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֮Ϸ
ߣ̻

ݼ飺
Ϸ֮췭ظı仯
ʦƷʦҽʦʦʦְҵ۷塣
绽ꡢɽǻսңС


1 Σ
Ȼȵ·ݣǿѾǱȣ궯Ϣ
ֱӵ˴ϣһָ̧
ѾһˣֻǳһһƿȪˮθѾǳ׿ˡ
ҵæıҵգۻᣬҪæľҹ
ǣΪ＼ӵרҵıҵ˵ҹŻѡ
һվϿһ飬ʲôרҵţʵϿӵ֮＼С
ڴѧרҵѧϰĶǸֻ֪ʶ˿֮⣬ʵ벻ʲôط
Ѳɻ㿿Щ֪ʶĸҩ﹫˾оҩκðɣ
Щ治ϵıרҵģһ㶼һЩҩְλ϶ǳ乤ת󣬹Ҳǧͷ
һУǧͷĹʣеˮƽߣԺ֮ҲƨҲʣˡ
֪רҵôӵҲѲҪȥ乤ȥְͨҵգ
ڴϣ
ʱһĿڴ
Щ˺񳡴𣬰սԸˣˣ־ȴԺסš
ʮϲһ׸裬ޱġ𡷡óֻһֻĻʾϴ󣬹ɭ
ιϴǼʲôȥˣһʱӰûС
ģǼڲٳȾأһȵ㣡һϳɵֻ洫˳
ȥһ죬۵ҪһҲ붯
ɲаͲһˣģҪǸҲ缸ϻȥź򰡣
ðɣðɣʰһ£͹ȥεӦ
Ҷ˵绰΢һᣬһ·ϴּ䣬׼ϴȻȥٳǼڡ
ո߽ϴˢ䣬ʹűƿ
Ǽʲô׼ϴ͹ȥأһ˵ţһתͷ
ǿվſڵ˵ʱɫһ˲Ϊѡ
ʲô
Ϊ׵Ǹˣҧгݵ˵
Ϊ׵Ǹ꣬һ˿۾εϹαЦݣԳһʱģ
㰡˵⼸ҹҵͦ࣬ôòҰæò˼ϾҲͬѧһ
Ÿǵŭڵһ¾
壬Ǻοأֲǲ֪ǽֻ㵱ƣֺαΪ͸ìأϸûôѰɣ
վڸԱߵǸ꿪˵
ʦʣͬͬѧǰģͨʦʲҵġ
ʦʵĻŭʤǰһߵʦʣȻһȭ˸ϣ۾ˡ
廹òΪǰˣѧλ֤ڻָԱţñҵĹѩϼ˪
ҽôķ㡣
һ˵ţһȥԱߵľʡ
Щģʦʶ˵ܡ
壬ţ治㣬ҾͲи
ȵܵԶˣתŭĺ
仰պ꣬ʦæת¥ܣΪľ׷
ŸоĻ΢һЩľʷŻᣬȻţȥٳͬǼȥˡ
ٳǵֱܽ߾ʮףվ¥ϣܰѲٳϵһп
嵽ٳ֮󣬺ܿҵǼˣǴʱΧڲݵϣмżƿơƣһЩСԡ
ģôôΪأ꣬һƿơƵݸ塣
ղŸʦȥˣҸˣׯ׹һơƣ˵
Ϊµ£϶ûʵ
岻˵ֻǷһӦһ¡
Ĳ˵㣬ǽҪĿ㣬͸ϣҲֵˡأ˼㣬ֱӾһˣѧλ֤ˡ
ˣ̸ˡǽôٳϺȾƣ˶Ļתƻ
ģһʱҲ˵ʲô
˵ôһԵС˵
ꣿǲһ㶼°ҹôǲȵʱɣ
˵ϰҹġ㿴ⲻô
˵ŻͻȻһ˷ָܵҹգ˵
תͷȥͿԭİҹգһӱͷ⻮չֳһĻ档
죬ԸԸѵһĻᰡһԴСš
кɭ͹ǣҲǷ׷ױ۾˫ֺʮһԸģ
ЦЦҲǱ۾һԸĬĬ˵ԸĻϣ쿪ʼҵӴ˱ڲͬ
ԸʱڶУһȭͷСȺ壬һѤĺۼڵķֱֱ
ڲٳΧЩѧȫһĻһǾȻ
ЩѧһӻŲٳڵķȥһЩŮ߷ֱľ
Χһӱæ۾ȻͿһŻֱײ˹
Ӧ͸оԼ˵һ죬Ȼֱӻ˹ȥʲô֪ˡ
֮ǰ뷨ǣղŵԸʵˣһӲҲУڲͬˡ
ģģû°ɣ
򼱾ȵ绰120
Ҫ㰡ɲܾ˰
ڼѵĽУʶһƬڰ֮С


2 ݻ
ʱ򣬸оͷЩһЩյĲ˫ۺţ
ǵùܱ꣬ԴȥŲƱ˻ԴЩԳ˵
ϡ壬ӭϷڽгʼ
ԺͻȻһŮȻȴǸоһëȻ
ʲôôҵԺ˵
ıҲ΢΢ЩңʵǸû˻شĻֻһâ𣬽ȫ

ǹâĵطֻоһ飬̲סһ
˼֮ϵĹâʧȻԺǸŮӵٴ
ʼɣĬɺг壬ף죬ټ
ιι˭ʲô˵弱æеǻû
ǸŮͺǰװϷʱʾһ㣬Ϸװ֮̾ǹˡ
ʲôϷҲ̫Ե˰ɣȻͬͬ⣬ֱӾǿаװˡ
һ߲ţһĬ塣
ȻǰĿһ󲨶һ͸ͳǰ
ϵĶʮּ򵥣ϽӰұ֣гƺһǿţֱѪԪȫ50/50
滹ԣֱָ;ֵָȫ10ûݡ֮ʾ
棬һɫʾ0/100
棬żťְֱҵƷ񡢽ġ̳ǡ
һְҵһʹˣһµ֣Ҳ࣬ťֱдսְҵְҵ
ʾľǸսְҵƵǣϷƺǰԵˣְҵҲѾѡˣҺְҵʿְҵ
һʿְҵĽܣְ֪ҵǷϵְҵܵҪȡľָߵ͡
Щť㿪鿴һݡ
ְҵֶеְҵͼ궼ǻɫģҪѧϰܵĻҪ;飬һҲûС
Ʒһ֮УǿտҲһִûС
ﻹнģĸܣ޷򿪡
̳ǵܴ򿪣Ķ廨ţһȡֵһһñҶһһӵʱ̾ͽ˲١
֮ľЩΪһڲϵ˸
ʮ֮ڣҵһݹ100㾭ִֵ1ʧ޳ͷ
峤һ񵹲ǺѣڵĴҲǱȽϡ
ֽеĹܰһ飬ͬʱҲ㶮ڵԣ൱һӵ״̬
ǰ͸壬˫ĿҪ侲һ¡
֮󣬸һԼϾͱװһϷһб仯ʵ̫˼
žડתͷſڴȥͿļˣʱվſڡ
ģˣͻȻ赹ǰǶŻˣɭһϲĿ塣
ʱȴһĿſڵļˣ
ؿڼѵͷϣȫƯǵֵ֣ԱһѪͺϷ
ûˣǱˣˣϴҰҽûµĻһǸϽԺɣ
عǿЦЦŹɭ˵
ΣǲҽԺˣһξǰһƤûжǮա
ûһᣬɭʹһҽˣҽһ˲䣬Ƥһ
ҽͷϣʾֵ޶ãҲǸһѪ
͹ɭǲͬǣɭǵֶɫģҽǰɫġ
ȻֵɫӦþ˫ĹϵˣɫĻӦþѺáɫĻӦþϾҽزʶ
ڵжԵĻ廹ûм֪ǲǺϷһҲǺɫġ
ҽһݵӣһ״ӣ˫ֲڶһʮɢģ
ҪԺ
ҽ´һĵʵ
ҸоԼѾˡ
оԼˣҽҽ˵˾ͺˣסԺ۲켸ɣҽһۣǳ弸䣬תҪ뿪
ˣҸоԼȫˣھҪԺ
üͷԴϿԼʮֽһëûУȻ뻨ԩǮ
˵仰֮Ҳ֪ǲԼĴͿҽ֣˼΢ĺɫ
Լ忪ЦҪԺĻʲô飬ҽԺɲ𣡡
ҽɫ˵ﰵԵ⣬Ͳ˵ˣ㻹ҪԺ
ѾĳֶˣֻҪʲôȰѸּ鿪һݣòȥ顣
ȥԺҪǳʲô飬ҪԹҽԺ
£󲿷ֲˣ㲻ԸҲֻȥ飬Ͼ˭ҲҸҽ֡
ȴһ㶼ںѾݻˣе״̬԰ϣȻ԰һôһ¶ûС
ԼھҪԺ
ҽͷϺɫ𽥼֣̬Ҳʼòá
ʲô̬ȣҪԺҲԣȰѸּһɣҽɫʱҲ
ǸҽҽԺʱ򣬸ּ鲻Ƕô˵ûʲôô
ҽ̬ȣɭҲһԿڵ
鲻仯ôҪǲȥ飬ǾͱҽԺĴ߳ȥ
ҽݺݵĵ˹ɭһۣŭת뿪ˡ

Ǹҽ뿪͸оԼԺУһʾ


3 ù˷
壬Ϳťϵ˸ţ㿪֮Ϳϳһµ
ʱ񣺵޶ΪһҽȻѾɥʧҽ£ΪΪ˻øĽǮӦܵʧǮƵĳͷʱ䣺졣ʮñҡʧܳͷһñҡ
ЩҲʵ̫Ӧ˰ɣ
ЩˣҪֻǸҽһ٣Ϊ˲ͷһñңҲͻȥˡ
ǣǸҽʧǮƣôȥ͵ǮֱȥУ̫ˡ
ٴοһݣһСʾ
̳֮ڿԹƷ񡣡
忴ʾ֮󣬾ʹ̳ǣѰõƷ
¶˵ǹƿ֮ˮ׹ǣʮ֮ڣ¿Ը۸һӡ
ת𵤣˵̫Ͼ¯ƵɵֻҪδδͶ̥Ը۸һӡ
׷׭ײơ
Щֱ飬һӵһñң¶ͼֵһñҡ
Ϸû׬ǮļܵĻôһӶˡ
Ŀһ·ɨܿ͵ܹһƬ򣬶һЩܲǺĶ
Щ棬һַ׭ܿע⡣
ù˷˵ùˣˮʹñ֮󣬷ƨŸǷ°ͶǴ˵ʱ䣺һ졣۸һӡ
еĵ֮Уֻù˷пǸҽʧǮƵģϾùǮʲôȫľѹ
ù˷ļ۸Ҳߣһ԰ɣ
ҧҧֱӶһһӣȻù˷
һâù˷͵ȻԺоͽܵһϢ
Ƿʹã
ʹãĿ꣬޶ã
֮еù˷˲仯ɻɢ
޶ôӲֱ֮߳Ӿͻİ칫ңٸ忪һЩҩģڿûˡ
˲롣
СҪǲȫĸ飬ͱԺëҪǲϹεˮԺһô죿
޶Цһ
ʱһų޷ĺɫ׭ɽ˰칫ңֱ˵޶õıϣֱӴ˸
ôͻȻое䣬ǲ˭ڱأ
ܣûзʲô֮󣬵޶Ҳûзϡ
ܿ͵°ʱ䣬ϲǵ޶ֵ࣬ľ뿪ҽԺݳһưʻȥ
޶òֵҹʱȥĵطǾưɣʮˣûн飬Ҫ취Ҫġ
ھư˼Сʱ֮󣬵޶þҵԼĿ꣬һ欷ٸһ洩һȿ㣬Ըл
һ̸֮󣬾;ȥƵ꿪нһ뽻˽һ¶Էĳ̺ǳ
ٸ޶õһȣư˻ôʱ䣬ǵһϵȻɫ
һ˾Ƶ귿䣬޶þȲҪסǸٸ
Ҫżȥϴ
ǻٸ˫ֳڵ޶õؿϣסԼ
ããȥϴ裬һҪң
޶˫ðؿǰĻٸæӦ
¾Ͱϵ·޶һԡȥһ߻תͷ˵ҺܿϴˣҪ
õģҵ㣡ٸ¶һĵЦݡ
ȵ޶һԡңٸϵЦһʧˣߵ޶õ·ǰһ
ֻ⼸ǮȻѧ˳Ůˡ
һǧֽ𣬻ٸƲƲ죬һмı顣
ߡٸһֱſڵķȥ
޶Ļϲڴϴ֮󣬿ű߰·׼뿪Ļٸɫ̾ͺˡ
ǸٸҲסˣû뵽޶ϴϴô죬ô̵ʱ䣬ûɣ
ٸܿͷӦ˹æȥ
ܣվס
޶ŭһӿҲ˲ֱӾͳ˷䣬Ǹٸ׷ȥ
׷Ǹٸ޶úܿ׷һ¥ȫڸûд·
вɣȻ㱼
񾭲ԽԽˣ
ϽȥҩɣҪư
Χ޶ŷӦԼһ˿ҡ
Ҳ˲ȥ׷ǸٸתŷȥǸù˷Чô򵥡
޶תʱ򣬺Ȼһ磬Ϊȫˮڹ⻬Ĵʯذϣһվȣ˵˵ذϡ
⻹ûнΪϵˮǰУֱײ˴еϣͷѪȻֱ˹ȥ
ڵȫɵɵؿһĻ˺һŻع
̫ù˰ɣ
һߵĻ
ڶ죬ֻϿţҲ¶˿Цõı顣
Ͼ֪޶õùˣΪѾõɵʾҲû뵽ù˷ЧȻôǿöԷһôҵ³
û˵޶ôǿҪ£ܿͰ˳Ժ
Ժֱ֮ӾļˣһȥѧУķݴһ١
ϾһסԺҪ⼸ֵǰæҪʾ
һסԺڵʱأԹɭҲû֪ͨĸĸǵġ
ºҲʮֵңҪĸĸ֪סԺ϶Ľ٣Ҫҹ
˼Сʱ֮ȫĻᣬڴϣ붯
ϾҪУ˰һϺģһμͲ֪ʲôʱˡЩĸ̾
ȹ缸ˣʱǮУʲôʱ棬ʲôʱ档
ڴϰ˰֣Ǻ˵


4 ִ
ȻûȫŪϵϷ廹ףѾǷ췭ظı仯
ģǾ͵㷢ˣǱˣ
ðʱͷͰ׿ˮܹ
ɥĲ񰡣
ǰֱˣ̫ûˣ
Цһ֮󣬾ƾӿȫ˯˹ȥֻԾ۾ϷĴ壬ĬĬ顣
ݻ֮󣬾ƾʲôģ˵Ѿû˶ãֻ϶һ΢״̬
ȻϷڻֻ㼶ûʲôرĵطڻҪ취
ֻܹ֮ɱ䡣
ֽ׶ҪĻֻһ;Ǿǽɣõһٵ㾭飬ܹܹõһִ
Ҫųȥҹˣ
εȻ˸Ҳǽ˯֮С
ڶϣȥʳó˷֮󣬾ֱӳУţҪȥתתܲҵʲô
Ѿ˴㣬ҪʵڲеĻȥ乤Ȱ˵ֻҪõ̴ְˡ
һʱ䣬˺üƸᣬЩ˼ȫͶ˳ȥȻõһ䡰ȥ֪ͨĻӦ
Ⱥ˼֮ȴûյκ֪ͨ
ֻҸӦȥ˵
ȻӦҲûлѹȥͶֱһ˵С꣬ӦƸԱȥˡ
СзԱֱûֻҪȱ첲ȾС
ױŨϰ˼֮˳ģͳΪСķԱȻһöʾ
֮һʾͳǰ
񣬽һٵ㣬ִ1񣡡
ϵťˣûκԥ̾͵ťڲܱģ˵
ť֮͸оԼ֮Уӿһȫÿطøӵǿ׳
һͳ嵽ԺľҲø
ĸоʵ̫ˣղŲг
ʧ֮巢Ѿ˱仯ѪԪ50/50Ǳ75/75
ָ;ָҲ15㣬һ5Ǳ
뵽ԼְҵҲûж룬ֱӾͰ5Ǳ˾ָϣþָ20㡣
ӺǱֵ֮㿪ĺҪһĿʲô
ݣ
µݣĬãһټ̵ۡ
ΪϷңôܼײ㣬ᾫӢγ̰ɣһ֮ڣ¹ʳһһǧ㾭顣ʧܳͷ޷õκξ顣
˵һСڵԱһ˾һҲ¹ʹ
겻Ļ֮޷ĳͷʵ̫ɥĲˡ
Ǿ൱ڰһɫŮԱߣȻٸ㴩ٴ㿴üţ̫ûˣ
廳ɣ֮ѣΪһͶȡɵģûŬȥҹ
ǣ˵ʲôˣ룬ôϰְɣ
ô˵СﵱԱⱲӶûпˡ
ϰǸҸ˵¡
վڹ̨ϰҧҧһһŲ˹ȥ
ʲô˵ɣ
ϰͷҲû̧˶Ŀ
ǸҪְ
ʲôϰ͵̧ͷݺݵص塣
ǸҴְˣ첻˰
˵֮ҲǸϰ׺ݵĿ⣬ֱӾŷȥ
ܳ˷꣬һֿʼôܹɣ
˹һ·ҡҡλΣͻصѧУ
صᣬڴϣʼ˼ڤ룬ʲôܹһڣﵽĵز
һȦ嶼û뵽Ĺ
ˣ֮󣬲ǻһִô򿪿ûʲôõĶ
ƷͿһش
У
΢΢Щִ֪ʲôܸܲıڵ
䣬ǸоͱһǿҵĹâȻƷͶණ
Ʒܹʮո񣬴ʱеľŸѾռˣֱžƷ
شС50ԪС50񵤣С50ʡ1ī1011̽飬Ʒʦ顣
شǻָѪԪǻָԪ񵤵ǻָ
ֵҩһҲ⣬ִǿ϶ֳҩģǱ飬ǸƷʦ顣
屾ΪҲһЩװʲôģû뵽ǣȻмְܺҵС
ó˫һģͽȫѧϰˡ
ʹ̽飬ѧ˼̽
ʹƷʦ飬õƷʦУеƷԶΪƷʦ
ΪƷʦָ30㡣
һ仯ľָѾﵽ50㣬Ѿһ˵屶ˣǿϧǣʱ޷þ
߾ָΨһĺôҲ˵˾øţദˡ
ΪָߣܹƵԪҲ࣬ﵽ250/250ǿϧǣֻһ̽ļܡ
㿪ְҵһҵƷʦ壬ʼоڵ
˵ְҵﵽ弶֮ŻῪģֻѧϰһƷʦְҵ͵ģûʹơ
һƷʦַܹ׭ÿһַ׭ΪƷʦַܹ׭


5 Ʒ׭
˿ŵַ׭־̲ס¶ϲɫ
ַ׭ֱǣϷзշ
һı־ͷɿγһС壬ǸĹЧܡ
ʹУħš
Ľܣֽ׭ĹЧһ顣
̲ڷֽ֮УƸּ
Ϸܹʹߵʹ߱ò˼ݣϻ۲
з磬̤ˮСڷ׭֮İ£ǧ
ʹ֮ǧ֮쿸ڻ¡
շ壬ëţ֮Ժһ
⼸ַ׭Ľܣһ޺飬رзͽշʹ֮󣬼ֱ޵ˡ
ȲҪˣҪʶһ£ķ׭ǲ
ææشƷóʡī⡢֮סˣΪ֣ûпհ׷ֽ
ˣһ̳Ƿҵʱ򣬺񿴵пհ׷ֽ
æ̳ǣʼѰҿհ׷ֽ
ҵˡʮһţǹ󰡣
ſհ׷ֽļ۸岻Թ뵽Щ׭еְѿհ׷ֽļ۸񶪵һˡ
һһǧӣһһſհ׷ֽȻӴǰã׼ʼ
ȡһſհ׷ֽƽϣȻ򽫷ֽ϶ѹãһߣī΢ĥ˼£оԶЩɫҺ塣
ְסհ׷ֽ¶ˣڱպ˺ɫҺ֮һз
֮Ϳԭǿһķֽ棬Ͷеʣ˳Щġ
ȵһɣֱ̧ۣʷһߣȻϣĿϵķֽ
ֽϵЩɫʱҲʼ˸Źââ˸ԽԽ죬󣬷ۡһ죬ŷֽ˷ɻңʧˣ
һŷ׭ʧˣǻû£
һŷ׭˷ɻңϾ¶ʧ֮ɫҲ֮Уûл׭һʧҲ
彫ڶſհ׷ֽѹãٴοʼ˻ƣǻ֮ŷ׭˸ż֮һλ˷ɻҡ
ڶŷ׭ٴʧܣ΢΢üͷ
ó˵ſհ׷ֽԾʧܡ
һͲˣͻһŷ׭
ŷ׭ʧܣ
ŷ׭ʧܣ
ŷ׭ʧܣ

˶ʮŷ׭ûһųɹȫʧܸա
׼Ƶڶʮŷ׭ʱȴǵõʾԪѾּ֧Ʒ׭
嵽˴ʱŷ֣ԭƷ׭ҪԪġ
ûмƷ׭ʱҲǽ侲ŷ֣ڷ׭Ļƣûһ˽⣬ֻǿ׭ͷһȣȲĿʼƷ׭ˡ
һҪúõ˽һ·׭ĻƣҪȻǮ
һ˵ţһ´Ʒʦ壬ʼϸ˽׭
׭Ļ;һֻƣһֱӵɡ
ַͬ׭ǼֱһǷ׭Ƿ׭Ƿ׭У׭ǼߣԽԽǿ󣬻Ǽһŷ׭
ʹüɷ׭ĻŹ̶ĸʣӰ죬ʮֵȶ
ƷʦȼߣǼ׭ļҲڲϵߡ
ƷʦͬǼ׭ĸǰٷ֮壬ÿ½һǼٷ֮塣
Ҳ˵ΪƷʦʹüɷ׭ĻǷ׭ĸǰٷ֮壬Ƿ׭ĸǰٷ֮ʮһǷ׭ĸǰٷ֮ʮ塣
ֻƵĻȴЩʵӰ죬Ʒ׭ַԽɹԽߣȵַԲ֮󣬿԰ٷ֮ٻƳɹ
ҲͬʱζţûлƻĻɹû޵ģڸտʼʱȫпǻһţһţɹΪ㡣
ͬǼķ׭ҲиеͣͺͽշôһȼģԲͬ׭֮䣬еȼ֡
յַ׭֮Уһ׭Ϸзڶ׭ͽշ׭
һ׭Ҫ5Ԫ׭Ҫ10Ԫ׭Ҫ50Ԫ
ڵԪΪ250/25025Ŷ׭ո㣬ܹ1Ƿ׭2ŶǷ׭3һǷ׭ġ
ǣõֻƵķһɹҲûУװ˷˶ʮſհ׷ֽ


6 аĺ
ڿ׭֪֮Լղʧܵԭˡ
ֽ׶˵ûʹüֻƵĻҪһʱĶС
Ȼ֪ڣԪѾĸɾˣٻѼСʱָܻȫҲˣ϶ܵǵ滭
Ҫһ䷿ˣҪȻʲô㡣
ոհƷĹذʹ˽ƣҲһˡ
壬ôͶȥ˼ݣתųذʵ
ذЦһǶͶȥˣǹƴ󲿷ֶʯ󺣣֪мţֲǲ֪רҵôҹ
û취ڵרҵʵҵһרҵĲ＼ֻˢרҵˡ
ҵһרҵҲ˵ʲôˣŬҹɣ
ûһᣬɭǼҲˣһƨŷţ༰Ļ⡣
ڼĵʱű򿪣߽һһ۾ЩݵϴЦݡ
缸أʲôأЦź˴к
˽йԪǰİ೤Ϊ˻ȽϹڰ༶ԵҲ
Ԫ磬ʲôôЦŶԹԪ˵
壬һ£˵
Ԫļɫ΢һЩ
Ԫı飬Ҫ˵ʲôѾˡ
壬ҽȥʦˣǿѧλ֤鲻ô죿ҪȻȥϸˣ겻ǰˣ
֪ԪΪѧλ֤飬ûѧԺ֧ܣҲʱ˵ЩΪԼá
֮ǰӲѧλ֤ѹǰҲҪ䣬ڣϷ֮ôȥϴ
Ԫ磬һᴦģʱ䣬鷳ˡ
ҾǶܼ˵飬ѧλ֤Ǵ°ʦ˵ˣֻҪȥǸǱ߾Ͱѧλ֤鷢㡣
ԪЩˣЩж
Ԫ磬ģҲΪһʱԼǰ;ġ
ô˵Ȱѧλ֤õ֣ʲô֮˵
Ԫ˵䣬תԼᡣ
ƻǻΪû취Ըô
˸ź⣬̳вϵķţܿ죬ҵҪĶЦ˵
ǰ̳ϣһڲϵ˸Źâ
аĺߣճɾϺߣȾ֮Ҳ˸ı䣬γ˽ʽԵǶаˣ𲻵κá۸һӡ
ǰ㰡ƻױĻмɫġ
ЩԺѧ֪ƻܹ֧֮ǣΪϹԺίǡ
Ҫǰƻ͸ŪһϹ֪ôϷеĿˡ
ʹаĺߣĿ꣺ƻ
һеǸߣ̿ʼ䳤ʧС
ҹֵܻĸڼʱͻȻƻݡ
Ůӵݣڸ۾ʼƻģ
оԼѪҺһӷˣֱӻȥһʦ
ڼϹ뽻ƻҲͻȻоϵϹ˹˹ģῡεĸһȣ¸ǸǣһҹȡϹΡ
ȵڶ죬ǰȥƻʱ˶ǲԾĻرܶԷĿ⡣
Ľ̸ţ飬ǵĽ̸Уֻһ仰ΪǸû
ֻǿŶԷҹ飬ǽѾ֪Լ˵Щʲôˣ֪ʲôʱ˾ͱһ
飬ȻȻķˡһ죬˵ĹϵҲԽ
ǣֶֹڴˣʹǸߣĿĿɲΪ˴ˡ߽˵ġ˽ʽԵɲֻǱѡ
ʹаĺ֮󣬶ƻ͸ʱǲˡ
ӦԴʩѾʹˣֻҪһʱ䣬ξͿˣ˲ֵȫעӦԡ
Ҫǵ飬һݣܿҪˣʱѧУͻҵˡ
˳֮׭Ҳӵķ㡣
Ǹʱ֮õʮԪĽȥаĺߵһԪ͹հ׷ֽһǧԪʣ½Ǯ
һִ󲿷ּҾ߼ҵȫסַӣҲֻÿһǧҡ
Ͼ߳жһܹϣʲôҲǱȽϱ˵ġ


7 ꣿ
ҳµֻ룬岦˹ȥǱߺܿͽͨˡ
ιãǳⷿӵĳ𣿡̬º͵ʵ
Ҿǣʲô飿ǱߴһЩͳ
Ŷã׼ⷿӵģ֪췽㣬ȥӡ
ԣʱ֮󣬸Ҵ绰ˡǱߵǸ˵֮󣬾͹˵绰
΢һ£ԷķӦҲ̫䵭һЩ
ҡҡͷֻҪԷķû⣬ùܶԷʲô̬ȡ
һҹʱ䣬ԪѾָˣǽ磬ûгȥҲû׭
һĵԣȵԹ緹ֱӳѧУǸⷿڵĵطȥ
ת˼·֮˳ⷿڵأĻ֡
һֵͿڽֵԿ˵̣Щ̻϶ǹƷꡣ
µĵַܿҵ˵ط˵ط֮΢΢һ㣬ΪȻһꡣ
ѵǸµϢǼٵģ
ԥʱһӴ˳
վҵſʲô𣿡
һӵȷˣǵ绰Ǹˡ
ãҾҪⷿӵǸˣ绰ϵġ
ŶǾͽɣ
ӵ̬Ⱥ䵭һЦûС
Ӻһ˵̣Ȼ¥ݴȥҪķڶ¥
ڱϷܹ֮˶̬ȣǵ֣òӦ޸ãֻкжԵˣŻʾֺѪ
ǰǸӣȻûʾ֣˵ﲢûе塣
Ļ̬ȾԵñȽϹˡô˵ⷿӣҲǮôҲӦ䵭
ˣҲѧһ̽ôܹܲ̽ԭ򡣡
һʹ̽оһĨ⣬ȻǸӵһЩϢͳС
ЩϢʮֵȫ棬ǸӵԸ񣬻״ȫʮϸ
ЩϢУҲ֪䵭ԭ
ӽгңΪˮԽԽ㣬͵еķˮһ棬ҪһЩֽǮڷԡ
ǣҶڷˮ֪ʶһ㶼ҲһЩֽͨǮЩˮֵˣܿĶ
ʱ䣬һһǮû׬Ǵ˺üµȥѾתõ̵˼
ȻһҪתõ̵ĻԼβֹ
ϣҲһڽԼһ˼ȥΨһϣЩ׭ˡ
ţڼʶЩ׭֮һԸ⻨Ǯģʱܹɡ
ǣЩ׭ôܵߺȣ
ҿ϶ҪĻǱǹûշ׭Ǳץӣû£Ҳû
ڴϽôûΣ˭Ϊƭӡ
Ͳһˣˮϣ׭ʵ̫ˣرķ׭Ч
Ҵι˶¥ķ䣬ҾߺͼҵȫֻҪһЩ֮ĶͿֱסˡ
䷿ӵÿһǧҪȽµı֤𡣡
Էӱʾ֮󣬳ҾͿʼ̸顣
ϰ壬֪¥µûתõԸ
ʣתͷһᣬЩɵʵҪҵꣿ
ԣǲ֪ϰԸԸתã
Ҹ㣬̵ǲÿüôתáԭģ˲ʧԵڡ
ȻҪĵ̣ôܲۡ
𣿡ЩζĿųңֱЩˣſڵȻϰõĻôҲͲǿˣ
赭дĻһӼȻҲ֪թʱѾܹ˼尾
𼱰Ҫ̵ĻҲǲԡÿһʣ޺ͬȫת㣬ô
ϰ壬ĺгģǺԸתðϰҪתõĻ飬޺ͬȫתҡ
׿ڣͿ˽ķ֮ļ۸õϰһӾ
ʲô飿ܣ붼룡
ϰ壬֮ǰҿһġ꣬ӿŵ쿪ʼһֱǮ˰ˣѵȥ


8 Ǭ
ߴﳣ屶ľĻ߸Ⱦʮ׽˵
ĻҵһӾͶҡļ۸Ȼûʲô׬ͷҲûǮ
תȥ֮Ҳ˷˰ʱѡ
̫ˣ൱ڰ׸һֻҪ򣬶¥ЩҾߺͼҵҲת㡣
ֻ򣬳ϰҪǲԸĻˡ˵žҪת뿪
Ҫ̵߳ʱ򣬳ҵʹӺ洫˹
ȵȣ򣬲ҪھͰ
ãϰȻǸˬˡ
ת¶Цݡ
󣬳ҺǩתúͬͬǸӵʹȨת¡
Ҳȡֽ𣬽˳ҡȡôֽʱ򣬳Ҳһ㵣ⶼʲôˣȻֽ
֤Щֽα֮󣬳ҲͲپˡ
˳֮Ͱѵ̵Źˣת֮ӪҵִѾˣҪȵµӪҵִ֮󣬲ܿʼӪҵ
˶¥ֱ֮Ӿ͵˴֮ϣ컨壬ﻹЩƽ
ڹˣｫΪҵ𲽵㡣Լ˵
ļʱȥµӪҵִգһϵе㽫жȫᵽ˵С
ϣٴξһȾƣɢơ
ھϣȫǴͷţ˵ԶĿ꣬жǰã
ϣٴκȵô顣
ѧУ֮ʱ׭
ϴʱʣǮһٴιһǧſհ׷ֽü˰ʱ䣬Ƴŷ׭
нշ;ʮţзʮţϷʮţǸʮš
һŽշǰŷ׭Ч̾ʾ˳
շܹٹǼĹֵĹȫӣǼһǡʱ䣺24Сʱ
ϵķ׭ܣʵ׭ĽܣԵøӵ׼ȷ
ЧʹúӵٹǼзЧʹúһǧǼϷЧ1Ǽ򿪷ȡ
ȻҲǼҪǸݲس̶ȣҪʹòͬǼķ׭
һĸð֮СһܹһԳĻһЧڣС
ҪȮֲ֢֮ҪȻǰٲˡ
Щ׭֮ӪҵִҲҪ׼ʼӪҵˡ
˸գѧУһˣˣһһֻҪĻڽһڣǾǰٲ֮塣
ûиǷ׭ЧֻǸǣΪƽҪ
ǵ״Ǹ˵ԵˣҲȥǿ
һӣͽſϵĺ첼̾ʽĿˡ
ȡǬӴԺרӪַ׭
ڵĸֽǮҲûķ׭ʮעܷڻϵģЩˣ̾Եÿյˡ
ַ׭ļ۸嶨ñȽϸߣǴ⣬겻ţųꡣ
һǵһһţǵʮһţǵһһš
۸һЩһǵһţǵʮһţǵһš
ڿϷǹףһǵһһţǵһǧһţǵһһš
зշַ׭ûⶫҪʵˣɾˡ
ַ׭ļ۸һֽдãȻڹ̨ϣͿʼһϰ
Ȼü׭ɹѾǲ廹ǲ̫⣬ǸоǲԼ
ϲһпԼһҪջƷ׭ļɡ
ȻϰƷ׭ļɣûʹÿհ׷ֽʮǮһŵļ۸ʵ˷Ѳ
Ͱտհ׷ֽĳߴ磬ûƱֽü˴ķֽҲûʹīǹһЩɰ;ȣȻʹϰ
̿ŵʱҲûжĶֻſڷһұڣ֪ͨˣм̿ˡ
˲ٵפΧۣΪǬв˵¶˺֮ɫ
ȵڷ꣬м߽˵֮УҪΪǬĵʲô
⼸ֻ߽֮϶˸ĶȴһҲûм


9 ķ׭
̵ǼˣĿܿͱ̨ϵǿֽס
ֽϵķ׭۸ǼǾȣȻòŵŵͷ塣
һԪһŷ׭ϰǮ
˵һҲҪһԪһţҪǮĽడ
ϰ壬ķ׭øҿ𣿡
һӣǰ಻סԼĺģߵ̨ǰѯʵ
ѯʣеҲûͣ£ԾǼڷֽϻķġ
ķַ׭򵥵ģ彫һʼϰģ塣
ʲô׭ͷҲûֱ̧ʵ
벻̬ȣӵһŭǱѹȥûб
Ҫҿķ׭ôҲܾ򰡣
ԾͷҲû̧һʵķֽһֽţӵһߣȻóһŷֽʼ
㻹ûĻô˼׭ܹ㿴
ʲô˼׭ÿôҿǹŪͷƭ˵ģ
ӳױ弤ŭˡ
ô룬ǮĻ׭ÿˬĻžתֱ߾Ϳˡ
岢ǲ飬һ۷׭ʵΪַ׭Ƚ⡣
ϷֻҪĵϣͻֱӱʹãҪǸӿʱһСİѷ׭ʹˣô죿Ҫһķãʱ϶ˡ
ȻͿϷͬĵϾʹõģַ׭ϵϢȴʮֵС
ҪǽӴ˶ˣַ׭մȾϢͻңЧͻۿۡ
£嵱Ȼñ˿׭ˣһһһٶ˴ҲͲˡ
ߣװŪ
Ǹһֱת뿪ˡ
˿ǸӳԱҲǰֿԣȫԾת뿪
⼸УһݺƵӣȴû뿪
СֵܣȻЩ׭ܸܿܲҽһЩ׭Ĺܣ
仰Щȵ̧ͷһ۹̨ǰӣû뵽ղǸӱǺ֮󣬾Ȼ˹ѯʡ
еʷ£ЦЦȻԣ
ӺܴûҪ鿴Щ׭ѯЩ׭áҪ嵱Ȼܾ
βģǼԽߣܹƵĲҲԽࡣһûãҲһҩϷ˱ġ
Ľܼܺ򵥣ǸӵȴһĻƷ˺ܶ˼
ǼԽߣܹƵĲҲԽࣿǲζţǼ㹻ߵʱ򣬰ѪͰ֢֮ľ֢Ҳܹƣ
һûãǲζЩʱãҪȻܱҪ
Ϸܹ˱ܹ٣ֱӴѧѧԣ
˵ʱǸӵѾתͷȻЩ뷨ҪһϣǾЩ׭ȷʵá
СֵܣһܹЩ
ֿһֽϵļ۸ҧҧʵ
Ҫ򣿡ЩȵĿǰӡ
û뵽ڻûм׭£ӾȻԸ⻨һԪһŷ׭
Ҫ֤׭ĹЧɣˣһŰɣһܹƸּԼȥɣЧĻǵһ¡
˵һһĳɱһٿ飬͸ӣ˵ܴ
Ȼڵһ˵Ŵ
͸ңǸЩˡ
֮ҪһΪĵţȫһƭӡҲѾĴ㡣
û뵽ȻһǮûգͽһ͸ѵЩ׭ЩЧô
ŷ׭һСϾˣûʲôµĻ߰ɣһҪ
ǸĿ⸴ӵĿһۣû˵ʲôת뿪˷Ǭ
Σһж֤ŷ׭˵ŷ׭ĹãôһȫǬ׭ûõĻôһᡣ
̧ͷһۣҡͷЦЦּͷʼϰ
ǰǼ˵Ļֵȫ֪¿һҷ׭̵ϰǮˣһŷ׭һԪ߾ȻﵽһԪ
֪Ϣ֮вĽʣҪһԪķ׭ʲôģ
Щ˵Ҫȫܾˡ
Ҫ׭ԣǮ㿴Ļ붼Ҫ롣
ܾЩˣ˵ĺûȫװŪֻǰڳһֽ峴ѡ
˵һԪ˳һ򣬹Ҳƨƨߵİѷ׭ȥ


10 ĹЧ
Ԭɽ߬ŷ׭ͣɿȥ
ǴðűƭΣգһԪһһģû뵽Ǹϰ壬ȴ͸
ԬɽĻϣһҷˮ꣬Ȼûбı£ڼʶϣһЩŵġ
еŷ׭ϣûиоһͷصϢ
ŷ׭ôǸϰǲװŪ
ԬɽǻɺǼˣҲԸϣ
ŷ׭ֻҪϾУûãҲʲô˺ҾԲκһ˿ϣҲʹһӵġ
뵽ԼŮԬɽ͸˼ִȰʹּ࣬ᶨ
ʮǰԬɽŮԬͻȻȣԬɽΪֻһСðı仯ȴʹ֮С
ŮþȻС֢һܻᱻⳡˡ
ԬɽģĴѰƵķͬʱţ֢Ҫչ
ǣ·ûС֢Ѿ̱ڣ֮ƣֻܹú֢һЩ
ԬɽһţԺȴڲϵ˸Ůݡ
֮ͣԬɽҵԼȥ֮󣬷ɿеһҽԺȥ
Сʱ֮Ԭɽ˵һҽԺȲסԺ¥ȥ
С֢ķǳ죬Ԭɽҵһʱ䣬Ҫ֪еŷ׭ŮĲûã
ڽӽſڵʱԬɽסԼĽŲһº¶һӲЦݣȻƿ˲š
ôûкһЩ
ڲϣ֫Щ̱ŮԬɽ۾һᣬȴȻЦݡ
ְ֣ǲǾͿҪˣҵĸ첲ȶ̧ˣ
СŮǿӢۣΪڷ絲İְ֡
СŮĻڴߵԬɽͯ࣬æתͷȥסԼ죬¡
Ԭɽǿס۾⣬ŮСԴЦôأֻˣȵˣʱֿԳȥˡ
𣿡СŮ۾˾ϲĹâ
ȻˡҪԹԵϢֻϢˣĲܹĺ
ְ֣Ҫ˯ඣ
ϾֻһСŮŰְÿһ¡
ȵ˯֮ԬɽһԵͯ࣬ʾл˵ȻŲȥ
ţĲҽô˵
ءԬɽĻͯҲ̲סʧ˳
ҽ˵ɲмأ갡
ӵĿԬɽӿһκͱߣһҷˮ꣬ﲢȱǮ
ǼǮȴҲûа취ŮӼȳŮ°ʹжȹ
ͻȻԬɽԼеһǵǸϰһܹƸּԼ
ôС֢㲻ǼԼ뵽Ԭɽ̾Ϳʼ
ˮ֮ץסһݣ֪ϣСȴԾǽץסš
Ԭɽƿ˲ţߵŮĲߣеһطŮϡ
ͯһ߽ͿԼɷ򣬽һŷ׭Ůϡ
Ϲڸʲô
Ҹոյõķ׭˵ܹƸּ
Ԭɽһ˵ţһ߻ĿתĿŮϵŷ׭
ͯ죬ֹȻţһŷֻֽܹŮĲҲûиõİ취ֻǳһ¡
ĵ˼ӣŽķ׭ûзκα仯Ԭɽ񽥽ʧ
ûôǸֻһƭӣΪʲôԬɽֻоһ
һ˿ϣʧȥϵȫʧ
Ԭɽͯ಻ϣʱϵһȴǽؿʼųӨӨ׹⡣
ǰ׹ԽԽֵķΧԽԽ󣬽
⣬⡭
һĻԬɽĿɿڴ¶һĿϲ֮ɫ
оˣоˣ
ͯʱҲɵɵĿǰɫӫ⣬ǲŵɫû뵽ɷһŷ׭Ȼá
ڰɫӫ£ԭŵüͷʱҲչˣ¶һ΢Ц
Щɫ㣬ϵĽڣ޸ļϸи񾭣ɿĿš
ԬɽһУĵЦţ§Լӣ᲻ϵ¡
֮ǰΪһ֮¶˿ڣŮĲϾҪˣ˼ɣʡ


11 
ʮ֮ǰɫӫ⽥ðǻʧ
ɫӫʧԬɽæǰ鿴ŮǱýƤһ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ʱҲ˹ղ˯ŵʱ򣬸ܵһʮůʵĸоΧǸղţõĸоȴʧˡ
ְ֣ղôˣҸо
Ŵ۾ԬɽڸղŵĸоʮֵĲᣬҪһᡣ
̧һ¸첲ԣ̧ܲԬɽ촽΢΢˵
ְֵĻԹԵ̧̧첲ԭ̧ĸ첲ʱʮɵļ̌
ְ֣ҵĲǲǺˣҿԳȥС𣿡
˷ܣʱҲղĸоˣ˵ϲ飬ǺͱСһˣˡ
ˣԺͱСˡ
ԬɽŮССڻ۾ϲõˮ
վһߵͯ࣬ǰһԬɽŮȫ§סԴԬɽıϡ
һ֮齥ƽԬɽҽһȫ顣
иֻ鵥ϵĽҽʦ𾪡
ôܣѾʼ̱֢״ôȫˣ
ɲ𾪣ǰ׶ΣС֢ȫǽ̱֮󣬸Ͳȫ϶º֢
ǣǰôͣСŮС֢Ϊʲôһҹ֮ͻȻ
ҽʶҽԺһᣬֻҪܹоС֢ķҽԺδһᷢ췭ظı仯
Ԭһ£ŮҽԺסһʱ䣬ǻҪһϵеĹ۲죬ȷĲḴ
𣿡ԬɽתͷҽһۣˣҶŮֶġ
ԬԽֶθôҪ֪Ļĺӡ
ǸҽʦȻԸŹҽԺĻᡣ
ҾֱӹֶλһЩ
Ԭɽ˵ǸҽʦҲֻ̾һûټ׷ʡ
ܿ죬ĳԺͰˣԬɽһ˾Ϳʼ׼뿪Ǹһ򱻰Ĳϡ
Ǭڣʱڹ̨ϣֳʣķġ
ʱѾ˼ǧŵĻƣѾȻġȻЩ׭ûκõġ
ֱӻƣѾϤĲˣҪţڻƵĹУԪעЩ׭С
оԼѾ˵һ׶εϰ忪ʼеڶ׶εϰ
ƷǻƳضͼҪУԪγϣӶܹ֮
һԪеϡ
մɰʾͷų΢ĺâһӣߣŻƱֽķֽϣĻһͼ
УͻȻеԪڵ㡢·ӡհ׶ϵ㡢ͣձʡ
ǻûúһŷ׭ŷ׭һͻ˷ɻҡ
߽ԬɽɿһĻһ̾˹Ȼǳˡ
㣿ôˣѵŷ׭ûã
Ԭɽüͷ΢΢һ壬ϾҲûЩ׭֪Щ׭ʵΡ
Сֵ˵Цˣŷ׭ȻãרǰлġһǮԬɽһϵ˵
Ԭɽ˵Ҳ׭ĽܲûпԼЩ׭Ҳ˸
ǮͲˣѾ͸ˣҶЩͿˣ
Ȼ廹һҪҪһ֮򣬵ǲԬɽǮ
ȻѾͳȥˣûºǮĵ
ʹ֮̽ԬɽıҲһЩ˽⣬֪һ֪ͼˣĻֿһҷ꣬һЩҲֵ顣
岻գԬɽҲٶΪ顣
ԬɽĻֿһС꣬СֵпտԹȥҵƬ
ӹԬɽеƬ忴һۣװ˿ڴС
ҽ壬пյĻһȥݷõġ
ǵʱҾ͹ˣϰ壬һ£Ǿˣ
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Ԭϰ壬һЧάһ꣬һ棬˲ٵκμԲŷ׭ܹʹãҪȻĻûʧġ
ԬɽߵǬſڵʱѵ
лϰˣ
˵֮Ԭɽ˳ȥǼоķ׭Ʒ


12 
ڽļʱ岻ϵĳʹԪƷ׭
ΪԪƣÿҲܹŷ׭һɹеķ׭ȫڻɵ˲䣬˷ɻҡ
ŻƵķ׭ԽԽ࣬彥ĸеЩԾ
һλƵķ׭Ҳ˸˼֮󣬲Ż˷ɻҡ
Ǿʱϰ֮ûгɹƳ׭Щ׭ɵ˲䣬̾ǻɻҡ
ȵĿ䵽еĻƱֽֽ֮۾ͻȻ
ѵһƵЩ׭֮ԻɻңΪһʧܣΪֽܲסôԪ
뵽̾ȡӨĿհ׷ֽպī֮󣬱ʼڷֽỬ
һۣһ·һתۣγһڵ㡣
ֱһʻ꣬ͣʣһЩŵĿŹ̨ϵŷ׭
ǵ׭˸˼¹ã˽֮⣬û֮
ˣ
Щϲŷ׭Ϳŷ׭ĽܣһŶ
һʱϰûа׷ѡҵĻƼɹȻˣĻȻǳЩƱֽֽϡ
ļʱ岻ϵĳŻƱֽֽĳޣȷƱֻֽֽܹ0.5Ԫ
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ֻĻַ׭Ĳ𶼲ֻ׭ʱ䳤һЩˣļַ׭أ
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Ȼ׳ӵͷϣûðĺɫ֣ȴǹܲô࣬һŷ׭Уֱǽշз
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ĸоŷ׭ϵʱͽڣڲϵתţΪһЩر
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ǣôҲû뵽Ǹ߼˸ոսţͺŪýţһӾ͸㽩ˡ
ϣϰʿһЩı£ҲǺġ
ԬɽЦ͵
ԬɽĽͣߵɫŻ˻΢΢˵ͷԬɽĽͣȻתͷ塣


13 һ
зˮ
Ǹ߿ڵڶֽǮǻɵʵ
ЩƷĶ
һЦתߵ̨棬ֽƵǰ档
һֽϵļ۸Ǹߵüͷתͷ˿վһߵԬɽǺɡ
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ʲô׭ߵвûзϡ
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ûϸˣȵٶȣDNAԣڹ군Сڹ꣬ôƹĸ
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Ļֱʦǵͨ죬һ߷ߵָ壬ȴ˵
ʱһԵʢӲҲѾ˵绰Щºܿͻϲ̵⡣


14 ¶ֶ
ʦ֪ôʱߵ̨棬ùһŻƱֽֽ΢ܿͻһɽկ
ΪƱֽֽĲ̫ɽկϵɢЩԪΧ֮
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Ĺ׳ʹһͱڵء
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ʦҲǴĿ֣ŷ׭ȻҽˣҪ˵Ȼоڳһĳθоһʡ

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2ɣýһǧ㾭飬񣡡
3ѾǿᾫӢˣôҪΪԶĿˣŬɣĿ꣺ʮȨĹϵﵽγ̶ȡһǧ㾭ֵʧܳͷޡ
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֪岻ԬɽʱҲǾʵеţƹͷˡ
Сֵֶܵʵ̾
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15 ȨƵ
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̧ȻҲʾãЦ˵ֻһЩСֶΰˣСԺҪ϶ˣæһ¡
һһҵƬСֵԺʲôֵĻԴ绰ҡ
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ϵݳƬԱߵʢӲɫһ䣬ĿУЩļɵ֮⡣
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16 
Ԭϰôûһ뿪ǲʲô飿תͷһԵԬɽ嵭Цʵ
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ʱѾ·ݣѧУıҵ϶߸ɾˣʣµĶΪԭԾѧУԸߵģЩûõҵ֤ıҵ
ЩһѧæӦԣֻҪԣǾͿԻؼҹˡ
ʱѧУ棬Ҳ徻˲٣У԰ڵ·ϲûжˣΪ󲿷ֵѧæſǰͻȻȵҲһԭ
£ܵУ԰Щȥ⼸ʮ죬ٻѾЩ˷ǵĸо
Ϥĵ·ܿѧԺĽѧ¥¥֮¥б֧
ߵſڵţ˰칫ڴһϤǰİ೤ԪȻûУ
ʦǰѧλ֤֪ŪûУ
ҲʦģȥʦɣŮʦһھͰжһɶ
ʦĸƳɼڰʮϣУڼҲûʲôΥΪܿѧλ֤Ҳðɣ
ʲôõģ˭ѧλ֤ˣ˵ѧλ֤ôɲҪ˵ѧλ֤̣һʱͷˡ
ԪĻλŮʦֱӾըë
ʦҪȻʦ˵˵飬Ѿ֪ˣֻƤ˼ϴѧλ֤ͷɣ
Ԫڰ칫Լ飬оůůģĶǸж
Ԫô£ô㻰ﻰ˼ǹѧλ֤һʲôˣΪѧλ֤ܶˣ㷳ǹúӣ£
Ůʦʱ䱻ԪˣһӾͱˣ˵Ҳû˹˼
飡
֧űƿײǽϣһ죬칫˵Ŀȫ˹
壬ôˣɫЩǺĹԪվſڵ壬Щȵ˵
ղűŮʦúӶ£ԪҲЩÿ
ղЩԪ磬ʱ鷳ˣŹԪ˵ͷЩм˵


17 
ʱҲѵԪʦ֧ʦ
壿ʱҲӾлعŭĿվſڵ塣
ûҾǡӦ
֪Լѧλ֤ۣΪڱ֮Ҳû֧ǹԪһֱΪǰܺġ
ףѧУҪѧλ֤ĻߣҲʲôЧ
νҰ䲼Ĺ涨ʵǰһЦ
Ǹղ⣬ԪΪԼԭ򣬱ȴֹסһŭ
ҪʲôȻ߰칫ҵš㻹Ǻôĵӣ֪֪ƻǲӦðѧλ֤㣬ѧųȥΣᡣ治֪ʲôĸĸ̳ģûн
ǰĭɣੲݵк⽥ء
ղĹԪڻ漰ĸĸŮ˵ǲˡ
û˸㣬ܼһ߹ȥһʵ
ੲݵĻһ㶣˵ʲô
žû˿ͣ٣ұ̧Բһȥһ
ҿûʹ÷׭ҪȻǧ֮壬ڷŭ֮£һ𵴡
ǼˣҲǲܣֻо˵һȻһ̣һ£³˼ݡ
ȹĵطѸٵĵúܸߣԼЩ㶵Ŀ壬ƻûӦʲô飬ǰ칫ڵˣһʱҲЩ㶡
ȻҴңҺƴˣӦһ˹ȥ
Цһһֳϣٴν鵹ڵء
ԼԹ˭ûͷӦң
칫ڵʦʱҲȫӦ˹ʦһߺţһΧ˹
ȻҴʦǷˣ
ǼץסСӣǼȥ
Сӣ̫ˣȻѧУʦܡ
СΧļʦЦһǲмתҪкԪһ뿪
ţһʦ̲סһ˹
Ȼûʹ÷׭ڵҲǳ˵1.5׵ؽʦĹ㿪ݺݵײıײſڵϣʹѣ޷
˼򵥾ͽһ˽ʣµļʦԥ
壬ܿˣܲ˵ģھȥɳףҲʱܼһС
һʦ庰
ûߵԪԱߣļԪ磬߰ɣ齻ҽֻûɣȥȾƣ
壬û°ɣ
ģܽͷİɣ
ԪȰ֮󣬻ͷһ۰칫ڼɹĳЦһһóֻһ¥ĵίǰ칫ȥ
ιǷô塣ֱֻ֮ͨӶŻͲЦŵ
ֻﴫϵҲǲԾ¶Цݡ
ķ׭֮һһҹʱֻоǳҲûǰѰĸоˡ
̾ŵʱ򣬾ͽӵĵ绰
ϣŷ׭Ӧûðɣʵŷ׭һСãһطʱ䳤˵ĻҲǻΧġ
һߺͷģһ¥ȥ
ǿ̫ˣϵЦ͸ֻĶ
ϡ绰㣬ҪмСҪ鷳㡣ҲûڣֱӾ˵˳
̹ףҲЦȻûܹƭ̹ҲЩϲ
Ȼ֮ΪҪǷ飬ҪǱ˵Ļָôˡ
ʲô˵ɣе棬һмֱġ
ϣġ彫Եһ¡
֪ˡ壬Ȼֹ־ֵľֳϵ㣬ʲô̸ͺˡС飬Ȼӡ
ϣǾ鷳ˣȲ衣һ£ȹˣ˵绰֮ǰԺίǵİ칫ҡ
칫洫һȵ
½̧ͷͿһѧվڰ칫ſڡ
ʲô𣿡½üͷ塣
½ǣҵѧλ֤ڻûзҪһ£ҪΪʲô徶ֱ߽칫ңƽʵ
Ӧԭɣǲĳ治ѧλ֤䷢׼Ƿϱ׼ıҵе֤鶼Ѿˣ½ɫ̱Щ


18 ͵
½ǣÿһƵĳɼڰʮϣѧûκΥΥͼ¼ҲûǷѧУѧѣǣѧУǿסҵѧλ֤ҡ
½£˹˵
̬½üͷ΢΢壬еЩ죬Ļ󣬸üëһơ
ˣ㲻˵ˣѧУǲܿסѧλ֤ģȥɣ
˵֮½͵ͷ£ڳһ˵̬
֪ҵѧλ֤Ǳ֧ƻʦסģԭҵ˸½ǣô
û˼Ծ˿˵
½͵ؽıϣȻ̧ͷҪ𣿸ҹȥҪȻһӱõѧλ֤
屾ЩΣΪ˱ƻ͸½˶ñڿĵУһҲԩ
۾һаߵĴڣ֪ܿƻ͸ڵλãҲ֪ĳЩ顣
½ǣʦûѧУ֪ʲôȥˡ˵
⻰ʲô˼½˫ָϣ۾塣
½ҪпյĻȥƵ3032ŷȥһЩջġŶˣʵñӸЩɫģ
˵֮Ц˳ȥֻһ½
½룬ֻͨ˼ǵ˺ܳʱ䣬û˽ӵ绰
ŻͲĻ½ɫԽԽѿ
ͨ½ٴβƻֻһΣ绰˼֮󣬾ͱͨˡ
ιϹʲô°ƻ˵ʱ΢΢Щո˶Ƶġ
ţôûϰࣿƻЩ½һЦ˵
ҽٳŵʱ򣬺ȻоЩԾûȥϰ࣬ڼϢپͺ
ƻ˵½͵ץֻ߬ס¶
ϹϹôˣô˵ǱƻЩźż
û£ȻвͺúڼϢɣҰ٣½ɿûƵ˵
Ҷϵ绰֮½߳˰칫ң¥ֱ֮ӼݳƵ꿪ȥ
Ƶ֮½Ҳûǰֱ̨ŵݵ¥Ȼҵ3032ŷ䣬ſվţٴβͨƻֻ
ιϹʲô鰡
ҸղŴĵ绰ôû˽ӣ
½ʣƻһӱЩҡ
ŶҸղ˯ˣ
Ҵ绰Ҫ㣬»ؼһˣòҰ㶫ȥ½ƽ˿ʲô
ŶŶǸȥЩ֭ɣûˣˣˣҹˣ
ƻ̼½ıøӵƽ
֮½ǰ3032ŷžʹˣƻ͸Ĵ˳
ǰ½ƻŵɫҰףһײ˷ϡ
½İ칫߳ٴ¥Щ鷳ڽĺá
ո¥Ϳ֧İ칫棬վżžˣںǼʦ˵ʲô
һʦȻ¥壬̾ͶǼ󺰵ǸСӡ
Ǽ͵һͷվ¥壬̾˹
ֻǳЩϵǣ岢ûԤеĶӣһ򶨵վ￴ǡ
˺һÿ˾ץ֣üͷһ壺ǸʲôʲôʱҲʦˣǼشѧޣץ˭Ǿץ˭
ôϻղǲǴƣˣץ屻㿪Ǹ죬ŭʵ
ûУûУҸղſԼģĵ˵
˵˵칫˶֤˵㻹Ʊ磿ʲô飬ǵ˵ɣ
СӣҲн죬һҪ㣬Σͷ֮ޣҪ壬߹ҧгݵ˵
ߣСӣղŲǻŵٽſ񰡣Ұ㵱žҰ
Ǹղűһ̵ʦǰϵš
еҪҴҪǴˣòøΣתͷԱߵľѯʵ
ԡǸûİһۡ
ǸСһȥʦдż⡣
ϣʲôͿӵ״󲻴ˡ
ǸʦǰһȭײĶϣʱץס˫磬ݺݵһϥײ
ŶղŻʦʱɫǺ죬һʹС


19 
ץҰץ̫ˣȻҵǵף̫ˣ̫ˡ
ͷǸ꾯һŭָ󺰵
ԱߵķԸȫȥҪŤס˫ֹۣˡ
һΣûз콫סǼˣղŻáҲһ
˫ȻסˣĽſɵģɲԸΪͼһʱ죬ٱһš
ղ㻹ϴˣۿˣ㻹ʲô˵Ǹ꾯ݺݵصһۣҴ
ʱֻˡ
һᣬ绰Ҫҽߣ
ֻ֪ӦǷǱ߽ˣ绰Ӧþֹ־ֵľֳġ
ҹ绰زҪӹˣҪǻһˡҴߣǸ꾯һɣ˵
绰Ƿ־־ֳġ˻һǸ꾯ͽһ¡
ץ죬ҲѯʵĿͶ꾯졣
ȿȣǸҪִܲ飬Ȼ绰ҪǾ͵߰ɣ
һĻǿһ£ѵСʲôⲻܣҪбĻôܵڻûõѧλ֤
ǣҪûʲô̵Ļôҵžˣʱ
ι˭ùֻǱصһİ룬֪ղûв´
ãͬѧ𣿡ֻﴫһЩ̽
ǣǣѯʵ
ֹ־־ֳʯ˵ҵϽһС鷳Ӧܹ
ǱߵʯȻҪ屧ϵĴȣǻ仹ǱȽϵ֡
ǾͶл޾ֳˣͬѾˣ˵ôЦ˵
޾ֳһŶ͵꾯죬ƺɫ΢΢˱䣬ѵСʶ־ֵ޾ֳ
õģѵ绰ǣҺ˵䡣
Ǿֳ˵л˵һ΢ЦİֻݸǸ꾯졣
꾯ЩŵĽӹֻιǣ
ңʯ
Ǹ꾯ʯ֮ɫ̾һࡣ
޾ֳãдѧɳĸţţ
ֻѰڽִһ¾ˣҪֵ̫ѵ绰ͬѧٺ˵䡣
ǣֳ
ţżһЩЦݣֻݸ塣
õģпһ޾ֳԷֻ΢΢ͷ͹˵绰
˵绰ţæȥ
ţ˰ɣЦЦţʵ
Ȼ齻ǽͺˡţһѾ˹ϵЦ
û취ղŶ̬̫ˣҪǱǺˣɲ֪ʲô³
λټˣ֣Ц˵
˿Ŀŭ𣬲ӸղŵǼУҲ֪ǲġ
ǰʱ򣬸˼壬Ȼת˹
ˣһ£֪λʦɲ԰ҵѧλ֤ң
ҧҧʮָıŭһΣȴ˵һ£ȥù
ĺףȻʶֳ˭ұ֤ʶһľֳѧλ֤ƻ⣬ûϵֺα˻ˮ
תȥѧλ֤Цһ
ЩѧУʦѧǽ׼ˣѧʱ򣬲ǲʦĴȫһŽ⡣
أǲˣ̾͸ı̬ȡ
ӹݹѧλ֤飬ᵯ˵ֽʹʮŬ
ʦ֪ʦʲô³ôȻЦ
̧ͷĿ壬֪Ҫ˵ʲô
˵ʦ͸Ƶ꿪½Ƕſڣ˵ǲǺ˼
Ļ̲ס˸ЦУѾ˶ħ΢Ц
ΧʦǴл˷ܱ飬û˵ʲôת¥ȥ
ȷƻ͸᲻ᴫȻҪƲһѣƻֻǰ;ʦԽѵ
ڸûָ飬ʲôӰ죬¾ǴˣҲķʷһʰˡ
Ȼ½裬ԼôӾ;Բùˡ
ױɣҵҪֵһԪаߣʲô
һͺڲһεߡ


20 
֪ܿаȫ汬Ľ½ץס֮󣬸߳ŭһ߳½ֱ߷ɣؿڵ߹Ƕ˺ü
һĻʲôǡ˽ʽİ顱½൱ڱ߷ɵɰ
ЦЦжаߵĸӦѾˣ½ҪǲֱͲһˡ
˽ѧ¥徶ֱУſȥ׼ȥе4Sȥ׼һ
廹ûߵУſڣͿǰ·ϣۼһȺˣȫͷԱߵ¥Ͽȥ
˳ǵĿ⣬忴һɫȹɫ԰ףԵýŮ¥ıԵϸСȣڲϵĻεš
ǿؿŮƽ͸ž顣
ʱ񡣡
ʱ¥Ůӣػȥʧܳͷ¶һ

ǰ壬͸оһĵۣʧܳͷȻǹ¶һҲʵ̫˰ɣ
£ǾԲԼʧˣֻҪһ°뱲Ҫ¶һһ󲻺
׼˵壬̿ʼ۲Χ
¥µȺ˵ǰ棬վż죬Ǽ첻ϵĺȰ˵¥ϵǸŮǸŮȴǷδţҲ¥ɱ󺰴С
ھЩѧȻû˺ǸŮвóԼֻʼ¼
˶ôû֪ģмѧ;һȰ˵ǸŮġ
ΧЩ˵Ľ̸УҲ֪ǸŮ֣ѩ
忴˿¥ſڣֹ˵ȥ̼׼¥ѩ
£ҪŽȥĻûʲôˣϾҲ
ڸϲ¥ҪѩĻֻܹ취
˫ĿڶԵѩͬʱĴҲڿٵתš
ѩ¥˲䣬׭ûпڿнס
뵽֮̾Ϳʼʱĳ
˼ʽ֮ܿʹ¹˳ûгһǽշĳޡ
Ϊ˷ֹ⣬ѡʹ˶ǽշʹ˶зһǾֲ֪һ鲼Լİ
Ϳʼȴžѩ˲䣬ڵȴһʱͻȻԼһǧ㾭ûʹá
̾ļֻҪһͿѧϰܻսˡ
õЩǱ㣬ٴȫ˾ָϣľֱָӾͱʮ㣬ﵽ˰ʮ㣬ԪҲΪ400/400
ָǴﵽʮ㣬ѪǱ150/150ǳʵټϷ׭㹻Ӧ
ոռӺǱ㣬Ϳ¥ԵѩվˮȻ˫ſԥǰȥ
׼õ壬˫һţԱһ㣬ֱӾʹ˳ȥ˲¥ǰĶû˿ͣ٣ֱӲһ¥Ĵ̨ڿն
ȻֽϵĲ漸¥Ĵ̨𽥵ԽԽߡ
зÿʮ׵ĳٶȣѩմ¥ʱ򣬾ԣһ§סϸ
ˣ
һƵײ屧ѩ˵ϡ
ΧЩѧ;ȫɵɵĿ壬ЩԼ۾Ϊղŷ飬ʵ̫ˡ
ۿһһӰܵ¥ǰȻһԾż¥Ĵ̨¥ĸ߶ȣǸ¥ɱѩȻ
֩ɣҲ̫˰ɣһ֩T
̫˧ˣ̫˧ˡܹңһһβߣȴŮʱ˫ۺĵĿıӰ
վŮԱߵļһŮģȫǰ̿ˮŮĻȴǲΪȻ
椴¥ҪҽӵĻǸҿ϶Ǹ³һңǷˡ
ǸΪʲôû£ЦôܲŴ̨¥ˣû
屧ѩ䵽֮ûΧЩˣоһû֮󣬾Ϳȥ
ÿʮ׵ľ룬ѾҪӰˣԣΧЩ˾ֻĿĴǵʧ
屧ѩһ·ۣܿѧУƫƧһǣ㲻Ѽܣżʯʡ
ѩʯϣȻվĿһԲ


21 סһ
ֲ֪ϧԼҪɱûйǹԼ˸ܵŮʵûʲôøС
֮ѩûУֻĬĬᡣ
ΪʲôҪɱ֪֪жҪȥȴֻһʵ
ǰȷ˵Ҫȥѩ¶һЦݣ˵
ѩĻüͷ΢΢˼Ҫһ
ôˣѵʲôصĲ˻ûиղô䡣
Ѫѩģȴ͸һ־
ǵҪ棬˵Ҫѩػȥϵͳ̽˰Ѫ
˵ѪҲܹģûеҪ֡ɱˣļ˵Ҳһ˺
建Ķѩ۾
ǰҽԺҽҩ֮Ҹĸ׿ڸңҲǵŮģûǮٻˡ
˵ѩһʹ֮ɫ
ҲܣҪҸߣѩҽԺĺĸ׵ĶԻת
ѩ˵Ҳ̾һ
ѩĸһƫƧСѩΪǲԾ
˭֪֮󲻾ãѩĸͷԼˣʮ»̥֮󣬾һװֵСӡ
ҲûѩϾڻĴͳһһŮãټҲСʲҲͼѩ
齫һӣѩ˰Ѫ֮󣬻Ǯˮһ㣬ΪǶӽɼҵѩĸͺ̯ˡ
ǰΪѩ֪׳˶ôʹࡣ
ҪŲʹĥڻĸһĹ¶
ôҵĻĲҰκá
Ļһѩ㵵̧ͷǰӡ
ӣѩͻȻеһģĵ˵ͷ㣡
ѩĻشͻȻЦˣܹоѩΪβӦĻش𣬶
ӻóһطѩϣ̿ʼųůİɫâ
â˳ѩֱӣܿͽ嶼С
ѩظоЩɫâУϵһӿ֮С
ǹע룬ԭ壬𽥱óӯƤúɢһɹʡ
ʮ֮󣬰Χѩİ׹⻺ˣصеŷ׭֮С
ѩŵĿԼ壬оԼҲû֮ǰС
վһԣһ΢ЦĿѩı֡
ովѩͻȻһҪһԵæַס
˭֪ʱѩͻȻ֣ǿ鲼
ڸʲôЩĿվõѩ
ҪҵľʲôģҪסһӡ
ȫѩɢ˵رǺǾ䡰Ҫסһӡ඼̲ס˼ġ
ȻĲѾˣôҾ͸ˣŷ׭ҶЯĻһ֮ڣϾǰٲˡ
֮תҪ뿪
ȵȣʲô֣Ҹȥ㣿ѩ屳
֪ΪΣѩ⣬һҪĶӵĸо
ԵĻǻټģʱٸҵ֡
˵֮弸ѾܵԶˡ
סҽѩ
ѩӺңң𣬲Ծ¶һЦݡ
ȵ˶ĵطٶȾʼæУȥ
԰ղʲôǸֽҪˣҪ˵ھѵˡѵӺˣôܣ
·ϣ뵽ղŵ龰һڣҪȥ϶ǲɵģ̫ˡ
ղŻ˼ҹ˵ԵټȻܻ̾ȥ˼ҹк˵ˣɰּˣǻԵҪ
һ·ţߵУſڣִһ
ͬѧȥﰡ
ϳ֮˾ʦתͷˣһЦݵʵ
ʦҽҪȥİµ4Sתתɣ
ڻû磬Ҳûʲô飬Ըɴʹȥ4S꿴
Ȼз֮ܵñȳ죬ɵĻҲʵ̫ˡ


22 ˣ㣨ϣ
˵Ҫȥ򳵣һǰµϣ⳵ʦоһĽ֮ɫ
һӣڻûһĳǳ⳵˾ģӲ꣬Ѿ׼µˡ
иӣиӣͶ̥ҲǸ
⳵ʦҲǲ̾ͬ˲ͬ
ں廹֪Ѿ⳵ʦһСˣϾµϳ˵ҲҪʮң͵ˣһ㶼ġ
⳵ʦҲֻǸ̾һ£Ȼ׿Щͷ𿪳ڻŬΪҵװɣ
Сʱ֮󣬳⳵һҰµ4Sǰͣ¡
˾ʦ֮ľͻһ˿˷ܣ߽ǰİµ4SС
µϵĳһ㶼ԵñȽϺشܳҲԺѡ񣬵ǣȴǱȽϲ
һ4SУյӭ洵ȵǺ壬鲻ԽĴһ
4SڵĿ˲࣬ǵķֲڵڣǼˣڴվһᣬҲκ˹к
תͷȥͿЩŵ۳С㶼ûһֻվһ̸ʲôʱһЦ
üͷԭ˷ܵ鿪ʼЩ⡣
4Sûôŭغʡ
ֱʱǱȺ˵Ц۳С棬һԸ˹
ʵڸղոսʱǾѾˣֻǿһĴ磬ʵǲһǮˣҲʮİµϡ
ոյõ죬ʲôûüãϴĻǰTһ̿㣬Ϊ׼ȥѧУûдЬҪȻҡ
ʲôͺŵģԼȥˣ˸ҡ˵֮Ǹ۳Сת뿪ˣȫûа忴
Ļڵһ¾ˣ屾Ҫתߣ룬ȴ
һ飬Ϳʼת۲˳֮Ѱ˼Ƚģȥʶȡ
ȵеĳ֮ҲѡҪĳͣµQ5
ЩͣԵ̫أȻҲȽϲ룬оҪǿֳһŤ
ڰµQ5ԵñȽл˿ҲȽϺʡ
Ƶߵ̨ǱߣһһµQ5˭Ұһ
ĻǱ˵ļ۳С㣬һӶס죬ת´壬ģڻɣ嵽ûôǮ
ǵģ֪ʲôЦһһǳһᵹҪʲô顣
ȻǮ࣬ǹһµQ5Ǵ´ġΪ˳ͷһڶԸһر
óпڷ̨ˢһˢվԱ˵԰æѯһ𣿡
Ա˵ͷ˼£Ȼ룬ܿͿпϵİپʮҪǵתʱһԪѡ
˻֮Щ۳СһӱȫΧ˹
ɣھͰ
Ҹɣ֤ݷ㣡

ЩΧ۳С㣬ЦһһˣҪˣĿ겻ǡ
ɣղźӴҵģھҰɣ
ָŸղǸһ仰ţת뿪۳С˵
ңǸ۳Сһ㶣Ͼ¶ϲɫ
ȥһȻɼǧҲкüԪټϸֱʲôģܼҲвһǧԪ
ҵǸ۳СһЦݵ壬һϢɳ¡
Ҫһͣȵ֮Ǹ۳СһЦݵʵ
ǿ40TFSIͿҪһɣ
Ҫĳ֮۳СϵЦݸӲˡ
ͬĳɲͬȥĳ۸ԽԽߣҲԽߣѡһҪʮѾиߵĳˡ
ȫ򣬻Ǵ򣿡Ȼ֪Ǯ㹻Ǹ۳С㻹Ҫѯһ䡣
Ȼȫ
Ҫװô
ȻҪ
ǹգϳ֮飬費Ҫǰ
ˣ
ԳھͿ԰š
ˡ
ʱֵľͺһԩͷһ㣬Ǹ۳С˵ʲôһڴӦ
Ǹ۳СϣҲԽԽ˷ܣѾԤһΣһա
۳ɣɣɣװɡ
ϣһξͿ׬ȡԪɣȵһµˡ


23 ˣ㣨£
ʵҲֻ֣ɵĻһҲǼǧͷҪڱɺͲ档
鷳ԵһᣬȥΪ׼ֺͬǸ۳С΢΢һЦȻȥ׼ֺͬȥˡ
Ǹ۳СҲûеæ˸͹Ⱥ͵ģȵġ
ڿȺ͵ģֻɨһۣûһƷ˼ڿȣʲôúȵġ
ټףһҪ4SַڳԵĶһƿ϶ҪһЩ
Ǹ۳Сܿͽͬ˫Ž壬ӹ֮󣬾Ϳʼ
忴ͬʱվһԵȺ۳С㣬ȫЩʵĿǸ۳С㡣
ǱΪֻһͨĽףҲһǧԪֻЩźǼԩͷ֮ȫڵóӶˡ
Ǹ۳С㣬һЦݣȴ忴ͬղŵ磬Ϊֻǿ۾ͽ˭֪ȴ鿴
ڹܼͬ࣬һҲܹꡣ忴˹ͬǸ۳СҪڣ˭֪һԵĳպͬ
۳СϵЦݣͱЩӲˡ
ʮ֮󣬽պͬĶ壬ĺͬһ
Ѿ˺ͬݣ㿴ǲھͿʼǩԼǸ۳СϵЦԽ˼֣ڴĿ塣
ֻҪǩЩͬôζнһԪ֡
˼ͻȻֲˣˣһȥ꿴ɣ
ʲô۳С㾪ȵؿ壬ϵı飬˷ܱ˲ţͱβסķŭ
ˣң۳СڵһŤĿ塣
˷ŭԭ򣬼бˣŪգҲʧȥһԪɵۡ
Ҿˣ㰡ղűԴΪʲôҪǵ򳵣㶼磬ҧ֮ǰ֪̽һأ
ķ̣Ǹ۳Сɫӵѿ
ˣȻ򳵣ҲͲڶˣݰݣ
ͷһڶʱȫй˳ȥֻоһˬ
Ǹ۳СǶݺݵص壬ĹĵظòҲûֹ뿪
Ϊûǩκκͬȫ
ȵ뿪ԱߵһȺ۳СҲǴ˹ѯʸղųʲô顣
ܵΧֻͬǸ۳СûǣŤͷת뿪
Ұµ4Sִ֮һ⳵һҰµ4S꣬ҿÿһµ4Sķ̬ȶô
Ұµ4SС㣬Ȼרҵ֪ʶ㣬ڳܺͼǺ˽⣬̬ȻǺģûΪţòȡˡ
ʵСרҵ֪ʶ㣬嵹ǲ̫⣬ΪЩ϶ܲ鵽˵벻˵𲻴ҪǷ̬ġ
ҪһµQ5ʱǸ۳С¶˾֮ɫû뵽Ȼܹµϡ
ղŽӴ壬ΪΣû뷨ȴû뵽һ
Ϊ۳Сķ̬ȣڼ۸ҲûжƽϣֻҪͿԣ󻨷58Wеȫá
ļʻ֤Ϳˣ֮ǰѧУʱ򿼵ģʱѧУѧѧ֣ϱȽϱˣҲͱֱӽ4S￪ߡ
忪뿪ʱǸ۳С㻹һƬ忴һֲۣ֣ЦЦװ˿ڴС
˲ʱ䣬ȵ뿪ʱɫѾЩˡ
ιԪ磬塣ģпûһȥһ㣿óֻ˹Ԫĵ绰ֱӴ˹ȥ
ûǣ˵Ҫ͹ԪһȾƵġ
ˣϴСҹ绰ûпգ˶Ҳһ㡣
϶ƾذȫʰؼˣ׼ڼҹ
ΪбˣϴɭСΪ˷ҹ
һ绰ǣ룬ӦǹɭȴûдӦ
Ϊɭҵݹҹ࣬׼ȥϰ࣬ûʱԷ
ҲЩźû취飬ɭŸտʼܲԼȾưɣ
Һ˺ȾƵֱ֮ӾͿԼĵ²ȥ
²ֻһͨķ꣬ΨһɫܾǷζȽϲ֮ѡ岻Ը뼸ȥǼƵֻ꣬Ϊĸо̫롣


24 ȡ
ڶǸոտʼϻһ±״̬ȥǼƵ꣬ûҫ˼ҲЩڡ
忪ų²ſڵʱ򣬹Ԫǻûе˸طͣóȽ˷꣬һС䡣
ʮֻ֮ˣһͨͲʹ
ģѾ˷ſˣ㵽ˣ
Ѿðˣǵһ£ȥǡ
˷ţͿꡢ͹Ԫվſġ
ߣǿȥɣкһ͵򷹵ȥ
Ǹڰ£зԱѯҪʲôˡ
Ų˵˷͵⡢Ǵ㡢ŹǡӡӼ۲˳⡢ˮƬ߸ȲˣȻֵϴ׻ȼˡ
ģ۽ʲôơĻǰ׵ģһԵʵ
Ҫ˵ơƣͻȻǿģܺȾƣҪȻȻץˣǿɾ¡
ҽ£ܺȾƣҪȻô̽ʵ
ģ㲻صǼйȾƣָ㲻ȣУԲа
һЦ֪϶ͬ⣬֮ǰѹûѿͺȾϵһ𣬵ڲ
ҪܽƵĶͺˣͿ޼ɵĺͼֵܺȸʹˡﰵ̾
ʱ񡣡
ʱ񣺴еƷУѰҳܹƵĵߡ̽ʧܳͷޡ
ѵƷУܹƵĶ̾Ʒ﷭
ش˵ġԪָԪġ񵤣ָģֵҩӦöܽơ
ôʣµľַֻ׭ˡĿܿͷϣЩ棬Ҳֻпܽˡ
ҪûãֻǼһˡа
ģҪǲȵĻǼҲˣ̫û˼ˣԱߵĹ塣
㶼˵ˣһƴ𣿷Աȸǰһơơ
ѾˣõĻȰѳ򳵻ȥ
Ա뿪ûжãͿʼв˶ܿռ˴󲿷ֵԲ
ģ⼸ˣûһģ㻹ⲻ
˰ɣ໨ô꣬òʳˣҪΪĳЩԲеļ仰ͻصʳݶΣҲʵ̫ˡ
һ߼һһ߲м˵
ơһ¶ǣϵҲԽԾĸϺĺ˵ʱľ
Ҳ֪˵ĹҽҩСҩĳ䣬ڰ೤ԪѧУĴѧĵͶ׼ȥҹ
ϯ䣬ҲڵĹ˰֣һ̬˵ڵĹҪǸһЩ⽨ţֽʲôġ
ҲǰɣٲңҲ䵽ȥĵزɣ
һǲŵı飬͹ԪҲЩȵĿ塣
ҪôȣǻڷԣרҵôٵȻҪı·ˡ
˵һʱ֮Ҳ˵ǴںȾơ
Ǻ˵ûҸרҵйصĹҪôȥҽҩҪôҩ䣬Ļֻҵʲôʲô
پһֱСʱ÷ԱæĲʡµ˷ľƵ꣬һ䷿֮󣬾Ͱ˽ȥ
߳˾Ƶ֮󣬱ҹһҲ΢΢еЩ⡣
ƷУóһԼĶͷϣɢһâһ֮͸о˹
ȻѾݻȴͿһи״̬ҪĻǾͲݻǲ֮ˡ
˾ƣϵľɢһգڣſţҲŵһ˿ζ
ˣؼ˯þ
忪ų˳֮УŷǬķʻȥ
ص֮һ³⣬ڳһطԼİͣ˽ȥ
ϴ֮ԶûȲڴϣ׼ȡʱ
ʱʱ׼ֱȡģϵͳʾ˵ȡ˽֮󣬻˯ȥϵڡ
㿪֮ʱҵȡťһťȻ͸оһϮܿͳ˯ȥ
˯ŵʱϾͿʼ췭ظı仯ͼֲϵر任ȻԺ֮С
ΧҲǺ紵һŪ߰ġ


25 ǿ֮
糿͸ϣ˯
̧֣һ´۵⡣
ȡ֪ôˡ
뵽̱þһ壬Ϳʼ鿴
Ѹٵҵ̽ʱ̽ѾҲԭİɫ˽ɫ塣
֪֮Դ˥ͨȥδдܣо鱾ܣʹģ50Ԫ
Ľֻ֮һоǾţƵĲˣ
֮Ѿֱӳһ鲼дֱϣȥˣҲʵݡ
ľϲ֮ھøڴ
ϣܿͷһ³ֵԣԪ
Ԫ֮ĲܹɵʵתΣտԤ֪ÿԪṩ幫һ׵뾶άСʱʱ䡣
һܣĺͱЩ٣һԪĽܣԪǿ
ڵľָߴ80㣬ԪҪתʵʵĻܹӳ400
İٹĹǸûа취ֵģΪԪʱתá
ǣ⻹ҪģҪǣӵԪ֮˶ԿִʱܹԪֵӵ
Ϊһ̲ϣʼ㣬ڵľûеסӵĿܣܹסӵ
Ľʮֵľϲû뵽ӡ޷ֵھǰȻôĲսʤ
ͨǹӵֻҪĹԪ0.1ʱ䣬Ϳӵɾֹ״̬
ǶİM82A1ҲֻҪʮҵͿ0.1ڣӵɾֹ״̬
ȻһССӵϣЯ˾޴ĳ˾ȣӡ޵е׽˺ܶࡣ
Ԫӵ400Ҳ˵ܹͬʱֵ10Űصӵͨǹӵܹͬʱֵ100š
⻹ֻûϿĻֵܹӵĿҪһ
ڸǹ֧ڻѾܹˣȻ⡣
Լļ･һɺ飬ڵѾܹ޼ˡ
ȻһССĻͲܺĹؼǣͲôٶȣܴ
̹˵ĻڣҪ壬ҲǸûпܣʹз֮ÿƶ60ס
ΪΧɱһ˳
ԣֻҪû裬ĳһëǳеϾûʲôΣա
侲侲һиĸ̫ţҪ͵һ㣬ܸǴ鷳ܿƽ˼侲
ҵҵĸĸ˭ңˣһĨʼ̳濪ʼѰ
ڲûʲôǿֻǽϣ̳ǵϡ
һ֮ʹ̳ҵܹĸȫĵߣơ
ƣֵһαưߴ͵ָص㡣۸һӡ
ߣ۾һӾˣܹķΧڣֻҲʮֵ֣Ϊʲôƺ¶۸ôࣿ
Ķ߼۸һ򱶣̳ǵĶ۱׼ʵⲻܡ
ʱĹܵôֱ࣬ӾͶһӣƣ׼ȹЩӻؼңͽƺԼĸĸ󶨡
Щ˺񳡴𣬰սԸˣˣ־ȴԺסš
׼ооԪʱֻˡ
ùһȴǷϴˡ
ιϣ֪绰ңǲʲô鰡
ھԪһЩб仯֮ĵ㣬ͷ˵̬Ҳøӵ⡣
Сѣδ绰㣬ҪҪ֪ͣϲ
̬ȣϲںʿԼİ
뵽ԼǸ3ŸȨܹɣڷϵ룬Ȼܾ
ֻнϣܹʶȨȦӡ
룬ôҾܾ֪ʲôʱпգҵʱȥ߶һ
ôȥ㡣΢΢Щеʵ
Ǿ˵ˣҾڷǬˡ
˵绰֮󣬷϶ԱߵļЦΪǼοˣҶж೤ʱûˡ


26 ɽկ׭
ڷԱߵɳϣżߣ⼸ߵͿͷϲ࣬ͬгڷʩϡ
Ϸѣû˵ô֪أҵѾ;ƿݣ󲿷ֵٶʼ˥ߣǻ췦Ҳδа취
˵ϲߣƤɴȻ˵һȣȴЩ㣬Ծ¶һЩƣ֮ɫ
ϷѣȷǸܹκĲôܵĻֻ֪Щס
һҲǱԼĵǣԱߣһͯ棬ԵЩɵ꣬ɳϲϵŤŤһСһ㡣
ۿҲҪڣæ˰֣ˣˣǶҪģǵ⣬Ӧöܽ񼣬֪廭ܹΰٲԬﻹпϷӦӵĲ
ϰļߣȫʼڴŽϺĻ档
Ҷ˵绰֮Ҳûм˯ϴһȻȥŴ򿪣׼⡣
Ȼһҹʱ䣬ʵ췭ظı仯ȴǸû֮أֻܿ⡣
ԵȻǺܺãȴûûʲô˽ڰ༶ûʲôڸеͬѧ
ΨһеԹģҲǸĹʦʣ廹רȥԸǣҪˣ϶ҲǺù
ĵ忪ʼϰķı΢һЩѾ˵Ҫղѡ
רϰʱ򣬴ӵ̵棬߽һ긾ŮŵģЩš
긾Ůν̣ǲͶҽɷѾǸΰĩڣûκõĿܣҲֻǿ֧š
ͽϣݷϣˮϣϣܹ漣
ᵽˮĻˮȻǲܺӵĴڡ
һĻ֣ȫ̸¿ķǬ˵ķ׭˵ҲҪһԪһţһڵһŷ׭
Щ̸۵ȫЩʵ˵ǬϰǮˣãһԩͷһ
ȴôȻܹǸǮһŷ׭Ǭĵϰ϶Լı¡
Ȼˣ뵽ǬЩ׭ļ۸Щӡ
һ̧֮ͷͿվſ
ʲô𣿡һЦݣ̬º͵ʵ
ҡҪһԱֽϵļ۸Щԥҧҧ˵˳
Ҫʲôģ
ΰĩڣϰ壬ܹƸΰĩôͻȻٷɿ˵ͬʱڴĿ塣
ǿԣҪ
Ҫһ򡣡ϵڴˣһȻ;
ı飬ҲüͷܹóòһѵҪ۳۷׭
ԲУԸѷ׭͸ҲԲۣܽǹأ
ˣƷ̫ˣɽկԱ˰βĻߵЧҲûʲôֻƷʹһ꣬ɽկֻܹһΰˡ
Ƕڲ˵Ⲣûʲô𣬶ܹѲκá
ɽկ۸ֻҪƷİٷ֮һҪҪһţ
һȻ׼뿪ʱͻȻ˵
һȵĿ壬ϰԼƷɽկ棿鿴ʵ̫ˡ
ɽկƷȣʲôͬ
ЩĶˣٷ֮һļ۸ζţֻҪһԪͿԹһɽկ
ɽկһԵģƷʹһ꣬Ȼܹκò
ؿһᣬջǾĻƷɽկ涼ģӦûбҪƭˡ
ʣĻóһɽկͼææĳţ˸żȥ
Ϊΰĩڣɷ֪Ѿûж೤ʱˣҲԸҽԺﻨǮ͸ɴصԼļ
صҵʱɷ϶˲ˡ
ˣҽԵĶŹǣȥϴϴ֣׼Էɣ
ݵɷԾææΪԼһĨۡ
ȱæˣȥĻְһŷ׭ھʹϣûá
ɷ֣Ҫɽկϡ
ѽЩƭ˵ģͲţҽԺҵ̣һССķֽʲôá
ɷѾûˣ׼ʱҲɵɵĿһĻ
ɷϵŷ׭ӨӨ׹⣬Ľ˶


27 
ڰɫâ£ɷϣ¶һʮı飬ھһμƷܡ
ʮ֮󣬰׹ɢȥɷϣֻʣһСҽ
ɫѾúһģɷͣǾϲ֮ɫˮ̲ס¡
ɷȭͷֱۣЩŵ˵ҵĲˣ
ߣھȥҽԺ飡
ɷʣҲ˲ñģֱӾɷţֱҽԺȥ
ּ֮ڵﻭ˼Сʱķ׭ʱ䵽磬Ҳ͹˵ų緹ȥˡ
緹֮ʹڵһŵԣһߵŷϵ˾ǰ
ڲŸոմѧҵ༶Ⱥﻹ֣춼˳˵ʾ֡ͣ
Ǳˮͧһ¶˵ֻ￴ű˽̸˼ĵطЦ
㣬ڿŵӰĳ͵ˣһӳֿϣڷ˵ҲֻͨϾŷ׭۾գգ
ڳϣܲһ˿𶯣һ·ʮֵƽȡ
һСʱֿ֮ϳͽһһռĴıǰͣ
ո³Ͼʹӱӭ˳ĺ棬ż͵ߡ
һȥЩȵķ֣Ϸϵͳб׼⼸߾ȻȨ
Ȩб׼ûеôߡ
СѣͣҸе֮ϷˬʵЦ˹
Ҵ˲Ŷԣ
Ϊһ£⼸˶ҵѣ˵֮ȫҪʶһ£ðʧ֮°
ϿˣҪʶһЩ೤ʶأ
һ֮ͺͷһűȥ
ڱſڵʱ򣬷ʾߣҲû˿ֱӾʹ󷽷ĵ߽˱
ɴ࣬õķϣʱЦҲǽһ£ܿͻָ˹
ļߣһĻҲһĨ֮ɫ
ǣڸͲںǵ̬ȣҪֻҪȨĹϵﵽξͿˡ
ϵǱȽ΢ģһϵǳãֻҪЩȨƵ飬æܹﵽҪˡ
˱֮󣬼˾ͿʼƷ죬һ֮󣬱߲ɫߴٵķϣоղˣ˵˽Ŀġ
СѣҼǵϴĵͿϷ֪ǵЧô
ϵѯʣĲ豭ЦЦ˵԰ΰٲϷԿͨǻۣ
˻һǼߵ۾һ
壬㿴ҵ壬ܹ֧Ŷ೤ʱ䣿
ȷ˵ΪǸߣȲĿѯʵ
ɨһߣѪԪȻܵͣȴûм٣ҲǷһ˵
ϼûˣҲûв֮ģȫǴ޿쵽ˣ忪ʼȻ˥ߣǲԭӰġ
ûûˣǴ޿쵽ˣǴȻĹɣҲøı䡣
ϵɫȻ뵽ʲô͵̧ͷһȻ塣
ղ˵㲻øı䣬˼ܹıˣ
ϵʮּ΢΢ЩЩ̳УҲ޷
ӳõĵҩǺƣøȴҪ췣
üͷԥһ֮󣬲Ż˵
ʵЩںĿľΪñ˾˺ܶ࣬ӶϸӸм
СѣֻҪܹٶ꣬ұк񱨣һ֣ص˵
ֹԥһȻŴӻóһö񵤺һ֣صĵݸϣ֮ǰƵͬʱʹãԱһǡ
ѵͲܹӳ𣿡Щʵ
͵˵Ѿ;ƿˡȻöҩ԰ӵͣĵѾˡ©ˣҪŷ׭޲ŷ׭ʱֻһꡣԣҪĻҪÿһµķ׭
˵һӱøΪֻܹٶһ꣬ղѯʣҲֻǱһϣû뵽Ȼķ·תˡ
Сѣĵҩͷ׭Ǯ
ҩһǧ򣬷׭һ򡣡˵˵ֻһǧһٿһ
ãˣϾתˡʮּ˵
ǰҲ޷侲͵ġ
ѯ˺֮Ͼֱӽһ£ȥת˵顣
˼֮յһţпոתһǧһñҡ


28 㲻ʶ
ȻѾյǮ嵹ҲǸɴֱ࣬ӾͰѻ񵤺ݸϡ
ֱӷãЯžͿˡ
˵֮̾ȲĽУȻԼؿڡ
۴ĵҩڼһ΢ϵȫһ飬еһܣ˯һǰή״̬һɨա
ͬʱоؿڵķ׭ɢһ΢ȴϵůȫһ˿һľй
ֻϵĸо˵ãΧļߣϵı仯ȴǲԾ¶˾ɫ
ĿɳڵƤĿʼýϵߣҲ𽥵ر䵭
Ϸһб仯ֱһ񼣡
Ŀһеķڶ߶̬ȣҲԭȵİŰɣڵŲɡ
һ嵱ȻҲ֪3ɽȱ6/10ʱľ̲ס¶һ˿Цݡ
ǣһ˿ЦݻûȫͻȻоؿڷƣȻһѪ̲ס˳
ı˵ˣܵͷϷϵͳԤ£Ϊǿƿ۳һѪ
һϵͳʾˣղںߵ췣ھȻķˡ
췣񻹲СϷϵͳظԤ£Ȼܹ˺ҪûϷϵͳԤ˵ͱֱӸɵˡ
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ȻûʲôڵģҲʵ̫Ǳ
Сѣôˣ
ͻȻѪϺͷȫǼʵ
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ղŸϣ췣ʱΧ˶ֻ۵ֶΣûзϡ
ʱɫ԰ףǻѪȫװģղŵ˵Ҳ߰˷֡
ߵﶼԼͬȻҪۺܸߣȴҲʮֵľְ
СѣΪҸʵҲĶ飬֮ġ֮Ǹм˵
ˣǮƣġ췣ŪңֻҪһʱˡ˰ֳ֣һģ
СѣҿɲԶߣĻԺҲ鷳㡣
ı鷳һСľͻᱻȻһںĹұ˴ĻҲήͷ׭Ч
˵̾ʹͷϾ¹ǲһ˿һʧ
ϵѾԱߵԬæڣ壬㿴һ£ӵĲܲΣ
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򣿡Ԭ¶ɻı顣
˵˵򿪷ȣҲǰٷ֮ңӦףϷζʲô
ͬǼķ׭ЧǵӻǸǣԬڴʵ
ǵӵĻŷ׭ͿԿٷ֮˲ͻһš
׭Ч໥ǵġ
شԬ΢΢Щʧƽ飬Ͼܹӻָ˵Ѿ֮ǰˡ
Ҿ͹һǿϷѣԬһ裬΢΢ƣɳϣ̾˿˵
û⣬Ǿת˰ɣһǿϷֵһڣᣬ˵ļ۸űƵġ
ǼˣĻԾ׹˵Ķը졣
ǮһڣڵҲҪضԴ
ԬϸһĲˮĿɿڴĿ壬һŷ׭ҪһڣǲǷˣ
ղõҲһǧôһǵķ׭Ҫһڣ
壬ΪԩͷôȻʨӴ󿪿ڣҪһڣδҲ̫̰˰ɣ
Ԭɫ΢Щŭ˵
ʨӴ󿪿ڣ㲻ʶΪϷֻܹӵĲսԼıһЩսѧʹÿϷ˵ʲôһԪĺܹô
һĲмЦ˵
˻ķڵˣѾ˼ʮĻºȴ̲סһ
һЩսѧʹ˿Ϸ򿪷£ܾܿͻṥһЩѹء
£˵һڣʮڣһٸڣҲó
ЩǮڸ˵һ֣Ƕһ˵ֻëëꡣ
Թ˵зսĿܣֵҲԶԶһܹġ


29 Ѻ
һԪĺܹôķ֮ûپÿϷļ۸󣬷۸ġ
Ȼ̬ȲԬҲû˵Ϸֵһˡ
һڣˣԬҧҧ¶˾ģȻıףΪӵĲҲûа취
ãԬүʹ죬ת˰ɣӻóһǿϷһ΢ЦĿԬϡ
ԬϲĵһۣȻԼȥתˡ
һᣬٴյţֺһ㣬ЦеİеĿϷݸԬϡ
ѷ׭ڶͷϣȻֱ˺ˡ
ԬſϷһ֪ôʹõģָ
Ϸ˺֮󣬳һ⣬ǸɵԴסȻǸɵֱ˹ȥ
ô£ԬæסԼӣЩżʵ
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ӵĹУǿٵĳ죬Ԭһ۾ߴеѯʣôûʲô
үүû£㲻õģҵĲѾˣ
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ʱԬϾøղһڻĺֵƾκӣϷ;ֵһڡ
壬ллķ׭ˣûŷ׭ĻڻֻһɵӡԬ˵ͷʮָм˵
˻еֻЦ˵һڣ
ĶԬһ㶣˼һЦ
漣ٴηÿ˿Ŀӵ
Ϊλ߲鿴һ壬ֻһЩ겡ÿһȫˡ
æ꣬һԥãǿ˵壬ûĿϷҵľʵ
һҴҵĿϷһſѧңĻҷҷƣȫ˫Ӯ
Щ˷ܵģϾͺҭһ˶ٲ˵ѵûЩϷ׸ңùҿٷչ𣿡
ŶûĻش̸ɴ࣬ȴޱҭˡ
ģֻҪ㽫Ϸ׳ǾԲģҲΪȡõĴϻ˿ּȰ
ʵҸղŵͦģϷһǮǺܺѵǮòˣ
ԾǲģЩͷˣװɵ㶸ӣֱӿڷʵ
ϱһӶסˣͬʱҲ΢΢Щŭ
壬ѵֻԼʹûΪѵͲ뿴ǿ𣿡
ϵԽ˵ԽɫҲԽԽࡣ
ҰѿϷ׸ңܹõʲôһְλִһЦʵ
ϺԥҡҡͷǲܣԸһЭίԱݡ
ЭίԱЦһҵҺǲ֪ȥ˶٣ʲôϡô
ȲǮֲȨܻɣͼʲôϣ¾ɣ̸ˣ̸˺ˡ
˰֣ʾ̸ȥˣһʱýӲ
Ǽⶼˣֵø˵鰡Ϸ˵ЩʲôڰŪô
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ϵɫ΢˻ðʧˣСѣղŵ黹벻Ҫϣ
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ˣǿڵȴǱø΢
Ϸѣ鵽Ϊֹɣǲϣͷ֪ΪҪ
Ĭһ֮֮Щͳ˵
ڹҵжӦףڣΪԼȻҪĴڡһŭĿſļˡ
ˣϷѣǰͲҪˡ֮ô޷Ϊĺȡʱ˵ôûʣҪһΪɢҲƣһЩϷ׸ҡ
ԬϺĽҴ˷ϵĿģȻһںܲˬ׭ȷֵκӵĲȻ𱨡


30 ԭǸ
ߡŭһȴûнԬϵĻ
ΪȷǴ⣬彻ңú󱲻ȡһЩʱ
ڷ˵ޱȲûǮƣҲǷ˵飬ֻҪһᣬͿˡ
ںĽ飬ûзϣύ壬ǾжǾֵύ
Ҳǿ㽻ϣողŻǰкҪȻĻͲذȥˡ
ûнӻڵȻ֪ʲô⡣
ϷѣЩҲ˵˵˸飬ڿֻаѻˡ£ǷѼҾ͵ҵıɣ
˵֮֮űȥļҲæϡ
Ϸѣε̬Ⱥһ¡
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ϷѣǵϢϢأ֮ǰ˼
Ϸѣ㽫屩¶ȥҪļҵΧԼһµʧɣ
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ǲҲһ侯棿ȻĿԬʵ
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Ҳ岻ˬûйΪ鷳Ԭ˵Ҳǰ˿ĸܱӦ
Ȼȷ¶ϲɫԬȴֽ˵ҴּҲ鷳Ҿ͹ܲˡ
˵ϵɫֱӾͺԬɵӱһˣͬ죬ҲΪ˾¶Ϸ϶Թۡ
үүҺλүүһ£үүֵ̧֣һ
˵֮ԬͺԬһ뿪˷ϵı
ǸΪһʶСӣΪ˶๶꣬Ȼȫвң
ֱһӣ輸ϵĶȫɨڵأŭҿŵ̺ҪȻʱѾһصƬ
Ǳŭ󣬷ȴҲֻεĽʵ治ҽϢ¶ȥΪ֪ղǼжô¡
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ЦһʾȻһɫֳ֮Уںҹرۡ
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һβ֪ʵΣԷһʹõĶǶǷ׭
װûзǸ˵ӣȻȻ˳ȥǸڵĵط
ͷȥͿһ˴һҹ£ںڰĽûָʾһʱᣬ廹Ƿֲ
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ڸ񾭷Ӧ£ұ͵̧ץס˵ĸ첲һ˦ֱӽ˦ɣӴȥ
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ղڣ˽ּ죬ټϺ˸ղŵģ廹ûü̬Ѿӳȥˡ
˴ʱлˣǰٻٻټ̬֪˾ȻǸ椡
ҹܵҷʲôѵǴůôЦų
ʲô㲻ֻ֪Ҫ֪һʱġٻٻȴ
ٻٻʱǲˬΪο˻˳û뵽ȴһͷŪԼǱѡ
˵껰֮󣬰ٻٻ׼뿪ȴ
ҹ㲻˯֣ܵҳˣھҪһ֮ô


31 
Ҫʲôٻٻڳһصƣһ䱸Ŀ塣
ߣǰİٻٻЦһûаĿ˵Ҫ뿪ô
ٻٻһץͳһþһлһƬ⣬С
ҪңͿûˡ
ܵĽ⣬ȫûзϣϵĽշԵ¡ֱӾ֣Űٻٻȥ
䣡ƴٶȷɿ죬𶯣γһǿķѹֱӽٻٻɡ
ٻٻղȻʱжԾǱڸ̲סһѪ
ûг׷վԭأĿŰٻٻղ˼ֱֻӾͽٻٻˡ
ڿԸĿ˰ɣ
룡ٻٻݺݵض壬ʾ˵
ҿǲײĲᡣɫһ䣬һţŰٻٻ˹ȥ

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һ
һת÷ڷķȥͿһ˶꣬ڷԶܡ
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겻ϵշתŲĹʵڶ㲻ˣŻ彻֣ÿһν֣˫ʹ飬ʹ಻
ĹȻûʲôʽÿһ¶ƴѸ٣ͲӲҲʮֵѡ
ϵĹ£ҪͣȴҲûʱ俪ڡ
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ǵĿʲô㲻˵ĻҲڽѵһ١
ڽŵµ꣬ʱЩᣬҸղžҪ˵ĺòãͲҿڵĻᡣ
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ͷҲûأһãͶ˰ٻٻĹһץס
֪ҵ֣ǵңʼ䡣
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˾һЩңжйϳһ֯ĿľΪ˽Ա
ڹɵĻ޷ж٣Ҳ֪ǲӦ
ˣһ̽һȫ뵽Ҳԥֱӷ
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Ȼ֪ûж⣬ҲûΪǣ
һҲûУ͵͵ǱסһЩѵҲӦõġ
ǣҲһٻٻĿ⣬ԾǶݺݵġ
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˵أٻٻ˵
˵ʮ㣬ûˡǾ͹ҽһ¹˰ɣ
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ʵʮֵǿֻʽȽϼ򵥣ֻҪǱһʱ䣬ʵͻͽ
ˣֻǶǹ˱ȽϺѡ
ղ˵˳ĿΪԱʮ֣ΰӦûûҵ߶ȥĵزɣ
ǹ˵ĵ˭
ڶ߾ۼһγɵԱ֯ÿһЩǱĹߣ֯ͻǰˣ˺ϸľͻ֯֯ÿԱӵõĴһõ֯ı
ֻǼ򵥵Ľһ¹ˣϾ廹ûмˣʲô˵Щϣܹˡ
ʲôȱ׬һǮһύ˼˵Щ˵ûʲôˣ߰ɣҸûȥ˯ˣ
˵֮󣬾תŷǬȥ


32 ؼ
ȵȡͻȻס塣
ʲô𣿡תƽĿŹɡ
ţԺʲôˣԴ绰˻һЩġ
ߵ˽ǰһſƬݸ塣
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ص֮ڴϣ˼׷ɣ˵ĳ֣һѣչֳĶԽԽ࣬ҲؽܵԽԽĹע
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ڵĹⲻŸշ˹ʣҾ˵ǣôǵĶТ˳ɣ
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ĸ߼Ҫ༸ǱܾˣЦʣС˼Ȼͷĸ״ˡ
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ĸףʲôöûУŪ嶼֪øʲôֻһװĦǺһЩƷ
֪廹ûг緹֮ĸ̾ͳȥ⣬һӷˣ󱥿ڸ
ոճ극ͱ׳һ塣
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ҲҪ߸ĸԼ޿飬Ծ׳˼׼˸׵Ķ档
˭֪չ˫ȴе屻ɱһͿأɾǿʼ
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Ҫ֪ǰ͸ʱ򣬸һһһڣӮˣ֪ոжôĲˡ
Са಻ռѵʱ㶼ڿգ
ô࣬ʮֵĸˣԼԺˣҪ쵽ˡ
ѵҵľָҵ˼άǿҵղôࣿﰵҲΨһ뵽Ľ͡


33 ĸľ
ôܣ궼æ׼ҵҹˣʱϰ尡֣½˰ɣЦ˵Ȼڡ
˵˵Һʤµʱ򣬻ɱɾҵһ㶼û½ĵЦ۾һɣ
Ӧþϰ㴫ҵ츳ˣ̸ĿڣССϰһƨ
⻹ࡣ˵ĵ˵ͷ
һ֮װʮ˵֣׬˲Ǯ˵Ҹô
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ʲô򣿡ˮһԾĿԼĶӣЩԼղǲˡ
ղ˵Ҫ򳵣ˮѹû棬ֻΪӸģ˭֪ӾȻġ
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ͻȻӵ˼ˮĵһ뷨Ƕ˲Ʊпа·ˮѹû
ԼĶӣԼ˽ô˵ˣа·ʲôа·ܹһ׬üΪа·Ǯô׬
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һˮְѷ׭ϣ̽ʵһ٣٣
ʵˮŷֽҲʮǮֶֽǮҲ;Ѽ۸˹
óһŷֽһۣˮͲ²⣬׬ǼӦþͺССķֽйϵ
ҪĻǵٷֽ
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һȥһСӰοңƿ壬û˵
ĸʱôС壬˵ӿڵ㿪ģˣ
ڳ˴󸻺ԼˣڻҪҲһأˮѾ֪˶ӵ룬ȻҲͿ϶ġ
ĻĸЩɻİĿת壬ʲô󸻺
裬˸Ĺһ²м룬أٸһ׷ӣҲ帣
һ¼򣿡ĸҲһ
СַһһȥһţܴﵽǸˡϵĸ˵
⡭С壬ôҪûõĻ˼һ᲻鷳ܹóôǮģ϶һ˰
ĸûΪ׬ôǮˣһǵ˵
裬ͷİɣ׭õġҸһϵʿѧģΪϰЩ׭ҿǷ˲ٵĹأ
˵Żִӻóһĸ׵ϡ
裬ԿǲǸоͷ˺ܶ࣬ú
вϵӿĸеͷһˬո˯һٱ
С壬׭ð
СаȻѧһֻͣĲΪ㵣ˡ
֣裬Ҹѷ׭װţвٺôġȥүүҿ
ĸ˵һ֮һƺһ̳˼š
үүҾǼҲԶҲǸӣ˼Ӿ͵ˡ
ͣſڵ˿ԽҲ΢΢һ㶣ɻ˭ĳ
ӣֱ߽ݣͿɳϣһһ̫̫үүԱš
үү̡
С壬ʲôʱģүүҲľϲ
ԭС尡겻ֳడɳϵǸ̫̫ҲЦźк
ǿһЦ˵ͷк̣
̵̫̫ãԱߵǸӣҲ常׵̺ͱܡ
˵ҺǵĹϵӦǱȽϽģʵȴԶúܡ
꣬и磬Ȼֻ꣬ǰձ㣬Ӧý壬ȴúк


34 
籾ҲûһոձҵĴѧѣܲҵ˵أֺα᣿
ȵŵӺͫ׾ȻһϲԾ¶ȵɫ
ę́ͻƺ¥ΣҪģ飬ȵˡ
ٵģһǼٵģһձҵĴѧôôĶɫѿﲻϵ߶š
ļͥסسһֱЩסũݣѹͿۣһŨŨԽС
ڣǰ۵ݣֵ̾ƣôܹƽ⣿
С壬ŵ䶫Ҫ͸̺ʹ̷ôϣę́ͻƺ¥Σɣ
϶ŵǼٻҪҴһѿ
ʲôࣿС壬ôĶʲô˼˻ȥ
һ䶫ļǮүүֱӾͼˡ
үүû£ֻҪϲ໨ǮҲֵáЦǺǵ˵
ǰ̷С͸ģ°ɣ˵ˣôĶҪ˻Ļ˼ҿ²ⰡҲһ԰Ȱ
ЩɨһۣȻ˵̫߳ˣ֪Ҫʲô
˻ףүүǿӦ䶫Ǿ壺´βôĶ
С壬˵ƣٻر࣬ɱԩǮ
׼̾ᵽȥʱ򣬸ɳƵĿˡ
ô̾Ҳмٻ
˵廨˴Ǯ̾пǼٵģүүȵʵ
̷Խǹ̾ƣԽмٻͼɵǣę́ҺȹһΣƺ¥ҲУҿ԰Ǽһ¡
⸱̬ǻĿġֱ˺ӣóһƺ¥ΣȻȡһУӸ硣
Ǿ鷳æһ°ɣ
ӹӹȥẠ̊́ϸһ£и̾ٻİװģԼֱ治ֲƭˡ
𿪰װȡһϣһ֮󣬸סˡ
⡭ڸоȻĻƺ¥һѵĻƺ¥βǼٻһƺ¥ο鰡ã
ô̵Ŀڸл԰ɣЩ̵ʵ
ȻûʲôҲһƷԾӲ
ę́òҲһƿ㳢Цʵ
ðҵ볢ę́ƿװʲôɫ
ʱҲо֮ЩԾ
ʲôСôˣ򵽼ٻĸһ£ЦǺǵ˵
˴ԲҲû׷ʹ򣬶ֱӰ̾ൽݡ
սݣĸ׾͵˸һۣʲôˣʲôҪ⣬ȫˡ
ĸ׵ѣȻԼеĿġ
ȵ߳ʱ򣬸¶һЩӲЦݡ
С壬㿴һô̾Ƹүү׬˲Ǯɣ̫̫װѯʵ
аɣҲǻڷԣӦԸ͸¶Ķ
С尡˵ѣҪһЩǮתһ£֪ͷǲǿԣɲ԰Ƕɹѹأ
ȻѾĲ̫̫ͣԾӲͷƤ˵
ҵǮѾˣҲûǮܰﲻˡүү̣ﻹ£Ҿˡ
˵֮Ҳûĸѿɫүү˵һת뿪ˡ
һӣ岻κνΪһ˵Ϊʵ̫˺ˡ
߿꣬סԺҪһǮټѧѣüľ׽⡣
Ϊ˻µȥһݶ̹ʱиæҹֱӱ˼һ仰ƴˡ
廹Ǻͬѧһгسתһ죬ҵһٹ
Ҳ˵ʲôǴ常סԺԺʱһӸṳ̂ҽԺ벽ͺǸûһ
ǸҵЩ£ǽ飬ӣסԺҸûһΣݣܹˡ
ҪΪϵͺˡ
常ļ̼ңҲһ·ɫҲṳ̂ҽԺ벽ͲףΪʲôԼ߸٣ȴǵòһر


35 һ
뿪֮վû˵
ļȫףղŵ̬Ϊʲôô常סԺڼ䣬һṳ̂ҽԺ벽ҵĹϵ㡣
㣬Ҳ֪ûȥҽԺˮӦãҵȻʹȥǸ˵˵飬һʱͿ˸ҪǻϣЩ˲Źġ
Ǹĸ׿ˣſǻһĿ̡
ϾѪŨˮ׽ãԼģҲЩˡ
ˣҪ˵ˡȥС˵˵Ҳῴ²ܵġ̾˿οŸĸס
ȻתͷүүкͷӣһˣһȰȰС塣
ҲȥҪȥȥɣڿ캿صģȥˣ
˵֮үүͽݣڴ£Ҳ̽
㲻ȥԼȥҾͲû㣬һȰСˡ
ЩĳţĸæŸں档
Ӹղȥһֱͷһԣ˫ȭ߬ţҧ´뵽һҪĽǮһּĸо
ؼҵʱ򣬸׺ĸڿӣɫѿĴ˵ҲЩ֣Ǻ˭أ
С壬ôˣ㲻ȥ̼ôôôͻˣɫôѿĸ׹ĵʵ
û£ãˣҡҡͷûж˵ʲô
ֵǼ̰ɣĸʵ
ǻ˭ôݣЩ˵
Ҳô˵ϴСˣ治ǣôҲάָϹȥĸ𱸵
ҰסԺûȥһۣȰӳģһʲôЩʵ
˵ֵ̡Ҫǲ⣬Ҳù㡣ĸҲ磬ֱӰӸĸס
±ҰҿǲˣӴ̽ǵ飬ʲô̬Լĸ׸Ӹɴֱ࣬ӰƵһɶ
һ˿أ
ʱŴ򿪣̺͸ĸ˽
̣ĸ׺ĸæк
ȴǸûֻɨ˸ĸһۣȻޱתͷȥְĿƻصĻϡ
ˮʵǵǸģһסԺΪ£һֱûȥǣǲҪⰡ
˸ո£ĸ׾һϿҵĶˮ˵
Ŷû¡ϾһԹΪ˵ⶼȬԺˣҲҪڷˡ
£ĸֻǴȵıʾ⡣
С壬֪㻹ΪǲҪԭǣֻϣܹһ
ʲôˣôصӣ常׵üͷ΢΢
֮ǰһ߼ӹھӪƣʽѡΪתŸĽǮ˭֪ӻûɫЩŸҪˣ˵ҪǻǮĻҪ
˵󣬸ĸһᡣ
⡭һ˵ĸҲñʾʲôĿͶ壬֪ʲô˼
С壬ô˵ݣҪǮĻͰǮϰɣܲ뿴ЩŸĿɣ
û˵ֻޱĿŵͷĸ硣
磬㵹˵仰ĸæĸ첲żشߴٵ
绺̧ͷǺ죬Щɬ壬Ƿ˸ʮܰһϵĻպһİ
һ㱻Цˣ浱ԼǸˣⶼʲôʱˣȻһ˵
һɣ˵
ʲôһ㵵Ŀ塣
һǮɡҪ֪Ҽʲô飬еһھҽʮ򣿡
˼ϵı𽥱÷ŭѾ㡰ˣȻԸǮֱ̫
壬ԼʮĳҸʮȻϡ֪ΪûȥҽԺֻģұŸĿ壬Ҹ㣬ҪǲùҲк³
һĳĺֻҪ뵽ҪǻǮЩ˾Ҫֽţôܲ
ղӿڿʮİµQ5֪϶Ǯϣû˭еǮ򳵣϶Ǯ
磡Ҫٷ裬ЩŸģӾȶ㡣ɫһ䣬ȵ


36 ϰ
壬ҪǸҶһָͷҾͰ
ȻһڸϣȵڵأȻĲӣŴȥ
Ҫʲô壬Ҫʲôĸһ֮һ߼ţһ˹ȥ
㿪ĸףȻ󽫸˴⡣
ȿȡţ˫Ŀǳ޵Ŀ塣
ӻûѧ֮ǰȰڼҪһֱ֪Ļ֪ʲôʱͱ˴
վһԻҪĸĸףЦ˵
Ǯôǲϡ磬ߣǻؼҡĸ׺ݺݵصһۣȻ뿪
ŪⲽأҲǳ̾һתżȥ
ɫ˱䣬Ҳûйȥ̻ؼңιܵЩˡ
ϳԷʱ˳˸ĸǵѪ󶨡
С壬ʲô
ĸװǿƷȥ˺ü飬Ȼѯʵ
רΪͰ׼кǿãܹǵİȫϣԶҪõ
ܹõƵĻǾζţԼĸĸѾɱһΣʱ嶼֪Լʲô
ȻоӺʲôǣĸĸȫûʣԼĶӣȵÿ˵ʱһǵġ
ĸĸָѪ֮һϵƾʧӰˡ
֪Ʋͬ죬ǿһĻ龰ĸĸǱĿɿڴ
˴ʱĸĸȷԼĶӺǵõʲôĻԵˡ
ʱͿŸĸȥһ˳Լһ̨ʼǱԣϰеԵӣûеԻе㲻ϰߡ
һ4S嵹û̬Ȳõ۳ԱʵҲ󲿷ֵ4S꣬ʱ̬ȻǱȽϺõģ޳ʱͲһˡ
ڽ4Sιһ֮ȥһʼǱ󣬾Ÿĸؼˣ򳵿ɲô㣬ϲʲôʲôȻ֪ӲȱǮǻҪȥһ¡
Ȼһڰµ4SãȻûиı԰µϵƫһصңߥŸһµA6L
ӵˮҲЩĶµϵĳʹأҲȽʺص˿Ҳʮϲ
ǣĸȴͬ⣬常ڼû£ÿôõĳ˼Сʱĸĸڴһ£һء
⻹常׾ĽȻĻĸҲʹһ߰ĳš
ڶ죬ٴŸĸȥ4S꣬ѡǿ2.0TSI DSG棬Ȼǽۣᳵ
Сʱ֮4S߰Ϻ˳֮һȫˣҲʽĳΪ常׵ݡ
ȥ·ϣʻİµQ5Щ˷ܵļʻء
ҿĸǰʱõ˼ʻ֤ҪȻ⳵ñ˸ȥ
Ȼ常õʻ֤һ꣬ڻϸ٣ҲûʲôӰ죬һҲڼΧܡ
صӵʱ򣬿һ˿һͣӿڣΧЩȫ¶Ľ֮ɫ
ˮһöӣŸջ͸һ
ǰҼҵǸСӣǰʱ仹Ҹأ˼ҵĶӣĽ
淢ˣԼʮڸҲöʮ򡣡
𣿰ˮһҪӵĸඣ
ΧЩˮЦ˻һɽԺԼĶгϢʲôǿ
½ӣʵһ⣬Ϊ֮ǰûûаţֻשŶ
ŰϣͲֻܰѳͣˡ
ʱѾӽˣĸæڳ͸һ˵ŻһߵųԷ
֣˵Ұǽӵкһסô̽ʵ
ȥȥʲôزġ߿سǣұ߿˳ȥﶼһ͵ڼͦõġ
æŷ˵飬ͷҲֱ̧Ӿ;ܾ顣
ôһ˵һ룬ô£Լӵĵλò˳֮ϰ඼ԡ
Ҹسǻһӣ
ãӱΪȢϱǵģڿҲòˣȥҾߣҵʲôģҺסžͦá
ðɣȥҾߡЩƵĸо


37 㲻ҿ
һᣬĸ극ʱֲĵѯ뷨常׵뷨ȫһ
ΪԼԣ֮󣬿øĸúõ˭֪㸸ĸҪ̫ˣЩ˵ֻǾţһë
ȻĸԸֻЩҾߺͼҵ¹ˣøĸһȽʵ
һҾߺͼҵ磬岢ĸȥĻһˡ
Թ緹֮͸ĸһкͿȥ
ڼҾ߳ǺͼҵתһȦѡһ׿ļҾߣһ¿ļҵ磬ʮ彻Ǯ֮˼ĵַǰѶ͹ȥ
֮Ҳûֱӿؼҡ
忪ųյſڣͿԱվһȺˣɫ̾һ䣬ѵ﷢ʲôˣ
³Ȼóŷ׭ԼϣȻ˫һǰȺֱӷֿ
ϣ˭ѽʲô
˻ҵĽˣ
һֱӽƵȴȫȻ·˲һȥ
ԭЩԹԵˣһ壬Ҳ˵ȫԾظÿһ·
ȺͿʮŰӣ첲꣬ſɵվţʱһ̡
ܿͿ˸ĸʱվڴſڣһŭɫĿЩꡣæ˹ȥѯʵ֣裬û°ɣ
ģû£ˮĶӵ֣ο
ĸû£ŷһ
壿
ʱһŴ̶Ķ
תͿһϱ鲼Ͽ꣬һŵĿվԱߵĸ磬ĿЩ
ûҾ塣ȻŭܣȴƽȻͺ˵ˣıɣǷߵʮ򣬾ǰɣǸ˻еǹ˵
ǷŸģǲǿ˭Ǯ˭ҪǷǮҸʲôƽߵ۾ʮֵ˵
ʲôҲû˵ֻתͷòƵĿ⿴Ÿ硣
壬㿪ôõĳʮ򶼲һѵҪұҲ𣿡ܵĿев̾ͼˣ˫Ŀͨ죬
ϣؼҵʱ򣬾ͱһ˶˼ſڣʱǾҪжһ첲
类֮£ֻ˵һֶǮܹʮ
ȻҲףôһֶ˼Ҳ϶ԸǮҪȻͰǮˡ
߻Ǿ͸һ壬ǵķŸΪǮղرϢѸ翳Ҳûá
ߴʱҪ绹Ǯڸ֮ôͲˡ
壬˵㿪һµQ5óʮӦòʲôɣҪǲǮĻֻǿˣʱһѪͲˡ
ߺǺЦ˵ǻȴ͸һɺ
㿳ɣҵ⣬㲻֣ҾͿ֣
ĻҲһ㶣ԭΪֻҪһ壬ͻʵʵǮϣû뵽ȻķӦ
壬ȻݺңҪɱ㣡˵žҪ壬ȴԱߵֱӰס˼
磬ĸ첲ǷǶϲˣ߽ӹԱСܵݹĿڸĸ첲ϲϵıȻš
߸磬߸磬ٸһʱ䣬һǮ뻹㣬Ҹᰡ߸磡һŵġ
С壬ҪȻȰǮϰɣϾʹǵݣҪǼȣʱ϶ڱ˵ǵĲǡ
ĸĸ첲С˵һ˵Ŀһ߿һΧ۵ڶ
裬û£˵˵ǼͻȻۺ죬û£ǵҲͣ
תͷȰοԼĸס
С壬Сģ
ĸɫȻףʧе
ͬʱҲƿұһӣסϮĹֱӽǱɡ
תͷͿߵһСܣʱһ𾪵ĿԼ
ߣʲô˼ѸĸͻؼҺתĿʵ
ҿĸ첲ҾͿĸ첲ҲǺûӡ˵ˣЩֵܳһˣܲǿֻȥ壬Ҿ㻹绹ǮĺãϾҵλãҲͦüǵġ
вĻѾ̡ĸвˣͲӦüϡ


38 ݿ
ǵҸղŵĻô㲻֣ҾͿ֡һ˵ţһһȺ߹ȥ
뵽ղǵסĹߵһСܣﶼһЩһʱ֮䣬˭ϳ塣
ǼʲôҾͲǽղ֮ȥ߿ηģ̾ŭ
ߵĻ֮£һȺСȫҧ˹
ʱĸԣߵЩСܣһ׶һʮɵľͶ㿪ǵĹȻһ£һĹ
ꡱꡱꡱ
һУߵЩСȫҵĺԭһΧ۵Щ񣬴ʱȫŵú˼
ߴʱҲû˸ղŵĺ壬ĿǻңôҲ벻ϾȻô
ڲһӵʱͽʮСܵĸ첲ȫϣƬô
ٹӾһǹ㣬ҾͲţӵҲ͸㡣߾еǹ׼Ķͷ˵
߻δ䣬ͷѾʧԭأûӦ͸оһɴϴеǹֱӾͱȥ
ϻ̫࣬ƾһǹȻҲвң˫ץסǹǹܣһͽǹɰԲΡ
ǹ˼ͲöǹΪԪػ£ǹ˲һë
ɾʹǹߣﻹͣת·񱼡
ǣǰܵˣƾڵĸ٣̤һ㣬ֱӳߵǰ
壬һߣպ㲻Ҫ̫߿壬ǿĿ־壬ҧгݵ˵
ɵǣպǰץסߵĸ첲һ󣬡ꡱꡱ첲ȫˡ
ɣԺ۾㣬˲ǵˣ֪ôġ
ڵ۵ĴߣԹ޵Ŀ壬Ҫ⣬Ѫһ㡣
Ȼ첲ͷѴʹߣЩﻹҵ飬ȫǿʹվȥ
첲ȫ˵ߣǱСܼţһȺȥ
ȵȣʱͻȻӺ洫ǵһ
ҲһߣߵһߵĸԱߣһŴĶϣʹĹ塣
Ȼﰵ޸磬ĻҲܲӣˣϵĸ磬һ뿪
Ⱥ뿪ʱЩһæóһ·
ȵЩ뿪֮ͿΧĴ˿ʼָָ㣬Ҳ֪˵ʲô
޷˵̫ݣˣһû·ôǮ򳵡
Щ˵Ļֱת˼ţȻЩȫ⡣
˴ţͿĸһĵڴź
С壬ôҸղ˲ҽУûˣĸһ¼飬һ߼ѯʵ
裬ģҺܺãһ˶ûСǸϵʿôֻѧ϶ǰĶѧҲѧһЩҺģ
ȷʵûˣĸҲͷһЩ
ˣ裬ȻݰɣһҪ˴绰Ѹղ鴦һ£ҪȻкܶ鷳ġ
ɣҺֻˣ˵ĸͽ˿绰
ֻһ£Ԭϵĵ绰ڷϵıʱλȫ彻˵绰Ժϵ
绰һͨԷԬû
ιСӣҸʲôǲʲô鷳ҪҸ
û㣬ֻǲֻ֪룬ֻң¡˵Ԭ̾һơ
Ϊʲô鷳Ҫæ׼Цһ˭֪绰ȻΪҪӵĵ绰롣
ʵԬûв´ֻϧûæȻǷͻ飬ǺЩϺ򽻵о໥ãԬǽо໥
Ȼϲ࣬ȴ˺ܶࡣ
ڷϼҵʱԬĲպã֮ǰҲûֻҲֻ֪š
ԬõԬֱֻ֮Ӿʹ˹ȥ˼֮󣬵绰ͱͨˡ
ιֵܣôпմ绰ңԬЩȵʵ
ֻҵĺ룿ôôʱ䶼ûҴ绰ǲǲ뽻Ѱٵ˵


39 ʧ
ⲻóȻ绰ǵ㲻ôԬЦ˵
ҿûô顣ˣ£ˮǼôҲûжףֱӿѯʵ
ôĸ۵ĶǵˣԬһ
ͬ죬ֱĸô⾭Ҳκ壬ռһĵλ
ŸСѣѾҰѸ첲ȫˣǻҸĸæһ¡
һǴʧġԬʮָɴ˵
лˣһ֮ȥ棡
ԬĴʽʮֵ⣬ֻг׵ĽЩС촦ˣܹԼĸİȫ
ǵʱɲܾܾԬЦ˵
İɣʱ֤浽
廹һҪʶһЩȨȻܾԬ롣
͹Ҷ˵绰ת˿
С壬鴦ôˣЩ˵ĸ첲ˣ첻ץɣ
ԭڿŵ常ĸһ߽æǰѯʵ
֣裬İɣѾˡ
ȵ˽ʱЩͼҾߺͼҵĻҲѾˣָǰѼҾ߰ںãյʲôҲװá
ȵЩж֮忴ŻȻһµڲã¶֮ɫ
֣裬ôǶӵ۹ⲻɣ
ĸһȦڵİ裬ȫĵ˵ͷ
Ȼ֪ӿ϶ûٻǮǶѾˣҲͲٶ˵ʲôˡ
ǰڷżҾߵʱһ˴ʱҽԺļơ
ҽǵôǿʹʵ
ǹ۵أҪơҵǸֵҽС˵
һȺȫŰӣŴ࣬һͲʲôˣҪһʹ죬ɾ͵ùˡ
ʲôǵ˵öߵһӱø߿
Ļǵĸ첲ܾͷˣֵҽ﷢飬һľս
㻹ȥǰվһţһǸֵҽȥ
ȥǰȥǸֵҽæӼ˳ȥȥǰȥˡ
ϴǵֻ᲻з˰һСϴŵǣʵ
ų죬û˰㵱ưˣǸСһţЩ
ϴǾܷŹǸСӡôĿһسôԺͶûˡһСߺ޵˵
ҵȻŹڡҸ첲֮㿴治ëһҽ绰ǸСץô˵ĸ첲ˣϹˡ
߼˵Żʱ򣬴Ӽ߽죬Ա߻żװͦӡ
⼸죬ߵҲ΢΢һû绰ˣôоˣ
棿Ϊ׵Ǹߵǰʵ
ҾǡֵЩǰؾû㰡ǰľ߾͸оЩԾæЦ˵
Ȼˡ棬Ǵ֤֤֯Υ߰ɣ
Ǹ˵ţóһ˫ֿ˫ֶʹҲ̲סһҽС
ȵȣȵȣֵܣǲǸˣǿʹæ˵
ѵǵĻûдǸ˿Ϊץסߵĸ첲Ҫ
ֵۣۣܣҴ绰Ҵ绰𣿡
绰ԣñˣʲô
ǸԱǼװӶһۣһĨĹâ΢΢˵ͷȻͬߵ
ëҵֻóҽ򡣡һĶһԵСܺ
ǸСæ߹ûй۵ֻ֣ߵĿڴͳֻͨһ֮󣬾ͰֻߵĶϡ
ιͬҪץңҰҽԺ绰һͨ߾Ͷֻĺ
ȵߴ绰֮󣬺ļҲ˹ߵЩСܷ׷׿ϣӴΥ
Щ˿֮ЩҲߣڵʲôˡ
ٹʮ֮󣬾һӣһȺ죬¥ＱҴҵ߸Ϲ
Ǹ־ֵģô㵽ץˣûеأ
ǸӾߵһȺǰŭʵһʦζ


40 ԸŮ
ӾߵĽкؾֳָ
ӵԼСӵĵ绰֮󣬾ͲԼֵĳ¼ֲû˳ȫھ
֪̾ˣץСӵģӦǴطľ죬СӱץˣôҲѲ˸ϵ
ԣ̾ʹһЩ£ææĸҽԺ
߻ûбߣͰһΪ˽ʹЩʣ׼һˡ
ЩʣΪ׵ǸЦһһԡ
ķӦҲһ£ʲô˼
ͬ־ΪԱϵǻйᣬһؼίһµɣ
ʱһ˺Ķͷȥֻһˣһ֤Ŀ
һĻˣȫˣôҲû뵽ղŻĺֳھȻҪίˡ
ֻо˫һҪ̱ڵأΪֻҪһξܹȻ£뵽أ
󣬺һ˾ȫߣЩ죬ɵ㶵ĿһС
ǸղŻźڵĹȴֻվһ߿ί˴ߡ
ץ֮󣬺һ˵İķǳ죬ߵֻ̣ǻ˼ʱ䣬ȻǾͱص˼档
ʹϢѺǵʧ𣬺ﻹһȫûӳ
ȻЩ岢ֻ֪֪߻ĿɽԺҲˡ
ڼֹʮ֮׼УϾﻹһҵ̣Ҳҵˡ
Ӽ͵Уסʰһ£ɫѾˣԹһϷ£Ҳ͸ɴϴ˯
ڶϣԹ緹֮󣬾ͰǿͣӪҵ򿪵ţ׼⡣
屾ΪֻӰϾЩ׭ļǮѾĻִˣһ˻治ҽӡ
ǽȴЩԤϣŻûаСʱһٸһСк˽
ֻٸһְҵװİ׳ǰĸʶͲȹǱαýġ
޳ɫ˿࣬ǲһ˫߸ͷƤЬͷ΢΢ɢԺüۼתһɳķ顣
ãҪʲôʵ
ҪһɽկһٸĿĺȷ
ףȻ֪ɽկһǱ˽ܹİɣЦʵ
԰˵ģ˵ķ׭κɷĸΰΧˡٸ˵ͬʱӹһ˿ɫ
ٸ˵͸оЩͷʹˣڻ˵ҪǵԺ׭粨ִˣƺܿͻйҲŵ
ȻѾ㹻ԱܹҲһ鷳¡
ͲҵУЩƵʵ
пУɷĸΰܲԼȬɣ˴ҽԺõϢɷĸΰĺˡٸգգۣЩ˵
ٸ˵ѾԤ鷳ˡ
ɽկһлһԪ
쵽̨£ų̀ڣƷȡ׭ݸǸٸ˵
еķ׭Ǹٸ۾΢΢һæݸһԪȻһùŷ׭
Сǣŷ׭Ĳͺˡ
ٸһԵСкȻַ׭ϡ
˼֮Скϵŷ׭ͿʼųɫĹâ˳Скӡ
ɫâĳ֣ٸһһ˷ܵĿСкϰɫâı仯
Ȼ׭ĹЧˣһؼҵʮ죬ҵ˲ٰɣվڹ̨壬Ƶʵ
ؼҵʮÿ춼вٵ￴ϧһֱڣòٵʧ顣
ٸûתͷһ߹۲Űɫâı仯һڻش
Ŷҵĵ̺ܹעЦ˵Щر˼
ٸȻһ͵رתͷЦŶ˵Ҳÿ춼Ȼ֪Щ顣
˼ʮ죬ΪһСкθð˵һ᲻ţЦЦ˵
ٸʱҲԼ©ı飬֪ԼѾʶƣҲͲΣһ˦ٲ㷢¶һĵЦݡ
Ǻô˼ֻһʱСģһС©ֱӲ˼ңһҲأ
ٸ죬Ƶ˵
֪ٸǹģǿǰһĻ¸̲סһɻ
Ѿˡ˵


41 
ʲô˼Ǹٸıһ㶡
ļѾȥˣ̲סƽ˵
쵰Ǹģٸҧгݵ
ʱǸСкϵİɫâҲʧˣٸæѯʵСǣڸоô
ҵͷˣҲˣ°̣ҵĲѾˡСкһ£ϲ˵
ŮȻѾ֤׭ĹЧǲӦøſڹ̨ϣһ΢ЦĿǸٸ
Ǹٸվ˦һһͷ㷢óһƬݸ壺ʶһ££ְڹرж
µҽܣһ㶣ӹƬЦǾȻôע⵽ˣⰡôҲҽˣӦ˽ıԼ
ǵְǼӹڵһ쳣¼ǼȻĺܺãԬͻȻ£ȴûġ
΢ͷЩ˵
ȻǾͿʼңټɷΰȬ飬͵̽ң˵
û֪ķ׭κɷĸΰ֮ǾݴƶϣӦ˴˵еƷڿʵȻԤϵһ
µĻҲ΢΢һǻ֪Ϸ飬ôͻ鷳
򲻵ѣǲԸ͹ҶŸɣ㵽ʱܹҲһĵ³
Ӧİɣ˵°ͣԳ˵
һҪ˽ܹķ׭࣬ǵЧǶڹҵļֵºԥĽԼȫ˵
Ȼˣ㲻Ŀ˼࣬Щ׭ȫ˼ң˼ҿǻܸлġ»һתһۣЦ˵
ȿȣۣҳԲóһŰֽдַ׭ЧȻݸ˳¡
˿ϷЧַ׭Чʵд˳ڿϷдֻƳմǡ
ֻҪѿϷЧ¶ȥֻĻùҴ󶯸ɸꡣ
Ȼڸ˵ַ׭棬Ƕڹ˵ȴ̫
ַֻ׭𣿡ɵĿ塣
һЦ˵һóº޵Ļ£
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壬Ҫŷ׭ȥһǶڹҵļֵ¶Ź̨˵
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û㸶Ǯ²˲ԼͷЦӯӯĿ塣
Ͱ׭ļ۸ˣÿһŶҪرлһżֵԪķ׭Ҳ
Ǿû취ˣҿ⣬ҪѱǮջġҡҡͷ¶һĪı顣
һŷֽҿɲΪжߵĳɱˣÿһŷֽһٿǮΣ
ֱӷ˸ۣû˵ôȥЩǰЩղϼ۸㣿
µɫҲ΢ЩΣ֪ԼղŵĻȷе̫ˡ
㻹Ǹŵأֻܻȥʽˡˡ̾һСкתȥ
ȵȣܹشһ⣬ôҿŷ׭ڳߵſڵʱӺ洫
Ŷôʰɣ˵Ļ˼һġ
Һܺ棬Ϊʲôû׷ҼһЩء
֪ĵĹҲһֱǱȽǿӲģô
һҧʮ¾ѣһΣԶĿֲˣðѷ׭ˡ
˵仰֮󣬳µıЩȻӹŷ׭֮󣬾ֱӴСк뿪ˡ
Ȼ¸ղ˵Ĳ岻ͨղŵĻҲǲһ˾Ųʮ
رжǹһ˺ܴʧԺжУͱС
û뵽Ȼôͱֵע⵽ˣ⻹鷳ʵڲеĻֻǰ̹ˡЩյ
տʼ̵ĿľΪ׬ǮԬϵһԪ֮󣬶ڽǮѾûʲô׷ˣ̶˵Ѿûˡ
Ҫ׬ǮĻԬϼ˵Ȧӣȥŷ׭һܼ򵥵顣
ǣ־ãص̵ĻܾܿͻһЩΪòƣֻܼܼĥʹȥ
Ļ£


42 Ļ
Ļ£¡õϷϵͳ㣬ӦΪһЩˡÿĵһƷڱʹʱ㶼õһľ顣һƷõ0.1㾭飬Ʒȼÿһõʮ
֮̾ͿʼΪֵһȶľֵԴˡ
ԭԥ飬̾˾ǬһҪȥ
ˣҪǬ׵ĴȥȵպѧְҵƷҲҪһۡ
еĲˣˢġֻ֡Ҫ岻ϵ׭ôľͻ᲻ϵ
ϧǣֻеһεƷܹľ飬ҪȻĻԪĵȼܿͿȥ
˵ƷȼƷƷֻһ׭ȴƷշ׭һǽշȴһƷ
׭ĵȼָѧϰҪһƷʦѧϰģһ׭ƷʦѧϰģǶ׭
ڵԪ400㣬ղżһ£ҪüĻܹǵģǵĺʮһǵģҲ49.2㾭顣
ֻƵĻɹļʻߴٷ֮ʮ࣬ǳļȴСֻаٷ֮һĸʡ
ΪҪʵ̫ߣֳɵΪҲѻƳ
ڼ֮巢ֻƷ׭Ļ˷ʱ䲻˵Ҳֻܹõ36.8㾭飬üࡣ
ȻֻʱģֻҪԺĻǿܰٷְٻƳĻǾͲǼģʽܹȵˡ
컹û׭̾óʮſհ׷ֽȻȻһ˲䣬һַֽɻңʣµǳΪ
ǼȻƷļʲ̫ߣʤڷݣȶЧ
Щ׭սƷﵥţȻԭȵЩ׭Уҳ˶ʮһŵһεƷ
ʮŷ׭ʹ彫Ҫõľ飬ֻҪʮŷ׭ʹãͻõ90㾭顣
ڵĵȼļֵ100/500ֻҪİٵ㾭飬Ϳ弶ʱͿѧϰսܺˡ
ֻҪ˾ʱ䣬ͿԻ㹻ľ
ʱһɫƣʮݵ˴˽
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ϰ壬һθķ׭ܹκô೤ʱܹЧǸЩʵ
ܹκĲܹ̾Чֻļ۸Ƚϰ󡣡
Ǯ⣬ֻҪκҵĲʲôǮҶܽܡǸ˻˻֣ں˵
ʱע⵽ϵĴŴ͸һݻϢһ֪ҷͬһ㡣
Ǳߵֽм۸ԹȥܽܵĻ͹Ǯ
һԪǸֽϵļ۸Ǹ̲ס
ǸûϵǸǿϷֻһͺˡԽ͵
ļ۸ǸҲǰ˿һܹóģҪһڵĻúúõ
һɣһ˵ţǸһóһпݸ塣
֮彫пˣͬʱóһŵһεɲŹ׬ȡĻᡣ
׭ôãŷ׭ϷȥĿ֮ʵ
ţһ֪ˡ
ǸһɻĿ壬ʲô˼
˼֮ϵķ׭Ϳʼųɫâ˳ĸ첲
֮󣬰ɫâջеķ׭С
ôĲӦú˰ɣ
ѯ˾ѣܵԼ±ǿ׳壬˵Ǿϲ
ôܣ漣񼣣Ȼڶ̶̵ļڣҺһ̫˼ˡ
Ǹվ˷ܵ
λѾǮˣĲҲѾˣǲǸ뿪أ
˼֮忴ǸԾ˵̲ͣס˵
Ǹվһߵ壬ʱ˫ĿŹĿ
Сֵܣ֪֪ķ׭жôǿ󣬺ҺܹǮˡ
ˣллҶǸȤ


43 
˵ǮƹþͺãڵʲѾ㹻ˣҪôѷ׭֪ȴȥ
Сֵܣ𰡣𲻸ȤҸ㰡ҪǼһȥݡȲ˵ж㣬˵жܹ𣿡
˵Ĳ֮ûиղŲģ̾ͿʼĭɵȰ˵
Ϊһ̺ƴϺ꣬Ȼ򲡴ڰ״̬԰ҵԾ
׭⣬ҲҪʲôҵɵӶ̺ܿľ޴ҵֵ
ЩˣղžͲĸáЩε˵
һǮģҵġ԰æԼĶ
ҡҡͷѹã˷ܹȵˡ
ʵ԰˵ļǮ⣬ҲƷ׭۸񰺹ֻһСܹѵ
˵Բˢ飬Ҫֻ취ۻҵһȺ
۵ĻвʣϾЩ׭ֵǸۣǲ۵Ļˢƣ϶ܵӰ졣
ʱ԰ĳ֣ȴУһЩͷ
ͨװЩƷķ׭ӪһƷĻ·Ȼ⣬ȻԺгʼ֮Ҳῼǽۡ
ЩͨˣǴһЩɽկǣȻһƷҲһܹβ
СֵܣȻԽǮȤǿ㿪ΪβˣѵͲķ׭𣿡
Ǯ޷壬԰˼һתͻ˸ǶȰ˵塣
ÿܹķ׭࣬ҲͶʮţʹõǵĸֻšԣҪ뷨ǲʵֵġ
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ˢĵһη׭岻Ʒ׭
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ֻҪܹʮŷ׭ȥУûȤ˭ƽȴ͸¶һ˿
ãȻСֵܴӦҵҪô֮ĺҲǴˡȥⶨͬȻ԰ȭЩ˷ܵ˵
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ʲô£ҲǲŸմĵ뿪ô
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׼ͱ˺пص֪ͨһ¡
Уڹһûо׭֮ǰ㲻ܹдģۡ¼ΪɴĻӦ
ˣҲͬ⣬ֻ֪ͨһͬͬ⣬һϵûУ˵ֱ֮ӹҶ˵绰
ڷǬ̬ôã뿪̬֮ȴôӣʮֵĲˬһֱϷŪĸо
壬㲻ôιι壬Ļ쵰Ȼҵ绰»˵һ룬绰ʹһæ
ȻŸո뿪Ǭûһᣬǳ´ʱĴѾǱһģҲǷһЩ仯
ϰһɫĽTذһԸʣ洩һȿ㣬¶Ź⻬ϸĴȣһ罫ȫ˳
ͷԭ΢˳̷Ҳԭ欣ڵ崿
۾ˮģÿգ۾ʱȵļΪϲ
ֻʱʮȵŮڶݺݵš
Ҫ忴˳´ʱģ϶ᱻһȻüۼ仹ЩƣǰȽҲʮϡ
ֻ֮﷭һ룬ֱӴ˹ȥ
ιϴȥ̽Ǹ壬Ҫͱ˺׼Щ׭ǲҪȡʩ


44 ŷ
Щ׭ĳΣڹûдãֻ棬һЩͳ˹
Щ׭ȷʵǿּҩڸ˵ʮĶǶԹȴСϾһ˲ṩһҵҪ¿͹۵ط
ôûпܣƷ׭ļڸǣܿ뵽һ취
Բϴֲǲ֪Щ˶ЩжѾӴˣҲǿбЩε˵
ˣǴ⡣ŷŭŭȣ»ӵ
ˣǸΣڹûвԣܿƽԼƽȵʵ
ûз¼ûвȺãûǵǰ˵ӦûвԡǣıļǿǵģһûŹ
ȻĻǾȥɣҲΪһ¡˼һ֮ľϡ
ϴɱˣǹһֱпɶΨ壬׭ֶӰֻ²̫áüͷ𣬳ѵ
ǾԼȥɣ˵Ļ׭ҲͲˡ˵
ķ׭ȥãҪȥˣǾ޴棬϶ۺ죬ʱţԸֻµʱֳ鷳
ʼվã˺ܶණһ壬һּΣյĸоͺһͷʷǰһ㣬ǱʶŭĻǽһѡ
Ǿֵ֣ղ˳ʱǲɽյرж֪ʵ裬ʮŵ˵
ֻԺǳ鷳㶼ˣȻ֪ԼϴȨܴ󣬵ȴԾ̲ס˵
ȻǷͬһ㰡ǵİٱħŮȻҲ˸߿ǱߵЦЦû⡣
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ˣȻѾɣԼݼˣҾͲˣ˵֮͹Ҷ˵绰
̾һȡһñӴϣ¶һɰЦݣıȺ֮С
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ҪٴгĻͱҪʯ쾪عĻԶûһĻᡣԣǵһҪٿŷᡣ԰־˵
ٿŷ᣿ȷЩ߶ֻǲ׭ðɣüͷ˵
ҵٿĻһ׭ģǾܹһš׭ǼٵģҲдҵźͿ˳̼䣬ǰ׬⣬϶˹
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ǵʱŷ飬Ҫˡ
Щ飬岢ܣҪֻǾͽǮڷ׭ֵûжȤ
ڽǮҲǲȤģǸղͻȻ̳ĶҪǮģһ˵ǮֱҪ
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Ͼ֮ǰľת𵤣۸͸ߴһڣڵңֻ
ʱ԰ҲŴӡõĺͬϵˡ
ֱҪǩˣ԰ڻûʶԷֵ£ȻѾ̸˺ǹġ
ϵܣһ˳紬ҿռ˴ˡڷ꿾Ƶ궩һᣬҪԶٷ֪ϵûпգ
ǩͬ԰ԵЩ緢Цʵ
ϰ˵пգ㲻̫ĻҵǺȥһٷǩݺͬҲʮֵĸˡ
ζԺÿ춼нʮ㾭ֵˣֻҪʮʱ䣬Ϳ弶ʱʵͻᷢɱ䡣
Ļվ԰ǸһȵĿ壬СҲ̫֪ô˰ɣ
ܹǶѾ֪ǶˣǶԷȻڼӣǲ֪ߵغ
ᣬȻᡣϵܿԷ˵˵㣬賿Ҳ԰Цţûһ㲻ɫ
԰̬ȣǸﰵĨһ亹ҿղûվ壬ҪȻ֪ôġ


45 ԰뷨
Ҳʮֵĺ棬ΪʲôԬ̬ôã
Ҫ֪ʱ棬ԬĲأԽԽ⣬ƢҲԽԽ꣬һС£ʹ
ʲôħܹԬ̬֮áѵĳдеĺ󱲣ûо
԰վ⣬Ҳ²š
԰뿪ʱ򣬴߽һˣ߼¶Щʹɫ·ٶȺϺͽԵͱΡ
䣬ΪʪԹؽףǿ׳һˣ·ѡ
ҽԺ˼ʮңĻһɶۣڼͽıڣÿ쿿Ӱ̯ΪŮѧڵѧѶղ
ͼɱҪһ֮ӺŮϸõԼҲܴʹнѳӷ֣͵ҽԺ˹
֮ӺŮĵʹ޺ᣬӴ˴ɱͷ۶ôʹ࣬ҲҧͦţϣԼʧȥɷŮʧȥס
䱾ΪһӾҪȥʮǰͻȻһϲܻ˼ҸĲоˡ
ӵĻ䲢ûжķӦΪֻҵһƫƫѾԹ֪ˣûһֹãҲûϣ
ţǲҵʲôƫˣǿʹ¶һЦݡ
ǣβƫ䣬֪ôĨĨᣬЩʵ
ŶҼˣɷǸΰĩڰɣôˣѵѾˣ˵ֵʱ΢ɲĶһ¡
ûУûĲȬˡЦ˵ϻżۡ
ʲôΰĩôȬ¶𾪵飬ͬʱһЩΣѵɷĸΰĩҽκõġ
ӵתУҲ֪ȥ
˵һҵлһԪһŷ׭Ȼŷ׭κɷĸΰĩڡôƭ˵ġ
̾˿¶һʧı顣
䣬αѾȷˣΪѾȥҽԺˣǸǮһȫ飬ɷĸΰĩڣȷȬˡʮּ˵
˵ҲʼЩˣѵַ׭ôЧ
֮ӼȥˣԼȥǼҵ̿
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죬ڿҵ̿ˣʮָӵ飬ŵȥ
Ҫʲô忴һֽţѾʼͻΡ
˵ΰٲǲ֪ʪԹؽܲΣؿ塣
ֻʪԹؽס֪Ʒ׭ɽկ׭
һ㶣ô£Ʒ׭ôɽկ׭
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ɽկ׭Ʒ׭ˣһƷƷ׭ʱһꡣ
β棬ûʲô𣿡԰æʵ
忴԰һۣ֪Ϊʲôôżǿڽ͵ַ׭Чһû𡣡
ãϵܣɽկ׭ô˵ҸղŻأļдᣬʲôѾˡ԰һ˵˵
Ǹַ׭ǶǮһԵ俪ѯʵ
Ʒ۸һɽկļ۸һ򡣡
۸һʱһɽկһһ¶ĳ֮ɫ
Ǹտʼʱóһŷ׭Ⲣ󣬿ڼòôǮ
﷢ʱһԵ԰˹
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ӦûʲôҪɣһ䱸Ŀ԰ŲŻϵڱĺ¡
ǵȷһСҪǰŷ׭͸㣬ڣļдϣҪʹáҪ󲻹ְɣ
ҸǴ棿ܿ԰Ŀġ
ûκĲҲﵽĿģ˫ӮǺܺ𣿡
ʱҲǲ԰뷨ŷϣٶȬĲгٶݣֳӽ𺳣
ʲôȥܣֻҪԼľͽǮԴԴϾͺˡ


46 ֳ
΢һ£ʹӦȻǬ˵ʹ÷׭Ƿ׭ЧһҪȻǾơ
˾ʱ͵ص㣬ֺ໥˵绰֮԰ͳȥ߹ȥ
ϵܣôʱǿЩ֢ˣڼ֮ڱǵķ׭κãһɼ𺳡԰ЩЦ˵
ǴҵңȻô⡣ЦЦһĴָ
廰һתֽ˵Һܺ棬ڷ׭βôͣҪ֪ǹҿΨΪ⽨Ҫã
˵԰ЩĿ壬㶼׭ˣȻ˵⽨Ҫãĺ
Ϲ£Щ֪ƨ˵ʲôʲôʱǽ͡԰һӣʮֺ˵
ڽһʱֽ˺üλˣɷ֮Ҫһŷ׭Чġ
ЩҲ԰Ȱ˵£ȫӦȥŷƣ֪ʱص֮µ绰ˡ
ܿ͵ʱ䣬ԭҪߵ԰ҲûߣΪһֱæȰ˵Щˣȥŷֳѵơ
Ƶջ£ÿһ˶԰Ȱ˵Ӧȥŷֳ
Ͼں⼸Ǯˣڸ߼סأôʲô׭
ϵܣߣһȥԶ緹ٽȰ˵Щȥŷֳ԰Цţк塣
ܹȰ˾ŸȥŷֳǾ֢ʣµĸҲǼΪεԲҪķѵɽկֵǧԪ
òұ˰ɣιιϵܣҰ׭һǮûУ㲻ҲҸɣ԰ȵʵ
˵ǲˣٷ㿴ŰɣҪģҿǲӦġɵ˵
û˵ģȻϵܳԷֻҪǾƵеģʲô͵ʲôԲԲˡ԰Цźһ˳
ڷǬ԰ںæϡ
һǼƵһ֮ͺ԰һص˷Ǭ԰ȥŷˡ
԰飬Ǳ԰ɹȰ˵Щ˵ġ
ոմŽ˷Ǭ԰ʹ˹óһƬصݸ壺ҽʣҵƬԺָ̡
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ϣ԰ֺڷ꿾Ƶһ˶ٷϯ䣬԰壬ŷһж׼ˡ
ʱ԰ȥЩ룬Ҳ˸־ֽŵܱ˵ûʲôѵġ
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Ҳвܱ黹һżֵ㰲ʵϰ߹ȥֳѧϰһ¡
ȻһЩ԰йϵܱ࣬һЩСܱ࣬ȫԴ£ҳһ˿©
ڶϣ԰һһ绰ߴ£Ǹڰ˵֮ǰŷĵص㡣
ϵʱЩҲ½ĽΪŵŷٿʱ䡣
ûжãҵ԰ʱںͼ̸Цš
ԶԶĸ԰һкʾԼԺҲûйȥҵһ£ųеڶߡ
ǵҲôʹЩ־ͱֽң󲿷ֶûɨһ۳мӣЦ˵
ܿ죬ʱ͵˾ŵ㣬͹ȥ԰һ̨
ܸлλܹμǵŷᣬǽٿŷĿģҪ츣ࡣ˵԰˶١
ļ߹ȻʼͷӶеһӱ
зһֶΣ֪ľ󲿷ּܹƣ֢֮Ϊ
˵仰֮԰Ͳ˵ֻǾؿԽԽӵĻ
Ƕһ£˵ЩûʲôʵݣûٴʵݣֶûеõҽϵϿɣ
ǰһŵһмߣڻ԰֮ͬվʵ


47 漣
ֶΣûʲôٴݣ԰յͲǰ˵
˵Щϣȫ¶˾ȵɫ˿ŷᶼǰԼ˿䣬԰ôأ
԰ʲô˼ûдֵ֧ĻзֶθûʲôŶȡһ۾ļߣ˷ܣЩɻ˵
ǸֶξǸͷĿľΪ˳һʱУмɫŮ߲м˵
԰òųֲǣҪЩ֪ȸʲôǻ˽Ʋ¶ף͵أһԵصҡҡͷͬǸŮߵ˵
֪Ҳ˼Ҵϰһأ
ļߵ԰ЦһյͲǰ棬˵ҲûеõҽϵϿɡ
ʲô԰仰ȫˣûеõҽϵĳϣζʲô
ζƷǲѧģҽ㣵ġ
һ£мߵﶼһͷǾǶ԰ˣˣٿⳡŷᣬһ־硣
һЩзȻ׼볡ʱ԰Ƶ˵ǣʵݣǽ׼ֳԲ˽ƣʵǵǰ
԰ĻЩӦֳĲˣڹԱ£ߵڶߵǰ
һĻЩԭ׼뿪ļߣҲǲټ뿪Ҫ԰״ʲô⣿
ȵʮ˽֮԰ĿڶߵɨȻЦ˵ǿԼһ£ǲвǵĲǲġ
Ȼ԰ʲôĿģЩ߻ز鿴ʮ˵ĲЩԶ׼֢״
мߺԼҽѴ绰ȷϲʵԡ
ãǶʮλ˵Ҳһŵ˽⣬ΪǵĲҪ೤ʱܹ԰ϵЦݸʤ
ֻҪһ뵽ԺЩ𾪵ı飬̲סһֿСЩûý壬͵źȥɣ
԰Ļڶߵɻ԰Ҫʲô
ʮ˵Ĳȫ鷳ǰ֢ڣʮεԲѵҪֳƣ
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ҸǣֶΣܹڶ̶̵ʮھͳǵļǾ𣿡԰¶һŵЦݣ̨µļʵ
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һŮҲûоֱ֣վŭ⣬԰һٺķ̡
Ůߵķ̣ڳļ߶һЦҲ԰Ūһӻ𣬼԰ԱȻֵÿ֡
ڳļҲʶվŮߣ³ʷ磬ҲִֻƱֽļߣҵ԰
˵ʲôտƾʵ˵ɣ԰֣Ӻ߳ʮ۵Ůӡ
ÿŮӵ϶һ̣һűܷķ׭
ھǼ֤漣ʱ̣
԰ұһӣʮˣ˵Ϊ֪Ļ
еļ߶۾ȥֻʮ˺ܷװŷ׭óȻվûκ鷢
м߶оˣˣȫǷŭĿ԰
Ǹ˼˻ٵȼӡ԰Ȼ𣬷׭ҪʱģղЩˡ
ڶȴҲ̲סŭˣ׷ȥѾˣλȥ֮Ҫǲ԰ĨһǱϷˣķŭ
ڶҺߵſڵʱʮϵķ׭ѾʼɫĹâ
âӣܿͽʮ˰ΪʮɫĹš
쿴ô£ܿм߷һĻľ
ְҵԣЩ߹˲ȫ׷ǰʮŲϵա
յͬʱЩߵҲʣղﻹվʮˣھͱʮţô£
ʮ֮󣬰׹ɢȥ¶˱еʮ
ʮ˴ʱȫǺ棬ﻹһ㼲ģȫһˡ
ԭҪ뿪ļߣʱȫԼͬʮܹȥΧ
ͻȻộʮҲǸеһš
ãǡ³ļʷ磬һ£ڸоôĲȫ𣿸ղŵһ׹ʲô
ղŷ԰ʷ磬¼쵽ǰ׳һ⡣


48 ʷķ
һ£Щŵ˵ܺãһˮһҵĲ㿴ҵֺͽž֪ˣѾȫָˡ
Լֽţ˷֮顣
ļˣҲڼߵѯ£Ҳ˷ܵ˵ڼ顣
ڲɷǼ֮Щ԰ӿȥǵΧˮйͨ
ǶղǼλõǷ׭𣿡³ʷ磬޹˼ɵ԰ʵ
ôǷ׭أֻʽˡҪΨ壬ҪЩ⽨š԰ɫ˿δ䣬Բѵ˵
ôǶԸǲ˸ղõʲôΪʲôҪɷ׭ģأʷͣЪ׷ʹ
ʵЩõƵЧҩֻǰЧҩķĩͿ˷ֽϰˣΪʲôʹ÷ֽȻΪòǿġ
԰ҲǺʾ۾Ϲ
ղŵЩ׹⣬ôͣʷ԰ơ
ڷֽϼ˹ӰЧĿľΪǿ˵ġ԰ƵĻ⡣
ǶҺܺ棬ʮ棬ڵİϸȥˣ˵Ļ޸ֻ·һϸʱ䶼ɡЩԲνЧҩܹ쵽ģǶ㣬ЩôͣʷڷųĴС
⵱ȻЧҩЧ԰һȻı顣
Ҳţʷܸɴ˵
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λǶʲôϵ
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ĽŲԽԽ죬һ磬ʷںıܣȴǱԽԽԶ
ȻûʹзǼ㵥壬ٶҲǳ˵Ȼ˦ʷ硣
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ȻҪ˦ʷ磬ǴʱѾͣҲֻͣ½ŲóԿ׿
ǰͣ£ʷϲæֽ˼׷
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ҵֱңĻҲ벻ջ񡣡ʷһβƲʮֱӵ˵Լо
ҡҡͷҲ˵ʲôԸ͸Űɣ֪˷Ǭ͵˸
԰ۼƻûзǬһģǬֻ൱һۡ
԰ǩֻƷɽկ廹ǴԼģΪɽկ׭ΪͨˣҪ԰治һ䵽ͨ
һҲǼɽկ׭ԼĻҲж¡
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ǬȥĻ԰ķ׭϶ýͣȴǸоνҶ֪ʲôЧҩֻǱϹȥˣ
ʷ翪һ·һֱص˷ǬͣſڣһϲĿŵǿҡǬ
ŷϵЩ׭ṩģû뵽׭ȻôЧҪǷȥöб㰡
ʷϵ˷ܺܿˣΪףֶͲܷȥǲ۳ֵġ
ҹʱˣڲ£Ľ鱨ֿһ۷ǬңʷͿų뿪ˡ


49 ű
ѧţ֢ʮڱ
ССֽǰٲǣ
԰оЧҩʮ֢
԰źԣսȫҽϵЧҩȻδҽϵϿɡ
ǿѧϵȫ·֣Ǵͳ֤һŷֽĴ棡
ڶϣʳ¯ıֽ־ͱ԰ǰ
Щ⣬̲סЦǰ벻ôţƣȻսȫҽϵ
Ǽʶˣʵű֮Ĳൽж԰ֻ˵µֶûеõҽϵĳϣ˼ͳҪսȫҽϵ
ϵܣЩýҳǵȷǴȥˣǶƷ׭İװˡ԰˵ŻĶ¡
װ鷳ǸˡӦһϵЩֽҪ³ôġ
ϵܣҪƷ׭ݳƷ϶ҪһͨƷеģЩɽկ׭ҲΣ԰ǺЦ
Ǹ磬֮ǰҿɲô˵ģ̇ͷһЦЦĿ԰
֮ǰǲ˽ڼȻ֪ɽկ׭ֺαط£ñֶװأ԰Ц˵
ˣǸҲ˵ˣɽկ׭ĿľΪ˰ͨˣҪǽֻ¾͵ͨˡɫ˵
ϵܣ㿴˵ģ𣿡԰ЩεЦ˵
Ǹ磬ڰװƷ׭Ҫɽկ渨ֱӸ˵ͺˣʱһȫϵġ
ЦЦȷıԼ̬ȡ
˵԰Ҳ֪ɽկ׭ǿ϶òˡ
Ȼϵ˵ҲͲǿˡҪװƷ׭ͱȽɽկ׭֪ȴȥĻǬͱڴǰˡ
˵仰ʱ԰۲ķӦ岻ԸǬع⣬ôͿ԰ɽկ׭ȨҲֹ
Ѿǰˣ㿴ЦţǷݡ³ݸ԰
԰ӹֽһһдִıӳ
оˣЧҩ԰ƳЧҩȻһλ֣֮
ʷ磬ڱ棬ϸĽʷʮ˵Ĳɷãй޺ͷԬɽĲɷá
Ҳò̾ʷھŵΪʷҲǻȥдһƲ⣬û뵽ʷȴôһʵı
Ȼûһ˵Щ׭Ǵͳмȴ͸һõζһţǷ׭ǴͳֻΪʵ⣬Źڸǵġ
ֱӰʵдܴ󲿷˶ţְڰڣƲࡣ
ʷ磿ͦϤģ԰üͷ˼
ôˣŷֱվ񾭲ǸŮߡһЦѵ
ˣǡ³ġˣôҵģϵİɣ԰ЩɵĿ塣
˻᳡֮һֱңҲùˣ˵һºİװƻɣ
԰̸ôװ׭ʱѾΪЩűʼˡ
еһҽԺסԺһͨ
һ㲵긾ŮһݱֽűͰ˽
ͰݸϵɷɷԷʱһߣЩĵķǷݱֽ
ͻȻֽϵһĿ⣬ʼĶ
֮һ³Ŀʮָӣڴľк¡
Ϊŵ̫ʵˣʮӾ֢ܽκãôƭСӵģ֮ǰҵЩƫҪס
ǣ³ִֽһŶȵģԣǾȥһԡ
ͬʱĲҲ긾Ůͬľ
֪пƭ֣Щ˼Ҫȥһŷ׭ԣΪɵΪǲԸκһ˿ϣ
԰ûһʱ䣬в˼ţǰ
˼ǵķ׭ãšŹ̨ǰǸ긾ŮԴǸ˵
ɽկ׭ôۣѾ˼ƻǾã׼ǬĻͿЧķֹţĲ롣
˻ţ֮⣬һЩռŶλõģҲӦ׼϶ÿֻ֤ܶһš
ֳʹõĹ涨̶ܹȱ֤ƽ


50 𱬵۳
϶׭վѾ԰ȥˣŹһʱͿͶʹá
ķ׭ôţǸ긾ŮһĲ⡣
ڻţ޴ڣûƵĻֻµʱҵķ׭ҪţԲˣʱ϶кܶಡ򲻵׭ˡЦŽ͵
˵ĵҲǡϹʮأڸ´긾ŮΪȻĵ˵ͷֿʼ
ΰƹҲ΢鷳һЩ彨
뵽սݵɷ򣬱ƶļͥ긾Ů˾ɷ
ھͻȥɷСֵܣϣķ׭ãҪǿջϲһ
İɣôɲΪƭ·ġЦ˵
긾Ů뿪֮½в˼׭֪׭׼ֻ̣ܵʹá
Ҫ£󲿷˶ʼԥǻŷ׭翵飬ΪǵѾʮأֶѾһ취ûˡ
µĲˣÿһƶɶһξ޴ðգðʧܵĽȴܹܵġ
ЩܹƶĲˣ˭Ϊֽıַ׭翵顣
ȻԸðգЩҲԸ뿪ڵţĸǵǰʱǲģǵ˴β
˵ڴУտʼǸ긾ŮʱСһΣŵ
һĻΧЩ˶Ǿһæÿһ·
ϵǸˣɫ԰ףֽŲԾǻز
һֻҪûбκãǾͿˡ
Сֵܣɷ򻼵õɭۺ֢Ҫһܹķ׭Ǹ긾Ůɷ̨ǰһ£Ȼ˵
óһɽկݹȥЦŵлһԪ
ʮ֮󣬵ɫâɢȥǸɫĴΧЩȫü
ǿΧЩͬıʱ̷ӦȫԼͬŵȥ
ڸղŵǶʱѾ֪ÿֻİٰʮŷ׭ܹƾ֢ĸֻаʮš
Щ񱼵ʱǸ긾ŮɷǶ岻ϵظл
ǲøлңǵǮȻҪǵĲκá
Ȼ˵Է޵ﶼףŷ׭ļ۸ԲֹһҽԺ˻˺ֹһ򣬵ȴһЧûС
Ƿָлһһϲõ뿪Ǭ
˰СʱңиղŻȥĲ˼Ų˷Ǭ
һǬǾȲĽǮ壬һɽկ
ȻǬ棬Ͳϵа׹γһţЩ˼һеһԵȴš
ղЩȥĲ˼ͬĲǰʱѾ˲ʡǮ׷״򳵣ŷǬ
һʱ֮䣬ҽԺǰ˳⳵ճһ⳵̱סȥ
ʱһЩ⳵˾ҲǷ׷׺ͽõͬд绰
ιⰡ㳵ôû˵ĻץXXҽԺſڿһȺ˵ȳأ
ιץʱXXҽԺſڣ㲻Ժɱ˵Ҳֵܰ
Ͽ¿ĻͻִᷢӸҽԺſڣһĳ⳵Ӷ
һĻܿڶע⣬һ棬۷׷ף֪ô£Ϊʲôô⳵һʻ
ļߺܿҲһĻæЩ⳵Щ⳵Ļͣ¡
Щæ³ųǹڣų⳵ЩˣŷǬȥ
ֽýļ߱ˣһЩŵļҲˣŻͲ˳Ⱥǰȥ
ĻϵЩˣһĻҲ֪﷢ʲô£Ȼô̡
ŵˣǮǰϻŵ֣Ҳһ
û뵽Щ˼ۿ棬Ȼô䶯Ч
Ŷӣ򱾵꽫ٽз׭ۣ
һЩӵУɫԽԽѿЩѾʼѣɫһȵ
һӾͰΧӵĳѹȥЩŹ׭ˣע⵽Լܵģ
ǿӲ̬£һЩصȵõ˹׭ȨȻȴҲ˵ʲôϾ׭Ыʺһݡ
ʮɽկܿһգʱҲбĲһϲɫ߳Ǭ


51 ˳ӿ
ЩҲȥ٣ΪЩ֢ͬĲѣ󲿷ֵĶֻһЩεԲֻҪʹöǷ׭ơ
ЩΧ˵Ĳ˸߳ǬͱļסˣԱЩȥĲ˺ͼҲΪ˹Ҫô˵
ãǡűļߣҵõϢ˵۵ķ׭ܹΰٲ𣿡
һмס˸ո߳һޣе¼ʵݵǸ˵ǰʵ
ɣһܹƸּԲǷ׭ܹƸԲǷ׭ϾǰΰٲˡǷ׭ҲһԪһţ˵úܣ
ҲǸոȬԭԼ˷ܣ֪һȫ˵˳˵ˡһԪһţ˵úܡĻ
ϸ룬Աȸ־֢۵ƷãƸ־֢ķ׭ֻһԪǱ˵úܣ
ãллĻش𡣡м߿һ֮ȥұ˲ɷȥˡ
˶ڷ׭ô˽⣬ʮа˾С
ʵϣ֪֮ôΪ鷳׭÷Χдֽϣò˸ԼĲ
мֲɷȬĲˡ
Ƿ׭棬Ҹоͺ»صĸһ㣬ʵůΧѹʱҵĲѾˡһ͸żˣ۾
飬ҶţϻôĶҽԺûа취飬һССķ׭Ȼʮڽˡһ˵ϣԾǴһЩŵɫ
ǰһֱΪŴЩҽಷƭ˵ģҲ֪ԭЩã˸ûѧáһʲô󱦲أһ˷ܵĶż˵
۲ɷ˶ˣõ˵Ȼвͬ˼һǾʹ÷׭ֻ֮ҪʮӣͿȬ
ûһ˵ƭӣ˵׭õġ
ȻҲûвгһûӣһߵĶż߱Թֻ׼˼ʮƾ֢ķ׭úܶ˿ֶ飬ǶļӪ
ĿߣǴһķ׭ʮ棬ʮֵҪ
һɷãмˣڿȷǬǮ˼ٸУ׭Ĺá
ʱߵĲɷýҲȫˣЩ˶˵ŷ׭棬ҪȻǱԹ׭̫٣û˵׭ãǬƭ˵ġ
ȺҲ𽥵ļ٣һ
ǣ岻֪ǣ⻹ֻһͷ滹Ϯ
Щ׭ľ֢ˣ̾ͻȥҽԺ飬õȫļ֮Ͼʰ׼Ժ
ֻһʲô󶯾ǼʮһҪԺ̾Χ˺ͼĺ棬رǼʮ˽绹һȥ
ѯ֮£ǬϢ̾ڲ˺ͼ֮䴫ˣʮ֪֪ײ˵ͻȻȬϢԽʵš
رǼʮ˵ܹƸּԲһֻҪһԪ֮󣬾һЩ˼Գθ׺ͼβ׵Ĳ˶סˡ
һԪӾκò˭û»ҽԺﰡ
һεĳӵ׳ۣЩ˾֢ĲˣǰгҲѾβˣȥǬʱֻǴȥ
һȴͬȥǬĲо֢ߣһЩһЩСˣǴ󲿷г
۳һƺƵĳĻֵķȥ
ҽԺҲǴͬÿҽԺмγɵĳŷǬȥ
̵Ƶʱ̵Ƶʱ䶼еĳͨһЩͨ
ڸտʼʱǺأ⼸ĿĵͬģԽǿĻ֣ͨӵµԽ
Щܿ˾첿ŵע⣬ڶĽά;Ľͨ򣬻һЩֱĻ֡׼ȥ˽һ
Щ˳ϵǬʱֻܿΧµˮйͨĵţÿһЦݵĴ̻߳һ˽Žȥ
Ŷӵɢ˰ɣķ׭ͻʣʮһǵˣҪĻɣһʵȺ˵Ķ
ôôûˣǰװôʱˣ
ǰܹͼŷ׭ʲô갡Ͳ֪׼һЩô
׭ѾЩ˷׷׳Թøϵάľһͷˮʲô׭
ͣӪҵ仰ԭͲˣȫʼ궯


52 רҺͽ
ʲôͣӪҵϰҪʲôѵҪӪ
Ӫƨô˵׭ҪǸףҲŭʱȺ鼤ܣֱӰˡ
ǰķ׭Ҳһû˰ɣ
۷׷ף˳ʼŵſƶʱĻֽŴ˳
Ϊǵ˲ŶӣǽһվͿԽעᣬÿ˶վϹ׭ʱֱӵȡʹþͿˡ
˵ǣ˵űסˣϾûжԸŶ׭رһЩ֢ˡ
ǬѾû˷׭Щ˺ͼǲģҲֻ뿪ǵѾ˾һǸվעᣬǾͻڵһʱ䣬һŷ׭
ʮ֮˳ȥЩͷʹڵ棬û뵽ĳȻ˵Ļ𱬡
ʱ򣬸ղſڰæάľ죬Ҳ˽ѯղô£ôôĵǰۼ
Ҳûжֻͣǰ԰ùЩֽݸ˼죬͵Щֽϱķ׭Ʒġ
ЩеѾ˽ıֽ˵̾ȵĿֽ˵Щ׭Чģ
̵Ҫǣ׭ֻܹڵʹãЧΣɼƭӣΪЩ˺ͼô𣿡
ղǳ棬Щȫ֪˵ʲô
Щ׭Чֽ˵һֱܵЩѧʲô
˾ֱ֮Ӳͨ԰ĵ绰
ǣ㽨ǸվںܹӪҪȻСҪЩ˺ͼˡͷЩͷ۵˵
һվҲҪʮ죬ܣҳʲôģҪʱ䡣԰ڵ绰Ǳ߽͵
ؼʱ̣һдӼվҪҳƣֻһװҲУֻҪһ϶׭ĹܣģȫʡȥҪᶨ˵
һдӼ򣬲ӪҲҪʱ䡣԰ѵ
ˣһӪһ߲԰ɣҳƻбĶԺزϣһʱ
ɲٷ״ˣҪһСģ֢ɾʹˡ
Ǻðɣȥߴǣ磬վһʽߵġ԰˵
Ǿɣǣҹˣ
Ϊվ׼׭ʱЩ׭Ѿ˾޴ᷴӦ
Щ׭ĲˣȫصҽԺȥʰԺø֪档
˱˵Ȼӡ֪һԪһͿκüԳθ֮ĲҲȫ˳Ժ˼
ֻǬͣӪҵǻܼҽԺİǿԿ϶ǣֻҪϹ򵽷Ǭķ׭֮ĵһ£϶ǳԺ
ģ˵ĳԺಡ˿ʼѡƣѾ˸ҽԺ߲ӣ׷¸Դ
ǵȵ֪ʱǵзŭȴΣΪַ׭Чʵ̫ǿˣѹҽԺĸֶΡ
ҿֻβˣȻĻҽԺֱӹˡ
ڸҽԺĸ߲֮һҽѧרҺҽѧڱƵ̨ǰʼڱֽϷۡ
ִҽѧڳڵҽʵܽᡢȷһ׿ѧҽϵŴٴͽ֧֣ʵЧġĳЩװŪν׭ʲô⣿ɰڻƱֽϺһһѣֻƭ˵İϷ
Щò˼Ͷҽ̬ǽƭһЩνųһŷ׭ܹΰٲֱǻ֮ϸûаΰٲҩУҲӦÿѧֶоģǹ
⽨ٴ̧ͷָɨʷѵɣȻִⲻò˵ıҵı
Щ۵˼ֻһҽֹغ飬ӦǽѧģʵݵģܹһЩ⽨ţ˵
ЩרҺͽ۵ý壬֮ǰЩյ԰룬ȴûвμŷЩ
ڵЩýһССķ׭϶ϵĹ㷺ۣڵûн԰룬ȫǺڲѡ
ҲףȻǵ԰ӣôͱ԰õһڷ׭š
ʱ򣬸ҽԺǣǰæЩֻۣ΢һЩʹӦ
ⳡ粨УԴֻҪվһͻֽ̼ȻòţǾͿǸۡ


53 ͬѧ
ֽϵЩۣȻ⵽Щ˵ƿڴ
ʲôѧۣʲôֶǲܣǺ֪ЩνĿѧûκǵĲһССķ׭ȴǵһС
ЩĲ˱ϾֻмˣЩֽڣʵǲɱ
Щ֪ȺڣڸҽѧרҺҽѧڵ£ķ׭Ȼ֮Աǣмһˡ
ߣϷƿڴװŪıƺ
Щۣᣬɽկ׭ĿģΪ˰ľ֢ˣΪ׬Ǯ
Ҫ׬ǮĻȥƷ׭ȥˣķͬԪƷ׭ļ۸ɽկ屶
Ȼ岻ԸЩۣЩǷǬ汨ý壬ȴǲưոݡ
̾ɷ壬ϣܹһ߳⣬ЩשҺͽ޵ѹȥ
ЩߵĲɷãֻ˵ʮ֣ȴ͸¶˼ȵźͰԵ
Ը򣬲Ը
ڶ죬һֽϳ֮ǻϽͣڷ׭ۣҲԽҲԽԽࡣ
Щûȥý壬ôİ汨ϢߵôҲǳ˶ķ̡
һ߷̵һڷ⽨䶯ĳª档
Щ飬岢ûг˵ʲôֻ԰Щ繤Ա¼ǬĺкǹϵܵˣҲ
֮ͲЩ飬ΪҪæƸԱŲô࣬ԽӴͱСˡ
ΪǬֵúҵģҲûƸֱһŴֽд֮󣬾˵ϡ
ȻڵһһߵӦƸ
δϵ죬ͼһ㿪һûжרģ󲿷ֶȺϢ
еõ۵ļһ㿪ȺϢ¼һҳһҳϷȺ֮ǰĶԻһ顣
ǰ澡һЩĵƨǷϢʱ巢ǾȻ̸۸ƻ顣
岻Щ֣֪µҲ½˺û⴫Щô֪µģ
ĶԻ֪ķչ
ԭƵ¼֮󣬲½Լƴıһʱ֮䣬ĸ׸̩Ūýͷöͷʹѡ
̩ͨϵ鵽½ѯԭ֪һеȻԼĶӡ
̾ͽпᣬԴ½Ǹ
ôʱķй½ŭҲȥ˴룬˺ͽ˼ҪȻҲ̩͸ڷ硣
½ǰ̩Ѹһٳ˼ţȻ֪̩ǹģ½ﻹ泩ࡣ
һжҪͣˣǸоԼܴ裬һʱ룬ȥѧУ㲥ңƻ飬ȫ¶˳ȥ
һӣȫѧУ֪飬½ɫĽ̩ϳ˰칫ҡ
˭֪ôˣ˵˵ر氡Ⱥ﷢һ仰һЦı顣
ǱˮͧըˣϢ󰡣
˵½أ񱻽ˡóʱûѧУˡ
ʱ򣬴߽һŮʵ𣿡
ţ̫ˣȥұ޷һ£仰ֱ֮졣
ʲô𣿡ӹ̨վȵǸŮģ֮΢΢һ㶡
ٻٻЩȵʵ
ٻٻ֣̾һ㶣ϸ壬оģЩϤ
˺һᣬŸԺһ۵Ϻţ̽ʵ壿
ôʱż˭Ҳ̫˼˰ɣͬѧԹ
ɲԹңҪڵı仯̫ˣŪҶϲˡ
ǰһЦݣ˵ʱżȵ꣬òƣٻٻǰʱʶǸ塣
ϷϵͳӴĶһЩӢڲ֪֮䣬ĥ³Լʣдżְ
ôˣҼǵ㵱ѧУаɣЦʵ
û취˸УҲаǲŸձҵݵ𡣡ٻٻ̾˿Щε˵
ˣ㵽ʲô£ѯʶٻٻĿġ
ͬ°ոձ˾ˣһʱ֮ҲĹֲü˵ģֻʱҷݹˡٻٻЦŵ


54 
ٻٻ˵֪ӦˣΪ̴򹤡
ˣ壬﹤ôٻٻͻȻСѯʵ
㲻ɣÿһĹʡ
һ£Ͱ֮ǰõĹ˵˳Ǭÿ콫ӪҵҲÿ̫͡
ʲôÿһôߣ˵ôСôߵĹʣҲŲ߰
ٻٻ¶˳Ծı飬һĽ˵
첻ǹӦƸҪǱѡˣҲˡЦ˵
˵Ҳǣˣϰأϰ岻ô԰ٻٻһ£ȴֵֻһˡ
ȿȣˣҾϰ塣һɤ˵
ϰ壿ٻٻ´һ壬˵һ㻹мϰȡˣˣϰȥˣ
ҲǶģҵҿġʮ˵
ĲڿЦٻٻЩŵʵҵϰ壿
ٰԼ˵
Ҿ˵ֺ£С򹤣ÿµĹʶһ򣬺Ұװ׸һٻٻϲԾ¶ʧı顣
ʵȷÿһûƭ㣬ܼܲȥҪڵıˡ
ڶٻٻѾ¼ˣҪҵĵԱҪ󲢲ߣֻҪ̬ƣƷþС
ΪͬѧԶٻٻһ˽ģΪֱˬԸ񵥴˵ֵģȽϷƸҪ
ϾûҲ֪ûз仯ԲŸһڣһ¡
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Ҿûˣͬѧ죡ٻٻһЦ绨֡
졣ȥʰʰϰɣЩֺգȻ˵
ʰˣҽͿϰģٻٻһɾģ
ЪҵϰҲֻһ˵ţһ¿ʼԡ
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ˣ֪ˣһġˣٻٻ뿪ʱ²Ǻܸߣݹǰ;ϣ
ȵٻٻָ֮԰˸绰˹ѵЩʲôĶߣһЩϢõӡ
ӵĵ绰԰޵Ķˣʱ䣬Ĵܹˣʲô鶼æ
԰ҲûʲôԹԣȻķ׭ȨȻҪЩ顣
԰Ȼܹ֮ĹϵرԬҵԬ嵱ĸ
ƾκ˶Сټ׭԰Ȼֵúá
԰ûж೤ʱ䣬˼ʮ˹ˣĻȫˣȻڵ氲װһŵΡ
ڶϣ԰ʹ绰۷׭վѾͶʹãȥЧ
򿪵ԣַ֮󣬾ͿһҳɫɫĵıҳĹҲʮֵļ򵥡
ֻעᣬ½Ϲ׭ѡͬʱԱ߻һдۣ۸ͨһٱ
Ȼһÿһվ˶ܹ
Ǹ磬վɣֻ簲ȫҪ֤
û⣬İɣ԰ˬʵЦֻﴫ
ϴϺڸ罻վϣַȥЩҪĲܹȻͳȥ緹ȥˡ
ȵԷʱ򣬶ٻٻѾڵˡ
ףôô磬ߵɣ˿ֱЩʵ
ϰֻû˵ʲôʱϰ֮࣬һݷæϹˡٻٻ˾Ķ֭ͰӣԹ˵
˭ôģǵǱ׼ĳ幤ʱ䣬˵ϰ඼ˣ뵽ôʵڣ
һЦ˵һԿ׿š
ɣֻһʱ䣬ı仯ôô󣿡ģķǬٻٻ̲סȵ


55 Ԭ
ⲻ˵̫һڣһʰһЦ˵
İٻٻֱ֣Ц
ЩĿŶٻٻѾͷĻ˰ɣ
ȻǼٵģҰЩܰߣҪΪԭط̫СҲûϢĵطԿ˵Ǻܷ㡣ʵʵ˵
ߣᣬʰɣȥԷˣ
ٻٻһһۣŤһԵӣóӺȶ֭ʼ緹
ȵٻٻ緹վڹ̨棬ȻԼڵǰǬվĺ̨鿴ж˹˷׭
һ̨;ȵķ֣еѾȥˣҲȥ˴롣
Ҫ֪ϷַҲŰСʱʱ䣬ɲǴʱƱȫᷴԵ˳У׭۵ô죬ȷǳԤϡ
壬ˣһ£ǵʲôûʲôĶվһԵĶٻٻͻȻʵ
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Ƹûдô֪ʲôٻٻдʵ˵
ſǿϣǬô⻹ҵȻˡָָſڵķû˵
ͬѧû뵽ȻˡȰ㻹ע⣬иĴƭӣýǽһϣС֮ܳꡣˣǸƭӺҲʲôţٻٻü˼š
塣ʱԱߴһĵ
ԣͽ塭塭ٻٻ˷ܵתȻͿǲƵı顣
ٻٻڨڨЦţСʵǸ岻ɣ
˵أʵ
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ڶٻٻĸЧ£ÿһ˶ܿ쵽˶ķ׭ȻԱߵ£УЩãֶš
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壬ôٻٻɵɵʵ
ͷˣȥӴҪȻͿ㹤ʡݺݵв
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һߣĵʱֻȻһԬĵ绰
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û£һ棬˳ܼ˸ʶڷϱǼ˼ҵĺ󱲣Ҳѡ
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鿴һ¶ˣ循ȵķ֣˾ȻԬ԰
Ȩж׼ǹְеȨСҲ˵ҪļӸ磬Ҳп˷Ȩı׼
뵽˵һЩɶȣҲʹӦԬ롣
ðأҹȥǡ
ҿȥɣԬ˵
ˣѵַҾУԼȥԴ廹ûпٴأ
Уֱӵ÷·66ţſڵ㡣
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ڶٻٻ廹ǱȽεģ˵ˣٻٻľǮˣҲһ룬ЩǮһˣûֵõġ
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56 Ӹ
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57 ̳
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ȥְɣԤϻһ죬Һܺ棬ʲô̬Ӧԣղ˷۾΢΢Ц


58 ֶ
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60 
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61 Ԯ
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˵԰Էų극֮԰ͻȨˣʱȨôϺǺЦ
ðֻҪǸ԰Է˹Զ㣬ҪӰҵҵȻ⽫Ȩתøˡһ£Ц˵
Ȼ֪԰Էʲôˣܳһٷͽ˵ˣ϶Ƿƽֵܹסġ
ôʱҪȨĿԶ׼ҪӲһţзһ
壬ʲô˼ЦǱߵķҲò
ʲô˼һ˼˵ֱ֮Ӱѵ绰ˡ
Ҫҵֶʳ֮ǾҪǵӲˡЦš
׼¥ʱֻٴ
üͷ΢΢һ壬ΪǷƽٴδ绰һĻŷԬĵ绰
ιʲô£
磬ҺǸĻָʹ߼ˣû̸£ļҲСЩ鷳ԬЩΪѡ
Ȼ鲻ð죬ôԼͺˡЩ䣬˾ӣôһЩѵ
磬½ɣһᴦõġ
ҪԼԬæ˵ֱ󣬵ʱ鷳ˡ
һæĹϵҴһھӵͷҪײĻҩӦûɣ
û⣬磬һᾡõġ
Ȼ֪ҪʲôԬһڴӦûлҩӵͷһֹƷⲻ
ûµĻ͹˰ɣҪ˯ˣ
ֱ֮ͨ¥˯һҹʮƽûκζȴ԰ĵ绰Ҳûд


62 5
ϴˢ֮ȥѵŴ򿪣û⿴Ⱥ÷׭԰֪԰Ѿ˷׭Ȩ
óֻ岦ͨ԰ĺ룬˼֮󣬵绰ͨ
ϵܣҾ֪Ҵ绰ֻڻûô˵һЦ԰ĻӻͲﴫ
Ѿ֪ˡֻ㣬Ѿô̾һʵ
ϵܣȻѾ֪ˣҲͲ˵ʲôˡҴһƬҵҲףϣϵܹ⡣ԺҾ˰ΥԼ͹ȥ԰ɬ˵
Ǿˡ
Ҷ˵绰֮ҡҡͷ̾һ
¹԰棬ˣǣǼ壬ǲ֣ܲȥҲֻʣˡ£˺ֶҲʩչɣ
ȵŵʱ򣬶ٻٻϰ࣬ǬͿʼתÿһ϶˷׭Ĳˣ쵽˸Եķ׭ҵʹá
һȡ˷׭֮ĶߺȻһʾ
ľֵﵽҪǷ
壬Ϳ503/500֪ղǸȡƷ10㾭ֵ
һ£һť
һֻܹĽ⽵٣Χ;񶼵õҲȫָ״̬
ϲ5ְҵϵͳƷɽһѣְҵһ
ϲ5ְҵﵰһö
ϲ5ϵͳһһȨһΡ
ϲ5ϷϲѯܣףϷ죡
֮󣬽ϵʾԺһʱܵ޴ľϲ
ٻٻ￴ţ¥һ¡
ٻٻһкæ˶¥ѷŹʼ鿴ľ޴仯
壬ԥİ5Եӵ˾ָϣþָﵽ90㣬Ҳǳ˵ľű
ȻͽĿת¿ļťְҵť
㿪֮󣬽սְҵ棬϶ɫļͼֱ꣬ǣѪ䡣
̿ʼ㿪˼ͼ꣬ʼ鿴ܽܡ
ھָܵȼ׵ķΧ˲ƶÿһľָ/20Ԫ
ָ˲䱩ÿֻһΣάʱ10ӡܵȼÿľָ/10Ԫ
Ѫ䣺֮дߣѪģԣʮڱʼɹΪ10%ܵȼÿһɹ5%˵ʵÿһףɹʽ5%ÿľָ/2Ԫ
ܣֻһоǾǿ
˵Ȼޣ˲ƶţ֪սǼǿļܡ
ȻÿֻʹһΣʱ仹ǰ㣬ǿıһ񼼵ĳƺ
Ѫ䣬ɹȻߣʮձЧ֮
ʱȲҪѧ֣ڿѧϰĵ֮ɫһӿ
ѧϰһҪһǧӣҲˣ廹ܹܵ𣬵Ҫһǧ㾭ֵȴû취ˡ
֮ǰоԼǸУǿѧϰһܣҪһǧӵʱĸоǮǮֻһ֡
ƾڵʲѧϰܻûģЩֵȴֻˣǸ3ɣҾͿѧϰһܡ
ֲ鿴һܣҪľͽǮսһ£ֻεȰѧϰܵһߣȵ㹻ľֵѧϰ
ִ˱ҵһöﵰȡ֮󣬷ֻһöС
һöﵰǷз
ѡ˷ֻ֮оڵԪɿöﵰУ֮öﵰϿʼѺۣѺۿӣ󳹵ѿ¶һС
㣬һɫëֻͣСһɫһⲻС
ֵ㿪˳ϵͳֶһ棬ʾСĶ̬ͼƬ
С֣иݺͼܡ
С
ȼ0
Ѫ10/10
Ԫ10/10
ѪԴ
ѪŨȣ0.1%
ָ2
ָ2
ֵ0/100
ܣ
С³һС򣬹ˣľָ/5Ԫ
СԣֻоһСһͨ˶磬ܹʲô
ȥһľ壬СǰȻָӵľʩչС򡣡
Сʮ̶̵Ĳһ죬Сſ³һƹСĻǿľȥ


63 
ˡǸСײľϣһ΢֮󣬺ܿϨˡ
忴˿ľ壬ֻһȭͷСĺںֻۣǳǳһ㣬ɴ˿ɼСǲô
ߴߴߴߴСų򣬷ɵļϣһ
ԼĵһҲһͷۣСôҲûǰ;ս츳ӣҲ͵ͳ衣
һϷУϴ裬Ҳ֪Ϸϵͳܣ
ͻȻոտϷϲѯܣ̾Ͱʼѯô
ѯǷģϷȻܹϴ裬ȴܹԳѪд
ֻҪʹѪͿԽѪŨᴿӶӰָָӼ
ڳ˵ѪԴѪŨȶʮҪΪȼ󣬵õԵϢϢء
ֻСڵѪԴǷˣѪŨ0.1%ڷÿһõԵΪ3000㣬ֻСÿһõԵ3㡣
СһﻹǺзչǱѼϵСץЦ˵
ߴߴߴߴСֻǻĽš
̳ǣʼѰϷ˵Ѫݸ࣬ܿҵѪ
һѪÿο0.1%ѪŨȣΪ10%ѪŨȡ۸һӡ
ԭţֱѪСѪɷˣǿһѪĽܺʹ뷨
һѪȻֻ0.1%ѪŨȣ۸񻹸ߴһӣҲͰˣؼǣޡ
Ȼ̳ûпѪӰԿ϶ǸѪļ۸ҪһѪ౶
ûæŹѪǿСǵÿϵͳʱ򣬻һһһȨޣȻ֪ǸʲôģһҪǮĶ
ʵһֱڸϵͳǱȽϺģֶ̳ﶼ׭ҩʲôģְҵҲƣϵͳǸʲôģ
򿪸ϵͳЩ֮Ͼ¶˾ϲ֮ɫ
⸨ϵͳ棬Ȼ˸ָĸ߿ƼƷСԣɴеĶӦоС
ܿϧǣ忴һȦ֮󣬺εķ֣󲿷ֶܹΪǮ
ҪЩտƼĲͬҪͬȼĶһȨޡ
һȨ޿ýǮ򣬵ֻһһȨ޾ҪʮӣһȨҪһǧӡ
ȻպУҲпܻöһȨ޵Ľ
һȨȻ󣬵Ʒļ۸ȴ̫ڶһȨƷ棬һΪе֮ĵƷ
е֮ģںУɱεһҳ϶ǿĻ۸ʮӡ
Ľܣ̾ͷӦ˹ⲻǵĻԴô
ڱνյļֵʮӵļ۸񲢲󣬵ǹһȨ޵һǧӣȴһ֡
ֻܿˮˡ
ϵͳĶ㹺һȨ޵ĻѣжȫﳬֵȻһζһȨޣ嵱ȻŹᡣ
ڸϵͳ淭һ֮巢һȨĶʵޣ˼һ֮ѡһ̨ԡ
һǧӣϾͶһɫıʼǱһֺܿƻõζ
򿪱ʼǱĻ̳һֵСŮӰ˵ã𣬺ܸΪ񣡡
ָ£һϵа󶨣ӴԺ󣬳Ȩ̨Ծֻܹʹá
ͨѯ֮Ҳ֪ûĵطϻﶼס
Լȥɣ㡣
ְ֮ϵͳƷɽһ˳
⽣⻮ʮ弶֮ǰʹɵս
һ𶦣һܣᴿҩЧͼҩɳɹʡ
еĽ鿴һ֮󣬶ڽʵҲһЩ뷨
ڿҪʵĻһѧϰܣһǿ
ѧϰܵĻڵľ鲻ʱܹʵˣֻͨǿʵ
һԼĲƲһǧңֱӹ99һѪ˾ǧŰĲƲһӾȥ˴롣
ڽǮĸоѾһЩˡʵУһǮûĸоһϷ̳ǣǮȴǲá
ܿͽЩͷ׿˵ʵǿҪġ


64 Ϯ
彫99һѪȫСˣСȼܵĻ棬ŵæյռУС¥ˡ
սСռ䣬Ķȴһϵͳʾоʮֵ
3ɣһǧ㾭飬ϵɣ
1̽˳ԭʱ䣺һꡣǧ㾭顢۷ʧܳͷý10㡣Ϊ˰ϵͳͰ˼Ҫһݡ
ݣҲ΢΢̾һȻ򵥣Ĳ˵ǸʧܳͷЩüˣʮԣ൱ڽһ
ǵͼҲҪࡣ֮ǰһҹһһǽʶʮȨ˵ûжѣֻǻЩʱѡ
ͼҪͱȽˣǹǺεܵ֯绰Ҫಽ裬Ҫ̽ԭ̸ף
뵽ոնһǧ㾭飬Ұ£ʼѧϰĸܡ
ѪųȻиʮձЧǳɹ̫ͣսеҲ
Խսıر񼼣ʱ̲˵ڵʵʹñҲԵֿЩģɱ
գ廹ѡ˶Ĳ˵ֽ׶ΣĻûʲôܹס
Ҳû취飬Ҫ󣬲ù˼κˣҪôʵǿκһȭ飬Ҫô죬˭޷ɱ
ʱɿĸϹ
һǹرжС飬һŷ׼ǰֹرжĹ˳Ա
رжɳСĿģǽסȻؾǡ
һб仯ԭ򣬶ΪϽӵͨ绰ǷѼҵķƽԴǵġڵ绰棬ƽԸǿϷĴڡ
֪Ϸܹ֮һʱ뵽ģЩսԼĿѧңЩߡ
ЩɵЭᣬ͹ȫͬǹҵĸ󻼡
ܹڣΪʵôǿ󣬶ΪӵЩӴĹϵּҲһֱԱΪ
ΪЩӵرж͹˵ĹϵҲܸӣڽһϵкͬʱ໥֮ҲһЩжԡ
ЭȴǲͬЩԱǻԵɺϿͨˣûκεĹϵܹ֯ڣǿʵ
ҲΪûйϵǺ͹֮ҲûжپֻƾԼ⣬޼ɵԼڷ֮ϡ
ҪԸЩߣֻģɱ϶ǲܵģԶԸǵΨһ취ֻǣơ
رжʮ٣ֻʮûЭȡ
رжʮߵʵǿô󲿷ҲɵƽҲ̫š
Ϊоܲԭ򣬹Ҳ֯ڶѧҽһϵеоȻ˹ߣȴҵһֹеϸ
رжѾȫ˲ӵϸˣȴûκΰ취ǵܣֻǿܡ
Ҳпѧ²⣬Щ֮޷ܣΪ򿪷ȲΪ̫أоҲһֱûʲôչ
˵˿Ϸ֮͸о͸⿪ϷпܸرжĿڶߡ
̾ɳСǰУȻָݼеĳ´˸绰С齫ס
Ȼ裬岢Ͽô򵥣ȴԾʮֵļ֣Ҳֻν
رжŪôĶ˺ܿҲ֪Ϣ֪ǵĿ꣬֯õʱҲɳһǰȥ
Ϊ˫Ŀ壬ʱȴڵĿתĿųռ䣬ʱţСϵĻѾС
һܴգСϲǻɫëһ˸źɫë忴ͺһɫ觵̶ɡ
鿴һСԣֹ̲ס¶ϲɫ
ȸ
ȼ0
Ѫ1000/1000
Ԫ1000/1000
ѪԴ
ѪŨȣ10%
ָ200
ָ200
ֵ0/100
ܣ
һˣ͸ʮǿľָ/20Ԫ
裺Ӷ򣬾ۼγ𣬴ˡľָ/10Ԫ
С˵Ƿʵɱ䣬ҲȸʵǱһٱﵽ˳˶ʮԡ


65 Ǿսɣ
СһղŽʱעȫϣ³һʱϣղ񻹸һ˼Ҫ
ƷͿһԹӵװװ鱾˿߳ʽɫ͸΢΢Ĺһͷͬһ㡣
Ȿ˼Ҫó֮̾һϵͳʾ
ؼ˼ҪǷѧϰ
ѧϰ
Ļ䣬еװͻһ׹⣬ܽԺ
ͬʱӰԺг֣ϵʾŰ˼ȭ־Ҫͼɣ£ڰ˼ȭҲǷɿ
Ŷڰ˼ȭҪ˫չʼԭվ׮ϵÿһ鼡ⶼ΢΢ž졣
˼ҪȻʱڲǿָеķɣսʽķ˵Ǽİ
ǰһٽ޻һٽĸû䣬ܹӳʵȴǿ˼
ʹã
һƷһһǾʧҲӳٹ
ԭѾ۵Щɢվ׮ʱӳҲܿ챻ۺһ
һСʱ֮建ƣļɳ
˼ȭҪȫڻ֮ͨ¥ĵ
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壬ŷ֣̫ˣٻٻһۣЦ
ˣٻٻķ׭ȥôڵǰ£һ䡣
ȥˣǱʹ÷׭ļˣѾһˡ壬﹤ʵ̫ˣÿһĹʣŶе㲻˼ٻٻЩ̾˵
Ǻð찡¸Ĺʼ룬ǧˡͷҲûأЦ˵
壡ɶʱңٻٻЩŭĺ
ЦˣȻķ׭ѾھͻȥɣͲˣ١
Ǿллϰˡϰ𰲣СŮӾ͸ˣٻٻһȻְ߸˵غŸˡ
ٻٻ֣ⷬҡҡͷѾͷСƵģÿȥҲ죡
һʱ䣬һҲȫƣк֮Ҳ׷뿪
һ۵ϵʱ䣬Ѿʮһˣ緹ĵˡ
ûʲô飬ǾԼȥǸ԰ӿȥԴеĸо˳ǸĻָʹߵ˭һ
Ҫŵʱ򣬴߽һŮһɫ½ȫչֳ٣ɢڱϡ
ϸؿۣ߾ָǿϳŮӣǴεԸٸ¡
ҪұȽԼ۾һ治ȷ㡣£ңǲǹʲôָʾ´ﰡ
Ŀ⽫´һ飬ſʵ
Ŀ⣬º⣬ֱߵǰ壬һҪؾǣΪҪЭϣܹϡ
ô͸ıˣҿǼǵãһλ˵ʲôһҧʮ¾ڿߵڲ̫ðûаǳ׵ҧʹǣѾ϶ˣֻһвľ
һЦݵĿų£˵
壬ϣܹǺ㱣֤ԲκΣգ±˵
˵أһƷзշÿֶһǷ׭ʧ
ļһᶶҲһͬʱһ㱡ĹĤɣƤ
ֻܶץؾˡ³
ಣಣಡ
һƿӷǬ棬ܽʮװŮÿһ˵ϣһɲϢ
УȰ˵ƻʧˣֻܶˡһһ׾ţԲ׳˵
ߣҲ֪ʲôù˼ɵģһձҵĴѧǲҪǰٱħŮĵԽԽСˡһݸߵӣ˵
û˵ˣ½ض壬ʵ壬ٸһѡĻᣬǻȥ
һЦǾսɣ
˵գҽ͵һţǰܣǰľʹֻ̨˲䣬ײ£Ƭ¼Ҳæˡ


66 һʮ
зļӳ£ٶȴﵽ£һʮףµ˵ķӦȻǰȴǸ
ֱӺײһߵĻǿȻǸ߾Ƕߵķһ㣬ֱӴӷǬз˳ȥˤڵأһʱ䶯á
ӦһһƣٴһߣҼǰΣֱײߵؿڣꡱߵؿֱӰȥһѪɶԶĵϣ֪
գ֮䣬ˣһǳɣˮЩ壬ͺǴĺͯһ㣬ȫûκεĵֿ֮
Щʵ̫ͣΪʵ̫ǿ׻˵һʮᣬǧټķɣÿһιֵ
һЩǿĹߣȻҲܴǧǵҲһǧң⻹ļӳ£ֻķɣܹı
ǵѧϰ˰˼Ҫ֮սҲ֮£սȻ걬ǡ
׼ʤ׷˵ʱһԵĳ³ˣв֪ʲôʱ򣬳һγ籣þһͲұϡ
ߡһץס籵м䣬Ȼ˫͵һ
ԤеĲ˺ûд籲֪ʲôƳɣǧ˺֮£Ȼ
½Ųһ㣬ĺȥͬʱеĳ籣ڿлһȦȥ
ڴͬʱʣµļߣҲȫӦ׷Χ˹
ղǸһ׾ŵ׳Ѹٱɫºһɼһ㣬˫һģһ޴Ľײ˹ȥ
ǸҲŭ߳һ˫Ѹٱ󣬳ֳһϺ֮ɫͬʱȳζƮɢ
Цһҽһ㣬ٺˣͬʱļҲǽ˿ʳһ㡣
վ屳Ǹߣ˹̾һϲ˫ֳצļιץȥ
ÿָ϶һĽǣ˸ĹâżƿϮȥ
΢΢ŲһͲߵ˫֮䣬żһΣ˫۱Ȼͣ٣ֱײϡ
꣬ꡭǿҵײǸߵĹ׷׶ѣ屻ײ÷𣬽Աߵһֱҷ
ӰΧȦ˳֮һϵĳ籣һͷĳ¾ɼı˹
ʱǸƮֱ̣Ҳ࣬˫ȥ
һΣ籾ͽӵ˫סȭûӡؿڣ̲صľֱӽعǴ顣
³ûɿг籣˫紩һ㣬˫ۺͺṥȥ
û˳籵ǣƣ峹׷ſֽţͰԵİ˼ȭһЩ߶ԣֱجһĴڡ
鱨в˵ֻһͨѧҵô˭Ѽ鱨һȥ֮󣬿Ҳÿ
ǸһߴŴһˣѹʣµļߴЩҧгݵ˵
˴ʱڼֵֻгºǸ׳໥ϣֵ¿֧š
ϵĴ£Ǹ׳ϵɫѾʼˣȻ֧Ų˶ˡ
ʱһƿʮͬװ꣬ӿ˽ͷһˡ
ڵǸ˱㺰ġס֣֡Ķ˺ڡ
Ϊῴ屻ѹŴ򣬻ѾܣôҲû뵽رжЩˣǰץ壬ȴ巴ɷˡ
ǸһᣬһȭǸ׳Ҳ֧Ųס嵹ɶѪϵ
£ڣ㻹ҪһȥȷҲ֣ͣųºĳЦ
βɹ´Ҳġ±˿δ䣬˵
´βˣǹ˱ˡ
ſڵǸһ˵ţһ˹
飬ǹòҪ֣ĺܹеġĿ߽ĺˡ
غߵ죬رж˵ǾԲʧġ
壬ûȤˣ˳ԱɶȺܸߣֻҪÿһ񣬾Ϳṩһϵз񡣲ֻҪǣǱ֤㲻ܵһЩ˵в
û£һЦеĶ˵


67 ȥ
ڷǬЩӲʱнһ·ԣһŸӳɫãͷһñվմɳ̲һ
鷳õˣЩ˺رж˻ǲͣˣǾ½ˣкöŮأ
վ·ߣһˬı飬ﲻϵعš
·һ˻֣غͣ
֨һɲ̾ͣͬʱ
ȻҲֻܽˣ³ɣҪˣߵԣĳ΢Щ˵
̬ȣһǷģǰճ˾ǲһ٣Ҳ񾭲
Ǹ˾ĻɫЩãȻæ³ʮֹ˵ܹҵĳҵңھˡ
û˾ֱȻųֱǸ˾һֱվԭء
һ֮˾źǴγһ㣬Ȼһ𾪵ҵĳأҸղŻųģôһĹ򣬳Ͳˡ
Ǭڡ
Ļ¶ָȤɫ
1Ҫ󣬾ǲ˳ԭ˵ĻѶɻήͺܶࡣ
¶ı飬̾ͽļ˹ˣôǵĴͻʮֱ
Ҫ˵ʱһЩԱߴ
ҪҪ͹𣿱ˣĸĸڻģҲϣǵΪܵӰɣ
仰ɫһתͷǿվŵǸݸӣɱ
ղűΧҲûжɱҪȻǼ˾Ͳ˵ˣֻ͸ˡ
ӣǧã򲻸ãĸĸвǾ岻ܴĽɡ
ƾղŵǼ仰͸ɫ䣬ŲһţǸӳȥ
ã
Ǹ˵Ƿʱ򣬳¾Ǿһ
ǵӦʱѾǸӵǰĲӣֱӽ
壬ס֣һߺţһٽӽ
䡱ûµĺУұݺݵؽǸ˵ϣڵˣоһ
ǸӷһҵḺ̌ڵϣﲻϵѪ֪˶ٸͷ
Ҹĸвң
˵ŻٴΰȻݺݵڵϡ
壬ס֣
ʱѾ󣬷һȣͬʱ˫ֳ幥
ͷҲûأֱӻһȭ˳µؿڣֱӺɣŭһҲӹղû㣬֪ԼĽô
رжߣȻԸϣǴʱۿҪҲֻӲͷƤǰֹ
ȻǸӵĲӣϵĽڵϣ򽫳Щߺˡ
ƣ㰲ǲĵˣĵҲһ󷢺
ʮ֮Ǹӵ壬ʱѾһ㣬̱ڵϣﲻѪ
žડɿֱ֣֪Ӿˤ˵ϡ
ҿԼǹˣ뱣֤ҸĸܵĳЩ˵Ĵšߵǰ˵
ãû⣬ұ֤㸸ĸᱻšһϲЦǺǵ˵
Ҫ壬κղŵĻֻԼǶ̬ȣҲʮѺõģҪǵĳ⡣æֹ
ǵĳ⣿ҸղſѾˣЦһǷ̡
ЩСɫ黹డ˵ҪͻȻܵڻڶȼأ̫ɶˣ
˳ķȥͿһɳ̲㣬һñӣվڷǬſڡ
ʲôȻʴʣ˵ȣҹȥһߣһŭɫǸȥ
󣬻Ǹòɫ䣬æе
ΪʱѾ嵽ǸǰȭͷЯž޴Ǹջȥ
ۿȭͷҪײϣǸŲͣ
ԭڵɫ˲ãȻͣԭأٶ˿
ֻ֪ɱɱç˿žͷ㻹ǹȥɣﰭҵۡǸ˻֣Щ˵


68 ʦ׾
ǸĻֱ֮ӾͶӣȻȥ
һĻɫѿ֮
Эĵʮ֣ʦ׾ǺֶΣȻ鴫Ǹ꣬ҧгݵ˵
Ŀ̬ܲҺܲˬӦ죡׾ǹЦ˵
۾͵صԲƴֿʲôֻǼ˼ӣϾ¶ãı顣
žžž˫̧ƴԼ⣬ܿǿѣѪԾǺȱ˶һ
һĻԱߵȫ﷢ֱӵĹǻĵֵιĹȴǸеһ
׾ʲô¿׾ɫصʵ
ΪҪǵܣ㶫ģһᱻϴŹ˵оǸˣɱǰ
׾һˬվſڣǱԹ
׾ңɱĻѵͲδ𣿡ŭʵ
ɱǲûкôᱻǼ׷ɱ;鷳ˣҲɱأοôƯôɱأ
׾˰֣벻˵󻹵Ц˳һ䡣
һεĿ˭ץʲôĿģ˵һ¡׾һرжĹһָЦʵ
ǸûУ˵壬׾˹ȥ
ۣҪѹ
һߴţһҪǰֹߡ
ҲŮֵģΪʲôҪأˣʵʵվԭأҪҶҲҪ󺰴У԰׾һε˵
ԭǰܵͣסϵı鲻ϱ仯һһãȻƴֿ׾ܡ
ǣֻ֧ʮ룬¾Ҳֵס񳹵ױã
Ů־ǼǿǸˣԽԽˡǺǺǡ׾Ц
һУֻԹۣ׾ǹĹҲɵ֮⡣
׾ղŵıӦӵоƵܣҲҿ϶ֿܲܵԷĿơ
һεĿץΪĿϷַ׭пܼǱߵܡǸб۵ĹߣʱѾߵ׾Աߣ˵ţָָȺе塣
۵Ļ֮׾̾˫۷Ŀ壬֪ΪʲôرжŰȥˡ
ǱߣЩӵߵϸȴûмܵˣǾߵĺ󱸾ҲǴЩеġ
ˣЭرжǱߣȴûʲô취Щ˵ܣֻƾȻ
Ȼÿ궼һߵǴ󲿷ֵǱߣȴǸûмܵĿܡ
ǰżǱߵֶΣֻҪȥڶǱ߱ߣܹʹЭǿü
γջ񣬻ⰡСӣһȥ׾һָ壬Щ˷ܵ˵
ãߣһҪֹǸ׳ŭһٴθһɫż׾ȥ
һԹ˵ˣʱҲ׾ȥЭ˫ͬĵˣǾԲ׾塣
ѽѽһȺç򣬶ʹɱɱģᷳҿǰһָ裬һɣ
׾Ļһ䣬ԭЩȫס˽ŲȻһ飬Сһָ衣
һһһֻȸ¡
ǳͯȤĸһȺ˳ĳ棬ô⡣
ʱ壬Ҳڵֵ׾ľơ
ղ׾˵Ǿ仰֮͸оһɹľԺһһٵزסԪ
һԪ͵һֱӾͽǹɾ𿪡
⾫ôӦһԪ̽ǹɾȻḥ̂׾ľĥ÷顣

ԭڵ߹ȥ׾󣬴ʱҲǹɾʧˡ
ҸղЩСˣû뵽㻹мֱ°һΣҵҪܲܵס
׾һؿ壬һӿ񳱴һ㣬ȥ
׾ľ񳱣ҲǸоһ㱣ԪĵȼȾߣֻһ˲䣬ͻᱻ׾ơ


69 ʵս
ľǲһˣʲôǹԹԵĸ߰ɣ׾壬Щ԰˵
ǿɲһҧ˵һ䣬Ȼ˲ʹԭʧ
顱׾ֻоԴ˵һǰһڣһʹȻɼĵ˳ȥ
ܴҲʶ㣡վ׾ղڵĵطݺݵ˵
׾˻ЩεԴ˲ǵѪȻۿ壬ЩȻҲߣǳҵϰ
ղſúƾճǰģⲻΪƶĻþΪͨ۾ģ֪ͨġ
ֻһֽͣǾпռܡ
ղһȭ׾ϣľ𶯣ƵЩҲ˹仰
ߣ׾仰Լͨ͵ϣҲ̲ס¶Цݡ
ǿıӰĿⲻϵ˸ﲻϵ˼Žİ취
׾ԼĶܵ˿ռܣҲûн͵˼ɣͿռҲǲࡣ
һȭûд㣬ҲܳҵϣƵ˵
ҲȷЩȣղſʹȫһȭȥ֣˵ԴˣһҲҪһȭӡ
׾ȻֻѪԴΣûܶصˡ
Ϊֻʹ𣿾ܶ壬ȫЩ߿Աġ˵׾͵ش˹ȥ
˫ȭһܣס׾Ĺ˫۵Ĺͷȴһʹ
ôҵȭͷӲھ㣬Эƾʲôܹ͹ҶԿΪʲôĳ
׾һ߹壬һߴЦ˵
׾һ֮ͲӲĹǲϵĽĹƣ׾ӲȣҲǳ˵ļʮǿ̫ࡣ
ʹ˾ͽշղһ£˵ֱӱ׾Ѹ첲ˡ
䡱䡱䡱
׾Ĺ㿪ȫ䵽˽ֵϣܲס׾һѿڣ¶ˮܵ
߾޴죬ܿͽΧЩ˹
ʯɡĳ棬ΧЩȺȫɵˣĵӰô
ǰһֱΪֳֻڵӰŻ֣û뵽ȴʵпˣͶ֮䣬ףرѣ̫ǿˣһ̾˵
Ժ˭Ҫڸ˵йУֱǰɷҲʵ̫ˡƣ˵Ѫ֮ˣǸֻ֮¼ҲҪϡáԱߵǸӣĿתĿųе˷ܵ
˵Ļ䣬׾һ˵ϣѿڵĵ֧Ųס¡һ죬ֱݳһֱĴ󶴡
Сӣ㲻пռô㵹ðһΣͽĿ˰ɣ׾һſĽһ߹Цš
ȻôȲҾúԱŰζ
˵ֱ֮ʧ׾ĹգȻ󻹲ӦѾϿգһȭĲϡ
׾Ӳ̫ߣԴĻûʲôЧԹԱȽĲӡ
ꡱһ죬׾Ĳӷһ죬ЩŤ
׷ȭĲȥʱ׾ѾӦ˹һתұɨȥ
׾Ӧһ˸ʧԭءٳʱѾһ׾䴦
׼׾һͽ嵯󷭣ҽż˳׾ļ׵ȥ
׾һΣ׵ԱȥĽżıϡ
׾תҪʱٴʧȻһǶ׾
ʹ˶֮֮ĹתѾˣ׾һֱѹŴ򣬲һʱ֮ȴҲ޷κ׾
սĹУ廹ȵķ֣׾ϵŤ𽥵Ļָ
ʮֵɻ׾Ǿֲǳǿôܵ˻ָô죿
ˣˣⳡս̫ˣȥϾǸţ㣬ҿûй򡣡
˵֮׾һˬı飬ת뿪
վԭأɫЩĿȥ׾ҪĻɽȸԪЩƶҪóпܡ
ǳǻһԿţ򲻵ѣ岻ԸʹЩƣϾһʹЩƣпܻᱻԣʱܹӵþҪСöࡣ


70 ͽ
˵óЩƣҲпܽ׾Ͼ׾ʵǲ
Ҳ鲻ʹ˽ᣬ˵ģ˵յĿϷ϶Ǹı֮
׾ʱ˼պ󻹻иǿ鷳ʱսȫ壬Ӯ治һ
ս֮ΧЩȫǻ˻Դγһ㣬˿ܣ֪ԼΪʲôΧ
ΧЩ˵ı֣ﻹף׾ߵʱ򣬰Χ˵ļȫĨˡ
ΧЩ˿ŵϵЩ󶴣ȫ۷׷ףⲻ֪ʲôʱֵӡ
һ֮󣬾оϹЩΧҿʼɢΧЩ·ˡ
ȵΧɢ֮߹
ǻûµĻǾ뿪ɣҪϢ˵Ҫŵȥ
ȵȣ壬ǿ̸̸֮ĹϵӦ˽ӲͻȻڽס塣
ʲô飬춼˵ɣ
˵̵̣źȻϣſһˡ
׼뿪ʱ򣬵ͻȻ򿪣Ŵɳһ壬й߽ס֮󣬲ŷ֮ǰŪ֪κ
ǻҪŻȥ㱨սǾ뿪ˡЦźͳ´˸кʹһڹ뿪
ߡĻŭһǼ߷ԸȻؾǣҸϴ㱨
ǣ֪ˡǼӦڵĹȴ˴ǱֻܻĻȥвʡ
ȵǼҲ뿪֮󣬳绰˹ȥ
ϴʧˣ˶ˣκһϢܻܲȫ⡣
µĻرĬһ֮󣬲ųʵǸʵǿô
ûǣƵĻ֮г£ûܹ³ŹУпռܣܹɵ˲ƣ׾˸ƽ֡
ʲô׾һƽ֣ǰЩ軹ֻɫһ仰ʱȴֱӾ˳
ЭʮʲôʵһǿܹӲһĴڣȻܹһƽ֣ʵжǿ
׾ûд̣Ҳеֿ׾ƵټĿռܣ׾ֻǺһս֮󣬾뿪ˡֽ˵
绰Ǳߵ賤һ
ղǲ㱻µĻŻˣΪǸܹԿ׾û뵽׾ֻǺˡ
ֻܺ׾ʵҲС֪˵ʲôԸı䣬һнȫȨҪɺܽرж
˵ֱ֮ӹ˵绰
Ȱ˵ʵСû⣬û뵽ͷȴĽЦҡҡͷ
ղ׾Ǹֲļһƾһ֮رжУΪЭḱ᳤Ǹˡ
һξ͹ˣ֪ߣҲͲô³çɹСӹȥˡ̾һ
ڶ죬ڶಡʹ׭뿪֮󣬳ºͰ
һ̣Ȱڣ¾æ˵壬ѾȫȨҴˣ̸̸
忴һԵİһۣûֱӶԳ˵ðǾ̸ɣǵڳҿǵĳ⡣
˿Աߵİҧҧ壬رжϣܹҵ롣
ǣĳأ˿Ϊ֮
֮ǰҪҪɱģ֪ԼǺˣֹ£ʲôȥˣ
رжڹʲôƨɣҲҪϷ۸ǣǿ԰Ԭļ۸򡣡
¿壬һʮı飬֣ص˵
ʲôǶܶסĶܶסôǰ㣬Цʵ
壬Ӧ֪Щ飬رжҪܶԶ֮ģϴյĻǱɣʱ˭ҲȲ㡣
ºĻһæȰ
ģҲɵӣЩġֻҲӦ˽ҵԸ۲ǷǵˣֻҪЩԶ㣬ұ֤ƨ¶У
˰֣˳µȰ롣
ô˵ӦˣЩϲʵ


71 ˵ʷ
ûʲôȨ˵
ͳµĶԻһԵİſԣǱ˻ȥ
һж忴Ե˵ͷܰⷬǼ٣̬ʮֵÿ϶ġ
ÿκʡµĹԱ㶼мȨȨʱץȨͬʱһͨӵʱȨ
˵֮󣬳¾ͽ壬ҪķӦ
ĿϣһЦ˵ӣһ£֮һûɼ˰ŵȨ
ǻɣĸ˰á
ǾûˣͬǣǲȥǵģôӦʱǡ
Ŀǰ˵رжõѡĺ͹˺ȻܹŸĸӳȥɲԸĸĵӡ
֮ԺͳսҲҪ͹ҷҪȻҲˣֻͨսչԼʵ
Ϊûʲôʱرж޼ɵĳץ֪ʵ֮Ǿ;Բ顣
ΪȫӳȥÿϷͱ潻ⲻԸ⿴ġ
£̾ͻת̬ȣҪ壬ǿʼ£Ρ
βǽЭζεЩȫ֪ȫܣξǸ֪ȥѡһȷ·Ե֪仯ʱѡ·Ҳͻ֮仯
Ժῴǵĳģͻ֤͸㣬ʱʽΪرжһԱˡ
ҲǷͬرж˫ĹϵҲһЩ
ǹ˵֤Ҳ͹ҿȴӦǵģ˼رжĶȻֿ˵
ʲô㻹Ҫˣ壬ѾرжôȥˣЩŭĿ壬оԼˣˡ
Ҹղѽ˵ҿԼ˰ţǹ˲Ǹ˰𣿡һ޹˵
ǰǹһֱߵľۼأôܲǸ˰ţһ˵
ͰһһͣϺ˪ܲ
壬׼ʮſϷ֤ʱǵҲ㽻׵ġ˵仰󣬳¾ת뿪ˡ
ŭ뿪ҡͷЦЦ
壬ǹ˵֤ȥֻ֮Ҫڵ汸ͿˡݸһɫĻ¡
ϸ磬Ǿ鷳ˡ
鷳˵ģҲһˡڲվͨ˺ţȻֻһȨޣҲԽ˽һˡ˵ŻֵݸһU̡
õģһȥһµġӹỤһ£һֲ֪Ľ죬΢󣬸оǿ
Ҿˣпյʱ򣬿ȥַܲվдšЦһ֣ת뿪
ϸߣҾͲˡ
ȵ뿪֮Ȳذ˳ȻU̲ڽӿ
𣬽UЯվҰȫռҪúõĿ
뷨ܼ򵥣ܹվҵ˳ԭô1Ϳɵˡ
ǣˡ𽿺Ӧһ̾ʧĻϡ
ʮֵ֮СӰٴγڵĻϣˣվϵЩϣѾȫҸˡ
Щһ£ڵϰɣ
ͿʼϵĹϣһʱ䣬ŰеϿꡣ
峤һһŶͷһ߿ʼԺеϢ
˳ʱ磬1925Ѿˣ֮һֱڰĬĬ׳֮ļһתΪ淢չ
ԱҪԸ͸Ϊͬʱ¼ڶСɡСһЩиּС
ǶвٵĹͶ뵽ս֮Уһսʤ󣬻ع˹ˣȻҲвѡΪЧ
ЩΪЧĹߣͳڵرжҲǺ͹˵Ĺϵ˸ӵԭ
ӱͬͬԴڿǳͬһ壬ĳЩ棬໥
֮Ķϣǲֵĳ̶ȣƽʱ໥˳ȴѾǳ̬


72 ǿ
˾ΪʲôȻЩжֲֻ᣿
еϣȻõϢ֪˹˺رжĹϵҪҵĹ˳ԭȴһչûС
ֻҪϵϣûҲģֻͣЩֽ鱣ģ߱ϵķû
֮һЦһҪҸʱ䣬ȥܲһˡ
ƺС
һ߱׾̨Ӿرߵϼ£§һȻŮֻʱǼͦĸץѡ
ʱ׾һԵֻ
׾۾ûֱӰֻ½ιȻҴ˯һɡ
ɺܼ򵥣򲻹ңһʮִֵ׾Ļﴫ
׾ֱѻǸŮƿ
Ͼţ쵰´ιʱܲܲһŮϣ׾ָǸŮƿڴ
׾ƿǸŮɿı仯ܿͱһòĴ󺺡
Ҳû취ֻŮѪ⣬ֻܸϡǸޱ飬˵
ʮ´һ⣬ߵﶼţϾžͲḽŮˡ
ӾرߵͻȻ洫һӵĵЦ
֨֨һӾķݿʼŤγһľ߽ʸе
׾εŶͷ走һĶȫˣ
ôСʮ㲻ӭôһöŮвʵ
Ů֣һԵ̫ɡ䡱һȼܵĻγһԸеŮ
ΧЩֲҲһ˲ȫήڵˮֶˡ
ôܣҪôܲӭ׾һǿЦ˵
ǰһУĵΣ⼸һÿιҪŪ߰㣬ձٹƵġ
ʮ˵ξȻ㱻һСһˣٴδǸֻ
ֻɶİ˸磬ҷɲǷǹЦҵġ˵ˣֻǺǸСһһǺѡ
ʮʲôôǸγɵӣ˵
ǸСӺпռܣһЩչǱǹҪ뿴˭пգȥЭ׾£Щɢ˵
СʮΪ£ȻΪݣǸǸγɵŮӣֱ׾ӳһ޴Ļţ׾æһ㿪ֻµǸȴ޷ѣֱӱճ˻ҽ
ߣ´ҪΪ´ңҾҪÿǸγɵŮӽһγһըĽ
ģǸγɵӣ˵仰֮ҲǱĽƬڵϣһײ
ʮ黹Լɣ洫仰֮󣬷һ̶֮Ҳûжˡ
Ͼţ㲻ҲҪ߰ɣʵǸСͦģҪǲЭᣬͦϧġ
ðɣ㣡Ǹ󺺿һ֮󣬴Ӧһ仯»ǸŮģȻԵء
űƻĲӵ̨׾εͷ
ӡʱɵڵϵǸŮӻ˹
٣ôˣôǱһΧǸŮһȵ˵
ˣ˰ɣȥȥһЩ¡׾ǸŮ֣§ȥ
ڶϣǬûпŵʱ򣬾һȺɥˣۼ˷Ǭſڣм䣬ĵܣÿһ˫Ŀյˡ
ֵϿʼ߶֮ǾͿʼ޺龰̾ͽΧЩ˹
ϹĺòҰ˵Ǭķ׭ΰٲ֪ƭ˵İصû೤ʱ䣬͸˰
ҵĶ㶼ǱǸɱǧĵϰ度İķ׭Ͳãıƺ
裬衭
ӿɷ˿޶ӣС裬һʱ֮䣬ֿȫһγһּ䱯ҵķΧ
û뵽ǬȻƭ˵ģһأǺ˲ǳ
˭˵أŵĶƭ˵İϷ죬ǬȻǮƭֱ
Ҽǵ̵ϰ壬˻ǲʲô᣿
ʲô᣿߼ˣҸ㣬ͷ֪֪治֪ġ


73 粨ʼ
˯壬һ޺ѣüͷҼǵΧûʲôס˭ˣôɥأ
ϸ洫ĿɫһӱѿȻԼ鷳ġ
崩·¥˵ţĿ俴ǹһأϿ޺ŵȺ
ǬĵŴ򿪣Щ˿޺ŵԽ
ұ죡Ƕҵſڿʲô˵£û¹ɫͷ˵
̬ȣŭ˵Ͽ޺ŵЩˣһΧ۵ȺڣҲȫ¶һߵģ
ɱ˷㣬㺦ҵɷЩ׭ûãƭӣ
һŮ͵˹ץסĿȲš
ȷﹺ׭ɷֻҪһ¹¼֪ûҵķ׭ˡЦ˵
ָļҲǴÿһĹ˿ܼͣסǵģڱסȵŮˣǴûġ
òˣﻹķ׭ǸŮ˵Żʹӿڴͳһŷ׭ƱֽƳɵķֽϣɰŷġ
ӹŷ׭·һ£ûԪŷ׭Щȫһ
˴ʱ忪ʼɣ긾ŮǲǱ˸ƭˣ
ⲻҵķ׭ǲǱ˸ƭˣ˼ٵķ׭ˣʱ̬ҲºһЩϾ긾ŮҲпܺߡ
˵׭ģҵġǸ긾Ůһ϶˵
긾Ů˵ʱ긾ŮǱƭˣרŹ鷳ġ
ҷǬĹأشҶ֪ȥķ׭ֻܹڵʹãͲ̣ŷ׭Ǵģ
ؿǸ긾Ůʵ
һǮķ׭ƾʲôọ́Ҿʹóˣô긾Ůɫ΢΢һ䣬һ䣬̬˵
˼鷳һ£Ǽߣɷµġ
׼ʱ򣬼ϹļߣʹȺм˹
Щߵһ˲䣬֪ûô򵥣Ӹղŵڣܹûʮʱ䣬߾ܸϵɣ϶һˡ
ǸĻָʹߵĺ𣿵Щ׳нζǺܲҵǣǵ緹ҡﰵ
Ȼ;øղŵ뷨ﲻԾζһ£ŷְԼɵ緹ңе⡣
ǿһҪҷǬıƺЩ׭ȫƭ˵ģͲá
عƭӣعĵ̣ĵ̼ˡ
֮ȺɥУмΧ˹ȥϵǸ߿š
¼Щ˵ĻЩ˼Ƭ˹
ã̵ĵǡԹձļߣνӵϢ˵ķ׭ˣԹɷһ£飬֪ôģ
Ϊ׵ǸһĽԼ֮̾ȲĽ¼쵽ǰ
ûʲô˵ģȺûһڷǬ׭£ҲòǵĿġ
˼ǶµģǸ߽ʵ
ǲǹµģҶ֪þɣ˵֮Ҳſڵˣֱת˵̡
ղѾ´˵绰ܹܿ
һ֮󣬶ٻٻææĴܽһŵʵôˣôô˴ɥǵķ׭ʲô˰ɣ
԰ǵķ׭ˣ˶ˣûſŵǼǡ峯̧̧°ͣٻٻЦ
ôˣǸô찡ôˣһ鷳ģ˵ҪΡٻٻȹϵϣתתȥ
壬ҪȻڻû·ϽʰϸܰɣҸ㶥ţҾ˵ֻǸ򹤵ģʲô֪
ٻٻͻȻͣסתһĶ˵
ٻٻǼЩЦЩжֻø˵ʵ飺Щ˺Ǹûϵǻ˷׭Ϊ֤أⴿǳ⣡
ûϵ㲻˵ղˡЩҲ̫ɶˣûϵҪ̧ǵǰⲻǶ𣿡
ٻٻ˵ŻһŭľҪȥЩۣæקסˡ
㲻ùˣѾˣܿͻоԸǡһԲϵİŶٻٻ


74 粨ɢ
ʮ֮󣬾оϵʼȰ˵ǬЩ뿪
Щ߲ûϢģ䱾׷ָЩ˵ΪŰ
ЩİϲվһߣϵİһһŵƬ
еϣЩЩ߷ͻĻǾһԻдˡ
ЩʧǣЩʮֵĿƣֱЩȫȰ˵뿪˫Ҳûзʲôͻ
ЩѾɢˣЩҲֻ뿪ˡ
Ӹ磬ﶼûʲôͻȻȥôдһ۵ļߣԱߵļʵ
һ֦ʣôдȻ˽ˣǾͰ˼дˣôʲôԱߵǸ߰һۡ
ǣӸ磬ҪʵĻﲻҪ󰡣ѵҪ׫һЩǸļСʵ
׫ţҲ̫ӸˣôֵͼֶΡʲôһ飬ҾʵĲϣдȫ෴ʵ
Ǹӵļ߹ЦţǸߵļ˵
Χ۵·Ҳ뿪֮󣬷Ǭڻָ˰û೤ʱ䣬һӴ˽
ãرжƺ֤ģ˳㽻ʮſϷ
һЦݵĴкѰرжֵطϵһ
Ҳ֪ҵ˺ţת֮ʱʮſϷ뿪ˡ
һ˵ţһóʮſϷ˹̨ϡ
ھʹ绰ǿʼתˣƺЦЦȻͨ˵绰
֮յ˶ţпʮñңҲò̾ǹҲŵ飬аЧʻǿ죬ʮԪȵתˣӾɡ
֤ԺرжһԱˡҵƬרŸģԺҪʲô飬ҡ
ŶרŸһԱû⣬Ժʲô飬һ绰ġӹƺƬһ£Ц
ûʲôĻҾȸˡͶٻٻ˵ͷƺתȥ
߳˷Ǭ֮ƺҲһ֮ǰ˵ƢܲãκǶһ죬㱻ڻûѹأ
ȵƺ뿪֮󣬶ٻٻһʮֹ塣
Ҹѵϻлٻٻſһ̲֮ס˵
ղǸеʲôˣҸղ˵ʲôرжǲǼܲˣٻٻʵ
ҡҪ˵ͱٻٻˡ
Ҿ֪ܹôķ׭϶һˡſͻȻЩӿ϶ŪĶԲԣ̫ˣⶼܲµó
˷ܵȥĶٻٻеһ
ôҲµĶԲԣ
ٻٻͻȻվһԵ壬æѯ֤
ҸֻǺ㲻þʱģע㣬ʱˣ֪ô¡˵仰ת¥
ԽԽˡķ׭սҲǿеʱҲ̫˰ɣٻٻ
ѷ׭֮󣬾ֱӿ°ˣٸ˵ˡ¥ϴ
֪ˡٻٻӦһ
ɳ£г𣬶Ը𣬼ĵԣֻҪҵƬȫɾ
Щ˲ٵƬɲԼģΪ֪ߵﶼʶ
ǰܵЩɷãȫûнյҪԳЩ׭Ĳˣ˶֪ģ
ΨһڹǰƬǴŷϣΪ԰ı¶ģİ
æԼƬʱһִ¥´
׭ҲˣЩ׭ƭ˵ģҪ˻һЩŭ˵
˼ûҪʾһϰ塣ٻٻȰ˵
˸Ҫʾϰ壿ãϰҵҪ˵ʲô
⼸仰üͷ¥
ٻٻʲôˣ
ٻٻתͷ¥һĨ֮ɫ
壬˵ǵķ׭ƭ˵ģҪ˻
ҵϰ壿ϵ飬綼ˣǵķ׭ˣ㻹ʲô˵ģ
һɫƵӣǿվڹ̨ǰ棬¥壬ݺݵص


75 뷨
ûʲô˵ģٻٻ˿ĿһۣתŶٻٻ˵
õģͰٻٻӦһͿʼڵϲ
˳ǬúԶΪṩκηҪ˿ĲˣҲĮ˵
˵ٻٻһ£ö̵ָһͣס
壬úĻǵ˾͡ٻٻֹ
ǵԼѡģСˣûȥǵԣ˵֮ת¥ˡ
ɽկ׭屾ûжپӪȤ׬ǮƷ׭˵Ҫ˷Ѻܶʱ䣬һṩ飬ûһô
ҷ׭ֶΪĴھ;һԣֹעһЩ䶯ԵӰ죬Ҳǲϡ
֮Կ۷׭Ϊû׬ǮֶΣֻڲһˣְҵѾܹ׬ǮֶҲͶ
廹Щ֢Ĳˣ͹رշǬ취׬Ǯȥˡ
ǸղǸ겡˵ı֣ףЩ֢˵ǲɻȱģֻҪԸ⣬ʱرշǬ
ĲҪǬĻôҲͲΪɽկ׭ˡš
ڽʱֽʮѡ˻ٻٻķԸһ˿
ڽķ׭û꣬ԶٻٻҲû°࣬ȥ緹ൽ¥׼һԡ
ôͻȻķˣȻ֪緹ҳԡ緹Ķٻٻһ£Ц˵
㰮Բԡٻٻ緹ǰĲ輸ϣһƵһԵɳϡ
һ԰ɣȵ˷Ϳ°ˣкٻٻ
ķ׭ûأôܹ°ࣿ㲻Ҫҵְҵòãٻٻһ˫ӣ˼¡
İɣĳ۷׭룬ȡ׭ʱֻ޶磬ʱ򡣡һ߰ŷһ߻벻˵
룿壬кܶ򲻵׭ٻٻ¶˲̵ı顣
һǱܰһͲˣҲûʲôԺѾ߾Ʒ·ˡһ˵ţһҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ
극֮öٻٻ뿪ǿʼоôսЭ˲֪ʲôʱͻȻҪڶһЩʵ
һʵ֮󣬷ֻԪھǱ
Ԫͬʣܹƶ壬ֱӹ˵塣ھ黯ʣԴκдֱܹӹ˵ľ
ԪߵĽ壬ܹʵ֮ɵתζźܶ飬Ӳܱ˿ܡ
ԽԪ黯һ˵ڣȻתʵʣܼ򵥾ͿԽ˵ű
ԪĲ࣬ǴԵĻֻøӵɼ򵥡
£˵˵ȫһ֮䡣
ȻַҲоԵģ׾ǿߣ޷ʹַԸ
Ҫ׾ľʵ̫ǿķ£Ԫ黯֮󣬸޷ڣ̸ˡ
ȻԣԪֶΣҲǳγ˳Ρ
ʱһԵֻͻȻ
ιʲô£忴һֻĻϵʾͨ绰ʵ
磬п𣿵ʱһ˸ʶ󣬿ɵѹ
ȻѾرжԬܸǸ˲ǸȤǴӦԬһȥˡ
κһβͬϴεҽ𼸸˵ļԬԬԴȥﲻҲ˵ʲô
һҪˣҪԬǿܶ࣬Ԭ֪˶ٹ򣬲öԷӦһ棬ԬŬ׷ѡ
绰֮ŷѾˣԭ֪֮УΪ˼ԪãѾһʱ䡣
ʱҲȥˣһ£ҳһĵ绰ֱӴ˹ȥ˼ݲ˺ĸͷ
УɺƵ꣬4082ŷڡ
һ׳˶Ĵ󺺣ʱһԡɳϿŵӣԱһ͸ӰڲϵĻζ
ϾţȻ֪Э룬Ǽһǿˡ㲻̫Ӧ𣿾Ȼֻһֹֻ
Ǹ͸Ӱ棬׾


76 粨ʢ
ⲻҵ¡ũַһֻ֮أ᳤ʱָȥ鿴һ£һֹֻѾǹˡҪȻȥֻ֮أҾȫǸ˵
ŶǺǣûϵȻһֵֻʵǺǿԸǸСӦҲˣ˵ˣҲΪսҪΪ¡׾Ц˼æ˵
æÿ춼ǺƣʳڶŮңŲԸ⵽ֻ֮ȥƴƴġ
̫ˣЭô飬Ȼһ㶼ܡ׳ƳһԵ׾һۣҡҡͷε
Ͼţ㲻ҪҺòãε飬Ҳӻ᳤ָʾô׾¶һ߳ŭı顣
Ȼأһ룬¸βӸˣȥ᳤Ҫһµļ٣Ҳ˵ǸƲƲ죬ӵ˵
㡭ˣҵķϣͲˡ׼ʲôʱȥǸСӣ׾һתʵ
ǸСһںС鷳ȥҲûЭᣬЩ鷳ȥɣ
ģȻڲȥҾͲˣˡ׾˵֮͸Ӱֱӱɢʧ
Ǭ¼ûмˣѾϴ÷зˣʱڶΧ۵·ˣ׷׷ӡ
ټһЩɿƲǬ̾ͳ˹˺
ˣǰЩ˵ԼβˣҲΪǷǬˮ׷⵽ڶΧ
ҲȬĲ˾ϵԼȬǰƬԱȣԼ鱨ƬԴ֤Լû˵ٻ
ʱ򣬸վͱֽ鵱ͷţдı
еűУûһýƫǬģ֮ǰվڷǬһЩý壬Ҳ׷׿ʼڱָǬıƺƭڡ
ҵĹ¶ĸʹʧŮˣѪķǬϰ徹Ȼܲǳ۹׭Ϊʵ˷ָ
ƭõһУǷˣǬλϰ壬ΪչһĻ
ڴΪ֮ǰĴ󱨵ڱʾǸ⡣һֱΪǬڶ֢˵ĸû뵽Ǭϰ徹ȻɥĲ񡣡
ЩýЩƬ϶һ׭дͼƬǸ긾Ůóķ׭
ŷ׭ģЩ׭ĲˣҲǲ˻ɣѵýıģ
Щ֮Ի룬ҲûԭΪŷ׭ǵõһģһȫһ
ЩֽվϵţƲƲ¶һмЦݡ
ĻָʹߵǲСȻЩýԴҡְɣְɣţȫɣڱQԽʱӴԽˬ
ΪЩý۵Ӱ죬һȥķ׭Ǽ˲٣ֵǣƷ׭ȴԾ÷ɿ졣
ʵ뵹ҲýıЩƷ׭Ӣײ㣬ԼȦӡ
һ粨˶ܿĳԷǬӶʹѹֶΡ
һЩС˵Ǹ֮ԻֶԸǬΪ˷ǬЩ׭μֵ׼ύѡ
£ЩӢײ㵱ȻҪŻܹʱ򣬹һƷ׭Ͼպܲ򵽣һδ֪
ȵڶ죬ѾûǬ׭ˣһЩķŭڣųòҶſӣҲϵáš
Ǵ۷籩ĵ壬·ʲô¶ûһԾһɵģ
ı֣öٻٻЩģǲǱǰɵˣҪȻôһɵģ
û೤ʱ䣬˾һȺ죬ſڵȺȫץߡ
壬˵ôһ㶼ģԭͱˡЩ˾͸ðץȥúõĹϼ졣ٻٻȭͷݺݵ˵
İɣһ֮ڣǳˡЦ˵
Ǵ֪ʲôв֪߲Ȼ˴󣬾ҪΪԼĴеѰи꣬ϻ˵ùȥġ
Ȼп϶ƶҪȻЩҲǹؼܷųھץ
ꣿ˵ͷǲЩ̫ˣղŻ˷ܵĶٻٻĻЩ̵˵
ˣЩͲҪˣͺˡĵĻȥѼһ¶Щý˵ǵĻЩͲͬЩˡ
ʵӵ壬öٻٻѼЩֻɢһע˳ϵЩɢͬ顣


77 ļ
ģЩŵʱһЩϤſڴ
̧ͷȥͿվſڣһϲĿ
ôҵˣ循ȵĿŹ꣬Ȼʱϵ岢ûаԼ
ԭǧָǸСӡ㻹˵أҪϿ׭ͼƬټ֣һ治ȻǷǬϰ塣
˵˹һԭͨҵġ
ѽòİɣǺðɣҲԣҲģϷͣȥô˰ɣ
Ц߹ȥŹļЦ
ʱŷ֣ڹ󣬾Ȼһò㣬ʮľŮӡ
治˵ǴôãһٷҴˣ
㻹˼˵ң㲻ҲôôҽһλĿ⿴˹ǸŮӡ
ãҽ½磬ǹŮѣܸʶ㡣
ǸŮӲô󣬶ϸĽԼȻ󷽷֡
ã壬Խҡˣ㻹ǽҵְɣҲܸʶ㡣
屾Ҫ˵Խӵģ뵽ĳгļھ;дԸɴͲ˵ˡ
ģһԹЦ֪ΪʲôӦ
½һͷˮĿŹ֪꣬ΪʲôЦô
ʱˣǾȻЦó˵Ǹ˵ǻֹأ˵ԴëһʮǷһֵװ˵
ЦŵĹ꣬仰֮ЦһֹͣˣЩŭתͷ
۵һһɫװӣǹŵЦݣȻûжôŵ̬ȣǴӹ͸һµһ˼
ӵĺ棬վżͬ΢Ц꣬ٺǼɫװıڡ
Ҫ˵ȴɩӽȥһɣｻˡ
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ˣɩӣȥɣ껹˵ֱӴˡ
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ҪΪ򹤣ΪΪ׭ôǬĿġ
ϢǺͨĻˣ֪ԼѾرж
һ룬Ҳˣرжÿһ¶Ա˾֪ôҲ㲻ʲô֯ˡ
Ϊ˺ЭϢͨΪеȨѾ֪Ĵڣڿˡ
֪ԬĹϵͬһ㣬ʱһţǺƽЩ׭ĽԾ׭Ĺˡ
һ˵ţһߴЩζؿ壬·ѾΪ¡
ϢڵıֺһСһ˵֮ҡҡͷת˷ǬС
٣СӸղ˵Щʲô˼һ꣬չ˵
Сǲ֪ĵƣȥúòɣҵҪ׻ʲôֶΣ΢΢һüͷȻת˳뿪
ȥ֮̾˵壬رжϢô׵ġ
ȻԹ˺ЭʱıܴʩԵúȺ˵ȴͭǽڼģ鲻ʲôõϢ
ǻǲ鵽һЩͷǬйصϢǬǰĽֵϳֹӣ˴ֵ·ʱȱʧһμ䡣
Щ˱ֽģرжҲڸǲס
׷УǾյйزŵľ棬ֹͣЩĵ顣
Ȼûе鵽ʲô飬Ѿʼ˾֮ģҲ岢֮ǰΪСơ
ȷǼˡҵǺ֪ⳡ粨ȥ屳ǹ᲻
뵽ó绰˳ȥҪǱߵ۹Ƽӽܹѹ崭
󰵺޵壬ʱ͹껹½ˣһƵİԷЩ۶˵ȫûӰ졣


78 ţȫ
ģϵڴ˵̵ķ׭ˣûʲôɣһڲ֮ԥһ£˳
ҽһң֪϶İɣû£Щ˶ûҵķ׭һжǽȺŪġЦŽ͵
ڿʱ֪ǵԼԲŹǧָһ˶޲ԽԶԽãĻߴա
ʱ壬˵ûнֵܡ
еΪʲôûйпǲ֪ǷǬϰ壬Ҳп֪ˣǲ˻ˮ
Σ嶼鵽һ˵һĻ
˵һ˶ֵܣǸǳһ˵ҲǺһ˹ϵرãҲͨѡ
úõҲ͹ˣΪʲôûҲӦøûпţ°Ŀʱ䣬ƶϷˡ
Ҿ˵ôܻ¡ôһ˵Ҿͷˡ˵ﰵһЦ˵
±Ƚ϶࣬˵仰𲻸ˣӣȲҪңˣ档忴Ź꣬˵
ģʲôҹ굱ʲôˣ˵̾Ǻ
˵Ըҵܴȷʵͽ㲻ΪԼǣҲҪΪɩӿǰɣ˵ˣԼ϶ֻܹڵ㡣Ȱ˵
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û⣬ǲõҵġһֱһԳĬ½ͻȻ˵
ǡʱЩЦãˣǰɣ黹ͽˣӦûʲô⡣
⼸ʱ䣬Ǭ¼紫ԽԽֻҪˣûв֪Ǭֵġ
ʱСҲǴ绰ѯԭϵķ׭ͬϳҲֱʱ֪ʱֳ˶Ķ
Ȼ˵û£ǲģһҪԹ
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Ȼ⻹꣬ƺűܱķԣȼ˴ڵļ飬һս˸߳
ǲԶȥάʷУһŲ飬ȴͼȫ磬һʯһʱ飬ƭӦѹˡ÷ŭֻһЦƭӡ
ճܱҲͬʱԣ໥Ӧ
֪ڻһЩԾִԲǬϴסﵱڳŵ֤ʵԩ˷ǬݾߵǸûԩǾǴһ
ý࣬ȫվַҲһҹ֮䣬վĵĶϣΪ˹֮ˡ
ڷܹôýܱ༶ﰡ˲ٵĹ򣬿Ҳʱ׼ˣݺݵسȥﲻˬ
ЩýıһЦţһóֻͨƺĵ绰
ãʲôôƺº͵ӻͲ洫
ϵһ¸ý壬ҪӰģ쵽ҵ׼һֱֳŵʱЩϴˣһܾʡ
⼸ʱƺҲʾ԰æЩѹȴܾˣΪʱ
㷢ŸļߵǸְҲŭҪЩýܱ
Ҳ֪飬ΨǸҪʵǲð찡ƺЩΪѵ˵
ϷЧɣҲǲ֪Ϸмߵãǵ˼µˣ˶ѾˣӦҲٰɣ
ƺĻЦһת˵˿Ϸ顣
ĻƺһͣʵҲѿϷˣ
԰ϴΰҾſϷ˭һ˵ǲǣЦ˵
ƺҪŭʣͻȻƢѹȥƽŵ㣬ʡ̨ǰ
ҵʱ͹ˡˣֻ˼һǿϷʮֱˣһһţҪ˳㣿ЦǺǵ˵


79 ĳ˵
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ź֮û壬ȥй䣬ڴֻͻȻ
ι磬ڹȥ㡣Ԭֻ洫
ԬĻһ£ӦԬҪһȥһˡ
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80 ټѩ
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ѩĶǻС˼ʱһɷ۵ĳ嶯


81 ̬Ȳ
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ŶûϵģѧܹҾѾܿˡѩ¶ʧı飬Ц˵
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82 Ŵ
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83 Ŀ
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ýܱĴȻڶǿ㣬Ҳǿȥ֤ʵ˷׭ãǵҲһᱻžžġ


84 鲡
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֮ǰʱ̨ѾŵͬʱֱҲҪģȻϵĹȺȶȴǴ;
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ֱ֮ǵ̨ʿ϶һ̨ףͬʱҲ֪Ǵ˾ǵļ塣
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ĶܿʹҽԺȥϢ֮Щҽͻʿȫһ뷨
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ǣǲ˵ѵģЩԭľ֢ˣļ£ȻҲѾȫȬˡ
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˾ĻЩʡ̨ĹԱܿ˸豸źŵĵԣ֤һֱκβ
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ҽԺĲΪжϲݣҪǼô죿ǸҽЦһ
˼ҽԺȥĲӦ㹻Ϊ˰ɣͯ˼ǵֽϣǸҽʵ
ҽЩһ飬ɫ任γϵĻǿȷЩ˵ȷǰ֢ڡ


85 ܲΣ
ҽѣһݲ˵ǼʧôݲܶǼʧ˵Ļ嶯֣ͰҽԺˡ
ȻѾȷЩ˵ǰ֢ڣô֪𣿡ͯ˼ǰǸҽѯʵ
ʲôǸҽһ㶣̧ͷͯ˼ʵ
֢ҽԺ𣿡ͯ˼꣬Ѹղŵظһ顣
Ϊ֢ڵĲˣڵİϸѾʼɢĿǰûмֶΣܹϸȫȫ緶ΧڵڶҽԺûй˵⣬ǵҽԺҲо
Ǹҽ˼һ£ûֱӻش𣬶˵Ű֢Ƶѡ
Ϊֱҽղŵⷬ˵ǣȫЩڵӻǰڿһм
ҽû˼˼ܲΣֱ˵£һ׸ʲô
ֱ˵Ҫֱ˵βˣҹ̾͵ñûȫҽԺŵ汳𣿡
ôоҽԺǬأ˼Ҹ˵ԼκμôԼβʲô˵
㲻֪ƭһ˼ҽԺȻǬˡ
˵ʲôǰ׳һῴֱ֪ǷǬķ׭Чˡ
Ŷԭͯ˼ĵ˵ͷǸҽҪһʱٴʵҾõһ϶Ļش𣬰֢ҽԺܲΣ
ǸҽһûҭЩŭĿǰƯŮӣôץһͲţûǰɣ
ֱҽֻѹŭشͯ˼⡣
ƾڵĿѧֶΣҽѧңҲûа취ư֢ڣҪĻǻҪһЩʱ䡣
Ŷ˼ǣ֢ҽԺβǰɣͯ˼ٴǿ⡣
ǿԾŬӳ˵ҽȻǿű
Ǿβඣˣ㲻˵ˣˡͯ˼ɴ˵
ǸҽҪ˵ʲôջķˣûеⰡ
ӻǰĹѣڸղŵĶԻУǸҽһֱڹҶҲˣҽԺû취ư֢ڵģôǾͿԳһ´еķ׭֪Чʲôأ
һΣЩעⳡֱĹڣûʲôرķӦ֢޷ƣ˾֪飬ǸҽĻشǲ⡣
Ҫ֪ǣǴ˵ޱȵķ׭ܲκð֢ڡ
ʱԬЩˣżˣھͷǰ֣صİЩ׭Щ֢ˡ
ȻͷתЩ֢˵ϣտֱˣʱҲȫעעЩ֢ˡ
һŹâ֣Щ֢ЩһԹۿ̲ס˾ô£ħ𣿡
ӦħҪȻССһŷֽ棬ôðĹâ̫ѧˡ
׭ͿѧͲһϵģʲôͲѧˣ
ֳΧ۵˸е𾪣տֱЩˣʱҲȫ֪˵ʲôˡ
׭ðɣôܵĽʲô
ܣһǰ¼õƵּЧ
ˣֳأеѲŵĻֳеһҽԺ˵ҽԺҲֱǱʡ̨ġ
ȥֳ
ҲȥΪ飬ۼΪʵʱǷͼƬ
û೤ʱ䣬½ȵѿʼϴͼƬҲѸȥ֤ʵˣȷֱ
ʮ֮󣬹âɢȥ¶ʮ֢˵
ӱϿѾȫúһҲûһ㲡˵ģ
ֳЩ̲סͯ˼ҲǾȵ漣
ϵӸһ糱ӿһ˳еѶ׭𾪵÷ˡ
찡찡ҼֱţϾȻôĶֶĲ֪ҽԺʲôô
ǰʱΪǬ˵Щ˵ˣʶ漣֮ô̱˵ҪΪ֮ǰ۵Ǹַ׭ʵ̫ˡ
ҲЩҽԺΪʲôҪĨڷǬˣ¥˵ģַ׭治֪ҽԺʲôã
ЩҽԺǶģΪԼһ˽Ȼôಡ˵̫ɺˡ
ЩýҲҪΣҪǵıҲԩǬһܱ˵׭õĻҪݾߵǸôڵֳŵʱˡ
ϷӣйԼĵļΪ׭ˡ


86 ׭ʤ
ҽҽԺаβòɣôһûõģ㿴׭ʮӵʱ䣬ð֢ڵĲ˻ָ˦ǰְкߴյǸҽǰһ䳰ȷ
ǣԼβ˰ɣȥĨڱˣôˣһҲ͡
ߣȱˣ⻹ûأ˭֪ˣǱϺˡǸҽǺӲ˵
ҽĻΧЩ˵һӽ
ղһĻȻ棬ǵ׻мֲʵҪȷʵ֤ݣᶨǵġ
Ȼ㻳ƵĽǵһ£ʲôˣͱ֪׭Чͯ˼ĵ˵
ͯ˼˵ǸҽһӲˣڷ׭ЧжţղҲһʱļû˼˵Ǿ仰
º󷢳ʣһЩЧһЩ˻㣬ʳ仰ȴһöûУΪֻҪһȫˡ
ǸҽĬӣΧЩҲһЩߣֿʼ
ҽЩ˼鰡㲻˵ǵĲпû𣿡
԰㵹ǿ鰡Ÿʲô
鰡ò˰ɣ
Χ˵УǸҽĶͷк黬䣬Լһͣǵʳ仰
ҽԺôӦµʱ˵Ǿ仰ôһܵ쵼ıͼν˵Ļ൱ڰҽԺĺ·׶ˣ£ѾעҪҽԺˡ
ʱҽڴĵ绰óһԺĵ绰룬æͨ
ɵ𣿲˵͸ұ죬ҽԺϾ·㲻ǲǣҸ㣬ھ͸ӹ
ҽԺԺһ֮ͨ̾͹˵绰
ҽȴһˣȻıҽԺˣʧҵˣֱжôļҽԺҪ
뵽ЩҽһԹȻҽԺ飬ҲҽԺù
ҪǾ͸ɣǸҽ˵֮󣬾ת·
ҽͬǼ˼壬ΧȫǻһӵǼˣǸҽĺ档
ʮӵļ֮Ǹҽһ˵⼸Ѿȫָˣǵûвκμ
ҽļΧȫǱŻ͸ĻһĻЩڣҲ̲ס¶ϲ֮ɫ
岢ûк͵̨һȥҽԺڷǬ￴ֱĻЩ˵ĻķӦʮ䵭
һ߸ȸëһ治֪ΪʲôôˣѵǾûҲǱһȺôȻǽͷǰԼĵλǺǡ
˻ʱͯ˼ͻȻоԱԼֱۣͷһǼ׭еһ
Ǹ꿴ͯ˼ͷͰϵһϵݸ
ͯ˼ĺؽ˹ղŵһЩ˵ĲЩʲô
ӹһͯ˼ȵķ֣ЩȻڷǬµЩ˵ϣϸļ¼ǱĹ̡
ͯ˼ڿϵʱȺв֪˭һ䣺׭ôãôأ
仰һԭȺȫʼͷӶ
˵еȻ׭ܹΰٲôأ
ôԽԽˣһ۰ҵҪǲõĻܲġ
⵽ô°
ʱͯ˼һϣվ˳µЩˣѾյȷеϣǶǱרݺǬġ
ͯ˼һ˵ţһ߰Ϸڳˡ
ڳ˿Щ֮ȫ̲סƿڴ
ҵ˵ô໰û뵽ǸƭӣرǸ˵˸Ͳʶⴿʱϵļͥ˭أ
㿴ĵȷϹôģֱӷġ˲ŸֱǬſˣôŮˣҲ̫˰ɣ
ЩĻǰĹڣֳȫʮֺ棬֪ǿʲô
ʱ򣬵Ļһ䣬濪ʼЩ˵ϣЩԺĻǰЩҲǿʼ
¼̫ϸַ͸ϵʽУЩ̾յڶڵΧ
˴绰ǣƵǲòֻػĵ绰߰ε
סǸһЩˣʯͷǼҵĲŵȫڼɪɪֱӱѰ󱣻
ڽЩ˵Ϲ֮󣬻ٴתͯ˼ϡ
ǣֱͽˣʵΣжϡټ


87 ת侭ӪƷ
ҵֱ̨ߵҲ࣬ҽԺžžģЩµҲȺڹš
ճܱ칫ҡ
һֱ֮ڶɫʮֵѿû뵽׭ЧȻ档
֮ǰĳŵڱݾߵǸĽôܹܣ
ڶɫ仯һԵף˰칫ҡ
һڶ͸о˵Ŀȫеϣһ֮ɫŭúùҸʲô
ڶĺǳ֮Щ༭ȫʵͷʼװģĹ
ȻҪȥˣǾ˵ʱ³ˣ֪𣿡ҪߵſڵʱڶȻͣסŲת˷Ը
֪ˡЩ༭Ļش䡣
ȵڶ֮Щ༭ҲԵЩ޾ɣղŵֱҲˣЩý壬һҲˡ
磬ıֽôŪǲһ棬ǬǸǷǬϰܹ붯ֱ̨ԲСһС༭ߵԼ˾ǰʵ
ҵСˣѾվˣûͬ⣬ܳȥǸʱŪⲻˣ֪ôġЩ˵
ȻҲΪţɴܣ꣬رֲͽȥķˣ׳Ϊڻҡ
ǡճý壬ʶ֮Ҳһڿǽô죿
Ȫнһ洫
ڴվصƬ֮УȫǷŭͲʣЩͱվһߡ
壬СƻܱQȻ˶ԿңץᣬҪȻҲŹ㡣
һı飬˫ȭգҧÿ֨֨졣
٣ѾѾرжƾڵԸһչ˵
֪ڶԸٸظһ飬ǸѿأݺһŽС߷Ȼƨĵˡ
йŭָֻ侲˵ȻرжʱҲκβ¾͵Ϊֹɣ
Ȼû֪УЩýΪȴÿ˶֪ģŭڣЩýĹٷվá
á֮⣬ϻһ⣬Ǿϣ״治ɹ֣ڵĻЩ׭õġ
ΪʶֱѸٻ˲УԼĿ
ЩɹֵѣǵݾǸֿѧۣԼѧ֤ʵŵĸִ˵
ЩɹֵѣǵһЩ廨ŵ˵ȻоԵ֤ݣǾķ׭
ԽԽҵʱ򣬾һЩרվҥҶԷ׭Ҳһ͡
Ϊʲô׭ųâ֮ữɻҽ
רҵĽͣǸ׭һЧҩŰģַͨð׵ȼձҷųǿҵĹâ
ΪʲôЧҩܹٵЧָ
רҵĽͣ˵ûǴ˵оĵһַʽû￴١㲻ţŲţˡ
ⷬǶǵĽͣûܴ˵ɻ󣬷Ļɸ
Щ׼һЩ׭оһµʱͻȻõһϢǬȻʱͣ۷׭Ǹë߰
ǽǬվ򹫸ʱʱеһ
ܵýĨ޷뻭״̬·׭ȱԷ׭ʱۣͣȵýԹ֮󣬵̲ŻῪʼ۷׭
򹫸֮ЩѶһָоɾͺ˵˯žӴһʵ̫ˡ
Ŷ֮ǰЩýڳƨûУڱ˶֪׭ˣȻһ䣬ýĨڣ޷ˣⲻƭô
˵ǻ޷˼Ҿǻǻô죿ҪʵڵȲĻԼ£
ʱڷǬ¥ĴϣŽһЩƻ
ɽկ׭٣ṩ飬ټӰ̫󣬲ʺϼӪԺӦûһֶӪӪҩĻӦò̫ۡ
뵽Ǹ¯ܿ;ԺҪӪҩȻÿܹṩĶʮŷ׭Ҳǲġ
ԺӪҩҲĿǣҩ׽ͣҲܹĴڣҲһʺϾӪĶ


88 ڵĿ
ڷǬֹͣ۷׭ЩֻҪо׭˵ûʲô̫ӦֻЩźˡ
Щ֢˻ǵļȴȫҪŪ÷ˡ
Ǿʱ֪˷׭ãǾ׼ʱȴͻȻ֪ʱֹͣˡ
Щ˵ȫһԹԹЩýĨڣԹ岻۷׭
ڶԹˣϾۼһʱ򣬾ͲһַãǿʼòǣоۼһǬ뷨
֪ǵ飬ǻûбʱַ˵ڶ档
Լýܱ࣬˴֮ĶԹһ˽ᣬ֮̾ͻӪ
棬Щ֢˺ͼԹɢ˴룬ȫʼڴţ֮󣬷Ǭ¿ʼӪҵ
ˮƵһ
λϣĿЩһߵܱһɨ
壬콫Ǿһ𣬵Ҫʲôڶܲ˷գʵ
һܸʲôҿǷطĺùνǹǺȺȲ裬죬ǲýš
һ˹˵ţһԵĲһ衣
Ȳ裿죿
˵ڼ˵ȫ¶֮ɫ
󶯸ɸ꣬˽ǴĿľΪ˺ǺȲ죿СŪˡ
ôţΪǸʲôǵȣǵ죿߸ɴͰӽι㣿Цʵ
ʮܱȫĬţһش⣬Ļ˵Ըǡ
ǲ֪ĺ̨ΪֺңĨڣûֱڣֶ񶾵۶ǹ
ǿǾԲ׷Źǡ
Ҽǵڶܱ֮ǰźԣ˵׭ЧݾߵҵǸ֪ǲ׼ŵԣ
תͷڶЦʵ
ᵽԼڶһ̧ͷһǿЦĿʱֻһϷԣϰ˴Ҫϡ
ǵʱ˵ЩҲϷԣתͷЩܱࡣ
ԣϷԣϷԣЩܱȫæ˵
ŶȻĻǾͿˣνĻ˻֡
ʮܱȫЩ㶣ʲôôɵķˣ
ôǲߣüëһšʵ
ߣߣЩܱﻹ˵Żȥ
Щܱմ򿪻ţһȺӿǵļϿǵ̨ļߡ
ǻ֪ôµʱĻ棬ͻȻһҽУЩܱͻȻЩë
ץסǼոմˣԲˡЩҽУһĺͽŲ𽥿
Ȼ֪ʲô飬Щܱ౾ܵļȺȥ
Щܱе˵ǣȻ治ϴҪץǵĺЩȴû׷ǣ˳
ӾƵ˳⳵֮ЩܱŽ侲Ǿ͸о˲Ծĵط
ȵķ뿪ķﴫҽһȺ˵ǴˣҪץǣһеһУһɹĸо
ڸղŵǼʱ˸ֱֻ۲űԬʱԱߡ
磬ղŵ龰Ѿ¼ˣܹţֻҪԸ⣬ʱù˵ǶץԬһԸ˵
ȲæЩŭȥǵı˵Ҳ׭ˣܵ˰ұڹСЦ˵
Щýܱ࣬ûзŹǵĴ㣬һУƻһ֡
ֹͣ۷׭ʱѾʼǣƽϢЩڵķŭ
ȻҩҲβãҪѧϰܵĻҪʮʱ۾顣
ʮʱɲұ֤Щŭڻ᲻ķǬˡҪһתŭĿ꣬ʮýҪõ
Щýܱ࣬ȻһȺ̨ļ¼Щܱ࿪ŵʱ򣬾ڷҽУȻֱ˵Щܱ巢ìܣ첲˷Թۡ
һֹͣ۷׭ɣ첲ˣû취ˡȻԹ˵ɣЩܱȫץһá
ƾڵȨƣָЩܱ֤ݶôѷǵֶ֮Ϊ޷ıʵ


89 
ϵĶɽ棬Ͳţڲŵ¼лܵʮܱ࣬к淿ﲻϴĲҽ
ʮʱң̨ߵõǬϰʮýܱһҾƵ棬̨߸ϵʱ򣬾ͿЩܱһܳķڵϲҽУº֪˫˳ͻЩܱڳͻоȻ˫۴ϡ
Ϊ漰ǬԺܿϴˣڿ֮Щѷ׷ӿǬվǬʲôӦ
ڷǬվϣǾͿ巢¹档
ڵ˫ѾԹۣ޷׭ԷǬԺ󶼲ٳ۷׭ҲеʮֱǸϣܹ⣡
һԭŹ׭Щ֢ˣһȫˣǳܲסͻȻı仯
ʱϿʼ˷ìͷָЩý塣
ЩýĨڷǬǲȥЩ׭ԾŲʹĥ׭ñ֤ʵ֮ǾȻɥĲĴֱۣǱ˾·Ӧܵͷ
ӷ֮Щ֪֢ˣ·ҵһй;׷׿ʼЩý塣
ʱһӵĳ֣ڵķŭ
ӵݲ࣬ÿһȫ˵Ҫ֮ϡ
ڷŭ𣿵ֻ﷢ߵáЩýȴӰЦΪ֪ǽֹڴˡ
ڱ𣿿֢ˣһ뿪ȴΪʼٸȴһȻȫȻûյκγͷ
ں𣿷˵Ļᣬýĺ棬ɵһҡźȴ֣ϣ
ʲôʲôЩý˵ǵáֻһ룬Ӱ졣
ǣڵʲô
֮ÿ˶оԼؿһŻȼգ˺ȥЩýʱȺӦ
ϣʮýܲȫ⵽˴ڵĴң칫ҵϡá
Ҫڶߺͱ༭°ˣֻҲӲһᡣ
ôĶܿйزŵע⣬ľȶƣɢڣҽͷԱ
ڶ쿴֮͸Ԭ˸绰²ˣֵĻֻµʱ򲻺ճˡ
磬ˣԬӦһ֮󣬾͹˵绰
ܿ죬оţЩýܱ鰸ǹˡ
Ҳһ棬ʼڵ
ȻѾƷ׭ǵоҩƣѾ˴üĿһ֮ڣоƸּĵҩ
һԭҵʽȶȻ˵Ҫһʱ䣬ô˵ҲһϣǿǷǬϰоĵҩ
ʵһʱ䣬ҲΪ˷ֹ⣬˵ġʱѾ֪һʦܹƵĵҩֱܹ֣ǻشԪ񵤡ٹȵ鵤
ǰֵҩ˵ٹȵʳܹ֮άһ裬鵤ܹƸּ
ȻЩְҵϵͳ￴ģǴϷѯģϷǸҵȼŵģֻܲ鵽弶Ϸϡ
Ѿ׭ԬҲǶԼôһ
ôĻۣڵľѾٶ㣬ֻҪİٶ㣬ܹѧϰˡ
һȫ֮ǻָ˶ݵƽ֮УΨһҪ飬ÿʮŷ׭ȻԬȥ׬ȡǮ;顣
ڶٻٻԾɱҪճϰ࣬Ͼи죬ܱԼڵǿ
ٻٻҲоʮֲ˼ÿʮڿĴɨͬʱʼΪĵҩۼƻȻкܴĿò
壬оĵҩܹܲƻĶٻٻͻȻתͷʵ
ֱӸһش
ðɣǾͰղܴƻٻٻЩε
ʵѡʦҲǹģĿܣΪҩͷ׭ͬ׭ĻƺܸӣҪԪǵҩȴֻҪ䷽
ô˰䷽ܹܲӦĵҩԵĻôģΪܣĽǮ뽫Ҳǣپ
Ҳһ⣬Ǿ䷽ܵ⣬û֮ǰУҲʱʵС
ʱĵ绰ͻȻ
ι磬Ҫ㣬ЩȲˡһͨԬЦ˵
Ǻãû£Ͱɣ룬ʹӦ


90 鷳
û೤ʱ䣬Ǭſھмͣ£ǰĳŴ򿪣ڣмΧ
ʱмĳŲŴ򿪣Ԭȴĺ³һˡ
³ʱϵĺëȻէϵļ͵ر˵ϣܹоһΣյϢ
˵ʵڳ֮ϣϻմȾ˲ҪȻϾûֱǿϢ
ܿжϡ
³֮һŴӳ
ֻһڣܹʵ˵ڣǿ治ֻ˵˵ѡ
ڽǣ廹ʹһŶзһʲô⣬Ҳܹ㿪㹻ʱʹþͽշ
һ·ǬԱߵ˵壬ǽȥɣ
˵ǸһܽǬĴһתԼ˵үûΣգԽ룡
һԵԬЩε˵ֵܿģܹʲôΣգ㲻Ҫĺòã
СʱҪǽһ㣬Ͳý³תͷԬɫ˵
ᵽ£ԬҲֻε̾˿˵ʲô
֮󣬼ͺԬһ߹ǸǸǵЩ⡣
ԵһˣǼ񣬻ָ̣Ц˵
ȻΪԭ򣬼ЦԵúᣬ廹ǸܵҪ⡣
һƻĶٻٻЩȵ̧ͷ˼һۣΪղż˵ĸо̫һˡ
ȻҲܵ˶ٻٻȵĿ⣬üͷ΢壬ȴû˵ʲôԱߵǸˣȴŭһС㲻֪ű˿ûò𣿡
壬ˣҪһСƽˡ˰֣˵
Բ𣬶Բ𰡣ٻٻҲӦæǸ
ڵǰ˵ˣٻٻǸˣǵǸˡ
üͷ΢壬֪ʲô˼
Ǹ̤ǰһؿ壬⻰ʲô˼
ղҪ˵ȴˣ㲻֪ϱ˵ûò𣿻У˵Ҳӳȥ
忴ǸЦ˵
˾Ҫ˵̬ȣһ̾ѵ˲òҪ𣿳˭ᳶ˭ҲʥˣҲ
㡭Ǹ˸뷢ͱ
˵ĺܶԣǵǸԲ𣡡˵ǽ鷳ģ鷳ġ
忴˼һۣЦ˵ĻǾͿ̸̸ˣʲô£ڿ˵ˡ
һԵĶٻٻһۣҵ鲻̫֪֪λŮʿɲʱرһ¡
磬ȷʵȽ˽ˣʺ̫֪ԬҲԱ˵
˵ٻٻҲʶȤ壬һ£һ٣ϰࡣ
ȥ·Сĵ㡣嶣
֪ˡٻٻ˻֣Ű뿪ˡ
ȵٻٻ뿪֮תͷżˣٻٻѾˣʲôڿ˵ˡ
ԥһᣬ˵鷳
ڼʮʱСѧĲٳϣһ֪ϵʿһŷŷҲ棬ļ壬ʧˣϵʿҲʧˡ
ص֮󣬾ͽ¸˼үү򱣻ıѯʣȴ˵ûʲô˽ӽ
ǴȥҽԺ˼飬Ҳûзκ쳣ΪֻǼһѡ
ļȴ𽥵Ŀʼ仯͵ŮˣҲǱᣬҪûκη
֪֮󣬼үүŭֱҪǶǼּҵĸ̾ĴѲǸϵʿȴһջûС
ڼСѧУ쵼ȫܵǨŭϵȫȫ˴ΣЩıڣҲܵĳͷ
ǼˣҲ޲ҲΪһӶˣֱ֪׭塣
˼һ˵ĬһᣬӼеõһϢǾϣҲӵл
ԽԽ˼ˣ䣬ܣˣڶҪȷ⵽ǲ֮ǰˡ


91 а
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ʱ̽ڵĺۼĿ꣺ҵеϵʿ˽Ĵӡʱ䣺һꡣʧܳͷ⼼һ
õʾΪʱ
Ѿʱ񣬵ǲĴʱĽûһ㾭飬ǲ
һε廹ǱȽϸȤģӡӡ
ûгԹǳ۵ЩƷʱŵһߣʵ
ԹȻһЩоǻûжЧææش
Ӧһ鿴ԡ
ͨ̽飬巢ֺּ棬һɫͷ״̬ͼע֮ʾа֮
ʲôһѾ֪ˡ
˵˶һ£ǿֻǶؿ˼һᣬû飬֪ˣ
ûǵɻ󣬽̨赲Ʒóһ
а֮ԲŻģҿа֮Ũŷ׭ܹһ˵ţ
岢ûпʵϾֻһֵͼ׭ҪҲǷаΪרаķ׭
ҿǸϵʿѧղ׭аа֮࣬ҪȻ壬Ҳֻʱѹȵպѧ˸ķ׭пڵа
˵ģŷ׭΢΢Щ
Ȼģ׼ʲôŷ׭ʵ
ĬһᣬڵӦɣҺͷƽԽӴ˽һЩ׭飬Ҳһͬķ׭ġ
Ŷ˼ǣԸ⻨ŷ׭ζĿż
Ը÷Ѽҵĸŷ׭֪ƽ㣬֪⣿۾ʵ
ͻȻЦҺ⣬Һܺôԭ򡣡
ϲֻһϵʿܱáҲЦ˵
˹ȥ㶼˵ˣҽˣȥɣ
սӹ޾İ׹ӷ׭ӿż͸ȥͬʱͷһɹɺð
ܵ˼ʹ࣬ŤĲҽС
ЩӼðĺûɢǾۼţϵȥҪ³һ㡣
ڰ׹ı£Щ޷˺ֺֻͽ޹ĳײš
ʱţ׹һһڼӣҲԽԽĺڱ˳
ЩһͻȻԼԪţЩȫΧ£һЩҪ壬ǿԪ޷˿
ȵеĺȫƳ֮󣬼ѾǺ̱˵ϣԼ˵ղŵĹʵ̫ʹˡ
ڵЩʱȫ֮Уóһ̳ǳƷĿհ׷ֽڹ̨֮ϡ
Ϊ˶ĿһУһź˹ҲһԵļȡ
źֱʹȻ֪˺ϢԪתβٿأι̶δؼɼȵȡ
óʣõϢʼڿհ׷ֽϻһЩģܿͻеķġ
׭ϵЩĹŤţһɭĸоʱ˳һ㡣
עһԪͨĵתЩԪȫа֮ͬʱؼҲʼа֮
彫źƶ׭ϷǷ׭ˮһ㣬˲ͽеĺȫ˽ȥͬʱĶҲʾ֮
ϲѧа
ʵϷ׻𰡣ЩһҪͨϵͳõҲͨ;Լá
¶һ˿Цݣʼ鿴ŷ׭Ч
ад˷ߣа֮ܵӰ죬а֮屻ᡣǼһǡ
аĽܣҲǲҡҡͷ׭Чǲһ㣬㲻ֻһ仯ûܵӰ졣
ŷ׭öҲĿ꣬ǾǵڻȻˣ֮ǰô鷳ô׷Ź


92 
а֮󣬻ʲôֻҪ֮ǰξ֪ˣǲ˵ˡ
ʮ꿪ʼͱа֮²˵ʵǻһЩϾûܹҲνʧȥ
Ҫаһǳʹ࣬Ͼϰӵұҹҹϸ裬ͻȻһӲ˵ˣֻĶˡ
壬ЩƳɷ׭ˣ񿴵еаЩ֮ɫ
ڴʮ꣬ЩһֱŤͺ͸
оһǸϵʿֶΣ֪֪ˣսڸоôˣӦѾʼָ˰ɣ
ղż˵ȻԾЩϸѾû֮У˵Ѿʼա
ڸоδеɣоЩůģӭһ㡣ϲõ˵
˵а֮Уа֮ôаľ֮԰壬֤ڲƽ⣬Ӱ졣
Ȼܹ˲ͽֻҪʮʱ䣬Ӧþָܻˡ
Ѿˡһæ忴ż˵
˵ܹģһƴǣҲ֪ұϾǼƶˣЩ黹ǰ첻ġ
֮˵µһæˣû
ҺԬԬңǶɽʡ壬ּҪǶһͻҵĵ
ǴӦæѼңҲҪּҺķѼϾֲμƴҲǷͬСɡ
ûеô鷳ֻ취ŷֽ϶ѡа˼ǰ
׼ǰ΢΢Щ˵
ԣĴ鷳ҲܾŹڲܶҲҪʹࡣĻЩ⡣
ãҰ㡣ʱҲ֪Լʲô飬ͬ飬ǸȴһĪ˷ܡ
Ͱˡ
аʹ÷˼͸뿪
ļʱϵɽʡĸ߹ٷݺΪ̰۸ܵⱻ˫棬Ѿʼ
һĸ߹ٵ̨Ȼ˲ֻۣ˼죬֮ȶȾͺܿ콵ȥ
磬һϢô𺳣ַըĻֻҪһʱ䣬ͻᱻ˸ǡ
ŵʱЦһĿЩӵĹҳ
ϸ˵ƽĵһˣһиı䣬ҲǴ￪ʼģĽȴ˶
ƽԳ壬岻֪ܵȻҪһЩӦеķӦҪȻֻ˶Ϊˡ
ֱʱеĸһ䣬Щ鷳ģһûӵȫܵ˳ͷ
岻Щ飬ʼ˼תƵԼʵ
һĻ¡ԳΪṩ飬һ1ǧ㾭۷һǰôʱǷӡ
ҪʵĻҪоͽǮǰʱȥЩϷʲ20ڣʱ㹻ʹˡ
ǾĻֻٶ㣬ȴԶԶ
Ҫȥܲһˣ1ǧ㾭Խھ鲻⡣
õǧ㾭֮Ϳѧϰ֮һѧһսܡ
ʲôʱȥһ˵ʱֻͻȻóһȴһʮİĺ롣
ι壬˭
Э裬Ҳ׾еϾţʮ㣬һ㣬׼ɣһӵڻͲ˵
Э᣿ˣٶԶЦ˵
ཡ
ͲﴫཱུһһĻͨȻѾˣȻκλû˵ֱӰѵ绰ˡ
׾ˣһķϻһȴһ仰Ը˵
ڽҪսҲһЩڴһΪµڳƶûó
һΣҹ˾භĵȫóȻʵӦñ׾ǿǵʱ˭ʤ˭治һ
һȫڷǬԼľ׼õ״̬ӭս衣
ʱܿ1150֣һεļԼӵе˼ȭҪԪ⽣ȸмս׭


93 仯
壬ѾˣҲӦóˡ
ʱոյʮʱʹ洫˽
Ļһҵ֣һûסҲûб
ߵǰһͿһ׳վڽֵϣͷ߿
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Ȼ󻹲أԪסƯڰС
裬ǻǻطɣսҵСᱻˡ
˵֮Ҳͬͬ⣬Ԫƶ£ƿ֮нȥ
ܹշУ۾Ҳ΢΢һ֮ǰõУ岢ûڿյ
˲ٵЦһ⣬˫һţڿն
֮ƺľıһ䶯ֻ޴΢΢Ķͺһ׷Žȥ
ǰ壬ʱҲע⵽裬˫ʱҲ¶˼˿֮ɫ
ȻܵʲôôԲƾѹ׾
ף׾սƲռϷ磬ΪԵֿ׾ľƣƵ׾󲻵ò
Ԫ׾ľһΣ׾ǽһƴľֻ˲ͻᱻơ
裬Ȼܹѹ׾Эʮֵھλ;ӵвСʵ
ڿзеٶȶǼ죬ֻǻʮӣеĳǽ
һƬյͣ£ת衣
ΪʮսУѾչеû뵽Ȼصʵ⡣
ֻһգ˲ʧ٣źȻһ죬˵ϡ
ʲôʵֳˣǿߣˡһ˵ţһƷʹ˷׭
Ǿȼգǽշȼգзȼգ
׭͸ļ͹֮Уļ͹øӼǿһ㼫Ĺ֣ƤͺĵڶƤһСϣһЩķĳ֣磬
еľ쵽Ϸı仯Цŵܻ治ֻٰһ˲䣬Ȼǿôࡣ
ûĻʹ迴ȥҪ֪赽ʲô
Ҳûбϣʹ˷׭֮󣬲ܹͲó׾ƽ֣˫ʵ̫пܻûá
̽ĽԤϵĲ֮࣬⣬󲿷ֶʺţֻһȫʺţʾš仯ĸ֣һʺš
ԭղŵǷУ仯ӦûֻѾ޷֪̽ˡﰵ˼
ʵ㲻ôţɲΪ˱𣬶ҪЭᡣܣмЭʸ񡣡
迴һ䱸壬Ц˵
Э᣿ĻҲ΢΢һ㶣ʲôô⼸֯ȥûôȱ˰ɣ
ǸˣǲܼЭģڵúܺãҿɲԸⱻȫͨĴܾ
ʲôȫͨĴ˭˵ģЭĻԱʲôʱҪĴˣһ㶣Ц
Эرжͬˮǹ֯ңܹ͹ҿ⣿忴Ц˵
Сӣ˽̫ˡˣЩˣȿһʵûͨῼˡ޷ͨҲͲöѿˡ
˵仰ʱ̾ͱͬʱڳһ˼ȭǵĹʱԾ΢΢ʧ
ֻһ˹ͬʱҲһٱ仯ͷʱѾһֱ׵ͻ
ĻצȷԴȥܿ췴ӦŲƶתͷϻĲ档
΢Ҽ糯ͻĸײȥ
ļմͻƤëͻһұ仯ƤëһƬƬۼף͵
󣬻һʮ׳ľ˲ͽĲס͵طϵĹһž졣
Ҳ̫ˣǺʹ˵յʮȣҲǺѷɫһ̾ͬʱ˫ҲǲϷҪסľ


94 һֻ
軯ɵ󣬼ǧ֮ȴҲ޷Ĳѡ
ϵľԽԽڵĹҲһž죬ʱҪһ
ɫһ䣬һ
⽣üķɳӭǣһ棬ɳ󽣣Ӿϻ
ˮͰ壬Է֮⽣ûκεֵ֮˲ͱпϳأûӾĽɱ
ûеһڵϵ壬ֿʼ仯˿ڿʼϣȻֻצ㡣
һϵۻҵı仯Уߵ廯޴㣬ɿ
٣ôԽɱԽ࣬ûˣ
æԪԼƯڸ߿֮УĹ
ȻѾ¶⽣ĴڣȻٺһָ⽣һ⣬ɵնȥ
⽣㲢ûжһȻתۼ׳βȻײ⽣ϡ
⽣ٶǶһ٣βҲֱӱ⽣նϣʱһۼ׳βҲǴźХϮݺݵس⽣ϡ
ۼ׳βȻնһ룬⽣ȴҲɡ
ڿһУ⽣ٴηɻصԣΧϵת
裬㲻˵ֻǿ˵ѵڻ޷ͨЭĿˣվڿд
ڶʵʵȤҪ㵽׻˶еһľ޿һһϣд
˵ֻ֮ıɿһ˫ᣬ˫һģſеȥ
Ƥİɣ˭㻹ģ߶ԪԼڿзɿƶͬʱﻹΪԹ
һָΧת⽣ٴϮȥһ׼ֱһ롣
Ȼû⽣նϣȻը飬ȻЩͻʮСķ֩롣
ɫ˿֩β⽣ĸס⽣ȻǺܿ޾˿У󶯵á
㻹ʲôֶξʹɣڷǳ֪㵽׻жٵơʮ֩ϣͬʱ
ûеˣڿ̯̯֣Щε˵
ҿɲûеˡг˻ɡ
ŲţѾȫʵˡ
Ļʵ㹻ͨˣҼǵ˵ԸЭᣬֻӦץȥˡ
ȻҲ巴Ļᣬʮ֩붼ЦȻ׷˿Ҫһӡ
走ûǰɣȸյģЩƹ˿ܻĺ
һ觵̶ɵȸ˳óĿ⿴Ǽʮ֩롣
ȸû蹥
һָ仯ɵļʮ֩룬ȸԸ
ȸһ߿У岻ϵ󣬵һֻչʮ׵ľ޴ϵÿëȼܻ棬һβ
΢΢ȶ̾ë״ɳһ㣬Ǽʮ֩ȥ
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ڻĹ£Щ֩˿ܷһã⽣ǳûǼʮ֩ȫն⡣
ջȸ⽣忴һص⣬һղŵĻָôǿô˰ɣ
ҵȻôˣϵļ͵ؾۼһγһ죬Ҳͽ˵ѡ
׷׾ۼһ»Ĵģ
˻嵹һ룬ĿһĻǰǰʱҲǳ𾪡
һˣҶʮ⡣˲ܡܡٻϵܣܰǺúŬһɾ͡˵
岻мƲƲ죬˵ղŶҴǷģв֮˲֪ٱˣȻѵңҸоʵ׾أ
Ϊ𣿡һЦȻ󻯳һֻ˸ơ
⣬⡭ѵսģֻһֻƣһ𾪵ʵ
ʵ̫ˣղŵƾѾǧŴܵģȻֻǱһֻ˱ơ


95 ֱ
ûսֻҵһֻ֣ҵıΪ£Բûйֻϳһ죬һһϵ˵
ĬˣʱԼ֮ʵ࣬һֻ־ʵôʵжǿЭǰλֵʵжǿ
չֳЩֶΣʮ䣬⻯ȫ񻰴˵вֵܹ
ðɣʵȷǷǳǿⲢţҪǣȻűͨĴصֱӵ˵
ͨǺǣǸôЦһǲм
üͷ֪ĵȻ˵ֻǿԹһֻҲ
ǲӵÿһ߶ӵ忴׾ûеֵӵֶΣȻ׾ǲǻбͲˡ
Ҫŭˣ̹˺ֱţЩӵٶܵߣܹٶȶ㿪֮⣬ߣֻҲֵס̶ֳȵĹ
㲻ţҸ㣬ֻҪл᳤ڣϾûһҸҶЭᣬ׹Ҳû˵仰ʱ԰ͳݡ
ЭĻ᳤ܾʲôȻܹȫеĹң
ЭᣬܹʲôôӦ֪رж͹ѾĿɽĹڣѾû˸鷳ˡ
ƢǳҲסĴ鷳ʱǰΣϵЦţҹԵüΪ졣
رж͹Ҳס鷳ǰѻĶͱˣôܣЦţȻͻȻɫһת˵ðɣҾüЭᣬҲб޻
ãƣȥɣֻһ䶯³һɫƬȻ˹ȥ
ԪɫƬӹֻдšʮ塱ȻûϢˡ
ƻûмһؾƵ꣬ʹ绰ܲ㼤ֻһ仯»ָΡ
лˣ幰˹ֵ
пտȥܲ棬ߵ磡˵֮ı͵ֻȻڷȥ
ſƬҡҡͷεʲô£һ֮󣬾ȻֱЭᣬôѧƵġ
ص˷Ǭ֮ûм˯ҹЭϢҪЭᵽû˵ôǿ
תһȦûзֹЭϢЩϢķӦöû
ڹϸƵЩ棬廹ҵһЩЭϢ
ЭǼΣգҸ˵ĳԱҪȥЭˣҪȻĻмĿǰ
ۣЩţ֮ǰӦòǴţӵʮǿĹٷˣҲֻܴʡ
Ծɻ󣬹Ϊʲô̹˺ֱԸЭأ
Щ֮УܿҵĽͣǿͣһѪ
ô˵ģк֮£Ȼ죬ǻĹû֤ݵ£
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ʱҲˣЭ֯ţƵģȻûйٷǵʵǿӲı
ЭȻҲһЩ˺֮ˣҼЭ飬ǲҪ¶ĺãҪȻƽˡ
һЩȨȻκβЭᣬǲǲЭᣬֻʵˡ
ҲرжôӿϷԭˣΪֻ㹻ߣǲܹЭԿ
屻֪ЭᣬЩȻŶԸǸ°ӣ鷳Ǻܼ򵥵ġ
Ժ⿪ϷҪˣ֯ƽͺܺãҪرжʵǿˣֻҵҲҪùˡ
֪ϢԽԽ࣬һЩƻҲҪ֮ı䣬ܱ֤档
ЭǸһˣһǾԼʵˣܹﵽЭ᳤ʵһ֮ڶңĻҪôĹ˼ɡҪȥܲһˣҪǧ㾭õ֡
ڴϣһŽõЩϢһΪżƻûö೤ʱ˯ˡ


96 ܲ
վһռĹĹǰŴϵĳʯ񳧣ΪҡҡͷȻǹ˵ܲ
ȻǱ񰡣ܲȻھ뾩ôĵطҲ챻ˡһһŹȥ
ϣƵЩУҳ˹˵ܲڣȻȥ˳ƱֱӶ
վסɲոߵſڣϴүʹֵ˳ס
ϴүһɫĳһɫ㣬ͷϡİ׷ƣһϻ
һ˿ֻһͨˣ룬ôһſھȻûбһͷţҲʵ̫ˡ
ȴΪȻûжҲܴ¹ߵʵҲ֮
⻹ֻǱļټսɴȥܹ˾֮һȭǧ
һ߿ţ˵һСˣ϶ʮ󺺣Ҳ޷ͨš
Ӧÿ˰ɣӻóöɫ£ؿϣЦʵ
ߵоһǺЦԭģһ߲˵طŵ˳һµĺá
߻ǲԸÿҲֻóֻ绰
ιϸ磬վܲſأһ˲ýֻ鷳һˡЦ˵
ԭϵܰܲˣ̫ˡſڵţ͹ȥ㡣Ѿܲˣ˵˵
绰֮ԽǸЦЦȻߵһߣ
ûһᣬһ綯߶򳵾ʹӹ濪˳ſڵ壬ںİ˻֡
ϣ˵ģԺҪ鷳չˡӳ֮󣬰ǸЦЦһ̡
Ҽˡ߳磬˲ͽǺõУ΢΢˵ͷȻֵȥ
ղȻûп壬Ҳ֪Ǻ̵ļֵ϶ƣҲǸ֣ٺõҲ˰ɣ
ϸ磬˺ûĻղǸӦǸְɣ˿ţ̶𣿡
ȵ綯߶򳵽˹̲֮סһԵİʵ
ôܣÿµǮҶ࣬ôֻ̡λ̫׺ĹʿֱӶˣ̣ͲһǮԲҡЩЦõ˵
λϵȷܰӰȻʵԸԼôңҲԸӶ֡Щиŵ˵
ۡǰڿ̲꣬סһЦ˳ͬʱҲһҡڡ
ôˣЩ㵣֪ԼղŵǾ仰ʲô⡣
ʵ֮ǰȻûǮ̣ϵ·ǲģΪҪṤʿλһ٣ű·ġЩεĽ͵
ЩˣԼղŰ׿ˣϲû֣Ƕֱˡ
λҲǹߣʵ
ǰɣҪһλߣܻļǿټСϰ䣬ŰϸŰƵġǳ棬ֱ̫ˣ
˵ŰﻹһĨ־֮ɫϱŰĻ档
棬Ҳиֵġҡҡͷа
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˵ʷϰҪ뿴ĻⲻȻ֪ΪʲôܵôϣҲûʲôϣʱҿȥ룬ʮָɴ˵
Щ书ؼ֮⣬϶ǿۿģȻһЩ鱨ϳ⡣
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ƷĻϣȻ۾һ΢Ķϣƺͫȫ֤Ϻֳ⣬ֱǰĻɨ


97 ´
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һԵţ¥е˵
Ǹ֮ŷ֣һͣվڵ￴
һΣ鷳巢΢ıԹ
ϰ߾ͺˣǺһЦ˵ϵ¼ݾͷɿ潵䡣
˽һӵʱ䣬ݲͣ£Ҳ̾˵ĻزصûǵҲ͸
˵ݣ۵һɫĽͨǿƻõӰĳ棬ͨĶһŵչƣͨ
˵ˣǰһ˳ԱƽʱۼǸҲǻص࣬ͻκεطһ𡣡
һţһš
˵ͷû˵ڹܹôĵ£ڳôĻأ̫ҲһЩȡ
ɫͨҲһңƿͨͷĴֵ֮һӾʹĶ
廷Ĺˣһ޴ĵ´չǰ
Σ߳ңĲþͺưһɢҵķţɫɫڴ
Щ˸ʲôĶУеںȾ죬еָűӻֱڴսΧһȺ˼ͽкá
ڴһ࣬гĮ̇ǽϸһ޴ĻǹƱ֣沼֡
ɨһۣǸָѰˡѰɱˡȵȣһ㣬ӦоС
ǹ˵ָܲŴڵľЩŵ򰲳ʵ
ȣһ㣬Ե˵ʱ򣬻һ¶ġһ΢죬Ц˵
ĳһܵ֯Ǵ˵еӶᣡҡҡͷЩʧ˵
˳ĿΪԱŹⲿѹԽԽСڲȻ׵ìܣԾͳΪˡЩε˵
ŶԱڻĹڣʲôܹв𣿡װʵʵѾʼЩ
ܹӰõϢôͲȥˣֱӾͿ1
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߽ʱҲмע⵽ǣмӭ˹ҲмһЦؿߡ
ǼĳˣŸĳˣԵôɣڰĶС˵
֮ǰԵǲģ֮ԸΪ㣡ͻȻתͷЩҧгݵ˵
ιιι˵ҪĵĺðɣҲŵһԵë߹ϵܲ޵˵
ΪſϷô۸ӵĹϵҸ˭ƱضһˡźôҲͰˣȴΪֳ̫粨ŷ׭ֱӱ˸߲ˡ
˵󣬰ĻҲ͸һЩԹ֮⡣
ĻҲһͬʱԹҲǳʧˡ
ڿ˾ΪЩģЩСɢߣȫǱ׳ƣ汳ġ
˵ʱļҲߵ˽ǰ
ִ£ղҴããȥԭǽλСֵȥˡ֪λСֵǣΪ׵ǸݸЦ˵
ǷǬϰ壬ǰʱոռˡ
ʲô㡭һĽܣǸݸ˵һӱø߿ȴһţȻɫʾ⡣
ݸϴֻĿϷôĻңҪ֪嵽֪Ҫӡ
ܹϷ壿Ǿݸ˵Щ˷ܵ幰˹֡
μ棬Ժָ̡Ҳѧͬ˹֡
ҪкͱˣҪҪʶĻԺеǻᣬҪڴﱻϳˣȴȥҡ
˵֮󣬰崩ȺŴһȥͨҵͨ
Уϵ˺ͰкҲ΢Ӧһ£ͼǰߣʱͺȥ
ڣǰ˿ûб¶ݡ
壬Ȼ㣡һ߿ŮӺ洫ðһݱ¶ˡ


98 ʧ
˽г֣Ҳ̲סһ٣ҪתͷʱȴҪǿȥûлͷٻٻ΢΢Щ㶣ѵղϴˣðղſǸ˵Ĳȷ尡ʱڵҲٻٻ˹رǸ֡ʱڹڸ˾֪ٻٻղź֣أһĴ󺺣æ˹ٻٻʵ壿Ҽǵþ˿Ϸɣ԰Ҫ˿ϷҲܶʱҲͲÿǼɫˡ˭壿ôˣĸ壿Ϣܿڴﴫˣ˶֪嵽ȫĴѰûסⷬ󣬰ٻٻҲ֪Լ鷳ˣղŽг֣ȫ֮٣û뵽ĺٻٻش𣬵վԱߵЩҲɵӣ˳ߣܿͷʮֿɡ˶ڵѰټ˺ȫȤһԾǼȥۿϹȥѾˣ˼æ󺰵Ҫңһ󺰣˵ĿⶼתƵҵſڣţ׼ͰȻ󲻵ǷӦѾңҲϡߣҲȥһҪҪſϷԣҪſϷҪǲҵĻҿɲŹһеȫӿȥǺܿͷ֣ǸȥãҵĴ汻ˣֻίԱܹ򿪡ȻȥҾţһͲˡ˾Χ˴ǰҲһЩ뿪Լ㱨ȥˡû취²ʹֻҴŵ棬һˬĿŰϸ磬˻ӭҵķʽǸǾһ㣬Ҫ⣡Ź˵ʲô֪֪ղźǱüͷ˵Щʵ̫һ㣬пܻһЩǡľٶǻݱĺáЦŵؽ͵ϣҳȥʱЩܹһ㣬ҪȻҿҲһЩǡľٶ߰ɣȥЩϡĻЩεҡҡͷһλƢҲһţһȥпܱͻߵͨͷһϵиӵ֤ŽŴ򿪡ҵȨֻܿϣźҲһЩϣҵȨ޲ûа취ȥ͵ҪЩ棬Ҳûй˳ԭ鷳ˣϣûôùﰵߵһǰһڣͿʼ˼֮巢⼸¼飬ǽ֮ġæ˼ڣһһ鿴Ҳȫǽ֮ġϸ磬ϣᶼǽϰɣæһԵİʵԣ϶ǽ֮ģ֮ǰź棬ֻίԱȨ޲鿴˵ǳʧˡҪҵǹ˳ԭ򣬿ЩһôҲûСҪЩϣֻ˵ĸ߲ҽȥǼȻЩϷ϶ҿģҾ֪鷳ࡣ岻ٲ鿴ڣͷ˼ʵϵܣûҪҵϣҪҵǽǰģһǰһˡϸ磬߰ɣ飬ҲΪΪûнǼҵȨޡſڵʱ򣬰˵ϵܣһ˵㣬㲻ǣֱǰ߾ˣ㵲ݡǧҪ֣ҪȻ鷳ˡˣ֪ˣ߰ɣΪղŵЩ鲻ãӦǰЩˣתͷȥͿҵĴڻ򿪡ˣˡһһҪŪһſϷϷĻ뿪ͰһЩ߾ȫ˹ȥҪнס壬ħԸ⹺ʮſϷǾԸ⹺ſϷԵףǮ֮ǰҲԥİѿϷȥϾÿȥһţһھ޿룬ȴǲҳۿϷˡӰ֮ʵƽ⣬ôҲȵùľҹ첻жٿϷҶˣһŵȺ˹


99 仯
˵ȫ¶ŭ飬תͷķȥ
һ¿꣬ż£һ߹Ǽ²ϵؽǰȺǵһԣһ·ͨ
Ǹ׼˵ʱһ·һҽУֱӵ˳ȥ
˵ţľȻҲôţ֪ܺĹٰѹצ쵽ϣֱӸϡһ׳˶꣬ת˵
֪ɫһĿ׳˶ꡣ
ҵǰҵˣڴҵô֪ʵ
֪ǰʱ伤ôΪԼһ죬޵ˣ㻹úܣм˵
ſϷǱʹˣ֪֮һΪ֮ԸͱýޱȣҲʼŰԵ
ĶߣСſ֪
һţΪԼµһĿ֪ԽоƳۿϷ뷨ȷʹÿϷĶˣôۿϷɾ鷳
ԲѣǼҸҰץֵñԶ֪֡ЦһԼ˵
һҡҡͷĴʶ˵ˣ֪Լʲô
Ȼ֪Ķ֣ǼҲΥ֪ֻӲͷƤȥ
ҪսΧȫճһȦӣ㹻Ŀռս
ƾǼȻҲҺҶ֡ЦһŲһ̤͵ǴһȦѪܲڴ׳ֱϡ
ǰһұȴһ˵ţμˣͬʱ˫۽ǰ
ꡱ
Ĺ˵˫۳ֲŤͬʱؿڰݣѪɳȥԶڵϣؿ΢΢
˼ˣתҪܣȴϣһһֱӽȫķɡ
֪⼸ȫǷﰡʲôˣʲôĹſ֪мЦ
֪ŭһǰܣֳצſ֪Դץȥ
Цһ˫ƽģҪ֪ұֱӶϳء
ʱ֪Ѿˣ¶֮ɫǿ⡣ôҪԼ£
еʱ򣬿֪¶˼ıóѵЦݣֻƵļлУұһһ㣬Ĳ
ͬʱϿʼƬָⵯצ⣬ϲȥ

һĻɫ΢䣬ܿʵ̫Ϥˣʮơ
ֱʹһûȥ֪ԣֱѰҵһϤƣҲ΢΢㵡
仯֪ܾȻһҲ仯
ʱ򣬳еսѾˣ֪צץסĲӣ˼Ѫ
Ҫǻ治ѾˣòҪҡ֪յǰݺݵ˵
˵֮󣬿֪һӣһһһߡ
õļæǰϵѪֹסȻʹҽƻȥ
ûв֪˴ˡ壬ĿϷȫˣһһţھҪ
֪ߵǰŵ˵
һЦһһţ
һһţҪȫĿϷԺÿ¶ҪṩſϷȻĻ֪Ļ棬вζ
ȻôѾʹս׭ֻһǷ׭Ϊղſ˿֪Ժֻһ֣
ҾԼã֪צ˺ѿؿڻ¡
ɫ䣬һܣס֪Ĺȭǰ壬ؿڣֱӽɡ
ոճΪߣȻвңһ˵ţһ֪߹ȥ
֪ʱҲվĿݺݵض壬ϵ·ֱӱѣƬϸ֣ͬʱ˫ȫצ
ҽҪ֪ճΪߣҲЩܹġ֪ŭһһצͷ­ץȥ
Цһȭצϡ
֪ҽһֵצȫ۶ϣͬʱұϵƬ׷ױѣѪ
˫һ֪˫ץУһϣֱӽ˫˺ѪӶѴӿ
֪ڵϲϵķţҽţܣܣҵܺһôܻ򲻹һߣҲģ
ܸ˷ˣȻֻܿһƤûõķһ̤ϣЦ˵


100 ɽеĻ
֪֪仯ʱͿʼϸ۲ܣҪ˽սʽ
ǽȴʮʧ֪ʵ̫ˣȻܺͬǶܵøһϡ
֪ϣ˸ͬҲַܹŰ
ֻҪʱ䣬ܹ裬ֻǱ缸ӵܰˡ֪г˲
忴˿֪Ѿϵ˿ڣԱߺ޶첲ҡҡͷûзܣֻзˡͬܣеܹ֮£еȴ
˵֮ҲûϵĿ֪˸кŽͨȥ
ԭΧһԵЩˣȫʵһ·ûٸȥ壬ΪߵĿ֪Ķ֣Ǿ͸˵ˡ
ܵΧЩЩηĿ⣬岢ûʲô԰ĸоΪ֪ЩжǿڻҪŬ
ȵ߳˴֮󣬴ڵ˲ſʼ
廹Ȼ߶ܹܡ
⻹˵ЩܵĿϷģ϶жԸߵֶΣ˵һߡ
Ҳߣûʲôܰ
ŵ֪žһߣǼǿһӣǼǧһͷҰޡ
ڴ۵ʱһ۵ˣ֪ʱ˿֪Աߡ
壬ˣǸ廹ûԶȥұ𡣡֪һϲĿ۵ˡ
죬Ȱĸ첲ϣȻһȥܼҷС
ߵһԣѿ֪첲ùļϣֻǼʱ䣬֪첲ˡ
ίԱôˣ֮æ
ִ£˵˺һأȻͽ֪ˣĺܰίԱƤЦⲻЦ˵
ίԱʱʮָӡҪͣͱίԱִˡ
˵ˣȻģ֪һȥǸίԱĿ˰һۣĿ֪˵
ߣ²ꡣ˵֮󣬿֪æڿίԱ뿪
˵»أ綯߶˹Ĵſڣŵϴ˸к֮뿪˹˵ܲ
һôԶ·ȴһЩƺͲʡ
Ȼ߲УǾʹ취رжЭӦöй˵ϣȥرж̫ΣգȥЭῴɣ
֪ΪΣԸЭᣬҲԸرжΪرжֻǱִ߰ɣ
ӻóɫƬУ̾һͼӳԺ֮С
ԭЭܲ
˳Ʊϣ˳еĿĵؾȫ̩ɽ
ҹɫʣԪԼ̩ɽЩδ̤ĸɽȥ
һ͵ɽԣͣסóɫƬԪ֮󣬿Ƭųһ⣬ɽ֮ϡ
һͳɽڻֱֿӴ¶ͨз˽ȥ
ҿһɣҪȻû취治֪Щ߶ôģѵˣҲʵ̫ˡһ߷ɣһߺ˼š
ֻͨǷһᣬͳͨڣһ޴ɽ
ʱλãڶڵİϽʯʽͺһԭʼĴһ㡣
ɽĶˣʮ޴չţΪɽṩ
ЩĿյϣһЩССĺ׷ϷֻϷڱ˿ʵ̫Σա

˼ŷɹĻ
˭ʲôϺüӣŴ۾壬ǵϻðŻ棬ղǼǵĽ
ĳԱҵ֤һ˵ţһ߼ɫƬڿͶϡ
һĻЩŷСظһ
壬ǲ֪Э³ԱΪղŵΪǸԲ𣡡̧ͷſеϿҵ˵
̾һΣӿˤ壿ҽŶʮòֵ껪ǾȻ壿
ҸͿˣôֻǣأЦеȺʵ
СӣĶ˴ʯʽ߳ҲС


101 
裬ҲͲٵʲôˣֱӾʹӿ
ⲻΪ裬ΪҪԸĻͲҪʹʲôıơ
壬ι°ɣ迴һۣƽʵ
Ϊʲôô˵ѵҾͲ￴ôЦŷʵ
뿪ʱ򣬿ı֪㲻ʲô飬ǹɡ˵ӦûɣԾǲ
˼ôϸ壬Եֺĳô̲ס˵
ʲô˵ɣûֱ˵
һʵ֪˳ԭ򣬲֪Эûйⷽϡ
ԭ飬ҿԸ㣬Ҫ۸ЭһЩϷ޲ĳ
û⣬ҿԳʮǿϷǹ˰ɣԥĴӦ
ЭõʮǿϷָ֮ܿʵƽ⡣
˵ͷȻֱӿ˵Щϣ˳ĿΪԱҪԿģǵʱĿл
Կлʵ
ԣǿлǶʱڣ⵽֣УһЩͦԿЩߡչֳЩʮۺ죬ǿʼ齨лץһЩ߽о˵
ѵǹûй֮üͷ΢ʵ
ܹĶǮˣǽλᣬЩǮ˶Ȩǲܱץȥоġ͵
ǹΪΰһʷӦûҪɣ
Ϊ֮󣬹ҲʼƵо˵ɫЩЩ䡣
ҲǳĬıҿ϶Ҳйܵо
о϶ҪƷʵЩСЩʵƷ³֪
Ĭʱ򣬶ߴһϵͳʾæ塣
1Ѿɣǧ㾭飬۷2
2񡣴账Ϣ븱ҽͨʱ䣺¡ǧ㾭ֵа嵤ʧܳͷȼһ
2Щס⻹Ϸˣ
ʮشζľҪԴĸϷУű黹нǮ
˵ҪЩΪλˣѵȥɣ
磬һκ㽻սܵı仯ǧ֮忪ʼ׽ˡ
跢һӦ
ֻʹһֺֻսɣҼǵõʱ˵㱾飬ûйȥ֪ı嵱ʱڸʲôʵ
ʲôЩɵĿ塣
ֻǺ棬ʲô飬ȻҪԳװν
һᣬûʲôرͼ֮˵˵Ҳ֪ʱũܷһµֻ֮أҲԹȥġ
ֻ֮أ̾뵽˸ѵֻ֮ؾǸ
磬ֻ֮ʲôɲԸҽ¶һʵ
Ҳ֪Ҿڸɣ˼һ˵ֻ֮ģΪʲôôУΪĹȫǿԲġ
ˢһ۾һʵ
ôһ˵е񡣡˵ͷ
˷Ѿܹ϶ֻ֮ؿ϶ǸҲֻи棬пܻ
磬ֻ֮Ĺʵô뵽2ҪҪͨظæһʵ
˵еֻ֮صĹʵʮǿҲֻǿԱ·ֵֻ֮أʵȴʮҵƲˡ
˵֪̾Ӧǲͬȼĸֻ弶ȻҪѡһЩĸ
磬·ֵֻ֮أҵʵܲ洳¶һܸȤģ
ӦǿܹͨȥʲôûʲôöһʮΣգòʧüͷ壬ܸоһʲô
Ļֻ֮ؾʺңϴκһսҸокܶ಻㣬ҪĥԼսɡ
ʱʮּᶨҪȥĥԼսһ


102 븱
ũһСϣһʯͷϡõڵأͣĸ˹
ԴˣҲΪ֮ǰһֱûжһʡ֮ر
ŲԶ΢΢ЩŤĿռ䣬о΢ǸˣղѾ鿴ˣһʮĸ
Ȼֻ弶ʹս׭֮ʵԳʮӦд
Ϊ˱廹Ǿһʵ֮ٽ븱
ϴʱ2600㾭飬ҪĻԣþѧϰ
ܹ˲佫ʵȻֻʮӵʱ䣬תս֣ԽսĴɱ
ʣµľ飬岢ûѧϰѪ䣬Ϊܶսûô˼һ֮ѧϰ
ѧϰܻ10㾫ָԴԴϵĵҩṩ崳ĵ
ϲѧ10㾫ָܱҩҩҩӡ
͸оԼԺͻȻͼ֣ȫǸָйصϢ
ʣµ600㾭飬Ҳû£ǽȼһҽǱٴμھָϡ
Ļľָʹﵽ110㣬ǳ˵ʮһָҲﵽ40㣬ǳ˵ı
һЩҩãȻٽ븱óһ𶦣ͬʱʼ̳ѰƵҩҩġ
顢ػơѪ١ӡڡԺеĻش䷽ȫĲѪҩģܿʹ̳ȫ˳
ЩҩľͲհ׷ֽ۸ˣҩĲͬ۸иеͣһ£һ¯ҩҪҩĴһԪҡ
һ¯ҩҩʰٷ֮٣ҲʮŶѣҩĳɱҪȷ׭ߵö֮࣬ǰĲһ
Ƕ˵ҩǱģΪǹؼʱܾĶ
Ҳ200ѪһСشָܹ100Ѫ൱İ
һĳɹֻаٷ֮ʮһ𶦵ļӳɣҲٷ֮ʮĳɹʣÿŵҩĳɱǧԪ
Ԫĳɱͻش࣬ǻ񵤵ĳɱȴֱʮ
Сʱʱ䣬ܹһٶ¯ҩƽÿһ¯ҩҲҡ
ճɵʼ㣬һٶ¯ҩҲܵõٶŵҩȴԶԶٶŵҩ
ҪǿԪɵĲٿصҩγɡ
ȻУҲòʹһЩ񵤣ĹԪ
¼һϵĶ˿Ʒļٿŵҩһ߽ƬŤĿռ֮С
ֻоһѣΣһᣬȻʹǸŤĿռ䡣
ӭԭʼɭָȼΪʮҵȼΣնۣǡȼΪȽͨҪɱ롣ͨؽʮ1ǧ㾭顣
һϵʾҲһ룿ôöԸ
г⽣ԼΧתʱֵܳĹϮͿʼɭȥ
ոս븱ûж೤ʱ䣬ǴŤռԱߣ̽װӡ
ȷֻ֮ĹʵǿΪ׵һѵϵ̽װһ߶ԱһС˵
٣㲻ӦûҵרҵԣǵϢ˵ǳԷˮ򵥡ǸСЩ˵
ðɣ㣬ôǲǿԸǣǵĿ׺ȥˣ̯˫֣תŰ
µȻڶûз֣٣ǲǿΪǶ弼ܵĿޣЩ˵
ȻҵıڵմһҸұ֤ˣЩܻĶȥϱһâһȭ˵ϡ
Ҳ׷׺棬ڵµĿ׺ó
ιιιǲӦö˵лл֪Ϊ˰ǵЩҷ˶ľ𣿡ڴ׵ļ˺
ǵıڵǲһ٣Ѿõĸлˡѵ˵ллȻһ٣Ա׸ߵ׳첲Űв
ðɣðɡǵıˡһߺˣһֵ߰
ÿδףҶоޱȰȫ˫ִ󽣸Ұ֡Ͽ֮Ǹһͷɫ̾˵
ˣ£ֻҪδõ㹻ϵ׿ףпܽ㡣Ц˵


103 ȸ
Ҫͺˣ׿ףҸоҵʵҲһ롣ɫĽܶЩϲ˵
Щֻ֪֮⣬ǾҪʱ䣬ռһЩսʿЭܹõõķչɫ˵
ЩǶ֪٣ǿɣѾЩȲˡǸ׵׳æ˵
򣬲ҪżһֱĬǸ꿪˵ݣ˫ĿΣյĹâ
Χ壬ֹһǳͻȻϮתͷŰԸ
֪ˣ԰٣Ҳ䣬Ϊ꣬ȴһϻҲҶ˵ֱתܽ˴С
һڣȫĬˣû˸˵ֻվȴ
һᣬɭٵ˳żɿݵݣɫЩѿ
֮ǰոЩݶǱ𿾽ģĵ滹ȣӦǲ֮ǰµġ
Ļ˵ɫȫһ䣬ֻкıûʲô仯
߰ɣȻֻ֮֮󣬰ע̽⣬˵ʵǿǾݱ壬ʵǿĻǾ͸ɵ
תƬŤռȥ紫˵Ķ
ݡ
һָ⽣һʹһֻɽСӺһѪֱ֣ӵ˵ϣ˵ȣʹ˻鼫֡
ֻɱĵֻɱǰֻҲӡ
Щֻɽ󣬵ȴʮָ30㣬ǳ˵ͨҪǶֻбŰķݡ
ǰַϣĬɼ
ϵʬ˲ʧƷ棬ҲһƤͼ⡣
ɼɱһֻӺϵͳģǻ漼ܣûʲôãʤޡ
ӵʬɭǰ
ӵľҲԣÿһֻʮ㾭飬ֻṩľ飬֮ǰľˡ
ͷ巴żͨظˣ˭֪⸱֮ͨ󻹴治ڣҪѸĹȫɱɾٳȥȫǾ鰡
һСߣ巢һȺ¹ԭ͸ߴģʱһ˶ߣĿԵˡ
鿴һЩ¹ԣҲʮǵָȻ80㣬ǳ˵İ˱Ⱥǿˡ
Ҳ˵Щ¹ײһ£а˰ٽҪǱײԳǧ֮
ѪҪͬʮ¹ʵǿ˺üҪȸʮʵͬӵļٱ⽫ǵһĲࡣ̾
ʱҲȸڳռУװ״˸ղӵľ飬æȸӳռзų
ȸմӳռгͷһУ˷ȥ
ԭڽǰеĺһˣʱҲȸУȫͣסŲķȥ
ֻʵӦòǵĿѰ󣬲򲻵ѣҪȥǰƽ˵
ȸ˷ܵĽҲһȺںߺˮ¹ȫ̧ͷĿ⾯߿
֮Ⱥ¹ŭĽȻ͵ͷ˹
һ¾ˣԭ׼⽣͵Ϯȫȸƻˡ
ǵ鷳ڸҽˣҪȻԺͱˡȸĶݺݵв
ȸһ忪ʼٵֻͣܿչʮ׵ľ޴˫һȣĻȺ¹¡
ȸ޾Ļ£Щ¹ֻ˼ȫڵ˵ڵأʮҵȥ
һԵ嶼Щɵˣ㼶ȸɱһȺʮѪǿڡ
һľȼĴһ飬̻ع
ȸЩջȥҪȻǾҪˡ弱æϢȸ˹ȥ
ȸٴһһΧľϵĻȥ븹С
һɫâȸ˸⣬ȸɢϢҲԽǿ
ȸһֽǸղһսȸȻѾ߼ָ;ָ900㣬Ǳ700㡣
ˣȸһܣо顣
о飺ܡֻҪлĵطͿԽٻָѪÿӻָѪ1%
ܣǸĽʺޡǰհٷֱȻָѪıܰڻȵ˺ڣÿֻ¶ûָѪ


104 
ֽȸǱȫھָϣľָʹﵽ1600㣬Ҳǳ˵160Ѿ˦ȥ˰֡
ˣⲻܱȣ˭˼зѪأ˵ˣȸҲֻҵĳ̬Ҫƽȣ
ܴ̼壬İοԼ
ʱҲԼ忴һ£ľѾﵽ2900㣬ȸõľ鲢Ǵߵġ
ûԥֱӻ2400㾭飬9ͬʱָҲ140㣬ָ55㡣
˿Щս¹ʬ壬Ҳ˹ȥɼͷΪԲɼκζ
ղôͽһŻԪظһԪһɱֵʱ㻹ҪŬ
Ʒ׼üŻԪһȸ
ǸմƷһ£ΪƷ棬Ȼһװ
ȻװˣҪҰϷô
һ˵ţһߴƷǼװ˳鿴һװԡ
¹Ƥ
Ʒ
Ҫ5
20
;öȣ10/10
Ӽܣ
¹档ٻһֻ¹飬ʵǰͬǰһ׷Χڷ档ȴʱ䣬24Сʱ
װ֮ȥϷϣйװϢ
װԣмܵװΪ鱦
װϸĹÿһ൱ʹ幫ÿһԵ幫Ĺ
¹Ƥ׵ķ20Ҳ˵˵ĹһٹôͲܵκ˺
˵Ĺһٹôιͻһ;öȡ
⽣ܱ֮ΪƷľɹԡ¹Ƥ״ϰɣҲǶһ㱣
һе¹Ƥʧϡ
ڽ֮ǰ廨ʱƵҩڼսôһᣬʱѾʼˡ
ټïʢľ֦Ҷסǰʼû谵
ΪҹЩʳ⶯ﲶʳʱ䣬Ϊ˷ֹ⵽ϮֻܰԼԪⷢԼΧʮװ뾶ķΧ
ʵ̫Ԫˣҵ۾ܿͺˡЩиŵ˵
˻һڣͻȻ֮ǰ1ȵ۷
Ȼ֪۷ʲôôӦø۾йϵųЧ
óʮſհ׷ֽʼü۷֮͵õ۷׭һ
óһ۷һ½ܣ͸оԼ׬ˡ
۷ʹ֮󣬿˵۾ӵҹӡԶ΢͸ӡ顢ƻáݡԤС׭ǼԽߣԽࡣʱ䣺һ졣Ǽһǡ
Ȼ۷۾ǸԵģǶ˵ЩԵȫкܴá
һ۷ʹ֮о۾һΧԭģľ𽥱ͺǰһ
ȻܹҹӵĻôͲϢˣȰͨأȥ֮Ϣɣ
Ȼ󲿷ҹﶼϹӣȸȻڴУʱ延ķţʱļһë
໡
һʮǺԶ֮󣬾һ
ǴǳȺӻģҵȺǣƾȸڵʵԿɱǣôһʾ飬ôܹŹ
ԪųԼǺķȥ
ǵĸо־⸱ǿҪǴӵϹȥ׾ͻᱻֻ֣ѡϷɹȥ
ֻǻ˼ʮʱ䣬ȺڵصϿգΣҲ΢΢һ㶡
ʱȺмĿյϣӱԱһ˵ϴſף˫ִ󽣣ϵĽĻҿ
ǸСһЩӣһذף֮һ㣬еذײ϶Щǵĺ
ȺΧһ˸źڰɫâУÿһǱɱж˸һ£ǻǵʬʧеԱߣǻһͷĻǡ
һĻľ󣬳еûκηӦѾ˾ռһ㡣
Щܹ֮ϸΪЩ˲ңɱBUGϵͳ᲻Ͻ޸ǰһĻ
뵽ԼɱЩûиܿһĻԭ
٣ңǲܼЩˡ˵
ǡ֮󣬰ٺͰæ˻صߡ


105 Ϯɱ
ӻͳһƿɫҩƿڣͷȥȻǿҵĶâ
ҳ壡һ͵ǰȥ
е˫ִһӣǰ·ϵļֻȫҷɣȵڵʱѾǳˡ
ٺͰ˽ظںԣΪסԱĻǣܶºͰǵס׷Ļǡ
ȻȥĻܹͨڰҲҪһʱ䣬һҲʱԶ
ƿҩˮһΪҪϼʮնأŴӻǵİΧѵˣ岻мƲƲ졣
岢ûмŶԸȺǣԶԶظں˵ĺ棬Σյĸȫװĵ϶вɸ˵Ŀġ
żûܶԶŲһģɫҲЩ԰ס
Ϣһɣȿҩڹȥˣټֻ֮̽ءȥ̽һΧ
һʯͷ£ŰԸ
ǡӦһ˸ʧС
⼸ͣ£ҲûмڿУǸ̽Χ˸һôϡ
ΪԶټڶֲ赲岢Ǽ˵̸ֻܰԪ̽˹ȥ
Χûʲôг֮󣬳庣˵ͷ
ͺãղǳսû˵ע⣬ǻûб¶˵ͷ˿
ǸˣüëһָԭѾ֪ҵĴڣҶһһЩ
ѾطˣǶûзĴڣֻȥһҿˡ̾һ
ɻǵʲôֲʲôϡȱԴǵôΣյĵطô
ǾȥǸңǿǸȽˣֻҪӰ쵽ǲɼ󣬾ȫɵ۾΢У˵
仰ϵҲ⼸˾ȻҪɵԼ
Ȼ׼ɱңֻΪǿˡ
һ⽣˲࣬Ľ˺ѿһۼźĲȥ
ʯͷϢĺͻȻеһ⣬ϵĺë͵է˼屾ܵԱһ
֨¡һǿҵĽĦ
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ղʲôȻҵĿ׶˺ˡɫָ߾Ŵ󽣣۾Ļܡ
ʱŸշӦæűһ
ôΧģΧ㶼֪һߴΧһߵ԰ŭ˵
Ҹұ֤ҵʱʱ򣬲ûзκټӦҼ֮󣬲ġһ˵
ڲʱע۲ܣٴ͵Ϯ˵
ʱҲЩȣ⽣ķǶôӲĸǰ񶹸һ
ǸղϮʱôٶȼӳ£ҲֻĿ˺һӣζŶڵ˵Ŀ˵⽣ûеķ
Щ˵ǴģϵĿ׾Ȼ˼ӲԳڵи
ͻȻЩ˸ղ˵ΪѰϵϵļӲףԺðһ²⡣
ѵЩ˵ĿףǸģ
ǵĿǲǸģ׼ԸҵʱǾͶˡĿؿˣһ⽣ٴηɳ
һΣ⽣շɳԣͱзļ˷ˡ
һεĿ겢ǺվԱߣһͷɫ̷Ľܶ¡
ܶ¿ûкʵϿȻΪṩ˼ķǿ׵ĳҲʧȥ
ǣܲҵǣӰĿףܹ赲ס⽣Ĺ
һ̶ĽĦ⽣ӽܶµĲϴȻ˲ɽ˴֮С
˫ִ󽣴ӽܶл䣬Ŭ̧֣Ҫסϵ˿ڣָ̧һ룬۾ȥ
䡱
ܶˤڵϣصĿڵϣһƬҳ
ܶ£ʧе
ݡʱƵ⽣ٴη˻һεĿ׵İ
ɫ䣬һԱ߶ȥһе˫ִ󽣣׼⽣ס
֨¡
һĦ⽣˫ִӰ죬ĲһӹֻǻһѪۡ
ŭһȻæʼϵĿס


106 ²
ɽƮĹܶµ⼸˵˷ŭͿ־塣
ϴŵĳؿףһķɽûжãӰǵԣûжܵĿܡ
û񰣶ѿףǴӻóһɢӫӣڵĶעֱ֮Ϸȥ
ע붷֮ӫӵڲʼҵı仯ȻȻӫĩһطۼȥ
ףϵһЩӫĩȻȫۼٿ⽣Ԫ档
ȥס޷ָڵλãŰԸ
û˵˵ͷһٵڵλôȥ
Ȼһ֣⡣˵һ䣬ٴβٿ⽣򰢵ȥ
ϵĿ׸ոһ룬⽣Ҫٴζܿһεȴûϴôã⽣ĺһѪ
ڲٿ⽣ͬʱҲʱע߸Ϲİ
Ȼˡüͷ΢΢Ĵһ£ȴûзְټ
ܿ죬뵽ʲôüͷչԴмǱô
Сƶţ忿ϵߣϵɫҲǲϷ仯ͺһαɫһ
ɭֺӫĩָ£ܿҵĲ֮ûмǰ׼Ǳп壬Ȼ󷢶Уһɱ
ٶȹ᲻ʹټɥûпǹЩ˵ʲôϵҲûɶѡ
һڰе飬ÿһ֦ļ϶У֦ҶĻζľҲԽԽˡ
һʱɱ˰٣˿ףҲںҹ㿪⽣Ĺ
ʱĳУֻʣºڿ֧ţʱѾղʹÿҩ嵽ڻûֱָι֧Ųסˡ
žԼԶǸ֣ͮͮһЦʲôǱмܣϵͳǰǸ
￴Ǹ꣬ɣذյøһֶذװסһǾۼڽϡ
ϵĶȻ֮Ȼ嵯ȥͬʱгذףҲıִȥ
ڰϲΪԼҪɹʱһĴĶܾˣ
Ѿʹս׭壬ƣҼǰ壬һײײ˰ؿڣһĹֱѪɳȥ
ȵ彫עתƵǱߵʱֻʣµϵʬˣղŻǱĺȻʧˡ
Ȼܵô죬Ϻöǲٰ
ʱҲˣǺðΪɱΪ˸ԼܵĻᡣ
ǸӡŵڵϣԲѵİҡҡͷ
Աһ׳٣Ȼѡ
˵˵ɣǵʲôĿģѹ岻ʵ
Щ̧ͷһۣȻµͷʲôû˵
ӰеӵľòãѵӦȰǸ˵һ٣Ȼе鶼һӵӦɣЩ˵
ɱҰɣʲô˵ġȻһЦƽ˵
ֻܺ㻻ʽˡ
˵գǰڿնȺڵĵطȥ
ȻܹУֻ΢΢ڸղŵǳսУͲ²һߣڲǲ²ˡ
ȺϿֱ֮ӰѰӽȺ֮С
Щһȫϵ˺ҧŰϵѪ⡣
﷢ҽУȺзţҪȺ˺ҧȴûκá
ʱעŰѪѪ͵ΣֵˣԪȻһСش
Сش£ϵһЩ˿ڿʼϡ
ȵָĲˣٰӵȺ֮Уǵ˺ҧ֮ʹ
ؼ֮󣬰̲סʼģʲô붼ˡ
ΪѰʹЩͿףȫĶһ߳һ˵
ҵĲ²ûд⸱ӦһʹǿֲҲøߴ󣬾ֿҲõĻҩЧΣĦԼ°˼š


107 ʵƷ
ղǼʹõĿ׺ʹ󽣣ͬһ㣬Ӧþģ˵Ӧֻ֪֮صڰɣ忴һԵİЦʵ
΢ЦһٴνԼӽȺ
ֻ֪طһڹһСϣһǹҵɳĮС
γȸҡ
ڰ˵طľγ֮߾һϵͳʾ
õϢͼϵͳ
Щ⣬û뵽ѯһ¾γȣܹһµϵͳͼϵͳ۵һ޴ͼڲϵ˸
ڱʡڵǸɫĹ㣬ɾʹԼɫ㣬һڴһɳĮӦþڵˡ
ط˵ֻʮΣյĵطǶ˵Ǿʹžͱ
ڲȥԭʼɭָѾ͵ʮˣôҲǶʮ߸ߣڵ˵ʵ̫Σˡ
ȸȺȫ˰ɣ˸ָżϵȸԸ
ȸؽһڿնٴα޾Ļӿ£һȺȥ
һԵİ￴һĻһ󾪲굽ʲôˣʵôǿΪʲôҴûϢ
ϵЩǲϵԾȸĻ𹥻ˣҲǱȺ¹֧ʮӰˣԾѲˡ
ЩǱɱ֮󣬾ȻûиһĻ󣬰һľȡ
ϵЩǣƤëѾսһζҲֻ̾һŰת뿪
ȸĴģȷˢֻһ㲻ãǾǱɱйȫû˲ɼļֵ
صղźͺ˴򶷵ĵطϵǼ׺ЩͻȻʧԼǰɫûκα仯
УԽԽأԽǿܣԽ
ڰĴãʱûɱ뷨ΪʱһЩôҪɱҲҪȳ˵
ղţڱʰĹУͷ˻شȱ㡣
ԭΪʲôˣֻҪûشƶָܹܿһưĹУ鲢
ϵ˿ȻˣЩҧϵĹͷûлָԭģֱһγһЩŤ״
ֲ֮ѯϷϣȴû⣬ΪѾݻֻҪѪͻָԭ״
˱ٹȵȥٹȵʵЧΡ
ٹȵĽ˵ǣһűٹȵܹһ²Բȣ֪ʱ˶ûйϵ
֪ĶǶھȫȡڰ±ٹȵ֮ðﲻϼ
ȸɱʱҲûðϢһ£ڵĶҲ޾һ㣬Сʱ֮Ҳûпݽߵļ
ǣɫȴǲ԰ֽѾľήҵ˼㣬Դﲻϴһʹ
Ͼ裬Ҫľģ˵ˣСʱ֮󣬹Ҳǲˡ
ˣͣ°ɣһֱԱ߹۲壬ڴ󷢴ȱĿˡ
⼸СʱĹ۲죬Ҳ˱ٹȵԭ
ٹȵܹ˲Բһ£Ϊҩ溬о޴Ϊܲϵؼ
þǽ𵤣ȻĽʮǧǶһ˵һ׵ңֻҪŵסԲϼھͶ
ʱãԼ֮ǰûɱȷģҪɱȥôõʵƷ
ҪûһЩȾԴ嶼ڰһ鵤Чˡ
ʵлعע⵽ȸȻѾ14Ȼʣ4760㾭飬ԼľֵҲ16500㾭顣
æ鿴һ¼¼տʼɱ˶ʮֻǣÿֻ550㾭飬ɱһֻèҲ550㾭顣
ɱÿ1050㾭飬ɱһֻϻõ2810㾭顣
ȻĵطҪǶϼΣҵʵܹܿȥһ߸пţһ߿ʼʹþ顣
һǧ㾭ѧϰѪ䣬ȻսòԺõʱб޻
Ȼֻһǧ㾭10Ҫһ㾭飬ʱͷ
ʱ廹ʣ14500㾭飬Щȫ11ǧ㾭飬12ǧ㾭顭


108 ԪӦ
14֮ľͲùˣֻʣٵ㾭顣
10֮ǰÿ1Ҫľֵһٵ㣬10֮ÿ1Ҫľֵһǧ㡣
ҪľֵԽԽͬʱĸҲࡣ
10֮ǰÿ1ָ;ָ5㣬ͬʱõ5Ǳ10֮ÿ1ָ;ָ50㣬ͬʱõ50Ǳ
14֮ʵ˴ȵӣָ550㣬ǳ˵55ָ260㣬ǳ˵26
㲻ʹս׭ڵļҲǧ˵ЩֻƷĻǾǺܼ򵥵ˡ
ʹǾĻֱһ̹ˡ
ٶȵûôˣһٶܹ֮һ
ֽȸǱϣʵøǿͿʼ鿴ƷǷʲôջ
ƷװһƤһöָ߽һͷƤָ߽ƷͷƷ
Ƥ30ҸһǺܡ
Ǻ״̬ܣԽ͵˾ָָ10㣬ʱʮӣ״̬ԵӣȴʱһСʱ
ָ߽10ָһƤܡ
Ƥ״̬ܣܵʱ10%ļʿԶ㿪Էļܣʱʮӣ״̬ԵӣȴʱСʱ
ͷûʲôԼӳɣȴһʮĿռ䣬ףףȻܹƷͬƷ޴棬ôҲС
װ֮廹ǱȽģܺûҲǷ
װ֮͸оһЩװнԼڣףӦþװ̺ˡ
һϼװ̷˱仯ʮװҲϵͳԻҪȻЩװƽʱû취
ղȸ߻ϻսʱΪ٣ûȸʹüܣֱȥսߺϻűץ֮⣬û˺ۡ
ʹòɼ֮ҲƤһĻƤһЩ⻹йͷ
ѰҹĹУҲټûȥȥѰû
ѰһȦ֮ȴûзֱĹɭֶԵЩյġ
ֻӣʮֻ¹ܹôʳ⶯ⲻǳ𣿡ﱧԹɭʳĲ
ǣϵͳ涨ģҲû취ֻȥǸ룬ֻҪˡ
ֻĲһ屾ΪȻ룬ģӦþ°ϰŮ˵ʲôû֡
ھᣬŮ룬ɱǲɱ
ǣڼ֮ҲˣɱһҪɱĥ̴֩룬ʵ̫ˡ
Ϊչĵȼ10Ǹߴ20鿴һԣָߴ2000㣬걬
Ȼȸֻܹ룬ȴԼ֣һˣɲֻܽˢͱӦһʵս顣
һָ⽣ɳֱȥ
ķɽһӶǱ򳡻ϵڻһӰ
ڸ£һ̶ʵһ㣬ϵĻ⽣ϣ⽣ϲ޷
ʱ̧βһСֵָ˿˳⽣ƹȥ
̶ִӰ£ԪҲܵӰ죬ʼ⽣ĿҲ˿ûס
ϴսʱʹ˿ס⽣ʱǿȸŽЩ˿ƿ
ȥʱ򣬾˶ԸĶԲߡ
ʵҺ뺰һ䣬ͬʽʥʿֻһΣ̫ˣҺһ߽⽣װһ
⽣װ֮˲ͻصƷУȻٴװ⽣ֳԡ
İ취ϵͳĹȥԿˣţһУκ˶Բס
ϵͳɶӲ˭ܷĹ
ܹõļܻ̫ˣɽõĻֻԪһˡ彫ԪųһȴǽԪ黯
黯֮ԪӰ죬Ŀ£˲Ĵ֮С
Ԫʵʻ
黯Ԫ̱ʵʵĴڣһ룬Ĵ


109 Լ֮
Ԫʵʻ֮뷢ʹĽ岻ϵĲţϲϵط
ˣЦһͲٿʵʻԪĴ
̡һ߽ţһó޵Ŀ⿴塣
룬üͷղŲٿԪܵԶҪöࡣ
ָ2000ĹԾȻ˼ͣɡ峤һ
ϵ룬һۣһ˿֮⣬Ժеľʹֻ͵˹ȥ
Ԫ
ʹ˱֮ʮ֮ڣԪΪԭ˲ͽĴԽһŽ
ҽź󳷣һžડصڵϡ
ԱȸϹâһٴһﵽ15
鿴һȸԣʣ5760㾭飬ֻҪٶ㾭飬ܹһϧǣѾûйṩˡ
ɱֻ6000㾭飬ټ֮ǰĵõЩ飬һθܹ25350㾭飬ټϼװǲջˡ
һθ棬оУͽ븱֮ǰȣʵ˺ü
ȻѾͨˣҲ뿪ˡ˵仰ʱҲ΢΢Щƣ롣
븱֮ǰСʱĵҩ֮ǳϵսûκϢЩƣ
ȻһŻ񵤾ͿԽ⣬ȴҪ˯ǽĻԲû˯ôܵ顣
ϵİȸһŸڵķȥմӸ֮гĶ߾ͽϵͳʾ
ϲ2а嵤ǧ㡣3ҵȼʮ3ʱӡ
ϲɸ񣬽ʮһǧ㡣
͸оֺͼԺӿȥγţֱǱа嵤
ִƷóһɫûй˼һԵİһɱˣͿɣ
֪ʲôöЩһӣӴ򿪣ƮһʵصĴ飬ʮףʮס
һ죬ⱾϣҳϣдšԼ֮顱ĸ֡
ͬʱԼ֮ϢҲȫԺ֮С
Լܹ֮ʮҳܹʮ弶ǩԼԼĳɹ˫ľԱȣ־Ҫū͵ĻʱԼ
Լ֮ĽܣֻһоǾ˯ˣͷ룬ҪǰѰɱˣԺûôõʵƷˣ̾͵õⱾԼ֮顣
Լ֮飬תŰȻԼ֮򿪣ַڵһҳϣΪΪͣԼ
˵֮Լ֮ĵһҳͻһ⣬ܽ˰ڡ
۾Ȼ岻֮ǰϼѾ̫ľѾ᲻ٷʶˡ
֮һӰڷɳԼ֮ϣҳֽϲǿհףǰϡ
ˣ﹧Աߴ
תͷȥͿĹǹ֮ɫ
巢һȵķ֣ԭŤȣʱѾָ
Ϸвѯܿҵ˴𰸣ΪΪˣҲϵͳķΧ屻ݻֻҪѪͻָ״̬
ԼȥеķǬңҹͻȥ԰Ը
ǣˡ﹪ӦһܣԶ񱼶ȥ
ڰߺҲųվȥ׼ƱУҪȥѯһ£ֻ֪֮صꡣ
ո߳ɭֻ֣һ𶯣óһȴʮδӵ绰ͼʮš
巭һ£Щţ󲿷ֶԬġտʼݣҪѯʹڷ׭ģǹİȫ
⼸ȥȥˣܿͻȥˣõġԬȥһš
ŸշȥԬĵ绰ʹˡ
磬⼸ǬҲҲˣ绰ҲͨһΪأԬĵĻӻͲﴫ
û£ֻǵɽתתû뵽ֻźŶˡЦǺǵ˵
Ȼû£ҲͷˣǵǾ۾ۡ˵Ԭһ٣˵ղǼҲҪ㡣


110 ף
Ĭһ֮Ż˵ǾͽǰɣҲʲô˵ġ
УæҾͲˡ
ϵ绰ֲ֮鿴һʣµĶţЩŶǶٻٻģ֮ǰٻٻкǰŵٵġ
ΪûӦԺ漸ŵݣ˶尲ȫĵǡ
ٻٻȥһ绰׼ƽ
ι壬û°ɣлˣһΪأ绰һͨٻٻЩеʹӻͲﴫ˳
û£ֻ⼸ȥĵطɽֻ֣ղźţԲûܽӵǵĵ绰
⼸ȥ˹˻أȥЭأȻֽ˸ûһطյֻźŵġ
Ŷû°ǾͺˣҪ٣û£ٻٻ̾ͰעƿԼĿġ
٣Ҫٸʲôʵ
ˣ⼸ɽȥˣ㻹֪ǰҪˣÿû£׼ȥ֣ҪҪҲһȥٻٻǱЦʵ
ǰɣӦûȥԼȻȥɣﻹеҪͬѧĻٻȥҲڻҪȥʸ顣
ŶǺðɣٻٻЩʧĹҶ˵绰
ְЩδӵ绰ļ¼һ£ȴЩδͨУͨ׵ֻ롣
һݣѵʲô£
æ˸׵ֻȴһֱû˽ӣֲĸ׵ֻҲһû˽ӡ
Ͳﲻϴġཡཡɫѿ
ʱҲ˲ֱӵ˵ͼϵͳͬʱԺеԪӿ壬ݵͼϵͳָʾżķֱɶȥ
ԪһֱƶţٶҲԽԽ죬䡱һ죬ֱӽײƣ󼱾ߵ¶ȣҲûӰ쵽
ֱΧ¶ȸߵЩܲʱûм٣ٶȶʱٶѾﵽ屶١
ڿгٷе壬ܿͱϺʡĳ»ص״⵽ˣ״ϼٶȣǸ״ʿĵһӦǼ״״ǲǻˡ
״ûʿ̾Լϼ㱨ܿ´սء
ǻûߵսգѾǵĻϿӹȥˣƾսٶȣѹû׷ϵĿܡ
״ôСһӦټôٶȣǸʿⲻUFOˡ
ʱûչ˼ɵӰ죬ֻ뾡Ļؼңĸǲǰȫ
ҪҵʱڴֻͻȻһ߷ţһߴӿڴóֻ
ΪⲼһԪϵ·Ʒûбջ١
ֻĻϵʾٶһ
裿̽Եʵ
С壬ҺָղųȥţֻˣղŴ绰ؼǲʲô£ĸº͵ֻ洫
ĸ׵ĽֻͣеһôҲû뵽ȻԼȷ̫ˡ
û£ҾǴ绰㣬ҿҪˡ忴˿ϵͳͼЩε˵һֻмʮˣܲȥаɣ
ͿˣУȥˣû¸˵أĸЩ˵˵
ʲô°ʵ
ץʱˣʲôµ˵˵֮ĸҲķӦֱӹҶ˵绰
ιι衭⻹û˵ʲôأ忴ֻƲƲ죬ͼżķȥ
Ҫҵʱһû˵ĵط䵽ȻֱӲлؼҡ
嵽ҵʱ򣬷ָоףֱӰԼˤɳϣ֣أ
ˣȥˣһͻ常̧ͷ˵һ䣬ּоȥˡ
ͻȻղڵ绰ĸû˵׵Ǽ£æյߣ׼Ϣ
֣ղڵ绰˵Ǽ£ʲô°Цʵ
ĸײͷһЦݵĿЩëʱſ˵ν׵ġ
ף循һ
ⶼĸİҪû˿ϣ׵Ҳһѵ֮·ڵĲҪ
ԹɵѩԸ񵥴Ķٻٻһоϣûǵ׵ĵز
˵ˣŸձҵŶʮ꣬Ͳż顣
ԣνΪ׵ġ常ۺЦĵ˵ͷ


111 ׽ʱ
֣Ǹһ£˰һ˵ţһæȥ
ʲôȥջҪܣոߵſڣͱ˻ĸ׸˸š
Ц˵Ǹҵе£ҵûȥһ¡
ô첲ֱ˴ɷԹˣĵֹͣӪҵˣʲô£ĸҴĻԡ
Դ֪忪һĵ̺ĸʲô£һֱڹע
ǰʱ䣬Ǭǵأǣĸæ绰ȥѯʣͰο˵û¡
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Ҳû뵽¾˸ĸͨƵ֤øĸţȷʵûˡ
֪Īĸ弱æܵģĸ֪Ӧ֪Ҫ׵ˣҽڣ³ô
ٺ٣裬㿴˵ģͺ첻˵ʵƵġ鲻ˣȻؼҶþûķˡһЦݵĴչĸһ߽˼š
裬˵Ȼ㹦ͰɣҲСʲôҲţֺαؼȥأ
극ĸ׵ԱߣҪȰ˵ĸ״׵ͷ
˵ЩҲ֪巽ҵӸܵģ̧ͷͷģҲþܾȥһ棬ôԼ⡣
ĸ˵弴ٲԸҲ˵ȥˡ
һһ棬һλţһɫװʰʮ䡣
岻ʱشǷϻû˯ѣͱĸ׽úôһ£Ȼֻ߸Ҳݵġ
ӸʱԪĶ࣬ټ֮ոٷУ˴Ԫ˯һеû
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ȵԽԽͷ׼뿪ʱ򣬴Ӳ߽Ůӣϻžµױ²ʮ׵ĸ߸Ьϴ¶ȹ
ŮӸԱ˵һỰ֮󣬷ԱͰŮ쵽һ
ɣǸһЩŮӳʵ
̧ͷһŮӣǸһЩŮӣеԲ̷ЩɰĸоһŮǹĸڷ٣һֱβԵĺڳֱ
Ҿ壬һǼŰɣ壬̾һˡ
ŮӵģǲǱٻٻѩҪһЩˡ
ǼţĹǸһЩŮӣԱߵŮºܵ
ŶСãСáŮͷЦ˵
ĳƺɫЩÿЩؾҵֽйۣ
˼ղŽдˣۣŶС㡣һǸҲûУһЦݵ˵
ʲô֣۶һСƻ˼ͥôƻ˼ֱͥӾ˲ﰵԸ̵
忴ܶͥìܣзĸǻŮĹ۹ĵģû壬ϻٺܶͥìܡ
ģֱѾǸ˵ʲô
ԱˡֽеȻƳһۣ׼ݺݵһ١
ӹ˵֮ҲָǼ۸ĲһԷԱ˵ʱȵ⼸ɣǵɫƷ
һԾĿţûһ˼
֪ʲôģÿǶ٣һֱ˶ȣźɫ˿ҡš
ԭһҵ̣ھӪƣѾͣҵˣʵʵ˵
⻰ź΢΢һ㶣֮ǰ˵ͦǮôôźѾƲˡ
ڻжٴּæ׷ʵ
еʲܹһЩһЩĽ⣬ϼӡʵʵ˵
һЩ羰Ķеı۸ڣʮڵңҲֻʮˡ
ϡٵĽ⣿ϲôķӸֵǮȻ˵ţͼŻǰһ
ǳϲķӣ׼Ҳһ򣬿廹е
ĵͣҵˣԺôģҪɽհɣѵǸ̾ͳ׵군𣿡
һԵļҲ̲סˣЩĵʵ


112 ݽŮĽ
֮ǰѾϸ֪Ÿոձҵڶ̶̼µʱȻܹ׬ȡɴ˿ɼǸ̾жôǿȻϣܹת
Ŷڽ²ƷзĿǰѾһĳɹֻҪһȥ̾Ϳ¿ҵˡ
Ѿѧϰ˵ĻشƼ鵤ѾܹƣֻȥƣȻͿԿʼˡ
ͼſⷬ˵ǣΪӱģͲȡš
ǵѾ϶ƲԲ˵ôǶܹ˼
ͼŶһۣ˾̽һ¡
Ӧÿ˰ɣһ극ȥô˫Ŀʵ
λıȽϴæûпʮʵĻش
ʱѾЦˣҿһʵˣ˵ѣڱǲһ˼ǲܹܵ˵ġ
ͼŴʱҲжϣʱǵſкܴĿܶɽһ֧ǰǱɡ
ͶȥһѯʵĿ⣬˵ͷ
壬֮׬Ǯύ𣿡һΣ˼ѯˡ
֮ǰϷˣ˼⣬ȴЩˬˡ㣬ŵһμ棬㲻Ҫʵôֱ׺òã
ᣬǶʽĽ»̫ѹޱ飬˵
仰ֱһڿϣʽĽţƤܴһ²ݸ岻
Ÿɿһʵ֮еĴһ׷͸𣿡
ᣬҵѡѾЩ͡
ŻҪʣʹѧϰıɱʵǴŮ𣿡
˵仰֮Ѿñÿȵ׼ˣҲϣ׵ʱ仰ʵ̫ǷˡǣѾ˲ñˣֻҪĵס
Ԥбÿȵĳ沢ûг֣Ÿ߸ߵӣһģŵػشǣ
ȿȡֱӱǺˡ
һ𾪵Ŀżţﲻϵĸţ㣬ǰɣһݽŮȻô̫Ҹжˡ
źҲ֪ʲôǲм˵Ȼݽ𣬵ҵĿ겻СҲ鸾Щң֮ΪҼӷֲ١ҿɲЩСŮһͷתڼʮǮùѵһνȥ
´żţû˸ղŵĲͷЦ˵Ҫʶˡ
ҲΪŮǿ˲ǳɹŮˣҲΪ磬ŮˡŮ˵ĳɾͲҵжǿ󡣡ż˵ۺͼֵۡ
ҸоĹ̫ƫִˡҡҡͷͻȻЦһһתΪһˣȴʮϲ۵
̸һʱǵĲѾˣķѾʼ϶˲ˣǾһ߳ԣһ
ȻĿȷղΪλ⣿ҿɲʲôЩʵ
Ǳҵ̶̼µʱܹ׬ȡⲻһܹ쵽ġʮֿ϶˵
Ŷ𣿿ҵĵѾͣҵˡЦЦʵ
ĵûͣҵĻҹҲûлӽ㣬˵Ϊˣ˵𣿡ŵĻش
ЦЦû˵ͷĳŷڼŵȻʮͣǺϵͷȴӵˡ
ŮҪǷڹŴһʽǲ
ְ֮ѷй׼ˡ
ݸź꿨ź۾һſȻжңȴĿӵй
µʱ䣬ͿԴһеһ֧ʹɡ
ڼźҪ£ǽ˵绰롣û취ƯĴŮĪĺøС
ǵļ죬ʶ˰ݽŮʣӰûֻҪȡ֮еͿԣټżźЦ˵
תҪ뿪ʱҺһˣԸĻԹһġ
ĽŲһģͷҲûأֱ뿪˲ͬʱﰵݽŮҲ̫ˣͲ±𣿡


113 
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裬˵ҽȥ߸ΪܸϱһԵɳ£ЩЦõ˵
˵߸ҪһҲ԰ĸԱ£һʮͨģ
ҵﶼû˵ʵǸŮ۾ݽŮҰر֣˵һĴҸؼҪ˵ʵܸϱһµ˵
ϱðöӡĸֱӰǰĻˣ漸仰ˡ
ʱˣԼ軹濴ÿǲŮ
˽֮ûˣ14500㾭ûã׼Щõ
ҲûãԼʵġ
ѡһ15һǽȼĻԣµսܡ
ҩûпʼۣҲ֪ʱΣʱȲĵȼսɣ
ѡ壬6000㾭飬15ָ650㣬ָҲ310㡣
15ֽ֮սܣͬʱҲˣȻҪľ顣
һ½սҪ10W㾭10ӣ˵֡
һһٱϵͳǺݰ
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磺ھָܵȼ׵İ뾶Χڣܹ磬ɼܵȼʱΪָ/10ӣÿľָ/2Ԫ
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籩꣺ͻһ̶֮󣬲ſѧϰĺϳɼΪƣΪ꣬ٿƥʱΪָ10ӣÿľָ/20Ԫ
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˿ʣµ6500㾭飬΢΢Цθ֮ջ٣ڲŷ֣Ͳð
µʱ򣬶ֻˣһǶٻٻġ
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ڶϣ˸׵أųȥٻٻҽ
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ڿٻٻӵʱ˲ٵĿ⡣
˭ĳû˵Ǵ˿ôõĳ
ӦòǴĳ˵˭Ů񣬹ŵأ
ȱ۰ɣʮ廹һأ˭ʱ񰡣
ⲻ²쿴쿴ͣˡ
ǲٻٻСѾͷôԭģ㿴˼ҵ
մӳͿվſڵĶٻٻʱ΢΢Ŀ
壬ôʱⶼʮˣǿߣҪȻˣٻٻһ߸ɫһ׼ȥ򿪳š
廹û׹ʲô£ͼһ򸾴˳´弸֮ĵ˵ͷ
ɣǼٻٻʱи鷳ˡǸ긾ŮЦ˵
ŶĸǺã֪ǶٻٻĸĸæʺáͬʱҲʣǳһ
ٻٻĸҪ˵ȴٻٻˣˣ裬ǻʱأ˵ˣ壬ߣ
ĸټ
ڿȥҵ·ϣٻٻ˵壬˼Ұ㵱ˡ
û¡ʵһֱףҺдŮǱ˵
ҪٻٻЦһ˵
Сʱ֮Ѿļ


114 ͵
ʱſкͣӳͶٻٻæ˹
ٻٻѰɣãǶٻٻͬѧǺøǰİ໨ժˡ
Ͷٻٻ˸кͺִк
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ҿϳˣҪȻתߡ忪Ц˵
ҵĴҵĴ仯Ҳ̫ˣȫһһŪô˧ǹҷͷǰɣץĸ첲Ц˵
һ£Ц˵ڻÿ԰ӵˣźó
˰ɣⶼ޳ˣ˵һˣĵİ
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ӣŶ೤ʱûǱ˧˲١һԲ߹ЦŶ˵
жҵˣҵĻɶʱ޳һЦţһ˹ȥ
кеļ֮һ
ɣǱ꣬ܽ飬ѾˡЦ˵
ǰɣ㶨ôû˵һҲȥһ񰡣ЩĿ
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˰֮˺Эʵ̫󣬾Ȼñ˰ѷֲԼȥˡ
ˣʵûԸⱻֲפǼʵʵ̫ǿˣֻҪ֣ܹɨЩȫûеֿĿܡЩɬ˵
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˵ֲפµʱŻֿɬ
ڿƼôΪʲôʹôԭʼķʽȡҪǽһվĻҪĶɣЩʵ
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վſڵǼͿɵˣĸҪȻ⼸վſڵš
磬ˡĳ֮ԬæӭȥҲæں档
ȥɣ忴һۣԬ˵
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121 þò
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ǵ˽⣬Բô˵ˡ
ȻûԹϵЦȫһ仰ǵϵЦݽסˡ
ȻҲᱨǣǰѷ׭˭ҲҵɣܲɵǣҲѷ׭ǡ
ϵЦݣҧݣյļŭ֪ղ˵ǷϷˣǡ
ˤȥΪ˼棬ô
壬ǲطǴﹺ׭ֻҪǿڣкܶԸķ׭ǣ㲻ۣҪȻǾа취õ׭ղ侲ǵһ
һɳϣɫƽûϵҪ˰ѷ׭ǣͰͺˣһǲðˡЩС壬ұ֤ǰǷ׭ҺžͰˡ
壬㲢ޣֺαô壬˵
þҿǵĳ⡣ǸûУ뵱ʲô¶ûзһȥδЩ쿪ˡ
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122 ŭ
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123 ʡ
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˽£ͺ񿴵֮ǰԼŻ˵Լ
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֮ǰ˸ңһֵҩܹΰٲһţٸңֵҩǷǬģһš
ǬҲӦøɵǬΪţĵҩһܹΪǴһµء
ýȫһ¿޷Ǭĵҩۼֵҩһ
ЩýķӦ岻мһЦ֪ƨˣһǰǴˡ
ýһƬУвҽȴð˳֮ǰڷ׭ֻ˳һڣʱҩҽĶ׷˳
ǵҽҽѧΨһҽֻƭ˵ĶӦñ״򵹵ġ
߾ſѧĴ죬ǿȱ˽ǵ˼룬ܵĻ˵֪һȺԴĿѧͽ
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ƶģǱصĹ


124 ǬĹ
ʱ䣬Ǭ鵤Ҫۣʱ򣬷Ǭվϵκη紵ݶע⡣
¼¼ǬվϳһµĹ棬ʮ־ҽս˰ʵ̫ſˣϲ
һ̳ϣ̾ڶڵȤܿͱȥ˿֮ĺȥ˷ǬվҪµĹʲôݡ
֣֪ͨеҽڣʮڲϷǸĻ꽫ܾǳ۵ҩұ꽫ʵƶȣʱṫҽҽڹ˾ְԱʮδϾϵŲӴ
˼ԣҪҽڹʧȥʧȥ˺ѡ
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ߣ̫ͣȻͨССĵҩᣬҲܲ˵ʵ̫ˡ˵ᶼңҾԲġ
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˵ʱûʲôôȥĸҲӷһЩ
鵤ڵĽӽϹڷǬҲԽԽ࣬һЩԽԽģҪǸʮ־ᡣ
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һ̰˺ܴһ˵ģҲ˵ĺеֻ֮ǰסˣ顣
ҲӣЦһûκοִô𣬽񽻸ˣϣɸѡ𣬲ҽеͷӹܹ¼һϢҵҪжܹļأ
ǣˣӦһʹӵĻʧˣȻϣʼпֲϵˢš
ᣬֻҪĵطûκζܹϧǣΪϵͳƣܹ۸пݣҪȻﻹҪ׬Ǯ


125 
磬ڶ¥ҩʱ򣬷ű졣
һͿٻٻվ⣬ϴЩɫһ䣬ӦֱӴӳվġ
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ͷİɣտʼܻһЩӰ죬ǺܿûˡϾֻҪЩҽڷһƪǸܽҪţԹ˭
˵ĺЩٻٻƶǶĵ˵ͷ
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ӣһȻҪأֻ½ƾڵЩ黹ǸЩɵ˵
κ鶼Ҫһγɹǹѩһ㣬ֻҪʵʱһѣͲǹˣȥɣǸϸ̶һյĿ
ǣү
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ʱɫ԰ף͸һɲĺΣЩݣһĴ£һ˲˹ӡ
壬ҺǾԲŹġҧгݵ˵
Լ쳣֮̾ͿʼѰİ취ǾֶγԣȴҲûκθơ
УȴõһϢ֮ǰԼ֢ͬļȥһ˷Ǭ֮ĲͺˣԼҲ֮쳣
Ҫ˵ɺϵĻҲţһĹ


126 ҩ
ϣ컹ûĻϾѾ˳Ķ飬ʼĵطǽֵмķǬ
ǷǬʼ۵ҩӣЩ˶һЩ˵ļǰŶӣҪ칺򵽵ҩȥ˵Ĳ
ȻЩ棬ҲһЩҪͶѵĶӣҪô˻ᣬ׬һѡ
ڿ쵽ŵʱ򣬶ٻٻ⳵˷ǬſôĶ飬Ҳһ
ٻٻæ绰壬š
ˣˡǬĴŴ򿪣Ķ鿪ʼƶ
ڶǰˣһͼæŹ̨ܹȥ˷ܵغһǧ鵤㣬㡣
𣿡ٻٻûмŸõҩʾ
ʮݾ֢˵ϣҩġǸóһϣݸٻٻ˵
鵤ļ۸񣬷÷й鵤ҪĶѾڷǬվϹˣҲ׼˲
ٻٻӹ֮ҲûпֱӷԱһɨǵĽ鲡α
廨ʮӣӸϵͳ湺δɨǣΪ豸ԲҪȨޡ
Ͽɨǣһ֮ڣжһǧݲαʮݲշŽȥͳˡ
ʮݲȫģټϺҽûйϵٻٻˢ˿֮󣬾ʮƿ鵤ÿһƿװһٿ鵤
ǲǻţȴùܣ֮ǰ׭ʱôλţҲûЩ˸мʱ򣬿һ㶼
ںļҲಡرǵˣĲȵһ˻࣬ȡмòߡ
ٻٻһɵĹţ鲡Ǯҩڵʮ˵ʱ򣬳ˡ
˼ĶʮݲЧģʮȫѾȥˣݵ̵Ĺ涨Ҳܳ۵ҩ㡣ٻٻǰӣ۾һĨ
Ȼںţȴ뱣֤ĵҩʹãֻܹõ飬ҲҪʾԭΪÿһݲһˡ
ʲôⲡУǷǬ֮ǰû˵ʲôָЩЩȥ˵ĲУˣ𣿡ǸӳŶٻٻ
ҹ㵱˭ɵأ˶ˣҩ˭ԣѵո𣿡һԵȻվǸȵ
ҴŶӣôʱĶӾͰˣǱ⳥ңǸԾĲġ
⳥ƨǰӵ·Сһ˳ȥȻֱ˴ϡ
ڻȥ̨ʱţԺҼˣӸ˶ҪԼӣʵ̫ˡ
˭ĲҲܣֻҪܹ֤ʵԣָҽûϵͿԴﹺҩڼٲҽڣԼ뿪ҪȻһǷɳȥߵ̨忴ǳĶ飬˵
ĻǳĶ棬е¶ϲɫЩţŶҩһЩ˱ǱѿӦþ˵ˡ
ļʮˣûٳ⣬мٲҲǲʮݲУû̫Ӱ졣
ϾЩǰܳʱŶӣٻŪ٣ϾҪǱˣôʱĶӾǰˡ
ֵʮ˵ʱڳһҽйصˣһӣ΢΢ЩڵĹһֺĸо
Բǵ̵ĳֱ׼ǲܰѵҩ㡣ٻٻ΢Ǹ˵
СΪʲôңⲡģĸԲڴҪǲŵĻԸȥһǸһӼˡ
ⲻǲԭҲ㣬Ҫӵ⡣ٻٻЩͬĿˡ
ҶӣҩʲôϵЩɻ󲻽ʵ
֮ǰĹ㿴˰ɣҽڵѣŲӴˣٻٻֱ˵һ˵
⣬СӣھͻȥǸҪȻҾͺϾӹϵӵһ£ŭ뿪ˡ
֮ǰ鲡Щ˻ĴңΪЩҽԺϵܹȷ٣ȴΪܹ֪˭ҽڡ
ǣۿһĻ֮Ǿû뷨ԭа취֪˭ҽڡ
Щڶеҽɫһ䣬׷׵ͷ߳飬תȥ
Ѿȥ֮̾ȥһݵǸԼȻҪ˵Ҫ


127 ļ
οǬĵҩȷЧҲȷǴˣǷһǸҲӦõġ
ڵҩ۵ͬʱǬվϹҽڵЩϵˣǬҩǡ
е̫࣬廹ϸĵظװܣκ˶ͨ鿴ԼڲС
Щҽ֮󣬷ԼǷϣסһңŵ£ı֪ʵеݣǸоǱǹһ㣬ûһ㰲ȫС
ѾȨбͿ޷죿Ǭϰ֪ϵϢǺڿֶλͨйزŵļأ
ûκԭ;ܾǳ۵ҩǬѾˡ¢ϷӦܵͷ
巢棬õҩвһЩ˶ϾĸѹϵҽһƬ𣿡
ڶҽЩ̻̲ʱЩ۵ĳ֣һǿ룬Щҽڶ
ǿʼķַۣһЩȥĹϷʣ˭вȫ
Щӣ󷢳һЦЩҽڵۣˮɢġ
壬ҵҪôӵӰ죬мΪ˵ֻһʼһһƵҵĶ棬ʱڡ
ž嶨µʮ֮ԽԽЩҽڵĶҲԽԽǾ˾еĳλ
λ֪رжԱ֮󣬾˸һ仰һİгΪ
õָʾ裬͵ߣǰ˼Уһλˣ嵽Ҫֵʲô̶ȣ
ûκԥͲ͸˹ȥ
ʱڶ¥ҩһ¥жٻٻ￴ţеС۹еıڴѲӡ
ֻ죬ùһĻͨ
ι鳤ôпմ绰ң֪δ绰Ϊʲôһ߽绰һߵԱߵɳ
壬㵽Ҫʲô֪֪ΪѾᶯرжĹأʱץˣ̲סеŭ𣬺˵
ðץҰɣҲڹڴˣȥĵط档˵
㡭һû
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ҵرж൱ڱһͷԽԽݴȨʱҲᱻ׵ԽԽΣֱȨ֮СֱǰҲѡԼ·ҪƶԼĹһξ߳ĵһΣǵķӦΣһȥ
ߣλȴ˼ᶨζ
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ߴߴߴߴ
ȸŶ̶̵Сӣֽ˼Ŀ佱ʮá
ʱĵ绰ٴ𣬿ʾ壬ɫҲǽס΢䣬ĵ绰
ҪЭҲرж֣ܲܵǸ⡣


128 Э̬
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ˣ棬ˬءΪʲôҪ㳷棿һ£ЩЦõ˵
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ǵҵЭʱô˵ôǳرж͹˶ס鷳Ц˵
Ҫʲôʵ
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ֻܸ㣬֮ͨ󣬻мĺôЭʮ֣ʽĿ顣˵һӹȤ
ʱĻȥܲһ˵ġһ˵
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129 а
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ǣûȼϢ߼үӣ͸оԼԴһ䣬žʶԣʲôҲ֪ˡ
ļʱһֱڻ״̬УƾүұҽҲû취üӻ
ֻǻԣүҲżڻԵͬʱҲۿɼٶȥжгһ㡣
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ͬʱһСùݵķУһƾɵ۵ϵʿһѪ˳ɫҲǱò԰


130 ũ
źʧ֮󣬼ϵĽҲǽˣصͷűа֮С
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۾żү˵ͷүүѾûˡ
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үүһ˭ںҡջĿļ񣬶ǰļү˵
֮ǰүӸΪļ̳ˣû೤ʱˣ˶ܿˣһǼڲԼˡ
Ƭ̣үӳε㸺飬ֻҪ֤ȷ䣬˭㴦ã
үӵĻΧּУм˵΢ɲĲһ¡
ллүү˵֮˹ȥ
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Ҿ͵Ϣˡ΢΢˵ͷ
󣬼ͺͼּҵһһ뿪ĵ̡
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ͦģҲûҲ֪⴫Ǽ١
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Ͷٻٻע£ֻϻ͵𣬽һֻ¹˵ڵأȻѸҪĲӡ
һĻ̲סһ
ʳĻϻתͷ̵ӶϵͶٻٻ
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һ׳֦ӭٻٻ̲ס۾
ԶԶĴȥɭһЩũҰ˵Ĵ˵ֶ˼֤ߡ
ɭһĵطͱŶٻٻȻüٶȴ
ˣٻٻѾˣǸϢˡȻҪǺ£˯һҲԡЦ˵
ʲôúµģ˯ˡٻٻȻЩ£ȴԾǿ˵
ٻٻҡͷЦЦҲԼó˯ʼ˯
ڶٻٻû˯ţҲ뿪ȵ˰ҹȥ̽һ¸


131 Ұ
ȵ˰ҹʱ׼ȥ鿴һ£ΪĶٻٻİȫͰȸ
ԪŸڵķȥ
͸Ҷļ϶ԿڵصĿռԾ΢΢Ťš
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Ϊ˷ɼһЩʯֻ1000㾭ѧϰһΪʦ
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15Ҳ˵Ҫ죬ʵҲҪڵһ򱶲С
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ҵˣüͷ΢壬Щ
ιιιֲǼ˼Ҹ㣬ҿЭõ˾ޣʲô˾ҿЭǿļʻʦ
˵󣬰ͷЩ˵
ţͶٻٻһ˽ȥȻǸ˵֪ˡ˵ˣǾͿɣ˾
Ҹ㣬Ҳ˾ǼʻʦԼʻκζļʻʦǸܻ˵
ûʲôġ˵
ȻСңҪʶһ¼ʻʦˡ
˵֮Ҳ͵٣ǰ壬Ȼһת䣬ұߵĳ


132 
ߵתţԭתһȦ֮󣬾Ź·̩ɽķȥ
·ϵڶ˿һĻȫǷ̾ﴵ˼Ŀڡ
⳵˭ģʵ̫˧ˣ
ǵӰ棬ⶼʮ־ʵĳˣû뵽ʵоȻܿ˸߳ļʻ
ʦͣͣʧɢͽҿɣ
ڳڳ㣬ұߵĶٻٻˤĻŻ壬Ҳоһˬ
ڳ£ѹڳϣЩġ
ôЩ˵ľ̾ô֪жôô
ڼʻ꣬ԾɱźͳֱȫܵӰ죬תͷض˵
ٲָʻҾһޱ飬˵
˲𰡣һսܰ׹һվնӸˣ˵ˡ
ǸﲻĹţʵʵذұߵĳ
˵ǼʻһսŰ壬ڱϾûսҲֻʵ
ȻûżǸ꿪ٶҲǷ۵糸һ·Ϸ񳬳ûл೤ʱ䣬ʻ̩ɽµһׯ԰
ԭںһﾯʻ⴦ׯ԰ֻͣƬ̣׷׵ͷ뿪
ȵ֮ͣͶٻٻӳ嵹ûʲôӰ죬ٻٻȴѾɫ԰ףһţͷųһŻ
һλ˰ɣҽڽ֣Ƿǰס޵ġ
Ĵʱһ˲һֱƮ
һĻŻµĶٻٻһӴסˣЩ㶵ذĿͶ壬ѯʵζ
ˣ߰ɣҵȻٸ͡ٻٻ˵һ䣬Ȼֱӿǿ̡
Ǿ鷳ˡڽֵ˵ͷ
ˡڽЦ˵һ䣬̾Ϳٵׯ԰ĺȥ
ιסҵ֣ҽвܺǸԶȥ󺰵
Ȼ֣Ҳ湻ġ֣̲ܺס¶˼˿Ц⡣
Ͷٻٻٴţܿһ羰СԺ
ʱסæųﱸʽֻҪٵȼʱ䣬ͿԽпˡ
˵ǸʽĿʱڽֿĿгĽ
õģ鷳ˡ
ڽ뿪Ͷٻٻ߽棬ʰһ˾ڿš
壬ﵽʲôطΪʲôǸܷɣһ֮󣬶ٻٻ̲סʵ
Эᣬⲻٸ˰ɣ
屾ҲûٻٻҪͶٻٻĻЩᱻٻٻġ
ԭܣǸղǸ˵ǲǺһܹٿκθƷٻٻһ㶣Щ˷ܵʵ
ٻٻķӦЦһѾͷûûΰ
һܹٿǸ̵ܺܶࡣԪزٿءܲٿءٿءٿء⼸ܶܲٿṆ̀Ȼʹ̣ǺܴܾԪزٿػߴܲٿءٻٻ
ۣȻôܹﵽͬЧǺĽҪҲܾͺˡˣ壬ʲôܣٻٻһĿ塣
ҵܰܰɣ̾˿˵
ʵ岢ûκܣΪӵеЩܣЩӵеЧܡ
ռʵǶʵǾ죬ٻϵʵΪӵг
ʲôǰǸǸܣûпԣô㻹˵ôǿأٻٻЩ˵
ٻٻĻһҡͷЦˣҵܾ
ԪܣԪһʵģҲһ־졣
ЭܲסµʱҲվıſڣȴĳ˵ĵ
վſص߶ԵЩ꣬ʱʱ·ľͷһһ˹˹ʱ¶ϲ֮ɫæӭȥ
˹˹ſͣ£Ȼӳһ׵׳ŭĿ룬߸߹𣬽ϵ·ŵýġ
һ͸һʵ꣬ӳϴźЦݡ
ܹݹ٣ط԰󷢳һ̶Цӭȥ
ģһ񣬵ȴԾɱЦݣûз˿仯


133 ͻ
ɫ̫ãû°ɣɫ԰ףȦڵĵʵ
ٶˣҲ϶˼Ůһʱûע⣬ˣûʲô⡣٣ɣ
ЦŽ͵Ȼһ֣ý˱֮С
˱֮ɳ£һЦڶ󣺡ҵȪǣӦʲôҪҰæɣ
ٹȻ񣬲ӼҵδִˡЦ˵ССһƨ
˵Ҫ鷳ŪҶЩҼˡˣʲôֱ˵ɣЦ˵
ǹھӵ顣һ˵ţһ߹۲ɫ
ӵ飿üͷӵ˽ԵΪɻ䣬ֻæǰﲻˡ
٣ˡֻæʱΪ½׼κͿˡĻӦòǺΪѰɣæ˵
ǹ֮׶á˵ɫŻƽ˵
˵֪Ѿˣʣµľ̸ˡ׼󣬴һԹܼҵнӹһļݵǰϡ
٣һжĹɷתЭ飬͹ϵѾãֻҪǩ֣ܹ̾Ч
ҲЩȣ̧ͷһۣЦ˵ͻȻ֪㵽Ҫʲô飬ȻôıǮ
һˣҺ֮ǵˡͼϸټ˺񱻺紵һ㡣
Ҿףɹˡںͬǩ֣Ȼ󽻸Ĵ󺺣תҪȥ
٣ϣʱҪ뿪ȪǣбҪĻҪȥѡߵſڵʱͻȻ˵
̸Ļʱӭ㡣Ц˵һ䣬뿪ı
̰ļһıӰݺݵһڣЦ㻹ҪΪǹҶԸ塣
ץ𣿡Ǹʵ
үֻץסǸйСӣǸŮ˸һˡǸ߹˵
ĸԣֻһ꣬ҲᵽġЦ˵
ںϵʮܵѩǵȻҲ֪ȴԶ˹ȥΪվѩΣǸǲĴڡ
Эܲĵڶ죬׾һǰݷʮеˣȴûһ
һΪܹ˴أû뵽˵ʱﱧԹ˵
ιСӱ֪ôвҺϾ֮ǰĽ飬㣬㻹ﱧԹһͨ׾Щ˵
æŲʽûʱ㣬ҲҪ⡣Цһº͵˵
ȻᣬϾǲʽҲΪҡЦ˵
˺һ֮󣬾뿪ˣϾҲҪȥæʽ
ȴһ߷Ͷٻٻׯ԰йΪٻٻЭˣҲûȥɽеĻء
ϣȥԷʱֻͻȻʾһİĺ롣
ι˭
壬ǵڵɶǰͰϸ̶ӻͲ洫
𣿲˵ĸоô󹫹Цŷ̵
壬Ȼ㡣Ҹ㣬һĺܲңĺܲңڵ绰棬󺰵
ģҾԻ֮ǰŪ㣡Թ޵Ѿˣ˺Լߵˡ
ļ壬Ѿٹ˼ˣΪһȨϷ֣ҪʤЩ̾ļ壬ֻһ취ǾƶϷ
ԶɿϴΣֻǶеһ仰Ѿرж͹˵˱仯ЭͽѾսˡ
壬˵ȥΣȻֵܰ㿴ֵ֪꣬ôأЦ˵
ʲô˼ɫѾһֲõԤС
ֵܵĲҽаɣ
䣬ӻͲʹһĲҽյģбɱӣɱң
ɫͻ䣬ŻͲ
壬ȪǽˮÿŶҿɲֵ֤ܹ֧ŵ


134 Ҫ㲻ú
ڿЦУҶ˵绰
˵绰֮ϵı÷ŭһԵüͷʵ壬ǲǳʲôˣ
裬չһ¶ٻٻҪ££Ҫ뿪
˵֮ҲӦԪųֱӷ
򿪵ͼϵͳһˮλãȻԼλӦһֱ߳
ˣ
䣡
ٶȲߣܿͻ٣ֱ¶ȴﵽޣֹͣ˼١
оȪǲԶֱ߾ĻҲһٹңƾڵٶȣֻҪӵʱͿԷɹȥ
ߵٶȣҲζŴԪģڵ˵һжҪˣҪǣҪϹȥ
Ȫǽ⿿ʱҲһα״⵽һξķӦܿ죬´һʹõء
ǴֱȪǶȥ·ߺܺü⣬ĵ֮·ǰн
ö岢ûӲסԪ黯ֱӽԼԪ̽˵ˣΪ֪ĸǵƵϵͳĵ豸ȫƻˡ
ƻЩ豸һ˲䣬Ҳˡ޴ıըɢ뵼ңԶ壬Ҳ˴Ԫſסը
˵ըĳɫҲһ󷢰ףæóԪԼȥ
ֻٶŻ񵤣Ҳ˵ĵҲֵܵΣҪٶˡûԪӦˡ
ʱѾˮѾٷ䵼д
彫ԪųʼڱɨѰټ
һűûУűҲûУű
ڿУһһĲ鿴ʱڱΧľӡҲ˿е塣
ȪǾ½ǰĲ̽䣬Ҿ顣򽫻Ϊƣ
λֱ顣ܹûзӦ֧֮ӵָӹ´˻
顱顱顱
ˮ̹ˡȫˣһööڵȥ
ЩڵûеƵϵͳȻӲֻԪڵһƶЩڵƫ˹
Һˮǽڽ⣬Щڵ岦֮ȫڸĿյϱըûͨ˵
ʱԪѾҵڵıûЩӣ˲ʧԭأ˹Աߡ
ʱڵϣֳ֫Ťڵϣؿڰݣֻ΢΢š
ģɱңɱҡ
Ϊʹ˻ѾɳƣĥĿҪû˵ͻȻֵ壬̰ٳʹˡ
ҵģ˫̾ͺˣﱻں޵Χ
塭
ʱ򣬹Բ輸ϵֻˡ
͵תͷ˫Ŀеɱ⼸ҪĶǸֻҿ϶绰һġ
壬ôֵҵģǲʮֵڵ³ȫΪŶֻﴫ
Ҫ㲻úͬӾĴĺ硣
㻹ҲúȿԼĴɣҿ˵ղų½;ӷ˳ͻǺ͹ΪУˡŶˣһϢΪǸֵܺúܣҸһֱѵҩԣʹŶ
ڵЦУҶ˵绰
ꡱֱӰĵ绰˷顣
ɫİԼֻóֱӴ裺һСʱ֮ڣҪ֪ڵλá
ҪɱڵĻҡüͷ΢΢
ҵļ̳ˣҪǱɱˣҲСĶ
ҲĻҾֱӰƽ˵֮˵绰
תͷڵϵе֮ɫ
һ̣ھͰκá
ڵƣֻлشܹƣʹûشĻƾͻϣ֫ҲᱣŤģ
Ȱѹڵйͷָԭ״ٸʹûش
Ԫų̽˹ڣʼƣԽǼ飬ɫԽѿ


135 
ڴʱѾûһõĹͷеĹͷѾ飬ЩѵĹͷϸʹࡣ
ҪţھΪˡ˵仰ʱ΢΢Щ
ԪʼΪʵסһƬƬѵĹͷγȻնѵĲڣһ
ģҪˣɱҰɣɳƵɤһʹ˻
Ҫܼ򵥣ĸĸأ½أô죿ȥԴȥ𡣡һᣬһߺ˵
ɣᵽĸᵽ½磬걻ʹŤϣʼּᶨɫ
Ϊҩ겻ܹѵ״̬£ÿƶһƬƬͻᷢһҽС
ŹʹĲҽУҲԽԽ䣬ɱҲԽԽء
ھˮԶĺɽһΧڶıڡЩȫɫװŶĹĵģ߼ʱʱ档
ⶰһ¥ʱһеȲ裬һԵһ֮ɫ
尡壬ˡȻѾҵı˵Ѿ;ӷͻˡҿ˭ܱס㣿
²豭һۣؿǰҸǹʹ˰˵һߣҪǳ嵽˵ҲҪΣա
˵ЦˣǸߣԵɳȣֻҲǲһģһųרŸ
һ˵ţһЩĽĿԱǸ׳һۡ
Ϊɳ׳һʵǿĹߣһֽʮƸٱرжҲ˵ʤ
ᱻãϣʱĳⲻҪʧЦ˵һ䣬豭ͷȲ衣
˼ӵʱ䣬彫ȹƬȫӺãȻСԪٴ
ڻûشʱҪȵеĹͷȫӺ֮󣬲ܹʹûشһٽκá
ƵĽСƴӹͷƬٶҲ𽥼ӿ죬ʱ򣬱洫һĽŲ
顱Ĵ͵ر߿ȻһȺȫװʿ˽ڶǹڡָſе塣
ѾΧˣûκܵĿܡͶɣһٴӱ߽˵
ûǣȫҹȥͷҲûأͳ˵
ĻǸٵüͷ壬Եʿ˵ȥƷý䱸з̻У
ʿ˵ͷеԶǹóǹСĿ
ʿ岢ûᣬҪľǽĹͷƴ
ʿܿߵԱߣǹĺϣҪȥ˫ۡ

ֳһԪһʿؿڣֱҷɡ
ա
ʿɶֱӴ̼Щʿ񾭣̿۶˰ӵȥ
ЩʿֻǽϷ׷״ۡǿе壬ȴ·ûơ
⡭
һĻǸٵɫ䣬ֱ߸֪
ǲĻ͸ҹȥ
ɱĻ纮̹ǵ磬Щͻƽʿȫеһ⣬̲סһ
ˣǸٻ˻֣´˳˵
Щ˵ʿ岢ûᣬ֫ĹѾȫƴˣʱֻʣڵЩ
ԭʱһĺХ
ã
ɫһ䣬ղʱ̹˷ڵ
һԪάֹĹʣµԪȫӿЩڵԱ߲ȥ
䡱䡱䡱
ڵڵϱը˵һ𶯡
̲סһҽС
ڵĹȫѣƬ׷ƶΪֻҪһһʹ
Ǵʱⷬ𶯣ùڵЩƬø
óһѻ񵤣ĵԪѸٻָдʱŭԪһֻ֣Щ̹˵ڹץȥ
ץסЩڹ֮ŭһЩڹܾȫUΣҲһڵ
Щʿеǹ֧ҲԪŤ黨
ҹҪȻǾȫŭʿĶ߻صͬʱ֧оٵͷ­ȫѪӿ


136 ڵ
еľȫ֮һ±ˣЩʿӰٶȵĶ£ͷȥҪԶԶⶰħǱһı
ûЩʿȫעƴŹЩ
ȵһƬҲƴ֮ɫԷɣóһŻش˹С
ڻش£ϵڿٻָţÿһѷ춼ʧù⻬ӲЩ˺ѵ˿ںѪܣҲǷ׷ϡ
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ҸоѾûˡ
忴һֱϵʱ䣬ղŴ绰ֻʮӡ
Ϣһ£һԴȥ󱨳𡣡
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һľɽ֮УһڱԺһŵһֻСèϼ¡
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ҵıΣСèʵ
ǽʮǿʢһ壬ԹҵĹײࡣȴ٣μҲûʲô̫̳˸̰޶ȣЩС蹧˵
ǾͲùˣɵǸСһȥְɣļһ࣬һ١赭д˵
᳤һ⽮Ҫǳ飬Ǿٹ𶯰ıЩȡ
ڹ档ãһ˵
˵˼֮뿪Эڲ鱨ԱܿͲڵĵط
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󡣳һʱ䣬ЦɣǺܿͻ棬ʱֻЦˡ͸ɱ
ҪɱҰҺú°ô죬ô죬ûҰˣ㲻֪԰ɣƵҵңرжѾץˣĻӦǰȫİɣ
Ŷ񣬴ЦŶ˵
˭㶼ɣ˵仰֮󣬾͹˵绰
ģҪȻ꿴壬Щɵ˵
ղڵ绰˵ĻҲˣȻʮҪ𣬵ȴҲϣԼֵðա
˵ˣɣҲ֪Ժ󻹻ᷢʲô顣תͷŹ꣬Ǽᶨ
ֻٴǱߴϢˡ
壬ںɽ13ţעֵ̫𡭡
лˣ˵ŻֱӴϣȻѵ绰ˡ
ģߣԪӿڿն
ղƹֶѾùףԼֵܲͨˣǴʱŷϻ̲ס¶˾֮ɫ
ûȹ룬Ѿһ֮ǰ
ΧЩڿ͹꣬ȻǾԾûԼΣγ΢壬˿ʼ
һĻЩڳɥʧ˺Կ
ֻ̧ЩǵӵٶԽԽֱͣǰĿУһεıݡ
һӣЩӵ׷˻ȥЩڵĸ첲ߴȶ
ǽȥɣ
˵֮󣬵űȥ
ûммһԵĹ귢
ЩߣûпĽŲͣԪ黯ǵԺȻʵʻ
⼸ߵ۾͵
ʱϣʼһɱƣͬǳɪ磬ֱӴ˵
һһ߽壬͵վ̲ס¶ɫôҵģ
ڵˣ忴һһٵ˵


137 
ҹȥҲҴġ
ԱǸΪɳ׳ŭһһģڵӿữΪΣ֮˹ȥ
ĵһܹŵĹߣæԪֱӽɵɢ
һ֮ǧҲиֵġ忴ɳһۣ˵
ܹҵɢʵҲҪ㻹񡣡
ɳȻ˵ţ˫ĿԾǽ壬עÿ
忴ɳһۣЦһԪ黯ɳԺʵʻ
ƽʱ廹ܺɳдһڣȴûʱ
ɳֻ֣ǳһУ£Ҳû˳еĻᡣ
ǹܵĲ࣬Щߵս߲ҪȹĹ죬ܸʤһ
Լĸ˼򵥾ͱɱһֱһԵʱɫҲˡ
һ֮վ˵˴һߡ˫ֵ֮飬Ҳ͡
ĻҲûֱȥ
١٣㲻ܲҰһŵеǿޱָ֪ˣֻعͷ忪ʼ󣺡壬ҴˣҴˣңҡ
㣿ĥֵܵʱûȻ˵㣬Σ
Ԫһֻ֣Ĳӽ
壬Źңɫǵͨ죬ӱüԾɴɤ˼
ǵ֮ǰô˵ôҪ㲻ú
˵ŻֳһԪԪѹļϸȻԪʵʻ
ʵʻ֮ԪΪʮϸͬʱʮֵļͣʮַ
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һԵҲĵ׷ֻǴɨȻϾ͵һ⡣
壬Ҫʲôǰ壬ǾţʱֲĶħ
㽫ȫĹͷȫϣֻһһ㽫ȫⶼ˵ŻٿԪٴδϻϾһƬ⻺䡣
壬ֱɱҡʱҿôҵı㲻𣿡ʱѾףǾԲܷŹ䵽ĥھͱֱɱ
ǸѰٻģ㻹Ŀôôɣһû湻أڿг𱨳ԩԩˡ
ĻֱӴԱߵץˮţһһ˿ڡ
壬һСˣһȫͷķȻܰȹӵ͸ֱɱ
Ļеķߺ֮ɫϵĶΪͱˮһѪ
壬ҽˣҪĥңΡﲻϵѪȴ¶˵Цݡ
Ϊô˵һû湻أԪ죬ȻֱӰһŻشӽ
ӵĵҩĵһӦ³ǵҩڼγһȫ
ЩֵĿУϵЩ˿ڲϻָϣϻѪͺûܹһ
ڣֻǸոտʼ
ЦһֳʮԪɵʵʻϸߣϲϻиţЩϸ߾ͺĵУϸһһѪ⡣
壬ҲŹģĵļҲݲ㣬㣬㲻ú㽫³Ҫһٱһ򱶣
á䣬ᣬ˭ҪԸҪó񷴻׼
岻ĥʱ򣬴ӱܽһӣòϡЩơ
ƯţϲƬƬѪɳһĻǸĿѣ̾Ҫȥ
תͷǸӣһԪֱֳӽס
ߣӵһָƽ˵ߣҲܹ׵ĵطɱңҸұ֤ӵĺǣҲעһ


138 ң
ܵĺǶһЦһвô
ⲻвѣҶӣ㱣֤ҾΪСĸɫ֣ص˵
Ϊһûнɱ˻ȥĥѾΪ˺ڲˣΪһ᷸ͬĴ𣿡
ЦһʮԪ˿趯ٴδϸ˼ʮƬѪ⡣
ԼӵĲ״޶ãض壬ѵһصضûºҿԸһ
ǶõĽʮԪ˿ϣ͵سľݣݺݵشϻ
֣ң󷢳ʹذԱߵȡ
ȣûκλӦȻⲻ϶ȴһԲؿԪиѪɡ
ҪһĻӡԺҪԶǵԼĶαɱģ¾ԲҪ
󣬼ס±ˣʮԪ͵زУϳ˼ʮѪѪӿ
Ҫ˵ЩʲôѪѾӺӿһֶ˵
תͷԼĸסԻ󣬾ͺ󡣰֣ΪʲôңΪʲôһ仰˵
彫ԪջأʬһˤڵϣѪŵΧʡ
ԼĶӱɱҲ΢΢ʹذ
ְûãھȲ㡣ģҾԻΪ㱨ġҲߵÿ˶ôһȥ㣬Ҫʧȥ׵ζ
תͷһ¶һЦʮɵ˵ˣֵˡ
ʲôڱеһ㶣һ𾪵̧ͷ塣Ҫɱң
ڴһʱҲ𾪵Ŀ壬ȻҪɱǿǶɽʡĶ֡һ⽮Ҫǰɱˣڰѻĵͱһ
ȻҪɱңȻҪɱһʡĶ֣ǺôĵӡҸ㣬Ҫɱҡȫ綼û֮ء
͵վָŭ˵
ԭһʡĶ֡ôĹ١һ˵ţһµĲӣ
Ϊ˷ֹԺ󱨸ңڰɱ˵ĺáӻûԶȥ֮úý
˵仰͵ꡱһͽĲŤϡ
ֱ֮ǰϻǲŵı飬ôҲû뵽Ȼĸɱ
еȥЩ޵֮ʿ뷨ˣ֮˵»̣ΪûЩʵ̫߰ɣ
пһûһԵűȥ
լԺϿգղŽͻȥ֮
Ҳվһֻܰȫˡ磡
˫ſһС͵翪ʼ֣ϵļƬҶС͵ɿγһֱʮ׵ľ޴磬լԺϯȥ
լԺΧľ׷ױԺǽҲݻ٣լԺЩ˿޽ɢӡ
ҪԹĻǾȥԹɣΪҺˣһǷϣһλᷢ˭ϣҲ֪ҲðաԣҪɱһӰ٣
ڿţ˵һӣм޴֣լԺΧ
Ŀ£⼸粻м俿£ǰ·ϵжȫʵ÷顣
ʱھլԺĿУһֱڷɿլԺȥ
ʹ˼ֱ֮ܺϵļȫ޴罫լԺΧһм£š
ãѾլԺˡȸϹȥһϱ鲼Ƶ꣬һĻɫ䣬Լͬ˵һȻֱԾ¡
͵ȼһ棬ȻЩתƵĽϣķһƶլԺٸȥ
ס֣ھլԺм׵ʱǸңңӰæһҪֹ塣
رжˣôЦһȴͷתżм£

һ޴ĻϮǸı󣬾ͱԪֱɢ
լԺϿյʱֻʣһƬϱڲԫһЩ˵ʬ屻ڷ֮С
壬úݶֶΣ
ǸһƵ꣬˫ŭܡ


139 ܵĽ
ֻԱˡתǸһƵ꣬ƽ˵
ԱԱҪȫˣźŭϵĻҲȼյԽʢ
ǰҲᣬǾһֻ֮ܽÿһܶɱ飬ҲϣٳֵڶΡ˵ϸֳɱ
壬ͲӵܣҪץȻܵӦеĳͷ
һϵĻ͵ȼΧĿͣ䡱һ졣
˫һڣϵĻͻ˹ȥ
ܣ
һڵԪӿǰγƣǰ·ϡ
ءء
ײԪϣ޴ײɢ»ĻĴ衣
գ
һ߬ڿĴЩ̽ΧȻһƬγһ޴Ŀ򣬽档
ȼյĻ棬ܿͽΧĸɾ
ѵˣһֱûдЩɻ
ˣżʮԪߡиȥ
Ļϵƹأ黯Ļû취סʵʻĹǼʮɹԪϸߣһ
ػʱһ
ǰ͵һڣЩԪϸߣǲҲԪи֧顣
Ц˵ͬʱĳһۡ
ֻһֻ׵Ĵ˫ͣںԱߣھϣվˣһ꣬һǴźɫµ󺺡
סû°ɣתͷһԵĺʵ
˾رжץģǸһƵаףǻ棬зǽ磬Ǹţͨٻ
û£ӦһЩȽϹӦ÷ǺܺöԸ
һǱиƬĽػ׵Ͼһ£ղҪһֻҲǱгƬ³
ȻڸӰƷ档ܣʵУȴǼΪټܡ
һ˵ҪôͨӰԪأҪôֱǿȴǾӰʣһ൱صܡ
ٻƵ񣡡Ǹ󺺵ľӿɿγһֻ޴Ƶ״ȻԪرսγһֻʵƵ
ͨ縺֣׸ҸԷĹ侲´սָ
ţͨͷƵϣȻţָͨž˹ȥ׵ٴȼܻ档
ȻΣǶԸǼʵеġЦУʮԪ˿ߴֻ
ɱһʮԪ˿͵սֱӽֻиѪ顣
ЩѪڵĹУ̾Ϳʼֽ⣬䵽ϾѾɢһա

׵˫ֺһһɫĻ˹ȥ
忴СһǰһһԪڡ
ۣۣۡ
ʮԪ֮Ĵˡ
壬ҪٲͱȡǼСˣȻתͷԱߵһ˵
Ȼܹҵټʵȷǲܴӵģһȥɣ㴳ôĻҪиѩķϣһᱣ£
Ǵһ󲨶εӰͳ˫ֺ󱳣˵
εĻЦҡҡͷ壬ȻҲĶ֣Ҫ뽫Ҵȥֻȴǲܡ
˵֮󣬾Ҫռеȸų
ʱһΪĮ𣺡ûΣ廹Ҫһܲ²ܹˡ
תͷȥֻһɫĮ̷ӣվһ޴ϣ߷
˼Ȼ㶼ԳˣѵǾôҪ𣿡ǰɫĮˣεüͷ
㲻֪˼ı޲˵
˵ĻΪܹ壿Цһ˵
Ǿ԰ɣ
˼˵Ż߹ȥµǿ޴廩һɢƬźХιȥ
Ծ˫ֺ󱳣ûжֺЩƬͺײεϣ˿˿𻨣ȴԽӽֺ


140 鿼
Ԫذ룡˼ȥ
̸оڵĸֽԪؾҪɳ壬ľ̽Լ˼Ĳٿء
˼ӣѵҪಫ𣿡εһ˿ŭޱ˼ʵ
Ц㽫ڵĽԪضһʱҲˣʲôಫ˵仰ʱ˼ޱ飬һЦǷ
˼üûսѾҵʲô˰ɣ˵Ż˫һϣˮΧӿ˼Χ
˼ٿصЩƬ׷⣬ô
͵ʹУһαһдܣΪһʹƬԵô˼һֱĮϣʱ΢΢¶Щ˷֮ɫ
ȻֻЩƬһЩͷ׷䣬¶ҰɫĽƬ
ΣרΪ׼ѺϽҵҪܲҲˣ
ѺϽƬĴһ㣬εܲϷţÿһιһ𻨡
ͣεǰ졣ЩϷѺϽƬȫڿС
һĻ˼ϵûһ㾪ȡ

˼Ѹٱ仯˲ʹѪ֮˸׹Ľ塣ȻٿԼηȥ
ЩѺϽƬ˼ĳײûһֿ֮˲ͱײƣЩѺϽƬָɣΧ˼Ϸ衣
βһһķ˼ĽǰȴǷ׷ױƣ˼һȭεͷ­ȥ
ۿξҪ˼еһЦ
˼ֱӴεдԾվûκһˡ
ôˣ˼ıȻԾɵĮȴһ˿ڵϲá
Ȼκβ㣬ѴĿĸңǲġ
Σ˼üͷЩĿΡ
ұҪ֪ԭҪиЩε˵
ðɣҸ㣬Ҫȥ鿼飬Էô˼һᡣĮż˿͡
鿼飿οԶһۣ̾˿ңԶ顣ˣȥɣ
˼ѺϽ̷ɵߣȻȻΡһֱףΪʲôԸһ𣬶Ҫˣ
ΪΪ顣
Эᶼǳ԰׷ûл᳤壬Ϊƾǿصסô˼ٵĮǵͳ͸һɲмķζ
ⲻһԶ⣬ܶڣǾ͹ˡεʮּᶨ
ߣ˼ŭһû˵ʲôץ壬еķȥ
Զȥ˼壬̾˿
Ǽȥ֮󣬸ҽһݱתͷ԰˵仰֮εӰҲ˲ʧԭء
ʱ˼ſٷУΪѺϽγɿԲȣٶȱ廹Ҫ죬һӣѾصɽС
ɽ֮˼һ޴Ľǰ¡
ķӴǽϵֱڻһϢһϵ
˼ߵʱ̧ͷһſڵңֻ֣顱
ڿֵһ˲䣬ͷ·һ󼤰ĹĶڵѪ˲
ˣýȥˡ
˼Į˲佫ѣعŷ˼Ѿ߽˴֮Уæȥ
沢Ǹָ񣬷һƬյģʲôûУֻĸվǰǡ
ĸе嵹ʶ׾ˣˣһͨ꣬һĻ𱬵ĺŮȻûмҲʮġ
壬԰һ壬ҵķ緶׾Цӭȥ
ȲѡЩε˵
ҵҲȲѵġ׾һ˵ţһļһͬеģ
Ҹһ£ȥߣ˼ŽˡúܴˣϰˣλŮ㣬ŻŮ
Ǻã΢΢ͷ˴к
׾Ľܣ⼸Ҳһ˽⡣


141 
ʦ׾衢˼Ů˾Эʮֵĺλ
˵ܣ׾Ǿƣ仯˼ǽٿء
˵ܣܹӦøйأӦú׵йϵ
ȻѾˣǾ׼ʽɣһԵȻڣ紺ը죬ڴڲϵĻصĶһ顣
ЩĿò֪ΪʲôŻˣɤţ˵һ仰һס
˵ϰˣܲܰɤһգ˵һ仰Ҷ죡׾Ŷ䣬Щ˵
׾ľָȻߣָȲ壬ղͻȻĶһ
Ӧüǿˡҵ˵ҪķѾάֵġ׾һۣεǺ졣
壬׼ϾҪʼʽˡԸһ˷׷ıԵ
ʽ飡
ϵĿʼȼɫĻ档ЩڶͷһӰ
飡
˼ĮϷųɫĹâЩâһ֮ĸоһֻ˫İɫͻӰ
飡
ͷʵʣͷ𽥵ᣬγһɫȵ޽ţӰ
飡
Գᶨɫͬʱľɳ⣬ͷγһββֻάһ˲һһëĸߴԳ
ǽβ¶Եʧ֮ɫ
ϾšҪʧԺл˵֮ǰѾнˡɫ˷׷׳԰ο
ûˣɣЦһɫָ
飡
׾Ȼ𣬷·Ҫ˶ߣľֱӷɳͷγһӰ
塣վмһԵ˵
˵ͷûԥֱߵ˴УҲ˵м䡣
ԶšѪΪ飬֣
С޴ӰȫŴĵ³ȥȻһֱĹͳڴС
塣ľȫͷųȥ顣
ķԸԥİԪȫͷ˳ȥȻ͸оԺһͣһ޾ŭԺ𣬽͸оǰһڣֱӻ˹ȥ
ȵѹʱ򣬾ͿٻٻſĴߣԵЩ㲣ͷҲЩɿݡ
СᱧٻٻҪڴϣ˯һЩ
šٻٻ˯úǳոձ˹
壬ٻٻЩϲĿ壬ŷԼ屧ڻɫһӱ죺
ͻȻ뿪㵣ˣ⼸춼û˯ãȺúϢϢɣ彫ٻٻڴϣȻϱӡ
šٻٻӦһ
˯һᣬȥŪ㷹
ŶٻٻһЦתȥ
ıӰٻٻĲ֪ЩʲôñӰ
ׯ԰ʣҵ˳ڵĵطһЩʳͻصס
ʱٻٻѾ˯ˣЩʳϣȻ壬ֱͨ۵ķ鿴ı仯
һԣ巢ԼĵȼȻûб仯ȴ˴
ָ3110㣬ָǱ6140㣬ԭ23ʱԻҪǿɲ൱8ȼǱߡ
ͺȸѪѪ֮ȻȼûȴǴھͺ͵ȸһ
ϣ廹ԼԪ档һԣԣԪࡣ
󣬻һԣǺ֮ǰ鿼йصġ
鴫УӣЧ
ı仯֮һ֮̾ǰôҲû뵽鿼ĺôȻ֮

ʱˣ忪һ˹ˡ
һţǼ˵ĿͲϴоЩڡ
Ǽôˣ忪ʵ
壬ʲôһ֮󣬿ʵ
֮ǼֻоһǿԵѹ٣ǼȻֱӱιȥǱѹĻ᳤ǡ
Ҳ֪ҵʲôΪҵʱֱιȥˡ̯˫֣Ц˵


142 
˵ǲû¶ʧ֮ɫԴԤϣǵʵѹιȥ˵ˡ
ԽǿʵԽ壬ʵ֮ǰ˶ٱĿЩȵĿ塣
ʮ
˻һſڵļȫǵһ
յõʱʵҲںϣʵ
⣬õʱҲֱΣʵֱ屶ȴ޷ںϣʵĲ
ȴ辶ͨԼݣѻʮյԼ飬й롣
Ȼʮ˵ĳɹˣһһֻëԳʵĿܡ
壬ԺʵܻѣʲôɻңҵľҲܹ㡣˵
忴һ԰ϵԣһٷֱȣֵ˰ٷ֮һﲻЩɻĺ
Ҳûж˵ʲôڿ׵ҪûµĻɣ
ðҲ˽һ¡Цһ߽༸Ҳں档׷˽ȥ
һĻ΢΢Щ㶡ûָ⼸˴Ӧ룬û뵽ǴӦôɴࡣ
ǵã֮ǰĽӴУ׾֮⣬˶ЩңôͻȻ֮ͱôѺú
˽ʱ򣬶ٻٻѾˣ߳Էͼһ߽ٻٻæվǴк
֮󣬶ٻٻȥΪݲ裬һʮͻݵģ
а壬СŮͦи˰׾ļЦ˵
ЦЦûʵһԵ⼸֪ұôˣ
ѾڸסˣٷѾ˽ͣˮǹǾϰұһ¡֣ϮЦһ˵
ô˵ûʲôඣζı顣
ȻûʲôˣǹأԺŻͻһпܵĻһôһơһ棬ȴԲˬһ˵
ɣڷܵ
Ȼ㲻ԸôҲûϵЭû˸鷳һתЦ˵
仰ϲһ£˸Ĵָ
Ȼͨ鿼飬ӦõõĴ˵
üͷϵıЩɻ󣺡ʲô˼ͨ鿼ʲôϵ
鿼Ȼ֮Ϊ飬֪ʲô𣿡һЦʵ
һᣬҡҡͷǵǳʽʲôʵĶ
鿼ܹһѪ飬һǱĿ顣㿴ſϷ֣ǲһѪڵĸоһԵ˵
˵ͷʱȷǺ˼սڵѪҺԾķ
ûл˵Ѫֻһ³ǾǱ軺˵
ʲô̲סû뵽ſڣȻɱǱȻ˵ûΣգȴЩ¡
ڵڶ飬ʱˣһƤĵ㽶ˣֱӾͻᱻɱֲФǵĴڡ׾һƲƲ죬ǲм˵
Ȼͨ飬ҲֻһͨĻˣҪõ飬ͱҪԺǱϵõϿɡ˵
˵֪ⷬΪʲôͨ鿼֮˶Լ̬ȷ仯ԭԼõϿɣȻҲõǵϿɡ
ôһ˵ҷ黹ͦƢġЦ˵
ߣ࣬ı졣޹ؽҪĶͨҲͰˣֹؼĶǵȥ׾һ˵
ȷӵдѪãȷ˲õı˵ͷΪȻ
Ļڳ˶Ц
壬ɾ˵ˣĵطǴѪܹǵܻ׾Ц˵
壬ԼѪķʥˮϴѪӵܹѪܻȴû취Ҳһ͡
ֻҪܹںϣܹʱܻߣҪܻĻмǿܲٿܰ쵽º󻹻ԪˣҪܳʱ䡣


143 
˼սʱ˽ܻ״̬ʮǿ
˼ܻ֮ĽԪأԼγһּǿĺϽٿؽܣ˵޼᲻ݡ
Σܻ֮Ȼսû٣ȴǿ죬ǲ֮
ǿ״̬ʱܹ룬ЩߣȴҪѾ޴Ĵۣܹڶʱڽ״̬мĲһ֪
ԭ֪ǻжܹܻ״̬Щʵ
ȻİǻҲֻʮܹܻ״̬ˡ̾һ˵
ʮˣô٣Щȵʵ
ֻЭʮ֣ټΣҲʮһ
忴һ׾Щˬı֮󣬾֪ôˣ׾Ӧûûܹܻ״̬
Ϊܻ״̬ôֻкȫں֮󣬲ܽ״̬ҵõʱ仹ûȫںòã׾Щ˵
СʮҪŬŶҪǱϣȽܻ״̬Ͷ˶ˡһЦ˵
⻰׾ϵ֮ɫ
ȻˣҲͻȥˡϾл顣Ц˸ǡ
ʲô㻹ҪȥꣿҲмʮˣѵ㻨ģαȥΪ˽Ǯ
׾ȫɫĿ壬֪ôġ
׾ĻЦһΪҪ갡ʵҪǮ;飬а
ҵİá㳶һԼŵɣ׾ֱӸһۡ
ⰮûͦġҲǳ˳顣
֮ǰָЭʮǿϷڵԪʮֶ࣬ȫϷĻÿܹһţǿϷҲû֮ǰôϡ١
ʵʽȻƷҲӣľȴ޷һ
ÿܹȥĻôÿԵõһǧ㾭飬ǺǲܵġΪгô
ûн鿼֮ǰѾܹÿǧˣʱгѾʼֳƣ̬ÿҲܹ۳һǧš
ϾܹƷ׭ˡǺܶ࣬ټƷ׭ĳʱһ꣬ظ̫гƳ۷׭
ڻе·ϡһֱ취⡣
ҪĻֻ취һǽĳۼ۸øܹ׭
ĻǮɻ٣ܻǹ̳ƷҪƵĽǮ
һ취һְҵƷר׬ȡ飬׭򲻽ۣ׬ȡǮ
׬ȡƷȱƷֻܹԴԴϵĲ飻ΣƷȺҪ࣬гĴСƷĲҪ󣬲͵ĻгٴҲûá
ЩϷ֮ȷ׬ȡְҵƷǾ֡
ӵũְҵ֮󣬿ѧһЩӣֳʳҲõ顣
ʳΪ죬ϵ߹پ޼֣µ䣬˭ҪԷֵĻͲٵľˡ
һصУȲȥվ˼СӣȻ󻨷һǧ㾭һǧӣѧϰֲӵũְҵ
ϲѧֲ10ֲָȷǼ
ȷһ֣֪ܵЧһֱȽص
Խһֲڵۣγʮӣֲ֮
ЩСӰǰŶʹһâзųֱЩϡ
âҫ£Щӵı潥Ŀʼּ˿󣬵ȵйâʧʱЩСһſűþӨ⻬
Щʱ岢ûбܻٻٻٻٻѾ֪ˣЩҲûʲô
壬ղʲôЩһӱúƯٻٻЩʵ
׼ӹ˾Ȼ㵱ϰ塣һ߸ٻٻЦţһ߿ʼ鿴Сӵԡ
Сӣһ֣мǿ;ʩ⣬κιÿӿջʮʳʾĻ¾鰴ջʳ㡣
СӵĽ֮̾Ϳʼм㣬֣ÿܹõپ顣


144 ڵʵ
һӱһ֣ҪһٵԪĻÿܹٹЩӽջһǧʳ
Ϊһ֣ÿʳԵõ0.1㾭飬ĻÿͿԵõ1500㾭顣
ϴʱ25500㾭飬Ļֻ18ҪܵĻȴ彫
ǾܾͶʣ
һҧһģ͸ѧֲȫ˶2W㾭2ӡ
֮ʦְҵһػļܣͬʱũְҵҲһ˳ļܡ
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145 
ٻٻڲŷ֣ԭôͻݣŶĶٻٻЦ˵
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Ҫ˵壬ʱͱҭסˣѾͷ˵Ҳ̫ƻ˰ɣղܰգһ仰ɨһա
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극ٻٻϵʰһȻ˱˯ȥˡ
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ӵǸһЩĹһȵ˵˵֮æסԼͣȻҲǲԼ˵ˡ
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ֻϹվһᣬȻͻȥ˲гҹԱǸһЩĹԵЩľЦ˵
׼ɣҪС굹գõһʱأ
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֣˵ԬæһԽһ
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ֵûдЩݵˣЩˡЦ˵


146 ϵʿϢ
ڶ죬ԬĸԬɽͶũҵй쵼´ָʾƹЩӡ
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˵ףӹ˾ֻˢģûָ׬ǮֻҪȥļ۸ܱС
öٻٻƹܹ˾ܹúȻģǹãƾӵƣҹ˾Ҳܻ硣
ڷǬĵҩ⣬ҵ̸һк˹ͬǬ
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147 ǰ
ԭ鰡ǲðˣϾŲǸһŵֺſôǾ൱ںĻƽԱ鷢ֺſһĴʱɾǺʯԱˡ
Ŷɣ
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148 ۸˰
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149 ת
תͷȥͿװһʮҵŮӣһЦӯӯؿĿЩ֣ͺԼƤĵܵһ
ǣȻ֪Ů˭ǱºһЩ
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ˮģŮӵĻһӷӦ˹
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ϸżװϵģһɫ޼͹µĽȹļװϣӨ˫¶ڿУǰıǷһĨҫ۵Ө
ټ̶񵭵ӣº͵Ц⣬壬ҲһĿѣԡ
֪˭㻹Ͽĵżֽ
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ЭˡʵǸղҲˣĳЩʯԱǿˣûʲô⡣
ǸӵʣĵϿɾûʲôЦˣȴԾʮ͡
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Ǽʵһ㣬һǼʶϵˮϵߵж£ĵĿɨǼߣ˵


150 Ѱ
ĵĻװȫסˡ
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ںնֻʣȭͷСѪҺʱȴͻȻ֣Ԫ˿ߺͻ棬Ц˵һεսɣܹΪѵģ𣿡
ĻΧȫһȵĿûëɣ˵սѾһĳ̶ˣȻֲͣˣҪͶԷѣ
ѪҺ죬ɫ԰ףϢ΢ĺն¡
նȻ֪ʲô⣬ȴ֪ԼʱĴȱסҪ飬ûгԷ塣
Ҳɣն°۾޵ĿЩǿ˵
󣬺նһ߽壬һ߻żװȥֱ˸λ£Ҳûκζ
˵ʲôѵѣնµüͷ
󣬼װϵָֻ˱ϵɣʵϡÿ˵עϣٴͻȻ֡
İһ£Ŀͣղ֮Բɱն£ΪµļǺìܰɣû뵽ȻĴֹۡ
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Ҫɱ˺ն£Ʊػһϵˣܷչ֮սȻߵࡣ֮սӰ죬Բս
ľǲǸȰסʱȴԼͣˣĶʮֵ͡
彫ն´ˣȴַŹõĽȲĳͻն»ָƵĻҪ౦
ʵأֲμҡôôԶ֮ԷŹն£Ҫѣ֮֡
Լ֮֮УֻһŸλÿأնµܺҪʹõԪԶھղŹƻֱӱѪ
˵תͷһۺն¡ЦЦʵѵġ
廹˵ЦЦΪֻдʣû⡣
ˣ壬ҿղźͺնµս㲢֪ôӦܵĹɣʲôͻȻ˵
նµа취ӦԣǺʵ
ȻѾպնˣҲұ֤Ժ󲻻Ƶߣܲÿζ˻˰ɣ
ʹܵʱ򣬾ƽʱŵʱͬƽʱŵľǲҪʵģʹܵʱ򣬾ͨʷõġֽʣǳ֮ΪԪ֮ΪħԪء
Ķһ£һĺƣȻ˵ҪӦԵ˵ֻܹҪ취ӰԼΧԪͿˡ
ĵĻ̱۾ĸΧԪ
̾͸ܵװϼ˵ΧŸָĲΧĲ͸һº񾲵ϢնΧĲ͸һаѪȵϢ
ǸΧϢȴǱȽ֣һּԸĸоʱ˵ţƵģţƵģҴһҲ֪ʲôܡ
ǰ廹ΪܵĲǴʱĵĽ⣬Ѿ֪Щ߾Ԫ
ӰԪԪĹЩߵ֮ԲͬΪӰԪͬôܹӰʲôԪ
뵽ĺ硢ꡢͿػĸܡ
磡ʹ˺缼ܣͬʱϸ۲ԼԪı仯
۲һ֮ܿͷ֣Ԫϸ΢ĵԪͿӰԵԪ
尴סеĿϲֽ˻Ϳػּܣ֪ԼԪľ仯
ڶܹȵٵʱٽ顣
װϵˣȻ֪嵽ڸʲôĵȴСĽ䱸˭ͻȻϮ
ܣͳŵԼԪȻ֪ԭȴ֪ôȥԼԪ


151 
һ֮ȻûܽԪӦ״ֻ̬Ҫϰһʱ䣬ͿԶˡ
壬ôܵԪôڴĿ塣
Ѿ֪Ϣӵе廨ţпռϵܣٻϵܣܣղʹ˻ϵܺͷϵܡ
ֻֽͣҪôǳţͬʱܣֿ̫Сһֽ;ǣһܣܹģܣĿԼ
ĸղ֮ԸЩϣܹǼܳ׵գΪԼ
ԣһʱ䣬ӦûвСջ񡣡Ц˵
˵ĵҲ¶ϲ֮ɫﰵţһ죬ܹͬʱˮܣδزܴﵽ᳤ĸ߶ȡ
Ľ㣬װϵ⼸Ҷʶ԰ǵ˵һ𣿡ɨһȦΧǼˣ˵
ǸΪڴ飬־ʵղŹǸʿӰ־ʵġȸǸˡ
һʱǸ˱ұۣʱѾһ롣
ȻڴʵܻǴ߶ڵϸٷֳȴǴ´ġ
ܹ߶Լڵϸ⼸ÿһֶܸеΪֻܻǰһ
ֻÿһϸԪ߲ܹܻͬ״̬ЩֶܸϸƿȫǷǳǿġ
׾սʱ׾ܵȫָܹܿҲΪԭ
ն¾ͲýˣԱߵǸɫͷŮˣͬ飬ͬŷ˵ξʵԽξʵתһּΪѲܡ
ĵĽܡĿ˺նԱǸַŮӵϣСɫƤ⻬ϸ壬͸һֽϢ
ξʵ񲻴ѾһĿꡣ
ĸ׻ǶٻٻҪһŮԸִߣʮֺʵġ
ǱǸߣõĲģܵĿעӵˣʵҲСһ٤ʵҲǼΪǿ
ߵȻ죬ȴûʲôȤԸҲϬǶԸߣֻȴ
ǸߴĺΪ²£׹ǿʵʮǿٽһܺ˼⡣
Ľ⼸˽֮Ҳǵ
Щ˼ȻܹΪʯԱôǵʵһͬСɣղŵĺն£ܹǿнܻ״̬ѾһĴڡ
Ľ㣬ʲôʱʼУʵ
һɽʱ䣬ʽʼʱ֮󣬻һɽףʱѡҲѡ뿪
ȻĻĽ㣬ҾȻȥϢˡ˵֮վһԵļǸŮ
ŮȥҵķɣЦŶǸŮ˵
ղۼʶƣǸŮӵľηķԸæӦһ͵¥ȥ
ȵ뿪˼װ֮ͻȻڶǰŮ˵֪ղżװǼ˵ķ𣿡
⣬ǰǸŮ΢΢һͣס˽Ųתͷ壬Щԥ˵ҡ֪
Ŷܺãǹȥһ°ɣȻȥҵķ䡣
ŮĴ£ȥǼסһȦȻͻԼķ䡣
ֻҪţȵҹʱͿǰȥնºΪˣԱ󽫡
նѾԪˣҲǽݽߣҪոĻû̫ѣշʱ򣬹ƻЩ鷳
ʱܿ쵽賿࣬Լķֱźնºķȥ
նµķ棬彫ԪСĵ̽뷿ڣȴַûˡ
նȥˣѵǺһᱨԻ˷ˣüͷϾȻʦ
ְԪСĵ̽˸ڵķ֮Уնµĸڷ棬סŵľ
ףԭߣȻѰŮ˵ıӻ˼
Щǣķ棬Ȼ˺նµӰ

ӰͻȻʧ¥ֱӳ˺նµԱߣҪóԼ֮飬ȻоЩԾ
ʵôȻȻЦ˵


152 Լ
廰䣬ΧĻ̾ͷ˱仯ݶ͵ذθߣܵǽҲǲϺˣγһ̻Ի͵ľ޴󹬵
ڹϷϣһ΢Цĸ塣Աߣնһ޵Ŀ塣
ߣҾ֪㲻ưոݡȻʵУͱųȥˡնһ˵
ںնƵĻûᣬԪ̽Χ
ԪϢʾΧĶȻٵģʵڵġ
㲻ٰ׷̽ˣȻҵܽʵһУȻġЦ˵
ĵ̣̽飬Ȼ֪һ
̧ͷЦ˵ֻдܳȥˡ
ܵģҪֱΣնºЦһĿ塣
һҪԣ
һУһɾ޴ڹУΧжȫ˽ȥŹϷͺնϮȥ
СʱϰѾܹصԼԪʱʹܡ
ǹɾ޴ӽû˿仯һָɢ
ԭ˵磬ֹͣתһɢȥ
üͷ𣬾˵ʮѲ
ˮְᣡ
ϵܶã̵ԪͨˮϵܶʹõĻˮϵݶһС
̸ܵԼڵˮֲʧøɱһҪɸʬģ
ȻˮϵܣһȣЦһĳ⼼ܡҪȻӵôܡֻҲܶܰ
һֻ֣ԭɱٳӯ
ˮϵܣ
һָ϶ʱȼ棬ɫӵмߵ¶ȡ
ǻϵܣ
ߡһһʹÿػܽΧĻ
ӦŻʱһָ塣һԵĽӾͻƬĵУ˹ȥ
²ʲôܣܲٿأǽٿأ
ԪɳֱӽǼƬеסͬʱҲڿŶԸķ
ʲôܣܹƺն¸ղ˵ܡ
ǣ忴Ǻ˵˵
Ĳ˵ҪܣﻹĻᣬһˡ
ʵʵﲻϵ߶ţͻȻ۾һˣԭˣʵЩ㶼ᣬⶼģģʵУģһУ
һе壬¶ŵЦݡ
ȻֻܹģܣղʹõЩܣ϶֮ǰܣϾûмĻû취ģġ
ȻĻ

˲ʧԭأߣ͵س͸š
ռܣһ
ʵռ䣬Ȼ֪ιġ
ʵУռܺʱܶΪǴ˵еܣΪû˼׾ڼ֮󣬾ҪЭ档
ȻǿܲһʹǿߣڹǸߣȻһȴĿ
ǣǿܴһַչǱֻҪӵǿܵ˿ŬУͿ϶Ϊһǿߡ
Ϊûмռܣ޷ģռܣʹöĹҲûκεֿ
ղŽ뷿ʱûʹʵܣȻ֪ռܣҪȻտʼͻһˡ
ܣôܣôܹնŵĿ壬Щʧ˵
ûһԵĺն£ֱӴƷóԼ֮飬Ѫְȥ˫Ŀǰ
ΪΪͣԼ
ֵµŽҳ̻һ׹⣬ܽڡ
ΪߵǿȻʱܵشǷʶԾʮֵļңϵİ׹ⲻϵ˸ʼûԼɹ
һĻһ䣬һûùļܣѪ䣡
һѪɫ⻷ƾճ֣֮һ֮󣬾ƾʧľͱͱԼɹǵ׹»ҳصԼ֮С
Ϊūֽ֮ϵѪ䡣
Ϊʵռ䣬ն޷ӳȥټشԼɹ


153 չ
ڶϣո𴲣žͷ֣ǸŮѾķſڵˡ
ûгԷɣǾһȥԵɣЦŶ˵
ʵΪǿˣʮ죬ΪڣĸͲΣˡ
նºȫһܸ֣ǺЭʮȣҲֻѷһˡ
壬Ȼ극һȥչתתܷܲϵʿټȥ·ϣ˵
ҲȥûʲôҼ©Ժչ֮гڴ
ڲԷʱҲ֪ǸŮ֣Ǳңܿ
ǰμÿˣһŮȫͬϾĶǺĻƽԱȻ̫͡
ǳ극֮ܿʹļװȥ
ļװĴȫţΪչκ֧һѺ֮󣬾ͿԵõһӣȻһ̨ӹϣͿԳԼĶˡ
һ֮沢ûеӣÿ̯ȫԼ̯λЩҪˣڲ鿴һƷ֮󣬻ϰ彻̸
룬ҲܹΪĻƽԱҲյĸˡȻΪʵҪһЩòĶ˭ߺȣ
һ𣬻ԼȥתתԵļʵ
һǸһɣ̫ˣҪǸҲ˳۵ģ˵һƾͱˡЦ˵
ҡͷЦЦȻ˵ñȽϿţʵǿĻȷױ鷳
˼֮ڵһ̨ǰͣ¡ͷ̨ϵĸֶ
վڹ̨һ̷꣬ͣ£һ΢ЦĴչЦֵܣɶǺöҪʲô
ǲǺöɲ˵ģȿ˵ְɣ̧ͷǸʵ
ҵ˵ܣҲԸⰡǸ̷Ц˵
ЦЦһʮֹӵ顣ֱӶʹһⱾԣֱӳԺ
ⱾǴγģǳ¼ĵ̾䡣һŶǶ˵ȴûκá
ֵܣǺ۹⡣γ伮ҺòײŪֵģҪĻֻҪʮڻȼⱾҾøˡǸ̷ʮֺ˵
٣оԼղǲˣⱾֵʮڣ
ⱾҪˣʱЩӲĺ˵
תͷͿһĸߴӣ߹߻һװĴӡ
ΣȥһⱾĳ߹֮ǸֱӶǸӷԸ
õģӦһߵǰһ΢Ц˵԰еҿһ𣿡
Ȼһ΢Ц֪ΪʲôȴԾǸоЩˬҲû˵ʲôֱӰǱݸ
δСĵĽӹǱ飬Ȼó˷Ŵϸ۲һȻתͷǸ˵ͷ
ʮڣⱾˣεļǸܸɴ˵
ⱾԱλֵȿϵġǸ̷Ѿֿ˻ǱϻװһΪѵı顣
ù˼ңⱾҸûҪ˭ҪĻȥɣǸ̷ֱۣӲ̨
˵Ǹ̷һӾͱҭסˣϣǸһлأ
ʵղҪʮڵļ۸ΪҿλֵܺԵԲŸһۣҪҪĻ۸ȴҪһЩ
Ǽ岻ϣ̷ȴԾҽۡ
㲻ԸĻԼߵļǮɣеɱһ˵
Ҫת뿪ʱǶ̷꼱æ߰ʮڣҾͽѣʮˣ
תͷؿ˶̷һᣬڵڣ
Ļ̷һĭһأ͸ɱɱڣҲ̫˰ɣ
뵽ղɱ̷һЦһǲҲˣҪȻֻ˻ĺͻᱻɱ
ãھڣСѲؽǮɽˣС˵⻰ʱһ΢ЦȴڵѪ
Ҫûˣ¶ʼԼˣһӾûڡ
¶һ΢Цһ֧ƱݸСǣǱҲ˫Ǯˡ


154 ŹֵĹ
뿪ıӰüͷ΢΢
̽ǾŵģȻжǱûʲôãôǱֻһŶ飬á
£ǸʹⱾ飬һΪⱾĳãôж׼ʲôأ
ղǱʱֻμǱ֮⣬ûκ飬ѵŶģ
ܣ̷ԡ
Ϣֻһʱڳ¼ͨҵ伮ûĵطǸμȻܹɶϳǱ϶ҲǱļ۸
Сǣ㣬ղǸΪʲôỨǱ顣תͷһĿںڵСǡ
ղŲǸΪ֣СҲйŹ֣ΪʲôôţһҪʮڣ϶֪Щʲô
ϣһҾۣҾͶһ죬ԪͷˡСؿڣﰥϰϽл
㣬ǸΪʲôỨ飿ٴСһ顣
֪ȥǸȥҸղžֻҪۣ˭ֱ֪ˡСǵתЦ˵
СǵǺղŲ̨飬Ͳش⡣
˸ղǸˣӵڻܻٲ˵Ļӵ˹ڣҲһǲ͡
вСֺ̻õı顣
㿴˵ġҶǻˣαؿڱտڴɱɱġʵҲ˵ģЩʵǿĹߣڵռĹŴЩ̵伮ֻҪҪǸͲںǮ
Сǵ˵üͷøЩΪʲôᵽռĹŴĵ̵伮
ߣȥһ̯λ
ĵɻһ̯λȥ
ֵܣ߰ﻹбĺöأСں溰ţȴû̯λϵЩͿۡ
ûпһ̯λŲٵĹ飬߹ȥ֮һ̽飬ЩЦõǡЩ棬ֻһǹŶĻǷġ
Ȼû뿪߹Ҳһרң󣬻ڡǱŶˡ
һֻԼΪ˵ĸ˰ãǼȻͬ£˵һ⡣
Ժϵص㣬С˵ֻҪǹŴĵҵ伮Щ߲ϧǮҲҪ
壬ͷʲôأ
ͷ˼ʱһĶ̧ͷһȴվԱߡ
Ľ㣬Ҹղŷһ⣬Щ߷չǻĹŴĵҵ伮Ҿһ⡣
һԣЩص˵
ЩһҲͷˣҲ벻ɡ
ҡҡͷЩε˵
Ҳ֪ԭ¶ʧ֮ɫԼյˣĵλһ֪ԭ
ն£ߣΪʲôԻĹŴĵҵ伮ôȣͨԼ֮飬ʵ
ˣҲıܣֻҪǽĹŴĵҵ伮ٵͻһּȵˬУױȡ
˵ʱ򣬺նµ¶һЩĸо
ˣҺͺնµĸоһֱܾǳޱһ·ǿӡӡǣǸ޷ΥȻȨһУǿֱܵġش
ޱܣʵ
ˣʵԽԽǿʱ򣬰ǶڻԽԽǿҵĳޣ޲֪ǴӺζȴǱһʹǣն֮ǰ֮ôˣΪޱܵʹŽ͵ˣū֮ǰȻҳū͸𷣣նЩֵ̿˵
ˣ֮ǰͲҪˣǺú˰ɣ˵֮ж˺֮硣
˸ղŵĻԽԽǾкʲôڰУעŻġ
֪Ϊʲôܽʵôǿȴֻǿסˣԭ磬ȫӻģֳӻǿԵġӺˣղŵû⿪ŷԽԽˡ̾˿
壬ôˣ̾תͷʵ


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벻ͨĻʱһ߱ˣ˵Ժͨ飬ͨأЦ˵
˵ҲԣȻ飬н죬ֻҪ׼ˡϵıָɣЦ˵
չתתûйʲô
Щ۸񲻸ߵĶ忴ϣ۵Щ۸̳滹Ҫߣֻǿֶء
Թ緹֮ͺͼһ˷䣬ܿҲȥϢˡ
ôչתһ磬㷢Ǹϵʿôɳºһ֭һڣʵ
ûУ˵ϵʿˣʿûһ˵ϵʿ᲻Ϊ鷳Բˣüͷ
Ҳܴģ϶һαװģҪô׾ͱ㷢ˣҲɲϵʿˣСʿʱƾˡЦ˵
˿е⣬ܹΪĻƽԱǸϵʿпô򵥾ͱ֡
ĻôɫЩѿ
ΪʦűأֻҪǸҲˣʦűʲôıʮɡ
˵Ǹϵʿʦűһ񽣡һ¡˵
ȻĿͺðˣǾ͵ɣһ⡣
Щ߶ڹŴҵ伮Ŀȣټϵʿߵĳ֣µĽ㣬ѾʧڻĹŴ
ЩԽԽ˼ˣһڹ֭ﰵԵ
ʱûȥչ˷ʱ䣬ԼķϤԪϸ΢
֪ϵʿʵΣ׼һЩĺá
ںնº˵ƣѵĻش¡Ѿָ۷״̬
ڶϣϴϣ緹֮󣬾ȥģһȥ˾Ǹ
沼õʮֺÿ˶һ޴ɳǰϷŸƺʳûһļࡣǴģ
ǼʯԱȻЩƽԱһרŵİᣬǵİڵڶװϡΪ˵ڶװ廹ͨ
Ľ㣬϶Щʲôʵ
Ȼ廨ţǴҲǼ࣬סҩȫܹʵĶ˵
΢΢˵ͷҪϡһЩŶԵЩЦˡ
ȫ֮һװĵӣӻ᳡ĺ̨ϣûһСⳡҲͿʼˡ
ǵĵһƷһƿҩ֮󣬿֮ڣɾļƷҩ׼һǧÿμӼ۲һڿʼģ
־ҩ˵ǾطĴɱȻʱе̣Ƕ˵ѾԾˡ
һǧһ򣡡
һǧ򣡡
ǧ򣡡

ڳڶߵʮַ񣬱ϾҩֶҪúˣ൱ǶһǮ˵Ͳʲô
һ𣡡ڶһһϼӼ۵ʱǸʯԱ²£˵
۸̱һСߣʣµЩУҲüͷ
һȻ࣬Щ˻ܹ֮ǰΪ˹Ǳδĵҵ伮ñң۾գҲգѾҪӽһˡ
²¼Ȼ֣۸;Բֹڴˣܹõҩļ̫С
һһǧ򣡡
һǧ򣡡
Ȼ˸Žмۣ²µɫû˿仯ٴεڣ
һǧ򣡡
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۸һЩȫƻˣѾ²ڱصõľģȥҲûʲô˵Ҫ²£òʧ
е壬۸ҲЩʮñңȫҲˡ
ûмʶɾˣȻûôǮɵǮӰп
ȫվ˵ۣ̳ΪܣʲôУȻҩǶЩ࣬Ǯ򲻵ıǮѾҪˡ
嵱ʱԺҲֱֵħ񱩵ߵʱԵġ


156 
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ϵʸͬϵʣŲ³ǵݡ
Ǹ׿죬˫ĿӣӦþڵλľǧͤӵеľϵܣ˵ʮ֮ġ
Ǹһʵ񣬿ũҴˣӦþڵλعޣӵеϵܡ
ǸһſģüɫӡǵӣӦþЭڶлһ֮رжֱӴУرж֮±ý
λϵǸһʣЦŵˣЭĻ᳤ģߣܹһҶԻĴڡ
ģʲô飬ôżȫټĺЦʵ


162 ս
ϣһ᳹׽ңڶ֮仹˾ҵĳͻһ˵
ΣϵЦһʵ
е߶Ҹɵˣֻ׹²ܵˣ˵
ĵĻڵȫǾȵתͷǵӡĵԸһֱˮᣬôɱϣ
ֻˣˮһ棬п񱩵һ档ڹôʱѹ£ľǱסˮȻƽֻҪһȱڣ̾ͻɺˮ¡
ģ֪ĺ𣿡ĵüͷ
᳤εƷһƪ˵
ʲôĵĻҲ޷侲͵վ¶һŵı顣
ҺӽϣŪһĹһˮϵԸѹȥȻⳡսɱ⣡ȻĻЩ߾Ͳ
ĻĬȻ˼
ôһֱŬάź͹֮ƽ⣬ǵĸֺܹܶ࣬άƽ⣬ôԺأǵĸܹһֱǶࣿڼȻ˻ᣬǾͳûһ
ڷԱߵлоһ˵
ͬ϶˵ġʹʹô˻е鷳Ҳſڵ
ľֻҶӣܹڶõĻ᳤Ҫ˼̫ˣЩߣʼһĸ󻼡ǧͤʱҲ˵
սսͻкܶƽˣĳ˵
Ǽ˭ҶԼȥ֮󣬻ĵʵǲǻ㹻ǡǲɱˣǶڻĵĳޱܣʱֻ»Ѫɺӣǧͤɫ䣬˵
ˣ˵ˡЭ뱸ս״̬ʱ׼ӭսϮĹߡȷһᣬͿŹܹҺĶʵˡĻִǧͤĻ˵
ȥĶţЩҪӺϹĻһײͷѪġ˵֮ǧͤȥ
ߵſڵʱͻȻ᳤ͣʵԽǿڻԽǳӣ⼸սҪʱ򣬾ͰʴɡҪˣ
˵֮ǧͤͷҲصش˳ȥ
ǧ֮ͤ󣬷ﰲվһЦıͽҰɣ
Ȼ¼˹֮һڻĵһһţκһߴҲ˵
ֻˣúͷ޵ûʲôߣαȽˡлЦ˳ȥ
żȥıӰĿЦһȻǿ󣬵һҲǼʮµȥ֡
ģεõĹóɣ̧ͷ˵
šӦһԵ塣
˵ͷó񽣵ݸ񽣼
ǣˣ
סڵ룬ˮɳڿγһƬˮĻЩ¸
̧ͷϸؿˮĻϵЩ֣΢΢Щ
ʮ֮󣬷Ľеȫ꣬һ̾⹦ȻǳֻѶҲĸߡ
᳤ƪˮϵԺеƪϵΣЩڴʵ
ǰ漸㹦ľƪˮϵԺеƪϵƪˮϵʮֵȴƪȱĻϵܹȵġһ˵
ЩȵؿŷģľȻѾ˻ϵ
Ľ㣬֮ʲôãôǶƪŽ̲סʵ
壬ֻ˹˵˵ɣ˺ͬϵĹܾ֮ͻᷢ죬øǿȴ׿ƣͺԼһЦŸ͵
Ȼ֮ǰûģǷΪЭĻ᳤ȴ֪ģ
˵ͷʾˣȴֲһʣȴû˼ʳ
Ȼĺôôʵǲģ
ģƪѾ£ûȥúɣܵȥ׼ӭӼսĶķԸ
ߣһԵͻȻŭһת뿪ˡ
һĻҡҡͷЦ˵ŮһСӣˣȥɣ
ӻҳ֮·ʵŮղôͻȻͷƢˣ
ѽǿˮϵʵԼûлϵ﷢СƢأЦ˵
Ůûлϵ᳤ﲻһ׻ϵôѵ᳤ûдڸһȵʵ
᳤ĹԵɺϵģһûа취ڣҡҡͷЩε˵
ô£ѵ᳤һʦţûʦ⴫ɹüͷʵ
᳤ĹȽأҲûа취ŮڡľͰѵ귢¸塣
ЭὨɽصʱɽзһƾɵĹ̨κζ涼ʧ
Ϊ̽Ѱ̨ܣԼľ̽Уһɺ嫵ѹ١
ѹ֮£Эʮ֣ȫѹ˵ϣܶ˿ѹǰǾͺһ
ƾɵļ̨޷ǿѹѣѹҲ֮ʧ֮ĵԺоͶһƪϵ
ƪޱȣҺͷļϣʮɵľͽԺеǰ㹦ɡ
ûкĹҲֻεֹͣҪƪڸŮǲ֪ΪΣֻҪҪ˵̾ͻһƬհף벻κһ㹦ݡ
̨ͨٵĿֲѹͻȻԺеĹܹ޷˵ĽƣĽ㣬ѵɣﲻ߶ţȻ̧ͷѯʵ
ûҲ֪Ͽ϶һЩֲĴڣǿĻ᳤ǰҲЩȻĸ̾
ôԶʲôúˮϵ˵ҲгΪǵȴڵһ졣Ц˵
ɽصڴͺķֿˣźնȥɽµׯ԰סţɲϰסɽ
ϣҹ˾ʱ徲֮УʼԺоػƪˮϵݡ
ǿľָѧϰƪĻƪܿͱڻͨȻ׼
֮ǰȰԪˮϵܵ״̬ͰչļأԪת
ԪĽ룬оһҺڻţһЩϸ΢ı仯ˮԪԡ


163 ˮ
֪һҹĹ֮һԣ־ֱָָ1㡣
ָڵ黻һ£һҹй൱40㾭飬ʵǵòʧ
ѧˮϵûкôģʮ־ϲķ֣ڼ棬һ츳ͨ
ˮףͨˮתɹˮƳɹˮףսʱųˣҴǿҵĸʴԡ
ͨҲ̲סæ˷䣬Ⱥɽ֮зȥҪһ˵ĵطһͨ
һʧڿУٴֳʱѾһСϿա
ˮףһڵˮʱзȥγһתɫˮ
жٵˮע룬ɫˮǲһֱҵֱ
ȻûɵĹˮףüͷ΢壬ˮ׵γٶʵֻ̫˵ƳɣȻսзų
ֹ˼ӣɫˮڲתͣϣһ۵ĺɫ
ھһ£ˮ׵ЧΣ
¶˷֮ɫֱӰеĹˮԶһСɽȥ
ˮڷеĹУûзʲô󣬺ֻһͨһһСɽɽڡˮ׾Ϣ˽ȥ
ţô£ˮûбըüͷѵˮʧˣ
䣡
ûô£һСɽдķ۳ͬʱһ̡
һ磬Щ۳ɢȻͱǰľסˡ
ղʵˮ׵׶ߵСɽѾ׵ʧԭֻһӡΧЩСɽҲÿӿݣĺɫˮڸʴɽڡ
ͨȻӵ˴Ƴ˺˵⣬ûʲôܳˮ׵ˡ忴ǰһĻ
䡪
һ޴ĺЭܲļ֣˻᳤ģȫ˹ڼſڷô飬Ǳ鿴һ¡
е֮󣬸ļһ֮ǰΪǹأ
塣ʲôˣղôôĶǰǸӣΧԾɲϸʴɽڵĺɫˮüͷһ塣ʵ
ƪˮϵ֮Ͼһ츳ͨˮסֻΪˮ׵û뵽ֳôĶҡҡͷЦ
ʲôѾӵ츳ͨѵѾȫѧƪ𣿡һ𾪵ؿ塣
㻹ûѧƪˮϵЩɻؿġ
̽ĵԣľָ8000㣬ԼҪ2000㣬ָܹӰԵĻĵѧϰӦñԼǿ
ƪˮϵҲһҹҲֻͷڻûʼأĿЦ˵
ĵı鲻α֪ԼһֱˣԴܺ;ָĹϵ󣬹ƴ󲿷Ϸϵͳá
ѯһϷУԵĽܣֻϷҵһ仰԰еԣĬΪֵ
仰һҲ̫򵥴ֱ˰ɣΪ԰ûУԾֱӱֵˣ⡭ֱ̫ˬ˰
Ľ㣬ǵһҺ㽻һ¾ɣϲһҹ֮ҶŹҲá˵
壬ллˣЩмĿһۡ
ʱһԵ׾˹Ц˵壬ҿͨҲôȻըҲǲСǺͨͷ䲻ϰ
Ƴһۣʲôû˵ֻ¶һӵı顣
ûмǴĻǸӵλã֮ǰӦһ׶ߵСɽص˵
ɣ׶ߵСɽըôĿӣĻ׾ֱӾͱˡ
׾תͷ壬ͶѯʵĿ⡣
֮ǰȷһ׶ߵСɽҲòźĸ㣬ѾЭʮһĸˣ۹˵̲סЦ
׾һƵվһԣôҲû뵽ʵȻô죬̶ʱ䣬Ѿ
ˣ壬һ᲻Ҫ㽲ƪˮϵٶһô׾۾һĿ塣
ֲˮϵߣҲûãЦ˵
ûãɱҵУһˮϵߵġ׾Щ˵
ռ˵飬ӵתͦ졣ðɣȥרŸǽһƪˮϵҡͷЦЦ
磬תˮϵʱļ˾
Щǣ᳤ľȻҲһˣǻϵôˮϵʲô
壬ҲɲҪְƪˮϵȻĶһЩ಻׵ĵطϣ㲻ߴͽ̣ЦǺǵĶ˵
Щɻı飬Ц˵᳤ˮ˫ϵܣҲܹˮϵġ
ĵĽͣ׹˵ͷ¡
ȷˮ̵Ȼ˵ģ׾Ǹ߱Ŀ𷢱۵İӣеЩۣѲɵȻỹҪӢٽһ飿
İɣĸ̵ĺˮƽһĴѧڲ׾ظ֤
ôһ˵Ҹоˡ˵
Ļ׾һ壬֪жʱʱ̲̿ڽڡ
һ࣬ͷʼڳļ˽ƪˮϵľ֮˵ؼΪʾһ
ŵļˣȫֵԣƪѾﵽ˼ĵزÿһ仰ܹǳĽ
ġĻ׾ˮ̶ˮϵߣͨǳĽ⣬ٽܸȻܹɵ⹦Ҫ塣
һԵȻˮϵߣϾʦŵĹǰһЩҲ׾彲Ķ
׾ȲˮϵߣҲûĽףһԸоʮġ
ˮﴫϢ׾֪Ľȷʵֱؼʦ
ˣһǱˣǻȥ취ô鳹ںϣܻ״̬ɣ׾ЩƵ뿪ˡ
ԼƪҲǼӵʱ䣬Ҫϸ˽ĻҪѴʱˡ
һ࣬һֱߵ࣬ҲŸոսƪɵȼĻҲ൱19ݡ
ʱ䲻ˣƪٽɣǽҲЩһ¡ƪһ仰ͣŷ˵


164 Ĵ
Ŵӳлعлתȥ
岻һ꣬ǽƪƪʵ̫󣬲ǰƪȵģҪѼʱܹꡣ
ڽļʱ彫ƪһ˽⡣
ںԪӤƪȴû⣬˱Ͼûԣмһ磬彲ˣҲ
᳤Ľ㣬ȻһֱûҾͲˣϾˣһҪؼһˡ
˵ĵ˵ͷȥҲУٶȣĻֻҪӵʱ䡣
ʵȥһԭǾǵҩͷ׭ҪûдˣҪȥ䣬ľԴغʵȻҪʱע⡣
Ԫţзȥ
ǬĲֿڣԶ˵϶мֽ֮ɫ
ﻹʣⵤˣüͷʵ
ﻹʮű׼ⵤƻ֧ż죬ֿҩĿǲˣЩҩͨҩģҩͲ̾һ˵
׼ⵤ嶨һ׼ÿⵤܹһöƷ鵤Ѿ뿪ʱˣǬ鵤Ѿûжˡ
Ӹʲôȥˣ㵱˦ϰ壬Ҳж걧Թ
صģ˭֪ʲôȥˡҲû˵
ʱһЦŴ߽ʧ˰塣
˵⼸ôǴءԭһֱ߶أ
߽͹ϲЦӭȥСӻ֪Ҫٲﶼûˡ
Ǹⵤҩĵģ˳żٵ顣ЦŰһⵤݸ
͹˷ֹһƹֿܲҩģһƹⵤʱҲԽԽĬˡ
˷Ǭ֮ȥӹ˾ǱߣǱֻ˼칫ңڲݴ׶Ρ
ΪӶɹٷƹģԹ˾ְԱҵ񣬶ۺ飬ͳƸطӦ
ߵߵߵ
ڲ鿴ͳݵĶٻٻͻȻţ̧ͷ˵
칫ҵŻ򿪣¶վſڡһ΢Ц壬ٻٻǾϲı飬æ˹ȥ
ʲôʱģʧ߰ʱ䡣Ҳ֪Ҵ绰ٻٻǰĵطͣסЩԹ˵
徲ĿǰŮӣɰż˿Σ͸żɬʱһؿ
ι㷢ʲôѽ˼㻰أ嶨ĿٻٻеһҺۡ
ͻȻ££ٻٻͷöٻٻԽ
ٻٻƯ̾
𣿡ٻٻЩߵʵ
岢ûлش⣬˫סգ촽˹ȥ
ٻٻıۣ۽ëϵĲţʾĵĽš
촽ӣ˵嶼ͿʼɬĻȡţ໥֮ۡ
ã֡
ٻٻҵŮѰɣ忴Ŷٻٻ˵
šٻٻֵ߲Ӧһ
ڽ˾齻һ֮󣬶ٻٻ׼һؼҡ
ʵΧαװһ£ȻԪżˣӿдҡڵֱӷɻˮС
ֻһɵñȽöٻٻʱ͵ϵľɫˮʱż˴ӿ¡
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ûȥٻٻ񣬱Ͼ˲ŸոȷŮѹϵȥеԲ˳ĸо
ٻٻͻؼֺ֮ͺն˳ų⳵ؼҡ
ղǸŮѣϳ֮һԵ˾Цʵ
˵ͷЦŵԣȷϵġ
ֲãЩٵɣ±Ǯ˾һԸ̾
ͷ±ǮĻֲŰҲװģĸ̾
˵Ҳǣ˾డ̯һƷĸǾǾҩϼӿడ
˾ʦ͸嶫Ϻһ·ҲţʱʱĻظ䣬ֱߡ
嵽ҵʱǸ˾ʱʦһδı飬ƺܳʱûʵĳ˿ˡ
ȵնºӳʱ˲ͽЩ˵Ŀ˹˵ﲻʲôСӣ֮ǰû
նºһߵЩϵı飬ǽһʣԺ𾪡Ľȵȱ飬һ㡣
ֱźն¼˰ѶؼңЩŻع
ǻ˰Ȼ˵ˣ˼ĶӣûǸ
ôˣ˾ͲˣҲټҪһץһôǹ׬ǮҲһԼ˸ߡ
ӲбҲȥһ˵¡
Щ̸ŵʱĸæ
֣裬һˣһЦݵ˵
ͻɣôණʲô㲻ڼңҺ˸ԲˣҲ˷ѣĸԱߵЩԹ
裬βȥˣڼǡ
ʵλ֮ǰѾˣ۷Ǭӹ˾ֻ֣ҪṩԴУĻû
ӹ˾飬Ҳ׼öٻٻ£һְҵ˹
ں͹ʱܿսʱ˭Ҳ֪ΣѵЩ׭ĸͶٻٻʹãӵԱ
ʱҪϤܵҪǵսܹ٣Ҫȥ
ΪˮϵҪĸʹõˮϵܵӡĻˮϵǵҲܾ
С壬⼸ǣĸʱע⵽ĺնºʵ
Ŷ裬Ҹһ£Ϊҵıڣ𱣻ǵİȫǺն£ָΪĸܵ
ĸüͷһߣʵС壬ǲʲôңԲ˱Һ֣
裬뵽ȥˣôʵһˣôʲôңҪ˵Ҫˣе㲻ȫҾΪŻģ˳ǡ˵
ŶĻǲܳȥˣǮҲģڼҲáҪӣĸæ˵
ĸ˵֮ҲڼסϣͰڰİ˹Ըһ֮󣬾ŷȥ̽ߵϢ


165 
ЩߣﻹǱȽϼɵģĵı߾ôɲֻлصס
ҪЩܵڲͨ˵Ǿһѡ
ðȥ̽ϢĻҪ߿ʼжҲǰһЩ׼
ڵǰ죬һ㶼æ񣬲⹫ŶѾˣǼҵǺܿС
С壬Ҫȥ̫Ѽңȥȥϣоӡʱĸʵ
뵽Ҫȥ̫ѼҵĻҪһȺϵԶ̣ûʲô£վȥõ㶫ȥɣҾͲȥˣüЩﲻʹ졣
һЩ͵̼ңּоеӡ
ӡӣֲֻǳڣһ¸ӵͼ֡
öӡˮϵܵģһ龧Ө͸ɫˮһ䣬ʾ˵Ĺâ
ؼѾˣȴٳûиĸʹӡã֪ʹӡûΣա
һͨ˱ߣôҲûΣյӡ
⼸оѾȫӡĺ壬ȴԲҸĸʹá
Ҫһˡ̾һնºܣΪ˱֤ʵ׼ȷԣֻʵˣ֪Ȳð뿪ˡ
̾һ֮󣬾ͳȥ˹
ϴڹЩӡʱҲ˰ɣǰĹվʵ
ˣСͿˣ˵
ӡͨ˱ߣҪҸĸʹãǲ֪ûΣգҪһЧ֪Ը⣿
Ȼ֪ΥԼоǸ˵ȽϺáҲԵһЩȻȽ١
ܹСʹôĶС͵ңСȻ֮¶ϲ֮ɫ
Ȼ֪ϲ֮ɫǱԼӰ죬Լĵ뷨ٴʱһЩ
ðɣ
˵תصķȥһûʲôˣҪǵȻʹӡʲôĻҲȽ״
أˣóһöӡݸ
öӡڶͷȻ󽫾ŶͷС
˳ӵؽӹӡķԸӡԼĶͷȻŶͷۼ
ԭˮһӡ͵ų޾ˮɫ⻪纣һƻã嶼
ˮɫ⻪İСƤʼ仯ֳһˮɫ·Щ·鲼ȫǰеˮɫ⻪ȫ˽ȥ
̴Լ֮飬ʼı仯
Լ֮ҳʾϣľָﵽ1040㣬һͨ˵һٶ౶
ָҲ˼ʮ㣬160㣬ǳ˵ʮ
ڼ棬һˮϵܣˮϵܺ滹һţдšںС֡
ϲˮɫ·ڵϻԲѵͻȻ˶úܴĿϷ
֮ǰ߹壬Ϸܼߵܣʹ֮Ҳܹܵ
ֻΪԼǲͬһֱûʹÿϷ
ϾӿϷĽ˵ֻܹķ׭ѾݻûеĬΪֵӦû취ٿ˰ɣ
ҲǺܸҿ϶ϾĽҲܼ򵥣Ҳкܶã˭ܿ϶Ϸûأ
ڻԵɾõʵƷͬݻͬܣ֤Ϸãٺʲˡ
ǿڻ֪£ֱóһǿϷϡ
ϿϷûãϷͻ˻ҽͬʱһ⻪ӻҽзɳڡ
ȴĿϷЧʱ򣬵ϵһһ
ˣվһԵ壬æվ˵
ûϵԼ֮鿴ȥֻˮϵܺ棬ѾˡԭġںСˡˮϵ϶3%
ˮϵ϶ȣʲô⣿
æѯϷϣ֪Ԫ϶ȵҪԡ
ʩչܻʩչܵԪ϶ȵӰ졣ˮϵ϶3%ôˮϵܵˮϵٶȶɣ϶ȴﵽ10%Ļһ
ԭϷãЩܹ֮ܣľˡϲ
ûԥֱóһǿϷԼʹãȻ͸оһɣֱԺࡣ
֮оԼˬûʲôоˣϾѾֵ˵ûô
ǹоһͨ͸סıǿ͸оʮˬ
Լ壬鿴һ֮ȴûκα仯ֲĵϸ˼Σڷһط˱仯
һԭϱ仯飨100%״̬Ѿͻˣ飨ں30%
Ԫ϶ȱں϶ȣ鵽ʲôüͷ΢壬ɻ
ڸһԪ֮ҲûȥʲôˣֻҪ֪Ǹöˡ
ǿϷܹ3%Ԫ϶ȣʵں϶ȵĻȴ30%ں϶ȣʵԪȻһģ
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ȴˣǸտʼᴿѪʮĿֲڣ˵ǸﲻЧġ
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һȥһ߳ƺǻ˻֡
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Ǹ֣裬ʲôôЦʵ
㣬ǱãĸһָԱߵɳ
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170 ĸ
𼤶ٻٻҸͬѧϣ׽ĹϵҲŸոȷġæ˵
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С壬㿴춼ȥ˼ҼԷˣʲôʱǸŮһˣҲҺֿĸЩ˷ܵĵ
ʱģʱһٻٻӦ
Ӧңڲʱ𣿸Ҹ׼ӡĸȴǲһףʵ
еЩͷۣѵҵʱ䣬˼Ҳһʱ䰡ڣ˼һҪأ
ʮʱ䣬ʮ֮ڣҪǲ˴ҲûˣĸʮְĻⳡԻ
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ԼҲˮϵܣעתƵǰˮУҲʼŲٿˮ
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֣Գȥƾˮһ׳ۡ
Ļ۾һæߵԺֶˮһУ䡱һϵʯͱɣִˮڿնڿлһצˮ
𺳵ĳ棬˷ܵزٿˮڿвϵչһһ㡣


171 ߻
ĶĸҲ˳ԺϿƯˮ¶˾֮ɫ
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ӵѣĸĸЩջ˾Щˮȫؾ
磬ţ쿪ţԺϿտˣ쿪ҽȥһ˷ܵžҵ˽
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磬ÿҽȥһƿ壬æܽԺĴȴûзκζ
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Ҽǵ֮ǰ˵ľϵܹղϣഺǲǣһ֮󣬶ٻٻ̧ͷڴؿ塣
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ŲٿһЩֲԲٿǵһСһԶԶٻٻ˵

ٻٻЩŵصͷұǰ죬С̳ЩӲݣȻ۾
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Ϊ߹͹꣬Զۻʮֵļ̣κ⣬Ҳûء
ˣҲûڷǬ¥סΪﲻҪԤʽԷǬķֺÿģͳɺ󣬰ѷֺ컮ˡ
ǵİٷ֮һɷݣÿķֺ춼ʮѾһ׷ӡ
ֱ˶¥׼ϢһȻȥμӵҽĻ
صϤסȴЩ˯ˣɴԼ壬ûʲôû顣
ЩӵĻۣľѾﵽ41900㣬ǮҲﵽ48.5ڣ׭Ҳڴ»ԭһȥһǧţҲǼš
ϾǮ˾ô࣬ڷ׭ظڳһĶ˵ڻѾûжǱˡ
ȻԾеҩ׬ȡ飬ȴûж׬ȡǮˣʱӵ48ʲ壬ҪΪǮ
ʱľȻ٣ҪսܣȴԶԶģΪһսΪҪķ10W㾭飬ʮڽǮ
ˣɣܵĻ֪ʲôʱһսܣ20ʲôµ񡣡
̵ť˶ľ飬Ҳļ1519ʱʣ7900㾭飬20Ҫ2W㾭顣
ȻþԽԽ죬ǺҪľҲԽԽֱ࣬޵׶һ㡣
̾1W㾭ģ˵ˡ
˾⣬׼µĵҩƳǸʮıԵҩһǵ嵤
̳йҩģóһ𶦣ǿԪĸ£ܿͽֵҩ˳
ֱԵҩƷҩЧȫ֮ڣӦԣƷҩЧ֮ڣһӦԡ
嵤Чȴ΢Щơ
Ʒ嵤ָ100ʹ10ָ
Ʒ嵤ָ1000ʹ10ָ
ڵָѾ5000㣬Ҳ˵嵤ûáеοǣֵҩڸĸͶٻٻˣвСôġ
ӦóնһЩ嵤ĸָĻҲܶࡣ
ŪһУ׼˯ͻȻһ£ǾǹȸѪ顣
廹10̳沢ûҵѪȼߣ̳ƷҲڲϸ£˵Ѿ˶Ѫ
ʼ̳Ѫȸڵʵͱ廹ǿҪٴδѪʵһǷҲһս
ҵˣ
ŶѪǾϲ󣬾ϲͱơ
һѪһһţڶѪȻҪһһţȻһٱҪҪôڣ
Ѫÿο0.2%ѪŨȣΪ20%ѪŨȡ۸һӡ
ҪȸѪŨ20%ҪȫļҲϣȻһڶȱڡ
Խǵ棬ԽǸо֪ϵͳڽǮ϶Ϊʲô˶ˣԭ֪Ҫûƣȥˣ
ϵͳĽǮԴ޶͵ĽǮϣûͨĽǮϣĽǮϣԻõĽǮϡ
ܵ˵ֻһ˼룬ƾ⣩õĽǮϵͳϡ
ʵ׬ǮҲʱʱȥתתյ㱣ѣӣϵͳð


174 ͻ
ȸѪһҪģǲҪһɣȴ15%ʣµ5%ȵԺǮ˵
˶ʮڣ幺˶ʮŶѪȸѪ15%ȸ˯֮Ҳǵͷ˯ȥ
ˮһıܹסĶǾ޸̣СĻΪһխխСӷһᴩ
һԻŰǽȴǱгУһıǰͣ¡
飬סûκΪǵҵӴӣ˭ҪʱǺԼ鷳
Ͼҵɽҵ˫۵ĳƺţɲԼԷģƾԼʵһһġ
Խǵʱ򣬱ıԽϸ񣬱ϾҵӵĻҪǳ⣬Ҳٸˡ
忪İµQ5յſھͱ
áǰμӵҽıͣʾݷסĻ绰֤һ£˲㣬Ǹ⡣ǸʮòĶ˵
ҵùݸ
ϸؼα֮Ǹֹذݸ塣
ʱˣ
Ǹ˺󼸲վһԹ˵
ĳڱſͣ£Ϳĵҽæ˹
硣ܹұҰҽĿˣҽһĴ⡣
ҽԼʵʵ˵˶;ŵҽ𲻻˵һ˴Щˡ
ʱһԵԬҲ壬æ˹
ԬһЩ˵¶΢ЦҪǰʶһû߹ȥͿԬҲڵҽԱͣ£Ǹİ˵
˭ǵҽһЦݵӭȥԬıͬһ㰡
ղվԶûдչ֪ݣǷĵľ¡
ȻһҶ˵ºƨûУǼǰʲô
ҽȥк˰ɣҾˡ
ҽǽǣȻһֱԼ˵ĸܡ
磬Ҿ뿪һᡣȻԷʱҺСһҪ㾴һƣҪû㣬߲졣ҽһ˵
ˡȥæȥɣЦŻ˻֡
磬׭»гǱѾĲˡҪ͵ÿǹгԬԱ˵
ǾԲгȻ»ʣµЩȥ֮󣬾Ͳˣȵһ˵νЦЦ
һᣬͿˣЩߵǮ׬ҪǳۼսҩһЩװȥܿͿ׬ؾ޶Ǯ
˵ģƷħϵļƷҩöˣϣƿҩĳԪۣħҲͬļ۸ɣ
Ȼֶĳۣ廹ǱŽ̬ȵģϾⶫҪĶˣ˵һ־ⶫˡ
Ԭ˵ͬʱܵһƵĿԱ䵽Լϡ
ͷתԪӿ˲ͽǵĿҵˣǸ˵ģ΢΢Щ⣬Ȼ
һ棬ǴȥѩıǸµȨǽܡ
ʱȨǽܻʴʣҪôˣֻôʱȴһֱûеȵȨǽܵıǽٴμǲûôһˡ
ѧһϲӶߴ̧ͷͿѩվǰϵı˷вżԹ
ѩѧãôμӵҽĻˣѵʶʶʵ
ûУҲʶǡ֪ʶǸӣⳡܻרġѩܻ˵
ȿȣ磬Ǳ߻ңҾˡ
һԬɿ˸˴˵ء
ѩĻҲЩΣʱŶٻٻڼѾﻹһͷԲѩˡ
ѧ㲻ʧôʱ䣬֪֪˼Һ㣿ѩ˫Ŀſ壬ʵ
ѩĻЩ֪룬˵ѾŮˣӦϴʾܾôһŮӣô˿ڡ
ǸҾǻؼҹڣô˵ǲʧأЦ˵
ӦѩһԵȨǽܿһĻӵļʡ
ȻҸᣬúýѵһ٣㱳ٴҲһ鲻ңܰô壬Ȩǽܵﰵ
Ȩǽܺͽ˵ļ壬ǹС壬ȻһЩʲȴûжȨڹҲòǺ⡣
ҾҪϷչ׳ҶϣܹȨǽܽϣΪҹͨ
ѩ̸һ֮ѩĳע£ֻܽ롣
뿪Ȩǽܵ۾һץһŲͲϣβȥ
Ȩǽβһ˲䣬ͲˣЦһתһս֮תվȨǽš
ȨǽܸһתսǣͿЦĿ
ˣҸʲôٴƺЦ
ˣȨǽﵱһһ£һʮְ׳յ飬ѲͲϣȻ巢˹
ȨǽܵĶһղŶˣϹƨð
ұһãֱӽȨǽܵ˫۱ֱǰֱӷɳȥԶ
ҡҡͷת뿪
ȨǽǿӵЩͣôҲû뵽Ȳ壬սҲԶ
ҪҪǿǸ˭֮ʱһսġȨǽܺһʱͻȻԼ֪֡
ȣңң
صʱǵҽеʱ򣬵ҽѡʽԴʱڰá
ʱ洫һǼȫ˽߽ŹŹֵˡ
⼸˴һɫƤƤ㣬ƿĽŸС⣬һ˫íĽƤѥ
ǵϣһźɫסϰֻ¶ͺͱӡ
˭ҵվ⼸֮͡
ִӣܣΪ׵Ǹӣ˵
ҵüͷ壬ҶӵĻǵʲô
ǵĿҪץˣǱҪһˡǸΪ׵ӶԵҵ˵֮תͷһȺȵ£㻹ǻȥ
µ֣巢һ
תͷȥܿҵȺеĽ£ʱһҰ׵վ


175 һU
ôôʶˣȫۼˣüͷﰵ˼
ҶӵĻʲôɲԺٰ죿ҵǼִԱʵ
ҵѵҪԿôֻܸ㣬εܴ¬ίԱҲ֣ҪͷΪ׵ǸִԱЦЦؿŵҵ
˵Ļҵһ¬ίԱڹеĿɽҲֵ飬ҵǿͷĻȫ
ϣܹעһ㣬ҪɲҪĻңȻҶԿʰǼǴ´ġҵɫ˵
ǸΪ׵ִԱɫһ䣬ЦϰôƣҸʺǼʶˡ
˵֮󣬸ʺԵҵ˹֣ŽڵȺȥ
ҵס⼸ִԱЩ;͸˵ˣȫ׷óһ·µΧǿճһȦ
վڿճȦ߹ļִԱϵıг;
ϣº͸ĸһţ׼μⳡ
˭֪ոճţһȺ˾ͻȻ֣ҪץǻعˣװһU̽
⼸˳֮󣬽µĸױûʲôӦ˵U̵֮ɫ̲ס΢䡣
ǼִԱ׼ֵʱ򣬽µĸĸȳ֣סǼִԱýʱܡ
˵ִӣǹеľӢֹСֵܹġ
ֻǶ̶̼ӣµĸĸͱס⻹ΪִԱҪ׽ǣĻͽսˡ
ʱ򡣽ȻѾûӰˣǼִԱǸ˿׷֮£ֻܽҽĻᣬϣЩִԱ˼ɵҵҴѲ顣
ǣýû뵽ǣҵȻҲǼִԱ
Ǽ𽥿ִԱµһһ³ȥҵ⼸ˣ˭ܾ
ִӣţƵӡʱһЩĵ˹
ǼִԱͣס˽Ųתͷķȥ
ҵҲǺתͷȥ֪˭ôĵӣЩҵҶԿȻ˸ҳơ
ҲתͷȥǸ˵ģʱ̲סһֻôԼͷ
ܵ˶ԼνЦЦ
ΪθղŻͷԼЩֻǿڼִԱı£¶Ǹģһˬ
ڽ£ڵ̬һ߳ŭ״̬
ֻҪ뵽֮ǰԼһɵһ˵ɵƣ̾һŭĸоָоȻ쵽˶Խµ̬ϡ
ΣؿŽ±ѹȴ첻Ҫͷ֮ǰ̬ȣҲҪԼ
壬ǿͷǲǵġһ£æ˵
ڽµĻҲûûһ
ǹִôԲ֪ôʺ꿴Ц˵
˵ôôţϴǻһ֪ǱϾһߣôҲе԰ʱǣʲô
ֱվһҡͷһǼִԱȥܶá
ǼִԱû˵Ļ߹ȫЦһ˹
⼸ִԱȭŴǿҵķΧıͷ׷ױɫôصȭţʯֻҲһ´顣
ȴһȤ᲻²̶ֳȵǿߣ̶ֳȵĹͲ
Ųһ̤˲ܵһִԱǰҼһΣֱײؿڣꡱһĹԱֱӷ
һȭһִԱֱ۴ؿڣ顣
ʣµļִԱĹ£߹һУ׷ױɡ
ҽ˰Ǵ˰ɣ￴ŰۡһԿĵҽ˵
ˣǼӳȥ
ķԸҽԥ⼸ִԱ֪ʵģҶûУţ˻¹ˣ
ȻҲǵ£ǹ˲Źġʺǿ֧ӣҧгݵض˵
ȥ鷳ɣҪŻȥҾͲ壡ν˵
ͺʲôûһ»صԼλţûһҪͽ´к˼
ҽĻУڸղŵȫտڲԣʲôûзһԾ˲ʱ͵͵һ塣
ʱ򣬽ɫЩԥߵԱߡ
壬ղллˣ˵
ʲô¾˵ﲻæȤ˵
ҸĸץˣղǼֻһ֣ʣµӦûҼҰѸĸȳһĿ塣
°ģﲻ֪ģȻһ˿С
֮ǰǸ߸ϵŮ񣬴ѧʱĶԼƣȴһĿԼš
ģôоԼҪ̬ˣô뷨ĪĿУҲԼһ
Ļʲôô㲻ҵѵĵðɣЦ
ҡҿԡԼ㡣һᣬҧ촽Щѵ˵
µĻɫһӱѿҲ֪ģһһŭ
ԼǰɣãҪˡŭЦ
˵µҲһ˳ǵʱһɬζɢ
Ԭһ£ʹŽȥ˵˵ɣ˵ִΪʲôҪץǣ·ϵʱʵ
ǼִԱΪץ£ϧҵɼεһСôǽֹСܹմȾϵġ
ǽҸĸʱĿĺһU̡һԵ˵ԵЩ䡣
Ụпǹ˵ĳЩϰ¶ЩȤɫ
ڽµĴ£˺ܿļȻñȽԶѾܹ˵
ֱӴſȥһƿţļſڿվſڵĲǵͬ飬ǼִԱ͵վ䱸Ŀ塣
ȵǿĽʱ֪̾Լͬˡ
ʲôˣʺأһ˽壬ʵ
ѾҽˣǵġЦһ߹ȥ
Ǹ˵ɫһ䣬͵شӺͳһ΢壬۶忪ʼɨ䡣
壬Сģ̲סе
˾;ȵķ֣ЩӵȫͣǰͺסĲӬ
ǹϧ̫СЦһЩӵ׷׷ɻȥЩִԱϣһѪ


176 U
ߣ
ӵǿǸΪ׵˼Ҳû̱ʱһŵĿ塣
ֱŽµĸĸȥ
һжɣǸ¶һ˿Цݣ͵ذϵĳһһĵε
ըԺһ뷨Ԫֱӷųסӣֱȥ
䣡
ǸըһЩ֮⣬ûκӰ졣
µĸĸʱӰţò죬ɳϣųһԪ˿ߣʮɵĽϵնϡ
ߣµĸ׽˸մɳ˫۷Ŀ塣
üͷһ壬ô⣿ҲвߣӦöɣ
ǣʲôô΢΢˵ͷ
һ϶ǺãҿԽ㣬ҪӦһҪ󡣡˵
֡æһԽе
˻˻֣ŮҪ˵Ļ˫Ŀ塣
˵Ļ͸оЩҲŸհȳСת͸Ҫ󣬻Ҫ
ʲôϣüͷʵ
оϣ˳
оϣɱ˸
еŭͨԪչֳһɽ£ѹýһһĿУȫ
˵ϢڹŴĻʵҪ췴һǾԲ̵ܹΪ
ʲôҪ˵ɣ忴Žˣ˵
ֻһҪϣܹڹ˵׷ɱ˱Ŀ塣
ģҴӦҪ󡣡
õĳŵ鷿ҵһ飬Ȼ򿪣ҳڿĵطóһỤݸ塣
ӹ̴֮һԵĵԣ׼鿴Uݡ
Դ򿪺Ụ˫ƶӲͼꡣϵͳȴһʾ롣
룡ͷҲص˵
˵һʮλ룬֮󣬽ƶӲ̡
ӲмļСֱʵϡʵݺʵƵ̿ʼ㿪ʵݣʼ鿴
ΪѧרҵıҵȻ޷оһЩʵݺʵ̣ܹġ
һʵ飬ֱעϸʵһǧˣȻֻ˴0.5%ĳɹʣǵ͵Ŀ
ڶʵ飬ԾֱעϸʵǸ˹ҳһˣһγɹʴɹˣȻﵽ5%ĳɹʡ
һ߿ݣһﰵ˼š
ںݣҲûܹʵߣһֱ5%10%֮䲨ǲʵԭģʵĽӦƽȣĳһдȲ
˵һ⣬ǾѰҳĳɹߵĹԣӦֻǳɹһ֡üͷ
ȻʵУЩѧҲͬƲ⣬ȴûҵİ취
оǼ򵥴ֱϸҪһЩȫоϸҶܸɡ
Щ֮һоϣҲԾͣϸĻϣܹߡ
ȻҿߵǾҪýܳͷ׼һЦU˳
绰ֱӸ׾˹ȥȻ˵ϵʽҲУϤĻ׾ˡ
ι壬ʲô£׾
ôˣûо񰡡Щɻʵ
̫ƽˣˮϵͨˣҲͨˣ᳤Ҳͨˣҵˮ̣ͨˡ׾󰧺
ͨôôǸ߾ܹ򣿺ˣ£ûʲô巭˸۵
ûУһ㶯ûУҪɱˣξȻûκηӦ̫ˣôʱ䣬Ҷеˡ׾Щˬ˵
ỤЦ˵
ʲô£׾ʵ
ڽоѾйٴʵˣѾϰٸˣ
˵֮󣬵绰һĬ׾ɱ˹Ϲ
㲻ˣȥӻϰɣַҵȻöŷ㡣
ҵҲþûˣȺ֪ļһ֡˵׾͹˵绰
ѹܲĵַֻ׾˹ȥ
ʱȶһɣ˽죬ƹ˾Ͳǵ鷳ˡ
תͷŽһҷԸһ
˲ʧԭأ廯һ⣬Źܲķȥ
Ͽû೤ʱ䣬һҵԶ֮һ޴Ľ
ǰ֮Ǹѿ¶׾󣬻̡
壬оʵľ𣿡׾תͷ壬ЦʴЦѪȵɱ⡣
еõỤǵʵ¼ǷUӸ׾
ܺãȻôϲܣǺúüʶʶܵˡ׾˵
ˮ̣ľ̹׾ֱӶԼ˷Ը
ǣˣӦһ
ľ̵ľųֱӴ߶ؼľԪĲľ̷һɫĽݣľ̲һһȥ
ڵ֮ľֱӰư˵ϣһſӷɿ췢ѿ󽫹ЩȫѴݻ٣ͬʱЩĸϵ죬ܿʹ˵»ص컨壬ڻشﲻϻš
ˮǿʼؼˮԪһ𶯣һֵˮ棬ˮֱӲˮ˵ϡ
ˮ
ˮֱӽӿЩˮת˹ˮƺƵŹӿȥˮǿҵĸʴԣһ·Щȫڻڹˮ֮С
ʱ򣬹ҲӦ˹йߴӹܳҪֿˮ̺ľ̵Ĺ
ľ̿ƵЩľһЩȻЩֲٴγǻֿܹ
ˮ̵ĹˮǸû취ֵǵǵ壬ֻҪӴǺɫˮͻᱻʴܺ͹ϵǿ
ʱЩеĸ֣Ҳӵ»гˡ
Ϊ׵ˣһɫ۵ӣһŹϵı鲻ŭΧĹˮֲ¶ŭɫ
ʲôˣȻһķѵͲЭĸ𣿡ǸӲûмų֣ǳˮ̺ľŭ
Ȼ̵ģΪߣڵҵġ


177 ˳
أһΪֻһأû뵽ĵӾȻ˴󣬸ڰܵоʵ飬һС㰡
׾һЦţһߴӿһһÿһһĽ£ס塣
ʦ׾ƿ塣еļˣصɫһ䡣
ΪյֶܶѾչֳܣټܵʣһƿߵš
ԭλЭĸֽ٣ֻδ˵ɣɫ»ָƽ弸˻˵
ֻǿθ˶ѣȻҽоǾø׼׾ɫ˵
оֽɣǹȻǲܴģ֪˵ûȷе֤ݣû֤ݵĻҪһ͡
һ˵ţһ߻Яĳ֮ϣܲһĨһ֪һý
ǿӲ̬ȣЦ׾ӹǸỤ˻Σ˵ǵִӽʲôȥˣӦɣɵǣˡ
صɫ˲ﲻϰЩִԱһôûУȻU䵽С
ڿǸU̵һ˲䣬ؾ֪ˡ
أ㻹ʲô˵𣿡׾Цʵ
˵ǡȥɣ˵һʱ򡣱һӱеĳ͵ǻӳ
ƹ⻪ڿգ׾ն
׾һЦվԭأû˿֮ɫԵĽ͵غ缸׾Ҳࡣ
̵һţЩ˲һ޴Ķƣǰ
ȻʮϾޡֻǽǽնһ룬ͺɢڿˡ
ǣʱ򶼾ҲѾ˹еĳһ㣬ڿлһ켣׾ĲĨȥ
׾Ļ̤ǰһ˫һţ
ڶصΧΧȵ¶ëϵ·Ҳȼ
֣ŭһΧһ޴ĽɫӰУʱΧȵĸ¡
гһ𣬼׾ȥ
ˮУˮܣ
ʱһԵˮҲˣˮйסеĳתţܿͽŤ黨صұҲƤѣѪɳ
ӳ֣ƣŭһԳӰ첲ϵļеĳ͵شˮС

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ʱĶأģΪңͷϵ·ƶұͨͣһЩطԼɼ׹ǡ
أ˵Գʵʮֲ࣬ڿǲһЩҶ򲻹˵Ǽˡ׾Цų
׾Ҳż¡˵ŻĶأͻȻûô
˼֮󣬶صɫ͵ܿͻָ
ʵǿĹ߾鷳϶Ѿ־Ҫƾ鷳డ׾̾
ֻҪϽһ̵ľƣҪƶأǺܼ򵥵İɣһЦ˵
һ۾ͿȻ׾սҲǣס󲿷ֵľ޷ٿƶεǿߡ
Ļ׾˸ۣûиҺò׼̣Ϊôûõһֲɵӣ
ɫ֮˫ض׾ŭʵ׾ղžȻҪң
ղ׾ȻûܿǳǼӣҪɱĻʱ仹ʮֳġ
Ҫôˣô׾мƲƲ졣
뵽ԼղŲͳΪ׾ūߵĲǲصʱŭ
ȫɣЭȻѾţǾֻƴһսˡؿ׾ˣǾ֮ɫ
ػһ䣬˴ӵ»гЩ˵ϣܹظܵź˵ȫߡ
Щ֮建ƮӸµؿȺˣֻҪѡЭᣬλܣǲ׷ǣѡֿôǵֻ
廰䣬һ޴Ļڿն𣬿ȥ
ȥɣӵģƾʲôܣҪҳɱ˵һһߺţһ򲻶ӳ
һ㣬Щ޴Ļ׷Ϩ
ΪʲôЩɵӾãԼ޵أҡҡͷһεı顣
ֶǸһָӡ
һɫˮͻȻ֣Ǹ󺺰棬һ͸ײһһöɫһķӡӺɫˮзɳ䵽С
һĻЩȫɫ䣬Ŀг˿־塣
ǿѡˣѡ˳ǼֿĿȺߵһɨ
ע£һЩĬȻߵһվԼ̬ȡ
ҸΪЭĹǾرҵģɫĿȺߣҪֱǰɱǡ
Ȼ˵ǿǵȥĳɹļʣ֮ûɱ㣬ֻΪʵˣȺУһ˵
ĻһЩߵҲʼҡ
ؼæֻɱǣǲпܻҪȻ·һ
һЩص̷ԼǿĹ£ЩҡҲ˹С
һЦԪųЩȫɨһա
ʳָٴ㣬ĺɫӡˮ֣ЩȫӡУ󣬼ʮö˸΢΢⻪ӡӺɫˮзɳƮȥ
һĻֱӾɵˣôҲû뵽ԼڶߣȻһȫˡ
׾ʱҲЩ㶣֪ʵǿҲǿ̶Ȱɣʮ߾ȻһɱҲ򼸸غϰɣ
СආѾˣغǸоҾͽˡ建شӿ£׾˵
ǲܰѶΪūˣĻǾɱ˰ɣ
׾һ䣬ؽµĵ͵ƿ޾ĺɫˮ˳ͽŷĶ͵Ծˮ漴һˮȥ


178 ߳
еĳһӣһӽЩƹˮնϣǳûڵϡ
ȻûһѿĴֳ
ظոնΧ޾Ļ˳ͽΧС
֣֮£ֻٴʹ֣ʱסΧµĻ档
ȼŻһȦһȦزھ޴Ľϣ²ɽӵ
ܵѾҪ֧ŲסٴýֱΧĻɨһգΪ֮һ塣
ݣ
һƬĽƬɹж˶صĲӡ
ؿ׾ǲʣͷ­ڵأѪӿһڵϡ
ǸղҪſ㣬Ϊ֧ôʱôЭᣬǲ׾мƲƲ졣
黹ûأиʵҵȥ㴦ˣҲôЩ߻ȥˡһԳѵ
ðɣȥ׾˵
׾̣ҡڵŵ»ȥЩ˵ĹߣȫʵվһԣͷҲ̧˵׾ˡ
濴ЩߣʮӣͿ׾һĴӵ»˳
ôˣ
׾ɫ֪ղ϶ʲô顣
Ȼܲ·ٸ˵׾Щصض˵
˵ͷ
󣬽̲ٿŽеߣЭܲȥΪЩߵʵԻȥٶȲûж졣
󣬸ղ淢ʲôˣ׾ʵ
Ĳֻй˽оһһģо֯һɡǸ֯ĺվŵǡ˵׾תͷ壬ң
һо֯üͷ
ڵ»ʵ棬ץʮоĿԱĨȥǼ֮ǰ˳ǵļ䣬ȴҷһ顭
׾ĽɫҲǱԽԽء
ֹʵҵǸ˽γǴһо֯ӳġǸ֯棬ҲһСɫ
Ǹ֯˹ߵֶѾʮֳ죬ɹѾﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮʧܵǰٷ֮ʮ֮СҲаٷ֮ʮǱߡ
γڻԵɺ֮±ȣڶص֧£ʼо
Ȼγߵ̺Ǹ֯ȫһǽȴǴྶֻͥ0.5%ĳɹʡ
ھ˼֮γˣǸ֮֯ڿ϶̡֪
ȻʵʺܸߡΪ߹˵ʵȴȫȻγ顣
Ϊʵɹʣ°һЩɢ˺͹С壬ǳ䵱ʵƷ
Щ°ĹУһһԱˣҵؿధϣܹһ
ҪǷǸԱˣʵҾмĿܻᱩ¶صȻͬ⡣
ˣΪ˷ֹϢй¶ػԱҲץ׼ҲΪʵƷ
ǶذһǣûȡԱȨޣǸԱȨޣӱĵط˳ҽеʵȫһUС
UҲõU̡
׾˵֮ҲͬĲ²⣬ȹ˻Ҫǿ֯ЭᣬҲֻйˡ
ô忪һԵ׾ʵ
ɻ᳤ɣ׾̾һ
һᣬѾЭܲׯ԰˽Щߴ֮׾ɽطȥ
׾սңͿ⼸ѾصˣʱҲֻͨͶ
壬ʮ˵һ°ɣ׾߽λϵķĿ˵
еõһỤ¼˹˽оʵ֤ݣһȥʵң˵ҲΪжɱˣ
׾Ļڳļɫȫޱ仯оַܾǵȨ棬ǲˡĴ๼
ڻǸʵҵʱȴһΪϾ飬һΪǿо֯ڰߵĳɹѾﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮ
׾˻һ˵ɫȫˣٷ֮ʮĳɹζʲôζŶԷ׵ǧߣЭḲ
˵ɱڣ˵ľͶӰʱҲɢǿѹ
˵Ŀȫ˷ģֻһ£ͼǸо֯
Ȼ׾û˵ÿһﶼף˹֮⣬ûκܹ齨ǿ֯
Ĭ֮󣬷̾һ˵飬ȶһ£飬ȴûа㻺͵ذɣ
ǣӦһȥ
òǻлתͷ˷һۣʵ
ˣҿţʲôӡ
ĵĻ˵˵ͷջ˸Եľ
弸˳ɽ֮תͷ׾ʵСʮǸ֯Ļ
üɽ׾һԺеϢ˵
ãǳ
ŭһֱӽܻ״̬һž޴Ļ͵üɽȥһβ
˼˵ͷȻýԼ棬Ŷüɽķȥ
Ҳ߰ɣ
Ԫųס׾Ȼһ˲ƣʧԭء
ÿһ˲ƶʮľ룬ҲǴӣÿһ˲ƶҪ500Ԫ
żüɽȥʱյ˰ﴫϢѾʼˡ
üͷһ壬ôƫƫѡʱأȻѾҪˣھͲ̫ʺϺ͹ҷ
Ůб䣬ڲȥüɽˡ
һ˲Ƴǰ·ϣɫصض˵
סҸʲôʲôҰǸ֯˵ŭض˵
ʱ򣬺˼Ҳ˹סҲһɻͣ
ʲôˣ
Ѿ׼ˣмٸߣ׼Ӷ뻪ģҾӦȥ֧Ԯǧͤ建˵
ô֪ѾˣԾЩ˵
ǱҵǼūͣǿǻʵˣϢٺòˡ
ͣ˶ղŵĻҲ˸˾ŷ֡
Ȼ߶ˣȷʵʺϺ͹ҷʾһ»᳤ɣ˼˵ͷֻ˷ġ
˼˼һ֮˵Ǽһʱ׼֧ԮˣǸо֯飬̸̸


179 Ļ
һ޾ĴϣһͧڿŻĵķʻš
ͧϣʱһȺι״վ棬Ϥ׹Ӣ۵˿һĻһһϳЩ˵ݡ
̾ˡ֩ףﲻԣ֩ô
Ⱥ˾׹оʱĳɹôʱ䣬Ҳʮһ߶ѡ
Ѿͨ׹оѧߵķѾһߣȻĻֻʮһߣͲ˶
ʮһߵԭζĳӢۣ̾˸һĴڣߣǵ汾
ǿ϶ܲôˣҲʮյٶȣ̾ȻŭԽʵԽǿҲѾޣҲ˲̶ͬȵ
ֻ֩֩ûκˣӢڶʱ򣬾ͻĪʧܣ֩Ȼʱʧܡ
Ϊ˳Ӣ֮ʮһȫʮ˷ܣټоȺ˵ϴԣʮһ˾˳س׼Σа֯
ͧŻʻȥʱŷ޵һǱԭյĴų۵˴ӳǱ߳
ֱ߳Լ˺󣬲û˼ǱĴҲرա
һǰЩ˽ߡԶʻȥ
ǸǱԶһСɽϣﻺջԶüͷ
Ǽ˵Χ΢΢ЩŤǾԲһսʿɵģ½߾й
ճΪ֮󣬾ᱩǣһЩ½߾ͻƲסԼľ¾йΧԪӶɿŤ
ЩߣøӳأΪڼСʱ֮ǰѾдԼİٸ뿪ˣټεٸߣѾдԼ߰ٸ߳ˡ
ٴϵ壬
Эܲʱ׼֧Ԯл˵壬ʱ˰Ϣɫ
壬ôˣı飬һԵ̲סʵ
ŷǱٴдԼٸ߳ˡ˵
ʲôȻ˶ѵ׼Ǿһսôŭ˵
ɱ١߰ٸ޻أҵҪ߻м߰٣һĨ⣬ɱڵ˵
᳤ЭЩӦüѪˣΪ˱ĵģǻԵҫġ˼Ļ͸һЩ
һ٣ɫɫЭǧˣʲô˶УټӵܣڳˣһЩ˾Ϳʼ˵ҲŰԵĿˡ
Щ˵Ҳ֪ȤȻСϣȴӲԭԵĴټߵϡ٣һֱĳͷҲǲء
Щˣ˼ʮֿۣټϴʱȷʵҪֵʱ˼Է顣
˼Ľ飬΢룬ӦЭЩߣӵȷǹ̫ˣǸսһߵսˣһ˭Ըӣ
ĵĻ˵üͷȫûԸ¡
ǵжĻȥɣսԲб֮ݣǴȺսĻȴҪʱעչǣܻΪǵۣԷĸס
ɣ忪˵
⵹ӢۣзӡֵֻҪԵһ룬˲ܷӡȷǴӵѡ˳㻹ջһЩӡ
Ŀһۣ˵ͷ˵ðɣ壬Щ߾ͽˡ˭Ҫ֧ԮĻǰȥ
һСϣǧͤڵĴˣĿ
ͻȻ۾Զĺƽ棬Ŀ͸˺ƽ棬˸ңԶĵط
Ϊľϵߣǧֲܹͤ۲Χϵк嶼ǧͤ۾
ղŻ᳤֪ͨңİٶŶӦþȺ˰ɣʮһô£
ǧͤǴϣ׹ʮһӢۣʱںŷ޵İٶսš
ղ˫֮ŷЩߵ쵱ͱʾʮһӢ۰¡
ΪʮһӢʮŭǸոջǿ׼а֯磬⼸ٸ˵Ȼ
̫ЦˣȺ˲ӦЩӢôҪ˶ԷͺЩӢӾֳһͿЦ
ǣ˫ոռ漸ӣͿʼ˼ҵս
ӵгӢǼˣʵȻ˲٣ͨߣҪǿöࡣ
ɽկ˲佫ٶȼӵ󣬽Щŷ߳ײ˸Դĺˮʼӿ봬У󴬻³
ɽկŮɽկ̾˺ɽկʯͷŷߵ֣ʼƻԭͿʼ³֣˲ɷ
ɽկ֩Χŷߵֲס´ܶ˿һͶȥ
ʮһɽկӢ۵ĹЩŷֵ߱üΪ侲ֻ³ɽկ̾˺ɽկʯͷ˶ִƻȫǾվԭأ޶ԡ
֩Ͷ˿ʱҲֻǷԵܣЩ˿䣬û
һȺСֻǴ֣һȺļһֶҡһɽկ֩Ц˵
޴Դʮ־ţأǸŷ쿴ʮһɽկӢۣ˵
һԭ˿ڶŷߣ˲䶯ܳǵϿգȻѸγһ޴Ĺ֡
ʮһɽկӢ۵Ĺȫ档
ʮ־ţУŷ´
ϸĹ֣ȵ¶ȣʮһɽկӢ۲ȥ
ֻ˲䣬ղŻҫʮһɽկӢ۾ͱס
ʮ־ţΣ
ŷǸ޴ĹֻΣһֻ񣬽İٶ˫һģŻľڷȥ
͸忴һеǧͤҲǲ̾ǿļԣս߾ӣ
ֻɹһСϿյʱִմɿĽֻȻȥ
䣡
޴Ĺݻľڵҳһ޴ĿӶ
ûЭͬ⣬Ǿ뻪ľڣЩף
ǧͤ˵Ż˳ϹЦЦݣɱ֡
ԭЭĵĸ֣ľǧͤŻ߳ǧͤŷ컺˵
ûгû뵽ʶңҲǵԼսҴ߰ǧͤüëǸ°ڰߡ


180 ֮
Լ֮սУıȻʯһ貶ĿǧͤûʲôֵýսɣǸЦ˵
ҾǵдһѪսǧͤЦһ˫һӣɭðųеİٶ߲ȥ
ʮ־ţأ
μˣͬʱ´һĹٴγ֣ڿУһٴγһ֡
Ǽӹȥ̽ǧͤʵҲ𵽵ˡ
վڶػеİ죬Ц
׹ʮһɽկӢۣţǧͤķȥ
ָ֮ʮһɽկӢѾ˲ȥЩ˱ˣʱ˫ͨĿǧͤ񿴵ɱһ
Ϊ֮ʵͻȻǣĳޱҲ֮ǣǵѾȫûˣʱǵֻһͷǾɱǧͤ
ɽկ֩˫һţʮǧֹͤȥʮǧͤҽ档
˲Ŵǧͤǰʮȫס
ꡱ
һ׳ɫֱҶôźХķǧͤԴȥ
ǧͤ˿ʳָɫֱϣԭʮ㣬ֱۡ˲ɳڣĴ
ɫֱѿ˿ڣֲ˳ȻЩֲܿԴԴϵֲ
𣡡
ɽկ̾ŭһֱӰԼұקһȫµĸ첲ͷɿ˳
䣡
ɽկʯͷ˽ŮǧͤԱߣ޴ʯȭǧͤԴȥ
ǧָͤһ㣬һô׳ĴѸɽկʯͷ˶졣

ҵĻŸֲǧͤ˹еɽկԾɲŻ档
ϵġǧͤЩˬ
ǧͤ˸ָʮôЩ֦ɼ䣬޴Ĺʵ
ܵΧĻ֮ЩʵŻĭΧĻϨ
ʱһɫӰӷɿĻȻһȭǧͤϡ嶴
һĻ׹ǼɽկӢϾһϲȻûϵЦɢǾͿ˲˼һĻ
ǧͤ˿ڿϡɽկֱҲһ𣬲˿ڴ֦ɽկƶȥ
һĻɽկ¶˾֮ɫҪ룬ȴ鲻̻ȭٴǧͤźȥ
ǧֱͤѿһɽկȭͷ˹ȥɽկҲϡ
ʱϸСҲɽկ˳ϵĸֿ׶ڣ֮ЩϸСɿɽկֻʣһѷĩ
⼫ΪֲһĻʣµļɽկӢ۴һӳޱ˹Ǿؿǧͤ⡣
ǧͤؿڵ˿գۼָԭ״·ϻƶղܹˡ
ľ棬ƾǿͿڲ֮أĲǿֻϧ̫ˣҪʮ־ŵķأûһ˿ԣЦ˵
ǧͤսʱЭܲĻ棬ҲٿŻ顣
ȳİٸӦѾﵽˣǧͤûзǵټתͷʵ
ǧͤľͶӰʱһеģȫڽս
ĵ⣬ЦһҲǵټѾʼǽˡ
ʲôѾʼսˣ㾫ͶӰʲôջȥȫעսüͷһš̲ס˵
Ȼǧͤʵǿ󣬵ĶֱϾİٶߣͶӰ￪ᣬ˭֪Ǳ߻᲻ʲô⣿
İɣİٸߣҪҳȫǧͤ˰֣벻˵
ǧͤģĺ뵽ʲôЦʵľ棬ǸӦǲѾзɹˣ
ûҵķ֮ѾоɹˡǧͤΪ԰Цŵ
֪֮ʲôлˣȫǵһȻİӦоɹˣ
л˵ģǵȫһ棬֮ʲôôǼ¶ģ
֮ҪǴĻ仯ܵҲӦѾ˰ɣ
弸ɻģЦһľķ֮һķ
Ϊ˵ǧ֮ͤʱ򣬶ǸСϵսҲǽ˰Ȼ׶Ρ
غϵսǧͤѾ׹ǼɽկӢȫ𣬶ֻǶڹ֮УҲ֣һֱﾲؿš
ֵˣǧͤתŹеȺˣ˵
ʮ־ţܳЦһ´ս
İٸͬʱ˫֣һ޴ĹͷγɣתţȻǧͤһ
ڹǰǧͤʵǿҲûа취ܣؿֱӱһֵ˿ڡ
Ȼʮǿ󣬵ǶȴûжáǧͤЦ˵ŵ˿Ҳ˲Ȭ
ΪҸղڹ۲ʲôĻָȻǿ󣬵ȴҪķѾҾͲһ˵ľܹİٸ˻Ҫǿ˵
Ҳûп
ʱһӺϴĺۼһһǧͤԶ
ҾÿԻǺܴģϾҲвٵķ
ǧͤٴδһĺϴβһǼʮͬʱ
תͷͿʮǧͤͬʱ
㡭Ȼֻһ쿴ǰǧͤŵʵ
˵ǣҲ˵ǣΪÿһҵı壬ÿһʵ൱ǺʮĸսʮĸǧͤͬʱЦ˵
ǧͤʱоķ֮켸ʮͬʵķֻҪһûǧͤͲ
⼸ʮǸһĬȻҡͷЦһΪһεսӮˣǿʵ֮Щȷˡ
˵ʲôˡʮĸǧͤͬʱһȻֲӵصðǸ޴Ĺֲƹȥ
ǲȷʤҲȡⳡսʤʮ־ţ׼Ǹŭ
֮Щ˵Ķһ٣ǵ͵رǿҵĹâ貶Ŀ
һɹǿĹܿʼײɢ˵Ĳ


181 ɻ
Ҷʮĸǧͤͬʱŭ汻ƿΥʶ½˳
޴ҶӭչǧͤǰĿռȫס
ЩӿĹ͵ر˲ϯʮﷶΧڵһУΧڵȫɻңҲճ˲״
ʮ֮ЩâȻԾ貣ȴѾû˶ֻʣ´Ŀǿ⡣
ȵеĹâɢȥİٶȫʧԭأǸҲûѡ
һƬ֮Уȴ޴ҶǿţҶӿ֮ǰҪ䣬˾޴Ľ
ʮĸǧͤҶ˳ɫ΢΢ЩףȻղŵһҲٵľ
ѵֲ֪Ϳûŵùң㶺ˡǧͤЦЦʮĸɢһСء
ֻҪһľͲսǱⶼǿһС˵ĵҲ̲ס¶һЩĽ֮⡣
ĵĽͣǼȫ¶˺Ȼ֮ɫ
ӵмʮʵͬķ˵ľһ˶Եʮ֣ͬʵ̫ǿˣ
ٴȻоһУֵž͸óȥˡһԵһЦ˵
ǧͤޣһ˵ڲֻʮĸһû취սʤ㡣ȹһʱ䣬ҵķ֮ǾͲһˡ
ǼӿЦ˴ʱǲסǰ˵ʵж
ӵʮĸ֮ǧͤȻ޷սʤޣô޸жǿڶлһĻ᳤ижǿ
ʵ֮󣬾ԼսģǴʱȴЩҿ϶ˡ
ǵԵĻ޵ľָҲǧͤ˵ӵʮĸǧͤӦܹ޵ġ
ǧͤȴ׿ڳϲʱ޵Ķֻ֣һֿܣ޶ܵӦĶ֮ԷӳԵս
˳ĬʱǧͤͻȻڵİٸŷߣѾˣ
Ϣ輸һȻǧͤʵҲ˸̵˽⡣
ӸղſսڣŲʮӵʱ䣬ǧͤȻѾİٸߣ뺷ʵһչš
ͻȻЩأΪڸղšһδϢǸǱ֮Уٴγٸ۵ߡ
ٸ߳ˣͻȻڣ˵Ŀⶼ˹
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ǵ˼ǣΪ˶ԸǣѾʼĳַߣĻ˵
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Ǽ߸֣ѾܳޱܵӰ죬ӦòôӰɣЩɵ˵
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ߣǰȥڻ᳤ǰҲС㻹ȵԼɣŭһм˵
Գֲסǻ᳤ֳֹЩԱܹ٣֪ĵĹǿ󣬵Լĵ̷ųôǿĹ𣿡
˵˼ǵɫȴͻȻˡ
㣬ֻ޷ͨӦźűˣһԵ׾ֻ
ড߽һ˫һȣ޾İɫɽУнӴĶȫȼ
ǻȥ
˫һģһɫ⣬˲ʧԭء
˼輸ҲǺ޺޵ؿļֻһۣŭ´ԽȫΣСˣ
Ҳǿһָۣ˶Ҳûʲôһ׷ȥ
뿪Ӱ¶ı飬Ц
ʱһԵδ˹һŭɫʵô£Ϊʲô߹Эܲ
Э᲻վĸ󻼣ǵʵ̫ǿֻ̻ˣڿЧ񻹲
һֱӿſסĲӣ
ԺٸţҾɱ㣡
˵֮εڿն뿪ķ׷ȥ
ʹĲӣԶȥıӰЦǺǺǺǡ
ڿٸ·ʱ򣬺ȻеԭǰϺͻȻʧžͿδӺ׷
ҲãҲգܲϮҲ֪顣һǰĿһ߶弸˵
ߡŭһûٶȴּӿ˼֡
˿֮ǿһֱ٣ֻǻ˼ʮʱ䣬ͻصЭܲ
úԶʱǾܿɽµƬׯ԰ʱѾƻֻʣĲк
ɽصķ򣬴ʱ죬кͲҽС
񸸣Ȼ͵ϮЭᣬ˽գҾͰŷ޴ӵͼĨĵŭңң
װķ룬;ɣһڽһֱĵ񸸹ЦţһҲķĵı
ǷɵɽڵСɽϿգͿΧֲһɫĺһСİɫڲԾ
Զģһȫ۰ˣʱһ߿ƶһķ
ǵ£ʮڽɱǵʵȫ϶²һεĸ֡
ÿЩ߷Ĺܵסֲҷ̫ǿĹ»ᲨЩЭĳԱ
һĻȫĿѣŭһ׷Щ߷Ҳ˫Ŀͨļս
ɫؿһĻֻ̧𣺡Ǹӡ
ĺɫˮ֣Щȫ棬˼ָ֣ڷӡɱΧڣ˵Ⱥˡ
һӰȫؿſе壬ЩҴߣһ󻶺
ԭһֱڷΧߵ񸸣һĻһ٣ҵķ̰Űɫӵϡ
ŰɫһӴ񸸵壬̾ͽΧȻ񸸵Ϳʼϵıըֻʣ±׹ŵһͷ­һ⣬˲ʧԭء
ףٺ֮󣬱޾ıʹϮһ͵͵Щߣһͬʬ壬һĬĬᡣ
磬ԲҡһǰЩʹ˵
Ѿˣ֪㲻֪顣ڵʲô˵ģתͷָŵµȺߣʵ
Բ𡭡
һ壬ԣҵһУΪ˹ҵ棬һ˵Ӧ顣֮齨ЭᣬҪƿԼˣٳΪǲеһԱЩ𣿡Ļ˵


186 ƵĹЧ
磬ЩҶףʵҴҲûҪȥЭᣡκȻϵһöŦۣŷ˵
ЩɻؿΡ
ε¶Цʵ֮ҪЩߣҪ氢ӯϴ֮˵ҲΪϱװ
ûдĨŷޣǲǻ˵ʵ̾һ˵
磬ӯĳһҪģᶨ˵
İɣһβǷŷҶҪӵĨתεļ򣬻ɭɱ
˼Сʱ֮󣬷кѾʰϣȫվ˷ĵǰķлҲ˻
ܲưܵģл˵Ҳȫɱڡ
᳤ͳƽѾˣʮˣһٶʮˣһ룡׾ʮֳص˵
ĵɫ䣬һԲֱϵ¶˫ռš
Ǽȥץļ壬ҲҪ䳹׻ŷ޵߾ͽԸˣҪ֪κжô¡ĶһԵлԸ
лƵӦһתҪż˸ȥüɽ
ʱȻоԼһȥҪȵΣա
һ£̳סˡ
壬ôˣЩɻؿ塣
ģԤδҵʱ䣬һԤ⣡˵ţһʹһ鿴ˡ
֣⼸ˣһǿķģΣգм˵δʾǱɡ
̹ʮơԼѪһ飬Ȼʮһֱݸˡ
еõıѪ֮󣬿԰һαܽǴ͵ط
ĽܣȫЩؿеƣġ֣бĻ֮⣬ûʲôĵط
塣óʲô˼ѵһλΣգ̲סʵ
ǼֻпΣգǼǱɣ˵
˵еһΪʲôҾӣ
ˡϰɣб޻
˵ţ͵һѪϣȻѪաϹâһһ˷ĵڡ
˼ˣҲ׷ʹơһı仯
ɣСעⰲȫķԸһ֮͵ð棬һβȥ
οܵİ£ǵٶȲӣʮ֮ٴ˶üɽ
ʱѾһߣͷŵЩףԾɽȼš
ſһЩɽϵİ׾ͷɽȻ˶ǣһܡ
ȻЩҲûдѵѾ˴˵أЩɻʵ
ȥ֪ˣ˵Żһָǰɽڡ
ɽѿͲӿһڵǰŵȥ
Σصµû֮أ˼һȥһԱߵʵ
ȷһ֮أȽҲһôǾҪҲʮֵͣƴ󲿷߶ܹõϡһ˵
ҲãܲǴ֮ǿܹõϵĲȼˣ֮ظʺЩͨʹá˵ͷ
һ·ȥܿ˵»Уһ·ûпһߣ׾ҿ˿˵ˡ
ΣȥǴ֮ؿɣĶ˵
ߣӦһǰ·
ڴ˼֮ǾһȾ޴Ľ֮ǰ
Ƚһһƽ״Сʾϣνַȥͬʱ˵š
ȻȽŲûд򿪣ǽ¶ٸСףǹܣǷ
˼Цһ̤ǰһӣЩǹܷ׷ȻŻҲƶͬʱһӦǳ֮Ķ˼ݻˡ
ҵȨѾȡˣγ˵
Ŧ۵ʱ򣬾Ԥϵܻᷢǰ
Ѿˣôʲô׾ֱ˽ȥ˵
ҵȨޱȡ˵ϣҽôΪʲôֱӽը٣ټ֮ǰ˵ǴΣգţӦγ˵
ɨһ£֪ʲô𣿡׾һ˵ţΧɨȥ
ãûһ׾ɫͻ䡣
ȻжΧͻȻһǿҵıը޴صһжȫݻ١
ǿлҲǲȻɫ䣬ܻ״̬ܹܲӵҲδ֪֮
ڼ˵ǾΪԼɵʱһɫĹâͻȻγһ֣ǵâһǾȫʧԭء
üɽؼٹԶһطͻȻЦ
ǹȻȥ˻أһֵĺ˵ϾװãҵҪôӳ
Ƶ壬ߵϰߣѾϰþ̽ΧֻҪǵľ˺˵֮̾ͻὫ
ּ⾫װãǵһԱзˣҲ֪װõĴڡ
ȥ»أ֮Ƿˣû˵ĻǾؽ»ءЩ·Ը
˵֮Ŀ¿˶üɽķ
ǵʵǿҲֻܱŪڹ֮䡣ﲻЦš
ڱըֻ֮оһУͷ֣ԼѾЭܲׯ԰УΧлˡ
ʱлҲع໥˿һĬ
һҪǰƣһҲӲ
壬ллˣҼˣлߵǰʮ˵
壬ллˣ
ζˡ
Ҳ׷׹лر׾һ˺˵û壬ͽ˶ˡ
ˣ᳤Ǳôˣղſ˵᳤һҲΣյġͻȻʲô
ĻȫĿתƵϡ
壬᳤һĻΣôƾŻ᳤ʵûĶְɣЩɵʵ
İɣ᳤ΣգҲӵһġο˵


187 ͷ
ʱķϿգƮƻ˸֯һĨӵɫ
ʰܲоֵļСʱŷ޵ЩЭԱѾȫ뿪ˣʱѾҪٹ˼ʲôˡ
Уһˮϣתţͬʱһǿˮм֣˲佫ˮѹ۲ɼ
Ƿˮϵ֮õͨˮ
ͬʱһŰɫˮΧ֣ˮŰɫɢȵĸ£ͬʱһɾ޴ѹʩˮ֮ϡ
ŰɫǷϵõͨס
ֶһ𣬾γһֲֿķӦ˾۱䣬Ͼ൱һź˵
˾۱ҪȵĸºͼΪֲѹƾԼˮϵߣҲ޷쵽ġ
ǻ֮ͨһеĲܾͱ˿ܡ
һĻҪԼк˾۱䷴ӦͺһͨҪᶯǧֵǲܵ顣
ĵõ֮ͨ󣬾ͨ˵õһδƼĻȻǲδƼĻ׵ؾ⼸ǧ
֮ǰֻлϵͨʱ򣬱׵ĸ¸ѹֻǿܹﵽ˾۱ķӦǴʱټˮͨѹѾʮɵĽк˾۱䡣
̾һֱӽŰɫ¡Ȼתٷȥ
䣡
һ޴Ģ𣬴Ŀİ׹˷ȥ޴ĳΧϵӡ
ȵըನȥһзȫʧʣµֻжϱڲԫûڵϲϰ
㽫״ӵͼĨķģ˰Ͽգһź˵ݻʱʥ֮ա˷ǰӢȥ񸸱
鱨Ա̽飬񸸾;סӢһСԷĵٶȣû೤ʱ䣬ͷɵСõϿա
СãĵĿٴγ˱䣬Ϸɿĳˮףʱ䡣Ƴһ˵
ʱĽд񸸵ĸЦ
װķ룬ٶȻǿⰡǶ̶̼Сʱʱ䣬ͽҰܵļʰˣ
⼸仰񸸴ӽ֮з˳
֮ǰֻʣһͷ­񸸣ʱѾȫָ˹һྻۣһ֮ǰǱģ
ָֻûд۵ġӵܵߣܴȻҲָܻҪġ
Ȼĵ۾ɱǡ
Χ˲޾ˮȫΧм䡣
װķ룬òȦˮסҰɣҵǹ⣬ˮסġ񸸻һΧˮЦ˵
Ȼϱֵú⣬񸸵ﻹǰԽ䱸ǿķģôСĶΪ
ˮһ֣Χˮ͵ؿʼ
ɫͻ䣬Ͻܻ״̬һˮȥ
ء
˷֮⣬ˮסжȫ˲䱻ˮѹ˼£һƵ
񸸴ʱһʮģɫ԰׵վһ࣬ĵĿУ͸һֿ־塣
һֱƶһκβ㣬Ȼǰͣ£мģһЦؿ񸸡
ղŲã˲仯ȥǴͨ۵ˮӳҲǺķ
ټܻĺ֢ղûеˡ
̫⣬ǰֻлϵǿû뵽ˮϵܵҲˣǷݹЧ𣿡񸸴˿ŷʵ
ûǷݹʱ䣬Ĵ󣡡˵ţٴʹˮͨ
ʱѾûٴλˣٴνΧסˮæе̣ҡ
񸸵ȸոպµС͵ըһֻɰ׹ɵĴֱֳ֣ˮ֮ϣͨ۵ˮɢ
ӡ·ǣˣκ˶ҪعĻʩҶɻɣۺԾĴһųĹͷӴӽ˳
Ȼ̵֪Ŀӵ̵֮ⷬԾһѪĳ嶯
УôҲǽɵ̣鷳רҵһòãǺпͷô£
ӽ߳ĹͷˣǷĻĵϲûЦ⣬һء
˵ʵǿǷĵΪֹΪǿĶ֡ղһƾͿƳĵˮͨĶȷԼܲܿùһ֮
ʱҲ֪֮ǰΪʲô˵лΣˣĶ֣һο޷ӵ
ʲôˣĿǸͷˣǽ䱸
֮䣬Ȼʵ츳ͨС츳ѷ磬˷Ѱ
ǸͷˣûĵĻ˫ĿŹ⣬һ˷ܵؿﲻϵ
Ǹͷ˵ģüͷһ壬˲ܻ״̬һŻ棬Զɿȥ
顱
ڸƶķģײǰͻȻֵİɫϡ
ڹڵĺ棬ǸͷһЦеؿ˵츳ôãͽô
㵽ʲôˣĳǸͷʵ
С磬вٵֿѡ¥ޡ졢ӰСա߽޺޺ҲУҵʵ֣ɽġ
㲻ˣؿɽġ
ˣȻͽ͸Ϊʦ߰ɣɽ˵ŻŷץڿвϵıͬʱʼɢӨӨ׹⡣
ĵͫһֵŰֱ˳ȥ̾ͷ˾ҵĺ˾۱䷴ӦȻ̺͵ر
ȵըನɢȥ¶˿ɽĵӰǰһڻǰɫǽɫĹâ
Ȼܹ֮ͨʹʹŷϧһţɽ̾һһ̤˲ԽңԶľ룬񸸵ԣ½˸ղСõĵ¡
ܲŷĵϢͻȻͿһռһľͳ
᳤ôҲͨƻģѵ˵Ҳ㱻ˡ弸æ˹
ŷһʮǿĶ֣ʵʵ̫ǿˣҸĶֻ֣ܷҵǿȰԼŪˡĿЦ˵
ʲô᳤㶼Ƕ֣ô˱㻹Ҫǿ輸˵ȫ¶˲ŵı顣
ˡҾãӦþԺ½ƵЩĻֵһԱҪˣ̾˿˵
ЩĻ־Ȼˣ˵弸˵ȫ


188 龫
ڶ죬ϳЩӣе˵̩ɽ˽ٹģе˵üɽе𣬲һԱġ
ڹϣ϶˵˵飬һҹ֮䣬Ҫĩһ㡣
ڵЩϢûд೤ʱ䣬ϵ۾ͿʼɾҺܿ컻š
ѾֹϢɢϾЩ鲻ҥԣҲֹһټϷ˵¼йزŵķ˺ܿг塣
üɽȷе𣬹Ѿɲǰȥ̩ɽû˽٣ҹϳеĵƹ⣬յǹ⽻γɵĺ¥
󣬾һרҳʼ̩ɽ¥γԭнȻǣǿĽ⵽˴󲿷˵²ۣ²۹ھ͸øȥˣûȥ׷ˡ
ڷڹϽйǴ˵ͶߣΪԣɥĲаӡ
ⷬۻûзãһȺֲ֯ʾԴ¸Ȼͷϵŷ˿һ٣еĴУɢĴɢĿֲ֯ʱ˲١
ڷ˵ըľƶýսҲڸÿ˵ͷϡ
ȻôµľЭЩˡҲ֪սҪҲ׵塣
Ϊŷһظ֣ԵĿֻʱ£гԵĿȴҪһس
üɽǸСɽȣʱһʩҪõ»أ֮أҲԸġ
Щ˽Źʱ򡣿ϢͻȻ˼Ӱһˡ
Ⱥˣһ֣ͽһͷͷģ
˭ҿǹҹԱҪʲôǸЩֵؽе
ûתͷһԵ׾ˣ
׾˵ͷǸ˾ֵĿУַͷϣʼȡļ䡣
û೤ʱ䡣׾۾˵ͷʱٹһܻء
һ֣Ǹ˷ŵ˵طȻߣ
һ֡ǰ·ϵĿ˵Ӱ˲ʧԭء
Ǹ׾ȡˣͻȻʧڿе弸ˣصǴõϢûµĻҾд鷳ˡ
˲ʮʱ䣬ǾǴܻصϿա
ǾͲȥˡ̴磬鷳㽫ת˵
ϴƾ˵ټǿʵΣԤҲĬ쵼λ
õġ
޵˫УؾͿʼѿһ׳ľ޴϶صĻأһһ㱻
Ȼ׼ⷬ컻صֶΣԾ弸˵һȡ
𶯸ո̴ֹͣһȺߴӻдܳеһȺˣϵһ¶˾֮ɫ
ôûⲻܣɳ飬ʲô£ǶɣǷĺһҲŵؾе
Դӻ֮ıϾûгֹʲô󣬾ļƫЩҲӦһ룬ûһˡ
ʱѾ֪ͨɳݡ
ԭܾȻɳݣ֪ϢԽ࣬ݵĽԽ׼ȷܰҪӽԤδˡϧǣ֪̫ˣݽǸЦ
վڿУӸµؿҡҡͷ˵
ô֪ʲôܵģǾŭؿ塣
㶼ѾҪһˣҪôʲô
ӭУɫһݣȺ߷Ը
һ弸ˣȫڵ»ǾԲܷŹġȻˣǾֻƴһսˣ
Щɾ޵ߣεɫһӣЩߣĿΪ˶Ըû뵽ȴΪ£Щ߳Ϊ̡
ǾͽԸɣסҪֵļˣ̤ǰ
壬ȻԴҪһ˶Ըһǧߣұ֤һ֪ôġӾڴ
ͷɵľޣҲǷ˾޴ĺ໥Ӧš
Ƕ˵ֻҪʵҵһ룬ȫֻϣٶּ࣬𡣡
˵Żᰴ£ɫˮƾճ֣ЩȫоиɫӺɫˮƮ˹
Щ㣬üͷһ壬ӡҲᾧʲôӡЩ˹ߣʹûõӡ
һ֣ЩУȻ鿴һ£͵õЩĽܡ
龫龭ӦѪתγɵľʣԱκӵգǿڵ飬ں϶ȣǿȲ̶ͬȲͬ
ܣ嵹ǰһܹں϶ȣں϶ÿٷ֮ʮһս
æһ龫ѡգֱӾͽڣڵ֮С
һĸоڴЩܵ۾
ȵɸоʧ֮壬鿴ں϶ȵı仯
Ȼֻǧ֮һҲ˵Ҫں϶Ȱٷ֮ٵĻܹҪʹ߰龫ãе龫㹻ˡ
龫ãŰעתƵڶϣǾȻõıӡˮûЩࡣ
һ£巢ȻʧȥܣȴǱߣԺлĻ˵¼ܡ
һѪĴǱЩѪĴð̲ס̾
ֱӰǸɱˣʵ̫ˣ޺޵˵
ǶûֻǱҰӡ㻹ʲôĻôҲԡ˵Żһ֡
ЩɫӡˮȫʧӡЩȫֱˤڵϣǾͻ˹
һֱΪɱеģû뵽Ȼֻӡġ׾Щȵ˵
ʵ࣬ӡ֮еʧ£ҲǻܹãҲҲ˵
ôһ˵Ҹоݣ
ʱ򣬵ϵЩˣҲ׷ײԼʧȫ¶˾֮ɫ
ô£ҵôʧˣϵسţҪʹɳݵܣÿһζʧܸա
Ҫٰ׷ˣѾʧˡȻҹ߰ЭᣬҪ㸶ӦеĴۡۿǼĸ֮һдġ
ǰЦ˵


189 3
Щ֮󣬶ڽǰȥӼұжȴûжȤǸظ֣һΣУҪץʱʵ
һ£Ͳһȥˡ
ĻȫЩɻĿ֪ͻȻ뿪Ϊʲô顣
ҵһԼʵķΪ˶ԸǸظ֣ҪȥչЦ˵
ȥɣ᳤ҲŬͻţǻľͿˡлɫĵ˵ͷ
ĵʵԲ˵ǸظֳǰԵһ֣ʱչѰͻƣȻпʵ
ʵ֮죬Ҳ˾֮̾ǰʵʮǿ׾󶼴򲻹ʵ֮лҲ
˵Ҫչʵ׼ԸǸظ֣Ҳûоʲôס
ⲿֻţҵĺ룬ʲôطϵңµĻԸҴ绰
óһֻݸлһδƼֻĸƷĹȨޣûлǮ
л˵ע£˲٣ͻϣԶȥ
ڷɵһ룬;ũϿյʱͻȻǸʮġԭʼɭ֡Ѿһµʱ䣬Ѿܹˢһˡ
ͣסΣȥݵͼϵͳϵıעҵ˵Ǹԭʼɭ֡ڡ
һΣûһֱӷ˽ȥ
ӭԭʼɭָȼΪʮҵȼʮżΣնۣκΣաȼΪ͵ȡͨҪɱ롣ͨؽʮ1ǧ㾭顣
彫ȸٻͬʱԪųɭɨţֻҪκιԪͻ˿ߣи顣
Щû棬ͱԪ˿ɱ徭һ֡
ȵߵǰʱɭĹѾȫɱɾˣֻϵ֩룬һЦ
ּˣһĺܱɣ
ֻѾжʮˡֱΪ룬϶һǻۣǲ֪ܹܲǵһε顣
ĻֻͶ޵Ŀ⡣ȲϵĻһ̡
Ŷ㾹Ȼǵһε顣ǲ˼ֻٴһĸоˣ
͵رٸԪ˿ߣƹȥ벦γɵԪûκӰ졣
ֻ˲䣬ͱԪи飬һأһһ顣
һУǱͷɵУ忴һۣһʦ飬һʦĴС
Ȼ⼼鲻ôҲ൱һǧ㾭һǧǮˣܱʲôûúá
һģͽⱾʦѧϰˡ
ʹʦ飬õʦУеһƷԶΪһƷʦ
ֻо֪ʶԺи֣ڸָĵϣô󷨣βܸʱӰ죬ҽʱôøս
Щ֪ʶѸٱգҲϵرڻͨΪʹõ
Ϊһʦ֮ľָҲ10㡣
ͬʱӵʦʦְҵƸַ
ͬʱӵũʦְҵ
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󷨷׭֮ʦϣ൤
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ЩȻ࣬Ƕڵ˵ʵҲҽһߣڵҪ£ʵԸǸظ֡
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ɱеĹܹ֮ǧ㾭飬ڼϵһḱǧ㾭飬ˢܹ㾭顣
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ʹҽʦ飬õҽʦУеһҽԶΪһҽʦ
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3簲ΣصͣӴǰ¶ģӰӣչҲҪ̤֮·ҪߺͣͿеõϢһ㾭顢ʮ갲ȫʱ䣺һꡣʾڼ䣬ͼϵͳʱӵѲ߷λ
3嵹һҪоһľ
ʾ棬͸¶Ϣܶࡣ
Ӵ絽жǿ󣿵Ҫ̤Ͻ֮·ʲô˼нߴһ㾭񣬾Ȼûκʧܳͷ
ٽ棬ʮ갲ȫĽֻоһΣͷ
Žȡ飬ģû뵽ȴôһ񡣼Ȼ޷ͨȡ飬ôֻˡЦŵ
Ļ嵹֪һڴһСϣһɳĮһϴ׷Ұ˿Ǹ50
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ȻؼҰɣȥ㸸ĸٻٻȻȥˢʵô˵3һҪɡ
ܿʹ⣬ڿնżķȥ


190 ɳĮ
صҵʱ򣬸ĸͶٻٻϰǵܣôʱϤǶԼܵʹãѾǱӦ
ٻٻȻûסңʱֻҪпգͻܣߵļҳ岻֪£Ѿˡ
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ĸûµģ֮ǰǴ绰˵ҪҪ𣿡ٻٻæһ˵
㲻ͺãҲùܡˣ˵һỰȥ㷹ĸ˵껰תͽ˳
鶼ˣٻٻߵǰʵ
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ٻٻЩȵס죬ʵϵЩȫйأ֡𡢺˵Ūģ
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壬ڼ೤ʱ䣿ٻٻȳʵ
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岻⼸ʱ䣬ȻǸظֵʵʮǿ󣬵ڻʮּɵҪȻʹˡ
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˫Ŀе龫ϼ٣ɿڡһ󼫶ĸоγһ˳ëһš
ȵһ龫֮һ͵ĸоͬʱܵѹһ
˳Լ⣬һģһ谭֮͸оǰҰȻ
ͷһͿԼڴϣ˫Ŀգһ㡣
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ͨЩϢҲ֪Լڵ״̬Ԫ״̬ԭӦǷڸֲӵеİ£ھѾ۳Ԫ
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˵ٻٻһӱͨ죬˺һᣬ΢ŵһ
ϣȻ˯һŴϣһҹʱ伫䡣
ڶգΪٻٻ߲ʣû𴲣촽Ȼ߳˷䡣
͸ĸкֱ֮ӳ𣬸ݵͼϵͳĶλɳĮȥ
ɳĮǻɳĮͬʱҲʮɳĮڶɳĮʵоٵһνҲʲôõĶ
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˵ϿĻûжӰ죬ϾᴩɳĮҲһӵʱ䡣
ͼϵͳʾͼ꣬岢ûзκǸռŵĴڣǰūͣƭصǼٵġ
ûȻûУӦþˣ
ľֱ̽ɳ棬ѰռŵĴڡ
ƾǿԪûж೤ʱ䣬ҵ˿ռŵڡ
ԪֱӷֿɳֱӾ͸˿ռС
ӭɳĮȸȼΪʮҵȼʮΣնۣǡȼΪȡͨҪõ¥Źӡͨؽʮ1ʮ㾭顣
һʾͽעתƵǰĸ
ʱǰģԾһƬɳĮ֮ǰֺģǵֲһЩͰªֲ
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ԪֱӽɳУŵЩɳ滹ɳЫȫ
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ȸһٱ˫һȣĻ꽵٣ЩɳɳЫ׷׶ǵȼմ
ʵԽԽǿˣɱĻҲǻûʬˣʹòɼĻᶼûС
ҡҡͷһȸƵߴֱǰȥ
ЩɳɳЫʵȻôṩľȴ൱ʮֻɳЫṩ7W㾭飬ʮֻɳṩ10W㾭顣
ʱף3Ϊʲôߴһˣԭڸ߼棬Ѿǲʲôˣ
ڸոջõЩ飬ȫȼ24֮󣬻ʣ1W㾭顣
ﵽ24ֽ֮սܡ
ɳھָܵȼ׵İ뾶ΧڣܹһɳɼܵȼʱΪָ/10ӣÿľָ/2Ԫ
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ѣɳʯһ̶֮󣬲ſѧϰĺϳɼɳ죬գرѣҽӿʱΪָ10ӣÿľָ/20Ԫ


191 ׶ջ
սܣ΢΢еЩ⣬Ϊ25ʱŻµսܽû뵽24ʱͳˡ
սܶڵ˵ûжãʺڻķɳܣҲԪӸá
廹ǻǧ㾭飬ɳʯѧ֣б޻
ͬʱȼҲԷ췭ظı仯ָﵽ㣬ָҲ㡣
ټں϶Ȱٷְ٣ʮʵڵʵԶԶģ˵Эһˡ
ʹеľֵ֮ɳĮǰһ·ԪţɨܵĻѰɳ̲µĹ
û߳ԶٴηɳĮµԪӿЩȫϯ
һιɳɳЫǼֳ׺ɳЩɳмʮףˮףƵƬϣ鲼İߵ㣬Ų£˻˻в
ЩɳĵȼҲǶʮʵȴҪЩɳɳЫǿö࣬ɳ൱һʮʵ屶
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ˣЩɳ壬ûκʤ㣬ֻбŰķݡһΣûȸ֡Զ֣ΪҪһ·ɳ
ɳ
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һеǲ󰡣Ҳֻ۸۸ЩɳɳĮ˵̶ֳȵɳҲѾϰˡ
˵˻׼ɳ֣ȻûԭɳеɳͻȻٵ˻˻
ۡ
ɳеҲԭɳڸְϵĶǱһӵѪĵͳ
̧ͷȥŷ֣ɳʱѾɫǱ˺ɫҲɳĺɫɰ
ԭǷɳ24սܣȻ㹻ǿ˵ͷ̾
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ɳʵҪɳɳЫǿ٣ֵȻҲ˲٣ʮɳܹʮ顣
ˣʮɳһȫףΪɳʹ100ָһ
ϸĿһۣȷɳƷ׾ȻǼƷ
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һܲ˵ֻ100ָһЩƷֻ¶硣
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õһƷеһľϲæʼ鿴ʣµһһöɫĵ˵һĳﵰˡ
һһݾᣬ建֮󣬾Ϸų΢΢ĹâĹâھϷ໥ϣγһǳصӰ
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ϵͳʾԥѡǣžһ׹֡еľһᣬ׹ɢȻ
ףžȻûʧѵʲôô𣿻ɣ
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еĳﵰѡ˷ȻԪеĳﵰӿȥ
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Сߴͷβûпһۣ˵кˣͺȫһ㡣
ЩЦֵ˵СߵԴС۾ͷһۣģʣұʲô£
û˵Сţһ²ٴα۾
С߷ڼϣҲǿʼ鿴Сߵ塣
ɳ
ȼ0
Ѫ100
Ԫ100
ѪԴ
ѪŨȣ1%
ָ20
ָ20
ܣ
ɳһƬʮװ뾶ɳУû
Сߵԣ廹ǱȽģѪŨȺַŵѪȷѪѷɫ
ȻǮʱѪٷ֮ʮǴٷ֮ʮǮһеġ
һ߽̳ǣ׼С߹һѪѪһ߸С˵ŻҲܲ
ף巢һȵϵĶҲסˡ
̳ǵĵһҳͻȻһ³ֵ浤ҩΪ
֮˾ȣΪҩͼϣһϤķţù˷һͬķš
עǸϣǸŵĺҲܿ측Ժؼۡ
ֲ֮ǰùù˷ҲҲأԭؼ۲Ʒ̳ǾȻؼۣʵ̫ˡ


192 ϴ
忴һļ۸񣬶ʱһ࣬ؼ֮󣬼۸ȻߴһڽǮҪûؼ۵ĻжǮ
ڿЧ֮̾ãһҲ󣬼ֱǱ˵ˡ
֮ô˵֮󣬿Խα״̬Խȫڻͨﵽƿصĳ̶ȡ
Ȼֵ֪ʶʵԭܽȫա
һĹƾֵ׹ȫ򣬾֮ǰˮƪˮϵ˾ƾԼԣȫˡ
ǣԼϵĸֵֻԣȴûа취ڻͨ
һ˵һţԿһĽ̲ģѧɲţȫѧ̲֪ʶ
ǣôţûн̲ĵ£һѧḶ̌Ҳȫѧġ
˾˵һĽ̲ģȫ򣬵ϵЩܶ˵Ǵѧ⣬ûн̲ĵ£Ǻڻͨġ
ǽĻͿԽϵЩȫڻͨԼʵֽ׶εļ¡
һһݾǡﲻںϵĹУκɻԺжӦĽ취ͽ͡
ڲǷõʱ򣬷ؼҲûʱơȵٷʵҲ١
Ҳپǹ˾ʮһѪС߷¡
С߲ȸһѪ˷ܵز֪ˣţһѪЧ΢΢˵ͷһߺģ
Сߵģ弫ȲˬһֱӽſȻһŽһŵѪ
ҿѪڼҪȻС߾Ҫɷ鴮ˡ
˾ʮѪ֮СػɣûŭͱѪҩ˹ȥ
ȸվļϣһĻ֮ǴһᡣæյԣЩֺõͷ
ȸı֣ЩЦĦһëЦ˵ֻҪǾԲ䵽Сߵ³ġ
ߴߴ
ȸ̷ŻԵС߲Ͻţʱʱתͷ壬ͺͨСߡġ
ЩεҡҡͷȸСջ˳ռ֮󡣾շ𣬿ʼѰҪҿûصĹ
ʧǣѱÿһɳĮȴһﶼûз֡
ֻžϵĵͼˡ
̾һյͼϵͳָʾϵǰš
ûйĻŵͼļֵҪۿˣϾҲ·ͨķֲҲᱻ¥ųǵλá
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ܿɳϲ˿е壬Сɳչ˫ᣬ˹
Ⱥ֮Уһгֻϣ⼸ֻɳϣɳȺ֮еˡ
Ǽֻϣֳڻɫ޴򦲻ϵźţ׼гΡ
һ̧֣ɳʹһҵɳͻȻ֣ǼֻϾУϵЩϺͱҲûѡ
ɳɳܿͱɰɫҲɫɫתɰɳؼ͵ۼ׶סЩɳϸû˿ֵ֮
ЩɳϷ׷ױɰһ߾ʬ壬ɳϵתš
ȵɫɳͣ£ɳʬһӿ£˵ϡ
Щɳϵһٶװȴû̫˵˼ΪװͦãôĻʵûжô
ϴ֮󣬿ͨϴͬϴˣӾļʱͨѶ
һȺɳܹһʮϴǶ˵ʵ̫ˣòˣǵװҲҪǿ
һЩɳϸľ飬ֱӾʹסˣһȺɳܹǧֻ150Wֵ൱ÿֻɳ300㾭顣
ڸо3Ľʵ̫СˣȻŸһ㾭ֵ̲ס˵
ôྭ֮оԼĵһӱó
Ǻľ鲻ӣһٶľ飬Ҳϼʮˣ˵ʱͿɵǸظˡ
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ΪսܵȼҲܼȼ
õʾ֮о֮ʵ̫ӵˣսĽǮ;鼫࣬嵽Ҳûһܡ
ϵͳڵʾʵǿȥսܣҪȻĻȼˡ
忴һԼϵĽǮʮڣֻܽսΪܡ
ֻʱȰѾˣȵˢ긱ȥ֮󣬿ЭһЩҩͿϷȻǮսܡ
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Ƭû˿쳣ɳĮ彫ԼԪųɳĮ̽ǽȴʲôûз֡
ûУͼϱʾĵطȷΪʲôûκη֣üͷɻ
ˣᣡͻȻƷŵͼᡣ
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ۡ
ͼͻȻȼھϲŰɫĻ棬ڻ֮ΧռѾǿʼˡ
ܵĿռ͵ػƬܷȥ
ĿռϺ棬һڸǵĳǳأ¶ߴĳǽţ沼˷ɳĺۼڳǽϣһ鲼ӣƮš
ڿĳǽϣһˣһֿŵϢɢ
ʧ¥Ź΢ЩưܵĳУ˵
ء
ͻȻһԶĺŽ𣬽žһĲлſ׵ײ
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Щ֮£һѩ׵ĹǼܣȻûбȴܸܵһּᶨ־
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Ԫ˿ߣȻһЩ¥Źսʿɨȥ


193 
ưܵĳǽԵһĹ𣬵Ԫǰ档
ǿԪһĹԵֵģֻ΢˼룬ǲĹͱԪơ
ĹⱻƵһ˲䣬ǽЩ¥Źսʿȫ˲е䵶Ԫֱ¡
޾ĺɫ⻪Щ䵶ϷɳڤĺԪȾ
üͷһ壬ЩɢԪ˲һϽұһգֱЩɫ⻪ȥ
ꡪ
һ죬Щɫ⻪Ȼʵһ㣬Ͻֱҵ÷顣
һԪϽ;һԣǾǼ᲻ɴݣԪԵһ
ˣϽܹЩڤ֮սʿᶨ־γɵĺɫ⻪顣
ɫ⻪׾ͱ飬Щ¥Źսʿе̹Ҳ΢΢˸·ڱĵľȡ
ϽٴλΪԪ˿ߣЩ¥Źսʿϯȥǰ˲и˷顣
ˡ
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ܣǸ˷ˣܰ

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196 лʵ
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197 ͻ
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ɽղŻޱȵĽɫ֣ʱƬƬѣɫҲѿ˿ڣѪ
ղŻһģлŪڹ֮ɽģʱϵĽɫѾˣɫҲһ԰ףϢ˲˲١
ɽ˼ľ֮󣬿ǸӰ»ص͸ϣµͣסΣĵĿ¶˷ĵĿ־塣
лҲû뵽ľȻǿţɽǿߣȻҲһ˰ˡ
ֲҪЩ߽ԭһľȻǿػ㲻̤һһлɽģһȻı˵
ɽɫĿŻľڵлˣЩѿ˿ڿٻָš
²ɽĿڽе
һâһ۵񸸾ͳɽĵǰһ𾴵̴ˣԸ
ǰȥľڴƻǹǵĻǾӳҵҪ̶ܹãɽЦ˵
ǡ񸸹Ӧһתźϵһ˵ǰȥľڣʱʲôʲôһ飬̴ǽ
񸸵ĻЩ̲סʵûޱܵĳ̶ȣ˵ɱֵˡ
񸸣Ҫҽ뻪ľڣұ֤޻أлЩߣҧгݵ˵
ЦһҲЦ׵УΪסң񸸰²￴лһۣм˵
˵֮񸸾ʹһԶȥͬʱЦŵĵı߾ôҾͲţﶼܹ˵ĵ
ʱ˶ĿͶл´
лʣµЩ߾ͽҺǧͤˣǸȺˡȵ㹻Զʱ򣬾ͳɱǣһζؾԲǰ취
лľǧͤҲǵ˵ͷͬĿ
ǸȺ뿪֮лǧͤվڻľڣؿŹȺߡ
ɽĿһĻһЦʣµЩ෴ķȥ
Ⱥ߾ͽˣٶ죬ʹвӦɣǧͤ˵һ֮󣬲ճֵľȥ
ԽԽˣҸоˮ˫ͨǸ˸зչǱΪϣţͬʱ֪ʱƣѵĲǼ𣿡ɽĿŶл̾
ûܣлҡҡͷᶨ˵ֻһͨɣȻܾ룬ǵΪѾվڻĵĶˡ
ɽ̾˿ֹЦҲգȻû취һչ£ôһŵͨҲǲ
᳤޳Ǹղ֪ͨңͻȻʧˡţͻȻлĶ
ʲôͨЭԱȷλáлɫͻ䡣
᳤񸸵λѾȷܲˡţһл˵
лɫͻ䣬ɽЦ²Ѿʼˣôһķūİ
лû˲磬գЭܲȥ
ֻǼӵʱ䣬лѾܲ²Ĵ裬һ޴ļϷڴð
ϴεܲϮ¼֮ЭѾ˺üӦԤʩΰ²ϮûɶԱ
²ȻٴܲҰɣлŭһ˫һһɫ˫֣֮Ű²ȥ
л㻹׷˵ɣл²һЦҪ뿪
ʱзͻ䣬ˮԪɾ޴УЭܲϿղת
ˮϵԪֳ˵εɫϵԪֳ񱩵ĳɫԪ໥Ųתе·ȴͨɽصһչ֮С
ԭҪܵİ²ȻоΧĿռ˿񱩵ĻϵԪ͵ˮϵԪڹϵԪʮֱѾ֧ˡ
лϲؿűչҵķף᳤Ҫͻˣ
ڷıչص⣬ԭţѾͻȻֵˮԪɣʱıչһڣǾԵĽ
ڹеɽģʱҲܵɾҵˮԪɫһӣֻͻƽڣѾƣҪǵͻԪӤڣֻ־Ϳҡ
ɽĵɫֱһȻѾ㣬Ҿ;Բȥ
ʱڱչڣĿΧˮԪתţϵرڡ
ڱչصʱһֱڲ崫ڵġ˾Ժġ׾ͨҹϵĲ͸֮Ҳʿߵ
ʿʹ÷ͨԼڵԪγһַ·ȻԪγɹ񣬴Ӷγɷ
ˣֱʹþٿԪԼγɹֶΡ
֮ͺһͨ̿һֱӣһ֪
ֱܹӿԪҲһ츳ĻʵͲЩͨʿܹġ
ʿعͨʿ̤ؽ֮·ʼҲǴһοʼ뷲֮С
Щûгɾͽ𵤵ʿҪʩŷͱӡγһ򻯰ķ·ȻԴΪþķ·ӶԪ
ǳΪ˽ʿ֮ÿһʿĽ棬ӡķ·ֻҪһͿ˲ͷų
ʿͶ֮䣬ɳŵˣЩڵʿȴҪӡܷųʱַ
ߵԪ࣬һʿҲŰʮʿ
Щ֮󣬷ľȲؿʼ𵤣ؼԪ
ˮԪΧУıĿĵ֮ڣˮԪʼᣬγһĽ𵤡
Źϣʼϵĸֳַ·˾͡׾еЩһڽֳ
ˮԪע룬𵤷ԽԽСͬʱҲش黯ʵת
ȻʱĲӿˮԪжˣһ𶯣мˮԪĽ紦Ҳǿʼ΢ıը


198 ͻ
ɫͻ䣬һѹδεĽ𵤣һ߲鿴ΧҪ̽ˮԪͻȻжϵԭ
һ鿴Ĳŷ֣ΧЩˮԪѾʳһգû˿ˮԪڡ
ŽԽԽ񱩵Ԫ¶˿Ц֮ɫôҲû뵽ԪȻ˱۽𵤾ȻΪԪʧܡ
ʱǾ޴ˮѾʧѾγˮԪգԶˮԪӿ
ǣЩӿˮԪʵ̫ϡ٣ڷ˵ȫǱˮнΣ
лͰ²ʱҲΧ쳣
ˮԪѾĸɾˣĵͻעҪʧܵġ²شЦš
˵Ż²ҪٴλȥȻոչ⻯޴ѹ֣ٴνΧĹϵԪɢ²ֱӴԭΡ
²һѪ¶֮ɫתͷѹķ޴Ҹӵ·Ư
·θͬһһ䲻Ծİɫ棬һһαʯɫˮ顣
·һ֣еˮԪȫӿȻ·սȥ
ԪȻϡ٣һ˽𵤵ҪǴ´ģ·ܿͱˮԪ
··ȥͬʱɿСͷʱ򣬾ֻʣС
·ֱӽĵ壬һ·ᴩ£ĵ֮УӡĽ֮ϡ
·ӡڽϣԭЩĽ𵤣ʱȶһתʱľ͸оһֳӯĸо
ͻƳΪˡ۾ϲõ˵
ŷĵͻƣԪҲǽƽϢΧ̺ĹϵԪҲࡣ
²ʱɫ̼ɿ⻯Ҫ˵أɾʱһ޴ˮͻȻ֣档
ͻȻֵˮ򡣽²ΧĹϵԪȫɾٴλָԭΣˣˮ˷޴ѹ޷˿
ȻٴЭܲϴθĽѵ
仰Ĳһƴɽз˳
Ȼˣɡˮķɵ²ǰ۾ɱ⣬һ֡˵
Ǹ޴ˮ͵ؿʼܹ⻯İ²״̬Ҳ޷ѣֻǲҽһͱѹһСš
᳤ղͻˣлĿЩȵؿŷġ
ͷ˵ʵѾкö궼ûнˣڷͻˣĵķδûͻƵĿܡ
Ѿһʿˡ֪ʲôֻܸ㣬֮ǰʵѾߵļˣֻͻƵĿܡɫ˵
ĵĻл¶ʧ֮ɫΪֹҲֻ˾һ׹ĹһҲû
İɣǻлùĿܡҽֵǸʵǿĹֶӦҲһʿҹڵǸ磬ӦвٵĹлļο
ɽģлɽĴʱĴڹ֮УŻĵߡ
᳤Ǹ㽻ֵĸ֣Ѿˣʱڶ߾ЭỹвٳԱϡлæ˵
ˣôûҵڱ߾ȴĵüͷ
лͽػ˷ģл˵Ҳ̲ס̾
˵ҵػĵе
ڷĵ˵лʮͬΪǸ޳ʱлʹϸܵϤϢ
᳤᳤޳ǳˣǽɱЩߵʱǸͷͻȻ֣Ϻ˼ץˡ
лͷ˵ʱţͻȻǵĶ
ʲôţĻȫɫͻ䡣
ǰ·ϸϹȥ˵
ڷĺлȥʱ򣬱չ壬ʱҲ˹ؼʱ̡
Դӷ֮ͲŻЩֱﵽĿǰܹﵽļޡ
ȻͿʼЩϣҪȫΪһ壬ʵ̶ȵķӳ
ʱԺԭʮӰ󲿷ѾʧˣֻʣӰԾɴţֻҪӰںϣͻȫΪһ塣
Ŀ£Ӱһ𣬿ʼ𽥵ں
ĺлûлѶ೤ʱ˶߾˼еɽģԱһ·ŵ޵ˡ
ķģɽͣ˽ŲһЦ˵û뵽ϴεĹУȻûǸ˸˵ϢôżϹҪΪʦ𣿡
ĲŰƯţɽĵĿƽϴαƵ;ĩ·ڵȷҪֽһ
䡱
һ죬ܵĿ˲ͱѹȥһɺΧϵתƮ䣬ǿƵӵķ
ɽһӣϾһҰɫĹ⴬֣źϵţȻ˼ȥ
Žھƣʱ䣬δĳɾһϧҪˡɽ̧ͷŷģЦ˵
˫ɱûĻ˫һӣɫ໥ɽײ˹ȥ
ֹкôɽЦţҲö
ɫոսӽɽģûüκͻȻϨˡ
ʱһЩĽɽĵΧֳĲţɢһصɡ
ľǿڿѾﵽԪӤڵĶ壬ϧվֻһʿԪӤڣԶ֪ԪӤںͽ֮Ĳж󡣡
ɽ˫ֺ󱳣ԷЦ˵ƺһҲżԸ
ԪӤںͽڵĲࣿͨͷĲô㣿
ָһһССˮɽĿٷȥܹɫĽȴ޷סˮǰ
ɽĵرɽɫĵǵˮץסȴ̲סˣұҲʼѣ˿ڣѪ˿л
ͨˮͨղССˮ棬ЯǧﺣˮȻ׾ܵµġ
Ϊ˽ʿ֮ҲڿʼӳͨˣȻǲͨʹټһĲ࣬Ҫ뵲סĹûʲôġ
ɽ˵֮ȫ˽ɫɽӴһ㣬ҫ£ʮҫĿ
Ųһ̤һ죬ɽľŷĳ˹
һһŰɫ֣ɽķ˹ȥΧ
ɽŭһ³һɫڻ·ǵûбջ٣ø׳


199 
̤ɫɽĴӰɫг˳
ǧƣ
һ̧ĻƽӰգŷ¡
ɫ䣬ٴεһˮ飬ɽķȥ
ɽһ䣬ٴӲٿŽһ߶㿪Ȼǵˮ黮һߣɽ׷ȥ
ߣɽŭһǵˮץȥ
εĽϴβ޲ͬˮȻɽץұҲٴα˿ڣѪ졣
ɽҪֽǵˮӵһԵʱһҵĻϵԪг֣ɽĵıЩѿæǵˮԶȥͬʱμˡ
ǣΪʱһҵıըǵˮ͵ѿǿĳ޾İɫɽϯȥ
ȻɽĴһϷų޾ĽɫâЩɫâһ޴ķӰ
ըǿҳӰĴ翪ѣЩɫǳϯϣڷӰϲӡ
ڰɫȼ֮£Ӱû֧Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ɢʣµİɫֱյɽĵϡ
ϯİɫ棬ɽ̾ʹ߶µĽҪýЩɫգνֽǷŵӶԸϵѡ
ǡЩɫȴǸղЩɫɱȣղŵЩɫ治ǷͷŵķɽƾŽȻԶԸ
εİɫ棬ȴǱ׵ನ֮ͨǷŵССܹġ
ֻɽĽµĽո˼ɫ棬̾ͺһڻû˽ӻֻ˲䡣ɽϾͲ˰ɫ档
ͨǿЦץôͨӣҾȻһͨᣬҲİ
ڰɫ£ɽʮֲʵشš
죬ûõķſǷһǰ㣬ײҪͨǿʱ仹ڣҾ㱻
һĹͷͻȻڳУڻвϰɽŭȵ
ͻȻڳеĹͷ꣬ҲǰСĽ䱸ϣܵɽĻҪǿ
ͷ곤üĿ㣬üĿȴһɰ⣬ϴһΪĳۡ׺Ļƽ觺ͱʯ
˱Ϣ·ȴͷ괩һֻĸо
Ҹղ˵˻ԸܳͷֻһͻȻͻȻĹͷ꣬ɽǿסյʹգϿͷġ
ȥ֮ȻŹ洦㡣ˮ£ǸͷһһӣһɺɫˮɳΧɽģγһɫ·
ˮȻ֮ͨȴҲһƷͨټϹͷʵȷĸһ󾳽磬ȻԵĵıס
л֮㱻£ʱɽҲǼΪضԹͷл֮ʵվһԡ
ͷ꿴ŷģص˵ͷ൱һƷͨһƷͨոͻƵ𵤾磬ܹԪӤ֣Ǳȷǲ
û˵ͷĿУǽ䱸֮ɫղųֵһУĴи֮ܵͨҲ˵ͷҲͨ
⼸˵ǱܲԸɽ£ǿ뱻ͨӵˣΪΣ
Ǹͷ껰ưѷĵɣǸĪĶһ㡣
ˣҲҺܶġ˵϶ȻˣҰɫ⴬Żľ
ǣȴû취ؿЩˣǵһɱ˵ŻͬʱĵҲǿźȥ
Ǹͷһָ棬ղŻǲĺ棬ʱƽ羵˿
ߣҾ֪һˣֶΣȻ㲻Ը˳ǾȫűͨӰɣ
˵֮Ǹͷһӣ϶ʱһҺˮγɵĴ󴬣ЩץĻߣԶʻȥ
ߵĻȰɣٴγһűףǸͷȥ
ͷϣͻȻһɫˮγɵ·ҫŵĹ⻪Ʒͨˮ¡ײڹˮ棬˾ҵıը
ȵըನɢͷԾõվԭأֻǹˮɢϵĻҲǱЩڣ˼
ƷͨǲƷͨӵƷͨһ󾳽磬Ҳû취ȫƷͨ
ͷ굯˵·̾
ԼǿĹȻֻùͷϵ·𣬷ĵȻɫͷζԸѵֻ˼
Э֮ܲУΧ·ƮΧת
ԺӰʱѾȫںһӰֱɢ֪ʶϢա
建۾һ
ʱ䣬ڽѧȫںһ𣬴ʱ֪ʶȫԪǿȡ
ȻϿͱչ֮ǰûκûκҲûκμܱ仯ʱʵ˺ֹʮ
ոմ߳Ϳһǰ߶ͷոձ׵һ
죬ǸתͷͿ߳壬æһϲɫ˹
峤ϣʱ᳤ڶսһʵȻ᳤Ҫǿȥɣ
͹ȥ˵ɫһ࣬˵ͷһ˲ƣʧԭء
ȵٴγֵʱѾڶ߾޵˵ԡ
忴һں͹ͷŵķģʵôˣ
ͻȻ޼˶һתͷͷվ
壬ʲôʱģ˵϶̲ס¶ϲ֮ɫ
˵˭пսʤͷ꣬ǾǷĺˣԲǶԷĶ֣Ǿָֻˡ
ҲŸոյʲô˵ͷٴʵ
⣬ڳļ̲ס¶˵֮ɫĿЦҵͨȶԷǿǾȴһΣû취˵
ˣһ£ͷһ£ʹŷֱ˲뿪
Ӹղ˲ƹʱǸͷϾ΢΢ɫΪϣܲκһϢͺֻһһ㡣
ܹ˲ƣȻˣǾֻ˵գѾﵽľ磬й¶κһϢ
Ǹ˲뿪׼ʲôŷ˲뿪ͷЩɻ
л˴ʱҲĲ⡣
û೤ʱ䣬ʹŷٴ˲ƻķĵļ򣬳˵ͷ᳤ٺսһΰɣ


200 ͨ
תͷɫصĳ˵ͷȻɳ˻ľڣվ˹ͷǰ
ףͷ΢΢Щȣ֪ղŴŷȥʲô飬ղŻҺֵķģھȻеֱ
֪ԪӤںͽ֮Ĳ࣬ȻҺսǲ֪ôдͷЦŵ˵
ͷһ֣ܵļڣеɫĹ˸ţԪӤڵı־
֮ڣͷеĹֵйᱻ
ҿ˵һ̧Χļڣ˵ɫ͵ɫĹΡ
ľȻʹֻԪӤʿʹõ
ͷɫһӱѿЩŵ˵ôܣûͻƵԪӤڣôܹʹ򣿡
뵽ʲô͵תͷһŵؿ壺㣿ղŶʲôΪʲôһʿܹʹ򣿡
лҲ𾪵ؿ壬ĸղͨǹͷĶ֣뿪һ֮ٴλȻͨܺͶԷͥˣǰ仯ʵ̫ˡ
̧ͷӭŹͷĿ⿴ȥǲмЦһССԪӤʿּ֣֮㲻֪ȥˣѵҶҪ㣬Ϊ𣿡
ˮĻǸͷɫǺ죬һӣһɴִˮзɳֱ
ˮ͸дЩɫ;һжˮʱ򡣷׷׵УȻ󱻸ʴɾ
ǹˮոսӽı߾͸ٴγ֣һͷӰӹ͹Գſھͽǹˮ˶С
һĻͷҲһĺȻ֮ǰѾõɸ߲ܽ뻪ľڡû뵽ľȻǿػ
Ҫ֪ǹˮɲģһƿװŵģĴɱСʿ֮ɫˮȴû˿á
ߣӵԪӤڵΣʿ֮ɲֻʵҪĻǸԷıƴ
ͷһоͶһ֬ƿû֦ʹй֬ƿֱһģһ
ǲ֪ķܲܵסҵͨĵϳһףһ˲ʧС
ȵٴγʱѾ˹ͷ֮ڣ赲ֻѾײϡ
գ
ͷ굹תе֬ƿһͽС
ǼƷƿһ֮ˮƷͨΣ׾پͱ˱ƿСͷ˵
𣿡Цһ
ͷʱҲԣȻûӦеƿһѿɫѷ˳
ıƿôȻŻˣǾװˮɣ
˵ţʹˮͨ۳ʮˮ飬ÿһˮ֮У̺ǧﺣˮȻЩˮŹͷȥ
ˮ£ͷæƿʹԼƷͨ۳һɫˮγɵ·
ÿһˮӴ˹ˮº󣬾ͻᷢһαըαը֮󣬹ͷĹˮ¾ͱƻæ۳һˮ£ŵס˷ĵĹ
ͬĻ£ҵƷͨסʵЦһ˫һţʮſ
һĻǸͷ궸Ȼɫ䣬һѾԲʮ׿԰ըޡ
ͷ¶ʱһ⣬Զɿ챼ӣһԵɽҲѾ˲ˡ
һĻЦһô׾ܣɣ
˵ŻһӣԭѾӵòӰĹͷ꣬ٴγ˻ı߾Żľڳ
ͷֻоΧĻһ䣬ȻͿǰˣһ飬̷Ӧ˹æͣסΡ
ղǰ弸ײ˻ı߾͸ϣʱֻбӰɱΣա
㡭Ȼܹ˲ƻͷ۾ǲŵؿ塣
ֶΣֻЩܵϼһѷС磬һԪӤʿôֺܳڴܣ
ôĲҪ㻹ôɣָָͷıһЦݵ˵
ͷͷһͿʮѾΧٷŻľڳȥԶ㲻Щס
Σ֮£ͷæӻȡһöӡ˿ЩΧ£ıףһذöӡ顣
һΪλӰ¶磬Ӧǹۡ
һϺƴвϻصͬʱ󲨶ԹͷΪģ˷ɢȥ
⼸仰Уһ˵ζǵﶼһĤݵҪǵľǿֻ˲Ҫݷڵأš
͸Ҳһ⻪תƴķ棬ûԻڲκӰ졣
ķųʮöף󲨶ɨ̱֮ĭһ鿪ûгֹһ
һĻҲ¶˾֮ɫ֪ͷղʹ÷ӡʱΪʲô¶һıˡ
öӡľһ֣ڷӦôﵽһߵĲΣȻֱӴӷ˱׵Ĵڡ
Ȼܹһöӡ̺ģҲһƷͨҪȻ׵֮ͨǲɢġ
ڹͷ˵öӡǱľУܹӵǿķӡƻйء
֮ձͷ껷һۣݺݵ˵
˵֮ͷһ䣬ɽľǰִ߶ҺˮγɵĴ󴬣ŷ޷ȥ
ͷ֮ţΪϵǹɲûʧκηֻҪӽߣͻᱻ񶨴ڣֱʧ
壬취Ǹ˾Ҫߺϰ˴ˣһض˵
ԶȥĹͷ꣬ɫ䣻ģܲģ
ٴһ֣ѾԶȥĹͷٴα˲˻ЩץĻߣҲ˲Ƶ˻ľڡ
ٴα˲ƻĹͷֱ꣬Ӿɵˣ˿ԼܣͨĲڣǶԷô˲ƻģ
㡭㡭
ͷȴ֪˵ʲôǺãղΪԼܹܣǷݻ˭룬ʱֱץ˻
ͷ㵵ģҲЦܹЩԷΪķͨϵͳΪĶܷô
Ȼ֪ϵͳʲôȴ֪ϵͳǿӲĴڣ֪Ϊʱ廹ûÿֲ
֪ԽԽ࣬رǲˡ˾֮󣬾Խο£ҲϵͳǺεţơ
ϵͳЩսܣֱǹƻߣ̡


201 ˼
ͷ꿴˿͸壬ֿ˿ķģϽס¶Щ֮⣬ôҲû뵽Լ³
ҪսҪʧܣҲҪĸСͷͻȻЩس
Ҫҽ֣ЦЦҡҡͷ˵ҳֵĻһжŲȥ
ߣԭֻһСսңͷһǲм
Ȼ֪Ǽô˵һǲˬȻҪҽ֣Ҿʶһ֮Ĳɣ
͸ֱƮ˳ھͷʮԶͣ£ؿѹ
͸ƮͷһĨͷ֮ɫŲȽ͵ȥ
Բ֮𣡡
һ͸ɫĻӹͷȼ͸ɫĻΪоΪ͵ȼģɢһĲֱܹնԷꡣ
ͷһƴģ⣬ʳָ㣬һѪɫĹâָɳ˹ͷڡ

ͷ˲䷢һҽУӱŤ·ڳž޴ʹࡣ
ͬʱϵϢҲڷɿ½ֻǼʱ䣬Ϣͱֻиղʮ֮һǿȡ
󣬹ͷ޷ڿգһͷŴȥ
һĻ֪ʵͬһ㡣лǻ̲סһһоͽǿƥĹͷϺǿѾǵ֪
ԪɳµĹͷͬʱҪܵɽҲסǰ
壬ôķɵԱߣʵ
֪ͨϢǳӴ磬֪֪ˡܹӦԴʩ˵
չļ˵ȫɫصĵ˵ͷ
Ҫ֪ͨݴ½ϢǸΣ㲻Ҫϣ³ͷʮӲ˵
Ѿ֪ݴ½ǻӦкܴĹϵ˵ͷ˵
ղŻŲ°ֵĹͷ̲꣬ס¶ŭ֮ɫȻֻ֣ʲôõϢ̬ȣȴؿһơ
ʱóԼ֮飬ְҳϡԹͷɽĳΪΪͣԼ
Լ֮дܳ⣬ɽĺ͹ͷڣ˴ʱȫˣټϾ̫࣬˲ͱԼ֮ƣΪū͡
ʱҲ֪˹ͷ֣̻
ݴ½˵˵ֱӶ̻ɽ˵
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ɽĿҲæͷˣңҲûȥݴ½
˵Ļһأûл˻ʵԣԼ֮ԼūͣԲڱѵĿܡ
ǣ˵ģԪӤڵĸֶûȥݴ½ʸݴ½ֵʵжǿ
̾˿Ǿ˵˵µɣ
ǡ̻ɽɴ⣬æӦ
ˣݴ½˵µֻһСʵϣµҲм׹﷽ԲŹң޾ޣ
˻
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ﵽ˹٣ҪᴩµҲҪһǧʱ䣬޴½أȻֻһСݴ½ж
ʱףΪʲô̻˵Ϊ̫ͣȥݴ½ˡҪȥݴ½Ļֻ»ûгµ·ϣġ
ڡ˾мأԪӤʿǧԪӤʿܹﵽ٣Ҳֻµһصģȥݴ½Ǻǡ
ʵӲпᣬԪӤʿٶȣԶԶﲻ٣ֻºľһӵܲµķΧ
͸ǽһŸɣ̾˿˵
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ˣڵɽֻһʮƷСţռطԲʮһƷʮƷʮƷڷԲ֮ڣҲŵɡ
˴ʱѾЩľˣһռĵطͺ͵󣬳ưԵмʮı
ԳһЦû뵽һȻҲ˾֮ܣ޾ĵжŵƾʲô԰
ˣҪҼô̻Сʵ
ˣЩϢܴǵģûκô˰֣Щɺ˵
תͷȥͿļ˴ʱҲĿЦεõЩϢǶòᡣ
ˣʵǲԷƱϡС磬ǶܹﵽĳɾֻͣҪһ磬϶һ̥ǵı仯̻һͻȻ˵
ˣ̻˵ûЩţкܴһֶǴСģǵ츳ΪСԴѷòӣڽ֮ʵͻͻͽһԵɽҲæ˵
˵˵һЦ
û뵽ҾȻȼģ޾ΣֻǶָˣûκܹ赲ҵǰ
˵֮һֱʧԭء
һĵҲһЦǵҲȼ˶־
᳤ղȥʲôôһʵͱǣֱӴﵽԪӤڵĲΣյԱߣЩʵ
һһķġ˵Żұһֱӽȫ飬ĲĴ׷ɡ
ڷĵĸ첲ϣһµķĸ棬Щϲϵйâ˸ɢһĲ
˾ȻһңȻƾŷģһʿӵԪӤڵʵʵԷͬһ㣬ǵˡ
̻ɽԵ̾÷ļ˲ԾԶ˼
ղŻǴĵˣȴĵ׵طƳ壬ʵһʱԽܡ
ˣͻȻʧʲôȥˣĿʵ
֮ͬʱҡҡͷҲ֪ʲôȥˡ
ʱ壬һ㣬ϵسʧУͻмȥ
յͼϵͳָʾ˲ţһһػɱЩߣ彫һ߻ɱ֮󣬶߾ʹϵͳʾ


202 һ
3ɣһ㾭飬ʮ갲ȫ4
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4һۺ죬һεĽǾ飬ǸֱӵĵȼȾøʵڡ
ĻȻ٣ҪʹõʱȴǸͽסġ
һ֮󣬵򽫻磬仰ʲô˼üͷϸ׽仰
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ֿ֮˿4ȴûһ仯ƻ󲻹ǰ׷ˡ
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ڣͨСĴȻƻˣɽ˵һ¡
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һϢĵֽֽ˹ȥûпУ͵վɫû
ӽŲһ̤ĽһĨɫ⻪ؽշŴȥ
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ЩͨӴʱҲͣͷ飬һתͷŴķ򣬲֪淢ʲô£

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һʱ棬ְҵܼΪṩһٶʮ㾭飬3ṩһ㾭飬ʮԭʼɭָṩʮ㾭飬ɳĮṩ˾Űٰʮ㾭顣
ټ֮ǰʣʮ㾭飬ܹһǧʮ㾭顣
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ڿ籩ꡢ췭ظɱֺϳɼͽˣֺϳɼǲģǵĵȼܾ
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˼һ֮ʣµһ㾭飬󷨼ļΪļʦ
ʦ֮󣬾к֪ʶӿԺ֮Уһ̺ɿתԼĶ
ѡ󷨼ܣҲԼĿǣһ󷨵;㷺սǸõõ
о󷨼֪ܵʶǼּģͨѧϰߵĻ󷨼ܡ
ʹչصǶʱ䣬ķּ֣ܾȻͨԼѧϰߡ
ǣòϵͳĳϣΪϵͳһȫǵԼѧϰһֻһûȡ


204 
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ʱһȥ֪ϢЭ͹Ҳ֮գҲǱԽԽš
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壬͵˵ˣһǾ֪׻ᷢʲôˡɫصض˵
嵹ǲ̫ţȻ4ΪµǱһô˵һα仯ӦòʲôΣա
ʲôΣգϵͳĵʮ갲ȫϵͳǿ󣬻ֵİΣǴ´ࡣ
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Ȼ콵˿ԺеƪϵӦҲ˻ã˵ɽе̳ӦҲͨĴ
Ժеƪ˼ת
ƪϷѪϢĴ֣
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ǵڹȻɨһݣȫ͸
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λõ·ʯȪڵŷΧʯȪһʮƷСţΪߵǺʿ
ʱһСŷΧڣʯȪڵ̽еĳټӦôж


205 ǻ
ʯȪʱŴλ֮ϣԱŵе̫ϳϡ
Ŀ͸Щ˷ܣһгϵɨ
һС罵žڣŵĻõĻпܾͻΪŵѡϳϣһǸС
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ϳƳǸһۣСûи֣ҲСڵǳֱǧǧΧЩ϶ҲǶС磬ûʵĻͷ
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ΪʯȪھһʮƷСţ˵ʮƷСʱǸ󺺲ԾؾͰѡСʡˡ
ĻǾ;䣬ЩʮƷһֵģȻʱǳԲ⡣źȵǿԵġ
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ʮƷڶмƷʱʱ̶̿£СԱġ
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û೤ʱ䣬˾˰ٴãԲָǸĴʤʤʦǸƻĴ󡣡
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ʲôĽ类þȫŲƿˣԲ𾪵ʵ


206 ޴仯
ԲڵҲͬʣĽһֱɽµļУôܻ͵һĴﳶϹϵ
Ľʧһ͵ɴйϵһֿܣǾǻĽ类ݴ½񣬱ŲƵС
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ˮۣˡǴʿҲҶʮ겻ԴʿһһҲ׬żƷʯѡ
Ҳ˵żƷ鵤൱ڴʿһ۵ʲʤ޺ãԲڻֵʤʲôſҪ꣬ʵЩơ
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ԲڵĳŵʤƵ˵ȻˣҲͲȴˣ
˵գʤٴɷĩĴǰóʮ죬һסͲЩĩܣڳ󷨡

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ȵʤ뿪֮Բ̾ͽеĸȫټ±ػ֮⣬ʿȫȥ

徲ϥڵϣ˫ĿգмʮԪ֮ôǿȲš
ͬʱĵ֮ڣһųɫĽ𵤲ͣ沼ѺۣʱҪһ㡣
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⻹ҵļޣſھ̿ЩҺ
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ʱϽյҺҲѾﵽޣһ˲Сȫڡ
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207 ı仯
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ԿĸͶٻٻڣȻǵľ֧ͻƵڣǶڹ⻹Ǹز
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ֹ˼֮󡣷ļҲ׷ϣÿ˵ʵͻͽߡ
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4˵һ֮󣬵򽫻磬ٽϸղŷһб仯ȫָһܣǾǵˡ
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ԪԱΪԪԣԪӤǴ֮ʼԪӤʿԪΪĻΪһԪӤ֮
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ͼϵͳ֮󣬵ϵЩεòչǰ˰֮⣬ĵû̫仯ͬ
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һڵͼϷɿСΧĵҲչǰ
ֻһӱúܲãΪΧĺɫڿһЩ㻹ر󣬴Щʵǿ


208 
Щ͵֮ľ룬ǵƶٶȣܿͼǵʱ䡣
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һ֮Щɫͻᵽֻ˸źɫ֪ǶԵе⣬ʱᷢʲô飬֪
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ΧеǶ񱩵֧顣ͻȻֽ绰ߺ͵߳ϣͨѶϵͳ̱״̬
Ҫҷ飬Ը·ȥǡ

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Χʮ㣬ĵرȴûһɸΪʮ˽ɢɻ˵Ķ
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֮УɵҺ˹ÿһ䣬ЩҺ룬һɢŰ׷ϥ
ߵƤ壬ǹϵƤЩ忴˥ϣΪż⣬һǿ֮⡣

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뺣ǲҪһ֮ڵ˵ĻǿɾǱˣ˿ɲԼЦ
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209 
һ򱶣Ҳһ򱶣Щȴûһ˵ϵĳлȫ˺ѣ˷档
ڻȫΪߣټҺʵȻвˣȴû
ھǷеһҰ֮أǧֳ־ʿطΧм䣬СĽضܡ
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Ƭյ룬һʱİ巿
巿棬塢ļˡһڸ߲ȫУԵЩơ
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͸Ѿʧˣ֪ʲôʱٴγ֣ԻϲҪָˡ˵
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210 
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212 ļ
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׻צ
޴ĻצӰϷɳڶʿɵľ˺˼ѿڣмʮʿȥ
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˼ո£ǰ˼ף͵һɫ档
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ЩɫϷɳڿһֻ޴ķˣһųʿгȥ
ϵɫ¶ȼߣΧȫȼڷ˷ɹĵطɫĻ棬ȼš
ãˣǷףֻҪմϣǽĿոɾҪȻϨ𡣡
ʲôǷףܹԸģӣ
ڶʿȥʱһʿվһ԰ı顣
ߣõػԲٿ𣬾ǴķףҲٿظǿ
ʿԪɳԪǰһɢϢĺɫӡԪʼ䰵ǰǸӡʼɢɫâ
ػӡ
Ǹɫӡǰɳɫ滯ķ˷ȥ
ӡɳĺɫ˿ߣɫɵķ˰Ȼͽ˻˺ɫӡС
ɫӡâ·ɻʿԪǰ
ױշڶʿһټܡ
Ȼѷոˡʵ̫˼ˡ
ղʹõǿǽͨĴڣټ϶ԷǽڣҲпܵġ
ҲˣҪҵĿػӡշ
ʿЦʱԪǰĿػӡ͵ѿȻдܳɫ档
Щɫ˷ɢȥΧЩʿȫˡ
׸һմЩʿ塣͵ؾȼȼһ㣬˲Щʿȫӡ
ڶʿήţϵķȼյԽʢ

һҽУЩʿһ˻ҽ
ַǷףϰٸʿҲûκεս֮
ˣЩʿĿҲǳ˿־塣
֮󡣾ֵĶ֡
Էų֣ڶʿǱҪ׽ֻҪһμ幥ܹʮһˡ
ȴùЩһӣһˮ֣ˮγһԹٸʿΧ档
ˮӰԹ
Χסһ˲䣬ǼٸʿĵһӦǹϷ·ˮڡ
ʿͬʱˮӰԹһ𶯣ȴʼûļ
ˣˮӰԹǽϣʼۣЩˮ˴ǽģϢǶǼٸʿһģһ
ʲô
ûЩʿӦģͬˮ˾ͷ˹
ָоʮֵĹ죬ǾǺԼսһЩˮ˻û㣬ˣǷˮѹŴ
ܵˮӰԹڵ龰һٴδ߶ˮӰԹ
սЩʿˮϣٴһʵͬˮˣ͸ղǸˮһǹȥ
ˮ˵£Щʿ̱֧׾ͬʱϵ˿ҲԽԽ࣬ʵıɱ
ǲûԼᱻɱǴû뵽ǻԼĸС
δ߶ˮӰԹҲѾﵽ˼ޣǧͤվڶʿǰ
˴ʱЩʿѾǲԸˡ
ǱҪ˺ԷԷȴɱǵˣǸеʮֱ
ӲˣСôҾͲܰÿסһʿֱתһȥ
ʿʱҲˣСȫ֣ҪȻսôʱ䣬һ֧ԮĸֶûС


213 ˺ͶɽٵĲ
ҵСĵرģǰץ˵ģҪ׽ǼţԼµĵӳְɣ
ǵ׽ţǻǺơ
ߣȥĵط˭Ը⼸˽־ϰɣǲˡ
ЩɵϾʿӣһ֮󣬺Ȼɢŵ˷Ӷȥ
һĻŭһԪữһֻ޴ƣЩɢӵĳʿȥ
ڴʱһԷɳʮֻһЩԪƣһס˵ĹɢĴɢ
ˣʲô˼Ϊʲôµӳ֣
һɽٺڵʿŭʣԱߵʮɽʿҲһƵؿˡ
ӣȻǸɱ˺
ˣѾ˼ԪӤʿԪӤһδˣ㲻̫ô
Ǹɽٺڵʿ˵ηϵơ
˲Ǵ˳ڣԪۺҲôɽʿⲻˡ
ʮɽʿ͸ң̫ʱû֣ѾʮƷŵĿ£
͵վϵǣӸµؿǼɽʿһЦ˸űɱ
ˣҪǳ֣ѵͲ¿պڶֶԸôһڶɽʿ䱸ؿˡ
ΣÿһƷĲ࣬غ蹵ƣˣ
һףһӨ͸СɽɳɢֲĲʮɽʿȥ
쿴ɽһӰ˵ļƷɷ壡
һɽʿϳɫص˵
Ө͸СɽϣһʮĻӰϣɫĮʮɽʿ
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ǸɽٺڵʿŭһҲųԼķһƵĴӣڴҲһʮҵİӰ
ʿ״Ҳ׷׷ųԼķֻǵķϵӰӤģм꺢ͯģ
ȻһƷֲøңΪܹҿ𣿿Ц
һ˦һԪӨ͸СɽڣǸӰվһָһƹɳЩɽʿķײɴ롣
ͬʱµСɽҲڷɿıɢǿĶɽٺʿĴӷסȻȻȥ

ǸɽٺʿæһԪ֮УӲһ
Ӱ£ΧĿУʼ֮ᣬ󻯳һ󸫣Өɽȥ
ЦһٴνһԪ뾧Ө͸ɽڣɽ϶ʱֳɫķġ
Щһ֣ӨɽַΧڵͻȻǱĴ󸫺Ȼ飬֮ɢ

һ޴ңңӨɽݺײڴϡ
ϵӰһҽУȥǸɽٺʿҲһѪϢ˲˥˲١
ӨɽȴǺͣ٣ײȥЩɽʿȫˡ
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ˣ֮Ǽˣϼ͵ڶŰɣ
Щɽʿ׷ʹ֮һ⣬Զȥ
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Ϊǰӵõ𣿡˲мһЦһӣʮɽʿĴָͷȫȡȻ¡
ѵĲϼͨԽǿˣСɮ̾ΪֹպһЦ˵
ӵ˵ͷϼĲϼ鴫
˻˼˵ֵڶɵȻõʮҲֻܴ͸µʹá
˵ԹȴһҲں
ڶСΣȫɱˣֲСžˡ
պЦЦû˵ʲôӸȫעؿڽеս
ڶʿ˷ɢȥĵɫ䣬æطûи֣ЩʿɢǺ롣
һӣǽ֣סЩҪɢȥĳʿһЩʿΧĿֱѹ
ǧͤһ˲ּʮЩʿǰ̧һָгʿᣬԪľɥ
ϵļɽεضЯ߿ֲƣڶʿײȥʿֱӱɽײýǷ飬Ԫɢ
վڵϵޣٴŭһֽɽɢĳʿȥ
򣡡
ʮƮ׵һ㣬ڶʿ¡
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ĵϷɿĳһɫţ˷ӳЩŷɿըֲĸ£Χĳʿȫճɷɻҡ
սȫķĵˣ˿ֲɱЩʿҲ¥װϵʿˡ
ʮһˣ츳ͨҲʮǿսֻͨҪΪʿǴʿеĶǿߡ
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ͬպʦ˵Ҳһ˵
˵Ƥ˳飬ƤЦⲻЦ˵պУӣǸղŲǷҵôҾǻΪá
·Ļɽ¾Ҫֵ˺ˡպеȿ˵
У˵ɫһӳ
УҲʼɢ̹ǵϢ
УһżŭԶԶ
תͷȥͿһҾ޴״󴬣ɿʻվǧʿлһʿɽµһˡ
պУ㲻Ӧøһ𣿡˺ͻӶһؿſպС
պҡҡͷҲ֪ȵһʱ֪
û೤ʱ䣬󴬾ͷɵ˽ǰԲڴɽһ̫ϳϿֱӷɵ¥֮ϡ
Բɽʲô˼ҪСôɫʵ
ˣҪС磬֮ԵΪСɽµĻĽ磬ֻǲ֪ʲôԭ򣬱ǨƵˡԲڿڽ͵


214 
ʲôСǻĽ磿պһüͷܿͽ
ûмʮһţǸһôпϼͺ½ɷС磬ڣȴǸûܡ
ǿЦ˵СǵģǵģĻҲ˵ÿС綼ϼģǲǵʱ˭ܶ
Цһؼ
Բڱ˵ˣСɽµĻĽ磬ʤʦóĽۣŵĻ֤
Բ˰ɣӦʤʦ֤ȥ֤˵һλɴܵţǲҲҪȥʣ
Ȼ˵ʵ˵ҲףԲ˵ʮа˾ģʤʦα
ǣ˾ԲԲ˵ʤʦҲΪ飬ٴµвķ
Сʮһ̫ϼǾԲܷġ
Բòʲô֤ݣֻǿտƾĻǲܷСġվһԵĻӣʱҲ˵
һ˺ͻӣԲڵɫҲΪѿ
˺ͻ˶ǴʿɽһҲֻʿһʿš
˫ʵȽɽ²ռʲôơ
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ʱŭһϵԪһӾ
ɽһһΪҪΪǿæгһҲͷų
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ЩɽµʿͷȥͿԪЮڿл貵ĺۼʮһʿȥ
ܵЯĿֲƣЩɽʿҡҡͷʮһʿˡ
˵ǽʿƾǺʿֲֿļ幥Ҳʲô³Ҳһ˵Ľ
ޱ
Ϳպ׼ֵʱһϢĺɫӰӵϷһȭС
һҵķ򲨶ɢȥǧͷɿԪɵ޳ڿСȻԪӭȥ
ȻЩֻǧͷɢƣȴ˿Ԫ˿һ޵׺Ϣ
ͻȻֵǧͷޡ˺Ϳպжһ㶣˳ֵ뷨ǵɫӰ̲ס¶Щ֮ɫ
ܹ⼸ʿôһܹԽսܹԽսĳʿһδĶʿԲ˵
ȫû˵Ϊ֪Բ˵û˵õˣţмĿܳΪɴܡ
ɫӰԪ񣬼ʿļ幥ԲǷܹסģ˴ʱվ
Ԫ۳ļǧͷޣᷨͨ򣬵Щǿ׽ЩʿԪ˺ѡ
ЩʿԪ񣬸һЩ޽Ӵ̾мٸʿԪ˺ѣûдﵽڣЩԪһ˺ѣ̾ɢؼ䡣
ͬʱҲԪЩϣʮ£ɱһͷޣڼ䣬ѾʿԪ˺顣
ȵһͷޱʱԭʿԪֻʣ˼ǧʣЩʿԪҲϢԪȣȻղǳսĴ
һĻ¥װϵ˻һ
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һĻЩʿɫͻ䣬Ԫ̵ͷźȥҲҺӲ
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ʱͺȺһ㣬ڶʿһ֮С
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ţһСɵķڣȻѾʵġ֪ǸСһܲܶԸˣ˿Ǹڳһۣ˵
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ȭܲסȻҽס֣һȭ£ֱӶѡ
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ꡪ
Ķضסһֱӻ飬˷ȥ
ǸڵԪƬзɳҪԶ롣
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һǸʿԱߣһȭȻһһŹˮ֣ԪУܿͽ丯ʴɾ
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ˣңպŭһҲŵϷȥ
ۿ˵Ԫ־ҪץǣԱߵͻȻһһҿ۴зɳ


215 ȫ
ڸϵˣһ
һ·ϣ߶ۣðһЩռΪľһ֮ڣϵպС硣
ԺеϢʱ̶жʣʱ䣬һڹ涨ʱ޷ôȴֻһ³Ĩɱ
˸һתͷͿ˶ǳֵˣ˫ĿŭϵĺëȻը
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˺Ϳպɿֲѹѹ£ֻͶſڵϣսŵ棬ܶ˿
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С˱˺ǸشжʧܵĻôͻᱻĨɱ
еܹɢݻֶ֪ΣɴܶûУǸشڵǿɴ˿ɼһߡ
ǰɽԲڡ֪Ϊʲôŭǰǰ̧֣һ
ԲڵڼװϣЩѵ˵
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ƾѹʿ޷˿лĸʿֱħһֶΡ
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ˣҲţҲһţȻΪûĿɸתɢɣʵȴǼǿ
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˵ɫ΢΢ãµĵ䲼涨ûܵƵ£߼ʿ¾ͼţΥ߱ϳ͡
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ĺǣҪһᣡ˷һЦųһɭɭĹȻ
λʮ˽ɢɣҲ׷׷ųԼĹֲڵĸλȫλػ
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˵ը죬ЩʿԪһ󸡶
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װϵɽ˵ĻȫŭĿӡ
ôɢɸֽѵˣҪҳӻԱ߿أ˼Һ½λ˿һ˵ĶûС˺شЦ
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ߣԲɫʮѿһ˦䣬󴬷ȥ
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ԲڵĻɽµʿ۾һ԰ֻҪĽ˳ǾͲͨӵԭϡ

ϣͷǶһۣǸҲ
ˣһжˣʮķչʱ䡣˵
ʮ꣬ϣʮ󣬵ܹԱĿŵʮЩ̾˵
п֮ͷļ˾ͿʼɨսЩԪӤںͳʿôҲеҰɣ
ʮĬռЩָԼɱЩʿġ
Щ棬ջʿĽָЩŵرƷʯ൱1200鼫ƷʯһĴʿҪС
ȻҪȥƷʯ϶ô࣬Ҳͻ1000鼫Ʒʯ
ΪûҪøƷʯƷʯߵĲʵ̫
ǣϵͳϵͳĶһϵͳʮģһǹ̶ģǶһɸ߼ʯ֮ϵͳҲһϵƣֹöһ׬ȡʯ
˵ջҲǲСջٵ׾Ҳжʮ鼫Ʒʯ൱һʿʮ
Ȼָʿֻ֮ʣʲ
ʰսƷ֮󣬷ĵ˻Ҫȥݷû˼λɢɣסˡԷǱϵͳŪģԼЩ˸죬óȻǰȥ˭֪ʲô


216 뿪
һȫȥƽæµ˶æؽ԰ӵ˷Ƿ֮һжü򵥶ݡ
һ͹ӵķݽһΰĳǳذεض˿ʼȥӦµ
ûйûй˾ûũеֻ޾ԭʼɭ֣Ͳбޣָ黨ݡ
ڹҵ֯£һЩ˿ʼ¿ũʳһЩԭʼɭ棬ɼҰɱޣΪʳԴ
ͨԺе͹ÿ˶綼һʶЩԭʼɭֵˣʲôĵر֮󣬶˽²
Ͼ˭ɵӣðΣճⴳеջ񶼽ȥ
Щĵرʹ֣Щ־Ϳʼ齨һЩ˽֯ԭʼɭֽ̽գΪԼѰĵر
Щ֯ĵҲȡĬ̬ȣֻйһ֯ĻɻˮһƬЩ֯ĵָܿ
Щ˽֯̽յĹУһЩҲʼ֣ҵ̬ȵǼΪ׼κ˽֯
ֻҪҾӾͻһʱϵȻǰɡ
ȻǸҵ˽֯Ҳõҵʯ
ǿ壬ټϻ㲻Ľڹҵĸܡ
Ϊ˸õʯһ֯ѧҿʼʯоȡҳʯİ취
ʿֱʯڵʯһڣ¾ʯ𣬵ȵ󣬾пܱڵԪ顣
ֻʯԶɢЧʵ̫ͣһʯЧҲȲֱӴһʯ
Сʯķ֣һֱʯڵȻӦĵҩʯԾӰ졣
һʹ󷨣ʯڵͷųȥʯ֮󣬹ʿա
ЭҲҵ˲ٵֱӶֽЩӴг룬ȻЭܲĵ¡Щһ
󣬷ΧȻڻûﵽҺĳ̶ȣŨѾ
ǳս֮ԭȥˢʮʵǴ򿪵ͼϵͳ֮ȴȵķ֣ϵĸʧˡ
ͼķΧֱµȫߣµϿĸλá
ݵͼıһ¡ĸҲٹľ롣
û˸ʮ֮Ƿ㹻ʵ򣿡鿪ʼó
彫̻ɽѯʱİ취Ͼ֮ǰꡣ
ˣЩɶӻŵӵļ磬ֻҪΪɵŵӣͲܵš̻һ˵
Ϊɵŵӣüͷ΢塣
ˣЩ֮ĿľΪСż룬ϾµŶǳС硣
̻Ľͣ˵ͷ涨ȷСż룬Ѿˡ
̻Ӧüʲôɣ忪ʵ
ˣɽ¡ϼ½ɶʮƷţʮƷžܹǣҸоʮƷϵŸȫ
˵˵֪ʮƷϵŰɣ̾˿˵
ǣˡɽǧһʮƷ佣ڣɾѧǡ佣С
̻֮УԽƮԽԶϾҪ뿪ˣмĵط
ļʱЭӰչĵر
ЭʱҲѾΪͨЭᣬľмӰ֪˽֯ҶҪ֡
֪ͨЭչĵر֮вٵǰƷһЩȽϵͼĶЩ߼ĵرȴû˳֡
֪Ϣֻ֮һЦЩǴѺöԺԼðȻĻóɣǣֻܸ߼Ʒһ
һ̣רͷʯߡ
ˮƳɵܲˮƣһݺύһ¸ӵ󷨡
ЩУԽϺõĻƽ𣬶󷨵룬һķĿӶԽʯС
Ȼ˶֪ʯǺöǸûа취ʹãǾվڱ棬ȴûнԿס̾Կס
ͨЭ̵Ĵ֮Щ˸տʼţ̵֮Ǿȫˡ
߼ĵرл㼯Ϊ̣ЩѾѹ׵ĺöȫ˳
ⲻЩĿǳ֪ѺöԺԼãǱ
Щһ̵ˣʵһЩһ̵˾ֻһ³ɱϵı
ǻñһ̣ǿʵ
õڶĵر֮ͿʼչƷ͵ҩ
ȻֻʦѾﵽ弶ʦˮ׼ܹƳƷֻûеõϵͳĳϣ޷ϵͳĳɹʼӳɡ
ʮ֮彫еĵر˴롣Ƴ˼ʮƷ
зĵÿһһѩͽˣҲ÷˸ȥ
ĸͶٻٻһһһܵСͷۣʹüƷʯĻ˲ٵ١
ڸԼƷʱ峬ӣƳƷ
ʱеǧͭ죬ϴϸƣ΢
ڹ֮ϣܹ̻ĸļ󷨣ֱγˡᡱء١ĸġ
ĸļ໥ϣøǿֱ׷󷨡
ֽɫͭ̲ͭһ͸¶һϲ֮顣
ʱ뿪ˣ
˸ĸʮ֮ͰѷǽԼҪ뿪ǡ
Ҫ뿪׾ҲһĨᶨվ˵壬Ҹһ뿪ҲȥɣҪȥһңұҪߵ·
׾Ļ嵹ûжپȣڼʶ׾֪֮һ·
͸㣬Ӧã¥ӡóݸ׾
׾ӹ¥ӡ֮Ͼ¶һĨϲ֮ɫ˵ͷлл㣬壬ҺҪ
֮󣬳˷ľ˶׼ȥѰܹӻ
ǾܷĵĳȥɣһΪǿغô󷽵ġᶨ˵
Ҳ˵ͷǴ˴γȥȻܻΣգҲнϴĵѡࡣ
᳤ʮټ֣裬Ǻúñأ
˵֮ųԼĸ·һҳɵķۣȻͶٻٻлһ˽ȥ
͵һʧԭأŵȥ


217 ɽµĽɱ
ֻǼʻķۣѾɳ˵µȥ
ǷɳʱǼеɢɸֶ˷һۣͼչأԪȥˡ
ǸشֻػڵϵЩ˳ȥǻͲĵˡ
Ƶҷٶȼ죬˲ȻһЩջܹﵽǧ٣ɳɽɵķ䷶ΧֻҪѰСʱʱ䡣
Ǽ˳ȥѰʲôԵ϶Ҫں֮ңǵˣں϶Ķ಻㡣
ǵķ۸ոշɳûжԶͱغɽµӿϢɽ£ɽɳ˼ڸǰȥء
ɽЩ߲㿴Ľǿʿ壬Ƿڵʵɳ㹻ȫ¡
ץĽЩͨӣϾһõ飬˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱ˳öɽϵĸֵʱ¡
֮ǰ̻Ľ֮Ѿ佣ڡ
佣ǾһʮƷţֻһڹľ룬ɵķ䷶ΧڣŵĻİȫܹõ̶ȵıϡ
ǿٸ·ʱɽµڸѾһǰһɽϵȺ
ʿһ뷢԰׵ϺΪףϺΪԶͨѾķֻټϺڵΪǿպĺڸ֡
ʿΪҲȫǺڣһڵʿûУɴ˿ɼɽ¶ҷǷǳӣϾҲȷǲҷ档
֮ǰʮɵظɵ˷ʿ˭ܱ֤ûصʵҪúǰڵʿԸ塣˵ͱɱˡ
ɽʿ˴Լһʱ䣬ͿһҰɷԼٶȷһ˲ͷɹϰٹ
ߣˣǵյˡ
Զŭһüзɳһ޺࣬ӭһҡ˲仯ɴС˲仯һ⡣Ͷ뵽޺ü֮С
޺ұһӣʮɴСĽɫƾǰɷȥ
ڽɫƵΧ޾һΧƣΧֱӱɾŤһʵʵӡҪƶ
ڵҲܵһƵƣ֮⣬˵Ϸ׷ױɫ
طࡣǺڸֵĹ̻
ʿÿһ֮Ĳ࣬صĲ̸ֻ࣬ǻʵҪϼʮ
ټϷʵֶΣ֮Ĳ
ԽǵڣڻʵԽҲΪʲôԽǵ˺ڣԽԽսԭ
һŵĻʵҲͨʿҪһЩǷȴҪ࣬£ǸžԲǸͨʿĶ֡
ڵİɷֱӱķɣڷ۵ϣһǳǳӡҷ۲ƷֻѾһ顣
ԶϵʵǿҰɷƷɣȻܹӡ
ǻ˵Զϵʵɲ⣬֣һԿžˣԶϣ⼸Сɫʲô˻
޺ɽ¼ǿķ֮һơ޳ɵ࣬ǰǲһ
ʿ潻̸ĽؿžԶУ漸˵ĻԶеϣҲǲ¶֮ɫ
˲ʧ弸˵ӰС
ʮţȻʮһʵ̫ˣȻˣǾͲҪٻȥˣ
޺෢һЦǰ죬ֱ弸ץ
лҪ㿪ֻƣȴоһɿֲǶԭأܶ˿
ȸС߳
ûܵһ㣬һӣǰͳȻ
һչɣ๼צðɫɫ޴˫ȶĳɫΧŻת
һһٶɵĹߣһֻ޴ͷ΢΢ζĿ⣬޴ϵֻצ˸źâֻƬĳȶ
ΧɫΧŲתЩɫĻϱ仯ɽӰɢһǿѹ
֮ǰˢʱֻҲѾﵽʮѪǵѪŨ˰ٷ֮ʮ
ѪŨȵֻʵԪˣǻʼ޵ܣӵͨ
ֻ޵໹ֻϧ˾ԶϣҪһķ˰ɣ
Ե顣ֻ޵ԪǿңͬԪ£޸ʿĶ֣Ҳǿ㣬ܶత£
û취޵Դ⣬ڷʮҲֻܿԪۺʿ⡣
ȸСͻȻڳУõʿһ㶣ܵǵԪ֮󣬾ͻ벻
ԶкǼʿĿһͷ޸Ķ֣Ҳܶ࿹ιˡ
Ĺû˿仯ɫƼһץȥ
𽥿Ľɫƣȸһ˫֮УɫĻߣ˲ͻǽɫƣڻС
һԵСҲûиɿţ³һƹ⣬Ǿ޴Ľ޺ȥ
һΪλӰ¶磬Ӧǹۣͨ
ǵƹԶæʹԼǿֶΣͨҪǵƹֱɢ
һεĲɢȥֻҪԷķ򾳽粻ԶԶͨͿԽԷķɢ
ǣȴԶ֮⣬ͨǵƹûκӰ죬ǵƹֱϣط̾Ϳʼʯ
ԶһæԪֵطʯͬʱҲΪ⣬֪ΪʲôͨʧЧ
ѵҵķ򻹲ߣԶոͷ̾ͱԼˡ
⿪ʲôЦԷһޣҪ˵ޣʲôϾ޵ʿǿѾǲʵ
Ƿʿó飬ڷϱһ߱ȥ˵̻һߣ
ͨʧЧԶɼ𶯣һʱ֮䣬ְٰͷ
Сһ۳һȶ˲ʧԭأ˾ԶطԱߡ
ĳβ˦ֱӳ˾ԶѾʯһطϡ
꣬ꡪ
Զ޺°˲ѿʯӿе
ԭ۵ʿǱס˲ӵѼӣʱˣһ仰Ҳ˵
ô£ӦǾԶķͷޣȺץסȻǷôڵô˾Զϱ˰طأ
ʿЩ㶣ֻо仯̫죬ЩӦ


218 
ʲôæԶתͷһŭĶŵµʿ
ԶصؿȸСߣû뵽ͷ޵ʵȻǿȻԪǱֳʵҪǿ
һĻ尵ҡҡͷһ;ԶʵʿҲսɡ
ǾԶΪƵͨСߺȸ˵Ͳһá
Сߺȸʹõǵõϵͳϵļܣϵͳıӻ£ͲͨӰ졣
ԶŭԺ󣬵ʿŷӦ׷׷ųԼط࣬ս״̬
һͷ߼ʮɣɵľ޴һ˵ǰ
ͷͽ޺ߵͬ·ߣȫȡʤͷצһϵɽʯֱӱץɷĩ
ֻһԾС˹
ΧһǿҵĿ粻ת棬ľɽʯһӴɿ磬̾ͻ촷ۡ
צ֮ϣмʮɫĲת͸¶ϢҪ˺ǰһС
СתͷһۣһĨмβһ˦Яżƿȥ
æֻǰצɫĵļӳ¡β¡
Сߵβϣ͵رʮɫģЩɫ˲ͱɫȻǴִβ谭ǰצϡ
꣡
ĺʿֻоһȻΰϮֻǰצֱѣȻβͣ٣ؿϡ
ۣ
شһ³ŷϵԪ
СҪ׷ֻʣϰĽ޺ࡣһС¡
ڽ޺ϣöɫķγһϸСߣɢֲĸ£ΧȫȼγһƯ滷ơ
˻˻
СţϱٸɫģȻȫ븹µצ֮Уצ˲˻Ƴɣ˸͵Ĺ
۳һȡɳ˲䶯צŽ޺ӭȥ
飡
һײСߺͽ޺˼ʮС߸צĹ΢΢Щǽ޺ȴңѾѿ϶
Сߡ˻˻һſһƹ⣬޺ȥ
з޺һƹܿǻûһӰһСѾĽǰצץȥ
޺ſһ£ϵԪһγһɫҪסСߵצ
꣡
ֻǼƬ̣ɫͱСߵצץƣʱ޺ҲӦ˹ƺᵲǰСӲƴһǡ
Сߺ޺ʱһԵȸһתͰ߷ϣ˫һ񣬻һ⣬ȥ

һ˺෢һҽУǰֱӱȸ˺ɢ֮䡣
ȸ߽һҪٴ๥ȥһӰżƿٽӽ
ҳһģǵӰֱӱȸķɣڿ˼˳˼ʮֹסΣͣڿС
һͷչʮɵɫӥ࣬ڷıϣһ޴İӰתţԲʱɢ΢⡣
衪
һۻţһִȸȥͬʱһͷ߼ʮɣһʮɵľţȸȥ
ͷţϣ׵˸ʮɫΧֻתþţԵۻ롣
ͬʱȸıһ޴һֻ߰ɣëľ޴ɷӵԾѪɫĵĴ׳ֱȸץ
ߺߡ
ߺȸΧʮöɫķĻŲϷ衣
˳Žķȥһͷϳëľ޴վͷϵļɼΪǷ˫ɫ
ԣʿ׼ȺɱȸȥԶС
ܵ˵ĹȸһŭУ˫һһɫɵĹչ
ִڹϣûκӰ죬ҲûܹƹֵķǺëɷĹùһ΢΢ζ
ӸղٻȸСߣżʮʱ䣬еսѾ˰Ȼ״̬
лȫһ㵵ؿһУ֪ʵǿû뵽гޣʵȻҲǿ
ȻûмսǴսನǿȾͿƶϳһδνֵǺεǿҪȥĻֻ»ᱻֱɱ
лвЩɬȻ֮ǰڵϣʵֻȷǵ֮ĵڶ֣ڣȻһ£мĲʵ̫ˡ
һһֱĺ׷𣬾׷ĽŲҲлﰵ
壬СȸͬʱڸΧ᲻£ٻٻЩĵʵ
ʱ徭ȸС߷ųٻٻѾϤˡ
һЦȸʵɲֹˣΪҪǿȸˣʹ⣬ս
ȸһ˲úɫľʯɣȻ⻪һһɫ켣ʿطüĴ
ۡ
ʿֱӱȸײ÷飬Ҳȸɫȼոɾ
ӴطȻأڵҳӣͿʼһɢ֮䡣
ߵ춯Ҳ˾Զеע⣬ԼʿѾȫɱ⡣
һĳСӲƴһǣԶгûˣһ޺࿪ʼȼһɾ޴
ৡ
޺žԶԶӳ˲Ѿﵽǧ١
Զܣȸſ죬³һɫ⣬˲׷޺࣬˷ͷ­ڵľԶС
ԶֱӱΣȻɫȫճɷɻңֱ֮ǰԶеУԾǲʵɫ
һ֣˵Ĵָͷ˹䵽С
ʵҪѧű˽ɱ
Цһ·ųɷۣ˽ȥ֮󣬷һ𣬼佣ڷȥ
ھԶȥһ˲䣬ɽƵڣöͬһʱ飬ֵصҵ֮һæϢȥ
ʲôԶȫûˣôܣϢһ˲䣬Բһɫվ
ԲʦܣԲʦܣһεȽϽ鷳һˣ׷ʲô飿
Բ̸еλɽʿԣǰȥľ
ϣҪǼλɢɸֳ֣ҪȻǾһϣûˡԲĬĬ
µصĸ֣һƶС磬ֵʵǿҲǿȥµǼɢɸЩҲҪ


219 鱦
ڽֵĵطΧɽʯ飬ݻ٣ַϢþòɢʾŸղսļҡ
⻮гΧһɽϡ
һ룬üһ룬ɢұĺɫ΢⣬ԺȦΣϴһֱֻɫɮۣһģ觵װΡ
һУһĺɫͭ壬ԺһȦΣϴŴɫɮۣɮ۳¶˺ɫë
ʳǼʿкǸۺŭһȻ󣬼ʮɳĴŲ£Щȫȱ
ЩȻҳɽµӵǸ
ǸüһĺһץΧļƷϢץУ۸һ
ɽµӵķϢɷϢɷϢȻȴһۻǿӦ޵Ϣ
üкĺл˵
Բʦܣ˼ǣɱԶǵֻޣЩɢɸ֣Ǹۺæʵ
ʮа˾ˡԲʦ֣ǻȥɣ
Բ˵Żֱڿնɽµķȥ
Բʦܣǲȥ׷ɱֻ𣿡Բæϣͬʱѯʵ
Բʦǵ飬Ѿ鵽ˣˡȫûнɽڵĿܣαΪǴ¡
ԲǵȻƽĻȴ˸еһ䡣
Բʦ˵Ҳԣں϶ȷǲֵǴ£
ԲǺԲ뿪ˣԶм˵кԾԭأʱ౻Ѫ˹

µϣһɽϱΪɽޣ仨ݣһЩȱʿµĶż
ˣɽµ̽ʥأÿ궼ʿǰ̵ӿɽ֮С
ȻʿҲһ֡
һҳǧɵķۻƳգɽķǰ
۵Ĳ棬һ־޴ձ־ӡ档ʮƷڵɱ־
ڷڲֳķ䣬ÿһĲãԵüΪݻһļֵһͨͥʮӡ
Щ棬סŵһʿ󲿷˵Ԫ档һȽյţĻɫӦǸķ
һ˵Ԫ棬ȴһȽյͭšɢϢҲԶЩҪǿ
ڷ۵ǰˣмʮӿķ䣬סŵǷʿǵԪ棬ҲŻͭš
ֻǺͳʿͬǣԪŻͭţ΢΢һѷ죬һɹ֮Ϣɢ
ǵԪЩϢӰ£ԼٶȣһһرǿڷĸҲһһļ
Ǹ棬һڴϣԪͷ΢΢һ֮Ưĺ档
ſɣ߶ɣųɫĻƣһ״һȥ͸оһ
곤һԪڣҲʧ
˷䣬ŷ۵ļʻȥһ·Щʿ궼񣬿ڳ
æ
䷫ʲôʱִܹɽ
һԵλ£Щ͵ʵ
Ѿִɽһʱ䣬ǾͿԵĿĵءһͷ췢ɫ̤ǰһش
һʱ䣬ȥǶɣϣεؾ֮вʧ˸ЩڴĹâ
ͬʱҲʿɽĿҲĳһؾֻǲ֪ڹľ룬ǵĿǷͬ

ַһǧ֮󣬷۾ڿͣ
ǲһȥ佣ڣ忴ǰļʵ
壬佣͹ˣȥĵطѰһԵϾһݻԵͰȫһ֡лЦ˵
ȻˣҲǿʲôѣʱϵң˵ͷ˵
ڵϵʱѾϴָˣڣԱʱϵ
壬ʮټ
ʮټ
л˾ͻ⣬ĴͶȥ
Ҳ߰ɣ
ʱߣֻʣ¶ٻٻԼūͣ˽˷ۣ佣ڸȥ
磬ֻʱķֱʮ󣬴һġߣٻٻο
ţôͻȻôƺңе㲻ϰߡҡҡͷ˾תͷŶٻٻЦʵ
ⲻڲҲǴ˹Ŵĳ
ϴʱһɫۣϵ׺ɫĹ㣬ͺҹһ
ƵķȻûʲô̫ķãԶྻĹܻеġ
ȥ佣ڵ·ϣҪᴩµɽɽһȽխĵطֻǧ
Ǿɽʱɽ͵رֲһгֱ֣Ӿͽǵķ۾˽ȥ
кȻըɢȥΧ±ƽղʲôҲû
ȻУ嶼ûüӦȥٿط۵ʱΧѾƽ
磬ʲô£ٻٻʵ
֪Ǻһ֮Сɫ˵
彫Ԫų̽ΧûзκεΣա
ȥ̽һ
ֱӶʵİԸ
Լ֮ūͣʯ̽·ѡ
ǣˣ
ӷܴ߳ţΧŷתһȦҲûвκ쳣
ˣûзκ쳣
̽һ£ѷֽסٻٻ׼һвԣʹ˲뿪
廷һִյģʲôûС
磬һţٻٻȻе
ߣǹȥ
§ŶٻٻǱ߷ӣūҲǽں档
ȴŵ棬ĸӵַȻ岻ʶַ˼ȴӡԺ
鱦
ˣпĳһؾɽڵؾ಻ʤӦǻԵɺϣĳؾʱ򣬱ġһԵ̻˵
ؾôܹȥüͷһ壬̻ʵ
̻ȻûнؾжؾĽȴǲ٣Ҳ֪ؾһЩ
ˣҪؾﵽؾĳҪ󡣲ȻĻֻƾžԵʵӲȥǲؾҲɢһĸ֣ԡ
ˣ˵ˣһִ̻Ļ
ʵԲɢɣҪȥĻֻܴﵽؾҪ


220 
ڵǧ֮൱ںڵʿԪǧԪӤ֮൱ںʿ
ں϶ǰٷ֮٣һԪܹӳʮֵ൱Ƕɽٳڵʿ
Ȼⶼڲ㷨£ҪǼ㷨иֶεĻɽʿһжס

峤һǰĴƿ˽ȥ
źһƬԭͷգһ̫档
Ȼһ廹Ϊؾ˳֪ǣΪڲԭľͷȾֻһСء
ƬԭϣѾۼ˲ˣЩеɶѣеǼʮ˾ۼһ
Щ˴һ弸ˣһЩЦ
һڣԪӤڣȻڣʵȻҲؾǲ֪ôдǲм˵
ǿɲһŶ˵˼ҸǾţԽսԷˮƵģСıһаˡԱ˿Ц
ǲؾ̽յģǱؾʱоġһ׳Ĵ̾һЩ֮ͬ⡣
Ǹʿ˵ĻԵǶԵǼ˵ǵĲˡһЦ˵
ЩȫĶ̫⣬Ҫʱ԰ūջԼ֮顣ʱֻҪٻٻһˡ
ĿЩ˵ɨЩ˵ΪǺܸߣΪǿһҲǷڡ
Ȼԭϵڶ࣬Ҳֻ׼ЩȺʿӦúһҲǱоġ
һȴΧһȦЩɢʿֻվȦ⡣
ΧʿۡҲһ˽⡣
ߵǹʿϣȫһֻױ־ȺʿʮƷڵĵӡ
Ϊ׵Ǹ׳Ϊϳɣüµ۾У⣬촽ţʾԸ
ʱڲݵϣΧûһֻֻףΧϷ衣
ʵʮǿԳΪɱʿǼֻסÿһֻɱʿʵ
׳Աߵһָ꣬˳Ƥ𪣬ϸͷഹ¡ɢһϢ
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ʱһʿڿնڿٷȥ
ʱ䣬Ǹʿͨͨɵ˶档
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ҲŸڵĵӣʵͨȥ
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ʵܵǰȥҹȥ
Ǹոߵǰʹһȣһ
ߡ
ŭһָһֱ粣һ顣
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һĨâȡԼĳһӣֱӽǸӰɢе֮Ҳһɨա
תͷȥͿϺʿ߷ɹһ˵ϣһƷ
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ߣҪĹ㻹˵Ļôֻǽ̽ôˡǸýĳϺʿЦһ
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ء
ǸϺʿֱӱһɣԪǱҵײ顣
ղȻֻǱʮ֮һҲԲһʿܹܵģǸʿֻԪ񱻻飬Ѿʵˡ
һĻΧЩֵȫ¶֮ɫôҲû뵽ϼҴڣǲʿȻǿʵ
Եʽ
Ҷ˪
ڤף
ʱĸϺʿҲ巢˹һǼ˸ǸصĳϺʿԶӶݡ
ɨǬ
еĳһɨ˵ĹȫƳ
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˫ָ£һȥת֣ϺڵʿϮȥ
ۡ
ͷɴ͸ϺʿҽǵԪҲֱӳ˺顣
˻
Ϻʿ³ڳļȫһ
ԳϳڵΪȻɵĻɱϺڵʿ㲻ܹԽսҲͬ޵еš
ΧڶʿȥЩ˷׷ױܿĿ⣬ӡ
ʱǵУĻиղŶӣʱǵУΪ˽巽ĸ֣ڲǵĴڡ
ʿı֣ջߣŶٻٻʵͨȥ


221 ͨ
һ߽ʵͨϵ׵
ÿһ׵綼гڳʿȫһʵǿֻ¼¾Ҫƿ׵ɷɻҡ
ԪͷɳһӣһѻγɵĴɡǵͷ׵£ȴֻܽ𼸶𻨣޷ѻɡֺ
ͨǰ棬ʱҲǸʩֶΡ
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׳һȣΧ׵ʧһգڵͨϣͥŲ˿ҡ
ڵؽаŵֶҲǷǷÿ˶ųԼǵͷС
˵аӦ׵磬ЩСȴˣÿ׵£ʮֻСǰ׵˺ɡ
ؽаֻСÿ׵£ſһм׵类¶С
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Ů¶ֻ¸֮⣬·һѩ÷
ݸղЩʿĽ̸֪ȺӦʮƷƮѩĵӣΪ׵Ʈѩŵɣࡣ
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ͨϻǰʱѾ߹ʵͨһ֮ǰĴŽرա
ڴԱߵʯϣĺ̹㣬ʱɫռ˴󲿷֣ɫֻһС֡
ʯ滹ַܣԭЩؾڵɫͨģɫûͨġ
ֻɫռһʱĴŲŻ򿪡
ղǸͨʿʱһεؿΪԼȹܹõһЩôģû뵽Ҫ
Ȼʱ޷ȥְעŵͨϡ
ʵͨУǸѵǰţʱѾ߹һͨȡ
˴ʱȻԾܹÿµ׵նϣÿնһ׵磬嶼һ£ȻѾҪ֧Ųסˡ
ͿҪ֧ŲסˣϺڵʿȥһڵʿҪӲȥǲܵ顣
ղҪǷأ˵ܻصĻᶼûˣܴͨ߹ȥˡ
ʵǲǺЩȣʵ̫Զˡ
ڵЩʿֿʼ
üᶨģ㵽ڣҲû˿һָоһ߹ͨ
Ǹ̲꣬ס˵
ߣЩ˵ǲ˺ԾͿҪ֧ŲסˣȻΪܹͨͨɴ˿ɼʵҲô
ܺƳһۣЦһ
ʵҲ㣬ʵͬĻɱ忴ܺһۣҡҡͷ˵


222 
ǸʮּᶨΣҲûܵ˿Ӱ죬սʱ򣬿ʱ̰״̬۷塣
ֵΪµģҪսʤֻʹþԵʵѹ
ȻǾ仰α⣬һӶ׷ܺµʵ˵ܷ
ȻңСӣ
ܺŭһϵԪγһ޴ӰӰĸֻצ
ţȻѾ۳ֻצܺڵѪȣӦѾˣԪۺ̶ͬʿʮ˱Ľ
ܺµӰ̾
ܺȻڷûжٸ򣬵ƾѪ֮ӵǿۺԪԺǿ⡣
СӣĻüֻҪͷϴҿһܺĿ׺ݵؿ壬ɭȻ˵
һһԪȫΧ˲ͱſγ籩ܺ´ȥ
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ʱͷųʮͬʿԪγɵ籩ֱӽܺϿյӰɢ
ܵǿԪѹϳɡȫһȵؿ壬ôҲû뵽ԪȻӵѪܺ»Ҫۺ
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ܺһؿ壬ǿ˵⻹ûнؾҾͲˣñ˰װռ˱ˡ
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޷ֻ߸ˣжӰ죡ɣ൭׵д
û೤ʱ䣬ɣʹ߸ʿ˹ͨͨһ˲䣬һĴŴ򿪡
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ռعԼʮ﷽Բڴ֮Уڴ֮Уÿ֮ɾ롣
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ô£
ĴͻȻرգ˶һҡ
ڿʯ巢֣ʯͻȻֶһַ
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ϵǹһȫǾŲ㹦ڶܸʮ㹦
ʱ˾
仰еȫЩܷȥм˼ģֱŵڰܷȥ
Щʿһ־ʹӹóԱ߽ڹļ飬ͱֱһߡ
ڶʿڷرǵڰѾʿʼս
ڰȫʮ㹦ֻҪõһݣ֮ǰΪˡ
ɹܹģ
ܺһֱӻ޴צֱӽʿԪ˺飬Ȼе򹦷˹
ϳɼ˱ҲҪܺᣬǿſԹ۵壬ǵĶͲɵĶ˶١
Ҿ֪ǹżЦ
ϳɼ˳Ŀ⿴ȥͿЩ߹񽣵Ĺһööƾճ֡
⡭
ЩṦʿһĻϵĶԾĶסˡ


223 
Ϊ˹˭֪ЩȻṩģÿһóһµ֡
еȫ֣û֮ȻԸðΣպ˽֡
һֱעıϳɼˣʱҲע⵽˴ſڵʯǿʯ˵֮ȫ¶֮ɫ
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ÿҿܺµһֲԤУæʯ߹ȥ
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ǿʱı飬ƽˮûһ˿Ƿˡѵ˵ĵôĳ̶
ߣ֮ŶûۣȻȥõڰܵǲ֪ؽаЦһ˵û¶κξ֮ɫ
ղͨʵͨʱ򣬽Ԫ˳˶Ԫ񱳺ûз֮š˵ķ򲢲
ؽа˵ϳ˵Ҳ¶ɻ֮ɫ
ôĻ۲֮šҪǲߵĻֺαȥõڰܵĹǿǱɵΪ
˻ɻ󣬻ǲмδֱóܣʼ鿴
ͼʮ㹦ԲԳΪ׵еٮٮߣƷͨͼ
ֿһƷͨͼĽܡ
ͼҪɼ֮͵֮ڵԪ˿Щ˿߱֯һͼ
ʹر֮ؼЩʿδɢսͼ۳ս飬ʮǿ
ͨȷ̾һְǷݹó
ѹó
ڸղţ˻ڻɣǲֻŹܿһ˭֪Ȼİѹóˡ
ߣԴ󣬵ȵʱ䣬ûдﵽĿĻҿôؽаһʼڵһϣѡʺԼĹ
ó֮ԪһɨĿҪܺǼͬ
ֿʼ鿴ľݡ
ţҵġ򵥵ö࣬ûһѣҪȥĻҪѲٹ򡣡
˹֮¶ŵЦݡ


224 鿪ʼ
ѡԼĹ֮Ŷٻٻȥһѡȡһݹʺľϵ
ľϵΪ鱦ǶŲ㹦Ʒͨս塣
彫鱦ɨһ飬ֻǻ˼ʱ䣬ڵѾָƣȻͿʼٻٻ
ʱʱ䣬ͽڵȫ˶ٻٻ
ڶٻٻȥ֮岢ûмǿʼӵеʵ
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飡
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սһһ㣬ٴһԡ
ţҪ׷ʱһĽâ֪ʱѾǰ
Ҫ㿪߾սܵ
ܣ
ͻȻܣڵ޷龰


226 սɵ£
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սܵ¶һ˿ײ΢Ц

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˷忿ȥеĴûٻӿֱǰȥʽԵΪɡ
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ڳսʱ򣬱ϳҲۼһ
սܵսʵ̫ˣͬʵ£ֻ³ŲУųеսϳһص˵
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ǰѧϰġ澭ƵĹֶǲٿع﹥ٿǸ飬ûжɬ
ؽаĿ£Ǹһսܵǰ͸ֱֱսܵԴȥ


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սܲŲæغˣͬʱڿзɿĻ
а⣡
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սܷŽĴ󽣣˲ĵط̴ţ鷢һҽУɢ
սһɣࡢϳɡˣĹԭĹʮƣ»ս顣
˵ıҲûбؽаõȥֻ֧˼УͱսܻܣܺҪöࡣ
ҲǿľԪʿҪȵڣ˲ܹǿ
֮ǱսܵսЩľϲ
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ؾǸʿȻǿ󣬵ǺϵͳȡȴԾ΢Ĵڡ
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Щõ˸߼ʿȫ¶һ顣
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ǵڣһڲѣڸղΪʲôʵʵѡһŵĹ
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ڸֽܺһŹָ̻֮ūͰѹһ飬Ȼóʮ߲ݣ׼ա
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ʹķԪʹķ౶̺ķԽԽ
ԪӤҪΪһȸȻѸԪγɷ
ЩԵ͵ģȻҲǺ޴㣬Ԫ޷ۣ˵ͻƳˡ
ܺ¸ʮ߲ݣȻֻˮϵ򣬵˷򣬵Ϊˡ
ϾԪӤ֮ʿ˵Ԫʵ̫ˣѵֻ
һ˿򽫶ļ֮󣬾Ͱѱŵһߣʼͼ
һ֮ͷһ޴γɣͷ·һڶŴµҺ
ͬʱڣһ˸ùâĽҲ𽥳Ρ
Žϣ̻¸ӵķģͬʿЩģֻ̾ͻҡΣʧС
嵤еĽԲҺٶҲʼ

ͷгɢˡ
ѵıϳɼˣʱȫɵɵؿ壬Ǵĵ׸оһֲʵС
ʮһ죬ڣȫǲᳶһʰ


228 ֮
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壬ݣÿ̺˿ϵ򣬰Ұѹ޸ĵڡ
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Ǹʿͷ֮Щǿз˸߼ʿ׷óܹΪݣ޸Ĺ
Щ˵ָ㣬ʵǻ׬ˡ
Ҫ֪ϳڵʮƷţɹҲʮ㹦ױ䡷ܹĹԲôǾͿԳΪɴܡ
֮ǰԸ߼֮ҪΪﲻĿҪĨɱָ㣬ǾͲǡ
ԽԽ뵽⣬޳ɵɴܵĹȣΪʲô
ҾӦȥڰѡһŹƵ˵
˵ĹƮѩ˳ʮƷŵʱɣһĨ⡣
ұΪʮƷſԳΪʱȴͻȻоʱʵ̫һ㡣
ŵ˵ĸļ룬ΪʮƷŵĿԴھųɡ
壬鷳ˣ
ϳɼȥڰѡȡ˹֮óݵݸ塣΢Ц˵
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Ͼָ㣬ܹʲô̶ȣҲǸ˵йء
ٸ˵ǽ̿飬һλʮʦʦ̵ٺãҲÿѧ廪
˵ʦָ㡣ԼͷѧЧȴ˲֪ٱ
Щɵ˵ݸʲôǻصɣ׸ɣ϶ܹõɵĽ
Щɢ޵ʿҲֵϲЦտǱľǸݣȡĻᣬȴ˸߼ļֵ
ʱӦ֮Ȼ֪Լ׬˴ˣҲ֪ΪʲôǶʮƷʯ
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ڴڵһĻǽڵսܿһûгֹ˼
ŵӰ¡Щͨʿ˷˱仯Ҳԭڶﲻڡȴ˳߾Ŀܡ˵ǿӰ죬ܹһֺγǵˣ
սһһ㣬һ֮˫ۣ˳˯
еȫ֮ʵѾﵽһǧ˿ֿԿˡ
壡
׼ʹЩʱ򣬱ϳͻȻǰ
ʲôôЩɻ
ҪΪĻȰȲҪͻȻڣµŶͣڳڣֱҲ޷ŻѡͻƵڡ
ϳɹ壬ʵҲ˽ĵģϣܹһӡ󣬵ʱ򷽱ڡ
µеȫͣڳڣӦʲôɰɣЩʵ
һʿҪĽ׶Σ˵һ;ĻҲΪֱӹϵһʿԺĳɾ͸ߵ͡ϳɵ˵ͷ
Ը꣡
֮ҪΪҪ׶֮šʿڷĸѾܹ֪֮Ĵڡ÷һ֮ͨĴţǷ֮š
֮ţڽ֮ź俪һ϶ǽ֮ȫ俪Ƿ֮Ҳеȼ
ͼķ֮ţϷֱͭššţϻûеȼҾͲ֪ˡ
˵ϳɶ˶١
Щͬȼķ֮ʲôôʵ
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229 
Ҫעǣ֮ŵĵȼԽߣԽ̣ΪĻͻ޷俪֮ŵžΪ֮ŵȼ̫ߣڳڡ
˵ʱ򣬱ϳҲ̾
ܹ߼֮ŵʿһԳ֮ȴΪû俪֮ţľ
һЩʿܹ˳ڣѵһɸɾ͵ɴܡⲻò˸̾޳Ūˡ
ţлֵˣЩмضԱϷ˵
۱ϷʲôĿģ˵Щ˵ȷкܴô
һǧ˿壬νǲƴ֣ʮ㣬˰˰˿һеսȫļ
ֻʮ˿еļʮ˿򣬽ȼ44
ȼ֮ľѾﵽ˳Ϻڵľ磬ԪԪֻҪ΢̾Ϳ
һǧ˿գۼͱĸɾֻʣ¶ʮ˿Ҳʱøˡ
ʱһֱڸ򡶴ķڡͼһߡ
ںս֮ܽǰǲͼΪˡ
ʱѾսܵһѵͨսܵĽ֣֪Լһǰķ
⼸ڷĲȴôףӵֵԣȴһͷûС
ϵģȥϵˮϵģȥˮϵⶼǺȷģĿġ
ġûһȷĲ
ʲôǿʵ;ͬ顣ǾŻĽṹ÷ļӹ֯÷ıϸṹֻŻṹķʽ
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ͨṹܹŻĽṹܹӳǿٶȣиӼ͵ķ
ڽṹԽࡣԽ˽ṹǿ
֮ţ
ԽṹԽԽܹ࣬оڵЩѾ֮ˡ
ǣϵǣṹ֮ŲûгԪ󣬶ĵгΡ֮С
ˣṹ֮ŻɢϢЩϢﲻתһһŻṹ
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ڼ䣬Ҳսܽһս֮ķԺ䣬ñϳǼʶˣʲôǽڵļս
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һԪӤʿֲֿķУᱻ
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Ｘٸʿսܼסֵģֻһʿս˵޹ؽҪ
ԪӤ֮ʿܹԴʽ
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ԪӤʿڣӵеֻǼ˿Ǵӷи򵽵Ķȫܹͷȡ
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ŶƵԽԽڵĽ棬ķƾճ֣Щ໥ںϣһԪӤĿܡ
ԪӤĿܸһ֣Ͼͱһǿƣڵȫ
ͻԪӤ˰ɣ֪ʲô򣬾Ȼǿƣϳ̾
ôͻԪӤڣȫûоȣΪѾľˡ
ġͼҸղҲ˹ܣоӦ귨򣡡һԵɣ࿪˵
귨ǿʮķ򣬲򵽸磬ǰվվȡһĽ
ԪӤĿ֮ܳ嵤ڵĽ˲飬Ԫ䵽ԪӤ֮С
񷶥ٴѿһʮֱľ޴Һ£ɿؾ̿ɾ
ЩԪĲ䣬ԪӤױͬʱڵʮ귨ҲʼԪںϡ
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230 ͹Ŵ
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231 
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壬Ժʲô鷳ͨľƵʱܡ㡭ˣ㵽һ˵ɣ
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ϳɰʱƵݸǡ
š˵ͷӹʱƣ䡣
ϳɽɢЩ̽յڵӣתɽȥ
ɽţǾͽ˻ɽУȻûйǣ̺ȴ尵ľ
ֱ߳˻ɽһ
ɽ֮һƬӾ޴Ĺ㳡㳡ȫǴÿ϶бš
ڵŷΧʵ̫޴ֻĶ;
ȴȥݹʦ񣬳ΪӣȻȥɸ߲㣬ֱܲӳΪŵӡ
ϳһ߸˵ŻһŴȥ
ΪŵĵӶҪȥʦֱͨʦĴ̤ϴֻ֮оΧĿռһ仯ǻعѾһɽ֮ϡ
Χɽ壬ɽ岢ر󡣵ȴһۻءѹĸо
ɽĶϣһʯʵĵվɣͨȴһֶصĸо
ڵĿʦˣѾΪɴܣ޾ֻҪʦڣڵĵλͲᷢ˿ҡ
Ǹʯʵ񣬱ϳɵǳݺ
弸ʦһ񣬴ʦϷɳ˾⣬䵽ϣͳһֻչ׵ĵ
ϳɽǴһɽ壬Լ춴ȥɸ߲㣬ȡŵӵ
˸ҵطȥ춴̻˷Ը
ǣˡ
ȡͭ׼һԱߵĶٻٻסˡ
磬춴ǽҰɣ
ٻٻһЦһӣľϵ۳ֲɽ֮ϡ
Щֲĸϵɽȥұϲʯ£û೤ʱ䣬һռĹĶͳǵǰ
ٻٻɢȥЩֲҲȫľϵɢ
ôǲǱҪõöࣿٻٻʽؿ壬ŵЦݡ
ǵȻҼӾɰٸǼҲü󷨣
һӣʮƷʯʹ˶ұУǼǧƷʯ⼸ʮƷʯ

ʯϵʯȫһǿ֮š
ô
óһƷŶķȥ
ɫƾ˲ͽƷи顣


232 ֪
ռع󣬼ڲƴ֣ҲܰŪô㡣
Խ壬ԽŨĵļϣҺۼγɵĳŸֺݡ
ڵȽϿΧΪڻǼӵݣбϳչˣҲͷֵŵӼ塣
ŵӼ巶ΧڣʮϣסΪǿʮλŵӣΪʮ㡣
һϳһϡ
ϵЩʿϳɵ֮ȫ
鷳ͨһ£Ҫ˾ʦ֣
ϳվǰʿԸ
ϳɵķԸǸʿҵæܽУһʹӹ˳
ϳʦ֣ڴе㣡
ϳɵ˵ͷŲһѾ˼ʮɵľ룬μ˸ͽ˹֮С
ľͷһ¶Цݵϴһ׽ɫĳۣһɫ͸º֮⣬һĶŵĹйӡ
ϳʦܣ㼱ææңʲô飿Ц˵
˾ʦ֣˼ţһн֣һľ֮壬һԸҰٱϣ
Ŷϳʦܣɽڣ
ϳɵĻ˾ϵЦ΢΢΢ǰ㣬ʵ
˾ʦ֣Ϊ˴¶˶ǴСģǼڵĿҲΪüñӻ룬ǲֱܹӽΪŵӣ
˾ûлشϳɵĻηϲôš
ϳʦܣԵһ£ѯһ¸׵
˾óһơзĸӡϣƯڿУųһƬĻ
Ϊʲô飿
ĻϸֳһѹӰһŹϣüëб壬ĿƵǼᶨ
סϳʦܴСţ˵츳ͬһ㣬Ϊ˰ǵġ
˵ˣǵ츳ȷͬһ㡣ֱӸŵӵݣûʲôÿǵġǸֱӴ˾Ļ
ĻǲӰ첻̫ã˾̲ס˵
ɱӻŵӵĹ硣ĿľΪСż룬㿼ǵĶ̫ˣ
üͷһ壬õ˵Ļֱʧ
ֱĻʧϷһղżֻһӰҲѹΪǸڵ˾ײأĴʿ
ϳʦܣֱӴȥſ˴˺ϸ֮͸Ƿӵƣ
õԼ׵֮˾̶ԱϳɷԸ
˾ʦ֣İɣһõġ
ϳ˾壬ڵȥ
ء
Ȼһϵı죬循ѡ
˴У
һ˲䣬֪ʲô¡
߳ͿϳǱŴȥ
ЦЦֹͣת
ֵܣʲôʱ󷨣Ҳ̫˰ɣȥҵʦֶǸ˴Ӧ󷨰ɣ
Ӷгϳæӿ£һ̾˵
СܲţСֲõ󷨣ñּЦˣ
ֵܣ㲼õģѵʦϳŵؿ塣
һǺжپ޵ʿΪ󷨣ֻܲ
µ󷨴ʦʤΪ󷨣Ϊڶɽٺڣ˵Ѿʼ󷨽ᾧ⡣
ֻʱһЩʱְɣļʦ磬ȴʦ
˵ʦȼϵͳϵĵȼı׼ܹ󷨵ľʦ嵹Ҳǹʸ
ļγɵһ󷨣ȷǴﵽ󷨵ĳ̶ȡ
岻Ը˵ϳҲʶȤزٶʡ
壬ɸ߲Ѿͬ⣬ֻҪͨſˣͿֱӳΪŵӡ
⻰Ҳ¶ϲɫ
ֻҪΪŵӣͳװȫˣû˭ΪһСȥʮƷš
֣лˣһ֣ص˵
㲻ţĥƤҲãϳɰ˰֡
Ͷٻٻлˣűϳһŷۣſ˴ڵɽȥ
֮󣬷һߴɽ¡
ſ˴ִڵʿûһΪڳڣлмʮʿС
һ֮ʿһĵĿЩǰμӿ˵ĵɨɨȥ
ЩΪŵӶǿûһļֵɫ۵ǸʿƲƲ죬м˵
ɳԳⲻҪôԱǸɫ۵ʿЦһ鵭Ȼ
㵹ǿÿףϳɵʲôʿ˵ŻȻ˽ıϳɡ
ȥ֪ˣʿһ˵ţһűϳǱȥ
ʦܣҪпˣ鷳ǰһ¡
ϳֱߵһ棬һڵ˵
ǳʿתͷ˱ϳһۣȻƵԭǱϳʦ֣ѵɣȿ޺ɹ׹
˸ոţǿԲμſˡϳɳ˵
ϳᵽǸʿɫһ䣬ϳԲΪҲŵӣҲʵȱϳɵһЩʲô
ڵȴǲһǱϳֻһţҲٶ˵һ仰
ϳʦܺô磬Ȼ˵ǾͰƻɣ
ʱһԱߴ
ϳתͷȥͿʿʿǶ
ࡢСѵҪô
˵Ļϳɵɫһ䣬ʵ
ǸʿЦϳɣҪ˿ñӣȻǲɣȴĻ
óƻͣȻĻĻȥ⿼˴Էĵطʿ
˵ĻϳɵɫԽѿ
ϳ壬ʿǺ⡣赲Ϊŵӣ͵ǰѵΣǾԲԭµΪ
ߣ
ϳŭһתȥ
üͷһ壬û뵽εȻ˽ϣ˲ò
Ǹ꿴ܲ
ı飬ʿЦһʿȻѹ˹ȥ
ʿҡҡͷûֹĴ㣬Ǹϵı鲻֪Ҳһѵ
ܵӿƣһĨ⡣
֪
ʿһ΢Цؿ壬Ҫˡ
ǹƽҪѹʱȻֲƣɴɽͷ¡
ʿֱӱأͬһϡ


233 Ȩ
ʿֱӱõѪɽȴǺͣ٣ʿѹ
Ȼҵף
ԱߵʿӦŭһϷ˸һƺ޾ˮƾɣϯȥ
壬ңڲ֣
Ҫ֣һԵıϳæֹ
ʯ
ϳڵԪӿĽṹУγһʯ֣ȫС
޴ˮ˳ʯϣֻ΢΢𶯣ȴǸ޷忪
Уʲô˼
ϳɽʿһԲϾʹֵ˼
ͬУŴɣСӻ࣬ȥɵһ˰ɣʿЦ˵
鷳Թñˣ⣬Ǿһȥɵһ硣
ߣ´ʱܴͣҪȻ˾һˣҲΪŵӣ
⻰л˵ȫǱųɱ⡣
Ҫ嶯취ϳæ
У㻹ǹĺԼɣǵ¾Ͳˣ
űϳɼ뿪еһĨ⡣
ʿʱҲӵ˲ǵѪ޺޵ؿűϳɼ˵ıӰЩĵ뿪ˣ
СʲȰ鱨δǿ˼ɣ
˵֮󡣾תŴһȥ
Ҫǰ£ҸղǸǰ׳ˣһˬĹһ䣬תʿ׷ȥ
ղǸ˭ʵҲ̫ǿ˰ɣȻƾƾͽʦֻˡʦڷʿУҲǸˣ
ҲǸʿһǿƵĹǿʲôҪսҲʦֱɱ
ȵ뿪֮󣬴ڵڶʿȫЩʼ
塣ʱֻǼӣһҪ嶯ǴֵĻΪŵҲನۡ
˵ͷ֣İɣзִ硣
ͻȥ֮󣬱ϳٴֱ˾ȥ
ھ˾岻Զһʤһ壬ŵӵһ绪Ķڡ
ʱ绪ĹУ㱨ŸղŴз顣
绪Ƿͦ˫Ŀ񣬳Ժ󣬸һַâ¶ĸо
ܹõ˵ĲĻȥ˽Ӵһ£Ը˳ңͰǳΪŵӡԸĻǾһ°ɣǲ
ÿһ죬ЩСͻһĿѡСӦúܿͻ׵ġ
绪һЦЦȴǱ䡣
ԱĹУ˾Աϳɵϳʦܣȥһˣȥһ¸ףܲҪһ͡
Ǿ鷳˾ʦˣ
û£ȥɣ
ϳɺܿͽϢ壬Ϣȴûжڴ֪ΪΣоһλЩס
һƫ˾ײػһڳȫۼһ
Գܹ͸Ĺн鱦ĵӶ֤£ľӦ̽Ϊŵӡ
һ˾ײһųϣվ˵
˾ײض廹û̫⣬Ϊֻһͨš
һЩͻȻ߼Ÿ߲ѯ֪֮Ǵһؾлõġ
ǻЩӿеõһ𾪵ϢϳɴǸ壬Ȼڶ̶̵ʱڣͽһŵ㹦ڡ
ˣָ˵ڳ϶飬֮ǿԹھµ
֪ЩϢ֮˾ײټڶųִ¡
ΪɴܼѾǰ϶ˣԽʦҲûпܡ
ֹغδ˲ţֵӡ
˲ŵȷ󣬵ǾֱΪŵӣ̫ҾбҪһʱ䣬һԡ
ڵĴ躣˵
ţ躣ûκֹΪŵӣ躣ҲûֹֻʱҪƳһЩҪȵΪһ֮󣬲Ϊŵӡ
躣ϣΪʲôӦɣٳٲܳΪŵӣ岻Ͷô˾ײ˵
嵨뿪ڣǾͰȥúܲң躣˵
ĸţǸſ𣬴ڶ֮ƽ⣬ڶġ
ȥɵ·ϣͻ⵽ɵΧɱǲƸ֮ƽ⡣
֪ԳģֻһĸţǸҰϢɢȥһϢɢȥĸһᱻڽ
Щɢޣǰ˵ȥҲᱻΪǴţʲôˡ
躣㾹Ȼ˾ײϵȻ˫Ŀ躣ŭʵ
ԹԴڣȻҪţôôţ˵Ҳк档
躣ıûκα仯ԾһȻ
ΪŵӣȡǵʱƣֻҪǵɹ״ﵽ׼ͿԲμŵӿˡ
˾ײزٺ飬ֱԼľ
躣ЦȴûٳԷԣ
ӱϳõϢ֮ޱһԲ
ֵܣǣˣϳһε˵
֣ӦĳЩ˵Ķ˰ɣ建˵
ϳɵ˵ͷһ˾ʦֺʹһ绪洫ӵʸ񣬿˴ƹܣһġ
ϳɵĻЦҡҡͷû뵽һڣȨ顣
ÿɵĵӶΪĸȼӡŵӡŵӡĵӣĸɵĻɡ
ǳЩ֮⣬һĵӣ洫ӡ
洫ӿԵõõĹǿʽͷõķõԴ
һűô洫ӾǸŵĻ֣ŷչöʢ洫ӾͻΪżǰŬ߾磬Ʒ
ҪΪ洫ӣҪʲĹҪиĿˣϾ൱Ǳѡľ
ŵҲǱ˵һ棬£һȻһݳΪŵӡ
ֵܣԲҰǣˣϳɶ˵
û£ûʱƣֻҪ׬ȡ㹻Ź׶ȾͿˡ˻֣Ц˵
ˣֵܣʮ֮леӱѡеȥμǱܹõһʱ˭赲Ϊŵӡ
ϳͻȻ뵽ʲôЩ˷ܵ˵
ıȻڱū۵С˵ʮʱʵ̫ˡ


234 
ʮʱ䣡
ʱܱ֤Ϊŵӣܹȵġ
֣лϢ򲻵ѵİ취ڻȳŻɹװɣ
һᣬϳɸ뿪
绪˾֮ҲܣòҪңȻĻк˸
֮ǰΪ̫ԶʱʵʵҪţǵ
֪ݿתɾ֮ʵĿܣҪΪŵӣֻΪ˶ȡһЩʵʱ䡣
磬޷ΪŵӣǵİΣô죿
ٻٻĻһʵ
ղűϳɵĻҲˣȻѾڵȨ֮Уֻ¶ʱںѳΪŵӡ
һ취ģץʱˡĶٻٻļ򣬰ο
û죬л͹ݷ塣
壬׼ȥʲô죬ҪҪһȥ
֮лżɽԼĿ˵˳
лڵĲ͵һжʮİȫʱ䣬ȴūۡ
ˣлץʱܹɹףʱ䡣
ãҺһȥ
˶Լķ۷ų˳ŷĴȥ
Ϊ˷ڶӳڵڱȽϿĵطŷ۹ȥĻҪһʱ䡣
˴͹㳡˴ӷ
ʾ˵ƣÿֽʮƷʯ֮Ǿվڴеȴȵʮ֮󣬻Ϳ˴
ϣߣȻĻֻ´ˡ
лһȥһ߿Ц˵
һʿΪʮƷʯķ̫ˡϾһͨԪӤʿȫʲҲǼʮƷʯ
⵹ԪӤʿ׬ʯʿҪʯĵط̫ˡ
ҪʯظԪҪʯȥʯĵҩҪʯ޸͸Ҫʯ·Ҫʯ
⻹ɵӵġҪɢޣĵʯ࣬ϾǻҪڹȶϻʯ
£ͨʿܲ¶ʯ
мʮΧȷֲıδ
ռĹ㣬мʮ﷽ԲаɡΪ㣬ڶֻŵӿȥʱûϵ
һڵʿܶࡣһȥˣ󲿷ֶԪӤʿҲһЩʿڽʿȴ٣ǵʵ̫ͣٻ
ڴԵϣֳһϢǵϵĹʾ
Ŷɳ̶УǼ׹ûԪӤǼ׹ʮƷʯɹֵ
ŶϷĳϪУ׹׹öٿƷʯʮɹֵ׹ÿſɻɹֵʾɽаӰػ
Ŷһǧﴦ
ЩҡҡͷΪŵҪһɹֵЩҪǧܻ㹻ɹֵ
Щصڶǧֻ»·ϵʱ䶼꣬ټʱ䣬ٲҪʮʱ䡣
лĿЩһɨȻֱߵһǰѵƵݸߡ
صŶȫˣ
һֻܽʮѡɣǸ߰ѵ˻̲˵
ЦˣСӲΪǳʿͿԺɨһ˰ɣ
һɫۣϼһĴ󺺣޹˼ɵشЦš
лתͷĿ⵭ĮɨǸһۣٴΰƵݸǸߣҪصŶ棬ɹֵߵʮ񡣡
㵹ǲһЦţһ߰лĵƷϵС
âһ߰лĵƻ
㣬ʧܣҪ۳˫ɹֵġ
ʧܣǾ˵Ѿˣˣɹֵʲôã
˵֮лתŴȥ
лĻһ磬Ӵﴵԭӵڶʿʱȫסˡ

ǸЦĴҲһӶסˡ
Ǵûʿƽ
ССˡϵһ;ֻǲ֪ƾ;߶ԶǸ󺺿лԶȥӰ˼
Сӣҽ꣬ҪǻŻȾƣͻȻڳл
Ǿ׼ưɣлңң
˴֮лתͷ壺㲻׼Щʦ𣿡
ǵɹֵϸˣЩ˻ǳΪŵô
忴ɽΧƮİƣ̾˿ʵ
һϣ
һϣ̾˿Ĭ
һ֡Լķ۷ųȻջеӡǡ
ҷ͸ɣúñأǲһϣֻҪţзһ죡
л屧һȭû˵ʲôת˷ۣȻһ𣬾ȥ
ҲҪ취ռΪˡ
һߵšһ͹㳡ȥûгȥǳڵķС
Ҫռݣʵĵط
ΪʮƷšµϵӰ켫ķȻҲڶɢ޺Сɣÿ콻ͨʯҲһ֡
еλþԵһƽԭϡռǧ﷽ԲһСĳǳˡ
м㳡ɢް̯
ڷռĵ̲̫ࡣֻǧңҲͽ֤鲼иѣʣĵ̶˳ȥ
ڳſڣŵʿŵƣֱӽ˷֮С
뷻֮չǰģһʮɣ֪ж೤ʯڴﵽ࣬һ̡
̵Ȼ廨ţǾӪƷҲǼҩ̡ʯһؼ
챦¥ﻪ챦С
ѡ˾ͽһ˽ȥ
ǰҪЩʲô߽һŮæӭ
ǵûʲôȽϺõı
һ˵ţĿһһ¥չЩɨ
һ¥ȫǷ۹󲿷ֶƷֻƷͨ
ǰڶ¥ҪĻҿȥǸŮһ˵
Ǿȥɣ
ǸŮοǰ·һȻһŶ¥ȥûҡҰڣӯԲβûκηӦǸŮЩʧ䣬ܿʰ飬ʼһ鿴Щеı
岻߿һۣŮ޵ʶȤ֪ˡ
Щеıʧͬʱһ뷨Ҳ𽥼ᶨ
Ʒļ۸Ƕ٣
ָһƵĺɫ˿ǸŮʵ


235 ˺Ʒ
ڶ౦УΨһòıȻ㲻ϾƷѾǱȽϽӽˡ
λҴʦƵģҴʦΪʦǺƱģƵıѵһ
üͷһ壬Ů޵ĻƷ۸Ƕ٣
ʮſƷʯ
ЩͣǸŮæס죬Ѽ۸˳
̫ˣ
ҡҡͷ۸ѾȵһЩƷˡ
Ư
˵ʱһŮ
תͷȥͿһŮվ¥ԱߣȻǸմһ¥˵ԱߣһԱߡ
ܡԱߵǸŮޣضǸһ
šǸߵ˵ͷ
Ŀɨܵûκα仯ȴѾЩӡ
һʿڶ¥ѡҲһͨɢޡ
﹫ӣһǰǼλΣתͷһЦǸʵ
ţȻͮϲǾ͹ȥɣ
Ǹ΢΢˵ͷϴЩư顣
ȴλ˵طתתɣ
ޱضǸŮ˵һԵ壬ȴ
Цһҡҡͷû˵ʲôϾҲûֻгġ
˿ƯҺòãʱҿ˿ħ㿴
ѱλóһ֮ǸŮӶ﹫
Ȼˣҿϲͮħˡ﹫۾΢΢Ź⣬æ̧ͷܣ˿ʯ
ͮСǺ۹⡣λҴʦƣȻƷȼƷҸײٿأԼ۸ҲҪһ㣬ҪʮƷʯ
ȻҴʦƵģһЩҲ˿Ҫˡ﹫ӺǺ˵
ҡҡͷʮʯȥһƷ﹫ӻԩͷǮƷˡ
ǰô౦֪ûоģ
ҡҡͷʵǵﻹûı
ĻһԵܾüͷ
λˡǵȷƷʸõıֻǼ۸棬˫ºѴһ£߹΢Ц˵
ֻ΢Ц֮С˳ŪͲм
ߣֱ˵Ҫ˵ııֻ㶼ò𣡡
﹫Ƴһۣһм˵
ոջǮһƷž˵ıⲻǻô
վһԣһЦؿһĻ
ԭܶ˵ʲôֵĻ⿴﹫һ
־˺ѵƲΪܺã
ָָǸŮеıλƽʵ
־˺ѣǺôĿҪܰѱλ˺ѣҾͰȥĻͰʮƷʯȥ
﹫һ˵ţһȡʮƷʯϡ
û˵ʲôֱ˹ȥŮӵùλ˫ץסһ˵ǣ̧ͷ﹫һۡ
˺һſƷʯأ﹫ЦŴߴٵ
ƷȻһ㶼ԪӤʿãҲǳʿܹݻٵģҪ˺һƷ˿ǵΪΰɣ
ˡˡˡ
һûΧĿ𶯣زơ

һˮ֣һͻȻڷڡ
⡭ɢôܣ
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ԪӤʿΪ̵ƷľͺƲһֱ˺

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ӰǸʿͱ
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Ǹʿüͷһ壬ʵĿתƵһԵϣ˼ص˵ͷ


236 ֻҪ
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󣬲ʿվս壬ʲôƷĳײ֮ȫܵˡ
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ʿҲӦ׷ױԼļ۸
ƷʮͬƷս۸ҲǺ顣
ٱˣҲҪʯֻҪܹΪݡ̺˿ݣͿԻȡƷ


237 Ĵ
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ҵһȶľԴҲζţ˱ʱ
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238 ʮ
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лʵ޷ͨŵӿ˵ĻǴ󲿷ŵӶҪ̭ȥˣֱһЦ


239 һ۰ܵ
ڵȷǾþ֮أȵμǱı󣬾׼뿪ɣ
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ΪɳʱΪԭʮ֮һʮʱ䣬ÿڶѾ˶ʮ˿
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ŴȵԽԽеҲʼý
еĵӶƴҪŴȵǰƼֱӲμǱʽ
һŵӴΪûκεƣֻҪǧµģԲμӡ

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ŵһĹУ绪۾ǰֱӵȼ
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ʵȴˡרΪƷʵƷֻǲ֪Ϊαģ
֮󣬷л۾Į̺֮һ˿顣
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ٻٻҲѹߵԱߣϡ
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ŷȻֻǧɸߣռȴ﷽ԲɽһƬƽ̹վ¼ʮ˲⡣
Ͷٻٻϵʱ򣬹ŷ嶥ϣѾվʿΧɽϣҲʼʿפ
ΪŴֻ䣬ûΪ磬ﵽ˾˵ˡ
ͶٻٻûȥӵĹŷ壬һԵɽϣһλ¡
һߺͶٻٻ죬һߴΧЩĵӡ
󲿷ʿΪǳڣڵʿҲ٣ΪĺĵӣҲвμŴȡ
ŴȲûеļ򵥡
ҡͷЦЦͲȥΧЩʿǰЩŵĶٻٻͬʱһЩҪע
ȵòˣڵųҲʼЩųȫǶɽʿεıǵβС
Щųϵ֮󣬹ŷ嶥Ͼǧâڹâ֮еЩʿȫתƵһԡ
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ÿֻ׵ıϣվһ߰ɵʿڵһųϣȫǴʿ
⼸ʮֻ׷ɹʱķ籩ɽʯ飬ľݻ٣Щʵǿʿ籩ɣƺƴ֮
˹ŷ嶥󣬼ʮʿһ̤Ѿ˸̨֮ϣͬʱǵҲɿСɳģ
ھŴȣּѡȡӣΪƼӣμǱڵӽ߾ܣչһѧʹºںޡ
˾ײվ絶һĿ⣬Χڶӵһɨ
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ŵӻμŴȣǲ֪ԼＸҲ˷ԪһᣬԼȥ
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ۣҲ̫˰ɣô˵ҲһС磬Ȼֱӽб˹ȥ
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ôǸҲһͨʿ˵Ҳһأ
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ŵӵƣ嶼ÿڣ̧ͷ΢ͷš
ǸŵֻоһɽײڴһѵѪ磬дŲŵɫײ̨ϣڵء
һսĵӣȫסˡ
ֻǿ˶ԷһۣöԷ˵زʲôֶΣֱ̫ˡ
ʮʱ䣬귨ĲԽˣڶûܵסһСȻ˳ɳʱ䣬ͻ˾
ϳɿһĻ̲סҡͷЦ
Ὣһɱû뵽˼򵥡嶼ûֻһͽԷܡ
ʱ̨ϲҲӦæһսʤ
âһʧ̨ϣ³ղŴɽϡ
ղźǿƣƵĻֻ²ʲôʱðţ
Ǹųϵﰵɻ


240 ˵ı
ڸ̨ϵ˾ײصɸ߲㣬Ҳı֡
ӾޣʱգǱһ֮ֻϧ˼ʮ꣬ʱʵ̫ˡ
˾ײҡҡͷ¶Щź֮ɫ
ǱÿǧһΣֻҪ䲻һǧ꣬κΪʿԲμӡ
һеĲʿ˾Űٶ꣬еĲʿ˼ʮ꣬ܲƽ
ǣǱ֮սʱ̣ΪĲʱ˲Թñˡ
ɿ죬ȵǱʼʱδûǱʵһųϽӿ˵
ǱǲǺ»һأʮʱ䣬ûһŸûһУ躣Ц˵
һл˲ٵ񣬲ҲûгΪŵôղǸųһؿ躣
ԼûͨŵӿˣʵҲҪҵô躣һ
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ǸϳڵʿЦðѪɫԪһצŤѪӰʮֹа
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Űɫ򿪣һ㵭İɫγ֣Ѫתɴ洢ڻС
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лĶ־ͳлӪ⾳޷԰ΣȵӦʱлĽѾĲϡ
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ߣǿţңǾֻʧһ;
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˾˿лЦЦ±Ŀ
ʮʱ䣬лҲûŰȻѾ˽־һӳʿͻĽ⾳У֪ôġ
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ϳ̨֮Ķֱӱ۳Ԫ׻ˣ⻹ֵԵʣȻĻǸʿֱӱɱˡ
˾绪̨֮ǵĶֿǣûֱӾ;ˡ
ԼūҲһϳ
̨̻֮һӰסԪһֻľ޴ɫƣĶֱķɣʤ
ɽȻҲ޵ķŹֶκ̻вֱͬӰθߣƤȫýӲӣƴ졣
ֵĹϣֻǷһ죬ȴ޷˺һȭȴֱӽҵùǶϽۡ
ĶֿģϾͲԾ¶ӵı顣
֮ȫ֪ūʺȻһʺǵǺ֮ȣȴǸȡ
ǣĶֺ֪ܿһô顣
һͨķūԼūͣƾһ㣬κ˶Сʵ
ֱͷųһ򣬽Ǹʿ˽ȥʿڻþв԰εʱֱ˲ǰ
һĻǸҲΪεҡҡͷȻһĳǸʿѡ
Ǹʿû״ʱ򣬲һսʤ


241 ڶֱ
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ŵʵ޷͹ƵģԲҪκһ֣ʱǿֵ׼ȻĻʵһصĽѵ
޺˵ʱԺиֳһĵ⣬һʿһĹͷȫȥڵȻһлܡ
ʮʱ䣬һֵıڽֱӽ󲿷ֻ̭ʣǧˡ
ûиʱڶֱ漴ʼ
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ڵһֱʱڸ߲ⰲţЩʵǿĵӷڲͬС˫ǿ
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ŵսһ̣û֪ΡΪЩŶ̫ĵƣҲһʱ·磬ֻҪһŵƣֱӾ̡ܹ
أ
γɵЩӰֲɽӰƣֱӱѹ֧顣
ַܹ⾳ʽȻǿ󣬵⾳ǿҲõģôܹȵϷ򣡡
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ʩչ˶ľСɫҲ΢΢ЩףȻҲĴ
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Сɽ֮ϣǸܵһۻƥѹƣһǧɸߵľɽκι赲СɽǰԵüΪЦ
Сɽֵһ˲䡣̨ϵЩʽ⾳ȫһ٣׷ױɢ

һХ˶УԭԵÿƥľǰһƬеĿҶʲôֻŷƮ
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Щͨӱûܹȡʲôսղŵı֣Ȼʮ𾪣Ҳֻһ
ЩܹǰéŵӺͺĵӣɫȫˣرһˣȫһǰ֮ɫ
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־˼ı֮󣬵ڶֱڽˣƼֱӲμǱһ˾ѡ˳
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ҪƷͱΪ߼ʦΪ߼ʦҪһ˿ʱĲ
ԣνƷٺòˡ


245 СС
ʱһζʱ䵽ˡ
ԭ˷嶥̨ʱѾȫʧȡ֮һľ޴̨
̨ܹƼƷɣ̨ϣƺ˻ͼ֮⣬󷨷ġ
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δȵǰٻϱЩĵӰˣŵֻ˽δȵǰ٣ֱ绪˾ϳɣԭŵӵ
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һн˹֮ͻ֮򣬲ںϵúܲ忴һȻķľ󣬵սеӦáȴҪǿöࡣ

һӺðͬʱ¡¡޴ΧҲЩҲɢļ
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һսʿĻʤա
˱ҫ۵弸ˣ˵ʵ϶࣬ÿս϶ƾеĳ档ֱһһŵƣսŻ
ȻĻֻƴ󡣿˭֧Ųסˡ
һսҪʱҲԽԽʱ䣬һֱŽһ롣
ЩսЩᷳʱ򣬾Ÿʿеһ͵̨֮ϣĶ־ǸղǸʿ
Ԫ࣬û뵽ôˡ
ĺʿʿЦ˵
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Ԫ࣬Сˣ
ʿЦ¶һصı飬ü߳߷Ԫ࣬Ͳ֣һҪʹǿһС

һżֱ׹ţԪ˹ȥ
Ԫһ̤崵һ㣬ٱɫת֮Уʮɫķ¸һӰ
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Ǻڵֶô
ſٱСԪ࣬ﰵ˼š
ļǾŸʿҲַ̨ǵЩ۶ǿᱻһлܡ
绪˾Ҳǲʾһ־ǾУǵЩּ㲻ʣȥԾɱһлܡ
ǱϳɣΪֻǳڣտʼǿսʤ֣˺ÿսذܡ
ϾĶֶǺһȼţ꣬սܵҲ
лҲڱ˱Ƴ˵ڶУĵڶкľкƣЯһǿĽƣѹȵöֶá
ٻٻܣҲսʤһһĶ֣Ҫ̫죬˶֪ô
ټ϶ٻٻаֻҪ΢һʱ䣬ܹܣȻĶ־ֻʧһ;
ֱ̨֮ӾںϷľУѾ¶ˣҲûҪ
ܹöɽʿһľУЩʿֵܹģĶһ⣬ȫܡ
֪ǲڸ߲ⰲţεĸ֣ûһϳŰЩʿ
ЩսУԼūҲ˵ע⡣
ϾŴǰ֮УֻʮʿϳɺͰѾ˲ٳսҲʮ֮С
绪˾лˣȫӵǰʮʵǵһҲûпܣⳡľǡ
ڶٻٻҲ֪ĵ£ָ㣬ӵʵҲ֮е顣
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ŵðǿ߻ôл塢ٻٻټˣüһԺǲŵŵӽ
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ǸʿһĽؿ̨ս̻
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޺˵


246 սԪط
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֪߼ķ֮ţӵۺĻֻҪ绪ܹ俪֮ţǰ;ǲ
ֻǶǸԪڶսʿЩô¡
սԪط
ٶɳĻԪüͷһ壬˵
ԪҲֱսԪ̫⵽˵Ĺ֮󣬺׾ͻ飬Ūûʵ𣬾½
ˣڶʿŻԪڷ֮УɷԪ
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޴ĻԪſ죬ʮöϵĳڴȻؼĻϵ͵ػ۹γһɫĻ档
͵һ磬ɫĻ̨Щֲﱻոɾ̨Ҳյͨ췢
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̨ϵ̵Щ󷨣ǶЩʯ׷ױѡ


247 ̨
Ԫеľ޽һӣٴŻԪľնȥ
Ԫצ̧ž޽ӭȥ

һҵײ𣬻ԪڵϻУײ̨ԵĻϣһ𵴣ʯ׷顣
צһɹԪ֮֮˿й¶ɢ֮䡣
绪ĻԪͨķ֮ѪԪ֮һ𣬴ܳһµĽṹӶսԪ
ǣ绪վǱԪ󾳽磬ʱĻԪѾ·硣
绪ʵȷǲ洫򲹵ӵݣΪ̫ˣٻȥһʱɣ
Ԫеľ޽͵ų޾ɫâΧɫĺЩɫâھ޽֮С
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ˣһԪûˡ̻֣ϢЦ˵
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˵̻֮ҲȲдֱͣӾ̨·ȥ
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ļսȻȫļԼūͣǵʵȻǵ̱ϾǳЩʿԺ󣬷׷ܡ
ǹսЩʿȴû˸СǣչʾЩʵԲһЩСɵĺʿֻ²ǵĶ֡


248 
ļʮȫԼū͵սƣӦڸ߲˼Ҫǲս
Ȼ̻˾оԪͷľ޴࣬ӭǵģֻһһεʧܡ
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̻˵ı֮󣬽Ƕٻٻˡ
Ȼڸ߲ʵߵͰű˳ʵԽǿԽں档
ٻٻĵһǺʿһΪɽǰŵӵһ
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ЩսʿʱŴлعû뵽лͽʿĵɽܡ
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лڽϵʣԲ躣ϣлڻûгΪŵӣɶһΪ밡
лʣһų̲סԷ躣


249 
ߣЩ黹ǲһЩ
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Ҳ֪ԼЩԼһǼųϣĿⶼЩ
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Ҫѹһдɣ޺º͵˵


250 һа
ǵ˵ͷʦָ֣㣡
ɣ޺ε˵ͷ
΢ΣǾͻ֮Ԫ׻ϵϢת
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ʳ˫ָһ˸ŵâͻĹŴ޺ȥ
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254 뿪
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Ǹʿҵæ˴󷨡ɽʿ͹ȥ
Ȼ֪ĿģɽʿףԲ뿪ڣȻĻܻܿһȥ
˴֮ɽʿȫɽŷȥû೤ʱ䣬ǾͿķۡ
ɽʿæʹط˲ͳ˷ۣǵǰ档
סҵȥ·֪Ҫʲô
ŵŭӷ֮д
塣֪ŷۣŵº׼ȥ߳ʵ
ѵʸҲûôѲ黹ҪʾǣĻŵķ̡
Ȼɣǽֻû취ˡΪѰл䣬ɸ߲Ѿɽš
ɲ˵ġҹ
һ޴ĹӰӷֱɽʿ¡
ߣ
ŭһ͵رֳȭŹӰȥ
ȻȡŴȵһǳӵ֮л߻ûһ
ҪߵȭײʱӰ͵رһҵķ򲨶ȷųϡ
õȷŵļӳ֣ɽ¥⾳һӱ
ۣ
ߵһʯֱҽȺɽ֮УһʮɸߵСɽ壬˲䱻ҳһʯۡ
ʦ֣
龪һֱȥ
ֻһʮֱľ޴ӶУУֻʣ°ɭɭ׹ǣһʪ磬ĥѪ⡣
ߴʱеȥѹ˿ڴʪ磬Ͼ˼
Ϊ̨չֵģȫʵô
ӿдۼɽŷȥ
壬Ϊߵô
ʱԶΪ׵躣ȵ
õͦ죡
ŭһųԼηһȥ֮󣬾ͽ߶ηɽŴȥ
ֻǶɽʿ嵹ǲ壬Ƕϴʿһʤ㶼ûСҪǾڵЩɢɣֻܿŶˡ
ηΪȫ߶֮һڹ⣬ܹ˵Ĺ
Ҳɱ󣬿ԽУʹɱΧɱ
ʱȫ߶һڹ⣬ɽſǰ
塣ڴ㲻ƷΪҪڣ
躣ͨԪ¡¡崫˹ȥ
躣⻰㻹˵ڵʮʱ䲻˵һƷ͵ǻǼʮݹˡ
д
ߡڵķҪܣΣ
躣ŭһͨط˲ͺǸȡϵȻʹ߶󷨣׼ȡĿȨ

躣һҽУֱӴӿһͷȥ
ղ躣ȡȨʱ򣬺Ȼһɹ˳ʶ䵽ϡ
ѿһ϶һ޷ݵʹ躣־ֱʹ˹ȥ
ϣϣôˣ
躣һǰļɽڳϣæסЩѯʵ
躣Ĳ״һЦ躣鷳
ƽʱ躣걻Ԫ񱣻ţϰ귨Ҳ޷ꡣ
Ǹղţ躣ʶݹ֮Ҫӡǣû˵ꡣ
һ˵ĸ躣û취޸ĻԺ˵һܹάо磬Ǻˡ
û躣ȺɽʿûҲᡣ
ܿ죬ɽŴֱӴ߶ɽ֮д
ոմɽţһȺ׷ɱʿ͸ϵˣΪ׵Ǹɽʿûм׷ɽŴ󺰡
ʢʦ棬ǰǸڵӣ뿪
Ҫһ壬ȻһʹزٿԱߺһ
䣡
һԱߴ
͸忴һֻʮɳľ޴˵ϣڵĳһĿӶ
ߣ
һŭߣһ߰˰ɵľ˴ӻɽ߳ұһӣɨ˹

ʿ֮Ժֻһͷ
ʿΪԽԽطҲԽԽܹа˰طʿӵǰŽɢɵʵ
ԪУ
弸˵Ԫӿ룬վⶥˣ꺢ͯҲվ
ſһڵԪ˲ĿУȻСһ壬˲仯һڹ⣬Զȥ


255 ɢ
ܣһ
Ǹ˰ɸߵľſУˮɫķ˿֣߳һе״
ϣۻƣһµĲɢ
ԭǷɿǰٶȶʱ¶塣
ظоһεϣ赲ǰȥ
ʣȴǿޱȣûκΰ취ֿ
ķôʵ̫ǿˣǰȫûһ㷴֮о̾
𽥺˵ʢ¶һЦ
֮䣬޴ڣڷյһ̶֮󣬹ΧͻţڵĹΧм֮ԶҪǰߣΣ
ۣ
ʢͻȻ뿪һ˿ڣһˮϵ˿ûһɫˮ顣
ߣһ
ʢŭһһУЩɫˮȫɻ˿У·ֻˮϵһҪ˿ڸԭ
ţ
˿ڸոպ£ٴαطˮϵҪٴ
ʢַɿ黭ˮϵڿһɫַϣγһ㱡Ĥ
תͷȥӦ˿ڵĲǴﴫġ
ںʢһճİվĮնɱ绪󣬱ߵл
ղһ㷢ģ
ʢûѾƿеһˣһȤؿл
лǳΪоȻ̺һ˿⣬ȷ绪ţʢһ֮£Ȼ˰֮ġ
ںʢѯʣлĻشٴλӳһ
ۡ
ʢֱϣٴγһѿڡ
ãǳ֪ԸҺʢĵӣ
ٴ۳һöַĤ˿ڷסʢûֵùЦ
ڲΪҵʦţ
лĮУЩȴȼյŭ
лзŭ¡¡ۣһܶ
·ѾΪƬյĻŭŭ
ȻڣȰ£㣡
лĻʢɫһ䡣ŭȵ
ʳָһһˮϵγɵˮɫ֣˲ͽллʵҲû˿ֿ֮
ʢһ֣ˮɫлȥ
лģ鷳ģ
ʱд˳
л˳糵ģ
λǰ鷳תһڵЩ߲㣬ʮлдˣԺлĻһǺúĵġ
ĻʢһʱЩͷԣ֪˵⼸仰ʲô˼
ԼˮϵסĿܣȻ˵ʲôԺ
ʲôȻԼ˵ɣ
ʢЦһűסץȥ
Եټ
Ц˵һ䣬лӰͬʱʧԭأûһټ·Ǵûڹ
ǿռ䷨ĲѵղǸ˵Сһռ䱦
ʢɫаԳ˼
Ȼ֪ǿ϶Ӳľ룬ǺʢȴҲû취ҵǡ
ĹмԶ˵֪̽ڵ
֪ڵλãһܺȥڲ֪ǶģҲֻܰϹ
ղŷһУʵֻк̵ܶʱ䣬˴ʱȺ׷ʿŸոո˹
ʢʦ棡
Ϊ׵Ǹɽʿæźʢ
ʢڵİ˽ɢɣƽڻɽ֮бչأʱ֡
ģղǸӳȥڵô£
ʦ棬Ҫǡǡ
ǸΪ׵Ķɽʿһԥı飬˵ҲЩ¡
˵ʢɫһŭ˽ɢɵƾͱ˳
ʦ棬飬ҪǺ洫ѡйء
ںʢ£Ϊ׵Ķɽʿͽ˵һ¡
֣ʢһ˦䣬ŭ˵Ϊ洫ӣȻͽʮ꣬˾ײغ躣Ҫʲô
ԺʢŭȣǼʿȫҳ
ڵ֪л˵֮󣬺ʢоӿŭ
һȥҪټʦ֣˾ײغ躣ʲʺִڣ
ʢһ˦䣬Ŵķȥ
ʢĻȺʿȫ⡭λʢʦҪ׼ô
û೤ʱ䣬һԽͭ𣬴ڵÿ䡣
һЩ֮أ׷ʿ֣ƯڿУ忴ȥ
֪зʲô¡Ȼͭ඼ˡ
ΪѸ٣˭ʱͭࣿ
ЩʿҡһΣȫ˰ɸߵط࣬ȥ
û೤ʱ䣬˾֮УһɨȥͿ˾ײغʹ躣վڴУ躣ɫһƬҰס
λʦֵܣͭġټλǰҪҪһ£֪ʮΪΣ
Ĳˣʢվڶɢ˵
ʢʦ֣ټǰ⣿
ʢʦܣͭһ졣С£Щçײˣ
ʢĻ˵Ϸ׷¶˲ɫǵټȻ⡣
λʦֵܣӦ֪Һʢçײ֮ˣҪȻҲѻɽ󽻸ƹܡλʦֵܻشҵ⡣
ʢɫ֣ص˵
ʢ˵ϵñҲ֪ȷ鷢ˡ
ʮԪٶ˼Ҳʼӿ죬ĹؿҲЩɶ
һΪֻأû뵽ǵΪҲӿˣ
ұ㳬Խʦֵģһ¿ûָˡ
һ˵֮£֪ʮΪٶȫӿˡ
λʦֵܵĻʢһ˾ײغ躣ĿУŭ֮ɫ
ʢʦ֣ǲ֪ٶԭ˾ײغ躣Ī˺йأ
һɢתͷźʢʵ
λʦֵܣˣٶȴӽ𣬲ˡ
ʢڶɢɵۣص˵
ôˣʲô£
ʢʦܣټǲǾΪ˵£
ŴԣڶɢɵϷ׷ɫ䣬м˵бŷɱ
ЩɢÿһʵͶһֶɹٵİգ˭ҪӰǵ൱Ҫǵ
ʢл˵һ˵ȫô£˾ײغ躣ĿУȫǳŭ
ͼʿΪ˵õָ㣬Ǹ߼ʿΪʲôرǵһʿ޾ûпɵıҪ
ǺͱʿһͬΪĺѹƾֵܵڶɵӡ


256 ɺ
Щ߼ʿ˵ɲǱһ׸
£ΪһССµƵɴڣѵЩ߼ʿȫ鷳ɣ
ʵȻˡ
Щ߼ʿ֮ԿɣΪܹһЩӵд˵ĵӣĻҲܹŷһЩˣܹһ;ߵøԶ
лɵʮЩɢɵٶôϵ֮ۺɼһߡ
ǣ˾ײغ躣Ϊ洫ѡᣬȻ˵뿪ֱǲˡ
Щɢ洫ӸͲʲôǲЩŵֶΣֻҪ洫Ӿдˣھ;Բ˥ܡ
ƽʱ洫ѡᣬЩɢɻ⣬СԼȥ֡
һΣ˾ײغ躣Ȼлˣ͵Ҫǵ˲ڵӣͱڶɢɵˡ
λʦֵܣΪ˾ײغ躣Ѿʺϼ쵼ţ֪ʲô
ʢ̧ͷһȦΧڶɢɣ˵
Ϊһ˽棬ȷǲʺ쵼ˡһۣüĿ续ӣ赭д˵
ֻûסˣҲͰˡǾȻ˵ˣҪǴ𣿡
һŽɢһŭ˾ײغ躣ȵͬʱһѹϡ
ŽɢѾǰ֮壬ܹɢѹȻ޷ĵɴȣǶͨĴʿ˵ȴǸ޷
˾ײغ躣ǶʿھŽɢɵѹ£ԾǿƲסĲ
˵躣ϸǲ亹䡣
ǿԽصϢɢȥ϶壬ֻҪҽ϶ᱻΧɱ
ǿžŽɢɵѹ躣Լ֮ǰ뷨˵˳
躣ͷ֣еڶ̫ϳȫÿ׳յĿ⿴
Ϊ˶׳ô򲻵ѣ˭ΪУǺڣôͬ㵱ϣ
ʢĿؿ躣˵
˾ײء躣˶
ڶɢ׼ô˵ʱ򣬴ӴͻȻһŭĺ
ʦ֣
ڶɢæվ׼ȥӭӡ
ʮ߽ɢɡʵڶ̫ϳŵڵڸ֮һʢЩȻ˿
ûȺʢ߳ȥһĿֺӾʹ˽ϴһɫۣϹļ⽫۱ýģɡ
ûʢˡһŭؿŴе˾ײغ躣
ʮɵٶҲ࣬ؿҲʼɶʹ磬һ
˭֪ԭͿ챻忪ľؿڣͻȻȹʧܣΪ½
ղڵ飬֪һжΪ˾ײغ躣ԭһ˵Ķˡ
ʦ֣㿴Ӧôã
ôã˼һ£кһȥϵľϵųϹҪһЩ쵼ܣ
Ȼ֪Ҫʲôмɢɳȥųϡ
ųһô̫ϳϣ̾ͽ
ʢô
ʢ˿ųϣ˵ͷ˵ȷųбȽġ
Ǿͺã
ЦһһţֱӰ˾ײУȻ͵˾ײصԴȥ
˾ײΪʿɵȴһ˿֮ûС
ɵֱãֱӽ˾ײصԴгʮŤɫ˿ߡ
Ҫ
˾ײ̲סһУȡڵķ˿ߣ൱ڰΪ
ʮ˿֮߳ɽ˾ײӵһԣȻǸϵųʮϸߴڡ
ʮϵϸ߸һ룬ųϵڷŤܶѳ˿ڣѪ
˫ַɿӡһַǸųϵڡ
Щַİ£Ǹųܿͽڵʮϵ˿ѹס
ȥչһʱ䣬ʮ˿
編ƣ躣Ҳʮϸߣһųϵڡ
˾ײء躣ֻǸһССĽѵպΪ˽棬Ҿֱǣ
ɿ̱ڵϵˣ˵
ʢ˰ѷ˿Ͱǽʹϡ˵֮תͷųϣϣ˶εΪ䣡
˵֮ɾһ˦䣬뿪˴
˵һϵо䣬˵ֱ˲뿪һɽ֮С
Ŷٻٻ˳ԭء
Ƿһ飡лƽ˵
л⸱ûЦݵӣҡҡͷлʲô飬Ը˵˵ô
ܹлӦǷʲô飬ȻĻ鲻ͻȻ˴ı仯
֮ǰˡлƽһ̶ˮ
лĻ˲סˣû뵽һС磬ʮ˿ڣȻˡ
лΪ취Ȳ磬һ˴Ӳӳĸĸˡѻȫڲ硣
类ˣǾζѾ
ܹл飬ǵĸĸ˳£˵ֱӷ衣
ô죿лʵ
һҪڸ𣡡
˵ڵʱлϵϢ̿ʼҲ
дڸ֣ȥֻӶӲҡҡͷ
Ȼлܹһ˶ɽʿķ̫ˣ˵ɽʿʿĹһܵס
֮ǰֽߣ躣ŲڶС
ģڻ׼ȥڣ׼ȥһЩؾȵʵ㹻ʱȥڣ˵лٴαɱ
лܵĻȥμǱǱܹ֮ȡΣͿԵõµ˼ӳ֣ʵҲϲ١
ҵʱȥģǱнʱ䣬ҴȥһܲһЩʵ
л˵ҲЩҪȥǾֿɣȵǱټ
Ҳڴ˵ĵһսлתͷĿУЩս⡣
лųԵķۣȥ
ҪѰҸڵϵĸھʵ̫Զ÷۸ϹȥĻҪϼʱ䡣
Ļ廹һûпܷµĸֻҪܹҵµĸ
ľ鵹ΣҪͨı䣬һЩľϲ


257 Ϻ緻
Լ֮޷ͨǿõġ
µһǧֱҰѰҵĻֻ¼ǧ꣬Ҳһܹҵһ
ڸһص㣬ڵĹֻܹɱ˵Щǿġ
ĻֻҪȥһЩʿۼشһȻܱȽ׵ҵµĸ
̻ǰһȽϴķУͣ°ɣ
ǰͼϵͳϵıʶʶʻ۵̻˵
ֲµĴССУۼڶ෨ҩ̡ĵرڶʿǰʿľۼء
ȻеγҲҪǿأ֤ʿİȫȻĻûʿԸǰ׵ġ
һ㶼һЩٵģ׷УȻҲһЩɢ޸ֻڶСۼһ𣬿һЩС
׼УΪϺ緻УʮɢֿγɵģǷԲʮڹﷶΧһС
Ϻ緻еſڣۣŶٻٻųſȥ
֮ⷻУϽУΥˣǽϵķ˲ͻɳʮף۴һ
ڳſվżٸнǵʿǷѡ
⼸ٸҲǳʿΪ׵˸ǷʿЩǵʿ塣
ǷÿһƷʯ
߹һˡһǰޱ˵
һǷѣҲЩ࣬Ȼ˵һƷʯʲôǶЩʿ˵ȴǰ롣
ȻҪԸðΣȥɱޣҪ߳ܶࡣ
ֲôӸղſʼûнʿأǳջõʯһǷѸߣȻѡһЩСķС
ЩСķǷѾҪͺܶ࣬ȻȫԲУܲںСбῴǵջ
Ӵָó˿Ʒʯݸǰĳ
ǵƣһ䣬ҹץĻǺصġˡǿԽȥˣ
˵֮Ǹÿλá
лѣ˵ͷͬʱһƷʯ
Ϻ緻еĲúڷв࣬ſһ̡ɢ޽׵Ĺ㳡ڷе㣬һЩλá
ûȥ¥̽Ϣȥ˹ɢ޽׵Ĺ㳡Ϊûʯˡ
ΪЩ̺ݡѾһǧٶ鼫Ʒʯȫĸɾˡ
ֻʣ¼ƷʯԺҪݣҪ취׬ȡʯˡ
ڵϡɱǼʿջĲʯǵķʹָеĵر
ЩƷ̵ֱĻʯΪѾɷĵر޷ֽЩչ֮󣬻Ҫʦ޸
ʦ˵޸һһҪ鷳Ͼ޸ǰձ˵˼·ȻƷס
һЩǿķ޸ļֵһЩͨķ޸֮ǵòʧ
֮ǰЩƷ˵Ҳֻռطķʦȼļ֮ѧһܣȴܽЩƷΪ
ֽܹȼװֽΪԭϣֽԽףĵԪԽࡣ
ڵʦȼļҲ˵ֻҪƷڼƷͿԽֽԭϡ
ڸ·ʱѾֽ˲ٵļƷõ˲ٵĲϣЩ˲ٵļƷ
һЩܹĲϱ˳Ƴ˼Ʒû취ϵʯѾĸɾˣʡһһ㡣
ƵЩ;ƷʣûһͨƷʣ۵Ļ϶ܹüǮʱʯΣ
˽׹㳡ֻһƷʯȡһ̯λơ
һط̯λ֮ٴʹϴεĲԣƷս
һᣬвʿ˹
һжϴһھ˼˵ĳ֮ƵļƷõ˵Ͽɣ׷׳
ûж೤ʱ䣬ļƷɾһǧƷʯϵͳĶһһʮ鼫Ʒʯ
ʱǰֻʣʮƷƷʣƷʡ
ƷʵƷһǧƷʯƷʵƷǧƷʯ
ֻЩûǮƷʿȥ˷ĵĴ̣ᵽ㳡й䣬ʮƷȻҲʽ
ղЩ˼ƷʿʮƷʮֵ۲ļƷͿԿ̯ʮóʮƷԲ
̯ʮƷƷʣǲҲղЩƷһ
ڣһɫװʿ̲סʵ
ȻûƷʣҲôߵļ۸񣡡˵ͷ
ĻشǸʿһĨ˷ܣæתһԵһͷȥҪǷвУֻͷɹȥˡ
û೤ʱ䣬ͼǸʿһȺˣ̯λ˹
ҸղŸ˵Ǹ̯λ̯λķƷʶʮֺá
ߵǰ֮Ǹװʿһ˷ܵضǸ˵
Ǹ괩һɫۣͷϵڽǷʮƽ
λ֣̯λϵƷǷһۣ
㣡
һѣָתѾת˼Ȧ
Ѵյߣᴵ
峺ĵ𣬷·紵֣Ȫˮˣմһ磬ͨ泩
õӣôʣһļƷҲȲӶǮҪˣ
¶һϲ̧ͷ壬ֽ߬סѲţĻиղǹƽȵȡ
۸ѾˣǧƷʯ
ָָ̯λϵļ۸ޱض˵
󣬲󣡡
֣Ҳָ֣ϵĴָһԣʯѾתϡ
֪λֿɷ֪պҪƷĵӣܵʱҪ֡
ڴؿ塣
Ȼ˵ʽеۣҲûʲôġ
ҽ塣
彻̸ʱվļˣȴɫؿ塣
⼸ʿ̴ӣǸղǼͷ̵ܣ֮ǰѡ
ֻѡѡȥȴûķ
ʱ̴ͻȻ˵˼仰֮ͺһ˳Ҳæʲô顣
ǣû뵽ǣļҵȻһС̯λϹ򷨱ʵ̫ˡ
ĹӣС̯λϵķƷҪг⣬ֻº밡
ǼΪ׵ˣæߵԱ˵
ꡪ
һ¶мЦݡ


258 ֽҳ
ƵƷҪƷǾûƷܹǾƷˡ
ǸѣѾƷļޣʲôȼʦõƷ
ҿͦõģͲˡ
üͷ΢壬ǸǸ̵˵
֣֪ԺҸȥδݷ㣿
ûǸ̵ܣһЦݵתͷ塣
ڻ޶ԵԺȻټ
˵۾ʱһ
ȥļ֪ͣʱ䣿
ܱǸһҪΪǱ׼ûʱǰȥݷˡ
忴óҪ£ΪڵԭڶЩ
̫ϧˣǾֻ֮񶦵ˡ
񶦵Ǳĵص㣬λµĺһ֮Уռʮ﷽Բ
񶦵ټˣ幰˹֡
˹֣ʹ̴ŷȥ
Ĺӡ
Ǽ̵ܽһûǣͷûлء
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˲˽µ֮УЩֻǿ޷γκ谭
˵ȭڵϣһʮľ޿ӳ֣ΧڵЩȫ޿ӷΧڵЩʿ³ҲΪҡ
һЩڵʿҲˣµʿǱսನֱ
ԭսЩʿžŻæˣɢɲսܹսģΪһսನܹɱǡ
Ϻ緻еһطӵðͷ
ղһصףԶתƣһȭûжκ˺

һУһ׸ߵԼ֮ǰְ棬̻˾ͻ׹Լ֮С
˽յĴͽ̣պһϢ
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籩꣡
˫̧һͨصľ޴֣һ㣬Ϻ緻֮Ű
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ˮһдÿһˮڵϣܽ港ʴһȭͷĿӶ
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µһƬƽ̹㹻ĻԴһ˿һˡ
Ϊʮɢɣ㹻ʮ壬ټԴﵽ٣ǿҲ׷

ЦһͿʼ˲岻ϵ˸ԽԽԶֱ󳬳Χ

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˿ͨؽ˿ƲƲ죬ȻǺ٣Ǻϵķȣȴǲ̫Զˡ
ͨؽķ򲢲ʮ⣬Ǹʮİ䡣
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ȸһļϣ˷ܵߴߴҽУСҲǲϵţϣϡ
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˵ȸ˷ܵıߴߴиͣϵСߣҲ̧ͷš
ڼ˵ŻʱһѪӰȻ֣һǳ˹
̻ϿٳһӰһƾͽѪӰɢһšžડһж˵ϡ
ĽһЩİѵĶ˹ϸһȴһѪɫˮ


263 ǧ
ѪʹԪ֮󣬿Ѫ⣬ǿ
ʹ֪֮Ѫɫˮֺá
ܲӣǲ֪Чô
ڵԪӿѪɫˮԪ֮Ѫɫˮ˲ͻһѪ⣬˳Ԫȥ
أ
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ղǵѪӰΪṩ˿Ȼ࣬Ҳһʮܹġ
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ˣһܹʮöѪвѪն̽ˡ
һ˵ţ̻ĿͿźնµĶ´׼ĶӣѪóƵġ


264 Ѫ
ҿû̶٣նЩ޹˵
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ڿն廯һ⣬źȥٻٻ̻Ҳæں档
彫ȫͷųȥһ޴ʯ룬ǰϹЩѪӰ׷ױ飬ѪҲС
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ԭڵѪɫҰڽӽǽʱٶȴ͵ӳƳǵʿڳﲻ߶ţɾûг⡣
ʵѪɫҰҪ⣬ǱϷϵͳڳǳڣȻĻҪںܣһʱỹ治ҵ

ѪɫҰڳ棬ûгĴ㣬ԭӵˣʱȫһ
˾ǲǰаˣǽƳ֮󣬺ܿͷˮԪɷϢ
һϲ׼ȡʱͷѪɫҰͻȻ֣Ƿ˹
ʵͷѪɫҰʵǺǿҲǱ΢ǿһ㣬֣ܹɱ
ǣܲסѪɫҰв֮尡ǻ˲СĹսѪɫҰɱ̾͸ˣȻٴǳ
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ͷѪɫҰĲ֮ʵ̫ѶԸˣǸκβѦҡҡͷѪɫҰЩε˵
ʵڲеĻֻܳһȥͷѪɫҰȵȡˮԪɷ֮ƽ䣡
аһᣬ˵


265 ɱ
а˻һȫĬˡ
˭ȥͷѪɫҰһʵԼһЩӵв֮ĴڣһСģ³
һ˳ǷԸóˮԪɷ
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ȻȺ˵ʵ㹻סѪɫҰڵȴܹǵġЫҡҡͷ¶Ц
ɽһЦѾѳڣȻûз׷ɱȴҲ͸Ϣ˵һƷⷨ˭õڶ׷أ

ɥˡЫ˺Ѧ˵ĺȫôǵҲ΢΢Щ졣
ƷⷨҲҪǧ鼫ƷʯЩͨʿҪʡԼһǧ꣬ܳ㹻ʯ
ǧƷʯҲһܹƷⷨ
ڣֻҪɱ壬ܹõһƷⷨôܹĶ
˵ģаҡҡͷ˺һǵļƻҲ룡
а˵ǶôϡȱĶеĳǹһƷϾʦǧˣֶҪҼֻһܼ򵥵顣
а˳ȻѦЩŭȴҲ˵ʲôϾаĺ̨̫ӲǸǲ
ûѳڡ֪ƷⷨҲᣬʮƷŵĻǿɲۡ
ܹΪڴȵһʵһ˵ҪǿһһһҪͬʱ֣ȷһɱ
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ڴŵţɽǴͲСӡĸͬʱ͵ϮһʿҲҪȫ֮ߡ
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ˡ
ıһȾ޴ķ֮ţɣɣųֳĽɫϿɽͼƣһɹɽϢɢ
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˵пһȪ֧㲻ĻԳȡ
˵֮аҲٹ壬źȥܿʧںС


266 Ȫ֧
ȻлȪ֧¶Щϲɫ
ڵظ֮УһӣΪӣֳ֮ΪڤӡӵԴͷǻȪˮɻȪ֮ˮѪһ𣬳ʳɫ
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Ԫ˫ָոץסɫˮɫˮŤˮı棬ʱĺɫƬ
צ룬ɫˮһ˲ͱһɫ
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ҵҪʲô
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ӻȪ֧ݹ־һľһ㣬ϵײϷϵͳ־ϣĸоͺ˲Ķ߷һ㣬оһѣΣԴһ
⻹ΪϷϵͳ־ȻĻԻһ˲ͱǹ־ɡ


267 ־
Ȫ֧ݹ־󲿷ֶϷϵͳ־£Ծм΢ļ־˹־ѹ
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ⳡܹ˾ǧ˿򣬿˵һ޴ĽΪû򵽼ޣʱûͻơ
ȸС߾ûˣǽһСַ򣬾ֱ51ʣ´ķ
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268 ƿ
ص֮Ȳش˰䣬ڿĶʱ̲ס¶ʧ֮ɫ
ȻǴ飬ʲô
ڴеⱦﲢûг֣ŵһʦ顣
ЩƵʦ飬˫һģͽⱾʹˡ
ʹʦ飬ڱ鴫еǰ˼֪ʶԶΪ˼ʦ
֪ʶԺзӵ룬ڵʶҲоЩ͡
Щ֪ʶһԺͿʼЩ֪ʶ໥֤໥ֲγһµķ󷨷֮
ֻоԼԺڷĺ֮䣬Ľϵ͹ͨĵط
ָָԪγɸͬķġ
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ףͼϵͳϵı仯¶˾ϲ֮ɫ


269 ׳
ڵͼϵͳʾĵϣѤѾĵҲ˵ͼϵͳʵʱΧı仯
˵ЩѤӸĵʮͻȻȴԴӵͼϵͳǰЩ仯
ˣԺпƵͼڻȸ׳ǰɣ
׳ĳУȻҲзеãȴһУǲڶʿסĵط
ʿסУͨҲסС
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һһڲ׳Уĺ󱲳Ϊڵӣƽӹĺǽӣܳ˿ڡ
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׳ǳϿյĳطռˮһ㲨ʹɳһҿۡ
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ô͵٣̻üͷ̲סһ塣
ȻһƷʯ񣬵СΪƷʯʱ䶼һ
ǣû뵽үô࣬һʱסˡСعæ˵
Сղסˣû뵽̻ȻһƷʯ
ǼڳΪӣһҲһƷʯܼڵˣһеٮٮߡ
ڲ׳һƷʯܹһƽ𣬵һƽȴһܹһƷʯ
СһĹǮǶƽʮ밡
λүΪȥһС
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˵ζһҲûУջΪͨ˷ģֲǸСһƷʯôˣ
˼ϵľƲ֮ͷ˿ӣҡҡͷ˵
ˣǲȥһҿջ
ˣһҰɣҲһʱ䣬żһͨ˵Ҳͦġ˰˵
Ҫ˰˼СԺСԺһһƽʯ֧ĻһƷʯסĸµʱ䡣
̻û˵ʲôֱ˶ʮĿƷʯ˿ջϰ壬˵ֻüë۾
Ǿջס
֪ǲǿƷʯԭǸСʱʱ⼸СԺܣѯûʲôҪ
û೤ʱ䣬ǰ˸죬弸˶ֽ֪¸
徭¸ȥһЩʮľƲ֮࣬Ҳָ䣬Ϊڶ̶̼µʱڣͳ嵽߲㡣
õ˺ô¸ǻҪרҵˣ±ջϰ峴㣬޷ٵõָ㣬ֻҲȥˡ
ţ¸Сôûл
ղ¸ȥһЩ̺ľƲֻʱѾˡ
ߵߵߵ
ʱСԺű졣

üͷ΢壬оʲôõ鷢ˡ
ɣղŹٸ˹˵¸ʬСб˸ˣȥʬ˵ϵĿڴǽٲƣ
ջϰĻһĨ⡣
Ŷնܱɱ˽ٲƣ׳ǵΰ̫ðſջϰȥλгϢƷʯҪ
Ц˵
ǣˣ
û೤ʱ䣬ߵУ԰ſڡ
һȥʲô齻Ϳˣ
ջϰæСԺ˳
λɣ
Ǹϰ˵һ֮󣬾ʹ˿ջһ֮ƬĹϽٸȥ
ƥ磬û೤ʱ䣬͵˹ϽĹٸڵء
λүʸĽǷǰȡ¸ʬġջϰһЦݵضŹٸſڵ˵
˶ڵΪȻвʲôǵ٣ץץЩͨˣȴǴ´ˡ
ȥɣ
թȤûУΪһҲδóһƷʯѹġ


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Ϳջϰ彭߽ȥ֮󣬾Ϳһżªľϵʬ塣
ھ飬أѾˣ㽫ʬȥɣ
һ¸ʬ壬䵭ضԽ˵
ȵߺյɿһ΢Ϣķɳɱ¸֮µϢ
ֽѰ٣
ӻóһֻСֽףʳ˫ָֽһ㣬̾·֣鲼ֽеϢҲֽС

ֽ׵С۾˸£ųϷһȥ
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СΪûκεֱֿ֮Ӿͱ˾¥档
˶¥һż俴ȥżſڡֽײŷš
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ηСȻ͵Ϯҵȣ
Ǹոǲɱһʿϵʯˣ
żڵˣޱʵ
żڵʿһô֪ģǿԵֽʱ̾ôˡ
˵ʿɱһʿΪĲƲǺЦǸղųֵʿЦ
ǳв϶˵ҪֻҪ֪Ǹɵľˡ
ܵʿϻ¸Ϣ֪ûҴˣ¸ȷɱġ
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ʿֵĽУɫˮ˽ûʱʴɾ
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Դұϼ¥ɱҵĿˣһĻͱ߳¥Ű벽
¥Ļֿһⲽ˹
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ұϼ¥ɱ˵ɣȫûұϼ¥ﰡ
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ŵƣҲż˵ע⣬شż߳ۿⳡս
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˵ͷû
ղɱʿǱǾ񣿡ͲͷתͷǸʵ
תͷƹƹǰһλҲʿ
ʿֱ֮Ӵǲܣֵö̫󣬶Բ׳شٻͱǳˣߣ
˵֮󡣰ͲͷҲûǸֱ꣬Ӵת뿪
ҲûжֱӴҡڵ߳˱ϼ¥
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ЩӡûǴĻӦеһɣ
߶豭һڣ΢΢۾˵
ڲƷⷨϢй¶ȥǼ˵ģҲһй¶ȥ
֣ϣһƷܹⷨɲһСĿʿлԾ
Ǻǣô򵥣ڴȵһʵСԪȰ㻹ǲҪĺáߺǺЦ
֣δҲ̫ˡǳΪʵҲǿﵽʿûҼɵĵز
ʿһмӡ
ԪѾ̰ס˫ۣĲܹǵġ߷Ĳ豭˵
֣һ£뿪ˡ
ʿûٶ˵ʲôת뿪ż䡣

ԪȥıӰߵȻ֪Ҫʲôȥ̾˿
߿úԲ򵥣ȻĻھԻԳ壬ڰڵڶʿæ׷ɱ塣
ǰȥϼ¥ɱʿʱ¸ʬҲ˻
ֻǾ飬ãΪôʱķϣͽһɣ
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ͬʱ¸Ҳѣں
ȵʧ¸۾ͿһԵ塣
һᣬ¸ŽԺеļæ˼ͷлǰȣӽ֮¸ǰġ
¸ĻЦҡҡͷСӵǻ˳
ɣ׳ǲ೤ʱ䣬һԵ֣ԵۣԵȥɢǿˡ
Ҫȥ񶦵μǱܴ¸ºҲרҲֻһζݵԵˡ
֪ˣ¸͸ʧ䡣


271 һֿ
񶦵
ʿ񶦵ȥ֮ӣͨʿûнǱϣÿʿǿŲʢ¡
Ȼ񶦵Ҳ׼׼ȻĻ񶦵͵Ҳݲ´˷ӿʿ
񶦵ڵĴΪһ׺࣬Ϊ㣬ӯߣڼн׾١
Ҫִ񶦵ͱڶΧ£̤ˮʮܹһʿΪΣҲųڵʵ
Щʵڵʿ񶦵սʸûС
ʱ͹Ȼû򿪣һЩٽ񶦵ʿѾϵ˴ߣ񶦵ȥ
Щʿո̤ˮ棬ˮ̾Ƿһ㣬ȫǴͷûһ˿϶
ֻҪʿǵͷ߹Ǿͻˮдܳſ岻ƵĴ죬ڼЩʿҧȥ
Щʿ׷״߶ϵķʹһֵЩĹ
Щ㵥ʵȻǿ޾ȴڶʿԪġ
ʱڣڶʿܹ֧ţʱһһЩʵϵ͵ʿͱЩ׽ˡ
ˣҳŲסˣٲȥֻˣ
˿ԾʮңԶ񶦵һԪӤʿתŰ߷ء

֮ǰĵԪ̫ˡոߵһ룬ϵķͱƣҲ˺飬ڶһӵϵĴʳɾ
ʿĲҽз·Ļ֮󲻶ʿķƣڶֶʳ֮
һʱ֮䣬ĴʿĲҽһЩԲʿܵӰ죬ӦһģҲЩʿĺ󳾡˺ɷ顣
ЩʿҪڿǴϿŽ󷨣Ǹͷɲ
һһʿҲһһʿ񶦵
񶦵ϣֲŴССϰٸǳأ񶦵ĵǳأ﷽Բռ񶦵ٷ֮һ
ǳؾǱʽĵص㣬ΧЩСǳءԤѡĵص㡣
ֻͨԤѡܹ񶦵ĵǳأμǱʽ
ˡ
һ죬ڴܡĹţЩͨµĳС
ѵȴõʿЩз˳
һҸʽķҲз˳лżҰĿۡ
Щɹʿвּʻŷ۵ʿ׷̤ϴ棬ʼһʮ·̵֮á
ʣµЩۺͿֱۣӴӴɹ񶦵ȥ
ЩǸɵĲӣǶܹõһĲⲿֱֵӲμǱʽ
쿴ʮƷŵĿۣ˵ŵ費߰꣬ѾǺʿˣǰ;
Ǹɭɭǰ׹ƳɵĿʮƷŰ׹ǵɣ׹ǵĹҲǾް˵İ׹ǷѾؾ磬Ǳ׵ߣ
ǸӨˮεĿۣʮƷŲ׺˵İɣŵǿǾɫ˰

ŴͷϷɹһҿۣѾ񶦵ЩʿͿʼŪǵ֪
ڶʿУһʿЩɢվϵ·ɿ壬ϴŵЦݡ
Χڶʿ̧ۣͷһͷǼҿۡ
֪ܹסҼ
Զһɽϣһϥڷ嶥һϥϣڳš
Χʿ̸ۣûһ㷴Ӧֱڵ֣ı΢΢Щ仯̧ͷһۣȻµͷų
һСߣһʿڲݵϣͷϷɹǼҿۣмƲƲ졣
һССµʲôţΪ˵Ȥ
۾ţ˵λһ㡣
ڴ͹Ŵ򿪵ʱҲ׼뿪׳ˣ¸˹
¸ҲԵݡ͸ˣ
ֵ¸Ķͷ鱦еõһݾŲ㹦ʹ¸Ժ
ȵ¸ѹʱ弸Ѿ뿪ˡ
ڲ׳ǵһ¥ʿһһԪ
Ԫĺ췢ߣ۾һЦһѾǰ͹ˣ
ҲȥɣԪæվ
⼸˾Ԫϵģ׼Ըļʿ
ܹŴȵһʵԲСʿÿ˶ǺΪ֣ܹ塣
ˣǺʲô˶ˡ
޻þ򣬶ΧĻоΪУǸ췢ߵļӣȻӲĸ֪
ǣǼ̰ɱ۾֪ļһѡ˻֣˵
ڳ˴ϵʿʿ壬Ͳˣȫطϡ
˼;֮Ǿ˳ĵĴ͹Ŵ
Ǹոս봫͹û೤ʱ䣬ԪҲ
ȻӴ͹ųȥʱСĵ㣬ҲȷûзǵļӣһСģ͵Ϯˡ
봫͹ǰǸ췢߶Ԫ
İɣ巭˻
Ԫ˷׷׼˸Եķʩ˼ѹҲ˳Ƶȫװ
ٶҲ̫˰ɣҵǺһˡ
ԪմӴ͹г߾ʹһ
ˣ
Ԫ˵Ժ̾ͷǾæһԶȥ
ǾķȥͿһվڿУĿؿǡ
壬ֻҪ㽫ǼƷⷨǲΪġȱﲻһʿܹӵеġ
Ԫſе庰
ǺǣҪÿ˶ҽһƷⷨǻ˵ãҾ㿪ӣҲñŪõհЦ˵
ȻִԲ򣬲ϰǼǾֻԼˣ
췢ŭһеƷȳһȣһ˾ϯ
ʲôⶼ鷳ˣ
һΣͭͳϣ˫סһϱ䳤ֱǲӭȥ
ͭǿѹֱӽǲȫѹ𣬹ͣ٣˺췢ߵϡ
췢Ϊʿط໹ûüóͱһӴ򱬡
ô˻ᣬԪѾط˳
Ƕ˵ûطûһӳٴνһʿһұ
ŶɽꡢϵĲԽԽһеҲԽԽǿ֮Ŷûѹʿ
ôܣһʿôܹǿ󣿻ǼǺʿ
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272 
ڵ壬һƷⷨ˭ҪɱǼƷⷨ˭ģ
ԪܿعһԶȥһ߹ĶԪλ˳ȥ
͹ųʿȫתͷرһЩʿĿг̰ɱ
ߣ
һ³ϵĻƣڿл켣׷Ԫеͭ¡
Ԫûκηϵķͷһڳϵ⾳Ĺ֮£屻״顣
ԭڶʿƣȫѹ˳ֵ뷨
ܹܵһǿĺʿϾǶʿ
ڶʿУȱģǾǼӵжڵĹΪʿԪһ㡣
ߺߣһʮＫԪȵ˺·̣һʿ϶ʣ¶Ԫʱǳֵʱ
չֳʵЩҪֵĺʿɵƷⷨջЩʿ뷨
治֪֪ʵʵû巨⡣
ߣ
ܵΧʿ̰Ŀ⣬ЦһЩ˲ãǸͲҪˡ
ŶٻٻŴȥԶԶͿ¶ˮڶͷ˸źļ
ǱĵһֿȻ򵥴ֱȴǺʿۺʵûκηƫģ
һ߰ţһߴŶٻٻ̤˺棬񶦵ȥ
ûʹʲôֻǽԼţǿ¡һ֣ƾЩײȴǸ岻ˮ档
˾ͺͥŲһ㣬ڴƻʵţһ̤Ǽɵľ롣
һеģЩʿı࣬Ϊ廹Ԫ㣬ֻʹùġ
ڱֳʵҲòٺʿ鷳뷨
ЩȻҪ巨ʿʱҲ̤˴棬ʼһʮ·̡
ʱܿȥѾ˴󲿷ֵ·̡񶦵Ҳң񶦵ϵľѾܹ
ԪӦĴˣʽԽǿĵԪԽࡣڵԪƶòʽˡ
һжͻȻһʮʿͬʱ֣ڶǿʽΧ
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ÿһڴɽϣĹâһЩֱҲûܽɽȻ
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ǼʮʿͬʱܣҲ̲סһѪ
ʱҲԵΪǱǵȻסʮǿʽĹΪ˽ٻٻУֻӲǼʮ
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ļٵģǸôţ衢Щţڳڶϼʮʿһͻᱻɵ
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ˣһθٻٻƷʱҲΪԼһ
óƷ֮Ǽʮʿӵۺˣ岻һƷⷨȻһƷ
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ؼ͵ɽ壬һǼʮʿȥ
һ֣סһεĹûԪˣ
һΣϴǼʮʿ֣ʮԭսĺʿ˽
ǵǿĶ֣ǻңһ𹥻һľԪǿߣǻӵġ
ڶʿĹ£ɽ˲ʼ˸ʱҪһ㡣
ѾˣƷĹҲȸղࡣкʿЦ˵
ʱһʪķɽɹĺХʿط໹ȫɻ롣
Ϊеʱһʽɽ֮ΪƴԵֵΪ֮Է֮ΪƮѸ٣񲻿ɵ
˭ǣҵԪľˣ
ЦӽһʪĽ˳ȥγһ©ĽʮʿΧС
Ҫ壬һԸΪţ
ûʸ񣡡
ʮ罻ʮʿ˲ͱָ


273 ڶֿ
ˡ
ΧЩսʿȫԽһĭ
ʮʿ޻֮ıɱˣһʿʵôô̬
⼸ʮʿʵ̫ûˣһвûУ鶼û͡ʿһʮֲ˵
ʱ䣬ȷ٣⻹ʵɣлңң壬˵
ĿػܣΧЩʿȫԽصһ
ʱѾûٸȥ巨⣬ΪʵȫϣղŵʵѾ֤鷳ֻ·һ
üĺڹһٻٻ˱˳
Ҫ񶦵ͱ뿿ԼʵȻĻִ񶦵Ҳᱻ񶦵ȥ
ȻЩŵӵƼĵӲܵƣǵõ񶦵ϵġ
ֻ˼ʮӵʱ䣬һ˾̤񶦵
弸ߵʿԶóһ·ղŵı֣ǳ׽ڶʿסˣһС壬ֽˡ
壬ղſұȥæأ˭֪¾ͰѶֽˡ
ʱһʿֿȺЦ
翭
һ۾ϳһʵʿǴһƷĻ翭
壬ȥǱΣ
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Χڶʿæ翭һ˾ߵһƧط
壬ֶ֪н翭Ҳûӣֱӿʵ
ûʲôɽΨһĽһƷ˵ҪɣӦ˼
ܹǿƷ˰ɣ˵
翭ûʲôϣֻһʣϾ岢רְҪʮʲô
ǡû뵽ǣֶξȻô࣬ѾܹƷˡ
ƳƷʵķ𣿡翭æ׷ʵ
鷳üͷһ˵
ﵽ߼ĻֻҪƲӽ¯֮ͲùˣһʱԶƳɷˡ
ҪƷĻȴһʮ鷳顣
ڲļʦѷӳЩ߼ϵԡ
󷨸ߴ˼Ϊ׭֮Ҳﵽ˼Եʡγ󷨷֮мĸ
ֲĲ㣬ܹƳһ
壬вٵݡλԳϣֻҪܰһƷʵķһж˵
翭бһâϵʧˡ˶ʮ˷ܡ
Һܺ棬㲻һɢޣô˶ĲƸ֮ǰļ۸񡣾һɽʿҲƵƷɣ
תͷһЦؿһԵĻ翭
ǺǣǺǣͲù˰ɣ翭˺ЦЩ䱸ؿ塣
ϣһ˿ݣóҾͰһƷʵƷ
۸ʨӴ󿪿ڣһƷ۸Ҳ൱ǧ˿ݡ
һ˿ѾƷⷨļ۸ˣ˵ҪϣʿǾԲܴӦҪġ
ҲΪ翭ӦҪ֮Ա˸ۣΪͲ˷ʱƷҪѻ翭ܡ
۸Ȼ˵㣬ҵĳܷΧڣҽ۸񡣡
翭һ˵ţһߴӴָϺݣͬʱóĻһֽҳ
ʹֽҳǩԼ֮󣬻翭ͰЩϺһݽ塣
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һҲ֪Ҫƶ೤ʱ䣬ȵȻȥġ˵ͷԻ翭˵
Ҿ͵ĺϢˣ
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274 ʤ̭
һĹ㳡Ϳÿ̨϶ڽżҵսÿʱÿ̶ʧȥʸ
ڹ㳡࣬ߴ赣ʾһʿǵսһ⣬ȫûаܼ
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275 ɱΣ
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ӵвμӱʸʿҲȫµĳиȥһʱ֮䣬춼ʿеӰ鳲һ㡣
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翭ûзӦһ㣬վԭأûκζ

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Ȼʿɱǳڻмʮʿֻʣһ˵Ŀ꣬ЩңԶ
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ֻʵʿ֡Ϊ˶ԸǣЩʵǿһЩʿҲһ
ϾǱͬʦֵ֮䶼ơʱΪ˭ɱһˣͻᱬìܡ
ˣ֮Ҳ໥¼ɣͱʮָܵԾʵʿ̭ҲС
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ܹȷ֮ţṹ֮š귨֮šռ䷨֮šɽ֮š編֮š귨֮š
ŷ֮ŵת䣬ϿʼɢϢγɸɫ⻪ϡ
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ۡ
һЩʵʿ׷ѪЩʵǿʿҲоһɾ޴ѹϣʵٽɡ


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281 Σ
һʮ˽ɢսǧ˿ȣһ˿ṹͲֵһᡣ
ǽṹʮ⣬˵ԷʸûУֻڿһһɢ
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ܵһеƣǸʮ˽ɢɵɫҲ
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ʱ뵽ϽһϽͳʶ֮С
Ͻһ֣ʶеԪȫܵĪѹһ㣬׷׵ˣطҲá
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岻֪ǣЩسʿ͵õԸܻɱμǱʿ˵ˡ
㷢ղһУҲûд۵ģȥɣǲܴȥģԼЦ
ϵı仯Ǹʮ˽ɢɲûжپȣΪղǿ󹥻ķɡ


282 ָ
һǵѪ
ǸҪȥȣǷģ
ΪԭѩԲ뿪ҲͲΣա
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ɸߵ壬ſԿһȶӰͱƱһӰһ㡣
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Ϊͬʱӵҽʦְҵʦְҵµĵ
ԼеĵΪԼʵƳ˿ڲ̫嵤ָʶƵǬԪ굤Ԫͷָ߱񵤡
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283 翭̨
һʱ䣬ڵʿ˲٣Խˡ
һʶ̽飬һĴ۲죬ʾ֮ЩʿصöôãӲ۾
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һЩʿԸʵʮˣҪȥϮɱ壬һɱɾ
һսʿ֪ʵٲȥ壬ȫߡ
ɱ¾ֻǹһʱ䣬񶦳ֻʣһʿǱѾȷˣһս
һµʱ䣬һ֮սʽʼ
ӳǽϷλʮ˽ɢɣڳ̨档
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һµʱ䣬㹻Ǻ俪֮ţͻƳھˡ
ֻԪͷ֮ܺţԪԽǿ俪֮žԽ򵥣һЩʿĹ̫Ԫ̫šҲΪ޷ƣڳڡ
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284 ʿ
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˶ʿ˵ʮҪۺʿ֮;˳ޱȣضڰ˥ܵʿĥѣضԡ
һЩΪʿὨɣؾΪľǺһЩųϹϵˣܹ׵ͻĿǰľ硣
ЩΪߵʿҪˣֻȥӶ˵ˣǱıУһصˡ
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ʱдһŭȣ仰ʮĸɫ֣Я޿ɵֵƣī


285 
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īüͷһ壬һһɫγɵľ޴ƾƾճ֣ڶལӰǰ档

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286 
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287 
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ˣˣСȥҲΪʵ򣬱ſڸվˣݰɣһ˵


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Ķ˵һ򾩳ǵķȥڿն𣬸ĺ档
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ʱ˿ʼ׹һƶȣ˵ĹЩ˾ۼһҪ׹ƶȽһµĹҡ
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ڼʶ˵ľٶ֮Щʵ۶־ηʱҪȻܲģҲΥ
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վңңԶʯȪɽţһԵԸ


290 ʼ
ǣˡӦһʯȪڵɽŷȥ
ʯȪڵɽŴмʮڵſڣңңһʿӭ
ǰֹ֪ǰʯȪʲô飿
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ʸǺˣʯȪںʲôʲôԹΪҪ
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Ųһ̧վ˺ˮϡűϢĺˮʯȪڵפ֮С
ĿͽȻʯȪҰ
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սѾߴ߼ֻҪʵںڣ籩棬ֻ·һ


291 ʿ
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˵ŻüĺȻһڹ⣬һԵĶٻٻս档
ղһŵĺڹ⣬ڶ񾭵ʿһֻǰԼĵǵ̲ס¶֮ɫ
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ĻֻҪ㹻Ԫ׾ͿԴ߶αɱûĻҪǵԪЩ󷨡
˷Ԫ󷢳ĹҲҪСܶࡣ


294 һȭ
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һµĲЩӴЩ׷ʧûдڹһ㣬ɽµɽͨͨ
Щʧ֮ԳԲǵӰϳһȦɿ󣬲תƷȫס
ԲǵٶȲֱӶһɽʿüģȻһת⽫һɽʿԴײ顣
ʱɽʿӦæˣҪԲ롣
Բǵٶ磬ӰӰ֮ɵؽʣµɽʿԴ顣
Բǿһߣû뵽һʿ˲òࡣ
սϵԲǣҡҡͷ
ܹ㷨ͨʿĽսȷǾ䡣
˽Բǵʵ֮û˷ʱ䣬ԸɽʿȫԳ֣˲ͽս
ܵĶɽʿȫնɱʹԲǻš
嵽ʱսѾˣ̻Щ۷ĽʿֻЩɽʿܹԸǡ
ЩɽʿΪ׷ɱѾȫܸɾˣŵĶɽʿҲû¡
ˣץ֪δã̻ʾ
黹ɱ˰ɣ˰֣˵
ȵȣˣɱãһԵԲæ˵
תͷԲǣüͷ΢ѵʲôĵط
ˣҪʹóͱҪֻѪſԴ߶Բǹ˵

ڵž޹
ž޹֮ǰһɫʸûϽĻֻҪһ֮¡
ˣһαɱֻҪ㽫ԼΪūͣ̾ܶһǴɱУһʮֺ
ˣˣ˵ˣ
ֱгԼ֮飬ԼΪūͣͬʱҲ֪֣˾ɡ
̻Բ֮ѯԼ׵Ϣŵ֪һؾ̽У˻ɱˡ
˵𣿡ȵ̻Щĵȥ֮һԵԲʵ
ˣõĴ˲𰸣̻ҲһԲ̾˿ĵ˵
ְЩɵɽҲȫ١
ˣԹĹǧȫ˸һɶûһѡ
µɼ࣬һЩռݵŷΧûдﵽƷļޣǧɵؿհףŲһʱ䣬ܱڶա
ѪֶΣҲõû˵ȥǵ鷳ǧ֮Ϊ֪
ɴʱЩμǱʿع飬ǱһݣڱеıҲ
ʢһЩٲȻҲΪһλһʮƷŻҪߡ
ԭڵϵĻˣʱҲԳŷ۷򣬽Ӵ硣
һʱ䣬һɽȳÿ춼˳뿪򣬽С
£ĹͰ䲼һµķ뿪ĻĹΪԶסȨҪڵסر׼
˿ûӰЩҪĻˣôǵʱ򻹲һҪССĵأͷɣ
˽Խ࣬ԽǾõ⣬汻Ϊŵĸϵ壬ڵȻûзģҳǧûġ
ΰ䲼ķĵľṹֻȺˣܹסڵϡ


297 ǱڵΣ
֮⣬һֱעŵĶɱĸŴʿ֪˻ʲôӦ
ʱһȥȴʲô鶼ûһ㣬ûбֳκ쳣ĵط
ԲǣЩŲ޶˵ҪʲôüͷһԵԲʵ
ԲЦ˵ˣ㲻ٵˣǾԲ鷳ˡ
˵˵ԭ򡣡
αжûΥ˵Ĺ涨ټǱһˣ˶ҲΪӣֻʧĸʿĿ
˵ͷԲǵķҲǺŶʱڲв
ˣȻûʲôвȴΣܾ콫ɽ洫ҳܴȥĻͻΪʸ֮ġ
ԲǵĻҲһԵ⣬϶ܹµ죬ʱû취ס
Բǣɽųϣûа취Ǹ洫ҳɫأʵ
ˣ֮ǰѾʹɽطϵֱڣûյκλӦӦѾʼִмƻˡ
ԲǣڵΣ֮ǰһȫ֮ߣ䡣ڷƮš
ǣˣ

µܹΪÿռضаڹ﷽Բ֮ɺʿÿʵǿɢɵΡ
µİڵ򶼱֮ΧѩûΪû취档
ĻȻʮϿᣬǸĵرȴǲرʢܹϴطɷʿǰ
ˣȻûͨˣ̶ֳȣȴ˿
ˣڰΰǳأΪǰʿṩӻϢ֮ȻҪУҪĵʯҲǲơ
ÿҹٵʱ򣬰¾ͻüȺ䣬и޳ûҰĻһСľͻɥ
󲿷ʿᵽĳǳʱЪϢΪ˹ʯ
еľ¥ֵĵطÿ춼ʿϢ̸һЩ顣
һͷ۷ıװⵣֻʱͽնɱ۷ҲˡһƤ޳۵ĺǰʿЩ˵
óһ龧ʯϣעԪʯͶһҵսӰ
⸱սӰ񣬾¥ڵЩʿ߿ʿһۡ
۷޵ԪȺʿҪۺǿǵطƣʵԲںǰʿ
ʿܹնɱ۷ޣ൱ܹնɱǰʿҲһСˡ
նɱһͷ۷ްˣα԰ڡʮǰͷ۷ľѩЫᴴĴۣͷѩЫȫնɱҫ
һװĴ󺺣ЦһǲмͬʱҲóһ龧ʯϣҲͶһսӰ
֮ǰǸʿɫһѿͬʱﰵûҫ£ղڷƨô
ȴҶ˵һ䣬սӰ󺺵ʵҪԶǿǸ¶⣬ֻһǾͻᱻ󺺸ɵ
Χڶʿ󺺵Ŀ֮ɫ
֮ͬҲǿ֣֮ѩЫʵҪȱװǿ࣬ο󺺻һںǰڵʿУٮٮߵĴڡ
ڴʱԱһϣһλںȾƵ꣬óһöʯϣԼԾԹԵĺžơ
ǿ龧ʯͶһսӰʾźȾһ׳󺺵ս󺺵ĶͷЩơ
ޣ
ϳǸ׳󺺵ݣ̲ס
ͶսӰԼӿˣûж೤ʱ䣬սѾսԶ׼ȾƵ꣬նɱͷ
ⳡսӰþ¥ڵʿ֮ǰչʾսӰҲˡ
ȻսӰ񲢲ܽսؼ¼ǶЩʿ˵Ҳһκܺõᡣ
лˣ
ζ֮ڶʿǸȾƵһ
꽫ϵľʯ˻֣ľƣûж˵һ仰
ʵǰһĵĹأÿʿὫԼսӰþʯ¼£Ȼھ¥չʾҲӦֱͣ㹻սӰ
Ⱦղ֮óʯǲϣţʿȻҲףۿսӰ֮ȫһԣĬĬԷ
λһսӰ񣬲֪λûȤۿ
ʱ򣬺Ȼһ۵ʿЦųʵ
ʿĻȾüͷ΢壬תͷ˹
ʿҲ¶֮ɫ֮ǰȾѾչʾһ㹻սӰôҪչʾսӰҲ̫˰ɣ
ղǸչʾսӰĴ󺺣´˰ʿۣ¶ЦݣսӰǾͲÿˣһʿսӰʵûʲôá
Լģм¼׹ǵսӰ񡣡
Դ󺺵ӣʿûЦ˵
ʿĻ¥ʿɫȫˣǸȾҲĸȤתͷ˹
µܹʮʮƷţЩ͹ңҲǼʮʮƷ
Ϊ׹ǵĺʿµҲģܹۿսӰ񣬾ǿ顣
λѣղ˵ģ
˭ֲεĸսӰǺúأó˹͡
Ȼ棡
Ǹʿһ˵ţһóһ龧ʯϣһâսӰͳ˰С
ɫЩ԰׵Ĺ˫ֺ󱳣ڿпٷţĽ£һ޼ʵıԭ
ڴʱһȺɣʮɣĿëޣӵϴſеĹ
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âʧЩѾһĿª˫˫ųצľˡ
ڹѩᣬһȺ
ʿȫͬУѩٮٮߴڣղǸȾһͷڹѩᣬҲ׶༪١
һȺѩܹжʮֻֻҪѼĹܽɱϾֻһʿ
ǰٶ˿зɳһǼһӰЩѩüĴϸ顣

һĻʿȫôҲû뵽ʵȻǿ˵ز
ʱӰеĹعͷսӰһڣɢˡ
ûˣأڶʿæʵ
ֻ¼ЩͱˣܻѾˣʿ¶Ц֮ɫ
ÿοսӰҶ룬壬㵽жǿһԵĺȾޱضһƣͷȥ


298 
̫ϧˣսӰҲʵ̫ˣֻ˼С
ЩǼǰ׹Ƿĸɣǰ׹ǵڹʵǿɱͬޣԷˮһס
Ҹղź񿴵ЩǼϵһЩģܹЩ۳˵ҲоһǾС
ȻЩɢ޿ۺܹһЩһɳ졣
Ǵ󲿷ɢޣǿŹۿ˵սлøȻؽоܽᣬԼʵ
ڹ⣬ҪԼˣһЩɢĳ磬һӶ޷ͻơ
ʵҲʲôǱУڵߣǰ滹ˣÿ˶ɲ⣡ֻϧԵһ
ʿҡҡͷ̾һ
ǱǰȻǿȴҲףǰ׵壬ʵѾ˾ĵزˡ
ʿᵽǱһʿ̿ʼüɫ˵ԼĴš
˵˵˵˵ʵжǿ󡣡Ա˴ߵ
Ǹʿϸǵ⣬ӣмְٽ˵ļơ
ǲ֪µǱĲƽսһȻݴ½Ķʿռˡ
Χʿ׷¶֮ɫ
ݴ½˱µǿ˲֪ٱǾȻҪǵˡ̰޳ܰ
Щʿǿɶ񣬾Ϊǣµ೬ǿߣҲû
ʿΪīǶɽʿʵ൱ǿǺɨսϵµʿĻ翭ڶлҲǡ
˵Ǹʿ˶١һȦΧڶʿ
㵹ǿ˵
ΧʿѾ¶֮ɫҲǼþա
ǣֻ̨֮һһͽǿ޵еīɱˡ
һ
¥棬һӰڶʿȫʵûһʿһնɱɽʿĳ档
ʵҲ̫ǿ˰ɣһնɱŶɽʿʵȷ˾
µҪٳһǿˡ
ڶʿ۷׷׵ʱһԵİʿڵ壬ҵţ˵һصС硣ǸС˵ڣɾѪ
ϢȻҲţʲôʱɾѪôˣ
Ϣ̫ˡɾô˶ֱϵѪСУ϶ͽӵݴ½ȥˡ
ڰʿ˵ڶʿš
֪С磬֮ǰǴɽµͳ£ɽµ֣ŸλŰɣ
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֮ÿʮ꣬ɽ¾ͻһͨӣϡ
ΪͨӵԵʣȻɽֻһʮƷţȴҲ˶š
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ʿ˵ڶʿϣȫ¶֮ɫ
ȻɾѪܹõͨӣ棬һɣһЩӣû˻ô
һλɾĺͨӣǶɾϵսԻӭɾֲı³ѾԤ
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Ҳֻһҥ԰ɣǸСڶɾѪɽֻͱɾɵˡ
ʿ̾һʧҡҡͷ
ǰǰ
ڶʿ¶ǿЦݣ͵
ֻÿ˵˼ȫʼڰʿղ˵ϢǰԷš
ʿ˵ģɽµͨӴӺζʿ˵ģɽΪʲôûбɾݻ٣
ܿ죬ʿԺͬʱ뵽һֿܣɾ䣡
Ļܹ͵ͨ
ΪʲôɾֱϵһСУΪɾ֪Լ䣬Ϊ˱ǣԲŽǷһС硣
ΪʲôɽûܵͷΪɾѾˣûȥͷˡ
ÿɾĻɾļͻΪڶʵеķ⣬ܿͻᱻϷָɾɾǰѻʦֵܳ
ڶʿһ˷ܣǾԼࡣ
Щʿϵı仯ʿ¶һ˿صЦݣҪɢһԣͲܰȫ˵ЩԼƶϳһЩϢ
ֻǲŻԼõϢŲɡ
˶ûעʱ򣬰ʿת¥ȥ
ʿ˼лعȥİʿĿӣ΢΢˵ͷæ¥ȥ
ȥڴߵĺȾ¶һĨмЦݡ
ʿһ·֮󣬾һСڱʿˡ
λѣҪöӰʯۿһЩʱգ֪ѿɷ
ʿʿ¶һЦݣֱӻɢֻһ龧ʯڵϡ
ֻһͶӰʯҲֻһ飬ôоЩ
鲢ӣȥͺˣ
ղھ¥ƵǸ꣬˹赭д˵
ãӣ
һ˲䣬˾֪ǿ϶ײʲôıܵĻֻ̾Ҫɱڡ
һ죬һֻ޴ĽɫƳֱ֣ӽʿУһգʿֱӱѪ
壬µʵ죬ǱһҲҪ˺÷飡
̧ͷŶ濴ȥ

帮С
ҾϢŬָƣ洫Բǵ
ˣµϣвٵطŵ˶ɾѪĴԣѾвĵ޹ʧ١
ùҷȫأûзصЩֻ˵ˡ
ʵӻһѾʮѵˣûȥЩ뿪ˡ
ˣһ£һǰȥһۣ
ԲǴ˻۾͵⡣
ʱ˾ȻǰȥһۣʱδҲ̫һЩ۾΢УȻ˵
ˣӦ˼˵ʧٵЩʿмУӦþҪ̽ʵԲѵ
֪ˣȥˣһСһЩģҵҪλպˣ«ﵽʲôҩ
ǰȥţûдٻٻǰȥ˵û֣ܶǲðöٻٻȥ
磬ͳſ뿪˵򣬴գŸȥ
ԲһЩ飬̻ȫһȥˣǾˣҲԼ֮ġ
žľ벢ͨǿռ䣬廨һʱŸϵš


299 ޺
ǿռֱ֮ӽԪע֮УĻ̾Ӧ֪Ѿ
ŵɽʮִɣһɭµĸо
ɽǰͣ£̻˸մɽ֮о߳һȺʿӭǡ
ԶʧԶӭ֣
һƮƮʿڶʿЦӭһ»ɫۣɫԵûǳ
ˣȴǵ׳ƺš
ƮƮʿŵ˼Ȼûгй˼ӭӣŵҲ㵡塣
׻ݴ½ʿʵΪµȻ׳ƺţ
ǱÿǧٰһΣѾٰ˳ǧ죬İȻҲĿڶ࣬ЩмΪЩˣͱΪס
ҡͷЦЦڱʲôƺš
ڹ˼ͬ£һ˴ɴִɵɽţŴȥ
ȻڣռҲǲСǧ﷽ԲҲС͵ĴԹ˵ʹá
˼ǰߣһЩʿǵĺ棬ֻǿĿУȴŷߺޡ
ǿ֪ǰǸһȻꡣɱĸʿ
ŵʿҺ̫ӭ
һĿ⣬ȻܹоõתͷһԵĹ˼˵
ˣǲǶе⣬ǧڵʱ㱾ˣ⼼𼸷ս⡣˼ɫ䣬ЦŽ͡
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˴չǰģһۻɽ壬һռؼʮ﷽ԲĴϲΡ
ףɣʦڴڵ㣡
һͿ˸߸ڴϵˣڴࡣϰٸɢɣǵںһһɽһ㣬ѹ˹
ꡪꡪ
һϵ̻ϴ֮£ǵĹѾѷ졣
޵귨Ȼ޷ơƾƵ˽Ӧãжȥȴ׾ٵ顣
ߣ
ŭһϵȻȻ޷ȣȴʤھޱȣܿơ
Ŀ£Ĺ˼ѹȥ
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˵Ĺ˼ˣڵڶɢȫ¶ŭɫ
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ˣ״˴ǰͣôܶԿ񣿡
һ֣һɢҪ˵Ļ
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ף˵ѾûĽʿͨӣµʿԻĽ绢Ȼ˵ʵֻµʿŰ
Ƥ΢΢£еľƱΣ˵
֪˴Ӻδ˵Ȼ˸һĽֲ֪Ҳȥݷһ°
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ֻǴ԰ˣȥ˭֪ﴫġЦһܶ
кһվ˹֣ӦǰڼȻѾ˵ˣҲȸˣ
ףи֮룬ǲ֪ǲԸӦ
ոߵſڣʹ˵
лֱ˵Ľ绹£ҪҸϻȥ
ڴȥѹֲסԼɱˡ˵ıһлʿ
ȻĻֻƾһЩûʵݵԣǾԲǰ̸ġ
׵ʹھµĽ˾㲻㣬Ҳ϶ҪǿˡÿԸһǧĽΪӣΣ
л˵ĺˣ̵һĽ磬һܹ쵽ġ
˵ֱ֮һ˦䣬̻뿪


300 ·
ȥıӰ˵۾΢΢Уûٳ
ʦѵǾ뿪ͯǼɶϰ
һɢ̲סڶŸڴϵ˵
ţϵ˶ڵмûз˭ҶŰɣֻҪ¶һڷ磬Ľ̾ͻᱻ˺÷顣
˵һĨ⣬һо͵ŵľˡ

ɫ䣬ͬһ㺮˪ղ˵Ļ̲סеŭ⣬תɱ֮С
ȻѾ֪˿ͨӣôҪջ˽ŵĿҲԶ׼ֻǺ׶ѡ
ֻҪÿṩһǧˣͨӣͲԵ֡
˵ĻﵱʱһӿɱӲѹȥڻ˵Ķ֡
ղŶֵĻܸܿһֵɣʱΣˡ
ſۣ̻˺ܿͻص˵
ԲǣѾôʱ䣬㵽ûӦԵΣķ
ջصԼס̾ͰԲһſھʵ
ˣӵеĶ̫̫Сһرĺͯһûİ취
Բǵ¶˼ֲмֹ֮ɫ
ǲ뵽ʲôԲǵģʵ
ˣ̫Σˣ·֮ʱԲʹá
˵üͷһ壬ȵ
ˣܹ뵽Ψһ취Ǵ·
·
һü˼
µһȣȿһ޴ʯĸ֡
ɽ֮Уһ·Ѷϣֱͨƶˣ·һ̨ɣÿ̨׸ߣ˳̨ȥͿԿһ޴ʯ̨ƯڿС
·֮Եʯء·ܹаʮ̨ÿһʯ̨ͿԼӡǣȻļͻܵӻ
ʲôˡֻҪĹ磬ͻή³ͷֱӽɱ
·ΪԪԪûϵֻ־ǿйϵ
·ϡʿܵǿ־ѹȣÿһ̨ףܵ־ѹȶǿһЩֱʿҲܲסǿ־ֱѹ
̨ͬλãԽʿܵ־ѹԽһ˲֪ɾǰ·ļʿܻһͨʿ
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Բ˫ĿĲʵǰŽɢɣɫһƬǺ죬͸ը졣
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Щγɵ֮УռѾọ̈̄еʿԭأЩɢɣҲֻ΢·
ҶʮƷʯҵҪֶ˻ҿ
廰һ䣬ʮöƷʯȫըۣͬʱըһ׶Ƕ֮С

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ЩɫЩ̶סʿУȫ¶˾֮ɫû뵽ȻǿռеĲɫ˳
ЩǿռеĲɫ۶ײ飬˵ЩʿˣЩɫǱɡ
Ŀ£ЩɫĴӿɫɨʿ׷ױûһܹҴ档
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ڲɫǰЩΪɢɵʿԺˮͨˣ˲ͻᱻɫķһ˿֮
ۿµڶҪһθ룬һŭ
úݶСӣȻԵ󷨣Ŀ
仰˶ʮɫ֣ײķϣʼҵ
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305 
ڵɴܵĵԤϣܹͨӵĻˣ㲻ɾѪֵҲһɾ
ڵµЩɴڱصã֮ǰֻǾݣԳ֣ʱҪǰʿȻԹۡ
ȫϣϵͳϣϵͳܹа취ӦȻãϵͳҲûӦԴʩֻܴżˣˡ
˶񶾵Ĵ
һֻ޴ƿƺ籡ƹס·һ£Ŵײ˹ȥϣ䣡
һֱӱĲɫӿɢһ׶ҲʼСܿͻָĿռ䡣
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ڸʲôΪʲôץʱȥ
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Ҳҡˣɫ˵
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306 
ŵʮ˽ɢɣԺһصһĬѶһֱߵĸоȻ
뵽Լ꣬վɹһδɢ٣Ҵ˶ųΪһصɡ
ڣ߶һһصɣǱ߾ͻһʮ˽ɢɱΪһصɣ·Ǵʹɱһָоʵ̫
ߣܹ߸ʮ˽ɢɣʱѾ˿ʼһصɱ䣬ֻʣһΪ˵ʮ˽ɢɣûһ㶯
ȫʼɱ䣬˶ʱˣԺɴܺŵĵأٳһ⻹أ
Ժɴתͷĵؿˡ
ǵҪɰæǵֲǴײˣôࣿµ֮⣬ԺҲֻλɴܡ
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ЩˣûɵҪΪɴܵĻֻܵȵ֮ˡ
˭֪ᷢʲô飬Ϊ飬ȻԽԽá
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ٿԱͻƵʮ˽ɢɣҺ˵һģ뷨
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˵ͷһֱʧԭأصסլ֮С
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ÿ˲жʮڹˣûûҹ˲˶ʮ죬Ÿϵ⡣
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Ҳģҵļ绹ңҲ
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أ
ʿ峹ױһƬѪһ紵ɢ١
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307 ·
һҪ𣬵ȴһƱһɽ޷
ˣǴ·֮УͿֱӷɵƽ̨ϣǾû˿塣
ܿ췴ӦҲپᣬٲ̤Ϻ棬·һ̨ȥ
ռĹ㣬һȥ޾ֻԼԶȺɽӰӡ
ʿϥں֮ϣĿϢ
һ·ֻǰ˿ˣû׼Щʿ򲻸̤·
ЩʿΪиеͣΪǿǼˣϵϢµҪۺ񣬶Ϊ͵ʿԪӤΪ
建ǰеʱһȺٷʿҴҴ߹ֱһȥ
ǴʿϴЩ֮·ʲôƲͷ
̫ӵ£̽Ըƽ¹ڣ̽Ѿѹˣ
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תʮ֣ص˵
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׿ةࡣ㲻ȰˡѾʮ֮δǾ̴ʵλʵܡ
˵˶٣¶ʹֺ࣬壺ǵնȫѣʵ۲ŴԣֻҪڣƽ¹ٽһ졣
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ת·ȥ˻ӣȴͷûء
ΣͶ·ľأ˭ѡ·һ·˶˲ʵꣿ
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Ǵ·ǵõһأǴ·֮ˣȴû˿ôΪΪ·ԭ򡣱Ĵ׷ɱ
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һ̧ȣվ˵һ̨ϣһ־ѹȽ٣ֱԺУ־ѹȶ
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·־ѹȲǹ̶ģǸʿȷģԽ־ѹԽǿ
Ҳ˵һʿҪ·һ̨־ǿȾͱͬͨʿʮһ


308 
־ǿܸӰ죬ÿͻƴ󾳽磬궼ܵϴҲǿ־ǿȣˣԱó죬־ǿҲӡ
·ʵҪʵͬʿʮźܶʿɴﵽĿꡣ
־ȴͬǶͻƼδ󾳽磬õϴȻĻ־ǿҪȡʿԡ
߼ʿ־һȵͼʿ־ǿȫȡڸ˵ľ
ԴӵõϷϵͳ֮췭ظı仯֮ǰʮ֪ȫƷټϺ澭һϵ飬Աʮּ͡
ѪСǸУȡȪ֧ʱȫݻ٣Ŷڼ˵ִ־˱ٱ֮ࡣ
ƾҵ־Ҫ·һ̨ûʲô⡣Ϊ˷ֹǱⷢҪ·һ̨Ϊá
죬ϵٴһʮ̨ףҪͣ£Ȼǰ漸̨棬һˣıϳɡ
ϳɴʱϥ̨ϣ˫Ŀգϥüͷ΢壬ֶ˼̨ףԱվ
ϳɣþò
ϳڵԼ״̬ȻһϤڶæ۾Ϳվǰ塣
壬ôҲ
ϳһȵؿ塣ôҲû뵽￴塣
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³ˣһ죬Ҳ䵽³ڱϳɶ£ɫƽ˵
ϳҡҡͷ塣Ӧ̵ģʣԿԳΪɢɣʱȻôԣʵ̫嶯ˡ
Ϊ·ΪڣЦʵ
ѵԭ򲻳ɣϳɵ¶֮ɫ
ʵڵȺʿҲûз֮ԱƵﴳ·ΪҵļµΧһĨ⡣
µ㲻ҡԺҲ˰ɣŵĵɴܿȫڵϣļôܹס
µҺ˵ĵ̣µЩɴܣŵĵȫԸڴ˶׷ǰȥݴ½
ʱ䣬λɰҵֿµڶֻ꣬Ҫڵ·һ̨ҼͿתΣΪ
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죬ǵ죡
˵֮󣬾ߵһԾϢֻ±ϳһſڽ࣬һ㵡
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ƽʱ򣬵ҲʲôӰ죬ԽԽǿ־ѹ¡괴˵ӰͿʼ
ҪָƵĻ֪ҪѶʱղȬֻʱ䣬Ҹ˷Ѳ𣡡
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ٶԽԽ˾Űٶ༶̨׵ʱÿֻǿ弶̨סҪѺܳʱ䣬ָ״̬
ˣڲϱǿ־£屾ѾҪȬ괴ˣٴα
Űʮ弶̨סŰʮ̨ףŰʮһ̨ס
ո̤ϾŰʮһ̨ף괴˳˺ѿһִĵʹ࣬ϯȫ
ףӲŴ·ĻҲûߵһ̨ͻȫ飬һĽ֡
ܼǰˣ취ָ괴ˣ
ܿϣԭϥ£Ȼ̳зܹ괴˵ĵҩ
ǣ̳Ȼоת𵤡ţƵҩǾûһָֻ괴˵ĵҩ
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ˣһ
ڴָһĨоͶһؾӨ͸ĻɫˮѪСлõĻȪ֧
˵УȪǵ֮¼еԭ궼ԴڴˣȪ֮ˮܹϴ꣬侧Ө͸Ͼ
ϣȪָ֧ܹҵ괴ˣ
еһػɫ壬ֱԼüϸͽķķӡ


309 ·ɹ
Ȫ֧ķӡһ⿪̾ͻһɫ͸ʶ֮š
͸֮УɢһϢһӴϢϵƣ̾Ϳʼָͬʱһּˬĸоĵ
ûȪ֮ˮȻܹ޸ƣ֪һ㣬ҵֻͻָˡ
Ȫ֧ЩϢӿ֮С
Ȫ֧Чѵ˵ģȪܹԭꣿ
Ȫ֧һһسˢ꣬ƿٻָеųʹþӨ͸ྻ覡
ȪأܸܲݻȪһŶ꣬׳־Ĺ
ܵȪ֧ЩϢͻȻðһЩ뷨
Ժһ뷨Ҳ಻סʱȫעĸŻȪ֧ÿһ˿仯
רעĹ۲£Ȫ֧ÿһ˿仯ӳû˿©
أ巢ֻȪ֧ı仯֮У̲һĹɡֹɵı仯УЩܹ޸ƵϢʹ
ϥһûȪ֧޸ƣһרĹ۲ʱ򣬺ϵڶʿʱҲʼ
ô£֮ǰ·ٶӦô
Ӧǳʲô˰ɣȻĻҪ·һ̨Ӧûġ
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ʲôôܣ˵Ļôɵشǰٲ㣿
־ǿտʼ־ѹ̫ûʲôӰ졣־ѹǿˣƾͳ㡣
λɴܵķڶʿٴ̧ͷ忴ȥڵģȷЩܴģ
ܴҲ˾Űʮ̨ףûƵĻֻɾܵ·һ̨ɣ
ڸʲô޸ưɣ
⻹𣿲֮ǰ˴·֪ڵƱȽΣ֪·һ̨Ҫǲǻڣ
ʿĻȫ̾һ
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һеȫһɱĴħͷ˿ûνҵ
ҪȥͱҪ㹻ǿʵȻֻܳΪ⡣
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֮ڲ̤·һ̨Ļôĸ𣬻ϾѾΪˡ
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Һ˴ʱңңŵվԺɴܡ
ѾµʱˣоŸµʱ䣬һ鵽ʱ򣬾ȫ䶨ˡ
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Һ¶ЩЦݣϲ½µϣһƿһеĸо
ҲãҲգһеʱȫ֪ˡ
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ǺǺǺǡ
ҺЦЦȴûٶ˵ʲô

ϡ
ϥھ֮ڣʱںлϵš
ʱ䣬лǾȫѾ˻ֻΪڶʿΧǲûлصϡ
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飬ȫȻ֪ʱĸڻȪ֧һ˽⡣
Ҫǹ鹦־ʣ̫ĻȪ־־ѾͻȪ־졣
ƾ־ʣɵȪ֧ӶջȪ֧εı仯

ŭһؿڴͷ˱仯һУȪֱ֧˽ȥ
Ѹת䣬һȪۣðŵɫĻȪ֮ˮЩȪ֮ˮһ֣ͱѸգʹϢǿһЩ
СȪҵʱʱ̶̿ǿԺ󶼲Ϊ־ǿȵ鷢ˡ
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СȪʱʱ̶̿ڲȪ֮ˮݽߣһŹͽȪߡɣ
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֪ʣʱ֮ɫһ䣬ղŴȪߡϲöʱʧ
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괴ȫָ֮ʮ̨׶˵Ͳκ谭
ǸʿվˣƺѾˡ
ÿ죬ȫտʼʱһȻ֪־ΣǺͬʿȣ֪˶ٱ
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·ֻʧܣЩʧܵʿΪǲǿ·һ·ھҪ·
ɹĴ̼£ϵһЩʿ׷·ȥ


310 ˻ع
ڶʿɫ㣬һ·ȥ
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ҵʱ򣬾Ѿ֮ˣȻ·ֺܹξһ
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ںЩʿ仯ûʱȥᣬյ·һ̨֮ƽ̨һӡǡ
ӡ˸˼֮ƽ̨ϾһʯͷƯʯͷѳ룬һ뻯һöʯӡУһǻһʯƽ̨һࡣ
Ϊӡӡڵκ˶ܶ䶯䣬췣
һõöʯӡԺоһº͵Ů
ӦþǸ·Ĵڰɣû뵽ȻһŮޡ
ڴ֮Уؼû·ģһλǿߣʹôʹͨ·ڶСһϣ
ڲʱҪץȥӡŵϲ¡
幪·Ϸһݣлǰӡյǰӻ֮պ
˵֮һֱʧƽ̨ϡ
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СһﵹĶòҲҼ˽·Ŀġ
˵֮ۿٴα۾Ƴ˯ȥ
һ·Ϸ˲ƣٶŵȥܼʱӡ͵ϡµڶΧ£֧Ų˶೤ʱ䡣

ˣ֮ѵ֪û뿪׼أ
µڶٴΧµŶĻˡʵ
һԺеϢʾŻʣʮʱ䡣
Һˣ㲻ļʮ͵Լʱ䡣ʱȻ뿪ҪڶֵĻ㣡
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˵ĻµЦһٵʮֺη

᳤Ѿ·ڸϻȥһʱ䣬ֻҪҸϻȥͰȫˣ
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Ͽϵ֮󣬷̾Ϳʼϵл
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ĵɫһ䣬Ϊ崳·ʧܵĻܻܿЩʿɱʽ
壬лѾϴرˡΪ㴳·Ѿʧܣпܻᡭ
˵ˣˣڸϻȥ
Ҷ˺ͷĵͨţĿһ̿ʼ֮ǰûĶʹ÷
Ȼôҵʵȥ֮һҪúýѵǼһ٣ǼһҪһ

ʮһɽУлϥһɽʯϣȻȴſֲ
һͷ̷͸ǳɫɫƤԾƻõľ顣
ȻûʵһЩỹܹġ
лϷɫ˲仯һ磬Ƴգŵȥ

һũӣһݱޣɽ֮䣬׼ؼջ
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һɽУһĿлߡ
ҲЩֲ׷׿ήɢ䣬㣬׷׵һЩޣҲûѡ
ֲ࣬ѿһЩɿ̻ޣһЩޡ
ȻǲǵǾͱӶǵˡ
ǧͤ䣬û˿¶ȡ

Եˮϣһλ̤Уһɫɴȹȹˮϡȴ˿ʪۡ
оʮľнڿԷӳˡ
ĵϣһˮϵţӰԵɣȵˮɢȥһлָʱѾʧȥӰ

Ͽյһ̫֮УͻȻһȱڣһ߸ߵĻ棬֮УһεӰվС
浱ǵӡ˭ҪѣҵҪǵצӹӲգ
һֱӱڣתͷķŭһ˵

ݡ
һƿһɫĴ󽣴ӿл
ɽ֮ϡûʿվĿУҲûмκνʿͺǱɽһĸһ㡣
ס󽣵ƺǿϢҲƷˣ
һɽʿ󽣣۾һڵԪӿһֻƣɽץȥ
ɽһת䣬Ͷ˾ƣһʹǸɽʿüϸ
ÿ죡
Ƕɽʿ֮ǰԺһͷ
ôҲû뵽һû˲ٿصķɽ֮

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һεĲӿлǹɲǰ;еЩ޺ʿ׷Դѣ
Ȼµ͵ΪУҾɱÿһʿ
ЩεĲۼһ𣬶ʱиƾɣĿ໥Ӱ죬һʵΡ
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ٴɢŰȥ

䡪
һ죬һſżʮ˺ϱֵĲ£һֻǧɸߵľ޴ëԳڴֱײ
ֻëԳ˫Ŀͨ죬˱Űŭ֮ɫûһ֮ɫ
ëԳһ죬еĽϵᣬһǧɳĽɫ
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ŭһëԳ͵ԾеĽɫֱǰĸɽϡ
䣡
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䡪
һľ޴һɽʯĽëԳеıŰɫҲˡ
ڿ״̬±ˣʣµģƴͺˡ
ëԳŽɫŵķȥõͳصӽëԳﴫ

ڸ߿֮Уһ޴ĳٷţǰǾƥۣͷϳмǵ
һЩѪȸߵʵӵоƥɼڵݲ
ڳ࣬ɽʿϥʶڳܣֻҪΧжǾӦ
ʮˣҵҪʮµҵףܹЩɶ鷳
׾ӳ֮д͸һɵĲм

ˣ͵ˣ룬Ǹʰʰ׼뿪ˣµһЦؿԶĻˡ


311 תƼƻ
ҺˣĲҪҽ𣿡ϥеĻ۾ʵ
ϲƿһУ򲻵ѣҲȥðաҺҡҡͷЦ
վ̧ŵȥ֮ȻͣסŲתͷµҾϣԺȱľ⣬ҪƿһУЩѡ
ȻĸԴͺˣˣΪ˵Ķ𣿡Һ˲ЦЦ
ϣԺЦó
Һһۣͼŵȥ
ü˼βܹʱ䣬ȵ͸оǰӰһ˾ͳǰ
ǰæ
Ҫ뿪ˣӭս׼ôͳ
˻Ȼɫ䣬ǰѾ·ڸϻֻҪܹתΣΪǰٶ졣
ʲô崳·ˣ˵һ¶ŵɫ
˻ʮ꣬û˵µ˴·ɹû뵽ڶ̶ʱʹ·
ľʣټܹ·־ĳɾͲ
ʮԼǱ޾ʱۣﵽʮ㣬ҪΪɻûпܡ
ûǸشڵİֻɾ綼޷ͻơ
뵽µʵ˵ԥһصɾǲĴڡ
Щ֮Ըǰ㼤ŭµΪشܣֻҪµ֣ͻᱻɶ㾳硣
ǣʱһشƱزµûжٵֻֿ֮һ;
ͨ
ֱӹ£ǰܹʩԮ֣ûǰ֮
˵Щԥ֮ɫ˫ֽӡΧ۳һӰ
ˣ֪ΪζҲ֪Ѿޣܹʱ䣬Ƿһ顣
ӰͨϴͶӰ˴ʱڷ˲ơŵϻ
ãҴӦˣ
һҧ˵
ôѡҾͲȷˡ
ֻҪһ͹ˣ

ʲôѡҪһɴüͷһ壬ؿһ֮ɫĻˡ
Ѿ·ڸϻӦǡֻҪܹס죬Ƿһ顣
˰ʵˣûһ˿©
Ѿ·ɵȫ¶˾ɫǺ·ľζʲô
ԺĳɾͱضǷкܴĿܿԳΪɾһжôǵﶼ
˵Ŀڼɴܵһɨ˵
ûûԣȴһ飬µϣֻǱɣʱ򣬾ǽǷһô
Ѿһصɣ޾˭֪ԺʲôֻпܳΪɾΪֵ̫á
һжֻõֵĲǺôһгŵǽҲ˭ܱ֤һΪɾ
˾һԣڼɴܵĻ޷Ӧÿ˶ѡɣÿҲҪΪԼѡ
ѣǲܺһˣʹ˱ˣϣպ֮ա
ɣһЦ˹֡
ǧ֮⣬ȫƿռ䣬ǿռУ뿪˴˵ء
ǧѣôûһ뿪
תͷһԵǧˣЦʵ
һԵǰôƽǧ˵Ҳ¶һ˿Ц⡣
㲻˵ĺе𣿡
𣿼ȻѾǼ˵еΪûһ뿪
ΪҲһڵɾ磡
Ҳǡ

ĽѾ뿪ˣֻʣ»˺ǧû뿪ǲھ͹ȥµԱʵ
ȻѾ뿪˵֧ǶԿҵѾʧȻˣǻʲôԥˡְɣ
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Һˣ㻹ļ˼֮ǰǴʱˣ֮󡣡
һЦؿµû˿ɫ
ˣΪһĻΪɵӲɣµɫ˲ĿؿŻˡ
Һˣҽ֣Ȼ֮áЦе˵
µŻˣɫòڻɵʱϵȻ˲ͿԽ֮ľ룬˻˵ǰ
ָŤһӡһɹµϢּתǿĶһʵʵ¡
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µֱӡڻ˵ظϣͷ˲䱬ֱӽɡ
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ȻʱгɱףסµһԾˡ
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µٴӡŲһ̤ӰʧԭأŻ׷ȥ
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˵ĺɫҲһ䣬һڵӿֱӴ߶Լɱֽɡȥ
Һ˴ʱҲ˵ı仯ɫ˲һɳɱϱ

Һҽһ壬һƬƵ̲ŵȥͬʱһ־޴´ˮϻ
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΢΢𶯣ֽɡ֮зȥڷеĹУֽɡ͵ڲС
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ɫɢ۳öӡϽؿڣһƵ


314 ǰԺ
Ҫ߶Ͻɱ٣ϺȻɫ
ղŷĴϢǱߵʮΣӵͼҲܿҺڿǿ
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Цһü֮У߳һ͸ϽɫСˣСӭǣܿͻǧɸߵ͡
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317 
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319 
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320 
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񲻹̶ʮʱ䣬ھѾΪ˴۷ʿĹ쳣
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µŭһһԣΧֱӰһ¹ڿУͶһ۳һֻ޴ƣץȥ
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µ֪·֮ѣ·Ըµ֮λطһ
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Ժڣµеĸ߲;Ӣȫټ
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322 ʯ
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ΪƽЩɸ߲;ԵıչأԺЩӿⲻɸ߲һαչذˡ
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ߵýˣܴʯһ
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ٴһȭʯϣ׽飬ķĩ


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ʯһ飬µϵʿȫߴһ
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һһСҲŭƵ
СȻңҪ⣬Ѫ
ɽʣ̱ŭβһ˦ΧĿռ̲ͬʱڵҲʼ
ٶ͵һ࣬˲ɵ
Ҿô㲻ôҧҰҧҡ
꣡
һҪϣϷɳ·ѹƬһ¡
̸ܵģӽҧˣ
ſһ£Һ˵Ĵָͱ˳
ΪɱСǿʹ˿ռ䷨ʵ̫ˣץԵö
һĥŴָӡǣһ뺣УԶȥ
µϡ
ʯ֮˲ٶḴԭУлƹһµӡͳǰ
ֻҪԸ⣬еʯ̾ͿԳΪµµ۵ˣнµݻͨ


324 лĳ
΢˼һ£Ҫʯͷӡյָ֮Уڵֶϣȴֱӱſ
ţüͷһ£ҡҡͷµû취ˡ
Ȼ޷ȡҲֱһ˲ƣʧԭء
ȻΪµ֮һҲᱻǣסѵµˡ
ȥʻ᳤ûԸĻµ֮λʱһһҲܵõ
ʮյʱ䣬˲ƻص˵
ʱ򣬷ֻ˺ǧ˶ڵû뿪
壬ڻˣӺˣ˶ȫˡ
尲ȫĵ̲ס¶ϲı顣
µ˲µκһܴѣʵҹĿ࿴һظ̾
ΪӡµӰ죬Һ˵飬ǲ֪
üĺڹһͽел˷˳
᳤ԺҲѾҸҺҲҸ˵֮λԺҲΪǣʯʱ⣬ҿԴǰȥ
Ҫ˵ǧˣ˻̾΢ţԭء
壬Щûղ˵ʲô˼˿ĭСسʵ
вѾԺҺ˶ҽˡˣһҪȥĸڻ᳤ǲǾҪµԿǼٸҴ𸴡
˵֮ҲȻǷӦֱһ̤ʧԭء
ͻȻ󣬵ϵĽ϶ݻ٣ؽʱ򣬻϶˹ŴĽṹһլԺ
ΪǿߺͱߣסȻҲǺ֮ռؾĶأ̨ͤ¥Сˮ滨
ڻ԰Сٻٻʱͤʯϣβסɫ
磬һҪƽһµģٻٻаš
뵽ƴȴһæﲻϣͲһȻ
裬ٻٻһˣ
ٻٻһæڿķȥ
С壬γȥûˣ
ĸæ塣һ´
û£ǸԺѾҽˣΣҲˣ
ٻٻӿ£ǸϤ۾֪ʱЩģ
Ŀᣬ߹ĶٻٻҲһۣҲ˸ĸһԣһѾͰ˻
Щ㵣ˣ
û¾ͺã
̧ͷĿԣһоڲС
ļڼŸĸӣһͥܰ
壬˼ʱĿǣҾҲʺµһؿ壬վŻ˺ǧˡ
ţԺ˵˵𣿡
ûĿɨǰˣһ£Ц˵
ҵΪ̫ͣû취ڣµˣܹҲڣֲһֱµλزס
˵ͷڷĵĻȻҲͬġ
Ϊ˭һ˵ţĿɨһ»˺ǧˡ
ܵĿ⣬˺ǧ˵඼һǴҲҴһڡ
Һ˿Ƕصɣµ˶Ķ֣ʵˡ
λǰҵԨԴҾã˭Ϊµһܺõѡ񡣡
᳤Ǹҳ˸ⰡһЦתͷ˵λˣûʲô˵ġ
ˣҳΪµĻҸ㱣֤ԻΪµǿ˵ȱ̬
ҳΪµĻұ֤ЩܣԲһй¶µ⡣ǧһЦ
Ļ۾һһԵĻҲæ˵Ҳһ㣡
˵ͷû˵ʲô
ǧˣµƹܰɣ
ľ˵ɫһüΪɥ
ڻ㣬֪ǷԸһ鴳ݴ½
Ļһ¶һϲ֮ɫ
Ը⣬Ը⣡
ڲǴ۷Ϊʵȴֱ׷صɣĳɾ;ԷǷߣõĺôȳΪһ֮Ҫ
һԵǧ˴ʱҲĽؿŻˣߣ˽δûгΪɾһ졣
ʱͻȻյӡϢ˵һʿҪ
һǸʿģͳԺ
ԭлôˣɣ
õ֮лɵشӡ˵ϡ
лôпյ
лǰЦʵ
˵Щ鷳費Ҫæл˵
⼸겻һֱǿռ·ɣ
μǱ֮Ϊ˵õõлֱ򣬲ûл
֪鷳ҲһҺȡʱʱ䣬ܴϻֻһ·ϲи˿
ֻ»·ˣлʮƽûһ˼
лĻȻӿһɸж
ֻϧˣѾЩ鷳ˣһ飬Ц˵
ŶȻĻҾȥԼˣ
лͷӦһҪת뿪
лȵȣǲҪȥڱ𣿡æס
ѾǺΪԸʿӦò⣬㲻õҡ
л˵ͷȥ
Һһȥɣѹ㱣ֻ֤Ҫûɢϸ֣ǾԲֵġ
лԥһ£˵ͷðɣ
׼һ£Һл֮󣬾ͻȥ򡣡
һ仰ֱ֮Ӵлʧԭء
ȻŵѻţԺΪսʿǸлҲһŰ̾
ҿʼΪǸĬˣţֻ˭סˡǧҡͷЦ
ڵؾ򲢲ǺԶлֻһ˲ƣͳڵɽ֮⡣
ǰڣлԭƽ޲ʱȼյŭ
ڣҲ磬ʦţɱʦʦãҿ޶ʮ꣬ձҸ֮ʱ
л沿ⲻŭȼգһƬ޴ƮڵȫڱΡ
¡¡
һ׵£ЯлĵŭڵЩ档
ܵΧص쳣ػɽŵЩѰܿͷ߷л
ϮϮ
ػɽŵЩӣһߴ߶ʾ󷨣ڵڶʿһߴ߶ɽҪ˵ֵסл


325 ҶҾʹ
лǱ䣬ĳֱһɨһƵɳڵɽѹȥ
ڵĻɽһ𵴣Щڴɽӣ岻϶вдѪ³ɫ԰ֽʱήȥ
һ߼󷨣ҲܵһͨĺʿҪסлͲܡ
Զе壬ҡҡͷ
µϾֻһķչȽǿһʦҲǾżʦ
µϣһеܹ˲ó߼󷨣Ѿǲˡ
ɽʿ˷Ӧʱ䡣
лӳƵ⣬ڻɽƳʱڶʿѾϵɽǰ
Ϊ׵ĸʿ滹мʮɽʿ
һɫ۵Ĵʿл֮˫ĿһɣŭȵǸʿȻҰô
ʦܣԱ۵ֹʿ˵
˹֣һ΢Цؿлʵλýδʶ֪Ϊλڵ鷳
ȻлֻһʿоƵڵĻɽ󣬾жɽڵʵţȻ׵
лڲ硣
仰һϵıýӲ

ɫҲΨһĶڲ类ɱڲˣ֮ǡ
лкһеĳӣȻû˸ղŵĺƴ󽣹⣬ȴһصĲϮȥ
ǺʿȻսңȻҪҾͳȫ㣡
Ųһ̤˲仯İɴСָ任һӡ¡¡ƿл¡
ڡ
ؿ͵ѿһɳ˿ڣŷѪҺӿ
ʲôȻΣһ㶼ûв
ܾ֮£æˡ
лɫ䣬ٴλӳһֻоؿһۣͷȥֻؿֶһ˿ڣɼǡѪСϪһĵϡ
вޣܵѪɭܳϵЩѪ̽
أأأ
ЩʳѪޣڳ̺ܲǿ׷ױŵñ
ȻĹ޷㿪Ҿͺ˻ˣֱӴ㣡
ŭһֱл˹ȥлĹܣԼµ˿ڡ
ߣ
лһʮǧëУ˿˿ƵĽһͱܿĹ
ÿٶȣһʿٶȾȻѷɫ˿
а֪л˻˵뷨ˡ
СӵĹʮֹ죬ǼҲһ֣ȡʱڽ
ʿ׷׳֣һΧл
ɽӡ
ƾɱ
ϵ磡
Ƴʥ
һɽӰڿУлȥɽӰȻըͺըҩըһ㡣
ϯŰƣһİɫ˿лΧУһɫ绮Ƴգ˲лϣ̾ͿʼȼɫĻ档
ͻȻ޾ƣЩһ޴ʥʥ̧лȥ
֮˭ӣ
ۡ
ĸʿѪˣһظ˿ڣӿѪ
л๥߳ղʿֺϻҲܣϽڴؿڸһ޴ָӡ
ղžȻʵԶл¶֮ɫ
ոտʼ
лϴЦһг˵ϣٴγһ˿ڣֻǺ͸ղŵ˿ȣȴԶ
ûжʵʵҪ۵Ӹ⣬һһĥǣǸ۴ʿɫѿ˵
ʦܣųźţξ͵ްף
ף
Ǹʿһӣжʱһ޴ƣγһ仨ֻ仨ȴһһϢϾҪģ
л̧ͷһۣûκβ
ûѹĻҲץʱɱˡڣڲκ֧Ԯ
ǰ֧Ԯʿʵ֮ǰµҪǿ
źôҵҪ˭£
γɵĻ䣬һ˿Ц⣬ȴɱ
ڵ½ӢᣬһʮƷţʮϵɢɣһʮ˽ɢɣʮɢɡ
ڼڵź֮̾ʮɢɹ鿴
ھڲ̫ңԶֻǻһĹ򣬾ʹǿռϵڵڵء
Ӣˣȣ
ӵǸɢɣ¶ϲ֮ɫæ
һʱǵϾѾ˿ڣѪѪһ㣬лҪĥǣѾˡ
ס֣
Ӣŭһһ˦ٵӿۻһɽڣſлײȥ
ɽڣлɫʮƽûһ˿֮ɫȻ˵ɢϵʿ֣;
ȻɽڽҪײлʱǧƾճ֣ϯ۳һָ
ָ΢Ȼɽ֮ϡ
䣡
ɽںȻ飬̳ɢ
λѳ֣αزͷ¶β¶棿
Ӣɫһ䣬˷˹ȥ
Һʱͷ¶βˣ㳤ֻ۾ǳô
Ӣ˳ȥͿһɫ۵꣬վһֻ޴ĹͷϣһЦؿ
߳壬ͬǶϳֻצֿҲֱֻצһԳ
ߵΧΧƯɫģ۳ɽӰɢľѹ
ס֣ʲô˵
ղűֳʵҲǺŽɢɵʵӢʮּɵ
̸̸㹻ʸڽ𣡡帩ӢһЦеģ
ѣǱҶְ
Ӣ̾˿ӿǧ˿һ㣬ܲ趯ţΧĿռˮһ㡣
ԣҾڱ㣬㶯ɣֻҪҶ֣Ҿ͵㣡һЦе˵
Ӣüͷ΢壬ЩԥΪһʮƷźǿԣȻһǵѡ
Ȼڵ˵ѣǾɵѴðɣӢ
Ӣ˵ϲ¶֮ɫ
ӢˣԸȣ¸ԸΪţʹӢ
Ӣ˵ɫ˿δ䣬ûĺһ㡣
ôеЦ
Ϊһǿߣ


326 
ãȻʶʱҶЩˡЦЦӢܣǲǿϧˣ
Ӣɫһ䣬ϵǧһӿ䱸ؿſе塣
ѣʲô˼
ʮɢҲǲסҡҡͷԽԽˡ
㡭
Ӣ˵һ֣˲仯һ⣬Զȥ
ôʲôҸղűֳʵֻڲ֮䣬ôƴӴܣҪ˵ʶңҶţ
һµĿռ˲ֻ̣Ǽ͸ϵӢԱߡ
壬Һԩ޳α׷ҲţӢЩŵغ
ԩ޳֮ǰµΧҼǵҲзݰɣɫ
壬ǲҵ£ҸûȥҪ˱Ļȥˡ
ϳ˼ˮ飬һ⼸ˮƿնȥӢ˵ڡ
أ
ˮڵɽ֮򱬷ֱӽӢ˵ѹ֮ǽ䳹׽ɢͷɢ
޹أ㲻ţǸҳΧ𣿡
һתڵķȥͬʱһӣˮ˷ȥЩȫɱ
ˡɣ
л˵һ֮»صСߵͷϥ£һԹߡ
һԵ壬һɾת˷
һɣҲҪһᣡ
ڵķʼҷʱܳű壬Ҳǲ϶
忴һۣлҿҪͬھûǿ
ʦʦá֮԰Ϣˣ
леĳӣ˵ԴʱһƬѪѾҵͷ˲䱬ը˸ɾ
ŭ
лһ£жʱִڵĽȫݻ٣ʿҲһ׷ױᴩ
ȵһƽֻʣķ棬Щ֮Ͼǽۡ
һ֮лվԭأþò
ҲȥǼСͷϣ˼һ
壬߰ɣ
ʱ䣬лڶˡߵߣ˻ơ
ãǻȥ
ץסлļһ˲ƾͻص˵֮ϡ
лô죿
Ҵȥݴ½һʶһݴ½ЩţϾµǿʵ̫ˡ
ĻһЩʱգҲ׼ǰȥݴ½ʱҲԽǰС
áл˵ͷӦ
һͨЭܲͿǧ¶Щ֮ɫ
ǧ׼ô
ˣѾ׼ˣʱԳ
Ǿ߰ɣ
ʶһż˾˲ƶȥ˼յʱ䣬ǾͳԺķڵء
Ǿʯǧȥɣ
ǣ
ǧЩӦһʶӿʯ֮Уʼ
ӽ֮ǧѾһ֮ˡ
ʯǧˣ̾
һУҲµһˡ
֮ʯһĨ⻪µһƣһ¡
µϵڣʱ֪һ飬µµĵΪǧˡ
ǧһУµӡֱӷɽüϸ֮С
ǧϲˣ幰˹֣Ц˵
л˳ȫ˷ģǧȻС
ˡġлҲһһϲǧҲһ
ǧͽµˣ˲ʹ˵
ǧȻȫʿЩΧɣһ֮ڴһʲȻҾȥеʲ
֮ǰΧʵ̫ˣ϶ܽµɱģҲûй
ǣˣ
ǧֱӴ߶򣬽Ļµ
ʵҲ£ǿ϶ûǧЧãϾǧڵµڶµ˵һ޴塣
֪ĺվŵµǲĴڡ
лô׼һ£һ֮Ǿǰȥݴ½
ţ֪ˡ
˶ǹ¼ҹһʱǰݴ½ʲôʱ뿪ر⡣
֮԰ʱ䶨һ֮һҪŽڶʲҲ㸸ĸ
ǧתǶλŵ¥˺ĵرʯ
Ȼ忴˺ܲˬȴûΪϾǵһǰʾɣҲûк³ֻɻֱµˡ
ʱ½ʲֻʯݺϡ
˷ģÿĹ״Сƽš
һʱܿ͵֮ڣڼ䣬󲿷ɶʵʵ˰ʲһЩҪµǧ˽µӡɱ
ǧЩûϽһʲţûдڵıҪˡ
ǣˡ֪ô
ǧ֮Ҳ׼ȥ͸ĸϾҪǰݴ½һȥ֪ٹֻ꣬һʱǻزˡ
֡裬Ͼ׼뿪µǰݴ½һȥ֪ܻһҪء
С壬µµôôҪȥݴ½ĸЩ˵
裬µ̫СˣѾ޵ˣҲȥݴ½ĻԺĽˡ
㶼˵޵ˣҲѾȫˣ㻹ʵʲô
ԶǣнǡȻڰȫǲԶȫ˭Ҳұ֤᲻ɾԵ֮ģұԼ㹻ǿ󡣡
ˣС嶼ʮˣҪǰүүˣʲô֪ģ¿϶ԼĿǡһ԰æ˵
ڸ˵Ȱ˵£ĸͬǰȥݴ½ˡ
ѽѶԸڻҵСӿ§Ŷٻٻڻ԰֮š
磬˵һ£
ٻٻת˸վǰɫؿ
˵ɣٻٻģıҲ
ȥݴ½Ҳȥ
ôˣüëơ
ҵʵʵ̫ˣߣȫһ׸ҪʵҪΪٻٻЩ˵
ֽٻٻ§ڻЦɵϣҲʵ
磬֮Բһȥݴ½ΪҪ͹һططҵʵڶʱڱǡ
廹¶⣬ٻٻطΪҪڷ֮
ڷ֮Уʵ̫ΣˣҲط˶ٻٻ뷨


327 ǰݴ½
֮ΣգΪĻֻҪһУͻ̱޾ķͬ
ֻеȵΪɽʿطྭϴ֮󣬲ܹ뷨֮ͬ
磬ѾˣҲΪ׸
ٻٻһЦϷɳģ໥֮󣬷׷ײڡ
ЩĵӰ£ٻٻҲڲϷű仯⻬ϸƤʼ壬㷢ɿչһ֦
˫һͬʱ룬˫ִ֦ࡣ
ٻٻס֡
ŭһְڶٻٻϣڵŷӿٻٻڣҪڵЩȥ
磬㲻ð׷ˣһлǲġģֻҪҳΪɣͿ壬ʱҾͿ±ˡ
ٻٻԭ͵ӣҲʼǺƣúƤһ
޳ɵɣǳɲ˵أ
Ȼٻٻڵͷ򲻶ϱųȴԾǲϷ
ôҲû뵽ٻٻͻȻɵ£ΪʵȻԸðôΣա
磬İɣһ޳ɵɵģΪ᲻㣡
ٻٻʱѾȫһԺ֦Ҷҡš
䣡
һ졣ٻٻ󣬳һɷԲĶڣľϵˮӿ
ӴЩľϵˮ֮󣬶ٻٻĸ̾Ϳʼ趯ŷˮɽǸ֮С
ٻٻ
һҲֱ߽Ǹ֮У׷ڶٻٻ档
¡¡
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ٻٻûзɶ೤ʱ䣬ڷ֮һͣ£ĸֱ뷨֮Сеķ
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Ҳ׷˹ٻٻЩŵؽе
֮ǰûҲü
һЩֽ뾭֮СĹʼת
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䣡
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ŲΪҲڲϷǣڵľϵҺԪͻƵڣԪɵӡΪʿ
飬ģγԪӤԪӤ뾫ϣɱԪγɷ֮ţΪʿ
岻ľϵƶ֮ŵĵȼܿͽ֮ŵĵȼ󣬻һ
֮ų״򿪣Ԫתɷ࣬һʶ֮衣
ȡɷϴ࣬ؾ硣

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ھûˣҿˡ
ЦһڶٻٻԱ£Ц˵
磬㡭ҡԲһ̫ˡ
Ҳ֪Լ̫ˣЦЦҿɴû׸ҵĸĸڣǰĶҪػһˣô׸أ
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ٻٻĻһûôԶ
ҲҪ취۰Ϊˡ
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˵ĳѾһ£廹ûг֣лͻ˲Щǡ
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ĵطлȻվ
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ˣλþ޷һݵ㣬ǿݵ̴һǰݴ½
ָһͼ˵
ͼµʿŪǿռͼȻϵͳͼʱ仯ȷĻǣ·㹻ġ
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ʮ֮ǾͿһߴĳǳأǳɺɫʯͷɣʵ޻Ǵǿռǿռ䣬ʲô
ǳصĳǽϣĳţÿŵǰ棬һƽ̨ͣ˾޴Ŀۡ
ۣƽ̨֮ϣųŵķȥ
ڻ˵Ĵ£˹ŴƱƾŴƱǿԵκһпλĿۡ
ֽͨҵҪϷƳɵĿƬҡҡͷ
ǰݴ½ĴƱ۸ߴһöƷʯ൱ڴʿĲƲ
ȥݴ½Ŀۣ˾ˣҪȥʿˡ
ʱƽ̨һҴͿзɳһʿ
ǹȥɣ
Ǹʿ֤˵ĴƱ֮󣬾ǽС
ˣЩѾʿסķ棬ȫ˱ʶֻѡЩûʶķ䡣
һ߸ţһǰѰûеʶķ䡣
ˣǰݴ½ҪѼʮʱ·㻹Ҫ׼ǡڽ뷿֮ǰѵ
˽⣬ҲȥϢɡ˵ͷ


328 ɱ
ϥ֮ϣʶ̽봢ָ֮У洢̺ݣµɵİʲ
͵ɸȣȻǷȴЩ
Щʹõķ϶ɱеԨƷսлӲ˶á
ʦȼȻµķ
һָеЩݲϷɳȥһĿУʱͱϵͳԶա
㻨ʮʱ䣬Žָڵȫա
õ㹻ķ֮̾Ϳʼȼܡ
ǰѵȼ100ķ˼˿Ȼְսʮһʮ
µȷ̫Сˣѹ˴µʵݣȻֻܽ100Ҳֻݴ½ܹΪṩ㹻ˡ
ʣ޼ķ̲ס̾
Ϊʮʦ֮ƼƷɱʸ񣬽ֻҪ˼ʲôɱͺˡ
硢ꡢɽַֻнһ𣬲ܷӳȻַһͼͺˡ
ʶڴָһЩʺͼ෨Ĳϣֱӷ˳Ͷϵͳ¯С
㶯ưť¯޾һ𡣲ϷЩϡ
һѾԲùˣֻҪ¯ԶɱƳͺˣǼܵơ
岢û֮ˣʶ̽¯Уһ󴸣ôеЩϡ
̺ڴеĽṹ򣬲ϽЩеͬʱҲŻЩϵĽṹøӼ͡
ڴŲϵͬʱͬʱҲڹһ󷨣ӡЩ֮ϡ
ȵеĲȫӡֿ֮ʼ¯Ļ潫ЩһγһŻ
һƬʣ΢磬˿бһɽ壬⾳һֻ˿һۣ͸оҪȥ
ܵ¶ЦݣʶһҪ
ڴʱ¯Ϲ⻪һһâ¯Ϸɳ֮С
ɢѹʱǡϵɽҲȥõĸоʵޱȡ
ĽȺɽһ㡣
ţ⾹Ȼ֮ͨ
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û뵽ɱȻõһ֮ͨ˼תܿҲ֪ô¡
Ľ˵װʱаٷ֮һĿܣƳһװ
һƼƷɱƳ֮ͨ
֮аɽꡢַ򣬾ͽɽͼɣ
ָһɽͼͽʶ֮Ȼʼ
оηſռ䷨ӦòǾһηͽдɣ
귨Ӧܹӳһη־ͽеӣ
ṹӳǾԨɣ
˼·ܿȷˣһĵرӴָзɳϵͳڵ¯֮С
ȱƳǴ󣬴Ȼӡ˿ռ䷨򣬵ɫȴ͸ģԤеĲɫ
ͷֳɫֳޱ˳ߣһĹƷ
ֻܵǼƷɱ̲ס¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫҡҡͷԳЦЦһ̰Ĳ㰡пܴδζƳ֮ͨ
ӺԨҲƳ
ԵüΪ£һˮ̶ɣϸķӡۣһȥ͸оҡҷ
ϲǣڵɵʱ¯ٴһ⻪Ҳ֮ͨԨα仯ֻǱĵر˼Ʒɱĳ̶ȡ
ļǿķ֮ӿս⣬޲óһǿĶ֣һ
һ֪̾ĿۣѾǿռз˰꣬ŷ˼֮һ·̡
ݴ½мʮ·̣һȸһ˵
ڵķѾﵽ˺Žɢɵĳ̶ȣֻò˶೤ʱ䣬ͿԴﵽʮ˽ɢɵĳ̶ȡ
ʶ֮Уط಻ŷͨӿķˮеķա
岢ʿðΣգ÷뷨֮ȥЩˮ
ΪķͨޱȾ޴ÿʱÿӿķˮӦѾǴ´ࡣ
ƽ֮Уķţܿʹﵽʮ˽ɢ۷壬ͺƿһ㣬ƾŬ޷ֺ
ߵߵߵ
ŵ붨˹
˭
ˣҺл㵽һһйȥ𣿡˵⴫
򿪷ţſڵЦҲڷˣһȥҲá
˳ͨ۵Ĵȥһ·ҲʱһЩʿǵȫǿƣҲɢɼǿߡ
ϵǿߺö࣬ҿҴǸ
Щʿлҡҡͷ˵
һ鼫ƷʯƱʿĸʵһЦ˵
֮һĶ֣Ц˵
˵Ц䣬Ѿ߽˴֮Уһλ֮󣬾һߴĺʿ˹
λˣҪʲô
Сԣһѩ𣡡
óһ鼫ƷʯӸǸ߷Ը
õģλԵȡ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôΪߵĻ˵ǸߺʶȤûжʡ
֮ǰȥݴ½ƱǵˣʮϤ
Ȼûȥݴ½֮ǰ޷Ŀȥ˶ЩϤһЩһ˵
ţδû
ΧЩʿߵȫ¶ɻ֮ɫ
˸ո߽ʱ˾Ѿע⵽ǣΪԼ¶Ϊǿѹǰľ
û뵽ǿޱȵߣһʿȻ¶˹ı飬ʵ̫ˡ
ǸĸľţǸ߾Ǳɳġ
ɣǺ겻һʿôţҲһɸ汣ɣ˵ҪڳǸıˡһʿŵ˵
бĽѵҪ˵Ǹʵޱǿ󣬰Ǹ߸ˣԱһʿЦż
ЩʿĵۣɫһͷһЩѹʱϯȵǾôϲô
ܵϵǿѹЩʿȫ¶֮ɫ»һˬȫɱ


329 ˣ
ѺαЩСһʶ
һЦһɫ۵˽ɢѹȻ˻Ҫǿɽ˵ѹһɨա
صɣ˵˫һ
ǸϵѹһЦ˹
û뵽ҿϣеȸ֣֮ǰеൣ
ڿŵǸλ£εĴлϻ
лһƽߵоǳּ˿졣
һʿһʿﲻһĽɫǾȻղŵѹʵֵúܡ
ԭǿ۵Ĵʧˣ
Ƕصɣ˶ղŵΪҲõ
лޱһԣûпµһ㣬
޲֪γƺ

ԭǻѣ֪ߵλγƺ˳ưĿתƵ˵ϡ
ǲС䣬Լ̸ͺãˡ̧ͷһۣ˵
ߵ΢΢˵⣬϶ǻ˵ղǼʿĲ²⵹Ҳмֿܡ
ʱ˼Сԣӣһ
Ǻ𣬽ȫȻֱݸ˺л
æ˫֣һؽӹݹľƱ
ˣҲҪһ𣿡
ӵʱ򣬺Ȼ뵽һԵߣһ΢Цʵ
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˵˵ͷȻŴȥ
⡣
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ҲЩ֣һصɡҪ˼ңղŵ̬ȺܲҲ˵
˵֮˶һۣЦ
ˡ˵ʲôĿģ
Ҫľ·أ˵ҿʲô
±֮ƣһȻʵ
ˡ˵Ҫٲƣ޷ǶʮƷţɾ򣬲ΪǮơͲҪ˰ɣ
üͷ΢壬¶һŵı顣
ҪʲôܿͻжʱһоԼˡ
һ֮
ڷдȻоһ𵴣붨
߳ţͿʿӷ߳лͻҲ˹
ʲôˣ
а˰ɣ
˵˵޷̴Щɢ޾ıӵҲҽ̴
꣡
۵ĲźȻ򿪣߽һȺװʿʵҲǺŽɢɣɢǿĿơ
߸λһϢǱˣ
Ⱥʿ֮У߳һĴ󺺣һ󴸣ɢɽһۻơ
٣ǽаޣܣ
һʿһ⣬ҪӴĲܳȥ
أ
ʿֱӱеĴУǷ࣬ͳͳҵ÷飬ò
Цһ׶Ŀɨǻ˭Ҫ𣿡
Ķͽ޷̴ֲ
һŭȣһԶı渡ֳķƣữǹ⣬ÿһǹ֮У̺żΪǿѹ
߽ڽ֮ϴŵѪһķŭ
ҹȥ
еĴһӣֱǵӭȥǵǹȫݻ٣㽣ҲҳƬɢȥ
ۡ
һѪ˳
Цһ̤ǰһеĴֱߵǰعֱ飬ǰһۡ
ȻңԲ޷ʿЩô
һָһγɵķӡɽߵڣΪȫӡס
Ǵϳڼ飬װϣҲֻЩֶΡ
ŭŴ󺺣ʮֲʵ˵
ʲôֶΣѾҵˡ󺺷һЦ
߱׽ڶʿʱ޾صɶǶ֣ûһϣˡ
ֻıƣֻҪǺúúǲɱǵġ
ӴԱ߳һҡֽȣһ΢Цؿڶʿ
ùԹԽϵĶ˭Ҫ΢һ㣬Ҿҵķ״
󺺵Ҫڶʿɫٱ䣬뵽ΪΪ⣬Ҳֻǽָ
ڶʿ׼ָʱһȺ
޲ˣһ֮Եķϣۿ۰ɣ
⻰ڶʿֲ˻תͷķȥͿһ΢Цվ塣
󺺵ɫҲ΢䣬ǸԾһ΢ЦֻǿĿЩ졣
˵⻰ǡʲô˼һ˵ŻһѪ
Ҹ𣿡¶һȵı飬ԭһε飬Ⱥаõģ
ԣڶʿɫһ䣬ȫŭĿӡ
СӣǲѲƲˣˡ󺺿壬ɱ
ס˴󺺣һ΢Цֱ˵ĺô֪֪Ϊ⼸仰˶Ҫ
Ǿ˵û´ඣ޲ˣˣЦе˵
޲ɫվϵѸٻָѪҲ׷ʧ±ýྻ¡
֪֪ܶ죬˶ܸ߽壬ϵӿһɽѹȥ
ЦһϵȻӿ˲ͽߵƻ
ۡ
ߵƱˣɫһ԰ס
лҡҡͷҪľ귨Ҫѹȡ衣
λѣ㿴Щ˿Ŀ⣬˷ߺ޺ԹֺαΪǳͷ
еȵ˵ЩʿЦ˵
λѣ㲻ҪֻҪܽǾȳȥȻǸм
ôܻأʵǶĻм֪ࡣ
ѣǾΨհ˵ǽô죿
ֳǿʵ֮ڶʿ¿ϣϾ˭ҲԸԼ۵ʲȥ
ˣǵҺθɣûǵͷϣҲùǡ
ЦһʵʲôҪ󣿡
Ϊҿ۶ʯӦûвٰɣȫҰɣЩûȤ
ĻǸһ㶣ΪʨӴ󿪿ڣû뵽Ҫô͡
ãʮʹشӦ


330 ݴ½
ӰнӹװʯĴָ֮ȫڶʿǷߺ޵Ŀ⣬ŻлŲŴȥ
ˡߵŴͻȻͣ£飬ϣǽøɾһ㣬ҲϣԺκΪ鷳
ĿӰǸ󺺵ɨ
ߣ
ƺһ¶м֮ɫ
΢΢˵ͷĺˣǲԼ鷳ġ
ҡҡͷΪ˷ֹǲҵĻϣǸһ㾯Ѻˡ
˻˵һ̽˽䱸״̬ڵɿתҲ
һЦڵɽꡢϵӿһֻ֣Ǹץȥ
úãӸղҾͿ㲻ˬֶΣ
ŭһеĴ϶ʱӿ׻ƣֻӭȥ
ǡ
Цһָֻᵯеķ״ʱһָɡ
ֻ˳߬ס󺺵壬һ󣬴󺺵ʱѹɷĩֻʣһͷ­ƯڿС
ʱߺͰĹŸոһָȫ
סҵ棬һΣɾʲôʣˣ
ֿһ֮ʹŻл߳˿ۡ
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֮ǰΪֻֻ֣ͬмɵǼʶʵ֮ǵֻʣ¾ˡ
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˸ۣҡڶʿȥ
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Ща߿һЩʿæе
Ҳɱ˵ģڲɱˡղǸǿߵвҲˣҪǲǵĻľˡ
ҡҡͷе裬Щʿϯȥ

Ŀڣ塢лΧƶ
壬ղҴϵĲƸɲ٣ôֱӷŹˣл壬Щ֮ɫ
ʲôƸôûпһھƣЦʵ
ЩʿĲƸ˵˵ЩͼֵǧƷʯɲһСĿһɼƷʯĻԻɽڼƷʯˣ
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ڷҪĻֻܵȵɸ֮ˡ
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ԣһæԸص磡
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֪ĵشԪŨ񣬺Խݴ½ģشԪԽŨеĵطֻ˲ܹС
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УɽквԭɳĮʲôģǺ飬Ϊǳʵ̫ˡ
ްԳǳصĳǽǧɸߵͣÿһξ룬վһԪӤʿڳŴһȺʿֵء
ҪǳصʿҪǷѡ
֮Ǹӳһ㶣һӭ
ӭλǰɽƳǡ֪ΪЩʲô
󣬱׼ʯ̻ӳⷬϵĶһ١
ţԼתתͺãȥæɣ˻ֵ
Ͳλǰˡ
˵֮Ǹӳ͹ȥ
ҡͷЦЦл߽˳ǳ֮С
ɽƳǵĳм˼Ȼ֪Ը߼ʿԴЦ
ǰǷѲһƷʯǽ㻨һ㣬Ҳ㹻Ƿ׬ˡлӿ˵
˾һ˵Цţһųǳȥ
ǳȻޱȹǧһǼԶǧҲǶ߼顣
û೤ʱ䣬Ǿ˳ǳĵķشʿڴţĦ࣬
Ǽ¥ǽȥɣ˳Ҳһ
ָһ¥Ц˵


331 Ⱦ
лͻתͷȥ֮⣬һɽεضΰȴ޷壬Ǳɽ壬γһƽ̨
޷ɽǧɣ϶£ÿɾһȦƣ֮ϣ໪ݸãſϹһ޴ң顰̨¥ĸ֡
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ʿһΣͶһᦣһ޼ʵĺ棬иֺ޴ӺˮԾԵ鶯֮һһ㡣
޻һαɱҾģõóӦĶע𣿡ʿһЦؿл
šС飬Ķעͦõġ
ӳһαɱӣΪȻص˵ͷ
µݴ½һ·ϡϰٴνаޣÿһζܹõٶ˵αɱˣƷɱҲó١
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޷磬ҰǬɱӰƤǳ˶ǣֻɱˣұô
οͻȻֵӣҧгݵ˵
Ŵԣ޷üͷ΢壬֪Լӵϲã黹пġ
ô£
޷ѯʣ¶ԥ֮ɫ֪òð幩
Ȼ£Ǳ嶥׵Ŀģڼʶ֮ȴЩԥˡ
º޹أҲ֮һٴͰˣɱˡ
ܿ죬˾
˭ǶԾ޴۽ź㡣
ң
Ⱥ˵ڣ¾Ʊһƽؿſе޴
һȵؿ壬û뵽£Ȼվϡ
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߾Ȼһصɱԭˣ
ԱߵĻˣεȴ¶˼֮ɫ
ܹһһصΪڣڵһȻҲɵ
㿴ɫƽ壬¶˼ɻ֮ɫһôܻ᲻֪ķš
ҹ㱳ɱҶӣҪ
εצһ̽ץۼγɵȻƸֳΧצתγǿѹϡ
ղǼʱξѾǺ˺·ıʮǿҲȥͶЩǿ
ԵĻ̤ǰһڵӿɱ֮Уƴɱзɳؼγһͭǽڡ
ꡪ
ͭǽ˲ͱ֧飬צͣٵ嵱ͷץ¡


336 ɱ
飡
һ촫ľצͣϷ֮ȴһεĻڵס޷
ռ䷨򣡡
һԵĺ޷絽һĻ̲סһ
һ˵ʿֻгΪ֮󣬲ʸȥռ䷨Ϊռ䷨ʵ̫ǿˡ
ͬȾĿռ䷨ͨİٱ֮࣬˿ռ䷨ʿԽսһΪ򵥵顣
㲻Ǹһʿ˿ռ䷨ҲҪҵ
ŭһţҫķڽ֮УƷɳڿŤγһ
ƻ
βһڣצǰ죬һ⣬˹
ͷǱƼˣȻһУ
޷ɫһ࣬Щء
ȻֻǶصɣΪѪĹϵʵȴѾﵽصǰڵĵز
Ժ޷صɵʵҲС˿ȫֿͬ
һнƻνϵķƣĸ壬ֻӵһ൱ȫһ
ܵϵƣɫƽ֮¶һ˿Ц
ڵķ൱ʮ˽ɢɣټϸӳʵǿܹﵽصɵı׼

ܹڵ۽֮УռϽһӿڿΪַƣǰƬռȫ
еκȻҲû⡣
ܵΧռѹȣε¶˿˿֮ɫû뵽ʹÿռ䷨򡣾Ȼܷӳ
βŤ壬ҪƬĿռѳʮǿŤƬռ䶼ʼ
и
ڵĿռٴӿڿлһƣγһռѷ죬κȥ
ҪҲôġ
һƵĿռѷ졣εǲʺ;øˣƬĿռ䶼ʼɶ
ǣΪʱ
һռѷεϢĻ󣬿ռѷʧռһжع
ڡ
εϺȻһ˿ڡɫѪÿһѪڵϡһƬѪᡣ
һܳһˣ
һͽεסս˴ָ֮С
ЩμӺ½۵ʿȫ㶵ؿһĻôû뵽ղŻǰΪӱΣ˼򵥾ͱһʿɱˡ
Ȼ˿ռ䷨˾ȣǿҲζһֽţĽǲʲô仯ġ
ǣ˭û뵽ת۾Ȼ֮
ʮһƷŻĿߣ﷽Բڵİڲ߱ɱҪɱ˵ĸʳ³ʵ̫ҡ
һΪɱص˵ʲôã壬ϵıв˿˿־塣
ֲֲֲ̫
չ˵ֲһԾԭΣ˫һģԶٶȥ
˼ΣգԲǡڲǴΪȻʵʮ˲϶ûκѶȣǵ˵ɣʵֻ»ᷢ췭ظı仯
ο壬йâ˸˼ת
վں޷Աߣ鸴ӵؿ壬֪죬Ҳû뵽Ȼڴڵʱ򣬾ӵصɵʵ
֪ǿʵղһվһ𣬹ͬΡ
ûղѡѾ֮Ĺϵ£޿ֲ
˾޴֮תͷź㿴ȥĿƽޱ顣
忴޷ɫ΢䣬ǰһ͵˺ǰֱ塣
ղŵǲԣԸⲹ
˵ͷͻȻʵ֪ľʹ𣿡
û˵޷ҡҡͷЦ˵شƫƧ˽ģҲǷԲʮ׹ڵ飬ط飬ǲ
Ե˵ͷûٶ˵ʲôֱӴŻ˼תȥʼնûһԵĺ㡣
̬ȣ鲻ЩȻ
Ҫ֪ľʹϢֻܼݴ½ߣȥһЩǳزпܴˡ
ȡۣȻŻ˺лŷۣǰȥ
壬Ѿ뿪ʱ򡣡лͻȻߵǰ˵
ôˣ
¶ɻ֮ɫ
ҼĻ͵òκ˵׷ʵˣұҪԳȥһ
ˣˣлļ򣬡ֻݴ½֮󣬲֪ҽûټ֮ա
ݴ½Ȼ󣬵Ƕ˵Щʿ˵ȴҲֻһȦӶѡֻҪ㹻ߣߵ㹻Զټ졣
л˵ⷬʱǼı顣
ɣҪﵽ˵Ǹ̶ȣҲҪнɵʵǻ֪Ҫ೤ʱأ
һϴӸл
ʲô
лһ¶֮ɫ
еõһ챦Զľ룬ʱܹ໥ΪԺҪæʱ򷽱㡣
ллл˵ͷ
ѾܹɱصɣŽɢɶԸˣôǽæĿԴһЩ
ף֮˵չӰˡ
壬أ
أ
л𣬻һ⣬Զٶȥ
лԶȥıӰ徲Ĭһᣬ¶Ӿ񣺡ߣҲҪŬȵ죬ҪлæǿɾͶˣ
һ·ϣ岢ûȥΪҪ룬ȫ޷ڸ·ʱʵ̫Σա
˼µʱ䣬Ǿʹľ룬һΰ޳֮ǰ
ǳؼΪ㣬ÿǽڹ֮循ȵģǳ֮УȻȫûһհ
֮ǰ嵽ЩǳأȻ޴󣬵ɽкӣвԭɳĮһһ
ǳأȴһĳǳأͺһͨǳطŴһ
ǳסһ֡ͨҪסĳǳⱲӶš

ŵڴȫǷʿСӳǺʿÿһǵʿǷѡ
ǷÿʮƷʯ
ǷѣҲ࣬һΣʿûˣʵ̫ˡ
Ƿ֮ÿ˵õһƣʾǻڳǳ涺ʱ䡣
ҵǳض뾡취ǿʿԣҪڳǳͣÿһ춼ҪѲƵʯҡͷ̾


337 ѯϢ
ظо޴ĳǳ֮Уǿʿǿֻصɵʵ
ֻһǳصĳصɵʵӦǴˣ֪ܴܲľʹϢ
սõϢľʹΪҲǽһûŪľʹľǰǾԲǰȥġ
˳ŶǾͽ뵽Ϊʥľ޳֮У۴һƬӷľ󣬵·ԣ۴νڱȵĽʿڽֵ
ЩʿҲǷʿϼµʿʵΪʥǵǷ̫ˡ
ʮƷʯǷѣҲֻʥǶһµʱѣʱ䣬ҪٴνɷãȻĻͱ뿪ǳء
λǰ֪費Ҫ򵼣
弸˸߳ŶԱ߾һŮ߹ʵ
Ůϴһ°ɫۣͷһ٣㷢ڶߣ弸˵Ŀк֮ɫ
ҪѶʯ
ʥޱȾ޴󣬳Ľ·۸ӣȷҪһΪ·
ÿһ鼫Ʒʯ
ǸŮһ¡ᶨ˵
Ȼ岻ʯҲԸⱻ˵ɵӿӡ۸üͷ΢΢
ͨĺʿһҲ鼫Ʒʯ롣ŮֻΪǴ·ʲôȻҪÿһ鼫Ʒʯȫǰǵԩͷװ
ǰΪ·ɣʥеÿһֵҶϤÿֻҪʮƷʯͺˡ
ǰҴСʥгϤһһľÿֻҪʮƷʯܵõһʮ򵼡
ǰҡ
ҪھܾǸŮޣԱ߾ӿһȺʿȿֺ˵
ǡ
ȺӿķʿǸŮָǣɷ
еķжټң
ӿڶʿ˼תͻȻʵ
⣬ЩʿȫǱһ㶡ͷӦ
Ӧʮڼҡʮڼң
ʮڼҰɣ
ʥôӦʮڼҡ
ڶʿ棬ȫЩɡ
ʥǹзʮǧʮǧŰʮһҡ
˻һΧЩʿȫסתͷȥͿղǸŮվϵıǾǿ
¶Цݣȷֵÿһ鼫ƷʯӶʡ
˵ΧЩʿϣȫ¶ʧ֮ɫԣѾӶǸŮˡ
Ů޵ıһ㶡¶һϲı飬ллллǰ
ʲô֣
ӸŮһ鼫ƷʯȻתų֮ȥ
Σ
ӹǿ鼫Ʒʯæ塣
Σεģֿ湻õġҡҡͷʥӦרϢĵطɣǹȥ
ȻѾ֧ӶʣҲ̾ǰ·
ǰʥеȻ࣬ϢĵطȴֻһңǾŸ󣡡
һǰ·һ߸ܵ
ŶΪʲôЩʵ
ֻҪµ鱨֣֯Ÿͻ繫Էеϸ£Щ鱨֯ûȥ
ǺǡҡͷЦȴûʲôۡ
εĴ£ǽͨ󣬲һ֮ǰ
ߴǧɣаٲ㣬ÿгڣʿЩڽԶԶȥͺһ޴ޱȵķ䳲
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κϢ۾ϣܹɣ
εĴ£ֱһ̨ǰ
Ҫ֪ľʹϢֱӶǸ̨Ů˵
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ǸŮָԵһ㣬ַɿ컮
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ǸŮ޵¶֮ɫŸôʱ䣬û顣
ҪѯϢȨ֪Ҫ֪ϢĻֻȥѯʡ
ŸеһЩϢ˵Ǿݡһ֣ЩͨĹԱҲȨ֪
ЩŸĹԱҪƼǵȥѯϢ
㣡
һԵεһ
Ÿ¥ԽϣշԽϢҲҪǧƷʯȫһ֡
˵ͷֱӳ˴ţŸȥ
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ҪϢֵۡӿд
¥ԽԽߣʿҲԽԽ٣㣬һʿˡ
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ģˮĺ棬һӰԷò
ҪʲôϢ
һɳƵˮ洫˹
Ҫ֪ľʹϢ˵֮󣬽ˮ֮ǸӰ
⣬ǸӰ΢΢һһĬ
ôŸҲ֪ôüͷһ壬ʵ
֪ǲ˵ɳƵٴ𣬡һϢССŸɲҳۡ
룬ȡָеľơעȥֱͷγһôӰ
ľƣӵгΪľʹӵʸ񡣵ҲȷľʹôԲҪѯʹľʹϢ
ˮˡʼô
֪еζʲô֪ľʹļζʲô֪ľǺε𣿡
ǸɳƵһܻĸо
֪ʮָɴ˵
㡭
һ֮ˮ֮Ǹʿƽ
˼Ҹղʧ̬ˡ
ûϵܸҹľʹ˰ɣ
ðɣȻľƣҰľʹ㣬ľҲҡ
ǲɳƵͰ֪йľʹϢȫ塣
Ϣļ۸Ƕ٣
˲ɳĽ֮һ󾫹˸
Ҫ֪ľ
Ҿǰľʹ
ϢģǽԵ
˵仰֮ˮ֮ĺӰ΢΢˸žʧԭء
ҡҡͷЦЦ֪ľʹϢ֮ˮǸʿ
һֱ̤ӳ˻˼˵ǰ
ˣõԼҪϢˣ
ϵı飬˳ʵ
У
Цһǰȥ˼æȥ
һջס֮ʱ뿪ڶٹ
ջ֮л㰲ȫﴳʮ˲Ȼǰȥľʹӵ
ǸɳĽ֮˽ľʹǿǾվݴ½˵


338 
ľʹĹľ棬ڽ֮УҲȺˣݴ½
֮ͬ䣬ʵҲиߵ֣֮ʱ֮
ʮ˲ĵɱΪɣÿһ㣬ǿٱ൱ͨ㾳硣
Ҳ˵һɵǿȫʮɣ֮ΨһǷ
ʱҪǿȣͻɾ֮ǿȵȾûôˡ
ʿķѾ㹻֧ǿͨˣͬɵǿҪֳͨ
ܹͨѪ֮УǿȾٶȱǣЩܹͨѪʿͱΪɾ
֮ҲƵĻ֣ЩǿĽʿͱΪ档
ȻҵҪָ㣬ѰһɽǱҪģľʵɲ⣬ҵĿɽǾ㹻ˡ
ԾѣֻҪͿԣ˵ûƿ㹻ݣٸʱ䣬վݴ½۷塣
˵ʦǿп޵ģǿɽȴǱزٵġ
Ȼӡšôݴ½ϴ·ʿֺֹһ˻Ѿ޴Щ˰æӡҲա
ս˵ľʹڼӵΪҪǵɾ磬ƾڵʵȻᱻ֮⣬ܹЩԲ˳һǾͻƵɾΪá
ԼƵһóԼԺΧһȻð˸ԼūΧ
һ׼֮ٴοʼ֮ţһܹҪȥǵڶ
ܿ졣ʶ֮Уٴγһȵ֮ţȵ֮ŵ״һβ࣬Ψһϵĸ
ϵСͬץһѾ޴ļڵ֮УСץסһ˵˫֣߸߾׼üּϡǸ˵ȴǿ־;š
ϴҴһʱ򣬴ͷβûмһֻС֪һδʲô
ƿ˵֮š˽ȥ
龰Ͱֻ࣬ǵ϶޴ļͷ¡֮С
廷Ĺˣǽ䱸֮ɫЩǣпκһС
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ˣȥõҳ˵
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û೤ʱ䣬ҳ֮ǰһУҳֱӷɽڡ
ŵ֮ŵķȥڵ֮ǰͣ
ηԲɺϣһҵʲôĵط
һԼ꣬ܿע⵽ԼؿڴȪ֧Ȫۡ
ѵδûСΪȪ֧ԭ򣿡üͷ΢壬ҡҡͷԣȪ֮ˮܹ꣬ЩСĪǻȪ֧Ӱ죬ֻһеСҡ
Ȼ˻Ȫ֧ԭ򣬵ǻȪ֧ȴҲ壬֪ԭ
Ȫ־һȻı飬Ȫ֧鲼صף֮ԲаȾΪлȪ־Ĵڡ
ԭ壬޹Ұֱŵ֮ȥ
֮һڣȻзûܹκ쳣
ĪͻϤУ˵һ죬ôÿδһ찡
ܵԼȻϤУ֮ǰȽϺõ飬ٴζЩơ
ҵҪͻȻϤô£
߳˵֮ź󣬺ͣЪ̿ʼĵ֮š
֮ϵĸһ޴ĺɫֱ֦֦Ķʮּ֦ϲһŤࡣ

û˿ԥƿ˵ֱ֮֮Ÿ֪֮еҳ񱼶ȥȫ·ϻС֡
Ĵ鲼ӰвϴߣܿһûĿյأƯڿеҳȡ
һΣһҪŪʲôԭ򡣡
ǰУͬʱ֮ռ䷨ɢԼܡ
ܿ죬֮žңң
ϾҪˣ
ڵ֮ǰ͵תȻؿһڹӺڰзɳڡ
ȵعʱѾ˵֮ţصԼʶ֮С
ǵڹʲô
˲̿ʼԼ꣬ƾϸѰңȴҲûܷκ쳣
ϸ˼֮ûκջ壬ɫЩںһ
ûиǶڹʲô֮ǰǾԲټˡ
ˣ
̻˶æ
⼸ûʲô飿
һ˵Żһ߰ԺΧ
ˣŸʿһ뺯˵ǽһᣬϣμӡ̻˵
᣿һ£û£ȥɢɢҲãȥ·
ÿ춼ڿջ⣬ʱķԸ̻ȥһУܿͳǰоһöƷʯֵ
彫뺯ӸΣҪȥط·ɣ
޷
δ뺯ĵص֮̾
ţȻ޷뺯Һ޷Ե
ղûп뺯ݣֱӸΣεľ֪޷ٰᡣ
߰ɣСֵˡ
кŷӦæܼǰǴ·
ת˼δ֮ǾһĽֵϣֵʮȫǸߴĽ
ǰʥʮһнֵ·Եĵ̣һЩĶ廨ţԶߣ
Žʿʮֵ˵ͷоԷ顣
ǰ¥޷ʥǵķֲ
̧ͷȥֻһɫ¥εضֱƶˣ¥棬׺飬΢΢˸ŹâͺҹеȺǡ
ǿ󷨣
Ϊʦһ۾Ϳ¥ϵЩ鹹һǿ󷨡
Ϣ󷨴߶֮󣬾صɣҲҪټĹܹ乥ơ
ǰ˵ʲôʲô󷨣Щɻתͷ塣
ûʲôǽȥɣ޷Ѿһξϲˣϣεܹٸһξϲ
޷¥ǰŶɽʿԣ䵱ӭÿʿ߽ȥ̾ͻṪ
ÿһλ¥Ŀˣһʿǰ·Դ緶


339 һ
ӭλ˹޷
弸˸ո߹ȥվſڵЩɽʿ빪ͬʱһʿӭ
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һԵæ뺯ݸǸʿ
Ǹʿӹ뺯ɨһۣϵıøӹ
ԭŸĹͣҵ
ǰ·ĴʿȴǸиšͬǴʿĳĺĵӣȴֻﵱ̴ӣ·
ûɷҪūۣҪôǿҪôѰһǿĿɽ֮⣬
ʥУ岢ûչֳʵŸ֮ΪгΪľʹӵʸ
һǿɽĺô
λĿˣǵİᣬҾſںţʲôʱԸҡ
·Ĵʿһǰͣ£˵
˵ͷû˵ʲôֱӴŻ˼߽ᡣ
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ڰм䣬ʮɴŮ޵ͷվڶŸ˿ʿ
ſڵǰǽϣһ͸ˮƳɵĴڣڸżž޴ΣŴ޵ƤëʱзƴƤëɢ
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浹ǺܣгкȻеĿ
徶ֱߵǰ£Ц˵
һ˿֮𣬰мǼʮŮޣ趯
ԱߵΣЩŮޣɣ֪ԼǲҲЩеһԱ
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͸ˮȥֻĴ֮Уһ̨һֽ̨棬ֲʱ˸¶ΪΣյϢ
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Ȼûв뾺ۣȴʱעڶʿıۡ
ô˵嶼һʦЩɱļ۸񣬶˵һοֵġ

ʮƷʯ
ŰٿƷʯʱһͷӾ˵
۸һһЩʿ϶ʱ¶Ȼ֮ɫԭȽϻȵľ۷Χ˲̨ϵѦҲüͷ΢壬¶֮ɫ
㲻޽ҲһǧƷʯļ۸޷֮԰޽׼۶˵ͣΪӪһֻȵգڶʿĹ
ȻղǸŰٿƷʯıۣ޽ճɽ۸Ӱ첻󣬵֮ǰӪȴѾƻ
˳ŰٿƷʯû˳ߵļ۸񣿡
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341 
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ﰵ˼š


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㿴Ǹǲɵˣץܣôϻ¶Цݣ
Ѫ̧ͷˣǷĹ¶Щ΢Ц֮ɫ
Ѿж೤ʱûзȫʵˣҪսȫĻԼ£
䣡䣡䣡䣡
죬˷Ĺȫڵĵطʱͽҳһ޴ĿӶһִѷ죬˷ȥ
޷ڵΣһĻ΢΢һæ۾￴ȥ
ţѪȥˣ
ſһĴӣüͷ
ѵǸղһСģͣǸʿѪһˣܺ˵
ߣܺͣǿɾľѪҪܰǸޣҲͲøǵѪˣֱȥɱһɣ
ƽ֮һԵܺͣһ˵
ΪҲ֪ҽһ£ǸʿѪȥˣܺ߳ŭ
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ʱһӿд̧ͷȥͿղǸʿϥ֮С
ͷϣһͷվͷ޵ģŹ֮
Ƭ׳צԿĳ򣬱ԵԵüΪͷλһСͺڶĵ۽ࡣ


348 㻹ϲֵ
ȻܴǵĹ֮ӳˣ
۾΢УĿҲһ˿档Ҳֻһ˿ˣϾ岻ǴʿûֵԴĵط
һţܹԽսǼҲǸţҲܹԽսֺξһССʿ
ֲʲôرķܹӳҲʲô̫˳Ծ°ɣһЦ˵
ǻĿȴڶʿ̲סһ
ҪʲôѵҪͬʱսλɸô

мֶεģҪΪղܹ˵Ĺʸս˵ĻǾǴشˡ
Űɣһúܲң
Ļ˵ɫǳ
ҵҪҵ£ܹŹУ
ŭһ˲ʧԭأǰһؽڴļգͷ­ȥ
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ģ
վͷյĵ۽֮УɳͿռ䷨˲ͽ֮ľǧ򱶡
ţǡռ䷨򣡡
ԱߣʱоΧ쳣ɫٱ䡣
˵ȴʮ֣ղŻѸĶ̱֮˳ͨ·첻˶١
ռ䷨ҵθԹԣСӲһ㰡ǴΪȻܹռ䷨̶ֳȣУҪץˣ
ʶֶΣܺһľ֮̾ɫʱʹùġ
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ǹƽ֮Ʒͨ黨ָ
ͬʱҲǲϰθս֮һȭ˲䱩ٱ۽Ҳһȭơ
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ԥ֪ѡ̧ܺͣͷ߿˹
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走ҶΪֵˣܺﰵԸ̣һǰ
ܺͣһų򣡡
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֪ܺΪʲôô嶼֪֮˵Щô֪ܲ
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䣡
ײһ죬ͬʱ飬ϺɫƬ䣬˵һн֣Ȼǲʤ

ŭһһֽʱУЩϺɫƬһƬϺɫա
ͬʱˮ֮УҲһֽ𣬽ЩϺɫƬ»һƬ񷡣
Ȥؿһսû뵽ܺ͵ķȻ˾ܹȫƶֵķ
ƽ֮ͳ˴ʱѹǬ֮С
˶صɣΪʮʵصɻҪǿټǸӵһƷͨصҲ
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ڵķѾ൱һصɣռ䷨İٱټѪںϰٷְ٣ʮ
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ĵ۽Ȼܹѹסƽ֮ͳÿʱÿ̶ҪĴҪԸĻڲ
ˣܺͰԸ
ȻԸʹ࣬սȫĻԸֵģʱǶŵƵĺá
ܺͺ˵սͺԼԼΪʹʲôˮǻḡֳͬķӭȥ
ڶʿսܺͺоЩңȫ㲻ʲô
ǸǲɵӣôǸ˽ֵܣǸ˴ˣ
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˵Ҫǽֵܣ᲻Ҳ
䣡
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ࡢͳͳһƻ
ߣ
еܺŭһɫ»ˮɻܺͷƬˮ֮С
ʿ˸սʱʶǲɵӣȴһǵǿߡ
һĻҡҡͷͲ֪ܺ͵ǿ󣬻Ѱ·


349 
ܺͺսʱʶ棬ǵѪ֮ͨţٷű仯
޷ͨӰ£ܹ껺ѿѳһС飬Ѫ֮УѪͿʼת䡣
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һ½ᡢַں϶ɵͷ۷ֱ࣬ڽǵѪ֮С
ͷ۵ںϷ֮ǵѪٶȷ仯Ҹ¿ʼֱͷ۵תš
Լķܺ͸ƳԽսԽһŭ
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ſٷĴܺ͵ıʱȻͬʱԺų⻪Щ⻪յʿȫоǻͨ͸½
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Ħڭüģ˫˲ʣڵһңֱӱٴλһƬѪ
һ΢΢ЩĴڿУڴԱһöָ
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ɽ֮ϣǳأÿǳ֮жʿɽˣһռعĸۡϡ
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ǣ
һӰɽϷɳֱһǿռ֮УʥǸȥ
ֻǳɽһЩʵţֵĳԳ֣ȥ

ֵܣΪ˰㣬ɱˣǰɶˣ㲻Ӧòһ𣿡
ܺתͷԹؿ塣
ֵܾ͸иͬͬȻ㶼ΪҵɣҲ⡣
˵Żͷϵĵ۽֮УͷɳӰ֮ǰǬסĹƽ֮ͳ
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ƽ֮һɫسв
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ҲһԺ˵
˸ղűǬ֮УǼʶƷͨƷͨУҲǸΡ


350 
ͨԽʹõʱԽ
ڹƽ֮ͳ֮԰˷ųΪڵѾľҲ֧Ųסˡ
ֵܣʲô˼㲻ٰɵɣ
彫ƽ֮ͳųܺ͵ˡ
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Ļܺ;һ㶣һλĴٰɱˣôɵĻ¨Ӿͱˡ
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ٱһ
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Щαȸղǿ˺ö࣡
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ʱ򣬹ƽ֮ͷӰȻɢ
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һ֡ͽ˵ķʹָȡʱһԵܺͲŻع
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ǼȻǺֵܣȻҪиͬͬˣɱһɣɱˣɣˣ
˵Ҳֵˣôܺһɥؿ塣
㲻ֵܣƾղҪң㹻ҰˣֵܣΪʲôͻȻ⣿
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ֻҪֵ֪жҸ
ܺ͸оԼᶼҪˣоһ˻죬һᱻ
߰ɣֵܾһ𴳵ݴ½
ҿԲȥ𣿡
ֵܣҪң㹻һˣ
ȥ
ڹƽ֮ͳ֮ûãھʥʮңԶ֮УһʥǸ
ǵĵõҵǸɱ˹ƽ֣֮͵ػɱ
һУȻ֪Ҳв²⣬ҪܺʹϣܺͿ϶ж׷ɱİ취ȻǾԲɱġ
ֵܣΪǼչı׷ɱ֮øɱ
е𣬸ܺһ±
ֵ֪ʲô
ܺʹ˻һ̾ͱǺһԡ
ͱôõġֵܡֶ֪ʱҲЩΡ


351 ɱֵ
壡
ǵľˮεЦŵ
֣ǲʲôصư
ܺͺһƣһ壬̽ʵ
ʲôƣ֮ǰΪ˶Ըƽ֮ͳѾֶξˡ
ҡҡͷ¶һǵı顣
ģܺ͵ﰵһڣԸƽ֮ͳ˵ʱ򣬴ͷβɱûʹã˵ûеƣأ
֣ɱ˹ƽ֮ˣ϶ܿͻ׷ɱǣ֪㵽ʱ׼ôӦܺЦʵ
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走˭Ҫͬͬͬӻûأܺ͵Ƥϳ鴤ֱܲӰ
ܺ͸Ц˵Ǹ֣ʵأҵ֪ζʿ׷ɱ
Ŷ㻹֪ʿķ˵
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˵ؾ岻Ծؾ鱦ؾýߣݴ½ľ档
ԣûЩؾĽߣһЩǿʿʵأҲһؾҽؾ
ܺ˵˵žȻˡ
һ΢Цؿ㽨ؾԶʿ׷ɱ𣿡
ԭ˵˸߲ҵܺͣһӶסˡͷɥܣ
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ÿһؾ֮УнµıǴУǽռ˵ģЩؾһͬص㣬ͬʿ룬˰ɣ
һĨ⣬˼˵ֻҪܹһǿɽؾЩ׷ɱǵʿ޷κǣ
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ȴڰҪ㡣ͻؼˣڱӻţõŸһĴô
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ΪؾǺܶ࣬ϵĻǵùһ£ܺƲƲ죬һεı顣
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ܺڿ۵ϷһҲۻһֻ޴ƣڵĿ֮ϡ
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ܼҵȻɾȴһɣͨĲҲǼǰһܽͨѪΪɾ
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ܺںСţٶ£岻ϺЩռײţʵصɻҪǿȴҲЩ֧Ųסˡ
ͷ˿ܺʹʱɱסԴ֫ȴѾʼֽ⡣
ٵһɣ취ĿռŪô㣬㲻Ҫż
֣ҽȥɣȥġܺ޺š
ղѾˣֵĲǾմ̼𣿡ʮƽûһ˿鲨Ϊ˱ܺһ


352 ׷
ոտʼܸ󣬵ŴٶԭԽ죬ҲԽԽԶǰĴ󣬸յɫԽԽ
Ǹٶôô죿
ʮҪ۹ǰǸ飬ȴ첻
ǿռ䣬ǿռг˿ռ䷨ȫų⣬޷κη
ٶԽ죬ĵԽ࣬ҵҪ֧Ŷ೤ʱ䣡
һ˳µĺۼǰ׷ȥһﰵԷݡ
壬ҽȥɣҪˣ
ܺ͵֫ʱѾȫֽ⣬ֻʣԴ壬Ҳڲϵķֽš
һܺ͵ģҲòˣϾѰؾĻҪܺ͵İæ̫֡
һռ䷨۵˲ջأܺҲӽ˴С
֣ʵǱǸҵڲǰŷڵĿռ󣬸ղһʱ䣬ܿˡ
һϿҵǸ⣬ŵѾ˹ܺ͡
̧ܺͷһͷַڵĿռ伫ΪȻ濴ֻʮɳ̣Ŀռȴ﷽Բ
壬ңôĿռ䣬ղһʱ俪ٳģ
ڵϵܺͣ˫ۺ˫ȿһŭʵ
ûУղҾͿôһط𿴶ôطȴ˲١
ָһʮƽĽ䣬治ɫضܺ˵
ܺͿ﷽ԲĿռ䣬ٿǸտٳĵطʱһŭ
壡ʱܺ͵˫ۺ˫ѾֱָӴӵָղžǹĥҵģԲԣ
֣ôܹôңǹͬѣôܻĥ㣿ʵ̫ʧˡ
ҡҡͷ¶һʧı顣
޳ܰ޳ܣڼһһ޳ܵˡܺƿ
֮ǰ壬ټֲĶ֣ȻҲ巭ֻܰͷתһߣǡ
֣ٱ˿ٶȣҵЩ֧ŲסˡҾӦһؾһ㡣

ĻܺͷδţͲͷûκηӦ
ѽڵĿռ䣬ҸоС˵㡣֣ҪȻٳȥһᡣٰŷڵĿռ俪ٵôһЩ
Ļܺ͵һղڵĸоʵڲʲôõľɲٻζһ顣
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û⣡
ڴ˵ʮڹľ룬ֻҪʮӾͿԵ
䣡
ƿռ䣬ص֮УһƬããȺɽ֮С
֣ݴ½Ⱥçɽ̲صؾʤһһľ֮У̺һؾҲڶ࣬ǺͬҲмͷ
ܺ͵Ľܣ˵ͷ
ҲҪѾһ׷ɱˣ˵ԺҪٶҲں༸ˡʮν˵
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֣ЩؾӦôң
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һȻ죬ΧһϢͬʱһؾ֮Уڴ򿪡
ǣЩͻȻֵؾ¶Щ֮ɫ
ؾ׾ܷ֣ôЩؾֻͱѹθɾˣѵЩϵĴйأ
֣֪дˣǼһĻҲò̾
ܺҲ¶ɫؿ塣
ܺ˵ʱȷˣЩؾ֮Դ򿪣ȷǺϵйϵ
Ⱥçɽ֮Уʿʱؾ򿪣ǵ۾ʱͺˣܵǸдǿϢȴǲ
òҪЩؾ֮УȻĻԸ
˵֮󣬾ѡһؾ߶˽ȥ
֣û뵽ղžȻǣʵЩ⡣ܺͿһۣ̲ס˵
ûʲôġҺԩ޳𣬲ΪǲԲųǡͻȻԼĻȴ˭Ҳסˡ
ܺʶɨȥͷʿûľ棬׷׽ڶؾ֮С
ǲðյĻݴ½ͻȥܺҡҡͷ̾˿
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Ǹոսؾ֮Сؾ֮е󷨶ʱͱ󷨷ƯڿУۺһֲ¡
һɷ֮ϢӲ֮ɢǰеĶȫһ롣

һ죬סǵϢһͽ÷顣
ǻһʿٵؾԸ˵ûһãһƾܽؾѹɷۡ
Ǿȥһؾɣ
˵֮߶ֱӴؾз˳
˶صɵʵֵɽؾûжȤ˵ЩһöûС
ܹõĶʿ϶õǸؾʿܰѶԼõĶؾ֮С
ֽ˼ؾȴȫǵɿٵؾû취ֵʿ
ִһؾ֮ؾûκηӦǾ֪ҵһɿٵؾ
䣡
ؾƿֱӴ˳
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ţȻؾ棬˵ͦġ
ոо˵Ϣؾ֮УҲЩͷۡ
ֻǸͨһɣ˵ǸɾͲܺĶ㵽ĳɿٵؾУκβǡ
ɽĳǿԶˮⲻ˽˵ؾ൱ڶϾԷ˵;
˵ص㣬ǾǶϾ˵֮;ʿ֮ǴɣʲôɣԷҲͬô
ȿ˲һܹҵɿٵؾ
յ˸Ͻ˽ؾǲ֮ͽؾػƳ
ЩؾʿоԼؾƣ׷ͨͶӰҪ˭ǵؾ
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û취ʵû˼Ҹߣֻܼβˡ
ڸһνһؾ֮̾ͿؾϿƯŵķ
ҵˣɣ
ӡһתƷͨѩ־ʹзɳڵĴ¡
ڴʱؾ·۳ҺҺɾγһֻӨ͸ľ޴ëʡ


353 
֧ë黮һ˸Žľ޴ˡ־ͳ֮С
ˡŤΣһߴɵľӨɽɽֻһѾ˸յǰƥƣײȥ
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ľ޴ɫ΢΢תһһֱƵѩ״ִӹ֮ž޴ɽȥ
䣡
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˲ǵѪһŭٴγؾ֮С
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ոո߽ؾжʱһŭߣǸûɢȥľӨëʣٴ黮
Өë֮ͣһ޴ġ־ͳڿС
أ
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ӣ
յԺ棬ʱͷɣһ⣬ؾĳڴȥ
Ϊ磬նԼֱǾţѺɫذ׾ܹɱ
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ĻһԵܺͲ˰ۡ
ʿֻǸС㣬ҲƵġ
ǣȵҳΪ֮󡣾ͱˡѵûгΪʿ𣿡һЦݵתͷܺ͡
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յұͬ漫Ʒɱףȫѣһ졣
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һʿȻµˣҲʵû档
ԭˡʿʱ˿ֻҪֵʵǿͺá
ݴ½ʱԽʶǿԽ࣬۽ԽǵĵӾԽСʵΪϵǿʵ̫ˡ
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ѣĺǧ֦λǵؾеСӣɱšֻҪ㽫˽Ȼȥ
۵ʿ˹֣˵ͶӰ˵
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ն˵
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ߣ㱾ǰǻҪɵ֣ڲһͶӰǸûһв
ǧ֦Ժһɫ޴תһɫ׵磬ǰĺɫذȥ
Ҳһ޴ĻɫתһɽӰзɳײ֮УϵļɢǿϢһȭźɫذ׺ȥ
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λ־
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ǧ֦ǰǱɫذףֱӱɫ飬ɢ֮СǰǱɫذףҲһȭ顣
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أ
ҲûɸղǽǱɫذ׺顣
ѣȻ㲻Ը⽫˽Ǿֻܻؾˣ
ǧ֦ŭһԺɫ֮Уɳɫ磬˷ȥؾеж׷顣
ؾ˵ͶӰһȭ顣
ǣҼסˣ


354 ʬ
סΣһʿҪôЦ
Цһ¶һĲм顣
ʱһԵĺǧ֦Ҳֹͣ˹ΪؾѾȫݻ٣ֻʣزкûһв
ɱƽ֮졭
λǰƽ֮ͳɱģɱģҪҵΪɱģһҪ
ǧ֦˵һ㣬ͱܺڰĻˡ
ܺ͵ޱȣ尡壬ȻҪ㱳ڹΣ
ǧ֦üͷܺĭɵ˵š
Сӣǵܼҵ˰ɣ˵ܼһСΪ˼黫ޱȣӦþɣΪǻ˵𣿡ǧ֦Ц˵
ôͲܺһ߷ߵתָ塣
Ȼͷһ̿ı飬ʵģһС׻ƵģǸ޹
Բֱۣ쵰ˡ
̧ܺͷȥȻǧ֦һЦؿǱͺ˵̻Ҫƭǣ
ɷʣ
ϵı飬̲ܺס
ģСҲŹģڻȪ·ϸġ
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ŭһӱðŲһ̤ըѣӰҲ˲ʧԭء
߶һ١ֱӴؾռ䣬ݴ½֮С
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ڵĿռ棬ܺԶҡҡͷ˵
ܺƲƲ죺ǡʲôԵʿֻ¶ҪŭҪûӦأ
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¶һ΢Ц͵ʧԭأȭϵܺϣùǶϽۣѡ
һ֣֮µ߻λ¡
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ʲô˼ܺ͵һֲõԤС
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һŭӴһ㣬ɽ飬ؿѡ
Pܺ͵ЩɥʵͷP
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ܺͶʱͿҪˣPһֺȼޣʵܺͬɾ࿹⣬˵ǿƥ
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ͷﳤһ޴ͷļݣͷһӲĳǣ֫żצ
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ãӣ
ǧ֦ɫһ䣬Ժٴһ޴ɫ֣ɢϣֱ˵ص֮С
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ΩиùӣûʵҲûֱͨӱPУ׽£ͻѪˮ븹С
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Pһۺǧ֦ܵķ棬ֹ˼䣬ſ£Ŀ˯ڶڵķ󷨣ָš
֣۱ˣֱ̫ҪˡղҪһͻᱻͷP븹УΪʳˡ
ܺʹʱµĨŶͷϵĺˮ̲ס˵
жԸǧ֦İ취𣿡ƽؿܺ͡
ʱûа취Ҳƴǡ
׼ˣֽһĶˡܺ͵Ļɫ˵
̱ܺͣҷһ㶯ע⡣
һǿԺúðһʱˡ
ֱ˴˫Ŀǰǧ޴ʬǵģѾ
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ʬ֮ϣɢһɼΪǿϢǷմȾһ˿ֻ̾ͻᱩж
ͨʿմȾϢҲмġ


355 ʬ
ȰѺβ˦˲¡
һУǾ޴ʬϣһöָ˹С
ʶʶӿ׾ͽöָ
һӴָзɳĵرƷʯ尴һĹɣ˶ǽ֮С

еķϱ任붴ǽϵЩĵرȫųâƷʯеҲ֮л
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˵ֻʮ֮һſɿãܺ̾һȻ
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˼ת˲ͼ˳Ϊɾ֮ȡ
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󣬿˵ǱҴӺǧ֦о˴£һİֻʵôĻûˣ
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356 ɾ͵
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ʮ˲ͿԳΪɣɵΪÿһ㣬ٱһΪԭ򱶡
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ֻܳʱ䣬ʵڽΣʱ㹻ʵԡ
֣һҪȥҪʲôԼŰɣ
˵ֱ֮ӽԱһ֮Уڶڲһ󷨣Ȼ󣬵ǶԸһɻǴ´ġ
𽻯վǸ⣬µ˫ʱܺ͡
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Ҫȡҳֻܴ͹֮ιȥˣһĿˡ
ûжԥֱ̧̤͹֮С

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־һЩʿɾҵʹͿǵֱӱ
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ܺͳĬãŸЦŵʵɣҾúһ𴳵磬ҲͦõġǺǺǺǡ
𵶾һҳ֮Ȼ⣬Χյĵʱʧֻصʶ֮С
䣡
һִĻϡ
˵ĻҲʮɴϸĻȴʮɴϸǵ򱶡
ԡڻ֮Уꡢࡢɱڿٷ仯
ȱ仯ľļ׵һִɸı󣬸ǿ
ṹɳϷֱ仯ṹŻǿ˲˰ٱ֮ࡣ
仯ģ꣬Խɷ֮׳󣬲ұøӳγ͸
ڶ෨Ҳʼ仯۷ݱ壬۽໯۵ģҲȫ塣
ϵļҲŻ⣬ԭǼƷɱƷĴ໯֮һĨ⻪һƷ֮ͨ
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ϲΪɣ5Ѫ֮һ㣬ﵽ֮6ʼ
6ݴ½ǿƣʵȻѸ٣Ծ㣬ҪѰһɽҪ󣺳Ϊľ״ӡɽͨѪʱ䣺ơ


357 йٱ
õ5Ľ֮ʱ͸о֮䲻ʳڣӿϽ֮С
ԽԽ࣬ϽҲʼ𽥱仯ĿһƬ磬ͬʱһֶصϢϽɢ
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ͬʱǿһǣڵҲʼӿ
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ǿڻȪ֮Уɳһɸһĺڹ⣬ɢͳ޵ƣ˶۵ķ֮С
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ݴ½޾ÿ첻֪жʿڶɽ٣߸ո޸ִ׼Ǳ߾ʿС
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ƾڵʵҪɹɽڵ٣׾ٵ飡Ǿ͵ĺɽϣһذɣ


358 ٵı仯
ʿ۷׷ף߿еĺȴǳţƣ¶һĨмЦݡ
Сͱֳߵ츳һ·У߸ͽûκδۣȻΪΧתġ
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вʿĺĿгߺޣﰵ䣬Ȼĺɽʧܣֱ
Ҳֻ֪룬Դڵʵ޷ɹɽڵ٣ôҲͻûʿܹΪɽʿˡ
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ڿʲôüͷһ塣
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Ե˵ͷһյ˵̫ͦյģҵĴŵý֮ͨˣԺʹĵҪӾˡ


359 һצ
治Ҫ
һװģܺ͵̲ס
֣⴩ķ罫͸СܣǣҲ˷ܺЦǺǵ
ô鷳㣬ҵĿ飬ҾҪ¸ԣԲܼˡһ˵
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۽ֱӳ뷨֮֮󣬳һΣĤµķͻһۣ˵۽ϡ
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370 Ҿ
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ˣȻŸո㷨磬ڷϣ˿ȵʮʿѷɫ
ڼеͨƷͨʱýͨںϣܹԸЩɶصʿ
еķȻƴ󣬵ǷҲʮ־ңһͨڵͱĵ丵βʣ
ûʶڵϽԴԴϵṩķ򼫸ߣҲֻһ֮
ƣ޷ʣµʿɫٱ䣬ǱΪ֮û뵽ʵȴԶԶǵԤϡ
ǲĶ֣ٳˣȥλϣֻԳ֣ܹѹ˴ˣ
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ֻȺ£һǸʿУͨƻһĥеֵͳͳ顣
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˻֣ʮֲ͵˵ңΪҵĻǵҽˣǿԻȥˡ
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ϧĲŻֻҪ㽫ǽٹ˳ңҿһ̷һΪư˵
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ŭһֻƾͷųͨƣͨɫĥ¡¡ǧɽᣬȻ˿ߣˢϡ
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ͨɿֻ΢С룬Ϯȥ
̷ЦһȻǶеٮٮߣǾȻҳ֣Ѱ·
ƴĿ磬ɫ˿δ䣬Ϸɳͨƣ໥ϣһͨȻ
紵򣡡
ҲǿХϯ˿ſӭȥ
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ţ̷ɫ΢䣬ȻͨںˣһѾﵽɵĲˡ
̷ĵڶҲʼתԾһֻϺɫľ޴ЫӣͨͨƹɣηһĺɫЫβһڹ⣬
Ȼڻֳ֣ͨҵҪ㻹֧Ŷã
̷ֳŭ֮ɫͨͨʹʮûʹֻ֣ܷͨӳͨʮ֮һ
ǣ̷֪ǣû֣ͨһصصһصɣΪһαװһصɵʿ
ŭһٴηɳͨƣһγɵͨȴһβֱͬӻһˡ
ɽɣˮϵͨƻѪҺڹϵͨƻĺÿһκΧĿռ
䣡
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ȻòֻܳˣһԵĳˮüͷһ壬һҲʼת
һͨδã̷֣Щ˵
͵סǣɱ½񡣡ˮüͷһ˵
Ĺ֮Уһֻ޴ƣֻû˿Ѫ⣬һִİ׹ɣͨơ
׹Ǵûֱ幥µĴץȥҪеǡ
ŭһͨٴۻһֻ޴ƣֻ׹Ǵӭȥ
ֻƵĹһɽγɣ渲һˮЩϵͨƻƣɢǿѹ
䣡
ֻײƾУ׹ǴǷ׷ɣϢ˥䣬ͨϣϵͨƻĵҲĥ롣
ЩŹ֣ˮкһ˵
һֿʼתһֻھƴӹзɳɢڹ⣬к̲޾ռ䣬ҽддһ㡣


372 ɽͼ
һɨȥٴαͨƣһչȺɽϸ˿΢ϰϰ
ߣһΪʲôͨģأ
ˮһ޴Χĺڹɫһ𣬺һѾ޴ļҪǷֱӼ
һֱӽɫУȺɽɫͱѹ档󻭾һɫʹѣɫƬĴɢ
󻭾𣬽ֻɫȫͨγɵĻѣеĺɫҲɢ
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̷ĵֿʼתһֵĴзɳֱ׳һ޴֦ȫģһһ㡣
ЩһֶҪסɱ
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һü֮УͷɳһĻɢһƵͨƷ֮ͨɽͼ
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˵ͷһ˴УȻٴνұչء
󣬴Ծɱ֮ǰٶȣľʹķǰ

һ޴Ĺ֮УһĵĿıֻת
̷ͳ°ȫɱˣ
ޱȾ޴ĵͻȻ۾˵
˭ȻҺɳԣ
޴ĵһСȵŲصʱѾͳ졣
ҵҪ˭ҵӡ
üϸ֮зɳһ̣Ľ£һöƷʯ֮ϣ̹âһʹλʧԭء

ھ붫ǳһƬɣƬϵȺһ㣬ֲǳ֮У޷ܲ޺
޺ڶຣóһ޴󷨣޺ģһһĵ졣
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ճϣһҪԳ֣ʿкһɱʢ
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˵ʮصɵֻ޷Щ˽ǣôĸɵ䣬޷ԻԪˣб̲Σա
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ʿػճѾȥͬʱҲӵ⴫
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373 һ
֮УɽںϷྲϥһ档
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ܿѹе˼պ취з࣬ʱɽ編ȴҲǹá
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Ӹһ֣̺俪գʶ̽ǿռһɨһöƷʯ£һ˸ٴʧԭء
ǿռУһ״Ŀۣռһٸȥ
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ճŭһ֮ͨУɳͨƣһ׹Ǵ󽣣ն¡
ϷƬռʱ飬Ǳ׹Ǵ󽣸ոսУſռ飬׹ƬĴɽ
ճŭһԺһֿתͨƷɳһƿƿڳ壬ɢҪУɻҡ
ЦһϷĿռһ۵ãǹɾ޴ͱתƵճϵϣճַ
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ôպٲҪȥݷһˣûȤͨӡ
һ̤Ѿ˴С


374 ɾ
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СȻޣȵץס㣬ὫƤɾŭȵ
走ֲţ׷ôʲô㵱׷Ŷûôɣ֪˲Դôʮֲˬ˵
޵ĵ˲£ǶȻޣȻ쵰ӸЩʲôɾ˵һ룬Ȼŭ

ҪǸˣͲҪ׷ˣһŭ
ɾһȻҪǸ˾ͱܰҪǴ㣬͸գ
һսɾȻѾԼԺ󣬶Ĵ̼ϰΪҲԳޣԳӡ


375 ľʹ
ܳ׷ңͲɳ˸ˣ˸һһӰ
ֻҪܹ£õöӡҵʵ¿һɳҲ׾ٵ顣
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ݣҪٽ׷ᣬҪ취ɵˡʱžͳ˹Ѹͻб˯ţӡˣжûУ
쵰ȥ
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ٴδֵʱңԶһø߲֪С
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ÿһƬҶϣһƬ½飬˽ʿݷз˸֡ǿɱ
Ķˣһ﷽ԲĹϣӹ֮зɳƣƷֽ⣬ֻһööġ
ЩƮҶ½ϣЩڣɵ;
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Сӣǰľʹأûеõû취ͨˣ
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ݣҸ㣬ұĿɽľ棬ҪǸҶңľͻһ㡣
һܣһвݵ
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ľĿɽֻҪպľ֪ܵһܿԽռľ룬ֱӽֺαܵľʹ
ȻѾܹǿɾҪֻ»ҪѲʱ䡣
žԽԽҲܸܵϸ֮еǿɫƣҲԽ
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ڲϵ˲УɾľʹԽԽǿҲԽԽѾܹҶ½ЩĿ
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⻪һɾ̳ԭأȻ֪ľʹ̫һСľ״͵ľʹУǲò
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ܵڶɢǿϢɾɫʱЩףû뵽Ȼ˲Ƶľʹĵˡ
쵰˾ȻҪҵ汳
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ɾðͨƣЩƷɿĹᣬγһͻʹĽɫ档

ɫȻһѷ죬ȴҲǱ󵶵Ĺ
󷨹£ɾȥֻͨԵУΪѪֻͨ֡
ȻͨûѪʵ̫Сû취ֵЩ󷨵Ĺ
۵Ĺ£ɾĽɫܿͱ飬ȻһƷ֮ͨģ͸ղɫȫһǵͨ͵֮ͨ
Ʒ֮ͨʱڣɾܹ֧ȥ
ڶ۵ĹڽɫϣɫöݣҲҿ⻹ľʹΧһЩɾ֧Ųס
ڶ󷨹µʱҺƣڿۣһͨͨĳ


376 
͵һ˲䣬ɫеɾ̾͸оһΣյĸоӿͷ
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ڵϣ˿û˼һ̧ϵͨƱһɫĥҪѹ


377 ʵ
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Աһʿһ˵仰Ȼ˵ЦıʵЦ
ȾƣȾƣνҶѹϰˣһҲνһݰףüĿЦ˵
Щ˲ϰ߰ÿ˶ʦؿڴϵʱѹҲ£Ա˺ǺЦ
走ǴϣǴϹ쵰ܲ˵ȫƣǸŭ˵


379 ʮɴֵĻ
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382 ɱľ
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ȻѾʼľ洫ڵַÿһ編ĳޣࡣ
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ȺҪԸ壬С֮ǰǣҪܵӦˡֻ˵
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Цһ壬ΪƨǾͻŹ㣡
ҪʲôľʹʦɾͷϣԳ֣Ͳʦͷ𣿡ɫ΢䣬һؿʿ
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ԭ΢΢Щĵʱ׷ˣһЦؿ塣
Сӣʦǽ̽㣬ʲôľʹĹأ


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⺢ȻЩưҲǺܿ㣬ȴԼļ֣˵Щ飬ϲܷľҡҡͷ˵
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Щ֮˵꣬ܵظٻԶظ֮УЩԸظĹ꣬ţͷͺڰ޳ץ
ˣȻ޾Ų֪ڵ飬ظҲֻǾʮʱ䣬Ѿܹȫƹܡ
֪ǰƻ̷飬ڶӭӡ
йٻƻظӭʥݽ٣
ڵظдʱԽڵظʵԽ˽⣬ƻжԽη
ƽɣ
Цŵͽȫ
˴֮Уλ£ƻһ㡣
½ͻȻˣʲô飿
λϵ壬ƻСʵ
޸ղͻȻоڼޣҪްɹʮ˲ƻΪ޸ô裬һڣʵ
ƻһᣬʵ£¶һ䣬ڱ¿ô
һڵ΢ɳһԵĶ۷֮У͸оڹϽƿ΢ǿһЩ
дô
͸Щ˷ܡ
£ȻдôǾͱҪǸ֮ӦǣǾԲܰҪҪΣƻһĨ⡣
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£ȫӦҪ󣬾ͻں¡Ƕ󣬱Ҫۿۣ֪󣡡
˵ͷ˵
ͽҪҪۿۣЩͽˣҪܵͷǲŻ¡ԣΪӦüӴЩͽˣԳɡ
üͷ΢΢ҡҡͷ
׷ܹͽϸϸһаҵģ͸ôҵģܳͷⲻǶԣ
ԣƻæһ˵ϣͷ亹
һʱʧԣˡ
˰̸ֻ֣ۣԡղ˵֮·ȻаǶ޵ҲЩɣ
˵ƻŸվһԵ£Сʵ֪ܵʲô
ղ˵ĺܶԣҪһ㣬ôͱҪΣӽ쿪ʼظֻҪһ£Ǿǹ
Ļһ䣬ͷϷͳһңдĸ֡ĸִŹâҫظ
˵ģҲ޷ȫ㣬ǣϴ󲿷ˣҪȴضһ
ڵ磬ǿʳЩСʿͨ˵Ҫġľǹ޾͸ǹҲҪƫ̻κˣֻҪ仹ôһǴޣ
˵Լ뷨оĵʵ뷨
£һĻЩǿʿֻ²°ƻЩĵ˵
ΪǲǾͻ𣿻ƻЩʵǿʿǴǳУҷ䷸ҪؽͱҪɵ⡣


391 ǰ
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ɵһǿʳ磬ǿռԴ£Ÿߵľ
ЩǿʿǸһĴֻҪܹ֤Լ棬ΧжС
ɵȴǡǡ෴ҪɾͱõͼݣҪõЩͱҪӡ
һ磬һṹܵĹңֻҪվ˵Ǹûô綼ᴦϸ̫ƽ
ھģܹվĶˣǰ򣬽ϵɵ硣
ƻظִƣϽڲ֪ڵ飬ᣬҶֻһҪ󣬹תͷŻƻɫȻ
·ģһ߾ȫõظΪһ֮ƻ
˵ͷǰһȹţһ»صľʹС
ڵظϽһɽϣһݳ޵ĹһԲʿʵʮǿڸǧķΧڣĸ֡
ʿΪǣʱƫмһλдšλ˸֡
ֻĹһϣλͷݣȫһԲʿǺͨŮûʲô
һߵţһߵ˵Լϵı鼫Ϊϡ
ڵͻƵɵʱ֮Ȼ޾ڹ⣬֣û೤ʱ䣬پͿʼ仯
Ȼ󲿷ʿ֪ô£һЩƲԭ֪ؼ³һյȨʮ־޴
Ǿ֮һõһżиְܵĽܣٳͶƵı仯ƲµӦڵظ
Ȼ֪ʲôλǺܴȼݵظӶۡ
Թǵʣ˵ʮ˲ʮ˴ɢٶһߵظĳ֡һᡣ
ʮ˲ӦùظϽܣֻҪֺʮ˲⡣ʱͿԾţ̥ǣɳΪˡ
˺ܳʱ֮󣬹Ƕûеõκλظ
µӦòǶۣһ֪ܹܲܵʮ˲
΢΢̾һʹӴָóһλ׼ŵλ档
ǶۣҲҵ۵λΪǵظλ۶Ķͷ˾ˡ
ûȹǽµλ£͸оԼʶУͻȻ⣬ڽУһģӰ
֪ظǹ֮˾Ͷְ֮ҪõôȴǲҪƹ
һϵڹǵԺȻûȹǷӦʧʲôûһ㡣
⡭۾ȻĽˡ
һŵı顣
󣬹ǵɫһ仯ܿ죬ıͱüᶨ¶Ҫĳ顣
û೤ʱ䣬ǾʹһۣͨŸĳǳطȥ
һΣûǳصͳ߳ӭӣڶǵȺϢĽ˳ǳ֮С
ǳ֮󣬹Ǿһٽֵ棬ʼԼһѧǳЩͨա
ЩмİգǾǻָЩƶİգǾͽһ֮Щ츳ĺͯǾָ
ÿһˣǶҪ֮Ϊ۵ķԸ
Щõǰˣ˸мӹ֪˶۵֮󣬷׷ڼ˹ǺͶ۵λݡ
ǲ꣬ÿվСаˣƽˮȴС
ڸ֪Ժж֪֮ʲôȻ֪Σգпɵͷע⣬ȴҲûгֹ
ΣһҪߵһһЩһЩû̫
ݴ½֮
ˮ䣬һͷһͷĴںϣúߵĿռ䶼΢΢ЩŤһʿվֻ˲ͻᱻ顣
˿ݴ½ѷɫڶ֮УŶ緱ǵĵ죬ЩС顣
ںˮеĺޣǲ
ݴ½ߵһϿ֮Уһ޴ˮȻʱԵЩưܣˮǾװκ͵̣ʾˮյĻԻ͡
ˮ棬ʮûлεϺзųĶУˮѲš
ֻǵı鿴ģҲЩήңûһ㾫ͷ
ԴӵȥǵӾԽԽѹˣǰȻ踮۸ˣǲȥˡ
һϺ˻ֻЩ߷߲ƽ˵
ʲô취ΪٵԳ֣˸ɵھֻʣһصΪǺɵĶ֡
ԱһзһݣΡ
ٵ˵Ҫǲôǿĵˣǻֺڵزк޳Թ
ʵڲеĻӾȥͶ踮˵ĳһǰ̡һ㾫߷߲ƽ˵
һȺСһѲߣһߵ̸š
ˢ
ˮһӰһ۵Ӿͳ˻Ϸ
壬ǧˣ㻹ûз°
ƣ̾һ޴ˮȥ
ߺˣ
ЩѲߵϺзܿͷӣΧ˹Ǿ֮ɫ
Ǻǣҵ˵ĸˣҹӭӡ
ΧϺзûжŭЦ˵
ߣǵûֵܣ֣ȻҵһðֵܣһֻϺֻһ죬ŭ˵
ֻϺĺǳ⣬ɫһȻһŨ
壬ҽ㣬ӭҵģ
һΧΧЩϺзʱͱѹڵأá
ܵǿʱҲæˮз˳¶ŭ֮ɫ
ĸһҰ
ֻɵĴԴӶзɳһһϣףǰȥ
ǵĵأôûг
ֻԷɳŭɫ
ȻǵģǿЦڣЩСһ
һֻԿг˱ߡ
ղŵĻʲô˼
ֻԵĻɫͻ䣬ͻȻһɲõ뷨
ʲô˼ȥ
ֻβཻðɫһѾ޴ļ£ƴ


392 Ǭ
ɫŭһƤϸƣһֻ޴Ľɫצ
䣡
һǿ𶯣ֻԱֻɫצװ˺ס
Է׵ɳúˮûȴʼ޷ֻ޴צ
ңôˣ
һӣЩˮеɳ׷׳ǰɫʵ
˭֪֪ôˡһ鷳ֱӶ־ǣֺαĽڣһǿ̧ͷʮӲ˵
ܾǵôˣ
ʱ˲͵
ʲôǵֳ
ĻԶʱסˣĶͣһ㵵ؿ
ôˣŭȵ
Ϊٵ𣬱˵ɱһƤǣֻⶼ˳ˣ
˵˵ţԺһǾ޴ۿӿ
ʲô
в²⣬Ϣ̲֮סһ
˭˭ɱܣҪѪծѪ
˫Ŀͨؿԣҧгݵ˵ܵЩˮʱʼҶ
˱ߵģЩšǰǿޱȵʿǵֳ
뵽ǵﲻܹͶֳ£ǽĴҪࡣ
ˣ˵Ǳһʿɱһæ˵
͵תͷͨ˫Ŀʿģ
ǲ֪Щ˵
֪ɱûܱҲͰˣǾȻȥﶼ֪˻Żʲôã
ĻץסԵֻɫצȻʼץԵ忪ʼΣһѪۡ
ˣǡ˵Ǭ̫ӡߵñȽϽ֪ȥˣ
ֻԱɫצץס˵
ߣ
⻰ŭһֻɫצɢ
ɫצų֮ĴԾͻ۵ߡһվǰ
ȥǬǸ㣡˵
ǣˣ
˽ǿռУǬٸȥ
֮ǬϿա
ռ䱻ƿɳӰΪ׵һŽɫ۵ӡɫ۵ߡ
ƿռһ˲䣬ռ䲨̾ͱǬڵ˾ಶ׽Ǭػʿӣ̳
ǬֱӴǿռڴ˵أλ̽䵽棬ǵļ飬򡭡
ЩʿӰں֮̾һʿͨԼңң˹ˡ
룡
ɫ䣬ŭһһֻ޴Ľɫצ˲ͽЩʿ롣
ʵǿ߾䣡
ĳǬĹ̾ͱЩ
û೤ʱ䣬Ǭ޷źһ˹ܵǿѹ޷ɫʱһ䡣
֪ǰ٣ղ˶еǰ
һߵǰ޷̾͹һϵ˵
޷ģʿһǵĹصʵܹǹ˹Դӵʵжǿ
˭Ǻ㣿Ŀɨʵ
ǿʿᵽԼ֣ʱһ
Ŀε˲Ͳ˺ټղźͺ޷һʱȷݡ
Ǻ㣿۾΢У˸Щɱ
ǰ֪Ȯʲô飿
޷΢΢ǰ˺֮䡣
ǵǬɱ㲻Ӧøһô
⻰޷עŴƿע⵽ߣ˵һ˲䣬޷ɫʱͱˡ
˼תֻ˲䣬޷ǰĿġ
˵Ӻɱܵѣʵ
ǣǰҽͣǺֻһ֮Ե
΢΢ֹ̧֣ס˺޷˵Ļ
˵ЩûȤֻ֪ȥˣĿź㡣
΢Ĭһᣬڵʹȥľʹ·Ӧȥľʹˡ
ľʹߣɱܣľҲס㣡ߣ
ŭһߣתԶȥ
뿪޷һʱһȫɷɵľ޴
޴צ£˲䱻һѪβͬʱһɨʱͽǬɨƽ
޷Ҫӣһֻ޴צ£ϡ
Ϊʲô㲻˵ֻ롭֪塭ô
޷翴ԶӰǱ֮ɫ
ֻ֪ȥˣҲû˵ǣ˵ʲôﱻɱǾȫøᣡ
أ
צ£޷ҲһѪ
ǬŰǬ˷档
ӵظ֮͸оԼľ˺ܴı仯ҵԼԺҪߵ·
̾ľҪҵҺӦ
û⣬˻Һ֮⣬ҪҺĻҪĻ֣
ڼľΪ֮ľ̾ʹӦˣǽȴЩ̫һ
֣ʵΪ˽㣬ҪҺȻ˼Ҫ֣һ޷޲ƽ˵
źܸжҪҺӦĻҪĻ֡ľ̲˵
ʵ̫ˣҪҽ㣬ȻҪʵ˵ôСô澳ģ
ľûԿڵҪûֻ֣;һִһǽпսԼȥɣ
ιʦʦι
ľ˵֮ƾκҲκλӦ
ҪٵĻֻȥŪˣ
ңŶٻٻһ˹ȥ
ľʹԱߣһһ̨̨沼Сͤľʹ;
Ͷٻٻ̨ߣȥҷĵط׼񣬻㹻Ļ֣Ȼһ۷塣
û߳Զͷǰһ޴̨Ӱսϸϸȥȴܡ
ϸһ̨͹е̨ȫһʱףӦþľʹڶӽпսĵط
Ͷٻٻո߹̾ע⵽
ǲôˣǲϴαͷܵ˺ˣ
һǵһҽУǸϣҪҽеôҵĻҶ˼ˣ


393 ս
Ŀؿ壬˶ļ¶Ц
Щʿļüëһɿٻٻڵ˹һ硣
ģղŻǼʿɫʱͱûһԵͶȥȵĿ⡣
ֳʵɲЩ˿ӦģҲֻӺԱǼˣܹס
һʿǰͣ£帩壬Ŀض
壬ҪʲôʦǴľʹһڲ˽սѵ㻹Ҫٱʦͷһ𣿡
һԵӿ壬ȵ
ԣ壬㲻ܶҶ֣ȻΥʦһܵʦĳͷġǸӵʿæӿ˵
ǣ岻мһЦֱʿģģղҲңιıӵ˰ɣ
˵ŻתͷһԵӿȥ
壬ãҵսûзֳʤǾÿսһ£
ӿĿУ͵رս⡣
Щ˻ǲҪ챻ҴǸȻ˵ûзֳʤӣǡ񹦡ɣƲƲ졣
塣Ȼ˵ұʦϢѹƣռˣἰ챩飬Ӷʱŭ
Եʱ򣬸ղűѹȵǸʿʱҲһȣоղűıȳʵǶ֮
壬˼תܿ뵽һһİ취
壬Ȼ㲻ҸʦֽпսҲҸҽһս
ʿĻΧȫЩȵؿȻǺܲԸʵȴĿõģȻս壬ⲻԼŰô
ܵΧ˵Ŀ⣬ʿɫ˿δ䡣ֻһƵؿ壬ȴĻӦ
СӸղŻŵҪôͻȻõˣ
Ȼֱս壬Ҳ̫֪ˡʦƨҲĵİɣ
ˣֲų׸ս壬ԭĵ
ųһ侲ޱȵı飬һʿ˼Ƭ̣һȻ˵
ʲô֪ͻȻʵԭˡ˵˵
԰˵˵׵ʲôս塣
ΧߵˣǸʿ΢΢һЦ˼ƣŻֻעʵǿ󣬵ȴһ飬ܵʵǹ̶ģܹõģֻսɡ
ʿĻΧʿ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
пսʹõÿһ߿ܣʵȫͬģȻЩĨƣӡͨĿܲڴС
ӻдʦȺӢʹõĿִܶģ̺óķͨԶͨܡ
Χ۵Щʿ֮ǰϰԵýھӢȺУȴ岻ոż꣬ԼĿܡ
׺սĻɻʹͨÿܣΣȫսˡ
׵ҲвСĻʤʣֲøս塣
ΧʿۣҲ׸սԼԭ΢΢˵ͷ
ҽҪ׬ȡֵģ˵սҲлֿ׬ȻҪͻ֣ȻҲƴǡ
̨Աߣһ赣渡ֳһпսĹܡ
սΪ֣һͨÿսڹкͶٻٻеģһ͵ս
ͨÿܵս˫ѡȡͨÿܣȻźù̶ս˳֮ÿһ̨ս
ʤĿܿԼս״ָ̬ȫ״̬
ֱһĿȫսܣսŻ̨пܵһʤ
һ־רսЩӢӵ淨ʹԼִĿս൱Լķսһʤ
ս˫óʮ֣ʮֹʤУսʤ֮󣬾Ϳȡֵ
ÿµʮţĲͬÿʿõͬĻ֣һÿ²ʮ֣һÿµĻȴǧ㡣
ղѾɨ赣Щȫ
׵ǵʮֻҪܹսʤÿ¾ܹõٵ֣ṩԴԴϵҺÿҲֻҪʮְˡ
ĿЩͨÿһɨһӣܷɵС
սܵķֱǷ硢ꡢɽľ
ҲܿѡսܣתͷһۣȻеһӵ̨֮ϣһֻ޴İ׺ף΢΢ȶų
΢΢һЦҲеķϵսӵ̨֮ϣܾһʹõĿܣ롣
һâˣǴư׺׻Ǽ룬ǷϵܣܵķʲôģȫǺư
⼸뵱ʱͬһˣսΣҪ˸Եսˡ
ʦ֣Ϊ˭ܹʤ
ɣʵôǿս׵뷨ͦãҹƺʵ֡
ҵǿóףϾľʹˣǽпսḻܹȵġ
ڹս۷׷׵ʱ̨Ϸ赳Ѫ̨Ҳ˹֣档
ն
ָո𣬳̾ͲٿŴư׺ȹ׺ֻ޴չðϵһɫâ
ˢ
ư׺׻һӰżȥ
һվԭأûпĴư׺ס
սʿһĻһ̾ʵȻǿ󣬵ڿսϣһ񰡣֪ռȻ֪
ڴư׺׾뼲뻹мԶʱ򣬼ض˫һ񶯣һɷ籩Χż벻ת
ͻȻֵķ籩Ӱ£ư׺׵΢΢һ٣ͬʱͷ­ҲЩߡ
ˢˢ
ѩ׵ĵֻư׺׾ͱж˲ӡ
󣬼ֻۺϷһƬƬⲻֻ˲䣬ԭڳĴư׺ףͱʬ
ڴư׺ռȻ֮󣬳׵Ͼ¶һ˿Ե֮ɫڼʹ÷籩ʱɫ΢䡣
ʱư׺ױʬϵıһƬ͡
ǳףսʿʱҲЩӦˣ
۴ķ˵ȫĿܣȻգۼͷֳʤѵսɵĲ֮ô
ӿĿУЩɵ֮ɫҪпսδؾû۸ûо뷨
ǣʱ֮Ѿȫû뷨ܹóսɾԲҪǿһЩ


394 ʤ
̨ɢһصİ׺ʬ飬һ⣬ɳ̨䵽˳׵ϣһĿܡ
ˣȻˣ
еİ׺׿ܣ׸оһЩӦû뵽ͬʵ£Ȼһɱˡ
ֻǵһҴˣҾͲһҲܹɱҡаԷݵ
ҲԼҲûע⵽Ѿһֿ־塣
һֽ̧һӵ̨ϣ󷨵Ӱ£ҲǷɿ仯һ˴ĳ䡣
ô
Цһ뱳һ񶯣ʱͻһӰųϮȥ
βһβǸ׳Ľɫ͵żȥ

ӰзɳǸɫϣʱͽķɡ
ǸɫЯľ޴Ҳü΢΢һ٣ٶųȥ
䳲
ͨƴӳڷɳһɽɵľ޴䳲żӭȥ
ţѧˣȻһʹͨˡ
ɳĽ䳲һ̣Ц˵
ȻױϲԸϣѾףĶ֣ĿѾǻʤǲһܰ
һˣͬʱһ⣬޴Ľ䳲֮ϡ

һڽ䳲ϣײ
ֻҪ䳲Ӵ̾ͻᱻУ޷Լֻһ߹һߺˡ
ܿ죬ͱ䳲Ƶ̨һ䡣һ֣Ҳûκ·
ֻʹͨˡ
ʹ̫ͨ࣬Ϊһսǣ岢ʹͨ
ǣȴͨӲƴ֪Լ䶨ˣ̫ѿ
ƴĸܡȻܣһܺɨȫ

ӿϵͨƣסһɫ󵶣˲ʧԭء
ȵٴοʱѾվ˳
أ
޴Ľ䳲ʱ飬ɢҲʬ壬̨档
һĻ׵˿ûɫһѾϵˡ
ʹ֮ͨ󣬼ڵѾ˴룬壬һ䶨ˡ
һյı飬ĵӵ̨ϡ
ܸһӴ̨̾ͻɫĴӣûпġ
ֻһͽնϣڵϵЩŤܿ
һĻ̷˫񶯣һɷ籩ƾЩµ˿ڡ
Щ˿ںܿ츴ԭȫûܵһӰ졣
һҪˣȻǿȫǵ幥ΨһķΧһûٹķ籩
ڰٽ֮󣬸޷ҳǼֿܵĿǡ
ڰڵ״̬Ȼܹܺõر壬ǱҲ״̬ҪһΧ˲ͿԽֻϧûзΧ
ڶʿۣһ߿żնЩһŽİ취
Χô
Ȼһճ⡣
أ
ײʱ飬Ƭ˷ȥ
ʲôҲУ
Щ۵ʿһȵؿһĻû뵽Ȼķ
ЩľʹӴûӡķȻá
ÿ˶˼ʮϰַ;УҪ飬ںʵʱͷųȥͺˡ
ͷŷѹû
ʱʩչǸоԼ˼·һӿݸַʩչʽ
ĵƬĴ裬̨ȫǣЩ׷ױնϡ
أ
һƬ̨֮ϵЩʱɫɵ˳׵У»ܡ
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岻ɫһŲһСƺʵʦ֣ȷβСܣС
ȻСȫǵһʶȻСΧʿҲȫܹ

ƺˣľʹĵҲһЦ
壬Ҹƴˣ
˫һ죬һ˾˹
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⻪һֱӱ½ҿ۷ɹȥȷɵ۵ԱʱֱӾͶ㵽ҿ۵档
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398 
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ɾ壬¶һ˿㣬˾صСӣҪɵˡ
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Ҫȥɾ۾ȻһŵؿһĻͺ񿴵һɫݣͷϽڵĵó޾ϵ˫۸
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ԶȥͿɾһƯ֮УûһϢ
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ʲôҲûɰҸղžҲа߷߲ƽ
ʦܣĿۣǼ·
½ûֱӶһԵĺ۷ɷԸ
½ʦ֣Ժʦ˵һЩڶû˿ռ䷨ʵһӲ֪˶٣˺ʦ֣С㷭塰ġѵ
Ļ½Ǻ۷ˣɫ΢䣬ʲôûзһ
壬˵ʲô۷ɳŭ
¶һεı飬Ĭߵһߡ
½ʦ֣ҡ۷ɸҪ½ͣͱִˡ
ʦܣ˵ˣ㡣ˣǻǿ̰ɣ
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ֻ˵ﶼף֮ĹϵѾһΪ΢Сѷ죬ȻǸղŬ޲ǵѷȴδʧ


399 ħ
ԶȥĿۣЦһ߶󣬸ȥ
½ղһƾͽɾˣȻǿռԭ򣬵ǿʵҲɼһߡ
½ּɾķ磬ɣӶ磬ľʹɾʿУҲ㲻ʲôﰵԷ
½ʵȻͬȾ£ڼҲΣӶ־ͿŰ
ǣʵû½һʵɾǿߣܽӡ
һ£ʧȥ˿ռ䷨½񻹲ҵĶְ
¶һ˿Цݣ
ɾ֮һ·Ͼûгκ⣬һµʱ䣬Ǿִеص㣬һռĹĳǳء
ǳزĳһСڣǳУڵڡ
ڵϲ˼ĳǳأݴ½ȴǱȱȽǣֻһСͳǳأǳض㲻ϡ
ϾɽʿһȺģһǳصҲһʮּ򵥵顣
ھǳʮ֮⣬һѣзɳһҴ͵ĿۣĻмС͵Ŀۺһ޴
ǴľʹҴҸһˡ
˿ۣľʹһ˾ͳ˿С
ִеص㣬ǰǳأ˵ǳ֮С½һЩؽı滹ת
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һԵĺ۷ɽӿ˵Ŀľʹӵɨ
ˣӦ

ź۷һӣڶľʹӺܿͷֺ飬һǰǳطȥֻʣ塢ٻٻ
֮ǰǵͷ֮ĺɽҲһ뿪ˣϾҲΪ½򲻿ܵġ
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ղǳĵطǳزǼʮľ룬ֻǻ˼ʱ䣬ͶٻٻѾɵǳصϿա
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νѾȫ̴͵׼Ͻ½һѡ
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ˣڵϵЩ֮УҲûзκ쳣Ͽȫһͨĳǳء
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ΪһʿȻʮҪ֪غռķϾԺҲõõ
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Ǵ㳡ϣۼȺȺм䣬ľͷѻһԲ̨Բ̨棬żŮ
Բ̨ǰһ׷վоŻѣָǼŮŭš
Ǽ֪ߵغСȻΰ񣬾ȻҫﲻˡֻһϴˢǵС
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ŷС
һĻ㳡ϵȫ˷ܵغ
ۣ
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ʲôˣ
׷߻Ĺˣŭȵ
ʱ򣬿лһһŮӰͶٻٻ
ˣ׷˫һɣŭȵղŵĻǲŪģôĵӣȻҲһǵʥͲ񷣣𣿡
񷣣ǣλֻ涼¶ɣЦһǲмɫ
½λɾǿڳ⻢ֻҪǸ¶ͷӭľǿ籩Ĵ
壬Բ̨һ۾˲һæɾȾǣǷǸʿֻҪ־ǣǾͽϢ㣡
ĻǸ׷ɫһ䣬ŭ죬⼸СɱˣǱ¶˵ټ
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ϣ
Щ˫Ŀͨ죬鼤ߵˣüͷһ壬ŭһ
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ǰ⼸Сߣػˣ׷ŭһȥ
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400 
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֮ǰڵϵִᣬݴ½֮ɵ磬ţһ硣
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;϶ᵮһͬ磬а;ɻһڰŤ磬ұҪȫգа·
Щһȣ嵽ǰԱʿһĨ⡣
һᣬϵƷɳЩʿΪȫ޷ԱֱӴǼŮȥ
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˼˼飬оûʲô⣬ڼո˵½ܿ˾
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Ϊ׵ǸӴһ¶֮ɫûһ˿Ҫܵ뷨
еľȣŨɫâ˲䱬ɢһƬƹ򣬽ľʹڶʿȫ档
ȫоһͻȻǧɽˣڵǿʼ鴤
ľʹʿڣϷɳƣҪſΧĻƹ⣬ЩƸһͱΧĻƹ𣬻𲻵ʲôá
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һ˵ţһ߿ʼʹͨΧðͨƣΧĻƹԱˡ
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½ô֣Щʿô½ŭ
ʵЩͨʿĹ嵹νܹĶ˵½ˣȻŹᡣ


401 
Ȼĺľʹڶʿ½˿ȥͿվգؿǼʮʿǣһҲûгֵ˼
ľʹڶʿȻ˵ʲôѾ̲ס¶Щŭ֮ɫ
λʦʦټһᣬһͻ־ǣ
½ͷҲûأһ߶ʿһ߿ڰľʹˡ
Ǹӳֵÿһ½˸˷ܵĹâʲô˲õĶһ
½Ǽڸʲô
һѾʯһֻ첲ľʹʿҲ̲סķŭ˵
ƺһ½ˣٿһǼʮʿ΢˼һ󣬺ܿϾ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
Ŀһȴûа׵˵
ڲ׼˴ͨ
½һ֮۾һУ˵
ͨ
Ŵԣľʹ˾һĬȻ½˵ÿ˵ȴ½˲һС
Ϊ˴ͨðΣǳ׺˵ġ
֪ͨһʿжҪȴ޷ܱǵðա
ʿʮ㷨֮󣬾ͿͻƵɾ磬ɾҪĲǷ磬ͨ硣
֮ͨУӡǡ㹻ܹĳһӡȫĻͿԴһͨ
ΪؼǣֻԼܹͨѪΪɾɾᣬȻѧϰ˵ͨԶ޷Ѫġ
Ҳ˵һ޷ԼͨĻôһӵĳɾ͡ҲͽֹʮˣܳΪɾ
ǽֻǲӡǵĻ޾ۣɾʿôˡ
ǣɾʿȻ٣ȴԶԶûﵽĵĵز
ͨеӡǣǴھֹ״̬ģʱܱһƴͨ
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½˵κʿĽ֣ǶѵһĻԵ
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ݡ
һɫЩϣʯһɫʯڵϣˤ÷顣
½һһӣϵͨƷɳγһһ֮г˽ȥ
ЩɳĻɫֻҪһӴ̾ͻᱻϵͨƽ÷顣
½棬ȥ˿ûǵ
֮ǰҲִйνǼȻʵʵߵҲͨɾصʵ
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עǵ壬Ȼǵı۵ס
֪ʲô壬ܹܲ½ϣҪʧ
һ߰˼һߴŶٻٻзȥ
ж۷壬Ͳ壬˾ֱʹλײˣ˭λߡ


402 Թ
ܹλѹƶ۵ģҲͽļλɲΪǼλֵ߳ʱļλɵۻûзӦ
λʹڱηӹɵ۵
֮΢΢һ㶣ڲе㲻һ
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ΧҪмִ֧ͭŸ߸ߵ񷶥һпׯϴ
ǣǰⲻ֪쵽δͨڱ׷ɱʱû취Ū
ǰ½ˣʱվڴܡ
ȴʲôװζûУֻһûκװεͨδ֪Զ
½ʦ֣ǽӦô
ȫ½Ȼʧȥ˿ռ䷨ʵ֮УȻǿģȻⲻû֪ʵ塣
ܵ˵Ŀȫϣ½ֱǰǽȥ
ȻǸŪһͨǾƫƫͨ
ϵͨγɵֱӽ½ǰͨ飬½ʹ˿˲Ƶǽڡ
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ʱָܹԹܹһٽȫݻ٣ǻпܱ
ʱȳȥ
½ҲüͷʱҲоЩԾˡ
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ЩɫһԵǽϣγһ֮ţֹǽٴθԭ
ǣЩǽڵĸԭ̫ǿ֮ŵúСҲܹӻǽڵĸԭٶȡ
ʮľ֮֮ͨ½ûٳ֣һԵĺ۷ɳִݻǽڣ֮š
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ɲͨǽڣһǽڣǿɼһߡ
壬Ҳֻ̾磬ҪڵΪ̫ͣûȥȵﵽΪʱʵǿ
֮󣬾ЩɼʿǺҲǿһǽڣΪ½ȡһЩָʱ䡣
һ߻ˮһа˼Ǹ壿һԹסǣʵ̫Цˡ
Թסǣ˫ƴģһ֧Ųסһͻʧܡ
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ڷͨ⣬ζҪָֻʯ͵ҩǸڰǿ֣Ȼǻָᡣ
鿴һԼʶϸţһȫͨӿķˮȫû˵ķͨ赲
ѽֻôʱ䣬ϹˣҵҪɾͽˣǼ˵ֵܵһǳ˵ʵ̫˷ˣ
ʱһֱǴߵĸŮУǸ߸Цſ˵
ðŨǿϢ֮ǰǸףҪǿ֪ٱͨһɾ
ԭˣǼǹǹģֲҸоЩԾܸоεʵ̫˳ˣ
ǸɢŨϢĸ߸꣬½û¶ŭ֮ɫ
˵úͿ͸һƵġҪ͸оԾᱻǹԹҵͽɣ߸Цһ½˹
Ҫǲôܹ
½Цһ˲ʧԭأȭһӡǸ߸ȥ
ʱ½һÿ˶ܹϸܵһɲӣҪֱƶˣΰݲơ
أ
߸ðһɫĹ֣½һӡ֮ǰֻǵֵ˲䣬漴ͻƬ
һвӡڸ߸ϣ˲ͽ÷飬һҲ½ʣС롣
ɱ˸߸֮½ĿתƵϣô֪˭еļϸ
½˵Χľʹȫǽ䱸ؿ
½ʦ֣ʲô˼ѵΪҹʿؿ½
аﻹùʿӾǻʵʿ
ĸģʹҿռ䷨ɾҲģҪ˵㲻ϸΪǻ𣿡½壬ɱ


403 ָ
Ϊԭ½ɾ˿ռ䷨ʵ󽵣޲ýʬΡ
Ǻǣ֪òΪղǸҵɣ⣬ҿûô¡Ǹ毺õŮЦ½˵
Ů˵ԼǷ۽Ǿ̲ס̲סָɵ

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κʦܣȻǸ
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Ů϶ʱ¶ɫһ˸ʧԭء
أ
۷ٴλһŻʧԭأڿŮǰ
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䣡
ڿŮתƵʱһֻ޴ϣֱӽ顣
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ǸӤŮûκ⶯֣ſŮһ𱻺۷ĳƬ
ֻһȻղǸ˾ͻһˡ
ĸŮˣ˵Ŀⶼ忴ҲƵġ
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˴ʱΧǽڶ仯Ĵ죬ͨڵȫָ
ķӦرѸ٣ڷһ˲䣬ͽٻٻץߡ
ȵ仯ֹͣľʹѾָС壬߰ˣٵֻһˡ
ֻʣľʹʿ½ɫѿ֮һȭһɳƻΧǽڣҪľʹ¾ۼһ
ǣǽ֮һµͨûпľʹˡ


404 ̾
ΧǽڣһЦǶϾԴĸǵٽǷָһһơԭļƲô
ȻƲ߲Ǻܸò˵ƲߺЧǲ鷳Ȼһмơ
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޺һ˲䣬ľʹĵȵؿ


405 
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̾˵ͷ˫۷ų⣬ʼΧɨӣ֮УղһУȫǰһһ֡
յòսʹõ½ɱḶ́ȫûѳ̾̽顣
̾Դת߹ķȥҪײϵס
ߣ
̾ͻȻƺһҲ΢΢һ¶֮ɫ
ղǸ·̽Ҫ̽һͨʱһƿĵϢͻȻֱ֣ӽĿ顣
ǿϢ⵽ԶλǿĴС̾أŸղ̽鵽ĵطȥ
Ҳ̾κƣǰЩԹǽڷ׷ױ飬ɳӻڵϡ
һĻľʹʿȫǳ֮ɫǿĽʿѾΪĳ̾ʦ֡
ҪڶӺ½ɾǿʹͨܺƵǽڣڳ̾ǰȴǸ֧ŲסԶ촷ۡ
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ľʹʿæۼ̾鼤ţģͺϵķ˿һ

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ǶȡһԲɾĶζҪʹɾǿ߶Կƾ˾صɾǿҲϲ١
ʱˣȻԼʵʮģһȺ߰صɾԿЩ
ĬĬһ֮巢ƾĻܹ־ɾԿ̫ҡ
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ǣ
æӦȻ׷׷ɻԼĹʼ׼
ǿɲΪ̾ǿ߻û¸ǿЦ

ľʹߴĹУľʹ̾һնǺαأ


406 ѩ
̾ľ̾Ϣ̧ͷľʹĹǼᶨ֮ɫʦ֪ѾԽԽѹסˣұǾɳ
ʱһζľʹڶӷ׷׼뿪ľʹǰȥִ
ûʱƣԵȵʵ㹻֮ȥ񡣡
׼·ʱ򣬳̾ľʹд˳
̾˻һ¶ϲɫɫҲһЩ
Ҳ¶һ˿Ц⣺ǸҲеζģǱȥ
ľʹ˷׷ȥҲȡ󣬴Ŷٻٻһ뿪ľʹ׼ȥɶٻٻ
ٻٻǻɱһһɾһɾľʹΪԳƵǶӯ
ľʹҲȥʰθµӷȻҲͱˡ
Ȼ֪ǵҲҪŶٻٻһɲԸöٻٻȥһһôڶ
ٻٻҪɱǸһɾΪɾռһΪǵĴǳأưԣͳܱ߲С
һǷȥһ߷Դ鱨
ϢɾҲһͨһɾˣҲԶԶĶ֡
ɾҲɾʿе׵Ĵڡǵ׷ɱɾҲ
ڱ½ǿ˵ǲֵһᡣ
ǣֻһʵĶٻٻҪɱȴǸܵ顣
ٻٻܹÿ㷨ȫ͸ҲôﵽɲܺԿҪɱҪɵʵ
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Щεðɣðɣȥҵ񡣡
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εҪȡһԲɾĶԲɾΪѩɾݴ½ҲŲС
˵ΪõһڶɾΧղУø³ЩɾȴûҵǼ
̾ͨԴݣѩɾĶܿҪ֣ԾͰ񽻸塣
ĻӦ÷ľʹЩɾǿߵģ֪ľ֮󣬳̾ͰҪ嵽ʲô֮
ݣҲǸеһͷۣǸﵱڶɾΧѩɾɼжô
ѩɾѶɾʿֱҪ̫࣡
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ڵʮϵͳϵļܵȼۺϷӵĻ൱ɼǿߡ
ѩɾǴԲɾвõ󷨣Ҳᳬɼ󷨵ķ룬ǿܹƽġ
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ǺܿͲⲻѩɾϢ뵽Ǽ䲻ıǵ۾һ
Щɾʿ̾Ļȵѩڵظȥټɾʿܿ;ۼ˽ٸɾʿ
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岻ҼŴֱײıԭϣŶٻٻǰ
û߳ԶЩʿҲ׷ƿſڵ󷨣ռС
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ѱɡжղ˵Ҳ˼֣ʿˣӵܹƿ󷨵ıҲ顣


408 ѩɾ
ʿվɫɡ棬һ΢ЦؿΧڶʿû˿֮ɫ
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µͨʱЩͨΪһοӵӦ֡
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ôĶôѩɾһЦ˸߸ϵɵۣǸʿӡߣ̰ĵҲ


409 ҹ
һɻ󣬴ѩɾ͸Ϣһ˺ľء
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мգʱһеģȻûһ֮ɫķİԼİȫΧˡ

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ѩɾվһԣϵıһ˿Ȼһ˿ѡ
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ԾɾϥˮϣΧĲҽгţȻסÿһҽУһɾʿɱ
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411 ϵͳƷƷ
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413 ǿľ
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418 ϵ仯
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˵֮ߵ˶ٻٻԱߣ§ȥٻٻҲһʮƣģ῿ļϡ

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ѩôһСյԴȻһԵķ
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ǣʵԽԽǿԽܸо⡣
ڵ鴫֮Ѫ֮ϽͬʿǧѾﵽ˽Ѫĳ̶ȡ
Բһɾܹȵġ
ϾԻźܣһָоܹ⿪ЩܵĻҲܹƷɵ硣

ݴ½ĵ֮أһ֮ĳǳء
ǳޱȾ޴󣬳ݴ½ɵ磬û˽ô޴ĳǳأΪʵ̫ɥĲˡ
ǹҪǳأҪѽСʱʱ䣬ôһǳأһ嶼ûС
ǣǳȴޱȷȫĳнṹһֵǳиЩУһ
ǳ֮Уȫˣһռ˾޴ȴ֯ĳǳأֳһֹĿֲ


419 ɵ
ǳÿһ龰ȫ쳣ͺͨķ˳ǳһǡ
ֵԵСߺţŸָĶŻĸҹӣ΢΢ƿĴҹ㡣
һֵĽֽǴһڽֱߣһ뷢԰׵ߣʱ˯ԴСһš
ԱһŰᦣдšֱϣһǧ𡱰˸֣ϵİҲܼ򵥣һǩͲöͭǮһ̡
ĵĴԾȵٶȣתһڲƶһ
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߻վ˵λѣѾõ˹ڴٵǰһ
Ǻܴ󡣵۴ôԶľ룬ȴ˿Ҳûмơ

һƬռعĺ֮УľӨģһӷĴɢѹصϢ
֮УһϥУߵĴ֮۾
һ˫۾֮У̺һֻءвϷܣѭ
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õҵϢôʱ䣬ɵѰЩˣҲҪ֪ܹƷɵģǺηʥ
վһʧ˴֮С

ݴ½ĶӦǿռУռһƬ󺣣ˮǳ䣬̺ɾʿҲᱻ˺顣
ǸߵӺ׾ͷɳһӣһʹϷֳӰ˷һЩӰȫһ»һӰ
ϴξǼһ˵ٽǼѾ֣ôʱͷЩüĿǼƷͳΣɲΪñƷġ
һֹţӰҲʧԭء

ݴ½һ֮ͨأһƬ֮УһСվУһӣΧĻ̾ʢ£ȻήѣڵϣٴγµС
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ΧЩɵۺӼ״׷׸ȥǸ׷ȥ

ˮԪ̨׽֮û죬ͺѩһǰȥʦˮԪ
ˮԪֻѩˣǰȥˮԪĽǿߣӡ


420 ɫ
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ģˮԪһΣ⻹ǶﰡҪȡһµλתңһûϣˡ
ѩİɣʦֻңôġ彫ѩ󣬰ο
ѩĻѯʵĿ⿴ԼʦˮԪεص˵ͷˣѩŷ
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ͨͽɫɣ


421 ɾ֮ľ
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һ⣬ǰһˢа֮еĶȫʧԭеơ
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ҵΪӣûڼȻɾʿҲľʹ״ˣȻҲûн̹ʲôľ˵
ϲΪľʹ״ӣ6ɽͨѪ7
7زϳʿΪӵıȻҪⳡнꡣҪõظϽܷΧ硣縱ֲص㡣ʱ䣺ƣ
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˵֮Ҳľֱܲתȥ
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ѡĵһͨǡƷͨǻͨ׾ͽͨѪ֮С
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ǻ츳ͨģھʱо֮󷨷֮ͨ


422 ֮ϲ
УĿܲϳһſǳӰһǳӣݺύ̡
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͵۾ܵǳӰƶγһ޴󷨣ǿϢֱӴľʹ
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ԶԶ壬ǧ˾æ
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Ϊλ֮ǣȻѾ弸꣬Ҳ֪£ûаֽҳ͸ȻѾˡ
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ʱѾʼڵѡΪµĵǸߡ
ˣ֪λʲô飿
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ɾŹ˶೤ʱ䣬ȻѾΪɾʿ磬ɶǸ߲Ĵڰ
˰ֵƺҪλΪѾݴ½վ˽ŸҪҵһǨȥ
ɾˣҡҲˣҪͻһߣ֪ԸԸң
ǧ˾һᣬҧҧ˵
ǧ˵ʵȻǿͻһػʱҲûȥԵд
ҪȻܾ
ңڴеģƵĻȻԸߡЦ˵
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ֻҪʿԸջӡĻÿһɱһʱɱ䣬ԳΪһޡ
ϾɽʯľȻҲԡֻΪʿӡƣԲŻ᲻ܱޡ
ԸǨƵĵһʿۼֱ֮ʹأȫС
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Ȼ֪ľԼ£ɢȻҲͲԼ˲ƻȥֱʹԼʦ
ոպ꣬ǰͳһռֱͨһ̤˽ȥľʹС
صľʹ֮ͽЩ˷˳Ȼ۵ӣǽЩ˰ЩҶ֧ŵĴ½ϡ
ֱȥľĹҪٲȥĻľ̲סŭ
ʦ֪ͽǰʲô飿
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壬Ϊʦ໹ѹ꣬ڣϣ㾡ͻƳΪɡľ濴壬ɫص˵
һ£ɾأֻҪٴͨͿԳΪɾԲʱͿԳųɾ硣
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ľĻһ㶣ٱĴʿԼޱ
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£ǰᶨɺ
ӵлȪ־壬ľһ仰֮󣬾Ȼʼã
壬Ȼܹ·˵־㹻ǿҪںϱԴɾͽɣмᶨ־ǲģ㻹Ҫһģʱ㣬˭


427 ߳
ľ£ʱſʼԼģ֪ںϱԴΣյ£ͻ
ڵʵѾ㹻ļˣʱҪȥðΣգȥͻƽɾ
ģľ̾˿
壬ڵ״̬㴴ͨҪͻƽɾĻʧܵĿҲҪȥ䣬Ѱ뷨
ЩãȻص˵ͷת˳ȥ
صϵʱĸ׼ˣͱٻٻˣڵ״̬ЩԾ
磬ôˣٻٻһĵʵ
С壬û°ɣĸʱҲע⵽쳣æʵ
û£ֻЩңЩ벻ף׾ͺˡ¶һЩǿЦݡ
߽֮УʼԼģȴûҵȥͻƽɵɡ
ڵʵѾ㹻˵İȫûбҪðΣգȥͻƽɣһͻƽʧܣ˵ĴüΪΣա
֧岻ͻƵĶǱ˵ȴ谭ɣһͻʧܣļ˾ͻᴦΣ֮С
ڼ˸ĸ֮ʹŶٻٻŮлǧȥҪȥѰԼ
һγУûʹö·ǳſĴھһǳ֮ȴûеõκջ
ڶǳȫǴͬС죬Щزʿȵѧ֮ʱǵĸĸѾ
ЩʿȻĸڣڹĶǵĻȴ໥֮鵭֮
ȻĻǾȥЩӰСȥ̧ͷݴ½ıԵȥʦһ̣
䣬һռͨǰʲôûж˵Ŷٻٻ߽˿ռͨ
ȵ߳ԶȥܿǰˮıԵˮӿڰռŵĳѷ졣
ԶȥһſźɢĹâѤǿա
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ǰǿգ˼ˣȫ¶һʮָȤģ
ʱҲо泩˼ָ֣оͺ񡭡ҪصִŰһ
ɾˡǰмַ߸Ϲվǧ˺Ȼ˵
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׶˫ĿͨؿǰĿ̨̨СͷɴٶȣѾӵߵİ٣ȴȻûа취˦ǼСս׷ɱ
һ㣬ٿһ㣬ֻҪ֮УǾͲҼ׷ˣ
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׶¶һ̼ɫ˫ֲڿ̨ϲţϣܹȶɴȴȫ𲻵κá
ΪʲôΪʲôϾͿԽ֮ˣҲİ
׶̱ϣﲻ
ǸղŻ׶˹ķɴѾܲˣֻҪɱȥ֮ǿ϶ܹõ߶ӵʹͣ
ս֮Уһı˷ܵضһԵĽ˵
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ⳡ׷ɱҪˣҲǿԴùõһЩõϢǧֽɡ
忴Զսһۣƽضǧ˷Ը
ǣɾˣ
ǧӦһڷķɴ
һʱ䣬ļսѾҷɴķ·ߣѾʼܡ
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ۿ׶Ҫͬɴһ𱻼һ޴ɡ״ͻȻ֣⼸ס
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ȴͻȻ뵽ʲôæһԵ·ԸƬյľҷŴͬʱ̽Ƿ󣡡
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һԵʿõ֮̿ʼڿ̨ϲ
ܿ죬ƬյľͶڽǰһվ֮Уұǰ죬Ǹ޴ɡ״һ
ôܣֻСսڵҲԲܹסġ걳ĲıŴ죬һȵؿȫϢͶӰеǧˡ
û̽⵽κ󣡡ʱʿ档
Ȼˣ˵ͷа
ڼɡ״ֵʱ򣬽оѾɣΪսķ֣ȫǹ⻬棬ܳɡ״
ֻд֮УЩԻǿڣпʹ״Ļ֡
ҼҴãǿԻȥˣ
һֵĲǵĴձڣֱӴǵĶУȻǴûԣǶڻ˼ȴȫס
ҹȻûв´ȻǿĴڣа̾
ǷͶźźͽ룡
ûаǸ˵Ҫ뿪ǵϣһԵʿԸ
Ȼ֪λĽΪʲôᷢǳϰߣǺۿ۵ִֵ
Ƿǰ׷ɱ׶Ȿǻʼҵ£۳ɹ񣬻ȥɱ֮Ȼһѡ
ΪѧԨԴ֪һЩϢڵõǧ˴֮̾ȷľϡ
ǣսĽȴǸ˽Щ飬ǧ˵ĳ֣߸ǵۣǶŻˡ
ĵһ뷨ǶԼδ֪Ŀ´
ˣǲûкˣȫеڸȫ׼ǧˣǿĹ
ЩȻûкǧ˵ķȴǧ˸оһŭû뵽Щ˾Ȼ

ǧɫһҪ֣ʱ˹
ǧûйս°ɣ
Ѿ˽귢ǶϢ֪ѾͶĴ㡣
ǧӦһȻһСսʱֽ⣬ʿ֮УͣΪʹȥ
һĻԭɽˣȫһңҿǼʱͶϢȻĻǵ³Щһ
ǧһӣ׶ڿٷķɴͣͽսһȥ


428 Ϊ
ɾˣѾǶˣǧǰ˵
ţǸùϣһսɣ
嵱սȥǧһ֣׶ͽķɴд˳
ǰͿѾ򿪣ʿվ࣬Ŷӭǵĵ
ڲŴмս߲һԶˣæ¹˹۹Ϊڡ
˹-˹ȫٱĴˣͨϵ˳
ȥ˵ɣֱӴ
˹ټæսȥ
˲䣬˹ٻɨһۣϵ亹̾ˣͬʱԼ֮ǰľϡ
ǸּսĴڣУȻǵλ͵Ǹ˵ʵõʲô̶ȣ
еĺ˼룬˹ٶ̬ȱøӹ
ȻһսӦеʩǼΪģڴеɳ£˹һԵ㡣
ˣڸҽһǵĻϢ
ǣĴˣ˹ӦһͿʼ˵
⼸սеһ˹۹ҵĽ缸ϵȻ󲿷ֶǲ
˹۹Ƿ⽨̬ͳһУȻַ壬ͬƬ޴Ľ
׷ǸΪ׶ǹ˹۹ĴӦϹ֮󣬽λãͳƬĽ
ǣϹزʱĵܵȴƶ𡣹壬Ĵ֮λҪɱ
ĸµƴ£ŴذΧӳȴԾɱ˹ٵ׷ɱȲѾҪ֮һѡ
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˵ͷⶫ֮У֪жǿޣǵʿһСĶС˵ЩͨƼˡ
ˣҸֻҪܹµλһΪ࣬Ϯӵϵҫ
׶壬˵
ĻˣԱߵ˹٣ȫЩ͵ؿ׶вɣ
ΪԼˣǸһʿƼӣȻȫ㸴Ϊǵ㹷ƨŵ
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˵׶ſڽܵĽ棬ߵķ;ȨλϮˡ
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ҵҪܼ򵥣ǾΪ֮󣬷˹Ϊ࣬Ϯ׼κΪѣ𣿡
ʱһƽؿ׶ʵ
ⲻܣղ쵰ɱңǾԲŹġ׶һŭس
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˹ٿǰ׶бɱ׶ڻûгΪͽҪɱһ׶Ϊ³ԼΪҡ
ҴӦ㣬ҴӦҪ󣡡
˹ǳɱĿ⣬׶һŵسе
˹٣ְͣɣǽҪ͸λõĹɲɱ
λһὫ϶ͷ̨˹ٿ׶ĿУɱԾɢ
ģԲġ׶æ˵
ȻӦҵҪǾ׼֮ðɣ
в˹Ҳ˵ʲôֻµʿ׼
˹٣ҰһϢ
ȵһʿ뿪֮׶һĨߺ֮ɫȵպǻΪǽոҵ裬Ҫȫֻ
֮Уڴϣ֪ʲôٻٻŮһԡ
磬ҿǸ׶һΪʲôӦٻٻߵԱߣ˫ᰴͷ
γҪĿľģÿ˵Ķһ澵ӣ۲˵Ա仯ҲܵõһЩõϢҪ׶һˣΪ֮Իᷢʲôı仯
˹սǾԾ㣬ͨԾ֮󣬰ķԸһӪȥ
ҾӪ֮У֧ɽƵĽӣܹдСսһңһ֧Ƚǿľ
ھӪſڣ˹ٵսͱھǽӵսûеõ֮ͨǰǲܽӪġ
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һʱʹ׶Ĵձརӣշ֮󣬾ͽ˹ͳ죬׶ûһһ
ձһĽ֮Ͳټˡ
Ҫ׶ڸеԱ仯ɲǰֱӰ׶׶Կ϶ᷢκα仯¾ʹﲻĿˡ
ڰ׶ձһĽӣȻ˹ٽͳһࡢѵȻЩӰ׶
У׶Կ϶ᷢ仯ĿҲʹﵽˡ
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ѵ̶ֳȣҲʱýսʱˣʱȴְѽӵָȨ׶
˹㸴֧Щ㸴ĸӦ֪ô
׶¶ϲ֮ɫʱ˸˵
ϣھһ˼붷֮׶˹ٱĻᣬѾӵָȨ·Ÿ˹١
˹پտָ£зĽӱ׷ָΧȫ𣬵ȴﵽ˵һʮ


429 ǲ룬ǲ
Ҳǵһս۰ˣ˹۹Ǳ˹ٴһֲ
ⳡս֮󣬹˹۹ͷȻ̿ʼתһ֧֧ǿ󽢶ӱ֯ʼظҪԾ㡣
ͬʱ۹صľʼӼµսʼдģбʼ½ӵĳΡ
һӦԴʩ˿ҡ
£˹ٵϣ˾޴һҪԾ㣬ٿͳ¡
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սͲһһϦ飬˺ڣսȫƴڡ
ҪһԾĻҪǷطʮǼʮ
ǣ£˹ԾǺԥһԾ㣬ĿľΪԾ⼸ٸ
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տʼǳʤȫ˹ٴźսԶ٣ǳʤڶʿġ
Ǹ߰ʿͺս֮£ûиڱȱ㣬ȴǸڸǲסġ
ҲЩͨʿ⣬߶µЩıʿȴǺ֧ܿ㡣
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£˹þ޴һԾ㣬ֵõġ
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ھһʱĶ֮߶ɳ˼֧ƽӣڹ˹۹λĴ¡˹ٷ˹
Щֹ˹Ҳû֮ǰĻ磬սй˴ʧˣսۡȫʤ١
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ܶ˶ף׶ڷָ˹еȨ
ǡǣ˹ȴûκηӦ׶ʩΪ
׶Ѿʼ˴ӷﵽת䣬Ƿıֻǻۣĵ׵ͷûзı䣬˭Ҳ֪ﰵԷš
սļһһʱȥ˹ٵָӾҲԽԽ࣬ѾһţɳΪһ
ǣ׶µУ˹ռеıȴԽԽСֻսʱ׶ŻὫС
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׶߸֮ϣ˵վ󳼣ЩսͶġ
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׶ٹͬ˹һ߶ӡ
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˻֣һ紵־׶лĩɢ
ͻһĻμЩˣȫסˡ
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˹٣Ҿ͸ˣа취ƾģ𣿡תͷ˹١
ǵģˣ˹ٹһ
˵ͷ֣͵Ĺ㳡ϡ
һڵϣ˹кһ̴ϵͨѶʼ
ܿ죬мսڹ㳡Ͽգҵľܿͱס
߰ɣ
˹Ѿס˾棬Ŷٻٻһ뿪
λ˼ʮʱ䣬岻۲׶Ա仯˵Ա仯ҲûĹ۲졣
׶˹٣ǵĴûз仯
ʱͰԼһӵ㹻ǾͻͷųԼġ
û뿪׶һӶ˹ٶ֣û֧֣˹һӶֻһ࣬ıΪ
ģǰ֮ǲ룬ǲܡ
ĵʲôֻɾʵĻܱԼļǰ֮Ϊԣ룬ΪԼͻƽҽڣ
ţоԼЩˣҲЩ㲻Լ뷨ˣѾʼɣ˵ǲ
ĵ׵ĻΪʲôԽɹؿʱ˶ԥ
һţһⲽٻٻȫʵߣ˵»˼
ȻʶߣٶԾǴﵽ˹٣ٻٻȫ˾磬ﵽҲǺܼ򵥵飬ɸ
һԹУʱᴩȻγɵԾ㣬֪Ѿ߳˹˹۹Ľ


430 ļ
ŶٻٻˣĿĵţ·һʱ΢΢һӳ˼ѹ
ҵĻԵ𣿡
Žµһۣʶ˲ɨ棬Ҳ˴ŵ˽⡣
ȻҲǿƼȴ͹˹۹ͬ
˹۹ƼȫоϣȴǽƼھǱ
ǸִʮƣֻǿƼӷҲ˼Ȥ
֪ϣջʲô
ȻûںϱԴﵽĵĳ̶ȣӵеλȴȽʿܵõƫ
ˣй©һϢףҲǺˡ

ۿƼôһЩĽڣڸ񣬻ɰࡣ
ǴǵһУס˿ЩһУĻҪϺܶ࣬ȻҲҪϺܶ࣬ȴԾƶ档
һСУУ꣬ΧһȭߣԱվһߴ˧磬һЦؿһĻ
֪ҲּܹģԺҪٺ˵ӾʹĹȣ
ŮˡȻҸд飬ǲ֪ôдɣ
ּ񣬾͸ùһȥпɲǸЩסġ
ڵϵǸ˫ֱͷ壬һɼȭϡ
ˣ͵ɣСƤ񣬰˷ϣʵֵ̫ˣǼȥֺֺǣ߸˧кһǼˡתСȥ
Ǽһæµϵ꣬ƨƨߵظȥ
Ǻ
ǻ˵ϰֿҵңθë֣
Ҹôʱ䣬֪ܲЩ𣿡
һǸ߸˧ƨһ߸ȥ
ϵǸ꣬ĬĬվĴһ·մϵʰһԵСȥ
ղűȭôʱ䣬ϾȻֻЩࡣһѪڶûС
ոתͷͿʮŹŹֵվǸΪ׵ĺ궢
ʵǼҪǿö࣬ղΪʲô֣忪ʵ
ĻǸԳһЦ֣ղûôǸҵҵĶӣһƶôǵ
԰ȫɱˣȻֱ·ƽ˵·ղ˵ģɱˣֻϡ
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432 ͻ
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433 ĥʼ
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з飬̾˴ǳע⣬̾ر飬ϸĵ顣
ֿƼͷĳҪһ飬һر򵥵顣
ܿ죬رж˳³ϣֽһϵеĵ飬³ϵıϷȫ˳
ǵ֪³ϾȻͻĸС֮¶֮ɫЩرĳԱȫԷϢǱĴ
ܿ죬ǾյЩĻţȫ࣬ǾǣʹøֶΣó³һҼС
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439 ³ֵܵİ
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Ҳʵ̫Ƶ˰ɣŸս˻ƼңµĵˣôҲЪ
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ǴģҵĹ˾鲼ԣļ壬ǿ֮·󡣡
սʿЭսʿĴӪõѡ񡣡

ʮһӵϣ׷׸³ϽƣҪ³ǵӪ֮С
ȵȣȵȡ³æ̧֣˼Ҫ˵Ļ
⼸˿˵Ҳţû֮ǰֻҪκһһԥشӦ
ǣڰΪʦ֮󣬼ʶǽ̬ܵЩУҲûʲôֵóƵĵطˡ
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ҿṩԴֻҪŬҲʵǾͿһֱһԶ÷롣


440 
ҡҡͷǾûʣԴѻɾҲޣ۵ʱϼˣ
ʵҵҲһ㣬ֻҸ紫ڸҵȽˡʵ꣬˵
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磬ߣǱҪǱץ˵ĻǾȫʵţǸҸ߲һȭݡ


441 ȡʵ
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448 ǿ̬
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Լ֮֮һӾ͸߿Ȼܹɱ棬мˣһ˷ܵ顣
ӰֻҪЩûڵһʱͶͻᱻ꣬ȻûԼ֮齫Լ
ײеֱӽʣµЩŻˣǸһǵ̾ǹģ˿ԥ
ܿ죬ʮȫˣֻʣһˮ档
ৣ
ˮǰסȥ·
ˮ棬ھʣԼˣͶǱƣԼѡɣ
壬ҳʵǿ㲻ܶңұǲ𡣡ˮ濴壬˵
⣬û뵽ˮȻб̨һ졣ڵʵڽǶˣҶǲģӦþһ˰ɣ
ûҡܾܵһλҿңһŹġˮͣһ£ЩɬȻ˵
ΪΪ⣬ˮźܵԶ֮ǰûһҪԼܵܵ
ôһûأĸһҲǲġһЦ
ĻˮȻɫ䣬ڵıԴ֮͵رһƬɫˮƹȥռ䶼ʴһۼ
壬պΪľڵģ
ˮһ߳ȵһԶɿ롣
Ժ飬Ժ˵ɣӲˣ
ǰһһȭɫˮ飬ˮĴɽ
ˮɫ䣬һ죬Դ֮ӿǰ۳һ޴ĺɫơ
ʽ䣬ٴһȭ棬ɫмвϷ衣
˼򵥵ȭͽĹͷȫ߽⣬ˮ̾;˼ȫԶɶݡ
˫΢΢һŸԴ֮γɵ͸ңͳ֮У˫һؼһ
ӳܳˮ棬һҡΣžŵȥ
гԼ֮飬ְ棬һ׹ɳˮԺ֮С
˺ܳʱľ֮ˮҲûѱˣΪū֮һ
彫Щ֮ЩΧľʹʿסˣǵ̣е񻰶ˣǻʲô
ǼȥЩʿ£Ը˳ľʹŸյļū˵
ǣˣ
ˮ漸Ӧһʵǰȥ£ʿߵľԱߣЩǵؿͻƵľ档
ľڣֱԴڲ
ľڵһĻͺһҷԴŲˣͻȻײ˻ԣŮ˼ˡ
£һսɱ⣬ˣľãܻܿʧȥֱԴֱӱɱ
ȻɹĻͬʱӵֱԴӵұҲǴ޽ɵľ磬ֱΪ
Ҫɹ޽ɽ٣ľֻԼﲻκæ
ľԱ£ͬʱֽ⿪һԼڵĽƣָǵɡ


450 彲
Щ漴㱻⿪ϵĽƣҲʵҶղչֳʵڻ¡
ûԱߵǼ棬ԼǸֳʲô
ľĿ岻ÿһβֱԴײ
ʱţľƵԽԽͣӸտʼòһ£ֱȶ

ľ滺۾ͬʱϵϢҲʼǳ˽ļޣﵽһµľ硣
ʦͻƳɹˣ
յľϢ̾Щʵ
ţľ΢Цŵ˵ͷѾͻƳΪ޽ˣ
̫ˣڶľʹӵȫ
ľһΪټ𣬻շô棬ľʹʵ˼
ʦЩΪӦô죿
ָŹԹһԵļ棬ľѯʵ
ĻǼ̾һæľͶȥĿ⡣
ľʹ٣ڰٷϴˣټҸոͻƵľʹҲҪԾǵɣľһ£˵
лľʲɱ֮Ǽæ
ľ˵ͷ֮ǰ飬ҿԲ׷պжģͲҪҲ
һᾡľչľʹ޶ģһȺæġ
šľ˵ͷתͷ壬壬ѾΪһ飬Ҳó档ƽ֮λʹɣ
ҡҡͷʦҲʺϳΪľʹƽ̣Ӧ֪ϻܣǣɲʲô¡ƽ֮λóʦֵΰɣ֮ǰʱ򡣾Ĳ
ĻľĬһᣬ˵ͷУȻ㲻ƽ֮λҲñ㡣飬ǿһʱ̸һ

ľʹʼؽʱһڲ֪δĿռ֮УмʮǿĴڱǴݴ½Ⱥɵǡ
ǵ˳ɵṩܿҵһڣǵȵǽ֮ǸھʧˣǱ
Ⱥеӣ΢΢һо¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ̲ס̾˿
ɵۣݳİ취ûУɵüͷ΢壬һڽɵۡ
ɵ۵ģҲֻͬΪĴǿɵ֮һɵۡ
ɵ۴ռ֮ڶɵ۵Թԣֹɵ۵һöûС
ǣȴûһ˸ҵɵ۵˵仰
ɵ۵׼׼Ȼ˵ʵ֮ǿȴʮ˽ģҪǸҳԱԹ˵ͻᱻɵ۸ɵ
һСǼˣû뵽ڵʵټϲ˱ԴȻҲûʤɵҡҡͷЩį
ôʢ磬ȫͳ֮£ǲİ£ƷɵԷ󡣡ɵҡҡͷ̾˵
գѵ˼ֱͶɵ۵¶Щŭɫ
֪Ҳ˼üͷӲƴĻûжʤ㡣ǣǿԻһǶ⡣
磿ɵ۵üëơ
˵ǰʵľȥǼ֪˴֮ʲôӦȫǼ𣿡ɵЦ˵
Ϊ뷨ܺãɵȿ˵
ҲһԿڵɹĿԺܴ󣡡
ɵۺһЩûãǻ취ȥ˵ɣ

ڶʿŬ£ľʹؽ飬ܿͽˣϾȫϵʿɽڻ£칬ò˶೤ʱ䡣
Ҳʱ򣬻ص˵ȥ˼ԼĸĸͶӡ
ʮʱû循ȵķ֣ԼĶӾȻԾӤģֻǺ˼һȫǰһ굱һĽࡣ
Ȼûг٣ʵȷʵѸ٣ѾԪӤΪڵٶʱֱӳҲǺпܡ
Ϊߵʵ˸ĸͶӼ֮;ڵΪ˽ⷨ
Ҳûпȥ֪ͨˣֱ̩ɽϣϥӭźХ磬ʼӻⷨ
տʼʱ򣬻ûκ쳣ֻм·СĽ֮΢΢һԭʵ
彲ķԽԽ࣬ԽԽҲʼعҲڹ֮£˲֪پ롣
ʲôĽ֮̾͸оһãһᣬо޴ջ
ĽԽԽ࣬Ȼ֮ǰɻõĽ𣬵ʡ
彲⵽ˮƽ֮ͿʼҶƬĴ½ϴ
һЩΪʿҲڷڷĽ⡣
Ľ⣬ЩΪʿܵġΪ彲Ķ̫£Щͼʿȫ
ЩȴܹȫĽ⣬֮ǰȫΪԼѾڵķȫ򣬿Ľ֮ȴȻʡ
ţĽ֮УǾܹѰҵʵĴ𰸡
˷ڵķ֮ͣ٣ʼڷ
ŵõصĹԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽиĽ⣬æܹ
ʿΪΣĽ֮ȫջ
ʦڵϽУҪȥ
ʲôʦڽڶĳ˰ĽһҪȥ
ڵϽϢܿʹˣõϢ֮ʿŵӵ
ľʹĵ˵һĴ棬Ƕ̶̼ʱ䣬ȻһͨˣɳΪɱĴڣֳɳٶʵ̫ˡ
֪彲֮ľʹʿȫǷӵȫϣܹĽ
һֱ̩ɽۣ֮ԹԵ˵Լÿһĸڵ˶⣬ȫġ
˺ڣֽ˶ɽڡڣδʮ˲ἰЩǰʿȫоķᡣ
ոһյĽŷһֱ£Ž򽲽⵽ɵľ硣
εĽΪֹɢ˰ɣ
˵ֱ֮һ粽ʹ̩ɽʧ
ĻŻعæԼĶȥҪ彲Щ¼


451 ľ
彲֮ǵľʹʿͻƵǰ磬ʵ˴
Ȼľʹʵľġ
ľڱչӦµʵЩͬʿȫͬԺ;ҪԼ
һ֮С
ʯϣûһ˿ų΢΢Ͻɫâ
ȻϽɫâ֮Уȴ˫Ŀ
ҵѾϽȫһѾûͱԴںϣԺҪߵ·϶ͬϽУ
ʱıչأ巢֣ڵʵȻ㹻ɨ棬ǶϽĿȴһʮֵͼĳ̶ȡ
һֻĸоܹϽȫҲԴﵽɵ۵ľ硣
ϽԿٵص̹ţ⵹ҲûܡϾ̹Ŀߡ
ڶɵۣҲֻ˻죬ȿ̹ţȻҪϲ١
ԺҪʵĻֻѪ֮¹ˡ
Ѫ֮ȥ鿴ԼԽ棬ŷѪԺһۣѾǧ֮һľ顣
ϵͳǸµͦ죬巢˱仯֮ʽҲ֮仯ǺǡЦȴһζĺâ
ȻܹҲҵ취ǾԴһϽİء
ЩӵıչأҲоԼʵЩЩĽҪ졣
ˣ廹ԽϽʹþŶͨû뵽ûκͰʮ׾ͳɹˡ
Ϊ֮о׻̲صϢڶɵۺӲеϢܹ֪
һʹüķɳ󻺻򿪣зɳ⻪
£
λ䣬֮ʱλھȥ¹ͥ
ǣº
˵֮ͻ⣬Ÿ߿ȥǰȥΪؽͥ
ڸøʦú̸̸ˣ
һ̤ͳľǰҲľкǰ¡
ʦˣЦ˵
ļ̌ͷһۣ¶˿˿֮ɫʵˣ
ոͻ˾磬ʵڣһЩҲ˵ͷΪ˵
ľĬһ󣬿ڵ壬Ӧһߵλɣ
ҲûΣֱӳϵûкܸߵλһʦõܸߵλ
Һܸߵλľ֪£
ҲӦ㣬ô죿ľĿƵؿ塣
裡巭˸ۣûصô˵ҲҵʦѵΪһɱڲɣ
ѵͲҽϢȥʿ׷ɱ㣿ľζʵ
ʦֺαغҿЦڶɵۺӲϢʿ㻹شƣκ˶赲ҡͷʧЦ
ľһĬ֪˵ʵͳǺεǿ󣬵ԾɱͻȻļλɵƷ
֮ԻˣΪʱʽ΢ɵ
ڵɵʵʱǿ󣬸۸ӣȫһɢɳûʱȡ
ãΪʦ֧㣡ľ˵ͷӦ
ʦȵȣ
ľӦҲһϲľһΪУ㲻ʲôӰ죬ҲƲѡ
ؽͥеĶ໪Ȼͣ˶Цһ˹һλѣҪλˣ
˵֮󣬶໪ͻһ⻪½ȥܿľʹǰ
ʦҽΪ֮һĶ໪ۣ֪Σ໪֮һ΢Цضľ˵
֮һ໪ۣλľ΢΢Щ㶡
ʢʱľѾ̤޵֮·Ȼ֪໪۴ʲô˵Ǿߵļλ֮һȫڵɵѷɫ
ľȻ뵽һ⣬Ȼܹ໪۵λôλָʲô
ȨģҲֻһϵλˣ˵ǾϵĴڡ
壬λòǡ
ľЩĿɿڴؿ壬ƺҲţȻܹλ
ûлشľ⣬ֻǶһԵĶ໪˵ͷ
໪ǰ˼ľǰľһЦⶫ໪֮λͽˡ
˵֮󣬶໪ͻ㣬ӿľԺ֮Уļ仭ľԺ
ȵһнľ泤̾һղͺ»һһ㣬־ޱȼᶨ˵ѾʧԼ˭
໪ֻƬ̺ļɣʱľڣӡľҲ̼̳˶໪֮λ
ͨڵӡľһؼһĸоͷ
ȻڻǺǿ󣬵̺Ϣȴ֤ûƭȷǳΪ˶໪ۡ

ںһڵĶѨ֮Уðźɫݣɫ֮У˿˿֮ɢ
ЩðѨ֮̾Χɢͬʱа֮ҲʼŰ
ڶѨԲ֮ڣûκڣڵɫݺ֮ɱ
䣡
һ촫ɫĶѨȻγɾ޴ĳɢͬʱ׵ɳҲúˮһƬǡ
ȵɳ¶һվڸղŶѨλãϴһɫۣýơ
ôʱ䣬ܽˮ֮Դͽ֮ԴʱںһˣȵֱܽԴںϣҾͿϴˡЩ˵
ţʱɫ΢΢һ䣬ղžȻյֳϢ
˽ԼֳΪʵֳֳﲻޣԶ˵Ĺϵ֪ж꣬ûϵ
ȻϵȻʮص鷢
ӶȡϢ֮˫͵ԲϵƲϷ𣬾ȻΧĺˮſγһӺ浽׵ͨ
ȻɱֳʵǸ
֮ǰչͻƾ磬Ϊ˷ֹ˴ţн漰ϢȫΣûܵԼֳϢ
ֻҪһ뵽Լֳ˶ӵһȻֳԶֳСչˣȴԶ
ֳտʼԶֻ޷һʼܵԼĵܵܳԽԼ˸еЩΣԲûϵ


452 VS
ʼţֳǹģֻΪĨӣ˲ŻἸδϵ
ڣֳɱˣ˶лǰˡ
ԽӵŭԽʢ뵽ɱֳǸˣǻŭ̾ҵ˷йĳڡ
ľʣ壬ǾȻɱֳҪ
һֱ̤ӿңԶľ룬ľʹϿա
̸ľ棬̾͸оľʹϿճֵǿϢ
ǿϢһλ𣡡ľɫһ䣬
𣿡۾У֪˭ˣӦˮĵܵܡ
һӣ׹ˮͳǰ
ˣˮ̹
ܵܺˣô£忪ʵ
ˣⶼµĴ֮ǰҷһϢҵܵܣ˳֮ȴˡˮһ£ɫ䣬æڵϣ
˻֣ʾˮվ
ʱ޹ءȻܵˣǿͣǾͳȥӭһ°ɣ
ľӹзɳˮ档
ľʹ֮󣬸ҪŭһľͿ˴ӹзɳˮ档
ˮһ˲䡣̾Щ㶣ղϢ֮УֳѾ˵ɱ
ϸһ£ˮһظﻹ׷ʲô飬еŭȼա
壬ȻֳƣҪʬΣ㽫ɻ꣬Ҳҵͷ֮ޡӳŭȵ
ɻ㶼ޣ𡣿ҪҪ󻹺ѰɣҵҪˣֻҪˣҾͺܸˣ
ˮѾ֪ӵ֣ЦŶ˵
壬㲻óѿ֮ɣ
һȭӳˮֱԴ໥ơͺһDNAһ㣬
ߣԱߵľŭһҲһȭֱԴ֮ӿڿݻһòĻ渽ڱȼա
䡪
ֱԴ˵Ŀ£໥ײһ죬ΧĿռҲһ𵴡
ֲһ󣬽ľʹڶʿ
ԶЩڱΧɽꡣȫսನĨƽƽͬһ㡣
ľַ໥ƣ۽ľˮľˮֱԴ֮Ͻײ
˶ҪԼռƵֱԴƶԷıԴռƣڲϾ֮У˭ҲԸ
ֱԴ֮ڱ仯ʱ򣬽İһչֳЩսľʹʿڷҲǿ
ˮıڱ仯ˣıǿƻͱըľıڲϢıͼ᲻ɴݡ
ľսʱȻһԿʼ˽˷
Ļֻоؿһƣûιȥ
˾ʵ̫ˣѹûĸܹܣ
ˮںϣ
ŭһ໥תƵıԴ֮͵ײһ𣬻һˮĺȺнͼ᲻ɴݣӵˮı仯ˡ
䣡
ľ֮ԴĴֱӱˮײϣȼŵЩ棬Ҳ˲䱻
ߣ
ľҲƺһ˼¼˿Ѫ˿
ȻֱܹԴʱںϣľһ𾪵ؿŶ
ֱԴںһѾǴ𼶱Ĺˣľ治ǸոճΪ𣬸͵ס̶ֳȵĹ
ʱһԵֹͣ˽⣬̤ǰһһȭӿĽɫϡ
䣡
ײһ촫ΧĿռγɿռ壬͵ܱ˺γռѷ졣
΢΢һһŽ̤һ޴ĺɫ鶴ɫ͵黯Ƭ
䣡
ҽµĺɫ鶴͵ʱ͵ؼӿ죬ڱ˿ٶһӿ˼ٱ
ء
ٶ֮£һ벽ȴȻûлֻ֮ܽɫΧԼ
ЦһһΣһģĻˡܿγʮͱһΧ
һĻһһ͹ˣֶôķƱøΣˡ
ҵǣʮ߷ʵͶĽ࣬Զûıôǿ󣬲Ȼһ˲ͻ
ǼҲѹƵ̧ͷֻܿŽɫϵֵ˷Ĺ
Ȼһʴͨٶϻ˼ƣʱӳʵһλ
ͨû취ƽɫҲ޷˺ں
㻹ǴȻֱܹԴںһȴҲʱģҵҪ㻹֧Ŷá
һ߹һ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬˵ģĵ顣
һûںϱԴ̶ֳȵĹ̾ͻˡ
ʱðһڹ⣬ɢǿҵĻϢֱӺ˽ɫϡ
أ
Դȭ䴩˽ɫϡ
ۡ
ɫĻӿڣڵˮԴͽԴȫʼֱټϻԴƻ̾˲ơ
˴ʱϵıڱˣȻûںϱԴ֮ǻˣֱӱ嵱
ԥһʧԭأ֪ӵȥˡ
ˣ
һҲʧԭأֻʣҡͷ̾ľһĴͳɵľʹڵӡ
һ뵽ʮǰ廹ǵʦֵܣǵһּΪӵĸоԺ˿˿ļ֮顣
ڵ壬Ѿܹһǿ߱ͷܣͬΪʦֵܣһҫ
һ뵽һڲ̶̼ʮʱ䣬֮ĲѾǵһ㣬ǵﲻ˿˿ʣΪʲôǸ˲ǡ
ľǻ˲֪ϹŶЩľʹϵı飬ǻ֪ʲô
ֻҪŬ㲻ԸĳɹǽҲһԼĻԻ͡ǲŬĻ˵ϲ壬ʦֵܣҲὫ˦
ľĻڶľʹӵ΢΢һȫ¶֮ɫ
Ԩ㣬˶
ʱĽӵеʵͷŬϲ壬Ҳñ˴˵ĲСһ㡣
ľʹڶӣﰵ嵱ŬĿ꣬ʱȴ˲ƣѰټ


453 ظ

˽Ĳ֮Ѿ棬ҪץסһΪѵ顣
ֻɫܲˡ
һ̾ͳһɫ⻪ɽУֱӲԱߵ֮С
磬ΪǺĳַԴںϣԿԽؼڵķתƵκһط
Եһǿߣ޷ߣΪԷںϵıԴҪ࣬ѹΧգ޷˲ƣͺǿռһֻпռ䷨С
ʵȻǿǽṹ;еƣڱԴϣǱһЩ
ʱ۳⣬ҪӰؼˮ֮Դͽ֮Դ˲ܵӰ졣
⻯ĳֱӹͨˮϵֱ֮Ӳ˵ײˮϵԴϣˮϵԴһ𵴡
ɫתϽˮϵԴתԴˮϵԴ𵴵ø
ڽˮϵԴ˲Ƶһġʹֳˮϵʿȫоһķҡ
ЩѾӴԴĽʿĿǴգˮϵԴڵλÿȥ
ոհ񽣲汾Դϣ̾һɿֲѹ£ͬʱͷϵУһѷ졣
ѷ֮Уӿ޾ˮϵԴڿһɫ硣
ˡ
һεɢȥӴ֮ˮϵԴɵɫֱƾɢ
ۣؿһƣһѪ
ϵͳҲȫôֻÿζҪǿһѪʵе࣡ĨĨǵѪһû˵ӣЦ˵
ڵϵʱ򣬾Ϊܵͷϵͳ£ֻǿһѪ¡
ʵԽԽǿϵͳʶԽԽļɵҲԽԽ
ʵ̫ɺϡ̫죬һ飬Ԥһ㡣
һRPGϷֻܰռȶ·ǰûѡ񣬾һЩҲѾźõġ
ܹģһֱȥֱսʤBOSSͨϷ
ЩˮϵԴʿڲ˹ˮϵԴ֮ȫ¶Ц֮ɫ
Ȼ˹Դǲ֪ͷֻ˲ͻữɻңûʲôʹࡣ
û뵽ھȻн治֪ԴĺǾԵɱٰ֮
Ϊʲôԭ򹥻ԴˣԴɲı⡣
Щʿ۷׷׵ʱٴһ񽣣֮УֻһǹˮϵԴһǽϵԴ
ϵԴҲһ𶯣ոսϵ򱾱Դ˲Ƶٴα˳
ͷٴγ֣˹ȻֱϵͳסֻһѪ
¼ЩϵԴʿҲȫܵ仯ĿͶ˷Դ֮
ҲЩˮϵĽһ鲢û⣬ֻһЦݵسЦ䡣
̳񽣣ȻַԴɵӰСﲻ̫Ӱ졣
ǣЩ˵ȴһ鷳񽣴ڵʱڣȫû˲ơ
վ֮УɫأˮϵԴǽϵԴɲΪɺϡ
ȻǸֻҪԴͻᱻ𣬵ˮϵԴͽϵԴЩ
ѵڹ˷Դ֮ˣôܣ
˼ǧʱǰһǰ
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455 ַ
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457 ػ
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ʱɵۺҲȫ鿴ߵ
ŵǲ֣̺ܵԶϢҲɵһɫѿ
һֱΪǵѾʿ׻û˿󻼣ڲ֪ЩԶȻôǿĺ֡
Щɵۺȫֵ̽ĳܶȣ֣ǵĹûκ֣ϵЩӰø
Ȼ޷ƻ֣ǾȥЩݻ٣ֻҪûЩû˴ڵĸͻΪһֻޡɵ˵
˭֪䣬ԭ޶ǲ֣漫ٶȹ١
ɵۺӷ׷˲һξ룬ͷֱֽ֣˳ϽܵǲֵŲֹͣ
һĻЩɵۺɫѿɵ۸˵Ǿ仰־չ˲òⱳһֻĻֲһС
һ뵽Ļ֣ڶɵۺ뵽ľǸΪ˵ŮӣҲֻʵԽڶɵŪڹ֮С
ŭǣȻǷǿȴ˿δ䣬Ծ޷ơ
һţݴ½˽ȥζɵͳֻʣһС룬һҪʱĲʳ
ȥֻҪʱ䣬ͿԽ绯磬ʱȫʵɳǡ
ڿִֻǰǸƻˣ취ѹ˵˵Ĺϵֻǲһɵۻ˵
뷨ȻãʵʩĿԲ˻ǽӴ壬Ҹ˵𣿡ɵһҡҡͷ
Ҫģǻмʱ䣬ܻҵġɵֿһ۹֣Ȼʧԭء
ɵۿŹ֣һĬҲʧԭء
ɵۺɵҲ뿪ĸǿɵ뿪ɵۺҲ׷ȥ
ϣſţ˲ϢĹ֣ҲЩסˡ
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벻ǣػĵǲ֣ȻǿڶɵۺҲ޷ơ
Һбȥ̽һ»ĵ֮ˣﵽʲôܣĻΪλǿ󣿡
ܵǲдǿϢ
ܹ֮̽صܣ˵ŵٶȣӿࡣ


458 δ
վ̩ɽ£ͷ¿ȥЩɽʯͬһܹ赲ߡ
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ֻȥһˡ
ҡҡͷһͳ޴󹬵档
ţΪЩ⣬ڵʵȥͻﵽǿ߶׶Ը⹬ܽƵطȥȻ򵥡ҶڴԽԽˡ
建ߵǰͼ֮ϣĸһǰߣһ޴֮ϣޱ飬ڶ
һϵĸһβŮӣò޾ף£СڱܣһˣԱߵĵϷһޡ
ӦǺŮ洣ֻΪûп̹ţЩʣҡͷЦЦ̽⣬ƿţ˽ȥ
߽֮󣬿ڵΣ͸оͥĵ棬š
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۵ϳ˵ƣ¶һͳϵ£ΨҶ̬
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໪¶޾·ֻҪͿԻ޾
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Աߣһɫ۵Ӷۡһִݲȵȣ޾һ֮䡣
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Щеĵ񣬾һģ壬ɢϢǶ⣬̵γΪһϸ
ӦҲѧϰһ£һǶӦãҲܹһЩ
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Ŷо˽ԽԽպҪѡķһ֪
ɵʵȻٶСÿһ㶫ʿԼģҲֻѹƣ޷ᡣ
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԰ɵΪĲ䣬ЩûгΪʿɵóڳΪʿλó
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ص֮ÿźӣȻÿһ꣬ҲСˡ
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ĸױŽ岻˸ۣÿζֻҪһҪѵСӾͻὫүү̽й
Сǲ쵷ңҪѵˣʵ
ҧָͷҡҡͷԥطϡ
̫ϧˣΪѾڵ湻ˣ͵ʦһʱ䣬ڿ˰ɣ
ҡҡͷ̾һ˵
˵¶ϲ֮ɫæ˵ͷĿڵְ֣˵û쵷ңҪѵ򶼷ˡ
˵ɫһһ֣ͷɵĻûκη֮
Ҫ˵ĸףæ˵裬ղҲˣСԼˣѵһ٣
˵Ҳĸ׿ڣСƨɾžžơ
ˣˣⶼüˣˣĸʮ۵˵
ְƭˣһίؿ壬᲻䡣
ϰҿɴûƭ㣬ҵȷǴ㽫͵ʦһʱģôԸԸȥһӣЦʵ
ȥ棬̾˿ޣæȷϵģ
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үү̺⹫Ŷʮֵĳ谮ǸţҲӰ棬Ȼʮͬˡ
С壬ǲǷʲô飿
ҪǺߣĸһġ
裬İɣÿ춼ҪǷʲô飬㻹֪ľСȥأЦŵ


459 ̸
˵ĸԾЩģſҪʣȴһԵסˡ
ˣӵİɣǴһԼԭ򣬾ǴҲʲôֻǺӵ׸ˡ
֣˵ʲôأѾռ˴磬ﻹᷢʲô飬ֻǳȥɢɢģǲҪˡЦ˵
ģĸ¶֮ɫ
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˵ĸŷģʼ׼ε֮á
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ȵĸĸ׼֮һǰѿһռͨͨ
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֪ڵĶɵ˾İ£ܹƷͳεġ˵
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ԶȥıӰŭ壬Ϊһʤ𣿵꼴Ǻųƴ̹ţҲսˣΪǸǿô
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ЩֻϧҶĻȤһж˵˵ЩŪ
ҡҡͷٺ˵Ǽŵȥ

һɽ֮۵ĹУݴ½ɵۺӴʱȫ棬չ⻪һͳڹ֮У̾˵Ŀ⡣
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ţľһλľԴӡ
û˵Լȥ˵
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İɣϴעһָԸܱ˿ƵˣֻҪ֪飬ǵĿľʹﵽˣԺֻҪҵᣬһᱬġɵһ˵
ɵ۵Ļеɵۺ˵ͷ

ص˵֮ȥһ̩ɽеʹŶٻٻˣһȥԼĸĸжһ档
ݴ½ϣЩɵۺɳʿֲóһߣȫֹš
£չٶһȴ˿ڵ޾ʱûĶ
ʱ棬ϲľǻףһԲ롣
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ЩƼĹУֶò󣬵͵ĹУȴһɱС
׾ͺһԽЩսʿʵŴ󼸱Ѿʮǿսʿٱ׷Ŵ󼸱ʵͽֲսҲʮɵ顣
ȻڵʵһͿսڣԾòֺ


460 ϵͳ
ÿһҪ飬ô׾ǵڶҪ顣
һҲܳʱ䣬ܹﵽһ̶ȣһͬǿȵĻףֻҪѰҵһЩĲϣͿ
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ĻȫΣûκ״񾭽£Դ˲Żʹ״Ļס
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ȻƼҵĻ׾Ͷ˶ˣָ״УҲֳɼʽ״ҿ׸·
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ǣʲôˣǿ߳³ϵʦȻ˲֪һ㣬ǳ³һԸ̣̾ϸʽס
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忴̨ϵսԺȴ˼תβܹܿ˵ļӣȥѰԼҪϢ
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ҪϵͳĻֻʹòԴϵͳа


461 ֮
ڵͷ֮ȻϵͳǺϵͳĲ̫󣬸пܵģҲֻе̹ŵѪ֮ˡ
̹ŵѪ֮ǵΡ֮ҪԸĪϵͳоЩ
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Ѫ֮ǰĸΣֱӡںϡҡ
ӾҪһЩǿʿĺȵѪһ𣬽伤ڵѪ֮
Ѫ֮󣬾ҪЩѪ֮Լӡʹ֮ΪԼãںϾ硣
ںϵѪԽԽ࣬ʿԼҲԽԽӽֱǳ׽ԼѪתȵѪģǻ磬Ҳ嵱ǰľ硣
Ѫ֮ĵĸǱңһҪµʣڵѪȫתԼѪȣԳһ
ңҡ߶š
ʱ̨ѾֳʤԳ³ϵʵ׾ͽʵȫ˳ֻǼУͽ˶С
моͱ³Ͻ㼸˶һЩ㶣ǼƽҲд裬֮Уһġ
ղֹ֮Уǵ䡣ǵӮˣƴӵܡ
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Ҫ֪еĻȻҲֻԲһʵҲ¾أв࣬ôҲӦðܵôҡ
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