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ߣżʮ

ݼ
һСģһİשҵԴ
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ЩͥΪĶڸȴѵõı
ЩֵĹӡ㣬ζһȹЧΪ˼ֿȵĶ
Ӵˣʼͥ˼


1 ͥɨ
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ǰããһƬռЩ㶣ûκεľЩ¡
ǵԼȥμһҹ˾ԣԻʧˣ׼뿪ʱͻȻһԴϣһھ˹ȥȵٴ۵ʱ򣬾Īĵط
ͽܰ
Щ֪ʱһ˷ܵͻȻ𣬽űصһļϣĵڵء
ͻȻֵһŭĿԲĻعͷȥ˵òʱȴǲɵסˡ
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һ˵һﻹһש
һŭ˵ԭղžѾðשҵİ
ʧܣоһŭԵ޹ʵֱһשҵĪĵطȻĪɱش壬ŭʤڿȭžҪɡ
˭֪ڸȭͷʱǸɱشȴָһ£л
£ˡ
ɱش忴ҡͷ̾Ϣ˵ʦŲҰɨôôͽܣʦᣡǡ
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Ȼ֤е뷨ֻɨǴһ̽һɨѳƨɾһҴ򣬿лдʵ϶㲻ʦصΪʦɣе뷨ʲôֵģ
סΣ޷㣬ɨÿ¶ǽʵʵĴƨϣʹҲˣֻʵ̫ѿˡ
˼תĺܿ죬ɨǸղ˵ĻѾɨʮа˾һˣȻɵĻѵͥ
뵽æͶʦҴҴˣұ֤´Ҳˣ
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УоԼһںʱˣƵսȣӢޱȣŻһ˷֮սԼ潪ַ̣ȻѱУ̨ϣΪŭǾ̷ȻѣΪϲһС±Ϊɨǣһ£ȥˡ
ЩϢʵɨ֮ǰľɨƵʱˣȻԼƽ˸ӦʱѾˣЩϢӿ˸ԺС
ƵϢΪӴ󣬻иƾ˼һ㣬ʵнֻǹȥ˼ѣٴ۾ʱ򣬿ɨǵĿҲޱȳ
˲ðΪʦֻһͥ๤ȴû뵽ȻôıŭǾʱӶûأԼ˴ˣȻѾΪɨˣǵɲ˵ûûģ
ŸݵɨεҡҡͷֻԼˣȻԼƸ˸µҲûˣʹɣ
һУеƱɨǷ˹ȥһ˸С
˵ʦû뵽Ȼô簡ֱǿקſը찡
ɨǵһ۵Сӣƨˣץʱɺû£
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һϲͥĶԵѪ¶ֱӡԼϣ붪Ҳˣ
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ߣû뵽ʦȻҲһɫ֮
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2 ҽԺ
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ǰֳһɫĹâ̵ò۾ȵâɢٴ۾ʱȴֲɵסˡ
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˵ô˵ǹ˾ſܵˣסԺڼһзöǹ˾ǮǶһ㲹ϣܽܣ

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ܾЩֵֹġ
ѾԼΪҪ֮ǰڶͷϲſʹãͬʱöƲԼϵģԼ̨֮ϡ
һһϢӿ˴ԡ
Ϣ˵ıʱ䣬йĵصһЩע֮һĿռ䡣
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˵ռӦþװõˣ
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뵽ɵЦ
ڳϢһᣬĶӱ㹾ʱŷԼƺûôԶ
򵥵ʰ£ţ˳Է֮⣬׼ȥһ·ӣϾԼҲǮˣҲǸûõķˡ


3 
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˵һʷƣΪԼڷＯſڱɨİשҵˣԷＯΪҵשǴǹ˾߲ģӦıееΣ⳥һǮ
ʦһשҵã
Ǯһ˵ܲ㲻ʲôǶڸ߳Уŵĸ˵һʾ޿ˣټбôԣĸʵũ񣬼иһڶеãǮԵҪˣ
򵥵˼֮еԼĸĸʣµǧҷӺͻǽȴַһص⡣
ҪǸĸǮô˵أ
˵ʵ϶ǲˣֻøĸĶѣѵҪ˵ԼҵһݺùԼĹʣ
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ĿһֱøͽȻҪʶ㵽ԱߵıУǾѻҲ޼£
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4 ͥɨѣϣ
Ƭ֮󣬿еһشɨѣɵÿЦ
ȻҲͥĶ˵ҲֻɨģսĻҲûʲôðɣǸռ䣬ƺҲֻװһЩȻĻְƶȥȻͽ׽ȥ
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ˣɨѾɨѰɣô˵ҲϵĶ˵˻أ
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ʱƾȻ۶𾪵ɫƺʱ̻ұС
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յұʱע⵽ţǿһܺ棬ſڸĴڣ֮žȻֱͨһСӣߵĻʺϲˡ
һ˿âæ˵ͷű㻺վͽֻǰס˫֣δס˫š
˭֪ССĶͽע⣬ϸعͷȵʲô
ЩµСҡϸ
鷳ϸ粻ͷָǽ˵ȥǱߣȥ
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૵ĴӦһűϸ۵Դŷ˹ȥ
ŲԽԽ˿̵Ǵҳһ£һ˫Ưĸ߸ЬԼҰС
͵شһܣ
һ˲䣬Ʊײǵ˽ȥæվһɨ׼Ķɨ˹ȥ


5 ͥɨѣ£
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ԽһתٺЦ˲ҧԼָѪĨɨϡ
УɨȴǲɵüͷаСӻǹԵģȻҵɨ㶼ҪΪУ
ڸɨ֮ǰɨһֱɨǵģɨɣȻѪʹõķǽԼԪӡԼҪĶϣֻԼʹˣзǿĨȥԪӡȻֻɴԪӡ˭á
ȻֻһݵëͷСӶѣֻ򵥵İ취ˣ
һ˿Ѹеʮֵƣˣһͷڴϱ˯˹ȥ
ʱ򣬾ڸղǼСſڣƽй̾ӶӳǰѾòıȴüͷԶľУҲһ𾪵ĿǼұꡣ
һзʵ̫ͻȻˣֱһģԼŸôʣץͽأ˭֪ͻȻԼһС˳ŻûǼұǽںͰݶô˳ȻͬʱɳĻͽѾɵˣֻ˵һ֣

ͷʹˣѵԼҪдϼı˵ǹʣȻץͽô
ģô°


6 ɨ
ͽܣøɻˣ
ڸ˯ԺʱɨǵȴԺ
ʲô˯
ǺĴӦһ䣬ȴͻȻһ飬ʦ
һԼѾһƬİĻˣǰҲûɨǵӰ
ˣԺɨǵִ˳ΪʦڲֻͥͨƸ㽻һЩѣһ칤ǧΪʦ
˵ɣأ

ɨţҪ֪ſͥŻͥɴ˴ͨνͥ棬ɵúúôɨС
ҼǵŲΪ㲻ɨԵʶð಻һŭ֮·ţ˺ɱų𣿡
ɨǻδ˵꣬Ĵȴǲһ䡣
ʱԼʦʲô̶ȰȻʹΪţʱҲǸ˵Щ档
ӣ⻰˵õɣͥﶼϷһ˴ɨΪǺ׵żһҲǺ
ɨǱ
ӣǸ֮һɣ
૵˵
⻰ȴҲǱɨǸˣɨǲмƲƲ˵仹˸ҽдô
ӵһЦˣ
һ󼤶Ҳһˣ˭֪׼ٴϼ仰ʱɨǵִ˹
ͽܰ𵢸ʱˣȥɣŻͦģץʱ䰡
ʦ㵽жûдɨ˰
Щɻʵ
ร𣿡ɨ˵ź˼ꣿ񲻶ԣʮꣿҲԣٶʮһꣿҲԡ
һᱼʦͥˣûа뷲ǶԵˣ
Ƭ֮󣬸ǰѾѪ׵ɨѣ·ͼ˴˵еš
ӳģϸһ顣
Իűپʤ
Ի׳򼶸ǧۡ
˼ǴˣǾ죬񾡿ͥɾʥ˼Էȴֻȥˡ
мλһʮ־޴ΰң顰šν֡
ΰӻ绢̣ǽͥŻҪȻѾּһĻܡ
Űţڼ˵еˣ
˷ܵĴһæ˹ȥ
ѷǽɻڣͨȻ޷ͨŽͥģϵƣȻҲֹܡ
ŵʱ򣬾ͺ񴩹һһ㣬ʮֵͣĸоø˷ܣǽǰľȴôҲ˷ܲˡ
ź󣬱һƬ޴Ĺ㳡ʲô̶أĿжʮͨôͥǲһ㰡
֮֮ɨɨɨôҲ˷ѵѣ͵Ƕˡ
Ҳ֪ɨ˶ãֱ۵ĶҪòеɨˣŰ㳡ϵɨһЩڹ㳡룬һСɽһ㡣
ͥû½ĸɨҲԳΪո֮ǰ˽⣬Щɨ֮ҪһС桱ĵطдģǸʦղŸΪԼûȥ洦ˣԹйرˣҪٴ򿪻鷳Щֻøдˣ
һƨڵϣɨҲһ󷸳
ȻͥûпԴЩĵطôЩҲֻԼ½紦ˣһţһ߶ǰɽ
һǰɽѸۿɼٶȱеĿռڣһɽš
ɾˣ
ѾȻһµŹ㳡ο˿ȻѾɨɾˣôԼҲûûбҪˣȻͥĶȴΡ
һâԾı۾ٴ۾ʱ򣬱㷢Լɵ˳ݵĴϣ˿ʱ䣬ϾŵӶѣ򵥵ϴһ£š
Ѿȫƿͥʱ䣬ͥʱ½粻һһ죬½ңҲ˵ֻҪÿһξɨǵĹˣҹʱûӲҪнУôӰ½ҪȥҹͷˣϾͥĹûнˮġ
ϰ壬һ붹
ԶԶأһ͵꺰һŵ֮Ŀ鵽ڲŵĵӻ
£ǵˣ


7 լ
̨Ϣձһұڷһ˷˼飬ͽЮһŮұУھ׼ȵʱȴȻ˳֮ͻȻ޹ʱըֳδκαըʣͽҲѾƣרҽܣһ͵ըҩ
ƨըҩɨɨĺôڵרԽԽˣ
һߴڳͶһ߷߷߲ƽ뵽
ҪĿҷӣϾǷʵǲٿˣԹ緹֮㿪ʼҷӣֻн飬ķӣûһҺʵģתۼ͵硣
֪ģһϷǰⶰϷһСԺȥʮˣŴǴͳľƷˢ˺ᣬȻЩǿȥȴЩɣĸо
Ȼøͣ½ŲģȴſڲԶһ߸ϵĹ档
жСԺһףΪг˾סͼ۳ۣ߽ԣöʮʮ֮䣬صϸģֱţ
γĿⷿ򷿣˵˾ƾϵ飬ҲֻѣĹ˼Ȼ򷿵ôҪк棬ǰȥš
ڼ𣿡
˭˺ôһŴһԲϵűһؽŲ𣬿ӵӦһˡ
֨ѽ
һ죬ɫĴŻ򿪣һͷסɫ԰׵˳˸ǰ
ү˵ⷿҪǮ
˵´һ¸ȻÿӵȽ˵ɣ
֮һܴԺӣԼһƽԺľмʯ̾һС·С·ԻĻݣеĸϵãҲеĸû
үͦϲݵİ
˵ĿҲǰ˹ȥʱ˵վһСк
үӲһסİǴһס
һƣѵԼôСϲô漴С˸Сƺһæܿˡ
ٺһЦ˼ǰȥȻûע⵽ǣתһ˲䣬Сȴһͷһǽڲˡ
ݵķʽ¥Ϊ㣬һ¥ǿ¥鷿ҡ
˽һ¥ĿֻڷŵĶһɫĺľҾߣҲǹӵţԶĵطڷһ;׵Ѭ¯һɵӣȼյƺһϡ
ôĺľҾߣյôõѬ㣬үӿ϶һǮˣֻⷿٱҲһٶɣ
жʱЩ漴ȻˣԼ϶ⷿӵģôʲôã౻үһҲˡ
֮˸һˮæֽӹ
лл
˲ôֱӿżɽʵʲô֣ˣӴ𣿡
ǰ⣬һȴøЩɻˡ
ôӻҪһģ
룬ʵĻش˵⣬Ȼص˵ԼӺܴ
ϻôҲ˵ͥСɨˣ׼ģô˵Ҳǰˣܲ
ЩɵĿڸɨһɨƺô˵ĻҲ޿κΣϾԼְͥǲ߱˵ģԼΪҲǲ֪ģЩ
ѧҲˣ֪ʶмأſѧˣŹ֮˵𣿡
Ƭ֮ڿڣû뵽ȴ˵ôһĪĻ
аҵȻˣʦͥɨǣͥҲȥˣŻɨأ
⻰Ҳֻ룬һǱȽϹŰˣͨ˶ǲŹ֮˵ģҡҡͷ
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ĵ˵ͷֵСӣҶ⣬㣬Ը𣿼Ǯ˵㣡
ʲôô
ʱһͷˮˣԽԽ㲻ˣôҪѾˣôԼӵļ۸үô°
׷мӦһңҪǼмҾߵĻҪһʮ򣬰ո룬ôҲ߰ʮ򣬶Լͷò
ϵԥ֮ɫ˶ʱЩʧϵĲ豭ݵߡ
ʱղǸСͻȻڣСĵĴ˸һ֮ǸѬ¯˹ȥѬ¯̰ǹɵ̡
ǸСüͷ˵үѬȻǺöҲôɣѱѬ¯ˣôҲ˵
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һ죬ȴеıˤ˵ϡ
˵ʲô㡭㿴ˣ


8 С
𾪣кƣ˵Ƕôѵ㿴
Ѭ¯һָΣǶ
˵һ룬ȴס죬Ϊ˿Ѭ¯ֱĿտҲˣʲôС
Ÿһֹģ˸æеʵģ
һ˵һĴɫǻ
عͷȥ׼ǸСѾ˵ʱȴһĻ棬ŵë
ֻǸС˿˵Ĳϣһ׺ݵĿ
ղž̫ԶûпСòڽ뿴ŷСɫ԰׵ˣƤҲǲҰײҰ׵ģͲǻӦеģ
ģײ˹
пһɫȴûбֳϾʱӵɨǼļ䣬ʲôûСҲֻǸСɫѣ˵ƻСҲκã
ҲΪʲôӻôҪˣһҪһСļһⶰӣСͻȻֵĻŹˡ
ˡطǲܶˣ׻˵üСѲȻСҲԸʲôϵ
뵽վǸ˵ɶϴүҪûɶµĻҾ˰
˵⻰ʱ̧ͷˣΪ˿ǸС˵Ĳϣһ˫۾ȴǶϣȻЩˣϸ룬֪ⶰйҪⶰӣȻҲʲôˣ˵СȻ֮ҲһʲôĹϵСǰǱ˺أ
𡭡ȱߣģҡлҪ˵
Ҫ뿪һӱЩæ˵
Σȴֲŵˣֻ˵ھߡ
һȴЩϲұߵĿ˵磬ô
磿
һĪĳƺøɵۣûиСԺүүˣȻ磿ʲô߼
Ȼһƺȴ˲ϵСϵһ£۾Ҳһ˿
¸иΪԾСķӦƺǳƺ֮䵽ʲôϵ
Ҫѯ˵ʱ˲ϵСȴǿˡ
Ҹ㣬ûʲô˵ģ
쳣һ˿УøǣС˵ȴǺͯһ˵
ڵһ˲䣬ӺһֱɳϵȥǸСҲͻȻʧˡ
ҲѾô˵־Ͷְ
ŭһæȥ鿴˵ЦҪֻ֪һСҪ˳ʲôµĻҲ鷳Ͼ֮˵ھõġ
ȴһ˺ڣֻǻʹȥ˶ѣС̫
˭֪ʱԶķȴǡžһԶرܴҲйرԶ˵ȻСĽˣҪ㰡
ҪͨϣŵˣǸ˭õͥɨǣôС
һƿռڵǰɨѱƾճУ˵еɨѣĿɨŴȵСɣ
һƾȡŵǸСٳٶûг֣Ǹ֪˿һǱӵĳ䣬źʵĻ֡
øʮֵĲˬɨѣԺ׵ӵκһطһȻݲȵ뿪ǡ
ڰڷŵĸɫҾߺĿĹŶֻ̾˿
갡ڵκζǳֵǮĺòãǴһźľⲻˣ
ڸЩƵʱȴһϮ˹
֪ǲΪԼϹͥԵʣڵرãӦҲǹϮʱ弸ı˿
ţһ˲䣬еɨѱҪСɨȥʱЩͷΪС˿ǸѬ¯档
ʮʮ򡭡
һĬŶѬ¯Ĺۣһ߽еɨѷ
СҲ˸еɨѲһĶҲ˸ƺһٻĶֻǶԶʱʱĴһҲǧСͨ˵Ļͷζģһ򵱳пܡ
¸ЩǱˣС壬κڴ󣬿һǻˣСһֻĴкһŭ
ʱԶĵطһɼϢԼٶϮ˹
ڳˣ


9 ֵ
úã
аһͬʱæ߶̨ϵƣСצҪץϵʱ򣬸Ϻһһö׶ߵͻȻ

һҽУС˳ȥ˸ָƷԸȥ
ѪĸоиͷƱѾ˸һǸڵصС
С˿Ѿû˸ղǰɫиǾޱȣۿö޴ƾҪѹæ˹ȥ
죬Ƹ죡
СǰֻһʱһɼӴײϣǰԵײζɢ˼֣
ûиķԸȻǲͣģۿǵָ߸߷׼ײʱСڱɫæڵش
ãʹ׷Ȼ֪䲢ֻЩСڵģ֮ϸڣȻǰСӿòȴüԼޱȵķ֣Ҳ˼Ĵ֮ˣǷŭַӶԼɢ˿̣ﻹҷ

Сһ֮жʱǽػ˻֣ƱͻȻСͷϣɳȻС󵨵СҲȥ鷳Ѿˣû뵽ȻҶҳ֣ѵ㲻𣿡
ҲҡСһ߿ͷһ˵ҡֻɶѣûҪ˺ɡ
ˣۼСסĿͷжʱҲЩþԸػɣЩҪ㣬ҪƭҵĻ֪ģ
˵䣬˲ɢһǿѹȸУѹС͸
Сֵ̿Ҫ֪ʲôһʵشֻܹһ
ĵ˵ͷ漴ջƣֻƻһ
ʲô֣Ϊʲôʲôϵ
ɡССشҽлҵļңô
С˵ĿǸ˹ȥ˲һ˿
ҵ˫̥ܵܣ
ʲôôܣ
Ȼ뷨浱С˵֮Ǳ𾪵ˡ
һǳĺˣһСȻֵܣ
ɣȷʵֵܣֻʮǰһҲȥˣֱڶһͯģ
С͵
รԭ˵ͷʵȻĵܵܣΪʲôҪأ
ˣҲûкֻǡ
С˵ţеԵɶ˵˳
ԭСǸȷʵһ˫ֵ̥ܣֻʮǰһУСȥˣȥ֮ĴԹޣԸȥֻתǱص˼УҲǴ˿ڵϷӡ
˵˫̥֮иӦڸȥ֮Ϊܵܵл޵ĸоƺԼߣǵ¸߸ĸ֮󣬻ȴǸĸһʧʹޣȻлȥҽ
ĸĸлгʼֻģֱȴԹޡ
ۿűܵܵİȫܵռˣԭǵһҲܵһռˣлУ˼ʣ⼵ʣȴ˶ԵܵлԹޡ
ӴԺһֱлֱӡӣʱлѱһĺˡ
лƺһֱ֪ĴڣȴδڸκˣֻĳЩʱſ˵һЩĪĻл֪Щʵ˵ġ
ΪĴڣл֣֮԰ǳĵط
л֪ʵһֱڼԼʼնںԼһУԵΪ
ֱһ죬л¶˾ģҪ䷿ӣնлһУȻ⵽лķԣڸǰл˺üǰˣݵҲǴ˿ҲûˣȻǸ⣬Ϊ֪飬Ҫ֪䷿ǹݵĻҲǲġ
˵ʵҲһ£νѶϼ£СƺҲû˺˵ҲֱһӰĵĻɢ˵ҪԼˣͷ˻ƴ
ڿΨһİ취ҲǽСˣȻҪԸ뿪Ļٺòˡ
뵽ſС˵Ͼ˹;ѾˣѾʮˣʲô˼һбҲĴȻ䷿ӣų׸ϵֺαִţϽͶ̥ȥɣ
СЦɣ޴ȥˣʮǰʱұֻתʱ䣬ѾûתΪ˵Ļˣ
ЩͷСԸ뿪ȻȥͶ̥ת˭֪СѾֻתˣҪ뿪ĻֻҸطסţʱ֪ҪŵˣҲסˣϾͷҲġ
ŸüͷСƺҲµһЩ飬ЦŶԸ˵ģҲ˽ˣղðɵʱҲСɢ̫ѾǲˣǺܿͻץһȥˣ
ǣ˭
ڸɻʱһɸϢȴϮ˽


10 ʹ
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ԽӺˣСղűԼЩĵĻɢʱҲûôֻţһʮֵˡ
˾ĹʹڼʮǰǾѾʼĴ׽ˣΪصĺãһֱδҵڡ
С˵Ҷ㲻ȥˣ㲻ȥˡ
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뵽ŶŵûС˵£ǲôģ
ɣ㡭Ըң
СŵĿŸ˵
˰ﵽףͷ͵ô˵ҲҶæҰﶨˣȥ
лɣлɣ
ŸҪԼԸ˾ĹʹСֿصͷ˸㲻Ҳ˼Ĵ֮ˣ˼һĹ񶼲Ըġ
뵽жʱࡣ
ϢԽʱʱ͸ڣ϶һ˿⣬һͷ㿴Сһ̺Ӹлϡ
СҪ˺лĻʲôҲϵǻ᲻ϵʴл˴ĻУûһغˣлȴڣԣСһֱŬؿԼȥ˺л
ǿС̫ԸǸĻó֡
ڵĵƺһ˸¶ҲͻȻһߴӰ⡣
Сţʹ˾Ĺʹٳʹȥ˾ȻĻٲĿͷ
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󵨣һСҲԳƱɣǿ
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ˣΪԼЩС;𣿱ʹ˾ɹʹץͣ˼Ĺ»ҰҿĪҪǸСȻҪֱʹˣ
С㿴ˣүүɲʲôˣүүͥɣһʹҲ˾ҵҵԱNɪʲô
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Сģ
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Ƭ֮󣬸еɳϺŲ裬ԶĵϣСʹʵʵĹ
ǹʹû֮ǰŵģµ˺ۣϸ˵壬ҲָܿĿͥҪָҲô׵ˡ
ҸղײʱԸоһĪѹѹȫãΪˣ˭֪ƺȡֻǴѡ
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ⲻ־ͥʱЯ
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11 Ǯʹĥ
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һϷö˲㱬һǿϢѹζɢ˼֡
ֵĴеССһ취
Ŷ˵
ǿѹȸ˲ִɢ˿ȥӴɣСͻȻǿֻسصϲǮģ㹻Ǯ˵ͨǣͿԲ˾ֱֻתˣ
žǮʹĥ˰ɣ
˿˵ǮðֽǮղ͵ˣͬʱҲЩпǮȻǸöĶûǮ첻˵¶
˵˵ֻͨسصĹҪǮ
дżһ£ҪҰɣ
Ҹڣ󷽵˵ֻҪܰ£
࡭лɣСһУضΪɾϹѣ
˵ţͷͬʱҲǲɵֺڵĻֻسصһЩ㣬뻹ʣһңСҪȥͶ̥תģЩǮ϶Ǵˣ󻹲Լģ
һЩͶ̥תϸڣȻһһشˡ
ȷĿ֮󣬸Ŷһ˷ܵС˵ղŵĻҲ˰ɣûʲôµĻ͸߰ɣֽǮոģ㻹ʲôҪ𣿡
лɣСĶŸͷѾûκεǣˣֻǡЩ˵
˵ͷϾοԶˣֵܾʮ꣬Ҳʱûһˡ
СлߣḧһлԴֻһĹâ㱻лԴл͵һȴȻδѣֻ۽ȴᡣ
Բ𣡡
С˵仰󣬱ͷҲصߡ
ɣûʲôµĻС͸ˡ˵ƺʲôӿڴóһöССƹĵݸС֮ʲôõСĵطʱٻС
ӹƣʮֵıǽƺһʯƳɵġ
һ̧ͷСûӰȻѾ뿪ˡ
ϢҲɢ˿ջ֮㽫ĴŴ˿͸лϣлһ˹


12 һǮ
˰ҪҪȱˮ
һ˵ţһߵһˮݸл
ͬʱҲǷɿתŸôл͡
Ͼղŷһ˵ʵ̫ڷ˼ˣҸȥ
лӹݹˮһڣ͵ˣ
˵ͷ
ȥˣ
˾ȥ˾Ͷ̥תȥˣ
Ŷ
Щ򵥵Ķ԰׶ʱøЩزһ飬֪˾ԼʮĸѾ뿪һŶ֣
δ̫˰ɣ
иղõһ˵ֻ¶ȥ
֪ģлҲ㣡
ţ
һ㶣лʱŷ⻰Ƕ˵ġ
лүүû°ɣҪȥҽԺ
̽˵
лЦĸļû£ֻǡЩпˣ
˵źߵ˴ǰŴⷢ
ǰһ˸ղСлԴһĹââӦþСл˵Ļˡ
СͻˣлҲͻˡ
Լһһ⿪ʮĽᣬǸԿʼµ뵽ҲЩο漴뵽ȻѾԼٴҲûʲô˼ˣߵл׼ǡ
лүүҪûʲôµĻҾȸˣ
ߣлһӻعȥ
ؼҰ
ĶҲȥˣҽɣ
л˵ȥƣֻø˽ȥ
һǮû
лͻȻعͷʵ
С
ȻлľٶǴӿڴһG˹ȥ
лøɳһԼǽݣһͼżļ˳
ǸʲôҿûôǮķӰ
лݵԼǰݹͬɵۣ˵үӵô°ԼѹûǮⶰӰ
УлЦеһǮѾˣ
лүүò˵ⶰһǮ˰ɣ
Щ𾪵˵Ҹ̫ͻȻЩ
ǵģһǮͷһһЩҪϣ
˵ֻҪܰ쵽飬һģ
ǳˬĴӦ
лĿ͸ԺеƬݣЩݲѾҺöˣϣΪܹ֮ϸĵǣӦ𣿡
ģһúչЩݲݵģҪǲĵĻһʱٻҪЩݲݳĲãʣ
ʮֿ϶ĵ˵ͷ
ˣ㣡лǳĵ˵ͷֵҿԺ󶼲ٻˣ£ҾҪȥҶһסˣұţⶰҪҲչˣҾԲˣ˭֪Ȼ㣡ҡҲǴ˼
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С߰û뵽ֵʮĶԹȻкͽһ죬ҲǶ㣬ܸܲ㵽ʲôˣ
л˵ţĿ˹
ЩΪҪ֪ԼͥҲҪܵģ׸ˣҲϸ˵лʣǲ֪λشˡ
ղŷлȻûпС֮ʱ϶˵ЩʲôԼҪɻأҲô׵ˡ
Ǻǣ㲻˵ҲûϵҲǺʶѣ֪һһˣ
ڸΪΪѵʱлȴ˵
˿ллҲбƲѵĿԣ
⣡лЦЦȻָŸǰĺͬ˵ǩ˰ɣ
ǩ˺ͬٴοǰӣжʱһĪϲá
ڣԼҲзӵˣ
һ춯ͷһ㿴лһƤ˳
Ҫʲô
лʱסˡ
леĻնԸ˵С߰ʵͰ˻գʱ뿪ֻΪĲԲһֱ᲻뿪һе鶼ˣҲ뿪ȥҵˣ
ǡ
ûʲôǵģͰ˰ԺЩݣ㴦ˣˣټ
л˵ЩƤ뿪ˣϣЩᣬ֮Իż뿪ҲԼٴȥ᲻뿪ɣ
л뿪Ӱлүүģұ֤һúչЩݵģ
лͷЦЦת뿪ˡ
ⶰӵԿף˿̵鵱ޱȵļ˷ӣһ˼ҵĸоͬʱһ뵽ľǰң
ԣûǰңҲзӵˣҪסƵطҪǸͷ
˵ǰңʵҲûʲôðģмҵҲһ̨ʼǱԣϴѣ֮⣬ˡ
еĶװڵĿռһ䣬ɵľԼİ֮á
СҪ¸²ŻᵽڣҲٿѺ𣬲˿ѾȥҪˣǹͷĵԸֻԸֽ۵ЩѺ𣬻ԼˬˣҲʡ鷳
ԸֻǼ򵥵Ĵ˸绰߷ԼһӣԺͲסˣڷޱȵУҵ˵绰ת뿪ˡ


13 ͥ
ٴԼ¼ң˶ľڿԺúõĿԼ¼ˣ
лǸƷλ֪ʶӣڵװޡƷİ趼ǼΪģ˹ŵϢʵģⶰӵװ޾ǷǳĸߵˣҪʲôװޡ
ȻˣǰԼ˼򵥲һ£лµĶܶ࣬ЩѹòЩõĶȻҲֻܶˡ
ʰ˰죬ڽӲõķԼ⣬ִƿռóɨѴɨ˵ͥɨɨ֮ƺ쳣ů֮ǰⶰӵ֮Ҳ˲ʧˣ
Ȼͥ
æһеʱѾˡ
۰
һͷɵҵĴϣͷ컨壬ķ飬ͻȻԼһġ
ǰ죬ֻһͨČ˿Ϊ˹ⷿĴæµţһתۣͳͥɨǵͽܣһţƵĹڸһԼķӣ
ˣ򸴺󰡣
̾˭֪ʱĶȴǹԼֻʰˣǳˡ
򿪼еı䣬ЦҡҡͷҲ֪ô£ıȻǿյģֻԼȥˡ
ٳŵʱͻȻ뵽ԼϻһСɽһͥȻЩǴƿռڵģҲЩŤ룬ǽڵĿռ򿪣СɽһƵԺӡ
ЩҪôڻһ⣬ĿǰҪĲǴԼĶӡ
ⶰӴĵλãԱߵĲжţëȥһҲһ٣ȻȥԱߵһҴͳЩĻ˼ҡ
Ҳʲô
տţһӰ㳯Դײ˹һΪ֮ǰǸСȥ鷳±Ťͷ˹ȥ׼ŭʱ򣬸ղŵĺӰȴǰͣ
ƻƻ
һסˣ˿̳ǰĲʲôСһ֦ͷϵĴƻɫʺޱȣֲεĸо
ʱô£
˳ǰƻ˹ȥǰĳȴһ
಻Զĵط˿곤֦Ҷïƻ֦쵽ǽȥˣϹ˺˵ƻһȥƳеһ㡣
ƻĸһƬ̺ľ󣬸ָĻ쳣ޣгһ㣬˲ɵþһ
˿̳ڸǰģһɾ
⵽ô£ֱ̫˰ɣ
ǵúԼղųŵʱԺһжģһСʱңôͷôı仯
ƻ֮ǰеģֱֻ۴ϸСҸʮȷղſƻʱϿһӶûеģôͻȻƻͳˮͰϸһôƻ
ԺеЩݣ֮ǰҲ̬Сȴͳһȸղųһֹɢζ˳ѣԺеС·ϣһɾĸо
ƻӦܳ԰ɣź˵ӡ
һһժһƻֱӱҧһڡ
ƻζôôãҴҲûԹôóԵƻ
ҧһƻζ͸֭ˮ˲ŸĿУ̲סҧһڣǼȥƻҲֻʣһˣȻһߵģ
Ϊʲôأѵǡ
һһ߿첽Լѷͥĵط˹ȥֻղǺСɽһ˿һ룬ͥЩȻԺƬأ
æƿռ佫ʣµĳ˽ȥƻЩݿǲٳˣٳȥĻҪͷˡ
û뵽ͥɨȻãǱ
һ˷ܵţһ˳ժһƻͬʱҲһЩ뷨
ڶ죬ȥ۲Ժоʱ򣬹ȻƻԺеĻֳһЩΪʱͥĳߵĹϵǵı仯ҲǺܴһĻݶԣԺеЩҲѾǼƷްˣ
ժƻŽֱ򱾵صĻг˹ȥȻ֪ͥãҪǲʲôĻǿ̫˷ˡ
˻гѡһЩʺֵĻ裬Ȼ˸û˵ĵطЩһԶȫڵĿռ䣬Ųһרĵ̡
Ȼͥͨƻݷôĸı䣬ôڱĶϻ᲻Ҳأ
һţһ߶ǰһ˲硣


14 ɹ
ҵ̵һʮˣ˹ûô⣬ЩֲｽˮǵԽԽʱһζͻȻıǿףɵͣеĶ
߸򵥵Ŀһ£ѡ˲ڵ磬в֮󻨲磬뿴һ£ܹͥЩֲӰ죬ҪһֳǧҰɽλ֮߱Ķǿɾͷˣ
ѡ磬̨˹ȥȻ֪ǣǸѾˡ
ϰ壬˲ΡǼ磬ЩһǮ
ָڷŵ˵
˲δ˵ֻüͷ
ζ̫ˣֻôأǿɹ
ϰ壬ôˣ
һ˼ģƺδԼĻѵ
ŶҪǰɣһӻع׼˵Щʲôʱ˲һɸŨҵıǿף㣬Ǵǰɢģ
ģζ
˵ɫһӱЩ˷Լϵ۾Ÿʵˣϵζر𰡣ʲôɢζ
ȻЩΪʲô⣬ǴŶ˵ζʵҲûʲôֻƻζѣ
һ˵һ߷ϵıһƻ˳Ҫеȥ
𶯣
˭֪ʱͻȻƵĴһѸײڶ֮һӴӹ̨ڳ˳һӾͽеƻ˹ȥ
·ͻȻûüӦеƻѾˣٿˣ˿СĵĽǸƻģԼеĿⶢ·ǼʲôƵġ
˵һƻõôСӼԺӻƻأ
ȿȣ
ɿǸ˵ע⣬ʱҲԼʧ̬æ˷ϵ۾Ȼһߵ¡
к˸ղŵ쳣ٶҲ͸˹ȥ
յݿ֮еƻˣƻ𣿡
һƻѣ̸Ҫϲȥˡ

ƻȻζǲʲôĶϾԼлƻأһ˲ûʲôϵ
˵ɹ͸ˣ
һԼ
ʲôȵȣⲻƻʲôʱɹˣ
ӿ͸ĸҽΪʲô˵ƻɹ
ʲôѵ㲻֪𣿡
𾪵˵
˵ĽţһЩ顣
лңҵ̵ϰ壬֮˵ƻɹΪںܾǰʱĵõһɹ
һ͸ģǸѵ൱أҲΪżȻǸһæǸΪ˱л⣬һöɹ
ݻҵǸ˵ɹܲףÿҲֻܵõʮӶѣ١屣̵ãƽ˾Ҳǲ򵽵ģ
ҳԹֹӣζҲԵóǸƻʱһ۾ϳǰԹɹ
ֻвͬǣǰԹɹӣȴƻ
˵֮󣬸вɵôû뵽û뵽ͥȻƻɹֲЩƻôζ
̽ԵʻңҪЩɹĻԸ⻨Ǯȥ
Ҹһ𾪵Ĵ𸴡
ʮһ˻ڼһ䣺жҪ٣
Խ˲ɿļ
һϴһʮƻңžǲٸһʮĻٸǡ
ǧ򣡣
·ˣ
еĿϲҵ˱𣬸еЩȻʮִ󷽵͸˻һƬɹĻһҪ
ҲȻ֮ԻЩ϶ϻɹˣЩɹȻܰΰٲϣٵĹЧ൱ģԴϴγǸɹ֮ʮδɹĹЧǿ֪ˣĶȻԽԽˣ
˶ȲĻص˼Уһ¾ǽƻϵĹժʮһʵ̫Σˡ
ժĹЩϣȻʮԤƵĻ࣬ҪȫȥĻǵöǮ
ûô㽫ЩɹȫȥνϡΪҪһóô෴ԵɹˣĺöԼȻҲҪһЩģ


15 ͥ
ժƻƻڵĿռУռȻܷûֲ֮ĶȴǿԷõģڵʱǾֹģҲ˱ʵá
ʣµһЩƻ׼ݵϼҸԼĸĸôõĶôǼأ
ڴڿռڵƻ׼һʱóȥ
æƻ¶Žռڵļ˳ͥȻЩ˽ȥ
ʱֺ뵽ȻͥЧôͥˮǲҲͬЧأ˵ͥˮűЩõЧ´ȥͥʱȥͥˮˡ
Щ£Ѿˣȥ˵㶫ȻȥڤҵĵطΪҪлǸСͷյֽǮ¸˾ֻسص
ڤҵĵطǸĹʹָģ治ܴƷֵͦȫģ˵ڤ˾ͨıȽϺã˾ͨûˡ
Ȼ˼仹˾ǮֶԶǺö
ϸЩڤһ֮󣬸ʱЩɵˣΪڤҲûдģһҲһѣڵڤҶѵøһСɽƵãɷۣǻǧǮ
Ȼ׷ӣǧѹ㲻ʲô
Ϊʱǰ죬·ϵ˱Ƚ϶࣬㽲Щڤֱӷռ䣬ֻϰæƽЩ͵ԼļУȵҹĻٵʱŽСɽһڤҷռš
Ŀƽжһ鹫ĹأǸСġ
ҹĹأɭɭЩ£ֵСĹǰķСĹǰڷһЩƷΧƺб˴ɨĺۼ׹϶л֮ʱ
Ͼô˵ҲֵܣȻЩìܣչǱԼˣһȥһȥ˾ֻأˣٱ֮ʱݼһҲ֮顣
Щڤó˿ռ䣬ǵ֧㣬ڤҡ
СɽһڤңҲҪһСʱҲǸΪʲôҪѡϵԭ򣬰ĻʵЩ̫ˡ
һڤһ߶СĹ˵СϣͶһ˼ңҪˣǵҪúѧϰϣˡ
˵ԼЩЦԾҲͲ˵ˣһһڤҡ
ʱһ㺮⣬һ㿴ΧһЩҹҰ£˹ƺҪЩڤҡ
Щ»ҰɫҰףݣʮֵĿֲͨ˼ôǻᵱιȥǸǵҲ£Ͼô˵ҲǰˣƻЩ»Ұѹ˲һë
Щ»ҰƺҲ˸һˣھһξʱͣٿˡ
ƺҲͦģתǵҲһЩڤңٶڣһҲûĹϵЩ»Ұڤ֮Ҳɢȥˡ
ֹһڵڤȫ꣬Żص˼С
ϴ˸裬ɵ˯˹ȥ
ڶһ磬۾ҲûϴıԺӱ˹ȥЩȲҪ֪µЩ᳤ʲôӡ
Ȼ룬Щ綼ѾˣгõıһѧбȽƷ֣֮ͥȻһС糤һƷ
ϱסĿ⣬㣬ûǰ޵Ļ䣬ȴľŸ߽ʣ·һһ˲עⶼѡ
˲ҲѾˣϡԿµİװֵ˲θǲżڳϾ˲ⶫʱ䳤˲źãҪܳǧҰɽεĻԼҲķˡ
һЩĳҲ˻ϲøиΪ˷ܣͥȻӦֲģԼȻǼ񵽱ˡ
ֻһĳЧôĶǸˣ붼Щ
ڸеԺʵҲŲٵ󻨲ݣ֮ͥ󣬸ƷǮĻȻҲһüǮǸлйԼԼæչЩݣǽ˵㻰ȻҲЩݵ⣬ЩҲԺװǿžлϲ
Ż԰һСԺ泩˸
õһ죡


16 
ͬʱƽеĳСڣμɵʲô
磬ѾˣԴϴǼʧ֮󣬷Ů䱸˺üڣ˳ǲ˰
һСü۵Ӷǰһ˵
ԼĪʮ꣬ļΪֿ׺ݣ۵ĵطһɲ˰̡
ΣΪа̵Եʣϵ˶̸硱ֵû֪֮ǰܷƵ¡
̸Ǻڵ쵱µȻҲǼݵģΰܷƵĻϰǷⳡͷ춫˵춫׼÷ҪЮһЩ顣
춫Ҫʲô£̸粻֪Ҳֻ֪֪ԼֻҪ˷Ȼ춫ͻõı꣡
ռƻʮ˳İ˷ƣû뵽ȴڽʱ򱻾ˣûֲ˵ȥֵܣǿˣ
̸֧̣һڣſվԼߵһ۾˵ȥӸˣô
۾з˷ϵ۾ڶҽԺľƽƣ
ƣ̸ʲô
Ƿˣ˾˵Լ˹ǹץסģŸ˵ЩǶûзӦķˣ㿴
۾һ˵һ߽һƬݵ˵̸ǰƬһòı꣬Ǹٻ̶ȣƺǱըɵġ
ʲô
ʱ汻ץסģȥ£ûбըĺۼʱ֮һбʲôˣƻһǸɵģˡܼ֣
̸翴ƬĬڵϻʱҲˣܺڵ׵йӴҲǣΨһһˣȴԸӴġ
ˣǻʹˣ
ЩʱʶһˣֶεǽһȻЩ¡ŸֲֵĻô÷ǳ֡
ϸƺֲܣŸһ㶼֮߰ˣһǲЩģҸ֮ǰĵ飬ƺûиʲôŸйѵֻײ˶
̵ģδҲ̫˰ɣ
̸аһݺݵĳһ̣Ȼͷڵϲ˼ţŶǰСܷԸȥҺúò٣ûиʲôֵйӴǱҲҪţɲô׵ľˣ
ǡ
۾ֹƺҪ˵Щʲô
̸˰ֵģд㣡
С뿪֮󣬵̸绻·Ҳţֱ˽һƾɵķǰ
ˣ˳ʦڼ𣿡
ӦҪǻ˱ĵط̸߿ԼȥˣңΪӵ˲ǵġ
˼ţӦڵ̸׼뿪ʱȴͻȻ˿
̸΢΢һ㶣ƿ˽ȥ뷿һɲǣһϢ˲Ϯ̲ס˸
ûпƣ߲Ǻܺã̸۾һſڴϣһһµڶԼ
̸һ˲ҲӦ˹
ܴʦ𣿡
˵شҾǣ
쳣
ܣ̸ǰģһʮˣô㣿
ҲһȥƵĿһʵʲô£
ƹһ̸ſǰ˵һ˲䣬̸ɫͻȻòҰ
ȻкܴĲ죬ͻϳˣǰӾǰλŸ˳
ֻôܣʱѾһ׷ԲԵˣӦøϲŶԣôôˣ
ĵݹȥһƬֽӹһ֮ȴЦЦĺˡ
ⲻһͨ˿ƻģ
̸ҡҡͷ֪û֪ȥҵСܼѾɵˣʲʲôõϢ
ԭˣ˳˵ͷԹ˵ĿеƬϵЦԽ
̸ֻȻ˴򽻵ʵ̫ΣˣҲûа취ŸĻԼ׼ǲеģǰ˾еˣԣ˶ҲܸȤ
ܴʦҪûʲôµĻҾȸˣʮǮǸĶ𣬵鴦֮µһڸģ
̸һ˵һߴӻóһϴϣȻ˳Ĵ𸴣ȴ˳˿ƵöƬûע⵽˵ֻ˳
ůϣѸɢϵĺ⣬̸µĻͷһǶӣŸæ뿪ˡ
ضȻһ˴ģ
ڣ˳ȻǶƬĿȡ
ҵˣҵˣŸ֣ڡҪˣ


17 
Ϊɨͥʱ죬Ը첢ûʲô£ԴͥɨݹҲûȥҹˣϾûʲôȵڵݹˡ
£ȥʾһˣ֮ǰƻժµƻݻȥϼһЩȻ㿪ʼй
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ѵˣ
һԳЦЦһعͷ˭֪ʱǰȴһӰ֡
һ㶣˵Ҳ̫˰ɣôôðʧһ룬˵ĳʱͲˣΪ˿̳ǰģһƯĴŮ
㷢µӡǵ˲øЩˡ
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˰ɣŸȻӣŮЦȻֵãҽзƣ
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С̫ƻˣȻϲ˦ǣ绰Ҳӣڸô죿
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һ⡣èӣһָС˵ǹ𣿡

ε̾˿Ϊƻʲôʲô⣬û뵽һھ⣬ѵԼԼȻòôӢôҲһǱõĴ꣬δҲ̫˰ɡ
Ȼһӣεָָ߸߹յ̫˵йĳ̫µ𣿡
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ڿɳͥͥɨǵͽܣͥɨ˵һҲΪܹǼص飬Ҳᵽ˼䱩¶ԼݣȻǲܳˡ
׼úõĸǰλСһۿεʱ۾ǰһ飬ȴǿһЩѪŵĳ档


18 ɫ
ʮ³Щȣƽ촩ĺԸУҲǱĿ̬ģͻȻ˼ϣǰһĳ˸ǰ
ƵزǺܴ󣬸ĿҲֻBѣȴƤҲܰףټ촩һٺɫС£ʱЩ
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а˭˵ɾͲɫˣʦһ͵ô
Ÿղŵĳ滹ЩΣʲôҪʵ𣿡
ƺһƺڼƽϸղű͵ز飬ҲΪ£ǲôںղʵǸˣóֻ˼֮󣬵ݵ˸ǰ
ܽһ˭ô𣿡
ӹֻһֻֻʾһƬƬһұٻ˵ı꣬ԿұǽںͰݶˣ浽ɢһЩʯשԼһЩ
ϵط˷Ƶĵط
ʲôװͿϲ˵ԭΪըܵʱǼͽЯըҩأ
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ǰŮһ⣬Щͷ˼ŸôشƵʱ򣬷Ƶֻȴ
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ƺԶϵ˼ˡ
ܲˣ


19 ͥ
ͥӣεԾ࣬ûɨǴͥʵȥͥҲǼ򵥣ֻҪȥͥ뷨ǰͻһƬ׹⣬׹֮͵ͥȻֻ굽ͥѣ˿̻ڴϺ˯أ
ϵָʾҪɨĵطλźĽȣνȣʵͨŽͥڲһȣȿɲһĳٶס
ͥĵţֱΪšššţÿź涼һȣһ˽ͥڲΨһ;
һɫĹâ˲ֳֵͥĵطǰããһƬ޿ռ䣬⡣
⼸ӦѾƵʹ÷Լĳֵص㣬ֻġ
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ȲõĲʺأľľȥʸС
ԺƸϢ֪ǰȴٶ׳׶
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Ϊ֪ͥԸڴɨʱĿʱʱĴĺˮ
ĺˮ峺վϾͿԿ׵ˮݡʯ֮ĶεʮֻС
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ΪҪͥˮȥԸһ׼ܴˮͰ˿̾ͷƿռڣ׼ȥʱͥˮͥˮֻЧ
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е·ָһ򣬸ԱһЩªСǰһң顰ɨѸ֡
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ͥķ䲻һ㶼øֹֹֽ˽룬óɨһɨűԶˡ
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ڿŵĽǶѷһЩɨõĹߣЩʮֵ֣Ҳϵá
ڶ¥Ǽˣֻڷһʯѡ
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תһȦɨѴɨ
Ҫ֪Ժͥİ칫ˣǸɨʦΪôɲһȥȻ˾Ҫ½һҾߺúõװһ칫ңȻҲδ̫ںˡ
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۰
䳹֮󣬸һƨһʯϢͻȻоԼЩڿʣֽʯϵĲ
һɲǣ뵽طٶûסˣôвˮ
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ô£ȻˮҾȻȵģ


20 ɨǰ칫
ʱ䣬ѾٶûסˣоȻвˮһȵģûжƵã⵽Ϊʲôأ
һЩɻţһ߽ϸĹ۲
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ͬʱҲˣӦøһģڲռ䲢ûʱĸ˵ڷһֻռȥȸһóռ֮ǰŽȥǸӣŻΪڲռʱǾԾֹġ
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Ȼ֪ڲĿռǾֹģĲˮҲδǸԥϾˮѾ֮ãһʲôô죿
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21 ɲ裨ϣ
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۾ͽɨǰ칫ҼĲҶ˳ͨĿˮһ裬һζȻҲޱȣܾúЩʲô
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ĿǻгһЩɹңæһЩɲļֵǼǮʵĻҲδɡ
ʱֵ磬г˲ûж٣ᳵ·˻ҵĵſڣſţֱ˽ȥûھʹһ졣
֣Ҳѵüһ棬ôãҲˣߣ¥ͣĪҪƴǰ
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֮ΪֵǰĻ׺룬ϸĴ˸ҲĴλ
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ӥһĿţȻҲЩŤ˵ԼֲǴԼʲô
龰ûгã㱻Ҵˡ
Сֵܣλҵĺѣɲһأһλˣ
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ȻѾߵݣȻҲǲɵˣЦЦ˵ãҽи
˵ͷ֪㣬ղŻᵽ㣡
ʱĿһ˸ıкһ
ĪСִɹˣ


22 ɲ裨У
뵽Щˣﲻ˵ĵطһȥԷ
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23 ɲ裨£
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24 
ȻҺҪĲҶȴǺܴ󷽵ĸһУ⵱Щܳ
⵹ΪɵΪķųߵĵ
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25 
ۿŮҪ鼱֮´һ˶һѽӹŹس˻ǾŮĵһ仰ȴǰѸһ
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26 С
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27 İ취
Ÿ˵İ취סˡ
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28 ҵ
ϳ֮󣬳ѸʧҹɫС
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ĿһɨȴǳһֻſڸȻ߰˸ƷıڣԼĹȻûӦûǴΣ֮еġ
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ߵſڵʱ򣬸ŷƵĸĸк
ͳƺ⣬ղŻһųƺΪ̫̫ģǷȴ˵ĳƺ̫ˣǽ尢̱ȽϺãҲǣ
⺢ӣûûСģôôԿأװǳ˷Ƽ䣬ͷŷſ˸ĸ첲
С߱վˣɣ׼ˣ
ƵĸһɺһƢܺõļͥۿſһԵţȴѵŮæԸ˵
ŻعЦŶԸ˵Сǲ˼ŮС͸ҹ߻ˣⰡ
ˣ
˵Ȼַ󣬲ɫĴƿռһСɲȻݵǰ˵͸
ˣʲô̫ˣ

׼ӹݹĲҶʱһߵķȴǡһȻһѽװɲС˹ȥ
ղûдǴģ
˵ڸϴƺʱѲһ
ε˵ղǷڿڴģûѡ
𣿡
Щɵ˵
ƣ
ۿŷԽӺϽЩҲסˡ
ʱƵĸһɺָϽԲվˣԷɣ
˲ֻƳŸͷ˽ȥ˱ڡ
ۿŷƸŸĸݣ˿ΪĴæû׼ʲôĸʲôûмҪһĶҲδؿۣͻıһɲ衣
ȲĻӦǶҶļֵ
Һܴ󣬴ЩţȸǶСԺֹװȻҲݻޱȣĸипޱȡ
ͺܷʢҲȫǴ⣬˺ܺõĴ䣬ҷһƷ˵Ƿĸ׵ֺòˣһڣȻޱȡ
ңСûڲЩŹֵ⣬һٷԵҲ泩ޱȡ
극֮һɺкȥ˷䣬ǴŸ˿ףүлԼ˵
Сӣ
ָ֮Ÿɳ˵
Щ˵Щʲô
Ůͷ۰
Ц˵Ŵȸů⡣
ǵƤһЩѣ

ǰ̫Ƥˣ˵Щ˵˼Ŀ˸һۣʵ𣿡
˵ͷûȷҾû˵ôţ֮ƵһЩܵסЩٷˣȻԼҲӳˣ֮Ҳ֪ôһˡ
ΪǺ£֮Ϊʲô˵أ
ΪϲҪ鷳ɫҲˣΰƵֻСආѣĻʹûҲµĲĻӦûǴΣеģ
ϵ֣һ֧̣Ȼ˴ǰһ֮Ż˵˵ûĻʹȷʵûڲȫ
Щˣӷƺ֪ĻʹʵݣǼȻ֪ˣΪʲôأ
ƺ֪ƵĻʹʲôˣ
ʵ
ûлȼյİ̶ڵϣһŲȻŸ˵֪˭߻ģ
ǸˣһǸɹˣȻˣǹֵһⳡȻٲ˼֣곽Ƿǿĵˡ
Ĳҵʮͬⲻ໥׻˵һɽݲö״£ȻҲٲ
ǰһʱ䣬ƽһµĿ곽ĿܸȤĽȴǷʤ곽Ϊ˻ģѹõķŭһӿȻŷв
вǲôϵģֱǰƱʱʶ곽ֻвѣ


29 Уڣ
֪ƱܵϢʱһʱȥ˷곽곽ȴǱŲû˰취ֻñ˾ʱֻ˵Ů⵽˰ܣδֱ˵Ƿ곽߻ġ
ܴ֪곽ܷƿ϶ԼҪЮʱԵҲȥ˺ƣһԼ͸©ĻǷ곽ѱ곽ǽ顣
ֻǱȷ곽ϿԼҪ
ڱ֮ĵڶ죬곽ȻԼҪ
곽Ҫ󣬵һҪ÷֮ǰ˴ǮµĿڶҪ÷Լµһҹ˾Գ͵ļ۸תø
̳ҲܶˣôǮ׬ҲˣȻǱԼŮ˵㶫ѹͲʲôȻʧȥЩԼʵһ겻񣬵ƾԼôò˼ҲͿԻָˡ
ʱ򣬷һ׼곽ӵʱ򣬾Ǳȴ˵绰
ƾȳˣ
кǼҲûָὫƾȳȴϲ콵
ȻѾȳˣεĽҲûκαҪˣͬݺݵ˦ڶԷϱ뿪ˡ
˾ȳˣȻٲøлһ¾÷ǷƾȻǾȳģ㾯ҲǳϵģȻǾлƣǾ˽¸˵Ĳǡ
·ЩˣȻǾȵˣǻ˭أ˼ҾԼŮԼôҲúúøлһǣ
Ϊ˵ķҲ˵ֻ˵һʮСӣٷ˸ףȻ˵ǹǣ
ǱҪ᰸Ƿƺͽٷ˵ĻΪ֤ݣҲǸνġҲֻھͷˡ
˵ЩſŸ˵ô˵ллΪ꣬ϣܽ
˵Ŵӿڴһмҷϡ
򣬲ɾ⣡
ҪǷǰû׼ιȥѲǰˣԲûżȥãǿʵԺʲô㣿Ҿ÷곽ġ
Ÿǰ޶ԣΪ͵ĵ˵ͷ˵ЩҶ֪ƻ֮ұǴ㽫߾ģ֮־òףϾҲûʲôȷе֤ݣԣ
˵̾һȻܿ죬ôֻܿԼˣһҰ˾Ƹ˰˸ڣʮСʱϵıΪľǲ÷곽лɳˣƲϲŷӶ㿪Щڣֲڼͷۣ
Ц̫̰ˣЩ龫֡
˵ûһЦʵСߣй𣿡
һ㶣̱뵽ͥϵĹ˵Ȼˣ⹤е⣬߱ˣҡҡͷ˵ĿǰûС
ҸһΣ
Ц
Ҫҽܹ
һЩزˣүӵʲô
ûΪ֣صĿŸ˵ƸΪƵڣʱصı
ҡڣ
жʱһٱ֪ڻһĵѧͬʱǴѧУһԼǡ
Уڣ
һ㵵ģæ֪ƵҪʵЩˣҲûа취飬ֻҪһȥ϶ͻ취˦ЩڣһͻᴦΣ֮Уҿóƺϲ㣬ΪڣһˣϣܴӦ͵ǰͷӰɣ
ô˵ҸҲˣȻΣգôԹأ

ɫһϲӦˣ
˵ͷţҴӦˣ
ڷ룬ʱܾģһԼѾͥĹԸҪ飬һ뵽ƻΣ֮УЩĲˡ
ʵ˵ҪǷܹԹԵЩڴԼߣǰȫģѾڷƸЩڴԼߣѾʶˡ
ôĿǰֻԼˣһֱȥҲʲô֮ƣԼܲһӶưɣ
뵽Է˵壬ƵͽˣһֱȥҲʲô֮ƣϣ쿪ʼѼ곽֤ݣֻǶõı
Ȼ֪ͷ˵˵ѾѼ˺֤ܶݣȱٹؼ֤ݣ֤Ļ϶÷곽㲻õģһ취ģֻҪƾͿˣ
һЩ飬ˣʱڷȰ˵¸Žп˿ڴ
ǮǸöȻûвõĵҷ˵ĺףȨǸĶ𣬸ﻹ
УڣЦҡҡͷԼҪһȤðˣ


30 ֻװ񣬲Ūϣ
ϻȥʱҹķҲϨ˵ƣ򵥵ϴһ±ڴ˯ˣϾ컹ҪҪ졣
ڶϡ
һ˯Ŀ
Ĵ˸Ƿ˸ƵĿʼϴ
¥µʱŷˣڳæţûӱڵ˳
ˣɣ
һкŸһ߽ϡ
ӣ͵˵û뵽ȻŶ㣬϶ˣ
˵űӹĿӴڳ
ЦЦɱȸÿˣ̻ʣȴÿһϸʣࡣ
ʱȴһ
ͻȻһֲõԤУ׼ŵʱһԵվ
ȥɣ
ûȸͷſ˹ȥ
ӰһͻȻԼǲҲҸŮˣ
þģƯϵãµĳڷȻǱƯѾͷʵ̫ˣԼемܲס
š֮»õ㡭
õĻеʱҲŴˣһϤӰ˽һǸӰͷʹ
˭øмܲסķƷС㡣
ű򿪵һ˲䣬һ£ΪŵĻǸȴһİŮˡ
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Щҧгݵ˵۾ȴǶſĸϡ
ɱ˵ĻǸѾ˺ܶˡ
ʵƿԣÿ˹һ䡰˵ɡŤͷȥ
ЩɻĿȥıӰвɵֹ⵽ô°ղŲǻúõ
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С⡱һ£˵¿鷳ˣС㿴鲻ðѵǽˣ
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˵űһ˹ȥƺǿԳصĻݣһС֡
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Լղŵλӣۼû˴ֳ
ȵʱ򣬷Ƹ̸Ҳӽβ
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ðǣǳݵĿ˵
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󣡡ͷ˵ֵҲҪȥ
ȥȥʲôҲͬ⣡ֲܾȥ棬ǰ£ͱˡ
У˫ֲǼ˵һҪȥ㲻ǶӦҰְ𣿡
ҴӦǱİȫǰΣյĵطҲ˵ſʼôˣ
춼һСǾҪһȥŻǡǰǸϰ壬ǱƲң
ƺһ˵
ȻǶڸƵĹϵôףֻü򵥵˵þ
ܰƽֵÿǺңȻҲ֪ģû뵽ܰ˹ȻԼǰ⵱Щز
ۿŷĵҪԼһȥˣҲû˰취ٸԼ֮ҲʹӦ
ҮװŪȥඣ
ƿĵغ
װŪֻװ񣬲Ū


31 ֻװ񣬲ŪУ
ʵ֤ϷƻкôģڷƵҪ£𿪳ͷƵ˾ֻýø˸
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ϰļҿ˹ȥ
ϰһʵı˵ҲǴӹϵСʼҵģԼаС̣ľͿʼˣΪĲô˿⳥ܿ
ˣҲˣ
ļλƽжҲһСǱƼҵȴǲ࣬ϾһɱȲϷ̽С
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ܺãЦŵ˵ͷҳʱˣҲţȥŰɣ»Ҫ飡
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ߣվһ긾ŮһʮŮһźŮˣ˿Щһģһèۡ
Сӣأǲײ裿
ۼŸԼ裬ʱͺۣΪǽײ֡
ˡ
ͣû˵ͱ̫̫ˡ
С˵ʲôأԼˤģСǺİҷ˶ѣԩˣ

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裬Ȼûʲô£Ƿȥɣ
˵ű̫̫׼ؼҡ

ʱȴǺ
һ˶ǺĻعͷȷӦֻǸҪЩôѣӿڴ˼Ű󳮱˹лСӣղллˣһ⣬㲻Ҫ
Цõİ˰˵ҲҪǮ˵Ǽûзʲôֵ飿
⻰һڣּɫһ䣬鶼Щ
װӶּҵСһۣȻΪɷǵ˵˵ʵһеĵʿҸղ·ʱ򿴵Ǽ죬Ȼй̲סͣҪ²ĻǼһд鷳ˣ
һ⻰͵˹ץסֱۺ


32 ֻװ񣬲Ū£
ۿŸһƵָּĹ飬Ҳ˲ʲôץŸֱ۱㿪ʼ
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˵ͷһ˵¼Ȼˣҿ϶ӶģȴȥǼҿɣ
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æԸ˵ƺʲôֵģºĳһģ
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ңһӱסˣŸæ˰˵ܵ¶˴С¼ѪһѪͻεôɱأ
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ڵ¶˲Щּ̫̫ƺҲǲı仯ĿֱЩ
عͷȥ˵Ų㣬ô˵ģ˵ֽϲʶ

һ֣˲׹˱һֽŷ춼˵
㹦򣬸æСοȶ
ۿͻȻ˪һ㣬̫̫ʱ㷢ЩѲԼĶɱ
뵽̫̫ʱһƾʹԴϣߴȻȥɱˣҷǴ㲻ɣ
裬ˣ
һ̫̫һ߽ľ˵˳û뵽̫̫֮ӶĶ
ûĵ̫̫ŭǱϣ˵ǮãûһͥʧȥζʲôһŮʧȥɷζʲôѵ˵ְȥ֮ǹ¶ĸôҽǴ㲻ɣ
̫̫˵ţ㳭ϵĻƿ׷
нпֲ࣬һֻ֣Ĵ
̫̫˵ԭҲɥ֮ǰĲף̫̫֪ʧȥһ˶һͥ˵ζʲôӿ˿ȥ⳥ʱ򣬵ˣһһ׷
ȻȰܣȴҲЩɶҲվһԿϷˣҲ𾪵ˣƺû뵽ᷢ״
˺һ̫̫ƺǴˣͣ
Сʿ˵̫̫ˣ۵ǮһֲٵĻļˣСҪٸҿ۵ĻҾ
裬ô˵ˣĲˣھ͸˾Ĳ绰ϾͰѿ۵ǮǼҴȥòã
ű̫̫Щ׵˵


33 ͥҲмӰࣿ
еʮ˳ΪҪŻһ񣬽̫̫һǽ⡣
Ÿ̫̫棬ͨ˹˾ĵ绰룬ûãͽӵĶţ˵ǹ˾ȥ˵ǹ֮ǰ⳥⡣
ףµǽˣһһЦˡ
ȻѾõ˽ǾûıҪˣ̫̫˵֪ѾˣѾ뿪ˣԺԶּˡ
̫̫Ȼһǧл˵ԺҪһȥһļˣƨƨߵ˳ȥûñһСƤƤֻ֮ŵĶǵİԪ󳮣ԼĪжʮҡ
֮ǰ˿⳥ֻһʱ̰ģȻɹԼΣԼļˣе㻮ˣȻƣǮԸ㲻ʲô
Сʿζлæһˣҵһ⣬㲻Ҫܾ
ܾǮôܾأ˵Ŀĳ˰ֻع֮⣬ΪթһΪʵ
һ˵ſһЦǺǵĽСƤ˹󻹶ԺɲˣȻ´ԼɾȲˡ
δ𻰣һߵ̫̫ȴһӱ˳ĶԸ˵Сʿģ̫ſأС´ξԲˣ
ЦЦּ̫̫ǹģԺҲˡ
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𣿡
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ЦеСƤ˵ˣһһǮǳԴȥ
ҮƶʱֵǿɵҪʲôˣ
ҵĶ㿴˰ɣ˾ղŴ˵ĻҹƾΪ⳥飬ҪһȻȥɣ

֪һ߷һ˵ղŵҵǹ˾Ĳ˸绰˵ľǹ⳥⣬ȥ˾Ŀľʣµ⳥ļˣھȥǹ˾
Բ𣡡
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ЩۣϷƴƿռɹǵӼвѣֻǿ˼ڣӵɫָɫ
˵ĺǷҲųҪƻΣֻóһɹ
ⶫȻǮǸвٵĴҲôںôڸСӳԣֵõġ
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34 Ȯ
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35 
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36 棨ϣ
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37 棨£
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ɨǺһۣﲻԼͬ뵽ΣԲ


38 ˮײ
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Ůѡһһŵĸߵһᣬ֮ŽϵСƤ˿
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극֮ȻǸظҸҸˣǴŷƽͻ˼ң漴ֽͻ˼ңһ˻ص˼ҡ
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39 ײеŮ
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вɵøпҪͥĻһȥһɽ㣬Ȼ취Ե㶹ϧⲻͥǰŮҲϵŮ
ιЦ˰ɣҴ㵽𰡣ɱǹи˵ɣ
ۿŮȻǲͣĿԼЦţ̲סڵ
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ȥôȰ߰ããһƬ˵ԼǱģһҳȥأ
˵㿴ǰŮͻȻƿӣ¶һ
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к棬֪ŮȥǾˮײģ˹ȥ̽ͷһȴˮײлһŮվԼߵŮһģһ
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ĻعͷȥǸŮȴһ˫Լգֻһ˲䣬˫ȴǾֱĴԼա
񡭡ǰŮ૵˵ֻһ㻹ˮײУ
Ů˵ͷһ˫Ĵ۾ͻȻӿһǳӰͻȻɢ˿ȡ֮һӯӯĲ
ޱȣɢȻͥϵҪŨٱֹ
֪֮ͥԻôǿȫΪһ꿪ٵ֮ʱѲǰŮҲһ
ֻǼȻһǱضɼΪʲôᱻ˷ӡˮײأ
ţǰͻȻһã»Ůģ
ӦþǹײеŮʶĻˣֻǲ֪ΪΣƺô˵ʱҲ޷ͨ
֪һΪڿٵ֮ʱȡ̹ŴľѪڸճʱͱӡȻ󱻷˹֮УͺñһӤһ㣬ͨ
Ǿ䡰ҳȥҲֻǳĿѡ
ǰǸŮһģжʱ¶˾ģ
ģһȥģ


40 칦
ٴ۾ʱ򣬷ԼȻڴϣлǱǿǾˮײԼߵĻܻܿΪԼղֻ˸Ρ
´ˮײԣĴˮײģʼϸĴײеŮ
ⲻһҲûһ˿Ŀ־壬еֻ
İɣˮײеŮ˵һģ
һˮײ˲ʧˮײȴǱŽɨڣǷŽһĿռ䡣
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֪ƬռʵˮײеŮģֻΪӡѾã˻޷ȥĿռ䣬ԼƬռ֮һˣƬռȻҲΪˣ
ʱղǸûŮҲѾʧˣˮײеŮҲǵ˼ޣ޷ٻûˡ
ˮײеŮȻԱӡţʾҲøһǷӡԼˮײĵļ䣬ȻȻ˸ƿռڣɨǸ
ֻڷӡ֮µӡ֮ӵ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôԭ򱻷ӡģǸԿ϶һˣȻ˾ģһҪˮײеŮȳҲϾӡĿϵɣԼúúһ½ȵİ취У
ɻ˴ϣϸĿǱ
֮ǰûģֱȮɨƺɨѵĻ϶ǲùˡ
ҲʱͻȻ
ԼȻԾӣʵվֻһ˶ѣŻŻС֮ĶãһȮһǿĶ֣ԼɾǺ޻֮ˡ
һ죬һȮҪǿĹ֣ǸҲںԼǲɣֻȡԼָô죿
ֻɵǣʲôɣҪɣ
аԷĵ
Ȿ飬칦ǵŹȭȵȹȻĹ䵽ڻǧĹǲƲⱾϵʮ֮һΪܿɹǣⱾĳЩطעһЩԼļ⣬ǸΪ
ڶϣʱˣҲûϴֱԺС
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֪УһůʼڸȻɢȫһɼ泩ĸоͻȻӿͬʱϵ¶Ҳ𽥸
һȭϣǳһ󺹣׼ȥϴ衣
˭֪ϴʱȴǴϳ˺ܶɫĺ֬һ۹
⵱Ȼͨ۹ˣÿ춼ϴ裬ô۹⿴ƺ칦ġ񹸡ˣ
ν񹸡ڵ۹ǲĶ˵˵ھΪЩ񹸡Բ޷ģȻҲ˵ûЩ񹸡һˣϾ»Ҫֵġ
񹸳֮˵ȫɾˣȻؼʼʽˡ
ߺ֮࣬ĹҲǸͬⱾ˵߷Ϊ塢֡
ν壬ָľΪŹ
νָľŹΪŹ
ϰķʽȻͬҪȴһġ
棬𵤣ԪӤɽ٣ˣÿ׶ֳַڡڡɡ
νĴˣ޳񡢹Բˡ
޳ˣȴ֮٣ҲֻԪӤʱǻѣִؼϡ٣ԪӤʱڵĸҲѼˡ
һ뵽Լֻڣ̲ס̾˿
Ҫʲôʱɰ
ڸͥɨǵְλⶫѹͲȱܵ˵Ǳһ߶Щŵ
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ϰĵһ죬ͬʱҲǷѧĵһ죬ΪƵڣȻҪһȥѧˡ
ڵѧУƽСĶĹѧ֮ǰϵĴѧᲢۣ˵ѧҲǼΪ̵ģǷۺ񣬻ǰѸ˽ȥ
һ뵽ԼѧãϾҪһ飬жʱЩЦá
ȻҲֹһ򵥵ѧˣ
ǡ
Уڣ


41 У
վƽĹѧƽѧǰΪп
ΪڸղţƸһѧڵѧλϣҪ֪֮ǰϵѧһѧڵѧҲѿѣﵱС׼ˡ
ۼѧֹƽСȫءҵѧȻǵĴŴҲΪʱֵġ
һСĹѾ·һˡ
ȷѧ𣿡
ͷķʵ
ϻôʲôҪٵˣ
˵ţŸĸ첲˽ȥ
ַ֣ô˿أ಻˼
һѧУʱ˷Ŀ⡣
Ҫ֪ƿѧУУĽȻʤֻһССľٶЩĽߺ޵ҧгˡ
ȴһҲ˼ĸܣһŸĸ첲һ߸ѧУĻ
һ˱˽ңڼ䣬ѱָĿıˡ
֮ǰнһϣ򵥵ĽһѧУĻԼڵİ༶ȵһϵ飬ԸҲ׼
ڼʮ˫Ŀע£ɷŸ첲ߵλǰ
ƣôѧˣ˵ǰ챻˰ˣûʲô°ɣҿǵˣˣλ˭
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иҵѣתѧУģФ骣ҵͬͬѧ
Ƽ򵥵ĸ˽ܣȻʮ߰ĹӸ磬ǳò֡
ãҽи
Ф骲ûȥո֣ǽһС˸УƾָУ֪һëүү
ͼݣҸλλҪˣ
ФЦſŸ˵
ЦҡҡͷФ骵ݸԼǾǮķŻФ骵¿ڴȻִԼڴһǮٴεФ骵¿ڴ
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Фһӱ˵һȻǰҲ˾ܾȴûôǱģѵФүȱǮ𣿵ô˵ֱЩ²̨
ʱм˹ƴкФ骺ݺݵĿ˸һۣ֮ǰڴǮ˸ϣתȥˡ
ǮһԼģһФ骵ģۿФүȥȻǺĽǮС
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ƣλ˭ôҲǽܽܣ
ԣղФѿһĻҿ˴ҵע⣬˷׷׹кȫԶһŭФ骣ФԵҲǲôá
кŮãûʲô⣬ֻͲͬˣЩ⣬Ҳ޿κΡ
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⻰һڣФ骵мֱҪˡ
ǡˣ˰ȻɷϵǷȷʵúƯҲеĶǷСƢȴЩмܲסۿžҪʱ򣬸æҪڽ͡
˭֪ʱȴǱһѣҪڵĻҲֻȥ
ûٻٻôˣܽѵҾͲܽ𣿡
һ˵
ʱҲˣƸٻٻ֮϶ʲôڣ˵䳰ȷŮ˼ٲ͵ĺá
ˣ˵ǰ챻˰ˣǲԼʶʲôɲˣȻ˰ˣ
ٻٻЦ˵
⻰һڣ˶ʱЩȥˣٻٻʵ̫ˣѾǹ˿Цķˡ
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˵ֻú޺޵Ķ˶ţͬʱһ˫۾Ҳݺݵص˸һۡ
кΣҪǸеǻð죬ȥһ٣ƫƫǸŮģֿ϶ǲֵܶģĻҲڣֻðοƵˣˣ͵ҧһڣҧһڣѵ㻹Ҫҧȥ𣿱𡭡
˵˭ǹ
ʱٻٻ̶ͻȻڸ


42 
Ů֮ĳܣǲͽȥģΪƵġѡƱٻٻǺ˵İοҪġ
Ҳֻһ仰˭֪⻰һڣٻٻͺǱβ͵ĹһŭĿŸʵ˵˭ǹأ
˭ӻҾ˵˭ܵĻһ䣬һŲԣвɵһΣǰϴѧʱҲûٸͬѧ໥Щǲӵľ˵˳ǰЩͬѧȻû£Ƿǰλٻٻȴǲûˡ
Ȼ˵ǹˣ
ٻٻʱŭޱȣС󻹴û˸ôԼﻹôͬѧڳˡ
ѽ˼Ҳû˵ǹ˼ֻ˵˭ӻ˭ǹٻٻ㼤ʲôѽ
һЦ˵ţһĶŸ˸
Ϊ˵ҲǹģȫǳڱܷӦ˭֪ЩүСô
ٻٻѧУҲһŮˣǱ˵ǲ˼֣Ʋڵ⼸죬ɶΧתģǷһյ׷ͻȻܵȥˣȻǼޱȣԷ̣Ҫѿ
û뵽ǣڷߵǸİȻô˵˵ǹװһµӣŭޱȡ
ʱһФȴ˹ֻһִٻٻϣȻΪŵĿŸ˵ߴү֪ûȤμһأ
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ʲôҪܶ˲棬ֲ˵ı£պѧУǰʱһݣ֪ûȤȥ氡
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У˭ϡѰ
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һܴĽݣһ򳡰СҲǸ򳡲࣬˽ȥʱ򳡵ڱţλ˼ʮˡ
ѧǱȽɢģرĹѧУ㲻ȥϿΣʦҲǲ˵ʲôģΪѧ˶ǷǸ󣬲һ˿Եġ
˸λ̧ͷʱĿԼ˹
û취ֻҪһ֣ǻΪȫĿĽ㣬ڷߵĸҲͳѧУнеĽˡ
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˵òҲûʲôˡ
̾һϸ۲ڱԵ
ⲻܣ
ֻǼ򵥵Ŀ˼ۣʱ𾪵Щ˵ˡ


43 콣
֪֪˰սʤ˼˽ݣҪ˽һ½
ݵʱ򣬴˿̽ڱš
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ΪڱŽˣһʹõĽǡ칦صġ콣
ô£Ϊʲô˻ʹ콣콣Դ𣿵ȵȡ˵˼仹д˵ģѵʹ콣˾˼Ĵ
뵽ЩȻĵ˵ͷٿ˵ʱ򣬲֪Ҳ˼֮С
ⳡԺܿͽˣøǲˬΪʹ콣Ǹ˾Ȼˣȵ˱Խʱ򣬽ڵҲɢˡ
Ҫύһʹ칦ˣͬʱҲȷһݣԲδȥǴŷƾֱ˳ڡ
ʱеڽϵĻߡ
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Ǹʹ콣ǰòԷ˸кԷûдǽϵĻߡ
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ʱ𾪵Щ˵ˣΪôҲû뵽ʹ칦˾ȻһŮһӢˬŮ
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ضʱҲԸ˼Ȥ˵ͷԸ˵ȻôһᵽģҵЩ棬Ҵʲôϲ
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˽ݣûдȥصңʵЩˣ룬ȥ˲ٳһô
ŲٳڲϷֵȺɵûһЦʱҲйķ⡣
һ֮ͻȻе㲻ԾôһӶķôͻȻôˣ
һͷȴöϷĴ۾

һǸʲô˭۸ˣ
˭𣿡
ָŸı˵
ǡһͷۣǵˣ
ҵѣôܹȻŮڨ㵱Ҳ𣿶ȲǸˣ
˵
ڨһ㶣ȴЦ˵ĲذɣˣҶûʲô˼ģֻǶĽЩѣҲǡ
Ҿ֪ǲǸ˼ģ
û˵꣬ȴǴĻű㽫ͷ˸ϡ
һֵζ˲˸ıǿףɵһٿƵʱ򣬸ͻȻ˼Īļ¶
ʵСѾͷҲǺܲ


44 ԣϣ
ʱĺܿ죬תۼ͵ʱ֣ͷȥݵʱ½½ı㿴ܶ˶ǳŽݵķ˹ȥ
˵ȻФ骸ĹˣһҪȫУѧǰúһ¸
ҲûţʱְǱ칦˺ü飬ʽҲһбȻ£һɹ˿¶
˽ݵʱ򣬱㿴һɽ˺ĳеλˣвԼ˵ţеǸɴվһ࣬ʱЩңֵģЩķ
һ㿴غҰСվڻ߼ǰФʹ˻ߣڸһʲô
ȥҵһСӵݱʲô·
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Ӧһ˳ȥ
˿ƺѧУıʵФ骵˽˱ڣΪѧУﲻֻñαװƽʱФʲô飬ܻԸȥ
˹ҰС̱ӭӲͨԸ˵Ƿˣ⽣ԴӴûôˣö˶ûطˣֻվš
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ҪһҲһϵĻǾûô׶Ըˣô˵棬ӦҲǲİɡ
СѵСĵ㣬һɲöԸϲˣУ
˵ͷӹҰСɵľߵФǰ
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ΪĿǰһNɪĹӸ磬Ȼҡͷ̾Ϣÿ
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һѧѧУУһѧڱĻǼΪƳģټϸһ⣬Χʱһ
Фɫһ죬ȵĽпõļٰʽıȵձĽ
˵⻰ҿɾͲͬˣˣʶһʲôĻĽɣ
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ҰСȻǿǼ򵥵ƻʲôǺĿʵôˣ
ⲻܣ
زҰСɣĿųĸжʱ˼ǧ
һʮӴϵļ壬ǧ֮ǰѾˣǧʮֵʢ壬һ˵
ഫͥһλΪ˶ٶֻת˼䡣
λͨ죬תΪûǰļ㿪ʼѣʼԼ֮
ڼ䣬ڷͽܣһҵ档
λվ𻯳ɣ̤׹ȥͽҲΪʴϻ۸λһ𻯳ɣֻһˣΪʲѵԵʣû𻯳ɡ
Դˣֻü˼ֻκŪˣվûʦʦֵǰ޳
Ҳһŵ˼ǧ
˵λиţ˶ƺģ



45 ԣУ
ǧһֱûз𻯳ɵϣ˽Ϊ
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46 ԣ£
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ˣѵûղźһǸŮǸŮѧУУҲֻˣ
ޱȳֵĻУһФ˹ȥ
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ۿŸһԼƽФ骸æȥ˼֮޿ˣ鼱֮һλԶĵطպһ
룬ֽ˳ȻԼǰ

һ̶ļУФſ屻˾Ȼٻٻ
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ٻٻһ˵һ߸æܵһߣФ骿޴ɶˡ
ٴοФ骵ʱ򣬸ͻȻӿһУ
ԼȻ͵ϮԼһŮơ
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47 
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48 è
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˷ƵĲԾæŷƵ֣һĿ˵ģڣ˺㣡
ŴӸϴůƲ԰׵ɫ𽥻ָ
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νתȡһԼΪ߾ѪȻҾֻ»ָ״̬ΪҲӾֻȻֻںڰ֮УѪΪʳ
״һֱȥֻҪŴת֮󣬾Ϳ»Ѿ˾Ŵתһγ˲ҲûĻĸΪѪûйϵֻҪҵǸŸ֣ϵľѪҾĻˣ
ʱŴתĹΪȫһ仹˭ΪУ
˳˵ţΪĴЦ
νߣĪΪΥ𣿡

˳мЦЦʲôҪĻܻڣ
ˣ
˳ĵĿŸ˵ģ
һͥɨ˲У˵еɨĿ˳˵үүҲǰ𣿡
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ʱȴǵҡҡָ


50 
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ӣľôˣ㻹Ƿһٷأ
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ЩؾȻķʽͬһģ鶼ʮֳصģ
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ƿװĶȻϴζġѩ¶衱Ҫ֪ҩϾƣпɽٶĹЧʬ˵Ҳһֶѩ¶һǿԽʬġ
ⶫȻĽԼҲֻа˿ŶѣһſɾһţǱ˵ɵҲ㲻ʲôˣ
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һţһֱ߶
ֱʱϱһ㵭⣬ʬ֮ȫ赲֮⣬֪ɨڱԼҲôԾ
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˵ô°⼸ؾеʬźǿĴȾԣǲܿģϿ
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ҽһŵʵ
Ҳ˵ǴСƿеѩ׵ĵҩȻһؾŴȻ󽫵ҩιȥ


57 ѩ¶裨£
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㲻˵ܾôιҩˣΪҩɵ
ˣһöҩһؾ֮һˮ
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СĵĽˮ͵ǸؾߣֻУźһ΢ĹĶҩ㱻˸С
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˵ͷⵤҩɽٶӦǿԽʬģſɣ
ȻԼɵİٱ¿ɾЩЦˡ
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ʬ˵ŴųɣСҩʲôã
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Χǵۣһν˵·ǵϹǵ۾ɣ
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Ϊԭ򣬳ٻļҲ˥ٲҪȥıһݲ£ڳҽҲмߵ츳Բٳӵܱҽ
ԵʣٻԸеĵҩȤΪҪһöҩȥȻһʬθˣǲܵ飬ɵ
䣬ûɻ˵ɣɵ֮һܵõģ
ӹĵҩĲƿյ˱档
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ֻһɲǼ䣬һֲʧŨҵζ˳ٻ̲סʧɫ
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ʵЩ棬ϼ˱⣡
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ʱؾҲǽ˹һ۾Աߵһؾղŷʲôˣ
˵ɫѻָжǰҪ񼸷֣Χ۵ľǱһĿࡣ
ȻȻĻˣ
ǲ˼飬ղҪˣһתͻȻֻ˹ѵղŸǳԵɵ𣿡
ۿ˼Χľҽʱ㻶ؾǸմӹŹһսһӵ
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ЦЦһʤ߼ôܼȣ̫ˣ
ͻȻһ䣬֣صĿ˵Զӳⶰ¥ȥˣҲûô൤ҩԾ˵ģҪ֪浽ʲôӣ
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Ǽ߸ղŽȥʱ򵽵׿ʲôоǵʲôǺ
ղſһĻֲǰؾɫͻȻͱķ


58 ʬ
żؾ׵ɫǺ棬ֵµЩôˣƽǹֵ궼ûô¹ôֻһ¾³ˣ
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ʱҲµ˼֣ҲܹǣԸһĴͽٷЩؾ϶һѺ֣һЩ˼飬ЩؾͲˡ
ʬ塭صʬ壬پûЩ̫ˣ
һؾɫ׵˵
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ȻѾ֪Щһ򵥣ǳҪ֪߳٣ȫʿϣֻװһµı顣
һʬ壬Ҵûмôµʬ壬Ǻȫ˷ŸѪȻְƤһɺŵζҲûô⣬ǵǰĵµʱǲŷĿжȻ˳
һؾ
ȻǸ˵Ǻû㣡
жʱЩ˵Щ˿϶Ǳ˳ɱˣȻ֪ǳʲôĿɱôˣ龰ЩͷƤˡ
̾һվ˵Զӳȥһ㿴𣿡
δ𻰣վһߵһؾȴǸæȰвУ㲻ȥĳ̫ˣﶼʬΣյģ
Ҫ֪ղſǾͬʱ˵Ҫȥ鿴ֳǵĸİΣȻҲǼȰˡ
ЦЦǷİɣûõģ˲ң
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۵ľǰһøʬʬ壬˵ãʵҲȻΪϻһ㼡ǪάϵƤҲǱ˰ˣҰƤַרҵͷźǸɾ䡣
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׼һ˼ĳЩΡ
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˵ʬȻЩˡ
ȻЩǶˣǿӣЩͬ
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ǽǵİ˸ԱһĿˢˢ˹𾪵ɫ
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Щ棬ĴȻƺǱʩʲôط
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ӦδҲ̫Щ


59 ֤
Ǻ֮ˣ絶˵ңҲ˱ӦԼǵðһѡ
ԼСУȻĬ˼֣һԱһ紵˳
Сļɣ
Ÿʩ
˵ͷȻָŹԼǰĵе˵Щ˶Ǹֱ֮ʩģ˾ĹʹӦҪģȥ˾ɣ
С
ֶŸʩһŴ⼸ڵΪһҲǲɵɫһ䡣
˿̵еСɵˣ⵽ʲô˰Ȼ־Ͱ˾ĹʹˣҿŹʹ̬ȣԶ˹ѣһһɵĺţѲ
ʱһСƺϳ˸æڵжֹ˼䡣
һ⻰ʱɵۣû뵽ǰ˾ǵ˷ƵŸˣû뵽ھȻǣ
ԼȻŸԣ̫ɵˣ
һǸûƤĹ˵ĻжʱˣǸûƤĹﲻǱˣ˳˳ڸ³˴֮Ϊйߣ㽫Լһȫɱˡ
˵׻ΪԼԼ˳Ļǳô鷳
ֻˣҲٶ˵ʲôˡ
ĿɨһȦȻһ֣صĶԸ˵ɣЩʬʵǲڷˣʬкʬŨҵʱ䳤ˣǻʲô飬ҲΪ󷨣ʹʬûɢʧЧʬѸɢȥΧķ˱ضģ
֪˵ͷһ˵ģЩʬϱ𻯵ЩСͽˣ
˵ͷ㽫ЩСһһˣȻָ˱ȥˡ
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˰죬ڱһҵһֻ¼ʣĴ򿪿أһԻ
ҪץŮƣҲƴƴģǲְϰ廹ɣ
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һĶ³ɺı꣡İ취ҲܣֻҪѷƽҾͿˣģֻһЩѣȥ˺
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ܹа˾ʬ壬۾ǽһǵϴһа̵ļһﶼˣ˵Ĳ࣬Ǳ˾Ѫְ֮Ƥʵ̫ˣ

һ񺮣ֵ֪֪˭µĶ֣ҵʮˣҲû׵飬ڴҶ˵ǽʬɱˣҲǺͿˣ
ǽʬҡҡͷҲˣǲǸһĶ֣ûǲҪ½Ҵɣһץģ
ԼжʱһҲǿˣѹͲһ£ʵаĽԼץ˰참û˵һа飬ȴΪˣΪ˱ٷղžԱѵ飬»ǽרҵʿĺãǰĸһʵѡ
ʱƺʲô㽫¥ϼ񵽵¼ʽ
¥ҵģз곽ֱ֤ݣϣ֮ܰڷɣ

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ɫһϲæֽӹ򿪿֮󣬸ղŵĶԻ㴫˳
ûԻ֮ϲټ֤ݣη곽ҲӲˣ
ЦЦֽһ¥ʬĴ취ʾһᰴİ취֮뿪ֳ֮ʱݸ˸һԼƬ˵ҪʲôҪʱԼĵ绰
ŸȥӰЦЦһͷǰⶰ¥ɫʱֿ
˾ʬ壬˸״ֲ쳣ӣֵðҹдˣ


60 Ѹˮײ
ƻؼңҵʱѾϰ˵ˡ
úõĳ˸裬ϵĳζϴ֮ɵ˴ϡ
˵ʵڵ鲻ôãΪ˳ҲһϢûУһ뵽һпʳ˵ľѪʱЩͷۡ
ʱ뵽֮ǰڹõǾˮײģ˵õҪˮײеŮһæͲˡ
æվȻֽеĹţƬ޿ռС
һܵĳʱһˮײıԼǰ
ˣţ;
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ˣȻܴ򿪣Ǿˣ
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ˮײ˿ûһۼԼȴǱЩ顣
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ţͻȻһ󡰻죬عͷȥһ㿴һɫĴۿɼٶš
ģһ嫵
˲Ĺϸղʧʱָֻ˹ұ֮ղŸԵþʮ㣡
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61 Ȫ
ָԼɨǵҲֻΪź˵֪ϴǾӦðǾˮײĴ򿪣ȡȪ
ƤһһԽԽˣˮײзӡĿǾħŮǸŮһĴڣʥ֮ƾңĶ֣˷˳ңʱҿɾǧˣ
ɨһЦҲ˵˵ѣǹײѾӡڹˣûٳֵĿˡ
ħŮŮؼֻħŮʱǡ̹ŴٵأħŮΪȡ̹ŴľѪΪ꣬챻ʥԷ֮֮˾Ů
ʱӵһȪˮΪȪȪƵʹ괺׹ʹǿԸ̫ϾƵĵҩᲢ۵һ鱦
乲ҲֻȪһھŮһۣڸˡ
ϸһڹʱϴͷǰһȪˮҲǼΪİɡ
Լϵ۹ȾȪˮԱߵһطһСǳӣȻŽȪˮ˹
ⷽգĸıһֶȻҲǲڻˡ
һһȻԡױˣȲѹ·˽ȥæϵĺڹ˭֪ϵĺڹȻǴ겻ɾۿŸմһƤһڹð˳
ޣˣȪˮڰžĺڹ
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֮ĽøϲѣΪ˿̵Ѿžĺڹһڵߡ
칦ϵļأŹһҪʮҵģʾɳɣ츳һɳɣԼȻ˲Сʱʱ˱Ҫʮſɵ顣
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ڷī֬پµ޿ޣЩϢ
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Ҳ֪˶ãԺУ˯˹ȥ
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ĴͥĿűô
ĴֱǶֹħ񺣡Ŀħ١Ϸħࡢħ죬ΪμǵԵʣĴҲΪϤġ
ĴλԱĵطҲǺԶûϼԶԶı㿴һΪ޴ĹԼǰ
Բۣɰ
ڿĴ׻Ǹʲôӣ˲ɨƽԼת˹ȥԼĴģʱȴǲɵøп
˱˰˼ĴԼɨѸֱǸЦˡ
һ߰ţһ߿ɨ˽ȥ


62 Ĵ
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֮ԶľͿʯ̨Ϲĸ޴һȺһū
Ĵͥŷ֮ȻҲȥ˱ţԴ˿ֻ̳һѡ
һһƫţƫ֮ĺáҲǲ򵥣Ȼһ԰˵ҲиƽĿֻǴɨĴ԰ȴǲˡ
ҲԳΪҲȽ״ɨǿǰԼ׶ߵĴ񣬸ȴǷѡ
ôߣôȥ
˰֮󣬻Ǳ뵽һ취ɨƾ޴֮󣬲ſʼʱʱĴŸƶ
Ĵæһ֮ѾСʱˣȻæͣǸȴһκûҲǾʮ㣬ǰֱǺ˲֪ٱ
ɨĴűԼͥİ칫ңҲνġɨѸ󡱡
ƿռڣѱһЩƽҪõĶɳһŴԼһЩװõСˮ֮Ķ
ϧͥûͨ磬ȻѵԵ֮ĶҲ
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65 ʮ
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67 ֮У£
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ʵɣǰǲƻģǲ֪ΪʲôƻζرãģҲҪȥ㣬ʡԺϸҪ
һߴڳɹһ߶Ը˵
ҡҡͷ˵ƻڱĵط򲻵ģǶһݣҵǿһ㡣
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һڿɹʱ򣬲֪ԾУǰĿյѾۼ˲ٵĶһиԺеֲ˳
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69 С
ʱһԵķҲһֵۿһָֻֻСۻƵĴһԵֲ˳ǳһ
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İɣЩһǾԲģҪµĻȥɣ
һԵķ˵
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㲻𣿡

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һԺеֲҲûһֻˣǰЩӦþԺеĶˣ漴һ׼
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ҪǽͻҪһԺеǻ֪ԼԺͱһС԰ˡ
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֨֨֨֨

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ܺúܺã
ĵ˵ͷЩﲻöԼƺһ̡
֮ǰŰԺЩСǶϳȥģǺϸһ־òףϾЩСǱǾסģǸϳȥĻǿ϶ҪѰµסѾһĶˣȥĻֻǳʲô¶ˣʱָԼȥ룬Ǿǡ
¹£ԼҲҪġ
ǿһʳ˵ǶǳģҪǸĳصĻЩΪˣȻԳ⣬ԱһѼһǲܳˣҲܳȥʳԴһȥ취ģоǼȻסôԺıͽˣ
ֶһʳ˵ǶǳصģԺأԺĻľȴǲ׼ˣҲǲܳȥʳԴ취ҲţԺĻľԺͽչˣ
ǸƶĻȾԺʳ⶯ﲻ˺ʳݶʱ򿴵ʳӣǿɾ͹θˣ߾ʳĶﲻܳʳԺеĻľɲôһúõС԰ˡ
ЩͶʮ־޴ģԼȥʳп϶ǲˣ֪ҪŻˣΨһİ취ֻԼιˣԼϻвٵǮιЩСҲǴ´ˣãЩСһԺһϴó
ʲôȻָ˵ԺҪûҵ˭ҲݣȻĻһ̰ϳȥ𣿡
Ǹ˽˿ռ䣬ɲżһֻСܽȥ档
⻰˵꣬ϵЩСǶǿٵĵ˵ԴƻСҲǸæ˵СԴ


70 ʳƷ
˵󣬸ƶر壬һݼƻһ֪ģҪǲĻԺӶҪѡˡ
һҪ󣬴ӽ쿪ʼﲻٽκεߣԼͬС
ܵ˵εĻ黹ʮ˳ģڸɢһ̣ǰСǹĶŸͷ˸񣬽Ĵɢˡ
£ӻʸҰᵽȣ
һ
ʮֻһ⻰æ֨֨֨Ľ˹Ȼ󼸸һʹӱ㱻̧ȥһĻķƺ治ѣû뵽˺󣬾ȻҲô
ΰڷ֮ǱһԵȺһָʾ漴˰ʾǳȥ˳ȥ
ɳϣ˸ƿ˹ȥһӱ㿴˷ƻеСꡣ
Сһôˣ
Сֵ
ڽԼС̱˷ƵĻȻ˹ȥķֱš
ǰֻСֻ꣬ȫ¶һƬۺ죬ûһ˿ëƤëʣһ˫۾ϸûһŵζҹޱȣƺʮֵճˡ
һ߶СһЦ˵Ҹղ˵ﲻκε־סǸ⣬סĴҪǺöˣס
СмĿ˸һۣȻʾõָ
һԵķϿУֻСȿģҪҵĳ
ʱһߣûи㣬ֻһֱ꾫Ҳһˣܸ㵱
뵽һνĶԷ˵ûԸԸҾͲ֪ˣ
УƲм˵̫Сҵˣ
˵űǰС꣬Ȼķ˵СؼҺòãкܶóԺĶһúõģ

̲סЦ͵ĻֻС굱Ƶ̶̫Ǵ´ˣƾȻԳƽ㣬úЦ
Ϊ¼˹СҲֻǵĿ˷һۣȻ䵽˸
ɣָŻСЦ˵Ը⣬Ҳû취
ֻСŰĵУ֮ԻȫͱԺǿģΪʺĳﻹ뿪
ȻСʵݣûи߷ƣԷƵΪֹΪܹ﹵ͨ
æһСʱûгͣʱЩˡ
ǳȥԵ㶫ɣ˳ԺЩһʳ
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˱͵ĵط
Ÿ̻ʵ˵ӣ˵ӣ̲סڵô°ô಻³Ű
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¿Ĵ˸ã˱ŷƽĳ̳ʻ˹ȥ
ӥߡ֮ʳ⶯Ȼǳ⣬ȶȴ׼ЩʳƷΪЩһ㣬ҲȽױ档
ӦҲǿԳԵİɣ
รйòƻһֻС
ӺǳԲݵģһӦҲǳԵİɣ
è
һָĳʳƷ˺üʮһЩĳƷʵǴһЩģʵЩЯϵĻǿҸû˵ĵطЩռڣǰ첻У̫ˡ
ˣͷƽЩ˳Ȼֿ˸ĲгЩѼţ⣬Ż˼ҡ
Զ㿴ԼԺϿֻӥЩһȻΪһҲǺʡ
ſͣĴˣ㽫ЩһԶȫƿռڣȵƹҪæᶫʱȴһɵۡ
أ
ʵ
İɣ˵ģ
ЦЦȻ˽ȥҲæ׷


71 ط
ԺȻǾĵģΪղŵĻЩСǶࡣ
ڷƲĿע£ƾձ㽫һѳ˳ŴڣԺԵֲһֱ½һЩ˳
еֻӥҲǸ£ͣһԵϡ
һֻֻιʳʵ̫鷳ЩԱ˸ȻһУһ㵹һ裬ЩӦò˱㽫ʣµĳٴηŻ˿ռڣʳ֮ĶǷһЩһдˡ
ȻһͣСǶʮģǽ˸ɸɾͿԿóڼļһҲһ
ЩһﲻһĶһֻҪһپͺˣҪԺǿάġ
߽µĿ裬ͻȻ뵽һ飬һԵķʵƣ֪֪ƽгʳƷӹ
ҼҾаƴ˵ΪЧ治ôõԵʣҰְִװرˣ
̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡣
æа취ǼҳʳƷӹЧأ
㣿ʲôˣ
һʵ
һֳ䷽֤еĶﶼϲԣûǰ;

Ӧаɣ˼һ֮˵ڵĳʳƷгǺģǹڵȻһҪһǧˣֳԺǿʺгģ
иͷ
ֺͥĺˮͥĳڳмһ㣬֤ͳóΪ֮ζ
Ϊ֤뷨ֲһȻֽװͥˮĲ˳һˮ档
ŵ̧ͷʱŷּСĿⶼԼе˹صӥҲΧ
һæ㵽˸ߣȻСʵղʲôΪʲôͻȻˣ
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һ˲䣬һ󼦷ɹĳ棬صĴӥҲǼУиȣЩһûҺ
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û˰ҪԵĻ磬ɢ˰ɣ
˻˵
СȻЩᣬǸ뿪ˡ
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ҵط㿴
˵
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˵ű㿪ʼڸϷ
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˵ţϵĲҪˤ
һʱ㼱Ҫ֪ͥıҪˤǵöϧ
嶯ȷ˵㲻֪ΪʲôһƾȡҸˣ
æ
ɫһϲȴЩŵ˵ģ
ģ
ĵ˵
ǺðɣҾһΣⶫȲ㣬֮ҲŸ㣡
ƽƻЦ
ε̾˿Ÿƽƿռ飬˵ĺģֻ˵ԼһĿռ䣬ԷһЩ
⻰ȻķһС֣æøԼʾʾԣƶط֮ĶûһȤֻǸΪʲôƾȡ
Ҳһֳһһף̱ʧˡ
̫ˣ˷ܵĽֿʵжܸܲһ
ε̯˵ûУ˵ƺһֽпռָ֮ĶǱ濴һָʵҲһԷŶĿռ䣬Ժ°ɣеĻһڿ԰Ѷ˰ɣ
ӦҪ͸Լһռָƶʱ㿪Ĳѣֱ㽫еĲ˸
ϸļ²ȷûܵκ֮˿
ѾͷǲöԸ


72 
ȻʳƷӹ뷨黹ƣϾ¸ҪһҪȥأ
̸һȫûˣķ衢ץץʣµľĻʹ곽ˣ˵зѼ곽֤ݣץҲǳˡ
Ψһøĵģɱ̸һ˵˳ˣ
һֱһӣܵﶼȥеҪҵһȴ޴֣ΪһＸһֻ֪ܰѰ˳񽻸ˣ
ҲûйΣⲻ˸ļʱڼ緹
˵ҪȥԵģǷȴҪԼ˵ѧˣҪ¶һָ
ĲζȻǺõû˵ʦͽ뷨Ӧ˷ƣĲȴø²ȥӡ
˷һˣϵļȴһӶûΪʵϲ⼸ںڵĶʲôġ
ȻҲЩ˼ڸǰ¶һֵģû뵽ȴǳ˳
ڸڶ׷ʱˣ
ڳԷ֪ȤһԵȺţף֮Ի϶ҵ˳Ĳصˣ
ȳŰɣҳԱˣҽȥȵ裡
һ߶Է˵һȻ˸ƣȻ˶¥һҡ
ҵˣ
ʵ
˵ͷɣСҵˣǼһھڽһıУҿƺˣ
ҹȥ

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գǸڸϣůġ
Ȼ壬ϾҲ˾ĹҲɲʲô˺ŸɣҪҪСİץ
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Ĭ
ռڣȪϵ֮ʱӦ˸ٻֻһ˲䣬֮б˸С
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˵űٵǰⶰն˹ȥһâ˲ԵȥȻ׾ٵĴ
һǲǲ죬ʼһֵ죬ǡ¡һ죬Ȼһ룬һĻһ죬
һȥĶЩ춯أشƫƧһӰûУ˸Ҳ˼ˡ
⳾ɵ֮ʱⶰͻȻˣһѪûƤĹ˳
ڻˡ
Ǹ￪˵˵Ĳϡ
еҵı֣Ĺϣ


˳ĴЦ̶ִ
˳һԵҲ˹ȵ󵨣Ҷ˲
ҾΣΣ춼˳˵û뵽ǣȻ˾ĹʹҲ˹׼ʮ˴ε𣿡
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˳˼ۣͻȻһЦתȥˣΪ˳ϱȼһ硣
ԭ̫ɱˡ
˳һ㶣㲻ɱҵôˣ
ͷҵȷôģѾ˰ˣҲٳˣ
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˳һæĴ
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ϡ棡
˳΢΢һ㶣æ̧ͷϿȥȴöȵ̫Ŀ̱һʹűð˲ӵȫ
㣡


73 С
˳Ϊħʮ־ģϴμʱҲ˵ֻǸȴû뵽Ȼɱ
ۿ˳ͣڵʹţϵĻȴԽԽ˳Ȼͨĵ绰
СʱһӾ˹
˳æ˹
أ
ʵ
ָָǰ治ԶѾճɺ̿һʬ˵Σǰ𣿡
һ㶣ȥǾʬ壬ԼСʵ⵽ô£ɱ𣿡
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ðɣ
ô˵Ҳֻεĵ˵ͷлʮֵƣһһ죬˲ʡģǰ˵˶ճһغ̿ˣôﰡ
ģ˴濪ʼȻûһ̧˼ʬʬһģһ
ʬõģֻ˽֮ȼҸʵʱȴָѲӰ
еĿľΪ˸ɵ˳Ȼ˳ѾˣҲûµıҪˣ黹ǽĺá
·һҲʱͻȻӦûûԱ³һԼһ㶼
ղŵĳĿʵûʲôθڳԶ
ҵʱķִǿŵģſڻվˣ˴˿ڵķ˵ʲô
ϸһȻغСҰɡ
֣ʲôô֪ҵסַģ
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ˣҸֻΪ˸һЩ֮⣬
ص
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СҰɵ
ʱҲ߽Щֻǿһۣʱһ
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ĵطԼ׵ߣǰͷоӣһһԵƻϣʱ׼ŷ
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˴Ҳûмĳ棬ʱЩŵˣһƣвһûûؿڣƵȿˣʵغѿ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôôСֻ֪ҪǸҿȥһЩСǿ϶ᷢģһֻֻνǲ°ֻˣҪһϵĻҪȫʬˣ
ҸƺҲڼңҲûʲô˼漴׼뿪ˡ
ʱȴǿſĸæ˻ֵˣ
غСҰɸæعͷȥֻ˲Ǹ˭
εЦЦ˵ЩСִҲ̫һЩȻ㳲ʵһЩˡ
ڻˣҪٲĻҹЩﶼҪҳԵˣ
СҰɿ˵
һЦʵҲǿһЩʵǲҧ˵ģ
˵Ÿæһ˽ȥȻǰЩСʹ˸ɫ
һʱ䣬СǱɢ˿ڵͿֻӥҲٴηɵ˸ߴ
һĻһĿɿڴ
ͷЦȻ˾ͽȱɣպϺõĲҶ
ŶԭҲϲȲ谡ҿɵúúƷһƷˣ
СҰһ˵һ˽ĿȴʱʱĴܣƺЩԱ߻ͻȻʲôܳҧԼһڡ
źֿԺеЩֲﻹпɵбһ
ƺܲƵĿһۣŸŸ˽ȥһŵʱһ˹ȥ
ģ
ʵ
˵ͷûԱԸ˷
̫ˣ
˵ű㽫ס˸ĸ첲
ҰСɲɵñ㡰˼ߵ˵ôѾסһأ


74 ز¶
߼ǿͣټϸغСҰҲкøУ˱㽫ݡ
ؾͲ˵ˣǿǴĴˣԸж˸Ȼˡ
СҰɣȻֻһձˣǿóҲһӣƲȥ˵һҲһѣФ˺̫ˡ
ıɲ裬غСҰɫһϱ㱻صζסˡ
ȸݹȥСҰȴǸæһȻһСڡ
òò裡СҰɱ۾ϸƷζŲˮΪ̾˵
أЩ棬ΪɲˮʵȻүүȵĲˮζ࣬үүȵĲˮȴûôԣġ
ЦЦ˵һȻҲʶġ
ˮ¶֮󣬸ſغСҰʵǽʲô𣿶Һܺ棬ô֪סģ
СҰɴģ˵Ҫֽ̽ŸˣҵĵַФ骸ǵģ
Ф骣ô֪Ҽסַģ

ⲻ֣صĸ߹٣Ҫ֪һϢҲǺ׾ٵ飬ҾԺСЩɣϾǹ׶㣬ѷ˵Ƣǻ֪ģԺٲҪ鷳
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ʱȻǶԸ˽ύ˼
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飬֪㵽ϣ͸³ԷԹΪίܾˣˡ
ϸܺãΪƵ鵽ĿǰΪֹǲˣڿҪˣ


75 Ҫ
ڶϣ˸磬ŹǷߵǰһѱ㽫˿
ڸԺĻӲݡ׽桢һͷڶС档
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76 ɽϳ˸ܾ
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˭ϸ˵ԼĵģعȴֵɷģǸһﾫأܸߣǾԲģ
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77 򳵣ϣ
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78 򳵣£
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80 Ӳʳ֮ʳ
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֯ԣС˵ģǰͥһйʱļһӣ򿪺ӿʲôǺϺʲôǿķӡ˰ôҲ򲻿ʣʦûʲôܴ򿪺ӣ
أҿ
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ʵɨҲûô⣬Ͼͥ񵽸ʲôҲϡ棬򵥣ֱ֮ƿͺˣ
Թˣ֮Ҳ򲻿

ŶôķӡɨüͷһǸӡʲôӵģ
а뵽ӡˮײĵķķӡǵҵ߷ӡɨҲ֪ģͬģɨǿ϶Ҳ֪ķӡģԻǲҪĺã
뵽װͷ룬Ȼ˵ҲǲˣҸоķӡӦǺǿŶԣʦûа취ƿ
취еУǲʺ㣡
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ʲô취
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νķӡʵ˵˾ʩӵֻҪڷӡȻҲǸӡ˵ĿǰӦƲǸӡˣҲģΪʦһ취취Ҳôʺ㣡
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˵ⲻǸǴ󷨲ֻϧУҲ塣
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Ҳ֪ˮײеŮǷԼ˵Щʱû˿ķӦһ˫۾ȻǿŸ
ϴεǰ֮οǽ࣬һ˿ҲʹΪѾ֪ķӡǾԲǿƿģȻܵǿķɣҪģ÷ӡֳ
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ӸղſʼֱڣһֱΪһϸĹһԵġ
عи鶼ԼһδӴģʲôܾСЩֻ񻰴˵гֵĶͻȻһһģ⵱˷ܲѣΪҲʮѵõİ˺һΨִǵ̸
ͻȻԼ˹ҲЩԼӦǺܹԵ˰ɣʲô
ŵͷһŷӦ˹ԭĲԼſԼǰС꣡


97 £
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ڵѾóԾˡ
С껯֮ƺЩԺбı˺һͣܵ˸ǰ۾ȴǶ˸еƺٳһš
æȰɣãȴܶԣһţԶ˵Ļղǻжģ
˵ͷСԴȻ˵Ҳ˰ɣⶫȻаȴܶԣѾԹˣ´ٸ԰ɣ
ղֻСèһСС꣬ͻȻСԴСԼһˣЩ̫Ӧ֪Ժֻ࣬һӦġ
ô˵Сɵĵ˵ͷȻһΣ˲ֱСèСȻԾ棬ڸǰ
ٴοͻȻЦ
ɵǸöĻԺеЩСһʵǵģ
ΪԼһʱǿǣΪ˿еϸ˵ЩСȻΪһΡ
ȻѾˣǻںǱĸǿһ𣿷ǿʼҲԼԼµģ
ҸģЩСǻԺΪԼɻȱ
뵽Գڵﻹж
һٶŰɣ˵Щֵʵôˣ
΢΢һЦһٿȫҪˣһмæ
ǿˣ˵ʲôæֻҪһԸǣ
ûڣһԵعȴǸæĵĽ
عʱҲǿˣԼͽƵǿأȻ֪ʲôãܱأΪİ֣عﻹ쳣˷ܵģ
˭ǿͥ񣬱Сݸ˲ֹǧٱܳΪͥİ֣ǿع飬ԼɵͽܹȻд컯ģ
ʱĳڸҲһֳϧĸоǰֻ꾫һУһ˵ߣҲѽ併ǸȻܰ⵱ޱȡ
Դӽһˮܲһ㣬żΪǿֲﳤҲֲͨΪߴ󣬹ֲʦҪԣֱ˼ɾ
Լտʼ֪Ժ󣬱㱻һԺˣԼʦعҲֻΪҪЩɽеСôǸȴһƺܿԼԼŬڵõ˱˵Ŀ϶ʲôģ
ڸæʱ򣬳ҲľʹӦ
˵ʿΪ֪Ҫʲôһ
عһ֣ɵͽڿˣܹû˷ԼһѪ
һȴø̲סЦеſų˵ҲҪֻҪƸ

ЩΪ
ô㲻Ը𣿡
ʵ
ǲǣæ˰˵Ⱳ飬ô᲻ԸأֻƵҩҪܶĲҩǰϵĲУôĲҩѪһٶҪƸĻҪϵĲҩ䣬ȥôϵĲҩأ
˵ţЩй
ģҩͽˣĪ˵ǰĲҩǧ꣬Ҳܸ㣡
ЦЦ˵ǧĲҩڱ˿ǻ֮ȴ治ʲôֵǮĶ
ͥͥˮ֣ʲôҩֲ


98 
һ㶣˲뵽ԼղſǼǧҩ漴Цҡҡͷ
ǰôǿϣʲôҩֲأʱ˵ǧҩˣҲʲô¡
ֵҪҩ֮⣬Ҫʲô
һ£Ϊ˶ܼɻһֱ˽½еģͣҪƵҩĻҪһסߣԼ취
ʦһУڹŴΪģԸͲȱǮȴôˣżİ䣬ĺܶ˶ʼı·ˣҽΪϾһУҽܲɷֵġ
ڳȻҲҽı£ȴϲȥҽΨֻϲѣҲΪˣһҲһ⵰
˵ͷҪñΪԼ£ԼҲҪṩӦİͱǣҪһ֡
İٶģõٶʮڻʣһٰʮңһٰʮһȻ£ǺķǲϳҪġ
ҪģӦʵһҩĳǽ˼ϡٵĵطҩҲ˼ˡ
룬ջǾӦҪ󣬾һͶʿҪǧʽ𣬵ǾֵóԣΪͻȻһ⣬ȻͥˮƳʳ֢ôǲҲĸּأ
ȻҲֻһͻȻð뷨ѣϾǰһҪʵûȥˡ
ЩҪҶ㣬ʱûôǮֻίһˣſжʮȥãĻҪ
˵ţ㽫һŶʮпݸ˳ͥһУʯϱһͥ
ҩĶҲȽɣЩ֮󣬾ܼκֲγˣ

ͥ棬ǼֲˣعͳȴһӾסˡ
ͥҲ̺ǿѾʶȪĸ˵Ȼ㲻ʲôǶڴδϹͥعͳ˵ֱҪ͸ˡ
عץһͥȻһŵĿŸʵҲǴ𣿡
Ȼ֪عָͥ˱˵ͷعӼˡ
ڳҲǳɵֻۣſǰͥŶʮпڵҲ˿δǰһȻƽ
ǻƽҲȲǰЩ
عͳôһԵķɻȫһΪʲôһô
ɵ۵鷢ˣ
óһװͥˮƿӣȻݸ˳
һֺӪҺҲԼֲǵãʹõʱҲҪͨˮʹã
Գ˵
Դ֪ͥˮãʼնڿռ׼һЩͥˮΪԱʱ֮裬ڰҲΪʲˡ
˭֪սӹ֣ûüϸȴǱعһ˹ȥ
򿪸ӣعһȻϧĶԸ˵ˣĺöҩǲ̫ϧˣ
ЦЦͥˮڱǺöȴǸʲôͥˮֹǧ֣ôһʲôҪΪ˱ܣȪˮó԰԰ڣʱֻعҪŵĲ֪ˡ
㲻ʲôöعҪϲĻͷҲһƿ
ع˵
ҲҪ
һԵķƲȻ֪ǰһƿֵҺ嵽ʲôعô𾪵ģһĶ
İɣôģҵиõĶҪ͸㣡
˵Цع˵ҪԼһƿͥˮҲǸæֵл
Ϊң챦ȻҲǲоͰռָҲΪʲôղųڸƾóôණ˿ûгԾԭ
ϵͥͥˮŽ˿ռָæع˱˵ҪϽȥһЧ
ߵʱ򣬻ǰ֮ǰǼǧҩˣعͽ޷
ȴǸûһģЦͶҪϲ£ˣ˵Ҫʱ̣֪˵õô౦
ҪΪ²ܸ˵ĻԼҳǰҫһ
ҸŵҪԼһζҪЦˣ


99 ϴ
뿪֮󣬸ҲûʳԣعһƿͥˮعȻüЦĽˣȻⶫڸһ㣬Ƕ˵ǿ˲õĺö
ת˽ȥƸ׷ʵҵأ
İɣôٵģҪõĶ
Ц˵
ڿȺʱ򣬸ȥ˳˸ƿӣȻһ˲޿ռ䡣
ȪȪˮȻڹ๾ðȪˮʱȪˮֻһСѾչһĥ̰СˣƺӦҲˣȪˮиԣȪȪˮôðȪˮǸĥ̰СķΧ
СĽƿȪˮ뿪޿ռ䡣
ԼŮѣȻЩʱܸǺöȴǿԸģۿһƿֵҺƶʱҲڴ
⵽ʲôΪʲôعгⶫôˣ
һ߿еȪˮһʵ
ʵҲʲôö֮ǰطѣ

طһ㶣ű㽫еȪˮһǲҪˣҼֲҪҲûʲôá
Цõ˵ҸǵĲһǿԺȵģкܶĺô
ʲôô

Ҳ˵ôܶˣҲˣҪǱ˵Ļһ᲻øأ
ƲšƿӵĸӣȻ󽫱Ӵȥ˲䣬һǿ֮泩ޱȡ
ƲߣȻҲ֪ʲô֮ȴǴصĸоⶫܲܺȣЩǵġ
Ȫˮһˮɫ͸ģһְ͸ɫҺ壬ֻΪʲôֵĶء
֪ɻ󣬸ҲùӣȻٽӹϵȪˮ㵹
ڷƲУȪˮȻһ
Ŷ
޾֮ʼѸľﵽλ̲סĺҲǺܵɵɳϡ
Ҳ˵ֻƵʹ˸ɫ
ôҪҪһԣ
ۿŸһܵģƶʱҲ̲סĶϵһȪˮһСڡ
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·ΪʲôҪϴ·
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һʧ󣬸ֻŰȪˮͷƷȴȪˮųڹãֻǺһСڣԼϸѾһ㵭ĺڹ֮ǰǶζԻ
ȻһУƱܵ˸ǰ
ôô죬Ҫˣ
ƶҪˡ
ݣʲôϵ
ЦõȰοûû£ģⲻǻݣЩɫĶʵĶأղźȵǱˮŶõģ
ģ
˵ⲻǻݣƼƽһȴЩɻˡ
ղźô࣬ΪʲôûЩɫ۹
ΪҵѾûκεĶѽЦ˵´˷һֵô׼˵׼ȥϴأ
Ȼϴˣģˣ
üͷ˵
ˣţȥϴˮ
˵űԡҡ
ΪȪˮĸã÷ҲʼųĺڹҲһݣֱӽȪˮԡ
ƺһȪˮȻҲ֪ȪˮãԺ϶ٺȵģʱһȪˮҪϴһ裬Ƕ鷳飬Ҳֱӽĺڹžˡ
ƲߣȻҲǲߵĵȼϵžĺڹ֮Ƥϸ塢彡Ҿʢô˵Ҳһĺ£
һԡ׵Ȫˮ뵽ʦɨ֪Ժ׵ģˡ
ʦʦǧͽ


100 
ϴ֮󣬷˶ĹʶĿȻϴ·
Լ·ղմȾ˲ٵĺڹȻǲܴˣֻȴ˸һ·ͱ׳˶˺ܶ࣬Ÿ·ЩɿģǱŤܱûôҪ̫ˡ
·Ҳڵһʱϴ֮ɹˣֻŸԺ»ϣȻڿȴЩˡ
һַƵŸԴ֮۾һֱ˸ϡ
ýֺͷ뵽˿̵ķЩʲôȴоԩΪǿŤĹϲڷƲԸ¶ʲô飬Щġ
˺һƺĳЩΣȥߣع̸̸ʲôģ˭һƱɴ۾˵𣿡
̫ˣȥߣ

ţȥҵ·ûһ·һȥ
˵
ˣҡҡͷҾԺȥģźˣҪĵĻСɣ
䣬һۺɫСܵ˷Ƹǰ

һǰС꣬û֮ǰĻϲȡ֮һĪĿ־壬һ漴æ˹ȥűצһ˸ϡ
ûǣǰֻСһֻܱСԴСĺ꾫
ͻķӦҲСЩɻԴŸһ˫۾ǲɫ
Ҳһƺưצһϣ¶ãֻεС㣬ôˣ
¶һֻ۾ȻָСְ
ôˣֲˣĳ˵ˣԺﻹиع𣿡

ô˵˹ϸҲǣֻСںüǰѾʼӴˣûʲô˺Լ飬ǸĳҺĻԺﻹһعˡ
뵽˿
˰ɣµĻɣĺܰ
ŤͷȥŷƵ۾˵
һ㶣ŷӦԼһ䲻ŵڸϣɫһæſĩ˻޺޵ĵһۡ
û뵽ű־룬Լȥ
Լԩ˸ղǸС֮ǰַʶҲʧˣҲͲٳȥˡ
ղŵľٶĺİһôƵģ
˵˵
ƺһ˵ˣʲôʱ򶼱ˣ
Ѱ
ܵԽˡ
ҲУ˵ˣȵſԣ
һ˵
รһζ˵ʲôȵſ
ǡǡ˵˵ͻȻɫһ˵ȥˣű㷴Ӧ˹ǸϷŪԱߵı˹ȥл쵰

ָֻ
ɳϣͷڸϣʵôڿԸң㵽ʲô˰ɣΪʲôԺôСΪʲôعô㣬ΪʲôôֵֹĶ
˵ͥɣ𣿡
Ц˵
üͷһ壬ֱһĴȣȻ˵û㿪Ц㣡
Щʹ౻ĵطк뵽˵ľİ㲻ʲô취
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֪𣿡
ߣǲǾЩװҪɵˣ
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ô˵ƵƺϾɡ˵Ȼŷ
㵱ҵʱô뿪ģ
ʵ
ЦЦұǿҪ뿪Ҳֻ練Ƶ飬вٵķһ飬Ҳܵõһ˵òĶҲΪЩСǲſҵĻعҲң
ԭ
ĵ˵ͷһֱԼɻҲǽ˿
Ѿ֪йɣٶһߣƺҲǶô顣
ҵûȲҪκˣĸĸȻ»𲻱Ҫ鷳
֣ص˵
ЦЦȻСĴָ
ֻܣ


101 
ʱĺܿ죬תۼ㵽ʱ֣ƻ·֮˱š
һ·ϣƶԼͻȻı仯ҲǾ棬ҲֻЦЦûô͡
ȥһҲͣŸŷ˳ʳƷӹ
ĻӦþǹʽˣΪĴϰ壬ôУ
ûȥ䣬ֱⷢİ칫ҡ
ˣǹ˾²ƷôװҲɣƷְ˵ҲǻԼ֣͵ȷˣţλǡ
һˣ̱ⷢ˷ܵһСһŮʱбЩˡ
ŶŮѣзƣƣҵĺøǣⷢ
򵥵ĸ˸ܡ
ã
΢ЦŴк
ã
ⷢһ£ȷƵѾ֪ˣ֪ǣƾȻ˸Ůѣ
һǺðɫգ
ⷢип
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ΪڵĳʳƷгҪԹΪҹ˾ҪƷǹĳʳƷȻҲУֻûйĶˡ
ո˼ⷢ׼˺üµĳǰҲǲ֣ͬЩֻƷȸȷ֮󣬲ʽͶ
ʳƷӹ֣Ҳֻڸȷ֮ȥڲŽ޸ˣǺ鷳飬һʱҲ
ǰļ˼һջҡҡͷʮֵ⡣
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ⷢһ㶣ϸζһ£ЦҿУֲŷǻĵĻһָߴϵĸо
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Ȼ֪㲻ĵǸǲЩ⹤һҲֵĹҪǲܿٴгĻǻɻѹ
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˵ͷⷢ˵ȫУ㽫
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˻ûãԶԶľͿһҳʳƷһתõӡ
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ӦðɣЩ˵ǸղҲһȦǺܴģΧҳʳƷ̵Ҳǲİɣ
ΪĶһǼҵĶǹڵĸ߶˳ʳƷģǹĳڵˣֻϹĶﵱȻûˣ
̾һЩε˵
ΪʲôһڵĳʳƷأ
һ߿λĻһ߿ʵ
ϰˣˣҡͷǵҶȥģǣЩڵĳʳƷأ˭֪ûмʲôֵĶȥкüΪ˽³ӣĶҿɲ
䣬˶ڽڵĳʳƷƺʮֵĲм


102 ͯͯ
˵Ӧǲ˼ֵĺøС
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ΣǲֿˣٶƽɣԷŲٵĻһ߻һţʱԴ򿪣
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һ̣ʮġ
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һһڰ칫ҵķ䣬ǳʾ˸ָ֤Ȼ˵ת÷ʲôҲͲҪˣ̵ΪֹаŵڣΪﴦԷҲǱһطҪһµһĻԾ͸ǺˣԺӦòˣ
Ǯڵĸ˵㲻ʲô˵¾ǩЭ飬ʣµҲֱֻͨת˵ʺţҵʣµĳʳƷȴǲҪģ˵ʾʣµĻﻹĶȫ㶨
˳ŵʱ̲סʵǲҲǴʳƷģ
˵ͷû
ҪСĵˣΧļ̶ڳʳƷΪģΪǹԲһֱల£ҪҲڳʳƷĻһ鷳ģ
ڳʳƷ˭˵ҪڳʳƷˣЦЦҸһֻʳƷ
˵⻰ŷ뿪ˣֻһ㵵ˡ
ȻѾǼҵ̣֮ǰϰҲҪʰ˾뿪ҲҪЩʱ䣬ǼҵЩطҲҪװޣԸҲżֱӸⷢ˸绰̵ľλãʣµͽⷢˡ
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Ҳʾ⣬߽֮ͯԸܵҵСʦܣͯͯͯͯλּصشӷɨǸˣ
ȵȡ̫ͯͯϾµĽͯͯμĽǴǴ
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ò˵ܸͯͯϹϵǸ֮õ飬ǷֵεģԼȸ顣
ֱͯڿ˵ʵҲûʲô£ϴδͯĶܲҲιͯ
ͯû˵꣬ͷȴǰ˽ͯһ۵죬û˵ꡣ
ˣͯ˼ԭΪԼ͸ͯĶȻͯͯʮֵۺ죬ͯҵԼΪľԼҲܸǴЩ
ţͯ㿪ˣͯԱͯ࣬ȻҲҪ͸ͯЩ⣬ɸͯһھҪҪǵģ˼ֲǷʲôƾʲôƽ޹ʵ㶫
ͯͯ˵ʵǵأæţ
æʲôܰﵽ𣿡
ȻеģͯʹмƫѾǧδ˴ɨˣȥæɨһ£

Щʵ˵ⶵʹ˵һĵطΪ̫Ͼľס֮ȻȥԼʵЩ㡣
һ֮Ҳʲô£ҽ컹бܲܵȻȥʹ
ʲôֵʦүµĵӣƽֵǶǿͿģ㾡ܷĸȥ£˵ʲôģ
ֵͯ
ֵ˭
ЩԺˡ


103 ʹ
ȻЩ⣬ǽͯȻ˵ˣҲǳˣټԼҲȥһƴ˵еĶʹҲһڴӦ
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ʹڵʮ죬ͥЩ룬Ȼɨ֣ٶվǵֲλλɰĵͯͯţϣһʹȥ
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˵ˣͯͯõĲҩضǶʹеļƷҩʲôҰɽΡݡɽѩ֮ɲȻҲǱز٣ȻʧˣЩɲݵľȴӦûЩҩţ˼ڵļ˵ҪȡеľҲʲô£
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104 Ԫ
һɻӣЩ֣ǽһ룬ҲͻȻˡ
ҲĲе飬ڴ֮ǰһֱģԼʦɨǻὫͥ⣬ͥɿ϶Ҳżȥ㵹
ԼµĲͯͯϴȥ浹Ҳǧ֮ˣԶڹ浺ҲǺ֪顣
뵽͵ϴȥʱ򣬹ЩȻʦɨǱ붫ۺǹסˣͲˣ
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һߵĽͯҲǸæӦ˹ͯ࣬Ҳ࣬۾һת±㿪ڵȻѾرˣЩʱҲûˣǾֻΪˣģǵæȻҲǻᱨģ
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ǳɹˣԼԵʧˣҲֻܴڴ˴ˡ
˵ЩʧܵĵҩУһү֪Ƶģү֪ã֪ĻҪˡ
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λͯǿˣֻҵְڶѣ
һ߿˵ţһ߽Щװеҩĺ«һԶȫ뵽ƿռڡ
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ţ㿴ͯһС˹ϻڷżƿҩ
֪ͯڻǷ֮ĵҩǶҲûʲôô㼸ƿԪԪΪкܴģ
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ν͵ĺò͵ɣͯ͵ԪǡǡǸΪҪĶ
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105 ֵմ
ĺöȻǲܾæЦˣͬʱ֤´ͥʱһ˼͸ǡ
ͯȻҲüЦ
ʱɨȴڸԺʾһϢ
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ղżʹҲûϸʣԺͻȻϢǶλֵմ˼ȤϾ¾Ҫȥλֵմˣ˽һĺá
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106 
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ѦŸеƣаˣȥ˶ʹôõʹƣ˵ȥ˶ʹҡƿɲʲô˶ܵõģԼҲûУ˿϶Ǹʹʲôϵ
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΢һ룬еĺôԺԼָ񣬶ǿѡԼҪɨĵطͥʱ䶼ûʲôӲҪˣԭɨһΣֻҪԸ⣬һɨһζԣȻǰǲҪ֪
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107 ʳƷ꿪ҵ
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ǿɲȸΪǴϰ壬ֻǸϰ򹤵ģҪٵĿɾͶĶˡ
ʳƷ꾭װ֮󣬹ȻһֻȻһµĸоۿŸ˹ⷢ˸æӭ˽ȥ
ҲװһҿóҲһΧĻϰԼҹĳгͷ֮ʳƷ
תһȦĵ˵ͷЧʮġ
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ĺǷĴЦǸĸҲûðڵǸͲϹĳɶֶûã˵ǸŵҲ֪ѹûʲôгģĺˣ
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˵ţ˫һʹ㽫еĹ˿һ˲䣬һɵӳɢ˳
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108 ˭˵
ΪŷʳƷҵԽĶϵĳ˽ģɷϵǣЩȷʵǱȹЩνġȻҪãµֻϹĶƷٺҲû·ȻҲֻõĽڳ
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磬˵ֻڱʳ֢ͦصģƽʱţⶼôԣ𣿡
Щʵ
ɣҲ˵׼
ڱ˹ǰֻǺñṷȻͷһţһϸСľ׽ֻСڱͻȻͷƵĴʳ˹еĹ
ģǼˣ⹷ʼѹûúóԹһٹôˣ

˵ǽյĹݸ˽ģĽӹһĸֱӳ
˵ʱҲʲô˼ˡ
ⶫƹȻǺܲһ㣬еĹҪ̫ˣԸ̲ס˰ȻҪǣϲԣⶫƺʳ֢ã
һĳǰеĽڳÿվˣǣֻҪӵĳһгЩҪڳΪ˾ֻܺˡ
ΪǹԼʲôӰ죬ڿȴǴشˣ
˭˵


109 
ͨ㣬ͽĵɫʱ㰵
ЩżĿ磬˵ǵ׸ô찡ǼҵҪ濪Ļǿ϶ǵùŴˣ
̾˿Ƶĳһ̵µʲôӣǼҵĺ̨Ǹϰ壬ǮƵģСɫǵģ˼ⶫĺãҲıȲҿǳǻûгϽѵĶתˣ
ǡʹˣ
Щŵ˵
˽һ۵Ǽҵǳ飬ΪǻдĻҵû˼ҵĺã͵ùг
ԡ磬ǻбѡ񣬶⻹һηƵĻᣡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôЩ˷ܵĿ˵
üͷһ壬˵СǲǷˣ۶ҪŴˣ㻹ŷƣ
𼤶˵
Ľ˿ΪȻյ˵Լ뷨
˽ĵĻɫڻ
֮Щԥ˵취ǲǲ֪˼ͬͬûɱˣǰ˼װ޵ʱǿȥҹ鷳ģ
ԭνİ취ǳΪƳʳƷĴ̣ԺרƵĳ
취ȻҲʮֵͬϾǶڡӵĳҲ˽ˣҪܰӵĴõֵĻôǿ϶ģ
һ뵽Լǰ컹ȥҹ˼ҵ鷳ʱûġ
æ˵ʲôⳡϣûоԵѣҲûоԵĵˣһжΪֻҪǸϰĻǲǼƽЩģ㲻Ҫˣƽʡǵ̺ͿˣЩǵĳ룬ǵİǲܸĴгûɾܾģ
ã
̲סһãȻһƱ˽ļϣƵģûһƸſ¡
ֵ˵ĺܶ԰Ҳּۻ۵ĳģһУܰ˱ƣǮһ׬õģߣھȥɣ
˵ţҪȥ
Ҫȥģ
Ľһ˲䷴Ӧ˹æһסĸ첲
̸Ⱑµ꿪ŵӣϰ϶Ҳˣɲ˰
ȱ𼱣£Ҫ̸ģڣҪȥˣǵû̸ᱻ˼Ҹϳģ
һѽɳϣȻ˵
Ϊʲô
ЩʵͻȻԴһ˲ҲǷӦ˹
ʲôӣ
˼ҿŴ󼪵ӣ
ʲôˣǿ
ǣ˼ҵҵߣ
ȥ˼ֻΪ鷳ģ
˼װ޿ҵʱף
ûУ
ǵûУ㻹ȥ˼ҵ鷳
ڻȥ
ˡ
ʱһգԼ̫³çˣ㻵˲·
ֵܣ˵ôɣģ
Խ飬ȻǵÿĲС
Ҳ˼һ̸϶Ҫ̸ģ˵ģǡýϰҲڣԽһ̸ɣȻҪǱˣֵĵùŴˣʱȥ϶ǲУǵȵ磬ʱȥڴ֮ǰ磬ǵǰ׼ˣ
ʲô׼

ĺٺһЦȻյ˵һ仰ʱҲЦ
Сӣģ
ûãĳʳƷſͻȻ˼ҵһ
ſһЩֻÿһ涼һ֣ǡףضʳƷ꿪ҵ󼪡
ɫ򣬿һϲĸо
ЩĿⷢһ۵˵ֵⷢοˣû뵽Ȼô

ⷢЩһᣬҲޱȵĻϲͻȻôһ䣬ɵҲЩز
ⲻ𣿡
ⷢЩֵ˵
ңôܣ⼸һֱæ飬ԴԺҾûˣʱЩ
˵
治ҸģȻ뵽̫鷳ЩǷˣһΪأ
ⷢһ޹˵
֣㣬Ҳңǻ˭أҲҪǮģ
Щ뵽
᲻λ
ⷢ˵ţָָԶķơ
ᣡ˰˵Ҹҿ϶϶ģ
ŷƵӣЩҪĻܵǰˡ
֣ǵ׻˭أ


110 ߵʾ
˰죬벻˭æôųҵһԱ֪Щ˭ŵˡ
ⷢüͷ˵ܾûô򵥣ҪǰѶ˳ȥְֱǮ˸ǣ
ЦЦ˵ô㻹鷳𣿡
ⷢʼ磬ȻΪʲô˼أʳƷģҲǣ֮ĹϵֻоˣһǰҲҹ鷳ʵû취һʲô⣡
ԭôųģȻͽĶˣҲѹⷢôĵˡ
ⷢҾ㻹̫ڵˣǺҵûӦñҸһⳡϣûоԵѣҲûоԵĵˣмҵ֮˭Ϊ鷳ǮԷ𣿡

ⷢϸһ룬ƺûʸôһ£
ЦЦҾ֮ԻΪ鷳Ϊʾã
ʾãⷢ΢΢һ㶣ֵô£ϸ˵˵
ղСʱҷҲǸһ˵Ըǿ϶ûȥоһǵĳƷȻǲ˵ģôĳ⣬뻵ȻҲǷֵģǿ϶ǷǳɱеͬƷŻǮǸ棬ҲµòĻӦ̸ģ
ⷢҲֻ֮ǰͽĸ˲õӡһЩų⣬ʱôһ˵ʱҲеĵ
ɫһϲæ˵˵ûϸƺӦþһѾܶˣǵ̣ǿǱ鲼ƽʡǵİôֱ绢
ȻڼӰӵÿĲ඼и߰˶ңгûд򿪣ЩȻҲȥֻܶѷڲֿⷢЩʱͨⷢȻҲһϲ
ŰɣЦӦþͿҪˣ
ʱ򣬳¼Ա棬ȥһҷԷȻ򵥵ȻΪϰĸˡ
Էڼ䣬ĳӪʦǮ컪˹·ʲôҪ˵˸ۣص̵ʱ򣬱Ǯ컪Լ˵һ칫ҡ
֮󣬸ʵǮʦǲʲôҪ˵
Ǯ컪Щεĵ˵ͷűϰ壬ȷʵЩҪ˵⻰˵ϣ
û£˵ɣ
Щ棬Ǯ컪ʲôԼ˵
Ǯ컪ҡҡſ˵ǹǸط顭
طôˣ𣿡
ʵûǴĻԼ֮ǰͰͥˮӦиʮˣ֮ǰԼҪȣӦûʣ²ٲŶԣ
ǲǣطв٣Ҫ˵Ǳ飡
Ǯ컪æֵ
˵ɣ
ԽЩˡ
оǸطԳʳ֢źܺõãȻҾţȻطƳʳ֢ôܲʳ֢أϾ˵ʵҲֻһֶѣ
Ϊ֤뷨ϵҽԺѣȻطȡ֮뵽ʳ֢ĲʳУǸ˵ʳ֢Ȼ˺ܴĸƣտʼʱֻϳԼطʳ֮ҲһЩͨʳˣ
ҽѧϵʳ֢һֱҽԼӪʦеǳֵ飬ǵطȴĽ⣬ҵĵȫӵʳ֢Ĳǧ֮ڣÿڵÿ궼ǧΪʳ֢Ӫ
ǿĽ⣡ǿطҽѧӪѧȸܴĹףǿʳ֢ҩҲߵʳﻹϣ֮ǿȫĽ
˵Ǯ컪Ǽֱ˵˸ǰѸŵġ䡱һӾվȴǺ޲һץס˸֣ĭӶ㽦˸ϡ
ġֱһѧ˰
Ǯ컪˷ܵġԼֻʮֲһЦǮʦ˵ҺȤܲɿҵ֣е̫ˣ

һ˲䣬Ǯ컪ҲڷӦ˹æɿץŸ֣Ȼ˼־룬Ҳǲɵ
Լ̫ʧ̬ˣҪ֪վǰĿϰ尡ϰƢãҪǻ˱Ƣõϰ壬ʧҵпܡ
ԴӼ˳Ǯ컪Ҳ˽ˣûǮ컪ղź˵һһͨȴһͷ
ȻͥˮôʹֻʳƷĻǲе̫˷ˣ


111 ĺȱǮ
Ǹϰ壬ղ̫ʧ̬ˣǲ˼
ڸ˼ʱǮ컪ȴǴ˹
عһͷǮ컪һεԼ
ûû£Ҳֻ֮ʧѣ˵ŻһתǮʦҾղ˵Щ£ƺʮֵĿУ
ô˵Ҳͬô𣿡
Ǯ컪һ˷ܵ˵ΪԼطʵ鱻֪ᰤһٳû뵽ǵûԼǶԼ뷨ܸȤ⵱˷ܲѣ
˵ͷûͬˣҿڹרΪ㽨һʵңоʱУҪľȴǹʳƷ·ȻҶûǮǷˣ
û뵽ͬԼ뷨ȻҪΪԼһʵңǮ컪˿̵ݺˣѾǸлܱĸˡ
ϰģǵĳʳƷǾԷϹұ׼ģҲϳڵı׼ò˶ãǵġˣ
˵ʲôæԸ˵ϰ壬ûµĻȳȥˣſں˲ٵĿˣҵȥǺúýһǳʳƷĺô
ţȥɣ
õĻش֮Ǯ컪Ÿæ˳ȥ϶ϲɫ
Ǯ컪һ˸֮ǰȻҲͥˮǷļһֱҲûԣû뵽Ǯ컪ȴǴ˳ԡ
ҶȻҲʮġ
ʳƷ⣬ĿǰҪǿˣͥˮԭҩĿǰд̴裬Ǯ컪˵ʳ֢֮뷨ȴǷǳֵóԵġ
Ȼ뵽Ĳͥˮʳ֢ҩֱͥˮֲĹϹ߲ˣ
֮ǰɹӣڸҲ°빦ģ
ҪģϹ߲˲һĶΪճıƷǷǳ޴ģͬҲʮ־޴ģ
ڴ֮ǰҪһأǺܴܴһأ
ڵƤļ۸񣬻ڴʽĿǰǲʵֵģ󻺻УҪģ׬Ǯ׬ǮҪ֪ǻжǧծҪģ
ĺȱǮ
һ뵽Լ׬Ǯ·Ϊûʽ𲻵òãоЩΡ
ʱһ˳ʳƷгһֻݹ᾵Сȥרڳĵ̣ʧ˳
ʷ˹ǹʳЭĻ᳤ΪĳЩ˻ģԭ򣬾ΪԼĳﹷһֻӵйѪͳȮͻȻôʳˡ
ΪЭĻ᳤ڳʳƷȻҲźܸߵҪ󣬶ԼֻȮԴʼҲûгԹ˹ϳɵϣԵĶԼʳ
ڹ֮ĶٻЩųģ
ǽ죬ǲòΪСѾüûнʳˣֻעΪ
ҽֻСϲûʲôֻǲʳ֢ʳ֢ĵġ
ൽڶûܽԼʳ֢ôܽأ
Թְ취֮òĿ֮ǰһֱܲõĳʳƷ
ȥҵ̣ӵĹԼİȮǲϽʳǼ߳һҵ̵ʱǼҵ̵һϰһΪĳʳƷԣ˵Լõ
ǺԼİȮҳʳƷſڡ
ΪԭҪĳԶڻĵҲʶģֵʱֲЩʧˡ
ĵĶǴ󲿷ֵĻԼԼĶôЩ˿أ
ԥһ£ջǾ뿪ΪôţĳʳƷʳ֢
˭֪Ҫת뿪ʱ򣬻еСȴͻȻ
Щ棬ԼİȮΪ춼ûнʳԵʣѾûˣҪķȫģҪʲô
һţһС˵ϡ
Сһɲǣ̱ǵǰ˹ȥȻʼʳŵһЩ
ڸʲôͣ£
ԼİȮȻ˵ϵʱЩ漴æС
Ҳʱŷֵɢɢɢ˲ٿ״Ķ
ļһֻƺڹһĶ
ڱһţͻȻЩ𾪵ˡ
ζ


112 Э᳤
ڣںĵʹ£߽ΪĳʳƷꡣ
ʱ˿̣һĴǶڴϢţпţһһˣʱҲ˾
ǴӢҲЩԥڸ׼Գʱϵȴӭȥ
ãʸôƺ
һڣһڱ׼Ӣʱ˹Ŀ࿴
ƺҲЩ棬ΪҲû뵽ǰƯĻĹȻ˵ôӢƬ֮ͷӦ˹ò˵ãҽʷ˹Խ
ãʲô԰ﵽ𣿡
΢Цʵ
รģҸղڡ
ⷢ˼Ŀڸλ̸ŵͻȻͷԸ˵Ѻܲûа취
ⷢһۣ۸ϬҸղҲ뵽£ҪԸĻҳʳƷͽˣ
ںȱǮͬģҲȱרҵ˲ţҰԺķչ˲ⷽ϶ǻԽӽȱֻҪһʵˣ̲סҪѶԷڵԼ
ҸΪܿɹǣѣҵ̽ԼҲġ
ڸľٶⷢȻҲûҪǹҵҲûʲôʱȷʵʵȫû⡣
ʱǮ컪ͻȻյ˸ⷢߣС˵λϰ壬Ǳλ˿һİǾԿԺܿ򿪹ǱߵгҾǻԽӴһ±ȽϺã
Ŷʶ𣿡
Щʵ
ȻˣǮ컪ͷ˵ʷ˹ǹʳЭĻ᳤һĳӪʦڹкܸߵҪٵĴ򿪹гô֣
⻰ⷢɫһϲæǮ컪ļ˵аǮʦģҪĻǶˣ
ҲЦ˵ûǮʦҿٵøһˣ
Ǯ컪ЦЦ˵λϰ˵ЦˣҲǹ˾ˣΪ˹˾ҲӦģ
²˳٣ⷢ͸ϵǮ컪ǰ
æֳ˫
λǡϰλʷ˹
ٵӢлø̲סΪӢѧĲǱǲࡣ
ã
ã
򵥵һʺȴǰ˶Щز
ΪõӢʹõȴǻĵԣһЩ̿ˡ
ЦЦû뵽Ȼ˵ǻĵԣ
ҲòЦΪĹϵᾭģľѧ˻ĵԣ
ͷһ㿴бŵֻСʱҲôһˣ
ĿǹʳЭᣬԼҹĳܵõϿɣô򿪹гҲ׾ٵˣ
뵽ɲҵλˣæ뵽һ칫ңⷢҲǸ˽
øԸǮ컪ʱһһֻ롣
֮Ǯ컪æ˳Ȼ˹ڣһɵζʱ㴫˳еСѾʼЩ͵Ķ
ȴûԼİȮȥǰЩɢζĹ򿪵ǰϸĹ۲
ΪӪʦǮ컪ȻǵʲõĽ
ãǹ˾ġƳѡϵƷǾԷϹұ׼ͳڱ׼ģǵоĳԺܺõƳʳ֢ԼӪ
ôܣЩȵ˵ʳ֢ƺǲܱƵģ
ûǰȷǲܵ飬ڣȴĽ⣡
Ǯ컪Ժ˵
Ϊ˫ʹõĶǻĵԣӢﲻõⷢҲһʱ˼ԺС
˼ĵ˵ͷֿʼ۲еĹȷûʲô֮ŽԼİȮŵ˹ϡ
һ֣İȮ̱˹ȥһꡱľ׽еĹ˲û˴롣
Ȼ뵽ΪĹܲһ㣬ǵǰһĻʱǴΪԾ
Ҫֻ֪ȮһֱʮʳģÿεĳԵĶҲԼģҲʮֵĽֱԼԵĻãҴֻʵģҪǰϵͷŵ磬Ŷȥһµġ
ڹ֮˹ϳϣῴһۡ
ڣôˣ
ԼеĹͻȻ˼


113 ġ
ݣνĹʳЭ᳤һλĳӪʦһλĳҽ
ҲΪˣ֪ʳ֢ǲܱƵģͺñʳ֢һȻ˵һֲȴһ޷Ĳ
Ĺÿ궼ʮֻΪʳ֢Ӫֻʳ֢ǹҳӪʦ⣡
û뵽ǣһֱ˵⣬ȴڻĵõĽ
ʵģֳܰĹңô᳹ƵĳȻҲ׬һʲٵǮ
һصˣûŪ֮ǰҲ׵ʲô㣬ȻԼİȮϲֳⲢĳҲϲ֮ǰҪЩʵ顣
ʱСѾеĹˣʮ̰ĽҲ˸ɸɾһ˫С۾ֶеĹ
СһҴûмôϲһʳǵġ̫ˣ
һڹеһЩһߺ̾ĶԸ˵
ĿޣȻҲǺĽˣЦ˵ôǵЩǹҵĳô
ȻǵĺãԥĻش֪ĿǰϻûƳʳ֢İ취Ǿ޿ɱģ
һרҵʿôޣǮ컪ʱҲΪ֪ⷽǾԵרңĿ϶򿪹гҲǳˡ
̸һ⣬֪ûȤ
һЦĿŸ˵
ϣ⻹ŵĲүŸôܸλЭ᳤Ϲϵû뵽˼䵹ȿˣϵĻڶʡˣֱӽˣ
Ȼԣ
˵⻰Ǯ컪ʹ˸ɫı˳ȥһԵⷢ״ҲҪ뿪ȴǱһסˡ
ȥҲϰ壡ЩҲ˽⣬һô̸Ⱑ
Сⷢ˵
ⷢ΢΢һ㶣˲㷴Ӧ˹ŸæŲŲӣ˸ղŵľٶȻԸЦЦ
ʲôҲ˵˵ĻһЦˡ
̸⣬ر̸һҪ⣬ʽݶǲй¶ܣȻϰȥ̸ⷢȻҲϰ壬ֻǰڸǰϰ壡
û뵽ǣڸУǵĵλƺһģжʱмѣ
ҳʲôˣУǵĵλȻǶԵȵģ
ֵܣˣ
ⷢĴڣҲǺ⣬Ͼ̸ĶǸʲô˸ν顣
ô˵˵ɣҪ̸ʲô⣿
ʵ
ЦЦ˵Ҫ̸һʴ⣬ڴ֮ǰҪȷǵĲƷûκε⣬ǻȴС̸𣡡
û⣡
˵ͷ˵
׬ǮµϾһڳԲӵĵҲǶģ
˵ʵ˵ҶǵĲƷܸȤǽƾһССʾǿͷĳŵʵǺƷƷʣҾһطСģʵ飬ʵOKĻôһ̸⣡
⻰ĸⷢЩ⣬˵Լֻǳֲʲôҩ֮ĶôҪʵˣôʵ飿
һȴǽǵɻ
ǻǱһҳﷱֳģҺ֮ǰʹģĳԵĶǳΪʵĵصʵģһɹһȻΪµιǣ
ⷢ˼ѹͲںνιʵ飬ΪǶԼĲƷžԵģںֻԲɹٳ
ȫû⣬ֻǲ֪Ҫٵĳ
ʵ
ͷһ£ƺڼʲôƬ֮ڵҪʮֵĹһֵèЩֻԣϣܹ
ⷢ˵ͷȫû⣬ֻҪʽ֮ǿϰŷҲǺԶǿͻţ
ܺãЦЦôǾ̸̸Ǯɣ
ڼǮ⣬֮ⷢǰ飬ϵͨһֵļǮ֮䣬߶˵ıڵĹһֵļǮʮ֮䣬͸Ǯʱ򣬸ʨӴ󿪿ڸʮһֵļ۸񣬵ʼվǮ̫ˣѹѹĶǰһ֣Ȼֻǳļ۸۵ĻǼ۸ɾͲֹôˣ
ĬĬżǮ㿪ڵǵĲƷǰһ֣ΪǵĵһͻǿԸŻݣֻҪһ־Ϳˣô
ร򡭡ԪһֵĻǿܣ
°˵
ⷢͻȻͿ


114 ʮԪĶ
ȻڻĴ˲ٵӣȴٺʲô˽ڶϲԶԶ˶ϲ
ΪڹϣõĶԪԵ˵ǸǮ֮ȻϾ뵽Ԫ
ڻеǸֳʹõҲǴĹҽڵĳһֵļ۸ԪңЩֻͨĳܽʳ֢⣬ĳȻǮͨĳ˺üܽʳ֢⣬ôҲֵõģ
ͬʱⷢЩˣΪ֪Լ߱۵ңԪǶԷȴΪ˵ԪҪ֪֮ǲļ۸Źˣ
һʱ䣬бҪһ漴㿪ڵ
鷳Եһ£ЩϸڵһҪҵĴһ£
ⷢû˵꣬ȴǱһͻȻվĸˡ
˵ͷ
㣡
ⷢһĵطС˵Ҫ¸Ʒˣ
ǰɣ׼ôɣ
ⷢЩŵ˵
ģ˼ҲɵӣȻͬǵļǮô֤ǵĲƷȫֵۣ

ǮҲ̫Щɣ֮ǰļ۸屶࣡
ⷢҡҡͷ˵
𣿡ЦЦǵĲƷǶһ޶ģȫҲҲڶˣλҲҵλҪϴ㲻ͬ⣬Ҷļ۸ҪߣҪ֪ҪĿ缶߶˵ĳǮߣ
ЦҪ֪Ǽͥˮͥˮʲôǿֻͥе޷ƵĶǮһ
˵֮ⷢٴλص˻ң̶һЩϸϵ֮ⷢ˸绰˾˸Ͻһݺͬûãͬ˹ǩ֮ͬ㿪һʮԪ֧Ʊ
ʮһֵĳÿԪĻӦʮԪŶԣǸȴǺܺˬĽһèΪƷ͸һЩͷ֮ĶҲʮֵĻϲ
õ֧Ʊһ̸̣ⷢ˸绰֪ҪĿԼص㣬ʲôĻʱͿ͵еǼҳﷱֳˡ
ϵʮԪ֧ƱⷢǮ컪ʱһꡣ
ڷƺȻҲܾȿҵһõôһʶҲֻǾȶѣ
ⷢĽϵ֧ƱЦǶҪֵԺˡ
û뵽û뵽ҵһǾõٶĶǹĲҪǼȥҪˣ
Ǯ컪ʱҲϲüңȻǮûʲôϵӣ˾׬˴ǮôЩԱĹʿ϶ҲǵģҪǣֻй˾׬˴ǮŻΪһʵң
ˣٶ𣿿㼤ǸӣⷢЦҡҡͷ˵ٶֻһʼԺҪ׬Ŀɲֹôһˣ
Уģô˵Ǿô
ⷢæ˵ͷ˵ڵֻһȻ׬ٶ򣬳ȥԭϷѡ˹ѵȵз֮ٰʮңЩǮʶڸģ
ֻһ죬׬ٰʮԺֱ޷ˣҸһС֮ˣٰʮӦҲܵõٵķֺ죡
˵ôõҹⷢҲ֪ģڻǷŷǧֻаǧˣҹŻڸҪǻծǷֺ죡
ˣ
ʱһȴ
ɣ

һ򿪣һԱԴ˽ֻЩɵ˵ϰ壬һҪǣ˵̸⣬ǰǵװ޵ʱ鷳ҪҪǰǸߣ
ⷢһⷢ񣬱ˣȻ̸ģôʹǽɣ
มõģ
ǸԱǺĴӦһ䣬뿪ˡ
֪Ҫ̸Ǯ컪ƵȻǺԾ׼뿪
ʱȴߵ˸ǰ˵ҪûʲôµĻҾȻȥˣҲﲻʲôæˡ
ȵȣڻߣҵ»ЩҪأһ߰ɣ
ûڵô뿪
԰㣬æһ߰ɣպһȥԸ
һԵķҲ
һҲֻǴӦ


115 ̸
ûãһ
ⷢɣ
һ򿪣㿴һӺһݸ߸˽ͽġ
֮ǰҲȥĵ̣Ƽҡ뿪֮صȥл֪Ѿ͡ǩ˺֮ͬﻹٵ飬æŽľ͸˹
ȿⷢʱҲЩԾû뵽ЩԼƲġĻϰ壬Ȼôˡ
ԱһЩʣЩ㶣æ˽ܡ
λϰǺãҽнģǸҳʳƷϰ壬ӽ쿪ʼҲھˣ
νֲЦˣһЦ⣬ⷢеһҲǶʱûӰ˵ͷ򵥽ܵҽⷢλǹ˾Ĵϰ
ϰãϰã
ⷢôܣԭϰ壬˶ʱһʺ
ÿˣ˰˵ҵ˵λģǲ֪ʲô⣿Ϊ֪ӦǾĹϵƺûʲô
ǴװͿȻȷ֪ǰһͼ⻹ҪһЩССĽѵ
Ȼʱʱ㼱ˣϰ㲻ô˵νⳡûоԵĵˣҲûоԵѣ֮ǰȷʵ۲ʶ̩ɽ㣬̸ģ
ƼЩˣⷢæɫС˵˵ɱǸƼ˰Ҫٴƽегûǵİǲеģ
İɣд㣡
СĻһ䣬űֿȻˣô˵˵̸ʲôİɣ
̸£УȻǱͣһԵĽı㿪ˡ
ϰ壬ʵǶڹ˾ġƳȤϣܳΪƽеĴ̣
ҲĨǣֱӱ˵Լ뷨
ȷѰҴ̣ˡֱԣλĶǹڵĳǺǵҪгͻҪֻǵĲƷٽͬƷ뷷
ûڣһߵⷢ˵ˡ
ȫû⣡ĵֻҪǴӦǳΪƽеĴ̣ôԺֻǵĳǵĴҲܿȫͼ۳ȥ
һԵҲǲǵ̻пͻ鲼ƽУڻʡطҲǵĿͻǴӦǳΪǲƷĴ̣ôǻǴܴİ
ⷢ˿˼ǣ˰ɣˣ̸Ҫ
˵ͷⷢ˿űͽ˵ȻǶô˵ˣҲǲþܾˣ֪׼öٻأ
˸ԼһԼеʽ𣬽ſڵ֪ǵĻʲôǮ
Σ涼УԼɣ
ⷢҲش𣬶ֱӽһżĿ˹ȥǹ˾ղļĿ
ͽĴȥһ˲ǵһ
һʮèһʮٿ˵ĳͷʮ顭
ģǳʮһֵĻƽһٿ飡Ҫ֪߶˵ĳҲŲʮһ֣Ǯȹڵ߶˳ֹǮʵ̫˰ɣ
ͽһ𾪵ģⷢҲЩģղŸһ£ʮһֻǱϵļ۸񣬵ʱǵĻһۣϾտʼʱǮǱ̫ˣȻЩһͲˡ
λû°ɣ
ͽһ𾪵ģⷢѵ
Ŷûû£ǡǵǮǲ̫ЩҪ֪߶˵ĹҲŲʮһ֡һٶһȴҪʮһ֡ٿһʵЩ
˵Щ˵ȥˡ
ЦЦ˵ղλˣ˵һλ½ڳϰģӦþϰɣЩҲǳλְ֮ɣ
˼ЦЦûǡ
ҿҪúллλˣõ˵һʶһʮԪĴ󶩵Ц˵λ˺ǺһӾʮֵĻҸ˸ֻۣʮԪҲʮң
˵ű㽫һԵĺͬ˹ȥ
ͬⶫǲӦô׵ñ˿ģΪͽ֪ԼҵĶ˳
Ȼ֪Ǹ˺͸˱⣬û뵽Ȼһϰ⡣
ŵȿǩʱ򣬽ȴ̲ס
ʷ˹ô


116 ڶʶ
ôʶ
ĺǳԾĺʷ˹֣Щˡ
ʶʶֻ˵֣˵ǹ֪ĳӪʦһǹʳЭ᳤
Щ˼Ŀһ۸˵
ʵϣʷ˹˽Ŀɲֹôһ㣬֮ǰвʷ˹ĺܶϣ֪ʷ˹ĺܶ¼Ҳ֪ϲ˹ϳɵĳ˵ĳӳʼʳõĶƵʳ
ɾһˣȻһӻʮʮֵĳ˵ʲô˵ҲϿֹģ
󣬵õϿɵĳҲǳˣгȻմϱߣƽС⻪ʡгǿζܷŹˣ
뵽ıС˵磬ֵҾˣóмҵҪҪһ
ʲô˵ǲɵ˰ô󣬻𣿵ʱȥô죿
ʼվý̫ðЩȻڡƷƵĹģǸļ۸ȴû˵ס
һٿĹ
ԥȰ磬ⶫǹЩ˼ҵƷʿǾûģһҲܶˣЩһĶ㿴˼ҹʳЭ᳤ʷ˹ˣ֤ⶫҲǳˣڹڵгպһƬհףǧѷĺûᰡҪǲԸ⣬ôɾֻܹŴˣ
⻰һԥ˼һ֮һݣҧҧ˵ģƴˣҪʤһɰɣ
õĻش֮󣬽Ц˿
ǿЩ۲ȴǲˣĺϻ⡣
һ£ȷĳЩϸ֮󣬽ıԸ˵ϰ壬ѾˣǾΪƽеĴ̣
ܺãЦŵ˵ͷӭλǡ
ô֪λҪٻأĻǻʵۿۣ
һԵⷢͽ˵
⼸ҵϵǱˣͻõĻ࣬ʵڱ۱һЩۿۡ
ʮֻǻٵۿۣ
ʵ
ⷢһ۸˸νƣ˼ǣɣ
֮ǰĽⷢΪλǵһκǺͬʱҲڹڵĵһ飬ҸղŻæõһʶҲλĹͣҾλһʷǰŻݣʮֵĻÿֻҪʮͿˣ
ʮ򣿡
ͽĶʱһ㶣Ȼ֪ŻһģôҲû뵽ԷȻôŻݵļ۸񣬱Ŵ߰ѾǺܺˣû뵽ԷȻֱӴֻۣҪһļǮ
Ҫ֪ղʷ˹ûʱ򣬿һʮ򰡣ûȴֻҪһֶʮ
ǿĵļֿڵöʮֵĻأ
ۿ۲䣬ǻټһ֣
ֱӱ˻ش
ãλϰȻǣǾöʮֵĻ
緢˵
һһݺͬ˹Ȼûã˾˻ֶİ
ͽģⷢʱֵҲűˣû뵽֮ǰһֱԼĻѹȻһ֮ȫˣ
ҾݹǱ߸ϢʱղʮֳƷõſԣ
ǱߵĹҲɵˣҪ֪ǰһҲȥʮֵĻֿﶼǻѹĻϰû죬ȻһӾʮֵĻֿлȫҲģҪӰӵǰ޷顣
ȻЩҲǸ˵ģǰЧ治ãûɣҲٵĿɫǵĹҲõĶЩˣҾ˵ϰҲˣ˵˶нãǸȻˣ
ܿ͵ϣⷢȥۻᣬù˾ԼǴŷƺȥһҲϾͷƸǲô죬ǻЩΣԼ»Ҫ
Էʱ򣬸ǼҳʳƷ꽻Ĵ㣬ЩԥΪĿǰйġ
͵ȥǷݹ˺ˣǱߵĹж٣
ԥһ˵һ²ǧɣ
ҸôֻҪܹңԼûʲôȥҵģֻðˣ
˵
һԵķҲȰ㣬ʹӦɣȻԺûʱˣ
ĹʣȷʵĶټڵĹҲʮֵ⣬ԥһ±Ӧ
ڴӦԼҲΪ
󣬸ǽŮͻ˼ңŻصԼļҡ


117 
򵥵ϴ֮󣬸޿ռ䡣
֮Ȼڼȡˮײϵķӡ֮һɫķĲˮײȻ뵽֮Уķӡ֮֮˵ȴѵõĲƷ
ˮײеŮԴӸԺĿһֱ䵽˸ϡ
ˮײԣ۵ıһӡ
ģҪ˶ͿԳˣ
ο
ֻϧײеŮֻǿƺû
ҲֻεЦЦȻ׼
ڴ֮ǰǽͯ͸ԼĹԪ˳
ԼڵΪתʱǲʳãĿǰֻȳԪˡ
СĵĵһŹԪϸĹ۲һһȥ
ţ㾲վŹԪӹЧֻǹ˺ôһԼȻûиоʲô쳣ı仯
ô£Ϊʲôһ㷴ӦҲûУѵͯ
ڸЩǲǽͯѵҩô˵ʱĵﴦͻȻӿһ쳣ǿѸʱоӺ񱻵һ㣬̲סҽһڵء
һĻñˮײеŮֻüͷһ壬ͻȻ㴫һ죬ȵͷʱ㿴Ȼǳһ
оԼһǿϵʹѸٱɢˡ
վ˿Ĳֿ˿ˮײеŮǸм
ԪŰţϵڸڳײţ£ǹҲԽǿ
룬칦Ѹת칦ָ£ڵʼǹ
ûãڵƽΪҲͻȻﵽڵˮƽڵǹҲǿ˲١
칦ϼصķ֣ȻڵǹıƵ֮ϣֻ˲ĺƸһļӲ
ЦЦ˹ԪİԼȻ°빦Ҫʮʮܴﵽľ磬ֻһСʱﵽˡ
ȥȪЩȪˮˮײ
ֻһ˲䣬ԶĲͻȻ˸ɸȥ
Ҳ˵Ϊ֪˵ˮײеŮҲҲͲ˵ˣֻǾؿˮײеŮ
ĿԣһȻ
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ڶʱ磬ϵ飬ѾȫȨⷢȥˣҪʲôģڷƣѧӣҲѵ徲һ£˯˸
ʱ򣬳ˡ
Ϊͥͥˮֵĸҩǳĺܿ죬ҩֻҪһܳɣǧҲֻҪѣ£Ҳ°빦
죬ָһٿ
ԺеСǴѾԹȻҲĺôԳһǾ֪ˣ˲㽫Χ
ȻǰһЩСǴһٶֻСﻹЩ㤡
֪ǲҲŵˡ
ʦȾҰ
һȺСΧˮйͨӶֻһʯԺȲع
عһڲˮܵͣˮɲһĲˮǸ͸عɲˮȪ֮󣬸ٺͥˮݳĲˮˣҲ͸عһЩ
Щڸʲôعǿǰ붼ı
벻һعȻҲܵͥĴ
عһڲˮֺǵ뵽
ع˻ӺǱˣɣ
عСҲżߵţϾô˵ҲһɣһǱصأⷽԲĵؽ綼ĹϽΧ֮ڣȨ֪֮
عķԸСȻЩᣬǸóһ·
æ첽عߡ
ϣЩһ̫ˣ֪ôģȻڼôһȺ֣
Щδ˵ֿعϵĲˮ˳ˮպеʡʦǸ𰡣
˲û˵ʱ򣬲㱻عһѶ˹ȥĳһơ
СӣǸȵûûСģ
عһѽڻų
һҪϲˣʲôݴ֮ĶҺһڰɣЩˣ
Щί˵
СӻЩģⶫģ㻹Т˳ķϣ͸һɣ
ع˵ţһ豭˰뱭ˮ֮ݸ˳


118 ʧܵĵҩ
عһ۵ģЩЦõҡҡͷȻǰ뱭
֮󣬱һ
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û뵽ˮеȻôǿ󣬼ֱǵ޿ĳ̶ȣֻһڣ˲ͨ泩ĺöô׷Ź
û뵽عȴǸæŤŤӣȫڵлûûˣѵõıһѾǴ컯ˣʦҲûжˣɱ̫̰ˣ
Ҳ̫СˣΪҲ֪϶Ǹռ˵ҲиʮĲˮҪҿҪ˵ûжˣұ֤Ҫˣ
Щĵ˵
ۿűԼͽܴ˻ѻعʱ͸оЩҲסˣֻεˣٸһɣСӣͻʦ
˵ָһ
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ֱʱع˵ʲôҲٸˣҲֻˡ
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̯ģһ«ͳУԸЦһٿϤϣ
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ӹЦЦ˵żĹָһٿ
С˼ѣһҩҪˣĻ֮һٸһٿŵҩ
Ϊ˵
Цŵ˵ͷȻʯǰ˳־Ͱװĺ«ع
ʵϲֹԺЩСǵʳҲعģСǳԵʳҲǴӹֱ˹ģЩʳﲻĳĳһһͥˮЩСǳԵģȴһһٽͥˮ
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һԵعڸղó«һ̾Ѿɵˡ
ͥóĶȻҲӦͥĶˣһҩ֣عԺвɵñ㸡ֳһΰӰ
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Ķʹ
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һԵĸͳ˿ûзع쳣ŸôЩҩ
ǳΪûʲôܰЩʧܵĵҩƳɹ
˵ףЩ᲻Щɵ޸ĻȻˡ
ҡҡͷΪѵ˵֪һźܽУҵļÿһķʽҲͬҲ֪ЩƵҩõҩıҲ֪ƵҩĻԼʱ䣬һЩطˣҪƳɹǲܵ飡
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ʱֿ˵ȻҲԣҼеļλӦÿԣҪͬĻһЩҩǿǻʲô취
ðɣҴӦˣĿǰҵǱܵģҲϣ֪ҵĴڣ鷳
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򵥣Ц˵ǿҾһֵļһֵļһʲôֵĵҩҲǲֵģ
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˵ͷ漴æعǣѾ̲סҪоЩҩˣ


119 㲻ȥ
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ڸ˵黹ûбҪعģ˵ûҴӶʹģ
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ȥûи첻Ǹմɨ˶ʹôҪɨˣҽҲϰʱ䰡
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ͻȻ֣ϵϢƺֹôһֻϢǰϢûʾ
Щ棬һǴɨϢ˲㱻ƵһȥˣȻһƬϢӿ˸ԺԶʱһհףæɲ
ԹҪɨٵ
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ϢȻøӶҪըˣ
Բۣ⵽ô°
׻ָ˹̲ס㿪ڴղŻӦʱסɲȻҪ¹ˣ
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һϢһദҪɨĵطֻţЩˣĿǰûǧͥûɨɾˣ
ȻϵϢƵúܽǸǾ֮ǰ涨ʱϰ࣬Щɶ˼ǧˣٵȸҲû顣
ȻҲкôģԺѡԼҪɨĵطˣ
ɨȴҲ㲻ȥˣΪǰֵմӦ˵飬ڱеģҲû˰취ֻܹȥɨˡ
£˽һϢԽԽˡ
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ʹȿȿȣͽܰΪʦһΪµĵһҪ侲侲ʲô飬ûǺƽ
ͽȻʹ֣ɨǶʱһĸղŵĻ𱬵ƢǸ
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ȻҲͥȴͥһƫƧĽͥûʲôϲǼλ
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ʦҪһĵطɣۻȱȥ˰ɣ
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ɨһ֣صĸ͵
ⲻҴӦİǰֵմӦģ
Щ˵
Ҳû취˭ǰ˾أҲȥɨ
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Щŵ˵
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ʦҺ㣡

ͽܣΪʦҲ㣡
ɨװͿ


120 
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Ҳ֪˶ãһҽУԼĿĵأ
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ģҰɣԸȥţţҲԸ
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ʲôʲôµģֲڼңôӿּӷյͥɨǣǸô
һ߲ͣĸԼһ߽
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ֻǲ֪ΪΣǾĳһ˫۾ԼЩɻҲЩ¡
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ЩֵţԽŬɨ
ķΧҲܲһҲЩɷ֮⣬ɻȻȴǸһֲĸо
ˣѾɨĸˣʣһˣ
վһǰ˿ֻҪɨһͿ뿪ˣ
ֻûעǣԶĵط˿һ˫۾˼Ķ


121 ʷҵ
ǰ⴦һͬʱҲʹеܹʷҵĹ
ֻҪɨ⴦Ϳ뿪ˣ
˵̻ɨѱ
ڴɨһƫʱ򣬸﷢һֵĶ
ⶫеһ󶦣ֺѰĴЩһҶлȼһɺɫĻ档
ûɫĻ棬ʱͱ˹ȥ
ɫĻɢһ޵鲻ԽľͶ֪УɫĻԽԽתۼ伸Ҫˡ
ǵûиоůǸоһ䣬ֻɲһеĶǺɫ޵Ļ棬¶һȵ

˵ţ̲סǺɫĻ˹ȥ
մǺɫĻʱͻأĳһֱֻӰȻ˦˹ȥ
ͬʱһڶ
СӣɲĶ
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һţһվȻԼ˿˹ȥ
ܹʷҵ̲ס㲻ǲ𣿡
˿̳ڸǰˣȻ⴦ˣܹʷҵȻ֮ǰûмȴڸսʱͿˣ޶Ը±㺰֡
ǰλܹܣһλԼʮŵˣƮݵĹװǴ˵еĶ񣬶һˡ
ʶң
ڸԼ֣ʷҵٻЩ棬Ϊǰװ˾Ȼֻһˣ
֣Ϊη˻ͥһҿƺɨģǴɨͥ鲻һɨʲôʱ򻻳һˣ
ʵҲ˵ʶǼˣ
ǰ˼С˵
ʷҵ˵ͷ漴ʳԼеɻ
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֪صּɨǴӷķˣɨǴɨͥ
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ԭˣ
ʷҵ˼ĵ˵ͷȻԼµĲࡣ
ʹͥǺĴڣȻҲͥ񣬵ȴ֮ͥϣûʲôԸشƫƧǵϢҲʮֵͨ
ʷܹܣǺɫĻ浽ʲôΪʲôҸղŲ㱻Իǣ
ǻȼŵĺɫʷҵʵ
ʷҵЦЦֻһӣǶбһɫĻɵġ
ǺɫĻ棬ʷҵ˵֮ҲǿԻ˵Ļ棬ֻҪôһ㣬Ϳ˼һߣ
ˣ
ѵ̿ˮǱʷҵĻŵˣû뵽ɫĻȻǿɢߵ֮𣬶ʷҵ˵ֻҪһͿ˼һߣôһŵ֮ǶԻˣ
ģøղû֮𣬲Уطʵ̫ΣˣȥˣøϿ뿪У
ţ㿪ڶʷҵ˵ʷܹܣûʲôµĻôҾͲˣ
һ˵ţһǽ˳ȥ
µĲֹ֮𣬻ʷҵȻʮţǸղ˵˼ߵʱȴһЦ⣬Ÿֱë
ǸϽȥɣ

һʱø˰أҲǲɵͣ
ѵתͷȥľսĿʵʲô𣿡
㲻ɨûɨ֮ǰ㲻뿪ʷҵ˵ƺʲôһЦ˵ҵһҪһЩ飡
ģôһ붼ȥˣ
вɵñ㰧ȴ޿κΣΪϾ˼ҵĵ̣˼˵Ҳû
û취ֻûɨ¿ʼɨ
ʷҵһԵĺĴ˸һ£Ƭ֮ڵһֱ֣ΪʲôҪôԼѵ˼ķ˶ϲôֵĴ𣿡
ȻǣͣеĻƶʷҵ˵ֻķ߶ѣ
ߣʷҵһ㶣ȴЦΪֹܷ𣿿Ĳ֪
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вɵһæʵ
̤ʱ򣬾ѾȾˣ
ʷҵһЦ


122 ֮
Ҳһ˵ʲôҽʱȫװĺòãҲûκζôȾˣЦҿĺòã
ʮ𾪵뵽
ƺǿ룬ʷҵһЦ㲻ΪϵЩԵֵ߰ɣҲûκζȴ޿ײģǲţǲһɫߣ
һ⻰ﻹҵ飬æ㽫𣬹Ȼ㿴󴦸ֳһɫߣϵľ첲ȥ
¿Ҫˣʲôʲôǧûܷסߣ߷ǵģźǿĴȾԣԼ˵ûɶҪǴȾ˱ǿɾˣ
ޡ˵ʲôԼҲҪ֪ͥвͨɣѵܽһСС𣿵ȵȡ֮ƹߣôӦҲߵķˣ
뵽æʷҵɣСˣܾȾС𣿡
ʷҵ˫֣˼˼ŶԸ˵ҪɾҲԣȰﱾ飡
û⣬˵ɣֻҪС飬Сһ쵽
ĵ˵ȴǰʷҵʮ˴ȫ˸飬Ϊͥ񣬾ȻҪЮԼ̫Ҫˣ
ܺãĻشʷҵĵ˵ͷűôȽϰɣ֮Ժң
˵ű뿪ˡ
ģ¸ɵԽԽˣİæɨţȻȾߣʷҵȻܾԼȴҪԼæһ飬˭֪Ҫĵʲô£
һƨڵϣЩƵ뵽ֽϹŵ·ȫ
Ѿˣ򵥵ķҲûʲôˣҹЩҲʵЩܡ
ȵȡߵĻ˵ҲһֶȻǶĻôٺٺ١
жʱһ֣һһСƿͳУȻ֮ǰġѩ¶衱
Ҫ֪⡰ѩ¶衱ɽٶʬҲԽ⣬֮ҲǿԽģ
һţһ߸æһѩ׵ĵҩ˼֮븹С
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ŵϲ̵Ŀ󴦵ʱȴǴʧһɫ߷ǵڣЩ
᲻һŲԣ
ŵҩ¶ǣ󴦵δȥԽ
֮ûô򵥣Ͼĵҩⲻˣˣǵȥʷҵɣ
Щɥ뵽
ûã㽫һҲɨĸɸɾˣȻæ򹬵ĺԺ˹ȥ
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һܴĺԺ˵ҲиǧƽøɵñпһҲͥˣ˼ûôĿյԺ
һɨͻȻͷһЩԾĵط
⴦ԺǿһģŲٸߴļɽмϡɼĻ԰ԼһЩĽΪĹϵ԰ĻľȫѾˣɽ֮ĽҲǲȱȫƺǱʲô˸ٵˡ
һƬľ󣬸ʱЩͷۣ˵ʷҵòԺҲɨ˰ɣ
˵Ҳиǧƽȫשʯ߿֮ĶѶȿɲһ㣬ʷҵǻʹˣ
߷߲ƽ뵽
ʱһֵĶ˲㽫˹ȥ
һ޴ļɽ飬Ĳɽ鱾һץۡ
ץԼĥ̴СΪǳʮ֣
ģʯһưôʯĶϣȻʯôץۣ󣬸µһһֻ޴Ĺˡ
ѵʷҵһֻ޴Ĺս
ЩĻعͷȥʷҵ뵽һ˲䣬ʷҵǰǸĶҲӳ
Ŷɣѵʷҵһֻ޴Ĺսһֻޣ
뵽ʱ˶ˡ
ܽһͥԺƻģһ޴ʯôץۣļһǺǵģ
ʲôɣҪûʲôµĻСɾȸ˰
һʯԶԶĶʷҵ
ʷҵͷҲص˵Ҫǲϵ˼䴫ȾĻ뿪ɣҲǿ㣡
ġ̫թˣ
а
Ҫôܰҽ⿪ϵ֮ҶѾ˵Ժ˰
ε˵
ʱǺĶͻȻһԺ
ʷҵ΢΢һЦˣ˾ҪԶˣ
ͻȻһ顣
ģιް


123 
ͻȻð뷨˿ﻹٴ漴׼󼪣
µģģͥͲͥлûһߵˣ
ұߣԱι޸Ϊ°ɣ
ӻأ
ͨ㣬ת׼˭֪ʱȴͻȻûӦʱǰĳͻȻһãǰһǾ޴ĶڣյģһŨصıϢ
ԣһͻȻġͲʲôǶֻ޵۾
ԴճʱһԺƵһ۾Ѿϡ
ģˣʦǧǵҪͽұ𰡣
һԽԽԼġɵа
ڸ𾪵УĹ˳
ֻһֻס졢ͷжǵľ޴ޣһԴĥ̰СѪﳤƾһݣ߳⣬Ҳڳ˸ǰ
ģʲôްû
һĺ۾ԼϣֱҪˣʷҵʮ˴ֱ˸顣
˰ɣȳԵ㶫ɣ
ʷҵ
ģڻˡʦǵΪͽұ𰡣
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ڽʳûǳԵȴһţһ࣬ҿóֻʳܴǰ˵Ҳǧˡ
֪ʷҵҪԼι֮󣬸˿ʵɣֻ޽ʲô֣
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𽥷޵ȱ㣬֪»⡢ɫԼ죬ÿĩʱǱűڡԴޣֱһϰݱϰףΪ޵ԵʣҲΪꡱ
񻰹²ֻмأںСʱ̽ܶˣֻһֱΪֻ鹹Ķ֮ĻҪãû뵽޾ȻҲڵĶҲ֪ôµȻͥ
һ뵽ԳΪв⻹Ǵ˸飬˭֪᲻³볢ҰζǸϽ뿪źã
뵽һԵʷҵڵɣﲻֻ޳ԶİɣﵽʲôҪģǿҰɣҽ֮Ҳ뿪ˣ
޵ģʵǲٴȥˡ
ðɣȻôҽиɣʷҵָǰʳ˵æܼ򵥣ֻ޴߾ͿˣȻҾͻ⿪֮
ޣȥģȥ˼ôϣæǰﲻˣ
Ȼģô޳˵Ĵ˵϶ҲģҪô˵Ĺ޴˼䣬ǴҲԸġ
ۿŸȥʷҵһ㺰ѵϵ֮𣿡
û£ͥô󣬷ҲǲȻԸҽ֮ôҾȥұ˺ˣæҲԸģ
ͷҲص˵
ź˲ֱǰһΣֻص˺Ժ֮С
ŸһģʷҵҲǰпΪο԰޵ľˣû뵽ǰСȴӦ⵱ѡ
ͥǨӦҲǸһǨȥģ֮ǰֻޣϹŶޣ֮ͥУλƫƧƽȻͥвٵ֪޵飬²ؼ߸߹ĵһֱҲల¡
֮ǰּϿ츰ΣΪ޵ĹϵһֱΪҲǲܸһȥģΪͥѰҿи֮ˣ޲ޣһͷĶޣټͥԵҲôã¾һֱϵˣ
ǲȥˣȻܵλסˡ
ѵ˸ô׷أ
ʷҵ۾һתһıӿͷ


124 ĸ
˵һЩ񻰣Ҳʵûа취ˣ˵ˣô˵ҲһֻϹޣΪһͷҲʮֲģ
дע⣬ʷҵźɫĶԸ˵úúãȻ㲻Ը뿪Ҳǿֻ޸ոѣҪһ£Ͱȥһްɣ湻ˣٴȻٰ֮㿴Σ
ޣ
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Լ֮Ҳûʱõˣ
һ׺ݵģжʱַѣҪ֪޿ǻ˵ģ㲻õûųɣԼȱԵˡ
뵽Щǵ˵ɣҲӦʳ˵Ĺ񱣬¸㲻ұԵô죿
뵣ģʷҵ˰˵ʳȷ£Ϲʱڵˣʱķྻʱ޶ʳˣѲ˽ޣѾʳˣҪʵڵģҵǿ԰ʩطȷԶ˺㣡
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ҴӦˣֻҪȷ޲˺ҾͿˣ
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ʷҵЦ˹ȥȻ˵ޣȥ
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ϹޣȻ츳߳ǶǺܸߣȻö˻ȴ˵޾ˣ
⴦Ժ˵֮Ҳ֮ʷҵԺ˷ӡ޷ȥ㣬Ѿڴ˵ر֮ˣʷҵƺȻȥӦŹˡ
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ĸ䣬ͬһͷӡһֽ͹ϵӵĸ˿ȫٿˣǵˣ֮仹ڹһĹϵĸ޶ĸ䣬ôǸˣһͬģ޻ţҲţϸ˵ȷʵЩݶ
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޺Ҳ֪ĸʷҵô˵˲˹ȥŸæҡҡĥ̰СԴʾ²УӦ
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ޣٻЩ£һֱҲǱž룬֪ʷҵ˵ʲôǵһԵһ۾ϵʱ֪ʷҵû˵ʲôû
޲ӦʷҵҲЩżΪĸ䲻ͬκͷӡҪ˫ͬǩ˫Ϊȫ޹أһӡӡֻҪһͬ⣬ĸ޷ǩ
ޣǲ֪ô֮ǰҿŰͥ꣬ҵͥǨұӦøҼλֵһȥģΪ㣬ҲһֱδȥΣ֪۴ҶٴΣȻ㲻Ըǩĸ䣬ҲǿҾҪȥ۸ȥˣطԶҲˣһ¶ϰɣ
ʷҵһתȥ
𡭡
˭֪ʱǰֻȴǵ˻һһɱ֮С
Ӧˣ
ʷҵҲǺһΪ˻УƺҲǲ޵ĲᣬޣȴҲиģ
ѣԺౣذɣ
ʷҵ˵⻰˹ȥ
ɣͺ𣿡
һĿʷҵ˵Щ棬Ϊղƺûпʷҵʲô
һˣܻеʹʷҵ˵ű㿴ôԸ𣿡
ʹԸʲô
ʱЩԺˡ
Ը޲˺㣬ȫ
Ϊĸֻᷴڣʷҵһ˵ĿĶһġ
Һԣ仰Ը˵޷ܾģ


125 ޹ͥ
ʷҵı֤ﻹʲôǣ±һӦ
ֻʷҵһָڸͷһ㣬ֻо΢΢ЩʹһѪ㱻ȡ˳
֣ҲûʹһҪҵѪ
һŶͷһЩ뵽
֪ʷҵԼȡĲһѪһξѪ
ʷҵǵξѪǰǺεĿ˸һۣԶ˲ô⡣
Ҳ֪ڵѾɲӦˣӦôֻıڴˣҪ֪Ϲ޵޵ģﱻţǩĸˣԻɣ
ţޱһţ³һξѪǵξѪȻҲǱʷҵһֻġ
ĺ棬֪ʷҵЩʲô
ʱֻʷҵͻȻ˫һξѪҲѹһɢһĿĹʡ
ֻоͷһڶʱһѪڣЩվסæһԵļɽϣԶޣҲ¶ʹɫ
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126 
ӲǺܿԼʮңȴǼ֪ʼںδֲֹںδˮ峺ƺǱߵĺˮҪá
ò״ޱˮʱ򣬸ʱЩˣ̶һˮ
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ʱЩˣ˵ϵļܵԼ˰ɣ
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ѽһ
ŵòʱ̲ס㾪æҲǷӦ˹æ޵˵ɿͿܳ԰
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Ҳû˰취ֻܽϳˮ档
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127 ҳһ
˰û°ɣ
ۿ۾æǰȥ˸к
ޣǴͨĶǿ֪ȻҲöģԼû´Ļղˢҵľ
۾ƺҲԺôһſǰ˵ģ

һ˲ֱȻ͵ĺб˹ȥֻãûܼײϰޡ

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128 СŮ
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뵽ɵЦ


129 ԰
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ۿȡˮʿѾ뿪Ÿˮ棬ˮһ̣ɵñں
ΪԼ岻úʵȴˣЩ⣬ܿһɨˣΪ´߱㸡һƬСӿУƼǳЩˡ
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뵽ɵñ
ϸʱҲĲˣǰ޴ȥʷҵˣϾԼϵ֮Ҫأ
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뵽ŷ޴˿ѲӰһûпޣȴеСһ𾪵̧ͷߵСŮҲ⣬·ǰʲôǺǳԾ顣
֣Ƕڿʲô
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һ˲䣬㿴һѪĻ档


130 ͵
ֻʱ˿̣ڿնվ֧ԣȻſҪȥϵҡ
Բۣ
ʱ̲סˣ˵ҲܳԵֲʥ԰غʿ׷ô죿
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ΪҧĲϵңǽ辣
Ҫˣ˵һˣѾİҧô£͵һֻӣûˣѾ֦һҧǴ
һ˲䣬Ѿҧסֻ֦ʼҡͷԵ˺ҧһٶϵұһζ±м
ˮеСҲ˲䷴Ӧ˹һӵϵĿʼ˲Щˡ
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ֻԶĵطͻȻһƬƣ֮ϱһ׵콫׳֮ڡ
ѽ콫׷ˣ


131 
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һﲻһϹޣһһǻ
ۿ콫Ѿ׷Ҳֻùˣʷҵ˺ü顣
һû¸ûԼʲôޣⶫŵ·ų˰ɣ
콫ץĻ·ǵҪصĴԼҲ˸ϵΪֻ֮ȥʦɨˣϣɨܰæƽ°ɣ
̾˿һΡ
ƺҲ֪Լ˴øԸ㱼ܿͰ콫ԶԶ˦˿ȥǻûȸһʱǰ治ԶĵطҲǳһ콫
꣡ǰ
Σһһֻһ߷˹ȥͷһʱһֻȻ콫ͬķ˹ԼµûĻǰ治ԶӦҲһ콫Լƺ·ˣ
Ȼ·ӣôֻȥ޿ռڶһˣͥǱ˲Ļǻܴ鷳׸ô죿
ż֮£ֿʼĴѰҿԶصĵط
ʱԶĵطһڿеСʯƺһԶصĺõط
ޣȥǵöһˣ
޵Դ˵
޻⣬̱㱼˹ȥ
˵طһʱɵۣʯûԼһ˵ҲԶţôȴ޴ɶˡ
ģתһȦûҵʺ޶ܵĵط
ѵֻȥ޿ռ𣿸Щż뵽֮ΣǲϣЩ콫ץסġ
ţͻȻִһ΢춯ŵøоһͷһŷԶĵطһʯʯһλɷǵߡ
һ˴磬뷢Ժڣֳһ⣬һͲƽ֮ˣͶ֮·𶼴һɰȻƣ˿һ΢Цſһŵĸ
ƺûʲô⣬Ҳ˿ŶԷʼһЦĿҲЩ֣񲢲ʶλɰ
׻˵˲֣һλɣһһλͺɣҲʧæޱȻߵǰʩһ񣬵ɣ
ڳƺ⣬һֱЩᣬڵݣͥ˱ӦԳɨǵģʵǲôҲˣ˱ɣһɣһǰûдģ
Ȼһڣ߱ĵ˵ͷָָʯʶ˵
Ǹȥ׼š
ţԶĿб㴫һ춯¾ͻˣˣǼɣ
׼ǰλ߸Ǽʱλȴڵ޷Ҳģ
ţ
Щ㶣һ˲ͷӦ˹һ󼤶˰ƺԼ²ƴǣæŻͷһޣȴǲɵһ¡
ֻһֱݵޣ˿ȴʮ˳ſ˵ϣ֮ǰ˲ϢʧӰˣ쳣Ĺɣֱһֻ˳ļèһֻŴٱļè
ЩɵĿ޼ۣŻعͷȥǰλߡ
ЩֵǣλǰҲԿλߵݣÿգһ۾λߵƺ±仯һ⵱治ѡ
̧ͷԶһű㿪ڵ϶Ƿ˲СĴǾȻĶ׽㣡
֮Уƺһ˿٩˼
εЦЦǰλ߶˼֮УʵҲûʲôǲСȥ԰ժ˼Ӷѣ
ǰλ߲ûʲô⣬ҲͲղŷ鶼˳ʡȴԼСŮһҡ޽֦жϵ顣
֪ͨԼһһ֪һ֮дһʣҲֻ̽ѡ
㵨ӵǲСۣ֪԰ĸĵ̣ǱץĻɲǼ򵥵һµģ
ҲֻǵһЦ
֪֪ҲܹҰһҪȥ͵ңȻҲˣ
˵ţֺݺݵĵһۡ
ͬʱԶĵطķ콫Ѿۼһڲ鿴ܣò˶þͻҵˡ
ɫʱЩѿˡ
æɾң
΢΢һЦȴ𣿡
ţһ㡣
Щزˡ
һӣʯ϶ʱһ̡
ɣ


132 ˮͯ
壿ⶼʲôʱˣ尡
кǿƵ뵽Ҫģô°һ̩ȻģвɵҲƽ˼֣߼Ȼղ˵ҪԼȻҲķӣԼԾͲȥˣˣ
뵽ջ˼׼һ塣
ԶЩ콫˿Ҳǻһ
Ϊ׵һЩֵ˵ǹˣղһһģôͻȻͲӰǴһΧģôˣ
һٵҿ˵δأͥܵδȥǶʲôطˣǵÿЩץסȻĸֵܿǳﲻ𰡣
УһʹֻۣһָŲԶһλ˵ҿƺˣ͵ҵ˻᲻
Ǹ֮
ѰҲ͵ҵˣȻЩ׷Źٱ򸡵˹
ûȵǿʱȴСͯһԷ˳סǵȥ·
Сͯ˴Ǹĵطȥ
⻰ǵʱôЦԲδͯ
ͯҲŭǰȺһ˵ЦûЦ˾£
Ϊ׵һٱСͯǺЦҵǿص׽͵ҵˣͥûǲȥĵطǿÿĪҪǣ
⻰ǵһСͯʱЩҪ׽͵ҵˣҲ㣬ȥ£ûҪҵˣ
һƢãۼű֪ðСͯסȥ·˲ʱ䣬±ǰͯС޿ÿȻݹҲˣǣĪʲô˵Ķ˵͵ҵ˴˿̾
⻰ͯʱͱɫȵ
һֱӻһӣȻǽٳ˹ȥǽû뵽ǰСͯȻҸԼ֣ۿһӳԼŷӦ˹ֻΪʱǱӻԼ
䣡
һ죬ǽٵ궼һ޸ˡ
󵨣
ۿͬ鱻֪ðСͯʣµʱɫһһ֮׼ͯסηеޣֲǰ
󵨵֪ͯҵǿ԰ȷǵֹѰˣȻһѵ֪Ƿ𣿡
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һŭЩĹҲվǰ˭͸˵˵Ҽʦ͵ҵˣѾǺõˣȻܣ
⻰ǽٶʱҲǱɫΪѾǰСͯˣ⿴е޾֪ǳʵǿɼ֣֮ǿνʦʱҲ϶Ǵ֮ˡ
ˣЩصԵģֻΪ˵˼ð֮ͱ꣬Ҳδ̫ԵЩѵΪԼ
뵽ǽٱôλʼһ±ҪһȻ
ȻȻ׽ǾҪûǸˣ
ǽٻδ˵꣬㱻֮ǰִ޴ĵͯˡ
һͯƺҲִ̫󣬱ǽ˵ԭ͹ֲǣʦڴ彲ЩһԵ޹ʵľʹ˹裬ʦŴһޣ˭֪㲻򣿷ˣ˵ҲˣҪҪĻȥιɣ
̡ι
ǽһ⻰ɫʱǳɫˣιʲôطǿ֮һ̫鱦ľס֮Ҳ˵ǰСͯǱιˮͯˣ
ȻǱιˣôǿеʦӦþλ̫鱦ʥˣ
ȵȡͯӸղƺ˵ʦڴ˴彲
ģԭλ̫鱦˿̾ڴ˴
һ뵽ǽٶʱЩǱߵļţҪƶˡ
ǧ򲻸ãûʱͶ͵ҵ˱ڴ˴ýǻ˵˳ʥˣͥϵĴڣȻ˵͵ҵˣҲѹͯˣ
ʱ˿̣ﻹҪʲôֻŸϽǣһʥ׷Щһˡ
ȻʥˣͥĪǽȫˣĸҲǲʵģû׼ȥ鱦Ǹ
Ǳ͵˵ң²Ļˣ


133 彲
һʱ䣬Щ콫Щ
׵ģ֪Լ鷳׶׵ģֻηͯеޣͬҲǲҶ
ˮͯӶʱҲЩ˵һ˵ôˣЩһô뿪ѵǵٰһ
ͯӵƢˮͯҪ࣬ۿǰЩһﻹȥžһ˦һ±ӣУľս
ͯŭôߣǲǻҵıӣ
⻰ظ˹ȻˮͯӻһݣҪ̤ȥ

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һУ˿Ҳֲֻ֮ΡΡת
ˮͯӵ飬ϣ˭ҪߣͬģҲὫ¸ʦΣ
Ϊ׵һ⻰ŵڷ
һ˸æȭλͯӷģǾԲκ𣬼Ȼ£ôǾ͸ˣ
ˮͯӵ˵ͷȥ£
Ÿæ˿ȥ·ˮͯӷһ㣬ֱҲˮͯӵӰͣ
ղŵľһĻĿһ˵Ȼˮͯ˵˲׷£ܹǶһ콫»ȥθĸ
һҡһָԶһɽղҿвٵСǸȥˣмֻƺңȻǸץץֻСȥҲǿԵģڸղŵ飬˵ץСʱˣĸҲǲʵģ
һ⻹һİ취͵ҵĴһʱҲҲˣץֻСҲǲЩСȷңҲԩǣȥ˵ץСʱСˣ˭ôۣȻʥˣʥҲ
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ͯ˵˵ֻ𣿲ʦҲûʽҲ֪Ϊʲô
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Сϲ壬ùٵĽǸǰλ߶֪ʲô졢ˣԷмܲס鶼Щ
ߵ彲ľĲ壿ĵҲ;ˣ
˵űݹһŵҩ
лӹҩһֻһöɫĵҩСĴָָ׸ǰС治ʱâ֣Բһĵҩɱȵģ
Ҳ±̷ȥһʱ䣬ڱһůʼ֮ǰķ֮йȻӰ񶼱
޵ⵤҩȻʮֵ棡
ЦЦҩֶʼֻ֮ǺԣٶĵҩҲֻ޼¶ѣ
ƶǶĵ˵ͷֿʼǰ̡
ֵ߽壬ʵҲһֵΪأΪ̣أ
˼̧ͷ˿ߣһ˿ã֮ɫ
ߵֻܾ˼֣˵Щʲô
ֻõ˵ͷ漴ֶǰ壬ߵĻȴǲӿĶУȻһʲô˼ȴá
ԿΪֻͬѣΪΪΪΪȻߣȴ޼֮ΨС
ߺ콲УһľС
Ҳ֪˶ã˹һ̧ͷǰʲôߣŵͷһʲô֣
֣⵽ô°ô
Щֵ뵽Щģ˲ٵĶһ㡣
ֵΰֹҾȻεһֻޣСŮң̫ˣˣɨģҵøϿȥˣȻʦҪˣ
뵽Ÿæվ˭֪תʱȴײһë׵ļһ
ȿǰһ֮󣬸Żع
ԭһжΰ͵Ұ


134 ӵʷҵ
ǰޣ֮ǰʱһһԺŻعԭһжΣԼǴˣ
һղǰ׷콫ѾˣǸҲûӰ
ٻղ˵Щһã
ˣˣȰ޻ʷҵȻȥʦɣ͵£ûô׽ģ
öע⣬ޱϣһһޱķȥˡ
һ·ϲδκε콫Ҳ֪˶ãֻʱȴЩ쳣
֮ǰʱǰյǵŵģҲЩģڣǰƲֹΪϨˣҲûһ˿
ȻͥûкҹشƫƧƺֱʩĳֽɣԵҹһ㡣
Щͷ
ЩɻţҲǰţֱޱ֮ǰǴԺУԺȻһƬңû˿ı仯
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ޱֱʷҵĹ˹ȥûǰһֻ󶦣֮ǰװ֮Ĵ󶦣ʱǶе֮Ѳټ
Ҳ̲סһ˵ʷҵò·˰ɣ
ϸƺֿܣһ֮ǰ͸¶Լ޵뷨ԼӦνޡķӣԼϵ֮вԼ
ȵȡ֮ϵ֮ô죿
һæ鿴Լ󣬽ȴʲôҲûУ֮ǰ߾ȻʧӰˣ
⵽ô°
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ģһ·ˣӵʷҵ
ŭʱף֮ǰν֮ӦֻʷҵˣһСˣΪľԼ޴Ȼ󷽱·
ãƨɾˣԼ¿鷳ˣΪ͵ңӦͥͨҪˣȻΣʷҵ˦ƹް˳ɵչˣ̯ôǻԺԽԽˣ

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Ȼ䣬ǾԼ޶һѵˣ
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ЩţŸæع㼱æ˵ʦģܹܲȥҿܴˣҲþȾң
ΪʦɨѸϽɣβǴˣһǴ˴ˣˣ¼̸Ͻģ
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ɣ
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һ·ϣľսΨִԱͻȻܳһ콫Ȼ͵ˣãһ·ϲûʲôɡ
ͥǨɶǨǱȥˣžͿʼķˣ֮ǰЩ壬ȴοȻͱץˡ
ͣɨѸȻǽȥˣֻſڵȺţԼ˽ȥ
Լᰮ㣬Լ̫ûʲôܹ㣬ҲҪܴ
ƿŵһɲǣĲĸʱ˸Ķ䣬ǰĳֵһĻ˲Щزˡ
֮ǰд˼˲ٵļҾߺƷͬҲ˲ٵĵ̨豸ͥûеģЩȻҲû֮أԺʱ˸û뵽ɨȴǲ֪ʲôӸЩͨ˵硣
͵ĵƹ⡢֡ոµıԼڲMVľ޴ƽӻǸƤɳòƷźƵˣһĻҪǳ˼䣬ǵȷûʲôֵģǳͥǾδ̫˰ɣ
ǲɵñһ¡
ֹǹ죬ֱ̫ˣ


135 ʥ˽
ǰһֵĳҲ˺ôһָæӦ˹ڿɲǷ㶵ʱ򰡣
ԶĿ˹ɨǱĴָ޵ͽܰ˼Щ⻹İرᳪĺӣֱ̫ˣ
˵ʲôӣ𣿵żҲûʲôɨ̽
ֽˣߵɨǰһƵ˵ʦҴˣɵþȾң
ɨһ˵Ҳ֪Լǰɣ
ɨǵƺûôᵽɤ۵·漴æһֺõĶϵĺָɨǵһ
ʦͽ֪ˣұ֤ԺҲ᷸ˣдͽ£
ߣСӣ㵹ûʲô⣬ø˵˵㵽״ˣΪʦûгԣ
ɨһܵĺ˿ںƣȻ۾ʼζ
̾˿ŵͷҼ֡
ҲʷҵĻڲƭŰ޴˳ôͥĴεҲȥ԰͵ҵʱҲûֹ
ȿȿȡ
û˵꣬ȴǱһˣ̧ͷһ㿴ɨͨĿţһָֻֻԼϵı鶼Щ
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㣿ԶԶԡΪʦ˵⻰ΪʦָĲ°Сӵ˶鷳͵ҵģʮ͸ȥ𣿡
ɨǼֱҪץˣͽһ㶼ԼʡģԼԭҪ˵Ǹʮ춼ûͥɨû뵽ȴǸ˸Ϣ
ȵȡʮ죿ʲôʮ찡ʱԼӦͥ˲ѣôʮˣ
ţ㿪ʵʦղ˵ʮʲô˼
ʲô˼㻹ʲô˼ɨû˵Ѿʮûͥɨ֪
ôܣһӾЩˣ˵԰ǽĲŶԣôͻȻһӾ͹ȥʮˣ
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ѵɨ˵ʱѾȥʮˣ
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ۿŸһãɨƺҲЩԾˣʵ㲻֪Ѿȥʮ𣿡
ãȻҡҡͷû⵽ôһ¡
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Ҳûȥһֱͥ˵͵֮ұˣȻ󲻶콫׷Ҿ˸طţǵطպиɣ壬һ廹һ߸ҽһЩֵĵȻһعʱѾˣȻҾȥ׼޻ʷҵʷҵѾˣҾʦˣ
ɨɫʱͱЩŹ˵Ǹɣʲôӣ
ϸһ£֪ΪΣȴôҲ벻ߵӣֻ˵Ҳ֪ô£ͻȻ벻ˣҼǵкһ⣡
⣿
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һ£˵ʲôԿΪȻͬʲô֮ĶЩǲˣôʦʶǸ𣿡
ۿɨͻȻô⣬ЩʦʶǸɵİɣ
ɨǲ־˾ԼɽȻʼڷ߶
컯컯ԼµûĻԼɵͽľ֮һ鱦ˣҪ֪ʥ֮ʥ֮˭ֻὲ
ֻ鱦Ϊ֮һôںһССķˣȻΪҽĻʥ֮
⵱̫˷˼ˣ
ͥɣȻѵõɣҲŵȣһչ꣬ʮ꣬ⶼǾе飬Լɵͽһ鱦𽲵ʱˣʮƬ̰Ĺ
뵽ɨ˼Ŀ˸ۡ


136 ûһö
Ȼ֪鱦ΪˣǶԼɵͽ˵ɵ֮õˣ
ۿɨȻŲӣһһ˼ı飬бԽЩż
Ƭ̲֮סڵʦ˵仰ڸô죿ص콫ܻڵץأ
ɨŻعʱһ鷳أ
԰飬ɨǵȷҲ֪ģ˵͵ҵ˵ڻûץȻһΪϢˣȥץ˼ֻСɨǿû뵽͵ҵ˾Լͽܣ
źղ˵ĻɨǱ㲻˵͵ҵһģ
ſأ̫û

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û˵ͷ˵Ҳֵġ
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ɣһʲô£ϾǰʳΪġ
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Ȼûһö
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û뵽ɨȴεĿ˸һۣȻҡҡͷ˵ͽܰʵɣԺֻˣҲٰʷҵˣһԺˣ
Ұɣɥ˵һһǻź𰡣
û취ΪʦµòĻ޿϶Ǹǩĸ䣬һʮֺݶū䣬ͬڰ޵һҪˣҲˣͬģҲΥκȻΪһôһֻϹ޹Թģ
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ʷҵһĻʵ̫ˣ
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142 ĸ
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ڸĸ̾Уһص˲㱻˸ɸɾŸóһЩɹɲ˸ĸı
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򰡣Ҫ֪ũһĵҲŲǧ룬ĻҪϺüĵˣ
ŸĸһԾģȻҲǵ⣬˵裬ǿŰɣֻǵһԺҪĹȻҪһܴĵأԺǿǰ;ģ
˳ϢĸȻҲϲüң£ĸĸȴȫģҲܸʲô飬ֻǸ߸׬Ǯͺˡ
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һ˵һӻûôǮʱŵֶЩˡ


143 ֵĶԻ
ʵں֮ǰʱ򣬸һֱŸһǮǸʱʼ벻ҪǸĸʱԼӦνͣ¾һֱû뵽ȴǱ׵Ľˡ
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Цҡҡͷ˵ΪͽͽĶôõÿһʱҶҪһλͽܻͽ½署ֿҪ˽ʱˣ
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144 ͽ
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ĵʱ򣬸׼ʱ˷ƵѧУſڣ˷֮Ƽʻ˹ȥ
ԼԲѵʱ򣬷ƵĸĸҲûٲģԼǵȥݻһ¡
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ɾⲻܵ飬ȴǰ˸ˣ
Ȼ򵥣


145 ͵
ڸԲѵһʱ䣬ƵһһȻҲǱǱһֻ۱һֻ۵̬ƺ͸ĸģֻֻ۾Ҳղˡ
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146 عˢ
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ʱ㾪һ亹ʲôʲô͸ѩѾܵˣƾȻҲˣŮһ̨ϷֱҪ
˵ˣƻ֪飬ָôͣ
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ΪʲôҪƭѩǲ˵˺ܺõģҾƽ϶Ҳϲģ
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ѩЩԥ˵һϲƣΪϴʱչһпδɩӣƭĻԼʵЩĲ̡
һ棬ҲʮֵĿСĸ˫żòҵһסԼҪǲæĻͲټסˡ
һʱ䣬Ծ
֪ԼСǸƽѾάƽ״̬ˣʱԼֻҪ׳һССնͿ԰Լһˡ
һп˲˸ѩǰ˸ѩ˼Щֵ˵磬𣿡
ЦЦȻ˻еп˵֮ǰ׼㻨Ǯ
㻨Ǯ
ѩɫһϲæֱҪȥãȴһѩһץ˸ա
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㣬õЩ㻨Ǯ֮ǰðҸСæ
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Ǻǣǧ飿СѩҲ̫С˰ɣ֪ſжǮ𣿡
ЦŶԸѩ˵
ѽ
ѩһ˵
ָֻͷ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ѩһ㵵˵
NONONOЦҡҡͷ˵ټһ㣡
ʮ
ѩʱЩˣΪǧ㻨Ǯû뵽һ־ȻǶʮЩˡ
ѩڵѧУһ޸Уÿ¸Ѻ㻨Ǯٿ飬ƽʱһĻһ»ʣ²٣ãǻܸôǮʵҲǺġ
õȴǶʮʮģ˵ֱһˣԥһ£ջǽпݵ˸С
΢΢һ㶵ôˣ𣿡
ǣѩҡҡͷ˵ǲʵ̫ˣҪǸһǧһţôҿɲҪʱ򱻰֪ҿ϶Ҫˣ
ЦЦȻ½п˸ѩС
İɣǲ߰ģҾ֪ôѵ绹ܸ㻨ǮˣǮŰɣҪ̫Сˣ绹׼أ
ǰûǮʱ򣬸ֹһҪԼԺ󷢴˿϶ҪԼļ˶Ϻӣ񲻾ҪΪԼ̫СԵʣԼһ͸
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154 
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ûãſڱһ
ͷ˸ѩһۣӣξͿ㰡ǧˣ
OKû⣡ȥŰɣ
ѩ˸OKƣߴٸϿȥš
һſ˹ȥ
һ򿪣ЩӶʱ˸ǰأôôòſţ
û£ͷ˵úұˣղأ
ã
õ֪ģǰЩҲǸбõǲ֪һʱЩ
ˣҲû˵ʲôѽôͿʼˣ
һȻæ˽л˵ɣ
ݣѩͺľȺˣʱѩæܵ˷ߡ
ƽ㣡
ѩĺһ
Сѩôˣ
һ߷еСһߺǿĵ˵ڸҲǼΪϲġ
Һ֮ǰ;ҪˣôҸû𣿡
ѩЩ˵
ԼϣʱεЦЦȻԷ˵֮ǰȷ˵Ҫ˵õ죬˭֪ˣһûü㣡
ơมһƺҲʮ⣬Ŀһ˲䵽˺ϡ
һĻæǰһ
ƣλҵıãк꣬꣬зƣǸŮѣϽн㣡
ƶںûκεӡ󣬵ǺڷȴΪϤˣϾ֮ǰСʱ򣬾;ƱڻʱѣæһЦȻ󺰵ƽãǺ꣡
Ʋʶ꣬ȴܾԼƺӦʶģһʱȴôҲ벻ȻٻЩɻ󣬵ܿͷӦ˹
΢΢һЦ֮˵û뵽ȻôƯã
ѽƽƯģ
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ոջΣû׼磬ļҶ˵Ϊȫľס֮ȻҲǲȥѩ𣬸æҲǵ˵ͷ
ðɣȻǶͬĻôҲͬˣϵͽǵķˣ
˵ҲһԵɳ
û뵽ȴǵһۣȻ˵Ҳţȥæϴˣ
ΪԼøУû뵽ͷǵȥæڸѩһ󻶿ЦУɥһŷƽ˳
ϴˡǣЩҲǵӦ֣ͷһҵĳ档
䣬ƿʵǸõǸģ
รѽãͶҵģ
Щ󺬺˵ȴһš
Ͷ˵ԺҪס𣿡
в˵ٶȺͷŸ˵
жʱ㡰⡱һ£˵ȻˣƹȻǲúסѵʲô𣿿ǺҪǲסĻȥأ
һʱ䣬ҲΪＸûʶˣΨһˣҲûбĵطȥˣ
ţʲô˼
ƺǺʵ
һ㶣˵ѵԼ𣿷˵ǻ˼ߺꣿ
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˵ŻͻȻһֱִ㽫סˣŵһ飬еˣŭĻͷһȴϸһԺ
Ǹ𰡣
Щֵ˵
û𣬾뱧㣡
Ц˵ȻԴ˷Ƶļϡ
У˸жŮҲľΪԼǣȻЩʱҲǲò˵
Ұ㣡
ڷƶ˵


155 ˾Ķ
һ۵Уʮֵֻĳ͡
ѩͺȻҪסģڷƣҲǲؼȥˣڸ﷿Ƚ϶࣬Ҳסµġ
ȻҪסҲҪʰһµģŮָæ¥ʰȥˣģ֮ǰڹֿǸĿԺе˹ȥ
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عһģ㻹ǵ͵ҵҩ𣿡
ع˵ͷȻǵã
ЦЦ͵ԵĲһĵҩ̫ϾƵľת𵤣
ת𵤣
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عļֱڵѪǿǾת𵤰ΪرȻô׵ıһֻ꾫͵ˣǱﰡ
һΪȻģűæֻȻ֮ǰµĹﻭݵعǰ
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عҰ׵ɫʱҲ¿ûô򵥵ˣʲôȻ԰һɸų
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ԽӸо̬أع˵ô»ǵøϽ֪ͨ˾У
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ĳֵǰعһΪ֮ǰûмģΪʲô֮Ķ˲еĹԴк˹ȥ
ոճ֣˲㿴һԼϴ˹ǹתŵæγı˹ȥ
ˣס֣
ۿ黹ûʲôüĿԼ˵ǿҪˣæֹ
Ȼһͬʱס֣Ȼһ㵵ĿŸͬɣʶ
ε̾˿Ȼͷ˵ȰѱɣҽɲΪ˴ܵģ
⻰عŽеıʱҲſ˶Էģ
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ΪʲôĴ磿
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156 
ǰСװĿͷæˣϽɣһҪأ
ŲΡΡȻԸȭʣСض֪޲ԣ޲
˵ͷʵղ˵˾һЩ飬ʲô飿ǲǸЩйϵģ
˵Ŀֻ˹ȥ

һ㶣ָæӦ˹µĲ˾µȷǸйأǲǶ
ǶʱЩˣʵôֲ˾Ƕʲô
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˵ʷ඼Ҫ࣬ҹȻ֮Ϊ壬ȴǶһĺ塣
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ֱŮھѡӵˣǺˣͽ壬ǱԶˡ
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ʵĹòϻ棬Ҳ޵ģǱ࣬ңҲǾġ
ΪķܣҲʼһӣʼһЩĹͨ飬Ǻǧ˸ֻеǸ塣
ǲۺʱȻΪѪҲǺһòĹ壬Щǹе壬ϵȨͨͨĹ壬ӳһ̣㱳˱ʹ
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ŻĴ磬˾ڵҲǽŰ
ȵ˵֮عһ꣬û뵽оȻôһι£Щͷ
˵ôͻȻͳô¶أͥ͵ҵûݵûԼûһ˾巴࣬ôô°
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У»øʦУЩͥÿ춼еҪҲҵˣ
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˵ͷ˵ɣҲǰҲٵæֻҪģƴǣ
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Ŀ˲䵽ֻϡ
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һӵʵǲģԸڵʵûһССĹ
˵ЩѶȣΪƮͲ֪
뵽ʵ֪𣿡
ҡҡͷֺ뵽ʲôæɣȻС֪Сȴһ취ҵ취ǵÿɲܰ쵽
ʱҲȤæ˵
˵ȻԲбֻһС֣ʵֻѣвٹūɿٻЩūǰæ
Щԥ˵ղҲ˵ˣ˽ԱеΪʹģ˵ЩūѰǹ𣿡
ɲǲӦˣǲɱвǩĸ䣬ǾͲΥɵˣ
ĸ䣡
ʼվĸ̫ڰԵˣĿǰҲΨһİ취ˣҵĻֻɱˣĸĸɣҲǵһˣ
˵ٻʵνġˡֳơ˲һܵͼķǺܿϧᣡ
칦Ҳûм˵ͨΪѾǷһˣعȴǻģ±㴫ڸ˸
ʵ˵ҲǼ򵥣ֻҪһЩȻԴӹūоֻСȻΪԼãھйʲôȴȫˡ
²˳٣±һһ紵ǰͻȻͻأĳһߴӰűһǺ
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һǺĺУſ壬˿̳ǰһҵľǾļϺͷϴ˿ֻ̻ģĹ塣
һģЩūǺ־Ǻݣȫһܰµӡ
عͷȥعʵعôЩһͻȥҪڻһ
˵ʲôأǿǺòײ˳ô׾ͻȥĵϽþƺò˵İкλүүȻҪǺÿ
عδ𻰣һķֵĹūȴǴӾȻָŸ
عɫʱһ䣬˵ūô࣬ôƫƫ;ֻ¹
ūе¹ҲǸճΪūǻûٻֹūЩһҲû˾ȻҲû棬ֹһ㶼Ƿŵйٻ֮˵Ȼǵ³ܲңΪ˼Ȼٻ㣬ô˵ʵ϶Ҳǿģ
ֻūĵһӡͲãȫֳ²ĸоļһȻҲǲõģūкܶ࣬ȥٻһҲˣ
û뵽ǣֻķֵĹūȴǶһҪԺþƺòˣ±̲סЦعεĿһֻĹūҡҡͷ
ūֵǮĶǲ˾ĹϽΧҲǲ׷ģǺЩЩūˡ
ۿԼǰͻȻЦģҲһֿɵƵԼֹūʱЩˣҪ֪еϴ󣬴ʱ㳰ŪϾʹգ
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عı֤ʱҲͷһ̧ͷ㷢ǾѾȭͷԼ˹
Ҫ֣һԵعȴǵס
ɣ˵СǲҪɳֵģСԶԸˣ

ɣ˴ҹϽĵֻ̣СԵŶԣ
عǫõ˵ȴһŭϸҲǣǧǰΪ˼ܵ۵ĴЩڹĹū̵ֻס
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⻰һ£͵һѽֹū
˵ʲôѵϹԯڵ𣿡
⻰ĸҲǺ
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159 ֹūİ취
һǱѰӣϵ鼸һһֻûһ˸е˵¶
ĺֹūϹԯǸʱԵʮֵ𾪣Ҳ˼Ȥ
Ѿ鷳ˣ鷳ҲνˣҶ˽ЩܹҲǺõģǰЩ׼ˡ
ţʵϹԯʲôˣ
һѽеֹūڵϣ̾һ֮˵ɣϹԯ˾ܾ֮ǰʹڵһ˵˵ǹһλ󽫾ǧǰѾȥˣЩűϹԯţ֮ǰΪֻΪ׳ƣŽϹԯŰ˳ϹԯûдڹҲֻǸնѣǡ
Ϲԯڵģûֻһֱڳ˯ѣ
δ˵꣬ȴǱһԵֹūˡ
ৡһ죬ı˲ʣһɫıͨޱȣɢڤֹ֮ūϣв㻹֪ʲô˵ȻҾͲˣ
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˵Ļ͵Ǳ˹壬Ϲԯļƻܴ鷳ȻԸμϹԯļƻҲԸΪߵ³Ǻܲҵģ
˵ϹԯԹΪʳģɲø³
Σţ
̧ͷһ㿴˸жʱðһǰ취İ취
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֮ǰ˵ˣĸһֺܶ񶾵ūһûԸǩģȻΪ˻֮ȴǲڴˡ
ֹū飬ҡҡͷмСǺõģ⼸Сܰµ£ǰ⼸ūʵʵ̫˵ʲôˣ㲻ûԼչǣֿǲģ
ҡҡͷֹܾū顣
ֹūʱҲǼˣź˸ʯϵֻֻʾһŹͼƬʱһæֶԸ˵ɣֻ֪ҪСǩĸ䣬СͰһж㣡
øЩ޷⣬˵ֱ˵ͺΪʲôҪҵū˵ⲻǴ
ƺǿ˸룬ֹūεĽ͵ɺСǩĸ䣬ôСǾɵūˣū޷ܾ˵ģһҲ͹ֲСˡ
ò˵ֹūĺøе˵ȷһܺõİ취
һǸ˸е飬֤ԼõģҲͲٰͻȥˣҲȥв˺ˣߣǱĸȸ߶Էе飬Ǳ֪ˣҲûµġ
ع˲ҲҲһȰ˸˵޷ǶһЩԴΪ֮Ļ
˾黹ǽʮ־ȥҲǲ岻֣˼ȴѾ˼ɱ˺ü˵εߣҲн̣ҲҵʱپعôһȰҲʹӦ
ϴκǩĸ飬Ҳоˣûñߺūǩĸ䡣
ĸĺ֢Щģ±ʹĸģڼūҲһʹģĸоûñʧˡ
ǰһֹūʵԸҹϹԯ˰ɣ
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⻰ʱһŭϸһ룬ֹū˵Ҳûֻŭ
ˣ˰ֵ͸ɣ
ԸֹūŶ˵еϹԯȷʵǴڵģҲûֻһֱ˳˯ѣһֱڵһᣡ
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160 Ϲԯ
Ȼǩĸ䣬ôǸСˣҲʵϴˣϴʣֹūȻǲҲ˵㽫Լ֪鶼˸
ֹū߸ϹԯȷǴڵģϢҲ˽⣬Ϊ˵ֻ֪顣
֪Ϲԯ飬ʵҲǴӹഫĴ˵ġ
˵֮ǰ˾һ׺ݵͷǶȻͷȴΪۣΪڣٸ裬ɱ˾жףʮ־Դѹ˷֮
ٺһŮӰǵĺӾǺϹԯ
г⣬ϲûжĽϹԯ游յҲ⡣
Ϲԯɳĺܿ죬ȫ̳׵ʱͳΪ˹Ĵ󽫾
˾ûеˣǹȻԼľӣΪĲǱģȻڴܹһص˼䡣
ֹū֪ĹϹԯһܿµĴڣ˵߿ɴףǣǹǿսͬʱǹӢۣһǴ˻ص˼䣡
ǼǿϹԯҲȥһ죬Ȼ̳˸׵ʼղܵõǹеһЩ岻ԸʧȥϹԯǿս˵ϹԯطϹԯ˳˯УٴҪʱٽѡ
ϹԯӦˣ
ǳǧĳ˯㿪ʼˣֱڣֱ»ˣ
ϹԯĿֻһǴռ˼䣡Ϊʼټӣ跨һЩ͵˼䣬˼ɱ˵Щ壬˼ĿֻһǾֻܵš
ֹūľʱҲЩֹū˵ûĻϹԯĸ׾ȻϹеս죡ΪսĶӣսҲǿ֪ˣ
һ룬ʱ־úЦϹԯȻ˾ʮ־ҲǳԸɷģοһĵزЩһҲǷ˵ġ
һ˵˾ʮ־еز˼ѣ֮ͥȻǿȵùͥ콫վֲ˵ġ
Ц˵Լ룬عȻҲǸȴûʲôӦһԽӺѵԼ˵
ԥһŶԸ˵֪ڹ壬˾ʮ־еزǲֵܳģ˾Ҳ˾Թֻ֣ܾ赲˼䣬˵ǣŮСͲô˽ˣ
䣬һԵعҲǺ뵽ʲôԸ˵˼ʱɱ˺öˣⱾǲˡͥƺҲûô׷ҲΪŮĹϵˣͥҲпܻ֮ˣ
ع˵Щǳ
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ʱЩˣ˾ܶԹֻ֣ܾ赲˼䣬ͥֱӾǲŲʵ̬ȣ˵⻹ΪŮĹϵŮﲻĸΪʲôҪľ
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һѾǶԸˣľȻĿǰ鵽ֻһѣ廹֪أ
˼䣬Ŷֹū˵а취𣿡
ֹū˵ͷСа취
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ǧ֮ǰĳعڶûǣô˵æڴӦ
ʱֶŸһݣȻ˵ɣûʲôµĻСȻ˾ȥˣϹԯĳѾ˾вСϿȥʮ־²еļƻ
뿪ʵе㲻ԸģΪ˾Ĺʹڹ˽϶Լ࣬߿϶°빦˵Ļ޷Ȼ˾޷Թ֣ȴܽ赲˾ĿǰҲҪģܸȡٵʱ䣬뿪ˡ
˾ܰæԸ壬ͥҲܰæԸ壬ôֻ˼ԼԸˣĿǰòֻԼһڶԸ壬˶֪飡
ʲôʱҲΪһ˼Ӣˣ
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161 ɱĹ
Ů˸кŴعš
ʱҲ˽ˣֹūϴΪߴǴһﲻ˵һ͹֮⻹лСͷ
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һصĸӦֹܹ֪ͬ࣬ū취Ѱɱ˹ġ
ȥ׷Լͬ࿴Ǻ޳ܵ飬ֹūȴã˾ĺúõģ˭֪ͻȻĪķʲôսҪץȥԸɢˣܵ˹ԼŴżֵ˹ūΪľǱܿⳡս
ȻûܱܿⳡսҲԸԳ˼䣬˿Ҳǲӡ
ȻûʲôøУȴҲûҪ忪սҲв٣Ͼһս˫вٵ
ֹūָķ򣬸˽һȽϻĵطȻֹūøͣ
³ʱ㿴عѾһԺˣعƺڿƼ֮Ķų⣬ûгһ·ݸ˹
һɨ۵ĶһƬʲôӰӣֹū˹ȥ
ֹūһﻹҵ飬æǰ·عĸ˹ȥƺָԶһ档
ֹū߱ߵˣҵǵĻ׼δǣ
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ֹūЩйĻش˵Щ˼ΪĹҲᣬǱϾͬ壬ҲЩܲζ
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ɱ˹ĻѾˣعɫѿ˵ǶѾɵˣ
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˵űָɱ˹ĿڴֻĿڴһϸС˺ֻۣһѪ˲ӿ˳Ѿ˻ˡ
ǰĳղع˵Ļʱо±ԽӸ
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162 
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޾ĺڰУͻأıƾմһ磬Լٶ߳˹
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ⲿӰøȷǺˬˬˬӰӰڻŷӰĶʿǱ𾪵˵ˡ
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һߵţֹūʱ̲ס˸ȻһŵĶԸ˵СȷʶߵģСʶеĹ嶼ʶߣΪǹ壬ιϵĵڶӣҲǹеĻӣں֮ǰѾ뿪֮ˣҲ֪ȥû뵽Ȼ˼䣡
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163 
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ߣһһѶ̽Աһ޴ͭƣйⲨȻҲһ
мĵطڷһӣϰơƻһЩ¾Ƶʳһ˧ԴڴڵĺơƣʱʱĻﶪŻףȻĿԿ죬ȼŵĻѽƬضյõģڼϸղŷ飬ʵЩ졣
Ǳߣع̽ͷ۲ܵûиָһʱҲҲǰһĻˡ
ô㲻Ҫ𣿡
УǸֳŸ
תķɿ죬ʼջ벻һӦֳİ취ֱǰӦþ֮ǰǸߣΪʲôͻȻ˵ӣΪʲôͻȻһٶʼջЩ⡣
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˵ʵնԷʵΪԼԸ㶨ߣˣĿռڴ˿̻һͷϹأôô޵ĶأԼһع
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ȻʼղߵΪʲôͨ򵥵ĽѾ֪ǲԼֵģҴ֮ǰΪпжϳƺЩɱ˵Ĺ壬жʱϲǲΰ롣
ϲǰļһﲻǵˣҿƺܰﵽٵæ
ǵһһ壬˭֪ô᲻ֻΪԼɾأ˵Ÿı
ȻԷѾڳһȫ޺ģȻҲǲʧ
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⵹ǸԶɣµʵЩ˷˼òȫĴ㣡
ĽҰ⣬һһСƳСˣȻ̸Ź֮飬ô붼ǲģ
֪ڸĻΪǴԽիˣ



164 ϫ
ۿŸͻȻһڳһеģعʱЩɻûеõǾ
ŸһٶǹȴЦ
˵ĲˣһҽܰɣҽаϫԹ壬ǹĶӣǶϲΪߣ
ⷬ򵥵ĽܣøЩĿ࿴Ϊ߿϶һٵԼû뵽ԷȴǺĸԼʵݡ
νȻԷѾ˵ԼݣҲûıҪˡ
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򵥵˵ôһ䡣
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üͷ˵ԼͥݿҪܵģô׵ĸһ壿
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һ˿֮ɫЩ˵һҾĿǰΪֹѾˣò˿ԽµˣǵĵһҪȻȥƽõľƵԷⲻɾֳ϶ȥˣ
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167 ڼҷּ
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ǰȷ廹Ҫ˵æݺݵĵȷһۣʾϽ죬ǿɲʲô顣
䣬ȷٻЩµģҲǸæԹԱ죬ȻԹ˵ĳ
ŵ壬ֵܵȷʵģ
Ǵ˴ǰĿģΪץһֻܾ˵ƽеĳƬɽУסһֻѾõĺܾץܾĿĲΪʲôħΪֻܾ֣ܰû˹˵
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168 ܾ
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ǣȻôʦأҲ̫ˣǱ˵ĺˣҪǰ´ܻ֮ȥǻ취ץǸ

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۹ۣǾʲô˵뵽ʲô˵ʲôǺԳɺҪһۣ۵Ҳûóһۣ˵ֵģҲ˵ǽʬģ˵֮Ķ˭Ҳ˭
ųɺЩеĿ⣬ЩСͷǹԹԱͣһ˵ˣɵöûӰ
ʱҲδԣΪ뿴νĸ˵׻ʲô£
ȷΪɽ׶ΣڹڣǱǲ࣬ΪΪڽ𵤴ɽ׶εģ
ǰЩĬСͷɺҲֻ̾˿Ҳû̫ʧΪûЩСͷϱʲô̫ϣϣȫȷˣ
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ǴӶλ𣿹ȻӢ۳ģ
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λȻᣬȴһƣ֮ƹȻ鴫
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ɺȻ֪ȷĸˣȴǶûж˽⣬ʱλۣƽ˼ģ
ڵĻ¿϶Խˣ
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171 ν
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λɱĹôܸܲ˵˵ﵽʲôûпԶԸǵķӣ
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ȷ˵ͷű㽫֮ǰԼЩ˵˳
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Щɵ˵Ȼȷ䣬ǱϾӶˣûȷ֤ݣҲ׵
΢΢һЦȻָָߵĺϴȥ˵Ҫ֤ݾ
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172 
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173 ͷ­
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ʵ벻ף˵Щʲô˼Ϊʲô»һͷ­йء
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һʱ䣬칫һУ˵ĿⲻʱĻϺͳɺеǸԴǻţʱʱһ֮̾
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ųɺøץԴWOסԼ֣ĺܲζȻǰԴѾĺܸˣûʲô̲סֱġ
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ⷬ˵֮󣬵±һľ֣ʾԼҪʡ
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ָǰԴʵô˵˵ôôĶ

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174 
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ղǸʣð칫ջЩ˴˿Ҳûôˡ
ݣĿǰӦǿȷˣǸеĹ壬ҪôԸأϾո˵Ժ󻹻иĹ˼䣬ǵǰ׼С
˼Ҹ⣬ɺʵСϵܣȻô˽Щ壬ô֪֪Ҳûʲô㣿ϾԸɵһֻ
ΪεЦЦʵ֮ǰ˼Ĺһ嶼ɱˣǰͷ­ֻһѣ
ʲô˾ѵɵ𣿡
Ӣ۳ģ
ӹȻ


ЩСͷȻûʲô£ǿ˵ıµһģĸʱЩȻҪԭЩʵǰϫɱģûʲôϵ֮
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ţ˵Լ뷨ȻóɺԸɺߵһˢˢˢļ
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ĿǰЩסĵطʮƫԶģһֻҹʱŻᷢ𹥻ж˺ܴ鷳ԴҲ޿κΣϾЩľס֮Ҳǹ̶ģֻܵȵֹūǸӦ˵ˡ
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ȷʱҲѵ˸æ˵ı˳ȥ
СȥλˡɣȻſڵ侯ǵƭӸץģ

ȻҲЦѣʱ˱ĴЦȷǳɫæƿű˳ȥ
ҲЦҲΪˣȻǵΪȫԱ֮Ϊˣξ͵ǸһССĽѵɣϣܳԣ
ţЩ֮ǰСͷҲ½ˣͣȻҲ˼ɫѾ˸ͲҪЩһ֪Сͷˣ±˼ȥԼ뿪ĺÿ
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ߵߣεĶԸ˵ղҶԲ㣬˲С˹Ҫһʶ
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Сϵ˵öԣҪȫϵʱһС£÷ϣ
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СϵܣҺܺ棬㵽ʲôˣȻԴĹЩǴ֪ģ
ɺʵ
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ʵҲһͨ˶ѣֻΪһЩԵһλ£ŶĶһЩʦйأǲܸκ˹ʦŵһ飬Ȼһᱻʦץȥģ
⻰һڣɺæ˰ֵôСϵ㻹Ǳ˵ˣǧ˵Ҳ֪ˣ
ЦҪʱҪΪһ仰ʧȥǿսʦô̫ˣҳɺʵڸʵҲûȤ֮ԻҲֻǳںѣ
ΪһĿɷðķգ
ҲݸһЦȻ֪˵ĲʵΪԼܱ֪ܣǿġ
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һֱδҲʱվ˳ʾԼҲæһְæԸ塣
νĸָ֣Ȼȷĸ֣ϾҲ˼䣬˼ȻҲǲԹۣ
ٱ֮ʱɺ齫Լֻ뽻˸Ҹ߸κҪֻҪһ绰ƴǣұ֤ƽеľȫָж֮ӻʡľ;Ҳȫж
ı֤øһƮƮȻĸожʱҲǺɣһɹŴƣ
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ȴֻǰȷһۣδ˵ЩʲôΪ֪¹׻ǳԼֵϣ˳ʲôϵԲôǺ޸
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֣һߴӻóһָСһЩ˵̽ôͻȻˣѵǻˣ
ȷҡҡͷܰɣ̽ǰǰģû⣬ôͻȻأ
ν̽ʵһֵ̽ķһָ࣬汻ʩĳطÿֿʱ̽ᷢͬʱ̽ڵָҲָ򱻷ֵ֣
̽ڼҲһˣΪץܾõõŴ˳
Ǻö˶˵ģ̽ôͻȻأ
ѵ
һʱ˶Է뷨

ûץְܾƽо£Ÿô彻أû뵽ȴһֻԸˡ
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ţ˸æָ̽ķ׷˹ȥ
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жʱɵñһ֣ҵˣ
ŻͷһȴһԵȷһĿŮȥӰ
䲻ɵñü˵һɫôַˣ


176 ȷ
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ƽйֵͲ˵ˣҲΪһҴţű˼Ҹϳģһﻹһ²ļһﰡ
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177 վ
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ţǰ׼š
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пԻε֣ǿ󷨣ֻڿӥҿļﻹиܣ治֪Ժ˵׻ǺηʥȻڼҾҲûмأѵı˵ˣԺһλޣ
˼彻ԼȻΪȷŰҵģԼҲŲжΣ֮Ŀǰûȥˡ
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178 
ղŷһУСԺȴǺ֪飬عȻҲ׼¸߸
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179 һ
ںͰϫζԻУϫ͸©Ҫ͸˵˼Ǹʼû⵽ΪʲôȻҲǲҴӦ
ȻøĵľǰϫǷһֱڸԼԼߵǷѾΣ֮У
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180 Ѳ԰
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ʱ԰϶ҲǴڷ˼ϣʱȥ԰ǲ
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181 
ʦɨƽյϢȷʵˣ֤ԺҾԲٷĴˣһΰɣ
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ɨǲ֪ȴ֪ˣΪĴɻʱɨԺʾһϢžǹֵմְ֮顣
ʱ֪ԭ԰Ȼع͸ʿģֵմҲҪڼģ涨ʱʮһΣ˼ʱһһΡ
֮ǰֵմڵʱһֱɵĽţûгʲôԴֵմ֮󣬸һεֵմ˵ǴģеȨȴһû䣬Ѳ԰ȻҲ˸ϡ
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190 
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ⶫ϶Ǹ˭֪ȴǸıҸղǸͯӹķӦҲøЩͿһʱ䵹ǲ֪ôˣ
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191 ʥ
ۿ֮ǰһ֮ɫǷ׷ױɫĿⶼԼ˹ʱ֪˿̿϶ʲôˡ
ͥأͥΪҪĳһĺȻ֮ǲܳģôͻȻԼǺΣյĶ϶һ鷳ĶȻЩҲˡ
ţ֮ǰԼ˵ĽɫܲȻĶԼ˫ȭȻСɲμʥ
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ֻǰģһֻĸߴĺӣԼһߣϵƤëһϮɫĿǸһЩֻͷһϽڣһӻƽףŵһ˫ź˿ģһңģʮֵ䡣
ȻҪٸһЩͺˣΪǰλʥĿƺôãŸ˹˿ûӰ쵽˿̼飡
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⻰ƺкܶ˲ĵطղϸ˵ȻҲǲȥʣѾ˻ʥˣ飬˭أ
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192 ͵
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ֶֻңӾһµµҪĻǾǷ츲ˣ
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ɲΪԼа취ֹգΪ֮ƾǸϽ԰飬Ȼ԰ٳʲôҲûʲôϵˣ

⻰յǲЩ˵ﻹˣһôͥģ˵йѵ㻹ְͥ𣿡
ʱҲǲóȻȥˣֻôʥҵȷǷû֮ԻͥΪּеɨǣɨͥ
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Ĩһ˿Ц⣬˵Ҳ֮ǰȥ԰ʱ԰ҪҪľǲðȥ˵ʲôû԰ðȥ˼ǧǰ԰Ҳǰĵ̣СƺǿԽȥ԰ģβŰȥˣ
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ЦЦһˡ
ٴ̧ͷǰǲյӰЦҡҡͷ԰˹ȥֻûֵǣתһ̣һǲĽͻȻͷϡ
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ĴøЩ飬֪عʿҪ֪Լϴ͵ҵˣǻʲôӦ
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԰ſ࣬һɼ⿭ɷҫۣ֮ǰ͵ҵµ԰ǿ˲ٵĽ䱸
ţͻȻЩǵûĻ԰ƺҲӦһλģʥվְλ˵ԼӲ칤ģְλӦǱ԰ҪһЩŶԣΪʲôֻعʿӭ˳԰ȴǲӰأ
Ҫ֪Ȩֲ˼仹ͥǼΪ飬ʵЩԾ
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عǹĿ˸һۣű˵ͷֵմȷʵеģ
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ָǰ治Զ԰˵
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Щˡ


193 ԰
عĽУôһˣ
԰ְλһְȻţƵӣʵϲûɶãֵմ񶼲˲ֹһΣϾֵմƹܵĿͥ԰ֻǸ԰ѡ
԰ְλҲֵմεģֻĸĿûʲôʽ飬ɨҲûм¼֪Ҳ֮ˡ
Ȼֵմм԰ְ񣬵԰ְλǱֵմֵ࣬մ񶼲ϲ˱֮Ϊ԰԰еغʿǳƸΪֵմ
Ϊ԰ǼְԲҪÿǰѲ飬԰عͲٵʿһҲˣǰֵմҲֻʮйµļһ¶ѣȻԸĻÿ춼Ҳûµġ
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εҡҡͷŴͷ߽԰
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194 Ҳ
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ǰ԰ܽǹҵҵһ𣬵Ǳһ⾳
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196 
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Щ֣֪׷ʲô飬ͬʱΧĿҲһսζζȴϤˣ֮ǰϫյʬʱɢζζΪģҲ
ЩľӣŷԼ˿һ¹漴æһŽ¹߿˳
һͥʱҲõˣҲĸСʱˣ˼ĻʮСʱңѾǵڶˣɫѾӦ賿ҡ
߳¹һ˲䣬ʱ㱻ǰĳ𾪵ˣֻԼ˿ĵطȫһƬٻٺķ棬ȼŵľ޴ֹʬ壬гһɼΪŵζ
ͨ򵥵ıϣϳǰϫסĵط
ô£ΪʲôͻȻˣЩ޴ʬʲôѵҲǹ
ЩţŻͷһŷΨһõıԼղŲˣɨƺ׹ȻûԼʧ
ʱԶĵطͻȻһ춯Ļһ˻һ߻һߺ˹ȥһ֮󣬽ű㿴˻ѪİϫڸһȺ;޴Ĺﲫš
һȺ;޴ĹǸ֮ǰʬ壡
˵ղֻǲ²Ļô¸ȷˣںͰϫŵЩ޴϶Ҳǹһ֣
Ⱥͺܴ󣬶½ǲ˺ɫĳëէһмɣȴǷŴ˼ĺɣ֮ǰЩȫ֪ͬģ
ϫ֪ΪҲûбɹߣֻںͽⲫţǿӣѾЩ֧ˣ
ɨƺ׿ԱԼȴƶԼô˵϶ǰϫڹ֮ǰͽԼؽ¹ˣ
øЩŤ֪УԼǷ˰ϫһ飡
ȻϫٲҵԼ飬°ϫڶԿ壬Ϊ屣ߵĹȻǵĻӣһеһжøеɻһʱҲ֪δˣ
ʱԶڴŵİϫҲǺ˸ֻһȭһӭĹ֮󣬱ŸȵŸʲô˯ôãҲó˰ɣ
һڣ漴˲Ҳ˸˻ű˹
ȻȴǲĻӣԹԵĶ԰ϫҪҷŽӰǷҲ÷źðڻ¶ľˣ
ϫĶЦ˳ȴȻûǰⳡս
ֻ͵һԾԾһıϣȻø첲סԴסԴĹȻȻȴ˦ϫһ죬ǹĲ˲㱻ϫնˣһ㵹ڵϣⳡսʹ˽ˡ
ͬʱмֻϫΧȥϫʱ䶼ûоֿʼսͬʱ̲סŸ˵ʱ𣿲ľ͸ϿæСĵ㣬Ҫˣ
˵䣬ϫɵҲ˹ֻ˿Ѿʮ׵ľˣȴһеĻӣȫҲûжս̬İϫоһ
㵽ʲôѵ𣿡
ϫһȭǰĹ֮󣬱һŵĳŸ
ȻʵֻԼʱ򣬸Ѿ׼
ͻأıյĻһΪ˷ܵĵͺ
޿ռ˵һʮʺϾסĵطȴһʺĵطϹ޴Ǻս֮֮ǰʷҵԺͿĳˣ
޿Ǽöģ
Ȼ޷ųҲоһǵģһûˣ±ʲô˿ڰϫˣһҲˣҲҪˣսҪϿ˵شƫԶǿٻӣӦҲǾ춯ˣ²ǲ֮ͻ˹鿴ˣⳡսսپ
Щģ֮ǰ˵Ĺ˵ʵҰޣȻҰ޵ĻôҰԸɣ


205 VS
޵ͻȻ֣ȻҲĹע⣬ǺӲֹס˲ӣȻʼڲԶ
޷ϵ֮ϢǶϵɷǻǵһʱˣ
ûеõ޴˿ҲֻǶڸ󣬲ȻѾЩˣ
ۿֻ˹ȥȴû˿ķƬ̼бɱΣգϫҲǲЩżϻδ֪ܣ԰Լ˵Ļôһж׷ˣ
˭֪Ƭ֮䣬˲˸ת׼ɱĹȻӲͣȻһصĴ˸
ԣǿòǸǸѵʲô
ϫЩֵ뵽Ǿ̫Զ߲ãһʱҲǿףֱ˿̳ڸģ϶һ˲õĶҿӦڸģ
һﲢԼ򵥰
ϫԳЦЦȻұ˲ȼ˻棬һԾԾһֻǰֱĿڴ˹ȥ
˲㴩͸ǰţϫİֱҲ˲ûУѾĹһŵĿŰϫ
ϫΪֱ۳ʱкȻһѾս˵࣬صһ˲䣬Ǿ߱ĹʬҲ˲ȼ
ϫĿΧĹΪ壬ȴҪɱΪңϹԯιҪˣΪ˭ҿǹ߰
˵󣬰ϫŭ˲ȼһɻ棬ͬʱϵƤۿɼٶţȡ֮ıһȼյã
ɱ
ֳˣ
һɨֻǰƬУ˿̴ŻһȼŵĹʬ壬ѾΪɻҵĸǲ֪ж٣ϫ˿̻ʮֻĽ
ûĻϫһҹҲɱٶ壬սޱײˣ
ϫʼҲи޶ȣƺҲǿ쵽ˣȻܱɹߣϵĻû֮ǰôʢˣ
ƺܵ˰ϫĴ̼ǰҲ˲ЩŸ
޸ܵԶԷս±һ˻ʱҲˣǽⳡսʱˣ漴޵ޣϰɣ֪ΪϹ޵ɣ
䣬Զһ춯ûӦ㿴һѪ˹
ģȻ͵Ϯ
һ̱Ҫ߶ɨ뽫ķɣ˭֪ǧһ֮ʣǰһӰҪ͵ϮԼĹ塣
ޣ
⼸һĶԾ˲ҧ˹ĲӣȻֻ΢һ춯ǹĲ˲㱻ҧˣ
Ѿ̵Ĺµ˵ϣһ˹ȥ
ЩȻĸߴ󣬵Ǳǲ࣬޿Ϲޣɷʮ㣬һ˲嵽壡
ţһ˻˲˹ȥٶȼ죬廹ûôӦʱһ㱻޻˳ȥһǱֱҧԴ
ӲĹޱɱ
ͻһĻðϫ㵲ѣΪȻ䷢ֻ޾Ȼ˼䴫˵еޣȻⲻҪģҪĸȻֻ޵ˣ
⵽ô£
ɱֿ֮ʼѰһĿûãֻ屻޿еԴ
Ҳһļ£˵ǰ˵ʱֻԴģһҲǾϰѸˣȻԴôóԣ޶ֻǿ֮˳
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ΧŰϫĹһ㶣źƷһϫ޳˹ȥʮֻƺƵĽµضһ
ȻӴݺָҲһ㣬ȴ˺޷ֺޣֱͺһһĽǸײ˸䣬һҧ˲һû
м䵥Ĺ忴ƺǾޣҹȥ˹ҲһƣѵĿô۸
ó֣С»ǽԼСȥɣ
ǺǬֱ˳
ڸص˼ʱǬѾ˿Σ֮ˣҲǼ͵ҪʱǬһ򿪣ֹū˳
Ⱥ۵Ļ쵰ҲҼ˭͸Ҷֱ֣ǲҪˣ
һǬֹūʱ㳶ɤ


206 ˵ĵ˾
еһ˵õȮ죬Դ֪˸ݣֹūһּԺĸоƺԼҲӦøˣūʲôȫǶԼ裬ū࣡
Ǻһֹ֣ūЩΧĹǴҪ֪ڹ壬ū͵ĴڣƽʱЩ嶼õͷģֹūʱҲѵÇNɪһˣ
Уֹֻū;͹ͻǣǬտСŮϾֳҲòǣǳĻҲֻͽ鷳ˣ
Ȼĸߴ󣬵ȴô⣬ֹūȻûʲô£ԴȴǼΪʹȻҲΪūеϴˣҲǾˣ
ֹūָ£ЩһʱȻҲǽ˸ֻڲԶĵطţΨһҪҲǱһһץײ֮һĶˣ
ʱᵽӵһСܵĸоԼʲôֻҪվţһԸȥе鶼ᱻһСܸ׵ˣ
оǲ
еĹ嶼ת޻о˹ϫһʱ䵹˴ˣεЦЦ»˵ģϫŲǵ˹ȥ
ĳһõĵӣϫڸҲʱŷְϫƺ˺صˣŸҫĻ⣬ϫԭͲ԰׵Ӵ˿̸ǲҰײҰ׵ģͷϸðͷϸϵ·ҲõģµѪҲ֪ĻǱɱЩģ
˵ĵ˾ѣǰҲǵʱû⣬ȴɲˣ
Ҫ֪ϫһ˿ɱ˼ֻ尡ﲻԶĵط˿ܼĳˣҪ⼸ֻ嶼ȥ˳еĻôɵΣֱ޷ģʱֻ֪ж˻˶˻ˣ
ڰϫڸĵһָлˣ
û°ɣ
ߵİϫʵ
ϫҡҡͷֲ˲ͷϵĺЦЦãӦˣֻЩϧڵҲһˣЩź
ֻЦЦ˵
ϫʵߵĵȼ֣ΪʹõҲԼܣҪֵֵĻôϫҲз߽ڵˮƽ
ֻǿԼٶģܵĻϫʵ޷ģ
ԸڵΪˮƽǺͰϫĻôûκʤģȻҲһϾзһ˷ĻôⳡҲʧȥ˹ƽˡ
ĿǰҲǴˡ
ϫϻָָŲԶɱŹʵǲǾ˼䴫˵еޣ
΢΢һ㶵ôȻʶޣ
˼ľˣܶණҪȥ˽ģ˽ǵʷ˽ǵĻ˽ǵһУȻҲ񻰴˵
ϫ
ûǴ˵еˣ
ۼˣҲ޷ˣԱ󷽷ĳˡ
˼Ĵ˵ϹޣʳΪǧѾûгֹˣѾȫȫĳΪһ˵ˣû޴˼Ҳ㲻ףΪʲôһֻڴ˵еϹ޻һôĻҵĸоһģ
ϫ˵ţԳЦĿһ㵽˭
Ĭһᣬżشϫ⣬Ƭ֮ʵ֮ǰ˵Ҫҽˣ˵Ҫҵİô֪ǣҾܾĻ᲻ͨвҵļ˺ѶҴӦ
ᣡ
û˿ԥϫն³֡
ΪΪİȻĴ㣬飬ǲмȥģ
ϫȻﶼ˳ʱҲ̲סЦȻģΪѾÿΰϫˣ
˽ľѾ֪ƾԼһ֮Ǿ޷ֵֹģҪһѣϫĿǰΪؽҪѣ
˭ֻ˵㲻ŵģ
Űϫ˵Ѿڶ԰ϫԼˡ
˵˵
ϫ˸һ۵
ˣͬʱҲͥɣʹҿ˼ͥȥͥĻֻķʽǰȥͻȻԣͥһ飬һȥޣµҲûȷʵˣҴͥϴģҵݣ𣿡
˵⻰Цϫ˹ȥ


207 𾪵İϫ
ȻøǣԼش𣬰ϫȴֻЦҡҡͷȻһ䣺Ҳģ
ЦЦ֪ϫѾԼˣ漴㷴ӵҲһʧܰĳɱˣ
˵⻰˱ǲԼͬЦ
ϫߵľֹūһۣʱŵòᣬֹūҲû˸ղŵĵ֮ɫڰϫǿǴĵ׸е£
ϫʱҲȻֹ֪ūǸˣȻҲǲǳˡ
һĹΧ޵Ĺ㱻ɱĲˣɱ˵İ취ܼ򵥣ҪôֱӿеԷԴҪôֱԴϵǽԷǵĹǶ𲻵κεã⼸һ޵ɱϷˣ
Щ壬кһ˿Ϊ֪ԼҪٵһսһսʱûõĶˣ
ۿϾҪʣļֻɱʱ򣬰ϫ뵽ʲôæԸ˵ȵȣ¼Ժдã
Щ棬֪ЩʲôôǶڹ˽⣬ϫȻǱĸ࣬Ҳʣǵ˵ͷȻƿռｫϽ«˳
Ѫ֮Ͻ«ҪʹãϽ«ҪҲȥԷֻ֣ҪһձɵĽս«
ۿŸµȫսϽ«ϫ˿̵ԽЩռҲûУһֻһЩԶԶûие«ֻҪһձɽκս«ˣҪϽ«ԸĻָô죿
Ƭ֮󣬰ϫַ뷨ԸԼĻôԼѾˣʵȻʤ˸ǸɣĲ˵ͷϹޣѾԶԸ˵ˣ
ʱȴһƵѰղۿžҪеһԴʱǹȴǱսϽ«ҲˣòҵһЩֵĶȴתۼûˣʱҲǼΪɨ
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޺ֹūʱкһ˿˷ܵɫȻ˹ŵþֹūһ¡
ֹūŴҶµģӦòȥ˺ǣǵȵ˹ʱֹū֪Լ̫ˣ
޸ղɱӣǾĿͷͲסһҧ˿ﻹҴæдǬ˽ȥҲǽǬС
ۿūҲͻȻûӰ޶ʱǴʧܿ죬ͷڸߵİϫŰϫһ֮޵Ŀˮ˳
ɵñƤһȻû˵ЩʲôʱͻȻһ𣬰ϫ˲ֻ˹ߣ
ҰӦ»ģϹȴǳ⣬ϫĻ˺ֺǸȤ
һΣ˵òҵѿɲܾ޸ˣ漴æ˹ȥ޵һ˲䣬ޱ㱻սռ䣡
޵֮󣬸ϫ˹ȥ׼ǸȻתһ˲䣬ϫȴ͵Ծ˳ȥ
Ǹ𣿡
Щʵ
ϫֻĿЩӵĿ˸
ֻǼ򵥵ѣôͷ˲䲻ˣҪǱԼĻԼ᲻Ҳصĳֵĵط
Щ͹ˡ
ΪԼΣϫĴһűһ߹ʬ˹ȥֻǼ򵥵Ĵ֮ǹʬ˲ȼƬ֮㻯˷ɻҡ
ΣЩʬ岻ܱͨ࿴Ȼɺܴ鷳
ϫֵȼһʬ壬ȻԸ˵
ϫǰ󲻴ΪٶЩøɻ󣬲Ҳûô⣬Ϊϫ˵ĺܶԣЩʬ壬ȷʵǲͨ˿
Ѿɹߵİϫһɹŵζ̲סøüͷ
ϫҾӦúú̸һ̸ˣ
üͷ˵
ϫһֵȼһʬ壬һЩĻشԣǡûһˣ
Ϊʲô
Щֵʵź㿴ϫһᣬ˵ϣϵĻҲһ˲Ϩˣֻ˵ģ
ðɣ֪ˣ
̾һ˵⻹ǷˮתղԼˣǰϫˣǱͥϫȴΪ͸֧赹ˣ
ǰƬȼŵķ棬ʱǷѣ˵ЩƫԶôĶ϶Ҳ˲ˣԼϵĻôпܵ¾ͻ˹Χˡ
ﻹôʬûд꣬ҪǱ˿Ļǿ϶ǻɺܴĿֻţôأ
뵽ʲôæֻһ绰


208 ©֮
ȻҲгɺĵ绰룬Ǹһʱ뵽Ȼ绰ȻҲǴġ
ѾԼĿƷΧǾֻԼһˣ
ӵ绰ʱڴ˯ţһ绰Ǹģ˲һ룬ȵ˵ЩʱѾȫˣ
ʲôֳˣкüֻ
õϢĵһʱ䣬㲦ͨ˳ɺĵ绰룬绰ͷɺѱ𾪵Ըˣһ͹ͷöˣһ˼ֱֻҪ
æֳģȻγֵĹмֻǾݸ˵Щڶȫɱˣ㲻̫ˣ
˵ʲôѵһɱ˼ֻ𣿡
ɺԽӳԾ˵ɵһ壬һ⣬ϾҲһˣ˵ɵ壬ȻЩ𾪣ǿҲ⣬Ǵ˵еľأ
˵ɵ˼ֻ壬δЩ̫˰ɣֱ鰡
ѵ
ڳɺޱ𾪵ʱִ˹
Ҳ˵Ǹ˵Щ嶼ɱģǱһЩ˸ɵģ⵽Ǽ٣ôֻԼ֪ˣˣ˵ȻѾɱˣǹʬһʱȴҲ޷ȫٻ٣µ»˿Щʬ壬Ӷ𲻱Ҫ鷳Ŵ绰ϣǿԵһЩֹȥæ
ţйڹ飬ζܱ֪Ȼܴ鷳ģϿȥ첻Ǵӱĵطһ𣿰һҲϣ֪ԺǽҪٵʲôˣ
ɺɫ
İɣϾȥ
Ҷ˵绰ҲûϴľȥˣɺҲʶ¼ԣȻһӲ̰
ûãԶԶı㿴һӾʻ˹ŵģȻһʿľóһȻһˣ϶ǱŻǹһģ
аǺôƣȻİѾӶˣҲãԼߵܹԽԽǿˣ
һгھЩʱͣϵҲǷ׷˳һԵȺˡ
ʱѾŸЩʿǽһ飬ǵ¼κζҪȣǰʱ˰ڣǱ𾪵˵ˣ
һƬҵķ棬Ĺʬȼţ̱ǶֶĵζƬطŨ̽Ƭһ˿־֮أֱǵĳ
һʱ䣬˶סˣЩþɳϾϱ̲סһЩľһЩ±ǲ㱻ŵ̱ڵˣ
Ҳǣ֮ԿԵȻһУȫΪѾ˱˽ܵ飬ɨһļ䣬ЩУǰҵĸʤȻǲ̫ķӦˣ
Щ˲һУ󲿷ֶƽһο壬һο˵жڵĹеѹҲǿ֪ˣҪһЩʱʵ
˸ʱҲǺܹصıͣʲô»ǵЩ˻ع˵ɣ
֨֨
˭֪ʱԶķȴǴһ΢춯ͬʱǴҲǶ
ˣ
͵һæͷ˺뿪ﻹлŵĹ壡졭
û˵꣬Ǵһӱ˿ȻһëĹԾ˳
˵ֻ϶Ϊݵʱ沢һ˹ȥŶ޺Ͱϫˣ㼱͵˳
жʱЩɵһֻ˵ʲô£ôˣҲʹκηҲܷųޣôһЩ鷳ˣ
ڵΪͷкܴȴֵܵĹ׸ôأ
ڸżޱȵʱЩʿҲһӱļΪ
飡
ǹ˲𣬵Ǵ򵽹ϵӵȻ뺣һ޶ǹΪ
𣡡
һŭ𣬱ŭĹ˱˹ȥ
ǹɱĹҲǸΪ


209 
ۿŹ˷˽һʧģ鼱֮¸бӿһɺǿʱ˵ĿҲǱֻŭĹ˹ȥûκע⵽ľٶ
һ֮жʱ˸Уһɨ㿴ǰԶĵطһ߹ʬ壡
û˿ԥǾʬ屼˹ȥһŲϹʬ֮󣬸Ŵ˶ȥĹȵιߣ
һʮ㣬±ǱŭѵĹعͷһ˫Ŀ㶢˸ϡ
ʱҲĪӿһɺ
ϫһϿԸɵֻ壬ѵһֻҲɲ𣿲÷ΣΣһԼһʲôһ嶼ɱôôܽҵ磿
ţҲǶ˼ֺ飬漴ֶǹȵιΪ˱ĻôҰɣ
˵⻰ʱ򣬸ڵ칦Ҳһ˲ת˿ʱ
ŭĹȻվҲûʧȥǣǰ˲ҿƺҲǺǿ϶һֵĶ֣ǲԶЩҵ˾ͲһˣǺܺԼϳ˿־ζ
յȷζҪɱϫʵڲɱϫô;ܵ˼ֻţϫҲˣôֻѡɵڶˣ
ֻҪܹɱ㹻࣬ô϶ǻ˼ֻŵģ
ţ㲻ȥǶԼսĸˣԶȺʧ˹ȥ
ۿֻȻԼƣ˹ȥжʱһǽһµĹʬ壬ȴЦ
ǶԲˣԴһðɣ
˵ţе֮бǹԴ˹ȥ֮кûö㽫ǹԴ
˵Щܲ˵սǲ˵ģ
ι
һȣ㽫еĹԴֻǰȥĹ˹ȥһӲƫУҵֻԴϣ
ǹ屾ǲ׼ȥģû뵽ǣģһԲĶ
һСģ㱻ԲĶҵԴ
һŭҲϸԲĵʲôص˲һȥʱ㽫Ƕҵϡˣ
ЦɵƯϲղһŹԴ
ǹȻһæͷ˹ȥ۵ģȻһѾĵϡõĹԴ۾Խ˳ޱȣ
𡭡
Ÿƣǹ̲ס˻ĿҲԽ׺һִ̣ŻǱеķŭˣ
ƺŲߵһ߹ʬԣȻŲʬǹ˵ôţѵһŻҪҪڸһţ
𣡡
ٴεƣǹ峹ʧȥǣű˹
ĺãһΪҪٿԴأ
һ˲䣬Ҳǰڿƣǹ˹ȥ
֮ߵһȫµľ磬ΪľܺǿķͬǿҲǲͬģ
Ȫˮæžڹ칦ɲɹԼɵĸǿȣȽߵǿȣ
ٱʱ򣬸˲Լϵı仯вҲЩԾԼʲôʱôǿˣ
ԼǿֻΪ˽֣ƽʱҲһʧȥ˶ֵĥԼѾǿˣ
ԼĹ壬ɵñЦ
ûݣûз޵İԸɵ㣡
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212 СŮϣ
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˿ֵ㣬ʳڶ࣬ҲǵһһӼôෲˣ±Щʺæ÷Աȥһᡣ
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֪ĺҲʮֵĺ棬ɫ֪ڲµʱҲǹԹԱ͡
ܿ죬ֵʱ֣ѩҪؼˣϾҪѧϴҲǽӵ˼ĵ绰ϽȥϾѾڸסˣĬǹϵķʱҲЩҲסˡ
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ȻʱǱȴһܴ鷳
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219 ޳֮ͽ
ȷһ·βΪľһץǰŮ
֮ǰһֱˣܴܲĵܹȥ׽ҸҲһֱŮߣҲЩ֣Ȼ¸ȴϸеǸ޸֡
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220 ͻȻĵ
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ӹӣҪԼµСǺͰϫµСǿɾͲˣҸڰϫԾģ󼸸ķӦҲ⣬漴ߵǰǰСǰ˰ֵѣǵˣ°ɣ
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ǿŰϫ񣬼ջǽԵıˣϫǵѣͬʱǵˣҲǲΥģ
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221 ޳ܵĶ
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ⲻܰмΪôܻʩôĽ磿ҲֻҪΪͿԵģҪΪķǸոߵСӼûһϵİ
ʮֵĺ棬żһģû뵽ʱȷʹ绰Լ׽һֻСԺŮȻǳԾæô׽ġ
ȷһٺ˵˵ʲôԼ˸ŰŮ׽סˣȻвţŮȴǵĵȷȷǰͬʱֵȻŮˣ
ȷһ£ȻǵǸոߵСӣڿոߵǸСҲûжµġ
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˲ϼûˣæһͦԾųӷĺڰд˭˭͵Ϯǣ
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漴æһСһֽȻһֻ˹ȥ
еЩֽķֽÿҵӶЯһЩҲûʲôãû뵽ʱȴ˴ó
ֹūȻʶЩֽǿǸӣҲҪǱ˵Ļ϶ܣ漴æһˣ
ֻūѸ˿ȥȻֹūû뵽ǣǷֽȻûڵϣǼ߷˹
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һŷֽھϣ̴һ磬ǾȻ϶㿪Ľֻū
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ֽʧʱֹūֻ̱ū˾ϣʼϵĻ磬Ϊϴ󣬿СΪ˱Լˣֹū±ۺ


228 ȷ
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һĻպñڶǮСȷ忴ȷ嵱±ŭһ߶ǮСһ߳ŸСӣڸʲôϿǸŮҷǿץģ
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229 ֻһ
ȷҲûм˵еһز֮ٶȶߣпܻ쵽޷ĵزǸղչֳҲδЩ̫ڷ˼˰ɣ
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һղȷпܶԹµЩ飬жʱȼһŭô׷뿪䵹ˣץжӦûμӣ뿪Ҳû£ȷ壬ȴܾô뿪ˡ
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230 ڰеĹ
ղŵ飬ҲĿȻδŮ֮£ҲȫȻ֪ȷԼ߿ʼ·ʱ֪ȷʲôˣ
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ȷһʱ仹ûôӦлôеģǽȴͻȻǶԡȻգһ£ͬʱһּΪȳճҺϷԶ䵽ϡ
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ҿǹƺܶ

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ܳһ˲䣬ȷһ˵£ȸסˣȻһֵĺ
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޴ԽԽǹҲǾԼԽԽ̲סȫʱ򣬸ȴǺǰһȻǺڰеĹȵͣ
޴ȻֹΧҲ𽥻ָƽȴҲ޷ƽˣΪѿԶĺڰУһԡڶԼ
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ȻһЦղŸľٶ֤˿̴ڲԶڰ֮еĹ϶Ҳˣûд뿪ֻŪǶѣ
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ѵ䵱Ҫɥڴ
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һЦԸ˵ɣɱҰɣ
ҡҡͷŲţʵҸûɱ㣬ղѡ뿪ĻҲǲģҪɱģֻȷѣ
˵ţֱָȷ壬һ˲䣬֮ҲǺ˸У
һ⻰ȷʱʱǱ˸֣лߵʦ֡ʦҪȾҰұ֤Ժʲôģ
ȻµֻЩʲôȷ֮ǰ˵ǰ㣬һһûҪ
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231 ⣬
ҪҶȻҿɲܱ֤úûţ
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ֻһ˲䣬ȷԼͻȻץ˸գٴ̧ͷʱ򣬱㿴ǰﻹӰȡ֮ı֮ǰ׷ԼĹȻԼץֻŮǴ˿̽һߺ޵ĶԼ
е֮еݸ˹˵ˣôҶ㣡
ȷһ⻰֪ԼȫǰŮˣҲ˲˵ʲôͷлߵҴˣҲץ㣬Ҳô⣬һ쵰޳ܡŹҰɣ´Ҳˣ
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֪Լ֮ȷʱҲǺƽȻ֪Լ֮δΪ𣬵Թ޵ĶŸ˵㿴Űɣûô׽ģɱңҵļǲùģɱ㣬Ҳٵ˵
в𣿡΢΢һЦȷ˵ʵ˵вҶûκõģΪҵκ˿ԻٵģȻ㶼˵ˣôҵǲ֮ȥٵļ壬ģҲɱǣֻǻٵǵ
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ǽ֮еݸ˸ŵ˵ɱɺܶ಻Ҫ鷳Ҳ
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ԼµûȷѾһˣҲ֪жŮĶֻ֣ǽħĻȻҲûʲô˵ʵƺô£
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ȥȷʱ㿴ѾѪģˣȻûѾǳ׷ϵˡ


232 죬ܹҪģ
һĻǵǿĸһԶֹūҲʶס
һ̫ˣһ˵ֱɱҪܣ
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Ź΢΢һЦȻſ˹ȥڼ䣬ʼնһվ붯ҶΪǺڰеĹʼնڶԼʱʱĻһʿˮ
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һĿǰ뵽Լղŵ⣬Ѿȫõ˴𸴡
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֪ͥɭϣȻΪԪ˧ȴҲǲΥģ֮֮ȥ£
˵ű㽫һŵݸ˸
̾˿˵ʦȻǳЩԣǶ϶ȴԺ϶ǻǳʲô鷳ġ
ʦֶô˵ˣԼҪǲӦĻδҲЩ̫ˣһŵ¶Ҳûʲô鷳ġ
ţ㽫Ž˹лԪ˧Сɿ԰ͣ϶᲻ῴôСɿɾͲұ֤˰
ûû£ۿŸŽ˹ȥʱһϲƺʲôæԸ˵ŵʱǧǵãҪֻӸˣȻɾ鷳ˣ
ӣ֣ÿôأѵܳԵ
Цŵ˵ͷȴȫҲû⡣
ڸԪ˧վǰ˵ŻʱڵһߣĹȴǺһ
һӣֵĸ߹Ǳۼһ칫ǵǰǷһźԺƬ
Ƭıƺϣ˿ȴСڵ㣬ϸ֮£Էƺһ
λʷķˣ֤ȷʵ˴ڵģ
һ𷢱۵˸˵ĺ
ûʵܾ֮ǰǾϷһӰĶǸһֱǹ̶ģҲȷǾڸղţһϣһվһڼȷӦþˣҲνˣ
һָƬϵĺڵ㿪ʼ˽
ôΪЩ˵Ϊ˸ʲôأ
ʵ
ݵĳĬ֮һòܵĹͷվ˵ݳжϣΪЩӦΪ˴ݻӶ򣡡
⻰һڣλ±Щ
ҲףЩҪĻôΪʲôֱӵأֱӻͺ˰ΪʲôҪһٵȥٵأ
ʵ
Ҳ֮ǰĹͷˣ⻰֮һʱҲǲ֪ôشˡ
ǰЩӵлôΪʲôǲֱӻٵأѵԼ´ˣ
Լ´ģЩһģԼҪϿ׼У
뵽һ͵Ŀǰ˵ĸλڿʼǽһ䱸ټػˣ
ػˣģĴڵһΪֻǴ˵ѣ
ڵĻһǻûµģ
ǵĳӢҪˣ

ͬʱΪ˹ĸԪ˧ȴǲ֪ԼȻ˼ôһ¼Ҳ֪ԼͻȻһӾͱᱻΪҪˣ
֪֪ԺֻʲôӦأ
Ҳٵȥˣ֮Ԫ˧ǣʱԪ˧ȴֽ
΢΢һ㶵ôˣʲô𣿡
ЦҡҡͷȻ̯ģֻ˲һƣƵȴǱɨƶˣϻӡһˮ֣
ӵͨƣбˮֺãԺʲô鷳ôǰңֻҪܰﵽģһԹۣ
Ԫ˧ư˵
жʱһϲæ˹ȥˮֺԼòԪ˧ͥǺܺõģƣԺЩҲǼΪʹġ
ıô׷Ź


239 շϣ
ǰ˴ĿľΪ˽е͸϶𣬵ǰ棬һʱҲǲҽȥһҲﵢ죬ʱ˸İæȻҲķ뿪ˣϾӵʮˮڵأ
֮ʱŵʱĪҪÿˣȻǻ鷳ֻǿͷϴӦˣʵѹûôϡ
һֻʲô鷳ģ
Ԫ˧֮󣬸Żعͷֶǰ
֮󣬱ǹ㺮ڵĵطˣһ뵽ԼҪǴ˵е϶ˣжʱһ󼤶
϶㣬ˣ
һ֮󣬸Ŵ˹ȥ
ֻڵϵʱ򣬸㷢ʵ˼Щѧ˵һƬ֮أ෴ģֱһƬԴ
£һƬ̵ĲݵأһֱӵĿ⾡ͷԶĵطһԴԽвֵʻţԶŵһ㣬ԶһЩĵطһСӣܱ߾ɫĳһɫ˿
вٵĻСޣҶǲ˵ģǰȥмֻС޻ɵĸ
ʼջǾ̫ЩͥȻЩطҲ˾סһɺȻ˾аȴֻܸо塣
ԼûǴĻټĹ㺮Ҳֻ϶һ˾סģҲѹֻˡ

̾˿㺮ڵķ˹ȥ
˼Զĵطһֵüͷ̱Ϊƺڿ
˹ˣϾȻ˿
ȵȡϿ⡭շ
ʱԴһĹҲֻ϶°շ𰡣
ô˵Ǹڿ˾Ǵ˵еˣ
ܵǾҲǹŽһˣУȻ˵Ļһȥǣ
ţæ˹ȥûã㿴ԶĵطͻȻٳһƬյأյɾ޴ʯש̾Ͷɣǿյصһøߴɵľ޴˿һӣŴũ꺺ĻӶϵİ師һһǹȥ
˵þ޴ĹȻǴ˵еĲˣǸڿȻˣ
һģҲǲô˱ĵ˹ȥ
߽ЩʱֿһΪֵľ
ÿһ師ȥܽһĸۣһƬĲ֫ĶǹϵҶҲǻ١
ǵٴξӵʱ֮ǰĸȴ˲ˣȴǻȻٴȥ
ղһһȥֳһۣǵٴξӵʱǹϵĸȴˣȻǻȻĿȥ
˵ȻģⲻȻԶɿģôΪʲôջҪôȥأ
շĹҲİ汾һģֶΪմΪĳͷ۱ĿǽԶ뿪ϣⲻôܿĵأ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
аֹ˼䣬źһ㶣ΪǸղŻڶĿͻȻͣŸæ̧ͷһ㿴ԶһĶԼ
ϣ˼ҸˣǹȥкɣϾҲһˣ
첽ǰ˹ȥȻЦû´ģӦþհɣ
һʶǰŴˣȴֱӱгԼ֣к֡
Դǧǰ¹㿪ʼֹķһǼǧ꣬¹ĵطҲȥˣ¹ֻϲκεĹͨȻǲ֪ԼĹ²ͥ˼䶼Ѿ˾֪ˣ
ԥһ֮ձΪĿŸʵʶΪʲôҲʶ㣡
ЦЦǵʶ㣬ǴҲϵģ㲻ʶҲΪҸͥûã¹ǵһҽܰɣҽи˼䣬ֵͥմ԰ְλ
ҽܵʱ򣬸˸ۣԼСɨǵݸȥˣϾʵ̫ˣҲû£ſã
һҽ֮ͻȻЩϲָæǰһ˵ĻӶеĸͷ˵˵Է䣬ԲԸҽĹ°
ƺЩ̫ڼˣеİ師Ҳǿҵüβ㶼˸ıӣŵĸ̱æ˵磬磡лú˵ܲȰĸͷ£Ҳ̫˰


240 շ£
һ㶣˲ַӦ˹æͷ±䣬һǸĶԸ˵Сֵܣǲ˼ˣֻһʱЩˣ
ûû£ֻҪѸͷ˾ͺã
Щµ˵ղǼ師ʵ̫ôˣıǼɹȥģҪԼӦĻû׼ڶˡ
Сֵܣ̸ɣôˣҼĵڶˣ
˵űڲ
룬ⶼѾˣɨ㺮Ĳ»Ҳûϵ˵ˣԼҲЩҪգҲͲƴǣ
ձ㼫Ϊ˷ܵĿŸʵСֵܣϦǺꣿ
Ҳش2015꣡
2015ꣿ
Щɻ߶ƺȫ㲻⵽ʲô˼ŹֲڵǸʱݵģǸݵʱʵ۵ĳƺġ
ȻҲ˱ʵգʲôʱͥģ
֮˵ʲôʱҲǲˣҼǵõʱĻʵۺ
ݹۻĵʷĻʵۺҲֻƳˣҲ˵ӦƳˣʱ䣬ӦҲһǧٶˣ
뵽˵ͥʱƳƳѲڣû´ĻͥѾһǧٶˣڣҲһǧˣ
һǧꡭһǧꡭ
ĬĬ߶仰Ȼǲ֪Ѿȥһǧٶ꣬ڴ˷ʱ˵ûκģԼҲûа취ȥ¼ʱ䣡
߶˼䣬պֿСֵܣûȤҵĹ£
һ⻰ʱ˾ʵԭҲǴҪʵģȻҪ˵ôպҲ⣬˸æ˵ͷ
տŹȻĿԶĽԼĹ¡
˵ܾ֮ǰһĵطһܴߣⳡڣ̱֮һ˵Ǽñ˸ְ취ҲЧֻܵȴ١
ʱĹҰɽ£һСӣգĸҲܵߵĸȾһʱҲԴȻ֪һҩ޷ҽߣջÿȥɽҩȻʹøְ취ĸס
쿪ۣһ죬ι׼ϻ죬;˵صʱǡÿͱϲҩܸжθա
գ¹һŽľصҲƹһֽɫСĻˮȵĻߡ
յʱǿգΪֻһ鷲ˣȥ¹
ǹָҰɽÿʮʱ򣬱һֱͨ¹ʱԵȥ¹ժ𻨡
պǰʮвĹǰʮˣҹ˵ĵطڹҰɽҪﵽҪߵߴңҪҹ
ûôʱ䣬ΪͨϵֻڰʮһԲʱ֣Ǵʱ䣬ô޷ˣҲûȥժˣʱĸԼеߵ˶ȥ
û˰취ĸ׺޶֮ţԲȲ߲ݣڰʮһ˹Ұɽ¹С
µʱǹƮʱڣѭζҵ˴˵еĹǰĹȻҲǼΪˣΪֻҪЩ𻨴˼Ļôĸ׻Щߵ˱㶼оˣ
ǵմŲժĹݱߵʱȴɵֻۣǸղŻڵȴǺʧˣԭֻܴһϣѾǵڶˣ
н֣ûԼôȥŸôȥЩ𻨴˼䡣
Ҳʱ뵽һ취ֱվϱ㽫еĹ𻨶ȥùֱƮ˼䣬еߵ˱㶼оˣ
Ȼϣ𻨷׷Ʈ䵽˹ҰɽµһСУǺˮȾ˽ɫζ˱ǣ˼ˮϵ߱㲻ζˣ
վԼĸ׺еߵˣȴȲԼûݣ㱻¹У޷»ص˼䡣
ʱ͵ժ𻨵ҲǱ֪ˣ۴Ϊŭ֮½֮£ҲУ㷣Ͽǿ֮ǰ͵ժ˹𻨵Ĳ
ҲһߴɣҶɻƽɣΪôױģ
濳ϣ۱ֹͶͷա
ûʱĸҲ֪ȥ˶ãֱǰ֪Ѿȥһǧˣ
ս˹£ȴǺԴ۶ǹϽɫҶ
ԼɣҶɻƽɡ
ողŵĻڶ
ĶЩˡ
ǲֱһҡǮ
Уҵ취ߣ


241 ƽҶ
˵Ĺ£ʵڸǴںܶ©ģȲ˵˼䵽ûпͨ¹еݣǴϰѹ˼ĺЩʵʣʱдͨ߰أ
ЩҲֻǵһĴ˵ˡ
֪ǰòҶȻǻƽ֮󣬸ʱ˽ߵͷ
üһҪǴ˼ĻһɶҲøˣֱҡͺˣⲻϵҶҲǿģ
˭֪յһ仰ȴøͷ
յľˣҲԭⲻʵֹһѣΨһһΪڣϵľŵ
Ҫûⲻأ
һ䡣
ЦЦûⲻôϵֲȥֲȥ֮Ҳ޷ȥģˣ𣿡
˵źЩ
ûû£Ҿʶѣ
æ˰˵ȴЩʧⲻڲˡ
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ܱߣԲʮ׵ĵ϶ɢЩƽҶ
̿ˮȻˣôǴЩƷˣҲûɶòǣ
ţʵգ飬ϵҶ㻹Ҫô
Ҷ
΢΢һ㶣ҲּһƬɫҶ˲Ц˼䣬ЩȻǻõģϣЩҶȴûκôˣ
ǼȻǶûõĻܲܰЩҶ͸Ұ
һĵʵҪ֪ЩҶǿɶǻƽ𰡣ҿǴȺܸߵĻƽɢҶҲиʮҪǻɳƱĻǿҲһʲٵǮˣ
˷ѿɳܵ뷨Щһڵء
ȻˣյϵҶҪȥɨģȻҪĻôȫˣ֮ǰٽҶҲһˣ
ٽƽҶǶǮ
ֱҪֿ˻ŸæյлȻֻմһӸǰһѽɫҶɢڵϵĻƽҶҲһ˲ӿ˹Ƭ֮еĻƽҶۼ˸ǰ
һʮĻƽҶҫ۵ĹâĸЩˡ
˵㽫ǰѻƽҶյɨ
ʱֵСֵܣ˵Ǵӷģѵ˼֮ͥ𣿡
ûͷҵְλҪһֱͥƽʱһ㶼Ǵ˼ģֻͥʱŻͥ
ô˵պɫһϲȴЩԥ
ĺ棬ʵôˣ
΢ЩһЦ˵ʵҲûʲô£̫ͥˣЩ˼ˣ֪һû
յ
Щ棬ʵգ˼ǣϵʱѾڼȢˣ
ûյ˵ͷЩ˵˵ûϵʱڼȷʵ޶ģұΪһܿžۣû뵽һգ۱һǧȥˣҲ֪˼仹ûҵĺˣ
գӦöʮĽģΪ˼ĳЩطǱΪ¹˵ģȻįȴΪ˶Ϊɣ
վˣǳڴ壬˽¹ժ𻨣ȴΥʱҲ֪۷𵽵Ƕĳͷǽˡ
յӣ֪һΪǶĳͷˣ
̾˿Ŷ˵Ҳ̫ˣһص˼֮һȥһģ˼϶к˵ģ
𣿡
ɫʱһϲΪ˷ܵĿŸ˵
ֵͥմ񣬶Լֻһ۴ȻҲҪøæ¸ӦһֱҲû˵ڣʱۿŸȻӦˣ±
Ц˵ĺˣһص˼Ϳʼ飬һϢҾ㣡
տЦĸļ˵СֵܣǰһæߣΪлл㣬ȥĹ𻨾ƣҿڣ𻨾ƣҲǼΪϲģ
ҲϲĹ𻨾ƣôҿ϶úúóˣ
ЦŴӦţֺԼɨ㺮İѾôˣʵڲڵȥˣ
գǲ˼ҽ컹ʱǲȾˣæһģ
Щ˼˵
ʲô񣿡
պʵ
Ǵɨ㺮
Ц˵
˭֪⻰һڣյɫһ䣬һĶԸ˵Сֵܣȥ㺮ʱǧҪСֻӣ


242 Сֻ
Сֻӣ
ѾǵڶɶԼ˵Ļˣֻ߸Ļô⣬ȴҲô˵ˣɲøˣΪտ¹еĳפ¹˽ҪĶˣ
ΪʲôǶԼҪСأνȻ϶ˣһֻССõʲôͣ˼ɻ䣿
ţ̲סʵգ⵽ô°ΪʲôǶҪСֻӣѵֻʲôõ𣿡
ڸһֻӼûʲôģҲǿпׯڴʲôģ仹йڡõҩĴ˵ǰҲӽȥҲûɶµİ
ȴЩ֧֧ľǲ˵ֻǸȥ㺮ʱǧҪСһЩȥֻӣ֮ϳŸȾƣ
ģеЩɻ䣬ֻӿ϶ǲöԸģ㺮ֲܲȥֻǸգȻСĵ㺮ڵĵطȥˡ
ûãԶһ޴ָûʵĹ˸ǰ
㺮󸹬ͥΪ϶һΪഫһԵܻûɣԹ㺮ֳ󸹬
㺮һȺڻĵĹʹһ㣬ǹͲȴǱһ
㺮Ⱥһ㺮ݣݡٻݣ̨̨ͤͤͤͤȸ̨׻̨̨̫͵Ļ
Щ̨ͤвͬĹã˵ڹȺм仹һ԰֣мһ̳̳
̳һʱݵԺĺ̫ͥþɽϺɽ硣
⻹һһأкܶ฽ʩ
֮ܶ㺮һͨĹһ豸ȫԴ
̫ЩҲǣһסôĹܲô
˹㺮Զı㿴һԼĪʮСվſ˹Сﴩһѩ׵ƤȺҪСһЩҲһЩΪСͥԵˡ
ʵøЩ֣Ϊû뵽㺮϶бˣ
ǰԶǸСȴǺ
վס
վסˣһЦʵСã϶ڼ𣿡
СɻĿ˸ۣҲش⣬ʵʲôˣ㺮ʲô
Ǻֻҽܡ
εֵմ񣬷ǰɨ㺮ģ
ֵմ񣿡СЩɻ˵ɨĲɨôôȴҪֵմˣ
һʱֵֵֻմֻǼְҲѾɨǵְλʵҾɨǣ
ţ˵ʼǸоЩֵֹģ
ɨǣ
СɵĴ˸һת˹㺮лɣ
˿Ÿæȥ
ĿʼղͣĴɨߣΨǸնΪɻͻȻ֡
ûԼȻһôһֻӵĳ֣ϸ룬ЩЦ
Сǰ·Ҳֻһ·棬㺮ľҲǱ
Ȼ̫ˣ
ΣˣҪľǰ̳ɨɾ
Ҳ֪˶ãСڰѸһ԰һ԰֣ͨĽ˵ȻǴ˵е̳
æŴɨСʵСã㡭
˭֪û˵꣬СһۣȻĻ
Сãҽ

΢΢һ㶣ֻعǺðɣҾͽˣ
дҲе𣿡
û˵꣬ȴǺ˻ŭĿŸ˵
¸ЩˣֻñⲻղŸ˵𣿡
˵ҽҿû˵Խѽ
üͷŭĿŸ˵
¿ˣǰСѾͷʵ̫᲻ˣֲܲʣΪʦ黹ûأ϶𵽵Ȼٽʦֵ齻
̬һЦĿŭ˵úúãҲֻ֣롭
ʲô㲻ҵ֣ѵҵֺ𣿡
Ļٴαˣ
¿޻˵ˣ̾˿֮󣬱һԵʯ
Ȼƺûдʹ˷Ź׷ʵ㻹ûشҵأΪʲôҵ֣ѵҵֺ𣿡
ͷ۵ͷȻε˵Уⲻ㲻ҽе𣿡
𣿡ɻ룬üͷһ壬ֺ𣿡
ûУҾúܺĺܺ
Щ˵
᲻Ѿͷû˵Щʲôˣ


243 
˭һ⻰ȴǺֱļΪæڸȻ˫ֳСһЦ˵ľֺ𣿡

⻭òе㲻԰ôղŻһŭģͻȻֱˣ
ҲãҲʳ϶ˡ
뵽ֿڵšǡʲô
ͻȻ䵹ǲ֪ôƺǰСѾͷˡ

Ц˵
ôĻô㲻ղô˰ɣ
ʵ
ЦҡҡСԴֵ᲻ᣡ
ⳡʵЩ̫ˣ˼Ƭ֮ſڵ
ȻûˣǳŸգգ۾
˿ʳԼ⡣
֪϶𣿡
϶ʲô
һʵ
ʦָ϶飬˵ʵһε飬Ȼǲʵˣֻ˵ûʲôǰ˼ʱ˵϶ӣ
ף˼䣿˵⻰ʲô˼ѵǴ˼𣿾ͺһ
ô˵˲ļΪ
ʱҲԼƺûʽҽأ˱æ˵ͷȻ˵ûҾּӷеɨǣҽи
ĬĬ߶˼֣ȴһЦȻǴ˼ģôܸܲҽ˼Ĺ°
΢΢һЦû⣬֮ǰ㻹ȸ϶ɣ
Ĳɣ϶ЩʱͱŮȥˣΪʲôҾͲ֪ˣ˵⻰һеĴߴٸ˺ˣҽ˼ɣ
˵жЩʧû뵽϶ӾȻڹ㺮ôʦֽǰ첻ˣ
ǽţһǰȴһ֣ȻʦԼΪţôԼҲ˰æڴ֮ǰȸùϵУ
ǺҲżɨ̳ˣǿʼ˼һЩȤ顣
ͺȥ˼䣬Ҳûȥ˼䣬ټϸĿڲҲ̫ãûã㱻е˼סˡ
ȵʱʧ̾˿ϧˣȥ˼䣬㺮ֻҺ϶㣬ʵ̫ˣҪҲȥ˼ͺˣ
ôأЦ˵㺮ɲֹ϶Ӱǻһֻ𣿡
⻰һڣһ£ȻһȵĿ˸
ȴȻѹһЩȻСʵ£֪֪õ׳ʲôӰ
һתȴЦҲش⣬ʵӦóʲôӰ
⻰ʵЩ֣Ҳûô⣬ĴһܣȷһֻͻȻĳ֮СĶ˵ʵҲ֪Ҿðɣ϶˵еĲһ
ŶǴ˵еʲôأ
һʵ
˵еðӦǺܿɰƯ˳ְɣҲ˵ΪûмҾ⴫˵ܲģ
˵˵еӦǺܿɰƯ˳ʱҲԵķһЦ⣬ǵһ仰˵ʱɫֱ
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248 Ӣ۸
ݵĳĬ֮󣬰ϫһЦȻֽӹ˸еСƿӣűһ
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ϫûаԼʵݸ߸κ˰ȻƺľͲǸˣ
λĻʵۺ˼֮󣬸ֱ⡣
еĹӦö˰ɣȻ˵ĻôǾ߰ɣ
𣡡
˭֪ʱԶĵطȴǴһҰ޵ŭ
΢΢һ㶣ϫʵôǹ廹б𣿡
ϫ˵ͷűָĵط˵һƬɽҹһֱĵط
ԭˣ
˵ͷһ˲ߡ
˲ֵޣΧĹȴһӱļΪػڻߵĻ˲佫˳ȻͻȻֵĹ˶ŵˡ
Ҳİڳһ׼̬
΢΢һ㶣ŸæӦ˹һİϫ˵˲ҪţֻȥɽѣûʲôĻ׼ɽҲƵƬռϾĳҲҪʳԴģ
ϫûȻı£漴˵ͷʼοܾĹﵽޱϣֱɽзȥˡ
磬ɵü죬ûñɵǱɽϿա
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ɽڹԣһֱǵʳԴֻҪɽƵռôʳԴǳ׽ˣ
ţæ޷ɵһɽϣȻ֡
ռڰٰĵķŴͻȻֻͷϷһƬӰ̧ͷһȴ̱㱻ŵôסˡ
ѽȻѷ֮ɽƽˣ
ֹū
ɽƽռ֮󣬸ϫ˹ȥڼ·̲֮סֿ˼ۣʵ̫ƾˣѾʺϾסˣҲͷ˽֮ƽռ뷨
ղƵռɽʯҪڽһҲʲô£ʵûбҪȥˡ
ڰϫֽսռһ̧ͷ㿴ǰĹԼ̬ȸǹࡣ
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Ҳ˵Űϫ˵ͷʼɣ
һ𣬸ֻҪһԽռ䣬ûãʮĹ㱻ȫƽռˣռæտţҲǲʲôӵġ
֮󣬸һ㶣ϫʵȵȣеĹ嶼սռ䣬ôǸôص˼䣿
ϫȻÿӣǺһ༫ֲĹ˸ǰ
΢΢һ㶣˭
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ϹԯĴ󽫾Ϲԯ
ҲûиϫѾĲ˵ɵϹԯôţ
ԡϫ֮ǰ˵ϹԯѾвˣû˵ɱ
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ϫ˸ƣȻָָϹԯ
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㣿΢΢һ㶵ģ
ϹԯһЦĿȴǳ޾ûҲǵ˸ʱˣ
ۿŸ뷢ʣϫæһסȻҪˣ飬ֻҪžͺˣ
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ЩˣۿŰϫϹԯһ֪ģֻԼ˹бЩˬ
ϫ̾˿ŵʵɣҲûɱϹԯΪҵɱֻ˵Ҹҵһʺ˾סĵطȻЭˣ󣬸ҪĶ
ҪĶҪĶʲôӦʲô
һæʵϹԯһµļһҪĶһĶ
ϫһ˿̣Ƭ֮Ҫֻ
ʲʲô
סˡ
ϫֵ˵һΪܶҪֻǹĺսɲӦط֪ĴʲôҪÿʳһܼȥңⲢҪģʹ࣬Ϊ˹壬ûа취
ҸϹԯҵһʺϹסĵطϣԷ˼ʱϹԯҲһҪ
Ҫõ
ˣİɣҪģֻˣ
⻰жʱҲǾþòƽվĽǶ˵ϹԯȷʵһħվйĽǶ˵ϹԯȴһĴӢۣ
ͬҲ޷˵Щʲôˡ
ϫ׼𣿡
ʱϹԯȴ԰ϫ̧ͷһ㿴ϹԯѾվ֮·ڴ
ϫ˵ͷĿнǾ֮ɫȻΪУУԶӢۣ
ϹԯȻһЦ˽֮·ͰϫһۣҲæȥ
һ֮·Ȼ֮·ŰƺûжϹԯʲô̫Ӱ죬Ϲԯȷʵǿ̫ЩȻ֮·Ҳ޷˺鲢ҷֽ塣
ǵȵص˼ʱ򣬸ǿϹԯһֱۺͰԴѾֽˣȴȻûһ˿⣡
ûãͰϫص˼䣬ϹԯҲ˼䣬ֻ˿û֮ǰģصʱҪ֮ǰĹţ͵ڵˡ
վϹԯеһֻ۾ϫӦңúñǵˣ
ϫ˵ͷǼ֮ɫ˵ҴӦ㣬һҵȥǣ
ϹԯЦЦȻ֮·ڴ˹ȥƺҪص֮
΢΢һæʵ֮ѾûκεĹˣΪʲôҪȥ
Ϲԯͣʮʧ˾ضɣҵȥΪҵһ£ҲϽ뿪ɣΪϾҪٵ֮·ˣҵˣԺ󶼻úûţ
⻰˵ֻ꣬ܵĹ廤һ˲ȥϽǾ֮ɫƺ취λӢ۽;
ϹԯһЦ֮·һľȻҲǲɵøһ
ˣҸϿ뿪ɣϾҪըˣ
ϫĺ漴Ÿһ
֮·УϹԯͻȻȼһܵĻ棬ǻУһ߿ɴɵľ޴ħͻȻˣĳ֣֮·ڵҲӿϹԯȴȻͷڵͺһըһ㣡
䣡
һ޴ıը֮·޷ٳ˲㱻ȫըˣϹԯȴһڵһֱ˷֮֮˲㻯һƬ𺣡
ټҵǣϣǿԺúûȥ
Уһοӣ


249 յĺ
ǸһˣȻļȴҲûţһǰæռĹ壬ΪҲ˾ע⣬Ҫһ˾ڹʧʲôķӦǹǱҲҪһ͡
һ»ð죬Ϊ屾һ֯мɵС͹ңֻǰæŲŲɽȻ¿һСӣ֮ȫԼȥˡ
У˰ϫ֮ⶼ˸ռ䣬ϫƺѾϰ˼ˣ˼˳ͷҲû˵ʲôһʵ̫УȥæѰ˼ĺˡ
ڵڶ飬ȴǸеϢ
ӷ֮֮󣬸Ϲԯ᲻˾ǳʲô鷳Ž˳
߸˾ȷʵǳ˴£˾ײķ֮Ȼ֪Ϊεȼ˴𣬽Ƭ֮͸ɽճ˻ҽô飬ʮ־ȻҲǲҵææͥݼȥˣ֮飬ǻʮ־˵ˡ
ָ˸һСϢ˵ڹʧ£˾ʮ־ֽкõģΪһֱǸ˾˺ܶ鷳ǵʧ˾Ҳǰ࣬˾ʮ־Ͳǹ嵽˻ȥ˱ĵطֻͥΪйµһ۶ѣ
֮ǰԹ̬ȣºпҲǻ᲻֮ˣ
Ĵܵ˵ġ
ڵȴЩѰˣɺǱǰ컹绰˵ǴӱĵطʿҪǲʿӿɰѸһ
ΪѾȫˣҲòЩʿˣ⻰һʱҲǲýֻͣ˸ȥɺ򵥵Ľһ¡
ȻľȫԼϹģ߳ɺʼ˼䣬ֻΪǾסҪˣżеҪҵһµľס֮ǻûǹռ˼ʱǾסĵطѾˣеĹҲĻȥˣ˹ΣѾȫˡ
⻰ĳɺһһ㶵ģȻЩܵ˵ⳡսҲԼʤˡ
ǵǲʿɺҲ˸취ӦȥˣȻ֪ɺ鵽õʲô취ǸҲµ϶Ǻ͹ʬйˣΪ˽и߹֮ǰǴʬʱһЩֵ˴žӴ˼߱Ƚõʬ塣
Щ棬ǽһҲ;ûʲôˣֵô󣬿϶ҲҪоѰרŶԸǵİ취оĻʬȻҲǱزٵģ
ܵ˵Ҳǲദˡ
ߵʱһϽ˸һʱЦΪЩ϶Ǻ֤ȻҲٲһ֤ˣ
ЩͿΪһ˼ˡ
ŸЩ˼óһϽϣٰԼһæ
һȻһŮƬͼ±˸˼ЩԾʵŮʲôˣ
ǡðɣ
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ЩջǴӦ˸ΪϾ֮ǰǿǷ˸һܴ飬æҲӦõġ
Ҳ䣬Ǹ֪ⲻһΰΪʱ䣬ˮײŮҲҪˣʱҲٲҪæ
ڼЩСǮСʮֻС¿֮⣬ҲǸһǨռˣԴعȻЩ棬Ҳû˵ЩʲôΪ֪ͥɵɲСɿģ
Щ飬ѾԺˡ
˿ڴҡϺŸ裬ĸż򣬹ȴһ߾۾Ŀ飬Ļһ飬ǹڲƾ鼮
ΪǱȲϵģ˵Ҳһ£ֻҪѧ⣬ô˦ƹܹĸңˡ
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ꡰšһűһƬкõҵݵ˸ߡ
ſ죬һƬұ㱻ĿУһҧʱ㡣
ⶫѾȫôںˣҲֻǵˮԵģƲȥռﻹмʮŲ˵֮ǰµҺҲǿʼˣΪٳɺˮĹϵҺֳҲûͥôйЧҲǳһʮˣڸ˵Ҳ㹻ˣһʮ꣬һٿǶأ
ԣʵĻϧʱĵ绰ȴ
绰һֻǰϫģжʱҲµ˼֣϶ǰϫҵյĺˡ
˵绰ϫ㴫˹
ù
΢΢һ㶣кӿһΪĸоæʲôˣջк𣿡
ϫ̾˿УǷһЩ飬绰˵㻹ǾϹɣ
Ҷ˵绰Ҳ飬Ů˸к·֮㼱Ҵȥˡ
ϫһῪЦˣղŵЩԵõϢ
һȷʵк˴ڵģȷˡ
ڶյĺΣգ˵鷳鷳ǰϫ˵ģȻ԰ϫӣҲ¸ˡ
յĹ磬ڻıʡУڵƽвûжԶҲСʱˣԸ±ͣĸ˹ȥ
Լĵطеһұ˰ϫ˵ķſڣš
ûãű㱻˿ϫӰҲǳ˸ǰ
һ߽һһЩżϫʵǷʲô鰡ôżǵҡ
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ֻﵽɢһЩ·ҺʶŮӵ·Ϊһ۱㿴һۺɫ£̧ͷһֻϻſһʮŮӣֻһģƺ˯ˡ
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Щŭ˵ȻǱǰĳˡ
ϫ𻰣ֽһ˹
ֽסֻһСƿӣƿһĴָСѪܵĶҿⶫȻǻġ
üͷһ壬ʵʲô
ϫҡҡͷűѵӦǴҵ𣿡
ε˵ԸǴҵ𣿡
ϫЦЦȻߵ߱ҪƿŮıӡ
һæһأͲܵڡ
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˿еСƿӣòңǴŮڳİɣ
ϫ˵ͷȻΪأҪΪ˾Һαô鷳
ٶ˵˲һһСƿȪˮ˲УȻСĵŮı˿ڴ˼Σֻ˿˲ۿɼٶȻָû˿ڱѾȫˣ
½ȪˮָŮ˱ӣſϫ⵽ô£
ϫһԵɳŽľ
ݸṩһЩϣټϱĴ˵ϫڻҵյĺˣ
ĺһһŮеĽ£ŮĽСãһãǵĸĸǺСʱˣСһԹ¶
ҵյĺˣϫҲˣʣµֻҪȥͺˣǰϫȴǺһֵ顣
֪ǲΪյĴ˵յļ𻨾ΪﵽƵжĹζȻҲΪˣⲢǶá
Ƶͷϫ׼׻ΪȷǾյĺˣȻһ棬ϫȴǷһѰ顣
ϫõľ״̬ܲⲢΪʻ֮ԭɵġ
аһĶΪУϫ±ƺǱʩĳа
ŴƵĿյϫͱСڼϫСûʲôֵ顣
СЩϫΪʲôôʣһ֮Ǹ߰ϫ˵Լ˯ĺ磬ǰ컹ûʲô񣬶ǻһЩֵΡ
ϫСʲôΣС˵εʱεһϺϺгĺķ񣬵ǲ֪ΪʲôϺеȴǿЩ׺
ϫж϶ǺСϺйˣ


250 Ϻ
С飬ȴռᶨ뷨
Сø߰ϫǰһʱʱһܴᣬĸ綼ȥˣڼһϺڸɷʳҲһЩе飬ҲǷǴ֮ģֻ֮ǰû⣬뻹Щˡ
ϫ±֪϶ͳóԵĶϣͬʱҲ֪¿϶ûô׽ˣ˼֮ǰҲȥһΣɽ˺ĳ浽ڻЩĿȻϺǸɷʳôЩʳĿ϶Ͳֻˣ
Ҳ˵ǣĲֹãи޹ࡣ
֮ǰĵص㣬ϫãȻصԼʱŵıݣֱҹ˾ʱĵĸȥС˵Ǽ
Ȼûãϫ㷢ǰ治ԶĵطһϤӰϸһȻСãðϫֲѡ
СõļҾҲЩ룬ڼ仹ҪһСƬ֣Ҫǰ컹ãϵĻһŮ᲻̫ΣЩ
ϫ֪ǿõ飬ҪȻҲˣСҲһŮϫԼбҪչһİȫ
Сãʲô
߽֮󣬰ϫСúȻðϫΪɻǣСȴûһ㣬Ծǰš
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ߵСǰһֻ˿̵Сñк˫ĿֻãȻǰţƺûвԼߡ
ʱΧͻȻһҵĽŲϫæһȴǸΪ
ֻʱ˿̣˴˷۶Щ˽һк˫Ŀ񣬵ǿߵķ֮ǰСø߰ϫǼ
ϫ˼Σʼ޷СãҲֻȷˣűСúЩ󣬿ǵҪȥ
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ϫΪЩ˻߽ǰǣЩȴûнȥڿҪʱ˷תԱߵһɽ˽ȥ
ɽϫ㷢ɽҲһ󣬵Ƿ񣬶Ҷȼ򣬿ƺҲһС͵
мĵطһϺУϺΧһȺСУЩеȴΪ졣
ʵϣе鶼ǹģ¿ЩµĻʹӦþһˡ
ϫûóȻȥ˶ϺǰۼʱĶһʯ棬Ϊ֪²򵥣óȻ֡
Щ˶ۼϺиǰȻֶϺеָ£ߵСǱ㿪ʼЩɷһЩõ̱㽫Ƕ¶ȥˡ
ûã˶õϺɷĶҲȫȥˣϺۼˣЦһֺЦǲЦ
ϫҲ˹Ϻʮа˾ſ϶ҲˣһﵹҲȻԱ飬ѵͲǵԱķ淢ŭ
˶֮ЩȫϺаȥлдʵ˵ʲôϺҲһܵģƺһ㡣
ʱϫҲ̲סҪˡ
ڰϫͻȻ֣һʼϺлЩΪȻ˻ֱߵļСȥɵϫЩСǰϫĶ֣±㱻ϫڵˡ
ţðϫ𾪵㷢ˡ
ֻϫڵصЩСУһӺǲȻԽԽСȻǱһ󡡣
ϫʱ׹ԭЩСжģô˵Ϻп϶Ҳһֻϸˣ츳ǿһۿֹı壬Ƿҵĵ̣ϫΪ壬ҲܵһЩѹƣûпЩеı塣
ۿһСжϫĻָ˱壬Ϻ˲ЩŭҲԺͰϫ
ϺҲ൱һҹǳ뻯¾Ȼͭͷһ㣬ǰϫҲ򵥣ԼƾҲǺϺд˸ƽ֡
ǰϫôȥϿϺ£Ȼ˵Щ˵ķӣ԰ϵĻ˲ֻ˹ߡ
Ϻм󣬷ǵûһ˿£ƿڴ˵ϫħΣ˼䡣
ϫһ⻰Ц˳Ϻϸ󡣬ħΣ˼Ŷ԰ɣ
Ϻһ⻰ɫʱһ˲䣬ȴǸΪ


251 ϸ
ֻϺеϣͻأıһĽ⣬˲㽫ȫƺһ˿š
ϫûϺеı仯ֱӺƴɱ
Ȼûãϫȴǰ
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ҰϫҲ֣ϺϵĽƺԼĳֿƣϵҲǴǰˡ
ϸȻ򵥣
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ϫЩĶˣǽһַˡ
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ѾԵСãǱϫסıݡ
С÷ڴϣϫþеİ취ҪСãʼնûãֱ֮ǰϺιСóԵĶ
ô˵ԲѵĶӦˣ
뵽ϫʱæΪ˼ĳЩֱӱ㽫Сϵ·ѵˣֱҲѵˡ
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ϫڶҲЩˣһֱǶԼʵ˭¾ȻԵһֻϸԽԽǲ
ȻҲǿˣȴ֪²Ǽ򵥵ʵƴ
ϫǹ壬ϵϢΪǷҵĵ̣аһĶΪƣǷŵĵؽ磬ϫϵͼɣϸȴǲȻǵû˿ļҼǻǿ˲١
»طĻ֮˭˭Ӯͺ˵ˡ
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СԺ۾Ļʹޱȣò˻Դ˹
ǰľʱɵһ㶡
ģ
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СһʱЩĿ˲ֱɢڵϵ·˹ȥ
֣ΪʲôϵЩ·ϵ·񰡣
һͷСõԴ˲ը˿

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һֻ۾һֻİϫļε˵ϫû㣬㻹Լɣſڰţ
˵ű㿪˳ȥϫȴȻһƽѾ˱Сá
ճʱ˲㿴ſѾвٵΧȻСøղŵĺѾݶˡ
ЩεЦЦŶǰΧ˵ûû£ֻѷ޳ܶѣɢ˰ɣ
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ڣСȻǱŵöڱɪɪϫһƽŴϡ
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257 ԭ
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˿ʱ䣬ʱҲңϻеʱ䣬ȻһӲҪôԱôɣ
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СõչȻǲһٷԵҲø񫣬ԭҲǱ¸ҳ˼ƿƷ𻨾ƣ˱߳ԱߺȣҲʮֵˬ졣
һٷһֱԵ˰˵ŽʱҲ׼ˣ˵컹Ϊ̫ˣ˿ѾȵˣվվȣֻǷԸС͸Ͱϫ뿪ˡ
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258 򵥵ϸ
ͷһ㿴СһԼ
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Ȼϫô˵ˣȻҲ޻˵ˣ˰ϫ֮󣬸ŻصԼĳϡ
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Ȼһɽʱ򣬸ԶľͿһϺУϺе߻żСС
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ʱһӰ˹жʱһΪϺзˣϸһӰȻСá
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259 Ƕ
ڸͻȻ֣ϸҲЩĵģΪڸϲһϢҲǲóȻ֣ϸĴһ
Ƭ֮ϸ󡿪ʵ㾿ʲôˣ
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ҲֻǳŰϫ˵ͷϫ⣬ֻ˲ȼ̧һףһŻз˳ȥֱӱ㽫ϸߵһСиڵˡ
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260 С
һŵҩʱȴǺһСУȴǻȻδ
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261 ϸô
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262 С
Ȼ˸Сܣϸ̬ҲǺ˺ܶ࣬ǰЩ˵ʱϸȻǽ
ԭʱʱϸɷȷʵһЩʳ治ֻǻóЩڲѡ
֮ٸɷģʵǸǳԵĶǸڵԵģȻǼȻͣҲҪʳԴģʧȥʳԴôǹ˶Ҳǻȥģ
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СȻûԸԳĺͰϫסһԼסһ䷿Ͱϫסһ䡣
СãڷǵǰϫЩҲûа취ˣԼǵøϿѰϫ߲УȻ˭֪ʲôӣҪСúͰϫʲô飬ôôս


263 ҩ
ֱڶʱ֣źͰϫ˹ȻСʱȴ뿪ˣԭһ磬֮󲻼СãæСô˸绰Сúµֻ˵ԼȥˣȻæ뿪˱ݣΪߵôæҲûüϫкֻǰֽ̨
ϫʱȴǸæ˿±߸ߵѾȫˣҲûмȥıҪˣ漴æһĿ뿪ˡ
ҲǾЩЦǸ˸𻰣ߺ͹ԼͻȻȥ¼
й飬Ѿ̸Ĳˣ˽ĿҲΪ˺̸ⷽ飬ֻºСһЩƬ׼ʱ¹տ
ۿֻиһǰϫȴǲӰСʱҲʲôҲǼΪ䣬ԴˣȻҲǲ˵Щʲô
æЩ飬ֻصƽС
ȸҵʱ򣬺㿴һˣò֪϶֮ǰһ«ʧܵҩüĿˡ
ôǲʲôϢҪҰ
Զģų
һ˲ֱļΪ˷æ˸ǰȻһ˷ܵ˵ûǺϢһĺϢ
ЦЦȻһԵʯŶԳ˵˵˵ɣô£
һԵعҲǸæߴٵСӣ㵹˵
ڸղŵʱعһֱߴų˵ҩ飬˭֪ȴôҲ˵عɲջһ³Ÿعҩȷʵˣǽ飬ȴҲ϶˵ˣҪȸ˵عȻĴӵۣȴҲûа취
ۿˣֹסЦ⣬ȻĿռָͳһһС«
«Ҳϵã֮ǰԼһֻ«С«ȴǲϵˡ
ûڣ㿪ʼ֮ǰҵЩҩûȥ¯ˣһҲɲүүҲʮֵĺ棬ҲǰҲٵæ
үүҲǼģˣлʮкøеģ˱˵ͷʾ˵ȥ
үүİ£ڽЩʧܵҩеҩ˳ڼһЩҩһ£ƳЩҩ
˵ţ㽫һС«Ȼݵ˸ǰ
ֽӹС«ȻҲǼΪҲûʲô̫ϣû뵽Ȼĳɹˣ
һţ˲һ˱ǣƳЩҩȻȲϽͯͯƵĹԪЧҲֻʮ֮һѣ˼䣬ȴѾǼΪѵƷҩˣ
ʱֻֽ«ȻֽܵԹʳõĵҩֻƳôһ㣬ʣµĶƳˣƿƷʣǰǿʮֹ
ųһ˷ܵģȻҲǼΪˣЦοְһæҶ֪ôллˣ
⻰һڣȴЩЩ棬æʵôˣ
̾˿ŶԸ˵ǲ˼мұ˵˵
ʲô£˵ɣ
˵ЩףôղŻһ˷ܵģˣ
ʵҩɵʱʵֹôһ㣬Ҳ֪ҵļΪڵҩΪԣõҩʱҵһЩ˱㶼ҪҩұǲϸģǼܲסǵĿ֮սǸһЩԡϣԭң
˵
дС֪ʲôǵҩĶ͸ˣ
δڣһԵعȴǺһų˲ƿڴ
˭ͥɣ˽԰ɵĶóȥˣǶ˵˵мԵҪǸƢ˵ǳҪùû׼ʦҲøŵùԵعƿ
ʵﲢôΪ֮ǰûʲôϣʱһƿҩѾǼΪˣڳ͵͸˵ҩ飬Ҳǿġ
һңȻ䵽޷Ƴҩĵز˵ҲЩ˺ĵġ
ţ˰֣ʾعҪŶԳ˵͸˵ҩ飬ҿԲȥ׷ǹҵ飬ϣܹܣ
⻰ʱ˾񣬸æظ˵ģĿǰҲҺүү֪ѣǾԲй¶κϢģ
֪ʵݣͨعԸ̬ȣҲ֪ݿ϶ǲһģӦҲǼΪܵģôҸκ˸أ


264 ʳ
ڳĻش𣬸ģű㽫һС«ҩȻ´ƿռ«ͥĵҩ
«ҩ֮ǰһʧ˵ĵҩóȥȥһ°ɣ
һ߽«ҩݸ˳һ߶˵
±סˣôҲû뵽Ȼֹһ«ҩֻһ˲㷴Ӧ˹æ«ҩ˹ȥ
İɣһʧģ
˷ܵ˵СֻȤһ鶼ȤҸЩҩҲܲһ㣬ͨ飬ѾһЩļɣҲźܴߵģ
֮ǰһ«ҩʱЩδֵ«ʹֿԺúоˣ˲Źأ
ǽȴָһˮըһľϲ
«ҩ֮ȫøңǿԹʳõĵҩһЩо˶ãȫƾȥ
ҪţɻţԱǶģⵤҩڵҲʱûʲôãҲһЩ
Ȼһ⻰ʱֱļΪ
һż͵ĸ뿪ˣѾ̲סҪȥʼЩҩˡ
֮󣬸ֺع˼䣬Žݡ
ʵϵһֻŸ̤Ժʱ򣬺㷢ˣпڣһʱҲǲóȥֻʱһݣ
磬ڻˣ
걧Ÿһĵ˵
ЦͷȻСѾͷҸʲôöˣ
˵бһȻװĺ«˸С

ǰһæſ˸Ȼ㽫Ǻ«˻תڵĹ˹ȥ
ѵСĵ㣬εǰЩһεһֻܳһŰ
Դӻ֮󣬺ٶҲԽԽˣֻһһţѾһˣ岢ûгʲô⣬˸Ҳȥˡ
Ž㣬һ
Ӻ«ﵹһŵҩȻݸ˹˵
üͷһ壬Щʵʲô
ܰĵҩ
һĵ˵
ȻѾڸס˼ˣǹûнӴ˶Ҳһ֪ô˵ǽ˹
̧ͷһ㿴Ѿˣһܵȥ
΢΢һЦѧźӽ˿УʼֻվһԿţûôʲôףҲȻҲõģ
ȵȡ
˭֪ʱȴǺ뵽һΪص⡣
ݳ˵ֵһηĻͻȻ䣬֮ǰѾںϼˣҪ֪ʱСèСĺһӾͱĺСһС˰ҪǹĻֱˣ
ȵȣȱԣ
һ˲˹ȥ˭֪ŹһĶǿѱ˸С
ôˣ
һ㵵ʵȻ䣬ĵӿһɼΪǿ
һôˣСèСĺ궼ܱС԰С׶೤Ĺñʮ׳ҪĻû׼ҶˣȻ⻹ˣʱô춯͵ˣ
ʱڶͷһģ
شϢһͻһ˵е
;Щͷ
룬æ˹ߣһץסֱۣҪռ䣬ʱҲǺ˹Ҳץס˹ĸ첲
Ǻֻһ˲Ĺ򣬸Źͺռ䡣
ս뵽ռһ˲䣬˲һһȻһʮ׳İɫʱӦҲǼ죬æźһʱ˰ɫϡ
˿̣ռڣյϸ죬ΪĵһСܣиƬռ︳ѾΪƬռϴյϸ󡶼ֹūʰķˡ
ЩȻҲ֪ģȻ֣Ҳ֪һЩִģԸҲȥˡ
ƬռʱʱĻᱻһЩֵĶֹūҲǲپˣΪԴӼֹū֪ʲôֵ飬Ƭռﶼǲֵġ
ϸ󡲻һǵһο˱˽̧ͷһʱһ
ҵѽȻ


265 ҵ

ϸһʱҲһ̧ͷһ˲㿴һԼʮξ޴İɫͷɹ˿̱ϡ
ֵöһ˰
ֹūŴͷɹİɫ˵
֮ֳʳĻἤڵԵֿڵٽ䳹գǵڵ֮ʱǻݵĿ״̬˿̾״
ҪĻ϶ƾΪ˿̿ǻһʮ׳Ҫǳ棬ǿ϶ǻ춯ذˣϾһ˿޷ġ
ռɾͲһˣռһƽڸƿ֮УôڣҲǲµġ
ɫڿն𣬴Ÿͺ꿪ʼռ
磬Ž㲻°ɣڸǰ̧ͷһھεĿŸ˵ң֪ҾͲŽˣ
Сôܹأæοʳǻᷢģ㵱ʱҲǴһֻСèСһֻСԴأҲǱıһЩѣ
˵⻰ĿһɨȻ㷢ԼʱȻѾ˹ľס֮ˡ
ʱĹǣɵæŽǵĶǣΪʧȥ˷֮Ҫһµľס֮
ǽ춼õʯԼľģǴӲԶɽȡģоһң߿ԳʮңԿɽʯ
ʱЩȻҲǼ縺˽춼Ҫ񣬴ӲԶɽϵ£ЩӰҲæͣŮԹҪЩͶˮͷвһЩһ޶塣
ԿóȻǺæۣǵȴҸЦݡ
Ϊֱ֮һãһǹϰҸá

ɫɹס֮ʱ˲㵴һ磬æŵĹҲǺ̧ͷ
ȿڰɫϵʱϽһмı顣
Ȼǲ֪ʵݣȴ֪Ǹ뿪֮ҴϣˣУǱҪĴڣ
лл㣡ллµϣ
䣬Ҳ֪˭ôһ䣬к㱬һΪܵĻ
лл㣬ǵ񣡡
лȫ壬Զм㣡
񰡣뱣ɣ

ټһеӣжʱҲǼΪȻ࣬м֮飬ȴޱȵУ
껹һμ壬Щµģ˶˸ǺȺֵŸ΢һЩȻ㽫Դ̽˳ʼĴܵ
ѾǺһռˣһʱǴûʶ״̬벻ԼҸղҲֻŹĹİΣһʱ䵹ҲûԼʲôֵĵطʱϸһȴǱļΪԾ
ûã̧ͷʵ磬ﵽʲôط
ЦЦҵ磬ȻҲ磬ʲôԣ
ôҿԷ𣿡һ˷ܵ˵Һɰ
ôѵڲڷ𣿡
Щʵ
˵Ĳ˵ڵķɣͺСһģ
˵űſ˫ۣȻ˸ơ
ٶҲǲɵñøЦ
ܷɣֻΪ֮壬ǺȴֻһֻС꣬Լı·Ļô뻹꣬¶ڸ˵Ҳǵָһˡ
˭֪ʱµİɫһ󶶶Ź
ȥ
Щ˵˵ڱܲġ
ôأ⻹ǵ𣿲Ȼõô鷳
Щ˵ȴǸæ˿Ȼ˵ôʹѾָǣȻˣԼȷʵǲˣϾɲô
Ž㣬ںǵˣ
ۿŹ˹ţ˸ظģ
ЦЦűã㲻ȥ㲻𣿽ɣ
˭֪ȴǴһӣ˵ô鷳Ƿ𣿽Һˣ
˵⻰㱧źһͷȥ


266 ϸ¶

ֻüһűæ۾ΪԼҪȥˡ
С꣬ڸ㲻Ҫôֲˣ
ź֮УȻһЦʵ
ҡҲɣҪȥˣ
һʹŸ·һЩŵ˵۾ʼҲǱŵģȻǱŻˡ
Цİɣǲȥģ㻹ǵø˵ʲô𣿸ģ۾ɣ
С꣬£ûƭ㣬۾֪ˣ
ʱѾΪεĹҲǺɵ˺߶˵
Ѿ֪ⷽɸһƿصģƬռ︳κֻ򵥵һֶѣ
˸ͺ֤۾
Ȼ˿̵ȷʵǷڿеģ
׼ãҪ˰
һ˲ɿ˺꣬Ȼ˹ȥ
粻Ҫҡһˣ
Ļʱбһ£Ļ˵һ룬㷢Լ˿˰֮Уûн͹
ҡһˣҾȻҲˣҮ
껶ЦȻ˲Ϸȥˡ
ĺİȫҲǸæȥϾǵһγԷУҪ˽̵ģ΢΢һЦȻԶϸ˹ȥΪڸղƬռʱϸĸ˵Ҫ˵
˿Ůˣһʱ䵹Ҳ£ȥϸ󡣬ʲôҪԼ˵
ϸǸܴļһƬռʱ㽫ԼıʯҩռĺУΪѾƬһĺ
Ȼ˸СܣϸǰķȻҲǲˣϸֻܻһְ취ҲʼƬռˣκεߣǱһ͵ͬǱ˫ٶˡ
ϸ󡻹֣ķȻ֮ķһЩȴ޾ģҪϢеıȴǲҪϢģӳԶǶ˵ɱĶˡ
ȻΪҪǣٵˣǰԻȡ֮ʱǵ᲻ᱻ˷ı壬Ȼ𣬿ڣѹˣΪŸıӻû˸˺Լ
֮ܶϸ󡻹ǼΪġ
ϸȻҲף֮Ի϶ΪԸô֮ǰϸ󡻹ԼܶһʲôôҲǻ̻̲һƬռ䣬˾סʮ壬ټ֮ǰѯʹԼ飬ϸжʱˡ
϶Ҳѧ֮ķˣ
Ҫ֪ȻҲȡ֮ķţһҪôȴǲܵģȵ˼УҲǼΪ鷳ģд߲Сд󹦵߲У󻹵þͥſԣЩȱһɵģһǾǷǷģʱһ˵ˣʱԪ񶼸ˣ
ͨϸŷΪֻ֪ҪԼܹ֤ԼڵļֵôԺӿ϶ˮҲǼ͵Ҫ߸ȡ֮顣
ۿŸڲԶϸæȥȻ˵ˣСһ仰֪
ϸ֪ҪӵˣҪǵʵδʧݣ˸æԼȴȥֱӱѻ˿
Ȼһ⻰ʱҲ˾񣬱ɣ
Ǻܺ棬ϸ󡵽˵ʲô
ϸˣҪ˵ȡ֮ȻҶᣬǱҵŹȴǸΪһЩᣬСĲ˵Сֻ˵
˺ˣ˵Ҷ˵ɣ
ϸ󡻰˵һ룬Լ⻰еֵ˼ŵæҪ֪ǵҵɰԼô˵
˭֪⻰ȴǸûһģǴߴȥϸ˿
ϸ˵ǿߣĴ棬֮ɽǿʮĽҲǴˣǴֻͨҪһһ䡮ӷõһ˿֮ŷ֮˺ֹǧһ˿˿֮Ǻǿ󰡣
ϸ˵ţļΪ


267 
ô˵ҵĿģΪ˸Ĵжôͨ𣿡
ϸʱ򣬸ȴǺ
ϸʱһæˣæ͵ǲǣҽͣʵСĲ˼Сĵ˼ǰǴ桭
ˣҪ˵ϻˣֱӸ㵽˵ʲôɣ
ͷ˵ϸҲ̫Щ⽲˰˵û˵ȰѷҸһ飬Ҫ֪ϸǴģһ߹ȥˡ
СȻǴһȡ֮
ۿŸѾЩͷˣϸҲͲچˣֱӱ˵Լе뷨
һ⻰ʱҲ˾ʵ֮ԻϸΪľŹ彨ö֮µģû뵽ϸھͰ¸˵˳
ҲǷҵˣҲȡ֮Ĺ𣿡
ʵ
ϸ˵ͷʵ˵ҲѣΪ˵ⷽ粢ѭĹֻҪȻʶе֮һЩ֮ˣСĸҸƱ¶϶ûģ
⻰ĸҲһϸ˵֮۳⣬ʮ壬ֻһ˿Լôõ޷ģ
뵽ϸ˵Ȼˣô¾˵İɣʲôҪֻҪͿˣҲû¸ɣͽˣ
˭֪ϸһ⻰ȴҡҡͷɣ²
Ϊʲô
Щʵ
ν֮ıһģǵЩסĹһֻһ˿һҲǻ֮ģŻǿ󣡡
ϸ͵
¸ǷѣΪڶæŽǵĶǣҲһΪƴḶ́ûиҲɲ˵ģôʱԼأ
ƺǿ˸룬ϸֵˣΪæµõʱԼΪ֮Ǻǿ󰡣СЩʱҲȥǹĵתһȦĹ嶼˾ҳĲѣСĸұֻ֤Ҫһ£ǹȫ嶨ȻȿֺҪΪ
ϸ˵Щ¸Ҳ֪Ϊղ·ϿյʱѾܵԹǵĸм֮飬Ҫ˼ҸԼʼеݡ
ʱĿһ㿴һԵжʱһ⡣

Ÿһкæ˸ߡ
ϸǼ򵥵Ľһ£ȻŶ˵ˣڿʼҪɸһҪ񣡡
˵أ
ֹūҲеҪʱһҪȥ˷
ϸղ˵ӦҲˣҪǵȥɢϢ嵽ԸԸΪǾܵ̽ǣǧţǿɲ˵ҷԸ鰡
İɣֹūһ˷ܵ˵¶϶ܳɣǰȥǱ߰æʱĹ޲أ
Ǿͺã˵ͷŶԸôھȥɣʲôֱϸͺˣȫȨʲôǽ˵飬Ұɣ
ϸΪǺ֮ˣԵλҲһֱ֮µģʱһͨȴǺϸݸߵ֮ϣϸʱһ˷ܡ
ȴЩˬǸǾٲˬҲûԣҲֻõͷӦˣȻķȥˡ
뿪֮󣬸ִϸ󡣬˺ߣ˿Ůںﻶˣš
߲Զĵطһ֣Ǹָ֮ǰԺЩСǵľס֮ǴӹǱߵɽֲġ
ռһʮһЩСǸʼջǾ̫ڿտЩΪȫҲռռﲻʮ֮һѡ
⽫ƬռһС磬ҪľͶ
รҪｨһҲǲ
Ц뵽
ϲڸƬռǹٻЩų⣬ûñøǳȥҲĲˣҲͽǸ˳
жٻЩźģΪ֪ܵʲôʱܺͷƷ


268 ûԲҵ¶
ʱĺܿ죬תۼ㵽ϣͺ˸кųš
ȥƵѧУ˷ƣŴŷȥˡ
Щ棬ʵôȥҼˣҼûʲôģһ׼ȥأ
Ц˵ҽǴְȥ̸ģ˳ͽˣҪͬĻҵǲȥҼңϾҹ߰
˵ȴǶһ˿٩˼
û뵽һȴǺһűƲ˵⻰˵Ĳ԰ɣûǴĻﲻǻһֻС꾫𣿡
Ϊ֮ǰĽͣڷƵνĺ꾫ǹĺ꾫꣬ȴǱƸıˡ
˵ʵЩ鷳ֻһ;ЩͷۣҸʱͷ̯ˣҲ۵ĲУԣڻʱ
ˣǸŵ˷ƻеһ˿⣬һЦ˳Դ˰
УƲмһ˵˵СôһֻСĴף
ǽһ룬ƺһ֣صŸȻʵң㵽ûʲôԲҵ¶
Ϊʲôôʰ
ЩЦõʵ
˲ϲ꾫һŮ𣿸Ļһĺ꾫ˣ˵㵽ûʲôԲҵ¶
Ƽеʵ
ûС
ҡҡͷ˵ʵϷ˵Щ£붼롣
ΪĵһۣıһֻɫС꣬ĵһۣıһɫǱ˵ģǵһʱڸʼնֻǵı塣
ڻλʮֵȶˣʱһֻһֻС꣬ҲΪˣŶڼŮûκεͷ
ԷƵĵģĿǰӦǲᷢģ
Ÿһ˿ðɣҾһΣ
ˣԩң㽱𣿡
Щ˵
Ҫʲô
΢΢һ㶣Ȼ󿪿ʵ
Ҳһɣԣ
˵ţ죬Ȼһעǰķһƿ˹ȥ
úÿɣʲôװ
˵ű˫֣Ȼ󽫸Դתǰȥˡ
ǵģһ¶У˵Ůأ
̾˿Сֹһ䣬ֿ˭֪ʱƵ˫ϣȻͷת˹ȥһ˫
ֻһǣ˲ַ˿
Щδ촽Ȼ˵ղûʲôζһ£
ƺ˸һ۵úÿĳɣ
ٺһЦ˵ԼŮѺãԴΣȻżٳԵ㶹Ҫǻ˺͹ǲôġ
ţЩֵغʲô
Ťͷһֻ˵Ƿںһ
ҽҪ̸ְˣĵõһûֻȥְˣ
ʲô
һʵȻǱһסˡ
Ҳ˵ֱƿռƬҶӣȻݸ˷ơ
ܹʮƽҶںЩֻһС֣ҲһٽңĻȫռ
Ƴڸļƻ֮УҲûд׬ǮֻΪ˰һæѣҲһ˽ˣ붯ù˾Ǯҹ˾տûãһʱҲòôǮġ
ԸҲֻ취ˣ͸ʮƽҶЩƽҲǧļ۸񣬿Ƴ϶Ǵ´ˡ
ɲҴҡڵİЩƽҶóȥΪһóôĻƽ𣬿϶ǻ˵ע⣬ʱܶ鷳ջ뵽˷
£Ҳһȫ鱦ε꣬ЩǿΪʲˣֻҪܳƽ¼Ǯ͵ԸģƽҶ¹һҲǱģʱҪٻ顣
ʱƺЩȵ˵ְ
Щ棬ʵʲôֵģ
ƽƬƽҶ̯ģȻ˵ƽҶƷҲǼٵģǴҲûôģһƽҶһ㲻˹̶ɵģɻѹģǵʹҲһģƬƽҶȴȫһǵǴСһҶϵҲһֱͺҶһģ


269 ɹ
û뵽ƾȻԻƽƷ֮ĶҲоһӣҲͲˣ
˵ûƽҶȷʵǳһϵģ

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ЦЦȻָָ˵¹Ĳ
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ԴҲֻǵһЦҲٽʲôˣ˵˵ҲĻ鷳ҼʽһϣְܹƽҶ
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ȵȣѵ˵ǳʳƷӹ
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뵽һһСƿͥˮ˲Ŀڴ
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˵ҵˣЦ˵ҵĳ֮ԻôرȫΪӪҺʵ֤ӪҺֻǶԶЧһЩСë
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270 Ʒ
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ֻǿ˼ۣ±жЩƽļֵͬʱҲѾҪ¸ƽˡ
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ҸĽЩƽΪ鱦۳ȥõ࣡
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ȻѾеĻƽ𶼽˷ʽȴһʱĻ޷øΪһӹôĻƽҲҪ͹˾Ķ»кģЩƽҲҪֵ֮Ǯ
Դ˸νΪ֪ǾزԼġ
̸⣬ȥƷ͵һ㶹δĻؼȥˡ
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Ҹʱŷȥˣղײգĩɣ
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ļǱҲѻƽĿʮƽ𣬰гϵ飬ܹǧŰǮڸﻹûȣǱ߾˵绰˵ƳǱߵѾ̸ĲˣҪȥȷһ¡
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æƳ飬ʳƷӹҲǳ⣬ԭͥˮֶϻˣڸ˵Ѿһˣڿһͥˮֱӱⷢһͥˮⷢ¿ֻˡ
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271 ʵֻԼ
һģʰһֺ֮Ů˸кųš
ҲĴһ£ȻԼſڵŸΪ˵Ҫȥ磬ȥһûκܴŵĵط
ϸ룬ƺҲ֮ĵһʽԼˣҲЩŵġ
ܿ죬˷Ƽң˷֮ƽһɽʻ˹ȥ
Ϊ˹ý磬Ҳ˱Ǯǵǰѵ绰ػˣһΰɨƽϢĹܶˣѡĵصҲƽԱߵһɽϣΪ˾ǳ׵Զκε鷳κεŽԼᣡ
ʵڸУõԼصռ䣬һ磬ôԣĿǰûøôͷƽͣҲֻˣ
һʼǲͬȥɽϵģǼܲסĥӲݣҲͬˡ
Ҳǲɽµʱ̫ҲѾˣůϣҲʮֵ⡣
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˵÷عһٶǰµģÿµʱ÷һȥ۶ɫ÷Ļһ÷е㣬ǳ浱޷ݡ
ع˵ôҲǲɵĶǺŷΪľǿһع˵Ƭ÷
ãֻƻһ˿Ҳûһ˿۵ģе̾˿ŽڷǰóӺţɽأ˭֪ƾȻѹһ㶼ۣ
ϸһ룬֪϶ȪˮĹЧˣȪˮǵȫų˷ڵĺڹǿܣڵķƣʵҲһŵˣ棬Ҳòƺ
һڿعµһʯʯдС÷԰֣
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˭֪ȴûعͷȥЩ˵ôˣ÷԰ѾˣҲûκεˣϽ߰ɣ
ƲĿ÷˹ȥ䣬ָһ÷еˣҿˣ
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΢΢һ㶣ĿҲ˲ָķ˹ȥȻϡ㿴һ˴˿÷УҲ֪ǻ
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һǼҵսҿҲѣ֪սʲôˣҲ֪µ÷еǺ˻ǻˣҲǲ÷ƿԼŵ˹ȥ
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ӡĴСȷֻӡĺҲ׶ߣǧأ
Ѿˣʵĺܾˣ
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УʵֻԼѣΪʲô鷳ǻأ
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272 
ȻѾȷӡعеĺܾµģô˵ٵ⡰÷԰ȻǺܾ÷еˡ
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273 ץܾ
⻰ĸҲЩ棬æСҰʵʲôˣ
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СҰЩֵ˵
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СҰ߸Ҳֻ֪ǰʱͻȻүүҪȥһ飬ԸԸһȥСҰź棬Ӧˡ
ɽ֮СҰ֪ԭصүүץɽеһֻܾ
СҰҲûʲôѵģΪصүүһΪǿߣԸһֻȻҲǲڻ£Ҵʱֵ£ܾӦҲǴڶ״̬ģҪץ׾ٵ飿
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ȵܾ֮СҰʱ㱻ɵˣΪķֻܾȻǳĴվĻ׶ߣֻһűȻ֮ǰµĸ塣
ȻãôֻӲƴˣһСҰ֪ԼˣΪǰıȻܾܶκε˺ԷһëûܿҲˣΨصүүŹܶԺܾһЩ˺ȴˣ
ۼˣҲֻܳˣϾܾʵ̫ǿЩǸͲĶ֡
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Ȼ
̲ס̾˿˰ԼʶĶ˼Ĵˣغ͵ãҲѺˣȷȴʵʵڵĳˣ
ԼȷˣȻȷҲӦãǸܻǾеԲ
ֿ˿һĵأŰοˣҲˣҴӦ㣬һүүȳģ
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û˵ͷ˵Ǻܾɱ˵Ļôǿ϶ˣҶ϶үүڿ϶Ҳţ
֮ǰع˵ɽеĺܾһֱǼΪֵģû˵鷢ҿܾҲΪ˵õɣ֪ɱ˻ԼҵϣӦҲǲɱ˵ġ
ϸ룬Ҳ̫³çˣҪ֪ɽеĺܾǿعΪηĴڣһߣô͸ǰȥץ
ҲܾӺˣȻǸͺһȥСҰؿ϶ͻûˣǿСҰڵӣҲ֪Ǻܾʱֵʱ϶Ҳࡣ
ںܾΪʲôҪץȴǲ֪ˣǵȥ


274 СҰ
ƣȴɽȥɣڳңСҰ֮ǰȥǺܾѣλҴ·ɣ
һ֮󣬸ǰļ˷Ը
һ⻰ʱĵǡ
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ŸһļᶨƱ֪Լ϶ҲȰ˸ˣҲֻСһˡ
УҲ뿪Ҫһȥ
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Ҫǿˣڵ״̬ȥҲǰﲻκæģʱҲһȥ㣬㻹ǺһɽȥɣģҴӦ㣬һүүģ
⻰˲㰲˵ûڵ״̬ﲻκæģȥ˷ǻΪ׸ɽµˡ
ذŶԷƵ˵ͷȻƱɽȥˡ
ŸһͷȴǺСҰӰһ㿴СҰ÷ʲôûñ˳л
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СҰ˷ܵغŸæȥе̽һǻĹŴУԼıȻҲһѵõıǱлǲ˺üΣֻҪ֣ȻҲǲǺܾˣ
һ·ǰУȻҲһûһڼСҰҲ˸ʵݣҲֻ˵Լʦһλˣʦй¶κйʦŵϢҲǲ档
ԴСҰȻҲǱʾ⡣
ţȴЩһΪһֱЩ㲻СҰصʲôϵΪ¹ϵǰսǲ£һԲսսѣ
ϾδЩˣСҰΪʲôҪץܾأ֮䵽ʲôϵСҰϵʲôܣ
ţ̲סʵСҰи㣬֪ܻܲشң
ʰɣСҰһǰ·һ߶Ը˵ǺܾѻЩ룬еʱ䣡
һ£ſڵ֪ػҵʲôϵ
СҰ΢΢һ㶣ŻعͷΪʲôôʣ
ûʲôֻΪѣΪǶͨˣŸԵĲͬĿ꣬ȴߵһҸе֣
СҰЦЦҿʱҲǲܸˣΪ¶˵ͺʦŵһҪҿԸľǣΪ˺κˣ෴ģֻΪѰӻ
ӻʲô˼ѵĹҲܸӻ𣿡
ԽЩ
СҰɫһ䣬ֵԲҲ˵ԭң
˵ͷȻСҰ˵ȻҲǲǿˣǰʱعԼһСƣжʱһ
СҰƺǹҵĶҲʶķź֣ҿɣ
˵ţ㽫һСľƸ˹ȥ


275 
СҰֽסСľƣǰһʱЩסˡ
Ƭ֮ⶫôõģ
֮ǰҲڼҵʱ򣬼ˣҼ￴ŵĳȽ϶࣬԰Щ˸ˣⶫǴЩϵģ⵽ʲô
Ҳֱӱ㽫¸СҰ
СҰеСľƿһű㽫˿ڴȻ󼱴Ҵҵǰ˹ȥл㲻Ҫˣǻûע⵽ʱҪٺ鳶κεĹϵˣ
ȵȣСҰ㵽ʲôңȻʶʱ䲻ȴһֱ㵱ѵģʲôѵĻҿ϶ҲģЩ˼ȻѾҵңĻ𣿡
СҰ΢΢һ㶣ĿЩӵĿ˸һۣź̾˿߱˵ɣ
СҰ߸ϵı־һձϵа֯С顱Ǿ仰˼ǡ
֯ԴӳһֱǱձû֪ΪʲôڣҲû֪ǵͷ˭Ϊһ¼ΪصձҲ֪ǵĴڡ
СҰȴ֪ģΪǳ飬ִֻһʱѡ˱ѣ͵˶˵ΪҪĶ
̵ܱģοСҰ͵ǵĶСҰȻҲǳΪɱĿ꣬ɱֻΣҪȴҵǸСҰ͵ߵĶ
СҰܴ֪Լձ϶Ǵȥˣ취˻ģҽǸһΪεĳǵˣСҰǧټƵĺҴ˹ϵ
ĸȻձϵطȴҲǵĶĿȻҲ׾ٵıҵСҰʱСҰѾҴ˹ϵ֪ڻĵݺ͵λһʱҲǲĿŵٶСҰˣҲСҰٵǸ
ȡ֮ģǿʼйСҰһϣκˣΪǲŹκһҵǸķҲΪСҰ˼棬˵˼仰űĵˡ
ǻģҲǲһһֱҲ͵͵ĽŶѡ
ڴڼ䣬СҰҲǲֹһεҵңҰæݻǸΪСҰ֪ҵĴ˵ǿ϶а취ٵǸʧǣȴһֱҲûдӦ
һʱദСҰҲسΪѣСҰ֮ԻӦץ̶ܾܴҲϣ˵ļٵǸ
ԣ֮Щ顣
СҰ飬ȴЩ߱ʵ˵ǸʲôΪʲôǧټƵҪõ
СҰǰҡҡͷ˵㲻ҵģ˵ˣ϶ҲΪҷ˵ģ
˵˵ɣѾ̫飬һҲôԽܵģ
СҰŻعͷһ֣صĿװŵģ񣡡
񣿡
΢΢һ㶣֪ôģͻȻ֮ǰһձҲ񣬲֪Ҳûʲôϵأ
һ˲䣬ָæɢЩ뷨ȻСҰʵô£
ձ˵еаеǻĵ־Ǻ־ͬȴ޷ԼģһؽֹɱҾǴεжвҪʲôҪٵձȻӶձұǣ͵װĺӣ
㲻˵޷ƵųĻôҲǻİ
æʵ
ȷǲܱƵģȴǿԱƷģпƷľԴڣﵽĿĵʱֽƷСҰ˵ţ̾˿ıǵõĻôǻΪһڵʹãʱǵҵĹңȫ綼пܻᱻ𣡡
ʱʱĵͷȴǼΪм
˭֪ձʵǺܶǰӻķ֧ǵҲǴӻĵָģǴ˵еЩţָǻߵֲСܵǱȥһȦѡ
СҰеǸ񣬶ҲǺ͵ظʮ־һĴˣ⵹һֵļһӦҲڲģϾ⻪Ŀʮ־ĵ̣һļһ
룬⻰ȴǲ˵Ȼδе̫СҰˣԸǼװĻ
ţȴЩȻôΣգôСҰ˻ģҪͻȻǸӱô죿
˵Լ⣬СҰȴЦű߸ͨһķӡģûȷ⿪ӡķӣκηǲܴ򿪵ģѾһΪεĵط֮⣬ûκ˿ҵ


276 ܾ
ò˵˸ղŵ̸ͨСҰһµʶ׼һЩйʱǰСҰȴǺ˸ĶȻǵˣ
֪ȤıͣΪ֪ҪıǴӺܾоȳ飬ֻܵȵԺ˵ˡ
ǰֻǰͻȻһƬأԶĵطһ޴ɽСҰָģǸɽˡ
˵һﶬߵģͷܾͣҲûʲôˣɽﵹҲúˣ
ôʲô취
СҰһԶȻʵͷܾѾûκεİ취ˣֻܿˡ
ܶдʳϰߣܾܺǲǰʳҶҿ϶һɽҵİ취ܼ򵥣ȥͷܾȻȥֱ֮ɽȥɣ
أ
СҰʵ
ùңа취뿪
΢΢һЦɽ˹ȥۼˣСҰҲǸæһߣȻǱܾĴڣǿɾˡ
ȻЩĸҲ֪Դ֮Ȼôô϶ҲԼĴ㣬ֻҪȳͿˡ
ɽڲԶĵطͣڿһЩģǴɽﴫζʵЩ̫ˣʵ޷ٿˡ
ӵϼһȭͷСʯͷеһ΢΢һЦȻʯͷɽС
ˣ
˲㴫ʯͷʯϵ
Ȼţһš
üͷһ壬˵ⲻӦðΪʲôֻܾûзӦأѵôֶˣ
ţǰ׼Ǻܾѣ˭֪ʱȴǺһΪŨصĴϢ
ܾҪˣ
Ҵ⣬æ˼ͬʱµĵҲǺֻһͷͼΪ޴ĺܱӶ˳
ֻܵĵһۣб̲ס̾
ôĴֱֱ¥ôˣһֱһް԰޻Ҫϲ٣ǰȻʵ̫Сˣ
֮̾󣬸æָ˹һ֮ǰĺܾ˵ܾ֪ҵĻϸˣҽ쵽ĿĲΪץ㣬ֻΪ˾Ȼ֮ǰץֻ࣬ҪԹԵİǸ໹ҾͿˣȻҾͻ뿪ʲô
ܾȻþ޴󣬵䲢û˺࣬ҪץСҰصҲ飬Ըа취ԺƽĻûǲҪˣܾвѣҲԸʹ˻ĵС
𣡡
ȻشģȴһΪŭŭ
ðɣѾ֪ľˣȻҪôɣɾͲܹ˰
˵ű㽫֮УܾҲʱ׼

һȻ󡭡תܵˡ
ܾҲһ㶣ƺû뵽ǰһղŻһƵģôһͻȻˣֻһ˲䣬ַӦ˹ŭһ׷ȥ
ۿźܾ׷˿ƻǻţܾҲǶôĺʹԼֻҪܾԶĵطСҰȳ֮Ҳ뿪ˡ
ƻ൱ȾҲúͺܾĳͻϾҪһĻǶǻеˡ
Ȼһеǰǣܾһֱ׷Ÿô˳
NO
ۿԶĺܾͣȻ˱ӣб㰵һˣܾ϶ŵСҰζˣ
ȻܾĶҲӡ֤뷨ֶֻܾͺһȻŤͷ׼뿪
Ȼôʹ뿪أ
һ˲ƣ˲˺ܾͷϣȻ˫ֱæĳס˺ܾһԶ䡣
ò˵ܾϵëҲйӲģֱͺһִһ㣬ҲѹСҰ˲ˣ
оԼԴϺ˸ʲôܾһʱҲǼΪűԴҪͷϵĶ˦ȥ
ιιιҶҶĻǺΣյİòײһܣͲֵܰ𣿡
źܾһҡͷԣһʱҲЩվȣЩͱ˦ȥˣ̲ס
ܾһʱһû뵽ղǸԼļһȻ֪ʱͷϣűֱȻ޴ͷץ˹ȥҪ
Ȼ׼֮жʱֳУ


277 սܾ
䣡
ֻܾ̽ƣʮ׵֮иˣ֮пɲСҰձֻһ˲ںܾһѪۡ
ܾʹֻʼջû
ǽţȴǸΪ˲һŭȻ֫õԱߵһֳ˹ȥ
ܾӴ֮󣬼ֱͺһ̨һ㣬ľԶǱײˣȻסͷϸǱҵ֦ˣֻ·ˣ嵹ûˡ
ͬʱҲǸæаϣСҰܾ콫ȳҲܾˡ
ܾһ·ֱײҪͷϵĸ˦Ǹ˫ץĺܽ˦ҸղҪȥץʱҲǳ˿ͷܾһʱ䵹Ҳǲˡ
ȡ֮ģǸΪĿ񱼣һͨҲǰѸڵЩͷĿѣˡ
ţҰһֱĿһ˲㷢ֲԶĵطСҰηŻ˵ʱķȥܾ춯һʱҲ˹
СҰһͷ㿴˲ԶĺܾжʱһǽţֺվںܾԴϵĸǳԾ
Ȼˣ˼άҲǿ˲Զĺܾ͸ʱɲǷ㶵ʱ򣬸æߴСҰ졭ߣ
СҰ˲عŸæ˼ϣűʱķȥˡ
ۼˣܾʱΪҲ˲ͷϵĸˣŭһСҰ˹ȥ
ܾٶȼ죬Ǽӵʱ˾СҰԶĵطȻСҰ˿Ѿ֮ܽУǶںܾԣЩȴǸǩûʲô𣬲ܸκεı
ʱҲǼΪż׼ܾսռˣջסˣΪ˿СҰܱǷԼܣۿܾϾҪ׷СҰˣԼҪôأ
ţкЩŭȻһֻŲ˺ܾͷֻץźܾҲǺʹק˺ܾĶ䡣
ʱҲˣǶǺܾϱȽϴĲ֣˿̱ôһקܾʱʹŭ
СҰعͷЩԾĿĺܾ֪ʲôȻôʹࡣ
ŭʲôߣҿҪֲסˣ
Сһ㣡
СҰ仰ֿ֮ɽȥˡ
ϴľʹ˲úܾΪʱҲ˲ȥ׷СҰˣ̽ƽߵһȻԼͷ˹ȥ
˸ղŵĽѵܾҲȥץͷϸˣҪö
ۿһôԼɨ˹жʱһһ˲䣬֮жʱֳУץסܾĶ䣬ҪԼɨĴһϣ
˭֪ʱܾǶһԴȻӺҲ͵һᣬŵٷӦʱǿôѾɨǰ
룬ֻǸæ˫ۻסԼͷȻ˲һɼײϣһڵһķ˳ȥ
һϾɲռ䣬Ҳ֪ɨܻܲסԼ壿ٶ̫죬ûа취Լ塣
ޣ
鼱֮£ֻôһ
һ˲䣬ӺڿͣסˣǱŵƣ̧ͷһ㿴Լ˫ڿС
ģڷȥ
˿Ŷ޷ԸʱСҰҲԶˣҲûʲô˼ˡ
𣡡
𣡡
֮޺ŲԶĺܾͺܾȻҲǲʾ޵ͺֻҰ޵ĶԺ𣬵ΪЩ
ЩͷۣΪµѾЩԼļƻ֮ˣǼȻѾ޸˳ҪٻȥҲô׵¶ˣҶںܾղŵľٶҲЩˬ
ˣܾɣҲֻܾ֪Լ
ţ¶ע⣬ű޷Ըޣϰɣǧǵã
ںֻܾЩˬǷߺޣֻѵһºܾȡ
𣡡
һŭʱܾ˹ȥ
𣡡
ܾʾҲһŭ֮޳˹ȥ


278 VSܾ
ֻҰޣһϹޣһǲ֪˶ޣǵĿ񱼣ɽƺ
𣡡
𣡡
ŭ𣬺ܾ˲ײһ𣬽űһս
һվһԣִƿռһɹһ߿ɹһ߹ۿⳡս
޿ǼΪ˷ܵģ㲻Ҳ֪ΪֱҲûһʵĶ֣Щĸߴľ޶Ҳñǩһ㣬ʱѵһκļһ˷Źˣ
һﶷһǲϣǵĸ䷢飬ɽµķƺҲˡ
ЩȵʵΪʲôģѵɽϲֹкܾһ𣿡
ҡҡͷɫЩص˵ɽȻҲֻ֣ܾһֻѣһҲ֪ʲô
ƲɵñЩ
һߣСҰʱҲǱһһֻܾѾѶԸˣôֳһֻأҿƺҲǺͺܾһĴڣΪʲôĻôأձȻҲ֣Ǳߵ֣ձЩֻܱ֮Ϊˣ
ûԼ񣬸æֿɽȥˡ
ⳡУܾҪΪһЩǸΪ˷һЩսʵ˵ģȻܾޱͣޣȴҲֻ޸Ϊ˷ܰˡ
ܾצԼݣͲܶκε˺෴ģ޵ÿһιȴܻںܾ˺ۣ޵ľٶ˵ս˵ҪȷһЩ£ֱܾ޸ѹסˣ
ʱҲеɹֽеĹ˶˹ȥ߱ߵޣſɣֻ棬ûɱ
ͬʱһؽɫĻƽҲǺ˸У֮ǰõ
ԸֻЩ˵һߣȻЩδܾ˿ȴѾǱˣЩҲֻƤ˶ѣû˺ĸ
ۿŸԼ˹ܾкðһ⣬ŭһ˹
Ϊֱֻ㽫е˳ȥ
ܾӺڰֹסˣצӾֻʮֲȴҲ޷ǰˣΪ˲㽫ȻصˤڵأһƬ
ڱĽʵʵĺܾǰȻ֮ǰӦýҵģȻҲô鷳ˣ
ܾպ޵ĶŸȴǲͣҪ춼Ϸһÿģ
˺һֹܾͣȴǺһ仯ĸЩԾɵñ
ֻܾϵëʼۿɼٶҲСӵĹ򣬺ܾǱһֻһֲ̿ˡ
ı仯ϵҲǸʼսסˣ
ǱˣܾҲʮֵĸߴ󣬴Թһ£Ҳ׶ˣټ±ըһļ⣬ҲǲɵĽ
֮ǰʹع֪˺ܾԱ仯ϢԸҲûжôĳԾ
ֻһ˫Թ޵øΪˬ
һﻹϲư
̾˿׼кһºܾʱ򣬺ܾ㿪ˡ
ʲôˣ
΢΢һЦÿ˰ʲô˲ҪҪӦ׼ô㣡
ߺߣܾһЦȻ챻׽ˣôҾû׼ȥˣҪõҵڵȴˣԸڵڵԱҲԸõ
ڵ΢΢һ㶣ֵ˵ɣҪʲô
ˣ㻹ʵʲôαҵǲõģİɣ
ܾ˵
¸ԽЩͿţ֮ǰȷ飬ʱȷץ˹ΪĺҲ
ѵץܾΪҲ
뵽㿴ܾʵ˼˵֮ǰץһˣΪֻ
ܾŸҲЩɻΪƺ֪飬ҪԼȡԼӦҲʲô£ʵûбҪԼİϷ
Ĭһ֮󣬺ܾʵ㵱治ҵڵģ
ڵȫôҶ֪Ҫ𣡶ҪɱĻ㻹ܻֻΪ˾˶ѣ
˵⻰㽫˻ȥ


279 ˵ִ
ûܾ΢һӣƺǲôŸһ˫۾Щɵ
Դ˸Ҳûа취ʼûдɱֻܾҲֻΪʱСҰȳѣȻѾȳˣôҲӦùˣеʣֱȥˡ
ţԺܾ˵㲻ҲûйϵҵĿѾﵽˣһҪȰһ䣬֮ǰҪץ˻ģ´λԻץģ㲻뱻ץĻôȰ㻹ǸϽ뿪ɣ
뿪뿪ȥѾǰһˣѾ޴ȥˣһͲڿԼˣ
ܾ˵ţ˫¶һ⡣
Ǹ˶ƢοǸ֣һεģ飬ǴˣҲ޷ȥԼˡ
Ǹ֪ҵһǻץܾģΪ֮ǰȷٵڵǶ˵ִţ϶Ҳ˶ˣܾ˿϶ǻģ
ʱǿ϶ҲбܾȻǿȴҲδ˵Ķ֣ʱø޵³
̾˿ֶԺܾ˵ԸĻҵǿ԰ȥһطֻǸطȥˣͲٳˣȴǲκˣ
˵ĵطȻԼռˡ
ܾʱҲѾȷ֮ǰҪץԼĲһˣȻղűһ٣ǲûôϣ˵󣬱ҡҡͷлĺ⣬ǲ뿪ģ
Ȼˣôף˰ɣ
ЦЦűתﵽޱ׼뿪
㵽ʲôˣ
ʱֺܾʵ
ӵеʵ̫ЩµҲޱȵǿ󣬸ղĻѱͷ޸ɱˣ
΢΢һЦ´ԵټĻڸɣأ
˵⻰ޱɽ·ȥˡ
˿̣СҰҲǽɽ£ˣǿ޵Ĳˣһ߿һ߰ϵ˿ڣСҰҲΪСʱɽ·˿Ҳ۵Ĳˡ
ڷƣһĵǰɽϣΪ˿̻ûл
쵽ɽµʱͣսռ֮ɽ˹ȥ
ʵڵҲôÿ֮ǰܾ򶷵ʱ򣬺ܾܽһƬϵ·ҲǱ֦ˣҲЩۣϾһһ·ֵأ
䣬ֻԶĵطͻȻһӰ˲˹ȥ
뻳һеҲֵˣ
ƽصҲǸæ˿ϾΪ˾ŲϧյģǸʲôôҲǻⲻȥġ
ǼһϵˣֻһЩϸСĻˣƺڵק֮ɵģ֮⵹ûʲôصˣԲѵԭ򣬶ҲǺ֮ǰСҰһΪ̫ƣˣʱغСҰ߿ţҲǲֱٽȪˮóˣֻǰ͵ҽԺ
ҽԺһᣬȷûʲô֮Ŵŷƻؼȥˡ
֮Ѿˡ
æһ죬ûã鵹˲٣⻹øЩ
ϴ裬»һ·˳Ȼ㿴͹кڿ죬Ů˵Цģһʱ䵹Ҳڡ
ʱ䣬Ҳǻص˷䣬Ϊ׼ȥһ½û©ʲôҪ
Ľ˿ΪɨƲûнյɫϢǱϢ˲٣һЩҪɨϢЩȥȥʵνģԸѹҲǲ̫ںģֻǴԵɨ˼۶ѡ
ǽţһ㶣Ȼʶ˲һϢϣϢȻǺɫģȴ˸ע⣡
ɨɨɸ󣡡
ɸɸⲻǾŮסĵط𣿡
˵ȴǲЩɻΪҪ֪ŮۺĸŮҲͥλˣΪʲôɸȴǺɫģ
ѵΪ˱ӣ
Ȼɻ󣬵Ǹ»ǾһҪºСõϢգ⴫˵еŮҲǳ˺棬֪Ůǲ˵еôƯأ


280 ̯
ŮĴ˵Ӧþˡ
۵߸ŮμҲмأֱǺŮŮŮŮŮŮŮĴ˵˵ıŮ
ഫʱڣһնƶǮȥĸףֻΪūʱǡñ˼Ů֪ˣŮܸж˽Ͷ˰֮á
ɷǴʴ۵֪ʱ֮ʮŭŮ죬ŮȲΥֺΪԼẦöֻܺ붭ڵ޻֮£ȥ
ţ֯ŮλŮɾͲҵĶˣȻţ֯ŮҲܿ࣬֯ŮţӣȻ˼ÿҲܼһ棬ŮȴǺͶֱˣ
ô˵ѾȤˣϾȥͥǼλ˵еŮڴ֮ǰҲλŮҪӦһˣ
ϾͰе鶼߷ƣ̯ƣôţԼҲЩˣȻԺҪԼͥʮµģƻü
Թ֮󣬸÷˵Ҫʧ󣬷Щ棬˱Ӧ
һѽԼķ䣬ȻŶһĺ˵С꣬Ϣ֪𣿡
˯š˵Ž㻹ƽ棡
ȿȣ
һһɫĶԺ˵ϸдҪƽҪɣ
ʲô°һʵҿԲμ𣿡
УǴ˵飬Сǲܲμӵģ㻹ǹԹԺ˯ȥɣ
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ɫ΢죬ƺ뵽ʲôűź˵С꣬߰ɣˣ
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287 
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ҸֱŷӦ˹ģֲʪˮڣԭŮϴĵط
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ҡҡͷС˵ô֪ô찡µģԼȥɣ


288 ԯ
¸ɲˣ˵ҪѾð͵Ůϴ裬ܷô¶ôѾڵȹˣ
ţô͵ļһﻹˣҪĻô鷳𣿡
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УҲǰ˸һ漴ûĿҲ֪˶ãֻԽԽƧκһӰͣ
˼ڴʵǸҸ𣿻ղΪʲôҪң
ΪΪʲôѾĻΪʲôŴ˵һǵ죬Ȼ͵ϴ裡
⻰һڣ˶ʱ㼱ô˵أҸղŲǶ˵ұ͵Ƕ˭֪ڣҶûɶ뷨İղѹʲôû
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ǳ˳飬û뵽һȻôķϻǰԼһʵ̫Ҫˣûѻ˵꣬ϵѾ˭
Ŷ⵹ˣʵҽԯڣϹԯƵ۵ĺˣҵĸ׾ͥպԯ죬ٰݶʥǣ̨֪Ǻˣ
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һ⻰еҲûжĳԾΪͥµģЩɶҲûˣһĺ̨ҲȷӲȻϹԯʵ۵ĺˣҲѹ˵Ϊˣ
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֪ˣôܣԯҡҡͷ˵²ܴôģˣ㵽˭
ߺߺߣЦűҾеǸɨǣ

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Ҫǳ˵ĻͰе鶼Ƶɨͷϣڿ϶ǲˣԼղҲǹɵûԷݾȰԼݸڿɵܵ˺ܲˣ
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ҡҸ㰡ɵˣղ͵ϴĿɲֻһ˰ԼʱҲģڿ˩һϵˣҪҳʲôµĻҲܲģ
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һ뵽ԯڶʱЩ


289 
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ԯʱǿɨǵݽģǴҲɨǵ뿪ģ¸Ҳô취Ҳвͨˡ
ҲѲΪͥɶϵķȻҲǲ٣ָһɫĽָȻݵ˸С
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ͻȻһű㰵һˡ


290 ׷ɱ
Ҫ֪˪Դ۴͸ҲֻʹһζѣһΣ˪Ϲһͼ͵ϴɶ˫ĿȻһŽ䵽˷䡣
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ȻҲǸĺöһܲһƲˡ
±һ󼤶ö˲ð˳
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ϸ֮ǰ¶ʮֿ϶һǿԼϳԼݣбҪȥ˽һһʲôŮȻԯѾ˵ˣǸﲢôǸһ
֪⻰ʲô˼ǴضƢƷУõģͥǿɶ˽֪¶ѵϲض𣿡
˵Ц˹
һЦһʱҲǲ֪ôشˣȴǲ˿ԯ˵ӦҲˡ
˭֪ʱֵϲϲǿǧܺȻضǻĺܿµģǰйӣһһضϴʱȥ͵Ȼ󡭡
Ȼôˣ
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ʱҲǱƵû·ˣûŵĵؽ磬ҲӲҲֻǿĵֿš
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񣬿ɾԲһСŮе


296 ϵ¸£
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˵Щ֮òԼһĴָǰô֪ԼĿڲôõģ
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307 ô죿
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311 
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312 
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314 ޾
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뵽վԯ˾֣ȻлʥǿЩƲǺ⣡
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΢΢һЦضʥǣСּӷеɨǣҲŭǾͽܣ
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뵽ԯֵСѣ֮ǰŭǾСԯڣ֪ǵŭǾˣȻŭǾ
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¶ҲЩݣԥһʥǣСɾ¶ҹӱȽϺãСʵҲǲÿڣ
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ԯ˵ͷŸæȥˡ
ԯȥӰҲ˿漴һεĶɨ˵˵ʦ˼ҶʥǶˣͲܸɫ𣿡
ɨǰ˸һ۵㶮ƨҪǸɫĻͻ֪¶ɶҪ¶ҲϣΪʦӣǼһ϶ҲǱŵˣ¶Ϊʦзִ磬ԯʱԹԱͺˣΪʦ˵㿴Ϊʦ粻֮࣡
ϣȻô˵ˣһ˵Щʲôأǵ¿ɾͿ˰
˵Ŀ㲻ɵϵľƲ˹ȥ룬Ϊ飬ûüأҲôһˣ
ͬʱһƫ
ʲô˵Ҳӣеĵطҹ𣿡
ԯЩż˵
ؼǹӿȥĵطСĶҹˣȻҲӣ
ǻһµ˵
ԯЩͷ۵ͷԼδµĻ»СȻҲˣ¿ЩΪϵˡ
ĶǸ˻֣ǻˣţԯȴǾֱ˶ڵһ䳡ڣ䳡ڵһǽϣ˿һ澵һĶǾ沨ԣȻҲͨһƬδ֪硣
ԯ󱦣Ի޾ӿͨսһǱԯΪĹʹõģ޾һһΣͱٵȵ֮ٴοԯһû˿ҵĵطĻôʣ޾ڵսΪʵѡˣ
ٶٶڲ棿
վ޾ǰԯ㺰ԯڵ֡
Ȼϣû޾㷺һȻԯڵӰ˳
ô֪Ⱑ
ԯЩʵ
ԯЦҡҡͷĴ˴Ƕ㵽޾еģ

ԯʱ򣬶ʱ㰵һˣ϶ǱСɨǸˣѾɱˣû׼Сɨأ
뵽æ¶ҽͰѹͲ˵
ȵȡô£
ԯԯʱһ˵ѵСϵĲֹɨǣ


315 ӵ
ô֪𣿡
ԯҲЩסˣ˵⵽ô£ѵĲ
Ϊ˵յŭǾҲǶɨǴͽСɨˣҪ㣬ΪҪ֪㵽ʲô£ΪҲ˵ô£ѵ㻹𣿡
ԯЩɲ˵
ɨǣͨǸ¸ˣϾϵڣɨҲǶٻЩӵģǵô¿ûô׽ˣϾ۵Ů
ʲôȻǸСɨǣԭû
ʱԯںţȴǸϽͣΪ˿ԯѾЩŭ
˵㵽ʲôȻͬʱɨǺӣ𣿡
ԯŭ
ʱѾ϶ˣԯڿ϶ͬʱɨǺˣ鷳ҲǴˣ֮ǰǵȸԯڵʲô£ȻȻɨҲ֪ô˵ˡ
ԯҲһŤܸܲԯ˵ʵҲûɶ¶ðɨȻȥ͵Ůϴ˰ɣ
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˵⻰޾˲ָֻ֮ǰģﻹԯڵӰ
ӣ
ԯ޺޵һ䣬ȴҲֻ޿κε뿪ˣΪ޾ʱ䣬Ҳ򿪵ģ
ԯڵǶ㿪ˣΪϵԯȴҲ㲻ˣԯڻĿӵˣ
뿪䳡ԯ쾶ֱɨڵƫ˹ȥڼҪ֪ԯڵǸʲôԱӦĴ㣡
ƫʱ򣬱㿴ϵľƲѾɨʦͽԹˣ˶ĴűãԯҲŮʰһӣȻһеĿɨǵŭǾСǷʲôˣҰɣ
ôأû𣿡
Ա֮ɨ׼ˣԯ⣬Щɻ
ԯ΢죬ŭǾС֪Ѿȥ޾˼ȥˣ
޾Сӵͦصİɨǵص޾ҲҲ湻ģ
ۣ
⻰ʱԯжʱһ˵⵽ô£Īԯڷµ»ܾҪĻǿɾˡ
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ۿʱˣװҲװˣɨһ˵ԯ죬֪֪ǸӸʲô£
첻֪ŭǾ֪
ԯĸˣҪȥˣһĶɨʹɫ
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ͽΪҪ˵ײĽϴԡأôţӾȻҲ棬Ȼʹˣһ򣬾ͱˣͽܵСıˣܵÿ죬ûп
һֱͽܻǲǰӵİӴɸ˳Ȼӵ·ˣͽȴˣǹһ·׷ɱҪĻĽˣ
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ɨ˵⻰վȻһ˦һŭģ
ԯҲŵĲᣬʱҲ׹Ϊʲôԯڻ޾ˣ
ӣȻҴôĻ£
ԯ޵ȴҲް취Ϊԯô˵ҲĶӣ¶ʼջǵƽɨǵ黹ýȴһʱûˡ
ˣ黹Ժ˵ɣȽɨǵҪģ
ţԯ׼ڸɨǸ˭֪ʱɨǺֿˡ
Ϊص¶Ҹ㣡ǣ׷ɱͽܵʱһСĸ䵽ȥˣȻҲ֪ô£ȻһʮСŮһķҲǱˣҸԯ죬Щ¶㵽ҶͷϣҪǲҸ˵ȥȥ
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316 ȻȪ
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ɨһһۣѰԯŵһһ㶵ģﻹȥۣ
Ϊ˶óȷʵԯڣУεһֱǼΪĽɫҪ浽ǰԯڿ϶ҪصĴˣ
ðɣ
˽ɸ󣬴
͵ϴ裬
䷲䣬ҷʧ
⼸Ҳǲˣ
ԯԯһ磬ƽʮֵĳ磬ôȥأ
һɨǺżۣԯæɨǺɲɣŭǾ»ĪҪȥˣ
Ŷɨüëһ۵ĻҲԣҽˣһ˵
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ۼˣҲ˿ΪʹɨڿϺúõ̸̸Ľ취ˣ
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Ӧ漴˳ȥ
һ̱ԯڸԼƶ˳Ȼԯڵ֡
ԯڣôĶϽҹ
ʱڴһɻ
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ԯ˷ܵƶϴ˳
ˣѾıҳˣھأϽҹһҪأ˵Ҳ˵
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ԯ˵
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˵ű㿪ʼƶ·ͼͥƵĳЩܣʵ˵ҲͲ˼ֻˣͨʹãɨƾĻܹܡ
ԯڸСƶȴǲ࣬ΪһԽֻܺԯڶԻҲֻʾĵͼӦþ˽˵绰֮Ķˡ
һ·ϣȻҲѲߵǲ֪Ϊȴûһ˸סԼӦԯѾкˣﳩͨ衣
ʱԯ˵䳡Զı㿴һֵľڲԶǽϣǾӾȻ֮ǰ֮·࣬ӦҲһͨ𴦵ͨˣ
֣ѵԯղ˵޾𣿶ԯڴ˿̾澵
Щȷ뵽ָæСƶԯڣģҵ˵䳡ˣ
ţԶľϺַһȻԯڵҲǴ˳
⣡
ֻһۣʱĲһֱǾ˹ȥ
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սôĿӵذɣսȪʱȪ
Űԯڵûƭ㣬սҲǷֵȼģֻ˵ȼ͵һսѣ˵ʵʮʱսˣսҶûκΣյģİɣ
ģôķĸƨѾĵǺˣΪҸô죿
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ԯ´һ˵
ˣҲ㳶ˣҽĿľΪ˸㣬׼ʵʵ˵ˣҾӦǿԭҵģҪбµĻ⾵һӰɣ
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317 ף
߰û˵ôҪ˰
ۿŸת׼뿪ԯһӾЩżæ
ղЩŵˣҪǸôɵĻôԼǵԶˣȻȫǱϾȲͥҪһӵĻǻһɱأ
عͷű㿴еԯѾǴȪվż
ôڿϺú˵ˣ

ԲԲ𣬸ղҲԣѾ׼ˣۻһ°ɣ
ԯһ˵һ߳Ȫֻֻһ̿㣬ϰ֮㽫һԵ·ϡ
һ⻰ҲǲżˣΪЩ黹Ҫԯһµġ
ʲô˵㲻Сİȥ˼䣬ʧ֪ôµıһʮҵСŮ
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ԯһ֮ɫĶŸ˵
㲻÷ңΪ˵׻ʦѾȫƵˣİ취أ
ЦЦ˵
ʲô㡭ôôɰ·ֲңƾʲôЩ¶Ƶͷϰԩԩ
ԯ˲
ԩƨԼ˵˵Ҫðȥɸ͵ϴĻᷢô¶㻹˵¶ûϵҽĿľΪ˸㣬ѾҪˣҾӦû¶㣬ҿɾͲұ֤ˣ

ǡҪĻҲ𣿡ԯһ˵㲻ôҰɣôԩ˵Ҫ͵Ǿˣѹû͵
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ԯһ⻰ʱ֪¶϶޷ˣֲֹøΪ˵ûȷʵģֻ̾һ˰
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żżʲôãֳȥҾǳȥˣҲûɶ취ͳµʱúһˣ
ԯ˵ţı۾һģ
ðɣȻҲͲˣһǰ˵ЩûģԸԸôҾͲұ֤ˣټɣ
ۿԯȻҲ޻˵ˣ漴뿪ˡ
֮ǰƫ֮УԶľɨǶеЦ֪ɨǿ϶ǵ˲ٵĺôˣ
ͽܿҪ㣡
߹ʱɨǸæԸ֣ȻһСƿݵ˸С
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һϲźһҪ⣬ɨʵʦҵ»صǻе鶼ģص֮ͥôԯڲΣ𣿡
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ף
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ţ˵ʦĵʲô취Ҫ֪࣬һɱԯѾõˣôǻԯڳأɺҲǲܳ׵İɣ
㲻ȻԯڿӣɱԯڵĻ޸ԯˣֻҪǽ˷ޣҲ޻˵˰ɣʱɱԼɷ˵ʲôɲܳףģͥԽɶǿԳ׵ģֻҲɺ֮䣬ɷܽϵģ
ɨĸ
¸ǳˣǲ֪ԭ֮ͥҲǿ̸ģ˼ͥĳЩҲȫȷġ
һҪԯڳףб㲻ɵЩŤΪԯûѵĻӦûпӵģԼĿӣѵԼҲȢ
һ뵽ʱ˸Ժʱ㸡ֳ׷ɱԼĳ
ˣ޸ˣǽԯһɣ
СѣʱҼٶ֮ʱһҪ
ԯһϲɫĶԸ˵
ǳ˳飬˵°ֻûһƲأ㵹һӾ뵽֮ʱˣٶδҲ̫˰ɣ
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Ц治ܣһϢҪ㣬˿϶Ὺĵģ
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ģԲǺ㣡ղȥʦʱôţǾȻ뵽İ취ˣ취ǵǿԾ㣬һóԸ㿪İ

ǱߣͻȻ㴫һˮԯѾǳˡ
㲻ƭҰɣôõ¶
ԯھɲ˵ôҲ޷Ÿ˵顣
ƭʲô㲻ҵûϵĻܹŰɣû´Ļ˶ͻ¸ˣ

УˣôڿԸ⵽ôһ˰ɣǵ׼ʲô취ң
ԯڼеʵ֮ǰѾԼ϶ˣû뵽ȴǴһϢͺñǽ֮˿һݣ϶ܷŹˣ
ʵ취Ǻܼ򵥵ģЦڴ֮ǰҵȹϲһ£ү
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ԯںɻʵȫҲ㲻⻰ʲô˼
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Ц˵
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Ϊ˭İ취ȻʦˣɱҸȥڷǿмҵˣǾܲˣȻӦþͻ˵ˣ׼׼үͰ
Ҹ²ɵİѹͲϲôȢأвУҾԲӦ
ԯھܾ
̾˿˵Ҳûð¿Զģ㻹ǵȻȥɣؾֻܰͥͿˣϣһŻ˼أȲ˵˰ݰݣ
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ŵķΧ˲ֻص˼䡣
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319 
ôҲû뵽Լһ˲ȻῴһʱѾǲݶˣæֱۻסԴ
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Ҫ׵ıһǻ뿪ػڸߵȴֻ׵ĻûиĶֻΪԼԼͥ׻ǰҲûκôġ
ȻղųһƹȴһҲΪͷ󺹶޿κεģﻹΪġ
飬û°ɣ
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ԯڡԯڡԯڣһҪɱ㣡
ҧгݵ˵ϵĺ˼֡
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˵
ɶԻ˫Ŀ
ʱεҡҡͷȻֱ㽫еСˣ֮˹
Ѿͷѵһǲˣ


320 Ҳȥ
žžž
϶ʱֹί顣
ɨǣһҪɱ㣡
仰Ѿ˺öˣͲܻһ𣿡
ЦŻһ˵
ɨ̫ˣȻҲĶ֣ǵһָ֮һŹģ
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ӡ飬ǵȷɱԼ߲ڵԼ۾ʱڸɣ
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ָָϣȻҡҡͷǲصͥȥģ
΢΢һֵ֮ǰǳҪȥ𣿡
֮ǰ֮ǰڣ֮ǰûЩ¶ԯҲȥ޾УһȥҲûа취ɱǻᱻʺĸȥڲȥˣ

㵽ڻɱԯڰͷû׼һʱǾͳˣʱ㻹ıɱ׷𣿡
ɨǣҸ㣡ԸҲ޸ԯڵģ⻰òҪ˵ˣȻǲŹģ
ŭ˵
ЩЦΪԯڵʱԯڵķӦҲǸ࣬ԯڵǲܳɹˡ
ҲԽԽԯڵĻˣԯڶԴԸȷʵǲ͵ϴģ
һһıǿдյһӣû׼û붴ʱ򣬾Ͱԯڸɵˣ
֮ǰΪ޸ԯֻɨǺԯһԸ뷨ѣϾͥĹ˵ȢȢģ
һķӦ֪²ûԼ򵥣۵ŮûǱˣԯҲϹԯƵ۵ѪԯƵ˭ǿ˻ʰ
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£ʵڲ˵ġ
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321 Լ
æ˵ͷûڻصͥҪ˼һʱ䣡
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˵ֻҪԯȥǰôۺĸǿ϶Ӧģ
ʱҲûа취ˣֻǵţȵԯڴ޾гȻٻȥͥһɱֻҪԯһôҲǳ׸洵ˣڼ䣬Ҳܻȥͥģ
ԸҪջ޿κεĴӦ
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323 ض
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324 ݸƨع
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325 عͽ
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ǸղŻޱƬ̼˿Ȼˤ飬Ҳһ˲䵹ˣ
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ع߸ʵƽоôһˣһʮҵˣΪʲô󹦵عͲ֪ˣعֻ֪ھɽǱ˸ģ
عĹºͽͣ׸ղŵôˣͬʱعеĴ󹦵֮Ҳǳ˺ܴȤع˵ĳܾãԼܻܿõˡ
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ˣعȻǸˣȻͥˮڸ˵ʲôǶһС˵ǼΪѵõı
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327 ֻܾһ
˿̣ڵѾЩסˣΪعԭΪԼĵ
Կݺæӭȥ
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Ը±˵ͷȻһص˵˼΢ЩˣʮֵΪ̫ϲ̸ۣǵ»ǲҪ̸۹ˣ
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ϣҿ϶ʲôµİɣ
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328 һľ
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ܵĵϸģ˵ʱҲʮԺɫӦǰеϣάļһˣ
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330 Ǳ
Щҵĵӣ֪ΪΣķζͳһһϮɫҳϻӡһӡǣӦǼһĶ
һֻҪ⵹ùϵĳȻԼϣôԼͿԴҡڵ߽ȥˣ
뵽ʱҪǿԲκ˾ȳܾôֲֺΪأ
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±ǰùϵĳȻԼϣΪ˲˷ùֽùϽ
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331 ܾ׼
˰죬Ҳ벻ףҲͲˣкӵˣܾѾǱץˣĻҲͲҪ˵ˣϽֻӳˣȻ׼һ°ɣҹٹ˶ãǾ͸ôֻܾɽȥˣ
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ܾһ⻰ȴǺЩ˵Ҳ֣֮ǰо࣬ȴҪоң⵽Ϊʲô
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ԣܾϵǰѶ̽ȲŰɣȵѡ֮ڰεҲ٣
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΢΢һ㶣ܾɽ֮У޵ֻ֪һķţ˽ָܾһ顣
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ѵûǸղ˵ҪǱץȥ˵Ļû˲˵ڵҲᱻȥˣȻиҵģ㵽ʱֻܻһ˱˿еʳѵһҲ𣿡
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ܾΪʵ̫޷ˡ
Щ鲻˵ǲˣҲգҶҪˣͰе鶼ɣ֪ûȤҵĹأ
ܾŸ˵
˵ͷֽһƬУű˵ɣҲûʲô¶


332 
ܾǧǰʱɽеľɲ㣬ɽлŲٵܾʱֻһֻճСܡ
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ʱɽȻڶ࣬Ƕûлεı£ԡˡӺܾǵһο
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ԺֻܾȻҪܡ
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ڱܵķӦܾȾܣ˭֪ͷֻ³һ֣ܾȻͶˣֻĵԼͷץסˣ
˭֪ʱԶĵطȴǴһХȻһֻξ޴ĻͻȻ˳ܾϵֻΪֻɱԼĸ֡
ǻξ޴󣬱ʱĺܾ˵ֱһһˣԲƶĻܾ֪ο϶Ҳһˣʧȥ˫׵ĳȴ̲סǻͺ
˭֪ʱһֻȴͷϣȻֻܾһСܣãͲˣǵҲģǳֻˣֻ࣡
ţںܾ𾪵ĿУͷȻѴ֮ĽֻնɱˣҵͿʼɱܾͷղ˵ʱ򣬾Ѿǻָжˡ
Ǻܾûߣͷߡ
ͷôֻܾԼ⣬һܾȥвСһôߣٲҿҪԵ˰
ܾһ⻰ȻҲЩ˿һЩ룬ʼջû뿪ڲԶĵطǸֵͷ
Ǹͷϣһúܾ˵ĸоָоȻúܾһ˿֮УԱŲˣ
ͷ״ҲֻЦҡҡͷδ˵Щʲô
⿾֮ͷ±õĳܾʱӼޱȣȻҲȥǻ⣬ΪηͷһʱҲǲǰ
˭֪ʱͻȻžһ죬һðĻǰ̧ܾͷһ㷢ͷһЦеԼ
СһǹƤģ͸ԵģϽȥĸĸɣˣϿǺܲȫģ
ܾʱֻһֻͨСܣȻҲԣͷĻȴװףǿܵͷߣܾԼԸͷԼ飬Ȼæͷ˺ҧϵǿ黢
ͷһ⻰΢΢˵ͷԭˣԭļѱֻɱ˰ɱֻҲΪ㱨ˣ
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ûãһһܱǶԱˣͷҲĵĽȻʼܾ˹¡
ͷСһ֪˭
Ⱥܾͷֵ˳ңtuanҲŷҡӣСһ϶ǲ֪ҵģΪɣ֪ʲôͬ١ԣǾɣ
˵̾˿һһţ˯ɣΪ˼˯ҪƽҲûʲôϴ˯ĵصûѡãȻɸֻӴ칬ģҾȻǱ򵹷ˣһӡסˣ˵ԩԩ
Ȼʱĺܾģֻǵһ˫С۾
˵˵ţҲԾȤȻ˹Уű㿿ںܾ˯˹ȥ
ܾһӣȻҲ˯˹ȥ
Ȼһ⣬ǳϾҲһΪǿɣҪԼıͻƷӡҲʲô£Դ˺ʱ㿪ʼɽʼնһֻܡ
գۼ䣬ʮȥˣյСѾһֻ޴ĺܣΪÿչۿĹϵܾȻҲ޳ǣȻǳΪһֻܾˣ


333 ʦ֮ɱˣ
ɹˣڳɹˣҵķڻˣ
ĳһ죬ɽеĳһͻȻһΪϲĻǺܾȴôҲ˲
Ϊ֪һָյķôҪصͥȥˣԺҲˡ
Сܣ
΢ЦŶԼĺֵܾ
ܾ˹ȥϽ֮ɫ
Сܣʦͽ֮ȴѾʦͽ֮ʵұҪȥˣ֮ʱ㺰һͽɣ
ܾԣ±æȻʦ
Ǻܾ֮ǰˣԼҲףһֻСûʸΪһɵͽܵģ԰ʦһֱҲֻѣ滽Լһͽܾﻹ̵ס
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ʦģͽڴ֤ͽԲɱκһ࣡
ܾĵ˵µĲԼԺҪٵǺԼµᱻӵԼΨһϡ
⻰΢Цŵ˵ͷȻֵѳԺȻҲſԳʵĻᣬԵĻԻټģذɣ
˵⻰ȥˡ
˺ǧУܾܵˡߵĲɱÿ׵ĽЩǰɱԼɱÿһٱ֮еɱ¾֮ɢӰˣ
ǧܾ꣬δɱκһࡣ
Ϊֻǳ֮ʱǾ仰
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Ҳ˯ѣ˵浱˯õģ򵥵˵ɣ˯˯ţһͳһˣ
֮Ҳǰ޹˺ˣ濴˯ʵȴѣķȴɲһ
ˣĪҪС棬һ㲻֣һ֣ȴҪˣΪӦڴ޽ɼңҲͥһλˣ
ǰֻܾȻͽܣ
˵ͽδЩΪܾδйʦ֮񣬵ʵҲˣϾܾҲΪſǣ֮Ҳദʮ֮ã
Ҳ֪ͥǧʱûгʮꣿ
ܵ˵ܾҲһɶõĺͽˣΪǧǰһ仰ԼԸץסɱҲԸΥǧǰԣڳ棬Ҳˣ
ļһҪԼСܣǻʲôĵģ
ɣһ˵׵ģǺһԵĶ߲ǺܾޱĶ
ĿǰΪֹûͥǸɺܾɵģ
Ͼܾ޷ıˣ˵ȴΪҪĶˣ
ܾȻʲȴбĳǾԻĹã
ǧȥˣܾģҲһʮ˶ѣܾ뻹ڻǧˣʱڲ׾δؾͲˣ
Ȼǰܻ꣡
ִԱߵĿһƬ⣬һ߷Žһ˵ȻˣôΪʲô¸߸ЩҪץأôôȥץһɵͽܣ
ܾҡҡͷǻҵĻһ˼֣ôܻͥʲôϵҡ
ܾ˵һ룬ȴȻֹˣĿҸղ˵Щ𣿡
ЦЦҵȻˣȻڷûʲô̫ͥһ˲õأƽʱû˾ϲ˯һ˯ģҲûʲôԼģҪлһģ
ܾһ⻰ϵɫʱһ䣬㡭㵽˭


334 Ҿ
ûмشܾĻִԱߵĿһȻŽؽ
Ҳ֪ҵõʲôϣ⿾õζ̫ζˣ֪УֻصѾһˡ
˸ãִƿռһƿȪˮһȪˮ֮󣬸Ķ̲סߺˡ
ܾҲδ˵Щʲôֻ֮ǰ޹˿ȴǱ
ΪʱԺͻȻðһΪ󵨵뷨Ķ˵ˣ
Բԣ
ܾ˲ҡҡͷԼ֮ǰǸ󵨵뷨
ȻȻƿعȻ֪ʦǡҲܻǡ
Ҿ񰡣
ںܾޱȽŵʱ򣬶ͻȻðôһ䣬ܾȻ̧ͷȻ㷢Ѿߣ˿һЦĿ
⡭ⲻܣܾôܻҵʦңͥɶǡ
ǲ·ǰɣЩͶ˵˵أȷʵûǷΪҲһĿǰ˵ǰ˰״̬ûϵһһΪɵģ
ǡȥͥ𣿡
ܾʵ
ȻˣͥĿǰΪֹûҲȥĵطΪҿͥɨȿȣֵͥմ񰡣
Ȼֵͥմ˵ȽϺЩǰ˴ֲǣ
ܾѾЩˣȻ֮ǰͷʱ򣬾Ѿ֪ǰ˲ܻһˣôҲûҰϵһ
ڣȴɲˣ
źܾЩ㶣̾˿㵽ڻǲôҰûϵԺعһˣعӦ֪ɣǱɽܵǸ
ܾһ⻰һ㶣֪֪ôˣ֪𣿡
ȻҼԺˣΪĿܾ˵˵⻹ɵĺ£˵һ֣û¸˸Ҫȥһع鷳ѵͲعϱͥ𣿡
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Ҳ̲סһֿڵòң֮Ҫȥع鷳Ϊľͥע⣿ȻϣʦҲ֪
ܾĬȴѾ˸𰸡
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˰죬ԭһ֮ԻᴦعΪľǰԼϢݵͥҲʲôˣλΨһȤ˯
һ˯Ҳһϰ
ܾϢĴͥжĻ֪أû׼ǻͥĳط˯أȻһ֮󣬶ʱĺܾ϶Ѿͥµɸˣ
֪ع֪¶ֻ֮ʲôأ
ҡҡͷֿܾˣ˵Ҷ˵ˣҸղŸѡȻЧøϿһ𸴣㻹ǼҪȥĻôҿ϶Ҳǲˣ
ҴӦ㣬Ҽҵʦ𣿡
ܾЩʵ
ᣡҲܸʱ䣬Ϊλʦ̫ˣҲһԺҲԺ֮ҴӦ㣬Ժ϶ģ
Ұѻ˵̫ˣΪһûļһҲûа취һССɨǿ϶Ҳûа취ˣΨһģǵˡ
ܾ⻰оǸм֮ɫǧѾоˣǰȴָµϣڵҲҪȥ
ҴӦ㣡ԸΪūǡһһ󣡡
ݵĳĬ֮󣬺ֿܾ˵
˵ɣֻҪʲô̫ѵģҾʹӦˣ
һν˵
ڵıԴǧУ޳һڵҶرЩߵ
ܾһ֣ص˵
㵹ҳⰡЩ˵ǲҲӦĻͲϸ뿪ˣ
ǣܾҡҡͷӦҶ뿪㲻ӦһλᣡҳսһΣ
սһΣıȻǿ󣬵Ǳˣ֮пһλԪӤֵģĸ֣ôĶ֣ҽǲ鷳ģڿ鷳ѾǸˣ
εҡҡͷ˵ͬʱ洫ĳƺҲڸѾ˷ˣ


335 ܾС
Ҳǲҵˣ漴㽫֮˳Ȼֱӱ㽫סܾľпˣ䣬ܾϵҲӦ䡣
ܾԸң𣿡
ǰĺܾʵ
Ը⣡
ܾĵ˵
΢΢һЦԶͷȡһξѪܿ죬ξѪڣһͷĿѣ
ȻѾйüεľˣǲôϰĺ֢
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ܾùеĶ̽γʱ򣬺ܾ̲ס㵹һͷҲðһƬĺ飬ȷʵǹ۵ġ
㣡˿ϲ㣬ʣµȫˣȻҪһӿɲУ
һ˵ţһ߽ʣµİƿȪˮݸ˺ܾ
ϾܾԺԼСˣԼˣС
ʱǲһ˿ԾĵطȻѾǰˣǿȴʼһɱ⣬ΧҲʵ̫ˣ֮ǰЩѲߵҵӵĽŲҲǺˣ
ͬʱһΣյϢҲԼƽ
Ҳ֪еҵӿ϶߱ƽˣû´ĻǸԪӤڵĸֿ϶ҲУ
ܾȻȥĻѰͶԸǸԪӤڸֵͽˣֻҪס˾ͿˣǼǵãǧɱǣ
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Ҫĺ˽֣ʼջЩѰͬʱȴҲһɺǿڴУΪ֪˼ԪӤڸ֣һز
Ʋɵݲ̸ڵΪҲ˽׶ζѣ˵ҲܻһԪӤڸֵĶ֣ûйϵԼİ취
һϺһɼףͷŵĶ
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֮ǰ͹彻սʱ򣬸ûüʹսף㱻ˣЩźȴǿԺúʹսˣ
ĺôһǿԼʵݣϾɲ뱻Щҵ֪ʵݡ
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ͬʱڵ֮⣬ҲǱҵĵǸΧеҵӽһĽ֮ɫȴ
𷢺ʩģȴǰһˡ
˲ʮ꣬ĵҲüĿ㣬ֻһ˫۾ȴǾâ֣͸©Ͳе죬ˣҼһеǿ֮ˣͬʱҲҵһμпܳʵˣֽά
˿̣άԱһҵӸ֮ǰ˴εľϸһ˵ǸҵӣȻǸ֮ǰ˲ƵʱСײǸù
˵ûκԤ׵ģǸͻȻͳˣûпΪԷ̫ûп壿
άüͷǰҵʵ
ǿ磬ʼҲǻһЩۼģǸǰҵӵ˵Ǹȫƾճֵģôأ
ǲǣǸҵӸæҡҡͷȻһŵ˵ҿУȫƾճֵģûκεԤףʱ۾ûüգһ£Բģ
ðɣ
άȻЩţǵ˵ͷַԸȥɣｻǾͿˣ
ǸҵҲ֪Լڵ״̬ʺϲսҲû˵Щʲôһݱȥˡ
ά¶˲Զ
׻˭أ֮⣬ʲô˻ЩָȤأղ˵ûĻôǸӦһһҪĸ֣ѵƽлôĸִ
ţάҲǱѪѾȲҪǸ˴һˣ
ˣȻóȻжΪ֮ǰ￴غܾҵûʲôϢΪǣֱӳȥˣ
ʱάͫȴһΪУһӰڼٱ
ܾǸ˾Ȼųܾ
Ϊʲô⵽ΪʲôѵǸĿľΪ˾ȳܾ𣿿⵽ΪʲôأһܾôһĸֳϹϵ
룬ά±ȵ˿ҿ˿ܾҪˣ
𣡡
ά䣬ֻԶͻȻ㴫һŭһը˿Ȼһ޴ĺӰԾ˳ĽµضǲǺֻܾ˭
ҿ쿴Ǻܾϻһˣ
УҲ֪˭һ䣬˲Ǻܾͷ˹ȥ
ȻǺܾıϣ˿վһ׵ˣħ


336 ʱ
ò˵ںܾĳлΪģһɨ˲㿴Χŵҵӽһ֮ɫ˲һΨҶƣ
ĿһɨǰˣܿͶǰһϡ
ǸɢϢʵǿߵϢ
άһԪӤ֣
ܵĻѽյĵƻͨ˸Ļʱʱ˵ϻζţ𾪡¡棬ָıҵӵ϶Կ
һʱ䣬˺ܾĴ֮⣬Ҳûκεˡ
άȻͲ󣬵ȴҲһʶˣǰԹϣЩԾ
ҪǣǸվںܾϵ˵ʵͭɫ׺ʲôһ㣬ȫ谭ĸо
ݵĳĬ֮󣬻ά˲ƬĬ
Ÿ˹֣ά˵ʸǺˣΪҪֻܾ
ǰЩ˶ҵˣԺпܻȻòѾʲôģ¶ҲǲôһʱҪǼԼԺټĻǺ׾ͱ©ˣ
ڸʱԺкֳһЩϢϸ֮̽󣬷ЩϢȻ˵һĶϸ˵ս׵йܣ
ֻɨһۣ˲һϲΪ֣£ֻսΪ򵥵һܰˣ
һó˵ſǰάڵûбҪ֪˭ҲǣΪʲôҪֻܾҵҪǼˣ
ǰˣȻ˵񣬵άȴǸоһ˿ԾĵطҲף²Ǽƽʱ漴ʵʰɣ


νǸָȻǸµĺܾˡ
άҡҡͷûУ
ǰÿβɱ޵ʱǶǰȥѼһЩڽҪɱɱ˵һЩ֤ݣΪľǵжһЩ
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ʵˣ
֪´εĿƽɽеĺܾʱȻҲһ飬Ҳûʲôѵģһǧ֡һһֻ֣ϱضǻᱳżġ
ǵĽȴ˳ԾֻܾȻҲûɱˣǻõһЩ˸о˼飬ÿɽ˱Ұ޹ʱܻһֻ޴ĺָܳҰޣȻһִ˵
˷ֺûҲˣҪǷǰĻ˵ˣһЩר׽ΪһҲȥɱ֣˵ֻҪ˵һҲǻһֻ۱һֻ۵ġ
ȴǹܲôˣ彻һٿȴֻǵ˰ʮţжʮ񣬴¹غڼһεĴ£ǲҲ͹˲ʲô˵ˣ
ץܾʱ򣬸֤Ǹ˵ģֻܾȻǲɱ˵ģ
ˣǵУûһ˿ʴȣΪǺܾǵʵֻһ˶ѣ
Щ飬ȻҲ֪ģ֪ʵ˵˳ΪĲǱģֻΪʱ䣬ԱúܾоЩ֮أ
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άҡҡͷ˵
ֻܾһֱǹһΪǰʱ䱻һ˷ֵĻκ˶֪Ĵڣôȥˣ
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ֵ
ҲЩˣҪΪʱĻϻղźòװĸΪ仰Ǵ˼ۿۡ
ҪǰģֱźܾȺдһʹأ
Ϊ˰쵽Ӧܾ飬ֻסˡ
άʱҲǺһ˿ԾĵطΪ˸ղʵĻֻǷϻѣ޹ؽҪҪǷϵĻ϶˵Ĵһģ
ȻͼĻôܾһˡ
ȵȡĪǰֻʱ𣿵Ϊʲô
άһ㶣ֻܾ˹ȥȴֺܾĿƺΧ̽ߣȴ˲ԶĵطǴĵط
ˣ˵ĿȻ


337 ļƻ
ˣҵˣ
ͬʱܾҲǸæ֮ظ˸
˿ڿԲʱˣڿԷſֵĴһˣ
Ҫǿ
άһȣеҵҲһ˲䷴Ӧ˹űһ󵶽ʵ
ЦЦû뵽άļһﵹҲǹģȻôͿĿģҲνˣԼѾ֪֮ˣ
һѡ񣬹ԹԵİȻҾͻ뿪Ҳˣ

ˡѴ
ά˵ţҲǽԼıУ
Ҳڸ֮еˣֻǾøղǾ仰Ƚϰ˵˳ѣ
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𣡡
һŭ𣬺ܾҲæܵҵӳ˹ȥ
һӾͱĻ
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潣ȻҲǱ֮ȴǲ࣬óõҲΪʲˣ

һײ𣬸ֱ۲ɵñһ飬ǰάȴǺһ˿ʱøһ
˵άһԪӤڵľ֣ԼҲǲ򵥣ϾɼףǻḽӲٵģһƴ֮£ȴǸоԼԷϵǿ
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ڸԾʱάҲǱ𾪵ˣȻ𾪵Ĳϵղʹõʽ
Ȼֻһм򵥵Ľάǵ±˳˸ղʹõĽǼǱ칦мص콣
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ⲻܣ˵Ļôһ֪ЩҵжôҪ϶ģҲδ˵йôһ
Ȼǰ˽ߣάǲǰ˵ʵΪеһУͭɫսˡ
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һУҲǸ֮ǰͼƻ˵ģ
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άԼǣţܾǣ˴ҵӣʣ¿ģҲż˶ѣΪһʱͥˮʵǰǿ˲٣ǰ£ûκġ
άĿģΪ˲ֹūǵж
µգǳ鲼ǲҪƻҲǺܺõģ֮߱һˣжǿˣ
ڸάҲͰûʲô
άеĽָ㵽ʲôˣΪλҵ칦
΢΢һ㶣жʱȴǼΪ֮ǰֻαװòˣȴάҲĺˣôῴĹأ
ʵҲûˣϾԼ»ģҲֻ칦ˣȻʥ̵ʮҲһЩȴǺ죬Ը֪Уǽ칦ʹ˳


338 ս
άʣصƾʲô˵칦ҵģ
άҵʦǰ֮һĴӣ칦ǴʦģҵĲ֮㵽ôѧģ
Ҹ㣬칦Ҵʦڸҵģ𣿡
ǰά˵
ߺߣάЦҼҴʦѵҲ𣿼Ȼ㲻˵ǾˣҵȻа취㿪ڣ
ά˵ţĿһȻٽ˹
ÿ죡
ֻһգ۵ĹάĽѾ̵˸ǰǼҽϾȻһ˿æ˹ȥȻһԾ˾롣
һУάҲǺͣתʱ򣬲ԶĵطȴǷһֵ죬Ȼһô㵹
ǽɱεĽ
𾪵뵽ʣǿǱάĽϵģ
ѾʼˣϣһЩȻ̫û˼ˣ
άЦſ˵
΢΢һЦԸ
⻰ճڣ˲߶ڵһ˿ԪԪתҲǺӿһɼΪǿ
ʵ˵ڵĸԲάĶ֣Ǹսž߱˺άһսʵȻиΪ򵥵İ취ֱά˾ͳɣͲϸ֮ǰĴˡ
ԪӤڵĸ֣жǿ

һײ𣬵޾硣
ұΪǿڿҲûжô
ЩĿǰά˵
άһ⻰̱ŭȻ˫ۺһɼǿӿ˳˲㽫˳ȥ
ײ˼ʮ֮󣬸ͣ
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εҡҡͷ˵Ȼ
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Ҳ˵ˣս׾һҲ޷ֺ֮ģȻ˶˵սףôάĹʲô
Сӣţ
̲סһ䣬ȻʹδЩ̫ûˡ
ڣҲ֪άǿˣ֮ǰһֱЩ˼ɣԼĹܻɱάڿȫǶˣԪӤֵǿȣѾ󳬹֮ˣ
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˿̣άڳվţһĶǰƬ֡
ɲԼղһо͸ɵǸˣǸˣûôױܵģ
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ʱһӰͻȻ͵شԾ˳Ȼֱάͷ˹
άҴ⣬æеı࿹

䣡
һײһ죬άµعȻʼ˿
ΪΪʲôΪʲôôѵղһֱûʹ𣿡
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˷ֿ֮ʱһ죬ײ
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ղһʹӹɵģάµضΪ˿άȴǸûһģɴ˿ɼǿȣѾޱǿˣ

Ƭ֮䣬ǹ˼Уά˿Ҳѱ𾪵˵ˡ
Ϊ֣ǰʹõ콣ȻǱȼǱбصĶĶˡ
ʦ칦ȻһĹΪһЩԭҵⱾѾǲȱȫˣǿĻпܻ߻ħһֱҵĵӶȥ칦ģֻǱŸȤ̬ѧѧѡ
ǰˣȻʹ콣
಻ֹڴˣҪҪѧķҲ˵ǰˣѾѧȫ׵칦
ôأеĹѾȱȫˣôѧĹأ
Ѳ˵Ǵʦ潻ģ
˼һֱд˵ľһ˯ʱ򣬺˻ʲô˴һЩ֪ʶ֮Ķȵȫѧ֮ǰԼı£ǧǰʱ˼Ѿмˣô᲻ǰˣɴʦдѧ칦
Բԣ
ά˲ַ뷨ǴʦҪҲܻһİˣҿ϶ҲǴʦѡ֮ˣ
ҲһȴҲ벻ǰ˵ôѧ칦ˣ


339 
Ȼ˼ǧάȴ˿ҲûзһĹǺ͸Ӳƴ˼С
սףһʱ䵹ҲǺ˸ƽ֡
ȴǲɵԹˣԭֻΪ콣
Ϊ˵ʱ˼нȻͥҲˣĽƮΪʱͺһ㡣
ȻⲢ˵콣Ͳˣ෴ģ֮Сһ㣬׽ľڡ
ֻڲᵽ׽ľڣȫͺһģҪǴŴ綼ǰ㵹ҲǱһζһɼж費׽е⾳
۰ۣ˵ôͲһյĽأ
̾
Ǻʱһ
˭˵ҲյĽǽʥڵʮһĽ
ʮΪʮ㣬Ϊ̫ѧĹϵԸֱҲֻѧһЩƤëѣȻ죬ķȴѾȫˣ
칦ߵǵƽȻ͵·ӣǽʥʮߵȴ·ӣ
ˣȻĻʮɣȻֻʮеĵһһҲǧʮˣԸάӦûǴ´ˣ
һУù鹦ڽʥǿԴˣȻһ׽ܼУٺãôǵס
ȻеĽѾǴڸԺˣĿǰܲģҲֻеһǧʮˣٶĻͲڵΪʹõˣ
ֺάƴһУŽ˿ȥϾתһֹҲҪʱ׼ġ
ʱάƺҲǲһ˿Ծĵطʲô
ûʲôЦЦֻʶһҵһ׽
ĿԴˣ
ά
Ҵǧ꣬ںܾ֮ǰͿʼѼеĽȻһ࣬ԷҵӲģά˵ֻҪǴĽһ۶ܿǺźɵġ
ͨ˵һ׽֪ʵأ
ֹ֮ͣǰת칦ȵڵϢƽ֮תʮĽš

һʹĺУ͹ڵˣڼʱ潣סӣûôǱ
ˣǴˣʮȻڵģתһķӿȻͲЩܲסˣ
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Ȼһֹ书ҲǼΪƵģ̫ԶĽάǵһοڼЩҲûмġ
㵽ʲô˰Ϊʲôôһ޷£
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Сĵ㣡Ҫˣ
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ಣ
һ죬˲һ֧ҵһά˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ֻղŸվĵط˿Ǳˣɴ˿ɼһе̺˶ôǿ
ÿ죡
ж˿١˹ĸάϷǵûһ˿⣬ǱļΪ˷
Ѿþûĸˣ
ΪԪӤ֮ҪĲ֮ǰĿ̿ˣս֮սֻԼʱ̴ԵܼԼӶٴԼʵ
սǡǡάϣģ
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춯ȻҲΧźܾҵǵע⣬±˵
һ˵ղô£Ҳ֪ûΣգ
ں˵ʲôԪӤ֣ϣм˻Ķ֣ղǸһȻأǳҲһСɫˣôĶ֣
±һ˷


340 
Ȼ˵ȴҲһ˿֮ɫΪӸղֻǲˣ
𣡡
һŭ𣬽һֻ޴ɨ֮ǰ̸ҵ˲㱻ɨ˳ȥȻ˲Զһôϡ
ܾǷˣûάʣµЩҵѹͲĶ֣֮ǰΪ˸ֵֺҺ壬֮ǰܵҲԼٶȻָˡ
Щҵµ壬Ͳܶκε˺еıˣ
ܾһƹȥ˲ǼҵӱȷÿһγײǻײһƬˣҲΪЩҵӶžܾĳײˣҪͨ˵ĻǲҲòзˡ
ҪΪܾɱ˵ĻЩҵһƬˣ
ʼжʱ򣬸Ҳǽĸ֪˺ܾԺܾ֪ԼµֻǲǰһҵӣϾ˼顣
ڸάܾҵӵʱ͹Ҳǵˡ
һֻҵӣΪǺܸߣҲڵΪˣЩһǵĶ֣˸͹ҲǲҺֻǽҵӴ֮βˣָæ﷭
ûãȻҵһͺǹӵĺӣӴֻ֮ŵģȫһſɫ
ҵˣ
һɫϽһϲ漴׼ȥֹūоϡ
ȻǸһȴǲСײ˼Ϊܾ˵ҵӣ͹ȴˣΪЩҵӼǵĵһۣ㼫Ϊֵĺ
йˣ
һУ˲㾪Χźܾҵǣ֮ǰΪֻкܾ֮ǰǸ׵ˣֻŴܾܺˣ˭뵽Ȼбĵˣ
ţЩҵҲǹ˲ȥΧܾˣǸæ͹Χ
ץסܾСҪǶĻôɾˣ
ֻūһƣʱҲЩΪȻǰЩҵӱ²ôȴʤ˶࣬ôҪһӵϵĻҲǲöԸģ
֮ǰ˺͵ЩҵӻЩףΪǸҵ鼱֮ºˣʱϸһֻԶ͵θ죬ҲǼΪɲͲеģǹֻʲô
һҵǰһָ͹󵨹֣Ȼ͵ǵĶǲǲˣ㡭
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ܾǴһͨΧŵҵӶĵ߻֮Ŷ͹һ䡣
Ȼ֮ǰʶܾΪͬΪ͸ǩĸĹϵ֮Ҳǻһ˿ϵģܾһ͹ʱ˼ȻæкŻСͷ˺ܾıϡ
ֽܾڵĵطȥˡ
֮ǰ͹ΧʱֹūҲǸæкž׼ʩȣû뵽ǣǺܾȻһ͹ǣֹūǲżˣǾĶ˺ڰ֮С
ܾūǱ߱˹ȥЩҵҲǸæӦ˹ű׷ȥǿǵҪҪܾ͵ߣ
ۿЩ׷϶ҵӾԼԽԽֹūкǵɫǼǵãǧɱǣȻ˻᲻˵ģ
أ
ӦֹūһʾԼ֪ˣȻŴ˳Щҵǰ
һδƽһЩҵæ׷ǰ治ԶӴܵĺܾ˭Ҳû뵽ȻֻԱߵĳһ׸ߵĴһ
һʱ䣬ЩҵӿŵòᣬΪľ޴ļһʵ̫ˣ
ﻹܵŲŵģ΢΢ӣֱֻ˲һӣ˲ֽЩҵӸˣΪ֪ͻȻֵĹﵽʲôЩҵһʱҲǼΪ
һеֹ֮ūæкž뿪ˣѾˣҲûбҪЩʲôˡ
ͬʱԶĵطά͸սҲǽеβ
άϵ·˿ǱˣҲǻͷģеıͱˣڵʮֵǱ
ԶĸȻ濴κεʵҲǹǺˣ


341 ʤѷ
ʹսҪļǿԪʹʮˣһҪԪ͸ӵӴˣѾ˸ܳܵ޶ȡ
ȻԼȪˮһͨȪˮάµ״̬û뵽ǣǳһЩ⣬ȻⲢǳϣǳھϵġ
ͨȪˮȻʹԪľȴЩƣ֪µҲǼֲ˶ˡ
ʱ˿̣ǷԲ׵ķΧ֮ڣѾûκһĶˡ
ղƴɱ֮ʱĽѽΧж˷ĩ
ʱҲ֪ԪӤڵĸжǿˣ
άȻһľ֣
һսȻάˣǸȴ֪ܵ
ȴûһ˿ľɥȻǽս׺ȪˮİǺһԪӤִһܣɴᵽʮľ֮
ʥĽȻ˵ģ
ʱٴȥҲûκεˣԶ죬֪ͺܾڸ϶ҲǵˣҲǵ˳˵ʱˡ
ţά˵쵽ΪֹԵĻԻģ
ôߣά΢΢һ㶣æǻûأ
ָָάϵĶϽ˵Ľˣʲô򣿡
ߣûΣһһ˫ȭͷ
ά˵ű㽫еĶϽ˵ϣȻһ˫ȭͷԸ˵
ЩĿ˿ԼϵսףȻֿ˿ǰάҡҡͷڲУ´лĻһ㵽ף
άȭ϶Ҳǲܸڵĸκ˺ģսףͨɵĹܵסοһ˵ȭͷأ
άʱҲԣϾŸ뿪漴ֵǲ뿪ģҪ뿪ȴң
һ⻰ȴЦ𣿡
԰ɣ
ά˵ţĿֱ
ðɣҵİұǲ㶯ģҲû취ˣ
̾˿˵
⻰άЩͷԣǰٺԼһܵģȴû뵽Ȼ˵ôһûͷûԵĻ
˭֪ʱĿȴǺһΪȻһֵĽɫǰڷ˳Ȼֱӱˡ
άһ±͵ش˸ֽ֮ǰڵϵĶϽҪֵϣǵסεʱȴͽȻһͷһֻ֪ʱǸɫѾǽԼסˡ
⡣⵽ô£Ϊʲôô죿
άд󺧣Ϊһзʵ̫ˣһ˿ӦĻᶼûоͱˣǲܵ顣
άһ£ϵĽɫȴĸЩ֮Ҳֻ÷ˣҲ֪ΪΣס֮һʱȻҲˣ
ķǼδ˵ûУڸղŽս֮ʱԷʹַĻôⳡսôʤˣ
㵽ʲôˣɫʲô
άǰʵ
˭֪ǰ˲Զĵط˹ȥάк棬Ҳ˳Ŀ˹ȥ
漴ӳģΪ޴Ӱ
άһӰһǺܾôһ˭
ţĿһΪȻǺܾıϻʸһССӰǶӰŵģȻװĺӣ
ˣˣ
άʱһˣǧĴͳûЩĻǵʱʲôˣ
ʱܾ;ҲǸϵǰˣֹū͹нӹװĺӣȻһĵݸˣСҲǸûˣ
ӹӣһֻȻһſɫ
ܺãǸɵĲ֮һάǵģ
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һ⻰æŸһݣллˣ
ٶԣȻһ¾壬˲㱻ջռˡ
ܾ׼𣿡
ֿܾʵ
ܾһ޴ӣ˲ۿɼٶСûãͱһˡ
ˣ׼ˣ
ܾһ˵
˵ͷֽװĺӵݸ˺ܾȻŽܾҲջռ䡣
һ֮󣬸ŻعͷάôڣҸôأ


342 
òץֵĺܾ˲˵ȻѼôõȥˣάҲˣȻǸղǰչֳ
ֻһܾĹȻһӾʧˣҿƺǱһռˡ
ȻԷûĿռ䲢ϡ٣ǴҲƵģάĿǰ֪ĲҲǳ߸ҵĿռˣĿռ䣬װһĻǶղľͺܾͣȴǾԲװµˡ
Ҳ˵˾ӵиĿռŶԣ
Ȼ칦ֻ콣ЩƹһСܡԼôķάǰ˵ԽӺ
֪Է϶ǲʵģղ˵Ǿ仰άҲ˿ɱ⣬һɵ٩
ʱķû֮ǰôˣ𽥱ƽΪ֪Ҳǲ赲ˣֹǰˡ
㲻װˣ֪ǲɱҵģҲܻ˵ˣȻѾ޷ֹˣһ֪㵽ΪʲôҪȺܾΪʲôҪȥǺòѼ
άɫ
Ȼ˽ǲҪӵģ֮ǰҲǲάһˣ
֮ԻȺܾ˵ʵԭģһԭ򣬾ϲܾԸ񣬶һҲûɱ˵ҿ϶ǲɱڶԭ𣿵ȻΪˣ

Ϊңʲô˼
άЩʵ˴ھԵƣӦûɻѵģĻάȴЩˡ
͵ҵǰ֮һĴ֪ܾʦ˭𣿡
άһ⻰ҡҡͷʾԼ֪һֵʦжͷ޷ǾһЩɽΪȽְˣЩôܺԼĴʦᲢۣ
һ֪ά϶ΪܾʦҲһˣ΢΢̾˿˵ѵͲΪʲôܾһ֣ǧ꣬ȴûйɱ˵ļ¼ҪɱԼߣε飿
άһ⻰ɫҲ΢΢ЩʵҲһֱʮеɻ飬ȻǰҲһ޵ɱ˵֣ЩһƵĽˣɱǺܾȴһ࣬ԼҪˣȻҲǲɱˡ
ֻһҪֻҪǺܾ˵飬ҲûһǰάҲǲһ˿Ծĵط
Ƭ֮ѵңܾ֮ԲɱˣȫΪʦ
ûͷܾʦҲ򵥣ȻҲܸ㣬ֻ˵ɱ˺ܾĻôͥĴʦǻܴ鷳ģҿ϶Ҳǻᵹùģ
ͥɣٵҲһǧˣʱǶԣʵҲһְˣôãһҲˡ
Ȼ棡
ʥΪʲôҪʢ᣿ΪĸûΪ棬ʥͥ˸츲ء
ɨԼԯð˵֮ɨҲĻðɣȻֱȥԯȥˣΪĻһ档
ƽʱΪ˵͵û֪ԼͽܱɱĻܵ͵ֱǾֱӳڴ
Ҫ̵סŹˣ
ûǴĻòƻѣôһɾǸء
Ҫʶ֮£ôҲð죬Ҳ˫һˡ
ǳа
мǧȻǲ׶ˣǳȴ϶ǻȥҪ˵ģһеĹ㶼ϣ㲻ʢŭ֮£ҿ϶ҪùˣʱʲôһεʢҲһǻ˵ģ
˵ʱǾ˺ܾҲң
ֻЩ϶ǲܽ͸άˣֻάףֻܾһֻ֣ͨɱĻôҲǻᵹùġ
ȻûоĽͣάȴѾЩȲˡ
¸Щ˼άе֮⣬ҪǣֻܾʦǸ߸ϵͥɣҿͥĵλǲСȻвʦ


343 һе
ЩҪǴӱ˿˵Ļά϶ǲŵģ£ȴǲɵĲˣ
ǰˣȫѾƿеƣֻҪԸ⣬ɱԼȻ뿪ɷµԼ¡
ɴ˿ɼ˵飬һ£
һάȴǸΪ
Ϊʲôǰ˻˽ôأͥҲǼΪ˽ģôأ
ѵҲ
иͷάʱ㱻Լ뷨һæܲܣͥǶǲ·ģҪɵĻҲܻôˡ
ȻţάȴǸɻ
㵽˭
άջ̲סٴοʵ
ͬʱԶĵطҲǺһӵֻѹѹһƬӰӿ˹Щҵӡ
΢΢һЦȻܸҵʵݣԷģҲҵĵˣԤУ˵˶ǾͻٴˣЩ͵Ҿҵıˣټɣ
˵⻰ֱһУάϵ˲˿ص˸У漴һ˲ƣ˲ʧˣ
ۼˣάףԭղŵǸҵӲûƭԼˣȷʵǿ˲ƶģ
Բеˣ
ʮλҵһΧǿάģʱʱĬˣеĽǴҲǿĵˡ
һˣ̫ʧˣܾûץ˵Ȼ֮ǰòµˣǻʲôؼңҼпҲΪεʧܶǼˣֱɱǻҪܡ
һɾɥйҵӣάֻðοҲҪ̫ѹˣȻγʦҲпԭĳǶǿģҼҲǴ˲ٵӦӦʢˡ
˵ֲ֪Ҷڵʲôҷģεһһеģ
һε˽٣ΪʢʢᣬΪһεڼҼһеǿ֮ˡпܳʵˣάȻźΪӴĻᣬĻᣬΪһʧܶĨɱ
ǰЩҵȴǲһˣǺпܻΪεʧܶ˵ĻᣬάǾһе
Ҳ֪һ֪ľ֮󣬼ĳҲǲġ
ϾεĶ֣пܲ࣡
άĻЩҵӶʱæ˿άĿҲǸΪ
ά漴ַԸˣȥ׼һ°ɣϾɽ
һʱ䣬ҵǿʼæ
˲֮󣬸ֻصɽµԣܲһˣŽϵս׸˻ȥ
սʧһ˲䣬ҲǸæ˿ţһϮ
ʹľȴѾЩģ̲סڳ˯ˣȴҲ֪
ΪȻҵǿɾҪɽˣҪǱǷԼĻǿɾˣ
ţָæǿд˾Ȼ󷢶뿪ˡ
һ·ϣҪһǼûã㵽ˡ
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345 
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351 Сǵ̸
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352 ͯײ
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354 Ȳ
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ǲ˵˵ô°ҪһֱȲأ
ͷһ㶣С⡭ⲻҺȵ𣿡
һ⻰ʱ


355 Ҫһ°ɣ
ԭļƻʵ˵Ҳܼ򵥣ԼһˮȥȻЩСǺȲ裬СҪǲϺȵĻôҲҵֵˣȻ͸֮ǰ˵Щ࣬Ҳˡ
뷨ҲֻˣƺҲ˳µ顣
ëȻһӾȦˣҲЩ٬˼Ƣ̵סԻëСȵù
ǵ˹ͷ⣬취ȴвͨˣΪղһĻѾǱͷиһ˵Ȳ裬ͷж˵ͺȲˣ⼸ӲĹһĲˮȹˡ
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Ҳǲ׼֮ǰļƻˣ׼ֱӾȥʰȺһˡ
𡭡𰡣ⲻһֱôҪ򰡣
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Ϊ̫ˣˣ
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쵰ɨǣ
εҡҡͷ漴㽫绰˳Ȼͨĵ绰
飬϶ǻᱻ֪ģ˱ԼˣΪҲʲôˣҲ̫ΪԼæ
ιԶӳ߳˵£ϸϹ𣿡
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еԭ򣬹ͷдҲ뵽ˡ
ټ֮ǰǸħһСŮ˵̬ȣͷо֪ëοǲֹߵһˣǰˣǱǸСŮҪﰡ
ҪǳֵĻû׼Ҫˣ
ղŴͨ绰ˣ
ΪһƽбصСͷĿͷжƽоֲҲָˣû´Ļղŵͨ绰϶Ǵ̾Ӷӳģ
¹ͷҲ׹ˣǰˣֻһ壬һѺϽְ壡
ëûɫǣȻʰĹң֮϶ᱻԼǧܷˡ
ţͷиæ˲ͷϵĺˮȻСĵ˵ʲôСֵܣ㿴ҪûʲôµĻǾͲ˰뿪
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ͷСҲǸæ͵ղŵĳҲǿˣԷֱͲˣɵϲŻȥźƴ˫ʵʵ̫ˣֻǷˡ
ЦЦҲҪǸֻǳһٷȻٰһСæѣģæܼ򵥵ģֻҪƤӾͿˣ
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356 
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Ȼ绰Ǹģôԣ϶ҲǺѲ˹ϵġ
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²ԥæ㲦ͨϵϵ绰
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⴦СԺļҾ߶ãϲҪκεĶˣ򵥵ʰһ¾ͿԾסˣҺܾϸӦҲûжô޵ġ
ڰѺܾϸų֮ǰȰع˹Ȼ⴦СԺҲʩһ磬ع˵ҲСһˣûñ㶨ˡ
ܾع֮ǰŲٵĳԹΪ˲˫ʹȸعһԼӪȺܾľкܾʵݣعһ⻰ҲʮֵĺȻû뵽ܾȻôԺյı
ȻлЩŲ£ȻǸˣعȻҲӦ
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ܾ֮ǰعΪֻΪͥע⣬Ϊ˿˺ععҲЩ֮еģ±ڴӦ
ۼˣŽܾϸ˳


357 ɲ
ܾһ̱㿴˲ԶعȻҲûıع˹
عܾ֮ǰԲ㣡ôĻ£ܾѾ֪ˣҪҪϤ㣡
ܾعݵ
һعЩ˼ˣȻͺܾ֮еԹҪûкܾôһֵĻҲˣȻҲ޷õôĺôˣ
˵ˣܾóĵӣʦţǳ˸СܣǱġ
ţع˰ֵˣȥ¶ͲҪˣҪ˵ĻһллأҪұƵɽҲɺˣҲøˣȥ飬һʹˣ
ԶԶԣع˼˵ԣҶҼµģʵûбҪΪһЩС¶ֵò죬ܾǸϿңعҲλ˰
ʱϸָæ˺С
ЦУǻģ⻰˵ĲԺǺЩã֮ǰЩ飬һʹˣԺҪµˣûҪΪһֵò죡
һˣعæŸݵɷģС֪ˣ
ܾϸҲǸæݵ˷ģС֪ˣ
˵ͷֶϸͺܾ˵ȻѾ˼ˣôҲи˼ˣҲܺǱ֣ܾ͸ոߺˣ𣿻ȡı塮ܡ֣Ҫȡг֣Ժͽиۺˣϸ𣿡
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ܾϸǶŸȥϽޱȵ˷ܡ
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ɲͲ˵ˣʯ󸿪ǻСǲҪκζģȴǲһˣȻҲҪԶģʳһĴ󣬼ȻǰѸ۽ɲչˣô۵ʳ棬ȻҲǵɲɲˡ
ɲȻЩΪʲôôʣǵͷӦˣǰĵʱʱҲȥ棬ԶڳһҲǱȽϤģȻҲǲڻˣ
˵ͷֵп𣿡
ᰡ
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ɲô˵ŽǮ˳Ȼͳһпݸſʮ򣬾ΪǵѰɣҪȱʲôǾԼȥɣи۵ĳԷ⣬Ҳˣ
û⣡İɣС¾ͰϺˣ
ɲӹ˸пȻˬ˵
ţֶһЩ飬ȻŴع뿪ˡ
ļͥûʲôҪ˼Ҳûʲô·Ը⼸һֱĺȻи˦ͨЩദ̬ҲǺ࣬벻ٺɨǣֱӺˡ
ʱ䣬ҲǴƽкúһϺĵط˸飬óԵĶҲˣʱҲǼΪĵġ
һ죬ٴδȥʱ򣬺浽һϲĳŷӦ˹
Ҫ˰


358 й
걾Ӧһĵ飬ȴǾЩЦΪġꡱ˿̾أ
ĹĴͳΪ޶ģǰһֻȻݱ˻ΪʢĽգ֪֪Ժֻһ顣
ڳ˯˲֮󣬺͹Ҳ˹ΪԵʣʱȺһ죬ڵڶʱ򣬺Ҳˡ
֮ĳЧøЩĿ࿴ΪϵԲ˵òҲǷһЩı䣡
ţĸƯˣ
֮ǰҲû뵽ԭҪôʱģһʱÿ춼һֱûʱȥԼ¶͹ˣҲҪżˣҲڿȥæԼˡ
תۼ䣬ֵϣԹ֮󣬺͹ڿ죬˵⼸췢飬ڴϢ
ʱ䣬ԼѾаûȥͥˣͥҲûʲôҪ¶ȥȥҲʼջǾЩףԻǾȥͥתһ£һȥѲһ԰ȥһͥ½һʲô̬ȡ
ţ뵽һΪϾ⣬Ȼæһռ
˵ĵطʵռڵһ֮ˣ֮⣬ûκε˿Խ룬ˮײĺȪˮĵط
ˮײĵĵһۣʱ̲סЦΪˮײϵķӡģ˿ʣ޼ˣʲôĻôʱˮײеŮҲóˡ
֮еʲôʱܹȫյˮײϵķӡģ֮Դӿʼȡӡ֮󣬾˳˯УôҲǺ޷ӦҲֻˡ
ˮײеŮҲǲ֪ΪεͻȻ˳˯֮УɫӦҲûʲô¶ġ
İɣܿܳˣ
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ڶһ磬ٴ۾ʱ򣬱Ȼͥˡ
Ҫ񣬻ȥйµѲһ԰æˣȥ̽һй顣
Ǻֱ԰ȥˡ
νһ죬ѾǸڶ԰ˣ͸ѲߵѾʶ˸Ըǳͨı԰
Сɲμֵմ񣡡
ۿŸ԰ڵعæһʿŸȥ
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عŴһʿվӡ
԰һ԰ʱϢ֮ȻѾ԰񣬸ȻҲǺľǰǰ档
ţֶعԸعڿʼһʿѲ԰ɣҲ̫ˣǿһЩһˣǰѾֳʱҾͿˣ
԰ڵǧ꣬ҪһļȥģЩܲ飬ֻǰ޵񽻸عˣҲǵְڣԼʵҲ߸ѡ
˸ķԸعȻҲǲҵæһʿʼɻȥˣֿʼĵȴ
һΣعٶȴЩøĿ࿴һСʱĹعȻѾˡ
һЩˣЩɻĿععҼǵϴѲʱ򣬹ǰһǧ˲ĹôͻȻôˣ
عһ⻰ε˵ɣΪϴСɿƺЩͷСɾ´һ԰ڵָʿǸԸһ򣬲ͳҵȻЩϹ򣬵ٶȴǿ˲٣ɲҪ֣
֣ôأعĺܺԺˣҪ˵׼ģ
ЦŶǰع˵
ǰ԰ҪȽϸÿǰѲʱ򣬱ضҪعһʿһѲȥ浹ˣЩ̫˷ʱˣȫôɣǧһѲȥĻֱҪˣ
԰Ĺض֮ǰǸ԰µģԼҲͬȨˣ΢ĶһҲûʲôϵġ
ô˵عһʿȻҲüЦΪڿԿ϶λε԰ʵһܺദˡ
һε԰ǿǲ֪϶ٱˡ


359 һλ
԰飬漴뿪԰ֱɸķȥˣΪ֪ͥ·£һ̬ȡ
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һԵҲǸæ͵ûûֻҪ֪ģǿ϶ʵ棬ǲ֪Ҳһģ
ô˵ԥʵλʵ̽һЩ飬֪ͥûйʲôԣ

һɫһӾͱѿȻæһơ
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360 
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תۼ䣬Ǽȥˣ˼ζҲԽԽŨҲæòɿȻѾϳ;ƳȫȨίиⷢˣ⵽أϰҪǲ¶ĻҲЩ˵ȥˡ
Ǻֲϵϳ;ƳظϳӣҪμӳٰᣬҪμϰǷ룬֮⼸ʱ䣬йæˡ
һ죬ǶһţҪһܵʱҪˡ
һģռˮײ춯æһռڵˮײԡ
ǰֵһĻʱøЩĿɿڴ
ֻˮײϵķӡģ˿Ѿȫʧˣ֮ǰˮײϵ֮ҲǺӰȡ֮ģһֻޡ
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εҡҡͷ˵漴ֿ޵ȻˮײʱѾˣôҲûʲô¶ˣԺô죿Ǳ֮лάģ
ǰ֮вܻεʱ򻹺˵ҲֻһѣѾǱһֻСޣɾͲǰˣøһѡ
ʼնԼıֻҪսʱԹǲʱѡ̬


361 ѹ
⻰ǰʲôԺʲôɣǧǸɨʦ˵ҵ¶Ȼҿ϶ֵñʶˣ
˵ɨǵʱЩȻɨǣлǼΪ־ġ
οİɣȻѾǰ͸ңôԺҵˣҲʲô¶ģԺ˴ɨͥս֮⣬ı任̬ڴ֮ǰһȸһЩһɣҪû¸ˣҲԺ˵˵
˵ţ档
Ϊϸͺܾ뿪һʱֱ˿ںߵ㡣
Ҹǽһµѣ
Զģͺ
һ⻰ҵ飬æеܵ˸ߣţǺҲǿڸ򴦻ֻһǶޡ
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ֹūȻϵø֮Уȴʶ֮б֮ޣΪǸշСأ
һֹūһʱҲǺЦҪɱɱֹū磬Ϊϸ˵ֹūռȻѾһˣû۸
ţɱ̫СˣȻͷСʵȴһҲҪǲŵĻԣ׼ʹҸ
ֹūһ⻰±ǴЦЩˣ棬ĹԼСܣЩ֣ЩһտţԼҲǲȥ޻ˣһֹūͻᷢﻹȥǣȻǸ˿ڣôҲͲˡ
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֮ǰΪҪںаæ飬Ƭռ︳һЩʵϸ˵ĻЩҲûжô޷Ǿٶȷǿʮѡ
ȷֹūԾٽصʯͷôƬռͿԾǧϵʯͷ޺ͺܾ֮ĹûãǶȴöˣƾֹūȻƬռһԡ
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һ⻰϶ʱЩʧǵͷȻ˾ֹūԶĵϡ
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363 ڻ
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364 ׷ڻ
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ڻҲޣһֻΣյϹޣ
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365 VSڻ
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366 ͯ
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СŮһ˲䣬Ǻ޺Ҫ裬ʱøԽǱһʱҲЩ޴ˣϾûչСӵľ顣
һĻȻҲһĪȫҲ֪ΪʲôһСŮ
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⣬ȻæתȥŸһŮ֣ʾ
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֮󣬸ָæŶͳɺ΢΢ͷʾ⣬Ŀɨߵʱ򣬸кǡ⡱һ졣
ΪôҲû뵽Ȼ￴ά
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ϹޣʳΪƽǱ˼ɽУֻڿʱŻʳ࣬ǹż޵ļˣϾֻһ˵Ͼû޻δ֪أλ룬ǧ˼й޳˵ļأĴڵĻôΪʲôǧֹҪȵڲų֣
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⻰һڣ±Ҳ΢΢ĵ˵ͷƺҲͬĹ۵㡣
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367 Ĵ
ŷ֣ԭ˿ÿ˰Լڣǰŷһϣ򿪴һɨֻⶼǹ޵һЩϢȻǼ߱ڻ޳Եͷ­ʬ͸Ŀ֤ĺڻͼƬ
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£ʼģƽҲһλ¸صˣóȻ˵飬ټ֮ǰ飬ջ
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368 һ
ղֻź˵޵飬ǺһΪҪ顣
ǾǸôЩ˽Լôҵڻ޵أ
ѵҪ˵Լײҵ
⻰˵ҲûŵģϾĴߣϵϢȻҲǿԲġ
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ֵѯһЩ飬ȻᱻԷᣬпܻرһЩߣϲ֪ҪǷƢǿ϶˲õġ
֮䣬һ㶼ǺĬģֻҪԷԸϸ˵ôȻҲǿģҹԼ飬Ҳ֪һЩģصʱ϶ҲǻﵽһЩæġ
ȻĽڲǶãͳɺͬҲãģ׼ʸһЩ飬һְԼʦ˳ֻסˡ
һ룬˵ҲǰﲻʲôæҲڹˣ֪ôҲûʲôãĿѯʵĻܻܿøΪѣӶӰԼ͸֮Ĺϵ
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369 ˶ϲװ
칫ͻȻͱļΪļ˻˽֮⣬˽һԲά˹ȥЩУв⡢ҲĽģȴη壡
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ǿģȴЩˬ
˰ˣҪװƾװɣ޵ֻһ֪װװԽȻҴҲʹԽݣ
а
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ά޵飬֪һ˷˼飬ȷʵģһҪߴһ飬ޣֹֻһֻģ
Բۣ
±̲סһֿڣ


370 Ը޵İ취
Ҳû뵽Ϊһ֪άȻ˵ĻԼ֪ޣΪ޾ԼڣԼҲۼڻˣάô֪һеأ
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371 ڻ޵Ƭ
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֮ԿԵõôϢȫİΪϴȷ飬иеǰδеĳ裬ͼؼ档
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ΣعǾԲܵİ
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ڸղŸѾӦԵĴ𰸣Ҳгˡ
شҶܺ棬ҵôҵֻڻޣƬİɣҿԸߴңڻ޲ҵģʦҵģȻҳʦͺڻսʱƬʦ˭ȴǲ˵ˣΪʦһλĸˣϲ֪Ĵڣϣҿһ£
ô˵ЩȻϾһֻΪߣԲܻ޵Ķ֣ҪһλĸˣȴǼпˡ
ϾҲ֪䣬졢ˣ߸ǲǵΪδؾͱάˣʦˣôһе鵹Ҳ˵ͨˡ
ڸԸ˵ʦŵ飬ȻЩ棬ȴҲǿģϾĸˣƢŹ֮Ƕǲϲŵġ
ı飬жʱһ֣Щ˻ǺܺúŪ


372 һֻ
˵ʦȻӦһλɷǣƢŹֵߣ֪ʦȴһλͥأ
ţֺ뵽֮ǰµǸСŮæԳɺ˵ɾֳ֮ǰҵǺڻ޵ʱ򣬾һСŮҸղŴСŮˣȴѾǺڻ޸ԵˣܲܰæѰһǸСŮˣ
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⵹δأά˰֣źվȻ˵ǲԵ޹ʵĳֻ޵ģ֮϶ĳϵȻڻ޳˼䣬ô޻Ҳ˼䣡ΣǶȫ׼
άⷬ˲ƵƵͷϾһ׼Ǻõġ
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ǽô飬ȫǣ£ʦѾҪˣǻǸøȥɣˡ
е˼ҲףԵ±в˿Ͼ޿Ϲޣʳɻ꣬Щ˿ԶԸģҪԼ˵ɵĻδ̫Щ£Ҳ˳ˮˡ
ȻΨά⣬ĳάѾǾִҪˣ
¸ҲûܾϾȳ˼ϣܵô࣬⻰Ҫ˵̫׵ĻδһЩҪ鷳
Ÿάӣɺ֪ҲǲöˣΪƽеĶҲֻ˼ҰæԼȴǺΪɣ
ţ㿪ڵô֪ܲܰʲôæأ
޵飬ɺǲˣԼҲ֪֮ģڹ߻岻ݴǵġ
ϸһ룬ЦȻԳɺ˵ɾֳ㻹˵ĻҪҪæ
û⣡ҲǾɺһЦűʵ㵽ʲôҪģ
΢΢һЦ˵ԼҪ
⻰һڣ˶ʱסˡ
ûи׼ֶԸޣ
Ǵ˿е뷨ˡ
ţһҪ׼飬Թ˵ɢȥˣҪкģһߵάʱû¡
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͵֮Ҳδֱͣӱ뿪ˣΪղſǸǳ⣬ȥܼط
æȥӰҲ΢΢һЦȻתȥˡ
Զģ㿴ԼҵĴϣѾ
ȺѾͷ׻ǲ˼ϰװôģ
εҡҡͷ뵽
˭֪ʱںȴǴһȡ
˼䣡ݱ


373 
ͬʱһš
ֻعԼĹȺǰȻһŵĶǰһֵ̿ķƻкԼһС
Ҳѵõİˣһ仰˵Ķعֻʱʱ̽ͷ۲ǰֵļһ
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ֻʱǰģȻŴǹˡ
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ϸ۲Ļͻᷢǰһ֮ǰϵˡ
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عȻҲʶֵܵģƽʱ˽Ҳǲ£ȴǲòӲͷƤݶԿԭֻΪݾȻԺ͹֡
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Լʱ򣬸ǰԺһ񶼽ˣԱ͹ȻҲǳķ֮£
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ЩֵĿعأǸأΪʲôҪǼֻ֣ÿ
ҲæأΪɣػ˼䣬ħģôȴǱħ
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ߵֻ׻˿̺ҲǽƺҲعԹ
عûֵܸ飬ǽһ룬ɣֵҲɣǵĻӦҲûʲôϵİɣһ֪˸ݣô϶ҲǲڼΪȥˡ
ţعݣ֪ȻȴҲûкˣǵ˿ͥɣǵְλǿǴ˲٣ǿǧҪ
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ۼˣŷǽţһ͹һСǺµģʱ̲סˡ
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ۿͻȻһֵСŮع˳˵һЩĪĻݶʱЩΪ϶ŷģһķӦǿǵĲŶ԰
ϸһƣŷعȻһŮҿϵı飬Ҳǿļǵġ
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374 Сëϣ
ȻֵܣǵԸȴȻͬᣬƢִȴǴϻ࣬軹ûӦȴѾԾˡ
عΪһɣ˵ӦûκεȥһЩ˼СعȴôˣҿӣҪԼֵǿжֵĻعȻҲġ
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Ļһ㶣źǹЦСޣȻ֪Ϊʲôῴǣ⻰ʵ̫ЦˣȻûмͥȴҲ֪Ӧһλ绪ïŮӣôС޵ģͥɸôܵ˼
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أ
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һҽУ׻ײǰͭϣȻ˫һȻ˹ȥ
ۼˣŽͭȻæ˹ȥ˿ҲԼµֻ׻
ͬʱֵҲǺɵۣΪǵҲϳˣղŸóԸ׻ͭƣǳͥͨƣ
ֵȻҲͥɣȴֻС񣬾סھͥһξĶ˷ɽϣƽʱûеõٻҲǲܽͥģԽͥͨҲֻܵٻʱſõ
ǵĵλֻǱعһЩͥеȴǲʮǧˡ
£ǰģȷȷʵʵһλͥͨƵɣ֤ղع˵ģȷʵˣ
ȵȡȻģô϶Ҳˡ
趼Ҫ޳ˣһߵˣ


375 Сë£
ݣڰУȻͭƽ˴׻Ÿæ˹ȥ׼ȥοһº͹
һµģȻǱŵòˡ
·ֵߵʱ򣬸۶ûһۡ
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ССɲ֪
̿ˮЩµ˵
ٺ٣Цش⣬ʵͥն̨֪𣿡

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æɣᡢᰡֵ˼СҲѵһͥҲ֪˼䣬ŲСðν֪߲ﰡһ
ɣһᰡС֪ˣС´ҲˣСһΰɣ
ҲǸæ
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376 һ
ۿֵһµģʱҲЩæ˳䡣
⣬æôˣ
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ٺһЦŶ˵ģȻҲ֪ģҲŻһѣȻҲ΢ͷһ°ˣԲҪǵģ
ȻֻС񣬵СҲǷֵȼģ˼СȻҲСеĶˣͥҲЩλġ
ղŷ飬˵Ҳʲô¶Ǳ֪ˣҲǲ̫׷ģôܻëƤС¶
νնֻ̨ǸŻֵܵģϾǸղſǰѺ͹ŵòᣬɲܾô׵ķŹǡ
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Թ֮󣬼ûǰǰˣŮſڴϿëһĴѩǵԺеݡ
һ˴ϣҲһˣҲҪúϢһˡ
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żŮ̸ҲֻЦЦδ˵Щʲô
ȵڶʱѩѾͣˣԺҲһװعľֻԺǸڰеѩȴɷעĿѩ棬һֻ׻
˫ֲڿڴƵ棬ֻ׻˸Ҳû֮ǰһպ޵ɫɵľ͸һֻСèƵģһķڵϡ
ĵ˵ͷһ
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ĵһۣʱ㺿
˵֮壬ηϺﱻһζȻҲǼܵģҪǣʵ̫û˰ҪǱһЩС񿴵ĻָôЦأ
һϣеҲĲˣڼϷƺͺĴߴ٣ҲͲΪˡ
Ÿһϵʱ˿Ȼֻص˸УֵһʱûзӦֱӱ䵽˵ϵĴ׻ϡ
ϣ
ϣ
أ
˲ҽ
ˣҪװˣϽ
ſڵϵһ˵
û˿ԥֵܶʱæǴ׻ҲǸæվ
δڣæģСȥԺҲǰˣ
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һ⻰ݸղźò׷µĺ


377 Ϧ֮ҹ
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ѰҺڻ޵飬ֻԼһ˿϶æģعϽΧޣƽУҲͰﲻʲôæˣԸֵϡ
ݣҲػ˼СˣҪ˼ѵĻǻ᲻
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أ
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̬Ҳ˿ŻҪԼѹһѹǲܴٳɴ£û뵽ȴֱӱڴӦˡ
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˸˵֮ݺЩɣЩѶȵģǺڻСɵǲ£СµҲ˼䣬Ϲޣ쳣Сɷ΢޷
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æ
һ⻰Щ˼ͷҵˣ
ˣ˵ĻҶ˵ˣ뿪ɣǧҪǵãһҪǷ˺ڻ޵˿һҪ֪ͨң

С
һ⻰æŸһݣȻתſڵ˹ȥ
˿ֻһͨĻ񣬵Ƕݶԣȴͨɽͨ˼ʲôطֻҪһݱἴ̳
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ĸĸһ⻰ȻЩˣȴҲ޿κˣֻǶһҪúչԼ
Ȼܻؼҹ꣬ǸΪͷƺǣȻҲʮֵ֣ĳԹҹ֮󣬸ֶ˼ŮҪţȻŶһ˳ȥˡ
ҹĻ֮ʱƽȻŵƽʣ֮ڶޱȡ
ȻʱƽеĽ⣬˿ȴһ˼顣
ֻһյϣǴӵðһɹīĺǺȻǸǹϵҹɫ
ܿ죬յϵڰ֮еĺˣǳֻһۣʮֵˡ
ţ·ܵʲôٻƵģһɹɺ㽻֯һ
ûãǹɺɫһֻߴҵĺɫǹī½ɢϢͷһ֧Ķǣ
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378 
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һ֪϶ҵڻ޵ټˣ±һ߰οޣһָķȥˡ
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һһڿն˹ȥΪϣ޷ɵҲߣһʱ䵹Ҳû˷ǡ
ԽԽкӿһ˿ԤУҲǺЩ·˿ǲԶĵطһֻħ
ⲻӦðоżûĹڻôͱôˣԶɢ˲Ϣ
ƺҲǲһ˿ԾĵطȻӿ˵ϣȻֶŸһ䡣
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һ⻰ʱҲͳĬΪ֪˵Ķԣǩĸ֮޵ȫǸԼһˣԼĻ޿϶Ҳǻġ
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㣬ûκεǵģ£ȴǺЩΪԶһϢƺ˵źڻ޵ǿ
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ιԶӳƽеĽ⣬ϽҪĶɣǧǵãûҵ˭ҲܿУҵȻ˹ȥææչһǰɣ

İɣ֪ˣϾ͹ȥ
˵⻰Ȼҵ˵绰
ţǰļ󿨳̻ͼֱ
֮ǰ飬ǰæ׼̻񣬶û֣֮⻹м
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ҵ˵绰֮󣬸ָæϸͺܾ˳Ϊ֪עһȵҹԸһľͰѺܾϸˡ
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ϸȻһд磬ҲǴһϮɫģҲһüĿģǲ֪ʵݵĻ϶Ҳᱻϸƭˡ
ϸԱߵĺܾʱҲǱһģϻһֱĺɫװȻһڵģȻǳڸ֮ˡ
ˣҪˣ˰֣ȻæָԶĳ˵ˣȻĻһżͼǳ򸽽ȻѾǲҪһЩĻ˲ֻͷȥһæˣסˣζκЩһģֻҪҵ֣ͲΪˣ



379 սϣ
ȻˣǸȴЩĲ£ǽϸͺܾҲ˹ȥҪԸڻޣһҲǰﲻʲôæġ
ۿϸͺܾתȥԶ˹ȥ
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˼һ֮󣬸ʱöע⣬ڵȥˣȥǷʲô飡
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һ޴죬ȼŵ޺ݺݵҵ˵ϣ϶ҳһܴİӡ
ޣ⵽ô£ڻأô
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⡭⵽ô£
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ڻޣ϶Ǻڻ޸ɵģ⵽Ϊʲôأǰʱ򣬺ڻ޻ǲܺ޶ԿİżĹȻܰ޸˵ôˣ
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ģӿɲĲ˰

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ںڻ޽Ҫ˵Լϵʱ򣬸Ŷ
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380 սУ
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ҪǻһĻ¿϶ˣڻ޲ʲôȫɺɫɵģҲûȥֻӱն룬Ȼ»ź
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뵽ǰ˵ȶԶһ㣬Ȼһ˵ģ
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ϸæָԼõɮģ˸˵ӷʩĪҪżǱߵ飬ʩԻģʩֻҪ֤˹ȥͿˣ
ۿԼǴǰʲʲôˣֻҡҡͷ漴ϺԱߵǸڿ˹ȥǽȴҡҡͷΪãģɵɵıڣ϶Ҳǲ֪κõϢģ
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˵ҲϸǷͬ⣬æ͸෴ķȥˣţ㻯Լı壡
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ۿάֻصȺ֮УæΧȻһŵĿά˵⵽ô°ղŵ޵ôھ߰
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ά˵ţæǰ˹ȥ
ҪҪɼ˰æ

Ȼάȴûд𻰣οٵıʧҹɫ֮С
ۼԼһȻǱ˸ˣбЩˬǲˬ鲻ˬ˼ҵҲڰæԼҲǲ˵Щʲôġ
ά˵ֻޣЩţȴ̾˿
˵ôôأаɱˡǹ˼䡢޳ˣðһʲô
ģͲͣһôĻȥأ
޺޵


381 ս£
֪˺ڻ޵֮󣬸һ˿⣬ǰֻڻ޷ûǺڻ޵ıֻһζԼ˽ȫҲԼһһΣ
ÿһȥܻǺڻ޷קֻǶûãȳˣѹѹľһɷˡ
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ģҪҪô̬Ϊˮƽô𣿾ȻϾƶķˣ
޺޵һ䣬Ȼ漴ϺִһʹУ
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ԼԼʦҲЩˡ
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һ⻰ϸʱЩɻ󲻽ȫҲ֪ôʲô˼
¼ȻǸԸģϸȻҲǲҵˣȻæ˺ڰ֮УٴδӺڰ߳ʱ˲ѾǱ˸ģ
ڴ˿˵ĿⶼǱս׵ĸȥˣԵûע⵽ϸľٶ
ʦ˼ôﰡֻڻ޸ɵ𣿡
վһ֮Ѿ˸ϸæ
˲˻ع
һ㵵ĿѾɸϸеʲôʱģΪʲôʦѵ˾ʦ𣿡
ǱŵˣԶһ޵ŭѾǹ˵ˣ˭뵽ͻȻִϵһ޴ĹӲɣͭƣһս׵ˣȻľǣȻ˺ʦ
Ϊ֪ʲô飬ϸ˵ҲǼΪСΨִ˸еĲ
ϸĸֻǵ˵ͷȻţûҵʦ
֮⣬ϸȴǲٶ˵κһ仰ˣΪ֪϶ҲлҪ˵ġ
ϸ仯ԼкҲһ˵Ĺ죬лǲòϣϸ仯ԼǵǺԼһģһҲһģһģ
ţһ£ſǰġͽĪҪģΪʦֻǲСĵ˶ѣΪʦҪȥǺڻսȥˣҵ
ͽ
ۼˣæǱϹϾİȥ
лллˣл˳
ʱһԵҲǸæŸȥΪЩ˶ǼӵģϾ˲֣˼ҰôæлҲӦõģ
ԴˣҲû˵ʲôȻһУɨƶʱз˳ȻһССġ
һĻȻһ㵣ŵǻعʱ򣬸Ȼʧҹɫˡ
ҹУһ߿ڻڵĵط˹ȥһ߸æʼӦ޵Ϣ
ӦĽΪʧɫΪ޵ϢѾǱʮֵ΢ˣǺڻ޵ϢȴԽǿ
ʱþУʱ
ţ˲һȻһɫĺëУ
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382 磬ˣ
Ҫ˵ëǿǲ򵥣Ϊëʥģ
һëһëʥķˣȻԼ޷ǺڻޣʥȴһԵģ
ţЦΪͻȻ뵽ҲǺ꣡
꣬޺ʥһҲӦˣ
ûãԶı㿴˺ҧһ޺ͺڻޣʱǳ·ģǺڻѹƵģ
磡ȥɣ
ۼˣһ˿ԥæ㽫еĺëǰ˹ȥ
ëͻأı㱬һĿĽ⣬ǵø̲סס۾Զ˺ҧŵֻҲǲԼͬ˹ͬʱһɼǿҲ˲ɢ˿
ҪҲ
һȣֻһսסͷϽڡɷĽɫͻȻ㾶ֱг˳еĽ𹿰ڻȥˡ
ޱȵļܺʥղսˣ
˭֪ʱǺڻ޺㷴Ӧ˹Ȼ͵ԾһߣȴӶǻеĽ𹿰

һ촫ʱˣΪһȥȻǴ޵ͷϣ
·ǵǸˣ޺ͺڻ޶Щˣȴý𹿰ָſڵһ㵵޺ȵޣǲ
ҷð
ﶼڵѪˣΪյķǸٻģ˵ӦԼ˰ҼһôһҪԼأ
ǰǷһҲǺأЩͷۻˣյıĻһԴϣҲϼھѪˣ
ݱȴһʱûˣ
һ˲Ĺ򣬸ҲǸæӦ˹űͷ۵ҡҡͷȻպ磬ˣ
ˣ΢΢һ㶣˿ſǰޣֿûһﲻ˼˵𣿡
еץˣվȻ˵ûѾҵˣѾǲˣ
һ⻰ʱЩȻζٻëǸõģɲóõģ
ЩΣ˵ڻôĸӣѵͿ𣿷Ҫҵޣ
̾˿ָŲԶĺڻ˵磬ٻģǼһǶԸˣǵˣ
˵Ļ֮ձǰҡҡͷ˵ֻһѣȻ嶼򲻹ްޣ㵱ԽԽˣ
ţǺڻ˹ȥֻһۣסˡ
ʵϵոճʱ򣬾Ѿǿ˺ڻޣʱȴΪٻĿľǽֻޣȻҲûıк˹ȥֻڻޣձǴȽǰֻȥɵġ
£ȴ֪²ûôˣΪֻһۣ㿴Ǻڻ޶ΪѾǵ˴ˣ
հ¿Щ鷳ˣǼһΪȻѾǴﵽ˴ɵˮ׼ǱˣȻҲǲһ¶ģµԼֻһΪҲֻˮƽҲڻ޵Ķְ
뵽ձæعͷȥ׼¸֪˭֪ûأ㿴һ˷ܵĿԼ˵磡ͣ˼Ϳˣ
ԥ˼ҶԼôģԼҪǽǻ˵ĻδЩ̫ðɣһǶ˱磿
ˣԼҲһѣٻ֮ҲǴڰСʱˣ֮ع鱾壬βǺڻƴһѣʱǰˣҲ˱
ţųŸ˵ͷȻͷԶĺڻ޵֣ɣ
˵űеĽ𹿰ڻ޴˹ȥ
𣡡
һŭ𣬺ڻҲǳȥһʱ䣬Ǵѽѷ
ʱ䣬ҲǸæӦ˹ʵϵս֮ŸæӿռƿȪˮȻһ˲Ʊ޵ߡ
ޣ죡

ſͣŽһƿȪˮ޵УȻԼֺһƿȪˮֻǺ˼ڣʣµȫ޺ˣ
ϾǼָģ
Ȫˮ¶֮󣬸֮ǰʹжʱɢӰˣҲȫָ˹һߵޣҲǲȫָˡ
Ϊ˱ǽ֮ǰս«Ǹڻ޷˳һǺСһĺڻ޷±ǴһţǺڻ޷˶ȥ
˺ڻ޵ķ֮ϵϢͻȻǿ࣬˲ָֻ֮ǰ۷״̬
ۼˣ˿ѾǱԼˣôʣµıֻոɵڻˣ
𣡡
˭֪ʱߵȴǵͺһȻ˲βͽܵһߡ
һֵľٶ˲øЩĪòվӣ׼޵ʱֻͻȻǡ䡱һ죬ȻֻԼղŵ֮˿ѾǱȫˣһ
кȻֲøղ޻ľٶҪ޼ʱĻҲͱɱˡ
ţǰĳɢȥ˲ǳԾŴֻͣʱ˿̣վȻǱ޸ѹ£Ž𹿰ĳ޵צ
磬⵽ô°ΪʲôҲ򲻹ڻްʮأĻ۽أ
һ߷ĳŽ𹿰һЩŭĶԸȵڻ޵ʵȻǵ˴ɵˮƽڱǱ壬ֻһѣΪҲˮƽˣ˵ʮͻ۽𾦣ǿǱеı죬ûеģȻǴ򲻹ˣ
һ⻰ʱΪżȻæֵڸôأ
޲Ǻڻ޵Ķ֣շǺڻ޵Ķ֣һʱҲǲ֪ôˣѵҪȥԼɨʦ

ţմһȻһӱ㽫Ǻڻ޸Ʒ֮󣬸æԸ˵İɣȻ°ɲǰ
ո˵ʱǺڻ޺˹ȻֱһƱϣһӱ㽫ոķˣ
磡
ۼˣֻüһ磬յӰ˲ʧҰ֮Уҿ򣬾Ȼķȥˣ
¿ˣͥĹأǲ˽·ͱ֪ԼݵģҲˣϾǰ˰ݣһЩӣȴǲһˣȻδػǴ֮ǰսɽӡУҲ֪տ϶ҲǲԸⱻ֪Ĵڵģ
ҪһСģյ˶ô鷳ˣ
ʯ䣬Ѿ¶˾ģ
ޣȶԸڻޣζڻ޿ȥҺ磬Ȼϣ
򵥵ķԸһ֮󣬸뿪ˣڸ뿪һ˲䣬޵Ϻȼܴ𣬶ұ֮ղŸʤ֣
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ŭֻ˲ֳײһ
֮ǰʱ򣬸ľﶼУȻҲǿʼ˲ӵĹȻǳڳˡ
Ҿճֵһ˲䣬ֻԶĿҲǺһˡ䡱һ졣
һæ˹ȥ˿Ȼڳˣ˿ܼĵطȻǲʹ˲ˣϾ鷳ǹˣ
ΪǳϦ֮ҹ֮еһֵĳ֮ǲڶĸ䶼
ҹյģûø֮ǰյĵط⸽ȴǳİԼˣطӦûˣȻҲôˡ
ţæ˿Ȼ˹ȥ
ȻֵһĻȴֱӱøɵˣ
˿̳ǰģһΪĹ㳡㳡ϣվˣԹһ£Ҳ߰ˣʱ˿̣˵Ŀⶼһ˹ȥ
ʱͱŵˣ˰죬ԭط֮ԻôİΪûˣΪ˶ĳɵ˰
룬æ˵Ŀ֮ؼ˹ȥлáá鷳ã
ͬʱҲǼΪһĻҪǱһ˿Լǿ취ʮʮ취߰˰
ʵûˣֻȴź·ˣ
Ȼ͵ò׼ʱǰڵһĻȴ˲ЩĿɿڴ
ֻʱ˿̣ڸǰģȻһģһգ
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383 ϣ
һȻһӾˤ磬ǸǰӦκµ׼һӻЩزˡ
ΧҲˣһ㶵Ŀһģһգ
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жʱðһʺţ˵ʥޱߣǧʲô£µĺȴֻһëķôҲıˣ
ҿģǼΪȵģƺҲô°
ʱһΪԾĵط
ֻȻĺ񡢴һɨ˵һģһģϸ۲֮£֮ĲʱҲֳˡ
ߵֻ磬ǵΪֹһֻӣϵıҲһֻӣʱ˿ֻ̣һģһĺӣеҲǺģ
ұֻӣΪֹˣϵıҲǺһ޶ԷУɻм
¸Զ϶ұߵֻ磬շ
ȻұߵĲĺ磬ôߵ˭أ
ţɻֻ˹ȥʱǿ˲Զһ
һӭСͯݳ
ȵȡСͯǸڵӾʥյСͯ
һӲűûȻҾʱҲ뵽СͯļƺƽУֻǸû뵽ȻǻȥμӴ
ڸʱǸٵĺҲǿˣֻǼΪ̧ͷ˿ϣȻշʵ˭
ҲЩˣȻһͿǰԼʵֻһͨķװģһʱȴЩû⣬ΪʲôҪװԼģһװôΩΩФģ
ԵԷ⻰ʱҲǻʵ˭
Сͯһ⻰ȴǼΪĺٺһЦȻ˲ԾԱߵһӣץĶ˵ǰ칬ʥҲ
ò˵տġաʱСͯҲǱһͨһ۲֮Ҳ׹ˣⱣ׼ųˡ
ǰҲûзÿһطݵʱǻܶĸһģһġաЩձȴһһˣԼĺϷЩ˿ѧûģ
˵ˣǰաǰЩģߵЩͬϵ;û˵ģرһ𹿰еĽ𹿰Ҫ磬Ҳ֪ﶨƵģ
ˣҲвٵ⣬ԵǣȻһһȴˣ
ľòͶҪ˵ֻաǲԶˡ
ܵ˵СͯǰֻҲģӸղŴһпԿҲƴģԼȻҲǲܾҴˣԾͺˡ
һԵһ⻰ɫһ䣬˵ģ°ģҲˣôѰĿͷģˣ˵ƿ԰˵
Уǲ̣Ȼֻһô˵ҲǱһ֣Ȿ𣬰ɲܾôˣ
ţձҪǰСͯúýѵһ١
֪ԼҪǲֹĻ϶ø鷳ˣ˱˹ȥǰ
΢΢һ㶣ֵܣŰʲô
С磬Ҫ𰡣
ѵ𣿡ָŲԶСͯŭһˣȻģ°ģ˵ӣƿԣô˵𣿡
㲻֪ˣæ磬ǸģˣԺϷΪģεľҲͨ÷ķ֪ģô˵Ϊⷲǲ֪Ƕô
Ŷ𣿡
⻰ʱյɫŻ
æ˵ͷȻˣҪǲŵĻʱ˰μǸ㿴һ飬ͻˣ
ðɺðɣȻ㶼ô˵ˣô¾ô˰ɣ
֪ǰװԼģķ˾Լµ֮ҲͲƽôˣҵٿǰʥʱкҲ˼ֺøУ
ȴ磬Ȼ͸Ͽ߰ɣ޿Ҫ֧Ųסˣ
һ⻰˵ͷûû㲻˵ﵹǲˣ޿ɲǺڻ޵Ķְޱ˵ĻԴﵽ޽ɵΪʱɾ鷳ˣ
˵⻰̧ͷһ·Ȼ׼ɹȥˡ
ȻûмԦƵı£ķ֮õġ
һкһҪ֪¿߰˹ۿģҪķ˵Ļôɾ군ˣ
±æסա
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һ⻰ʱҲǸæӦ˹֮ǰֻǰǸװԼķˣûע⵽ʱ˿ԼȻǱһȺ˸Χ
ȻְͥͥȴҲ֪ԼĴǲܱ֪ģȻĻɽҲû徻֮ˣ
Էɣǿ϶ܷɵģ
˵ĿⶼϣҲ˵߾ߵİ
뵽ոæָڸߵֵܣðﰳһæˣ
ţ
Щ棬æ˵ɣֻҪ飬Ҿƴǣ
յ˵ͷȻ˵ܲЩ˶Ҹղ
һ⻰ʱʲô˼ˣԼȻµûչȻǲԸⱻ֪ȷʵǴڵˣ
΢΢һЦŴ磬ĺˣͰˣֻǿҪίһˣ
²£һ⻰æ˰˵ֻҪĻɽ֪ίһЩҲûйϵģ
ۿմӦŵ˵ͷȻСͯ˹ȥ
ҲǿˣСͯʥǰյһģˣȻҲģˡ
ǶôЦһ°ʥվȻһģߣ
ĿǰƺһõĽ취ˣȻСͯôģǴΧΧ۵ȺϣǿԿóȻʮֵɻ󣬱ϾֵķʽʵЩ̫ˣ
Ҫ飬˶ţʵҲֻһٰյˡ
һУȻҲ벻Сͯİˡ
ߵСͯǰ֮󣬿Сͯװʥкӿһůů顣
Сͯʥʥе飬ڸȴĶǻ䣬ʱǰˣ߹ʮ٣
ûмʥǰһֱΪʥӦþСͯģ
ʲôˣ
ڸ˻еʱǰͻȻ㴫һ̧ͷһ㿴СͯһԼ˹ʱõȴԼˡ
˲عæСͯ˵СͯãҴСǿμǳģرϲ㣡һֱҲ㣬ԱߵλأҵһλѣͬҲϲݵյģŴĸһģһҪϣ
Сͯһ⻰֪ԼղùȻûˣֻ΢΢һЦȻֵллǵ֧ˣʵλѴĵҲǲǸ𹿰ҿҲϲĽı̫ЩȫҲһֻӸеģ
һ⻰ֻεЦЦȻĻͷһգֻյɫѾǱʱ˿̣Ҳǿˡ
һװԼ˵ԼԼζǿ൱ܵģҪΪĻὫɽ¶˵Ļû׼̲סˡ
Ȼǳ࣡
˿ֶǰСͯ˵СͯȻ˵ĻôҲͲˣʹ뿪ˣ¶Ҫҽһ£Ȼ´ᣡ
Сͯһ⻰ҲǺ̧ͷһܣȻִ˿˶һ˹ƺû㶮⵽ô¡
ǳŸ˵ͷСͯһߵ̨˹ȥȻϵĻͲ
λǴҺãҲҪᣬղŵأʵֻǰŵһĿˣΪҪҴĽĿ
⻰ճڣ̨¶ʱ㱬һҵĻ


384 £
ȵȡô°
һӾЩˣƴֵǺڻأҺʱҲҪˣʱʲô
أ㿴СͯѾŽ𹿰Ȼָպȵ߾֣㾿˭ð䰳
ǳ˳飬ǿһӽǰһĳ嶯˸ƺ˵ܲһӴһ
ҲЩˣСͯ˽һʵҲһĽ߼ٰģ˭֪СͯȻôһ취
µ񣬿Ҳû취ˣ
ţǸæߣȻ磬Ҫɣ
棿۾һɣŭٻΪɱְû㣬ﱻٻ֮ҲǴڰСʱˣ֮ع鱾壬ʱѾǹȥһˣҲֻһӰˣ㻹ﵢ飡
һ⻰ֻÿ˵磬˵⻰Ҳ֪ôˣҪǾô뿪Ļ϶˻ɵģʱһҪǱ֪ʵݣôɽڵϢ϶ҲǻᱻķǸ֪ģȻĻɽзӡǱЩǾܰķӡˣԻҪίһˣ
һ⻰ʱֱĳĬ
ǧǰؼʼή֮ʱͥɣִܶѾʼ׼ǵ׼ǽԼһƬ÷ӡȷй
ˣǻɽҲΪⱣӡǧйһֱҲǼΪң
ַӡ˵ǲƵĿģǲһһһ˼Ҫд֮˳أ
һԴɱ
ʮԴɱ
һٸһǧأѾǲǰˣأɱԽ࣬ʱ֮ʱܵҲԽأҪôˣΪ֮
ۣΪ˽̽ϾҲǲŹģ
ҡֻµʱǲܻعʦˣ
һ뵽鱦ģͷһһŭʱɢӰˣ
Ƭ֮ſڵˣӦˣٻģðʲôʲôɣ
һ⻰æ˿ȻæֵǺã磡Ǿô˵˰ĹӦ֪ɣ
հ˸һۣȻ˻еĽ𹿰˵û⨺ڰµģ
һЦ֪ղһ仰Ƕһˣ֮ʱǲѵ磬ǧǵãȻϷǧ̫˰
֪֪ˣİɣ
ЩͷĶŸ˰˵
Ÿæ˵Ⱥȥˡ
Ǹղŵ̸ȻҲ˵ע⣬Ϊ˵ҲûۿŸ뿪֮˱֪¿϶ǺϷҪϳˣֱļΪϲ
ʱ򣬸ɵҲǶСͯΪΪԼղź˵ʱСͯʼǱһֻӸеģ
Ȼǳںң
û뵽ڽ쿴ô˼һ棬ٵձģȴǱ˼ٵģ
ۿŶԷ׼ˣСͯ漴һȵ߾֣㾿˭ð䰳
һĻǧǰѾˣȻ˷ǣǵٴοһԼ˵仰ʱв⻹Щд
꣬ĲӦɱ⨺
뷨ݼţ˲ǻָԼƣ漴һҲһŭȣ߾֣ʥ㾿˭ð䰳
ҮȻ
ʥǹ꣬˵괺ûô˭ȥ
ǰҲ˵ˣ˵ӹʲôͷкˣûʥ
ˣһѣĿǲ̫ˣ˭ϡȥ
ԶԶԡ
˵̸һʱȴ˸ĶҲǴСͯĶȻʲôҲû˵ǸĳУȴһį
չȻûøʧⳡϷУһֱûжһһʽʹҲǼΪСģƺҲСͯˣһʵĺԣҲȲʡ
ݵһʱտ׼ʱ˲һĺշȻֱӷһǽˡ
΢΢һЦҲǸæ˳ȺС
Сͯݵ˿ȴɵɵ˵ղǸ֮ʱǾ仰ȻЩز
簳Ļ㲻Ժ׼˼ˣԺлᣬȥɽ棡
һת߸պջϣæʵ簡ղٺͺڻսʱǲ˵ʲô취ԶԸǺڻ޵𣿡
ЦЦֵܣˣҪ뱾ˣ


385 Ϊʦ
壿ѵҪʥյı½
һ⻰ʱͱļΪ˷޴򲻹ڻޣյķҲˣյıˣôһֻڻʲô
ڻ޶ΪֻͨǿﵽĶѣǿʹôɵȼȫֻǿһЩѡ
ʥյΪȴȻﵽ˴޽ɵˮ׼ͬնԻֵĻôڻ޿϶Ƕˣ
ţæߴٵ磬ϽñɣȻ޳Ųסˣ
úúãñſɣ
ǵ˵ͷȻæ巢ѶϢһƺǸӦʲô
Ƭ֮૵˵壬ˡ

һ⻰ʱЩˣ˵ղŲǻĵı֤ܰѱ廽ôżӵʱ䣬ͻȻٻˣ
磬⵽ô°
̲סٴοʵ
ղֻ仯࣬ſȱ˵ˣﻹȰԿǺڻްɣ
˵⻰һǺڻ֮˹ȥ
ͻһĻǸЩ⣬Ƭ֮̾˿ڻ֮ȥˡ
ͬʱι⣬յıҲǺ˷ٻ
ô£üôôõһëˣҿ黹ûнȻҪԳ
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鱦µˮͯӣ
մʧɫһʱҲ˲ȥˣԶ鱦ȥ
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ˮͯȴû˵Ϊ֪ÿʦʥʱǻܲˣʵǲȥʦüͷǰֻڵصĺӣкҲһΡ
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ΪǣΪʲôһǧʦʼǲֻӣ
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鱦ĿбӵĶԶҲȥԱߵգǿڵͯΪʦΪʦ
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һλ˵һڡʦֵĽͣˮͯϲö飬ʱҲǡˣ
һԵĻͯӲϲ飬ȻҲ˵ˮͯĻˣǿڵʦͽȻʦǰ˵ͽȴҲףߣĸأߣʦһжʦں͸ģʦӦþǽڻи˼ɣ
鱦һ⻰ĵ˵ͷֵôΪʦûнڹʲôô㻹Ϊʦͽ𣿡
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Ϊ˹鱦ղŵЩֻǶ˵Ķѣ
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386 ˺Ǳ˺
һĻȻҲǱǰ治ԶˮͯӸ
ˮͯЩ˵ʦߵķƺ½ȥˣ½ȥʲô
鱦ֻǺָһ㣬űҡҡͷ˼ѣֻȥæȥˣֻӻûзأ
ˮͯӶ˼¶ô⣬ΪʥѾȥˣٴ鷳Ҳǿɽģʦ˵Ǿ仰
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仰˼ԶָĿ϶ʥʦˡ
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֪ͯȻƽˮͯӵԸƢǼõģһҪľĻôûסʦҲУ
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鱦ҡҡͷ˺Ǳ˺
⻰һڣˮͯӵɵˣֻúһͷϡ
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387 Ҫˣ
ڻͯӺˮͯӵʱһԵ鱦Ҳˮͯӿ˹ȥȻĸһˮͯӵĶͷ
һ˲䣬ˮͯеľ֮ʱɢӰˡ
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Դշ˵˱岻֮󣬸Ҳƴˣսףִ޴󻯵֮У޺շԸǺڻޡ
ڻȻŴɵΪֻǿﵽľѣұɵЩҲǴĺȣһҲǿһƽ֣
䣡
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ꡭޡ޶Ҫ𣿺ʱҲҪˣҵ׸ôأԼĻ޷޵İ
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շֶŸЦЦŻһëǱȥˡ
ϣʥ̯ģȻһɫĺëģǸëջ֮Ƿ֮ǰһĻʱҲԺ˳
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ʥҲ֣ɣ
һѵأ˲һǺڻ˹ȥ


388 ʥϣ
ۿʥյվͽǽ𹿰һֱӱڻһԵ޺ҲǸӦʲôæ˹ȥ
ܵǰʱ˲β;ס˸Ȼһ˦̱ȵ޵ıϣ̤յķ
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䣡
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䣡

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䣡
ʥһȣǺһĽ𹿰һСģ
֣԰һ
䣬˲һǺڻ˹ȥ


389 ʥ£
һȥǺڻ޵Դ˲㽫Դˣһ˿
ǽţǺǿʼƬ̼Ĺ򣬾һµͷ­ˣȻŭʥҧ˹ȥ
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ЦҪڼȥĻǼҲڲסߵˣпܻٵԼƽУɲߵһ
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ȵЩ֮󣬸ſ壬ԭһĶȻһͶ
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뵽˿漴ָæǵϵͶȵǶţֵͥմ񣬽պʥڴ˽Եɺ֮¾ǣǲ˼ҪϿ췵˾Ǹ˽Զ˼ģɾģ
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Ҳ
Ѿ׼ǵһĻʱ򣬸Ǹһ
üһֱ¹갡


390 ʥүү
ͻһֻ꣬ǸæߴϷһЩԶⳡꡣ
գһĶһò׺ݡҰסȱȫĹⳡֻǿһ۾еˣҪĻǱжˣԸѡһߡ
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ģøЩǲڸղ˽Թˣ
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΢΢һ㶣ȴǽޣһûиڶֳ˻ȻҪʲôƽֱȥ̵ͺѾǲʲôƽˣʲô֣
һʱ䱻ĲУԭֻΪ޺Ȼ˵Ҫͺڻһս
ڸֱ޷飬Ȳ˵Ѿǹ鷳ˣӦ޺ͺڻ֮һսΣ
ڻûʵ壬ʱпܻߣŻɽ£ǾԲܸɵģ
Ǻʱ뵽һ취
취ȿ޵ԸҲڻߣ
ţһЦȻ޵ҴӦˣ


391 Ͷ
뵽İ취˵ʵҲʮֵļ򵥡
֮ԲҴӦޣµľڻ޻ûߣܱ֤ڻ޷ߣôӦкηأ
ʧȥЩǴµĺڻޣζ޵Ķˣ
ţߵ˺ڻ޵ߣֻһ˲㽫ռڣţֽ޸˽ȥ
ռһУȫڸƿ֮УڻҲ㲻˵ģֵöٴ˭֪
ۿŸֻͨ򵥵Ĵͽڻ޺һ˲侹Ȼһصպ΢΢һ㶣ţȻˡ
鱦ĵӣӵһЩķҲ֮еˣ
֪ΪΣ뵽˴ʱоȻһ˿˸С
ڸڻ޺սռʱ򣬲Զ֮ǰŭŵ̻ҲǺһ˲ֹͣˣԶģǿһ⣬ǼҲóˣ
ֵܣȻ޵ѾˣôҲǲˣˣ
չ˹ֶԸ˵
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˵Ż㽫һ̳ĹɾƺһƿȪˮ˳Ȼݸյ磬ôæҲûʲô͸ģһ㱡ϣЦɣ
չһЦ±ӹ˸еĹɾƣȻһĵ˷࣬ӱһڡ
һڹɾ¶ǣնʱ㼫ΪȻĸļ˵þƺþƣȻͥϵɾƻҪúȣֵܣ㶮ﰡҪȥһأţʲô
˵ţ۾˸һֻϵƿȪˮ
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ȻȪˮһ˵ܣǸȻҲһԼ˵ǵġ
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һ⻰±ΪˣΪ֪ȻŵڶȪģǵڶȪڸڣ
յֵܣȪˮ󣬱ϾĵҩҪʤһðյĶΪôأ
˰ֵŰɣС͵ĿɲֹһƿأµĻ࣬϶ǹõˣͱҿˣ»ҪСܱܰȻҪǱֵĻôСܿҪԲ˶ˣ
ҲͲˣһ߽ӹ˸Ȫˮһ߶ֵİɣҲзִˣȻҲǲ˵ģ
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ǾŮ׼ʥ˵ΪƤӵ͵Ȫˮֲ⼸ǲܵ飬ȴƫƫ͵ˣղɵֽº鱦ϵ
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뵽պɫӵ˹ȥʵЩףǰСʦܣʲôõ鱦ĺ񰮣


392 ܾ
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ӦðƿȪˮ֮⣬ԼҲûչʾʲô
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393 鷳ά
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֮ǰܾʱάͶ϶֮ǰ˺ܾˣ϶ҲģʱǺܾԻˣҲûüȥϸһʱϸһ룬ܾ֮ԻΪĲԼ
ôҲ˵Լ֮ǰ뷨ǶԵģ֮ǰǺܾˣȷʵҲӦģ
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ǰˣӦþ֮ǰԼҾ˺ܾԼˣ
άһŭģȴǼװΪεͶ䣬Ȼ˵磬˵ʱֻܲһɽ׶εߣһԪӤڵľ֣ôܻأ㻹ǲҪ˵ˣϽȥҽɣȻҲ֪ղŷʲôǿܵҲصģ
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394 ʦ
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ŰɣǶǵĽ



395 ҵŮѲˣ
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һԵϸҲһ˷ܣȻûкȹȪˮȴǲֹһδӺܾ˵ȪˮˣʱۿŸȻԼһƿֻˣ
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ںܾϸ󡿴ȪˮѵõıڸȴʲôҪĶóƿ˵Ǿţһëѡ
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⻰һڣعʱЩΪǰĸ˵ЩȫȻͬķӦ
ķӦظɵģǲһˣüͷ˵ԼҲǴŭ⣡
ι⵽׸ô찡
عе¾ЩżͬʱҲǷӦ˹ڷƲ˵ۣ˵ģȲ˵¶Ǽ٣ӣѾĴˣ
һ˵ˣȻ˵ĻȻҲԼһģϾǴͥĶǱ˼Сضöˣû׼˵أȷʵˣֻԼѣ
ţعͷ϶ʱð亹ϾѾǰǨϣѺˣҪ˵ԺǨԼҲԲ˶ߵġ
ţкһȻֵǡ


397 Ĳأ
֮ǰعһĵ˵Щʱ򣬸֮ǰŵıǸæȥȻǱȴǸع
Ϊ֪عǾԲ˵ٻģ
һع³ˡǡ֣֮ǰò׷µĺ
һʲôͲһ˵
ŭ
ˡǡ֣һûк·ģ
ˣȴҲ޿κˣֻع˵ȥ
ֻع˵ʵҲ˵׼ģϾ֮󣬻Ĳأ
ƤеĻععղſɲô˵İղĵı֤һ𣿡
عһ죬æղ˵ЩʱСһʱûпȻҲģ
ۼˣϵɫŻ
عһʱҲǸæ˿
һƣʱҲ˹ع֮Ի˵ĻҲΪˣǽϸһ룬лЩĲ£ΪóȻڼ֮ǰ뷨
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УôϹȥֱȥҷʸأȻ⻰˵ЩΣҲܱԼ˼Ҫõö˰ɣ
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عһ⻰ҲǸæ˿Ϊַ֣Լղ˵ǷȻֺȴǵ˸
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ΪֵͥմԼǾסļܵģ
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òԼղȴһӶǸһ飿
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ģ˵㣬Ҳ˵㣬ʵ˵ҵģ׻ʲôأ
˵ţ˼
ˣ㻹ɣȥҪǲĻ̫ˣ
˵ţվ׼ȥҷʸ
˭֪ʱȴǺ䱻˿ȻơꡢԶͼ˳
˰һΪûأ׼ȥԷأ
ԶĿ˸ƱЦŴк
˯ôãĶӿ϶ҲǶ˰ɣϽԷɣ
ҲǸæ˵
ΪղĻƵʱ򣬸кһΪӵĸо
ǰŮŮôͿܲأ
ôˣû°ɣ
ۿŸƺЩԾҲǿʵ
ͬʱҲǸæһ¸䡣
΢΢һ㶣æعŶûû£̫˰ɣһȳԷɣ
˵ţæǰһԵҲ
ò˵˵ʮֵķʢҲǼΪϿǿһҲ淹ĲǸȴûʲôȥԷˣڷǵʻҲǼΪܵĴӦš
֮ǰǷʼջһʯͷһѹϡ
Ҵҳ˷վߵķ˵ƣеҪ㣡
һ⻰Ҳ΢΢һ㶣ΪҲǿˣ϶ʲôҪҪԼ˵ģҲǸæŸ¥
ŷƽ˷䣬Ϊ˲˴ֱ㽫Ÿˡ
һĻķһ棬ʵ㵽Ҫʲô
˿̬ȻתȥһĿƵƣʵǲǷһЩֵ飿
⻰һڣƵɫʱЩ


398 Ƶ
Ҫǵ仰ʱ򣬷ûκεķӦ˵ֳһãȻ⣬ɻı飬ôԶ϶ȷʵϹ˵ģ
µʳǾ仰ʱ򣬷Ʊֳģȴһŵģôʹţ˵Ļʮа˾ſ϶ˣ
˵ֱе޷ܰ
µ˵òҲûʲôˡ
̾˿ֿڵƣǷʲôˣԸҴӦ㣬ʲôӣҶߵģ
˵Ѿ˸Ӧòħ֮Ķ¶˭˵׼أԸĴ㣡
˭֪⻰һ˵ڣȴһЦ˳Ȼ˵ʲôʲôвұʲôӣ㶼ߣֲǺǣô䰡
⻰ĸ΢΢һ㶣ֿڵղŽʲô
һ⻰ϺֱЩ֮࣬ȴǼż˷ܡ
һĻĸһ档
ʱҲǿˣұ׼һʱٸģǼȻǱ㷢ˣôھ͸ˣ
ʲô£
ѾļޱˣƵĻ֮󣬸æǰ˷ǰȻߴٵ
˭֪ʱȴһȻ˵е㲻ʣ㻹ǴȥƬռɣ
һ⻰û˿ԥæŷƵռС
ںˣϽҵǷʲôˣ
ռһ˲䣬æ˵
ŸһżģҲǲˣŸ΢΢һЦȻӿڴһŽɫĶ
ϵ÷еǸһŽۡ
ⲻһŽҿ𣿶㽫Ҫҵйϵ𣿡
һɻĿŷ˵
͵ſɣ
Ÿ΢΢һЦǿŽ˽µĻС
һĻĸһ棬ʱȴû˵Ϊ֪֮Իô϶Լɵġ
µĻ֮󣬷վ
ţˣѵӦٷʲô
ڸޱƵʱͻȻǰľĿɿڴ
ֻƺƣȻ֮ǰ½۵ǿ̧̧֣֮ǿ֮غ΢΢ţһССʱð˳
ð֮󣬿ۿɼٶȳɳʮӵĹ򣬱ȻǳһԼߵĴˣţǴ˲ǿȵӦʱȻǹ˽ɫĽۣ
һеһУֻڶʮ벻ʱɵģ
һССӣһŴٵⱾڶʮɵ飬ȴڲʮʱˣ

۾ٴ۾ʱǰȻһ˽۵վһЦĿԼ
ֱǲѧ
ôأ
Ϊʲô˵Ʋˣ˸鰡
ȻѾۿˣǸЩŵָǰʵ⡭ģ
ҲЩ˷æͷ㲻ôңôǲǺ

ܵĻش˿ȴǱĸΪɻ
Ϊʲôƻôأ
Ȼ㲻ƺǿʹõģѾַƵĶͷȻǳһϸܵĺˣʹҲʮģ
ԥһ֮󣬸ֿڵƣ⵽ô£㾿ʲôʱԼģ
һ£Ҽǵúϴϴ֮ǼɣһһֵΣһֵĵطһܴܴͭš
ûж󣬷վͭǰҿģͭϻźܶҲķţȥʮֵĹ죬Ȼ֪ʲôطҲ֪ͭźʲôֱң϶ʲôµĶ
ҵĵһӦˣתʱҿʲô
˵ţһصĿ˵
̿ˮΪŵĿƵʲô
ò˵ǽŵҪҪǰ˵ξʱ϶ΪС˵ˣԴͥɨ֮󣬸ͲôΪˡ
ر·Ƶţ˵飬붼ģ
䣬˵ҿһң


399 ӡ
һ㣿⵽ʲô˼ˣϽҰɣ
ԽЩļҲûʲôٺͷˡ
Ϊ֪νΣԲֻһô򵥣
ۼˣűЩȻʵҲ˵⵽ô£ǵһعͷȥʱȷʵǿһңȻǸֻǳúһģһѣϵ·ĴŴȴǸҲһĴŴ磬еǹŴ˵װЩ֮ͬ
ҵʱͱһǱʶҲ֪һΣΪۻˣ۾ȻȥʱŷǰŮ˾Ȼڵģ
վǰģƯǰģȥͺһһģ
ҵʱµҪֻһжôĹ죬Ȼϱ׼ܣ˭֪ʱǰǸƯڿеŮ˾Ȼˣ
˵һҪ
ҵʱȻµȻҪ˭ǸŮ˺ָָĵط
һͷһֻԶͭˣ
ҵ¾˹ԭŮҾȵǸͭźĶ
Ȼٴλعͷȥ׼ܾʱ򣬺㿴ǸŮֱ˹һӾûҵȻҾˣ֮û죬ҾͻȻϴʱһԼͻȻһֵӡǣӡҿҿɣ
˵ţæ˿¶ѩ׵ĲӺǣȴûʲôȥǰˣ񶼱ҼϵǸֵӡǸסˡ
һֵӡǣʻҺɫԼмСеĹŴ֣ȴЩ죬Ҫ˵ʲôĻôҲֻһˣ
ţ
һֵӡǣ⵽Ǵʲô
ʵЩ벻ףȴҲ֪·ͬСɡ
Ҫ֪ڻģ֣ΪһͬʱҲһ֡
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ԼµûϵӡǵġšĻôԲˣ
ţȴǺЩȻƵô飬Ϊʲôң
ƺί˵ұҲǴһʱģǸպǶʱ飬Ҿû˵ҲûиоʲôԾĵط
˳˼
Ϊ֪νΣԲֻһô򵥵ģֻһ򵥵ΣôܻõôǿȪˮˣôõ
ڷΪʲôͻȻ˰죬Ҳ˹϶ȪˮĹˣ
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ӵƿ϶ҲһˣϿ϶Ųٵܣܣ϶Ǻмͭž޴Ĺϵ
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ǿԶ϶ˣͭźȷʵӦǹһֻģ
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һֻĹﰡȻҪôǿķӡܹ
ȻеǸŮ˸߷һҪͭźĹȳǸ϶ǲ÷ôģҿƵӣƺҲûаµʲôҪ¶
΢΢Щ棬漴ʵƣûǸΣ
ҡҡͷûУǸҲֻһζѣ֮ҲûйˣҾǸλֻһζѣҲûʲôСֵģ
˵⻰ʱһĲںƺΪֻһζѣԴҲǲö˵ЩʲôˣΪ֪ЩҪ˵Ļֻ÷ƸӵĶѣ
ͬʱҲ֪ҲǱҪģǷƼϵǸӡǣͭűĶ
ȻʼЩĲ£
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400 ɣ
̸ҲǽˣΪӡǺͭŵ飬ҲЩ˵Ϊ˲÷̫ڵģȻҲǲȥˡ
ڷϵǸӡǣȴǰУ׼Ȼȥ˾ͰǸӡǸȻȥعǲ֪һЩ顣
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ʵϣڼǿȷˣƲܻһͨķˣҲħ֮ĶҲЩ㲻Ƶʲô⻰ȴЩøعˡ
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ô˵֮ǰЩֱʧ漴ֿô֪֮⣬ʲô𣿡
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˽ʾ֭˰죬ʼջ벻֮£ҲֻˣֻԺˣ
кһȻæƿռһ֧ʺһֽ
عʱЩͷˡ
Ȼڷݵعܸһ𰸣ǹڷӡǵ飬û׼ǻ֪һЩأ
ҲǼӵĹ򣬸㽫Լ֮ǰӡǸ˳Ȼֽݵǰ
ЩĿ˹ȥǽţüͷȴǺȻӡǣ￴ģ


401 ӡ
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ʣȻǲֱ˵ӡڷϿˣûȷӡǵ״ʲô֮ǰ˭Ҳܸߣ
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˵ţ˹ȥ
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ô£ѵķŴľֵ𣿾ѾˣҲˣѵλ
￴ģ
ʵ֪Լû֮󣬸ҲԽӺŵǴʲôأλִʲôֺͷͭʲôϵ
һŴʱ̫ˣЩǲסˣҼǵúڴɽʥ΢칬ģ
ɽʥ΢칬
ֳЩ׵ĵطʱƤʱһһԵعҲǺɫ
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ֹһ䣬漴ֿ˵Ǹӡǳʲôطģ
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˰죬ҲǺһţΪ֣Լ˽⵽Ϣʵ̫˵㣬Ψһ֪һϢǴеģ֪Щʱǧǰôʱ䣬˭֪Щʲô仯
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402 ϱۣ
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һԵعһ⻰ҲǸæ˵ͷûûСҲΪ׵İ취ˣ
ıԻأŴǲˣҲӦǿħ֮ˣԼĵؽ磬ǿɲһʲô°
عȻΪһأһɣʵʵȴǲôһְڹڴ򶷣򵥵˵عְλʵһڹְ
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ȻиһҲǸħĶأʱùĻԼ
عǺϣܽϱͥȻͥ£
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ţ˲һһ취ʱֳԺ֮С
ţװĿ˿ع˵ʵ¸ô鷳ģΪǸ˼ĸѾǲˣ
ˣô£

һԵعʱҲһĺ档
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ȻһʼǺ˵ģôҲһֱ˵ȥˣʱɱǺڻ޵ҲֻԼնѣ֮⣬Ҳû֪ʱˣ»ɵԼ˵ģ
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Ϊʲô
Щֵʵϵĺ쳱δɢȥ
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˭֪⻰һڣȴЦ


403 ĵ
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Ȼڸ˵Ǯ̫ΪɾõԭƺͨĹ𻨾Ʊһʮģ
Ҳ˵һԭɾʮͨ𻨾ƣĹɾƣȻˣζȴ˾̾ѡ
ȻɾƺмֵǸȴûԭֻΪȥԭɾҪˣ
¹еĲֻÿİʮŻῪһڼֻ̣һѣҲֻһ￪ʼѼɾơ
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404 ɾ
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ҲȱǮǮ򵽵ĶԷ˵Ҳ㲻ǶˣŲǮĺö
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ԴҺȪˮѾȥɹɲˣΪɹɲȪˮǼֱС׼ˣȻҲûɷźöԷҪȥһĶˡ
ȥ֮ǰݵ֮⣬ɹţɲ軹жʮڸɨЩȻԼԣ͸ȴΪʲˡ
ϾЩǮҲĶ
ҹĻ֮ʱͷѾǳˡ
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΢΢һ㶣׷ΪʲôôʣǴûʲôΪҲʵҲһӪʽǳ֮ΪӪɣʵﻹЩˬģΪʱ˺ܶѶû򵽣
һ⻰ЩСҾ˰ɣ
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ȴǱļΪ
ݺأܣ㷨ޱȣδĸǵñĹԹԵģỹһЩͷ۵Ůˣ
ʱҲǷָϵЩԾ漴ǺʵСߣôˣ
壬ʵھµİɣֻһѣ
εĿŷ˵
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Цһ£Ȼ˵˵ҾƳʵҿģ
㿪ģôأ֪ǼҾƳƽа
Ϊ𾪵˵
͵˵ûҾƳȷʵǲƽУǱߵҲûв룬ȫȨһȥˣҾƳȷʵµģƣΪƳԱǷŵģҲ֪ô£ȻͨˣģԺֻҪȾƣֻҪһ绰ҪҶ
Ľ֮󣬷һԵķ˹ȥȻ˵Ѿͷ֪˶԰ɣ
ûѽô֪أ
Ƽװ޹˵Ȼһ̵ıȥæ׼ȥˣĸͷҡҡͷ


405 ƹɨ
ܵ˵εİݷûǺ˳ģԹ֮󣬷ֺ͸һЩⷽ飬һЩԼľ飬Щ鲢ǺܹģΪϵһ㶼ϲ˦ƹģҲֱӾܾҲֻƵƵĵͷ
Ͼŵӵʱ򣬸Ÿˡ
ʱ䣬ǸȥͥʱˣȻȥͥѾûǿԵҪ󣬵԰Ǳ߻Ҫʱȥ鿴һġ
ڶһ磬ٴ۾ʱȻǳˡ
˼һһȵĴڣͥȴǲģʱͥȻǺһģһʮֵİ
ϸ˵ĻͥҪĿľΪ˸ϵǸŵǴʲôΪ֪ʵ̫ЩܽеɻԸǴԼͥһ¡
ҪĶȻԼɨʦˣڴ֮ǰǵɽУ
ţ԰ķȥˡ
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ֵմСѾˣ԰ڵδ٣Ҳǲǰ޼ģĿ
ع˵ţ㽫һĺ˵һĶ˹
𣿡
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عǱĺ˵һĶʱȴǸæ˰˵ÿ˲ÿˣعһŵùģԺ԰ͷλտˣˣ
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ߣ
ۼˣعһʿȻҲ޿κΡ
أֱɨѸķȥˣʲôĻɨӦǻɨѸġ
ȻٽɨѸʱ򣬸ȻһϤ
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Ϊʦ𣿡
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˭֪ʱɨǵıӺһȻ͵رһ𣬸æ²鿴ʱʱ˱ӡ
㰡ζƺĹɾưģǹɾƣ
أأĶأ
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ţǰһ̳ζǴ̳ɢģ
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СӣûûСģȻϷŪΪʦϿѾ
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ǣȴǳ֮ˡ
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𡭡𰡣ͽ߰
ɨȾƣǾƲڣ඼Գ֮ΪƹˣȻҲ֪ĹɾƣͥвɶõļƷɾƣȴҲֻǰʱҺһ֮⣬Ҳûһڹɾˡ
ԭֻΪ¹ǽأһͲܽ룬ΪԭҲǴûг¹ġ
һȥһɨȻҲûʲôȥϼ̳ɾˡ
˭뵽أԼͽȴǵõɾƣ
ζֻһţɨǾЩ̲סˣŸȻҪŹɾ뿪ﻹ̵ס
عͷǹ˻еɾƣȻ˵ôʦղŲ뿪𣿡
ɶΪʦղ˵ˣȻͥҲԼĹɨѸǿԾ߶һҲʦͽĸ鲻𣿿ȥȥ¶ȥ˵
ɨǸæЦ˵۾ȴʼն˸еĹɾϣ


406 չˣ
е̳ɾƣǴТɨǵģҲջһɨǰˣȻɨѸŶȥˡ
ɨѸ֮󣬸Žе̳ɾƵݸɨǡ
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þƺþƣ
һڹɾ¶ǣɨǶʱ̾漴æһڡ
ȴЩΪɨǻһĻԼеĿҪˣ˱æֹɨǵʦȣƺ˵ģ
ˣ
ɨһ⻰ȴЦСӣԼҲ˵ˣˣʦΪʦɣʲô
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֮ǰ͸ɨǵ̳ɾƣǸԼװģҲҵĹɾưˣŵģԭװĹɾƣһ̳Ҳиʮˣ
ջɨǵ±Ǹæס죬漴ֺƱһƵһеĶԸ˵ɵͽܣ㿴ⰡΪʦΨһͽܰΪʦǿ൱ذʲôϽʰɣΪʦȻ֪޲ԣ޲
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ôãҲ֪ûгʲô
ţ漴ɨʵʦ飬ͥʲô𣿡
ûûУԴϴθֿ֮ûΪʦԯȥˣĸ׮µҲ⣬ȻȥˣôţɸǱ߾Ȼ˵ڱչûʱ䣡Ϊʦ¾֪϶ɸλİ취ˣҲãûܻɵͷˣ
ɨǸæ˵ֻ۾ȴʼն˸еĹɾϡ
а¹ȻǸԼһȻǱλ취˹ȥ
ʦҿӣҲûʲôصܼͥܲ˼ȥ
ֵ
ˣɨǰ˰֣˵λҲǹģȻ˱չӣȷˣеʱһչǾǳɰǧ꣬¿ҲûôɣԾȥɣ˼öУɵעˣǧɷʵݣȻ¿סģ
˼ĵ˵ͷ漴ǴӿڴһֽֽϻŵģǷϵǸƾŵӡǣ
Ϊ˱ɨʲôģҲ˸ۣӡǸĲȱȫҪɨĻ˵ԼһзֵģΪЩ棬Ա
ȻЩƭɨǵ˼Ϊ˷ƵİȫҲֻˣ
ȻѾƾһӡǸĲȱȫˣֻҪ֮ǰӡǵˣ϶Ҳܵһϳģ
ʦ֮ǰ˼ʱһżпһķţҾŻʲô˼˼ϻǸ㲻ףæŵǴʲô
˵ţСĽӡǵֽŵ˹ȥ
ᣬɨǵĿȴʼնŸߵ̳ɾƣۿŸһֽ˹ɨֱ˹ȻĿ˹ȥֻŸϽش⣬Ȼĺһٹɾƣ
˭ֻ֪һۣɨǺǱɫ


407 
ɨͻȻɫжʱҲǽΪɨǿӡǵķӦǱضˣ
ɴ˿ɼɨȷʵҲӦ֪һЩģ
ţȴǺ˼ڴ
ʦôˣѵʶӡ𣿡
ۿɨʼһصĶеֽţû˿ķӦ̲ס㿪ʵ
ţ
ɨκһƺǴӳ˼˹漴ָæһصĿͽܣӡ㵽Ǵ﷢ֵģ
ҸղŲǸǴһʮƾɵĹżвҵģ
ƺЩɨǼ׷ǹżɣ漴ָæǱżҲѾȫˣǲûзʲôõϢ
ɨǵ˵ͷ漴һصֽϵӡǿ˹ȥ
ȴǲȥɨˣǾһԵȺš
ãɨ̾˿һǧˣû뵽Ȼȥôˣ
һ⻰æСʵʦ˵⻰ʲô˼
ɨǻ˻еֽţȻԸ͵Ϊʦһμŵʱһǧǰķ֮սû뵽һǧ֮󣬾ȻǼţ
һɨ˵ȴǺ뵽һ⣬һɻʵʦô˵ǰȷʵǼˣ
ɨǲ˵ֻǵ˵ͷĬˡ
ǲ԰üͷ˵ҼǵҵһͥʱΪôƣҲļ䣬ΪʲôҲʶӡأ
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ɴ˿ɼӡȷʵǴһЩ˲õĶģȻɨҲˣ
ţ漴ȲʵʦӡǵǴʲôҲøңȻʵЩŲ£
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һ⻰ʱɫһϲæлʦֻҪ֪ҾͺˣʵҲЩˣģ
ɨǵ˵ͷ漴˹ӡǵĹ¡
Ҫ˵ӡǣȻٲҪ˵ķ֮սˣɨ˵ķ֮սĲֻķ˺ɣǻһ硱Ĵڣ
ЩڣڵʱΪ족
ν죬ǵĴڣǷΪŸоŵҲΪˣ
ҲģνֻҪڣǾԲģǵʱǡ֮սȻǺ谭ı硣
ͷȻʱΪʲôɱʼֻԼһ飬вǵʱȻҲͬĶԿ죡
һģȻˣ
ɨûмľģΪʱ򣬾ͱλָסˣдͷģȻʥˣҲν塣
ɨڵʱȻѾ֮ʼջûз񣬶Ҳ֪ƾԼ޷Կģ˶Σƴɱ
϶ӡǣӡģһŵ֡
һţֱӦž죬ЩҲֱӦ¡
ɨȻʼնûмģôһ˲䣬̧ͷʱȴǺгһӰ
ӰʻҺɫֹ߲ǧɣͺһһ㣬գһ˫۾նޱȣһ˿Уֻǿһۣɨǵʱܵһǰδеѹ㽫Ԫѹˣ
漴ǵӰʧˣɨҲ˼һǵӰ뿪ʱɨȴ俴ˣؿڴһӡǣ
ӡǣǸӡǣ
ǸӰеľ죡


408 
ʱ򣬸ѾȫĿɿڴˡ
ȻҲƾһӡǴĿһΪĴڣôҲû뵽ӡĶȻǡ족
ν죬ѵõĶʵĶ
ȻǸƾһӡǴ˾죬ôֺеľʲôϵ
еͭŵĻ᲻Ǿأ
ϸ룬»мѭģ֮ǰ˵̫Ԫʼıһħǿ϶òģʥҲУҪĻǿɾˣ
һôôָжأ
ѾЩˡ
ǼǹŷƵ飬漴ָæɨʵʦô쵽ôˣλǲɱ죡
ɨҡҡͷ죬۸ĻԺʥƥУ컹оŸˣʥ˺֣Ҳûɱ죬ֻǽһѣȻҲٲһҪǸﻹЩԵ֣
ɨ˵ţ˹
΢΢һ㶣Բɨǵ˼
ɨǵһЦ漴͵Ϊʦ˵ģ֮ǰõǰˣı屾ϹʣڶԿʱһΪİŻ죬ҲˣϹʲˣҲǱеľδ֪Ľȥˣ
һ⻰ŻȻıϹʣѾ֪ˣ֪ǣȻģ
Ұɨǵ˵Ӧȫϳ˲ŶԣôҲ˵ͭźŵģӦòνľˣǾĻֻʲôȻѾȫˣΪʲôӡǻڷأ
ƺе㲻Ծ
ţ漴ʵʦ˵ѾǱһˣΪһľѣӦҲûˣǼȻ˵ĻΪʲô˼仹־ӡأƺЩ˵ͨ
ɨԼɽŻ˵֪ˣȻѾǱһˣʱȴûٻȥкܴһֶɱˣȻҲһСǱˣɢ֮У֮սͥйһδΧˣ񶼸ɱ˸ɸɾΪʦΪӦѾǱȫɱˣ˭뵽˼ȻŲд
ľ֮ǰûаѷƵɨǣȻɨ½ȥɱȥˡ
ͨɨǵЩȻǿȷˣӦþһʱһˣҸݷϵӡӦھ
һ֮ǰ˵Ǿ仰ҲȷĴ𰸡
ȲˡֲҲħɣ
뵽ʱ򣬸ȴǺЩȻŷƲʲôΣ˼飬ͭűĶȴˣ
ȻƵѾǿȷˣǹڷеָͭνͣǾĻֻ˭أ
ѵͭźŵĶҲھµһλ񣿶Ⱦ죿嶼ɱŽӡ
Ȼɻ󣬵ȴҲ֪⻰ζǲ˵ˣ⻰Ҫ˵϶ǻɨǵĻɵģʱƿɾΣˣ
飬ֻǿԼˣ
Ϊ˲Լ¶ǽɨһЩ⣬ֱɨЩͷʱ򣬸ˣ֮ǰó̳ӹɾƣȻҲɨˡ
֮ɨǶеֽǷ˴Ƭ֮૵˵ǼȻѾٴγˣôҲӦÿ˰ɣǧĵȴҲ֪ʱǾͷ
ɨ˵ţķ˹ȥ̾ѣǧǿˣ
ɨѸ֮󣬸һʱҲǲص˼ȥˣΪĿǰԼԺпܻͥסȥˣȻĻôҲȥҸסĵطɣ
ɨѸȻҲסɨѸôĵطҪסĻδҲЩ̫ˣҺɨסһĻҲжԸûпɨѸ
ʲôϵأ
Ҫ֪Ȼֵͥմˣ֮ͥУҲһԼĹģ
ҪȥĵطȻֵˣ


409 ȥֵ
ֵλźͱŽ֮ɨѸҲ̫ԶʱɨƵָ£ֵ
ʱ˿̣ǰģһƻֺĹˣϷһңֵĸ̽֡
ȻȲöĶҪСϼţǸȴѾЦĺϲ£ˡ
ϾѣȲԼĹ
ڸֵǿקſըˣ
û뵽ԼȻҲӵһˣ
һЦ漴æֵ˹ȥ
пǵĽ֮ǰķҲ׵ȥˡ
˭뵽أǰԼֻһҲҵ꣬Ǽ֮ԼȴǳΪɣһͥӵһԼĹ
ľҲû˭ˣ
ˣ
Ҳ
˭֪ʱȴǺײһʲô棬һĻ̫ͻȻһʱҲûôӦֻüһֿڣȻͱײ˸߻أһƨ˵ϡ
Ҳʹ⵽ô°
һŶͷһЩǰ˹ȥʵЩ㲻ףǰûκζģԼôͻȻײһǽϣ
ƨվϸ۲ǰ龰
ȻûпκεĶԶĵطֵĴˣ
֣ѵǽ𣿿Ӧð԰ҶȥôǽȥԼĹˣ
жʱðһʣ£Ǹæɨ˳Ȼǰ˹ȥ
û׼ֵĵطһҪֱ֤أ
Ȼ飬ȴøٴΪɨ˳ȻǱһεǽڸ赲סˡ
ҿȷǣ赲ĶʲôɣһǽǽʵģɨһãȻһײ
ҲʲôΪʲôԼĹȥôĵô°
¿ЩëûôµİҪڱҲͰˣԼĹ
ȻԼļҶȥˣ
Уӽ컹ǽȥˣһ濴ǽ𣿴˴ƾˣ
ҲͻȻ˺ݣȻһ֮жʱֳУе֮Уεǽ˹ȥ
ҲУǽôôʵ
֮Уұ䣡
һȣе֮кǱһ޽Ȼǰεǽ˹ȥ
ҲȻǲУôĵô°
ۿŽȥ֮ǰǽʼջǵԼǰʱҲЩ޿κˣͷɥ̨֮ҲǺ䱬һ⣬Ȼһ˸ߡ
ûõģⲻǽɣһ󷨣赲޽ɼɽ룬Ǹǽȥģ
޽͵
һ⻰΢΢һ㶣Ȼʵ󷨣Ϊʲô󷨣
𻰣ԶĿһ߿ƶ˹æѸ⻰˵СЩһˣ
һ⻰кһȻæվָķ˹ȥȻԶĵطһ߸˹
˵ЩȻǱղŵһ춯ˣ
ǵùû뵽˰죬ֵûȥǰˣ
ֹһ䣬ȻſѾԼǰµһ
ǺˣΪڴ˴ǿֵѵ֪Υ𣿡
ԶģһŸӣƺʶҲ֪εֵմ
鱾ЩãͻȻǱ˸һ䣬鵱¸ǲˬ
ҪڱĵطҲͰˣҪ֪Լĵ̰Щǲǹ̫ܵЩ
ţû˵ʲôˣûµĻǻǸϽ뿪ɣˣ
дҺ˵㴩ĹŹֵģ϶ʲôˣĪ˼ɢ͵͵ܵͥˣȰ־ܣȻǿɾͲˣ
һŭ
Ź֣Ǻˣ
һ⻰Ƕʱǳ
Ȼµ磬ȷʵǺͥһɵĴЩ룬ӦҲʲôŹְɣԼôͲǺˣɢʲôӿ˾ɺ
ˣƽ飬Ȼſһ˵ˣɲʲôɢɣֵմ񣡡
ֵմ񣿹
һ⻰ǶȴǺЦ


410 ֵմ
Ϣ˵뷨ʵҲûЩЩʲôֻŸ˵֮󣬾뿪ˣϾ֪߲Щ֪ݣȻҲǲˡ
Ȼøʼδʱ˵ԼʱǰЩȴǺЦЦг˲мӣȻĻ
ǺˣۿǰһЦûЦ˾͸Ͻɣ
ʵЩĴЩһˡ
ͥʵͺ˼ʿһЩѲͥݻҪһЩҲѲһɡ
Ŀǰֵմ԰ְλһЩǿ׵ģ
ԣǰЩƺֻǴţˡ
ۿŸǶ࿴ڲѷһʱҲǶһźǶӳһָŸȵСӣ㵽ʲôˣ֪֪ðͥǶ
ش⣬Цʵ֪֪·ʲô
·ϣСӿԼֵմ˰
һЦ
⻰Ҫƭ˻Уƭֵܼȴûˣ
һ
Ŷѵʶֵմ𣿡
ǰЩ˵Ҳ˼Ȥʵ
ǵȻˣΪ׵СɱСǣֵܼ˾ѲߣֵմҲΪģʲôʱ򳤳ģˣ
ôмֵմ𣿡
ֵȴǺЩΪҲ׹ˣԭȺһﻹֵ֪մѾ˵Ϣ
ʵΪ׵΢΢һ㶣ȷʵһʱûмˣιǼһʱмֵմ𣿡
Ϊ׵һʵ
漴ҲǷ׷ҡҡͷĺܾûмˣ
ֵմأ
һЩɵĿ˵
ȴǲôԼ˵ĻΪͥϵɡرֵմɣûʲôʱɵģϸԼƺһûˣе㲻
ȻҲûʲôȥˣ漴ˣҲûʲôٺȥˣֱӸǰɣ֮ǰֵմѾǸȥˣҾһεֵմ񣡡
˵⻰ƺЩЩһﲻţֳʲô鷳ֱ㽫ɨƸ˦˹ȥ˵ɨƴԼСɨǵݣԴ֮ǰֵմȥ֮ɨҲӵֵմȨޣӦҲǿ֤Լݵİɣ
˵ЩʱǰЩ±Щˣһʱȴ޷ֱ٣ţǺ㿴һƶ˹ֱӱ㶪Ϊ׵С
һʱ־µе˹ȥֻһۣб㰵һˣ¿Ĵˣ
ûֵմ񣬶ǿ˸ͥεСɨǣ
ֵմȫ۵ĿͷҲûʲôʽ飬һɲ֪Ҳ֮ˣɨѵȴʽģҸպͷҲǼģ
˵ˣ֮ͥУӵɨƵģҲֻһһСɨˣɨǸ鷳ͥм˲֪˲ǰλȻСɨˣ
ΪɣȫûѵģôҲ˵֮ǰ˵Ļˣ
ȷʵεֵմ񰡣
ģ겻ֵմĹλԼѲ߷Χ֮ڵģ˵ԼӦǺúֺģ˭֪Լȴǰεֵմɼðˡ
ֵմٶ˵󲻴˵СҲСô˼ҲλɣԼЩǿǿ౶ˣ֮ͥУ·ϵǲСģ
뵽Ϊ׵ȻǱɫȻҲ˹һʱɫЩѿ
εֵմҲ֪ôΪǣϾһεֵմ񣬿ɲһദļһεҲˣ
һ˼ʱ򣬸
ι㿴û˾ͰƻҰɣ
εĿǰ˵
ŶŶֵմˡССʧ̬ˣ
Ϊ׵˵ţæǰ˼Ȼ󹧹ĽɨƵݵ˸У漴ָæ˵ԭλȻЩ
ۿЩԼ̬ȻǱĹƺˣ֪Ҳǽˣֱ㽫Ȼ׼ȥƿǵεǽڡ
һ㶣ȻЩɻĿԶǶ˵ôߣ
Ҫ𣿡
Ϊ׵ƺŸĻ
ûǻǸϽ߰ɣҪˣ
˵ͷѾȫ˼ֵϣʵûʲôȥЩˣЩһ뿪ԽԶԽãҲԼˡ
ô˵һʱǸæ˿Ϊο϶ǻһЩģ˭뵽εֵմȻƮƮһ仰ͷŹǡ
ʵЩŰεֵմδҲ̫ദ˰ɣ
ţǻǸæӦ˹漴׼ȥˣͬʱҲǰˣԺҪڷʲô춯ĻԼǵɣȻû׼ֻεֵմˣ
ʱΪ׵ȴ뵽ʲôæŸֵմ
΢΢һ㶣µĲҲǺͣŤͷһɻĿôˣǲǻ뿴ɵƣ
ǲǣֵմˣæ˰ֵֵմǲʲô鷳ҪŵùСɵĻСɻ԰æ
˵⻰ʱȻ˼ֵİˡ
ǰëԼкҲһ֮ǰôΣʼն޷ƿǵεǽڣ֮˵ûȷʵǿƵĿģȻԼ֪İ취ǿǰƺȴ֪ģȻ϶Ҳ˵ˡ
ţȻ㶼˵ˣôҲͲˣ˵ȷʵһ飬ñҲ޿κΣ
˵ţǰ˼Ȼǵεǽ˵ɴ˴ǰŲ鿴һֵģñû뵽ǣȴǱһ󷨸Χְ취ûƿ󷨣֪ʲô취𣿡
˵ţΪ׵˹ȥһ㶣ΪͻȻ䷢֣ǰЩܲȻԼ˹
øһʱЩɻ˵ǶҸѵʲôֵĶ
Ƭ֮󣬸̲סڵôˣΪʲôôֵĿűɣ
Ϊ׵ЩŵĿŸ˵ɣĲ֪𣿡
֪֪ʲôң
ЩƵĿһۣ㿴֪𣿡
Ϊ׵һЦȻŸ
ԭʱ˿̣Χֵ󷨣һֱ󷨣󷨣ֻ
ͥڶ࣬ȻҲǺܶ࣬ЩʱΪĳЩԭǻ˾סĵطЩʱҲΪһЩСͥеСǵʱס֮
ǰҲǷٴˣĳոְ˳ҪԼµĹ˵طһˣطѾǱһЩСǸ߰ˣ
ٺͥҲһµӦ԰취
ǾǣͥΪԭǨְֻ߽֮Ҫʱ˾סģᱻֱ󷨣ΪľǷֹͥеСҡ
εҪסⱻ˱󷨵ĹҪȥͥġɵ󡱱Ȼȷ֮󣬲Ż᳷Ᵽ󷨣
ٵģȻҲˡ
Ҳ˵ҪֵĻôԼȥͥġ²ˣ
ôôô鷳أ
а
֮ջǾҪȥɵһˣֵǽҲҪȥģ
ۿŸƺѾ¶˾ģһΪ׵æʵֵմȥĻСɿԴȥɵСҲȥˣúܣ
ɨ֣ɵ·ȻҲ֪ģɵµȴȫҲ֪ˣʱۿǰëԼȻҲȴ֮ˣ
ȻĻôͷˣ߰ɣ
ЩȲ˵
˵ͷ漴ֳһ˵ǼѲߣȥɵһ⣡ò˶þͻģ

һæݵ
Ŵɵķȥˡ


411 ǧ
ʵϣ֮ԻôĺģȫҲֻǳĵĶѣ
ΪʵȷǷķŹǣ
Ͼ֮ͥУ۸Ҳǲû׼ͷ˵ΪˣǱȴָͱӣǷʤһôһ취
һ·ϣĿʼն޵ڸϴţҪλεֵմ񵽵ǲһ۸ļһֻǿϧ˰Ҳûʲô
ɵͥġ²ƹɵһȻҲͥбȽҪһˣ֮ͥĵط
ѾǹŵĵؽˣԲûܵŵӰ죬ڿз˺һ֮ǰĳǺЩ
ֵմɵˣ
ԶģָŲԶһ޴ĹԸ˵
ʱҲΪΪ⻹ǵһμôɡ
ֻʱ˿̣ԶСԼϣͥеɣһɨҲиǧ֮ˣ
ͥôˣǵһμôɣ
ֻЩɣɷǣ뷢԰׵ģҲнüĿǱõģгΪעĿģвٵŮɡ
һĻڸȻޱȵˣصһ˲䣬ҲŲٵ˹
ԭֻΪ¸ɶһԵЩЩ
ȻҪģҲǿˣǰװˣһɣΪһǿǲʮǧˡ
ۼһЩģڸ֮ǰͿ˸µƣȻҲ֪˸ݣǿɱϾҲ˶ѣڸ֮Ųĵ
£һЩɿʼ˽
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ˣЩ˿϶ԼԴܵˣԼʵڲ̫ˡ
Զɵ󣬴ԱһСţԸһӻֻǴſȴֻ˶ѡ
һԵСţȻۣǴ˿ȴһѵŶţǳȻ˼Ƹᣡ
ĺ棬һԵʵְĴţΪʲôǷҪȥǱŶСأ
ֵմ֪æ͵ɵĹҲǺܶģţǸһߵģֻͥλɲſͨУһɣôֻȥԱߵСˣ
ĺ棬û뵽ɵȻôĹأ漴ֵôӦıߵأ
ȻˣЦЦ˵ֵմͥλɣȻǺǲһˣ
ʱҲ˿ȻֿһСǰŵĳӣ˵ԼҲЩȨģȻҪҲҪŶӵĻôõʱ䰡
ţ漴ֶһԵ˵ô߰ɣϽ꣬Ҳȥɵֵˣ
˵⻰æ첽ɵ˹ȥһԵҲǸæ첽׷
һĻΧЩ
ǿֵļһȻţ
ˣʲô˰ΪƺɰΪʲô֮ͥУ
ɵĴţλɲſͨеģѵҲλ𣿡
ʲôأͥλô׵õȻ֪СӵʲôͷҸҿ϶϶ǽȥɵŵģſڵ϶Ὣģ
һʱ䣬ָǴ˸ĶУȴȥˡ
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ʱɵſȴǳΪֵɡ
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ഫǧۡ˳ԭΪ𾫡ˮ
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ǧۺ˳ͥĵλҲǲ͵ģ
˵ݵɣӦûʲôҪɵģʲô£ֻҪкɵȻҲǲȥģʵǲҪǰİ
£ȴ
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ǧ۲ֻͻȻЩ漴˵ٵȵȿɣǳأ
֮ǰ˵㿴еôô˵ˣ
˳Щ˵ƺǧ۵Ļ
ǧ΢΢һЦ漴ֵʱ򿴵δؾģδҲģҲӦöðʱأҲûʲôĵطҾûǿˣ
˰ˣô˵ɣҲѣȻ˵û¶Ǿ˰ɣϸ˵Ļֲǹܣǵǲʲôİ
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ּɨǴ˼ѡһͥ飬ǧҲ֪ģԵһĻʱ򣬵±ɨҪˣ
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Ҳ֪Ȼģһķأ
Եɨǽǿשȥʱǧ۵Ŀ㶢ǿשˡ
ۿǿשֱӴͥ䵽˼䣬ȻһŮ˹ȥ
ȻһŮˣ
ۿɨµǿשȻһŮ˵˹ȥǧۺҲһ¡
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ֻǿשڿҪҵǸŮϵʱ򣬺ȴӲת˷Ȼֱӱһͷҹȥˣ
ţǸשҵ˺ǻ˹ȥҲǱɨǸеͥˡ
£ɨûзʲô쳣ǧȴǳһ
ΪʱУǿשҵӦһŮˣһˣ
˼ͻȻôķˣ
⵽ô£
ǧ۵ʱЩˣҲ֪ôȥ͸ղˡ
ѵǷǷǿשı˷
ԲԣҪһͥ䵽˼İשı䷽һģ
ѵɨǸɵģ
Ҳԣ
ȫûôɰֻҪԸ⣬ָκͥͽܣʵûбҪһٰ
ҿɨǵӣƺҲȫȻ֪İ
ǧԽЩɻ
ʱȻɻ󣬵ȴҲûн¸ɨǣΪֻһֵ¶һҪ¶
ҲΪˣǸשҵͥΪҲ˼ֺ档
һʱǧʼն˽۲Ÿ۲ͥ˼һһ
еǣͥ˼һֱǼΪصģûκγ飬һСҲûз
ôأһͻȻΪһɣôܾһСҲأ
ֱĳһʱǧ˹
ȻԴԻҵۣ
ǧ־ŭ뵽


412 
ǧͥλߣ̷ңֻһ˵۵ĸ֮ˣ
ΪҲǲףȻǴﵽ˴мΪˮƽٹϼǧĻΪ޽Ҳʲô¡
ɾȻǺ֪ıԴԻΪۣ
ֱд̫
ǧ۵־ŭ˵ı£ΪܹµģҲǴ޽ɡ׼Ԫ޽ˣ֮ͥУָ
ŭԼһ񣬾ȻǱ˵ˣˣ
ŭ֮ǧۺҲһЩ顣
ȣѾ֪ˣɨѡͽܵʱȷʵӦǱֽŵģҿ˵ıӦûǸ߹ɨǵģȻɨҲһֱڹˡ
ߣѡͥǸˣӦҲһķˣֻһķˣΪλҪֹԼȥ鿴
ȻǸԴԻԼˣ
ǧȻ֪˭ȴ֪ԼٴγֵĻ϶ǿԽǸ˸ģ
Ե£ǧһ
ǾǸٸǧ۵ͨһǼΪ׵ģŶóͿ֪ǧⷢˣ£취ȴвͨˡ
ǲƵ˵ķҪ˵Ļض˵ע⣬ʱԣ̶ʱԼһʲô壿
ҼȻҪֹԼ鿴ôʵģȻҲǺ͸ӴģֻҪԼŸҲ
Ϊ˵Ķ֣ȨԼǰĺˣ
ڸٴͥʱǧ۱ԶԶĸڸˡ
ǧ޵ıһ˫۾ǲͨǧ֮ľҲǿһٸҪ̫ڿҲûܷĴڡ
ǧ۸ŸۿŸǧȴЩ޿κˣ˫۾ʲôطԿΨܿκξͥһ󷨵ģ谭ߡ
ûӣȻܿǾ͵Űɣ
ǧֿʼٰĵĵȺҲ֪˶ãǳˣ
Ȼ޳ģ
һʱ䣬ǧ˲ǽʷҵΪ˻Ŀ꣬Ϊ֪һֱʷҵģôԵ޹ʵıߣ
֮䣬϶ʲôĹϵ
иðͷǧۺȴҡҡͷΪˣʷҵĿǰΪֻڴɴڶѣԼҪҵ˲̫ˣΪûЩµģ
˵ʷҵӦǱųˣ
ǧ۽ָŸȥӣȻȥ԰԰ǧҲĿ͵ҵĹ̡
Ȼһи˿ҲûвΪʱǧǧ֮۲һһ
͵ҵʱǧе־£Ҳû뵽ӷķˣȻǸҴôĻ£
԰ĸĵ̣͵һӻ͵ôˣǱץĻȻҪն̨һˣ

ţǧۺȴЦΪ֪Ǹ˼ȻΪǰ˶Լ֣ô϶ҲǲĿ˱Щץն̨ģ
϶ǻٴγֵģ
ţǧкЩ
ҪĲҪץǸˣ֪Ǹ˵˭ֻҪ֪ݣȻٽе鶼֪ۣôеĺȻҲǿ֪ˣ
ۿŸ޷ɱǧҲǸæȥ
ûãǧ۱㿴һϣǸ֮ϣƺˣ
ҵˣ
ǧдϲֻںǸһɣ϶ԼҪѰҵˣ¸æ˵˹ȥ
ǽ飬ȴЩɻ󲻽Ϊ䷢֣Լ񲢲֪Ǹǳʲôģ
Ϊ˵ģʼնڱ仯ţֻգһ۾˲ԼղſˣȥʱȴѾ֮ǰģˡ
ңģ˺֪Լ͵ƵģҶԷȫһмһ˵ģ
ǧ˵ֱǰδ飬飬Ҳʵ벻ף֮ͥУĸӵͨ
Ϊ𾪵ʱǱȴǷһЩ飬ֻһ԰ȻǺͯģ˳ͻˡ
ֻǿͯһۣǧ˲㱻һ


413 ʮ
Щʶͯǧȴʶģһֹһˣ
ģǾȻ̫鱦µˮͯӣ
ǧжʱһȻͷϺð˶ĺ顣
ˮ̷̫ͯ鱦µͯӣƽǲ뿪鱦벽ģȻˮͯô鱦϶Ҳˣ
Լû´ĻںǸһɣ鱦ˣ
뵽ʱǧѾǿҪɵˣкһ˿ĻɣõʥˣͥߵĴڣôһһķ˸ȤأѵԼ
ţǧ۸æСĿ˹ȥһӣȴö˵۾
һʱ䣬һĪѹȸжʱ㽫ǧ۸ȫá
Ҳһ˲Ĺ˲ȥˣǧҲ»ָɡ
ָһ˲䣬ȴǻ̱˵ϣң
ֻһ񣬾ԼȫãƺѹԾʥ֮
ʣǸȷʵ֮һ̫鱦
һǧеջҲȫõ˴𰸡
ɨ˼ѡͽܵʱӦþ鱦𶯵ֽˣԴԻԼ۵ģӦҲ鱦ˣ
ǧôҲû뵽ֻһ˶ѣȻ֮һ̫鱦֣
ǧȴҲ֪Լ˴鷳ˣ
ΪȻ鱦
Ҫλʥˣû׼ֻϼͷ뿪ˣ鱦ǿɾ͵ˣ
Ͼ鱦𣬿ʥƢΪһλˣ
ţԶĵطһǳǧ۲̧ͷ˹ȥ˲ǲ㱻ˣֻ鱦µĻͯӣȻһ޽һıˣ
һ뵽ԼпҲˣǧ۶ʱ㺹ˣ
Ȼ˿̾鱦ǧԶȴûܵ˼Ϊ֪ԼΣҲӲ鱦ĵģ£Ҳû˿Ҳ߲ˡ
ȻǧȴԽЩ
֮Ի᲻ΪʲôʲôҲû
ѵԼˣʵ鱦ͲΪԼ
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ʥ˵˼ԼԲµ͸ģ
޾ļ尾Уʮȥˡ
ʮ죬ǧۼҪˣҪܣÿиͷʱȴǻһɺ֮ھԼ
ֻҪҶһͻ
ʮ죬ǧۿñȹһ֮á
ڣڵʮʱ鱦ȥˣûǧۣҲûɱֻϢȥ˶ѡ
ǧû˵ʲôĻҲϢ뿪ˡ
֮ǧ۲ٹעκйڸ飬Ҳûн֮ǰۣ͵ҵҲǱտڲᣬΪ֪ԼٲִµĻô´ûôõˣ
Ϊͷ۵ǣ֮ǰнɨͽ֮±˶ֽŵֵ֪ǧƫƫһҲһԽ֪֮󣬱Ҫ
ǧҲסеֱֲӸ˳Ҳֻһֱˡ
ı֮һ鱦𣬵ͺñǵ鱦ǧ˳
ǧû뵽ǣ˳Ȼǲ֪õһЩϢ˵ǸᵽɵΪ˲˳ʲôǧҲǸ˹
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ò˵˳ķӦЩǧ۵֮ˣȻ׵ľͽ¸ҹȥˡ
Ҳǲʲôɣ
ҲãԲõ鱦ˡ
ţǧ۱Ǹæ˿
˭֪͵ת뿪ʱԵ˳ȴǺԶĸ˹ȥǻһ˿ΪŵЦ⡣
СӣţǺֻܿģ
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Ǹһ£ǲǸ˰ֻȡֵı󷨶ѣӦþͲд˰ɣ
СĿǰһλڰϵ˵


414 
۾һţŸǹأҪסɣҪдһ뵥Ȼٽ
Ҫ
һ⻰ʱȻǹأȻҲֻˣ漴ֵôһ£Ҫأ
ĻʱͺˣĻҪɣ̶ģ
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һ۸д֣ͻȻֱֹ
ĺ棬ôˣʲô˵˵˵£
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һ⻰ǰ˸һۣϵȴû֮ǰôˡ
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΢΢һ㶣Щȵ˵ô֪Ǵ˼ģ
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һȻָæԼǷ˹ȥС˵ɣҲ֪Ǹմ˼ģͥĹҲ̫ͥûһסĵطܲܰҰ


415 ֵ
һ⻰ǱЩԥûãȴǺֽе˹ȥ
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ɵһлæͣԼֵȥˣЩȲˣǸȻҲǸߡ
ϵҲΪͨһ·ϵĹ۲죬ڼǿԿ϶ˣλεֵմ񣬲һ۸Сˣ˵ĻȻҲģ
Ҳ˵֮ǰ飬ֵմûзϣ
˵һϢԺĵĵĻᱻͱˡ
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ڿֵʱ򣬸ǶһۣǰţΪȷػ󷨵ȡûУԻСЩĺá
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Ȼһ͵ڶ취вͨôʣģҲֻеְ취ˡ


416 ϻ
֮ǰ˵ĵ취±뵽˹µĹ֮ͥһȥСˣȻҲǲˡ
ռҲŲٵСȴûдﵽεĵزҲǲڸĿǷΧ֮ˣ
ҲûʲôϵҪ֪֮ͥУСģҪҼԼūŮҲʲô¡
мȻ뷨±׼жˡ
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ϸһ룬ƺһ漴˵ͷǽƺ뵽ʲôֶԸȻˣôСȥˣЩ黹Ҫ֪һģ
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ͥСȻԱΪūŮҪǵݻϿɣҪǰɵȥΪǻȡһݵģûݵĻôǵĴھͲϷԺпܻᱻɸˣ

һ⻰ʱЩͷ˰죬ȥҼС˵ģǻҪЩСϻڣȻĻЩСʼնǺڻʱбɵΣգ
ˣȻˣôԼȻֻȥһɵˣɵѾȥһˣȥһҲûɶ˵ģ
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˼СΪĳЩԭǣŴͨĶСͺñȸԺеЩСǣ˼ǿһģ
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ܵ˵εжǺĵģ
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˷ֱ֮˳ȴǾֱҸˡ
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ֻһ˶ѣȻһϹӣһ˱ӣ˵ϵôܣ
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ǧһģ˭֪ǧȴǺԸ׷ȥˣϣҲҪ׷ȥˣ
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˳ʵЩ벻ס
ʱͻȻһ˿Ծĵط
ɫΪʲôôأ
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417 ʱշ
ֻͷգ˿ѾȫǱһֵɫӿͺҪƵġ
ⲻӦð
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µȻ֮ͥУΧľɫҲûʲôı仯˳ȴ֪Լ£Բ֮ͥˣ
ΪԴղſʼƺûƶ
Χľ󣬾Ȼǰʱ֮ǰľҲ˵ʱһֱԭشת

ⲻܣ
ԼͥĻôԲܻᷢ飬Ҳ˵Լ£Ѿ֮ͥˣ
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ֻҪʩߵǿκεطʩչʱշ򣬶ҷΧҲǺʩߵϢϢصģ
ȻֻǶڱʩСɲãΪͬȵ˵ȴȫûˣ
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һ˲ӿ˳Դ
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һеһУȻǰģ
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˳ٴοʵ˵⻰ʱȴǰڳ׼ս̬
ΪɣһٸҲǰԪ޽ɵĶ֣˳ʱҲǻȥˣΪ֪ǰˣǾԲ׷ŹԼģ
رԼ֪ô֮
һ绹ƴһˣ
˭֪ʱԶǸȴǺҡҡͷȻΪź˵ǿϧˣ
˳һæϧʲô㵽˭Ϊʲôͥ
˺ٺһЦ˵䣬Ŵ֪̫ˣұɱģɱĻܴ鷳ǿϧˣҲɱˣ
˳һȻֺ˿ܱסģ
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Ȼɱ㣬ǹ飬㻹ǵĺã
˳֮ǰһ仰ˡ


418 С
Ҳ֪˶ã˳Ƶת˹ǰĳʱһסˡ
֣ôģ
˳ֵͷ˵ȫҲ벻Լôطģ
ãʼջ벻ףҲͲˣǼȥˡ
˳ȥ˲䣬ԶĵطȴǺһˣֻ˲䣬˱ʧˡ
ͬʱͥĳУһԼʮòΰҲǺ۾ɫ֮ɫ
ΪʲôأԶزȥˣѵͲܰȵĻ𣿡
૵˵ãȴǺ̾˿
ڷЩµʱ򣬸ҲǵԼĿĵˡ
·ϣΪԭֽͥСǵļظһ飬ŷ֣ԭͥСǵûңֻиң
ͥеСǣͥǱΪǷĴڣ֮˼ĶﻹҪңΪ˼Ķ뻹һЩרŵķɱţͥЩСȴûκαġ
ǰͥǣԶǽĲɱץͥǾԺϷģԽԽǿʼЩСѡūŮ澣Ҳ𽥵ˣȻʱʱķ
ǲɱСǲҪеκεεģС˺ɱɣôǽǵΧˣͥǾԲ飡
ʱ򣬸˹Ϊʲô֮ǰԼôˣҪǻԼĻ϶ҲǲԸɴ򽻵ġ
Ҳ֪ǲΪԭСʱˣȻһֶֻûп
ԣ
˵ˣһֻﶼûпʵ̫ˣļֱЩ죡
أ
ʱԶĵطȴǺһХ˲㽫Ŀⱻȥˡ
Ϊ±Զ϶һԲܻһֻͨϻ
Ȼͨϻô϶ϻˣ
ϸ룬ҪһϻŵĻǼֱǲҪ̫簡
ţæХĵطȥˡ
˵طһȴǺסˣò˵ǰĳЩ֮ˡ
ֻ˿̳ģŻӣһ֪϶Ǻԯһ޶ͥɶˣ˵Уվŵģһȴһֻ׻ӸղŵХֻ׻ˡ
Ƕ治Զĵط˿ȴվѾεССһŮЩСǵı壬ǴϵȴǱŵòˡ
⻹ˣԼղſ˹ͥζԴЩСǵģû뵽¾ĳ
ͥСͥǷǷĴڣͥǿץģ¸Ѿ֪ˣȻЩ̣ȴҲûд֡
һ²һ£鷳ѾǹˣǸϽҼСȻ뿪˰ɣ
ţ±׼뿪ˡ
˭֪ʱ·ԶɽУȴǺһ춯ۿҶһ·ҡļͥɶȥʱҲ˼Ȥ
֪Ȼģʲôأ
ЩɣϿ뿪
һȣеֺԾ˳Ȼֱһɶ˹ȥ
ȿֵģʱҲЩסˣΪǸ־ȻһֻССĺ
ҺΪεСֻͬڻǰ˰״̬ʥյż̫֮СЩֻһײӡ
СһͷСǵȴһҲСʱ˿ֻ̣һ֦ݺݵŰ׻ɶ˹ȥ
ȴǲ뿪ˡ
ҪֻСʲôı£
ۿֻСҪ˵Ŵ׻ɶʱκһӶסˣϸһƣŷС˿ѾǱɶµĴ׻β͸סˣ
ſҷſңЩɣ֪۸ǣſң
СһеľôǴ׻βͣһߴ
ȻһٶȴǵɶЦŴ׻ɶСһм˵дССĺðү㵱ǲˣ
СŭɣϿſңб¸Ҵһܣ
һܣ㣿
ɶ⻰̲סЦ˳ֻСӵʲôӿ֮ͥеɣֻһֻͨСѣƾҲҸӶ֣Ϊʥ𣿡
⻰һڣɶҲЦ


419 б¸Ҵ򰡣
ۼˣСԽŭôˣĻδؾͱˣҳһ죬ҲʥģʱǾ͵ưɣ
С˵⻰ֱӽеĹŴ׻ɶ˹ȥһӲƫУҵɶϡ
ɶ֮һССľȻǲ˵ģۿžȻǱһֻССĺˣˣʱջ
ɶЦԽŭ
Сӣɵĺã֮ǰûôģڣɱֱĺˣ
Ŵ׻ɶݺݵĶС˵
ɶһ׺ݵģСƺҲЩˣղűŻһǵģ˭뵽һЩ̫ˣȻǰеĹҵǸɵϣ
㡭ʲôҡҿɲ㣡
С̿ˮΪŵ˵
ûȷʵǲ±ӵģΪҲûЩʲôɾͲһˣɶ˵ŻµĴ׻ţǰûгԹɣξͱˣ㳢ʵɣ
⻰һڣǵСɫԶСһ˲ɫǱΪЩֻͥ׽ŪһˣҲ˭뵽ЩɾȻɱǡ
ͬʱɶµĴ׻ȴǷһ˷ܵĺȻҪСͽˡ
ۼˣСҲ˲ʲôˣֱӱſԼϵĴ׻βҧȥ
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С飬صһ˲һģȻȵվסˣ֮ǰڴ׻ϵɶȴ±ˤ˸ʺ
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Сǵ⼱ˣЦųѾһɶͷ
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Сȴǲڵˣæ첽˹ȥȻЩĶزز˵ٱˣʱͲҪűˣ˰ɣϿұҪˣ
⻰˵㿴ǻζһ£ȻţС̾˿ˣز˵䲻ˣ
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ʲôôȻҲʥգҵȿĴ֮һͨԳҲŲأҿǵϴҪǲǵĻ˭ǣǸϽزڳȻ߰ɣϵط
С˵⻰ֽһԵĵϼһ֧С֦ȻŽǼͥɶ˹ȥ
ۼˣСʱҲû˰취ֻǸæ˵ϵҪǿڳ
ʱԶǸɶɶĲҲվվһ˲䣬ɶʱ㼫ΪŭĶߵֻ׻һţлǲǲˣȻҰѱӸ˦ҪǿЩ׻Ѫķϣͽɱˣ𱾹ӵ֮𣿸
ء
ɶǴ׻ֻǼΪ˻һȻԹſڵϲڶˣɶ
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˵ֻ׻ղſҪСģСʵûʲôɰͷղɶĻСҲͻȻ׹ˣԭֻ׻ҲǱƵġ
ͬΪ壬ʵǲĿԼͬЩһô
ȻղȷʵԵԼţԼҲҧβͣӦҲǳƽ˰ɣ
Са뵽
仰ҲǴɶĶ
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420 
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Լȴֻһֻһ֦СӰˣ
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ڸղţҲǿԴ뿪ģܣΪһѣһزǱ䲻ˣҪǲĻ϶ǻᱻЩǸɱģ
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ۿԼΪɵϲܵһӵƣɶﻹ̵ס±̽һץԼĴָȡһѱ
ȥԸֻ֣ӾͽҴɣ
֮ǰŴ׻ɶɶԸ
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Сһ±ЩżʲôҲǵĶ֣
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ɶһ׺ݵ˵漴һߵĴ׻ϣܲͷ˵𣿻ϽȥץסֻӣҪģҪ
أ
һ⻰Ǵ׻ǵͺһȻ̵վ
ȻСǹ˲ǰɶʹ׻ˣæСȥ˹ȥлιȵȣȵȣǵĶ֣Ҫȥǣ
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ӣΪڻʱȥıɣ
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СǰĴ׻
׻һ⻰ҲЩԥ
ߺߣֻӣȻӵﶼ߷ҲգȻôϲӵĻôӾͳȫɣţӸıˣֻӻ˰ɣ
ɶЦ˵
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أ
׻˲һͺ𣬲ղȴǶһ˿ŭ⡣
ȻΥӵĲˣڸϿӳԵֻӣȻһɱ
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أ
˭֪ʱǴ׻һͺ𣬲Уȴǰ쳣ķŭͲͬʱ׻צµСҲЦ
ȻҲҵĻһҪ
ۿžȻԼﶼԼˣɶʱ㼫ΪŭĶµĴ׻˭֪ûʱµĴ׻ԾһӦ±Ǳ˦˰֮С
ͬʱСȴһ˲䷴Ӧ˹ڴ׻һԾһ˲䣬æ˳Ŵ׻צıϡ
׻ȥȾزǣ
ۿѾƽزˣСæ
أ
һХ׻ҲǺ˹ȥ
ҲգۼĹˣ׻˲ǴС嵽ߣȻײȥɶֻǰļСôҲû뵽ԼȻǻᱻһ˵﹥»ûļʲôӦͱײ÷
㣬ôûðҪȥˣ
СŴ׻ϣżǰС˵
ǰȻǳһֻ׻ǼСбһΪ׻ǵأǽֿǴ׻ϵСӣ˿
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أ
׻ƺϲС֣˷ܵĺһȻתȥ
һתǴ׻һϵСҲǸһ
ֻ֮ǰɺƱһƵģվڲԶĵطһԹ޵Ķǣϵ·˿ҲǱҲٶЩˣⶼǰСӺʹ׻ˣ
ʱ˿̣СҲû֮ǰɫΪ֪ЩɿҪˣ
úúãȻı˱ӣѱӵ³Ӧ֪İɣЩǰûɱ㣬ڿҲǺ죬Ƕ
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һɶ͵
˵Ǵ֮ǶҪˣǻҾ˰
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˭֪һ⻰֮ǰŴ׻ɶȴЦЩϧˣΪҸҿ϶Ȼ϶ʬ嶼Ҳˣ
˵ŻɶкǶһСС¯ֻ¯ҲǰƴСʳɫƻһַģƺһڻķ
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𶦣ѵװŵľǾ˵Աȼ̫ϵ˼ĳ𣿡
һɶҲǸæ
νĳǻǾһĻ棬ȡ͵ػҲĻ𣬻еҽеĻ棬ֻ澭һط֮󣬱γνĳ
𣬷紵ˮ𣬵Ǻ̫ϵһ޶ʵҲưˣϾ𣬱νĳˣ
ɶһ㵵ģó𶦵ɶҲΪһ˵ǣҵĸǻǾǼΪҪõѣ𶦾ǻǾ͸ҵģһֱҲûʲôطʹãðɣ
ǳǲϨ𣿵ʱǸô𣿡
һɶǵǵ˵
ǰ˵ֻҪһƺûа취ֹģҲϨ𣬳еĶʱɽᱻٵģ
һɶҲΪĵ˵ȻҲɱǰЩСǶóԿƵĶǲЩ̫ˣ
ų𶦵ɶһ⻰ȴǲмƲƲ죬ȻֵһûãȻ㵨ҲûУһɽվˣͥɽмأյһʲôģɽﶼ֣ǶˣҲû˻˵ʲôģˣҪǲҵĻһԿźˣԼ
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С±ɫһ䣬ȻץĶɶ㡭ôôֻҶѣǵ飬ΪʲôҪٵһɽ
һɽУ֣һСļңСôĿٵ
ɶһ⻰Цӣ˵ѾˣǶ
˵ŻɶҪȥǳ𶦸򿪡
һĻСбһһˣ¿Ҫˣ
˭֪ʱȴһӺǴϵƫеҵɶԴϡ
ϣ
һҽУɶʱ㱻ҷڵˣϵĳҲǷ˳ȥ
Ȼ㲻⵽Ƿʲô¶ǿǳ𶦷ɳһ˲䣬СǸæӦ˹
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С˿˵
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421 ɵƣаɣ
С̧ͷһ㿴һŴǹһֻµȻһ

ԣӦǲִܰɵģ

ҲԣŲ񰡣
ۿǰЩһ䵽ԼϣҲֻ΢΢Ц
ʵ¸ǲܵģΪЩͥɶֻеģץֻСˣ湻֮뿪ˣǰСӳƺЩ鷳
ţСӾȻǸɶһЩЩɶģ˵±ΪСӺʡ
ɶˤĿյСӦǿԴСߵģǽŲ֪Ϊȴûߣǿʼһ
¸ǿˣΪ̫ԶԵʣҲûС˵Щʲô
֮ܶھСӶսɶˣһﵹҲǹģȻǰɶµĴ׻߷ˣת
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Щ֮ٿǸó𶦵ɶʱԺбĳˡɵƣ֣
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ԲԣҼǵɨӦһͷӣʲôʱֱˣ㿴ЩһЩ˼ķˣ
ˣôܣĲ˵˵ƣͥɷģԲдģ
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422 Ұգ
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ֹһ䣬Ȼɶ˹ȥ
ʵֻɶ˿̶һŭĶԼرվǰǸͷѪļһֱҪƵģ
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Ϊ׵ɶŸ
֣ǿԲ׵Ĵ֣ǶɨͥλɣȴǲˣΪȻɶҲͥλӸλǱȷʵûκεȨģƽһЩûλСǰˣˣ絹ˣһλˣȴǵùһЩȻ·ҲһС
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ΪʮǾȻǱɨǵĹλ࣬ȴûֵմĹλߣ˵ڻǼְģֵȴѾסȥˣҲ˵ͥȷʵǳݵģʱתӦҲʲôˡ
˵ѹǲǶʮǾģ
⻹Ļôﻹһƣ
ƼȲʦɨǣҲǶ֮ǰ¹йһ֮ԵԪ˧
Ԫ˧ȻǱʥ֮һƹʮƺǺǶʮǾʲôϵҪ֪Ԫ˧Ϊʥ֮ǰǿǺպıޣΪ
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Ԫ˧һΪֵɣҪǱ֪ǰɶʵ׼ŻյһɽĻû׼һƽأ
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ɶһ⻰ɫһ䣬ҲǿˣǰɨǣԼղ˵һУһֱǱһν̬ȣĸ׶ǾʱȻˣ
һˣӦҲǲһ˿ԾĵطˣԷҪûʲô̵Ļ
վɶ뵽һˣ
ǰλƺûףԽŭ
ǱһֻӸŪ˰죬ԼҲ߷ˣȻֱɨǶһӸͷѪ֮ɨǾȻʼնһİɱ飬һеһУԽŭܿ죬ǣ
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423 
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ԼҪǳֵĻһǰɨǣǶҲǻһЩ鷳ģҪɨǱһָֻ˻ɱ˵ĻǿɾͲʲôˣ
ţȻʾߵɶ֡
ָ֮ʱǲæŽˣǴӻһƿһĶ
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ȻڲԶĴ׻һȴǺǿʲôͿµĶƵġ
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С
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ʵϹһΪ׵İ취ǩĸ䣬ȻҲһЩɲôΪȻܰЩ޸ƿţΪĳЩĻôǸǩĸҲǻܵɵģ
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ǰѡõľİ취ˣΪֻ׻һ߰ˣû׼Լ˾ͻᶪɱҪǩĸĻôʱǻʮֵ鷳ջʹ÷ٿֻ׻
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ڴ֮ǰǵ׻ЩȻҲɨǵĶ֣
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ʱ򣬸ȻҲ׹ˣԭһȻֻ׻ԸԼ˵ֻ׻ް׻ѪܱΣϾİ׻αһ࣬ȴû޵һ󣬸ʲôµģ
Сӣ㻹ǸϽЩС뿪ɣȻȻܻ˵ģ
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424 ܴܴĴɵ
ۿԼ䣬Ǵ׻ͻȻǶСӷ˹ҲЩʲôˣæһ˲СߣȻһѱ㽫ץһ˲ƣֳСߡ
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ΪҪ֪ǰɣ֮ǰɶΪɵﰡ
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ڴ֮ǰǵȴ޵˲У


425 ҪҪ
Ȼ˵ˣɶķӦȴЩ
Ϊһԥˡ
ûõļһ¹ȻҪԼ
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ҲǸ֪ЩʲôˣҪ֪ڴ޵⣬֪᲻һɵƣ
޺ͻսȫڸ֮УȫѹסֻԸоÿһγֵʱǼΪСĵģΨһ̫㽫ǻɱˣ
Ҳûа취ˣԴϴ˺ڻ֮Ϊǿ˲٣ѾǴɴɵΪˣԸһֻǼֱǲҪ̫ˡ
ҪԼԸ˲˺ǻɣ޾ǿɱֻģ
ʱĿһΪȻһѽԼ˹
ɵƣ滹ǲİ

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һѾû֮ǰһŵɫˣͷ˵ͷϵķҲɢ˿ɷǱ
ιⲻǶʮ֮һĶǾҵСǾôȴôǱˣ
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˵ŻֻͷȴǺһ̧ͷ㿴һֻ޴צͷֻüһ䡰ϣǱ»
ԴĲǱˣ֮ǰǻŵޣ޵ıϣ˿̻һϢĻΪ̫˵Եʣǻʱǻָ֮ǰ͡
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ʱԶһطһζţһӰǳ


426 Ҫ
Ҳ֪϶ɶеһˣ
ӣûôףȥ
һȻһָƿռ˲㻯һ˳ȥĿֱָɶ
֮ͥд࣬ͥռһΣյ飬һСı㱻˲Ըÿͥʱ򣬶Ƚ֮еһЩܻͥʹõĶŵɨһͲᱻ˲ˣ
ɶеٶȼ죬ٿȴû죬ֻգۼĹ˲㽫˸ʵʵ
ţԶĵطһ춯ֻһ˵Դ˳һɶˡ
΢΢һЦ˵һĵҲʱһִ֮ǰǸɶ˹ȥ
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ȻƽʱҲ׶೤ˣʹõʱȴǻƵı䳤Ϊı壬ϾıҲһԼɵʡ
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΢΢һЦжʱһ⡣
һӣɶڵĵطȥˡ
ͬʱǸ֮ǰſҪ˵ɶҲǿҪ̲סˣᣬȴѾͷϷˡ
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һ˼æһղµһͿɶ֣㿴ղǸɨǿӣǲǳҹ飿

һ⻰ղŻµһͿǸ֮ΪֵɶҲǸæӦ˹漴æµ˿вۻ֮Ȼ˹ȥ
ȻֻǿһۣʱҲסˡ
Ϊͥɶɣӵ޾ҫЩɶ֮ûжȤģֻںһЩģ˼顣
ص㡢ֹɺסԼȺɽеСЩɶΪϲֵĶһֶȻһֱϲȴʼû˸ҵȥ
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ഫһĸĸڣҹ飬ҹ飬ͥҲǼΪĶĶҲЩͥɶΪõĶ
ˣȴûǸȥȡĸڵҹ飬ԭֻΪ֮һ̫鱦ľס֮


427 
˵鱦𣬼ͥɵЩͥɶҲɫǵУȻ˶ûмλʥˣǹλʥ˵飬ȴ֪ˣ
ͥλʥˣȻеĲסͥÿͥѵʱ⼸λʥҲǳģ
λʥˣֱ̫̫ϾԪʼ鱦
λʥ֮У̫ϾΪֳԪʼУ鱦ĩβ
λʥ˵ʵҲЩ˵˵ʥˣʥ˸ʥ֮䣬ȻҲЩġ
̫ϾΪͣôʵҲûж˽ģʣ֮ͥУʶ֮ʥ֮ס
ԪʼôסԼĴɽʥ΢칬λʥ˵ԴһЩⲢûӰͥĵλ
Ԫʼ󷨱һΪޣΪ
ΪƷ鱦ųơ췣֮ޡԪʼʦ͡
޳ɫΪľ״޳֣жʮһڣÿһĵӡʮĵӡһϣǴԼͥϱ
췣֮ޣԼͥѰ
޵ҲǺʹϢϢصģⲻ֪ǽУֻһ֮ȡԪʼеҲǿ֪ˣ
ڵڶǿ鱦е鱦ˣ
ഫǴеƬ֮Լش֮ÿٿɲʮ·ǧ񣬰ǧɷ콫ҵ
⻰˵ʲô˼أ
˵ֻҪԪʼԸ⣬·һյķ֮սͥۡԼȫ㣬֮ͥϴȻٲۺ
ӵʥ˵Ϊӵķ֮ͥУ˭˸ҶۼҲһʦ
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λʥˣ鱦ƢҲǲ࣬ͥУ鱦ЩͥɶΪ֮ˣǸ߹ۣ
Ҳˣ֪ɵʢҹĸ˽Ҵ
ǿӵҹˣҲֻˣ
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˵ɱɨˣҪİɨǸ˵˵Ļ鱦ǣ
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ļһҪĻһȥˣǵһᣡˣҲһССɶԶԿҪĻ˵ˣҲ꣡
һɶ


428 
쵰ǧ֣ܶݡݺܲһ㣬ҪǶֵĻǶ
ͬʱһɶȴֱ˳ʼЩηݣҲǲֱӽݸ˵
ȻʱѾŭˣôںһ˵Щʲôǲܲ˵ὣ˹
ļһ
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ȫҲ֪ԼҪѰҵĹӵϢȻǰɶϣ
ܿ죬ͷɢˣΪʱ˿̣ѾǿҪˡ
ɨǣҽһҪɱ㣡
Ÿŭ
һЦбͷɣأ
źǿеıȻֿ˿Լе޽ֵҪӮĻδЩʤ֮ˣҲһһǹƽĸһɣ
˵Żһе޽Ƿһ⣬ɢ֮˲Ǳ֮еģ
ߣȻĻôһȫģ
һ˵ȴǲɵ˿ĸԸԼԼҲĶˣû뵽ǣȻʹɵ˿
ûǰɨǾԲԼĶ֣
𣡡
ʱǰ治ԶĵطȴǴһŭɫһ䣡
¸ǶǿˣϾһΪѾǵ˴ɵˮ׼ϹޣƤģɲܶԸ˵ˣ
㡭㲻˵Ҫҵ𣿼Ȼ˵ĻôҲӦ޳

΢΢һЦ֪϶ˣ˱˵öԣİɣǾԲֵģ
ʵѾ߰˰ˣһ˵һɣʵȴǲҪҪκεԴˣ
֮ͥУλӳɣΪҲǱ˼ʱǿһֹԸǰɶǾǴ´ˣѹͲҪ޳ְæ
˸ķԸֻһ˵ȥȻҲ֪ǰɶδǸĶ֣Ϊ͸ǩĸĹϵʼնǽİΣڵһλģԸøգ¸Ȼ´ôҲ޿κˣ
ۿ޹ȥЦ
ǰɨǻһɵӣȻôõĻᣬҪ޶ԸԼĻôԼҲģû뵽Ƿˣ
ˣȻĻôҵȻỹһˣô¶²̨ҶҲҪһЩģ
͸ͷˣɨϲˣͷҲΪã
ţ޾֮У·ѾǰǰɨǸˣ
ιҲ٣ʲôأھأͲһ𣿡
ʱǰ治Զĵطһ˲عӦʱȴһֻԼϲ˹
ʵģһźݺݵߵϣ˲㽫ӶȻֵ˲Զĵϡ
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ۿŸֹԼǾеŭʱҲɢ˼֣ͬʱҲǷӦ˹ˣҪĲǽѵȽֵմ֮鰡
ţǾɫŻһջ˱һ߶ſڵϵˣȻֵմΪ飬ôҾĹ㣬´εĻҾģ
ʲʲôֵմ
ǰСɨֵմ
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ڸⷬܣǾȻҲΪģȻλȷʵ֮ϣȴһںԼ˵ģ
һֵմ񣬾ȻôǫȻҲһ˲ţ
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433 Сӣ
̾˿Ǿ΢ЦŶԸ˵ͷȻҲ̫ǫˣҪ֪Ϊֵմ԰λǱǾ̫ˣҪʽϵĻû׼һóһأ
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һʱ䣬˶ǳЦЦ
ʱǾ֮ǰĵĶʱҲɢӰˣΪѹԼڿƺǲûģ
ͬʱһԵȴҲ˵ˣΪ֪Լǳ׵İˣҪ֪ǰɨǿɲֹɨǣֵͥմ԰ݣԼĸ׶ǾҪϼ֣
ˣһͥɶԶԿģ
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Ǿˣ϶׼֮ǰˣ˱æ˵ͷ߰ɣ
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ΪһֻС֣ȻҪյһɽ
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Ǿҿ϶ɽУ϶ǴһֻΪӽ޽Ϊˮ׼֣
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ĸо˲ǽĸҲǹ˲ȥزˣĵĸߡ
ǸɾȻٻԼСмǽţǺ£
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ۿһֻСֱԼ˹ﻹԼĳ𶦣Ǿ±㾪˵ˣղŸֻ˵ںܰȫû˵һֻСӵĻﰡ
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434 Ļ
ۿСӾȻ˵ĻʱҲЩЦǾȴ͵ĸˡ
Ϊ˲ûǾ̫ѿ漴æһĿСӵİɣλɿͥ˲õֻҪ˵ĻȻģҿԸ㱣֤

˸ĻСǴһǰüΪŹֵɣȻһԸİеĳ𶦸˹ȥ

ӹ˳𶦣Ǿ̾˿û뵽ⳡѾȻǱһֻССĺӸֹˣ
ʱȴǸΪպ
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ƺǿ˸룬ǾЦȻһص˵ղǲ˵޷Ϩƿصģ
ûûæ˵ͷⶫʵǲܽܣΪ̫Σˣ
⻰˵꣬һ㶣ΪͻȻ䷢ֻǾЦݱЩѰζ
ԴһȻһԾĿǾòңʱƭɣʵȫǿƿصģ
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˰죬ǵԼǾˣˣȻҲǱˣˣжʱһڶ
ǾֱһĻ滰
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֮ǰ֮ԲϽ𣬵ĵľ޷ƣһЩҪ˺¼Ȼ֪ǿԿƵģôʲôõĵأ
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ȻţǾǸڸĶߣٿĿھ˸
ֶһķҲû취Ѫס±εļס˻ǾڵĿھ
ʵ͸𶦣ǾȻҲһ˼ģԿ϶ǣǰֵմ񣬾һִˣ֮ǰϾͿԿóˣԽ͸Ϊĵġ
ȻҪģǱǻǾΪһǰ;ɣ
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ԺҪλӸλĻҲմⲻǣԼˣ޷ҲһˣֲʵҲ׬ˣ
˿ھһЩ飬ȻǾˡ
ŻǾȥӰЦû뵽ֻһ֮ãȻõ˳ıйǿӵϢһĻǲԩ
ôڸôأ
˵ţСӻС˹ȥ


435 ˮˮ
ֻ֮ǰǼֻССӺʹ׻ڣվԼԶĵط
Ȼձڳˡ
ƽĶۣʵϲǰֻСӵģϲϲûСӴֵȥ
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СҲҪ´εĻǿɾ˵ˡ
˵Ǿ仰ʱСӴ׻ֻСʱͱЩ
˵ղȷʵǾǣȴ˵ĻƺҲҪͽһģܲ
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һǹ޵ģо岻ѣ
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˵ŻӺ㷺һ̹⣬̹ɢ֮󣬸ǰǳһֻССĻü
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˵Żæǰֻˮһݡ
زǵǸ±͹ǣûʲôҪǸ
ʱǻüȴǷ˹һ߷ɻһߴߴ˵ŻȻزļ֮ϡ
䶨ֻ֮ˮһﻹҹزֲǲ֪زҪһµĻͻģɽĺúõģһҪܵ棬ڳˣȴƵزͷϣ
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飬ܾܾ
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ʱԶһХС΢΢һ㶣㿴֮ǰֻ׻ȻԼ˹
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أ
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С΢΢һЦȻһԾԾ˴׻ıϣ˵Ǻ£ԺΪˣ
㡭ֱǲüСĹǺǸæŲԶֻˮزǿȰȰСӰɣСӻǲϴӦ
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СӰСӣֵһ
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С⻰۾Ƿһ⣬ģֱҪˡ
øһΣϾûйӵľ


436 
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˵ˣл˵ɣ޿ĺʶĺϲ޵һˣ
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Сһ⻰æ۾ȻһִĿŸ˵
УûûޣôԸ㵽Ϊʲôϸ뿪˰ɣҲøһɰ

С׼شˡ
С԰㿴šز԰԰СüҲ԰˲赹ˮƣأȴûκο԰ﵽģҲߣ
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£۾һת˲һıӿͷ
Сӣ֪ղŵĵǸɶ˭𣿡

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ôˣ㻹ôˣ֪֪ЩͥɶǺѶԸļһȻˣҪǹĻҲǣµľڱͱӣ㶮⻰˼𣿡
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˵ţСӿ˹ȥ
ʱ˿̣СѾǱüˣ֮ԲҴӦΪԼȫһûõС֣ȲܰţҲܰ˲赹ˮȫһûõСӣʱô˵Сﻹ̵ס
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أ
£һֵĳ


437 ͨԳ
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ȥʱزǼС˴׻ıϣǴСӳޱϡ
֮ǰ޷ųԭ򣬾ΨŵɽеССѾҵˣҲûʲôĵˣò˵׻øһû뵽һȻҲǻɵġ
ʱ˿̣Сһ˷ܵſ޵Ķ֮ϣŲԶķ羰ȻܲԼԴһֻСӣȻǸȻҲ޻˵ˡ
ǰֻСӣ֪ΪΣЩΪǻ᲻ԾĽʥϵ
Ҫ֪ʥտ칬ˣҪСҲڵĻ鷳ɾʹˣ
ͷðȴǺεЦΪԼʵ̫ˣ
ʥΪʲôܴ칬
Ϊб£
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С˵ţЩ˷ƺԼƺź⡣
ʱкһΣʻ˵СֻҪشͺˣƫƫشԼ⣬Լһ⣬ŻԹԵԼشˣ
ĺԼһϴ󡱵ĳƺţ
ˣϴϴɣܺùһЩϡŹֵĳƺˡ
ţ˵ͷȻֿСӵУԺͺϴˣԸ˰ɣ
СͷŶԸ˵ֻ֪ԬĴ֮һͨԳҵֽʲôȴǲ֪ˣΪҴҲûҵĸĸ
ͨԳ
һֵʱ򣬸Ƥһ
⻹˵ʲôʲôղԼĴأû뵽ǰģȻĴ֮һͨԳ
Ҫ˵ͨԳҲһ򵥵
֮ɣ˹棬ëȴһǵط˷ǹ۷ëĴҲƻĺ
ĺһʯͨ仯ʶʱ֪ǻ
ڶǳ£Ƴ룬
ͨԳ£ǧɽݾ̣ǬĦŪ
⨺֪ܲǰ
ĺߣʮ֣֮֮
֮һʯʥգͨԳǰֻСӵˣֻӣȴǴδˣ
˵ͨԳǧİԳ޳ɵľ֣ԻԬ飬ķ֮սҲвμӹδ˶ꯣɴ˿ɼʵӦ֮ϵġ
ԬʹõıҲһӣͬʥյǸӣԬʹõİһ˿Ҳյ𹿰
ͨԳǴ˵֮
ܵ˵ͨԳһ˲õĴڣı£ʥǿй֮޲
ԬȻվڷ֮սʱ˸ɱˣıҲ䲻⵹øЩϧҪҵĻ͸СҲǲ
Ҳʱŷ֣ǰֻСǺһӲһģƺΪ̳ͨԳѪСӵһ˫ֱҲǼġ
˵ͨԳ£ǧɽݾ̣ǬĦŪı£Ҳ֪Сûıأ
ڴ֮ǰǵȽС£ţֵȻͨԳԬ飬ô㵱ȻԬˣջУиҿҲ벻Ұˣ
úúãллϴˣ
СӺٺһЦȻǶŸһݣ
˼Ƭ֮ԬĴ֮һͨԳͨԳ£ǧɽݾ̣ǬĦŪı£־ʹȡˣԺͽԬͨɣ
ԬͨԬͨԬͨ
Сһ߶˼֣һԴ׻ϵزǺˣҵֽԬͨ


438 
Сһ˷ܵɫСǻЦ
ˣϽһҪ˵أ
СģҲЦҡҡͷȻŶԸ
ϴģ
С˵ţָæڸǰڸɲǳݺ͸мôˣһĪиУ
ۿСǰˣ漴ֵãȻҲˣô㣬ʲôıأϾȿĴ֮һͨԳӦҲǻһЩͨɣ
⻰һڣСȴǲ˼ͷȻΪε˵ϴʵҾһֻСӶѣûʲôرı¡
һ⻰Щ֪СӾûƭԼΪȫûбҪСӼȻǼ̳Ĵ֮һͨԳѪΪʲôȴûͨԳһ˿һͨأ
ѵΪѪûѵԵ
ϸ룬ղٿش׻ʱƺҲʹĳְ취׻ڵİ׻ѪԴ׻űˣ˰׻һ˿ͨҲ˵С֮ûֻͨΪûмڵѪ
ţЦΪ֪Ѫ£ʵ˵Ҳ̫ѣһ˵ְ취ġ
һְ취ǽӵѪ֮˱֮ʱѪȻҲ;ˣְ취Ҳǰٷ֮ЧģӵѪ֮־ᶨĻû׼ˣ
˵취ȡ
ڶְ취˵ҪȫһЩѶȴǱȵһ࣬Ǿͨ̿ڵѪˣһ׵¶ỹҪڵѪˣ
Ƭ֮󣬸ڻǾСʹڶְ취ѪҲָСܰʲô¶Ծˡ
ȴһ⣬ǾСҪôأ
Сӣƽ𣿡
а
Сӵͷ˵
һ⻰ʱ˼Ȥæ˵˵ƽﶼôģ
ôôȻ˰
С˵ţ㿪ʼڸǰϰɡ
øһΪֻһĹˣ˶ᣬ㲻ʲô
˵ĻСӦǲİ
ţ˶ͷȻտʼʱ򲢲Сѧʲô£Դ֪ͨԳѪ֮󣬸˲Ǹı֮ǰ⡣
ȻСЩƤЩǶصģѧһЩҲǺõģû׼ԺܰﵽԼأͨԳѪҪǾû˵Ļ̫ϧˣ
ȻѾ¶ҪСѧµ˼ű㿪ʼŸѧʲôˣ
ѡģȻʥյıˣʥսСӱ£ʵûʲôգ޹ʵģ˼ΪʲôҪСӱ£
ȻʥѾǱųˣôҲֻˣ˰죬ʼջû뵽һʵˣϾ֮ͥҲʶٵɡ
ͽʥڵ칦ʮʵҲûܾƺЩʺС˰죬ʵҲû뵽һʵģҲͲȥˣҲ֪УҲѾصֵˡ
Զģֻһΰ׳Ĺ˲ԶĵطЦŸСӺֻСܵΣǾҵֵˣҲԺסĵطˣ
⡭ֵ̫ˣеطסˣ
ֵ׳ҶЩȲҪȥˣ
ԺҲ»ᱻ׷ˣ̫ˣ

һʱ䣬еСһ󼤶ĺ
СҲ⣬˿һ˷ܵĶŲԶֵ
Ҳ飬±ǽֵһֵ棬СǶʱ׷ò֡
ԴˣҲû˵ʲôϾǸһҲ̫ϤҲȥˣϤһµطҲǺõġ
ţּ򵥵ķԸ˼䣬ųֵֱɵȥˡ
СѾҵˣʣµҲֻȥɵΪС֤ˣȻԼͿԻص˼ȥˡ
ϸʱ䣬ԼѾͥ˰˸Сʱˣ˼Ļ඼һһҹˣһҲǹõġ
˵һεľٴɵʱҲᳵ·ˣθӴҲ֮ǰǸˣȡ֮һһɣɰµҲˬ죬ֻǼ򵥵˸⣬ȻûãͽСƵݸ˸
СΪСɣͭɵģƵӡֵƺͳƵСֵģǿСǵıܵ˵ⶫҲһ֤ˣ
СƣҲͣĸϻֵ
СνСǵʱЩһＸ˵ˣֻһɵЦĿеơ
õƵһ̣Ǿ֪ҲˣǿԱⲶɱĶˣ
֮󣬸漴ֶǰЩСԸˣ⼸ĹǼǵȰֵɨһ°ɣҪʲôµĻ´˵
Сһ⻰Щϴ˵⻰ʲô˼ѵ㲻סֵ𣿡
΢΢һЦС˵ҵݱȽ⣬ϸ˵ĻʵҲһɣǰ˰ÿͥµʱҾͻͥͥҪûµĻҾʹ˼䣬Ҳģҹ˼ͻģڴڼ䣬ǿɵðҺúÿֵ
û⣡ϴͷİɣֻҪұ֤û˿Խ
Сӵ±ĵı֤
İɣֵܶһúÿصģ
СҲǸæ˵ǿûôĵӸҳƺΪϴ
ţһЩ飬Ȼ뿪ֵ
ȥŵ·ϣǽǿŴˮֵҹҲ˳Ȼһɻ
ѾǿȷˣȷʵˮͯӵģһֱǲףΪʲôˮͯӵʱҪԼأðŴķա
ֻһССķˣʲôֵˮͯôأ
˰죬ǵû뵽ʲô飬ԽԺҲͲȥˣʱҲȻŸˡ
ٴ۾ʱ򣬸Ѿǻص˼ˡ
ֻһ£εЦȻϣһȷʵȥĹõˣڶѾǵڶʮˡ
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ʱ򣬼Ȼ˵жôĳ֣ҲЩ춯ģȴǱüΪһڵϵ
֣ѵǶȥ
Щɻ뵽
ţԶĵطȴǺһϸС̧ͷһʱüͷֻԶɳϣ˯ţֻǸһë̺
Ѿͷô˯ˣҲ¸ðˣ
ʱ򣬸֮ǰŵǷˣΪ֮ԻôǷʲôˣڿƺֻǼŮ˯̫˶ѣ
СꡢС꣬ѡѣ
ߵ˺ߺ󣬸ĺ˺֣׼úطȥ˯
˯ʵ۾ûǰĸʱб𡭡ң˯һҵȻȥ磡
ȿǰ˵ģʱһ˹ȻȻ
ʱȴЩɻ󲻽
С꣬㵽˵ʲô
ղźⷬĪĻЩͿһҲʱԽ
Ƿʲôˣ
Ȼ굱±һĿŸ磬ϵʱ򣬼ˣ

һ⻰±һ㶣ǽţȴǺЦ
ûиЩС͵Ȼ͵ͷˣȲ˵иعˣ˵ԺǮСǼֻÿŵС֣Ͳһ˿ԶԸˣȻС͵ҵļ͵
⻹ǡ
䣬Ȼ뵽һ⣬ֻһС͵ĻôǮСӦЩС͵ʱͲˣֻҪϼͿԽС͵ˣôҲᾪǰ
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ֻ¼νӦòһСɣ
ţָæʵС꣬˵˵⵽ô£ȥ
Ҫ𻰣ֻԶĵطһϸ΢춯ͷʱ򣬺㿴ԶһרСǴ˿ȻǷ˳
¸ԽЩ
⵽ô£


439 Ůߣϣ
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ڸһɻ󲻽ʱ򣬲ԶĹȴǺ
һԵҲ˵㻹ǹɣû´ĻӦΪģ
ң˭Ұ
ЩˣǸղŵĻУϡ֪һЩ顣
ȣϼ϶ϾӹˣҿλϾӻһˣǮСһСûֹǾ˺ǡ
ȻλϾô϶ҲǺǵĶˣϾǶǷˡ
ҿӣλϾӻǸץ˹һҹ͵Լأ
ţкЩ˭Լ͵أѵҵˣϸƺֿܣϾԼʱǰȷ׷ϵˣҪѰĻƺҲ֮ˣ
òҲ԰ô˵ҲڷɸĵӦûǶģѰĻҲ͵͵ɣΪȷǼµĻôӦҲ֪Լʵİôֻһ
һʱ䣬ЩɻȻ벻ףҲͲȥˣϾ۵ļһѾǱǸץסˣԼȥʲͺˣα˼أ
ţæվȻֱ˹ȥۼˣɳϵĺҲǸæվЬ֮ҲǸŸ˹
û°ɣ
ߵ͹ǰ֮󣬸Ǻż˵ˣһϵ͹ʵ
һ˵ߣҲʲôˣôܻ˵أ
ƺǵԼݱڵǸ֪ҲԳƱˡ
ҲİɣǶûˣһҹû˯Щ˰ˣ
һ⻰ʱֻعͷȥĺҲһû˯𣿡
ǲǣ˰ֵֻضһû˯ҸղʵЩסˣ˯һ
Ϊʲô˯أ˵ѾץˣΪʲôҪһҹ
ΪǰöΣÿζ׵ѣȻû취ﶢһҹȻΪԸô
һû˵
һԵĺæͷûûкüζ㱻ˣ
Ŷô
ͺô˵еĺ治ɵñǼ˼֣漴æǰ˵ˣȻѾѹˣôǾȥ˯ɣһｻҾͿˣ
㣿ҿɸ㣬һ鷳ģ
ܲŵĿ˸һ˵
Դֻ΢΢һЦȻΪǿӲ˵ˣͽˣǸϽȥϢɣһû˯ȦˣϽϢȥɣ
ۼˣŮҲͲ˵Щʲôˣ͸к֮󣬱¥ȥˡ
Ŀ뿪֮󣬸תȻƿǰţҪ˵˭Ȼı£
С䱾һЩĵطҲǶʮƽ׵ĵطˣ߽ȥ֮󣬸к΢΢һ
ΪôҲû뵽νϾӣȻһŮˣ
ҿƺҲһŮô򵥣ϵĴŴƺһ˵еߣ
ߴ˿̵ĴȴǲôãǱϣ۾סˡ
ձеһְҵ򵥵Ľ;ڹŴձһܹʩ⡰ѵսɱ֡սֵڡϵ֯Եĵλ̬Щڡһ֯
ߵĹҪΪزߡƻɱռзǰ鱨ҵзԮصֵʱڰΪ飬ҲֻƬպ󶫴·ˣߵʷ¼޼
֮Ի֪ЩߵϢҪ鹦ǰرϲһСӰߡһʱǳְҵЩϢҲǸʱĴѼġ
ôҲû뵽Լȴһߣ
ûǱһϷõĶסĿ⡣
ǰȥһֻϷŵģһЩΪϡŹֵİме֡
Ӧþ｣˰ɣ
Ӧǽɣ˵ܵʱʹõģ
ӦþǴ˵еĿ˰ɣ

ȴǺżˣȤĴϷõĸְУ˿Ҳ˿ڲԶǸŮߡ
ʱǸŮȴǿˡ
Ǹ𣿡


440 ŮߣУ
⻰żش⣬ǴǰѰȡһѶСʮַĿޣȻųһŵŮǰ
ղûü۲һŮߣʱϸһƣŷ֣߳õҲǺƯģҲǲЩϧˣʲôãҪ
и뷨ȴεЦ˵ԼôˣôǻȥһЩ޹ص飿
ǰŮ˵ݣҲǴŲµ˼֣Ͼǰãļһ֮ͣʱЩһﶼԺеСǸˣȻعһͺǹСƣͨСҰĽ֪ͣСһС顱֯ģ
СҰԼҲ֯һԱ
ô˵ˣǰŮ˿϶Ҳ֯еһԱˣȻε֪Լסַأ
ֱΪֹ뷨Ҳֻһ²ѣϾԼղҲûǶѰҵݵСƣҲûϵǼ٣ǰŮ߲֪ˣ
ţžеĿǸŮϻ˹ȥ
ƺǲʲôǸŮɫ¾һ䡣
𶯣ȻҪǻҿǲḺģ

ԣŮ߶ʱ׸˺Լˣ±㲻ٶˡ
ſޣֻһŮ۾ŵĺڲ
ǸŮգգ۾ƺӦĹߣƬ̧֮ͷǸ𣿡
ЦЦһ߰еĿһ˵ҾǸ˰ɣƺӦŶԣûʵȨεķϣһǸɣûҾǸû´ĻӦʶİɣ
˵ţ㽫һľƵСƶǰŮǰϡ
СƣǲǰعĶȻʱСҰȥˣǸָҪ˻
ȻǰϵСʱŮߵɫ˲һ䣬Ҳǻش˸ˡ
ŵǰʱɹһҵļǴεĽӦҲ֪˰ɣҺܺ棬Ϊʲôǻҵλֻһˣ
һˣһôˣһˣֵù֮ǰһˣ
Ů˵
ûͷȫŵģϾһЩһǸսԺӾͱˣûУղżǼŮô
˵ţЦŮ߿˹ȥ
Ůһ⻰ǳĬ
ΪԸղǼŮݺʵڻЩ޷⡣
С㿪ʼѧϰвʮˣ֯Ҳһʵ̣߳˵ԸͨŮӦûκεģǵŸղŮʱȴһɵۡ
ٶٿ죬ЩŮʼջǸٶȣһѰǸСŮȥʱЩȻǴڸһ㣬СŮһ˿һҲû˵Ϊ
ۿԣȳ֮ģǵ׼˵ʱŷԼӲˣ
ŮץסˣȻһϣȻڼҲѹ˼ΣЩŮϷͼڵһʱٴν
Ȼ֪ǼŮʵݣȴףǿ϶һˣ
ˣѾǹһҹ
ȻЩŮʵ𾪣ǰȴǲһˣΪֱڣҲûǰ˵ʲô¡
ţЦȻȻҲ֪ʲôˣǵʵӹɵģҺǣأʲô£˵ֻǱǸˣ
仰еķζ±ǶˣҲֻǵЦЦ˵û뵽㲻ֹǻ˵ĵԣڻĵ֪ʶҲ˽ģղǾ䡮ӹɡͲһ˿˵ˣǼҲпϣδ̫С˰ɣΪʲôΪҪǵıҪҵıأ
ô֪𣿡
ŮЦЦ˵вԾ¶һԲ
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ˵
ΪǶķңȴ˿ĵΪֻһŮˣ֪֪ЩŮˣǲСģ
⻰˵ʱֻŮߺ͵ȥȻ˲һϵӺһӶѿˣȫվʱȻȫָɡ
ʱ˿̣ȴһ̾ĿǰŮߣò˵ղŵ׶ǱݵˮһֿӰĸо
㲻ӦСҵģ
Ů˵ţȻ±׼𹥻ģڼ֮Ʒ
ʱֻڲԶĸȴЦЦ˲һ˿õԤС
о仰˵ˣԴӼĵһۣҾûС㣬һֱǰ㵱һĶֶԴģ
˵ޱȵš
Ů΢΢һºǲˣ漴Ϊʲôûзңƾӣ
ʼ磬ν˵ΪûбҪһһҵƿ֮УֻҪԸ⣬ʱ㣬Ȼ˵֪һУҾǻԻһַʽҶãΪĻʵЩ̫³ˣ
⻰һڣŮߺüͷƽĶۣʵ̫ǰ˵ĻǿһݵӣƺȷӦȫ׼ֱΪֹȻûзκβԾĵط
ֻŻҶѣҸ㣡
˵⻰ʱŮߵɫǱȻָ£Ϊ֮˹
ǰŮߵĹȴֻЩϧҡҡͷǵģǲô鷳ģˣˣ
һ仰˵ʱ򣬸̧ͷݶ˹ȥ
ֻʱ˿̣ݶɫӰ
ߺߣµ㻹ƭңǲᡭ
Ůֻ˿ȻŻΪ֮ǰͼӼˣ˸֮⣬ǾԲκˣҲֻЦܲ˵˹ȥ
Ļ˵һ룬һɼΪϢȻϷϮ
һΪ˿ҲǲˣԼϷȷʵʲôģԻһһ
һʱ䣬ǲżȥԸǰĸˣ˫΢΢ʹӲڰеתһӣȿǰǸʲôƱ͵һȻָֻֻ׸ǰСİ˹ȥ
ʱ򣬸ЩȻֲúô󶼰סԭһְ
һּֽ׹İʽʽװָϵģֱϵģͿóֹȻԼĵøû뵽ǣŮ˾Ȼǰּ׹ָ档
Ҳ˵Ůʵָ׵ģǲƳɵּ׹ƽԵߵʹãȻҲǲڻˣּ׹棬ָף
ҪǻĻ϶Ҳǲע⵽ϸСϸڵģҲֲúˣһ֣ҲûôģΪĶ˲һ˿һģ
ţЦ
硭
Ȼ漴ģһƽײ
ţŮſ˺ǰģˣֻһۣ¶˼Ϊֵɫ·Ǳŵ˼㡣
ֻʱ˿̣ͻȻǰģȻһμΪִĻɫߡ
ֻԼˮͰϸʻɫڵƹҫ¾Ȼƽһ
ֻһ˲Ĺ˺㱻߸סˡ
ٴ۾ʱ۵ıǼΪµоӵԴˡ
˵ȻǸİ취ˡ
ʵҪƷŮߣʹõѡ񣬵ǸȴôΪǰŮȻһߣȴҲһˣô׵ĶǲҪóˡ
ȻҪģǰŮߵ󣬿һΪӴ֯ģû֮ǰҲ͸¶̫ʵ
ԼС£ض֯˵ӦòʲôˣϾ֮ǰѾ˽ˣδػΪЩСֻ֣ǰǸһЩ˵Ķˡ
ֵɫǸ֮ǰԺееһסСԺ඼ľʵģŲٵĺ֮ǰʱĵİŵӵĺˣȻһֱǱߣʱ׼ж
˸ȻҲǿٳ
ǻɱץҲֻǽŮ˸ס˶ѣȲҲᱻѣ
ôܺú̸һ̸𣿡
ʱֿ˵


441 Ůߣ£
ۿԼ¾ȻǱһ޴߸סӣԼĹҲǶãŮߵɫ¾ͱüΪҰ
ʱ˹ǰǺܲ򵥣֮ԲԼֻΪȫ׼
ͭͷһĹΣ
ˣǿڵҲɱңҪɱҵĻʲôҲòˣ
˵ûһûɱ㣬Ҳ׼㣬һбİ취㿪ڣ
һ˵ŻһվһŮ˹ȥ
Ҫʲô
Ȼ˵Ų£ǵ߹ʱǸŮ߻ǲɵЩ
Դˣֻ΢΢һЦȻ̧ͷ˿Ǿͷ­ȵİɣ
һ⻰±˸˼Ȼ˹ٽ֮ʱ㳤˾޴ͣ¶żĶ
һ죬˲һŵζֻʱס˺ȻŽӷ˾Ķ֮¡
£һɫĶҺǶӵĹ򣬱Ѿ˴뱭ˡ
ˣ
ۿŲˣŽǾ˳ȻֶǾԸһ䡣
⣬±ֱͣȻֽԴ߸
ζеĴ뱭Һźָֺ˵ʵһӦûжģ߱ȽһЩߣһߣֻΪĳЩԭųӣʼձĶԣһֱĶԵ׻ʲôӣûʲô᳢ԣڿܰһأ
˵ţŮ߿˹ȥ
ղŲ˵㲻ɱôԶˣ
Ůɫʵ
ģ˵ĻȻģﻹһܽ߶ĽҩӦǲģҲֻӦãΪǰҲûʵ飬òҲ̫ɣ
˵Ż㽫еĶҺŮ߿е˹ȥ
ۼˣŮ߶ʱɫһ仯ƺԥʲô
ۿǱҺҪյԼʱŮȴǺЦЦΪ
΢΢һ㶣Цʲôʵ˵װɵҲûõģⱭҺҿ϶ȥģ
ΪʲôҪôأŮЦֲĵˣ෴ģӦˣ
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һ⻰ȴЦѣ˻˵ˣûǴĻӦǱҼҰɣڸղţ㻹ͼҪɱңϻ𣿺úúãȻ˵Ӧҵѣôó֤ɣֻҪһ㣬ⱭҺȸ㿴
˵ţصĽеĶҺٷһԵϡ
⻰һڣһԵĻɫȴһӵ˹ģ·˵ϴôô棿Ҫô죿
Դˣֻǲͷĳ˰֣ʾһ㣬ȻŮ߿˹ȥ
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Цһ׷ҵĳŵֻҪҵѣϺȸ㿴
ĵ˵
ʱ˿̣ǰŮ˼ȫ˵ˣ˵ʲôԼţΨѵ˵ȴһŵģ
Ϊ֮ǰСҰĽ֪֯ڵĳԱŶСҰձȻձһɱģΪһ꣬ȻձûʲôøУȴҲĿһɱķ
֮ǰ֯ǲһЩļСҰ˵ƺΪпܻὫԼУǲһǰŮ˵ĿģȻҲǺ֮ǰͬˣ
Ȼ֪Լļﲢûʲô񣬵֯ȴǲ֪ģԼµûĻǺСҰйӴˣǶѾ̽ˣΨһʣµģƺҲֻԼˣ
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Ů߲⣬ֵ𣿡
ºЩͿΪЩ㲻ŮЩµʲôã
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442 ҵĳŵ
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Ƭ֮󣬸ǻعˣĿΪӵĿɽӵ˵⻰ʲô֤ܲΪһ˵ɣȻ˵СҰӣôΪʲôҲûСҰ
ɽĿЩ˵˵СҰ͵ͼҪٵ鿴Ǿ޷̵飬֮ǰѾһкӶϾһеĹϵΪǵİȫǾԲκǵĴڵģ˵֤ݣҲŵĻóһ£
ɽô˵ҲСҰôҲǺϺģɽ˵ʱûбҪȥȷһµġ
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ֻһ˲Ĺ򣬸ǻعˣȻҲ˰֮С
е㲻װɣϾɽпĻСҰӣν޲۰
ţɫһΣȻæ˻
ɽӵҲǲˣֶԸҷˣȻԼó㿴Σ
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ʱ˿̣Ѿٵĸɽӻٸʲôˣ˶ĽҲڱӦ
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ɽ̧ͷ˿Ѿȥĺɫ˿
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ӹ׹һֻ׹мǿĵģмһССƬƬкȻСҰɻиɽӵܺգȻɽӻﻹһССӤȻһȫˣ
ʱɽҲڸǰ͵ƬںµʱĵģһֱţϸĻᷢСҰҲһҲһƬ
ɽô˵ǻһ֮ǰСҰĳȻ֣СҰȷʵҲһģ
ֵļڱǰиɽӵŮߣȷʵСҰӣ
ˣȴȻûзɾ裬ǽ˸ɽӣȻʵãСҰӣôҲ֮ܽǰľٶڿ˵ҵѣ֮ǰһٶȴ̫ʧˣ
Ʋ⣬СҰӦûаĲ֮κ˵ģӸɽڣеԭ޷ǾһСҰϣۼƼˣǣڶǰɽӸСҰһ·ˣȻǷޣ˲˷磬СҰŸɽӣûнĲ֮
ʼջǱȽڵڶԭΪǵһԭĻôɽӦǻСҰһƬĵģ¸Ӧչ˺СҰĺӣǲԶ׷
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ȳСҰ
һ⻰ºüͷɽӵ˵⻰ʲô˼
СҰѾǱץˣ˿̾͹ѺƽеĳһУɽӺƽ˵鱾ǴСҰ˵֮ģƾôĥСҰСҰʼջûпڣҳǲעļСҰСҰģ
Ҳûʲôðε˵Ϊ˵ǸʲôĶͲѵСҰû˵𣿡
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ˣɣȻҺСҰʶʱ䲻ô˵ҲҵѣȻѣҵȻҲǲ֮ˣǸһΪΣյĶİɣҿ϶ȥСҰģڴ֮ǰȻشҼ⣡

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ǰĸɽӣʼջǳмֵĻɣڸɽ˵ĹСҰץס˵飬ȴŵģΪʵ̫ȷˣֻҪ绰֪٣ƭԼʵ̫ˡ
˵֯ڲ飬ǵĿҲֻձѣвģǾԼбҪȳСҰϾǸڻĵĳһطģΨһ֪ģҲֻСҰˣ
ȳСҰȻٻٵҪˣǰиɽӵŮǲƭԼʵҲûôҪԼҲɱֻҪܰԼȳСҰôľȥɣ
ڴ֮ǰǾбҪ˽һƽĵֲУϾ֪֪˷ܰսʤ
ţǸɽʵ˵СҰǱһҵģô֪Ҿ𣿻жǵˣʵΣھȳСҰ֮ǰҾбҪ˽һ
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⻰˵˼ֱǸû˵һ
̾˿뵽֪֪˰սʤģû뵽ԼȫϹɽӵİæڻĵֲҲȫ˽ġ
˵ʵҲһѵˣкְܶ취ԾȳСҰֻ鷳߲鷳ѡ
Ȼ򵥵İ취ȳСҰôֻѡǸ鷳İ취ˣ
ţһЩʱ䲿һ£ҪһЩ飬ʱҾͿԺȥСҰڴ֮ǰǵίһˣ
˵ţǳݶ˸ָȻֻɫߺƬ̼Ĺ򣬱˸ߡ
úÿҲӣҪǸжĻͳɣ
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⻰ʱ򣬸ɽӺǿЦµ㻹ǲң
ǲ㣬ֻΪ˸ӰȫһЩˣڴ֮ǰֻίˣֻҪ㰲һЩͲκεΣգ
˵ţվȻǴ뱭Һ
֮ǰЩȻҲûȫţȷʵҲ˼֣ҵĳŵ
˵⻰ڸɽӴΪ𾪵УﲱǱҺ˿С
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ⲻʲô۷Ҳˣթ֮飬УǱɫĶҺȷʵȫ˸
Ϊʲôôأôһ󱭶ҺΪ΢ĶôļҲһжģѵ
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ţɽӵǱɫ
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ֻ궾Һ֮󣬷ǵûʲôʵĵطЩδͣȻ˵ζ㲻̫Щûʧˣ
⻰˵֮󣬸ǵһЦȻת˳ȥ
ֻѾ𾪵һĸɽˣ
ֱڣɽ׹ˣΪԼиѾ˽ˣڿһ֪˵ʵԶԶĳ
һĻ֮ǰļƻѾ޷Чˣֻѡһ취ˣ
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443 ޲
ŵһ˲䣬ȴΪЦ
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ղŵһҺƺˣôɵһҺ
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ڸǱҺʱѾĵռڴһССȱڣȻԼһ𣬽ŽǱҺ
ڸɽӿԼĺǱҺʵȴǣԼֻǽǱҺõռڵĳһ˼ĵطˣѹûһΣ
֮ԻһΪԼղŵĳŵΪøɽɻ䣬ΪֱڣȻΪɽӲûж˵ʵ
ҪȥСҰ⿿Լһ˵»ǲģԸǲͨ˰ϫĵ绰롣
ϫ㾡쵽ҼһˣмҪæ
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ιأǸеҪСҰæҴĵ绰ȴ˽֪֪СҰȥˣ
СҰץ飬ûбҪأϾ֮ǰغСҰĹϵһֱЩģ¸ɽƷȴǳˣôصݾЩˣ»ñ֪ɽӵĴڡ
СҰСҰ㻹һ쵰
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绰ͷؿ˵ŶҲСҰأҲûҵСҰǲԵ޹ʵʧģ˵᲻ʲôΣˣ
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⻰ʱ򣬸±Զ϶СҰȻӦǱץˡ
ţָæΣصˣ˼ˣʲôΣأҲΪֻû˰ɣˣڻ¶Ȳ˰´İɣ
˵⻰æ˵绰Ҫ˵ȥĻĵԼѸɽӵ˵
СҰСҰôĻһ쵰źӵˣȻҹǻĵĹҪ˵Ļӻǲˣ
ҵ绰ʱ򣬸̲סһ䡣
һߣձҵ绰ҲǺһ㶣Ϊ뵽ǰһʱʱСҰƺж˵һЩ
ϸһ룬űĻȻ
СҰӺͺӵ飬֪ģǵƬܿϧǣСҰʱӺͺӾͱɱˣûǴĻƺǵļˡ
ˣӺǽиɽӰɣ
СҰӸɽѾˣô˿̳ڸеġɽӡֻ˭أ
˵绰֮󣬸漴ԺеʯԵȺȻûãһ
ű򿪵ʱ򣬰ϫӰ˸ǰ
ʲô¶ҪһɱˣҿǺæģ
ϫһ˽һ߶Ը˵
ˣʲôæİ⻰ƭƭ廹Уȴûʲôˣµģ
ǱĵĶ԰ϫ˵
Դӹ֮󣬰ϫͿʼһµ˵ӣ˶üΪɢ˼ҲǹζģʲôҲصģʲôҲ룬ò˵ʱЩĽϫˡ
ϫյɣȴļ尾ģԶڰϫֻһ־塣
ʯǰ֮󣬸㽫СҰȫ˵˰ϫаиɽӵ顣
ϫԴһе飬漴һĿŸ˵ҾһӦǿİɣȻ㻳ǸŮ˵ٻԱǸŮ˵ʵʳԼҪ֪һϢ֮ȥȳǸʲôСҰɵļһôĶ֣

̾˿ҪôͺˣǸŮ˿СҰɵӰҸСҰҲѣν޲ۣҪӵĻǾöԲס취ǱˣһǾȥƽеܲȻŻȳ
Ҫʲô
˵⻰ʱ򣬰ϫǱüΪ
ȻһǸŮ뿪ȻĸҵĺŻɣ黹ûҲ֪֮ģ

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ɱ£ʼһĪųУԷ޶ֻҪԷһˣ޷˵Լ֣Դɨ֮󣬸Ҳ֪ͥǲ˼֮µģɱ˸ǲУȻʱܴ鷳
Ȼɱˣǰİϫȴǲһˣ
ϫ˼ʮ꣬һֱڲɱ˽Դӷ֮˼Ĺ壬ôɱĹûһǧҲа˰ˣ飬ѾЩľˣҹ֮ͬˣɱοأ
֮ǰ˵֯ȻʹԼĹң׼һɱôɼӦҲһЩɥԵļһˣЩһڻĴţʼҲһвǰϫԸɵǵĻôǶձǻ˵һˣ
˵ĻʵҲǰϫҪģϾЩ⣬ƴɱĻǿ϶ģ»ǵȾͬ⣬Ͼ˼䣬ɲĵ̣
ڸ˵ʲôɱ֮飬ϫȻ⵽ΪʲôȴЩЦ
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ȥСҰȻʮİգܾοܻᷢʲô飬һ֮󣬸ǾбҪȸ֪һع
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ˣ˵˰ֵ֣عҵҪȥһ飬ʲôĻӦû֮ǰϻʲô鷳Ļôܻᵢһʱ䣬ģҲµģҪһûĻ͸ߺ³ȥˣǲҪģ𣿡
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֮󣬸Żͷ˹ȥȻǻɫľ˿Զĵط̷š
΢΢һЦһǻɫӣȻ˲㽫ռ䡣
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ԷģԻᴦģмҵȸ㣬ΪѺСҰĵطڻܣǵȥʱ򣬻ᱻ˫ۣϣǰ׼ȻҪǵʱʲôôܻɺܴ鷳ģ
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ڳţҴɣ
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ۼˣкȴЩΪ֪ɽӻ᲻Լ
ǽûãеĻɶʱɢӰˣΪۿţɽӱǺǸ˵ʲô飬ǽͻȻȴǸİС˷˹Ҳһ˲ĹˣǸ˵ĺʱ㱻ɽеİˡ
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Ǹʲô
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ҵİ취ˣɽһʬϲԼİһ˵˾ڵĴˣҪȥǸطĻһ㶼һȥģܶһҲһˣȻҪȥôͲܴˣ
úݵŮ˰
̾һ䣬ֵȻɱҲһðȥΪҸĳʵǲ̫ˣҲв죬ֻҪԷϹӣǿ϶ǻģ
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Σһר·㻻ϰɣĹأ
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֮󣬸ֿһԵĸɽʵ
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ȻǵˣȴǲǾʬЩͬڵеҲˣȴƫƫԼҲǻĿİɣ
һ·޻ʻĵطһЩΪƫƧĵ·һӰҲûпֱʻһʱͣ
˿̣Ѿǲ֪ԼˣΪƽҲʮֵ˽ˣطȴǴҲûƽеĵҲǼΪ˽ģǿԼ
ţڼʻϵĸɽӺ³ƣȻûãԶĺڰкҲ³ƣƺΪΪӦɽ³ƣȻԶĵطһ
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ЦӦ
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ֻҪǲЩκζԼķӦ̽ռ򿪣ռڵޡܾ͵ķԸ˿ԴռڵȺţֻҪռһ򿪣̱ɵЩˣ
ȻһЩǿԽյռȥЩʼնǲѶΪ֮İ취ܲʹõĻûǲҪʹˣϾݾ߿ɲʲô¶
ƽȵ·ʻţݸղſ֪ԼӦһɫ͸ɽ֮⣬ˣЩ˶ܰһ·ʼһ仰Ҳû˵
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ȻʱһԵĸɽȴǺж
ɽû˵Ҳûͼժ۾ϵֻ֣Ǻһֻһֻд֣һٶ±ΧЩ˵⣬׷ײĿƺǲʲôɽӸæ˸ơ
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Ϊ˱֤㣬ǽСҰϣȻĹ߳סСҰ۾СҰ޷Ϣˡ
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±ǶŸһݣȻɢˣͬʱҲǿʼѰ
»زûжҲһ򳡰СҷʵռһĵطӾϻСһ㣬ҪĻҵһⱻĶʱըǿɵ治һ׵¶Ͼⶨʱըпܻκεĵط
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µ񣬸ʼջǾԼ˿̻Ǵڰ׹֮еģȻǰľѾǴһˣͭײǸΪ׽ŪԼµľأ
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ҾƫƫţҺΣ
бɱҰҾ㣡׵ĸһ˶ϰɣ
󼸾仰ŭ˵ģΪ˿̵˼֣ҲԼ˶ôʱˣ
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֮ǰʶģʬһʱ򣬸ȫûа취Լ˶ãÿҪ飬ĿĵššţƺǳΪΨһĿˡ
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ʱԬӺ͵һȻһ˫۾Ҳһ󾫹˸Ƕ̫һҲǳԾĳͣ
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Ȼô죿ɱ𣿡ЦбͶְ㿴Ǻµ𣿡
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ʱһԵԬȴǳ̫һĪҪ嶯˾Բܻһϻſ뿪İ취˺ĻֻļֻϰԳˣ
⻰ȻЧ̫һ±ЩԥźɫһɣȻ㽫ֿ֮ԬϰԳʲô취СӵڻģԲ˵Цһģ
Ԭҡҡͷ֮ԲǣֻΪûи࣬࣬һǵģҲµûĻֱڣƺ֪Լδа취뿪Ļֺοһ
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ΪĳѾǱˣôҲ벻ףΪʲôԼأ
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ףүף۾Ͳܺú˵𣿷ǵҲµϷ

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ǽţҡҡͷ˵ⲻԣҸǲһģ岻Ƕ̫һκζȴκεĶҲ֤Ҹǲһģ
ҲҸղ˵֮Ĳ֮ͬˣԬָϵһǰĸ͵ҿԺȷĸ㣬Ǹ㣬壬꣬µ㣬е꣬ͺñȵԼ꣬űסԼһ˿лһҲģ֪ΪΣķƺǶûκεԼҲһ飬Ǵӱ˵һģ
ԬĽͣǳĬȻԸԬ˵Щ¿Ԭ˵ģӦþˣ
Ԭ˵ĵĻôµԼֻһڡꡱϵģԼˣô˵ĻԼ˿Ӧûռڵģ
ԼҪȥĻҪصԼȻڻصԼУЩ˵򵥣ȴˣǿ綫̫һͨԳԬĴڶ޷ѣԼһ
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仰˵ǷԸ˵ѯĸһЩһһͳʣôһϰԳأ
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һ⻰̫һɫһ䣬ϰԳ黹ûһأżʲô
Ԭ⻰ȴ΢΢һЦȻ±۾ƺĳֳ˯УҲǴʱע⵽ԴԼ֮ͨԳԬʼնһֱǰ֪ʲôĽɫȦӣ벽Ҳû
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ôҲ޷ʵԽԼһɡһ֣ܽԼȻ֮һδ֪ĶĹ֮ؾȻǰ׹֮أ˵Ļ˵Լǰ׹֮صͭײҲʲôϵ
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Խ㣿
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˵Ķ԰̫һֻ£Ͳ磡ˣҪֻô˵ĻҲδţһ֤㿴ˣ
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˵̫һ뼸λʥ˺׼ʥԵʱ̵ľһڶӡ
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ڤֳڤӽ棬˰壬ִư޽̣Ĵħ첨Ѯɫ졢졢ʪţĴħޡʪū³ޡĸһԪɱ鱦Ҳ׼ʥ֮һ
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456 
뵽ʱ򣬸ѾɫˣȻǲԸ飬еƺڸģ
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˵ʱ򣬶̫һ˹Ȼ˵֪жôڲͬ˰ɣ׼ʥΪǰ׹֮أ屻١걻³޷ǰ׹֮վ̫ã㲻һѾǰ׹֮дһ֮ãȴǰȻţһԴҳȥģ
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̫һ˵Ҫƶһƻһ뿪ļƻǰ׹֮ȻҲѹƣҪƴȫĻҲǿԼһµģ㲻ֻһ˶ѣҲģ˵ʱ˵Ǿֹģȫӵ޾ʱ£ԶԶıǺѰһ·Ҫһ𸴣
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̫һЦ
ûֻҪ뿪ҿκε飡
ܺãô鶼ңȻһ¾ɣ
̫һͷ
£˱ǿʼ
һһһҹȥˣ
Ϊ¹ԸҲǲ˿Լڰ׹֮صšԼǾͭײĵģǺޱĸ˶̫һ̫һҲʮϸţ֮󣬵ƶһЩƻ
ȣȥ֮󣬻ǾܵĺǾͭײı־룬ȻǾͭײĴûԸ֣˭֪᲻ͻȻıأ
ͭײı־룬Ҫ飡
ߣȥ֮󣬻ǰԭ뷨ڰ׹֮Ѱҳ·ҵãҲĻôֻȥ˭Ըɵˣ
ǾǽͭײڵĴڸƳȻɶ̫һɵ
Ϊ̫һһ裬ǾǾͭײĴڻ᲻뿪ԿףֻҪɵͭײĴڣƬ׹֮ؾͻʧˣ
׹֮ȻŽ֮κﶼ׹ǵãҪ֪̫һҲһݶ̫һ˵ǸʵһЩĴħҲ׹֮ؼ˼ӲųȥģĻôҲָܼʮҰɣ
ʱƴһԷʥ˵ΪҲɣ
ȻҲһܴı׶ˣǾһɽͼг˵Ļô޷»ȥˣҲ˵ڶ̫һɽͼг֮ʮ֮Ҫ޷Ļô̫һԻ
ıȥƴһѣˣҲԹ޻ڣ
ʱ򣬶̫һ˵ôһ仰
ĬˣΪ׶̫һΪʲôҪô
ʱսġһͳΪ֮ʣǺεȵ
ʱ֮䣬˸ƥУǺεȵңڣ
ʱӣ뼸λʥ˶ԿڤײĻ˹ȥǺεȵ緢
ȴǱһĵط֮ã
Ȼɽͼдǧɽǳľޡɽеޱ飬־֮䣬ӦоУ·һʵС磬ǣʼղһʵ磬һ
һס
ǰϣһֱйͷԼĵȴȼϣ
ǰҲһˣʲô
ҲҪһ
ţ򶫻̫һĿҲ˼𾴡
ʱ̫һֶԸ˵߰ɣȻѾҪˣǺϰԳкɣ
ͷ˵Ҳ˵飬϶ҪԬģ
⻰̫һӺһ٣ƺ뵽ʲôһ㣬㷴Ӧ˹Ȼֱȥˡ
ϰԳˣ׼һ°ɣ
Զģ̫һԬ麰
Ԭһ⻰±۾Ȼȴҡҡͷ
̫һɫһ䣬Щŭ첽ߵԬߣſڱϰԳ㲻Ҫ̫ҪĻҿɾͶ㲻
˵Ż̫һǾƾҪԬĹȥֻнӿȻ̺˼Ϊǿ
ϰԳĿ򶫻̫һǺοأ
죡Ҫ˵
̫һŭȻصľǽӿƱԬ˹ȥ
һĻɾͱĸ
һôҲ벻ͻȻⶫ̫һҪԬˣȻ¶̫һԬ飬ǿ̫һнӿȻҲʹһĻ˵Ԭˣһȥ˵ԬľҪˣ
ʱ˿̣жʱȻԬʶʱ䲻ǶԷô˵֮ǰҲǰԼСӵȣԼôۿ̫һɱأ
ţ±ȵ̫һǸʲôҸ㣬ҪǸ˺ԬĻǾԲģҪ뿪ĻҲһ뿪Ȼ㻹ıˣ
ڸԼ⻰ֻҪһ˵ڣ̫һ϶ǲЩʲôˣϾеҪ뿪ģ
Ȼøû뵽ǣ⻰֮󣬶̫һǵûͣ£ŭǰԬϰԳ˵Ļ˰ɣһ뿪Ȼǲҵģ
һЩͷˣΪ⻰˼ⶫ̫һƺ˺Ԭ鰡
Ϊʲôֻһٶأ
ڣԬٴοˡ
̫һллˣҪĻϰԳҿ϶ͻҷˣлл㣬û뵽֮ʣȻύѣڣûҪˣӦҲ֪ģҵʱѾˣ
Ԭ΢ЦſŶ̫һ˵һƬ
Ԭִţ̫һҲ֪Ȼ¶˾ģ£Ҳֻ̾˿Ȼջơ
һĻȴǿĸЩ
Ԭ⵽ô£


457 ˾
ԬȻǴŵЦݣһִ󳹴򡢺޾ЦݣҲˣºһֲõԤУ
Ԭ鲢ûлش⣬ֵСֵܣ
ûԥ±ԬĶ棬Ȼ
㣬֮ǰ˵мҵĺˣ仰Ǽ٣
Ԭ
ģ˵ͷһ֣ص˵ͥһɽзģʱС˼ͥɶҳ־ҵͯӣҵֵУǳȥĻһģ
Ԭһ⻰ǱЩϲû뵽ȥˣͨԳȻѪ䣡Ǻô컯
ţǿСֵܣЩϣܴ
вõԤкǱøΪǿΪܾԬֱڽһģæҡҡͷ𣬶ǵȳȥ֮Ըɣû㣡
Ԭһ⻰±ҡҡͷСֵܣµҲͲˣûųȥģϾҪȥˣ
һ⻰ɫһ䣬ȻǱԼˣԬȻڽ£
ˣ˵ټһ£ֻҪص棬а취㣡һȪˮпľ괺ĹЧֻҪǡ
ûˣҵȲǸʱˣ
ȸѻ˵꣬ԬҡҡͷȻָŵϵȦӶԸ˵㿴ȦȦӾǶ̫һΪ˱һ˿л겻µ󷨣ֻܴȦֻҪȦӣҾͻ̻ҷ𣡡
֮ǰм˵Ĳԣ֮ǰʱȷʵһл꣬ڣѾл궼㲻ˣҪ˵ĻʵֻһʶӰѣңѾȥˣ
һ˵ҲΪ̫һΪÿһʱΪһιҲܹӲдļ
ҲٽĹˣΪ֪ǽҪȥʲô飬ҲܳΪǵ׸̫һ뱣۷״̬ȻǴҶ
ұΪѾûκεˣû뵽ҾȻѪڵģ
Ԭ˵ţǷЦ
ʱȴٴγĬΪ֪Լᶫ̫һˣ̫һղŵľٶ˺ɱԬ飬뽫Լ͸Ԭ飬Ԭһ֪ˣ׽ᷢʲô飬ܾ˶̫һ
ڣ԰𣿡
Ц֮Ԭٴ˹
Σپܾһ֣صĿԬ˵ͷµ˵ʲôҲûˣֻܰԬԸˣ
ԬָԶһӶԸ˵һ֮ʱȡԲҲлɽͼеʱҲ˽꣬ҾҪˣ֮δЩϧͷȥ֮͸ҵĺ˰ɣ
ͷģһὫģ
ͨԳ£ǧɽݾ̣ǬĦŪı£֪ı£
Ԭֵ
ҡҡͷȻĺǱϾôȥˣϵѪҲѾܱˣʱûı£ȵѪ֮ʱҲͨģ
Ԭ˵ͷֵһװ˾ǵҵطҲһɣϣԴҽ׹ѧĹôϵѪȻҲˣ
˾
ʱ򣬸ͷ΢΢һΪ֪˾ɲһĹ
ݸ֪˾ģֻԬѣţħյȶ
˾һ֣ʮ䣡˵޵ߣʥ
ԬȻҪʮ䴫ڸԼԼôܲأ
ţ㿴ԬһָԼͷϵ˹л۾
ףԬҪ˾ڸԼˣæ۾
һ˲䣬һǿĵϢʱ˸ԺУģһԾŵ֡
֮󣬸Ż۾ǰ˾ĹھѾȫӡԺˣ
˵˾ԬԼСӵģ׹ѾӡԺϾ֮ʱ϶ҲǻģϾ˾ǵҵ߹вĵ
ȻԺ飬ϾҪĻ뿪ȵȥ֮ȥЩҲ٣
ھʱַ֣ԬȻǱ͸ƺϱҪʧһ㣡
֪Ԭ˿̣Ҫ׵ȥˣ
ǵ𣿡
Ԭ鲢ԼѾ𽥱Щ͸壬һ΢Цʵ
ʱ˿̣Ҳܲζµֲ֪˵Щʲôֻǵ˵ͷסˣİɣһ˾Сӵģ
ԬЦŵ˵ͷǿһԵĶ̫һѣҪˣ
̫һû˿ı飬ҲûԬ顣
Ԭ˵ǶлˣֻϰԳӲдĻڣҪȥˣٰһ°ɣ
˵
̫һûκεı飬ֻǵ³һ֡
ԬĴȥˣҵĺ˾ͰչˣϣΪͽƽ
̫һѣϲţͽ飬һûʲôȤģ£Ԭ鼴ҷкҲ͵һ
ò˵֮ԵԬ飬ֻΪҪһ飬ԼôĹ¶ѾǸԬ˼ֻ꣬ϰԳԼһΪ֮һ
ϰԳҪˣܾܾ
ţ̫һͷҴӦ㣡һΪͽģҶ̫һһ죬;Բʲô飡
Ԭһ⻰ʱЦǿ˿̫һֿ˿Ȼźο˵ҳԵˣҲûǣҵĶˣȥˣλأ
Ԭ⻰˵꣬ӺĻһŵĽ⣬ֻգۼĹǽɢӰˡ
ԬԴϵʱ򣬸Ԭ۾˵ټ
ɢǰԬӰ
վ첽ߵһԵǽߣǽǵУȻ߶Զ̫һ²˳٣ھͿʼɣ
ԬǸ̫һҲһ˿ǣң±æ˵ͷ
·֮ǰԬĵطʱһпԬֻһл꣬û֮ĶΨһҲҪСӵģ֮ǰҪԬ¹ڣҲֻˣ
ֻҪԼܻųȥȻԬи飬ҲǶԬн˰ɣ
ţŴ˳ȥ
̧ͷһ㿴˿̳ϵģȻԼˣ
֮ǰİ취̫һԼͳȥȻԼȥ׹֮Ѱҳ·ȷûг·ĻôֻŴͭײģȻɵͭײǸˣ
֪ôмְգֻ֪Լɣ
۾ȥ
̫һ
Ա۾Ϊ֪̫һҪʲô֮ǰֻҰ޾ˣȻʹỹǱ۾ȽϺã
ûãٴ۾ʱ򣬸Ȼǳڰ׹֮ˡ
ŻûӦһ߷˳ͬʱ̫һҲǴ˳
ˣ
һֻǷɳĲǱĶ֮ǰЩ棬Ϊղųʱģǲ֪ΪȻûиһ
µҲʲô¶ˡ
µİ׹Уſʼ׼ɽͼ
סˣһҪռƻ£ʲôԾĵطһҪң
ʱ̫һԻд˹
ͷİɣ֪ģʲô飬һһʱ֪ģ
ܺãȥɣ
̫һֵ
εЦЦаⶫ̫һȻЩĲԼ
ţŽɽͼ¾Ȼ˺С
û˿ԥǿʼǰнˡ
һߣҹȥˣ֮ǰɽͼеʱ򣬸Ѿϰĳÿеʶģʱ򣬾ͻὫɽͼ򿪣ɽͼ磬Ƕ̫һ죬һʲô
֪УһŸ¹ȥˡ
ϸĻѾ˿ʱˣ
ոһյظĿġߣѾЩζˣǳ֮ûκεİ취
ֲ֪˶ãͣ˽ŲͻȻǰĶԺкһհס
࡭ͭš
૵˵


458 ͭ
ֻʱ˿̣ǰģȻһȼΪߴͭţ
ͭŲ֪жߣһȥֻ֮Уˡ
Ҳ֪жһȥű߼ʡ
ͭҲǲķģ
⡭ѵͭΪʲôһ
֮ɫ˵
ǧ㣬ôҲ벻ԼȻ֮ǰεͭǰ
Ϊ׵ǣ¾Ȼͭŵ棬һ꣡
⵽ô°
еˣΪһе޷ܵ顣
ϴӡǣƺԸӦͭŵĴڣ˵ǰˣôˣ
ԼǲԵ޹ʵĳģ֮ǰԬ˵׹֮ӦԼĹ֮أô˵ԼǰҲһˣ
ģ
һ뵽ʱ򣬸һʱЩ޷ˡ
ȻڵԬʱѾ׼ǵڣ֪Լû׼
ˣȻˣǺεȵķ̣
ҿ֮ǰɨɵ̬ȺͷӦҲ֪ͥǶǺ֮ǵģһֱ֣ɱ£ȴһ˴ҡڵĽǵĵ̣ÿǰţҪ֪ĻֻΣ
Լͻᱻնɱ˰ɣ
֪УԼԵ޹ʵľͳΪͥĹУ
Щˡ
ȵȡӡǣ֮ǰƵķӦӦǰӡǳֵģΪ֪е࣬Ȼ˵ĻôǲҲԼأ
ţæǳԼϵ·鿴Լϵûʲôӡǡ
֮󣬸̾˿ΪûԼϷʲôӡǣԼҲûиܵκ
ѵΪԼû
ӡǺûֳ
Щɲ뵽
֮ͨǰƵ飬Լͥľڻǿ϶뷨
ΪԼϵûоѣûкͷһӡǣҲΪͥϵҲ֪Լʵݣ
Ҳ˵δ֮ǰˣʵǺͷһ޶ģ
ţ˿ȥʱ򣬲õıͥ׷ɱˣ
֪ԼڵʵҲ֪Ϊһڵѣôźĳ׾ѣ
ô
Ժһ޿ˣǾѧѹԼŵ
̾˿뵽
Ǵ˿̣ЩҲûʲôˣЩ黹ǵȳȥ˵ɣҪĻ뿪
ţæҡҡͷɢ˸ղŵЩ뷨Ȼſ첽ȥ
δԶıоһɹϲɣϢͬʱһɼΪǿѹϮ
ߵͭǰ鿴ͭϵľ޴ģжʱֱļΪ
֮ǰ˵ͭŵʱ򣬸ͭӦ֮Ĵӡħ֮Ķģڿƺôһ°
ͥôãּ֮ǰˮײϵķӡͥӡ֮ķҲ˽ģֻһۣͿԿ϶ͭϵķģǵҸеķģ
ҲǷҵģ
壬Ȼ֮ǰڷϼľ֣
һĻһʵЩ޷Ͱ
ΪշƵ˵ӦҪȱͭǸ˵ģڿҪȵӦþǾͭײĴˣ
ǲ԰
ͭϵķı֪ⲻǳԵ֣֮Ҳǳڷ֣֮ǳ֣֮ΪʲôҪԼһ˸ӡأ
ʵЩ˵ͨ
ţЩɻ
룬ʼջ벻ףͭʵ̫ھ޴ҲԴÿģǴˣ˭ֻ֪ͭʲô
֮£ǽɽͼ˿Ȼǰľ˶̫һ
̫һƺûвķ֮սԶҲʮֵ˽⣬漴ָһеȥȻɽͼһǰͭţö̫һͭŵģ
̫һĬƬ֮ͭʵ̫ھ޴ˣδ֪ķӡңҲǲ״򿪵ģҲ֪ͭ⵽ͨģǴҲδػصǵ磬Իʵʩһƻɣ
һƻ
һ⻰Ƥʱһ
νһ취ȻȥɵǾͭײĴˣ
ǡ취еͨ𣿡
ĿصĿԶǾͭײ뵽
ƴһɣ
̫һ
ĬȻ˿ǰͭţȻֿ˿ԶǾͭײģֻǵ˵ͷ
ǵģǱȶ̫һĶˣ
ͭźȷʵʵ磬Ҷ̫һҲܴͭţ϶Ҳǻֹģ
ʱǿûǱˣͭһ򿪣ͭײǸڿ϶Ҳǻӳȥģ
Ȼ֪ͭײĵôĶǰĿǰʵҲǿȶ̫һʥ˵Ϊ
ҪⶫӵĻôֱ޷ģ
ôҲô
Ψһİ취ҲֻŸɵͭײǸһˣȻôҲ˽ĵģֻҪɵͭײļһôҲˣԼҲﳹ׶ϵ
˭Ƕɵ㣡
ǰԶˮײģݺݵ˵
ţǸæǾͭײ˹ȥ
׹֮˿ʱ䣬ܸ߶߶ԶÿͷʱͭײʼնڸԶĵطҲ֪⵽ô£
ԼҪߵͭײԱߵĻҲҪͬʱģ˭뵽ֻǻ˼СʱʱѾͭײԱˣ
˿̳ǰģȻ׹ǻ۶ɵİ׹̨ˣ׹̨ϣͭײˣ
ǰİ׹̨Ц⻹˾Ȱ
ղΪԼҪߵ׹̨ҲҪһЩʱģﻹҪҪƶһƻǽأھȻѾڰ׹̨ˡ
׹̨׹ǻ۶ɣһȥ֮׹֮ظΪˣڵĸѾûκεĸоˣĶѾľˡ
ո֮ǰ뷨Ǵֱӽ׹̨ٵģֻҪٵ֧ͭײĵİ׹̨ô׹̨ͭײĿ϶ģ
ǵȵǰİ׹̨ʱʱɵۣΪЩԻ۰׹̨İ׹棬ȻҲǱĿ˷ġ
һãЩ׹ǾȻǷһײ
þһȥֻǰİ׹̨û˿ı仯ֱ۾Ȼ΢΢
취вͨˣ
ûйϵһ취Ϊ׹̨Ųٵķ϶պʺ
ҲûôԥǽɽͼƤ̶ԼϣȻſʼ
׹̨ԼŰףҲһʱƬ̾Ϳȥģڸ۵ĸ˵Ͳʲô⡣
ڣץŲĹͷ׹̨˿̳ǰģǾͭײˣ
ͭײϣźͭһķӡǣĳȷʵǳֵ֮ģ֪⵽ô£ʵҲǲôںˣԼֻǽײĴڸų֮飬ǽ̫һȥɣ
Ҷ̫һֵܼʱҲǼΪ޵ģ˷һ˿һֻͭײı֮Ż
֮ǰ̫ԶͭײĵĴСҲûʲôĸֻ֪ͭײĺܴ󣬵ȴ֪Ǵʲô̶ȡ
ˡ
վͭײǰͺһֻվһֻһͭײĵȫòԺֻðһ뷨
̫ˣ
ܿ죬ͷӦ˹¿ɲǸпʱ򰡣
ţֽ˳Ȼһֱͭײк˹ȥ
ɣ
£ȴøЩΪʵ̫Сˣ
һĽûǻڽڻصģȻɲӦǰͭײģ£ȻûԼһ
飬ҪôΪѹƣҪôΪͭײĲر𣬷һ֣һ취ˡ
ǺΧͭײתһתǼȥˣˮײһȦΪʱǾֹģҸҲʱûʲôĸ⼸ʱڸʵҲֻգۼĹˡ
վʱ򣬸̾˿ΪûͭײܷκεĲԾĵط
ȻĻôû취ˣֻͭײ濴ˣ
Ը˵ʵҲʲô⣬ΪͭײϵķӡǶʮ־޴ģǱ鲼ͭײȫǿЩӡǣҲаտͭײģ
ʼɣ
ε̾˿ֽе˺ϣֿʼ


459 Ե
ͭײĸԼǧɣİ׹̨Ҫ࣬һ˲ǰʱȥˡ
ͭײϷʱ˳˼
֮ǰͭײƬ֮ŷͭײϷҲûʲôֵĵط˿Ϸ죬˵ˣһҲ岻ȥ
Ҳ֪ΪͭײĲ⻹ǱʩطԵʣƾôôҲǷᾪײĴˡ
֮ǰҲɹ᲻ͭײĴѾȥˣֻһߺʶʬѣ
뷨Ͼͱ̫һˣݶ̫һ˵ʵﵽ׼ʥһΪ֮꼸ѾǲĴˣܳ׵ȥѾȥˣôΪʲôǧټƵİӡأ
ϸһ룬ƺͭײĴѾȥ˵Ļôкοôӡأ
˵ͭײĴڣûȥ
֮ǰʼͭײĵʱ򣬸жٻЩµģΪͭײĴڿԱȼ綫̫һʥ˵ʵǱԼĻôԼƬ̼ͻᱻɵˣ
ǵ̤ͭײĵʱȴһ˿ˣȡ֮ģһУ
ҪɵͭײĴڣ
ָо˵Ҫ˵ĻǾûҵĸо
ͭײĴںԼֻһţ
Ǹʱ˿̵ˡ
ع֮󣬸ǽɽͼ˿ȻͭײĵģͶ̫һ˵ˣҸ߶̫һʵû֣û취ˣ
̫һҲһĬԼҪҪ˿̾ͳȥȻһɾʹͭײģ֮ٸɵͭײĴڣ
ȵȡ
ʱȴɫһ䣬Ȼصغ
ôˣ
ɽͼеĶ̫һҲһæʵ
࡭ͭײжʲôҪˣ
𾪵˵
̫һһ⻰ɫҲһ䣬ھͳȥ
𡭡ȱЩ֣ӺײĴڷģ
æֵȻſͭײϣȥϸ
ۼˣ̫һ´Ҳǲˡ
ˣ
˿̵ͭײڣһ΢ײϸĻͷֲˡ
ҰʱƣȻǱԽӿ
ˡ
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460 ȥ
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˵ΪסŶѵģѵһҲӦϲŶԣ
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ӵĳ֣ԶľʬҲǲʲô˲һ춯ذŭ
ͬʱҲǲˣھѹȸҲԽǿ
ˣ
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461 ֥鿪
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ţǰԼ֪йڿŵﶼ˸飬ǵҵġҵġӰġƬģֻҪ뵽ģһ飬ûãǰӣȻûκεķӦ
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̫һտʼ;սʱ޸ٶǱȷֽٶҪ죬һʱҲûʲô󰭣ǰʱԽԽϵ޸ٶȷʵԵֽٶȴԽӿ
˿̵Ķ̫һϵ·ѾòˣƤѾǱȫֽˣ¶ʺļ⣬Ҵ˿ʱ̣ļҲڲͣıֽš
ȥĻְܼСʱ
ԽЩż


462 
ţǸæȥĲ鿴е
ģӵҪôأ
ѵҪԲܲٿ𣿿Ҳᰡ
в뵽
ʱһ˵ѵֻԼڵʱŻԼ
ϸһ룬ƺֿܣϾԼָ֪޸˱ϵ˿ڣӽԼ֮ŷ飡
Ҳ˵Լ»ðӸ¶ȥ
ţ϶ʱЩѿ

˭֪ʱԶľǷһ侪춯ذŭȻţеӺ͵һƣֱǾȥˡ
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ء
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ʱ˿̣ȴûʲôȥ;ʹĺˣΪǿ̺žѾ˹ʱҲ޴˹ƺҪóе
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ЦȻеԴк˹ȥ
飡
ֻһ£˲ľӾһ
ǻرģ
˵Żǰк˹ȥ
һ£ֱӽĵͭײϡ
㻹ȥɣ
һȣ˫־ȥ
һžµİ׹̨ˣ׹֮غ㷢˺Ƶһ졣
ʱȴǴ˶̫һЩ
Ҫٰ׷ˣѾȥˣǸ޷ȥɱһѾȥ죡ǸϿ취뿪ɣ
һ⻰±ǻͷһ⵱ǲ֪һһֻ˿̵Ķ̫һѾûаˣȫҲԴͰϻһƤˣٹһĻⶫ̫һҪˣ
¸ǲٵˣæС֮㽫䣬ȻֿʼԼѰŸղűԼµǿӡ
ȻǿӴ˿̾ȻͣԼĿڴƺͼԼࡣ
ӣ˲ǰѸһ
ɶԣҪֻ꣬Ҫ겻ǾܻȥǶһķ˺˵ΪҪȴԪӤˣλܵ˺ôɣ
µĸʱ޲ԪӤҪģֻҪһˣǻɫӾȻǴԼ⣬ܲ
ȴûȥˣΪⶫ̫һҲûȥˣҪģӵ飬ǵȳȥ֮˵ɣ
ţæжǿӺȻҲ֪Ϊʲôôң϶ǲϣİɣȻ˵Ļôϣܴ뿪һصʵ֮У
պ⻰ĿڵǸӾȻǶ֮ǰǰ㣬ֱӱ㴩ԼĿڴȻھԼԶĵطͣ
ţֻǿͻȻһӱһƺڶһĶڣǶͼš
ֻһۣʱ㾪ҵˣ
ЩͼǱģռľ
Ǹڶĳ֣ҲǺϵȻǿʼٵʧڲȫǿӴ򿪵ģҲԼҲĳֹϵ
̫һϿ뿪
±Ǵȵʱ˿̣ϷŵƺڸԼά̫ʱ䡣
ۼˣ̫һɫһϲǽţǱɫĿҲͭײĵķ˹
ö̫һѣ֪µǷʲôˣΪǾŭѾٴδĶУһģȻһק
ղŵľٶûʲôãǶԴΣһѾȥˣ
΢΢ͷʱ߿ǾȻվ֮ǰϵҲǱС
뻹ЩЦӦǱӡһĶסģû뵽ȴǱ
̫һˣҼֲ˶ˣǸϽ뿪
ЩżĳŶ̫һ⻰ǿЦļֲ˶ˡ

ʱǾǷһŭȻ㽫еһ֣˹
ҲһصģΪѪĹϵĲٿҪ֪ǰǸӵеĲһģҪ˵ĻµǾӵеı
Բۣʲô
ۿзһСԼ˹̲סһ䣡


463 
ʹʲô£
Ŀѣ
Ҳļį
ϣǰһȴҪɵˣ
˿еһֻڿţˣʺĵطʬһĴˣۿžҪصʵˣ˭뵽ԼϾҪڴˣ
ǺƷһСҪҵϣܻ
ֻһ˲Ĺ˹ǸѾһмֲˣлЩ
һʵ̫ˣκεķӦԼ¾ǳҲŲٵľ룬һӸϹȥ
Ҫ
૵˵
飡
ۿҪڸϡĻɢʱһֻ޴İ׹ֱȴǺԸ̽˳һӱץסϮ
̫һ
һæͷһֻʱֵĲǶ̫һֻ˭

ۿԼĹȻǱ̫һ쵱Ƿһŭ
죬ĶҶ̫һ
̫һҡҡλεվŴǾ캰
ᣬ̫һѾǵɽˮʱˣҲʣϵһƤˡ
һ̫һ㡭
Сӣ˵ϻˣһ֮ǰϽɣȻǿҪˣ
ȸѻ˵̫꣬һĻ
һᣬû뵽ⶫ̫һȻԼߣȻԼʱ䡣
㲻Ҳߣ˵õһ뿪ô㣡
˵ļ
˵ڶˣ¿Ҫƴˣ
̫һһ䣬ȴǺ˻˻ߺǳһڽɫĴӣֻһ˲ĹˣɫĴӶʱúͶ̫һһСˣ
ӣ
̫һȻ˶ӣ
׼ƴ˰
ż뵽
̫һƴɱľУǱڶײ̺Ϣؼ䲻öõ챦һ𱬷ĻԻˣ˵ʲô׼ʥˣʥҲδӵùΪɻҵ³
˵ĴɱУҪͷ̫һ϶ǲԸʹģղں;ƴɱʱҲûʹ£ȴѾǹ˲ôˡ
ͬʱҲǺǶӳֵʱͻȻԶƮһɽɫϢȻ򶫻̫һϲ˹ȥǹϢĲƣ̫һҲǿµƤ⡣
ҲǼӵĹˣ̫һǻָ֮ǰģ
ţ̫һһǶϣǶҲһ˲㷢һ쳹ذľ޴죬ĸĤ΢΢ʹ
µʱ򣬱㱻Ƕ̫һڻˡ
̫һ㲻Ҫô黹ûһǿ϶ǿӳȥģ
һֶŶ̫һͬʱϵҲʣ޼ˡ
̫һӣһǾȥ⻰±ǹһЦȻСֵܣʶһҲԵˣĳȥˣϰԳҵ飬Ҳֻǽˣͷȥ֮ϰԳĺΪͽȻӦ𣿡
˵⻰ʱ򣬾ǻϳ˹ӵĶ̫һˡ
ҴӦƨϰԳ飬ƨ°ҪǲĺͽܵĻǳȥ֮ȥĺ˵ǲӦģϻϽҹҿҪֲסˣ
˵⻰ʱ򣬸ѾûеĶٵˡ
ڶ̫һĶϣĻ𻨣̫һϵеĸΪ˿̵Ķ̫һȫǱſ̬ȥײǾġ
ӦҲ׵İɣǸͬʱģ֮Ҫһǣƾ죬ֻң
̫һֵ
һ⻰ҲǺĬΪ֪̫һ˵û
˿̵ľ죬ΪӵĹϵԽӿŭһ˿һϢĻᣬ֮Уһǣž죬ȥĳֻиԴ򿪣ȻҲ䵽˶̫һͷϡ
һĻ̫һ϶ǲӳȥˣ
ģ
׸ô죿

ƺǲ˶ϴĻذϢʱҲǴΪĻе̫һȴ޶õıŶײ˹ȥ
߰ɣٲߵĻҲûˣ
ʱ̫һǴ˹˿̵Ǿ첻һ֮ңˣһ룬ײǾˣ
ʱ˿̣кһݣȻȵ̫һղ˵飬ҴӦˣټˣ
˵⻰±㲻ԥֱԶĳڷ˹ȥ
ͬʱӵĶ̫һȴǺζЦ


464 ôһ
ڵһۣǶ̫һǾײĳ棬ʲô飬Ѿ޷֪ˡ
ţһ۵İ׹⣬Ǵһĸо
ͨ
һ죬ֻԼǵˮˮеζȻͥˮ
ͥˮ
ڳˣ
һ˲Ĺ򣬸ǻعȻæ۾ˮ˹ȥ

ˮһ̣±̲סں
ͬʱҲǺð˼Դϸ֮£Ǻܾǡ
̧ͷһֻ˿ϻŲٵʯˮһȦȦˮ
ģ
Ȼģ
׹֮صʱ䣬ȻǾֹģ
е̲סΪʱ˿̵ĳǰȥǰ׹֮֮ǰһ۵ľ
Ҳ˵Ȼڰ׹֮شʱ䣬ʵУʵһӶѣ
һΣҲˣ
ˣû°ɣ
ʱܾ˶߾˹
ҡҡͷȻѾˣܵ˵ȴûʲô󰭵ģֻҪȥȪˮ裬ָһͿˣͻȻò޻кܾˣҲΪ
ţһ뵽ԬͶ̫һкǱó
Ȼദʱ䲻Ϊͬԭ򣬸Ѿǰǵѳһˡ
Ϊ뿪ǰ׹֮أԬѡյ֮ʻԼľѧ˾ڸ˸Ƕ̫һøжȻͷƴΪӮ˻ȥϣ
εºܣܵ˴Ķݣ
ţӿһ˸֮⡣
ȥϢһ£˭ҪңʲôԼŰɣ
ķԸһ䣬һȪˮԡ
ʱȪˮ֮ǰǿǿ̫ˣѾһССĺˣϵɽͼû˿ԥ±㽫Լ˶ȪˮС
ʱϵѾȫĻָ˹˵ԪҲˣŸȻں顣
ԬͶ̫һ˵ʲôҲûˣҲԼΨһģҲԬ黹ж̫һԸˣ
ϸ˵ĻԸʵҲֻһˡ
ǴСӱ£ұȻΪͽ
ȥȻǻˣ
Ԭ顢̫һλİɣֻҪҸһ죬Ҿ;ԲСܵʲô۸ģһСӳΪؼǿߣһᡭ
ǺãȻĻôҾͷˣ
ڸһ˵֮ʱԶĵطȴͻȻһ˲˸Ļ
һ㶣ΪͻȻãôôأ
СӣǺãؼ䱾ֻһȪˮģû뵽Ȼһۣһ㻹ǲ˰
ͻȻ䣬
ᣬҲڿ˵ģˣֻ˴˿ҲһȪˮУȪˮ
ֻһۣ¾̲ס
ôļֱڶңһŵ̫һ㲻𣿡
ֻʱ˿̳ڸǰģȻ֮ǰͬھĶ̫һ
ţȶ̫һ˵ͷ˵Բԣ϶ۻˣҪȻǻþ̫һѾ;ͬھˣôأû϶ҵĻþ
ţæ۾Ȼ˿ǰǿһˡ
ǻþ
䣬бһɵˡ
Сӣ𣿡
ʱȴһص˸ļϣŤͷһֻ̫һʱǰ
Բۣǻþ
ͻһĻʱͰѸһ±Ǹæƿӡ
ţǸæϸĴǰĶ̫һ
Ƭ֮󣬸̲ס̿ˮǶ̫һ𣿡
Ȼأ̫һЦΪ˭أ
ǡղǿ;ײһ𰡣ûиһ𴩹Ǹڣ㵽ôģ
һ˼ʵ
̫һЦЦȻĿ˰ߣŶŸ˵ҵĻ˱һĻӦöİɣ
ȻǶˣΪÿȥͥʱ߾ͻʮλһ񽫵ĻյĺëҲǻһֶѣ
̫һ˵ĻȴǱ׺յĻ߼ˣΪǿǳһ
뵽ʱ򣬸Ż˹ȻһŵĿ򶫻̫һѵ˵ʱǾײһģʵֻĻˣ㣬ѾǸ棿
̫һͷȻҲȥǸνľȻҲ죬ȴûһһĻƭңڳڹرյһ˲䣬Ҳ˳
Բԣ
䣬ЩͿܻģʵ˵Ļô񽻴һİԬ齻齻أ㡭Բۣϵˣ
һ˲Ĺ򣬸ֺƲʲôǾ
ΪȻ䷢֣ԼǱⶫ̫һˣ
´ʼգǶ̫һƺõİ
ĿģΪ˰֮ǰԬиƵԼϣ
˸ۣôһӰ
ţʱҲǴΪŭָŶ̫һı̫һô˵Ҳ̫ʰôǲе̫˰ƭҲͲƽˣӦԬôܾأ
һŵǧΪ˴ĵο»ǹ֮ǰиⶫ̫һȴǺԲԬԸϣôܲŭأ
̫һһ⻰ûôǶŸ˰ֵҶ̫һһŵǧ˵ĻȻҲģ㲻صģ
֮ǰɲô˵İ
һŭ˵
̫һ̾˿ֵ֮ǰôӦϰԳģ˵ֻҪҶ̫һţͻᱣĺ԰ɣ
˵ͷû㵱ʱȷʵô˵ģ
ôҲȷԼأ˵Ͼͻأ
̫һֵ
¸ЩͿ򶫻̫һ㵽˵ЩʲôѾӳˣʲô㲻ȷԼŰ
̫һҡҡͷش⣬Ƕ˵һҪҪҪ죬ºѣһСľͻᶪ½֮һܻţôһϰԳԸҲܻŻôֻǽˣ㲻Ҫʲô£ֻܸ˵±ҵҪҪǲµĻôһҲûʲô𣡡
⻰ĬΪ֪̫һڿЦһ˵ʮҪҪȥԼûаտԻŻŰԬ齻иˣԼæԬԸĳ̶ֳ˵ҲԬԸˡ
µ񣬸˵Щʲô漴ֻǽͷ˰Ȼ
ҴӦˣΣһϣܻţ
˵Ȼ֪̫һҪʲô£ҲǺɽͼейذɣ
飬ƱǣĳЩСԹʵġ
İɣ̫һҾɣ
˵Ż㽫ϵĶݵߣȻ±ҧһڡ
ŤͷһʱεЦֻ̫һԵģȻͥңҲ֪ô£ͱ͵ˡ
Ͷ̫һô˵ҲǹĽ飬ϣ׽Ŷ̫һ֮ǰʵҪʱ򣬸Ҳôԥ㽫֮ǰͯͯľת𵤸˳ȻŶ̫һ˹ȥл㣡
̫һֽӹֱ㽫ӰεˣڱһţȻ̫ϾƵľת𵤣
ͷû֮ǰĵ̫ˣҲûʲô԰ģתҲòϣ͸ˣ
ˣⶫ㻹Űɣ
̫һҡҡͷ˵Ȼֽת˹
Ÿһɻģ̫һŽ͵Ϊǵ㾳磬ʲôҩ֮ĶõģҲȪˮеˣôҲǺܴĶ㻹ԼŰɣҪĶԻȥѰҵģ
̫һô˵ҲǲǿˣȻ㽫ת
ô׼϶أȻҪһϣһЩʱ䣡
ֵ
ұ֮ãҲûκһطסˣҲ֪絽ǱʲôģҲģҪˣ
˵Ż̫һǷɳȪˮ۵ĺһ˲ǳһɫۡ


465 
΢΢һ㶣ôҲû뵽̫һҪ뿪ˣϾոô˵ҲҪϢָһ°ɣϾ֮ǰʧһ
˭뵽̫һҪˣ
Ҿʱ뿪æôҪָһ²У
̫һҪָҵķ͵طͲͷˣ
ۿŶ̫һѾҲǲ֪˵ЩʲôˣպʱҲȫָ˹Ҳֱӷ˳
һϵʱ㱻ˡ
֮󣬸㽫һԵɽͼȻԶ̫һ˵ȻˣôҲͲ˵Щʲôˣɽͼǻ£
Ҫ˵ɽͼǵһɶõıͼе磬Ǳȸռǿ̫ˣǸɲҶɽͼʲôǷ֮룬ֻΪɽͼŮ
Ů˭ǿǻĴ˵еĸ
ûӰΪУֲ֪ŮںδҲû취Ůȥǽ̫һȽ׵ȻŮ
˭֪̫һһɽͼȴǺܲͷİ˰ֵ꣬һǲҪģ㻹ԼŰɣϾô˵Ҳһ鱦
ðɣ
̫һҪҲֻˣԺҪлĻȥŮɣ
֮ʱһЩҪ˵
ڸʱ򣬶̫һ
̧ͷһֻ̫һѾǳԼǰˣϵΪء
˵ɣأ
ͷ
̫һһָŸĿڶŸ˵ۺʱۺεأ۷ʲô飬㶼ҪţһҪԼıģǰ˭ѾˣҲԶٳˣֻѣҪʲô飬κ˶޷棡
Լɵ飬ɽͼеʱ򣬶̫һѾ֪ˣ˵Щʱ򣬸Ҳûие⣬֪̫һ⻰ıȴŸ壿
Ϊ̫һûע⵽Լʳھӣʵ϶̫һѾ֪ˣڵʱ̱뵽һ˼顣
еľ죬Ѿȥ
˵ֻͨһ̬л
̫һ֪Ҳȥ룬Ϊ֪ܻ޷ܣܻҪһԸ飡
ԣȥˣ
ΪŸ
İɣЦЦǰ˭ʲô£Ƕңڵңң֪ʲô¿ʲô²
ܺã̫һЦЦȻĸļ˵ģ飬ǾԲἰģ
˵ͷΪȫŶ̫һ
ţ̫һĿǺ䵽˲ԶˮײϣˮײڵŮ˿ǽ˫ۣ˿Ҳûѹļ
ݣȻҲס̫һģ̫һû˵ȻҲǲ˵ЩʲôΪʵû໥ܣֻεЦ
̫һ״Ҳֻҡҡͷ漴ԸֵˣǾʹ˱ɣϣǻһ죡
أ
ҲǸæŶ̫һ˹֡
̫һһӣ㻯һϿշȥˡ
ʱȻ뵽һʮҪ飬æǵ̫һ
ΪʱʱĶ̫һѾǻһ⣬ƿռȥˡ
ԲۣҪҪôƫƫôҪ¶أ
ۿŶ̫һѾ뿪¾ǴΪյ
ԭֻΪڸղôһ˲ĹԼ»ڵʮĵطأ
ҪǶ̫һֵĻͲ¶Ѵ֮԰ԼĴȥǡ
ԼȻôҪˣ
ʵϸ˵ĻҲָܹȻʵвûʱţǸȴǰ׹֮ش꣡
갡
˭ǵԼ»ڵʮĵطأ
Ӧʱⶫ̫һѾ뿪ˣ
£ֻǿԼˣ
ǵù
㬵뵽ȴǲżˣΪ£żҲûʲôˣϸһôأ
ţһУȻһö˶ҺǳС
ڴ֮ǰǵȲһУ


466 ԪӤ
ʵԶ
˵ζ±һж
ˣڿżζˣ
һҧȥ˲һζڿɢ˿Ȼ븹У
о̫ˬˣ
ټһңûñ㱻ԵֻʣһҺˡ

Ĵ˸ãֱ㽫Һ˶ˡ
Һصһ˲䣬ʧˣȻ֮ǰƬԣðһССѿûã㳤һһߵ
ѾȫָˣҲԱˣһӦþ취뿪ˣôûĸ˻зƺǣЩˡ
ţһ뵽СҰ飬жʱһŭ
ôãСҰûȵ˵ԼҲǱһҪǵĻԼ϶Ҳᵽǰ׹֮ȥģ
ʱ䰡
ʬⰡ
ˣһҪǺúˣ
ţ˲һ׼ȥͺܾϸ׸ôȥ
ȻȸںܾϸǰʱȴѾ˵ˣΪһ˲ĹǲԼϾȻ˷˼ı仯
û˿ԥ±æȻʼĬ칦
ʱ˿̣ϸͺܾ˶ڸߣȻҲǲ˸ϵı仯жʱҲһ棬һģȻҲǲҴֻǰһԡ
Ƭ֮󣬸۾Ȼ󲻿ŵ˵ôܣ
ϸͺܾҲǸӦ˸ϵϢϸæŸЦϲ˵ѾԪӤˣ
ϸ˵ûʱ˿̣ȻѾԪӤһԪӤڵΪ
ϸͺܾʵʲôԽܵ飬Ͼͥɣô챦Ҳʲô׵ģ
ڸʵ̫ˣ
ȻôԪӤˣ
δȥ׹֮ǰҲǹڵΪˣȴѾǴﵽԪӤڣ
Խķǲе̫ˣ
Ȼڰ׹֮ش꣬ҲûôôϡͿ޳ԪӤˣ
Բԣⲻԣ
ҡҡͷȥһԵϸͺܾˣæǱ۾ʼʶ̽ڵԪӤ
֪ΪΣһɲĸоҪԼôˣ
ûãһɵġӤһԪӤ˸ʶ֮С
⡭ⲻǾǿ𣿡
һԼڵԪӤģе±һֻһۣ㿴ˣԼڽԪӤȻɾ仯ģ
һʵ̫ˣ
Ȼ֮ǰûмԪӤǹԪӤ칦Ҳмأ칦еļأ˵ԪӤӦǺӤһɫ״Բܻǻɫģ
ټ֮ǰʳ˾еǲԶˣ
ģ⵽ô°
һ䣬Ϊٵǵûо˿ϲоһĪΣ
ԪӤԪӤ
ԪӤɾһҲžʶô죿
ʱʶѣռԼ꣬ԼԼ
ţϵֱţָæʶ̽ԪӤв鿴
еĽЩԾŻɫԪӤ˵Ĵʶ֮⣬ҲûκεˣֻһжʱһѪĸо
һеһУƺڸֻԪӤ
һʱ䣬˳˼֮С
õǿⱾӦһ£Լ޷ƣôҲɻ£ƽĶۣĲԼȫƿ
ȻڿǶôǿֻԼﵽԪӤڵΪѣһΪҲûﵽ
ǡܹ黹һ죡
õ᲻ᱩ¶Լأ˱˲Լǰݣôǵòʧˣ
ţ̾˿Ȼ۾
飬Ѿ޷Щʲô¶ˣΪѾȫԼںˣԼԪӤΪԼѪһ֣
ΨһģǿסҲȥʹ֮⣬Ҳ޿κˡ
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ʲô취һ⻰СҰʱҲپǰʲôˣϾҪ뿪

Ҳ˵ʲôֻǳСҰ֣Ȼæڴеľ˹ȥ
СҰΣֻҲǸȥ


477 ϴ
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Ȼһȥģо죡
ǸϣģϾʵ޷ܾĴڣԼҲˣ
û˿ԥ±˻ǾڵĿԲٿس
ţֻһʺĺѪһĻԳð˳ڸĿԶϷ˹ȥ
һ˲䣬ȼȴǺ޲ȻǺ;սţͬʱͷϷġաҲ˿
ԼµĹȻûطȻǶ磬һĻҲٵģͬģٵˣôҲǻģ
治ǿֻɲǼĹ˲㽫ȫȼ˾ϣΪûʶĹϵҲǸо˿ʹҲˣ
ųӣڵƬҲǿʼٵı
Ͽ뿪ɣٲߵĻҲģ
СҰæԸ˵
֪ΪΣʱ˿̵ĸȻǾһּΪĸоǽţȴǸæҡҡͷɢԼ뷨
߰ɣ
û˿ԥ±ǺСҰǰͨ
Ǵͨһ˲䣬˭Ҳûע⵽һźСӺԾϷɳȻֱӱû˸֮У
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ٴ۾ʱ򣬸㿴ǰģѪڣ±̲סһ䣬˵⵽ô£ѵղŵһж
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ûκԤ׵ģǰͻأıһӳ׵ʧˣڸЩزʱ򣬰һǺĽкһ˺˹
ʱȴûлع
ţǸһӱײ˸ϣȻֱȥ
ȸӦʱһжѾЩˣѾǺݺݵҵ˵ˣϻѹٹǺСҰ
ҲСҰ˵Ͻӹ
ϴľʹ±Ǻһߺһ߸æϵСҰ˿
ţ˱ڵϴŴˡ
ղ飬СҰãֱǸһģ
ιιι⵽ǷʲôˣأôͻȻʧˣ
ʱϫŲһ㿴ϫȻ߷˹ȻѾ˷еľϡ
ڿȴûʲôˣ
ʱСҰȴҲǺ䷴Ӧ˹ղûע⣬ʱϸһƣʱɫһ䣬ΪԼ˿ƺûлع鵽ʵ֮УҲԶǸ˾ȻԷУ
𣡡
ʱһŭ˹СҰ̧ͷһʱֱһֻһֻ޴Լ˹
⡭⵽ô£
СҰһŵĿʵ
ŰϫСҰʣȴûشˣΪҲһ仰ܽ͵飬ǰͷˣ΢΢һЦȻȱ˵ˣǴȥϴɣ
νϴ裬ȻȪˮˣͥˮУϾȪˮޱȣһ㶼ģɲ˷ѡ
Ǻûã˱ȫֻһڿͥˮС
˿̣˶һɵģΪ˶֪е飬ǳ䶨ˣ


478 һҲ
ȵȡ˵е㻺ˡ˵ʵǻĹŴ˵еɣ
˸Ľ֮СҰ±ЩˣѾθݣʵ̫Խ˰ɣ
ȻձˣձԴڻĹŴԴĳ̶ֳ˵ձʵҲǻĵһ֧ˣԹڻɵĴ˵ձʵҲŲٵļصġ
ʲô
ϵĴڣǳͬʱӵŷɽ
֮Ǽܣ
ҪСҰǰĸһĴڣʵЩ̫ˡ
ԴˣҲֻεҡҡͷȻֵ֪˵ȷʵЩ̫ԽˣҿԸ㣬ģȷʵͥеɣˣԱλҲ࣡
˵ţָָһԵİϫϫһ⻰±ǰ˸һۣƺ˵ƨ°
ǽţСҰĿ˹ϳ˲ŵɫðϫΡ
ɣҪǲۿһĻǲŵģ
һԹĶ
ϫһ⻰εҡҡͷȻ

ûκԤ׵ģֻϫˮֺȼ˻棬ҿٵı˰׹ǣⳡ±ǿСҰ㵲ѡ

һ죬ֻϫԴҲһ˲ȼ˻棬ҲԼٶȱһȼŵͷСҰʱѾ˵ˡ
ţϫǽԼ˶ǱˮУٴγʱȻֱ֮ǰģ
ûѣȷʵ࣬ǹ壡
ϫ͵
һСҰˣһЩ֮֮ǰеʶʱҲǽ⿪ˡ
ΪʲôҵΪʲôԲٿһֻսΪʲôӵôһƬĿռ䡣
ֻΪɣ
ţСҰʱҲȻˡ
ţ˶ʱһûһΪкСҰкԶڸղСҰҲǱؾ˵һ飬ϫȻɻ󣬵ȴҲû˵Щʲô
ţ˵˵ţ˵˹СҰȥϡ
ȻͰϫɱĵԱԶձĸȴǴţȻδظҸͰϫ鷳СҰȴǲһˡ
϶ǲŹСҰģ϶ǻܵ׷ɱģ
˵£СҰȴЦȻʵм飬һֱûü㣡
ʲô£
һʱ䣬ҲЩ
ڵʱҵõһұΪ֮ʧڿûʧ
СҰúص˵
һȴǸ˸ͰϫȤǴߴٵˣϻϽչʾǿ
ðɣСҰ˵ͷű˰ţ˵Ǽţǵ¿ʲôǶңǡ
ˣ֪ˣϽʼɣ
ϫҲ̲סߴٵ
СҰ״ҲͲ˵ˡ
ʱȴЦСҰ̫СˣҪ֪ҿɰôҲҲϫϽһ
˵һ룬ǱɫȻæкߵİϫ׼ս
ֻ˿̳ǰģȻ֮ǰ
ģֱûһﲻǱô
һ˲Ĺ򣬸顣
ʱߵġȴһӻæ˰֣ȻЩż˵𡭡֡ҡҰ
ССҰҲ
һ⻰±̲סһ䣬ǱˣСҰ
ţСҰǱ֮ǰģȻһƵĿŸͰϫ˵ҲǶǰ𣿡
˵ˣôû˵񰡣
̲סһ䡣
СҰ˺ڰ֮Ż˵İɣֻӵһѣȻԱ񣬵һңֻǵõѣ
⻰ͰϫҲǰݵĳ˼֮󣬸ʵԺ׼ô죿
СҰЦЦʵǰҲ໵µģȻӵôһȥԵ飡ȻĵԱѾȫɱˣձĸȴ˿ûܵ˺׼صձȻ󳹵׻飡Ҳҹҵ񣬻Ӱ֮ˣ
СҰľͰϫȻҲͬģҲֻǶСҰ䣬֮⣬Ҳû˵Щʲô


479 ֻ
Ȼ˿̷仯ģֻСҰѣϣҲǷһЩ仯
вͬǣСҰǵõȴʧȥ
֮ǰǿɾԪӤ˿ȻʧˣʱĸȻǻָ֮ǰΪ
ʧȥڱ˵һԽܵ飬Ƕڸ˵ȴһΪ˷ܵ飬Ϊʼգӵ
ϴ裬Դ·֮󣬸ŴСҰͰϫ档
ŵһѶѺƽ̿һĶ˳Ĭ֮УʱȴҲӿһĪļ¶
ãǽ˳һɻԳð˳Ȼ˲˵¡
жǲܱ֪ģõİ취ֻһѻȫյˣ
ȵ˳˲ֿ⣬Զı㿴ܾ˹ҾļϣȻһˣϸһƣȻһŮˡ
ˣķԸһֱΧȺţȻץŮˣ
ܾ˵ţӾϽӹŮˣȻƵ˸ǰ
ϸһŮ˲Ǳˣ֮ǰνĸɽӣ
Ȼ֪ɽӵǲСҰӣǵСҰɽӵʱɫǱѿ¾֪ɽӿ϶ǺСҰĳĹϵˣ飬ȻҲǲòˡ
СҰҪ뿪ˣҪһ𣿡
һԵСҰʵ
ˣСҰҡҡͷϫ뿪ɣһЩ˽Ҫ֮һǵģ
Ǻã뿪ˣ
˵ͷ˵Ȼ㽫ܾ˶սռ䣬ţźͰϫ˹ȥ
ȵͣĵطʱ֮ǰֿҲǱյʣ޼ˣţǻһϨˡ
˳֮󣬰ϫ±ǷȻ֮ǰͣĵطʻȥˡ
ȵҵԼ֮Ÿ뿪ˡ
ٴվԼǰʱ򣬸кǸпǧˣǻˣ
ʱ˿̣ȻѾϰ˵ˣȴǵƻͨģţûãһŲ
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ܵľɫôϤ͸Լ뿪֮ʱһģһ
뵽ʱ򣬸ЦΪ뵽ԼȻǱʱ䣬ʵ֮УҲǹȥ˴ѣһУֻᷢı仯أ
μɣ
ʱعͷһ㷢عһЦĿԼ
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û˿ԥǶȻֱӱعһӵ
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˿̵ĺ꣬ƺո˯ѣЩزԼʱ±ڵ˹ȥǻûʲôʱǰǳһӰȻţԼͻȻ㱻һ˸ıסˡ
һӣ˹
ȵ屧ԼǸʱһӱ
þòĺ㣡
Ц˵
⻰ʱкһĪļ¶
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ţǴԼǰʧˣæͷһʱ㷢ָǱסԼԶĹ˿̹Ҳһ㵵ģƺҲ֪⵽ô£
ʱӰǳ˸Զĵط


480 ͥ

˲Ĺ򣬸ǴһȻһ˲ƣǰ
ϸ˵ĻĹϵʵûжãôʱ䲻ˣжҲЩģԵ׼Ҳһӵ
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ҡ
׼˵ЩʲôǺЩ˵ˣΪͻȻ뵽֮ǰ飬˵ʵֻǰŮĶѣԼѾƽˣЩ鲻Ҳգ
ҸΪҪǣѾȷԼʵǺͷһǵɣƵݱ֪˻ûʲôϵΪƲְͥҲͥʲô˺ԼɾͲһˣ
ҪǱ֪ԼʵҲһɵĻô鷳ɾʹˣ
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˷֮󣬺Ըµʰӣ͹ΪѾ˯˵ԵʣʱҲһ˿˯ˣ˱ڿһ飬һŵԡ
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뵽ʱ򣬸кЩˡ
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ΪѾǺһ𱻳׵ˣӦԶٳˣܵǲӰԼЩҪˡ
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£ˣɨӦûǾסģֻǸղȥˡ


481 ϴ
뵽±ǽɨƴ˿Ȼ֮ǰ׼õһò˶ڷϡ
Ҫ֪ͥģʵûʱɨǻˣѶȻֽˡ
ڵİ裬Ҳ֪ɨҲǾסģҲʱȥһ°ˣ˵ٹһͻˡ
һӺò˶ڵ֮󣬸ʲôȻæǴɨƿռһ̳ɾƳһԭơ
ԭȻ󣬵Ƕڸ˵Ҳ㲻ʲôȻɨϲȣͽܵģȻҲǲСˣ
ɨڵӣҲһӣ˵һľģãǿԱ֤ϵķʼնάڷȥһ˲䡣
֮ʵźɨһ޶ԲɨʲôʱģȻһڵľƲˡ
ںõһƲˣЦǿɨǻ˷ܵģˡ
ţǴɨƿռֽͱʳȻдһ֡
ʵֵģѾνˣɨֻҪһƲˣ϶֪ǸˣΪʾԼɨǵأһֽ
д֮󣬽ֽѹھ̳棬뿪ˣ
ҪȥĵطֵˣϾӦԬʵǵ̫ˣҲЩȲˡ
Ϊɨǲϲ޵ĹϵɨѸʱ򣬸ҲûޣǳɨѸ󣬸Ҳ͹ܲôˣ±޸˳ϾɨƵٶȣ޿ǿöˡ
ֹһֵ
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ЦЦϴ˼ҲİԲʱʱ̵̿ͥסţϸ㣬ҶкüûˣûаѼɨɾҿҪŶ
⻰һڣСӵ±ŵϴİɣķԸֵ⡢ǰǰĵطǶѾɨɾˣ㲻أ
һ⻰ҲЦȻУھȥһ°ɣҪ˵ĻкöҪǵģ
˵⻰±˽ȥСҲǸæ˽
ϴмұ㣡
ʱһԵСǿ˵
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Сӵ֮ǰ㲻ڵʱ˼ɣ˵ʲôɵˣͳģ˵ԺټĻõ

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ʣһ㶼ЩװĵӾ£û뵽ȴǷԼϡ
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ڹŴĻģΪ˳ӵģܹλСǻһӦķΣʱҪ׷ΣλСġʵ۵ģεĳƺҲ廨ŵġ
ЩӸλҼʵ۵ģǵķȻҲͬȴһ֣ͬǾǳ
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СͷȻЩ˼˵СüʰģҲ֪ˣСüϴĳˣ
С˵ţСü˹ȥ
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öע֮󣬸ſʼֵĻ
ֵͥȻ㲻ʲôĹʵҲǲˣΪԺһԺҪһȥĻ϶Ҳǵ˷СĹˡ
ûôģΪǱȽ⼸ֻСģǿ϶ķԼ
ԸҲֻļһ¾ͰˣڼĽԼʮֵģ
һ·ǸǰһĸоǵǵϵĸɸɾĴǽҲˣҲΪ֮ǰЩֵȻҲǶ˼
ò˵ЩСūŮ澣һõİ취ҪΪĻֵԼҲǲԸˡ
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Ĵ֮ز±ǼΪɵĸ˲ˮ
ǱˮżźȣǷڱ
Ƭ֮ɵñüͷȻززҶģ
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˵Ҷ϶֮ǰһεֵմģˮζƺҲֻһĲҶѣֲ裬Ѿǲˡ
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˵ţɨƿռｫ֮ǰɨѸõɲ˳
ȻóģʵҲֻһСֶѣҲһҰˡ
Ҷȥһ
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ʻСӵ±ҡҡͷûУһʱһֱģһֱû鷳
С˵ţоȻһ˿Ϊʧ
źЦСӣСӿɱ̫ſ˰ϾڻֻһСӶѣ֮ͥУһܴ㣬ĿǰΪֹ㻹ûи˱Ȼı𣬵ȵѧɵʱ˵ɣ
Сһ⻰ǰһȻһĿŸ˵ϴҪұ°ɣ㱾ôҪǽ̸ҵĻҾͲʲôˣ
⻰ЦСӺǰСǾ𣿡
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СðĿŸ˵
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СҲǸæŸ˵
һԵСüҲǲ˵ϴȻˣϴҪǲĻôһӴɶأǻǾҲҶϴ֣
ĻǵõСӵ˵ͬ
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˵⻰ǿСӵмұҪһǣǾǧǧͥҴƽʱֵССֵģҲûʲôϵǼţɾǲһˣΪҪǴˣǻҵͷϣʱһ鷳ģҪǲĻôҾͻǸߣ𣿡
˵ʱ򣬸ѾǿʼЩˡ
Ҳûа취飬ΪÿСӵʱ򣬲ɵñʥǰľ
СڻãϾûʲô£Ҳʲô̫ĻԼϾҪͰ˾ڸˣѧ˰˾֮СڵͨԳѪ᳹׾ѣʱɾͲһͨͨСˡ
ͨԳı£Ƕ꯻Ҫǿ࣬꯵ıֺʥһ޶ĳ̶ֳ˵ͨԳʵʵǱջҪǿһЩġ
һͨԳѪСȥ


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Ҫķ飬ôԼҲѲ˸ϵ
ڰͰ˾С֮ǰǱúøСһģ
Ȼ˸Ļ֮Сӵ±һ֣صĶԸ˵ϴģҿ϶ͥģһ鷳ģ
ҲǣҲͥϴ鷳ģ
ʱСҲǸæĵĴ˰Ʊ
ǼСڣԴǹ¶ҲûԼĸĸҲ֪ǻ֮ǰһֱͥײŵģ
ڴ֮УҪĲֻͥɺڴвϾ֮Уһǿʳ磡
ֱ˸֮һеһжǱˣ
ǲͥײСˣͥݣǲپͥе˺ˣΪֵմˣǲٵĻᱻеĴħԵˣΪǴ˿ȻǾסͥУ
飬ǷǰǼֱҲ룬ȴķˣ
һеһУҪ鹦ǰˣ
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ֹһɶѣǵػǵĳǴĵ׸ммΪһ飡
ϣģֻǾܵİﵽΪκε鷳
СҪѧ£ʵҲֻΪ˱ԼǣʥҪõͨԳҲҪνٻ
ҪģֻǿԺúõıԼ֮ˣ
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ģǶǰ⼸ֻСֵģǿʮ͸ģ
ţЦȻˣǼ¾ͿˣԺͰȵʱһˣҵҲйģ
лϴôڿԽұ𣿡
С˵źǴյ˸ߡ
ȥȥȥһȥ¶Ȼ˵ҺȻȣ
ۿزǶһˮ˽±ǶСӰ˰˵
˵⻰ʱ򣬸ȴǲǶСӼüŪ۵ʹһɫСԼߣ±˸˼ȻһЦˡ
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زŲˮ߽ʱһɵζҲǺƮɢ˿ζ±Сǽ
ţǵĿǲԼͬزŵĲϡ
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ززʲôΪʲôô㣿
ŵЩ˵ζСӵ±Щ͵ʵ
һʣһżץӺʱһġ
ƺǺСĻزæסСӣȻ𡭡СɱⶫɲǸģ
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ز˵ŻһӣȻæСӣ˹ȥ
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ȵزˮݸʱһʱ䣬ӶһɵζζСǼ¶˼Ϊܵı顣
źЦǲɫĺɲ裬ɲ˿ҲûжٵζˣϾȪˮĹЧǱɲҪǿֹˣԴȪˮ֮󣬸Ѿٺɲˡ
һɲ裬ŽеĲ豭Ȼ΢ЦĿǰһС˵ôţҲ
ŨĶǻһĪĿСӻһֻͨˣСµķӦڸ֮еģ
Сſˮ˵ͷźһŵĿϴܺ𣿡
ֿزǣֵҲ𣿡
ҡҲԺ𣿡
£ֻСҲЩԾ
Ȼ֪ɲ赽ôĶǴŨ֮ͥУ϶ҲһѵõıˣĶһɿܵĵģӦֻ֮ͥλӸλɲܵõ
ЩСܵĵģ
Ե⻰ʱǰЩСǶʱˣ
Ȼɲ輴ͥ˵ҲһΪѵõıǶµĸ˵ȴǲʲôˣҪ֪ƿռǻŶʮҵɲ裬óһЩСǺȣʵ㲻ʲô
Ҹղóһɲʱ򣬸ʵҲ˼ģϾСĿʼĻҪ޷ģ֮ͥбԣ϶ҲǲģҶʵҲԼСӵһְˡ
ǰСǶһ˵ģ΢΢һЦֶˮһڣȻ˵زһ˵һ˸ԼҲһ
ллϴ󣡡
һ⻰СӶʱ۷ŹŸл֮󣬱æһ̵زǰ
ллϴллϴ󣡡
ֻСҲǲʾȿֺĶŸлȻ㽫زΧ
زҸңȸһ
ҲҪҲҪȸһ
ǵģ֪ҪŮزȸһ

һʱ䣬СǺǳ
һزȴЩżǱ𼱰һһȸСüһɡ
ûãֻС±һһɲҸԶһܵģ
СӺȵ죬֮󻹲δͣȻϵɲ˹ȥ
ز״ϱǽϵɲ˻ȻСӵСӣɲҪ̰죡ϴ˵ˣֻܺһ㲻Ҫˣҿǲģ
Сһ⻰ɫһ죬ȴǰͷȻһĵ˵ߣһôȾͲȣʲô˵ģ
һԵĴ⻰ȴЦȻԸ˵ϴɱ˵СһȻ˵ȣ֮϶͵͵ȵģ
ۿԼȻǱ͸˵ףСӵɫǺȻһĵ˵ϴ˵ҿ϶͵ȵģ
εЦЦź˵ղֵתһȦò˵ĻǲģҲ⣬ҾҪúõĽһ£

һ⻰Сӵ±ǿ˿пտҲĲ豭˵ѵ⻹ǽ
ֻСҲЩסˣΪʱ˿̣ǶСһΪɲǸǵĽˣڿƺ
ţǵЩ˷ΪĽһĶ
˵±Ǵɨóģ϶ǶӦСǵģΪֻܷӳĹЧ
ǵΰڷϵʱСӵȴǺɫҲЩ
񣬺øЩסˣΪ֮ǰں͹Ҳ
˵Сǿ϶ΪԼɱֵˣ
ţεЦȻС˵ιǿɱ밡Щͨɱֵõģ˼ʱ򣬴һרɱᵤģҷҲûãóǣҪǲҪĻôһǷŻȥɣ
˵ţҪ
ǺʱСȴЩżСӸæ𡭡ϴ𡭡ǵȻҪˣ
˸Ľ֮СǵҲ˹ˣȻţǵĿǱһſɫ˹ȥ
Ϊ壬ԭʼɭе壬Сͼɱɱĳ棬Զɱᵤ飬ʵҲİˡ
νɱᵤĲֻѣΪ
Щ˵һɱһ֣ҶôֻҪǿŶҽ֮ȫĻôͻӵ֮ǰɱֵֻ
ֶԣǱʲôɲ֮ĶҪˣɲ֮ĶֻҪתΪҪ̿ųɣȴȫô鷳ֻҪ²ܵõ
ĶС֮ǰ붼飬һʵ̫ܻЩѾֶ֣ͬΪ壬Ҳ²ȥ֣ȴǲһˣ
ǰ˭ܾܾˣ


483 
ԵҪʱСһʱ񣬸æֹ˸
ۼˣҲЦҲͲ׽ŪСˣνǡ
ţ뵽ʲôæֵǼţʱǧһÿֻһ֮˲ſ𣿡
Ҫ֪֮ǰ͹ʱ򣬿˯˰µʱ䣬ҪСһĻôֵ˿ˣ
ɲԵ»ǲǸСһ
СӵȻ׸⻰˼ǸæӦϾ¿һ˵õһ֮ǵΪȵʲôӦأ
СǸԽС漴ֿز˵زһЩҪԸ㣡
زһ⻰æŸʩһȻſ˵ϴ˵ɣزأ
֮ǰҸǹɲ裬ÿʱһ֮⣬ҲǿԺȵģɶȣһֻܺҶҾͽ㱣ˣ𣿡
Сһ⻰۷ŹҲˣΪɣò͸ҲˣôҲû뵽Ǻɲ裬һһ¿Ժ
ȻνָľǷβҶˣҪ֪һβҶɲֻܳһˮģһ裬ԼӺüˮĻÿºȵĿɾͲֹˣ
ɲĸǵΪҲˣ
ţСǾԼ˯Цˡ
زҲһЦĶŸݵزˣ
ллϴ󣡡
СҲǸæŸȥ
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һ⻰زǶŸһݣȻ׼ȥ
˭֪ʱǿ˵Ȼᣡ
ԣزǺͣȻһֵ˹֪ʲôԸ
ָָϵɲɲҲ͸ˣȥ˰ɣ
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زһ⻰һϲһл֮󣬴ǰɲ豧˻Ȼһ˳ȥ
գۼĹʣ¸Сˡ
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źЦȻվߵС󣬽űݺݵСӵԴһ£лʲôͲеϢ𣿡
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СԴʹ±ǱԴһȻһƵĻعͷҳȥĻɲ϶ǱСһȹˣϴҲǵģ𲻸һأ
С˵ţȻЩԹ˸
ҡҡͷȻֶСЦУͲеϢ𣿼ȻҰ㵥ô϶кöҪˣʲô
Сһ⻰ǰһȻæʲôöϴϴϽҿ£ǲǱɲҪõĶ
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ʱСѾЩһץӶһ߸æʵ
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Сһ㶣ƺЩ׸ΪʲôҪԼ£ǽǸæӦ˹϶ǸҪԼˣҲǲҵ飬һߴӦţһ߱æ
ʵϣСӹµʱ򣬸Ȼǽ˳ʱСӰݵʵǸǸе
ͨԳԬıԼԵģСҲǰԬˡ
ʵ֮ǰҲҪΪԬһ¹ڣʲôģ΢һ˼ַ뷨
ԭֻΪ֮սʱԬǴͥɵĵжӪģǶҲԬ³˴֮ͥУԬĵǿǶȥˡ
¹ڣҪĻû׼ԼС֣֮ĽɲǸҪģգǷ뷨
ˣСӻǱҪеģֻԬıˣԬ飬ҲǻһĵģϾ֮ǰԬҲ߹ϣģֻԺúõĻȥѣ
ǰóһһĶСӺЩһɻĿϴʲô
˵ʵʵĶӿͷ
С⻰еĺ֮ĸԽǿһһģ»Ŀͷ
ͷ֮С̧ͷҪ𣿡
۾ȻҪ

£һҪڼΪĳ²ܽе飬ұҪԷҲ˿⹦δشĳˡ
ڣСҲֻһé®СһˣûܵκȾģȻҲûκεģ
£ҲǻһָȻСӶͷϵ˹ȥ
һ˲ĹСӵӺ͵һȻһޱĹǴԺ֮УȻԬ֮ʴԺеһӰ
ڹƬ̼ɵ飬Сȴǹ۾۾ʱɫѾǺ֮ǰһˣ
Ƭ֮СӺվȻϴ⡭𣿸ղ￴ǸˣҵͨԳ𣿡
˵ͷûͨԳˣװ˾ҲͨԳиҴģ
ôѾ𣿡
СӺʵл˸žӨỨ
ʱһΪԼΨһͨԳˣͨԳһһĺʵ࣬ҲˣɽеĺȺͲһֱŵ
֮Ȼύ˲ٵĺѣǱϾҲԼͬ࣬ݹ¶кܶ
ǼԼһ棬û뵽ԼȻѾˣֻһĹͱԼ
ʼգֻǹµһ˶ѣ
СһĵɫȻҲ˼֣ϾСӸղſ飬ԼҲĿģģ
ã̾˿ȻſС˵ˣҲѹˣȻȲˣ㻹زǺҰΣǶǻһֱߵģ㲢¶
С⻰ΪЦ˵ͷ֪ллϴҪûĻҲܻҵȣܻõĹˣ
С˵ţĿе˹
ǵԭʱˣֻҪСӵĻԬ֮ǰиԼҲȫˣ
ţһ֣صĽȻݸСӵͨԳԬıԭϣԳΪȸͨԳ
⻰СӵͨһӹڵأȻ˲˫֡
û˿ԥ±ǽСӵ˫֮С
Сеһ˲䣬ºǵһ⣬գۿȥȻһɹâţȻţСӵӺ͵һȻǾȵе˹ȥ
˵Сˣһ˲ҲЩɵˣΪû´ĻղŵľٶȻ
ȻСˣ
ڸʵЩ̫ڷ˼ˣϾһģѪʶӡģǵһο
ȻǰҲ˵Ĵ˵ǱϾҲֻǴ˵ѣףԭ˵ֻǴ˵ѣ
СӺ֮Ե˰ɣ
ӹ֮СӱվǽаһټһȴǱĻ磬СӵԽϲ
СģҲЦаûйԬ֮ǰиˡ
ǽţ뵽ʲôȻɫһ䣬æС˵СӣͣһлҪ˵
ԸСӵ±ǸæͣȻһ˷ܵĿϴ㻹ҪʲôҪ˵ģһúţ
˵ͷһ˵֮սʱͨԳǴͥɵĵжģͥĺܶɶǵˣȻѾˣ㻹ţѱһЩԹɻ鷳ǧҪţԺ£ǧҪ͵һЩȻǻܴ鷳ģʱҲδؾȵ㣡


484 ʦ
⻰ǸŻСˣϾ֮սʱԬɱ˲ٵˣУͲһЩɵͽͽˣҪǱ֪ԬѪ䣬ôɾͲ鷳ݵˣ
ȻͥԼǣδظЩʲô˽ǿɾͲһˣ
Щ飬ֻ;ЩͷۣȻҲҪúøСһˣ
СȻƶǶǵͷӦİϴ֪ˣԺһܵ͵ģҪûʲô¶ĻҾͲȥˣֵˣ
Сô˵Ҳ˿ǽţǾԼЩ̫ڴСϾСӿɲһ˰ֻҪλʦĻЩʲô
һʼջǾбҪѶ̫һСӣţСӣмұҪ㣬ͨԳԬȥ֮ǰλʦ
ʦ
һ⻰Сӵ±Щ˷Ȼһ˫۾Ƕ˸ϣϴ𣿡
øЩΪԬСҵʦǶ̫һǶ̫һһƫƫҲ֪ʱ֮ʱԬи鶪ϣСӻҪСΪͽ
һĻʵЩ˵ˡ
ͷһ֮󣬸˵ʵأͨԳҵʦңǰɣǸ׼ʦƫƫǰչ㣬иҪΪͽԡ
˵ţЩ̾˿֮βֵðɣĿǰ˵ĻҴӦĴʦɣ
Ү
ĻСӶʱ㻶ȸԾĽȻţʲôȻŸȥ
ףСҪаʦ֮ˣ
ʦϣͽһݣ
С˵ţģĶŸȥ
û˵ЩʲôֱӱСһݣΪ֪ȫСһݣϾڶ̫һûС֮ǰСӵĴʦˡ
¶˵еΣΪûʲôԽСӵģСа˾ѾǲҪѧʲôˣ˾޳֮پͨԳѪĿԳΪͨԳﻹҪ
ʦģʵɽ󰡣
ˣɣȻҴӦͽܣţҿûʲô½ģҵı¶װ˾򵥵˵ɣʵأֻһĶѣʦ֮ǰҾʱԵΪʦչˣλʦԺҾͲʦˣ𣿡
һĿС˵⻰Լ˵ŶЩƿˡ
ȻСȴСһĵͷףϴİɣҶģϴһһ⣡
ʲô⣿˵ɣ
ֽһԵɲһ֮С˵
СӵôԺôƺأǼϴǺʦأ
С˵ţЩԺ˹
ǼϴɣʦĻδҺ̫Щ
СһЦűϴã
ڸеǸνʦСʵô⣬ΪδȻҲûʲôˣǸɾͲһˣСлǱȽϲʦģ
ţʲôǶС˵ţ֮ǰװ˾Լ֮⣬򲻿ɽ̸κˣزǶУס𣿡
Ϊʲô
СԴǲʵ
װ˾ǵΪϳ˵һ׹ͬʱҲһطĹһ㶼ײô˵ģͼţ׹ֻԼܴڸ˾ˣ
ŸһģСӵҲǸæͷϴİɣҼסˣҲὫ׹κ˵ģ
˵ͷȻЦŶСӵСӣ˵ϴҲչ㣬Ҿٸһöɣ
˵ŻǴɨһҺһƿȪˮ
ʵϸ˵ĻǿңȪˮСӵİҪһЩû취ӶûʲôֿģҵĵһۣСӶʱ߲ˣеҲǺ䵽˵ϣȻδ
ĵֺЦֺ˭뵽ֻΪһңСӾȻҪˣ
һȻҲһԻ
ι˵еϢòãôҲĴ֮һͨԳĺôôûϢһҶѣõ𣿡
СЦ
СӺһ飬Ȼ˲˹ǲ˲ǵĿˮ˵ϵȻһεĶŸ˵ٺ٣Ҿ̫ԾˣϴǴģôôͥôûûôģ
ˣ죬ϽӸ˰ɣ
Ҳ˵ֱӱ㽫ӵݸСӡ
Сӽӹң촽źֿʵϴôܸܲزһ㣿
У±ǾܾӿҺòײŵõĶĽҪΪԺҪĻҲ᲻øأҪôȫԵҪôǻˣ
𡭡ҳԣҳԣ
⻰Сӵ±ЩżȻæͷҧһڣȻڵ
ڣ˲ǻһůθ˵泩
ϴõƿˮʲô
ʱСǿ˸ŵȪˮЩʵ
⻰ǵͷҧһңȻִڵľ׽
˻еȪˮⶫǱ³ԵһҪĶˣȻ֮ȻٰƿˮҲ˰ɣ֮ͿʼȥɣǵãҺƿˮ飬ǧܸκˣ
˵⻰㽫Ȫˮϡ
İɣˣ
С˵ţǵͷҧһڵҡ
΢΢һЦȻԼ˹ȥ
һ·ϣǹɫĳǱһζʱԼҡ
ֻһԼһƽңõļζΪҪΪ֮ģﲢûаڷʲôƷֻǰڷһЩװ֮ҲԵ泩
ƿһԵĴӳģȻһƬ޵ʻⴰӦģȻֵĺ԰ˡ
תһԽӵϲطˣ˼û¸ɵʱԼǸסϼˣȻŵĹһֱʵҲЩ̫ϧˡ
ţĿһ򴲱˹ȥʱ˿̣ǴİڷһģһķΡ
˵ȻνĳˣҲǸ֮ʱҪŵķˡ
ò˵ЩСأ
֮ǰΪֻһˣʱһ֪Լˣԭֹ⳯һһñһ˫˿ѥ
û˿ԥ±ѵԼϵףȻæһ׳ʼ
ȻЩѶȣûãǽ׳ϣմʱ򣬸һԵͭһ£ܾ׳ƺǴһ㡣
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ȻͥĳȻԴĹܣ
£̲ס̾һ䣬˵ֲɵǱҲû·ֱӸ׳⳯ҲһĶİȻԴɴСĹܡ
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վӣеһϲ㻹˵װ֮󣬻Ǳһζ
ž԰һ£ŽϵĳȻŴϵ׳սƿռĶʱߵĺһЩνб޻
ţ˳ʱСȻǲˣ֮ǰϵƿȪˮҲֻʣһƿӣһЦȻֽƿӸ
һֵæˣҲҪʼæҪˡ
Ǿҽɹȣ
֮󣬸±Ǳҽɹȥˡ
ɨָķ򣬲ʱҽɹȵĵ̡
ԶȴǲòʼΪҽɹȸƺĳĶֶȻЩԸǰһˣҲû˷ӣֻǽսǬУȻʼˡ
ǰûãǰǳһּССֻ֮Զĵطǳһ޴ɽȣɽ½ǵĵطһ޴ʯʯдСҽɹȡĴ֡


485 ҽɹ
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вɵñһϲȻæǱ˹ȥ
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ҽɹ֮Իᱻ֮ΪҽɹȣȻΪסеļλҽˣ
ȻסĲԭͥϵɣԭ˼ķҽ󣬸˼Ĺ£ᱻ
סҽɹȵҽĿǰ֪ģֻбȵ٢ʱˣֻģɨҲûмأԸҲ֪ҽɹǲǾסҽûϵԼԽȥһƲ֪
ţȻѾҽɹȵĴſڡ
˵ǴſҲҲЩУΪҽɹʵûŵģϸ˵Ļνŵһ鱻һΪľʯȻмĿ϶ҽɹȵĴڡ
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һҽ˽ȥһа뵽ȻҪǼ˼λ˵еҽĻԼοڲźã
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һ˵ÿͥĳطҪɨʱ򣬸ͱҪˣǷ⣬ɨǵĹΧʵһֱͥĸǻģҽɹҪģʲôɨΪҽɹȵļλҽסĲʲôǼʮּªéݡ
⵹ͥΪˣ˵⻹ǼλҽԼҪأ
ҽɹҪļȻǴɨôǵҪʲôأ
Իݡˮ޼ҩ
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֮ɸɨǵĻôҪȥɨˣ˵ͥĳ֮ĵطҪɨˣʱҪԳˡ
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νǣȻͥЩʿˮʿ޼ʿˡ
еĻҪԶֻ֣Ҫ򵥵ķԸһ£Щʿ֣
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ҪԺӵίɸֵմľͺˣ
뵽ʱ򣬸Ȼǿҽɹȡ
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˲ô࣬˵ҲиǧˣȻ뿪ʱ򣬺ͼλҽϼɣûؼȥТĸҲǲ
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ʱСéǰˡ
վСéǰʱ򣬸׹ԭνġСéݡʵû֮ǰôСһɨСéҲиٶƽˣֻΪأŸ˸һִ
СéǸСԺԺڷɹ˵ĲҩһЩĹߣƺҲĳҩĹˣ
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˵ţָָǰéݡ
һ⻰üͷȻλҽʲô
⻰ǱΪʵ̫ˣǵԼҪ֪飬ȻԼ
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һ⻰ҡҡͷ漴ſֲǷˣô᲻ǲܻ֢״ģУһЩҩ֮ĶһҲͺˣôҪҼλҽ

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486 ҩʦ
ˣ
Ļ˵±ҡҡͷôܻһˣͥһͨķ˿Եĵطһˣôֵͥմ񣿡
㲻ǰɣãҾ֤㿴ɣ
˵Ż±˹ʱ˺ԶڸҲ˼ֵȤеĻҲͣ
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˺ĿԼµĸ˵
΢΢һЦȻԼɣҪ˵Ļδػţ㻹ԼıȽϺã
Ȼµĸ״̬ƺǺͥһһ޶Ϊ棬ȴźܴĲģΪıȻֻһ˶ѣ
еȻ΢ɿֻҪͨ򵥵ĽӴ֮󣬻Ƿֱĳģ
ۼˣҲٶ˵ЩʲôǿʼΪ
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ͥס˼ǧ꣬ɺͷ˵ҲǼΪ˽ģһɲǣ֪ǰԷˣ
ȷʵֻһ˶ѣ
䣬üͷƷʲôĶƵģĿ˹ȥ
һּ𾪺ɻı顣
ӣЦôû˵ɣ
˵˵ͷĻȷʵֻһ˶ѣҺǣΪʲôһ˻ͥһֵͥմ񣿡
˵ţЩɻ
֪ǰһ֮һʱ뵽ľ˻᲻ԼһҲΪ˼ʲô֮ųɵģ
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ʱ˵Ļ֮󣬸˵Ҳҵ컯ˣ֮ǰּҪ˼һɨģҾͱеͥˣͥɨǣֵ֮մ񣡡
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ţ˵ȻҽڣҽҲһЩģ㲻Ļҵǿ԰㿴
˲ˣһ⻰±ǰ˰˵ʵҸûʲôģղ֮Իô˵ҲֻΪ˺ϻȻ֪λҽ֮ȻҽǶڣôҲͲˣ
˵ţҪ뿪

ʱǰ˺ҲվȻŸڵ
΢΢һ㶣ЩĿǰ˵ôˣʲô¶𣿡
Ĳ֪
ûͷûԵģ˺˵ôһ仰
ЩֵͷȻҲǲ֪⻰ʲô˼ֻǿʵ˵⻰ʲô˼
ҲӣֱӱһĿ˵㲡ˣҲĲᣡ
ɶҲˣҲò᣿
⻰ҪǴӱʲô˵Ļû׼ȥţȻٳϼڿˮΪȫǳ¶ԼôҲһˣÿɵȪˮɹ֮ĶҲϹô
ⲻǻ֮
⻰Ǵǰİ˿˵ģôɾͲôˣǾЩЦ
ȻһЦĿʵðɣȻ˵ҲˣһĲᣬôңҾﲡˣ
ŸһЦ⣬˱֪϶ǲˣ±ҡҡͷȻңôҶ˵Ҳˣ˰ˣ㻹ǵλҽ֮Ǽһɣ
Բۣ
ǰһģжʱҲӿһɲõԤУΪӸղŵ˺ǲôῪЦİ˵ˣ˼Ȼǳҽɹȣô֤Ҳһҽˣ
ȻʶҪ֪ĿŲֹǧʷˣҲκεҽʷмصģѵ˵˾һλʷгֹҽ
ȻĻôղŵЩ϶Ҳˣ
ѵԼĲ
ЩͿˡ
ţǸæӦ˹ȻһĶ˵ȷĲ𣿡
ǲһģʱǵ˵ͷû
ҵﲡˣΪҲ
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˵㵱ȻǲˣΪⲡϣϣ
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üͷһʼջЩ벻漴æʵһǲ֪ͷҽһ°ɣ
ʱ˵ǱóϿϾɲǲ̺㹫伲ҽ飬ֻẦԼûôɵ
˼״ҲǱĻţֺ뵽ʲôֶԸ˵ʱЩҩҪĥҲҪȥɣǸԿ֮ٺúΪһɣ
һ⻰±ǵ˵ͷϾ˼ԼҲǲôţԼ쵽ҲҪģȻ֪ԼϵʲôڿⲡӦҲûжôصģһٿĻҲûʲôģ
ˣһ֪ʲôأһҽܰɣҽи˼䣡
ٱ֮ʱԼ񻹲֪˵أǸæʵ
ЦЦҩʦͿˣ
ҩʦ
ֵһɲǣɨƶʱڸԺһϢϸһȻǹҩʦϢ
ҩʦԭ󣬱ĩˣҩʦֳҩʦǱĩһλҽΪ߳ҽߣرǶһ༲ŷǳߵ裬ǧƵ
һ£ͥΪͷ˼ĽѣҩʦȻ˵ȴ֮䴥
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Ҳ
ȵԺʾϢʱ̲סһ
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ҩʦĳɾԼҪΪװϾԼҲûȥ۶Ÿɵģ
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˵ţ±éݺĿյ˹ȥֻһɻҩʦվԺС
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һ±û뵽ЩʿǾȻԱһģ
Զģ˹ЩʿǶʱվĸֱһЩ
˲ֵ֪մ˵ϢҲ޿ɺǣϾֵմ񻻲˵ģҲûʲô̫ĹϵЩūɾͲһˡ
ΪҪֵ֪մͥʿĶͷ˾
ʿͥɣͥΪͼĴڣͥݣҲǱЩͥҪһЩˣЩʿɫġ
ֵմ˵ϢѾеʿдˣԼĵһۣǱϳˣŴǹˣεֵմˣ
һμԼĶͷ˾ЩʿȻҲޱȵĻ̿ˣΨĵĲãǵŭˣԴʱ˿̣еʿǲ˿
СĲμֵմ񣡡
ЩʿĿǰվʱЩʿǺǰޱȵ롣
˵ͷűˣǶɣ
⻰ʿǵǸæֱӡ
ţתͷȥȻǰһƬҩ뵽øأ


487 ɱ
ǰøأ
Ĳ֪ϾһҽɹȣǰΪɨȥɨĳһʱҪôֻ࣬Ҫ⹬ɨɾͳˡ
ΪֵմȥѲ԰ʱҲ԰عȥһˣԼҪģֻһԼලѡ
ҽɹȣȻǺ԰ģʵϻǲöˣ
ȣ԰ĵطȻҲе󣬵Ҳи޶ȵģҽɹȿɾͲһˡ
գȥҽɹȵľͷҪֻĳһطˣҪҪҽɹȵĻ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䰡
˰죬벻ףȻɨ̽һЩйⷽϢʧǣɨϾȻûйⷽκһء
ʱԴһΪ뵽ЩʿӦǾҽɹģҽɹȵҲʮֵ˽⣬ǲͳˣ
ţǺתӣȻǰʿǰҽɹ𣿡
ʿһ⻰Щɻƺ׸Ϊʲôôʣǵ£һʿشɣƬҽɹСǰģΪҽɹȱСģ
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УֺŵΪԣ֮أֲĲҩҲΪ֮óһҩҲȵٿɵ̺ˣĲҩΪ̫ϵλʥ׼ģ
ڶĵֺŵأֲĲҩȻǲһЩҩЧҲǲҲǱϲˣĲҩҪΪͥλ۾λȨص׼ġ
ֺŵأֲĲҩҩЧǱǰ˲ֹһΣĲҩȴǶͥǿŵģҲͥеһƽ֮ˡ
ĻֺŵأֲĲҩǾǲ̫ˣٲҲҩĲҩҲΪ׼ģΪͥе׼ģ
ȻĲҩٲҲȸ˼ͥˮֳ˲κֹ֮ǰҽɹ֮ʱƬ˲Σֲеڶĵֵˣ
оǣֺź͵ֺ֮⣬ĲҩӦģȻͥô࣬ٶĲҩôҪõЩɲݣҪһϵиӵ
˽⵽ЩϢ֮󣬸ҽɹһµʶΪҽɹֻǾס˼λҽѣ˭뵽ҽɹȾȻôҪã
һ룬ʱҲΪʲôҽɹȵϢҲǺɫˣΪҽɹȾȻΪʥ˺͵۾ģ
ϵеҲǿԽ͵ˣ
ÿǰҽɹȵʱҲǷִεģϾҽɹȵĵطʵ̫ˣغŵ˵ɣٶƽЩʿֽٿ죬ҲҪ߲ݵĸһˣ
ҪһɵĻôֵմһ¿ʲôҲɲˣͥȻҲǿǵ㣬ʹ˷ִεİ취
֮ǰǵֺŵǿأĻҪģȻֺŵǿˣ
ϸһ룬ЩͷΪֺŵҲ򵥣ٶƽЩʿٶٿĻҲҪʱˡ
ͥĻô˼񲻾ʮˣ
ҿЩʿǸɻʱ򣬻Ǳ˿ŵģԼҪͥôʱĻ˭֪˼ֻᷢʲô¶أ

ã̾˿ȻŶǰһʿֵˣ֮ǰôɵģڻôɰɣ
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ĻʿǵǳŸһݣȻԶĵط˹ȥ
ۼˣҲǸæ˸䣬Ȼé˹ȥ
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ЩʵҲֻǱˣȹһʱ䣬ȹ֮󣬾ָֻ֮ǰģˣΪʲôһôľ˰ɣʵ벻Ȼһ֮ɱѳɹˣ
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򵥵˵ɣҩʦ֮Բ½磬ֻΪµˣҲǰһסҽɹУÿŵĶСͷܲµ
Ը뵽취һ԰ﵽҩʦǴ˵еĶҲǼΪ棬ѵһλᣬô׵ķأ


489 ҽɹȵ
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ҲЩҲûа취飬Ϊǧ֮ǰȷʵһֻ˵ϹޣڻĹĴͳҲΪ޵Ŀ־ݱģ
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490 
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֮漴ģһΪĿ磡

ͻĳУ±ø˷ܵĴ
ŻͷһֻҩʦҲǳ˳ʱҩʦûôӦΧĻģȻЩˡ
ޣඣ
Ÿһ󺰣޺㿪ʼ
ʱҩʦҲ˹æȥ
ʱӦʮңһ̫֮ʱֻԶĵط䣬ڣ
оĵ¶Ⱥܵͣҵģȴ첻ʲô˺ˣΪµֻһѣ
𣡡
ʱҲǼΪ˷ܵĴҲΪˣ
ϸ룬ȻƬռҲԱ֮ΪһС磬ǱϾʵ磬ЩܺʵᲢۣһĻ޻ô˷ܣҲ֮ˡ
ƺЩ͵Ҫ񱼣±ǻͷҩʦ˵ҩʦȥǰ̽̽·㡭
û˵ʱµ޺ȴǶ˲ϵĸһƵķ˳ȥֻһ㵵ҩʦ
ãҩʦЦҡҡͷȻ׷ȥ
󲻶СҩʦʱҲû˰취ôҲû뵽޾ȻĺＱǷӦ˹ȻǶǰ
޵ٶȼ죬бܵʱ򣬱ǿԽɢԶȥֻټһƬ֮оȻһԵķָߣ
𣡡
˷ܵĴһ
Ŷ
ҲǼΪ˷ܵĴһȻͥȴͥûе⾰ɫϢƶ֮ϣһΨҶĸо
ʲô
ʱֻԶƶ֮УȴͻȻһܳĺڵһҵ㣬ֵĶ˲˸⡣
ҪĵطĻ϶ǲôĺˣԼ׵ĸ߿֮аҲһЩֵĶɾͲòøˣϸʱֵĶȻǻᶯģɾǸĻˣ
û˿ԥ±µ˵ޣߣǹȥ
𣡡
һ˷ܵĺŴŸ˹ȥ
ԽԽֵĶҲ˸ǰȵģʱʱ̲סԲۣôܣ


491 
ֻʱ˿̣ǰģȻڲеһһԣ
νˣһ۵ߣԼ߰ʮ꣬õҲʮֵĺͰֻȴǺ˵㡣
νԣһԼסκƻһϸĺɫֻɫаĿȻʲôüһ
ɵˣôҲû뵽Ȼ׵ĸ߿֮ϡ֮ͥ¼飡
ʵ̫Щ˼˰ɣ
Ҫͥĳ϶Ҳ̫⣬Ϊͥһжпܻᷢĵط
ﲻһ
Ѿ˼ĵ˰
Ϊʲô˼ȻҲᷢ飿
ȻʶǸߣǴɢϢʵģǸ߾ȻǴ޽ɼɣʵɨǺͶ۾
ɣͥ
ǸҲ򵥣ȻûгҲʮֵľ޴󣬵ȴѾ˴ɴɵΪ
ģ⵽ô°
ΪʲôôһȻ˼ҿƺͥɣôʲôأ
ѾЩˡ
ܿ죬ǸæӦ˹Ȼ޶һƬ֮ſʼ۲һһԡ
һΪʲôģ֪ⳡս϶ԼԲֵˣ߾Ͳ˵ˣΪȻǴﵽ˴޽ɼԼȥֻˣ
ɫ⿴ģ֪϶Ҳ׶ԸļһҪڵϵĻԼԺŴһܣ׵ĸ߿֮Уȴˣ
ԸֻǶˣһﲻҪԼ
ʵϣõİ취ĵ뿪͵ԼҲûһǸȴеҪ֪ǰⳡսΣһʱҲˡ
һ˵ǸǴ޽ɼΪɫȴǴɴɼΪⳡսӦûǸ߻ʤģ
ǻ˵ˣɫһ֪϶һΪһڳɵʱѾǿԻˣܻ̬
ȻҲʵźܴܴĲģĿǻΪɫԻĻһģģ
ôҲ˵ӵŴɴɼΪӦǲܻΪģ
ʵЩ˵ȥ
ľʵͺʹϷ֮࣬ͻԶҲǻˣȴɫϲ⡣
ȷʵҲˣֻǱ壡
ЩԾˣ
ԾĶ϶ΣյĶҲü򵥵ĵȼˣߺͺɫ֮ʤʵҲǲ˵ˣ
һȻҲǲ״ˡ
ڣһһԴļңҲѹûע⵽Ĵڡ
󣬶צݶģ˲ߣȴǳֿȭģһҲãҲ֪⵽Ϊʲô
䣬ֻһһǷ˿ֿһ˲䣬ֱ޴βɨ˹ȥ
߲ܣֻһȻȻӲĿסǺɫβͣҽβץ֮߱㲻ٷˣ˫ۺǿʼӺҪѺɫβ͸۶ϡ
ɫ˼βͣʼնʱûβ͸βϴʹҲԽӵǿʱЩˣǴĺ
ء
ɫһڣסˣãɫֻҪһڣǿ϶ҲǾ춯ذƣϾô˵ҲǽӽĴˣ˭뵽ɫĺȻļ͹Ź֣ͺӤڴһ㣡
ôӴƣȴ˺ӤһôҲɣ
ʱֻǺɫԴȻǳŸת˹ſǺɫģһ֮£ȴһļƤ
˭뵽ǺɫüģȻһźĥ̰СҹľأҿǴǾзġ
ϸһŷ֣νġɫʵһ޴ĺߣ
桢Ӥһ
ȵȡߡѵһﲢǻ
ɫ򵥴֮󣬸ԺкǸֳ˻֣
ǻĹŴ˵еһ֣˵˫֣Ӥһ㣬ɤʮּĸڴ߳һ㡣
߼ٿڣֻҪһڣضĺˮԻ߱ΪǼΪ׶֣
Ȼɫϲûʲô֮ĶҲǳצǸȷɫӦþǴ˵еĻˣ
һĻȻӵдɴɵΪȴûгΪҲǿԽ͵ˣ
Զһ֣Щֵı弸ǹ̶ˣͺһ㣬Ϊٸߣ޷ٽˣ
ȻҲʲô򵥵ĶΪģѾǳķˣ
ҪĶĻô˭֪ᷢʲô¶
֮ǰΪһһ֮Ի򶷣ֻΪҪȡɫڵڿƺô°
ԣ߿϶ʲôõ¶ȻǵǸ߷ˣ
үӣһҪӮ
ȴǿʼΪǸ߼
ߺ֮󣬺ͷϵľŭ϶㵽ûꣿǴϺ׷ִӱ׷Ȼִ׷ִӶ׷㵽۲۰
ֻǿϧŭȴ˿ҲûĻбֳӤһģͼ˵ĹͺЦҪǸĻЦˡ

˭֪ʱȴһֿŵЦЦøסˣ˵ԼûЦ˭Цģ
һʱҵЦķԴˣֻᷢЦĲǱˣŻβ͵ߡ
һ߱ŻߵβһЩ̿˵Ҳ٣ôĿɱ˵ˣһ˵ӾЦһЦûˣܲĸɼˣ˵õĺúøɼܣôľͲܱ𣡡

߿ڵ˲䣬ĳ˼ȵ߰ѻ˵ʱ򣬸Ѿ˼ˣ
ɵÿʼɣԼµǲΣ
ôϢĻȻǴһʵﵽ˴޽ɼΪǿ߿˵ģ
ôĵô£
˵Ǹ߿ͥеɣؿ϶Ҳһľˣһ˵ּĴڲӦöһɷǡȻʳ˼̻ĸ
һһôĵô£


492 ƨ
ڸһ˼ʱǻȻҲǱߵĻĲᡣ
϶ɱ̫̫ˣҪĻҿɾͲˣ
⻰˵ĵЩ̫ʧˮ׼ˣ֮սһģرа˫϶ǱҪԷصĿսģǸղŴʱҲǲʱ˵仰Գеľ⡣
⻯ˣ
һ⻰Цߣ˵ô˵вУҵЦһȻܲˣ
˵⻰ȻĽǻߵβ͸˿ȻǹЦ
ʱ򣬸ɵҲΪһѺۿźòŽǻ߸סˣֻҪϼû׼Ľβ͸۶ˣ˭뵽߾ȻҪĹͷߵβ͸ɿˣ
ѵôܴ
ڸʱߺҲǾˣôҲû뵽߾Ȼſβͣ
һ˲Ĺ߻ǸæӦ˹ֻǿٵĳβ˦˼£ȻǶݺݵߺȵ϶ΪȻˣҿϹޣҵɲһֿԱģȥĻֻܾˣڸɢȥ㿴Σ
ò˵ЩˣֻǴ˼̵ôȻϢ뿪ģ˭֪Լǵһôû̵ȻǱһɢɸ׷˺ðĹ
ҪһɢҲͰˣָɱ֮ܵõЩô׷һﲻ򵥰ȻǴ޽ɼɣ
»߿еˣôҲû뵽˼ȻΪɢɣļһﲻӦöǴͥ˼ʲô
ȻţҲֻˣ˭֪ɢɾȻǲĵ׷ǴϺ׷ִӱ׷Ȼִ׷ִӶ׷
ҲǱǸɢɸ׷ˣ
غ֮󣬻ߺܿ㷢ˣԼƺɢɵĶ֣ʵЩԾѣ
˵ԷǴ޽ɼΪΪϱǿһЩҪ֪ϹޣһӲôױ˵ģ
ʵˣغȻ˲СˣǸɢȴ˿û˵ӡ
µ񣬻ѾٴȥˣΪ֪ٴȥĻɣȻȻƴһĻпܻͶԷͬھǻ߲ô
Ϊȥ
ʼǸɢԷЦԼҲȥϾԼ軹ǲʲôģ
ǺԣͣǸɢȴǺˣǵǺҾȻֳЦˡ
ֻһ߿Цһ˵߰ߣ˵ԴǲǱ¿ˣҪǺúôԼĵ̲ĻҲץ㣬˭û¸ܳأܳĵһ¾˼ˮңˣ˵ܷŹ𣿡
ŭôˣֲˣҲͥɣҳԲ˵ģƨ£
ҪûǾͲӵ¶ãƫƫǱӸײˣɾ͹ӵ¶ˣӽζ㣡û
˵ţӡ
ڵõߵĻش֮󣬻ҲԽͬʱҲ֪û˿ˣ˳ҪˣҲܰҪ϶ŵ汳У
϶Ȼ̫ôҲͲˣҲ汳
һŭߺצ߳˹ȥ
ʱһ֮еĸ⵽ôһˣ˰죬ԭ˼˺ˮ֮ųҳˣã˻ûԵʱͱǸ߸ˣȻ߱㿪ʼ׷ɱ˻ߣ
һ׷׷ˣ
ȻǸүӹȻǸأ
£̾һ䡣
ţָæ۲ߺͻߵս
ӴʹõĶǼΪԵײֻ͵һˣǽ߸ķ
Բۣ
߿֮еߣðôһøеʮֱŤĻ
仰ûʲôģҲ˼õˣʱҲã仰һӵд޽Ϊľ޿˵δЩ̫Խ˰ɣ
ĻɣүǲҲģ
ߵڻǰʱ򣬻ߺ͵ؽԼβ˦Ȼݺݵɨߵϣֻ˲ڵһļ˳ȥ
ҲƫУķȻǸĵط
ۿߺڵһԼ˹жʱ㰵һˣ
û˿ԥ޵±Ƕ͵һߡ
ȻطǻˣǸ˿ȴ֮еģϾϣ֮󣬼ֱݣ
ǣȴǺһΪҪء
ӦʱһжѾЩˣ
ߺڵһĳ˹ӵ˲ǽΧɢˣȻҲڵ
ɢ֮޺͸ʱ㱩¶ˣ
޵һ˲䣬кһȻ͵رͣ
ԶĻҲǿ˸ޣ漴һҲǳ˾Զĵط
һ˲ǱǸߺͻ߸Χסˣ
ֱҪ޳ˣΪ֣ʱ˿̣ߺͻߵĿⶼǶԼϣ
⡭⻹ǲͲҪǸղץʱ뿪Ļ¿϶Ҳˣ
ǸϽһ°ɣһµĻӦþûʲô¶ˣԼֻһ͵ģֻ·˵ضѣλӦҲ̫ΪԼɣ
ţ߿˹ȥ׼˵Щʲô
ǻûڣߺָŸǻ
ߣȻ׼һҪӷֵĻ϶ҪԴˣ

һ⻰±Щ±ȫҲף˵⻰ʲô˼Լʲôʱһˣ
У񰡣
ţǿµޣ±Ϊʲôô˵ˣ
ΪԼ˿˵ޣҲϹ֮һΪһֻ޵ţǱ⻯̫ˣ

˿̣ҲЩ±ˣôҲû뵽ȻͬΪϹ޵ޣ
ߵĻʱ߸±Ϊֻ˵ޣѹͲʶһ˵
ۿԽԽͿ±̲סˣ˵Ҫڲ͵ĻԼ¶Ҫûˣ
ҡ
˵һ֣ǰһΣǲԼǱ˸קŵٴοǰĶʱɵñǳһ
ֻʱ˿̣޾Ȼǳ˾ԼԶĵط
Բԡģ޶ˣұץ˰
ӦĸʱЩżûץ˵ģʱһڶ
ߣûѾץˣŲھ͸ɵ
ʵģ֮ǰǸ߷ģҲ˵ԼǱǸ߸ץסˣ
ҸɵʲôаүҸһĺô
£æǴ
ǰᣡᰡǻˡҲߵͬͥɰ
ɣƭأΪûɰģҿһħˣ
ߺԲŸĻΪԸΪܻһɣɸ˵һģ
ͥɰ½繫ɵģǰҪǲŵĻ֤
ǸæҲ֪ߵʲô취¾ȻǶˣֻǺ
𣡡
ʱԶȴŭһȻ±ǳ˹
Ҫ֪޿Ǻ͸ĸģǸ˵Ļ޿϶ҲǻģԸİΣ޿ԶǵһλģۿŸΣգﻹ̵ס
ʱԶĻҲǷӦ˹Ȼû˵ЩʲôҲ֪ʲôͷֻ֪ԼҪǲӵĻҲûлˣ
֣Ǹ϶ͽԸˣСһˣ
֮ʱһ޺Ǹߣ
Բۣе±̲סһ䣬˵⻯δҲЩ̫˰ɣȻԼߵĹϵ֮󼪣
Уζ̲סģ
ޣҪңҲµģȥץסߣ
û˿ԥ±ǽ
һ⻰±ͣȴЩĵĿŸ
ȥ
ֵ
𣡡
һŭŵͷ˹ȥ
һ޾ȻԼ˹±ǰһãԼļıȻûеóѣһ޽ԼѾǶˣҪһֻ޵Ļο϶Ǳˣ
£߱Ǹæ˰βͣȻٵǰȥˣ


493 

ǰͻȻֵһĻߺЩˣǴһǰ׷Ļߺޣǽൽǰ
˿̵ĸֱͺСƵıУȴ˿Ҳã˵߿϶Ҳѹ֮֮ˣ
ĲǸһģ
߲ŵĿŸ˵
ȻǰЩЦõ˵ǰҪǲŵĻҿ֤ģȰҷſ
รðɣ
⻰Ҳûôԥľ׼ѸϾΪʵ̫ˣͶɲκε˺
ʱֺ뵽ʲôæǽеǰȵȡ㻹ȱˣҸվȣ
ʱ˿̣ȫնһƲҲûУı¸ûеģҪֵĻô϶ǻȥˣ
˿û˭˵ͻˣԼûǸµģ
Уɣӻȥ׷ǻأ
Ϊͷ˵
εЦЦϡ
ϵѹ֮ҲɢӰˣŸһ޴󻯵ɨƶʱĽ¡
ǰԷˣ
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ȻһͭƴӸз˳Ȼ±þ޴ߺΪΪʱѾǿˣ
ǰ˽µƣȻͥͨƣ
ǽϣһĿʵô˵㻹ͥɣ
԰֮ǰ͸ˣֻŶѣ
ⲻ԰Ϊûдﵽͨ˵ˮ׼ôģҿƵģҲһɰɣ
˵ţЩ
𻰣бһȻĿǰ治Զĵط˹ȥ
ޡ
޶ԼϢ
£Ǹæ˵ǰǻȱ˵ˣȸϽȥ׷߰ɣһҪûסߣ˵Ļǿɾˣ
Բۣ
ͻȻ˻ߣ߶ʱһ䣬ȻŸæ˵ԶԶԣ㲻˵ҶҪˣߵ»ûأȵȻᣬȥ˻İɣ
˵⻰±Ʋ¸ߵķ׷ȥٶ֮죬զ࣬㶼ߵʵʵʵֹǴ޽ˣ
һգ۵Ĺ߶ʱʧӰˣ

̾˿Ǹæ׷ȥٶȿĶˡ
þǸϽٻأȻ뿪ȥҩʦȥô˵ҲǸԼйصģȻҲȥæץߣȴǲ뿪ˣ
ǰһͻȻǿԶ֮УһӰͻӰһţ˵Ȼߺͻˣ
øֵǣ¶һȻûп޵Ӱ
֣޼ûвսҲΧ
Щֵ뵽
һΪǸӦ޵ĴڣָӦȴЩ΢Ǳʲôסһ㡣
˳΢ĸо±ǿʼѰ
Ƭ֮󣬿ǰڴеһһߣЩסˣ
Ϊûв´Ļ޴ʱ˿̾ȻǻߵĸУ
ʵϵ£ѾǲҪʲôӦˣǾ޴Ķӱ˵һеˣ
Ҳ޾Ȼ߸Եˣ⵽ûи
кһ䡣
ôҲû뵽޾Ȼ߸Եˣû뵽ǣ⻯߾Ȼĸҳޣ
Ȼʱ˿̣еֻǾȣǵģΪ֪ƨûУ
ȻߵΪڴɴɽ׶Σ޸һεΣǱˣ޵ǱȻǿĶˣĳ̶ֳϣߺʵҲƾˡ
ͬȵĸֶսƴ޷ǾǷڻߺ˵ƴȴˣ
µĻû׼ǿ϶ʤѷˣǸôҲû뵽⻯߾Ȼǰ޸̵ȥˣ
ֱ
ڶκһɻ˵һΪĵطǽҪ֮ǻһȻͰĵطøˣ
⻯ƺʮİտԳԵˣǿϧǣ鲢ûô˳
ҲֹڴˣԸоĵڶķʳŻߣ
һƺǰѻߵ嵱һˣ
߸տʼʱ²ĺͻ߱ƴ˼УǽȴûʲôȤˣΪĻѾʹĿʼ˹ԣѾȫˣ
Ͽҵ
һзĴţһ߼Ϊʹŭ
˵£˿϶ҲǻᱻʹŭӰ쵽ˣʶĸӦߵʹ
ǡ
ŭʱȴǲɵЦ
ʵҲֲøҪֵĻֻܹ⻯ߵʵ̫ˣ˵Сڿһ㣬ŭʱ˵ͺɤżϸĸŮһ㣬ʹŭȴǽһ
ǵĻʵҲûʲôϻӴ֮ȴǱļΪЦ
ͺñһʮĳˣһ˵ȴӤĳô᲻˾úЦأ

ֱҪЦĲˣȴǺõĶˣȻҲʮֵĺЦܹûЦǰ
ţǻߺǼΪʹĽ
ҪҪҪҵڡ
˵һ룬ߵȻֹˣӺҲ֮ϣȻѾ׵ȥˣ
һδ̫˰ɣ
Щŵ˵߸ղŵӣΪ⻯߿϶ûôģ˭֪Ȼˣ
䣬뵽˻֮ǰ˵Ǿ仰ԣߵǾ仰ӦþǶڵ˵ģϸһĻ˹϶Ϊڻڵ޳Ե˻ڵĳҪĶԻȥˡ
׻ʲôأ
ȵȡ߸ղź˵һ֣ѵ޸ղʳǻߵڵ
Щȵ뵽
ţǿ˻ߵĶӺǹĶʲôҪܳһ㡣
Ҳ֪϶Ҫˣ
ȻֻǻߵĶϺǹһĶģ޵Ķǡ
ţǡһߵĶӺ˿Ȼֻ޿еһСĺɫ˳


494 
Ҳôһڵ
޿еŵڵʱ±̲סкһ䡣
ΪֹҲǼٵڵˣôģǵһο
һԵһ±ЦСɵĲ޵ҲǹģϽްѻߵڵ
࣡
߻û˵꣬Ԥ׵ģһʵ
²ɵˣҲɵˣ
˶һ±Ƶ˹ȥ
˿̵ȴδ촽Ȼ˦ϵƤëԶĵطߵʬҲǿٵήҲգۼĹˣʱɢӰˡ
Բۣ޾ȻڵԵˣ
Ǹڵʱ򣬸ʱ׹ˣԭ֮Ի׷ɱߣǵֻΪ˳ħһеõһЩôóȻǻߵڵˣ
ڸҲ޿ɺǵ飬Ͼ˼ҷôõЩôҲӦõİɣ
û˿ԥ±׼ްѻߵڵ͸ߣ
˭뵽ʱ޾Ȼһڽڵȥ
¿ˣ
ޣϿҹ
һ࣬ȻҲЩżæ޺ȵ
˸޵±˹Ȼæܵ˸ߡ
޸մӻڳӶޱȵȳûܵߵʱ򣬸ɵñ㽫
ζʵЩܲˣ
ܲҲܰ˭˻ߵڵأ˵⻯ɱģûǸ֮ǰսô׸ɵߵģ
׷ɱߣΪ˻ߵڵԼҲܶð
ţ±޵ԴޣϿҰѻߵڵ³
һ⻰±ǻ˻ξ޴ԴȻ˼
һЩŭˣæСҿͲܳȻ⻯ɱû˼ҲװԣڸϽѻߵڵңȻԺõĶΪģ㿴ô
˵ʱ򣬸ѾǿʼĵȰ
˭֪ȴ˿ҲûҪڵ³˼Щİڶӡ
һкǡ⡱һ죬Ϊ֪
СǶԣһҪܳʱģǶϹ޶ԣʵ͸ûɶֻҪԼܵס˵һˣʮҲ
·ģ顣
˻ߵڵ֮ºȼ˻棬ҿƺЩ޷Ƶģ
ȻȻܿٵߵڵȴûа취ƿػߵ
鵽һȻҲ޻˵ˣֻǸæǰȻսռҪһʱ޷ƿĻ϶ֻѾ˼ĵˣȻǲˣռط󣬾ôԣ
ǵԼϴ裡
Ƕôһ䡣
ȻţҪǸŭˣ
ӣ¸ѹûΪߵٶȣԼӵõ
ȻҲʱԵĶռϾǳ֮°ΪҪ֪߿Ǿס˼ģҪ׾ٵ飿
ԣµĸֻӲͷƤˣ
Ȼڸջعͷȥʱ򣬺ײһ˵Ļ̧ͷһǸֻ˭
ٺ٣εЦЦǰð
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ǣȱ𼤶ղҲǿˣǻߵڵѾǱ޸̵ˣҲû취
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ڵһĻҲҪˣ
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ҲҲܣ˵СӣǲҰΪҾͲҶˣŲϾҵֶΣ
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ȵȵȵȣǰ⻰û˵أȰѻ˵𣿡
ĿǸ˵
úúã˵Ӳᣬʲô͸Ͻ˵ɣ˵ʲô㶼޷ֲӵʧ
˵ţ±ɿ˸졣
òסΣϵ·Ȼֿ˵ǰ⻯ߵڵأѾǱ޸Եˣʵòˣ϶Ҳǲܰˣ룬ܲñĶһ

⻰סˣ£ܿ㷴Ӧ˹´һ¸֮Ŀ䵽˸ϱŵҩϣ
ղһֱûϸ۲һ¸ʱϸһ߲ɵбһ
Լ֮Ի׷ɱߣΪ޷ҲڵˣȻҲżֳħ˼ģ
ܵ˵ߵڵԼòˣôβСҪĶأ
СӼȻǴͥģôʣȻŲٵıϱŵҩпҲװͥҩݣĻԼ϶ǿ˵ģ
˵ˣԼ˻ߵڵҲ̫̻ʮֵ鷳߲дڵʶȻȥ޵ıʣٰʣµתΪΪſԣ
Ҫǻͥɲ֮ĶǿɾͲһ˰
ֱӿյİ
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ȻЩֻе뷨ȴ˿ûбֳԴ˿Ȼһŭģ
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£ߺǿ˵ȻȻһŭ飬ĿȴѾˡ
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ڸʲôΪȻҲǾһ˼ǵġ
ҪóĶ̫ˣδ߾ԼںŪʱ߿϶ǸӲưոˣҪóĶ̫ˣû׼߾Լ۸ȻԼһѣ
ϸ룬»ѵİ
˼Ƭ֮ЩͷĿ£óһ
һɲ裡һһֻװ˰Ҷһɲ裡
СӣûиҵһŴɼڵŪң
һЩΪˬ˵һִӸùɲ衣
һ򿪵˲䣬кɵñһΪҲǷˣҶֻǲҶѣһɲ裬ǼƷɲ裡
һɲ϶ǱǻöˣɲⶫֱˮܺˣǱ˰
มȵȣСһ־ôõĶϿ϶ҲǴŸõĶҿɲܱôһСŪסˣҵúݺݵһʲУ
ţֱ㽫еɲӸˣȻ󶪵һߵϣֵвУֵ̫ǮˣߵǲԶˣûĶ
⻹УǺðɣڵȵȣҿʲô
ۼˣȻЩԾܹҲûʲô̫ķӦΪⶼ֮еˣڣбõĶ
ó֮ǰȴһСĵĿ˵ǰó֮ǰҵһ£ϣܻشңȻⶫҲҸ

üͷűæ˰ֵɣʰɣûɶ˵ģ
˵ͷȻʵӦòͥɰɣ
ǣȻˣ
һ⻰ߵʱԴҡĺƲ˹һ㣬æӣƺǺºͥʲôϵƵġ
ĺ棬ʵǰΪʲôȥͥأıҪȥͥĻۿ϶ģʱô簡
һ⻰±ҡҡͷȥͥʲôõģֲûȥʵҲǸӶѣҹػ࣬˽½磬˼Ŀ
ʱ򣬸ʱ˿Ϊ̸ͥͥӦûʲôøеģôҲ˵ԼĶҲڿóˡ
⡭ǡң
Ǹ޴ʱߺǽ
û˵ͷˣ
ҪӦߣһ鷳¶ϾǴ޽ɼһȥͥһĶ϶òˣ¿óĶҲֻɲҾת𵤺Ȫˮˣ
ȻȪˮǲóˣΪȪˮʵ̫ˣ⵹ΪСԼҪǽȪˮóĻ߻ʲôۣ
ϾʵĻԼʵڲĶ֣


495 һ
ȻҲ֮ȴû󵽲˵ĵزϾⶫǲȪˮģ
ղ֮Իʳô⣬޷ֻǵҲͥˣϾҵ·ǲôҪǱ֪ͥĻô鷳ɾʹˣ
ȻѾ֪߲ͥеɣֶͥʮֵᣬôҲͲںʲôˡ
һЦĽУ֪²ҲǽˣǾбҪڸһߡ
Ǻǿڵǰ˵ʵʹЩֶβŸ㵽ģʮֲףҪǽղСĶǰĶ϶Ҳǲóģ˵ҲûʲôˣֻϣǰǧҪ¸֪κˣȻɾҪˣ
һ⻰æ˵ͷģȻǶģұ֤˵ˣ
˿Ϊǽ¸ˡ
ţֶʩһȻǰǼȻûʲôµĻ͸ˣйʵǲǣ
˵⻰±׼ת뿪֮ǰ߶ϵɲҲǼˡ
ôҪˣ
ʱǿˣһоȻһ˿
¸Щ㲻ˣߵǰʲô¶𣿡
ʲô¶
߲ؽе

һ⻰ЩˣеҵҲǸ𣿡
þ˵ˡ
вУһֽҶɲһҡͷ˵㶫ôֵܵϻߵڵأвУ
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ģ⻹ƱƱﰡ
ЩŭȴЩ޿κΣϾߵΪʵǱ̫ˣǾס˼ߣͥҲǺԼ
еŭ˵㻹ôõóĶǾˣ
ʣµľת𵤺ȪˮǾԲóˣ
԰ɣ۾˵ϲǻһЩĶЩΪʲˣ

һ⻰һ㶣Ȼź㿴Լҩ䣬±˹
ԭ˰죬ߴҩⰡ
ҩ򲻸ҽȥˣϾװŵҩҪζģҪǰҩ佻ȥĻôô죿
Ҫ֪ɲǼ򵥵ٻȥץҩµ飬ּģҪǵ˶飬¶˸ĺ壬ô¿ɾ鷳ˣ
ʱԼﲻ˵϶ҲҩʦҲȥģ
飬ɸɲ
ţ±˵ǰʲô¶˵Ψҩ䣬ȴǲܸˣΪװҩģΪ˽һ߲ģµּ⣬ʵ
һ⻰ߵ±˼ĵ˵ͷֵԭˣֲøղ·ʱ򣬶ϻôʬˣ
˵Сɵ˭˵ҪȫҩˣֻҪҩеҩһͺǽҵ⣬ǽ˶⣡
У
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еĺǲֻ֮ǰҩĵʱҩʦͺܵδҩĲôܷһأ
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У
Ǿܾ
֮һأҪ֮һͺã
ǲУ
û˿ĶҡǾܾ
ðɺðɣˣʮ֮һʮ֮һôҸңѾ
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߽˵ʱ򣬸Ǿܾ
ʱ˿̣ȻǷˣȻߺƺҶԼ֣ҪȻ϶Ѿֱҩˣ֤ȷʵǲ˺Լģ
еԭؿ϶ҲǸԼйˣ
ȷ˵ǹŴĽĻôͥ൱ǳ͢൱Ƿּղһˡ
Ȼ൱һ
Ͳܳ͢а͢Ҳûа취һ㶼Ծȥ͢ʲôϵΪҲףǳ͢ҪֵĻô޷ġ
һͺͳ͢ķּղˣҪղĶֲȥᣬΪףֻҪԼֵĻôɾǸ͢սˣ
ȻǲģֲղĶôôأ


496 װ
취˵Ҳܼ򵥣ֻҪⶫԼģղ͸Լģô͢ɾû취ˣ
ҪղԹԵԸԼĶûôװ
ֻȡС
Сӣɱ̫ſ˰±㲻ԣҪҵĻڵõ𣿡
һŭĶԸȵȴƫƫҶԸ֡
֮ǰеǷݾȻʧӰˣرȷ߲ҶԼ֮󣬸¿ҲûʲôƢˡ
˵ûи˵ǻڵģǻɱ𣿲ǣɱģڵҲ޴ӻڳģʲôϵ
ιСӣ㻹Ҷ죬Ųһٰ
˵ţ
ʱҲǻȥˣֱӱѲǰһ죬ȻҲ˵ʲô᲻ˣɴɱˣֻҪɱңôҩҩ϶Ҳˣû㣬ֻҪҶңôͥҲζŹģ
ۣСӾȻô˵ΪҲôҡ
һŭǽţȴҲ˵ˡ
ΪҲǿˣǰСӿ϶Ѿ֪ԼҶˣԲŸĶײ
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ϾͥɣʵǲõΪǵı󣬿ͥ
ҪͥĻôԺӿɾͲùˣһĻҲԼɺܴӰ죬²ټȥˣ
˵ˣĻǰˣҪǾʹ˴ĻʵҲЩ̫ϧ˰ɣ
ţ۾һתƺ뵽ʲô취
ţֻ̾˿Ȼ˵ˣСӣȻǱ㿴ˣôҲͲ˵ʲôˣ߰ɣ
ô㲻ˣҪ⳥ˣ
üͷһ˵
ߵղ˵öԣȻҵߵģɱߵĲң⻯ߵڵȻҲǲˣҪʲô⳥߰ɣ֮ǰҵЩһ߰ɣ
˵ţָָһԵɲҡ
һЩ˼ˣ漴ȻɱģҪ֮ǰûȥĻĻҲܻô׵ɱߣɲҾͲҪˣ͵ǵĲɣˣ
˵⻰ֶŶ߹˹֣Ȼ׼תȥ
˭֪ʱߵӺһȻȻǵ֮ϣĸ˲һҲ֪⵽ô£
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첽ߣ±ǶȻϸĹ۲ߣȻʲôˣֻɫȴǲ԰׵ЩˣҾȻǱȸղŻ˼֡
֣ĵ֢״ѵȻ޷һս
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ֻһۣ±Զ϶֮ԻȫΪԼڵѾҪݽˣڸֱǷ˼飬ʵ޷ţһ޽ɼڵȻݽߣ
ʵ̫˼ˣ
ʵȴİǰˡ
Ҫǲܾ첹Ļ߿ܻΣգ
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˵⵽ô°·Ϊȶģû뵽ȴһ£ȻǲȣǸҪˣ
ȵĻʵЩⲻȥϾȻͥɣĿɶͥЩǸ飬Ȼ֮ǰЩЩⲢܷһһ
ȵĻֻȪˮˣϾ𲹳ĻûʲôȪˮΪˣҪǶʥȪˮĻôԼܺܿҲᱩ¶ˣҪߵʱҪԼֵĻԼָΣ
Ȼǲȣ
鼫Ϊӵ뵽
Ƭ֮󣬸ҧҧæɨƿռһƿȪˮȻ㽫ߵͷȪˮյߵߡ
ʱѾж˴𰸣
ȣ
Ȫˮڣ˲ǻһů˿ССһˮȻޱȺƵɵģеǱޱȣ
֮ǰװεԷԼݽ֮״ΪʵֻǸļҩҪǻһɣ϶ǲˣ⵹˵ԼƭЩɣЩɸͲԼ
ǸһѾǿˣһɣҲΪĳЩ߱Ʒʣһ᳢žԼģ
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ɼСӵôģ
д˿ѾǾȵĲˣΪ˲¶ڣȻǼװš
գۼĹȻǺƿȪˮˣ
ʱҲǲһ˿Ծĵط˵Ȫˮȫɵģݽߵ֢״ӦΪЧĲŶԣԼѾߺƿˣȻûһ˿תļɫҲûʲô仯ʵЩԾ
ƿȪˮǿôأ
Բۣѵ
ʱӿһɲõԤС
ȻţûӦʱ֮ǰǰߺʧˡ

䣬ڸԶĵطȴǴһΪˬʵЦ
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˴˿̣һжѾˣ
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뵽ʱ򣬸۾㶼ҪðˣǲΪƿȪˮΪԼȻǱˣˣ
϶㹻ݵģ
Ȼװƭң
ŭɽҵĿߺ
ٺ٣Ҳƭ㣬Ҫǲ첹ĻܾܿͻǸģˣ
ߺٺһЦ˵
Ǵʱ˿̣ﻹýĻ
ˣʲôҲ˵ˣҲ˰ɣҪˣñˣȻҾ͸ƴ
Ϊŭĺһ䣬Ȼ̤ɨƣűҪȥʵܲΪϲļһˡ
Сӣ߰ʵҲǹģҲҵѴ
Ϊп˵
Ѵ
һ⻰еðһɻͷŵѴôˣ˭˻ûѴˣѵΪͿƭ𣿡
ΪԸⰡҲûţҲûа취鰡ϾѾͥɣ϶ǲЩɢɵѴˣ
˵ţ̾һ䡣
˵û˵ҿɾ˰
ͷػص
żżҺúø˵˵֪Ϊʲôôˣȣ
˵ĹȻǳ˸ɨϣһøǶʱһ飬һ治Լ˰
Ҳܸǲߺǽ
˵ʮ̫ʱ޳ɵԴ޳ɵ֮һֱ˼ǻδȥͥȻּҪ죬ǶˣΪܲͥԼ
ʱ򣬸ʱ̲ס֮ǰǻ˵ȥͥô˵ûȥͥˣ
ţ
ʮһ㶣źǷӦ˹һ˵ʲôʱ˵ȥͥˣСӣ⻰ɲ˵
һ˵ղ˵ģ
𣿡ʮһεͷǰ˰ֵˣʲôҪ¶Ҳ̫ˣҪ˵Щ¶
һ⻰ǰʮһۣȻͲ˵ˡ
ʮ˵Ȼ˿ͥӦþ޵֮˵չޣȴƫƫôһȺˣȻѾ޳ȴƫƫûȥͥǼ˼䣡˱֮ΪɢɣͺñңᣬȻͥҲɢɣЩɢɿǸͥЩɢɲһģͥɢɼûС
ȵȡ㲻˵ûȥͥôֶͥ˽⣿
ʮѻ˵ʱ򣬸ǿʵ
ǳСô°Ͳܲ廰𣿡
Ը⣬ʮɫ˲һ䣬ţȴǺ˸


497 
˵ôܹҰԼ˵©ٳĺòãһ˵Լȥͥһ˵Լûȥǽ˵ĻȴֺǶͥޱȵ˽⡣
Ծǰìܰ
аֹһ䣬˸ƣʾʮ˵ҲǿˣҪǲѻ˵Ļ϶ǲ뿪ģ
ˣ͵°ɣҩʦû
οԼ
ʮ˸һۣźǿڷһ䣬˵ͥˣ˵ЩɢɰӹȻңҲܿưͥɶҲֻҪϼɹܳϣأҪɶҲɵĻ϶Ҫˣ
̣
ʱ򣬸кһȴǳ˸ۣʮ˸ƣ˼ԼлҪ˵
ʮĵ˵ͷŶӿɽҲʲôʰɣ
ȴˣæʮʵɲΪʲô˵ʲôҲɾͻأ

仰ʱʮǼΪĿЦøһʱЩͷˣ˵Լû˵ɲ
ǿһЦʮǲȷˡ
ѵɲ
ãһɻʮֹסЦ⣬ȻСӣ˭˵ģ
ϸһ룬ò㻹û˸߹Լ֪йɳۣ˵ǱʶΪġ
ʵѵ
һʱ䣬һãʮ˹ȥ
ȻûлشʮĻʮȴѾӸϿ˴𰸣ЦЦ֮Ÿ͵ֱڣ㶼֪ɵһôĴڰˣ֮ǰĺô͸㽲ⷽɣҲǱˣ
ţʮ˹ɵĹ¡
νɣʵǳ˷ˡֻصĴڣǷѳɽܣǰֻ֮󣬾ܱ֤
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ʥ֮µдڣϵĲ
νĲʵֻһӻˣɵҲоͷģһɱһֻôڵֻĵˣ
ĵĹʱҲľͷˣ
Ҳ˵ҪţôǾͱͥҩ֮ĶûõЩɣȻֻͨԼˡ
Ȼһɵٶ̣Ҳˣĳ̶ֳ˵ʵҲǡˣ
ɣΪֻͨأȻҲֻܻˣ
ģֻʥһĴˣʵֵز֮󣬴ĳ̶ֳ˵ѾһˣǵͺñһԴȪԴԴϵĲ
ϵĲʵﵽһĻ屻ٻ걻𣬶ϵɱǣֻҪһ˿ڣǱ
һģУģʮߡ
ͥԣǷֲҺɲҩֻҪ̿Ļͥǿ϶Ҳܱ֤ģʮ˼ɢ޿ɾͿƶˡ
ǰ˼ԣʱ򻹺ãͨҲܹͦģµ˼䣬ΪǵȾ˼ʣ޼ˣ˼ɢǴӴҲǹ˿Ƶ
Ȼں֮ǰ͸ԽԼһӡԱйǿҲȥǲеɢ޶ͨȥģ
ͱʮ֮ˣֱߴﵽĿģֻͨɵɲڵֱ֮ӿԱյĶ˵ǴﵽҲ˵ûЩĻôܾܿͻ
Ҳ׷ɱߵҪһˣ
õߵڵͿӳ
ȵʮЩʱ򣬸Ƕһµʶˣ֮ǰһֱΪǲģڿͲ
ԭɣȻҲǻģ
ҵʱ֮ǰʮװƭԼȪˮҲǲôˣϾʮһߣ˼ߴڣ϶Ҳһ¶Ҫ˵Ļ˼˵ǿһʧ
Щ¶֮ʮվȻֶԸ˵СӣӦ˰ɣӦҲǷʲô˰ɣȻĻô۾͸ɢȥɣ
ûУ
˭֪ʱҡҡͷ˵
СӻǲѵղҽЩ¶ȲƿȪˮ𣿡
ʮΪĿŸ˵
⻹ǷˮתղŸ˵׼뿪ʱס˸Ҫһˣ˵ʱ򣬸ȴǲӦˣ˵ʲôô°
Σ㣡
ʱǶʮ˵лƿȪˮ
ʮһһ㶣ȻǸ𣿡
Щ㣬Ǿˣ
˵ţǻ˻еȪˮ
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ʮŵ˵һ˵һԼĶ䡣
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ʮһϲģ˵ǲˣ˭ҲǷ˭
ֽȪˮԼĴռУʮſ˵СӣΪʲôҪأ֪ȪˮĽֻͥľŮܵõôƽ޹ʵ͸ң
ЦЦ㶮õǲٰȻȪˮĳ֪ڿԽԽȥͥˣ
ô˵ʮ±۾һɣȻ˵ҿûȥʲôͥЩǡ˵ġš˵ģ
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ţ±ǳǡ̫ӡιʲôˣΪʲôҪԵ޹ʵĹǣ
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֪֮󣬱Ըة࿪ʼ£ȥģ»ûʲôüĿ֮ģǶÿĺֱߵһΣһ֮ĺȻߴʮ֮ڣ
£Щż˵ⶫĺ֮ڣҪÿ춼ôĻҲЩס
ţ㿪ʼΪ˴æ
ǣææȥģȻûʲôЧÿ컹ǲϵĻкǶʼɣǲʲôϲ͵͵¶ĺ壿ⳡ߲ԸΣ
Ȼ²ҪģҪǸϽ飬ǺȥͥȻһʥּǲһλҽæ¡
ͥİЧǺģʥּ֮󣬶㿪ʼ˽ĵȴڵȴͬʱҲ´ּ⣬ܼӷڶһй֮£쳣Ļʱϱ
£ȻҲ˾̫Ӱҹ⣬ûеõ£ҹԼµϺзԼҹ´һּ⣡
Ϊ쳣֮򣬱ץ˲Ҵǰ


502 ¶֮
Ҳ˵ҹЩϺзԼҹ棬ʵԼ˽
ڶ࣬ÿλ̫ӶԼ˽ڶһΪƽ飬Щ˽ֻӸ̫ӵһʹ
Ϊ֮ˣܼӣȻʱϱλ̫Ӹȴץ֮Ĳˡ
˼֪꣬Сʻ괬ĵϢڶ¶һ¾һļһԲһԼɳȥЩҹ֮С϶ҲܻǶ֡
ʱûץ˵ݾߣĴ£Ȼǲɵˡ
Ϊڶ࣬ûһʱһЩ˻˼ɢǰݻһҲǻһģΪһǺõġ
һɢɣдһ¶֮ˣôֽƷ
˵ȷʵǾһ˼ǵģ
ϧǣԶûпǵԼļӻ᲻ᱳһЩ飬رСĶӣҲǾ̫Ӱҹˣ
ҹǶСĶӣͬʱҲǶΪ谮ĶӣϾǺڿ»ˡˤ˵֡
˵谮Ӧһ£ǰҹȴǲãΪĸǰһСӶԴ˿ҲĻᣡ
ļ磬ںСʱѾʦҲΪպյԼأѾǧ˰ˣȴǱһСԴš
ҹٵʱ򣬾ѾʼѰŻĸ֤ÿζ⣬ֱ飡
ڰҹֱǧѷĻᣬֻҪԼץ¶֮ˣôĸһٰСԴˣʱû׼
Եǰҹ˵ǰһ޿ܾڶ¶֮˵ʱ򣬰ҹ¾ǱļΪ˷
⻹̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡣
ȻѾ֪ǰ˿ܲһǴʱ˿̵̣סأ
ֽеĹһӣҹ±Ǵһȡҵı
ţûãмֻϺзһǹ˹
̫үıˣ
ۿǼֻϺзѾǱѹĴˣһԵ˸æСĵѵ
ҹŤͷһǺһ˿Ц⣬ȻһǸǹֱӷʱ򣬰ҹŵĽסˣ
̫ү֣
һ˵±ֿ
̫ӵıµԽԽˣ
һϺҲǲ˵
ǵȻˣļλ̫Уۼ̫үΪˣ


һʱ䣬ΧϺзǺǿ˰ҹ⻰ڶУðҹһƮƮȻĸо
ԶģһĻʱ򣬺ЩӦˡ
Ϊ̫ԶûЩϺзǵ˵ЩʲôֻǿЩϺзȻ̫ӡǹģֱͺ񡭡
ͺһĶ̫һ
ϸĻһȷʵϢҲ˵ıȷʵһģҴ˴ǶԶĺ׾Ƕˣ˶ļλ̫֮⣬ƺû˸ˣ
ⲻ԰
ⲻѧ
Ķ̫ӣôΪʲôҪ赲ǰȶղأ
¸˵ͨ
ʵ벻ף
ιˣȻҶ¶кҶ飬־ܣ
ʱԶĶԷȴǴһźعһ㿴̫ѾǼƷ˾Զĵط
ôܣѵǶ̫𣿡
ʱ˿̣ҩʦֱɵˣôҲû뵽֮ǰ͵ϮԼľȻⶫ̫ү
ֱ޷ԼּǰΪģⶫ̫ӲæˣȻץ⵽ǰʲôİ
ҩʦľҲεҡҡͷΪȷһ£ǿʵιⶫ̫𣿡
ҹһ⻰±ǼΪЦȻԸ˵û̫ӾǶ̫ӰҹҲ
ҹȻаҹȻаҹ
ǰλ̫ӱԼֵʱ򣬸̿ĿЦôҲû뵽ⶫ̫ӵ־Ȼô⣡
ҹ



503 
ۿŸȻǳЦԼ֣ҹ±ɫһ䣬û뵽ǰһȻôķ
ˣҶ¶кҶĺ壬ղžȻɱ˱̫µļҹ棬ǳЦ̫ӵ֣̫ӾǲŹǵģɣ
ҹŭһȻеǹ׼˹
ȵȡȵȵȣ
ۿŰҹǹ׼˹±Ǹæ˸ͣ˵ò˵ҹһЩԺ
ҹ΢΢һ㶣վǹҲǷȻôҪ𣿡
ǲǣˣЦҡҡͷֻǶղ˵Ļܺѣٶ֮ǰҲȸǽһ°ɣ
ͣʲôý͵ģ˵ڶµĶ
ҹŭ˵
¡¶ôܣ϶ˣǲʲôˣڶ¶
û˵һԵҩʦȴǺ˵ȻæǴޱϷƺ׼ɵҹǰúýһ
һбһ˵û˵أֱӹȥҴ
ҩʦԼߵʱ򣬸æһסҩʦȻȱżȥһδػǵĻǵһɣ
ҩʦһֿ˿ǰİҹֻһɵı飬ƺûԼĻ
ʣԼҪȥĻ϶ǻᱻǰҹץסģʱⲻһƤ֮ˡ
ţҩʦǳŸ˵ͷȻȥ
ʱҹЦҩʦǵ̫Сأ¶˻Լ¶ģڲҲûϵȻ᱾̫ץ֮ʹЩֶΣȻҲˣ
ˣԭһдⶼֻһѡ
ⳡ߲пǱ˶һֱԽģԼҩʦȻǱ¶֮ˣ˸ղŷ⵵¡
εҡҡſǰİҹ˵ˣԭǰǵڶ¶֮ˣҹ͵ϮǵĶ԰ɣ
ҹ̫Ӳǰǵ¶֮ˣʮֿ϶Ǿ¶֮ˣ
Ҳʺӿ۵е
ЩεĿ˿ҹűƾʲôô϶أ
ҹȻҲ˺ɢǰһǹģ͵͵ģһ˺ɢԶȥĺȤرǸһȻҶȥĺЦ˵ǲ¶֮˻˭
ҹ˵ţҩʦ˹ȥ
⻰ʱҲЩ֪˵ʲôҩʦЩʬЦ⵽ô£
ҩʦ⻰ҲһһȻı飬ȻԸ͵˵ûҵʱȷʵǷЦˣΪһЩЦģЩȶкܴİˣ
ԭ
ĵ˵ͷȻţҲǲλ̫Ӱҹ˷ʱˣΪⲢûʲôãϽȻ˶лȻͥأ
Ͼͥ黹ûæأ
ţһĿҹ˵̫ǰɣˣȷʵʲôˣҲڶ¶ˣǡǡ෴Ƿ۵ּ⣬ǰȶģǶɣʲôɢɣҲʲôˣ𣿡
ȶ
⻰ʱ򣬰ҹһ㶣Ϊ֮ǰĸ׶ȷʵּͥһλͥҽµģѵ˾Ǵͥҽ
ţҹ±ǳϺз֮ǰ·ǵĹͥλҽĻһݸ̫ӣ
һԸȥЩϺз±ǿʼæȻûãƵĻ񱻵ݵ˰ҹϡ
ҹһźЦȻֽеĻݸߵһֻҹȥⶫøǿǻôƱ磡
ղ͵Ϯҩʦʱҹмֵܶ޸ɱˣҹڸȻҲǼΪ£Ը⿿ǣӵĻֲܲջֻӲͷƤˡ
ۿһֻҹżֽһĶ˹ҲЩҲ֪ⰽҹʲôС
⡭Ҽ̫үҽǵĶ㡭Űɣ
޻ԶʱҹôҲԸ⿿ˣǻ˻еĻ˵


504 
ۼˣһԵҩʦæǰȻǼŻ˹ȥ
սӹʱҹǿٵת뿪ˣ·ʲôƵģóȷʵµ
֮ǰҩʦҹĹﻹЩµģΪʱ֪⵽ʲôȴǲôˣΪɣҹֵͼĺʲôµģ
رǿҹֻӣȻһ˿ˡ
еĻչһ֮ҩʦüͷţȻһֵˡ
ĺ棬±Ǹæߴٵҩʦôˣ
û£
ҩʦһЦȻŽеĻݸ˸
ӹһֻȻŻ񣬶һеȻλɷǵߣÿŻ滹ע
ȵ٢ʱ䡣
ʱ򣬸ΪʲôҩʦͻȻôˡ
ֻ֪ȵ٢ʱ䣬ҽȴ֪ҩʦҲһλҽ
ιһڻʲô˵
ʱԶİҹǺĿȴǱЩ
˿еĻ񣬸ʱװҹʲô˼ˣ
ԭⶫ˼һֻ֪ȵ٢ʱˣȴû֪ҩʦȷʵΪӭͥҽĵ׼ģϧǣ׼ȴΪҩʦ׼ģ
ܹ˭أ

ҩʦ̾˿ǰһȻŰҹ˵̫ӣͥҽǲñģλҽΪˣϻֻñˣ
װװʱ㻹װһѵĻǲϵģ
ҩʦĻҹͲţű׼ˡ
ûʲôƢˣ˵˼ôԶĴͥΪľǶ͵ϮȻǳ裬⵽ʲô¶
ţ±ǳŰҹȵҹڲ˵ˣ˵Ҳף㻹ǸϽгɣǸ˵
ҹһ⻰ǶһǹȻҸʣôȹزУ
˰ɣ˰֣ν˵̫ˣ˵㣡
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һ⻰ҹ±ǼΪŭݺݵĿһﵱ̫ˣ֮ǰǳЦ̫ӵ֣˵ӱ̫ӣ̫ӽǵúúýѵѵ㲻ɣ
⻹治㣬ҪǲŵĻ۾ʹİɣ
һЦ˵
ҹǶľ̫ӣΪ壬ǿ̶ȵĻôû˿Ըȼ磬շҲŲ裬ϧǣһʵûʲôʵս顣
ӰҹղŰڳǼƾͿԿóˡ
ԶڰҹʵûʲôµģҲҪˣϻŲٵıģԸһ̫ӻʱ´ˣ
⻰Ǽ˰ҹеĿ֮±ǶŸȵľͶģѵ̫ӻҪʲô
ЦЦܼ򵥣һȻӮҪ˵ĻĸԸı׽סȻ㴦ҪӮأ
Ӯ㲻лӮģ
ҹһЦ˵óԼƺģ
˰ֵ˵̫һƫƫӮأҪˣָô죿
ãȻôеĻô̫Ӿɣ̫Ҫ˵ĻͰΪʦ
ҹǰ˵
Ϊʦ
һ⻰Щⰽҹ챦֮Ķעģ˭뵽ȻˡΪʦѺ
Уô붼ԼȽϳԿ
㲻ܸһɣ֮壬˵Ҳһɣıȴֻһ˶ѣǲܴùģǸͲҪ֣۸ʥֻּҪʥּóĻȻҲˣ
ڸ׼ڵʱһԵҩʦһżĶԸ˵ȻֱҪеʥּó
ۼˣæֹҩʦȻҡҡͷʾȲҪʥּó
һҩʦǺЩôˣֻҪʥּóĻǾͿԡ
֪
ҩʦѻ˵꣬ǴҩʦĻ
ţһ֣صĿҩʦ˵ҩʦʲôɣɵȶɣ㱾ӦܵкغͻӭڵĲ¼ɺ裬̵ȥ̵ȥҲ̲ȥ̫ӣᶨˣ


505 з󽫾
˸Ļҩʦͷһ
˵ûּɵɣӦܵжغͻӭڵĲ¼ɺ裡
̵ȥ
ǲ޷ԩ裬û취ΪҽĵһʹϾȥ飡
ǡ
΢΢Ťͷһ۵ıǰҹһĿЦǧֻһĳŪ
ҩʦģ»ĻǿԻġ
ţҩʦǿʵȷҪô𣿡
΢΢һЦ֪ҩʦѾͨˣæİɣȻⶫ̫Ӳ򵥣Ҳǳصģ¾ûģ͵ſϷɣ
⻰ҩʦ֪϶ڿЦˣһ룬ֻһͨ˵Ļôô򵥵ľͳΪͥأһһɣ
ʲôıأϾɱһķ˿飿
˵ˣ޿ϹޣΪǱⰽҹˣڵĻʲôµģ
뵽ʱҩʦе±ƽ࣬Ȼ
ʱԶİҹѾǱЩͷߴٵιιι㵽׺ûУ˾͸Ͻʼɣ
΢΢һЦȻǽ֮УȻ˵׼ˣڿʼɣ
ã
⻰ҹҲ˷ܵĺһ䣬Ȼ׼˽
һȡһȡƽ
ʱԶͷϣһ
£ǸЩ˹ȥԶİҹҲһ˹ȥû뵽Ȼ˸ʱܡ
ϸ˵Ļ⻹ǰҹһʽĺͱ˴ˣ
ҹԴʼֱڣһֱڶ֮еģ˶֮⣬Ψһȥĵطͥˣ
Ϊ̫ӣҹȻҲޱȵⶫ֮У˸ܵģļλֳÿҲֻǷһ¶ѣҹڴҲûʲôȤˣΪʤʼնԼʱԼûأԷ͵ˣʲô˼
һΣȴȫһˣΪǰһ֮ˣҿӣҲǺģ˶ǾԲģҪģЧ
˭뵽ۿԼҪˣȻǱ˸ˣ
˭˭˵Ͻ̫ӹ
ҹΪغ
ţϵϺзǺһɧȻûãֻһֻ˶ޱȵзǷȻ˰ҹߣ
һеľһֻз
ΣȻǿһСˣԷУ˵ֻз϶һļһӦڰҹµľˣ
ȴǿЩˣֻǣôзҪзҵĻǵöζ
ţǾȻпˮ
Ҳһ˲Ĺˣ±Ǹæ˲Լ̧ͣͷʱȴԶİҹʹзһ㵵˹
һЦ˼ֻǴûԡԣûôзһʱЩʧ̬ˣ
˵Żǲ˲ǵĿˮ
һĻǿзЩļɶļһȻǰԼһĺ˰
з󽫾ʲôϽ˵ɣ⻹æأ
ع֮󣬰ҹһͷĿߵĴз˵
ԭзһзǰҹµһԱ󽫣ΪзĹϵ˳з󽫾
з󽫾⻰æ˵̫үܾȻĻһģ
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⻰ʱ򣬰ҹ±Щŭǰз󽫾˵ʲô̫⻹ûأ䱾̫Ҫˣ㵽ǰʲôİ
ۿŰҹǷ˻з󽫾±ǺϢŭϢŭ̫үϢŭС⻹лû˵أȵСİѻ˵̫֮ү⵽ôˣ
ˣл˵ƨţ
⻹ûأûɵĺǱԼ˸ˣҹ鵱͸ˣҪ֪ǰз󽫾ʲô˵ˣҹһŰȥˡ
ˣҲûʲôƢˡ
ڰҹַӦз󽫾ҲѾϰˣֻſ˵̫ү븽
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з󽫾СĶ԰ҹ˵̫үҪ˴ܵĻҲԣǧҪţǧǸ򣡡
ţΪʲôһͷѵ̫ӻ
ҹǲм˵ûаѸµ޷
з󽫾һ⻰Щżæ̫үþӶԲֻ֪޵СûĻֻ޾Ǵ˵еޣҿΪȻǴﵽ˴ɼҪĻ̫ү϶İ
ȵз󽫾˵⻰ʱ򣬰ҹһ㵵˹ȥ
ǿԷΪû⣬Դ򿴵һ֮ʱҹĿⶼǷϣֻҹûô⣬ֻһֻͨĹˣ
Ǻз󽫾˵⻰ҹ֪ԭֻﲢһһֻϹޣϹ޵ΪȻǴﵽ˴ɵΪȻҪ࣡
һֵ¶ǰģ˱ģȴƫƫǱߵˣȻǱ˻Ҫ
ôһֻϹأ
ҹ벻ףʵҲ£Ϊ¸ûʲôϵںֻµ׸ô죡
֮ǰΪ֪µϹеޣܵʱﲻﰽҹҲûô⣬ϾʵҲʲô˵顣
ǵڣɾһ¶ˣ
Ϊ޵ΪȻǱҪĶˣĲ˵˵ֻ޵ĻδشùˣҪǶԷ޺Ļ϶Ҫˣ
У޸ҴܣȻҿûʲôʤĻ˰
Ƭ̼Ĺ򣬰ҹȻ¶˾ġ
ţˣ⻰ʵЩÿڰϾ֮ǰҲû˵Էİ⻰Ҫ˵ĻδöԷΪԼˣ
С²Լڣ
ţҹĿһԵз󽫾˹ȥ
Ƭ֮з󽫾˹ȥ
ûʱ򣬺ǿԶǸޱϵ˾ȻǿԼ̿ˮ
ģʵ̫˰һ￴Լôٿһֻʰ
Ȼ֪һﵽǺηʥǼȻܰϹշļһһ
ҪԼһע⣬û׼Ļᱻһ
ʣµ飬з󽫾Ѿǲˡ
ţҲǲٿˣ׼˵ˣҲǼ仰飬˵ҲˣҪǿ̫Ļû׼ͻᷢʲôõأ
ţз󽫾ɤӣȻ󿪿ڵţǶ̫µз󽫾쵽мҪģҡ
з𣿡
ʱͻȻûɵ˵ôһ仰
з󽫾΢΢һ㶣ƺ벻׶ԷôͻȻʳôһ仰ǵ˵ͷǰ
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Һá
һڣз󽫾ǷӦ˹Ȼæס죬ţǲɵú
㡭ʲô
з󽫾һµ˵
ȴһЦĶǰз󽫾˵ҾˣȻҪǴӮ˵ĻҲҪʲôʦˣܳһзͳɣĻˮģֻǸԵĶԣ
㡭㡭㲻Ҫ̫ɲһзǾ̫µĵɽ裡
˵Żз󽫾˼
Щվˣ֪Լᱻ˵һζļȶţҲǲˣ
ǺԣҲЩˣ
ȿȣ
ʱԶĵطȴǴ͵Ŀ
з󽫾ÿҲ֪϶Ǿ̫Ͻˣ
Ǻз󽫾һƽһ½ŵȻſǰĸ˵ղŸҼ̫үĵʱǲ˵Ҽ̫үܵģ
ĺ棬֪⻰ʲô˼ǵ˵ͷû
ôҲ˵Ȼ϶һ˺Ҽ̫үˣ
з󽫾ʵ
ԽЩͿ±ǰ˰ֵˣʲôֱ˵ɣҪôĨǵˣҿûʲôһֻзˣ
ۼˣз󽫾ҲͲôˣֱӿ˵Ҽ̫үܵʱ򣬲ޣȻһˣҼ̫үƽ
⻰ʱ򣬸ЦղֻзǸҹ˵ʲôڿ˵޷Ǿ޵ˣ
û˿ԥ±˵û⣬㱣֤Ҹ̫үܵʱһޣ


506 ֹ
⻰з󽫾±һϲ¶϶ûô׽ģϾ֮ǰǴĵʱҲû˵ﰡ
ִҪ޺;̫ӴܵĻ̫Ҳ޻˵ģ
˭뵽ԷȻɵľʹӦ
֮з󽫾ϲ̵ҹȥˣ׼߰ҹ
ôܴӦأ
ʱҩʦǸæ˸ߣһżĶŸ˵
Ҫ֪֮ԻӦͰҹܣΪģҪû޵ĻĻʲôʤ㣿
ҩʦղһܻľ
ҩʦΪżʣȴ΢΢һЦȻҩʦ͵ſɣǲģ
Ҳ㣬û޵ĻķжҪôһ򣿡
ҩʦҡҡͷ˵
һ⻰Ц˭˵û޾Ͳܷˣ
ҩʦһ㶣ź˸ƣæֵȻҲ԰УҪǴĻܲİ

̾˿ȻװһĿҩʦ˵ĲƣһбķӿԷұ޺Ҫˣ
ʲô
⻰ҩʦǺû뵽Ȼı£
شҩʦĻǶ˵ſɣ
ţ͵һԾһӱԾ˰֮УȻ˲ĹϺǷһ⣬ɢֻ֮Ϻǳһͭɫսף
ͭɫս׳ֵһɲǣȻӵзеˣ
͸սף˵ĹҲǳ˸󣬾ͱҲǸŷֵģ
ҪͰҹĵʱʵûд޺ͰҹˣΪ޵ĻЩʽʩչģʱ򼴱ʤˣҲֻʤˣԼʤˣ
ʤδҲ̫û˼Щ
ҹıԴ֮ˣս֮󣬷Ҳߵ״̬˵ǿ̶ȣʵǲģ
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ҪƴģȻҲΪˣ
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˵кܶأ
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սȻȴҲǿԳʱʹõģΪʹõĹУἫܺڵڸ˵ȴʲôˣ
ŸһռڵȪˮǺԼȻ£һůӿ˸塣
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ڿͲô°ǸеĲֻ޶ѣ
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ޣҩʦ
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ļһԲܻͥϵɵģ
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ײһ˲䣬ͷ͵һ𣬸о򶼱ЩҹұҲ΢΢
û˿ԥ˵±ַֿˡ
ǰŸأ˺ǿٵײ
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ҸҲ֪Ⲣǰҹʵҹʵǻ壬ʹʵҲҪǿֹ
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ֱڣ˾ŵû壬Ҫȥѧˣ
ֻǰ鹦ڰ˾ȷʵǶźܸߵҪģϸ룬˾֮ʱȻǼˣŮﲹ֮ʱһ߲ʯͳ˲ˣڼʱѧ˾
Ҳǲ򵥣ĸ۵ӣΪһ˼ķ˰˰ɵꯣְ֮ΪʦҪ˵Ļ꯿ǸѪԵϵģѧ˾ȻҲ֮еˣ
ߣͨԳˣһҲ൱Ĳ򵥣ؼĴ֮һڳǧ꣬Ȼѧ˰˾
ĿǰΪֹʶĻʹð˾ˣҪôǳ˴˵ġҪôѪġҪôеĴϻ֮ˣϸĻԼòĸҲմ߰
ҲֲѧˣֻܵԺǿһЩѧѧˣ
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һǸ̵ıˣ
ಣ
һ죬Լٶҹ˹ȥ
ţҹͣȻһŵԼա
ġġͬʱһ󵭵ζ
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ȻѪˡ
ǧ߰꣬һѪ
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֪Ǹˣ
ǣ޷ʵκ˶Լ飡
໣
䣬һ쳹ء


507 צ
ֻһǱһȻ԰ҹ׼û뵽һȴô磡
һ˵Ӧյɱ
ôôʹˣ
ѵΪԼղһ
һòҲûô˵ҲǻƤѣõô
ҹǶľ̫ӣʵɶԶڰҹҲǳֽѵһ°ˣ˺Ͼɲ߸̫ӣҹҲ簽
Ҫ֪ҹıһǻͼڣɱĻɻ̫ˣ
ʼգֻǱŽѵһ°ҹ̬򶷵ģܹһЩҪĲλ˭뵽ҹһͽܲˣ
Żͷһʱ㱻һ̵ֻһ֮ڶ
ͬʱϵЩϺзʱҲǱһôҲû뵽Լ̫үȻôĻ
ǵȻѾǿʱˣΪ֪̫үҪˣ
һ֮ǰҹʱɵЩƻЩϺзʱ㾪ֲˡ
ںУҪǲϽսĻʱǿ϶ǻģ
ţз󽫾±ǶϺзǺλ̫үҪˣҲܰﵽ̫үʲôæпܻΪ׸һ˿ɣ
̫үûǲ߰
һϺ˵
԰û̫үǲҶ
һ˵
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ʣڵŸİȫ

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񻰴˵еʵѾǼˣȻ˵Ĳǹľ
ʵǣľǱȰҹצĶˣӵеȻҲǸΪǿ
Ҫ֪ΪеĹϵҲֻǻһ˶ͷѣȻҲ;񣬵ȴûеƣ
һְءΨҶƣ
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Ҫ֪˿ǿڶмĵطԲһӰûУĻᵣĻᱻ˿أ
Դ˿̣Ҳ˼ˣ
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ˣµ㻹ҿڳԣɣ
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˸Ļ֮֮кǴһǽţƺʲôֵɱɱһҲ֪ΪҲ֪ǰûɱǼȻ㲻˺ôǻѡһЩİ취ɣ
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ϾĿĿΪȶǸɵһλ̫ӣ
ţҹȻǳ嵽ǰˡ
û˿ԥ±ǾѾû˷â֮ȥ

ͷײһ˲䣬ȻǴһײ
Ȼţе֮кǵ˳ȥ˶֮У


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쵰ǲŹģ
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˫΢΢ҹԴ±Ǳ

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ѾƬЩԼ֮ǰ뷨ˣΪ˿̵Ȼ˻ƣҿڰҹϵģ
ͬΪ壬϶ǲ˰ҹϵϢľٶ
һĻôҹеΣˣϾҪ֪ûʶĴڣһҪǰѰҹڵô죿
뵽ʱ򣬸±һΪ֪⻹Ǽпܻᷢ飬ҪȥĻⰽҹû׼ͻıˣ


509 ǰ֮
ǴĲԼҪΪȶģΪɵһλ̫ӵģ
ţ±׼ɿҹǽţֺ뵽ɿҹ֮ǰǱȻشһ⣡
Ǻ±Ǻȵҹ㣬ǲҪǷ˵Ļ͹Թ䣬ȻҾͷſ㣬ҪǲĻǾͺȥɣ
ҹһ⻰¸ϿŵǴ޳ܵˣȻʹɵֶ͵ȡҵҸ㣬ֻҪ˺ҵĻôҵĸ׶ǾԲŹģ
ҹ˵⻰ŵģϾ¶Ѿǰ֮ˣ
˵ڶڶУһλа̫үǶĵӣֳ̫ӣ
鷢ʱӦڷ֮ս֮ǰʱ˼ڿɲһҲǿ˽·ȥ˼ģⶫ̫ӣһϲ˼ɡ
˵λ̫һΪŰļһ˼Ҳ޶аŮŰյ鶼Ǽҳ㷹ˡ
Ȼ̫˼ȴû˸鷳ԭֻΪ̫ǶĶӣɣһķҺԿ
ǣһСôˣ
СȻ߸ˣ
˵δ֮ʱڳܱģ⣬ǶˣԴĳ̶ֳ˵ͶҲھˣ
Ҫ˵ķˣҲһŮӣһŮ˴඼ʮ»̥֮Ӥģˣȴ㻳̥꣡
ҺʱҲɵۣΪĲǺӣһΪǲ֮Ե±ǽһˣ
û뵽֮ȴǴĳһޣޣȻҲ߸ˣ
߸ϲϰ䣬ǰ̫Ϊʦ̫˵෨֮ʱѾһ˲õˣ
һ߸ںϷ˶̫ӰŰ˼䣬߸ⰽ׶񣬵±ͦĺǰʹ˷ɱ
⻹̫֮꣬߸Ȼڵ
֪֮ȻǲȻŭìͷ׼߸ĸ֮˷ˡ绽׼ˮͳأ
ˣΪƽϢķŭҪɱ߸˭֪ʱ߸ȴŭ𣬲֣ԼǽԼɱˣ⻹ĸ޹ǻ
߸ʦ̫ҲһλͨɣźͺҶ߸߸ˡ
»֮߸ĵһ¾ȥҶˣˮ׽ȻǿһСߣöɨأȴƫƫ޿κΣ
ѵ˶֮߸ȥˣ׼ȥ޹֮ʱһӣ߸Ķ֣
ؼʱ̣Ů˵ͣȻִ͸һ籦߸ֹ߸
߸еĺ⣬ѵֻһ籦赲˵
֪ʵҲûɶȤֻǣҪĲСⰽҹĻ߸᲻Ҳϣ
Ȼ޹Ǹˣ϶ûԼֵģǿ϶ǵһˣ
߸ˣʦ̫˰æԼҪˣָ˭أָǸɨʦ
˰ɣɱ֮⣬òʦҲʲô¶ˣḴˣ
ԼµҲǺ͵߸ͬʱ߸ӦֻһӣҲһ߰ˣָ֮ͥҲܲţԼͥɣû׼Ҫ˵Ļǿɾˣ
¶ô붼еİ
໣
䣬һΪʹ
±øعǽţһȻεЦ
˵Լ⵽ô°ֻûһƲ¶أԼȻһӾ뵽֮пܻᷢЩ飡
Ҫ֪Լʼնûɱⶫ̫ӰҹģֻŽѵһ¶ѣ
ֻҪԼˣôԼȻҲ̫Ϊˣ
ţǵͷһֻϵѾǿʼ˳Ҫˣ
˶ţǴȵ˵ҹ¶㵽ûаֻҪԼˣҾͻ㣬Ҳܵʲô˺ˣֲĻôҲû취ˣʱҪ˿ɱҰ
ڸҹʵҲһıȽǿĸˣһǰ϶ַſڵģ˶ηҲûܵʲôίûб
ҲΪˣ飬ҹ϶Խˣ
Ҳһȱ㣬Ȼʱ᲻һصʱ̣Ƕ־ģ
ϾֶǻŸΪҪɣ
ֻлȥˣӮԼ̤ϣϾ׵ıԷɵˣǵûˣҲûˣ
ʵе̫˰
ҹĻӦû뵽һġ
տʼʱ򣬰ҹ̬ȻǼΪǿӲģʿɱ뷨û䣬ǽûãķɿţкǱЩֻ
Ϊ֪ҪһֱȥĻԼĻģ
ȻȻԸ䣬ȴҲԸȥ
ΪȥĻʵ̫ˣ
ԸսϱɱҲԸһɣ
ţҹ±Ǻˣ䡢ˣϿſҰɣ
һ⻰±˿ⰽҹĻҲǴſģĻⳡս϶ͻûʱ϶ôһȻˣôҲʹⳡսǽˣԼҲʤˣ
ڸ⻹һȫİ취
Ǻԥ˫ֱ㽫ˣȻһæģ
˿̵絴ȻЩѹƲסȡ˰ҹ̫Ѿˣ
һ֮ǰģкһľɣȰҹʮҪڶֵĻôҪˣ
УԲڶţ±׼ѾС˵ջռ䣬ϾռطﻯĻ϶ûʲôˡ

ʱҹǺһ䡣
ͷôʱ䣬ҹЩ޷ˣ
˰ҹĻ±ЦţҲûôԥıӰҹͷϾҹѾˣҲνˣ
ӰҹͷԾ֮ҲǺ任˷߷˹
֮󣬰ҹ±˿ȻԼղ˲ٵܵ˵ûʲôΣյģֻҪڼ˶þͻָģ
ȻţҹǿһԵĸһ˲Ĺ򣬰ҹкðһŭ⡣
ôҲû뵽ԼȻᱻһ˸ˣ
֮ǰòƽģҲǱĿ
ûãеĿתΪ˱һʱ䣬ҹƺѾԼղѾˣ
ۿԼҪջˣкһΪȻԶĵطȻһɰӿҾȻǱģ
Ťͷһֻ۵ģһ޴Ľɫβ
һ±ǿһԵİҹŭҹҿңҡ
û˵ʱ򣬸ȻǱǾ޴βɨˣȻţǺһڵһ˶׵Ԩ֮У
ҲŸ˹ȥǾһ˲ĹȴǺһֻ˶Ľɫצץסˣ
ץסģǰҹ
źһڵһĸҹ̫ӵĳŵֻʿԵģˣõŽʲôŵסˣ㣬Ǳ̫ӣ
˵Щ֮󣬰ҹϸĴеϸϸĽɫôҲ벻۵ĽɫղžȻǻôԼѲˣǲҪԼ
⵽Ǹʲô
ҹɻ󣬵±ǽееǰ׼ϸĹ۲һ¡
໣
ʱҹеͻȻһ֮ҹе±ǳһȻ޴צһʱ˳צķ϶ȥ
µķ򣬾Ȼ֮ǰȥĵط
˿̣ҹѾϾڹ˼ʲôɫˣȫǱɫղ֮𺳵ˣ
֮ȻСϸĻǰҹǿԿ϶ȷʵĺ
ҡԲܻһԷģ
е̺Ȼĸ׶Ҫǿ
ǡôأ
֮Ǵһλǰзģôҹܻʵǣ֮ȴǴһɫзģô޷ˡ
ǡı壬Ҳһλǰ


510 
һ뵽ҹʱľѣ׼ȷһ뷨ʱŷǽؽɫѾûӰ
˵϶Ҳǵ䵽ǺԨȥˣ
û˿ԥҹ±ǰβԨ˹ȥҪǲĻʵǷŲ£
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ʱԶԨУ͵رһ춯ذܺˮ谭ֱӱ㴫˰ҹĶУðҹӲıֹס˲ӣ
ţԶԨкðݣˮҲǺĹ·ʲô޹ֽҪһ㣡
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Ϊղŵ뷨ҹҲǲµ˼֣ʼջ޷ȷʵһʱҲ֪ôźãֻǵԨеĴڳˣ
޾ĺԨƺڶһ㣬˸оһĪĿ־壬㰽ҹѶⶫָƣĪЩ־
־ĲԨǽҪԨĶ
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һŭԨеĹ¶ıĿֻһۣҹʱ㱻Ըˣ
һ˶ͷһһͷǺһצͷɢһɺ֮𾪵ǣͷʵ̫̫ˣа˰ɳͷǰֱͺһ㣡
㵽˭
ҹ૵˵ȻǱǰĳ𾪵ˡ
ţĿһȻǾͷ˹ȥ㱼䣬񿴼ǾͷվһʲôƵģ

ϸһҹкһΪ˲Ǳˣ֮ǰ򶷵Ǹˣ
⡭⵽ô£
һʱ䣬ҹͻȻЩΪ֪е嶼Ǹ֮߰δҲˣǾԲһԼͷ­֮ϵģ˵ʵģһ޴裡
ȻΪĻȻҲˣǰģǿ˵ģ
һķӻɢɣʸ嵱
Ȼ֮ǰ˵Բ֮ǰޣӦɸղŵһؽɫ仯ģҲ˵ı
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ˣʹһɢź֮ľ仯ıأ
ҹֻ֪Ǳǰĳȫ𾪵ˡ
Ȼʱ˿̣𾪵ĲֹǰҹǾͷϵĸҲǱ𾪵ˡ
֮ǰҹһβɨԨʱ򣬸ȻûʲôˣȴǱļΪŭʵû뵽ⰽҹȻ
ǽţȴһ㶣ΪȻԨӦ֮У
оȣΪղ֮еĵطŲٵľİôӦ֮أ
еǷݸӦȴǲģԸ±ǼԨзȥȻû㿴֮У
˿̵֮УȴѾ֮ǰ޽ˣǻָ֮ǰģ
ʱ򣬸ŻȻ˵֮еıأҲһֱ˵ģ֮пı仯Լأ̩ɽںëѣ
ںеĻȻԽԽˣ
ظղŲС뺣еʱ֮дҲ뵽㣬űСˣ֮ԼͰҹ֮ʱִ˺еˮŽ֮Ҳ˹
ͨ㣬űĻȻȻæһץס֮С
֮еһ˲䣬֮ΪŭڸԺ
㣬Ҫ֮ǰô˵ĻҲˣ
ȻҲǼΪˬˣҪ˵ˣǸϽǸһȥɣģҿĲ
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˵⻰Ϸ˹ȥ
ǽţһ㶣ΪԶģȻʱѾǺ֮ǰһˣ
ֻǱļΪ׳½ۼĳ֣ͬʱȻҲƻһŤӡ
һ㰵һˣȻҪˣ
Ҳûôԥ±˹ȥ׼ռʱ򣬺ͣ
֮ǰҹһϺз̬ȣãԼǲ̫ʴЩ
ҪðҹһϺз֪ԼⲻõĻ𣿰ҹȻҲ壬ôܱȵ̫ʣȻʱֻһͷ­ѣضԸҹһϺзҲǹˣ
°ҹ
ţǷ˽ռ뷨Ǿһԣȴ
ȵϰĵأиһЩѷ֮ĶЩѷһ㶼ǼΪ޴ģǧɵҲʤ
˿ڵĺԨһԼɵĺѷ죡
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ûãһȻǻһ˶ͷˣ
û˿ԥ±Ծ˾ͷȻָͷ˹ȥ
ʱͽȻһȻ±תͷȥţͻȻǰһĻʱӦˡ
ֻʱ˿̣һԾĲ֮ȥ֮ȻµĽɫȻⲢʱˣȴѾǰѸ𾪵Ըˣ
Ϊʵ̫ʵˣ֪ԭĻпܻ⵱ģ
ûãԨͷɢˣʱҲѾǻһľ
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βһڣ˲ںԨнһУ϶ȥҲ֪ʲôӰ죬Ǵ˿̣ѾϾڹ˼Щˡ
ΪԶģȻǿҹӰˣ˿̵İҹҲǱŵòᣬڲԶĵطҲ֪Щʲô
ʱ˿̣ľǰҹ͵ʮ౶Ҫ󣬸ľҹֱͺһСһ㣬ﻹʲô˼ɣ
ȥúýѵѵ
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ʱ˿̣ȻѾǻ˱ϹʣȴûκʶģȻɸƵˣ
໣
һľһХȻ͵ҹ˹
ۼˣҹŷӦ˹Ȼ±źȥ
˵Ƕ̫ӣǺеİǶԷ϶ҲǲȥˣϾͬΪ壬ģԷ϶Ҳǻˣ
붫̫Ҫ򶷵Ļпܻвģ԰ҹ뽫ȥ
ۿŰҹȻź˹ȥҲǸæ߶µľȥ
ڸͰҹں򶷵ʱ򣬺ҲѾǷ˾޴ı仯֮ǰ氽ҹǰЩϺзǴ˿Ҳһ״̬
ᣬɲ޸ɵģʼնҩʦڿзߣûйǣʵҲûʲôЩϺзˣĵģֻںкͰҹ򶷵ĸѡ
ȷе˵ĻЩϺзİˣǰҹ
֮ǰҹ͸ˮд򶷵ʱȻǵһһԼûʲô̫ķӦҪ֪׵һУʵҲϵһֺЧӦˡ
ҹľںаһβ֮ϱһˣҹľںŤһӣ֮ϱảˮӿ
һͨ˿̵ĶѾû֮ǰƽľȻһӿģˣ
ЩϺзȻѾ֮ǰսҪ֪Ͱҹںд򶷵ʱҲڲͣĻսģЩϺзܵ˸Ͱҹսսġ
һʱ䣬Ϻǿһ˽һ˵ϮҲǺ޹ɵţ㱾Ǻ壬ЩϺзʱҲЩԲˣûãһľͱðˣ֮ǰҹ˵ͷҲǷ˰׶ǣ
̫ү̫үҪ˰
з󽫾һ߽ڴĶϣһ̲ס˵
֪ĻղžӦȰ̫үҪ֣ȻϽϱŶ԰ôأǱ߿϶ҲѾ֪ˣ¿鷳ˣ
ǲλ̫׻ģΪһ˿Ļܴ鷳ʱû׼ۻ˽Ի£ǲġ
ǲǼλ̫үȴδػˣλ̫ӣǾԲˣ
̫ӿǶӰƽˤˡڿ»ˣôأ
ʱЩȻǻᱻˣԻûп̫ү
ԩô˵ҲһССĳ˾ֵĺѣʲôܹܵõ̫ү


511 µӰ
Ƕ϶ǲⷬ͵ģΪп϶Ҳ֮ⷬôĿģֻΪ˸ԼҸ̨¶ѣ
ԳͷЩϺзʱ򣬴Ҳ̫أҲǰһٰӡһٱӰˣ
з󽫾ҲѾϰˣÿζ׵ĶһЩͨϺзûɶϵҲô⣡
ԣοǸǰһ
ǰ̫үʱֻͼģҲڶڼ°ˣǳ̫鷳أ
ǰĶз󽫾ĶҪˣ
⵵£ʱҲһˣҪ̫үǸ˸ץסĻû׼Ὣأ
ţз󽫾кЩԼ̫үץסǸˡ
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ʱˮ¾ȻǴһ˲з󽫾һȴЦֻԼ̫үѾץסǸˣأ
ǽţз󽫾͵رɫΪãղŵƺЩ֣Լ̫үģ
ôأ˿ʱ̣Լ̫ү֮⣬ʲô˿Իأ
أ
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̫үǸ˸̫үĶ֣
ǻ˵̫үǶĶӣõצܸһˣ
̫ү䣡

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ǣΨôȴǻЩ˾ǰз󽫾ڵˣ
ȻϺзҹµı飬⼸λȴǿװףֻһۣǱ֪εս̫ӲûӮЩֻʵˮС
Щ⣬Ϊ̫үıõצĺаʵ޷⣬ʲôܹþ̫㺦µģ
ͬʱڼҹֵһ˲䣬ޱϵҩʦкҲһƺҲΪǸˣ
ҩʦµȴǲˣֻһת˹ȥҩʦ΢΢һ㶣ҲǸæ˹ȥ
ͻأģֻ֮£ǳһ޴Ӱ
ΪĹϵҩʦӰľģΨһ֪ǣӰ˾һһһȰҹҪʮֹļһ
źǸӰ֣һϢҲǺ˿Ϣ˲з󽫾ԼһϺз⡣
ʶĵͷһз󽫾ʱ㱻һֻ֪ʱԼµĺоȻǳһޱȾ޴ӰӰڿٵıţԼٶȳ档
ʣӰ̫үֻ뺣еԭˣ
̫үԵļһһССз󽫾Եģ
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ʱϺзҲͻȻ˺еӰȻţǱüΪϺзҪǳ棬ޱȵ֡
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з󽫾ԴЩκġ㲻ǰ״ʱͻأı㴫һȻЩ죬ͺ֮ǰƵģ
з󽫾΢΢һ㶣±תȥţǱ𾪵˵ˣΪ˿̳ǰˣȻ֮ǰ̫ү򶷵Ǹˣ
ֻ˴˿ڲԶĵطһЦĿǰԶĵطȻ֧޴ֵĺǽһĶ׸ˡ
£з󽫾ЩˣΪİȣǲʹˡ
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Ҳ֮еˣз󽫾ͺڷ˵һ߶ǰߣһַĵľη
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иӿǸ뷨з󽫾ʱ㱻һΪȷһ£ǰľ޽˹ȥ
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ѽȻһǣҲ˵ԼȻһԴ
֮ǰڼǰԾ޽ǣԼĪǧ׵ĸ߿֮Уз󽫾˹
ԭԼĪǧ׵ĸ߿֮еģǱһԴģ
ѽһǾͱȰҹצ廹Ҫж󰡣
ʱ˿̣з󽫾ֱҪɵˣ
Ȼ𾪵ǣƺȻǰ֧ƵģȻܶھͷ֮ϣ
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ܲˣ
һз󽫾һԿ񱼶ȥűǵȥ
еһ˲䣬з󽫾һȻ㿴˿̳ǰģȷȷʵʵһ޴צ
ֻһС̽ˮ棬ˣ֮Ѿ嵽ˣ˶ĿתͻȻֵĽ˹۽ǲ˼ɫ
棬ޱȵİ
Ҵʱ˿̣ҹҲֵ̬ģǳԼ˰ɵ壬ǰֱͺһСһ㣬γǿҵĶԱȣ
໣
䣬µľһŭ춯ءֱ
ڶдĶ
ʵϸղŸͰҹںд֮ʱѾǸоˣȴûô⣬Ϊǰҹ̰滯ˣѾʲôϡˣÿһΣԶûô⡣
ֱ֮ʱʶ¸ûôļ򵥣ΪԲǰҹԷģҲУΨ֮ſ
뵽ʱ򣬶ԥæǻһ˳ȥ
ǲôںʲôֻ֮ںԼӵİΣһ뵽ҹ첻µزµԸ񣬶бԽӽ
˵һο϶Ǵˣ
һǾ˶Ҳ˲侪˺ϵϺзͬǣЩϺзȴû֮ǰǰҵģǸæԶеıȻʼŸµľ
ʣǳı֣
Դˣҹȴûһ˿˼Ϊ֪Ⲣܹǣʵϱ˵ЩϺзˣ˿ҲЩ̲סҪǰȥˣ
־ᶨûôɴ˿ɼϵѹǺεȵǿˣ


512 
ھ̽ˮʱȻǲ˸Ϣû˿ԥ޵±ǴҩʦԴϷ˹ȥ
һ˲䣬ҩʦжʱҲǾ㵲ѣΪʵ̫ˣѾԽ֪ڱܵʹ£±׼Զû뵽ǣûڣ޾ȻѾ˹ȥ
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513 غʥ˵
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ţʱ򣬰кһΪʱкһЩ飬һЩغʥ˵顣
֮սʱ֣Ϊ죬ƲɵҪͷ֮ʱ̫ʾһԼɵĽɫסеľ죬˰ƻǵ硣
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ԭˣллҽˣҽԽҶ֮м
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ţĿһȻҩʦߵĸ˹ȥлô֪λǺأ


514 
鱦һĵӣͥеɣһղǰ˵ݵǲ򵥰ԽӺ
ۼ𣬸ŶŰ㹰˹֣Ȼ˵Сиͥεֵմ񣬱ҽɹȹɵģ˵ҩʦҪ½ǰСɱԸµһǰˣҲǰҩʦˣҪ֣
һ⻰ȴЦԭεֵմ񰡣֮ǰ˵ֵͥմˣȴδһҲǱˣ
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ҹҲһ򰽹˹ȥ׼˵Щʲôʱ򣬺ֻȵӣ£

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֮ǰĶԼԼ˵ĻҪݸΪʦˣ˵ֻԼʱһϷԣԼ֮ǰںеʱѾڹһˣٷڵĻôԼδ棿
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갡籾԰
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515 ʦ
䣬µĳʱͱЩ
ԾȻǵˣôҲ벻ףôԼСӸղŻһ޲ɱ˶ԷģôһͿͷʦˣ
꣬ô°
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һ⻰±˹ҹ϶˵֮ǰˮ͵ϮԼˡ
ţȴǸæ˰ֵûû£ղǴβ㣬ղҲֻӮ㣬ϸ˵ĻҲǿ汾Ӯ㣬Ȼǲ˰
㵱˼֣ԼĶӺ͸֮ǰйʲôԼ֮ĶȻ˵һҪӮ˵һΪʦδҲЩ̫Ϸ˰ɣ
Ϊȷ뷨㵱±ĵߵҩʦߣȻʵҽ⵽ô°
ʼգҩʦҲһΪҲû뵽ⰽҹȻôҪ֪˵Ҳһɣ֣ʵΪȴǵ׵ף˵ΪŲٵľأʦİˣʲôɽ̸ģ
ҩʦεЦЦȻ㽫Ͱҹĵ˵һ飬⻰֮󣬰˼ĵ˵ͷ
ǽţǶŰҹǳ˶֮ͥɺͳֱǶҶ棬Ͽ
һ⻰±˵ⰽ㻹Ǽʱ갡Լ취ѰҹأͿˣȻ°ҹԼΪʦ֮˶
Ҳ˸ˣΪһ鷳ˣʵǲʲôͽܣΪһͽܣͱҪڶ֮ǰСӻãԬİ˾Խ̣ⰽҹȴûʲô̵ˡ
˵Ҳհҹͽܵģ
Ǻ㻰䣬±Ǹæӵûû̫㿴㸸˵Ķ԰ʵҸûʲôµģֱڻֻǷ֮ΪʦҲûʲôɽ̸İҪôˣпܻ˶಻ð
֮ⷬ󣬰ҹǲĵĿ˸һۣȻ򰽹㿴˹ȥʮ־Ȼ˵ʣǺ֮ǰµĳŵζҪŵ㲻ǽ̹ӺҪһŵǧ𣿻㲻Ҫ赲
⻰üͷһ壬Ȼ󿪿ڵ⻰˵ĵûǡ
Ȱѻ˵꣬ȴѾ˿ˣΪ֪ⰽΪȻһΪˣôԼĶӰһΪʦأҪǴȥĻǱЦ˰
ȻⰽҹЩִǻ嶯ģҲʲô£ֻҪһپͺˣ
ˣȻҹЩۣƺҪСϼ꣬Ҫ֪ҹ붼ǧˣĻԼ˶㲻ϣҲֻСˡ
Ȼʱ϶ǲССˣ׼ĳĸҹ˵ϼƴǵĻʱһԵİǰѸղû˵Ļ˵ˡ
ǡҪʦĻҲݰ֮ǰѧǶȥˣǰʦĵط𣿡
˵ʱ򣬰ȻһЦҹ˹ȥ
£ǰҹЩˣһԵҩʦҲЩزˣڸȴѾĿɿڴˣ
ʧʧˣô֪ģһʲôǳͿ϶ǲʲôµģ
£̲ס
һ˲Ĺ򣬰ҹȻǷӦ˹ˣֻһ˼Ŀ򰽹ʵʣ˵⻰ʲô˼װ
㡭
׼ҹһʱһԵĸȴǺһӲ˰ҹͰ֮䣬ȻһĿҹ˵㸸ʵ˼أ˵ҪΪʦĻǾԲеģ㻹İɣҡ
ˣñȰѻ˵𣿡
ȸѻ˵꣬ĸļȻһƵĶԸ˵
ȻʱźϵڸôŶйıϢ˼Ҷô˵ˣòԼҲɰ
Ͼ˼ҵĵؽ磬ⰽ˼ҵĶӡ
ţ±ȻŶһ䣬Ȼ˵ҩʦߡ
ǰ־һĳҩʦ±ЩЦСԸ˵ⰽҹΪʦⶫҲֵ֧ˣ
ΪĿҩʦһۣȻصôУֲǲ֪ҵı£ҵһɷҲᣬʲôܽģͽ鷳ˣҿɲ鷳¶
ҩʦ⻰ֻЦЦ˵ˡ
ʱǿˡ
ֻڵصİҹ˵ɵӣҪʦʵȻҲ֧ģʦɲһС¶ҪǾôİ˼Ϊʦ˼ϲÿҶҲǲÿ
⻰ҹ±ǼΪϲغʣͬˣ
ɷһԾŶ˵ĻζǲıģҹȻʱһЩȴҲǶģ˾ˣԸķԼŵԣζҪ顣
Բֻһô򵥵ģֻһˣΪʲôΪͥɡΪʲôԲٿǰĽɫأ
˵һˣһҲδؿ飬ϣ϶δ֪ܵģ
ԼĸʶķӦԿóˣҪ֪ĸɶһӵԷֻһ˻߼ɵĻô϶ǲӦģ
ȴǼҪԼʦҹɵӣ±˹
Բֻһ򵥵ķ˻ɣΪʦĻԼǾԳԲ˿ģ
ţҹǼᶨԼҪʦľġ
Űҹһϲģ㵱±ЦΪʦȻͬģ⻹֮ǰĳŵôȥһŵԵأȻҪǴȥĻ˸ôǶҪʦԣȴӦȻһúΪһʦᣡ
ʦ᣿
һ⻰±Щͷ׼˵Щʲôʱ򣬰Ȼ˹
һƵĿŸ˵ˣôΣ
ҡ
лʣԣȻٰʦɣ
׼˵ʱһԵİҹȴǺֺĻ
ţƺ˸ĴڣһЦĽҹȻȻˣϿ콫λӭ
⻰ҹ¸æǵ˵ͷȻתŸҩʦݵλˣ룡
һָճڣֻǰĺкǸֳһ޴ǱȸղҪ̫ˣ˵ĻһľҲʮ׳ʮϰٶذˣǰȴ׳ǧأӦҲǺз󽫾һľˣҸҲˣȻǵҪ˵Ĺˡ
ž͸ղŰʦһ·ԼĿڿ⻰ȴЩ˵ˣΪ£Ҳ˸ƣҪ˵ЩʲôĻе㲻̫ʰ
ε̾˿ŵ˵ͷȻҩʦһȥԵȻҲǽĸΪİͰҹȻǰͷ
ʱһһޣѾȵվˡ
ʱ֮ǰЩ氽ҹһǰϺзҲǶ˹˰죬ԭͥɰһ뵽ʱЩϺзǱǾ岻ѣΪҪ֪֮ǰǸ߰ҹһðλ˵ģҲ֪ص֮󽫻Ĵ
֮УµȻǵһҹˣϾЩϺзȻҲðλˣҲֻڿͷռռ˰ˣ˵һëû˵Щҹ治һ
ǷǵǺλ˴ˣһеһλ˸ק䵽ˮУ
ҪĹĻһҹ涼ˣ
뵽ʱһҹʱǱŵɪɪ
衭
ʱֻһţе˲еϺз˸顣
Ϊ֪Ǽϵ̫ү׼ˣ
û˿ԥЩϺз˲ǿʼζէһЩҲѣϸ֮£ȴһĳˣϺзںζţٵԼĶ顣
ûãֻղŻЩҲѵϺзǺųУڵԶԶİΧһ㣡
衭
һȻǰϺз˺ƿ·һ㣬ʱµҲǶ
һԵİҹСĵĶԸѵʦСЩҪȥˣ
ǳһ£ȻһȻĿҹ˵˵̫ү㻹Ұɣôʦͥô࣬㻹˰ʦɣ
ҹҡҡͷȻһȻ˵ɷһŵǧвĵ˵ʲôҶҪΪʦ
⻰ʱһΣ


516 ȫİ취

һĻǡҲǱһԵİʱİ㣬ȴǶһ˿ɫ
ƽĶֻۣһ˻˵һͨ˵ĻͲðҹΪʦ°ҹ֮ǰʲôŵҲ뷽跨Ĳðҹʦģ
Ǻԣ֮ǰԼĲ²⿴Բܻһʮа˾ž鱦ĵˣϾȷʵ鱦еģ鱦һĵӣôܵõ鱦һıأ
ڸղʵǷտʼʱҲЩɻ󣬵ûȻˣڣӦþΪй¶ľٶˡ
Ȼ֪⵽ΪʲôҲʮϵĲ׷ˣΪ֪ʥ˵飬ɲһԴġ
⻰˵ˣȻҩʦ֮ǰѾӦԭ°ҹҲ׷£ǰȴЩĲ£ⲻһһһҪĳµĻָô죿
ڰ㿴ðҹݸΪʦһȫİ취ˣ
һֻҪҹ˸Ϊʦô¾ҲǹȥˣԲ˵ҹѾͽˣѵܺɣ
ҩʦӦҲвˣϾҩʦҲˣΪһСȥԼͽܵ飿
ȻǰԼˡ
ͥȻϺ޲һľ󣬵˶ĿóʵֻһѣıȴǼӿ
ȻǶͥĸУȴһҶһƮɢ
ͥˣ㲢Ÿ֮飬ʵµֵλͻ⣬УֻҪܱ֤µֵλȨͲˣ
֮ͥϴ֮࣬һССĶҲȥʲô飬簲ȵԼһĶֵˡ
鲢ģȻͥȴǺı˽ȥеķգֻ;Щ£
ȻͥеɶвоͰλʥˣҲ̫ϾԪʼ鱦ˣ
ڰܶͥⳡİ취ȻǼλʥһλӪˣϾ֮ͥеȻȴû漰ʥ˵ӵĳ̶ȣΪҲףʲô¶ֻҪʥ˲㣬ôɾûʲô¶ˡ
ֻҪλʥһλӪʲôµģ
⻰Ȼ˵ףǰȴ̫ˣΪʥ˵Ӫʲô˾ͿԼģ
֮һ̫ϾֻǳͽһûʲôȤȥݼΣÿ͸¶뷨֮ʱ̫ϾǻۣҲ˹Ҳͷˡ
ڵڶλԪʼȴԶˣԭֻΪԪʼ۵ʦİԪʼΪʦĻôǺͬˣ
飬ȻҲǲҸɵģ
ôΨһʣµģȻ鱦ˣڰ㿴鱦֮ʱͽּǡнࡱҲ˵ҲáħҲգֻҪİʦôұ㡣
ʣ鱦ӦþпܻԼʥˡ
ǡ
ϣõģʵȴǲпģļΰݼ⣬鱦ĻᶼûУʲôʦˣ
գ㻹Ƿ뷨޿κεļͥС
ΪԼ϶Ҳûлʥˣ˭֪ƫƫôɣԼСӰҹȴĸʥ˴˹ϵ
鱦ĵӣֻҪҹΪʦĻôǾ鱦ͽˣ
ͽȻͽãҲǲˣֻҪԼٺ͸£һ¹ϵ»ˮɵô
ֻҪͥϵ֪鱦ͽͽõȥЩһ
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ðҹݸΪʦѾǰ϶ˣ»ܵȣսپУȻ˭ֻ֪ʲôԣ
ţ㵱±ǲɫĶһԵһ֣˻⣬˲˹
үкηԸ
˺ǹĶŰݵ
СϿٶȻصȻ֪ͨλ̫ӸϿ콫һ£˵Ȼ᱾ҪдãסˣһҪõݻЩһҪ죬ȥ֮ʱеһжҪ׵𣿡
⻰ȻЩ⣬ǸæӦүģСˣСϾȥ
˵⻰ǳ˵±һ˦βͣȻٵʧ֮ˡ
ԭⳤ˲ͬˣΪеٶȼ죬һֱǵڴְλ
ۿ˵ӰȻʧ˺ڰ֮У㵱Ц
֮У࣬Ҹҩʦǵһ⺣£ı㱻⺣µ쾰ɫסˣֹһᣬΪߵ⣬һ˿ˣʱԶĵطȴǺȻֱ߳˹
Ҳһ˲ĹˣΧǱޱϸһƣŷԭνʵֻĻᷢСɵĶѡ
ľ˲˸ȤţǾЩϧΪµʵʺϴŷһۿˣǲɣ˿ߵģȴֻмүˣ
Ҳ֪˶ãԶĵطǳһˮ¹˵ȻǶˣ
ֻһۣȴЩΪԶģ㿴ȻæµӰĴſϺĴϲ
һĻ˲ҲһԵҩʦЩˣΪһʱ伸ÿ춼ĺⱾӦһĵ飬ΪҹȻҲģô£
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ҩʦ׼ѯһʱһԵĸȴѾˡ
һĿŲԶĶҹʵǲʲôϲ¶
ڸµ棬ֱͺǽһģէ֮£ΪǶĳλ̫׼أ
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⻰һڣ˶ʱסˣ˭Ҳûϵ֮ǰں˵İʦᣬȻȻĽˣ
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¿ǳ׵±ˣ
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ôĸʲôʦ᣿ⲻǿӵ
뵽±ǿǰЦ˵˵ǲʲôᰡòơ
ģģģģ
û˵ֻ꣬ⶫȴǴĻȻĪ˵Щ
£ԴͻȻתˣһƵĿ򰽹˵㶮ʲô
ζĿ˸һۣȻֵλһ·ۣȥԡһȻΣ
⻰˵ʱ򣬰ǶŸգգۡ
꣬ʲô˼
ڰľٶȫĲˣʱǰ͵һ֮ǰһӰеںԺС
һװӰӰһθٲĳʱǸ˵ĻȻǺⰽ˵ĻһģһǸٲȥ̰źõķ֮ʱıһ鱦ˣ
뵽ʱ򣬸кһⶫòǻҰɣ⵽ͼʲôأѵͼĶΪͽҲ̫˰ɣ˿ҵʵô˰ҹʦ
ڸЩԾʱ򣬺ʱҩʦȴ
ֻȻˣô˵ɣȥԡ£Ȼ飡
ãҩʦһ仰Ѿǰ˾Դ˸Ҳǲ˵ЩʲôˣԡʲôģνҩʦͲͬˣϾղűҹ뺣еʱҩʦϿ˲ٵۺȳ֮ȷʵҲǸúúõϴϴˡ
ۿҩʦѾӦû˵ʲô±΢΢һЦȻλ룡
˵䣬Ȼ䵽˺ˡ



517 Ů
ûжĻ֮һ޵±ڵķȥˡ
ٽʱ򣬸Ƿ֣ԭⶫҲŽɴڵģɵҲСˣδԶıܵһѹ֮
ʱҲͻȻ֣һ߹ֻҩʦӶѣϺзԼҹµļλ󽫾ʵʵڲԶĵطȺţ˿Ҳҿһ
ƺûʸⶫˣ
ۿžҪ붫֮ʱȴ뵽ʲôȻæӻСƣȻֱݸ˸ҩʦλˣͨıҪ֮ֻҪͨУǸλһСɣλ£
ͨıҪ֮ôҲ˵ֻҪⶫĻôǿ߶ˣ
ĺöвҪĵæ˵ı˹һԵҩʦҲˡ
ţǿޣкһô޸ˣ
ۿžҪˣ޿ζҴȥˣϾ֮ǰ԰黹ĿȻ޿ΪʵǸףΪڵԵʣһҪǲߵĻ˭֪ɳʲô¶
Ѿǹˣǲǳʲô鷳˰
ţ±Ǹæ˹ȥһ˲Ĺ޾ѾǱսռˡ
ȻڸռһɲǣкҲһΪȻȻƲһϢ͵ػͷһȴպÿ˸˹ȥţ޺ʧˣȻ֮ǰǹϢҲʧˡ
Ϊһľ磬ῪԼһ磬Ȼڸ˵ƺе̫˰ɣڵΪ˵ǾԲܻӵԼһģ
ǸղһĻȴǾԲģȷǽ޸սһУʲôռ֮Ķ㰽㻹ǼΪȷģ
ô⵽ôأΪʲôıأ
Ǻ뵽
һ룬΢΢һЦȻ˲뵽鱦
ͿͿһλʥʦʲôɴСֵأ
εҡҡͷ˹ȥۼˣҲǸæȥ
ȻҪߵſڵʱȻ˽ɵ赲Ϊ֮ǰСƣҩʦǳͨĴ˹ڰҹȻǲҪô鷳ˣϾⶫļңɶȻЧˡ
֮󣬸˺ǱüΪû뵽ⶫȻںףȴںеģȻǺһ޶
Ȼµĸ״̬ˮк½ϲ𲢲Ǻܴ󣬵ǸǾˮеĸоǶã㣬ˡ
ⶫȻǶľǿǸûʣ֮ԯҵĹҪֹҲ걬ԯҵĹĸһп
ЩһȻһĶǮ˰ҪǲݺݵĿһʵĻԼֱĲ̰
氽±ŮӭøΪȵǣЩŮȻ˵ģȻˣȴ֪ǿ϶һķˣضҲǺΪΪĺ仯ġ
ͬʱҲ˿ΪһȺ˵ĺ壬ܱ֮ǰЩ˰ļһҪõöɣϸ֮£ֻЩŮǳõҲǲҲĿˡ
μμ̫ӣ
ԶģŮǰȥ
˵ͷָŸҩʦ˵ţλ۴ͥǶˣȥźλԡ°ɣλкҪǶҪǣ𣿡
ūˣ
£һӦ
ʵ˵ղŸŮʱ򣬱ûʲô˼ģҲֻǱ͵ĿģⶫһڣЩˣΪ⻰ôЩֵİ
ʲôвλкҪǶҪǣ
꣬±뵽һЩٶ˵ĳ档
Ȼ֮ǰû飬ǹⷽȴҲ֪һЩģͥ˵Ůһƽ飬ֻҪǸԸ⣬ܴӶҪϼŮ
ǸʼջЩ޷飬ȻɿЩͥŮ;ͺƷһĿ㽻ףڸͲô°Ҳġ˰
˵һƷͻ߽ףʵ޷ܡ
ȻȻǰŮ࣬ǺͺһСлЩִΪǱʲôһ˵ӣǱʶܻǵһ˶Դģ
ֻǼ򵥵ķһҲˣҲ͵һˣ¿ƺô°ЩŮĿģԲӦֻǼ򵥵ķ̶ѣ
ʵ˵ҲˣŮ˵Ķǿ϶ǼٵģĶĶҪµĻǵúúõ˼˼ˣ
⵹ΪĹ涨ʵͥлŮһֱǲôֵģֹͥģֻɺͷ֮䷢ϵɺ֮䷢ϵ
ڵҵĳЩоͼ˫ֻ֮Ҫͥǲ˷ϵҲһֻ۱һֻ۵ġ
ǰЩŮ϶Ҳǲ˵ķ֮ˣ
ˣǸж黹ǼΪִģһѾŮˣĻⱲӾ׼һˣʵǲԲƵ¶
ȻǳЩŮˣҪ֪ЩŮȻ˵ģõҲˮɰǹȴֻ࣬һµҲˣҪʲô¶ĻҲûֵġ
ţ±ǸæŰ˰ֵ˲ˣԡ飬ԼͿˣҲҪʲô˷̣Ͳͷˣ
һ⻰ֻǸ⼸Ů⣬ҪõϾ֮ǰҲû飬±Ǹæ˵ͷȻŸ˵Ȼ˵Ļô˰ɣЩŮѾˣҲþ뿪ȫȥźҽɣ
˵ţһԵҩʦ˹ȥ
ҩʦ׽ܵĶˣô˵±һɻ˹ĲҪ𣿡
ģͱˣյȫհɣ
ЦŶҩʦ˵
ȻԼϽ飬ȴǿˣϾÿ˵뷨ǲͬģǿá
ۼˣҩʦҲͲܾˡ
λɣԺټ
΢΢һЦ˸ƣŮǸæǰ·
ҩʦŰ㱧˱ȭȻ뿪ˡ
ȵӰ׵ʧǰ֮󣬰ϵЦʧˣţһۡ
һԵİҹĺ棬æʣʲôˣ
ûʲôûʲô˰֣漴ſ˵¿ĸԸˣȥĸһŮ˺úôһȻ͵ֵմķȥ
ǼŮˣ
ҹһ㶣źǷӦ˹Ȼ±һ˼˵ʣŮ˲׼С檵ôҪˣ𣿡
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Ȼ֮ĸıˮȴǾʵ̫ΣˣΪ֪ⶫʼնĵ̣ҪһĶĳЩ飬ôĸ϶ҲǲôģǵǸʱÿǻ᳹׵ıٵˡ
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˵ⶫָĴӦָˣ


527 ʦͽ
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Ͼǰĸʱǿû顣
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ˮһ⻰е±ЩԾȻˮµ˵⻰ʲô˼˼˲ȥͥ˻𣿡

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ԥֱ㽫Ŵ˿
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ȵȡޣޣ
һ뵽±һ㵵Ļͷ˹ȥ˲۵ģȻǾ޴ԴһԴѾǰſڸռһˣҲΪʲôˮûһֵģˣ
ޣ쵰Ͻ߿
û˿ԥ±Ƕ޵ȵĩ˻š
ۿŸȻԴԼ޵±ǰһȻŴͷɥ뿪ˡ
ˮεЦЦֵղŵǱ̫ˣֻǳһ㣬ʵ˺ǵģ
ǻһתȻ˵ӭҵ磡
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֮ǰһʱķչµռ䣬ѾǷ˺ܴı仯֮ǰ˺ܴĲ죬ʱռ䣬²ȫǻˣǱһƬݵظˡ
ЩȻĹˣΪ֮ǰע⵽ռ£ԸŽһǾռһƬݵغɭֳ
Щ˵ʵʲô£˸ʲô鶼°빦ģҲݵɭֶҲǲ̫鷳ģ붼Ǵӹɽġ
֮ǰǴƬطΪͷƵԼصʹõģΪ˰ˮãȴǰչʾˡ
ʱ˿̣ˮȴǱǰƬ𾪵ԸӵĵزˣҲһߵĸֱ˳ȥ
ˮ߳ӵʱ򣬸ҲǸ˳ǰŸʱ򣬸ȴתķ˹ȥ
֮ǰһսռ䣬ҲֻͼѣҲûʲô飬ʱ뵽Լ¿ڶҪǱ˷ֵĻû׼ҪʲôˣԵ£ǽӸ˻ȥ
һ˲Ĺ򣬸ղŻǰ˲ʧˣʱڣ֮ǰڴСеŮҲһɵۣȻЩ˼۾
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⼫һĻ±ЩŮǷӦˡ
ôҲ벻ף⵽ô£
ȻҲǲȥˣҪǵֻˮöѡ
Ƭɭ֮УŴδĿŴδйĸܣˮõ±Щˮеķζǲ֪ʱˡ
ľ磬һǰδģ֪ԭϣľ
ˮµһʢʻЦδԼһľ
ǰеһУѾǳ׵ĵ߸ǵ֪ˣ
ҲʱˮºǴһ飬Ȼ͵ת˹ȥȻʵˣҡ⾿
һ˲Ҳǽˮˮ龪˹£Ҳһ㵵˹
żشˮµ⣬ǿˮһۣȻ˵ǶҵݻЩ˽⣬Ȼ˵Ļôһȸǽһҵݰɣ
ݣѵͥ𣿡
һԵˮ̲סʵ
ЦЦ˵ĶԣȷʵͥɣεȷҲǴͥģҲһɣּӷеɣڵݣǰ˰ҲΪ뿪֮󣬿Իصĵطֻͥѣ
˵ţһЦˮ˹ȥ


534 ҷ
ˡ˼䣿
˸˵Ļ֮ˮõԺе±ðʡ
֮УΪ㷺ĲǹͥԼǵĴ˵ǹ˼ֹ£ΪͥĵطȴǸΪӽ˼ģ
˼̬ȿǲͥ˼ǰˡ
ڶкӡУ˼ֱͺħһ㣬ǿž޴ֹĴÿȥ֮ʱضƵĺȥЩ³ȻΪвˡ
Ȼˣⶫ塢ڣԴҲ޿κΣԭֻΪŮͥԼıӻǾٲʡٷŭأ
ڶ岻ֻҼÿ춼µĺˣⶫȴǰȻ
ˣⶫ˼䣬ҲûʲôõӡˣȻܶʲô飬Ƕĺ壬˼඼ǻкġ
ȻЩȴǸˮûʲô̫ĹϵˣΪˮֻŮҪֻǷĸ淢ʲô飬ȴǲҪˡ
ҲǸٲʲôģΪǸû߳ĸĹⶫˣ
е飬ҲǴ곤һЩŮǿе֪ģˣˮö˼ӡҲǼΪ
ԵȻǰ˰ʱ±ǼΪԾ
ˮһ㵵ģЦΪˮõķӦ֮еġ
ţǿ˵ҵݣҪʱʱ̵̿ĴͥȻԸĻҲǿһֱͥģ˼ҲҵҴʱ仹Ǵ˼ģ
˵ŻЦȻһ˼Ŀˮ˵֪ʲô˼𣿡
ʱ˿̣ˮɵҲ׸˼ˣ
ո˵ΪݵԣǲҪһֱͥģʱ仹Ǵ˼ģҲ˵뿪ⶫ֮󣬸ȥĵطֻͥһ˼ˣ
ǰطҲǶڸһ磬ⷽȲͥķΧҲڶ˼ķΧ
Ȼܴȥͥ˼ȴǾȥˣ¾ǲȥ˼䣬ⷽҲٺòˣڶУǿǿٱֹˣ
ԭһʼûдҪãһеһеģֻԼĶѣ
ţˮõһȻæˢˢŸȥ
ȴһ仰Ҳ˵ˣֻ̧ͷһмĿŸˮҲǼΪĵЦ
˻ֵˣ˵ɣ
һڣˮǹԹԵվȻһԵȺŸķ䡣
һ֮ǰԼõľٶҲа㿪ڣ͸½׵Ļô϶Ҳǲᵽһˣ
ˮǰⲽӣȻվӣǰˮõ뿪֮ʱҲһ뿪ʱҵȻͥǵסＸˣҲģʱһ취ȥһΪǵľס֮Ҵͥص˼֮ǳ֮ס˼Ǽסǿľͺˣ
˸Ļˮµ±һ˵ˣʵô鷳ģֻҪܴߣūǾͺܿˣ
һԵˮҲǸæûûֻҪһֱˣﶼԣ
ʱһֱƤ໰ˮȴЩĬɫҲǵͨ죬ΪղֵľˣһƹˮĵģݺݵĴһ
˵ˣȻпܻᱻһˮȴǼΪΪϾҪ뿪ⶫˣҲᱻ˵Ȧˡ
б˿ĵ𣿼ıˣôˮҲǺԹԵġ
뵽ʱˮ鵱±̧ͷһ̧ͷǿҲԼϿ˹
Ŀ֮ʱˮɫǺ
ԥһ֮ˮ鵱±С˵ˣղŵū澴ˣôūūҲˣֻҪū߾ͳɣ
ˮģ֮ǰķӦԽӾЩЦǰһ˵˵Ŀģô㶼ˣ
ˮ黹δ𻰣ԱߵˮˮȴǰЩżǵЩĸĻˮʲôĴ
£ˮ¸æֵˣˮС£ԸղŲƵľٶˡɣ
ˮҲæ˵ûĹˮһΰɣ˷ҪĻôū澺ͽһɣ
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⻰һڣˮõɫЩѿΪǲ֪׻ĴҪ֪ɣĴˣ
һЩĻܻҪǵСβأ
ţǰһӰȻûˮ÷Ӧʱ򣬺žžž졣
ˮõҲǲԼͬľȻҵĻعͷȥԼĶڲ
ʱǳǵǰһĿԼЦʣղŵ죬ȻǸɵˡ
Ϊղ˵飬ҲޱȵƣһνļҷֲĴˮãĿȻҲҪռˮõıˣΪҪ֪ˮѾԼˣƾκ鶼ǿԵģαطҪ
Ŀǰ˵ûҪˮôϸ룬Լʱض˷ţҲǲԼѾˣмŮҲİɣ
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ˮˮ鵹ˣΪѹ⵽ʲô˼һ˹ˮ¾ͲһˣȻûоŮ֮£ǹⷽˮȴҲ֪һЩģԵ£ˮµȻһߵ˹
ʱȴǹһЦȻ˵סˣֻǳֻһһƣҪ´εĻǿɾͲһƵ¶˰
Ϊ϶һĴ˭֪ȻֻһƾˣˮøղŻŵҲڷ˻ȥȻָֻ֮ǰɵģ
֮󣬸Ŵˮûص֮ǰڵǼŸŵصʱ򣬺ֻһȻ󶫺ҲǺ˹
ֵմ𣿡
ף϶֮ǰԼӸսռʱע⵽ˣҽ˶ҲǣϾǶĵ̣֪Ҳ֡
ţ±Ǹæߴˮõ죬ϽϴȻñӰǸס
ˮǶ͸ģڶǰˮǱӦǲöܵģǸö֪ղ飬ļҪⶫΪԼҲǸѹġ
ˮȻ˱ѣæǿٵϵ·һ𴲵̬ȻżװЩغ˭
˸İ㵱±˿ţһŭһϺ˹ȥ˿ǸϺҲǺɵۡ
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һ⻰±ΧЩŮ˹ȥȻֻǶһµĵ˵ͷ
ۼˣŵüͷҲ˿Ϊ֪ЩŮǼĵҲǾԲƭģ˵ĵĻôղŷ϶Ǹˡ
֮ǰľٶ㵱±һ˿Ļˣţ΢΢һ㶣ȻСǰŮǺǳţղŷ飬һֶ͸¶ȥȻĻҪǵ
Ȼװ⻰ʲô˼ЩŮǵ»ǹ˵ϣūףūǾԲὫ͸¶ȥģ
˵ͷȻֻվֶںǱ֮ǰ˵﷢һЩЩĲ£ŹڿӦûʲôˣôҲͲֵմϢˣټɣ
˵⻰㵱±׼뿪ˡ
ǺʱǰȴһӱˣȻһ˯ʵվſڡ


535 װͿ
ͻһĻ±ðЩԾΪ˿Ȼ֪ЩŮ˵Ķ붼ˣ֮ǰȷǽӶյԼһУʲô飬ôɾ޴֪ˡ
ʵϰҲ飬Ϊ¸ûʲô̫ĹϵֻҪ֪ȻĶоͿˣҪⶫЩʲô飬ǶνˣֻҪƸ׳죬Ҳᡣ
ҰҲ֪϶Ҳǲϣ֪ģҲ׼͸к֮뿪ģ˭룬Ȼĳˡ
£㵹ǲֱȥˡ
รԭǶôô𣿡
һߴŹǷһ߼װһƣĿŰʵ
ҲЩ˵ⲻ֪ҪǲŵĻҲ͵ʲôҲûĹȥˣͻȻǼ˼һ֪ʵʳ仰ⲻǿ
ҲǼֱ̲סҪˣΪڶհǾ仰˵ʱҲǸպðŴˣ˵ⲻǿҪⶫ˵仰ԼĻҲǲˣ
֮֮ѾߵһˣٰŹȻҲɰϾǰλǶкôɣô˵Ļ˵Լйˣ
ͬʱҲǰ뵽ܵȻŶʲôԼֻҪ˵֪ͿˣԼô˵ҲǰҹʦˣѵⶫܶЩʲôɣ
֪ⶫѹͲղʲôԼʲô飬ĵģֻԼڲⶫ֮С
Ȼ϶ǲ֪ˣҪ֪Ļղſ϶Ҳǲˡ
ǺĳЩΪ͸׼װͿˣǺͿͿϻӲǣ
ţ㵱±ǶŸ˵ʵҲûʲôֻ֮ǰ﷢һЩֵĶΪЩ棬Źˣ
Ŷԭô֪ûҵ﷢˶أ
һ߼װŹУһ֪ʵĿ򰽹ʵ
Σȴֲ˵ЩʲôֻŸϿ뿪ֻ˵û£Ѿҵˣһֻ͵͵ˣµģ
Ŷԭ
ͻľתøЩˣȻ⵽ʲô˼ۿ¶ѾǸԼƲ˹ϵȻҲǲٶ˵Щʲôˡ
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˵ţǶŸ˹֡
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ĶѾԶ˿ʵϸҲǿˣⶫӦװͿģֻһ岻СĻɼϺзͿԽˣֺԳأ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôǸҲȥˣŴ˹ȥԶģ㿴ˮӱｫԴ˳
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Ÿһ֣صģˮõ±һĵ˵ͷȻͬ˵˷ģūǲὫκ˵ģ
ռ飬ֱǸһܣȻܣôȻǲױ֪ˣֱĿǰΪֹ֪ռģҲȫǸεˣǣȻʮַĵģȻȻҲǰˮˣҪ֪ˮѾˣܻᱳ
ڸղȥĶǲΪ֪ˣΪɣǻԼһģҲǴСѣ飬ضڶ˵ҲǼֲˡ
ţǱʱһϮ±̲ס˸Ƿ
˵壬Ǹۻǵ۵ģرʹôʱսףѾЩԲˣټ֮ǰֺôľƣ⵱˼֡
ۼˣһԵˮ¸æˣ˰ɣҪ˵ĻūǾͷϢɣ
Σûôֻܾǵ˵ͷȻ򴲱˹ȥ
֮󣬸뵽һЩ飬òֻһŴҪԼ˯ĻˮҪ˯أ
ţ±ǻعͷˮʵˮ£˯
ˮһ⻰ɫ±Ǻ֮ǰ뷨׼͸˯һģϾҲ֪ĸνķ̲Ǽ򵥵źԡ¶ѡ
⻰Ȼ֮ǰ˵óȴҲ˵ˣΪղŸ˯ŵģµĸȴŵģҪοڣ
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⻰±üͷΪʵЩ̫ǷˣϾԼô˵Ҳһүǣôˮ˯أ
ţһԵˮСֹ˵Ĵôһ˯£˯һôˣ
˯һ
⻰е±һȻıԼĴ˹ȥ
㻹˵ⴲģ˵˯ĸˣʮҲ˯µģ
òе㲻̫ðɣ
ţֻˮѾǱһޱ߹ˣ´ŵҪźá
±̲סˣæҪ˰ɣŴҲһ˯ɣ
⻰һڣˮºˮ鵱±һϲˮȴЩԥ
ðɣϾˣǽū澣ū澸˯һģ
ˮ¿𱰣Щռ˱˵˼֪ǣڸռ˱˵ԼŶԡ
ڸ׼˵ЩʲôʱһԵˮȴǺһѽˮϵıӸ˹ȥȻһӱӵ˴ϣлʲôõģ˵ģǸ˵ĻŶԣ
һԵˮҲǸæ˵һж˵İţ
ۿŸԼˮˮ鶼ͬˣˮȻҲǲ˵Щʲôˣֻǵ˵ͷ
Ƭ֮һŴϣȻĸˣȴûһ˿˯ˡ
ֻҪͷһᣬ˲ǻῴ˯ߵˮãǴ˿Ҳ۾ټϴˮɢһ㣬ǸΪ
вСڶѾôˣ컹ҪҩʦȥأøϽ˯Уôȥˣ
ţĬ칦Ƭ̼Ĺе궯ֱѹȥˣٿˮõʱҲƽࡣ
ʱ˯ˮȴǺʵˣ˼䵽һطôĿ𣿡
⻰һڣ˯ˮˮˮҲǺ̧ͷȻ˹ƺǶ˼˺Ϳ־塣
ȴ˹˼ڶкеӡǲôá
ϸ룬ҲеԵˣ˵ȻǺ˼䲶ɱйϵˣ˵ɱ壬˼ԹʱеĴͳǰЩƼԽԽಶɱٶҲԽӿ֮⻹кȾ⣬һ˼̬ȻҲԽҲѹˮǻˡ
飬ȴǲ˵ЩʲôˣΪҲ֪ìʵ޿ɱġ
ţ±˵Ҹô˵أ˵˼ǸõطΪҵļ˺ѣкܶóԵĶǶǶĺ˵˼ȴûôˣΪ˼࿴Ƕĺֻʳѣ
⻰Ȼ˵ЩˣʵûˣҲ˼ˡ
ˮһ⻰±ǽԴȻЩµ˵Ҫȥ˼Ļ᲻Ҳ൱ʳﰡҲŲҪʳأҺѳԵģ
ˮĻ±һԵˮˮҲ̲סЦ
ΪǿǸܻᷢ飬Ҫ֪ڸˣͥɣ˵ҶЩʲô飬ǵʳˡ
Ц֮󣬸һĿˮ˵İɣֻҪڣǲκ˵˺ǵģ
⻰ˮõ±һĵЦ


536 ݼʦ
ˣ˼䵽ʲôĶ
ܶܶ࣡ⶫˣʱҴȥ֪ˣ
˼ʲôóԵ𣿡
Ҳкܶ࣬ʱҴȥԸ
ôʲôʱȥ˼䰡
ˣҡҽ궫飬Ȼ󡭡ȻٽͥͿԻ˼ˡ
ôҪȶðһ컹죿
ҲҲ
˵˵ţĴˮȴੲݵ˵Ż
һĹȴǺָֻסˣˮЩ㵵תͷȥ±㿴ˮºˮơ
ˮСѾͷûѾ˯ôô㳳֣
ˮҲǸæСˮ㻹ǲҪ˵ˣ˺úϢһ°ɣ˻أҪǴ˵ϢǿɾͲˣ
ˮһ⻰±ĵϵ֣Ȼһ˹ȥȻֻʱ˿̣ȻѾ˯ˡ
Ƥͷˮ˱У˿̵ǵһ˫۾ȫһ˿˯⡣
ʵϲֹˮºˮ˿Ҳǵɴһ˫۾˿ҲûҪ˯˼
ǶԣⳡҸʵ̫ͻȻˣԼԺ϶Ҫ֮ˣ˭ģȻҪǴȥ硣
һ뵽ˮе±Ǽѣﻹһ˿˯⡣
ǲ˯ǵ飬ˣȵʱѾǿ쵽ˡ

˸۾۾ʱǰһΣȻˮñȻǳǰ
һЦȻôô簡
ˮЦЦ˵ūǸ˵˯ţˣҪ˯𣿲˯ĻūǾͰ°ɣ
˯˲˯ˣǻǰҸ°ɣҽ컹Ҫæʵǲٵˣ
˵Ż±վ
ۼˣһԵˮ±ǽһʪ˵ë˹лˣɣ
棿
⻰±ǾЩЦ˵ǲô秵ģ
ˣȴû˵ЩʲôЦŽˮë˹Ȼ˲ϾڶⶫźƹŴһƶȣҲˡ
֮һԵˮʵˣ׼ʲô·أ˼ף͸Ǽװ
̧ͷһǿˮȻ·һ˼·Ƕ֮ǰΪ׼׹װ
һ׹װЩʱǸԺ֮С
Ƭ֮ǸæӦ˹ȻָԼ·˵ǴҴ˼·ɣ
һڣˮ鵱±ǽ·˻ȥȻ󽫸µ·˹
ڶ͵׹װȻǼΪϲģϲϲȴǲٴˣΪҪҩʦȥģһװĻδЩˣԸǾԼ֮ǰ·
Ȼ˼·ûйװ˧ȴǱȹװˣȥµĻǴļЩĺһ㡣
飬㲻ҪˣЬ඼ˮðŸϵģֻҪ򵥵ĶӾͺˣЩϰߣûñȻˣΪҪǲˮЩĻֻ˼ˣϾˮÿ˺üŮÿĹǷˣô׸Ĺģ
ţ±ǵࡣ
·ˮµʵˣӶҪҪԵ㶫
Զ
һ⻰±ЦȻˮ˵ˣڵֻѣǲģȻҲͲҪʲôˣ
รԭ
ˮһ⻰±˼ĵ˵ͷ
ۿʱˣҲõ˳ȥµʱˣ漴ֶˮ˵ţҪȥȥˣȰ¾ͻǾҰɣ
ū
û˿ԥˮõ±ǶŸһݡ
ЦЦȻſ˳ȥ
ŵһ˲䣬ǿһżΪϤӣٿʱҲǸæӭ
˭
˰ҹ˭
Ҳһôˣ
ҹĵһۣжʱ΢΢һôҲû뵽ԼŵĵһۣľȻǰҹ
ˣ»ǸæӦ˹Ȼ󲻶ɫı㽫Ǹˣǰ˹ȥ
㡭
ͽҹݼʦ
ڸ׼ѯʰҹΪʲôʱ򣬰ҹȴѾ˫ֱȭĶ΢΢ȥ˵ôһ仰
һʱ䣬кǱļΪ
ΪҪ֪仰ǰ˵ģͻȻһ˶˵仰һʱ仹Щˡ
û˵ҹҲû˵һŮǴ˿Ҳһ˹һʱЩ
Ƭ֮󣬸ڻǷӦ˹һ֮˵ˣ̫ͲҪôˣǸϽɣ֮Ȼʦͽ֮ȴʦͽ֮ʵ㻹ǲҪˣҿе㵱𰡣
˵ѾǺͰҹʦͽ֣ΪԼʵûʲôԽ̸ҹģ԰ҹʱ򣬸ٻЩ˼ģΪ֣Լʦʵǵ̫ˣ
ԣҹȴǲΪˣֻǱȭ˵ʦ˵ﻰνһΪʦΪҵʦͽʦΪˣ
ҲôһΪʦΪⲻǰԼһԼֻһССɨǣﵱ
Ϊ˱ⰽҹ˵ʲôԼεĻ±׼ˡ
ȱ˵ˣҪȥҩʦȥ鿴߲ˣҪʲô¶Ļȥæɣ
ҹһ⻰±ֱӣȻ¶Ͳʦˣһ縸ʾͺҩʦȥ鿴ˣʶӣҩʦǰȥ
ʲô˵Ѿȥˣ
һ⻰̲סôҲû뵽ҩʦȻǰƲˡ
һ𾪵ģҹǸæ͵ʦȱ𼱣ʵϵʱҩʦ͸ʶҹǸʱûѣʺҩʦҲǲľ
ԭ
ҹô˵Щ˼˰ԭ˼ԼԼû˼ҵʱ䰡һĻȷʵǹֲ˼ˡ
ʱҹʵʦʲô¶𣿡
ĺ棬ϾǶԼΨһĿıΪ˰ҩʦ߲ȻⶫѾǺҩʦȥˣôԼȻҲ¿ɸˣ¶ҹӦҲ֪İΪʲôôʣ
Ǻ±һƵĿҹ˵ûаôˣ
ҹһ⻰ЦȻȻĻôͽʹȥתתɣҲţ
ʵⲢǰҹģǰģΪҲǿˣȻѾԼĶΪͽ֮Ĺϵȴǲôãڰ˵ֻǴʦͽϵﲻԼĿġ
Ǻһ⣬ǾðҹŸúõһϣ֮Ĺϵһ㡣
ڰҹ飬ȻҲǸæͷӦΪҪкúһģȻⰽҹȿˣôҲ˳ˮˣ֮ǰвͬǣǴˮģ˭룬ȴǻ˰ҹ
֮⣬ȻҲһĿģǾϣⶫҵһ˾סĹȻսռˮþס
Ͼʱ˿̣ռڵĹæΪԼнǵĶǣʵûʲôʱȥæˮýס֮ˣȻҲǲˮסռˣõİ취ֱӸһֳɵĹ
ʵϹڹ飬ȿǵĲⶫͥϾͥڶ࣬˾סĸǲֱӴͥһͺˣ
ȻҲֻˣΪͥĹ࣬ȴǿסʹõģʲôסʲôĹڣⶼϸĹ涨ģȻͥĹܶ࣬ǶˣҪΪˣ
ȻͥУֻǰĿⶫˣϾڸⶫʵҲһСͥˣй¥֮ĽҲȻҲһЩ˾סˡ
㣬ȻҲûʲôȥܾҹˡ
ۼˣҹȻҲǼΪȻһӣֻԶĵطǣͷģĶ
±뵽ʲôȻһ飬һԵİҹⲻǺɣ


537 еĹ
ֻʱ˿̣ǣǰģȻͷ޴ĺҲ֪ΪΣͷȻڿеģ
δҲЩ̫˰ɣ׸ˡ
ǰҲûӡ֮УӦöڶʮҵģҲʮְˣǰô󣬻ǰδ
Ÿǽг˺֣֮һľ棬ҹ±ǽ͵ûǺˣһĺͬЩǶеƷ֣Ϊٶȼ죬һֱΪʹõģ
ԭ
ҹô˵˼ĵ˵ͷȻǰĺ˹ȥ
ʵ϶ڸͰҹ˵ﲻﺣûжĹϵҹзȻԼɣȴ޺ɨƣҪҲʲô£ſľ񣬸Ǿһǰֻ޴ĺ
ɣ
£һһĶŸ˵
˵仰ʱǺӺǷŵһЩ˵ЩҲһĺ壬ö˻ġ
һ˿ԥ˵ͷ֮󣬱
ıźһĶȥҲǼΪ㱼䣬һĸоܿɹǣ⺣Ǳ׶ˣҪȥֱӸ˵ͺˡ
ں֮󣬸һԵİҹ˹ȥְҹʱҲȻʱ˿̣ҹµֻɫȴǱЩ
΢΢ϾͿԿóˣҲǣҹıǺа֮һССĺܲأ
֮󣬰ҹǶŸղǣ˵ˣûʲô¶ˣ°ɣ̫ӵʦͿˣ

Űҹ͸΢΢һݣ±ȥ
ҹſʦȥתҴȥ
һ⻰е±ǶŰҹָ˵Ѿⲻǿǵһⶫĺòã˿ͷ֮⣬Ҳûȥĵطô֪жʲôĵط
ʱԴкһȻ±ǶŰҹ˵֪ⶫ﹬ࣿ
﹬ࣿ
ЩĪ⣬ʱðҹЩͷˣʵЩ׸Ϊʲôôʣ˵ĵطϽǰɣСʱȥźܶܶĹ
ס𣿡
һ䡣
ûУҹҡҡͷȻ֮й࣬ȴûôĺסǿõģʦ𣿡
ҹ˵ţһ˹
𣿵Ȼ֮һˣȻܸ
а⻰Ȼ϶ǲ˵ˣֻ˵ûʲô뿴иͥʲô֮ͬǾȥղ˵Ǹطɣ
ǺðɣҴȥ
ۼˣҹȻҲǲ˵Щʲôˣ±һȵǰнûȸԸµĺҲǶ
տʼʱֻٶȲûж죬ҲǸһܲٶȲѣһֻ֮ٶȺǱüΪ
һʱ䣬ߵľǿٵٶȣøΪԾ
ʱǰİҹǷٶȣµֻҲǺһֻʱǰģȻһƬĹˡ
ЩдСͲһΨһͬľЩʵЩ̫ڻˣҲǣհҹ˵Ϊ֮вû̫ĺ壬Щһֱ˾סģȻ˾סĻôҲǿ϶ˡ
ҹعͷѸʦǵˣ
˵ͷȻǸæµĺǰ˹ȥҹˣҲǸ
ĿⲻϵǰЩţƬ֮ǰһȻ±ȥҹȻк棬ȴҲǲ˼ĸȥ
Ӻ֮󣬸ϸĹ۲ǰ
ݸ֮ǰϿչ۲Ľǧƽ׵ģһƬĹ֮Уʵ㲻ʲô̫Ĺ֮Ի⣬Ȼűԭˡ
Ȼⶫ󷨱ĺˮӿҪ֪ⶫϾλں׼ĵطȫ˺ˮ⺣еʪȴ޷赲ˡ
һ˾סĹãΪ๬һ㶼רŵŮɨģԼʪأҲûʲôӰġ
Щ˾סĹɾͲһˣΪȻ˾סôȻҲ˴ɨˣطҲǺٻǰģ⼸ǧЩȻҲܵĳ̶ֳϵĸʴЩˡ
Ψǰȴģ˿ҲûܵʪĸʴȻǹµڸǰ
عͷȥİҹʵΪʲôΧһأǲΪ˾ס
ǣҹҡҡͷ֮ԻᱣӣֻΪʹõĲѣֲĺеģҲǼΪϡ٣ʹϽɵĹȫˮҲǲ˿ı仯ģҪĵطֲƳɵģʲôõģҲǲ֪ˣΪҶûУ
ҹ˵ţָָŵϷ̧ͷһҲΪΪ簽ҹ˵ϷȷʵûҵģûҵĻȻҲ޴֪Ϊʲôʹõˡ
òЩԾΪ֮ǰҹ˵ˣֹĲϿǼΪϡٵģȻĻôⶫΪʲôҪһôĹأ
ⲻǶһ
ţЩ
棬ûԼĿģȻ֪ʲôͷǸȴǼΪģҪ㵽֣ȴҪͰҹúõһˡ
ȻʵҲԼװȥȻ͵͵ｫսռģȴǲˣΪʵЩ̫ˡ
ϾǺ֮ǰͥɨѸʱһģʱɨǣԭɨǵͽܣĳ̶ֳ˵ʱɨѸҲǸͥġҡˣԸ˼ɵĽɲ֮ĶΪˡ
Ҫ֪ڶģΪһⶫģȻǿ˵ĻôȻǲܺˣҪõ˵ͬУ
ţһЦҹ˹ȥ
ۿŸǶԼЦҹʱһĪʵǲģʲô˼
ֱ˵е뷨ʱҹ׹ˡ
ڸҪһˣȻҲһ¶ˣҹ϶ǻԥģû׼¶ҹò⣬ȥʾһ¶У
ǡ
԰ȻʦϲĻôҾͰ͸ɣ
ҹûκεԥ±ǼΪˬ˵
һϲźЩԥ˵ϾһҪҪȥʾһĸ˵
ҹȻⶫľ̫ӣҪ֪ⶫǶ㣬ûⶫڣʵЩ֡
˭һ⻰ҹȴǼΪİ˰ֵʦİɣС¶ҸǴʵģôƫƧĵطҹ֮ǰûأ֪ﻹôĹأͷİɣ͵͸ˣͱƴˣ
ҹ˵ţԼţʾȫԼ㶨ˡ
ʵ֮ǰҹһֱҪ͸һΪԼİʦ֮
һ£ӦʦͽŶԣǺԣΰʦȴǺܲһġ
ʦ˵ĥӲŰģҸ֮ǰ˵ʦܱܿԺȶĹؼڣΪҹĴ㡣
ȻĸѾǸȥŮ鱦Ͼ͵ĶԼȴûʲô̫ĹϵˣҲһźá
ְѰҹסˣΪ֪Լ׸͸ʲôźã
Ůˣ
вУȲ˵ĸѾˮ͸ˣûͣԼҲͰ˰ʦŮ˵ģⲻǿӵ
Ȼ鱦
ҲǲУһĸ֮ǰѾˣԼδҲЩ̫Щ
Ҫͱɣ֮бֵ࣬ͱǿԵģ
и뷨ҹ뵽˸֮кһ룬Ϊ֣ò֮Уûʲôȵϸµıˡ
ҲУҲУҹ׼Ҫˣ˭뵽Ȼǿһ˾סĹ
ڰҹĹʵõĶҲǷţȻҪĻô͸ˣһԼҪ飬Ҳڸ¸ӡֲֺΪأ


538 ʦ
ۿŰҹĺˬȻҲǵñʾʾˣⰽҹô˵ҲͽˣȻҲǲСˡ
֮ǰǵȰǰսռ
ţ±ȥֻһǰĹ˲ʧˣͬʱռƬݵϣǳһ޴Ĺ
һĻǿİҹЩˣôҲ벻ȻֱӾͽټһˡ
ԾĻںأֻ֮ǰ֮±˹лһŽɫĵҩһƿֵҺ塣
Σ͸㣡
˵Ż±ǽеĶݸ˰ҹ
ҹΪֽ˹ȥȻһɻĿʲô
ЦЦ͸İʦ֮ɣǿŵҩأ̫ϵ˼Ƶľת𵤣ƿˮأǾŮõȪˮǻҺܴĹŵõģǧ˷ˣ
ⶫŮ鱦ģһȻҲǲСˣõóֵģòҲֻɲ衢ת𵤻Ȫˮˡ
ҹģҲ֪һ϶һϲȲļһɲȻǲˣұɲ裬ȪˮĹЧҪǿֹˡ
ȻȪˮԴȻҲǲ˵ˣֻ˵ǴͥŮġ
˸Ľ֮󣬰ҹ±Ǳˣ˵Ȫˮ;ת֮ǰûгԹȴҲֹһĸʶˡ
ʵ˵ȪˮΪȪˮа׹ĹЧеǿޱȣ֮ͥУҲһѵõرˣ
ת𵤣ȴҲһĶˣΪҪ֪ת𵤿ǳʥ֮һ̫ϵ֣֮ת𵤾ǵҩеƷˣ
ֶóһǶһˣȴһӶ˳ҲͲɵðҹ˳Ծˡ
һںܶ˵Ŀжһ֮أи䱦˵ĺܶˣָȴǻûɵ߻һɽҰ֣ɵĻΪɾ͵ģȴǲΪˡ
Ϊе䱦࣬ȴֻһĶҴ˼ģûһ˻ɽҰ˵ȻǱˣǶڳɻΪ֮˵е䱦ȴǼΪƽĶˣǼĿһۡ
óĶȣνıȷʵЩμ׾ˡ
һ뵽ҹȻЩ˼
£ǸæȪˮ;ת𵤶ȻֶŸݵͽлʦ
ŰҹӣΪ˵ҹԼǺ¶ҲûҪÿ˵һ仰Ͱһ°ɣۣԼŶЩˣҪ֪ⰽҹԺҪһ˼ȥģǵ˼֮ӣôöΰ
ڸʦͽ֮仹һЩĺãͺñɨʦһûҪҪô壬˵һһ۵ģжˡ
ţǿŰҹ˵ҹҸ¶£
ҹǱȭŸ˵ʦ̫ˣʲô¶ֱӷԸͺˣͽһհ죡
𣿡
ЩŵĿ˰ҹһʵ
ҹһĵı֤ȻˣȻͽеʱȷðʧһЩʦصȴǶģֻҪԸ飬ͽһ쵽ģ
ҹô˵±Цŵ˵ͷȻֿڵȻ㶼ô˵ˣôҲͲˣʵҪ˵Ҳܼ򵥣ϣԺܲܲҪİˣ
ţ
ҹһ⻰±ЩȻҵʦͽܰʦǺ鰡
֪ĵͷ˵Ҷ֪ʵЩܲҲǲ
˵к΢΢һΪͻȻ뵽ⰽҹҲǵиǧˣ˵͵ĻⰽҹҪһٶ౶
뵽ǸæòϿǲģҰȥģЩΰ
ҹЩͷ𣿡
Ȼˣ
һĵͷ˵
ԺôأϾҵʦҪҲĻҸʿ϶Źҵģ
ҹЩε˵
һ⻰ЦȻ˵İɣа취Ժĸʻ˵ڳĻôôԺҪûڵĻ֮仹ˣΣ
˵⻰ҹ˹ȥ


539 
ҹһ⻰ҲʵϹϾĺ͸ദţԼҲʮܵģҲû취Ϊʶ顣
˵ͥɶǸ֮߰ڣԶԴһҪԵùҲˣҹŻġ
ڿܵĲֹԼλʦҲޱȵܣŸҪ󣬰ҹ±ҲûľʹӦ
ۼˣҲЦ
õ˹֮ٴҲûʲô˼ˣһȻֿҹôǸȥ
֪ҹ˸εıʵĵҪûʲôĵطҪҺĵطȥУҸ֮ǰǷԸңܴȥģ
ҹ˵Ҳһ˿нˡ
ȻڰҹãǶڸȴûʲôˣ˰ҹĻ֮󣬸±˵УǾȥɣպҲȥⶫ߲ôˣ
ҹһ⻰±Ǹæ˰ֵвУеģҸʿ˵˲ܴȥģҿɲΥ
һЦȻֿҹҪȥĻ𣿡
ȻǲˣϾҵʦ
ҹ˵
ǲͶˣʱһ㸸Ļ˵ҵ⣬סŸȥģ㸸ʻ˵Щʲô𣿡
˵Ż˺
һԵİҹһ㶣ŵЦΪҲ׹ˡ
ȷԼȷʵǲܴŸȥģҪǳȥҪǸԼĻôɾʹһˣĸ֪Σ
ϾôҲܴɣ
ţҹбҲûһ˿Ĺˡ
ȻæҲȥ
֮вͥطֻһڶѣĵطȻҲǿгȥĻᴥػ󷨣Ȼǲˣ˵ſڵķȥˡ
ʱҹ뵽һЩ飬Ȼ⽫ٶȷһЩ͸жһ֮żװʵʦͥʶʲôˣȥЩطǰСʱҲȥͥΣʱ̫Сͥ߶ܸܲ˵˵ͥľ
ҹ֮ԻôʣΪȻ֪ͥľˣΪȻȥͥĴ٣Ǳˣĸʶȴǿͥģͥģĸ͸ˣȻǲҪڽһˡ
ҹ⻰˼ʵ֪ʵݣΪʵЩ棬ʵݵʲôȻĸ⣬Ը
ҹ𣬸ҲûôԥıҸȥͥûãʶҲ࣬ĵǲ٣ҵʦŭǾꯡʥԯԼ̫ϵλͯӣȥĵطǿеˣϾҿǸͥɣͥҶȥõģ
˸Ļҹ±ǵ˵ͷȴЩʧΪòƲûеõʲôõϢȻӸ˵ЩֶͥдɣǽƾЩɵĻȴûеܹĸǰصĵز
Ҳ˵϶ʲôûˣţҹ˹ȥûΪʵƺһܴܣκ˶飬Ҳûʲôֵġ
ֻҪպѹϵһЩĻҲǻԼģ
뵽ʱ򣬰ҹʱǻһЦȻ㲻ٶˡ
ٶȼ죬ټһ·赲˺ܿĳˣҹԲ˵Ƕľ̫ӣſڵҲǲˣǴͥʹǾ̫ӵʦϱЩȻҲǲģ˼ǳͨı档
ػ󷨵ʱ򣬸κһйҲû֮ǰжĸоˣܿ죬Ӧֻ
ȥأ
ҹ˵ţ˹
°ͣ򵥵˼һ£֮﷢߲صģ
ҹǵͷһ£űҼǵúϱ߰ɣƫϵĵط
УǾȥ
һ˵Ȼ͵ģԼҪĲЩʲô¶ĻòҲЩĲȻδܰʲôæܹҲһˣ
⻰һڣһԵİҹҲǱЩ˷Ϊڶ߲£ԼʵҲ˺ܶĹģЩֻ˽½еģΪĸʸμ飬һֱҲûʲôչǼȻҪˣôɾͲˣ
߿
£ҹʮ˷ܵĴһµĺһ˳ȥ
ŰҹͻķӦҲֻεҡҡͷȻŸæȥ
ȻٶȺܿ죬ǵȸ͸ˮʱȴѾǰСʱ֮ˡ
еһ֣˵̫ܿˣȻֻд˲һʱ䣬ȴЩˡ
׼ȥʱ򣬼Ϻһأ΢΢һ㶣æǻͷ˹ȥȴҹһ֣صĶԼҡҡͷ
ĺ棬ôˣ
ҹУڻܳȥ
Īһ仰±øЩɻ˵ò״ˣԶĵطǺˣôͲܳȥˣ
׼ѯʰҹһʱ򣬰ҹȴ㿴֮ͻ⵽ôˣ
˵⻰ҹ±Ǵ߶µĺһ˹ȥ
ĺ棬æҲǸȥ
ʱҹһСͣȻĿСȥɣǧǵãһܱǸˣȻ¶Ҳ鷳ˣ
˵⻰ʱ򣬰ҹҲһĽš
ʱ̣ȴǸΪΪʵǲװҹ⵽ʲô˼ʲôвܱǸˣѵϻбʲô
ҿҹһŵģƺڴ˿̳ںϵĶΪ˼ɣҪ֪Ƕ̫Ӱڶ֮ϣʲôµģ
ţбҲ̲סˣæ㿪ʵҹ⵽ô°ϵʲô
ҹûлش⣬ǿЦ˵Ҹ˵ۿĺãƥˣΪʵЩ̫ˣ
⻰±Ƕû˵ʱ˿̣ЩȲҪںϵĴڵǺηʥˣȻⶫľ̫Ҳ˼ɡ
ͬʱһԵİҹҲȻֶƥԸ˼仰ȻŴŸȥ

͸ˮһ̣±ʮֳĺһʵĿţȴԳЦΪʱԼ壬ǸҪġ
꣡ǧǷˣȻɾ鷳ˣ
ۿŸҹΪŵĺ
¸ҹҹ㵽ڵʲô鰡Ҫ֪ĵ̰˸Ұģ˵ˣеĻڻʲô
ҹһ⻰ЩȻͲ²µ˵Ҳ㻹ۿɣ
ҹ˵ţ±Զĺָ˹ȥ
Ҳ˵Щʲô̱ŤͷǱ߿˹ȥҪʲôðҹ˵Ĺ˼ɡ
ֻһۣʱЩˣȻһ˼ҹ˹ȥ
һڶذɣ˼ɵĶ
һָŲԶϵǸһ𾪵ҹ˹ȥ
ո֮ǰ˼άðҹ˼ɵģҲʲô֮Ķɣĸͷ϶СпܱȰҹı廹þ޴󣬲ȻⰽҹĻ
ǣҲû뵽ʱ˿̳ǰģʲô֮ĶһҾ޴ִִӰܶȻвٵæţƺһҾ޴Ĳ㴬
Բ֮ڣҲ㴬֮⣬ҲûκζˣôҲ˵ðҹ˼ɵģȻҲҲ㴬ˣ
ʵЩ޷Ⱑ
˿̳ǰǺǰĹô϶ðҹµķӦģϾҹʵҲһ˵ˮ׼ˣһЩģҹͲǶ֣
ǣôҲû뵽ðҹ˼ɵľȻֻһҲ㴬Ӽʮ굽ûи
ʲôĴ֪
ǿǰ֮֮ףǻĵͼڣʲôҲɣ涼Ҫ¶ֻǺһ䣬Щ϶ҲǵŵƨˣһصĶһС浽Ǽ˼
ģô°
ԽԽ㲻µˣ


540 ƺ
ǸҲǼʶˣǰ£ͷǲ⵽ô£
۰ҹȴһĿСϣʲôҲ˵
Űҹģе±ǸΪҹҹѵ׼ҽͽ⵽ôô˵Ҳⶫľ̫ӣôᱻ˸ųͲ㸸֪֮𣿡
ҹεʼ˵ʦΪԸҲû취鰡˵ˣҵĸˣҲйغһЩ֮£ҲЩø㽲ˣ
ҹ⻰±ǸΪԾΪ֪ҹڿЦȻҹЩȴ϶ǲĸʶЦˣôҲ˵ҹ˵Ķˣ
ǶǰҲ㴬Ҳö֣
Բԣǲܵ鰡Ȳ˵ⶫǻĴ֮ףҲ֪˼ˣ˷սܻʱûʲôµģ
һڣôһҲ㴬Ͷأ
Ҫ֪ڶ֮ϰԼҵſˣԼſˣõĶȻᱻŵö飿
ţһɻԶĲ㴬˹ȥ
ʱ͵һ䣬ƺ뵽ʲô飬Ȼ±һĿҹ˵ҹҪҽˣе㻳ǲǸǶⳡ߲йأһһʮ˵Ȼҿǰﲻˣ
˵ţԶĲ㴬˹ȥĿȴǱЩ
ʵϸ֮ǰҲйĻɣڵʱҲֻǻɶѣԸһֱҲûа¸κˣǰ¿ĻɾȻпܾģ
Ǿǣɶⳡ߲ԪףпܾǷķˣ
֮ǰ·ʱ򣬸оѾĻˣΪ⻯Ⱦǿ൱ģȻǻԶӰˡ
ڵʱֻһһ˲ŵͷˣΪһɵȾô᲻֪Ͼĵ̣ҪȾӿ붫֪ܲ
ڼ֮ǰͰҹ֮ʱҹҩʦⶫ¶ˣҲˣҲΪⳡ߲ģ϶ĳͶгаˡ
ֱڣǷ뷨ţⳡ߲˼ķǸģ
ԭֻΪע⵽ԶҲ㴬ϵ񣬲ֻڲѣͬʱǻ׶һЩ
տʼʱû⣬ΪµնѣһƲøһ
ΪЩĳȻһ޴ͰͰȻĳЩװػѧƷͰ
ʱ򣬸±뵽һЩ飬Щν񣬿϶ֻôˣǴ˴ǰĿģȻҲΪ˲ˣΪԼղźͰҹһ·ʱ򣬲ûп⸽ʲôϺ֮Ķ׼ĻôΪʲôѡط
ȻΪ˲㣬ôʣЩ˿϶ˣҿóǶĻһĳֻѧƷ
һ˵ɶⳡ߲ģľ˼ķˣ
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ڴ֮ǰûбҪҹһеĹ¡
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ҹ˵Ĺ£ǹڶ飬ǹһλ顣
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Ҫ˵ƺҲһλ򵥵ȻĵλĺȴҲĺĹϽ֮ڣĺһƺҲһλȫҪ˵ĻƺʵҲǱĺһѡ
ΪƺԹŶˮѣƺҲǼΪ׺쳣˵λԸ򽻵ҲǼټģƺȫеһλˡ
˵ҲûʲôϵģˣЩȱʲôҲǿԭµģֻҪǳʲô¶ˡ
ƺƫƫǳһ££Ȼ
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ҪǷǰʵҲʲô̫¶ѵһҲˣǲɵǣƺµʱ䣬ȴƫƫ۸ոհ䷢һּ֮ģ
ǰʱ䣬Ҳ˼ѣ
۵ּ⣬ȷĹ涨ͥǰ˼Լκεطǣ˼ķκε˺ǣĻؽϳ͡
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ҪˣʥּշȥһĹϾĿŵķˣⲻڴҪǲϳ͵Ļδ棿
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Ǵ۾ǣȴûзŹｨĳ־޴Ķǲ֪ԭ֮һֽʯ͵Ķֶ˼ķ˵ȴǼΪѵõı
ۿˣƺļȻҲ޿κˣҴҵĽƺԵʬʰ£Ȼᵽȥˣ֮Ǳˡ
ûãƺͥ˼ǴˣͥǵûжķӦΪǾҲûʲô˼ķǽӴģȻҲǲõˡ
˼ɻиȴŻˣ˭Ҳû뵽ƺȻøҵ³
˲˵Ҳסˣס˵ʬҲ޴ᣬ⵱ǿ֮ˡ
֮󣬸кһͬ׼Ǿǵǿǵĺ壬ܹλСһɶ׼ǧ֮ڣΥĻؽϳͲ
Ϊ˱֤׼ʵʩҹ飬һĸȥϺϺճ˶ǡþͿһִʻ˹ʱ򶫺û˵ıŰҹǱˮУֱִʧ֮¸ˮ档
ҹ±ʮֲȻ֪ȷʵصģӦֻǶһĺԵģΪ壬ȻǲҪĹˡ
⻰һ˵±ǴŭȻ㽫ƺָҹһ飬˵ǲĻǵڶƺ
ϸ룬ǰҹԳһˣҲˣҹ֪Ҫԡ
һǵĴڱ˷ֵĻôֻѡˡ


541 Ԫ
νѡһȻɱЩǵķˣ֤ԼĴڲκ˷֣Ļһǻ۵ģʱû׼ⶫɾҪıɵڶƺˡ
ڶѡ񣬾ǷЩ뿪ȻʹЩ֮ǰ飬ķҲǰٷְЧģĨȥ˷ǵļ䣬ôѵǲỳ⵽ô𣿵ʱҪٻѰҴô죿
һı෢ǵĴڣ֮أѱЩǲ֮ǰԴƺԴǵʱۿ϶ҲҪ˵ˡ
Ͼۿǲܵ˭Ĵֻῴ˽ӴˣеĺƺҲǺ͵һѡһġ
Ҳ˵ôֻҪǱǿǣô۱ҲΪӲعİҹҲʵʵ
˰ҹ֮󣬸Щû뵽±Ȼôһ¡
ڻƺ飬Ҳǲ÷Щʲôƺʵ̫ԩЩ˵дģǱϾػôõĻƺӣûйҲпͰ
⵽أԼ˲˵ļҲǱˣҪǣ֮ǰµĺǶᵽĵطȥˣΪһ˵³ʵ̫һЩ
ҲΪҲǿʼ˰ҹҹҴϵǣֻΪ˱Ҫ־롣
ţ±ԳЦⷲӦ˼ɵģ˭֪ȻôĹأȻĵͼͨķ˼
Ǹ˵˵ɲأ
ţһԵİҹżʵʦѾȫˣڿԸ⵽ô˰ɣΪʲô˵߲ǰЩйأ
ʳϺԹžͿʼеˣҹǼֲˣʵǸ㲻ף˵⻰ʲô˼
ҹ˵⻰ǳ˼ΪЩòע⵽ҪҪ߰ҹƬ֮ڻǾʱȲ߰ҹ
һֱҲֻĲѣȻҴȷһЩжĻѧƷֻĻƺҲ֤ǾǶⳡ߲ԪףԼȥϸĲ鿴һ½ۡ
ȻΪҹˣЩģİҹ֪֮󣬻ԥĽǰЩȫɵ
Ͼⳡ߲ĺֹǧ򣬵ʱһҹҪĳ嶯ˣǿɾˣ߲û˵ⰽҹҲᱻѺͥȥˡ
飬ɲǸҪģգǲ㽫߰ҹ
ţ±ֶ԰ҹ˵ڻܸ㣬ҵȥҵ֤ݲУȵҵ֤֮ڸɣҿԸǣûĻôһа취׽ε飡
һ⻰ҹҲûıæͷ˵Կԣģ˵ôôɣ
߲һֱ޲ߣǴͥҩʦҲǲôģΪҩʦľ˶ʼҲα겻αİ취ҵڶ¶ˣ߲϶ǲ᳹׽ġ
飬ҹȻҲ֪ģԵ˵а취׽߲ʱ±ǸæһڴӦ
ۿˣֶŰҹԸУɣһȹȥ鿴һ㻹źˣϾ壬ǿҵģɾͲһˣ
ҹȻҲ͸һǰȥȴҲ֪˵Ϊ׵İ취ԵҲֻǵ˵ͷ
ţ±Ǳ˺Уθȴûȥﺣǽ޴ռз˳Ȼ޽ԼҪǿ޳ˮҴ˹ȥ
ٽʱ򣬸æóֻȻһƬΪ֤ݱ
Ƭ֮󣬸Ϊ𾪵Լеֻ˹ȥû뵽ֻ¾ȻҲǸһĲˮˣҲãʡ˲ٵ鷳
ţŽֻȻǱ˺У漴ԶĴֻ˹ȥ
ʱ򣬸ûвΧʲô쳣ĵطǵȵ˺׵ʱ򣬸±ǴΪԾȻǸæ˼
ֻʱ˿̣ǰģȻǴССлѧŵͰٵͰ涼ΣջѧƷı־вٵͰɫδ֪Һ塣
ʱ򣬸Ϊʲô︽һҲûˣĻ£ҪǻĻǲĹˣ
ͬʱе뷨Ҳǵõ֤ʵ
ʣɶ߲ԪףȻ˼ķǣ
ȴǿĲˣΪʵǲ֪Ȼôҹˣָ֮ôͶˡ
֮ǰΪĶӣϧˮͳأ֮󣬲֪ⶫ᲻һأ
뵽Щͷ


542 һձˣ
ţǰǰ̧ͷһ㿴һ޴Ͱͷ
ŲԶϵҴЦȻҹҶЩʲôͲһˣζúúýѵһ¡
ţ±Ƕ޴˸ָ˲⣬ֻһԾ㽫ͰһӸ˳ȥ
ǼϷȥͰ±ǼΪЦź뵽ʲôæǽֻ˳ȻһƬޱϣźʻȥˡ
ٶȣҲǱͰٶ˰Ķѡ
ͬʱƽĺϣһΪ޴ִͣںϣϵĴԱӴһСͰȻͰ뺣УǶ˵ȻѾˡ
Ǻʱȴͻأһ죬ȻͻȻһը˿һ߸ߵķ
ͻ춯±ЩԱǴΪԾ
ǿǸзȥĶʱ±ǸΪΪҲϳˣⶫȻǸղŶºĶ
ôأѾºĶôܻԼӺɳأ⵽ô£
£кӿһֲõԤС
ǽ˵ĿһΪȻǾ޴ͰȻŴҹˣ
ãĸ߶ȡͰҪĻԲһڵͰװĶΣյĻѧˣҪǲСĻǻжİ
ҿ㿪
ͻȻ䣬Ҳ֪˭һ䣬Ⱥкһը˿Ȼ˵±ɢӴӵĽŲֵµĳЩ
ʱҲ޴ӺзΪ˿壬ֽԼθˣЩԱҲǡ
ʱ˿̣ѾϾڿˣǰһȺĴӴܵĴԱɫǱѿ
ΪûĻղŵǾ仰Ȼһձ˵ģ
ԴӺ齻֮󣬸ձ˶ûʲôøˣȻСҰ϶ǲˣʱͻȻЩɣ᲻ǰЩ˶ձأ
ɻ󣬸±Ǵߴ޷˹ȥûʱϵǸװлѧϵͰҲ
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һ죬ϺǱҿһ󶴣Ȼһײûãһ
˵Ȼ϶ˡ
޷ɵ˴ϷȻϸĴһ£㿴ֻͰȻƫеҵ˻棬װлѧϵͰұˣֵ±ǱָһĻѧϸûˡ
һʱ䣬ֺɢһ̱ǵζ
ۼˣһ߷ȥˣҴһȦ֮󣬸ģֻһԡ
Ҳ˵ҴϵĶձˣɶⳡ߲ĲǻԼ񣬶ձˣ
ͬʱҴϷһֵı־־ȻǼģ֮ǰ·Ǽһı־
⵽ô£ѵ֮ǰǼһձ˵
Ȼɻ󣬵һʱȴû֪⵽ôˣΪЩձ˵ĻǺʱһϤ
㣬ǸϽ뿪үŭˣҪǲϽ뿪ĻǶģ
Ťͷһֻ˵⻰ģһʮˣ˿һĶǰһװ˵Ż
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Ϊ壬ԸĻ˿Լ±Ǿֱ˹ȥҪǵ˵Щʲô
Ȼ˿ʮֵżȴûʲô̫ķӦֻԹ˵óԼֻȻһϢȥ
ۿ˲Լ˻Ϊû±ظǵøϽ뿪ȻĻɾ˰үᷢŭģ
£֮ΪӦˣȴǺܲмЦһֻ߰װؿڴһ˵˵ܣǲɵ˰ʲô֮Ķ˰ɣ
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˵Żܵ±Ŵϵľ޴ƶָ˹ȥ
£ЩƿˣȻʲô֮Ĵ˵Ǹղŷ̫˵㣬ͰȥˣһӺǷ˳ֱͺʲôӺ׶˳һġ
ܰһͰ棬Ƕһﰡ
ȻЩ£ȴ˿ҲûֳۿֻһʱĶˣ±ǸæһϢȥɿͧ
뿪֮ǰҲǱҪõģȻϰǰûġ
ţ±ǰ˰ֵţҲ⵽ô£ֻ֪ҪһĻѧϣȫҵȻˣ˰ѻҲһ£
һ⻰±һ˼Ŀ˵ʲôҪȥвУ˵
ʲô˵Ӧ˵Ŷԣ
ܻû˵꣬ǱһԵˡ
˵ţνǮ֣ϰһ¸ôǮΪʲôΪĻ𣿿¶ûؾˣôõ飿
ǮǮ˸ǺˣֻҪܸϽ뿪ңε϶ô򵥵ģ
䣬ܺһż˵ĳһˡ
һ⻰üͷҸ㣬¿ɲǮô򵥵ģϰ֪ʵ̫ˣҪ;Ҫ˳Ļϰ᲻ߣ
˵⻰±Ц
һ⻰ܺǴ˸һλձϰ׺ݵģкǴùġ
ۿԼвЧ¸æֵܰܣ۸ҲһˣҪ˵µĻǲе˰Ȼǵϰձˣǻǲİɣúøһˣһȥ֮϶ϰӹʵģЩҲҪԶֻ֣ҪԸЩձͿˣ㵣ʲôأ
⻰ܵ̾˿Ϊ֪ԼѾﻢˣҪ˳Ҳû취ˣƬֿ֮˵ſɣԺ϶ⱨӦģȾ˶ү϶ѾǱүˣ³϶Ҫܵģ
һ⻰ɫ±ǳɫоѾЩˣû뵽ǰһȻǿʼˣе±һֲԤС
ʱԶĵطȴԶĴһ󷢶ϸһƣ㷢Ȼһҿͧ
ۿԼĿͧѾˣҲͲٸǰһ˵Щʲôˣ˵˵ȥԿʼնֻԼѣαҪֿأ
Ҫģ뿪Ƿ֮صĺãڴϵ黹ǽܺЩձˣǿ϶ҲǲΥġ
ţ±Ƕܰ˰ֵˣҵĴѾˣˣ㰮ô˵ô˵ɣֻҪǰ°þͿˣ
˵⻰ǲٴˣߵߣȻͧ˰֣ʾ
ʱҲ˽⵽һЩõϢˡ
ȣ֪¶߲ģȷʵ˼ķǣвͬǣ²ǻĵģձģĻϰ壬һձˡ
ΣҲ֪²ô׽ˣĽѵһ¸ǲܽκģΪһ˵ǸҲһˣҸݺͰѾǸʮ֮ˡ
пڻʱǱѾˡ
ѵǣǲˣ϶һģֻҪǼһڣô¾Ͳֹ
Ҳ˵ҪĽ飬ҪǼһˣ
һ뵽ЩΪôҲû뵽ɶ߲ԪףȻձˣ
ںܶǰʱ򣬻ĵĳЩطӿһĹҵЩҵĶ߹̣ǻΧĻɺܴƻҲΪŽĵصѡ˻ģȾŻĵĿˮԴȴĶ˻ԼĹңǵĹҡǿǵĹҡ
ǵˣЩҵǴڸָ⣬Уˮһ⣬ǰѧʱȥһҵһʱļְۿЩҵΪӱܷˮŵСУǰһ
ǰֻһĬĬŵëͷСӣʲô飬Ҳȴǲһˣ
Լ֮ǰѾǸɵһѵձˣҲٶԸˣ


543 ѵ
ţȻ˾֮ǰǵýѵѵǰЩһ
Ǻ±վȻ˹ȥ
ȥ㣡
һŭȣ˲̧˹ȥ

һ󾪿ֵĲҽһӵ䵽˺ͻһĻ±һԵЩ
ܿ죬ǸæӦ˹Ȼٵ˴˹ȥȻֻʱ˿̣ںкҵš
Ҳһȥģǽһ룬һȻҲܿɶ񣬵ղҲлڹ֮ˣ˰ɣţ±ǷҲһ뺣еͷ
ܣڿʲôϽңҲӾ
һߺҵںУһߺµĳŴϵܺ
׼ˮǺ뵽֮ǰ飬ɫһһ䣬ȻֳһԵľȦȥ㻹ǱˣͧͿ쵽ˣ㻹ںٴһɣ
һ⻰־ŭȴҲ޿κˣܽȦ˾ԼԶĵط±˹ȥ
Ҳ֪Ҫ
ץס˾Ȧ֮˿ţĿǱ׺̧ͷϵܵܰܣǹģȻɱң
ʲôɱ㣿
һ⻰±Щˣһ𾪵Ŀ˵㵽˵ʲôʲôʱɱˣ
ĨһϵĺˮȻŭôĸ˵ղŲºģ
ҰҸղѹûǿȥ֮Źģҵʱأö˶˵ô͵ͺȥˣ¸޹ذ
ҡҡͷ˵Ĳ˵Щʲô
ȻȴǸ˵ĻΪղоˣȷʵԼƨһԼŵºģʱֻһˣ˭
ţŭͱװˣҸղоƨɺһţȻŵºģϸ룬ղų֮⣬𣿳㻹˭ѵǹ
һ⻰ɫºǱüΪѿȻźе˵ŲţղĲߵ㣬ҸҶ췢ģ
һ˵仰ҲǲɵЩΪҲмʱˣҲЩ˽ģɱ㻹ɣɱˣȴûˣ
ȻĻôֻ˭أҸղо˰ҸºİǾԲģ
˵ţ˹ȥһǳһΪʱ˿̣ܵɫȴǱøѿƺ뵽ʲôΪµ顣
ͬʱҲһ±˸ղͰӺзɳһĻ
ֵֻһΣôΪֻĳɺ϶ѣȴѾǷˣôɾͲòûˡ
ѵ⺣ʲôⶫǰǳ׵Ͱ˳ȻϴԼһ
ţֱҪˡ
ʱֻǼΪֵ˵жϡҲж
ʱ˵뷨Ǳһˡ
еµҪϴȥһ뵽ղŰԼºǸڴϣʱֻǷˣţЩΪ²ֹǴжҲжģ
ģ˵⵽ô°ǰ˼ҲûʲôôξôùˣвУطζٴȥˣøϽ뿪УԺҲˣ
ţŲԶͧ˹ȥ
ںµҪȴڴµҪȻκεĶȴ֪ԼһʲôģǸĳطԼ
ȴˣΪûж㣬Ҳûп˿̸ĿѾǱԶͧȥˡ
ЩϧأΪź˵ͧòҲˣҲû취ඣ
˵⻰ǶŲԶ޴˸к
ޣɵͧҪ˺ͧ˵
˸̱ͧ˹ȥ
ۼˣЦӣô׵ģҪǲúýѵһǵĻӾͲոߣ
Ƭ̼ĹޱȻǳ嵽ͧϷˣȻţֻ϶µͧ˹ȥ

һ죬ͧը˿Ȼȫ˺УһĻúедϵĿɿڴ
УΪµȻˣۿͧҪԼˣ˭뵽ᷢһĻأ
ҴӸղŵĳƺʲôľ޴ȥŽͧһӸѹˣȻְͧϽ˺
꣬˰첻ֹǺʹжҲжֱҪ
ָͧܰԼأ˭뵽һһ˲Ĺǳɤϵܺ
ܣԲԣ磬磬ϽȾСܰɣϿСȥɣȻСɾҪ˰
ܵĳƺҲǱµܻȡ
ȻʮֵȴҲ뿴װ˵ҲûôԥæǽϵȥȻкձˣ׼
ղһĻֹǱܺˣϵЩձҲǿˣʱ˿̣˶µҪﻹЩʲô飿
ܺڣҴϱʮ˵ģֻˣȫˡ
ڴϣһë̺һµĿ˵磬ǻô찡⵽ô°
ҡͷҲ֪ô죡ǶԶôĻ£үҪǵˣʮа˾ŵģȫҪﰡ

һ⻰±ǽвУҲһأô
һ⻰ǿЦȥү˵⻰үȻᣬĻ¶ǹˣ
㻹˵ңҸһҲŲʱ䣬أʮ˰ɣҪҲǵһ
ۿܾȻ˵ԼҲǲ
һȻǳʱ˼ֵȤȻһЦſ
ʱԶĺһը˿һΪ޴ĶԺзֱ
䣡
һ죬Ǳҳһ޴ĿϸһƣĶȻ֮ǰ뺣еͧ
ŻûӦʱ򣬲ԶĺϺǴһ
ϸһƣֻ˺֮ǰͧǸˣ£ɫһϲȻæк죬Ѵȥ
ͷɥ˵𣿷ҪģοҪǸ򣿡
ͰȻͧܺʲô϶ǲ׵ķŹǵģҴȻ̣ȴҲˣҪεĻҴǵɢܲɣʱǿ϶Ҳǵˡ
ܿȴˡ
к˼ձ˿ȻŶ˵㶮ʲôѵڻû𣿲⺣ĵʲôûҪɱǣȻĻΪղŻ𣿡
˵ţָźǸƴ˵⺣ĶɱǣôΪ𣿡
⻰ǰһ˵ʲô˼˵ǲˣ
ڿӦɣȻǲ֪⺣ĵʲôǴӸղŵͿ϶ǲСģҲǴľˣҪɱǵĻ϶Ҳ׾ٵˣֱڣǶĺúõģҲ˵ɱǣֻһѵѣ
һĿ˵
˵úãûҾôģ
û𻰣һԵĸȴȿ˿ڣȻ˵ĻҲûļˡ
ǰЩ飬ڶ˵֮صˣ֪һ֪Щ飬ҹ϶ԥĽЩȫɵģϾ飬Ǻǧϵĺ塣
˵ͥй涨ɲͷ˽Ӵ˺ˣµ״ȴһˡ
ţǰҹɱЩˣۿ϶Ҳǲ˵Щʲôġ
ϾǷдȣڶĵؽϣѾǶԼˣۼȻ˶ιϽȨô϶Ҳǻһֻ۱һֻ۵Ĺȥˡ
ټЩ˴඼ձˣǻͳ۸Ӳˡ
ǻ˵ˣȻڶǲˡ˼俴ɾͲôһˣ


544 ֪
˼俴ȻȾҲνȴֻ÷ģǾԲ˵ģ
˵ǰȺһﶼĻ֣ô϶ҲͲȥˣ㰽ҹôǣҲԼĶǺԣǰЩ˶ֻǹ߶ѣĻˣô¿ɾͲŰҹˡ
ϾҪõĽ⣬ǽСûõģøɵԴͷſԣ
ҪŰҹɱһˣҲʮֲĵģֻǽѵһٱˣ֮飬ȻȥɵԴͷˣ
ţͻȻһȻ֮кǳУȻʱ֮ǰЩͨҲǿġ
飬ѾȫĸˣҲ׼ȥｻˣ֮ǰԼбҪһЩϢģһЩһ֪ԼԺ󲻸ˣЩһһĲ
ŲߵһΪƽ̹ľǰͣȻֱľţҪǵע⡣
飬˶Ǵھ״̬£һȻ󣬵ȴһ˲˵⡣
£˵Ŀⶼ˹
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ձǰ࣬Ȼһľ֣վû˵ǲ˵ҲãҲ˵
ղŵĶȻǳɹǵע⣬ȴûдﵽԼԤڵЧҲЩˬƼԶĵиƿ±˹ȥȻǾƿ
壬֮Ϊԭ򣬴˿ҲǱһĴڣƿɾͲһˣȴʵĶ˶Կ
ۿһֻƿͻȻƾյķͺƱһһ˲Ǳɵˣټϸղ飬ǵ±֪ˣղЩµǸڣ˿̾ϣҾǵǰ
ѽ
ۼˣ±Ǻһ䣬һ飬Ȼ˹ȥ
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һ£ٻܱ˵ĹݣǺȴǲһˣЩһﶼ޿ˡ֮ҲͲһˡ
ۿŲˣľţʾͣԼлҪ˵
£ͣȻһֵ̿˹
ʱںһĪɧңĻһͺ˵ȻЩڴˡ
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ʱԶһźǱ˿ȻһȺͻȻȿֺĳ˳һ˲䣬˲ȴסˣȻ˹
ʵǸ㲻ף޶ϴˣΪʲôЩ˻Ҫأ
ʱܵҲ΢΢һȻ֪ղŵô£ȴ֪˿̳ǰģԲֻһĹ
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Ե£̱Щձ˺ιǻŸ𣿻ϽֻҪߣͲ˺ˣ
⻰һڣЩձ˵±ǽͷӶǸͲôܵ˵ǲҲûϵΪš
Ȼܵ˵ʲôǸҲǿԲµе˼ˣһʼЩڴеձˣΪľǸһ棬ǲϣȻҲͲˡ
ޣˣ
˵ţǿһߵϣȻ󵭵ĿŲԶޡ
еձ˶ϳ֮޾һֱһԵȴŸһۿŸ´һ޵±޼ɵĺһ
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һ𣬼ֱ˵ʯ쾪ˣƱһ˵Ķը˿ܺڸǰԶǼ˶µĶڸղЩӴܳģŵȫ̱ڵˣһЩ˾Ȼǵ˹ȥ
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£Щ˲ǶվģվѾιȥͬ˹Ȼ߹
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ô˵ղҲһΣղһĻ뻹Щ²ѣȻûпʲôͧײ뺣еģȴ֪Ǿһ൱ĴһһﻹһĴڣ
ľǰֻһ˲ĹҲǸæӦ˹ȻȻȥ
Ȼ֪ǰЩڹʲôǺʣЩ˿϶ɵӣǲܻƽ޹ʵĶһ¹ôʣ˿̲ԶǸط϶ҲһԼĴˡ
ţҲЩ
ۿ˶ˣǵһЦȻһԵľţ£˲̧ͷȻ˹
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Ÿһս׺ǳ˸ϣս׵ĳ֣Ҳڳ˵ǰ
ۿ֮ǰһֱǵսľǸ¶Ŀ˵ĵǼΪֵĺ
ձֻǾ£Ϊǲ֪˿̳ǰſ׵ĵʲôˣֻʲô飬ȴŵֽű
ȻҲ֪ǰһ׵ĵǺηʥȴȻµ˼֣˿̳ǰģԾǵʹˡ
Ȼһ˻ʲô֮Ĵ˵Ƕֿ˵ȴŲɵģһڵģ⺣һУҲӲ۾
ڵһµʱܾͲµôһˣ֪һΪһиۣû뵽ǣһô磡
˵ЩҲûˣʱ˿ֻ̣ǵȴյˡ
սףı仯Լɤ£ǽɤ任һֺȻ׼е˾ԼôԼ϶ҪһЩˣȻ˵ЩһԺ󻹻ٷġ
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£ǰһȻָǰ˺ȵ֪𣿡
⻰һڣ˵ǰЩˣԼҲǱһΪʵ̫ˣҪΪ֪ԼĻԼҲһļƤˡ
øǣ⻰˵ʱ򣬾ȻǷһֱ仯ƺֱӱû뵽ս׾ȻԷĹܣ
Ҳˣ֮ǰЩЩձδöĻأµǷˣ
⻰Լ˾;ЩˣǰЩ˵ĶУȻǸΪ£е˶Ǳŵɪɪһ˲Ĺε˺ü
֪֪֪ҰɣΰֻҪңұ֤ϾͻصҵĹңȻԶˣԶļ㣡
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һӣ˱ѧǻûιȥģѧ֮ǰǸձ˺Ұڳͬơ
ȻЩ˵ǵĻڸеʱȴǱ˻ĵԣ˵ȻҲս׵Ĺˡ
ۿЩձǹǰݵģȴǸôǣһԵܺ˹ȥ
ձ˻飬Ȼպޣǳպ֮ҲûʲôˣǶǰˣеĲֹǺޣһ޷ı
ձΪʲô޹˼ɵĻٵĵ̬Ϊط˵ʲôҪĶֻһ׬ǮĳˣֻҪ׬Ǯ˭ܻĵ׻ôʱĵĻĵ޿ɾҩĵزƨһ֮ͺˣǮѾ׬ˣ߾£
ձ˻飬޻˵ǲǣΪʲô˻סձȾĵĻأ
Ҫ֪ձڻıȾ֮뿪صǵĹңأǲǻҪڻƬΪʲôǻ޴أ


545 Ǿ
ֻǵΪǮĻôһǲ̫ɱˣ
ţǿʵĹңΪʲôҪȾԼĹأ֪֪ĳͷ
һܵĶУصûϣˡ
ȴһ仰Ҳû˵ֻһĿͷʹأûһͷȻѪ
ĺ棬ΪܵķӦʵЩ̫ЩȲҲֻͣһĿͷͺѾһ㡣
ԣһ϶ʲôģ飬˵ˣһͶ·ôأ
Ȼ뵽⣬ǸһʱȴǲÿѯˣΪµĳʵе㲻̫ʣֻǵȻص˼ʱȥˡ
ҪģǵæԼ֮ǰ;õ飡
ţǻӽָǰ˵һ䣬
ɴүһΰɣ֤ԺҾԲˣ
䣬֮ǰͧǸȴǸæһߺһ߶Ÿͷ
ο϶Ǿһˣ˭뵽ԷȻʳ仰⻰˼ԷƺҲɱǡ
ȻܻĻ˭
ţڳҲ⻰һΨܣԹ˵ĿͷҲӡ֤˸֮ǰе뷨ˣ
һ϶ʲôƲѵɵģ
˵϶ɨһȦȻǺȵȻţôҿǻ뿪뿪֮ǰǵΪһЩ飬ֲ֮ǰĹˣ
˵˵ֻҪԸ飬Сһհ죡
£֮ǰͧǸæ
ţһӦ͵
ۼˣָĴ˵Ҫܼ򵥣ֻҪºȥ֮ǰȥЩͿˣڴĶģʹȥ𣿡
⻰һڣǰЩ˺ЩΪղǸ໰ļһҲͻȻ˵ˣڸЩŭʱһԵǿˡ
ʱܣɫѾǱüΪ
ֻʮﶪȥĻѧҲǧͰˣһǸģ
⻰ΪʲôǰЩһﶼҿˣȻҲģղºʱҲǴ֪˺ͰһҴĻҲϸ߰ʮ˲꣬ȻҲûָЩһѺеȫˡ
֮ôֻΪ˸ǼһĻϰкѾ̯ϴ¶ˡ
Ȼ۲ͥɺͷκεǺԣȴǶԸûʲôˣȻҪ鹦˰ˡ
Ͼʱ仹˼ģȻ˼ô϶ٲҪ˴򽻵ˣҲһˡ
ϸ룬еʱ滹Ǳɶ˰
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⻰ȻǴʮвܵȴˣҲǲˣνġǡȻҲǰˣ
ⲻӦðҴϣ˾ˣΪ鼫ΪƫƧĺ򣬾ΪձҵģĻ¸ܻģģ
ǸˣΪʲôΪʲôԷҪŹأ
뵽ܵǰĸ˹ȥû뵽ǣҲ˹
黹ûнһٴҵģϣ´μʱ㲻ҪٷĴˣ
ۿ˵
ʱ˿̣ȴѱŵһ仰˵ˣãֶֻŸȥ
鵽һɵĲˣ֮飬ȻҲǲҪˣţԼ뿪ˣЩҲǲΥԼղŵģ
£Ų򴬱˹ȥ׼ȥҹϣȻȥ
뺣һ̣ܵˡ
һ⻰΢΢һ㶣Ȼͣת˹ȥ
һӵĿ˭
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һ⻰ЩûشˣϾǰŶͷţ϶ǲԼɨǻֵմˣõƺҲֻжˡ
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ʱǰһûûϵֻҪԼһˣЩһҲ޴ȥ֤
ʲôŲҪҪǵЩһ֪£
ţһŶʱڸԺð˳
ţܵ˶ǾײֻΪǱ̫ԱųֽѵǣǼţǵĻֻһΣǵٷĻɾģ
˵⻰±ԾˮС
ˮһ̣Ȼޱϣʵϵս֮󣬸Űҹڵķȥˡ
ۿǾȻˣ˵±ǸæȻȿֺȴ˹ȥϧǣȴʲôҲû
ѽˣˣСҵøϽ뿪Ҳȥˣ
ʱԶĵطȴǴһ˵Ťͷһʱ㷢֮ǰιȥȻһ˵Żһ߶߶µĽֻ˳
˵һ϶׼һͧˡ
ۼˣкŭ˵˰죬ԭһװΰ
ΣյʱװΣΣչߣôõ飿
ţܵ±ǿ첽˹ȥȻһűϡ
æŲ绰ôҲû뵽ʱľٶû˿ķеֻǱ˳ȥȻ䵽˺С
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ͻһĻ±Щûʱȴǿһŭݵܣ£ǲˡ
ţһεĿܵǡ磬⵽ʲô˼ǲǵһһߣҸ㣡ҾԲܻһߵģҪߵĻ϶ҲǴһߵģǻȻȥɣطʵ̫ˣһӶˣҲˣȻȥ֮Ҿʹְˣʲôҵֻȥˣֻܲܰһ£
ںʻһͨѶ߶޷ʹõģǶ䱸Ƶֻֻֻһһֻߵ˺ôֻܽˡ
ԼѾӦܣͧʱὫһߣӦҲǲ˵Щʲô˰ɣóܸղſǱ˶ҪǸǾ϶ҲӦżҪ뿪Ŷԣ
ΪǣȴҲûıһڻؾ
еżܵ磬ɵ˰Ҫǲҽ뿪Ļû׼ȻǾֻˣʱ߿ɾûô˰ĲҲûϵֻңԼߣ
˵Ż±վȻ֣ʾֻó
Цһ±Ǵ¿ڴͳһֻȻǰ˻εҪ԰ɣ
ǰһæûûϽҰɣҪ뿪Ļҿ϶Ҳǻģô˵ҲһôʱˣôƲ㲻أ
˵Ż±ȥеֻ
Ǻʱͻֻܺһеֻ˲㱻˦˳ȥڿлһ֮еȥ
Ҫ
һ±򴬱˹ȥﴬߵʱȴպÿֻ뺣ĳ档
ֱҪըˡ
عͷһŭĿܵܣҸû꣬Ȼȥ֮һϰ˵µģµĹʱˣ
⻹Щ̰ղŻĵ˵ŵȵȥ֮Ҳˣ˵ҪְһӲĹ˸ղ˵Ļվձϰһߡ
Զڴ˿̵˵Щ鶼ѾҪˣһȻĿҲ̫ˣҸ㣬黹ûأȻǾղֻ˵Ļ֪϶ҲǲŹģڶѾǰˣΪһǮֶҪʼɸղǾˣæĻͰæɣ㲻æĻô͹ԹԴһ߲Ҫ˵ڿʼҪٸҶ˵һϻĻһ̰ӽŵĻԣ
˵ţǵ˹ȥ


546 ҹı֤
ҪǰܸԼ˵Ļ϶úõĽѵһȻҪϰǰС棬ʹʹʲôġ
ȴʲôҲʲôҲ˵ˣ
Ϊ˵⻰ʱȻûʲô飬ֻһģȴһּΪᶨɫ
Ϊɫ±֪ܲڿЦѣҲвԼֻǰĸԼ˸к
ֻҪԼһڣܿ϶ǻὫԼ뺣еģ
һ֮ǰǾģʱ㲻κεľٶˣ
£ֻεĳЦЦȻæ򴬲˹ȥ
Ȼǲѵ㲻ôҪɻǿŶûУ
ţ±ǽ˴ա
ۼˣҲû˵ЩʲôΪҲûָʲôæһȫǿһƤӲߵһģ֮Ҳûʲôˣ෴ģûڵĻԼɻҲǿ˼ˡ
ۿ˵ĶѾԼǰ˵شҶ֪Ҫʲô˰ɣǾ飬ĻһҪ£ȻĻǽ춼ˣ
䣬±һձ˵İɣȻ飬ôһɵģҲǶƬ󺣵Ĳɣ֮һϻȥҵĹңһ̤뻪һˣ
ûһɵģ
ΰһصձһṩģ
һʱ䣬˶Ǹ
ͻһձҲһ羴ĵطǰûмκʱЩձ˶䵽ûҲǱŻ̬ȵģû뵽ڻƬȴǼ
Ȼðȴ󷢴ȱĹǣôܲǸжأ
ۼˣܵҲǸæ˵ͷȻֵȻˣôҾͿʼɻɣ
һʱ䣬ϵǿʼæ
ͬʱҲҹˡ
ҲҲʦղŵʲôѵ㲻֪ɺ˼ķӴ𣿡
մӺ̽ͷҹƺʮֵż
ʵϰҹںֹżֱҪĻϷˣΪֻǴĹȥ̽һЩϢģ˭֪ûøȻֱӶЩǷ˹ҪֱӽԼչЩǰ
ֱ꣬Ҫ鰡
һɸô
ҹֻԶԶĿţѾ˺üѺˣ
ǸȴûʲôȥͰҹˣ±˵ˣЩ·˵ɣǸϽضȥкҪҪĸʣ
Ҫ飿
ҹһ⻰ǰһҲǹ˲ȥȥ֮ǰЩˣæʵʲôҪ飬ǲǶѾˣ
ûͷеҶѾˣⳡ߲ԴͷҲҵˣϸĻ·˵ɣ
˵⻰±Ǳ˺УȻ֮ǰƥ˹ȥۼˣҹҲǸ
Ϻ֮Ųڵķȥˡ
ûãҹ̲סʵʦղ㵽ô°ȻֱӳЩǵǰ֪֪ʮΣյľٶҪǱ֪Ļ϶ٺصĳͷ
ۼŵһЩģҲţҲǸҹ
۵ʥּȻ´еɵģмȿ԰ңҲԲңҼȿѡҲѡأ
ҹһ⻰±ЩʵΪʲô
΢΢һЦ⵱ȻΪҵˣҲһɣҪ˵ĻôӦǰ˰ɣȻҿȥͥҾʱ仹˼ɹģΪһ˼ɹģȻ˼Է˵ݣô϶Ҫķ˽Ӵˣ˵۵ּȻҲκҲˣ
ҹһ⻰űûȻ׸֮ǰΪʲôôˣԭоȻ顣
ţҹСĿʦھЩ룬һ·Ҳţ͸ҽⳡ߲ô°ɣⳡ߲Դͷ
һ⻰±˼ҹ˹ȥһǲ˰
ǲ㽫߰ҹģڻУõ˶˵ϾжڣⰽҹҲǲʲôģһҹµģкЩҡ
Ϊô˵ҲǶԼҵ飬ҹΪľ̫ӣ϶Ҳ֪ȨģĻòƲ̫ðɣ
ţкòעˡ
һ̧ͷŰҹһεģ±̾˿ڻǾҪ߰ҹˣ֮ǰðҹһ֤
Ǻ±ǿ˵ҹǲ֪⵽ôһ£
ҹһ⻰æһ֣صĵ˵ͷûʦ͸Ұɣ
ʵҪҸҲԣȴӦһ飬֪֮һʲôõ飬ֱӸһӦ𣿡
ô򵥣ҹ±ЦȻֵУҴӦˣұ֤֪֮һʲôõ飬һǸһ˰ɣ
ۿŰҹӦôˬ죬ЩĲˣƬ֮ڻǽе鶼˳
ڸЩʱ򣬰ҹɫҲı仯ˣƬ֮󣬰ҹѾһˣ˫ĿͨļֱҪˡ
ȵе֮󣬰ҹͣȻȵУҲܾôȥҲܾŹǣұҪȫɱǣ
˵Щʱ򣬸һֱй۲Űҹһһڰҹͣʱ򣬸ҲͣȻһεĿŰҹ
˰ҹ˵Ļ֮󣬸±ǿڵҹò֮ǰӦҵ˰ɣ
ûҹҡҡͷȻһ˵ʵ̫ˣʦΪǵΪҶʧȥǧĺ壡ķʳ嵹ҲˣҲˣΨ飬ҲϣҲԭǣұҪǸӦеĴۣ
ҾҸղѾ˵ĺ˰ɣһǲµĻıǶֻǹ߶ѣɱҲ޲ģһпܻᴥŭֵۣ𣿵ڶղҲӦÿˣѾǽѵЩˣҲ˳ͷӦڴ̺еأ黹Ȼһɣȵʾĸ˵ɣ
һĿŰҹ˵ҪðҹǸ嶯뷨
ǰҹʱȴѾȥĻˣ±ҡҡͷ˵Уûô˵ģǵĳͷʵ̫ʴˣұҪԴǲУʦ㲻Ҫˣ㻹Ȼȥɣȵ£Ҿͻģ
˵⻰ҹ±һԾȻϸȥֻϺһȻ׼Լıˣ
ʣҹ϶׼ȥɵ֮ǰҴϵˣ
ԽЩ˵ȻԼ̫ˣΪҹ̵ס嶯ڿƺͲôһ°
ҪðҹȥɱҴ˵Ļô¿ɾ̫鷳ˣ
Уζֹ
ţһȻǳС
ۿŰҹϽԽʢ±ǽһͷ˦˳ȥһͷǣԼС
⡭ô£Ϊʲô
ۿԼҪˣʱȴ͵һƱʲôסһ㣬ͬʱϵҲǿٵʧҹ±Ǵʧɫĺ
ȴǸæӦ˹Ȼ±һ˼סԼĶ˹ȥһ˲ĹĿƵ˸С
˸ıʲôأ
ʦʲôſҰ
ҹĶŸ
ͷҹͽܰҲңҲûа취ˣҶĳ嶯֮£Ǳʲô߰ˣԹԵĸһɣ
ҹһ⻰±ЩżвУҲܻȥһҪܻȥʦͷҰɣ
εĿҹ˵㻹ǱˣҿζſģȰ㲻ҪˣԽٶȾԽ죬㻹ǰһɰ
˵⻰ǳķȥˣҹǺƷŷһıסˡ
ҲܣҲܣҪţء
ۿŰҹҪ˵ҲΪֻ֮ҹͶסˡ
Ǻǰˡ


547 Ȼƭң
Ϊİҹȥɱ֮ǰϵЩˣֻһ·ķȥˡ
ȻʱҲûٶ԰ҹʲô̫˺ֻȡ˰ҹϵĲֹ֮ͣˣʱİҹʱڶǲܻˡ
Ϊ˱֤һʧһֱ
˺ôһǵ˶ˡ
Ͱҹĵһۣſڵʱһ˵⵽ô£ôѾ̫ӵӸˣ
Ȼ㵣ȴһ仰Ҳû˵Ϊ˶óסҹĲǱˣʦҲǴͥλֵմ񣬹λֵմ񣬶֮ǰ¹һģǾǲҪʲôҪʲôе˶Ҫһ
ǰ޹˺ˣҲ˵λֵմڶĿǿʮҪ
һ˵Щʲôأ
Ҳ໰ֱӽ˶֮󣬱ӺԾȻһԵԸƥͷչˣ
æģСһչ˺ǵģ
˵ͷŰҹȥˡ
һ·ϣȻǵŮĿ
ء
ʱҹҡӣлһص΢΢һ㶣±ͣȻҹôˣ𣿡
ҹ˼Ȼ۾ԼϿ˹ȥƺǱʾԼлҪ˵
ۼˣһȻ΢һ£ҹǿ˵ˡ
͸ձɿһ˲䣬ҹǴڵĴ˼ȻһĿŸ˵ʦͲܸҵ֮ǰڶҲˣ¶ڶˣҪҸĻҵöûӰԺô찡
ҲҹΪҲû취𣿹ڶ飬а취أҪȥɱЩˣҪˣǵᴥŭۣһҵļƻɺܴӰ죬ֻǰˣ
֮ǰ֮ǰڣѾ˺ܶ࣬ĳ嶯֮ˣѾǵˣҾĵӣҲ˵ǲǣ㻹ǸϽɿɣö˶ڿأ
ҹЩε˵
˰ҹĻ֮󣬸ҲһȻǿܵŮڲͣ߶ţȻǲֱӿǺʣǴ˿̿϶ҲǿһĻˡ
һЩ˼Ͼҹ˵Ҳԣô˵ҲǶľ̫ӣԼﱻ˸òе˵ȥ
Ѿǵ˶ˣǰ治ԶĵطˣĻҩʦô߲أҹ϶Ҳǲˣ
ţ±Ҫҷſ㵹ҲԣȴӦңſ֮Ҫȥĸʣ֮⣬ʲô鶼
ûû⣡ҴӦˣ
ҹæǵͷ˵
ۼˣŽ˻
ôʱ䣬ҹʧ˵ҲޱȵʹҲǣҪ֪ıһϹʣıԼҪʮֹˣҲˡ
ջ֮󣬸ֶŰҹں˰ɣ˾߰ɣ
˵⻰±Ǽǰ˳ȥ
ȵȵȵȡ
ʱҹǽ
һ⻰Ǻת˵ʲô
ǡǸղű̫ˣе㲻ѣȵңϾͺˣȻҲߣ
ҹһ˵Żһ߻ӡ
ȻѾڶˣҹδظЩʲôǸʼջЩĲ£˵±ҡҡͷˣһɣʲôʱˣһȥɣ
ǺðɣһϾͺˣ
˵⻰ʱ򣬰ҹкһ˿ʧ
˼ҹ±ˣھȥʰɣ
ۼˣŷ˵ͷ֮תǰ˹ȥʱȰ氽ҹͽܰҲʦ㰡ʵΪ˴̫ڳ嶯ЩΪʦҲΪð
˵⻰ʱ򣬸뵽֮ǰʦɨǺԼ˵±ǲɵЦΪͻȻ䷢֣ȻǺɨһ޶ˡ
ǺʱͻȻһӱסˣһܲõԤͻȻӿͷ
ΪͻȻǱЩ
Ҳһòỹܵ˰ɣ
ţ±Ǹæعͷȥպñ㿴ҹӰʧ˹սǴ
ҲȻƭң
ǧûܷסҹһ־ŭҪıһȥɱҴϵ˵Ļô¶ɾ鷳˰
һôôʡأ
ŭһ䣬Ÿæ׷˳ȥ
ſڵʱ򣬰ҹ±ǸæԵǷԸţ²ʲô˳һҪ̫Ȼ̫ӾĲǣ
˵⻰ЩӦҹǰ˳ȥ
֮󣬰ҹһԾȻǷһ⣬ȻҪˡ
ͻһĻ˲ſڵЩӦˣղֵմλ̫ӸŴ֮УôżӲĹ̫ӾȻ˳һԸôһ仰⵽ʲô˼ѵ׷
ţ±˹ȥȻԶĻһӰſ˹
£һǾеı
죬˳ˣϽס
ţԴȴǰһƣȻֻһŭҲ˭𣿡
Դϰһƣ˽ѵһ䣬ȻҲޱȵŭŭŭ»ϸſڱ˹ȥ
£ǿˣ
һ˲ĹȴǸæԼи߾ٵı˻ȥȻװʲô¶ûģ
Ϊ˿ſĲǱˣǾ̫ӵʦҲǱΪ͵ֵմˣ
£ЩȴЩΪΪǲ֪ҪҪס
ɣУֵմǾ̫ӵʦǶĹ֮ͣǰѾǽˣֵմκε󣬶Ҫ𣿵ʱǼ϶ûкùӳˡ
ôɣòҲУϾǾ̫ӷԸ鰡
ȻֵմеĹͣʼҲֻһ˶ѣû׼סϼ뿪ˣ̫ӿɲһ̫ӿС˰
ֵմǿܻܵĴӦֻһԵģȵֵմ뿪֮󣬻˭ǵ飿
Ҫǵ˾̫ӣǿɾ군ˣϾǿÿ춼Ҫ;̫Ӽģһ̫ļǳĻôԺӵûˣ
ȻЩµģµǣ˶أ
ϾֵմѾǰҹʦˣĳ̶ֳ˵̫ҲһˣҲ˵֮ǳʲô¶ҲԼҵˡ
飬ЩǿԲģ
Ȼֻһ裬ǲһһһҪĻôҪͷΪˣ
ţЩǵ±ԽΪ
һҪסȻ̫һĹǵģ
ʱҹ⻰һڣЩǵ±ǸΪҲ֪Ǻá
Ƭ֮һ˵ֵǣ¶ЩѰˣһ̫үһ̫үʦֵմǲôǻ˵ģҪû׼ǣү׸Ǻأ
Ҫɣﵹһǰ취İ취ǲ֪ܲеͨˣ
ʱһǿ˵
Ѿû취ˣЩҲûˣ±æ˵
ۼˣ˵ȻߵǶܵôǾһϷˣþֵ̫֪մҲֵմ֪Ǹû
Īһ±˵Ϳ⵽ʲô˼
û취ֻǿٵĽһ飬£׹ˡ
ţȻǱſˣԶĿԶĵط㰵һˣϾˮУζܻ׷ϰҹģһҹĻɹôϵЩ˿ǶҪˣ
ţǼӿ˲
ǺʱֻԶĴſڣԵȴǶΧлֵմ
үҹ
żйЩ˵±һ䣬Ȼ׼Ӳȥ
ϰϣʹ
ʹˣ
ͷͷҵĹͷˣ
ڸ׼ӲȥֹҹʱǰͻȻһĻʱЩӦˡ


548 
ۿһȺҪֹԼҲî˾׼ȥģû뵽ǣԼûЩأЩȻߵԼڵˣɷµĺ
ҪΪĻпܻЩɵˡ
ºԲô°
Ҳǹ˲ڿЩ¶ˣûãʡ˲ٵ鷳ǵ£ǿ첽˳ȥҲûЩһۡ
ȵӰʧǰʱЩ¶οı顣
ǰ취İ취Чأ
ȻֻϷѣһĻ˾̫ӽ飬ֲֵմϸ룬ƺûбõİ취ˣ
ͬʱȻҲǳı󷨣ҹ˿̾ǰʱİҹѾǿʼˣҲͻȻǵ˰֮Ϊ֮ǰȡĹϵҹٶ
ۿŸѾ׷ˣҹ±һţǹ˲ʲôˣʹǰȥҪѸ
ҲˣҪ֪ǰҹʦʦ˵ͽܲҲˣȻƭԼ˵ô°
Ҳʦ
Сʵ̫ˣѵа
ţҲǲˣһ˦㽫һͷ˳ȥһͷԼģһ˲Ĺһҹ˹ȥ
ҹûüһ䣬±Ǳסӣ˿ҲˣǣȻڼϵ
ʦſңҳȥǼ°ɣ
ҹŸ
ǸĻ±˵ҹڿʼҲ˵һ仰ˣҪȥĸʣֻҪ㽻ϣҲ͸޹ˣ֮㰮ʲôǶԼˣҾԲ赲ˣ
ҹһ⻰סˣкӿһ˿ԤУΪ⻰òôЩŹְɣ
ţҹһɢֻ֮ǻ˵ģȻϵҲǸ仯ȻСˣȴûа
ʦ㡭˵⻰ʲô˼ʲôҵ޹أҵʦҵôܸ޹أ
˿ܽҪ֮󣬰ҹ±Ҳˡ
Ц̫˵ЦˣҼȹܲס㣬ҲҵĻôʦأȻ˶ҾͰѻ˵ף˵ʵûΪͽ

ҹһ⻰±ЩżҪ֪ʦ֮²췢飬˶֪ˣΪף飬ĸ¸֪ĺԼе
ǸȴͻȻΪͽˣϢҪǴȥĻǵöඪ˰
Ҫǣĸ֮ԻλֵմΪʦΪǶԺǰ;㣬һֵմҪĲΪͽĻôԺıض⵽ܴĽѣԼ϶ҲҪĸʸúýѵһˣ
ţҹ˿ﻹ
ȻҹЩ涪ҺĶ߲࣬ǱҹȴǸںʽ飬ͨʱദҹλʦЩĿ࿴һʦͽϵǱȽϲµʦѰĹϵ
֣˵µʱ򣬰ҹﻹˣ±Ϊż
ţҹ±Ǹæʦʦ𰡣˭˵ܲˣ˭˵ҲĻˣȻǹܵҵģҲǿ϶Ļİ
ŶǸղŵôͣ
˵ţҹ˹ȥ
νղŵ£ʾԼ׼ȥɵЩ˵ˣ⻰ҹʱҲƿˣΪ¶òƻûʲôԽ͵ˡ
ϸ룬ʵҲǴԼģΪݸ˵֮ǰЩǲĻ֣ĻˣЩ˶ֻǹ߰ˣɱǵĻǵûκεôݾߣڸһƻɺܴӰ졣
ȻҪľһɱôෲ˵Ļۿ϶ǻ֪ģʱǶ̫ӣҲӲȥģ
֮ǰռͷҹһʱҲûпǵô飬ʱϸһ룬ƺôһԼһʱ嶯ɱЩ˵Ļɶôصĺ
ۿ϶ǻ֪ģȻǷдȣһɱһķˣ۾ǲ׷ˡ
߾ǹ飬ƺѾƶ˳׽µļƻЩǾǼƻеһ֣Ҫƻ׵Ľⳡ߲ЩҲǱزٵģһԼɱǣô֮ǰƺõļƻ϶ҲҪˣɲҪ
ȻǹڰʦˣʣֻҪɱЩˣôλʦ֮ʦͽϵ϶Ҳǻ᳹׵ˣɵֱӺǶԺһܴĽѣĸ׶Ҳ赲
ͨе飬ҹеĺ⵱ҲƽţͻȻЩмλʦ
ʦͽ֪ˣͽ֤ԺҲ᷸ˣͽһΰɣ
ҹ˵ţ±׼ͷǽȴЩΪȻǱĲסӣ˿Ҳá
ȻҹѾǳ˴󣬵Ǹȴ֪һﵽ֪˻ǼװϵģϾղţйһεǰ֮ˣ
Ե£ǿ˵ҹҲ¸㣬ʵһֱһ鷳ˣͽ֮֮ǰûпǹҪǸƵĻһΪͽģ˵ҲûˣΪѾҵͽˣȻ㺰һʦôҾͱҪ㸺𣬵ȥĻôҾҸûа취㸺ģΪʵ̫嶯ˣҸû㣬ȻѾ˴ôҾٸһλɣεҾ͵ûһεĻôͱˣ
Ÿһģҹ֪ԴǼΪģԼĻشȻҲǲˣ
ţҹ±ޱȼᶨĵ˵ͷȻһ֣ص˵ͽסˣֻһΣٷ
˵ȻҲ޻˵ˣ漴Ҳֻǵ˵ͷȻ˽ȥֻ˻֣סҹ±˿ȻֻصС
ҲǲٵİҹܵˣΪղѾǰѻ˵ĺˣҹȻǾҪȥɱЩ˵ĻôҲˣȴҲףҹǾԲġ
ϾȻеʱǳ嶯һЩɵأǷֵġ
Ȼػ֮󣬰ҹûôԥıֱ׷˸Ȼ˵Ц
һĻǿſڵĿɿڴôҲ㲻ôղǰ׷ϵģͻȻˣ
ͬʱҲǲɵð֮ǰûʲô£Ȼָ군ˡ
֮󣬸±ǺͰҹһķȥˣϾ黹ǵþⶫС
ʱˣԶı㿴ҩʦһʲô顣
԰ҹ˵ҹȻ»㸸ʰɣǧ˵𣿡
ЩģⰽҹԼҪУһҪĻôⶫָǻըˣʱû׼Ļһˮͳˡ
ڰҹ޻ƷǶⶫȴһ취ҲûˣΪı¿̫ˣҪҲղŵİҹһӦĻôΪˣ
˵Ҫ齲ҪܴԼɵġ
ȻⷽǺ죬Ҳûʲô飬Լôû飬ҲҪȰҹõöˣڵĻû׼һ仰ܰѶŭˡ
飬򶼲뿴ġ
ʵϰҹҲûдҪԽĸʣϾһϲ£ֻһ֮ı֮°ˣ飬ԼҲЩ޷ڵġ
Ե£ҲûıӦ
ţԶĶҩʦҲǿ˸ͰҹԶıվ
Ҫ˵ⶫǵʮֵĸûʣ˼Ĺ˵Ȼǿֹģϧǣʵ̫ЩǴſڵҩʦߣһǧ׵ľˣߵĶøЩˡ
Ӻ󣬸ǵǰˡ
ȴǲûдҪ̽߶ҩʦΪ֮ǰ֪ҩʦûа취ʱĽⳡߡ
Ͼναİ취һͿɵģ֮ǰȻǵҩʦõĽҩˡ
ɶⳡ߲ĸԭǻѧȾѵ⻯ѧȾҲǿԽ
Щȷˡ


549 ˮͳ
ûȶҩʦڣ±Ǹæʵôⳡ߲Ľҩ𣿡
һ⻰еҲǲɵЩжΪҪϸ˵ĻʵǺ͸ûʲô̫ĹϵģֻΪһҩʦģģȻҲʮֵĵģܲжأ
ţ㵱±Ц˵ˣⳡ߲ҩʦѾ˽ⶾķӣ͵ƽҩˣ
ۼˣ˿˵нҩͺãнҩĻʱĽˣԼҲʱȥαˡ
ʱҩʦüͷ˵ȻҿƳⶾҩʼֻα겻αķӣǲҵ߲ĸԴĻԶ޷ģȻѾЯ㹻ҩģԶԶģⳡ߲һֱȥĻôҲ޿κˣ
⻰㵱ҲüͷΪҩʦ˵ĻһֱΪĵ飬ֻǵĽⶾĻûȶģΨҵⳡ߲ԴͷҽԴͷȶΨһ취
⻰˵ףǿ൱ˣϾⶫĺʵ̫ˣ˭֪Դͷأ
ԴĻѾҵˣ
ʱһȴǺ˲ðҩʦΪ
̧ͷһ˵˾Ȼǰҹ
ҩʦһ˼ʵš̫ӣ˵Ŀģ
һԵİ㵱ҲǼΪ𾪵Ŀҹ⵽ô£ѵҵⳡ߲Դͷ𣿡
ȿȣ
ۿŰҹ׼˵Щʲôʱ򣬸
һʱ䣬ҹ±ǸæӦ˹Ȼ԰˵ظʣ¶ҲЩ˽⣬Ϊ¶ǺֵģǺʦֵģҪʲôĻȥɣ
ҹĻҩʦһ𾪵˹
ҩʦ⵽ô£Ͽ˵˵
Ҳæ⵽ô°﷢Դͷģ
ŰҩʦʣȴǲżشˣǶŰ˵ȱżȱ裬ƽһ˵ɣ
Դ˰ҹ͸֪ⳡ߲Դͷ֮󣬰ͻȻͱļΪ˷˫۶ð˾⣬ʱﻹҸû׼֮Ҫȥɱˣ㲻ǰҹҲסġ
£ֻǵŰƽ֮˵ˡ
˸Ļ֮󣬰㵱ҲǷӦ˹æͿˣǺͿˣһ·϶ҲǿˣͲϲ
˵Ż㵱±Ǵȵˣ
䣬±ŮԱߵ˳
μ
ǰ֮Ů±ǰȥ
ŸʲôϽϲ裡
۾˵
ôһɣŮʱҲЩæ׼ȥݲˡ
ʱæֵ鷳һȥĲˮ
һ⻰±ЦȻЩ٩˵ô⻹ϻˣѵû˯õԵ𣿡
⻰лȻҲöˣ˵Ŀ϶ǹˮõˣԴˣȴֻһЦδ˵Щʲô
һԵİҹȴ׹ˣʣȥĲˮһΪĸ׼ˣֻһˮȴοϨŭġ
뵽ʱ򣬰ҹɵҲǵΪĸʿɲҪǷŭĻôɾǾ춯ˡ
Ůȥ֮󣬰㵱˸ƣȻ͸ҩʦڰҹվһԡ
֮󣬰㵱±̲סڵ⵽ôһ£ķɶⳡ߲Դͷ𣿡
Ѿ޷ȥˣ±ֻǵ˵ͷûȷʵⳡ߲Դͷ
һ⻰±ǸΪ˷æ˵˵Դͷ
Ŷһ˷ܵģǲɵ̾˿˵ɣԼҪȰĻȰȰĻҲû취ˣֵزҲûȥˡ
ʽ֮ǰΪŵĿ򰽹ҿԸ㣬֮ǰϣܴӦһ£
ţ
һʱ䣬סˣΪ֪⵽ʲô˼ͻȻðôһĪĻ
ǸæӦ˹Ȼŵҵ˶߲ԴͷҶľˣ˵һˣʮټ϶ҲǴӦģ˵ɣ
һЦȻ˵ʵҵҪܼ򵥣ϣ֮Ҫ̫ˣ
ʲôô𣿹Ϊʲô¶أûû⣬ӦˣҪ˵Ļ֮ǰѾˣҲѾˣҪǳ׵Ľⳡ߲İɣ϶ǲģ
ЦĿŸ˵
֮ǰʼִ֮󣬰ȷʵǺµѾˣǾĽ飬߲ԴͷѾҵˣԴͷ֮󣬶߲Ҳǳ׵ʧˣﻹأ
갽Ļ֮󣬸ǷˣϾⶫı֤ǱȰҹı֤зˡ
ţû˿ԥǽе鶼˵˳Ȼ˵Щʱ򣬸ȴǿ鲢򵥵飬ǿ֮ǰһЩ˵Ļڹ֮ĺԼǵĴ
ˣǱԽԽѿȵе󣬰˫ĿѾǿʼѪˣһĻ˵ǸҩʦˣҹҲǱһΪ֮ǰûпĸʻ˵ŭοˡ
һʱ䣬е˶ǲ˵һ仰ˣֻʣ°صĴϢˡ
ʱԶĵطӰϸһƣǱһΪ˿̹ĲǱˣ֮ǰΪݲŮ˿һ˹
ô粻ģƫƫʱˣҪ֪ͷأһǨŭô죿
طͺñȻĹŴĻʹеĹҲǺ͹ŴʹеĹزģⶫȨȻҲǺ˼ĵһ޶ˡ
ⶫ˵ɱȨҪŮ˭˵Щʲôأ
ȻȴûнôأֻǵЩİԴǨŭǰˡ
׼һԵİҹкֹЩŮʱ򣬰ȴǺˣһǶڵġ
ΪʲôΪʲôķҪ˶ҶǲɱҶ壬ǣǲҲǣ½ǲǣΪʲôΪʲôҪ˴ҶҶʲôҪ˴Ľѣ⵽Ϊʲô
һ仰㼸ǺģһϮûѸѬιȥˣˣȴǱһģ
ȻϵޱȣǴ˿ȴޱȵĽ
ʱͻȻЩɣⶫǲǰԼҲЩȾ˸һˣȻΪʲôҪأ
Ҫ֪ⶫ˺ԼĻû׼·ˡ
һָֻű⵽һô鰡
Ը㣬һֺܽšܽšܽŵ飬֮໹һ˿̼Ϊ㲻֪һ᲻һǧ׳צ
˵⻰ȻǴ˼ǸΪΨһ˽ȫ龭ˣ϶ҲǵûشˣǴ˿̣ȴ޻˵ˣΪְ˵Ķԣûа취
ˣȻܷĻôȰȰɣȰ£Լġ
ţ±׼ˡ
ûڵʱ򣬰ȴǺԵ˵
Բԣҡҡͷ˭˵ҶûҶǴˣҶʹһֱڷ̫ڷˣΪҶŻнĽѣĴ󣬲ٳȥˣ
˵ţЦ
ЦмŷŭΣȴԹޡ
ͼѾǺˣѾǾҪ˼ˡ
ʱҩʦ϶ǲ˵ЩʲôˣϾֻһҽֻβˣⷽȴΪˣⰽµģʵ̫ˣɲȥüͷ
ڰҹҲǵͷ˳üվһԣʲôҲ˵
Ψһʣµģֻиˣ֪³ԼӦûٸȰˣҰ㻰е˼ѾǱĺˣһһˮͳصģ飬ζҪֹģ
ţ׳ŵӿˡ
Ҳ̫ˣȻ·ȷʵдȣǺѾǻ˰ǻڴź׵ν֪ܸĪɣԭһΰɣҪĻȽ߲鰡
Ȼʱ˿̣ﻹĽĻأ
ֻ±һŭĿ֮ǰЩ˵ģ
⻰кһȻ󰵵һˣ


550 ϺͿĹة
ʣ⻰˼Ȼ׼ȥ֮ǰЩȥˡ
Ҫıҵ˵ĻЩﻹڣ
Ե£ǸæҡҡͷҶԶ̫ϤҲ֪ղ﷢ǵģʵ¸ģ˵ҡ
˵֮ǰ﷢Щ˵ģ
û˵꣬ͻȻǱˣţһԵİҹ˹ȥ
ҹ±һ㶣û뵽ôԼˣһ̧ͷ˲ǿһŭݵĶͳԼ΢΢ҡͷĸ
˵ȻǶ𣬰ҹȻҲǱشˣϾλǱˣĸףǡ
һһԵĸҹЩԥ
ţк뵽ԼղһУʱͬĸһŭ𣿲ŭ֮飬֪ûκεôģпܻᱻ۴
ͬǣԼŭʱиѹԼĸҪǷŭ˵Ļôⶫûκѹˡ
֮ǰЩ˵ķλЩ˱ضǻģһĻζļƻ϶ֵˣĸҲǲԸ⿴鷢İɣ
Ȼޱȵķŭκ˵Ȱ棬Ƿŭ϶ҲǻΪģ
ţҹſ˵ظʣΪ֮ǰЩĻᱻǷ֣ԺһֱǱˮеģδȥҲ޷ȷ֮ǰķλ
ҹô˵±˿
ͬʱȴüͷΪ⻰ƭƭ˻УҪƭĻȴǲˣҪ֪ⰽҹĶӣ壬Ϊ谮ҹĹϵ֮ǰһֱûҹ֮ʱǻһȺϺзȥ棬飬ѾǳǧˣµЩϺзǶѾǻ˼ʮˡ
˵ⶫ˽̶ȵĻ˹ة֮⣬ûκ˿ԱȵˣԺʣ϶˵ˡ
ˣ㵱ȴҲǲ˵ЩʲôˣΪûǣﻹء
û˸ҲûϵҪ֪Ƕѵס
ţ㵱±Ǻȵة࣡
䣬ԶһȴǺ±˸ҩʦ⣬ڸҩʦΪ𾪵ĿУֻȻͻȻ֫ԴȻҡҡλε˹ߵʱ򻹲Ǵ˼Ƿ
˵Ȼǹةˣ
ôҲû뵽ةԭһֱߵģ֮ǰлЩ棬Ͼ߲ڶ˵϶ͷȴˣôⶫĹة໹ȱϯأ
˰죬ԭԼ˰ةһֱﰡ
¶ͰҹȴǼֲˣȻǶѾϰΪˡ
òߵǰҩʦһ㵵ĿԼة൱±ЦЦ˵λĪҪ֣Ϸʵ̫ˣһϰ״˯֮ǰҪЩǶûŹȥһᣬλ˲Ҫְ
⻰æǻعȻһЦĿŹة˵ة˵ﻰʵŸսҪĵطأҲǸոպˣ
ۿȰס㣬ȻΪż˭뵽·ȴͻȻɱһةࡣ
ݸ֪ΨһȰסⰽģҲֻλةˣԴ˿ֱ̣ҪԴˡ
һԵҩʦû뵽ôֻ࣬ǳòĺ͹ة˸к
ţة׼򰽹ʩ
ǾʱȴǺܲͷİ˰ֵˣˣǸղ˵Ӧö˰ɣ
ιةû˵ֻǵĵ˵ͷ
ܺã˵ͷȻѾȫ֪ˣôҲͲ˵Щʲôˣڿȥټпõĺ壬Ѱ֮ǰЩˣҵ֪֮ͨõ󣡡
⻰˵ļΪڸûκλ͵ˣĳжĻôҵ֮ǰЩ˻Ƿַӵ飿
ΨһϣڹةˣֻҪȰ谽㣬û׼ĻĻҲ˵ˡ
ţһεة˹ȥ
飬ȴøЩûˡ
Ϊ˰ķԸ֮ةಢûκҪȰ˼˵ϳ
Ҳ
ϳ
ڹ굽ôİ˵ǺųƶѧôǷͿˣҪöɱЩˣйеŭ֮⻹ʲôô
֮пܻ۵ˣô򵥵ĵǸ˶ףôة벻أѵϺͿˣ
ţ±׼һةˣǺʱĿһԶı㿴һԵİҹԼ΢΢ҡҡͷƺʾҪ
֣ΪŰҹ϶վԼһߵģϾҲҪˣ϶ǲʲô˼ˣʲô˼أ
ѵбʲôת
뵽ʱ򣬸Ҳǲˡ
ţ֮ǰݲŮҲڹˣ˿ЩŵգǵҲΪҲû취Ե£ֻӲͷƤ
ʱһҪȥĹةȴǺͣȻֻ˵รв谡պϷҲЩˣȺȱ߰ɣ
˵ŻҲһԵİǷͬ⣬ǸæߵһԵλ
ǳһ£ɫҲԽѿȴһ仰Ҳû˵
ۼˣҩʦȴǲɵΪλة˰ѺǰŸմӦҪȥˣȴǲܲ˵º˲ˮةһ򵥵ﰡ
Ҳʱװҹղҡͷ˼ˣԣҲ֪ة϶ǻʱģ
ʱ˿̣ة񣬲ɵҲǶ˼ɫ֮ǰة϶ϺͿ˲ŻӦ飬ڿƺô°ةȻϿͿȴһҲͿ
ʱ򣬰ҹȴҲЦΪ֪λةΨһԴʵˣҼÿζЧģƫƫĸȴǲô
Ϊ˭֪ةΪֻΪ˶ǰȰ飬֤ʵǲе飬ֱǶһ󱦣ԼΪİҲġ
£ةĳķʽԼȰ裬ϾλͥĿ˵ģֱӽȰĻð޹⣬Թةѡַʽ
νĺȲ裬ֻǸպ˵ѣûЩŮĲ裬ة϶Ҳǻӵġ
Ը飬ةӦˣʹû氽˼ڴӦ֮ʲôʱȥ죬ǾԼˣޱȣҲ˶֪飬˭ֵܹ
һʱ䣬еպǻΨǰ㻹һŭ⣬ɵĺǵŮҲǱŵòᡣ
ȿͺĹأŮǵ±ȸҩʦ˲裬һ˵һͲ裬ҲǷֹȷˣˮ͵еʱ򣬸ԸоŮеĽš
ǵݹĲĲ豭ϾͿĳˡ
ڳ֮У˸ҩʦ͹ةŵ֮⣬ҹͰ㶼վŵģҹһȻվڲԶĵطɾЩˡ
ҲˣЩŮ׼򰽹㾴ʱ򣬸ƺԿǶͷϸܵĺˡ
˭óںһһԴղŸ˵Щ֮󣬰һ˫ĿʼնǱųѪ״̬ͷ֮ϸ˭ҲȥŮͬǵø㾴谡Ͼⰽⶫˣֻ˾˾ģ
Ե£һŮһսս򰽹˹ȥ
ʱ˿̣˶ǲɵΪһѺ
ү롭Ȳ裡
˵ŻŮŽеĲˮ˹ȥ
ͷϣƫƫļ˶ǼΪҪȻҲûǷˣŮȴǲͬˣ֣ЩŮǼΪͼĴڣǳǷ˻˭ָ˵Щʲô
Ұɣͺһʱ׼緢ĻɽûãǵôֻϵùˣҺԣŮùˡ
£ŭĿԲĺȵʲô裬ҹ
һŭĺǳ⣬֮ǸѾ׼ȴǱһ򰽹㾴Ů͸˵ˣȻŵһ̱˵ϣеĲˮҲǾõ˰ϡ
һĻ˲˵һΪĹةҲˣΪ֪ҪɱˣŮǻˡ
˿̣֮ǰŮѾǱŵĻʧɫˣֻ±Ǹæ˵ϣȻߵū澡ū֪ˣүūһ
ȻӦģȴһһһĺǳ
Ȼ֪ˣôȥɣ


551 Ī
Ȼ֪Ҳ֪Ǹˮ򷭵˰ϵŮ϶Ű𷣣ǸôҲû뵽ⰽȻһŭ֮±Ҫɱˣ
˵ڶڰĵ̣ʲôԼǹܲ˵ģҪ֪ղȲĿԼ
ҪûиղǾ仰ĻôŮ϶Ҳǲˣܵ˵Ļʼջˡ
㣬ۿŰצŮȥʱ򣬸±Ҳûıһס֣
һ˲ǳֵǸŮǰ漴۵ģǰǽצ
ͻһĻ±˶ΪةǾһӽԼеĲˮˡ
Ҳʱ˲Ҳǳһ亹ղʱûп̫࣬ȴǲɵЩΪֻⰽȻҲǷӦˣеĶȴͣġ
ģ׼Ҫ
ȻԼ壬Ǹľ飬ܵκ˺Ļô˼Ҳǻ̶ܵͬȵ˺ģҪ˰һƣֺֹô򵥵飿
㲻ĻɣϾǴ޽ɼĶ
ţбһţһʱ䵹ҲȥռˣҲʱкӿһֵ뷨ҪܰѰ㵽ĵطȥͺˡ
ʣղžǱűɱ֮ĻӳһƵģϾֻһŮѣˣŭ˶㶼㲻˭ƫƫʱײǹġ
û뵽ʱ򣬾ǧһ֮ʣȻһӵǸŮǰȻѾǷӦˣҲǳһеĶȴͣˡ
ʢŭ֮µıɱһ˵ͣͣģ
¿Ҫ군ˡ
ۿԼһƾҪĵͷϣ㲻ҲҪʱ򣬸ͻȻǴǰʧˣʵϲֹǸ֮ǰǸŮҲͻȻʧˡ
һȥ˲˸ա
ͻһĻ±ðЩӦˣţȴǷЦ
ղŷһĻ󣬰ЩľѣҪ֪ͥɣ鱦һĵӣǳ˰ҹʦҪĻô鷳ɾʹˣҰǧһ֮Ȼӵˣ⻹ǲеҰ
ţ㵱±Цű̧ͷ̧һ˲䣬㵱סˡ
⡭⵽ҡΪʲô
ǰһĻ㼸ѾЩ״ˡ
ôҲû뵽ղԼڶģôһĹĪĵطˣ
ʱ˿̣һ˿Ϥģȡ֮ģһƬ޷ݵ硣
֮޷ݣֻΪƬʵ̫ˣеһһУ֪ͬȻġľȻ̵ģǰ㻹ǲǲκһ֪磡
ָоǾԲģ
ﲻеκһĻôֻأ
һ뵽㵱±ǸΪɻ
ԣ¾ԲǿʱˣҪģǵøϽ뿪ô˵Ҳ˼ˣ֮սҲǰˣʲôû˵ǲʲôδ˵ġ
ƫƫ˿̳ǰһĻǰδģ˵ûС
ܴⷽ󣬴޷ĵزƬǻ˺ƴ˾סһ㣬˾סǲԶһǴӺζģ
˵Ƭȷʵ˾סģ˵֮ǰȷʵ˾סģ
ǡԼôһƬģô붼԰֮ǰԼڶģôһĹ͵ˣ
Ҫ֪ΪȻǴﵽ˴޽ɼҪɫĽԼһطתƵһطֱǲܵ飡
׼ʥʥ˼Ĵ֮С
ȵȡ
ʱҹһ㶣ΪͻȻ뵽֮ǰһĻ˰죬ԭǸǸŮʧˣԼͻȻʧ˰
ҪĻôʣеһп϶ǸĹˣԼĪģ
ôأ
Ҫ֪ȻҲɣȴûɸеʵ֮ǰܰҹҲķû෨ĻԲܻǰҹĶֵģ
Ҫ飬ȱ׼ʥʥ˲Уλ취ͨδ֪磬òϰ
ţ㵱±ǸΪɻ
ţ㵱»ǷӦ˹ҪĻǵĸϿ뿪뿪֮֮ȥҸʸͺˣ
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һ㵱¸ȷ֮ǰ뷨Ǿ֮ǰȷʵ˾סģԶ鲼ĴССķݣ˵ˡ
ҲѿƬӦҲǺ˼ķһ޶
ⷽûʲôȤΨһǸϽ뿪ľҲֻһɨˣֻûڳһĶ
ϧǣڿз˺һ֮󣬰ûҵκڳڵĵطһ·ķоȻһĺڵԪҲһ롣
ֱǰδе鰡ֻǷ˲һʱĹ򣬾Ȼ˵ķӦҲ֪ΪΣȻǲֱӴⷽвĵԪ
⵽ʲôط
˲ͷϵĺˮε˵ⶼ˰ˣҲûҵȥĳڣôΨһõİ취ҲֻǴⷽȻȥˣϾڰ㿴ν粢һ磬ֻǱĳطսֵжѣֻҪĻȻҲǿԳȥˡ
֮֮ǰôԭֻΪƬռӵɺص˺£Ҳǹ˲ôˣϾʵ̫ˣǲȥˡ
ţ㵱ǿʼŰһ𣬰ºǱһĿĽ⣬ɢ֮󣬰ȻǻһԼǧɵצ
˷λ֮󣬰Żζž޴ײ˹ȥ
һϹ޺ԣΪȻ˵̬Ǳ̬ˣ˵ֻ̬Ϊ˵ۺͷһЩˣ浽Ҫսʱ򣬻ǵÿıС
޴ޱȺƴ֮ƿ֮ڶ׼ֱ˺һȻȥ
Ͼڰ㿴ⷽȻޱȵĹ޴󣬵ʼնһʵ磬ӦҲһڴռһˣȻˣô϶ҲƵĿġ
䣡
Ȼȷɵ׵ĸ߿֮ʱȻײʲôһȻ졣
ֻҪôͿԳȥˣ
ţ˿漴׼طˡ
ǺʱһԤȴǺ˰ͷȻвɵòһ£ָоҹѾܶδйˡ
ʱһΣٵʾһָоôʣصʱˣ
ô£ΪʲôͻȻĸоѵʲôΣ𣿵ôأﲻһô˴أ
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һ˲䣬ǱһȻ뵽Լ¿ܻʲôֵĶǰֵһĻҲʵ̫ھ˰ɣ
ǰֻƣѾôˣȫѾǳԽ˴ˣֻǰǧɵȻֻǸպñһնѡ
ֻһƾôˣһıָж󰡣
ͬʱ㵱ҲǸæӦ˹Ȼβһڱһ߷˹ȥȻ֪ⶫʲôǺʣԲʲôöˣǲҪĺá
Ǻʱǰ治Զĵطǳһֻ޴ƣɨǧƵ򰽹ɨ˹ģһ޷ѹ
ѹȻðһʱЩ޷ֻǾ޴ץ˹
ʱֱǼĻðˣôҲû뵽ȻһȻ޽ɵΪᱻѹƵ޷⵽ôĴڰ
׼ʥһΪҲɣ
Ǳ͵ⷽģôҲ˵ⷽ϶Ǻ͸ܲɷֵĹϵˣͬģȻҲˣ
ʱˣԼ̫СˣʵݣԲԼô򵥵ģ
룬ӵд޽ΪԼǿ׾ٵĸɵģˣǽһ˻أ
գۼĹǾ޴Ѿץ˰û˿ԥ±Ǿķȥˡ
ɢ֮󣬰ǿһŴݵͣһصͣﳤ絶ݡ
£ɫ˲һ䣬һӣ


552 
һеһУôͻȻֽôͻȻȵٴ۾ʱǰһкЩӦˡ
˿̵ȻǱǰצƣԶĵϣ֮ǰǸСĽˮϵŮ󣬹ةеĲˮѾǱ򷭵˵ϣ˿һȵĺ˵Щʲô
һԵҩʦƺҪҲһżģԶİҹȴѾ˹ƺ׼ֹԼ
һŷԼȻ֪ʱǳ֮ˡ
⡭⵽ô£ҸղŲǱǸԵôһĹֻصˣ
૵˵Ȼ⵽ô¡
ֻǵ֮ǰۿԼҪž޿ڵʱΪο϶ˣԵ±Ǳ۾˭֪δоκ쳣һٴ۾ʱȴǻص֮С
Ȼ벻׵ǣʱ˿֮УȻԼڵģһȻ֮ǰʧģҲǴ˿̳ǰԼˣһȴǴ˿ڹ۲ǰһеˣ
һеһУôĹ죬ȻⲢ飬Ǵʱ˿̣ǰһоȻǱסˡ
ԲһĶֻһ㵱±ǲֹеһжסˣҲˣ
ⶨĲֹˣ磡
𣿼ǿʥˣҲɣһƫƫķˣòţ
ȵȡѵ
ʱԴ͵һȻǱĻȻ
˴ˣ֮ǰΪ˶סһУϸһͲô£еֻǳԼ϶ѣ
Ҳ˵ǸǱסˣԼĳطнһʱȫֹУ£ûа
ȻǸסˣȴǲûбסֻΪԼ˿̻֮ǰƬʱȫֹУŻῴ顣
һôеҲڿԽ͵ˡ
֮ǰΪǸ飬ϸһƺô°
Ϊ˿̵ĸƺҲû뵽ᷢ飬ϵıȷʵҲǲ֪ᷢģ
ǰȴҲףղŲǸ飬¿϶ҲǺѲ˸ϵΪ֮Իᷢһе飬ȷʵΪģ
ڰ㿴ϺһڱװһĶһΣյʱǸװñᱻȻʩ߽ԼղſǸ磬֮ǰǸδ֪Ĺɱ
ԼΪʲôûȴҲ˵ˣ϶ǲɱԼģ᲻Ϊ֮ǰǸˣ
νĳԵԼֻǸԼһ棬ԼԺܶԸ֣
벻飬£ƺҲǲҪˣΪͻȻãϵƺԼ֪顣
һ˷֣϶ǻһܴĽѣ֪ܵˣʶǻᱻĨɱģ
׼ʥʥһȻ޾κεĶּɣȴѱˣøղŵǸ˵Ҫɱֱ練Ƶ飬֮δֻΪҪԼ
ת˵ֹǷˣɶϰߣÿΪƿΪ˶٣ɶѡʣ϶Ҳˡ
ǰ϶Ҳһλ˲õ
һֱһˣ֪飬ǲȥѰҵģݽһֱȵĻڡ
һֱȥ飬ȻҲѡͿȥˡ
˿̵һĴڣǰһȴֻһûǣô˵ֻҪԼص֮еһоͻָˣ
ţ㵱ҲûôԥıһԼ˹ȥһȻȫС
ʲҪ
飡
ںɵһ˲䣬ߺĺǳ۵ıԼҪĵԴϵצˡ
˸ղŵľ飿ѾȫķӦˡ
ۿžҪĵԴϵʱ򣬰צͣ˲Ǳơ
ͻһĻ±˶һǰҹ͹ة࣬򰽹ֱͺǼ˹һģ
ղŵһƣڶ˿ǲܻͣģƫƫͣˣҷǵˣϴ˿ҲǷ˷츲صı仯
ղŻһŭ죬˿ȴǱһĵȻ׵ı仯Ҳһ˲Ĺѣҹ͹ةʱģ±ЩӦˡ
ʱȴҲ˿Լ¼ǲҲˣ˭뵽Ϊؼʱ̣ⰽȻͣأ
ţֻһԵҩʦ첽˹ȻæҪθһ仰Ҳû˵ƾҩʦԼΪЩˡ
ۼˣҹҲǸæӦ˹Ȼ첽ߵ˸ߵʵʦôû°ɣ
˰ֵİɣ㸸ʼʱסˣҸûʲôˣϢһͺˣ
ɲҸҹ˵ǱղŵĳŵýˣϾⰽҹͽܣͽǰȻҲǵñԼΪʦˡ
žʱ뵽ʲôȻæ԰ҹҹ飡
ҹ΢΢һ㶣±Ǹæ˵˵ֻҪ飬һ
ЦЦģ¶˵Ǻܼ򵥵飬ֻҪ򵥵Ŀ˵Ϳˣ
˵Ż±ǽ˰ҹ
˸Ļ֮󣬰ҹΪ˹ȥôҲû뵽ʱˣȻŸղԼȵǸŮ
ȻǸԸ飬ôȻҲհ첻ˣ£֮ǰǸȵŮǰ˵ˣѾûʲôˣǸϽȥɣ
˵ŻһһŮʹ˸ɫʾϽ뿪
飬һŮҲ˸ֻŸϽȥۼˣ±Ǹæ첽˹Ȼ̱ڵصŮҪ뿪
ЩģⰽһһΣԵ£ǸæðҹԸŮϽ뿪ϾֻǶĿˣ⻰Ȼǲ˵ˣɰҹ˵ȽϺһЩ
ۿŮҪתȥʱ֮ǰһֱĬİٴοˡ
һڣ˲˶ĵҲ֪ҪЩʲô
Ȼ˵ĻȴЩӦˡ
Ȼ˵ȥҩȡһƿĵҩҪĻһȡ˾ǣҪ𣬾˵ǱԸģ⼸ҲˣϢɣʲôʱ˵ɣ
⻰һڣڳ˺סˣ˭Ҳû뵽Ȼ˵Ļ
ղŻɱˣżӲĹ򣬺ǹ˱ˣǰķӦʵ̫޷˰ɣ
ʱ˿̣˶Щˡ
ŮȴǸæӦ˹л˰㣬Ȼ˳ȥ
ʱ򣬰ҹ͹ة࿴򰽹񣬵ǿʼ仯ͬǰҹԽԽ˼飬Ϊʵ޷µľٶةȴĿʼ˼
Ȼ֪Ƿʲôðģǹةȴ֪ڸղôһ˲Ĺ򣬰϶ǼʲôΪµ顣
ة֪ˣ
ܾ֮ǰڰ㻹Ƕʱ򣬹ةѾˣһһӲ۾Ȼ˿̲ûбֳһ˿µģǹة໹֪ˡ
µˣʾλֵͥմͬʱҲǶ̫ӵʦ
ùةЩ޷⣬Ϊ԰Ϊʵ벻仹ʲôôµˣͥۻмλ׼ʥʥ˻飬Ǻԣλֵմ񲢲Щ˵һλΪһˣ˵ʲôð㺦أ
ţةһ˹ȥ
Ȼ˿̵ĸ֪飿֮Իᷢ飬ֻΪͻȻסֶѣ뵽ڸղһ˲Ĺ򣬰Ȼȥһδ֪磬һǸޱȿ־Ķ
ڸʬȻǴڰ׹֮صģ֮ҲںսͬھˣӦҲûл;йصĶ˲Ŷԣ
Ǹ֪ʼնûаѾ죬ڸղžǾ


553 İ취
Ƭ֮кǰ˶Թ˵ĺŲˮһ仰Ҳ˵㰽ҹҲǸ
˵ղŷ£϶ЩÿˣƲȥղЩ˵ԼղſǲѸɱˣҪοڣ
ةͰҹȻҲ飬ǵҲǱտڲ̸
ҩʦǰͥҽɹæҩҩм飿ۿ˶˵ȻҲĬĬĺ˲
˿ͬҲЩÿˣղһĻĿôһ˲ĹΪԼҪˣֱڣЩûȻҪȰ˵㲻ҪȥɱЩˣǴʱ˿Щȴ˿ڡ
Ҳ֪ΪΣԴӷ˸ղǼ֮󣬰ƺҲûȥɱ˵Ĵˣڿˡ
ˣǸлЩĲ£Ƭ֮󣬸ڻ̲סˡ
Զİ֮ǰ㻹ǵһȰЩֻǹ߶ѣĻˣɱǲܽκε飬ǻ۵⣬ڳ׽ⳡ߲ɺܴӰ죬ϣصĿһ£
һڣ˵ĿʱһӶеϡ
ҩʦͰҹ͸¶һ˿ɫҩʦЩ㲻ˣ֮ǰΪ˾һŮ㱻ɱˣ֮ǰðΪջ飬⵽
˵ǰ˰ݣֻҪŬһ㣬ʵ϶ҲǳˣڵѾǸûʲô̫Ĺϵˣο㻤Щˣ˵ҲЩ˵ĴȻ۸ſˣ㲻ŹأľҪȥɱЩˣΪ˵ĸʲôϵأ
ҩʦף⻰ȴҲǲֱѯˣֻǼ۲
ڹةͰ㿴͸¶һ˿ɫΪǴ˿̻Щĸ᲻ΪղŵǺް㣬ڸ˵Щ飬ﻹں
ǽţȴǰ˿ΪҲǿˣƺûѸղŵǼ·ϡ
ţվȻǿ첽ߵ˸ߣͻһĻøһŰ᲻ٴηʱȴǰȻԼ
һ£סˡ
Ϊְλ˵ְλǱ֮ģҪһ£ö԰аݼ֮أ
Ҳνҩʦ˶˰ҹΪͽ֮ҲǲôںˣǼҲǵⶫһݵİ
ţǰȥʱ򣬸±ǴϵȻæȵȵȵȡҪ𣿡
ľٶ˲Ҳ˰ע⣬Щ̧ͷȴÿȻһȥˡ
һЦֻΪղŷǸţղǱ̫ڳ嶯ˣ
òãõǸˣ⻰±Ǹæ˰ֵʵղŵҲȫ㣬ԼȥģҲûʲôϵҪľҸûʲôˣǸͲ˰ɣ
ЦⰽɲǰҹΪλԶԶԼ֮ϣҪǱһݵĻ֪ᷢʲô鰡Ѿˣʵڲǳʲô¶ˡ
ţԴһ˵ȻⰽΪղŷŵǸôԼβ˽֮ǰأ
뵽ŸæֶŰ˵Ǹʲôľˣ£һмҪæģ
Ǹ¶ǰǴֵ֮е뷨ˣտʼʱʵЩÿڣĸΪ֮ǰǺԼûмǺԼʱеȻ㲻ԥˣ׼Ǹ
ȻûԼԼǸĻʼջЩѰ
˭뵽ȻǲϽԼĵǸȻѾ˵˲õǸǰȴЩĲ£Ե˵ҪԼæʱ򣬰㵱±Ц˵Ѿˣ¾Ǳ£ʲô¶˵ɣһհˣ
ۿⰽӦôˬһСĵ˵ʵҪæҲܼ򵥣ϣܷŹ֮ǰЩˣ֮Ҳ赣ģ¼Ȼǳ˼ģôȻǰˣڴ㱣֤һµģ
⻰㵱΢΢һ㶣Ϊ˵ʵҪǸµĻѹ벻ˡ
£ǸæӦ˹漴ЦЦ˵ҵʲô¶أԭ°ĺˣԲȥǵ鷳ˣȥɱǣϾ˵ĶԣЩȻ˴ǲ֣ɱҲ޲ұǵȺɱ֮أ
˵ţЦ
ԣ϶ǲԣⰽ϶ǲԾˣղŻһɱɡɱɱģôͻȻ赭дķŹǣʵЩԾ
ŰʱķӦЩزˡ
ʱһԵĹة̵˹߱ߵֵ֪մղ˵Ŀģ㵱а취Գ׵Ľⳡ߲𣿡
˼ĵ̣ȻҲǴ˼ģǶ˼ûʲôģ¶Ȼǳ˼䣬ôȻҲֻϤ˼ȥˡ
ǰλֵմ񣬺ʾΪʵѡΪҪ֪һˣֻΪĳЩԵȥֵͥͥմ񣬶˼еһУȻҲָƵģĻҲ°빦ˡ
ȻʵҲԲô鷳ֱøǸ׵֮أȻֱɱȥҲˣĺȴǻᴥŭۣпܵƹ˵̫ϵ棬취̫Ȼǲˡ
˵ֻǿλֵմˡ
֮ǰ˼ûϣҲûôע˵ĻһةѣҲǸæ˹
Ļǲ°빦𣿶ɴһĻǿԼĹϵˣ˸ղŵǼ֮󣬰ڸѾǴﵽǰδеš
ֻҪԼ˸Ҵ󴬣ôʣԺĶǾԲٳʲôģ
ܿɹǣ»ԼģԼӦģĺ°ܾ
뵽㵱ҲǸæڵˣղ˵⻰˼ѵа취׵Ľ𣿡
һ⻰Щ˵˰죬Լղ˵ôһѵĻλûϸ
û취ֻǰԼ֮ǰƻõ½һ顣
İ취ʵ˵Ҳܼ򵥣Ǿǵص˼֮ȥѰǼһȾ֤ݣȻ򵱵صĻ־ٱ֤ⷽѾʲôˣֻҪʱŴ̶ӵ֮ǰǸطһ̾Ϳˡ
֤ɽ֤ǰ¸㲻ϾⶫĻѧ϶ѻиٶˣԲǼ򵥵ķͿԴˣðǳ׸ϳĲУ
εĶֿһҴ͵ĻҵҪĿҪձ˵Ļӻѧ׵ʧҪ㣬װŪİ취Ȼвͨˡ
ȻҲԽһսռȻռٵĻô˼ķ粨
ϾһǺ֮ǰĵ»ͬģĵ»û֪飬ҲͻˣûжĹϵһǴһ
ʵ̫ˣռԼǧƽңǴλãҪͻȻʧ߻ٻĻôɾͺˣȻҲǲôˡ
ȻΪ˱֤УȻҲǲʹЩСֶˣϾԼܱⰽԳҪõöɣҪðֵĻû׼ĻᷢһˮǼһųһˡ
飬ֻ;Щͷۡ
ڸ˵Լ취ʱ͹ة൱¶һ˿ɵɫԣνİ취ʵʮֵ⣬Ϊ취ʵЩ̫鷳ˡ
ǳ֮ȴҲûʲôİ취ˣ϶ǲʹˣӹɵģϾŭۺ̫ϵλڣǿ˭Ը顣
Ȼǳ˼ģôǾͰ˼İ취ɣȻһЩܹαķҸҪǣ취ǲᴥŭκ˵ġ
ţֶԸ˵Ȼˣô¾ͰˣΪ˱֤ĽУǧһףһ֮ʲô飬ֻҪԸЩȥͿˣ֮⣬㻹Ҫʲôֻܿھˣ
˵ţһЦ˹


554 Ըµİҹ
һ
ʱ򣬸סˣ˵Լֲȥ̣Ҫһʲô
һĺ뿪˺ˮ޷ģһԼʲôأ
ţ±Ǹæ˵Ҿһ˰ɣϾ¸ûʹģһҲû˼ȥ½һ˾ͿˣҪһһ䣡
һ⻰üͷȻЩǳ˵ôأϾοΪҶ飬ǱﲻʲôæĻʵЩ˵ȥ
Ȱ˵һ°㣬ʱȴǿȻԼΪթЦ
һĻ˲øӦˣ˵ⰽڸʲô
ǽţҹ
ʣԸʦȶʿԴӦ
תͷȥʱ򣬱㿴ҹѾǳԼߣһĶŰȥ
ҹģ֮ǰϵЦ⣬ʱ׹ˡ
˰죬ԭνĸһʵֻ˵˵ѣΪ֪ǻܾģҪ֪ҪȥĿ˼䣬һȴ벻ˮģĸҲǴߵİ
֮Իô˵ĿȻðҹԸµվˡ
Ȼ֮ǰðҹȥĴ㣬⻰ȴǲ˵Ϊ⻰Ҫ˵Ļҹ϶ǲһµģʱû׼ȥ˼ҲǣɲҪĽ
£һõĻ
ϾҹȻçײڴȴǶصģر¹غİΣҺ
ðҹ˼ɵȥ˼ѱǳʲô£Ҫ縺İΣȥ˼ô϶ǲҺģ
˵ˣ»Ըģ϶Ҳ¶˾ˣ
һ˲Ĺ򣬸ȻҲͨţȴЩͷΪʵЩİҹ˼ʲôõ飬Ͼ֮ǰǼ֮󣬰ҹ˼ķ˿ǱЩպҪȥ˼䣬ǻ˰
Ȼ飬ȻҲѾ뵽ˣֻװһΪѵؿŰҹ˵ôȥ˼䣿
ҹһ⻰æֱӣȻΪ˷ܵ˵ʣղ˵öԣ˵ʦѾӦ˻£ǱϾǹغҶ飬ҶЩʲôĻҲʵЩ˵ȥںʲôĻˣȥ˼䣬黹ǽˣ㱣֤һúðʦµģ
⻰㵱ǺܲĵĿ˿ҹ⻰˵ĵҲûȥĻΪЩ̫İϾƽʵ̫ЩεͬСɣǳʲôĻôָǺã
᲻ᣡĺˣ
ۼˣҹ±Ǽѵõһᣬȿ뿪ȥ翪۽磬ֿ˳ȶô׵ķأ
£æ˵ʣȻʱЩᣬڴ¶ϺһҲҺǹغˣ϶ǲģֻҪúǰȥʲôҪ󺢶Ӧ㣡
ãҪ޷Ǿ仰⻰±üëһȻ棿ʲôҪ㶼Ӧң
ҹصĵ˵ͷȻǵģֻҪʦǰȥ˼䣬ʲôҪҶӦ㣡
ŰҹһģżװΪѵĴӦðɣȻ㶼ô˵ˣôΪȻҲǲ˵ЩʲôˣΪҪ֮ٸģ鼴ΪӦҲûʲôãǵʦӦа
˵Ż㵱Ÿ˹һԵİҹҲˡ
ҹһεĿʦ
ססҴӦˣҴӦˣֻҪܱ֤˼֮¶ҵĻҾʹӦˣ
Ȱҹѻ˵꣬±Ǹæ˸ͣƣȻ˵
Щˣվ￴˺ôһԱԵݵһϷЩ˵ⰽҲȻôԼĶӣ
Ȼôðķǲò˵µĽģΪ֮ǰʱ򣬰ѾԼŰҹȥ˼ˣԼʱѾӦˡ
ȻҪѰҹ˼ȥôʣȻϣҹһЩģԣ鰽Ѿǰˡ
ۿŸȻҲǴӦҹ֪Լǿ뿪ȥˣһϲɫ
ҲǶŸЦŵ˵ͷóƺԼղһкǵ⣬ԴˣֻǱһЦˡ
ţֿʼ˹ںʱȥ˼顣
ո֮ǰĴ㣬׼ҩʦúýҩ֮Ƚ˶ȼü֮Ȼںҩʦص֮ͥڰһͥ飬ٻص˼俪ʼ黯顣
ŸǾãʵ̫ʱˣҩʦԸµվ˳߸ͥȲûˣҽɹȵæտţϾҽɹȵǺܷʱģҪǵæ¶Ļֻ»ƻ˶Ҫˣҽɹ¶ʵҲҪЩʲôֻһලðˣҩʦͿԴˡ
ҩʦ˵ǰֵմɵģϾһҽɹҲ߰ʱ䣬˼ĻǶʮңĸܵĵȴ
ҩʦĻ֮󣬰͸ȻǶҩʦлһȻţƶһʱͼƻ
ҩʦýҩٶȺܿ죬һͿԸ㶨ˣȻֻҪҩڶͿˣܵȾĺ壬ֻҪӴҩĺˮͿˣҩһĺҲûʲôӰ죬вβûԤȾĺˮĽ
㱾׼˽֮ǰЩȫģϾЩҪǲĻǻȾˮģ¶ȴǱֹˡ
ΪһѾǳΪ˿԰⵹Ǽһ֤ˣҪǽЩȫĻô֤ʲôĲȫû
⻰㵱±Ƿ뷨Ϊ˱֤ЩӰ춫ĻƬʩһ磬ƬȾĺȫĺˮͨȻǵõ˵Ͽɡ
ҩʦϻȥͥ۸Ϊú˽ҩ֮󣬶Ҳûʲô¶ˣ֮鶼ǽɸһˣҲˣȥͥˣպලЩʿǸɻ
ڸҲȥȴǲûȥͥˣֱӻȥԼļңϾڼأȻҪ˼£ôû϶ǲеġ
Ҫ£ֻƾһȻҲǲˣν˶󣬸϶ҲǵðѰϫˣȻ˰ҹ֣ʵ˵ڰҹʵûʲô̫ģһֻҪ¾ˣڰæʲôģ˰ɣ
Ҫ˵æĻȻָϫˣȻϫ࣬˼˽ǱԼҪöˣ
һҪǵģȻǰҹˣȻ϶ûȥﶼˣϾһ붫Ҳ̫ԶԼõϹ֮ǰҹǺúôⶫɣ
е֮˵Ǹɢȥˣҩʦòҩʱϲ˴ţԸȻҲǲܰˣҹҪȸ˽һ¹˼ģû뵽ȴĸʸˣû£ȻǻصԼȥˡ
ص֮󣬸ǽ׼ȥ˼ˮ˵ˣˮһ⻰ȻҲޱȵϲ˵Ѿ֪˸ȥ˼䣬ȴû뵽һȻô١
ţ֮ǰҹ͸ԼŷҲû¶ɣȥʰˣţ˲ǴˮռС
ǰͻȻֵˮõ±ǳԾĺϲ£ˣҪ֪ϲŸûʲôģǾ⼸СʱĹ򣬾Ȼƽ޹ʵĳһʱ˿̣ǶڸĳѾǵ޿ɸӵĵزˡ
ˮһŵĿǰĹ˵ˣΪ׼ǿס𣿡
ЦûΪ׼ˣԺǿסȻҲѡס˼䣬ģֻҪԸ⣬УѾþû˾סˣǵúúôɨһˣ
˷ĺˣһὫɨĸɸɾģ
䣬ˮ±Ǹæ֤
ʱ˿̣ˮĶҸ
һ⻰ȴЦҡҡͷôֻǵĻҪɨʲôʱ򰡣鲻ҪǲˣһԿžͺˣ
˵ŻЦԶĵط˹ȥ
ۼˣˮøæҲ˳ŸĿ˹ȥ
ĳ˲ˮóһֻʱ˿̣ԶĵطһȺļһŸָ๤˹


555 Ը
ܴȻȲϸֵͥǰ󣬵ʵҲǲˣȻΪĹϵڷЩ겢ûܵκεĸʴǸеĻҳеģ׼ס˵ĻȷʵҪúõĴɨһˡ
ˮȻҲŮǴɨô϶ǲˣҪ֪ƬռҲ˲ٵˣպҲǿõˡ
ЩУԼֻСһЩѶҪæĹ壬ֻգһᷢǰȺһҲиˣƺƵģ硣
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ҪǳʲôĻôҹа㽻أ


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Ȼ˸ûǰȴ渽ĳ󷨣󷨵ı˰ҹ֮⣬κ˶ǲջʹðҹġ
װ屻ٵĻôеҲǻ»صҹڵģ
ı֤Ȼ赣ʲôˣȴûи߸ͰҹΪɸܣҲǶڸεһֱˣ⻰Ҫ˵ĻôɾЩòʧˣ
ۿŸԼҹ±Сѵ˵ʦɵҺúñŰǧҪŪˣȻҿɾ군ˣ
һĺĺ
һ⻰ЩǽţԶĵطǴҩʦЩĴߴ
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ۼˣȻҲǲõˣϾȻỹҪҩʦȥĺأ¿ûʲôʱԵˡ
ţǶŰһݣȻˣ
Ҳǹֵ飬Щˣ
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뾩źܳһξ룬ǵԼеĻôҩʦҲ÷ϸҵĹˣޣһСʱĹ򣬱Ѿ˾ķΧ֮ˡ
գȥֻһƵľ󣬼Щϵ˺ˣ㱼䣬ҩʦΪԼͥأ
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һ⻰ûѪ˵ôôŶԺ
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ҲҩʦˣΪµ滹һͥĸо
ȻЩȻǲҩʦ˵ˣϾô˵Ҳҩʦļ磬Լ籣һõӡɣ
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ۼˣҲǲ˵ЩʲôˣƬ֮ɵһ¥õĶˣ
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ҩʦôأϾǷֵģЦ˵ͷȻżƲȥˡ
ҩʦԶȥӰ૵˵ϣҵĺ˰ɣ
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ƽеľȻ㲻̫ԶȴҲ㲻϶ˣڼ֮ǰתôһȦȵҵʱѾʱˡ
ԺʱԺеعѾæҵĴ˳Ժ󷨱κ˳ĻǻģӦ˴ع±һȻ𼱻ǵĸ˳
ȿ˵ģʱعǳһȻһ˼Ŀ˵ɣôģ
ȥͥʱߵĶɨƵͨ۾һһ͵ͥһһֻص˼ˣЩعҲ֪ģ䲻Ŀع¾ȻЩزˡ
һֽսռһЦŶع˵û£֮ǰͥʱһЩ£ǣ˶ȥһ˶ǸմӶģ
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ǽţعεҡҡͷΪͥ飬벻׵ģҲͲȥˡ
ʱ䣬ͥͶʱҲ̫Ҳʱѣ֮ǰһµʱ˵ǵǺ̫ˡ
Ѿʱ֣ԼܸԷʱأǽŵһ˲䣬ȴüͷΪʱ˿̣Ȼûһ˿һĶĶе㲻ˡ
֣ѵǻڷϢ
ţǿ첽¥˹ȥԼ壬±ֱӴ˺͹Ļķ䣬øʧǣǾȻڼң
֣ǵȥﰡôһ˶ûа
ɻԴԼķ˹ȥ
»ص֮󣬸±һԾ˴ȻŸæͳֻ׼绰һǵȥ
ǵǻʲôΣգ෴ģǵǻ᲻ԱʲôΣգϾλǿɶһһҪĻôһͦ鷳鰡
϶ǷĵģǶڹȴǲôˣԵ£׼绰ȷһ¡
ʱĿһȻ߷ŵһֽע⡣
һʱ䣬ǲæŴ绰ˣǽֻֽһۣ±ǿԶ϶ֽǺˡ
Ϊ˺֮⣬û˻á硱ƺˡ
磬ʱûмǣô㲻ҪżΪֻǳȥˣض˵Ҫȥһܺܺĵطһ£رԸˣܰǽҪȥĵط㣬ҲҪŶҲģȻǲڣƽȴһֱڵģǲڵʱһֱչģֱΪֹĺ
ȿֽʱ򣬸˼ҪɵˣôҲû뵽Լ뿪˲ʱ䰡ŮȻҳˣ
ֱǿӵ˵ôҲȥѧһöأҪѧЩа

һ뵽ʱ򣬸Ϊͷ˵滹һ鷳ﰡȻǰѺ͹մȥˣ
ҪǣԼҲ֪Ҳû취Ұ
ԡֻ
֮ǰΪ˷ϵǸһ䱸һֻ̨ģֻҪǴֻôԼһ֪ȥ
ţǸæͨ˺ֻ롣

һϤ𣬸ȴЩԾһԵĹ˹ȥΪȻǴǹﴫģ
Ҳɣ
鲻Խһ䣬Ÿæ˹ȥ򿪹ӵʱ򣬺Ȼ㿴ֻؾص棬һȻǺֻ˵Ȼڹˣ֮⣬һдֵֽ
ֽһ˲Щ
ɨǣҵˣȵʲôʱ湻ˣȻͻȥˣ
ʣ϶ˣ֮⣬û˸ôƺԼˣ
Ѿ޻˵ˣΪ¶ʵ̫ͻȻˣʵû뵽Ȼҳ
มòе㲻ԾļͥҪ˵ҳߵĻòƺ֮ǰѾҳˣԼҲļҰ
Բԣ
һ˲Ĺ򣬸һ˹˵ļͥȻ˼䣬סԼôô˵Ҳİˡ
ҳ֮ҳߣһĶ˺͹һҳߣģЩʲô°


559 ҳ
ʱ˿̣Ƕ޵Щˣǳ֮ҲЩ޿κˣûκõϢҲûнҪȥֻˣңָô֣
Ͼ⻪ĵĵؽҲǺܴģпκεĵطҲ
ԡòƻһְ취
ͻȻ䣬ԴһȻæǽɨƴ˿ţһƬɫƬǱС
ƬƬǹϵƬ֮ǰȥͥʱ͸ģŹѾ˼ˣƬӦҲû˲Ŷԣ˭뵽ƬȻʱó
ţԥæǽģȻĬ𣿡
ͬʱڻĳнֱйĹӺһȻǾȵغѽ
û뵽ȻѾԼ٣绰ûȴǱˣؼ֮ȻԼ֮ǰһƬƬ
±ǰͺע⣬عͷǺʵôˣ
һ㶣ŸæǷӦ˹ȻʼװڵѰ˶л֣Һʲôˣǵ֮ǰǸطˣҪ߰ɣһȥң
æ㣬ǸʲôӰҪҪǰһҰ
˲ˣһ⻰±Ǹæ˰˵ⶫԼȥҾͿˣǲùˣȥȥ
˵Ż±Ǹæתߵˡ
ۼˣͺʱҲЩƬ֮ȴЦȻǰ˹ȥ
˼սǣ˲ҺҲûʱ򣬹˿Ȼ²ǿ˵ôˣ
Ҳ˿ȻʵڵﰡϿѵطңϹǣ
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һ⻰˲ǱЩʲôںܺã֪֪ʲô¶ҳߣǵôİ첻ڼңȻһҲûˣ֪֪Һܵİ
겻Ǹֽ𣿡
ƺ֪˸ĺż˵ҲǱС
һ⻰иˣô飬ΪֽͿ𣿻ΪֽҾͻͬˣͺжôΣ֪ˣҲ˵ʲôˣϽȻҹȥǣ
ҡ
һֳڣûκεˣкһ㶣֪϶ǹ˸ˣ˼пܾˡ
ȻƬ֮ڸԺֻɨǣû뵽Ȼı£˻ҵõǣҲˣҲϵˣ㻹ʲôҪ˵ģ
Ȼ֮ǰѾ뵽˹ܿǱԼ˵ǸȴôҲû뵽ȻǱˣĻƺҪԹʲôõ飬ϾԼͨƬϵĻΨһİ취Ҳֻڹˡ
֮ͨǰʱദѾǺͺзƳ˺ýãȻӦǲʲôֵģЩĲ£ⲻһһһҪĶԹʲôĻָôأ
ţеһȻæ˵ǧºǧʲôõ鰡
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˵⻰Ҳκεˡ
һĿеƬʱһߵȴҲĴԼĲϽһͼΪݸ˹
һĳݸУں͸֮ͨбЩȵ˵Ҳϵˡ仰ʱȴҲ뵽һЩõ飬ǽŷһĻȴǺЩӦˡ
Ǻʵʲô
һ⻰±ǼΪ԰ڵ˵⴮Ҹһǧʱԭʼүү͸ҵԭʼүү˵ˣֻҪҴ⴮ôҲûҵõˣΪ˷ֹҸ½ŴϵģڿҸĸǻûѾͥˣⶫ͸ɣúɨǣ
˵⻰һ
ԭʼүү͵˵еλԭʼүүָȻҲ֮һ̫ԭʼˣ
ԭʼ͸ǺεҪĶֻһСҽصı
£Ǹæ˰˵𡭡ضⱦʵ̫ˣҲҪ
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˵ŻҲܹǷͬ⣬±ֱӸۼˣҲǲ˵Щʲôˡ
ò˵ⷬٶǳ˹֮⣬пܻһ٣вٺ͸ϵˣôҲû뵽ǣȻѡһ취
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꣬Դҵһ̣߶ҪȥǲͣĽߣʵһ˿ô죿һƽûʱչ˸ô족һҪǳô족֮⡣
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˵ŻһЦȻ˹
ۼˣȻЩɻ󣬵ȴҲûʲôţֿʼ
ض㣬һҪȥﰡ
ȥأ֮ǰ½ʱȥؿɺˣ
ãǾȥذɣ

ߣ˸̶һĿĵأһ𻶿ĳˣһߵĸȴԽ
Ϊ֣Լ¹ûа취ͨеƬƬϵˣȻҲͻȻЩΪԼƺˡ
ȻԼϵˣеƬƬȴģҲ˵ӦûǺúõģûܵκε˺ԼΪʲôϵܾĳְ취ɣ
ҲǣȻû˷ҲһСŮģϵЩҲӦöǻڵģҲ֮˰ɣ
Ȼûʵǵκ䣬Ǹȴ֪ӦöʮְȫģӹоͿԿˡ
Ѿ˼ҪԼ٣ԼΨһϵǵķҲжˣµ񣬸ҲЩ޿κˣϾôҪҵԼٵˣǼֱǿȴ밡
飬Ҳˣ
ҪǣҪ飬ʵûʲôʱȥҺˣϾĿǰûʲôΣյģ˵ʵ˵һķˣҲ˲ǷֺģǶɾͲֹˣ
ţȻ˾æ궫ȥѰҺǰɣ
ҵţҵ㣬һ̰ȥͥģ
λûˣҪ˼ЩʱأǵڣȴЩȲҪͻͥȥˡ
ڴ죬ΪȪˮİԸʼջǴ״̬ģҲǺܶټϼûҲͲԷˣֱӱ¥˵ԣ׼˽һǼһϸϡ
Ͼ֪֪˰սʤ
򵥵һ£Ƭ֮еϢǳ˸ǰ
֮ǰ˽⵽ЩϢһһȻһҵҼеĸ߲㶼ձˣҪĶһЩѧԼһЩϸƷģһĶֱձģ


560 
ȾŻΪĶԼĹңֻЩ߲ˣƬ֮ƽ飬Ȼֿʼڻڵı̳ϣҵЩõ
˰죬ȻûҵʲôõǸȴǴ֪һеĵλˡ
ڵĵطڽУطĻôһ϶ǻϤˣ
ûǰ֣ǽأ
ϸ룬еЩԨԴģ֮ʱΪӱɱԵʣŭˮͳأҲ֪˶޹İգգȴΪĳЩԭɱ˶ǧ壬ѵǴ˵е
ʮֵ˽⣬ʵҲûʲô˼ȥ˽⣬漴ϸĲ鿴ϵϢ
㿪һص̳漴۵ģһö˵ϢϢúɫӴֳֵģ벻עⶼѡ
سȾأѾǵ˺ܴӰ죬ȥĻͻ޷ˣǿҪس뿪ģ
ȻûҵʲôõϢǿЩǶһ̬ȵҲǲģ
ţ±Ǵӡ
ţһϵжԱȵƬЩƬϵڲѿǶʮǰͶʮĶԱȣҲһû֮ǰ˻֮оɫԱȡ
ǰһƬɫգһվƬͻȻͱ˱ֵգǰһƬ峺׵СӣһƬͻȻֱһĳˮǰһŻһƬïܵɭ֣һƬͻȻͱһһ
ЩƬŵĻظͻȻģεΪҪȵĲֹǶеǡ
֮ǰţһ֮ԻںдڣֻΪĹϵϾһȻȾأȴǵصͷҵÿ꽻˰ǼΪӴģΪ˷չ϶ǻҵһֻ۱һֻ۵ģ
ǽһЩӣȴǼΪȵķ֣ԼȻˣʵϲֹеһߣҲˣ
еԭҲʮֵļ򵥣еһĳУԲΪ񣬵ǽЩһȾԽԽأǵҲԽӲùǧʩѹ״滯ǵ
ҪһĻô϶Ҳûעˣһ˼ǧˣô벻עⶼˣټҲ⽫зչһʤأҲ˳ˮ۵ȥҵǼһϰ壬ҪֹͣҾ뻪ġ
˵ֻҪˣһڿ϶ҲǵˣʵȴЩ⣬ΪȻǲ֮ˣûȥǿȻֹͣͰǨȻš
ӵûϸ˵еԭ򣬲ȴȤȻǿʼھûã㷢һΪ򡱵ˣ֮Իע⣬ֻΪ˵һЩĪĻ
ЩĪĻ˲˸⡣
û˿ԥ±עһʺţȻ㿪ʺţ˽ġ
̳˵Щʲô˼ܲϸĸ˵˵
ʵ
Ϣȥʱ򣬸ſ϶ǵõһˣϾ˼ȻôͿ϶ǲСˣһʹˣǺġ
ڸվ׼һӵʱ򣬵Ժһʾ΢΢һ㶣˵ɣôˣ
ţָæȻϢģȻǸΪˡ
ȿϢʱȴһЩزˣΪԷǵʲôûشǮ𣿡
ǮǮûǮĹƨ°
߶仰Ҳûôԥı㽫仰˳
ģȴûģһǮ𣿸ΪӦһ˽ˣڿȫˣһȫһƭǮƭӰ
ļһȻǺˡ
ǽţ׼»سʱ򣬵ԺǷһʾȻϢǴ˹
еƺͣȻ˹ȥ뿴򵽵׻˵Щʲô
֪е飬ҿԸеĴ𰸣Ҳ׸㣬ҪǮ
仰֮󣬸Щԥ˵ԷҪһƭӵˣһҪƭأƭӶ˽˵Ļôָôأ
ţЩ岻ˡ
ţɾ֮ǰµЩ֣ȻʵǮô֪˵Ķأһƭô죿
ûãǻصҲƭģ
ϢģһͼƬһЩƾɵĳֻһۣ±˳֮ǰڶЩձ˴ĳ
ѵ˵Ҳҹڲˣ
ţԺǴһ죬ϸһֻǽӶķƬЩƬϲѿЩƬ͵Ķģ͵ĵĶǻڲ龰ƬЩ˵ĴŴͿĳˡ
ʱ˿̣ѾǿԿ϶ˣΪˣ϶һڲԱˣ
⻹̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡣ԼղŻҪôܵõһõϢأϢȻԼˣ
ԷҪǮ𣿷ԼǮǣϢܻǮ
ţ±׼ԷϢǻûִʱ򣬶ԷǷһϢ
ô˰ɣ˵Ļǲǿ̸̸Ǯˣ
⻰̲סЦ˵һﵹҲǹģȻϢ׬ǮľԼˣȻˣ
εҡҡͷŻص֪֪һϢҪ֤ݣ
Ϣȥ֮󣬶Է˳Ĭ֮УڸЩһǲ뿪˵ʱһϢˡ
˭
ԷĳĬټϢ±˹ǶԷ߾ˡ
ȴν飬ΪֻҪԷṩϢɿǮԷģһףǲ˵ġ
ţ±ǻص˭ֻҪ֪ҪĶǮͿˣ
ţһĬ
ʱЩ˵һһҪ뵽˱ʲô鲻ô죿ҪҪȰǮȥʱһϢð˳
˵ĶԣҪĶҪǮѾȷʵϢģôǲҲʲôˣ
˵ȻҪǮˡ
Ȼȷ˶Էȷʵ֪ʵˣҲûôԥֱӱصʺŸң
ʱԷһ˻ëʺţë֣ǾЩЦǿĵ˿ںľһˡ
õ˿ţû˿ԥֱӱǽֻд˿ȻֱӸëʺתʮ
ʮڱ˵ǺܴһǮǶµĸ˵ȴǸʲôģҼȻ׼öԷú˵ôȻҲǲСˡ
ȵеĿۿϢ֮󣬸±ǻصյӦѾ֤ҵĳ˰ɣ
ͬʱٽߵһƾɵСУһɫӰ㶵ĿԼֻϴϢ
ʮ򡭡ȻʮһﵽʲôͷȻỨʮϢ
ţֻǰ̨ƾɵıʼǱϺһϢ
յӦѾ֤ҵĳ˰ɣ
ݵԥ֮󣬺ӰǱüΪܿȻ֪Է˭Ҳ֪ԷҪЩʲôǺʣԷǸǮˣһǮЩϢԣЩ͹ˣ
ţӰǻصˣȻг⣬֮ǰǮֻܹ㸶ҵĶ𣬽Ҫ˵飬Ҫշˣ
Ϣʱ򣬸ûʲô̫ı仯ΪʮǮ׳ȥĶѣΪľǿԵס㣬Ѿܲˣŷ
£ǻصû⣬ڿʼÿһҶǮͰһһٿˣȻҸôߵļǮôϣ˵Щϻ˵ĻΪ޹ؽҪĻôҿǲ˵ģ
Ϣշ˹ȥԷϢ±˳һС֣
ĳһﻹ
ţʳԼĵһ⣡
ڣڽʱ⵽ôˣҲ֪Ϊʲôһȥˡ
𰸺ܼ򵥣Ǿһϰ嶯⽻ϵפձʹ򱾵ʩѹȻ鲻֮ˣ
֪֮󣬸ǼΪͷû뵽¾ȻǰձʹҲǣˣ


561 
ֻһձ˵Ļ÷ʲôͿԸ㶨Ͼ¸е֤Ҳˣ⵹һɵ飿
û뵽ǣ¾ȻǸձʹ˹ϵô¿ɾͲô׽ˣ㲻õĻǹʾˡ
Ҳ˵֮ǰİ취϶ûȥˣ֤ݣǾ޷ɵһģһĻǾֻӲˣĳǶȷʵǺһˮͳصģ
뵽ΪͷƬ֮ڻǾȥд̽̽϶ǲöΪġ
ʱһǻعȻ˹ȥһЦԭ񷢹ģȻһ߿Ϣ
Ѿ֪һжˣղ˵ģһһٿ飬ܹǴǧٸ֣Ҳʮĳŵ
ڸԣ˵ЩϢֵģҲûôԥֱֻֽд˿׼ʣµʮתȥ
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һԼҪǰǮ˵ĻɾδػˣϾ֤¿ɲ˶Ըģ
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ƻ˵һ룬ӺһӷĳЩı仯ţǿԼǰĽָ˽ȥ

ͻһĻ±ǽŵľһȻæ۾ţȴǱӵ˻УȻֻЦ˵ˣѾطˣ۾ˣ
⻰۾漴ǰһĻزˡ
ֻʱ˿̣ȻǳһƬֵĿռУƬռĵط˵󲻴󣬵˵СȴҲСǱһķ仹ҪһȦˣǽҲǲõĹɫģΨһõľƬռʵЩ̫ˡ
ʵϸõռָʱռָ滹кܶĶģЩһҲģҶһЩûõС⣬ԸҲû룬ֱӱǽЩˣµ
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һ⻰±ǼΪĵЦΪ֪׼һöռָ͸Լģ
ǽţĻһתֻ˵ɣռָȷʵҪ͸ģƫƫ˵ʲôҲܣ˵ʲô֮Ҫ˽һ¡̫֮֮Ļֻ͸ˣ㡭
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ģ±Ҳ̲סˣźǷЦ
ۼˣһ㶣һ˲ǸæӦ˹ԭѾ˸ղŵ飬ֻڶأ


564 ǰļ
ţƵ±˹л㡭ˣһǲŹģ
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ͬģҲϣƻˣ˵ˣ˭˵׼أ
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ȻǵƼȻҲǲֶܿģ֮ǰ÷ڸղŵ鱦һƷõ鱦ʱó͸Ƶ裬ҲΪʲˣ
֣̽һ۾Ϳ˸ǰ϶ʲôҪģ˳Թ֮󣬷±ǴŸһΪķ䡣
֮󣬷ЦſС߰û´Ļ϶ֻǿҺ㰢̵İɣ
ЦЦµĲһҪҪæģ
Ȼһ뵽飬⻰Ӹ˵ʱе㲻ŵģΪҪ֪ڵĸѾ֮ǰǸëͷСˣĹ㣬ӵеǼҳʳƷӹǼƳµҲˡ
ȻҲǲö˵ģҪǰæʱ϶ǻԥĴӦ£ȴЩ˵ˣ


565 һ
ΪҲЩòע⣬νæԼܲܰϣǵãҪǰﲻϵĻǿǻûӵġ
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Ե£ûóȻӦЦ˵˵ɣҪܰﵽĻҿ϶ģ
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ʵҲǶ¸ȤǶԾٰⳡձ˸ȤѣĿģʵҲϣҲҽһйձ˵飡
ȸ˵Щʱ򣬷ȴǸΪΪʵЩףôһձôȤأ
Ȼ棬»Ǹæ˵ʵձˣҲʮֵ˽⣬ֻһЩҵϼѣΪԲͨĹϵҲûи˵ֻ֪пһܴĻѣ˵ǷֻһҵϹõֶζѣȥȥνģˣ㵽ΪʲôôȤѵʲô𣿡
һˣУҲһˣǼһϰҲһˣ˸˴򽻵ΨһĿģȻҲΪϵĺˣ
⻰ճǲһ˿ԾĵطΪҪ֪òֻгʳƷͰ׾ƣòôҲǺͻҵ޹صİɣ
⻰ʱ򣬸ҲЩЦ˵ɵĺðɣ
ţҡҡͷȻˣһҶڻҵȫûһ˿ȤҲûǹҪձ˺֮ԻôʣֻΪҽҪձ˵Ļйضѣ
ǰλʱ±˿ʵԸձ⣬ԼҲЩձǱߵĿͻĵֻǸһʲôϵ
Ҫ֪ȻһЧ治ĿڱȴǼģرбУֱǳ˹ԺһһЩ˾Ȼ׬˲ٵǮӦģЩ˾ȦӵҲǱЩǽĲϣ¶Ҳڸϡ
û꣬˵ĺλΪ
Ϊ⻰˼òҪձ˺һЩʲô鰡Ȼ֪ʲô¶Ǻʣ¶϶ǼΪΣյģ
뵽±һĶԸ˵Сߣ˵һԲеô򵥣ǸձҲˣȻҲ֪㣬һǵȰһ䣬ûǲҪǳʲôϵ
Ȼ׼һ飬ȻҲǱ͸¶һԼҪĿˣϾһԼ˵϶ҲǻһЩģ˼룬ԼֱӸˡ
Ȼ׼߷ģҲǾԼ¼ӹһѣ漰ͥԼһвܱ֪飬ȻҲǲ˵ˡ
ڷµķӦȻҲľԤϵˣûжķӦǽԼǰõǷ˵˳
壬һȾӦҲ֪İɣ
˵ͷҵ֪֮ҵڻȾǼģ˵Ϊ£еǼһܶˣǻ᲻֮Ҳ֪⵽ô£
ЦЦ˵ҵ֪ģ˵ҹϰ嶯ձʹݵĹϵѹ飡
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һ⻰±ǸΪֻ˷ϵ۾ʵô֪ģ
ƽʶһҹڲĹԱЩ鶼ҵģȻ֪飬ôһﶪѧԭϵӦҲǲ֪İɣ
ţҵĲ֪ˣô£ϸ˵˵
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˵Ż±ǽֻ˳˼֮ŵݵ˷ǰ
νѣָȻҲԼˣϾҲöԷ˵ֻˡ
ӹֻһһƬ˲ԾС
ƬеĵصһƬĺϣԶĵطͣһҴȻƬЩģǷע⵽ЩȷʵжһЩΪ޴Ͱ
ֿ˼ۣüͷΪãƬе㲻Ծ
ǶȣǶȲԣƬǴӿĵİô°
ţ±ʮ𾪵Ŀ˵СƬе㲻Ծ
ԾʲôԾģ
ɻȻǲ׷˵⻰ʲô˼»Ǹæȥ
㿴㿴յӽǺе㲻԰Ƭһ֪ǴӿĵģǸôܴӿĵƬأ
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һ⻰ǿһƬȻǰ˰ѺˣˣôԼʱڿĵƬأ
¿ˣҪôأѵҪ˵ƬǼٵ
вУⲻǴԼ
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ţָƬԷ˵壬֪ʵƬյģǽһЩĶѣˣ˻֪ɣ
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һ㶣źЦ㲻˵ҵ˻˻ҹȻ˰
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ۼˣҲΪεЦΪ˲ƬϼȥǸæ˵ˣƬأҷɣ
˵ţҲܷǷͬ⣬ֱǽһƬ˳
ƬǸ֮ǰںģȻ߲ʮֵǿԿһƬͰֻһۣ±ǵһ
Ÿ˵ġûһǧҲа˰١ֻΪ˿¶ѣʱϸһ֪ûпĺֹһǧǱһǧҪö˺
һʱ䣬ҲʶˣĳȾ˶֪飬ⲢʲôʮҪ飬Щ׵ĻѧǿɾͲһˣ
˵Щ֤ݵĻǼձ˵ĻҪԲ˶ˡ
Ҳʱ˸Ҫȥʲôˣ
Ѽô֤ݣҪģ޷Ҳһˣ
ȻҪһϳģ
ʵ̫ˣȲ˵һϰձʹʲôĹϵ˵һⶼκһ˿ԶԿ˵ģ
һȾеĻû򶫺ڶĻѧҲûǵֻЩ֤ݣ޷һϳĵģûȸ֤óпܾͻᱻһǣЩ˸ɱˣ
ΪΪʳȻ飬ǹȴҲ˲ˣʱԼļҲһĽѣЩΪǮʲô鶼ĳġ
֮ǰһЩҹϰĴˣ˵ֻһͨ˶ѣǸձĳΪص֯ĳĹϵ
ܵ˵Ҫ⵹һĻѹǲܵ飡


566 һ
ǵǸܰ쵽飬ţϼûκ˿飬ģҲֻˣ
˵˿Խƾһ֮µĻôѾˣ
Ϊ˸İȫζҪȰһ¸ģ
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˵Щ⣬ȻҲһͿǵˣʵ˵ֻһ˵Ļ϶Ҳֻ޿κεķˣʵϣһˣ
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ڲƣظںĻԼɣϾǮ׬ҪûˣǿɾҲ׬ˡ
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ţ̾˿˵û취ˣڷǰ΢չʾһԼɣϾȻỹбҪæҲ˶ˣ¾͸¶һЩˣ
뵽ͻȻҲǱΪ֣ص壬˵Щ飬ʵһҲǹˣʵ˵Щ˵ʵʲô£ҲǣһЩ飬ҵҾܲˣ
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һĻôҲͼ򵥶ˣȻҪ߷飬ҲѾɺ黹ǹ飬ϾЩڸʵҲʲôҪ飬㱻֪Ҳνġ
£Ǹæ˵ͷûʵҾһߣ
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ߣʵİЩʱͨһЩҵʶ˼λ¸صġǰЩǰһһɷǵģҲżֱµġ
Щǰչʾ˸ȡľҷЩԲħ֮۷еķΪλǰʱȡĶζܲģ
Щǰͱ֮Ϊߣ
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567 ı
飬֮ǰǲŵģֻǷƵʱ̫˿˶ѣô˵˹ԭ˵ĲǺ˵ĺпܶģ

ǰĸкɻΪʼջû취ѸЩɷǵϵ
ģҲ֪ڻʲôˣϾȷʵҲô˽ܵ顣
ûϵа취÷š
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һ⻰ʱҲ˾Ϊڸղţܲøչʾһı£֤˵ȷʵģû뵽ԼûأȻˣвӦĵ
£Ǹæ˵ͷúúã˵ĵʲôϽóҿ
ȥп϶ǻΣյ飬÷Լа취Щõİ취չʾԼţҲûôԥֱӱǽ֮и˳
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ղŻ֮ǰЩǰǸȡĳû뵽һĹ򣬾Ȼǿʩչı£ۿŸֻһĹϺƾճһѶ̽±𾪲ѣ˵ˡ
ŷ֮ǰ϶ҲǼˣҪӦǲʲô̫ķӦ˲ŶԣǵµģʱΪ
Ƭ֮󣬷ڻǷӦ˹ȻǼĿСߣѽ㵽Ǵİ
ռֶָ˼ʵ㲻ʲôɸ˵ܣԸҲûЩʲô±˵Ŷ˵ұģҴҵĿռóĶѣ΢һЩ߶ǻһЯĿռ䣬ԷκεĶȵҪʹõʱó
Ŷԭ
⻰˼ĵ˵ͷҲʱ֮ǰЩߵôȡˣ
ţĿ˸е֮Уֻһۣ±ǡৡһվȻǾȵ˵⡭ŵѶ֮̽ɣ
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⻰±ԽЩ˷һʱ䵹Ҳ֮ǰˣæǿܿѽ𣿡
һ⻰ΪֻҪ֮óչʾһԼ֮󣬷϶ҲǲֹˣʱͿֱӴͷˣ˭뵽¾ȻҪһ֮С
ҿһģ֪νĿ϶ֹǿô򵥵ˣʱû׼ŷŴ󾵹۲СʱòԼû취ȥܾ飬ֻЩͷۡ
ţǰһʱ뵽һ취취ȲҲᵢʱ䣬չʾԼ
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⻹ֻǸտʼѣҪȥĻðѷҸ
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⻰ЦҡҡͷһԵķȴ˼Ŀʵô£ѵЩ飬һֱ֪𣿡
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һ⻰ҲûôԾʵ¶Ҳ֮еˣϾʱǸԼŮֺ֮͸ŮѵĹϵӣҪǲ֪¶ǲأ
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ۼˣǰ˵ûиֻ㷢һЩ춯ѣûӰղҪֽŹĻӶˣ
֮һôܹҰѾСˣ˭֪Ҳʵ̫ʵˣҲܹ𣿡
⻰޻˵ˣΪºǲܹ֮УҪֵĻòҲֻܹԼˣϾֻ֮һԼʹˡ
ţǻعȻ±ǿһ𾪵Լ
һ˲Ĺ򣬸ǸæӦ˹Ȼ͵֪Ѷ̽ʲôŶ֮ĶһĹŴ߿ǻڵģҲˣղΪʲôķӦҾǲ̫ϲİ˽Ӵɣ
⻰±ˣ˵ԼĹȻûдѶ̽Ȼǻģ
Ϊпû뵽ϾȻĶ
ģǽе֮е˹ȥл壬Ҫ𣿡
˲ˣⶫһǲĺãϽɣ
ûһ˿ԥ±ǰ־ܾ˸ǲڷһθղŵˣһⶫȻģ͸ӲԸȥˡ
ۿԼĿȻɣǻһЦȻŽ֮
֮ǰΪûκ˿ԺǼһԿȴǲˣͻȻģǸĻĿأ
ȻղŸֻչʾԼıûչʾǷȴţȷʵĳּΪǿģ


568 ǧƱ
ҲΪʱ˿̣ڸҪȥ飬Ҳǲ׼ȥȰˣµҲǿˣȻ¶˾ҪȥģζȰ˵ģ
̸Ǳļ򵥶ˡ
ûټ׷ʸݵ⣬Ϊһˣóȷʵûае鶼Ҳ֮е飬Ͼÿ˶ԼԱ֪ܣϸղŵЩ飬Ѿʮֵĸˡ
̸̸ţ̸ǳձ˾ٰĴˡ
˵ҪμⳡҪǧʽ֤ʱ򣬸±ɵˣôҲû뵽Ǹձ˾Ȼô棡Ʊ͵ǧˣ
ûǧʵϾ⼸µķչĳʳƷӹƳѾǷչĵزƳΪ޷ṩԭƵԵʣһֱǺܵͣӦģľȴԽԽˣ
ڳʳƷӹΪԭϳĹϵ¼ǶʮСʱϵţȻȴ޷ȫطĶⷢĻ㱨˵ʳƷӹ׬ǧ
ⷢһҵͷԵˣ׬ôǮ֮ûŷֺ֮飬ֱӸϣٽһֳΪĿǰһĻǸ޷㶩Ҫġ
飬ҲûıӦˣΪȷʵҪٿһҷֳˡ
Ϊ˿ҷֳǰѳʳƷӹпԶõʽ𶼸˹ȥƳǱߵʽҲ˹ȥ
ܵ˵ȻѾ˲ֵʮڵҵȴòǧΪеǮѾͶ뵽¹ĽˣܶõģҲֻϵˡ
ԣЩǮĻǾ޷ȥμǳģ
Щ飬ȻҲ֪ģΪѾʡȦﴫˣֻҪģ˶֪·ǵǸĵزҲˡ
Ȼǲ֪ˣΪʵ̫͵ˡ
ţ±ЦȻʮֺˬ˵ôˣǲʽ⣿һòôǮҪĻҽǧˣ
⻰е±˿ʵղҲҪǮţ⻰ȴЩ˵ˣȻȻԼˣôȻҲȴ֮ˣ
׼ӦʱȴһסˣȻţЦ
˭˵ԼûǮģ鱦ǮֻҪЩ鱦ˣǧƨ
ۿŸͻȻĪЦʮɻ׼ѯһʱͻȻʵ壬֮ǰҶô
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ЦҲô˵ϾȷʵǶ鱦һвôȤģֻͼǮ죬ҪһһĻ˭֪²갡
ţǻһתȻһصĿ壬ʵɣ»һҪǲ֪вȤ
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ϴεĽҶ÷׬˲ٵǮ˵һöҲǱľ
˵εĶϴβһһ鱦ΣҴһ׵ĳд̳ģɫòҲиһǧˣҶҲǺܶҪǿϵĻǮͳˣ
⻰˵ƮƮģڷеʱȴȫôˣ
ǧǰ鱦
ǧǰ鱦鱦궼ǹŶ˺ɫƷ΢õģԽˣĶҪһĻҲ˰ɣ
ţ±վȻԸ˵ߣĻͲҪ˵ˣڸϽȥ鱦ɣҪ˵ôҪˣ
ŷһģ±֪϶Ƕ鱦ʮֵĸȤˡ
ţֽȻ˵壬Ҫ鱦ĻʵҲȥģΪ鱦һֱǴϵģ
֮ǰ͸˸鱦һ»ڸļţ䣬ȻڸɨƿռУ£׼óһ鱦


569 ʮڵĹ
ϾЩ鱦ڸҲûʲôôҲҪǮģû˼һȥΪʵЩ̫鷳ˣֱȽʡһЩȻ۸Ϻܶ࣬ʤڷ㣡
ţ±һ˿ԥֻһװ鱦Ӷʱǳ˷ǰ
֮ǰѾ˸ı£ͻأĿǰǳһڴӣҲǱ𾪵˵ˡ
𾪵ĲֹǸ԰ôһЯǰӾȻô
Ȼ֮ǰ˵һ鱦ǷôҲû뵽˵һȻôһ䣬Ҫ鱦Ļǿ޷ˣ
ǶôӴһʲƸ
׼һ̬ȥǰӵʱһԵĸȴǺǰһȻֱӱ㽫Ӵˣ
һʱ䣬һ۵ⱦ
Ƭ֮һô̵ķȻĴһĵȼ֮Сڵĳ
˭ó϶ѾĲˡ
ʱ򣬸ȻҲǲ˵ЩʲôˣΪҲ֪ȷʵҪʱ仺һˡ
Ƭ֮󣬷˶ϵ̻ңȻΪĶԸ˵С߰ҿҪʧˣЩҳԲˣ
һ⻰к΢΢һ϶ܳɹģϾӷղŵıȷʵǶ鱦ܸȤģ˭֪Ȼ˵
ţ±ʵôˣѵȤ𣿡
ǲǣˣ
һ⻰±ҡҡͷֽе̻ҸȻż˵ʵ˵鱦һһĻɫвٶǿԽݵģĶȻǺȤˣǡ鱦ļֵʵ̫ˣҸǳԲµģ
˵ţΪźǰ鱦˹ȥ
ʵǺ鱦ģȴҲף鱦ļֵ޷ģƾһ˵ĻǸûµģ
ˣֻѡˡ
Ȼ⻰ȴ˿˰죬ԭǷΪԼûв鱦ΪǱʲôأ
ţǿ˵壬Ȳ˵ܲȸ鱦ۣҲиף
⻰ǿЦ鱦ʵѾֻǵ鱦ԴˣһЩѾǹŶˣ鱦ʵ̫ˣʵûһ׼ȷĹۣҪ֪ĻôֻǸ㣬鱦гϵıعҲʮҵģ
ʮڣ
⻰ʱҲǳһҪ֪֮ǰĿ鱦иڵľͲˣ˭ֻ֪һѣʮڵĹۣ
ҺԣֻǱعۣ鱦ʵļ۸񣬿ǱʮڻҪˡ
ĻǧôҲǹ˵ģ
ţЦȻţǿ˵壬Ȼ˵鱦ֵʮڣô۾ͰʮˣȻҿ϶ǲܰгˣϾҪ鱦ɳƱҲҪܴ;ģҲҪܳһʱģҪˣ鱦Ҿڵļ۸ˣȻҪǾûܽܵĻôһǧҲǿԽܵģ
һ⻰һ𾪵ĴȻһŵĿ˵˵ģ鱦Ըң
Цŵ˵ͷȻˣҲһҪǾʽ֮תҵ˽˻ϣҪͬĻ鱦ˣ
⻰һڣǱİ漴ȥƺ˼ĳЩ顣
Ƭ֮ǿû⣬ҪҿԴӦ㣬мұҪ˵ʵҲǲûôʽģټҪ̫Ҳûʲôʱתˣ飬ұҪȥҵλѰæȻˣ˵ѣЩһҲˣ϶Ҳǵģ鱦ҪҲһݺˣô
飬ʵûʲôķ׻鱦˭ĵֻڵʽ𵽵ܲ׼ʱˣ˵£Ҳûı˵ͷ
Ȼ漴ԼҪǾϣںЩϰ幵ͨʱ򣬿ȥ鱦ԴΪǾҪܵģԴ˷ȻҲһڴӦֻҪǮ׬ЩҲǲʵġ
ǮѾˣôҪȻݵˣݷ˵εڲμӵѡżΪϸҪǧֻѣؼˡ
Ҳ˵ûĻôǽȥģҷҲ޷ʹõģΪȷıעҪǷϼŵϰ壡
Ƕһ޶ģÿһŶ䱸˶ļǺţҪɨſԽ룬Ҳ˵޷Ƶģ
ڷ˵һͷ۵⣬Ƕڸ˵ȴʲô¶ˣΪֻҪ˷ƣô͸ʲô¶ˣ
Ȼ⻰϶ǲ˵ˣ⻰ɷԸ߷ȽϺá
ۿŸһĵģҲǲ˵Щʲôˣ漴˳ȥûñǻˣлһ̽ӡ
˵Ȼøεˡ
ӹһΪмЦΪֻ־ȻģΨһԿöģҲǷˡ
ֽɨƿռУ±Ƕŷ˵ЩһòҲЩ̫˰ɣȻΪʲôͲʹûĵأòɣⶼ֪
ЦЦҲûȥʵһֹԵĻҶǻȥμӵģΣЩձ˿Ķĵˣʵ˵ҪҵĻⶫҽϿ϶ǵˣ
˵˵ţɫǱΪ֣С߰ȻѾҪˣôҲǲ˵Щʲôˣһǵһ£ҪСģܳɹĻô˰ɣ
ڷⷬѣʵǲôϵģΪ֪ԼȥֻܳɹʧܣңҲʧܣ
˵£Ҳû˵ЩʲôֻЦŵ˵ͷ
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ȥμӴˣһĶһЩǮˣϾǧҲʲô˶õóģȻһֱȱǮҲһֱûԼǮˡ
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ȻǮˣôϵ·Ȼǲܺˣ֮ǰǶʮһ׵·ҲܴˣõĲУǮһ㶼бں˾ģȻҲǲˡ
ڵְλʵķǺܾĪ˾ְλðϫְģһ뵽ϫ߰ӣֻ÷ˣֻϸĳˡ
Ҫ˵ϸ󡣬һ˾˼֮鲻ǶִһЩ߿ƼĶܸȤһҲѧˣҲ֪ôľȻ㵽һżʻ֤˽øǱǮһû¸ɵʱʹźܾϹԻУ
һҲЩ޿κˣϸ󡲢ûǳʲô飬ȻҲһֻ۱һֻˡ
ڶһ磬±֪ͨ˺ܾϸ󡻹аϫǸϽܾϸ󡵹ǹͦ죬Ψϫһȴ٣ȴʲôҲû˵Ϊ֪ϫںС̸ġ
һǹĶӣһյĺˣһԣʵǲ˵ЩʲôˣһֱڿŵҪôս£ȻҲû˼ȥܰϫСˡ
ȵ˾֮󣬸ŴڸǰܾϸȻǲģǰϫȴô࣬ûȸڣԼֱɳˡ
ţϫǿ˲Զǿװ鱦Ĵӣ±Щֵ˵ʲô
һ˵һֽӸ˿
ųǰĳ±ǰϫ̲ס̾һһһɷȤĿʵôżĲĹȥ﷢ˣȻ㵽ôĺö
ЦЩҲǺö𣿱ЩĻĺöɣ
˵ŻһȻ㽫еĶ˰ϫϫֽסõǰһֻľȻһƿȪˮΪҵʱҲˣο϶ҪæģȻҲˣ
ţϫ±˵ڣǼ鼴˵ɣʲôҪҰæģ


570 ȡһ
⻰ҲûôΪ֪ϫֻǰԼѲô˵ġ
һЦ֮󣬸ſϫ˵У˵ôôҿе˰˵ģȷʵҪæģ
ţŽйڶ߲鶼˵˳ȻֽжŸϫкܾϸ󡽲һ飬ȵ⻰˵ʱǰİϫܾϸ󡵱±סˡ
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼô飬ȥ˶
Ƭ֮󣬰ϫһŵĿ˵ȻᣬϢʵе̫ˣһʱе㷴ӦûĻ˵ȥһͥȻͥȥ˶ŻͶ̫Ӵһܣ֮ǰ򶷵λ̫Ϊͽ
һ⻰±ǱΪ˵ôĸͲصصӦ֮ǰ˵ļƻ
ŵ˵ͷ˵ûȻȷʵЩ˼Щģǰ鱦Ƕ͸ҵģҡ
һĹ򣬸ǱΪϫͲصصô飬Щ춼ʲô
ϫ˼ĵ˵ͷźǿҿ԰㣬ҲһҪİæ
һȻʼּۻˣ
εĿ˰ϫһۣŵ˵ͷ˵˵ɣֻҪ飬һģ
ϫЦЦİɣڱ˵죬Ƕ˵ȴ練ˣһ
סס
ϫû˵꣬ȴǺһͣƣȻһ˵׵ĻͲҪ˵ˣϽ㵽ҪҰʲôæɣ
ۼˣϫҲͲٶ˵Щʲôˣֱӿ˵ͥһλϵʥˣԻ̫ϵ棬ʶ𣿡
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ϫȻ̫ϵ棬ЩԾԾԾ»ǻش֪Ҳֹ֪һȥ֮ǰǸϽ«㻹ǵǸеõģ
ϫһ⻰ЦȻ󿪿ڵȻĻô¿Ƿ˰
ˣʲô˼ѵϫһȻȥʹ𣿲ܰɣȥʹ𰡣
ɻ󣬸±ǿʵ˵ϫòҰȥͥλʥ˾סɣ¶Ļô㻹Ǳ˵ˣΪҸǰﲻģ
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ȡһĲ͵ôǵҪͥ͵ҾȻǴ̫ϵĶʹ͵ϫȻ˵ʲôʮֵķ㣬겻ǿӵ
ʱ˿̣ǵǸһ𾪣ܾϸҲˣȥ飬ܾϸȻҲЩȣƬ֮ǷӦˣϾͥȥȥһ˶ôˣ
ϫȻ׼øʥ˵ڸȡһʱǿζˣҪ֪ʥ˿ϵĴڣͨ죬Ҫȥʥ˵͵ֱǴ
Ե£ܾϸǸæ˵ˣ򲻿ɰ
ݵ֮󣬸ƽֶԺܾϸ˰֣ʾǰһЩȻϫ˹ȥ
ò˵ϫҪȷʵǺøѽģȻϫûȥͥǸóӦҲ֪̫ϵͥĵλģȻ֪ôȻҲ֪ԼҪĻҪеķˣ
ȸţϫǾԲԼκζעģԣԼǸ߹ģһԼΣյʱ򣬸ţϫ϶ǻ᲻һеĵԼǰģ
Ͼϫ˴˿̾ԼռУǵǺԼһԼʲôµĻôϫҲ׶༪ˣ
ֻƾ㣬±ǿԶ϶ϫһ飬϶ԼİȫΪǰģ˵飬ǲ
뵽±ЩɻȻҲǲżܾϫˣǿϫʵҴ̫ϵڸȡʲô
⻰ϫǵһЦȻһ֣ص˵ҪȡĶǱģ̫ϵ𣡡


571 ŵϸ

⻰ʱ򣬸е±һŰϫҪ޷Ǿɵ֮Ķ˭뵽ϫҪľȻ̫ϵأ
̫ϵһΪĹ˵һ㶼ģҪյˣ¼仹ûмµģ
ɣʹĺ캢ʱǱĽڽڰˣ
Ǿĳɣ𶼵ÿվˣ
ҲʲôĿʹõıûпԿķţôʣӴˣǻᱻճɷɻҵģ
ʵЩףϫҪʲô
˵ϫ»滹һĻأӦҲ֪İʲô
ţǿϫʵҪʲô
ϫҡͷʱܸ㣬õ֮ȻǻģңӦ𣿡
ˣ㲻
һԵĺܾϸ˵Щʲôȴֱָֹˡ
ǰİϫǲ˵ҲӦĻҲˣ
ᣡϫҡͷﲻңҶһģΪǷģҲв㣡
ܺã
⻰ȴЦȻϫȻҲ֪ʲôһǾӦˣİɣлˣһģ
Ȼ֪ϫЩʲô飬ջǾӦ˰ϫҪԭֻΪŰϫŰϫһзҪ𲻿ɵɣ
ɰϫûиȻҲǲʵģΪţõ͸ϫʱ򣬰ϫȻҲǻɸԼģ
Ӷʹ͵ô˵е㲻ܵģ̫ϵ˼ҲڶʹĻôðһ㣬ֻҪϴһЩöѽͯͯǺ忪ˣȻǿھͳɡ
Ȼˣ̫ϵ˼ҲڶʹĻô취ȴвͨˣϾǿʥ˵Ƥӵ£ָʲô飿
飬ֻЩͷۣҲͲȥˣϫҲû˵ʲôʱҪҲǲģҪģǵøϽ飡
ţſǰ˵ˣŵҶѾǸˣʱٰѾļƻǣǻȳɣ
ȥʲôѵھͳ𣿡
ϫЩֵʵ
ȻżȴҲûһ̶ͣĵزϾ߲ʱѾǵõƣʱǲٳʲôģҪȥĵطܲһ㣬ҪǴ·Ļܿ˼Ҷǽȥһȴǳȥ·ɣ
˵⻰ʱ򣬸ȴҲǲɵΪΪ֮ǰнӵƵĵ绰ȻƲûж˵ЩʲôǲˣǷĲ÷Ƹȥˡ
ε̾˿˳ȥ
ȥ֮ûпϫĳ±ΪĿϫʵϫĳأ
ϫร֮ǰһСģ㱬ըˣ

һ⻰ʱһΣȴҡҡͷˣû˾ûˣȻȥһˣ
ˣǲҲ
ۼˣһԵϸʱЦеĴ˹֪һʲôˡ
֮ǰϸǮճʹ֮⣬ûʣˣϸĳҲһΪõĶֳóһȷʵҲҪһ³ģ
˵ⶼʲô¶˵ϸǳģӦҲǷҵĵˣշ֮ǰΪ治һҵӸеΪ
ţշ֮˼䣬һȻǲٺˣȴҲûΣϸô˵Ҳ˼ʮֵϤˣźܾĻҲܾܰ˼úһǽأǵûﵽܾʲôæҪѺܾˣ
ãܾ־ᶨһֱûôܵӰ졣
һ뵽Щ飬±۾һɣȻ󿪿ڵôˣ㻹Ҫʲôұס˼ĿľΪչ˺øۣأкúչ˹ҿɸ㣬ҪȥĻҿǲ˼ȥˣ

⻰ϸ󡵱±ǸһҪҪǮһóģ˭֪ǵǮûҪȻǱһ٣˵˼ȥˡ
⻹ǰʯͷԼĽŰ˼ôңڣϸһ᲻õģ
ţϸ󡵱ǱɫȻһĿˣСԩС֮Իôʵڰа
ƨȾҲԼȥסĵطѾ˶ٵľƿˣ
û˵
ϸһ⻰ǱƿһǳɫΪ˵ģģ
ϸģҲǲˣҪ֪ȻϸƽǷŵһЩȴҲûԼǹʲô鷳ԼԸ飬ϸҲǿԲɵġ
ţĿǻϸˣ֮ǰˣҲ׷ˣһϣԺעһ㣬ڳҪôˣҪαֺõĻԺҾ͸һ³
һ⻰ϸ϶ʱתˣ±ĵԼŵģСĿ϶µģ
ۼˣ΢΢һЦȻ˳
·ϵʱ򣬸ֻͻȻֻһжʱҲ쵽أ˭뵽ھ͵ˡ
ϴڵʽ𣬸鵹ҲǼΪ泩Ȼţӱʻƽһ4Sꡣ
˳֮󣬸±ǼΪˬĶ԰ϫ˵ϫ㿴ɣҪԣ͵Ҷĳлˣ
ȻϫҲûпȵԱ˵ݸʱ򣬸ҲǲɵһΪһѡľȻһֵһǧıʱݺ
һԵϸֱҪѪģԼ˰
һǧĺǹ˵㣬ǺڸѾڵʽǮҲʲôˣ˸Ҳûôԥıֱˢ˿
£4SʱˣرǽӴ˰ϫǸС˿ֱ̼ҪҸιȥˣΪһǧУǻõٵĳɵġ
˳漴ȥ·ʮµװȥˣýӴǵЩԱľѣ˵¿ˡ
ĸˣܹ˰װԼ׵Ь࣬õٶߵʱǿԶŮװΪݻ˵˼Ȥ漴ʵǼôģ
£Ա̬ȻҲʮֵĹۿŸ𣬵±мԱ·
¹еʺĹնǼΪϳ˵ģȫֹģǡ
Щͷۣ±ǴϵˣֱӸҶǮɣýˣ
ЩͷԱҲǲҶ˵Щʲôˣֱӱļ۸İʮ򣬵ǼѾôĶǿΪۣİˣ
ǵ˵ͷĿߵļԱ˹ȥЩԱЩ˼
Ƭ֮󣬸ָԱ˵׺ͲɣоЬҲæһװɣ
ȻҪ͸ƵģΪƵ۹ʵ̫ˣʵǲ֪ϲʲô·˵ˣ·طҲǲȱġ
Ҫ͸ˮõ
ȻҲһʱѪˣˮõϲϲҲǲ֪ˣ
߰˰˼·֮󣬸ĿѾʣһǧˡ
ͷ׼ϣǴȥһҷԺһ٣ȵ׼ؼҵʱѾʱˡ
Ҫҵʱ򣬸ĵ绰óֻһֻȻǷƴġ
΢΢һЦ˵ƹȻǳɹ˵˷
ţǸæ˵绰
ûڵʱ򣬵绰ͷȴǴ˷ЩŹֵ
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ʵ˵ĹŹ֡
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ʱ򣬸ǲһ˿ԾĵطʵЩ벻ףôͻȻʵ⡣
㵽ô˰ΪʲôͻȻˣ
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ȱ˵ˣϽǸͽܵ׽ʲôְɣ
Щż˵
ۼˣбǸΪɻȴǻشҹаҹǶ̫ӣ
ǾͶˣ
绰ͷƺǼǴ˹
ſһˣԳͽ̫ܶӰҹ


572 ҹ

һ⻰һӱסˣ˵⵽ʲôҼſڣȻԳҵͽܣ
ţǻعȻæʵǸʲôӣ
֪Щ˵ǸվأҲҿţǲͽܰǵĻôҾͷ˰
⻰ҲڷӦˣԭƴʱѾǵļ˰
׼˵Щʲôʱ򣬺ֻ绰ͷǴһΪϤ
ʦڵĻ͸ҿŰ
һ˲䣬ЩˣΪ֣˵ľȻǰҹ
ôأҹһﲻڶôͻȻ˼ˣҪ֪ûֻһ˶ˣôӶϹģ
ԼòҲûַһôҵģ
ʦҿŰ
ڸ˼ʱ򣬵绰ͷǴ˰ҹ
Ȼ㲻⵽ôһ£Ǹʱȴǿ԰ٷְٵȷˣʱ˿վſڵˣǰҹɣ
εҡҡͷǶŵ绰˵ƣɣڿȷǶľ̫ҲҵͽܰҹˣȻţʮ֮ͻ
ô˵绰ͷķҲ˿ȻǺðɣ֪ˣҲϽɣ
ţŹҶ˵绰ȻǺݺݵĲ˼š
ۿŷǹҶ˵绰һԵعæʵôô˵ģ
Ƶ˵ˣ˾Ƕ̫ӣǷ

һ⻰ع±ǳһȻæǺܲȷĿʵɵô˵𣿡
ƵҲЩԼʶҹҲͰˣΪûмҹҲûȥӦҹһĴڣعһȻûмҹôӦҹϢأ
Ͼ񣬰ҹҲȻԸӦΪΪʲô͸ӦҹϵϢأ
ţƵҲûôԥֱӱ㿴һԵعʵع⵽ô°ΪʲôϵϢأ˵Ǻܼ򵥵𣿡
عüֵĵطˣȻ˵Ƕ̫ӣȴǺһ˿ΪҲƽƽôһλ̫Ӱ⻰˵ˣȻɶô˵ˣôش˿˶ȻǶ̫ˣǻɣ
ⷬȻЩģϾʲô֮Ķ֮ǰҲδۿعҲͬҪ˷ŽҲֻ΢ԥһ£ȻǰȥŴ˿
ò׿ǰһ˿춯İҹҲǱЩ˷ȻæǺһ
֨
һ죬ǰǴ˿ûȿǰʲôˣҹ±ǰȥлͽҹݼ
ȻҲʦ
ۿŰҹҪȥʱ򣬷Ƶ
⻰ҹҲüͷΪԣ˵ǸŮģԲܻǸ
ȻǸֻ˭أ
ţҹֱӣ漴۵ģһŮһͷͷĵһۣҹ±ϳݡ
˵֮ǰһֱû˼䣬Ҳûм˼عͥҹȴȥٴˣͥҲعģҲ֪ô£Щعϴ·һģһģϲѡ
òҲе㲻ԾعӦʲô
ҹǺĴһǰķƺعȻ±ǲܲ˵ĳ˽ȥһ߳廹һߺʦˣﰡ
عҲڷˣΪ֣ȷʵǿļԼģȻļԼô϶ͲһˣԼ֮ҲûбʲôӦ˵Լ˵˵ȷʵ֮ϵģ
ټղ˵ЩԼ֮ǰԸ飬ع±ǿȷˣ
Ƕ̫ɣ
ţعСĶԷ˵ҿӦû˵ѣȷʵǶ̫ӣҲɵͽܣ
ʵϣ⻰ع˵ҲͿˡ
ϾڵѾûʲô˻ᴩŹװ߶ˣرһʤѩĹװ
Уô˲ǷӾɣ
ԣǰλȻںˣ


573 ʦ
һ뵽ƵǱΪ˷
ϾǰλʤѩɹŴӸ˿һ
ʲôǻĵͼڣǻĳǧشڣò׼һˣôܲأ
ع̽ͷ̽Եһ£û֮ŽŸˡ
Ͼǰλ̫ӿɸһλ̫ӿʵģһôҡҪǱ˿ĻôܻܿСӰ졣
ʦİһ°ɣ
һͷҹɤӺ
ʱҲڹ˼Ȼҹ˵̫ӣ㲻ٺˣڣĻӦþͻˣ
⻰ҹ͵תȻĴǰķƣƬ֮Ϊʵ˭Ϊʲôʦļ
˭
һ˲Ĺ򣬷ƵǷӦˣȻǸæҽܡ
̫ãҽзƣǸŮѣ
ҹһ⻰üͷΪʵЩ㲻Ůѡʲô˼ţȴ뵽ʲôȻһȵĿŷƺ֪ˣҵʦɣ
ʦʦ
ĳƺ±÷ЩˣȻûӦʱһԵİҹȻһЦĶȥ
ʦϣͽһݣ
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ҹģƴ˿̵еֻһΣ˶ʮˣǵһƺԼ˵ƺһֻڵϲܿ𣿶ұƺĶһ͵Ůˣô
ҡҹǸͽܣܱҹΪʦģȻҲֻиˣǡµݺǻûһ
ţֻǰİҹѾֱӣȻһЦ˹ղŸԸ飬Ƶ±æŰҹ˵ʦϾͻˣҪȥһ°ɣ
ҹЦŵ˵ͷȻˣôʦˣ
һЦÿ
ţһǰһĽ
Ϊǵһ˼䣬԰ҹһжǳ˺棬ȻҲǲϹԹԵŵȺˣǿʼ߶ҹ۲ҲǽݲĽ߿ˣΪ֣ʵûλ̫ദһһʦЩܲˡ
ʱſںǴһ춯һҵĽŲƲҲ֪϶Ǹˣ±Ǹæ˳ȥͬʱҹȻҲ춯Ҳǿ첽˳ȥ
һСܵ˸ǰƵ±ǵԸ˵Ǹ̫ôоֵֹģ
𻰣ֻ䲻ԶĵطǳһɫӰ֮ıһʦ
ͷһüͷһȷʵǰҹûһϴ·ô°ȻһװʤѩĹװһѵ֪˼Ҫ͵
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˵⻰ǻعͷȥİϫ˵Ҳһɣ
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֮󣬸˶ȻһĿҹҲڶúôŵôܵˣôģôҵҵģ
ҹͻȻ֣øЩͷˣΪҪ֪°ҹԼУ޷ģһķж¶Ҳһǿͨ˰ˣһﵽôأ
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⻰ҹ˼ĵ˵ͷȻ˵ʦ˵Դ֮Ҿдסˣֱʳ֪ζ޲ˣڽһʱʵ̲סˣȻҵһλֳҹˣ
㸸֪𣿡
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⻰ϫܾԼϸҲûôԥıֱ˳ȥƬ̼Ĺ˲ֻʣ¸ƻаҹˡ
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µǸˣҹȻʧȥû˻ı£һЩķӦûڵġ
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ڸĸ룬ҹȻǸæͷӦˣʵϲøѣҹҲǾԲġ
ԭֻΪ֮ǰĸʾѾúõĸһˣǰҹȻҲǷֵصġ
һٷలµĳˣڼ䲢ûǳκε鷳Ҳһ
ȵǻؼҵʱȻϾŵˡ
ǽҹϻķ䣬ŽԼķ䣬֮ǰһֱûʲôͷһҲûʱȥе鵽ôˣǿЩȲˡ
˭֪հűϣȴЩߵ˵ʲôͽܿסģɱˣ
Һʲô
һʱ䣬ǿЦõЦȻ˵뵽ȥˣʵ㣬ȥе飬㸸ĸûдӦ
һ⻰ƵŸЩʲô¶û뵽ԭֻһѡ
ֻƬ̼Ĺ򣬷ƺǻָǲͬģǼܲסҺ˵˵ջͬˣ
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ʱһԵķȴǽȻæǰ㽫еĵ绰˹ȥֻϵĺ뻹ûȥ֮󣬷˿
ȴЩֻһĿŷ˵ΪʲôҲܴ绰أ
Ϊʲô԰Ϊʲô㲻ܴ绰أΪʲôأΪʲôأ
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εҡҡͷ㲻ȥˡ
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УƽһҲڻʡֱϽУƽвͬǣ⽭ȴһʥأ
⻰һɺ±ͣеĻƣȻ˵Ǵ˰ɣҿߵʱдһӣװӦþ·ɣ
ร˾ͺãȫһ㣡
˵ͷ˵
ǽţһɺֻ˵˵Ƕٵǲе㲻ð֮ǰ˵ǸˣҪչһļ٣Ҽ˸ûʲô˰˵ʲôиҪĻҪμӣ˼ļ٣ҪһֱȥĻĳɼǻ½İ
һɺĻ±ЦȻΪп˵һɺʵɣҪǼ֮ǰĻҿ϶ǲôģԴǼ·֮ҲǿĿˣʲôȥʲôɣ¾ǲѧҲûʲôֻҪܿġƽƽģҾˣۼǮҲˣ
˵Ǽ£ָȻǵƱܵǼˣǼȻȥ˺ܾãȴǷһȥĿ
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˵գһЦ
ͬʱңۿŸûлԼƵҲ˿˵øûѵ绰ȥ绰ҪǴͨ˵Ļǿɾˣ
ʵҲҪƭĸĸģֻΪ֪Ҫ˵ʵĻôĸĸһǲŸһȥģ¸ȷʵҪģ޿κ֮£Ҳֻѡǰ취İ취ˡ
ιʲôأ
˼ʱ򣬸̧ͷһǿһЦĿԼ
һʱ䣬Ƶ±ǸæӦ˹Ȼ˵Ŷûʲôûʲôֻ飬֮ǰ˵ôգֻЩĶѣ
⻰ɫһӱĺ֣Ȼû˿ԥı㽫§˻һһٵ˵ģⱲҲκ˺ģԶᱣ㣡ҵĳŵһŵ


575 
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ʦҲˣҸʻҸһţ㡭
ʣµĻҹѾ˵ˣΪʱ˿̣ŷԼǲӦóġ

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Űҹһ֣أЩ漴ǵͷš
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ǷУͷβ㵹ûҪ˵ɱ֮飬֮ǰ֮ԻᣬֻΪͷǾ䡰Ϊ˻ȥˡڸԾǰҹҪɱ˵˼ˣĽȴǴĳ֮⣬ҲʮֵͷۺΡ
ΪⰽȻûҪɱˣҪڸֱǱɱ˻ҪԽܣ
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ȻƺҲ뵽ڸ˵ЩԽܵģ˵ˣҪѡȨҲ˵ֻǵȸˣҹܽ˱ɺ壬ûиͬĻôҹ˽
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ϸһƣֻϫܾϸ󡻹аҹ˶ǵˡ
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֮ǰȻٲ˶ع䣬ǻĻһҪĸ֪ԼԴˣعȻҲڴӦˡ
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ҹҲΪĿ˵ȾȻպޣȴҲ⣬ϾⶫǾסĵطΪʲôԼסĵطҪȾأĻУĺ𣿡


576 
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飬˭Ĵ˭˵أ
£ֻǻشеҪӶˣһʱҲû취㣬ҲͲ˵ˣǻרעǰɣ
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Űɣң

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һ⻰֪ҹȷʵЩвסˣһ룬µĴţξʹȥˣԼҲÿϾѾǵˣЩİҹסʲôõ顣
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ڸȥܾʵûжȤֻҪøԸͿˣ˵£ǵ˵ͷ
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һԱһ£±֪Ϻ泡ľ·ߣԷ˵Ϻ泡֮ǰѾ˵ʱ򣬸кӿһ˿õԤУ


577 δ
˵ԼκĽ㲻ǹ󣬵ҲʲôùɣҪĸӰЩڰｻһ
˵ԷǳĳҪף׼һʣ
ȫûΪʲôҪôأȤҿóһģҲ֪϶һѶԸȨƵˣԷ϶Ҳ֪飬Ŀʲôأ
˵ֻԼˣԷȷʵֻΪ˰ȫ룿
һʼջ벻ͨеԵɣҲͲȥˣ˵ԼϾҪȥˣʱ򲻾֪
ԷֻΪ˰ȫ룬ôȻҲǲΪѶԷģɶԷҪ׼һʵĻôҲǲˣ
˳֮󣬰ҹʵʦ֮ǰǼ㿼ǵôˣ
֮ǰΪзڳ⻰ҹҲЩ̫ÿڣֻʣˣҹȻҲûʲôԹ˼ɵˡ
һϵŰȫһ˵ǼҴӦˣҲˣûõҵ֮ǰԲܶκ飡
ǴӦҹ±Цû⣬ʦĺˣûͷǾԲֵģ
ǵ˵ͷȴЩͷҹʵҹǶΪʲô㻹飿
ҹһ㶣ŸæǷӦ˹ȻֵʦˣҵȷʵģҾҵڣҲģ֮µģҲֻҵĸʺͼλˣ
Ҫôһһأ
Ϊʵ
ҹһЦźһĹкǳһöɫӡ
ĺ棬±ʵʲô
ҹǵ˵л飬Ƕһ챦ӵܽκɺֻҪöһգ˾ͻɺˣ
Բۣô
˰ҹĽܣɵҲǶöӲ˼ŨȤƬ֮ǱɫȻŰҹ˰ֵˣѾ֪ˣ㻹ǸϽɣǧˣҪһСİұô죿
ҹһ⻰ЦЦߵʦ̫ˣ⻯ȻҲֻǶһķ˻ĵͼЧˣɣ϶Чģ
ŶԭôҾͷˣ㻹ȰɣȵҪʹõʱóɣ
˼ĵ˵ͷǶ԰ҹ˵
ۼˣҹ±ǽ
ţŷϺ泡ķȥˡ
ͬʱĳֵϣŮĲţֻŮһԼĪʮ꣬һԼĪʮ꣬һֻʮң
ʣŮȻ껹йˣ
տʼʱǵҲǹãΪ͹϶ŲٵǮЩǮǸƽʱǵ㻨ǮЩ㻨ǮǵĿĵ˺ü졣
ϧǺþЩǮûþͱˣȻǿνĳأǴʱ˿̣ȴ޷ˡ
ЩйǣνĺĳؾȻһģ˵ʲôĶˣһʵĿѡ
ԴҲЩɵˣôҲ벻ǰǸ羰ĳôͻȻӣ
ǵҲû취ˣΪǮѾǻʱĳˣʱ˿̣ǾҪ뿪ﶼˡ
絽УΪûǮĹϵȻҲûطסˣŮֻǼһ˵ĵطһҹ
͹ҲˣϾǰʲôյĵطû¶һҲʲôԽܵ飬ȴǲһˣΪͥĹʱܵί
رǵϢʱ򣬺͹м䣬оģϾҪĻ͹϶ԼĴϣǸһ¶޽ͷ
Уȷⳡҳ¼Ⱥ
ҲҪÿ֮ǰܾǷʱʱûΪ֪ҪǴ˿Ļôʮа˾ŻᱻЦģ飬ܲ˵ģ
ڶһ磬˱˹֮˵ĶǲɵýȻĶˣǵȴûһǮˣͷ
Դӵ䷲֮󣬾Ŀռ䶼޷ˣȻҲ޷ռЩóˣں͹ȴûˡ
ˣǶӶҪԷİ
ٰ֮£굱±Ƕ͹˵ԼԻˣҲͨ취ʱµȻЩ˵֣ҵȻȥ֮øӱĻǣ
취˵ڣ±ǱˣΪʵ̫ˣΥԼݣ
գԼϵһ׼ȥԵĶ˵֧ͥ˼˵ȻҲϡ䱦ˣеɫˣ϶ǻ䱦ģȻҲֻڹŶ֮ĵطˡ
ϧǣǼͲ֪飬Ȼֱֻ˻ˡ
ӵһλʮ긾ŮۿͰ͵Сһֻӣ±ֱӳûǸΣΪСʵ̫ˡ
һл̻֮ʵĳ֮󣬱ֿʼĿĵİĳת˼һ׸ô졣
ʱĺܿ죬תۼǵˣϳԵҲѾǱˣ˵ĶӺǿʼۿİĳУ̾˿
֪Ͳˣ
һԵĺ͹Ȼû˵ЩʲôǺʵģǴ˿ȻҲǺڲѣĻôأϵһԱߵʱǴͷ
ʱߵһ·ڣŵҪôߵʱĿǱԶһڵźƵȥˡ
ôôɨǵĳأ
ֹһ䣬Ȼ˹ȥ
ֻһۣ±ǼΪΪʱ˿̣ڼʻϵĲǱˣղŻ߶ŵɨǣ
⻹޴갡
⡭⵽ô£Ѿ赲ɨǺ͹֮ϵ˰Ϊʲôɨһﻹҵǣ
ģ⵽ô£
ȲѵʱĿһڸϵһҲǳҰ֮С
ǡǲǶľ̫Ӱҹһôɨһģ
ҹ֮ʱȥͥÿʱǻȥҰҹ棬ҹҲһһض㺰ȣԶⰽҹΪϤˡ
ѾǹǧˣҹòҲǷЩ仯һӾϳˣ˾Ծǰҹɣ
ǡΪ̫ӵİҹΪʲôͥɨһأòһôҲϹϵİɣ⵽ô°
˼ʱֻԶĵط̵ƣȻţĳǰʻȥˡ
ȵعʱǰﻹӰ
ض㣬ôˣʲôأ
ʱĶͻȻ˺
һ˲Ĺ±ǷӦ˹Ȼæһ𾪵Ŀ˵С꣬ղûп
ʲô
ǺĿʵ
شĻֱһԵĹʵûп
һԵĹҲһɻҡҡͷȻ˵Ҳ˵ĵʲô
ףǾûˣ
ţ±׼ղſһĻߺ͹ǺʱȻ뵽Լ֮ǰԸ˵Щ
ţЩԥΪֻ֪ҪѸղż˵ô͹϶ֱȥҸģôʱָô죿
һȥҸȻ󱻸䳰ȷ
Уܲ
˵ú͹ȥҸȻһ˼İĳתƣ
ҲСҲЩܲˣ
ҪҪǲҪˣ͵ԼղʲôҲûˣ
ţȻһ
ţعʱǿ͹һԼȻǵȴԼĻش
һЦȻ˵ʵҲûʲôҾǸ·ѣ
ֻ
⻰͹ЩɵĶһۣȻЩŸղǰ쳣ľٶֻΪڿҪ·ѡ
ƺҲǲ飬Ϊ˱͹׷ʣ±ǿ첽ǰ
ۼˣ͹ȻҲǲ˵ЩʲôˣǸȥ


578 ܺ
ڸղŷ飬ͰҹȻҲǺ޲ˣҲ벻ȻҲǴź͹У벻ǣڸոյһ˲䣬ȻǺǲˣ
ģֻҪȥͷ
ûһܺǱϡȻǳķΧˣֹһԶı㿴ԶĵطһܴӣдϺ泡֡
ܴһ£İҹ˵ҹȻעһ£ûô򵥣
ҹһ⻰ʱҲ˼־񣬸æӦİɣף
ţʻϺ泡
֮ǰǸԱȻûƭˣϺ泡һ֪ѾǱܾˣһҵľȻ޷ס˵ġ
֮ͣ󣬸±Ǵ򿪳ǻͷԳϵİҹ˵ȲҪˣҸǸйԼֻһȥ㻹ŰɣҪǳʲôĻٳɣ
ҹ͸ĴһܣȻʵʦǽ쵽ģ
ˣһҪˣҪĶ
⻰ҹ±˼ĵ˵ͷȻֵðɣȻ˵ĻôҾͲȥˣҪǳʲôĻǵĺң
˵ͷȻ𸱼ʻϵһƤ䣬ֽŸˡ
Ȼ˵һֽǮһֽôȻҲǵ׼һֽˣ˵Ҳʲô£޷Ǿ鷳һѡ
װһֽƤ䣬Ϻ泡˽ȥ
Ϻ泡Ȼ˵һ泡Ǳ泡ȴǸһССĴӣϺ泡滹һ߽Сĸо
һкЩ׼óֻϵʱ򣬲ԶطȴǺһ춯
̧ͷһֻһԼ߰СкͻȻǳǰ
֮ǰѾǲ鿴ˣϺ泡һȫĵطΧ֮඼ûκ˼ҵģȻû˼ңôȻǲʲôСܵˡ
ô˵Скˣ
Ҳôܣ
ѾЩˣΪʵûǰСкϵҲе̫ѧ˰ɣ
׼ѯһǰСкʱֻԶĵطǴһ춯ȻţǳһʮҵСк
ţĸ
һӵĹ򣬾ȻǴ˷ܳ˶ʮСΧ
ֻЩСдСŮĴʮ꣬СĿֻѣһָһߺĴ
ϲɵñǹ˺ߣǶʼ鴤ǧ㣬Ҳû㵽
֮ǰܻԼһҲ׼ԷȻ׼Լô϶ǻһ׳ģһˣȻǲģǸ֪Լɣ
ǡôҲû뵽ֻǲǰͷȴûвβӵ񣬾ȻһܺӶԸԼ
꣬ҪԼְ
ϾЩɶ޹СӰﾭסһȭȭģ
һ뵽ͺ޵
񣬹ǻͷȥˣҪǱץĻôһĺúõĽѵһ٣
ȻЩԺˣҪģǰʮܺӵ飬һҪЩܺһӿϵĻôû취ˣϾôܺ￴ţҲʹκεķ
ţ±ֿ죬ȻװǺɫĶǰһܺ˵СǣôܵôƫƧĵطأ֪֪ǵĸĸܵǰĻϽȥǵɣ߿ߣ
˵ţǸæ˻֣ҪɢǰȺܺӣǣЩܺӸͲô
⻹ǡͦεİ
£ǳһ¡
ǽ׹ˣЩ֮ܺԻ϶ǵķԸˣ˵ƤӣЩҲδػˡ
ҸΪҪǣΪֹûأҲûԼҪĶأ
ţֻֻû˿ԥ±ǽֻ˳ֻһֻʾģȻϢ
еӽǰǸкȷЩǮԺȻҪĶ㣡


579 С
һţȴЦ˳˿еޱȵѻ𣬿ȴ޴йϾǰһЩСӣܲǶǷɣ
˵õһհˣǽأԷȴǶڰˣһôһѵܺԼ˵ҪǮôģ浱ԼɵӰ
ﶼ֪Ҳ֪㳤ʲôӣôܾǮ㣿һǮ·ˣô죿
ţһȻһű˵֮ǰ˵õģˣǮҲˣ涼¶ôһСΧң˵ʲôҰǮǰккǮ֤֤֮ٽң㵱ɵ𣿺ãȻĻôҾǵĽҲûбҪٽȥˣҲҪˣһһԼźˣǾʹ˱ɣ
˵⻰±׼ת뿪ˡ
Ȼûֱӵ֤ݣǸҿ϶϶ǶĳһģϾôһ飬϶ֻЩСģӸղŵĶҲǿԿˣһ϶Ƕ͵͵ĹԼ
Ȼ˵Ļôֻİ취ƳˣȻȱǮô϶ǲῴҪֵһ˵ģֻҪԼҪߣ϶ǻģ
ȻڸһֻŵʱֻÿҲ֪϶Ϣˣ
취ЧȻˣ
ţ̵Ľֻ˳ֻʾģȻϢ
ȵȡ
ֻʾĵȵ֣֪ڿ϶ѾڿԼҪҪˣ£һ˵һﻹ鷳úõĽײ𣿷Ҫô鷳
һûпڸȵЩͷʱֻ
һ㣬ڴ֮ǰܵҼһЩǮǼٰɣģβҪȫǮˣֻҪһЩͿˣ
һ룬ǿԽܣ˵±ǽƤ˿ȻǰǸСкǰ˵ðɣ˵ˣֻ򣡡
Ƥմ򿪣ǰЩСǳԾĳͣж¶˼ΪĽ飬вٵ˾Ȼֱ
ۼˣæǽӾٵĸһЩȻ˵ҶǮֻ֮һã˵Ļҿɾֱ˰
⵹ǸСˣЩģ˵ЩСƨҪһӵϵǮô죿ǰһȺС죬ôʹһ٣ǰЩһﲻС찡ֻһȺ˵СӣҪô֣
ЩСǮһɢԼָôȥץأ
Ϊ˰ȫ룬±Լ
⻰һڣ±һʮҵкվ˳ڸǰЩС˵ˣǸϽָջȥɣǮɲģ
ĳ˵кǰһȺСĺˣһڣԵС±ǰȻ۾ǳԼеƤ䣬ǵȴǹضˣ
ţǸ˵кתȻͰ˵ģֻ򣡡
ͷ±ǽƤǸкҲ֮󣬱Сһ·СԶһС˹ȥ
˵ȻĲ֮ˣ
ʵ˵ʱ˿̣˲ƹȥȻ񾾳ʹһ٣һȻһȺСƣ̫ɶˣ
ǸܣΪ˿ǰʮСӿأҪô˵ĻָôЩСӽأʱһЩСԼ鴫˳ȥôɾˣ
£Ҳֻӵ
ûһ򣬲ԶǼСһ˿춯Զĸ㿴֮ǰǸСк˳ģһģˣ֮˵ģȫΪ˰Լʵʵģϴһľ²˵ͷҲһΪ޴ñӡ
˵Ȼˣ
ֹʲôʱ˾ȻĿʾˣѵĳ˲ܼ˵ĵز
ԶĿ˹ΧڸߵȺСƨǵ±ǻһɢ˿Ȼӿ˹ȥǸ˹
Ҳǲһ˿ԾĶԷΪȺСƨ֮ԻֻΪŵһЩôڿƺô°
ЩС̬ȣһָм飬飬ԲܻΪĳֽ׶ֳģ
һﵽʲô˰
һʱ䣬ҲǸӵĺ
ھʮҵĵطͣҲֱӸ˵ڸղǸкĶ˵˼仰ǸкǵͷȻ˹лһɫС
Сһ˲䣬±һΪ֪СĶӦþҪ֤ˡ
ȻСкߵߵʱ򣬱˵ûƭˣǮȷʵģڿʽĽˣҪĶһֽǮһֽɣ
⻰Цʵ˵ʵеϲǰСкˣΪСкһ伫Ϊĳ죬Ҫ֪Լʮʱ򣬿ֻ֪Ϸ
СӣȻһˣ
ˣȴҲûнף±ǿ˵ǮѾˣӦģҲӦɣȻô֪װǲҪĶأ
⻰СкϺһ˿ԥȻǻعͷԶ˹ȥƺ
ȻҲ˸ĻݵĳĬ֮ǵ˵ͷۼˣСкŻͷðɣɣ
˵ŻǽеСݸ˸
ǽƤڵýŲסȻֽӹСкСһԷ֣СȻţпģֹҲǲô
̾˿˵ôϴҲʮ飬ͲһÿĶװһ
Թ֮󣬸ǽС˿漴۵ģʮƬһֻ
óƬ˼ۣ±ȷԼҪĶˣǽֻͼ˿˲ǿһѵͼƬ
ֻеͼƬ±ǵͷ˵ûҪĶˣ
ȻĻ㡭
ˡ
Ск׼ڸҪǮʱֻԶĵطǴһҵ±ˣһֹһ
Բۣѵ˵кУЩСкֻǴͷģڲŵˣ
ţ±Ƕң
ͬʱԶҲͻȻŸң
⻰һڣ˵±ǲԼͬסˣȷӦ˹±ǶŸǰǸСкǮùҪˣ
Скһ㶣ŸæǻعȻ̱ſڵӡ
ҪµĻֻҪõµӣô˿϶òģǴʱ˿̣ȴǼΪԾ˼ȫڽµϣǸСкҲûö㽫ӳˡ
õ֮Ск±ǿ첽߱˹ȥ
ҲʱŷӦ˹
Ӧһ˲䣬һŵĿŲԶ񺰵ԲۣûиȻǸŮģ
ȻӦģȴֻһӰ
ôҲ벻νȻһŮˣ˵õأòһҲѧ
ǴӸղ˵仰ȷʵһŮˣһ䲻ŮˣոĹ㣬ҲǶʮҰɣ
ǡʵЩ˰ȻһŮˣΪʲôҪأѵͲܽС
ǰķʵе󰡣
˵ⳡѾˣ˫ҲǸõԼĶӦҲûʲôҪˣڸȴôˣΪҪΪָ֤֤ǼһأҪǱ˵ĻôԼȥ
ţǸæ׷ȥ׷ιһȣһеҪİ
ǣڸⷬȴǲˡ
ҪҪʹ˲ʱֻǰ治ԶĵطǴܳһסǵȥ·
ۼˣһ˶ʱǱŻˣȻæһ˹ȥǽţһ˳һ·Ҳˡ
ţһ˳涼ˣΨһʣµģֻһ·ˣ
·ȴǸڵĵط
ҧҧǴһȺСŸڵķ˹
ϾǱȺ֮ͿҪƶˡ


580 ֮
ͻȻֵһĻҲøЩӦˣ֮ǰΪЩģǴӸղķӦƺô°
ɼȻˣֲԼˣôֻʲôأ
ţֻǴһ춯ȻһΧһʱ䣬ǱΧ
ȴ̲ס˰ҹϺ泡ĳֻһԼղͣĵطЩһ϶ҲǴģȻǴģôʣҹ϶Ҳǿ˵ģ
һȻǿˣΪʲôͲ֪ͨһԼأҲԼǰи׼
һ뵽̲ס˼䡣
ʱΧܵͣţֻһЩװī˱˳һֻȻʮˡ
꣬ڿ͵۹
Ϊ𾪵뵽
𾪹󣬸Ǳ֣Ϊ֪ǰȺˣԲһˣǴ˴ǰĿģ϶ҲǸԼеЩ֤йصģȻ֪ǵô֪µģڿҲǿʱˣ
ʮڲԶվӣ·׼ӭʲôƵģЩʱ򣬲ԶĵطǴһ춯ţֻһͬǴźɫװȴûдī˳
˵ȻЩ˵ϴˡ
һʱ䣬Ҳ֪ô£ԺͻȻðˡᡱʣǰЩ˵Ĵ磬Щ
ȵȡ
еС뵽ЩһòǼһĴְɣ
ΪϸĴһǰЩˣ¸ȷ˼֣ţȴЦΪʵû뵽һεĽȻô죡
Ȼٶ֮ǰǵȸЩһﵽôҵģ
ǸϴģǰȻŴһ¸漴ǴһһѺӣĳһѺӵʱҲЩɻ
Ƭ֮ſʵ˭񰡣

ЩһȻģ
ѵΪյ鱻˷
ţ±Ϊ˹ȥȻһĻȴһЩӦˡ
ֻʱ˿̣ǶʮܺӰڣָ˹
ǡ⡭ô°ö˶˵ΪʲôָҰ
ɻ뵽
һĹǷӦ˹ȻȱкһԲۣ
⻹ǷʤôʱԼȻǱˣ
֪ʵʵһŮ֮󣬸֮ǰľٶҲôˣȻ׽ôɾͲˣ
ţ±ǴǸϴ˺ҪǣҲ񣡡
˵Ż±ָ˹ȥ
һǸϴ˵ΪֻǴһ²ԶǶѺӺǸźֵˣȻϸĴ˸Ƭ֮ʲôƵģȻЦ˵̫ɶˣȻƭӣôױƭѾ֪˭ˣ
⻰Ҳ̲סΪϴƣ˵ȻҪʹһˣⲢӰںܿ
һҲ
㣬񣡡
˵䣬Ǻϴָһܺӡ
£ŵĲᣬһĹȴһ㶣Ȼ˳źϴָķ˹ȥʱĿ䵽˸ϡ
ۼˣǵ±ǳͷҲǹ˺ߣôҲû뵽ϴȻô棿ָһĹȴǴԼָ˹
Ϊ˵õϢ϶ֱӿǸϴʵɵ
ڣˣ
εҡҡͷſϴ˵ˣҪҵĲң
㣿ߺߺߣ㻹ƭңȻ˵㣬Ǻã㣬ŵʲô
ϴԲŸĻ߼ָ֮ŸеС˵
ʶĵͷһжʱҲǳһղŵ뷨Щ֮ԻΪԼеЩ֤ݣҿǿ϶Ҳ֪Щ֤еģ
Ҳ˵ʱ˿̣Щ֤˭˭ͻᱻЩΪˣ


581 
ԲۣôһӰⲻ֪УԼȻǱһȺСƨˣбӵ
һʱ䣬кǴΪջعͷȥ׼ϼʱǰͻȻֵһĻɵЩͷ֮ǰõ˵ĻҲҲ˵ˡ
֮ǰֻһﺢԼȴûע⵽Ⱥϵ飬ʱϸһֻȺС϶һֵģʹվ˳СΧм䣬͸Сһģʹм伷ҲҿЩһۡ
ЩСǱŻˣǸŮҲˣȻģҲ֪ڻһı飬Ǻʣ϶Ҳµ
кһ̾˿˵ɣǰɵѾǰˣٸҲûʲô˼Լһɣ
һԾЩӣԼҲǿԿݵõϢˣ
ţζһۣȻŶǰϴ˵ðɣȻǱ㷢ˣôҲͲˣûҾ񣡡

⻰һڣԶȴǺСľôҲ벻Ȼ˵Ļ
ţΧߵȺСҲˢˢ˹һСǲС˵ʦ⵽ô°ΪʲôǸҪô˵أ
ԭ磬סпһСΪزԵʣɲʲôػһжʮ춼ڲ϶ɹģһСΪָԭûȥѧԼôҲǶһЩ֪ʶģԷĵʦЩӡ
ղЩȻҲĶˣ׵Ķ
Ϊ˿ȥĸ׷һܴĴ󣬲⼸һ޷ֲĴĳĸ׺ܺڣЩƬҪֲԼ֮ǰµĴ󣬵ǡΪĸʼջû¶ģ
ںĵ͵Щ׼ͨɢķʽˡǼһµУǺʱȻһϵѯ顣
֪ԷʲôˣҲ֪Է˭ȴ֪ܶȤˣ϶һˣǺ±Ǯ˼
ʣǸȻǸˣ
Ȼ׵ĵصԼģȴЩ£һĻȻҲǱ̵Щѧǿˣŵ˵֮ЩѧǱԸµĳ䵱Ļ
ΪⳡԲĽˣ˭֪·ȴɱôһˣһָյҪԼеǺµ鼱֮¾Ȼָ˸ߵЩСҲѧָ˹ȥ
ټǸϴᣬĪģȻǳԼ
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ΪʲôҪôȻǲ֪ˣˣ»ǸæӦ˹Ȼæ˸ƣֵǰȺ˵ţڿʼûҵǲܿڣȻĻЩ˿϶ǲŹǵģ׾͵ͷҪ˵
⻰һڣǰȺС±ǸæսͣȻ͵ص˵㣬ۼˣ˹ȥ
ʱǸϴҲǺЦ
ֻЦߵСӣϵĻҲٳԵˣҾӲϵĻȻҲа취ϵģ𣿡
⻰ȻʮֵĲмΪ˾ЩС͵õõϢҲֻˣ±һЦĵ˵ͷȻſʵô֪㵽ʲô°ʵ˵֮ǰûɣȻû棬ô϶ҲûʲôԹˣǽ⡭
˵ţɨһ²ԶЩˣȻ˵е㲻̫ðɣ
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ѵСǸӣ
һ뵽ϴǱһ亹һĹǷӦ˹
԰ʲôôǼһȤòѾǳǵĹϽΧ˰ɣ
ɼȻӵĻôǰСֻʲôأ
ѵֻԼˣǰСʵʲô˲õֻһ֪ߵغͷѣ
һϴҲЩͿҲͲȥˣ˵ԼҪĿֻΪõе֤ݣֻҪ֤õˣ˭أ
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ţкһ⣬ţǽеС󣬳ûעʱ򣬸æǽĶɨƿռСװһͥ
һм˲ɵģϴҲֻǿٵĽС󣬽һĹõǰ档
Īľٶ±úϴЩ㲻ˣţǸæӦ˹ȻΪͷĶԸ˵СӣϽѶңӿûʲôˣ
еСװЩµ˵ǡҵڶû⵽˵ʲôأǵΪʲôҪңΪʲôҪĶ
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ϴһ⻰±ЩȻָŸ˵Сӣ㣬԰ɣ
⻰εĿһ۲Զ磬ȻǶǰĺϴ˵ûôˣ
ôˣ㻹ôˣ㣬ǲе̳˵һЩйڹسܣ͸¶һЩر֤ݣ
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ϴΪͷ˵ô֪ҲǽյϢȻͣĸϹˣ緹ûüأӦֻλ֮İ취ɣˣϻˣҰɣ
˵ŻϴŸ֡
к̾˿ϴӦ֪һЩģͨԻϴƺֻǳ䵱Ŵ֮Ľɫ΢漰ĵݣǲ֪ģ
⻹˷Լĸ鰡
ţǻ˻ԼеĲȻǰĺϴ˵֪ô𣿡
ʲôȻ֤ˣ
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ϴҡͷ֪ҲûҪֻ֪Ǯ¶ѣ֪ҴӲʣ
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һĻ±òԶһµҲǿˣǰЩ˾ǹسˣĿģȻΪõԼ֮ǰ֤ˡ
ȻڸôϤǿԸоЩ϶Ϊ˶ԸسģԽЩȻҲԸģЩһҪ䵽Щ˵Уǿˣ
ʣЩ֤ݿ϶ǻᱻٵģǻͨЩ֤ݲ鵽ĸף֮飬Ѿǲˣ
СܱõЩ֤ݣ
ţ統±ǲܲ˵ĳ˳ȥл𡭡֤ܰݸ
һĹǸСȴѾ˺ϴˡ
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ţȤ˹
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һк˼ɫģϾŮ˭ϲ
ʱҲΪεҡҡͷֻҪŮ˺ЩС˵Ҳκε飬ôǿ϶ûµģ˭֪Ů˳
һɾˣ


582 뻢
ҲǼӵĹˣȻ嵽˸ͺϴǰ֮ǰΧߵЩСҲǺƺƵ˹Χ
ǸΪ˵ЩСƨôҲܹˣ
ʣ֮ԻֻܹΪԼҪеСϴ󣬿֪СĶѾǱԼ͵͵Ļأ
ֻҪ粻ȻɸˣϴҲʲôԾĵطֻҪԼȻںݺݵĽѵһٵĻôұ֤Ժټ֣ǰЩ˿϶ǻߵģ
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ȻοԾԺָôأϾҲֱɱǰЩһﰡ
ţûһԵ翪˵Щʲô±ֱӳʲôʲôû̸ʲôϽЩСӴߣ
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ģкһʶԼȻ뻢ˣ
Щ֤ݹȻҪԼİΣȴǸҪģһҪǱЩ֪ԼݣôǲҵԼĸ
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һĹ͵תӣ׼ԶǷ֮أǽžʱϴͻȻ
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ת
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вȻãһ⻰統±ת
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ۿϾҪǰŮĿˣȴǱͻȻĳĸˣϴ±ΪŭСӿҹң
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ЦָָϴеС˵˵СװŵģҺò׵һС¸㣬һļֵǱͬȵĻƽҪ󣬲Ҹ㲻ľǣΪʲôҪ˵Щʲô֤أ
˵ţǼװһϴ˹ȥ
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ΪϧĿŵϵǶͥ˵⻹˷Ѱ㲻֪Щҷ˶ĹŸģ
ղŷ飬ϴǴΪŭԲԣⲻ֤ݣ֤ͱˣСӣң
˵Żϴ͵˹ȥ
ȿϴǸʱ±ǰһˣû뵽ЩһϾȻǹ


583 
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¸ûҾܾԹԵı㽫˫־ǵĺϴ˵Լǵϴ˺ԱߵЩС
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֮ǰΪϴֻһСѣ˭֪һȻǹǴĳ˸֮ˣ֮ǰļƻȻҲǲˣ
ϾԼݵй¶ȻԼЩСȥΪҪһɣ
Żͷһֻʱ˿̣ЩСѾǱŵɫ԰вٵֱӱ̱˵ϣǸŮȻվţǿҲҪ̱ڵˡ
飬ȻҪٵĽˣ
СӣҶҪˣҪǸҶĻôҿɾͲ˰
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ϵʱ򣬸һȻţռڵ޺һЩСʱƲʲôæٵһط£
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⻰Ǹҹ˺һ£ǽţȴЦȻСӣƭңĿڴôװʲôѵ㻹װһǹ𣿡
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㻹˵⡭һǹģ
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˵һģû뵽ȴǰԼˡ
ôĵڸʲôҲôǾȻˣ
ʱϴҲƿ
ۼˣ˵±ǲ˵ЩʲôˣֱĿ˹ȥ

һ˲䣬Ǻ˺͵ؽһȻһӱ̱˵ϣָŸĿһֵ˵ġڴлĶ
ͻķӦ±ǽ˸һرǸŸĺ˻Աߵĺϴ󣬺ϴŵеǹˡ
˵𣿸ٱǧҪһһէģôôͲأ
عĺϴǹҲ񣬵±ŭɽҵˡ
ҹһ߱ͷһߴϴϴûƭ㣬СӿڴȷʵʲôģⶫǻģҸղˣ
⻰ϴȴǸΪߵҲǸһЩ߱ȥĵҿյĶòϲ˰ɣԲۣԲۣԲۣˣӷ㲻ɣ
ǰϴûƭ㣬ڴжⶫϺ䣬ͺ񡭡һģ
һ߱ͷڵعһߴı
˵ЩϴôأߵĸЩ
һĻʱȴǲɵЦ˵֮ǰѾˣԼŵĶѣǿɾǹֲˣ
ʣղŵȻǸˣЩǹȻǲˣϾҪǵĲԼʮӵİΣ
Ȼˣôֻİ취ˣ취ȻǸղŷˡ
ʱ˿̣Ȼǽռȫκ˴Լ壬Ƕֱռ޺СϣղǸһ˵Ҳʵֻ˸ռ߶ѡ
ʣǸҹ˵ĻȻǲˣرǺϴղǸҹ˵ֱͺǿɵһģ
ˣҹȥɣϴǺɸֵĿһ۵ϵĺˣȻǶŲԶĺ˺㣬ԣ㣡ȥ
£һƨƨߵ˹
ȥɣղŵǸɵˣҪҵ˶ͣҲˣһѰɣһ棬һ棡
ϴǷԸ
š


ģ˫˫̱ڵصˡ
ڵϵ£ϴĲˣֱӱǿģǸòҲʲô˰ɣ
ҡҺʲôƤëȻ֪ʲô϶ܴ󣡡
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ϴǲģǵղεǸ֮ȷʵմһЩɫճҺʱɾɲˣ
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һ뵽ԼȻǱһǹˣжʱЩŭȻ±ֱǰǹ˹ȥ
ۿŸȻǶϴ±Щˣһһ˵ҡҾ㰡㡭ǧȻҡҾ͡
ȻҪǹ𣿺ܺã㿪ǹɣ
Ⱥϴѻ˵꣬±ǽӿ˵ȻæǶϵ֧ǹ
Ȼûùǹǵϵ֧ǹʱ»ȷˣǹȻǼٵģȴĶά벻˵ǹʵֲ̫ˣóһεЦֻװŵģȻɫӵ
ôģֱǹ㲻ϣ
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Щ˵ǲɵõһҪ֪ȻǹģҲɽģöܰһŷ
ѵǳ
ϴҲǱŵһһ㶵ģˣȴӲ˵СӣҸ㣬̫ˣȻЩǹǼٵģЩ˿ɶģܴĹô𣿶Ҳ¸㣬Ҵ˿ɲֹֻôһģֻҪҴкϾͻмʮ˸Ϲš

ϴ󻰻û˵ʱֻԶĿкǴһΪֵļ́ͷһֻоȻһ߷˹
һĹ˱һͷԽ˲Զһ


584 ҿԣ
ۼˣ±ǵ˵ͷţ
ϴеĺ˶ǱɵˣΪղŷɹǸ˲ǱˣеһԱ
֮ǰϺ泡ʱԶı㿴ԶĵطͣһԺϴ˼СܹȥһղŴӿзǸСܣǱȥһˣ
⡭⵽ô°ֻǼһѣôԼȴǷɹˣҿɹƣԺǱ˸ģ
ôأʲôĶŻ



ţǼӿд˹֮ģǼСܴһһӡ
˵ղŶڸϴһֻǳԾĻôʱ˿̣ϴһ˼ֱҪˣΪһУѾǳԽǵ֪ˣ
ᣬȴҲЩͷ˵Ȼǰҹɵˣû뵽ûİҹȻ͡
ұҹôһ㣬֮ǰһŬǶ׷ˣ
ո֮ǰ뷨ε¼ԡˡݽģȻ˵ݣô̫ھ׵ıȻǲʹõˣղҲֻڴսѣֻǰЩһ־壬Ȼʹǡ
Ǳҹôһ֣ǳ׵군ˣرǡ»һֱ߷˹
Բۣ
һ˲Ĺ򣬸ǷӦ˹ϸһֻԶĿУһ˹ҿķ򣬾ȻպԱߵȺС˹ȥ
Բۣӵİҹ
һ䣬±û˿ԥȺС˹ȥµҲǹ˲ʲôĶˣģֻҪȺӣ
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ͬǣϴһɺеֻޱȵ𾪣ȺСеģȴֻޱǿҵĿ־壡
ٽȺСߵʱ򣬸ĺޱȵΪ֪ԼӦֱӰսռӦֱó֮нһϣֻʹñİ취
ʹǰְ취ĻôʣԼݿ϶ǻᱩ¶ģʱ򼴱ߵݶʵˣΪ飬Ͳ߿õ
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ȵȡ
ͻȻӿ뷨±Ȼͷ͵һ
ҿԿ𣿡
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ԣ
киص
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һŭ𣬸ȻǵȺСǰһĹѾŸ˹ʱ˿̣еСŵ̱ڵأһֵı۾
ҿԣ
һŭ𣬸һ˿ԥȻ˫۱ǰ˹ȥͬʱԪҲǺ񱩵ӿ

֮ģһƵ죬źһΪ޴ĳʱĲ͵ر˿
ĳ棬ҲƵġ
ʱ˿̣ȴһ𾪵ͷ˹ȥû뵽ԼȻĿԾһҸûʹö
˵ΪﵽԪӤڵҲ飬ǽֻûκ¿ѣȴֱӿסһӿзϷ֮
ԪӤڵĸ֣Ҳģһģ˼Ҳֻжɽټˣ
ôأԼ֮ǰֻǹڵΪѣôһӾͳ˶ɽټأҶɽ֮ǰԪӤԪӤû̸ʲôɽ٣
һʱ䣬Щã
һĹ򣬸ǲһ˿Ծĵطòʵе̫˰ɣĶЩϺˣ
ţ±˹ȥȴÿȺСһ˼ԼͶųO͡
̧ͷһֻԶЩ˴˿Ҳ𾪵Լ˹ģֱͺ˹ƵģرǸ֮ǰڸǰҫĺϴ󣬴˿̶Ѿŵ̱ڵˣ
һʱ䣬ǵԺк˸ղһ˵Ļ
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585 
ǰһĻҲǲ֪˵ЩʲôˣΪʱ˿̣Ҳûʲô˵ˡ
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ҹһ⻰Щε˵ǲ˼ˣһʱûסԾˡ
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ţǰ˰ֵˣεͲ˵ˣ֮ǵã´βʲô飬ҪǵĺϾطط֮ǰĵطһ𣿡
Ǵ˵طͶһģǻյߵʱ򣬸Լ߻ôһСƨأҹݿǧܱ֪ˣ˵£æǸ˿ڡ
ĿƺѾԭԼҹﻹ˵Щʲôæǵ˵ͷȻһ֣ص˵ʦģͽˣ
ף׸ƨˣܱ֤ٷ
һʱ䣬̲סһ䣬΢΢һ㶣ΪȻ뵽ÿʱʦɨǲҲģ
ͽⶫȻİ
εҡҡͷŶŰҹ˵ˣЩСȿţȥһ±飬ţʲô㶼Ҫڣ𣿡
ҹ⻰±Լ˵ʦİɣˣ
ۼˣŲԶǻ˹ȥ
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ģһﵽʲô˰ľܰһƤһȥģļһﻹļֱƻôƬЩӢ۰
Ҵĳ̶ֳ˵ЩƻôƬĳӢۣѾˣǽӽĴˣ
ԼһˣҪǶԸһ˻ûʲô⣬ҪԸһǼֱǴ
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Ȼ֮ǰҲû֮ǰһ˵ƤһǼСܣЩСȻιȥˣҲ˲صˣҶţȻϽ뿪ȴҲûЩСǡ
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⻰ڼʻСܵ±תͷȻһŵĿźϴ
ϴϸһƣʱҲһֻʱ˿̣𿪳СܾȻ¶ðϸܵĺ飬ϵ·ȫʪˣͬʱϵıҲǼĹ죬ͺǼ˹һģ
㡭ôʲô鰡㻰أ
ϴо壬ǿʵ
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һ⻰ϴϵĺëҪˣæŵı۾Ϊ±ˣ˵ĲǱˣ֮ǰǸ񣡡
껹˰֮ǰԼϳʱ⳵ֻ͸𿪳С˵ģһֱûȥҲû⡭һôһʻȥˣ
Բԡ϶ǴԶԶԣһǴ
ţϴ۾Ȼ򸱼ʻ˹ȥֻһۣ±˿Ȼ˵Ҿ֪϶ҵĴ
˵һ룬ϴͻȻ𿪳ǸСһֵ˹ͻһһģʲôҪ˵ƫƫ˵
Ȼᡭе㲻ԣһ￴Ĳңߵĵط֣ѵʲô
ţϴŤͷԱߵλ˹ȥ
ţһ뿴ģһżΪϤޱȿ־ӡ


䣬ҽ
һʱ䣬غǱüΪ˵ĺ˶һ㵵ǰ˹ȥΪڣʱĳЩΪ֪顣
ֻʱ˿̣ԼķȻζţζģһǺ
󡭡磬𡭡򡭡ϣ
ֵ֪ˣ㡭㡭ϣ
𡭡𡭡


˭ĳȻϴˣǴʱ˿̣ȴûһ˸ǰ鿴һ£ΪǴ˿ҲˣϴģȻǸղŵǸˣ
Ҫ֪˵ϿĳֲΪ֪ܣ壬Ȼǻĳ־޴ĹޣɵĽסһһеһƺ˵Ͳܻ࣡
Ϊ࣬Ǹģ
˵£ĸǰ鿴أ˶Ǻµ˼㣬ΨԼֻҪһ춯ͻΪһĿ꣬ﻹٶһ£
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˵ʵĲ˽һˣ
ڣֽӹʻϵСܵëһ߲ϵѪһ̱һԵĺϴʵ
ֻʱ˿̣ϴﻹһ˿ղŵĵɫǵĸͷһСˣղǰһĻڼʻϵСܵ±̲ס
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ֽëҵ˺ϴϣֵι㻰أǸϽشҵ⣬Ȼҿǲٱһٵģ
ϴһ⻰ǸæӦ˹һøëϵ˿һһʹʵ֡ԣ磡磡Сʲô鶼֪İСʵֻһСѣֻǮµģǼһСʲôҲ֪
ƽʱôϵǵأͨʲôʽǮģ
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⻰Щϴ˵˼ûиԷ氡ô֪Էǹسģ
ϴһЦ¶һѿֵЦݣ֮˵㲻֪ȻûиǵʲôˣҲɵӰÿν飬Ǹسйصģôǿ϶Ҳǹسˣ˭
ǵ˵ͷȴΪεҡҡͷΪϴûõκõϢͨͺϴ׵Ǹ˳ϵģ˭֪ϴͲ֪Է˭ǮķʽҲΣ
䣬뵽ʲôֿϴɱ𣿡
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أ
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شģһƲ˹һҡεԴ
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˵ţһЦԱߵĺϴ˹ȥ
ϴˣѾǱòˣ±ֳһд̡дϵ


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ϴ󲢲Ϊ˵ѣʵϸҲ˵ѣΪ齻ֵʱ򣬸ͰϫȷʵǰڻĵԱȫˣȻСҰС֮⡣
һսУعƸҲɱʮˣʣµĶǱϫˣ
ǸһɱˣΪڰ׹֮صǷԸɱ˵ʱ򼸺ûʲôоģЩĳԱͺǵһģֻȥոˡ
ֱ֮ڵľӺͬھ֮ʱЩҲûڶñʧӰˣΪ֪ЩһȷʵǸģ
飬ʹɱ֣ΪȷʵһЩ޶֮壬ǶǰϴһСܣȴǲˣΪЩһﶼֻСѣȻĻ£ȴﲻ
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ͻȻʱһͻȻ뵽ԼõЩһĵطϾУЩһҲǵͷˣҪЩһİôҲü򵥶ˣ
ţǶһɫʰ쵵ĺϴ˵ܹжٸСܣ
ϴ˿̻ڸ֮ǰĿ־Уֻ˸ȴû˵Щʲô±̧ͷһ
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ţ˵Ҹѡ񣬵һѡأڸϽСԶ뿪ģԶٻ֪ǻڻĵĻôһҵҸɵǵģ
տʼ⻰ʱ򣬺ϴ˿ΪĲ˵Ǳסˣǵʱ򣬶ʱ˶ˣ˵뿪еĻôǻõҪ뿪ģôأ
ϾЩСܺĻˣǵļѣô뿪ҪܴһʽˣЩȻҲ׬˲ٵǮӦģЩǮҲǻĲˣǮȥ
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أȻ˵Ҫѡ񣬲ѡһϴô˵Ҳǵ˼ʮСˣɫеģ±׹ˣ϶еǵĵطģѡ϶·Ψһǻ·ֻҪץס·ȻҲûˣ
ͨϴҲûôˣ˵ʱҲû֮ǰôΨΨŵŵˡ
һҲ
ЦЦȻ˵Լĵڶѡ
ڶѡʵ˵ҲΪ򵥵ģ˵˵ţЦĺϴǲһ
ҵҪʮֱܵģܱ֪ȴǱ֪ˣֲ뿪ģǼڻĵĻ϶һЩõӰ죬ôҲû취ˣǷģҲɱǣֻҪڵǵ۾ȻٰεǵͷٿǵֽžͺˣǾͿһֱڻȥˣѡô
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ϴֱҪˣ⻰Ȼ˵ɣĶǼֱͺһģҪĻôˣ
⻰ϴȴû˵Ϊ֪˵һĹؼڣѾ¶ˣֻҪѡǰ΢һ㣬ֱӴӦˣҪһֻҲӦˣϾһֻ֣Ҫģ
ţϴ̿ˮȻЩµ˵ڶѡʵе̫ѪˣҪ˵˵ѡɣ
⻰΢΢һЦΪ֪ѡЩһ޷ܾģ
ڴ֮ǰȴʳһ⡣
ǰŹسЩ飬һǶǮ
̶ģҪǿûһ´һҰɣ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôôʣϴһСĵĻش
ĵ˵ͷȻ˵˵ѡ


587 һ
ʲô϶ڿЦɣ
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һ⻰ϴﻹ˵ЩʲôæǲǡҲ˼ʵǡʵ˵̫ˣֱֱͺһģ
ʣĵѡǴĳ˺ϴ֮ˣôҲû뵽νĵѡȻ飡
ԺΪس£ҲС͵Сеӽ쿪ʼҪΪ£Ϊر֮ÿ˻һı꣡
ϣǸĵѡˣ
ĵˣһȴǲɵòúϴˣһһʮ˵Ļǿɾǧ򰡣
Ҫ֪ǰŹس£һһ˵ҲһѣټһЩ룬Ҳٶˣٶ𣬵ƽĻÿ˵ʵҲʮңټһЩ˵ʮˣ򶼲һõõ֡
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ϴ䣬ڼʻϵСҲͻȻôһ䡣
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سйصģ
ϴһ㶣Ǻ˽񣬵ǸæӦ˹ȻΪԾĿ磬òҪɵһɣ
ۿϴȻǲ³Լ˼Ҳ˼Ȥ±˵ûôˣʲô
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ϴͷЩԥ˵
ۼˣе±ЩãϴӦ֪һЩġ
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⻰üͷò˵¿ԽԽȤˣ˭뵽سµĲֹкϴһأ
Ҫһ飬ͽϴȥҪǺϴǽ˵飬ôĵɳһȥ
һһڰŵıŹسĲԻͦİ
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سһձҵһµҵ
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ĿǰΪһݻĶܹ֧һ֧ǰϴеСܣһ֧ձʹݣһ֧ȻЩԱˡ
һ֧Ը˵ѾʲôˣΪѾɹǷˮˣڵڶ֧飬Ѷʵе̫ˣϾǣ⽻飬ײҲֻ֣Ȳȥˣһ¶ڸ˵ȴ練Ƶˣ
һ˲Ĺ򣬸ѾҪڽɵ֧һֱڰбŹسˣ
ȻȻɵǣôͱҪǳҪǳȻǵһϷˣ
ţкһȻƬǳУϸһ£ȻŽƬݸϴȥʱƬȥɣ
ϴÿҲ֪϶ν֤ˣ
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һ⻰±׺ϴˣ漴Ц˵֪ЩǸҰµģţ
⻰ϴȻЩɻ󣬵ֽƬ˹
ҪЩƬȥʱ˵ʲôҶܣֻҪ취ЩԱͿˣ
һĿǰĺϴ˵


588 
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һ룬ϴҲ׸ͼˣ±һ𾪵Ŀ磬òҪڽʰЩһɣ
ͷ֧ǹسұֻۣҪܸɵ֧飬ô֮Ҫֻ᷽࣬Ҫ취ͿˣͽҰɣ
ϴǵ˵ͷȻһСʵ磬ղ˵ʲôԱǲְ֧
ǿ˺ϴһۣǵ˵ͷĬˡ
ȻĻôǰӦˣЩһﵽʲôͷоǣ׼ôԸǰ
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⻰һЦȻЩ㻹ǲ֪ĺã֪˶ûʲôôֻҪıֹͿˣһ
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£ѾˣҪȥûôˣһ뵽ԼԺҪɱ˷ͬˣϴ
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пʲôĿǮ
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һٸһ棬취ȻԲˬģȻΪԼ£ôв϶ǲˣһıУȻҲġ
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˿̣ĺȴһŵ˹Ͼͺϴղǿǲ֪ģΨһ֪ģǸղźݺݵϴһ٣ҺпһľԼˣ
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ϴһĵĿ˵
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ôе㲻Ծ
һĹ򣬺ϴҲǷΧЩСϾȵı飬ţ±ǳιȺû۵ļһ𣿻Ͽ磡
󡭡硭
˭Ҳ벻¾ȻǷϷ绯ķתţЩСǵ»ǸæӦ˹ȻˢˢĿŸã
˭ɵӣıѾǼʶˣҪǸΪеĻôʮа˾ſ϶ǻˣȻ㲻ǰô£һĻڳ˵һ£ΪǿԻȥˣ
ۿźϴһ뿪ӰŰϫ˹ȥΪûǣǰһ鷳أ


589 ҪȥҽԺ
ԶģǿԶȺСȻЩɧҹҲһ޴ģеһ˵ǰɣѵҹ鷳ˣ
ۿܲûԼ±һ˲˰ҹȻæôˣ
һ˵Żһ߻Ⱥ˹ȥ
ֻһۣ±ĿҪѪˣȻһ˼ĿҹҹҸղ˵ʲôˣҲǸ˵˲ô㻹ǶˣһѪˣ
ֻʱ˿̣۾ڵϣǻ˿˿ѪԶĵϣһ̯ѪѾǱ֮ǰȺСƨΧĽʵʵˡ
ҹһ⻰±ǴԩʦԩĲҸɵģԼͻȻѪ֮εģұҪأǰȺСͲҿҰҹô˵Ҳǡ
ססѾˣ֪²ɵˣұɣ
ۿŰҹһҪ˵˵Ļˣ¸æǳֹ
Ҳ׹ˣԭ˰죬Լԩҹˣ˸ͲǰҹģԼѪεģϾⰽҹô˵ҲǶľ̫ӣŮҲģ
˵ҹҲǲԼʧˣ¸æǱͣȻ˵һ߰ѵط˳
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һһ壬Լï}ûţû취˭ô˿̳ǰôһȺСƨأ
Ҫ뿪ģЩСƨԾͲˣϾǶһЩСӣ˵Ļ˭ţ֤֮ҲˣΪҲͿˣЩ֤ݸҵģֻǰԼѣһĻѾûʲôôˣ
ǣ˭뵽ʱȻѪεأֻǿһɫ±֪вģһʮأ
ʱ򣬼߶ˣһҪˣȻô죿ȻһȺСţЩСЩʲô°
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ܺãͷôھʹȥҽԺЩСȽչˣϽǻؼңȻĸףĸϸҽԺ𣿡
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Ҫƴ绰ˣ
ţǽֻ˳
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һ⻰±Щʵôˣʲôˣ
ͷһںϵ磬˵ǲҪ¸߷ƵĺãҪǷ֪µĻû׼϶ҲģµѾǹˣɲǱ鷳ˣ
ţ±ǻصʵҲûʲô£ҺܿᴦõģҴ֮ٸ绰ɣ
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˵⻰ȵ绰ͷķƴӦæǹҶ˵绰
ţǻͷ򳵺˰
֮ǰЩԺģһ±Ǵһ飬Ȼ͵رҪǽϺһʹϮ̲סһ

ۼˣæȰȰ㻹ǲҪҶˣղѪˣȥҽԺ·ϣȵҽԺ
ҽԺ
һҽԺ֣һŵ±ǴҲҪȥҽԺǲܴȥҽԺϿͣ
һ⻰ЩΪѾ֪ˣ϶ǵزģ˵ԼҪȥҽԺˣǲмҲɣ
ģֱͺԼҪ͵ʲôҪĵطһġ
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͸ӾһԶȥӰҹ±ʵʦڸô죿ҪҪҰץ
ˣҡҡͷǸȥͺˣ
˵⻰±ǵת˳ͷȻ׷ȥ
ҲʮӵĹˣȻ׷磬Ȼַٶȣ
Ȼ㲻ΪʲôȥҽԺҲûҪɣҪ֪ղſѪ˵ģȥĻģ
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ۼˣֻҽܣϣͨ粻ôԼˡ
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ȴûʲôãԾֻǲסıţͲ
ţһԵİҹȴ̲סˣһĿųλ纰ι˵ô°ûʦڸ㽲𣿶Ҹղſʦ𣿡
һҹкһ˿־壬һ뵽ղŵ飬ǰһڣȻűε˵ϡ

һɲӺͣڣһĿŰҹû뵽ⰽҹֻһڣȻͰŵιȥˡ
ʱ˿̣ҹҲЩˣԼҲû뵽ôŮͻȻεˣòԼҲûʲôɣ
ʱǲ˵Щʲôˣűƿ˹ȥʱ㽫˹Ȼ˺ϡ
ΣιɣȻһܾԱס
˵Ż㽫һƿȪˮ˹
Ȫˮźܴİ˵ʱֻҪ˿ϲһȪˮ˿ھͻϻָˣǺԣµԲܻˡ
Ȫˮ׶ϵļûãҲǲ֪ģãȪˮǿԱסģ㣬ʮȷŵģ
ӹȪˮ󣬰ҹ±ǽȪˮйȥһι˺üڣҹͣȻֽȪˮ˸
˰ֵˣûˣԼŰɣ
⻰ҹ±һϲһ߽Ȫˮһ˵ллʦ
ֻĵ˵ͷȻ˹ȥ
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590 ҹ
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һҹеƤ䣬۾кֳһ˿âȻæҵĶ컹ң
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Ƥı˻ŸæתҪ򿪳ţȴôҲ򲻿ˡ
ۼˣ˵㲻ð׷ˣǱߵѾҸˣǳȥģ
һ⻰˲Щһ߽Ƥ䱧ĸЩһ߲˵㡭ǵʲôˣʲô
ЦЦҵҸղѾǸˣֻһһеСµ˶ѣģʲôҲֻѣ
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һ⻰ɫһ䣬Ҳ֪ʲô顣
˵ղŵӦûǵðɣҲ֪ô¶ͻȻѪεˣŰ˳׼͵ҽԺȥΪʲôȥҽԺأ
ǷˣΪʱѾŸ˵ĻˣͰϫЩʲôĻôҲȵˣ
ͷϵñӣ˲һͷں㷢õ˲ϵΧȻһ˶ʱ˸Ͱҹǰ
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һ֮һȻĿ˵ⱲӣȥĵطҽԺˣʱҲҽԺˣҲȥҽԺˣ
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˵ţǶŸͰҹЦеֻһƬ͡
ΪƭԼΪóȷʵǵزģȪˮʱĻָ˻ֻҲڿٵţ֤˵Ķʵ
㵽ǵʲôǿ԰㣡
ʱһԵİҹȴͻȻ˵
һ⻰±һҹ˹ȥΪΪζ߲飬ҹڷķǿ϶ǻᱧкģڿе㲻԰
ǿ˰ҹ񣬸кǿһ£˵ɣѵҹһ﷢ˣȻǿ磿
⡭⻹йѪİ
ε̾˿漴ǿ˵ûĿ԰أϾղҲǿˣȷʵҲһˣ
⻰漴ҡҡͷûõģҲûõģǲܾȵҵģҵĻôͰͻؼҰɣ
Ѿ˵ȻҲǲ˵ЩʲôˣۿŰҹƺ˵Щʲô±ǶŰҹҡҡͷҹ⣬Ҳǲ˵ˡ
ǺðɣȻˣôҲǲǿˣھؼң
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ȻˬĴӦԼ統ЦȻһмĶԸ˵лǣ֪Ǻ˵Ļ֮ǰҲͲô鷳ˣˣҽ磡
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⻰統Ǹæ˵ͷʵ⻰ˣһֱûʣΪĳͰҹݶǼΪܵģǲױ֪ģۿŸƺҪԼǵʵݣ±Щ
֮ǰѾǱڳ˿ˣϴһСƨѾ㲻ʲôˣΨһʣµıֻˣ֪¶Ҫ϶סģһֱϹȥҸ˵һºˣϾҲǹˣ
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˵ңʵǴ˵еߣ
˵ţǰŰɵ˹
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õָĿ϶ش֮ϺֳһֺЦݵı飬Ƭ֮һеʵǼȻߣôô϶֪һЩǲ֪˶԰ɣ
νġǡָȻһķˣԴˣûԥ±ǵ˵ͷ
ôܸ𣿡
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Ҫ˵аɣҲУһ˵֮׷ȥô죿ʱҪԼС˵©죬ǲĿӵˣ
£òƻǲҪشıȽϺһɣ
ţſ˵ҵЩ̫ûشˣΪ漰һЩ飬ϣ°ɣ
⻰絹ҲûʲôرķӦҲ֮еˣϾǵʵ̫ˣ
ţǿ˵ȻⲻûشôҾһɣϣĻش⣬Ϊ˵ʮֵҪ
˵ţǱΪ֣
ģҲǲ˵Щʲôˣֻǵ˵ͷӦ
ԥ˺һһصĿʵܸңϵû

һ⻰Ͱҹ±ǳһȻ˲һ𾪵Է˹ȥ˭û뵽Ȼʳ⡣
ʱ˿ֱ̣ӸϺֹԱߵλһצ
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һʱ䣬ҹʹ˸ɫʾǧҪڣҹȻкǳԾҲ֪һЩģ±ǶŸ˵ͷʾԼ֪ˡ
ۼˣǿ˵Ϊʲôʳأ
ҵȻٸ㣬ȸңϵûҪ滰βٷˣղŴӦ飡
򵥵ļ仰˲ǰѸƵƿˣټϰҹҲȻҲǲ˼ٴˡ
εЦЦſ˵ðɣȻôֵĻôҾ͸ɣȷʵڵģھԱߵĶУڣ
Ҿ֪Ҿ֪϶ڵġҵѾˣûˣ
˵⻰ʱֻкֳһỨ
һĻǿĸͰҹ˭Ҳ֪⵽ô¡
ݵĳĬ֮󣬸ǿ˵Ѿ˰ɣҪ˵ĻôҲҪԼˣҲϣܹʵش𣡡
ֲ˲ϵʰɣҶҪˣҲûʲôˣ
⻰кܲζţǿʵ㵽׵ʲô
Ҳ֪⵽ʲôֻ֪ⲡûҽεģұӦںܶǰȥˣǡҵİְһҪ˵ֵĻôֻܸв֢֮ˣ
۹кˮ˵
һʱ䣬кҲӿһɱţʳԼһ⡣
ΪʲôԴ˵еôȤȷʵڵʱķӦ
һ⻰һӱƬ֮Ż˵Ϊҵֻд˵еſԾȵˣ


591 ֶ
ֻд˵еžȵˣ
һ⻰˲һԵİҹ˹ȥȴְҹ˿ҲһľȣȻҲ⵽ô¡
ò˵˵ʵЩ̫˾ˣʲôֻд˵еܾ͵˵ôأ
ţæǿʵΪʲôô˵أʵ˵ʵǸ㲻֮䵽ʲôϵ
ɫȻ˵ԴӳʱͻһּΪľ֢޷ѪҺֻǿѪţĵѪҺԼģǱ˵ģ
ѪѪҺǿһֱڴȥģǻ޹ʵѪʹȥ֮ǰѾˣҵһģԶѾǼֲˣ
ҺСʱҽ͸ҵĸףһȥĻʵ̫ãˣҵĸƫƫſѪһڣÿѪ֮󣬲һµʱֻµľ⣬ȻȥѪһֱܶʼظš
⵽һĸо𣿴һҾѾǱ̣ȻҹӲдĻڣվҪˣЩҵѾǱ𻵵Ĳˣûжʱˣ
ܶǰʱҵĸһλˣ˼֮͸ҵĸףҵĲҩҽģҵĸһ⻰Ȼһϲ˵ҵİ취
λ˵Ҳûİ취˵֮ҵĸȴסˣΪҪҵֶԶ޷õģ
ֶʲô
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ĳҹһˣҲû˵ʲôΪǿԾȵĻ϶Ҳǻȵġ
һ⻰ȴҡҡͷˣҲûõģֶҲǵòģ
˵ɣһа취أ
ǴһԱߵİҹ˹ȥ
ԣ˵ɣа취Ҳ˵أ
һԵİҹҲǸæ˵
ֻܾд˵е⻹ɲ鰡֪˿ߵǸˣǴ˵еأ
Ȼ粢ŸͰҹõ飬ۿǶһģ̾˿Ȼ˵һѪһ飬ǿԾֶˣǼΪصĶǧѵһһǧĸ߼ۣĶ˿ԵõģѪ͸˵ˣǿǴ˵е֮ѪһĻᶼûУôѪأ
а
ʱһԵİҹȴ͵ؽ
һ⻰Ĳ㶼ҪѪˣ˵үģҸղŵĻ㵽ûһڵĻ¶𣿺ŸղŵĻǰ˵˰
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ڸĲеʱһԵҲǺӦ˹Ȼæһеҹ˹ȥ
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һ֪˰ҹʵݣô϶ҲǻµԼݵģһĻ鷳
ҹҹ˵ǡ
鰡ҪҾаԣʦвŶԣ԰ʦ
˵Ĺ򣬰ҹ˹

ֻҹ¿϶ǻὫԼʵݸˣҲǰԽ˸飬ǰҹһڣȴǴĳ֮ˣôҲû뵽ⰽҹ˵ľȻ飬˵顣
һʱ䣬ЩӦˡ
ۼˣҹ뵽ʲôȻ漴Ƕ˵鷳Ϣһ°ɣеҪҵʦһ£Һܿͻģ
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ʱ˿̣ҹĻǸȥϣȻѪ޷õĵõ飬ôҲ˻ȥϣˣ
һ뵽統±Ϊ
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𣡡һ⻰±Ǵϵ㻹ǱʦˣʵûƺҪǻһµˣʦͽô
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ۼˣҹȻҲ֪϶Ϊղŵˣ±һ˼˵ʦҲ̫ˣʵҵʱǿ̫ˣҪһµģҪҲĻ϶ǻģ϶Ҳǲϣɣ
⻰еĻ˼֣źһ룬ҹӲ֮ǰϣģϣҹҪΪ߲Ǩŭ˼ķǣϣҹԺúõĺ˼ķദ²
ţкǲˣΪԼӣǼװ˵Ȼ˵ûǴӦ֮ǰҲøһ°ɣ˭ʦ˵Ǹʲô飬Ҷ֪ǵʲô⣬а
ۿŸȻһŭģ˵ȴ𽥻ҹ֪϶ѾǲˣţŸæ˵ʦղŵ̫çײˣԭһΰɣұ֤´βٷˣûƭ㣬ȷʵһģ
ôںҹ˵ǰλֻں˵ĺλʲôȷʵһģô֪أ
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ţüͷȻ󿪿ڵ⵽ô£ϸ˵˵
ڰҹĽУ⵽ôˣ
ԭ͸Լ鱦ɰҹѡģ鱦֮Уһͷһ飡
ʵ˵Ҳ飬ȴһ飬ǧĸ飬ĸΪ֣ϲԲʱɹ飬ǧĸҲ˶ǧֻ֮ǧϵĸܲ飬ʱ䲻ĻҲֻͨˣ
ⶫڶҲǱȽ⣬ҹʱҲűҪԼΪʦŽһһû뵽¾ȻҪⶫˡ
ȵҹ˵֮󣬸ǻȻţкΪΪͻȻ뵽Լǰϵʱǰһ鱦˷ģһҪǿ鱦Ļǿɾǿӵ˰
ľģʱ˿Ϊ֣鱦»֮ǰǼǿģ
֮ǰöռָ͸Ƶʱ򣬸ִһ鱦һ;ĺӳʱǸװģνˣ
ʱ̣ǿһ鱦úõɨƿռأ
ţһȻһĹкǳһŵɫӡ
ҹ˲ǰһȻæûˣ
˵űҪøе顣
˭֪ʱȴӣȻҹȻᣬʱܸ㣡
Ϊʲô
ҹһ⻰±ֵʵΪԼʦԲһС֮ˣⶫȻ󣬵Ǳһ˵ȴǲԶˡ
漴ڵ㣬֮󣬽ָôأǲǻҪѪ
֮ǰ˵ˣԾֶһ飬һѪȻ֪֮ǰʲôϵ߿϶ҲȱһɵģһĻǿɾЩ鷳ˣ
һʱ䣬Ƕ뵽ҹȻǰѪĳˡ
ҹĻش𣬸֤˸û
ֻҹ˵ȻҪȻǲֻһˣѪҶǣֻҪһζѣûʲôϵ
һȻģ
һʱ䣬±Ϊͷ۵ͷȻҹûһĻǵݿǻ᳹׵ı¶ˣҹγҪǸʲôӦòǰɣ
ҹһ⻰һ뵽ʲôһ㣬һ֣صػصʦ˵ĶԣȷʵˡӦԴΪصģʵǲӦáӦñС¸ˣǡ
ˣҿˣʲôҶ֪֮ģұ֤ͶˣӦģϣԺԲҪٸ鷳ˣ𣿡
Ȱҹѻ˵꣬ǴĻ˵
⻰ҹһ֣صĵ˵ͷŸǽһЩ飬Ȼ˹ȥ


592 ӵ
˸ϳûأֻһҹʵôˣǡǵû飿
һеģҹǺ࣬һ뵽֮ǰӦ飬ҹֻĬ˹ȥ
һ˲ĹҲǺ䷴Ӧˣҹͽܣʦ֮µȻҲǸˣҹģ
ţΪż˹ȥлô㵽û飿
Ͼ¿ǹغôܲأǰ޿Ϊûκεϣϣǰ׷
ĿԻȥĻ˭ֻأ
ʻǲתͷȻ˵ǻǵȻ˵ɣؼң
ȻҪģҹѪҲˣ֮ǰȴǵȥһĸףû´ĻĸײЩƬˣһĻԼбҪúõ̸һ̸ˣ
ۿŸûشԼ⣬ҲЩָоֱͺǴõ˵һ㡣
ǺʱĿһȻֻڸʻϵİҹǳЦգһ۾ʾҪż
һ˲Ĺ統ҲͻȻ˹ȷʵһģȻҹ϶Ҳˣ
ţ˿ţǱļ
ǿһ˿Իȥϣˣлһˣ
ûãüͷȻֻһĿڸʻϵİҹ˵֣ݴ˵հ㣬ôҲհģȻǶһģһ
⻰ҹһ㶣һʱǲ֪ôشˡ
ȴǸæԲˣֻʲôСֵģͥʴۻأѵ˵ŵҲʴйϵֻһ϶ѣûʲô˵ģ
⻰˼ĵ˵ͷȴЦ˵ԼҲ̫ˣֻһ϶ѣȻ뵽ô˼飬ǰҹôֻһ˶ѣôܻϹϵأ
ۿûм׷ʣǰ˿ĵַŷ
ƽȵ·ʻţŴľһ񣬽Ҳ֪뵽ô飬ͻȻһӱЦڼ䣬ڸʻϵİҹҲһֱ͵͵Ĺ۲
飬ȻӲ۾ˣȴҲû˵ЩʲôΪ飬ȷʵҲǲ˵Щʲôˡ
ǽţֺ뵽ʲô⣬ȻͨӾ˹ȥһĹĿǶеƤ䡣
⻹ֵԴ֮ǰǸСԼ°Ƥ֮Ƥƺһֱеģĵһ²ǲ鿴ԼûʲôΣգѰֻƤ䡣
Ƥװŵһֽ֮ǰӦֽȻ˵Ǯⶫ˶ϲǮֶҲִ̫˰ɣִŵĶе㲻ˣ
ɻ󣬸±Ǻʵ磬иҪһ£֪ɲԻش£
ţһ㶣ŵ±ǷӦ˹ȻŸ˵ͷʰɣ
ۼˣǿʵʵ˵ȻǮⶫ˶ϲҸоǮֶǲеִ̫ˣ㿴ЩǮҪҪ⵽ô£ܸ˵˵𣿡
һ⻰ĿԼеƤ˹ȥһĹЦȻ˵˵ûҿЩǮȷʵǱҵҪҪģΪЩǮдã
ĽУΪʲôӲˣ
ڵĴһС壬˴ԲΪģΪشƫƧĹϵǴĺܶСûѧģ翴֮ԼǰôҲǶˣԷĵʦ
ʦˣѧҲˣڿα֮ĶҲԼǮˣΨһý飬ǽҵˣտʼʱԼ̵ģҵĵطʵ̫С˵㣬ôѧµģŻвڴС˹ԽԽ࣬ǵطҲˣֻ֮ǻ¶쳡ȥˡ
ΪشߵԵʣÿˮǺܶģʱһǺü죬һĻûѧϰˡ
ۼˣҪһѧУͷʱΪԼϾҪȥˣѧУȻҲǳΪҪ飬ԴʱǱǮ
һǻȥұҪ£ҵҲ壬ĿǰԸˣ
ƺΪ˸ԼĹܽᣬ˵仰
Щ֮󣬸ǻȻͬʱҲǸӼᶨҪľģϾȷʵһѵõĺù
ʱ·֮ǰϺ泡ŲԶϺ泡üͷһ£ȻתͷҹС˵ҹ׼һ°ɣϿҪˣ
ҹһ⻰±ΪĿСʦ㲻˵Ҳ׳ֵҪһô죿
ҵ˼ˣҪ鲻Ǳģ㸸飡
Ҹ飿
ҹһ㶣һĹǷӦ˹ȻһصĿж٣
֪ҡͷٿɣҿԸ㣬ֻҪģȫˣ
ո֮ǰļƻҪسԱģȻԷձˣһ޶ձˣǸǲֱɱǣֻǽҹȥˡ
ҹǰ˼䣬ҲǴŰģνȻǽ¼ҪȫɸĺˣҹŽѡжȨ˸϶ǻԥģϾǰ˰ݰ
ǣȻô;˽ҪͷˣֱڶûЩˣ
ȻҹʵҲô飬Ϊ֪Ȼľô϶ŽҪֵ˿϶޿ˡ֮ˡ
ЩˣȻˡ
ֹһǰԶĵطǳһܴĴ䣬Զı㿴һȺæţ˵ȻĴˡ
սڵʱԶı㿴һһƾɵĵ綯ӭʻ˹һ˵ģüͷΪȻãġ
ȵȡܣ
һﲻ
һʱ䣬ȻһﲻǱˣԼ֮ǰڶ֮Ǹܣ
⻹̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡣ԼŵҪȥһģû뵽һȻԼˣ
ۿһԵİҹǵûвʲôԾĵطһԼ˹±׼һ°ҹ˭֪ʱȴǺ
ͣͣϿͣҰְ֣
˵Ż绹ŲԶָ˹ȥ
ʲôְ֣
һ⻰һӱը˿ôҲû뵽ȻܵŮ
ҲҲ̫ӵ˰ɣ
⻰ʱҲһסˣֻһĿ֣ô֪Ұְֽܵģ
һ⻰ҲǸæӦ˹Ȼ㰵һˣԼôָܵ˵ˣ
һĹкһԲߣȻҴӸղҵǲֻпģȱ˵ˣȥְְɣӦ׼ȥҽԺˣ
˵ţŲָ˹ȥ
һ⻰統Ҳǹ˲ϸˣ漴Ǹæ˳źְ֣
ʱ˿̣ܸպþߣһ˲һȻһĹͣǻͷһ㿴Լ˹
Сţ
һϲĺµĵƿ˲ͣã±籼˹
ţŮ˱ӵһˡ
һĻȻҲǱͰҹˡ
ۿŸһӵɫҹ±Ϊʵʦôˣʶ𣿡
˵ͷȻһεĿҹ˷ǵʶҲʶģ
ʲôҲʶܰɣСûʶʲô˰
ҹһ˵ţһߴ˲Զܣȴ֣Ĳʶˡ
ۼˣֵֻˣһһ°ɣ֮Ȼˣ㻹ǵǵôֶ߲Դͷ𣿡
ҹͷǵİҴ
˵ҹһӾͱ伫Ϊһʱ䣬±׸˵⻰ʲô˼ˣʣ˿϶ʱҲҴˣ
ȻʱҴϣôʣ˿϶ҲǶ߲Ԫ֮һˣ
һ뵽ҹкӿһɱ⣡


593 ʯ
ҹģ֪ҹ϶ˣΪ˲ðҹǳʲô鷳£»ǸæѵҹˣѾڷ˵ĴˣﵽǷˣǧٸҴʲôˣȻ͸ʲôҲ˵ʲôҲ齻Ҵͺˣ
ʱ˿̣ҹȻг˺⣬ʼǱǣô˵±ǵ˵ͷİɣ֪ˣұ֤ˣ
⻰ŵ˵ͷȻһ˼˹ȥ
֮ǰڶ֮ϼܵʱͨܺǸĶԻҲǲµܿ϶ĸԸµģ϶ҲʲôƲѵĿԵģϾļҾУʲôƲѵĿԵĻô飿
ڣеˡ
һУֻΪԼŮԻȥϾÿһʱҪһѪķÿɲǽֻͿ׬ģ
һʱ䣬ܣҲǲ֪ˣ
ʣܾζ߲Ļ֮һԼŹǰҹͰ϶ҲǲŹģ
¶ûʲôΪĴʵ̫ˣˡãΪʲô飬޷еģ
һĻ絹Щ̫˰
ţ̾˿
ʱϵһ䣬ΪͻȻ˹£æǿһԵİҹ˵סҸղ˵ĻǧҪˣ
˵⻰Ǵ򿪳⣬˿Ҳܵĸ첲˹ĳѾǰԼͰҹˣ
ӣӦû˵ʲô˵Ļܵϣֻǿ˸мɫ
λҵİְˣ
ߵʱǸæ
ãҽиλҵѣаҹ
£æҲһҽܡ
λǶлˣллǾҵŮ̫лˣ
һĿŸͰϫ˵
Ϊ֪絽Ƕ˵ʲôԸҲЩ˵ЩʲôˣֻЦ˵㲻ÿˣֻǾ֮Ͷѣ
һ⻰æǰ˰ֵʵ̫ˣȻ¶˵Ǿ֮ͣǶ˵ȴĶ°ˣﲻԶĵطҼˣλȻôȥҼɣҲҸлһǣ
֮ǰҪһЩ飬ܼȻǿˣԼܾܾأ±Ц˵˵ͷ
ţͰϫ˳籾Ҫһߵģܿǵʵ̫ˣԱҲŸͰϫһ˳ԼԼƿ
ۿĻ־ǰԼȴʲôҲˣҹкЩߺһԵĸҲǲ˵ЩʲôˣڵպЩ
ʱڵҲǸоʲô±һĿͰҹΪʲôǿְղзʲô𣿡
ܣ磬ȻΪЩµģǸ϶ǲΪˡ
⻰ʱ򣬸æǿڵû£ֻͻȻ뵽һбˣ
˵ʱ򣬸Ǹҹʹ˸ɫ
Դ֪ܵŮ֮󣬰ҹ̬ҲǺ䵭ǿԼʹ˸ɫҹȴǲ׼磬ֽԴƵһȥˡ
ʱҹƺǿʲôֵĶһ㣬üͷţһŹֵŤͷ˹
ҹΪŹֵ񣬸ҲǾЩ֣±ʵôˣΪʲôôң
ҹָ˵иܻȤģ
иһȤ
һ⻰ҲЩű˹ȥ
Բۣô£
ֻһۣʱ̲סȻţһӲסɲ
ͻľٶ±һҡΣò׻عһƵĿŸ˵ô˰ΪʲôͻȻôķӦ
Ȼʱ˿̣ȴѾûʲôȥˣĿѾȫǰסˣ
˵ǰǸ˵ǸˡЩΪһʯ̵ʯ
ֻһͨʯ񵹻ˣϾҲǼˣο϶ǲᱻһʯŵģǡƫƫʯĲǱˣԼ
߸ȷе˵Ǵս֮Լ
䲻ĿǰͻȻǳһʯͷԼ˭ǻķӦɣ
ʱ˿̣мֱͺһֻڶԼôҲ벻ȻСС忴ľ
⵽ô°
һ𾪵ŲԶʯʱߺһɲţܵǴ˹
λǶǾǰǲ֪֮лλɣǰյʱҡǺǣѾ֪֮ȷʵλˣȻˣЩǿܲţǶЩ˵黹вޣⲻѾ׼ΪλǾˣ
ŲԶʯܵ±Ϊп˵ƺ뵽˼ǰЩ顣
Ҳʱ⵽ôˣ
˰죬ԭʯ˿̵İ⻰˼ȻԼ
һʱ䣬кһڡ
ǽţȴǼһ˿Цݶܵ˵ͷԭˣҵǻǸϽȥɣ
µĳʵЩ̫ˣȲҪ
Ŷǰ治ԶĵطϾҪˣȥǰ·ɣ
һ⻰ܺ˼־˵⻰֮󣬸æǰ·
һ۲ԶԼʯ񣬸ŷ
ţһԵİҹʵôѵ㲻Ӧ˵ʲô𣿡
ǾţȫǸ׫ģͥͶ֮иûλģȻûλôҲʹżˣôҲᱻ׺ã
ҪֻһĻô϶Ҳǲôˣϧǣ£һ鷳飬Ҫһ㣬˼Ҫͥģ
塢ԼͥλܣôȻǲҪô鷳ˣҲˣҲˣǡȴǲеġ
ҪԭȻΪͥûʲôλˣ
õĻԼ׫ˣҪǲãҪĻ϶Ӳ׺³ˣӦģ϶ҲǻܵСķɣЩżˡ
ڸȻԼõȴǶݣһĻǰѶҲˣ
Զ¶ǾİҹӦлҪ˵ġ
øʧǣҹ⻰ֻ֮ҡҡͷȻûʲô˵İҾͦõģ
ãøƨҪҵ
ŭ
ǵ˵ʲôΪʲôһ仰
ʱ
⻰ǲɵÿһ죬绹ڳˣ
ţͻȻ뵽ʲôȻŤͷʵ磬ûа취İְַ£а취µĻٶһ򣡡
ڸ϶ǻԥĴӦµģϾεһǱ֮ǰһɶˡ
ķӦȴø̲ס̾˿
ֻ統±ҡҡͷǱǻ˵ҪµĻôȴΪˣҲ֪ô£ҰְͻȻͺ񷢷һʲôǾҲǸղǿʯˣǮһЩѪǮ֮⣬ĶȥˣѾкüû˯ˣҿĳ¶ζҪģ¶İﲻˣ

⻰ֻ̾˿
ʱǿʵΪʲôҰְַأ˵ߣӦöɴڵѵ𣿡
ãøƨôķҪҵ
а˼䣬Ȼſ˵ˣ˵Ҳ㻹˰ɣ
⻰ޱȵĺ棬ҲǲöˣΪĳƺȻ˵Ļֺαضأ
ҹȻСڶ鲻̫˽⣬Ƕ£ȴ֪ģֻһ˲Ĺ׸ڵʲôˡ
ţ΢΢һЦȻʦİɣǿģ
һ⻰ʱ˼־񣬸æʵô˵


594 Ȩ
ҹ𻰣뵽ʲôȻ˹ȥȴҲͻȻ˶䡣
һҹʱЩֹˣƬֻ֮ǶŸ˵ʦҪǵȻɣе㲻̫㣡
һʱ䣬ҲǸæӦ˹绹ڳأҹҪ˵飬϶ǹͥͶ飬Ȼǲܱ֪ˣ
ţ±ǵ˵ͷţǵȷ˵ɣ
Ȼҹûаеԭ߸ǸȴѾˣҹ϶а취Ҳ״ݻٵģȻĻô¸ȻҲνˡ
ϸ룬˼һԼô˵һֵĽɣ
ֹ˼ӣǰͣںҲָǰ˵˵ˣǾҵļˣ
һªש߷ļˡ
ɽɣλǹأ
Ͱҹ³ܵ±ǿʼк
һԵҲǸæ˵ȥɣʱҼҸںﲶ˲ٵϺǿпڸˣ
Ϻ
һ⻰ƤһȻıҹ˹ȥЩģҹ᲻Ϊ仰һӱ
ţȴ˿Ϊʱİҹһƽûʲô̫ķӦֻܵе䡣
ô˵ҲǺõˣ
ţǶЦЦȻŽݣҹҲ
֮ĸҲǸæӭ˳ȵѴŵ˵һ֮ĸǶŸͰҹһл
ţǵ±ȥæȥˣ׼úõһ¸Ͱҹ֪ͰҹлҪ˵ȻҲǽȥæ뿪ˡ
Ϊ˰ȫǴŰҹһ̵ĵطȻſҹʵҹղ˵Ļʲô˼ϸ˵˵
ҹǵ˵ͷűʵûĻʦ㵣ĵӦþ֮ͥķӦɣ
ͷûϾͥҪΪϸģݵλûʸ˼ģĻôҲкˣ
ǵһˣֻҪҵĸʳ棬ǾԲʲôģ
ҹǿ˵
㣿ô¶Ҫˣ
һʱ䣬һҹ˹ȥ
ۼˣҹ㿪ʼ
ԭڻĵĺ֮УֻſģĳЩƹһˮĺҲǿģĹؿǼ򵥶ˣֻҪͨͿˡ
ͥĺȨȨҲĺһƿصġ
˵ֵմţôȻǲ˼ˣΪͥģҪͨͥͬſԣʱ˵ȴǾĪеţôɾʹһˣ
Ǹйصģĺƿصģ˵ǾȻҲǸ˹ϵҲ˵飬Ҫͥͬ⣬ֻҪͬͿˣ
˰ҹĽ֮󣬸±ǻȻû뵽ĺȨȻǴĵز
ȻĺһƿصģôȷʵûʲôĵˣֻҪкͿˣϾô˵Ҳǰҹʦڰﶫ£Ӱ϶ǻģ
ţ˿
ţֺ뵽ʲôȻҹҹ
ҹĺ棬æʵ𣿡
ҪҪһѪУͰѪҰɣ
һ˵
⻰ҹҲûôԥֱӱϻ˹ȥţһĨɺǺӿ˳Ȼ˲һССѪɫӡ
Ѫ㣬ȥɣ
ҹһ߽Ѫ˹һ߶Ը˵
͸һҹȻΪ޿ˡ֮ˣûаܵǿӵϣֻһ޹ֿŮԼԾȵôȻǻ岻ݴˣ
ȻҹеǿССѪʱ±Щˣ֮ǰҹֱӻԼƣæɨƿռһСƿӳ׼Ѫ
û뵽ǣҹѪȻֱӱһССѪ飡
⻹ǡеΰ
һ˲Ĺ򣬸æǽеСƿӶɨǿռ䣬Ȼֽӹ˰ҹѪ
Ѫʮֵ󣬷ǵû˿ζȻɢһصζøЩ㵲ѡ
СţСţСôˣ㲻Ҫ谡С֣
ͻȻʱԶȴǴһ󼱴ٵĺ
Ͱҹһæǿ첽˹ȥ
룬϶ֳʲôˣ
Ȼ˸սݵʱ򣬱㿴һŵı缱Ҵҵ˹лȥҽԺȥҽԺϽȥҽԺѪü
˵ղſ϶Ѫεˣ
ÿÿÿգ鶼ᷢϣǲ֪絽ôģһ˵ĻѾױ˰ɣ
أǵûбԷĵʦҪ̴ĺǶд֣յԸҲΪЩǽһѧУ
ȷʵһùĺùܵĽѣ
ţ±סܡ
һ㶣űһе˵ǲ˼λСŵĲָˣǵøϽȥҽԺѪʱдλɣ
˵⻰ǼҴ׼ţ˭֪ǰĸȻûһ˿Ҫÿ˼
鷳ÿҪҵŮ
ۿŸǵԼǰ˿ҲûҪÿ˼˵ҲǱΪŭ
ҲָָֻԶķ˵ڴϰɣҿԾģ
ţ
һȴǿЦҡҡͷܵģûκǿԾȵģֻѪҡ
飡
ͻȻʱ˵仰
ϡ飿
һʣܺ˹һĶ˸۽һŵɫƬ֮ŽͰ͵ʵ㡭ղ˵ʲô
˵飡Ŷ񲻶ԣҳ֮⻹Ѫ˵ͿԾȵ˶𣿡
˵Ĺ򣬸̯ƣȻֻӶʱ֮УһһСһһ죬ɷעĿ
ȻʶʲôѪǵеǿŵɫʱ±ǴΪԾغ飡飡
ΪƷ鱦ֻĺײŻڣȻҲҪȥײ̣κͲǱôĵطֻǷˣȻҲ飬͵ļ۸ǧҵģļ۸ģ
Ȼһֱûҵһ飬ôģɫѾӡԺУֻһۣ̱ϳˣ
ȵȡ
ʱһ㶣ĿԱߵǿźɫС˹ȥ
ղûĻ˺˵źɫСӾѪɣ
ģôܣôܻܵõѪأ
һʱ䣬ܵӺһš
ĸף˿ҲһȵŸеӣȻҲǱŵˡ
ˣϽŵȥɣ
ۿܾȻЩæǴߴٵ
ŶŶŶ֪ˣ֪ˣšϡŴϣ
һ˲Ĺܵ±ǷӦ˹һߴӦţһ߸æǽ籧˷䣬ƺΪ̫ڼˣ뷿ʱ˵ڵأһԵİҹַһѣվûˤȥ
վ֮ܵ±һмĳŰҹ˵ͷҹȴûôܣֻĬĬ˵˸
ۼˣǺ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ϊ֪ҹ֮ԻôΪĲܣܻе磡
һϲˣ
ӣܵ±ǽСĵķ˴ϣȻŻعͷһĿǡǵʲôˣΪʲôĶ
شܵ⣬ǿеѪʵѾˣôܾ
һ⻰һæֻҪɷĩȻѪȪˮͺˣ
˵Żֹܺ
ĺ棬ΪҪ绹Ҫʲô±ֵʵôˣѵֻѪ𣿡
ǲǡһ⻰ܵ±Ǹæ˰˵ֻҪֶܾСŵˣֻǡ
ֻʲô㻹ֱ˵ɣ
ֹģҲЩ
ۼˣҲͲԥˣֻһСĵĿֻǼûôǮĶ
ҵĶ
һ㶣ȴЦűǷİɣȫԸģǲһǮģ
˵⻰ǽѪǰϣȻ±̧ϵȥ


595 һִ
ҪɷĩȻѪȪˮܼпûʲôģҲԼˣ
ȻޱȵļӲڸȴǲһˣֻһȥ˲Ǳĳɷĩˣܷһľ㵣ôҲ벻Ȼô
ˣϽһӹɣ
ʱǿ˵
ŶŶŶ
һ˲Ĺܵ±ǷӦ˹ȻææҵĴһԵĹһ˸ǰ
û˿ԥ±СĵĽеĩ˽ȥź뵽ʲôȻŤͷȥҹһ
ҹ⣬ű˳ȥƬ̼ȴ˽лһСƿȪˮ
ĩѪҪȪˮģӵеȪˮɾõȪˮˣҪ֪ЩȪˮ˿̶ɨƿռ仹ռأǰܷĿתĶҲǲֱӰȪˮȡֻðҹװȥһȡˮȥˡ
ӹҹȪˮ󣬸űСĵĽȪˮǰĲУȻһԵѪ˱С
Ѫ뱭еʱһӱǻ˿ȻˮͻȻǱѪһĹѪɫǵ˼֣ȡ֮ģһмдѪɫɫʡ
Ȼⲻ˳Ծģ˳ԾǣһˮȻǻģڱлţҿȻҪ嵽
ľ󣬱˵ܷˣҲǿЩˣһԵİҹǵ࣬ȻԲʲôСֵ顣
ţ»ǷӦ˹ȻСĵĽеⱭˮݸܵţιȥɣ˵ûĻôⱭˮ϶Ǿȵģ
Ľӹ˸Ɑˮܴ˿ѾǼһлл˵ˣֻǳŸ˵ͷȻæ򴲱˹ȥ
ۿܷһιˮ̾˿ȻһԵİҹҹܵܲܽ
׼ô
ݵĳĬ֮󣬰ҹǿʵ
ˣұ֤ӦеĳͷˣȻõԼķʽ鲻Ҫˣ𣿡
˵ţҹ˹ȥ
˵ҹѾ뵽Ҫʲôˣţȴǵ˵ͷȻЦſʦͽܣͽвʦģȻ㶼ô˵ˣôܲӦأ
⻰΢΢һЦȻԶ˹ȥ
֮ǰĴ㣬ܿ϶ӲҹɺȻһ³ģڣȴһִ㡣
תۼĹܷѾǽˮιȥҪȵģȻѹˡ
򣬸ǶŴߵ˵ܲܳһ£һҪ㣡
ȻûǺȥǱˮ֮ɫȴ𽥱˸еɫʣһ±оˣ
һеһУȻҪǹ鹦ڸˣ
Ե˵⻰ʱܵ±Ǹæ˵Կԣ
һ˵ţһ߸æ˳ۼˣǵ԰ҹԸһ䣬տ磬Ȼ˳ȥ
ļҾʹڶϣ˼ţϼ׵ľǶˣһ·޻ֱӱ򶫺˹ȥȻк棬Ҫ֪ղſǾŮλˣȻҲǲ˵Щʲôˣֻһ·
һ޴ʯͷվǰΪ׳ĶǿʵⶫƯİ
⻰һԵܸæЦǵȻˣҪ֪ⶫǻĴ֮ףܱȵ϶ģûⶫǼʮ˰Ƕⶫǡǡ
˵ʱܺ뵽ʲôһ㣬ɫͻȻͱЩѿĻҲҲ˵ˡ
ۼˣȻҲ뵽һЩ飬ȴû˵Щʲôǳܲע˲䣬֮ǰЩƬ˳
ЩƬӦöĵİɣ
˵Ż±ǽеƬݵܵǰ
⻰ʱһ㶣̧ͷЩƬʱ򣬺ͱļΪ
ЩƬĵû㾿ôõģ
һ𾪵Ŀʵ
Ҳֱӱǽ֮ǰ鶼˵һ飬ЩȻԼŮʱܵ±Щ޿κϴһ˵ʱͻȻ
Ƭ֮ܺǿʵܸܲң㵽ʲôˣҪʲô£
ܹõóֶģܿΪһۺˣѪֶǲۺͿ԰쵽飿
ټϸ֮ǰľٶܶڸݿӺˡ
ڸҪ飬ʱҲǲµ˼֣ʼնֻĲ²ѣϣֱ˵
ܵʻЦЦȻ˵ҵݣĿǰһܸ㣬Ͼͻ֪ˣ׼ʲô£϶Ҳǲµ˰ɣͲҪҶ˵˰ɣ
Ȼûֱ˵ҪĴ𰸣ǺʣѾǵõԼҪĴˣ
ݵĳĬ֮ܺ˵ҪʲôŮҪʲôҶӦģҪҵҶģѲڻȥˣ
ҡͷҲҪҪʲô
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Īһ±ЩɻʵǸ㲻⵽ʲô˼
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Ϊسֻһһô򵥵ģıԼ֪ܺ
ţ뵽ǰҲһˣȻô϶Ҳų׼ģû׼ܰѹسϳأ
˵ȷʵЩ󣬲ЩϣǺõİ
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⻰Ǻ¶һ˿Ц⣬ʯͷȻܼҵķ˹ȥ
΢΢һ㶣æ㲻˵Ҫôˣ
²ͣͷҲص˵ʵѾʹˣѾõҪĴˣ
ĪһЩزˣƬ֮ǸæȥΪûǣԼŮδ֪أ
㡭ԣﻹкöأʲô
ǰŸ̤ʱԶľͻȻǴĸ׵ģһ̻ʵ
˵϶ˣ
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ţͻȻǰһĻøΪ
ֻ֪ʱȻ˹Ҵ˿ԷŸָʳǰ˸ָĺʲȻм׷ĸȻЩָ磬ȴֿ˻˿ͣмŲˡ
һԵİҹ˿ҲһεЦ
ͻȻһˣ統±̧ͷǸʱ򣬵±ǿڳݲĺۡ
£Ҳ̲סЦűˣ㻹ǳ˵ɣ˵ʲôҲ
˵ֻ꣬ҲͻȻ˽ǰʱҲһ£Ƭ֮ЦЦЦţͻȻǿ
ɷĸƺҲ뵽ʲôһȻҲǳҭ
ţͣ۹ҲǷһ˿Ứ
ȻҲ֪ʵǲʺڳˣ±ǶŰҹʹ˸ɫȻ˱ĵ˳ȥ
߳ӵһ˲䣬ĿҲ
վãڵĿСȻûãӰ˳
ԶĿ˹±ЦѾȫأ
Ц⻹ǵöлҪĻҿܸղžˣ
𡭡лңҪлҵĻǿлˣлӦŶԣ
˵ŻºָһԵİҹţĿҲ䵽˰ҹϡ
һҹͻȻЩ˼
ˣİɣȥţǵҪ㰡ϻҪأ
ҹ飬һͿˣʱȻǱҹһˣ
˵⻰ֶ֮Űҹʹ˸ɫǿ첽˳ȥ


596 װĿ
ճŵʱ򣬸ֻóֻһֻ绰ĲǱˣ֮ǰĺϴ
ϴȻǴ˵绰ôӦ֮ǰ˵ǼüĿ˰ɣ
ţǽ˵绰
ιϴ󣬸Ϣ֮ǰСҶѾˣҹŽЩ˾Ӧûȥ֮ǰǸطȥˣ
绰սϴǴ˹
ܺãͷǰĲ֮ڵҵϢɣ
˵⻰±׼ҵ绰ˣϾϴʵûʲôĵˡ
ȵȵȵȡϴȱæŹҰһҪأ
ʱϴǴ˹
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ϴ֮Իô˵ȻΪʲôС̫˷֮ԭʵֻЩĶѣԼҪûڸǰչʾԼļֵĻδػ֮ǰŵǧ
ʱһôԼҲûа취ģϾûӸҪǮ
֮£һ⣬ǾǲϵڸǰˢڸУϵҪ´һĻصʱҲǲ˼ˣ
İ취ȻܴĿǰƺҲΨһİ취ˣҺϴԼҲ֪ԼһСʵûʲôµˣ϶ҲǲʲôҪ齻ģҲ˺ϴԸˣϾҪһ㶼Ѱ飬Ҫǰ첻õĻ˵Ǯˣû׼ԼСûˡ
飿
˺ϴĻҲ߶ţҡҡͷΪԼòûʲôҪϴġ
ԣĻмҪЩһģ
һ˲Ĺ򣬸Դһ뵽һ飡
ţ±˵ôһ˵ĻߵһҪǰæ
Ŷ˵˵ֻҪܰ쵽飬һϧ
绰ͷĺϴæĵı֤
ԸʱȴһЩӦˣ⵹ΪѰ죬ΪʵЩ˼ˣ
绰ͷĺϴûлػ±ʵôˣʲôѶ𣿡
ѶȣûûСЩ棬ҪһװĿʲô
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Ҫܼ򵥣취㵽һϺ֮ຣʵĿȻȴж
飬ϴζⲻˣΪʵǲ֪ҪһװϺĿʲô
˵ҪĿ϶Ϊ˲װˣǺϴʵǺѰ͸ϵ
Ҹ׼Ҫɵسǻô
к棬ϴ̲ס˳
ȻʱȴЦ˵ȻҪװĿȻΪҪװˣˣˣ֮֮ǰ취㵽һĿȻ󿪵Ϻ泡Զĵطҵ𣿡
ò˵˸Ļ֮󣬺ϴԴЩԺţǸæӦУİɣ¶Ͼȥ죡
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⻰ǵ˵ͷУǾɣϵҵϢ
⻰˵꣬ǹҶ˵绰
һͷǿҹ˳һĴãҹģ֪ҹ֮ǰĹϵ϶Ǹһˣ£Цʵҹʲôôİ˵£
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̫лˣǶǼҵĴ£ⱲӶǵģ
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΢΢һЦҲԵְɣע飬Ǿͱٿˣ
ҹȫָˣҾȥǣǵһҪж찡
ʱҲһЦĿ˵
Ȼ֪ѪԾ˵ݵʲôǺʣİ취ȻǼΪЧģû´ĻѾȫĿˣֻҪڵ죬ͻȫĸԭˣ
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ۼˣǿٵķӦ˹æֱ㳶סϵ·ڵڵϡ
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⻰ܵԴһƬհףôҲû뵽ʱ˿̳ǰˣȻ֮ǰڶ֮λǾ
⡭ʵ̫ˣ
ȴģղһ˲䣬ܿУȷʵͻȻǾģģ
һĻóѪȻҲ֮еˡ
뵽ܵд˿һ˿ɣ
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㡭Ǿ𣿡
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һеһУֻȡѣֲκˣ
ţǱ۾׼ӭĳͷ


597 
ǱΪ˵֮ǰǶ˵öβҪô
ţΪεҡҡͷȻŶ˵ҲҪģҲʲôĴֻϣ֮ǰĳŵ֮ǰڶʲô°뱲ӵʱȥֲɣڴˣټˣ
⻰˵꣬±ǷȻٵ뿪ˡ
һʱ䣬ֻʣһʧǵվԭأһҲ
һ·ϣûκε֮ͣǰıʱѾĵˡ
ж飬Ϊ˲÷ƵģȻǲˣȴǱ֪һˣɻʱڷϢҲֱӰѰϫܾǺһҪ˵һ顣
պϴ˵Ϊ˱𲻱Ҫ鷳ЩԱһ㶼賿һжģȻҲǱǰ׼ˡ
գȥʱֻҪϰϫͰҹͺˣںܾϸ󡣬ƣϾѾǵ˹سĵؽˣСһĺã
ȵµʱѾʱˣʱҲ˹ȻеĻܲãչǵһİĳУƻҪȥתתۼˣȻҲֻˣ
ãֳ˲бصزȻŻص˱ݣʱѾϾŵˡ
ò׿ŷ˯£Сĵ˳ȻصԼķ䣬һϢһϵļƻ
ֹһۿʱˣкŰϫͰҹţȻһ˾ֱ㱼֮ǰϺ泡ȥˡ
εж˵˵ǡ㡱ĸЩȻǵ㣬ôȻǱزˣҲֱӰ˶ˡ
˵ط֮Ҳأһ׼֮ǵһȻΧһ߳Ŷơƣһ
ϫ˼ã˼񻰹ҲָƵģڰҹҲûжľȣǰҹڰϫȴǴΪû뵽Ȼй壡
ͬʱڸͰϫаҹΧʱ򣬾ǲԶһƬСУϴһԶţԶĵطһͼСƬ֮ͻȻһȻǲ˵֣ôȻǴĵ찡
ںϴȻ׼ЩԱģô϶ҲǵǰúһЩɣҲȶ˷ְɣ
µĸȻһ߳ŶһɾʵЩˣ
˰죬ϴҲףֻǲȥˣǺʱԶĵطȴǴһֵϴ˲һæǾеԶ˹ȥ
ţǵһֻʱ˿̲Զ·ϣһڲɫǰߣҲѿЩ˵ĿϺ泡
ҵģȻһôˣε˵ĺҪ
Сֹһ䣬Щ˳׵ʧ֮еʱ򣬺ϴǸæó˵绰
ιϴЩѾǵˣҸղſһ£ҲʮأСһɣ
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⻰һԵİϫΪε̾˿ȻһĻʵЩ㲻ΪʲôҪˣûҳֵĻᰡ
˵ʼʱ׼ͷģһôˣҸҹҲæİȻҲٲˣǱҪȫɵǣһҲܷܣ

ˣô˵Ҿôɣ㣬ҲǲòӦˣ
ϫ˵ţɵ˵ϣȫȻҲѽҪ
һ뵽ϴθ齻ֵĳ棬ԼбҪһ°ϫģϾϫɱǿǺģ
ϫȻֵʱǵǧ̫ˣҲϣκˣǵҲУ
İɣ֪ˣ
ϫһȻشȻǺһơơ
ţӹȥˣ˿̣Ѿ賿ʱˡ
ʱһ΢ĽŲǴ˸ĶУ˲ǷӦ˹̧ͷһֻҹͰϫҲԼ˹ȻҲǲˣ
΢΢һЦ֮󣬸ǾеơƶŰҹͰϫ˵ٸһԱȺ֮󣬾͸øˣ
⻰һڣǲһǰ֮ǰĽŲҲͻȻʧˡ
ЩһҲ
ţǺһơƣۼˣϫͰҹĵҲһЦȻҲǺ˾
ͬʱھǲԶĵطһĬĬעǡ
Ƭ֮һСĶԱǸ˵е㲻Ծĳʵ̫ˣ˶ǺܽƻģǱСЩǣ
ʣȻǸҪȵˣҲһֱŹسԱˣ
֮ΪǸ⻰ȴǺܲͷĿ˵ǲе̫СˣʲôСĵģȻǴ֮ǰһﻪˣЩ˿Աȼģİɣε϶ǲʲôģ
˵ĵûǿǼڵоֹȻǼΪģǻСһЩĺã
Ϊ˻̲סѵ
һ⻰ЩˣϾԼһ˵ϴôҲԼ˵ʲôʱֵ﷢ʩˣ
ţĿǱΪǿӲˣ֪ôˣ㻹ǲҪˣ
ţǿߵЩ˵ţڿʼĹȥΧǣȻȴҵֻҪһǾһȥ𣿡
ˣ
ģһСĴӦ
ۼˣȻҲǲٶ˵Щʲôˣ֪ΪΣкǱüΪͺԼҪԵĲСĻˣʲôǿĴһ㣡
ĸо̫ˡ
ߣʶ̽ΧĻһ㾫ΪҲǿģڸаϫͰҹ˵ȻҲǲڻˣ
һ˲Ĺ˺ǲԼƺѾǱ˱ΧˣЩ˻𽥿š
ô죿Ҫô
ϫСĿʵ
һ߱۾̽ΧĻһ˵ȵȻᣬʱûϹأڳֵĻе̫ˣ
ȻҪɵȺһôȻҪһˣȺһǻЩ̫ԶˣڳֵĻѱ˳ӵֻǵȺһ￿һڶˣҸ˿̰ΧǵĲеԱڲԶĵطһȺˣ
ֹһۿԼѾ˲׵ľˣƺǲδԼ˵Ĵڣ±ǲɵЦ˵֮ǰЩ˹̫ˣС¶첻ãǵȻԳ֡
㻹˺ǶѾΧסˣǻ˿ҲûǸֵĻ𣿡
һĿߵĹ˵
ҲΪ˵ѵԼ´ֻһ˶ѣʲô֣
ţ±ڨЦӦҶˣ֪һҪôأ
ô죿ô죿Ȼɱٰ֤ݸˣ
Ҳûı㿪˵
е㲻ðɣϾǻģóȻɱ˵Ļǻɺܴ鷳ģһ˷ʬĻǿɾˣ
ԥ˵
ʲôһ˵ԱߵĵطǶˣʱɱЩһȻǵʬϰʯȻ뺣вͺˣˣ͵ſϷɣ
˵⻰±ǶŲԶȺ˸ƣȻһ˲ĹΧڸߵЩ˶ʱǶ
ͬʱһɲǵʱ䣬ҲǸæӦ˹Ȼס˰ϫͰҹֱۣһĹ˶ʱʧˡ
ǺǰԱ׼ֵʱȴǷ˼Ϊ˾㵵һĻֻ֮ǰԵ˺ʧˣ
һʱ䣬еԱЩ޴ΪղŷһĻʵЩ̫ˣ
һĹ򣬲ԶĵطðһԻ棬ŻƳһ˿Ĺ˲أǸΧ
ڲԶĵط˿Ŀǣ֮ǰе


598 ʴ
һɵҲһˣһʱ䣬Щżż֮࣬ȴҲżҵģԼղŲûае˶ɳȥȻɾˣ
ԣղ˵ģôͻȻʣˣһȥˣ
ʱһԵĹǽ
һ⻰ڳкһȻæԶĵطѰһ˵Ӱ
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æͷһźǿһĻ˾Ȳѵ龰ֻ֮ǰ֮ǸˣȻ֪ʱѾȻˣ
ڶ֮ǰѾԱʵǷֳжģһһڰжʱѾһڵĵصˣ
֮ǰΧǵȺһҹͰϫͺˣȻȥԸһˣ
㡭㵽ʲôˣΪΪʲôͻȻ
һߺǾֵ򳡵ĵط˹ȥһʵֻʱ˿̣ԼѾǺƴɱ֪ΪΣԼЩ˾Ȼȫ˵Ķ֣ԶıһǺĲҽˣ
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ֳϣ޳ʵЩСˣԸ㽫һֱռڵ˳һѾǳˮͰϸʮ׳ǰһֱҲûʲôõǵĵطʱҲպǳһˡ
Ȼˣ϶ҲǲЩԱǰˣΪûҪ飬Ļ֮еձ˶ǻᱻҹϺ֮ĺˣҪʲôأ
ۿŸΪľٶҲһţµĲҲǷųǰһĻֵ˵ˡ
ֻǰ˻ʱԶĵطǴһɳɳţ˶ޱȵͷ̽˳
Ŀ⡢оӡӴһ˲ǳڳ˵
찡⵽ʲô
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ҪҡҪҡ


һʱ䣬һ󰧺Ұ
ЩԱһһĶսжһѺ֣Ǹȴûʲô˼ǹˣԼͻȻĳ֡ټͻȻϮһսڰӵʱڱˣ
ˣһ⣬ȫǱסӣȺŸķ䡣
Ŵһ²ԶսȴǱƺҲѾսʱʱĻһɫĹâš
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ȻǰЩĺʵĻ

䣬Զĵطһҽ𣬸æ̧ͷһ㿴ҹеǿŻɢһɫĹââֱӱԶһԱȥţȵɫâʧʱ֮ǰԱʧˣȡ֮ģֻһв㡣
ꡭǹ찡
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˿ˣϾ͸ˣϫһȥˣûп
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һ⻰ҲǸæ͵ԶԶԣðҹʾһˡǡҹҪӶҰ
˵˵һ룬ǲһ˿ԾĵطΪⰽҹȻǰѻ׼Լ
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Ϊʱ˿̣ǰԾͻȻǱŴʮ࣬ҹͰϫҲǣֵǣҹͰϫ˿̾Ȼһ𾪵
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һŭ𣬸±ǾԼġСȭͷصҹ˹ȥ
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599 ͵
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ҪǰĻϫ϶ǻ˵ȥԷһʹˣΪǲϲĥֵģϧǣεȴˣôЩձˣ֮ǰѾǶ˵ģԴˣҲΪˣ
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⻰ǼΪԻĵ˵ͷȻǽŵһЩպôյ˰ϫǰ
һĻԼղ˵ȷʵֻǷϻˣԷ˵ĻЩȷʵǿвһ˿⣬Ǻԣǰ˸Ͳ˰вʲôأ
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˵⻰ϫаȵЦȻţϵƤȼ
һʱ䣬ͫ׺һӷŴ͸ͫףῴһȼŻͷ

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ȵŰҹ߳ʱֻϫʧˣ֮⣬ֻ֮ǰԱҲǲ֪Ϊε˹ȥ˿ſϡ
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⻰СĵĽǼԱ˵ϣȻ˹ȥ
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ţǷһֵ飬ǾǸȻǲˣ
˵ʵڸ˸ûʲôȤΪĳŵһģǸģֻԸһиȤ
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һ˿ʼһɫĹâɫĹâʧ֮󣬻˱ûӰȡ֮ģȴһЩֵĺǺһĶ
һκ׼ʱȴҲǱŵ˵ˣ
˵Ҳ֣ȻޱȵĿ־壬̲סȥȻ飬һδεˢ֪
ǸĪȻ֪ô£ȻҲǱһʲôûãǱ˻ȻʱȻǳޱȾ޴ߣÿߵϻԱ
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鲢ֻһ˿ˣڳСܼ˶ˣ˵ĵӿûôˣֻǿһͲҿˡ
ˣ˴˿̵ҲޱȵĽҲ֪һǸôˣ
ϴҲû⣬ֻһ´һˣ
һӾͱúǽ


600 ִ
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ԼֻǸһǮ˰£˭֪νǮ˾Ȼһ֣ɾͿӵ˰
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ںͰҹϫʲô飬Ҳûע⵽ϴֱ֡
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ۿŸǵ˵ͷϴȴЩȻæϴǲ֮ǰسµ˶ᱻɺʰ
տʼЩɻ󣬲֪ϴΪʲôôʣǽţǷӦ˹Ҫ֪֮ǰϴһ˿԰ŹسµģµĲĻЩһﻹ˲ٵ¶ǶȻɸǰðسµˣܲأ
ţкһ֣˵Ҫǲ˵һ벻һ˵Ļǿɾǹֲ˰
ţǰһϴµûΪسԶ˺صȾԶк͹سйصȫɺʣԶֱΪֹ
һ⻰ϴɫǳɫ


601 ֻ
ò˵ںϴ˵һҹΪڽۿǷ˷츲ذı仯
ȻڵѾûʲô˼ȥı仯ˣʱ˿̣ѾղŵǾ仰ɵˡ
ʲôк͹سйص˶ɺʣ겻ҲЩ
һ뵽Լпܻᱻһһֻ꣬ϴʱٱЩȻæһеĿϴ⡭ܲͨһ°Ҫ֪ҲΪسİȻѾǸаˣǡǾŹǰ
ĺЦɫȴûбֳ±һĿϴ˵ҲˣΪ鶫֣ίиңжһǲӦܵ𷣣Щ׼ļһȻǲˣǶĿǰڿ֮еģ
˵ţǴ˺ϴ
ϴһ⻰±ץ˾һ㣬æһĵ˵ϴ˵Ȼֵ֮ǰȷʵ˺ܶĻ£ֵ¶ѾǸа˰νӻͷ𲻻ε飬ǿǾ֧ģҪʲôֻҪھˣһǣ֮ǰ˵ǧҲҪˣֻҪǱɺʾͳˣô
ϴ֮ǰ֮Ĵڣʱȴǲɵˣ
źϴһµģᶼҪЦˣڻһĿϴĿǰûҪǵÿ֮ıˣǱֺõĻôҿ϶ҲǲǱɺʵģ
İɣһúñֵģʲô;ܷԸˣ
ȻûȷĴӦ£ںϴȻ˵ˣôҲһɣڿỹģֻҪԼ˰˸飬ôȻҲǲᱻɺˡ
ۿԼĿȻǴﵽˣҲͲȥŻϴˣ漴ָŵϵĺ˵ڴЩСܣЩʶᵽϣȻǷһȫĵط֮ٵҵɣǧҪǵãһҪúõչЩһǧЩһˣ𣿡
ҹɺʵЩԱĶͿˣҪȵ֮ɰҹЩһȥȴ䣬ĿǰΪֹֻǰǽϴչˡ
ϴһ⻰æĵŵϴİɣһ׵ģұ֤ʲôʱЩʶǻģ
˵⻰ϴҲûԥ±ȺС˹ȥȻʼԸǸ˻
ʱ򣬸ȻҲûʲôôˣԸ±кϫͰҹ뿪ˡ
ȻصݵʱѾ賿ˣŽϾǲμӴˣ϶źܶҪص֮󣬸ֻǼ򵥵ϴһ£Ȼڴ˯ˡ
ڶһ磬һǾڳ˯еĸ
˭
˸Ժʵ
ң컹Ҫأ
ǷƵ
һ⻰ʱ˲٣ֿʱ䣬ϰ˵ңĺ˯һֵƵĻɣֻӦһϾ
ţ±ǺҵĽ·ϣȻſ˹ȥһ򿪣ǰǳ˷Ƶӡ
ɣһ£Ͼͺã
˵Ż˹ȥȻʼϴ
ϾҪȥμӴˣΪ뵽ϿܻᷢһЩõ飬ԸǾȥ̽һһǳʲô飬Ҳ̫ڱˡ
ȵϴϣ߳ʱȴǷַƴ˿ȤһݺƲ˵һĶ
ĺ棬±ʵʲô
ŶǽϹسĶ涼һЩҪĶϸܣһЩһĶûʲôֵ
˵ţǽеݸ˸
һ⻰ʱҲ˼ȤΪҪձ˾ٰᵽǻЩʲô
ֻǿ˼򵥵ļҳεҡҡͷ˵ûиĵ׶һЩʲô˵ǮҪ;ģŪҲʵЩ˵ȥɣ
ֻϵĶձĲƷҿƺҲЩˣԸĿ⿴Щʵ̫զˣҹ
ַ˼ҳ˲һֻƬӡ˸ֻ֮ĶһֱǺܶȻҲǲֻ׺òˣֻĻȴЩĽǻĵķ񣬿ȴƫƫһЩķ
ŵʱ򣬵±ǻȻ˵ֲԼĸоأԭ˰죬ֻȻձ˻ģֿһļۣжʱһֻӬһܡ
ǲд˰һƻļҲҪ򣿻ձ𣿡
ʵ
ǣҡҡͷǳ֣֮ҲǹŴĶ֮Իôߵļ۸ֻΪǱҲģ
Ҳ
⻰Ǹֻ˹ȥȻȻǱҲȻЩ죬Ҳϵˡ
Ҳʲô˰Ϊʲôһô󣿹ļ۾ˡ
һĿʵ
û뵽һ⻰ȴһ˹ĸһĪ
㲻֪Ҳ˭𣿡
ΪյŶͷʵ
Цֻһձ˶ѣΪʲôҪ֪˭
ǲм˵
ɽҲǹسĻϰ尡ҲηⳡˣеĿˣȻ֪֣
һŵĿ˵
⻰ҲסˣȻţĿ䵽еǸֻϡ
ҪҪôӰǸһһֻȻǷ𣿡
ϵֻ˵
һӵ鰡ײֻǵͼ۾͸ǻüǧ򰡣ıҲѻ˶ɰ׳
ֱˡ
ţǿЦõ˵صص㵽ھȻ֪Է֣춼ˣ
ˣȻȥ˰ǾһŮӽһȺձأ
ֹһ䣬ȻһЦĶԷ˵ҲܹҰ֪ǲ˵ҲʶģҲпԭ˰ɣˣΪĽϴȥԶòã
һ⻰ƵЦ
˵ƵҲרŵĲǱƵʳʳȽϺóһ㡣
򵥵ʰһ¶ָܾǴ˸кǴŷƳȥˡ
ٺУҪزȻǺˣΪѾǴسԵĳһٺʣԵ͵ʱ˶ûʲôϺ֮ĶǵزСԡ
˵Цĳ֮󣬸Ǵŷ˴еĿĵһΪ׽𺺳ĸߵֻĴٰġ
ΪǱŲ鿴̬ģԸҲû̫ڿھ׽𺺳ЩĵطͣȻʼܵĻ
ֻһۣ±ǿԲܻһĳˣΧЩͿԿóˣһɫĶϰĺһĳأ
ֻſڵҲǹϵģȻװţвɵǷֹȻһԵķƵҰ׽𺺳ϰ岻ҲǱҲɣ
⻰Ƶ±ҡҡͷĺˣ֮ǰѾˣҰ׽𺺳ϰɲʲôձˣǵصصĻˣֵһǣϰ廹һŮˣǽаɣǧС˼ң˵г˱Ҳ֮⣬ǮƵľλˣҺ֮ǰҲҲҪչҰ׽𺺳̸ˣǽȴǱԺ˳ҲͲ֮ˣ
Ŷû뵽ϰȻһλŮкܰȻñҲưͿʱҵȥˣ
Ϊ͵˵
֮ǰ˽⣬Ϊźϴ˵ĻҲƽм˵˼ˣֻҪõĶûеòģø벻ǣƽоȻôһñҲ˼ɵˣ
Ծǣ˾ȻһŮˣ
ͻȻǶǰҰ׽𺺳ϰȤƵ±óƽԣȻе˳ݵ˸ǰ
ʱ򣬸ȴǰ˰ֵ˰ɣֻҪҵģ϶ǲʵģмȻùس˼ɣȻҲĳЩ֪ܵģҲûʲôˣа취֪һУ
˵⻰ǽֻ˳Ȼͨ˺ϴĻ


602 
ϴеĵͷߣȻ˵ʲô鶼֪ܹҲеϻģ֮ǰǰسµģȻ͹س֮йĦôϴܿҲǲ£û飬Ҳǻ֪һЩġ
ʣϴ֪϶Ǳ϶öˣȻҪ֪еʵݣôȻҺϴʱȽϺˡ
绰֮ͨͷʱ㴫˺ϴЩԺ
˭ϵĴʲô绰ò˯˰
⻰ҲûΪ֪ϴ϶æһϵģȻ϶ϢˣͻȻ˳ѣ˭᲻˵ġ
ţ±ǵػصң
ţ
ϴһ㶣Ÿæǽֻǰֻʾʱ±һ˹ȻæǶֻ˵ιԭϴǲ˼ˣҸղһûӦⰡ
û£δ绰Ҫһģˡʲô֣
ͻȻʱȻ뵽Լֱڻ֪ϴأֻϵıעҲǼ򵥵ġˡ֣֮ǰҲûʲôԾĵطһ룬òʵЩˣְɣ
⻰ϴҲһ£ܿǸæӦ˹Ȼ󿪿ڵԾϴСͿˣ
ԾѾ
ôЩְȻǸһĹŴŮˡ
εЦЦʵͱҴҪǳƺΪСĻʵе㲻ʣһǳƺΪɣ
ɳɳɣɣֻҪˣôƺУˣղŲ˵Ҫ𣿵ʲô¶
Ծ
ŶҪȥμӱҲٰһᣬһа׽𺺳ֻٰģҶطе棬֪֪׽𺺳Ļϰеһôġ
У
û˵꣬绰ͷԾǾһУȻһԵķҲһ
ɣҲ⵽ô£
µҲǶҰ׽𺺳Ļϰ˼ֵȤˡ
˵ͷֻֽóŶֻ˵ôˣΪʲôֻôķӦʲôˣ
绰ͷԾΪŵ̿ˮȻ˵ϴһȰλͷɾԲһλǵǱȥλ鷳˰ɣ
˵˭˵Ҫȥ鷳ˣֻżȻ˵֮ǰҲչҰ׽𺺳ģǵûеóѣ˷Ǳи˳֮ҲͲ֮ˣû¶
绰ͷԾһ⻰ЩԥƬ֮ΪŹֵ˵˵°µģǸ˲ǱϳģǱģ
ţôº˽ⰡѵʶʱǸ𣿡
Ǻʵ
ҲʶǸˣǸ˾ҰҾǵ걻иǸ˰
ƺ뵽ʲôõ飬Ծ˵⻰ʱֱҪ޳ˡ
ò˵鵹Щ֮ˣŸͻȻ뵽ȻĻôԾ϶ǺйӴģһĻеȻҲ֪ˡ
ţǸæʵˣνúᵱ£Щ¾ͲҪ˵ˣ㻹ǸϽ˵˵еʲô˰ɣΪʲôñҲô˼ɣ
⻰Ծ±ǵһȻֵ˵ʵʵеʵݣҲǲ˽ģһЩɿϢòоģ˵ĸ׺ǻĵĳλرľ
֮ǰҲȥ̸ʱһ֪¶ȥ֮հ˵Ҳϴ֪λͷʱһѻǹ׼ҵԴҵʱļֱҪˣȻ֪ԭоȻôһλţƵˣʱҪĻû׼Ͷˣ
֮ҾͰ¸Ҳ˵ˣȻҲƺҲǵһеʵݣ֪λһ˿ǵҲͲ֮ˣ֮ȻҲе˷ˣȴûٸȥκθйصĹ˾ҵˣ
ԾĻλһȫµʶˣţʵˣкͱҲĹϵô᲻ҵжʲô鷳
¸Ϊĵˣеݺܲһ㣬ǣ˾ҪǺͱҲʲôϵĻôֻεҲǲýˣȻпǺͱҲûʲôŲٵĳͻΪʲôҲҪξٰĵطеĵأ
һһ»бҪģ
һ⻰Ծ±ǻصİɣҸ˵оǸҲûʲôϵģкüǸҲ˳ͻΪʲôҲѾۻĵصѡȻΪֺˣϾҲҲǿоԲǵģȻǣôֻǷʾˣ
ԭô°
ʱǳ׵ķˣԾһЩ飬ǹҶ˵绰
Ϊݵ˵û뵽оȻôһλŮкܣȻñҲ˵η壬лĻҵҲȥˣ
ЦЦǰ֮ǰұܻҵжʲôõӰ죬ڿƺˣʱû׼ܰһأ
Ծ˵жڱ̬һֱǼΪмģټݣ±뵽һĵӣ
Ҳ֮ԸôаԵ޷Ǿ֮ǰǻԱձʹĹϵһԱѾԼˣΨһʣµģձʹˡ
㣬Щ֣ΪҪǴĻôͻɹ⽻¼ˣҲǲȥģ£ȴͻȻһ˿ϣ
㲻⽻ϵ⽻ӲӮùĹϵڸֻҪпϳ֣ʮа˾ǾԻɹģ
Ȼе׻᲻Ҳһδ֪飬ΪһϵŸ½
ȻеҪмһ棬ȴ֪ڲʱֻǵȵ˵ˣĻؽҲǻϯģϾⳡᣬҲʵҲҪֺеģȻ˵ĻôжҲǻϯˣ
򵥵һ£ǿƵˣʱ仹磬ǾȲҪȥˣҲûʲôطرȥģڿԴȥ
һ⻰ʱһε˵Ҫȥתתɣ˵︽иںߵֳرĺ棡
õģЦ˵ȥȥɣģ
˵⻰±Ƿ뿪ˡ
ڸ뿪˲һӵʱ䣬ԶĵطȴǺССӰһĴŲԶ׽𺺳
Ƭ֮󣬿СһŮǺ˵ҵˣ˵ǳʲôʲôеģʱǾְɣ
һ⻰һԼʮŮ±˵ض㣬֮ǰ˵͵ô͵ˣ¸Ҫ֪ˣ϶ģ
һԵһ΢һЩŮҲһԥĿ˵԰ҲЩãҪۻǻһ취ɣ
ʣͻȻŮȻ껹йˣµģ֮ȴǸΪǱó϶ҲûôϢá
ΪʲôطҲֻ˵һɺˣ֮ǰڽ϶ŶӵתƵʱеĳλ̽Ҫٰһᡣ
飬ʵûʲôȤģǵЩ˵˵žȻʱ˼Ȥ
һ֪ξٶⳡϰʵһ˺֮ǵĻһ֮һ⡣
˵͵ʵʧݣҲһŶ͵һ˵ĶôΪȻǻᱻģҪ͵Ƕ˵ĶôɾͲһˣ
͵˵Ķôܽ͵أǽȡ
˾ĵַ֮Ǵź͹̽Ϣˣ׼ϵʱӻȡǮãϾ⼸춼Ƿ޵ģԲЩסˣ
ѾˣҲѾǼˣҲǿȥҸģȴôҲȥҸΪĵĸᳰЦ
ȻѾö⣬Ǻԣ͹»ΪԥģҪԭΪ¸֪˻
ɨһﵽʲôµģΪʲôҪأ
ε̾˿תȥ˺͹׼ǽһ¡͵͡ȡĶ壡


603 ˻
һĿ͹˵˼ȫǴ֪Է˵Ļô϶ʧˣĻ𣿶ҸղҲӦˣǶھٰʲôǸʮַߺ޵ģ˵Ŀ϶һЩΪʵļһˣ
䲻һֱнٸƶ˵ôǰǱΪӢ۵ģǲ͵ڽٸƶ˵ʱ͵ԣȡȡ˵ʱȡĶֻһ㣬ȻʣµĶ͸˺ˣǾô
˵ţһڴ
ô˵һʱҲ֪ηˣһԵĹҲˣֹƬ֮󣬺С˵ô˵ˣֻ͵˵ģ͵˵ģ
⻰֪ѾǴӦˣ˸æǵͷûû⣬ұֻ֤͵˵Ķ
֮Уûзģ͵¶Ҳֻ䵽͹ˣΪǺ꾫ԵʣӵԻ˵ı죬͵Ҳǵʲˡ
ϸĹ۲һܵĻȻ̶˼ƻŴź͹뿪ˣϾҪϲŻУҲûʲô˼ˡ
ͬʱĳһʽڣһԼʮĹͷΪյڷ߶ţΧĻϵ·ѷһձˡ
ûȻǹسĻϰ屾Ҳˣ
ҲںżҲͷۣΪһ֮ǰδй飬ɳȥµһֱھȻûлһϢҲûУ
֮ǰûзÿνǰ飬ǲĹͰˣҲǻǰ֪һµģΡ
̧ͷ˿ʱ䣬Ѿʮˣ뿪ѾǹȥʮСʱˣʮСʱûпκһ˻ҲûеõκεϢʵЩ
ֻȥһЩѣΪʲôأ
ˣ
ʱһȴ
Ҳϵ˲һȻæǿ˵
ţű˿ȻһİС˱˽
˵һ˲䣬ҲǸæʵôûҵǣ
İСҡҡͷȻһǸ˵Բˣܣûҵǣ
Ҳһ⻰һǸæʵû﷢ʲôֵ飿
İСһ⻰һȻ˵شˣϸһǸطȷʵǷһЩͬѰ顭
ͬѰ飿ʲô飿Ͽң
Ҳæ
űҲһżӣİСȻҲǲҵ󣬸æ·֣ǸطһЩĺۼЩۼ̫Լ˸ģ²²⣬ǺпǱˣ

Ҳһ⻰ǴΪŭغдطȻ˸ǣҡ
˵һ룬Ҳ˵ȥˣΪԷǵǣһɹˣȻԼ˿϶ҲӦûˣ
ţ̾˿ΪȻˣ˵Լȥ˿϶Ǳ˸һѶ˵ˣ
֪֪˵ǻûлţ
Ҳʵ
Ŀǰ֪Ѿϵ֮ǰæµЩˣϣܸṩһЩϢϾ֮ǰǺЩ˽ֵģֻҪǿϰæĻôӦҵǵģ
İС˵˵⻰ʱȴЩֹΪ֮ǰͼϵԾʱȴôҲϵˣвɵЩֹ֣֣⻰û˵ΪѾǿˣҲѾǼĻüëˡ
Ҫ֪ǿʮԱЩһһһĺ֣ɾһˣ¾ȻǻʬҲҲǵӰֱͺƾʧһ㡣
ڻʮˣǵһ顣
Ȼ֮ǰҲйٵĻǵ鷳ÿֻҪЩԱһ֣ôеǻõĽ˭뵽ȴأ
鷢ֳȻûҵκεʬ壬Щ˻ĿѾǺСˣϾҪʮ˲Ǻѵ飬رǵʮ˻Ǹֵʱ͸ܷܿˣ
ҪǻĻ϶Ҳǻɱ󲿷˵ģֻһЩмֵˣȻһȫɱ
ĻȻҲǲ˵ˣΪ֪Ҳ϶Ҳ뵽ˣ
ε飬ûô򵥵ģֻһʼѣ
ˣҪж
ˣ֪ˣȥɣǵãһҪѰǵ䣬ҪҪʬ
Ƭ֮󣬱Ҳǿ˵
İɣ֪ˣ
˵仰֮˳ȥ
תۼ䣬ʣ±Ҳһˣ
εڲԶĵطҲǵȼһ֧̣Ȼ󻺻ĳ
Ȼһʶ鲻򵥣ڿƺǳԼˣ
µЩ֤֮ĶѾôҪˣҲٹĵ˭ԼĵֻǶԷʲôˣʲôĿġ
ϾܹһӽʮԱļһһأ
ڻƬأҲһֱǼΪмģ˵ձ˵ȷʵǻ˵һ֧Ǿǧݱ䣬ձѾǳԽˣڼݣһָ߸ϵĸо
ڣָоȴǵȻ޴ˣҲ֪ô£ҲܵһĪĿֻţĪĿֻţޱȵĵ
ͻȻģԼ֮ǰƺǴˣĲûԼô򵥡
ţһȼ
ʱĺܿ죬תۼǵϣͷҲĻص˱׼Ƕߵʽеģʱ˱Ѿ׼׵ˡ
ţһ˱ǺƺƵ׽𺺳ʻ˹ȥ
˵Ҳǰⳡĵص㶨˰׽𺺳ȴûȫİ׽𺺳ֻǶ˰׽𺺳һ⵹ΪҲòôǮˣΪҰ׽𺺳ϰиԸ
ɴ˿ɼоԲһǵˣ
׽𺺳һܸϲĵط׽𺺳ſڵˣֹμⳡˣŲǰǲˡ
ҲΪ׽𺺳ſҲûʲô֮ģĵطһȴţſ߰˸İСձˣЩձ˲ǱҲˣ˵ĵطȻⳡٰĵطˣҪȥĻȻǵЩձ֤ˣ
Ҳˣͺ껹й˳Ļ˽
֮ǿʼѰεĿꡣ
Ϊ֮ǰкͺ֤һȥ͵˵ĶѰĿʱҲǸСģȻĲ˵Ǻ˻ǻˣǿ˳ĵ˻ǻˣ
Ҳû취鰡Ͼ˻ԼôֵأֻȥѰһЩȽ˵ˡ
Ƭ֮һĿ꣬Ȼţæкź͹˹ȥ
˳ָķ˹ȥԶı߿һЦһŮԱĶֶŵģŮȻǱŵòᣬҪ¶ܣǸȴֱӽƵǽǡ
ôһȻᱡŮһһ֪ܵļһ϶ǻ˰ɣô
С˵
⻰ԥһ£űǵ˵ͷȻðɣǾʹֺˣǼǵãһܸ߸簡
£æĵı֤İɣǾǲģ
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ʱȺȴǴһ۵ŮűϴľֻǰһӰعʱ򣬺Ȼ㷢һֻСԼ˹

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ͻȻֵһĻ±˶㵲رǵ˿ϴľ߳ȥľȻֻһֻʮСʱ˵±ǻزˡ
ȻȴûʱȥЩ˵ǳԲԾˣһŽϴľ߷֮æǶȻ׼ź뿪
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ҹȻкЩղ۸ļһȴҲûԼҪΪ˽ģۿŶԷûг֣ԼȻҲǲóˡ
ںܾĵ鵹Ǽ򵥶ˣԼ˻Щ˸ϾЩһɲ֮ǰԸЩߣû׼һ͹ˣЩòʧˣۿŶԷûж֣ȻҲǲóȻˡ
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˶ŮĿ֮бǷеĺƣȻοˣѾ֪ˣİɣܶԷԱֶţĹأȻ˻أôȻǲŹģȥɣȻԻһģ
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⻰еĿҲŴ˹ȥƬ֮ǷԸУ¾ͽˣǵãһ˲ǶֵĻһҪǣҪܺúõĽѵЩձ˵ĻȻǵðҪúдһ
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ŸһڣǽڵӰҲǳһƺҲû뵽ȻԸԼԻ
ţǵӰǴձӰ࣬ǺˣȻҶҲ
ɶ
⻰ʱ򣬸±һ㶣Ȼ뵽һЩ飬˵ձĳһһо磬֮˵⣬ֻΪطĲʲôɷ֮Ķȥձˡ
⵹ҲûʲôҪ֪﹩ЩνȥձˣǰԻĵˣ
ձԣЩȥľΪĴڣǶеĻ˶ԣЩȥľȴԶĳˣ
ţ±һȻ󿪿ʵʲô羸ģӴûҲ֪ħħĶʲô⣬˵ʲôӶҪɵģ
һ⻰±ǺüŭĿ㵽˭Ȼ˵ѵҲǲȡ𣿡
֮ǰڵʲôһԼ֪ķ𣬿ڿȫǲܵ¶Դȱôķ
ʱһ˿ԥˡ
ҲµûĻӰӦǺͱϵİɣ﷢һУıӦҲǿԿİɣ

Ǿһ⻰Щƺ׸Ϊʲôôʣǽţȴǵ˵ͷû
ܺã
⻰±ǵ˵ͷ
ľȴԽӲʲô
һЦȻһĿǾһĻҸɵʱı岻Ҳܿ𣿡
һ⻰һŭȵ
ţһⱬ˿ۼˣæǽԼʶ˳
һ˲䣬һ˿ԥֱӱǽеĽˡ
סˣɵǻĵɣ
󱬽һ˲䣬˵


608 Ҳ
νľڸʵûжµģΪʵ̫Сˣټڻĵĵϣ𼸺ûκοԽֻּ̧䣬㽫ǾķŽһˡ
ţҲܲˣ
ʲô𣬹ƨͨĶôֻ±Ҳûдﵽһ˵ˮƽɣΪҲҳƷ𣿡
һ䣬ŽѾԼ˵Ľ˱ϴľǰ
ۿԼĽȻǱǰ˸ˣɽľ±ǾеˣȻһٵ񣬾һǲŹģˣ
һ۱ϴľİɣҲģǻĵĵ̣ǸʲôƨǹҲʲô˻ģҼȻܸɵķ񣬾һܸɵҪ壬б
ڱϴľһڵûʲô뷨ˣ׼ӱҲһԸ
ϾôįǸһҲ໥
ţǶűϴľЦЦݣ˲ñľЩëȻ
Ѿٵź͹ӦҲǻָˣ±׼ȥ˭֪ʱԶĵطǴһɧ˲ǽ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥͰҹ˶ˡ
ţֻǰ治ԶȺǷ˿ȻһȺڵ˽ͷһԼʮˣ˵һ˲䣬ߵıϴľǼΪϲĴְ֣
ȻǸæҲ˹ȥ
Ϊ⻰ﺰģԸҲû仰ʲô˼ⲢӰϳǸ˵ݣϵ鿴ԾǱҲˣ
ţ̾˿ΪͻȻ֣鵽һ֮ǰŬƺǶ׷ˣͨⳡҲռ֤ݵģڿζʵˣϾ߼˿ǰűϴľڵձͨͨһ٣ⱾҲǲμⳡ
ҵһμʲôڸ˵ҲǲҪˣΪε飬Ҳ϶Ҳǻ䱸ģʱ̵ĶԼһѼ֤ʲôģҲֻһЦˣ
ȻܰôȻǹĸˣ
뵽̾˿żȻ˼£ôȻ˼İ취ˣֻҪԼѼ㹻֤ݣȻҲбصسϳġ
£Ѿǲ̫ʵˣΨһʣµģҲֻбˣȻôɣڿƺҲû취ˣ
ְ֣ǸСӴ˰Ǹ˵ģٵҵľ񣡡
ʱϴľָŸ
⻹һδƽһ𰡣ڳ˿Ѿǽѵ˱ϴľΪˣȻ׼һµʱֻⱾҲͻȻǴһ˽δ˾Ȼʮ֮࣬⵱ҲǱһơ
ʱ򣬱˵ǻˣҳˣϾ˭֪ⱾҲɲĶ嶯֪һȫһıļһҪǵĻô˭ǻԲ˶ߵģ
ԵʱкǱļΪ
ⱾҲŵĵڳˣΨȴŲҹͺܾˣǿⱾҲѾһ鰸ϵˡ
رǸԴӸղǸȻҲ˼ʵ˵ҪΪôͨΧ۵ĻðҹҲ˶ɺʣ
ԣ¿϶ǲġ
뵽ʱ򣬸оȻЩʧҲĿ⣬Ǹӵν
ʲôˣΪʲôҪ۸ҵĶӺ£
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۸
һ⻰±ЦȻҲι˵⻰֮ǰ鷳˽һ֪ܵĶҪᱡҵãȻҵһųֹ˺ڳ˶ǿ֤ģҪǲŵĻһʺˣรˣǸˣϵ˿ɲҴģλֻʮСôģ´ҵ˵˵ˣǧôˣҪһСİ˴ô죿˵԰ɣ
˵ţһЦҲ˹ȥ


609 
˸ĻڳȻҲޱȵĳ죬ͬʱȴҲǲɵΪ˰Ѻ˭Ҳû뵽űҲʱ򣬾Ȼǻ˵Ļ
һĻҲ϶ǲŹˣ𰡣ϾǱ֮ǰ屶࣬νͻܲסȺǣǼЩձ˵Ķ֣
Ȼ˸Ļ֮󣬱ҲɫǱĺѿǺݺݵĵһһԵıϴľ
Ȼ֮ǰͲֹһθϴľҪڻˣǺԣɽľûаĻһ£һĺ֣
ϴľǼΪɫģ㱾ҲҲ֪ģΪֻһӵĹϵҲڱϴľһֱǼΪݵģټԼݣⱾϴľȻҲԽӵ޷
ҲΪҲڱϴľ߰˲ٵıڣǱϴľİȫͬʱҲҪֹϴľ˭뵽ǧʼջûܷס
ҺʣξҲǵһ˲õˣӶԷԼϱ㿴ĳˣ
ҲǲɵñҲЩ˵ʲôأ
ţ»ǷӦ˹ȻݣǱ㣬ԻĸҪһЩôǰԼĶӳ˳ⲻڴԼô̵ס
ţ±׼ˣǺʱԱߵһ˺ĵĴյĶߣȻ˵Щʲô
һ⻰ҲǺ¶һ˿Ц⣬ţſ˵˵ĺ񲻶԰ɣҪ͵ҶӵǮҶӷӦ֮ҪץǱһøˣҵ˶ˣҪǲŵĻǿԵʱļеҲˣô
˵⻰ʱ򣬱ҲʼһŵЦݡ
ȻԼĻԺ׵Ľ⼸ץסǽ뵽Ͼǻĵĵ̣Ƕ̫ĻǻʲôõӰ죬Լ򵥵ĽµĻôֺô鷳أ
Ȼһ⻰ǵǱϴľЩҲЩˣʵ˵֮ǰ֪⵽ô£Ҳ֪굽ʲôΪʲôſϴľģֻǿ걻۸ˣȻҲûüһֱӳˡ
ʱ˱ҲĻǷӦ˹ϸһ룬е±Ǻ˾䡰Բۣ
Ϊʱ򣬸Ѿ׹ˣҲ˵¶ˣΪ£ǾԲܻ῿ϴľ˵ģұϴľϵķʵҲһڻһװãֻҪûвϴľĻǾǾԲģ
Ҳ˵֮ǰ϶жԱϴľһЩʲô飬Ǵ˱ϴľϵľ
飬Ϊȷе֤ݵĻҲ϶Ҳǲ˵ģȻҪأ֤ˣ
㵽Ǹʲô¶Ȼú͵
ʱֱЩµ˽ѵľ磬֮ǰȨһֱԼеģ£ȨܵԷȥˣ
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ϺãҰ׽𺺳ıӳìͻȻأֻΪ˸ߴһΪ֮ǰҳһССĲԵǽеļϵͳʧˣһ´ңϣעⰲȫҲ̫ڵˣΪѾھ޸ˣԤһСʱұԻָˣףԸ죬лл
һ˵ЩìǸæת뿪ˣֻ¥һ±ƵıҲˡ
ì˵ĻҲȻǲˣΪʲô粻ģȻƫƫԼҪ鿴ʱˣ
ԣ϶ƭˣļһȻˣ
һʱ䣬Ҳ±ǷӦˣˣȴҲЩ޿κΪҪ֪Ұ׽𺺳ϰҲһˣԼ׵ģҸղŷ飬ԲһССıӳĳģ϶ǵõ˷Ըģ
ɶĻˣ˸³
зߺޣҲ±ǵһ䡣
ȻʱȴѾֿ˻ΪҲǿˣҰ׽𺺳ϰУһֱڰ


610 ⳥
ղһֱֻǹŻٵϴľϵķ񣬸Ҳûʲô˼ȥʲô飬ʱϸһ룬±˹
һ˵µĻп϶ǻֹģϾĵ̣ɵ˺֣Լһ˸ղֳôĶȴֹô¿ɾЩ˵ȥˡ
Ψһܽģ϶пΪ֮ˡ
ղìĳ֣֤˸ûϾǼ粻ģȻƫƫʱˣ˵п϶ڰаԼģ
ȷʵǲҲȻҲˣ
ţЦҲǱĴ
ۼˣһԵıҲȴԽЩŭȻֵιСӣ̫ˣûô׽ģ
һ⻰±Цôģѵȥʲô𣿡
⻰ҲһŭסˣȻָŵϵЩܾͰҹ˵ıڻбϴľ˵ղŵͲ˵ˣȷʵǴҵˣ޷Ʊɣָô
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ܺãҲǵ˵ͷȻִֵ˶ҶûʲôôҲΪ㣬ֻҪ⳥һЩǮƾͿˣҲҪǧͿˣô
Ҳ˵ţһ˹
϶ζòǧģֻҪòôɾнڳֽѵˣһرҲ޻˵ģ
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⻰һڣǵǱҲסˣڳ˶סˣҪ֪ǿǧ򰡣õóģ
ҾóҲܸϾ˭ǿˣⱾҲթǼȻûôҲҪǧɣ
ĵȻҲ׵ģʵûҪҲһǮ뷨֮Ի˵ֻΪŪһ±Ҳѣ
ۿŶԷƺЩţҲԥֱӱǽп˳ȻſһǧֽҪǲŵĻ֤֮ȻҲǻģǧҾʵе̫ˣһǧ򻹲࣡ҲûʲôҪֻҪõöſôЩǮˣ
˵⻰±ʳָĴָסſȻǰ˹ȥ
һ£ڳǷһ󾪺
һǧ಻ࣿʵ࣬ڳҲвڵϰ壬ǵʽ϶ҲǳҪһóôǮȴǲܵˣϾ۵ĶٺܲóôǮɾȫˣ
ƽʱѸʮϰģ۲ˣ¸Ȼ׼һǧˣⲢԼʲô¶ٵ˵»ǿ۲ѡ
Ͼһǧ򰡣
ȻҲвٵ˲ŸĻֻΪڴţѣϾ˭Ҳʶô׵أ
ˣʱҲȴ˸ĻΪʵ̫֤ˣԷȫûбҪ˵ѡ
˭ó϶һˣϾ˻⳥ٶӼ۵ģⲻɵ
ʣԷ϶ıĳЩΪ֪ˣټ϶Էֻƾ˾׵ĸɵԼµʮڣҲԽӾʵ̫Ծˣ
ţ±Щԥ
ȻһĻȻҲǱˣ±ЦôţǮǵҪҪ°ҪĻôҿɾҪջȥ˰ֻҪǱھͳɣ
ȻҲӲȱǮһ뵽Զſһǧʱ»ЩĶϾǮⶫ˭ֻӶأټϴʱ˿̶ԷǴĿ֮µģҲǲЩʲôֽŵģһ˵ʲôֽţԼôˣ
ţҲڻö⡣
ţ±Ƕߵһ˵ȥſù
⻰ҲûԥűҲ˵ͷ֮󣬾ֱ˹
ۼˣһЦȻ˲Ǵ߶ڵԪڵԪƵԼ֮ϣпڵԪסˣ
Ȼһ˿һ쳣ʵϣֺпѾǼʯˣ


611 ڳ˵
գۼĹǸ˱Ѿ˸ǰ
˸ǷȻװЩĶǺ˵ˣ㶯ְɣֻҪõöпôһǧͶǵˣҪòĻǻĹȥɣ
⻰ڳкԽЩɻΪʵǲ׸Ϊʲô˵ĻǿһССпʲôòģ˵һˣһճӤҲҪʲô
˺ĻߵʱҲЩССĿƬʼնôĹ죡
ţǻͷһ۱Ҳۼˣ±ǵ˵ͷʾϽ֡
£һ˿ԥֱӱָпץ˹ȥ
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ԶĿһĻڳ˲ǴΪ˭Ҳ벻⵽ô£ֻһССпѣԷȻòȷе˵Էûкпһ˿һ˶пʼջǱ֮ǰģָ⣬ûһ˿һĲ
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⻰ǺҲûôԥֻһӵĿ˸һۣȻ뿪ˡ
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ұ죡Ҳŭ֪֪˶鷳ҪΪҶӵĻɱˣ̻ؼңҪ·ٸҵĻҶȣ
ϴľʱҲôƢʱɫǱЩűΨΨŵŵӴҡ֪ˣ
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ͻȻ䣬һ󲻺ʱ˵


612 е
ȻʱҲȴѾǲ׼ȥˣֱӱ˸ĴڣȻһֱԶһ˽ȥ֮ǰܾҹҪԼ˺ҲǸæȥЩܶĻѾιȥģǱ˸Ŵˡ
ۼˣȻҲǲ˵ЩʲôˣţȴЦȻİҹ˵ҹҪˣ
ҹһ⻰±˸˼Ȼʦʲôʱ֣
Ӧÿ˰ɣ飬֮ǰļƻҲֻȡˣȥμʲôѾûκεˣֻˣ
ˣڸôأҪ뿪𣿡
ʱһԵĺܾǿʵɫȴЩʱʱΧ˹ȥ
ЩĿ˺ܾһۣ´һҲ΢΢һֻʱ˿̣֮ǰΧΧЩǾȻһӿ˸Χסˡ
ѣɵúã㣡
䣬һ˱ǳŸ˴Ĵָ
УһûԱҲģǵһֵܣҷ㣡
һһĿŸ˵
ûûЩձһҫģɵΪǳ˿ƾ㣬һ˿ԱȵģֵܣӢ۰


һ֮ʱʱĴ˸ĶУȻⲢûøܵҫУЩżΪʱʵûʲôЩ佱ԼĻˣ
ֻȥǣҲ֪ٵ֮͹ûлָ
ʱԶȺȴмɫװ˼˽ֻһۣʱǰһΪΪ׵ǸʶǸ֮ǰ˼˵ıӳì
Ÿ΢΢һЦì±Ÿ˹ȻŸ˵Ҽϰȥһˣ˵Ҫдһ£㿴
·ɣ
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֮ԴӦôˬ죬һΪ֮ǰλˣҪҪһģû뵽ԷȻˣȻǲܾˣȻΪ˰µ龰ˡ
ԼҪȥĻҪһģҪìæĻȻҲʲôˡ
ˣܾ
ۿŸӦôˬ죬ì±һЦȻֶŸ˸ƣţ±Ϊǿ·Ȼһ˽һ档
Źϵһ̣˿ţ뵽ʲôȻæһԵì˵ˣмڻңЩĲǣܲ˱һǣ
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һʱìͣȻŵϰ壬Ұ˴ˣ
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ҹһ⻰һӱը˿Ҫ֪Ƕľ̫ӣǶ֮УûʲôطȥģͥҲȥεģû뵽ȴССİſڱô̵ȥ
ţҹ±һŭغҸ㣬ҡ
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ţһ˿ԥֱӱǿ˽ȥȻһ
һ㷢һܴİᣬҲõļΪݻһ֪ȷʵ˺ܶ˼ģ˼ȴǲ棬ڲԶŵŮϡ
ʣŮȻˣ


613 ˵ͨ
֮ǰԾ̽ݵʱ򣬸ûȥеͣΪһŮˣҲʮˣʱϸһƣȴǷԼˣ
пҲʮѣֻһѣһ뵽ǰŮ˾ñҲ˼ɵʱ±һַ˼ĸо
ţ»ǷӦ˹Ȼֱ˹ȥ
ɣ
ߵеߣûȸһҽܵʱȴȿˡ
һŮˣһŮ˵ƫһЩģȴǱȽԣȴΪ˼ֱɫʣȻҲƵһŮˣһɢŮŮˣ֮ǰǴδġ
ţҲûô漴ж
֮󣬸ȴеĿǶŴ⣬ҲЩҲ˹ȥ
ĵطԼ֮ǰڵĵطʱЦ˵⻹Щˣղŷ飬ȻǱп
㵽ʲôˣ
ʱǿ
΢΢һЦȻŽĿӴ˻漴㿪˵ǲ˼ҽˣҽиƽ
ԻʡƽУʮ꣬ҪĿΪ˲μӱҲٰĴᣬ˵Ķ𣿡
˵һ룬кǽӿ˵
⻰һ㶣ŵǷӦ˹ԼȻѾ˶ԷĵϣôԷҪ֪ԼݻǷַӾͿԵģ
ţ漴ЦѾǶҺ˽һĻҵʡҽˣ
ԣ⻰е±ҡҡͷҪ֪ģϵݣΪЩϢҼ׾ٵľͻȡҶԣЩϢȴǺ޼ֵģҪ֪ݣ
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⻰ʱ򣬸Ҳûʲô̫ķӦΪҲǿˣоһܾŮˣ飬ȻҲõˡ
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⻰ʱекһ˿ɫҲֻһ˲Ĺˣɫ˲ʧˡ
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⻰±ǿЦȻеô˰죬ԭΪ˸а


614 صĶ
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εҡҡͷſеδҲ̫͹ҵʵ˰ɣʵ˵ȻѾô£Ҳ뿪ģ
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ͻȻЦҾȻЦЩղסˣеҲЩüͷѵ˵ĻܺЦ𣿡
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Ȼ֪⵽ô£Ǻʣ϶һбµˣˣҪȥɱһ˵Ļ練Ƶ飬Ȼ˵ĻΪʲôҪô鷳أ
еĻǿһ£Ȼſʵ֪Ҳʵʲô֪Ҳߵ֧صĶʲô𣿡
ڱҲʵݣ֮ǰҲͼҪΪʵǲףΪʲôһձˣ߻һ֧صĶ飿


615 һ
ǱҲձˣҪĻȻҲֻܴձǱ߿ʼˣϧȻڻŲٿԶõձǱߣȴЩˣټϸտʼʱһЩ谭Ҳֻǲ֮ˣ
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˵Щ飬˵ޱȵ棬˲ǹĺģǸæʵôĵĿʲôأ
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⻰˼ĵ˵ͷţ΢΢һȻкЩŹΪͻȻ뵽òеֱ̫˰ɣȻǶԼû˿òôе˵ͨİɣ
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˵ûͷֻҪĸɵҲĻôȷʵǲҪİָҾͿɱǾҸղ˵ҲĻ˵Ķɱسᵹգձǲһձ︺һһʲôأҪģһݵĽ£ҪҪİ
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˼һ֮ǿ˵˵飬ҿ԰æķҲܸ㣡о׼ôñҲأϾô˵ĻôɾǲܶԱҲˣ
ҪҲ͹سȫϳģ˵ȻҲһˣϾҲĴڣе˵һֱһвлвĻôȻҲǻᶦˡ
Ѿȫɵ˱Ҳߵ֧ض飬ıɽҲΨһıֻձʹǱߵĹϵˣֻҪձʹݲ֣ôҲĹسο϶Ҫ군ˣ
˵ˣҲձˣŸЩ֤ݣûصģԵĻǲعһڵϣôҲ϶Ҳǻܵ˹עģһĻ˭޷ԱҲˡ
飬ȻҲ׵ģȴûһĵģΪ飬ѾˣⱾҲҲزȥձģϴľ³ֻԶıһʣֱľͷ
ȻЩȻǲܸˣ˸ֻ΢΢һЦȻ˵İɣҲͽˣұ֤Ҳǳʲô鷳Ҳصձڶ飬ʣµֲ
⻰ЩͿʵҲôϵĵֻܲܽҲ͹سϳģڱҲǻǾҪıˡ
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616 ͷ
ӻٵϴľĽڣѾһСʱˣҪΪسҪ϶ȥˣò׺е飬ȻЩˡ
һԵì⻰Ҳûôԥ±ǶŸ˸ƣȻǰ·
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Ϊмĳì˵ͷȻŸæƿ˽ȥȻһ򿪵ʱ򣬺Ȼ㷢ľǺͷƵˡ
ʱ˿̣ȴ˫Ŀյ˴ϣҲһ˹ߣˣǻվһԣۿŸ˽˵Ŀ⵱±˹
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ʱһֱڸߵİҹɫȴǱЩŹʵ˵ڴϵĺ͹ôģһΪʶǣΪѾΣˣںģȻֻһѾһСŮ
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Ȼ˿̣ѾЩﻹʲô˼شҹ⣬Ҳֻǻعͷȥ˰ҹһۡ
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ǣԴӽ֮󣬸Ŀʼնֻں͹ǻҲûԼһۣҲΪ
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617 Ҫ뿪
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⻰±һ㶣Ÿ˹ȥ漴ģȴһȻһֱ
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ʱ˿̣Ļô϶ǻģǡûУһ˿ϣҲˡ
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ĶȻЩ⵽ô£ҹǵ˵ͷȻһֽӹеĶһ˵ʦİɣֻҪҰ͵Ҿͻ̻ģ
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ŰҹȥӰҲ΢΢̾˿ʵ˵ȥеҲޱȵĸӣ˵֮ǰȷʵǺźܶᣬͨЩദЩѾɢˣЩĸо
ǡ˼ʼղôĵطͥĹһλ֮Ůֻͥ
Ͱҹ뿪֮󣬸ǸæƻкǸ˳ȥ͹ͻȻֵʱ򣬳䵱˾ɫϸ󡵱±Ǳ𾪵ˡ
𾪹𾪣ڵõ˸ķԸ֮ϸ󡵱ĵĴ˰ƱţŴ뿪ˡ
Զϫʵôǽʲô¶Ҫ𣿡
ЦЦȻˣҲҪʲôȻܲμӣǸӵϻǿԵ
˵⻰±Ц߽˰׽𺺳ۼˣϫҲֻøȥ
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֮󣬸±Աߵһʵ
ƺǵеķԸЩ˿̶ڸǼΪۿ⻰һ±Ƕû˵Ϊ·
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ôˣʲô¶𣿡
ۿŸȻԼìԶıӭ̬ȱ֮ǰΪ˼֣ȻΪ֮ǰѾѹڸȫˡ
ڸìԽӵˣ


618 һ
ìӡǲģȻ֮ǰǵõеķԸģⲢӰĺøУۿìȻǳƺԼΪҾȻǼƣ±Ц
ìҿҲҴ˼ɣҪĳƺңҾȻˡƺҪĻôҲҪΪˣˣֱӾͺҵְɣңһе㲻ϰߣ
ЦŶì˵
⻰ìҲЦȻϵҲһӱ࣬Ȼô˵ˣôҲͲˣԺֱӺˣ
ֳһŵŵͷŶҶɶˣ
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֮ǰнйڸ飬ìŸԲһһˣټ˴ǰеĿģȷȷʵʲôҪʵģ˵ˣԼҲǺ͸ѣҪĻôҲֲԼɣ
ȻľٶȻ֤ȷʵǶԵģ
ֻ±ǵ˵ͷ˵û治Ϊ죬󣡡

⻰ìһ㶣Ϊʵ벻ͨʲô»ҪԼı˵Ӧû첻ŶԣҾУô첻Լһͨôõأ
ţìҲǲóȻӦΪӦ򵥣Ҫ֮ĻôǶˣ漴ֻǵ˵ͷ˵ɣֻҪ飬һȫԸ
ЦЦ˵ģҲҪȥʲô飬ֻǵ̽һЩϢѣ
ϢʲôϢ
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ӣһζ˵ڱҲٰδᣬӦҲ֪һЩɣ
ûì˵ͷ˵εĴǱҲٰģϾǵĵϾٰģԡȵȣò롭
˵ʱìȻһȻģˣ˾ҪɵҲģȻ»Ǹɵʱ򣬵Ƕ黹ǿԵ
ƻⳡᣬõ
ţìȻЩ˷漴ǶŸ˵Уİɣ¶һģ¶Ҳһݺˣ
ۿԼһĻû˵ìȻȫԲˣһҲҪһݣ±ЩЦţ˵ˣȻǱµˣôҲͲˣûξ׼ԱҲٰⳡֵģ
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ì˵εͷȻһشʮĹͷʱ򣬸˲Ҳ˼ȤΪҪ֪⹷ͷǼѵõĶǿģỹôһˣֱͿԳƵϡ䱦ˣⱾҲҲȷʵһģ
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Ҫ֪αҲٰĿɲʲôһᣬǴᣬȻǴᣬôõʽ϶Ҳǻҵˣһ鹷ͷѾøھεˣû뵽ìһȻȫٵЩ
飬ȻǲܻӦˣ
ţ±ǿڵì˵ǿ鹷ͷǿˣڻٵĶ˰ɣϾʽǻҵģȻǶ᱾Ҳ¶Ҳ̫ˣ
⻰ìЩĶס˸ĸ˲һĪ
ô㲻֪𣿡
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û뵽ìһ⻰ЦȻȻǲ֪İֲķӦˣ
㵽˵ʲôôԽԽͿˣϽϸ˵˵ɣ
ֿڵ
ۿìҲͻȻ뵽ˣεĴƺûԼеô򵥣


619 ëԼ
ţìҲٶŸˣǽеĻ˵˳ȵìĻ֮󣬵±Ǳ𾪵ˣ
֮ǰΪⱾҲȻɶ񣬵ǼȻϾٰĴᣬ˵ı湦Ĳģì˵Ļ֮󣬸ʶȫԼˣⱾҲڶĻȥˣ
ⳡνĴᣬĿĸͲΪʲôҵõʽҲǻ뱾ҲĿڴȻ飬ҲȻҲǲˣì˵ЩνĴʽ𣬻ᾭҲȫתձĳνĴ֮֯ЩǮȥֱʲô;ôҲֻбҲ֪ˣ
⻹ǿӵҪ֪֮ǰΪõʽӦΪ˱صĴҵģҲֻ߱Ҳǿ鹷ͷˣ˭֪оȻè壬¸οǲˣ
ţ±ǿì˵УͰ˵ģǵȻᶯֵʱֻҪֵǮĶȫߣûõĶֱӻٵɣȻҲô㣬ôҲ̫ܶ˲ǣ
⻰ìǶŸ˵ͷһϧĸоţЩΪѵ˵֪ⱾҲ涫ıտɺܶ˿صģЩְ
ҡҡͷ㲻õģֻҪұҲıտͺˣ飬ɣ
Ȼ֪ʲô취飬ìȴŸ϶а취ģţ˵֮ǰҲʱдһΧıҸҶ϶Ҳ϶ǰװжıտ֮ˣֻҪôĶȻǵˣ
һŶ֮ᣬʱõĶƷƷһ㶼ڱտģȴ׳ɹ֮ٽȻҲ֪ġ
˼ĵ˵ͷ뵽ʲôȻǲĿìʵìȻⱾҲʮֵĿɶ񣬵ĶϾǼķģҪô˵ĻҪ鷳ô죿
׽𺺳еĵ̣һκε飬˵һʱ䶼ǻ뵽еģ˵ìӦҲ׵İΪʲôҪأѵͲ
ţΪì˹ȥ
⻰ì±ǰ˰˵㲻֪˵ҲĶҲӦǸ𿴹ܵģǱҲͲǣ֮󣬾͸˵ǵҪܣȻרһֿ֮ǰұлЩˬڡҵЩˣҪǱҲʱɵĻôҲǲð˰
ԭˣ
ìĻǱûȻֲʱѾˣٲֵĻеˣ±Ƕì˵ˣ²˳٣¾׼жɣֻҪǴìÿĲֿȥͿˣ飬ͽˣ
ìҲ˵ͷ֮׼ŸȥˣǺʱһԵİϫȴͻȻˡ
ֻҲʶģû׼ؿЩҲʶģڻǸҲ潻ֵʱȥĻ̫ˣ¾ͽҴɣҲЩҲʶңȥĻòˣ
ۿŰϫȻëԼҪ±΢΢һ㶣ţһԵìҲסˣΪ֮ǰΪֻǸСܶѣҲûôעʱϸһŷ鲢ģӸϾͿóˣ
ԥһ֮󣬸ŶŰϫ˵ȷ𣿡
ϫ⻰Ȼ˵ˣҿ϶ǴҪˣİɣ¾ͽҺˣֻҪҰѿ֮󿪵ȥͿˣ
⻰ȻҲǲ˵ЩʲôˣѵðϫԸ֣ԼȻҲֵˣϸ룬ϫ˵ĻҲûȻѾǸҲ˺ƤվǸ潻ֵʱҪı¶ԼݵĻôҲǻɺܴӰģ
ţҲ͵ͷӦ
ۼˣһԵìæ˵İɣҵȻϾȥŽӦˣ㵽ֻ֮ҪŽӦ߾Ϳˣ˵Ȼſڵ㣡
ܺãǾɣڸǱ
ϫһȻĿì˵


620 ֮
ϫߺì±Ȳʵλѵʲô˰ܰ쵽𣿡
Цſìİɣ˵ǾûκģЩձζĶ֣ҡ
˵һ룬һסˣɫҲǱΪ뵽ʲôʮصһ㡣
ìĺ棬±ʵôˣ
Ӧ֮󣬸±ΪеĿììҲǼֿ⣬ǲҲǰװͷģ
ûì˵ͷǼֿ棬ȷʵǰװͷģ
˵ìʱҲûȻǿ˵һΪʲô¶أԭ°İɣȻֿҲˣȴҵƿ֮µģ¶֮ⲻκ֪ģ
û룬˵⻰ʱ򣬸ȴҡҡͷˣָĲ£ǡˣ㻹ǸϽȥҰɣǼֿͷҪϹرգȻɾ鷳ˣ
ҪԸЩձˣϫڵʵȫǴ´ˣⲻһһЩİϫֻɹߵģ
ҪĻǿˣ
ҪǱЩձ˿˵ûʲôɵĵģη壬ҪǱЩ˵ĻôЩôˣû׼ɺܴ鷳Ͼϫһӣɲһ˿ģ
Ψһİ취ҲֻǹرǼֿڵͷˣ
⻰Ȼ׸Ϊʲô˵ì»ǵͷӦȻŸȥˣ
˼֮ì֣˵ע⣬Ȼǿڵˣȳȥһ°ɣҪɣ
ìеĵɽ׽𺺳ıӳ˵ĻȻ˸ҷˣ£ļ½½˳ȥûһ򣬱һˡ
ֳһŵ̨ǰ±ǿǰһĻʵҲǼֿ
Σ
ì˵ţһʾϵָ˹ȥ
һĹɫȴǱüΪѿͺǿʲôΪµĶһ㣬ìģе±һҲǸæ˳ָķ˹ȥ
Ȼֻʱ˿̣ǿϵģѾ˹ߵİϫ˭
ˣ׻һ
һ˲Ĺ򣬸̾һ䣬Ҳ߶ʮһģֱӱ㽫еͷصˣʵֻǴصҲǼֿͷۿìѾǷ飬һʱҲ͹˲ʲôˣ
һ֮󣬸˿
Ļرյһ̣ìǻűһ˼ĶԸ˵㿴𣿡
װɻʵʲô
ͷìЩ״ε˵һһͷŻ˵ͷôû𣿶ҡȻǻģģ⵽ô°
˵⻰ìЩץ
ۼˣҲЩ׼ȰìʱìӺ͵һȻһֵĿԲԣôôɵ飿ΪʲôҪؼؾͻᷢ飿ⲻԡѵѵͷǸղǸѣ
Բۣ
ì˵⻰±Щˣ˵һδҲЩ̫˰ɣȻһӾ飬ԼҪŪǲˣ
ţìΪе
ǲǣ㵹˵
ۼˣ֪϶סˣε̾˿ųì˵ͷµûȷʵҵλѣ
˵Ż±ֽش˿ţĻ϶ʱǳ˰ϫӰֻʱ˿̣ĻĵϵձˣȻͼЩǿԿЩձ˶ţȻϫ»֪صģ
ƺǲԼѾǽеձˣϫϵĻ˲Ϩǻָ֮ǰģ
ʱìѾЩɵˣôҲ벻ף⵽ô£Ϊʲôһ˻ͻȻһȼŵͷأ⡭ʵ̫Խ˰ɣ
ۿżϵİϫѾ˿Ҳìˣһֽعرһ߶ì˵ˣҵȻٸͰɣڿѾǵˣǻǸϽȰѿŵȫĵطȥɣ

Ȼ⻰ʱìȴû˿ķӦǴվһԣҲ֪Щʲô
ҪһµĻǲìһʱ䷴Ӧȴʵڲʱ򣬵ֻǴߴٵìˣϽжɣȻɾˣ
⻰ìӺһȻһ֪Ŀʲôʲô˵ʲô
һ˵˵ǸжˣȻˣ
ŶŶŶжж
⻰ìǸæӦ˹ȻϻʮֵѿȴѾǽ˸ղǸˡ
Ĩһϵĺ֮ì±ǶԸ˵У߰ɣ
˵⻰ì±ǴŸ˳ȥ
֮ìǽڴĶԽ˳Ȼ˵ſڵıţȻһ󿨳濪ǼǵãһҪװأǲҪƴֻҪϷͿˣҪǣһҪ֤ȫʻȥҪϣҿһ£³֮ٲ˴ҵĺô
ì֮ԻôԸȻֻΪϷˣȻҲԼ˿ģԼҪǲʲôĻʵҲЩ˵ȥìһӣʱ򼴱ǱҲˣҲηˡ
ȻìΪʲôôԸìĻȴû˸Ҳģڼìǳŵ˻кôЩȻҲڴӦ
ìǴŸͣһ֮˱ſڵķȥˡ
Ӧ¶ʵǲҪìȥģǾ˸ղŵ֮ìڰϫݿԽӵЩȲҪ֪࣬Ҳֱˣ
ӸտſڣԶĵطһĿĵƹ⣬ͷһì˵ˣ
ì˵ͷ漴ǶŶԽԸһ䣬ֻſԱߵıңһͻȻ˿Ȼ߰˸±ӿ˳ʼͼ赲
˭ĳЩһﶼֻϷѵģʻǰʱ˶ʱɢ˿ſʻ˳
ûãһһСԶʻ˹ȥ
鵽һҲԲɹˣҲǱĺ࣬һڿìȴǽŵĲУ϶ðһϸܵĺ飡
ìķӦǲɵЩҪһ˵Ļ˰ϫ֮ǰģ϶Ը⿿ˣìأǵû˿ԸµĴ·øЩĿ࿴ˣ
ֹ˺һӺʻһС·ܱǱЩտһӰҲǿˣۿƺʱˣǿìʵìҿԻشˣʲôҪҵ𣿡
ìһ⻰ɫǱΪƬ֮һӵʵղšҲΰɣ
ȻˣЦղһУģ
ôأΪʲôΪʲô˻ͻȻǸӣ⡭̫˼ˣ
ìЩŵ˵
ìϫʵĿȫ֮飬¼ҲûʲôôˣΨһҪģҪìӦܣ
뻹ЩѶȵģϾìеĸҪУ⻹һ׵¶¸ôì͸ղŷ飬Ҳһͷ۵飬Ͼغϫݿǲĸ˵ġ
ţ˼ǿٵתɲǼ䣬Ǳ뵽һ취ţֻҪì˵ĻǲٶҲκ͸¶ˣ
ţһĿì˵˵Ķԣȷʵǲ飬ģѾܻˣ

⻰ìѾǰ׼ȴǱŵòᣬΪ˵⻰˼Լ֮ǰǸ˲ġˡ
ģ⵽ô°
һʱ䣬ìһӵ˹
ۿìƺѾԼĻ˿ֶì˵ʵɣֽаϫ˾֪ɣǸ𹴻Ĺͱһ˼ⷲǲӦҪֵģⱾҲʵЩ̫ɶˣ̲סҪ֣ҲȤǾһˣ˰ɣ
һ⻰ìǳһ亹ȻѾ֪˰ϫ࣬ìȴҲûҰ˾ϵҪǣ֮ǰʵǲŹ֮˵ģۿǱ׵ĵ߸ˣ


621 Ŀ
һĹìһ𾪵ĿȻĻô˭ѵҲ𣿡
ҿ
һ⻰ʱ̲סһ䣬ȻѾ֪ìķӦһ˿ԱģҲ̫˰ɣ
֮󣬲Ӧü׷ʰϫԼ𣿿ìһȴƫƫ·ƣȻһְѻԼϣ
˹Ȼ鷳ģ
ţ̾˿Ŷì˵ᣬҿɸһµʵһǻˣҪ˵ͬĻҲе㲻ͬΪһߣ
ߣ
ìһ⻰ϵΪݣȻߵݸ׽һ㣬Ͼ˵ײ࣬ȴʵʵڵĻˣ
֪ǰĸǵһ࣬һһλͥأ
ò˵֮ǰԼһߵʱ򣬸ܻЩĽţǵڣ˵仰ʱȴޱȵĵȻΪּе˶ԼݣôΪʲôҪأ
ұߣȻݲǸԽܵİɣ֮ǰҲǸìԤˣ¶ԼݣìҲûʲô̫ķӦ
ì͸Ӿ󿨳ʱȴЩűЩŵʵղǸֻ俴ģ˵λӦǲҵİɣ
ìһŵģе±ȴȫһģˡ
ֻһ֣صĿì˵¿Щ˵ˣϾݿҪȱܵģҲܱ˿ģҼǵ֮ǰһ˲СĿģ֪Ǹô𣿡
˵ţһɷµì˹ȥ
ϵǱЩ֣ìҲŵĲᣬæһСĵʵôˣ
ôôݲܱ֪˾һֱɣκ˶޷Υһķ˵ĻôǸķ˿Ҫùˣ
ȻᣬҲĹأڷʱζɱ˵ģֻҪδôҲǲҹǵģȻɱˣȴķ˳׵ıֳĬһְ취ǹе꣬һʧȥ꣬ôͻ᳹׵ıһɵӣֻҪһɵӣô˵ĳĻȻҲûˣ
ڶְ취ǿɾͲ̶ˣǽ˵˫ĿϹ˫ٸͷȻȥǺÿ
˵⻰ì˹ȥȴì϶ǱȻµ
ǺЩ˼ţ뵽ҪǲìĻסˣǱ֪Լݣôɾе̫鷳ˣ
ţкǵ
ǽţڿìһɲͻķӦ±ǰѸһŻûȸӦʱìֽһߵĳŴ˿Ȼ׼ȥ
Ȼ֪ìҪȥʲô飬лǲɵһţæһסììҪȥʲô
ôһìűͷ󺹵ĿŸʲôҵøϽȥһ£ղŵҲ⿴ģϣܿҰǵķϷŹң
˵⻰ì׼ȥˣȴԻûз֣
һ˲Ĺ򣬸ӺҲǿٵת˿Լ֮ǰе뷨Լì֮󣬾ҪìӦԶܽ¸κˣì֮ǰµģԺҲǲҶκģ
֮ǰ飬ֻԼղԴһӦ취ѣ飬ϫҲǺ֪ģҪìôһȥĻǲ¶
㣬ﻹìȥҰϫأ
ǼȻҰϫôȻҲǵһɰϾìһܴļһҪŪĻɲһ׵¶
ˣ
ʯ䣬뵽һİ취
ìٴЩżĻعͷʱ򣬸±ǺȵҪȥ𣿿ˣ黹ûһأ
⻰ìһ㶣ɫһϲȻôѵа취ң
Ҳ˵ֻǿ˿ìĳţì˲⣬æֽŸһеĿҾ֪϶а취ģһҿɲɵӣҲһˣɱˣ
İɣΪ˰ҲģҲεģζֵģҡ»ûһأ
⻰ì˿һãĿ⻰ʲô˼
ɵװĿìȻղȷʵǼģˣղǼҿֻҶ˵ģֱҲ֪ѣκ˶Ǻ֪ģҲǣֻҪ㲻˵Ҳ˵»˭֪
һ⻰ìǱûȻź뵽Լղŵľٶɵųһ亹
Ͼϫ֮ǰӦǲ֪ԼѾ֪ʵݣղҪûиĻû׼ԼԼȥˣ
ⲻԼ
ţìǰľ
һĹ뵽ʲôȻæһĿȻ㶼ô˵ˣôֵҿɾͰˣζҪұܣҵȫˣ
⻰ʱ򣬸е±Ϊ֪ԼĿǴﵽˣ
ţìļ˵İɣ¾Ͱˣ¶ұҲûðǱ߲Ҫģ
ìһ⻰±Ǹæͷ֪ͷһİɣҿ϶ڶȻֱӴײģҪǰ˵ȥĻҲú
˵ŻìǾ֣ƺҪˣ
ۼˣæǰ˰ֵˣľͲˣ¹غ϶õģһǵöһ˾ڵģǧҪͼκεķʽȻңҲȲˣ
İɣìһ֣صĵ˵ͷһģ
ˣ
ʱһ΢ȴͻȻ˻ͷһȻ㷢ְϫѾ֪ʱĳ˳⣬һɵĴǡ
һϫìһӱýȻһиԼܽţһղŵ飬ܲأ
ìͻȻЩìһһ̲ס˵ʲôõĻôԼղŵһŬҪ׷ˣ
ţæǶìʹ˸ɫʾҪţǽҡ
ôˣôˣ
Űϫʵ
ôˣУ⻰ӦǲŶ԰ɣôͻȻͣˣ
ϫΪ˵
ŶʵҲûʲôǸղšղһССĹ϶ѣѾûˣϼ·
˵⻰ʱ򣬸Ǹϫʹ˼ɫʾҪʣϽȥ·
°ϫЩĪۿˣȻҲǲ˵ЩʲôˣĿڸìɨһ֮ת뿪ˡ
ȵϫ׵Զ˵ʱìǸæһȻһŵĿôղûʲôɣ
һ⻰Ц˵ϫôҲǻһٶļһˣôܻ˵أҪΪԼʹɫĻһ仰˵߿ģ
Ȼ⻰Ȼǲܶì˵ˣ˸ֻЦİɣûʲôģȻֻҪ֮ǰͺˣڻǸϽɣȻɾĻʲôˣ
⻰ìæһ֣صĵ˵ͷ漴Ƿ
ţһһСǿʼʻ
ҲȻźܴǱȴЩС׼ˣϾҲô˵Ҳֻһˣе˽ҲǼΪ޵ģпɾͲһˣе£ˣǶе˽⣬ȻǱҲЩ޷ˣ
ì·ʱߵľһЩ˼С·ҴǶûаװصģټеθӵĹϵ㱾ҲҵǣҲûϺüĹˣʱһѾǳ䶨ˣ
ǰнһŵ¹⣬Ƿǰ治ԶĵطƺһΪ޴Ĳֿ⡣
˵ȻǴеĿĵˣ


622 տ
ȻŻûȸѯʵʱһԵìǽ͵ǰ治Զֿ⣬ںܾ֮ǰͷֵһĲֿ⣬ҹ㣬ҲǷʮˣû˻ҵǾǰȫģ
˼ĵ˵ͷȻлˣ
ֿĴŲûκεڵͨıʻ˽ȥ³֮ìǴֵ絽һԿʼĶûãֿϷĵƺһֿⶼˣ
ìЦſһأֿʩΪһܻõҲǰ׼ģҡ
˵һ룬ìȻֹˣɫҲǱΪѿ
е±˹˵϶ǰϫˡ
Ȼعͷȥ֮ʱĲǰϫ˭
ìԼʱķӦϫҲޱȵƣû뵽Լ֮ǰģѾǱìˣ飬ʵҲʮֵ⣬ֻǿô죿
ô죿ȻöˣֻҪֵǮĶȫߣʣµģһѻյˣ
˵⻰±һȵ˹ȥ
ȡȵȡ
ʱì
⻰б͵һ˵ǰɣѵìһﻹû£
ǽì˵Ļȴ˿
ֻìһ߿ٵĽһԵһľŴ˿һ˵տҪרҵĹߵģﶼУҪҪȥ
ŸûڣһԵİϫȴЦֵһѣõʲôߣԼһ˶ܴÿˣ
ìһ⻰ɫһ䣬˵Լôˣǰλǿɶһ˰һССıտôѵõǣ
ţεЦЦȻ⡭ˣ
ó԰ϫʱìһ޷ľ⣬ϫȻҲǲˣԣϫȴǲôںģΪ˲Լòװɵֲ¸æ˵ˣڻȥöȥɣϫȥöì㻹ˣ
Ҫһ£ì϶ȲȥǱտ﾿ʲôʱȴûһ˿ȤˣΪʣϫ϶ҲǻһȥģѹͲ뿿ϫ
˸仰ֱͺ֮һ㣬û˿ԥì±ǵ˵ͷ
ţŴŰϫ򿨳˹ȥ
ʱ򣬸㷢⳵žȻģõĻһشŵӣȻûжһģû˿ԥ±ǽ֮˳ȻһӶʱ㱻һˣ
򿪳֮ٴӳģһŵıˣգһƣ㷢ⱣȻǲ׶ߣ׶׶೤ˣ
Χűտһ£ЦŶ԰ϫ˵żƣҲȷʵҲһģãⶫȴ䵽ǵˣ
ϫűտûʲôȤⱣտĶҲûʲôȤֻɢĿһԣȻŸ˵˰ɣϽְɣ
ۼˣһЦȻе֮տ˹ȥ
տֶǲ֪ĻҪʮѵģڸ֣֮ҪȻҲʲôˡ
֮д뱣տĸоڸʵ͸һ鶹ĸоһǲκġ
ΪںĶԸһֱ֮ӱһȥŵĵ£漴һ
˭ںأ
Ȳ˽ȥһԵİϫҲǸ˽
һտ棬۵ıǸָĽкһЩֵֹĶȴûۿЩһֻۣѰԼҪĶ
ţĿ˲ԶһϣȻֱ˹ȥ
ʮĹͷô˵ҲһС˵ʲôװǿ鹷ͷĻôȻǰˣ
ţȻǰţִӡ
Ӵ򿪵һ˲䣬ЦΪʱ˿۵ģһǾ޴Ĺͷֻ鹷ͷʲԲΣ澡һЩཻɫȥɷϲ
ôҵˣ
ʱϫŰϫҲǿеĹͷ𣬲ϫȴûκ˷ܵɫһеĹͷ֮󣬵±ǺνĶԸ˵ԭʯͷνĹͷ𰡣һΪʲôöأ
ʯͷ
һ⻰±ǰ˰ϫһ۵ι㿴ˣɲһʲôʯͷһȻƽҪصĶһ飬ʮˣ
ˣϫǺν˵ⶫҿһʯͷѣҶνǮҲôȤ
⻰ϫǱЩ
Ϊϫ˵ĵûȷʵǶǮֶôںģʵҲûɶϵҪ֪ϫһһʱ䶼øǮ򳵵Ǯɸģ
һµǸѲ˹ϵˣ
ʱ򣬸Ҳǲ˵ЩʲôˣεĿ˰ϫһۣǽӸһװʮصĹͷǱսɨƿռȥˡ
һ֮󣬸ǴһܣֻһЩֻ͹Źֵĵ֮⣬ƺŲٵĺöģЩȴûʲôȤˡ
˿֮󣬸ԵȺì˹ȥ
ԶĿ˹ìæԼеͷȻôҵ𣿡
Цŵͷǿ鹷ͷѾҵˣʣµĶ棬ƺŲٵĺöҲȥϼɣϾҲܰһβǣ
ìһ⻰±ǴֵȻ˵ˣôҲͲˣ
˵⻰ì±˹ȥû߼ɫһ䣬ȻЩµĿ˵λڡ
İɣìѻ˵꣬æǽӿڵղѾȥˣ˵еƣȥ͸͸;ܷİɣ
⻰ìһϲűǿ񱼶ȥˡ
˺ôһì˳ﻹһڿΪصӣĺ棬ʵìѡĶЩʲô
ìҲ˵Щʲôֻ΢΢һЦȻ㽫Ӹ˿գһƣֻìѡЩ붼һЩΪŹֵС֮⻹вɫΪʯ
¸ԽЩΪҪ֪ǱտлŲٵĺöõģΪʲôìȴƫƫѡЩأ
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֮ǰЩΪʲôìĶ£ȴЩìˣΪìѡЩһĶȫûƽɵĶ
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ˣȻǲͿµģ¶ìԽӵЩˣ˵һȻеĸʵ̫ˣ
˸֮ǰ˵ͷѾˣô˰ܸܲҿʵ˵һûôĹͷأ
һӻƽʯ복֮ìǿʵ
ͷѾǱյɨȥˣȻǲܾóìˣ⵹ΪСԼҪȡû׼ìҪʸͣˣ
ţָ˹ȥȻҪ뿴Ļҡ
û˵꣬ìɫһ䣬ǸæĿڵ˲ˣҾһ˵ѣʵҶǹͷûʲôȤģ˰˰ɣ
ڰϫìµЩ֮ˣﻹԼȥ⹷ͷڰϫϵʱﻹȥ룬æǾܾˣ
⻰Ҳֻ΢΢һЦ㲻˵Щʲôˡ
鵹Ǽ򵥶ˣ֮ǰƻտֿⶼìŻյˡ
һ̤֮˻ع;һ·ϣì񾭶һֱڸ߶Ƚ״̬µģԭֻΪϫҲڳڣ
òֻص˰׽𺺳ۿŰϫ͸ȥ֮ì˿
ò˵ԣһҹ
һղŵõƽʯʱìȴЦ
⻹Ǹ󰡣ҪΪµĻôܵõĺôأ


623 һ
֮󣬸ûż뿪׽𺺳ǿųΪʱ䣬ⳡνĴҲǲൽ˸߳ˣһ߳Ҫˣôõ飬ǲܴģ
Ǻʱϫ
ֻΪʵ֮ǰһֱû㣬ǲʲôҰղǸһһ·ϵķӦʵ̫ˣܾãһʲôûң
һ⻰кһűǸæͷ򸱼ʻϵİϫ˹ȥȴְϫ˿ҲһĿ
֮ǰ飬ǲ߰ϫģҲΪϫʣ°ϫȴ⵹øЩԥˣҲ֪׸òð߰ϫ
˼˺һջǾҪ¸߰ϫΪҪ֪ϫпΪ˰ԸҲģǷŰϫһ飬ټҲϫйأðϫҲȨ֪µģ
ţһ˿ԥ㽫֮ǰ鶼˵˳˸Ļ֮󣬰ϫǱûȻűԭֲøղǸһһҾµҪԭΪСĿҵģҲģȻǸҰһݣ
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ϫЦſҪǰĻû׼һĻȥЩʲôڲˣΪڵңֻΪԼţҲⱻ֪ݣҵǲܵģֻ֮ܶҪһĿľͺãôˣ
û֮ǰϫȻҲڷģʱȴǵŹȫϣ˼ģټѹðϫһҲҷɣʱʱ̶̿ѹ֮С
ֱ˸ǵõĽϫҲԼ񣬿ʼһࡱ˼䣬ʱ䣬ϫı仯̫ˣԽԽһˣ
ͨҲЦźʱԶİźſȴǺӿһȺˣ浱¾ǱЩ
ۼˣҲ͹˲ȥͰҹ˵ˣǸæǱ
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Ҳŭĳǰ
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˭Ҳû뵽ʱ򣬱ҲȻԼ˷ѣ
رǸҲؿڵ£˿̸һŵĿűҲƺôҲ޷ʵ
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ʵ˵仰ʵҲʮΥĵģԭֻΪ֮ǰȥ鿴ֳʱҲʹЩµǷʲô飬õĴ𰸺ǰʬõĴӦһһ
ǱһȼŵͷϮˣͷ˿
Ҫһ˵Ļ϶ǻᵱһ˵ˣǵڳ˶˵ʱǿɲˣ
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еĻֻ˭أѵ
뵽ʱ򣬱ҲӺ͵һ𣬽֮ǰڰ׽𺺳Ǹ˵ӰǳԺ֮С
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һʱ䣬ҲǱúǿԱߵǸǱɫΨֱҲٴη轫Ƕ̵ࡣ
ȴ˿ݵĿ֮󣬱ҲǰȻһķԸȥҲڰ׽𺺳Ǹ˵ʲôͷȻٲû˵ĶڲϣǵĶĻ͸ɱȻѶû
֮ǰ飬ҲһֱЩڻģΪʱбҪȥһʱҲǹ˲ȥ´ʲôˣʱһжʱޱȵߣڼǸΪɵˣȻҲǲˣ
⻰ԱߵǸҲ˿ΪһĿˣǱȵϹҪõĶˣȻ֮ǰǸСӿżֱµģŲģظɵҲʲôˣ
ţǸæӦ
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ˣȰЩһɣȻȰҹ֮
뵽ǲͨìĵ绰һʱ뵽Ծһ룬Ծ˵ֻһСѣС»ԣҪЩձ˵ĻֻûǸ飬ǵìſЩ


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ӵ˸ĵ绰ìʱǱһû뵽ⱾҲȻôͻɵˣԾǣȻǻ׽˱ҲȥЩˣ
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⹫·ҲһΪҪ飬չأҸʻǵʾһ۵ģôţǲϴӦ˵ҪҸʸҰ˼Ϣ֪ͥĻҪԶĴﲻ뿪ˣ⻰ǰ˸һǾǳҸҲͲЩʲô¶ˣ
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ҹԼ°ͣȻſ¶˵ҲЩŹֵģΪʵĶǹ飬Ȼ˵ʱķӦҲЩֵģ

⻰±ΪԾû뵽ʵľȻԼ飬ϸ룬ԼʲôʵģһסôãԼһѾ˽
ţǿʵ˵˵⵽ô°
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ڸٽһµʱ򣬻˵һ룬Դһϵȥ
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Ҳ֪ͥǲʲô֮Ķÿͥʱ򣬶ǻŸģҪص˼ʱҲǱŸſԻȥ֮ǰɨǽͥʱԼҲǳŸģ
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Ҳʱŷﵽʲôطˣԭ˰죬Ƕ۾찡ֲղŻһİĸо
ȻҲͥϽΧ֮µģȴ֮ͥڣھͥЩһطƹ⴦طģȻǶ۾ˣ
ΪӴ·һ·ϸȻҲǳͨˣȴЩΪʵ벻ףɨǺԼʲô飬ֻһ飬ƴ͵ˣαҪô鷳
ɻٿǰʱǰһ˵ӼȻģôɨǺӦҲ֪һİɣ
ţ±ǿøЩʧǣӵĿڷʵ̫ˣƾ˵˵һǲ͸¶һֻ֣˵֪֮ˣۼˣҲֻˣ
ԽȥԽЩԾΪһʱһͥԺӴɨʦأǱȥģ˵Ļε϶ʲô򵥵ˣ
ţЩͷ
ʱһܴĹſڣ֮ӵ±ͣȻʦҪҵˣѾˣ
⻰Ҳһ̽ͷڴϾĶΪֹĹˣ
ͽ𣿡
ʱͻȻһΪϲĿЦĴű͵رһӴ˿Ȼɨǵʱǳ˸ǰ
ʦ
ɨǵʱ򣬸Ҳ̲סһ䣬֮ǰЩŵҲƽϾԼôϤĵطһ׽ǻ࣡
һʦɨǵֺǺǵӦһ䣬˵ˣҲɵվˣϽɣ
⻰һԵӵ±ǶɨǰݵлŭǾ
˽ȥ
ۼˣæҲǸȥ
һɨǰ±ǿ˵˵ʦ´¶ҵʱܲȴкһİҸͥʵ̫Σ˰Լǲ£һҪ˵˱˸ô죿
˵ģȻǿ֮ʱпܻᷢˣ˵ˣҪǽϰҹĻǴͰϫȥ̽һ±Ҳģ
룬лЩҪô˵Ļôû׼пܻ˵ˣ
飬ɨȻǲ֪ˣ֪˼仹⣬˵±ǰ˰ֵˣ´ǰ㣬˰ɣȽδмҪҪ㣡
⻰ȻҲǲٶЩʲôˡֻĸɨǰ˹ȥЩʵʦȸⶫ۾ʲô¶ҪȥҲи׼Ȼʱ¶棡
ͥĵλߣƹһ磬ΪǺɨһ޶µĵҲͷҲʵ벻Լʲôܰﵽģ
ѵҪɨ
ţ´ȴҡҡͷΪһʵ̫ɾˣҪɾͲҪɨ
ǣòɨǣ˴ɨ֮⣬Ҳﲻʲôæ˰ɣ


626 ʦʦ
ţɨЦ˵ͽģⴿͥĵλܸߣµҲ£ǻûһеģΪʦҲУֻ

⻰±ǼΪԾĽΪʵЩɨ˵⻰ʲô˼ɨǻж۾첻ɵ飬һССķܰ쵽
УҪǲĻʵܵĽ
ţǸæһСܣȻյɨʵʦͱ˺Ҳø͸¶һϢɣȻȻҪڶ۾ǰĻⶪĻ𣿡
ɨһ⻰ɫҲһ䣬Ϊָ˵ûһҪǸʱķӦʱĻĿɲ
ڳ˲ֹдӣͽҪǸЩǰĻôʦǺûӣ
ˣ͸ǰ˵ºˣ´ӵȻҲҪ˵ģȻǺܻܵ¼ѾڶˣҲûµİɣ
ţɨǿˣ
ɨǵͽܰʵ±ӦɴӸ˵ģ˵ҲԣΪʦҪǲǰ͸¶һĻ⵽ʱʲôԻǰһɣüǵãǧ֪ģ𣿡
ɨһģкҲЩ漴һ֣صĵ˵ͷ
ţɨű߱˵ĽӽҪи˵˳
ȵɨ˵Щʱ򣬸ĵ˵ͷɨ˵εɵʱ򣬸лЩ˼ģ£ȴ˹ɨǻûпţ¹ȻǷɵģ
˼и飬ں֮ǰѾ֪ˣ֮һΪ˺ѣȻҲҵλδάһЩ˵ĶԹ
ܵ˵Ҫ˼չһҵĻô϶ҲǻӦģ
ţ±˿ȻֵһΪʲô¶أԭ°İɣȻͥʲô飬ﲻ۾ʲôæֻҪ˼䣬ôһǿٵģʦ֪˼źܴȨƵģûκ˸ǵģ
ʱȻ뵽һ飬Ȼǿɨʵʦ֮ǰ˼ʱҵĵһ飬˵ÿʱ򣬶۾ǻǲһλ·Ϊҽô𣿡
⻰ɨǵ±ǵ˵ͷȻûģʱҲǿҪˣʮ֮󣡡
ʮ֮
ɨ˵仰е±ЩԾǸæʵô֪۾׼λ½ȥأ
֮ǰڸҵӽֵʱ򣬸˳ҵǺòѼ˵дɵһȣҵѾԼˣȿ϶ˣЩģλ½ɻ˶ң
ɽٷ䣬˵ǰѵһĴ¶ǲΪԼĳЩٶƻⳡʢ뵽İ취ελ½磬ȻٸǸһҪΪΪң
øû뵽ǣհ仰˵ʱǰߵɨȴͻȻͣȻЩȵĿô㲻֪𣿡
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Щɻ˵Ĳɨ⻰ʲô˼
֣ѵҸղû𣿡
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ʱ򣬸ȴԽɻæ˵ʦ⵽ô°㵽˵ʲô
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ΪεһЦɨĸļ˵ͽܣղʦǸˣҲû¶ڸҲҪɵȥĲǵʲôҲǱʲôˣ㰡
ɶң
һ⻰±Щǧ㣬ȴû㵽¾Ȼ˼ĿľΪ˼ʱ԰һҵĵǣڿҪǱҪѵöˣ
ȻҪԼϹ½ȥΪҽ
⡭ô˵Щ˼İɣὲʲô
ţ±Ϊżĳɨǰ˰ֵʦҿζɲģὲʲôⲻӵ𣿡
û뵽ɨһ⻰±ЦȻֵͽܰ˵ӸոΪʦ˵µʱΪʦʵҲ࣬Ϊ⽲֮£һݺܸУΪʦ˭ǴӻǷҪָ㲻ɣΪʦҲû취ˣֻǴӦˣҲģ·𣿵ʱôӽҪĶдˣʱ·˭ָ˵Щʲô
׹ˣεƺѾǰ϶ˣʦͶ۾Ѿˣֻ֪ͨһѣ飬ǲӦҲˣ
ҡһ뵽Լ֮ǰȷʵҲ˶۾ٶݣ¸ȻҲЩþܾˣ
Ƭֻ֮εҡҡͷȻŶɨ˵УȻô˵ˣôҲǲ˵ЩʲôˣҴӦˣ鵽׸ô죬ȴǲ֪ˣ
⻰ɨǵЦͷİɣϾοΪ˴ӰµģôȻǻģֻҪ˵ȥͺˣ
˵ȻҲǲ˵Щʲôˣֻǵ˵ͷǰ˹ȥ
ʱǿ˶۾ˣΧվʮλòɣû´ĻЩȻҲͽˣ
Ȼʮ־ģɨǿɾͲһˣԶıŲԶӣҰͽܸˣʲô¶͸˵ɣھˣ

⻰ʱ򣬸кЩΪ⻰òôЩŤģôԼǱɨǸˣ
Զ⻰ҲЦҡҡͷߵЩǣҲвЦ
Ȼʱ򣬸ȴǲΣԶıǶŲԶһɰݵСɲμ۾μλѣ
ˣɣ
䣬
ŵ̧ͷʱ򣬱㿴Ϻǹһ˿޵Ц⣬ߵЩϵı鶼ЩŹ
жʱǷֹ˵ôˣòԼҲû˵ʲôɣ
ţԶָߵЩ˵ʦŭǾͬѣԺҲ̫ˣ֮ĳƺͱˣ֮֮ǰҲѧҵĹϸ˵ĻҲҵİˣŭûʲôĻԺǾʦֵưɣ
˵⻰һЦɨ˹ȥ
¶ɨȻҲûʲôˣ֮ǰдк漴˵ûûʲôûʲô½ͽܵģǵÿ㴿ˣʦֵܾʦֵܰɣ
ۿˣɨûʲôһȺǵ±ǶŸֵʦܣ
Ȼʱ򣬸ȴЩɵˣôҲ벻ԼôͻȻôһѵʦˣ
ˣ»ǸæӦ˹ȻǰһƱʦǰݵλʦ֣
ŵʯ䣬뵽⵽ôˣ
ȻҲһɣȥҽ£ɲһɾͿԵģµĵӲУҲǸЩϵģʣȻǸˣ
Ȼ֮ǰûʲô̫ĹϵǸղǾʦһɾһ˲õĹϵˣµĸĳ̶ֳ˵Ҳµĵˣ
ͨе±Ǳ࣬ٴ̧ͷʱɫҲǱʮֵĴ
ģȻҲ֪Ѿе飬ҲΪ͵ĵ˵ͷ
ţǵ˵µʱˡ
ڳ˶Ż˵ΪʦڷʱλӣһλӣǵĴʦӣڶλӾǵĶʦФӣλǺܶ˶ѾˣΪǵλʦ֣ûиһõɣǻһ
ΪʦΪĺ£Ϊʦʱ򾭳룬ΪʦҪǶָһĻǷҲһվΪʦǰ
µ˵ҲûʲôˣλʦֵĺûзԸĺΪΪ˼Ҫĸ֮һ
ǧʱΪʦͶһأǾÿǲһλ½署԰½ͽͽѾǹǧ֮ˣ
֮󣬾ԼʱˣֻΣȴǱҪ鷳Ķˣ
˵⻰Ÿ˹


627 ĵţ
ôһҲЩ˼Ϊʱ˿̣붼߰˰ˣԼӦ۵˲ŶԣǱôһǺ۵ˣ
ȻЩǡҲǸʦǵҲ˹
һʱ䣬Ϊ漴ֻǵӶˣϾЩǰѹģ
ջĿ֮ǻ˵Ҳ֪ͥЩǵĹԽԽˣǰʱΪʦĵĽһ͵䣬ȴҲˣ֮ͥвûôȣΪʦⶫ۾λӣǵĲۺأΣֻİ취ˣ
νıİ취ʵ˶Ѿ֪ˣв֪ģӦҲѾˣȻ⻰ǵ˵У
Ŀ⻷ǰһȦ֮ջ䵽˸ϡ

Ÿֵ
û˿ԥ±ƨƨߵ˹ȥΪѾ׼Ҳǵ
ǰæһݣȻֵڣ
ȻͥЩŷǳϸҪ󣬵Ҫȴûʲô̫ôˣ½ЩǣΪʱĹϵֻ˼ͣѣʱһͱϻͥˣȻܴ鷳㲻һµǰ˱ɵ˼ͥǽĻΪʲˣɴӦ
˵ţһЦ˹ȥ
û˿ԥ±ǸæصȻҵʦҿʵǺҵʦһģֻҪķԸһǣ
仰˵Щˣⲻص㣬صǸѾӦˣ⻰ʱڳֶЦҲ˿
ţֺ뵽ʲôȻʵˣеţ
ţ
⻰±һ㶣ҡҡͷûУ
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һЦźǿڵȻ˵ĻôҲһŰɣȻͥɣôûеſǲеģ
⻰꣬кһϲæǵ˵ͷ
żţǺܶɶеĳƺţ綫۾ĵŴӣֱ綫۾ĴӡʥƺҲȥһֵˣ˵ʲôӡϵˡӡ˵ȵȵȵȵȵˣ
ȻνĵŲûʲô̫ôܹ˵Ҳһקſը飬ҪǣԺҪͥݣͿԲ˵Լɨǵţ˵Լĵˣ
飬ܲӦأ
ۼˣһЦźǿʼ˼ҪΪʲôš
ԷֱͽзӰɣ
ʱԺȴǺһɫ±ǱЩѿ
Ϊܹģ֮ͥв࣬Ҳֻλʥ˶ˣҺʣ˵Ȼ鱦ˣ
ͥенɴڵģԽǸ߼ĹԽΪǿΪⶫĻӦû˿Խʶ̽ˣһȴԼЩ̫Сλʥˣ
ʥ˵޷ģ
鱦ָĵӣһֱ֪ģҲǴûйҪΪͽܵ뷨ڸղ˵ЩʵҲΪ˸һµݰˣ
ȴôҲû뵽һ飬Ȼᾪ鱦
Ȼȣɫȴû˿ı仯ʯ䣬Ȼһ
鱦ҪΪΪ𣿷ӾͷӰɣֻһƺŶѣҶԷʥˣΥ
ţ±ЦŶǰĸ˵Է䣬ֱˣҿͲзӰɣ
ȫ֮ǰ鱦Ǿ仰仰˵˵ģ˵鱦˵ĸΪһЩȻʱ˵ûзʲô쳣
ӡӡӡ
⻰±Ǹæ߶һ䣬ЦȻŲʥ磬ȴҲǱȽˣνķӣǴӷ޵
ܵ˵ţΪģ
ţл
ȻŻ⣬˵ɫȴЩΪΪµĵʱǻᰴһĹ
ĵһǣﶼһӣӡˮӡФ֮ࡣ
ڶӣȻŲģȴǼµϰߣжһ֣
ӣȻҲɱϰˣ
һĻΪӡĳƺɾʵЩˣ
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ȻȻúܶ˶Щɻ󲻽⣬ȴûκ˸ҿѯʣΪµõ˼أ
Ϊ˵ţǴŵѯһ˼ҵ˵Լ֮ǰڷʱѾʶ˵ʱЦ⻹ЩˣЩƺڤڤ֮עİ
˼ңʵ˵ǵӡʵôãһΪȷ飬ȻΪˣȻҲǶصģʱȻҲֻЩû˵ˣ
ЩµЩƵƵͷ
ۿѾĲˣ׵ҲˣܸԼ˼ȥ˰ɣϾ˼仹һѵȥأ
ûڵʱһԵǿˡ
ֻһԵ˵ȥ佲Ҫ׼ܶĶҲҪºܶ飬⼸ҲҪȥˣЩʦʦΪɣ
ɽٳⲻֹ˼һ¶ͥҲˣӵȻҲĵ漴Ǹæݵͽ֪ˣ
ţǿӣѾüˣ˿Ҳ󲻵ãֻסϼǰ׼ˣ
⻰жʱǰһˣΪûǣҲĿǰڵȥأ
⻰ȴôҲ˵ˣ΢ԥһ£ǵͷӦ
ڱҲ飬ѾʲôˣвǣֻҪг֣¿϶ҲʮþȵģЩǰ鷳ļһȻǽɰϫͰҹԸˣ
Ȼ˵ĻͥϼòҲûʲôİɣ
ۿŸӦǷԸӣţһ˱ǴŸȥˣ׼Ϊһһĵ
һӣҹȥˣ
ҹڸԣһѰӣ˳ԷϢ֮⣬ǰʮλʦʦ㽲һĵ裡
ҪǣʮһȻǴ粽ÿ۾ʱ򣬿ֻЩһ
տʼʱ򣬸ɷµţ˿ǽţԴЩԺΪǰЩһ˵Ķʵ̫ˣѹǼǲסģ
֮£ֻ˼ŮȻЩһｲʱ򣬽ǵĻﶼһһļ¼ʱǼ¼ֽžǧˣ
ΣΪЩζȫģֻǰЩֽŶ׼ص˼֮һЩʵóá
ϾǧŰҪһŵĽĻǵýʲôʱ򰡣ԼһЩ轲ˣ
֮󣬸ɨǺʮλʦʦˣ
ȵٴλص˼ʱѾ֮ˣ
۾һ˲䣬±ǸæӴϵҲ˲ϴ±ǳҰϫͰҹȥˣ
ѾȥˣеҪ֪ԼڵʱҲ鵽Ǵôˣ
ţЩΪִʱ˿̣ϫͰҹȻǲڱݣ
֣һﵽȥȥˣ
ɻ󣬸±ǲͨ˰ϫĵ绰ûã绰ͷǴ˰ϫ
ˣ
绰սͨϫǴ˹
ҸջˣͰҹôȻһ˶ڰ
˵ţǿֱȴִʱ˿ҲߵӶѣһδҲ̫˰ɣ
ţֻ绰ͷİϫ˵㲻ڵʱ˺ܶ飬Ҳһֱûţ
ͷȻҲ֪ģ㻹ǸұҲ鵽Ǵô˰ɣȻЩĲ£
ֻаϫһ˵Ļôܻᵣİϫ͵ټһҹĻ֪ϫû͵ģ


628 У
Ȼֻ绰ͷİϫ˵ΪеİԶԸҲ鵹Ҳǽе쳣˳µıҲѾʲôˣΪϾҪǲͻعˣ
ʲôǲͻع
⻰ʱ򣬸±סˣ˵뵽Լڵ⼸ᷢһЩ飬ȴôҲû뵽Ȼе֮죡
Ҳǲͻعζʲô
ζŹسѾǽ˰
ţЩȷʵ˵⻰ʲô˼ѵسѾˣ
û绰ͷİϫǴǰʱ򣬹سѾǱֹͣˣڱҲжǲͻعͬʱҲ´˲Ǩ鵽ĿǰΪֹѾǳ׵Ľˣ
˰ϫĻһп˵еİЧҲʵЩ˰ɣȻ̶̵ļ֮ڣͳ׵ĸɵ˱Ҳˣ
ǽţ뵽һΪص⣬ȻʵˣҲǲعһţ
Ҳ³Ѿں֮ǰѾע˵ģ֮Գٳٲ϶ֻ֣ΪҪ»ҪҲ˵̬ڣʱ򣬱ҲѾǺôˣҲǸöˣ
Ŷ˵˵ڽ죬ҲĴֻҲѾˣ
䣬ϫͻȻôһ䡣
⻰ʱ򣬸͵һȻǸæʵʲôҲѾˣֱڿЦѵ֪ܷűҲ뿪ˣϽұҲϹȥ
żһû˵أ
ۿŵ绰ͷĸЩżϫǺ
Ųȸ𻰣ϫæȻҲ֪ñҲ뿪ľڵģԾڸղűҲ뿪ʱ򣬰ҹҲǸȥˣͷİɣⱾҲǾܲ˵ģ
һ⻰һ㶣æʵҹ׷ȥˣô׷ģ
Ҫ֪İҹɲ֮ǰʧȥ˻ô׷ϱҲأ
ϫĻشȴø˿Ϊϫһȥģһͷȥģ
һĻεӦǲٳʲô˰ɣ
ţʼջЩĲ£Ƕŵ绰ͷİϫ˵ϹȥϫҷĲ£ҪԿ
⻰ϫҲûôԥ±ǽԼڵĵص˵˳ŸҲû飬ֱӱǳˡ
ʱ˰ϫ˵ͷˣԶı㿴ϫԼĳǰԼ
ĸȥˣ
³֮󣬸ǼҴҵϫʵ
ΣǱߣ
ϫ˵ţָ˶ߡ
ܺã
ǵ˵ͷǸæһܵĻȷһ֮󣬸æǶŰϫ˵齻ҹһҲģұҪ׷ȥҪȥ𣿡

⻰ϫҲЩɵȻ¶Ѿ뿪һСʱˣ׼ô׷ȥ
ôȥȻǿˣ
˵Ĺ򣬸æǽ޸˳Ȼ޵Ӷ԰ϫ˵
Ȼ޵ʱ򣬰ϫϵ±ЩȻΪȻ뵽ˣ϶Ǵ׷ȥˣ¶Ҳģ
ţϫ±ǰ˰ֵˣҾһǺˣȥذɣ
ۼˣҲͲǿϫˣһЩ֮󣬸Ǹæ׷ȥ
ݰϫ˵רŴҲȥձҴϣȫձˣҶ֮ǰڹسձˣЩձˣɾûʲôˣǵ³Ҳֻܱһˣ
Ϊ׵ıҲȻҲӲյˣãⱾҲҪԵģ²ֻǱһô򵥣û׼ȵ֮ⶫʲô
ȻǸʱѾǲԼʲô¶ˣֻҪ˱ҲҴϵձ֮Լǳˣ
ţǴߴ޿˼֡
˵޵ķٶȼ죬һ˼ǲʲôģΪ˰ȫһֱˮǰн޷֮ʱµˮ浱±Ǳ˿һ·ǰУҲΪ׳ˣ
ʱһҾ޴ִǳ˸֮Уʱ˿̣סĿȴִִͣԱߵֻ
üһֻͼҪǰִˣ
Ҫǲֻ֪ǰҹĻû׼⵱ɺϮˣ
Ȼֻôʣҹ϶ҲѾϵˣ
뵽æǴߴǴ˹ȥ
ҴӦñʻ״̬ģǺԣҹ϶뵽ʲô취ͣԼµĲĻҹѾǿʼҴϴˣ
Ȼ䵽ϵʱ۵˲һָϺ룬ȻҲǰҹɵˣЩϺ϶Ҳ֮ǰЩձ˱ˣ
鵽һѾûκεˣԴʱ˿̣ҲǱνԸ޲ܳʳЩ֮󣬸ŲԶǼ˽ȥ
ֱµ˴۵Ļһصĺʣʱ򣬸ҲЩ
飡
ʱǹȴͻȻԲԶĵط
΢΢һ㶣Ÿæǹķ׷˹ȥΪ֪ҹ϶Ҳǻˣ
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ȻޱȵĸˣǸɫȴû˿ı仯ֻǻعͷȥװɻʵôˣʲô𣿡
ǸʲôղŲ˵Ҫһȥʶʶڻȥ𣿡
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˵ͷ֮󣬸ǸԪ˧˳ȥ
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⻰Ԫ˧ǵ˵ͷ
Ҫȥץ죬ֻԪ˧һ֮Ȼǲеģ֮ǰҲ˵ˣԼοǴǧȥģһ·ֻƼ˴ˮһȴǧӰӶû
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Ԫ˧һ⻰Ц漴ǶԸ͵ɵټ֮ʱҾѾǧɳȥˣģΪʱ˿̣ǧѾڷټĵطȺˣֻҹȥ֮󷢺ʩˣ
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Сѣôˣʲôأɫôôѿ
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żϡĸ֣Ԫ˧Щ
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⻰޺ͣǶ˻֮ǼԸ˸ߡ
Ǵ˼ͣȻŤͷǸ˵ŲţĿģֻΪǣȥĻô͸Ͻ뿪ɣȻ֮ͥУǿǲԼΪ֮ɣ
˵⻰±׼뿪ˡ
ǺʱԶĵطһ

һ⻰µĲͣΪֱĳ˵仰ģ֮ǰڳκһɣˣ
عͷȥʱ򣬿ľø͵ز
ֻʱ˿̣ǰĲǱʲôһȺõġǡЩдСŮʹ뷢԰ף䣬СĿֻ󣬴˿һµĶЩ˵͵͵ĴԼ
˼ĻЩ˶񣬵񡭡òҲ֪Щ˵ˣ
һʱ䣬һɱӿ˸ͷбΪǰЩ֮ͬˡеģֻһĪĸж
ˣȴ֪ԼǸ뿪ˣڵһĻû׼Ԫ˧ĶҪҵˣǻûЩɵټ취Ǹ𴦲У
ţ漴ǶǰǸ˵˵ĻѾ˵ˣֻϣǿԾ뿪ȻҲȡһЩʱ䣬ȡ˶õģڻûҵϽ뿪ɣ
ҵˣ
һ⻰Ц漴һĿҵˣѵͲ𣿡
ʲô
⻰ʱ򣬳˸֮⣬ڳ˶һŵǸ˹ȥ⻰˼˭öˣ
ȻǶڸǺ棬࣬ȴЩ̫ˣ
䣡
ʱԶĿһʮ־޴춯һ춯ʱЩɺ񾪹֮һļΪ֮ǰǸߵɫҲ͵һ䡣
죬Ͻȥȥˣ
ߵһеɺת˹ȥűɽеĶڡ
ʲô͵ôãΪʲôҪһֱȥ˸ƴˣ
˶ɽеĶȥʱһΪŭ˵⻰ĲǱˣ֮ǰ𹥻Ĵ޽ɣ
˿̣Ļȴûκ˵ע⣬ǿٵɽеĶڸ˹ȥ
ûһƬбֻʣ¸Ǹ޽ɻ֮ǰ˵Ǹˡ
ɣ֪ںһеĴ𰸣ֻҪ֪飬ҶģֻҪԸ
һĿ˵
ʱ˿̣鵱ʮֵĸӣΪ֮ǰһֱҪݣȻǱ߸һۿˣ˵˳
Ȼʱǿѡ뿪ģǡ
ε̾˿ֽ޸սռУǸ˹ȥȻѾˣôҲʲôˣܾ뿪ȥˣպԼҲкܶҪģ
ۿŸ˹ϵһ󼤶ûʱ򣬸ͣ
ôأ
ָԶǸ޽˵
֮ǰ⵽ԴͻȻӵ˴޽ɵΪ֮еɼֱͺǰ˿һ㣬ȫĴڣղųһȺҲˣ
֮ǰ˵˶ɽʱҲǽ޽ɸˣʵǲ⵽ô¡
⻰ߵҲǸ޽ϣȻǵȻ˵ǿԸһȥģ˹أҲȥˣȥɣ֪ôģ
仰ǰһ룬ǶŸ˵ģһȴǶǸ޽˵ġ
Ȼ⻰ȴû⵽ʲô˼ײҪǴ޽Ȼ׹ˡ
ֻһźҵЦ漴ǶһݣȻһԵĴ֮С
ĺ棬±ЩԾʵô£ǵȥˣ
İɣֻѣɣ֮һҪúõ̸һ̸ˣ
˵⻰ߺת˹ȥۼˣҲǹ˲ʲôˣֻҲǸȥ


638 ޷ΥĹ
ɽõļΪΣǲϸ鿴ĻǷֲ˵ģ߽ɽŷɽоȻһأ
ɽڲпյģһܴĿյأյɢһССéݣܵɽ϶ֵķţȻʶЩţӦҲǱﲻֵһػˡ
ɽеʱ򣬸ӭһĿ⣬ʱ˿̣˶ڴԼǰǸ߲δ˵ֻǰţȻҲǲö˵Щʲôˡ
һԽԽǴӸ˳Щ֮ǰδȥҲ֪浽Ƿʲô飬񿴵Ȼǽһİˣ˵±ǱЩ
˿̣ȴЩϵ飬ģֻЩ˵
ͥӦûжٵĲŶԣϸһȴǷԼһ·ɣѾǶˣ⻹ǰЩеģҪ˵ֵĻôãɽеɣҲǶ˵ģ
ʣʮ־˵ˣ
ͥһֱѰŲ֮ͥеɣϧǣȴһֱҲǵκ˿˭뵽Ȼٸأ
о̾뵽һ飬漴̲ס߿ʵղŵô£ΪʲôղŵǸͻȻӵ˴޽ɼΪʲô޷˺ңµĻӦѾˣ
տʼֻһͨҲͨˣһĹ򣬺ӵ˴޽ɼΪڸֱǲ˼飬ֱûи⵽ô£
ɻ󲻽ǣΪʲôղǸƴȫһԼ޷κ˺أǵˣԼȻǱˣһ飬øɻ
˸ʻߺһЦֵͻȻӵ˴޽ɵΪģһֱǱӡڵģ֮ǰһӳ˵ķӡڵӿһˣ
ԭ
ߵĽ֮󣬸ǻȻĵ˵ͷǽһĹ͵סˣ漴һŵߵЩ˹ȥ
֮ǰں棬ΪʲôЩɿһҲûɵӣ˵ɣ˵ҰĸЩʱߵĽͣˣ
гֵǸ뷨ȴһЩ
Ȼ֮ǰǸΪ⿪ڵķӡӵԼô˵˶һڶżΪǿֻҪԸ⣬ʱӵд޽ɵΪ
Ҳ
һ뵽±̲סһ䣬Ϊʵ̫˾ˣ
׼ȷһµʱߺǿˡ
һʱΪ˺ܴʧǵ˱ȷɢһĸطеĻһֻأΪ˱֤Ժ˼䲻ˣԵǷɢ֮ʱƶһ֮˶޷ΥĹ򣡡
˵Ż͵ػعͷȻһĿ֮ͬ޷˺һ˶޷ΥĹˣǿΥĹôܵӦķɣ֮ǰҲӦüʶˣ֮ǰôĻҲδؿĳˣ
ߵĽ֮ͣǰеɻǵõ˴𰸣ţʳԼղ뵽顣
˵֮ǰǸ˱ӵд޽ɵôأѵҲأΪ
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޽ɣͥѾһһĸˣ࣬ĻҲһ˲ѣһ˳Ȼı£ڸʵ̫ˡ
⻰ʱȴֻ΢΢һЦûнʲô漴ǰȥˣΣҲֻǸȥ
ʱһ䳬éǰˣǰéʱ֪Լĵطˣ
֪֮飬ֻΪ⸽ֻʣһéˣҲԶĵطǽ壬֮⣬أ
é֮󣬸㿴éڰڷŵĶʵЩ̫ںˣط󣬵ȴûжٵĶеֻһʯһʯӼʯʶѣ
´һΪɻĿѾʯµ˵ҵЩ㲻ˣȻӵôǿΪʲôҪƶأһЩ򵥵飬ʹ÷ǿԽ𣿡
һˣд޽ɵô˵Ϊ϶Ҳǲ̫ˣӵȫԼͥйĺһЩ治ţôУȻûһʹ÷ģ
ڸ⣬߲ûϻش𣬶ָָʯʣʾ£ۼˣҲˡ
֮ſʵ֮ǰʱûпɽϵţ
ȻˣæǵͷЩ㲻Щŵʲô˼
΢΢һЦǽ͵һķӡԱǵϢκ˲ЩҲֻǱǵϢ˲ˣʹĻǻᱻ˲ģ뵽취Ǿǽ˵ΪӡȻһɽУ֮㣬Ѿǹˣ
⻰ĵ˵ͷ֮ǰɽڿЩʲôˣȻҲǸĲ࣡
ӦʵĲ˰ɣȻ˵ĻôǲǸˣ
䣬ǿʵ
Ȼʵϸ˿лŲٵҪȥѯǰߣۿ˵ĻȻҲͲٶ˵Щʲôˣűǵ˵ͷȻʰɣ
Ϊʲô֮ͥУҿƺͥеģôأһɣǶǺ֮ǵģôܻһ֮ͥأ
ʵ
飬ǲشһµģΪܾԼΪɵݣѾǱǰ߸ˣôɾûʲôˡ
򵥵һ˼·֮󣬸˵Ȼҿ֮ͥУҲɣұڷģֻΪĳЩĻԵͥƺΪѾתֻԵʣֱڣҲûʲô˷ҵʵݣ
Ŷԭ
⻰ʱߵǻȻĵ˵ͷʱףΪʲôһۿʱûзԼˣԭΪѾֻת˵Եʰ
ֻת֮󣬻ӵµ꣬ӶӦ磬ų⣬Ȼܾ֮ǰ֪ȷʵһȥ˼䣬˼ֻתˣȴһֱδ˸Щ鶼ˣ
ô˼ʱûǵأ֪ӵ˼ˣǶǧ˵İ
ţߺǿ
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⻰ʱ򣬸ǱһȻѾ֪˼䲻ֻͷƴڵģǧ˵ĿҲʵ̫˰ɣ
ƽһµĻ˵ʱ˿̣ƽҲˣ
ʵ̫ˣ
ε̾˿˵ǾתֻأǰļѾɢӰˣûзĻǸͲ֪ԼʵݣҲһЩ飬Ŵ֪ҵʵݣǰļ䣬ȴҲ벻ˣҲ֪˼Ƿǵˣ
˵⻰ʱ򣬸ԺкǸֳԼ֮ǰڰ׹֮мľ죬ȻѾȥܾˣÿµʱ򣬸ȴǾþ޷ƽ
⻰߶ʱҲüͷȻƺҲû뵽ᷢչһĬƬ֮ǿʵΪʲôѵģǿʲôȥʲôطһ£֮ʱǻῴԼ֮ǰģ㿴ʲô
Լ֮ǰģ
⻰һڣɫ±ǱüΪѿΪҪ֪֮ʱĲǱˣǳ˯ڰ׹֮صľ죡
˵Ļ˵Ǿˣ
ϸ룬ƲΪһһģһŮž˵ټ֮ǰľӣɫԽѿ
ѵģȻľ죡
ǿǱʥ˸Ϊǿ찡ɿתֻأҪεתֻأ飬ʵ̫ڻĵˣ
Բԣ϶ģӦ
һʱ䣬
ôˣǲ뵽ʲô
ʱߵ


639 ޿κεս
һ˲Ĺ򣬸ǸæӦ˹漴˵ûУֻЩֶѣΪҾѵʱ򣬲ûп˵־ֻ֪ԼһκһִڣֱڣȻ֪ǵʲôΪʲôһ磿
ڸǰ֮ͬˣԼеЩ뷨ȴҲǲܸκˣΪ뷨ʵЩ̫ڷ˼ˣûеõȷеĴ֮ʱǲκ˵ġ
ţΪת⣬ʳԼһ⣬ǾνɵĴڣΪλһ磿
⻰ߺ˳Ĭ֮УƬ֮Żڵһ磬ҲǺһеͥһĴڣǵĴڱǻҪǿ󣬵Ȼǿȴƣһ磬ԶŴսħе飬ֱһ죬֮սˣһսУеĴڶǳȫ߸ϵ춼սȻ󡭡ǵΪܲסǿˣ鶼һɢˣΣѹͷ챣ǣҰǴͨһͨ
˵һʱǱǴ㳹׵ռ𣿡
һǿʵ
˭֪һ⻰ȴǿЦҡҡͷҲҲǧսԼ磬ǣѾսоţһһ壬֮ʱΪ֮սϣ֮սҲǼΪƵģ֮ʣµľ֮˱ϳһ飬ǿʼսɱ¾֮ˣںϳһ֮ˣĿģҲΪռʵϣģֻúûȥ

⻰ʱ򣬸üͷԭֻΪ˵Ļ֪ʵ̫ˣɨǵ˵һʱ򣬿Ǿһ֮սģôҲ㲻ɣ
˭˵ѣ
ɻ󣬸Ҳûôԥ漴ǿڵ˵Щ飬֪ʵ̫ˣͥҲǴ˲ٵʱˣҲЩ˽ģҵõϢһʱȷʵһһ֮սģģôΪʲôҪս
սΪԸ𣿡˵⻰ʱߺ̾˿ֵҲˣһʱǡøһķ֮սʱĳ漫Ϊңǻû⵽ôµʱһǺǶǷ˹֮£ȻҲֻܳӭսˣ֮ʱһǾȻǶ췢˹ʢŭ֮£̱ɱ԰ټƵɣ޿κεģǱǱһս֮У

һ̾Ϣ߽˵棬һǿȴҲǺǵģϡͿĴ꣬ڻǰˣһ˱Ȼص֮ǰУʣµǣҪôǱץסɱˣҪôӵĵطˣϡͿĴһ꣬ȴһ³̾ɱ
ȻĻΪʲôأӦǺ׾ͽ͵İɣΪʲôҪԵ޹ʵսأ
ʵһսʵ̫Īˣ˫򣬵ȴϡͿĴ˺ü꣬˵ʲô¶
εҡҡͷ˵˫֮ʱս쳣ңв֮أ˲Ϣȥﻹ˹˵飬Ҽͣ˼Ļ𣿡
⻰˳Ĭ֮УƬ֮ʵͥǵľס֮һΣյĵطˣΪʲôǻѡأȥ˼䣬Ҳܱõöɣ

һ̾Ϣߺվߵſ֮૵˵Ϊû뵽֮ǰտʼʱǱһǧ˵ģΪѰ뿪İ취ٶˣ˵ȥԻʣ˵İȫҲֵõģϧǣʼջûҵ뿪İ취ÿ֮ʱǻᱻͥǲӶ⵽ɱ֮Ϊ˱ʣµˣεĶˣ
ԭ
⻰漴˼ĵ˵ͷΪºŵĽɣ˰죬ԭŵĽΪĲֹǲ룬һΪ˲Щɳȥ
ʱȻ뵽һΪҪ⣬ԥһ֮ǿʵǡصȥ𣿡
νĻȥָȻǻȥЩԭˣᣬûҪ뿪磬Ϊ֮ǰ˭ֻʲô飬Ȼģ
Уļˡİ˻ǣȫûκε뿪磬֮ԻʣȻֻΪЩˡ
ϾȻԼһȥǰЩȴˣ
޿ܣ
û˿ԥߺֱӿ˵ƺǵĸ˽⣬漴ǽ͵ͨʱǼ˾֮ģȫѲ٣λصȥ˵ˣǻȥʲôãǵһ磬Ѿ޷ˣЩĴڣȥҲֻѣ
⻰кһǿ˵ô˵Ļô֮ǰȻȥǡ
ʣµĻͻȻ˵ˡ
ţǴߵеõ˴𰸣ףԼĹȻǶԵģ֮ǰȻȥɹȻȫȥˣЩ죬˭֪ǷҲȥأ
һʱ䣬뵽˾죬Ȼǲ˵ģ˸漴ҲͲȥˡ
ܵ˵ص֮ǰ磬ѾǶ޿ˣ
뵽ʱ򣬸̾˿
䣡
ʱһֵȻȴһӰѸŵĴʯϱ
ˣһżĿߵôҪˣͥѾǷǵĴڣʱ˿̣ǵһԱǧ콫׽ˣò˶õĹ͸ҵˣǸϽ뿪ɣ
뿪
һ⻰ЦĸһĪ˵ŵô°ղɽʱǱŵòᰡôˣ
Żûѯʵʱߺǿˡ
ͥеһٻ֮ˣ֮⣬Ѿ޴ȥˣ꣬ǣѾ޷ˣȻ˵Ļôƴһˣ
˵ʱߵϺһ˿ɫΪͥǾ޷ҵģ˭֪ȻǱأȻ˵Ļ޿ˣҲֻƴˡ
Ȼ⻰ЩˣΪԣЩɾȻ׼ˣ
֮ǰǸǽ⿪ӡĻĸֱּȥţëˣԸԪ˧ǧ콫ȻҲʲôˣ
֮أ
Ҫ֪֮ͥУɲֹԪ˧ģ
㳲ôʣͥ϶Ҳǻɳģʥ֮ľͲ˵ˣΪ⻹ûҪʥ˳ֵĵزǼλ۾ȴЩ˵ˡ
ޱۻ۳ֵĻôֻЩɿ϶ȫɱģ
飬ǾԲԸ⿴ģر֪еʵֻһ֮ӲԸ⿴ˣ
УζҪֹ飡
ţվȻֱſ˹ȥɽľ㿪ڵа취Ǵȥ˼أ
ʲô
һ⻰ߵϵ±ֳһ˿˼ɫǸæ˵ⲻܣѾԹˣǸ޷뿪ģ
֪һȻ˵ֻΪûҶѣ
˵⻰һ˿˼ɣ漴һץסߵļ򣬽һĹ˺ǳһƬİĵطʣȻǸռˣ
ߵʵΪʵѾ׼Ԫ޽ɼˣ˵ʲô鶼ǼģӦûʲô˲ŶԣǰƬĿռʱȴһӱ𾪵˵ˡ
ȵĲǸӵһռ䣬ǸӵеƬռ䣬Ȼһģͺһһ
ΪղѾȷ˸Լˣû׼Ҫһ亹ˣ
ǰռ䣬ǿ˵֮ǰţ԰ͻȥĻͰͻȥڿǾûˣֲĿǱɱֻǴȥ˼ˣֻҪȫôҾǿ԰Ǵȥģ
˵⻰ǿտƾģΪ֮ǰǴŹţҰȻĻص˼䣬ϴεľȻҲᳵ·ˣ
ţ뵽һΪֵ⣬漴ǿߵ˵Ҵ뿪֮ǰǵȴӦһ飡


640 ʿ
Щ뿪ͥڸ˵ʲô£Ժռ䣬ڸҲʲô£ĵģֻЩɵ˼֮󣬻᲻ᰲѵĴռУ
ϾȻǴ˿̿ͨһ޶Ǹȴ˿СӣΪǽ⿪˷ӡĻЩ˿ɾ޷ƵģϾȹ壬Щɶ񰡣
ʱЩʲô˼Ӷ˼ǳʲô鷳ôɾˣ
ڴ֮ǰЩ黹˵ĺã
ͬʱһԵҲڷӦ˹û˿ԥ±ǸæӦ˵ɣֻҪܴ뿪Ī˵һˣǧҲǻӦģ
ҡͷǧǲãҪǴӦܼ򵥣ϣҰǴ˼ʱǲҪ˼ӴֻסϾ˼䣬ҲģǱ˲ǵĴڣôʱ˵ˣҲģ
⻰ߵɫ±ǻ֮ǰŸ׻Ӧʲôأû뵽Ȼһ򵥵飡
ʼգ˼䶼ûʲôȤģģֻһݿ԰ľ
漴߱ǵͷģҿ㱣ֻ֤ҪܹǴ˼䣬ǾԲ̤ⷽһģ
ߵŵ˿漴Ǵ߳ռ䡣
֮ȲһЩ飬Ҳһһشˣţ߱ǴҴȥˣ׼֪ǵˣۼˣҲֻĵĵ
ȴʱȴΪģԭֻΪʱ˿̣֪浽Ƿʲô飬Ҳ֪Ԫ˧콫᲻ӶǱԪ˧飬ôˣ
ڸĵȴУߵ
û˿ԥֱ˹ȥʱ˿̣ʱ̫ˣ
ŵһ˲䣬ǿǰһȺˣһɨ㷢Щ붼ˣ
е˶𣿡
ǰһȺ֮󣬸Աߵʵ
ߵͷˣ
԰ɣ⻰üͷȻָŵվڲԶ˵أǲһ뿪𣿡
⻰һڣǲߵɫ±ǱЩѿжʱһ档
Żûڣߺ˵ˣֻҪǴ߾Ϳˣǻǵ񣡡

⻰кһɻ󣬽Żû⵽ôµʱ򣬽µغʯǴɽⳡֱͺʲôȻڹɽһ㡣
£ɫǱѿΪ֪ЩѾҵˣ
û˿ԥ±ֱӽռ˿ȻֻһһߵͨǳߣͨͷȻͨռˣ
㣬ϽȥǱҪ뿪
ЩżĶǰЩɷԸ
ȻĻǰЩȴΪԥȻѾ˵ǰĸҲǵˣǰרΪ˾뿪ģʼջ޷Ÿ
ۼˣһԵߵҲǸæߴٵǻŸʲôѵ𣿻Ͻȥ
ЩɲŸǶȴǼΪŷģ⻰֮˽ȥ
һʱɽǻζĸΪˣԽԽʯ鿪ʼɽϷСԼȭͷСľȻĥǰˣ
˿̣ԻڵȴŽռ䡣
кһźǶŲԶ˺ˣڰɣ
⻰һڣԶ͵һ𣬽źǱ۾ɫҲǱΪ
ͷ͵һ˵ǰɣѵЩڽ⿪ڵӡ
Ȼ飬ӡ֤е뷨
ûκԤ׵ģһɼΪǿɽе˿ĸɳɳ˿̵ĸѾϾ˼ˣһԾ˹ȥ
֮ǰǸӵд޽ΪɣǰɵΪǲһЩȴҲǴˣΪҲǿҪӽ޽ˣ
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ţ˹Щھս֮űһģ֮Ǿ˷֮սһ֮սУѾȥˣģ϶Ҳһһĸˣ
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绰ܿͽͨˣҲûôԥ±ʳйʢµһЩ⻰ʱ򣬵绰ͷȴҲЩ֧֧
һаֻ֮ǽ칦˳Լ͸©ԼҵĹϵǳ͸©һЩ顣
ҵİ£Ϊ¡ص飬ÿ쵽һʱҷɢص˶ϻˣػ˸λصҵˣҲǧˣڼҼҴҵȴҲ޷ô˵ģȷʵҲǮȻǻһǮһϵķȫǿ⣡
⻰ʱ򣬸ֱЩɵˣΪνĽӦֻǶ˽ģһӾȻǧˣеӵ˰
ǧ˵Ĵ棬ԼʵûаտHOLDס
ţؽĽУ˿Ϊ˵е˶Լ˵ģΪķּˣǾ޷˵ģ
˾סĵطһǧƽ׵ĹУ⹬λڼΪĵطǧǰרΪӭ˽ģΪɵĵط˽ȻҲڴ˴ˣǰ棬һԼƽ׵Ŀյأյǰһ̨˽ĵطˣ
յ֮УҵӣҲ˵Ȼҵǧڣܼ˵ģҲֻ˶ѣˣֻˣԶһЩģˣ
⻰Ƿ
ȴǲɵǽΪ죬ȥҽʱˣ
֮ǰΪԼѾе׼ڿԼ׼Ĳְ
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֮ǰҪȥϴϾô˵Ҳ𣬲⻰˵ϾǱƱˣ֮ڷƵĽУ˹
ԭѾ֪˷ȥУһֱǼװ֪ѣڽƹڼʵҲѣ˼ͺˡ
⻰ҲֻǴӦˡ
Էʱ򣬿һƲֵģ굱±Щʵ磬ôֲˣǲʲô鷳˰

̾һ֮󣬸Ƶ˵ΪȥҽָˣֱڣҶûõ׸ôȥң
⻰һԵĺ͹Ҳüͷ
Ƭ֮󣬺һתȻΪϲĿŸ뵽ˣ뵽ˣ磬뵽취ˣ
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⻰ʱҲ˼ֵȤæʲô취Ͻ˵
һЦȻ˵磬֮һֱ飬޷ֻΪ±֪ʵݣӶǣ˼԰ɣ
ûͷµľ׼һֱ˼ҵģҲһߣһĻôҽأϾ˿ǲܴ˼İǽҵʵݸǵĻô˼ǳ׵ĻˣҲһֱҰ
Ȼ㲻ԣͽȴǿԵİ֮ǰѾ˵ˣȻ㲢ûаΪʦʵҲǰĵˣȻ˵ĻĵӦҲһ˰ɣ
գգ۾һЦĿ˵
ͽܣ
ʵʱ򣬸Ժкǳ˰ҹģǰ˰ֵвУôܰѰҹǣأһȥҾѾǹ䶯ˣôܴŰҹȥأвУ
ˣ˵ͽܲǰҹ˵ģˣ
ʱһԵĹЦſ˵
һ⻰еЩͿΪò˰ҹ֮⣬Ӧûʲôͽ˰ɣСӵҲһСԶͥԼû߹͹Сӵ飬ӦҲǲ֪İ
Ȼ˵Ļô˵ͽ˭أ
ţһƵ͹˹ȥ


647 ңˣ
ۿŸģ굱һЦȻǿʼ
˺İ취֮󣬸˲ǰһ֮ǰַҲɢˣ
İ취˵Ҳܼ򵥣ǾǸȥҽʱȲҪԼĿʾˣȻٽԼ˼ˡ
Ĺؼˣ
ԼҪ˼Ϣ֮󣬸ҪһϢǾԼȻ˼ͣȴҪгʱıչأκ˴ţµĻתԼ˼ͽܣȻͽת
νͽܣǱˣǸԼ
˵ϣҲ˹˵İ취ʲô취ˣ
ԼͽҲԼǰ˲֪֪ģȴֻǺߣ
ò˵⻹һİ취ԼֻҪңе֮һͷĹоͺˣ飬Ȼ˵ͽˣ
˵ҲԼΪĿĽ㣬ǱԼ֮ǰĵ飬ֱǺʮֹ
ҵӳ羴ˣƱǲⴳ˵ľס֮˭ֻ֪νʵԼأ
ֻҪˣôԼǰݾȻһˣȻݲһ㣬Ǵӱ˵ȴһɣ
һ飬ܲԼʵݱ֪⻹һ˫񰡣
ţʱкһ󼤶źվһӵ
С꣬ǰҵĴæ˰
һ˷ܵں˵
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ҵڼλڻϽʡˮУڵлŲٵľģΪ˱֤βʲôջǾͳ
˵ȥҵʱҪͥȥģԼе֮ԼġͽܡҲ͸óˣΪ˲ε¶һԼбҪǰ׼һµģ
ȥˮв֮ǰȥУεҪе򵥶ˣȻҲǲҪôˣһĺͰϫǴ˸кǴźܾš
ҳȵ˱ˮеʱȻˡ
ΪͥʱѾ֪ڼڵľλãԸֱ㿪˾ڼһϣСȻǱˣ
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ƺֻǽӴ˰
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ң治һĸԣأ
ţҡҡͷűǴźܾȥ˷䡣
ϳԹ֮󣬸ģ漴ǲͨصĵ绰֮󣬵绰ǽͨˡ
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ЦĺˣҼȻôȻʮİտԽȥģǵˣһҪҵļӭң
绰ͷһ⻰漴̾˿ҿǷ˰ɣȻ֪εڲΪҪ飬ֻҵ˲ſԲμӵģ칦㲻ҲǾ޷ģ
˵ͻȻøʵ̫ûбҪˣΪԼûдҪ͸©Щʲô뵽εЦЦ
ˣȲ˵ˣ˵Ҳδػţǵ˵ɣˣأ
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ΣضŻʢϼϾһĴ£ǧһһֱֻ˲μӵģûйˣ޳ȥŮ˶У칦пܺʲôܴԨԴոߣֻƾһ㣬ζˣ
Ȼţ绰ͷĸţȻҲǲ˵Щʲôˣһ֮ǹҶ˵绰
õķһ˫˷ķټķаڷŴԼ˯һţһȻǸܾ˯ˣܾȴûڴϣһվ˸ĴͷɫΪЩš
տʼЩףǽһĹǷӦˣ漴Щ
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˵
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£˵úܾȥˣЩΣˣ
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ռڵЩɣȻ֮ǰͨı££Ϊ˲ͥǷǵĴڣǲܶκεֻΪһͨռڡ
Ȼ˵Ļôǿ϶ҲҪģڽܾ֧ߣٺòˡ
ȻԺܾԸ񣬼ҲԸκεӰ죬Ϊ˱֤һʧǾҪܾ֧ߡ
ڸܾȻҲ޳ɵģϾЩˣȷʵֺޣ
ţû˿ԥֱӱǽܾսռ䡣
æһ֮󣬸ɻ˴ϣһ콫Ҫ飬Ц
ңˣ
֪ʱ˯˹ȥ
һһ磬κ˴ߴ٣ı죬ΪԼѾĹˣһ죬ŷԼˣֻʱ˿̣Ĺſڣۼһˡ
ЩУͽܡвٵŮۿŸǰһ˺һ±ӿűǲŸˡ
ĸľżһı˸˽ȥ
ȻǴȥ˼ģôͷȻǲ˿ˣǴ㴩֮ǰõǼ·ȥ˼ģŮһɢŽóʱ򣬸ԹԵıͣ
Ϊ·ôǱ֮ǰеõ·Ҫǿöˣ


648 ôſᣡ
ûã֮ǰˣ
˿̵ͷڣ˿£̤ɷѥޱȵ磬ΪԼͲ̫ʴ·ԵʣĵǾȻڸʩ˸ͷ˲ǳ˳⵱øЩˡ
һ֮󣬿žеԼ»̲ס̾û뵽ԭԼ磬ȻҲݣ
ۼˣһԵӵһЦȻǰԸ˵ôСʦܣװ绹ɣ֪·ʦΪ㶨Ƶأ˿£ͥҲǲɶõıǵɽ𺣣Ҳֺ

⻰˲ǰһ˵֮ǰѾµ˿²һĶȴҲûϵ˿¾ȻΪƵģ
һ·ϣøһ޷İ
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۾ӵʦȻҲǳƺΪʦˣȻԳƺΪʦ֣Ƕⶫ۾ȴǲܺһֱӺʦˡ
Ͼ˵ףɨǵͽܣȻѧ˶۵Ĺõ˶۾ʶȴȻǶ۾ͽܣ
ۼˣӵЦŵ˵ͷ뵽ʲôȻкһââɢֻ֮кǳһöصƶ
ƶʱ򣬸ǷֹΪҲͥ˲ٵʱˣͥһЩҲʮֵϤˣֻһۣ±˳ƶ֮ͥеĶҲĶΪͥĶ涼дͥǣƶ棬ȴûЩǣһЩķš
ʲô
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Цȥ˼䣬˵ӦûʲôΣյģΪһʧǵǰЩ׼źãƶҺļλʦֵһģӡǸԵЩȻ࣬Σʱ̣ǿõģʲôµĻҲͨƶϵǣҲ͸ɣ
ҿô
⻰ǰ˲һû뵽ǰö۵СƶȻôô
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⻰˼ĵ˵ͷ漴Ц˵Ȼ˵ĻôҾɣ
˵⻰ǻеķţǲǷ֮ϣһ󵭵ĽƮ漴ɢӰˡ
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ģ⣬ȻǸýˣڸ£ӵʩһ
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⻰˵ˣԼȥҿΪ˽ȥģΪ˴ܣ˵ˣ˽һȥģ
飬ȻǱˣµҲʲô¶ˡ
ʱе鶼ѾæˣĵǵǴŸһͥԺУֻͥԺмĿյһ鼫Ϊߴʯ̨滹һЩΪӵķš
ʯ̨֮ǰ˵ʯֱ̨ͨ˼ңֻҪվʯ̨ϣȻ󷨣Ƭ̣ᵽ˼ȥˣ
ʣڸ˵һϢˣϾҪԼȥĻǿһʮ鷳飬ҲڲҲ֪ʯ̨ôеɵĽˣ
ţ뵽ʲôȻһкΪȻһԵӵʦ֣ôûʦͶ۾أѵû𣿡
飬˵һ¶ˣɨ˵ȻҲһΪҪˣԼҪˣȴǲɨǺӰȻЩɻˡ
Ȼ⻰ȴǺüͷſСʦԶ˼䣬֪ͥȻǳ˴£ڲ֮ǰһֱͥеɾȻֳˣȻԪ˧۵ѹºܿͱˣȴЩĲ£ȻּŭǾʦȥˣ
Ŷԭ
⻰ʱ򣬸кһһ˲Ĺ漴ǷӦ˹ȻװµĶӵ˵ͷ
飬֮ǰѾ뵽ˣϾɵʵ̫أɲпܷĳ뵽ˣ⻰ʱҲ΢΢һ漴һ˿쳣ˡ
ɵ飬øΪͷ۵һ⣬˼뻹ã֮ͥУȴǲȥˣ
ʱ䵽ˣ
䣬Ҳ֪˭һ䣬ֻ̨ϺһΪ۵Բιââķİ˵ء
ʱ򣬸֪ԼҪˣ
Сʦܣһ·˳磡
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лʦ֣лλʦʦ㣬Сˣ
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ţһ˿ԥֱӱǴ̨ȥ
û봫̨ϵԲιâʱֻǰĳһӱǿٵı仯ֻգۼĹˣȻǳ죬һǳһֻʱ˿̣ȻѾǿҪľˣ
Ұ֮ǰļ䣬˿µĵطȻεĿĵң
ԲۣҲ̫˰ɣ
֮ǰҲ⴫̨ٶȻܿ죬ǿ쵽һȴǴĳ˸֮⣡
ȻʱĸȻϾ˼ˣΪ˿̣ȻǾ治ǧ׵ľˣ
䣡
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⵹ǸҪΪЩҵˣ֮ǰͥʱλҽ˸߸˼֮Ҫɵϣǧܸɶһ⻰ȻҲǷֹ±ϾλҲоˣ֪һЩǺõġ
õϢȴøЩΪλòƲûʲôİ취Ψһİ취һ֣
û˵ľϵ˼߿ԣ֮ҪʱҪ˵ʱҪ·ʱҲҪ֮֮ǰҽľֻһ־ͿԹᴩˣ
Ŀģ޷ҲΪҵĵǸΪˣȻ˼޵ľģôȥˣʼûһõɵģ취Ҳôð
Ȼ¶ûκεľ飬ȻҲ޴ӷˣֻǴ˵Ļ϶ҲνģҪ֪ǰǴŶ۾ģôȻҲֻˣ
֮˵ˣʵһװ֮ãôװôôţô
ȻĻǾֻЩҵǶһˡ
ţ漴ڴ̨Ȼʼ˼һô
˲ڣ̨µҵȻҲǲģұ˵ˣ˼ֱҶһ£ΨԼһǵ˲ˣĻôɾ鷳˰


649 û
Խÿһλ˽٣ϸĻΪֹȻнӴʮλˣǰλǵʮλˣ
ЩͥɣƢǸͬģͨһǧ˾ȻҲܽһרԽӴ˵Ĺأ
صĵһǲֱ˵۾
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ţһϺǷһĹâƬ̼ĹâʧˣȴѾ֪Ӧûʲô˿ϳԼĿˡ
Ȼڸ˿̵ȻֻһʮëͷСӣ˿˿̳⴫̨ϵģȴһλԼʮƮݵˣ
һ֮󣬸漴վԼϵ·ţǰڵصҵ˹ȥ
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˵ʱеҵǿ϶ȲȥϾ˽ٵĻᣬһһΰһУҲֻΨһһλģ
ȴЩˣΪȻѾǿ˿ڣ̨µЩҵȴûֹǰļλҳϣеľȻǺµĲ
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ȻµˣôǾʸ񷢺ʩˣҾ˸ΥҲûôԥ±ֵҼڣٱ
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⻰̨µҵﻹԥ£ǰһ˺ǰ˼ȻͶ״ˣҼӲμˣ
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˽ٷ䣬ҰһĴ£ΪҵάȻҲǿ϶˰ɣ
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ǰһУͱȽϴˣάӰȻǺܺñϳˡ
άʱ򣬸Ǻһ׽Цݡ
֮ǰȺܾʱάûٸ鷳ǰ׷ڻ޵ʱάȻҲǲʱ˵ĳˣȻǴûǳʲô鷳ȴѺܾ˵Ĳᡣ
ԼάҲԩ·խˣ
ȻôԵҪǲһһʵеԲεĻᰡ
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˵ţǼ˼
Ȼһ⻰ȴǱŵĲᣬҪ֪˽ٷҰһεĴ£ⱲӴҲֻһεĻˣҪλ˸ĻȥͥĻôǼеǧ˰
ʵֹֻģҵҲˣôҲû뵽һԲ֮¾ȻҪ뿪ˣ
꣬˰
һʱ䣬Щҵǵ±Ƿ׷̧ͷ˹˲۵ģһѤĽ⡣
·ıһ·ɱȣȻ˿ʲôرĵطҵǿ˿̵ֱǵﱤˣ
εĶȴƫƫɻƽǧϲ˿Ƴɵģ·ķȻǽʵ廯ˣϣøһּصĸо
֮ǰѾڲٵĵп˹˽ٷĳ棬ǿǰ֮ʱЩҵȴǱ𾪵ˣ
Ȼ۽ǷỨȻְȥ
˿ȴǶ˶ƾٶλҵӹۿߣЩҵӵҲʮֵĶأʱ򲻸ӡ
ˡǵԭ£д
ʱǷӦ˹ţû˿ԥ͵ذȥ
ţͺӦһģҵҲƿͷһ°ȥغǻָ֮ǰĳ棬ĸһΡ
Ǹղ˵ʲôţ
Щͷ۵Ŀǰ˵֮ǰ˵ԼҼ֮ʱԴӿˡάĸ֣˵֣Ȼûס
⻰ҵæǴˣ
ţǰɣܺãҲ𣿡

ܡӲң
Щ͵ػص
ȻңȨƵˣȨޣҲֻҺ˼ˣˣȨʲôô
ô
ȻңΪλ
ֵ
ԣﻹаֵ飬æȻֶŸ΢΢һݵлˣ
ţ
΢΢ĵ˵ͷʵ㣬֮ǰʱΪǾȻһ֮˵ʲôдô£ϸϸ˵Ǹаɾģ
֮ǰЩҵӲʱ򣬸ѾǲЩԾˣղ˵ʲôд漴˹
ҵ滹ǷһЩõ飬ҼпǸεйأ
һ˲ҲǹȤΪ˱֤Щõ飬˵ʱҲΪ
ʱȻǲ˿ˣϾµǰλˣһһεʢǱˣôˣ
֯һ֮һǵĿˣûˣ
ɶ
һ˵ʱ򣬸ӺһЩҪӴ̨ϵȥˣôҲû뵽֮ˣȻΪ飡
Դǧ֮ǰдһλ֮Ϊд˵ıر֮֮ǰλ˸½ʱȻûҲΪˣǧһһֱڻΪľһ죡
εҲǽչļΪ˳ģȻ࣬дȴ㹻ˣ˭֪ͷȻƽ˸ͷ
ǵһſֵܵļƷûˣȻò׵ҲǾһİ˸ȥˣ
⵹ҲˣϾڲ϶ҲǴŲٵģΪȻҲӦˣôҲû뵽ǣĳһϣеȻǱ˸͵ˣ
ǵ˱͵ˣȻһЩ׼д˵˲ɲҲһ͵ˣ
ֱ֪֮Ҫˣɲ˲֮ĶûˣԴӱ𴦹򣬵ûˣȴûˣȻʱ޲ýǸ͵ʬΣƽ֮˹Ҫʲô
Ѿûˣǳ׵׵ûˣһʱҵİ˸ˣȥҵЩҲҪʮʱģ˽ٵӾͿҪˣҲˣ
ҪĹͷ鱻֪Ļֻ»ܶ벻鷳գϢԼڼҵһЩ֪֮⣬Ҳû֪ģ˿ڳЩˣǲ֪ģ
˽ǧĴͳ˭Ҳû뵽ͳȻڴ˿̾ҪˣΪҪǣûָγͷأ
һʱ䣬еҵӶǳһ亹ҳˣǴ˿̣ڵȺǰλ˵֮ŭ


650 ƺ
Ȼ˿̵ĸȴŭأϾ˲֪Լ᲻֪
ҵԼߵģôùЩҵأ
˵£ֻǵ˵ͷȻʮֵȻ˵ȻûǾû˰ɣĶҲһģɣ

һ⻰еҵǵ𾪵˹
֪֮ǰλ˶Ȼǻᷢŭģ˭֪˾Ȼ赭дƹǡ
⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣ
֮࣬вٵҵӿʼǲλʵѾˣֻʱķӦ˲һѣ
Ȼʵϸǵûһ˿Ǳޱ泩
ֶ˵ȷʵŲٵôģΪ̺֮һֻıΪ̷֮ӲٵĹ
ȻҲֻǶ֮Ĵڶˣڷ˵ȴǰٺġ
;ķҲͬǻ޷ģټںͬ˲ɻ⣬˼ǣζǲʳģ
ڸ˵Ҳǲɷõģһ޷ǾΪкԼܹ⣬ڶôȻΪ֮ǰ͹ʳ֮ĳˣ
ʳһ֮󣬺ǶҪµʱԼĺǿʱҲҪİɣڸ˵ʵ̫鷳ˣ
ȻҪģǸѹͲҪʳӹϾһȪˮȪˮǱĶˣ
֮ǰڵģ֮ҵҪĸô죿⵽ǳԻǲأϾ֮ǰҵǿɶǼΪϲģԼҪǲԵĻ᲻е˵ȥ
֮ǰΪ˺ܾãڿ֮ǰĵȫûбҪ
Ѿûˣһʲôأ
ţЦ
ţ鵽̨µάжʱһ⡣
ȣ
ֻһȣҵ˲ǳһ˵¹˵ϣΪ˭֪˶ȻлҪ˵ˡ
ķӦΪģ˵ЩװƣҵĿģʵ˵˾װƶѣһҪװñƣװıƣ
򵥵֯һ֮󣬸ǿ̨µҵ˵ɺ֮ǰЩ·ʦǲֶͬǺģƽֻȺãһƣǳ㣬ҪõģȻҲҪõģ
һ⻰̨¹ŵ˿Ŷ˶Ȼǻ֮ŭģû뵽ǣȴû˿˼ףȻֻΪϲֻϲƺͳ㣡
Ȼ֮ǰЩɶȷʵЩЩµ˵ȴòˣ
ϾѵãƺȴǲѴ֮ˣ£ҵĳŲٵĺþƺͺ㣬¼ֱҪ̫ˣ
ȵȡ
һ뵽к͵һΪͻȻԼʵ̫ˣȻֻ˵ҪȾƺͳ㣬νĺȾƣָһľˮһࣿ
ҪȵɾƣҪԵ㣬ôѶȿ˿ڻȡѶȰ
ţϺǳһϸܵĺ顣
ʱȴҲû֮ǰǰ㵣ˣΪӸղŵ̸λ˵Ƣǲģ֮ǰЩ˿Ǻֹˣ
˼һʵô֪ʲôƣʲô㣿ֻҪеģȻǸҲҪΪȡ
һ⻰е±һ֣˵ҲǹģȻһӾͰƺˡ
Ҫ˵Ļ仰ʵҲûʲôرʵĵطΨһõģǾ䡰еġ
仰֮ǣҪȾƳû£ֻҪеģҶܰҪҪϵɾƣϵ㣬ôҿû취ˣ
Ȼ仰û˵Ҳ˵֮̾ˣʵҲô⣬ΪһʼʱûҪʲôƳʲô㣬֮Ի˵޷ǾΪ˱άˡ
ʱԴһΪͻȻ뵽ˣԼһҾƳѵεĻᣬνˮβεĻԼҾƳأ
ţкһ֣ǿ˵ҷģȻ˼䣬ôҪƷȻ˼Ķˣ˼һطյסطʢ𻨾ƣõģһĹ𻨾ƣҺ˵֮Իĺþƣ޷ǾΪյԵˣҪȵģպĹ𻨾ƣ
⻰̨µҵΪȻ˶˵շҵĹ£ȴû뵽վȻҲĴڵģû뵽ǣվȻڰа˼ĺˣ
⡭⻹Щ˼
ˣ˵ĻЩҵȻŵģһ뵽˼ȻͥɶΪȵɾƣ±вϲȾƵҵҲǴ
ϾָܱģһľƣֻǿͥɾһҺɣ
ʱҲ˿Ϊ˻ʲôǰ첻飬ȷʵԼˣȻҪ˼ľƣôͼ򵥶ˣֻҪǮ򵽵ĶԶʲô£˲ҪȾԾֱӽǼҾƳˣȸ
ţЩΪȻƵˣ⻹ûأǲᶯĶҲˣȴǻ˵һ˭֪㣬ǿɾ˰
ţĺ
ˣʲôأ
Ƭ֮ʵ
ֵ㵱Ȼͨˣ֮ͨȴֲͨ»ǵĶάˣȻȻǵˣ
뵽ά˹ȥʱ˿̣άȴǺҵһǹڵϣͷû̧óˣҵĵҲ쳣ذ
ˣȴǱҪάˣ˵ֻǸάҵʱ֧
ϾԼҪԼͽܵˣνͽܣָȻҲԼˣ
֮ǰάǶãǾãԼȻҵʱΪ˲ʲô鷳άʱҪˣ
֮ˣνˣΪЩˣҲǲʲô鷳ġ
ţ˵˼һͥʢ㣬ҪģȻˡ
㣿Ȼֻ㣿
⻰ʱֱе㲻ԼĶˣΪʵ̫ˣͥҲһǧ๫ˣҲһԣ˵Ҫ󣬸ûκεѶȰ
ʱ
ֻҪ糤ءƬģΪģһ粻ɣһҲɣһֲУһҲУһƬУһƬҲУȻʧȥԭеζ
ȵ˵⻰ʱѾЩˣҲһ˲䣬ͻȻԼղôô桭
㣬Ƕͥѵðе㶼һĴһ
ͨҪȻǲˣǰλˣҵһٶŵȵˣ˵ҪˣҪ⣬Ҳºȥ׽
ֶҪԿ϶ǵ˲ųԣһĻ˭ϵó֮ǰģ
Ŀȥ׽Ūһ£ʣȻǲҵģΪһһҪǱ˷˵Ļôɾǳ׵군ˣ
ϣǹ𻨾ƺ糤ءƬĶͥ𣿾ǰѶͥȫץҲҪҵ㣡
һʱ䣬кҲǷ˺ݡ
ţǶŸݵԵЩʱգϾǰȥ
ˣȻǱģôɱίΰɣɵ㵽˭ˣ˭ȥ°ɣ㿴ˣ
˵⻰±άָ˹ȥ
ͻȻľٶ±ЩͷˣԴˣȻҲûκεģۿ˾Ȼһ͵㵽ԼĶӣ˲һϲ
˵Լӵݺͱ°ʵЩ̫ڴСˣ¼ȻָģôҲûʲôС¶ˣôˣƫƫһӾԼĶӣ˵ʮֿԼĶ
֪ȻȷʵʮֵĿά֮ԵҪάȥ飬ȴȫֻǳڱԣֻǵάҵȥϣҪǳʲô鷳
һ뵽άºĳЩЦ


651 
鵹Ǳļ򵥶ˣָȻƬ̶󲻵õģά֮⣬һָλҵӣһָ˲亰˵֡
ά巽ǧһ
ֵҵӣ±ǴҴҵ߳ȺȻǰĵطȺһָʾ
ά֣ʵǽв˵֣⵹ҲûʲôϵˣΪ£ά϶Ǳ뿪һʱˣʱԼҵĵλѾȹ̵ĲȹˣҲʲô鷳ˡ
΢΢˵ͷ˲⣬±Ƕάλҵ˵ղŵǶ˰ɣҲǲҪٶЩʲôˣά巽ǧһͽˣƵ飬ͽĸˣȥɣ
⻰жʱҲһ֣û뵽ȻĻ齻άȥԸˡ
ھƵ飬϶ҪϼˣˣŻὫ齻άȥΪԼĶ
˺ҼķԸάǼҵȻǲ˿ĵŸһ֮ǴҴҵ˳ȥ˳ȥʱĿʼûά˳ȥʱȴͻȻһۡ
Ȼģʼֻһ˵ģӵķȻҲνˡ
λҵӳŵʱ򣬹ǧλҵǶʱһĽά˹ΪҪ֪οǵ˵ȥµģǺεȵҫ
¹ش˵Ҫ̫ڿ̣Ϊܹ飬άǶŹһЩҵ˵εЩѰ죬Ҳˣһȥɣ
⻰һڣ±Ųٵҵȿֺĳһʮҫˡ
ȻҪȥ£ôȻ˽ʱ䣬ҪǰĻ϶һ˴Ϊɥ飬Ҫ֪ȴǲͬˣ߿Ƽ֮ĶҲʤҪ˽ľ󣬵ټ򵥲ˡ
ȻҲûôĵӸҽ˸¼ֻⳡа˲ٵ¼豸ѣ˽ʲôǶǿ¼ˣ
Ͼ˽ĶЩ޷ģȱȻ뿪֮ϸϸоºˡ
Ƭ֮кǻָƽľ籾ƺǽʱˣ˽һǿȻĪĻԵҲδɣ˵£еҵΪ
ϧǣȴǲûдҪʲôϾԼľ籾Ǻвͬġ
ȣ
һȣǽҵǵĿⶼ˹ſ˵ţҪ£һʦ˼ҽģһ±ԼҪǵģǿɵϸˣ
ɶʦ˼ң
һ⻰̨¹ŵҵǼֱǿҪϲˣΪ˭֪λ˿еʦȻλ֮ͥкպĶ۾ˣͬʱҲǵʦү
ȻʦүȻûЩͽͽﰡ
һ뵽̨µҵǶʱЩӯ
ʱ򣬸ȴûȥЩҵʲôˣģҪ˵顣
֮ǰĴ㣬ҪģǽԼҪפ˼ЩҵӣȻһڱչأӶԼͽܡҲԼƵҵǰ
֮飬ȻԼȴǴһˡ
Ƭ֮󣬸ǻ˵һ£Ǳ·ˣ˵ͥǲ·ģ⣬˲ٵ֮󣬱ɷǵ·ˣʦҪ˼פһʱ䣬黹ûпһ꣬Ҳпʮ֮꣬ɱҪȵʦٻſԻȥ
ƺΪʦʵҲЩŤģҲû취鰡˭ݾͽأ
䣬кһƬţеҵϣ±ǳһֲ˼ɫ
˽ٷʱٵĴһͻصͥȥˣҲǴһҵʱѣȻʮϣ˿Զ˼Щʱգ˵ȥǿ赲ģ
أ
λ˾ȻҪפ˼ģҲҪ˼ϸһ꣬ʮ꣬еҵ˵ֱǲ˼飡
Ϊ飬òЩ̫˰ɣ
ŷҮ
ʱͻȻǴһȻ󣬵˲仹ǽеҵǸһʱ䣬еҵ϶ǳһΪϲģߣȻϲˣ
ΪҼϢ֮ȻҲǼΪ𺳵ģ˲Ĺе𺳺ǻһ޷Ŀϲ
Ҫפأζʲô
ζԺǰ;ζ֮УܿҪõˣ
ΪҼܲأ
ţʲôæеĿϲǶŸһݣȻֵ֪Ҫĵڶʲôأϴ
ûǣ˻һҪأ
ҪµĻ϶ǻһ鶼˵ģ£ȴûôˣΪøЩҵһ㷴Ӧʱ䣬ϾԼ˵ǶԣǺѽܵģ
ʱ򣬸ǿڵڶ飬ǱԼˣȻɿԴ˼䣬ΪĳЩԭ򣬱ȴҪչһʱģڵҪչضãȴҲǲ˵ˣ
չأ
⻰Ƥһһʱкӿһ˿õԤУΪչ飬ԼҲйÿƿ֮ʱȥչԳƿ
չʱĳ̣ҲǲÿƵģпʮ£Ҳпһ꣬һΣȻֱӱչ꣡
֮У˳Ժ֮⣬һһɹģҲûмκεˡ
ˣ˵ıչˣû׼ʮ궼пܰɣ
ţкҲЩǳΪһչصĻ϶ǲӼκ˵ģʱ򽲵֮϶ûϷˣֻϣڱչ֮ǰȽˣ
ţСʵ֪˺ʱ׼չأҲǰ׼һ
ʱȣ˿Ҳ󲻵ãƬ֮Ҫʼˣ

⻰ɫ˲һ䣬ǧ㣬ȴû㵽˾ȻôżűչأһĻǽ񲻾ˣ
˵ľΪͽͽǲ˵Щʲôģ̨¹ڵصҵˣôҲû뵽һ˲Ĺ򣬾ȻһӴõˡ
˵һ䣬֮ԻһεˣΪ޷ǾǴ˽ôӶԼΪأ˾ȻҪչȥˣһϾҪȥ⵱ޱȵʧ
ʣҵϵı飬Ǿıվڴ̨ϵĸˣǿֱӸЩҵ֮ļƻģΪܹԼ֮ĳЩֻ˵һ롣
£ǵ˵һ뻰ʱˡ
ţ漴˵ˣҲ̫ˣȻҪչأϾΪǽǱѾˣԻ˿Ҳᵢ󣬳֮⣬ɻҪĶһʱǰɣ
⻹һδƽһ𰡣̼ǲϰЩҵӵ鶼Ҫȵˣһ⻰˵кһĪļȻû˵⻰˼ʲôǺʣ⽲飬ǻеģ
ʱ˿̣ƬУΪѵˣˣȴҲû˵⻰ʲôѾˣѵ⽲Ҳ˰æ
ˣѵҲ
Щ㲻ˣûڵʱ򣬸ǿˡ
֪֮ǰʦһԣ㵽佫һΪˣؼˣ岻ǻ˵ĻһΪʦͽܵģΪһЩ飬ȴǽ½˱ɣ֮ɱд֮ʦ˸ͽˣдˣĿǰʼջֻһ˶ѣͣ˼䣬Խ飬ɱиɵλͽˣɱչ֮κ˲ôۺ¶ɱɵĵȫȨ˵ǱɵͽܣʵȴǱɵСʦܣǼ֮󣬶ҪдΥммǣ
Ȼ׼װƣҲһװˣΪԼݲŷǽԼĴһΪľԼҵʱ򣬿Ժúõ£
ĿӦҲǴﵽˣ


652 ̫̫̫̫ʦ
ЩҵӻΪ췢Щ¶Ѿǹ˾ȵˣ˭Ҳû뵽˾ȵȻںͷ
˼䣬ȻһλҪյͽܣǶô𾪵鰡
飬֮˽黹ҪЩҵ𾪣ϾϸĻλ˼ͽܿǵ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦˣ
˵ǰλ˵ͽܣʵȴͽܣⱲݿһӾͱǴϺüʮˣֱӸҵʦֵܵĹϵ
ҴȻǴʮ˵˱ǵ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦˣ
ǿʮడ
һ뵽еҵӶʱΪϾ֮ǰû뵽˼仹бǱִô౶ˣ
ģԺҲúѵҪƺΪ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦˣ
ôЩİɣ
һʱ䣬Ϊʼ˼λ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦ֮󵽵Ǹ˵Щʲô
һԵȴˣΪûǣǰλϾҪչȥˣҪ˱չ֮ǰе鶼Ҳ׼һ⵽ʱֳʲô
ţû˿ԥǶŸһݣȻģλ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦ˵Ļһչ˵ģһֻǲ֪λ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦʱܵ
ݣȻƺԼʵ̫ڹˣЩڣ飬ҲǼΪصģ»Ǻ˳
Ȼһ⻰ȴЩˣΪһʱ䵹ף̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦ嵽ʲô
һĹ򣬸漴ǸæӦ˹ԭν̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦָĲǱˣԼ
ϸĻԼȻͽݳֵģһǸҵһˣҴһǧٶˣƺҲûģ
⻹Щ̫˰ɣŸڳƵģ
뵽ҲЩʱҲεʱˣƺ黹֮˵ɣĿǰȽµɣ
ţ˵˼֮ʱȻǽе֪ˣǱû´Ļ˿Ѿˣò˶ãᵽˣ
ô죿
⻰кһΪҪ֪д˺дλ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦȫͬ飬ǻҪ²һµģλ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦòҲ̫˰ɣ
ʱ򣬸ȴûʲôȥҵЩʲôˣΪµΪҪѾǲˣʣµ飬ȫͽܡҲԼˣ
²˳٣û˿ԥǶǰЩҵ˵ý鱾Ѿȫˣ飬ֻҪ֪֮ˣҪչȥˣмǣɱչ֮ʱ֮κ˶ýΥ߾ģ
⻰˵̨꣬µҵӰж͵һȻţˢˢİȥлˣ
ۼˣתԼ˹ȥ֮ǰ֪Ϣµţò¾֪ǰȻԼľס֮ˣ
˵⹬ͥЩΰ׳˼˵⹬Ҳ൱׳ˣһ֮󣬸±ǳ˹¥ſڡ
֨
ƿŵʱΪ֤ԼȷʵǽӵģµȻҲǼ˼֣֮ǽŸˡ
ţҲûϸĻ漴͸˹ȥ֪ЩҵǽʲôӦ
һ𣬹ڴ̨ǰҵ˿һʱ䣬ȴû˸˺һȷĲ֮ǿǰҵ˵ˣѾʼչˣڼǲܴɣ
⻰Щҵһ֮ǰ飬˵¶ЩãɫΪһʱ䵹Щ޷ȷղŷ鵽Ǽˡ
ȻʱȴҲøκ˽ˣΪûǣλ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦ˵Ҹأ
˵˵鵽ĿǰΪֹǸһˣλ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦ飬ȴǸոտʼ
Ҫ֪λ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦĵ˿Ҳ˵ĵӰС
󣬼ҼһʱȴҲòģǵøϽλҵĳһ²У
ţ±ǰԶһλ˹ȥȻߵһ˲⣬漴ǿʼк뿪
ԶĿһĻ˿
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򵥵ϴ֮󣬸ǳ˷䣬Ȼ׼ȥҵԵĶӡ
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ִһԵı䣬һƿԼϲϳ֮˵ĺ
Щҵ㶫ԵģǰЩϵĶʱȴͻȻûθڣԥһ֮һڽʣµˮ꣬׼뿪ˡ
ǰŸеʱ򣬸뵽ʲô漴˻ȥ
ţǽǮ˳ȻȡһСĳƱŲԶԼͷ˻֮ŷ̨ϣ֮ǰƿѹסˡ
һ֮󣬸˳
ʱ֣ǳ緹ʱʱȻǲʺȥˣϾ˼ӦҲڳԷأԼҪȥĻǳҲЩÿˣԸűǿСϻܲҵһҷҵ㶫ԡ
ʱֻȴǺֻһɵñЦΪ绰Ǳ˴ģشģ
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绰֮ͨصǴ˹
һߴһ˵һأⲻ֮ǰڵС𣿲˵ҲЩ̫ˣһߣСһ˶ûУԷĵطҲˣ
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뿪
⻰кһ֣ȻǶ˵ȱ˵ˣҵ鵽׽еôˣûмǴ˵е˰

̾˿㻹̫߿ˣҷּҵĵӣһŮҲǺܺãʸܼ˵ģ֮ǰ˽ٵʱֻţǧ֮Զأ˵Ǽˣ˵ûҲ֪浽Ƿʲô飬ѵһһεĻᣬȥˣе滹Щʧأ
⻰һʱҲǲ֪˵ЩʲôˣΪҲû취飬ҵԼǧˣܼ˵ʼֻ˶ѣҵĹأԼȻҲǲ˵Щʲôˡ
ʱǰһ뵽ʲôƵġ
㲻Ҫ𣿺ܼ򵥣а취ˣ
΢΢һЦ֮󣬸˵仰


653 ϰ

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˵⻰˵˾ĵطǹҶ˵绰ȻʼǰԼĵطȥˡ
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⻰һЦһ߷һ˵أֹһıȽϺãȻûмˣû׼´ξͼأ
´Σ´Ҫȵһ֮أܻĵǸʱ򰡣
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Զģ㿴һķֵſڲԶĲ˯Ҳ֪ʲôΣˮһء
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ΪǰӣһǳʦڵĻٷҪ򵥶ˡ
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Ƭ֮ö⣬漴ҲǳһŵǰȻһĿ˵˵ʵҵʦͥɣξǽӵģ


654 ֵķӦ
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ͻȻֵһĻҲøЩԥһ֮󣬸Ǹæʵϰ⵽ô°ΪʲôķӦϰôࣿϰ˵ӵʱǿ൱ĵ⡭
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ϰһ⻰뵽ʲôϵɫҲǱЩɵñǵһƺͻȻܾ¸Ƶġ
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Ƭ֮ǿ˵ղŻһһΪأ
⻰һڣصһЦҲ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ϰĻϻȴһӱ˴򿪣ţ֪еԭ
ԭЩδ֮ǰСһֱƽƽģɵĹԼһֱҲôֹʲôӣȻҶ֪ھСԶɽһӴصļ壬һֱ岢ϳ֣˴˶Ҳʮֵ˽⣬ǹԼƽ
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ˣЩȴһӻҲǸٵļǮǲ˲ǱˣҲ͹ݵϰ壡
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ͬģε޹֮ЩҲǷ˹ϰﻹͦ˵ģȴǸ˲ˡ
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գǱĻࡣ
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⻰ϰ嵱±ǲмĶŸ˵ֵܣֲû˵һΨһӴĿˣ±˵ʲô·ˣҪǲĻǾͰӷ𡭡㣬㣬㾾Ҷʲô
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ϰѵһ٣ϰǻĶ㵽ȥˣĸһЦ
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ҪҵĻ뿪֮Ϳʼ׼ɣΪܶܶˣ׼ĻǽûӦôĿˣУǧǵã֮ǰǿӿǲܹˣ
˵⻰ǽղóĳƱ˹ȥ΢΢һЦȻˣ
ţ߳ҷ꣬صҲǸæ˳
ʱϰȴһľ㵣Ϊû뵽νİ취Ȼֻ򵥵һЩ
˳֮غһĿʵղ˵Щʲô˼ôԷ
һصȻǴˣ
ⲻܣҡҡͷ֮ǰЩ˵ǶԷƾʲôΪǽͻԷǿ϶Ҳǵһǿӵˣ飬ΪԷ𣿡
һ£϶ûˣµȴǲһأֻҪҿڣЩҵӿ϶ǻģ
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ظ˵Щʲôֺ뵽ʲô飬漴ЩȵĿʵҪȥ
ȥȻȥڼˣû´Ļڶڵأ
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655 ɶ
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ţ漴Ƕص˵ͷûˣңǷȥˣ
ܺãص˵ͷôĿԴɣ

⻰ͻȻҲЩűʵ֮ǰһֱȥҵôͻȻָıˣ
ǰ˸һۣſڵȷʵǲȥҵģΪʱ䣬ѾǽˣҵӲý룬ո߲ôȥҲǿˣѹǲҵȰģȻĻôֺαذ׷ѿأײǽͷ㻹ȥɣ
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ڸʶŮУؾǱȽһˣͣŮϲĶǴ硢֮֡飬أȴƫƫϲ޵
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ԴˣҲֻ΢΢һЦ㲻˵ЩʲôˣΪҲ֪СҰ϶ǻٻġ
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⻰һڣǰҵ˲ɫһ䣬漴ǶŸ
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ʵʱЩҵǵɫǱԽѿΪʵЩף˽ҵ飬һֱܣһ㶼ǲ֪ģô֪أ
ǵˣ˾ȻֱӺǼ֣Ҫ֪ڼң˶ǳƺΪģļλҲˣö֮ģѾ֪Ҽˣ˸𣬿ȴһӱ㺰˳ʵǶҴĲ
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˽飬ΪҪ飬˵֪Ǻ˵ģǶ͸¶κεϢ˾ȻֱӺԼҼ֣ôɾͲô׽¶ˣ


656 ˵
ԶģһĻҲǱվҴſڵظˣʱȴЩֻΪһϵ˻ᷢ顣
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һеģʱȴһƽ΢΢һЦ֮˵Ҳʶ㻹죬ȹ˵˵ͽܣ

⻰˲Ǿһ亹Ϊʱ˿̣Ȼ֪ؿеǸ˾¿ȴŵ˵Ҳǵ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦˣû뵽ǣ˾Ȼʶˣǵˣ˾Ȼȹ
׻˭أ
һʱ䣬ԴҲǿٵת
һĹ͵̧ͷȻһŵĿ˵㡭˵Ĳǡ

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657 һ
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ղŷ飬ȻǾ۵ףҲǼʶ֮ˣȴûϵȻſ飡
ѾϿԽˣʱ˿̣еģֻһɱ⣡


658 ǧһ
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ƺҲʵЩ̫Ц˰ɣôƺ˵ģ
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ҵʮĴزμ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦ壬ӭ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦ壡
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һֽŲõ˸ߣȻҲ˵ϣ
һ£·ʱ䶼Ҫֹͣˣ


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ˣЩҵֻǾȶѣҲˣЩҵȻֻǾȶѣϾǶ֮ǰ鶼һ֪ģҲ֪λ˵˵Ҳǵ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦҪ֪ǰİ˾һֱȴˣ
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һʱ䣬±ŲٵҵҲǺӦ˹漴Ҳһ˼˹ȥ֮ǰ鴮֮Ǻǵõһ˵ǾĽۣ
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ʱ֮ǰ˵ЩҵǵҲǸæӦ˹һΪ޴ĺ
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һʱ䣬˶ʼΪղ³çľٶǺµǣղûֹĻû׼ʱ˿̣ǶҪһʬˣ
Ͼǰҵ飬Ҳ֪ģ˵˺ͬһɱǵʱȴҲǺģ
Ժ󣬶佲ǣ˶Ǹصģɴƶһ˵ĹأκΥصĻҪܵΪĴģ
⻰˵ˣòƸղŷ飬ѾΥеĹ˰ɣ
ŭҪɱ˵ĵزĻָô죿
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ʯͷվӣǾӸµ۴˹ڵصЩҵӣ֮ǰֽŵǼҵԵѪ֮˾εʱ򣬸кҲЩ
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⻰̧ͷһȷ˸ڵķ֮һ·ж漴ǶŸݵڣμ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦ壡
ǰĻԼ϶ǻж֮ǰֹģ¡ȴǲˣޱĿԼһ·жûһ˿
ԼĳƺʱȴüͷΪʵ˵ʵǲϲĳƺÿЩҵǺʱЩˡ
Ƭ֮Ƕ˵ˣɣҲʶˣǰôţУԺҪôųƺˣֱӽ̫ʦͿˣ
⻰±Ǵ漴ǶŸһͷȻæ֮ǰȻ֪̫ʼʵݣ飬̫ʼˡ
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Ȼʱȴûʱȥܱôˣ˸Ļ֮±ǸæӵȻһĶŸ˵̫ʦԸʲô飬Ӿϵɽ͹ҲΪ쵽ģ
⻰ЦȻģҼȲҪϵɽҲҪ͹ֻҪȥǱߵ飡
˵ţ۾ŲԶǼղűֽŵҵ˹ȥ
ȻǱֽţЩҵǱϾߣڳˣڼ֮ǰЩҵѾιǷʳֹѪҩԴʱ˿̣ǵ˿ȻֹͣѪҿʼŸڵķȥ
ϾҲˣԭ֮ǰһֱͼҪֹˣȻҵһˣ
һ̣ǵĳӶҪˣеǷݲϵʹû̫ĸоˡ
ŵʱл͵һ漴ǸæŹ˵ϡ
漴ģһĪĿ־壡
ΪȻ֪ԼҪˣ
ķԸʱкҲ͵һ֮ǰЩֽŵҵһҲ뵽һЩ顭
֮ԻôԸ޷ֻΪɱЩ֮ǰðҵӣϾǸ߸ϵ˵ӰǰǴǵʦү۾ģݵĻ˿Ҳǰҵλ˲
ð˵ʱ򣬱ɱ˽һǾȻðˣεĴȴöˣƺֻҪȡ˵ѣ
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ʱڳҵҲǷӦ˹ȻͬЩ̣ǻ˵ˣ˭ôۣȻǵλ̫ʦأǿ˵λ̫ʦϢŭôҲֵõģ
һʱ䣬ΧպǱĹ
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⻰±ͣŸһ֮ſڵ̫ʦ棬Ҫȥ̫ʦղŷԸ飡
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˿漴ն˵̫ʦ棬ղ˵õӽǱߵ飬Ҫˣ
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ε̾˿ΪĿ˵ҵ˼ˣǱߵ飬Ҫȥɱǣ취Ͽһǣ˵֮ǰȷʵðңòƹҵҲǺ֪ģν֪߲ȻѾǽѵˣô˰ɣ

⻰һڣǵסˣԶֽŵҵҲסˣڳҵҲסˡ
˭Ҳû뵽λ̫ʦ֮ǰ˵Ǿ仰Ȼ˼
ţǸæӦ˹漴ǺһЩҵӣȻЩֽŵҵǲűɽϵȥˡ
һһУȻڹŹһ⣬عλҵӣһζӣģȴһĵ׵ĸж
Ϊ˭֪ǱȥģϾλ̫ʦ棬ҵһŵģʵҲǺû̫ˣð͵˵ðˡðǵʦү۾ʣЩǣȥģλ̫ʦȴĹǵݶ飬Զ޷ˣ
֮˸ǰ漴ǹȥ
һʱ䣬кǱļΪ
˵֮ǰǼ飬ЩҵҲǸÿˣλ̫ʦʵһλܺ˵δػΪ֮ǰǡ
ǱڿЩŵգȴƺڸǣ¿ûô׾͹ȥģ


660 ϵر
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֮ǰ˵ʱѾǰԼҪϢˣ׼Ϊʱеҵӿ϶ȫ֪ҪٵϢǴ֮ǰЩȴԼˣ
ûнԼҪϢ֪ҵӣȻ֮ǰЩζǲᷢˣ
һУ׶Ĵ
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Ȼߣ˲ǽеҵӶһ˭Ҳ֪λ̫ʦֻ顣

ʱǿˡ
һźǸæӦ˹Ȼǰμ̫ʦ棡
˵⻰ʱ̧ͷûˡ
Ƽģ漴ǲмЦЦűˣ˵ɣ
Ȼ⻰ȴǽøЩȻ̫ʦ棬
ѾĻ֪ﰡҪô罫֮ǰԸеҵӣڻ֪ˣˣ
֮ǰӡǲģǴʱ˿̣ȴԽԽЩ˳
ţȴû˵Щʲôֵֻˣ㻹ɣЩҪ㽻ſɲУ
˵޷Υλ̫ʦˣۼˣʼգĿʼնûȥ

ֵ
ûԥ漴ǽָ˳֮ǰЩҵӱֽŵǰ֮Ըʱе±ӿһ˿õԤУһĹˡ
Ϊ˿̵Ѿû˿ѡˣ̫ʦҪ˫֣ôҲֻȡѣֲκˣ
ܵĽλ̫ʦȥģ˭֪ᷢأ
˫ֵʱȻˣ
ʱڳҵ뵽㣬һʱһʼЩΣ
Ȼʱ˿̸ȴȥЩЩʲôˣۿ˫֮漴ִɨƿռһЩƾɵ
ֻȻЩƾɣǷϵĸȴ쳣ۡ
칦
˿̴ɨƿռóģ֮ǰǱ칦
֮ǰͥʱ򣬸кҹѾʧϢ֮Ϊ𾪣֮࣬ø½Ȿ칦ң
ʵν飬ΪⱾ칦ѾǷˣеҲȫˣҲûκεôˣǸҲûʲôϵ
ţû˿ԥ漴ǽǱ˹ȥ
칦еʱӺ͵һűһ˼еǱ˹ȥΪҪһѿֵȴû뵽Ȼһ飡
ŻûӦʱ򣬸
ŵǱ飬ʦ˼Աд칦ⱾӦǱ֮ǰǱҪˣЩѶĵطʦ˼һעͣڰⱾ齻ˣúñܰɣ

⻰Ӻ͵һƺҪòеǱˣⱾСС飬˿̩ɽ֮أ
ҵ칦ʧǧ꣬һĲΪĶʧòϰĹȻνҲǴģ칦Ĺȴǲˣ
Ҳû취鰡ϾȻʧΪάԼҵĴУҵжϵҲֻˣ
ʱ˿̣ѾһˣΪλ̫ʦȻԸһ칦
⻹һ칦ǵʦү۾Աдע͵칦
ֱϵر
һʱ䣬еҵкһϲǱ֮ǰλ̫ʦ浽׻ôǣڿȫ˰λ̫ʦǵûдǣǽһرǣ
ţкЩɧ˶ȥһǱȻʧǧĹ

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661 ̵Ӳ
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Ȼ֣Ǵ˿ȴҲǲκľٶĹ㣬ЩӦҲǺ֮Ľйذɣ
ȵȡ
һ뵽кһȻλ̫ʦ趫ľٶʮֵļȴڱͷԡ
ΪһЩʵҲӦģŶûأȻôĶʵе㲻Ծ
һεʢᣬΪҪ˽ĶȻҲʮֵҪǱ˽ȴǲֵһˡ
Ȼ֪ŵĶޱȽ󣬵Ǵʱ˿̣˼ȴǲɵתƵǰλ̫ʦϣҲ֪ô£оȻ
ţѯʣǰλ̫ʦǿˡ
ͷǰ֮ǰʦү˼߬дұע칦ǶԣһΪѵõıˣڸģͥλʦʦǻ˼켸ҹʱĶνҪõĶԼȥоһ°ɣеĵôضǵΪҲкܴİģ

⻰ʱҵӻδʲôԾĵطֻǵΪλ̫ʦ͵Ķеޱȵ˷ܣǵеȴЩһ˼ˣ£ǲɵнһһŵ˹ȥ
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껹˰ĵһ꣬ǰΪ˶޶գòӭλ̫ʦ棬뿪˵ĻôԼΪһָ֮ôԼǧˣ
˵λ̫ʦѾ칦νҪõĶȫˣ뿪ˣЩĶεĽҲУǡ
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飬ֻһССĿܣҪɱҡϾµңѾǰˣǰ֮ĴǾԲٷˣ
һ뵽ʱǳһ亹ۿλ̫ʦ沢û˵ЩʲôȻҲǲἰˣΪһЩֻԼĲ²ĻôǺã
ԥƬ֮ǽһЩеĶٵĸһЩȻ̫ʦ棬ʦүµ飬ʦүȻûʲôأǽ飬˻ʦүָ֮ģǲʦү˼Щ̫ʦջأ
⻰һڣڳҵӵɫǱΪѿǸһֱֻΪҵõе˷ܣȴûоȻ鷳ʱһĻǷӦˡ
飬ֻģԼˣôô£
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һʱ䣬е˶뵽飬˲͵һ֮ǰ͵͵жЩҵҲǸæջĿ⣬ͬʱҲǲɵú
ΪЩɲǸÿĶȻ֮Ҳѧ£дֵˣʶǷĴ
Ҫ֪Ļİ
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˵⻰漴׼뿪ˣ
̫ʦ̫ʦ
⻰һڣһʯǧˣеҵǵҲɵˣϾǴû뵽顣
̫ʦôҪ߰鶼ˣ굽ô°


662 ̫ʦŭ
ЩҵһŵʱȻޱ飬ȴҲż뿪ˣ
ʵϲǸż뿪ˣǸʼնûҪ뿪Ͼⶫ飬ζҪģڸղŷ飬ʵֻǸŻЩҵӶѣ
Ͼ֮ǰ飬ɲô׾͹ȥģȻΪ˵δ棿
ȻǰҵλһɱɱûϵԼҲа취Щҵ֪Լ
ߣ
һ֮󣬸ǰҵ˹ȥĿǰϡ


˿ԥ˫칦ЩֽŸæǹ˼漴Ӧ̫ʦ棬ڣ
ۿһŽ˵㣬֮ǰʦôģûи߹ʱϢ
ء̫ʦ棬ȷʵ˵ǵӱ롭롭̫ʦ𷣣
Ҫģǻ˵һ룬͵ʶǰλ̫ʦҪģʲôͣԼǽٶ࣬ȫûõģ˵ˣһɣҲı䲻Լ˴ʵ
⻰˵һ룬ͻȻĿˣֱӱǳĴ˵⻰ʱȻһ
ǾԼסλ̫ʦ棡
Ͼ˵ף֮Իᷢ飬ȫֻΪһľѣǿԼֲ󣬴Ӷסλ̫ʦ棬ôˣôҲֵõģ
Ͼȫ˱һʲô
ľ֮еͻȻð漴׼ӭλ̫ʦŭˣ
ȻŸ
𷣣Ϊ𷣾ͿԽңǷʦүģͬʱҲǴʦүģµңͺñʦү٣
أôԴҵģʦ֮ǰѾǽˣҸ㣬εҶԣܴ裡ͥʦүԣҲһܴ裡㻹ͿԽҸ㣬ûôף
Ȼ⻰˵ʮҲʵǽеҵӻŵЩ겻ǵһ仰ʱͷ͵һ
ȷӦ˹漴һĪĿϲΪֱƺתģλ̫ʦղ˵ĻоͿԿóˣ
ţû˿ԥǴ˴飬ǵһ֮ȫ޹أ̫ʦĪҪҵӣӷµеһ˳е̫ʦεȵĳͷӶԹԣֻ̫ʦջЩ
˵ţǽеĶøЩ
ԣüëһźԶ˹ȥһʱ䣬뵽һ⣡
˵ĿģεȵĴ㶼ԹԵĽܣ
һĹ򣬸ͻȻǰȻװһص˵
Ȼתİλ̫ʦ沢Ҫ뿪
һʱ䣬кһϲ͵ص˵ͷϾٴ֮ǰѾҪȡλ̫ʦµ׼񼴱λ̫ʦĳͷأֻصȥأ
Ͼصģ޷Ҳһѣ˿̵ǽ֮ˣλ̫ʦҪȡôҲǻԹԵĽܵģ
˵Ķԣεȫһ֮ĵ޹أ˶ǵĻҲЩ˵ȥģȻ˵ĻôҾҪӦĴˣҶĴܼ򵥣ѾʺҼˣҼλҲǸûˣҾͲҼô
һȻĿǰ˵
⻰һڣ˵˵ˣ֮ǰһֱڵϵˣ
û뵽ԼȻһͷû뵽Ե޹ʵģôͰǣˣҾȻҪҵļ
Ȼ֮ʱҲޱȿҼλӣѾǺܾ֮ǰˣĺֻ꣬ŰȵĹһȫҲûˣ
ǡµô°ôôһͻȻˤͷˣҪʮǰĻ϶ԥĽܵģ£ȴֻкһ䡣
ĵ˭˭˰ΪʲôҪôһ


663 һ
һʱ䣬кǱüΪ֮ղŵİʱҵȴһŵ˹Ȼνĳͷʵ̫ǵ֮ˣ
ۼˣüëһȻۿôģͷ𣿡
ҼλӣǧǰͶµģǧĴˣһΪ飬ʵ˵ҪڱҼȥͱҼݻŵĻѡǰߣ
µʲôѡأ
߸ϵˣǲôڲģȴЩɣԼȻǵλ̫ʦ棬λ̫ʦ渺Ҫʹ뿪ˣ
£ζǱҪеģǧҵҼݵԵòôҪˣ
˵ףʼնĴһӱܵˣԼµĴԼеӦĺҼ
ˣҪˣ
뵽ҲǺ漴ŸӲңӽ̫ʦ֮л̫ʦ治ɱ֮
˵⻰ǽеĶøһЩ
ۼˣ±ǵ˵ͷ˵һﻹʶȤûԼ˼ˡ
ʱһԵȴǲˣû˿ԥ±˸ǰǰȥл̫ʦ棬Ӻεºҵ˴Σ̫ʦջسίһλҵǰϣЩǰϱʺϵΣ
һٸԸǰʱΪҼһ֮֮ϣһ˷ܵ飬ǰȷʵʶҼô׵ģ
ͺñȽ췢飬Ȼģǵʱڵҵȴǵͷͬ˵ģ˵ʵȫû취˭Ҽأ
飬˼ܵ鵽˭Ĵ˼ֻҵ֮ˣҲҼˣ
˵ˣһҪĳΪҼôԺӾ͵פˣײɹ˵˵治һϢ
֮ܶȷʵǲµģ
Ļ֮󣬸漴Ҳüͷ֮ͨǰ˽⣬ΪһʮģȴЩ
ſʶһķϣһѵģ˭֪һȻǲ飬
εҡҡͷĿϣţЦ
Ȼ㲻ϴӦĻôɾ͹ֲ˰
һĹ򣬸漴ǿ˵ðɣȻ˵ĻôҲͲǿˣҵ׸ѡ˭λأ
˵ţǿʼװȺд
ˣɣҾ㲻Ӧܵεģ
ͻȻ䣬ָȺеһ˺仰ʱ򣬸ǻ¶һΪζЦݡ
⻰һ˲䣬ҲǸæͷ˹ȥʵ϶ѡĵʲôˣΪĵģΪҼϾҵͷƿеȨҪһǷءˣòˣʲô˵ĻôɾЩ鷳ˡ
֮ǰʱʵΪĵģΪҲ˽ˣ֪ʵǿʤҼλӵģϧǣȻӦ飬ôɾû취ˡ
֪ˣֻ˭أ
ţЩŵ˹ȥ
λ̫ʦָѡʱȴһЩˣţ·춼Ҫˡ
ʱͬҲһ±Ƶλ̫ʦָѡ˹ȥ
֮ǰţֻҪԼҼκ˶ԣҲǻ˫޳ɵģǵ˵ģʱӺһƬհס
Ϊ˲ǱˣŮأ
ģ⵽ô°Ϊʲôʱ˿̣ҵӼûҲˣλ̫ʦȴƫƫѡԼŮ
⡭⡭⡭
һʱ䣬Ѿ֪˵Щʲôˡ
һĹеҵҲһ㵵ָķ˹ȥ
ʱȴ˿ҲûʲôһƺǲΧЩ̧ͷ
һĹԼҲסˣ


664 ˸
ҵʮĴĵӣͬʱǷּҵĵӣ۵Ĵڣүү֮⣬ûϵҲ֪һּ֧ҵġ
һĬĬŵŮȴһӳΪڳ˵Ľ㣬һʱ䣬غЩֲ̿
һĹֺ뵽ʲô飬űһ˼˹ȥȴÿԼЦ
ҿ
һĹغ̲סһ䡣
Ҫܸҵ̫ʦ£ѾʮˣϾүүҪΪһЩҲΪϤû飡
һ£绹ڸһԷ촵ţѣһӾͱ˴ʮĳǳΪ˵ͽܣ֮ǰǸƽƽģκεҲҪнͻȻһӣóƺһ̫ʦ棬ÿͷݼ鲻۷ʲôϣ޷ܵİɣ
ˣ֮£ػ𽥽飬ôҲû뵽Լսһ飬һĹ򣬸ȻǸһУ
ж˵޷мܵģ
Ҽ⾿ǶôͿ˲Żľ
һССķּҵӣ䲻ʮͷΪҲǲͬʱŮ֮õأ
ԿҼεģʱйŮλˣ
ΪҼͱҪǧҵӣԼôأ
ֱǻ֮
һʱ䣬صɫҲǱЩѿ̧ͷʱݺݵĵ˸һۣģȴǸ΢΢һЦ
ţؿڣǰȴǿˡ
ֻ̧ͷһ˼Ŀ̫ʦ棬򲻿ɰѾǧ֮ãҼӵεģʱйŮӵΣ⡭ʵǲװ̫ʦ˼
һԵҲǸæ͵û̫ʦ棬Ů̫Ů֮Ե˴ΰ̫ʦջس
㶮ƨȥֱӱ˿ĿŮ飬Ҳ޵֮ںʦүµŮʤ涯ĻЩʦʦˣ⻰ˣҪǴǼλŮʦʦĶǷǵðƤɣҪ֪ƽ޵ģŮӲĹ
ЩǸţˣʵµŮԵӵҲ治٣͸֮ǰľ߰λˣ⻹ЩΪûеģټǵͽܵĻҲǵиˣ
ЩŮӵҲ֣ƽʱľһʱȴ˿ҲЩԵӣ֮ǰΪ׼ĶʱһλԵӺŮԵӲִΪе漰λ±ǷɵȽȥˣ飬ʮָȤģȻҲܳȥˡ
ŮǱȽģǳҲˣټԵӱŮԵźü꣬Ȼ϶ŮԵӱذˣ
ΪԾǣŮԵӾȻǲѴ֮ľʹԵӣ֮Ƚʥʮ
ԾǣڳӼˣûʲô̫ķӦͺϰΪƵģҲʱף޵֮˶ԣŮǲڵģǧΪԷһŮӾ͵͹ȻʱԿģʼնԼ
Ȼ֮˵ЩΪغǿֻһԹԱѣϾ˵ʵĻصʵʵǲ
ʲôϵأ֮ԻһҲֻǾúѣ˵ˣԼҵʱҼȻҲǻʱʱ̵̿ĸߣţظأ
ػܶ࣬ҲǸԭˣ
ۿǰλ̫ʦȻֱӽͥǼλʦүµŮʦ˳˵ЩʲôأҲǿˣλ̫ʦǲϲԼ˵ģ
Ů˾Ů˰ɣΪ˽ƴˣ
Ƭ֮ڻǺ飬˵ʵЩ̫ڷ˼ˣµҪǽλ̫ʦţ飬ûôҪˣ
һĹǶŸһݣȻӽ̫ʦ淨ּ
£ؿûˣ


665 Ϸ
ۿڣػΪ¿϶ᱻֹģϾô˵е̫ڳ˰ɣһССҵӣŮ֮ôΣ
ǽȴΪΪû뵽ǣȻĵҪҼܸǰʲôҵӵ̫ʦ棬˵ĵӣ˵Ļк˵Υ
˵Ǿ仰ʱر֪ѶˣҼλӣˣ
ǡҲ̫ӵ˰ɣ
ޱȸӵʱ򣬹ߵʱҲε̾˿ʵ˵Ҫ֪ҼղһڴӦҼˡ
ȻԼϲҼλӣΪ˼壬ȻȷľϾԼλӣܱԼŮҪõö˰ɣ
ⲻǺ
̾˿֮εҡҡͷ
ʱ˿̣ڳҵͬҲһΪôλ̫ʦЩ̫˰ɣ
ϾҼҪǧ˵峤һССŮôõأ
ⲻǺ
Ȼڳ˶ڸǴĵײԸģʱ˿̣ȴûκ˵˵һ䷴ԵĻΪ˭֪¿ǧǵλ̫ʦˣ
˵ĻҵĬ±֪öˣ
ţ˵ˣôôˣҼɣ
˵⻰˹ȥ
ʵЩ̫ͻȻˣغԲûнµݣڸ⻰ʱЩʧĹڵϣû˿ķӦΪûнݺԼϵ
ȻûзӦһԵȴ˲䷴Ӧ˹һĹ׼ˡ
ۼˣ漴Ǻȵιʲôأн𣿡

⻰˲һ漴͵طӦ˹ʱ˿̣ѾҼˣλ̫ʦ溰ҼȻҲˣ
һʱ䣬˲һ죬¹ȥ
ʮҼÿ˺ŵʱȻȻıΪںԼˣ˼ʶı˷ӦϧǣʱѾͬˣ
Ҽȴˣ
ۿ¹ȥһű׼ȥˣµҲǿˣԼղŵضԿɲôýܵģֱȻûзӦԼǵȥϼˡ
ǰŸȥʱһԵȴǺֿˡ
̫ʦջش
˵ŻǽеĶøһЩ
θûپܾһǽЩֽŶսɨУǱ칦ȴûջء
ⱾһҪúñţٳʲôĻҲû˿԰ˣ
·ߵʱ򣬸˵
һ漴Ǵӽ̫ʦ֮
ûٴֱ˹ȥ
Ҽɣ
֮󣬸һЦĿغȫҲΧҵЩʲô
ΣȴˣҼòǱʲôˣԼ
ţһӵ̧ͷ˸
ڽʱ˻˵Ц죬ĵŸЩܵ飬ʱˣȫյѣ
أЩ֮ǰȫܵ飬ȴһһģǰĸҲһλѱ˴Լʮ౲̫ʦ棡
ȻϷôٵ鶼Է
ȻѾ֪˸ʵݣȴûǰƤЦĸǸ߸ϵ˸ϵȻѾõ˳ֵ֤ȴûظ
ΪʵЩ̫ٵˣ
ղŸһӲٵˣ
ţҲ֪ô£ǿʵһ𣿡
⻰һڣеҵӰڣ˲ǵһȻ֪̫ᣬҼĻܻٵ鷳˭Ҳû뵽ΪҼĵһ飬ȻǶǰλ̫ʦԲѷ
ǸǼҲûа취Ϊ˿̵ѾҼˣλ̫ʦƺϲ˵ҪһڵĻû׼ֻˡ
һԵЩ˼ˣû˿ԥ͵վ


666 
أڸʲô̫ʦݺһССѾͷⶥײģϽ̫ʦǸ
һĹǶشһʱˣԼŮѾǳҵļˡ
ʱ˭ֻںأ
⻰͵طӦ˹òԼղ˵ЩʵЩʱ˰
ҪûڳĻ˵Ļûʲô󰭣Բʰ
̫ʦˡӡӴδΣԡһʱЩʧ̬ˣ̫ʦ£
һĹغǶŸȥ
ˣˣֲС֮ˣôΪأϽɣ
ȫȥǸæֽصĸסˡ
ţǴյĽһЩȻض˵˰ɰô˵ˣˣҲ˼
㻹˵ң⻰˲ҲƢص¶ҪҪʲôҼĻᷢô㻹ǸϽһ˸¶ɣ¶
𰡣æӳɲɰô˵Ҳ̫ʦˣҰģ֮ԻľֻΪǵһЩ飬Ե޹ģ
Ŷʲô£
⻰˲ҲΪ
̫ʦ棬û°ɣ
ʱȴǲʱ˵
ʶȻҲ֪ԼŮҲϵĸģѾǺ͸ΪѣղŵʱѾǿˣƺںԼŮʲô顣
Ӧһ¶Ͼɲκ˶ܺλ̫ʦΪѵġ
֮ǰΪ֮ҪҼֻǴڿЦѣ£ͻȻˣã֮Իô϶Լɵģ
ʱ˿̣ƺҪؽ顣
ʵǲʲô¶ģϾȻصүүµȴѾΪҼĳ˵ѾǺγ˾֮Ĺϵ
ǾǳΪӣ޷ʾģ
ȻЩ죬Ǳ鵹Ҳô˽ܵˡ
µĳʺ϶˵Щʲô飬Ͼ˶ӵģǱ֪һЩ֪飬ô鷳ɾʹˣ
˵£Ǹæһ䣬һ¸
һ˲Ĺ򣬸˼վֱӶ˵ͷǶǰҵ˵ţҺҼһȥңǾŰɣȵҽ֮ܿʼ𣿡
̫ʦ֮
Ӧģһĺ
߰ɣ
ضߵ˵һ䣬Զ˹ȥԥһ֮漴ҲǸȥ
ȻĵײʲôҼ鵽һѾûʲôڵˣټϸ֮ԻƺǳĳЩԭģҲֻΪѵĽˡ
ۿŸһǰһ뿪кֳһĹâ֮ǰеЩ뷨Ҳǵõ֤ʵ
үϳλ̫ʦʱЩǲ֮ǰʶλ̫ʦģ
Ͼλ̫ʦ治ˣһ鷲ˣȻǷˣôȻǾס˼ģȻǾס˼ģôʶҲʲô˼ˡ
տʼʱֻͻȻð뷨ԼҲ֪⾿Ǽ٣ټϵʱʵ̫ڽˣҲûлῪѯʡ
飬ȴȷ뷨
λ̫ʦ治ʶĻΪʲôֱӺ֣ΪʲôҪָҼ
λ̫ʦ治ʶصĻΪʲôͬẰ֣ҪҼ
ټظղžȻֱӶײλ̫ʦ棬Ҫǻ˱˵Ļָ飿ұײ֮λ̫ʦҲû˿ģ
֮ǰλ̫ʦԴ̬ȣʵ֮𰡣
˵أȷʵʶλ̫ʦģ
˵Īĺ°
Ͼϵλ̫ʦԺȻҲǲ̫Ϊˣ
뵽Щ̲סˣеҪ֪йλ̫ʦһϢ


667 ͷ̫
ţֱӴɽϵ˹ȥڼ䣬ǽԼ֮ǰ뵽鶼߸ء
˸Ļ֮˲Ϊµ˵ЩҲûʲôˣȻҵļˣ
һ·ҶȥΧǹڵصҵӣȻ˿Ҳϵģ˵ȴЩܳˡ
ΪҼҲܲĴģοεĻëѾͷأ
ʱ̣ȴҲǲö˵ЩʲôˣֻӲͷƤ˸
ͬЩҵӣҼڵЩҵΪ̫ԶԵʣûи⵽Ƿʲô飬ֻǿΧ˰ȥҲŰ
ͬģȻҲ溰һɽһ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦ壡
Īĳƺʱ˼һ±Ƶ״̬ۿǰҵӺƼһİȥֺĪĳƺҲܲܲɣ
Ȼû⵽Ƿʲô飬ںţȴѾҴ˸㣬ֻҪǻ˵ģǹźĳƺ
ȻΪڵˣϳ˸֮ʱΪҼ˲ǰȥΧҵһԼ峤ȥˣԼвݵĵ
ţΧڸߵҵǱ㶼ǰȥȻʱܶ˻û⵽ô£ڵʱ£ʱ俼飿
ԶģһĻȻҲǱŵҵǸˣۿҵӣҼҵλ϶ֱӹȥҺһĪĿںţǵʱ֮⣬ҲǸһһˣ
ڵҵһȻҲǳһǰǺģǳʲô¶
ţҲ֪ĸһ￪ʼȥ˶ģѧһʮʮٵģƬ̼Ĺǧҵӱͳͳȥ
ĺſڵЩҵӵҲˣϾղŷǶ֪ģҲԼڰ˭ں˭ʣµҵȴһ±ˣ˭Ҳ֪⾿ôһ£ôö˶˵ͻȻҪ¹ˣҪôһĳƺ
ȻܶжЩ⣬Ҳ⵽Ƿʲô飬һ뵽ʱǺǲҶˡ
ΪҪ֪˽ٵӰѵ˵֮ԻҲΪ˵𣿻߸ȷе˵ڰ
òƲӦðΪеҵӶףĿʵ̫СˣĴͳ˽ٵʱ򣬴ǽڼڵǴ̨ģͲſڽ룬˵ˣǶ˵ĳƺǼΪصģʱù̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦŹֵĳƺˣ
Ȼģеȴǲ˿Ϊ˭óµʵ̫ˣ
ʱǺſڣû˿ԥ±Ƕ˵ҼȴȥʦĵطɣҵﻹЩҪ
ʵЩ֮ǰѾ߹ˣ֮˵һ飬ȻֻΪſڵЩҵˡ
˲⣬ҲװģĶŸһݣȻף̫ʦ棬룡
˵⻰漴˸ơ
£ſڵЩҵ⵽ǷʲôˣôҲ벻Ŷһ򰡣ҼȻǻһˣҾȻǻһëѾͷ
ⲻǿ
ǾȵǣĪģȻǳһλ̫ʦ棬ڽһ֮ǰĪĳƺٱʱҲǸˣ
ԭλ̫ʦ棬Ǹղ̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫̫ʦ尡
Ȼһλ˲õأ
һ뵽ſڵЩҵӼҳˣϾϸĻλ̫ʦıֿǱǴʮ౲ģԺǵƽƽ
ġͷ̫˰ɣ
ʱ򣬸ȴȥЩҵǵЩʲôˣűǿҵĴš
ԶĿ߽ҵĴţǲΡΡվţҵҲվ
֮ǰһĻе˶úһģϧǣⲢΣ
¿Ǻð̫ʦ治ǸţЩҵǼȲ֪ղŷ飬Ҳʶ̫ʦ棬Ҫٺ̫ʦʲôͻ̫ʦĻ⡭ָô찡
ʱһ׷ԲԵͷǳ嵽ǰ


668 ּ
⻰Ϻӿһɿɬ̾˿Ȼ˵ʦ尡ѵڵѾҼˣԺǧƺˣ
һ⻰ͷǰ˰ֵ˵Ļ̫ʦ֮ԻľֻΪһʱ߶ѣȵ֮һԣʱȻҵļҵǧҵζܻһëѾͷﰡ
Զ⻰ɫЩѿ˵ͷ˵Ļȷʵеģ⻰˵Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ϾεҼԼıŮ
˵ԼҲһͬԼŮҵļ飬ʲôıأ
£ǵøϽһԼȻԺ˭֪ʲô鷳أ
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⻰ʱһԵߵ±һ˼˹û뵽оȻһϵ
ԼҵĵУȻ֮ǰʶλ̫ʦģλ̫ʦѣ
⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣ
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Ȼǰǽǧǲٳһ˿һλ̫ʦеɨ˵ˣ
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ʱ˿ȴһҵĬĬػΧ֤ûκ˵Ҷκε顣
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֮ǰڵ֪˸ҪϢ֮ǶЩҵ´һǾҪǴ粽ıλ̫ʦ棡
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ЩҵϢΪͨڸδŵʱǱѾ֪˸Ҫˣ̤ҵʱǱѾǿʼڸˣ
ȻҲǲˣȴǲôںΪ֪ŵˡ
һǰǳһţƿ֮۵һȺڵϵҵӣ֮ǰЩҵЩɢˣֵʱм̧ͷ˹
ǴֱǰߵģһƳȴɵñͣΪȻˡ
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뵽ʱ򣬸Ƕ࿴˼ȷ壬ű׼뿪ˣϾȷѾǹȥʽˣȻһʮֵĿɶ񣬵ԼҲѾǸӦĳͷҲǲ˵Щʲôˡ
ɵǣڸ׼뿪ʱȷȻҲͻȻ̧ͷһĹ͵غ
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ȿģʱһԵкҲǿһ£ôҲû뵽ԼȻ￴


669 ˼
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Ϊʶ˸Ƿ˼Իص֮˶ƽ鶼ֻδᣬȷϵˣҲ˵ץܾʱСı˵ġ
Ϊ¾ǳ׵ĹȥˣϾ֮ǰȷʵûʲôʵԺģټ֮ǰвһҲıȴˡ
俴ȷʵģ
ȷ忴ȴûôױǵˣϾΪһˣʧȥԼΪĶǺεȵ߳ܣ
ȻҲҪҸ𣬵һ֮ǰչʾɵˣֲҳ棬Ҳһֱ
Ҳû뵽ǣԼȻҵļڼ
⻹·㲻ߣҪ
ڱʲôطȷ϶ǲҶԸЩʲôµģȴǲͬˣΪԼҵĵϣ
Ҫ֪µңǧҵӵģǿǧҵӵĶ֣
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飬ȷûпǵǲԶȴһ˲뵽ˡ
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ۼˣ˲һ䡣
ͻȻֵһĻȻҲ˲˸صע⣬ʱ˿̣ȴһģȫҲûһ˿һľţ֮£һԵصЩϾû뵽Ȼ顣
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ﻹҪǰЩҵӣЩҵӶڼҵĵӣкξ壿
ţص±׼ǰȷˣǺʱȴֽסˡ
£ؿе㷴ӦˣһĹ΢΢һΪɲǼ䣬Ҳ֪ô£Ȼвٵ˴˷ֱ˹Ŀֱָȷ塣
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ЩҵӿҵӱûʲôͬҲǴͬķΣҪ˵ʲôͬĻôЩҵϵϢʵе̫ˣ֮⣬ǵϾȻű
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ʱѹڵϵȷȻǶվǰһִӺ
⻰˲Ҳ΢΢һû뵽ƷȷУȻȷĸ磡
ʱ˿̣Ǳȷ֮ΪȴǲûдҲûһۣһĹֻǽջ˽ʣűǶǰĸȥ
ҵʮںμ̫ʦ棬ӱܣ̫ʦ˾ţ̫ʦ𷣣
ҵʮ硭
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⡭⵽Ƿʲô飿ΪʲôҵҪйݣҪƺΪ̫ʦ棿⵽ô°
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ۿΪҼŵЩҵľٶ±вٵ˷Ӧ⵽ôһˡ
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£ȷˡ


670 ɱ޺
֮ǰĵһۣȷ˲Ǳ޸ͷԣһʱҲȥΪʲôңΪʲôᳩͨߣ
ڣгȻǱµĳһ쳹صġ̫ʦ桱ˢһɶˣ
ٱʱҲˣԭ֮ǰԼȴйݵˣǸ
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֮ǰȷʱ򣬸û¶ΪһﲻʵƷҲǲЩȺãļһһֱǲôġ
ڣۿȷȻû˿ĳѾǲôˣٿһˣ
ȷ壬ڸﲻҲһĴڶѣļһֱӵġ
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ʱ֮ǰȷ֮ΪǸǿ˵

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ҪǣòȷĸɣôԼûأȻֱҪɱˣ
⻹Щְ
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˵˺̫ʦ棬ɱ⣡
˵ҳ̫ʦ棬ɱ޺գ
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˵⻰ʱ򣬸ǶȷһЦȻֱӡ
Ȼʱ˿̣ȷȴǱŵȫ̱ڵˣһЦôĿ£ƽµĶҪ
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671 ıʾ
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ţǷӦ˹ȻˣԺҪ뱣ҵĻ͹ɣǶڰˣҪȥ֮ǰʦٵĵطǰ·ɣ

ǹһݣǸæҲǸæţǿʼǰ·ˡ
·Ȼûٳκεˣһ·ͨ裬ʱ˽ٵǴ
Ĵſ֮ʱһ漴һԣҲûô⣬ֱӱ˽ȥ
۵ģ˲һڳĸ̨̨ʯ̶ɣԼʮɣԶԶȥһơ
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ɻ󣬸漴´ſڵʱ򣬶ʱһ
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Ҳˣʮֹصſڣƻһ㣬ƺҲôĶȴǴһˣŻأϰȴѾ̽ˡ
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һݣ뿪ˡ
һԵؿú棬±ǿʵ㲻˵ϲǴ򽻵ôҪˣ
ϲǲϲǸ黹ǵȥȻҵļҵȨ֮ˣȴЩ飬ɲУ
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672 
Ҽʵ˵ҲֻǸʱѣ͵ģϾҲҸٵˣ
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Ҽݣ˵ʵҲһĶѣǾ޷ģϾѾʮҼ³֮⣬Ҳǲˣ
ҲԼˣԼҪ뿪˵ĻôصλҲΣˣȻ±ϾԼԸģؼԼ뿪ˣҲǲ˽Խظ̨ģܿȨȴһˣ
ϾҪһ˳ᢲҴԽǿҼزˣ
飬ȻҲģ֮ԻҼֻΪԼҵʱ·һЩҲôں飬ԼҵʱҪͬģҲǳʲô鷳¶
ȻҲĵ˸˵Ļ֮漴Ҳһĵ˵ͷ
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˵ţǼװ˼
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£Щǵõڳ˵ĸ͡
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673 
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Ȼ֪еʲôǺʣЩģ
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ҵǧ֮ǰͥģΪϡٵĹϵʹõʱҲǻһʹõģټѾǧ֮ǰˣʧûǧ֮ǰģ˭ֻϵóأ
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֮ʱԵ̫ʦ˼ɹЩɹ֮ҲɹҪֹ֮ȥ̫ʦеʱ򣬹Ȼһɹһ˲õ飬ȻʱҲȷ£ȷˣ
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674 ˮ
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Ҫ˼ֳɹ޷Ҫֶģһͥһͥĺˮֶֻͬʱʹãֳ԰ɹ
ҵɹǼΪϡٵģÿҲٿŶѣӵôӵһ˵ȷʵЩˮнˣΪֲɹˮѾһǧûвˣҲǲ֮ǰˣҲû취鰡ϾˮͥΨ˿ȡãǾżʲôã
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ֹūǸ°Ҳû취ϾǸԸ飬һ˵鲻ӦþЩū
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Ϊֹūճʱ˲ǻصǰ嵱УΪ֮ǰ͹һֱڹ۲Ե֮ʬ֮ʱǸæһץסǽһԵĵϣϵƲû䡣
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ײףʵЩף
ԣǱߵɨȴǹ˲ˣ⻰ʱ漴ǲͷ˵ʲô׵ģҵݣǿ֮ϵģʲô˵Щʲô㻹ǸϽѡ
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ףİɣҴϾȥұ֤
һߵͷ˵ţһȴнɨǸ˸飬˵ͷǵģ˼ûأǴߵ
ر֮ͨ󣬸ǸæǰʬջɨƿռڣǽǬڵظ˳
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686 ȥͥ
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ⳡ棬ǸҲǲɵóһΪǰֵЩҵδҲЩ̫˰ɣ㶼һǧˣ
һǧһȫӿ֮У֮ǰԵЩĹǱӵ
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ۿǰƺƴӪȳ棬±Ǹߺһ䡣
ţһǧ˺ҵʲôĿһ㣬˲Ÿڵķӿ˹
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˿̵ĸΪ֮ǰ飬ѾǱЩǱϵ·ҲˣһĻʱкһ
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ʱִȺ˳ǶŸһݣȻһǵʵ̫ʦ棬⡭ҼΪλأ
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⻰ʱ򣬸һʱҲЩ̫˼ϾԼܲ˵ԼεİɣȻǰǺõģ⻰òƻЩÿڰ
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⻰˲˿ٵõ˸Ĭ֮Ǹæظ
ԣڳҵӵصȴǷϵģʱ˿̣ǶǾߡ⴦Ĺе󷨡סˣ
⻹˹ˣס˺üʮˣҲ֪ԭ⴦ҵĽأȻһĹأ
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ûͷȻ֪⵽ôһ£⴦ȷʵһߵĹأ֮Իᷢôֵ飬ҲΪǾʬˣ
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Ϊ˰ȫǻֱӰһжٵɣ¾ͽˣ
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û˿ԥ±Ÿȥ˵ܳϲãϾλ̫ʦȻϵָȥһ飬˵λ̫ʦʵѾĿʼԭԼˣ
ԸЩ֮󣬸漴׼뿪ˣϾѾȫˣֻҪЩҵȥͺˣԼҲûдıҪˣ
ţȻ뵽ʲôȻǳ֡
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ðɣȻĻô㻹ǰǱżҰɣԼҿ
˵ȻҲû취ˣֻܵͷӦ
ţһ˿ԥֱӱ뿪ˡ
ո֮ǰ뷨ȴ˽һʬ嵽˭Ϊʲô֮ٽȥͥģû뵽ǣȻһ֪ҵǱĹżҲ֪Ҫãգ¶˾ģ
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687 ʬ
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ţһŵɨ˹ȥģȴһ㶮õı顣

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ţû˿ԥ±ǽʬɨƿռ˳Ȼƽǰһʯϡ

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688 һֻ
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òǸûж֪İԼҲδ߹ɨǣô֪أ
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689 仯֮
ǰֻӣȻϵëңвٵĵطˣβһ֮һ˫۾Ҳ鶯ޱȣĺСЩ֮

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˭뵽أ֮ǰδСӾȻôѧ˱仯֮
Ȼ⻰СȴǸæҡҡͷԲԣⲻǱ仯֮һûѧȥأʵҲ֪⵽ô£ֻ֪˾һŽ桯ĹϡͿ֮ͻȻͱˣ
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690 ͯ
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691 òͥɣ
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䣬ˮϺǳһ˼飬֮ǰģƺеĳЩǻΪǸǸͥأ˭뵽ǾȻ˼֮أ
һʱ䣬˼ִźǸˮõ˵ͷʱǵɫǱЩѿ
һ˲Ĺ򣬸Ҳ͵ػعˣˮö˼żĿ־ģǿ˼ķǾͺħһ㡣
뵽˲Ϊεҡҡͷ漴ǸæȰο˺ˣ֪ڵʲôİɣ˼ķǲû֮ǰеôµģ˼һĵط˵ΥҵҶЩʲô飬Ǿͷĺˣ
⻰ˮõɫ𽥻һЩ
̫ʦ棬ӵˣ
ʱͻȻԲԶ
⻰Ǹæˮ÷ԸˣҪȥһʮҪ飬Ǿʱʰһ·ˣסˣûҵķԸǧ򲻿Գ𣿡
˷ģūˣ
ۼˣˮһĵ˵ͷ
ţ˳ȥʱ˿̣ЩȲҪ֪ǾΪ֮ʬ嵽ôˣ


692 żеļ
ɣ
֮󣬸漴ת˹ȥͷҲصı׳仰
ԥűǸæ˸
˸ط±ǸæеĶǰл̫ʦ棬ҪĶˣ
գһƣֻŵһķĺӣӳʽɫһùƷģҲûôԥֱӱǽӸ˹
ִ򿪺ӣ۵漴һѾͷĹżˣżΪƾɣֽŶѾˣҲǧϵʷˡ
Ȿżʱ򣬸ҲһСģΨˣżƻˡ
շⱾżʱ򣬸ǿһԵۼˣΪǸʾԼرܣ˵£æǶŸݵף뿪̫ʦоˣӾţʲôֱӺӾͿˣ
˵⻰±׼˳ȥˡ

˭֪ʱ
һ㶣ŸæǷӦ˹ȻֶŸݵ̫ʦ棬֪ʲôԸ
ʱûУʱŰɣҵȻܻеҪ㣡

⻰æһػص
˵⻰ְһˡ
ʵ˵տʼʱ򣬸ȷʵҲ׼뿪ģǽ뵽Щ鲢ֻ鱾¼ģȻԼѾⱾżˣеѵ
Ͼܣǲᱻصģ֪һЩżûмصأ
ǺջǾˡ
ţһķⱾż
żмأǧ֮ǰһ˴ңָյҪʱҼʱҼΪȻȻҲǲԸˣ
û뵽ǣ˾Ȼһֱ֮ӴҼסĵط֮ٳʱ򣬵ʱҼȴȫһ̬ȣ
չżе˵ӦǡΪˡ
±ЩʣżصȻ֮ǰͭڵǾΪ֮ʬˡ
֮ҵʱ򣬲Կ˵ģһߵģһһֱ˵ʱҼסĵط˵ҿ϶ӦŭɽҲŶ԰ôᾪΪأ
Ȼ֮ݺܲһ㣬ǸѾ֪ˣǰżϼص֮ӦûнԼʵݸߵʱЩҵӻҼŶԣȻƾͶ۾˵ĹϵʱҵǶӦֻǾΪô򵥵ˣ
ȻʲôϵˣҪ潫ԼݸߵʱҼĻֻµʱҼûıˡ
Ȼ˵Ļô֮ʱпܲ˵ʲôչʾĳѣϾ֮ǰĹеţţ֮϶Ҳʮǿģ
죬Ǽȥ
֮Ҳûд϶೤ʱ䣬ֻǺ͵ʱҼ̸һ֮뿪ˣ̸飬ȴ֪ˣⱾżҲûмء
ڱ֮ǰŸ뿪ʱҼ㿪ʼܵһ飬ν飬Ȼ޽֮ǰȥǴˣ
ȵؽ֮ʱȻʮ֮ˣ
ȻҲڽؽ֮ʱ֮ٴң
û֪ʲô飬Ҳû֪͵ʱҼйĶԻеҵӶֻ֪ʮǰҵʱʮ꣬ʮ֮ҵʱȴֻжʮˣ
··ϲ෴ãǵûһ˿˥ϣǱԽ
һ뿪֮ʱ֮ǴзһĶ󷨽û֪ʱ֮Ƿʲôȥֻ֪ߣ
Ҳݣ
ⱾƾɵĹż֮ϣ±̲סһ䣬Ϊʵе̫ˣ򵥶˵Ƿ˼ˣ
ϻͯ¾Ͳ˵ˣϾͷôеıҲģָ֮ôأ
νڽзһĶԼʬ𣿿ôأԼԼʬһطְ֮Ȼ뿪أ

ܰʱǾ壬УȷʵӦһʬŶԣҼԼˣʦɨῴ
ָôأ
֮ҽ֮漴ɱˣȻԼʬͭײڣǰȻ뿪ˣ
òô붼е㳶ɣ


693 аɲ᲻첻𲻳
ȥʼջ벻еĵǿһԵ漴ǳʵⱾżȻŵļ飬еϸȴû˿ļأ㻹֪һЩ𣿡
֮ǰüͷʱ֪϶ˣ֮ǰҲ׼µûȷʵ֪һЩżϲصģ
ʵ֮ǰҲûôǾ˽ġ
ĸҲεҼȥ֮ǰһܸҸһܱ֪Ҿ˵Ѿػǧ֮ˣֻҼпڿഫκ鱾ϼأֻһʵǽеĶߣȻٽܸ
һֱҲǲΪȻģΪνѾػǧ֮ˣȴûеȵǸν˭֪Ǹ˵׻᲻أ
ֱλ̫ʦ洳أ׵ص󷨣еʬ壬͵ĸ֮ǰ˵Ǹܣ
νܣʵҲֻһ仰ѣ˵֮ǰҵǸ͸¶ģʱҼΪ仰ݲЩ˿֪ģǾʹ»ڽĳһΪ˼Ļ£˱ÿڿഫķʽһһǧˣ
뿪֮ʱҼڲõĽǰڽеĶȵʱҵˣ
ҲΪʱҼŻΪԼʱǸҲӦøǸ߽жˣ
ʣȻǸˣ
ʯ䣬Ȼǻе飬û˿ԥ漴ǶŸ˵̫ʦ棬Ӽ˵ҼΪ̫ڼɵ˵ݣԲδʲôõĶ̫ʦղŷǱżǵһλдµģλΪûֱӲ飬ԾȻҲǲ֪ˣ֮ǰȷʵһܣܱ֮һֱҼţµȻɵˣ
Ŷʲôܣ˵
۷Ź˵
տʼ˵Щʱ򣬸жٻЩʧģǵʱǱеǸܸסˣû˿ԥæǴߴ
ۼˣ±ǰһȻյߵ˵һ仰˵⻰֮Ǹæ˵һȥˡ
ŵɫʱʱһΪʱ˿̣ɫʵЩ̫ˡ
̫ʦ棬û°ɣ
ãСѯʵ
Ŷûû£ֻͻȻһЩѣ
һʱ䣬ҲǸæӦ˹űİ˰֣Уȴһ޷𾪡
аɲ᲻첻𲻳ɣ
ĬĬ߶һ֮ǰԼ˵Ǹܣ˳˼֮С
ôҲû뵽ǾΪ֮ʬ壬ȻҲǧ˿ƵĹϵ
аɲ᲻첻𲻳ɣ仰˼ֻһˣνаɣָȻˣΪľ죬ȻǡԼˣ
ȵȡ
аɲ᲻첻𲻳ɡ
߶⼸仰͵һΪ仰ǸΪ֮ļһﲢδȥ
ǲԼҲȥǲôԼҲԸɣ
Ҫڽ֮ǰ߿Ļ϶һЦ֮ģڣȴôҲЦˣΪףЩƺģ
Ϊ֮ļһƺĲûȥ
ȻԼʬ壬ȴǰȻ뿪ˣ˲ɵӣ²ĵĻΪҪ
ָôأô˻أ
µʬ壬Ȳʲô۷Ҳʲô֮Ķеı壬ǡ
֮֮㵽ʲô
ã̾˿һΣжʱӿͷ
ȻĿǰ֪֮ôı£Ǵ֮ǰͥķӦ֮֮ǰȻͥһԱˣһɨǡ۾Լǧ˿Ƶϵ
ļһʿ϶ǲöԸģҲûˣͳһƺû
аɲ᲻첻𲻳ɡ
ֱ߸Ϊ֮ļһ϶ǻ˼ģ


694 
ò˵黹Щ˼һֱΪ˼Լ϶ǰȫģϾԼʵݻûй¶Щ֮⣬Ҳû֪ʵݣ
ڿƺô¶
Ϊ֮ļһòһֱ˼䲶ɱɣһֱѰԼ⻹Щְ
֮ɨʲôϵֺ˵ĹϵҪǽˣԼҲЩְ̫
˵ˣһòǲģһһĲϵĲļһָôɱأ
ɱпֻḴʲôô
ţ漴Ϊͷͷ֮࣬żοģΪȻ֪˱֮飬ͬʱҲģҲǿЩ׼ˡ
ܱһ֪Ҫõöˣ
㻹֪ʲô𣿡
Ƭ֮󣬸ǿһԵʵ
ɵ飬Ȼǲܱ֪ˣԹܵݣȻҲǲ͸ˣ漴׼뿪ˡ
Ȼܺһеô£Ϊʲôλ̫ʦǸν֮ôķӦȴҲǿˣλ̫ʦԲûҪһ£Ȼ˵ĻôԼȻҲǲˡ
ţȴǲûż뿪ֶŸ˰ݣ漴˵̫ʦ棬ӦǻסЩӵİɣ
֮ǰ˼ЩǣЩ˼䶼Ƶģ˼̫ͣõʱ䣬ǸͲһˣȻ˵ͽܣӱ˵ȴȻһˣȻǷ˵Ļô϶Ҫס˼ˣ
룬ȷʵġ
⻰±ǵ˵ͷûȻʱ˵׼ʮ»ҪģʦзԸҪһ£ԼǹһصƽȥˣҲżĹģ
Ȼ
⻰е±һϲ漴Ǹæ˵ȻĻô̫ʦ߿϶ҲǲûˣӲţŵĴеҵѡʮ毺õŮӣȻò˵ǣҲ˼ˣǴ֮Ժ̫ʦӰɣ̫ʦҪƴǣ
ҿ
ȵ⻰˵ʱ򣬸±̲סһ䣬µ֮ǰЩŮǸˣ
ⶼ͸Լﰡ
֮ǰʱ򣬶Ϊ˰ͽԼˮ͸ԼȻҲѧһ־ȻʮŮ
Ȼ˵ֻǷ̣е˼᲻֪أ
ϧǣûдҪݴһǺɫ֮ˣҲûЩŮνߵŮҲʵеˣˮõĻˣ⻹ˮײĺˮõ飬ҲûҵʵĻͷƽͣµʵڲʲô鷳ˡ
òƾֱӾܾҲЩõİɣǵ֪Ѷ˲У
ţһ⣡
һЦǿ˵⵹ˣ
̫ʦˣæǫң˵ǿңЩҲǵӵķ֮¶ѣ
Цŵ˵ͷһתˣĺˣЩŮ˰ɣòǵģǴȥɣ

⻰һ㶣Ϊ֮Ի˵ղЩѾӦģ˭֪ȻֱӾܾأ
вʣǿʵ̫ʦ棬һ˾ס֮УЩ㣬ӻҪչ˵ģǰɣֻǾЩŮ̫⣿ûϵȥЩˣ
˵⻰±׼ȥˣƺҪȥһŮ
ۼˣΪεҡҡͷű˫£Ȼˮ¡ˮˮ飬ɣ
ͻһ±ǲɵֹס˲ŵٻعͷʱ򣬺Ȼ㿴ŹװľŮһԵڿ˳
ʱסˣ
Ȼʱȴν֮ǰˮõûǱܵĺãҪκ֪Ǹղȴǲɵı⡣
ǰһ𾪵֪ǽˣ


695 ֮
ǰλ̫ʦʵҲֻһ˶ѣȻǷˣôҲз˸еǺһ飡
ȴû뵽λ̫ʦߣȻѾ⼸λɫ˶ˣ
Ůֻǿһ۱㲻ȥˣΪףɲԼÿĶ
ţкҲЩ˵ԼЩһˣǰŮһǿǵ˶ЩŮӿԱģ
ҪǣЩŮϵĴ磬Բһ˰ѵҲλ̫ʦʦ͸Ů̴
һ뵽Щˡ
ۼˣһЦǷԸˣҲ˰ɣʵ˷̵ģ֮ǰʮŮʵڲܽˣ㻹ɢ˰ɣ
⻰ﻹԥ±Ǹæݵ
˵⻰漴׼˳ȥˡ
⣬ƺȻ뵽ʲôǺȻᣡ
һ㶣ҲǸæͣȻһĿ֪̫ʦ滹кηԸ
֮ǰҵʱɽµͣƬ̣ΪеҵӣҲ޿ɺǵģЩ˼ȻԸ뿪ôҲҪ̫ǿˣҲø˼һЩ·ǣ˵ʲô˼ɣ
˵ţһ˼˹ȥ
Դתķɿ죬ȵʱѾ⵽ôˣϾһҲһΪѵõĴˣȻҲǱҪģ
ҲΪˣ漴뵽ǼҲϽԼǵķˣһֱҲûôϣϾҷһֱǿԷĿ˲ģû˿ˣôȻҲǼֲ˶õģʱȥչȻҲ°빦ˡ
֮ǰȷʵģڡȴǲɵøı⣬еԭȻҲΪǰλ̫ʦ濪ˣ
̫ʦģףϾȥ飬֤κεĲ
ţһ˵
ۼˣһЦűȥɣ
˳ȥ
֮ǰҵ;УΨһӪҵķгһٷԷʱ˵ϰ壬Ӧ֮룬֮£ȻҲǲˣ
ǰŸߣ֮ǰһֱΧڸߵˮȴǲɵ˿ˮһظһЩŵ˵ԭǾǷ˰ƺҲûд˵еô°
Ϊ£ֻΪη˵ĴڣŲ˿ķ˲ڵĻ˭֪ôأ
ˮЩµ˵
ˣͲҪϹˣˮЩ˵׿ɲ£ֻҪ߾ǰȫģôʲô
⻰ˮˮ漴¶һ˼ģĿŸ˹
ǰˮãǾЩЦǿ˵Ȼ֪жൽôĴԣǴɷģǾû˵˺ǵģǰȫģ
Щ֮ǰѾ˵һˣˮûͨķ֮ǰȻǼôЩֻ˵һˣ
ԣ˵ЧǱϴκõöˣ䣬ˮõ±ĶŸȥ
ʱúܿ죬գۼǵϣѸ˵ˣҲæһˣԵЩҲѾĲˣҲûԥ漴ǷԸЩҵϲˣ
ȵһ˰ӵʱ򣬸Ϊ֣һķδҲЩ̫ڷʢ˰ɣ
Ϸɵġܵġˮεģ뵽ʳȫǰˣգȥҲһٶˣ
ȻЩȴûøЩ޷ʵĶˣʵҲø˿
ĻЩϲ˵ҵӣǴõĳһ߳Իһкˮһԡ
Ҫһ£ˮÿ϶ǲģϾū˼Ѿǵд˳ɰǧˣô׸ıģ
ԣȴˣ
ΪشĹϵʳҲǼΪĵһ޷ǾһЩϺиֺеֲˣǻŻɰǧҲˮЩˡ
ۿǰȻǰһ֮ǰǴδʳǵҲЩĴָ


696 ˮеŮ
еʳ֮ǰȻҲǼʶˣ˵ҲʮֵķʢδȴЩ̫Щȵ׼Щʳ
ԼʱĹͣΪԼ׼ʳȻҲõˣˮֻеŮԵʳ϶Ǹ˰ɣ
ٿˮһڴ񣬸εЦ
ˣҲϽɣǰҪô񣬶ôķһҲԲ겻ǣܲ˷ˣ԰ɣ
һŷˣһЦſǰԥˮ˵
⻰һڣˮһűǸԳһŵȻʼ̻ʵģˮóԷģҪÿˡ
˷ˣ˽ϵĶȥǿ˿ʱ䣬Ȼϰ˵ˡ
ҲһˣҲͲЩʲôˣˮȻҲ֪ҪģֻǼ򵥵ź˸ԡ֮󣬱ȥķϢȥˡ
ڴϣһʱЩ˯ţ˼˱֮飬˼ģȴǸôɵ֮
Ͼ֮ǰõϢѾǿȷˣ֮϶ͥɵ˼׷ɱ˼ɻԼģʣһ϶ǵˣ
ɱѾǰ϶ˣøЩƵǣԼ׸ôɱ֮أ
֮вɱɱѵ𣿿ǻ˵ˣһͥôิӵıҪɱĻôͥ᲻Լɵأ
¶ԼԳˣ˴Ͳ˰
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˼ŵ׸ô֮ʱռڣǷһֵ죬죬Ȼ͵øͷһ
ǳޱ𾪵ɫǽһĹȴǺޱϲɫ
Ϊʱ˿̣ȻǲˣˮײŮǳˣ
û˿ԥ±ռУ
ʱ˿̣ղҲռе˶ޱȺȻΪ쳣ģһ޷Ӵ
һԺĵԭʼ֮ǿ˷˼ĵزһʱ䣬ռڵСǶǱŵùڵأеĹҲˣ޴˿ȻҲǲǹǿӶſ˵ϣҲҶһ£
ʱΨһվŵģǰøĿһˣɵɫ㲻ѷ֣ҲʮֵĽŵģ
һĹ򣬿ǿռУû˿ԥ漴Ǹæ첽˸ߣȻЩżʵ⡭⵽ô£ΪʲôͻȻôǿĺ֮ѵǷǵĴ𣿡
νǣָȻһеˣ
ſһһŵģ漴ǸæȰοİɣ⡭ֻҵһѻ˶ѣûеģţȥȥ
˵⻰漴֮ǰˮײڵķȥˡ
ȻŸ϶ǲʲôǵ飬ǹڸеνѣȴ˿Ҳŵˣ
ʱ˿̣¶˾ģ˵Ҷǳ֣ôȻҲǻȫԸģ
ҲҪƴƣ
֮ǰΪ˻ˮײеŮԸ⽫ȷû˿ҵõֱڣ֪ˮײĵҲ޼
֮ǰˮײĵĵطԶģһӰӳ˸һʱ䣬ȻΪ
ӰȻǱԼģϤĸоһӳ˸ģ̿ˮǰ˹ȥ
ʱŮƺҲǸӦ˸Ĵڣűǻתӣʱ򣬸Ҳ̲סͣ
漴۵ģһĲɷգ֮֮ǰˮײĿջҪһ˫۾ҹеǳһɾû˿
һʱ䣬Щˣ
˸֮Ůһӱƶ˸ߣű˹ʧһ飬㶵վ˹Ҳ֪˵Щʲô
Ŀ࣬ʼնû˵һĸо˼˿
Ƭ֮Ůջ֣Ȼ̧ͷϿյҪˣ
ߣ
⻰ͷ͵һ


697 ħŮ
Ϊ֪ŮνߣȻȥͥˣ
ǰ֮ǰɨǵ˵֮ͥӦǲڵģȻ֮ǰҲǲὫӡˣ
ȥͥ˭֪Ľ᲻Ǻ֮ǰЩһ
飬ֻ;Щˣ
ţû˿ԥ±ǸæȰУҪȥĵطôҿ϶ǲģΨͥȴǲȥģ֮ͥеĳЩڣǲڵģȥͥô϶ǻģ
֮ǰɨǵ˵ŮӦǽоħŮģ;֮ϵľŮͬϴڣϸ˵ĻǾŮĽˣ
вƣʱȴǲСļȡһ˿ħͥĴ֮ΨΪһ˿ħ;Žӡˮײ֮ڣҽԶķ
˵ףˮײеŮԴû˺һһľֻΪܾ֮ǰһЩʶľٶ˳
飬֪ͥϵȻҲ֪ģˣ֮ͥеȴǲģ
ԭֻΪ֮ѾһλŮˣʵݲµڶλˣ
ȥͥȻǾһģ
飬ζǲģ
ŸһļħŮ΢΢һЦһĹ򣬸кһ峺ޱȵ
ҵĹأұҪȥ
ģ
ڵ
֪һûȥ
ѵȥıȻŻҪĻô֮ǰǲӦþģҲֺ֮㣡
ǿ˵г޾˸У
ʱЩǱȻŸҪģȻҶò࣬ӦҲ׵İɣллңǷģԺỹģ
ħŮڸ
Ҳףį˵ҲҪǷκζֻúõĻȥ
İɣԵĻһǻѡģذɣǽڼģ֮ǰ͸ЩΪɣټˣ
һڸֵģħŮɢΡ
˴˿̣˵Щʲôأ
һʱ䣬һɲίǿֻŵĸоӿ˸ͷЩʲôкӿһĸоָо޷ٿ˵ЩʲôͬʱҲ޷ȥЩʲôˡ
ΨһģĿ뿪ˣ
أ
ǰǸɢЦݣ˵仰
ţǰˡ
ǽһĹ򣬸ͷ͵һ漴һ˼ǰⷽ˹ȥ
˵֮ǰͺռŲɷָϵµָоʵ̫˰ɣֱһѪĸо·ռ䱾ԼĶһ㣡
ţ͵뵽ʲô漴ǸæعͷȥǰĶЩزˡ
ռ䡢ȪˮЩһȥĶȴȫ˵ʲô˵һȥȷʵǱű֮ȥģȻֺοˣ
ĸЩʲôأ
ѵҪ飬ıȻŸҪ𣿡
˵ϣ
һעߵģ
ڶһ磬ĳƫƧСɽУһ곤һĺļϻƽĹ£
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698 ϦǺ
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ϼһ㵱ʱͦôûи˵ʲôأ
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ȻЩЩҵʱͻȻһӷӦˣ˿϶һ˰ܴɽĹײֱӱĳģΪǽʬǿ˵ģֲ񣬶ҵʱֵʱ֣̫ǸʱҲӦûнʬ
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ƭһСͷʲôֵ˼ƭģ͸ҵģֲҪģʲôƭƭģҲ֪ǸڳεİɣպҲڼңҾøˣʱҲһأ֮⶧ֵʮأĻѵм𣿡
˵⻰ɽͷһСĽ⶧Ԫ
£ڳͷĻˣȻʵЩ˼ɽͷеǶȴüٵģ˵ɽͷ飬붼ˣ
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699 ҹɽϣ
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Ҳ֪˶ãǰǳһϸһƺһɽ֮ǲͣģǵ͸õĴſɽʱкһ˿ű˽ȥ
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ҲûжĹϵֻҪԼòúʱһģһô϶뵽ǵ֮УʱҪ˽ʱҲͱ׶ˣ
ţ֮ĳһȻĿʼ˼һ׸ôˡ
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ȻֻּûкҲûдԼô֮ȻҲѡˣ漴ǿʼĿ˼ȫҲߵֻˡ
Ƭ֮ǰĹϹǱǸԵһɶˣδģȻûгԱ
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700 ҹɽ£
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701 ǳԲõ
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µǲȥͥģֻǵͥٻˣΪ˰ȫǺɫϢУ
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״̬£ȻҲĽˣˮõķ¼򵥵ϴһ֮ˮˮûصռڵĹ漴ǳš
մŵһ˲䣬صӰǳ˸ǰ
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ЩˣҪؼһˣڽ黹֮˵ɣȥһкˣȥ˵ɣ
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Ҫ뿪ңҵκ˶ǲģΪ˭֪ҵϱֱҲ˵ҵȨ֮ˣλѾǳҵμȻЩûʲôȤⲢϵĵλ
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ţһ˿ԥš
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⻰±˿Ȼ֪⵽ôһ£ǴӺ𻰵ǿ϶ûµģ
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֮ǰû뵽ʱϸһ룬ȫ׹ˣȻӿֲõԤеĲΪʮǿΪʮΪʲôԼ
˵Լȷʵʶʮģ˵ʵҲһ֮Եѣ֮䲢ûʲô̫Ľ飬ʵǲõŰݷðɣ
˵ˣ֮ǰʮ˵еʮԼΪɨǵǼΪмģȻ˵ĻΪʲô𽵹أ
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һֱöǵµΨԼһСľͻᱻɱʮδЩ̫ߵ˰ɣ׷ɱߵʱһֱ׷ͥѵͲԼᱻͥЩǷ
˵ˣԼ֮ǰʮʱҲûвɵϢȻˣôأ


702 ּʮ
ڣһУǼʮ
Զ㷢ʮվԼҵĿУлԼ֮ǰͥĹɾƣһߺһָ˵ЩʲôҲСĵҲҳһ¡
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صüΪΣǿ϶Ƿֲ˵ģҼǷˣǿ϶Ҳǲó˺ȵģ˵ɾʮϼһԼģ
ҪΪʮϼһԼǿ̫Ļʱȥˣ

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֮ǰŵʱ򣬷ƺ͹ʮ˵˲ûǸʱˣ֪Ҳֻкһ˶ѣʮԣȻǱе̳ӾƸסˣﻹ˵ʲô
һ˲䣬ʮҲЦȻСӣǻ˰ҪǲĻһȥ׽أ
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ϾǰλǿʵԱȼɨǵġ
ԣ
뵽кǿһΪ㵵ķ֣ʱʮȻǱ֮ǰ˺ܴı仯㼸ǴͿĳˣ֮⣬ȻЩ͸ʵΪˣ
⻹Щ˼ֻǶ̶̵ļʱ䣬ʮȻȫһһ㣬ΪҲ˲٣⻹ǻ˰
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703 ʮĹ
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ΣѹͷǷԼĳɼȻþе޸磬ǡ
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ͬǣػǿģھ콫δʱ˾죬ӡһͭźʩþ츴ط
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ˣͥһ˼䣡
֮ǰǸˣǵʱ֮ͥһˣһˣȴ֮ͥУһˣȻʮˣ
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ӴԺʮ˼俴ͭţ˸֮ͥ˵עһˣһֱǱߣȴźʵʱ
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һΪ֮췣ǺɱģҪɱͬһʱ̸ɵУȻĻһ֮»ص֮УһôеصһУʱ췣ˣ
Ҫ֪νع鲢һһһô򵥵ģҪϸ˵ĻҲֻ˵ȫһٱˡ
ʮҲڵһʱӦˣͬʱҲ֪˸飬˺˷ɢϵ֮˸
ʮ֮󣬸Ѿֻü򵥵𾪿ݵ˵ˣѾ𾪵Ըӵĵز
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704 ҵ˭
ʮ˵Ȼ֪һеһжֻ֮ǰµһˣûгΪͥɨǵʱڣǳΪɨ֮ѾǳΪʮٿصһöˣ
кŭȻ֮ǰѾµԼȥͥпܾǺ˸ɵ飬ǵ֪֮ǹ֮ӿ
ӣֻһöӣ
һ뵽Լ֮ǰֶпǱǰƻõģеǹ֮Ǹʢ˼֣
ۼˣʮʱǱĵȻֻ࣬Ҫ˵ӵĻأҲֻǱʹõһöӰˣҶѾǿˣֻҪܴĿģҲνˣ
Ҹ㲻һҡͷȻûôȻֻΪһöӻţҪȥͥĿΪ˽֮ͥϵЩɰɣȻѾˣôҲȥǵˣӴԺҺ޹ϸ𣡡
⻰˵ʮ־ȻȻ֪ԼɵĹϵֻһ仰ͿԻ޵ģĵķŭ̲ס˵Ļ
һûʲô̫룬ֻúõĻ䣬ΪһҲͥɨҲգֻ֮ҪܰȵĻȥ͹ˣڹɻо飬͵Ǵûڹˣ
⻰ʮǵû˿ֵЦĸɫһ䡣
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ֻҪһ۾ǰͻȥͬǣұΪɱѾǶûκεĸоˣҴˡ
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ת֮ȻļˣǲʧˣǱӡļУݼ䣬ǻָģľ֮ΪĴ
֮ǰͥʱӦҲǼʶôԴǵ˵İɣ³Ǻ̫ģǻҪң
࣬ı죬˭֪ĵеҲⰡ
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˵Լ֮ͥҲʶٵĴ֮ˣһԼй¶֮Щ˻Լֻµʱǲ׷ɱԼӷ˰ɣ
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֮ǰʮ˵Դӷ֮ս֮һֱ˼ˣȻĻôȻҲ˵֮ģϾ֮һֱ˼䲶ɱɵģû׼ʮͱ֮أ
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Ҳ꺮֮УЩֹĵһ鷳޷ɱĴڣ´ʱǧǵҪ־룬ϲû˶еϢӦǲᷢʵݵģסˣʱһҪ֣
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705 Σյĵطȫĵط
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ǰŸ̤ռ䣬ʮ±ǼΪ̾˵û뵽û뵽Ȼı£ⷽأǿʥҲУ㾿εģ
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ǡҲȫҪ֪ҵһݿһͥеˣÿҪһΣܲҴȥͥɣҿǺòײŰǸģѵҪҴȥΣ֮𣿡
ڸʵЩ̫ˣͥеɣͺñǹŴ͢ĹԱЩɾͺñǹŴͨ͢ҪҪһԱһȺͨҪڻʹлεǶôȵⰡ
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ʮϵЦʱǲһ˿ԾĵطʮǲԵ޹˵ЩģʮǲὫƵΣձԵģǼȻˣΪʲôô˵أ
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Ǹ˸ǰĳ룬ʮЦͶˣ㶼ΪģôͥеЩȻҲǻΪˣһһŻΣյĵطȫĵط˵ǲأ
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֮ǰԪ˧۵ּ⣬ʼ֮ͥдĲɱɣȻ֪󵽵ôβģò֮ͥѾ֮ǰͥеȻǱȫˣ
˿֮ͥоǲκεɴˣҲΪɶΣյĵطҲͳȫĵطˣ


706 춯ذĴ
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ȻʮֵĲԸ鵽һ˵Щʲôأ
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⻰ʮͿһЦ
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ȻѾǴӦˣôҾͰ֮ǰҵЩȫչˣⷽ˹ٶһЩҲ޷ģ

һʱ䣬Ϊ鵽һòƻĲþܾˣ漴ֻǵ˵ͷУ˵ôôɣǱжˣ
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⻰һڣʮͿǲԼֹͬסˢˢ˹øһĪ
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𡭡Ǳˣæֵһʲô˲õĴ¶Ҫ֪Ļֻ˼ˣһҪ찲أ˰ɣʲôλžͺˣ
ܱʮ֮Ϊ춯ذĴ£ڸµΣճ̶Ҳǲòˣ϶ΣյԸӵĵز˵֪¶ʲôôֻµʱҲֻƽհˣȻĻôΪʲôҪ֪أ
Ŷһ²һµ뷨ʵǲ֪ʮ˵ĵʲôˣ
ƼģʮͿЦҡҡͷƬ֮ʮֵðɣȻ˵ĻôҲǿˣͷž飬ҺͿɣ
䣡
⻰ʱ򣬸Դһը˿ȻʮеǼ춯ذĴѾֵĲ²⣬ȴȻû뵽ʮ˵Ȼͷͭڵľ죡
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707 츴
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ƹѲ֮ڸЩͷУǽˡ
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⻰еǿһ죬Ϊò֮ǰʱǼһﻹһĲʬɣ
ȻܶȴûԼʶеֻԭʼıܣòǳʲôϵɣ
ţ漴Сʵǰ쵽һڰεĻεģʶĻûʶģ
֮ǰѾ˵ԼûйǰκμģôȻҲǲֳܱԼѾˣʱ򣬸ֻװɵˣԼװԽɵŻʮͿŷ
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Ƭ֮󣬿ʮ˵ҲǹֲˣϾûоǰļ䣬黹˵ɣϾû˱˽ˣ
Цŵ˵ͷʮǿ챾εĴڣҲˣʵ壬̬ǲͬģάεģˣȴ΢ЩͬʶߵĴڣȻԼʶˣ
΢Щͬӵذɣ
̲סΪ֮ǰţȻûһȷʵ̫ˣϼû۾ҲûбӶ֮٣еֻһ˶ޱȶһ˼ͣ˵ʲô죬˵ǹĸЩأ
ҼȻӦʶģô׹֮صǸָôأⲻ֤ǸȷʵĲ
ȻĻôʲôأ
Ҳ֪ô£ȻѾ֪ԼпܾǾתǸȴǶ԰׹֮еǾ߾ʬûʲôøеģܵĻԥĸɵֵĸожʮֵĺ档
ȻЩҲˣȴ򲻸˵ġ
ţǶʮװ˼ĵ˵ͷȻȴʮ˵ȥ
ʮ˵ҷӡʱ򣬾Ѿǵ˱״̬ˣΪ˾ôһֱڲϵĲɱһָɾˣ
üͷʵ󣬶ҾΨһ죬ǳʲôĻ˭ǵεģȷĸ𣿡
ҵȻȷˣ
˵⻰ʱʮϺһּΪ˷ܵɫ
֮ǰȥŲɱĶȥʱķ֮оȻǴһ춯ǰδе鰡֮ǲκεĻڵģǿң֮ҲƬ֮仯Ϊһ߰׹ǣҲû֪Ǵ󷨵֮ˣʱұ֪ѾˣϾͣҲ벻ˣ
ʮһ˷ܵ˵
⻰Ҳĵ˵ͷΪʮҲ˽ģ֪ʮ˵Ķģ󷨺ʮıǿдĻʮȻǻģ˵󷨺ǿ󣬼ȥҲûаտԳŹһʱ˾츴֮⣬ƺҲûԭˣ
ţһƳȴÿЩΪʱ˿̣ģòе㲻̫ԾɣͺǱʲôŵһ㡣
к棬±ǿʵСֵܣôˣû°ɣ
ţʮҲΪ˹
Ȼʱôû°ʮ˵֮е춯ʱе±ǿһ죬֮ǰڰ׹֮صľһһԺ֮С
ʮѻ˵ʱ򣬸Ѿȷˣʮ˵춯ʵ֮ǰԼͶ̫һԿʱ춯
ôҲ˵ʮ֮뽫ųֻΪˣ
⻹ǲٵ
Сֵܣû°ɣ
ʱ
һӣ͵ػعű㿴ʮͿһĶԼ
ܻŲܻţʱǧܻŰ
ǿ֮󣬸Ǽװһп˵֮ǰΪֻһ鷲ˣһͥѾĪ컯ˣȴû뵽Լһݣû뵽ȻǣϵĴڣҪǽλǰ̸һӶֻһֻ֮ˣ
ڸ⻰ʮͿǼΪõģ֮ǰĺʱҲɢˣǿ֮ǰȷʵǲ֪ЩģȻ˵Ļôɴ˷ӦҲӦˣ
ǰͷķӦеĬĬ˿
ҪȰʮ䣬ǽ㷢ʮȷʵ¶Ҫʬųˣƺмֹǣʮļ£ƺҲǲ˵Щʲôˣʱ򣬸ҲֻǱˣ
ϾԼ֮ǰȥ׹֮صܶκ˵ģеҲУΪǹغݰ
ֱĿǰΪֹûдҪκˣ˿ʮһȻʱ򣬸ֻε̾˿֪ΪΣεͬʱĪһ롣
Ҫܻٵʬͺˣ
ճֵ˲䣬εҡҡͷϾֲûԹ̫һôĴڶ޷ʬ壬绹˭õأҲֻʥ˰ɣ
츴ļƻ֮ǰѾǿʼˣ˵žͶ˵ģ޷ǾʱˣԼ֮ǰҪûȥ׹֮صĻͷžʱϼ꣬µò˵ҲûˣʮͿѾ˭޷Ȱˣ
ĿǰΨһľǣͷžĿĵʲôΪ˺һǿսĻôɾǲ˰
ȻʬǿʮҲǿҲſͥɵǱͥʵǵ̫ڱˣĿսĻôǱɣ
ɲǸ뿴ģҪǣ˫һսָվһأҪ϶ǲʵģϾ֮䶼źĽ飬ҪѡһɱһĻأ
ţЩͷͷ۹ͷۣ»ǿʮʵǰ֪ͷžĿĵʲôȻҲ֪쵽ǶôǿŶٵˣȴ֪һǾҪǿʮͥ԰콫ɣ巽ϡ䶷Ǽʡϰ˶塢ĵ̫ۡɡ˶ʸǧ֮ڣͥлˣǿ˵ڳ־Լ磬ʵˣһսĻôǱɣ
һЩ˵꣬ǱȻ˵ЩпܻʮܿܲˣʵˣԼû˵ʲô
֪
ţʮ
Ҳ֪
Ҳǽ
ȻⲻҪģҪһʵЩ̫ȻˣȫҲûһ˿Ľš
⡭òе㲻Ծɣ
һ̧ͷʮͿʱԽӲΪķ֣һǵûһ˿ĽţȻϵˣǿԼȻЩŹ
һʱ䣬Щɻ
ѵԼˣʮͿͷžĿĲΪ˺һǿս


708 ͷžĿ
˭ͷžĿΪ˺һǿսģ
ʮһЦĿŸʵ
һԵĿҲЦҡҡͷ
⡭⻹ЩΰпܵȻǱܵ飬һʱ䣬Щ
Ƭ֮󣬸һ˼˵ˣһΪ֮Ҫͷž죬ΪľǺһǿսȨأΪ˿սĻôΪʲôأ
ͷѷǿٶĿĸֻ뵽һǾΪһĳϵʤ㣬֮ǰǰ֮ȻȻı뵽飬ڿƺô°
ţʮǿˡ
Һ֮ǰѾ˰ɣǶսֶѾܷζˣȲѵĻǲκ˳ֵģӲᷢʲôսͷžĿҲܼ򵥣ֻΪ˺һ̸жѣ
̸У
⻰жʱΪΪʵЩ㲻ʮ˵̸еʲô˼Ͼ֮ǰͥɵֻҪһ֣ԵıͥǵɱУ˵ĻᶼûУҸ֮ǰԪ˧˽⣬ͥǸɱ۵ģ¸ôȥ̸أ
ţҡҡͷУҾǲܵģͥһǸɱ۵ģǶԣֻǿʱɱ֣ûʸȥ̸еģ
֪ӿڵ˵Ҳ֪ҪĹؼڣ
Ŷô˵
⻰˼ֵȤ
˵Ҫһǽ̸Уǿ϶ǲģ˵ģͥôɣĿǰ˵ֻѻʯѣһ˾죬ôҲ̸еʱ
֮Ҫͷž죬ΪĲֻ̾ҪΪ˾ڵƬ磡
е춼һ磬Ƿ֮ǰһ޶ǿԲκεѹ֮ȫȫĻɣӵеҲ֮µΨһָıǾӵеˣ
֮ǰһʱѾʣ޼ˣټϵʱս˭Ҳûпǵ飬ǲŻܵôңһǿʢ縲һУôǱһվʸ
Ȼֻȵٰ֮ˣϣģǿԺһǽ̸УǵҪܼ򵥣ֻҪǻϾͿˡ
ǿԽǷ糹׵һ֪ĵطǿ뿪Ǹ磬ǿԳ׵ʧ磬Ҫģֻǻȥѣ
Ҫ󶼲ĻôǺǣϣҪߵһɣϾĺˣ
˵⻰Թ˵Ц
ȻûаĻ˵ʵ£ȻҪ˵ʲôˡ
ҲǵʱʮͿ񵽵ΪʲôҪٻ첻ˣ
Ҫȫ˵ľ죬ǰ׹֮еľĿǰֻһʬѣľԲʮͿ
֪ʵҲû˿֪ˣ
ͷž飬ȫöˣΪ¶ˣ漴ǱʮͿĶԻٴθסˡ
ֻʮ˵֮ǰӡʱõ޾ӡģȻҪ⿪ӡô޾֮У
⵹Щˣüȥڤ֮ػȡ˲ָλȡأû´ĻҪͭţҲðʮɻɣ
ʮɻꣿ
Ҳ
⻰ʱ򣬸һӱ޷ˣΪû뵽ҪȾȻҪɱһ˻ʮɣĲǿӵҪôˣ̸ͥƨ̸У
ţ漴׼ˣûڣʮȴȿˡ
ȷʵûģʮǼȻҪһǽ̸УôȻҲǲȡˣǲɱҲȥɱɣ
ô׸ôأѵ֮㻹бʲôð취
ЩɻĿʵ
ʮ΢΢˵ͷǿڵǵյĻӣ
ӣ
⻰һ㶣űǿڵ˵ĿǸһֱžĻӣ
⻰˵꣬Ȼ뵽ʲô漴һ˼˵ˣôˣĿ𣿡
ûʲôԵģʮն˵ɴ߲СڣΪ˾죬Ҳûа취ˣ˵ˣһֱžΪ˾죬ҲԸİɣ
ʮ˵ţյĻУ


709 
ʮı췣֮ʱزŸտʼγɣǸʱΨһԼˣֱػ߳Ȼûκ
ֱγɣؼ𽥿ʼ
֮УȻγɵģȴʶģ춼Ѿʶʼ۰һʱ򣬾ȴûвԼʶһͨʯС
Ȼٳδϰ˼į췣˵Ѿʲôˣټϵʱ˻û֮ĸ췣ǵȴԼʹ
Ҳ֪˶ãһѲ飬췣żȻľʯ¾ȻһֲΪʱ䲢ûֲ֮ĶҲ֪⵽ʲô˳ֳģɲ֪ΪΣֲʱȻžͨʯ˹ȥ
ۼˣʮкһű֮ǰ뷨
ȥˡ
ڼ䣬겻۵ĻֲҲԼɱ䣬ԼĻΨһĻӡ
ӳ֮ʱ޾֮ҲǴ֮һ˿
ҲԺÿ췣žͨʯʱǻῴվԼĵطһĸžͨʯһϸϸ˵ʲô
ǸʱһвŸոγɣ˵仹û鰮֮ĸˣУǿ췣ǰĴôиоأ
һ£κ˵Ļ췣ǻԥĽɱΨ⻨ӣȴƾˡ
ֹ£ڼ䣬Ѿ˸ָҲˣȻÿ춼ظ顣
ʱ췣ҲȻ֪˻Ϊʲôôˣ
ԭܼ򵥣ֻǰϻδľˡ
ڵʱ췣ǼΪЦ飬Ϊݶ˽⣬췣֪νʵûκθģΨһʶĵ
ڵԣ鰮Ķʲô
죬ʼնģ
ǴС㳤ߵһСһܵκεľžͻߣÿ춼˵˵ЩûκöĻ
ǣ죬ʼնģ
ͺ췣Ԥϵһʱ򣬼ҲûλһֱԼĻӣֱӱǻعԼıλ
Ϊ鵽һӦҲǷ˰ɣ
췣û뵽ǣ⻨ӾȻҲƶĸЩȵǣһֱκ˿ԼľȻڻӵʱûκεķӦ
ۼˣҲͲ˵Щʲôˡ
ֱ֮ʱһֱھߵģȻδԻӵΪйʲôķӦȴҲû˺
ӵе糹׻𣬻ҲǸž磬ϸ˵Ļ֮ԿԻţ뻹˻ӵģ
ÿս˵ʱ򣬻ӱὫԼڵ֮ڣ޸˵Ĳλֱ췣߾ʱ򣬻Ȼڰžָ
췣⵽ô£ΪʲôΪʲôҪִϲһܶԼκλӦĴأ
ûиģԶԶκεߴڲһ˿УˣҾĵȴҲӦ׵İ
ȻΪҪһֱأ
ļ֣
峹׵ķӡ֮󣬻Ҳǵ;ƿݵĵزˣǼˣȴǲΪԼľ޾ǲģ
ݻҪ췣ĵ˼޾ֻأ֮ǰ˵һ仰
ȵʱҲٴģ
ʼնΪʲôҪôֵİһܺԼһĴڣϧΪǡΪ˾죬Żӿ϶ҲԸ⸶Լģ
ƺΪ˸Լ黭һԲļǺţʮǻ˵仰
޾Ҫ޾ƿֲɱһķ˻ɣȻ˵ĻƺҲֻˣĻľڵ᳹׵ȥģµʱǰ
üͷǿյ˵
ģʮԶκεĸ飬ǱȻģ
ģ
Ǻǣ
ʮ֮󣬸ĵһӦȻεЦ
ȻʮͿ񲢲֪ǻȴ֪ģʵϵӵʱѾǲµ˼֡
ȵʮ˵ʱѾһ˿Ļˡ
νĻӣȻǷƣ
Ȼһֱִܵ뷨ȴ޷ıԼпǾתʵǻӵת˵ʲô
˵ˣںܾúܾúܾ֮ǰʱǵԵֱѾעˣ
֮ʱ죬ֻһµĻ
ǵǸôҵأҲ֪Ҳûоǰļ䣡
ʱ
ʮҡҡͷֻ֪˼䣬ȴǲ֪ˣûйϵʱһᾡҵģҡ
λǰͻȻ滹һΪҪҪȥҾȳȥ˰ɣ
ʮ˵һ룬ͻȻǳ
ʲô黹Ҫģʮǲ˵ĿǰǶԣҪľ£
ҵȻ֪ˡװЩ˼ͷͥģҪǲϽĻǵǱ߻ɡ
ԭ
ʮǻȻĵ˵ͷ˵Ȼ˵Ļô㻹ĪҪˣȻǵͥɵĻǿɾˣպҲĲˣҲ׼ˣ
ţʮǺͿԶ˼䣬㽫ǧɶ˳ɿű뿪ˣ
ǧɣȴҲûʲôȥˣʮ֮󣬸±Ǹæ嵽¥ϡ
ƿŵʱ򣬺Ȼ㿴ź껹й˿ˣͻȻ͵ƿǣǵҲǱһ
ƺǲԼʵЩðʧˣһȻŹ򶨵ĶԷ˵ƣһ£лҪ˵
ȻЩʱľٶƵ»˳ֻڸ㲻״ĺ͹
ԴˣҲֻһЦʵǲ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ŷƽԼķ֮󣬸±һŵĶԷ˵ţϽؼʰҪȥһȫһĵط
˵뵽ʲôҡҡͷˣʰʲôˣʱȱʲôֱˣھͳɣ
˵⻰±ŷƵֱ׼뿪ˡ
ȵȵȵȡ⵽ô˰ôĪľҪ뿪ˣǳʲô鰡Ҫǲ˵Ļǲߵģ
˵ţ±˸֡
ﲻ˵ĵطȵ˵ط֮ٸͺ𣿡
εĿŷ˵
ھѾûʲôںˣΨһںıǷˣΪʮ˵ƺǴǵͭŵԿˣĺǷƵ
飬ζҪֹģҪʮͿûи׷Ƶ֮ǰȰѷƸ
ռӦõĵطģϧѾסɣһȥôҲǳˣϾȻԿԼѱʲôⷢ
ͥ˵ǽƲصͥĻᱻʮɲȴпܻᱻͥǸǲֻһͥ϶ҲǲٸĿǷΧ֮ˣ
ĿǰΨһǵģǶˣ
ϾⶫȲͥҲ˼䣬ǽ֮һطʮֻ֪Ӧ˼ģ϶벻֮УͥЩһֻŲ鿴ͥ˵飿
ֻҪҹкСæǿ϶ǻģ
ȻѾǼƻе飬ǺԷƺ飬ҲЩ޿κˣΪòҲЩ˵ڰ
˵£ֻǸ߷Ƶ˵طٰеˣڵ֮󵽵ҪҪһж߷ƣǾ͵Ժ˵ˡ
ԣƵĹִȴЩ֮ˣƾôȰ˵ʼնǲԸ뿪Ҷ˵ĻҲ޷
ԼиĸҪ뿪ҲԸ뿪ܵøһеΪʲôɣøһɣȻǲ뿪ģ
ƺǹִ˵


710 һǲ
εҡҡͷһĿ˵֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ûƵͷ⵽ΪʲôȻǲ뿪ģ
ۿŷ˼һʱҲû˰취򵥵֯һ֮Ż˵㻹ǵ֮ǰ˵Ǹ𣿾ǸͭŵΣ
ҼǵðƵͷǸ֮Ҳģ֮ǰ˵Ҵһ⵽ôأֱҲûиһ͡
Ҳͣеʵ̫ڷ˼ˣΪİȫ룬һֱҸ㣬ڼȻô֣ôҲֻǸˣϣ׼Ͼɲô˽ܵģ
Ŀ˵
û⣡Ƶͷұ֤ˣ
ϸ̽һΧĻȷûκ͵֮󣬸ǿˡ
ȽϼҾͳ˵ˣ֮ǰǸβΣ֮ǰļ䣬㿴ǸŮҲǱˣǰ㣬֮УֹͥǴڵģһЩһˣЩ˲ɣеıɷ˲䡢еĲͥħ磬㣬Щеһλ
֮ǰʱЩɺԭǷһսɲǶ֣һǸĽڽڰˣΣʱ̣һɳ־ǵǿһλڲҽ÷ӡӡĵط֮ǰͭˣ
ѾȥЩƺǲʱѾˣҪͭźĴڲŸų㡭ǴͭŵԿף
˵Щ֮󣬸˹ȥЩķƻܲ飬ӶֻƲסڵ
ƵķӦȴ֤˸ȫˣ
ԭգ۾һ˼˵ֲǸֵΣԭһеһжֻΪҲһ˰

˵ƵķӦЩ֮ˣʣø˿
ˣ㻹û˵ͭźĶʲôأΪʲôһҷҪҾأ
ʱƵ
죡ޱ˵ǸЩ죬˳֮Ϊ죡
죿
⻰Ƶ±¶˲˼ɫʵ죿˵ͷϵôֶҲܷӡϸ룬ղ˵ЩԽܣȻЩףҲǲǿԽܵ飬ˣҪͭźȳҸô
˵ţһ˹óƶԼµݻǼΪõġ
Ϊεҡҡͷ˵ΣҶǲȥģ
ΪʲôЩʵȻǰҪ飬ôҿ϶ǱҪȥİ
Ĵô㻹𣿡
һĿʵ
ڿЦ𣿡ƺǲĿ˵ȻҺǰҾȳǸνʲô죬ĴҪǻ˰ɣҸǸʲôҲ죬֮ǰҲûм˰ɣһǲˣ
ŷģȻ֪²ǸЦʱ򣬵ȴ̲סЦͬʱΪĵҲɢˣ
һֱЩģڷƵǲǻһ֮꣬ǰ֪Ǹ֣ȴ֪ˣǸ־ͽлӡ
ʵ˵ͬ黨ӣҲжҲֻǸжˣʵǲϣӵٴγڷϡ
Ӹղŷ˵ģƺϲû˿ӵ꣬ϾǻӰ찮ôĴڵĻô˵Ļأ
ϸ룬Լͷƺһֱе࣬ԼͲ˵ˣϵĻ伸û֪ɵݵģһˣ
ˣֻҪʹôʼնֻһΪͨķ˶ѣʮҲû˿Ĳ
ڸ˵ƺõˡ
ͻӵѾǹȥˣܻΪ˶ٵ飬Ҳܾ쵽ûжԻӶ飬ⶼѾǹȥʽˣѹͲ飬ĵģֻԼͷƵ顣
Ƭ֮󣬸ǿŷһ˵˵㲻ԸˣԸҲӦģⱲֻҵģ˭ֻҪ㣬Ҷ۵ģ
˵⻰ʱ򣬸ı鿴Ϊ棬漴ҸЦûãϵЦݺʧˣƺʲôܲõ飬øһġ
ôˣ
ʵ
Ϊʲô֪أ֮ǰ˵һǾԲĴڣô֪ǵ˿϶Ҳ֮ˣΪʲôƫƫ֪ôأѵ
һʱ䣬ƵкһΪͷ
ûҺһҲɣ
ۿѾ޷ȥˣԾͰʵ˵˳˽̸֮ⷬ󣬷֪Ҳǳˡ
⻰ȻһȣΪӸղŸУȻ֪Щ֮ͥǾԲڵģɼȻĻôΪʲôȴͥأòе㲻Ծɣ
ŷһȵģʱҲǲµ˼֣ţ漴Ϊƽ
еУҶһȽĴڣ˼ֻأѾǺ˼ķһ޶ˣֻҪʹû֪ʵݣʼնûоǰͼ䣬ֱڣ֪ʵݵҲ޼ģ֮ͥиûκ֪ģİɣǲµģ
ЦŽ͵
Ȼ˸ĽͣȴЩĲ£ԥƬ֮˵ҪҪͥ˰ɣȻ˵ûлЩĲ£
Ǻǣ
εЦЦǿڵΪְҵ˵ɾͲɵΪҵһԴԼˣʦʱ䣬ҪְôпҲڼ֮ˣһҪĻѱǵĻɣϾһķֻʵзɲȥ˵ģ취ǲеģ
⻰һʱЩɥ֮ǰŸ֮ͥп϶ǹüΪңģû׼ᱳԼȥϷ֮ͥеŮǵ׹ˣԭ֮ͥйһֱıӡ
뵽е±Щھ
ˣôˣ㶼¸ˣ
ʱЩż
һʱ仹ЩӦ漴Щȵʵʲô¶
ȻǾȥˣȴǷǾɵģЩһѾʼˣΪİȫұһȫĵط
ĵĽ͵
ʱ֮ǰΪʲôҪ뿪ˣ
Ҫȥ
ʵ
Ŀǰ뵽ȫĵطˣӦǺ֪ɵģǰȫģ
ҲȫأǰŸߣҾͱǸҵôأ
ʱ˵Ļ
仰һӱøסˣһ˲Ĺ򣬸뵽ƺûʲô԰ȫĵطġ
ɱ鲼ΪʲôΪ֮ûɴأûУܱ֤ʮȥѰ
ʱ򰽹ֹܻ԰ʵôʮĶأ
һĵһԼֲߣָǺã
뵽һʱ˪һߵǿʵô˵ɣӦô죿
䣬ֻһ΢ĻζŷҲ
ô죡գ۾컨ǰʲôԺҲʲôˣ֮ǰ˵ֻҪҲʹôǾǲҵҵģԺ֤ʹˣҪʵڷĲµĻôԺȥͰҴߺˣ
˵⻰ǲͷŸһЦ
鵽һ˵ЩʲôأֻҲЦ
Ҳʱ򣬸¶˾ģȻûʲôطǾ԰ȫģô˵һֱߺˣ
ȥҵʱ򣬷ƿԸһȥЩҵǶȻҲǲ˵Щʲôġ
ȥͥʱ÷ƴǬ߿ռָУҲᱻʲô˲ֻ֮ҪԼԺһֱѷƴߣôӦǻᰲȫģ
ϸ룬ƺΨһİ취ˣ


711 ʹ
ļûȥʲô飬ֻŷƻкǰĵ˼죬Ȼд绰ʲôʱȥǱļ仰Ūȥˡ
ò˵Ǻܾöûɵˡ
ʱҲʮֵĸпԼһ֮ǰֻһҲʧҵ꣬һ֮أԼǵǳһ۹ڵĸ̣Ϊɣűˡ
ԴˣֻǸп컯Ūˣ
һķչĹ˾ѾǳɳǰδеĵزһĲֵкüʮˣǮֶڵĸԣʵڲʲôϡˡ
֮⣬ͥˮоҩļƻҲճ̣ЩͳͳⷢȥˣΪԼʵûʲôʱȥЩˣ
ΪԼԶһɵʱʱͥǱߺ񣬵ȿɨʾϢʱ±Ǵɳ̲ҡϱ
ԣûв´ʱ˿̣ŷƻкɳ̲棬ϸ˵Ļ⻹ǸΪֹȥԶĵطˣȻͥĻ
Զ˻ģرԼеϵʽ滹˼죬еҲǷԣڽӵϢ֮󣬸֪Լĺӵͷˣ
ϢǴӶʹģֻм򵥵ʮ֣ʮ֣ȴø͵һ
Ҫ̣ʹ
ʣϢȻǶʹĽͯͯͯˣϾʶҲˣøȵǣ⵽ǳʲô飬ȻǶʹĽͯͯż
ϢȻǷԼģôʣȻǹԼˣ
ˣѵԼй¶ˣͯͯԼܵģ
뵽жʱһȴҡҡͷΪȷԼͥʱû¶һ˿ŵģԼй¶˵Ļֻʱͥǰ׽콫Ѿǵˣ
Ȼ˵Ļֻʲôأ
еģȻҲû£Ů˸к֮ǻص˾Ƶꡣ
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֪ҪȥˣԺ͹ȻҲڴӦ漴˳ȥصԼķ䣬ţֻʣ¸ͷˡ
Ǭɨ˳֮Է˵ȥɣҴȥͥ
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˵ŻƵ±ǽԼֱ˹ָϵöռָ±ӳ˸֮С
Ҳû˵ЩʲôűǽԼǬ
֮ǰ͸öռָʱƿǸ˻ˣǿռָúõװһеĶһҲټֱͺһƶļˡ
ƵĿռָԼǬȻ̫ˡ
ܷ֮ͥܲҳأʵǺܺͥʲôģ
ָϵĿռָеʱ򣬷ƺһεʵ
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⻰ȻҲǲ˵Щʲôˣ˵ͷ֮ǽ˿ռָڡ
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ȥͥȥʹ֮ͯͯ׼֮ǰϫԼˡ
Ǿǵȡ̫ϵ˼ҵ
Ȼ֪ϫ׼ʲôݸ԰ϫ˽⣬ϫ׼ԼʵģҪôʹãȴǲö֪ˣҪģֻǴӶʹİ¯н
֮⣬һΪҪҪȻǹھħŮˣԴϴһ֮ǳ׵ûϢҲ֪ǻøкǵǡ
Ȼ֮ͥҲĴڣǱĴȴǺ֮࣬ǰӡͿԿóˣͥеЩȻϣͥг֣ƺҲɱ
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һȥͥҲڱеˣ
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û˿ԥ޷ų֮󣬸漴ǱʮĶʹȥˡ
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Զģк
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һ֮󣬸ͯ˹ȥ߱ߵͯʲô鰡ǻǵһˣ
꣡
ͻأģͯһƣϵ鵱ǱЩʱ򣬸Ҳ͵سһΪͯɫƺλ治һ鰡ϾֻһĻô̫ܰϵ˼ҵͯӸŵ˽ţ
ѵԼݱ¶ˣ
ţɫ漴Ҳ˼֣첽֮ͯ󣬸Сʵǳʲô鰡ΪʲôôĽţ
䣬ӭ˲ͯƣһӱЩʱȻҲǲ˵ЩʲôˣֻǹԹԵıͣȻȴͯһָʾ
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˵⻰±Ǵ·û˿ԥ漴ҲǸȥ
ʱһСԣСŵĵһۣ±˵ⲻǶʹƫôͯŴŲȴƫƫҪƫأ
Ȼ棬ǿͯһСĵģֻǽЩʵȥˡ
ƫ֮һ߹հ˹յģʱͯͯϢĵطˣ֮󣬸±ǿ˽ͯͯʱ˿̣ͯͯɫȴǿôá
һʱ䣬ҲǱЩģε϶Ǻܲ򵥵ġ
Խţû˿ԥ±ǶŽͯͯ˵ͯͯôżǳʲô°ղͯһ仰Ҳ˵ֻɫЩˣ⵽ǳʲôôİ
˵⻰ʱ򣬸ҲǺһᵽɤۣЩԼµΪʵ
ͯͯ⻰ƺڿŵ׸ô˵źãͯȴһСֹ˵ʲôȴǲ֪ˣʵ鵽һҲûʲô˼ȥ²ˡ
ʱڸЩŵУͯǿˡ
ͯĿʵ˵Ҳʲô¶Ǿûǵǰһźã׼Ȼʱǣܿ࣬ϾǿɲǣƢǳĻ
ⶼʲôʲô
ͯⷬʱ±ЩӦˣΪʵǲ׽ͯ˵Щʲô˼еʲôˣ
ҪǣòǺ֮ǰ̫˰ɣ
һԵͯƺǿе飬漴Ǹæ
ˮͯӺͻͯӣͯͯ˵鱦ʦµˮͯӺͻͯӣ

⻰ʱЩˣ˵ô£ô鱦µˮͯӺͻͯӸǣˣ
ҽͯղ˵Щʲô˼òôһ¶ɣ


712 鲻
ˮͯӺͻͯԼѾ֪ˣһֱûԼĿĵʲôһֱҲǲóȻĵŰݷá
ֵǣΪʲôͯͯҲ֪أһ˵ֵĻôһأ
ţ漴ǿʵͯͯ⵽ôһ¶ǸϽ˵˵
⻰ͯͯɫЩѿţͯǿˡ
˽֮ͯ󣬸漴
ʦкʦֵܵĹϵ̫ϵǴʦ֣ԭʼǶʦ֣鱦Ȼǰߵʦˡ
Ȼĵǲ͵ģҲȴʱµļλ֮ͯϵǺܺõģģҲһˣ
ǰʱˮͯ±˶ʹҽͯͯͯˣۿòСãͯȻҲǺúõĿһˮͯӵĶǸ֮ǰ˼ЩСˡ
˵ЩС˼䲢ʲôϡĶ˼ȴǲһˣϾϡΪЩһֱͥ⣿
ȻЩС⵱±ˮͯ˼ȤһжǺúõģ֮ʱͯȴǺŸ֮ǰ͸ͯĶˣͯ͸
ɵǣͯСҲϲĽȻҲǲˣǻͯҪϵıֱͯӾܾˡ
Ҳһʲô¶ۿͯʵǲԸͯȻЩᣬվҲֻܷˣͻͯ˵һ仰
ϡĽǴ˼ģֻͥһȻҲ㣬ҪĻҵǿԽ㼸죡
ͯ˵⻰˼ģˮͯ⻰ʱɫ¾ǱЩѿˡ
˵Ǵ˼ģ˭ģ
ͯʵѾЩ
ͯȻЩͯӴ˿̵ķӦ»˵˭֮ͥУΨһ·ȻǸɨǸˣ֮⣬˭
⻰ͯϵŭԽǿţһԵˮͯ˹ȥ
ˮͯҡҡͷʾҪǿһԵĽͯͯ˵ô˵ղóЩҲǸɨǴ˼Ķˣ
ȻЩ㲻ˮͯӵΪʲôͻȻӣͯǵͷûЩ˼ǵģôˣ
ûôˮͯӵ˵ֻЩףΪʲôǸɨǻԵ޹ʵ͸Щǵװʲô
ʵҲûʲôˣһԵָͯ˵͸һϽ«͸һЩƵĵҩүƵľת𵤶ѣ
Щ
ˮͯЦʵЦȴýͯЩˮͯƺǻл
ûЩ˰ɣͯ˵źǿͯӵҪʵϲЩĻ´εټٸҪЩ͸ˣƾҸĹϵ¿϶ܳɵģ
ͯ˵ţЩ
⻰ʱ򣬻ͯȴһӱը˿űĶһԵͯ˵ˣЩһҲϲҲҪԺټĪҪҵ֣ȻĻһҪݺݵĳޣ
˵⻰ͯӵ滹ǽıӸ˳ƾһ˦˲һž졣
ͻȻķӦóˮ֮ͯЩȻҲֻǲˣϾ˭֪ͯǾԲġ
ۿŻͯʵЩˣһԵˮͯӵ±ǳϽѱΪʲôĵطҷ
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ұ죡
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ţû˿ͣˮͯ漴Ǹ뿪ˣ뿪ʱǵǷԻȴýͯͯʶԡ
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ΪԼһССɨûʸģ뵽أͥʱѾˣ
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˵ôһżǿɶǿ켱˺𣿡
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ع֮󣬸νЦûµûµģƤģҲû£
̸ⷬǽ˸һֱĶɻ⣬Զ飬ǲôƽˡ
⻰ʱ򣬽ͯͯͯȴƬ֮ͯǿ˵˵ɵ˰ͯӵƢģеıҲһĶȷҪӲı𣿡
΢΢һ㶣ʵôˣ
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ĻѾȥˣΪãԼƺǰ¸̫ˡ


713 ͯӵı
֮ǰҲûмͯӣȻҲǲ֪ͯеıӾȻ̫ϵƵĴޣ˵޲ĴޣϾ̫ϵƵģ嶼һӴǴһ˻Ǹһ
ҪǣͯӾȻͥɱȴû˸鷳˵ʦ֮һ鱦𣬿δ⻹Щ̫ڷ˰ɣ
ͯӱĻԼ֮ǰɶֱǲֵһˣ
Լղ˵ĻȻ̫дˣͯӵıӿζܰˡ
֮ǰ͵ҵʱ˸ͥ콫׷ϣ鱦־˸ˮͯһԺţҪκε˿
ЩѰ콫ˮ֮ͯһ˳Բѷ赽鱦𣬻ͯһʱ߲ųֽ˸ˡ
֪ǰ֮󣬸϶ǲľˣЩ֪ΪЩ콫˵ʲôõĻ˻ͯӣͯʹɱֵġ
ڸͯӼֱħһﰡ
ʵ֪ȻͯƽʱƢǱЩһȴҲǲֵģֻʦŵʱŻֽѵϴΣֻЩˡ
ԣĸȴûʲô˼ȥ̽ˣ飬ֻǼˮ֮ͯ󣬸ôͯеıԼϡ
ϾҪϣǿĻҪİ
֮ǰʱˮͯӾѾȥֵҹˣΪʱæŴ֮飬ԸҲûʱȥݷǣòҲǲ˰
ҪȥĻǻͯӵıҲҲӲȥˣ
ţ漴ΪεҡҡͷȻһԵ֮ͯͯǰͯҪĵʲôøҿ𣿡
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ȻЩͯȻ벻ˣ⻰ʱͯ±ǴԼһݸΣˣ
һƣ±ЩΪʲôأȻֻһ̨ͨϷ
ҪΪһ̨ͨϷԼϻͯһٳĻôֻĿˡ
ЦҡҡͷǶͯ˵ˣ֪ˣͽȥɣǷģͯӵıӿ϶Ǵ򲻵ϵģ
Ȼ˵ɣǺԽͯͯȴôҲɲΪǶˮͯӵ˽⣬ҪǵĻôʮа˾ſ϶ǻΣյģ
һ뵽µΪԼС˵˻ͯΪھ뵽ʲôȻֽеĶݵǰȻôϲôͰ͸ɣ˶֮ӦҲͲ˰ɣ
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δ𻰣һԵĽͯǿˣһڣɵǰͯһ
ΪʲôǺϲ𣿡
ع֮ͯ±ЩĿͯʵ
ͯһ˵ϲϲҪ֮ǰ͸ǸöĻôȻϲģڡİ˵İˣôֻٱҲܲˣ
ͥе棬µĵˣֶǶԣеʱǱҪҪ
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ԻͯǱƢĺֻΪ
浽ǸʱùȻҪˣͯ˵ʱֻٱҲܲˡ
飬ȻҲǶģڽͯʱǶͯ˵ûͯ˵öԣˣôֻٱҿ϶Ӳˣ˵ˣ֮ǰ͸Ķôתأ𣿡
⻰˵ļǰļλͯһĪĸж
ȻûҸǣͯеǿϷȻǳµİ汾֮֮ǰֹ
ͬģҲûҸǣʱ˿ɨƿռУ̨Ϸ
Դ֪˼ЩСͥôܻӭ֮󣬸ʱʱ̶̿ɨƿռֵָĶϾб޻˭룬ξȻıײˣ
̨µϷ˼ʳڼС⣬Щˮͯ˰ɣ
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ȻǷˣǽͯͯͯȴһҲģǿЩģһͯҪķǴĻָôأ
˵ڸݻͯӲɱһƤ֮İɣ͸ԼʦֵණԼֵȴǺı˰ᣬôҲе˵ȥİɣ
ţͯǶŸ˵ԵƬ̣ȥȥͯͯŸ
˵⻰ͯ±˳ȥͯҲǸȥһʱ䣬Ӿֻʣͯ͸ˡ
Ȼ֪ͯͯȥʲôˣۿ뿪Ժкðһͷ
²ǵȡʱ
˵ʵЩˣȻѾǴӦ˰ϫ飬϶ǵȥˣ˵ˣֶ͵һ˭ֿóأ
ţֻǰͯǡѽһűЩżĿ˵е㼱ҪϽȥһ£ʱˣһ°ɣæϾ͹
⻹Ҳ
ڸղŵʱ򣬸˼Ÿô֧ͯˣϾͯߣʵЩְû뵽ͯȻҪˣ⻹ʲôʲô
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жʱһϲ˵ǰɣͯҲжҪ͸Լ
Ȼͯǽеĺӵ˹лȻûнͯıҲү͸ҵģõĶˣҰ͸㣬ϣ㲻Ҫ
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֮ǰһȻ֪ͯҪ͸ԼĵʲôȻǳ̫ϵֵ֮ģһĶأ
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һ򿪣ֻһСĴƿʱ˸ǰûȸʵʱͯ±ǽ͵ƿҩ鵤𣬵ֻлûɢֻҪһŵҩϻָģѾ˽ͯ͵ľӦûʲôˣټƿ鵤㵽ʱͯķ˻Ҳǲˣ
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Ȼڵõ˽֮ͯͯ󣬸ѾʮֵˣѾ벻ԼҪʲôˣԶͯҪ͵ĶʵҲνġ
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һ죬̫ϵ˼䲼ʱ;˵أţϲ˴ģۿ̫ϵƺҲһλǿ֮ţ±˺̫ϵĵ˼̫ϵӦ˵ĻҪԵ̫ϵ档
ʱΪ˼䲼Եʣ̫ϵ˷ֻ֮˵̬˼ҲЩˣۿţ뺷쳣ƺһѵõ±˽ţΪĴ㣬˵ǵͷӦ
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ȻҲǱ͸ţͯˣͯµʱ򣬾ͻôţȻٻͥС棬ͯͯһĽҲţע⣬뽫ͷϵҲڱţһ֮Ҳͷ뷨
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˵ͯţŽʱûʲôô˭ֻأһ˸̫ˣ֮£ˮͯӵǲôںˡ
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ȻţǾͺˣΪֻҪţϣ
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ĿǰƺΨһеİ취ˣҪģҲֻĵĵȴˡ
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ֵܣô𣿡
ĵһۣձȻǲµ˸֮ԻȻΪ鱦ˣ⻰ȴǲ˵ģҲֻǿķˡ
ЦŻصʵҲûʲô飬֮ǰˮͯҹңǸʱҲڣԸˣ֪֮ͥ飬ŸϹˣ˺磬𰡣
˵ţЩɻ˹ȥ
Ȼһ⻰յɫȴЩѿ֮ǿڵ¡ڻɽ̫ˣųתתѣ
ʣĻȻǲˣҸ֮ǰõһЩϢձµʦǰ⴦ɵ鱦һĻճĿľʮֵˡ
ѧȥ֮ʱʦйԼǾǽܷʲôն˵֣ԼҲͽܵݣʦƺڼ顣
ֻºĿģֻΪܼԼʦһ˰ɣ
ţһʱǲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ţֻɫһ䣬ű˵֮ǰǲǵιλͯӣ
һ⻰жʱԽӺ˵ôҲ֪°鲻ֻнͯǲ֪
Ȼ棬Ϊε˵ʵҲ˵ʲôˣ֮ǰΪĳЩСеѣ˵ô֪İòҴҲû߹ɣ
⻹𣿡˵űָָҲˣ
ʲô
⻰ЩĪűת˹ȥ
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漴ıһƿ֮ƿ֮ıĵͯһͯлһıӣֻһ˦ΧĿռ˲˿죬ĸһľ
ʣλȻǱιˮͯˣ
ˮͯӸʶģϾ֮ǰˮͯ͵ģλűӵͯӣȻҲǻͯˣҲλҪԼӵļһˣ
껹ʲôʲô
Ȼ֮ǰһѾӦˮͯӵİ취䲻ĿˮͯһɱϮһţȻ֮ǰӦԵİ취ˡ
ֵܣ˵ֻʦ鱦ͯӣ鱦Ŀеĵλǲ͵ģǧǣȻ»鷳ģҲǲܰˣԼ˵ĿԣϣԼ£Ҳ赣ģˮͯӼȻ֮ǰ㣬ôȻҲǵ鱦ģ鱦Ҫ㣬ôȻҲǲҺģҲܵƤ֮ˣ̣ˣ
˵һ룬պǲԼЩ˵©죬Ǹæ˿ڣ˵Щ֮±ǼŽȥˡ


718 ˮͯ
⵹Ϊղ壬ʵû֡
ˮͯ鱦ĵӣҲǼҪΪ鱦ĵӣ۰һߣܻһߵˣһпܻ鱦ܲˣȻĻôԻǲֺˡ
˵Ҳ飬ҲûʲôҪյ˼ۿ˵Щ֮ȥˣлЩʧ
簡磬ôôأԱ߿Ҳð
а
ʱ˵ʲôҲûκεôˡ
һĹǴһǹ
ϣ˭ôˣ
óˮͯӵģȻˮͯӵģôʿ϶ǻͯˣ
˭Ȼλεɨˣ˵ͶʹĽͯͯߵĺܽ˼أ
ĳԾˮͯӵˡ
ǲ֪ͯͯǰʲôæֻ߸ʲôȻ˵ģ
ͯЩʵ˻ֳһ±ӣ˲ƿ֮˸ĶС
һʱ䣬ԽӵĽ
ǽŹţԽҲǿٵתʼ˼һҪô죬Ͼʱ̣ȥԿûʲôôģ
ʯ䣬Ȼ֮ǰļƻЦ
תȥû˿ԥ漴ݵСɨǣμλͯӣ
ľٶ±ˮͯЩ
νֲЦˣټϸֶ˵Ĺһʱ䣬ǶǻŭˮͯȻҲǲ÷ˣһԵĻͯҲȻĽеıȥ
һɣΪֻǼ򵥵һݣѾ֪ˮͯӵĴԸˮͯӵԸͽͯ࣬ǱȽϳصģѹסͯӣͯȴ쳣Ļˣƺںʲô֮飬ղˮͯŵĻеıӻʹԼˡ
ƽĶۣʼջǾˮͯӺദһЩǻͯӣ˰ɣ
һе֣ˮͯӿڣǿʵλͯӣ֪֮ǰСɵʲô飬С֮ǰͥûмʱĸϹλˡ
˵ţһݣȫȻ֮ǰˮͯ˵Щ
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ǸǰɨûʲôȻҲǲԵ޹ʵȥѰˣ֮Ի޷Ǿǵʦ鱦ѣһǲ£ôȫԳֽѵһһôǿɾЩóˡ
һԵĻͯӣʱȴѾ޵ЩҧгȻЩսľɫȴû˿ıֳ
ΪףԽǵֽŵʱ̣ԼԽǲܱ¶һ˿һµģԼ¶˺µĻô¿϶ܲˡ
ԽʱԽװƲУ
ȻֻװƻǲģϾװҲֻƭһʱȴĽеŭɲǸҪĽ
ţǰˮͯһ˵㣬Ҽʦ㣬Ѿˣôǽȥɣ
˵⻰ˮͯӵ±һָ˸ơ
һ˵а
ʱôôǰ棿ҪǼһдҺһиô죿
ˮͯӣȻǷĵģ֪ǲģǶˮͯԱߵĻͯӣȴûôˣ
ܾãԼǰĻͯӿ϶Դһӵģ
ģ붼ЩΣհ
ȻӦ̰֮ǰ׼Щó͸ˮͯӣǸͻȻ־²õʱΪЩ֮ǰܵ½һԼΪʲôҪЩɣ
Լܲ˵Լ֮ԻЩֻΪ˱Ⱔɣ
һĻֻǻǵˮͯӸΪɣ
˵Щ֮ǰǵȸˮͯӴϼ仰һе飡
ţһЦȻλͯӼ£Сǵһôΰ׳ĵطСɡСʵǲǰ棬λͯǰ·ɣСɸžͺã
⻰ˮͯӶУȻޱȵţˮͯӵ»ǷӦ˹Ȼæø첲ͱͱһЩĻͯӣһĹ򣬻ͯӵҲǸæӦ˹漴ǻһɷģ
ţˮͯӵЩƵĿڵ˵Ĳ԰ɣô˵ҲͥôˣӦҲȥٵĵطɣʹȥûУǵطΰ
ˮͯС֮ˣҲʲô֮Ǹеˣ
ǶʹĽֻͯͯ˸һЩҩԼһ«Ȼ͸˽ͯͯôС⣬ԼֵأȴʲôҲûеõ
֮ǰ͵֮ʱ˭ǰ׷ϵǣ
˭˸һרΪҵǵʦ鱦
˭Խ֮͸Ҫװɵ˰죿
˭Ҫɱʱ
һ׮׮һһ飬ѵȲǶʹĽͯͯ͵Щ
ÿ뵽ʱˮͯбĲһվǱȻͯҪ࣬ȻȴҲûϷϾ£ʦҪΪҪһЩ
ۿˮͯӾȻᵽ˶ʹʱЩһĹк뵽һע⡣
ΪϸĶˮͯӿ˼ۣǡסһű߶Ĺ۲ˮͯӡ
ľٶ±ˮͯЩɻ󲻽ͯҲһԴһʱ䣬ˡ
һ֮ˮͯһʵ㵽ڿʲô
һԵˮͯҲǼΪʵ԰㵽ٿʲô

Ǽװӳ˼лعǼװɻĿˮͯӵ֮ǰмôİ
ˮͯΪʲô޷ֻΪǰԼô飬ԼȴûиκεĻرǸǶʹĽͯͯණ
ԼʵЩԩΪЩԼ֮ǰѹǲ֪ģҪ֪ĻÿͥʱôǸˮͯҲһأЩֲʲôöԼʲô᲻õģ
µ˵ЩѾûʲôˣΨһ飬ˮͯף֮ǰΪԼЩ飬Լʵǲ֪ģ
ν֪߲ԼȻȫ֪飬ôֺδ֮أ
Ȼͯӿ벻ĵûϵֻҪˮͯ׾ˣֻҪˮͯˣôͯ벻׾ѾûôҪˡ
֮ˮͯеŭѾȥ߰˷ˣȻٽԼ׼õЩóˮͯǼŭȻҲǻʧһɶ˰ɣ
һǸŰ
һʱ䣬̲סЩ
ţˮͯǿˡ
ֹǼˮͯЩ˵ϵĳ͵أ
⻰漴Ǽװ¶һΪȵɫһĹǼװΪ˷ܵغˣˣ㲻֮ǰλͯ𣿡
ţ
⻰ˮͯӵºǾЩΪӦʶԼģڿƺô¶
òƸͲʶ˵ǸûԼ
⵽ô£һˣļӦҲûôİɣĸѾһˣôҪôô׵ľأ
ţֻǰĸһǸ˵ǲ˼ˣ֮ǰһͥɻʱСײԴЩǵò̫ˣֻ֪ʱȷʵһλͯģȴ֪λͯӵʲôˣ֮Ҳͥ̽Ϣκݵ΢һʱȴҲ̽ʲôϢû뵽ǣҾȻˣ
˵ţ͵ǰȻⷬٶȴǲɵˮͯ
ʱ˿̣ǵǻͯЩˣˮͯˣǶˣ
ԣǸҪĽˣ
ϾǰλͯԽΣŻõĽ
֮ˮͯ㶵ʵ㡭ʲô
ţǼװһ˷ܵ˵ʲôȻǵлл㰡Ͼ͸һôıȻֻлл϶ǲģһΪ׼һݴ׼͸ǣκһֱҲǣһֱҲûʲô͸ǣڣлˣ
˵⻰±ǽ֮ǰ׼õĶɨƿռи˳
ЩĵһۣͯӵкǳһΪ˷ܵɫ
ףԼļƻǵóˣ


719 Ĳ֮
֮ǰ˵ЩѾǽԼθ˸ɸɾѾԼǲ͸Ƕһֱûҵǡ
ҺԣǰˮͯƺѾ飬ڻͯӣѾǱеĶסˣﻹаģ
ܵ˵Լ϶ǲðˣ
ţ
ۿһԵĻͯڿжһ˲Щʧ̬Ҫȥˮͯӵĵһ»ͯӵĸ첲
ϣ
һֽУͯӵ±Щյˮͯ˹ȥû˵ʱˮͯȴǺݺݵĵһۣʾЩԼݡ
ˮͯͱȻͯӴһЩ˼ȻҲǸΪһЩģԳͯˮͯΨǴӵģˮͯôһţȻҲǲ˵ЩʲôˣֻȻȥ
ţˮͯǰĸ˹ȥ
鵽һȥƽϱʲôѾûõˣ֮ǰԼֵڶʹľǿԺԲˣܸ˵ĵĻǼٵģѾǸԼֵܵǸ֮óҲǸˣ
ʦǰĿ˭֪޷Ǿ׼ΪͽģҲ˵ǰСɨǵȻԼСʦˣȻĻôȥ˵Щʲôأ
ϾʦϲͬڶģҪǱʦ֪˵ĻԼֵҪˣ
ⷬ˼ˮͯȻҲ֪ԼǸôˣ
΢΢һЦˮͯǿˣ֮ǰͲ˵ˣֵܵЩ˼˰
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⻰һԵĻͯӵΪż֪ˮ֮ͯԻô˵ֻǺ͸ϼ䣬Ϊˮͯǲ׼¸͵Щأ
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һĹ򣬻ͯӺǺŲˮͯӺ͸Ӧ±һ嵽˸ߣȻֱȥӸеĶ
ͻľٶ˲ˮͯЩҲסˣǶԴƫƫЩ޿κΣֻǶŸεЦ
ۿˮͯ˵˿Ҳ׼˵ϼģû뵽ǣԼ⻰û˵أͯӾȻЩ͵˹ҲãҲǰʡһЩ鷳ˡ
Ӹнӹ֮󣬻ͯӵ±ǿٵķƺѰĳƬ֮ǡסһűӴóһΪĺӡ
ӵĵһۣ˵ͯӹȻǶϷжӰȻһӾͽϷ˳
ǷȥĿһ£ͯӵ±Ƕֲ˺ӣһ߲һ߳ˮͯ˵ʦһⶫ֮ǰǸһ
⻰ˮͯȻҲЩű˻ͯӵߣʱͯѾǽȫ˿Ϸ˳
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ʲô
һʱ䣬ͯͯЩ
ǼװΪε̾˿Ƕͯ˵˵û֮ǰȷʵ͸˽ͯͯٵĶЩУźϷЩʵһʼ͸ǵģǵʱѹʹǵκϢҲ֪ǵȻҲûлὫЩ͸ˣ
֮żȻһȥ˶ʹǶʹļλͯӴҼãҲٵĶҵʱԴһȾͽ֮ǰΪ׼õĶ͸ǣϾ˼ǰңҲֿտյĲǣ
͸ǵЩ֮׼ģеǸϷǱ֮ǰ͸ͯҪˣϷǶһֹأ˼·۵Ϸ
⻰ˮͯӺͻͯӵһĹǺЦ
˵ԭҪ͸ǵĶ͸˽ͯͯˮͯӺͻͯȴһҲΪ˸Ļ֮жǲԼͬðһ뷨
ǾǽͯͯӵеЩʵǲҪĶ
Ͼ˸͵Щ˼³Ķ˭ҪЩɵĶʲôأ
ʱ֮ǰԼҪñͯϷĳͯӵ˵õʱͯûҪǻ˵ĻԼĳ˴ˣ
ϸ룬ǶʹĽͯƺΪǲŵõЩģһʱ䣬ˮͯӺͻͯΪ
ǻһЦǽһݸˮͯӵͬĶ׼ݣ͸ģл֮ǰ֮
ֽӹ˸ĶˮͯȴǺЩ̫˼Ϊ˵ⶫԼ͸ģʦ͸ĲŶԣԼʵҲȰˣһʱ䣬ȴǲ˵Щʲôˡ
ڸ͵ЩȻˮͯҲʮֵϲϲϲûǽԼҪ顣
ȫսԼĿռУˮͯſһԵĻͯӵˣȰѶɣʦڵأǧ˼Ҿõˣ
ʱ򣬻ͯԣˮͯ˵Ǳʲô˵Ļֻͯӿ϶ǲģ˵ǵʦ鱦ǿǳ׵Ĳһˣ
û˿ԥͯӵ±СĽеĶȻſˮͯӵ߰ɣ
λСһ֮룬֪ǿɷӦ
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仰һӱˮͯЩ˵˼һû˵ʲôȻһڴӦҪ첻Ļô죡
ţȴҲֻǳŸ˵ͷʾ˵ȥ
λ֮ǰ˵Щ飬ɷܰæܰرǶڶʹǼλͯӣϾԺҿ϶Ҫദģ֪£ֻǻҵˣĻһΪѵģ

⻰ˮͯӺͻͯӵ±һģϸ룬ȷʵǲ̫ý֪ͯͯģȻʱû׼ǽֻͯͯΪˣ
ûĻ֮ͺпܻǵСʦˣȻСʦܣôʦֵܲһأϾʱһʲô飬ǵϲҲǺû
˵ͯͯҲǵˣȻû˵ȥĵˣ
ţˮͯӵ±ǵ˵ͷİɣǴӦˣζȻκ˵ģ
ûûˮͯҲǸæͷİɣһæܵģ
ˮͯӣȻʮŵģ˵ȥһԵĻͯ
ȴȫûʲôˡ
֮Իô˵ҲֻȨ֮ƶѣͯӻһֱæܣҪֻǻͯڶʱڿ԰æܣ
ڼ䣬ȻҪ׼һȥһ˶ʹˣȻٱЩ½ŷ߽ͯǣȻȻҪȫȥˣĿģ޷ǾΪ˸ͯǴһԤѡ
һĻǵʱ̲ͯסҪ˵֮ǰЩ飬ôͯҲǲ̫ķӦˣ
ֻϣԼ֮ǰͯӿ԰æסܣ
˵ʵڻͯӱ飬ʵûʲô̫ġ
˵֮ιķȥˣĹϵ֮ղſ֮
ˮͯӺͻͯһһҵĽм䣬һ·϶ڽָ͵ط˵ʱҪĴ棬Դ˸ҲֻЦŵ˵ͷ
ֹһˮͯкЩ˼һ֮ǰ飬;ԼʵЩ̫СˣǰĸѾʦ鱦ڶĵˣԼȻΪһ̶֥СԼλ׼ʦܴƢʵΥʦֵΰ
Ʋһ۱ϵĻͯӣȻҲһŹֵɫƺҲ뵽ʲô顣
ţҵЩʲôȻʦֵʵ̫ˣ
ţˮͯӺöһ⣡


720 δʦֵĹ֮
ţͻȻͣȻȵȣ
⻰΢΢һ㶣űͣһĿˮͯӵôˣ
ˮͯǰ֮һĿӦ֪ε˭İɣ
ι鱦ĵ̣û鱦ĻˮͯҲǲ˽ģȥʹͯͯʱ򣬸ߵҲƫţ̫ϵ治ڣͯͯҲҴŸţɼʥ˾סĵطȷʵǲ˽ģ
أˮͯӾȻֱӴԼţһ·ϻ˵ЦģƺΨ˲֪ĳټϸ֮ǰ²⵽飬Ȼޱȵȷˣ
ҪԼģˮͯӣˣ֮һ鱦
ţ漴ĵ˵ͷȻŲµһЩлЩ̫ȷϾҶʵЩ̫ڷ˼ˣ
ۼˣˮͯ漴΢΢һЦ˵λ׼ʦҲȻѾǲµ飬Ϊ׼ʦ֣ԼЩ黹ǵøģҲʦʱЩ׼̫Ǳˡ
һĻҲԵֲһԼ֮ǰĹʧˣ
ҼǵãȻȥʦʱǧҪţȻʦʮֵǶµĵȴǼΪͰģҪ̫ڽŵĻʦˣ
ʦϲ˼ķȽڣʲôʲôľͲˣôôͺˣȻʦȴζҪģ㵽ʱȻҲǻģ뵣ģ
Ҫģʦ֮Իῴ㣬Ϊһʦ׽͸ĶԵʮֵرԵʱǵãϵرͺˣ
ȻѾǿҪιˣˮͯҲͽһĴֽͱˣ㴰ֽҲҪͱƵģͰͰҲˣ
ˮͯӵĻк͵һ˵ǰɣ鱦ȻҪԼΪͽ
飬һʱ䶼Ҫˣ
鱦Ϊ֮һǿĴ֮һ˵ھ֮ǰķ֮ս֮ʵˣʼն֮һǿĴ֮һ˵ֻҪ˵ҪͽܣôǰԼħֻôŶŵŰ
ɾһλڣȴƫƫǿԼԼΪͽ⵽ô°
ˮͯ˵ǰ㣬ȻǼˣˮͯ˵һ㣬һʱȴЩ
Ϊк뵽鱦ν֮᲻ΪԼɻǾת֮أ
ΪԼıݣȴƫƫֲʲôԾĵطԲŻֵĸо
飬ֻ;ûֱð亹ˣ
ϾʵǱ鱦˵ĻԼҪιˣ
¿ԿĻ϶ֱģԣѾûʲôῪˣѾǽ鱦Ҳǲ˵ģʱǸԼԵù
ˣ
ˮڣȻ޷ӱܣôֱӭȥɣ
֮ǰ̫ϵʱ̫ϵ涼ûвԼʵݣ鱦Ҳأ
췣һҲͥɣȻûб֣ôԼ϶Ҳǲᱻֵİɣ
ɡ
òɢеЩ뷨Щŵĳˮͯӵ˵ͷʾԼѾ֪ˡ
ʱһԵĻͯȴЩվסˣΪҪ˵֮ǰ飬ԼǱˮͯӸҪһЩģҪôѵһ£
Ȼûôֻ֮ǰеǸ뷨Ѿʮֵˡ
鱦£СŵʱҲʦŵ˶ʦʦ㣬һֱЩˬԼһҲܱ˳ƺһʦ֣
û뵽˵ʱԼȴƫƫǲδСʦһ٣ʵ޹ⰡϾЩʦʦǴõģÿιʱ򻹻ΪЩĶԼʵְ̫˰
УԼҲʲôУȻʦֵûظ鰡
⻰˵ˣҪ˵ò֮ǰˮͯѾȫ˵ˣԼƺҲûʲô˵˰
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е磬ǲӦиڵģͬģԭݵظУҲǲӦóеģǷ½⣬еʱѾǺѲ˸ϵˡ
ȻеֻкͰ壬ÿֻʮţǸȴоĵÿһöģʮĻ
Ҳ˵ȻϵӲٿţʵȴǴǧĻˣÿһöӣԲٿʮӽս
˵ڸ˵ӦǼΪ𾪵ģµĸȴĪĵԼ˵Ϊʲô
ܿ죬ڸָ£ǻһɫ׵ʿĺҲǻһɫ׵ʿһս˫ƴɱһ
ǽţƱ𽥵ʾˣԭͱȰϲ٣սֱȰǿ˲٣ûãһ浹ˣ
ԴˣԪҲֻεҡҡͷ
Ҫȥɽֻӣ鲻ͥ嶼ǲģԲܽ赽ٵǶԷȴǿ㳲ģⳡս˫ʵʵ̫˰


725 
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⡭ô£
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ظ֣̾磬ӾԼʹõԼûпԼʹõĻôǾԲܻȥģҲΪʲô֮ǰüеöӶûµԭ
ΪûʲôԽõˣ
ǸأȻֱӵһöӣ
ظֵ̣ƣκκδڶ޷ΥģʥҲУ˵ʲô˵˸ȷʵӵôǿģ
һöӣͨ˻ǧɣ޽ɣһֶԪӶԶǲܵ飬ȴƫƫǷˣ
ţԪӱһ֮ɫ鱦˹ȥ
ʱ鱦ҲǳһҲΪҪˣΪǵսϰ嶼ںģΪĳЩԭԼҲǲóģˣע˵ģ
˭뵽أƽ޹ʵģȻһöӣ˵öӻܸıµĸ֣Ѿ㹻Ծˣ
ΪȻظֵһöӣôʹӵл߿ԲٿöӵеʵЩĿ࿴ˣ
ţû˿ԥ鱦Ҳһöɫӣһʱ䣬еպǸΪ
ˣ
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ȻԪӺ鱦ޱȵĳԾеĸȴǲûвκε飬ڸղŵһ壬ҲֻΪҪϴˣȻ뵽˾סռڵЩɶѣ
ҪھͺˣڵĻξͲأ
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ҿô氡
Ȼȣȴû˿ķɣΪЩɵļ룬ȻûиıⳡսĽȻǴƵģ
䣡
ʱԶĺһ޴Ӵ֮Ӻǻһʮ׵ľˣȻٵ˹

һʱ䣬ΪΪʱ˿սϰӱͺӱһ˴СģҲңĺӱҲ̫˰ɣ
˴Сӱ˴ɼˣôʮߵľִʲô
Ѿǲˣ
ˣȴҲûţΪҲһſ֮ӣ

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⡭Ҳ̫˷˼˰ɣ
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ͬʱιУϵһöҲǺ룬Ԫһ㵣ΪԼòǹˣӵеǱȺǿ̫ˣֱɱˣ
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ԪӵȻЩˣΪѾǿˣ鱦һöУȻǽϺλҵѹˣ
Ҫ֪֮ǰļƻУЩڶǲֵܻģǳҲܻƵĳ֣鱦϶ĵģ
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һö£˲ǵһɼǿǿ±ףοҪסˣ
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֪µöӵǴʲôˣֻ֪öĴڣʵʥˣ
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㣬ԪӴ鱦ϾͿԿóˣ


726 
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ʱ鱦ֻǱԸ̬ظֵģ˭뵽ķӦȴǴĳ֮أ
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ǰȻЩףȴҲǲ飬ǺȴʵЩ޷ˣ
֮еʥ˼ָģ֮ͥ⣬ʣµƺҲֻɽϵĴаӷԼظڤͼϲϹˣ
Ҫ˵Խ赽ǵ鱦ȻǲŵģΪ⼸ǲܵ飬ɼȻ˵Ļָνأ
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˵ΪڶʥУǶǰéģ
ʥ˲ˣرǴģ˽ݵһУôȻҲǻģε鱾ûʲô̫İգһδ֪飬ǱǴ˵Ļǿ˰
ԪһģȻûнЩʲô鱦ȴ񲻻еĵ
һЦ鱦֪֪ɣһ֪أ֪飬Щ˼ҲǺõģ
˵⻰鱦ǽеӸȥ
ţԪӺ¶һȻģ
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˸ټںԪףǴĲ飬Щʲôأ
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ţԪǷ˹ȥ뿴ʱֻ顣
Уһö£űǹһڷ磬ڷֹ֮ͣ󣬸ǱǰһĻˣΪȻǿɫ־޴ķϳˣǰǾķ񣬲Ǵ
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һʱ䣬̲ס
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ͬʱںɫֵһ̣ɽ֮ϣ͵۾
ӷգǹˣȻ˽ƶɮݵظУ⻹ǹհ
˵⻰ʱ򣬴Ȼһĺƣ֮Уȴһ˿â
ԣһԵĹ±ǼΪԾΪظ飬ʥ˲ɣ˵֮һλʥظ֣һ涼ǣ˽ȥ
⻹һ˳Ծ鰡
ظ鲢ʲôϡ飬ʱҲᵱݣظֵʱһλʥ˸ǣ˽ɾе̫˳Ծ˰ɣ
˵Сֻƣ˵ǿɾսˣе±ǺĽҲ֪λʥ顣
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ȻⲻҪģҪλʥƺͥ壬Ϊλʥ˵Щġ
ˣȴѾǹԾˣôҲû뵽ⲻɫģͥоȻǳλʥˣȻλʥ˵ʵԼʥʼնʥˣǿСӵģ
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ڴ֮ǰ뿴ԼҵȫʱԷָķӦ
ͬʱУĴһڷԼ޺ǶѾǵص˹Ĳ˵Ǵ֮ˣյģò磡
ǰߵԵ̫ڱˡ
ҪǣĸƺѾҲûʲôԽˣռЩСǾͲ˵ˣ֮սǵˮн㲻ϣɻп췣ǣȫĽˣ̫һˣµƺûʲôԽˡ
˵ˣķҪſʤǰʥ˼Ĵڶаɣ
ʤǵģòҲֻˣ
ȵȡ졭
뵽Ǵһ飬žӰǳԺ֮У
ȷţԼҪĻԼ췣ǿ϶ǻὫԼģ̫һҲˣǾ졭
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˵ԼȷʵӦþǾתԼӦֻǾתȴǱ˰׹֮صľУ֮ǰʱ򣬸Ƕ޵ҧгݣܵĵǾͬҲǶԼ޵ҧгݣֱ뽫Լ̻ˣ
£Ҫȥֱǳ˵ΰ
Բԡ
ʱ͵ҡҡͷΪͻȻ뵽ȻԼǾתôӵеԭ
Ȼԭô˵ʲô費ģֱò


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һʱ䣬ޱȵûٸ̾ϼʱͻֻʱ˿̣Ȼǿʼ
ͬʱʹУ鱦Ԫǰ𽥿ѵҲǸ˳˼֮С
鱦ʥˣҲ֪ղŵǷʲô飬ظֵ̾Ȼǿʼ⻹ǰδе鰡
ĺ棬ղŸʲô顣
һԵԪͬҲޱȵĺȻΪ֪ǰ̲һ̣ͨǿٵ֮ʱ鱦һȡ֮ɽƶɵģ
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Ȼιˣˮͯһ˵һ߲ͣĶŸʹɫɱĿģҼʦǰأ
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һԺ˵ţһֿʼƺûע⵽ˮͯӵɫˮͯӺżΪµΪʵЩ̫ˣԼʦʮֵͣǸҲЩ˰ɣ
ʵˮ֪ͯµΪԼԿƵģ֮ǰеʱۿеҪ׵ˣȻҲǽŵҪѰҳڣûҵڵʱ֮ǰվĵط±Ǳ˿׹޾ԨУٴλعʱԴεֹվסˣû˼ˡ
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һĹԪӺǾԼеķȻǰɨһ£űǶŸ͵ػ˹ȥлȥ
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ʦ֣ͯӿˮͯӵʦְǵδСʦܸɱˣ

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СĽǶУǺԪһزҷĽҩʶЩԺ֮ǰҲЩΪ֮ǰЩֻأ
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ʦҪָ˵ʵҲֵӣղŵӿԽµĻҲǲᷢˣʦ𷣣
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ʦʦ˵öԣҲεģҪʦֵĻôһ𷣰ɣ
ţͯҲǲʾ
֮ǰ飬ˮͯӺͻͯȻ˿Ҳ֪ģֻ֪ԼʦԪʦ壬⻹һ壬֣
Ȼ֪Լʦ׻᲻Ϊ¹ǼȻ֮ǰõ˸ôʱȻҲǲܲ˲ǣ˵ģǿϣԳΪǵСʦܵģ
ۿˮͯӾȻҲΪԼ˲Ҳһĸж˵Լ֮ǰĶȻûаͰ
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ʥ˶ԣΪ֮ĶǲҪģΪʵزϵȥأ
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ҪͳĻôӦǱ֮ΪǱܵģ
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ļһ˵鱦ϲҪΪͽˣԼҲ뷨ȻҲֻһת˲ŵ뷨ˣϾǰһѾ׼ʦˣ
Ȼ뿪øˮͯʱ鱦ߣȻҲǲÿˣϾʦͽ˵ķݣ
һʱ䣬ձЩŹΪڸˮͯ˵Щ֮ǰ˾Ȼû˿ĻظøҲǲɵЩ
ڣڸˮͯӻͯУ鱦ǿˡ
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˲˽鱦ˮͯȴǼΪ˽ģ鱦˵ʱˮͯӱ֪Լҵʦڸղŷʵû˿ŭ⣬ΪԼλʦŭʱɲġ
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Ȼʮˮͯӵģǵʱ򣬼鱦ûΪ֮ǰȴʮֵĽ
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˶̫һҲˣϾ̫һһĴڣǱ鱦֪Ҳûʲôģǻͻֹǽ˶̫һеɺ;
ôһĻɾЩˣ


728 ˵ܲٲܲپ͵
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һʱ䣬ιкǱüΪȻְȴøЩӵĽ
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Ԫӣͯ°ɣ

⻰ͯӵ±ЩŴͣۼ֤һԼʦոΪͽأû뵽ʦȴ´һʱ䣬бЩŤ
һԵˮͯӿ±קסĸ첲űĸ첲˳ȥһԵԪΪεҡҡͷ
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ʱ˿̣ȴǸӵĽ
ݵĳĬ֮鱦ǿڵ֮ǰĶǵ𣿡

⻰˲һһĹ鱦˵ƺǵһμʱĵˡ
ȻЩ⣬ȴѾȫʱ鱦±ǻص鱦СȻǼǵõģ֮ǰЩʵ̫ڸˣСһʱ仹޷⣡
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ϧ鱦һѷ죬ҷ϶ʵЩˣѾǲټʹˣ鱦˵Ŀϧȴȫһˡ
վ鱦ֿڵݳظ֣ʼ̫©ʱʵʩֻʲôӣŮɽͼͺˣɽͼһ磬ежʵģɽͼظ֣ǵΪʺϲˣֻǿϧˣɽͼ֮ǰѾʧˣ
Բۣ
⻰ʱ򣬸мֱһ񱼶Ϊ˲֪ɽͼԼȴ֪İ
ȷһ˵ɽͼ˿̾ռأ
֮ǰڰ׹֮أϢʱɽͼҲΪͨԳԬԼ̫һڶ̫һİӳ˰׹֮أߵʱɽͼȻҲǱ
ڸνɽͼʵͺռò࣬ǿռһķвͬǣɽͼеʵ̫ˣ˷ָĵزһԽԬĴУǳ֮⣬ʱҲûоⶫʲôô
鱦˵Щ֮󣬸ԭɽͼȻã
Ȼɽͼ飬Ȼǲ˵Щʲôˣ̰ͼΪɽͼǣʵеˣŶһ²һµ뷨ǹԹԵıͣʲôҲ˵
ţ鱦ſ˹ȥҲǸæȥ
ֻǷһᣬǰźǴ˿ӭģ˲һޱǿ֮Ϣ
鱦ǰһƬгľ󣬸ҲǲɵüΪ泩
֮ǰʱΪЩţҲûüܵĻʱϸһŷһõط̫ϵʮҪ̫ˣ
һʱ䣬ЩˮͯӺͻͯˡ
Ȼ͹ͣ˼һֱ鱦ϵģΪûǣ黹ûأ
鱦ҪΪͽȻʮֵĲ˼飬˼ƺˣҸԤУ鱦ƺϾҪ˵ˣ
ܳΪʥ˵ͽܣҲʮ˷ܵģϾһΪ鱦ĵӣôԺͥҲܺùһˣȻҪģһΪ鱦ĵӣôҲû˸ҶЩʲôˣ
һ뵽һ飬кΪΪûǣԼʦģʦȻɨˣ
˵ɨʦƽЩ˵ò˵ÿԼҪʱܻλʦʵʮֵĸмģ
һЩˣȻԼѾʦôôٰ鱦ΪʦأҪİˣôɨǱָô
ţɨкǴһ
ͽܰģ
Բۣ
⻰ʱ򣬸±ǱһΪ˵ʵôҲû뵽ɨǾȻʱԼ
⻹˵ܲٲܲپ͵
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Ҫ¶ɨǵҲ˵㻹ǸϽһɨѸɣΪʦ뵱˵
Щ㰡Щε˵ιأһʱǻزȥˣ
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⻰ʱͷɨǳһ
һ⻰жʱҲЩΪµְλ˵ͥĸǺǰȥʹʱҲûɨôԾεôأ
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Ҫ׼Ϊͽأ
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⻰ʱ򣬸֮ǰĻҲǵõ֤ʵˣɨĿĹȻǸйصģ⻰˼ƺѾ֪鱦ҪΪͽˣ
⵽ô°ΪʲôɨҲ֪أʦģȻԼͽȥݱΪʦ
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ΪʦҲе㲻ø˵ģΪʦҲǵһμʱ̽е뷨֮ҲûˣʵϵڣΪʦҲûٲ̽е뷨ˣΪַֻԷãѾǳɣԶȻûˣ
ɨǱؾ˵뽫Ūȥ
ȻҲǲɨǵĿģȻɨǲ˵ôȻҲǲˣ漴ֻ˵ˣȲ˵ˣʦݿͽɨǣһȰͽɨǰ鱦Ϊʦòе˵ȥɣ


729 Ը
ͽܣɵ
䣬ǱߵɨǺΪпһ䡣
ŲȸشɨǿڵΪʦ˵ʦһֱֻʦͽ֮ʦͽ֮ʵΪʦɱģܲҲȥɱ˵õɣ˵֮ǰ˽ʥʹӽ㱾£ȵ֮һ̫鱦أ
ʥͽǧ궼飬ôԾ׵ķŹ˵ˣ̫鱦ƺͥʱѾʼ۲ˣֹ͸һ鱦־ȹϸ˵ĻʵҸʦ
֮һ仰鱦ҪͽܵĻֻܴӦˣԼĸ֣κ˶ĽģҪǲӦĻôΪʦҲ˵ЩʲôֻҪԼھˣ
һͨ˵꣬ɨǺЩΪ֪׻ѡ
鱦ҪոͽܣʦɨȻЩˣ鲻죬ƫƫȴ޿κΡ
鱦ʲôˣ
ǿǿĴ֮һԼȫûпɱԵģǰŭǾó˼Ҳδػһۡ
ȻҪģǱ鱦ԼȷʵǲʺΪһʦģ
Ҫ˼ҵʦȻǵб½̸˼ˣֱڣн̹ʲô
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ƽĶۣø鱦ΪʦڸԺĳɾͶĪİģȻ˵ĻԼʦ֧ܲأ
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ϻɨһɣȴҸղ˵Ļ˵ôݰɰݰɣҪܳ鱦ĵӣԺΪʦҲܺǴţˣ
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⻰˵УɨڶȻҲĸж±ǼΪο˵У仰ΪʦҲǰˣô¾˵ˣҪǵã鱦ΪǿĴ֮һʱ򣬿ǧܺΪʦʱһˣȻʱǻʲô鷳£
⻰漴һǰ鱦𣬽ŻصʦͷİɣȻģιҿ϶ᴦСĵģιˮͯҲѾǰҵǵСʦˣʲô飬Ƕǻæģǲʲô¶ģ
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˵ιеˮͯȻǽǵСʦܣɨ֮ǰŵǿҲȥΪҲ֪ȻˮͯӵƢãֻ˶ԵģǱŵĵӣˮͯȴΪչ˵ģǵİæظ鱦ʱҲʲôˣ
ɨǿʱ˿̵ĸ϶ûм鱦𣬱ϾǼ鱦ĻʲôʱԼ˵أ
ɨ֪˿̵ĸ鱦أ
ţǽ˸仰ɨǶϿϵȻҲǲɫվ͵ʲôҲû

ò鱦վʱҲõ˰ɣҲ˵ʲôֻĿԶҲ֪ڿЩʲôЩʲôⳡʵЩְɣ
Щֵ뵽
ţһĹǰ鱦ǿڵԸ𣿡
ͻľٶ±øһһʱ䣬Ϊ鱦ڲ̽е뷨أ
ȻȻǲܻᷢˣⲢõ⣬鱦ѹͲмΪʵЩԱˣ
һԸ˲ǰѸסˣΪ鱦⻰˵ʵЩ̫ģˣѹͲ֪Ըָĵʲô顣
˵˭֪鱦ǴΪͽģǻ˵ˣ⻰ûд鱦ĿȻĻô˭֪仰ָĵǲأ
ţһʱЩʱ֮ǰɨ˵Ļʱ
˵ʲôֻܴӦˣ
԰ȻԼ²͸鱦˵⻰˼ôȫӦˣָĵʲô飬Ӧûİ
ţһ˿ԥ漴ǵͷСɴӦˣ
⻰鱦±ǻͷ˸һۣǿ˵ȻӦˣΪβ򣿡

һʱ䣬Ǵһ飬ΪѾˣ鱦ָ飬Ϊͽ飡
û˿ԥ±ǹڵأȻһ˷ܵĿǰ鱦Ӹμ
Բԣһ֣֮ǰҸǸ֣
˵һ룬鱦ǿڴ˸
һ֣֮ǰҸǸ֣
ʣ⻰ʱ򣬸±ЩˣΪʵ벻鱦ʲôʱһˣ
˸֮⣬ԼòҲֻС
ȵȡǰɣѵ˵ŲǶ۾ȡģ鱦۾Լȡģ
ȻЩ㵣ϸ룬Լֳ˸֮Ҳֻӵĵˣ鱦ָģˣ
µһ̬Ƕ鱦ݵӷӣμʦ
漴ģصͷ
ͷѾˣٷһʦ裬Ҳ͸ĳˣ
ڸտͷʱֻǰʲôһ£ˮͯӵˮͯģеһ裡
ˮͯӵͻȻ֣鱦Ҳû˵ЩʲôˮͯƺҲ֪ԼʦΪС¶ԸµǰͲˡ
Ÿ𰡣Ͻʦ裿
ۿŸƺЩ㶣ˮͯӵǴߴ
ŶŶŶ
һ˲Ĺ򣬸ҲǷӦ˹űǸæСĵĽˮͯеĲˮȻݵ鱦ǰлͽʦ裡
£鱦תˡ
ֽеĲˮ˹ȥһڣԶĵطǴһ󻶺
ŷҮ˳ˣڲСˣԪʦ֣ԺɲٺСʦ˰
ԶĻͯһ߻ȸԾ߱ţһ߶ԪӺ
ԴˣԪһΡ
ֽŵˮͯŵУ鱦Ƕǹڵϵĸ˵ˣɣ
⻰Ҳû±վʱԪӺͻͯҲѾ˹
ˮͯӣԪӶԴ鱦һǼΪصģ鱦ǰ±һε˵ʦδܰʦرܣʦ𷣣
鱦ЦԪӣʲôãЩʱ̫ڹŰˣͲҪˣȼλʦܰɣ
鱦˵ţŸ˹ȥ
鱦Ѿûһ˿ľˣ˶ǱļΪϾιҪѾǰˣһеΪ˳ȻҲһˣ
Ȼλʦֵʱ򣬸лôһĽŵġ
СܷӣμԪӴʦ֣
һĹ򣬸ǶԪӰȥ
ԪӵҲûȵ֮ǰһס˸ȻʦĪҪԺҾһˣʲôĻֻܿھˣΪһȫ㣡ˣΪмС⣬͵͸ļɣ
˵ŻǿԪӴǿһȿǶģʱһӱ۷Ź
һԵĻͯӸΪȵĺ˳
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ûʱ˿Ԫŵľһö˲ιˣ
ֻö˲ιƴС״ȴ˺ͯ뷢üĿУǿøһϲ
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Ԫ˵ţǽе˲ιݸ˸


730 ˲ι
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ǺʱһԵĻͯȴͻȻյԪǰȻ˵ʦ֣˲ι𣿲Ҳһö£
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⻰ͯӵɫһӱǱ֮ͨŤŤ˵ʵҲûˣҲǳŶѡ
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⻰㶼ҪѪˣϾ˲ιһŽʮŹӵԵõһžѾ컯ˣͯӾȻѾԵˣ˲ιһ֮һˣ
һδҲ̫Щɣ˲ιֲһƻӣô԰
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˲ιһŽʮŹӣŹ˶ŹӾȻǽĶӣС棬µ˲ι㹻ʮˣô֪㣿
ԪЩ۵Ŀͯ˵
˲ιԪӶԣҲһĸˣǿ˲ιȥύ֮еĳЩ֮ˣ˲ιʵ̫ϡˣÿʹһ˲ι֮ǰԪӶϸϸĿһԼҪ鵽ֵֵȥʹ˲ι
Ϊͷ۵ǣԼҵСʦȴҲǴ˲ι⣬֮ǰТ鱦˲ι͵˲˵Ȼ͵͵ܵĵһ͵˲ιһŽʮŵ˲ιѾֻʮˣ飬һֱΪεġ
ʱһԵˮͯӺҲЩΪҪ֪ЩҲǲ˵ģ˵Ե˲ιûлͯӶ࣬ȴҲ˶ˡ
һŽʮŵĹӣܳϼѾʮֵˣû뵽ǣԵĻͯӾȻǲ㣬ֵԪҪ
һ̰İ
ˮ֮ͯǰżһ鱦Ԫ̸֪֮ԭԪ֮ڷҵĵ棬л˲ιĹͣ
Ԫ˲ιȥύеĸǳΪԼѣҲΪŲ׶ԪӳˣΪԪӵЩѶ붼Ǵ֮ҪĸĻЩǿ϶ҲǻģʵЩòʧˣ
֮ˮͯӱ˶˲ιͷʱȴ˽߻ͯӣΪεľ档
챾ʦͽĴϲ֮գʵЩʰ
ţˮͯӵ±ǰһѳס˻ͯӵ죬һһ˵ˣϽұɣûʦʦлҪ˵һǻر°ɣ
ͻȻˮͯӸס죬ͯȻЩյģûڵʱͺǱһָֻסˡ
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ˮ̲ͯסС˲ιһŽʮţ㶼ôô㣿Ϊ˲ιֻһŹӶʦԪʦҪ˲ιдõģҪٸȥҪ˲ιŲһ٣
ԪȻΪǿǻͯӵĴʦ֣ԻͯһǼΪĳ谮ԻͯӸͲԪӣǶˮͯӣͯȴµԽţһֱйƤһ޾
ˮͯ뿪֮һʱֻʣ鱦ԪӻиˣǰλУȻҲǲҶ˵Щʲôģһֱǰһԡ
һԵԪͬҲˣΪѾǿˣڸղŵʱҵλʦƺڿʲô飬ʱȻҲǲö˵Щʲôˡ
һĹĿ˸ϡ
˵ʵֻǴʵǿķ˵ô𣬿ֵǣǰһΪͨķˣȻǿԲٿЩޱǿʵЩ⡣
ȻѾʮֵҪˣΪĸѾǳ׵׵վһߣҸ֮ǰҪĻ϶Ҳǻᱻǣģ
˸İԪӶε黹źܴĵģ
⻰˵ˣ֮ǰظ֮ʱ鱦⽫Ĵǣ˽涨ȻҲ֪飬Ȼ֣ȴ˽ĳЩδ֪Ԥ֮ǰݵظ֣˵ֱڣǱĪ⡣
Ԫã鱦˼ģƺ顣
ûã鱦ֿˡ
ӣ
û˿ԥ漴Ӧڣ
ΪʦԪʦҪ̣㻹һȥɣ´ͥʱٹһˣΪʦЩҪ˵
鱦𿪿ڵ
⻰˵ǸкˣԪҲЩơ
鱦˵飬ָľ֮ǰݵˣҿӣƺĴҪȥµģɼȻ˵ĻΪʲôҪøرأ
֮ͨǰݵظҲµģаҪĽɫȻĻΪʲôҲ߸أ
ǰ׼
һʱ䣬ԪӵкǸΪ
ȻҲʮֵƣΪڸղŵʱҲˣ鱦ƺǻбʲôҪ˵ģƹƣȻʦԸ飬Υأ
鱦Ԫһ񣬸ˡ
չչһսǣǰӰˮֻͯ˭أЩһˣ˲ι˵һҲǵըˡ
Ҫȥ
ͯӿʵ
ʦԪӴʦҪȻȥҪ˼ȥˣ
˵
ȥвУڿɲܻȥôҲסϼɣ
ͯӺǲĵ˵
⻰ˮͯӵ漴ǶŻͯ˵û˵ʦԸ飬ʦԸΥ𣿡
ۿˮͯǰʦ˳ͯһʱЩˣֻǿڵðɺðɣȻĻҲǿˣ´ιĻһҪסЩʱգҲúúõĴתת
ԴˣһЦǾȭǰˮͯӰݵȻ˵Ļôʦܾлλʦˣ
⻰һڣˮͯɫ϶ʱһϲرǻͯӣ˷ܵĶЩˣȻʦѾѾˣ
ţˮͯӱһֱͳ뿪ˡ
ڸǰŸ뿪ʱ鱦ǿڵε飬ǲˣ

⻰ԪӶʱޱȾ֮ǰһֱΪ˸ļ룬鱦ǻӦģ˭֪Ȼ˵Ļأ
ʵе㲻Ծɣ
ţ±ʮֲʵʦΪΰ֮ǰûСʦܼʱôķԣСʦܵļ룬ǾǿԳɹģΪʲôʱͻȻأ
Ϊļ룬Ϊʦľ
鱦˵ţǱ
ȻʱԪȴǵˣΪʵû飬ȥĻаٷ֮ʮİտԳɹĻʵвʣ
Ӳʦͣ
ԪΪִ˵
ۼˣ鱦̾˿ΪףҪǲԪ˵ĻֻԪлһֱŲˡ
һӣһ鱦з˳ȥȻֻһĽ⽫ιסˣʱԪкһΪΪʲô鱦
ʶ̽飬ⱾΪƽķ·鱦ϣôɾǲɵԪӲԾˣϾʦΪǿĴ֮һ˭̽ĵ̣ƫƫôˣ֤Ҫ˵Ǽ϶ʯ쾪ģ
һ֮鱦ǿԪӵɻǵǰǳ֮ս
ȻǼǵõģȻ֪鱦Ϊʲôķ֮սԪӻǴ֮ǰķ֮սһսˣڼ䣬֣أ
΢΢ĵ˵ͷ鱦ʵ㻹ǵЩеǿ𣿡
ţ
⻰ʱԪѾԽӾЩ֮ǰ֮սѾǸˣôȻɵأ
鵽ǺԼҪʲôϵأ
ȵȡ
ʱԪӵԴ͵һһĹһȵĿǰ鱦ʦòǻɣ


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ʥ֮飬еʱ򲢲Ҫ˵̫ףһһ仰ˣȻ鱦ûо˵Щʲôһ˼֮ԪӺ뵽һ˼飡
֮ǰЩ鶼ǲֵһˣΪǹغİΣ
ʵЩ̫޷ˣ˵Ļ¼ǲܷĲŶԣ
ۿߵԪƺѾʲô鱦΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻ˵Ϊʦ֮ǰҲǲ֪ģڸղŵʱû뵽ǷϸĻһ£࣡
һУʵʥ˵ĴȻȴԽӴģУôܻһӽӴλԸ⽫ʥˣ
ڴ޽ɼ˸ǲˣЩ˶붼֮ͥеģԼô㽫һôϤˣ
Ϊʦ϶֮ǰģһǿߣȻ˵ĻôƺҲֻǲˣ
ȻЩ˼Ŀǰƺˣ
Ȼ鱦޷ĵ˭Ǽ򵥵˼֮һʥǸܽģУҲһӻλʥ˿Ͻ
Ȼ˵Ļô֮ǰ϶һˣȻе鶼Ǳ
ûĻҲһ֮һҴӸԽеĵλͣϾλʥ˼Ĵڽأ
ʱԪҲ飬ҲʱΪʲô鱦ֹȥˣ
Ҫȥ飬ûиĻԼһ϶ǱذɵģǲĻƱػɵʱֻӵ鷳ҸһͥĻôͥ϶˸ɵģû׼ԼһᱻΪɵͬ
ΣԪӵǿ鱦˵ʦӻһ²ʦͣ
鱦΢΢ͷ
ȻѾ֪ʵݣôΪʲôҪΪͽأ壬ǲһеĴڣ֮ʱ֪ɱ˶ٵɣЩ춼УΪʲôȻľأ
ԪӺǲĿ鱦˵
ķ֮սλʥǿɶֵģУ鱦ˣİɽȫҲ֪ɱ˶ٵɣеͰ춼Ǳɵģ
ĹԪӱЩ̫˽鱦µľٶˣ˵˸ɣֱɱͿô⻹ҪΪͽأ
Ȼ⻰鱦ȴЦԪһĪҲ֪µЦˡ
Ц֮鱦ǿ˵ǰ˭ʲô£鱦ͽʱмƽϹ˵ˣֻҪϲҲͽܣ˭ֹܵõң
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鱦һȽĴڣнķλʥһֱǸģλͽżΪϸҪ󣬿Ψ鱦ȴûʲôҪġ
ͽֻƾһ㣬ǾԼϲͺãħֻҪϲղ
֮ǰΪ̫ڹעɵ飬ԪһʱȻǽˣʱЩ̿ΪʦͽܣԼͽܿԲģԼⲻЩԽ޴
ʦյͽУħ֣һɣƺҲʲô˽ܵˡ
ۿԪ˵ľٶ鱦漴˵ˣɣ˵Ҳܹ㣬Ͼȷʵܲһ㣬д˹Ҳ޿ɺǵģ
⻰Ԫ˿վֱӡ
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⻰Ԫӵĵ˵ͷ
ţ鱦Ƿһת˽ȥл£ȥһɣ

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֮󣬸ûͥκεͣ׼ȥ˼ˣΪϸʱ䣬Ҳͥ˲ٵʱˣ˼ĻҲǹˣҪǣڿռָдأ
ȻǿռָпסˣԺ֮ĶҲһӦȫʼջ̫ڿЩ϶ƻˡ
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ٴ۾ʱ򣬹ȻǻصϤķУһͦվ±ǽռָ˳ûãƺǳ˸ǰ
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⻰Ҳû˵ЩʲôֻĽ쵽˸ǰȻָң
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طǹϷǳ֪ʤأģҪǱ˿һȺһԼǰٺԼһ̫ʦĻôֻֻǳٵ鷳ˣ
Ե£æǼӿٶſڱ˹ȥҪµһ˲佫סˡ
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ʱҲǸ˳ǰտҲľƵ꣬ҲΪɻ˵⵽ô£


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ţüͷΪ⻰ʱȴҡҡͷʾಢˣøΪɻΪԭʵ벻ˡ
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⻰ʱ򣬸Щˣ˵֮ǰ֪Ҳƴ֣ʵû뵽˾Ȼƴֵֵز
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ΪЩ̫ʦôҪǺã
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Ҳ֪ô£ءԣҼҼͻȻһɳټǣطҲֻǷ£ȴһŲ֪ˣ
֮ǰʱΪ˲ԼļڣԸǶϵԼеϵʽȴҪƻкҲ
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ҸҲףǾԲƭģ
뵽ɫһӱǷˣ漴ǰֵˣֻһʶѣҲ̫ˣػɣ

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˽ҰһĴ¶еҵӿûб¸ΪҪˣǵȻޱεġ
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ǵʱò˵ЩҲûʲôˣΨһģҲֻǾĸϻҽˣȻٴ֮ǰԼôҲסϼɣ
ϾôĿڵľƵ갡סϼĻʵǿĻţ˵ˣҾƵȻѾԼˣôԼ뿪֮ҾƵ϶ҲҪӪҵģȻҲٲһˣ
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Ըⷬ˵Щʲôأ
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ôȻ˵ĻӾͲ̫ʦˣӸˣ
һݣǴҵˡ
Դ֪˸ǵ̫ʦ֮˱뷽跨ĻȡйغϢаСľļѡԼеعߵķԼС֡
һֱҵӸײĻôǵ³ͨôãȻǸСôɾǴһˣ
ǰʱΪֻСʶǣ˳ͻĽ֮󣬳ͻǽˡ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲô˯ҹǺԣӸղǼ䷿ӵǻǻرܵĺã
ϾҶǳˣЩʵڲҪ˵ĺף
λ̫ʦ棬ȻҲһ˰˵ҲӲģ


733 к˵ɱ
֮󣬸ҲûԥֱǻصԼķ䡣
˷֮ȴǲ˷ƵӰԡǴһ춯ƺϴ衣
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⻰е±һ𣬲ȴǲĵһ䡣
Ȼʱɫǰ±ǰ鶼Ժˣţǰһľٶ˲ǰѷһıǺһһˣȴ˵ǽߡ
ǰһƶʱҲ޿ˣֻЩŵĿ㡭㵽ʲô
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ټһȺֽʱʱĻҧһ촽ģеƥѾ׵ľˡ
ҾãǵĹϵǲǿԸһˣ
˫ĿЩȵĿǰķ˵ǴսЩһʱ䣬һǴıǿУеƥԽЩ
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⻰ɫ±¶˼Ϊ˷ܵɫ漴ǿſڱ˹ȥϾ˵ʵڵģҲϣؼʱ
ȷȷʵǹغ֮󣬸Ǽ͵˴ߡ
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һǺ±˱ѡ
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Ҳ֪˶ãһĴӱ̽ͷ֮ǰЩƬʱЩеһҲǼְСʱˣΪԼҲǲģΪǣԼȻǼһСʱ࣬˵ȻΪԼΪߵԵˡ
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ٺһЦ˵ʲôö˵İ尢̿϶ҲǿģϾҲǹҪĵĵĻֱӽˣǻʲô˵
ᡭ飿
⻰ʱ򣬱еķСĵ¶˰ԴűǺС˵˵İҿûб㰡˵ˣѾͥˣɲǲԽ𣿡
ˣ˭˵ɲܽˣҪǲܽĻͥЩɶôģֻǲܺͷ˻ħѣ
⻰˵꣬Ƶɫһ䣬űЩĵ˵ɣǷˣȻܽ飬㻹˵ʲôȢң
˵⻰ǽԴ˱С
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⻰˵ľȻķȻһжűǴյ˸ߣȻԴϣһӡ
⻰ڿЦľɨǵݵǿп޵ģϾѾ̫鱦ĵˣݣͥǸһ𣿼ȻĻҪɨǵʲô
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һʱ䣬еǺ
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һԵķƣ״̬ȴЩ·һһյģøš
ԶĿһĻЩҵȻҲ⵽ôһˣһʱ䣬Ҳǲɵ˵λ̫ʦ滹Ȼһ˼Сʱ
ȻȻ룬Ǵǵȴǲһ˿һĺۼϾ˭֪ǲ˵ġ
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һ̧ͷ굱ҲǷ˸ͷƣ±к磬ƽ㣬
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Ҳû취鰡ϾǰֻСڵ֪˸Ϣ֮󣬾һҪȥһ뵽пڷһЩΪ֪飬ȻҲֻܽǸˡ
ѾĿתĶǺüСʱˣˣԼҲǿһˡ
ŷ֮󣬺굱±һĿŷ˵ƽ㣬ôˣﲻô·һŤһŤģ
⻰Ƶɫһ죬һʱֲ֪˵ЩʲôֻǺݺݵĵ˸һۡ
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ԴӾ˸ղŵ֮󣬸ڷƵĹĳ̶ȿ˲ֹһΣ÷ĶǸж

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ۼˣƵ±ҡͷû˰ɣʵҾһ˵ѣ棬ʲôʲôɣҶϲģ
ⲻУȻôҾһȵţȥȥ
˵⻰˲ʧˡ
ͻľٶ±˴ʧɫ˭Ҳ㲻⵽ô£ôͻȻһӣλ̫ʦʧˣ
һԵķƺͺˣ˿ȴǵ࣬Ϊ֪϶ȥռˣ
ռ֮󣬸±кһСºץ㣬һʱ䣬ռڵǱ
ռڵĺˮǸͥȡģˮбŲٵϺЩϺױͥˮУΪʲˣ


734 ϫĿ
Ϊû˵ҪٵϺֹūһСҲî˾ںﵹûãߵϺѵúСɽһˡ
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޳ɵΪ϶ǲģͨǰĹ۲죬ŷԼˣʵϲ
ȻԵҲһЩ㣬ڻĵ࣬ûԹǰȻҲż㣬ȴǴҲԵģòҲ˳㡣
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ʱԭһǷֳˡ
ĵ˵ͷȻŶһԵϺǷԸˣûʲô¶ˣϽȥɣ
⻰ЩϺﻹԥűƴȥˡ
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ͬʱ˻ûиһеô£ҵͼѯʷƻкǵʱҲʲô˵⵱ԽЩĽ
û뵽ǣһĹ򣬸Ӱǳ˵ǰлһֻͰͰȻװһͰϺ
⡭⵽ô°
Щˡ
ʱ򣬸ȴǲ²ˣֽװͰݵһҵУǿڶԸһ㿴Űɣ֮ķʢһЩɣ
ԭûǳʦȴûаҾƵԭĳʦȻڣֻּͣᰡ
ап࣬ȴǲ˵ЩʲôˣֻӲͷƤ˵ף̫ʦģ
˵⻰±ǴżҵӺͰϺȥˡ
ֻǸϽ绰ڼˣڼ֮еĳʦǳո֣Ķǽһζľ巽ȻٷЩʦӦҲһѵɣ
Щȷ뵽
ҪȻҲǵõһʱˣĶȴֳɵģʱϱǰ˸ָʳ
ЩʳȫͣϾ˹⣬Ҳֻˣ
ǰЩռʱΪϲģǳϼ֮󣬶ʱǾЩζΪ͵ζʵ̫ڵˣըǼģȵ˻ĵʳ
ҺԣƺҲģҲĳһ㶫ѣһԵĺ͹ȴǳԵĿĶˣرǺ꣬Դ֮ÿ춼ҪԵţţൽþƵ˶ǴΪԴȴûʲô̫ķӦΪںıԣԵʵࡣ
ʱ½ʼϵͳȥЩ͵ģȻһڵĲȡ
˸ָ֮⣬ȻһЩĶеĲȡ
±ЦŶվһԵԸ׼ôĶ˰
̫ʦˣ⻰æ˵ֻҪϲҲֵõģ˵ˣʵҲûʲô
⻰һЦűǿʼΪƼ˲
ۿŸ˳ǰķ˲ûʲôرķӦ˿
ʵղ˵Ŀɶʵȷʵûʲôģ飬ֻϵڼҡ
ڵ֪֮֮ڼұǿʼæƺǾõ绰˵ڼҾȻҵĳһֱֳ
ҵĳʦ㣬ֱͨʾ˸ڵҾƵĳЩʦҪģֻǸƵеķһһΪ˲ʲôӣԱ߻ר˷롣
һڵ֪еʳ֮ҵĳʦǱŻüˣЩⱿֱŵʱеֺּޡ
ܵ˵εǷǳԲģЩǣ˸ղŵľЩʦǾȻǶԻĵĳ˺ܴȤԴӻƸһλո߳ĳʦǣ
Ρ
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֮ǰ飬ƽȴҲϸסһˣҲΣͷƻص֮ȻĻصԼķ䡣
ڽļʱ½Ĵе飬ȷԼ뿪֮ҾƵ껹תȻһ׼뿪ˡ
˻һпΪû뵽ҾȻ˽˷ɻУ
ҵ˽˷ɻСʱǵƽˡ
˵ҽܼȴҲûһ̶ܵȵĵزڴ֮ǰǵͺ͹ؼˣ֮⣬ȻҲǵȻؼһˣڼ϶ãֻǴкѣϾҪŸȥҵģ
ȻҪģ֮ǰӦϫѾǰ쵽ˣҲպðѰϫҪĶ
˵ǱѾص˻ľڣȴʱ̵ڸߣøΣȴҲǲö˵ЩʲôˣֻһֱţشƫƧҲûʲôֵ顣
ϵʱ򣬷ƻصԼڼӴŰϫ
֮󣬰ϫ±һĿŸЩô£
ûʲôҵ˶ѣҸҲϲߣֻˣ
ԭ
⻰ϫ˼ĵ˵ͷ
ˣҪĶѾ취ˣ
ţֱˡ
⻰ϫ±ǼΪһɵ˵ģϽóң
˵֮ǰͰ˸Լȡ̫ϵ𣬲ڰϫ϶һ׵飬û׼õϸʮģ˭뵽أżµĹ򣬸ȻѾǵˣ
⵱һֲ˼ĸо
װϽ«óʱϫǱüΪ
Ȼϫǹ壬ȴǸıԣһĹ嶼һһĹΨȴģ
ڻһ˿̸Ͻ«ʵʵģȴܲϽ«ǿĻ֮
ȷʵû
ϫЩ˵Ұɣ
ԣͷⶫҾΪȡģȻǻˣڸ֮ǰ֪㵽׼ʲôССҪܸҰɣ
Ѿǲµ˰ϫ׼ԼʵģھôȷʵһҲ֪ˣٰ𽻸ϫ֮ǰԼбҪģϾɲһʲôҪմһĻû׼ͻ᳹׵ıҲ˶˰ϫ
⻰ϫĺ˻ȥƬ֮ǿڵҪʲôѾǲµ˰ɣ
ûͷҲֻǲµһѣ㵽Ҫôȴǲ֪ˣ
һЦϫǿҵķе㼫ˣ㲻֪ģ
Ŷüͷһ˵
ۿŸ˵ļϫ֪Ҫǲ͸˵׵ĻǸὫ𽻸ˣݵ˼֣֮ȻֳɵԼĿϱȻһ¡
ЩĪ±˵ʲô˼
ϫҲǴСӵģҺСʱһβСĵ˵ػҽУػҽȫҵ壬ʱҲ֪ô£ҾȻ֮ұҪģֻظһСʱǳ⣡
ˣ
˰ϫĻ֮󣬸±ҡҡͷͻȻãԼϫȥͥȡ̫ϵȫһ׵飡
ʲôظһСʱһ⣿
һȻ׼ȼԼȻȡ
ģⲻǿЦ𣿱Ͼɲʲôػҽն޷ϫôܵס


735 ޷޸˺
鶼˵Ψ飬ҲܴӦˣǲģ
˵Ż±׼ˡ
ϫҪ飬ȫɱΪæȻǲԸˣ
ۼˣϫҲЩżţƺ뵽ʲô飬һǱΪƽʮֵȻʵѵͲ֪ΪʲôҪô𣿡
⻹𣿡ֻΪҪõǿѣ
ôΪʲôҪõǿأ
ϫֵ
⻰һʱҲЩסˡ
ڰϫУĿľΪ˰Լǻȥȫ嶼ѾǰᵽԼռ䣬˵ϫҲӦˣҰϫ֮ǰҲһ㣬֮ǰľٶƺ׼˼Ȣˣ
µİϫƺȫûȥð˰ΪʲôͻȻ뷨أ
ţüͷƬ֮ǿŰϫ˵˵˵ɣ⵽ô£
˵ˣ𣿡
ϫֵ
ҡҡͷѣҲ뺦㣡
֪ϫЦڻĺúõģҲûʮİգҲǲȥģ
⻰ֻǵĵ˵ͷȻʾϫ˵ȥ
ţϫɫǱΪ֣
ҹȫ壬ʮֵĸл㣬һᾡȫȥ㣬ȻɣǸҵ˽⣬ҲĶ԰ɣоͷпܻᱻɻߴɱ˵Ķ԰ɣ
һֱڰϫУɶ޷ܵĴڣֱСҰͷų֮ĹǷ˸ı䣬Ҳʱ֪ԭУŲٿԸȼĴڣЩڣȴһССĹӿԵֵģ
Ҳʱϫŷ֣ԭһֱԼΪȻôĲһ
Ȼں˵ػҽȴȻѲˣԻһǧ֮꣬أ֮󣬸ָ˭
ҪǣµԼѾ𽥵û˱ٳһñһĴڣЩʲôأ
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Ϊ壬ʴǲʺģҪֻǴӱķ취ˣһ룬Ǵע⣡
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˰ϫĻ֮󣬸ҲǳĬΪϫ˵ûһʱȻǲ֪˵Щʲôˡ
Լʵ죬ǾԲ֮еģֻҪԼʵһ¶ôʣԼǻᱻ׷ɱģ
Լǰȫģ
ţ̾˿˵˵ûҪʲôϵ
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ֵȻ⻰˵Щȴǵ飡
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ֽµ·ɳϣϫſܸ˰ɣ
ֻʱ˿̵İϫ̻¶ϰվڸǰĿڴĵطһΪɲ˰̣˰ΧƺǱһ㣬͸˰̣ƺԼɼɻڲš
һʱ䣬ɫǱѿ
֮ǰ֮ͰϫСҰռеͥˮݹ裬ǵúʱϫѹûʲô̺ۣɲ˺ˣ
Ұϫ岻ͬڳˣֻҪһιߣϵ˺۶ǻϻָģ̺ȴͣڰϫϣô˵̺ۿ϶ǲһˣ
˭أȻ԰Ѱϫ˵ôأ
ţ漴ǴɨƿռһƿȪˮһߵݸϫһ˵⵽ô£ʲô˵㣿
ϫ˵ֻֽӹ˸ȪˮﲱһڣȻؿڵ˿һЩȪˮ
ʱؿϵ˰̱ۿɼٶȿٵĻָ
˿˵ԼȪˮȻôصǶûָˡ
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һֻյ죬Ȼڰϫؿڣ
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⡭ô£ΪʲôȪˮ޷޸˺ۣ
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ۼˣϫ漴һЦȻŽ͵ûõģ˵Ȫˮûãϵ˸޷ԭģΪⲢϵˣϵģ
⵽ô£
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𣡡ϫҵг𣬳ԭĵػҽ˳ͻ޷ںһֱҵŷ飡

⻰һΪҪ֪ⶫ˼ֻһӵеģôϫȻᱻ˵أ
һĹ򣬸ʲôűһŵĿŰϫ˵㡭ò֮ǰ͵ҵĳȻǿнڰɣ
Դӵõ˻Ǿĳ𣬸ҲֻʹһζѣǴΰϫҲڳģøɵñǲһ˿ɣǾǰϫϵ˲Ǳɵģ͵ԼĳȻǿںɵģ
ȻϫķӦ֤˸顣
ұţ󣬿ȴеģԳ㲻עʱȡһЩ׼ҵǡ˭뵽أȻ޷ڵĵػҽںϣǵˣǾȻҵڿ˰ֻСȴѾôˣò˶ãҵҪǸűˣ
ϫ˵ȴޱȵĵȻ
ȻɵȻȴһøһ֮
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Ĳˣ֮ǰΪѾǹ³çˣû뵽ϫ¾ȻǱй֮޲
Ϲޣޣ³çȻҲ⣬ǰϫأһǻ˼ϼһﰡôҲô³çˣ
ǳʹõĶ𣿸ǰˣһ
Ȼ˷ŭĸϫȴֻЦЦ˵ʲôã㵽ԸԸң
㣿ôȣ
⻰˲˼־ΪԼȷʵǲ֪ϫµôϾȪˮ޷˺ۣԼʲô취
ȻԼûа취ǿϫȥʲô취ģȻҲˣ
ѣǿ԰æĻƴǣ
ǽȰϫ˵ԼνǸ취ʱ˲
ϫνİ취˵Ҳʮֵļ򵥣ǾǽԼͥڣǿںԭеĵػҽͳ
Ǻԣνİ취ڸȴǺɱûʲôģ
Խţ±ҡҡͷУû̸ⲻҾ㣬ɱ㣬Ҳģ
ʲôµģϫͷؿڵ˰̵µҲǻ˶ˣƴһˣ˵ˣôģ
Ҳ㣬뻹Իһʱ䣬ҪǰĻܻ˵飬ҿû˿ɹļʵģԶԲˣ
ΰϫ˵˵ʼջǲԸðϫȥôΣյ飬ϾغҴӦȻ϶Ҳǲܲˣע⣬߰ϫ֮Ͼȥιʦ鱦𣬿ʲô취Ծ°ϫ
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ʱһֱĬİϫȴͻȻŸֻǰһеϽ«ǲˡ


736 ͷ
תȥʱ򣬸ǿϫѾϽ«еϣƣƺ׼ͨؿڵ˰̴ڵģ
Բˣ
ŸһЦϫкһɾȻɫţ±ǾԼĿڴ˹ȥ
е鼸һ˲䷢ģֱϫеؿڵǵ˰ʱ͵طӦ˹
⵹ΪӦˣѹû뵽ϫô
ϫͻȻľٶЩˡ
ڷӦһ̣Ҳõľ
û˿ԥֱӱǳŰϫ˹ȥɰϫ֮ǰ㽫ռУ
յռʱ򣬸˲ӣΪԶܸܵϫޱȵ¶ˣ
ζ㽻ϫģǰϫľٶȴ˵˵ҲûʲôˣȻ˵ĻôֻǿǱˣ
κ˶޷ƵģûпϨİ취һ˼ȼĻôѼֱ޷ģǵ㣬ǽϫռеһյϡ
⴦յռδõĵطĴǻ磬ʵûʲôյģĳʲô¸ȻҲǲˣԣĵģȴһҪ飡
Ǿǰϫһﵽܻܲ
ռ֮󣬸ȻĺͰϫ˾룬ȴȻϸĹ۲Űϫ
Դӽռ֮󣬰ϫ±ǱһȵĻΧסˣŻ治Ļ棬ƺֺݵĻ϶ɵģμΪ
ŻȻԼٶȵ¶ȣɵñø
۵ֻһž޴Ļ棬ѹͿϫӰȴ֪ϫ϶ǻŵģΪԴӽռ֮󣬰ϫ˺ѷΰĺûͣ
󺰽øףϫǻŵģ
ȻżµĸȴʲôҲˣΪǰŻ棬ԽκζڻҲˣϾʵ̫ˣ
ȻۿɼٶţʱԲжܣûñЩˣһ޺ǳߣ֮󣬸ǰٵķ
ͷһǸֱǧ׵Ļ򣬸̾˿Ϊ֪ΪΣѾǸӦκΰϫϢˣ
ʱֹͣҲǸæͣǿʼ˲ԶǸ
˿̵ĻȻǴ޷ݵĵزػҽһǱ̫ϵ¯е¶ȻҪΪǿϼ֣
вɵ˿ȻûиܵϫκϢǴǰϫӦûǻŵģϾϫȥ˵Ļôֻ˿ҲӦѾˣǻǰ֯һ
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Ҳ֪ô£ǰ޴ޱȵĻ͵һӿűʧӰˣ
⵱±øЩΪѹͲ⵽ô£
һĹ޵ıϣȻʼ֮ǰѰ˰ϫ
Ȼ֮ǰĵĵطҵһ
֮ԳΪΪʲôԭ򣬶ȷʵѾһˣ
ʱ򣬸һʱ㲻֪˵Щʲôˡ
ݵĳĬ֮Ǹ˹ȥ
ռĻ֮أûʲôյģΨһյĶƺҲֻаϫˣΨһԲĶƺҲֻаϫˡ
ӻмűյýڵͷʱɫڵĿ¡
ΪԼĵȻǷˣϫվȥˣ
˵еͷ֮ǰ˵ʲôˣôǲ˵ģƫƫţأôģԼһ˰ˣҪôȥСûļǽͣͲܸ֮ǰͲӦðȥͥ͵ʲôº˰ɣ˰ɣôһӶùˣ
ֵ˵Żȴޱȵ˸Уһʱ䣬Ͱϫ֮ǰ־Ǹͷ۾Ǻ
ιڱ˿Щصɣһûأ𣿡
ʱϫԲԶ
ʱ±ǼΪ㵵̧ͷŵعͷȥʱ˲ǿ˲˼һĻ
ֻ֮ǰʧĻ棬ǺƾճԼ󣬲ҴʱĻѱһּΪĻ棬ǵػҽǳ಻𣬶һӵŸǿĻ棬ղŵȻǴзģ
ͷ˿бյֻʣ°ŵĽͷ̧ͷ˿ǰǹԼƸڰеĻ棬Щŭˣ
һѾеİͷǻ˹ȥ漴Բۣôôû˷Ӹ飡
ǰͷ˲䣬ǻһӱţǻһֻһѱ㽫ǰͷץġ
Уô˵Ҳ֮ǰ壬ͲСһ𣿡
˵⻰ʱ򣬰ϫѾȫıΣɫȴǸѿ
Ϊ˿̵İϫȻŵģ
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һ䣬ǴɨƿռһԼõ·˰ϫ
ͷһϫŷԼ˿̾ȻȫģһЦǼϵ·
ȵϫ·֮󣬸ͷʵôĵô°ղŲ𣿡
˵ţָָϫеǰͷ
ϫǹ壬ȻԻߣȻʵģȻһԿٵĻظǺԣʵ̫һ˰ɣ
ȫ壬ѾǱյֻʣ°ͷˣѾĲ˰ɣ
ȻⲻҪģҪǣһȻѾǲҪˣ⵽ôأͥĻǾҲûı°ɣ
⻰ϫ漴һЦȻҳɹˣҳɹں˵ػҽгӵеκһֻ涼Ҫǿ󣡡
ҵȻ֪û˵ҪûɹĻǾǰͷˣʵ㵽ôɹģ
ʵҲûʲôˣϫһ߰ǰԼͷһ˵ȱػҽָ֮ٱȻָȻָѰǱֻںϵĻҵǲˣڣһǳɹˣ
˵⻰ϫкǳһּĻ棬ǻĺ濾£еǰͷ˲ǱյֻʣһѷĩˣһʲôҲû£·֮ǰδֹһ㡣
Ȼϫ⻰˵ɣڸ֮ǰ϶ܵԼʹ࣬ڿƺҲֵõģϾµİϫѾӵ˳޷
ӵбҪǿĻ棬ҿĿԼҲĻ湹ɵģİϫȻǿЩ˼ĵز
ڸԼʦɨ԰ϫʱǶЩˣϾɵģϫĻ滹ں˵ػҽгˣ
ӵǿرûг׵֮ǰȻǲðϫ˼߶ˣϾҪǳʲôµĻô൱ˣ
ðգ
ţ±Ƕ԰ϫ˵ˣղҲͲ׷ˣĴӦһ飡
ʲô˵ɣ
ϫһŪеĻһͷҲ̧˵ȻǶԼӵеԡ
ҲȷڵǷȫƿӵеһʱ䣬ҲҪȥˣúõӦһ°ɣ﷽ԲﶼûһˣʧҲõĻ˵ˣô

⻰ϫ漴ǼΪм˵ЩСˣҿСŵػҽˣƻֵģôܡ
˵𲻴Ӧɣ
Ȱϫѻ˵꣬Ǵϵ
һЦϫͷҴӦ㣡
ϫӵе֮ǰĵػҽǲһҪ˵Ļôµİϫӵ˱֮ǰǿǧ򱶵
ðϫһֺǿĸоô˿̵ԼͥЩҲǲһ˿ľˣ
Ȼӵǿһֵø˵飬ϫȴҲûͷԣʵϼǸǸ飬ԼҲҪһʱģ֮Ի˵ղŵЩ޷ҲֻΪ˻һնѡ
ǿƿصģµԼȻͻȻӵ˱֮ǰǿ򱶵µȫ־άԼģЩȻԼ²ά״̬̫ãһ滯ĻԼֻʲô޷Ƶˣ
һƺûбȸΪʵĵطˣϤȫƿԼµ
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Ŀǰѧ÷ӦԼ߷϶һ׵ˣȥ˵ĻûʲôģǵԼȥ̸һ̸ˣ
˵ˣǰ飬ѾŮˣƾ㣬ͱ뵲ڷƵǰ棡
ţ򵥵ʰһ£漴˷Ƽҡ
˷Ƽҵʱ򣬸ɸϷƼҳøЩ죬ΪѾϰ˵ˣ֮ǰľƼһ㶼ҳԷģôģЩˣ
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һʱ䣬ϴЩļţֺ뵽ʲô⣬ȻæǰеǹһСУлֵܣһֱ㲻İɣεͰ翸˰ɣģ
⻰СܶʱǱŵòᣬǳǹһ㹻Ϻüˣټһɱˣﰡ˭Ը⿸
ţæǺһȻеǹӵ˵ϣһŵĿϴϡϴɱﰡҡϱûȢأҼҿǾŴҪûˣҼҿɾ;˰ұ˰ɣ
˵Ż±ָˡ
ţϴĿҲǸ˹ȥ
ۼˣʣµļ˵ҲһҪֻһͨǵҲûʲô޷Ǿǽȥϼ죬¿ɱ˰
һǳǹɱˣģҪǹеİ
˭ɵӣ˸ҿ
ţʣµĸȻҲηηĲҺϴˡ
ûõĶϴŭǮƵʱôһӳֵܵģˣһľȻôҪʲôðˣ
˵⻰ϴǽϵǹȻ׼Сܡ
һʱ䣬ЩСܲ㶼Ҫˡ
ءɱɱ˷֣
ʱԶĵطǴһҭҭģһˡ
ϴڼĵ״̬ʱ±ǽеǹת˸ָ֮ǰǸŮ
ֻʱ˿̣Ůű֮ʬ·ϣ˫ȶ֮ϵѪҺʪˣԼȴȻδ
ӣϴĿ㺦ģһжΪ㣬Ҫ㲻ĻôǹóҪǲǹóĻôɱˣ㺦ģ㣡
֪ܸģĪɣ֪ģΪˣд֪ΪҲһôҲϣ
Զĺ޳Ϊŭ˵
⻰޳֪ԼλֵǶˣֻȰ˱ˣһȻ๼ҲóȻĶ֣ҲģһȻ϶Ҳǻˣ³Ǳǵʮ˲еĶҪң
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Ǳ֮ɱˣǶᱻеĺɫɱգһɢ³Ѿôˣǳ׵ʧˣ
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ӣɱһҲɱɱҲɱȻôȥôӾͳȫɣ
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ȻѾǲصˣصѺɫĹŽʲôӹģҪʲô飡
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ʱӦһλʮֿǷ˵ǰҴӦ˼ʱһնɱˣǸ֮
һֱԭеķ˲࣬ÿһǸ֮ˣӦǶԵλǰİɣ
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ţ޳±ǿһ˵˵ĵڶ飬СȻǿ԰ģұ֤һܸã˵ĵһ飬Сȴǰ첻ˣ
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ţһ˫ֱ쵽˸ǰģһ󻶿Ц


745 ַӽϰٸֵܿ
ļûȥű֮ˣǽɸ֮ǰԼСԺеֻӥԼǻصƽС
ϾѾٴڽָռˣΪ˷Ƶİȫ룬ֻȴˣȻԶĹ۲֮߱һһ
Ȼٴεõ֮ϢʱȴЩԾΪʱ˿̣֮ȻѾƽоˣ
ڸԣɵ治һϢ
Ϊ֪֮ΪʲôƽеģΪ˱ɣΪԼ߷ƵݣֻֻǴ·ѣ
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֮Ǻ֮ǰһûʲô̫ı仯һڳ棬϶֪鲢濴ôˣΪʱʮҵҽɵʬ壬ʣЩʬȻҲǳڱ֮֮ˣ
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ع֮ϰ漴һɷвСӣͳ棬ô¸ʲô̳ܲİϿǮңȻҷַӽϼٸֵܿ㣡
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ƽĶۣñ֮ȻûȥģϾɱĻǻǱ֮
ҪУһӦûû֮ǰĹ㣬ĸʱӦһңϾͻֳˣǱҪ

˵һ룬ֻԶİϫӺ͵һ𣬽ţһѺɫĹŽؿڴ˹
Ϊɱ𣿡֮Цڰϫ˵׳գҹɱģ


749 㷨ޱߣȫ
ϫ
ǰͻȻֵһĻʱ̲סһĹһ˱֮ȻֱӱŤ˱֮Ĳӣ
ţ֮˲ĵڵˡ
ǰѲڱ֮ĿڴĺɫŽæŵ㣬ҵðѽγȻĻǻᱻյģ
˿̵İϫѾпˣֻ˵ͷʾϽж
һ˺ɫŽĽһ飬ɫĹŽʱǱ˳
ֽɫĹŽһߣæǷŰϫʵôû°ɣ
ϫɫЩ԰׵˵Ҫ֮ǰĻҿ϶ˣµҲûʵ壬Ӧ˵ˣ
˾ͺãţϽǻָһ˿ڰɣͽˣ
һ˵ţһߴɨƿռһƿȪˮݸϫűҪѰϫսռˡ
ϫɫһߣæУʱô뿪أ
ˣŭǳǿʱ𣿱֮еǰѹŽǷûʵ壬ɵ˺ҲϾͿԻָģڵͲܰﵽңпܳΪҵ׸ҪҵĻ͸Ͻָɣ
⻰ϫһʱҲǲ֪˵Щʲôˣ֮ǰˣΪں˳֮Լ޵ˣû뵽ȴ˸ͷ
㱣أһ
Ÿ˵仰֮󣬰ϫǽ˸ռ䡣
ţʱԶĵطǴһ춯ű֮Ӱǳ˸Ұ֮С
ʧˣʧˣ֮ǰΪ֮ҪҲҪһӵʱģڿƺղŰϫɱ֮֮󣬱ֻ֮ʮӲʱ͸ˣ
ʼջǲ˽ǰˣ
ŽԼʬ壬֮һЦĶŸ˵֮ǰҶ뷨ֻһ²ѣڣҼǿȷˣͲһɣҲеһԱ
鵽һȥҲûʲôˣԸҲͲˡ
ţǿ˵⻰ֻ˵һ룬ȷʵһɣһּеģͬģҲһɣҵݣɱҪˣ
⻰֮ʱҲ˼ֵȤΪȻѾԼΪɵݣڸȻûв˿ɵϢ֮ǰϢҲģôôأ
ǽţҡҡͷΪЩԶҪģΨһҪľҪɱǰˣ
ţ֮кǵһɱ⣬һ͵һߺȵҹ㵽˭ɱ˾ˣ
б԰
һŭ𣬸Ҳ֮ȥ
ţ˱˲ƴɱһ
֮ǰһɱ֮˵һôѵ飬һĹѾٴɱ֮ˣ
ԣûκεôұ֮ʱҲǿ쵽˷˼ĵزոһͻȻֳ
˷֮󣬾ҲЩԲˣһĹǽɨٻ˳׼ɨƵֵ֮һԼһɱ֮İ취
ţסˣΪֻһֱʮɨƴ˿̾ȻǲĿˡ
ʱ˿̣ɨƾڸǰƾôŬȴʼջ޷ٿ⻹ǰδе鰡
֮䣬ʮ֮ǰ˵ĻǸ˸Ժ֮С
֮һĴڣеķȫЧġ
Ч⵽ʲô趨Ҫ趨ȻֻɵģǰһҲȥˣ
һʱ䣬ΪʲôͨǲǱ֮Ķˣ
㷨ޱߣȫߣҺΣ
ǲٵ
һ䣬æǽɨƸΪʱ˿̣֮¸ˣеĺɫŽ˹
һȪˮ¶ǣֻǳȥ
ûã·ϺǶ˱֮ʬ壬˵ҲиʮˣЩʬУбġҲбͷġвٱһģʮֵĲң
ɱ˱֮ʮΣҲǹ˲ʣҵǱɫŽ˵ĵطȪˮҲǲָ̻ģܵǣЩ˿ƺֻǳϵģҲܵ˴ˣ
ʱ򣬸ΪʲôʮĴڶԸұ֮鷳ˣһʵ̫ҪˣɱǧΣʼջǿѪ״̬ĸΪܸһ˿һ˺
ֻҪһλ˵㣬ôпܱ⵽ô
ٴɱ֮֮󣬸ѾЩˣҲˣղһ񣬱֮ý̵Соõƺ˵ˣ
ű֮ʱ䣬±ǽϵȻ򵥵İһϵ˿ڣЩʱ򣬱֮ǳˣ
ʱı֮ȴû̷һ˼Ĵ˸
ڿʲôôˣ
һߴŴһʵ
֮֮ǰЩսʱǲûãǻʹԭսҶȫߵģ㡭ΪʲôֱȻʹһأΪʲô㲻ʹԭأ
ϻΪҲ𣿡ŭΪôĸͲᰡ
⻰֮кֳһȵɫǵ˵ͷ˶ˣΪ㲻ʹɵŵ޷֣ͥЩ֮ˣŻᱻίγΪͥɣ
ķϻ࣬⵽׻Ǵ򲻴ˣ
Ҳ֪ΪΣ֮һȻԼǰ飬кһ֮
ۼˣ֮ЦðɣȻôĻôҾͳȫɣ
˵⻰ǻеĺɫŽ˹
Ҫʦ
ͻȻʱ׼ٴӭս֮ʱ򣬲ԶкǴһŭŭģ
һʱ䣬ɫ͵һ䣡
ҹôˣ
һĹһӰǴõ˸ǰǰҹֻ˭
ҹôˣϽ뿪ﲻԴĵطҲԶԸĴڣʦ㣬Ͻ뿪
Ϊ˵ǽΪ֪԰ҹı£ԲǱ֮Ķ֣ʱһ۰ҹ֮ɱĻôѰˣ
Ͼ˵ʵڵģʮϲͽܵģ
ʱ򣬰ҹȴȫҲûһ˿һ˼һеǹͷҲص˵ʦ㻹ǸϽ뿪ɣͽˣ
˵⻰ҲܸǷͬ⣬ֱӱ֮˹ȥ
ڰҹĵ֮ҲǳһϾû뵽Ȼһλ̫ӳ
оȣֵʱȻҲ˼棬һ߽һҹʵΪ̫ӣõͥΪҪһɣ
ɵ飬ҹǺ֪ģ⻰ĶȻҲЩĪˣҲֻ֮ɱвϵ֮ɱ˹ȥ
ۼˣ֮ţеʽҲǱ׺
ҹΪ壬ȻҲޱȵǿ󣬴ȻҲŲٵƣʱһǹᴩ˱֮塣
һӣҹֱӱǽ֮ʬ˦һߣ˹
ʱ򣬸ȴǲ˿Ĵ⣬Ϊ֪֮϶Ҫˡ
ţæѵҹҪ⣬ǸһӦûû
˵͵ؿ԰ҹͷϷһڵ޷ݵĺڹ鼱֮£æǴȵСģ
ʱȴѾЩˡ
ɫĹŽһӱǹᴩ˰ҹ壬ҹ˫ϥһֱӱǹڵأһŵĿؿڴıһ˹
һĹ򣬹ᴩ˰ҹǰѺɫŽǱ˸˳ȥҹӺһ󶶶
͵һʹҲ˲Լϵˣֱӱһ˰ҹߣȻֱǰսռУðϫչ
ţһߺ޵ĿŲԶı֮
˸еĺ⣬֮ȴֻЦЦ˵˵ɱˡɱɱˣ
˵Ҫɱ㣡
һŭ𣬸ٴ֮˹ȥΪ˵ԵʣεٶȴǱ֮ǰ˺öࡣ
ˣ
򵥵Ľ֮󣬱֮˵һĹ򣬸Ŀڴһʹͷʱ򣬸˲ǿǰѺɫĹŽȻǲԼĿڴģһ޷ľʹ
վҪ
һʱ䣬·Χʱ䶼ֹͣˣ


750 ּ׹֮
֮úɫŽ̴ŵһ˲䣬ǲϵʧһĸоӿͷ
ԭҲǻ
һĹ򣬸ϵǱüΪΪҲ֪ô£ǰƬռ͵˿ȻһϤе־ĳǳǰ
ס׹֮أ
Ȼ֮ǰĲ²ǶԵģÿԼʱ򣬰׹֮ؾͻֲҽɽȥֵʱ
ʱ̣Ѿ޷ٽκεķˣǽһĹǿǰı֮ţǺ¶һ˿Ц⡣
֮Уû˿ɱ֮һأ
ţ漴žʹȻһѱס˱֮ӡ
֮һ㶣ű˵ûõģȰ㻹ǲҪˣѾǻˣ
֪
̧ͷ֮ȴǳ˼Ϊȵɫ
㣬϶Ҳǻˣ
˵⻰±þȫű֮Զ鿪˵ͨ˹ȥ
Ȼ׸ҪʲôⷬͻȻľٶҲñ֮һҪʱȴҲѲˣ
ţ˵˫˫˵ϣ֮ǰ鿪ƬͨҲʧˡ
ٴλعʱȻǳ˰׹֮صİ֮Уڿٵ½ţһ˲Ĺ򣬸ϵʹȻҲʧӰˣȻϵ˿ڻڣĿϻű֮ǰѺɫŽǸоκεʹࡣ
Ȼʼջ벻׹֮ذ
ڸ֮˿ȴޱȵˣϾû뵽Ȼı£еǣڽһɲǣȻǿʼֽ
⡭⵽ô£
䣡
һĹ˺ֵˤ˵ϣһƬ׹ǡ
һˤڱ֮Եܵ˲ٵ˺Ƕڸ˵ȴǺôģΪ֮󣬷ϵκﶼԶֹģµѾʧȥʹˣ
ǵű֮浱ǰѲԼĿڴĺɫŽ˳ţǽµĶ׼˱֮Ŀڡ
ӭҵĵ̣
˵⻰±ȥ
һƺߣ֮˲ȥˡ
ţǿ֮ۿɼٶȿٷֽš
ȻԼ֮⣬ĻﶼǱֽģ
⡭⵽ô£ΪΪʲôҲᱻΪʲô⵽Ϊʲô
ʱ֮ʱ˿̣ȴǳ˲˼顣
ͷһ˲ǿ֮ͻȻǻĳԼǰʱȴЦΪ֮ȻҲı
ĴǱԼҪصĶˣȻµԼˣڰ׹֮ƬĿռУԶܲһ˿һʹģǱ֮أȻӵвȴǻ᲻ϵıֽ⣬ճһ߰׹ǣ
νȴǱԶʹ࣡
뵽Ҳȥɱ֮ˣȻҲ֮ڳ׵ɱѾ˾ĵ̣ҲǳˣֻҪһ֣ô˶ˣ
˭ںأ
ۿŸոոǿٵķֽ֮üͷ±ĸЩȻηҲ˿ǴӸղŵƺѾǱԶ׵ʧȥ˺ϵ
һĻǿɾЩˣ
첽ߣ֮±һصʵ⵽ô£ʲôطΪʲô֮ᷢı仯ΪʲôһҲûУ
֮Ҳ˵ϵƬƬ׹ǾֱȻʵûʲôø˵ģҪɱҵĻͶְɣϾҪˣһˣҶǳԶȥ
⻰֮һ㶣źЦһȻֵôµ㻹Ϊɱҵ𣿡
˵ûУȷʵûпԳɱ㿴ڻԭǸ𣿹ҪˣҲͲˣ֮ʱĵطеľ˿ҲӦǲǵĴڣ֮֮ɱκεɺɣɱ𣿻˵ɱ𣿡
ʮֿ˵ʱҲû˿Ĺ˼ˡ
Ȼ⻰֮˲ǳһ󲻿˼ɫҾڴ˿̣ѾֽĿҪֻʣ¹ͷˡ
û˿ԥ֮±еĺɫŽĨԼĲӡ
˲ǵ˵ϡ
Ҹ㣬ҿɱ˾أ
ţ֮
⻰΢΢һǸæ̧ͷ˲Զı֮
˵ʲô
ΪԼˡ
˵ҿɱ죡ֵ֮гޱȵţ
ôɱ
ʱѾ˼ű֮ĻˣϾɲһῪЦˡ
Ȼ֮⻰кǳһ˿ɫƬ֮ǿ˵֣㲻еһԱ𣿰˵ӦҪģΪʲôҾƺҸɱأ
ֻΪ˻ȥѣǾѾΪ˾ʳҲǻᱻԵģҪҺ;֮ѡһȥĻô컹ȥɣ
Ǻǣ
εЦЦָ֮ΧĳԸ˵ɱ˾죬طʲôأǻ𣿡
⻰˳Ĭ֮Уƺ˼ʲô飬ڴڼ䣬֮ǲ౻ֽˣƺǾʵ̫ѿЩ֮Ĩ˲ӣţˡ
ʱƺʲôʮҪľǿ֮֮һף
ף
ҪǰĻ֮ǲῼǵģһֱһ鷳ˣϲľǸָĽס
µƺֵˣϾʱһף϶ҲԼʱ
ţ֮ǿڵ˵
΢һԣǿ֮ľݣѾǴ֪ˣͬʱҲ֪ɶԣʵɱеľ죡ҵ׺ܼ򵥣ǾҰɱ죬Ȼ뿪ص磬Ϊ꣬Ժ׷ɱһߵκˣҪԱҵʵݣΣ
˸ף֮˳Ĭ֮С
Ƭ֮ǿҺܺ棬˵ĶĵĻΪʲôԼ뿪أǷҪʲôף
ܼ򵥣뿪ҪϴʱҾǽž뿪ģһЩ飬ʧȥЩֻ֮ܶҪɱ죬ôҾͿԴǻص磡
ȻҲԼһȥɱ죬ұҪһ䣬ط֮ǰһεģҶطʮֵ˽⣬ҿ԰ﵽ㣬ȻҪǣҲɱ֮ɣڸңףӦ𣿡
˵ţ֮˹ȥ
˵ûڱ֮ԣɱһȷʵǱҪĶˣʱ˼ĿģһΪ˼ɣΪ˲ҵйоټ
֪Ƭ׹֮ؾǾĲ֮׷ŹĵأףӦˣ
ţ֮һЦȻҴӦ㣡ֻҪĿ԰ɱ첢Ҵ뿪ôҽԶıܣһ뿪ĳУԶ׷ɱߵˣҪһұҪ˵ףǾֻӦŹ㻹ˣɣһǻɱģ
ԣͷҲӦ˵飡
ţ֣׼ͱ֮Ժˡ
Ȼʱ˿̣ȻޱȵļǺޱ֮Ǻ֮ǰ˰ϫͰҹ飬µȷʵҲֻǺͱ֮ˣ
Ϊֻͱ֣֮Żлȥϣ
˵ˣɱ죬ֻǱ֮ϣ飬ޱȵĿΪֻҪһʮ֮ǰļƻ϶ҲֻˣһĻƶʮҲʧȥԭãҲͿԻˣ
ڸԣǰһģ
Ȼ̫׸µľٶʲô˼֮ѧ֣ţֺֻһ
ϣǿԳɹɣ
֮
һģΪҴûʧܹǰûУûУԺҲã
֮Ȼ˵
֮ǰ໥ƴɱҪöԷصȻǺͺˣ


751 ֮Ĺ
׹֮ʮı޽ĵطҪĿıΪ˸죬˵֮ǰѾһˣҲʮطĽܣ˵ʵط˽ʼջǼΪ޵ģ
ͱ֮ǰѾͭײĵľΪʲôֻײȫҲ֪ˡ
˾ǾͭײĵĵطԶټϰ׹֮ضκεѹ֮Ҳֻһ·жȥˣˣϾ׹֮ظܶκεӰ죬һжȫֹģȲе˿ʹҲе˿ļۡ
Ǹںı֮ɾͲһˣ׹֮ÿʱÿÿÿ붼ڷֽ壬м֮һ壬ӳֵȫֻֽҪʮӵʱ䣬ӵʱ򣬱֮޷֧ȥˣÿʱ򣬱ֻ֮ὫеǰѺɫŽȻض
տʼʱ򣬸ﻹЩĲ̣ûҲǱЩľٿ֮ɱʱҲûʲôĸоˣ
ڰ׹֮أȻʱƺȻתţʵˣ׹֮غ֮ͬǰһ׹֮صʱ˴Լʱ䣬ȳȥ֮ŷ֣ԭʵвҲǹһСʱѡ
׹֮еʱ䲢ȫֹģ磬׹֮еʱȴ˷˼ĵز
ڣ
һ죬űڵص֪϶Ǳ֮ɱˣޱš
ʱһŲ𣬽ű֮׷
ЩҪ㣡
ʱ֮ǿˡ
ʰɣ
ʮĬȻ˵ȫҲ᲻κεȤ
ʱ䣬ᷢôı仯֮ǰһֱʮС£˼ҵκ֮ǰõʱѾ˼һʬ壬֮սʱһصʬ壬ûпǹ鱻˼ķǷ֣ôĺ
֮һĿʵ
⻰ΪεĿһǰڲϷֽı֮֮˵Уôʱ㻹أ¶ǶԣҪǸɵȻȥ黹ǵȳȥ֮˵ɣ
˵ˣʱǺȫͬģȻǻѾ˼ʱˣУҲǹ˼Ӷѣ˵ȫֹˣʲôµģҪǵǻǸϽ·ɣȸɵ˾죬ȥʲôҶ㣡
˸Ľ֮ͣкǷţĿĿڴ˹ȥһɲ˿ڶʱӳ
ɫŽᴩ˸Ŀڴп˵࣬Ȼطܲ˿ʹҲһ뿪Ļʼջǻģ
˵˿δͽ֮ǰµģʱ֮ҲͻȻһ޷ĸо
Ƭ֮ǿ˵ûһȥĻпܻģҵĽֹ˵ĻǶ˵ˣȻܲκεʹ࣬һصʵ֮У㡭
Ͳˣ
ȱ֮ѻ˵꣬ǿڴϵȻȷʵҲǲɱң²û𣿵ǳȥ֮Ҿȥͥҵʦʦͨ죬Ȼа취ҵģ
ʦ
֮ú棬漴Ǹæʵʦ˭
˭Ȼ֮һ鱦ˣ
ЦЦ˵гޱȵš
Ȼ⻰ʱ򣬱֮ȴǺһ󲻿˼ɫһĹǽеĺɫŽȻ⵹ԵˣҵѺڽ𽣾鱦˼͵ģ
Բۣ
⻰Ѫ˵֮ǰѾǲµ˱֮пܸͥЩʲôĹϵû뵽֮еѺɫŽȻ鱦͵ģ
ģñ͵ıɱ˵ͽܣ㵹ҲĹİ
ţ֮Щ
Ȼ˿̵ı֮ƺҲʲô飬̾˿ȻеĺڽĨ˲ӡ
ʹʱֵˡ
ŲԶĵط֮ӰٴγˣʱȴһĪı
֮ǰҴʬӦþɣΪŻ֪ҵݣҵʬȥͥ𣿡
ûɵģ֮ôһ䡣
ȻЩ棬ǵͷû֮ǰҴʬľˣʬѾҴͥ˶۾У
⻰֮ǶŸ΢΢һݣƺллøһʱЩɻۿű֮ƺҪ˵ЩʲôҲͺ֪Ȥıͣһ·ôģ֮Ĺˡ

һ̾Ϣ֮ڽԼĹ¡
̫ʱڣҵĸ׾еλ۾ȻǸʱ֡
ɣɣҵһӦǺЩһģ޾
ǡһжڷ֮սʱ˱仯
֮ս֮ҵĸ׽ӵָɵһ񣬶ҲǿԲµģҲͲ˵ˡ
һӵĻλˣҵĸȴȫȻҵĸܣӦҸͲԸȥ飡
Ȼܵ۵ټ۸ҵĵһô
Ϊ˱֤ɣ۴
鱦Һڽ𽣣նɱ
̫ϵҲմ˼˼衣
ԭʼһ򷨲֡
˼䣬ʼֹɱ֮á
ŲţʵĺˣʱϣԼԱǳ׵ɱΪҾͿԳ׵Ľˣǡʼջǻŵģ
ҺҵĸףһУ˼ʱһ֮ζŵ뿪ͥʱ򣬾ԶĲٻȥˣ
˵ˣʼģԺҲȥңҵһ壬壬ΨһҲһθĶˣ
ӴԺֻǱ֮
ò˵˱֮֮󣬸ЩزˣΪ֮ͷǱԼĻҪĶˣ
ȻǶ۾Ķӣ
Ȼ֮ǰҲ۾ܺͱ֮ʲôĹϵȴû뵽ǾȻǸӹϵ
ȻˣҪĻںأ
֮˼䣬ȻʧȥݣӦģȴǵõ񶼲ӵеЩͥۺһģ
һͷʵ̫˵ɣֲ֮ǰȻҶԺڰ޳˵Ļڿȷʵʱġ
뵽һЦȻ˵ô˵ĻЩϵˣ۾ҶԣʵҲʦˣȻûйʽİʦ֮񣬲ĿǰѧĹģ˽ҲǺʦֵƵģϸ˵ĻʵҲʦֵˡ
˵ͻȻЩ˵ȥˣΪڲ֮ǰʱɱ˱֮ʮΣұ֮Ҳһᴩؿڣľ˵еΰɣ
ţ׼˵Щʲôǰʱͷ͵һһʱ䣬һɱĸоӿͷ
Ȼڰ׹֮صʱ޷ռɨƵģⲢ͸ܲռˣڸոһ̵ʱ򣬸ȻԼռȻǱ˸ǿд˿
⡭ôأ
ͬʱʵУʮüͷǰʬ壬ʬ壬һǸģһߣȻڱ֮ˣ
ò˵ʮ֮ǰȷʵǶԸ˺ܴģһΪΪǵľǣڿȴʧˡ
ȻôڵƬӦҲҪϱˣΪǵİȫֻǿеڸϴһͨȻԼĿռʱһԱеǻصһС
ȻҪĶȻҲǲˣ
һĹʮһ̽ǰĿռ˿һӱ˸ɨƿռУöָ֮ǽ˳
Ȼ֪һеô£µҪĶѾȫõˣ֮ǰļƻҲǿʵʩˣ
׹֮У˲ҲǲЩ飬һʱ䣬ɫǸѿ
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˵һʼʱ֪ʮ϶ǻģôҲû뵽Ȼʱ
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һڸԣڰһ죡е飬ƫƫΪ
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ǰͭףһпϾû뵽ԼȻٴ
ţһԵı֮˹ȥ֮ǰ;սһĻȻĿǿ綫̫һǰĴڶ޷սʤ죬֮ɱ
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žʱԶĵطһֵ춯ͷһʱΪ
ֻʱ˿̣֮ȻڲԶǾͭײţĿ꣬ʱڴͭײгľ죡

޺޵һ䣬ܿˣʱҲˣ֮ǴһȥɵˣȻøЩ̫ϸһƺҲûбõİ취ˣϾԼֻһͨҲͨͨˣæҲǰﲻκæġ
ҪΪȥæɵĻôɾеòʧˣ
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ʱۿǰ治ԶĵطһΪ޴İ׹ǣҲ֪ʲô޻߹ĹͷæһӶ˾޴İ׹֮ȻСĹ۲ľ
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ʱ򣬸ͻȻЩ֮ǰӾܳǿˣΪô˵ǿӿԴǿȫӰ׹֮صĽ֮
ò˵ҲûʲôˣϾǿ֮ǰѾǱԼ
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һʱ䣬Ǳһǰģʱ˲ǱÿϲΪⶫǱģȻղǿӣ
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ڴʱѾû֮ǰķ壬Ϊʱ˿̣Ҫľ
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ҪģҲʲôںϣֻ볹׵ĸɵǰ߾ʬ
֮䣬ֻһ˻ţѾǵһĵزˣûһ˿һɽ
֣ԶǿСӺƶ˹еӣǺ¶һ˿Цݡ
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ţһ˿ԥֱӱǰԼĿڴĵط˹ȥ
֮ǰӽʱĿܣ˿̵ȴޱȵķɣΪ˿̵Ѿû˿Ҫܵԭˣ
ƺǲ˲Զ춯쵱Ҳ̲סͷХһʱ䣬׹֮һ
弫ΪӴɣ̧ͶһֻذĸоĴڣκ˶Ǳ֮ģʱ˿̣ȴƫƫһڿٵھϱţ
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ڴڼΪ˱֤ԼԴѵ״̬ѾɱҸٴˣ
죬ζǱģ


753 һ
ҵʱ֮ҲǺķ֣ƺûзԼĴڣ߸ȷе˵ƺȫԼĴڣĿ꣬ƺһֱڸϵģ
ЩȣϾ֮ǰóʱķӦǼΪǿҵģôһĹȻǺںˣ
ȻȣĶȴû˿ķĿֱָͷȥ
ͬʱڲԶ׹֮ĸҲǷǰδеı仯
;ıԴ֮ں֮ʱǽһ磬ǸУ˲ǾһΪ
˵ЩУΪǸеԼ࣬죡
س콵ǸͷƳһģһΪӵŮһͨʯ֮£ǰоʯ˵ʲô
εľᣬȴƫƫ޿κΡ
ɾƿصǶôķٺͲʢ
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һ˲Ĺ򣬸·Ǿǧ֮ãٴ۾ʱǱüΪ
һ̣е鶼ˣ
ͬʱҲ֪ΪʲôʬôԼˡ
һΪĴڣ˵һûеĶӵ˼
ԣǼòΪ΢ΪµģΪΪ죬κ飬֪κδ֪֪һУ
ҲΪ˵ȫȫ֪ڿҪʱ޷Ӧĸı䣬Ǿ첻һǻ˼ģ֮ʱûӡ׹֮صʱ˼һԼİ취
Ϊݺ壬ԼԼΪҪȻ䵽˼䣬ڴ֮ٴθʬٱ׹֮ʱѾһʬˣ
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ҪԵԼںϣں֮ĵ׻һĴڣȴû֪ˣΨһԿ϶ľǣǸʱԼ϶ǳ׵ʧˣ
ͬĵȻõ˾ıԴ֮û壬ʼҲ޷ȫҲ˵ͬҪںǰ߾壬Ȼں֮ǰҪȸɵвдʶ»ٵǰ߾ҲϧӵкǿģǱ˺˶飡
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ֻһۣ˲סˣΪʱ˿̣ȻǷڰеģ¾ȻӿһɼΪµȻǺµ߾ʬɢһģһ
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ʱ֮ڸʵͻȻʶʵݲûԼô򵥣Բֻһ˻ͥɣֻһɣ
Ȳ˵ˣֻ֮ܶҪ֪һߵľͿˣֻ֪֮ǰǸ׻𣿡

ԣڸش𣬱֮ʮֲģǵµ飬Ҳֻǻص˵һ֮ǰĽףȻģ
⻰һЦȻȻĻôǾͿɰɣ
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⻰֮˲һűǸæصвУڻʱұҪԴϲУҡ
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пٵķţ֮Ȼû˿ĵֿ֮һֻӥץ˵Сһһĸо
˼ˣǵһαԴԼƫƫȴ޿κΣ
Сģ
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ԴӸͻȻڱ֮ߴű֮еʱ򣬾ҲȻ飬ţǺ˹
ڸԣ칥ٶʵ̫ˣıܿеĹʱǴű֮˾ԴϷ
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ȵȡ
ʱ֮͵һΪͻȻ뵽굽ȥΪʲô֪飿
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Ƿˡɡɣеľ죡
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ٴʱ򣬱֮Ǳ
ʱ˿̣ȴûʲôʱȥ۲֮ˣΪ£ѾǱˣ


754 
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ȥҲǰ취ϾεĿĿǳ׵ĸɵ죬ĻʲôأҾǸǲе۵ģȥĻֻ˷ʱѣ
ţкһݣűתԶ˹ȥھ֮ңĵطͣȻսȭͷǰľ졣
ֻӵоıԴ֮Ϊ죬ȴҲǼΪµģ׻µʲô̶أ
ͻȻһԣ
ţû˿ԥǺһڵһľȭ˹ȥҪ֪Լһȭж
ԶĲ˸ĵʱǻӶž޴צ˹ʱ򣬸ȴǲˣ
Ӷ㣡
һֻƣԼʮƽСǧ׺һǵһհĳʱ򣬸ܵôأ
һĹ򣬸Ӻû˾֮УûãǴӾеһ˳Ȼݺݵ˾֮ϡ
һʱ䣬κ͵һ𣬽űǲĺ˼Ȼ˰׹֮У
ھӴԣĴڼֱͺһһСֻССϣȴǺǰֻȻ
ۿžȻǱԼһӸſ˵ϣ漴ҲЩ˼ΪҪ֪֮ǰĶ̫һҲûſѵ˵ԼʱѾ˶̫һһˣ
δںϾ֮ǰֻһССķߣȻûΪȴǲֻнڵΪˣأ
ں˾ıԴ֮ΪѾֻõȼͿԴˣһˣҲǿһʥˣһУҲֻһ֮ѣ

䣬ûԷ˻ֹ̬֮ΨһһҲעĲ
ι㵽ٸʲô
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֮ǰΪ˷㽻Ըֱͨ˱֮ʶ˼ǾԶҲǿԽġ
⻰һ㶣ǸæѰ˱֮Ӱʱ汻ҵˣǳű֮˹ȥ
ڵϵʱ򣬸˲ǿ֮ǰԶĵطһѪģĶѶУȻźͱ֮һģһ·
òԼһСֺ˱֮һΡ
εЦЦǽ͵˼ղͻȻ㻹ھԴˣǸǸ
⻰֮ʱһȴƫƫ޿κΡ
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ǰľ죬֮ʵ㻹ղ𣿡
ԣͷӦǼֲ˶õģϾҵڻûȫƿ
ܺãôͿʼɣһԵĽ
֮˵ţ֣֮ϺһŰ͸ӣ֮ǰǿ
ԣ֮ѾǷ֮ǰļƻ׼;쿪ˣ
ӵʱ򣬸кһޱǿļУоĵԶľˡ
һĹ򣬸ͻȻ͵뵽һ飬ǾԼӵĻûпܻɺ;һĴڣ
ıԴ֮죬Ҫټϱ֮е֮أ
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Сģ
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մӰ׹Ƕʱ򣬸˲̲סһ䣬˵ǵùһľȻͱ͵Ϯˣ
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ʱ֮ԲԶ

⻰˲һ˹ȥһĹͷҲ͵һΪ֪ʱ֮еǿ֮ӾȻžǾ޴ͷ˹ȥ
ֲһһҲԭ׼
ʬ޷ںϾıԴ֮ΪıԴ֮о֮ǰʶʶϾʬݣƾŬ޷ɹģǱ֮֮ȴǴһˣ
Ϊ֮е֮ûκε˼άʶģֻһɴޱǿ
ʮǧ궼ʬĵ˾ʬҵʶȻʶ»ʮֵһ׵ں֮ôʣһжˣ
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Уζ鷢
ţ˲ӿһɺ⣬ţ漴ǿ֮ٷ˹ȥ
ȻƺһΪ쵽ɵǿǰʱ򣬾ȴ͵˿һ˲Ĺǿ֮ʱ㱻˾ѪУˣ
ԶĿһĻ֮кӿһĸоţһĹ˵ϡ
ˡǧ׼ȫһɢˣҲûʲô˿赲츴ˡ
ι֮ҽҪһ飬Ҿ϶˵ģ
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ƨʱͲ˵㼪ĻˣԹתھĶǿ֮ھҵУûȥΨһľǡ
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䣡
ţһ죬Ӻը˿ȻһӰǴĶ˳ֱӱͣ˾֮Զĵط
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ɸߵˣ˱֮ǰ
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Ȼ֮ǰӵɺ;һСĴڣΪڵһУûʵģȫεĴڣ
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ˣɾ˵ʱ򣬱֮лǲɵõΪӵһ£һ£ӵ޷գôʲôأ
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ڸϵı֮Ҳûţ˵µⳡսѾǲҪˣҲǰﲻκæģǻ˵ˣôأ
ţ֮漴ҲǸæ˳Ÿļֱ
ȵ;ȭͷײһʱ͵һԾһ˾ϡ
Ŀ겻ǾԴˣǾ࣡
Ȼ֪ûãҲֻһˣ
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һȭཻ±Ǳ˼ľˣڵأʱ˿̣ȴôҲ˲Ϊһ˲䣬ͻȻķ֣ԼھȻ
Ȼں˾ıԴ֮ͱ֮֮Ǻȴûôںϵģ˿̾Ȼڲ΢ı仯ɵñЩ
Ϊı仯ϵȻҲ𽥵ʧҲ˵޷ά̬̫ʱģԼжϣҲʮӰˣ
ʮӰʱǹģ
ıԴ֮ͱ֮֮еǿҪںϣȻһ򵥵ˣû׼ϼ߼ʮʱˣµĸԣĲһϢ
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ϧ֮֮ǰСıУҲû취ٻ֮УȻҪǣ֮лһɳľ޽߸Լɵľ˵ʲôأھǰҲһǩѣʵûʲôá
ڱ֮ĺڽ𽣣һѵõı̫˵㣬òҲûпԱھԣڽ𽣼ֱǱǩˡ
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ͻȻʱ͵뵽ʲôΪȵľ˹ȥһĹЦ
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ӵ˺;һ֮󣬸ǰľѾû˿ľ⣬ټϾĹ·ԣȫںҵĹѣʲôµġ
ھٴʱ򣬸͵ˣŽһת˾Ȼһѱǳס˾ϵ
ǲھϵģôһ쵱ȻҲʧȥжֻǻӶֱۺҵΪǱԸԵʣľҲǶԸû˿в
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һе֣±ĳһУζҪѾԴûԴͲž컹ܻţ
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Ϊеľ죬ӵϵȨȴѡΪһͨķ˼䣬ȥͥɨǣڱֱ֮޷顣
ȻҪģǸĴʵ̫ˣϾ˷˵ݳ˼䣬ǿٵشδй飡
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ѰһǿԶĵطһ֮߱ʬ壬ҲûıǾʬ˹ȥȻֽʬϵ¸ְ䣬סԼΪҪĲλ
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Ҳʲôɣеľ죡
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Һԣڸ˵Щ飬֮ȻҲΪȵģȻ֮ǰҲҪЩɿ˽һЩǵϢƾŬЩȴʼնڣö֮ģҲǷ룬ֱˡ
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ȻʮͿҲʥһΪһУܵ˼ѹƣܷӳҲȫ߰˳ңʮֻһˣҪĻʮǿ϶ȫûİ
ţкǽ˼Ÿô֮ǰʶǸʱͻأģʶһʧӰˣͷ·Ҳûֹһ㣡
ò˵⻹Щְ
ȻоȣǺ²ǾȵʱʮͷǻԼȥأ
ţԽӿٵķʱ㽫е콫ԶԶ˦ˡ
⴦ͥħĽ֮Ȼ汻ŨڵڸǣľȴǺͥɽһ޶ɽˮлвݣʱһɽǰֱʮ˴˿̾ɽˣ


758 ȥүģ
ǰɽһȦȴʼûҵڣԥ֮󣬸Ǿֱ㴩˽ȥ˵ᶯ֮ǰõǵʱ̣ܵôࡣ
ɽ֮󣬸ǰǱûȻ͸֮ǰһڲȻǿĵģһ޴ɽһ㣬֮ܵǽϻһЩķģЩĸ֮ǰҲҵǵʱƺΪ˷ֹ˷ֵġ
Ȼⲻص㣬صɽмĵطһֱԼǧ׵ľ޴󶴿ڣףҲ֪ͨ
Ǽһܣȷûκε֮󣬸ǽĿŵɽеǸ޴Ķڡ
ţû˿ԥ漴Ծȥ
ﶴ֮ǰףǰĳǻȻＸǲóˣֱһ簡
ԶĵطһԼɵͭźȻǳ˸֮Уֻһۣ±ϳ֮ǰᵽͭš
ͭǰ治ԶĵطһƬͷܶĳȻʮǰеɶӦ׼ͭͷžˣ֪ͭڵľѾǱɵأ
һĹ򣬸ǰһΪһ˲䣬Ȼǿ˷ƣ
ʱ˿̵ķȴǱ˸һ޴ʯͷϣҾͰھͭŲԶĵطԶĿ˷ֵģкһŭһʱ䶼֮ǰļƻˣ
ʱҲ֪ͭǰʲôʮǶŷưһݣȻһһɫıʱУɫʮ±ŷ˹ȥ
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ʱ޷ȥˡ
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һȣɽǺ죬Ҳ͵س˹ȥ
һ󱩺ȣ˲˵ע⣬һʱ䣬ǳеĽ㣬Ƶ˷ڳȴޱȵľȣʮͿˡ
ΪҪ֪֮ǰʮȥҸʱ򣬿ǷָѾ֮ɱˣҲǿˣôһĹ򣬸ȻǸأ
ԣʱĸȴȥˣ֮±һѳ˷ϵȻСĵĽƸ
û°ɣ
Żеķƣĵʵ
Ȼ֮ǰޱȵĺ£ۿŸѾԼߣƴʱȴðֻ࣬ص˵ͷȻİɣûµģ
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һûµģȴøеŭʢ
ʱʮͿҲǷӳ˹±ΪȵĿ㡭ûôܣѾ˰
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ĿɨһȦ֮󣬸ǿ񿪿ڵǲ˼ˣûüλʧ˰ɣ
УǴһŭ⡣
Ȼȴû仰еǲ˼ֻЦ˵ǵģں˵ʲôͬΪˣо֮뷨
֮ǰ˱֮ͥйӲдĻţڸİ˼ģڸȻޱȵĸм
Ǻǣ
һЦʮ˹ȥǿڵʮ֪ҪʲôȰ黹Ǿʹ˴סɣǼȥҲ޷õҪĶģʱ򿴵˲ʮ콫ֻٹһҲ͵ˣ
˵⻰ʱ򣬸ƶˣΪ֮ǰļ˵ʮı췣ػػҪֻǱǵ죬˵Ļӣʮı췣ǸʮĵλȻǸˣټղŶڷƵǷٶﻹʲôɫ
֮ǰ㽫Լʵݸʮ뷨ʮ׼ɱƵһɢˣ
һʱ䣬ʮҲǲ˸еŭ⣬ΪҪĹͷȴûʲô˼ȥˣΪ˵ĵĻôҪץʱͷžˣȻҪǱһɷĻôɾˣֻµʱͭڵľĳȥˣ
Уζǲܷģ
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ţ
ʱʮģкڸǰǰѽ
֮ǰǾûκεİ취ԴʮģʮֻҪһСָͷͿԸɵǺԣµĸѾǰǸˣʲôҲʲôͥɺɣ죡
ǰüĿʮȴû˿ֻǵʵʲô
߿ԣ㻳ǸŮ˱£ǿͭŵԿף㲻ܴ뿪
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ǺǣԿף
ЦɫͻȻһ䣬űŭȥүİɣ
˵⻰ǽռ˿Ȼ󽫷ƽռڵˮչˡ
һĻ̫ͻȻڳ˶סˡ
ʮֻҪԼ˵ĻôһǻЭģϾǾػ񣬵λֻھ֮£ʱ̣ȻǳΪɵ䣬˾еɫ϶Ҳǲġ
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ǵֱӾܾһһ䣬ǲˡ飬Ҫ֪ǧ꣬⻹ǵһα˸ˡ
һʱ䣬ʮɫʱǱѿ֮ƺһɱ⡣
ʱʮɫһ䣬ŸͿɫҲǱЩѿΪһ˲ĹǾȻһɼΪǿ߿ţٶֱ֮޷ţ
ȻҪģǴϵϢȻһλʥ˼Ĵڣ
ɾɲʮͿ񲻳ԾˣϾȻҲʥˣһǵȴǱѹסˣֻʹõԭ߳ɣ״̬ҪսʤһʥˣǻΣˣ
ͬʮͿ񣬸ԾĲʥ˵ĵΪ֮ǰѾ֪ͥĴһλʥˣԾǣʱ˿λʥˣȻ֮ǰʶλ
Ҳ˵ͥʥ˾Ȼλ
⻹֪ģ֪˭֪ûأ
ͥȷʵҲˣ
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ΪȻʶ֮ǰۣͥ
¿Щ˰۵ʵȻȲͥ壬ʵͥҲһָģ֮ǰɱ˾Ϳóˣ滹һʥˣ
ȻЩǺʮ֮ǰԷЩ飬ĲϣʮпǱۻһλʥɱ
ò˵ҲЩˡ
۸ճֵʱ˲ǻȭ˳ȥֻһУ˲ȡʮɵʮͿּŭ˱ӭȥ
ҲûţΪ۳ֵʱвٵ콫Ҳ˫һӱǴ
һĻʱ̾˿ܸͥЩ콫֮ǰʮ뿪ڿȴˡ
ʱ̣Ҫ뿪֮ѣ
ȻĿǰѾӵڶʱڱɾһĴڣǺԣʱ̣ʵǲ֣ܳ
ΪһֵĻôͥǻᱻģʱû׼ͥ嶼ҪˣȻҲλʶ鱦
Ȼõȴ֪֮ģԴۣͥλʥˣȴǾ޷ܵģ
µ׸ôأ
һʱ䣬Ϊžʱǲǿһӱ
ꡭ군ˣʲôʲô
Ȼˣһλһģ
ģοҪȫûˣ


759 
Χɣһʥ˸ǿģʥ˸Ҳǿ⣬ľȻ嶼ˣһһλ¸ζⲻˣ
ȻµⲻѾûôҪˣҪǵµ鵽Ҫô
һܣ¶ڸ˵練ˣΪһĻôڳɶȥˣʮͿ
ʮҲĶ֣λһֱ֣ǻذ̼ܰʮǸĻҷˣ
Уζ鷢øϽ֪ͨ뿪У
ţſʮ˹ȥȻǴҪٴˣʥ˲ֹ۶ѣͥ嶼ѾˣҴʱ˿Ѿڸ·ˣٹһҪˣΪ֮ƣǸϽ뿪ɣ
һ⻰¶ʱ͵һϾҲûϵȻͥ嶼ˣ
ս֮ʱʵӹɵģԼһԲܻǵĶ֣⵽׸Ǻأ
һʱ䣬ʮͿǰż
ţǴҪˣٴȥҲû˿ʤģǳڻ뿪Ͻ뿪ɣȻ嵽˵ĻǾҲ߲ˣ
УʮֱӱǾܾͥѾǷǾʹ뿪Ļô죿϶ᱻɱģǲ뿪
Ϊı񣬾Զʮȿǵ飬ǿԼ
һУǴһȭǻصʱﻹ˵ôࣿҾ㲻ߣȵ˾𣿼Ľȳˣһ壬лȥϣ뿪ĻܾΪǰ
˵⻰ƺ뵽ʲô̾˿Լɣʼնǲġ
˿Ļ֮ʮɫԽΪҲ׿˵ȷʵûİɾȳˣҲϱɱԼҲȫ
³˵ĻȻȲ˾ˣȴԾʣµЩǣ
ƺõѡˡ
ţҲö⣬漴ǻصе뿪ɣ
һ㶣أ
Ҳ뿪Ϊػ񣬼ҲҪ;һ߰ɣҪ
ι϶û갡ܹˣֽҪĹͷǾͲܸϿ𣿡
ʱʮͿԺ
⻰ʮеһ֮𣬽űŭСһжΪ㣬ղֹҵĻڿ϶ѾˣֺˣǺڵûһɱ㣡
ʮЩȻҲΪŭģһ뵽µȥ漴˵ˣϻҲ˵ˣ֮ܶҸǣǵľѾͭźˣԾǴͭҲûõģҪĻô͸ɣһǼľ죡
⻰һڣﾪʮͿ˵±̲סһ
ţʮЩ˵СӣĪҪ˵ҵıԽӡģǧһֱػǡ
ӡ֮ǰѾ뿪ı壬ӡĲһûľʬˣ
ʮѻ˵꣬Ǵϵ
£ʮҲ˵ˡ
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ͻȻʱڸԺȴǿܿʮġ
صҲڿЦҲûǿЦ˵ĶģֻҪǸߣҾͿǼ죡
˵⻰ʱ򣬸ȻǶſʮһ˵ģĵĸȫûҪģ
ȶţϽȥ˰ɣ뿪
ڣʮǿˣʱȻ¶˾ģ
û˿ԥ±Ծ˺۵ĶƴУűǿʼսо
ԶĿһĻۺ㰵һˣ˵׼ܰţֵٶȺԽӿʮһʱҲԽӳ
ʱȻҲǲ飬һʱҲΪҪʮֵԼݻᱻۺ巢֣˲֮С
ɣ
һĹһڸһ˲䣬кһűһ˼Ļͷ˹ȥ
۵ģȻһλɷˣҲ֪ͥλɡ
ȻⲢøΪԾ飬ΪԾǴʱ˿̳ǰɣȻҲһλʥΪĴڣҪǣϵϢƺ֮ǰԼٵǸʥˣ
ģ⵽ô°
һʱ䣬Щˡ
Ը˵ķӦȴֻǵһЦȻĵȴվֵõģˣ
⻰֮ǰʮ˵Ƿ±ʧ㡭ò췣ĵɣ
߹췣һΪĴڣŽԼһΪı£췣ĵһ˸ѾǼˣڶʮҲǼˣһ壬ƺǰһˡ
ȻԷһ⻰±Цŵ˵ͷ
ò˵ɵЩ̫ڸ֮ˣȸղŲϢе⣬Ȼ֮ǰҲ췣һ嵽ͥʲôְλǵڸǰʱ򣬸һʱȴûˡ
ԣƺҲʱˡ
һĹʮƺҲǸӦĴڣ漴ŭȵ㵽ڵʲôѵǵõұɱڲų𣿡
⻰ɵǶŸһЦȻֵ뿪ɣǻص˼䣬Ǿʣµ֮ȥ㣡
˵⻰սȥˣֻȻЩĸվ
ţ»ǷӦ˹漴̾˿Ͼû뵽εȻ췣һ嶼ը
ȻȻǲ֪嵽ǽʲôְ֣ͥλǺʣӵʥ֮϶ҲλȨˡ
һλͥλȨصĴڣʵݾȻһɵķ鴫ֵ֮ͥͥòðˣ
ƺѾԿǵˣ
³пھˣʮһԿۣϸ룬ƺûʲôˣĻֻٹһ߶߲ˣϾλʥ˿ϾҪ˰
˵е鱦Ǹ°ݵʦȴǲһĽңΪ֮ǰļƺɱԼľµλʦǰѽǴ˵еɽ
飬ֻ;ؿЩˡ
ˣ뿪˵ɣ
ţ漴Ǻʮ˴˸кȻСˡ
˵Ϊһ죬ʵЩӣȴԼ
ȫڵʱ򶼲ǵĶֻ֣ʣһˣԼЩʲôأ
ȥǸӦÿǵ飡
ǰŸߣսеľƺȻ˱仯սʮۻΪɵģ˭ͻȻһĪļһ֮͸⵱ƣΪһȻʶģθַɵĽ֮һ
˼֮бԽӾΪķ֣ǰڽ߷صʱ򣬶ϵļΪĬģֱͺһһ㣬ȻһʱЩм
в⣬۵±Ȼ͵Ծ˿ȥʮҪǰ׷ȴһԵɸסˣͬʮ˲Ҳ˼űǷ˿ߣȻٵĽɸսԼСС
ʱˣ
ǰΪϤף۵±ҡҡͷû뵽û뵽ȻҲһɣͥǱôãҲΪˣ
ǰɣȻ۲ϤȴҲ֪ͥݣ˵ͥݻͣҲʵȨģ֮ǰ۵ʱҲ棬˭뵽أ
һλɣʵȴһأ
Ҳû뵽ɣ
⻰ҲһЦȻֵֻٰ֮ˣͥ꣬ÿ춼Ƕ꣬ҵҲˣҲڿҵʵʾˣ

⻰üͷһȻʵʲô񣿡


760 
췣ıһΪȫͬĸɢ֮以ţű֮ǰԸ飬ʮػͭڵľ졢ͥעһͥǱš
һ壬Բͬʮͺˣ֮ǣͥޱΣյĵطΪȻҲҪΪСĵģǧѾǱʮֵĽˣȻҲΪĹϵͥĵλҲԽԽˡ
ȻҲǰʮػͭڵľˣͬʮǣں˺֮Ѿ֪˸ݣҲ֪ô£ļȴûбʮ֪
ڵʱʼջûбľ죬ԶͥҲײжϾûǣͥطǿߵģв˷ݵĻôǧŬҪ׷ˡ
ֱµʱ̣ҲǸóˣ
ȻΪϲǣȻѾں˾ȻĿǰδȫգҲֻǴʱˣʱֶǶԼ޾ģ
ľȻ׸ĵȴӭʤֺο໹ͥأ
ͥʱˣ
ȻȻǲܱ֪ˣϾֱĿǰΪֹݻҪܵģ۵ʣֻǵҡҡͷ˵Щʲô
ۼˣȻǴŭ漴׼ˡ
лŵ˶ѾȵˣڸϽ뿪ɣϾҪˣ
ͻȻʱʮԺ
⻰ȻһɣȻſ۵ǲɣȻЩϧȴǲˣǺڰɣ
˵⻰һƴ˹ȥһƴȴۣǾ߲ԶһǴۣȻİ취Ի⣬ǴЩϣֻЩ˲ᱻˣټЩ۵ӣвȵĵ
û˿ԥ۵ӵ±͵ضһƿҪЩϵʱǰҲǴһƳȥײ˲һɼɢ˿սϵߵˡ
ȥ֮ǰǸɵʱȴ˴˿ȻʧӰˣǵˣ֮ǰʥΪҲһʧˣǼлŵɣ
Դ˾۵ɫ˲ǱüΪѿ
һĹɫ͵һ䣬Ǹæعͷȥһʱ䣬߶ʱǰ˭
ۻæݵӹӭʦλʦ𣡡
۵ݱȽ⣬Ϊԭֻ̫ϵһ֮޳Լı£ȫ˱壬£Ͱ̫ϵΪʦܵ˵ۿνǺΪ׽ˡ
Ŀһۣ̫ϵ漴ǿڵˣɣ񣡡
Ȼ⻰ȴǽĸЩЩɶˣӲʦõǰȥ׷ǣ
⻰һԵ̫ϵ滹ûڣһԵԭʼȴǿˡ
ԭʼղŵǴҲ֪ˣ¹ֲ㣬Ҳû뵽ǾȻôһ壬Ȼȥ˼䣬˼䶨Ȼȥõģжᣬ㻹ɣ
⻰һڣһ˿ԥæֱӣţǾ޴ҲǺСʱͱ˵ĴС
鱦ͭǰһǰͭźŲԶ̫ϵԭʼ˵ͭӦûûб򿪹Ļ㼰ʱͰ֮ǰ˵õİ취ɣ
ԭ·ϣǴ˽ľͬʱҲ֪˾챻췣ӡ飬򵥵֮ǱһǾǰѷӡžͭԼͭеһжԭ֮У
ȻʱѾųˣôҲûйϵɱ֮ȥˣЩôĶᱻͻǸѾ˵硣
ʱԭʼȴЩ£ѵӦôǿνľǲǻ𣿡
鱦ɫ΢΢һ䣬ȴΪȻ˵ʦ֣ҲĪҪ̫ڵˣȻͭŴδ򿪹ôʹĶӦûڵģʲôÿģ˵ˣҪͭҪ޾֮һҲҪķѲٵֵ𣿡
鱦⻰ǵ˵ͷΪҲǿˣǰͭǾ޷ʹ򿪵ģͭ޾ӡģҪ⿪ӡֻԵ֮ˣһֵĻǿԴͭţķѵʵ̫ˣЩòʧ
ȻҪģһͭű֮ľĸô죿ʱԼֵܽƣһʱԶԿˣ
ͭţǲ򿪵ĺã
ƺҲǿǵ飬̫ϵ漴˵ûв´ĻӡͭӦһƬ쳣յģǿдͭţ֮󲨼ǵô죿·̫󣬻˰ɣͰ֮ǰ˵ģͭӵһͻĵطɣ
ۿΪʦֵ̫ϵ淢ˣ鱦ԭʼȻҲǲ˵Щʲôˣ漴Ƿֱ࣬ţ˱ʹͨ
ʱȻҲǸæ˹漴ǿʼкһ콫뿪ϾµĳһȻҲǴԸӵĵزЩ콫Ѿǰﲻκεæˣб˵ĿܣǸϽ뿪ĺá
֣Ǵ£Щﲻ飿ȵ֮漴뿪طϾǺЩ콫رĲ졣
ڰ֮УиԽֵӡǣϵҲɢ˿ʱغ΢΢ʲô˽ⷽһ㡣
ʱͻȻĳһѷ죬ʼʱֻаƴСһûãѷǱһǧɳɿѷ죬ģֱͺǰǰ綼˺һ㡣
ѷУȫһƬľеֻǽڵغ͹̵ҽʶһ̽Ͳ˿ļ
ԭ簡
޾Ļ֮ʼѷӿ˳Ҫһе֮ڴϢʼնǱһСķΧ֮ڣΣ硣
ţԶͭźǷһ죬Χضǿʼ𽥱Ȼıǿռѷ˽ȥ
ʱΧرٶͻȻԽӿͭһɽҲԽӾҵĲûãɽǰεضȻҡҡ׹ϵǵѷ˳ȥ
ͭڵ磬ʵҲһС磬Ȼ濴ûж󣬵ڲĿռȷʵﵽ޷ĵزȻ˵ĲûжҲֻڼԵģڱʲô˵ǰͭӵ绹̫ˡ
ۿȷʵǴЩˡ඼ͥˡ
еĶٽ뵽ѷһ˲ᱻѷڲĻ֮ȫٻٽ飬֮ǰһ̩ɽһľɽҲˣ֤ԭ磬ȷʵӦûκεˡ
𾪵Уǵ޴ͭľɽǱǵ޴ĿռѷС
ʱѾǴ󹦸ˣԽǿʼ޸˸ղű˺ѵռѷ죬һʱ䣬ռ˰Ŀռѷǿٵͺ֮ǰδֹһ㡣
ƽĶۣ˺ռѷҲõģٵԵķҲõ壬˺ѷֱǲֵһˣ˺ռѷ죬ʵǴ޷ݵĵز
ô˵֮ȥƬصʱѾû֮ǰģ֮ǰټСһĿռҲǱһǺܴɽɽоĳ棬ͺ֮ǰδʲôһ㡣
ȻףƬطıĿˣ֮ǰľֻͭŵһѣͭѾǱ峹׵ĴһˣȻǻָ֮ǰģˡ
֮Ҳ򵥵ķԸһۣ漴뿪ˣ뿪֮ʱ鱦ȴ½˼ۣҲ֪Щʲô
ͬʱ˼䣡
Ҵһص˼֮󣬸ǸæռУȥ˿ƣȷûʲô֮󣬸˰ϫͰҹڵǴط
ôʱ䣬Ҳ֪ϫͰҹôˣϫˣϾѾûʵ壬嶼ɵĻɵģָȻҲֻʱˣǰҹ
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Զģûطʱ򣬸ǿԶĵطһ޴ſڵϣ±ϳǰҹı壬һʱиЩΪһҲģһ㡣
֮󣬸æǳһԵİϫʵôҹôˣ
ϫε˵Ǿˣ֮ǰҵȪˮȫǸˣȻûϵ˿ϣʶҲԽӱٹһĻġ
˵󣬰ϫҲЩ˵ȥˡ
ţüͷĸЩЩ̫͹֮еǰѺɫŽˡ
ҹ֮ǰ˵ĵطһ㿴ҹһˣȻ˴ƺûʲô󰭣ʵˣ֮ĺڽѾǰѰҹ׵ĻٵˣһڲϵʴĻǣ
ȥĻǰҹĻˣ
ôô죬׸ô찡
һʱ䣬żҪ֪ҹΪ˾ű֮˵ģҹ˶Ļù
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ͻȻʱԴͻȻһ˵ȻҹѾǱٵˣôٸһ岻ͺ𣿶˵Ҳɣ»һģ
ţ˲һһĹռͷɽǰεضһ˶ͷڵĵط˹ȥռеһС͹һ±ơ
޴ͷڸϷİͣҲûԥֱӱǽʣµ˳ȥһʱ䣬һΪҫ۵Ľ׳ȥ˲ǻ˾޴Ȼǿž޴ͷ˹ȥ

֮ģһ޴쳹ռ䡣
ţɢ֮һԼɵĽǳ˸Ͱϫǰðϫһ㵡
ʱǵ࣬ΪҲ֮ˣϹʾ֮ǰǶ̶̵һͿԻһ˶ͷټӰ׹֮صľʬϵõʣµữɱҲ֮еˣ
ıȷʵ̫ˣȻȲϾ죬ǸڵϵİҹȴرһĲ죬ҹǰֱͺһëëһ㡣
Ѱҹ߾УǸҪˣ
ϾϹʾǰѾǳ׵ȥˣҲһûûʶˣҹѾǱ֮׵ƻˣҿƺ޷ָˣΪ˾ȰҹҲֻˡ
һʱ䣬ϫƺҲ뵽飬һЦϵİҹ˹ȥ˵һﻹãȻôһˡ
µİҹȻ˻֮УҲͲȥˣֻŰҹ޴֣˲ǽҹ˳
ʱ򣬰ϫ˲ΪϾû뵽Ȼı¡
ԣʱȴûʲô˼ȥϫˣҹ깴֮±߰ҹķȥˡ
ûľʵͺûסķӣһסȥ˾ˣȻҲʲô˶Եģ壬ҹҲ壬ͬΪ壬֮Ųụų⣬ǻ˵Ļôδػˣ
ҹ֮ǰѾûʲôˣϵ˿Ҳǲȥˣϵ˿ڣȴøЩͷԼҹΨԼı䰽ҹ꣬ҲΪһɣĻǿɾǳ׵ˣ
˰죬ֻǷ뷨˵ðҹԼԺ޸ɣϾҲ̺ޱǿЩҹ϶ˣ黹ɣ
ҹ곹״֮󣬾±ǿСʱǱ˰ҹģ˵ϣۼˣһֻ̧ҹµĻ֮غͻأ̧С͸һŴƵġ
İҹʵͺ͵ںİϫһΣգµİҹȵʱİϫҪΣգϾǾɳģǰҹ޷ߵĻôռڵɶҪˣ
˼֮󣬸ǾðҹͰϫһûȫµ֮ǰԲǳ
㣬ϫȻҲûʲô˵ģϾ֮ǰ֮ľٶò
һ뵽֮ϫͻȻüͷűǿʵˣҲ㶼ˣ֮أûг׵ĸɵ
ûУҡҡͷַ֮˲ٵ飬֮ܶҸͺˣǻһףԺӦöǲٿˣ
⻰ϫȻΪΪ֮ǰʵǸ㲻׸Ȼͱ֮кͽĿܣǾȻһʲôף
⡭ʵ̫ٵ˰ɣ֮ǰǷʲô
ţ׼ѯʵʱȴָɫ͵һ䣬۾ŲԶĵط˹ȥ
ϫƣæʵôˣ
û£ҡҡͷǳ˵С¶ѣȹȥҹͰչˣ
˵⻰ȰϫӦǷ뿪ˡ
ۼˣϫҲֻЦҡҡͷ
ʱ򣬸ɫȴЩÿΪڸղһ˲ĹȻǲԼռȻӲı˸˺һӣűռ֮С
УϵϢΪЩϤģȻʮͿˣһʾ췣ĵˡ
ЩһȻҲӳˣ
ʱ򣬸ȴû˿οһĪŭһ֮ǰƵĳ棬еŭ˲ǸΪʢ˼֡
ռУΪѾˣǼÿնвΰݣϧ֮ѾȫҪˣΪ֮ǰõЩֱ֮ţһë磡
Ǵ̽һܵĻ췣ĵΪп˵û뵽Ȼһ磡
ʮһʲôû뵽ģû뵽ӦҲŶ԰ɣǧ㵹Ҳ͵סӰ
νָȻ췣һˡ
ʮǶԣֶʵֻһĴŶѣûʲô̫ôҲˣһֱҲû˵ԼͥݣһʮӴĻ˵ͨʮҲ֪֣ͬģʮȻҲ֪˸飡
ʮԣԲϾôҲû뵽ȻһֱĻҪȳľ죡
ִھȻ̬˼䣬ƺѾȫӦ˼ʮǲܵ飬ɾܵ飬ȴƫƫˣ
Լ֮ǰôԴģʮﻹкɫ
ʱ˿̣뾡ع鱾壬˭֪ȴǲԸˣ˵þͬУ⻰ʮȻҲǲ˵Щʲôˡ
ǣڵ֪Ϣ֮еֻһ쳣ϲΪҪ֪ǸΪģԼػ֮⣬ôɣҲ˵֮ǰľĸˣôҲֻھɣػ񣬾϶Ǻںˣ
˭뵽أȻ֮ǰѾһ˼䣬ҾȻʼĸ˼룬ȻҪǾǸȻľ죡
Ȼ͸ʶʱ䲻Ǵ֮ǰðվǼ¿һֵЧҵӣȻҪģǾһӵиǱ֮ǰû˿ദˡ
ţһ֮󣬿̾˿Ϊ£еѾǲǧˣǶԣһõϢ
ţʮȻҲǲ飬һʱҲΪΪִ˵ĻЩǿ϶Ҳǲˡ
µ˵ЩʲôʲôأȥѾǲٻˡ
ţʮҲ̾˿
Ƕӳ˰
ͻȻʱͻأ̧ͷһ˲ǿվڹΪ޴ĵ񶥶ˣһѰζĿǡ
ۼˣʮ˲ǻ񣬸æݵμ죡
ʮЩǣʱȴȫɵۣ˭Ҳû⵽ô£ʮ֮ǰҲûиǽ͹ôȻǳ˾ˣ
ʮ˵񣬸ȴֻǰ˰֣Ȼɫ˵ȵȻȱżŰݣгǵ𣿡


762 С
⻰һڣʮ˲һ˭Ҳû⵽ô£ôݻҪˣǵʼնɣζı䲻˵飬Ǹ˵⻰ʲô˼
ţʮ»ǸæӦ˹˵ã϶Ϊ֮ǰǼأ
ǰľ죬Ͳ֮ǰǼϣΪûиģֻ֪ԴԣµľѾ֮ǰǸˣ
µľ죬Ȼӵĸ飬˼ķʽҲǺһ޶ʱĲһĶԴϲϲ
Һԣ֮ǰЩ飬϶ǳϲģ
ţʮɫ˲ǱΪѿǰһ֮ǶŸݵš
ȿȡ
һָճڣĿʮ˲ǷӦ˹æǸĿڵߡ֮ǰȷʵˣôҶԣֻҪֻҪ뿪Ϳˣ

⻰ʱ򣬸ΪȻȷʵЩʮȴûҪߵĵزΪ˵ʮ֮ԻôȫҲֻΪԼѡ
ȻΪǷȱʮԼľκ޷ģĻǵҪԼͿóˣ
ţɫǻţǿʮ˵ˣôĵķҾͲƽˣҲϣ´ˣ
ΪǴͭΨһԿ׵Ļʮѹû˺ģѾ׵ĸʮﻹʲôȥƣţʮһ֣صĵ˵ͷ
ʱȴЩΪԼղŵľٶʵ̫ûˣʵǲһеİȻôľԭʮ
ȻҪģǴ˿ʮЩƺͲ飬ǵоͿóˡ
Ȼǵһε죬ûʲô鰡
ڸļУǰÿξʱڳ˳췣֮ⶼǱҪӭӵģȻ˿̵ǵǾ죬һһõ꣬Թӭ鷳¾ͲˣкҪİɣһɵ񣬵Լһƭˣ
УԼʲôȻʵЩ̫ˣ
ţ˲һһĹ͵һԾʮڵķԾ˹ȥͬʱǸæʮ˴ȹһƬռ䣬ҪƬռˣ
ţصʱ򣬸ѾǱһʮ׸ߵľˣλԼٶȱš
˸ķԸֿǰʮȻҲ˲˸Ҫʲôһʱ䣬ȻҲǲԥ漴ɢ˿ȻʼʩȹƬռ䡣
ţ𾪵УһԼɵľͻȻǳǰȻΪ˱ٷһЩε飬ԸҲǽʩԼ·ϣԼٴϵ·Ҳǻűģ
֮ǰľٱ׶ˣβҪսҪʲô飬ţΪΪһĹǷԼԴȻѾǶռĶˡ
ռȻʮֵĹʼղ޼޵ģѾǵռļ֮ˣûʮ˵İĻռ䶼Ҫˡ
Ȼʥ˼Ա޴󣬵Ǻµĸȣ֮ȷʵȫͬģΪʥҪ޴Ҫܴ֧ŵģǸһΪô󣬱ɾ첻ǱԼıѣǲôҪģȻҲȫԺˣĿǰԣҪɾ죬Ҫܴάֵģ
ʱ̣ѾȫҪȥЩʲôˣһʱ䣬еɱǶŸȥʱ˿̣Ȼȫ˸ݡ
Ϊڱһ̣ȻǶ˾ıԴ֮Щ˾֮⣬˭ӵأ
˵̬ԼݻʵЩ̫˷˼ˣʵǰȴɲǲˣ
ͬʱҲһȻ֮ϵЩѾС˼ĵزȴǿĸо˵ĴڣԸӦǴ˿ĵ뷨
ò˵ĸоʵ̫ˬˣ
ˬˬƬ֮Ѹٱ֮ǰĳΪʵЩԼһСľͰռˣҵʱԼĿȻҲǴﵽˣֺȥ˷Լأ
ڸ±СʱʮҲ»صߣʱ˵ȴ쳣ľϲΪȻ֮ǰѾ֪˸Ǿ죬˭ҲûʹþЩС˼ˣ£ǵѾһ˿ˣ
ʮǶһǰһʮ˵֮ԻһΪֻΪ˾µ˵㣬ѾƽҵõȫôǲҲںˣϾǷֿ֮ʱʵ̫ˣһʥ˸Ƕ֣Ҫ
漴ҲǿڵͥѾǳ׵ı¶ˣۺͥǾ޷ģû´Ļǿ϶ĴѰҵ䣬ҪʱҲñˣ
ʮĽ飬ȻҲûʲôģҲף϶Ѿͥը˹϶Ҳǻᾪ۵ģϾ֮ǰͥҲһȨƵˣأȻһ˾ȻһǱͥɣӣ۵Ͽ϶ǹҲסˣ϶ǻ뷽跨ҵģ
һĻԺǶûаӹˣͬģҲҪǿӦЩܻᷢ飡
ţ漴ǵ˵ͷʾʮںϡ
һ˿ԥһ˵κɢȡ֮ģһȫµ𽥳ǰ
ʱʮǳ׵ʧˣʱ췣Ҳڳˣ
ʮںϣֻϵ룬ȫһеںϣвֹǰѰԸԼеĶں֮췣ӵ֮ǰȫͼ䣬ӵǵԸ񣬶һгں֮췣ͻˣ
֮ܶĿǰ˵췣ʾǿĴˣĸҲĶ֣
۾ʱ췣̾˿Ϊһʱȫļһӿͷ鿴ܵĿѣǿĴҲǲɵһ˿Ĳ
ȻյĿȻɣô֮ǰһŬҲֵõģţοЩ
ΪѾӵ˾֮ǰеļ䣬Զڸԣ췣ʵΪϤˣ˼췣ٴγֵʱʮֵĵȻ
£е鶼ѾǴĲˣΨһʣµҲǸΰЩˣȻǿסƬռ䣬µĸȴǲôˣΪбõȥһȫʺ磡
ǾǾС磡
ˣܻԼһ磬ˣвͬǣȴģں˾ıԴ֮֮󣬸Ѿ֪顣
Уһռ仹Ҫ޴磬Ǹ粻ͬһκһطΪھ磬缸Ǻ֮ǰһ޶
ǸУǿԲκεƺѹƣͬҲҪӡѹԼΪǸǺһûκιģֻҪͻһֱȥ
磬ɶޱȿ磡
֮ǰʶ̽磬㵵ķ֣֮УȻҲһ족Ȼ첢ľ죬Ϊľֻһ˶ѣҪ˵ĻʵһһֱڱСеһУҸķԼȻǿԲٿķ
ڸ˵ȻһϢˣϾȻʮֵǿ󣬵ܹҲǿóģֶȻҲǶˣ
Ǽ򵥵ķԸ˿췣䣬ȻǽԼڵĿռ˿Ǹʱе˲ǱޱϲΪ֪硣
ڽ뵽Ǹһ˲䣬ϵķӡǱԶˣһʱ䣬ռ˲ǱǺҷӰ飬ȴֻ΢΢һЦ˿Ҳûģ
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еɶƬ֮УΨ췣⣬ΪҪ֪ĸǴڵΨһˣǱҪʱػڸ߱
ԴˣȻʮֵΣΪһ˶ĶѾϰˣʵǲ߸һ˵ԼµӦûû¶֮ͥҲû֪ԼʵݣԼ¾ӦǰȫģҪһһֱԼߵĻôֻԼݳҲǻᱩ¶ģ
뵽ֻǽеԭһ£췣һ⻰ȻҲǲٶ˵Щʲô˸Ҫעⰲȫ֮ǽ뵽Ƭ֮С
ļ죬Ҳûȥֻ˼ŷƣϾ֮ǰǼ飬жڷƿźܴεģͬģҲûκε飬ֱӱǽԼʵݸ˷ơ
֪֮󣬷ȻǾȵԸӵĵزΪû뵽ȻôݣһһףݵҲˣȻԾܹҲǿģǲе̫ˣ
Ҫ֪ǿ찡Ȼһ죬Ҳǽ޵еĴˣʲôɰɰǰ˺ô
Ǵʱ˿̣һ족ȻԼߣΪԼе顣
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôƻûлָ֮ǰеļ䣬ڸѾҪˣ⼸ʱ㽫ǰĵεζ˷ƣȻһһ㶵ģϾû뵽Լںܾúܾ֮ǰѾǺ͸ܲɷֵĹϵˡ
Ʋȥʮ֮ǰ˺Ƶ鲻˵Ľܹ黹ģһ֪ɶѾǱսԼСˣƬǾǰȫģƬСûκεѹ֮ҪȫƬСкúõȥġ
ȻйͥˣȻ֮ͥǰŭ˶޲ðƤǣѾȫԵĲˣȻǺʮںϳΪ췣ˣͥҵҲǾҲģ˵ˣеɶսԼСУƬСֺԭȫԼ֮⣬κ˶޷ģ˭ҵõأ
Ҳø˰ɣ
Լ㱻֮ɱȴڱ֮İ¸ɵ˾ʬֵ֮õں˾ıԴ֮ͱ֮֮Ϊеҵ˰֮ϸĻòԼĵøл֮һأ
Ϊ֪ͥƿ϶ʮֵĽţʱ֮ڣȻҲûĴˣˣǼ֮ǲòȥͥһˣ
ΪɨֽӵͥϢҷϢĲǱˣȻǸλ°ݵʦ鱦
ӸǷѣΪȻ鱦ģôȥ϶ǲˣȥĻֲ֪ͥǴһ״̬µģ֮£ֻȥҿ췣ˣ
˸˵֮󣬿췣±ǱɫΪͥطѾǳΪеĽ֮أطȥĻɱҪ֮һ鱦ˣ
һʱ䣬췣ƺĵΧĳˣ
ţȻҲǲӦˡ
췣üͷԸ˵֮ǰ֮ԻȥһֻͥΪȱͥϵǣеѾȳҲѵùƽӣټ㼸Ǻһķһ޶ûʲô˿ԲʵݣһɾͲҪ˰ɣͥҲȥˣ
ҲǸ͵ûֵͥطǶʵ̫ˣرʱΪգʱȥͥ¶˰췣˵Ҫȥһ˰ɣ
췣ͿĻ±εҡҡͷУΪҿôͥô˵Ͳģһ˵ݳΪͥɣ˿Ľѵ飬Ҫ˵Ҳˣѵͥỳ𣿵ʱ汻ǲʲôǾͲˣ
˵ˣ֮ǰѾǰ֮һ鱦ΪʦɲˣָôأѵҪҺ鱦Ͼʦͽϵô
˶ҪʥΪʦҪͻȻһҪʥ˶Ͼʦͽϵڣ˵ͥܲ취ǲеģ
˵˻ҲΪͷһʱҲǲ֪ôˣ֮Уܾ鱦ٻԼΪʲô򵥵飬Щǣ֮ǰ˵ģ£ǲȥˣ
췣Ϳһ⻰˲ҲǳĬҲˣϾûнӴͥĵȼƶȣ췣ͲһˣϾô˵ҲͥôɣҲ׸˵ûȷʵǲܲȥˣ
ΪһȥôеìͷָϣʱҲͳ׵ı¶ˣҪһսˣĽɲҪģ
ۼˣȻҲ֪ôˣ漴ǿڵˣβȥĻǲˣǾȥһ˰ɣҲ̫ˣΪ»ûô⣬Ͼҵı˵ĻôЩ콫϶Ѿ½ץˣֱҲǻúõô֤ҵȻûбκ˲İɣ
һ췣ȻҲǲٶ˵ЩʲôˣΪ˵ʲôûõˡ
֮£췣ֻĴ㣬Ǿһݳװ¶ôǱ̳ߣ
𣬿췣֪ģҪսʤǼǲܵ飬һķ飬ôֻڻ뿪ˡ
ǿǸԲΪֻҪиڣһжпܣҪǸˣôǵĴҲú壡
ȻȻǲܱ֪ˣԿ췣ʶģһǱȻ¶ľģ
ţ򵥵İһ飬ͥ
ȻǰŸ̨̤ʱͲ˴ʱ˿ͥķΧȻǱòһˣ̧ͷһ㷢ŵȻǱ֮ǰ࣡
ͥοĶˣ
ţȻҲǽ˼֣ɫȴһȻģֱ˹ȥ
վסߺˣ
ûŵʱſڵǴߺ
ͣ½ŲȭЦŶЩ˵λˣСͥеɨǣ˴ҪҪȥͥģ
˵⻰Ҳûţֱǽɨ˳
˵ʱЩȻǲ̫ŵģΪǰ˴ŴʵЩ̫ˣаɵģ
ȿǿʱȴǲɵˣΪǿȷʵͥͨƣһɨרġ
Ȼˣȴûһ˿иģʵȻͥɣΪʲô˼أһôŹ֣
Σֻǽ͵ұֻһˣԵɺ֮ܵ۵Ķͥɨǣ׼ûµʱ˼䣬ͥ˼ɨλŵĻȥ鿴һҵװôҲû취ˣڵ˼
ⷬͣһ˼ģ漴׼ŸȥˣϾĲ˵öͨƾ첻üٵģ֮˻ǵ֮ǰͶ˵ʱĳܺͶнģôأ
ţǱ»صԼĸλҲǸæ˽ȥ
ֱͥӱǽٻ˳Ȼķȥˣ˵ΪҪȥѾǲҪپˣ޶ˣ϶ǲģΪͥУֻһͨķˣҲһ˼߰ˣΪάݣ΢ǲȥģΪ´ĺʵЩ̫ˣ
ǰĸ޵ķٶȾǺܿģӵ˾֮޵ٶڸȴĲˣˣҲֻˡ
˭ȾҰ
ͻȻʱԶһ֮ϾȻǴһ
е±΢΢һΪеϤһ㡣
ţһŮ
ҪǲɱĻѽⱾͷ֮ޣ
Բۣ
һ˲䣬кǿһΪ±Ƿ˵ĲǱˣȻλΪͷ۵
ȵȡĻôҪɱ˾ǡ
ԯڡ
ϸ룬ղŵǸԯڵ
˵ԼҵǸжĺúõôͻȻܳˣֱ׷ɱˣ
һʱ䣬Щ


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ţ»Ǹæ޷˹ȥΪͦ⵽ôµġ
Ȼ֮Զı㿴ԯڸĴţ׷ģ˭
˵Ӧֹģһ뵽֮ǰԯƲԼ飬ҲͻȻûˣ˵ȵȵȰɣȵ涯˵
Ͼûǣԯһαģ
ԼڼƬСУȴȫ޹ԼƵʢŭǰҪǵʱˮͯӳȵĻû׼ʱıɵҲ˵أ
˵ȷʵӦúúýѵһˣ
ţ漴ЦȻһζĿڸ໥׷ԯڡ
ʱ˿̣ԯڵЩ˵֪ҪǻᷢĻҲܳʵ̫ƶˣ
ԭڼǰʱԯڵļΪ֮ǰ׵飬ԯڵĸȻҲϲʤգֻԯڵģټʱȷʵûһ˿ŭģԯڵĸȻҲΪָǴӦˣ
Ҫԯڵʱԯڵĸ׼ҲûıӦˡ
ٴμʱԯڵеµһ뵽Լ˿ƬУҲģҲ΢˰ЩҲֻǰЩˣ
Ȼ󣬾򵥵̸֮ԯڱ׵ʧȥ˷Ϊ˴ǰΪɱΪ˺ŸôⳡԼ
ԯ˵һĺϢΪʼնϲϲģһֱλˮĶλͺɱ϶޸ˣףǼֱҪҪǣһ׵ĻôԶܺϲĶһˣ飬ǿ϶ͬģ
ⷬԯڵ⣬ԽԯҲûԥֱӱǴƬгˡ
Ƭԯܱδʱ޷ģںܾ֮ǰԯھѾǷһʱİ취˭Ҳֻ֪Լ֪ѣԯҲûκ֪ʵ̫ҪˣҲ͹˲ôˣ
ǡ
˭ܲµأմƬгһ˲䣬֮ǰһͰ˲Ǳɫһѽͳɱ˹ԯڱ㰵һˣ˵군ˣȻĵ
Ҫȥ֮ǰƬѾǲܵˣΪҪȥҪܳʱʩǺµͲκεĻᣬ֮£ԯֻǿʼͥĴӴ
ѾǺüȥˣ
ʵĻԲܻԯڵĶ֣Ҫ֪۵ŮͥĹԯھٴĵҲҶְټȷʵдȣΣȻҲǲóֻ֣¶ˣ˭ƺĵҪɱȻһ·׷׷˹ӣǳ׵ûˣ
ٴζһ֮ԯڵ±˵˵ô׷û갡۲˵ҪȥԼҪĻԼҿǲ˰
ɱˣԼȻҲͽˣҾͲҸܰҼ޸һˣ
ҡҡ㡭ö
⻰ԯһʱû˰취ţ뵽ʲô飬Ȼǿڵ֪ɱֻΪ֮ǰ飬ҸҷģʲôҲû㻹ûˮʱҾѾˣܿʲôҪҲȥǸɨǰǸҺģָʲô˰ҡ
ԯļһʱ㻹ԩң
ԶԯھȻ뽫ŭԼϣ±̲ס
Ҳ˲ԯڵע⡣
ѭȥԯڵϵ±¶һϲɫűǸæеˣȾҰɣЩŲסˣʵ̫թˣҲСľͱƭˣһɵģ˭ҲѲ˸ϵǧܲҰ
˵Żԯڵ±ǳŸ˹
һ˲ɫ͵һ䣬Ҳ֪ʲô飬һʱȻ˼׷ɱԯڵ顣
ԯ˵⻰˲һȻŷɵǰԯ˵ԯ˵⻹ûһˣҲôİɣһ˻ǵ汳İ
ǲǡֵܣҲû취Ƣֲǲ֪ܵ˵ʲôɢһעô˵ȻˣôͲܲˣʵеܲˣȥĻҿ϶ûİʶһķϣζþһΰҼҿǾŴôһ磬Ҫҵô찡
ԯ˵ţһѱһĿ
öģֻǸæҡҡͷǣ˵һүеϢô㻹ǽıǾأˣ¼Ȼˣôҿ϶ǵùܵģ͡
𣿼ȻĻôҾͷˣ̫ΣգҾһȥҼҵƬűȽϰȫǴˣͷתһԯʵûȢɣԼһҸȥģ飬Ҹ׿϶Ҳû뷨ˣϾҲʧȥΨһĶӰɣˣ˵ô࣬ˣ
ȸѻ˵꣬ԯںǳĻţٴηӦʱԯѾǻ𼱻ǵķˡ
˵ŭӻ
ֵܣذҪǲĻԺټɣ
ȻӦģȴֻôһ仰
ԯڣȻһ׵˵֪ͲӦôӦģ˰ɣ
һʱ䣬Ϊʱž뿪ԶָôأԯһˣԼ϶ҲǳΪΨһĿˣ˵֮ǰһĽӦòν򣬲ٴμ⻹е̫˰ɣϾϸ˵ĻϴηֱʱǸ뿪İ
˰죬ʼûʲô취ҲһֱֻڸĶŸδκεľٶԽˣȴԽӽΪµ˱ǰ
ã̾˿˵Ǹǻǻ㲻ôȥҲǰ취ǵú¸˵ˣȻԯһ쵰Ǻԣ쵰Ӧϲģ͵ϴҲֻ֮ʧˣٻһ֮ǰĳ㷢ԯ˵ûƺûпʲôÿĶԼʲôÿĶˡ
ţһ˿ԥűǸȥ
ޱĿ֮ʱһĪΡ
Ǻǣ
һЦǿǺþòұΪеģû뵽ȻѾصͥˣ
ôüëһ˼Ǳܻصͥˣ
ǲǣҿɲǸ˼æֵͥļңʲôʱȻǿԵģҲʶѣᣡ
ߣ
⻰һźŲԶʯ˹ȥʯۼˣȻҲǸæ˹ȥ
֮󣬸漴ǿڵʲôղԯ뿪ʱЩҪת㣬˵֮ͻĸ취֮ǰĻԼ˵ԺԼҵƬвٳˣϣ
ߣ޳֮ͽΪҾû취ھȥɱ
ȸѻ˵꣬һеĽվ
ۼˣһæȱżһû˵أ˵ô
ã˵ɣҵҪ˵ʲôҷŹԯڣ
˵ţüͷ
򵥵֯һԣǿڵʵɣĴֻһѣԯҪ͵Ĳ㣬ĽŲţ֮Ҿһȷʵϲ˶ʱǱԡ֮±ǷϴĲǶ㣬ԽţǸæ˳ֻ£Ҹұ֤ûпʲôÿĶҾʵҲûҪɱɣ
ô֪˵Щ¶أ
ͻȻʱ
ҵȻ֪ˣҲûı˵ΪʱҿβԯڽȥģǰŸսȥʱ򣬾æ˳֮׷ʱѾӳȥˣҸұ֤϶ûʲôÿĶģ
أпʲôÿĶ𣿡
ǿʵҲͻȻ
ʱ򣬸ȴûвڱǴʵҲûʲôֻǿӶ
˵Ҳ˵ȥˡ


765 λ
һʱ䣬ֳЩ
ˣ˵ĶѾ˵ˣҪκεıҲûõˣƹˤˣ
ţкҲǷ˺ݣȻ˲һصʯϣһվûʱҾǿôˣȻȷʵǿûҲܹҰԯðҵݽȥģҲֻΪץѣҲ֮ʧѣˣôɣҲˣ
˵󣬸ԺкǱĳһֵ뷨Ǿȥǰ״ȻջԼɨǵλһԼͲô֮ͥˣⲻԼϣ
鱦ǱߣǵԺȶ˵ˣ
ţһ֡
Ŷ
ͻȻʱ
ûиеķŭҲûаνĳеľȻֻһŶ֣ӣûˡ
˵ղ˵ʲô𣿡
ЩȷŵĿ
ֻɫ΢ĵ˵ͷ
Բۡ
ۼˣжʱһ񱼶˵ô°֪̰֮ν׷ɱôҲǵİɣ¾Ȼˣĵʲô
Բԡ
ҡҡͷ˼·֮󣬸ǿҾûףһ¸һµıȽϺá
ˣ˵Ҷף˵ˣ
ͻȻʱȴһЩŸֵ
ǸϾʹգϾѾЩ̫ˣҪ֮ǰνĻܻûʲô¶µʵе㲻Ծ⻰Ҫǲ˵׵Ļ˭֪Ժֻʲô¶
УζˣϾԼְأ
ţǸæӿڵвУҾȫûףһǵúúõĸһ£ţϴȷʵϴԡңһӣ׼ôţҽ㻹ȥ۱ȽϺõ㣬Ͼɱɱʵ̫ˣҡ
˵⻰ʱ򣬸һֱڶţͻȻǰе㲻ԾȻߺĵͷһ˫Ҳǲ֪
ƣ֮ǰõЩҲǺ˵ȥˣֻǿôˣ
ֻɫȴԽӱ糺
ͻȻʱͻأĲԼƺˣһ±תӡ
һĹŮģŮӺǳ˸ԶĵطҴʱ˿ֻ̣ͬҲһ㵵ģ
ȻϡģͥλλȻһӴˣĵأ߸ٻȻڹλҲˣ
ʱΪʲô֮ǰôŵֹ˵ˡ
¿ǳ׵군˰
һλ취һӵλôɾǳûˣλһĿ϶Ҳǲֲܵģǲ֪Ҳˣ񡭡
ʲôͻȻһЩ飬ۻ´ټɣλټ˰
ţ룬±Ǵֱ·ˣΪ֮ǰѾǳԼ͵ϴ飬ҲλˣζûˣΪ֮ƣֻ·ˣ
Ÿ⻰ڣԶλҲǸæӦ˹
󵨣ССɨǣȻ͵ϴ裬Ĵ£Ϊ㻹ߵ𣿡
ŭ
ǽŵ̿ˮǽ͵ǡҽͣͲҡ
ʲô㣬ղ˵ĻǿǶˣԼ˵ĻԼܹ鲻ܲǵðɣ㻹ʲôýƱģ
ţǿˡ
ȻĹ幫߹ҲַָŸ
ǰλûκΰ취ˡ
֮£ֻʹñİ취ˡ
쿴꣡
һĹ򣬸ָǰλĵطҲǹؼʱ̵ˣǰ԰ģ
λûɶЧ
һʱ䣬ǷӦ˹˼ҿͥĹĿ겻Լ˼俴ͨôô취δʵ̫Щ
ǺǺǡ
ǰλڿһ׳յ񣬸εЦЦ
Ȼûоʹ˷´һ֮һȿ˲Զĵطеʦôˣ
ȻʱλȴѹˣΪ˭֪ⲻǸߵİ취ˣ˵ˣʦɨǣȻǰʮֵ磬Ҳһ̶֥Ĺٰˣʲôأ
ţ˵ɨǣǽƻµҪƭǣĵ˵ˣʦôǽÿͥĹһССɿԵģ
ǰһĴȴһ仰ҲҶ˵ˣɫҲ쳣ΣվڸԶ˿ҲһȵģԶҲһĲ˼顣
ʱλƺҲһ˿Ծĵطűһλһת˹ȥ
ֻһۣʱ㱻һȻæǳ˳½ǡ
ӣҲǻعͷȥȿ岻Զ˵ģʱ˲Ҳ͵سһɫҲǱѿ
Ϊʱ˿̣ǰĲǱˣ֮һ鱦
֮У̫ϵΪƵģԭʼ𣬶λʥˣͥļλǲµģ鱦ȴһλ⼸λֻǼЩµĴˣ
򵥵Ĵһǰˣ鱦ǶŸӣΪʦ㣬Ϊڴ˵飿
ǾһݣȻЩε˵ʦӱ׼ȥģ;˵صʱһλˣŵһЩʱ䣡
鱦⻰΢΢˵ͷȻǿλǼʲô
ӣЩӦˣŸʦӦͥɨǲŶԣ˭ʦȻ֮һ鱦һ֮ǰ˵ЩЩΪǰλʥ˿ɲλҪǷŭĻô˭Ҳסģ
˵ˣɨ͵ԼϴҲǲܱ֪ģΪ˭֪ԼȥģȻͽ߸ˣô鷳
ţǶλʹ˸ɫеĹǶ鱦ݵμ鱦үүҡֻڴѡ
鱦˰ֵˣ̫ˣһеҪͲﵢˣӣ£
鱦˵ţǶŸ֣ǻ¶һ˿ѰζЦݡ
һʱ䣬ǱһΪͻȻ֮䣬ǰλ鱦𲢷鱦𣬶ɱ˼ٰģ֮ǰΪ̫ھȵԵûз֣ϸ۲һ£ȷ뷨
ĵλļһﰡȻʥҲҼðѵôҪ
ȵȡݸղŵһòԼģȻ˵Ļôһ϶ԼʶˣԼʶЩ˵УòҲֻС
ˮͯӡ
һ뵽±ǷӦ˹˵˰죬ԭλСʦ־ˣţһ˿ԥ漴׼λ鱦뿪ˣʱֺ뵽ʲôȻһյС˵ʵȫǿԺƽģɣҸʦ֮ͻȥҵֵȻֵͷôúõĽһ飬Ȼֻһܴļλô
ԣǺ˸һۣűǵ˵ͷ
ǡô˵ĺúõ˰
εֹһ£Ǹæɵ鱦ߣţλͱУ鱦ڵķȥˡ
Ȳ沢û׷ֿһ˵ʱ򣬸˿Ȼߵġ鱦𡱵ʦ֣ղǶл˰Сû

һ⻰鱦𡱵±һȻһ˼Ŀ֣ô֪Ұ
˵ʱȻԼԭǻֻͯ˭
Цͥ磬ʦǽ޵еĴڣĸĸðѽԪʦҲûӣΨһ뵽ģҲֻˣ
ͯһ룬ƺôҲͲˣһɢ֮ǻԼģ
һƨ̱ƶϣͯӵ±ǽеι㻹˵ղұʦģʱеµΨֱǼλˣڿãǼλҸʦˣ
޵Ȼ仯ıºˣʵ˵տʼʱҲûݣˣôһأˮͯʦȥˣ
ˮͯһ㶼ӰģֻͯȴˮͯӣΪ


766 ͯӵı
ţҲûԥֱӱǿʵˣôһ˳ˣˮͯʦأ
˵ѽͯӿ˿ЩʱʦȥԪʦˣˮͯȥֻ˵ҲֵƽʦǲôֻӵģȻֱˮͯȥˣҲ֪ô£
⻰˲΢΢һţһ뷨ǴԺб˳
ˮ֮ͯ󣬸ǿˮͯӵʦְһֱиɻ󣬲֪ɲ԰ҽһ°
ˮͯӶڡʦ֡ƺã⻰ʱ漴Ϊˬ˵ʰɣ֪ģһ㣡
ۼˣСʵʦְû´ĻˮͯʦֻӦþʥհɣ
ûͯӵͷˣ
յ飬һֱһԣǾձµʦʵǵʦµǲİ
˵ţͯ˹ȥ
ε飬Ȼѹȥǧ֮ã֮ͥҲǱȴˣ˼䣬ȴǡǡ෴ˣ˼ЩѧûµľͰμһ飬ҲͷһЩ˲õ飬鱦ʦ˵ҲǸЩ˿е֪ġ
Ȼδ֤ʵ֮ǰʵҲǲȷģԻ֤һ˵
⻰ͯһ㶣Ȼһȵ˵֣ô֪ģˮͯӸ𣿡
ͯӵģе±һϲΪԼȻǲ¶ˣ
ţ漴ҡҡͷǲǣûκ˸ңԼϹµĶѣ

üͯӺ뵽ʲôüͷһչ˿ȻֵˣҲʲôˣ±֪Ҳ޷ģû괫ձµȷʵʦʦʦ
õ˻ͯӵĿ϶ش֮󣬸ʱǵ࣬ţ뵽ʲôȻʵôʦյĿʲôأ׼Ϊͽʲô飬ôȻԪʦֶˣ
ʦҲ鱦ĵӣ˵鱦ҪϻӵĻӦʮּ򵥵ģֻҪһ仰Ϳˣ鱦ȻǽԪӺԼ˹òе㲻Ծɣ
Ȼڸɻ󣬻ͯȴҲֻҡҡͷҵǲ֪ˣ֮ǰʦɫòε黹Ϊصģƺֻͽ飡
ĵ˵ͷε黹Щˡ
˸ղǵô°ôһӰͥλˣ
ͻȻʱͯӵ
⻰±Щű˭֪ԭֻǺЩᣬҲ֪ôλҲͻȻ˹Ȼ󡭡˵Ҳǲ˵£
Уôܲأ⻰ͯӵ±ǼΪм˵Ҳһ֪Ϊʲô飬˵֮ǰ϶ΪŮ֮ˣ
Ů֮£
⻰ҪǴκ˿˵ûʲôӦģǴӻͯӿ˵ǲɵøˣΪ˵ͯӵѾܴˣȴʼֻʮĺͯһ㣬ټϳڶʹʵǺ˼ЩСûʲôġ
ɾһСһȻҲʲôŮ֮£⻹˾Ȱ˵ˣԼ֮òҲܱ֮ΪŮ֮°ɣ
ʱͻȻϷŪͯӵ뷨漴ǿͯӵʦ֣ģ͸ҽŮ֮µļɣҲЩ
⻰ͯȻҲһƬϲűһĿŮ֮£˼ķ˶ԻǲɻȱĶǶЩ޵֮˶ԣȴǺñ׽ٶˣǸմõĶһҪմˣôһΪҲˣߣһΪпܻˣ
úЦȴƫƫЦʵôʦ֣Ȼô࣬ǲ˵֮ǰҲŮ֮أ
ûûСͯӻæֵ⻰ɱ˵ǱȷҵЩлҪ徻ʲôŮ֮¡
Żͯһҵģ·ǱԼץʲôѱһ㣬±̲סЦ
ʦʲôˣҲǿЦˣ
ʱͯԭʵ׽ŪԼѣһʱ䣬ǼΪ˫ֽǰд֪ҸղžͲˣ
𰡣ⲻڿЦѣ棡ʦ֣˵ҵ滹мҪæģ¹СɵðŶ취
˵ţ±ǸæɨƿռóһװΪСӵݵ˻ͯǰ
ͯ˲ҲǲˣһֽӹһЦ˵˵ҵʦܣѵĻʦֵô֮أ˵ɣ
ͥЩͯǣѾһˣԸǣûһ˵飬УǾЩԲţһëѣ
ڸ˵飬Ȼйˣ֮ǰһСĺ̸ȻǱλˣеĺֻЩͷۣһѾǹ鷳ˣһ߸׻ҪҪˣ
ĿǰΨһİ취ƺҲֻоĽԼ֮ˣֻҪԼ֮鳹׽ˣôλȻҲǲٶ˵Щʲô˰ɣ
뵽İ취Ҳֻȥԭˣ֮ǰԼ˵Ȼֵ棬μ棬ǽʱˣȻȻȥԭµģôֿտյȥ϶ǲˣҲôʲôǣ
Ǹϲüһ֪ģȻ֮ǰ˼˲ٵʱ䣬ȴҲûбֳκһϲȻҲЩ޴˿ͯӴһ¡
ţæʵʦ֣֪֪ûʲôرϲĶ֮ǰҲСĵȻỹøǸȥأֿտյȥҲÿǣ룬ûʲôرϲģ
ӣͯҲΪΪΪҪ˵ʲô飬˰ȻЩŮ֮£Щ֪
⻰˵ˣСʦܰԼæԼòҲǲþܾȻʦֵĵöûӰҪôѵҲһ˵ıˣ
ţͯӺǰһȻǿ뵽ˣﻹһı֤͸֮϶ԭģ
⻰˲Ҳ˾񣬸æǿڵģϽóƣ
ͯһЦȻкһһĹкǳһĹӣ̽ͷһֻоȻһſɫʰ쵵ӣСһĲࡣ
к棬˵ʲôҲ˰ɣϾͥͥĹʲôûⶫδЩ̫˰ɣ
ƺǲ˸ɫ仯ͯӵ±ǰһۣȻôţҵĶôĻǻˡ
˵ŻҪЩ
ۼˣһЦűǸæ˵Ц˵ЦˣôῴЩأֻҼʶ٣ʶЩѣʦ֣⵽ʲô
ͯ鱦ĵӣƷζһֱǼߵģһĶ۾֮ǰû뵽飬ʱϸһЩ˹ЩֻһĻͯܿأ
ۼˣֽͯеĹӷȻִӹӣһԼţһǵݵ˸С
ֽӹӣ±ǸоһůдҲͬһů⣬ůƺֱӴݵԼϡ
о㵣ſͯӵ⵽ʲô
ͯǵһЦȻŽ͵Щѣȴһ飬Ƕ飬֮УΨĸŲĳ飬Ǳ֮ǰˮͯӵǿٵĶˣһǧŲʮŶѣЩӿǧʱռģЩӹЧأŮϵĻŮ˸ӵĹʶˣҶҲĪİ֮ǰĸʱҺʦ־һǰĸ˻ˣҪĶȥ͸ԭ𣿡
˻ͯӵĻѾϾĸֵĶһĶͯ˵ģ͸ԭԼ
˵ˣȻôõĶôԼҲøƺͺһϾǵкüٿˣЩڻͯҲûɶô͸Լˡ
ţǲ˼Ĵ˴֣Ȼʲôʦ֣¶¡


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˵ʲôЩ㶼Ҫˣ
˸νһ֮󣬻ͯӵ±һ˼˹ȥϾû뵽ȻôʨӴ󿪿ڣ
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ţͯ˵׼ʲôһҿɸ㣬ЩĽһĶ㻹Ǳ˵ˣһЩĲУ
ǵȻģȻ֪ģ
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ʣ鵱Ҳ˻ͯӵԸΪ֮ͥУûʲôòģԶͥĸֱɵȷʵûʲôȤģΨһȤģƺҲֻи˼ЩСˡ
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뵽ԺϵǱĳһЩ˼ͷΪͻȻʶ鱦֮ԻƺҪɽ½ոȳģ
һĻЩҲǿԽ͵ˣȻһΪҪ⣬ڸԣ¹ˣ
ǾΪʲôҲأֻһˣ˵һɣһ˻ɿԲģ
飬ֻһˣǾ鱦Ѿ֪Լˡ
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⨺Ĵڣʵһ飬κ˿ֹģ֮¹˼̫࣬鱦ԴҲ޿κΣԼˡ
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վ⨺Ҳ̾˿ʱ˿̵ȻѾ鱦еִǷŵܣǧ꣬ȻԼһݻǧҪνܣ
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⻰⨺ﵱǶŸɬһЦ鱦˹ȥȻ鱦𣬲֪׼ôأҲĵӣðĵӻô꣬ĵӱɽ£ôҶǿԵģɱңҲǿԽܵģΪµһѾûκεˣ
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⻰ʱ⨺ﲢû˿Ҫ뿪˼һ֣صĿ鱦鱦ǲҪȥɽĵգ
⻰鱦δ𻰣һԵԪȴǳʵΣ
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⻰Ԫǵ˵ͷݹ鱦֮󣬱⨺˹ȥȻһƣ⨺ûж໰ǸԪ˳ȥһʱ䣬ֻʣ¸鱦ˡ
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Աߵű֪ʦǲʲô˵أ
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뵽鱦ǹЦ

⻰ڸУȴЩ
һĹ鱦ǶԸ˵Ϊʦ֮ǰΪѾµݣ˭֪أȻһݣ⵹ЩΪʦ֮ˣҲգҲգ˵Щ⣬һ鵹ǿԽ͵ˣ


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֮ǰ鱦һֱЩ棬ΪʲôֻһɣȴԽ赽ôȴˣԭݾȻеľ죬첻رһ죬Ǽȫƿɵͬģ赽ǵȻҲ֮еˡ
еľ죬鱦Ȼʮֵ˽⣬Ҫ֪ľǱɽɵģǰ죬鱦һֱĸо
ڲԶŵĸȻҲˣʱѾӵ˾ȫ䣬ȻҲ֮սսļ䣬ǵԼȷʵǱ鱦ɽɵģһеˡ
ϣϣȻҶû㵽
ҡҡͷ鱦ǿɣҽһ£⵽ô£
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Ͼͥ鱦ģ鱦Լݲûʲô̫ôͥۺλʥȴδˡ
ܵ˵õ鱦֧֣л˿Ϊô˵ԼλʦҲ֮ͥһԺ˵ͥôԼֻҪϣôԼӦǰȫģΪͥЩǿǲҰģϾ翴λס鱦ǾԲǵġ
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˵뵽ʲô飬̾˿ֵΪʦ̫ԥûü־ֻӣ鲻ٷˣҲû˿˺µĵˣ
⻰˲һݣǸæݵлʦʦⷬİˣ
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Ƭ֮鱦˵֮ǰĴ㣬ҪȥֻӵģΪʦȴû뵽ݾȻеľ죬һЩðˣϾĳ˵Ļôݾͻ᳹׵ı¶ˣʱֻʲô¶ˣ»Ҹ˰ɣ
أ鲻ظãаɣ
鱦䣬Ǻ˳
ڸ鱦ûΪԼԼƫ֮ǱԼԻᱣԼģ˾ҪǲЩʲôĻòҲе˵ȥˡ
˵ˣεĿֻȥ˶ѣҪȥͷҿսǴ϶ǲֵģҵһЩҪҲ֣ϾҲ֪Ļ֮֮һ鱦ǳֵĻô鱦ȻҲǻֵģһ鱦֣λʥӲʱû׼ɾһҵĿ֮սˣ
ΪһֻӣĻô
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⻰鱦˳˼֮С
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770 ˾ȫ
ȻޣȴҲóȻĶԷҳ֣Ϊ˼Լ֮бӵޱǿ֮Щ֮ǵʵȻǿ޷ĵز
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˵ˣеĿֻΪ˾ˣΪ˺ͷҿսǴҲ֪˴Ļ֮ԼȻҲ˼ɲҳֵģ
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ȻҪģǾ˴֮û׼ͥɵ̬Ȼתأ˼о仰˵úã˵ĵ˾ѣȻЩʲ⣬Ҳ˼ˣ
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ţ鱦ǿȻд˾ģô»ճаɣҪɴҪȫں;һʱҲҪȥˣúõĴڱιɣΪʦᾡںģ
ǵ˵ͷź뵽飬ȻЩ˼ͷʦʱڱιûʲô»е˽Ҫ죬ܻܲ˵
֮ǰѾǸ˵Ҫֵ棬ɲˬԼΪˬԼ˵ĻôֻѴˣµǰɲϣʲô鷳£»ǾĽȽϺã
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ԶģСӱѾӭȻһ޵ĶϣСľٶȻҲû˵ʲôֻǸæʵ𣿡

⻰Сһ㶣źǻȻ˵Ŷԭϴ˵ǸŮİ֮ǰ͵ˣںԺأʱû˵ʲôֻ˵ѣǾˣ
ѣ⻹ЩְϾû뵽ȻǻƺԼѹϵһĻӦǸýˣ
ţ漴ǵ˵ͷȻǿСӵˣʱûû͵
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ʲô˾ȫˣ
⻰±ЩΪҪ֪˾ɲʲôһķһϵͨԳԬͨϰ˰˾֮󣬷֮ս֮ʱ˿ɵŮŽˣ
ϰ˰˾֮ʥΪͥΪǿ֮һ
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ԸɣСӵҲ˼Ƣʲôƭ˵ģϴǲŵĻھ͸ʾһ£
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ۼˣ±ֹˣˣ˻ôҾҪʾĻҲﰡҪǱ˷ֵĻǿɾЩˣȻҴȥһطôʾɣ
Щ̫飬ǿСһģƺѣҲЩˣʵΣǵõȻȥռһ˵ˣ
£Ƚɣ


771 ֵ
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Сú棬±ʵϴҪȥﰡ
ȱˣط֪ˣ֮ܶÿһЩɣȵ˵ط֮ôԣ
СӵʣʵûʲôȥشˣΪʱʱ̣ﶼŵȻҪ˵ʲôܼܲʲôҲ˵ͰѶɣʱ϶ǵ˵Щʲôġ
ۼˣСȻҲǹԹԵıͣźǴޱԾȥȻֵȥˡ
ֵ֮󣬸ֱ˺ԺȻԶı㿴һӰںԺʯԣֻ˭
˵֮ǰѾӦôӦ飬ǵ£ȴǲɵЩ
һ֮ǿԶˣ
⻰΢΢һǻعͷ
ڿϵʱǳһ˵⵽ʲôòе㲻ѧ
ֻµҲû֮ǰһɷģȡ֮ľȻһ飬ҪǣµģƺǾһĵĴ֮ģ֮֮ǰƯ˲٣
Բۣ⵽ô°
ȻЩ⣬»ǰ֮ǰļƻ׼õ˳Ȼݸ֮ǰȷʵҲԣҲٽƱЩʲôˣЩ͵Ҹɣϣ£
һ⻰ɫһ죬űֽӹ˸
ľٶȴø䲻ĳһ£ʵ˵µģǱȽϲ֮ǰý׷ɱԯڵǸģ
ֽӹ֮±Ǵ˿ȿĶʱ±ЩȵĿǲ飡ôõģ
ȻͶԶˣ
µӦ˵ȷʵʮģȻô˵ľأ
ȻЩȻҲǱһ¡
ţǿ˵ôȻȥĺȥĸˣⶫң˺þúþŴһֶĸж˼ΣԼ㱻ĸˣ
ڻҪҪһ٢ǿϻ𣿡
⻰ʱǹ˲ȥеˣֽ鶪֮󣬱ǸæһĿ첽˹
˵ʱ̣Ӧʮָ˵ĲŶԣϾһżģӦҲǹȥˣʱȴһֲõԤУΪòҲе̫Լ˰ɣ
ͺ񡭡ͺϲԼһ
иðͷǱһǸæҡҡͷܲܣҪ֪ͥĹĸ飬ݸ߹ޱȣôϲԼһССɨأ᲻ᣬ϶Լˣ
㵽û¶Σﻹһ֮ǰ̫үүĴ󻹵˰ɣкôģ
žʱĻͻȻǽʵ֮Уȵعʱ򣬺Ȼ㿴ȻǳԼǰлһöҩݵԼߡ

һʱ䣬ǳĬˡ
һĹƺǲԼ̫ЩǸæһȻſʲôûµûµģϵѾǻָˣ㲻õģǿŴ󻹵㻹Űɣ
ϰ֮ǰԼһģµλȴЩԲˡ
ʱƺҲǲԼ֮ǰľٶʵЩ̫ˣɫһӺ
һĻʱ򣬸ʱҿ⵽ô°ģ
ʱ̣ǸϽ뿪ȽϺã͵ĶҲˣҿӦǲ׷֮ǰǼˣʱܸʱ
ţæǶҵȻỹеҪ㿴ҪûʲôµĻۻ´ʱپ۰ɣ
⻰һڣǰһˣΪһ˲Ĺ֮ǰһߺͻȻɫΣɫȴǱ
һʱ䣬ͷ˵⵽ô°ôȷ黹찡ղǺúõģôһĹͻȻˣ


772 ɨǣϲ㣬ȢҰɣ
Ȼޱȵƣ⻰ɲ˵ֻСĴ
һӣȻʲô˼
ʲôʲô˼
ĺ棬ֻǿʵ˵ЩʲôôһҲ
һ⻰ɫŭվȥȻֵ˵ֵ㣬ȻǴһ𣿡
ûָʯϵ˵ⲻǶǸ𣿶Ҳˣ㲻𣿡
ʲô
⻰±һ˼ϵ˹ȥϾû뵽ȻЩ֮ǰЩ顣
ԼղŵģʱգţһվлԼǰ罣
ԲۣôղŻúõģҪ˰
о㵣ҲǸæ˿һһߺĿ˵ôİղŲǻúõôһĹҪˣɶۺú˵ôҪɱɱģ
ŭҸû̸ˣһΪΪءɨ쵰۸ң
˵һ룬뵽ʲô飬ۿͻȻһ죬Ȼе罣˵ϣűſϿ
Ȼʱǳ׵ˣΪֱڻûһеô£Ϊʲôô̵ʱ֮ڳô仯
⻹ҪǷΪʱҲûзɣ

˵Լ۸İ˵һε֮⣬۸˵ҲûǸӰҪ֪ͥĹ˭е۸
ء
ȻԼԩǺԣȴǲΪˣ޵УһҲװġ
찡Ҳĵõһ˿㷸Դ𣿡
̾˿ʯȻû˼ʯлú˵޺òðҪñ˿˵ĻΪ۸أ
⻰˲̧ͷĳŸ۸ң쵰ɨǣ

һʱ䣬ţȻſϿ
ء
ôģϻ㵱ǲèô˵Ҳеľ죬ﱻһŮ˸ӣδ氡
ĿøЩŭһĹ򣬸ͻȻ͵һʯȻұ죡ٿҿɶ㲻
̧ͷȻǿ޿˻ҭ˵ôûͥȥˣȻҾȥҸʣҴ䵽˼Ͷ̥ȥ
һ⻰ʱ˵ô£ôҪͶ̥תˣ¿ԽԽ鷳ˣ
̾˿ſˣһе鶼ҵĴ㣬㵽ҪôأͶ̥ת֮ͲҪ˵ˣֱ˵°ɣ
ʱѾûбİ취ˣֻǿ쵶նˣ
⻰ֹס˿Ȼʮί˵֮ǰðҵ飬ҵЩǶѾ֪ˣǱ׼߸ʺĸģջǱҸ
ôǸģ
ЩʵΪ֮ǰλı鿴ӦǲױסĲŶԡ
ȻһĹɫȴǺ
ӣǿڵҵ˵ɣżأ
˵⻰ϵĲԼһ裬Ȼ͵ߡ
Ȼ⻰ɫȴǸ糺Ƭ֮ƺ¶ʲôһ㣬Ȼ̧ͷҸ˵ϲ㣬Ȣң
ͣ
⻰һ˲䣬ʱѸպȵĿڲȫ˳űһ˼˹ȥ
ʱ˿̵·һܴľһ㣬Ȼɫޱȵ糺죬ȴޱȵļŸһһٵ˵ɨǣϲˣҪ޸㣬ԸȢ𣿡
⡭⡭˵ʵе̫ɶһ㡭Ͼ㡭ͥĹҡѾҡ֮ҡҡ
λøһЩӦˣʵ˵Ȼ֮ǰҲйһЩ룬ҲֻһЩѣϾɲʲôͨŮͥĹ
Ȼ⻰кһ˿ʧɫȻǿȱżľ˵ɣˣ
˵⻰ǴҴȥˣֻһ㵵ĸʯԡ


773 ʮ
ߺ󣬸˺ôһϾʵ̫ڷ˼ˣõͥȻϲһССɨǣʵЩ̫˰ɣ
ˣˣ»Ȼضʹɣ黹Ժ˵ɣϾڿԺӦǲ鷳ˡ
뵽̾˿ΪͻȻʶĹϵѾЩ˵ˡ
ȸʱСѾ׼ˣôĶҲˣҲûԥֱӱǰսռУһռУСȻҲǴΪԾûһǱˡ
˱ι֮󣬸ֱȥ鱦𣬽ûȸڣ鱦ʵֻС
ú棬Ϊ˵鱦ָСȻԬͨˣǣ鱦𵽵ô֪Ԭͨģ
ʦô֪Ԭͨģ
ţЩʵ
鱦ֻ΢΢һЦȻֵɣǸѺͶ̫ӣһɣ
Ȼ֪鱦ô֪ЩµģµҲǲ˵ЩʲôˣȻֱӱǽ˶˳
ϫһʱĻָ֮ϵѾȫˣҹΪ˾ԵʣҲٴεˡ
ȻϫСӲʶ鱦𣬵ǰҹȴʶ鱦ģһĹ򣬰ҹͻȻǰݵСμ鱦𣡡
⻰ϫС˲Ҳһűһ˼ȥ΢΢˵ͷʾûǰλ֮һ鱦ˣ
ۼ˰ϫСȻҲǱһҲǸæ鱦ȥ
鱦˰ֵɣ񣡡
һվ
ţ鱦ǿȥȥ飬Ҫ׵ںУ
ε˵Ҳ֪ںϲһһϦɵ飬пҪʮǧ꣬Ҳûа취
⻰鱦ȴҡҡͷԣԣΪʦа취
һϲæ˵ʦʲô취
鱦Ϊʦ԰һͨħսͨڹħսУʱ伸ǾֹģٶںϣҹħսУһЩΪаպҲһ£
ò˵鱦Ϣڸԣٺòˣ
Ÿƺ뵽ʲôæֵʦòðϫҹСһȥɣ
鱦ֵҪԸԸˣ
䣬Сӵ±
ҪȥҪȥҵȻҪȥˣϴͥҶҪˣҸѧ˰˾ҪһطúϰϰҪȥҪȥ
ϫҲǿڵȻҲҪȥģɱƲҰ
˵֮ǰΪ˾ȸű֮ٵ壬ȴΪҹ޷ĺôǧľȻǳΪµ塣
;ںϣҲҪ൱һʱģǰõʱ𣿶պҲһ¾жǿ
ţҹҲǵ˵ͷҲҪȥ
һȣôٵأ
ڰҹʱ򣬲ԶſǴһ
ͷһֻ˵ľȻ⨺Ҳ֪ΪΣʱ⨺Ѿû֮ǰһǱģһ˫۾䣬Ȼǻָյķɡ
ۿ⨺ߵԼߣ±һʵ磬ôˣ
⨺΢΢һЦȻǶԸ˵ֵܣԺ˵ɣԺһģ
ԾԾ϶Ծ
Ȼ֪׷ʲô⨺ôı仯ȴоЩԾ֮ǰ⨺һҪҪӣôͻȻֱˣ
Ȼ棬ǵ£ȻҲǲ˵Щʲôˡ
⨺ĵ鱦Ҳû̫ԾȻѾ֪顣
ȻˣǾ׼ʼɣ
žʱ鱦ͻȻ˵
Ǳһ˵ûиѽھҪʼҲҪ׼ɣ
һĹǰͻȻǳһƾһĶӵһһƬߵ磬Լɼһ߾ι״ʬ壬˵Ȼǹħսˣ
û˰
ε̾˿߽˹ħսУţҲ˽ȥ
ȵ˶ȥ֮鱦Ļ˻֣Ȼħսڱʧˡ
һԵˮͯӿĺ棬±ʵʦ׼ȥѽ
鱦Ҳ࣬ʮɣ
10껹
⻰ˮͯӵ±ŵͷϾǸطֲȥģһȥʮˣ
ûã鱦ǿ˵ʱ䵽ˣ
ˮͯһ㶣һʵʦ˵ʲôʱ䵽˰
鱦ʮʱ䵽ˣǳʱˣ

⻰ʱˮͯӵ±ˣΪҪ֪ǽȥֱҲŹȥ˲ӵʱѣôʮȥˣ
˵ħսʱȷʵǿһЩҲܿĵزɣ
ȻЩҲֹֻһˣһĹǿԶĵطǳһƾһĶ˵ǿ϶Ҫˡ
ʱ˿̣ˮͯӵǱ˵֪ԼʦޱߣǵһοȻҪӦԸأ
ϾڸѾ뿪ʮ꣬ԼҪ̫ĮĻҲе㲻ðɣ⻰˵ˣֻ뿪˲ӶѣԼòҲ浱뿪ʮ갡
»ЩѰˣ
ţԶ澵ͻȻţһֵֻĴű˳ˮͯӶһ˼ֵȤΪȻϳˣֻһֻӵĽţ⵽ֻӵĽžЩ˵ˣΪ֮ǰǽȥӵģ
ֻòҲЩ̫˰ɣռ˰ЩһҲ̫˰ɣѵҪѱιٵ
ˮͯʱ򣬾кǴһŭ
Ҳĵط𣿡
һĹ֮ǰֻźһû˾֮УģһΪֵĽ
һʱ䣬ˮͯЩˣΪԼǸˡ
ŷҮڳˣ
һʱ䣬һӰӴӾԾ˳ֱӱ˲ԶϣȻֱϵɹˮͯӶһŷһֻë׵ĺӡ

ţһһɫľͻȻǴӾд˳ǻΣֻ̫˭
ʮˡʮˣڳˣ
һХһ¶ðŻ˳
ʮ𣿶Ѿȥôˣ
һһֻߴĺͻȻ˳ֻӾȻֻģ˵Ȼ⨺ˣȻĻôղֻӦþͨԳˣ
һĸôһأأ
򵥵һ£ûзָӰӣˮͯӵЩţĿԶ澵˹ȥ
ƺǲʲôϳ㽶СͻȻžӺϴ㵽׳ѽ
䣬ͻȻǷһ˿ƣһ˳Ǹֻ˭
ˣȻûʲô̫ı仯·ʮʱ䲢ûһ˿ĸı䣬ȻֻǱϵѣ˵Уı仯ģȻ֮ǰûʲô̫ı仯ȴѾȫ̥ˣıԴ֮ͱ֮֮Ѿǳ׵ıںһ
µѾǳΪ죡ԲҪκεͱɾ죬ҿֹά־ģһУֻҪԸͿ
ٴλص磬Ȼһпʮˣôһ˲Ĺ򣬾͹ȥʮˣǲ׺ɣﰡ
׵ں˾ıԴ֮ͱ֮֮󣬸ѾǴﵽһ˼ĵزȻ鱦ҲЩȻΪ¸ӵеǱȵ֮սʱǸӵеǿ̫ˣ
մӹħս˸⨺֮⣬ļһﶼֻˣĺòģ鱦ȴҲֻЦЦδ˵Щʲô
ǰһ鱦ǰ±ǰݵͽμʦ
һԵ⨺ҲǸæǰһȻҲǰȥȴû˵Щʲô
ڹħսʱ⨺Ѿǽ鱦֮˸ԭ⨺֮ԻֻΪ鱦Ӧ⨺ھȳ֮Ϊͽ
Ȼ鱦ֻ˵˻ῼ飬ûоԵĴӦ⨺ȴ쳣˷ܣ˷ܾȻǳʮ꣡
˲⨺ȴ׵ģ
⨺һյӰ֮У鱦𽫴µƵĻֻһյӰ֮УҲ⨺ΪֻһӣɵʱѾˣȻʵǽɵֻʥ⨺
䣬⨺̫Ҫһˣ


774 ϲֻɨ
˵ΪȻɣ黹ҪϸĥһģڼϸѾǾʮþöûкúõϢˣ鱦漴ǸʮϢʱ䣬ȵʮ֮ȥɽȳʥգ
ͥʮ죬˼һ£һµʱڸҲǹˣ
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ʮ갡
ռ֮󣬰ϫ±Ǽ͵סĵطȥˣʮδԼĸĸˣ¿ЩȲˣСҲǸϽȥ֮ǰЩСȥˡ
ţҲռеڡ
һʱѾȫָ˹ʱ򣬷ڴԺеĻݣԶĿ˽Ƶ±Щ˵֮ǰ˵ʲôҪҪȥҶʱпܲôˣ
ֻһ΢ЦĿŷơ
һƵҲǾЩ´˸һ֮㷢ָƺǺǰЩһˣȴЩ˵
㵽ôˣ
֮󣬷̲סʵ
ûôЦѣ͵ҲںˣøʲôǸʲôɣ
ʲôش𰡣
⻰ȻԽɻűǷеĻƣȻߵǰôֵֹģǲַʲôˣǵĻͲҪң֪е飡
ŷһģգȻʮˣּˣ
ţǼ򵥵Ľ֮ǰ鶼˷ƣ֪Ȼһֵĵطʮ֮󣬷Ƶ±Щˣţ漴Щ
źЦİɣҲûܵʲô˺ʮʱұԽǿѾ֮ǰˣӵеԺʥ˿⣡
Ȼ⻰ȴûһ˿οģΪҪ֪ϾҪȥɽȱѹɽµʥˣɽǷҵĵ̣һ嶼ӲҪȥˣֻҲ׶༪ˣ
ȻЩȻҲǲ˵ˣΪ֪϶Ѿ¶˾ҪȥģȰҲȰģȻ˵Ļֺأ
ռͣһ֮󣬸Ǵŷƻص˼䣬Ͼȥôʱ䣬ҲʵЩԼĸĸˣ
һҲûȥʲôҲŸĸڼྣȻûаԼʵݸ߸ĸΪǶԣʵЩ̫ڷ˼ˣ
ռУŲٵɵټϻʱ鱦ЩЩøĸĸϺüǧˣȻƵĸĸȻҲǲˣ
Ȼܸ࣬ԺҲǻֵģҲ͹ˣ
ļʱȥһԼ˼飬ţǻص֮ͥС
鱦Լʱ죬ȴһͥΪ֮ͥУһʮҪҪȥ
飬ȻǹԼˣ
ʮǰԼ˰⣬ԼʱûиһϸĴ𸴣£ǵ˸ôʱˡ
ʱһ춯ͷһֻ˭˿̵ȴǺ֮ǰһ
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ɫҲʧȥ֮ǰɣЩ԰
ЦЦкþò
˵ͷʮĮȻ˵Ҳûãʮѣ
֮䣬ƺǳޱȵʧ
⻰ҡҡͷԣֻǹȥʮѣҶԣȴǹȥʮʱ䣬ʮУÿ֮ǰ˵ЩҶЩʹƽĶֻۣһ˻ɨǵĻôһԥĺһ𣬵ǡ
˵ţЩֹ
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ݵĳĬ֮󣬸ͻȻǿ飬˵Ҵȥɣ㿴Щ֮ͻΪʲôˣ
˵Żǽ쵽ǰ
û˿ԥֱӱǽַ˸ġ
һĹΧĿռͻȻһ˿ǳһȫİ磬һ翴񣬵ֲǸ磡
´һ֮һ˺ǳҰ֮УȵǾ˵ʱжʱЩȻűһ˼˹ȥ
ʵЩףΪʲôǸ˾Ȼ͸һģһ
ٴһ֮һеôˡ
ﲻͥҲͥһκεطȴôˣЩֺͥЩȫͬ
䣬Щ֮⣬˭أ
ۿȻе飬漴һţܵľ˿Ȼ˲ǻָ֮ǰģ
ɿ֣ǿܸ֪⵽ôһ˰ɣ֮ԲҴӦ㣬ֻΪҵݣҷǵһɣеľ죬ĸһֱѰңͼңһĿҡ
ϲɨǣɨ𣿡
û˵ʱӲĴĻ
̧ͷö۾֮ղţȴǶһޱȵļ͡
ݵĳĬ֮󣬸ǣ
ǲ͹ˣϲֻɨǣҲɨǻʲô߰ݣʲôϵͥĹҲѾˣ˾Ͳ£ںģֻǸɨǣ
˵𽥱СԴҲǵȥ
˷ǲľ飬Ҫ˵ûиоǿ϶ǲܵˣÿԼݣĺ־롣
ڹħսеʮУÿϾʱܻ֮ǰ˵ǷʱǶôļᶨ
һһϵͥĹһ붼ȥĴڣ
ʮ֮ǰ֪ô飬£ȴ֪ˣ
ţû˿ԥǰһȻһӽ˻Ҳ˵ֻ
£ƺ˵ʲôǶˣΪѾ֪˸յľ
ڣ鱦Լʱ䵽ˣڶιʱ򣬸㷢е˶ѾǵˣԪҲˣȴҲףԪӿ϶ǲһȥģԪӸֻǺ鱦ΪĻָӶѣڸԲûʲôΪĸѾҪԪӵˣ
ں˾ıԴ֮Ժ󣬸ӵ˿Ըıصı£ȫԼߴһƬʺǻ򣬲Ƭ֮УеɶǲܵκѹƵģһĻ췣ͿȻҲǻõķӣǣҪԪʲôأ
ðҹСӻаϫԼһǰȥЩһĻȰ˵Ч֮ҲֻǷˡ
ţݱ鱦֮׼ˡ
ɽͥźԶľ룬;˰أɹȥǲˣ鱦׼һ֮һռ䴫Ŷʱǳǰ
ǵţ˱Ѿ˷ҵĵؽˣȻɽŲٵľģ֮ǰ˵ǽöˡ
´һ֮СӱЩ˵ɽôɽأ
⨺͵ֻǷҵĵؽ磬ɽЩ룬ϾǷҲǳصģ鱦ܽ͵ѾʮˣҸҿ϶ҿ϶ѾǷǣһСһЩĺã
ಡ
䣬ԶĵطǴһֵ죬һӰǿٵķ˹⨺е±һ˵ǰɣȻô죿
һʱ䣬˸֮⣬˶Щ
ȿ˵ģʱ⨺ȴסˣҲüͷΪǿУȷʵһλԣλȴǳģǺһǱȻЬӶһֻϵ·Ҳò·ߵʱҲûһۡ
˵ֹ򣬸ʵӦôеģԼ֮УȴǲϾȻһ˿ϤϢɵñЩ
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ۼˣҲ˵ֻǶСʹ˸ɫȻֵСһ㣡
İɣСһ˷ܵ˵׸ôģ
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⻰뵽ʲôʵ˵ȸ޳ɵ𣿡
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˵⨺ǿȻЦЩĪ
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ţ±ֽȻλż߰ȻỹгϷҪأⳡϷǣҪⳡϷô죿
⻰˵Ŀ˿ҲûǰʵҲðΪûĻλϾҪˣǰλȻҲˣ
һ⻰ȻҲǴŭű׼ֳȥˣϾûǣԼǸͷ׷ɱأҪٵȥĻֻԼҪˣ
ţ±Ƕһţűһ˹
ֻܲһƿҪʱкһ룬һĹһӰԸ˳ȻҲһƴ˿
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ֻһƣ֪˸ղźԼƵһʥΪĴˣ˵ԼҲ׼ʥȴǲ࣡
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ȸ˵ҲһȽĽɫȴûгֵıҪˣֱӱǽ췣˳ҲͲˣ
Ȼֵʱ򣬿ȴһãΪ˵ʵҲû췣֡
һĹ򣬿ͻȻ͵̧ͷȻһֵԶĿ˹ȥ

Զģһ󱩺Ⱥ
΢΢һЦ˵ڵˣ
˭Ƕ̫һ
֮ǰȻڿϲһ˿ϤϢûϵ̫һ֮ͨ⨺Ľͣȷ׷ɱľǶ̫һɣ
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ȵ̫һ֮󣬸±ӭȥȻǰǺþòˣ
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΢΢һЦѾˣǴطҲѾˣ¾ֻˣ
˶ǴˣȻ˵أǸеɻѾǽ˿һЦ֮󣬶̫һǱɫȻԸһǵȻɰɣһһʮҪҪȥ
˵̫һνҪ飬ָȻǿˡ
˵ͷ֮󣬸±ӣţǳ˶̫һҰ֮УʱҲѷˣΪףҪôǰܼǲܵ顣
ڿǰվӣ̫һǿڵ㻹ʲô˵ģ
ҵ˵µҲûʲô˵ˣֻ㿴յϿ

̫һ⻰±ͷЦЦȴǳΡ
Һֵ壬ȻȲǷļ仨һССɱң֪ô
Һ޲ó⣬ѪĹǣֻ㵱ձֵ֮ԣ
ڣͻȻˣΪͻȻףҸú޵Ĳ㣬ǴҲŹ㣬Ϊ㷸µĴҾ޷ԭµģ
⻰˵̫꣬һǾȥһʱ䣬Ƕʱ㱻˸飬ĻǶɢˣ
ţӺһᣬȻ̱˵ϡ
̫ͨһЩΪʲô̫һô޿ˣԭǵ걳ǸˣΪ˳Ϊҵѡ˱Ѷ̫һļһЩϧˣ
ɱ˿֮󣬶̫һʩһСſǿȼʱ㻯Ϊɻˡ
һ֮󣬶̫һǻعͷȻʵϰԳ飬𣿡
˵ͷȻָָһԵСӡ
ţ̫һĿСӵϡ
Ȼ˿̣СȴЩн˵֪ԼһλûʦȴЩΪԼλʦòƢôá
ҲǶԵֻϰԳˣʦ
򵥵ĴһС֮󣬶̫һ˵
ȻЩСӻǽʦö̫һΪϾ䣬Ѿǹ¼ҹһˣиͽţҲһˡ
ţڵ֪˸˴еĿ֮󣬶̫һҲԸµļ˽ȻΪ˾գֻΪ鷳
һǰһͻȻ뵽һ⣬⨺磬һ˵ĻܰȻĵɽ𣿡
Ȼ׸Ϊʲôôʣ⨺ﻹǻشӦÿ԰ɣϾҺͷҵƤû˺ƣҲǲóȻҳֵģʲô
ЦȻǾͺðˣͷҴȥɽɣ
ļƻܼ򵥣⨺ԼȥɽȻԼĵǱɽ¾ȳգʣµЩˣֻҪȥҵעͺˣȵԼȳգһ˱뿪ˣ
뷨˵˳֮˶ʾͬΨ̫һЩ죬Ͼο鷳ģǰոƻõ˵ˡ
µȴҲǲ˵ЩʲôˣֻΪѵĴӦˡ
ţǷֳһȻ󽫿Ҳ˳ÿ췣ԼķҪ˲ǻһëɵ⨺ͷϡ
໥֮⨺ɽٷ˹ȥ
Ȼһ·ȻҲ˺ܶķȴûж⨺֣ʱ⨺Ѿɽˡ
⨺СĶԸɽˣѰյͽˣھȥǴһЩʱ䣡
Сĵ㣡
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ɽ㷢ɽ¾Ȼһž޴һ㣬ǽһø룬еĸ뻹γɽ
ʱҲһ׼ģֱӱǽ鱦Ǽ䱦˳ֻһöɫССӣΪ飬ֻҪӺԷ֣ôͿֱӴȥҵˣʮֵĺá
Ż麰˼յ֮󣬻ͻȻǴӸзȻٵǰ˹ȥ
漴ҲǸæȥ
ʱǷɵһɽ֮УȥһȻɽĽһֻƤͷĹģƺһֻӡ
ֻµδЩ̫ˡ
¼һ˿ˣеֻǽڹͷϵһƤݹ׺ƤͷˣϵëҲˣѵľһֻëһ˫۾ޱȣ˶ûз֡
ȻҪģǹᴩŵסùǵĴˣӿȻһͨ̾ߡ
õʥգȻ䵽һأ
̾˿֮󣬸Сագѣȥˣ
⻰յ΢΢Ļζһ£Щǵ۾
ȿǰĸʱձʮֲмЦôţξȻǻ˰ҲҲգôĥҪһüͷͲʥ
ۿԼæǽ͵ˣҲǷҵˣ鱦µĵӣȥģ
鱦
⻰һ㶣һĿֲʶ鱦ΪҪĵȰ
һʱ䣬Щ


776 ʥ
յʦʱ򣬲֪ʦʦ鱦칬ʱҲ֪黹֮⨺䷢ֵģһĻҲǹֲˣ
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⻰ǻǵ۾кһ˿⣬һĿ㵽˭Ϊʲô֪ʦ֣
ձʦɨسŵʱʦйһԼǾǴκ͸¶ԼʦţȻҲ飬⵽εȵѣʦδɼȻ˵Ļǰ֪µģ
һɻģҲûʲôȥˣϾѾɽĵؽ磬ǷҵĴ£طʵյǵøϿ뿪У
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⻰˵ֱףв׵ĵ⻰ĶУȴΪϾû뵽Լλʦõ֮һ鱦
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Ȫˮֱ͸ո齵ƤĹͷѪҺƤʱǰǳһֻߴ͵ĺӡ
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ڶ֮ǰһĿյʦ֣ҪεĿĿɲǴս𣬶Ϊ˾뿪ǧҪսȻҪǺҲץסˣôʦǲŹģ
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ۿյĽ𹿰Ҫ⨺Դϵʱ򣬸±ץ˹ȥһĹͻأʧˡ
֮ǰΪ̫żȻǽ⨺ˣҲûʲôʱͣԾͽոռˣʱ򣬻ڱȽϺá
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µȷʵ͸֮ǰĲ࣬ڳķҸ࣬Ǵͼλǿķȴûг֣µȻЩңվûʲôӡ
̫һ췣ΪΪǿĹϵһ˱ԶԸˣڰϫСӻаҹȻʮǵΪ𶫻̫һ˵ǲһЩǼ˶ΧһԿ˵ġ
ܵ˵ķչǴڸĿ֮еģεҲ쳣˳ѾȵԼҲûˣʱ߸ʱأ
ţ漴˴ˣˣѾȳˣǴеĿҲˣǸϽˣҺ췣ڻǣ
⻰̫һȴǲˣôҪˣǴɻûأ
Ϊ˵ǰɲΪ˴ܵģֻΪ˾˶ѣѾȵˣȻҲҪˣ㻹Ǹһ뿪ɣҡ
ްӷ𣡡
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ţ룬漴ǽϫҹСӺ⨺ﶼսռУϾµⳡսѾʺˡ
ٴ̧ͷʱ򣬸ͻȻǿԶһ쳣ߴĽ˹Ǵֻ˭øЩɫȴ쳣ŭʵǲһеģ
ƺеɻ󣬶̫һ±ǽ͵ⲻֻ߷еһ߶ѣҪˣɱҪײ
˵⻰̫һҡһ䣬һ˱Լǿڶ˹ȥ
ްӷ𣡡
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ţӱĵط˹
ȸ췣±ǳȥȻʼ
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ţ̧ͷԶ˹ȥȻԶĵط߽˹
˵߽ȻҪԸˣ
ҲãҲҵжǿأ
˵⻰֮󣬸˲Ǵ߶ڵһĹһǵɸߣ֮ǰޱȾ޴ɽ˿ǰҲһССѶѡ
ȥɣ
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ء
ء
ţֵ߽ͻȻǱһȭˣ


777 Э
һ£˵ܵ޺Ƕ˵ˣںǽ򶷵Ķ̫һˣ
˵֪˸ʵݣҲ֪ԻΪ죬һȭЩ̫˰ɣҪ֪ȻķҲǿԼվʱڶ޷ȡʤǸһȴһ˲ɵ
һﵽжǿ
Ȼк棬̫һȴ˷ܣΪףԼһˣԽǿȻҲԽõģֱӰɽȵϡãҲԸˣ
֮󣬸ʵǳ׵ı¶ǰȻµĸҲǸںˣΪҲڼƻ֮еģ
֮ǰ鱦һļƻƻǹغ˸ԼɵҲǰƻġ
Ȼƻ֮пûиս顭
һĹɽ֮ϺһӿںͶ̫һսĽɢӰˣһʱ䣬һŵɽ˹ȥ
Ϊ˭֪ǴҪˡ
ӵеҪһǴ´ģҪ֪ҿɲֻдһ棬ȼƹŷδ𡢹ȥһʮĽɫΪ˶٣ҪЩһϵĻôЩŲסˣ
췣ǿԶսеһλ̫һͿһҲԶһλЩ̫ˣҪ֪ԼµѾˣҪ뿪Ǹƴ
ްӷ𣡡
ʱһ𣬽ţ˲Ҳǻһɵľ˳˸ǰ
ۿŴˣ̫һ漴Ҳŭһͺ¿ΪֻԼ𣿡
˵⻰Ҳҡһ䣬ҲǻһɵľˣǿڶȻҲ仯
α֮ȻӲ٣ӦȴǱóٻЩԸ漴ǷԸڶ̫һߣ췣Ȼػˡ
Ŷ̫һĺǳ⣬ҲֻǵĿ򶫻̫һ̫һô˵ҲһۣôȴһˣҲ¶ݣ
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ްӷ𣡡
⻰˲ǵһţ˵飬ǱģʵǿԼģµҲǶ˵ˣȻѾɱˣôĶԹҲǳ׵˶ˣ뿪ɣ
̫һ˵ʲôĴڣһҪǷҲǲöԸģرǿڶӣҪǱײһµĻЩԲļһﻹǾߵĺá
ԣµĶ̫һȴû뿪Ĵˡ
ͺ¿˵ôϻʲôҪ뿪Ļסӽ컹治ˣ
̫һ˵ţһԼĶӣһʱһ쳹ص˶Щվסˡ
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Ȼ˵ʱɫƣȴǲƱɱ⣬ɽлмλǿķûгˣԼǵøϽ뿪ĺá
Ȼ⻰ȴҡҡͷԴȱΪʩݾͶʩʩ˽ɽ˲ôĶָô죿
ϼһûû˰
ŭһ䣬˵ô죿
ʩأɽסһʱɣ÷𷨻ʩϵ

һ⻰ȴЦȻˣ˰ɣҪҲȥҵʦҪЩʱĻȥ˰ɣˣˣҲûʲô˵ˣˣ
˵⻰漴Ҫ뿪ˡ
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ս˶ķͶ̫һ˿϶ǲеģڸҲкУд˿Ȼǵˡ
һĹ򣬾ڸԶĵطͻȻǱ˺˿ţһĵͻȻǳǰ鱦ֻ˭
鱦ʱɫ˲Щţ˳Ծַˣţ˴˳Ȼ̫ϵԭʼ
ӣȻǴˣ
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ҲǱһϾ֮ǰļƻӦֻ鱦һ˶ѣôȻˣĪ鱦Ѿе鶼̫ϵԭʼ
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˵⻰ʱ鱦һȻĿǰһɷ棬λʥˣȴÿˡ
Ǹްղ˵ֱӴֱ޷ԭµ飬Ҫ֮µģ˭֪Ȼˣһһ
һߵЩöˣΪĶֵĻԼһǱɵģϾ̫ǿˣͥˡ
ΪһֻӺ͵ҷʵֵ̫ˡ
ţɫ˲ǻָ֮ǰһƵģȻλ
һĻʱ򣬸㶼ҪЦˣΪ˭óµʵǺģʲô취أҵңڵǰָЩʲôأȻк޵ҲֻܹԼ뿪ˡ
ʱ˿̣ЭҲûİ취ˣ
λټˣл
ЦŶ˵仰ת뿪ˡ
̫һȻ̫뿪ǽסȰ˵ҲŸһ뿪ˡ
ʱ˱ǻص˶ʹУ򵥵Ĵһ飬ͻȻǴ˸
֮УϯضվǵǰĽе飬ȻЩֻǽ̫ϵԭʼģϾ֮ǰѾǽе鶼鱦
֮ƺΪ˸ԼλһԲľţ˵ʦλʦӺģֻǿϻȥѣһĿԼЩΪĶֻܻȥѣʦλʦ԰ӣ
˵⻰±ǰȥ
ݵĳĬ̫֮ϵǿڵˣѾ֪ˣɣ
⻰һԵ鱦±ǿڵôʦӦˣ
̫ϵ鱦һۣȻֵ㶼ˣܲӦ𣿵ȻȻģ
һԵԭʼҲεҡҡͷʦܰѵ취̫ðЩ𣿡
鱦Цλʦַģ²ʲôӵģȻỹҪλʦֶһˣ


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