==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================
ɱ
ߣƮ

£Ȼѹӣʫ˫к㣬Ů󸾸ĵ
ڰУѪĴ̿ͣʲôݣ˳ۣһֱĨɱ


һ Ш
£Ҿƣˣ
΢һֻľƺԾУССľƱ˲Ϣ㱻ע
ԱһƯ˲֮ӵŮˣµӴЩ˵įŮ˳Ĭţһԣû̧ͷ࿴һۣ·һ̣ΨһܹעģֻֻľƱ
㲻
Ҳ֪˶ãŮڿڣͬС
ȻһЦ̧ͷɨһŮǹٴа䱸ŵľ֪ģǣסҡ
ŮľһľӢһԶһ棬ڴ˿̣΢Цǰȴ·𶼱ߵСӡ
û˳ԷԣΪ˶֪˵ʵ
ΪɽΨһĵӣֲĴ̿ͣʸš
ǹ¶Сڷɽͷͷ˵Ƿɽһӣԣҵ֣ͽз硣
¶һ˿׷֮ɫ̾Ϣͷ˵˶ϲ㣬ǾһҪ˶㡣ԡҳ˴̿ͣ
ˡŮĬĬڣȴû̧ͷߣ˾йȻȨ£ֻҪ룬Ҳʱȡû˲㡣
ҲôԳЦţעŮˡ
Ůû̧ͷ
֣ȵһƣľƺ
׷ʣ΢Цż䣬ͷ˵ֻ˵һؾ磬ԡֻһ̿͡
أŮȻЩ棬Ѿ˫ˣֻǵһؾ磿
֮ڣ޵У
΢΢ҡͷ׽˸֣ĬȻȴδͣ˸֣Ƿһɵı־ѡ
ͷ˵ʱⱲӣҲлȥؾˡЦЦ˵
Ϊʲô
ΪʲôȻǵãԼҲʹͷͷδش𣬲ڷѾԼЩˡ
ΪԼѾվ۷ˣ֮ڣ޵У⻰ɲ˵˵ѡ
겻ŮҲͲʡ
΢Цٱȵ˵ڶơ
ͷ˵̿;Ҫд̿͵ӣԣѧѧݣαװǣ壬ҽѧѧС¶
⣬Ů˵ֲ΢΢һȴվû̧ͷ
ҵմѪҲڡΪͷ˵ΪԼŵģ̿ˡ
ɱ޹ɣŮ˵ȻЩм
ɱ޹ЦЦ국ҵô
ŮˣȻ
ɱˣҪɣ¶һ˿⣬ȻɱˣֻΪɱ˶ѡ
򵥵Ļشȴ͸һɺεǿһ˿į
ͷ˵̿ǹ¶ģû֪ҲûС飡
͸һ˿һ˿ɫѪȴȻЦ
ٱ֣û˿Ĳ¶һ˿飬ĿŮ
ҲһϸĴ̿ͣҲһѧԣǵͷĻȴĪİһŮˡ
Ů˵΢΢һ٣ЩЩ԰ס
Ѿ֪ˣ
Ů̧ͷ¶ǵݣǿɬ롭ʹ
ŮĿǺɫĶѪµģȻף־綾ʱʹ࣬κ˷ʹ
ǣֱڣЦЦ˲ã
˵ˣǴ̿͡סŮ˵֣񣬡̿ҪϵĵһξǶûܸһ̿¶ԣ㲻𡣡
жֻΪҪж˶ѡŮ˵Ե
֪жΪʲôΪʲôҪȥŮ˵¶һ˿ʹ֮ɫ촽ڲ䱻Լҧơ
겢ûлشҲҪشΪŮס
˵ɱˣҪɣȾƣҲͬҪ
ȾƣֻΪҪȾƣֻΪľƣ
ɫĶѪ˳ʣɢϢϵ΢ЦȴȻû˿ı䡣
㣬Ըô
꾲ĿŮˣ·ֻѯʣǷҪһȥԷһȥ֣һȥӰһѰ
ҡ΢΢һͣŮ˵¶һ˿֮ɫȴûлش
ҲҪشˣˡ
Ըһģײ롭ף룡
ʫ飬ͷŮ˵Ĵһǣûһ˿Ϣ
Ѫɫӣʢõ塭
Ů˵ؿڣһѵذףذ֮£һ޵õ壡
Ǵֱ̿ͣһ̣ҲȻǴ̿ͣ
ҲȻǴ̿ͣ


һ һ Ѫ̿ͣ
ҹž
¹ˮ͸Ӱ£䡣
뿿ϣѪ˳ǰ˿ʣȴֻ΢΢۾·Ѿ˯˹ȥзӵļ糱ˮӿĥ
ڷִһŮںģѾǿ֮ĩȴȻδһȴ
Ůɫ˿ȹȾŰ߰Ѫ˫ƺҲȻʧȥɣֻǾǿҪ촽һԡ
С㣬αأҲСģʵڲĿﰡ˰ֹ֣߼˵׷ɱΪ׵̧̧ƤһǾ仰ֻҪѶҸһ
죡ܼȴ˶𱨣磡ŮǰĻǳ⣬˿⡣
͸һ˿м֮⣬ɿݵƻ̧𣬵һӵūˣȻڣҲûʲôܹ˱ָʹ˻ԼбȽϺá
΢΢Ĳϵ֮УȴȻһǿС㣬˵һΣѶңС㣬ЩɱֿɲʶС㡣
룡ŮȴҲвȣ߬һᣬҵĶȻˣҲ䵽ͽС
ƺвҡͷС㣬֪ЩʱҲһݳ޵ͷŮˣ
޳ܣ
⻰һȴȻɫ䣬Ҳ֮ΪҵĶŮǱЩ裬ȴҲ޷˫۰
ƴˣҵĻĿѣ˫ĿǻҪ裬Ѿȥƴˡ
С㣬ˣūǸҩʦֻҪҲͬ⣬˵ġ¶һ˿̵Ц⣬첻׳ɱﵡ
㣡һ־֮ȻͷңȴվҲ˵һ
Ǹһ£ֻʣո˭ңᰴؿڵ˿ڣ΢΢üͷվֱ壬ƽڡ

һ˲䣬˲һҪѪĳ嶯ֹͷȻʳͷ⣬Ӳջ˰ɣ
û˻شôƤû̧һ£һ˵ѵϵĿףˡ
ʣôС㡣Ϊ׵ĻĿһ۷磬ǳ
΢΢һһ̣΢ȻһѪֿۣǸ˵
ЩˬĿ˿˫֣ƺܲһûն¶ԷԴƲƲ죬ǻûشңո˭ң

һ˲䣬ȫһƬ˶ľٶŪԺˡ
һǰһߵģ
ʣСһ㲻㾹ȻҲҪ֮ôƽʱƾڵ̬ȣɱˣǸոһȴдһĪĿ־壬ոֵһСӣƺЩһˡ
̫ѨеҵļУϡǵãƺô¡
룬ʼ磬ô£Ҽǲˣ
ʵģ˵ģɲǷԽߡ
ʧ䣿
һ˲䣬˶Щˣһﱻˣ֪ôģȻʧô
ƨҵĻҵˣҲҵĹʧķϣҿԭðʧڣСô΢΢˿˵
ۣ
ѪȻת֮䣬Ȼһͷ­
ɵB
ôƵжûУȻҶԼȥģūʹʲôˣҹģҪǣѾǿ֮ĩʣʵȻţֱһǡ
ֽͷ­ӵͷ·һƵģ۾ûգһ£˵ˣֿǸ˵
ǰΪһĴ̿ͣ籾֮ˣ˸ֿ֧ʹ
̿£ǷǶԴһģȻǴԽˣӣȴҲȻδйָı䡣
ֻǣ˹ϺֶΣȴҲ˲ڳ˶סˣ
˵ЩˣЩɱ֣Ҳһ󷢺λֱɱ˲գ۵ħͷ
ãСֵɱ¾֪ûȤɱˣƤ΢΢һЦſڵ
ɱˣ
һ˿мȴѹûд˼ΪĴ̿ͣʲôɵɱ֯ˣǼΪмģɱֵĽڰ֮Уɵߴ齨һʲôɱˣԼĲô
֮ǰƺӦҲҵˣô֮ǰǴ˵Ұɣָڽϵ˵絭ȻЩɱ֣˿顣
ᣬֻѣһоɱҵĻʵǸҲЩ˼ɵģʱȻԸ֦æ͵
ã΢΢˵ͷһӣת֮䣬гȴȻһĺۼ׼Ĵһɱֵࡣ
磡
ӳ̶ֵ̲̲1ʱ䣬ȵ˷ӦʱǺɱ
̿ͳ֣ͬҽǣ޼ѰֻҪܹɱˣʲôֶζã
˿ǷΨһȴƫƫܺɵİѳ
̿ͳ֣һɱɵһŪ˴սٻغϵģԸ̿ûκιϵ
΢Ц֣絭Ȼ˵ǴһȡһҲ㹫ƽ¾ʹ˽ҹ
ӣ
һ̣ЩˣЩɱ֣жһͷȴҲͬòΪ֮𺳣˺ֶΣֱ
ŷƺûй˼Լ˼ɫȻԼ棬նɱԼ£˹ֱǳӣ
ԣû˿η壬Ȼŵ΢Ц
Ƿ¶˿⣬ѾɱˣȻƫƫ޿ֵӣ˼ɣ׳֡һεĿеĽϴΪǰСӵԭ򣬶ʧܣǲǵòʧ˷һۣźһˣʹȥҿԵʲôû
Цһ£ȴҲپȻת
һѾɵͷˣĵȴʵڲһ㣬ոɱˣƸɾ䣬ʵȴҲѾǷܹļˣ
͸ĵףֺγܹ͸ͷˣڶ֣粢ûʮİա
ҲûʲôⲻҲûʲô˵ģ
ڷ˵취ȰЩļе顣ݼ䣬磬ȻͬģԼһȫʵƺҲԶԶ޷ߡ
һȣڷ׼뿪ͬʱͻȻ˹
ӣСŮΣڵϦ빫ӳպк񱨣
ԭѾ˾ȻĳȴǶʱþһ˿ʱ򣬷η뿪Ȼˣǣ취ԷǱһ
ɱ˻С֮ȣǾͼֱֵһˡ


һ ڶ 羢˲ɱ
СѾͷ̴ĵͦáŲ΢΢һͣȻһЦȴͷûлء
պк񱨣ԵĿװ
ˣ빫ӾңķӦν죬ת֮䣬̬ȴǷŵĸˣĵǸʯҲ˺ľܾ
ҪʲôɣңҾһ裬絭
ʲôڴ̿˵ͬļֱЦȻװĿһٱҲǰ״
⣬ɫʱһ䣬ϴҲѧ費⴫ϴȣԸ
ѻ˵ЦôǸûȤ
ûŮȻǱһĴҲ˿Ѷãǣڷ˵ΪһɵŮƴǴЦ
ŮʲôֻҪǮʵʲôŮҲ
ûڣͱľܾεͨ죬˵աֻʱȴ˿ұֳġ
ȻǾһɣ˵֮䣬ͻȻЦɫ̡
˵֮ǰ֦ôڼȻҲŽϴǾ;ݲˡ
ƾôȻתЦЦĿŸ˫ָڱü֮Ǽ
׳գһмĳոջδ㣬ڣûɱɡ
·Ϊӡ֤Ļ˲䣬ߵĻʱһԵʹ
ж¶ϣʱҡƺˣĸоһӿͷֻ޲źá
һеϣһ̶飬ʣµֻ޾ĺڰ
ߣ
ǿ͸һߣ΢΢һȴδ£ң㻹ö໨˼
˵ˣһǸҩʦϴһ˿⣬ҡͷԵ̾ϢʴķɫζΨһȱǶԷһ㣡С㣬ô

ɱǣɭȻȴȻһЦеӣˣɱ˵С㣬ҵǧҪôˣǿɾ̫ϧˡ
ɱңСҳķϣɱҰɣʹı۾̲ס䵽ЩɱֵУʲôĺֱ붼롣
֪ڣαص̾Ϣһ漴򷽴ȥ㣬ҵûССͣȻص֮ɱ㣬Ҳϧ
ĮĶŸһԲȻСȲȻ΢ȴѽڵ״̬һɶ
ϧС̫ݶʹˣӿСˡҿɲ㣬Ҳգ·ɡ΢ذ״л룬¹֮£͸һĨ⣬̵۾ۡ
ԼĶҩʮģ֣˭˿
˵֣һĸ֣ͰԼɱ˲֪ٴˡ
һû΢΢һΣʱ˵ϣ̲ס̾ϢһĿ
飡飡
ĽŲͬصĹһǼڷϣѹֵ˴

ΧĲҽڶϢ֮䣬ЩȴǼȻ¾ŨصѪζ̵˼Ż
±ӣʵʵ˰ɣҫߵǰеذỮ׼Ĩ򷽴ʺ
飡
ǵͬʱƵͻȻԭĵϵķ磬жʱһâͷܿذ׵ͬʱһȭ
羢
ֲͬɽ˲䱬һУ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ͬߵķݰԶԶ׷˳ȥڿб̲סһѪϸ۲죬ͻ֣ᷢһѪ֮УЩƬ
¶
ΪһĴ̿ͣҪѧĵһξǶҪܱ˶Ƿ粻֪Ѿ˶ٴˡ
һһ֣Էڵʵ»δǸĶ֣٣Բôɴɱ
һеǰᣬȴǾԲ÷
ı˰죬ĿĲһܹ羢Ļô10ķɣڽ£÷ɱһж֣
̿ͣڵģѣ־Ǿɱ
ȻʵԶһǷļȴû˿۵ģ10Ĺһֱ˸
˲ɱ
û˿ͣͣһ̣Ȼ֮Ȼ׷˸ʬ壬ɵĶذףɱʣЩɱ֡
һĶ䣬û˿˼ʱ䣬ȵ˷Ӧʱ򣬷ȻȰٴɱˣ
ذ֣˾ͬèҹɫϢԾȺ֮УĮո
ߣ
Ҳ֪˭ȺһΧЩͱƵɱǣʱһɢ˿ȥûһ˸뷽
˲ǿ֪ǿǷ۷壬ֻһ̤ĸ֣˼һɱˣ˭ȥ
¶һ˿֮⣬ȴҲȥ׷ɱЩˣذףһȥ
ô˼ݣҲʱյսƷˡ


һ  ԵȵĽף
Ӿң
ۿŷתٴһ˿ϣŷ磬
ⶾ죬Ȼͻָ糣ùᣬƽĻش
ϴ
ַֻ˼УĿͲΪ֮һ˵ԭֻĵַѣôһ̣ȴⱾոյֵؼΪɽӣ۽Ȼǳ˿Ա⣬Ǵһ׵жϳмֵ
ŵ˵һּ˵幦мصķʽܹں̵ܶʱ巢̥ǰı仯ּ˵ķʽǷ֮ǰδŵģƻ֮ϸȴƺᡣ
ͬʱУԭļҲٴӿģ÷˼
ֱһ̣ףһߵ磬ǿܹݵأɽЩһȴֻС˵͵Ӱм
һ˲䣬ȴȻˣ
һѾվ۷壬Ƿŵ磬ȴҲǲ߶ѡ
սϴļأֻҪݹ޳ɣ̤߲֮ͬն
Ժеļ䣬ȴͻȻһּ˷ܵĸо
ͷ˵ʱôأ
ӣ
˼ٴαϣ粻üͷ΢Щɨһۡ
ͷĻɫı仯ҧҧ촽ٴοڵɱ˵ʱٴ׷ԸԽϴΪ꣬빫Ӿҡ
û֮ǰֻܾΪ֪۽ؼһѡ磬ϣ
ҾȹһΡǴһ˿ζЦ⣬˿ΪңѾˡ
ϴѾ֣ȻΪѾֵĳͺͶԷס
һǼٵģ·Ͳµ˷⣬򶨵׳ĵƣηӭ˷Ŀ⡣
Ŷüͷһ羲Ŀ裬ƺںһĿŶȡ
һǼαģϿûκ⣬ǣϸڵطȴжദǰʧܣ⵽ɣѪ
Ȼһ˿âȻ裬С㣬ĪΪֻɱ˵˻̱ô
Ͳʲôˣ̿͵ģѶƹֶΣͬҲǱ޿Ρ
ܹĸоĵɱ⣬ҲɷĻֻǣʱȴݲˣˣ
ҧ촽˵Ҷٸһݼٵģɱʾǡ
һȴǶʱ÷Щԥˡ
ûֱܷܹķϴĻͲòò
Żˣٴοڵܴ뿪ɭ֣ԸΪ֤
ĬƬ̣絭ھ͸汾򣬴գ
ӣǿ˰ڲģʲô߰ĶģǰֶšҪɷϴҲϣڶԷĳνĶ֮ϡ
ܵļᶨвٴһЦٴòȸϰ벿һԱ֪٣
û˵꣬ףҲǶԷĵˡ
ŮҲɵԼȻҲԼⱾһףң˫ƺûʲôԡ
Ƭ̣ͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⣬΢ЦԣһһңҪ壡
һ˲䣬ʱ͵ͨ죬жûһûзأֱ޲ҧ޳ܵĻ쵰
ոҲ֪˭Բѵģ˵ԼûȤھȻֳ֮Σ޳ܵ
һͻƵؼѵùôҧʵ
ʼ磬˫Ȼڱ󣬡ѡܾȨ
&*&##%
ɱˣǧٻˣȫʬ֡
ǽûǣźһʼ˫ĵλͲƽȵģΪ䲻
ȻĺɫǣܹŮһѹǾԷǳġ
ͬǴ̿оĿ֮һ
ڸʬϷ˼ƿƿ޹޵⣬ɨ˼ۣڴһֻƿһҩ裬ЦеĿ裬ȴû˿˼
ҴӦ㣡
˵仰ʱãԼƺױˣû˿̧ͷһ۶ҡ
΢ЦԽĲ


һ  壡
꣡
ѵ뿿¿һУѾ𺳵˵ˣպ۵Ļĵһη塣
ΪҵС㣬ȻϴЧս֮еĽ壬ΪʹġҵӵյĽǾϸѡңÿһյķҲϸĻ֡
ǣһȴǸûи߷ģ
Щ͵ıнޱȣԴ壬ʹвͻᵼ½
Ȼȴȫ֪
2СʱѹûֹͣƬ̣ϵȡЩ֮еĽЩѣ
ӴĽ壬ֱģһֻѾˣǣȴƫƫ·޲һ㣬ԭأüͷδһ¡
һ̣Щںͷˡ
ۣ
ߺ˼ͬʱȻһƾâһɭȻ絶һ̣ȻһѪ
ȻͬʱѪģзڵʡʲôǼ壿ڷУǾսļޣȻƼޣȻôܴﵽ壬̥ǵЧ
ʹ죡
𣬷ںĻһ壬Ц
̬ŷǸûûεӣֱ޵⻹ǲ˰Ȼʹ죿
ֽմѪ·ѵ˲ϵѪӻʬϰһ·ϡ

ѹûй˼С˼ô滻·ʱͨ죬˳гŷһͨ
¶һ˿Ц⣬ڵ٩͵뿴ſУҲǮ
޳ܣյļڻ̲ס˳
˸ָȻҿԵڿ佱ô

ǵı죬޳ܵļһﶷ죬Ǹ޴֮ѡҪǣҲļŭ硣ȻҪ̬ҪռԼô죿
žž
ͷһ죬ٺøеһˬ壬Ȼ鴫ʹ˼£ЧȴҲĺáշĹƣһ˵Ѿ˿һˣȻĲͲǶʱֲܹˡ
ôߣ·ɡ˺ôȻҲûзڵ˼Ĵߴٵ
Ļϰ벿ǴĴ壬°벿ĹؼҪ̤죬ͱҪõ°벿ϣ
һֱߣԼ200ңȥ³ˡ΢΢һ𣬷ƺʧˣҲ٣ʱǲҿɵġ
ɭ֡ɭ֣ƺҲȫɣļ仹Щ飬ֻԼǵúûô򵥡
ֻҪޣһ㲻ʲôΣաŷ粻αӣĵĽ͵ֻΧ޵ļʲ󣬵ȻϵĻûֱ߱ȽϺáһЩʵǿǿߵġ
ԼСģùңΣգȻ֡һ·λҲ裬ǰȥ
ȵȣʲô˼ۼܵƣʱЩˣ󺰡
ģ껹ûõ֣ҲġĻһ䣬䣬ѾʧߵС
ι㲻ܶң쵰Ҫɱ㣡
200ûȤɵĴԱӣֲ̿ǱڣǷϰߡ
氵ɱôֻҪ˸аսԷ
ڰ֮еĴ̿ͣ㹻빥ԣ
˵ôģǾȫڷ翼ǷΧ֮ˡ

ǻسǵıؾ֮·ֻҪغ⣬Ͳȥ
ĮµĻ㱨ͳ쵭ڵǸϷ˾ˣǣϴһαҪõ֣ҲκνֻͣҪ
ǣͳ죡ðһ亹ɱæӦ
ȥɣҲϣлǰ
żɱ뿪ͳЩ̫ѨԶиӵĶడͻȻðĸ֣Ȼɱ۷ǿߵʵ¾Ҳһ֮ң˰ɣ
ˣҵѾʼɣǵʱ䲻ˡ
ϹʲôӦĬƬ̣ͳʵ
ϹδȻ뿪ң˵Ѿظˣû˺ԡ
һ죡һ֮ڣһ顣סȭͷͳڵ
۷壬Ȼֻһ֮Ȼʵϣȴ֮һֳ֣ɾ鷳ĶˣϾԼҲǸո̤쾳ѡ


һ  Ӿƭ㷴Ϯɱ
֨
ڿ֦֮ϣ֨죬Ȼ󣬵ȴЩѪɱ֣˲Ϣ֮䣬лĺӰϢ䵽ǿ֦֮ϣĿ˸ɿΧһС
Сģ˲䣬Ϊ׵ĺɱ־ͷӦ˹ʾ
Ϊɱ֣ȻỳԼ˻ֵͼĴôΨһĿܾǶԷֶ쳣൱֡
ϧķӦһµͬʱһɱֵʺ͸һ˿Ѫۣһҽб˲

һ˲䣬ʣɱֵж͸һ˿η֮⡣
ֱͬûֶܷԷӰӣ龰ֱ޷󣡾Ҫεȿֲĸ֣˸ɾɱˣ¶˿м
ԭص˽ӣΪǺ̲סСߵͬʬǰ徯ķ˿ڣͼһ
ʺλã¶һ˿ڣһû˿ڷ·ûܲһ˿쳣Ľֻ룬ͷƤ顣
ߣ
ĬƬ̣Ϊ׵ĺҧҧ
ôһζѾû·ˣɱҲɱĿ꣬򣬾ŻȥҲѲͳĳͷ
ֻǣһ̣һǵصľбȻӿͷΪ׵ĺ˶ʱоԼѾȫܿˣ˵վһСָˡ
жˣ
һ˲䣬ͷȻֳ÷ȥ֤Ѿȷˡ˫Լ͸һĨɫ˳ֱۿɼٶȫӿ
ߣ
һ̣Ϊ׵ĺеĿ־Ѿ޷ˣɱô꣬Ҳû˹İɱȻ˵ɱоûиֻ֣ǣ̶ֳܹȵЩ֣ѾͲСܹӴĵˡ
ӣжԶӶԶǴ˿Ψһͷˣ
ֲĶֽ棬ֱһ˿һʤ㡣
Ǹǿ߲ˡ
һƵ̾Ϣô˵һϲ˿֦Ҷĳ˵ǰذ͸һ㺮⣬ɱȻ
Ŀһɱжʱ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫôҲ벻ͨôһôܹͬһǵĸ֪
ȻҲûȤЩ˽ͣʲôӾƭذ㶯ּͬľչѪɱ
Ϯɱȷи򵥵Ķ࣬ЩȻ˵ɱ֣ʵϣɱļȴʵ̫ˣһһܹרҵѵֱǱ뷴ϵļɿ¶ҪǳĶࡣ
ο籾Ĵ̿ͣαװֶαǴʦġ
㹻׼ڣ綼аյ˵ʧͬһ˵ɭȻαװˡ
˵ˣùԼΧĻƭ۾ѣǱɫһȻ߼αװǱҪͬʱԼϢģǱȱɫαװɡ
磡
ذףƺЩΧŨصѪζӣ˸磬һ㣬ʱٴʧ֮䡣
ǰ治ԶԷŭһձ꣬ɻĻ쵰СĹ۲ΧĻǰš
Ȼ֪ʱ򣬷ѾϮɱ׷ɱ֣
¶壬ֶα˸飬ֻҪܹɱˣԼαװʬ壬ŶԷԼ˿ڡ
̣һ·ֻҪ̤빥Χûһܻӳȥ
ڼ䣬һֲֻޣǷӦ죬ԶԶƿֻ˵Ѿɵˡ
ȻֻԶԶһƳȻȴȻܹĸоĵֻ޵Ŀֲŵ˵һԼȫʢʱڣޣҲûбʤİգڣһʤ㶼С
ֵͬսôòϣһ̣ӿȴη壬˷ܣ

ͻȻ֮䣬Ȼһ˿ףһĪΣϮͷû˿ɣһֱֽܵ
˿ֱʵԣΪһԵĴ̿ͣûĴҲ˶á
ͣ£
ǰȻ͸һɱĶǰ֣ذĴл䡣
ͻȻֵķһʱܻĵһ·Ӱļһ޷޵Ŀڡ
ԽһƬ֣ò˶þܳ뿪ɭˣ費Щջһ·ȻûһΣգ֪Լαظôһæ


һ  ս죡
˼ԺʵȻܹҵĴڣ԰ˣϷʵȻͬסĲһ㣬Ů˵Ĳ˿־壡
˫ָڱ󣬺ͳ̤֦ϣĮȻӣɱ
һ˲䣬ͫȻֲȴԽǿˣ֦Ͳܳһ˵˵˾ĳ̶ˣԭֻӦôڵӰС˵еĳôȻǰɲ÷粻ˡ
죡
˲䣬оͷ
ǿߣɬĴӿ³һ֣͸һ˿֮ɫ·ʧȥľżһʧȥһη
ңȻǿ֮Ĳ࣬һ޷ԽǵͲСܹġ
Լ˶ϰɣҸһȫʬȻɨ˷һۣͳ·Ķˡ
սذףû˿η壬ü֮䷴һ˿޷ε˷֮⣡
ΣգûȻԼԷʵżĲ࣬£ĻᶼУ˵ǾҲ˿ţ
ǣΣˣԼǴ̿Ͱڴ̿˵ʵԲǾΨһأ㴦ھҲл
̿ͣʲôʱ¹Σգ
һ̣·ֻصˣո뿪ɽʱʱ۵ԼҲ˰ɣֲĴ̿ͣƺſɲǴģǷһ·Ѫʬ̳ɵģڼ侭Σѵô
ͷ˵Լһӿ¶ûлٽһˣ
ǣԼڴԽһ統Լ·ɽʱȵΪСôڵԼǸ뵨ɫô
һ̤еذױһ㺮âңָͳʺ磡

ǷĻشΣ̿ͣȱ
õһ˿΢ɲľ죬ͳȻһ㣬ͬһ£ץ򷽴磬
ҲʤܣԺľ磬ǿ֣Ȿ԰ˡ
νǿߣɲǸƺ֮ǿϲԾľͻһ˿֮ͬһǿߣ𷴿
䣡
һɾǿȻеذ׶ʱѳƬɢһѪ˵ɳʮԶ
ߣ
Ȼ𺳵ǣͬʱͳ쾹ȻҲһƺߣȻͬ˵СȻ𷽴磬СʲôȻˣǿ߰ʲôʱ򣬺߾Ȼܹǿˣ
ȻֻǼ򵥵һν棬Ȼͳ𺳵ȴֱһ
ǸоԷ֮Уûһ˿֮ͳֱҪΪǿαװˡ
ǿߣˣٴڵ棬ǵѪмЦ
֮ڣ޵У
սУҲû¹˭Ƕս죬羢ıҲͬԷ֤ʵԼĿֲ
赭дһ仰ȴǶʱѺͳ˸̤ͷһ˸ǿߣĳѪϴˢ
˵֮ǰͳҪĿ裬ɱ粻Ӵģôھɳ׷˹ͳȷŹ裬ҲҪնɱɶСӡ
ƲƲ죬ʱķȥ
ʵľԲ࣬ƾ˭һ仰ܵģոһΪֵʵȻɵӲƴ
̿ͣںڰߣоԵİգ򣬾ԲɵĺͶԷ潻档
͵Ϯɱ¶ЩǴ̿͵ĳֶΡ
ҪǴ̿Ͷĸ˵Ǵֻ̿ˡ
ܣȻͷܣͳĲûʸոջĽǿ߲ˣתͷô޳ܵܣֱˣԼ氡ԼոջΪеӸǿ߽аأȴҲǸ޵󱲰ˣ
΢ͳȻΪһӰɿŷ׷˹ȥ
ǿߣɲֻǿٶҲԲǺܹģҪӵǿҲηˣ

ո׷ȥͳȴȻ֣羹ȻĪʧˣȫûκ׵ʧԭأʵȻҲûܲ˿쳣
Ӿƭ
طȻǲлѵģɭȻαװȴһˡ
ֻǣȴȻСǿߵʵһ£˼ʱ䣬ͳͷӦ˹ֲϯһһĽΧƬռɨ
ναװ֮ʵ˵ҲƭһӾѣǶǿ˵۾ȴζûκΰ취ˣ
ǿɨеαװˣ
СЦһ˲ӵʱ䣬ͳֱ˷ڵλãһȭӲαװб˳
һ̣ܵ壬ߵϢѹЩ


һ  ־
ۣ
һκ޻ɵĶײֱӱ׷ɳȥһѣǶԵֻѾˡ
ûб˱Ƶ̶ֳˣܹоĵԼϵ߹ҵʹһ糱ˮ㲻ϳܹܵļޣ˫صѹȣԽֱӱƷ衣
ָ΢Щ۾ȴԽԽ·Ȼ
ô˼ҵҪ㻹ܳŹУͳζŷ磬ұ֤ȫĹͷȫ飬һ̲ࡣ
͸һ˵Ŀ־壬·ֱѪ죬׹ɭɭ
ˣȻһ˿ѪȻȴǲмѹһڱǰã⣬ȴСƵˡ
սôǾԿ˭ʸá
ǿߣȻҪһңֲô¶˷ϲģļȴû˿ͣΧӵĵһδܣȫûмӲƴ˼
ͼѿ֮һͳٶȸ˼֣һ·ϵǰľǿײϣģŮҲȥģ˵ڵ£ԧ졣
ȥˣҿɻûϵļ֮ɫŨȴǷɿĻţͷ˵ԼԶûյ
֮䣬д־壬ǣͬһҲͻƵġ
˳˵ѹΪˡ
Ϊһ̿ͣ־İںСʱͷѾķʵˡ
װٵصԡ
̣ܲǣˣ̿ͱν̣͸Ĵ̿ͣԶ˵
̿͵ĺݣֹǶԱˣԼݣ
뷽粻ͬͳȴԽԽľֲɱ֮£Լһ˿η塣
ûη壡ΪһǿߣȻһߣη֮⣬⻰˵ȥҲѹκš
׿ǹŹֵıᣬ̶̵Ƭ֮䣬չֳĸֶΣѾĺˡ
ҲƾĿֲʵǿѹƣĻͳɣ˻Լ
ˣʵ̫죬ɳ֮ԼֲܵʸûС
һ̣ͳѾȻһУΨһͷǽһɱҡ֮Уϧһдۣ
ÿһε潻棬÷Ƽؼ֣Ļۣò˶ãֱӽ
ǣҲͬǺͳܹļˣ
ǲ˲նɱ磬ֻɭ֮УȴֱͲǿɱĻᡣȵ޿ɱܵʱǹıͻٴνء
ҪǣһĽ֮УͳܹԵĸܵԽԽѲȻֱ仯ϸ΢ǣΪһǿߣȴܹĸоĵ

ͷ˵ķ羳ڶأʲô
ٶȣ޵ٶȣʲôʱЩҵڶصżˣȻҪȥⱲǲˡ

ʯ֮䣬ٴͷĻжʱһ
޵ٶȣһֱԼٶȹˣֱһ̣Щν޵ٶʲôˡ
ͷ̹ܶණɽľѧҲԶֹһֻ֣һȴһ֡
ֵķ䣬ݵĶʵ̫ˣǰһ粻ܵвٷ֮һĶѾܹݺ¡
һ̣Σ֮£Щνٶȵˡ
־
һСֻи֣ȻһĨâһ֮䣬ȻһӰӰڳʮԶͷһδӺͳѡ

һ̣ͳˣһ˲ٶѾ֪ٶȣֱǲ飬Ҫ֪֣Ҳ˲ѶԷ
ɱңʵ»дżϷʣ縺ڱȻڵ
Ȼ⵹˵ƾˣ״ӶԷˣϾ־ҲŲǸո򣬶ңٶȼ٣Ҳûƣ̾ڱļǲܳװǿߵ׷ġ
־򣬲Ǹ˷ʱѣʵĲ࣬ϾʲôɾܹĨȥġ
Ĩȥһ˿ѪȴǶʱͷսڣ



һ ڰ ֮ضһ
㵽ʲôˣһǿеɱ⣬ͳʵ
Ӱ߻޷е壬ΪǿߣȴǳǺεȿֲĴڡ
ǿߣҲһ㣬;ԲӰ
켶Ҫ˵ṵ̂Ǵĳǣһ̣ͳӿȴһĪĿ־塣
µı̬ĲӰ֮ǰֳЩֶΣЩϵһɲˡϾ˭ҲţһͨĺܹѧЩֶΰɣ
㲻ãʵЩôɨ˺ͳһۣƤûһ¡
Ƿ粻ŻԷһֻǵֵزԷѾˣһ㷽˭
ǾȥɣôƬ̵ʱ䣬ͳҲѾӦ˹Ѿѷ˵̶ֳȣƱػᱻģҲ۷米ʲôˣֻҪ÷ӹ˽죬ˣͱȻ
ǣѷ趼ˣһ
ս
ذѾˣڴ̿˵κζԻΪɱǿ֣Ҳȫû˿η塣
ػǺͳҲѹû뵽羹Ȼ˴󵨣˵زҷˡ
飡
ִ֮£ǺͳҲûܷӦĹһӰȻߣһȭС
羢
ȫû׼£һУʮĿֲȻͳ˳֮Զ

屻е˲䣬ͳԥ˷ӥצץ򷽴Դ
һצץʵˣ̾Խѵ³˵ǷˣҲץʵ˰
ԣͳۿԼָԽԴȻ֮ȴȻʵʡһ̣ǱץӰȻ֧飡
ӰǲӰ
޵ٶȣ˵ڻ֮ǰͳ춼ûܷӦ
̲סƺһͳ΢ɲһ£Ȼˡ

һĽ𣬺ͳڴӱγԼĳ㷽ֻǺ쾳磬һ̣ͳȴҲòԷŵ˸Լƽȵĵλ֮£û˿Դ֮ġ
磬գ֮䣬ȻƿնֱȡҪ
Ϊﵽ֮󣬽֮ͷųɱУٶͬ޷׽
ۣ
ͷȻһѪۣѪ쭶ȻڵϣɿĴ˸˳Ʊܿûɭȥ
־ϾܵģȻٶȣٶ֮£ȻȶԷĽٶǣȴѾԺԲˡ
ܼ򵥣һͨ˵ʮ֮һʱͶʮ֮һʱֲô
Էľʵ̫ˣľ֮£־ҲԱܿԷĽˡοҪּ޵ٶȣͬ쳣ֲģͲƵʩչ־
ɣûģһͳڼͬʱȴû˿ͣ͵ŷ׷ȥ
ϵ־һδεʩչ϶񻯣Ƿ磬ҲǳԼŲ˶ˡ
Žĳ֣־֮ķ磬һα˾
Ѿ˼££κһʧ󣬶ֱӶԼСĵĿŽ࣬ÿһ־ʩչ
ֻǣˣҲȻû˿Ļң侲ͬʯͷһ
ʱĻͻ֣ᷢ˵ȻȻˮ׼˸޷ȻΣ֮¡
ͻȻ֮䣬ͳȴͻȻһǿϢڷȥķ
Сӣô˲䣬ͳѾжϳǸϣһֻޣʵԱǿߵޡ
޿Ǵ㽲ʲôģһأ̾ͻ⵽䲻ݵĹ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ɭУ޵вҪǿ֮ϡ
һͷ޵أֱڵ
Ȼһת䣬ͳ˷˼ѾƵ̶ֳˣҲǸԼʲô
ڶԼ׷ˣ޵Ĺ£ҲͬǾһ
΢ԥһ£ͳڻҧҧ׷ȥ
ǱȺô
ѵԼСӲɣͳѾһҪѷأۼͲܷ
Ϊһɱ֣⣡ֻ׵Էʵı֤
οֻҪɱ˷磬ޣĴ򲻹ǿߵʵҲлܹġ


һ ھ ֮ض
𣡡
ͬƽըһףΧȸɣɢߣͬĩһ㡣
ëԳĴܿͷ˷ͳĽӽҲͰˣǺͳǿȴ֮ģŭԷ
޵Ȼ޷ȣȴҲԲͬһˣëԳִڣǴթ
ۣ
̲סٴһѪһ˿΢ɲ⣬µٶȴǷ˼֡
޵ʶǷǳǿģΪǿߣͳȻֻ֪ܲ鵽ֵزȴҲɲˣɫ΢΢һ䣬ҧӲ׷ȥȴѾѷ˸
𣡡
оͳ쾹Ȼ޹˼вëԳʱŭ˻źͳķλ˹
һ2ӵʱ䣬Ѿ˽ëԳͬϴεĴҴһƳһȴǽߵĽӴˡ
ܽëԳûаѷ߷ȻѹȴѹķЩǿ߱ëԳϵϢǿ񱩵Ķܹ࣬ͨܵġ
ëԳѹûй˼ɷ˼ֱ㶵ľͳŷײ˹С࣬ȫûκȤģȻԼأǾˡ
־
ΣľͬĹң˲˷Ӧ־ٴʩչ޵ٶȣȻһӰ˽ëԳ
໣
Ӱײ飬һʱ䣬ëԳûܷӦĹ˫ִأϱһŽ⣬ͬڵźͳȥ
ң
бһɷɱͳеĳһ㣬һ̳ëԳײһ
һ֣ͳ࿴һ۶˲ϣ΢΢һΣٴŷ׷ȥ˽ëԳͳɱʢҲٶͣһֱ̧֣ӽ֮ȥ·һն¡
ʱ򣬺ͳҲѾƴˣϧķѴǿٶȽɱˣϾȥܹնɱ磬ҪӽëԳľҲʲô׵¡
ǰ·ѾԷǿȥʩչ־ҲƱѲ˶Էһ
ǿ˵һͱˡ
ɱ
û˿ԥһ˿Ȼ֮⣬һӰȻֱӳŽëԳͳ˹ȥ
սһ̺ͳ·ҲѾо˷ǹɲҵϢ̬
أ
ٴο磬ëԳһ£漴ŭĴ˻Ӷž޴ȭͷ˹
ս
ŽëԳڽ泹׽ͻˣڽëԳͳ֮־ļ٣ͬһ㻬֡Ȼоֱ߸˿ûʲô
ǽëԳǺͳ춼ԶǷܹģοڼѾˣȫƾһˣû˹Ҳ˵ʲôʱͻͻȻ
꣡
һĹͻȻ𣬷ȻëԳҷ˳ȥһѪǰѪȾ죬ֱͦͦĵ˵ϣûһ˿Ϣ
ˣ
һ˲䣬ͳʱΪ֮һЩŵã
СӣȻ޵ô
ɿ͸䵽ϣͳĸоѾֹͣ˺ֹͣˡ
ֱһ̣ͳ΢˿ΪǿߣԼжǾŵģԲжϴ
ƽʱķȻҪٲһģŷëԳȴȻֲĹͬ籩ͷ£ݲٶ롣
ŵʱΪ˻ɱ磬ԲϧһдۣƴҲҪնɱԷǣڷѾˣȻΪһʬëԳûκεԥһתͳƲ˽ëԳȥ
໣
ոյľ֮УëԳǳ˲СĿģڣһԼɱһҲˣëԳĻܷŹֺûᣬһԼؿھ׷ȥ
û˷ֵģëԳܿ׷˺ͳ죬ٶȣϾǱѷɫһЩġҲǵͳԥҪҪ׷ԭ
ҪװѽëԳҲԲǼ׵¡
һһ޽Զԭڵϣֹͣ˵ķȴǻ۾Ǵһ˿ӵĨȥǵѪ廯ΪһӰɿͶԱߵɭ֮С
ⱾҲǴ̿͵ֶ֮һ
ֻҪ׼ʱֹͣҲͲʲôѵ飬ܶಡ˶ֹ֮ͣ󣬾ͱȻ˵ô
ȻЩȻͲǸӾƭʲôĺͳܹ֪ˡ
֮ض
־֮󣬷оѾȷƻ֮һУΪһ׼ѡ
һУҲԶǽ


һ ʮ αװɱ¾
С㣬Ȱ㻹ǲҪҶĺáͷɨһĿ˸裬ߵɱü
ںͳʵǴδɹڣҪĲǵźͳѣȻĿͲָˡ
ɱңҿ̸ϴֻҪӦɱҡĬƬ̣迴ߵɱ˵ɬ֮
ǿԳ֣Ѿ˿ѵϣˣΨһͷ䵽ЩɱֵУܾ衣
Ǹͳ֮ǰˡƲƲ죬ɱֵ˵Ҳ˼̰ԭңɼС㣬ҲһȡŮ˶ѡ

ôҸᣡ
ת֮䣬ͳͻȻһεɱȻ˲ͬʱ
ͳ죡
΢˵ͷͳѪѾҲ˲ˣңͬմѪ͸һƣ֮⡣иɱ⡣
٣һңȻ˺ݵСӣ޵С㣬˵Ҹôл㣿

Ȼһһ˿ϣҲ֮飬ګګһ仰Ҳ˵
ͳ죬ˣͳĻɱֶʱӦ˹ֲܰͳ˳ӣԭֲˡҲǿߣˣֻѾ˺ˡ
ǼȥҰ·ǹ⣬һҶгʵĻᣡ¶һ˿֮⣬ͳݺݵĿڵ
ǣͳ죡ܵͳŭɱֶʱĴյߣëëŵĿʼ˺·ԣŮѾͳĳͲֻƱҪˡ뵽ҶĻᣬ˵иһŻȡ
Ů·ôż˴չȥ컹û£һ˹ȥ
ǲú˲䱻סɱĻᶼûУ϶ʱᣬԹ
ǵſôúֺȵвͨǶŲοЩĺɱˣһĺЦ
ۣ
ЦδֹһѪȻȪǣ
ļǽѪգ֮䣬ոջЦŵļɱ־Ȼͬʱնͷ­ף׷ʲô
ץһͷ­ͳɫĮȻͷ­ϣĨɾذϵѪת裬ĻȰѽϴ١

һʱ䣬ûܴзӦҵĺһŽһɵɵĿŶԷôҲ벻ףͳΪʲôͻȻɱԼ¡
ŮˣѵôôûĺһͳͻȻһ䣬ļ
ǡ΢΢һȻ֣ͳƺԼмϤĸо񡭡Ƿģ
׳գƲƲ죬Ҳٴץһɱְǵ·˵Ļ
ٴڳ׷Ӧ˹
ûӳֵڣ϶ѪմͿ屾ӣΪĹһȻܲʲô쳣ˡ
ֻǡôܰѺͳ죬ðģѵ
ŵĿ򷽴磬㡭ɱ
ţǿǿ߰ѵôĨɱˣôܣһǿҲֻһ߰ôɱǿߣ
ûУĴһ䣬˹ɱϵĶ֪ͳʲô⣬ĨĨģæͣ
㱼ˬôͷû̧һ£絭ڵ

һδ̶ļæҵҪѾЩ·׵ϡ
Ҫô죿ò´·һ󳱺죬µʵ
ž
ʰöҲشֻվߵǰһ־һȥ跴Ӧ練ǼȹȥԼЩס
ʲôŭĵŷ
Ļñϻȴѹø͵ģץһѽ̧־ϴȻҪҲ˿ᣬȫȻûϧ˼
ҪҪɱң㻹ûõ²㲻ɱңӡʵ̫ˣһԲϾܶɱˣֻҪļ£ڣ˭֪ԼôˣѵԼҲҪɱô
͵ķ˷ֱۣ޲ðŮֱûһӣԼҪɱõôѾô
˵һ֣̾㣬ԣ



һ ʮһ ɱ
̫ȴʶʱ񣬸оɱʵۿŽ̵ԼϣҲǿٲһ
ȻҲ跢ֽһֱܿԼҪйء
ϸĶһһ˺ۣҵ裬ĵ˵ͷסˣǱҶһɱ㡣
ҲӦ͵ץ˵ʬԼؿھһ

ĿܣҲͻȻľٶŵľ˳һɱȴǼ̫ˣܹĿضѪ˳Žһ䡣
ͷƳһۣɫȻ䣬üͷûһ£·һڱһ
ֱͦͦ˵ڵϣ˵ʬԼôһڵϣʧȥһеϢ
ֱһ̣ͻȻЩ׷ĿˣվͬϣҲ̲סǵһݣĺݣԼȶԱ˸ݵĶࡣ
ֻ뵽Ҫɱˣȴ̲סһҲǿǿ߰
ʱδδĹȥȴоƺÿһ붼һһѹֵԼ
ϱ̵˿ڷһĴʹƣҲ޷ڣһ󷢻衣

Ҳ֪˶ãĶͻȻһߣһ̣ͳǱӰͳԱߡ
ӣ֮ǰֵʱҲòȥ
ץסڻǲԾŷķ˼ηĽŶԷ
û뵽ҵЩСˡһصʬ壬ͳüͷߵһʬߣϸĲ鿴һ˿ڣЦ֮µɱ㵹Ǻñ°
ɨôۣͳ켸Ѿжϳ˵ʱ龰ֻǣɱ˵ķ磬ȴΪΪѡ
ĮȻƳһۣͳڵʮĿǣ˿ûй˼ܵ˼
ЩҲˣͳҲûʲôϧģҲһЩķѡǿɱ˷磬׷裬εжˣ޹ؽҪ
ӦŹңҾ͸㣡ǿסеĻңСĿ̽ŽֲԾĲǼƣС
ûиּۻ۵ʸ񣡡¶һ˿֮ɫͳĮȻڣ·һֻϡ

һ˿ͣͳɭȻв
ëԳôãΪͳͬ˲ˣܾҵطϢΪִˡ
£ѾȫûκĸĥˣңΪǿߣҲмڸϻ
һ
͸һĨɭȻɱͳ裬ûһֵķϻ

һ̣Ѿҳһ飬Ҫͷȥ磬ֺΪԼ쳣ƳʲôİԼء
ͳɲ֪ЩƵģһּ̧䣬ֱסĲӣСһץ
ڣ
ץס裬ý˷磬һ˲䣬ץסת˲ŵĻᣬȻذ״һ߹⺮Դͳĵλã
Ƿ籩ͬʱͳͲ쳣Ҫܡ
ֻǣ˽ľ֮£ȴѾѹû˿Ųء
־
˫ļٶȣȻӰֱӳ˺ͳ
羢
ʮ˷ȫֱӺ˺ͳĺġ
ۣ
ذ׾׼Ĳ࣬һĨѪɫͬʱǿֲҲ˲佫ͳҷ˳ȥǰһ𱻺˽ʮ׵ľ룡
ϾǿߣѾıذ࣬һʱ䣬ȻҲû̱תһѪķ磬Ĳ˼飡
㣡ͳô벻ףӦѾڽëԳеķ磬ôͻȻңԼĸ֪Լи˲䣬Լһ
ɿţͳеɱȴԽķɱ˷磬ҲĿ
ǿߣȥ
ֲȫͳɿһ˿ŷ磬Ҫһᣡ
ֻǣ˲䣬ͳȴͻȻоԼΪ֮һȫ飬һСָ쳣ѡ

һ˲䣬ͳͷӦ˹ǣԼôжģ
ƽĿźͳ죬ƺŴԼϰγ˳
ǸµģֻǳоһеҩԶѡ
ڶҲֻЩʬ϶ѣͳʬʱʵϣѾжˡ
ֻǣǸʱǿߵʵ׽Щص⣬Ч
˲䱬һȴֱӽ˾֮У֮£ڶԵĵֿѾˡټϣҪƴϷ汳˲ȫʱöԷˡ
ŵ˵ӻնɱЩɱֵʱ򣬷ѾƺһС
Ǵ裬ԲаóضΪ˰һľʵ˿һжܸòϣǣȴȻԥ
Ϊľһ˲һɱ
׼ƣֲзӰĺݾ
һȫۼһʱ򣬲ڳһξĴɱ
ν̿ͣͨ׼ļ㣬ϻƣʵʱɾɱ
֮ǰ˶ٵ׼ֻΪѤľɱ
ۣ
ĿѣһѪͳ޾ԹȻš



һ ʮ Ϲ
ҡĮĿ裬Ȼ侲ͬʯƺɱ˺ͳҲ㲻ʲô˵顣
ӣ̫ˣεĻܻΣյģҴ˰ɡŷѾѪȾеĿڵ
أüͷ΢΢һǿסҵѣУĮȻܾ
裬ȻûʲôУҲ̸Σ֮£ȥңǼֱǰԼԷ£ζġ
ܹ̿ͣεˣԶֻԼ
ھҸ㣬㻹ֱôЦһ£̯֣ε˵
ᵽ粻΢΢һ͡˲Լȴ쳣״ġ
һ·ɱʵ̫ˣܹӲŵڣѾһ漣ˣôܻûһȥ𹦷٣˵䲻ģ˵Ҳǲסˡ
΢ԥһ£ᰴһԼ˿ڣʹУԼʶ˼֡
֮Իȥ㣬òҪʳԡһ㣬ʱɭ֮Уɾ䡣
ƵжϣǴ̿£棬Ծ͸ɴ뿪ģȵָһЩȻа취
ʵϣ粢ǲңƱػвС鷳ֻǣڷȴѾʲô뷨ˡ
ɱ˵׷ɱ·˵ȫûκѣҹֱӸϻ³ǡ

˵Ѿѽϴϲˣ뿿ڴͷϹĶ˵
ǵģڣʱ龰ݲ迼ˣֻίߣܹͷ͸һ˿亹СĵĻش
ȻҵĵŮżһеڣȴȻη塣
һȻҲҿҾѧһϹȻڵҲգ˵Ҫôʱһ̺ˡ
һȣڣȻֻǺߣǲ֪ΪʲôȴܹǿһսȻһЩֶΣջնɱǿߣԳȡ⻰жʱһæڵ
ȻѾصңȻֻҪ뷽ǿֲֶΣȻ̲סһ󷢺򲻵ѣȴʵڲԸΪˡ
ǽ͵ϮѣʲôмĺһϹȻ˵Щòĵ飬ôзִ硣
ǡˣٶ˵ͷ˳˷䣬̫Ѩ̾ϢһվǻصԼķ䡣

ڣɱʵЩˣ뿪֮Ϲߵͣѯʵ
ߣδѣмĺһϹ漴ȻڵҾȻͽʵǶۣҳȥûĻ̥ĶرңֱӴǡ
ǣ
ˣҽ뵽ôְ˰΢ЩʹؿڣϹ̲סٴѯʵ
ûϢЦһ£ҡͷҽٲһʱĿºҵҾ塭
۾Ϲжʱ¶һ˿ƣ̾ϢˣϹͷʱҲˣûʲôϧˡ
ڣ󣬳ܻ꣬뵽취ġ
ҡҡͷһԣϹƽı۾취ҵǸʲô磬ҵľѧ⴫ָԼ
ף

λС磬߰ɣʹȻͬڳˣصˣ´߶һɽϴЦ̾
ѧ깦򣬲ʵϲ̨棬ȻҲᱻǿ˳ˡЦһ£ͷȻδлɾ֮ʵСӺա
ֵʲôνҽ߸ĸģҲֻԾѡ̬Ⱥ⣬ϴЦŵͷˣЪŰɣʣ£ָܻ糣ˡ
лɡмĵͷ漴ĵһ䣬ˣɣʲô·ô
˵ҵ˵ҵĴС⵽˴ɱ˵ҼŭţȻҪһѪȷˡ̾˿ϴҡͷ
ҵܴôЩʵ
ǣҿ³ǣ֮һҼǿ֣˲𰡣Щ³ȻǾ˽֪飬ϴû˿ԥڽ͵
˼ĵ˵ͷлϴڴϣǵһҩݣ¶һ˿΢ɲ⡣
³֮һôãĻ̿͵ʣɲôģ


һ ʮ ɱ֮
С㣬㡣
ѾͻȻԺһֱŵϢܶԷûбϣֻ˵һѣȴκ˶ıȻǷ硣
ܣܶ˲²⣬ûȡǰ벿ǣһζݵĽӴȴǳӣԲͷ֣ҲöԷ
һڵķȥ
ģȨı䣬ôΨһľ취װѷ£÷ѣԼպȻʳѰ
ˣüͷϹƽĿڡ
ǣλڣ費˿񣬼򵥵û˿׸ԡ
ˣ֪ˣ˵ͷϹӡ
ܹԼԼ־ǳ⣬ڷ磬ȴǸûзϣҲһʵСӣܷʲô
˹ȥһˣʶʱĻһΪһҲ˵Ҳ顣תߵ͵˵ͷϹȻԸ
ȻƺֻˣȻʵϣȴҲѾǿˣҵλȻѹϹѾһʧˡ

ڿ˵ĺŲˮƷģ·ԼĲ͵һ
Ĳͷܲһ㣿Ĵ˸Ƿ꺬ЦߵѾߵЦ
˵Цˡò˵໹ǲģһϮ͸֮˲ԾͻøУ丮ѾȻ֪ڶǰ̬ȣشСѣЩС⡣
Цһ£겢ֻͣ΢̧ͷ⿴ȥ
Ƭ̵ĹѾڼ˵ͬ¸˹
ӡ̤ţɫӵĿ꣬ſڣȴվʲôû˵
СôļӣԼҳ룬ȻǿУȻҴС㡣ǴżϷ֮⣬Ȼ˵
δлӾ֮֮΢΢Ƿа̾Ϣһɫ֮ǰΣ֮ʱйӱؼϴչԼ֮
ߵڰףһڣƺѾױˣѹڵĻᶼû硣
վڵжԵϣⷬҲһ̾
žžž
ƣ΢ЦȴһĨɱ˵Ƿҵˣ
˵ЦˣľˣԼ黹ؼԵΪϱһ£˵赱˵պغ񱨡ȻҲʲôҪ󣬵޷
Ҫллˣ¶һ˿֮ɫ絭ȻˣСѽϴҰɡ
ߣ
ᵽԱߵĻʱ̲ס˳ϴҲؼܴˡ
ž
˻µ˲䣬һ־һȥԸ˵ʲôʱֵҷͣ
磬ӦĻᶼûǻ£Ҳѹûӵ˼

͸һĨâԭһֱվڶͬǻһ㣬̧־һ˹ȥ
꣡
һȥʱѿһ̣Ȼϡ
ҵĺôϴżּ֮ɫϵĲ豭һڣȻڵ
Ӱ
Ӧ֮ԭһֱɫĮȻһ˿Ȼ֮ɫĶס˷壬ֶΣֲеӵҷ
ôɨһۣ絭ȻҲĶȦˣ裬Ҿһ仰Ӧҵı꣬׸ǲ
ᣬҲûʲôɫӣ·ⲻһ仰ѡȻ˫ۣȴ̫ѹǿ߻ڲ࣬ҲȫȻû˿ȫС
ǲ
Ҳһ仰ѣ
Ȼ򵥵һش𣬴ĺȴǵظ췭ı仯
νһãһǡ
ıģǾԲԸͷģֻǣ鵽ֵزҲѾܹˡ
ĬƬ̣һ˿ɱڻ̧ͷ˵ЦˣֻҪӹ黹ؼұк񱨣
ã
Ǻֳڵ˲䣬Ȼв֪ʱȻһɭȻذףʺ
ң
ʶ˷ļ٣ǻ˿⣬ڷֵ˲䣬Ѿǰ
ž
ʶĻ֣ǰ׺ӰȴȻΪһӰɴʧ˿֮С
ϵˣ
˲䣬;ȻӦ˹
ûҪɱ裬ǽ߶ѡ
ת֮䣬Ȼڿ֮⣬ɱĻ紫͸һɷľȻ
һң֮£Ҽˣòɱ֮
ɱ֮
򵥵֣ȴ͸һɲݵķ
˻⣬ۼֵ裬ȴףɾԲʲôնв
һʵֲ̫ڵʵвңǼʱգȻΪУ
ˣҪѵĻᣬϧһдۣɱ
һ˿Ȼ֮ɫɭȻɱ֮



һ ʮ 
׷
Ǵһ˿һٶᵽ˼ޣ֮䣬ѾӳԺӡ
ȻȻѾ׼ô
̿Ե͸ȴζŴ̿;Ͳʵϣ̿Զͨ˸Լ
ν͸ӽǮǾѽǮӻֻҪʱ򣬲ϧǮѡ
Ȼһû˵ǾǷˣ
̶ʱ䣬ҽĵҲƾ£ע˷粻⶯֡Ļƾ֮ǰǵߵڰ׵ĻҲ÷˲ȡ׼ˡ
˵Ľľ֮£ǷϸһЩۣǿҲԲܵסһ
ɱ
ңһ仰ĴԼӵܼȫ׷ɱС
ֻǣڷ˵Щȴʵڲ
׷УֻǸʵͣǷĵˣĺߣҪסֱǸЦ
־򣬳ּٶȵı֮⣬ٶȵҲͬС
ͷ˵־ζţ羳ڶصĴѾչ˷ǰȻҪƿŽȥԶԶǣӰȴҲѾСˡ
ߣ
һжʱһѳӥ£硣
ǿ֮Ͼǳܹģһ֣ʽͶʱΪ֮һ䣡֮Ȼ䣬·ҪƬռ䶼
һ˵͵ʵǺͳ֮ϡ
־
û˿ԥ֮˲䱬һӰڼ䲻ݷ֮˶Է
ֻҲԶԶ£κα˲֮µľģûκͣٴʩչ־ɿȥ
ڿλã丮ĴҲ̫ԶһʩչĴ־ȻԸӳ丮
ۣ
ʩչ־ڷͬǸ޴ĸͽϵ˿ڱѣѪȾ
ңҲԶǽ
ٶȵıǿ߻죬ȴζţıܣܳǿߡ
ӳ丮û룬Ҳͬ׷˳
ȫû˿ĻңżֲмһȻ·ԵС֮С
ڷ˵һжǰͼƻõģֱڣһҲԼƿ֮С
ȻɭֵưڶΣǶڴ̿˵ȺҲõڻο֮ǰѾ˳ֵ׼ܶ˶취ġ
û־ǿ֮£ٶˣҲ޷Լǣ־ٶȵıȴǴ֣
ûӰܹڶʱǿߵ;˷ӵĿܡ
Ȼֻһ˲ѣһõĺãȴҲˡ
׷С˲䣬ŷ֣ѾȺ֮УƾҲҲһ˿ĺۼ
ϲһȾѪ֮⣬ֻʣΧЩηηȺ־ɢһߣ֮ӣû˿쳣
һ̣ͼֱҪѪˣеɱƵɢֱаЩһﾡ׵ĳ嶯
ֻǣЩȴʵ̫ˣ
Ȼǿƣڹ컯֮£һɱʮϰˣҲ޷ԳĹȥˡ
³ǣױϾңҼϹ˵£ֿܻҴ鷳Ľڣǲ¡
䲮ץôƬ̵ʱ䣬ҲѾ׷˳ԥһ£ڻ̲סѯʵ
ߣһ޺޵Ķ˶ţͳƬ̣ڻŭһ˦֣ת丮ȥȴѾûˡ
˵֮ǰ˵ɭ֮УնɱǿߣЩмĻôƾԼѣȴʵ̫ˣֱЩ޵֮С
뵽֮ʱһɱȻģɱ֮иһ꣡
ûܳ¶ԷΪһ鷳
ڶԷ޷ңǣˣСҲŲֻжʮҵͰһ̤죬Ƕ˵鷳ɾĴˡ
ȻҲ׷ЩʱˣһҪԵľϹŭˣ°ˣλҲô˵


һ ʮ 룡
飬飡
˭еҽϴĿڣżֱƵġ
쿪ţ飡͵˼ţʿߺš
һ۹ϵ£ϴЩεţôˣʲô
죬ŻѼ죬̿ǺЩûˡ
ˣôһ̧֣չһ񻭾ʿָʵϸ㣬Ҫṩõôġ
ף
һۣϴ򲻽˳⻭ϵ˺찡
ʶϴӦʱüʿһ׷ʵ
ǽз磿ԥһ£ϴ̫ȷֿ˼ۡ
ûͷ˵ļˣʿһץסϴĸ첲ٵ׷ʡ
ΪץˣѪˣ붯ͨ˽ؽ˭ܹṩЧܵõһʲƵͽϴҪṩϢأҲܹͬõһͽġ
ǣǣҼǰ죬ǰɣҳҽģˣЩΪҪȲˣᵽϴϲ¶һ˿֮ɫϷҷ˲˼òײŰ
ģʿû˼ҫҽһץסϴӡ
֪Цһ£ϴε˵ϣӲˣҲ֪ȥˡ
ģˣӣ⣬ʿʱըˣѵֱӼܵϴĲϣϲģ룬Ȼһͱ㡣
үϡʵǲ֪λεĵڲϣʱϴŵĻ
ߣ֣ͷȻҲҶҽ񣿡
ͻȻ֮䣬һϵȻӼ˵ȴϡ
ʲôˣҹܴү£ƦӶʱըˣ°Ӿȥˡ
˫Ŀһɣ͸һ˵ɭ֮ɫȵ³ϷҲùһʲôҲвң
ǣ⻰ɾ̵̫ˣѼƦסˣǻ˼ںҲڵ̫˰ɣ
룬ɣۺӣߵȻڣǰɫ
룿΢΢һƦȴʵ벻ҽôһȻû˵ɲûУСɫǲ׵ġ
㣬ҽ߸ĸĲ٣Ҳܶҽߵϣ˸ֱͦˣ䣡
л̻壡¶һ˿ɫϴһ
ϷתбЩһۣЦź
ǣǣͷ󺹵ǷǷƦæ˳ȥȻԷƺֻһҽǸ˵ѹȴʵ̫ˣЩ
ˡҹªš˵ΪûţֻǲӦʳڵģֻǣϴȴʵЩֱزס룬˳
Գɵߣϵʵ̫ˣ˲ԾľͰҽϵ
㣬ʲôƳϴһۣһָʵ
Ĩһͷϵ亹ϴ򹧾Ļش
αؽƽϣƺЩʧƳϴһۣߵڵҽߣߣռƣҲҽС
һȴǶʱ˵ϴԳһ亹ٶ˵һ֡
룿ȴǲԺ˵üͷʵ
룿ϴ򲻽һҪʲô
ϻȻβûĺһɨһۣҲڶϻִ̧Աߵһѵӣ漴ӻͳһӣһ£΢΢һ֮䵶Ƭ֮䣬Ȼʮ̲һ룬ϡ

һ֣ʵڻϴһӵĲҲûһһ㶵ģֻôҲ벻ףЩβʲôϵ
ݹ磬Ҳû˵˭β
ǡ˵еҽһȣ
һϴͻȻˣԷԳƵţ룡
Īǣֵô
뵽⣬ϴжʱһ󼤶ӣԷҪչ¶˰
ѵõĻᰡֻҪĳˡ
һģǶԷҽɵͨ񰡣㲻ҽҲδؾѷɫٰɣ
ٵģ
ϴǾû˿ɵģģ͸ոһ;Բƭܹ˵ĳİ


һ ʮ ҽ
ϣ
ʹڴ꺺ӵüͷѾȫһţϵ˿ã󸯳
򣬶Բʵ̫ˣûסұ֤һˡϴҹ꺺æǸҧٷκ
ûϵϷˣٿ˿ڡߵ棬⻰ϴֱ޵ݡ
лллл򣡡꺺ӸжļҪᡣ
ҽ֮ģƳϴһۣߺļ
ǣλңҺܺõģ˵ҾһԻԵʱˤȣ𲡣ҽݶûԸңֻԸѰΣɲܴǺȻЩľګǶϴȴм֮ĵģԣæְŽ͵
Ǹֹʹҩ࡭Ҳһʱһʱû뿪ûиá͵ͨ죬ϴȻͷ͡
ֹʹҩӰЧһҲ͹ȥˣϴҲ̫࣬־˼ҽΣȻǾϸˣƽʱҲΣֻλڣȴЩ
ϴһۣȴҲվûٶ˵ֻӵ·΢㽫˺ӵļѨ֮С
ȥֹʹҩϴͻȻôһ֣ȴǶʱһָסˣ춼ûܷӦ
㣬Ǹʲôϱλε˼£ܲûоʲôʹҲǱһЩܵη壬Ȳֻܶˡ
޷ۺӣ΢ЦŰ˰֣оһ£ʹһЩûУ
⻰Ӷʱסˣת˲֮䣬ϸ¶һϲ֮ɫô˲ʱ䣬Ӿ͸оϵʹѾѾԶǸոǰ޷ˡ
㷴ӦҲףǼЧˣľګļֱ֪˵Щʲôˡ
ϴɵ˵ĿɿڴĿǼ룬һƬհס
𺳣Ҳʵ̫ˣô򵥵˼룬ȻֹʹֹʹҩҲûôõЧ
ҲСָǺϵβᵯһĸоʱ˳봫뺺ӵڣƬ֮䣬ϵʹȻȫʧˡ
¶һ˿Ц⣬ɨһڵԹԵȡһЩˮʼΪϴ˿ڣСȥ⣬ʵĲҩ°
һˮ㣬ȫû˿ĵطЩַϴĳɾԵģ
֮ȣƽո˴˿ڵһףֱŵЦһ
ǣõȥʱǺӾȻҲȫûо˿ʹֱ࣬޷ģҪ֪ʹõֹʹҩҲܴﵽ
һУγ룬ˮϴһ£תһˣ
ϸˣԺЩС飬ȥǡϴڷһڷԸ
⣬⣬ôѧġ΢΢Щϴæƴǡ
Щֱַδţƫƫ˵Чֱǲľôȥ
ƣһߺļ۽֮Сôҽ߸ĸģ⻰ѵֻǹߺơƭ˵ô
Ҳϴش߱㾶˵ȥϷһҽδκŻ֮κҽĳ֣Ϊ˾ܵȲ˵Ϊ˽ģܣ䣿
һ߲һ˵Ȼϴ˵ȴֱͬװԺ춼˵
Ƭ֮ϴæ߹һĳݣ֮ԣඥܽˣ
Ż֮ɲֻ֮ҽҲһԼĵ⣬˻ᴫڸʲôͬȫûŻ֮ˣδš
ҲĶ˵߼ǰУһϴҽ֮еļ˾һ顣
ô̶̵һʱ䣬ȴѾԼҽ׽ϴ۷ˣֱһֱֵ֮Դˡ
ͷһƺһͷһ˿亹漴ӲѪȥϴ˰֣ˣˣ⣬Ϣĵطô
УУ룡ϴͷͬС߶һֱӰߴһɾķС
ˣȥɣ΢˵ͷ뿪˵գſڷһƣҳҵţ˵רθ֢Ĳȡ
΢΢һϴĿɿڴĿߣ죬ȴվʲôû˵
Ǻ£ǣҩȴʵڲˣº֧ȥ
·𿴴ϴ£ִͳǮӶȱʲôҩľȥϷȻ⣬ԵȻһա
ǣ
⻰ϴʱȻ𾴣ٶţæ˳ȥ
ϴ˳ȥ˲䣬߶ʱҲ̲סһѪ˳ɫ˲Ͳ԰üͷ⿪·ؿڵ˿ٴαѣѪ͸һͷƤ顣
ң٣Ǻܿͻټġ¶һ˿֮ɫߵһ˿ɱ漴۾


һ ʮ ֣Σ
ι˵ôǳһλҽһֱĲȡء
˵λɣ˲𰡣Ҽүڴ̱˿ʮˣӲ˼Ҹκأ
ǣǣ˼ҾǼ룬һβˣ
ĶԻѾ鲼³ǵĽͷβһʱ䣬֣³ѾǼ˲֪ˡ
µʱ䣬ÿ絽ҽݵſŶӵĻ߶ɽ˺ûƬ̵Ϣ
ֹƽգҲѾкܶˣҲŷҪҽŰΣֻҽƢȴǷǳŹ֣˭Ӷƾ㿪ʲôգһ۾ġ
Ϣܿʹ֮С
ԭҶԴǲмһ˵ģϾʲôǴδ˵ģֻǣҼȴĴѰλײβҽȻҲͶ˼Сġ
λʲô룬ôµĻ㱨Ƭ̣ڿʵ
ӦλҽĲ˵ǾκõĲҲм١Ū٣ǲܵġԱߵѾ룬Ľ͵˵ˣ˼ǷĲȡģҩĶͣôҲƭӰ
ߣҲȥλҽƿǰӣüͷȻ

лл˴ŮмҽݹһأǼƣȥҲδػԥ
λβˣҽ߱ݣҲˡ˰֣ɫƽķλˣ΢Цλģƽղƻ£Ҳһ׮̸
ÿÿСˡ˵䣬ͻȻһҵĻļȺӵҽݡ
ң
ַ·һħΧոջȺʱͰ
۾΢΢еһָߵ棬۳ŴӵС㣬裡
ôļӣߣִǰ˵ϣѹû˵˼Ƥ̧һ¡
ûҼСôǲ˻սսǰ߿ҵĻһ̤ȥֱӰ˲µ߶ϡ
һץסǲ˵΢һ˵ľ棬վһ˿֮⣬Ǹﲻӭǡ
û˿ΣֱӰ̬ȰĿԶԡ
ͷ֪ڸ˭˵³ǣʲô˸ҵ˵οǻǸģӾ͸ˡ
кβ̧̧ۣͬƽĿڵУֻв˺ͽˡ
£ȼ˵ǰһǳ
ǣС㣡ڱǿţǣҴС㷢ˣȴû˸Ҳġ
΢΢Ƿ蹧һſ˵ҹ̲ܽϣ˳ײˡ
̸ϣӦһ䣬߷˷ۼҼҴҵģƲСҲӦõġ
⻰ʱҵһԣ˼ӣ漴һ̧֣ȻԸˣײĴȥҺݺݵĴ򣡡
ǣ
Ļû˸ɣ˲䣬ȥվҽ֮УҲĿùļһﰤӵڣһʱ䣬ҽ
ôعٴһ񣬵üѯʵ
ߣ
鵽زȻҲ˵ʲô򣬾δЩ֮ˡȻЩȴҲԸΪС¸
Сݹ٣֪кιɣٴǰ£ɫƽĿڣȴԾĴһ˿Զ֮⡣
ˣѰҽ޹ҵݰ³ǣ¸мһ˿ۣٴ
м٣ҵĺ񱨣ҿɲ죡
ϷٴҪԼŶӾǣüͷûһ£ߵȻؾ
̫ˣزʵ޷ǰи㡣ٴǷĿߣ͡
⣡˿ΪĮȻ˵ҲͬкܶಡҪΪһˣЩˣ
ԸǮҽķӦҲǼ죬û˿ԥűԵ
Ȼˣȥɡ˿ΪЦ
Ⱥҽ޲ߣҽܹμˣ
٣㵹Ƶң
СŮһƬТĵķϣȣ
Т֮ģһߺļΪֺλڼ֮еĵλɣ
ˣίίľ죬ͷ
ضԣ֡Σ


һ ʮ 
Σ
Ƥһȴûʧ˼ڼ֮⣬˵ǲΣǲΡ
ɾ̫ˣʲô˶ʣȺҽҲȫû˿ıʾôֱӿھܾ˼·룬Ǿ˵˼ѹû˵ʲô˵飬ǲԸֶѡ
˳ײǵ죬ʵΣն֪ͷϣҲǿ󣬸ɴĸǶȥ
˵Ͳ£ԷҪŹֻ֣ҪΣô뵽취Էֵġ
С㣬ҪҪɴȥҽݵĴţл轨ŵ̬ǵЩ֮ͬġ
ɨǻһۣȴѹ͵ȤûС
Ӳ󣿿ʲôЦҽ඼ѱ֮ˣǿȥ˼βãѵβôһ˵㲻ֱֻԹۣģѵ㻹ʲô취
ͬʱҽ֮УԼϴҲ׷׳ԣȰ߲˵ңȻд
ң³֮еĵλٹ̣˸֮ġ
λضԣзִ硣ҡҡͷƽĿڣ˿һ
ΣôܣΪβԼֺαʲôֻҪһϣһԼڶԷеĵλŷ¶ѡ
һЦҲ˵֮صĸЩϣƺҵ˸ûгֹһ㡣

룬ɣƬ̣Ϲȴʵ벻ôһλҽҪ֪Դ֮ѰҽЩ˲ҽǼ˵ġ
ĪǣԷǱˣ룬ߵͻȻԵ
Ǳˣ
һ仰ȴ·һ㣬Ϲͷ
ʵ̫ˣνѰҽʵϣҲڱѰöѣƾҵҲ첻ȥ
ǶԷ治ǱˣûҲпԭˣ
˵ѾͷȥˣüͷϹʵ
ǣΪ˳ײԷһھͻؾˡЩϢǼΪעģѵʱϸĸϹ˵һ飬жԻҲһֲ
֣üͷϹɭȻҿЩһǰԵˣҲԷʲôˣ͸£ߣ
Ǹùܹˡ˵ͷ˵ֻȴǲһ̾ϢɰԵӣλôķݣγɽ⸱棿
ˣ취λ뵽³֮һһҲԸһ䣬Ϲ漴˵ϣֻˣͻ㣬ܻа취붯ģסһǿҪöԷĸԸΪβС
һˣϹı˭侲֮
ǣūס˵ͷͶʱ˳ȥ

֮ٴǰҽݣֻһȴûûȺֻСĵĴȺм˽ȻҵˣЩҲʶģȻҲû˸Ҳӡ
ղɡǰǷЦŻʾ̧żǰһ⣬Ȩϴ˳ײ񣬻½⡣
ߣͲˣϷҲϡ̧ͷɨһۣ߲̲Ļؾǲм
ˣЩɲʲôĶһЩϡҩĶѡЦǰԴӽ͵֪ȱΪ³ǰβռЩҩģȻܹһЩˣ³ǰյķϣͲҪƴˡ
Щǻ費˼ģӶԷ³֮ΪһλĻȱҽƲȻ֮ģ˳˼ƽǱܹöԷþܾˡ
ο迴ԷôĵҲѣһ취ȻͶˡ
Ȼ⼸ҩģߵɫǺÿһЩֻȴȻδ
Ҳڵ֮⣬һԸʣҽҩĶҸ
ɲõᣬһҵİô֣ܿ쳹򣬳Ϊҽ
Ȼ׼ˣԷܲǱ֮ˣЩȻǡֵĻжԷҪˡ
˰죬ԼĺӣڻڵϷҲ˼ֻǣҪϷ濴ǴӦϷ֣ôڣϷҲ֣Σ
߹ȻĶɿˣʱϲæĴӦ˵޷޲Ӧ֮
ȱ˵̫磬Ϸɲô򵥡һߵһָͷһϷ¹أһҽƽշĲȡŹ壬Σ
Ƥ΢΢һһڴӦ˵ֻҪκüĲٶǮƣҲʲô
ҿû˵һκáЦһ£ߵֻҽߣɲǲ裬ϷҲΪ

ǳ˵ǰͷϷ֣۳ɰܣƽ𶼵ȸ
ƽɲǸС֣ҲЩ۵ģֻǣ鵽ֵزҲѾûѡˡ
һԡת֮䣬ɴĴӦ
κˣȻһᣬƽ㲻ʲôûκã٣ʲôҽҪ뿪ңҲûôס
ҲǵС˼߻˵ڶָͷ
ڶҪҳ³еҽƬ̵и
֮ǰֱ㲻ʲôˣû˿ԥʹӦ
ţ˵ģɲǼ죬һ꣡һ꣡
輸ҪˣϼһﻹºְҲʲôԸ
΢΢ףƽ˵һɣϷҽ֮ʱеڳϷ丮֮ʱҲκ˼Ϸ򣬷һϷ̵֣ͷߣ޶
丮Ȼ˼ӣֻǣϵʱǷͨһ£Ҳǲҽģľ⴫
ûһߵϷβôӦΣӦϷѵϡƽô




һ ʮ ͣ
ˡֱԣܵ˴İɣϸİһӵȻڵǣγ֮ʱ䷨ûܴö񶾣ʹʴ޷ս˰ɣ
ǰһϹƽģһʱ˲𰡣˿ڶûⷬжɾǵʲôİ뵽⣬Ϲλʱƽ˼֡
һʱһնɱǿУȴҲöϻ궤ս֮£ԥֱַǿбƳ⵹ûʲôڵģʵϣһսҲϹһ۷֮սǿߣȻ֮նˣɾ˺պ
ңұغ񱨣
ûķ˷ۣ߲м֣̿Ȼҽ߸ĸģϷΪαͲΪʲôνĺ񱨣ǿ㻹˳ۣǰѽɽɽǰϷҲ࿴һۡ
ʧˣ¡£ϹȻǲҶײģЦһ£ҲֱӵǸʾҹ
Ȼܹ˵Դɣվ࣬ʱ̲סٴʵ
жѣʵδǣȻеľȡȻڵš
Ȼˣʩְɡʱϲɫæ
ڻʱ򣡡Ƴһۣ߳жѲǵܹˣ븨֮ҩа
Ҫʲôҩģܿڣұض׼׵֮ڵֻҪܹκϹҩʲô
ǵʮ㣬ҩҲһʱܴյģһöǧѪƲݣҿھòƲƲ죬Ҳ໰ǰߣƬ֮䣬ҩдȥ׼ɣסһζܴ򣬲Чд󺦡
ǣصĽӹҩ͵ȥԸ׼Բضԡ
ҡҡͷ漴תԽ𣬼ʳҪ嵭ΪξƲմʲôʱҩѨ֮Կҩ
леľʯϹʱãЦտķԸ裬Щ죬ʳӾԸǧ򲻿и
סϹеů⣬вһ˷ܣԼðôգѾ˼ΪּڿһеŬվûа׷Ѱ
ˣƺͻȻʲôͷϷҩмǲ⴫򣬾ɣУϷ֮ʱݲ˿ĲȻеڳɲҪϷ˦ֲ
ģһԸΥ
⣬ĵ˵ͷת뿪ӡ

ʹˣЩҩУ඼Ǿ綾֮˵л᲻թûãͱԸһУص֮С
΢ԥһ£ϹҡҡͷӦòᣬţҽ֮ʱҲ¹綾֮ΪԶȻҽҲȻͽ֮
ҪҪ˿ⷽӣЩ̫ģʵ
أҡҡͷϹ͸һ˿Ȼ֮ɫҵҽЩνҽǣЩѣΪţ鷳
زұ֮ˣ߲ѣȻԻҲعݵġ뵽ЩѾǲαư֮ɫϹʱ˾ϡ
ʱҲݲٶˣһһĲᣬÿƷʱʹ࣬Ѿʹˡ
ںò˵ΣңҲȷʵ͵ҽȻеϣˡ

ʱţתѾȥ
ҩѾռˣƲ
Ȼһ˲䣬΢յ۾Ȼ͸һĨ˵ľâɱһţ
ָϻĴĻȵٴƽ˲٣׼˰£ڽԷУеļҲֻԼˡ
֮ôְڳһΪѵӣһжֻΪ˽ԷĽĽͶѡ
Ȼ鷳Щǣȴò˵յ
ҼȻˣǣȴȻǾԲɺӵĴڣ£һٸԼҲ˲˼ҷֺ
̿ͣɱ˵ķԶԶֹǿɱһְ
ûνɣͲֻǷݶɶѣ
Ϊ̿ͣ籾;ͨҽټû֮˵ðҽȻʲô£
ȻǾտ֮ҲΪؼһ㣬һ¶ͻᱻԷɱˣĻлðҽ
ռҵϣٰҽȫһжֻΪȡ֮˶ѣ
գҷԣɱ֮
ɾԲʲô󻰣ڴ̿͵ıɱ֮ŵ
Ѿ㹻ӷˣȴվ̫Сֶ뵨ɫˡ
һ̣Ҫô



һ ڶʮ ӹҽɱ˲õ
ҵĹأɻǵðɣߵϹ⣬Ų΢΢һͣڵ
ģΥĻµȻҲʲô˼΢һɫһоͰˡ
΢΢ףҲԣӣҩѾշ˼尾÷ˣðȻͰʱ˵ġ
ģѾˣûҵķԸԲ˽ŵģʩΪ뿿ڴͷϹ͵ȻȻһƵӣȻʵϣȴѽŵĲ֪ˡ
ûвһϣȻͲЦ̸ˣ٣ϹûǷݾ硣
˵ǰͷҩ֮жо綾֮ȡԶ֮ЧϷȻŲ󣬵ȴҲұ֤һûⷢںڣüѰҽϵҩ룬ƳϹһۣѵ
Ǵ̿͵سԽǵ󣬷練ԽСģһжƾһ˿覴á
ϹĵĽܹסˣȴǾģ£ԽǿڵķգģȻҲҪһȵģ˵̫ΣգǾʵ䷴ˡ
ڶԵİ֮ϣʣǴʦġ
ܷʩΪ۳ɰܣĳ޶ȻһЦϹȻڣ⻰мֿŶȣǾ߼ˡ
һʱ˷УǾͺɣסһںȾȻסһڵ֮ҪйȻѨҩĻӷû⣬һʱ䣬Ч˷ŴΣƾ
һаˡ˵ͷϹʱһһҩ¡
Ϲҩ˲䣬еȻͬҹĺǰת˲֮䣬߸뾡ûϹѨ
ģҩЧʼ֮ʱоҵʹһסˣҪιȥɫصĶϹСָᵯ룬ͬʱҲ͡
ʹ׶Ĵ̹ǵľʹ
һ̣ϹȻоͬһ㣬ȵĴʹҪ˶˺һ㣬ңʱţʹྐྵȻڲϼ
ʲôǸγϣȵҩ֭˳ų֮УϹĸо˷ʹ̤֮࣬ˣֻιȥˡ
ãǳã¶һ˿Ц⣬ָ㣬벹ϣֱϹ̫Ѩ֮С
ʹǵȻһ綾ҩһ㸯ʴȻʹ
ѰϹʵǺ綾ҲܹƾǿʵܣֱӱƳأǣϹΪβԶ˷ȻɿڣοѨǼҩԵķӣǼӵʱ䣬ԾҲ޷ˡ
ֱһ̣΢΢˿׼˰֮ãСĵܲһУΪĲ˲ľɱô
һ룬΢ЦſϹһнչ˳£һȥһжʹҲ֮ɢ
ʹ֮£ϹֻʣһʶĻ⻰֮Ծģ񾭣Ƭ̵ɳڡ
Ȼ⾫ɳڵ˲䣬һ㺮â׵ûϹ֮С
һ봩͸࣡

зһ˿ʹһ̣ϹѾʧȥһ˿Ϣ
ûܲһ˿Σգл˷ܵϣȻš
ϹƤĨ¶һ˿΢Ц
ָ⶯ϵƤͬ䣬ָܿԭӡ
źѵû˸߹һ仰ôӹҽɱ˲õϹߣµİϹ·Ȼϣ漴ͳѾ׼õС⣬СϹƤҩˮ
̶̲ʮӵʱ䣬ϹĴ߾Ѿһһ޶ˣΩΩФ˿
ȣȡ
˼ñסϹ壬ɫ԰׵ƿ˳ȥ
ˣ
ڣȻҲϹһģһϤˣҲܴ˿쳣

Ϊ̿ͣⱾǷĿֶΣһж޷졣
ڡܿ죬һЩæĿڵô
޷ֻشҿҽ֮Ѿ˿ҽ֮ˣϷѾָĲˣ£Ȭ˵ͷ絭Ȼڵ
ϲڡһʱ䣬ʱ˷ܵԸӡ
ˣЩҪȥһˣغûҵĻ˭ҲҪȥ˰֣ڷԸĺܺãϷԻġ
лڡ
˭غ
ǣڡ
΢˵ͷһ䣬ôȥ


һ ڶʮһ Ȼѹӣ
ӣǲǣܵƧĸʲô
Žߵ³ǣС˲мƲƲ죬ͷ֮е
죡
һ̧֣õС˵ԴϣҡԴ˵㶮ƨǣûҵʲô͵ñͷӽѵôڣ
ž
һչһȻԵõĹ幫Ӹļƣ̲סȥһٵĳ嶯
ӣеĻʵʵڲôҪĸ۵Ĺðǿɲһָס̧ͷһۣſҪʿСƤЦⲻЦЦ
СɾĲ˰ɣһΪ׵ĻǴһ˿ڽǼȻӦǿߣʰѸҲǲѴ֮ģ֤˭ð˹ӡ
˵ˣ⣬Թӵݣֵĵڣ
ǣܸŹӣǵ
һһ͵ģȴǰŵʿ˸ǺӲûҿҪȥƾôֱʻ˳š
һҿݻľ¥ͣ£СƨƨߵĴŷ³ӣ˵³õľ¥ˣȻûȣǣСط빫Ƚһ°ɡ
΢˵ͷžһȣţ絭ˣҲǳԵ㶫
λӣ¥Сĸ׼õż䡣
һеģûûģһƣСǻ˿ЦĴ
ˣ¥ϸҸλþУżҲûʲô˼
Ҫż䣿⻰СпɾЩƲˣΪʲô˲õһżǮ᲻ͣʲôżҲûʲô˼װĺʹͷƵء
ֻǣûͷת꣬ͱǰҹŽӲӵ⿴ۡ
þƺò˵Ŀžϣĥĥ䣬ġ
ʶץסԷԹĶ˲䣬Сȴǲһ
ţûɣǽӰ
ӣʲôȫǴ𰡣˵⣬Ҳ˲ĴŻߴð
һ˲䣬תһ˿ССĲмѾϵĸɸɾ·ûгֹһ㣬ȡ֮ģɹıֺá
ϣү룬С͸šüЦİѷ¥õλ£СæҾ
Ц𿴾ǼŽӣǿǽӰһĹҲֲһŽӰ
ʮڲԶңң𾯽䣬СϸİӣӶһ飬뷽
ӿӵʱ䣬þƺò˵ıͬˮ
үмƲȵȣһСľ͸ͷĴչСĵЦŴֵ
¡ưĵͷڷԸһָʹӣֻһӵܵʣȴҲ˿ͻأ
ϣʲôԸ
˵³ǣиʲôһеͣ˵˵ȣС裬ʵ
Űү˵εӿִˡ˵⣬СԾķŵ˲٣СĻͷƺûʲôע⣬ż˵ǲ֪ǰЩӣҼˣ˵Ǳ˴ɱģҳһ࣬ǿҲ˻ֵĲɿ
ҼȻᱻ˴ɱһȻľ˳ʲôЦģһʵǿ֮ôͱ˴ɱˣ
˭˵أҼǿأҲ֪ʲôˣȻôҪ˵Ҳϸҵùƽվв٣Ҽһӿɲùˡ
ǿߣƲƲ죬粻мҡͷ˵أԭǸѣҵǸ߿ˡ
Ǹѣ
Сһλʲô˰Ҳ߯˵ɣ
ǣӣҲ룬ֵطļ壬ܸǱȣ⣬С漴ڵһ죬ǾѾ˲õǿˡ
ƲƲ죬ӱǿһ漴˵ˣҲǳ棬ͼģҲĹôֻ࣬Ҫǵͷϣȥ
ȣ翪ʼ˹ĳԷӶ˵ʮ㣬һ֪Ǵҳӵܡ
СȻҲٶţʵʵȥֻ⻰ȴ̲ס˳ȥ˵˲õҫ֮ǿǵĹӰ
ţޣſǹۿӲӵ⣬ɲǽô
ִ˭ýӴͣ
¥̾ľۼأã³һλǵĹӸϢܴȫˡ
ǹһ˿Ц⣬˳ŴƳһҵķɱʢ
һϹԶ𼱣ŲǸոտʼ¶ѡ
̿͵ʣɲôģܵȫ³У


һ ڶʮ ϱһ
ⲽ˫ָڱüͷӸλѾܾûΪѹˡ
Ϲʵ̫ͻȻˣ³˵һ
ԭ֮УЩǳϹһֱҵĿţԼѹţ£ѾҶˡ
ԭЩ֮໥˭Ӯ˭ģҲԭͲҪںģֻҪһ컹³ǳλϣûܹĵλ
ֻǣȴͬˡ
ǱߴϢĺĵӶѾ˳Ҫִһ˼ǣӱЩһЩû񱳾Ķһ
źͨ壬ı㲻ܹ³ǳһʵֶΣҲмĳɷ֡
еʱһڣ˶ˡ
ƫƫʱϹˣ
ǣ³Ϣһʣĳͻᱻֱ¡
ոյϢƺǵĹӸ絽³ǡ
ͻȻ֮䣬ƿţ˵
˵ʲôüͷһ³˼֣Լˡ
иС˺ͻǣԳǴģӰڵĺ㣬˽ˣԷȴʷǷ²Ǽðġ
ǵĹӵܣ΢һ£³϶ʱ¶һ˿ζЦ⡣
ֱ˯ͷԼոջڵı仯߾Ȼ˴٣õúܡ
ȥҪλĹӸ硣豭һڣ³ʱ¶˾ġ

ӣиŮˣԳҵˣӡ
һݺݺİΧҵ磬С
Ŷüͷһ¶һ˿Ц⣬ŮƨһѣǳŪĿڵŮˣôƯô
Ȼ֪ߣǲƯСҲʱüŪ۵ЦţСӦ
үᣡߵļŮʱĽס˷⣬ͷ
˺ˣ֪ˣȥȥͻءƿߵŮҲĸ£ôҡڵĸСȥ
ҵŮˣ¾λҴСɣ٣˼ĺܣһΣԼûݣҲûл֣ԼҪһİɣ
ӣԶԶĿ̤˿æǷ
Ȼмɫ˳Ūͷţһ飬Ȼڵɡ
ǡȻԷĻԴŵϷζǣȴҲʲôɫϢԷǵĹ幫ӣԶһܹġοһˡ
ֻǣ̧ͷ巽˲䣬ȴʱʧɫЩվˣ
磿
ɫĴʯǳ֣֮壬ǮҲδܹĵҪǣԷϻһλߵʣưĮ
ǡⶼص㣬صǣԷ͸һģһ
ҼҹӵҲܽеģ边ֱС˶ʱЦĽѵ

Ȥʲôţǰɣ֪ӵģȤĴ裬Ȼڵ
˵⣬С𣬵³֮󣬷ǴûǰԼֵģŮô֪ģĪʶ
뵽⣬ȴҲٺǳ⣬ʵʵ˵һߡ
Ҫ֪ǲǰűµģֻ֪Ĺ壬Ҳף֮ǰǲʶʲôˡ
Ƿ磡ɫ䣬ŵĿŷ㡭ô⣿
üͷȻһɫ¶һ˿֮ɫȻǴ֪ģٸ˲ݹֱӲ
¶һ˿ͣ裬һӵܵɣĮԵ
⻰һȴǶʱŪͿˣĪԼϴˣ
Сĵٴδһŷ֣ԷƺӡеķЩͬģʮȴҲҿ϶ˡ
ǶԷɣǸԶ̬ҲȻͬ
һ˳αϵԸȴǺαġ
ʱеɻ漴ǿЦ˼ϴˣ빫Ӽ¡
ˣʱȤ˼˵˾Ȼ籾ӢΣ
⻰ȴǲûҭްϾȻ޳֮ô
뵽һ棬еɻ󲻽ֵ˼֣ǸϧѪļһҪӵӦôҲһ˲Ŷԡ
һɫӣǴ빫ӹһ𣬹ԶӦԾ֮ˡ


һ ڶʮ ϱ
ûȤɴľܾ·ͻȻʲôСĵĿһۣһĶι˵Ů㲻ǿ˰ɣҸ㣬ӾԲˡ
⻰һʱ㱻Ѫǹ˼ɷصݣҵĶˡ
ޣŻῴǵĶ棡
ǣ޳ܵĻ쵰Ȼ˵ˣѵԼôԣްһ֬ζǸպЩҪŮ˹̫޳ˡ
ȻôٱϣǾԲ¶ֺġ
ǿЦһ£˵Цˣ費빫ӶѣӲضġ
ǿ˰Ǹȥˡ¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫƲƲ죬û˵
޵ҧгݣֱո˭˵˵ģ
ƺʲôڵˣȷ°ɣ˲٣Щ죬ˣһȥˡ
Ѿܶô
΢΢һݣǼ˼֣ϹȻǸʲôɵĺ£ΪˣҲͬܵǣҵλ½˲١
ҪǣҴһ˻ᣬȻҶ֣ǲ֮֡
ڣɾǼΪؼܹȡ֧֣ڻڵΣдõģ֮ҲܻΪҸԴͷ
빫Ӻúÿһ£ΡҧڳһЦŷ
¹ؼ˼Ҳϧˡ
¶֮ɫЦĽС֣ա
ȵ뿪ЦݶʱһְƲϣԸ˰ɣԺҵرңһŲ
棬ɲʺٵȥЩǲȥġ
˵أǸСŮȻҲʸֱ֦ǳ롣貢⣬Сæ侮ʯĸ͵
Ҳһָû棬΢΢˫ۣɿľơ
ʵϣƺԶȷ統ĸˡ
ɢʹ˺ֶܶΣŶ׫ĪеݣΪ˲¶ھ¥һһݣò˽˺ܶ£Щˣһƭ
ԭΪ֮ҲҪЩҵᣬֻǣڿҵĴƺԼĸⰡ
Ȼ޷죬ʵϣҲǴкܶģ㹻ʱ䣬˼ҲδؾûʶƵĿܡԣڷ˵ʱʵϣҲѾˡ
ӣˡ

˵Ǹ糤ķǳ񣿡΢΢üͷʵ
ֻݣʣԸ̸ֹ̫࣬ҲŲҿ϶˵ͷ͵
ҲǸ޹ؽҪСӣͷɷֱ档һ뿪˵Ѿӣ֮磬Ϊ磬ðģֻҪʱҴݣȻ֮ء
һ£ͼ˵ǵĹ幫Ӹ磬ū˼ǣСҵĵλ˿ԶҡҲżԻǴ̽ݡ
΢΢һЦһ£ȴҲףңĻҲɲˣֻҪԼ޸Ҳ޿ܡܷҲ뷴
ȻҲףҵʵֿҲ첻ǣҲòĴ̽ҪŪԷݣԲǶʱܹ쵽ġ
뵽磬ȴǲһ
ǣصĹĲôǸѵļһģ뵽Էǹȵ֣֣㲻һļ¡ɱģһɱ֮ʱʱߣʳѰ

ˡ΢΢˹֣Ǽ񣬷Ȼû˿ηǽţǼƻȻûаѶԷʲô˲Ĵ
ͫ΢΢һ³жڷȴǲ߿һۣⶫվ˭װװǾþӸλԺ֮ˣִһĳȻ᲻Ծ¶һ˿ġ
ǣʱǹɵ⣬ȴԲܹװġ
Ҳûʲôֵģ׫ȻǼٵģǣԷһֶΣǸͳҲȻ̫£οһˡ
˵ȴǵв֪ӸγƺЦҡҡͷ³
ԣó˼Цˣշһ֡ЦЦ򵥵˵Լ֣ڶԷĵ⣬ȴֲֻᣬ·ѹûԷ˼һ㡣
һƣ³Ҳ׷ʣ롣



һ ڶʮ ̽ƣ
ǣȣ̸¡
̤һ̣һһţÿһϸڶ޿ޣǼǶ˲Ʒķʽĸ³ǳŴӵܡ
롣
ڲǰ³ּһӲ˷뷽ǰĵ
ֻĺ⣬ȴƺûܵõĻġ
΢΢üͷɫؽǰСƿתźŮ鷳ȡһ˫
ʵڱǸˣһԴ³æǸƽպŮԷϰˣһʱǷԸ׼꣬ǸǸ
ƭذɣѵЩ˵ԸҪֻ̽类ɱˡ
Цһȴ˿¶پƱʾ⣬һ
³˼Ȼף޷Ǿ̽ԼݶѣСǶӦȥԼǧ˰ٻˡ
ЩСϰߣɲװһ¾ɻصģϰߣƶӵܾѧٶ֪ʶʱҲһǻ¶ӣ˵ľᣬ֮ء
˵֮ǰΪûõȷеݣ³мֻɵĻôݵĽӴȴѾĻɽ͡
ںӪĶԻ֮н³ͻȻ򷽴ӼѧԨ֪Σ
Զһ෹ǲѡЦһ£ͷش
ոշаڷŵΧ壬һһ޶Ȼ
ˣ̸һΣĿ˷һۣ³
Ҳ
ٴν鷿ںӣԸ˶뿪֮³⣬ӣ˴ε³ʲôҪ죿
΢ЦУЦҲ̸ʲô飬ǳɢɢĶѣ˷ȥ֮󣬱ҪгԺǾûôˡ
Ŀ΢΢һ³аԵͷȻйذԷǴҵӵܣγѡʵĳ׼ֶѡ
ɲʲô¡
³ǣԷǿ³ǣȥҪԼӿɾʹˡ
Ŷ֪Ӷ³ǵĻô
·𿴴³˼һ˿޵Цһ·֮ϣҲ˼ɫĳУȴֶһ³ǣ˵ϲȴжˡ
⻰˵ļ˼һԼҪҪ³֮λһ棬ȴҲиþӵ˼Լˣ³ҲδؾͲܡ
Ȼ⻰Ҳм̽˼ϾЩϢҲֻòĴģȷǲһˡ
³ǹ˵Ǳ³ʵǲʲôһӣ³ĵĿڵ
˹ǫˡ
ЩЦЦ⣬³ԭǿͣʲôĵطʱϸ˵ôҲίǡ
֣³ҧؼ֣кǲԶ
ǱлˡаԺЦȴҲƣ΢Цӡ
ЩдһϵܣһϸǣҲôԵ֡
СȣȣЦŴӦ
ˣϸѾ֮󣬻Ὺһ磬ʱ³ǵĹ嶼ǰϵû£Ҳո֡ϸҲýᣬһ㣬в۵ļһðϵܣΣ
Ŀ³һۣƬ̣ŻͷˣǱ߶ϸˡ
ϣȻû¶˿ɫȻʵϣȴѾˡ
ʵ̫ˣȫǵĹ嶼ҪҪȻҲҪģܹЩֶΡõĻ᣿
³ʱǹˣڴõȷеϢ֮ǰǲỳԼˣһϵԼܹǶˡ
һ˲䣬ȻʼƣĿȻȻϣ˼ȴѾˡ

Ǹȥ˳
յϢʱ̲סüͷȴһĪķ꣬·ʲôõҪһ
ڳǴжʱող뿪ӣƺ̸
Ŷ⣬ȴǲ΢һЩ˿ӦòǵǸļһŶԡ
ֻǣԼô죿
ԤƣڿʼҵҲƱػ취ӽˣٲ취ռȻҿɾʵ̫ˡ
ǣһЩ˾ȻæȨѹûһΣУհ


һ ڶʮ ׾ӵıݣ
꣡
ߵĽΪ飬Ƥ͸һ˿Ĺɢһķâ
ʱ̾ϳݣЧȫǽϴɵıˡ
ȻĽҵ֪ҲŸŶ̶һµʱ䣬ȻӲƾ벿ϴɣı֣һ̬ܹݵˡ
һ壬𽥽ڵϢƿţ˳
ֵزϰ벿ϴѾ޷ṩκΰˣ˵ǿȣ˵Ѿﵽ˺۷壬ҪԽһˡ
ֻҪõϴ°벿аڶʱͻƵ쾳硣
뵽⣬жʱһâЦһ£ȥ
ӣѾ׼ˣʱԳ
Ȼ븰绹һʱ䣬СȴѾһж׼ˣ˿
ԸȥҪԡ¡Ե˵ͷ漴ڷԸ
ո꣬һϢҲδɢҪһʱɣմнĩȻš

丮
үסˣһҪ취ǸùϵͷֻҪܽΣǵ֮ļѡ
ĵͷߵˣģүףҽǱߣҪС˵ҴûŮǣȴҲ̫ɡ
ļͥͺʲôˣοӱ˿ںлᣬԲɵп谭ϼ֮λĽ㡣
ҵˣүҲĶ˼һ˿ǿûʲô˼
֪ˣ֪ˡ͵İ˰֣ʱߣɱٵˡ

ϵܣ͵ˣϸһ¡
յ֪ͨ³ӭ˳һ󼵶ʡ
ڣЩӣ³Ҳǳˣһ˼Щ˾Ͳµ˷ݣҲû˻Ҳʹ졣
λּҼУҲǿߣ³˲õǿ߰ŷߵһλɫߣ³ؽܵ
⻰һˣԷӦþ³֮һּҵļҲԼҪصע֮һ
΢֣ǴкȴҲûʲôرıʾһ˵
λżҼŰϵҲʶһ°ɡ
Ȼ̬Ҳʲôֻͬǣ̬ȣȴҲ˲ϾݰǣĹ竣ǳϻ̳ϿֵģǲǷҪˡ
ˣҵҲˡһƳԶߵ裬³Ц
λҴС㣬裬ҵĶү
üͷһƤЦⲻЦĵôҲʸ񣬻ϸʸҾȻôСһ
ϵˣҼǰЩӸոȥ˶󰡡
ĴӱǿкһȤɨһؿڣСﵹЩ˼ҿҼˡ
⻰Ȼƺһ˵Ȼȴ֮⣬ȫȻûں˸ܵ˼
˵Цˣ費һСŮӣĿ˷һۣǷ
ҲЦЦת³һȥ
ĹҲֹҵģȴҲͺԹȥ³ԵİֽһЩˡֻȴûôõĴˣȴֶʡˣԷ˶Ŀ·𲻹Щèһ
ʽʼһʱ䣬³˸뿪ȴǹЩһӴĻᡣ
ʵϣνҲˣʽʼ֮ǰøҵиӴĻᡣ
ӣ֪Ƿпգһ˵³ߣæĴ
ŶüͷƺЩͣ۳˳Ǵһ˿ڽȴҲδ˵
ĲмСĵƲһ£һζЦݣٴ
Ҳգ£Ǿɡɨһۣĸ߿˼ܿΧˣС򷽴ӣڼҽ㣬Ȥô
ǷѾ쵽ԷûʲôӣȻȻֱ׵ʳҲǲһЦҲ𻰣ôһԲ
ƾһ̣Ҳ趷ֱЦԼ˵ĴȴƺΪ


һ ڶʮ 赶
ˣҲȦˡƺûʲôӦֻü˵ڵƣȷҲжţҪ֧֡
Ǵһ˿Ū֮ɫ粻̲Ŀڵӿûǵ¡
ѵӶԼҽ㵱ûһȤôҲ͸һ˿ѹ
ȤҲӦ̸ɣȻһĲɵӣƺûж֮
˵ЦˣֻҪ֧ҵϼ֮λһŮˣѵܷôһ˵ʱû˿Ĺ˼ɣӣ룬ҽվǸŮˣҪֲҪѵɾʹĶˡֻ֮ҪСС֧һңܸ㣬һԡ
Ȼ޳˵㣬ҲЩ㷽ҲòϣԼ̰ͼɫ竣һջԲС
üͷƺЩĶ̧ͷ´һλҵĶү
е˼ˡ΢΢۾絭Щ
Ӧǿ϶ҪӦģ߶Լдãֻǣ⻰ȴԲܴӦ̫ˣ¶ʲô
΢΢һͣȴҲԥֱӾͰѵƷ˳ڼУҲΨһ̳˰ɣֻҪԮ֣պұȻȫֹ֧ӣҪǮҪˣ޶
ֱ͸һˣǰˣ۾ûգһ¡
Ƿ磬ҲòһĹˣ˸ûܾ
տƾ˫ֱأָڸ첲ߵãųڵ
ӣҪβţɴ̯̯֣Σ
ҴӲʲôԡüͷг⣬ȰλҰɣˣȻ˵
⻰˼ͷǳˣΪⳡ׵ĳ֮һǰԷһǣãڣƾݣʱԸһ
ܵģʲôѱڶԷǣ⻰˼ȴԲȥѣҪΪвİѱ
ĬƬ̣ڻͷã뿪֮һ˰͵Ӹϡ
һΪ̧Ƴһ£Զ裬¶һĨζЦ⣬漴ơ
ȻԸԼΪʲôҪܾأ

䲮ʲôôվ͵ߣѯʵ
жϣ˵ʣ뵱Ǹʵ̫󡣡룬ͼ˵Ҹոϸ۲Сүʱ򣬶û¶˿쳣ģװ٣Ӧò޷졣
ΪǿߣţԷκһ΢СƵʼӿ춼Ӳĸ֪ǣһȴƫƫҲ˿覴
үȥôãҲ֪ûջ񡣡üȴվҰʶ̽ȥ
³磬Ĳ˵³ҵļҲǿߣǾȥġһֳʲôľٶɾͲһ仰ܹܹȥˡ
üͷǽһĪΣС

֮ԼҲҽڸӴ
ЩͶֻǳֹ̽û˵ʲôʵԵݣֻԼʱ䣬ټ
˺ЩӪ԰ףԼҲϸ
죬³һ󣬸Ƕȥ
Ȼû˵³˼ףԷҵȽӴҪһң³ǾȶֻҪΥһԭôͻԥַ֧硣ʵʱ򣬸ѹø档
֮ǹ˼ɷݣҲҪһЩ鷳ġ
䲮Щ˵뿪æǰոҺͷ̸̸Щµøһ¡
ȻϣֻǸˣǣһֱϹߣ͵ĵλȴЩȻģ֮λʱ򣬸žصĵλ
Ŷ룬ʱӦʱΣ˭ȻҲ̸ܺЩʲô
˵軹˽ּ֮λûκ𣬶һƫҲȫ֧衣
¶һ˿֮ɫʱ
¶һ˿֮ɫһĻ˻֣˼ǰСʶ˼ţǵ뷽ʲôЭĺһʱ䣬ȴǸûʶΣĽ١
̤̤
һͻȻ𣬼ʮ丮Ļʱ
ֱ˿̣ȻĶʱ˹ȵס
С㣬үȥһˣ



һ ڶʮ Ľϴ
ӣ丮ˣ˵Ǹһ
ոջãûļ·ЧʣǷ磬Ҳ΢΢һ漴ЩЦ
Щʱ򣬵ҲܹƾԼĲ²⣬Լãλүǿ϶ģһתۣȻͰ˸Լô
⵶ǱԼиĶడ
ӣһӣҵ˵˵ҪԴ򿪡ƨƨߵСЩ޵˵
ڷߣ˲߿һۣҵˣȴƺûôһ仰Ͱ˻
˼Ը˸Ұ̧סûҵĻ˭ҲܴӡķԸһ䣬漴Цʼȥ
ǡӣȥģ
ԡ£Ǵһ˿ζЦ⣬µİ˰֣ȴһȤûС

˵ҵ̧ȥˣ
΢΢۾³ٴȷϵ
ǣˣСۼ˰̧ӵȥģֻǲ֪ʲô
ˣȥɡĵ˵ͷ³˵ͷʾ˸ͣӻ֣˴˳ȥ
Ϊ³Ҫڷ߲üʵ̫򵥲ˣ˵Ǳ߷κ飬
ȻĽչȴǱи˳Ķ࣬ҵ磬ҲԼ˼ɣ
ʣµľȷ϶Էˣֻȷ˶Էжܾ¶ע

̣
һתĸоԼ֫ڴϣ·ȫһ
ת֮䣬ǼĽԼε龰жʱһɬԼôŬڼЩ˵ҲվֻһŮˣλȴԶġ
ô¶һ˿Ц⣬ƷŲ裬Ȼڵ
ӣ巽˲䣬赱ˣǰԼ˷磬Իȡֵ֧ġ
ʵë⣬СҪҪʼ磬ָԼߵλã˵
ҧҧŴӴŷ磬з侲ӣǵܴܵӦʲôֻҪܷңҿԼӱ㡣
ŶµĴ裬粻첻ʵ˶Ѿ͸ңѵʲôܱҶô
˵⣬еϷ֮⣬ȴǺڵı¶˳
΢һ£軺ҡͷ̧ͷŷȻǹӵģǹӿϷһȥҿԸӸ࡭˵ң
ң⻰һǷҲΪ֮ݣ࿴輸ۡ
ΣֻҪӵͷԸȫȫ̷ӡ
Цҡҡͷɫת䣬Ŀ裬ҾͲˣС㣬绹ȰǷҵĶҰɡ
˵⣬ʱΪ֮һ䣬ϵҲͬʱΪ֮һ䣬ָǸĴ̿
㣿һ˲䣬ʱɫ䣬Ҳ޷Ǹ侲ı顣
ŵ˵ֱһ̣оһѾԼƿأǵĺȫȴ·Ⱥ¸˻ս
С㣬ƺðЦһĮȻ˵СܼǷҵʲôôҪҪٰһ£
еѾɭذףв֮ⲻԶ
ĬƬ̣ڿЦϴҿԸ㣬ǣҪӦһȥ
㣬ûʸ̸ָ°ϣƽĿڵһΣǲ
һ˲䣬ĴӷпɭȻɱһִֻҪܾԷ̾ȡ
Ȼ֪ԷҪϴǣԷɭȻĿ⣬ȴƫƫ˿Ľ֮ģȥһ˿ĸʡ
ҴӦ㡣ɬ̱ϣûһ˿֮ġ
ǿƵ̬ȣѾ׻һ˿ĵֿʶ
Ⲣһ仰һģ뷽ʶһϵ̵´ѹ
÷Ļ˵Ǿƣһ۶ԷĵֿպݺݵĽԷһл롣
Ľ棬ЧɵѶƹõĶࡣ
Ǵһ˿΢ɲЦ⣬ϵɱһ·ֱǸ޺Ĺ幫Ӹ磬˺޲һ١



һ ڶʮ ŮˣǷҵģ
֨
̶ĽĦȻӷͬһ㣬һ󷢺ȻϤһе迴ŷӿǵһϢȴǲһɬ
ϴͷңôˣмҵӵܹס־ҵʹ࣬аģ
Ŷõʱ䣬һʱʱ羹ȻѾйؼ˳˵һٶ̫ʵ̫˰ɣ
⵹Ҳֲ裬֪ΪɽӣصľԣľΪȻԶܹġ֮󣬱ķֱ졣
νʹ࣬̿͵ģǻʹЦ

ӿ³һ͸һ˿ϲ֮ɫһ£ȷƪϴѾԼ£ֽĬֻȥ
ӡһ˿֮ɫ迴ŷ磬ſڣȴվ֪˵Щʲô
еĵƶѾ˳ȥڣԼѾѹû˿Է̸еʸ
ΪޣΪ⣡˿̲ʵдա
ýţʱûɱڵȤĽţȻһЦȻ˵
ôĬƬ̣ǿԼ侲һЩ̧ͷŷ硣
СļƺĲ˰ѵˣܰʲôôǴһ˿Ŀڵ
ͫ΢΢һʱĿ࣬˵
ôܲǸ쵰ǰ͸˼Ūģǡѵ쵰ҪռԼô
ӣͲˣҪĶҲѾõˣαںôһСŮӣ
ǣҾãں˼㲻ôЩЦĿ裬̯֡
ֱһ̣ŷӦǰԼ⣬û֪ݡ۷Ҫôڣûֹܹ
һ˲䣬ĵײðһɺ⣬丮Ļ·ɻڶߣ˲
ɱ֮
ôʼ磬΢ЦŵͷܱǸҵ˳ˣ˵Ļȴġ
ȻϴЦ⣬Ȼ⻰ڵ˲䣬ȴĸоһȻɱĮпᣡ
㻹ҪҶ֣ȻǱ˵ȴһǿҵĹеġģֻôңǻҡ⻰ܲĺ
㵱ڣҪɱ֮ʱӦ뵽ġ¶һ˿Ц⣬ûֻɱˣұɣ
뵽ҵȴҲһЦҲȷǰѵǿô
ͻȻ䣬ȴȻһ⣬Щ־Ŀʵ
ɣʲôˣ
ϵЩǻ벻ĳЩ̫ΣҲ̫ˡȻҲûаѷϵһ𣬱ϾߵĲʵ̫ˡ
㲻ãʵ̫ôɨһۣ絭ڣ̧һָüġ
һ˲䣬ٴʧȥ֪
ĮȻ裬СָߵţвԾ¶һ˿ɱ
Ů˻ǲɱģɻԶûеʱء
ŮˣǷҵġ

ӣҪôͭĸһĸͭ߰ƷСĪʵ
棬ôûķ˷ۣĿڵ
ϴЧȻԣĵĽȴҲԲԼѾͻƵĹؼʱ䣬˿ϧ
Ϊ˲ҵע⣬ûֱչø߰ĽƷ棬Ȼ߰һЩдƭƽףҲ̫ϧ
Ժҵһͣȫ͵ȥУҪ˫ݵġ
С˲΢΢һһ
ʲôٷϻϽȥ׼һءһ̧һ䶫ŵȫ򷢳ȥŻӣƳһڴϣȻŵ裬ԹԵ
һܵʱ䣬缸ûôţһƷûûҹ
ҹӴ£Ҳȫû˼
˳ԷʱŪѣȻΣ˿ûϧ˼ȲҲз˼Ū輸Ҳ˿ûиı˼
跢ҲãҲãװװҲãûκεĸı䣬ڷ˵شԶֻһ䡣
ŮˣǷҵġ
ɱĶ𱨣Ȼǲǵġ
ȻûʲôȤʱҲɱϢҪһģ̫ܲǡ
Ȼ˵Ŀ֮£ڵҲͬɱ䣬ƺʱпͻƵ֮

丮
үǸ磬ϵչƷĥţйŹְ
ŶüͷĪ׷ʵʲôˣ
ʲôɣ˵һͶ͵ȥġ
⣬ȴǶʱ̲סЦȻ˰һȻĲֺ٣
˵ЩƷȻҲû̫⣬Ҫϴ취ŷȥõİɣ
أϴɲôģ˵Ѿ˼ˣʵǿΣңվҪԼƿصġ
ˣȥҵ˵£չһˡ
ǣү


һ ڶʮ ƻ

ɷȴǲЦԼˡȻԼһף
תһ룬ȴҲСˣҪһ̬ң˵ҵ֪ԼĹϵͬһ㰡
⵹ǴͦãԼôһˣٶʱڣǲ㶯ˣһзԵȻҲ֮
˵Լѹûа˼УҲѾЩˣվǴ̫֪ӡ
΢΢ҡҡͷһֱ̧Ӱӵ˵ϣʲôʱܵϣҡ
ˣʲô⣬ҲùţĵͷСȴǱȷΪգνūĺ壬ļΪ͸
˻֣ҲĴԼСˣ羶Ի˷䡣
ңҲ֪ʲôŮˣȻԵĹŶĳɺޡЩӣ˸ͷҲû̫أȻǱЩߵģֻ⻰ȴû˸Ҵġ

̣
Ҳ֪˶ãתȴδͬһβ
СĵĴһ£ŷ֣羹ȻϥڵϣΧ˽ƷȻϴ
ԥһ£СĵĴһɫѾɺˣȻһʱʱˡ
һ̣費ȻĶ
ЩӣǰĥĹǺһ챻˴Σ˳Ծ˯ֱռӣʹޡ
ᣬ̫˰ܹûɱ˷硭
ͷתתֱӱˣӰʵ̫ˣֻҪ뷽ǺֶΣողźò׹ʱɢ˸ɸɾ
ûֻ֣Ǳһ٣߱ΣǣǱԼҪɱĻǿɾˡ
ܰɣСĵĴһ·磬ĹĵĳŷȻһ˭Ҳ׵ƣȷȻû˼Žȥ
֨
ű򿪣һ̶ʱŵСĸһûιȥðûзӦźò״һСĵؿڣغ÷ȥ
ʲôˣ
û߳ԶԺĻʱ裬ǳ
ǹӵŮˣҳȥ£ǻÿָڿָۣĴƣԼ侲ŵĺǳٲȻһŮ˵ļơ
ӣʱΪ֮һͣ˲֪ΪߵˣȻ֪ЩӹһֱŲΪһŮˡˣȻǲǿӲġ
ԥһ£ڻԸóһ·
ͣһţæĶһƥɿȥ
ݴӰʵ̫ˣϽ߼ֻĻΣա

ӣǸŮ˳ȥģܿõϢС˱˷ӳѯʵ
ôǹһ˿аȵ΢ЦȻ豭һڣŻ˵裬ҪһݲŻζļƷ˺òġ
˵ոС˻ֻЩĻôǾǳױŪͿˣʲô˼
ʱ֮ȥң
ĿɿڴĿŷ磬СȴԽԺ
ȥɣʲôʣʲôҲ˵мƽϡķԸһ䣬豭µļȲ裬ȴȫȻûٽ͵˼
֪ôܣ
̿͵ģҪʶΣʶûУ粻֪Ҫٴˡ
ԷֶǣôԼѣ
֮ԣЩӣÿ춼׼ʱΣΪľһ̣һܵĻᣬôȥ
³˼Ѿˣʱ򣬼ǷҲֱӶҶ֣ңҲûǸʵ³ѹţ壬ҲͶҶ֣
һжҪһƻһ³òҵɣ
ʣڣҪ취ƻ
ܰɣҸ㷴ĻᣬҿûǸʵҡЦһ£ָһĽâʧ٣
ЩûûҹϴҲѾˣֻһ̤֮ܳ
򵥵˵ǺһǵѾԽֻҪһתܳװѺתΪˡ
һ˿âɱʱ֮ӿ



һ ʮ ɱһ
ʲôˡС㣿СˣСˡҵȻǲ֪Щµģҹʱæͨ
˵ʲôһȴǲûιȥȻˣôܣѵ类ʲôԻɣ
뵽ԼѶŵʱҲ˱Ÿи㷣ܹ鲻Ƿı⣬ҪĶֽ֧˰ɣ
һ뵽⣬亹ʱˣ͸ʱ򣬼ǾһȻ󲨵ġȻûǣȴҲֻ֪ǰѹһʱҲûͷѡ
ǣڣȻˣ
ȻҲδģӹǲٵģ·ڳһνӣС⵽棬ֵĿں㣬ЩȥˣСܿˡ

͸һĨɱȴǰɫûи
㣬⻰ɾͲˡٷֱ棬ֻǣʱȴǸĸϻġ
ˣټмҪԱ䲮ҲҪ죡һ뵽״˳󣬼Լ˻еķӦһļ£ĸٵʱ䡣
ޣ֪˼˶ٴˣȻһˣ磬ߣɫֹһ䣬񶾵Ķ裬ȴǲת˼ͷ
ȻݺݵһΣǣҵĵλȴҲСӣ֣µټҹҲ˲һٷĹͰ˾ˡ
Ѿͷô£ҹİЩϼһﶼ
Цһ£赭ЩȥʲôطλҲ֪
Ҳ⣬ֱӴϣģûǼƽҽҲӻģҪ˵Ļһ䣬νǹ幫ӣʵǵһɱδķ硣

⻰һȫһƬȻԼĶˡ
Ǹʲôݣ˵䲻ģһѳҵĻôǵĹ幫ӣ
˵֪˵ʲôһ仰˵˵þͻٵšһȴòӲͷƤ
⻰ҪģǸϵɾʵ̫ˣĲ˵٣¾;Ĩȥˡͷһˣһ͵֮ء
ʱȻļΣ͸һ˿ɭȻɱǳͲ룬Ҷûˣ㻹ʲô

һ仰»ȥ˵λûһʵԣѾ׿ڳϣҴʳ˽ϴҼٴ󵨣ҲҵЦ
ôܣ
ûʱ˵ЩˣҲӳģܿͻᷢߣʱƱػٶҶֵġüͷ˵£ҲûзŹҵ˼ıɱ֮ŵʱܻʵ֣Ѿ֮ʣλ׿˽ģһҶɹ˴ѹء
˵Ǹ磬һССĺߣƾʲôвңԲĿڵ
˭֪ݣһΣȴľûˣҲ֪ʹʲôֶΣȻҲƭˣݣ壬һҳ֣λаԱô
⻰һжһݣһ˿ȵΣС
ǰ³壬ʵ޼ܹõ֣ҲôǣΪĶսϹɣ̾ƽⱻˣ
ϣȷʵʲô¡
ҪǣǸͲҪ֤ʵݣֻҪһ仰ɣ³Ҳָ𡣵ʱ򣬲߶ʮһңȵϷˣǷַǼٵģΣ
ڳĿûɵϣһˣ룬Ӧ֮ǰų棬ҴİϷ
ҹζ࣬ھҪ֡
һǣ棬Щ˵̾ͱţܿͳһ
Ṳ̊ƽ丮
˴ͬʱͻȻ˷Ű
һ˲䣬Ŀⲻ΢΢һԼһ˿ͷ
ӦʵЩϣȥˣҲߣôһҪˣҲ̫˰ɣ˵޴ΪƾһˣЩҿ⣿
Ĳ˵䲮֮⣬ҵǿߣҲѾص˰
һʱ䣬˵Ŀⶼٴ䵽ϡ
ĻȻû˵ǴȴҲףָŮ˭һʱ䣬ĿУҲ˼
ĹҲͰˣԷһСӣȴƫƫѣҴСŪˣ˵ŮɾͶˡ
һ󰵺ޣֻǽ͵Ļȴʵ˵ڣ˵ҲûŰȥһݣһʲôûǷԼϣҲŰ
ץסҪ쵰



һ ʮһ ɱ
̤ʯһɫȻɨȫ彣ббţ͸һĨϢһ֪ǹ幫Ӹ磬Ȼȴܸ˸оȱ˼ɷ
ʮ󣬵ɱȻ
ȻʵұǱ㲻ֵһˣڷݣϣһһ㡣
㵱Ҫ̤ƽô
ÿСӣϷҪ̤ƽң˵֮䣬ҵǿڸϵ͸һĨɭȻɱһ֮䣬ɷͬˮӿһƵķߵĻƲһ͡
˫ֺʮǹһĨм֮⣬ȻƧС壬һضԺ˵ʲôҲҲڣ
һȴǲûҳǿҪ֪ɲ䲮ˣҳϣƽգϹڵʱҲֿ˵
Ϸҳϣ䡭ǿŭҳϱҪݣȴ룬ѹûϻ˼ֱӾʹ
ͣͣĸУӹаèǰҼ˵
ƽգ㷽ţҲ㶯֣ǣڼȻ֪Ǽðģǻ˿ԥ
΢һ£ֲȻ
ǿߺŭ֣Ͼ裬ֻһƣѾɱκκˡ
һ˿âһְ彣γ˵һնȥ
꣡
һ˲Ľ棬û˿е彣㱻ĵķ飬ͬʱҲ˳ȥһѪĵĵ˼ǿվ
ۣ
µеѪǹһĨ⣬ȴȻû˿ɫãһңȻԱӳ֣ãõĺܣ
Ӹƨ磬㲻ѳĻҲðʲôǹӣޣүЩͱƭȥˣ񻹸ƭô
Ƭ֮䣬Ҳ˳뵽֮ǰƭıϥһգûͷûԵĴ
⣬ȴǲɴЦҵҳˣԭǻ𱾹ӵˣ٣õǶ̫ʴˡ
װҿװʲôʱ򣬴㣬㻹ҲҼװȥ
㲻ǱӵһҲ֪˵͸Ҹҷ͡˭ĵӣһ̤ĨȥǵѪһɭȻЦ
⻰˵ʵ̫ˣһʱ䣬ȴֱӰ͸סˡ
ǰԼһ֮ʣˣ˵һиǼٵأ
ߣҲƭأǵ˷磬ǰԼѾ˼Ӫľ泹׻ôʱֻ£ɱ֮
˽֮ˣҲȲ裬÷Ļ˵һ
˿̣ԼˣȴȻ뵽Լְ˷磬Լ裬˵ҲȦŪԼǡ
ԼòǻҲûʲô˵Ѿ˷Ĺ幫ӣûҵıӻҲ޷ˡ
һˣĻȥֻǸոյĻѳڣȴﻢ£֪Ǻˡ
ôϻ˵ҵˣȴҲˣ鵽زѾǣ˵־ܽˣһ·ߵڵĺáֻҪܹ·磬ôһоͶת
ס֣죬ҶԷ
Ƭ̵ĹˣȴѾܵϢȸ˹
λͲʲôĹ壬ѳĻѡۼԽԽңڰ˶ڷĿ־壬վ
ٵģһΣˣҲ΢΢Щԥ
һŮˣӲûдӦҼ֮λôȻ͸ӳ뱾ӣƳһۣ¶һ˿֮ɫŮˣҲ룬ź˱ӣһܹģ
һ˵ĵˮ©ΪʲôỳңּӵˣԼݣȴССһܹġ
ҽϴɸҳôҿǷҾۿԣæ׳˵ơ
ĵڣϴΪҾѧһ֣ϢͷŶȻסˡ
Цǵ߹⣬Ҳֵñȥѧ¶һ˿֮ɫȻڵҲգǱģҿˣֶΣʲôƨܹġ
µ˲䣬ȴȻԭһӰת˲֮䣬Ѿߣ̧־һȥ
ž
ɴһƣʱֱӰ˹ȥ⻹ͷӦĿ죬һ򷽴ģƵķûɱ֡
ֻǣˣȻĲӰȴҲѾڳĪˣ
ˣĿ¶⣬ûһ˿Ļɡ
Ҫ֪ǿߣҲһ˿ֲٶȰοһߣǺεȵľѧҲϵؼɣ֮ȣνĽϴֱͬһ㰡
ؼǱߵĴ壬˭õĳ
һγ֣аһã˿ԥһһӵĳ㱻У򷽴Ҫ
־ĿֲǼʶģ־ˣʩչˣȴԽ֤ʵ˷ݡ
ǣ˿ɲ֪֮ǰû֣񷽴¶ôһ֣ٽϷݣвŵĵ
Ϊ֮ƣҲֻгĸֺ³û·ʣп֤ҵˡ
תͳֶʱٲ飬ű֣ݺᣬֲɱӿ



һ ʮ ɱ
ƾ㣿¶һ˿֮ɫһ㣬˱ȻƮ˳ȥ
־ʩչٶȼѾﵽ˼ޣǿߣҲͰס
ɭУܹƾ־ͳ˽ϴʵǣʱڣƾһǿߣȻ͸ܻɱˡ
ҲгûΪһŹӰȴֱӷ˾ȷֱԷΧԵĹȷӲӡ
٣ҵģ㲻޳ôһȷ˵ҵ˾Ͳ˳ҲЩ˵ʵ㣬ֻˡ
һǿߣԸһߣȻҪֽˣķʽֱǶ˶ˡ
Ҳһūͣʲôɶ˵ģ˿ΪͲмһ˵ĺһ׷ɱȥ
ӲӲұ㲻ɣ͸һ˿ɱһ֮䣬˷Ȼӭ͵ĽӰ˽ȥ
˻
ľٶȴǶʱΧһЦ㷶ΧԹɢ˹ҲϾǿ߰ٶȶҲͰˣھȻҴ˼ҵĹΧ֮ڣĪǷô
䣡
羢
ֲײǳɢݿĸҵĻ
ۣ
һѪӿϣͷһ̲ס˳еĳѾòˣһ޻ɵĶײԿľȻĽȴ˭û뵽ġ
ڵϣһ˿ѪȴһĨ˵ĵ⣬ζɻô
ôܣ
һʱ䣬ȴˣľȻĿŷ磬Ĳţ⼸Ѿ׵߸֪һߣôܾȻӲǿߣ
ĪǣĪݣǵؼϵؼ
һν֮ʱѹûù羢ģΨһֶ֪ε裬ȴѾ˹ȥ
ھУҶѾ˻ɣ͸Ҫ˵ˡ
ʱ򣬼еˣѾ϶˷ݣȿֲؼ˵ǱߵĴӵܣ˭ţ
ô˵ģ˵˼ѳĻЦֲֿľѧ˵³ˣҲûпˡ
¶һ˿΢ɲЦ⣬ƽɨȫĮȻүС󣬻ûԹôĿң٣õĺܣõĺܣ
Ȼûǣ⻰ев뱨֮⣬ֻҪɵӿ¶ĳ
ʱ򣬼ҵˣҲЩˣ¿ֵ̫ˣǶԷĹ壬˼ңҪô
ҪȻǸɴϸѾͷɡ
Ҳ֪˭ֹһ䣬ʱõ˲˵ͬ¹棬ԵıɱʱݡЩ˿ûᵱģȻ˭ûϵһܹ⣬Ǿȥˡ
ƨұ죡Щ˽ʱ̲סǳ
ˣڼ֮£ֱɵˣ˽ʲôûС
¶ֵزˣȻһ裬ܰƽֱЦ
ϲò
ֵزҲֻƴˣֻ·磬̸еĳ룬ٶһҪ죡ֳô󶯾ȻѾ·ˣʱܸϵһȵˣԷ綯֣Ҳлˡ
һ֣ؽС¡һȴٹ˲ʲôݣһΧɱС
Ϊǿߣûһɵӣһ֣һǿҲ˼ԥһ֡
ת֮䣬ȴǿһΧ磬̣ȴǶʱڳ˶Ūˡ
ʲôЦǿ߰һߵģ񲻳˼̻һھȻͬͷƤһûƤûΧһߣ´ȥҪΪ˵Ц
üͷһ壬ֱһ̣ڸܵһ˿ѹ
ϴɣʵѾﵽ˺۷壬ʱ̤죬һǿߣԱȻݣͬʱλǿߣǾһˡ
ֻǣͬһĳ棬ҲȻû˿η塣
ӹ迪ʼһжڷļ㵱УһʼѪʵҲǹġλǿ߲Ƥ֣ȷЩϣȴҲûдﵽ÷ĵز
ɱ棬һֵ죬ˣܱƵɱԼֻаʵˣܱƵ³ңⱾǷҪľ棡
Ȼľ֮ڣԼһҪԴȴ־Բı»ɱ
аԼʱ䣬ӰȻΪһĲӰֱӼһȺС
Ľ棬־ҲϾͬʱλǿ߿⣬һһУѾңôһ
һң³һӣ⣬£³ǱؽΪһƬ
һ˿֮ɫĴЦǷЪ˹֮УȴȻһĽԸ
ѾƵͶ·ֿ֮⣬Ȼûаּ١
ôûλݣԲͬһ㣬£ֻҲøᣡ
ӦÿˣһյϢ͸λһģǵõϢʱӦöˣҪ˶ãܵˡ
ңԼƫҪǣǧУ
УܵȥˣҲְɣֻҪһʱ䣬ȵǸϵƱؽΪƽأ
ôһ㣬ˣʱסˣߺһҵɱ˹ȥ
һƬս
Ѿ尤˶ˣȻЩöԷ˵ģǻȴҲ÷еһ֧Ųȥˡ
һ֮䣡


һ ʮ ң
ɱ
Ҳ֪˭жµĳȺ֮У־ļ٣Ⱥӧ档
ȾѪ
ɫĳѾѪȾĿĿˣɱ¾֮£ʶԼЩģˣǶ̿ϰ˱־Ե侲£ֻ£ʲôƣȫʵƴˡ
ס֣ס֣
ͻȻ֮䣬³ͬװԶը˲Ϣ֮䣬һɿֲϢȻףȻҲ˵ĺ˲ͣ͡
³Ƕ꣬³ʵɾԲѰǿܹģŭͷųȫƲɵ˲Ծһ˿֮
ҪˣɱҲ뿪
³ĳ֣ʱһ˿ϣʱѾƸۣ˲ˡ
÷뿪ɴɱ͵ǰ˶ˮƵǲòڸˡ
죬ң
ߣַӦԣ³ķζҪըˣô
֮ǰҪܷ磬ǶȺ֮УͶ֮£һʱҲûʲô취ǣһ¶˾Ҫ֣û˹˼ɣλǿͬʱȫ֣˷ΧƬռ䣡
Σ
һ˲䣬ȻܵϢ˿ıһ̤ԷڵλΪģγһԲεĹѺۼԶ
羢
ʮսޱıӲͶײһ
һȭҷɳȥŷ֮ܿҪȴվ޷׶㿪֣˶ʱҷ
꣡
ͷѵĴ˶УڿУһѪ·λһ㣬ĵ˵ϡ
һ֣֮ӰһҪǰٲһ

һΣ³ȴǵŭˣ񷽴Ѿ֪ˣ˲һǱʮҲûˡ֪Ƿ³ǻкεȿµĺô
һ֮䣬һɾͬһ㣬Ȼ˳˳ȥֵĻᶼûС⻹³ķ˲ϸǼƽϵĽ
һ̣ͱ³ס磬˲סϵ˿ڣֹסѪ
ػϢѾ쳣΢·ʱһ㡣
ϵܣϵôŵĶŷ԰׵ף³
ȣ
͵ĿȳһѪĭٴ¶һ˿ɣȴ⡣
һңһ³ǣ٣Ҫƿ³ȴվģÿǲҪɱôӡվţɣ³ǻΪһƬ
еɱȴȫ˿ˣǷ֮ɫ
ϵϢŭĴģϸȻһ˵ͷ罻ߵˣ³ʱһɱȻϯĽڡ
ˣͲʲôĹ壬ѳĻðѣȻ֪⻰ûʲô˵ȴɻǲòӲͷƤ͵
ƨβ³˵Ա˱̿ڷǿۿŵģһŮˣӷѣҲףӲҪ˼͵ѧҾϴް˼ԺʵӲƴǿߣֶΣǵܹģ
ôһ˵Χ˶ʱ࣬һ浹ŷ˵
ǹϵİչֳֶΣʵֲ̫Ļ˻ݣʱ˭˵ҵ
˵֮䣬ļҲͬʱ˹ˣ뷽ȻֻǳʶȴҲһʣ³Ƿ£˵ȥ
س֣Ȼһ
һ˲䣬϶ʱ͸˿ֲɱƳˡ
ˣҵ˵ʵһΣҲŵˣ͵
ôϻˣ̤ƽңһ
ѹͲٷϻʱͬʱɱҡ
˵ǸͲҵĻ֪ǼٵģʱҲҪȽҵġ
΢΢죬³ȴվû
Ȼݻû֤ʵǣȴȥˣֻҪһ˿Ļᣬģǰң֮أ
ν࣬Լж
һˣ³ɫһԸȡȻϵһԽҡ
ң
Ȼֻм򵥵ĸ֣Ȼ˵ȴֱǾʣ
ֱ˿̣ҵһЩûŪףôͻȻ֮䣬ͻ䵽˲ʰĵز
ӣ˸ӣжԶӶԶ
һ٣ʱߺȵ
ҵĸѾתˣΨһģǾһҵѪ˶ˣ
ĮȻɨһˣ³ȴĶ˵һˡ
Ѿסķչˣƫƫͱˣǿɺ֮
ˣӣҸϢ
أͻȻ֮䣬ȴȻ۾һ˿ĮȻҷҵˣû쵽Ҫ˱ӻĵز
ϵܣ
лˣˣߣһڷԸߵĻ
ǣӣ
Щɲ֪һΪ統˲壬Ȼʲô˺ɫ̧ŷԹԵתȥ
˸غ÷ӵסٳ˿ӣǱԴҰɣ
Զȴע⵽ԭӦ˻Եķ磬¶һĨЦͬʱһɵ֮ת
û
Ϊ飬죡
ǿڴˣ̾ͻ֣ᷢ񣬷Ȼڳ֮
ݵϷѾˣҲʱԳˣƾ壬ɲһǿߡ
裬ˣҸ鷳Ҫ˽˲źá
壬Ҳýˣ
ңɻǵãǱɱ֮ŵô



һ ʮ ֮ڣ޵У
ּҡŽƽĿּҼУв˿顣
㲻ٻЩߣȻ㡣ҲƵĿڣƺҲŻɱԷ
鷢չֵزƱ޷³㣬ֺּαظϾɱһ֮飬պҲǣȻ׶Է˼ǿߵĽ棬һһӣɱԷǲɵ񣬵ǣסߵĻȻһˡ
ּĶնɱʵãȻǲģֻǣҴϹͷֻҪһϢд棬ҲҪЧġ
⻰һеɫʱͱˣɱ·ʵʣͣ㣬вң
͵˼ˣм׷ɱȥֻҪȻҲǿԶּҵӵֵġǿߣǲƤһıǺҲԵġ
ͻѣּҲû׼ɣеɱ⣬ƽĿڵó׼ǿȫأȻûвģڣҪּȨ⣬ǷҪһ˿ˡ
˵ȻжԷȨ⣬ʧ֮䣬ֻһǶѡ
̧ͷɨһۣӵӵܣڳĬδش𣬵еĽȴĴ
̬ȣͶʱϲлּ壬ҵһϢд棬ر˶
£ͱתҪȥ𴦰æӣӵܻȡĻᡣ
ֻǣת˲䣬͵Ŀȴʱ
Ǹ¸߲ѵġ
һɫĽ£걳ͣ˫ָڱ󣬰Ȼ
Ǻˣ
͸һ˿â΢΢һʵ
Ҽҹӷĥ£ǲְܳģȻҪֻġ겢ţЩϷʵζ
ңһ˲䣬еĿȴǲһʵȻĳİǿߣǶԷػˣǿ·ݾ͸Īˡ
һ̣ҲЩˣĪǷݵô
Ȼڿɲǹʱ
ͬΪ쾳ߣ±ʵǿҲδסɣһͼ˵˱²ڲ࣬ԲѵвңЦ
ᵽӵʱ͸һ˿ɱѶԷԼѣͬв硣
ڤ粻飡
΢΢̾Ϣһ껰µ˲䣬αȻ
¹ˮ䣬͸һĨɱ֮⡣
־
̤֮־ǿֲļ٣˳
죡쵽˼£һ֮䣬Ȼԭأ·ûжһ¹ӳ֮µӰû˿ı仯
꣡
ִ֮䣬޷ж϶Է㣬ֻ̧ȥ
һֱϵĹͷȻ飬Ĺ֮
Թۣ
꽻λõĹͷѾѳ߰˿飬᲻˿ˡ
Ҽҹӣһ߸ͷѪڣ΢λЩʣȻҪӼӱֻġĮȻת赭дĿڣ·˵ĲЩëƤС¶ѡ
ֶΣ˵ˣҲһ亹
ֲֲ̫ˣһȻͷ˶ԷһֱۣɾԲǱȶԷһô򵥰
µǶԸٶȣҲֿԷĶֻģĸоһ˵ĲӰһ̣ԷѾصԭλ
ĹʾԼҲǽӲġ
ȻһȴҲԶԶǽ
һ֣ٴζƾ¹ߵӰսһ
һΣ׼ʵȫҲûл֮
ֻɿĹת֮䣬ȴƣһۣս½ɣܵס籩͹
ǣ籩Ĺ֮УӵЩȻʮıͲܹġŵ˵ЩѰ֮еıԴģ
羢ʮսıȻܱÿһ֮䣬ǣֻҪǾɱ޿ɵֿ
սľ
֮ڣ޵У
Ҫ룬ȴ˿ĻᶼûУ֮£Էͬһ޷Խĸ߷壬һɾ֮⡣
̶̲ӵʱ䣬籩Ĺ֮УһʮĴΣÿһζȻһͷȴƫƫܿҪ
ۣ
һѪмЩƬȴѾˡ
ֽϵĹͷѾ飬޷վͬһ̲̱£г˿־ʹࡣ
ĵĴͳһ˲ϵѪֶ͵ϣ̾Ϣĳ治ɫҲ֪ĵӣҼҹӶ֡
Ҫ֣֮׻ңֺα˷ô񲼾֣
΢΢һ̤͵Ķ࿴һۣת˲ɫ֮¡


һ ʮ ˷ȥ
ʮߣ
ذ״һĨӹһҵӦĽŲû˿ͣǰ׷ȥ
һ·׷ɱڷеӵܾѾﵽʮ֮࣬ϲû˿֮ɫûɱ˹ĸУеֻǵĮ
үǲС㣬ֻҪ˳ǣл׷ɱҶɽССǹˣϣ
ĻǿסҪǵˣధ
ޣҪ䵽ⲽأǻǵҵĻģɫĵǼƿڴ
ʱȴǰҸȫζᵽϣɴ¶ˣһһûꡣ
ˣ߰ɡĻ䣬Ҳٸִ̾Ϣһʾû·
˲ȴװ׵ģݾǼٵģûнڣҲɶҶֵġ
ӵϹĨɱʱˣֻʱûܹ뵽һߣȻܹвҵİΣѡ
е֪֮һбۼҿҲӣȥǸӣ˵ܻȥŮ
޳ܣ˼϶ʱ糺죬һڣŭ
ĳЩܸɳ޳ܵ£Ϊʲô˵ãʱˣԼôˣԲѵķ̵
ҹ
ʮˣ
쭵ͬʱͻȻһĮ
ʲôˣ
һ˲䣬ҵĻͷͻȻֵĺ꣬˵Уȴĺ衣
Ǽ죬Щ͵ģȻӵɨһߣ˵
ٴжʱһ·౻һץסһ㣬˵һ仰
ȻӱϿİĺ뷽ȫûκ֮ȴһֱֽжǷ磡
뵽ǿֲֶΣĻһ˿֮ģľȻվԭأǿɬ
裬ǸոձɱһϲһذϵѪһʮˣһ·Ӧòį˰ɣ
ҪŹңֻҪŹңʲôԸ㣡лвƲֻҪңҿȫ㡣ңȻһ۾ͿԷǿߣҵİ󣬼ֱ޲ùźá
СţûгԹʲôȻ˴䣬ѳױˣĻаյĽ
ۣ
ͬȰ˲䴩İΧһѽնͷ­
ѪӾΧĵȾ͸Ҳû˵һ仰
ʮţ
ĮĿ³ҵүҲȻ߹ȥУҲһֶѡ
үɱɱү𣡡
ܹģҵңǵı֮±նɱۣȫȻ˿־壬ŷնȥ
ҲЩʿϧˡ
ۿЩķӦ΢΢̾Ϣһת֮䣬ٴλΪһӰذױҫ۵ĺâ裡
ǿ˵ٶĺߣҲֻǸЦѣ
Ϊãõߣνսֻһɱѡ
Ѫһε£̶̲һӵʱ䣬ʮͬʱ˱ʬ壬е˿ڶʺ֮ϣһ
硭Ƿ磬һжƺõģǲǣ
ߵ˾£ڳһ˿ʣĶŷʵ
Ĭʮ룬̾˿ڣЩô
ǰŮˣվͨһУǣһж̫ˣңѾҷ𣬼㻹һЩ³ǵ©֮㣬ҲҲκηˡ
ǣҲͬѲˡ
룬Ҳ˼ٰģԲԣҧ촽ʳɻ
Ϲ۷ʵȻ壬ҲΪУһȻͶתǣϹˣǸͻȻֵɵУ
һʵ̫ɺˣǵڣ軹еè壬ҲǴˡ
Ϸ򣬱룡
һ˲䣬ͻȻ쳣ɣûжĽͣȴѾ˸𰸡
һжˣ
ӵ÷֮󣬾Ѿע֣ϸڣڻҲĺ
ûһжƵģܣҲƻõģԲԣ
ֻǾĿ裬һŮˣʵɺޣֻԼ˶ѡ
ҪˣôҪ뿪ˣͬδֹһô
һ̣ͻȻ쳣һ۾Ϳ͸˷˼
𣬸ĶѾˣʱαװǸν幫ӸѾûκˡ
ʣµ̯ӣȻҪ³ȥʰȴ뷽û˿Ĺϵˡ
ЩĻСˣҲͬԶн
˵ԸŮˣ㣬Դô豧һ˿ϣʵ
һ̣ǷҲ޷ӶԷĿио˿ƭ
磬ڶϷһ˿졣
Ĭһӣ̾Ϣһ
еذĲ࣬һĨ޵Ѫɫõ壡
ǸǴ̿ͣ
ҹɫȻȥһ˿ۼ
Զ³ѾһĺӰ
̿ǹ¶ģû˿ǣңҲκ֪ԼݣǴ̿͵ҲǷΨһɣ
˷ȥ
ףһ̿ͣ˶ѣ


ڶ һ ƣ
ѩ
һƥɫͷһװε彣ͷӣһ飬һƣҡͷԣдʣĹٵ֮ϣȻԵá
ƺ֮ˮء˸ãץƺһڣ׷˿ĺѩ
ιеʲô
֮ϣһܻ߾ȴӴͻȻ̽һСѾͷԴЦʵ
ѧƣ;įСʫǲùЦˡ΢΢֣΢΢һ죬漴Ц
ףʫСѾͷĿⷽ磬ӿɰ֮
ԸҲЦŵ˵ͷƺֹһڣż
뾡Īʹ׿ն¡Ҳűãǧɢ廨ǧãƣͬų
һֺ꣬һھƣЦĿСѾͷ
ңòҪС˵㡣˷ۣСѾͷֹһ䣬ͷ֮УƺλСѯȥˡ
죬СѾͷٴΰԴ˳ʫô
ǰɻô
ۣİСǾ̾أСˣС޵ĿٵĺأҿЩ߰ĲҪˡ
Сˣ΢΢һ֣Цҡͷ
ʲô֣գ۾꣬СѾͷЦʵҪȥô
ѧշһ֣Ƿ΢Ц·ǹ·ֱͨȻҪȥġ
磬ţҼסˣټɡЦѧŷӹ˹֣СѾͷһԴ֮Уһ̣𽥼٣ѷ˦˵
ʫĺܺôգ۾СѾͷߵĹװŮӣߴߴ׷ʵ
ɫĹװȹгŮ°գԵ̬֮
װŮʵҲʮ˾ͣԼżȴǹɵŸ߹ڸǣѰǾƿġ
С࣬˵úúѧѧεģ˺ʫȻıأЦСѾͷĶͷϵһ£̲סȤ
С㣬۸ˣľ죬СѾͷקסӵҽһҲͶˣ
ѽû취Щεҡҡͷһ£ſڽ͵һȰʫʥͽԼįΩ˵ʥͶء
Ҳ̫˰ɣ˵ƿɲǺöأһǺˣһΪţءɰСӣСѾͷֹ
ǵǣȰʫȴһȵģ㲻ҲűãǧɢѵҲôϸ룬Ǻεȵʣ
Դ룬СѾͷһȻӣ˷ܵĵͷ
ôһ˵أˣǼһﲻҪȥôټĻᣬ

ʫɴĳˣȻûа֮߳ģһ·ȥ
³ǵľɲһ·ϣϵȬֶ׫ôһݣյһ·
˵ϲݣֻǣ磬ûйݵ£벻ӣؼ˾¹ģǱֻġңҪȡѫҲΨΪġ
һԾţ
̤֮·˳һֱϵÿʵվ
Ҫǣķ䣬ƺҲһ˿µĸ
ͷĻ˵ڵķѾʵڵڶؾſǻˣѾȴƿһС죡˵׼ʲôʱŶˡ
磬ʵȴҲȻ㲻ʲôЩӣȻҲǸոմԽǻˣ۽翪ࡣ
֮ϣף˵׸֣һ֮ɿӣʵĴڣ͸ûʲô˼ȥˣһһԽɱɾ
ΪɽӣʵһִֹĿΪͷ˵ɽĵӣ۵ǿģ
ǰһˣһȴԶ
οһӵһؾѾʧȥ˼ķòҵǰķвĳĵ
ĹһڷɽĽԸοʲôСȹ
ԼðһĹӵܣŵ³֮ϱвһеĵ
ʱ׳ȻδʶŴĵ۶ʲôӣǣֱ۵ĳ˵ķԲκ֮ˡ
磬ԶԼĻҪʵĶడ


ڶ ڶ ƽ
λˣ԰𽿤ʿʫ֮⣬빫Ӽ¡Ƿڴ԰ڵŮס磬Ǹ
΢΢һȴǲδıĺ𽿤˼ֺøУԿ֮𣬷԰֮ŮǸǿҲм塣
λѧضǡʢᣬĳѧһհλʿӵĻᣬɺôе飬һ̬
΢ԥһ£ŮΪѹӣֻǿ˳롭ɣȻʫᣬӺ磬дһʫҴתʿĺãҼҿԻ빫ӽȥ
дʫô΢΢漴Цŵ˵ͷã͹ˡ
ȡ䣬ֽ̿ңһ˼㾶԰ǽдŮ
СĵĴһŮʱݣӴţūתʿ빫Ժ󡣡
Žǧƪҡײƭȴû˿ĵģֻҪ⿤ǸӹŵĴ㲻ὲԼ֮⡣
еĴժ¾ƺһһھ¶ǣЦģȫûѰʿӳϻ̳Ͽֵӡ
ʱŮγһ緽ϣǷ룡

·ǸһأȻҪءСѾͷʫ䣬Цſ˵
ˣѾˣȥӭӰɡȻĵҲЩϲ⣬λպյĵȴҲʲôˡ
ˣҲȾأʫϣһϲġͻȻʲôСѾͷץʫŸź𽿤ȥ
𽣬˵кþƣϾƹҲûɣ
˵֮䣬һݵĵʿŸƺֵź𽿤
˵ЦˣʲôʱȻǹܹġ
ЦǺǵİ˰֣ݵʿڵ㲻ҪŪʲôʫôùңͿʼɣϵоƾС
С࣬׼ƣȹȥˡ΢΢Ƿ𽿤漴Ը
ҲСѾͷݵʿ˵ЩʲôڶʿӵУʫῪʼ

ץžƺȴȻûʲôԾԣֱǹ԰ӣһεġ
ȥȥĳʿһľζԶ㡣ʿҡͷԵĥſոճĿͻȻݵ˴չʱһĺ
ݵ˵ҲЦԼľƺ˵ϵǾ㣬ôǿĪãƲã
ʫȻٲ˾ƣǺ𽿤ʿ׼ĺþƣ˭˵ã
ȥȥȥҲ֪Ļģʫ
ЩʿϣݵʿҲȻһЦӣ·ȫû¡
ףСӣʲôƣͻȻֲԶҲץžƺʹݵʿǰһ˹
ѰƼҴϾƶѣɱȲϿ𣡡΢΢һ漴ȻһЦҡͷ
ǰһӴʿҲԲһۣ㿴ݵʿֻ²򵥣Ȼǲ¶˿ɫЦ˵
Ȼ֪ãΪβϺþƣȤĴŷ磬ݵʿҡͷԵʵ
ӣ֮ˣȵһľʲôƲҪ֪ˮ൱һףͶƼҺ棿
۾ȻһݵʿʱΪȻĵͷϵҺһӾƣȻûСӿ͸һף
Ҳʿӵ۹⣬ݵʿϯضĺȸû꣬νʫᣬȫްȤ
Ǳߺ𽿤ʫҲֻ
ιСӣҲʫ᲻˼ȡȻݵʿΪ飬ҲߣƺǸոյʫˣ鲻ãʿĵŷ磬һȫ˷ϡ
ףԺǵľƣȴʲôȵȴϣݵʿʱüë
ޣʫᣬʫģɲǺȾƵģʫֻ֪Ⱦƣƭƺȵģ˹ɨأ˹ɨأʿӵҲһſڣ͸Ƕԡ
ϵƭƵΣ˸ۣݵȴ˿ںô˵ķʵ
޳ܣ޳֮ȣ
ҡͷԵסݵʿ¶һ˿Ц֣кþƣ֪ʫ
ŵأ̵վǿǿҵôãұΪ˵һСʫǿҵֵķʡ
һ绺ԭⲽһгѾõСʫʱԾȻ
˷ħؼ䣬оң޾񲡣һӣ£ǧΨҾƽɡ


ڶ  Ȳ㽲ô
ƽɣһƽɣСӣ벻ϵģСӣãããһף־׽һݵʿĿ¶ɫ˷оƺһ
֣˿ʲôӦץƺͬҲһ˵ķѡ
С㣬㿴ǼһȻʫĺûǣݵ˵ķӦСѾͷȴǿ˵ġ
Īϵôʫ㲻þãȴʤǡ֣ϸ룬вء𽿤΢΢˵ͷ˵
𽿤СѾͷⷬȴûģ򣬿Ҳ㲻ˡ
ޣһʿҲʲôƽɣԲѣ
Ҳ֪Ǹһ䣬ȴǶʱõ˲˵ĸ͡
ôϵ벻ôȻһ˿⣬ݵ俪ڵ
Ȼ󣬵ȴƫƫܹĴڳÿ˵ĶУ˲֪˼ģԼµݵݵģȴǲһѺûŵĺ
ˣʫᣬʫۣɲλ˵ģλģĪ˭ôݵ¶֮ɫ𽿤æڵ
֪λӵģսǱҲס
˵ǣǽʫĿӣɲǾƣʲôԵˡ𽿤ôһڣȻûٸҾֻ˵ʹ˰ݣȴҲʵڲģʿ۾һתʱ˼ƽϡ
ұʫôƤһ粻мһ֪ʲôʫˣ˵
΢΢һͣʿӣԼʫոձһǴĺ˼ó˵ġ
ҵʫλѾйˣ㣬ô
¶һ˿֮ɫĿڵҲգҲòʲô۵Ķм֪֮Ҳá
㡭̫ǵͨ죬ʿһ˦ӣŭĿӣҵҪʲô֮
ҲֽƺݸߵŮȥװƣ΢һ£ⲽ˼
ӽʫʵ̫ˣֻͨҲܱһοѧױͲ񲻹ҪһеĶѡ
ò벻ɣŷػصⲽʿ̲סٴμ
ˣ
һǲһ˿Ц⣬ʫóֻµЩˣأ
ʳ⣬ɾ񡣡ӿ³ʫһ٣˼״
Ҳʫ˾ƽһʫǰʿӻмֵģʲôʫˣ䣬Ķʱ䵽˶;Ǵʫ֮ǰʫָҲһĳģһ᲻ֳԭô
ΧĳЦԽԽСѾͷ̲סקק𽿤ӣС㣬ܲô
΢΢ü˼֮״𽿤һʱȴҲ벻ʲôͷֻǣܹǰƪˣĵĴʫô
ٵȵȿ
ݵ˵νڵϣȤĴŷ磬˿Ҳⷽǲʫ

ƵŮѾƺ˻ݵ˶ʱںʫ޾ƣѾƸСֵȥ
оƲǡЦŽӹƺһڣżڵݡ
Сӣ㻹˼㲻ӶˣҵȻأ
ǣǣʲôʫ
ǲʫҲõȿвǡЦҡͷԹԵ˵˵ⲻʫȴƫҪ˵Ǿʫλô
ʫĪǻǧţġƪҵǾġ
ûôǴһ˿Ȼʵ
ţͻȻ֮䣬һȴǺ𽿤ߵСѾͷڰǻ
ͲʫʣȻûֱ۵ĴֻǾ÷絹ҪЩʿǿɰˡ
лȻϳСѾͷˣֻȴҲԣЦһ£ԹԵ˺䣡
סпɷʣʿײҽ
£
һԵļЦ·𶼱˿˺Ӳ˵һ
ãǾʫСֵܣϵ㣡
д⣬֣ǸɣҲˣһٴΰѾƺеľʹ죬ʹ죬֣ǲѰطһҲùЩ˹һأ̣һƬ֡
ɾſˣһ˲䣬ΧЩʿӲıأСӣ˵˭ˣ
˭ĳұ˵˭û˿ɫĿڵ
һСӣҲҴԲѣ˸£Ҫһ˵ĵ
ȻףԸǲܴģǣȴϾݲ֮ˣлװңôһʱˣֱӰѷݵˣΧ
ôȲ㽲ô͸һ˿⣬ΧЩЦż
ЩҲЩߣܱˡ


ڶ  ɧ裡
Ȳ
⻰ƺЩǶЩĹǣȴʵѰˡ
Ǳһۿ˼ȴҲȫû˿飬ֱ׳ĵŷֻǣѵ㲻׼ǽѵôʲôأ
Ǻεݣܸƽֿ֮Դļһ͸úúý̽Ҫôˡ
С㣬ô㻹֯ôۼƺҪԿСѾͷæס𽿤
ɵѾͷҲ˭һҪԿҲֲûİСѾͷһۣ𽿤ȴǲһЦǲֹʵǸոձݵ˴ְ
λӣ˭һԸ˭Υ
ЩĿһۣЩԽͣĹӣ΢΢ҡͷȴվһԲ
ȴ֪ЩļһҲСĵĴɫ񣬺һԲڸǴһźšһʱĴŵļַС
ôһת۵ĹΧڷݵߵĻжʮ
֣ô
Χ֮УȴȻŵЦ⣬ԹԵݵ̸Ц
Сֵܶ£ϹͷʲôµġַԺݵ˸ɴڵһ̣ĵİһжӦȥˡ
ֵǿңЦһ£ȻףԷ϶ѾԼĵϸ
Ϣһףһ˻УȴֵָĶĿ
ˣɾûôƢˡ
ҲãҪķڷǡ彣ֵĿڵұˣʥ⣬Ҳϲܷµġ
Ҳὣ⣬˸ֹסЦ⣬۹ŷ磬Ҫѧģʵϣȴûмȥġ
Ц츳˭˷ʱ飿
˵ιҲһֱǳעضˣǣϾǸ磬ܹһеĻǾԵʵ˵ˣЩĹӵʵΪû츳űȶļһѡ
װõĽô

ʣһĨɫҫֻȴǸ˵ļЦ
ã˿ˡ¶һ˿֮ɫЩȻͷС˵
УЦˣϽģҰ£
ĺãҪǼʶҵĽЦһ¶һ˿Ц⣬һ㣬гȻ˵ʲôɱȴǷ
裬
ۣ
һھƴӿݵ˵Ҳû֮ǰĵȻ촽Ҫ˵ʲôȴվЦҡҡͷ
Сʵ̫ˣ쾳磬ȴƫƫҪŪôɧĽЩһĴûûˣֱĺְ
ڴܣֱˣ裬СĲӣÿһһľ룬ֺ
ƯôСѾͷ˷ܵŽ˵
һᣬ𽿤Żڵǽ裬ɱеģǱõġ
⻰һСѾͷȴǶʱɵˣ裿ǡǱݰ
ۿЩѾһӲƵæңƺʱܱ￴ĳаֺͷ翪Ц˼
֣оô
ǺЦ˵
Ȼоƣţһݵоƺڿ˦һߣ䵽˷С
ͷβȻûһξˮ
þƣ
һץסƺֳֽȴԽԽ˳֣ӦӲϾ
СֵܵĽ裬ãϵҿ
֣治ӰЦһ£еĽȻһƬӰ缲磬Ƭ֮ͽΧǶʮ˾򷭣
ǸԣƲˣ޷֮ɱˣ

ΪһǼͷĹ幫Ӹȥ
ϣ
һзʵ̫ˣӷȻлһƿն̶̵̲ļӣ쵽ЩŵĹӸӦѾĻˡ
ɱˣɱˣ
һùļһǡñһУȴǲûЪ˹źȴѹûǽûпġ
ʫУ潣ǸУɹȻһЦץƺһھƺȾŴЦ֣ߣ
Ҽҹ˵˾˵ģ
ͻȻ֮䣬һɿֲѹȻȺб֮У߳͸һĨɭȻɱ
һ˲䣬ֲֿѹͼƵĴ־ᶨ
ֱǰһ̣綼ûܲԷϢƿ֮еĸоǵ˿־ģ
վô򵥵ġ
Եһ˿âȴԽʹԷľ
ɱһţ


ڶ  ңӣ
䣡
һĳʱѹ·Ƭռ䶼Ҫһ㡣
ѾǸ˵ˣǽ֮ݿ޼᲻ݣ
֣ǿڵǣֶ֮ȴʵڸ˲֪١
򵥵ĴһƬ֣ǿ֣߳һȼһ֦һֵĻ
ôߵĳ֣ͬһöȼյȻ֮бըһ㡣
һǸո̤ķֿܹģǴ˴羢ĿֲҲУ
ֻǼٽҲȻû˿⣬־ûʩչ
Ƿϵģչ¶ȵԼҪԴ̿͵ݳֵʱ򣬱ʶƵļʾͻӡ򲻵ѣǾԲѵġ
ԷʵȻֲ֮ǷȴȻţԼǸڵϺȾƵݵʿȻܹ⡣

һ˿⣬ݵھƺһģʱвپˮȾˮɢݵһǼľˮʱΪһ糤ľƽ
ȥ
л³һ֣еľƽȻ٣·ԵĿռһ㣬˲Ϣߵǰ
һͬСɣ߱ǿߣȻ˿һССƽȴƫƫһֱ޿ɱܵΣС

һΣƵ߲ò;У򷽴һƣһȫһ㣬һָƽ
˵ո򷽴һƻֻһôһָѾȫʵһˡ
ϵľƽܻɢģЦһϵͷû̧һ£ԹԵžƺȾơ
δ£ߵָھƽ֮ȻһѪҽУ߾ƽȥ˿ɴĴ´ȥһѪɢ֮䡣
вףһɣƳһۣϵžƺվȻڵ
һʱ䣬԰һƬţĵ
һȴǶʱڳ˶סˣΪһ֮䣬Ȼ׸֣ǺεȿֲֶΣҲûɣ
Ϣŭ
浽̶ֳȣ𽿤ȴҲסˣЦԲεݣαЩСƽϣ
Сûߣݵ˵ǰҲСѡ
ʵһ̶ȣֵΨһ׼ʵ
䣡
վӣʵ
ô㻹뱨ɣһâݵЦ֣Ƹ˰ɣƸϵҲùƾҲ֪ϵݣ
⻰һ߶ʱһ亹ٲ˿ͷ
Ƹǿ׵ľǿߣҲǺߵˣݵҸֿýֺͷҲ֪Լ϶ǵﲻİ
Ǹ֪ǰݣʧˣһ񣬷Цҡͷ
ȥǸӣλʵ˵Ľһȴʵڲٽгˡ
ҹСֵ鵱ظ֮ˣԣüͷݵ̾ϢĪϵˣ
ɱҲ΢΢һ죬漴ȻСƵˣ
⻰һڣΧ˲Ĩһ亹вסķֹСӿɵǵ죬ʲô˵
ȴϣݵŴȴǴϲƴЦһСϵˣ
СܸԸܷŮнӹƺݵһʾ⣬һͷһ
ãյСֵܣʵһ£Сֵܣסˣϵұǣңӱǣ
ˣ
һȫʱһƬȻڶʿв¶һ˿ڲȥĳ֮ɫ
ңӣ
ǿΪǿߣԱҲؼԴɫ
ŵ뱱һսңһһնɱʮǿߣ£
ȴû뵽һǸݵ˵Ĵѡ
뵽ոԼȻҶǿ񣬲˶Ĩһ亹ҡ
ƳһˣݵЦˣϵ¶вأ˵ҪȥϼһˣСֵܣպԵٺúһ
һ˵գݵָһ㣬󰵻ɫĳԾһ̤֮ϳ߸ȥ
˷ħؼ䣬оң޾񲡣һӣ£ǧΨҾƽɡлСֵʫϵȥҲ


ڶ  ʫɱˣ
ӽصģ
ŷ𽿤Ǳԥһ£СѾͷڻ̲סѵ

ӽЩ˵ӣ׸ֲԶ֣ȴҲѷС˰㡣̾Ϣһ𽿤Ҳڶ
лл΢΢ǷȻһЦѧȴҲԱ֮
ӣСѾͷ˵ȴ𽿤ֹ
лѧǣ

ƫƧλһСԺһεûʲôСū͵ģֻǴӾƼҰ˼ʮ̳þƶѷСԺ֮С
¹滺£֮ȴҲһ˿֮ܰ⡣
СԺеʯԣϰڷżСˣһ¾Ʊ̳ơ
һϮ¹֮ºмȻ̬֮
Զֺǹһ˿Ц⣬ͻȻڣҡͷԵ
µգλβһ
΢΢ҡͷȻһڵ
ߣֲøţԭҲǸǿߡвأԷʱһӰ֮߳
ͷ֮˵ĳ֣Χˢˢһ˼ʮˣͲСԺʱԵЩӵ
λôƳһˣǹһ˿Ц⣬Ȼʵ
Ҫװɵǵ⣬ԹԵĹϴ˵һΪɭȻĿ̵ͬƤۡ
˵Сʵޣ²ô˺Ȱ̾Ϣһ·ûԷĻһԹԵҡͷ̾Ϣ
ҿ㵱Ҫˣ͸һĨΪһγսңָ磬ɱȻ
дʵʵ̫ͲΪʲôأ
һ˵Уǿ߾֮࣬˸̤֮ʮ֮ãԶѰǿܹġ
ͶȥôǺЦǼ֮ɫ
һ˲䣬ͷ˶ʱΪ֮һͣոǻͲĵģ㷽ĹͶҲûǸʸˡ
ɱ
﹥ЧΪʱһ䣬ֱ´˸ɱ
ҹɫȴҪɱ¾֮£ʵǹײͣ
һʹļ׵ӣһֱ̳һᷭ彣ʱԾС
ɽǡ
ž̳¶һ˿֮ɫ粻
潣ߣ̤һһ̳һ𣬽޷棬ȴͬɱݽ档
ϴʹһ˿ķâע뽣У޷潣ЧҲԲκα
οΪһֻ̿ͣһ֦ҲܹͬɱΣ
ְܽأ鲽̫塣
̳ܹһǿߵĹδ˿ͣ͡

һ뵽۷ĵһǿߵĽ⣬ŷ֮ģʱһĵԽѣʱ̳տտ£ٴα籧ڻС
Ҫᣬһֱ֣նͫ΢΢һΪǿٴοڷԸ
ҷƮСͷֺһھƣȻһ㣬־㴩Խ˵ĹֻһӰԭأնķ飡
СģҪܣٶȶʱһ˿֮⣬˿ֲٶ֮£ǶԷҪӣ˭ܵס
ӣ¶һ˿м֮⣬һֹһھƣʫ
ҵ̨Ҿ䡣
һٶȻٴΰθһأת֮䣬ɱˣ³Χ֮С
þƣþƣ
Сӣұӵ̬ΪˣŻӶսٴն򷽴硣
ɫս֮ϣ֪Ⱦ˵ѪӶһ֮͸ͬҹ˲
л֮ȥݺڤ
ѹûд˼һٴԭһӰȻٴγ⼸ǰѪ¾
ʱüǿ߽п಻ٶʵ̫ˣֱ֣ͷβͲ潻֣һζɱЩߡŶ̶̲ӵʱ䣬еѾʮˡ
Ук߶˳Ժȥۼֹ˷¾ЩߣΪæңϧһдס
ͷһھ¶ǣĿڵȻˣֺαؼߣ
˵֮䣬־ʩչޣȰӰֱЩܹ׽ģǿߣ˵ļ٣ҲЩ׽
ããߺ
ߣһ˲䣬Ȼ߸Ӱת˲֮䣬ǽʮ˱ɱ
ư뺨ɱŨ
ϣܿΧĵ΢΢͵ŵһģͬڵڿУնһʱ佣ݺᣬɱ¾ޱߣ
ѪͿҰݣǾӧ
һ׹ŷ꣬СԺ֮ǸʬҰֻʣ¼ǿ߰ȻԺˡ
̧߽̳΢΢бһɾˮʱȪˮɴɵӿУ
ʫþƣøҹ
һ̣ǿҲЩëˣλֱһһʫƣһɱӯҰⳡ棬˭ܲ
Ψһ֧ûܵľΪֹҲδʲôֲս𣬽ֻƾܿǣ׷ɱЩ߶ѡ
ЩҲˣ֣û˿Ĺ˼ɣѵɱһô


ڶ  ⣡
Сӣɸҵһս
˽Χںģȴֺ·ܣԼҵ
ǷӿĿڵðǲ֪˭
һ˲䣬׼˰˵ȴǲȫ̥У͵ͨ죬ʲôЦжЩȥǲô
δ֣˵ƾѾѹƣսɣȴȻ
ɹȻһЦнһЦô鷳һǡ
Ȼʩչͬˮкأͬʱ˶˽ȥ
ɱ
Ȼ΢⣬Ƿִȴʵ̫ˣôǿߣ£ƾʲôд
λǿ߱ϾǵУһû˺ߵۣȫʩչˣѷΧƬضʩչ־Ҳȫˡ
ʹ죡
оΧǵصѹȻһ˿â̲סЦ
Դ̤ʵվȴδ˺սո̤죬նɱ֮ʱվҶʵ̫衣
ֻȴȫȻͬģͬʱλǿߣǰԼƵ˼֮Ув
ҪǣˣҲûжù羢ǵƾλǿ߿⡣
粻ǲýΪһ̿ͣʵϲûʲôǷ粻õģֻͷĻ˵ĽʼһζǴ֮á
ǰһһֱףȻռݵΪȴȻͬ˻磬ʱ÷о˵Ķ
⣡
ݵ֮ԣΪƿˣ˶ǿ֮ʵϣֵʱ͸оκĲɾƽȴ׸֣ıǽ⣡
ʵʣعһĽ⣡
ǿߵУʵûнѾûʲôˣƽҲãľҲãɻժҶԿΪΪ˾һǿľ񽣣
Ҳǻ֮вϻһսٽͷڽĽͣŽġ
ƣʵϣӻصСԺ֮󣬷һֱ򽣣
ֱ˿̱Χǿǿһ㽣ıԵҲΪ˽ĴڣųݵһĿֲ
һˣ粻ȻΪ̶ֳȣŵ治֮һְ
󣬵򣬷еĽԾĶ˼˵ζ
Са
ȴԽԽľ˵һʼҪն뵶֮£ô˿̣ǵȴѾĸɸɾˡ
֮£ѾʼоԼĶԾȫ޷սֵˡ
ٴθֳݵʿľƺƳɽ龰һ˿֮⣬̲סһХЦ

һһɻ֮Ȼʯϵľ̳ʱ뷽绳У¶һ˿м΢һҾƵУоˮ֮ȴҲ벻⡣
Ӱֹ⣡
Ȼֻǿһ˿⣬Ȼһʩչȴ֮
һ㣬ǼĽ˲ͽѹס
ƿλشӪ
ֳֽŨž̳
ٴʫжʱ¶һ˿ɬǷηȴҲβȥˡ
ɱˣʫʼһʫգʮǿߣն
ֿʼʫˣĪҲҪǶô
Ҳ룬ʵϣһʫڣϵƾͲֹǿһֲĽӰ˳һӿѹ˼͸
˰¾ģʮҷɳ
һХץסһ̤ӵĻᣬ絥һ񣬻о̳ȻɳԴ˸ҺĽ
˲Ĺ򣬷ٴԭһӰֱؿڣһĨѪɫɴһˣ
һǵѼ˵λɱ֣Ȼסһƿգ
˼ʫƺû갡ٵȥٱһ£Ƕý⣿
뵽⣬ս⣬קˣҪԺȥ
ߣôЦһ˸ȻٴδһӰնӵˡ
¬ɿ죬Ҿ

ǿֻסһΪˣȴǶʱһѪڣסս
ߣ
ǿסе𺳣ͷ˶ʱٲ˿ԥһת㾶ԽԺǽûȥ
ȴ£ǰ׷
ۼ˶ҪԽԺǽǲһ˿Ц⣬гһȻΪһӰֶ
һʫ£Ȼ˵ĺģһģ
Ĵǽٴΰһ̳ƣҡҡͷ̾ϢһȴԹԵٴߣ·ʲô¶ûзһ㡣
ҹɱˣƾֶΣǵĴɱ⼸ѾƵļһ׷ɱ
԰ֳôĶ쾳ʵȻ˵ģǲ¶ЩֶΣҲ岻סһС
ҹЩӻȥԼʫɱ˵ͻᴫˣչ¶ʵȴеƣǷҪġ
ݣǷ㳤֮µģÿһϸڣƱҪСá
һζʵװܲ˵ӣʱˣ
һߵĳҲͨһս˸Լʵһλγ˼άơ
ôȵԼԴ̿͵ݳ֣ԶԼսʱ˼άԵӰ£㲻˻ɵԼˡ
̿ͣҪߣǾͱҪ˶ִԲǴ̿ͣ


ڶ ڰ ݣ
һҹ䣬
˭뵽ԭֻһ̤һ죬Ȼ
ʵҲźܴĳɷݡ
ң԰ǼըԵϢοΪ˷ôһС䣬ңӻ֣һƸ׸֣ϢҪһҹ¡
ʷᣬΪңһ׾ƽɵʫҵõϿɣ֮Ҳ㲻Ϊˡ
ˣһӽԼھ𽿤ĴĲȻ㳹ʵ
ŵǣһ磬˱һʿӦӷСԺ֮зˣʮʬ壬кȵſʯѵķ硣
һʱ䣬ʫɱ仰ʱ䣬羹Ȼ˲еż񣬵Ҳʼδ顣
һҹɱôˣȻǴ󰸣˵ɣλƫƫ;ңйϵԵģ˭޹Ϊѣץ˼ʮ˵İӣ˽᣿
ڣΪ֮ʣ鴫˺𽿤ĶУֱ˱ּٷЩùʿ˳

ǺεݣôͻȻҪǼһģź𽿤СѾͷЩʵ
òϲǸһ˰ɣͣ½Ų𽿤ЩЦĶСѾͷ˵
ޣ˼Ҳûءǵͬһ첼ƵģСѾͷŽС㣬۸
ûУЦ𽿤ֵСѾͷŴȤ
ȻûУ
ãȻˣ˸ն⵨ļһΪȻĵ˵ͷ𽿤һĿڵ
С㣬ôףЩҪɱġһ⻰СѾͷʱקź𽿤С˵
ҿɹܲţǼСҲϲ޷ǸɵˣŲҪȥʡ
С㣡˵ֵزСѾͷλڴȤС͵ͨ죬ȴǺ޲Ҹطȥźá
İɣǸӲµġЦСѾͷԴϵһ£𽿤Ž͵żǸ˵ŽҪܲǻ±ˡ
ʵףֻСѾͷڷһ˿㺣ңһʱû뵽ѡ
ˣһ˸ˡЦҡҡͷ𽿤ο
С㣬С಻Ǹū澣ɫһСѾͷҡͷСֻԸһſչ˿
ޣҼС䲻ˣҲǸѣƲ㣿
С㣬㲻ðοҵģ֪պȻһΪģС㶼͵ˣôͨ
˵⣬𽿤ҲĬ̾Ϣһٲԣȥ

λ֮ϣ¡
ӱ濴Ҳʮӣ˫ĿԼ͸һϡɫϵأ䲻һԣȴһ˲ԾҪĳ嶯
֮ˣΪβ򣿡
ͻȻ֮䣬ǰȻǰһŷŭ
ȻֻһСС̣Ȼܹ汱࣬ȴҲͬ׵ʵһŭȣȴǲһ˿ʶѹֱԡ
Ȼ⵽ʶѹƣ粻ƺһɫһףԳ֡
ֻǼˣȴȻһ˿⣬δаֹݵ˼һ֣һ٩٩ԣҶʥ֮飬Ȼ֮ȴ죬ȴ
㲻һһ޹޾λɸҼݣ
һ̤ʶѹʢ̵֣ķһʹ·ʱпܻȥһ㡣
ҾΪһ˽ܣҧǿű־ѣȻ¶˿⣬粵ݽ棬ȴҲ֪ǿߵĻ̹޾ηֻ׷ϽŲʶݣ
ЩȻǳʵϣǿߵʶѹǿȴҲ÷ŵ˼ѣҪ֪ӣǿıľΪ
Ϊ̿ͣбҪװӿͷҲûʲô˵ģǹִļʲôԣɵһ
ֻǣ񣬷ǰȴһưй֮磬аһǣο°ݣ
οͬһ㣬ݵ˱ȻᵽԼģƾһ㣬ٳһЩҲΪԼ
ߣλָڹ۲Լ̫ųڱǰʧɫ١


ڶ ھ У
е˼ҷ²ᡣ̧ۿ˷һۣһ˲䣬̴ѹʱѩڣûһ˿ѹ

ĳһĶͷʱһ亹ٴ񣬡лϣ
ȱŵлһҹ֮䣬նɱʮˣһɣɣնĮȻŷ磬ƽĿڣȫû˿Ц˼
ӸλȷʸĮ粢ɣԼش𲻺õĻȻᱻնɱ
ݵȻԼкøУȴվûʲôʵԵĹϵñһ档
΢һ£Żڵ֪ϣ֪
Ŷ¶һ˿֮ɫȤĴŷ磬ȴ
ұˣ򰲰Ļգ壬ƽһ£粻ţһܰΨһƽ
մ˵ɱǣˣκθɫʣȴƫƫһĪѹ˵
һʱ䣬һƬžš
Ѿ˵ֵزȻΪһ仰ԥʼ磬ݵͷϣںδɱ
һ仰ҪȻأȴı˷ס
Ȼ𣬷Ҳɵȥ˼һش𣬡ϣҹ֮˿ɻᴳԺǽ˵ǿоѵɱôһ£ȴҲһ֣˱ͽܲɱ
Ҳм¶һ˿Ц⣬һһ죬ҲЩֶΣȴҲۡ
֮ᵽݵˣһˣΣǳ׹ȥˡ
лϣ
ţҲвһ׾ƽɣõϲѣҲ㼫вŻɣ֮ϸʫһףʱһʹãǱҪ㣬ͬҲҪһͷдһ˿Ц⣬ڵȴֻͷն
ѹѾȥˣȴҲδʹ˷
ȻѾݸߵôλҪʵġ
ϴ⡣ȻһЦȻڵ
΢˵ͷȻڷ̬ȷǳ⣬һ˼ڵȻᵽǱΪɣ
Ŀ΢ЩƫҲûΪѷ˼ֻҪĲ̫ףȻٳͷ硣
ڲִ֮䣬ȴҲָ統ʲôʫ
ǳбѧ֮ʿҲûڲִ֮䣬ʫ
ֻǣȴȻС˷磬˵С˷
ô
вЦһ£ϣȴȻһڤ˼֮״ڴ֮ⲽ
ϣȻû˸Ҵߴٷ磬ٲмҲ˿ұ¶ġ
ˣ
Ƭ֮󣬷ͻȻ¶һ˿ϲɫ˳ֽʺڣ
һϲʤӣ΢Щ죬Īһﵱдʲôʫ
ȱʱ̶˳ֽ͵˷ǰ
ʣһ΢΢ߣ˱ɣɿֽд
ԿϺӧ⹳˪ѩհǡ
ʮɱһˣǧﲻС˷ȥ
йѽϥǰᡣ캥Ȱ
ȻŵΪᡣۻȺ
Իӽ𴸣𾪡ǧ׳ʿ@մǡ
㣬Ӣ˭£̫
һдһһ£ʱѻȸ
˿򷽴񶼲ˣȻʫһЩ˲֪ȴҲӰ˸м͸Ĵ磡
һʮɱһˣǧﲻУ֪˺ʫҪմҴȥʫһףˣϾƣ
վ¶һ˿׷֮ɫ
꣬δΪ֮ǰңӱˣһ·նɱǿУ̤ʬɽѪһλһʫ䣬ܲϲ
ʫǺʫֻǡ꣬캥ȴǺˣϷҲʷ飬ָ֪ȴǺˣ

һ˲䣬ʱһͣЩûԼһƣºãװBͷˣȴˣ磬֪Щˡ
һЦֻüйż֮ʫһЩʣһ飬ǿǰѼλŪ˹ȥ
ȴȫȻЩģ˰ƣʹ
λ뱾˱


ڶ ʮ ŵϿ

°سҲĻᣬ˿̾Ȼڴ֮ϣ˹ʱò˸оɡ
벻ͱ˲Żð۲Żһһ˵ͷҲ֪ʲô˼ȴͻȻ˵ôһĻ
޵һ޵ڶһǺ˲ǳ
ȻֻһһҲΪ鷳ˣһʱ䣬תȴҲ벻ױ⡣
Ҫ˵ȴɨһۣеĻʻ˶
Ҳ۱Ǵʲô⣬٣ȻǲϣԼ˼ģһˣҲƽԹۡ
Ȼһתۼ䣬±һƬȻ޵Ŀʱв䵽˷ϣֱ޲ðƵء
Ŀ˷һۣ¶һ˿Ц⣬磬㷽˵㻹һӾ׼ݣ
ݣ
ĪĶˣҪ֪ŷӲŲܣȻϱãδǣ´Ӳͦţǿɾ˵׼ʲô̬ˡ⵹ּһ£ȴǴӳ˹֮񰡡
Ī˵һˣȻһϳҲû
лϣ
Ȼ벻ͨԼŵϿ⣬ǣлĻȴǾԲٵġ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫæǰǷ
ͷӦõģ˰֣Ҳţѳ㣬ȻҲԷ㡣
񡭡ף

һһ⻰𽿤üͷȻסշ翴˫գʵϣȴǱܵ˻Ͽ˺ǲΣ
ͷǳˣȱܲڷ֮лĹؼ
ȥ
Ⱥ𽿤룬̹Ը
ΪĵȻǲȥģֻеȵ
ɢ˳ᣬϼ򵥵ҲٸоֺϣѰĸ׶ѡ
Ƿ񣬺𽿤˱ߡ
ôҲΪǸģǴһ˿Ц⣬𽿤ԴԵ
ǰɣԥһ£ŵͷǼʫҲˣ˵һ侪޲ţŮֻǲʿزۡ
Сӵʫ˵ã۷˵֣ǹҲò̾ҡҡͷЦڵУ㻹ûһ˴㣬ϲġ
Ŀ˺һۣԵĲ豭һڣЦ⡣
ȻˣΪλҪܵϿԥһ£𽻹̲ס˳
΢΢ҡͷֻЩŻȻˡ
ʫɱˣ٣һһ죬˵־ֻʫʣô

ģֶһҲһ˿֮ȻҪΪǿߣηۣȻź𽣬ƽվȽŸǲ㲻֮⡣
סѹأ΢΢һЩĵĳʵ
û˿Ĳƽ˷
Իһ֮ˣ޸Ŀǲ̫Щ
޷ʱ㾯ЩϼһһģûǸ׶֡ȻȻѾйؽ˵ġ
ű£һʱ䣬ȴҲ֪˵Щʲôˣֻ뵽СѾͷвЩȻ
ôǵСˣ¶һ˿Ц⣬ڵģܳŹһأǡ
һ仰ȴǶʱѺ𽿤һ⻰ôͳԼˣ
ûС
ȺͣЦŴˣˣ֪ǵС𽳤ˣҲʱɻˣڵɻ䲻㣬ȵȿһ˽ܣϱŮ

ҲȺ𽿤ͣȻһЦֵˣȥɣҪ
ǣԺ˳鷿𽿤ûܷӦ
Լͷ磿
䣬԰д̸ЦӰٴθԺ֮УȴǶʱƽĺ׽ˣ
ȻڷԼмͣǣȴûҪ޸ںʶûиԼһĿܡ
ڡһ仰ȴͻȻһжˣ
ֱ˿̣ŷ֣ھң뱱ԼվЩСķ簡


ڶ ʮһ ߻¥
þƲ𣬺治߻¥
ǧ󣬱Ҳܳȵģ߻¥ȴķ֮ء
ֻѰķ³ͬ߻¥żߣ뾡Ǵӵܣѫ壬ǲԶʿ
ѰˣٶǮҲ̤߻¥һ
Ȼ˸ߵż߻¥ȻҲԶѰԱģ˵߻¥Ȼһ˾ϲ˵Ů˱ĵطҲǾԵĺơ
ţ߻¥ͷƣԭһλ֮ŮֻǼҵ䣬䵽ˣȻʵ
죬ʲôĲ쵱ʵĹƣ⻰ֻҪѪڰ
λǵһ߻¥ɣ֪γƺ
ոյ߻¥ſڣòŮӭЦѯʵ
Ȼǲݣӭӿɾ͵ıˡ
һҡȣ¶һ˿Ц⣬ôҲʸô
˵Цˣһ֪ݲ˼һӭءЦǰסĸ첲òŮż˵ֻǵһ߻¥ȸūݣūҲðŲǣ
Ҳͬ߻¥ĹأϾ߻¥ˣҲģһԴҲʡ
ͱֺŰ䣬ѰСǾûʸȥġ
Ҳû죬ֻǹҲδЦһ£ҡȵ
⻰Ůӵʱ˴룬ֻվǼ˳ģȴҲûֱӾͱֳӿоλ
ƺǸӾɡʼ磬ɹȻ
ӾǿҲĽأūҿҲǵһҰڴϤһ»ɺã
Ӿڱĵط󣬵߻¥ҲǸչŵʸѡ
Ȼڲ磡
֣òŮζʱΪ֮һͣ漴¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫŵʵʣһУҲѵķ磬ô
Щ΢ҳݡЦ⣬վǵ˵ͷ
ӣ׽Ūҡ嶼˷ϣòŮŽŽôᵽģ
ЦȻССһӾǣ֮ȴѴ˵ġ׿̾ΪһһˣݣǺεȵҫֻû뵽һӣҲᵽ߻¥
ĳҲһˣα㲻أȻһЦҲ⣬ڷʵ
˵⣬òŮ˵׷ҲǸ˶ѣвɫĵ
ŷţ롣
Ȼ֪˷ݣȻٰȥˣֺŰȻţ˵ҲҪһġ
ŷڰãòŮʵǵһزĹūҸӰΣ
ˮ֪֮Ƿһֺȣ΢Ц̧ͷʵ
ˮ
߻¥ͷƣҲλʵĴŮӣ
ӻ֪¼үÿ춼ˮӣ¡
¼ңŷ֮һ
¼λӣȻǳ¼ҵļ̳ˣǳ¼ȴϾ˵Цġ⼸λҵӵܣҲԸ㴥ùͷһ͵ˮӣֻǷҪλͻİ
Ȼ⻰ǲ˵ģֻðʾĹӿ֪ܲ߻¥ˮ⣬Ĵƣǲ˫֤⣬磬һ㹫ӿɺã
λ¹ڿô̧ͷʵ
ʱ䣬ֻ³¹ҲͿҪˡ
Ϳ쵽Ǿǻûеˣ¶һ˿֮ɫ絭Ȼˣˮȱưɡ
ǡ
òŮȰȴʱ絭
ĪǣΪұ㲻ǳ¼ҹ𣿡
⻰˵ĿɾˣòŮĻٴԹԵӦһ˳ȥ
ֱ뿪λǳ첻µز£԰˿ǺȥˣҲû˭͹ͷ¼ҹӹȻλҲƲ簡׿ΪһһˣЦ
ֻǣΪûһˮ¼үΪУҲʵЩû˰ɣ
Ȼλ̾ŷûӵòŮȻǲף췽絽߻¥ѹǴµġ
ȻԼŵϿôô㣬ôСĶ޷Ƶģ
ŷӣĻбõĵôԸɴԼˣŷԼ֣ȸݵģúõĽѵһС˵ȥ鷳
̿͵ֵɴû˳ܣΣնɱҡ֮УǴ̿͵ķ


ڶ ʮ ѹˣ
һˣþ
Ƿ磬Ҳ˼֮ɫã̾Ϣһ
缱꣬С˽дӵС̡
΢΢ҡͷȻ̾ԭΪʫĿţȴ룬ӣ
ˣľӣˮ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫãǷ
ˮα˿ף֪⣬ˮˣαǫ
΢΢ҡͷ漴ΪˮľƱЦȴֻӦУһҾˮ
ŷˮв΢΢һ߻¥꣬˸Ȩʿȴ峺Ŀ⡣
ˮܹоĵĿֻ֮еͣ˿а֮⣬һ̣ˮһִԼ⻶֮У뷽ƽȵѵĹϵһ̸Цơ
ӣʱˣˮΪѰ㣬ɺã
еɾˮǷڵ
һ˿ɫƬ̣漴ЦȴԽȤˣǳ¼ҹӣ㵱ô
ǺεȽɫ˲Ϳˮ˼ԸԼǰľƱٴƣһ
ˮֶ֪βֻǹӹ¼ȴӴˮ糾ŮӣӺˣ͸һ˿ʹ֮ɫˮۿ΢΢һ죬ˮˣʵ۹ӡ
ֻǣˮ⻰û˵꣬ȻһŰ
ʲôƨӣǸүҵҪ˭ĵڱүǰ
ƺǹѰ£¼ҹӹѻ֮߻¥˶
ˮɫʱһ䣬ųȥȴϣһץס֡
ӣ
ǹһĨ΢Ц΢΢ҡͷƣ
û˿Ե˼ӦһȤǷǣ򵥵֣ȴʱˮԭ궯ƽ·ֻҪ˵ߣ͸ؿκһ
ĬĬطߣˮ֣סƺԽԽĽŲƵ΢ЩȴȻᶨ
¶һ˿֮ɫ΢΢۾ɲһԡ
飡
űһ߿һ죬ԾˣΪ׵ĹӸ磬һɫӣؿһֻ룬ϴżּ֮ɫưķ·Ʒһ۶Ķһ㡣
һֻľƱ᳢һڣȴ·ûпЩһȻ޵þƣ񷽲ųЩζˣˮơ
Ҽҹӣ¿ͷôԼӱӣߵļūŶʱ̲ס˳ָŷƿڴ
žƺ΢΢һˮȴվû˵ֻǵͷٴ򷽴ıעˮ
ҼݣʲôҲһݣüͷ粻̲ĮȻڵ
⣬ǳ¼үɫʱΪ֮һһ˦־ȸūһƣұ죡
Ǻεģ
ȻܴȻҲ׷ݵģشͷݣʵҪ°ݣҪȱ߹һͷ
о䵽˵Ŀ˵ãıĴñӿɾͿˣ¼ҹȻ竣ȴҲ֪Ȼ˵õġ
ֻǣһȥոպòŪȴǲΪ֮һͣҲûǰְԵˡ
ٴκȵоƣȴȻǲһԣֻЦƳ¼ү
ˮʱ򣬸Ϊүˣô
üͷһ¼үʱˮЦ
Ʊ죬ȻҪ취ģֳ£бȶ˶ԷĹõֶΣ
㲻ôһ仰ߵĹԹԹ㻹ʲôɵģ
΢΢һˮһʱȴҲ֪ˡ
Ȼ߻¥ͷƣųղ˵ȥҲԺգȻףҲһ糾ŮӶѡڳ¼үУʲôλԣԤƣǵ˳¼ҹӣƱػд鷳
¼ҹӺôͷֻ۸ŮԼĵλôЦһ絭ڵ
ˮѴȻףȻˮȥ͸һĨм֮⣬Ƴ¼ҹӡ
߻¥ĹأүȻҲ׵ģˮҵģͷ˭뿪

һһ߻¥ĹأȴǱĳ¼үûѪ߻¥ŵȻо˱ģҲݲˮʲôղİϷˡ
˽ƾݴһЩأǣǰϣǾǴ߻¥λˡ£һ¼үǾԲġ
ʩѹԷ赭дĻ⣬¼үķμֱҪըˣɫһ䣬ɭȻڵˣҰΧˣ߻¥йأɲ߻¥ĹɣүҪʵʵˮøңô
£ʱʮӿ룬⻹ΪСޣܶ˸
׿Щ߲˵ֻ֣нʮˣԱκ־ͷˡ
ѹˣǳ¼үƣʲôֶΣݸġ
ѹˣ
ŷү㲻Ǽ̳ˣҲǳܹġ


ڶ ʮ ߣ˾й

ֹǷ磬߻¥˼ѾĿŵߣʮλǿߵǿѹƣȻ۷ĸֻ֣Ҳ˼һˣο¼үݣǺ˵ǿ֮£ѵ˸ǿô
û˿÷磬ٴ֮ǰռϷ磬Ҳ޷ıʵĲ࣡Գ¼үŰ裬û˻ɷӲŵĽ
Ȼǿھңӵϣɱ磬зȻ󶪳ȥúһҲǾûаġ
һ˻ǲˣ
е˶Ŀⶼۼ˷ϣ򵥵һش𣬴ķӦǵظ췭
һһˣɲôñġ
ԣȻ˿쳣ǶžƱҲһĳȣδйһ˿Ĳ
ƣˡ
еľƱ£ȴ·ûԷвһ㣬עȫССһյƱС
ƣˣ
򵥵һ仰ٴ˶һֱĸоʲôСӲǱɵ˰ɣ

ٴαӣ¼үڱŭˣһץס߻ĵߵǰĴңָԴŲ㣿
Ƥûգһ£翴ˮһۣ¾ƣ

飡
һαӣ¼үڳױˣĻܷʲôݣ㲻߻¥ɱˣֱӾһƨ
ôҲǺ۷ʵ¼ү⺬ŭһҲмƣԼһ˿ն䣡
գ֮䣬ǺŭնµĵȴȻָ⡣
һ۷壬ֱвʸûУᶯ˶ָͷ׾ٵĻ˶ԷĹơ
ָŶԷĵŻĿڵôүô硣
ү˵ˣүˮøңô㵶ⱻָ⣬¼үȴȻû˿η壬ȻưĶŷ
վŽʮλ֣Ѿ˷磬ڳ¼үֻҪһ仰ͻɵ꣬Ȼûʲôµġ

һ˿мϵȴȻһ䣬һɵɱȻүһ仰ô
ȳ¼үش𣬷ָ΢΢ֻһָĵʱϣת˲֮䣬һɱϯ
үˣ
˲䣬Щ־Ѿ쳣ŭʾ漴ŷ繥
˭ٶһԣ
Ƥûһ£΢һĨȻһ̣еǿ߶ʱɶͣ˽ŲĶŷ磬ȴվû˸ǰһ
ǶϿһصôڷָ⣬˳¼үĲϡ
үһͷұؽնΪ࣡
ĵڲϣ¼ү΢΢һͣ漴ȴԽķŭЪ˹
˺үܣ
һʱ䣬Ҳĺ
ˣǿߣҲͬѵֵ˷Ҫ֮ϣֻҪһʱɱǣȴҲû˭׶֣ͬΪǿߣ֮£Ȼܹնɱ磬ȴҲұ֤ܱȷֿ졣
ʱЩźôүǼһôģ
үأЩ˿ûһܻȥġ
ȻЩȻ֪Էٶ뷴Ӧʵ¼үղչûʲôֱӾôһ㣬ܶ㵽ȥ
ˮ¾ô
ѹûдЩһ˼תˮ

ۣ
һ˲䣬濴ֵȴǲûһҲ̫˰ɣʱ򣬾Ȼ¾ƣûһӰ
¼ҹӸǱɫ࣬ûѪԼĲǱǰغӵģγܹ˼ֱǰԼ·˼װ
үòҪҶǶһ£ǿɾͲˡ¶һ˿Ц⣬ָ΢΢ʱڳ¼үĲϴһѪۣ
ң
ǿ߱üҪȴվѧ磬ⴥ˳¼ү
ĴһǷ絭ڵүȻֲݸܹˣسүûһ仰
ʲôʶ׷һ䣬¼үȴǲûԼһƣʲôⲻ˼Ҹô
Ҳ⣬˵۹⣬
ߣ˾й


ڶ ʮ ƣ
ߣ˾й
Ȩ죬ССķ֮䣬Ҳֽͬһ㡣
̶̵İ˸֣ȴ·ħ˲ͰΧе˲סˣȫһƬžֻ¼үΪڽŶƵĺ
үո˵ʲôҶе㱳û
ûûʲôûʲôҪҡҡԴֻȴţѹ˿δε亹Ӷͷ£ϼһȿ޻ѿЦݣҲʶǣǽΣ
ŷûпЦ˼¼үʱˣĸϷƵġ
ҵүʲôݣһĸҸʡƲƲ죬ѹûнӻ˼
ӣ㵽ô˵һհ졣
еˡĵͷڵģ˺ܺ˵ġ
˶٣˹Ŀ˵ҵţôǰôӣүܵø㲹ɣ
ôǰӣðڶӵ˺ɣ
Ȼ⻰¼үҲˣô
ͷ¹ƽ𻨻ɡ絹ȫû˿˼ģһƽ𣬻һֻǵСǮûļơ
ףüͷûһ£¼үԸûô͹
ƽ𣬶³һһʲС֣ǶĶŷ¼˵ȴֱֵһᣬǳ¼үҲҳȥ
û˿ԥһС˶ʱӻͳһѽƱŵ˷ǰϡ
Ȼǳ¼үȻֻǵ㻨Ǯ
ҲЩ翴ûЩƱ˵ˮӵĺãЩӣⲻһģֻǳүƺҲͦϲˮģ
ӽֻ֮ҪзڣҲٴˮǡҧ˵仰¼үȴǲûѪ粻֪ѷȥ˶ٱ飬һôֱ
ֻǣȴͲµ˼һ㣬ת֮ڵүȻʹ죬ү˶£ҿɲ³үһţԼ˵ʲôˣǶ಻á磬үİɣţԳ¹ӵݣǿ϶ġ
磬㲻Ҫ̫⣬¼үмҪҧгݵүͲţ㵱ɱң
˽˵ȥĻԵǷƨһģǴĿɾǳ¼ҵˡǸʱǷڣó¼ұ˳ЦĻ¼ҵļҷһĲ
֮۶գһ¾ʹӦ˷ǴųžͷڵͷģôһڵĶܲա
ۣ
粢ûлشֻеİصȻɿڳ¼үϻһһĨҫ۵Ѫɫ
㣡Ȼû˵Ҫǣ㻮һȴʹʲôΪޣΪ⡣
ͻȻһʱΧ˶Ūɵˣְǿǳ¼ҵү˵Ϳ۾ûգһ°
ããҴӦ㣡ȫӦˣʹ֮£¼үʵɿĴӦ
ûָǵûɱϾ˳¼ҵү¼ƱǲưոݵģҲҪŪǣһһľԼкȴƫƫɱԼ⣿
ﰡ˭ⳤģܾסһһĸ
ʲôүһû¼ү˵ʲôļƣһ˦־һȥ
˵˵ҳģԲΪ֮£緽ӣΥ£Ѳú
ɿķһģ¼ү΢һһһӣ˭˭ù
ž
һһĵ¼үؿڣֱӽķ˳ȥ磬ĿڵǾͶлүˡ
үү
ְ˽ŵĽסˤ˵ĳ¼үūŲԷŭĿӣֻҪ¼үһ仰ҧһ
ˮƿºô
Ƥû̧һ£˵Ŀڵȴٴΰ˺ݺݵһѣ
ߣ
˼뵽ոԼĶģ¼ҹ㬵ĺһһ˦ӣƿΧ˴߳˰䡣
飡飡
Ҳ֪ĸù˵㣬ȴֱӾͱƵ¥ȥߵҵĶͱ˸⣡
ų¼ƣˣûгԹĴˣļֱ̫ˣ룬ֻòһϣⶪ˵Ϣ͵ôʣ´ү͵Ϊ˼ҵЦˣ
ǣǣƫƫڻˡ
ǲʲôģֻǼҷ飬һ˵ûϵǶ˳¼ҵӣǿɾͲǰһٴ򣬶ЩƤܹ˽ˡ
аݣ¼үʱɫĴ뿪߻¥һôԼֱܶѵѱô
磬ߣƺˣ


ڶ ʮ ֽδʱһ
٣ģֵܸһ
͵һĴȣӸʱһߵģ޲ھͰѷնʮ߰˿顣
ʫôҪ߹ʺ˾Ļģֵõ
˵ˣǼһŴסᣬóٳôҪƤǻܸѧô
ٷģ¸ʲôϵû㷢ģǸ缸ûߣ߻¥ȥ
¾Ǿƺȶˣ⼸Ӹյһһš
ҲǾ͵¼үʲôĽ飬޷ǾǸӵ飬˳ˮ飬ʲôõģ
ıҶһȫûʲôѹԣңǸνһһ˵ݣҲǼΪʵģĻʲôԥġ
ǼһҲʵҿɱ﷭ˡл¼ү̲סֲһ
ģҲǳصģմգôҲʮǿߣʵôΣܸ¼үѵģȻûͨˣҲҪһЩǿ߻ġ
лˣֵǺȾơ
ЩӸŻƺƵɱȥ߻¥¼үǶʱһ˿Ц⡣
ʲôΪƾһԣܰүסôο㻹ʲôӦ
ƣ˭
ظһ¼ү޺޵ķԸ
õ£Ȼͱ˽ˣǿɺޣ

ģĸǷ磬үҹ
ڵĴɱ߻¥̲ס˿ûиӵ˼
ȻҪ㵽˽֪źãû֪ǲʲô
㷽粻ţƣô˵˳ٵĶôãǾ߻¥ǵЩ˵棬ٰٴ²˽ˣ
λүǸʲôֳô󶯾ۼƲԣ߻¥˶ʱЦŴˣǵĴͷƹأͽ㼸λүΣ
裬㲻ôǸʲôģ֪ģ߻¥Ĺףġ¶һ˿֮⣬ǰǹӸǿ׳Ц

磬ôɣİȻûаַӦӸ統Ц
֨
Уŷڻ򿪡
ֻǳ˵ϣ߳ȴǷ磬һεˮ
ˮأһʱûܷӦ̲סںʵ
ЦһˮſڵλүѾˡ
ʲôˣ⻰һӸʱըˣô£缸һӵĻϹȻˣⲻЦô
ףûעⰡʲôʱߵģôû
ֳộ߻¥ЩȻҲǶһֱעŷģˮôһ˵ʱ˿
ѣ
һ˿âһӸ̲ס˳ȥ
û˿ߣˮȴ˵ˣĪҪƭô
ת֮䣬ŷŶʱٴα߿ǿߣ߳˽ȥ
յӣֻʣһиˣκӰ
үûˣ
ŵʶɨһ飬ȷϵȷû˺󣬼֣˳㱨

õ˵Ŀⲻֻصˮϡ
Ҳ˷ʣˮǵĽˮҲ֪ˮȥƣȵˮʱ򣬾ѾӰˡ
˵⣬ˮЦָһӣȻ棬ķһĽƱ

⻰һ˶ʱΪ֮һͣһת䣬ʱ̲סƿڴ
Ҳ̫Ҫ˰ɣ֧Ȼһ
ðɣ˼Ҳ֣͵͵Ҳʲô£Ͼ߻¥ҲĵطȻǣҲ̫˰ɣȻŵģôˣԺ󻹴߻¥ô
˵ˣ˳һѵܶʮô

ҹϰϰ
ȻЩˣЩֻģĿһӰӣԵø
ȻûǣʵϣѰ˵ҲǺ˳ŵġ
વϡصڽϣƽ˼ּ֮⡣
֣ʮӵ·̣ͻصˡ
뵽ƾͲЩ꣬Լ濴Ʒ⣬û츳ȴעԼڼ岻ʲôλԡһλʮ̤ĵܵܣԼûеõӡ
ôһôǴ֪ҪʲôԷأ
ģǸķ磡ᣬǼһӦҲѾͷ˰ɣߣ𼱣⻹꣡ҪСӣ̤ڽ²ǣ

ͻȻ֮䣬Ȼ٣ĳҲͻһ£ûܿסײϡ
ô£
ŭһӵĻ𣬵ͷ˳һͷֱӴӳ˳
ֻһ˲䣬Ƶͫ׾ȻСĶסǰ
ǰԼ10׵λãһ˾ֶ͸һɭȻɱ
ɫĽ£гһɱ֮⣬ͬһı
棬ȾѪ


ڶ ʮ ֽδʱ
ʲôˣ
ǿ߷ɿĽסʵ
΢ɲһذУع
һźεĮɫ͸һ˿ң﷢Լһ̣ƽһĨ֮⡣
¾ǺˣĪҪҳ¼Ϊôʮλǿߵı֮УȴȻû˿İȫС
һ˫Įӵע£·ƬضֻʣһһûκζܸȫУǱܵıѳ¼Ұ˳ͼԴ˱˶Է
룡
ɳƵӺ˿³һ̣һɱȻϯת֮䣬Ȼ
飡
ʮλǿͬʱأȻ֮£նϵȴֻһӰ
ٶ֮
һһٶȣֻһ㾶ԴӽʮλǿߵİΧд
£
һǿߣһֱĶŷ磬֮ǰҲδֱ֣оֲɱϮͻȻ֣ȫǰĿռ䣡
һ֮Ĳ۾Ҳֱ
ۣ
޻ɵĶײһԸǡ˺˹λãȻһνĽȴ׳˵ϣ
һѪĻᶼûУֱӱ˳ȥĳһ𱻺˳ȥ
飡
һײ֧飬ֱӱ˸ԴȶԷӦ˵ĹȻٴ

ִ֮䣬ýס˶ԷĹȻǿֲĳȴʵڲܹģδסٴαɡֻһΣȴȻԭء
Ƥû̧һ£˷·ѹûпǱɳȥǿһ㣬ĮȻ䵽˳Ƶϡ
ոձײ䵽ϣƵѾŪǱԼһ˿Ѫڸոյĳ֮˲ˡ
죬ȴûü˵㿴һѤĵâỮ
ὫƵԴץУۿͷʬɵѪ쵹£һ۳¼ҵĻңֻɱһˣ
ᣬȴһ˵ĺ⣬·˲ص˺¡
Ὣеͷ­׷ɣͬ˳ֶһһ㣬ûж˵һ֣һ㣬ת˲֮ȻʧҹɫС
ֱ˿̣ѹеһĨֲŻɢȥһڴڵĳ·ӹŹһȦһ㡣
£̫ˣ
ȻֻһˣȻԷȴ·̤ʬɽѪ
ۣ
̲סٴһѪǱκɵǿ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫң
ǰһ̣ŵΪȻ۷ĸҲһ󣬻ùӰȫǣô̶̵˲䣬еĶȻ飬ͬΪǿߣڶԷǰȴʸûУ
ǹȰٶȣǶԷ˲䱬ִݿԶԶܹġ
ʮޣڶԷǰȴͬĭһ㡣
Է׸ҲͰˣǶԷƫƫһֻѰ
ʲô𶯣֪ͨӱ̣

ڴϣѻָ˱òһѻյ£һпµĨȥ
ôĹǱƳƷģҪôģʵĿĶֻΪԼϴɶѡ
ݵʱҲŪһ̣ʵϣǹԷСȥ׷ɱ
̿ͳ֣δ֮ʱ
˶Ϊʱ֣Ȼó¼һɵʱ򣬷ȴƫƫǿĨɱ
ķټʵĲ죬˷ɢԼĻɡ
Ȼ˵ҪĨȥ¼ҵĻɣҲǲܵģû˭ɵӣ£ִ˵ɴɱŹġ
ʲôϵأ
¼Լ¶̫Լ֣οˡ
ңԼҲǺ޷֮Ĳװί˭᣿
ǣԼϣ˵ýһ֣Լ˼֮ϣסˡ
ȻȼȻܽԼժĸɾǱ㲻ǷҪЧˣͬһÿһӣῴĸԶǼ򵥵ֻһ͹ˡ
Ĳ֣ǳ׽ԼժǱһ˿ϵȴţԼ϶޹ġ
⣬ǽ췽ֵĿģ
˵ҪɱˣǳүүүʵҪ
ĻŸոսҿϷںͷ
¼ңҵ㣡


ڶ ʮ ң
Ǿǳḻɱ֡
Сĵļֳһ£𿱲ĳ¼Ҹڵ˿룬һУذ׵ĳȣҪһ㣬Ҫзǳ׼ȷжϣȻǿҲ
۷Ķɱ֣Ȼһ˿âתЩ𱣻ƵĻЦ˭ܸңôɱֵģ

һ˲һصˣЩǿҲ⡣
Ϊ¼Ҽ廰ķʵ̫ˣ£һش𲻶ԣ֮ء
үδӴκɱ֣֮䣬ɱϮɱү
ŶЩӣЩˣ͸һĨɱ岻Ŀڵ
ȻӣȴҲϾĹ⣬Ȼ˻ɱֱڴ¼ҵ
ЩЩࡣЦһ£εĻش

ؼүүЩһֱ߻¥ͷˮԡ˵⣬Ѿضˡ
߻¥ͷƿɲôðռģÿ춼ȥֹ˷ˮӣ竿ɾͶȥˡȻڳ¼ҵĵλû˸ǰº֣ûʲôġ
˼ûˣİ䵽ǻϣָһ㣬һƽȻƿնֱ֮նɱ커Ȼˣã
ү뷽˳ͻң˿ۼɫԣʣ¼æ͵
ʱĻ˵Ϸǲɣ֮Ȱǰһضȹȥ˵
磿üͷһƬ׷ʵ׷Ϊһһ˵ķ磿
ǣСƵͷ֮ǰ뷽緢ͻĹһֲ©ظһߡ
ûЩȻҪģǼȻˣûٻʲôһжǾάʵ
ûõĶ

ߣȥ硣
ץޣϹһ˿޵Ц⣬ңָǰڵ
ͳ죬ǳ¼ҵ£ǺαôģһľϸŰ鰸
޷¼ҼǱˣְڣȥùͷ
һ£겹ңҶһһˣҲмȤ
ͳ죬ˣްĸУҲҳʲôһߣ͸ɫ
һ֣ʮ˸Цȥ

ӣ°ײŽʮĶűԺķ缥
΢΢üͷλ룬ô˽լô
㵹קˣ٣СӣʲôԼʵʵĸ߰ɡһ˦ޣңָ磬һЦ
ŶҲȻƽĿڵ֮֮УҲ˽Լ֮Ҳ˽֮
һ£΢΢Ƿ˷ʥͣ޹ʲôԵĵطλָȷǷĳԣ֪֮
е˼ǺЦְ彣֮ϣ̤һӺֶΣϴɣֻҲδ̫Сҵ˰ɣ
Цˣĳеˣ̸ɶ֣
δذɣĶס磬국ˣѣ
۽ǶɨһۣߵʿʱɿĴ˷ķ䣬ͬ˰Ű
Ƥ΢΢һ練ЦˣǹѰ鷳İɣȻˣ˵˵ʲôҲҿǲǱ𡣡
赭дĴѲ£Ҳʱ¶һ˿ɫСˣЩ˼
ϴһ˿΢ЦһֻǾŶԷ͡
¼ү߻¥йͻٰɣ
ȻһЦҡͷĪǴΪүôգ˵Ϊ˱ʦڣδҲЩС˰ɣ
ҪթԼ˵ϢôҲδʵ̫СԼ˰ɡ
㵹ƵһɶЦһ£ҡͷҹɣƲ
Ŷüͷһ¶һ˿ɫ漴ЦҡͷҲǶжĥү̫裬йҲ⡣
㵹ֻĽ¶һ˿Ц⣬ת˲㾶ת䣬ӣıɱ¼үƣһ˰ɡ
˵ЦˣƤ΢΢һ̧絭ڵӿ֮Է٣ֻǣҲɵӡò֤ĳǲߵġ
һ£˵Ҷ֪Щǲ㱳ģҪϴɾɲס
֤ݣ͸һ˿мĮȻֻˡ
˵û֤ݲҪŽ΢΢һɱʱ£ǲģҲҪ
Ҫǡң˵
һ˲䣬Ȼһ˿âס갴֡
λˣ֪γƺ
¶һ˿Ц⣬ƽڣң𣡡


ڶ ʮ ֲ

磡
Ӱգۣµ˲䣬нȻ򷽴ʺ
ĽǶȣĽȻȴƫƫмֺȻ֮⣬ʹһԵаȻ
ҪǣĽǣֽ
ž
ǳ˲䣬ҲȻӦ˹ʯ֮ϣһ֮˵ɶڿһץƾһ㽫ʯϵ彣С
棬֮࣡
ĽͬĶһ㣬ҧסʺ۷ôˣڿʲôرܶ޷һ
һ˿âڿУʣһ̧־;Ե˶Է⣡

׼Ĵ̴ʣѽײһ˲Ľͬʱɳľ룬ʤܡ
ã
ӿ³һ֣˷ŷδȣһ̳һĨɭȻĺϮڲ֮䣬ӻַӦٶȡ
˵ĽҲ
ǹһĨЦ⣬нٴӭȥ粻ŲæĿڻӦ
ͬΪ쾳磬絹Ҳ¶ԷԷȻ֣ʵϣҲûиʲôΣա
ʲôʱ򣬴̿͵ľԶиԲԶԷԼһֲĻᡣ
ʵϣ˵Ľ֣ЩҲֹͣ˷䵹Ķ˵ſЦĿŷ֡
û˭ȥæ˼ӣǱκ˶ĵԵĽ棬ԲҪȥκϵġңڷ磬ҲԼͳʵ
ͬǿ콣û˼봭ϢĻᣬ˽ʣĽ֣ÿһԿ졣˿иĿ콣ƴ֮У˭˭Ͱܣ
ӣ㻹ɣ֤һߵĻᡣ
Ȼӱϣƺ£ʵϣȴһֱռϷ硣
ֽ͵꣬οʵҪǿڷģÿһν棬ʵϣ綼ҪһЩС˻ʤƽʵϣѾڿʼбˡ
ֻδأۣ˿ҪСˣ
Ӧһ䣬ĽȴȻһ䣬ԭ缲Ľһתۼ䣬ȴ·ȻƮƮģ鲻
ĽͲǿ콣֮ԷƴٶȣҪһԼԷʵĲѡ
飡
ɽĵӣؼɣбԾƣȻǰһδ⣬ϰо裬ӦѰĶȴҲѾ㹻ˡ
⣬ϾǽֱߵĴײˣ˵һһġ
ֽȻǿȴҲԶԶ̸Ͻ⣬򣬷еӸԷƴ콣
һתƺÿһڶԷƽ֮ʱ뵽۷ĲϸŶԷĹ࣡
ν콣ʵϣľһֽ࣬һ϶ԷĽ࣬ԷĽ֮УͲԶˡ
Ȼ˿̷ȴһֱڴҶԷĽ࣬Ȼڳ״ϣȴҲһûʹĴ
Ĵ򷨣ʱһѪĸоֽɣܹƵ̶ֳȣ
Žչԭڷһ˿ӣҲɢĸɸɾ
磡
һ˿ɱ̲סõ˽
ǰһͬ磬ǿͨĽУĿֲɱС
ŵ˵ɱ˲䷭һЩֲĽܹﵽ֮ࡣ
ӿ³֣Ȼ䣬Χ¶ȼ罵ͣգ֮䣬ȻļòȽ
ȻҲֻһʼѣ
·ܵʲôгΧȻγһС͵ȻΣȻȴʵڣڷɿ׳
һ˲䣬ͻȻһΣУһڴ̿͵Ĵ֮ĥֱ
нһ缸ЩҪܿƵķ羢ˣ
Ĺ֮£Ψ羢ĿֲܸڶԷ֮䣬һٻԷĹ
ֻǣͷһѸٱ簴ȥ
羢ĴʵھԲʱ¶ϮɱƵ飬Ϳܻᱩ¶
һ˿ϵöԷƶΪ֮
ֻһЩɣԼţô¼Ҿ;Բȥƴ
ǼܹȷǷ磬Ϊôǲݵˣ
ʯ֮䣬ڻȻɢȥе¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫȥ
䣡
˲䣬ĽҲڳɣгΪģȻһɿֲ磬˲Ϣ֮;Խ˽ȥ
ݿ
ûӦĽ޷򿹺⣬һֱӱ˷нʶϣһѪɶ

һ֣ȴȻ֣ԭΪܹ˷磬öԷʧȥһзſһȴûܷ鷽ս⡣
һѪɳʮ׵ľ룬ȻȴȻִվţŶϽ㸺ҲȻûа˼

͸һĨɱĶŷ磬Ŀ䡣
ɷսҪ˼䣡ͦıֱǼᶨУҲˣҲùһĪе


ڶ ʮ 𽿤
ãȥˣ
һ˿ɱȫްԥ㣬ת缲籩ٴιȥ
ıԭɱ磬ֻҪȵ¾ǣܲܰϣʵ⡣̬ȴǶʱŭˣҲɱô
ֽȻûٴζýֻǣԷ״ȴҲ޷֮ͬǰһŵĹˡ
ѹƣȫѹƣ
ֳֶϽͬеһҶۣʱܸ
սⰻȻ·˿ûԾ罣Ʋ˿ңΪˣмܣȴҲȫûзֿ˼
ס֣ס֣
ͻȻ֮䣬һСԺ֮УһЩŮٵ
ûͷƾһжϳ˵ݡ𽿤
˲Ϣ֮䣬ͷ
𽿤ϧ֮ģο̤԰Ȼ֪𽿤ǴĵõϢܹǲΪѷġ
һˣһЦһڣһѹû𽿤ļƣһǽն䡣
ݣ
ֲı֮ǰ粻ͬһȴͬƽؾȻը죬ٶȽֽĵֲչֵ쾡£
ʤ
˵ոһ磬жܵĿܣôһǾȴֱٶȽ˳
ɭȻĽâƿնϰ䵽ϡ
ۣ
һѪâ壬һƬѪת˲䣬ͬƲһײ˳ȥ
˵ûô
һ̤СѾͷ¶һ˿ɫŭ
Ǹ£¹һʱûס֡ۼڵϣشȴȻŶϽû˿˼¶һ˿ź֮ɫȴҲûмֵ˼ˡ
𽿤ȻˣԼִ֣Ǿǵİ뿤Ϊˣ£ǾԲġ
ڷ磬һһˣܻлġ
ӣӣôСĵĲס壬СѾͷŵʵ
лģʱˡǿһ˿ЦݣӲ
ˣ˭ȨѲ鷽Ӿĸۡۿ𣬺𽿤ڵ
¹Ҳְڣҹ¼үǰȴ뷽ӾйֱӳͻǴ˰ˣ¹ٱҪӾȥ飬κηӾһⲻϣ¹ٲѣֻó֣һʱûܿƺ˵˷ӾҲ֮٣뿤½⡣
йͻɱ֣Ҳδ̫˰ɣɨһۣ𽿤˰ֵˣԽ𣬳ҵȷ֤ݣ㲻ҪŷӾˡ
¹Ȼϣ𽿤ûʸ참ģǺ𽿤ȴı谮Ī˵ˣƹľᶽҲⲵ˺𽿤ӡ
¹ٸˣ
к𽿤ڣȻҲʲôҪȥĻ
ܹһѷƵ̶ֳȣҲѾǳˣڳƱ̵İӣҪôƣȴǲĵġ
лź𽿤һ񣬷̾Ϣһ鷳ˣ
ЩС¶ѣҡҡͷ𽿤ѾŪһ㣬緽һȥСסΣ
ȻѾ𣬵ǣ𽿤ȴҲƾһ仰ס竣
л⣬ֻǣЩ󷽱㣡΢΢ҡͷȴǳϵľܾˡ
𽿤δȻƽձϧ֮ǴȥҲһЩлġ
ȻҲֻǷɡ
ڴ̿˵˿Ҫ취һǣңˮɻ밡
΢΢ü𽿤һʱȴҲЩʧ
Ӧ˹ķĲǣֻĪģյϢ֮󣬱㲻Ĵ˸˹÷ȥԼǱСסĪǣĪǣܵӰô
С࣬ȥҴ淽ô
ǣȥ¶һ˿֮ɫСѾͷҲ֪ôģһܣæתȥ÷ͺ𽿤͵ͨ۾
ֽǼΪģպϣСġ룬𽿤ڶ
ֽҲˣֻǽʵԿ⡣Цһ£̾Ϣ
˵⣬𽿤𣬷籾ʲôȻѧ˽ֻҲ޷õģ
죬ԭ˵ͷһؼȴ־Щð̧ۿһСѾͷȥڻûпڡ


ڶ ڶʮ ң
ģӱǿߣָˣ࿪ӣԼӵ±ָܻ
ϸĸϹϴḧ룬Ŀڿο
лˡԵ˵ͷ𽿤ڷԸС࣬
ԥһ£𽿤ȴҲ˼һ˴򵥵ĺͷһ£Ҳ뿪˷䡣
СԺʯԣȴζӳ£СѾͷķӦȻǿģ˵СѾͷϲ磬ǲйˡ
ֻǣĪģȴҲ޷֣ǷݵȻ̬ˣ뵽СѾͷܻһͻȻЩġ
С㣡ôˣϴСѾͷһ۾ͿʯԵĺ𽿤ѯʵ
û¡¶һ˿΢Ц𽿤ҡͷոҲˣ֮ԲǸ𣬾Ϊὣ
һ£𽿤˵һЩؼﵹҲвٽͷɡ
ô̫ˣֻҪѧὣǸʲôɵģ϶ǷӶ֡¶һ˿ϲɫСѾͷȸԾ
ѽҿж̫ˡЩεСѾͷϵ˵㣬𽿤ЦŴȤ
ûУ˶СţСѾͷ
ˣû£ķӰɣһȥҺʵĽͷǡҡҡͷ𽿤
ôУС಻ڣ˭չС㰡
İɣѵһڸҸѾ߷ôЦҡҡͷСѾͷ˵𽿤ʱ֣ˣôˣЩ죬չɡ
ҲСѾͷĻᣬ𽿤ʱתȥ΢΢ЩᣬȴǸֲ壬СѾͷ£ΪСѾͷԼķˡ

С࣬Ҹļζҩ
Ȱ˼Σ޷СȥЩεĿЦһ£ڻǿ˵
ҩСѾͷʱһ˼Ŀŷ磬ǿ̫ҽԺϴ򣬱ǱҲǳʶء
ͷһôʣȴ֣ô˵ûֻҡҡͷ޷ҲԶҽ΢Ķһ£Чõġ
;ͨҽǸҽѧ߶ȷ綼ǿܹƵҽҽȻҪѰĴǿˡ
򣬵֮Ҳô׾ƭˡ
ǡȻ֪ŻˣԸķ£СѾͷȴվЩִġ
Сģ㲻ҪôʱҵķӦǣвԣҲüǣ
ȷˣСѾͷûѣŷ˵˼ζҩȥץҩ
СѾͷȥ΢˿ִͷʮ룬ɿԼѨλ˼롣
νҽμǶڷ˵ȴȫû£̿ͣѧҽܸԼˣЦ
΢΢Ŀʱ䣬γպãһ˿ɫָûŴͷзɿ
ľ滹ң£һ𣬻ŷ鷳١
ˣԼڸӣԹ˲Ͼ˼Լˣٶˡ
ɱһƣ˻ԼôԱɱһЩ
ҲЩԼе竹壬ɱ˭ɱ
һΣƺӦðĸһЩǡ
˵𡭡ΪµĹϵǲ̾Ͷ֣ǱЩӺˡ
𿴽ĽǷ˴Ǳˣʼգ綼ûù羢־ûʩչԼƵֵز
ҪǣˣǴ̿ͣ
ڴ̿˵ĶսԶ
ֻںڰ֮еĴ̿ͣ˶ĴηĿֲڡ

ǸʵΣյһ𣬱Ȳѯʵܲνһ˵Ļᣬɲ
ᵽɫʱ˼֣ǿĽǳãңҲûմʲôˣֻʤ˵֮䡣
ţ
ôһ˵ȴǶʱѼһŵ׷ʵɣֽһʵǿģִ֮䣬ҲӦ˰Ȼܹ£
ĽǳÿһǡôĻʱڴҹ࣡ȻӮˣȴҲòϣֶΣ˵⣬Щź̾Ϣϧպ𽿤ϵƴű𷣣ҲҪȡ
⣬𽿤һʱ𣬴һнǱ㿹ˣ뵽ʱ˳
΢΢˵ͷ𿪿ڵ츳֮£ֻҵȣ˼̶ֵѡ
ǿļ壬ǵ̵ı֣ǿĹǽЩܹͨõġ
ᣬҪϢĹѰЩͷ취˵ͷһ˿ɱɭȻڵ


ڶ ڶʮһ һ
үһء
磬ĳĽ٣ĪŮ˹ŵƨѵ
ӣ
зһ˵ŮͬצһڳĪԵϣᣬ٣˼˯һ
ϽģװԹԵģүȻ㡣ЦŮ˹⻬ؿţĪźүҴ·
죬鲻ԸŮ·Ĵ˸Ƿ㾶´ȥĪҸɾ·
ףʲô˯ʼ䣬ŮȴͻȻϿһźɫİƴСİķİڷڳĪ׸ɾ·֮ϣЩۡ
˭ӣǵûаŮĪ˿漴˳ִƳһۡ

һȴǶʱһû
ʲôСеģĺһĪ̲סԺǳ
ǣү֡
ʲô߰ģһ֣ʾŮùĪֽӽУȴϺȻдڵĴ֡
Ŀ΢΢һĪȴǶʱһ£ʱһ˿ԤסɲʲôĴŮˣӹĸоɱ⣬ǰ̺ʲôɱǴǼ򵥵ֵıʻ͸
صĽҿ״úڱд֡Īԣ
мĿհ״дżĪĴ飬˿ͷԡ
գ飡
߼ƣڰðɫд仰Ϊβ
˭㵽
Ȼβ򵥵ĻȴһַĵĿ־壬·ֻҪ࿴۾ͻûһ
ĪԲһ
ⲻǶĻôʣǶԷµɱмϵĴȻǣԷм͸ɱȴܹ׵ĸܵġ
ֻǣȻϢİѰŵΪʲôɴֱɱԼαضһٵʲô
١⵽ʲôͰ͵ĿųĪԣ˾ŵСһֻʱ򣬳ĪȴѾ˲ˡ
⴦طǷǳصģǹ˽һЩƯŮŪģǼҲû֪ԷȻܹҵԼټֱָư
Īǡǳڹ
Ƭ̣ĪһƿɿĴ·Űȥ
٣١
Ļ쵰Ҳ˭޺޵һ䣬ĪԳȥȴ˿ûٴŮ˵˼

磡
͵Ĵ˸磬ӣĸŮˣ
꣡
ĻСѾͷʱ̲סЦӣģ˻Ҳ°˵㣬Ҳġ
ԣԣһðֻһ磬϶ҡԴҡĺͲ˹Ƶأ֮Ŀڵ
ӣ׼ˣһɡҲ᷽ĹСѾͷЦŰѸո׼õĵģ˹Ц˵
㣬лСˡһӴյԱߣЦŽӹ
ӻָ죬Ų3죬´ءԱߵĵϣŷڴڵĳԷСѾͷ
ǣСչţٲõĿһ㣬ǸôЦŴȤҡͷ
ԥһ£СѾͷٴοڵҲһƬ⣬ӣΪҪܾأ
գСѾͷź𽿤˼˽ؼֻǳϵǣĬƬ̺ȴȻܾˡ
ᵽ粻΢΢Щʧ漴ͷ˵ֶ鷳̫أҡǷ𣡡
̿Ϊ˴ɱȻſڿӣαװƭ伫
ǣ̿ȴҲŵǵŵԣǰ޻ڣȻ֪ҲԸĸ
𽿤⣬Ȼףȴ׽ܵģ
̿ҪʲôԼȥȡǳ飬ǿɱ㲻ܹˡ
뷨ƺЩظǣڷ˵ȴ顣
Ϊ̿ͣ͸ˣ
ӣŷӣСѾͷ죬ȴʵڲ֪˵Щʲôֻ̾ϢһĬĬŷ硣
·𿴴СѾͷ˼ȻһЦİɣС࣬ûôģбǱƵʱһȥҿæġ
̧ɨһ۴⣬ȴǶʱһ˿аȵЦ⡣
ʱ򣬶ԷӦѾ˰ɣ
ò˶ãͻΪЩǵجΣˮ׽ɣ


ڶ ڶʮ 
ʲôƨ⣬үģ쿪ʼҾһֱߣҪ˭װŪӹһۣʱЦү㺮Ҳɱֳ¾ǾЩļһ
㺮۷ʵɱֳŵ˵֮£⡣
㺮⻰ĪԶʱһϲԭҲ漴ɳ
춼ûﵽļӵܣǸûʸʹ㺮ģֻ㺮þƣƽһֱúþ׽Ըְ
㺮⻰ĪԱˡˣĪ漴Ц㺮߻¥Ȥôǽձȥ߻¥úúȼ
Ŷ¶һ˿â촽㺮ȴ˵Ļϲ
Ȼ۷ǿߣȴҲֻǳɼҵһˣ߻¥ֵصطҲһġ˵ˮˣĴͷƣҲû
ǸųĪһȥǿɾһˣɼҵƣǺõĽ

ӣô˰ǺúñȻһ£
ڷСԺߺỵ̂ȫȻûаֹ˼ɣֻǰں𽿤һЩСѾͷһȴҲûӲСԺ
ڣ粨鿴Ľζ
ɶ񣬷ӣôܿȥ飬ءŽŶŴ⣬СѾͷĹĵľ
ι˼˵ûѽ绹ûʲôӦСѾͷȥק硣
ЦҡҡͷεķеС࣬ѵһܳȥǴһô
΢΢һͣСѾͷ𣬷أȻָĲѾµˣǸ˶֣ƺǲʣǣǣҲܾ
̯̯֣Ǵһ˿Ц⣬ҳȥһ٣ȻԼʱ䣬úýѵһ٣
ððӦСѾͷͬ
ͷЦõСѾͷԴһ£ż˵ڳȥҲֻͽ˳ЦˣЩ竣Ǹ㽲ˡ
أЩһӺõʱ򲻸ƫƫŹ˻䳰ȷġ˶ţСѾͷԼҲڳȥЩףֻ㬵ĺһֹ
֮һ֣ˡǹһ˿Ц⣬ҡͷίΪ˵һһǣôţҲҲһмֲŻѡ
⣬СѾͷȴǲ΢΢һһʱûܷӦ
豭һһȻгɾ͸УֻһҲûԸȥ˰ɣ
ǡ÷˵ƺЩԾСѾͷȴƫƫҲʲôԱ粵ĵط
ˣС࣬ȥɣô˵ǲȥЦҡҡͷٴΰ䵽֮ϡ
Qɣ˽ǻû˼Q

ã
㺮һ·žãĪԻλƵȥ
߻¥㺮һϵĻƣҲûκ쳣·Ǹһһ㣬ĪȴǶʱ˼˸ֺ
ȻΪͷ۷ָ֣𱣻Īԣ㺮ûкġ
ܶǸͰʮֲмΪɱֳ¶һСȴǳԱܣʱ㺮ٷ裬Ҳǲ׺ġ
ү
ˣĪԳеľƣææĴ˹СĵķųĪԺ㺮
ظ˰֣Īʵߺȡ
ʻԼһ˿΢Сĸ֨죬ȴȻĺ˹ȥ
㺮ǼһȻƣһΪأϧˣûܿ㺮ֶΣã
˵ЩСһ˿м㺮ؿڱ֤үģڣƾʲôˣҲ˲ү
㺮Ļû˵꣬㶸Ȼٵ͵һҵĻζ
飡
һ죬ɿʻŵͻȻɢܣꤲ֪ôģͻȻѿͰɢˡ
Ȼùŷ·Ǹոտʼꤷߣ͵ĵ䵽ϣʱѳĪ㺮˸߻صģûȷӦ͸оỹǷɿǰ
һͬСɣǳꤵҲӦ˿ŵļǰ
㺮ϾɱֳоԵ˲䣬̾ͷӦ˹Ȼһƺݺĵ˳֮ϡ
۷ǿߵεȿֲ˿̸Ǿŭ֣һƱֱӽ飬һקסĪԾ˳
˲ŸոԾֻһƿ֮һ

ڿУ㺮Ҳȫû˿ɫһâ־һȭȻϮ
䣡һ˸飬ȫ޷㺮κв
ͬʱ㺮קųĪ͵䵽˵ϣ˫ŵأһְȫбʱĵӿ֮ǰͻȻϮĻҶʱɢ˲١
ֻǻû㺮⣬ȻµĵƽʱȻͬøվסš
ƽʱٻ۷ǿߵʵҲ׽ˣǣǱһ£һ鳵ԾڿֻϮﻹжˡ
ο˿ǻקһĪԵġ
ͨ
ִ֮£ݲٽһӱˤ˵ϣץųĪԵҲԾ˿
ۣۣۣ
㺮Īˤ˲䣬һƿ֮
а
УͷŸո㺮ִ֮佫֮ȻԼ
΢һʹЩ͵ϮİȴǸûͻġ
ֻǣһ̣㺮ȻһѰ֮УһöĪԵİ
ǵȵӦʱ򣬳ĪԵϣȻѾһѪʧȥһϢ
ֱһ̣㺮Ȼ֣ҹһѰʵһѸѡ
ԼվȵģҲʲô¼Ǽ򵥵һ̲գ
һ˲䣬һĪĴʣȴȻٴӿ㺮Ժһ޿ɵĺȻӽŵӿϣȫһĪɭ
ա飡


ڶ ڶʮ Լ
֮ڣ㵽֮ˣһ
Ų豭ƽĿŶԷû˿ָ˼ȴɸһεѹ
Ǻ⣿ۿ𣬺˻̧ͷǵĮĪǣӻɱΪ
ֽϼƵǰȻ²豭˾Ĳֲֶ֣Σ˵ǶɱΪ˭ҲŰɣ
һ£˵Īԣ۷ǿ߻ڲ࣬ȴԷ˶ûڸ֮¡
֣󣬱ǿߣλֱǿһ𺣣ʬǶҲ
Ƹơ
ˣȥ˶ʱϵҿԱ֤²ɱ˵ġ
ԵͷϾЦЦ֪ףţûκá
俴𣬺һԲ
̶һ֮ڣйӵΣû˸ϳţȥϡ
ΣЩԸ˻ǲò
ʵ̫ˣһǵıŭɱҲúù־ˣǲһ˿·
һƳˣڵ
ô
˵⣬ŻӻóһƽƵ˺˵ǰ
һдŵ֣Ȼǡ
֣Ҿƣޣ
ŶԭǱǵôǶʱ¶һ˿ڽ֮ɫ
Ǹˣʼ磬𵭵һţαģ

ţҲ̫ɣһΣȻµأ
һСѾͷȲ򷽴˵
üͷ΢ɲһӣôˡ
ιô⸱Ӱѵ㲻ÿô쵰ϾҪɵأڴ˷СѾͷһûκκøеġ
̲סЦ˳ҡͷǿδأʵҲǿĺܡ
ʲôãΪȻƲƲ죬СѾͷ˸߲ҵİŵǰЩӣǽӵˣһС׼ţôţһѵô
ЦЦȴҲСѾͷ磬ֻü֮ȴǲһ˿΢ɲ⡣
ȻļǵãԼûи¹仰˵һΣļ
Ŀģ¾Ҫ֮ˣһοԷ൱İ
ԷǣȻѲ³¸ԼĻһﵹǿĿ԰
ôܹԼȥô
ô
˼ͬʱԺͻȻһϤ
ļǺεһת㷴Ӧ˹˺Ȼ
˭̧ͷ⿴ȥСѾͷŽֹ
𣡡¶һ˿Ц⣬С࣬ȥɣ
ǸΪʲôҪȥߣСѾͷĹĵҡͷ
֣ЦһСѾͷԴǿͣôûò
Դ۾Ĺĵĳŷ߶һ䣬СѾͷתȥ
Ƭ֮СѾͷЦ˽
ӣ
ŷԹ֣Ǽ̾ϢһüĿڵطҲ˵ˣҲ
𣬷粢ֻ΢Цָָǰӣ
ҡҡͷЦʵһΣ󷽹Ӱæġ
Ŷһ˿΢ɲĺâȴԼѾµ⣬ֻǱȴȻһӡ
λȨأʲôǽ˵ģҪӰʲôȷ˵СѾͷĶ˻ȥ
֪ϴεҵĴֻΣڵϦ뷽Ӳǰӣ־ҡŷ繪һЦ˵
ֲˣʲôҪСܵĵطֻҪܼСܾáæֻǣʵڲףܰʲôæ
һ֪УʵµģҲֻзˣΣұҪ֣취ˡ
˵ЦˣΪͳ죬ֻҪȥȻиֳȥðաЦҡҡͷֵ̯̯
ˣҲɵӣǿֻ֣߳Ҳ㲻֣΢΢ҡͷ𻺻ڵЩӣӵܣССһڵĻָ̻̣ڣΪǣŻһٳ


ڶ ڶʮ Ȧף
ػ̹֮Ƭ̣漴ֻǣСδ԰ֵæ
аЦϵ̬ȴʮ㡣
÷ּЦˡЦһ£εҡͷ˵ʵڲһ֮ҪðգΪѹ̫Ҫ½ѫڼ֮еĵλʵ˲֮١
ôø˵Լ⣬СѾͷŵ΢һЩֻȴȻǲм
ַģҲðգһ£׳նϴ뷽ֽ֣ҷ֣ƺὣ
ȻһĨ⣬ȴȻһԲ
ֻҪֿϰæԸ͸һнΣ
ջ󣬳ջ
øİ˼˵֣µŵǸ϶֣ԽΪ꣡һκ˶ĳ˰ɣ
ϧһȴȫ벻ģ
Ƿµģżٵ
ֻҪץסһ㣬Ѿƶϳ̫ˡ
ʣһȦףһԷ磬Ǹνˣ
Ȼ˵Ǹˣ²ҪĿ꣬ڷ磬ǲ§ݴӣӴŶѣҲΪܹĵ
ת䣬ЩǹɱȴǼˡ
ҪɱˣҲˣȻҪӴŽԼҲնɱ֮䣬ôĳô
Ե޹ʵģֻΪʼɣͽҪԼأˡɱ֮
ӣҪӦʵ̫Σˣ
קס½ǣСѾͷЩĿڵ
޷Ƭ̣ЦСѾͷ֣漴תֻһҪȸҡ
΢΢ԥһ£漴ȻЦһ緽ԸʵԽǿжԽкôвӦĵ
ӣ
ӦСѾͷȴǼֱţ޲ðļһ߳ȥźá
ϴùнֱ֪Ƚϲһ֣
΢˼һ£绺ݰɣ
Ȼǿ׼ʱڷ˵̫࣬ʵڲʲôõѡ
ȻһЦҲԥӻͳһĲӣŵϣл͸ˣһӷ֣֣ܽ
ӣ㣬ôܴӦİˣ
ߺСѾͷͷˣԸ㽣㲻ϽܣȴƫƫҪðôķȥ㡭ô
΢΢̾ϢһСͨСѾͷס֣ˣˡ֪ģҵѾˣʵڲǷˡ
εȻΣգǣȴҲûԱ֮ʱһвԣұ֤ͷܣԲġ
һ£˵˵д֣ĵвֻҪҲƴȶԷҲɱҵĲǣ
ǹҪ˼ҵĵģߣһȥˣĶ˶ţСѾͷȴͷҲصĴ˻ؿȥˡ
СѾͷԶȥıӰ粻̾Ϣ
ЩӣСѾͷһֱչԼȻ˵ǿ˼ֻҪɵӣҲܸоСѾͷˡ
ֻǣڷ˵Щȴʵ̫ңԶˡ
̿ͣעǹ¶ģвǣңǣҾͻΪĴ
οģѾˣһȵһƣȡİʱ򣬾Ѿǧ꺮ˡ
Щ߰ͷȥǻһ˿ɱ
ȦôôԼԴһˣ˭˭
ַݣɿ
ôһЩʵǺõġ
νڷ˵ҲһȽʵѣҪ֣ȴ޶Ѷȣ
ɽĵӣûԣֻͱͷһɽֱʦˡ

֣׼ô
ٴμˣ𵭵ѯʵ
ģҼȻӦ㣬ͲʧԼһ߸ˣȫ۷ʵ˵ͷ˻˵ǵˣǾͨɱ֮ģֻҪƻõǳ׵ǿߣҲ£
ҵļƻκ⣬ֻҪǲᱻԷ־ͺáЦһ£ˣԷҲǶɱ֣
Ȼҵ˳֣ͲҪһŲҵӣһգüͷһ˲̲Ŀڵ
ȴҲѾˣԼȻֵ̫ǣɱˣֺγҪ׬ȡѫ̸ϣ˭˭Ǹȡˣ
ˣЩɫ
ƺһȴҲڶ˵תȥ
ʵϣܲǸˣҲûаգⲢҪ˵ֻҪܽ˻磬ǾѾ㹻ˣ
һвĵˣϴһս֮󣬾Ѿ˱س֮ˣ


ڶ ڶʮ ˭޳ܣ
̤̤
ϣવ̧ͷһ۴⣬֣Ҫȥ
ȿ¶һ˿֮ɫӻͳɫİݸ硣
һץбһЦҲΪˣǲʲһģһǰҲԼдһ޶
Ȼϸ۲죬ͻ֣ᷢվЩɱġ
֣Ҿƣޡ
΢ҡҡͷ֣ʾҪֶ֣Ҳô԰ɣ
ôЦһ£ҡͷ֮ǰҾͽӵҪѲӣĿĵǡþһƬ֡
˵Է֮ǰѾ֪Ϣˣüͷһʵ
¾ˣ̾Ϣһ֣м֮˵Ҷ˾޷ˣʲôźô
һۣ粻һǣң֣ǵи⣬ʵǿϧ

ӣ
𽿤СѾͷһȻȴȻȥݿգ粻˷ټ
СѾͷۿ΢죬Ŀ𽿤һʱȴҲû⡣
ֱһ̣𽿤вһ˿⣬һֱò⣬ҪҪֹ磬Ҳʱ䡣
뵽ȻȥԸˣбһ΢ʹ飬ȻҲ֪ģߵ׸֣Ҳ̹ԣǶԷһĴɱȻûʮİܹӦ
˶ţ𽿤Ҳһ˿⣬ΪһҪȥðΣգǻĲͷô
ǲԼôԼҲҵ¸죬ѽˣôҲðΣպá
ˣȥҲ飬ȥ΢˼һ£𽿤ʱ

ɢѲɽ֣κ쳣̷źżϡ˻֣ʾĽɢ뷽粢绺֮С
һ·ϣǷ磬ͬɢСǰУ˭˿Ĵ⡣
Ȼ໥ҪˣǱͬˡ
ˣ֣ǽɻôʼ磬ͻȻʵ
ãûʲôѡνЦЦ粻䣬̧ͷɨһȻУסһֻƿɫļǰȥ
ԼҲǹʮӵӣͻȻͣ˽ŲǴһ˿Ц⣬ת֣ҿǰƬЩհ
΢΢һһݣ˵ԷƬ֮У
粢ֻеƿ
һ²ֽ󡣡
뽲һ˿ڷܵ
ʵϣҲ֪ɱ˵˾ǲֵʲôλãҲȫûв˿쳣Ȼŷܹʲôˡ
ԩ޳𣬽ֻΪһֱأֵô¶һ˿ڽ֮⣬ƽڡ
˵ʲôôף
ҲװɵԹԵʵֿ˵ʴķô
˵ʲôֱһ̣Ȼоһ˿ԣȻ˿ŷ
ڷӦֻЩˣЦһ£̽ӣѾƿᶪɹȻʱ֣źֿԸô
ңȻһ˿ɱʱѾ˲Ǹˣ΢ֱ̽ȡʺ
ֽ
ûڳһսĽȴǱϴθĶࡣ
̸ϣ޷ǲԱѡȻһ㣬Ȼɳȥ֣ͬǼڽ
ôµģһгȻһâŷ繥ȥ
ݣ
ݣ
ͬʱ뷽ͬʱӿ³֣
ƽըףֲĽâ֮Ʊת֮䣬âͬʱƿնһڿ˶ײͬʱΣ
ǳֵĽǶȻٶȣ綼˿ֻֽĵ󶾣ȴǶ˼ִ磡
һų֣ȴǳװסˣ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫôܣһϣôѧᾪݵģ
Ҫ֪ԼҲ˽һܵʱ䣬ڳָ£ǿǽľġ
㻹ǶһԼɣѵ㻹ûоڵڷɿôĴ˸ǷĿڵ
¶޳ܣ


ڶ ڶʮ תɱ
ȫܹĸоţĻٸȥ͵Ľ˰벽һͷͶǰӵС
ȻҲ̫ȷɱ˵ǲľܹ飬ƺǲԸӵġ
Ǵһ˿Ц缸ûκԥһȥ
ôֻ£ֻ»һ˭˭ֲء
粢û־ѾжˣϵԽãԽûзûҪôŻɱңȻ̤֣ûҪ˽ǡ
䣡
ֵ̤ͬʱͬʱֱڵĿռ䣬Ѹף
㹥
һ˿֮ɫƶȻһ䣬һಽķ϶֮Ʋ䣬׷
ӱ濴ֻһ򵥵ĲಽȻʵϣһȴ̫̫
̤֮ǰѾжϳ˶ԷλãתֱӾѾ˶ԷֵܳķλһܿĹ
Щ˵ӣʵϣһĴ̿˵̫ѣǰһʮǹֵĹ£ɱԶݡ
ȻЩЩɱ˵ʵ̫˼ˡ
һʧ֣ɱֶû̷Ӧһ룬׼˷ķλ׷ȥ
Ŀɲֻˡ
ܿͬʱǰ۷ǿɱֲǣֵķλҲͬʱˣ˷·
λ۷徳ɱͬʱ֣ݣҲһ󷢺ΪжĿ־壬Žˡ
ʶô
ΪֻҪӦԼһ˾͹ôıɱ֣֮
ۿҪΧɱ˲䣬ͻȻɫһ˿Ц⣬һ̣Ȼôʧԭأ·ûгֹһ㡣
ȻֵıʣʱŪ˸ֲô˲ԭʧѾ߸˵֪
ʧȻܣֲôʧ
νʧʵûһЩֶչӾƭѣʱһļ
ֶΣոճʱѾùˡ
ȻôѸʧģʵȻһˡ
Ͼɱ˵רҵɱ֣һĹҲ㷴Ӧ˹˵ͬʱչ֮䣬ٴ˷ڵλá
ȱɱôͻȻʧģ
ͷɱͻȻڷԸͻȻʧֶʵ̫ģܹŪ֣ôɱ˵һİƾܹͣĲҲһ
Цһ£гȻֶͬڿնХһˡ
ͬʱȻһ壬ͬڵɳֱɱֵĻײȥ

ɱȴǼֱˣ˵ɱˣҪָԼôһ̤ûõСӣûȻУκεԼô
ͷոתɱȻ̧ҷ˿еĳһնԼײķ硣
飡
ת֮䣬͸һĨɱһײƵһȭɱֵ࣡
羢
˽ľ֮£ȫķһֱɱֵࡣ
˲ɱ
ȫֵ£ڴ̿˵ʵǿԼĶ֣Ҳܹͬһɱο羢ı֮£ʵҪǿڶԷˡ
飡
һ·һźţĻ
ûڳù˼ݵص˴̿͵Ȼע⽫һѪȵɱ
֮Ѿķת
ڿһӰذĳУٴնɱһˣʱװסˡ
ʵ֮ǰ˽⵽ĲҲʵ̫˰ɣôܣ
һԭ𶼴򲻹ˣôת֮䣬ͱܹ˲ɱ۷ǿߵĿֲڣ
ɱģ
ȻһͷȻŷ磬ʧ
ֱһ̣ڷӦ˹ԷʵѾ׻ɱˣȻƺ¼в࣬ǣȴֱֽܷжˣ
ɨһۣĮȻڣǸ֪ƺ̫ˣ
Ȼҵ֣ûд뿪
Ҳɱʱ򣬷Щɱ֣ǷҪɱĿ꣡
֮תڴ̿͵̨Ѥ֮裬עûлܹ͵ĵ


ڶ ڶʮ ʱ棡
־
չ־ͬӰһ㣬Ⱥ֮һӰϱã״зֱ
ɽ֣ӦɱֵȻ˿Է磬ȴ·˲пĵѾһʱȴͻȻ֣һʧӰ١
û㷴ӦߵĳһߵϵĿ֦ͻͻȻɷ磬㷢ֲͻϮ
ԣϵôҲţ
ͻȻ֮䣬һɱȻ˳͸һ˿Ȼ֮ɫæ˿
ڷôǴһ˿Ц⣬Ȼߣ˸ǣʴķϴ˲ֹһݡ
һֻɵƿᱻ֮ϣһĩɢ䡣
籾ûҪƾԼʵǿɱЩˣΪǸʵ
ʼԷĹʵ͵Ϯɱ⣬ǿɱǱƱҪصĴˡ۷ǿߣϾġ
̿ͣҲûĵĴͳ
ɱ֮ʩչ־ܿʱѾĵʴķۣĴܵĹ򣬽ʴķΧ֡Щɱʲôط᲻Ծʴķۡ
ƽʱһţЩɱȻܷ̾Ӧ˵ֿܹȻǻܵġǣڷĲɧ֮£ЩɱֱͱƵĲͷ߹ﻹ׷쳣
ȵʱжҪǿɾˡ
ܼ򵥣ˮһܷˮ²ԵʱѾûˡ
ֱһ̣˲Ȼѣԭ۰ɱֶ羹ȻǻҪµĶ࣡
ˣͻȻ֮䣬Ȼ򣬺Ȼľ˳
ǵģãֱ˿ֱ۵ĿɱֶΣɱЩɱֻҪרҵھѣҪˣͺȻһֲ֮ɱô
һͨͨ
ͨһ㣬Ȼһġ
ûԷˣȻһʱ֪һαģô֮˵һлԣ˼ȻͶֻһЦˡ
ҲֻĽͲ˵ͨ
ǲǹʵƴűԼˣҲ¶һ˿ۼ
һв²ⶼģôĶ֣ʵ̫ˣµĻʧȥ
̾Ϣһһ㣬֮ǰӳĳٴλص˷С
Ӱֹ⣡
潣ߣ͸һ˿⣬ת˲֮䣬̶֣̲һӵʱ䣬ʣµλǿߣҲͬ˽꣡
ʴķ۷һɢ룬ЩɱԷĻ˿ķ֮ת۾ͱɱľ⡣
һЩŻߵǰ
֣ұΪУκȴУҪɱ֮졭
粢ûмɱ𣬷ὫԼĳһָϣ档
ŹңҿԷľ㣡ԺҲΪУܵٽڻǷˡ
ƽʱٸ߰˵ҲվǱ߻ӵܶѣвܹЩþɳһ㵭Ȼ֮
ҪʲôҶ㣬ֻҪԸŹң
û˿ĲȻԹԵʰеĶ
Ҿƣޡ㿴㶼ŵġ
ͫȻ˷ͼ͸һ˿־֮ɫץŽҪȴѾ᲻˿ˡ
Ȼôյôһţ͵¸ĺˣֿסĲӣȡ¾ƺҾȫС
Ķᣬ·һƷһ΢Ц
๾࣡
Ǻ˵Ǿֽ֣Ųϵڣȴ޷˿ĸı䡣
ִĻһŰ㿴αĶྫǲʣǷ嶼ΩΩФȻ棬ҲֻǼٵġǣ
Ĳϴһ̧ۣͷһͷϵ֦ץסȻԾְ޵һιҵ֦ϣ
һ˲䣬ԭĻȻסĲӣϢʹʱĶŷ磬ǳޡ
̾Ϣһ绺ӵ˵ϣƽĿڿ
֣Ҿƣޡ㿴һжˣ
ʱ棡ĮȻذһɱʬУ˵ģǱ
̧ͷһ֮⣬ȻԼؿһƣһѪɫ˲԰ŵ˵ϡ
ǹһĨɫڿж绺ӿ³һ仰
֣һ·ߺã


ڶ ڶʮ 겻ţ
С㣬ߣ
Ժ䣬ƺСѾͷֻȴҲû۾ˡ
һսû̫գȻʵϣȴǺľÿһÿһγֶоεݣλ۷ǿߣֻҪһʧڵϵʬ壬ͻỻɷˡ
һУΪ˽ԼժԼһƣټ֮󣬶Ҳܵһʴķ۵Ӱ죬ܹŵоųʧȥʶѾķܹﵽļˡ

ɽۣ֮ƣһջʡ
һľһΣһŲɣһһλˣһꡣ
СӣһԸʲô
Ը°ͣգ۾кȲľƣԲ⣬ˡ㲻㣿
ž
־ͷһ£˷Ű˵ûϢȥҪ˵ͽܡ
ðɣҪţƵˣ
ͷҡͷ
ιͷ˵ôţƵˣ΢Цҡͷ̧ۿߵĺգɵй׸
㣡
Ϊʲô
һӣʮҲòֽôˣҲţô
ͷԴʡ
Ȩ£һ仰ʬǳɽѪɺӣ
㣡
ŻǧţǵĲӣ
㣡
֪ˣͷһ޵У˭ˬֱӰˡˣһ㲻Ͼˣӡ
Ҳǣ˵ЩȻȴԲţƵˡҡͷ
ʲôţƵˣ
㣡һۣ̾Ϣ
ң겻ŵ׷ʡ
㣡̾Ϣǧ겻ţţƵˣ˳Цҷɽ̵޷


Ź֦ʬ壬𽿤֮ǰһȫǺϡ
Ϊ𽿤ߵ׸֣ϵжһûгκβ
ʬҼˣȫ۷ĸ֣ҿ¶ɱ֡룬Ĳһ˱ྡڽˣ
˵ЩˣǱնɱģ𽿤һ˿֮ɫЩţôܣôʵ
Ϊɫصĵ˵ͷϴӷһֻɵƿʴķۣɫζܹʴڶʱʵ֮£ѷüѣϾҲŪĵ
һ£ϼ˵ҸոעΧɢʴķۣЩɱֶʴķ۵ĶսܱӺ˻ɱ
ʴķۣСѾͷʱ̲ס˳
С֪࣬ʲôֵĿСѾͷ𽿤ʵ
ԥһ£СѾͷſڵС㣬ʴķۿǷԼõġ
⻰Ǻ𽿤ҲЩţôܣʴķüѣҩĴңҲܹõġ
Ҳҿ϶ֻǡС㣬㻹ǵã֮ǰ֮ʱǴ̫ҽԺϴôʱϴҩ֮󣬷Ҹ˼ζҩĵģ˵ЧáȻȻָٶҪ̫ҽԺϴ˵ĸء
Щô粻ң
˼ҿҩȷʵЧûгʲô⣬òС£ûиССѾͷί˵
˵ʴķ۵пǷõˡ˵ͷ̫ҽԺϴ򣬸ҩѧңܹĶǵҩǵܹ֮쵽ġ
벻ССͣʵʫϵĲŻǾˣҩѧҲ裡츳Żǰ̾Ϣһ̲ס֮̾£ʴķۣ·ҲһֶΣϷҲò
΢˵ͷ𽿤Ц֪𽣸λΣ
˵գ΢΢һͣ׷ʵ
Ȼ˭ҡҡͷ𽿤Цʮ̤죬ʮ걧⣬̤ףǾǰҲ޲ڣЩΪӣųư겻Ű
Цһεӷ̫࣬ˡֱԣҪԺĳɾֻͣǲһλġ
Ҳɡ̾Ϣһ𽿤΢΢ҡͷȴǲٶԡ
ʵϣЩβ֪˵һϧţϲЩīͣȴҲף磬չҪʵ˵ģĲЩĶѡ
Ĳ˵Ƿ磬ûʵֻܹ׺ʫܵõңӵôø࿴ô
΢΢Щң𽿤ҲЩԼˡ
ֻǡΪʲôԼƫƫһֽƫִĴΪδػ겻Ųأ


ڶ ڶʮ 

ͷ΢΢ɢĶվСˣÿץһѵͭǮһͬʱ˦ꡣ

ʯ֮䣬˼嶯ֻһŽ趯գ֮䣬ЩɢҵͭǮȻѾȫ֮ϡ

һ죬΢΢һͬˮգ֮䣬ϵͭǮնΪأžžɢһء
ϲүһʽˡ
ʵͬʱߴЦŴ˹
ͽζѡҡҡͷ국Ӻô
үǫˣ̶̰ʱ䣬컨꽣Ǹ֪ҲҪЦˡӺЦҡͷӺһֻͣ·Ҫʼˡ
ְϵ䣬겢𻰣ֻ΢ЦŵӺ˵⡣
С곤ӺȻӣЦү˵ô
ʮɱһˣǧﲻеķô΢˵ͷ
׷Ϊһһ˲
ɹȻһЦҡͷЩǡ
ûаǿ֮⣬ʵѹûаЩһ͸˹֮еĽȻǱ׷⣬Ҳ˿Ĳ
үΣЩСˡЦЦӺӿڵʵԶ㣬ֶļƣ˶ϲСǰһսʵնλ۷ɱ֣Ѵˡ
Ŷնλ۷ôǵЩ˼ϧˣ̤ףҵּȤüͷ΢΢һȻǲΪ
Цһ£ӺεûȤôλأ
⻰һжʱ͸һĨ⣬һɿֲĽȻڱӺ֪˭ˣ
вֻһЩŻѣڷʫ䣬Ҳм͡ȴȻͬˡ
ӵһ֮Ѿע⵽ˣϸã֣ܹ׵նɱȴδһ㣬˾ľɱˣʵսҲмѹҲ׵ʵǱҲ˵ʮİӦˡ
˭Ҳ֪ܹǺɱйϵЦҡҡͷӺɫһ飬нɱ˼ȻƣǾǳ֣˱ǡ
⣬ЩӺ˼ˡ
˼ǣҲĶһˣ꣬ӺһαѴµܴӱȻܵõ̤˵ߵС
Ƥ΢΢һ겢δ𣬾
ؽվΪ˳үϲ㣬ڸУڿԳʦΪҽˡ΢Цſ꣬Ӻڵ
ʱǹһĨЦ⣬жʱ͸һ˵ľâƽڡ

ɱ˱ϾСȥǲЩűĸ첲𽿤˵
þûмŮֿɰˣȴǲЦ򣬿Ҳûڶ˸Լ˵ˡ
źԴҡͷǿ֮·ע꣬ܳɳǶʵʵĶڼܳΪǿߣǿҲֵ̫Ǯ˰ɣ
Щ᲻ֻ뵽ɱ˵ĿֲȴδЩģҲҪȥ
֣Цȥʲô֣
˵ģҪΪǿ߾Ҫ꣬ҲҪΪǿߡ죬ɴˣ
ãǵĺ𽲻ҪΪǿߡźԴҡͷиڣǵС𽣬ֻҪֵĳͺãʲôѣȻиΪڵ
һ˵ļΪᶨ֮гӴţһµİ
ҪȴأΪϣܹ˺㣡ֻұŮ˶ѣ
ۿ΢΢һ죬Դؿڣů

ӣһҪȥô۾Ŀŷ磬СѾͷʵ
Цһ£еȻܴοĥʵİ취ûɱˣҲҪطĥԼġ
ǣ̫ΣˡСѾͷĵļȰ˵ϻˣԺһȥɡ
ˣС࣬û£ӿһůİɣĺܣµġ
ĬĬŷ磬СѾͷеǾ仰ڻû˵
˵ʲôǿߣʲôʵҪֻ뾲ڷߣ򵥵
лԼһΣǷʵҪô죬ֻǳʶʱǸɵɵ˵Լܹһİɣ
ڡȴעҪԽԽԶԼվֻһСѾͷѡ


ڶ ʮ ŵĳͷ
ƼûУĿɶ˲õ꿡尡˵ƸĴѾ۷ʵ˰
ǻ˵ϿˣֻҪеʵģ˭᲻
ϧȥʸû
Ȼʸ˺٣ǣֵǿɾͶȥˡһȥΧɱˣ͵ʸҲ죬ʵǴӵܣҲûʸ롣
ңһ˭ʹӻһ͵ظɱ
˼ȷȻǾҪеӣЩĹ幫ӸһûеǲһҲˣɴֱӱƴ屳ˡ
źһϮȻһĴ磬彣żʯǼֵƵġװƷ
ֵǣ仹һƺ«ҲŴľƴӡ
Ǽƣȥμģȥ̤ġ
ҿǻ˭Ҳ̫ɧ˰ɣ
٣λɾˣ׷ģһһˡ֪˶ʱٺٵЦǲм
ˣɶô
վȺм˫ָڱͻȻʵ
شˣֻнĴ˻ûˡԵһش
ӵǴǱ㲻ˣһ겻͵üͷλȻѾˣұ󽻴һΡ
߻û˵꣬ʱԶЦ
ҽĴ˻û˭ĵ˵ˣ
ˣ
һ˲䣬ΧȺʱо·дȻҵԴһͷζɫʱ԰ڳЩʵǣ⧲֮£Ҳкüɫѿ֮
ת֮䣬˵Ȼǰ͸һ˿ɫǼڽ
ûôĮȻ꣬국ڵܺã˵һΣ㣬ȡʸˡ
ž
Ļո£ֻžһһɴĶֱȵϡ
ʲôҲָֻţ
һ˲䣬ȫһƬţ˶Щɵˣ⽣ĴҲ̫˰ɣǱɳʹߣȻ˵ʹ򣬰ӶһǷ˰ɣ
쵰˸Ұ£ȻһƣҲʱЩɵˣ߷֮£һ洫һͳ˹ȥ
˭ң
͸һĨɭȻɱȻƣһѱȭͷץסƸǰɣ΢еᣬҽӣҲûʲôҲǰҷ͡
ҪѪˣҷ֮Ƹʲôϵ
ޣǱߥʮɸô
˵֮䣬ȻһֻÿһֹǱ㱻飬һֱ̧߷˳ȥ
ͽ
˵֮䣬ΧҲͬʱ֣ȴȫû˿ֱ֣Ҫն뵶¡

ͬʱʮλʵȴüͷûգһ£һȻʣһŽ⡣
Ӧʱ䶼ûУһ˲ʮ߽ͬʱ׼ĵ㵽ʮ֮ϣһصı
ƸеӱߵͣʹֶΣӶô곤һ̤ؿڣȻڡ
Ǻˣ
ôűôãҸᣬסˣգһ˿м֮ɫսһֱӾͽ߷˳ȥ
عյ߻ɨŵָӣֱ˭
⻰һ¶ʱըˣҲ̫˰ɣҪ֪ʸˣɶ꿡壬˭ϸʾ£
֣Ҳ̫Ե˰ɣʱվ˳Ƹδ˵ֱҪָȨ֣ĪΪ㽣޵ô
Сôɨһۣյͳ죬ô㰤ˣҴ˳ô
գ̫ĳЦȴǲƸĵɫв
ž
һɴĶ⣬ƸʵȻҲȫֵܲһǶ⣡
һ˲䣬ȫһƬȻ
λʲôʵ־ܸǿһƣĪǡǿߣǣһŶ󰡣ӣҲǶʮӣôܣ
ǹһĨЦ⣬Ĵȡ¾ƺ«һڣȻɫ
׵ǿôһεЩ˼˰
һף٣һ￴ҪǾˡ
ô뷽粻֪ǣپͷ籾ԣǾûκġ
ԭЩͷʹһ·ϣЩԱû¸ɵǻԼ鷳ںãôһԼֵǲô
̿ͣӦڰ
ڷͣƬ̣Żɨ
û˵˼ЦŽϵƳͷŶף
ڣ˭


ڶ ʮһ ˣֹһ
һ·Ц
ΪֻҪһոոյĻͻһĳӰһǹߵԴȻǹϣʣҵĻ˵ˣ˭޳ɣ˭ԣ
װBװֵزԵ˲Ű
˵һնɱλ۷壿뷽粢ߣʵ
ã׼ʴķۡʼ磬ЦŻ˻еľƺҪ𣿡
Щ˼ϣվȻĽӹľƺ«ͷһڣʫܺá
ƺ«ӻ磬տŷ磬˵ûʲôûѧ
Ц̯̯֣ҲһܹѾˣʲôģʵ̫ңԶˡ
һ£翪ĵ˵ҲһнˣݣϴҸһȥ˵ʱڸҵġ
΢΢һͣջ򷽴۾Ҹһᣬ׷ңҿԸһҪԴұ֤κһҵĺӵܲ
⣬ͻȻĬãŻ˵뽣󣿡
ǣյȻҡͷûйϵֻһ˵׷ߣӴ֮ҪΪ
ҪΪ
⻰յ˵Ȼ˵Ӧ·𲻵裬ҫһ㡣
ĿգͻȻЦЦĺܲã̫ͬ
үŪˡ磬ˣֹһ
ץƺǴһ˿ͷһڣȴ¶ûˡ
ҸоðѵЩνţ۾˾ֻūŵôȻҲ˵ֱ׳
ͷ⻰һƾܰȻҪɽĵΪͷĹֻҪͷֻҪһ룬޿⣡
͸һĨ⣬ռߣӵнǿߣڱлǣУ϶ѡǿ㻹мǱΪ˭ʸҵ׷ߣ
ǲǸллʶһ˿⣬絭
Ϊһ̵ѡڵģպ󣬾ǰҲ㡣ư̧ͷ򷽴磬
ԷȴǶʱˣһﻹ治һ2Bðɣţ㡣
һ˦ޣԶԶ˦յɫ˼֡
һγǴ˼һֱǸߵ£ǵһչֵ쾡¡
Ȼнʸ񣬰겻ţȻǽҲѾ̳
ʮҪõʲôûʧܹ
ǣڸոգͻȻѪҪշΪ׷ߣʵ˵ڵʱЩڣûϸĹ۲һ·ʵǣ˭뵽磬Ȼ˸ɴľܾԼ
٣ĪǻΪʲôһһô
ЦһεܿʵĲˡ
ڵʱ򣬲ǸʱԼǾԲٶ˿ˣЩᣬˣһӡ
٣ǼһڷǳԱ˰
һ·ߣȻ۾ģȻԭڷҲûʲôøУļһҶճԱȴּɵġ
أܹɱɱ磬Ϊ޵أ
Ҳô˵ΧɱˣҲûôףקôǰˡ
ԼקҪбһ˰ɱˣҲ
Щ竹Ӹһ˵ģ˵ʱȫûѹ˼Ҫ
Ȼ⻰Ȼһ֣ҲüңҼȻŻȻаա
ҷ⣬˭ҸǿʱָܰȨóǵָӣڣң˭ӣ
һ˵ݣʱ˶ѹȥ
ûһ˵㣬Ǽܲס˼ʵǿ׸ְڳǿҲ۷壡Ƹλ˿˭ǹײ
󣬷΢΢ҡҡͷǹһ˿Ц⣬ҲˣԹԵĺȾƣ·һжûκιϵһ㡣
ţˣһ˼˵֮ϣΪ˴ȫһúĥһĥӣֻվѳɴ
һ̣ͻȻޱȻͷ
ǧһ̣ȴͬˮһ㣬Ȼζ
һ˿ɫ̲ס彣ָ۶߸裡
ɽһ̣ˮһ̣ܹУҹǧʵơ
һѩһβɣ԰޴


ڶ ʮ һɢɳ
£ʵ̫ˣĿŲ׾͸Ҵȥʹߣ̤ף϶ˣΪط
£ͬһССĴʹߣûбµĻȨὣ˵ĲȨԳⲻƸ뽣֮ѣȻԵ˵㣬Ҳԭ
¡
ۿһһĴվǵļ֮ɫȴԽԽŨԼѾһ˿ɫ
Ҳᣬǿ˱ָӣѵҲһ仰ôǱģʲôʸָȨǳ£еô
Բӣұ䣬ʵϣ˵УʵǿΪͳֱָҲûеǸ̥ǿӹָȨ˲ܰѴһ
ЦΪʲôˣšһҿǼŭЧİɡ
ڳݣڲͷˣһ˵۶ʱȻֹ
޴ĮȻĿ⻺ɨȴѹĸ˽ͣһ˦ֱ֣ӴӺ뿪һȫˡ
ºαǹǿھһ£ǲ鷳
ű뿪ߵڵ
ʲôֻ˸Ŀǳûһܿؼڣֱһһ겻ţȻǵҲ޲ڣЩΪӡ˵ˣֻһֻ֪δҲ̫𽣸λˡ
˵

ȻװġɹȻһЦֽ˴˳ȥӺ΢΢ҡͷնһֿģȻƽմǫͣ˵䲻ģֱǽôһյĹ򣬾ͱһ֪çѵ𣿡
ǶĶûУҷİѽ󽻸ҡҡͷ̾Ϣֻǣģֻ¶Ժķչûкô
Цһ£Ӻָָ죬Ҳ֪ǣұ֤һλɲôƭġ

˷ֳҹ
ҹɫ٣һƬյأ˼׵񰲶յڣȴȫĿǡ
ҹôȫǶ쾳磬ҪҹյĻŸո£Ͷʱ˲˳
ɨһۣȻ͸һɱڡ
ô㻹ɱң̬ȶʱˣôţһ˼ҪɱôţƣѵҰЩȫɱô
ôһ˵ʱ͵õ˵ĸͣһʱ䣬߰˸վնţһԲϾͿļơ
Щ˿ɲͨ죬󱳾ǲƽʱʵǿССʰһûʲôǣҰЩȫɱˣȻǽҲԱס
һ˲䣬յɫʱ࣬ɱӣֻȴվûҶ֡
죬͸д󣬺ߣûҹǰɣãұſûʱ
һ˦֣ȴֱתԼ
УΪ˭װBүͲˣôţ
ǣǣ
˵ۣ粻ɹȻһЦҲ˵ڵһžƺ«Ŀ
ʵͲҪҹˣֱЦ
ھͨɱɱ˵ȻȫעҹδܹסοôֵߺȲҹˡ
ɱ˵˲͵Ϯһ֪Ҫ¶پʬˡϧֿʵ̫СˣôƺƴΧɱˣ˼ûõϢǲ֡
˵Щ˱һɢɳָΧɱˣ²ǸЦѡ
ɱ˵ˣǼģȻԼﲻʲôȴҲվǰ׳գɱ¾ֿܹġ
Ǹ뷨ҪԾǿƵ̬ȽЩšһȻָɱ˿⡣
ϧЩ˵ʵ̫У׵ʵҲЩ˾ۼһγЧս
ڲУ
ȳԸĻǱ˵мֻˡ
ҡҡͷȴЩ˵Щ˵Ͳطϡ
Ǹգ׵ʵǰ棬԰Լٻ
ڲɱˣ粢ûʲôȤǱ߽Ҳں÷Ķģɱ˿ܴڵһЩأ˵һЩֲĽ
Ҫģǻˮˡ


ڶ ʮ Ӱɱ֣
Ӱơ
ѾϨ𣬷Ȼڵϣһûһڵĺžƣ·Χһжûκιϵһ㡣
ץŵľƺ«ͻȻ΢΢һͣ𣬲һԣֻǾĶžƺ«Ⱦơ
һ竹ӸǣѾ˯ˣ֮ͬǰ˵һûһҹġ
ĺҹŷͷȾƵĿ϶ȻΧͶӰ֮УϢʼնûз졣
ͫ΢΢һвԾĶ˼֮ɫ
ǼģӰٶȻ죬ȴҲĸ֪һӰӣȴͷ·ƾʧһ㣬Ƿ羹ȻҲȫ˿쳣ˡ
αװһ㷽缸˲Ѿжϡ
籾ӾƭĴʦκαװڷǰֻǸЦѡƫƫԷȻôӰӵС
͸һĨɱǿסҪֵĳ嶯۽΢΢һбɫĿڵ
ۣ
ܹѪȾİɱֶΣνֲ쾳ĸ֣Ȼֱûܷ˿ǷԳ֣ʿҲ̶ֳˡ
Ȼֲǣɱ־Ȼһγ֮ࡣ
һɱҲıŭˣ񾡳
ϴΧɱԼ߸۷֣ҲԶԶ޷⼸Ӱɱֱġ
䣡
ͻȻ֮䣬ڵȻһӰȻɳȥǱ䵽ϣ͵شһɿһӰ֮УʧӰ١

һһֳ֣ȻһţͬͿշӵĴһһֲĽâն¡
ۣ
һն٣յĽ׼ޱȵ䵽ӰϣһĨѪɫɽ֮ϡֻǼˣһȻҲûնɱԷԷӶûһǺӰͬԱߵӰ֮С
ãɱ֣
ֱ˿̣Щ竹ŷӦ˹һҴææץСԾ
ת۵Ĺ򣬾ȻѾĸ͵Ϯ֮С
͸һ˿ɱ⣬նʱЦһߺȲҹôô˵ˣ

ϻˣȰ˽˵ǱЩӰӴ̿ˣ໥յһ𣬽ŵĴܡ
һҲ˲ٴǣһ֮ԾһӰ֮Уֲɨ
飡
ͬʱһĺɫȻ͸δκ죬ȴ˼£Ҳ굽˼£

ò˵յķӦվԶǿܹģûǰ֣Ȼ˲䣬ȴҲͬɿķӦ˹һֱֽıܡ
̧סԷĹնʱٲԷκλᣬʵȻǣ˲佫ԷС
ǻҪϷʲôʱ򣿡֮Уܳ˺ǳ⡣
ֱ˿Щ˲Ӧ˹ͬʱΧӰնȥ
ȻûжϳԷڵλãǺô֣âΧԹǻġ

ҡҡͷ΢΢һһնԱߵһݿٵһ
ಣ
һɫĽͬĶֱ˷ʺ
ƣ
ӿ³һ֣Ľ·۾һ㣬׼ĵ㵽˶ԷĽ֮ϣ
ɲЩͨǿߣȻûֱ̬ʵ˵жȴҲȲϵġ
ν̿ͣڰеߣ۶ԷʲôֶΣ򵥵ķʽ⡣
۹ǺεȶһʱͷֱԷֹӰйصġ仰˵ھԿտĵطûӰĴڣôԷֹȻΪߡ
Ӱɱ֣ûӰӣҲ㲻κвˡ
飡
ʧȥӰӰɱ˲ͱ罣ܵĻᶼûС
⻹ǷûгȫĽĻոһͲǵ㵽ԷĽϣֱӴ̴ʺˡ
۽ɨһ۱ڵļɹˣ̲סѵٵܹӰĶԷҲʵûôѶԸġ
ôҲδذɣ
绰µ˲䣬һӰȻԶϮεɱȻӿѹķ綼ԼЩԺ
һ̣Ȼһ˿ףһΣȻӿͷ
һ˲䣬ͻȻȻʶһص⡣
һӰǸ޷رܵġԼӰӣ
Ӱɱ֣λӰɱְɣ


ڶ ʮ ɱ
ݣ
һ˿âľȻסԷһӰӣâ
ƽؾףνݣʵʾȡֲıٶȶӷõнʱ򣬾Ѿ
һϳãȴʼΪֽ̫ĵ꣬δо衣Ƿ磬Щӵһе

ѤĽâͬȻ𣬴һ˿ƿն䡣
Ӱڿһ֮Ť䲻ݷ֮ӲƽƳߣܿ˽â
һʧ֣Ҳ룬ӰȻˣյλÿ˹ȥ
ܹ׵ıܿһԷʵ¾һܹ򷢵ģҲͬ׸֡ǿߣɲԼȥӦ
ۣ
һߵӰɱ㱻һնΪ½⣬ֻǽ˶֣ȴȻû˿Ҫ﷽˼
һ˿΢ɲЦ⣬һ㣬ȴԱȷٶȱ˿ȥ
Ǻ⣿
Ƥ΢΢һȻһ˿õԤС
ʵǷһӰɱ֣ԼԸɣȥˡһ˿⣬ȴͷûлأڷܵ
⻰ھҪϷˣˣ˷ոյѣЩǸŻٵӰɱѾû˿֮ˣʲôҪֵġ
ֱһ̣ԼоԼƺЩ̫ˡ
ڷĹֽԸļһڿֲӰɱӦúֽŶԡǣһȴˡ
ԼƵǡ
ʵϣҲݲ÷ٿˣƬ̵Ĺ򣬶ԷѾ˷ӰӵС
ɫĽâ̳ͬڤӰӵ̽ɭȻצ

ὣأտտסһȴǲԾٴαˣǼ򵥵һν棬׸оսһ飬ǼĿ죬źԾ֮һֻһԼҪˡ
ԭضͣ弸ÿһ̶ƶ֮УнСĵָԼӰӡ
ºôĿ취ԼӰҲն˰ɡ
ڷӰУӰɱֵ촫˲һ󷢺ǲˣֻµҪΪӰ˵ˡ
նӰôܣԼӰӣҪҲնǳ¼
䣡
̧һնԼӰӣȴǶʱɿļ
Ķ֣Լȫʵֻ¸ûлܹ¶Էιǣһ¶ʵºڳЩ˿ԶЩ竹Ӹǲʲô쳣ϢһȴƱػ˻ɵġ
ಣ
һӰеݳֲĽâ˲ͻƷķ˲Ϣ䷽彣顣
־
Σ֮£ʱ˿ԥת˲仯ΪһӰɿԶȥ
ϧһд뿪˵ߣѾΨһİ취ˣƴܴҲԲܵЩ˵汩¶ȫʵȻ־ı¶ҲѾ޿ɱˡ
һ̣ȴȻɱǶӰɱ֣Щͬеļһǡ
Ȼô͸һ˿ľâһսһ㣬ԥ׷ȥ
е˼һ쾹ȻܱٶȣҲòˣϧˣٶٿ죬ҲԶ˦ԼӰӡ
һȴ˿ûд˼
ԶֻǷ籾ĿҲ㲻Ҫ˦Ǳܿ˵߶ѡ
ˣΣӰɱȴҲŶԷ֣ҸһᣬĿھҿһ·
־
жʱһЦĪ˵ԼԲᴫԼҪ̣Ҳѧᡣ
ɽľѧһУ־ľѧȫ޷ﴫڣֻԡҲΪˣɽÿһĵӶǼͷĻ˵Ƿɽʢʱڣͽ£ʵϣÿһܹǷӵˣҲʮָ֮

һ̣Ȼ֣վȻ
־ȫʩչ£ȻҲ׷ϣ־ϾʩչȥԶԷ׵ʵֿտĻҰԼǸ˦Էġ
һ̣ڿԿ϶ոǹģһʱ䣬ɱȻڣɭȻڵɱ˺ǸˣҾʹھ
̿ͺڰеݣκ֪ڷ˵κοԼ̿ݵ˶
֮ǵˣҲδزɽ֮ƣ


ڶ ʮ նӰ
㵹Ǵĺ⡣Цһ£Ӱɱֵг⣬ȸҿھȻ
ƾʲô㣿ǹһ˿ЦɱҲô
ƾʲô㣿Ӱɱ˿ΪȻ֪ɱ֣ѵ֪ɱִӲκγŵߣǰҵɵô
̾Ϣһɨһ۲Ͻӽգ˸һʱȴҲδȫö⡣
һȣ
ͷβӰɱֶûͷųϢӰӵУԼ֮бƺԶ쾳硣ֻǣһȴδܹ˵ǿ߰
ת֮䣬Ȼ͸һĨâɭȻڵˣû׵ʵ㣬ֻ۷ѣ
ûԼ˼άˣ
һֱ綼ϰԽսȴˣӵԽսʵģ¿ɲֹԼһˡ
ɱ֣ӵԽնɱʵĴڡ
ֻԼעȫŵ˶ԷܹӰֹϣŻᷴһЩء
ӵ׵ʵԸԼҪһֱӰ֮ô
ףһѡĿͻգԼˡ
һˣɱ
׿⣬Ȼᱩ¶̫ʵֻǻɱһ۷ĻǾǿܹ͹ȥˡ
Կ
ӰɱֵҲʱһɫն򷽴硣
ʵӰɱҲʱٸϻҪԾǿƵѹƱȷͷ
ĪΪҵû취һ˿â΢΢Ц
ڴ̿˵ٹֶΣҲԲ޽⣬˵ǿѡ
һ˲䣬㻺۾
ذĴлУȻһ㺮âɱϯ
һ̣һգ
ֽ֮£ذ״ɱԶȽ¡
Ӱɱ֮Թ죬ΪԷӰӵУӰһ޴ֵĸо
ûĨԼӰӣȴ綼ڰԼھԺڰ֮С
սҪ۾ҪжϣҪģֻǡֱ

ذ׾׼ĵ㵽ԷĽ⣬˲Ϣλ־ļٶȶ̾ڱ˫ӦĻᶼûУźâذױ˳ն¡
ۣ
һѪȫʵϵƶȻһ䣬ͬĶħ˵ֲ
ôܣȻذ׽ֻǴӰɱֵļͷȻһ𺳣ȴԵĵ߸Եġ
ԴӰ޳ɣΪӰɱֻ֮ҪԷӰӣ֮ͬУûܹв
ǣһеţȴһ֮£Ȼ顣
ԭӰ֮еľ԰ȫУ˲ʧӰ٣·֮£ȫΡ
ûʧֵι죬ڸȻʵĴš۾ƽڣһǿȾӰɱ֡
ӰұնӰ
ٸαװҲʵΪãΪ籾ʵġ
ʵϣֹӰɱ֣һ̣׷Ҳͬˣ
Ѿܸ߹ʵһ̵ľҲԶԶԤϡ
ĿսҪεȿֱֲ뷴Ӧ£׵ضҲд󡣸˵緽һ˾׼ֲĻˡ
ҲţƭңʶƵģһ̣ӰɱּѾҪˣʮ˲ã־иͲǳܹġ
ֲڽâأ·Ҫҹһ˺ѡ
һ޷ٶܣΪ죬޷ԼӰӡҲӰɱֲֿĵط
ӰΣƹ֮˦Ҳܲ
ǣһжڷ˵ȴκ⡣
¶Էֻ֣Ҫ֣ǱΡ
ʵϣǶԷ̬ʧ⣬ʤƴķǷ磬ҲڶʱҵӰ֮УȻǿ緽磬Ҳûץ
䣡
еذͬǿյǣһ˿ӰӲӲԷĽâײһ
羢
ʮı˲÷˽ʵɱ䡣
һ飡
û˿ͣذ״ĺâȻ䵽ӰӴ̿͵ϣ˿ܵĻᣬȻһԷץУ
꣡
Ȼһ羢ʮıԷκεֿˡ
˲ɱ
㲻ôġ
̾ϢһŻ۾ۿһӰԼӰ֮䣬ɱʬ塣
֮ڣ޵У
κθڽˣѾһı˱ʬ塣
նӰ


ڶ ʮ Ϲɱ
žž
ƣǹһĨЦ⣬ʣǳʣ
ϷôĮȻع˹İذУ˫ָڱڡ
СˡȻһЦҡͷʱҾע⵽㲻ͬЩ竣һսȻ̾
Ӧøм㣿
΢΢ҡͷȻȻôôΪ֮ǰ³çǸ
һǷһϣȴû˿ԥǹһĨЦ⣬ɱİɣ
ǰһ뻹ڵǸһͻȻʳ⻰κֻ¶ӳֻǣȴǾȻͬġ
Ƥûգһ£絭ڵҿΪô
ܻа취ϵģұ֤Ҳ΢Цҡͷ
͸һĨɱ俴գһԡ
ôɱң΢ЦȻˣףҲһս֮һЩС˰
Ȼ𻰣ֻɱʢ
ģûж⣬ҪҶ֣ҲӦõȵɣɫȻһ䣬ɫҶҪɱˣǰָϵġԣϣܷ˼֣
ɫ΢һЩ漴ҵĿȻҲֻҪĴȻΪѡ
һΪ֣ٹ磬ЦĿ·硣
ž
Ϊģͷβ綼ûһֵķϻĬȻȥ
˵֮ǰ绹Ϊһֻ֪ǣôȴٲ˵κһ仰ˡ
ֿ޺Ľ̸ʵȴǲɱе֣ʼնذףǻΪĵʱҲĬõ֡
źǣʼգ˶û¶˿
صԭأӰɱҲѾЩֽˣһ£ôһϮĽЩǣһξҵĳһʱ䣬˶ԾĳĬ
ŷշأɫ֮
ȡ¾ƺͬʲôûһٴλص֮ǰλ
ɱԽԽĹֻ»ΪƵģھͷɨˣյڵ

֮ǰô˵ȻһƬǾһսȴǲԾĶĬ
˵;ȥȴվûһԸġ
;۷ɾͳ׶ˣȲ˵һڱôӵӡ󡣾ԼһҲȥ
ôûԸôĽȻ֮еģһ˿ɫɭȻȻˣôҲϣκ˶ҵ˵򡭡ҵһ
һ˵ɱȻûаЦ˼
ȻлмֻûǣʱȴûٸķԵˡ

裬㵱Ҫ
̤֮УɭȻڣɱֻϸ۲죬ȴվܿһ˿ӡ
վżʮˣͬһȻŶһϮꡣ
а裬µһ֣ʮǰ̤ףһһĮľǿߡ
ӻͳĲеĽ͸һ˿а֮ɫȻڵ㣬䣡
΢΢һͣȴЩҲ̫Ŀ˰ɣͬףѵұ㲻ɣ
²£ȻԹԵĲеĽɱҲʮˣʱ˽ˡ
ޣϹŴвڣƾҲҵɱ˷һڣɫЦ
Ϲɱɱʮ٣£վǾ˳ɱڣվһЩСѡҲԹԵɱˣǸԳϹɱĴô

ģ
򵥵ļ仰ȴǽеĻ˺ң
Ϲɱ£ɱ£˲սľһȴѾǹȥˡϹɱĶȫʧ٣̶ǿŷһٻϹɱĴС
ɱ֮ϾֻмһؼɢһЩ©֮С
ǣԴ֮ϱ˸ԳϹɱ򴫳ߣƱ⵽ȫ¶ֵΧɱǲŵ֮
Ϲɱַھڴ˵أδ
ǵ⣡̧ͷһۣ農˵˵ﲻǾŴַСһû̫壬ռݵ졣

˶ʱĬûȷֻһǣȴҲվһЩµģϹɱأվǳܹġɱ˵ȴĵӵĹؼڣʧȥ㼸Ƕɱ˵ĸԴ
̾ϢһҡͷΥɱ˵ĴͽȥɣЩϼһҪôߣҪô
£нȻ΢΢ȻδʲôȻһɿֲɱѾС
һһ£


ڶ ʮ ʮﴳأɱ
죬ѾúˡСĵĴյ˵ߣҴУֻнףԲΪǡ
ˣüͷһ漴˵㣬˵Ĺȥˣν¾ҪȥϹɱԵߣǴḷ́˶ˣСȥôҾͲţɱ˾ͱȲ󡣡
죬а費ٳ˰ɣĵǵһµĿڵ
ҹʮ߽죬Ӳ˱ˣǿֲսҲǲһ󷢺
ģаǺεݣСᱻϣĿֻǱǣάƽ⡣ֻҪǲ֣ȻҲᶯ֡
һϣò˵ɱ˵ǿļΪ͸ġ
ȻǱȻĵСݻֻҪȷѶȲǾ޷ɣѾ㹻ˡ

ʮ
ϸĴһΧ΢΢ͷڡ
ո·ɱ˵ܲȻֻж̶ʮˣһ̣жЩ
һεҪʼˣʮ·һеĹؼ
Сģɱ˲׼
䣡
յĻδ£ǰĵͻȻɳʯ䣬âֱȡҪ
ۣ
գ֮䣬˱ɱƵضļɱַ֣ȫǲĴ򷨡
꣡
̽һ˿֮ɫԭһӰ˲Ϣ֮Ϯɱֵʺ˳ֶ˳
Χĳڸǣκζȫƾ豾ս־ȫɴɱ
һεͻϮʵ̫ͻȻˣ˵ˣȻǷȾȻҲȫûܲ˿쳣Ӳ˸ֲ
Ȼ˻Ӱ죬Ƕڷ˵ȴʵڸ㲻ʲô⡣
ȫûκεԥ³־һ⣬㹥̰Ϣ֮䣬Ӳ˳
һ˲䣬ɫʱȻһͻϮȫûвֲƿ֮еĸоȴʵ̫ˡ
Ϊһ̿ͣѾ೤ʱûб͵ϮˣϮɱʱ÷һ˿ס
ԼһֱƺЩ̫СɱˣԼЩ֮⣬ҲǱȻǿߵġ
ΪԣǰһľƺҲȫˣ٣緽ϢǱڵȻһû
Ҫ֪ɲɳĮܹɵĲɳУأңǴ̤ʱҲǽʵʵȫû˿ġ

˲䣬ȻӦ˹ͬԼĽϴǽһ㣬ЩɱģңԼõǸֻĽϴЩɱӵеΪǿ
һ̣ȻѣԼ˽վ̫ˣ˽֮⣬ԼҪѧϰĶкܶࡣ
תһɱ֮ȴԽڴ
ߣ
Ŵдյ͸һĨɭȻɱ򷽴˵ͷɿǰȥ
ɱˣȴѾ֮ˡ
ɱȻǰҪģɲɵߴһ·Ѫƴȥٶȴ롣
ˣһʼ˴ӦЩͨɱֵڻҡ
·̣ѾûбʵıҪˡ
׵ʵյ弸Ϊһ磬˲Ϣ֮䣬Ծ˽ס
£־ǷҲٶȡ
Ȼ־ȫʩչȻն̾ҲԱȲϷٶȣʱ򣬷ȻǲɵĳôǰģֻǱͬٶȷɳۡ
飡
һ·֮ϣȫûаȫĿ϶ϣ£壬ֹͬ£־Ǿɱ
ǻˣֻͲ֪Ѿ˶ٴˣҪǰˡ
Ȼȴͬ۾һٹͻȻϮǡúôɱܿǷΧԵĸԹ־ļǰҲȫʧȥá
˵գӿʼ֮ͬΪһֲĽκιӲ׵ʵӲ޼᲻ݣﲻƣ
겻ţֱһ̣չ¶µһ档
ʵϣ˵ҲѾǴˣͬҲһ̽
⼲ĹԷʵκһֳƵһ棬ԥıԷǷɱ
֮ǰԼǽʵµĻ֮ϵģһòӦʵȻͲֵ߱ʸˡ
ңҲδ㣬ٶڷ˵вֻ֧̬֮Ҫ¶˿ֱӷɱնɱв˵
Ȼȷղµ˶ٶвԷԸǾԲŻصġ
ʮﴳأɱ


ڶ ʮ ọ̃ǧ
һƬõ廨һϪһ˫㡣
ɫ³ȹļСɵ㣬ʫ续գŮӼֱͬʳ˼̻һ㡣
ϪˮߣСŷϪˮƤˮ˫΢΢°ͣʱգһ۾ɰ
䣡
˳ŤһɱֵĲӣڿһŤ䵽õ廨֮⡣
ģȵҵĻ
ͬȻݺԾ⣬ʶľͻķԸ
΢΢̧ۣŮò˲䣬ǷҲ΢΢ЩʧȻһǸϢըŮƵʱҲܼŮӡ
Ҫǣò⣬Ůϻһ˵ϣ䷲һ㡣
ˡǹһ˿Ц⣬ȴͬʱս˳͸һ˿΢ɲľâ
᷽磬СĵĴΧȻû䵽ŮӵϣȴҲʼշֳһ񣬽ĶŶԷ
ʮﴳأһ·嵽ԭΪȻһսȴû뵽ȴһ⾰
ǣô۴Ц⣬Ůһָǰɽʵ
ʵϣҲѣնȻڵһʱע⵽ɽɽ֮һ㵭ѪɫĻĴһ΢СУת
ЩҶԹȤ͸һ˿ζЦ⣬˫ֱǰĿڵ
ᣬ˼ҲҪأ΢΢üŮӿɰСһ޲ɷ
ﲻһ·ΣĬãڻڵ
·⣬ǹȥǣ˼ʲôϵĵһۣŮķʵ
˱Ƚ֣˵·һߵġ纬Ц
ƫᡣ죬Ůֲ˲ϪˮźܲԸĴӻͳһѩ׵ĨȥϣµˮΣü˵ķ
лˡеĽյĸЦĿڵл
˺ûأֶ̧һ¡˷һۣŮӻδ£ֻ΢΢һҲôת֮䣬ʮö

һײ֮𣬷н˸䲻ݷ֮аɵĵ
ᣬ˼㼸仨㲻ҪҲˣôܴءŮӵ¶һ˿ʹϧ֮ɫһȻ٣˲Ϣ֮Ҫ۽
л⣬ֻҲһʵܲ𡣡˵֮䣬гͬʱ߽âϮӲŮӵĽŲͣ
ֱһ̣ոձһѰȻأȻʮƬõ廨ꡣ
òã˼㻨һҪ²ǡһţŮ¶һ˿ɫգ֮䣬ߵõ廨Ȼ֮һǼʮƬ꼤ֱȡҪ
Īǻô΢΢һ࣬һ˲䣬־չת֮䣬ԭȻһӰȴȻŮӵ
䣡
µ˲䣬ҲڶһɾĽȻݿնŮӡ
ᣬŮأôôġƤûգһ£ŮӶ֮䣬ֻʮö·ͬʱϮ򷽴ա
֮ǰĻ겻ͬһϮĿɱ˵İˣ֮䣬еƿ֮硣
潣ߣ˱ͬһֵһ㣬ɵý񿪰ȴǽ󲿷ֹ˹ȥ
ֻǻûһ£ת֮䣬ֻаǵصŮϷ·Ͳĸְһ㡣
ǮڣɵϸţëĽ룬ְͬ컨һ£ٶȣǽǶȣ£˷ʤ
ԷֻһˣȻڷ˵ѹȴԶȷʮﴳظΪֲĶࡣ
һʱ䣬ԶһȻҲӲѹƵû˿֮
֣㻹Ҫ浽ʱһ˿âЩˡ
ʵϣﶼǳǷ绹նδȫȻԷİٶһҲܰѹƵû˿ֵء
ǾҪˡǴһ˿Ц⣬粻Ļش·о˭Ⱥȵеľһ
ߣһн΢΢һ˲һת֮䣬磬ֻһƬϮյİȻ˲Ϣ֮䱻һɨա
컨꽣
ŵʵչֳĶʱǻתϢ֮䣬ȻŮӲס
ѹƣǴݿǿѹ·һ֮Ҫ¶Էһ㡣


ڶ ʮ ͵Ϯս
ֱһ̣Ůӵɫ΢΢һ䡣
컨ַڰһּĿƣοձ׵ʵһһҲ˵аʤοһڲࡣ
ǧ򶾣
͸һ˿ɱŮᷭһתһɫҲ֪οƵģȻ˲Ϣ֮ڿ۳һƣȻ°
ͣ
ɫȻĵճ֮ϣȴǾȻ콣Ҳͬɿĸʴ
ж
ͷŸո𣬻δüջسȴֻǿеĺɫƾȻȻԭɺɫ۶ɵоȻ֪ʱ˽ٸ룬Ʊĳ㼤

Ȼӿ³һ֣֮䣬ҲȫǱһ֮䣬ڳ֮ϵĽȻԱĽǡôӭǽٸ룬˲Ϣʵķ顣
Ȼ΢һڵͬʱȴȻһɾףδɳȻһһΣӿͷ
ܵһ־һ
ˣ
һƿնĳһҵĲֻǲִ֮¸û϶վûܽ飬ֻһƫ˼֡
ۣ
͸룬һжֻǵʯ֮䣬ȵصʱ򣬳Ȼ͸˼򣬱Ƶһ˳
磡бһŭɱͬХڶԶķ
ûһǷ˦ģңʱǽǶȶ۷壬ɴվѾδ֮ʱһЧ
аһϧȻһѺذףȴһԲ
ݼţǷҲ˿ԥץסһ˲Ŀ϶ȻȻȻþȫֻ־֮ȴûϴ羢ġ
ƾʵٶٿ죬͵ϮͻȻҲվġ
̺˴羢֮һոͱֻܲһȻȡˡ
΢һѽĳγɱոһжʵ̫ˣǴ˿̻Ҳð亹ķӦֻҪһ֣˿ҲѾ͸ˡ
λӺֶأȰ˼ɱΣ˿Ůһ˿ɫЦĿ򷽴
˵ˣһҲȫûԤϵӳֵ˿ͬҽ޼Ѱ˹ϵĳ֣˺ֶΣ׵ضҲ˵ĸɴ䡣
ȻˣɱΣ¶һ˿Ц⣬ʼ磬
ѽ˼һŮӣôܴɱɱأȰ˼ҵһʵڲУ˼ٰ㻹ôƤûգһ£Ůһӣգ۾򷽴硣
ǿɲɡЦһ£漴תյգǵ磬ɱټΣ
˵⻰ʱ򣬷һµģһȻӣ·ոһѹһϵûУ֮еĺսһ
ޣ޳ܣ¶һ˿ɫջشŮӱ̲ס
ӣ֣ɱ޳ܵļһΣ
Ųһת۵Ĺ֮侹Ȼ໥ת˸Ȧֻȴ˭ûдӦҪֵ˼
˵һʼŮӶ÷һڣô˿̣ȴҲѾͬһΣյĸ߶ϣû˸˿ӡ
˵֮䣬ȴٴսһֻһΣ˭ֶ˼һˡ
ʵϣԭղǿһֻǱһУսۿۣһʱ䣬ȴǲԾİ˵ʵͬһϡ
ȻжڷȻ޼ȴҲվçʱǸƴȲ˵ܲܵ˳ɱ硣ֵĹ֮У˭ҿ϶ŮӾͲѧҲؼʱһ£
˵ɱ˷磬ԼҲ벻һ۾ͽսʱǰװױŮӣ
˽˼˭κˣԸΪսȻֶξȴվûٸɱƴ
սսûգʵȴÿһ붼ɱ
𿴴ҶһӦӣֻҪ֮κһ¶˱ͬʱԥĳȽնɱȻٷָ
ȻʵۣʵȻһֻǣ־ȴʵ̫ÿΣ̣֮Ľ־ļٱܿԼΣա
ŮӸǰڸƴƣһգۣһһͷһ񶼿ܻĪĵطɳİв̾ȡ


ڶ ʮ ̤Ϲɱ
岻ȥģط˶ɱ֣ǵ˽һˣһ·Ҫô죿
һصʬ壬Щӵڲòʱͣ˽Ų
ôˣǼһͷ绹ûϢǲǳȥˣ
ܣһ·жΣգѵûôͣҲôȥ
ǣ˲һ룬ƸѴ뻹ǿѹҿ˵ˡ
ôһ˵ǻò˵ͬıˣԼҲ㲻ϣ
ʵϣ⻰һ˵ҲζţЩ˼Ѿʧȥ˼
ĽȻˣҲȻģûˣҪã

ôȥҲǸ£Ƚȥ˵Ƴһ۲Զɽ΢Ц
˶˼֮һʼձ˸ֲ⣬һʱ䣬ȴ˭Ҳκε˭
һȻ㶯˱˼ιɲΪ˸ǴİɣȻʱڲнȻԸ˷ʱ䡣
Ȼʹ޷磬ǲò˵˵ӵкܴջġһΪô°ֻ꣬ҪصԽҪɱһ绹ף
⣬ŮӵɫȴǲȻһ䣬漴ЦôλҪˣɲǲرͨϹɱڡ
˵ʲô⻰һյɫʱʱͱˣΪˣȻ֪Ϲɱġ˵Ϲɱʢ֮ʱȻǵ˼ҲòûκܴϹɱıɱ
ȴǲ֪Щŵġ
ʵϣ֪Ҳ⣬Ƕ̿ͣЩͬеǰ綥ҲǱһ˿ڣȴôҲ̸η塣
ֲԸôСܣɾһˣ
Ǵһ˿Ц⣬Ȼһ㣬־ȫʩչȴת֮䣬һӰͬӰŶȥ
ͷ˵̿Ϳû˫Ĺȴû˫һУƮȻԶݲǴ̿ͣҪǴ򲻹˼ңܶܲǾǳͷβı硣
ߣ
˲䣬ŮҲͬų˽ȥһǣһȫ
ΣᲢ棬⻰ƺѾ˵ˡ
ϹɱȻΣգ̺ĻҲȻΪջ󣬷ĻҲ˵ˡһʵӣһ˼ձͨйؼ
ŮӣΪɱ˵ӣȻ͸еĹϵˡ
ʵϣӰɱ֣֮ǰڴ·ϵɱָֹǹİַʵԴƬϹɱĴС
ң⻹Զȫɱ˵ľ飬ÿһ˽Ϲɱܹ֮õĴжͬԽ츳ɫܹлõĺôԽࡣ
ȻӦģΣվ͸ЩɱȻиֵֻ£еҲ

˴룿Ϣɱɫʱ˵Ǹ֮⣬˶ûʲôвô
죬Ǹ⣡亹Ӷͷɱæ͵һ˽з磬ʵҲ֪ôģǵӲס
죿ҲңɫĿ£ɭȻѩǱϢô
ûУҡҡͷɱοģѩ˰ӰʹĴУһְ뻯ʵȻǻ뿪ġ
ᵽѩɫ΢ÿһЩԸҪȵ̫ЩһʶȤٴأͲҪϾɱ
Щɱ˹Ȼʹ죬ǸϾɱȴڴŪһûȫвμӵ˶ˡǲɱ۹ô
ðɣЩɱ˱ûʲôϵǲһһǵ˱ɱ֣˲˵һ裬ѾԽЩףؽ׵ļһɱˡ
ʱ򣬿ɾͲֻǱ뿪ôˡ
ǣ죬ͷԸȥЩһͨ˵͸ұ֪
˵ˣʵһһӵĶԾɱ˵еϣͶѾȫеѩˡ
̾Ϣһ컺̧ͷԶߴϹɱַѩʣܹȫ߱㣬˵лļ̳аӰʹĴУΪһİӰʹǸʱɱ˲лõǼϹɱĴмϿɰ
̫ˣЩɱҲһЦѣҲ֪һûлᣬɱִĲˡ
ɹȻһЦͳҲ˵΢΢۾


ڶ ʮһ ɱ
ɱɱɱɱɱɱɱ
һ̤߸Ѫɫɱ֣͸һѪȷɱѪ죬ͬʬɽѪһ㡣
һ˲䣬оԼ·ӹŹתһȦһɫ˲Ĳ԰ףٵͬոսһΡ
ֱźȻ֣߸ɱ֣ʵǿɽϵֶѣµţЩģˡ
𺳣ǷҲһС֮УһӦ˵绹ǵڶμ̺˿̵ֲ֡
һ˲䣬·ֻص˵ճɽʱ

һ̣˵ɫȴ͸ż֮ɫһԲĴɽ
ͷôصģⷽɽʲôطûȥģĶ
СӣЩ߰˼һҿϸˣ档һ̣Դһǣ΢΢ҡͷ
ļٵģʲôôţƣ˶꣬ҲмصʱȴԽĺ
һ֣
һ֣ʱĿɿڴͷˣҰɣһʲôÿģòˣҪƭɽǮưɣ
룡
һ֣һݺԴһǣȴֶĽˡ
˵֮䣬һָǰɽ̾Ϣ٣㿴컯ˡ
ЩΪȻָķȥ
һ˲䣬·ʯһ㣬Ҳ޷ƿһ֡
ֻǰʯ֮ϣ򵥵Ŀһ֡
һվ죬ҹ磬ôվԭأĿһ֮ĵ֡
ʱѾˣһƬҲڣУֻһƬĺɣ¶·ʲôַ·ʱ޷ţ˼ά޷ת
նô
Ҳ֪˶ãͻȻԼһʶ˻

ʶ壬ɫʱĲҰףһ˳ǿվ˽ŲͷϾ亹
˵мȻִżź̾Ϣʵھ㿴Ȼ̫ˣӡǷɼܳиȴվ԰Σϧϧ
ͷֵʲôµĿˣ̲סѯʵ
ҷɽʦ飡
ɽʦһ˲䣬ʱɵˣѵλ棿
߰ɣԳɽˡ˰֣̾Ϣ
ȵȡͷһٿЩʵ˵ıӰ
ûõģȵһ̤ڶؾ磬ɡ΢΢ҡͷͷҲصһɽȥֻһ̵صþɽص

һṪʯһչ־Ȼǰȥ
⾳ϿɱʯȻԶ뵱ںɽһȣǣܹ˿ֲҲ֮ͬԶǷܹˡ
һʱ䣬Ϲɱȴƽ˼־ηΣܹ˿µӡȻǾǿߣò
Ȼ֪ոһɱǱֻ֪·ǵþ
򵥵ʯǴϹɱ֮һ¾飬Ϊɱ
¾ԣһѧһɱУ֮⣬̱Ϊӡ
ϹɱҲ֪꿡ǰȴվһֱʧϹɱ飬Ҳܹ
仰˵ƾոƬ̵ĸϹɱδ֮ʱ԰һţֱӱ¾Ϊˡ
Ҫ֪ʵǱҲʸ¾氡
Ȼʵϣܹɱе̶̣ܴǾΪһִĸ
лᣬڷ뿪֮ŮҲ̤ͬϹɱ򣬵ɱǰֻ˭Ҳûע⵽۵ɱһӶ
Ϲɱ˵Ҳ׷ˣ˲ĬķɢѰһԵ
ϹɱԶǳܹ󣬼ѾŮӣҲԸеĻᣡҪ֪ÿһ̤Ϲɱ򶼿ܻ벻ջ񣬵ȻΣȻҲС
Ȼ;ϣлȻҲûԸŹġ
Ҫǣ˲֪Ůȴ֪Ϲɱ򣬿ɲ˵˵߾ߵĵطÿν룬ΪޣʱҪ뿪Ҫ׼ʱһɱԣֻҪɱ֮ǰȻܹסˡ
ûջҲñ˶֣һɱ󣬾ԽֱĨɱˣ


ڶ ʮ ɱ
û֮еɭǲ֪ˣ¸ʶʲô
ֻ̤֮ǿߣԼΧĻиоһɱ֮⣬ɱ⣬˭ͷţһַ·بűеϢѾÿһأÿһڿ֮С
бڲлɼǴս֮ƻɴң뵱ǿֲһսȴĳ
ߵĲ죬ʵϣԴ̤һƬɫ֮ÿһ綼ߵļΪСģһֱ֮ʲôεѰʾЧĶࡣ
ɱ
ͻȻ֮䣬з·Ȼһըװ˻
һ֮䣬Ʊã
ΧһжȻױѪɫȾ죬УϣÿһܹĵطʬѪеĲƴɱ˻ĵġɱ
ḩָһ㰵ɫüͷָƾΪĩָɢ䡣
ֲɱʵʣѹ˵񾭣վԭأһ
ƶֲֻɱ֮УͲƶ
һֻֽ֪Ҫǰ̤һĹһܱ
ΧʲôûУֻʬ̵ѪɫǷȴޱԼֱжڴ̿˵ûʲôȱֱֵεĶˡ
Ĭãڻ۾
һ˲䣬ʱһ㣬Χһзٵˣ·գ֮һжصһս֮ǰ˷ƴɱ
Ĵÿ˵ĹУоǹĹֶΣԷֱһ˵ɱԤÿһ˵ÿһѪʡ
ʱһ̷·ѾҪˣҲûֱ浽׹ȥ˶ãΨһܹ֪ıǣһսȾ죡
ʬҰѪɺӣ

һĺЩңڵϣɫ԰׵Щ̬εĺͬ䵽档
ʶ»ع飬ȴоԼ·ĸովһսһ㣬˶Ҫˡ
ϸһ˿ƬΣвһ˿ɣĿԽԽ
Ҳ֪˶ãٴָ̧һĨ콣Ȼָ͸ɿڿдһɱ֣
ɱ
ӿ³һ֣콣۵һɱ֣·˲㱻ԣ͸һɹӶصϢ
һ
ɱֵĳͣڻ̤һ
һ֮䣬Χһз·㶼˹һ㣬ֲ˺ŷ壬·ҪӲקһĴսһ㡣
ܹܵģǷҲ޷
ǣ˲䣬ǰ콣۶ɵɱ֣ȴͻȻȻ
һ˲䣬·һϹŵŭȻը𣬽Χһжķ飬һ˿ۼ
ǰþ˲վǣϡԼոһĽӡ
͸һ˿âȻ͸һɱָΪ˲ͬʱһ
ÿһ֮䣬һɱ֣һǽ
죬ɱ飡
ĿǰĵϲһѪɫĳѪ貣Լ͸һĨѤĹ
ڵλþһѪɫ
ʵϣϸոĲʵһʼѪɫ׼׼߲֮ң
һ̣ʵȻ
߲֮ңɱ
ÿһ̤ӦһǽֻҪһϽ࣬³
ٴα۾֮ո̤֮ʱһɱ·ٴθԺ֮С
߸ɱԾȻǰÿһ·𶼻ΪһнûУȴܹ߸ɱ֮Уһֽ⣬һһǰɱ¾ޱߵĺϣ
ָΪֳ⣡
ģͨһɱ֣еĽһɱ֣ȻǰС
ת֮䣬ҲȻ̤ɱ飬۵һ˲䣬ΧһжȻֻʣǰһѲڵѪɫ
΢һ£Ż̧֣סѪɫһ԰˳

һȻһ̣һɿֲĽڳͻῴŵѪɫ͸һĨѪɫͬҺһ㣬˳ŷ֣͸
ͬʱУҲͬʱһĮ
ɱɱأɱߣɼ̳²
ʯ֮䣬ѪɫȻΪһѪɫû˷ڡ
ֱ˿̣вһ˿֮ɫѪʵΣһɱ۶ɣ̺һʽ
Ȼû˵ǷȴȻˣ⽣һʽϵһ𣬱ɱµһ׾ѧɱ䣡
Ȼ˿̷ģҲֻǵһʽѡ


ڶ ʮ Ӳ
һƬϹɱǱ˵ģһЩԵشܿһЩĿռ
ʣƬϹɱַ֮УΣյĵطһռ֮Уǲʬ޴档һ㣬Զ˸Ķࡣ
ԶԼɼһƬСѪأ죬·ڤڤ֮һŷǰС
˼Ƭ̣ڻСĵļǰУȻ֪ѪؿܻΣգʱҲûˡ
֮ǰɱջԷ־ȻףһƬϹɱ򣬲ǱҪĵطΣȻջһ֮ǰɱ⣬ɱһ㡣

ͻȻ֮䣬ȴȻһҲһӰڲϽӽѪء
˲䣬жϳ˶Էݡգ
΢΢һҲȻˣͬʱϹɱ뿪ķͬĻȻҲͬǣͬȻҲлߵһģԼܹܵѪصԷȻҲпܸӦ
һ˲䣬ȴȻ٣廯ΪһӰյλȥ
еطʺɱڵô
պƣ룬ܱΪ겻ţƬϹɱȴ֪پǿߡ
ΧĿֲɱÿʱÿ̶ʴ񣬱ҪʮֵľСĵֿܱ֤Լ־ܵӰ졣
֮ǰ͵ϮնһȻأȴҲվӰģֻ£һӰ죬ܻᱻ޷Ŵ
뷽粻ͬСһֱڽȻ˵ûɱˣȴԶ޷ԵߵĴ̿ȣɱӰȴԶȶԷҪĶˡ
ȻˣҲһһ·մһƬĹԻһ׻ܹ֮꣬ȻֱʵĻ֮ʵȴԶΪĶࡣ
ֻǣΪʱִ̫٣ҲֻӲ֮󣬱ԼоһǣԼһ·Ѫصķ
һԤУƬѪӵĪĻԵԼܹãʵ̾һʵķԾֻҪһ뵽ձһѪڣ޲̰Ѻô䵽źá
飡
ת䣬ȴȻһ˿֮⣬ë·˲ըʶǻһĳ
һȻоһɴԭ˵ֱȻһʹһ˳岽ԶѪһӿЩûһѪ³
ֻǣûȵӦ֮ǰȻһ⣬̹ǵɱʵʣͬһһ㣬׶Ĵ̹ǣ

ϾǿߣźĿ϶֣䲻ݷ֮䣬տտٴεסɱһһٴ˳
磡
ֱ˿̣ղڿϮߣһ˲䣬ˣһ־һŷն䡣
һα쾳ļһ͵ϮշζҪըˣ찡һ죬ȻҽӶĶǿ߶֣һûô
ɰּˡϹŲõЦݣµ̯΢Ц
ɣһ֣㣬ֵд͸һĨɭȻɱ׵ʵȻгһ㽣ֱȡҪ
ٴα͵ϮȴǳװеŭȼˣûŮӵǣƣܹȫ֣ڷȴްֹ˼ɡ
ֺôĻһ˿Ц⣬ȴǲܲãذһɱӿ
ذûͨˣķʽֱ󣬵ǣڷ˵ֱѰˡ
ڴ̿˵ʲôֻɱ˵Ĺߣذףʲôûκ
֮԰ذ׵ãΪոɱĵһʽܹõķӳɱ˶ѡ
΢·ֻصˣۿɱʱһеĶȴƫƫ͸һ˵ѹԡɱʵʣеذ׷·һ㵭Ѫɫǿɱδֱ˻֮
ֱһ̣ȻоƺЩԾˣһʵ̫ǿˣ׵ʵȻһֿ͸ĸоЩη壡
һˣȴҲ˿гһͬʩչ˽
ɣ
ӿ³֣гͬһ㣬˲ͬſѪڵһ㣬˺ҧ
ɱ
΢ذգ֮䣬ڿγһѪɫɱ֣ޱɱƿնȥ
ɱɱɱ
һ˲䣬յĶУб·𶼳ױһɱռֲɱɿʴ־ͬʱƿնһɱ֣ȴǺȻײյĳ֮ϣ
һгûޱ㱻飬һɵֱ׷˳ȥ
ɱ䣬¾ѧֻǵһʽҲȻԶܹͨˣ
һǽУҼ깥Լ¾һɱ⣡
ŵ˵ɱ䣬ÿһʽɱ֮ڣɱ֮⾳޷ʩչ
ǣһǱǵɱ֮񲻿ɵˣ
һ֮䣬ѪϵȻҲױɣذ׵֣Ҳʼ


ڶ ʮ ¶
ۣ
³һѪĭȴǷЦȻǱȴ˿ɣֽ棬֧Լ壬΢΢̧ͷ
ֶΣֻҲףΪʲôһҪɱң
Ȼƽˮذ׽УһԲ
ҲɣʵϣҲûеȷش˼ԳЦЦΪΪݾȻαװᡣ
Ȼ
ֵʱ򣬷ȻǲὣģЩȴǸûбҪ͵ġ
ɱңѵ㲻̫ôɹȻһЦտ򷽴磬һһٵĿڵ֣ޣˣ
㲻ڲᡣĬƬ̣ڻڵĴˣûһ㱣ֶΣ˵һô
һ˿âĶŷ磬аӣ̲סЦãһˣȻΪ㣬һ·αװڡ
ûһʼڣǿֶŹʹҲãǿ£ЩҲãʵһжαװġ
һʼĿǸصˣԼαװһԸԵıΪ
ȻһʼҲûлɹ磬еαװĸΪС档
ҲΪļ˷ݣŵӰɱϮʱ¶һ˿ֱʮﴳأͻȻ͵ϮҲʼɷǸصˡ
ոһսȴǳ֤ʵԼĲ²⣡
ûֻһɲܽͷΪʲôһֱҪɱԼܽͣΪʲôӵ˿ֲս
̫ˡȻûгϵ˼첻Ŀյ
һһʡ㣬ǲɱ˵ˣŷ磬ʳʡ
˵ǣİɱֶȴʵֲ̫ģԶɱ˵ɱָΪ¡˵ǣŮعϵ˽֮ʱǷŮ֣ûнϹɱĻᡣ
㲻һֱҪô¶һ˿Ц⣬ھͿԸ㡣
ִͳһźɫİᷭȻǣذͬǰա

αһ׼ĵסذףϵЦͬãû£Ҫɱô
ѪһöѣɹȻһЦȻת羢Ȼһȭ£ƵԼӲƴһǣһѪȻ
ȴҲ׷ָڿ㣬罣棬ת˲֮䣬һѪϣд֣һ𣬽ƽƽ˳ȥ
Ѫأ
ɨһصĴ飬յжʱ¶һ˿ɫһˣ㵱ţʽҼô
Ȼô¶һ˿Ц⣬ذȻһ־չٴչȥ
ݣ
һҧ⣬Ѫ絽ϣȻһɾ콣һ̣յüȻ͸һѽӡǣһ̤ڽϣΪһӰȥ
У
һУھңӵϾͼʶˣȻŵ֮ңŵĽ˷磬ݺء
ţٶҲѾԶԶǷܹˡ
ϣֻеײܷУǽҪУҲõؽײпܣٶȣȻǷһСС쾳ܹˡ
ƾˣȴҲԿֶǺεȿֲˣȻȷҪĴ۱Ȼ൱أȴɣֶǵڰմһֻҪǿߣɴ
¶һ˿⣬ȴҲû׷ϵ˼ذףѪصķȥ
ոճֱ̽ԵģܹɱչȻãɱֻҪߣ䲻ܸԼѪصĻԵҲ㹻ˡ
˵ֱֶ̬ΣȴҲδ̫š
ڴ̿˵ֻҪ˶Էĵƣôٹ죬Ҳܻа취ƽġ
Ҳ᷽һ·СĵѪ̽ȥһ·ԶԶӿȻ³ѪɫȴĿ¡
ǿǽ˽ЧҲǳأһɱԴٵÿһܲأңҲԽڵơ
ҲѾ֤ʵ˷ݣһֻҪ뿪Ϲɱصûһ˿ˡ
յٴ͸һ˿ɱ޺޵
ѪأߣĪǵɱйϵôҵҪƾʲôɱңһΪһŷֽġ
޷޵ĵ˼䣬ȴҲٶൢ󣬴óֵʥҩһԵϢָơ


ڶ ʮ Ѫػһ
ལལ
Ѫˮڣͬһڴһ㣬Ȳ˵ֻѪζŻ²ֹˡ
ѪΧÿһռ䶼ȻѪζʴֶĵζ⣬֮лһּǿĸʴԣͨǴʱ䳤ˣֻºܿͻᱻʴΪһ̲ѪˮͬѪصС
˵ߡԴӷ̤ѪΧ֮ڣоϵϱѹƣԽǰܵѹƱԽأǼǰܻᱻѹƣͬһͨһ㡣
ǻһطһˣµһӦǸϽ롣Ȼ˿̷ȴȻһһļǰУÿһľ붼ȫͬģû˿ԥ˿Ļҡ
ܹĸоڤڤǣӣһԴͷǡǡڵѪء
ʮסʮסʮף
벻ϵ̣ѪɫʴҲԽԽأ̵ֻʮ׵ʱ򣬷һѾȫѹƣͨ˿
ֱ˿̣Ųòͣ½Ų
̿ͲּⷢͷԼ򵥵ǣѪͷͲκκ飬ǾԲȥġ
ʧȥʮ׾룬·һǵȫҿ϶ԼߵѪԱߵʱ򣬻᲻ữΪһ̲Ѫˮ
̿ͲͽûбҪ£ԲԼȥġ
ڤڤеٴҲ÷ȥģΪûбҪʧȥᣬٴӱĵطһأǶǿɾҲûĻˡ
ϥϣĸΧⸯʴԵѪɫϢҪҳһĹڡ

Ѫأһ˿֮ɫŮ̾Ϣһ΢ͬɿѪظȥ
⼸գȻһֱСĵѰңȴȻδҵʵĴУԥڰĿŵѪ֮ϡ
뷽ǲͬȴѪζʲôģʵϣһϹɱַУΪıһѪˡ
Ȼɱ˸Ͳ֪ɱʲô״¡
һѪأֳΪأϹɱ츳ĵӣʸѪؽϴ
ŵ˵ѪصЧϴ׹ǣʶܹסѪصϴǵʻʶӵһʵɱ䣡
ʶ֮䣬ֱƿֲܹѹƸһ׵ǿߡ
ɱ˵ɾ;ԿƱ̬ˡ
Ѫȴֻڵؽ֮£һԽ˵ؽףѪرʧȥκЧ˵ĻѪҲѾӶˡ
Ȼ֮ûǿ߿ţзǳҪһԭ򣬾ǡѪʵ̫Σˣ
գȻϹɱ֮УʸսѪصĵӣҲǰȡһѡ˵Уܹ˳ͨѪϴģҲʮ֮һ
˼ܹͨѪؿˣȻֻǧ֮һ
Ҫ֪Ϲɱȡӱ쳣ϸ񣬵֮ˣûʸϹɱ˾ĵӣȻֻǧ֮һտɼһߡ
Ůӣ֮ǰһνʱ򣬾͵Ѫأֻڶʮֹˡ̤ףٴߣȴǲһ˿֮ģҪһΡ

ϵѪظŮӼһ۾ͿѪԵķ磬жʱһȻǼһƺֻʵɣôѪ֮
ʶģŮӱȻŷķȥ

䣡
ҷ絶͵ɽߴǧף嶥ֻа׼˵Ǵ˿̷絶ƽգҲûվ嶥֮ϡ
һϮ£ɫ԰׵վ嶥ǿҡڣμҪֱӴɽȥ
ıžƺһûһڵąţ·۶һ¡
ͷҪվðҳŲסˣźХɽ磬곶ɤӴ󺰣µҪȻҷ֮£ȴ亹
ã
ĴһãûĿڵվ̸ܹЦ岻ôƵҲʱ򡣡
ͷıɱ걯ߵߺȣѾûˣվȥǵñɽɡ
ֻ˺Ⱦƣ
ͷɾֻһͽܣҪǱɽɾûͽˡоԽԽСûͷûԵߺȣȴʼղûԼ
ôͽܣ߾͹߰ɣϡƲƲ죬˵ǳСӣ˭ӲģͲܳô
ӲҪô죿ʱĿɿڴ
Լ롣ûĺһҲֻԹԵĺȾơ
ˮûˮ𲻷ٻ𣬷硭磡ûٴԼ˼ЩˣԹԵ߶
Ǿ˵ҪΪ裬ǱҪ磡߶ţȴȻſе΢΢۾ŷɡ
Σ
ĵ˵ͷȻڵ壬֮иӯҲԨǣ֮ڡңף⣬ͬ䳾


ڶ ʮ Ѫػ񣨶
Σ
Ȼ͸һ˿âһ˲䣬·𶼳װ
йһɱԭӵ֪䣬ȻƽѪصķڣ·Ҳٲȫ޹ɣǶӦΧɱ⣬
Ѫأ͸Ѫɫĸʴʵ׶Ӳһɱ֣
ɱʵǸָһ·
ɱ֮⾳ɱڼԼӵֲͬɱ⣬Ȼ㲻ܵӰ졣
˵ܼ򵥣ʵϣҪȴǧѡ
˭˵һ̲ܹмأ
ȡ壬ĸ˵ףˣ˭˵Լһ
ҲһеֻǵһҪԼɱ֮Уǲѵһ
һжڷ˵㶼ˡ
ɽĵӣԼߣοǱΪǧ겻ţԸѾﵽһֽ̬ĳ̶ȡ
ûмɱûɱ䣬ҲԼɱ֮УȻ˿ȴȫȻͬ
ǲʮӵʱ䣬Ȼ۾
ĿǷƱã
һ˲䣬ƱȻһ䣬ͬɱһ񣬱÷ɫ䡣
һ
ϵѾѹƣȻ˿̣һȴ·̤صɣһ̤죡
ԭӦøʴѪɫϢһ̷·𶼱ƷȻڿγһУɿŷӿȥ
һŮ˵·һֲĴ𣬳׵߸֪
ΪɱĵӣϹɱõ˰ӰʹĴУȻܹ׵ķֱ˿̵״̬
ŨɱƬϹɱϣֱҲһֲҿ֮С
粢ûŮӣͷûлһ£ͲҪԷ͵ϮߵԷҲѾѹƣԶκвˡ
񳹵׳ڶɱĸ֮УµĲȴԽļᶨÿһ̤ΧѪɫϢγУת֮䣬ԭңɼʮߵͷ
վѪصıԵǲ
ɱѳɣ˿̷ܹĸоԼ·ѾΧĻΪһˣ֮ǰһֱѹƵѾڲָ˹һ˿ѹ
ɹȻһЦȴǶʱٴһûŮĶ
һ֮䣬羹ȻôȻ̤Ѫ֮У
䣡
ԭڵѪأŷ̤룬˲γһֲУͬһ㣬ķӿѪİ
û˿ľ֮ɫָһָ֮䣬Ѫ˵ͬ㽣նһ㣬Ȼ
ɱ
ӿ³һɱ֣ѪȻڣѪɿŷӿȥ
ϴ裡
κζĽͣŮӱף˿̷ȻʽʼѪصϴˡ
һ̣Ůе𺳼ֱѾ޷ˣûԭѪصϴȻܹ˽У
Ҫ֪ٴ֮ǰҲߵѪرԵ΢ȡһѪˮϴѡ
㣬˭
һ̣ŮȴǸ֮ѾʼɣϹɱĴˡ
ʵϣȻ֪˿״Ϲɱ۷ʱڣҲǼΪģǸȻᱻϹɱľǿӣϤĽ̵ˡ
Ҫ֪һѪˮԭϰ˳ϴģ˿̣ƣȴӲһ˾ҪһصѪˮɣ
ʱţļһ籬ѣȻһ
ͬʱҲٵķɱ䣬ֻ죬Ȼһδεɱ֮УȻѾԱ۷ǿˡ

κ˼ʵɱ䣬ŵ˵ԴΪؽǰûܹ뷽ˡ
һصѪˮʱŻ䵭Ȼȴվ̫࣬ȻǷܹյġ
ǳ˵ʱҲˣֻǷȴǲȻ벻飬ڷȴֱѰΪˡ
˫Ŀ΢͸һĨɫȻһһǿȻֲɱ͸
йɱ⾳һָȻ䵭Ѫˮڡ

һ֮䣬ɱ˲ۣɱһʽ˶㽫Ѫˮ۳ѪɫһУ
ɱ֮ǰ˽⣬ɱ飬ȴѪ֮ٴνɱ
Ȼ֮ǰɱһѽ̺ɱ࣬Ҳ޷ɱĽˡ
ˣһѪҲԿƼΪѵõױˣ
Ѫ֣һ̤֮Ѫأƽ䵽˵ϡ
ѪˮȻʧΪۼɼ׵ˮˡ


ڶ ʮ 
ȻˣǾͱˣ
һƳʮŮӣȻһ˿ɱɭȻڡ
ոѪصľ·Ҫըһ㣬ҪսһɣŮӾȻһֱû뿪ǻʲôԥģ־˲Ϣ֮䣬Ůߡ
ѪؾʧȻҲûѹЧŮӵҲ㾡ָˡ
Ӻ˺ģ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫŮӿĿ򷽴硣ֻǳȴ˿ӽͬʱ̧־öǮڴֱȡš
Ҳ𻰣Ѫ΢΢һ̧һѪȻһöǮھȻ㱻ʴɾ
ž
ֱ΢΢һһ˫ɫȻŮӵϣһһƱŷ
ôҪöô۽΢΢һƳɹȻһЦҡͷܹ¶ˣֻ»û
öĴʦȻ˵öıµһǣҪͬʱͨ¶ҽķ¶ȴǲܵġ
ŮӵĴ򷨺ȡɣһ˫֮ϱͺо綾˭ɵĸƣֻ̾ͻմϾ綾Ƭ̾͵ýڶԷ
ǿ⣬Ů˫֣Ҳͬȫ֮䣬ϵľ綾ͬʱӿϵʱԽãܵӰͻԽȵ쵽ԵʱѾθ޿ˡ
һ׶ڷ˵ȴѾ˵ģҪ¶Ҳķʽˡ
֮ǰնɱ߸۷壬Ϣ֮¶ôֻǱһ̧־˾쳣ķʽϢ¶Ƿ
ƽգԷӣǾԲƵģᡰɵĹжȻȵԷΪʤʱץסᷢɱ
ڣҪȴһĴսԼսȻĸЩơ
ѪȻһʣǵɱȻϯѪ֮ҲͬɢһĨѪ
ȻǾ綾ʵЧȴֱȶҩҪõĶࡣ
ѪѪؾ۶Ȼһ˿ѪصЧ֮ǿҵĸʴѹƶԷͬѹĶԷҽ
ӾʲôˣɷأСĵĲϿŽ࣬԰ǣƣŮͬʱʵ
ģֻ±ûЩϻˡһ˿ͣȻ٣Ѫ΢һǾݽ
飡
һڽϣŮȻ˳߰˲ԶЦĿŷȻˣһ繫Ըǡ
˵֮䣬ŮȴҲٶָⰵһ룬ֱһӰƿն

Ůǿսʵ˲䱬룬ԶʲôֲĶࡣ
С棬֮׵ٶȣ˲ƿκ谭
ã
־˲һӰܿһ룬¶һ˿˷֮ɫ
ȻˣǱ༸ԡǺЦŮȴҲû˿˼һ̧֣
ɾͲǼ򵥵İˣÿһ·ӵһ㣬ڿķ裬͸ɱ
죬ʵ̫ˣ
ͻȻǰһĳЩС˵еĻ书Ψ첻ƣ
⻰ȻͷЩΪȻȻʵϣڴ£ȴǾԵԡ
ССķ룬Ȼ޺Ȼһ˿ֲٶȣǱһˡ
ȻǷ磬ҲͲҿӲƿն룬ֻѪȥ񵲡
ת֮䣬ȴҲڲ֣һֲ̤ɱӿѪ֮·˲һƬʬɽѪ
ɱ
Ȼһɱ֣ת˲֮䣬ɱȻͬŭ͸Զ롣Ѫϴ񷽴һʽԽֲ̣һ裡
ɱ䣬һʽɱӯҰ
͸ɱޱߣ֮ʣΧĿռ䶼·ŲѪ֮ɱʵʣ
Ѫɫɱ֣˲ڿгͣ磬أ񲻿ɵ
ɱ֮
Ľɱ̺֮޾ɱ⣬
꣡
ȫûκ⣬Ѫ֮뾡Աʵķ飬޷˿в
ۣ
5ѣŮһ˿ֻ֮ɫȴҲ޷赲һѪɫɱ֣һϰöͬʱɳҪ赲һʱƬ̣ͬʱԼ˶ȥ
ֻһȴ̫ˣɱһ·ȻΪɱ񣬱޿ɱܣ
һѪɫɱֺȻ飬ת㽫ŮӺɣһѪ³ͬʯ䵽֮ϡ


ڶ ʮ 
Ϲɱ׽ѳ뿪⣬òҪɱң
³һѪۼ绹м׷ɱ˼Ůɫһ䣬æں
⻰ϵĹʱΪ֮һƽĿŮӡ
Ϲɱÿν붼Ϊޣ֮ڱҵųڵɱ󣬴ɱ󣬱ǳڣʧܾ
񷽴ɱһԲɱֵļƣŮﻹæϸĽ͡
Ȼȥˣ뿪ͷңҴȥڣƾԼδؾʱ֮ǰҵڡ
ò˵һջٴɱ⣬ϵֻҲȥԼɣ
Ҳأüͷ綢Ůӵʵ
ѵûиоΧĿռԽԽȶôʱ䵽ɱ󣬾ͻᱻŰĿռ˺飬𣡡
˵Ҳɱ㣿Ůӣ˼ѯʵ
㲻ɱңŮæͷ͡

Ůӻµ˲䣬һѪɫĽȻȫްԥ
ۣ
ǿ̧ٴӲһŮӵǾ֮ɫȴζ벻ͨô͸ҵɱ֣ѵһںķӣ
ǸҲţǹһ˿Ϸ֮ɫ絭ڵ
ΧռĲȻܹܵҲ֮ͬǰҵڣȻᱻռʮ
ǣȴԲţû˴·ԼҲڡ
ܼ򵥣Ϲɱɱ˱ʱ֮ǰǱ㲻ܲһû˴·ҲͬĺۼѭΪ˴ӦԷʲô
ӺúݵġԲӣŮһ˿ɫ漴Ц˳ӣڱ˼ƴŶ
֪Ȼк֣ǾˡȻһЦҲŹƽĿŮӡ
ģ˼ֵġסˣҽѩ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ůӽһ壬Χ˲両˽ö룬͸㺮â
Ȼ˲ˣȻ˿̣һóƴļƣŮϵƶʱǣֲϢķҲƵƿһ
Ѫ˿ɶɣ
ȻһѪת˲֮䣬ѩΧʱѪ߷ɿ첼ͬһѪɫĴѩ档
޷Զ͸һĨ欵ޡ
ȥ
һ֮䣬öͬʱݺ裬̶Ϣ㹴ճһĻ棬ֻѤ£ȴɱ
ɱ
͸һ˿âٴ̤һɱһʽٴʩչȴӲķ֮С
ֻǣһΣɱȴͬһƬŢ֮Уͻ޷ƶԷķߡ
ԶԶȥͬ֩еĺһһ
һİٶ࣬ҲܹӦֻǴ˿̣ЩմȾѪ˿룬ȴ·һ㣬ܹɶܣȻ۳ͷɱ
̫ˣҲʵ̫ˣ
룬Ѿֲжٸˣֻ·޾һ㣬˾
Ѫ·ɣȫ绤Уϵ룬ȴи빥ת֮䣬Ȼֵ޻֮ˡ
ۣһѪ³ѩɫԽĲ԰ֻԽ֮Ϊ
ķ֮һ֮䣬Ķ
ѩõĴУ֮ʱһ䣬߿ö룬ÿһöͬһСĶǿֲ
ֻѩ־ʵڻ̫ԶǶŽö룬ҲѾǸ˼Ĵǿʩչġ
ң˵ӰʹķܹЩɱ󣬱޷ʤ
һѩȴǾ԰첻ġ
Ǽˣڷ˵ҲѾΣˡ
̶̲ʱ䣬ϱȺѾʮö봩͸ͬ˲ˣ⻹ǱܿҪĽ
ʵϣ˵ɱ㲻ֻǷԷʵʵ̫쾳Ӳףͬλһ㡣
ûɱ䣬˴ĵȼֲ࣬ѹƶԷ
һѩƴʵѹƱȻ˳֮䣬ʤ֮㷢ת
ֻǼ㱻ƵֵزҲȻû˿η֮ɫԼż˷ܡ
Ĵս
ǷҪĸоԼƵԵܹʹԼܹԼʵ
һ㼱·еѾҪױ¾ˣȻȴܹĸоڻûܳյЩѪؾٴλת
ףȻߣ


ڶ ʮ ˭
һδսޣȻƴƼޣͻƷʽ
һδεĺڵһδתҳžÿʱÿ̶Ҫܾҵʹ࣬ȴǱ־ȫӦ롣
ֹһεתҪ־ܿͷֻȴվǿ
ÿܲסʱ򣬷𣬵ڷɽϴӦͷĻ
ҪţƵˣ
ûɽĵӣͷͽܣߵһ磬ҪǿĴڡ
ִ˵Щƫִǣƫִȴһֱŷ磬һߵڣδı䡣
ӣԺΣù£ѩڵԽԽأ̲ס̽
Ѿռ˾Ϸ磬ѩȴǸԸٸƴȥˣϾһɱҪ̫󣬴ɱǲԩˡ
ˬ죡͸һĨâ̲סХһЩ
ڵѪؾȻڲϵתһŷܹɵļޣǣڷ˵ЩĹȴȻǲ
ҪһҵսıƳԼеǱ״Ƽ̤һ̤֮С
ô͸ɱ⣬ѩļ˵㵽ҪΣ
Ҫһ֣ǹһĨаȰ΢ЦӰȻ٣˲Ϣ֮䣬ԭһӰӲѩϮȥ
羢
ʮıľǴݿʤƲɵ
̿ͳ֣ƴĿɲֹǻʽʵĸߵͣҪɱˣҲ˲Ϣ֮䡣
ҪսԼͻƣҪɱ˵Ļ־羢ϣѾնɱѩˡ
ԭͻƵĴʱ㱻֮ǣӲһ޿ƥеĴ
žžž
죬ѩƵжʮöжϵڿУĴʱѩ̲סһѪǺȻ
ܣⲻܣ
һθܵ羢ĿֲҪˣԼΪһֱռŵϷ磬ԭǶԷļô
ÿһҵǸһҲ֤ܻżѪɱ֮⡣
ֱһ̣ѩȻ˷˼ûҪȥգ
־壬һУѩȻ־뵽Ѫеı֣֮䣬㳹˷˼
ǣеѡôȥ
Ȼջ˷룬ѩǿɬȴȻòշ˼ɿԶȥ
֪շ˼ҵ֮󣬺ܻܿʹͻƵףҲȻûа취
һɳĮеˣѾҪʱ˸һƣ֪жҲòӲͷƤȥ
ֹʣˣ
ѩ֪ģⲢûκιϵʱҲѾܵ˿ռ䲨쳣ֻҪʶſռȶλߣᵽһɱ֮ǰ
Ǹʱ򣬲˲䡣
ѩɣǲѾ㵽һ㣬ŸӲľܾԼȻֱƵԼò·
һжģǺεȿֲĻֶΰˣֱѾóˡ
һ·ɳۣڷķ֮£СյĹ˱һһĸϵɱΧ
ӣң
ԶԶĿյӰѩ̲סǻ֮̿ɫ

ԭЩԥҪ̽һɱգȻͷһ۱㿴˱׷ɱѩ
뷽һս֮ǰ£ȻּɵģæնɱѩҲǲܡϴڷǳһ֮ȴѾ˷Ŀ¡
һ㷭ŷɱ˹
ĺãЦһ͸һ˿ѪȻһһչ㾶԰ҲԼĹ֮С
һж
תɱٴչѪɫɱ֣˲ڿۣ޻ɵպȥ
񱩣Ѿкܶ꣬ûԹĴսˣ
Ϊһ̿ͣ£ڼ벼֣ȵֵʱֻǼ򵥵һɾɱ
ڣΪ˽˵ѹʹԼƼޣȴǳ׷ſ߰ļ㣬֮һս
ɱҪ֣գѩæѪصľʱп̤ףƴҲͻ֮ǰնɱ˭Ӳһ
ʵϣ˵ڷֺޱķ񹥻֮£Ҳ޷ˣ
սзǳʮţ˿ǰôһֻ쾳ļһȴƫƫƵԼȻҪ֣֮⣡
ģ˭


ڶ ʮ ʱ
ս
Ѫڵսÿһγ֣ÿһκ÷һֺĸоڵתԽԽ죬Ѿȫ޷Լˡ
ƴ׸ֲֿ֣ѹֳ
־ɱ䣬羢ܹϵȫչǼˣȴҲȻǱѹ·磬ͬеһҶۣʱܸ
̶̲ʮӵʱ䣬Ȼ˼ʮ˿ڣнϣҲ̳Ĵˡ
ڵѪؾϱգ޸壬ֻ·Ѿֲȥˡ
ȥ
϶һӡıϣջѾõȻһ˲䣬ȻһѪһѪӿֱ絽յϡ
һ֣ѩ˶ʱ˷˿ָĻᣬϡ
֮䣬ʶѾһ˿룡
Ȼһƽ˵˲䣬ڵںȻ׳忪һ֮䣬ɿһѭԭѾ޷Ѫؾ壬ȻͬɿݵĴһ㣬һ
ף
ս֮УڴļޣӲ̤ף
𣡡
ȻһХеһŭ𣬾ų
һ˲䣬ͬըֲ˲۷壬һ֮䣬Ӳѩͷųʮöɢʧȥκƾ䵽ϡ
лλһ˿ϲɫ絥һץһɿֲȻӿؼ·˲䣬ȫŷӿȥ
û˿ԥ֮䣬ץΪģ˲Ϣӭյȭͷ
䣡
޻ɵײȻոսȻͬûʹô羢һ羹ȻҲƴһƾС
ȻƲʲôȻʵϣ˵ȴһʮجΣ
֮ǰܹ֮ѹס磬ΨһƾǾʵѹƣڣһҲȫʧȥˡ
ӣ
ڲͻƵ׵˲䣬ѩ㵱˶Է׷ԥķɱȥ
ֻ쾳ʱ򣬾ѾնɱˣֻΪͻƲһֱûɱ֡񷽴ĿѾﵽˣȥֻ±Ȼ·һ
ȴǽˣͻƵףһʱ֮Ҳȫû뵽Ҫܣɾһ˲Ĳ࣬ȴȻעܵĻᶼûˡ
̤ףȴǸûʱȤˡ
ѪסذףȻΪһӰյʺ
꣡
ֻһеĳ㱻նϣ
ܣɱңǰ겻ţҶףûһ㣡ӶĴѾװձƵ˱ıԵ
ŴԸǹˣȴûܹʲô
һݻĶ㼸췭ظܵĴԶȳ˸Ϊ£
һħ
ʱȴѾȫ޷Կˡ
һ˿֮ɫ̾Ϣһһ֮̽䣬һն䡣
֮
Ƿһֲ֣ĽȻɱӿ
ۣ
δ۳ΣյȻһѪȴ޷ֲĽȱ˵ˡ
֮˵ȻЩţʵϣȴҲѾһּµĽˣ
ɲͬڷԼӾңӵĹһ˿⣬Ѿ͵ɽ⣬ңҲͲܹġ
ǿţǿµзʽ߶ѡ
⣿¶һ˿֮ɫ΢΢ҡҡͷ־չ˲Ϣյǰһȭ
羢Ȼ
ۣ
һ֮䣬նʱоλˣһſڣһѪ³ĿѪ֮еƬ
ôԭҲ£Ķŷ磬յǷЦ⣬㲻Ұѽͷųô㲻ң
΢΢ҡҡͷ̾ϢȴȻûн͵˼
Է۹⣬ȻܹոûдһĿܣǿʩչȥֻԼʶѡ
ǣЩȴǲм͵ģڷ˵һôԼҪ
㲻ôûɱЩһɱңЪ˹ŭţմӻͳѪأһŷֽѣ
ɱңɱҰҵſԼޣ
һ˿֮ɫȴǸû˿Ҫ͵˼
ذٴλӶһץȴȻյԴ
ôҪôû̾Ϣгص˵һֽѣдʲôҲϣǼٵģ
µ˲䣬һȻΪ飬ɢ·ûгֹһ㡣
ʱ٣


ڶ ʮһ ֮
ɱ
΢ҲŽȥѩѾɱˣ׷ٿ죬Ҳסˡ
֮ȶԷɱϤԼȴȫһĨڣͲ֪ɱ֮ʲô
޷ƿصĸо粢ϲ
ɱ󶼱һ㵭ѪɫĻţ龰
ԶĿռ䲨ԽԽǿңֻʣΧһƬȶģ龰£Ҫκ˽ͣҲףɱȻΨһˡ
ͷ˵֮ʮʮоţȥһ΢΢۾֮䣬յرһоһ֮˵ôɱ󣬱һô
зɿһڻۣһ֮䣬廯ΪһƮȻ
˻𣡡
һ̤룬䣬Ƭط·ǿзΪ֣һŭһȴģ
µǣ̤ƬؿʼҲᱻǿзָ֣һ봦֮Уһ봦֮С
һ˲䣬ͫȻСһָΣȻӿͷ
ı仯ʵ̫ˣѾ˵ΧǷ磬һʱ侹ȻҲһʴӵĸо˽ȻͬĸоĽԼǿзָĶԱһָɴԼնΪĳ嶯
΢΢̧ͷȴȻϿһ˫۾ĿīĿ΢ѩĮĴӲ񷸩Ӳ
֪һ˫۾ǼٵģҲһľĸоһ˫е۾ۣ֮ͬΣ
ϸԶ֣ᷢߣһڣڰ֮⡣
Ȼǣ󣬻ңΪƬصǿԷָ޷κһ΢һ㡣
Ϊ㱾Ҳָ룬ͬʱ֮У޷ȫҲ޷̤
ǣ벻ͷųֲֿֿ˺ѸУһûֿᱻ˵ĳΪΡ
һƶ޷ı״̬·һħ䣬ܹӲ޵Ԩ
һ֮䣬Ȼɱ⣬ɱ̸ӿɱͬıҪһ㡣
˲Ϣ֮ɣȻףɱ£ƾһɱͿȫԼסκӰ죬ʱҪһߣһߣκ谭
ֻǣԷ˿̶ɱȴǻԶԶﲻ̶ֳȡ
ת֮䣬ȴȻһ˿
Ȼ޷ıƬأôΨһİ취ǸıԼĴɱԼȫ⾳УȴжԼ⾳֮жԼɱ
ȻҪһ㣬ҲͿԵģҪӵ֧Լı⾳С
ֻͨ죬е̶޷ıԼ
ڷ˵ȴͲ⣬Էɱһ𣬾ͿԼ֮Уɴһĳ뿪
ֻǣ˿̣ȴѹûгȥ˼
˵ײȴ÷лһ֮
֮δر㲻ת

޷ศ飬
һ֧̣ĵĿ˵
ʲôģͷĪѧ̫ȭ겻ΪȻƲƲ졣
룡
žһһõԴϣ˺꣬ԹԵĿڽ͵
һһ
︺Ϊ͡
⡣˼ֲмЩء
ͷһǲ̫ס
΢΢ҡͷ̾ϢԣϣףٽͣҲס
ʲôľ˾죬겻ĺߺߵˣʲô˵ģƫ˵£۸ô
˷ۣһõԴϣЦ
Сӣ֪Һִ򣡡
ȻΣ
ҡҡͷ΢ЦǺãˣǱң֮䣬תתһҿ
⻰һȴǶʱɵˣĿɿڴĿˣҲʾô

ۣ
ȻһѪѩǳɱһ¡
ϱʹˣû̬ʹæ֮ľ˺УֱѪ֮ǰй̤ף´˿˵Ҫɱ֮ˡ
Ǹһܳô
ͷ΢΢һѩɴĵó˴𰸡
ӡʵ̫ˣ˵һֻ¶ֱ̬ȻǵһνɱѩҲᱻɱ֮С
ңǼһı̬¸ò˶ãйؼ˰ɣ
ԥһ£ѩȴվҶͣǿѹƣɿ롣
״̬֮£ѩȫûԷġ


ڶ ʮ һһֻأ
֮תΪ֮תΪ
ѵ֮תһҪʹһﵽô˵ҪɱҪȫתΪһô
һȣ
︺ศûһҪѿġ
һһ
أˣʵʼһڲعڵ
һˣлȻʣԭѹͷ·ĸɸɾٲһ˿ۼ
ֻ֮䣬ʲôת
֣֮Ϣüͷ֮
ƺֻصˣڷɽ֮ʱͷǸ֮ϡ
۾ٴ֮һ˫ص۾·ȫһƬ֮Уȥָѿ
ʱţ·ѾоһеĴڣ񳹵Ƭأ˵ɱ֮С
ͬʱϹɱȻռŰĿռ֮£ûκܹյʬ壬Ҳͬʱʵķ顣

ʲôû˳ѩЩŵĿ㱨Ϣɱ֣
Ǹ˵ô£üͷɱѯʡ
ܱ˵Ļ¡صĵ˵ͷѩشû뷽ˣͲǿҵ
һˡ΢΢̧ͷɱҲţ׵ʵ˭ܹɱ֧֮һ֮á
ɱָ֮ĸܣҲͬԹ£ÿʱÿ̶ɿţܹҵ뿪취׵ʵֻҪСʱͻᱻ˺
ǽԼڵϢȫתΪҲζˣΪ֮Ҳǻܵһѹƣ뾡뿪Ҳվһ
һ죬޷˭ܹ֧ôͣҪ֪׵ĸ֣ɱ֮УҲͬܵѹȣֻܹƾǿΪһʱѡ
ѵѵûҵ뿪ɱķʽ߱סûɱ󣿡뷨ѩԼҲš
һɱ쵭ʲôɣһ컹ûˣȻˣһӦñɱӮˣȥ裬ʲô˵
˵ףһվһıƴѣΨһǣøκδۡɱһˣͻʧȥһƬϹɱĿȨѡ
ѩų뷽綼棬ʤȻѾ˳

ϹɱϿգȻĲеĽ
裬ʤѷ֣㻹ʲô˵
ĳ˷ǰڵ
ôƤû̧һ£ȻԹԵĲеĽ
ѩϹɱȴ棬ѵʤѷô
Ŀ΢΢̧ͷҿûӦ
ˣôͳɫĿڵаҲҪʳԶʵ飿
˭ĵӻ͸һĨɭȻɱ赭ڵ
ֱһ̣ŷӦԼƺЩˣλƺͲʲôˡ
ôֻˣǹһ˿⣬һ̤ϱն£Ľƿն·ռ䶼Ҫһն顣
Ӱ
ͫȻһķӦҲǼ죬һ֣һ͸ĳȻ֣ɿӭȥ
ƾҲ棿͸һĨɫһǻ⾡й⵹ùļһϡ
Ȼ뷽ȴϵӣʧˡվÿ֮ʱһǻʲôġ
ƣ

ֻأ
ӿ³֣жʱ¶һ˿ϲɫ
Է⣬ͨ︺ʱɱںϣѾԱ֤ˡ
ǸʱʵѾɵĴκһ뿪ˣֻΪҪͨɱİأ˵֮ת
˿ֻ̣֮һ𣬶ʱһνɱȻܿԡ
˫ָڱ󣬷¶һ˿Ц⣬ͷϵķɢͷԶһȻӷ
Ϣ֮䣬ϵ֮γһ̫ͼתƬ֮䣬γһɵѭ
ԭѵ˲һȻ֮УȴȻҲ˿Ӱ죬ǷӰƬأΧڵĿռ䣬Ҳָ
ɱµĴ֮ô˼
˲Ϣ֮䣬˫Ҳʱı֮˫۵ģ
ĿīĿ΢ѩ
һһֻأ


ڶ ʮ ؿϹɱ
һһֻأ
ȻֻǼ򵥵İ˸֣Ȼȴɱ֮Ҳ־ŷ糹֮
ͷܹӦο˰ɣ
һ֮䣬Ƶתر飡
ŷһ仰£Χɿı飬Ȼںϣ֮ͬʱֱӿ뷽˫Ŀ֮С
˲Ϣ֮䣬һ˫۾Ȼ͸ڰâ䵽˷ϣͬʱͻȻһ
ۣ֮󱲣ԽϹɱ򴫳֮һ
һսϹɱΪߣÿһַһɱ߿ɵϹɱ򴫳С뵱߱ߴַ֮飬ɱʮ٣֮ȨؿϹɱ򣡡
λ̣ܶȻ֮ȴκȻĶ
ؿϹɱ
㷽粢֪Ϲɱ֮ǰжţ棬ǵֻƾһɱķ÷пֲˡ
ɱʮ٣Ĵп飬ȲǷؿϹɱ򣬵ֻǻЩܹ֮õĺôĶˡ
ŵ˵һϹɱ֮УʵһʵķԾ
ֻһϹɱַ
Ĳ˵ֻǴɱһ÷粻ϧһдˡ
Ȼֻ˵һʽȴֱţֻ׵ʱɱ׵ա˿ֲĽԶνľ֮Ĳ֪ǿ˶ٱˡ
ܽɱȫõ֣Ȼ춯ء
ȻҲɵӣֻƾһϹɱΣճ̶ȣΣ»Զڴ˴֮ϡ
ɱ䣬Ѫؾۣ
׮ôһǿɻõģʵ츳һЩһܰԼˡ
ҪǣһλҲûϹɱַϢڷ˵ֱһĨڡ
΢΢ҡҡͷּҪѰϹɱַͷԼ侲ע⵽ƽɱõۡ
ɱ֮գڣǿֲ֮ģȻڷ˵ȴ޷á
һһֻأ
һ£۱ɱأֱӻΪĨȥԷֻأ
ѾˣԶڵķܹʩչˡ
Ϊ籾ۣ֮ԣҲ˵˿޷ãƴ֮ʱϧԼΪۣҲۼ
ǹһĨЦ⣬Щ˼Żȥ
ɱ飬ϹɱĳȻû˿ڣĳǰ֮

꣡
Ӱһæˣʹϧ֮ɱӿ
裬㲻Ҫ̫
Σ¶һ˿֮ɫȻ㾡Դ׸ԡ
һ仰ȴǲûǺͳѪǿ߼
һ˵ŭҲ˼ûа֣ʵϵľԣԲ˭ŭһ¾ܹĨƽġ
裬ãɱұƴɱɢҲҪ㱱ѪɺӣƵ·Ҳϧƴ˲㣬Ҳɱ˱ɱ㼸壬ӵܵıȴеģ
ɱ˵ƣǱƴñʹ裡
⻰˵ĺܾȻʵȴҲмǿиɡ
ʵϣ浽һֻҪһնɱɱи߲㣬ʣµɱǲôϧһдΪɱ˱ġ
ɱ֣˽顣һʧȥԼȻͻͶԲɵʿġ
Ϳһ㣬ҲΧɱɱˡ
ȴҲףǵһƵ̫ݣܹҲ鷳ҪǣһվЩ
ҲǼΪҪģǴ˿̳֣費ҲһԷ޹ʹôΪСʧˣ¾ɱˣɾͶˡ
˭˭ӮֻҲһɣȻʵҲѾ϶˷Ϲɱ򣬵ǿȴǾϵġ
ѼӲҶɱĿֲһѹѵܻųЦһɭȻ裬ұڴ˴ţСӣվûܳ˵
üͷûٺǵˣȻ֣ҵձ˵Сһ飬Сһȥ
һ·ʵ˳ֵΣ
ߣӮɱ˱÷˵أ㾡ɳնɱұǡ
ãǣˣǾ͡軰û˵꣬ȻоϹɱĳ͸һɿռ䲨
һ̣һϮԾȻǰ


ڶ ʮ Ե
ˣŴϹɱˣȴǸʵ˿ķ硣
ϢʱһȻ󲨣ͬһ㣬ֱ˷ţһֻĳŶ
Сӣĺܺ棬㵽ôɱ֧֮һ֮á
ǺЦŷļջֻҪʵңҿӣԺߡ
ֻѡЦҡͷεĻش˵ģԼҲͿģû˵
ֶýֺͷҲ֪Բй¶ȥȻԸ˵
ðɣðɣ˵ûķ˷ۣ˰ֵԼģСˣ²ô˵ġȻͦ˳ۣǽϼһҲǼʮĽ飬ԡ㻹รɡ
գǸʲôϵĪĿŷ裬ɵʵ
㻹ɵĿɰЦҡҡͷҲͣȴһתˡ
һ·ϣҲԥϾֳǱʵЩˣҲθڣΪӣҲһ׮¡
ֻԷӣȴʵշӣѯʷɱгŹһ죬һڡֻҪ΢㣬һ̨ףԸ·ˡ
ϧڿȴǶнģ硣
Ǻεȸܾ߰̽ˣ㳹׶շΪͽͷ
ʵϣԷĻβ֪⣬ֻǣڷ˵ȴʵ̫İˣ÷
ɽͷĸ飬˵ʦุԭκܹȡġǵڷУԼǷɽӣʹûΪʦͷ
΢΢ҡҡͷ統ȥ
վס
ո뿪˶ʱΧ˹ڷ֮ǰ
˭иƵģϣȴȻһ²֪ӣɵʵ
ٸװɵ磬˵վôģӺֱӴϣĶŷ硣
գŶǽĵӰɡȻĵͷ漴̾ϢһҺܱǸϹɱʵ̫Σˣɱ˵˳͵ϮԹ˲Ͼʵû֡
ɱ˵͵Ϯ⣬ڻڵ
ǽϹɱ֮ʱһɱ˵˸˽ȥ˵ͷʵʵĻش
ޣǺεʵôܻᱻһɱ˵ɱ͵Ϯɱҿһ㼵磬ͬɱ˵ˣ޳ֶܵκ硣
Ȼƾʵôܷų
ۿЩĵӣڻҡҡͷģ˵ģҶѾ˵ˣǲţҲûа취
˵Щ統ҪƿЩӣǰȥ
ʲôҲ˸˵ֺں̬ȣʱѽĵˡ
һ˲䣬ᰴʵ
ôؽúʳࡣ
ʣһ˿âʱЦĳ׶ʥ֮飬أڱģȿģ
αغǻȥ
ЦҷǺεҲЩСڲǷ϶ᡣ
ϣʲôҲʸ񾪶ϣһµϣһӶʱڼ
ʲôҲʸǰһ̤ʵȻӲǽѹһ˳岽ȥ
ףһ˿âһ֣Ὣǵסſڵֲеǰԭ̤ô
һ˲䣬϶ʱһɾ콣⣬ݺŷ練ѹȥ
ߣ
ƺһϵƶʱΪ֮һӲѹ漸磬
ԲһףҽǰʲôȻŷ磬ǽȻ
һԵĽ󣡡ȻԷϱĽƣȴȻЦݣǿʵһ·ȥֹͬһˣ
Ȼͦıֱһ˿âȻջգңֻк˹ҵ
ȶԷش𣬷ڵΪ㽣ĵӣΪţԣ˿㲻ô
˵˵ۿΧѾвΧۣǽϵüͷȻһƸʢȴҪѹķ粻ܿڡ
΢΢ɫԼ͸һ˿԰֮ɫȻû˿ľ⣬ڵǬϣҵҪ㽣ܲһ죡


ڶ ʮ 治Ĭ
أڴ
˵֮䣬һȻԶת֮䣬һӽʱսꪽ뽣һͬΧ
Ϊ׵Ľͳһɫ£͸һɱ֮⣬Ŀ絶ɭȻɨ
ˣѧ磬ǰȴ빬֮⣬΢΢ϴһ˿ŭȴ˿η壬٩٩ԡ
΢΢˵ͷǽͳ컺ڵȻˣɡ
㣡ǽ֮䱻ӣȴǲû˫ŶԷȴվҶ˵
Ȼ̤һһ˲䣬ӵĽͬʱӶսꪣһŨҵɱȻͷŶӲ˵ѹȥ
ȻʵͳҲδؾܱȽǿǣȴǴűʱ֣˵һ㣬ֱͬı棡
䣬֣Ŀ磬ͳ죬̲סЦ
ְӶϼһȻֵġ¶һ˿֮ɫȴҲԷԴķȥ
лˣ΢΢ֵл
ЩС£Ǽ߽˰Ե¶ѡЦҡҡͷ˵ҲҪСģΪãŵؽΪǽΪԵһλϣ˿²ô׷Źġ
ӰбĳġͷлſڵϱȻһ

ķ֮ϣĿ⻺ɨس䵽˷ϡ
磬Ϲɱ򣬿ջ񣿡ŷ磬ʵ
ϣһһʽһЩѪصľ̤סǰһ񣬷ſڻش
Щûʲôģ˵ȥϹɱʲôûõǱ˻ˣɱͲزסҲû󷽷˵˳
Ŷһ˿âĵ˵ͷѪصЧ֪ģֻΪ̫Σûж񷽴羹ȻܹȻѪؾôʵȻͻƵףҲ㲻ˡ
Ƭ̣Ŀ˷һۣż˵ӦͣҪʲô˵
⻰һ˶ʱһƬȻĽƺҲЩ̫˰ɣ˷һʵκԸĻᰡ
ǻԼӦЩʲôأؼǿҪλҪǮŮΪӣĺ£ֱ˷ܰ
Ȼȴ·ûⱱ˼һ㣬ƽǷ̾ϢһĻ᱾ϸģȻм̰ʹͣ
һ𺳸˰˵һҲ̫Ц˰ɣĺûᣬȻѣ
һЦȴп˵ڡȻҲҪһЩôֻǱ˼ܹµ
ᣬҪ𽿤飬ֻҪ¶˼Ȼܹ˳ưѺˡ
ǣȴû˼ֻҪɴװɵˡ
Ŀ΢΢һٴڷͣƬ̣ŵ˵ĻȻ㲻֪ҪʲôǱˡ
ˣѱˮ跽磡
ˮ
ʱùıˮޱȣԳµ֮
ҪǣǱùı̺ɾʹͬˡ
лϣȷʵûܾģֻҪӭͷƤл
ȱŵлû˵ꡣ¶һ˿Ц⣬ҡͷּⷽ粮λͲһ
лϣ
˵ϲ飬Աٴʮ±鼮һ͵Ĳȥ

Ŀ˿磬һǧѩפҩҲһˡ
ǧѩפõҩҸ
űжʱһЦǸҵģھҵ͸ǱŮ
л϶䡣
ˣ°ɡ΢˵ͷ漴Ը
һȣۼҪµ׵̲סվ˳ϣһ£̷
Ŷÿɷ̧ۿһۣŵȻҪʣʰɡ
΢΢Ƿת򷽴ɭȻһҽգôģ
λ˿ǽ֮ˣ֪γƺ΢΢̧ͷĿڷʵ
˽ϣȻͷ
ǸϧҲǽˡȻһЦ絭
һʱȴҲûܷӦʶüͷʲô˼
ЦҡҡͷɹȻĳϣȥܺ㽣ӱǣֻ»ܲĳ
Ҷ񣿡ĺӶʱĵŷŭ
ŷ۾գһµģһ̤Ȼ˱׷ĲͬΪкʸң
⻰ȴǶʱѺҭİ˵ǰϣԷǽ֮ˣҲԼȷûжԼ͵ıҪ
ǣԼǽĳϰǽӣСӣѵ򽣸ô
СӣĪҪҿ㺦գ鲻һشҰɡɫ࣬ɭȻ
㽣ӣǻ㽣£ƾʲôͣȻ̧ͷ绺ڵţ㽣ϱ֮⣬ңĪǣ㽣ĵãҷǲݽô

еվֱأְڸոյõˮϣЦŷ֮λ޴ǣ˵Һգ㽣ó֤򣬱㽣Ȩ죬ҲƷĳͷ
˵⻰羶űһ񣬰Ȼת󲽶ȥ


ڶ ʮ 
ɱҲһ˦֣еĲˤķ飬Ĵӵۣȴ˿취벻
׷ⷽ粮λǰˮͳʱû֤ȥҷ鷳ǸŸˡȻٲҲûӵġ
ϣ
ʲô߰ˣͷϣȤʲôˣһھͻؾˡ
ˣ˵Ұ֮پЩԥ뵽ŵǧƱվӲͷƤڵ
ʲôüͷȻһŻͷһۣù
ǣˡɿڣ˿ʵʵİѶ˹ȥ
ʵϣݹҲʲôӵĶֻһźɫİѣȻ˲䣬ȴȻһ˿âһѱ˹ȥǺɫİ֮ϺȻд֡
΢΢һʱڵ
ȵȥֻᷭϷȻдһ֮֡磡
Ƭ֮䣬˱һĺ˽
ͲԼĪҲǶʮ߰˵ӣ˫ָڱһѪɫ͸һ˿𣬼߽Ҳȫûзκ졣
Ӳû˵˼ֻǾĿźǹһ˿Ц⡣
ǶȥϸһºӣʱԸ
ת֮䣬˶˳ȥſڵµĶƺʹط˰ɡ
ûʹΪⶫͲ͸鳤ϵġ΢΢ҡͷƽڵ
¸ҹĨǵģˣ㾿ʲôһ˿ɫɭȻڵ
鳤붯ôҪˣɱңⶫɾû͵طˡӲĿڵеԹԵںԵ
Σڣֻɱȴ˿
ܼ򵥣ҿ԰鳤ɱ˷硭ֻҪ鳤Ըһô΢Ц֣˴꣬˵
ЦɱʲôˣңɫȻһ䣬мЦ
ô¶һ˿Ц⣬Ҳ⣬ֻǾѳɼĲ
ҪʲôоԷĴݣڻ̲סڵ
ܼ򵥣ȫдˡָָϵƽЦЦ
ŶĿٴ䵽֮ϣע⵽ɵĴ顣
£è綾
ʲô˼üͷʵ
Ҫ鳤ϸһֵĻᣬһֻèһܹвǿߵľ綾̧ͷź
Ц㲻ôɱˣ׼Щ
ΪҲԣҲԼ˿¶ӲţݲȵĿڵЩ鳤ϿԺɵ
ƾʲôôģҲɵ˵ԼṩЩʵϣðյȴǶԷԵ޹ʵģԷƾʲôôİԼɱˣ
ʵĺã¶һ˿Ц⣬΢΢ףҪ˵ģЩ֮⣬һҪ鳤ϸҰһʵݣܹĳȻһЩǮƽʮ
ҪҰ㰲ݣ΢΢һĪĿʵ
һҪһʱ䣬иϵݣǺõġ
΢΢ԥһ£΢΢ҡͷЩɣ
Ϊһϵݣʮƽ𣬾ðմɱ磬Ҳδ̫˰ɣ
¶һ˿Ц⣬ŻڵȻ鳤ϣûɱ磬ΪϹɱõһЩЩͬҲҪġ
⻰һЩˣ˵ǾͷˣϹɱվصĵطʲôĶҲˡԷȻɱ֣ôЩҲ㲻Ϊˡ
Ѿ˵Ĺˣ鳤ǲǿԴˣָߵ棬ʵ
һһ⣬ʧأźӻڵ
ҵֵûʧʣʧܣ¶һ˿⣬ɭȻˣǲ˵ģ
ãҿԴӦ㣡Ƭ̣ų˵Ҫľ綾Ҳδܹڶʱڸ㵽
ܹвǿߵľ綾ɲ·߻ûдʦҩѧֶΣǾòġԽȻ˵Ը㲻ǶʱҪõѶȵģҴĵȥҡ
Ҳѣ֪һ˾ӹŹ֣гûǸ㵽ҩ˵ͷ漴ڵ
Ŷʲôˣģ׷ʵ
յϢ⼸ᵽҲˡҡҡͷӼӣһȻܹҵĵ׼Ѫ벻ġ
ŶǺˣ
룬ɣ


ڶ ʮ 
磡
Ȼ˸磬һЦ⣬öëԼԱߵҵСѾͷ粻һЦ
С֣࣬˯һᡣ
ӣⶼˣ㻹ſ˯˾С죬СѾͷߵСϾҪˣʹǷĸ˵ô
΢΢һС͸Լ𽿤ҪֻԼæ˶ѡ
ѽ˵ˣءСѾͷʱһܣһ涣ŷ磬ӣʰһŶ
СѾͷһһĳȥȴ΢΢̾ϢһӣŴһԵĹóһϻ
ղȴԽľˡˣ𽿤СѾͷ߽ӣŷ
лġ΢΢Ƿ񣬷ЦԭȥŶԣֻʵ᲻񣬻빫¡
ЩС¡΢΢ҡͷ𽿤ڵĲӦ⼸վ͸Ҫ׼ˣͷȥʱ򣬿һҪȥ
ȻɹȻһЦ漴ϻˣһǧѩƺפ֮Чϴȷʵòϵģ軨׷͸ɣ뿤Ҫ⡣
лӡ¶һ˿ϲɫ𽿤ȻܾСѾͷӹϻſڵǱƺȻ֣صĲǡ
޷Իעġ˵ͷȴҲ𽿤һᣬСѾͷ˼Сˣһù緹˺𽿤
ЩͷʹԴ߰˼뿪СԺ

ϣǵ˲ˣ֮ǰ³ǳֹ˵գһ£˼˵ƺһСƽȥС峤ʧˡ
Ŷüͷһһ˵Ҳҽ֮߳ˣ
ˣ˵һ뻯ֶοҽ
Ҳˡ뵽Ǻ˵ЩŹ֣Ȼģ뵽Сˣ֪ôŷô˸ɴˣƮȻȥ
ˣҶˣһд˵Ϣ̱ҡ룬ЩգԸԸȥ˭ҵλ룬š
ǣϣ

ȥɱСӣһϹͷˣҲûʲôϧģǹΪǡӺ͸һ˿âڵ
һֿģ˵ֶת۾Ȼ֮Уβա
ӻ˼ꡣҡͷǵǷ约˿նҲˣأ
кηҲɱ˵ĵ˶ѣֻҪһɱˣǱ˳ˡΪȻĺһӺɭȻڣ·ɱһ˾ͬˮһ
ΪβȥɱˣӺܹҵɱǱҵʲô֤ݣ֤ȷʵǷ约˿նٶ֣Ǹã
֤ݣ֤ݣҪʲôʲ֤ݣնѾˣһҪȥʲô֤ݣӺŭߵ
ƽգȻҪʲô֤ݣ漰棬ȴǲòء͸һ˿âϾûʲôֻҪǸһ̨ףʱҪɱһ磬һ仰£
˵ȻһӺȴǶʱӦ˹ˣһɱˣû֤ݣҲһЩ֤ݻġ
΢΢۾شֻǾ붨·ʲôûһ㡣

ҽ߸ĸģȱǮ㽫˾֮⣿
͸һ˿⣬վҽſڣŭ
ϣһаĵģһҽݵСЦǿҽݵģѵͲҪԷûǮβǳã
ΣܻðհȻЩΣһڵ
õãҸ˵ţǺģǾͰǮˣǴȻβ᲻ӣǱϽ߿⡣һ֣СƱҪߣǲм
⣿΢¶һ˿֮ɫ߰ȻȻβ֮⣬㵹гϢ
ɨһۣĴ΢΢ҡͷ˶֣ϷԻˡ
ִͳ룬ŵʹɫ԰ףϸˣһһǼö£׼ϸ˵ڡ
ͷ߾Ȼλεϸ˵ϣڵʱˣ־Ҫȥקߡ
ˣĪҪżû¡ϴżЦ⣬Ҳʲô΢΢̧̧֣׾ٵĽ˳ȥ
Ҫƴ֮ʱȴȻԭʹϸЩСӣҽ£㵱ô
㡭ˣɵĿϸˣһʱûܷӦ
ᣬϸűҪ
Ϸ˲ضϷ򲻹ʱ˲飬Ȭҩĸ֮סϸˣ΢Ц׵ˣдӣȥѰһҽݣҩȡ
˵֮䣬ߴϵı֮ͳֽʣɿдһӣͬЩһݸꡣ
ֱͨһ̣ȻӦ˹߹һͷлҽ֮СӲʶôҽԭ¡
ˣȥץҩɡЦҡͷۺӣڵ
Ӧһٻ߿һͷɿһҽȥ
Ҳˣ΢΢˵ϸǼö룬΢ЦϷ˲Ҫ룬Ѩֹסʹˡ
һ˲䣬ΧʱһƬȻƾ룬׼ֹʹҲ̫˰ɡ
лҽϸȴǸжһĵл֪ɷ֪ҽ䣿
ҽҵ΢΢ҡͷ΢ЦϷ룬ɣ


ڶ ʮ ƶҩ
Ҽ룬֪ɷһ˵
ڽֱ߰һӣһӣ߾ôҽݶ濪ǰһϸ˵ȣʱ˲ˣ߸棬һᣬǰ˳һ顣
ûգͷû̧һ£ֱӲľͶ˻ȥ
ǽĵȴǲûбЦ̫ҽԺϴҲû˸ôӵİҪֻ뵽ķԸȴòвʵȥ
ˡһǷǽӶʱܵˡ
ʣľٶʱȺһƬȻΪЩգϧȨַǼУ
һ仰ʱòȻ£ʱúòµǮȥҽݵĴ򿴲ЩǴүƵģ·࿴һ۶ࡣǡȨ룬¶ԷֻǸͷȵģҲܶЩҪİգƨƨߵˡ
ҽǻеǮҩˣӾͺãôٳҩǮ
Ķⳤģ߲֪ƣκһһˣʱ˿ڵ˵һ˼ҽǣѿѾǴˣǼʵƶҩģͲҪҽǮˣԼշץҩ
ˡôһ˵ʱвٸ͵ˣȻȴҲûġһԷ˽ĸģûԸǡ

ʱţת֮䣬ɫѾҪˣȺɢȥ
Щƣᴷ˴ʰ
ˣЩֻɡ
˵֮䣬ֻūǰСĵİֽ߰ʵװ֮У⻹һŮǰסߣߴ
۾΢΢һУĿŶ꣬ڵ޹»λˣ˵˵ҪϷʲôɡ
һˣ绹Ϣһ£ȥԶٷɣҵ²һ˵Цһ£Ե
룬ߵҲûоܾ΢΢ͷ
ʱͣһľСԺ֮УŮ³ܿС
Ȼ󣬵ȴõļΪ£׼ķˣϯ
ֱֱ˳ȥֻŮ̡
롣
Ȳæԣлֱ˵ɡûжӣ߱ڵ
˵󣿡һ£Żʵ
Ŷǽ֮ˣ΢Щ죬ʵ
˽ϣ¶һ˿֮ɫͷ
Ŷ֪ʲôңû֮еľ߹ȻһȻµӣڡ
뵽ԷҩѧʦпЦһ£ż˵Цˣʵһ󡣡
߲ֻǾ
Ҫһֶҩܹв׸ֵĶҩۿ̽ʲôԿżɽֱӰѻˡ
ǸϷֻҽüͷûһ£ڵ
¾֮ҩѧϵ裬ܼһҩ˵Ǿ֮͡Цҡͷ
ţߵ¶һ˿֮ɫϷ֪֮˿²࣬⻰̫˰ɡ
˵ЦˣֶΣҲҵˡ磬Ȼ΢ЦֻҪԸæκҪҶӦ
⣬ڳĬãŻڵϷһѧβ֮ȻҲҩȴδɱһˡ
⣬ĻвϹģģҪԸˣһ޿ɱֻ֣ݲֱֶͬѣԲɱ
㣬ɸģƽźߵѯʵ
ҺģõĶҩɱһˣҩ֮£ûʲôԥģ˵ͲʲôԣţУҲȷɱյ֣񼫵ġ
ɫ߳һ£˵óĶҩҪϧҩģϷпûС
ܷģҩģֻҪһ嵥һ׼׵дӦ˼ʱϲæĵͷӦ
ϷǴ˴Ӧôұôҩ͸һ˿֮ɫ߳˵
뽲
һϷҪһ£ڼ䣬еҩĶɴṩ
լʺ¶Ծౡ֮һ鱨ϣ³ǣƣȫʲô⡣
ڶ˲κ壬˸ϷҷԼ٣ա
ãҴӦ
һϷҪʮҽ䣬ƽ𣡡
üͷ΢΢һҲ΢΢һƽʲôʮҽ䣬ֻд̫ҽԺŪĳˡҪͨϵֻҲǼ׵¡Ҳʲô
ϾⶾҩƲףǲ붯֣֪߳ʲôʱõˡ
̫ҽԺҲûܹóֶҩģңһЩ˳֣ۿܸ̫߰ױ¶ˣȻк󻼡
ãҴӦˣ΢Ȩһ£ֱӴӦ


ڶ ʮ 
ӣ
Ÿոսţʱйϳ˷磬ʹ˹˼ûҵϣƵġ
ķ磬ɲǵǸ۶ʱĲˣʵϹɱع飬ϵӶңǱ׷Ĳˮһ£꿡ǰ;˭˿С
Ҫ֪Щ竹ӣ˷ҲǹԹԵģĬ˷ĵλ
һ·ϣ竹ǿǼʶʵֶεģҲʮﴳζʲô֮Ϣǲֶߣ֮ʹ
ŷô
һﰲžǡǹһ˿Ц⣬ŮӵƨһѣЦ
¶һ˿ϲɫܿѷ֮Уӣ֪Ҫλӣˮô
ˮпô
ʲôˮ˵ˣûգҲҪʱŷһۣЦķе
Ǿ͹ˡ
Ƭ֮䣬ˮ㱧ý˷䣬Ƿ򷽴ڷ
ղˮ˲ٰǴһ˿Ц⣬
ȡЦˡˮ¶һ˿ůɫǹЩûء
ȻһЦҲͣץƺԼơ
ˮɡյߣӹƺˮݸһܼǵõգʱķأʱգȴû˸ǹˡ
ܺʱһǵǸңδ̾Ϣһ΢ЦŴˮнƱһ
һƣūҾӣףӲ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫˮǿЦŸԼҲһƣſ˵
һ绹Ȩ󣬳¼ү竾͸ȣǣ񷽴ȴѾſȻǸļ̳ˣҲԸ׵
أȴȻһŮˣ縡Ƽκϣ
粢𻰣Ȼˮ˼ǣڷ˵ȴȫûӴҪְ˼
߻¥ıɲ⣬ڷҲ㲻˭վ߻¥ıóȻ޴֮ġοڷ˵ˮҲһŮ˶ѣֵðճ֡
̿ͣͬķĵĻʹߡ
ʫ粢ûб竸Ŷ٣ֻˣж˼峺Щ˶ѡ
ɫӻȥôۼҹˮãѯʵ
ˣסɡƺǺȶ˾ƣмʣĿڵ
ˮһ㹫ӣ΢΢ԥһ£ˮ
Ϊ߻¥ͷƣҲΨһˣˮģһ㲻ΪԷݶǡԷѾﵽ˿߻¥˵ĵز
ˣ΢΢ҡͷˣԼϢһ¾ͺá
֮ٴεΪɱ˭ҲľͼʵҪŮˣĿıҪһµ
˵»㲻ʲôԷʵ˼ֻһšȻں𽿤˵£¾һһˣ
ȻָԷҪ޸
û˿Ȣ𽿤˼˵𽿤ƯˣҲֻΪڷиûеطκˡ
̿ͣǣҲȫġ
ȻǷͲʶ𽿤ҲûǷ𽿤飬ôܣΪǽˣڷ˵ԷҲһŮ˶ѣһøκθ飬ֻαװݵĹߡ
ȴУΪԼѾǷ˺𽿤ܶࡣǽôôˡ
ȻˣôɴԼŪһ̰ɫͷȻĽΪá
Ȼ֮⣬ҲҪԼһڣһԲԼĸۡסĽڡ
ϾⱾαװݣɲܱ֤ͲԼðʱȥԼ
Щ飬Ǽƻõģһһ˿©
΢Щƣ룬ˮķѵЬӣԺɵ˴ϣ˯˹ȥ
ŷƺ˯˹ȥǳǳĺ֮ˮڴ߿ŷ磬ȴǲЩˡ
˭Ů
Ȼ߻¥ַ֮أˮȴҲԼż֮ģϣһ죬ܹӵһԼİ飬ܹһ˸ԼһůĻԼ뿪ֱҵ
ǣһȴͬλһ㣬ңɼ
ǰأԼҪȴǸô
ˮܹ޸ˣֻҪܹõĳ谮Լ뿪Ҳð
̾ϢˮվĬĬ˳ȥһԡ


ڶ ʮ ϻ
ȰòҪҪĻẦ˵ġƿӸŶԷд򿪵˼߶ʱЦ
ʲôһֻô
˶Ϊϻ㡣ֻҪӴκһƤͻһ˳źëڣ֮ڣףһ£߼˵ȻǵؽʵⶾĲô죬մϣ֮󣬱ÿʱÿסƬиҲöɡ
˵ⶾԵؽҲЧжʱ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫûƿȥ
ϷƵĶҩֻӰףЦ͸һ˿⣬˫ָڱ󣬵ڵ
лһ˿޵ɱЦŵлպ˵û鷳֮ɲҪҡ
֮ڣҶ£ʱ˵ͷ漴ڵҵĹز䣬ҪҰæͬҪһۡ
ȻһЦ˵ͷȻˣұȸˡ
Ա㡣ȫû˼ԹԵĴҽ¹ȻĶ
ˣҪҪһɱƣѯʵ
ٶˡһ˿⣬ڵ
黹ûǱ㻹ڵʱ䣬ȵôʲôȻҲûκμֵˡ
ڣٿԷδȻ

ᣬǼһֲأĹĵľ죬СѾͷ޺޵һͤӣŪԼһۣȴԽˡ
Щӣ缸֮ͲڼסҲһֱûаȥ
ˣС࣬ǲȥǡһ𽿤νƲƲ죬ˣûһö
Ȼ·ӣȻȴҲһ΢ᣬ޲ҲСѾͷһʹһٲźá
С㣬ҲȥˡСѾͷСĵѵ
ҲǺˣյĶ˶ţ𽿤Сֹȥ˵ʮŮͱҲ˶أߣ
꣡
𽿤ĻСѾͷڲЦ
С㣬˵Ժ󣬻᲻ҲкöŮˣգ۾СѾͷÿɰС°ʵ
ӣ϶ٲˡûĺһ𽿤ҧгݵ˵϶֮
ףС㣬òҲϲ˰ɣЦĴյ𽿤ߣСѾͷʵ
ޣ˵˵ʲô˼Ȼƣ𽿤϶ʱ΢΢һ죬ͨͨͣȴȻƴ
ôЦź𽿤֣СѾͷСʵҪСҲϲĻǾϰСȻҸСһ޹ȥء
֣ԼϲѵҪСҲϣѾͷָСѾͷԴϵһ£𽿤ûĿڵ
˼Ҳ뿪ССѾͷȴǲģգ۾ЦԴں𽿤ĸ첲ϡ
뿪ңҪҲһ͸ˣ˷ۣ𽿤ֱˣСѾͷʲô߼
ǣСҲϲİΪƲƲ죬СѾͷҿĳģСϲأǲǣ
֣Ҳ˵أ˶㣬𽿤Ըɴˡ

Ѿȫ׼׵Ӳ֪Ҫʱ֣źӣüͷʵ
ɫèڻУСèԴǹһ˿аȵ΢ЦģұļĶ࡭죬ͻӵˡ
һҪüͷַʽǼΪģǰǲöԷСģͳɹĿ
ɲô򵥡΢΢ҡͷЦİɣһգΪµجΡһ˶סҵġ
һȴǼΪмģΪϹɱеʱô֮Ȩָ֮Ϊôοƾֲͷ¶βļһҲӵӵ֮Ȩȵȣ
Ҫʱ䳤ֻҪɱ˷磬Ҳͻͷˡ
ȻЩû˵ġ
Ҿף³ˡ˹֣ЦŹά
㼪ԡĵ˵ͷӺòЦ
ˣϵҵĺϢǣ֮ڣұȡͷһֱèһץƿȻΪһӰȻӡ
תۼ䣬ҹɫʧӰ١


ڶ ʮһ 
ߣ
Ϲò׿ڼңСѾͷ΢΢һϲֻȴȻǹڳһݺյӡһҲȥ
ߣƺЩʧֻǾͷ֪Щʲô·ûзСѾͷһ
ӣȴǶʱСѾͷļһﰡ˼ҵô
СӣյܵߣСѾͷһֱڷǰ
ֻǼˣȴȻûлعһ۾ûգһ¡
ι͵һţСѾͷ̲סڷһ¡
ֱ˿̣Ȼѣعƣ룬С࣬ôˣ
ӣʲôôˣЩ죬춼ǹǲڡ˵СѾͷЩջľ졣
ôǿЦһ£һ֣סӵĶС࣬ȥŪЩԵİɡ
һȣӡʲôȻֻǴҴһƳȻСѾͷԼȴѾ²⵽ʲôԭյɫʱʧӰ٣͸ֻ̿ţҲ΢Щˡ
ûʲôһСܣܸ㿴¶һ˿Цݣҡͷ
ԣǡӣҿСѾͷһţæȥƷĸ첲
С࣡üͷһЩõĿڵ֣ҿɾҪˡ
У㹫ңҲһҪǿҡͷСѾͷִ˷ӣûȫƿֱۣȴȻĿҪĶ
һźɫİд֡
ӣ㡭ôյģСѾͷɫʱĲҰסԴ֮󣬴δκ˴ڣȻµ˷
Цһ£ɿ֣ûʲôôûʲô˵ġ
ôûµģСѾͷʱ㼱ᶼˣȥС㡭ӣȥСɡ
С࣬Ҫ鷳ˣЩӣҵѾˡ΢΢ҡͷңӦġ
еģӣһС಻ˣȥҿ͵ҡͷСѾͷһת㼱Ҵҵȥ
С࡭

ʲô㲻֪ôֳˣһĿǷء
磿ţӲǸողŴϹɱ˵ǿء
ǰǰ˾˭ȻҶԷҲ
¿кϷˣ˵һηܲ׷ɱ
ǿ˵׼֮ǰ֣˿ǶˣЩү˵ʲôָء
ҿԣӣǿǱ׷һһ˵ܹץء
Ҳ֪˭ųϢ̶һϵĹ򣬷յϢ㲻ֶߣΪ˴С˲෹۵Ľ㡣

ӣȥסһЩӰɡŷ磬𽿤˵
΢΢̧ͷ¶һ˿Ц⣬л⣬Ҳӱκˡ
ôӱأɱְͷ¶βģеӣӦֱ㽻ֲǡ˭֪ǻж̫Σˡ𽿤ЩżĽ͵
ûϵģˣϴξͺģһĺúõġ粢ûиı˼ɹȻһЦƽڵ
ôһϴα𣬿ɲǹӰ֮£СѾͷ̲סڵϴ͹֣ûܾôǹӣҲǡ֮еġ
İɣʱҲֻ죬ڿˡҡͷο
ǣʵҲİ֪Ѿף϶аյİ
£è綾ָСѾͷŽ˵ӣûô綾˵ϰߣ϶Ҫ¶ģʤ
ˣС࣬Ѿıġ¶һ˿ᶨ֮ɫڵ
С࣬ߡյĶ˶ţ𽿤ʱСѾͷȥ
л⣬粻м΢΢Ƿлȴվû
С㣬Ҫô죿ӦȰȰӵġ𽿤СѾͷǲĿڵ
ûõġ΢΢ҡͷ𽿤ӺܾǸı䲻˵ġ
ǡǣҲܾͿΣ֮а
ȥҧҧ촽𽿤ڿ˵ȥ˱նɱˡ
ϣСѾͷǰʱһǰԱʵֻҪһ仰ɱʲô˰


ڶ ʮ ۣһ
ա
һ꣬ȻȴܲĳصٴλصСԺȴǲӿһƣС
ܾĻڶ߻صȴúôĲ
ΪʲôһҪǿߣһҪıԵ
ѵ򵥵һ˲ô
лоƣк㣬Զ빴ĶǣԶƴϾʱ㷺۳Σ񱼣ѵô
Щ£ȴ֪˵ЩʲôֻĬĬص˷ķ䡣
硭ԷôĬã𽿤ڵΪˡҡ
⻰˵𽿤Ҳʱһ̣Ȼף˼ȴҲѾ֮ˡ
ָߵ棬̧ͷź𽿤ͻȻЩԿڣƬ̣ȴڻҡҡͷ
ЩǲΪ˭ıģǴ̿͵
еʶʱ·еһȥ
һȣڶԷҪŵ˲䣬ͻȻڵ˵Ļһ£æ

ѽӣ硣Ц󷽴ϵĺɫۣŮЦ
ԭʣôֻǻȴ˻ȥЦİѻˡ
ɤЩɳƣ΢΢̧ͷԸЩŪҾбţñ֪ˡ
ϣ˼סΪ˷ͼŮЦĿڵǽǻŷô
˵ͷĴͳŽӸԷ·ɡ
ǣˮôŷ絽˰֮УŮ̽ʵ
ˣˣҸᳪĹǣ⼸ջҪ͵һЩġҡҡͷ
ϣūҰ͸šЦ˳ȥŮȴһЦλҲǵģȻ
Ů뿪֮һСŵĽӡ

ҹɫ٣ӱèĳ߻¥
Ѿ˵˽Ѳߣһʱʱ䣬һʱ䣬޷֤ܹȫ뿪˵
һʱô㹻ˣǹһ˿Ц⣬ӻڵ
ŷ䡣ڡ
ץèҪצϴ㶾¶һ˿⣬һץèݸ
èצϴ㶾ưһ˿â̲ס̾
һ㣬ɲҪצץж˿ɲҪҡӵƳ˺һ۵
΢΢ҡͷȴ˿Ϊ⣬ֽèЦõؽǿߣǻܱһֻèӵЦ
ƺǱʱЩèЩʪץѾҪڣȴֺܶ
ͳһ˫Ĳ˿״ãӣСĵͳƿϸǩմϻСĵͿĨèצϡ
ӵַǳȣһұ㽫ҩȵĨãץèҡڵ߻¥ȥ
͸һ˿ɱͬĸ˺档
ϣλүĽ֪ǣ
СүǷ緽ӵѣġƲƲ죬ӴֵĿ˵
ѽǷӵѰǿǹͣӽûЦİչŮЦҪȻҴתת
һѽŮɫŮؿץһѣѹŷģǷӷԸҹġ
⻰Ůжʱһ˿ɫЦе˵ԭˣǾλүūɣүǵ˶ʱˡ
ŮӵƨɣɱźɫèЦеĸȥ
һ˳΢һһ²ؼӣ򷢵ʶĹڴ۾ȴһֱŷλá
ʲôˣȥ
ո»ûӣȻ羪ŭŷд˳
飡
ת˲֮䣬ֻһ죬ֲĽȻӿ̼佫ŷ򴩣ʯɽʱ߻¥ˡ
ô£
һʱ䣬˶ЩĪͷӶҪ֪߻¥񣬶Ҳû˵˭ôģţƾǿߵĽ氡
¶̶̲һӵʱ䣬һŭȻһ̣һ죬ȴӵĴȻ顣
һ˲䣬˶ʱŰ俴ȥ׷Ŀģָ֣ԼӰӴԾȥһһͷԵ˵ϣ߿ѪһƵ׹ۿǲˡ
һˣȴǽҹɫʧҹɫ֮С
һӴԾ£Ŀ׹䵽ǡôһۣͬ뽣ӴصϢȫǺϡ
߽ʱȴֻ͸ѪÿһƤѣϸѾʴĲˡ
ϸ۲죬ȻܹԼ֣ϸ첲ϣԼһ˿ϸС˿ڣȻèצµĺۼ
һ˲䣬Ƕʱ¶һ˿ЦȻһ㣬˲Ϣ֮뿪߻¥
ȥҵǸɱ֣ϧһдĨɱ
⻰Ÿ˵꣬ȻоԼԼһʹϵɿġ
һ˲䣬ȴȻһʱӦ˹
жˣ
ģԼôжģ
ʯ䣬Ȼһͷ߻¥֮ǰ龰ٴθͷ
ֻèֻèƺʪġǻ쵰èԼʱ򣬾ѾèĨҩˣ
һ˲䣬жʱһƬȻѵһһʼʹԼҲһɱôһɱ֣úݶ˼ֶΣ


ڶ ʮ ۣ
ˣⶾԺ֣֮΢΢ҡͷ̫ҽʵ
ô֪Цһ£漴͵Ҵ߻¥׷ɱ磬֪ôģ˶
ŶЩֵĿ˺һۣ̫ҽȴЩԺһؽǿߣȻԼôжĶ֪Ҳδ̫˼˰ɡ
ҡЦҡͷٴοڵ
Ƭ̣̫ҽվҡͷǸˣ˶Թ죬Ϸδţǳҩѧʦ֮֡
Ҳⲻˣɫʱ΢΢һЩȻʵ
ǵǡҡҡͷ̫ҽźҩ̫ӣҪƳҩͱһ̽ҩԣԵƳҩ
ֱҪˣλǸʲô˼λǲһ˵ôƽգֻºͷˣֻؾ綾ȴ򲻸ҵ̫ҽġ
ɡ룬̫ҽȽаյĿ˵Ϸȥоҩԣһ̵ʱóҩ
죿ȴǲûһѪѵԼӲ죿
·𿴳˺˼̫ҽҡͷ˵Ҳ̫ģǵؽ׵ʵɹ٣Զ׿ɱȣⶾ֮ңҲɳŹա֮ס൱֧һЩʱա
⻰ֱ޲̫ҽ⻰˵ĵɣжĲ㰡Ƴҩãǵ汻ϵأʱԼɾĲ֪ܻܲˡ
ɫ뿪̫ҽԺʱٴɡ
õҩʱҩЧԷѾ˵ķǳˣһֲ
ҵⶾҩõģҪóҩӦòѲŶԡ
ֻǣΨһǣ뱾ǸӸԼƼġȻܹ뵽Լж֮󣬻ȥⶾл᲻ʲôè壿
תҧҧԸߣȥǸ롣

žž
ĻСԺţȴһӦûУɫʱ֮͸ŷԼܿڵżյ͵ƣҲ谵
飡
ȻֻһСԺȻ˳ȥ
󲽴УȴǶʱ̲סһ
ԭʰĸɾСݣѾŪһƬǽ壬ǽڵϣѪ
ȻһæߵɵԱߣȴ֣Ѿû˺
һ˲䣬ȴǶʱͨйؽڣǺѾƻһУɱ֮󣬾Ȼڵһʱ䣬͸ϵɱɣԼأǶ֮
͸һ˿ɱתȥȻڿ쵽ſڵʱ򣬺ȴȻһ΢Ŀ
һ˲䣬ֱҪΪԼǲþˣȻعͷʱ֣ԭɾȻֻ˹
ȻɫȻ԰ףȴĵȷȷ˹
һ˿ϲ֮ɫʱ̲ס˳
߼ѵ̧ͷ˺һۣ΢ָָ̧Լ䣬Ŀڵҩɫƿš
ɵĻʱϲصɵߣԴһֻɫƿźɫҩ裬ιɷ¡
΢۾Ϣһ£Ȼٴ۾͸һ˿⣬Ȼźҩģ㾹Ȼƭң
΢΢һͣʱЦҵĲԣ̫ˣʵҪɱ̫֮Уò
ˣһֱӴ˺ĻɭȻϷԣһʱ˼裬Ѿɱˡ
ҵĲԣ¡Цһ£ʱ
裿⣬ȴҲʱףոԼ֮ʱΪʲôûкͬһˡ
治ҩѧʦȻܹóĵҩ
£ϷЩ㣬᲻£Цһɺļ
ǲԮֻ֣ҵҲҪˡЦһ£漴ָԼı˵ѵûҲѾ˺жôǡõĶϻ㰡
⣬ݷ΢΢һͣ漴ϸĴһºЦҵ˵ô鵽ˣԭ˶ô
ҡʱһأ
ΣһɭȻԼģ񷴶Լ˶ǱӦ㲻ôǾȥⶾɡ
ǹôҶ˽Ǳ໥֣һĿɣ˵
вңȻһ˿âɭȻϷһˣҲزˣȻϷҲⶾ
ȴôû뵽ϼһӾȻ˸ңһʱȴҲŪ˸ֲ
˲䣬뵽⡣
ǶǱѵҪң䣬𶼱ô
˵⣬ɵɫʱøûиղôˡ
ۼϷæ˵ֻҪңǶƽҿԷģһǻ쵰ͷǰ
аץĬƬ̣Żڵ
Ȼ˽ϣ֪ʵֻҪڱ򣬾;Ѳˡ˵ļΪţظ
ãϷһΣɫɭȻڵǸƭңϷܽⶾȻҲ¶
Ȼһ˿΢ɲɱæӦ
ɳڵ
ҡ¶һ˿ϲɫæݷһߵ
ȡָָԱҲҩɳڵɫǸϻӡ
ϻ͵ǰ׷ʵҩģ
ҩɹȻһЦɰȻϷ룬õĽҩ
˵⣬Ȼ𣬶Էű룬һѧǶ֮ϡ˵ţҲࡣ
ֻҪ˶һʱͻɱƥ򣬾Ȼ¶в
壬ϷҪѨƳڶԡö룬ɳڵ
ź׷ȻöͬʱѨ֮УСָᵯת˲ϵͬʱ΢
һ˲䣬о΢΢һ飬Էʱʹ·֮ʧһ㣬иǷࡣ
Ҳ໰ǲϵСָ룬̶һӶʱ䣬ϱ㲻ð˵ĺѪ
𶯣öѪ˳ëһ˿ɫݷٴν͵
ֻǣ⻰˵껹ûʮӣȻоǰһ󷢺ڣһǿҵľʹȻӿͷ
ǹһ˿⣬̾Ϣ˸㣬ҵǿʹġһãҲʹġ
㣡һ˿Ȼ֮ɫҪŷ֣Ѿû˿ˡ
һ̣ĿڱͬʱѪ˲䵹Уͬ磡ʬһģһƤʼãƬ̼Ҳֱ治ˡ
ӵ룬ֳ˺ӣ˳һĩƤмƬ֮䣬ٴλָ˱
Ѫô򵥵ĵо綾ȻѨ㣬Ĳԩ
ֶ̿ǹ޶ˡ
һʼ˵ںǰѾʼ˲֣˵һbУССɾɱ
ɱۣ׾ٵɱؽǿߣŵǴֶ̿ΰ
̧ͷһ۴⣬Ƕʱһ˿Ц⣬ʱȥˣ𽿤СѾͷҪȼˡ߻¥ȥǸҲǺ𽿤æҵģԼٲֻµҪΪԼء


ڶ ʮ ͣ
ӣ
߶СѾͷϲĺ𽿤ڳװ¶һ˿͵Ц⡣
ƭˣԭ˸޷ŵ飬Ȼıˣңһƺ޷죬ڷϢѾҪˡ
Ǵһ˿Ц⣬ףſڵлˣǿֻӲһ٣ȻѶͿèצ֮ϣʤ
΢΢ҡͷû¾ͺãӲȥһô
ֳôĶҪ˵һ󡣡ɹȻһЦ漴ϴ͵ĲѾʰôһ磬ҰȥǣϾһոΣ
뵽ڶϽͷβŷѶʱһȴͻȻĵʱĺ䶯Ч𽿤̲סһЦ˳
㰡С࣬ߡ
Ц𽿤һСѾͷС˳ȥ
ʱѾЩ̫ˣٲߣЩԷġ

ˣ͵һӣʱվӶǽô̫ҽԺĻţȥʲôУ
⡭Цһ£ǽӶʱ˿ԥ鶼һ飬ȻһЩϸҲǺֻ˵һŶѡ
Ѿ˿Ӱˡ
ʶһϣ˲佫滨ľ˸飬漴Ȼ˵Ҳˣ
ǣۿ߻¥£ѪĲˡǵæشͷѾһ亹
ȥɡЩĻ˻֣ʾǵȥߵڣв͸һ˿âˡ٣ҵǲţɱܳ˲ĵӡ

ˣüͷһŮȺ֮Уֹһ䣬ȴ͸˼ֲ֮⡣
ΪԼʶֶεˣŮȴôŷģԷʲôصҲһ
ǰ˼ԶԶĿ򡰷磡ʬ壬ѾʴĿ峤Ůжʱ¶һ˿Ȼ˵ɫɴȻʧȺ֮С

һ磬ö֮ˮƺ«ҡڵĵ˲ǰ
ţصЩ˼֮ʱǺεȵľһֱͬһ㣬ŵЩûеͷܡ
ƺĺһڣ̲סЦ£ûӰӵģҪϸƣ
Ƿ磬һӴЩˣСĵĴǰ˼ʵ
ٰҪҪû¶ȣһЦɵԾԸϽʰһ£𽿤ӦҲϾҪˡ
⻰ЩڷӦ˹λûһҲ̫˰ɣ
ʣȴ˭ʳġ
ϸȻҲϸ֮簲Ȼ벮𽿤ԵصϢһʱһƬȻ
ҵӵܣ׼һͬأҹ£ȴĬ֮ģûһ̸𣬷·һиͶûзһ
ȻʵҲͲˣ˭ɵӣ糣ֻ֣Ҫ΢һҹΣˡɱǸȻֻһѡ˵˼ôܰһ޷죬Ǿ˼ҵֶˡ
ԴˣħƺҲǴˡ竹˵ǵһĵĺϢˡ
ȻͬʱһϢҲ֮
ϺҲ߻¥ңͬ⵽жڽġҽɼС
ָĲ²ʱ˸ͷֲ嵽һ˵ġһ㣬ȴȫûκʵģǾǣ󣬽ֶһδ
ҲΣ͵֮ʱĲȴǶʱһû뵽͡
һɫȹͷĴڼϣһ˫廨ЬȳƵķ·̳һŮƿɴ˲䣬ʱһƬȻ
ף·ϲĽһ㣬ЦȻĳ˷ǰɫ֮ƺżֵԹκ˷
ӣּˣҪϲɤͬ˴ĵһʵĸо
һʱ䣬е߶䵽˷ϣɻ
һͬӻ߳һŮӣλͷһʱ޶ķʲôĹϵ
Ľ֮ʼ֮ɻ಻
ȻҲΣ𽿤СѾͷһ̵ɫȴԵ쳣ѿģֻǣ˭ʱû˵ֻǾĵŷӦ
Щ˵ʵҲǶ̶̼ӵʱѡ
ŮӣĬƬ̣ɫ¶һ˿ζЦ⣬һơ
룡


ڶ ʮ Ծܾ
ѩЩԼеŮɱ֣Ȼö֮ĳԼǰ
˵羿ʲôٱϣȫû¶˿ۼͬδѣǡ¡
СѾͷҪһʸֳֻȴʵڲʺϵ˵ңӽ֮ѩû뿪磬һֱ΢Цڷݣ·Ǵ˵صŮһ㡣
һֱϦ£ͽɢȥСѾͷץס磬Ŀڣӣ㵥̸̸
ԭСѾͷһֱǽСģȻ˿ȴ·Ϊ˸Էʩѹһ㣬ſھǿ
һɨѩһۣŵ˵ͷź𽿤ķȥ
΢΢Ƿڡ
磬ѵһҪôôŷ磬𽿤ɫ΢ЩȻ˵
ĬƬ̣ȴվδ𻰡
ʲôˣһ˿֮ɫ𽿤ڻǵʵ
һѡĻشܼ򵥣شҲʵڲ֪ӦνͣҪǣҲн͵ıҪ
ֻǡֻô⻰һڣ𽿤ЩˣֻǻȻڣѾûзڵĻˡ
򵥵ĵ˵ͷȻûʲôʾ
С࣬ߣĿ˷һۣ𽿤ʱ㵭ˣӡ
ſڣȴڻʲôû˵𽿤˼ףҲ֪˵ܺԷġǣǲҪĽҲ봫ݸ𽿤κδźš
ôǵĺ֪ôȵ𽿤СѾͷ뿪ѩٴδ˹ЦȻ
Ҫһɡüͷûһ£ƽڡ
˼ðΣ㣬һ㲻ûϲôգ۾ѩЦʵ
Ͳɱ㣿ǺЦȻȴ͸һĨɭȻɱ
ô
΢粢Ϊشָֻȴ䵽ˮϡ
ˣˣ˼Ƿġûķ˷ۣѩɫϢһãһһ
ɹȻһЦʼѾùˣʲô°ɡ
һϹɱŶҡڱ򣡡ѩϵЦݷǳãһֻСꡣ
һ˲䣬ͫȻһסѩ
ò˵Ϣ̫ջˣ֪ܻ壬Ҳ̹Ȼ֮
ڻӭ˼ôѩյĶߣЦ
û˸߹㡭תһ˲䣬ȻһֱӽѩԼĿһ𣬡ƯŮˣ̫ǺΣյġ
ѩȻЦ·˿Ͳ뷽ܵĽӴ
ѵ㲻֪Ů˵ͬӵмջôڷļϣ͸һɵ㣬ջ
Իɢζٶڡ͸һ˿⣬絭ڣ˿Ϊ
΢΢һ漴ѩ̲סЦᣬʲôԻɢ˼ϵζ㲻ϲô
˵˵ɡ͸һ˿ɫ绺ڣϹɱô׵õģûԼ
ܼ򵥰ֻҪӦɱˣϾͿԸ㡣
ҴӦˣô
ֻҪӦһɱˣ˼Ȼš۾ûգһ£ѩ㾶Իش
Ȼµ㶾µƣ¶һ˿֮ɫ絭ڵ
ô˵ǲˣ
Ҫҵɣĳ뻹ʼ磬νĻش
ټأѩڷϻЦĿڵֻҪӦ˼ҾͿŮˣңɱԺȻҵģʱ˼ҶģĻҪô
͸һ˿Ȼ֮ɫѩջ㱾޸ÿ˵ɫСЩ尵㡭ǣǸһɱˣǾ֮ܵԴ鵤ǹ⡣
ң˼ҿʱŶѵ˼һûǸƯôƤͷѩЦ⣬˳ưٴϴ˴գڣ빻ô
һ̣ǷҲĬ
޿ɷϣʵӵ̫ջˡɱ˼ǣҲϾӵڶǿߵȻĶ棬ҲԶȷ縡Ƽöˡ
ȨƣŮϹɱֻҪͷӵС
ջܹܾô


ڶ ʮ Ϣ
ǮȨƣŮ
Щջ˵Ծܾջ󣬵Ƕڷ˵ȴֻһЦ
̿ͣͲܹӰġ
ڴ̿˵ܹıģֻе
ΪЩͷɣҲ͸ӵд̿ƺˡ
ˣ˵˵Ϣˡɫ䣬ƺȫûиоŮڻ壬侲ʯͷ
ᣬ˼Ҷ˵ôһĲֵôС죬ҧѩ¶һ˿֮ɫ˷һ۵
ˣˡۼ粢ûд˼ѩЦȥǸϹɱַҡ˺ܶܡ
üͷ΢΢һʱѩ˼һƬϹɱַ˺ܶԵ⡣
ѪػΪˮػɱ飬ЩһۿɼϤϹɱˣһ۾ܿ⡣
ϧǰһЩӴϹɱ󣬱ҪջϵĴУգ㽫ִȻѩһ仰ӡ֤˷롣
ϧӣʲôͷüͷ粻ʵ
ף㾹Ȼ֪ôѩЩ죬Ҳ˹籾ûʲôǰʵȻӴһ棬ϧӳħħ״ӣ֮ǰ۷Ϊ̤뽭ݺ޵Уţ֮ǰһٶɹ٣̤˵ؽ֮λ
ؽô΢΢һȴǰԼ֡
ֶ֪β֮ʱҿ⣬Խս˵ʲôֻǣϧӿɲһ¶һ˿Ц⣬ѩż͵ħ״ӣ׳뽭֮ʱնɱؽǿߣС
Ȼˣ㻹αҽɱˣüͷ΢粻ɫĿڵ
ֻҪɱˣ˼Ȼа취㵲ϧӡĹؼʲôϢϢģ˵ˣʵϣвѡ
еһУΧƵĶһģǾǱƷɱˡ
νʼ磬һ˿âĿѩϢѾ˵ˣôǲӦøһɱˣ
ûʲôȻ򵥵һ仰ѩ˵ȴ̫ѹˣת˲֮䣬ѩɫȻˡ
˼ҿǺ㴫ϢİѵҪɱôգ۾ѩֻû
ϢѾôЦ⣬ȴ˿Ϊѩ״ˮϣֻҪһ䣬ɾɱ
ǵŶ˵˵˼ŶɱңҪɱ֮
΢΢һ㻹ʮʱɡ
ᣬ˼Ҳˡ͸һ˿⣬ѩڷļϵȻ֮䣬ȫͬʱɳϰö
˽ľ֮£޿ɱܣͷŸո𣬰Ѿ
־
˲䣬ȻһӰ˲Ϣѩտտܿ˰Ĺ
˽ľ֮£ǷҲò˱ܣȻܹɱѩҲͬᱻɱҪ֪ɲʲôͨ׸ִģ㰤ϼ£֮ݡ
ӼȻӭ˼ҿɾҪءЦȥЦ֮ԶԶ
͡˫ıǰ絹Ҳûе׷ɱ˼ԼĲסһʹֱϾӡ
Ҫǣ粻ŶԷû˿׼Լһȵ̫δ¶ԷҿܻԼ鷳
οѩû˵ѵĻôԼҪӦľǸϧˡ

ôû׷ôڷĲⲻԶԣ΢΢üͷʵ
ǳֻ̽һ£һ˳ˡ˵ͷѩش
ˣҲ֣߰ɡ΢΢ҡͷԾȴҲ¡
ϢѾȫˣӽѩЩεĽ͵
޷ܻŲסʱǼʩѹǡɫȻƽ֮СָԸȥ󣡡
Ҫȥ󣿡ѩɫ΢΢һ䣬漴ʦǵվͬǡֻµʱҲδܰȫ뿪ˡ
ҼȻȥȻаܹȫˡΪĿѩһۣסˣڵݲֹɱ˵ĵӣƵͽܡ
ǣʦĬĬͷѩ漴ɵ


ڶ ʮ 
£
鷿ʱ򣬱˭ģֻǽվǲͬġ
΢һ£ַеɡ
ϣ΢֣йڣҲףԿһѯǷҪ磿
΢΢һףԷǵõ˷ɱյȷ֤ˡ
һ£ҡͷ̸ϱֻǵֶмֺøУԼĥѡ
Ȼˣ׼ɱӡһǷ
һɡĿȻƽ֮˿
ӰɢЯΪ֤ϹɱΪɱɴĿڣȻֻһ仰ȻзȴѾ㹻ˡ
Ӱɢˣ͸һĨâɭȻڵ
δʵо٣Թ֣ʤϡ˵ͷҲڵ
Ӱɢ˱аˣ˵Ϲɱֻʵǿ˫Ȼв٣ȴҲȻңڡ
ңӰɢаȴΪŵڶԣ⻰ȻӰɢ˵ģôѾҪκ֤ˡ
֪ˡƬ̣ڻ˵ͷ
ȻûȷĴ𸴣ʵϣȴҲѾĬˡ
նڽҪԲԶ̳˱ɱûȷ֤ݣҲͰˣȻѾ֤ݣҽԳ棬ǱҲˡ
ȻҲΪ粢ûʲôϵĻǱһˡ
ףȵĲ˭ȭͷ˶ѡ

䣡
ƿգԶԶһָĴűʱն飬Ȼ
ͻȻıȴǶʱΧһ˵ķȥ
ǲҾ˵λͷһʱ޶ķĸۡ˭ôĵӣ컯֮£Ȼ͸ôŵĴ
Ȼм۽ȽϹģڿ֮󣬶ʱһʵʵͷٲҶ˵һ֡
ЦǰλȻǽ򣬶ǾԵǿߡǿߣѾ׵ܹԼˡ
ܲδ֣ȻֻǷƣѹ˴ˣֶΣǲϵе·ʵġ
ת˲֮䣬һ·ƿһ谭ֱӴԺ
ºˣ
ƽվԺУᰴˮڣ޾⡣
ĵ˵ͷȡģȴҲòϣԶиĶࡣ
ĵӣǳԽ󣬱Ȼĵӣɴ˿̣ȴעһ֮ˡ
˽̧ͷڣֻһ䣬գǲɱģ
ȻֻǼ򵥵һ仰Ȼ䵽еʱȴ·ͬҵĺ֮£˿˵ѵ·Էܵһ㣬ֻܷ׹ݡ
ֲѹͬˮһϮκȻ£˵ǿڷˣҪվŶһ
ǿߣһθоԭǿ߿Կֲ˵ز
Էʯ־һ̣ȻҲЩƲסԼ壬Ҫˡ
ۣ
һҧ⣬һѪʹ˲䣬־أжʱһɱ
˲䣬ǳ˰ԵɱɱֺȻԣԷƿӲŷԭѾ΢ٴվıֱ
ɱɱɱɱɱɱɱ
ɱ֮⣬ֱ¾ǺεȾˣɱն죬¶Ȫ֮䣬޲ɱ֮ˣ޲֮йη壿
̳ɱɱ䣬ʵ¾ĸˣɱİԵܹԼĴ¹
һ˲䣬ɱȻΪһɿֲĽӮϣĽԶ޷ԷҲδй벽ȴ
ؽȻǳ̲ҲδʧȥǷݰ
ڷ˵Ҳһ
Ƿݽκı¹ݣԼʵԶԷҲͬУ
ף
һ˿ɫĿʱ˼أԼϵǺεȿֲԶκ˶Ȼջŵʱ£Ҳ˿ķͷŵ˵ǵؽǿߣҲûǿѹ֮ͷ
ǣǰֻ꣬ǳ׵ʵȻҷʱסԼѹȡѾ־ܹݵˡ
һ̣ǽҲһ˿֮նɱֻҲҪ֮뽣ͷˡ
ϧ˿ֵ̣ǿҲվԸı
һ֮䣬̤һϵȻٴΰθߣԼ͸һ⣬ݿ㽫͸һɱʵķ飡


ڶ ʮ ۣ䣡
ۣ
磬֮伸ʵʣֱӽв͵ɱ飬һѪ˽˳岽ڵӡȻˣҲȻӲûй򵹡

֮ƣڰνɱһ
ɱ
ɱ䣬һʽ
Ȼӿбһɱ֣ϵɱʱһʽɱһɨƣٴԷʵԿ
õȻһ˿âٴ̤һĽ·Ҫ˺ѿռһ㣬ƿ֮һʽȻӲѹס޷֡
һϰĴڣȻҲҶԼֱ
ݣ˵ˣһЩո̤׵ǿߣҲûǸ
˴˿̣Ҳһ˿⣬һ׵СӣȻһ٣ٶսԼϣĪǵΪǿܲײ˲ɣ
ȻΡΪΪǡԻȻڤ
ϵǣ㽣ٴνԼܻһ˿Ȼûѹ磬˷еİ⣬һεսȻ
һһĴӿʫ䣬Ҳͬܵʫ䵱ǹɺȻļһ㣬Ӳͦš
裡
һ˲䣬·֮ΪĿ¶⣬ܻء
·ģͥʱ˼һһ࣡
Ż£·Ȼصһ㣬ոձѹƵİʽʱͷŶ
ѪɫɱȻڿгͣΪһɿֲĽƿն
䣡
΢һָ̧֣һ㣬Ľʱͬµıѩɿڣһ˿½Ƕûܴ
Ȼһڽ𺳣ȴһƽؾף
ֱ˿벻ףһʲô֧һ׵СӣԼƵĽӲնһ
Ȼǿǣһ̺֮ȴǾ춯
Կ϶ضԼ޷һ㣬Ǻεȵľװ
Ӳ
һ̣ףΪʲôǰòСС
һãƾһ԰ˣ͸һâȴǶʱһֲƣһն˽ʩѹҲˡ
ȻϣȴòϣҪ·磬ҲԶˡ
ָΪûоĽûк˵ķֻ֮Ǽ򵥵һָͬؽ޿ɱܡ
ͨ˹ս޷һָ֮п˿Ǳִڣܷ֣һָȻת֮⡣
һ̣ʱ·ͣһ㣬ӷɿĻطųңΪǿһĻ
һָȻ֮֮ͬ
֮ƿأһ䣬أ˵ǶˣһСָ

һ̣·ֻص˵ڷɽϿһ֣غĵʱһƬʱţ˼άҲֹͬͣת
ضתĺɴ
һ˵ȻʵϣȴҲ˲Ϣ֮䡣
Ȼ֪˿̷Ȼ˺ε״ֻΪǱһɵ˶ѡ
Ϣ֮䣬һָȻ䣡

һָͿҪ㵽ϵ˲䣬ͻȻҲζеˮ㾫׼ӭ˽ĵһָ
һȴ·𰵺ԽʵȻҲ޷һĵϣͺ񷽴˹ʺһ㣬պðѽյָ⡣
һ죬ˮ˵Ҳסǿһ֮ÿһеˮȻϳأͬʱȻ׷ɳȥڿһѪ˲ҵӵǽ֮ϣӲǽڴ͸䵽ϡ
һ񣬽ϸһ·ոһȴվ⣬΢΢ҡҡͷֱ˼̾Ϣһ
Լκ˶һȻû̵ɱȻȴҲԽ֮ˣˡ
ŵȻҪԼزˣʵҲһ¡
ˣؽڿնĹǰԾɡ
ֻǣͷû£ֻǽڵķ֮У羹ȻٴλվҲҲȻȴȻͦıֱһ˫۾֮УҲȻû˿η
ǸҵȻûϣȥ͸һ˿֮ɫȻڣţȱⲻ𣬽۸ղ᣿ҷ߳жأηˣ
ݺپ̿͵Ҳδй
Է鷢Ҳִ̫٣ѾûӦĻˣȻǷڴ̿͵ĽȴԲаȴ
ۣ䣡


ڶ ʮ ˷
ã
վڵжԵҲĵһĨ֮̾⣬־ҲѾмˣ룬Ȼıֳ
ϹȻ۹⣬һһˣ֮⣬ʵڲڶ֮롣һ£̾Ϣ㣬Ҳÿնðˡ
ʱܹص֮ǰ²취ѷҲ뽣󣬱ֱӲΪ·ˡ
粻һڸвϣֻǣȻɣҲø֪еϣҲϵġƽĿŽڵ
һ̣еѾſûеʧʤҲûм㡣
ھԵǰκεĻɶ̣һ˿
ҲûкڣûȥʣΪʲôͻȻ
ЩѾҪˣ
̿ͣ͸ο籾Ѿһˣη塣
˵ʲôܸıҵ־ͣҲҪɱ㡣Ҳû˿Σ峺֮
ȻһЦ΢΢ʼ磬ȥǵѪҲûдִУ
⻰һΧʱһƬȻЩĵӣһ̣Ҳڷһ˿⡣
Ҫ֪˿̷ԵĿǽǿߣ׵ʵһ֮еɫ̹ȻҪ֮һսҪεȵ־
Ŀ΢΢һЦãһִУ
ҪϣҸ㣡һս֮ұغᣡ
һ̣˷磬Էֻһ׵СӣҲͬõ㹻ϡշǰ¹֮ԣȴҲˡ
һ˲䣬սʱٴȼֲУȴȻסذס
ȻҲƴһȼųѤһ档
ο˿ֲ̣ʵҲûóۣ
Ϲɱػɱ֮ƽ޷ãĵͷϧһд۵Ĵ߶ΪۣͬԽ֮ȫͷų
ֲֿ㲻նɱִ֮ʩչҲԴˡ
ΪɾɱǴ̿͵ô
ǹһ˿΢Ц˲Էɽطȼ֮
˷ħؼ䣬оң޾񲡣һӣ£ǧΨҾƽɡ
ڷ׼ɱ˲䣬֮УȴȻһˬʵЦԼϤʫ䡣
ƽɣ
˲䣬ȻӦ˹ʶ̧ͷֻݵ̤ų˷Ȼžƺ«Ц⡣
һ˲䣬ͫȻһ˿ԥָΪٴ򷽴ȥ
һοɲ֮ͬǰ⣬ȫ֣
ۣҵ棬ȻҲףɫǰһЦȻһ㣬ڿУ̤ŵĳȻΪһ磬·˲䴩Խʱһ㣬Ӳһָ֮ǰ˷ǰָһ
䣡
һ죬ɶأͬʱҲһƺߣһ˳
˵ĹǳȻ˾ңӵĽ£ת֮䣬Ȼ䵽˷뽣֮䡣
һһھ¶ǣݵ˵Լ겻㵹ԽԽгϢˣһ׵С֣ô硣
΢΢һͣȴҲһʲôɣݣԳֶԷվЩˡ
ȻʵϣһʼҲǸûдֵģֻѹ磬ؽöѡ
ϲռ壬һѶ֣ƺҲÿɣһ۵ڵ
֮ǰңҲֹͷо·磬ֻǣոһȴȻ˿ռİ壬ܹԴԽʱյľٶ
磬һۣѾжϳԷľˡ
ķ˸ۣңӵЦүʲôþͬ⣿
һ仰ȴǲûһʱûȻһۿħģȴǴġ
ɱҵΨһӣȻõȷ֤ݣѵҪұ𲻳ɣ
֤ݣƨ֤ݣóõүҿûķ˷ۣңһ仰͸˻ȥ
Ӱɢ֤ѵ֤ݣǿŭʵ
ӰɢˣмĴӱǿ׺һңڵƫҪ˵ǷƨǵӲǷɱ㣬㲻֤ݣ
㣡ȫû뵽ңӾȻĻشȴǲûѪҪ
ߣ㵹Ǹ˵˵ˣĪӰɢ˵Ļǽɣү˵Ƿƨһ˲䣬ңӵȻ͸һĨɭȻɱ
Ȼаѣ⻰ȴǾԲ˵ڵġ
Ӱɢ˵ӣ˿տڰ׻ܹĨɱġӣٴοڵ
ôӰɢ˵ӱҵĵӸ߹󲻳ɣ
㻹Ҫ˵ʲôһ˲䣬ۻΪ֮һͣ漴¶һ˿˼ɫٴ׷ʵո˵ʲô
ˣûĺһң漴ڵ˵ҵӣѵ⣿ãүոͽܻ룿



ڶ ʮ ʦңӣ
֣ĪҪ̫Ȼ֪νӵĻʱģ£ȴǸûȥġ
̫㻹ǲŵүҵĻǰɣ۾һбңӿ򷽴Сӣ㣬ԸΪʦ
΢΢һû˿ԥæǰ񣬡ʦϣܵһݡ
ȻЩִȴɵӣңķʽΪԼΧԼپܾǾǵңӵԼȥˡ
ο£ңܹŽѹֽķʽԼܹж
Сǹ¶ڸĸûӡʦ׽ˡ
Ǻεȵɱ¾¶ڷУɽǸ챧žƺͷҲȻůĵط
˿̣ңҲ΢ڷϣߵһ˿϶
ãͽܣһ̧һ֮ὫңӶʱ̲סЦۣ㻹ʲô˵
˭û뵽ңӾȻʦһ
˵֮ǰң˵ͽֻǿտڰ׻ΪΪţô˿̷һݣȴǳ׽һɻĨȥˡ𣬷ǾңΨһĵӣһ˭Ҳ޷ˡ
ֶֺΡҧƺһһ䵭ȻǵֵҲɱҽ̳˰ɣ
⻰ﲻĵӣǽ̳ˣ͵ǽˡ
ƾһǾңӵĶ֣ǣΪƾǱֻҲù˼ɼ֡
˼ǣɱӦõģ㲻ܻ֣۾ûգһ£ңӱЦſڵ
⻰ȻЩȴƫƫµ۲֪˵Щʲô
ʱֻзǲ֪ǣȴˣһҧȶֵĻҲ޶֤ô˵ҲǳƤѡ
Ƿ绹֮ǰǸûκαСȻ޷ǣȻʦңӣǱ㲻һ仰ܹҧˡ
ʵҽļ̳ˣȴȻģѵֲøҸ
Ҳֻ˵Ӽˣùûң̱㶥˻ȥôСУϵľ͵ϼһһǡ
ǽģǱ㽲ˣ˭ȭͷӲ˭
ңӣĪǵΪ㣿һ٣ٶıƣҲˣΪ˱ӣҲѾܴˣһֱս
²£Ҫ֪Ľƺ«¹һ䣬ңӶʱЦ
磬ɸһսۿߴսһһӶʱվ˳Сһ£Сһһս¾ʹգΣ
۵ݲͬңӴȻǾ춯صĴսңʵ˭ףλӴ
սܣǶһĴĺ˭ܹеġ
ô㵹䡣ɹȻһЦң漴Ц㽣ĵӵǴḷ́Եؽ׵ʵսף˵ֱ׳
ްѵʹĲ죿ؽ׵ս粻УѵǿӲҪսˣ
Ȼ⻰û˵ģҲֻһ
ҵúеˡ͸һ˿â漴ڵһս۽Σ¾ʹգ򣬱ǵ˵ãҽҲһ
ввҪ֪׸ֿҲ֪һЩ̫ϳʵ֮ͬ£ƴƣҲδؾңӡ
вˣ¶һ˿⣬ң漴Цǰ֮ǰү˼㼸֣㽣־үҲһˣеӲԵүܲܽ㽣𡣡
һȴ˵ɱȻһɿ֮չֵ쾡¡
һһս⻰򣬿Ҳ;ңӸ˵˰Ե
ãããŭЦȻȻˣüʶһµͨҿνҽ𡣡
⣬ڻվ˳µӷͣοǵǳɵһɡ
΢΢Ƿ峺Էǵؽ׸֣ԼҲδûһս֮
̿͵ݲܱ¶˵ع⣬鷳ǵƼˣǿһ˿۵Ҳδر㲻նɱԷ
СӣϵҵͽܡĹһЦң͸һ˿֮ɫȻһƽӹĴѣȻеؽ׵ʵҲûʲôµġ
⻰ȴǲǽƽӹĴðɣԼʵ治ãһֱ޵ʮ̤ؽףؽ׵ʵȴܲǼٵİɣһ׵Сӻֵ
ۿǰ˼ңȴǶʱס˷磬ЦСӣҹ㽣гΣұ㴫һ׽δر㲻ն
⻰һ˶ʱһƬȻǿǵؽװѵƾһ׽תҲ̫Ц˰ɣοһֽҪģѵܿһѧ᣿
ĪңҲ˲ɣ


ڶ ʮһ ս
Цһ漴ˣ˳ȥõֺúôڵӡ
ǵأüëңҡͷ̰ɣ㽣ЩҲ͵ѧȥ
⻰˵ļ͸İܰѪҲ̫˰ɣ
սҲͰˣȻҪ˵ֱ̣˿˷ġ
ǸӣǱĻЩûιȥ۾סңӡ
ȴǰԷݣһҪѾ׽ѧᣬȻ뷽ĶԾ֮У׽ܣݺھһơ
Ҳδ㣬ңԹԵĴ¾ƺ«һڣת򷽴Сӣϸˡ
µ˲䣬ңӱϵĳȻɳһ֣ץУң΢΢ͬһ㣬ߣ
ңӵĶ죬ǰһнδϣֱӱֱһУת˲֮䣬Ӱ̻̣ʵһЩѾңӵĶֻһƬӰͬˮкذתɷǺÿ
ûǿֲǺÿ·һ׽ͲɱУݵĽһ㡣
һȴǶʱΧ˶ɵˣʲôȱ˵ַܲӦٶȣܣĽѧ轣ô
һ˵ʵϣҲǶ̶̲ӵʱ䣬ѣһУͬ뱳Ͻ֮С
ңϾžƺ«еĺȾơ
Ա˿һͿңҲȫ⣬ֻЦĿ򷽴磬˵
ʵϣҲû˵˼·ûʶңѾʾ˽һ㣬ͷǺˮ
һﲻǿɵ˰ɣ㿴ǴͷԵӡ
Ҫ˵ҲҲ÷磬ոǴڽˡ
٣ҵ뿴һһʲôѧʱ˼ҵİڡ
ΧЩ֮ȻңӶģֻңȴҲȻûаӣЩڳ̵ĺһЦ⡣
ӵʱ䣬ͷĺڲʣҲָ·Ѿعһ
ֻǻûֻֻ۾һ붨ӡ
΢΢ףңҲżԹԵĺžƣȻ
ʱһţ֪ʮӹȥ۾ĳһ
ôǴһ˿Ц⣬ңſʵ
ɵӡҡҡͷʵʵĻش
ãǱٿһΡҲ⣬ңһžƺ«һ̤ϵĳٴԾС
һΣңӵĶȴǼÿһֽ˿һһʽʾװס
ȻȻȴ·͸һݵϣ˵⡣
һ˲ϸĹ۲֮ǰֿĶǿٶȣȴѧķǳ׵ģֻҪ΢һЩȫȴҲѡ
УǴף򵥵ܼסֻǣһ׽ƺҲûʲôڵĵط
ܹң֮ǰֳٶȣûκв԰
Ψңһ׽л¶һ˿֮⣬ɫӵĿ򷽴硣
һΣңһ׽ȴʾ˽ʮӣȻս
һΣ˼֣
Ĳ֮ͬɫ˰죬Żҡͷֻˡ
һΧȴǶʱ̲סЦмĵӸЩûЦش
⣬أôĶǽͨӣһҲܼǸ߰˰˰΢ϻһЩģȫס
̫Цˣôģȴû뵽ȻôһͽܣǴӴһˣҲǿ
ǰǰոջǵأξȻֻˣӼֱιˡ
Χ䳰ȷϣңȴ·ѹûһüͷûһ¡
ãΪʦٸʾһ顣Ҳ໰ңӽȻһ㣬ȻԾУеľƺ«Ҳͬʱ߸ߵ
һңӷ·ѾʧȥڵȤȣȻڿʮӰӰǵض£·һ˲гɰǧѽ趯Ȼû˿͸ȻȴһεѹȸУ·ԼҲͬڽӰ֮һ
ʵһЩѾ̲סϵȫ˳ٴеӣͷȫ亹
Ϣңӱٴԭأһ֣ոմӿµľƺ«ӹĺһڣŹһ䡣
أ
˫ֱأ˲ӣȦ¹Ц⣬лʦָ㣬һҲǲˡ
ۣ
һΣȴǶʱ̲ס˳Цľûˡ
ȥΪʦǴ˰ɡĵ˵ͷңжʱһ˿ɫЦָŶǽĵ˵
΢΢ǷеĶϽǽȥ
ƾһɶˣȻеӹ֡
ұ죡⣬۶ʱ̲סƺһɭȻǳ
ΪǵĴۼֱ޲ðȫһźá
Ҳ֪˭Ĵ


ڶ ʮ ⣡
Ͻ
˿̵˵Ǽģһŭ⣬»治м˰̲ˡ
սؽףѾǽˣοһﻹǸոձˣϳء״£˻Ӯô
ʵϣ۵ĺǳ⣬ҲȻǲ⣬羿ôøովңӴڵһףԼ˵Ѿȫ˵ĽԵС
ǹһ˿Ц⣬ûѧңһˣᣬֻƽĳŶϽ΢΢
װŪһǽڻ̲סȳ֣һ̷ֱüġ
˫ѩܽء
һ²΢΢һжϽһɵĽԷֱĳƫһ̤Ͻ˳ƶɵնԷ

һȻǽȴѹͲĽƣؽ׵ȻӲѹŷն䡣
ءڲɳ塣
ȻΪһӰʧԭأת֮䣬Žÿһ㾡ԲͬȻƫƫÿһ䵽Էλã򵥵ľŴǣȴǶʱֲһٴƫ
ͲǸոһ׽Ȼصңһ׽ǽյ
⼸һ׽ɣûһаʽһģ˺ܾõĹ߿ա
ҲϽһתһ¡
һȥϻɳʧӡ
ʫϣϵĽȴǰ㲻ֻȴƮƮģ·һ㣬ƣǺߵĿҲ⼸Ķࡣ
ȻƮƮ̳ļǽ˵ȴ·ħһ㣬ÿһƵֻ֮һ㣬ҲԱƵǿбУ޷ѽꡣ
ֱĸоֱݣһĴʿǧĴڿдһ㣬ǻȴƫƫʹ
쵰ҽ棬زصʲô
΢΢ҡͷͬһ㣬־ļ٣ƮʱʱĴĳһǶȵһƵöԷӦ䣬Ȼ˫ʧ
ѵͲͷŽôǵӱˣת̲סָ
ӵгϢǼңҲֻžƺ«Цļ
ƺһȴѹͲ⻰磬·ûһ㡣
Եؽ׵ʵףȻѹƵֵزֱѾǶ˶ˡ
ֻǣ˿ף۵ʵȴǿģѾʲôˣĳΡ
ʵϣңӴڵҲͲʲôһֽ⣬ݷ籾ص㣬ָһֽ⡣
ϣ֮ĶǸ޷ʽڵģǣңȴƫƫһνĽ֮дڶ
ⲢֱӵԴ̣һֽķʽȻӱϿһ׽ƽƽ棬һн⣬о
һ鿴ֻԼиܵ˽⣬ȴƺ䷨ȴȻǽռݣ׷Ѱһ⡣
ץסһ⣬Ŀ룬΢һ˿̣ʶǵɡ
֮ңӵڶηʾʱ򣬷עѾЩУңÿһ֮͸ϣЩڣǽľ衣
ˣѾ΢ץס˽񣬹ʶһЩС
һΣԹȵٶ㣬Ϣ֮İһ׽ʾʵϣչʾڷ²ĥӡ
ʱ򣬷˽⣬ȫ䵽˶ڽϣȻҲǲʽˡ
ڼ䣬Ȼ뵽ǰһС˵֮У̫龰
ȻС˵֮ԣȻʵϣĴȴ֮ͬԾıС˵еĸƵķӦ
ȵ׹ʱȴǲһ˿ȤζɴϾңӣŰС˵еĶԻѧ˸ʮʮ
ֻһĶ԰׺磬װB˶ѡ
Ȼңܹϣ˷⣬Ҳżɺϵĳɷˡ
ȻǽĴڣǰȻҲǲܳ龰ġ
ֵʱ򣬷ȴͲԷɱǽո˳εĽѡ
ʫʲôģֻΪҶԷѣûκʵ塣
ƴɱʵõķʽ֮սΣУ⣬֮γԼĽ⣬ǷҪġ
ò˵ǸҲǼΪϵģʮһȴ÷ѾңӴڵĽ⡣
Ҳ򿴳һ㣬۲̲סѣԸԼĵͬˣһȥˡ


ڶ ʮ 
ݺᣡ
ǽҲǱ类ͷˣټܵңӵӰ죬ҪĿƷĽúóһڶ
ۼƲԣ۵ѣʱԥٸȽˣһתֽؽ׵ʵȫֲĽϯ־ǷΧɱˡ
ò˵۵뷨ǺõģϧȴվЩСƷˡ
һ򣬿·ûлȥ⣬˵һӮٻ쳣Ҫ¶ٵ
ֻǣڣȴѾˡ
ֳֶϽȻһ壬ͬڵɳһĽʵΪһ㣬콣λն䡣
ûʲôĴУҲûйĽǶȣȻ⿴ɵϰһͷײ뽣Уȴ·һ㣬һ֮ӲԷý֯Ĵ˺ݺݵȥ

һײ֮Ȼǽȴǲһ˳߰˲ȥ콣˲ɢ롣
ֱ˿̣Ҳ벻ͨԷΪʲôܹ׾ٵͻƽķǡԼ֮¹
ĹֱǷ˼ʵϣŵؽ׵ʵʶԶԶ磬ոһɾͲ˼ܹˡ
⣡
ɫ쳣ѿɨңһۣȴվûٶ˵ȥ
Ѿһٸ߹츳ˣҲ˵Լһ׵СӣȻܹô̵ʱ֮͸⣬γԼĽ⡣
ֱģҪ֪ǵؽ׵ĵӣҲܹģˣһֱؽ۷壬ʲôǽ⣬ԼĽˡ
˭ţһ׵СӣȻܹγɽ⣿
Уңӣô͸ôʮִķʽڸ⣿
ȻĻǼʣĵӣֱţܹڽ󣬼ʱգȻĴڰ
Ҳ룬ǱߵսûƬͣ͵ġ
һ֣磬Է˿ӦĻᣬ಻ͬ£һڶԷƵ㣬һʮལֱӽǽѹȥӲһĽͷŲ
࣡
ռ֣·뺣һ㣬һһԽԽˬ죬ڽҲԽ̡
ʵ˵ˣǶڽļ򻯣󽫽Եһ汬
һ˵Ȼ֮һ˽ǿߣ̫ˡ
ŵ˵һռ֣ĽǿߣܹӲѹƶԷôûͷŵĻᡣ
ȻҲǴ֮УʵУܹˣҲѾǵؽжǿˣǵȴҪԸⶼûˣֱˣﻹҪô鷳
񷽴ǿŵһھ˽ãӲལѹƵǽӺ޻֮
ʵʵڸ̫߳࣬Ѿ֪˶ٴˡ

ӺзһЪ˹ŭǽȴѾӲƷˣѾһУƴؿڰ˷һһѪϧĸƴˡ
Ѫɷ
ȻһѪǽȻһѪˣ͸һ˿Ұް׹⣬˱һѪɫĽɷ֣·˶һޱȵı

һ̣¶һ˿֮ɫ
һͷ磬һܹĸ֣Сģ֮ΪС
ȻʱķҲֻǺʵԶ޷ȣͷĻȴμеġ
һͷǸ֪ʵǳļһ⣬粢ûܹĸ֡
˿̣⽣ƴ֮£ȴӲһ㣬ʱ÷һݣĶס˶Է
ʵϣͬʱңҲͬʱ¶һ˿֮ɫעתߡ
٣ʵǶϾҲܹ޿תӮˡۿǽӣңӵԼ
㹻ˣ͸һ˿âۻڵƴյĵӣҲ㡣
˵⣬ңӵжʱ͸һĨ޷εɱϳһʱܺȻַһ
ô䲻ôһʹ죬ЦżģȻ㣬סһʱƬ̵ı»еġⳡս֮ǰ棡
һ˲䣬ңӵ϶ʱһĨ콣⣬һһٵĿۿڵҷģɣұؽ㽣𣬼Ȯ


ڶ ʮ ԣһ

ǽԼ͸һѪӰһѪ˲佫ΧĿռ䳹Ͻȫն£
ԻѪΪ۳Ϊһ
ɱ
͸һ˿֮⣬жϽȻӿбһɱ֣һ˲䣬ֲɱ˲ͬа۳ΣڿΪһѪɫɱ֡
ɱ䣬һʽ
֮ǰ߶ֵزѾǼˣȻ˿ȴǲͬ
˽⣬ȻȻıܵɱ䵱ŨصĽ⣬Ǿɱ⣬ɱ䵱ͬпֲĽ⣬ֻе߽ϵʱ򣬲ܴ߶ɱ䡣
ɲͬڷ֮ǰңӵĽĽ⣬ɱ䵱еĽ⡣
򵥵˵һɽͲڷģ¾ģǷһʼľɽ⣬򣬸Ͳ۳ͬĽ⡣
仰˵ⲻϣҲͲܷӳɱȫ
תЩͷϸ룬㲻òǿнɱںϣγһɿֲӭǽӵ
䣡
ѪɫɱڿкȻ飬ͬʱɢȥģзںеĽ⡣
ֵҵǣԷûҲͬ˾ųɵ䵽ϵʱѾֻʣ²һˡ
飡һͬƲһ㣬ҷɳȥǰȻһڣһѪ³־˫һֱӰѷιȥˡ
꣡
ϵשڷص˲䱻̤飬һ˳߲ÿһɼѺӡ
ֻᵽеĿֲԷͬһ޼᲻ݵıûκζκܹ赲ԷĽ棬һն֮£
Ƿһܹĸ֣𺳼ֱ޿ƣ˿̲ףΪͷһٶǧҪǿ潻档
һ
Ƴңӣƽ˵ֵĵӹȻ˵ãȻõϹɱ򴫳Уɱ뽣ںϣӲסһҲòˡ
ɱ罣ңĶۣվδһԣֻȴҲѾ׼ڷ粻֧ʱǿгˣƴҲҪǿͻ۵ľȾ·˵
һؽ׵ĵӣȻط߶Ľ֮ǰôû뵽ģҲͬⷽӦսˡ
ȻףǽӻٳԶҪһֲĶࡣ
һԻѪ߶
ĵڶȴҪԱȫΪۣ޶ȫ飬Ȼע֮УԴƶڶ
ҪΪۣƴ֮߶
ŵ˵ѰףҲĳԴ᷽绹ֻˡ
һƽӹĵӣô޳ƴطһ˹ʺһĵͷųɹˡ
Ҫ֪ؼǵؽ۷ЩţҪɹҲ಻һѡ
⽣㣬ƴĳɹʣҲֻаٷ֮һ
ò˵ʵ̫Щ

ȻͬңԤϣһ̣ǽȻһ֣Ȼ˵޵˿ٴδ߶˵ڶ
ŵ˵һѾвˣԷʵû˿ֿĻᡣ
ܶ
ǲֲĽ֮־ռ䶼־Ҳ޷ѡ
٣Էڶ־򣬻޷ͻƿռ
һ˲䣬·˲ޱȻԷÿһͬ˼ٱһ㣬ͷһ

ͷôôһ񽣣̳ǲм
Ϊ֮־ǱȽĽ֮ȻҡͷҲ⣬͸ˡ
ţôͷΪʲôңĿʵ
Ϸһ˼ר޽Ҳûл޳ɡ΢΢ҡͷ̾ϢϧˣʱѾԹˡûӦʵ֧ţҲӲ̫
ʱƲƲ죬벻ʵͷǷɽʢʱ򣬵ж
¶һ˿׷֮ɫ̨磬жߣж
ǵû˵ûķ˷ۣͻȻʲôʵˣͷǽ߾ô
߾磿㵹ǺøԶһ̧֣һõԴϣŻ˵̨磬ϣġԶġ
ˣˣԽ˵Խˣ㬵ӣʵͷ˵Ҫ˻ļһҪô죿
ܣжԶܶԶ
Ҫܲأ겻ĵ׷ʵ
ܶܲȥˡһõͷɽƬ̣ͷſڵ޳ĸ֣ҹһûʲôˣط߶ġҲûһ˿ġ
⣬ʱȤô˵
ǽ֮־ûӦľطƶʵϣ㲻ˣ־ȻǿҲūۣ㲻ǿߡ΢΢ҡͷ˻ֹǵСӣסҷɽľΪ⾳ܷӳǿͶȡɵʲôؼǿ
סһ£͵͵һۣСĵѣǣ㻹ûңҪôӦ
һٴ£ȴ͵ȤûˣԼȥ벻취͵ˡ



ڶ ʮ ԣ
ǿд߶Ϊڶ
Űֲ˷ǽϵƤѿѣƤܹɭȻ׹ǡ
һţѾ͸ˡ
תͷ࣬ȻʵȴҲϢѣڶȻչ
䣡
һ˿⣬Ȼ͸һ֮⣬סǽӡ٣
Ȼӿ³һ֣һ̶ʱӿ·Ҫһжһ㡣
ԭڵĻն䣬һӵ˲䣬ڿȴǲȻһͣٶȶʱ˼֡
һ̤룬粻˷Ҳ¶һ˿֮ɫ

һԳڣ򵥵һȴһ㣬Ĵڳÿһ˵ĶС
⻹ֻˣǽӵĶУͬһ㣬ĽƸ˼֣Լ͸һ˿ʹ֮ɫ

û˿ԥȻһϲԾ䣬Ȼ͸һϢׯϡ
ߣ
ʲôԭѾˣȻǰһȴԶԶңӵϣļʶҲѹ֪ʲôˡ
һݺԶ֮⣬ȴǸ޷εģ㲻̫ףȴҲ֪̺żΪ
ŵ۸һ˲·ʯһĿɿڴĿŷ磬ȻһּΪĸо
ѵСӣ֣ƽɣ
ȻȻǲ֪Ǵ˿ģҲûȴЩˡ
ڷɽϣûףҲδϣȻ˿ΣȴǱƵòһˡ
ȫ񼸺Ѿ۵һ𣬰շмصķʽԣ
ҾԣݴӵĪ֮ͷ˵˭ܹ͸ԣԺˡ
ֻǣǰһڴȴȤȱȱûоֻǱܵϵһЩзתѡ
ˣҲѾӵĪˣʱΣ˴롣
ԣ󣡡Уڣǰ
һһ˿âΧĿռ֮У·𶼲ϻص֣Ϣ׺ǽԺ

зһʹ˻ǽӵ˲飬ȴҲ޷ά״ŴӿеȫΡ
ԭĿռ˲ȫޡ
ֱһ̣΢һͷһ˿亹ϢŰڵϣϢ
ͷ˵ĹȻûּһ־֮ȫƾһɺ⣬ط߶û
ԼʵȻǾûԷģֻҪ֮״бƳһб㶼ٳΪˡ
Ҿԣطֱ͸ꡣ
ǡǴӸϻ˶Էƾ裬ų׻Σ
YY
зһʹǽҪ˵ȴһֶ˵ˣֻܴӺзһʹ˻
͸ǷԹȴѾԽ˼ˡ
ѪȫɢȥѪ޶ȴ˿ʣѾϾ֮ǰƾǿ֧ţҲûֳ񱻱Ƴ⾳ûκ֧ţһӶŲȥˡ
Ϣ֮䣬㳹ʧȥϢ
СӣһƯؼƽ⣬˲𰡡ֱ˿̣ңȻӦ˹Цų޵
ʦˣʲôط߶ĶѣʶӲƽ⡣ܹǿߣӿͷӶҲˡٴЦſڵ
һսʵڴ̫ˣͷĻһֻ֣ڵϵ˾ԼˣǴ羢аЧۣԼҲƴʩչҲͬסĹ
ؽ׸֣վǲСﰡ
ԿͷǴ̿һսֵܹزҲѾǳˣһЩҲڻǱסˣûֳˡ
Ӣ۳֣꣬ϲ˸õӰ
Ͼһ֮ת˲֮䣬ɫָӱٿ˿ɫ·ңǶĺѣףضԷһ㡣
ƲƲ죬ңȴѹĽ⻰磬ӣͲм˭ܣ˵ûóԼ䡣ֻ۶ôֺãȴҲȥ̼ˣȻһȻη壬ǣȴҲʱ̻ڷ߰ûбҪĻǲҪСĺá
һִһֻƿСĵĴ浹öҩݸ磬ȱ˵ȥú˹ϢģΪʦ⣬ûܴŵ㡣
֮ǰˣոһսǺľӮʱȻʲôȲҪ


ڶ ʮ µĲ루һ
ңӣ
֣Ӱɢ˵¶һ˿֮ɫ֮Уɵ˲ָ֮ңɱǡ֮һ
ԭļǡôڷ缴ɱ֮ʱȻۣԴ˻ȡĺøУһΪԼеӡ
ǣңӵĳȴֱӰһмƻˣǣңͽݣҲ׶Է綯ˡ
ž
ߵķ˲䱻ӰɢϣתֻΪһѷĩ
ʦؽ黳ϧӽʱңٰԵҲǿвСһĳͻ
΢΢üӰɢ漴㶮ʲôǰЩҵõϢһƬϹɱżУܴϹɱߴɱ֮һ¾ĴУСػɱˣֻǵõ¾ɱ䣬񣬱ʳɱҪġȻΪϧжõ£Ϊ£
⣬ѩԼ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫЩ֮ǰӰɢ˿ûи˵
ֱ˿̣ŪףλʧõʦôͻȻ֣ṩһϹɱԼҷ硣
ʲôƷɱˣʲôԼ̳ɱˣȫǼٵģĿģֻǷǿܴڵɱѡ
ת֮䣬ѩȻһУϣȴȻǲɫ·ѹʲôûѡ
ʦģһ߾ȫ

¸һƬǽ壬ҲңӸ˳ȥֻʣڵϵķңˡ
ˣоΣüͷ΢΢һңžƺһڣЦſڵ
лʦӵԾ𣬷¶һ˿΢Ц޴󰭣ϢձȬˣʦҵ鵤Ȼ
ҽõʥҩǶǿҲǾĺöСһǻãǲŵЦˡЦҡҡͷңֺһھƵ
΢΢һλҽȴǲ˼־⡣ǶҽģȻʥҩǺεȼѣ٣ԼôҲ޷ҩġ
Ϲɱ򣬿ǻɱĴУƬ̣ңӻʵ
΢΢һͣȻһݣ漴ڻǵ˵ͷϹɱɱ⴫Уɱһʽ
ȻңʳȻѾһЩߵģҪңвöѡңȻѾʦжңӾѾһͬˣһЩǳؼ飬Լ̿͵ݣЩ⣬Ҳңʲô
Ȼˡ΢΢ףңһ˿ο֮ɫǰЩӴϢһƬϹɱ֮¾ĴУħԶȴ뻹һ
ϧӣһʱѩ˵Ļ
ֹӰɢ˿ҲΪ˶ġ˵ͷңӻõɱϢһȥֻ򶼻ӿʱǲùˡ
⣬ʱĿɿڴѾ۵û©ȴ룬ԭΪνɱ侹ȻҲǳô鷳
ɱҲȻˣؼĵطǿƲ۵ɱˡ
ʦɱ䣬ô
ȻһЦңЦĿŷ¾ΪϹɱ֮һɱ£ʬǳɽеǿ߱нǧˣ˵
һǺȻ֮ɫЩʵɱҲվ¾ģˣȻõҲԷӳɣ
Ȼһ˿âңҲΪ֮ݣСӣ㾹Ȼд˵۹⣬˲𰡡
ЦЦң漴ҡͷˣɱȴǲȻɱ뽣ںϣ޷Ƿɱ⣬ǵõҲ޳ɣǣһ򣬽ɱͨ״ﵽһľ磬Ǵﵽ¾ʵ
΢΢һ粻ʵʦҽսǽӵһʱõıɱ䣬ֻǽɱں֮ʱȴһָҸУƺ޷ȫͷų
ŶЩ⣬ң漴ҡͷǿǽ⻹δɱϵһպӳԣӦԽˣڽ⣬վЩǳպΪ֮Ȼס
ǣʦдӦֻǷȴǲһƬˣԼһµĲ롣Ȼͷ죬ȻȴԿ϶ɱȻô򵥵ġ


ڶ ʮ µĲ루
Ȫ𣬿⡣
ץŰƬ⣬˫ŷɽȪ֮УʱʱץߵľƺһڣȻԵá
Сӣûˣȥٴֻӻӵʣµͷ˳
ޣͷ㶼ѾһֻˣôͣҳˡûĺһԹԵĳ⣬˵ˣȥʲôϵ
Y㵹ǳˡ˲Цתͷȥ̣ףҵأ
ޣ̡˺ҧŽƵ⣬ҡͷ˵ˣ˼Ҫңǻңָҵһҡ
СӣΪụ̂ұκβôȻʧЦ˲Цϸˡ
µ˲䣬һǰϪˮʱ𣬻ΪһˮֱĿת֮䣬ֱ׷žһˤߣץŵǰֻ⣬Ҳ粻֪ȥˣˮ͸ͬһ㡣
ˣĴӵϱҧгݵĵˡ
֪ڸģ¶һ˿Ц⣬΢΢һ˲һϪˮ𣬵ջΪһˮХٴꡣ
һοȴѧˣһԣ˿ͷ͵ϮһǸ˼
ܿˮĿڣֻǻû˵ֻˮڿУһת۽ٴҷɳȥ
ιͷ˧ңң͸һ˿˷֮ɫ΢һһɵ䵽ϡ
ʹˣĺžƣƤû̧һ¡
ֻӡʶȤ̽
ӰոճԹûζˡƲƲ죬˲мĴӱǿкһ

Сʱ֮ڵĽõɽݵ˵ǰֺõЦţ˼ܽ˰ɣ
Ŷ˵򵥣ȥɡ̵Ľӹ˵
ͷˣңҧгݵĵˣ޷޵ĺߵ
ˣʲôʲôʱ˽⣬ܹɻժҶΪʱȻܹˡ˲ΪȻĿ꣬ԹԵĳȾơ
ǽ⣬ͷͲܽ̽ôԼȥ򣬶Ѿš겻ֹ
˵⣬¶һ˿ɫСӣסֻԼģ˵ĽٺãҲԱȲԼһĺá
ѵû취ĴȥôȻ⣬С˵ʲô̫¾ŽģҲн⣬˼ôڵģ
С˵̧ͷɨһۣ˲мĺһҪҪҸС˵Լȥ

ҡҡͷ漴ڵϣҲǿԴڵģԴķʽдڣ˵ˣʵҲҪԼ򣡡
˵Ķ¾Ž̫ʵҲǲڣͬĽУͬĽҲȻͬһ£߼˵ңһֱϰĽ⣬ǱԶҲﵽĽľˡ
һûô껹ǲġ
Сӣס·û˿ݾߣǿʽҲԲ֮Ի˱ġͷξл֤꣬̾Ϣҷɽû֮־ǲһֱģȴֻһ䣡ЩʧˣΪֻҪ˱Դһεľ
ᵽ䣬ڲ¶һ˿֮⡭

еļٴθֶȴԽĿ϶
ͷĻдνɱҲΪܵ߸ͷ˵Ļ
ôΨһĽͣɱ⣡
ɱ̺ɱûд
һȣ
ȻһâȴȻһµͷ
Լû⣬ǰͰؽ׻ôڼ䣬Լһֱɱ䡭ôֻô
ûὥɱӰ죬ȻȻΪԼĽӦɱеĽǺϡʱƣȵԼγɽһ죬ͻȻȻγɱǺϵĽˡ
ĽǺãǲã
ѵķʽͷû뵽ν¾辶ҵһܹнķʽ
ͷһֱӸˡ
ŲţǾԲŵģͷᵽĽֱ˿̣Լףһʲôľ磬ңӣոᵽɱ֮ʱҲֻһͷ˵ĽȻҪһΡ
ôɱĴУҪʲôֻ˵ǸϹɱߴɱ֮һ¾Ҫʲô


ڶ ʮ ֮ϣ
ʦ˵ΪϹɱǿ߶ʧˣϹɱŻḲģ
һ˼·ʵ
ȷʵһţߴɱͬʱʧ٣ϹɱĵλҲԶҡ˵ͷңҲΣһսûЩսҲһذǿߣˣԽʮĴ۲ŻٵϹɱ⻹һЩӳȥˡ
˵⣬ң΢΢һ٣漴ڵӰɢˣ˵ǵ֮һ⻹㣬ħҲͬϹɱ򡣡
ʦҲ˵һսô
ǰΪʦҲǸͯʸ˵ȴսɹȻһЦң͸һ˿֮ɫϧʱδܼʶ۷ʣΪƽ°
⻰ȴǶʱˣλҲһս˼Ҷη֮ãΪƽ¡
УôϼһҲѾϰˣȻôɧģȻЩ̬Ͷûġ
ȵȡƺҲǺԼʦͬһʱİɣ
˵ϼһ˾ʮº𽣿һϱ̬
ȴǷ·ַܵΧӰ죬ֻص˵ڷɽѵӡ
ֹģʲôأĪĿһ۷磬ңʵȻ벻ͽתźεͷġ
ûʲô룬Ϲɱһۣ᲻ỹţʼ磬統ɫת˻⡣
ᵽңȻ͸һ˿â漴ҡҡͷԲ󣬰ʱ䣬δйǵϢϹɱǼ˵ӣǻָֻ췭ظʬǳɽˡ
ȻûκǵʵҲͬʵ׸κ˼ҲסɱĴ
ͷϹɱɻȴǸ˼ֻ֣ȴûκȥˡ
ˣȥúϢɣĺֻҲûˡЦЦңӽһ㣬ʱ̤ȥ⼸Ҷʲôϵ⣬ɵ԰ҡ
԰΢΢һͣȴǶʱЩˣϼһö˶˵ĸҪȥ԰òǹİɡ

һڻ԰֮ңϯضΧż̳Ϻõƣе˶ԶԶĴ˳ȥ
˴λֵΪȴ־డ󣬺ôǰ
ȻӸλȻңӵǰȴȻжߣһ統֮ʱ
֮Իп֮ǽЩϼһһ֣ҲаȫˡȻһЦһ̳ƺһڣңӰȻڵ
Ŷռ䷨Ѿˣ͸һ˿ϲɫ̲ס׷ʵ
Զ˼ĵöѡЦҡҡͷңӵ΢΢һԵľ̳Ȼһƽ˲ԭʧֱӳ˱ǰ
Խռ䣡
ȻֻǶ֮̾ڣһƽȴԽһСοռ䡣
⿴һ֣ʶĸУȴǿֲ֮ġ
ռ䷨򰡣ǺεȻǿҲԽӴľԽ򰡣
֮ϡȻиߵľô¶һ˿֮ɫ̾Ϣ֣ҵ·ô
΢΢ͷңȻҪͻ׻ѣܹоĵײǾͷһɣϹɱһ۱ǳԽ׵Ĵڡ
ǷڴˣǵôһɣЩңӸոտûиġ
ոգСңһۻ᲻ỹûĿ⻺䵽ϣңӿЦȻϣǵǳԽ׵ĴڣȴҲδûֿܡ
ôܣ˵Ȼɫ䣬ʵԽǿԽϹɱζʲôһ۵δ֮ʱϹɱؿ֮ʱʱ»˭סô
Ҳһ˵ҡҡͷң漴˵Ҳ֪Եؽ׿ʼҪɽٲ˳̤һ磡ʵԽǿ֮ˣٱԽǿֲͻ׵٣һֻۣҲδܹɹ
˵ǵڶɽ֮ʱˣȻ˵ҲǣĿǰƺҲֻһõĽ͡
Ǽ˵ӣʵϹɱĴУ
ˣ˵ڵǷԷСӺȤᵽ磬ңٴ¶һ˿Ц⣬⣬ĺڴ̤ףǺεȵǿơ
ҵǻûϲôһõӡΪȻĵ˵ͷ֪С츳֮ǰұӦóۣ԰СΪӣﻹֵĵ㡣
Ҳ١͸һ˿٩֮⣬ң漴ЦŮֿɱϵһҪ죬˵ãպСӱóˡ


ڶ ʮ 
֣дУ
ңϯض߷һ̳ƣʱʹĿȴһֱڷϡ
һϵ԰ңӵҪ£ϴ־ȶңǰչʾһ顣
ϴҲм˼ϧˣӺ̤֮󣬱ôͬߡҡҡͷңڵؽ׿ʼ֮ʱ㵱٣ٴԼⷽɱ䣬֮ȣսķӱ̫³ˡ
ɽ٣ʱһ⣬ôԽԽŤǰһС˵жɽʲôġúõģôͱĳɽˡ
бУת뼺֮ԵУԵҡҡͷңӺһھƣΪȻĿ˵ɽ֮ʱ㱾ʵԽǿܵٱԽǿ˳ɹõջҲԽ࣬һһģĪǶ
ʦɽ٣ǰ绹ЩģСʵ
ߣغȻ֮ǴȻΪҲȫҡҡͷңӳһ¼͵ػˮҲ֮⻹һЩص󣬲ЩֻΪΪ߲Żˡ
㬵ӣڷ׷ʣۼʲ׵ġ
Сӣ㣬У¶һ˿Ц⣬ңͻȻʵ
⻰ʱǰһû˵ңȥ밡ʦܽô
УǶ鰡ڷӡ֮УΨвһơԼһף֮ȣֱֵһᰡ
񲻹ףȻǲеġȻʧЦңҡͷУҲõؽ֮󣬲ôһܡ
ոʱңӽһ͸ЩյץԴؽףðɣһ취ؽס
ӿɽҲĵ˵㣬ңӵϴЩЦ⣬˵ȻһҪѧô
⣬ʱ־Ȼⲻɽô֣ҲʲôŪ˵ɡ
Ϊ΢΢ףңУķţ㲻òѧĪ˵ǵؽףǵܹɷУҲС
ԸѧʦҡԷʱһϲæ
˵ͷңӵһֻ󳤽ȻʶķУңǰ
򣬿оʲô
ôһ˵Ż񳹵׳ϸÿһ˿һı仯
Ƭ֮䣬Ȼ͸һĨâ⽣Χתʦô
ȻƾշҪĶҪ֮ϵԽǿĿԽ΢⽣ȻԽ󣬿ƵҲԽĵͷңָ㶯ǳʱɿʹΪĶࡣ
Ҳ÷شңӱڵСӣһƪھˣһҲܼǴ
˵طͲȫǿڿڣҲǷʴ̤֮󣬼ҪֻһĬ¿ھҲǾԲܵġ
֣ȴᣬνǶ֮컯ǷѾ׼һƪھĬĬʱҲΪ֮ݡ
Ȼ緽ǣ֮ʲôȴҪĶ࣬ϴ֮ȣͬөԡ
ʦһƪھʲô֣ĬĬ飬ȷԼȻǵһֲſʵ
һ˿˸֮ɫңӶ̳˹һС̳̾ϢΪһλʮѪ뷨δɣ˱Ѵʶ˾
ȻңӲδԣȻȴȻܹǷ˸ź
ʮѪڴȻȴδüԷɣȴң˵ضǼΪصġ
Ȼ֮ǲұҽɡ˵ͷڵ
ɡ˰֣ң̾Ϣ
ˡͻȻʲôЩɻʵʦˣϹɱƴ֮ʱҲƾһӡУѵҲô
󣿡һ˿ɫңӲЦʲôǽʦµطѣֱ֮ɲȣ
һ£ң漴ֵϧţܽ˾ƣ£δر㲻
һᵽһμǷҲЩˣ
ȻͷĿУߵľĽкܴģǣȴҲǳܽӴ˽֮ˣңӾȻ˵ƪ֮棬Ǻεȵֲ


ڶ ڰʮ ϧ
ݼңǰ
ͻȻ֮䣬ʵ԰֮ԶԶᣬ˿֮⣬ȻȴܹĴ뷽ңӶУ·Էǰ˵һ㡣
һϧӣһ˿âң̲ס̾˿ƿأѾﵽ΢ľ硭ħ˹Ȼ
иǴһ˿֮ɫĿҲ
ŵ˵ƾ򵥵һ仰Ȼ˷һǿѹ
ͷҲһš
ѹѹɲľԼԷ
ħ˹Ȼɡž̳ңӲĿڵûпŪǼ򵥵Ľ˳ȥ
ת֮䣬һӰ̤Ȼֻھңʮ˫ᱧȭ񡣡
ȴֻһ£մһ˿ҳһȣǺЦٲȻһȻѹӣŷ˵Ŀ
λؾǾǰĵӣķ磬˰ɣ΢Цת򷽴磬
磬ϧӡ΢΢ףϿκαڻش
²ֹҪͷӰɣıž̳һڣңЦЦʵ
ȡЦˡ˿Ϊ⣬Цɽ֮ʱʦзԸǰزʧ񣬷ʦһҡ
ȻˣҲˣȥɡƤûһ£ңһ仰ֱ
⻰ȴѹûϵģһʱ䣬ϲǿɫʧˣԴǰΪͽ
Ŷüͷңӵͽո̤ףħУ
˲˵΢΢ҡͷ̹ȻΪɱϹɱַвɱ䴫УֻҸϵ֮ʱȴ֪ɱΪá
һ£˵ɱãȴɱ̫أΪʵڲ˷СңֵðݾǰΪʦطоɱ䡣
ϧֻ¹ܵĶЩɣСҪʲôƺ͹ӹġ⣬ڽӹ˻磬Ӧ
˵ЦˣҲѡȻһЦ漴ڵֻɱħžѧ뷽ִͻ
һ˵ĲȻȴһɲ֮ͲĿǡ
ЦϹɱϹɱַĴУ˿ɵ֮ħС˵֮䣬𽿤Ҳͬʱ̤֣ʷϬ֮ĪǣħؿϹɱô
һȴģͬı㣬ֱҪ
λǺ𽿤ɣüͷһɫ˲ָЦ⣬̾ź𽿤Ǳһһľɫˣһ֪Է顣ѵõǣ˼Ʊ磬
ᱧȭ漴ҡͷ⻰ȴǴˣϹɱȻҲ˿ؿħȻϹɱ򣬵ȴԳһɣ֮޹ϵ
֮ʣǿħҲƲҳϹɱĹϵģƱػΪʸ֮ģ޾ǿ߹
Ȼˣɱħкιϵ𽿤ȻڣȻơ
ȻһЦҡͷʷϬﲻУɱ䣬ȷζҪֻصġ
ȻȻ⻰һȴ·Ϊ𽿤ŮԸ֮ѡ
ò˵һļΪƯɵİһжڿ֮ȴȻҧɱ䲻ţ硣
ҿԱֻ֤Ҫִͻɱ䣬תߣŷޡ΢΢ȭɫڵ
Ҳ÷ش㾶ת𽿤ĽѾãԵԸ뿤
£ֻħӻͳһ֧ʣչȣɿ
ޣǵͽӣҼҿεݣҪѺ𽿤ȣСѾͷʱںǳ
澣աҲֻ̧ͷСѾͷһۣЦ
ϧȣ
ⶼǼΪģϧӷǾ˲ڴ˵ܹȱһּϿɡĴҫˡ
𽿤ȴǼΪģ뵽Լһһʱͣбһϲ΢΢üлϧ⣬ֻǺ𽲻ƽŮӣȣ빫Ӱְɡ
һѾ˵ļˣȻ͸˼֮⣬Ȼȴ粻˱ɣת֮䣬һ򵥵Ȼ͡
˵Цˣǿ˵Ⱦɫ˶ȣ£Ҳû˭ʸˡ
㣡⻰𽿤ʱɫ࣬޺޵
Իϧȴд˵֮£Ǽģûϧ֮
ͬʱڻ̤һס˺𽿤ڵ


ڶ ڰʮһ 
ִԲӣ˵Ⱦˣǲʵ໭ǲŵǱ΢΢ҡͷȻΪԹԵбʹա
ॣ
ֻһ죬гȻʣһöĻֱ֮̌һ̳
˼ּȻ˴ͽ̣Ե㣬ȴҲ˴˵ȷ֮¡һ㣬˶ʱɶǺЦȴɲͣѹûں˼
֮ⲻԶ
ңӴ˿Ҳһ˿֮ɫȴҲòϣԷʸ˿
ħˣֶԶѰֿɱȣͬʱԵؽ׵ľʵѹƷ磬дҲΪ
ȴҲһԤ⡣ϾʱҪܶԷֻǱȶԷֹͣѡ

ߣһ֣Լͷųһ˿⣬ÿһ㶼ǶԷ֮ʡ
е˼ˣܵѹƣµĲ΢΢һͣ漴̧ͷ˷һۣ⣬㽣ܵؽ׵ĴŵҲ١
һȻڷ罣֮ϣһֻȴȻû˿ֹͣ˼黭ͣ
ֶֺΣ˵ãСҪýˡû˿ɫ˵·𱻶ԷĶԴҲʲô˵һ㡣
µ˲䣬еĽȻӿ죬ת֮䣬ݺᣬǵصѹƶ¡
Ѱıȶ֮У޼ɵͷŽƱػԼ͸ΪԷáңɢĽǿǶԷԼʵˣ򼸺ԴʲôЧɱ
ʱȴǲֻͬҪԽҶԷĽѾ㹻ˡ
üͷһ¶һ˿⣬Ȼ¶˰ϧ㹥
һ֮䣬˲˼ÿʱÿ̶СΧĿƶУٶȿ쵽һ̶ȣѾӰˡ
ӱϣ·ͻȻһ˸ֲγ֣㽣죬ԷҲܹͬɱܿ
Ӱ⣬ңӵҲ¶һ˿ɫ
ӰħҲƾӰֵܴΧ֮
ȻʩչĻӰħȴǲ̫Զˡ
ħʩչһ˲䣬ϰٵӰֱͬĶ򹥻أ޷
ˣڷ˵ҲѾ̫ѹˡ
һ˲䣬㳹䵽·磬ѹԷ½Ƕһ˿˱תͬϷŪСһ㡣
֣ҪӰѾˣȿǾͿҪˡ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ͼ٩硣
а߰ʮҿǹСЩǣùһĳҲţƽ
ӰҲǵһμһʱͱ뿴ڷ˵ȴʲô¡
ŶԷԻӰܵĻᣬϸÿһֱ仯˵ܹģ³ǣȴҲܹиһ˿Լߡ
ЧҲԸɴһеĻڣ಻Ľ⽫ԷУϵ̽Ӱܴڵ
ʱƼչ˿ҲбˣתѾܹһ˿ѹż̳һܱƵչȸ񵲡
֪ʱ벻мɢȥȡ֮һֵļɵ
ȻҲȻƽⲻ˻ӰֲֿĽٶȴҲѾǳˡ
ֱ󣬶Էܹսл侲̬һѰŤתơ
Ҫ֪ԷŽֻһ׶Ѱ
ͷһΣĵ׶Էһ˿ɱ⣬ԼһպпвԼĴڡ
ɱֺ֮βԣһ˿΢ɲľâͻȻʵ
Ը͸һ˿⣬ڣгͬʱ䣬һɿֲɱʱӷڷδ֣һǵصѹӿ
һ̣ɫڱˣ
һδչǷݿֲɱ뽣⣬ȴȻһ˿ף
һ˵ˣؽ׵ΪҲûܹɽһ˵񻭻ˡ
бһȻһʣЦչȣǸ֣ƺѾأ̷ָС
ֽӵһȣһħȻӿƷɿθߣͬʱиϸĶŷһһͼпһ˿ɱİأ
ಣ
Ȼֲǣһ̣ոӳ˱ʱڿдһԼٶȵء
ʶģһӣȻ֧ǰȻʶһȴʱаһ⣬ȴѾˡ
ռīıʵ䵽֮ϣȻ޷עȣȻͷŨīȴ˲֮һīԭͼʱʧϡ
ͬʱδʩչɱҲͬʱɢȥɱתʧĸɸɾ·ʲô¶ûзһ㡣
Ǵһ˿Ц⣬һȭˣ


ڶ ڰʮ ı

һʱ䣬˶ЩĿɿڴĽʵ̫ˣۼﶼѾˣȻʱ̳תֱǷ˼
־þǰ洫ĲԩĬ˰죬ͻȻЦδ֮ߴ⣬̹̹䣬ȱ㲻ǵܹ֮ӵеˡ
ȻӱһɺϣǶԷ֮¾Ϊһ̵תԼӱʣԷҲ취Լͷġµ񣬼ҲòϣԼСƷˡ
Ҷѡ𽣣絭ʵݻظΪϧ֪Ů˵漸֮ģ𽿤ȻԸȱ㲻Ҫ¼˰ɡ
ȻһЦ΢΢ҡͷֻһΣ˴μȻ٣¾ʹա
˵ͷһѾȥ棬̾Ϣһϧϧ˾ɫȴԵ
µ˲䣬Ȼһһħӿ˲Ϣ֮㽫˸顣
ոһսʹ죬ֿԸҷһսһ̤ħӿڣӻٴóһȣŷȻڡ
ȡЦˡƤ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬粻ף빫ӷŶԣ⣬ȷ̤ؽ֮빫ʹһս
ոʤһУֻǣȴǳŶԷ̫ԸƵĽǵһսǱһˡ
ȻţȴҲףĶսھԲϧӵĶ֣λɲǸƽӹĽӡǼͬҲԼѷʤħˣ
Ȼָ£Դֶ̿аɱ֮£Ǳһˡϧֶȴʵڲʩչ
ʮУ۾ûգһ£ֻҪܽʮвܣԸһϹɱַͬʱɱ֮¡
⻰һڣ㷽Ѿ׼ҲȻһһƵĳ嶯
ǵңӵ˵ģԸõĶԷڣֻҪԼӮһݵĽϧӵľ׵õһϹɱַ
Ҫ֪жɱһ˿ɻ󣬷ϹɱҲǷǳģջ󲻿ν
ҪǣֻʮУɵİܹ¡
һʱ䣬˶Ĭûκ˵ֻǾĽĿ䵽˷ϡ
ΨңȻԹԵĺȾƣ·ѹûЩһҲںѡ
ﲢߴ٣ҡЦ⡣
ǸҾܾ
ãȴȻ˵ôһ䣬ϵĻ
ܾ
˼ôãȻǾܾˣһֱ̣ЩԼĶˣôź֮£ȻܾܺҪ֪ңڲ࣬УҲû֮ǰض¾ԼҲԲܾܾŻȻѡȴʵ̫ˡ
ٴ¶һ˿΢ЦҪս㵱ķһս㲻ؾڷǹ֮УͲ׳ˡ
ǻˣ£϶ʹӦˣϧ粢ͨˣǴ̿ͣ
һ̿˵ջ֮£ҲҪȱ־Ե侲ʧ֮жϡ
ʮ֮Լź񣬵ǣԷΪħˣոԼйݵĽ棬Ȼ̵ġ˵Լ嶯֮£Լɵʤ㣬ô˵ʤӦ߳ϡ
ԶҪСԼĶ֣Դ£ԲһĴ̿ϡ
Լֶβ٣˭֪˼Ҿûأ
οǽԼƵеƶܳŹʮУ¶˴̿͵ݣʤˣʲô壿
Ĭ2ӣ̲סЦãһҪս㵱սҵҷһս
ˣʲôıƣЩĵĵСѾͷٴȻĽ䱸
ɹȻһЦȻڵıԵһϹɱַŷֵ
˵֮䣬Ȼɳһ΢Ƶĵͼƽƽŷ˹
ʶĽӹͼȴǲ΢΢һ
֣һϹɱַλá跽ָκδۣС˫ַϣ㣬ɸôһ˿Ц⣬ﵭڵ
ȷش΢΢Ƿңӹ񣬡ˣǡ
£Ȼһ㣬ȴȻԾֻ֣һˬʵЦ
һʵ̫Ưˣɴİȥصٴʱûңڲ࣬ɾͲһʤܾ˽ˣˣ
һԣıȣκıƣ


ڶ ڰʮ ˮ
ӣҪȥ
뿪ͬʱСѾͷ̲סڵǸһﲻǺˣ϶ûģ˵ݵͼҲǼٵء
㣬ȥôСѾͷңӳһ»ڵ
ңӣǷ綼ͼǼٵģһҪȥƱػϧӵ׷ɱûаֻء
ͬһնڸոʮ֮Լ˵Ķ࣬·Ĵ˵Գ֡
Ĭ˰죬ڻǻ˵ͷ
Ǵܹ̿ͣջ󣬵Ϊһ̿ͣϹɱеĴУȴʵ̫ʺˡҪͨϹɱ֮еĸִвݵϹɱЩǿߵİɱֶΡ
ɱ䵱еܣҵ⼸ϹɱҲͱŪס
ԼУһֺܲĸо·ܽɱ⣬պȻ󻼡
һֱֽܵ˵ɣȴޱ
ӹͼɨһۣңӳƬ漴ڵ˴ڼ֮أѩ֮޷桭֮ң
֮ңһΪµľ룬ͨˣһҲδܹߵ
ǵؽ׵ĸ֣Ҳܸϵܹƿշеǿ߲ľ롣
һ·ϣ㲻֪Ҫٱˣο֮صĿຮ֮£ֲҲȻ˵ǲΣ
οڴ˻ϣҪСĵķϧϮֱǼɵ
粢δ𻰣ֻĬĬеĵͼɿת
㣬Ը˴ֱ֮ףŷ磬ңͻȻһ˿âʵ
΢΢һȴ˲㷴Ӧ˹
ȥұȥն׼ֻǣԴ֮󣬳㱾ħʵ㲻뿪Ұ벽Ҳ÷ԼʲôңƽĿڽ͵
ͬΪ۷ǿߣңӱħ࣬ǼɱôħȻҲܷնɱ硣
һײСһķˣΪ˭Ĵ˼ɣ˻˹أԷȻҲعءǵɱһֻһĵͱɱĸɸɾˡ
˵ңȴǹ˼ٵˣ˷Ϊͽ޼ɵ˭Ӷø
˿ȴǶﶯɱģƴħնɱպȻħһսңԸʵ˫ȴҲ˵һħһֻҪ뿪ߣȻͻױħնɱˡ
лʦ΢΢ҡͷӿһů⣬ȴվǾܾˡ
ȻңԸⲻ˹س֣ҲħΪӣȴӴΪӦοҲԸңߣһֱʦĻ֮
һˣһҲͬˣ
ҴʱȻȴҲδؾһ˿ɫ绺ڵһ̤ǿ֮·ӲţԸһ·жϣӦκս
ϸĿŷ۾ãңڻ̾Ϣһӷδ˿η壬ҲûäĿĿһڹУѪҺ֮еĽ
һľ̳һɾˮȻɳ׼ޱȵңӿУδһ
΢΢ҡҡͷȻһЦң漴ˣԼɣֻصģһУҪӦģҲħһˡ
ˣ¶һ˿Ц⣬жʱһ˿ɱǵֻһˣҲδؾ͸ȥˡ
Ŷ⣬ңȴǲ΢΢һЩɻĿ򷽴硣
Цҡҡͷ粢δֱ𣬶ת𽿤һ󡣡
ĪĿŷ磬𽿤֪Եķʵܰʲôæ
뿤ͼǧݣַȥ΢΢ƽڵ
⻰һ˲΢΢һ漴˷⡣
Ƿķ
㲻Ǳôûɱôãұ⣬ȴһȥѸ£˶Ķ򶼷ˮ׽롣
˵ҪҴţϾһ֪ͶһĶ֡
ǣڷ˵ȴȻԼʵǲϧӵģϵĽָռˣᱻԷɱǺãҸɴͰϢɢȥŪӣŵһһУҲϧһ޵аɣ
ʤ˭ֶθΪˡ
ˣ籾Ǵ̿ͣһһĽ棬ѻˮ㣬ǰˮ׽ˣڻս֮м㲼ȴˮġ
ݵʵ̫࣬Ϸӣֻнˮ׽룬ԼȺ֮Уع̿͵ݣܷſһȡһ˿ʤ㣡
ʣ⽫һ̴壬չ֮˶ӣû֪˭Ц


 һ 
һϮ£һ滨һһƥ񿥵İһ·򱱿񱼡

Ȼһ֣ȻԽڿбŹһ
ֻážһѵȻһ̣ȻԾ֮ϣ͸һ˿âλµİβһ
ףѰˡ˵ͬʱԱߵϵ֦ҶȻ̽һԴ
Ҿ˵ˣôѿӲһֻ¿Ӷţ˵ˡһߵҲͬʱ̽һԴΪȻķϵ
ޣ¿ӱȰѵĶˣ¿ôֻҪϹȻܿĵôš֮ǰһۿȥҲöһķ⣬Ȼȴƫƫ࣬ôߵҲûһ㳾ôҾ˵ɣûһ㳾ûմϡ
ţָһ˫ɫĲЬԴ
ޣࣿĸˡһһҲ漴
һƲͷһ٣һɵĵѾ΢ЩƣǴԶҲģģֻһһ˫µתС۾ʱһ֮С
ôüͷüͷڴϵ
ףˡһţӶʱˣׯүãһˡ
¶һ˿Ц⣬ȴǲˣİô
ûУ̫ˣҿˡҡҡͷһĿ˵
ΪʲôҪ£ץ֣ЩЦķʵ
еӡ˵ͷŭˮȾɫô
ǷĴһǷһŴԱߵȾ
ޣ쵰ôĳԷţڰ˼ˣ˵Ҫô죿
Ǿ£һѵµ򲻹ˮݵĳû
ΪʲôһС۾ļһﲻķʵ
Ϊˮֱ׳Ŀڵ·ʲô쾭һ
ಣ
һһ͵ģ¶һ˿Цһ̧֣һֲļ֧ڿдͬһ
꣡
ȻһԾһһֻһļ֧ʱһ߳ء
Ȼ͵ϮӢׯү̫ЦˣׯүҲ͵ϮġӵĻû˵֮ո߶ϵһ֧ȻԸٶȵأһǶضϼͬʱ
ϣʲôƼ˻ܱQһȻһŤţͬʱ׼ߵضϼ֮ϡ
ӣɵˣ۲áһ˿Ц⣬һ乭һ
ͬʱոձ߳ĶεĶϼʱٴεɶأոһңӦʱӱ˸æҡ
ƽʱ֧ͬʱҲа˲߶ϣǣȴ̫ˣԽԽ࣬Ūѹȥˣͱ׷Ҵܡ
ιιˮ쵰æôСӵļаţɱߺȵУСӣׯүҽׯӢӢСҲӡ
ӣͬһϰɣһˣɲҶ֡¶һ˿Ц⣬ȴȫȻûд˼һ֣ת˲ͬʱϮˡ
ޣÿСӣȻһ˴飬ޣ顣ǸС۾ǼһҲ֪һש־Ƿļ֧ȥ
ž
֧˲䱻ķɣȻû⣬ֻǼ֧ͬ۾һ㵹ɶأٶȸ˼֡
ΨݼһѹûдϮһ˼һĶߵϡ
ףΪʲô㣿ЩĿݼһʵ
Īһ￴Լʵ֮ôǸɺӵĸְ
Ȼͷδת꣬ȴʱǼһĻشˡ
Ķ㣬ûС
⻰һڣ˲ĿɿڴûҧԼͷ
ûУѵˣлܶ㣿
ȻһЦֽ䣬΢ЦλҲΪ˸֮ѰϹɱַô
ףô֪𹭣׷ӵļҲͬʱƫ˷ɢ˿ȥŻʵ
𽿤Թͼⱱ֪꿡֮أλֲҲûᡣȻһЦҡͷ
Ҳ㲻ʶȻһ˴򲻹㣬򲻵еģһĿڵʹ˰Σ
д⡣Цһ£Ҳȥ磬˫ֱȭ·ģλֵܡ


 ڶ һ
ļҲҪޣǷĻͻҪúŬˡׯӢֵŷļһҺܿӡ
Բԣӣ㲻ܴӦҪҪƤļǷô죿ȷشգС۾ҡͷǷ飬ҪǶһ˻ʲô飿
һѵͲܽзô˷ۣׯӢûķУӣ
òãСȻ˵ȻȴԶûôӢΣôܼǷ顣ǷԣһӦļơ
ѧҾãȷָ£϶ܰƹĺשҩԼΧŹЩõġں͵־ǾҪòãֲ⴫ڸˡׯӢתˮˮ˵أ
ңĹܡԹԵ£ˮһûһĺߺߵ
꣡
⣬̲סЦ˳úãλٿһʱˣСܲѧǳʵڻʺϼ顣
ޣ飡סˣ顣㵹Ҳм֪֮Ǳ
ˣ֪λʲôȻû뿪˼ʵѵΪ˴ټƥ
ޣȻǣǷôôģ§ݴӣӴŽƵġ
ǲ֪Ŀʲôأ
ǻܣ߱ˡׯӢæϵ
ǣҺôҲ⫡ðɣ油ԱǣôǱˡ̯̯֣һܲ˵
⵹ҲԣǾ͸ˡĥһ£ׯӢ漴˵ͷɡ
˵˶ٴˣС۾Ȼһȣһž˹ȥ
˭ȽӵģôӢˣ˶ϵķ⣬ׯӢƲƲİҸ˵Ϊһӡ
ģƺҲһ񺮣һֱ̫ˣûиԼǵñд磿
һӣ粻Ľٴ䵽ׯӢϡ
һصӡׯӢĿŷ磬ѹ˵˵ȫǸֱ鵤ҩֻҪ뵽Ķҵ
Ŷ¶һ˿Ϸ֮⣬ڵֵҪŮҲܴ￪ô
ۣ
⻰һڣһֱԸˮҲЦ˳
ӣھãСӺǱˡ
ޣǷ飬˵˶ٴˣôǼǲסһׯӢһ𿪿ںǳ
ðɣðɡǣļǡʼ磬ˮεĿڵ

ôһӣż˵ƺҲ˵˵Щٴʵ
ǵȻǰЩӾۼӣңȥ֮ص·ϡ˵ͷ
Ŷô˵ģ
ʲôû˵һĿڵ
Ϊʲôǲ˵ʡ
ǲ˵û˵һ£ׯӢΪмǿӵ˶Ѿˡ
ԷʱһЦֵ̯ðɣһһʡ
˵
ûʰɣǷʶ㣬ʶԶ油ܹģ֤ܹéٿ
ЦҡҡͷȻڵȻӵ˶Ѿˣô˭ӵϢģ
еƫ˵ôͻȻ벻ˡյԴ˹ʱתԱСֹˣӵ˶Ϊʲô֪أѵ˻˽ӣ
ѽôأǷĿǶӣֲǲϢôġͷׯӢһС²طϵӴҡͷ
ôܿ϶ǿһ·ϳ֣绹ǲĵ׷ʵ
ܼ򵥣ҵġׯӢָ˵
ŷ罫ĿתԼߣæתˮңҵġ
ιô֪ǿӻ·Ͼģ˵⻰ׯӢͬʵ
ǣˡЩȻĿֿׯӢͷ磬ˮܲ˼ļһ˿Цݡ
ʲôôǵģׯӢʱͬʱĵˮ㲻ֻôôڼҲˣ
Ǹ˵ͻȻ֣Щ߰£Ҳͦ鷳ġ߼һƬҶԼ۾ϣˮ㬵СشǸ˵ԣҾļˡ



  ˳ֽɫ
СģҲһܵȵǿӵİɣ
ǡ
㻹ѵǾǷǰ;ƤҲҪ룿ׯӢһʵ
Ҳǡ
ׯӢʵ
Ůǹһ˿Ц⣬ڵ

ȥȥһȥǸСİҸ˵˶ٴˣ̫ˣӦ˳⡣ŷһ߶㲻ӦңҾͲļơ
ãⲻóԡӣһ˵
˵ҳԹĺܣ㳢ԴҡĺͲ˹Ƶأĵı֤ģұ֤Ҫǲóԣұ֤㡣
һƥһͷ
ô˵ұ֤һܺóԵģһξԵڶΣϧڶξûˡջ˿ûзӡ
ԣԣҾһ϶óԡҡͷһΪȻӡ
Ŷʲô⣿Ҳŷ׷ʡ
⣡
ҵ⣿ʱһһ±ĳԶȥСĶŷ磬Сģòϲɣ
ûȷ⣬ɲ⡣ǺЦͷһ˵
ޣҵΪʲô⣿۾ʱ͵Ҳˣ


ǲͽˣ⣬⡣ָͷһĽ͵⣬¿⣬ȻҪóԵġ
ۣ
⣬ׯӢˮҲЦ˳ιСģھãԽԽǱˣҲ꣬ѧ£ʽǷˡ
ޣȻһ۸ңʱı°Ӻƴļơ
ʲôˣδġׯӢһľ
ˣˣغã˹ˡ˰֣һԾת˲㵽֦ҶС
ǿˣׯӢ˷ܵʵ
ǡ΢΢ҡͷûӡ
УǼƨûķ˷ۣׯӢѧˮһƨ˵ϡ
˵ˣڵŮôдһ˿Ц⣬Ȼڵ
Ůδ䣬ׯӢǶɽͬһһ´ӵϱת۱Ծϣһ˿û
˳ŷָķȥжʱ¶һ˿˷ܵľâһ
ȴֻԶһͬӻµһŮӣȻɢƻʵͬϲĽһ㣬Ѫڡ
ŮǸӢεׯӢׯүŵģԵѾͬ˼ѪƵģˡ
ޣԵأ˼Ůܿ㣿ĴҿҪȰһⶼˣȥԵɡ
ޣ㶮ƨׯүںִܹ͵ģţ2ӣҾͱ֤Ե㶨㿴ׯӢһмĺߵ
˵֮䣬ŮȻ˹
ž
Ȼһ㣬һ±ֱӴϱȥ
ʲôˣüͷȻһŮӶʱͣ˽ŲȻǺʣȻȴȻͬȻһ㡣
ţҵˡ۷Ź⣬Ļķⶼ
˭ЩɻŮü
˭ҪҪǣԤУ͸ҵԵԴҡĺͲ˹Ƶģĵı֤
ôȻ͸һ˿âŮϹһ˿Ц⣬ʵ
ǣȻǣӼҪˣұ֤һҵԵţһԿ
ǡ˼ҲϲءЦ˼Ůɨһϣס
֣ˣࡣͬ׽סʹһ㣬ʱŮǺˣҽׯӢӢǸӢԽӢׯү
ǣǸӰգ۾Ůһǿ
һ仰ȴǲ鵽ûбѪҧгݵĵŮӣʹļ׵İôᣬôӢεģô֣ѵҲЩǳļһһôУУҵԵ
ɰס°ͣŮЩյ룬ǲҮӢҲı䲻һӵʵ
һƽһԼ˵飬һϧ˵֪ŸոռңܴƭԵУڵҲ㣬һʱġ
˼ϾҪءŮЦĿׯӢµ˵
УУ㲻ߣԴֱҪҡˣҧڵ
Ϊʲô˼һҪءգ۾ŮӲʵѵҪ˼ô
УһҪȶܸߡ
˼Ҫأÿ
㲻ߣ
Ϊʲô
ΪΪҪ˳֡ɫ


  ּ
ͨ
ׯӢµ˲䣬ͬʱϵֱҪЦˡ
˳֡ɫǼƷҲ֪ôġ
ᣬ˼ҾǱɫҲҪӽ١˶ţŮͬСŮһ㣬Ϲһ˿һ˿棬ڼСá
Ȼյͬʱ㺮âȻ׼ķϮʺ
磬˸Ϯʲôֻһһ̱㱻һɿֲɱȻϮǰ

΢࣬滨òĵǡõʺ֮ǰɵĽһķɣ˳ӱһ־һ׷°㷴ȥ
ͬʱһ󷭣ͬһֱ߳ӽһ㺮߷˳ȥ
ϵƴӸͬٱƵģһſڴȻֱӰŮӴİ˽ȥ
ιιҪûУŮҵġڿбæ󺰴УԲġ
˼˵ˣ㱻ɫҲҪӽٵģ㻹ʡʡɡ˷ۣЦŴ
ιι˵ĺòãһЦϷȴȻһߵӣĵˡ
ȥһȥһׯӢǳһ£ͻͷ۾Ӷһģһ
絹Ҳб滨һ㣬֮ȻٴԾ֦ٿոӣ͸һ˿ɲЦ⡣
ļһȻ˼һǿ޵ʱ
һﲻʶȴǷǳԷʵģ˵ˣԼڲ¶ݵǰ£Ҳ˼Ҷ֡
ǿɲʲô·ðŮɱĵӣӰɢ˵ĸͽ
أûһǺءѩЦţ΢΢һת˲䣬ٷɳϰöͬʱ˷ȥ
һ£ȴǶʱӺһһ˲ͷųϰöȻǽǶȶǡôͬ׼ȷһ㣬ֶεǷ˼
ת֮䣬ȻһɱĽûȥٲæǷҪɷˡ
ϣ
䲻ƨ˼öӴСеĴQȻϸ۲ͻ֣ᷢȻңÿܹвİֻװ׵ͻ߳Σ
ޣˣҲǷ飬ǰСɽˡвȻΪһƬӰܲ͸磬İ벼֮УֻԽԽܼİҲѾŵͷðˣЦǣ˼ʱҲӶ졣
ˣ
˲Ϣ֮ǰԭһֱµˮҲڶִһ֦һ𣬷һ֮һ֮ׯӢǰһƬӰ˲佫Ϯİ߰˰ˡ
ϣ֦氡ĽأýۼȻһЩᴩˮĽŶͬʱߺȵ
ãˡ㬵ӣˮЩ˼Ļش

˼˼ҪûأҪվű𶯣˼Ҵգ۾һӣѩ˼ҵ׼ͷǺܺˣȥģ˼Ҵ򲻵ء
⻰޳飬Ҳᱼ棬ţ⵽˭鰡λôܰѻ˵ֱ׳񲻴ӦǷ˶һ
Ŷ˼ұĲᣬ廨˺þأ͸һ˿⣬ѩЦţָȻö롣
˵֮䣬öȻƿնȥļӰӡ

⣬΢΢һݣڲٿϷһ̧Źһ
Ϲɱʱ򣬷ͼʶĿ£ȻѩŲֻǷųöѣǣ˵ѾǳΣˡ
˺ܴ˼ôһѩĻᣬɲ׾˷ѵ˻дãϡͿıɵɲԼҪĽ
ι㵽ǰıߵģȻҲҪŻ۸˼ô۾һб̬Ƴ˷һۣѩС
һЦαص棬ʹΣûƬͣͣй΢ת
Ҫ˼ҿɲܱ۸Ůء¶һ˿֮⣬ѩָöɳһȴһŷ
һģѩҲȻЦ⣬·Ϸһ㡣
ٴԷŷ֣ѩʵ֮Ϲɱ־࣬ڲܶý⣬־Լ羢£ֻССöԼ˵ҲѾżѹˡ
ͬʱȴҲ΢΢һɣٴѩǾûϳԼģڷԼ;Բööˣ
΢ǽ͸һ˿âĶĹ켣


  ӵˣ
粢Ŀַ΢ĿѾѰַԼмζˡ
Ϲɱ֪ʶо΢ȻңѧȴѾܹΧϲһЩۼˡ
ͬƺþļٿأ֮ϣȻ֮ͬȻЧȴ֮ͬ
紩
ǷҲеһѹļѾ޷֮ˡ
ϾȻҲùȴվﲻֳ뻯ľ硣
ಣ
ͷ΢ļ֧ͻȻڿתͬԹĽǶȴ䣬ཻ

ûӵѡ񹭼ʱ򣬷Ѿˣ֧֮΢ҲӦˡ
ңкܴԣټϹΣ뵽һЩشļ֮ϡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰǰչֵĿɶǽֲı빭ȫûκιϵ
ףʲôˣɽׯкιϵļ֧Ȼܹת䣬ѩ¶һ˿֮ɫ
²һˣɽׯûʲôϵһ㣬һһͬʱˣڻش
ʵϣҲͲ֪ɽׯʲôͷһĨڵðɲǷϰߡ
ˣһѩȴѹŵģ΢΢һת漴ڵιǼӦ˼һ˼Ҿԭˣòã
ȻЦ⣬ѩͬһ㣬ЦȻ·ȡֵ˵ҲȻġ
ãã˵ϣǷ飬ˡƨֱһ£æĴӦ˿벻ԭϳġ
ãҪǰ˼һˡһֽջأѩ˵
ˣҪһӡӵ͵ļǳԲǴ򣬸ողΣգֵǿӡ
ӣʲôӣ⣬ѩҲһ˿ģӵڻģҲʲôͨĻɫ
ȵȣ˹ˡ˵üͷ΢΢һ˰֣ڴϵ
ⷽ⻰ѩȥоԼԶһɳɳĽŲ
΢΢һݣڷȴֶ˼ڷͣ˼룬Żƿ
ǿӡһۣׯӢʱ˷ܵĿڵ
ʱȴѾûٹ˵ϴˡ
Զһ걳һӣһһӡĻû˿飬·һͨĸ·˶ѡ
ιվס֣Ӷʱ̲סϱ
ŲȻ·ûׯӢĻҲûпһ㣬ûһ˿ҡ
ιι˵أСӣվסӣӶʱЩˣָûУׯүվס
Ȼû˿𻰵˼ǰУϸ۲죬ͻ֣ᷢÿһ̤˾붼һģһ
ѽλֵܣϢһ㿴㱳ôһӣ۰ЦеĴȥһӴӷ˳˾ƺ󷽵ĿڵҪȾôϺõƣһɣǮġ
飡
ЦдչȥͬʱͻȻһשͷסͺºֱ֣һשµ˲䣬ϾȻһƵЦݡ

΢΢һ̽ͬץһ㣬ץס󡣲һֵֻ̽µĲҲͣ
л佱ٺ١Цһֻּƺݸ꣬ԹԵѵץˣҪҲӦץ
µ˲䣬ȻеľƺȻըһɾˮʱͷ¡
ž
ץΪģһ䵽ֱϣһԾҲζȴɵıܿ˾ˮ
֣
ͬʱѩжһݣж˼֮ɫ
Ҫҵӣû˿ı仯ƽĿ˵
ûֻҪӣׯүұ֤Ϊ㡣ĵ˵ͷׯӢ󷽵İֵлңׯүҾ㲻ã̫
֪ʲô
ʧؼׯӢ˫۷Ź⣬Ѿһ
ҵûЩ껺ҡͷĽ͡
ţԴҡĺͲ˹ƵģҪûʲôҴŲϸңҪҿҪûкñҾͲҪˡ
ȰûǲҪĺá겻Ϊƽҡͷ
Ϊʲô
Ϊﶫˣˡ


  Ҫ˯᣿
Ϊﶫˣˡ
Ļᣬ˿壬ûһ˿ɱ⣬ͬ˵һͬԷˮһѰһ
Ȼ򵥵һ仰ȴ˷ѩѹԷô򵥵վǣƺϴȻȴƫƫһԳֵĸо
Ȼڱϣû˿Ĳ
Ҳţҿ΢һҡԴҪȥץӡ
꣡
һȻת˲֮䣬˫һϵӶʱɵ껳УҪãһҴӣû˺ڵĻᡣ
굥ֱӣһֻ֣̽׾ٵĵׯӢĹ
ޣǷʲôʱôׯү˵ҪһҪĺһӽȻһ壬˲Ծһŵų
֮ǰЩһŲĿ磬ֺ׼
ȻƺĺܲףǣǷҲòϣʵͬ
շһţвѩȴҲԲѰ׸ܹµġ
ʵϣոӸѩŶԵʱ򣬱ʵҲԲڱһöͱƵҴˡ
ã
û˿ķϻ국һ֣΢΢һӭһţŵ֮ƣӵĸȻ򿪣ͬһӰֵĺۼ
գ۵Ĺ򣬱гһ߰Ľת˲һ˳ǹһ֣һǹׯӢ˦ȥ
飡
һ߳Ӿ׼̤ǹ֮ϣ¶һ˿֮ɫϸʱȴֺˡ
ԣԣûҪԴٴȥȻȥץӡ
ȻˣôˡƽĴӿ³һ仰΢΢һΣгǹȻһһϢȻ˳ǹӿһǹһǹ̳
˻𣡡
һǹĴ̳ȴ·һŭӳ˯оһ㣬ϢХׯӢ
ǹƲ죬Ȼȴѹȵռ䶼Ϊ֮·ڤѶһ㣬޿ɱܡ
ڤǹ
һ˲䣬ѩɫȻһ䣬̲ס˳ڤˣ
Ϲɱڤһڤǹ²֪꣬ף޶ˣڵϹɱ۷ʱڣҲ˼ڤ֡
еǹȻǵһµױȴڤǹѩһ˳Ȼһ
䣡
˵֮䣬һǹȻ£ӳŲν죬Σ֮£ȫһű˳ȥȻȴվûܵסһǹһ㱻˳ȥڿбһѪߵǹϵҽŸǱϢʴؿȶʴȼϡ
Ȼ⻹ԶԶĮǹߣׯӢ׷ȥǹȵָӵʺ
ӣСģۼׯӢ̲סеƲ΢΢һ𣬸ոմѩһѰʱͬʱһԵȥ
ͬʱҲͬʱ׷ȥһשĳֱȡ곤ǹ
ž
һܼȴֻ걳Ȼһƣ˲嵲סʮöͬʱײ֮ϣҲ֪ӾʲôɣȻӲһӡû¡
飡
ǹׯӢʺֻв˲䣬İשҲ䵽ǹϣǧһ֮䣬Ӳǹ⵴ǰܿӵҪֱ
̧ͷɨѩһۣ국ڵڤǹôҲδء
䣬гǹȻջأ˫ַɿ֣գ֮䣬ֱһѽС
û˷Ӧһ̽ٴνЩץʱ򣬱ֱһ˫ֳ̣˫ֱ֣ׯӢϮȥ
Ϣٴֲֶ˴
ˮѾٲ֣͵Ÿʰɣۼûܹ̲סֻûˡ
ޣأأһ룬Ȼ֣ת۵Ĺˮ뷽綼֪ܵȥˣӰûˡ
Զ֮С
¶һ˿΢Цˮǰ
ÿǽĺˮɫļΪһ˿⣬㲻æҲͰˣƭʲô
㲻һֱôʼ磬Ȼڵ
ÿ˷ۣˮȴѹķϻˣǱׯӢŲסˣҲȥ
ģǲµģֻҪССһҡ΢˫ֱأȻˮ
Īɨ˷һۣˮʵ
ž
ˮʻͬʱȻΪһӰת˲֮䣬һֵˮĲϣɴİˮ˹ȥ
Ϲһ˿õЦݣʼ磬Ҫ˯᣿ˮܿͻˣұ֤ܻ
˵ͬʱɿİˮϵ·ͳֻСƿĨĨת֮䣬ˮӣǷҲģµΩΩФ


  ǳ
ۣ
һѪׯӢ޷޵Ļ쵰ǻͷ߳ȥСɽ
֣ȻȻѹ·磬ģҲոһ֮ͲûŪˡ
꣡
һש˫նϣһ˳岽ȥǿȶסΣǡСǻ쵰Ҳô
Ĺʵ̫ˣңÿһι֮ж̺֮һմ˾ҪԴ
˫̡㵽˭Ķ꣬ѩԼоͷƤһ飬ӵĸоʵ̫ˣҲȫûܹսʤİա
Ů˺̫زǺ¡ƳѩһۣƽڵȻһ֪Ҳһ·
һжҲȫȻû˿˼ɵģȻֱӿѩ

˵֮䣬ͻȻһ֮ת֮䣬һɾ콣ƿն͸ǡ
ƣ
һûϮߣɫȻˣҲû֮ǰ⣬˫̻ǰɴķ˶ׯӢĹ
䣡
˫ȻһȻ٣ȴӲӭŶԷƿնһȥ
ֲײ˲㼴ֿȻ˳ȻϮġˮȴǽ˿˽ס
ӱϿƺռ˱ˣϾǶԷȳ֣ȴǲִӦսһԷ˳ȥ
ϸһЩˮеĽֹҪ̸ıˡ
ˮеĸͲǽһ֦ոմ֦ϡܹ֦ϵЩ¶ˮ
⣡סе˫̣껺ڵ˭
ҿˣٲҪһˡܵϢʴһһߺȵ
ģɷ顣¶һ˿Ц⣬ڵСĻڡ
ޣʱոȥˣ
˯ֱ׳ĿڵСȥңҲ˯ԣǼסǷһΡ
ôȥ˯㾹ȻҲ˯šׯӢʱ㱻
Ϊʲô˯ţ̯̯֣緭˷۷ʵ
ˣСأͻȻʲôٴʵ
ˡ㬵ӣЩ˼˵

һ˿΢ɲЦ⣬Ŀٴ䵽ϡ
Щһֱظһ˸Ǵյһ𣬾Ϊ˽Ȥݡ
˵ϰߣʣǸԵĿͷһЩС綼Ѿѧ˸ʮ㣬ׯӢΪ͵⣬Լٰ磬˶ʱαװˮݳ֣޷죬ׯӢһʱҲûܷκ
Ҫȵˮ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʼ磬ȴѹĽ͵ģֻ΢΢еĽðɣе֦΢΢һĽٴ֦ͨ͸˳ȥ
ž
˫΢΢һе˫ٴαһѽУ껺˵óĽҸȽ
˵֮䣬꾹ȻֹĽЩһ͸Ĵ󽣣ңָ硣
ᵽʱ¶һ˿֮ɫǸĴˡ
һΣҲ⻰ͿˣĴˣʲôɣ
״͸һĨɱת˲ҲţᰴеĴ󽣣һһٵ˵
Ҫһѣ޹գգ۾ε˵

һΣȴûȤϻˣ̧֮䣬һֲͬĽҲֻ֮Ǵ֮ϳ˽⣬ҲȻ͸һϢ
꽣
ѵĴӿٴ³֣ѩҲѾԼЩ²𺳵˵ˣ⵽ʲô˰ȻÿһαŪôֲʽѵ˵ѾͬʱĵϹɱôඥǿߵĴôҲ̫˼˰ɡ
̫
ӿ³֣֦΢΢һתת˲֮䣬һԲȦӹȥ

һеĴȻһ䣬ͬ׹ŷնȥƴ󿪴ϣȫȻû˿ء
ۣ
΢΢һе֦һ㾫׼䵽˴󽣽֮ϣԷӲƴ΢΢һŴڿоһĻԲ
ֻôһûκȻ˵ȴһҪѪĸо
ִ󽣵ն䣬ֻ֮ҪӲӲײϣ׾ٵնϷе֦һ֮£Ҫ˷硣
ȻһȴȻ˿ճ·ȫһȭȴ˻һ£䵽˿մһ㣬ôìܸУѰѪˡ
Ľ⣬Ͷ֮䶼ĪĪ⡣
ʵϣ˽⣬һĽжڷ˵Ѿû̫ˣ̫ǿ콣裬ʵûκҪǣ̺ڽ֮УϵȻĽ⡣
û˵ˣ˿ĽⱾʾϵȻ֡
һ
ֻҪӿ־ͿսĽ࣬¶Էܹ졣
֦ϵĻȦһԲȦ಻֮䣬㽫Էǣ
ЩŶڽս̣ѾܹԼĹ֮пʲôˡ˵ѩûмԼʹý⣬ǵǸնɱĵؽ׽ӸҲӽ֮ϳ
ȻңӻǵľǿߣǱһˡ
ҿʲôʱô̬ˣԭȥΧŹţȻ˿̿һ˾ȻͰѹׯӢȴǶʱĿɿڴ

ۿԼ𽥱ѹƣʱȻ˿˼һֽԼеĴ󽣲
Ȼǽ⣬㵽ʲôˣô׾⣿һ˿֮ɫʵ
֮ǰȻƺƴҲֲͬĽ⣬ȻʵϣֻʵֻһּѣνĽ⣬ֻһЩݳĶѣԸὣˣȻһ˽ǿߣʱμˡ
飬ˮĴ˸Ƿֵ̯̯Ѿʹһˡ
׽ʲôŷ磬껺ʵ
롣ͷüһᣬε˵ǽ̫ҼǲˣʵǼ鷳飬ļǡ

ˣȻ˽ҲҪѧȦȦĽҪҡ˫ðĶס˷磬ׯӢ˷ܵĿڵ
Ҳõܻ˵һٴδеһѽȴ˲ٴαΪһԶꪣƽƽؿڣʸ֪ҵˣ߽ɣ


 ڰ ģҪ
ꪣ
ꪶ׷꣬ʵϣս֮ϣꪵ˲࣬ꪵľ͸Ƿëˡ
Ƚʧ֮󣬾ȻֱóһԶꪣʮƣ˵ԷöǾʹĳˡ
һָоֱ˿̶Է
ƫ棡
нȻһ䣬ȴǶʱ̵̫Ĵ򷨣һ֦ͬ籩չݺᡣ
ĺãһ˿߰ս⣬߽һ̤˫һεİɫӰնֱԱͻƷ罣ķ
һַǳҲǳԵĴ򷨣ЩʲôɣǿʵӲͻƣνɽȥеĻɱֲ
üͷȻһͫȻһĪĿ־Ȼĵð𣬼Ҫչ־ˡ
İɫӰѹʵ̫ˣǸͲǵĽ߽ܹġ缸ܹ׵ĸо̺ɱ¾Լฺļϣ˲ľͻһֲеĸо
ûѩڣ־ˣȻȴǾԲʩչģƱػѩ뵽Լݣƽ
һŸոտʼ£ɲôͷ
׽
û˿ԥڲԵ˲Ȼе֦˳ȥͬʱ߶֦٣ǰɫİ¹ӰɵԼ֮ǰ
䣡
һֲıըȻǰɫİιӰڿбֲֿĸϢȻԴ˱żԶֻԶԶıɨһ㣬Ҳ΢΢һͣЩѹƲסеɱ⣬Ҫ׿һɱ¾һ
ѪӰ㵽ʲôˣѩԼжˣЩ˭õһֶ˷ܵ˯žˣһӾƴһҲδܹﵽ۷壬οôֱ֡ǵ߸νŵ֪ˣٺõ츳Ҳͬʱͨôž
Ůٲæѵһô嵹ɳȥ˵ѩ߳ڵѵǶˣܷŹ㣿
⣬ѩ΢΢һָһ㣬ָ֮䣬ʮɳֱͬȡ߽Ҫ
߽Щ˼ֶΣѾѩľ裬ңҲԳԿԷǲӵô
ҪǣҲͬϣ÷ǰ£ҲԸǾô򵥵ˡ
Ȼ˵ˮڱֳĿֲսҲֵԭ֮һ
һϹɱ֮Уʵǿģ˵мѹûаնԸġܹһ֣ô˵ֵܷһĻֻ¾㵽ϹɱҲ档
ſϷôˮ۾Ȼһɣѩ漴תׯӢ
ֱ˿̣һηѰ㣬ųΧ߽ɣ
ߣ
ƺһ߽ȴȻȻ壬жꪻΪһŹӰָĴģȴǸ˸ӧ档
һ̣ѩȴǲһֵսʱУʵֲ̫ˣֲ
һ˲䣬ѩԺȴǲһͷ߽뷽罻֣Ӯ˻˭
뵽ԷʱηУԼǿµʵٶȣѩȻľãջµˣǷ硣
ôȥҲǰ취ǰΣսһǿ߽սƽ֣ʵз
ȻǷ绹ѩʵʵҲʵ˭ָұ֤ԷһѾȫأ
Ϊ־磬˭һ㱣ֶˣͷҲǲ˱¶ġ
˵ˣܿﶫģֻˡĮȻҡͷ߽ɵǰ⣬û˿ò˼
ҲԼɨһۣ㿴ĶЩҲԶﶫȫɣɵı⣬˵ߣ㵱˶ɱ
⣬߽ȴҲĬս̶ֳȣҲѾǼˣƴҲܹʤҪնɱȻҲȫûпܵġ
ۿ߽Щ⶯æ˵ȸҲΪϹɱɣϹɱĴУСִʲô
⣬߽ɵɫڻȻԸȴҲ֪Լ޵УıΧҲֲʲô֮ѩʵѾʶģǾԵĸ֣ܹ໥֣ʤȻʹĶࡣ
ãֻҪĲٿҵӣҿԵʲôûзһ£߽ɼ˵УҪǴӦһ¡
ޣѵׯүôǴӦһ£Ϊ˭ׯӢʱ̲סݺݵ˾ƴһƣɱ⣬Ǹɵ㡣
ҿӦ㣬ʲô˵һֹ֣ӵĻ˵
ιιҿûдӦƾʲôҴӦӶʱ㲻ߺһ𣬷·˶ίƵء
ΪĴˡ˷ۣĿڵ·ʲô쾭һ㡣
ۣ
ôƷɣ˲ЩΣûϻбһƷô
Ҫǰһˣҡҡͷ߽ɻ˵
⣬˵Ŀⲻ䵽ѩϣ֮ǰòҲ˵Ҫһ˰ɣֻǻûü˵ͱˡ
Ҫ˭΢΢һЩЦʵ
磡
ҲҪѩ΢΢һ漴ЩŵʵҲΪɱ䣿
ɱ䣿ƲƲ죬߽ɵڵûȤΪǲͻ
⣬ѩȴǲԽĺˣ˵֮ǰãôҷ鷳ΪɱģôʲôѵϻʲôԼ֪ܣ
ȵȡ磬˭ɵĿ߽ɺѩʵ
㲻֪磿¶һ˿Ц߽ɵΪһһˣǰЩӸոձңΪӣְϹɱַͼͳú𽿤һλ㵱治֪ô
һ˲䣬粻Ŀɿڴʲôʱ˼ҽԼʱҲԻ˵ôһλģ
ðɣⲻص㣡
ȵȣҷҲܡŮΪʲôҲҪҷ磿ׯӢЩŵĶѩ˵òǸǼһʲôϸɣҵԵϲ˵ġ
ӽŵӣѩвһ˿׽Ū֮⣬ЦĵͷûأȻǼһ˼ʼǲ˼ң˼Ҿϲأ˵ô죿
ۣ
⣬ȴǶʱЦ˳СŮ֪ԼԱţʲôı飿
ʼһ˲䣬Ӷʱһ±ҧгݵ쵰ôϲּһ
ιӣȥӵͷܣæ׷ʵ
ģҪ


 ھ ҾǷ簡
ʵҲзģҾǷ簡
ק滨糾͵קһƵˮг˳ֱܵѩߡ
Ƿ磿ѩֱЩЦˣһﻹ浱ʲôذȻð䷽硣
ޣСģ˭ð䣬㾹ȻðǸ쵰ҵôһק磬ׯӢݺݵ˵
˭ðˣȥûĺһһ߿ӣѩ˵ʵҴû㣬ֻǲ֪㣬ںˣԼˣָңǣ֣һֱߵġ

һ˲䣬ȫһƬžӵĺƤһ̣ҲһˣȻ־ô˭ĳԱ
ô˼֮ǰķ磬ɸһҲһأЦĿŷ磬ѩһָҧסһ˼ı飬ɰ˼̲סҪ§
ʵϣҲȷʵôģһֱֱѩȥ
꣡
һһҲѩζֻһͷѾʵĴȻһ˦֮䣬첲ʱŤѾʣ˶ӷ˳ȥ
ι˵Ƿ磬֪˼ҵôЦСߵǰᰴڷؿڣѩ¶һʵ

У֪˼ҷҪʲô𣿡΢΢ƣڷ粱ϣгջ
㲻˵ϲô亹΢Щʵ
ǰ˼Ҳɱ˲źء

ڣ㻹ǷôָڷؿϻȦѩһڴĿŷʵ
ǣôᣬҾǿЦʵҽзģǣʵҸͲշһ˲䣬ɫʱòҰףԴҡĺͲ˹ƵģǱֱһģһ
СڷϣԶԶ˳ȥѩȻ򷽴ƥڹ˼ˣ㲻İɣ
ûУ϶ûУЦıȿ޶ѿҧߺߵ
ãСģðǻ쵰ֻĿŷ磬һ˷ܼӡ
ʵϣֹӣ˶̬ȣĸ߽Ҳһ
Ψһˮ򷽴۹УԼһ˿֮⣬ˮȴվʲôû˵Ȼһӣ·ʲôûзϡ
ˣܣʲôȦȦĽͻȻʲôӶʱתĿ꣬һͷˮ
ᡣ۾ûգһ£ˮֱӾ͸˻ȥ
ιι̫û˰ɣ˽ôĽ̸ǡĵˮҧгݵ
Ľ̡۽ɨһ·磬ˮµ˵ن£ҾղŴСһ㡣
ӶʱΪ֮һͣ㬵ĺһЩĪûСĸ
һˮȴǸɴĴˣθ⻰ʷأö˶˵ԼݳҲͰˣԼﰡ࣬Լһ͵͵ţ˵ͺˡ
ˣ˵иϧӺҲҪȥϹɱ˵ǸòɣԼѾʵĸ첲ԭʹģȴҲȻǲʡ
ոһݣѾԼժˣǻһΪĹֻҪһʼٶԷԼԲǷͷѸıˡ
İɣϧȫľҷϣ߹ȥҲȤġЩЦҡҡͷѩ˵
罫ͼȥһ֣ʵ̫ˣ򶨣ϢʱҲûѪֱ̫ˣȻôһķһӽȫ̼ƻˡ
ϧô¶һ˿⣬߽ͻȻڵʵҵǺڴܹ
Ȼû˵˶׵ĴӸ߽ɵĿһݲмɱһҲ̫˰ɣȻϧҲɱ
ٸ·ɣǰǼԭˣҪ˭ȵ˵ҡҡͷѩ˵

ԭ
ӰɢˣôãҪʲô͸һĨɭȻɱһȣɭȻڵ
ܼ򵥣ҪʲôҾҪʲôƽĴѩ߳Ӱɢ˻ڵ˿ڵ˼
ңԳ֣ܻӳҾѾˣ֪֮£ܷӳսɣĳɣ¶һ˿ЦﻺڵòҪң򣬿Ҳһ˭Ƭԭ֮ϡ
ңͻȻֱ֣ƳӰɢˣһս֮£͸壬׽Ӱɢڵľֱ˿̣ǲڵĽ⣬ӰɢҲûȥ
ʵϣӰѾɣк֣ӰɢҲ޷ˡ
ϷȻˣɱҲͬ̽ȡȻǿӲӰɢȴҲվûжﶯ֡
Ȱ㻹Щ뿪ĺãϹɱĽҵżҽȥô
Ϲɱֻ¿ţ׵ǿǿн룬ܵõκζ⵽ռ䷴ɣһ
ȻȥĮȻһӰɢ˵ڵ
ҲʵҲûдȥֻҪЩµСϹɱгʳˣ
ЩӣϹɱķӡɶഫг˵һˣЩǿߣҲϹɱʵֲ̫ģ˸޷Ӳ
ңĴڣȴѾڻɵһǷˣϹɱЩйϵǽȻо춯صĴ³ְ
طϻǷֿɣ˭ܵõʲôƾһֱңǱ㲻ڷָˡչǰ̤һȻһɿֲɱɴĿڣ˿ء
ĬƬ̣Ӱɢվǵ˵ͷʧѩ֮С
Ŀ꣬ʵǷ磬ϾϹɱַлʲôǷȴǵĵȷȷɱġ
ڲգˣӰɢҲƴƣȻȻʤӶ࣬ȴҲ벻һ۾ˡ
Ҫ֪ҪԵҲϧһ˰򶼷֪ǿ߻һЩͬ׵ǿҲδؾͲỳͬ˼
ԣҵ֮ǰǲԸﶯֵġ
ԭѼӰıԭȴԴԴϵӿ룬ɱ¾ʱݡ
һ֮ã֪ж䣬ֻǿ߲л󣬻÷Ļر
棬û˭ƿ


 ʮ ѩҹϮɱ
ѩ衣
һ̤ϼԭط·𶼻ɫĿԶһƬããѩɫһ˿
ѩëڿ֮䣬ԼЩϻʹ
¶Ҳ罵ͣԭ¶ȶʮȣңŲϵ룬¶ȻڲϵĽͣ˵ͨˣֻ֣£ҲҪܴܵӰ졣

һſڱһ룬³Ҳ˲仯Ϊֻתס壬糣˵
ϾĻжһ㵭ѹָУĻ£Ҳ˻ЦˣҲĬ˲١
ʱֿΣ̧ͷ˿ķѩ߽ͻȻڵ
ֿ⻰һʱһ㶣ͬʱĿתѩ
ʱʸģҲֻи߽ɣѩԼˮˡ
ͬ⡣˵ͷѩ漴ת򷽴˵ˣǴӦģҪҵ硣
û⣬Ƕû簡Ҫô𣿡ʼ磬漴ڵ
ҡһ˦֣׳һӭչȴֻ֮Ļһ꣬黭Ǵʦü֮䶼üΪ񣬲òյһ˵Ҳ͸ī¶˳
һ̣ǷҲЩĿɿڴˣֱĳĶˣֻҪϹӱϲ˰
ϧ棬Ϊǰͼϵȥұˡһѩ˵УҪʱעóýĸ֣һϢ̵ȼ㣬Ȼ̵ʱ֮ڸϵ
˵֮䣬ѩóֻɫĶַˣɱ˴źã֮ڣκ˵ȼ㣬ҶܸоĵԷķλ
óͼǰ֮һ£ѩ˵֮۽ΣＯϡ
߽ʼδһֻۣĬĬӻ˷ѩ֮УҲȻһĳȣÿһľ붼ȫͬ
˫ֱؼ䣬ǶʱĹһ˿Ц⡣
˲ͬӵĻڷ˵õԳͬұˣ
һ㣬֮ѩ֮УɲĿĵߣĸѩ
ѩõȻαװ

ʲôĵеƲһ·üͷˮʵ
Դӷֿ֮ˮüͷһֱţƺʲôһ㣬һӽȻͬ
òСİɣ˵Ҳ֣ǼһﲻһߣһԽԽˣǷķ緶ˡ뵽磬ׯӢ̲סڵ
죬Һ͸߽ɽ֣ǻӡôҡҡͷˮԥһ£ǿʵ
Ȼӡ󣡡۾ʱǴһ֦Ӳѹǻ죬ƵҸȽء
Ƚôһ䣬ˮɫ˼֣ȴվûаѻ˵
Ȼļǵãѩ˵ǸҲóýġ
ôˣ˵Ҫصġ濴ˮӲĵٴ׷ʵ
ûʲôֻôҲ벻ôˡĴһǷˮ˵
ҷˣҲ˻ˡ
Ҳɡνʼ磬ˮ漴ڵˣҸطǺú˯һֱȥϾˡ
ǲҷˣЩʵ
ҪȥҺˣҡûĺһˮһƨҲǻѩ
ңȥңҲҵģа̾һˮȴվûа⻰˵ȻѾԲµİ˾ŲʮˣȻЩˮȴȻǲǡ
һɱۡģѩǸ߽˭ʤԼûκιϵҪĲǰ˭취Լɱ֮ժΨһ

ҹĻ٣ѩ֮УҲǣԭڰ֡Ȼ˵ڰΣյġ
ѩĬĬڵϣͳһڿھѩˮ£ľɰ˿в
ȻͬʱΧȴıʮ˰Χҹɫѩӵ
ҿҲ̫Ư˰ɣϴ󣬴Ҫ¸ҰɣŲϽӽԼѩӣһв¶һ˿а֮ɫ
Ĳͷˣ·һϴ˶ݺݵĵһۿڵܲܶǿԴ룬ͨŮ˿ֵܵطô
ģɲʲô򵥵ĻĽҰ⣬ļԭǴ˵Ϲɱַڣûһ˭ҵοԷһƯŮˣǱ߸Ϊˡ
ʵϣ˶࣬ң۷ǿߣҲ׶ˡ
ֻ߻û˵꣬ѩȴȻ
ȻŸѩֻᶶ˶֣Ȼʮ㺮ⱬսĻ
ɱ뱻ɱɱ˵˵ֱѰˣѩû˿Ӧġʵϣ̤뼫ԭһ˾Ͷǳÿʱÿ̶б˻ɱΣգΪʵ̫ˣ˶ʶҪһЩ֡
ۣ
ת˲֮䣬ù֮䱻ν͵ϮʱһЦһʱ䣬ʣ˶ʱȫ˳
һ֣
ת֮䣬ʮͬʱ۷ǿߣν졣
ǻѰףֵֻĻᶼС
ȻˣǾȫ˼°ɡȻһ˿âѩָᵯһɳϰö룬Ϯˡ

£ѩҲٲ˽ֱȫԸȫնɱ
ಣ
ת˲֮䣬Ƿƿ֮ССѩĿ֮£ͬ߻Ϣһ㣡
ƴˣת֮˱ɱʣȴǶʱۣĽȫֱѩȥͼַʽ϶ԷĹơ
ϧһööȴͬ۾һ㣬쵽޷׽û˿ص˼־ǿѹ˴û
Ȼ⹥֮䣬ѩȴȻһģĺӰٶȿ쵽˼£δ˿ȴ͸һɾ콣⣬Щ˵Ĺ֮ȻȥڰеĶһ㣬һ
ûһӱ⴩͸ķѩߣҲǶ̶̵һӶѡ
׵ͻϮȴ绹Ҫ죬ȶ߻ҪݣϢ֮䣬ֱӷɱ
ȵѩӦʱѾ޿ɱˡ


 ʮһ ף
ǧǧᣡ
⼰˲䣬ѩһ˿ɫҧ⣬һѪһѪɫĽȻǰ뽣ཻһ޵Ѫɫ̿һص䵽ѩϵʱѾʮһǳǳĴһƤȴҲˡ
˲Ĺѩ˫Ȼһģ˳ңվȡ
ˣ͸ĽҲȻѩľ㽫֮ش
Ѫ˿ɶɣ
˿ԥѩ˲ϢٴһھѪ˳
Ҳ˵ǳ͵Ϯ֮ΣΧЩȴǶʱ˴ùˣеѪݺཻϰٸ·裬գ۵Ĺɱˣֻʣǿļǿ߻ǿ֧ţҲѾŵɫ԰ףֻ޲ܶһˡ
㣿
ѩȻ͵Ϯ֮˵ӣȻһס˶Է
һ£ϹһЦݣؿڣˮʼ磬΢Ц֡
ΪʲôҪɱңһ˿ľ죬ѩڻ̲סʵ
۴ʲôǶϿƺˮûʱԼֲŶԣȻ͵Ϯȴǳ׳Ԥϣֲִĸо
ԩ޳𣬳ȻСĽһ䣬ڵﾡģҴӦһΣһȻδȡ߹Ȼ㲻ٳˡ
Ȼһ㣬ȴȫû˿ԥһתɴ˷ѩ֮Уת֮ʧӰ٣·ûгֹһ㡣
ԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬû۾Ҳ˿̧֣ŹΣۼŷȥǼȴд󼱣ǿûǷֶΣѪ߱֯Ĵ֮нģֻӲͷƤ
ôϻ͸һĨɱѩȴǶʱеŭ⾡йЩùϡ
Ѫ˿ɶɣ
һھѪˣ˷ѵĵʢŭ֮£ȫ֣Щֿܹͨģת֮䣬۷ǿߣһ𶼾ѩնɱĸɸɾ
ֱ˿̣ѩҲȻصŷʱһ仰У
⻰Ǽ٣Է⽫ԼΪʲô
ģҪɱԼ˾˭
һ˲䣬ѩȴͻȻ˸߽ɵӰѵ
һˣѩȴԽԽÿܣһսԼ˸߽Ϣȥ߽ҲȻд鷳˵ڣҲ̫⡣
ֻǣǵɱԼΪʲôҪˮ֣
Щѩȴô벻ˣֻĪжڸ߽ȴǶ˼ֽ䱸֮⡣
ԭǴ߽ˮⷽϧӵģǣŪֵزȴǰѾŪԽǧ˿Ƶͷȴôˡ

ѩ֮УҲһ
ոһ磬ʵϣȴҲѾǷڲ¶ݵ£ܹļˣ⻹ֻ֮£ƳֵĽ潻棬ˮݣȴǸѩֵġ
ѩƴ֣뿪˵ãҲֻܱ¶ݣǿĨɱѩˡ
Ȼһȫ֣߳ϵİܹɱѩǱ㲻ҪЧˡ
ѩ߽໥ǣƣǷڵĿġ
ߵ£񣬷ſʼĵѰϧӵˣȻɱ˭ˣ˭ﱾҲͻǲһģ
ϮɱϧӵĶ֣ǰɱĻǾһˡ

㵽ʲôŸոմӱһŤ֮Уʵ
ôⰡķ˷ۣˮû˵˯ľٲҡ
ʵʲôʱôǿģҲͬĿڵҲʶ֪ˣڱ˴˵ʵһˮʵʵЩ̫ˡ
⣬ˮĬƬ̣ŻҡͷǲұʵΪ֣ӣǼסڣֻǲһޱȽСĲǡ
һˮãڻǾһ¡
ﰡ˵ҵģǿǷ顣ҡԴׯӢֵĿڵ˵ˣҲǺ׼ĵƴʱҲδؾǡ
Ȼڱ˶һɵӣȻʵϣȴҲԲɵӣһԲеӣ߰˷ֶǹװġǵֻбһʵڼʶ߽ɺѩǵʵ
ˣϢɣҹڲƽʱضһСĲǡ

ۣ
ȻɳնɱҪ͵ϮԼļһѩȴûж
ڣԸһ֣һЩףҲѾҪԳˣֻҪ߶׾ٵĽ֮նɱ
ٶȴǱԼֶֻҪĶࡣ
⻹ǸոţܷӳеҪὫҲˡȻڷ˵ȴһǳ·
һʲôʱܹҲڽȥ֮߶⣬ԣʵȻܹһΡ
ȻڲǴ羢ıϵġ
һתڵȴһˬ졣
ڷ˵ɲֻķţһķţһɣҲĸоԼʵ
ûеõ֮ǰȣʵٶȼһԤУû˿İٶȣ಻£Լܴﵽ۷壬ֻҪһ̤ɹٱܳΪؽǿˡ
ֶΣҲֻʵΪҪģŵؽ׵ʵֺαôСĿƾ棬ֻҪԾԵʵѹȥˡ
ͻȻ֮䣬ȴԼоһѹָУת֮䣬ɢ˿ȥ
Ѫػ񣬷൱ڵؽ۷ĳ̶ȣ£Ѿ˵ȫܹһκ֮ˡ
Ȼ˿̣ȴȻԲԷϢֻƾ̿͵ıܣоƺ˿ڲѡ
ϸϸĸоΧÿһֱ仯һ˲䣬ȴڴӿ֮вһ쳣
Ȼһ쳣ȴѾ÷׽еĲġ
ķӦԶǳܹģת֮䣬ȻӦ˹ԷӦˣϢһ˿覴ãĻԼǾƲ಻ġ
һˣȴǲһ亹ؽ۷޷ĴڣǺεȿֲʵ
ףʵǿߣһ̣ȴһƴͷûС
˵ǿߣҲԲڵԼܹӦģ־ʵѹʵֲ̫ˡ
ȻأһȫȻûвԷӣȴҲٴֵֻǻϢڵϢʱ׼չ־ˡ


 ʮ ǣô
ոչȥǼһƺǺöҪҵķɣСֹһ䣬еĽԹϧ˿ɲǵģҲ֪˭ôĪʲôɣ
˵ͬʱȻоΧĿռһ΢Ƭ֮䣬ֲֿѹָвŻɢȥ
ֱһ̣΢һ̽ȷû˿쳣֮ŷɿ˷ѩ֮У෴ķȥ
뵽ԼԷķʽб㲻һЦֻǱһԼ֣ȻİǿƭˡԼԱĿ֣εȵȻ󲨡
뵽⣬ȴǲȻһ٣˲һͷ
ǲôãǾԸɴɱһٸ֡

չеĻһۣЩٴΰѻ𣬡ģⶼˣӰӶûп֪ˣαػؽչ
αؽߵСҡҡͷнӹЦŷϿɱģǺεȿֲľܹõɱ䣬Դʵܼܿǿ֮УǷ˴Ϲɱ֮Ҳ㲻ʲô
⻰ǲ٣ƴϹɱ򲻾Ϊ˻һЩϹɱĴôʲôܹɱ⣿ƴһȥһ֪ʲôĴУɱ˷ȡɱˬ졣
ԴʵǷһֱţǻֵƨΧҲŸ͵
걾Ȼʲô֮Ҳû̫ıȻȴĵȷȷǶɹٵĵؽǿߡ׷ɱĵڡ
ǣô
̤ŷѩһϮڷѩ֮Եúм粢ûпͷʲôɱ⣬Ȼ򵥵һ仰˵ȴԶķѩǡ
ոտ˶ڷӡȻǼΪ̵ģһɨʱȷ˷ݡ
̤Ьٴȫѹ򣡡һ˲䣬һ˶ʱϲָŷЦ·˶ıƵġ
룡
ӰȻһ˲Ϣ֮䣬ȻԭһӰһָŷ˵ʺʱ¶һĨѪɫһYY˻֮ת۱㵹˵ϡ
͸͸˿ӦĻᡣ
˲ɱ
һ׵ǿߣڷûܳŹһȥ𺳶ʱ˶סˣŵؽʵ꣬Ҳһ󷢺û˱ʤİա
Ǳ䣬΢΢ҡͷֻʵǱ̫ʧˡ
˴𻰵Ļᣬһ̣Ȼٴζ־չͬҹ֮еĹһ㣬Ʈûֱܹƶķλһ֮䣬һߣɱݽ档
磡
һͷſûܹģһ̣·ȻΪմѪɫɱ
쵰еһսߵͬһɱ۾ʱͨ죬Ҫˡ
Ȼǿֲٶȴʵ̫ˣһչΣԸһ׵ʵҲ޷ֽࡣ
ֻзˣͷŷΧԵĹȷԼ档ȴаΧԼֵܣҪͷŷΧǼֱǰЩֵҲһȥһ𹥻ʱԼŻΪĹ֡
һսԴ˷ȫ֮ԱǵģĪ˵̿ʹ㲻мսҪսô˵Χ֮£Ҳ̸ʲô
սǴ̿͵ؾᣬѹûдǵؽǿߵ˼еĻ˵ϣֱǾɱɴ䡣
̶̲ӵʱΧǷʬҰѩ֮ȻѪ͸͸һŨصѪζ
⻹ǷΪ֮ĽԴ羢ıذ׵Ļû˭ܹһʱǿԸѹ
ħħҪɱ㣬ɱ㣡ۼԼֵһɱҲѾҪˣ񻹻ŵģҲֻǸСӺˡ
۽ɨһ꣬ǵĮؽס㽫Ƿĳնɱĵˣ
ò˵򵥵һ仰˵ȴ˲γһֲֿ֮ѹһ˿롣
ˣǾ˵֮ǰѾؽ˼ϰԼһֱ֮ΪƾĵȽѹƣ·ҲֻһЦѡ
Ȼ⻰ʵҲԣȻľԣȴվǱɱģ˿̣ɽǵˡ
㲻ҪɱôұԴ·̹ͬǺȻйιǿ־塣
ɱ
ӿ³һ֣ɱ˲ϢΧѪʬԵÿֲ죡
Ѫɱ֣·͸ħڿУͬʱУϵƸ֮䣬ﵽؽǿ߿ĵز
ʵϣĽǷԼҲȫû뵽ģΧʬѪɱȻмӳɵЧ
ܹѪɫתһɱֵС
ʱȴоЩʱˣգ֮䣬ҲƲסɱ⣬һƽƽ̳Ѫɫɱ֣ɱ뽣񱬳ͬһ籩㽫С
ѵն
սȻ£Ҳͬǲϧƴ߶ˣؽ׵ʵȻһɱ֌һ
䣡
ֲײͬһըһ㣬ΪĺȻ翪Ƭ֮䣬ನƽϢȴ֮õģ͸һ˿ѪսҲ˼ڣȻȴȻǿվš
ɱҵؽףͲܹģɱңȻȻܵشǾϴȴվ׿ɱȣɱֲֿɱ֮£ҲûҪ
ԭѾģһȴȻһ˿ϣٴһս⡣
ϧû뷽ƴɱֻһ˦ֱֽ˦˳ȥһεס˲ټ

ʶĻӵһ£ȻܿķɵĳȴֻڿһȦٴԸٶȵɶءһ˲ʧ񣬾׼Ĳࡣ

û˲˲䣬ȴڻøոɵ˾ɱ
ʵϣԭԷƿأԶԶӦǿУǣһȴõʵ̫ˡǡǡڶԷոսɱ䣬شȴмޱȵ˲䣬Ȼ֣䲻Ȼ⼸ܵľɱ
ڴ̿˵ԽʽԽãĴ̿ͣʵʱ̣ѡʺϵֶζѡ
ֻҪƵĺãְѽڵϣҲͬľɱ
⣬Ǵ̿ͣ
񲢷Դ̿͵ݳ֣ϰȴҲı䣬ң¶˿
΢΢ҡͷƳСһۣȴҲɱ֣һ˷ѩ֮С
ǷĴֻСӣ´Ϣģһɱɾ˵ˬ˭ԼֵϢȥأ
⼫ԭǲ֣ԼΪ֮һѻɡ


 ʮ Ӱɢ
ʱת˲š
ԭϢѴԭһնɱʮλǿߣһؽסʵ˭Ҳһ㷣Ҫѷ統׵ȴǴ඼ͷֻĸ֣Ż׷Ѱ䡣
ֻǹǣ쾪һ֣ͬٴδӼԭʧһ㣬ƾ㷭죬Ҳ޷ҵһ˿ĺۼ
ȻҶˣǻһ°ɡɨһۣѩڵ飬ҲѾ˵ˣΪһǲҪٷֿΪá
·ûбˮ͵ϮһѩȴҲûһ硣
˵ŻȴȻһѹֵĸоʱٴӿͷֻǱȴ˿¶ֻǰȴĴ˹֮ϡ
˭һȻԾ߽ɵУȻ͸һĨ⣬ʵ
е˼һڽвأӰɢȴǵӷѩ˳Ǵһ˿⿴߽ɡ
ʦٴμӰɢˣѩȴǲȻһæǰ
ˣض񡣡˰֣ӰɢĿѩɨһ£㱻ˣˣ
һСˣ¡ƳˮһۣѩЦ磬µҲͻزˡ
˵ͷӰɢ˵Ҳû׷ʣʵȷڵѩܹġ˵˷绹˭˵ѩȴǲȤġ
Сһʱ˽֣ˣӰɢȴǶʱĿ䵽ˮϡ
˵ʲô⣬ֹˮׯӢҲЩɵˣײ磿ʲôʱ£
ҲؾȣϷʵ֪ԣҲֲκζߡЦҡҡͷӰɢڵҲգ˵ˣȴҲηϷԻ֡
⣬ȴǶʱˣԭԼĹȻʱԼαװˮӣϴȻҲΪ档⻰ȴǲټȥˡ
ǰĪǿôһ˿֮ɫæ
ϷӰɢˣȻͷӰɢ˵ڵ
Ӱɢˣ֣߽ɵ¶һ˿֮ɫȻ֮ϣһԲ
ǰʱǷǰҵüʵ
һ£Щʵֻǲ֪ǰ˴ǣ
ֻΪܵĵ˵ͷӰɢȴôͨ׵ģҵݲͬʵڲʺһ𡣲ǵϷ磬ȴʵ׶༪٣Ϸ֮⣬ǲ绹һжˡ
ӰɢȻĹķǵֻֻҪס磬Ҳ˭ܹġֻ÷ǺѩյһűȽаϵ
ͬ⣡ϣһӦˣȻˮû˵ʲôɣֻǼ򵥵ıһ̬
ãĬһ£߽Ҳ漴ͷӦϵҲ˿Ӱɢ˸ѹȴʵ̫ˣ֪ǿߣɲܹ֮ģˣҲС
Ǿôˡ˵ͷӰɢ漴İׯӢзǵ̬ȴȫˣһ˼ûС
Щ죬Ϣһԭ˼ҷˣҲû˭ҵ磬ǲǣѾӳԭˣ룬¶һ˿ԥ֮ɫСĵʵ
ᣡҡҡͷӰɢ˿϶˵ӷôۣ˶ΪϹɱĴУûϹɱ򣬶Ȼ᲻ȥġ
ǲѾϹɱˣ绹ǲĵ׷ʵ
ܣ˵زϹɱַڱ֮УÿֻԲ֮ҹϫ֮ʱû׵ʵǲܵסϫϺ
ЩǷҲǸող֪ףΪʲôô˻ڱԭתƣϹɱ֮С
ȵȣ˵Բ֮ҹ΢΢һӶʱͱǲֻ2ʱˣ
ûԣǱҪӿٶˡ˵ͷӰɢ漴˵ңҲţֻҪ֮Ȼǻġ
Ȼ˵ĵֵزʸҲǳӰɢ֮ƣȴǸûаܹ˵´߷硣
Ҳصģ֮У˷磬ֻҪסͺϷٶȣֻҪյźţƬܸ֮˵ͷӰɢ˵
лǰ¶һ˿ϲɫæл
ˣ񡣡˵ͷӰɢ˵Ŀȴٴ䵽˸߽ɵϣǱǸӸĪǻҶô
ǵǣ¶һ׼ǲġ߽һ˿ɫǰһ׷ɱ磬㲻±նɱô
֮ǰӰɢ˱ң׷ɱ֮£ҲѾ˿֪ˣԲ
⣬Ӱɢ˵ɫȴǶʱ࣬һֱΪܴ裬ڲᡣȻôһСܲŭ
СӣΪҲɱ㣿ضס߽ɣӰɢɭȻڵ
ǰϴˣǲ⶯ְɣһ˿ɫ߽ƽû´ǰǷתĵʱѹסưɡ
תĵãȴҲֻγֵĻᣬңÿһγ֮󣬶º󻼣֮󣬱ҵصĵطˣ˶˰ɣ߽ɵ۹ȴǶ˵ֻһ£ȴֱָҪһӰɢڵ״
ȫ֣ӰɢȻаնɱ߽ɣȫֵĻȴ쳣ģҪץ磬ҪӦܽɱĳУÿһζ
ǣǲȫȴֻܷӳսܷնɱ߽ɿɾ˵֮ˡ
øСӡƺһӰɢ˵ʶʦкˣ
δ̤֮ǰûʸʦ䡣ĮȻҡͷ߽ڻش
⣬ӰɢȴǲûϣʲôŹƢǿ߶У⵹Ҳ㲻ʲô
Ҳû˼˵ʦкˣҪǣڵʲôʿܹҲ鷳һңҲѾͷöˡ
ʵϣյϢ˵ƺϹɱֵңӸȥݣҲûǸӼ׷ɱġ
ʵϣĴ㣬ҲǱƷ罻ɱ䷶ֻҪ򲻵ѣҲǾԲ˷ġЩ˵ɾʵЩˡ
ƺһӰɢȴҲٴȥʧ˷ѩ֮Уͬûгֹһ㡣
ȣ˴ԼһңѩżٿһˣôˣǾ۵λãǻкܳһξ룬ٲߣɾҪˡ


 ʮ ټپɱ
䣡
ɫĺͬ˳һδδӱ֮ĳ羪İһ㡣ֲǣǵɫĺ֮Խһжᣬûκδܹ⺮֮´ڣ⺮ܹΧ¶ҲѾ°ٶң֣ͨĵ֮£Ҳֲ˶ã׸֣ڵҲÿʱÿ̵ţԲϵּ
Ψ徭ٴĵؽǿߣܴӦԡ
ȴûκһ˸뺮֮Уϯĺ˲佫ؽǿ߶ɱ񣬶ңƱļ֮󣬻Ϊں֮»Ϊۣ뺮֮С
ΧȺŽˣɢڸλãСĵĹ۲ΧһУ˺֮⣬Χκһ˶Ǳڵвû˭Ҵ⡣
ںǰˣ򣬷ֱվˣڴ˿ȴԵüΪ۵ġ
ϧȻض˵˼Ļ£ҲȻҡȣһ벻ӣ·ûܵӰ졣
ϧӵĶ棬һɮˣػƵɮׯ֮ɫץһᲦ
һȴȻӰɢˣӰɢ˵עȴڱ֮ϣΧȺ
ιιǲǼǴˣ˵Բ֮ҹϫôŶ£Ķı
ĻӦԲ֮ʱŸոҹ»һ⳱ϫ֮Żή͡ϸĴһΧѩ͵
λӦþϧӰɣ䵽ҡŵϣ߽ͻȻʵ
ħˣΪȻﵽؽףֻҪ̤뺮֮УӰ첻¶һ˿֮ɫѩڻش
ĬĬ˵ͷ߽ȴǱӣͬһźǰȥû˿ԥҲûһ˿ҡ
ֿҪһǰô¶һ˿΢ɲľâѩЦĿѯʵ
Ȼˮشӱ˷ܵĴӦȥȻȥǴһߡ
Ŷ΢Щİ䵽˷ϣѩ漴˵λòҪǿԽǿǰĵٶȱԽ죬ɱȵʱû˲źá
ʲôһŮ˶վǰ棬ׯүǲǶˣƲƲ죬ӲΪȻİĿת뷽磬ι˵˵ûе
ƫ¶ࡣĺһȴҲվδ
油ȻһΩհʼ磬粻ΪĿڵ
ĺȻ£Ƕڷ˵ȴҲûôֲԶתΧͻȻĲһ˿ɢʵء
˵ֵزѩȻҲٶ˵΢˵ͷŸ߽ɼǰȥ
ʵϣҲн˰ң˱㵽ǰˣϧӵ˶š
绹ûˣĴһ£ͬ汦һķʵ
ʵϣʵҲʣʱ򣬷绹ȻûгֵĺۼĪǵǷô
Ȼ˵粻׵ʵǷҲʲôǣѩֶԷ֪֮ȴףǲܷġ
ԷʵǶϧҲδؾûԱ֮˵ܱˣֱЦ
ϴУ֪ȤһСæôЦĿˮѩȴͻȻûͷûԵðôһ仰
ѩ⻰ˮȴǲ΢΢һ漴佫䵽˷ϡ
΢΢һѩȴԽĲˣʱˮȻʶȥģĪһԼֵ˾ȻôǣΪʲôҪԸԼ
˵ˮھǹڻߣ
֪ʲôӷδܿ˿ˮڵ
ܼ򵥣ϴʲô£ʲô¡һ˿âѩ΢ЦȻĿ෴ġ
ʲôգĴׯӢĪʵ
ֻʱȴûȥģѩĿȻִˮϣˮش
иͷɿתˮͷãڡ
ȻЦͷѩڵϹɱڼǼȻһԵ໥ǣٲŽᣬĹϧӡ
˵֮䣬ΧĳϫȴͻȻøΪ¶ٴμ½вԵˣʶı˳˼ȥΨзѩȴףԲ֮ʱͿҪˡ
ʢ˥һӿͬʱ±Ǳۿʱˡ
䣡
ӿ˳£Χķѩ·һ̣ҲƬ̵ͣͣ·ֻʣĺ
ž
˲䣬ɮȴͬʱ֣ӭźжϣ
꣡
еȱһѪɫɮеȴȻһŽ⣬ͬʱƿжȥ
ͬʱӦģӰɢˣӰɢȴǸųȥһ̤ƾն˫Ŀ磬ɿȺ֮Ѱҷټ
ߣ
΢˰ģѩ߽ɣҲͬʱ׷жϣƿű۵λóȥ
ˮŷӦ˹Ҳͬǰ壬ɿű۸ȥ
飡
һ㺮âǴһ˿⣬м֧һȴѩȥ
ͬʱѩȴȻϰö룬ͬʱ˰ĵˮȥ

뼤ͬʱˮҲڶһѵɫȻУһȴȻǳŷȥġ
ΧХĺգȴͬʱԷɱ֡
һ˵ȻʵȴҲǵʯ֮ѣգ֮䣬ȴȻֱһν֡
ÿһı󶼷·۾һͬ׼ıܿ˶ԷϮ
Ȼ㣡
ˮԼ֣ѩȴΪѾһУ֣ĿȴȻת˷硣
ˣŵׯӢȴǶʱɵˣźڵûܿô£ֻսһ𣬷⺮ûκˡ
֣һɱΣ۽ɨˮѩ漴ٴοڵ
ãĬĬͷˮһ˿ɱеɫȴͻȻת򣬷ѩȥ
䣡
ͬʱѩ򷽴ЩҲͬʱɶأˮһ֮£ȴȻһƽճ
ȴϮˣЦ⡣
սǻս˾Ǹ߾֮ûһ˻űˣټ֮䣬ɱ
Ƭ֮䣬˾ȴҲѾʮס
λҰΣһƿϮĺ纬ЦϹɱǰǺοɱ
ֻȥôٷô˼ˡĮȻŷ磬ˮƽڣһͬԼǰĺն顣


 ʮ ؽ
ѾʼˣȻ֮սȴԽԽң۾ǰңϹɱҲѾֳˣȴƫƫûһ˽ȥ
ͬѡʱĻϧӣȻȤĲǷߵսǸһֱûгֵķ硣
ԥƬ̣ڻһ̤Ϲɱʵ̫ˣֻȽȥռȻ
˵磬ˣҪϹɱģʱȻл֡
Ľ룬練ӦЩˣ˷֮⣬ȴѾϹɱ
ͬʱҲԷӦ˹һƿǣӶӿϹɱת֮䣬ˣֻʣһӰɢԼˡ
˵Ľʵ̫ˣׯӢ˿ĿѣȴƫƫȥֶΧĺѾƣڱˡ
ô£ǡǳٴ򣡡ׯӢں֮䲻ٵģת֮䣬ȴѾŪɫ԰ˡ
ֻʱˮȴѾûоȥشˣ֮ҪʵʵʵһֻǷֻԵУټϺĸţֲ˱˴֮Ĳࡣ
ֻֽ״׻άֶãȴˮԼûаա
ҪȥôһΧĺѩͻȻ˵Բ֮ҹҲʱƵģһʱ䣬ٴαǶ
⻰ɲԣʱƣȻԭѾƽĺȴԼѾ˸֮⡣һָ״˵ʵûκһܹ֧ŵ
԰ȥǷ飬ܶ˭һϣׯӢĿڵ£ͳ岻ȥǿͻƣﲻˮԼȥ
ǻûɽˮĵزҪƴҲһƴǡŲָѾЩˣͻȻڵ
⣬ˮͻȻһ˿â漴򷽴֣ҪһŵЩӵദ֮ϣŹӺ
ˮı飬ͻȻ΢΢һʹֵ֮飬Ȼʯĳ֮ҲȻ
ĬƬ̣ڻڵãҿԴӦ㡣
ȻǷȴ˭ˮԼݳһ̣ǾעĽ֣ûѩĳ֡ԼҲҪɱڴ̿͵Բܱ¶ȻΪԼĺ󻼡
ׯӢЩԣԼԷŹǣˮȴ
ŵ˵ܹһŵǧ𣬵Ƕڷ˵νŵֻһЦѡ
ֻ̿ͣԼˣ
ã㣡һЦˮͻȻһ˿âЦſڵӣǲһֱ֪ҵĽô
⻰һжǲһݣ˵Щ⡣
ˮѾѲϵóô
ֽɫˮȻˮģȴҪˡ
ʶһֻһһȻӣһ˿⣬ˮһһٵĿڵ
µ˲䣬ˮȴȻ͸һɾĽ⣬ɭȻĽδ壬޾⣬ӲΧĺ顣
ؽ
ͻȻʲôһ˲䣬ѩȴȻɫ䣬һҲƵű۳ȥ
˿ֻ̾вףȫͻƵĻ಻һϹɱˡȻ򵥵ףȴǵǾĽ˲䣬Ƭռ䶼޿ˣ޿ӣ
ؽһֻһһ㽫뽣⳹ױ˿أ
һ޵еһΪۣųѤһ
ˮֻÿʱÿ̶ڳܽĥԼ־϶ԿڽĳԶһȥҪ˲䣬ųѤһ
ؽⱾһֽŰ޽ʽһɱûлͷ·Ը⽫ȫĽɢȥٵȥһΪһͨˣһֱһȥֱ
󣬾ҪʲôĹ£¶ģҹҹܽĥҲҪɱһ
ˮӸʶһ𣬾ʹûĵЦʱƣ̺ڵĽ࣬ʹվԲŻԽԽʲôǲסҲʲôǡ
û˭߹ֻ࣬ĬĬĳһУֱһ̣ΪֵܣһҲΨһһ
ʮʹ࣬һ̣ҪͷųˣһǾһͬȴҲǽѵһ
ʵϣǵǾĽͷų˲䣬ԶӰɢҲˣٿܣҲվ޷ϾȻܹ޳ɲؽ֮ǰµһ·ߵ
һ̣Ҳһ˿η֮δˣˮʵǱȫҲв֮£ǿг֣ƱҲܵش
ӰɢΪѩ˵ӣȴǾԲðյģ񿴵һûȥæ˼˿һЩԼܵ
һ̣Ƿ磬Ҳһ֮ǿΣУһܵв֮ʱŻϢѹֵ˴
һ̣Ҳ˲ݣذĻУ־ʱʩչ£ˮն£
޻ڣ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ˮҲΪۣ޵Ľͷ˳
Ľ⣬˲仯ΪһɫĽӰն䣬Ƭռ·ҲҪһնһ㡣
䣡
˲䣬ҲͬʱȰˮߣذ׺ݺݵ䣡
羢
еһױһ̣û˿·綼ֻʣһ
֮ڣ޵У
һ仰ֻһĿںţһһڹѪҺ֮еĽ
һ˲ɱ
˵ˮһѾı˲䣬ųеĹâôһͬҹ˺ѲľɱһǾһ֮ҲҪ˺һȱڣԵĴ
һ̣һƬ־仺ʣ˲˷һؾİ壡
꣡
·ʲôһ㣬һֱδ̤ķڶؾ򷽴˴ţ
ʲôǷ磿Ǳ֮ľ룬һ
һ̷ͻȻͷ˵Ļ
̨磬Ҫжж
ֻ̤˷еĴ
ǡ̻貣
һ̣Ѥɫʵģˮз磡
һɱ
֮£޵վǱһ֮䣬ӲˮϵĽһȱڣ˾ɱ
ҲΪһˮһվδܳͷųҲѩһ
ͬʱ˵ͬʱ׷ɳȥֱ˱֮Уĳ֮£˶ͬܵشʧȥʶ
һжĻʱˮؿںȻһذףϣȴһ˿ѵ΢ЦȻš


 ʮ һħ

ͬʱׯӢȴͬ׷һ㣬˫ĿѪ죬ˮȥ
ˮһĽȻȴ˲佫ΧĺԽɢ¶һƬհľ
ˮ屧ڻֻһׯӢȴҲ޷ˮϸоһ˿ˡ
յЦ֣һ̶Ϊ˻䣬ٲ˿ۼ
ǡǾ˭Ŀⲻ˸Ӱɢȴǳɻ𺳣һ̱һױȵĳֲֿٶȣɱĸңһУϹɱ֮ʱĿֲǸʱϹɱĵĵӣЩ߸ϵ֮ӳ֮ʱ˵Ŀ£
Ѿһ㹥ķΧһֲֿɱֻ֮Ϊɱ¾ڵ
Ҫ֪ǵϹɱ۷֮ʱܹһʵҲǷëǣ緽ˡ
һ̣ӰɢɣǸĸϹɱĴߣ̳Ϊµɱ֮ĺĴˡ
ӰɢͻȻһ˿η֮⣬һжģôʲô˲̳ܽ˿ֲĴˣĪϹɱҪٴγô
ȻǵѩʶĻ̾жϳˣΪ뷽罻ֹˣֻ׷ȫ֮ʱֲֿѹ
֪ʲôɱ֮һ˲䣬ʱ𺳣Ѿֱˡ
ϧΪӰɢ˵ڷֲȴҲͬûϸӰɢ˵ģӰɢҲδؾͲ²ݡ
ĬĬץеĲѪɫǷݼᶨ˼֮ɫ
㲻ô㲻һֱ˵һ²һô֪Ů˲⣬ΪʲôҪקסˮӣׯӢЪ˹·ҪеķŭԹ޶һ㡣
ׯӢ벻ףΪʲôˮܣϹɱ֮УǲǾܹȻ
ΪǡͻȻ֮䣬ĬĬ̧ͷ˵
˵ʲôһ˲䣬ӵĵ
ǵ뱳ǸһһսôƽĿӣȴԽԽ
ʲôׯӢʵ
û´ĻһγֵˣǷġˮߣ֪ǲǣףⲻһ˵ġ
ˮ֮ǰ뷽һλٴθԺȴǼѾµȫ
֣ҪһŵЩӵദ֮ϣŹӺ
ûˮѾ֪ˣߣǸ߲˳кܴĿܣ̾ͻ÷ɱ֣ǸʱҪľͲһһɡ
Ϊˣˮһ·浽⣬Ž뺮Ŀ϶֣Ӻ֮ǰʵѾһС
źĻ֣ѩ˿ѵĻᣬɱһѩһ⣬Լ
ǣˣǵĲգԲڳ֮ǰҪ˷һŵǸӺİȫһա
ʼգ㶼ʼûи²һУΪֻʲô֪п÷ķŹǣôĿ֮ʹ࣬ɳƵ˵Ҳ̫ƲˡƾʲôֻΪֵҾ͵ñĻţ
⣬ׯӢȴѾɵˣǲŵ𺳡
죬Ҫ˵ȴôҲ˵ˡ
ȴҲֻĬĬִˮ۾Ĩˮ۾
˭ţǺܶʱȴֻõĹޡ
ܹоˮǷʹ࣬Ҳܹף׵ضԼҲͬѡ񣬵ǣһȴܳΪİõӱܵĽڡ
飬ȻƽƺȻЩ֮µȴǳĸҡ
ˮѾһУڣԼˣ
ģ㲻ģ˭жнקƲ⣬»Ȫһͷն£Ϊ졣
䣡
һ˲䣬Ȼһɱ⣬ɭȻɱϣƺҪ񷶼ᴩһ㡣
һȥҲһ𣡡¶һ˿֮ɫׯӢһҲվ
ӣ㲻ׯӢҡͷҲˣˮǰˣ
ȻһЦĮȻҪһҲһȥ
ޣƾʲôΪֵܲϧȴҪث֣ҪҺʹˮȥȥΪˮ𣡡
㣬ôۿׯӢĮȻһûܽնɱƾ㣬õô
ᵽׯӢʱ͵ͨ죬ޣҲУѵͿԣ
ӵĽһ˿֮ɫҿΪңħ
µ˲䣬ͻȻͷ޷ԶÿһѪɫϸ͸һŨص˫˲䷺ף͸һĨ֮ɫ
飬޲壬ѪѱңԳħ
¡¡
һװȻڵϢ˲ʮһɴ֮أ·綼֮ŭ
ңԳħ
һħ
һ˿֮ɫ
֣һֵնӵĲϣȻһ˿ֱ΢Ȼӵ׳˺ķΧ
һУ϶ʱһħ棬һ֮Ҳ̤ͬ˱֮С
վںıԵӰɢȴѾһоˣԲؽ֮󣬷չֳɱ֮ѾˣȻڣԭ۵ĽɫȻҲ˹ս
Ӱɢ˶ʱԼӶЩˣ⵽׶Щʲô˰
һħ
˵ֻе죬Ѿ͸أ޷ϴˢʱ򣬲пһ̤֮ħ׼ħͷΪۣĺŭΪȼڵһΪֻ֪ɱ¾ħͷԴȡԭԼ
һԸ᳹ʧȥʶ꣬ΪԿܣɱ¾Ϊֱս
Ϲɱ۷ʱڣҲڽ֮ңĳɹʿνһ
һɱϹɱַһϹɱ֮ڵɱʬѪϴʵ᲻ΪκδУеĿģǸɱ¾һϹɱ֮ڣεȵѪȷ硣
ЦҡҡͷӰɢֲȴԽˣԭ͸ʧӶһоζʲô
һĴڣۼһѵϹɱҪٴγô
һ䣬ôô꣬Ҫʲô
һ̣ӰɢͻȻЩڣԼƺͲӦһ̲ˮ֮С
̧ۿһԶȻûзֵټӰɢ˵üͷȴǲĸˡ
ԭ˵ĺѾʼգϢ֮䣬Ὣٴ޷ˣѵѾô
ԭмᶨͷһ̣ڿʼ˶ҡߡĪǣǸ統Ѿ˱ۣ
ͬʱХĺٴηת֮㽫ڳ׷ж·;


 ʮ 
ɫĺһޱ޼ʣҲͷҲ
Ưں֮ϣѩ׶ѣźȻǣ֮ľȴʼֲܹ䡣
ģģ֮䣬ڻ˹ȻʹȴѾָܹжˡ
һ𣬷Ȼһĺ棬ӺԾɵ䵽˺֮ϡ
Χû˿Ĳͬڴ֮һ㣬ҲһķС
ջɵģûǳҲûκηĴһƬš
ĬĬתָڵƣȴȻ֣ԼƻָٶȣȻƽҪʮٱڵľһܹоٶȻָţһָоֻҪʱ䣬Լƾܳ׻ָ
˲䣬ȻӦ˹⺣ˮ⣬ʣĻָٶʵ̫ˡ
ģ˵֮䣬ѩҲͬ˹գ۾ʵ
֪Цҡҡͷ漴˵ƺǱ˱ۣ˵ӦϹɱ򣬲⵽ʲôҾͲˡ
Ҫô죿ЩΪѵĿŷ磬ѩ˼˺صˣһûء
΢΢һ漴ҡͷ⺣ˮƺ⣬һָٶƽյİٱò˶þָܻ
ôĻһѩ漴˷ܵԭɿָơ
ˮ͸ѩԭ欵壬˿Լʪ͸֮пģһ˲䣬һƵȻӷĵһѪڵĸоͬ˳һһϮŷ־
̤֮󣬷绹һֱûŮˣ־Ѿ쳣ˣƽջԣȻ˿̣ȴ·ͬʮٱŴһ㡣
꣡
սȭͷָΪȣԵЩ԰ף΢΢۾ĬĬз䣬ͼƽԼ顣
Ȼһ̣ȴ·ܹᵽŮ˵ĵ㣬о˿ļĻӰӿУôŬҲ޷Щȥ
ףڸΪʲô۾Ҳ֪˶ãٴѩ⻰ûʲôȻڷ˵ȴֱͬջһ㡣
ʶģһץѩ˲ԷԼС
ףһ˲䣬ʵĴУǼ׳˷һ˿ʶ·һʲôԸȥ룬ֻռŮˡ
ʲôˣһεϹɱʲôֻǰŮ˲Ψһʵ
ҪҪʲô˼ҡ˼һû׼ء˿ѩȥƣֻƼȴֱǳջ˵̬裬κ˷
˵˿ܵɫˮӰ죬ٱŴ󣬱ƽգջмܹܾ
ָѾ䵽ѩϣһѳһ㱡ɫȹ˵ķ㣬ȵļ覵ľӣڣ޷Գ֡
ۣ
Ȼһ̣ذȻѩʺ˲һĨѪɫѩлһ־벻ŵɫʡ
ɱ죬ٴαñޱȣɭȻڵʵӦαװʵһЩֻȻûɱ⣬ˣԲʶǸѩҵҪ㻹ʲô
ɱڣһ˲䣬ٴιɱֲɱ⵹źһɿֲС
˼СһúõŮ˲ϲϲɱôԭѾնɱѩ΢΢һԭѾϵʺٴλԭ·ûܹһٴγ˷Ķ档
Ƥ΢΢һȻ𣬽Ȼһ̤棬־չذٴĨѩʺ
ϲɱô˼ҾɱأЦţת֮䣬϶ʱˣѩˮׯӢϧӣǺ𽿤СѾͷзʶˣƺȫ˷ߡ
һ̣ڳһ˿ԥȻһ̣ǸΪֲɱڶ
ɱд߷Ѫɱ֣·͸âţ֮һƬѪɫʬǳɽȾѪ
·޾һ㣬ôӻò꣬ɫѾѪȾ죬Ȼеɱȴӵķڣ·𲻼ɱȥеķŭ޷йȥһ㡣
ʱ·Ѿһ㣬ǲסԼɱ˶ˣЩ˸ɱ꣬һֻһֹ
ѾԼΪʲôҪɱˣҪʲôɱ䲻ϵչһδιɱ˷·𶼳ױɱһ㡣
ڣ
ɱ¾Ҳͬһ˿̱ٱŴȴѾԼ÷ʧĵơ
ʶģҲѾɢס
Լ䣬ƺֻصһص߳Ƶӣ⣬κ˶С

ףͷôˣոɱ֪ļһƵذףȴĿһôҲû뵽Ӱʱ˷ܵıһ˵Щӻɽȥͷôˣ
˲𻰣ֻǾĿꡣ
ιͷɭɭĿ⣬ҿź¡в֪ôԼЩ飬СĵĿ˵
Ĭãڣɱ㡣
һ˲䣬ʱһͷ㿪ʲôЦҿͽܰ
˲𻰣ֻĬĬӱȡһ̣ңңָꡣ
Ȼֻһ̣Ȼһ̣ȴʱĸоһŨصϢһֻܵв֮ʱŻֵǿԤס
һ̣ˣ˵ʵǳҪɱˣ̺ͽǹûκβ
һ˲䣬ȻʶסеذףŵĶˣΪʲôͷҵʦΨһǣҵΪʲôΪʲôҲҪɱң
ɱ̫أԽ𣬱ٲҵӡ˵Ȼڣ·ֻ˵һ֮顣
ΪʲôΪɱЩˣͷ˵ģҿһ̿ʹ̿ɱˣѵʲôô꼸ѾҪˣЪ˹ź
Ϊ㲻֪ΪζɱĮȻҡͷƽڣҸһֵĻᣬɱң㻹Ǹ߳Ƶɱ֣˿ƺ㡣
ݽҧ촽һ˿֮ɫȻȴһЪ˹ķ񣬡ͷΪʲôһҪҡΪʲô
㲻֣ұȡƽĿ꣬вһ˿飬Į
ذ׵ָΪȻԼЩˣ֮ɫ
һ
˷·ûпı仯һ㣬ƽڣ·ڷɽ׽Բʱһ
ͷҴӦ㣬ɱˣô촽ѾԼҧѪˣȴȻдһ˿֮⡣

˵Ȼһ˿飬·ûве֮⣬ԹԹ˵Ŀڡ
ΪʲôͷΪʲôҪɱңѵôĸ飬ͲԸһλôҸطɽвУҲ㶯֣ˣͷ

µ˲䣬ͷеȻȻ죬ȴһֱ޿ɱܵĸоɱȻ


 ʮ ̿͵ĵ
̻ɱȻ
һ޿ɱܣȻȴǺ˵ٶȲ죬ԣͬʱ֣Ҳл̵㵽Լ֮ǰ֮նɱ
սذ׵һֱڲȴվûг֣
κһˣ¹ʮҲƴ㵱治УҲҪԷƴһǣƫƫǰˣȴСԼʦʦุ
۾΢΢ϣڳ׷һ·һһ̶ͣˣеɱ˲ɢĸɸɾ
ž
ԴصİһǣȻԤ뵱еȴδ٣͸һ˿ϲ֮ɫûͷһΪҪɱء
̾ϢһҡͷնԲ򡣡
ĿɿڴĿˣһʱ䣬ȴѾЩԺˡ
㣬Ϊβҳ֣ƽʵ
ҵʦģһıҲʦģȻҲʦ֡⣬ʱݣĿڵ
΢΢ף㣬ô
⣬ԼЩ˵˼һʱ䣬תȴǲЩˡ
һ̣ҲйҲйãжĿ־壬ж˵ԹޣȻһȴչ鶼˳շһ˲䣬Ѿ
ǣҪĶô
㲻֪Ϊζɱ̾Ϣ˻ڵɱ̫أʧģ㻹ǲΪζɱһգңҲԥĳ֣ʱ򡭡ΪһɱƵĿܣĵӣɱ˵Ҳɾ
һ̣겻ͷ亹вЩһգˣʹɱֱֺ֣
̿ͣɱ˿ħվǲףʲôǴ̿͡΢΢ҡͷ˻˵ý˵ΪҪɱǣ
ΪΪǼҡ˵⣬ͻȻЩ飬ֲǶӵܣɱǡɱǣһõǮ
Ϊһ֮˽ɱˣˣɱ֣Ǵ̿͡ҡͷ㣬Ӧ³Ʋ㣬֮
겻Ҵ𻰣ĬĬԴ
̿ŵӦ˱ˣݰδҲ

̿ԼԼĵ̣ƽ˵ԼĵΪζɱˣɱˣҲаִᱻɱ񡣡
ʷ飬ɼǵð𣿡
𣬺Ǵ̿Ͱɣ겻⣬ͷСʵ
ɱʮԱ˽ν֮ɱȴⲻ֪֮ɱΪ֮һͳĴ¾죬Ҳ˿ԥĵʶɱʮ಻Ϊɱ
һ˲䣬з·Լʲô⣬Щףֺȫס
еʲôһգҪȥҪصܹô

һգʧǣҪ𷽴ɽ¾㣬Ƿɱң

ϣʲôҪƴػĶ

һνģ̵ķһʹ֪𣬶ͷ֮亹
ҲżֻƽĿ꣬ϸϸ˼
ʱһţ䣬ת֮䣬ȴԭվһҹ
ȵʶٴλָʱѾʧӰ٣ʣµģֻһ糿ĺİĺʣصС
ͷˡɱֻΪҪɱˣеµߣǬĬĬ̧ͷٴһ˿ᶨ֮⡣ļǽǷǶԴһģ⣬ҵĵ
һ˿֮ɫ껺ҡͷңǷ֡ͷȻ𣬲Ҳһָ֮˵һֵָػ⡣
֮⡭Ҳɱ֮ˣ
ٴ䵽˵ʬ֮ϣ̾Ϣˣӻɱֻ֮ٷΪһ˽ΪǸ
ļǵʲô˵Ӽ߰ߣгշֻѾǹʮεˡ
һ㣬ת˲֮䣬Ÿո⣬˲Ϣʧƽߡ

䣡
һ֮䣬ظ췭ԭڷеѪɫ˲ˣѾɱռݵ飬ָڵɱ⣬֮ƽɱٱǧҲѺ
͸һ˿֮ɫ΢΢˫ۣ֮Ǭɱܹҵң
ذףȴǶʱһ˿֮⡣
ӰԼģǱɱ⣬һɱһɱ䣡
Դɱ䣬֮УȻһ˿ɱ⣬ֻǷ籾ɱ¾һʱ֮䣬ûзֱ֡˿̣ܵʮٱӰ죬Ӱ쵽˷Щɱ¾ʧ־
ɱأԾ䣬۶˭ƽ˼ɱ
ڻɱأˮݵʱ򣬻ܹĸһУҲδػˮƵƵĵز
һˣȴȻһ˿⣬ȴѾܹ϶ˣɱһ壡
ǼȥûܵɫӰ죬Ҳͬһջ޷ɱΪɱĿܣ
Ȼ֪ν¾Ϊ壬ȻȴܹףԷԲʲôȥͷ
뵽ͷ˵ĻȴͻȻһɱɱ䣬ʵ¾ĵ
¾˭Ҳ޳ɱ䣬ԼǼȥҲȻ᲻ܵӰ죬ԼеĵҲ֮ҡתΪ¾ĵǡܵɱӰ죬Ϊֻ֪ɱ¾Ŀܣ
һˣȴǶʱһɰ⣡
һ¾һϹɱҵҪǻʲô
ٴ۾˫Ŀ磬һ˲䣬ѣһƬɫĺ˲仯ΪޣԼȴվһУѩҲͬڲԶ
Զ԰֮ϣһɫʯ
һԿɷŴٱдǻۣ߲ɶɣ
Ŀ΢΢һȴҲȻ˼֮⣡
Լɼɫĳ֮УǿݹǣδܰݹǣУȴҲ֪Ӣ
΢΢̾ϢһĿȴٴ䵽ѩϣԥһ£վߵѩߣһ֣֮̽ᱧ
٣Ŀ飬ѩҲδܹɵĹȥߣأУܵӰԽء
Ȼ̸ϲѩ֮ǰ֮һ˿ɺϣжѩȴҲԼһ˿⡣
Ҫǣڷ˵ѩҲҪɱˣվһ˿֮⣬˳ֽ֮£ҲǾ֮͡
̾Ϣһ䵽ϣѩַڰߣһ㣬˲ǰȥ
˵֮ǰֻ뵽ϹɱѰһԵô˿̣ȴǴһ˿֮̽⣬ҪҿϹɱܣ˵ɱܣ


 ʮ ˿
ȣ
ŴӵѩȻȳһѪȴǶʱһ˿֮ɫмգЩɬ
Ȼг٣Ȼ罫ȴͬǲ֪ʵϣ˵һºᱧµĴ̼ԭѾԿˣ뷽˽Ӵһ˲䣬ɰٱϮȴǶʱڻþ֮леķڻþ뷽
Ȼֻǻþʵ޹أȻ˲Ļ䣬ȴ˲ĥӡǡӰҲ֮ѩУ֮ȥ
һ̣ѩ֪Ӧú޷磬Ǹм硣
Ƿ粢޷֮վΪһݹǡǣȴʧأңԺ֮ʱ֮е龰Ϊ֮ȥѨ
ǧǧᣬ˿ѽ⡣Цҡҡͷѩ̧ͷһǰһʱȴǲЩˡ
ӵɱпʼѧıǾԣûԼȻҲб˿۵ʱ
磬ɱ㡭յҧҧ촽ѩһ٣ת֮䣬ȴҲɿǰȥǱһ㣬֮뵱ʲôû

Ѫɫĳɢɫʣ򵥵Ĳھֻͷѳɵͷ­ϣ·ֻҪһѾ׵ĵõѪɫ
Ȼ⿴޺ͷԱߣȴѾʮˣĲҲ̶ããѪֹ
öԣһػĵɮԭأ鲻תдʣϱһֵĽɫ֣ԼöѶţȴվ޷ǰһ
ͣΧüͷȴǲ΢΢
۹Ȼó˵صĲŵ˵һͷͬĵظһ㣬ԴԴϵӿҪܵʴϾһ
Ī˵ЩͨˣǷ磬Ҳ̫ӽҵЧİ취֮ǰóȻӽ
ɮȴȻѾ̨£ֶ뵨ǣǱϧҲƲѶá
΢΢ԥһ£ȴվ
ǱĶбܿûҪһʼ͸ŹֵɮͻֻǣöϵѪɫȴϵõģǸɱ
ɱĹؼڣ֪ɱ⣬ǽ廹ϵˣһָоҪɱ鷳ҲȻôɱ֡
ߣԷӣҲ͸ıˣȻ¾ǵǿΣȻǣԼЩԼв챨ȥĵ
ķ֣
һ˲䣬ɮȻһֽգȻĴȱϢ͸ɿöʴȥȴҪϷ𷨣ֱӽԹصֱӶɻ
⣬жʱһЦȻĿǰƺɮռϷ磬пɶɻǣȴֶθͲгɹĿܡ
¾ɱ壬ҪһĵϿ£ܹɱеģȻҲɱĴڡʲô֣ʲôĿ飬ȻҪ£ġ
ɮ˵ķ𷨱ٸʮҲķʽǿƽ¾µĿɱ
˻𣡡
·Ϊӡ֤Ĳ룬ɮ˵һֽռѹöѵ˲䣬һɫӰʱöдڳһɭ˻֮Ȼײһֽա
䣡һ˲䱬ɮ˲ƺһ˲˳ʮףտտվΣȴǲһ˿Ȼ֮⡣
õΪܹһݻöѣȴ뾹Ȼǹһɮжʱһ˿ɬ֮⡣
ӷ𣡡
һţԥһ£ɮվ˵ΧöѽϾ
λöѴ̫֮أСɮǲҪӽĺá
УʲôЦԼòȴҪȰǣʲôɮ˵ĻԱ߶ʱ˸
СɮλֻǴ˴Ϣ̫Ũأλʵк档ҡͷɮ˳ֱ
ЦģϹɱĴУûϢǲǹ¡ո˵ˣʱԷ㣬ǸٴȱĺУȴƫҪ̳ϹɱĴУ㲻ķ
λʩԲӡ΢΢ҡͷɮСɮҪôУֻǽ˵شĶѿңСɮΪϹɱĴֻ²ô򵥣թ
ʲô߰ģУҪΪʵǿ˵ɲֻһˣЩת۾ȥķˡ
⻰ȻЩ֮ӣЩǵ֣ҲɮȴҲʵ
Щ˲ͬɮ˵Ļȴǲһ˿֮⣬ɮ˵֮ȴԼԼĲ²ϣթǵԣϹɱ򲢷Ϊ˴УȴҲһˡ
֪ʦγƺתȴȻһʵ
λʩˣСɮԡĿ¶һ˿峺֮⣬ɮ˶ʱش
ʦ֮Ϲɱ֮лк
Сɮ֪ʵʵҡͷ̾Ϣʦ˵Ϲɱɱ̫أһ۽Է࣬´֮£ͼ
δ˵ֻ꣬ԶһѪӰȻ֣ħ
һ˲䣬ԵɫȴǲȻһ䣬ȻѪӰ
ȻԷӣħȴǸһɼΪǿѹȸС
ģ
ͻȻ֮䣬Ȼһװŭֲ֮ħʱŷϮ
ֱһ̣ڿ˶Էòһ˲䣬ȴǲɫ䣬һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ

ˮһν֮󣬷˱֮Уȴǲ֪ħģȻʴ䣬жʱһ󷢺
ɱ
͸һ˿֮ɫһץħʱΪһѺɫǹ͸һϢݺŷϮ
䣡
Ƭշ·һǹ˲һǹȴѾӽؽ۷ˣһǹ֮£ɫ䣡
ӷ𣡡
иһţһӣȻһӰ˷ǰ
бһ˿ɱǹȥ˿ȴҪ·ĻҲһնɱ
䣡
ĺɫǹȻ£ǽɫķӰײȻʱΧһ˳ȥ
λСģѾ꣬ǿħΣ֮Ե¶һ˿֮ɫڵλʩԹ̫ǼȥֻºܿʧǣΪֻ֪ɱ¾ĿܣβƽľСɮɻ㰲Ķȥ
ϧʱѾûκʶˣǶڷĺ⣬ѹͲԵĻһ˦ǹٴŷ£
ɱ


 ڶʮ ȡ
תȴѾһС
ħ֮ǰδ뵽ģȻ̫ףνħôģǣӻԿȴҲѾܹƲˡ
ಣ
ת־ǽͬʱɿȥһ˿â漴ԵʦΪһλˣ֪зȣ
粢ɱȻˮѾˣǴӦĻȴδǡ
̿ŵαװ֮УĴӦ˶ԷƲԻŵԡ
֮ʱں𽿤⣬ҲʼղϳŵʲôҽǷݸһ㡣
ο˿ϱƣҲѾϧԼ࿹ˣȫ֣ҲѾӦˡ
ӷ𣡡
ţ漴ЦȻ׼꣬ܶɻĨȥɱԹ֮ʱҲ֮ʱˡ
һ£漴ҡͷдͨߣϷ𷨽֮ѹ⣬һ˿ᡣϧСɮΪ㣬ȴ޷쵽ġ
ģٺģɱֳ֮𣬲죬ģ»ȪҲҪȡ׼͸һɺ⣬ɭȻڵ
̫֮أȻѾħӰ죬Ȼδնɱ֮ǰȴҲڳʧ־
źɫĳǹ˲Ϣ֧ʸ飬ȥƲȻŷ

͸һ⣬ԿͻȻһԣͬĺİصÿС
΢΢һͣħӿ˲ָͺ¿

˿ΪƽȻٴδӿһ֣ڿлΪһɫķţѹȥ
ԣ
һ̣ȷԷĵȷԼ˵ԣȴǲһ˿ɻ֮⡣ѵνķҲһʲôϵɣ
ͺ¿кĺ֮ˮϴˢʵܹɻХһгǹһ㣬ȻǽɫĻ飬θ˼֣ŷ
ۼ޿ɱܣһ˲䣬չ־廯ΪһӰȴȻöȥ
Ǻεȵɱ¾Ϊħݵ𺳣ת˲֮䣬㻯Ϊޣް־⡣
㣬Ӳ
־ļ٣ħڶ֮̾Ҳ׷ϣֻȴҲû˿˼һ̤֮Уȥ
Цһ£ȴǲʱ֣ͣϵħ̫ҲԶɻ
񷽴öѵķΧ֮Уԥһ£ȴҲվûٸȥ
ܵöѵӰ죬ܹӳʵ޵ĺˣһ֣ܻöѵϢķɣʵ˽ȥ
ңԼУԶڷһֿ͸ĸоȻӱϿֻ׵ʵȴҲһּɵ֮⡣
Ȼѡˣöѣȴǲŷû˿ֵġ
䣡
Ǵ˲䣬ȻоϢʴòֳ֮⡣
뷽粻ͬ˵ЩϢȴǼȫûʲôӰ죬ħһ֮ܽɢ
ڤڤУܹܵһ˿ǣ֮·öʲôһ㡣
£ӵħȻ취ȴöоʲôȻ˿̺죬˴ڵΨһĿľնɱ磬ȴﻹںʲôˡ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ȴȻ䵽ö֮ԣĬĬɱһ˲䣬ɱʱӿϮö֮С
ɱȻڣȻöԣȴҲ˺ѷɱ⾿ǴӷɢǴö֮
йɱöѵϢȻз֮ȴԶԶȻԴʱĶˡ
һ̣ͬһ㣬öѹȻ¾´п飬ֻҪɱɱ֮ԿЩ֮ҳסȻöѵвȡɱ
ûвµɱ䵱е壬ȻϲЩϢȻ˿̣ȴ⣬˿ûЩϢܴе˼־չȴǷɿöΪģƿȦӡ
ȴ׵ͬӭֲϢֻǶ˵Щ֮ȴֱǴ֮Ʒһһ֮䣬㽫ӿԼϢ˽ȥ
ģ㲻ذ׷ѹˣϢӰ첻ң͸һɿֲɱ⣬ĻӶǹŷ繥ȥֻ־ȴԶǳܹģС֮ڵٶȼѾﵽһּ£֮һʱ侹ȻҲ˿κβá
Ӧ˺ӣ㲻ҪҡЦҡͷһܣһ߽͵ңҲˣʱҶ֣ʵһЩҿҲѾʬˡ
ǷǶԴȻģҲҷŹ㣡һɱʢȴû˿ֵ˼
ȻʵϣҲûд㼸仰öԷ
ԷӣȻǲмڽ͵ģο£ѾħͣҲͲ˿á
񷽴ЩĿĸͲҪҡɱֻʱѡ
缸ܹоö֮еϢڷɿıţԼѾ˱֮⡣
ʲôһ㶼˲ɱңҲδر㲻ܣְɱңȻ͸ɾˡۼ˿ûԼֵ˼һζĶܣŭ
ˮһǺεȵĿֲһĽ뽣⣬˲ͷųҪǿ֣
ʱȻǷѤһγ֣Ҳͬ£˿ֲ޵һֱʵϣǷһˮѾ˳ĽѩһĨɱˡ
ڷȴ棬˿ûиƴ˼
꣡
ͻȻ֮䣬ߵöͻȻһ֮һ˲䣬һģɫӰȻ͸ݺݵ
ħȻŨȴɱĴУôϢҲͬöѵķɡ
ȻɫӰ˳˲䣬Ҳͬʱһ֣̽־תޣ˲ϢһӰһץסѪɫĳɵĽ֮˳
䣡
һ˲䣬ֲɱȻ񵹾ֱԷΪģһɿֲķ籩
ɱ
ֵ˲䣬йɱԱɱΪ˲ɱ⣬ɱе
öѵʱʵϣѾһУԸ¾⣬һܴУȴҲϿħͬʱȴͷһ֣ȡ
ֱ˿̣˳ɱȡУΧЩȻӦ˹ȥȻʱȴѾˡ
ɱΪϯɱ⣬ͬĩշ籩һ㣬һɷηڼ¶
˵ˣǻԴ˿Ҳһ˿ɵ֮⡣
ȴܵɫӰĳ͹˲ٹˡ
˲Ϣ֮䣬۾Ȼٴ͸һµİԵ


 ڶʮһ ɱһѪ·
ɱ
̺¾ɱ֮ĸ򣬶ڽĸһѪɱ֮һƱá
ֳɱ΢ɱ֮ɿӿ뷽Ժͬʱɱͷſһ̣¾㣬ɱģ¡
κθڽӽˣҪɱ֮ʴĪ˵ˣǵؽʱҲޡ
˲һƬޣйһɱɱԼ϶ܵɣȴԼһӰ
ѪĮ벻мǰԼӰɱ֮⡣
ɱ
ӿ³һɱ֣Ѫ΢΢һҲζֻһĨѪɫӳأ˲Ϣ֮䣬ضһѪ֮һѪɫ籩ӽ䣬֮ڣһһ·ȾѪ
ӰһȻţ·ʲôûзһ㣬ȻǾ춯صһȴͬĥĽ֮ӡ˷Ժ֮С
ٴλָʶʱеѪȻ飬˲Ϣ˷֮Уһ統һλѪ֮ʱһ
Ѫţ£ڷߵĿֲɱ籩Ҳ֮ɢ
ֱ˿̣ŷ֣ڸոԼɱ䴫֮ʱĵùȴѾǷ籩ʳ˷ĩ
ҲڰɫӰľֻ϶಻һ˿԰֮ɫȻĶŷ硣
˵ķӦϸӰնһĸоҲһ̾Ϣ
һ춯֪壬мܹ
ɱ˴Уɱ˵ܶشСۼǿֲķ籩ɢʱٴ˲
ò˵źܴɿԣոһͬĩշ籩ĹȻֲֻҪ˱׵ķֱ棬ǲǴ֮ɲǷ籾
Ҫ֪ʵ˵ģһ׶ѣٶȿһЩһ㣬ôҲδرס
뵽⣬ʱ˳ɱڵŷ
֮ǰΪ뱩¶ݣҲȻȻô˵ɱĴСǱ˳ɡ
һһƾһץոձնɱ彣Ȼ˷С
ҲãԽ
͸һ˿ɱ⣬Ȼ͸һĨâһ˲䣬һɾɱȻ͸ХԼγһѪɫķ籩

ȻǺնһ糤һڣȴһӣͬһն䡣
䣡
һ֮䣬ֲѪɫ籩˲ڶȻԶӰ֮УǺһɫĳ̶ȣȴҲѾ˼֮⡣
ʮ׵ľ룬˲Ϣ֮һ֮䣬˻ΪһӰ̼ӭЩ˵Ĺ
Ӱͮͮһһ籩֮һڡ
ɱһѪ·
һ̣ȴȻֹһ仰⻹ΪԼߵĽδɱĽϣһҪһ
һ֮䣬ʮ˾⣡
ֳֳƽȴͬɱΧ˶˳˼һʱ䣬ȴһ˸ҿš
ӷ𣡡΢ͻȻڵӣ˽ɱأǿУƱػɱӰ־պ֮ӡ
лʦָ㣬ˡ˫΢΢ȭжȴǲָ߿˼֡
УۺԼ˴УȻȴף˵ԡɱȻȻǾ֮б᲻ԾܵɱӰ졣
֮ǰԼϰ˵һʽң־ˣڲԾܵɱӰ죬ж˼ɱ֮⣬˼ƽڶʽ̺ɱڵһʽ֮ϣԼģҲȻӼСĲǡ
պȻǵõУҲȡгǹһ㣬ȴͦǹٴ򷽴Ϯ
Ȼõ˴УЩԭӦ÷յϢȴȡɣȥȻһЩǶ˵ЩϢȴҲͬٴ
ԴʦɷһΪˣʵ֮Ƥ΢΢һ漴Цҡͷ
լʺСɮȻԸԾౡ֮΢΢ͷٴ͸һĨ⣬ֻСɮʵ˷ݣɱԽأħԽʵҲǿֻ¾Ҳδܹƺˡ
ħ˽⣬ԿǱȷĶˣħ֮ˣħú㱻նɱɱ¾ÿһУʵһ֣󣬼ơ
лʦѣٻգԿܷҵ취ָɡгһչǹһǹ֮Ȼɶת˲չ־ʧʡ
ӷ𣡡
׷ȴֻһӰ£Ӳ֮ڣһʱ֮䣬ѡ
ͺ¿һĨɱʱħ죬һŷ⣬û˿֮ͣ⡣
ʩħαִ̫ţ΢΢ҡͷСɮʩִܷҷ𣬻ԷƽϢԹޣʱգҲδزɻָ糣Ҳ㹼˷һƬ⡣
˭Ҫ£͸һĨ⣬ɭȻ뷽֮𣬲죬׹ҲҪնɱͺ¿ңҲǸ
Ӷı裬ɱڣȴǵһǻŭ𶼾к˻Եϡ
ӷ𣡡
һţٴΰθߣͬǰŭĿһ㣬ֱ̧һ£
һɫӰ䣬һ֮
ҿҰɫ˫֮У͸һ֮һ֣ȴǹãһ̤ͬһ˹ȥħ˲ͬһֻɫƣ溳ȥ
֮⣬ֱ̲񷣬ظ֮ұɱ񣬷ңұ߱𣡡
һźȴǴȫĪ˵ǰֻǻˣ㵱ǷǰҲͬ߱ȥ
νһħһɣħ죬Ͳκκܹġ
һ˲䣬ɫ䣬ǽɫķ֮ӰȻҲӲ˫˺ѣƿնȥ
ۣ
ȻһѪԵҲ͸һ˿԰֮ɫǺȻ֮ɫ
Ѿһٸ߹ħȻһ˺ѵصķԹ֮ȴҲˡ
ĴڣѾ̷ܹƺˣֻһɳΪħ
ЦҡҡͷҲ׷ŷĬ
廹ϵˡ
µҲֻеſģܻܲϳˣԼҲһʱ䣬ʣµģֻܿԼˡ


 ڶʮ ʥ
磿Ƿ磡
ԶԶмƳ˷ӣʱһƬȻԾÿ·λҲպհȻֻ׵ʵȴҲûκ˸Ұλװ
ĸױ̬նɱؽǿߵģĸ׸ҸϧӷŶԵģ
彣ҲЩˣԹǰȥ·ѹûаΧΣյһ㡣
رĿʵҲܶ࿼ǵġһ·׷ɱѾʺ¶ˣϾвϧҲ˿Ѷˡ
ݳˣϹɱ֮ȴǲ֣г⣬ɴ໹ԭĿķ㡣
ϧӵвȴҲʱĽˡ
˵Ի˵취ϵħȴǴдˡ
Զò˿취ָԼһ־뵽취ǲǳô

м䣬ͻȻַ֣һд͸һǿϹɱɱ֮롣
Χ£˲ˣȴ֪ΪΣûκһ˸߽
䣬ʱٲŹȥ
磬Ƿ硣о˹ԭ뵽ֻһ˷ӣȴǶʱԾİл̵˶
磬ռˣȥĵطһɡĬƬ̣һ˴ͷ˳ŵĶŷ磬·Լһ˵Ļûзæкˣ˵ǲǣ
˶̵⵹Ҳʵֻмˣֻ¼ѾӵĸɸɾˡȴжʮˣȻóǰ档
ȻһЦҡͷĵرԵ̸˭ģλģҲûжռ˼
˹֣λģɣȶְɣҿϹвٹӣ˭ȥժЩˡ籣֤Բκᣬ֪λΪΣ
ЩԭһɢɳǷԵҪǿᣬ֮£пܻ۵һƴǣڷһŵ̬ǫȴ˲Ծر㽵˼֮⡣
˻ôҲ÷οˡ
˵ĺã֣һ漴ڵҲ˼ôˣΧ˰ˣҲûа취ԴһЩ÷Ҳˣа취ȡʥҲռһЩǡ
֪λΪβҿϸһ£⣬粢δо˿쳣֮Щʵ
һȣǸô࣬а취ȥѺôˣȴϷָô죿ۼҪ֮ͣǰʵ
ĵرԵߵ֮׶ʥ֮飬Ȼײɽ棬ܹժãҲһ˶ռժȡİ취Ҳҡ΢΢ҡͷݿڵ
ǿɲУҪ֤а취ժʥðƽָǲǡæҡͷǲӦ㲻ӽ
⣬ȴͻȻЦһ˲䣬彣ʱʣת֮䣬һɿֲĽȻֱʺȥ
һ˲䣬˵ͫȻһתҪܣȴļ
һĻδļ֣ʺ֮ϱȻһѪɫһ㱻նɱ
͸һ˿⣬絭ȻĳһãͱˣĪǵΪұ㲻ɱô
һĸɴ䣬һ֮䣬ȴǶʱ˶סˣвһȻһǲ֪ļһ׵ض˭ұ֤ܹӵһ
֮ǰһдռ˵ļһʱͣλȻͦ˵ģȴҲɱ˲գ۵ġԭ֮ϣǵЩˣɲһɱ˸ɾôǻеؽǿߵġ
ӿ֮Է٣ǿɵ÷˭۸λǲԸô
ʣɫ΢һЩɱ֮ˣ۵ͷϣϲΪѡһǾ仰Ըҹҵӽ֮ҲȻλԣؿ֤
ʩ
ʵ粢ηЩˣǿӲʱɱ˲˿ԥ
ǣȴҲԸЩ˱Ƶ̫ϾԼһ֪һĨڵײЩ˿һЩһϣĸá
˵ӽ֮Ƿ翴Щˣƾֱ㵱֪ҪúôȻҪеգǸ㷽ܰȻġ
ͬɱһ㣬õķʽ˵ˣҲܼ򵥣ǹɱȻ򵽵ɱ֮⾳ɱ
ǣ⻰Щͨ׸֣мܹɱйǹɱ⣿˭ܶɱɱ⣬ôУ
֮ǰһϹɱػɱƽ֮˵Ҳ򵥣֮תѡǣǽ뷽װ׵ĸ㣬˭緽һƽ⣿
ΪһܽϽòʥٰ֮꣬Ҵ˵ж컯֮ͻƿ֮Чޱȡ
һǷҲһƵһ˿ռ
ٰ꣬һЧͲ֪ö˷ˣοпܻ̺ͻƿĲʥԿ޼֮
˷ϸĴһ£ϣҲʮöʥѡ
޷ֻǼȻˣ֪лʲôΣգüͷ΢΢һ絹Ҳûмųȥ侲Ŀʵ
⣬ΧŲЦⲻ飬˵£ػȻûκΣգһ˽ӽʮ֮ڣµͶӰͻ֣߱
ۣ֣ȴҲһЦңģϹɱͳߣֲģصǿߡֻһͶӰҲ˭Ӧˡ
ԹˣĬƬ̣ʵ
֮ǰһλŵؽʵֵܴ룬۵ͶӰǳһֱָӽ֮Ĩɱˣʬ嶼û£˲㻯ΪһѪˡ

һ仰ȴǶʱ㽫ĽĨȥˣһλؽǿߣȫ֣Դ羢ı͵Ϯ£Ҳܹ˲ɱҪ˵ѶԷһѪҲ
οԷ˼۵ͶӰҲһ˵زʵ֮ǿֱ˼񣬷ûаԼܽӵ
һʧ֣ɾͲǳԵܹܵˣһ𰡡
ĬƬ̣ȴҲЦ˵ⲻֱһõĴڣѹûõ
Ȼ粢δ˵ӷıУȴҲ֪·ǲȥԵˣһʧ˺ڰЩ˷磬˵ƭķȥء
ðյĲǣҲûʲôϵ
деĲȴҲһ󲻸ʣ뱦ɽֶ飬ĸоŵץġ


 ڶʮ ֮
кѣһԲ֪ˡ
߷ԥͬʱһϤʱһ˿⣬һ仰ͷһ
ػͷ֪ѩˣԼʶУܹӵȻ֮ˣλҲٲڶ֮롣
ԣôԣȷ˵Ա̲߱סʵѩиǳɫ
ѽأ˿ѩЦ˴˹ȥĵ˼ҵСɲء
ʲôҵģֻҪԸ⣬ʱԡдһ˿֮ɫָЦ
أǲ磬ȥ˼ԺˡϣѩЦ·Ҫ˵Ļ궼ȥƵġ
ֻǻû˷ӦѩϵֱȻһģƮƮһƣȴȻֱķ˳ȥ
ڿУڷӦ˹дһ˿֮ɫҪͷ֮ʱȴѾˡ
Ÿոշ벻ʮ׵ķΧ֮ڣ֮Լһ˵ӰӣƺʲôڵţӣȻһ˫ɫ˫ۣȴ͸һ˵һۿ˿ĸ飬·𿴵Ľһһ㡣
ȻһۣǷ벻ļһ˵ȴǴ߻ľɱһ֮£ֶûжһ£ʵˣȻĨȥһӡǣ£Ϊһ߱ʬ壬ûһ˿
͸һ˿֮ɫǰһָǵùһʬʱһѪת˵¡
һУ˵ӰŻģɢ֮䡣
ۣ
۵ĳ֣ѩŵһƵη֮⣬⻹ֻһͶӰǺεȵĿֲ
ŵ治Ϲɱƿߣһ㣬ִ
һ̣Щ⣬ȨָԽĺ壬ķʣ۷
뵽ңӣȴǲһЦҲλ˭ֻҪ۵ķʣҲһ˿֮࿹˰ɣ
һʱһֺεȵı
һʱ䣬ΧһƬܹԼΧķ
˲ͬȴԼףһһʲôģһƵһۿһײģ
һ̣ȴȻ˵ڷɽһ֡
һˣжη壬ȴǶʱ˲٣Ҳ˵ֻĬĬ۾ٴιһ֣䵱Լվǵ֮ǰʱ⾳
ƣģ
һسĺɣûʱ䣬ûпռ䣬һз·һ㣬һ㣡
ؼ䣬һе·𶼲ֻһЦͬϾһСźĳɾһ㣬Ц

Ƭ̣ٴ˳⾳ðһ亹·ʶҪݽȥ޷һ㡣
Ҫˣ۵ľ磬ܹȵġߵ˷ߣŷͷ麹ѩ̾Ϣһڵ
Ȼ֪еĹһֻ֣ʶΪͼȥ۵ľѡ
΢΢ҡͷ粢δ𻰣ֻȴǶʱƽ
۵ķʹȻ۷Ǳһֵ̺ĺ֮Ҳ㲻ֵһˡ
ˣڷһ޿ƥеӡŻɢȥ
һһ︺Ϊ͡
ȻֻǼ򵥵һ仰Ȼʵʱƣÿһ⣬һֽȻͬĸ
͸һ˿֮⣬ȴǲ뵽˸ࡣ
֮ǰѾ˴ͶӰ֮£ȡʥͷȻ˿ȴǲͬƺһЩͬĸ
ɣʥãȴʵܹժȡġһ۲ѩ
ֱ˿̣ȻоѩԼ̬ȣƺЩͬˣвһ˿Ȼ֮ɫȴΪ˵
ѩ˼Ǻεȵ˲˹һ˿֮ɫ漴ѹʵôôҸĽ㷽磬Ƿģ
֮һ˿ɫ΢΢ҡͷҲ𻰡
汬һ˲ɱˮʱ򣬷֪ԼѩˣϾ֮ǰѩǼԼʩչ羢ġ
һ̣ȴǶʱЩڣԼôһʱأҪɱǴԼ鷳ô
ôˣҧ촽ѩЩյʵҲ֪ϣˡ
֪⣬¶һ˿֮ɫһ㣬ȴζû뵽ģʱѩѾôѵװģ
ͷһʱˣװװεмңǷֱ治ǲװģҲ̫Цˡ
ޣ֮УȻܹյӰ죬ѵ㲻֪ôٴθֳ籧Լ֮ʱԼʧأ󻶵龰ȴǲ޵ֻһҧ쵰źá
絹û뵽ʲôֻȴԼһΪµͷ
֮УܸܵӰ졭
ι㵽û˵յһߵϣѩûֱͳȻļһ
ûУǣ˵룬ôȡʥɫ˿һЩڷܵ
㻹룿۵ͶӰһףҲδܹӵڲףôȡĵûķ˷ۣѩ˵
Ҳδء΢΢ҡͷ绺֮ʮʮоţȥһ
ʲôѩϺЩŻȻ仰ҲЩɵˣʲôʲô
¶һ˿Ц⣬ȴҲûи͵˼⻰ףȻ֪֮ˣҪȻ̫ѡ
ι˵㵽ʲô˼˶ţѩ̲סٴ׷ʵ
䲻֣Ϊ֮ʱҲȻһֻҪܹҵǸһڣܹ֣νȥһЩЦҡҡͷڽ͵
仯ϢȻȴҲ㲻һ֮ڣץסһץסһеı仯Դ
ȻֻǺܷ˵Ҫץסָоʱ򣬿ɾͲǼ򵥵ˡ
ѩ̫ףνĶȥһȴҲԼЩ׷˼ˡ
һȻ⣬ϸ룬ȴ
˴˿̣ѩŷ֣ǰһ·ԶһգΪѾʱȴ֣ᷢ㷢ֵģƺҲȻֻǱɽһǣ
òϣļһŮջ
ǣ֮ʱѾ˲ĥӡɱȴԽĵࡣ
ҧ촽ѩЩյŽµСʯӣһʱ䣬ȴҲ֪Ӧôˡ


 ڶʮ ǵȥ
˼Ƭ̣漴һ˿âԼȴѾһ롣
취ƺһԲ֪ɲɡ̧ۿһѩ΢Ц
ˣüͷѩûĿڵ
ѵ㲻ҪϹҲϣֻЦѩʵ
ãұͲʲôˣǵȥˡ˷һۣѩ漴Ҫôԣ
ܼ򵥣һˣȺӽȥסʱҪҲ̫̣ͿͶӰֵ˲佫ڶ˶ȥһ£绺ڵ
ǵ÷ҲʥƲƲ죬ѩʱٴȥĸƵģգ֮䣬ֻһ˵Ц˼ƺ뵽һ취ء
ʲô취⻰˶ʱ˾һȿֺĴ˹ȥ
취ȻУ´ҵһգ۾ѩһΪѵӵ
ʲôֻҪܹõϹһҲӦõġļһʱظĵ죬·Ͳʲô˵һ
ôЦȻգ۾תǼˣѩ϶ʱ¶һϲݵı顣
ǵȻѩջһȣ˶ʱֻûзԱļˡ
ǾͶлˡЦһ֣ѩһץһˣֱӾŲ˹ȥ
ʲôһ£ȴǶʱ˶סˣֱħŮ˵־Ͷ֣۾գһµġ
˵һûôѩһԻĿ˷ʵ
һ˲䣬ϲ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫӦһЩ٣ǣǲζ˭Ըȥ
ɨ۵Ӱٴγ֣ѩһһƣתֽһ׷˽ȥ
һۣһָ
û˿Ķ۵ĳֻһĿֲη
Ȼһֱϸ۲ŵķ磬˿ȴǶʱ¶һ˿ϲɫд󶨡
ôعͷѩЦʵ·ӳȥľʯͷһ㣬ѹû˿ϧģǼ־ܶȥ
һ⻰ΧȴǶʱɢ˿һѱץСĶѩԼһ
ҪԲ֪¶һ˿΢Цʼ
ãѩ˼Ǻεһ⻰ʱ˷˼ָһתۼʮöɳҪ֪õʥİ취ô˼ڿڰء

ֱǾѩӰ΢΢һΣɳ̶Ϣ֮䣬һϥǹǱ򴩣ʹĵڵϡ
û˿ԥѩ֣΢һ֮䣬ֱӽץ˲
Ů㲻úڿУ˶ʱĽ䣬ȻȴҲѾû˿ˡ
һ̣۵Ӱٴγ£Ŀ˲Ϣ䵽˵ϣ֮̽Ĩȥ
˲䣬ȴȻ־ת£ȻʮӰŲӽļöץȥ
¼٣һ˲䣬籬Ķ̾ڵıٶȣԿǿߣһԾߣһֱöʥ֡
ˣ۲Ȼ֮ǰ˵ʬһָ
һ˵ȻʵϣȴǶ̶˲Ϣ֮Ĺ
˳ֶժһӣöһĲʥժºһŵϣԾ־ٴչԭ·ء
Ƿ뿪˲䣬۵ĿҲͬʱת˹Ŀвһ˿ɫʣȻڷ˵ȴ
ڸƶ֮УȻоһֲɱϮ׵֮˲佫Լ֣·˲䶼Ҫȥһ㡣
ۣ
Ȼҧ⣬ҵʹԼľ£ͬʱзɿĹһ֣׿һͷͷһƬҲͬʱ׿
ʯ֮䣬ͬǰȻ䵽棬΢΢һðһ亹ɫҲ֮òҰסȻȴվ˳
Ͳһ˿˲䣬Ѿܹо䵽Լ壬ֻʱԼѾԾ˲Χʮ֮ڣտտһ١
Ȼô˵һβʥȴվժС
ö͸Ĳʥжʱӿһ˷֮⡣
Ϊõ˲ʥΪǶȥһĸһԼϡ
ͶӰϾͶӰһģԷ˵ⲻΨһһһĻ۲죬֣۵ͶӰȻԼһ㣬ÿһγ֮һ˲ļΨһĻڡ
ĳʱ˫ٶȣֻе߶ͬʱʱ򣬲ץס˲ϢΨһȥһ
Ȼð˼ķգȻջȴҲͬϲˡ
ŷ羹Ȼժ˲ʥһ˲䣬˲Щɵˣǲŵɫʡ
һѩȴҲ׷ˣԻص˷ߡ
ϲ㾹Ȼˡŷ磬ƺһӣȻһѩȴѷκˡ
˭ĵ羹ȻˣӲӿֲͶӰػ£öʥֱǲ飬ѩϧ⣬ҲԲһ㣬Ȼֻʵļһȴˡ
ͬϲҴӦĻһЩվֶһöʥѩ¶һ˿Ц
ʶĽӹӣѩȴǲһӣԭѾ˷緭˵׼Ͼʥʥʵ̫ˣ˭Ҳ᲻ýֵĶͳȥ
οԼʵǲ緽ģҲ˵Ƿ練ڣԼҲ÷ûκΰ취
ңʵ˵Ҳûʲôֶֻ˼˽ȥѣ飬ûԼҲܹͬõ
Բҵġŷ磬ѩڻǿ˵
ҲԲҵġЦɣ΢΢ҡͷ˵ʥظãҲǲЧİɣ
Ȼⲻʥ˽⣬ǷȴҲף䣬Чֻеһηʱã޵ʥϾܳˣ
˵ͷѩҲûзϣ¶һ˿Ц˼ҿɵҪúллء
ȡѡҡҡͷ漴ٴˡ
Էɱ¾ģҪץֻϹɱ򣬻ϧвڣȴҲ̫ࡣ
ӣʥãβһӸǣ̰ڻ̲ס˵
ɹȻһЦжʱ͸һ˿ɱλĪΪɵӲɣðɵķȡصĹӣƾʲôָǣ


 ڶʮ Ų㣡
̰ԭ֮һ
˶벻£ᣬôܵõʥҲôˣѵ÷һôһ㣬˵Ҳ˵ֱ׳㲻Ӧˣ˼
ԸȥģüͷһЦż

¶һ˿⣬Ȼڵʥϣ˭ҪͶģ֣ܳҵҪ˭ܴȡߡ
Щˣһζõģɱ¾ʱһҪסԷЩһ֪Ѷˡ
ҪȻժһЩΣҲԸ˽ȥҲ֪˭ðôһ䣬ʱŪΣȴҲһ˿̰֮⡣
ϵĹӿҲ٣˾ܻҲδɣ˻٣ʵȥˡ
ѾλˣҪʥĲԼȥȡɡЦһȴûаɿڵ˼
ոһѾһΣǷҲδؾаһܹȫˡ
ʥȻ棬ȴҲֻеһη²ЧԼõٶʲôãңһ಻ʥƱػ鷳ƥĵ绹Ƕġ
̿ͣΣգ޿ɵջ侲ǱҪֵĵһ׼
һ㣬ȴкûд򣬾Զȥɴ䣬ûһ˿
ιȥģ͵һţѩһգʱҲȥЩˣȴֱӾͱˡ
ΧʮȴҲû˭ɷǡ
Ƭ֮䣬ѩ׷ڲʩչ־£絹Ҳû˦
ιģ˾ӣ˼ʲô
ϹɱôҸѰһԵǺܺãΪʲôһҪңЦſѩȴҲһΡ
Ҳܣ˼ҾˣȻɱҺˡ΢΢ЩѩԸɴˣⱾŮ˵Ȩ
ˡ漴ҡͷӦ֪ϧҶ죬֮䣬һս㻹ǲҪĺá
Ұ㣬ǻܶ༸ʤ㣿ѩЦĲ
ҲӦġ΢΢ҡͷƽشɶ˵ΪĶ֮һѩƯһٱҲ޷ɵ׷
ޣΪʲôôԽ࣬ҴӦʲôƣֻҪһ仰Сŷ磬ѩĿڵ
һȴǵû˿ٵģֻҪԸɱˣôȵ첻ˣɱ͸磬ҲʲôԵġ
ѩԼûз֣̬֮֮ǰ˵Ѿ֮𣬷·ɱҲѾô޿ȡˡ
ǸûȤû˿ԥ統ؾˡ
ɱ֯ǴĵӵģѹûаּȤ˵䲻ģǰҲҪ
οѩĻҲţһ˵ѩ˵ģȵصɱˣô
㡭Ĳûţѩֱг嶯ھ͸ɵ쵰ˡ
һѩٴ˵ˣϹɱ֮Уʱͬܿ԰ɣ
ûҪ΢΢ҡͷȻǾܾϰ߶οոյõ˲ϹҲҪһĵطҩԡ
㣬ľͷѵҪȵϧŻôܱһ˰ȫǣҲ˵Ϊʲôѩǲ÷ܵ
ĬƬ̣ŻڵǸҲá
Ϊʲô
ΪŲ㡣룬ҲΣɴĻشһˣ˭ҶֻҪӦһ͹ˣ㣬һٷֳɵעϡ
ӲţʲôʱԵѣУֻҪ㹻棬ѱʱпܸһ
ڴ̿˵ܹεˣԷǳ٣£ܹȫεˣֻԼ
ڷ˵ܹȫεˣҲֻеɽϵǸͷ֮⣬ңҲ÷ȫΣ˵ѩˡ
⻰ѩڳĬһ˿Ȼ֮ɫûмֻ֣ĬĬͣ˽Ų
Сƺûиоԭŵʱԭ˵ʹʹЩ
ĬĬŷʧʵֵУѩǶʱ¶һ˿ԳЦ⣬΢΢ҡͷ
ˣڴ֮ǰԼֺγŹʲôˣԼ뷽֮ĹϵҲԶԶûдﵽֿĵزΪԼ̬Ȼת䣬ѵԼܹŵĹô
ŲϹѩȴǲ΢ЩˣԼǶԣǲԣ

ۣ
Ѱһ䵥ĵùɴһĨ
СĵĻ˶Է·򵥵ٴݣһƫƧλôͳʥȥ
һ˲䣬һůȻӿƬ֮ȫÿһ缡Ӵ֮Уһɱ䡣
Ӵע룬÷һ̥ǵĸо·Ҳ֮ӯ˲١
ңͬʱһɵ֮·ӿĸоԼ˼άһ˲˺ܶ࣬·ͻȻһ㡣
ӵع򣬷·˲ӿͷԼԼһ֮⣬ԭ˲ƽ
ĸо쳣泩·һƣ֮ˣͻȻȪһ㣬޲˯ȥźá
һˣʱ򣬶ͻʧˣ벻κζֻƾȥһЩع
ȻȴȻ£ҲȻܹ־Ե侲
˲Ϣ֮䣬ʱӦ˹лĬз䣬˲ٴβ򷽴䡣
ͷĻ˵һİѾɽеľѧֻҪܹ͸䣬֤
ðɣ֤˵ȽϷҲûĲնԱȣʵȴԽܹо£ÿһвͬĸ򣬶ľʵ
ʣȴǷ·˲˷羳֮УڶؾĴѾ򿪣ֻҪһܽһƬոµصˡ

ˣһ˿⣬ȴǲûһֱӽ
ոյϢ˵ߣһиȴվһ
ǰժȡöʥһöһƯŮˣȻֱˡ
ʥᵽע⵽ԱߵĲȴǶʱһ˿âɭȻⲻкȻȡˣΪβȡߣ
ʵʵľһ飬ȴǶٺóĬƬ̣˸ȻĳƯŮ˱ѩȴ벻ôյһȥġ
һ˿ɱ⣬΢΢һȻץһˣͬŲ˦ȥ
ֱۼͶӰ֣𺳵ˣжڷļɵȴǲ˼֡
Ŀ˸һ嶯Ȼ۵Ӱȴվǲðȥժȡ
ǿҲûаܹһڷǼֱʱٶȵѡ񣬼ֱǱ̬ҲòΪ֮̾
ңҲϧһдҵ磡
ðȥҵ磬ֱӴӷķ㡣


 ڶʮ ߣسɴ磡
췢裬Ŀ磡
ռѪһ·ɱ¾ޱߣҲ磬˱ʱңµǣ࣬ʵѾһֲֿĵز
ֱ۵ĽǷУȻδףħ֮ϢѾܹݵĵͿշˣһһܶ
һƳѩɫȴǲȻɫ䡣
㣡ѩ˲䣬Ҳͬע⵽ѩһ˲䣬Ȼ͸һĨâһֱ֮ӳѩǰ
ȥ
ܵϵѹѩʱٲ˿ıöͬʱɳ߱֯һſֲĴ
ƣ
͸һĨɱһץɫħȻ۳ǹħȻ¡
һеǰ붼ֱɣֱӽӴĸֱӱٻ٣һ˿ۼû¡
̫ˣһǹֱܵʸûУѩʵȻҲһ޿ɿ֮⡣

͸һ˿⣬еȻȥͬʱѩˣȴȻһӰ
˿̵ʵֲ̫ˣһ֮ƣħ棬ʵ֮ǿҪϧӣȴһв
ٶѾ˼£Ȼܹ̤շеȴߵĻᶼûС
ħ죡
ǹȻһȴȻֶΪһƬɫħ棬ȥ·Ӳѩ˻
㣬Ӳдһ˿֮⣬֮УɭȻڵ
ħħˣ͸һĨֲħѩɬĿڵ
ħΣһ˿мȻֻҪɱǣΪ𣬼׹ʲô
⣬ѩȴǶʱĬʱȻףϮɱԼˣ¸ͲˮǷ硣ֻǵԼû뵽ϡͿ֣統ӡ
ˮҪɱѾ֮ˣĸ𣬸޵ûˡ
ѩûнͣҲͲҪͣԴ˿Ѿħ˵ʲôá
Ҹһᣬҵģҿʱһ͸һ˿⣬ڵ
ѩ޵ĻǷ磬ϾǷ磬ƾѩһˣҲûˮƵͬھĵز
ҵҲһ¶һ˿֮ɫѩЦ
ʵңҲûаձʤҲΣƽڵɱɱ㣬޹ؽҪֻҪܴҵƴͬھҲᣬǸʱȻпһ
⣬ѩڳĬ漴չ΢Ц
˼Ҳ֪أҲܲһ£ҪأǾ͸ߺˡ
Ҹᣬһ֮ǻҲұȡƬ̣һ֣ջħ棬ƽڵ

ףʲôˣ
򷨳Ѱҷ磬ԶԶĿڵϣ亹Ҳۻ಻Щ档
˭֪ĸ׳գùϸĴһ£ǰ彣û˶ʱʧȤ
ǼƣˣʶʧȥˣҲûһıɱҲûκκôȻûԸȥ˵Ǳˡ
ҡҡͷתȥȴ֪ôһת䣬ѾӹŹǰһȦˡ
ǺεˣɱĸоǺεȵ񣬼ڸ֮Уһܵɱ⣬̱ᾪѡһȻᱻϣ˷˲ʥҩЧЩ˴ŵˣȻҲһġ
ʵϣ˿̷ĸҲѾҪĹͷ
䲻תԼУƺѾһ˿ռıԵȻףνķڶؾ磬Լռйصġ
˼άתԽԽ죬·ڶؾѾֻһ֮ˣȻͬʱȴҲоʥҩЧѾʼ˷ɿˣò˶þҪʧȥЧˡ
Լǿʱ䣬ܸҩЧʧ֮ǰ̤뷽ڶؾ磬ֻ¶ʱھͶлܹˡ
ǣ£ƫƫ˿ãϾԼʱ̱ڿ£Ȼ±룬пֱ˳ָ״
оҩЧɿˣȻһᣬȴȻȫͶ˸֮Уʱ䣬ҲʲôʥҩЧһ˿־Ҳ˻
һ˲䣬عƬ˳ŷ˼άɿۡ
ʱһ̣·Ѿʧһ㣬ԼҲ֪˶ã·һ˲䣬ַ·Ǽ죬Ǽ꣡
ʶٴλعʱΧĿռȻ飬·ܵʲôǣһ㣬ռ֮Ȼ
һ˲䣬˫Ȼ˫һΧıҵĿռ֮ʱٴƽ

Ĵӿ³һŲ΢΢һ亹ȴһƵĿϲ
羳ڶؾ磬̤ˣͷ˵Լ̤ľ磬һȴڱˡ
һ֮䣬Ȼ֮Уʮ׵ľ룬һֱ֮˹ȥֱӴԽ˿ռƣ
سɴ磡
⻰˵ȥֱЩ˼ңӿһĻֻҲñĿɿڴɡ
ռ򰡣Ŀռ򣬼׵ʵҲǸոմռƤë񣬷羹ȻףѾܹÿռˣֱǲ顣
ȻʵϣܹҲ̤һѣңǰóҲԽռ䣬ȴǸܵġ
ңسɴֶΣҲżƣһ̤ĵֱһ֣Է׵ʵһȻĵ֮һ仰˵ֻҪôȥĵͬͨһ˿սˡ
ߣسɴ磡
ڶؾܸ٣вһ˿Ȼ֮ġ
ŵ˵̤ڶصѶӦڶؾı仯Ҳʵ̫ˣ
ܹڶؾɣߣ˲Ϣǧǲŵ֮ƣȥˡ
ϴ羢һ־ķ֮ڣ޵жӦǸһֺεȿֲľ簡
ɣ˽֮ʱת˲֮䴩ԽռֱӳԷ羢һɱֵĻᶼûУǺεȵĿֲ
ȻҪһ㣬ʵ̫ңԶƾسɴȴȴѾܹϧ潻ˡ
ֶΣǲǿľѧ
ŷԼɳһ۹
һ˼˹˲Ϲ֮еİȻųڵһЩʣһ˿̥֮Ч
΢΢ԽȫȻЩ۹һ·һ飬ŴӲԶķԭ»ϣٴλָ˱Ŀ


 ڶʮ 쵰ʲô
أ۽ǶƳһ۲ĮȻڵ
ǿôѩشµ˵ʥ꿪Žж컯֮Ч꣬ޱȡ
ѩ֮гջ󣬡֪ħⲻʥȴж컯֮Чժ²Ϲãδر㲻ָܻŶ
ֻ֪ģĮȻ·ûѩĻһ㣬һ˿ı仯ûС
ѵһ㶼ģŵĿѩֱԼĻûСǿпܾȻĲʥ
ʥܾȵĻôƽĿѩʵ

ʥ̺ҲֻԻ˵ģôתǿн˾Ȼ
ڿԸңôۿѩȻһ˿ɱ
㲻Ҫ֪вʥѵҲһ㣬òĶôۼɱѩæ͵
⣬ɫ΢һЩɨΧˡ
þò˵֮䣬ȴӭ΢Цſڵ֪λǣ
ѩһҲһɻ󣬲˵ͷһ𣬶Ѿõ˲ʥôô۷ˣңǺ췢֮ˣɢϢмη塣

ѩشбȻһ˿ɱ⣬ɭȻŭ⡣
ǿħ˸ͷ⣬ҲѾܵɱħӰ죬Ǳ壬Ҫնɱǰһ顣
ŶǺεݣ񣬿Ҳû˸˶˵һ˲䣬ɱ
һħȻն־һȭȥ
ħ棿ħ֮ˣһ֣ȴǵ㷴Ӧ˹΢΢һչһɰȻĳȻӭħ档
Ҳһץ£ǹʱͣȻΪһӰ¡
Ӱ
һ̤ȻһΪɿƶ
ħˣȻԶ˸ħĿ£Ҫǣƴʵ̫ˡԷҪĿֲԼɵĶȥ
һɲʲôˣħ죬ɱ
ۼսһѩȴԼһ˿˼Сĵ˳˼
ܣ̱ն㡣ɨѩСս֮ɭȻвȴǶʱѩͷǿЦ
ģԼȥĸһĳνķģǷ簡

ȥǱϧӸһ췢֮˴ѵģмĽĵùֱӾ˼ˡ
ԭΧڲԱߵȺת۾ɢˣû˭ǵģﻹʱ򶼲ȥǣҲܲסನ
ɲڽͷСܣô򣬶в㡣
ˣŮʲôˣƯҪǱߣǿɾ̫ϧˡ
ޣ㶮ƨŮ˿ĺܣѰ˼ж߲ȥ
ûŮ˳֣ȻʮҲǵС˼
˵ֱӣȻһӰȴ뿪ģֱȥġ
ף˭Ȼȥٶ̫ˣڴ˶ûܿ嵽˭
꣬Ƿ磡۾ģʱ˳Сѵ

䣡
һκ޻εĶײһ˳ʮףħ۵ĳǹҲͬɢ
Īƴܾˣһ˿ɱȻںϵѪ𣬲ô
Ľһֱѹ·磬̲סв
Ȼ⻰һϵĹƶʱһеķ֮ɫҲˡ
˼ϧҲòʱô
˵֮䣬ĳ˵ǰǹһ˿Ц⣬Ȼڵ
磿˲䣬Ȼ͸һĨɭȻɱ㾹Ȼҳ֣
˵Ϊѷ磬ֻΪ˵õɱ䣬ô罫ͼ֮ȴǲû衣ڷĳޣֱĺ֮ˮҲϴˡ
ӷɰ¶һ˿Ц⣬粻ΪȻҡͷ˵ӲһֱôһֱܶԵ̫Сˡ
ˣ
˲ֵͬ˲䣬ѩȴǶʱһĪУԭеƺһ˲䶼Ѿһɨա
˲ȴ׷һҪðյģϧӣһ֣ʵǷ磬ͬʱλֵĹǷҲ䡣
һУƺֻΪ
ѩУһǧɿԲϹѾõֻҪȥܵĵõУ취뿪ˡ
Ҫϧ
Ҫ֪ۼαװɷʱӵģòʣϰԿǣϵϢȻͬˮһƵķȫµҲͬûڹء
˵һսˣҲż˹򷽴˵
ڵ㣬ô¶һ˿ЦĿڵλֵһս֮ʣ¼ս
۹ǺεȵһսȻսȴҲû˿֡
Ҳˣ˴ս֮£ĵȴԲƬָܹ֮ģ¶֣ܹӳ߳ɵսѾˡ
΢΢һͣһչҲ˿Ϊ⣬ҡȵֺȻˣֺβĵʱ֣
ûȤ˷ۣ漴תѩ⣬ҲΪһˣҷģҿԱƽ
һ˲Щ㶡
ҲͰˣͲ֪зôʲôˣַֻôͻȻҪһ־͸оԼйصˡ
ѩȴǶʱһ仰Ūɻ
ҷģĪĿŷ磬ѩֱҪŪͿˣһԼǷôôҪԼȥʲôģ
Щӣ˵һֱĳһðҵͷĴƭҲƭ˲ˡüͷЦЦĿڵ˼ȻҽҵͷҲָ˵ǣ
ŷһӣѩȴǲûѪʱ𣬵˼ðĵʱ򣬾嵽Լǰ˵Ƿ硣ʱԼɵ˵ʲôϲĻȴǺ޲һҧ쵰ǡ
Ķŷ磬Ŀ˸ȴվûпڡ
ҲȥֻǵĿѩ֮ʲôϸҲܣֻҪҵģϵ鷳ұˣ˭鷳Ҷһ㶥¡
һ£Ȼ͸һĨɭȻɱﲻϣҿɲ֤Щʲô
в
ŷһɱѩȴǲûε쵰ҪʲôѵҪԼҴݲô


 ڶʮ ꣡
ҸҲƼˮ꣬ô֪λá¶һ˿ɫѩεĽ͵
ƼˮꣿҿǼǵãδ뼫ԭ֮ʱǾѾһˣ˴νϹɱҲһġ˵⣬΢΢һ٣һϼһЩƳѩЦŲĪΪĳ㵱ûô
⣬ѩȻһȴǶʱ˷˼
ȻϣȴȻһɬ֮⣬·жѴһ
ĳޣɲҪҡᰴڽϣƽͨ뺡
֪һطҲܱ֤һǡ·𱻱ƲѩڷˣɿĽ͵
⣬ֹǷ磬۾Ҳֻͬǿ򷽴ȴͬ˼ֲͬζ
ⲻͶˡ¶һ˿õЦ⣬Ȼתϧǲ׷ŹҵģǲһΣ
ãҵҪʲôƺһҲʱӦ
ȻԼֲ̫ԾĸоǣƺҲֻõѡ񡣶ڷ磬ﻹЩɵģǵĴ򲻹ǵģ·硣
ϾЩ˿У˵ժ˲ʥģȻûֻҪ۳֣㲻ƲҪժȡʥҪٶˡ
￴ֻҪס˷磬ȵȫָҵֻġ
ϴδҴһȴûٴμʵһִͳһոµʣǴһ˿΢Цת򷽴һΣܲỹҪɣ
ֻҪ˼Ը⣬ôûйϵɨѩһۣڻش
֮ϧӿҪ˼һƯһŶգգ۾ѩЦ˵
ﱾ֮òֻҪַܹɣ԰ˡȻһЦҲ໰չȻ
ŷӲ֪ǷңܵùһʫأüһתѩĿʱٴ䵽˷ϣĿʵ
Щ﷨ۣ˰ɡ΢΢ҡҡͷ統ܾ
ӣѩôϴһ˿ɬįѩ̾Ϣ
һı飬֪װģҲвһ˿ϧ֮⡣
΢΢һ̾Ϣ漴ʵһ򣿡
΢΢һѩ漴ش
ҲѩȻһ㣬ٶȻŶȥ
ŷܾѩȴǲӿһ˵ʧ֮⣬һԲ
Ȼһ̣ȴԶԶƮһٴ֮
мˣ
һ˳ǣٹ˹֪ٵã
ԼӷдЩģ͸һɲã֮⣬ȴвһȻ
Ȼʫʱ򣬼ҲòΪ֮̾ҲΣʫȻ۷ˡ
ѩиһ˿âЦ⣬漴Ҳٸȥ
Ҿ֪һͲҺúȻһЦȻһΪһͬʱȥңˣеıҲͬûа̵ͣЪ


ʣǷĿڣֻŻеΣա
ţеԽǿң֮УļʱԽ͡Ĳ˵Լûܿסô뵽⣬ѩȴ¶һ˿糺֮ɫյĵ˷һۡ
ԶԶǷɫˮأͬʱͣ
ʲôطأ̲סһ˳Ȼ֪Ƭɫˮؾʲôȴһ˿ԤС
װŪ͸һ˿ɱʱĿͶѩģ
һΣû˿Ц˼һԲϱնɱ˼
ˮزﲻȥϴ裿һ˿âȻΪһӰһץסѩȻȥ
磬쵰ۼԼȥѩжʱ¶һ˿֮⣬һ󳱺죬
йȻףҪ׷ɱΨһĻᣬȻ뵽ܵӰ죬֮Ļþѩ޲ҧ쵰źá
һĻϲȻһɱһ֣ħȻӲŷ繥˹ȥ
Ҳ𻰣͸һ˿Ц⣬һ֮䣬Ȼ̤˷ɫˮ֮У֮䣬㾶ԵˮصУͬʱܿһ
Ǻ⣿¶һ˿âҲ̲סʵ
ˮλҲϴ裿Ǵһ˿Ц⣬ʼ
˵֮䣬еѩȴѾȫʧȥʶٴγ˻þ֮С
͸һĨɱȴǵ׷˹ȥշ򷽴硣
ˣմˮôС¶һ˿Ц⣬Ȼһ壬ʱһɾξˣɫĺˮȻγһ˳ȥ
䣡
ħ۳ǹҲܣһǹֱ̳ӽ˳ƿ׷Ϸ硣
Ȼˣȴվвٺˮ䵽ϡ
һ˲䣬ˮȻٶûֱУ
ѡħĵֿ͸ͣǸ֮֮Զֻһ㺣ˮҲ֮޷ֿˡ
թңһ˿ɱħ㡣
̾Ϣһħʵɲ⣬ʵûаһս
һ̣ڷӦ˹͸һβȥɱŭ죬Ƿģ
һ˲䣬ԭ벻ͨһжˣҲֻõĽͣ
ûνķĸǷٰģ֮ǰˮѾµˣԣŻ᲻ϧͼ뷽ͬھҲ󻼣
Ϊʵʵ̫ǿˣˣˮûһ˿İܹв磬ܵĶûУ
磬뵽ģһ˿֮ɫɭȻڵȻˣǱһɣ
꣡
΢΢һеĳǹȻΪħ棬ͬʱȻӿ³һѪɭȻڵ
֮Ѫ⣬
֮񣡡
֮ǣ꣡
Ѫ⣬꣬ǣ꣡
Ϊ׼ľɱһУֻΪɱһ
䣡
һжʵ̫ˣ쵽Ӧʱ䶼ûУ˲Ϣ֮䣬ֱӱǿķʽס꣡
ֱĹȴǸ޿ɱܵģǷֵ绹ãֻҪ΢˷ֺسɴ綼ûˣֻüٴλһƬ֮ˮͬʱ˽ȥ
ƽգѾȹǲܵӰģ걻ȴǱȵϵһͬٴܵӰ죬ˮĵϵͬʱҲ֮ٴξ˻þ֮С
ңͬĻþ


 ڶʮ ֮򣬰޻ڣ
ιι޳֮ͽȻðש͵ϮңűĵֱѪĴ
һ⣬͵Ҳ˭
͵ң
ȣ
ޣˮ

ǿ˻þܹﲻϸֵĻ䣬˳ʶʱЦ֣ˮ֮Ͼĸ飬ԼƺֻһԹߣȻȴһеһůůꡣ

ӽޣʽˣ˭󣿡תˮʵ
ұһ¡һĿӣ˵
ޣ֪Ƕ󣿡
ҿ϶һ¡һ˿Цĵͷ
ޣˣôˣ˭ġӷŰ۶˶ۣˮأ
Ұüǣˡڵϣˮڻش
Ҳ㻹2ˣϴ󡣡ӵ˵·ռ˶ıһ
УҲϴŶûУ˵ǲǣ
ǺЦ׽һ֣ˮ¶һ˿Ц⣬ðɣͦʺҡ


ۣ
һѪήҵĵڵϣӣǿߣҪң̫أ߲ˡ
ƨǽʲôҪһҪһ˭㣿һƨϣӴŴһôӵףһһϻ쵰Ĺͷ߶ϣŮȫǹ·档
ޣӣͲеɾĶ˷ۣȴûˣߣŻлΪұ𡣡
ˮ˵ֻĬĬһѽץԼϣͷһ˿亹δεĺͷ£ɲһԡ
ңȻ˭ܲ۾΢Щ죬
һһˮֻǳ˵һ仰

һˣҪΪѹΪ˵ǲһֽѡڲݵϣǿգˮڵ
ޣ˵ʲôǿǷ飬ôԴҡĺͲ˹Ƶġ
㵽ʲô£˵Ǵһ
ÿ˶ܣʱܰɡǿգˮһ죬ǵͷǻ֣ᷢǷǳŶ
УһǳءӲΪȻҡͷ
İɣҷģֻҪһڣһȫ¶һ˿âˮ˵


ٴתˮһ˲䣬ۿˮ˶ͬױһ㣬˻֮һ־˼µź
ڻþ֮УܵӰ죬·ܹĸܵʹܹ⵽˺ѷεʹࡣ

ģ㲻ģ˭жнקƲ⣬»Ȫһͷն£Ϊ졣

飬޲壬ѪѱңԳħ

źɱһĺ⣬·񷶼Ҫһ㡣
һ̣·𶼱ȾһѪɫУûɫֻʣһƬɵѪɫ

ˮϵķڣͬκˣһϮܹоһ˲䣬ɰٱŴѾͬӰ쵽԰Ρ
ģ
дſֲɱ⣬źܵĵô֪ܿĵ꣬Ҫ鵽ҵʹ˵Ҹòɱ㣿
ɱɱɱ
ڵɱ⣬˲佫ˣ·ƬضѾ޷ĺɱҪһ
һ̣ȴǶʱĬ걻Ҳ޷Լþ
ȻʱҲЩվԹߵĽǶȣҲĸж
֮򣬰޻ڣ
粢δ𻰣Ҳ֪Ӧ
һʼӽǵʱ򣬷ûаʲôģֻǽڻԼѡ
αװķʽкܶ࣬ѡյһ֣еƶû˿ĴȻˮɫֵʱʵѾ˽֡
ˮԸӣƴһԲؽ̡
֮ҲͬѡҵķʽħɸĽǷ֮ǰû뵽ġ
һ̣ͻȻͷĻ
۶ྫĲ֣ܱ֤һʧΪһЩ˻޷ƿء
̿ģ֮ʱɱ¾һпвԼأĨɱ
Ǵ̿ͣȴ飬ͬޣЦжᣬҲʹ
ɣҪȥΪ֮ѡһѡǰߡЩɳƣ˵ҿΪժ²Ϲ޸һŲұвʥһժ¸㡣
ȥ⣬ʱĴЦѾˣһȥպкĿ
˵ĻҪһȥǣȴȻҡͷĴЦȻȴ͸ŵˮ䣬Ҳûҹܽʹȴη
ɣ
һץħʱٴγͣŷ繥ȥ
ڻþ֮Уħʵ֮лҪֲĶࡣ
Ȼڻþ֮УȻܵӰ죬Ǳ᳹ʧȥĻᣬ׹֮УҲ޷ѡ
ֵ˲䣬һ˲Ϣ֮֮Уʧʮ֮⣬׵ıܿĹ
سɴ磡
ʵ֮УԷʵҲ޷άֲģͻʧȥеþ֮ȴһˡ
ֻڻþ֮УҲ·޾ģù˼ģֻҪһ̤ȥѾ㹻ˡ
䣡
շ·ҲѾܲסֲսನʼ˾ҵĲɱ纣أȻƾηҲվ޷˵ֺ
̤˷ڶؾ磬سɴԶǳܹġ
ֻҪ粻룬ƾѣҲǰ״
Ȼȴɱ˷磬еԽأܵӰԽģʶһһεıʴ·ɱ¾֮⣬Ѿûκε˼롣
΢΢һ̾ϢȴҲףԼĻᣬǰˡ
һֱѣҲ԰ĿƣһʧǣôȻɶ
ֻҪǸʱ򣬲ǣƣĿƣҲֻһ֮ѡ
֮򣬰޻ڣ
Ϊжȴվ˶йй̾ϢǣЩȴӰ쵽ǡ


 ʮ Գ
ȴҲżȥˣþ֮УȻһжǼٵģǸȴȫʵͬġ
޵ĻᣬһδԼأȴһ˿ռط򣬶سɴƿҲԽϤ

ԭˡŷȫ˷ɫĳˮУע⵽Աߵʯһ˿âȴ˷⡣Ҳһ¡
ӷ֮ǰıֿȻѾƵģŷѾĻԼٲ֪£ԼҲѾˡ
ϧˣȴվǵ͹ľֶΣ
һ꣬ħŲؼΪħˣҲֻ֪ôһ־ѧѣԼȴǲġ
ԼΪ֮ԼͬʱѾϣˡ
Ҫ֪ħ֮ˣʵ̫ˣپİٱͲκܹѵˡ
ߵһ죬վûпһ㷴Ӧų׷ˡ
Ȼɱ뷽ϿܴڵĲʥȴվṳ̂
ԼԼ֪ǳԼжصִ״Ŀ뷽磬һ
̾Ϣһ뿪ô˵˷鷳Ҳһ¡ڸҪ취ܵĻϹɱĴвǡ

꣡
Ҳ֪˶ãͻȻ֮䣬ȻоԼһЩˣԭһֱ˲ָ糣
һ̣ʩڷϵԼȻʧֻҪ룬Ȼʱܹ뿪ˡ
ȻһδԼϮȴǲ΢΢һʹ
֮򣬰޻ڣ
⻰Ȼ򵥣Ȼʵϣмܹأ
һˣһȴǲٶĹħ湹ɵĳǹᴩԼ壬Լʵķ飬ΪһѪꡣ
һ̣ʶԾˮ棬ƽ̤ɫĳˮ֮ϡ
΢΢ԥһ£һ˿Ȼ֮ɫȴٴˮһѽץ
ٱ߽ǰ
ԣ
֮ȴǶʱһϳ
㡭㻹ţôỹţѾɱ㣡۾磬ʱҵֻʶֻһȴǸûв硣
̤ϣ̾Ϣոյֻǻþħ޷
þô¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫĶŷԭվɱ㡣
Ǹһ˿ǸȻ֮ɫ绺ڵһܹʱסɱ⣬ٸ֮Բʥָܹ
㲻һָ֮ɱ㣿һ˿֮ɫɭȻڵ
ҼȻܹģȻҲܻģģֻҪ룬ǰ߹Ҳϳҡ¶һ˿ƽ֮ɫڵ
⻰Ҳԣŷ˼ǵ治ɱǱȻҪҲʱġ
֮ҲԶֹһ¶˾ģ޷ǾǻһԶݣطˡ
ΪʲôҪɱңһ˰ˣ֪ɱң͸һ˿֮ɫʵ
壬˶ѣ̾Ϣһƽ˵
⻰û˿ȫʵĸܣֵ꣬ȷ÷ģһ˿Ѻۣ壬ʶɱ
緽˵ɱֻΪҪɱˣҪκɡ
ɱҲͬҪ
ǷƶһģǷ磬ǷеĴ֮̿
Ҳ˵ȻһգȴȻӿһɿֲɱɱɽ˲Ϣ֮ΧҲ֮ɫ䡣
ۣ
ȻؿһģһѪһȴǶʱΪһѪɫСһѪΪȻڵɱתϧԼʵΪۣ˳ɱĴС
ȻɱԶԶȲ¾ĴУȻ̺ŷѪɱҲͬżǿڶ˵ֻҪɱܹ΢ڵɱˡ
Ҳ𻰣֮䣬ֽʣһöʥó
ԲϹǰָ꣬ɱɱ⣬ķȻαȴʱסħˡ
ǻۿһĻҲΪֶ֮̾ΣȻڹȻȴ޿ɷϣĿǰеΨһʽ
һ˿֮ɫסʥŷȡΧ֮еɱڵħ֮Ϣתɱ۽ȴǲᡣ
СģôûûзһУĻɺѣֵܡ
ɬĴӿ³һ仰ȴȻһɷɱ⣬˫ٴαûҰףһֱһĳֱӽʥ˷磬ͬʱҲδת͵ɱɢ
ˣҲɱأһ㲻ˮֵܣˮҼȲΪ𣬱ǹһк棿
͸һ˿Ȼ֮ɫħȻٴηӿЦҲΪΣܳ˶ݣ
µ˲䣬ȴȻ˷֣ٴ֮УЦϧûһ˵ĻΪֵܣ
ֵôһ۰Լܹӵֵô
һܹԼϧ޻ڣ
еľȻʱĬ˶ɱջڡ
ˣȻʵ֮ɱ㣬׹ܣΪ㱨ˣ
һ˿ʶд棬ЦһЦͬʯȻףûϢ
ħ׼꣬ȴתĻᶼУƱһɢĽ֣
񱨲˳ִУȴǸûһ˿Ļˣ
Ψһȴֶͣ
Ϊˣֻһ֣
ľͷȴ뷽ʲô֮򣬰޻ڣ
Ҳû˭ʸ
УģҲܵģҲˮȻȴԲκѷɫ
˵ˮѾһУڸˡ
ҲóŵȻղδɱ磬ȴҲȻ㾡ȫˡ
˵ҲѾõĽˡ
֮УһʵͷԼȥԼ׹԰Σ
һ˿ʶҲ֮ʧʱõ֮ˣҲܺùɱ޹ô
Գ
ĬĬָƽ̾Ϣ
һ·ߺã


 ʮһ ҪԶסң
˼ѩЩͷʹüģ΢΢һŴ֮ҵѩӰһֽ֮
ѩδܴɼִҲһ뵽ѩԾ֮ǰԼǾ仰ҲЩȻԼô쵰ô
ᱧѩ䵽ߣѩǾµӣȴҲһĪļ¶
ЦҡҡͷŽѩŵԣԼĬĬָŸոΪתɱµơ
ô˵Ҳѩһ𲼾֣ȴû˼ƨɾ˵ġ
ʵϣҲûеȶãʮӣѩת˹
һۣߵķ磬ѩʱ죬ƺЩģ޵
ٴ֮Уб˷ڵӰܵĴ̼ԽԽ޷԰ΡܺŬĲԼУΧһжʵģȻȴڻǽ١
еһУȻĿһж·ʵļһ㣬䵱󣬷ٴδ֮нʱ򣬼ֱѾЩֲʵˡ
þеû䣬ֱ˿̶δɢȥʱѩһڼ˵ĸо
ˣʶǺε񣬼ѩתͬʱʱˡ
磬쵰
˼תȻȴڻǱһյ
ӣЩε˵ѾˣֻҪңȥģӦöʲô鷳ˡ
⻰и˼ѩжʱ΢΢һʹЩίĿŷ磬ǱǱСϱһ㡣
ԷĶȻ飬вȻ˲ܸһŮװģҲһԾܾĸо
һһЦ欣ڹ͵쾡£Ůˣֱ㲻Ӧô䡣
Ҫˡҵͷƽ
һȣۿҪߣѩ̲סں
ͷûתֻоһһ̱Ȼожһˣʶֱס˶Է壬ȴǶʱ÷һԼЩʧ
ֻǻûȷ練ӦȻоͷ΢΢һʹȴѩһͷȻһҧ˷ļͷ
¶һ˿ӵɫ粢δֹֻôĿѩһԲ
ѩҧܹһ˿Ѫɫ֮͸ͬʱļҲͬʱˮʪ
ѩֱ΢Щһ̣Ƿ磬Ҳ֪Լеһʲôĸܣ֪˵Щʲôá
ô
Ҳ֪˶ãѩɿڣ̧ͷ۽Ȼһ˿ۣ򷽴۾
ĬĿǰŮˣͻȻ֪˵Щʲô
һ̣ȻһǸ̻ŮӣǸΪԼ׼˶ƵŮˡ
ףǵڣԼҲȻǸŮˣ㵱Լذ״ࡣ
֪ҪߡҲָһֱߣǡҪסңԶļסҡ
ˮĻ䣬Ө͸
סôͻȻЩʧҲ֪Ӧλش
ĨӡǣҪԶԺôαװʲôʱҶҵ㡣
Ĭãڻ΢΢ͷã
һ̣֪ԼΪʲôӦֻΪһ˿ļ¶
ˣ˼ҲŲҪߣһΣ˼Ҫءգ۾ԭеˮ·˲䶼ʧĸɸɾֲոһУװģʵС
˿׷ʵĻᣬգ֮䣬ѩȻȥȻɴ䡣
վԭأҲ֪˶ã͸һĨɭȻɱſͷ
ˣɻأ̤Ϲɱһ𣬷ûд뿪
Ȼһ㣬־չȻΪһӰͬʧ֮䡣

ϱӣ߽һǰȥⲽΣϹɱ򣬲Ҳδй˿ҡ
̧ۿһۣԶһСɽ壬߽ɵвһ˿âµĲȴҲڻ
ǰСɽ岢ߣԼҲǲ׵ӣӱϣƺҲʲô쳣Ȼϸĸܣͻɽ壬ͬһıһ㣬͸һɵĽ⡣˭ֻҪӽɽΧǧףо͸Ľˡ
ǼǰУֽͻԽԽأҪɽ֮ʱǹɿֲĽͻɽ֮͸ǾĽȾֵȫֲ֮
˲Ǹ߽ȴף⽣֮вһѾױ˵ǵùĵ۽ָ
νһϹɱ֮Ϊˡ
գָܹõ۽ֻϹɱķӡɶ÷ӡŵ۽ɶܹѭֽҵ۽ڡ
ʵϣһνϹɱ򣬸߽ΪҲһѵ۽
һ߽ȻһɹϢӭĽ⣬һŽȥ

ʦ˵һϹɱַбϡ֮Ѿ̤ˣȴվһĪνϡ֮ǲʥ
գЩɻֻ뵽۵ͶӰб㲻һͷʹͨ׸֣ҲδؾܿסͶӰĹɣ
䣡
ͻȻ֮䣬ԶȻһֲ𵴣һɾֱ̲񷣬µĽϹɱƺ׵Ĳˡ
ʲôһ˲䣬Ȼ㷴Ӧ˹ı仯ʵ̫ˣԲʲôҪ֪ǿߣҲ޷ôµĽ
û˿ԥһ㣬ʱɢǹɽλȥ
ʵϣҲֹߵ𵴣ʱϹɱ˶סˣٴˣ׷Ǹλȥ

ۣ
ϱһѪ߽ɵ˫ԼЩȻȴȻû˿飬·𱻽ʴ˸Ͳһ
ϵȻû˿ı仯ֲĽҲûһ˿ĺۼ
˿̣߽Ȼе˽ɽֻ50ҵĸ߶ȣ̤ܳϽˡ
һ˿ɫ߽Ĩȥǵһ˿ѪȻٴŷ嶥ȥ
ֻǴ˿ڽĹ֮£ȴԵȻضҪӲ̤һֻǼˣ߽ҲȻû˿˼Ŀᶨ
˵۽ƣ߽ɺò˶þͻ˸ЩҲͬ֡
ǲЩ˸ϵ֮ǰõ۽ҪܵѹҪصĶ࣬ʱϵԽãҪٵľֱԽࡣ
ȻҲһרǿߵϷЩͨףʸ񶼲Уǿнӽֻбɱķݡ


 ʮ ۽
䣡
ŷ嶥ȥļһûüߵɽ֮±㱻Ľ飬ʬ޴棡
֮䣬߽ÿһĽݺǵأֻǴԶҲĸоǽƣԿƾ춯ء
֮أ
һʱ䣬˲פ㣬Ŀⶼ䵽Ȼĸ߽ϡ
ӷ𣡡
̧ͷɽ壬в˼ɻ֮ɫʵֲ̫ˣ󾿾Ǻεȵľױûƿص£ͷųĽ
ԥһ£һ䣬һַӹӰĳ˻Եһ̤ɿɽ塣
˼
ͬʱ˻ҡȣһɵħסҲͬŷ嶥ȥ
˵ٶȶǼ죬ת˲֮䣬ɽֻɽ֮䣬ȴҲͬڣĽӿ˭ҲУÿһ̤ļΪСġ
һ֮Ĳչ˳߽ɵŵʱϱѾ˲ˣȻȴȻ
һ־ϵĲ࣬ؽ֮Ĳ࣬վһ仰Ĩƽģŵûܹٵϴʱվ޷ؽǿȡ
ɨ߽ɵȻһ˿ɫȻһȻһĨϢ֣ٶȸ˼֣ӭϡ
̫ˣɽ֮оʲôԶĶˣȻǰȴҲûԸȥ˽µ֮ȴǲûƬ̵ͣЪ
ͬʱԶȺȴǲóһ·ȥ
һϮ£彣ǹһ˿Ц⣬ŲæĴȺ߳ȴҲû̾͸ȥ˼ֻǾĿһɽ壬·˼ʲô
ķоȴǶʱ˵һ󲻽⡣
ϤֵģȻ׷ʵȻ˵һǿϧ߻ԣȴҲԲڱ̫ǡǰôһûУ
Ȼڷ˵ģʵҲҪӣҲͺں
ǵʵȻǿȻȴҲԲ˷磬ֻǰɽĸоȴʵ̫ǿˡ
ֻ˽⣬ܸоĳɽ֮Ǿױ֮ϵ콣ǺεȵĿֲ
ܹоĵ˻һױ񼴱Ǳӡɽ֮У˿ֲƣһƿӡһ˲䱬Ծ춯ء
ٷڲûʮİܹϾûжɹ٣Ȼ޿Ĩƽġ
Ҫǣ˿ȴֻܻܲѾױѡ
ģڴ̿˵ȱĶ
߽ɽѾֻж̶ʮ׵ľ룬Ҳδһüͷ·Ϸһ㡣
ʦҪȥô¶һ˿âͻȻ˵ٶȥ£Ǳ㶼ҪŴ˵ȱʧ֮ˡ
໥ǣ֮£ʵϣﻹǻԶûгȫĶӦĽ⣬ȴѵĳʱ
ӷ𣬴˾ױǲֻӰǣɱ֣֮֮˵ֻ˼顣СɮǸĵѹ꣬Է𷨻ȻΪá˫ֺʮƽڵ
еαҲգҲѹҲãȻҲãҲ䵽ϲǣ֮ǲһͬΣ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ե
СɮҲд⣬ʩ룡һţȻţ·Ϊ޺Ӳ콣󲽾嶥ȥ
һ޺̲סһҲͬ͸һħ²΢΢һӰȻչͬӰһ㣬˲Ϣٱܿ콣ɽȥ
һ˼ͬʱԾ˷嶥ɽһӡȥ
¡¡
Ǵǽӡǵ˲䣬ɽȴǲȻһ漴ɽ֮бһ޿ƥеĽΪһڰĽâֱ̲񷣡
һ˲䣬ɽȻ飬ͬʱӿΪһâն䣡
ͬʱɽ֮еĵ۽ҲӵĽƣ͸һ˵ʡ
ȻȴһѹڤĿֲϢһ⾳·֮ϣݺᣬûûκˣκܹԦ
ȻֻһѽȻڿУһѵ۽ȴͬԼһ㣬ĸӲ
ɽ飬˶޷ֻܽһ˿ſеĵ۽ץȥ
Ӱֹ⣡
һ˲䣬۽΢΢һȻһΪͬʱն£
ɲǷƾӿĽ۽ͷŶĽ⣬Ʒֻһ
û棬ûѵƣɱⶼ΢ɲ飬Ȼһ˵ȴһ޿ƥе𺳸У·ʱ䣬ռһ֮£֮ᡣ
䣡
ҵĳ֮£˼ͬʱɶͬʯŵ䣬˭޷һ⣬һѪ
һ̣һָо·ͶӰ֮ʱһ㣬оԼһǰСͬһ㣬֮ġ
ʱ򣬸ҪκεĽͣ˶ѽ
۽
׷µľױֱһֳ̤̳֮Ȩƿ𽥵˵ߵС
ʱȻ˸Ҵ۽ģȻʧ꣬ѾɣǱһˡ
˶ף˿̵۽ȻƿֲȻʵϣͷŵȴȻ۵ڽϵһ˿ѣֻҪܹסƣпܻõ۽ֱõ۽
ջʵ̫ˣνĵ۽ɲֻһѷıѣ۵Ϣ̺͸۵Ľ⡣ܹӵе۽ӳԵؽ֮λԽնɱף׵֮뱱Ⱦǿ棡
۽̺ģɵ۵־ɣ˭λ棿
Ҫִ֪Ϲɱʱ֮䣬˸һ˿֮·۱ִΨһ飡
ʱգۿɣҲһ˸ڳƵۣ
ǿ֮ˣҲ಻֮һ֣·ѾһɣɣҲ˸ңһ֡
ݵߣҲͬһѡ
۽𺳿֪ҲϹɱַֹһ֮ϵĴڽ룬򣬿ҲͲǣǿˡ
һնˣ۽ѾƿأϷ·ҲȻһ˿۵ƣء
ЩʵһЩףѾһƵĿ־壬·ҪĤһ㣬ڴˣµֻ۽Ʊ֮Ѫ°ˡ


 ʮ Ϯɱ
ӭϣ
ȻһˣȻȴκһ磬һٴſеĵ۽Ծȥ
Ȼʱ򣬳֮⣬ȴһҲͬʱ
磬һصڣŵ۽Ȼ־Ȼʩչ£ŵ۽ȥ
ģٶҲ̫̬˰ɣ
Χˣû巽ĶȻоһգ֮䣬ڿд߸Ӱ˲Ϣ֮һȥ
ʵϣ˿ͻȻҲֹһˣʮӦˣҲųȥ֮ǰǲɽ壬Ǵ˿̵۽Ѿջ֮£˭ܹܵˣ
۽ȻֲǱϾûƿأƱȻܳãһ˶ǳֻҪס֮ǰļι㶼лõ۽
ʵҪǲܶ࣬Ǽܹ˵õ۽ǿɾͽȻͬˣƾ۽֮ԽɱȸҲȫûпܡ
һʱ䣬ӿ˶Ӧ˹һѷŵ۽ȥ
飡
־ٶ˲Ϣ֮׷˵ӰڵλãȻ֪۽ģ־˫ٶȣܱ˸죬Ȼ˶ΪҪȥȡ۽ʱ򣬷ȴڿһ벻תۣ䳤Ȼʣһ㺮âֱıĵȥ
ȻӿڿУＸʶĸоһֲΣͫȻͷһ۶ңȻһչ־Ǵæһ
ϧˣҲѾ̫ˣչ־籬ٶȿԶǳܹģ׼»áȻֺ޷͵Ϯ֮£ȴ޷мܵġ
ȼȫû˿˲䱻Σ֮£ؽǿߵսչ˳䲻ݷ֮ӿһھӲ΢ƿһ֡
Ȼһֵľȷʵ֮յľһ
ѤĽ⴩ضλôһֱӽӿд䣬׷۽ˡ
۽Ƕûɨһۿеĵ۽бһĨɭȻɱɵһŸ߳׷ء
꣡
Ȼ̽һѽԼ֮еĳϣҲڷӦ˹һתһѪֱȥ
һѪɲֻģħһǱѧΪѪһѪ;ԱµؽǿߵȫһȥһѪл̺һѲһմ϶ʱһͻᱬ˳˵Ƥ͸룬Ķ
ҲѾǱƵ·ͻȻϮɱûԤϵģֱʱûע⵽ֵ˭Ҫ֪۽ǰʱ˭ƴҪõ۽˭ȳ֣ûõ۽Ļóȫ˲
һҲͰˣҲûõ۽ƴһ汳Ҳ˵Ĺȥ
һֶܹ˵ĵ
ҲֻзͬĴڣ뵨ǡ
㣿һתһѪȻ˷磬һ˿Ȼ֮ɫŵľ
ɲںͷһ˿âжϽȻͶȥ
ͬʱ־ٴչݱܿѪ׷ȥ
飡
Ѿ̴Ȼһտտ㼤ĶϽķɣտտأһ˳߲
䣡
ͬʱ߽Ȼٴνӽ۽ȻȴӭӶȴȻһƬֲĽ⡣
һ֮£Ҳͬʱɣ֮ȥʮˣ˲䣬ֱӱ㽣նɱһƺߵĻᶼûС
ָ޿ƥУ
ȻĽ⣬ȴͬһˮ㽽£е˸߰˰ˡ
۽ãҲӦʵʸȥϣǴȥˡ
ȵӦֵģǱĿɿڴ˭õһֽ֣һϧӣǲûϧϮɱĳʵ̫ޣӦ
ž
һؿ֮ϣڵĶϽʱһѪɫĿ·磬úݵĻ磬Сˡ
һбһĨɭȻɱڵȻˣǾһսûǸʵ
ɱ¾Ȼһʱ˿Ȼȴվǳˣһ˲䣬ܽеͷȫ£е׿·Ҳ˵۽һ㡣
΢΢һǣϵǣʱȴȫûȤսˣһ㣬ȴȻٴչ־ŵ۽ȥ
ȴǲûа޳һô
Ȼڷ˵ȴǸͲҪģ̿ͳδ֮ʱУ֮ǰ˶ŵ۽ȥʱ򣬷ȴƫƫܹ׿жڵ۽޳Ϯɱ
ϧȴվδһȫȻȴȻδ֮ܽɱ
ʱһսʵʵӲˣȱ˵ʤ˵֮䣬ӮƴսҲܹ縶صĴˡ
ĽɲǷҪġ
ο۽ȻУδһ˭̵ס
ٴνĿ䵽۽֮ϺȴҲò̸ƴͷ
ոǵȻƿֲһնɱʮˣȻڻ˵ȴһõϢΪϿոһ֮һѾ˺ܶࡣ
ɱ־ţ۽ѾֻҪٽ¼ε۽Ĺлõ۽ˡ
ת֮䣬ŷ磬һٴŵ۽ȥ
ʵϣʸŵ۽ˣҲֻ˶ѣչûǷʵ̡
ԭϧǿһȻһضȴ˲ʹƽ⣬տտͬһϣҪ˵ǿĿܾǻˣֻλȴվ˼ɱ⣬в̫
һ˵۽䵽УֻҪᣬҲ̫ΣգǼ˵õ۽ǿɾ˵ˡ
һ˵ȻʵϣҲ˲Ϣ֮ѣת֮䣬˱ٴο˵۽
һΣϵǣ۽δٴαâ͸һĨ˲佫ͬʱС
һ˲䣬˵ʶ·˲䱻һ㣬һƬ޵С
ͬʱƬҲ֮˲·ʱпܱһ㣡
۽У
һ̣Ȼ˷ӳ˹ı仯ͬʱ˵۽УʸĽˣĵľ˭ܹͨ۽Ĵп飡
һϹɱϰߣɱ֮дУǵ۽ȻҲδ⡣
һ̣ΧȴǶʱ̲סһ̰벻žеˣ̽ųȥҪûʶ֮ʱ֮նɱ
Ȼӽ۽֮ϱȻһҰ׵ĽâɴĽ֮նɱ
ȴѾ׽ֹκ˽ӽ۽ˣ


 ʮ 
һŷʯΣһ衣
Χкڰ׶ƣĿ⻹ʶ޷͸⻷Χĺڰ׶ط·ֻʣʮƽ׵λá

ʯ֮ϵİڣ˿̻֮·δ֪һ㡣
˭ľ˲ʵ
˭ҪҪǣ㣬Ϊʲô΢Цҡͷ
Ϊʲô˲㷴Ӧ˹
ǵ۽֮Уһ˿âʱʵ
ǣҲǡıעˮ̧ͷٴο˷һۣô
ĬƬ̣ڻʯ֮ϣ豭ƷһڣȴȻδ𻰡
Ӻң龰˺׽ʲôмֵϢҲнȻͬ
粻ʣǰҲͲ˵ֻ΢Ц裬ƺһжûκιϵһ㡣
յλ̧ͷЦֻû뵽ݺµۣȻġ
òֻǱǧʥҲһӣһ죬Ҳǳ˶ѣкβͬ΢ЦҡͷȴҲĬԼݡ
ⳡǴȥֻ·ǵþһƬˣݺأִ۾Ȼһ磬Ļ˵ȥ˭ţ
Ҫǣ羹Ȼܹۼ棿
ĲһʹһײеҲδؾǶħˡ΢΢ͷЦ
˼΢΢ף򷽴֪ݣ٩٩̸ݲߣ֮಻˶ѡ
㣬Ҳֻǲڵ۽֮еһɣû˿֮ɫıȻƽ
ȻһЦҲ⣬ʣܴɵô˽С
߾ܡƽۣ΢΢ͷ
νһָϻƵĺڰ׶ڷʡ
΢΢ĿƬ̣޼̫̫ǣǷֻ
ŶЩɻ۲Ŀ򷽴磬ŷȥ
Ȼ͸һ֮ɫһָ죬ָΪ̤ΪΪΪΪŮΪﲻΪ
Щ˼΢΢漴Цҵߵأ滻£¾ֵΣ
һһ︺Ϊͣ
΢΢ҡͷָһ˲Ϣ֮䣬γһ̫ͼڣ౧εߵ
̫ͼ
౧תƾεߵҲȻǺõ̫
һȻȡ֮ӣȻܵͷӰ죬ڵ⣬ҲԶǳ˿ɱȡ
ν˵ˣҲһ֣
һڿһ֮ʱѾкĸ̤ʵڵҲ𽥼ۼȻ٩٩̸û˿İѡ
һ˵ҲΪ֮ݣʳ˵ڶ⡣
ν
Ҳ΢΢ҡͷƽΪΪڣת½棬ļֻأΪ
һ£Ȼ͸һ˿Ұף˫ĿһһףȻ͸һɿµ֮⣡
֮
ۣһ̣ȴչ˳˴˿̣ʵѾ򣬴˵صԼҲһѣ⣬ǱĶ٣Լ⣬֮ݻǺʲ
һһֻأ
ۣӿ³˸֣һ˲䣬䣬Χ֮˲֮·ҪһƬضһ㡣
úһתбһž⣬ȴǶʱ̲סЦһָأȻռٴζ򷽴һһʡ
һ£ۻŷ㣬Ը̳²ؿϹɱ򣿡
һ˲䣬ȻһҲû֮ǰǷݴ֮ɫȡ֮ģһɺȻ֮Ŀ־Υ棡
²ؿϹɱ
򵥵һ仰̺壬ȴκ˶ݣ
˵⻰ĿɲǱˣǸ߸ϣִΨһܹ۵ĴУؿϹɱջ̤ͬ۷壬Ϊµۣջ˭ܾܾ
ɣϹɱ۷֮ʱ۽ָ˭ҷ棿
ؿϹɱһֺεȿֲεӴǲǵִ°
ʣ۴ҡżش𣬷ƽĿۿڵ
˵򵥵һ֣ȴ·޾ϡ
գϹɱΪα
췴һսʶû˿ԥƽش
һۣǷд棿
ΪһնҲɣʣµģֻһƲѡЩɳƣ۳ڣ֮ǲɣ
⣬ȴͻȻЦҲµûۣ㻹ţ
бһžâš
ŶشȻ۵Ԥƣڣ۽䣿ڣ˻Ϲɱ򣿡
ǰҲʵһ⡣ĬĬͷƽĿۣ㣬˵һۣģ
һ֮䣬ѣ
Ҳۻش𣬷ƽҡͷϧ֪Ҳ޷ңΪҲֻһƲѣµֻǹڵ۽еͷ
۴УؿϹɱǺεȵջ
ò˵ջ󼴱ǷҲΪ֮УΪ֮𺳣ҲǡΪջʵ̫ˣԲŻᷴ𷽴Ļɡ
¾֮һµɱо޴壬۵Ĵб㵱ôõõ
һ˵ݺ£֮ȨָѪɺӣʬǳɽĴڣƽһ棬ȴʴ֮ˣ
۵̸̸ܵõ۵ϿɣôУ⴫Ҳδ̫˰ѣ
ʲôˣĶ̿ͣȱǽġ
űЦ
˻ʲôʲôϵڱǶڷ˵ȴţʲôܹ׾ٱܵõĻ
ͬʱȻΣҪõپ͵ø١
¶˵һ棬ʵ̫˸š
ڣʳ⣬ʵҲֻΪ̽ѡ
۵Ļش÷糹Ĩȥһ˿ȷ
ǺεִΨһ飬ʱգ޸ҳƵ֮ˣĴڣ¿ܷѵߣ
Ĵڣ˭ҷѣ
ػڲ۵ͶӰĮ֮ϵĴڣۣ
˿̣ƺƵۣʵۿµһѷ粻ҿ϶ͼʲôȴԿ϶νĴбȻģܽܣ
һ֮䣬ѣõĿռ䣬Ȼ飡


 ʮ ּ޾ɱ
һ飬ͬʱжϣ
ͬʱ˵ʶٴλع飬˷֮⣬˵жٶмã֮⡣ͬˣ֮ʱԲͬȻûͷִб;飬ָо˭һҪѪĳ嶯
Ȼʱȴݲ˭ȥ˼ˡ
˾˼߾֮ݵʧ֮󣬱ʱӦ˹ͬʱŵ۽ץȥ
ˣ
۽Ȼһܻ֮һɰϢȻһ̣ϣ۽ȻŷͶȥ
ͻȻıȴǶʱ˵ϣû˿ԥͬʱŷ繥ȥ
۽ʱȻ˶ףǷһ˵۽УѾĵ۽Զˡ
ĽԲκܹܵģ۽Ŀ֪÷õ˵۽˿±޿֮Ļˡ
һΨһĻǸڵ۽뷽֮ǰشնɱΨһĻˡ
˵ʵԭ֣˲Ƴתһ˲ĹҪڵմ飬ףĹ֮£ֻҲˡ
һ˿âת֮䣬ʱ־չֻȴȥ۽ҲǶܣǷķȥ
ŷǼƣֱƴͬھ˼
ƽգҲ·磬ο˿̻л߽ɰ֣Ȼ壬΢΢һչħӿһ
۽·һ㣬ְͬڿŷһתۣŷͶȥ
һ˵Ȼʵȴֻڵʯ֮䣬գ֮䣬Ȼǰ۽󣬶˵ĹҲͬʱ£·һ̾ͻ÷ֱӺɱһ㡣
£ۻ˭ûκĻᣬƼѾ˾ɱ֮ơ
Ȼһ̣Ȼֳһ˿аȵЦ⣬΢΢һ㣬˾Ȼƾʧ˵ߵУǻþҲʧûһ˿Ϣ
سɴ磡
ֱһ̣ڽһֱŵĵƽҿ˲Ϣ֮ƾֶ
һжĶʵ̫ˣ쵽Ӧû˳״ӷƾʧ֮зӦеĹʱ䵽ϡ
Ҫ֪ԭǹǰʧģһǻۻ߽ҲУֲĹȻ¡
һת֮䣬һ˶߽˵Ĺˣң⹥֮ģһѵ۽
ۣ
ǿı仯֮£ҲȻû˿֮һѪͬߵķһ㣬ȥ
ֻǣˣǼ䲻ݷ֮䣬ﻹ˳һקסҪ򷽴ĵ۽
һ˲䣬㱻ѪҲڻ̲סЦвϿѪȻȴ¶һ˿˷֮⡣
磬û뵽ɣԭ뺦ңȴڻǳɾң
һס۽Ｘ˷ܵһУҲȫȻںܵˣֻҪһϢд棬ƾ۽֮аմ˵Ĺ֮ȫˣǷɱһˡ
һ̣жʱһǿҵŸУ·һжѾƿˡ
ϧһ̣һȻ֮Ȼ󱬿쵽˼£Ҳֲ˼£޿ɵҲûܡ
ۣ
źذϢĴıĲ룬ֱ͸࣬һ˿ӦĻᶼûǿֲڴ˲Ȼ飡
羢һɱ
ͷβõ۽ֿϲƻﶼһˡ磡
һ˲䣬ֻܵǻ߽˵ĹԲǿסֻˣδ䡣
ǣʶģΪ˵ʱ򣬷ȴѾΪƺ˱ɱ֮֡
سɴ磬˲Ϣ㣬ȴǡþʮ֮λãǡÿﱻɵϡ
߽ɻĵɶҪ綯㾫׼˷硣
ƽգﻹһЩȻõ۽Ŀϲȴ׳ɢһ˿ǣ˶δĻ֮С
˲Ϣʧ񣬱Ѿע˽֣
֮ڣ޵У
һ䵽˷ǰ羢ȫǿֲͷ˲ؽˮܹ˲ɱο֮µˣ
˲ɱûиһ˿Ӷ۽Ļᡣ
һ֮Ļʱ˶һĿɿڴûܷӳһΪλᷢչϷԵĽ֡
۽ȻУɣҲȻţû˿ֵ˼
һɱ
նɱȴȻûȡߵ۽˼ߡ
ӷ𣡡
иһţһ˿֮⣬ȴҲվûȥȡ۽ֻƽĿ򷽴硣
Ǹ߽ɣһ̣ҲѾסˣóȻȡˡ
سɴֶΣһɱķɧԶԶ˳˵ϲ亹
ȴǣֻǾĿŵ۽¶һ˿֮ɫ
˾ױ֮顣̾ϢһԻڵ
Ȼˣȥ͸һ˿⣬˵֮䣬ȴͬʱִذȫŵ۽նȥɴȴȫûһ˿Ц˼
ĶʱѸ߽һǵ۽һﾹȻ˵ննһ˿ԥûУֱǱ̬
ˣ
һ̣ԭеĵ۽Ȼһһ棬ȻһɿֲĽâӲ˺飬ƿնȥ
գ
ϹɱԭһյĿռ䣬Ψһĳ⣬ûκο뿪Ȼ˿̵۽ȴӲ˺մһͨƿնȥ
꣡
Ȼ򿪣գ֮䣬߽ɾȻϳһԽ΢΢һŵ۽նͨɳ
ӷ𣬾ױʹħ֮֡һţһ֮Ȼ޺ǿʩչطͬŷ˳ȥ
ʧҲһЦЩһȻһҲеưǼõƵĻᶼûУԼҲδؾɱĵˡ
Ƭ֮䣬۽նĿռҲ֮ϣ·ûгֹһ㡣
۽ãȴȫȻûаȥ˼Ҳ˵ۿе壬ûЩ
۽ȱǱּǿߣ¶̰ɽ󣬲ûʲôô޾鷳
£һǵĴ̿ͣǾԲȥġ
΢һ£ȴȻ͸һɱ
سɴ绹Ǵ羢ʺ̫֪һ￪ȥչ鷳
һˣĿʱɭȻɨΧˡ
ȻƲѱ¶سɴôЩ˶һʣ
ûǵǣƣû˿Ĺ˼ɣɭȻ֡
һ̣־ȻչеذȻһĨ⣬ʼɱ֮á


 ʮ ϧ
ذ׷һ˿⣬֮Ѿһ˿ڡ
ˣڶ̶̰Сʱ֮ڱɱ˸⣬Ѿ˵սˣȫһ浹ɱ
չ־ߵĻᶼûУֳذףͬѪҹޣ֮õһ
˷ڶؾ磬Ƕ־⣬ǶĿƣѾﵽһȫµľ磬֮ͬڣ֮֮ߣЩȻҲʵķǰȴֱ֮µĸ򣬺޻ֻ֮ɪɪʴȡ
һпѾ΢ذף΢΢ҡҡͷֽذ׶Ŀʬ֮ϡ
룬ͻȻһĨЦ⣬ٴλصߣϸĴס

һͬʱƣΧĿռѾʼ˲·ʱпܱһ㣬һƬƽ֮ء
ҡȣưݲȵĴԶﹴһ˿Ц⡣
ϧȣ
һ·֮ϣȫûκ˸ĵ·Ȼż˲ƺֻ׵ʵȴҲԼҪ͵ݣ뵽֮ǰǿֲĽ⣬ȻΪʵһս֮ˣþʱ䵽ס
Ȼ˵ϧӣҲû˸ǵģ²Ͼֻǲ²⣬ǲ´ˣԼô
ϧӣּء
̤һƬռȶ򣬷ʱѩ
գҲ⣬ȴô˴˼֮ɫЦȣȻ
ӹˣ֮ǰоϷн𣬹ʷᣬջ񲻷֪ɷ˵˼ѩЦ̽
ᵽ¶һ˿ɫҡͷ۽ܲأҿ³ȥ֮󣬻սҲŲֻһʼѡ
۽⣬ѩʱΪ֮ݣ彣
֮⣬˭Ե֣ɹȻһЦڷʵ
⣬ѩжʱ֮һʳһֱʵ⣬֪ǷҲȥô
˵ҵ뷽羿ӳģĿٴ䵽ѩϣһ˿âʵ
ô˵ǼˣЦһ£ѩȴشֻ׷ʵֻ֪۽ջ˭ң
ĬƬ̣ЦҡҡͷҲ׷ʣȻĪ⣬գնһͨƿնȥĪոûиоռ䲨ô
˵ȴǼȡŵģϾֲ̫֮۽Уǲŷ˲š
˵ͷѩվ̲סʵȻˣˣĪҲڹô
ʵģǷѣ¶һ˿٩֮ɫҡͷ֪˽ƴˣҲնġ
ޣ˼ֻǺ۽Ĺѣʲôɣ˷һۣѩŭҪɱֻȥɱ˵ʲô
⻰УѩȻĳȻţ΢һɣȴǲ©˿һ벻ӡ
ȻˣﲻΣϹһ˿аȵЦ⣬ȣѩ
˵Цʹϧ֮Ϊѩһ鷲ŮӷƬԣ
һ˿΢ɲĸ֮ɫȴҲ⻰ǰǳô
˴ΪѪɫȣתʮ䣬ȥ뿪ָָԶʯѩڴΨһǣû뿪֮ʱóȻ뿪뺮֮УΨ֮ʱͬԲ֮ҹźƬ̼϶뿪
ָָֽµѩڵ
ֻ˼򵥣ȻƾֱףԲס
ӹȻЦ˵ͷѩ漴Բ֮ʱпռ˱Ѫɫȣת֮УûһתҪѪɫȾ۽ȥ֮ʱжˣܹµĶֻоˣѪɫȵĳڱ㲻֡
ˣ֣ǷҲ΢΢üͷۼڴ˴˱мʮңڲϸ˵Ҳù٣ô֮УܹģֻоˣǺεȵĲ̣
Ҫǣս֮ʱľ飬˵ļ϶ֻʮңҲ˵ˣҪʮ֮ɱˣһʱ䣬Ҳֻͬ·һ
ЩͷʹüģĿⲻʱΧˣ˸ɴڽ֮ǰЩȫɱͷ
ֻͷŸһб㲻ȻһݣȻԼƺܵɱӰף˲һ˿亹
ԭΪԼѾ㹻ᶨˣȻȴǻڲ֮ܵӰ죬ɾԲʲôϢ÷Լһ˿Ӱ
ӵ۽е£ۿûģôΪ֮һ¾Ҳͬţһ¾ôԼΪɱµ¾ͻΪԷãָоʵڲá
͸һ˿ɱȴǶʱһĪķУڲ֪䱻ƵĸоѾûˣԼƱˣƹ
һ̣һֳ嶯ֱӴѪɫȣҵеֱӽ֮ƽ
Ȼ¾˵ʲôֻҪܹǵĲãӦġ
ֻǣȴԽȴǾԼȥĵġ
΢Ƭ̣ȴҲٶ໰ʯǰƽĵϢڵ
ҲͻһʱˣĶԷ˵ʵڲʲô

ǡ۽ۼŵ۽ննϹɱ֮Ӱɢ˶ʱɫ䣬һ֮Ȼ̤Уŵ۽ȥ

ͬʱ߽ɱϵĽ΢΢һ׷۽ͬʱбһĨɭȻɱȻӰɢ˺ǳ
ôĵӣ
ˣȻӰɢȴϾǿߣһֻ׵СԼߺģ
һ֮䣬Ӱɢ϶ʱһɿֲʵȴǶʱʩչطʱָʵһĳƬأץ۽

ܵӰɢ˵в۽֮Ȼһɾ콣â֮£΢΢һƿǱأ͸޾ɱӰɢն䡣
۵֮У۽Ҫ䵽׻ߵؽСһУǿС
Ը߽ǻӰɢ˵ʱ򣬱ɱ¾ˡ
һ֮䣬Ӱɢ˱Ȼɣһ˿Ѫƶʱ˸ơ
ͬʱ߽ҲͬӰɢ˶
۽ȻУ͸һĨɱ֮⣬ָӰɢˣ
һ˿֮ɫӰɢȴǱòûҧ飬ңˣֻʣȫֵĻᡣ
ոһγֱѾõһΣ֮޷ס۽սֻ֣ҲֻеؽҵʵˣǸʱ򣬿£δܹ֤һĹˡ


 ʮ 
ף
ȻӰɢֻǶݵĳ֣ȴҲѾø߽ˣƽգ˵ףҲԸǣϾһǵǿƴ˭Ҳûȫˡ
ǣе۽ջǰ˵˵ˣǰֻҲǵһġ
ѹ߽Աʱ֣Ӱɢˡ
С֪ΪСĿ˸ӰɢȻһݣȴʱԵ۽ĿƣתϮˡ
ҲֻˣֻҪɱ߽ԣû˾֮ˣ취յ۽ˡ
Ͼǿߣһ⣬ֱ֮ƣӰչ˲Ϣ֮Ϯǰһɢ£󣬷·ƬضѾһ֣޿ɱܣ
Ӱɢݺ£þǰ˼ɢԼӰӰңӵ׷ɱܱܹȻ׸ԣ˼ɢҲνѪ۶ɣÿһǶ̺عĸ
мȻɱһֱɢ־ɱ㽫߽Ա˾
ӷ𣡡
üͷ΢΢һԵȻްθߣ屻һȦ֡
գ
Ӱɢ˵ǿϮŲòĵƣΪΪۣǿʩչطԷ硣
䣬ǿɮĴˣ
һӰɢȻһȴǵϳ˻Ե̲ס
ɮǱ֮ˣĮǿߣͳڣȻһȴν춯ء
ǵؼеļܹĴ
գϹɱ֮ʱѪϴĮ˿ɵǿɮһ֮ӲϹɱĽŲ£Ϲɱ֮⣬л֮һڤ
һ춯صĴս֮£ɮϷӲȻ˽ǧϹɱϵɱһ֮ػסǳʮڡ
һսҹڤųſɮΪػǳ֮ʱ˿ɮ֮նɱȻɣɮȴҲͬ͸ڤһݴ
һشڤȻϹɱӣͬʱӰĮӲϹɱ
ɮʩչľһзգ
죬ԵԼֳһֽգĿ¶ȱ֮ɫȻ֣ϷӲɢ֣
ͬʱ߽ɵȴȻΪһӰ·һ㣬廹Ϣ·һʧˡ
ӰݣĴˣ
գӰɢ˵ӰݲŸΪϤգϹɱˣ֪ܲĳ
ӰһͬƾսԼƬһ㣬ԣ֮ʱ˱һֱӰ״֮£Чǹ޶ˡ
䣬䣬䣡
ҲӰɢ𺳣һɢȴ˿ۿ۵ģ˵֮Ȼ£ɿĺϡ
߽Ȼض˵Ӱ״̬֮У򷨲ܣ㲻һ㴦Ӱ֮йǽԱĻⲻ
ԽӲͬʱŷյĴӰҲͬӰ쵽Ӱɢ˵ȥ
˲ϢĽ棬˼ͬʱɶ߽Ը̲סٴѪ
طȻ˵ʵȴվ̫ǿʩչҲӲ̫
ٴζ֮Ӱɢ˼ѾܹоԼЩѹסڵˣиǽп಻
ԭΪΪǵСȴطˡ
۷֮ʱҲͰˣƾʵѹƣǿطҲΪ壬֮£ȴ˰
ʣһȫֵĻᣬò¶ԷΪѵ˾ͻԼˣһ̣Ӱɢһ˿⡣
ӷʩףȻ˿ȴ֮ûǣҲ޷շ۽ġο۽Ǵ֮֮δر¡ŷ飬ȴҲ׷ֻƽĿӰɢ˵
ÿ۽ڱصã߽ɸǼ򵥣˿˼ӰɢǿߵݣɭȻڣԼв֮⡣
ˣ
˵ͬʱ۽ʱٴηһˣٴƿնȥ
һΣȴû˹˵Ϸϻˣû˿ԥ߽Զͬʱ׷ȥ
Ӱɢ˽µĲ΢˶ȴվЦһ£û׷ȥ
һΣҪõıһЩϹɱĴУۿϹɱַҪٴο֮ǰЩ˶Ҫ۽δܵõֵĶƺġ
۽ãǴ˿̵ӰɢȴѾûܹСжȡ۽ˡ
Ӱɢ˵УʣЩ˱ȽϺʰοҲһֱһֱƺҲͬδܲ½Ϲɱ
Цһ£Ӱɢвһ̾ϢѵԼѾô
һһһǿƣֱ̬֮պǳɳȻսֻ֪ǸʱԼûʸ


һԼĳϫ֮Ȼٴ۾
뿪ʱڵˣ
û˿ԥ˲䣬չȻԾѪɫ֮С
ʵϣҲû˸иˣռ籩ԼѾһֻ̾ͻᱻռ֮ˡ
˼ڵһʱ䴳Ѫɫ֮С
ѪɫȣתʮۣÿһתѪ·ɱˣ֡
ÿһ˽ѪɫȵʱжԾĸֳһʾҲͬʱζţһֲɱĻ
粢ûжκ˳֣ʵϣնɱЩˣѪɫȱΪ棬̽۲Χÿһ˿ı仯
ʵϣҲͲ˭Ըܵʾͬʱ˱Է໥ɱûʱ򣬳Լ֮⣬û˭ǲɱġ
Ȼû˸ǵģϧ֮ʵ̫죬ֻҪȥɱǾѾˣ˭ùͷ
СĻ֮ڣɱ֮Ѫ·ܹĿЩѪ͸棬ǽڣܹԼоĵССĻ֮Уɱ¾Լ͸ĹϢ
ԷʶȻܹ׵жϳϢ֮Ӱ˵ǣԾϢ
ȻһݣʱȻԭѪɫȵ⣬ͲʲôпĿ飬ҪϢʴģӰ˵ǣȻ֪Ϣʲôãǣȴڵһʱסǰȥ
Ҳ֪ǻʲô˼ѩߵʱ򣬻̲סһ䣬Ѫɫ֮йŹ֣ûǱΪá
˵ͬʱ΢΢һȻתһ䣬͸һ˿âȴȻԵȥ
䣡
Ȼδʹô羢ԷһȥһĻӱʮҲˣȻһȥȴһӡû£Լһ飬ǸоͨһĵʯͷƵġ


 ʮ Ҳñڹ
üͷ΢΢һҲϹˣȻϸĴΧĻһԡ
ѪɫȵеӲʵ⣬֮ʱоҲֻͨʯ϶ѣȻȴܿסԼһ˿ƺйŹ֡
ٴιɱΪɱ¾˹ɱɢ˲Ϣ֮䣬ȻЩɱⲻ͸ʯ֮ȴԼһЩѪɫ·
һ̣ȻӦ˹ʯܹ֮סԼĹ¾ǸѪɫ·йء
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ΧּһѪɫ֮£ڶתҲ֮ɹ
ĸ˵ĽŲʶڸʯ֮ɨ۲Ѫɫ·Ĳͬвϵܡ
ʱɿţȻվûҵеȴӲмѪɫ·Լһ˿
Ѫɫ·ܹʯ֮ϣǸ֮ϣֻҲͬӵмϧʱʵִ̫ˣô̵ʱ֮ڣҲ޷ġ

ɱ¾Ҳʧȥǣ뷽緢˹
һȻһ㣬һɿֲȻһ֮䣬ֱӽ˳񿪣˳һֻһģֱ˶ͷֱӾ­ǣһɱ
ֱ˿̣ŷ֣ѩҲͬڻս֮УȻû˭вĵȴҲ̸ˡ
ǣԼӼ˵üģҲͬһ˿Ѫɫ·
Ȼûȷתʮ۵ѪɫȱѾߵ˾ͷһŹĳ˵ߵС
ʱ򣬻ŵˣҲѾֻˡ
ųڵĳ֣ʣЩȻӦ˹һȿֺȥһԶȥƵġ
ͷ˷һۣѩҲڻĸ뿪Ѫɫȡ
ĬĬһ£ԼµѪɫ·żһʱ䣬һԾ˳ڡ
䣡
һ̤̹ǵĺ糱ˮϮ˵񾭲ٴαȻѾȻȴȻ˴ĵðһ⡣
һչȣҲʲôһ̤ں֮ϣȻԾŵͬڻ԰ɢһ㡣
վס˶վס
ո뿪ķΧȻƳӰɢˣǶʱһ˿Ц⡣
ڿУӰɢ˸ֶ͸һ˵ķɣҲһ֮ĸ׵ʵ
ϷӰɢˣҲûʲôɱ⣬λϹɱõĴչһ£ֻҪλ˽ϷȻҲѡ
Ĵ٣ԭò׾˾һŴϹɱ֮ȴǲʱɵˣ׸֣ȻĴ٣̫޳˰ѣ
һʱ䣬˵Ŀⶼ䵽˷ϣô֮УҲλϧӵʵǿˣϧӶԵĻȻǲģϧӲϣǱȻλȥͷ
¶һ˿֮⣬ȻҲЩС˼ҲƣҡӰɢ˵ɢ˵Ǻ£Ȼһ£ôҵĶҲҪ˼ô
䵽˷ϣӰɢڻüͷλħˣҲһЩ˼ɵģǷ粻Ȼȥҷ鷳ǼȻˣȴǲܷģҲûطˡ
ɫһӰɢȻϧ֮ôϹɱ֮еʲôУϹͷˣ
ǵǣֻҶЩõĴҲмȤɢչʾʱ򣬿ɷԹۣҡȣЦ⣬һӿڵ
һȴǶʱ˳ɵˣԭָϧӳͷأںãôҲһԼˣ
üӰɢȴҲվûж˵ʲôֻǽĿ䵽ѩϣѩɣһ˵Ҳмֺô
ѩͽܣӰɢԭûʲôĵģֻʣһȫֵĻᣬħֺмֹ˼ɣſ£ѩæϾѩʵȲϧӣҲһæﲻϲǡ
ۼϧӣѩҲӰɢվһʣµҲʱʧȥ˷
ʵʵԼϹɱһЩйʩչһ飬Ȼǲǻв˽Ҳ˵׼ˡ
ֻǵʩչЩȻҲм棬ȴԶԶûܹɱؼȵģ綼Ķ͸˵Ӱɢˡ
ֻôôˣӰɢɭȻڵ
ʵ΢ܹõĴȻޣҪЩУȻȥϧָ֡ӰɢʣС⣬ˮٴϧӡ
ôλҲʶһֶˣ͸һ˿ɱ⣬Ц֮䣬Ȼ֣һɱȻ͸Ϊһֱ֮ӽ˵֮նɱ
һ²Ǳģʽ֮ɱ䣬ȻֻһȻеȴȻ̾ͱӰɢ׽ˡ
ɱҵ˷磿һ˲䣬Ӱɢ˵ɫʱļΪɭȻڡ
˵ҵˣϧȴûκε˵⣬ЦЦĿѩһ㣬ͽҲԭΪͽˣȴ룬վʧˡ
ɻĽĿתѩӰɢ¶һ˿֮⣬ߵ
ʦʵҲͬ˼죬˷ʤҲЩֻǽҲŵҧҧ촽ѩæ͵Ȼ⻰ʵʵԷ˼ı仯ȴǰû͸©
ȻˣɱǴӺδӰɢ˵Ŀٴ䵽˷ϣһһٵʵ
ȻһЦһٴδ򿪣ҡţư֮ɫôҴĵõģҪ㱨ôɢҲ̫ƵԼ˰ѣ
벽ˣɫ֮䣬Լ˼֮⣬粻мļ

ӰɢҲʱҲסˣһ̧֣һɢִһȴûóȻֻ֮֮µؽ׵
ֻеؽףɢȴϾӰɢ˱ѪȻС
һ£ȻûӰ·һ˲мǵصͬʱһ㣬˸ֱ治һʵһá
ͫ΢΢һжʱ͸һ˿֮⣬ٷܣһ˲䣬ɱȻת֮γһ֮Ӱ
ɱ
ӿбһɱ֣ȻѪɫɱȻڿۣͬʱӰɢӭȥ
ɱһѪ·
һȻ粢δ뽣⣬ǵƾɱ䱾ƣҲѾӦ֮µӰɢˡ
ɱ·˲ʵʣ͸Ŵ̹ǵɱȻ£ݺݵӰɢһɢֺ䵽һ
һͬʱ˳һɱ
ԭҲôʵҲ䵽׵ĳ̶ȣߣֲò۽ˡۿŷ磬ӰɢȻϧδ۽֮ϵһ𣬱Ͼħˣ㲻ҲûĻᡣӰɢȻţ׷۽ȴС
ɢ˲Ҳһ֮£Ҳס۽֪ɢ˴˿ܷӳսȴνĽҶ̡
µӰɢˣȴǺںģӰɢˣǺ޵ҲϧӣûëǮĹϵ
ܹ飬ϧѾˣڹҲʲô˵ģܲڴӵԼʲǣ


 ʮ ɢ֣
ǼҲɵӣŷӰɢ˶ŵĻᣬһͬһ㣬һ¾ʹ˳ȥûԶԶȥ
·ѹûпһҲȫûг˼Ӱɢˣȫ˼ŵ˷ϣﻹܵǼС㡣
粻չ¶ɱ䣬Ӱɢ˵ӣǲʱƴģǣɱջȴ̫ˡ
Ѿˣ˵۽ɱҲˣӰɢǳЦ
ϧӿɲǱˣͲ˺֮Ѱ鷳ĻᣬֻҪɱȥħ֮Ӱɢ˿ûǸȥѰħ鷳
֪СΪ˱κβô͸һĨ⣬ӰɢɭȻ׵ǿԶܹġ
Ȼ¶˾ģӰɢ˵ҲԥȻһȫֵĻᡣ
ֻ죡
ɢְʽԴʽΪѾ̺һ˿⣬ֱ֮عգ
һư£ɫ䣬Ƭط·ʱڱΣֻʣڱյһơ
Ũصɱ˲佫֣һƱ޿ɱܣһ˿ͷ
ŵ˵Ӱɢֵܹƾڣŵ⣬Գɹľ磬ٽһγԼĹǱǱһǿˡ
ȻһҪǿɾˣӰɢҲὫɱ֮ˡ
֮£
һƣ˵ķˣһǿǰҲǱɡ
ȻȾӰɢ˰Ȼ£Ҳǵøһ۲ʩչģֻһȫֵĻᣬݲðأӰɢƴ˼
ӰɢлűƷ¶ɱؼ˼һ΢һ£δֱ£򷽴ӦĻᶼδػС
ڷ˵΢͵˲䣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
Ĺ֮£־Ҳûܿģûʲôܹ֮⣬ϾȽ׵Ĳʵ̫ˣѾ󵽲κεļֲܹĵزˡ
ֻǣڷ˵ȴȻһֶΣܹӵȽ׵Ĳ࣡
سɴ磡
һ֮䣬Ȼ֮Уһ֮ǰʧʮ֮⣡
䣡
һĿգӰɢ˶ʱһѪĳ嶯ѾõһգôìܸУʱ
Ȼ˿ӰɢȴЩ벻ˣӼһƬհףһƺѾ˶ڿе㡣
ռ䷨򡭡ѵĴӿ³⼸֣Ӱɢ˻ƺ˲䱻˳һ㣬ɫ˲ĻҰס
˵֮ǰ߽չֳ𺳵Ļôسɴ㼸״е֪һֵ߸ԵϢǾ
ռ䷨Ǽ۷ǿҲδܹӴ
ңܹ֮ƽӰƵò֮ǰһвòŽþһ˿ڿռ䷨ĸ
ңʲôˣ
վǿߣǰСأŽһؽ׵СӶѰ
ȻħҲδܹӴռ䷨һϧӣôǿֵزģ
ţȻʵȴǰҲɲš
ոһɢ֣˿ռ䷨ߵ⣬Ҳûܹ˾ܣͬףǱӰɢ˸ǿĶҲС
һҲͬȻһƵӰӣһ󾪼£ǿ߹ȻСԼ̤˷ڶؾ磬سɴոһѾԽԼĨɱˣһ˿ضС
ۣ
ȻһѪӰɢ¶һ˿Цһӵ˵ϣû֮ǰķɣ·һ˲䣬˼ʮһ㡣
ܸܲң㾿ôƿصռ䷨ģЩɳƣӰɢ˳ʵ
ֻǽҵһ㴫жѡʼ磬ҡȿ˵
УĪ۵ĴУ͸һ˿âӰɢ˷·ҵΨһĴ𰸣Ҳȷشûֻ۲ֶΣֻؼΨһƵߣΨһһһĴڣֶΡۣԭ۾ȻҲ˴УҰܵĲԩԩ
ӰɢˣһӣȴվûȥʲôֻƽĿӰɢˡ
ãӰɢŻˣ߰ɣԴ֮Ӱɢˡ
ۼ֤˻ԣ߽ɣԼϧӣǿӰɢжʱһ˿֮⣬ƺҲ᲻Ȥһ㡣
˶񣬷Ƕʱ¶һ˿Ц⣬ɢ
㣬͸һ˿âӰɢƽĿŷ
ֻǼɢһɢ֣Ľɢ˽ɢִѡҡЦӰɢ˵ǰ
Ӱɢ˿ɱ䣬ҪȡᣬȻҲӰɢˣִܴʱ棬ɢִԼҲȫûʲôϰ
˵ʲôӰɢһ˲䣬ֱҪԺˡ
Ȼ˼ɢ֣ѪǣȴԱȲɱ䣬ҲħһЩطϧΪħˣȻҪѧɢ֣ȴôҲ벻ġ
ɢһɢ춯أǽңѾɱȻĽǰߴͽ̡һۣɨѩһۣοͽҲڣҹ֮ͽƺҲûеõɢ˵Ĵаɣɢ˳ὫɢִڸͽΣ
˵ȻºһЩνڸѩһдǣȻԱţڸѩ봫ڸʵҲûʲôͬ
ֻܹӰɢһ̨ףܹ˳̨ѡ
һ˲䣬Ķŷ磬ӰɢĿ˸һʱȴҲЩòˡ
ɢ˲ú룬ɢˣǲ¶Ϣɢ˵ĳ˶У¡ɢֿɾҪʧˡǹһ˿аȵЦ⣬絭ڵ
̨׸ˣȻҲҪвһµģν˼
⣬Ӱɢжʱ΢΢һݡ
û֮£ƾӰҲаմϾϧӣħҲңӣҪסҲǲܵġ
ǣ粻ôֻ࣬Ҫ˵Ϣȥ͸©һ÷λȻѭġ֮Ӱɢ˿ûаܹͬǿˣϾοȫֵĻᶼѾõˡ
һ̣ӰɢЩˣóȻ֮׷ֽʣȫֵĻõȴЩﻢˡ
뵽⣬һ˸Ѿûնɱˡ
УǰˣȻס㣬ǣһ·浹ҲδرָӰɢˣĿڵ
ᵽӰɢ𣬶ԷǵõˡۣĴУһ˿ռ䷨ģҪԴ׷ȥƣҲ˵һܰѵˡ
Ȼ˵ŵĿܱȽϴ󣬵ȴȥġ
ãҿԴӦɢִѩѧѧûᣬҿɲ֤˷һᣬӰɢڻòˡ
Ȼ¶õЦݣҡ˵ֻҪǰɢ֣֤ʲô¶ûԲй¶ǰϢڸǰ
ͶұҲ漴ģ԰Ӱɢ˵


 ʮ ֲ츳
ɢְ˼ǣʽΪ裬ֻʵȴûʩչĿܣҲ޷⡣Ƴŷ磬Ӱɢڽ⣬Ҳδ˽
һӰɢ˵ݣȻ˵˿ڣǱ㲻мڷڡ
ߣӰɢҲšܹԵؽ׵ʵԼ˼ɢ֡
Ҫ֪νĴڣɲֻǿھ㱳¾У˼ɢӰɢ˱Ѫ඼֮һ̺ʽӰɢ̤۷֮Ŵ漰طγҷİ壬̯Ҳʲôܹġ
ӲҲУΪ˿ھ֮⣬Ӱɢ˵ʾľ裬Щ̺عĶ޷ֻܿ
νϣˡ
ʱ䣬Ӱɢտտ˼ɢִ꣬ѩ˵ܹ٣ǾȫǷΧ֮ˡ
ʵϣӰɢżֿЦ˼ϧӲǴĻǵҪѧ˼ɢôҽ̸㣬Ҳѧᣬ㻹кλ˵
üͷѾһѩʱоԼԴ챬ըˣһһʽ͸޾ӰɢѾ꾡ĽˣҲ޷еĵϡ
ĸоֱץ񣬾ͺǰһɽܹߵģȴֻ˫ץһСѡ
˼ʽѩͷ˺ˮӰɢ˵ѯʵ
Цһ£ѩǷ޶ֻۣʽ׵ģҲֻеһʽѡ
΢˵ͷӰɢǰʽΪǳԣһ£պΪܽʽ͸
ȻһӣʵϣӰɢ˶ѩѾǷǳˣ׵ʵܹô̵ʱһʽ֮ʽѾǴˡ
Ҫ֪һףһʽǲס˵ˡ
һ̣Ӱɢһ˿ͽ֮ĺúһѩ̳Լ²ˡ
ѩ̤ףɰ˼ɢ޳ɰɡ
ڡȻǺ޻ģ߿һ츳Եؽ׵ʵܹʽһʽҲѾǼˣʽȴҲ롣
Ȼ֪Ӱɢе뷨ʵϣʱ򷽴Ҳ͹˲ȥʲôˣһʶά־⣬ȫѾͶ˶˼ɢֵĸ֮С
ǰʽȻӣǶڷλͷ޲ѵǧ겻˵㲻ʲôⶼˣͱͷ̴ɽȥˣﻹʸȥ򷽴䡣
ʽȴͬ˵ǰʽмѭĻôʽȫһֶع򣬸ͲܹڵģӰɢѾǳԵķʽʾ˳ֻʵķ˵ҲϾ̫ˡ
ɲͬڽĴڣȻ⴫ڵѶȻ˼ɢ֮ϣǣ籾ϾڽŲǳ⣬οңԴķʽչֳ÷ġ
ӰɢȻôģңʵҲңǰᣬ硣
һڷ˵һּĿˡ
ɲͬɱĴУ̶ɱУӡԺҪԼһȥܣ͸ЩԼ޷Ӵع
ȥ˽СʱŻ̧ͷһӰɢ˵лɢˣ˼ɢֹȻǷʵЩѡ
ƲƲ죬Ӱɢ˲ΪȻļЩѣ˵߰˰ˣ
ɢ˵Цˡ΢΢ҡҡͷ粻ÿɷЦЦ漴ڵ֪ɢ˿ɷʽʾһ飿
⣬Ӱɢ˶ʱ΢΢һЩˣƺѾǰʽ˰ڻʽѵ뽫ʽҲһ²ɣ
뵽⣬Ӱɢ˶ʱЩмѵħûн̹̰ôʽͲʵܹģǿм䣬ֻңǿǵǰ漸ʽҲһ졣
⻰Ҳ٣ǿмĶվգ׻ټͼǿʽȻʲôô
ҲֻЦɢˣзִ硣
һӰɢûĿڵãһˣҿûʱһδεĲϸʾ
лɢˣЦһ£¶һ˿Ц⣬ڴӦ
֣
һ̽һǿȻ͸ӰɢҲͣԹԵĽеһЩϸ΢仯ٴʾһ飬һȴٴαá
ɭ󣡡
һƳɭĹȻ͸·ԩ걯һ㣬֮ټ˷ֱ治壬ͬʱ֮еãʵµһƣ˵Ƿʤ
˼ʱ䣬Ӱ̤ӰɢȻһʽҲͬʱ
ֻ죡
֮£ӰɢԼҲ޷Ĵһʽʾһѣ޷һʽչʾ
ȻһӰҲѾ͸һɴ裬ĳ
֣ӰɢҲ᷽磬תһЩѩҪˣʽ֮ǰܹģ࿴棡
˵⣬Ӱɢ˿еļ֮ȴȻԾٴ͸
ȻûӰɢ˷Ӧͫױ㲻ȻһȴǷѾԹԵԭʾ˼ɢ֡
΢΢۾һӵһʽʼͷĽһǼɢĴȻȻ裬Ȼȴ裡
һʽڶʽһֱʽȻû˿ѣ
⣬ӰɢеѾ޷ˣ˼ɢ֣ǰʽҲǵ֮Ŵģʽ֮ʱѾƾһЩ۷ĸֽˡ
ǣ⡰ҲŲǵؽ׶Ѱôô̵ʱ͸ǰʽ
츳˶ʼɰɲǿм䣬ȫ򰡣
ֱ˿̣Ӱɢ˲ףΪʲôڿźʽˣǰʽ˵ȷͼǿмһºʽʸˡ
ӰɢȴȻΪܼǵʽϾʽǰʽֱȫһˡ
ʵϣǰʽ֮󣬷ҲͬӰɢԤϵһͣ۾˼üͷƺʲô֮һ㡣
Ҳ̫츳ħϤĵ̣պ̤ףȻܹõħ洫ҡҡͷӰɢҲһ˿ϧ֮⣬԰ο
ֻǷȴȻͬûһ㣬
šü˼ӣѩȴͻȻоһ˿ϤϢ漴ЦҡҡͷͷԼƺǸ쵰أֻǣ֪⣬ܼ¼ʽ
ȻֻףȻѩȴһָоǷڣܹĳ̶ȾҪʲôϧӸǿĶࡣ
ûɣһֱ֮жڷһäĿ
Ͼӵһμ浽ڣʵ̫̫ˡ
Ȼһ̣ѩȴȻ֣ԭһֱáȻٴζһΣĺȻǺʽ֮еĵһʽ֣
һ˲䣬ѩӰɢ˲Щɵˣ
֣
ֻеؽ׵ϧӣȻĸ֣Ӱɢ֮˵֮²ĺʽ֮еִ˳ңû˿Ĵ󣬾裡


 ʮһ 
ɭ
һ絥ֻ־һɭĳȻǻʵ̶Ȼһ̺ԶԶ޷ӰɢȣǣһȴվĽɭһɢֵζˡ
ŽǸոտִʾϤһЩӣʵһЩ̲ͬնˡ
һ̣Ӱɢ˼ֱѾЩԼ۾ˣô룬޷ף̺عɢ֣ܹģֱ󰡣ûжعĸ򣬸޷ܹعǾҲѾ㹻ͻ˰
ϧˣһǣʵ̫£޷աҡҡͷЩϧĿڵȴ֪⻰Ӱɢ˵ĴֱԸˡ
˵һʽҲˣӰɢ˼ѵĴӿ³仰ԼоЩ˼
ѡʼ磬ҡͷһЩϸ΢仯޷£һʽʵ̫£Ϊٴͻ֮ǰûˡ

ЩľȻĿŷ磬Ӱɢ̾ϢһԳˣԵؽ׵ʵռ䷨ѾӴˣ˼ɢȻҲ㲻ʲôСˡ
粢δ𻰣ȻȴǳԼܹ֮ô࣬˿ֲ츳֮⣬һ֣ʵڶԼ̫İˡ
ʵܲʲôعȻֻҪԼľ뵽һֵ⾳֮УܹȻȻĽаɴˡ
еԵɣԼȻû˽͵ġ
ˣһ֮У˿棬׷۽ȥˣҲС˰֣Ӱɢ˽Ӱ̤˻ΪһģӰת֮ʧ֮䡣
߽ɴӰɢ˵Ȼ󣬵ȴҲԶûдﵽĻľ磬ȴǳױˡң⻹ΪŵؽʵĽֻ֪׵ʵֲ÷ˡ
Ӱɢ˲ûдѩͬУˣѰҰȫĵطˣȴǸŲκ˵ġжѩ˵ѾһЩøУҲͬеġ
Ӱɢ˵ıӰڽһ˿ɱ£ҡҡͷٴηŵѩϣˡ
һȣͻȻ֮䣬ѩͻȻڵ
֪ﻹкμ̣ͣ½Ų米ѩʵ
ҿ򡣡ҧ촽ѩյĿŷıӰ
һЦȴҲ֪ˣʣԼԲδ¶ʲôֻ֪ôǻᱻ
粢δѩȴԽĿ϶ҧ촽ƭ˼Һܺô
ʲô˼ôףعǹһ˿ЦЦı飬ҡȵ
㻹װߵǰѩ־ȥץļ
һɫıܿҡͷϴˣ»£ˡ
ͷϵӡǻڣһҿȻ˽
粻ѩǸӡǣΪҿ϶һҿһֽԼ᲻ɱѩڡ
̿͵磬ݲðأһݱ¶ֻһ;
ѩѾһ˿ͬȴվ޷ſĽᣬҲԸԼܵ
һһֽҿͱѡһǸŮһάִ̿͵¶
٣ڵû׼ˣҲҪά΢ƽ⡣
Ӱ΢΢һΣȻ̤ķѩǰȥδ£ֻƬԡ
һȥģɱ㣬Ҿһ㣡ķѩѩҧһֱеĻ˳
мһ˿գмʧ䣬ѩĬĬվԭأȴҲվû׷ȥ
ѩ죡

Ϲɱ⣬۽ҲˣλΪ̹ӣǹͷˡ͸һ˿⣬ƽλ඼ǾǸģһ۵ĿֲҶ˵ϹɱؿţƱػʳѰû˭ҪӰɣ
һ۲ڣȻһЩ˴УҲϹɱ˭˵ؿؿģǷˣ
˭˵һ۾һˣžƺ«ңͻȻЦһֻʧɲɣλѵ˭ǵʬ壿

⻰һȫʱһ䣬жðһɺ⡣
һ۵δͲҪʲôֻҪһѾԵ߸ˡ
Ȳ˵ϵ˭֮⣿
ңӣ⻰ʲô˼ôȥˣѵһ۵ôܻ
ӻҲ۱ЦһңӵļףȻڣǣͻأ
⻰һ˲һĿɿڴĿңӡ
ף֮ϣ
ôܣû˵˭ͻ׵ġ
һ˲䣬ʱִˣʾܡ
ЦһңҲԣһоƺ«ȻɳһƼ˲ϢأֱӴԽ˿ռ䣬һһ
ȻңȴٴЩˣȻҲҿ϶һǲǻţҿԺܸĸλ֮ϣȻ磡
£ңһ֮Ȼأת˲ʧ˵ߵС
һʱ䣬ȫʱһƬȻֱӱңһסˣ
ռ䷨򰡣Ŀռ䷨򣬴˵У۷Ҳ޷֮һ
һ˲䣬һ۵ӰʱٴϮ˵ͷǰǺεȵĿֲڻҲԲ׵ʵˣҲֻ˵Ĺȥˡ
ǡһ۵δôͼıʲô


ƽ԰֮У߷ż̳
һȥϹɱַУѾ䣬ǵҲûϢѵһҲģ
Ǵһ˿Ц⣬ң漴ҡͷСӾĺܣûôˣҿûϢõϢˡ
ġȻһЦҡͷ۽½Զ˵õ۽ģˣֻȴ˴һʧˣ֪öץ񰡡
ҵǺܺ棬С۽ᶼ룬Ϲɱ֮еʲôôҡҡͷңЦСӽ̫죬ԭЩԶɹٵϴֻǻͷ룬ǽ⣬ɱ䣬Զǳܹƿءһ·ƴɱҲ̫ġ
˵ѾͷķҵģǻСӻдһ˿Ϸ֮ɫңӺһھЦ
ȻˣΪСλΪΣ΢΢һ¶һ˿Ц⣬ʵ


 ʮ Ǵͻ飿
Ÿͷ䰴űžƺ«Ϲһ˿Ц⣬̤
ò˵ķ뵱ǸλѾ߲̤֮һƬɧȷ˵˷ر
ӣ
ڳ΢΢Ƿ򷽴ǹ
΢΢ף絹Ҳûʲôư֮ɫЦŹ˹֣㾶ԻתԼĸۡ
ңڲ粢ҲûȥңˣȴҲûҪȥӦУһ·Ͷ٣ҲѾЩˣֻȥú˯һ
ʵϣȵصԼеʱطϢ㼸ѾǱǺ𽿤ͬյϢ
һЩҲйעŷһһʱ򷽴ݣԶȵոҪԺյĶˡ

ӻأոյϢСѾͷ˷ܵĴ˺𽿤ӣߴߴ˵ͣ
ͻ£ôСѾͷһۣ𽿤Ϊҡͷ
Ҳ֪˭һĴ̽Ϣ跹˼ģ˼һˣȴְڳһ벻ӣءҲûˣСѾͷʱЦס𽿤ִȤ
ޣѾͷԼϲҪң˼һƣ𽿤϶ʱȾһϼҪȥСѾͷ
ûأС˵Լбûһ˼ôҲº𽿤СѾͷЦ𽿤ֳһţԲ䣬СĹˣأ
Ҳ˺졣СѾͷȤ𽿤ղʱȥץ
Цһա
С㣬ȥô룬СѾͷʵ
ҪȥҲǣƾʲôҪȥֵСѾͷԴ𽿤ѵ
˵֮䣬ȴǶʱ
ʲô£üͷ𽿤ЩɻʵȻƽն¼ãǣȴҲ֪ӣûҪ飬ǲġ
ؿϴּ뿤

ͬһʱ䣬ĸϣҲͬʱʹ߸ϵƵ÷粻òĴ
ӣּ̽
ʱ΢΢һĪĿּʹߡ
ʱ򣬱ǲԼģйϹɱʣҲõԼŶԡ
ƺ˷ɻʹЦŲһӲɻ󣬾ҲڹС
⻰һҲȻˣңӼȻڣԼŪȥҲ㲻ʲôֵˡ֪ңڣԼҲȻҪȥģڼҵң
Ժԡ¡
ʵϣҲò˶õʱ䣬Ҵϴһ壬һɾ·̤

ϣʦһǷ繪
׼ݣңλʦû·ȻҲ̫ڣ򵥵ļҲˡ
СӣصҲ֪ȵһˣȥ㲻ɣЦһ䣬ңҡͷ
ʵǲ֪ʦͷֻٴι͵
Ŷ˼ʦڣݼǲ٣㲻ʸһˣǴһ˿Ц⣬Ų廰
һ仰ȴǶʱҭķ˵⻰ȴ˵
ˣҲؾ˵˵ɣһ·ʲô۽ҲûðͷЦЦĿŷ磬ʵ
һθƣ粻һףʸӵ۽Цһ£ȴûʵʵľڷܵ
ɲӡȻһЦ漴ҿ˵·Ͼͳնɱ˵ؽǿߣӴɱ˲׸֣
ȽϺöѡ˸ͷش
ʲôջ񣿡ң̲סѯʵ
ңӷʣûٺشҲûʲôֻǶɹ־ᶨ˲٣⣬õһɱɱڶʽĴжѡ
⻰ҲʵϣһϹɱ֮УڷĿ£ҲûнӴ̫ĴУڴӰɢѧİ˼ɢ֣ϧӵݵõģȻǲ˵ġ
˵⣬ͻȻʲôħƵģϱһöϹݸңӵˣʦǲʥҲҴϹɱ֮еõģʦ¡
ңӣҲû̫ģʥȻԼѾԵһöٶҲֻ˷ѶѣȻС
ǲϻ֮УԵĲʥң뱱ĶҲΪ֮ɫ䡣
ʥֵԹ
ô£ϸϸ˵üͷһң漴׷ʵ
ҲûʲôģһЩ˵ģֱ˼䣬㽫ʱ˵һ飬ȻϸȻһЩĶġ
ʱˣҲˣǲõĻᱻҴô˵û⡣
֣һͽܰ귽ĽͣЦҡҡͷЩĽĿڵ
ҲЦҡҡͷңָĿڵֻֽʥ£ŵһߡ
ڵ۽֪٣Ƭ̣ڻǿʵ
ᵽЩԥ΢˼һ£ųڵϣʦһɡۻţ
⻰һңӲɫ䣬Ķס˷磬ȥ
һôʣŴ½۽֮ʱһ£ԼϮɱϧһΣһԴֻǽ۲ڵ۽֮еһ£ȻյĽҲ΢һ£ɲԼ۵ĴУǻδɴб㱻ͻȻ߳˻þ
ֻǼˣȴҲѾԼһЩƲò˵˳һɢڵ۽֮У˵̫翣Եӿͼδɲǡ
Ŀ䵽ңӣ¶һ˿֮ɫЦ֣һ¶ˡ
ۿܲδɣϢ̫ǿˣЩز
ˣ˵ЩЩΪʱ̫磬һϳ棬ѾԼĸϵܹǻи˵ġ˰֣ңӴ⣬ͬһɽһѹϣЩȴǲġ
Сӣû̫ʧ
ֹǲʧ֣ѾȻˡЦŸƣ漴ת򷽴磬ڵҲЩСӣ㣬Σ
⻰ʱĿɿڴһʱ䣬Щתˡ
ǡͻ飿
ЦĽʥƵǰңӵǰ⣬ТΪʦףⲻʥΪʦҪԣΪӭȢ𽿤ļױΣ
ʱпͻףңӶЧҲ̫أҪ˻ᣬٳɷĺ£ȴ֪ľٶƺѾЩҵԧ֮ˡ
һ̣ЦеıңӣжʱһƬң֪ˡ


 ʮ Ϊͻ飬ʵΪй£
ž
ͻȻжҲͬʱֲִľ˳
𽣬Ѿͷںʲôʹ󷽷ĳǴһ˿Ц⣬漴ڵ
ңӵʵôܲں͵ֻ⣬˵Ҳˡ
ֻҪҪȲ衣ߺķ·ҪγѪ𽿤޴ĴСԴ͵ͬһ㣬ҡȥˡ
˵Ż𽿤ߺ˳ȥŮңϲ磬ȴҲûԼĻµģء
ȻˣͰ¶ΣתңӣЦ
һȡüͷ΢΢һվ̲סϵϣʦһʵݲ¶Ů˽顭
ʲôȷѻ˵꣬ЦŻֵŮ˽ûʲôϵҲû˵ĸǿߣΪͲɻġ
绹˵ȴֱңӴϡ
ҽЩϼһû˭ܶ̾Ϣһң漴ϼһ˼Ҳ׼֣ѾͷȻм⣬Ǳ°ɣһպʲô⣬ѾͷҲи
⻰һɤ۵Ļȷʵҭ˻ȥһЦ
һ۰ıһŮи㣬ܰġ˵ͷȴҲΣɫ
Ϲɱ⣬ʱпսڼȻĴ׶༪١ŷ磬ңӽ͵С˼ɣʵ֮ͬУҲ㲻ϵǲòĵģú㣬Ҳȫϵϼһһꡣ
һ£ңӼ˵ңһΣҲΪͻ飬ʵΪй¡ˣ㻹Ҫô
΢΢һȴǶʱЦ˵زܾĻλ˵ĳڡ
ϸϸ˼ԼȷǷ˺𽿤飬׿鰮ᣬݶ飬Լ㵱ǡ
Եչ˿΢΢ǷڻǹӦ
ڴ̿˵ν鰮ȻˣȢ˺𽿤Ҳûʲô޷ǾǸԼϵһЩɫʣҲ㲻ʲô
ãȻˣô±˶ˡƴЦ϶ʱ¶һ˿֮⡣
ˣһ֮󣬱գ㽫ڶ¶ʮգΪΣ
ƫ£ȥգϵֻҪоƱǡʲôյģңȫģ˼ղײգͳɻźá
Цһ£Լʵûʲô廰أȻˣˡ
˰֣Ҳⷽģңӱžƺ«۾бһµġ
֣ʱ꣬Ҫлһս˰и˷磬жʱκ͸һ˿âЦ
ˣϵҵ뿴νһۣкεȾֶΡһɰ⣬ңӵȻڡ

̾ϢһȴǲٴһǸŮӣǸԼŮˡ
ɻôԴˣвЩģ
ʱԼǺεȵڴûΪ˲ϧΥͷԸһ¶Լݡ
ǣȴһƭһƣ̥еĻ
磬ԼվҪӭһô
ֻһΣԼѾǷڴҲû˰Լ˵Ļ޷ǾһţһѾû˵ˡ
ȻһЦ̤߻¥ȥ
ֻȴһȥƣУһ˵ƣ̿עǹ¶İɣ
ų¶ǣȴòϣĹ¶˾ƣߡ

⣬С
ϣˮã˼ȻƮԶ
˾˵ϺãֻϽϡˮ죬ߡ£˪ѩδĪ磬ϳ
ٱã̲סһŨŨ˼֮Ȼͷ㻹ô
Ӻôʡ΢΢һˮ֪̾ӵļģԹݣ½˰ɣβȥ
½ô¶һ˿Ц⣬΢΢ҡͷȻϧزȥˣԺʮٱҲزȥˡ
ˮûʣֻĬĬΪƣ·һеĻ˸ж˾

ͬʱͻȻһ֮ƮС
ʲôϽ𽿤˷緽ӣ
ļٵģǿǺ𽿤Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ʲôģſ˭ܱȵϷӵģû˵ôһϹɱ֮Уض飬˵ʵǴò˶ã̤ؽء
꣬С㣬˵ƺҲ߻¥ء
ţɣŸոմͻ飬͵߻¥֪
ޣ㶮ʲô֮£µĽǳɻˣ˼ҷ棬Ҳû˸˵ʲôΪô
ǣǣҿ˼ҷ顣
˵ӻ᲻ǿˮˣԷӵݣǵҪ߻¥ˣҲøӰɣ
ҵۣǲһ˿Ц⣬΢΢ҡҡͷȴҲȥᡣ
ԼֻҪȾˣô˼
ӣҪͺ𽿤ɻˣ⣬ˮڻ̲ס˳
Ҳˣ¡ͷشϿϲ
ϲӡ
΢΢ҡͷɹȻлˡ
ˮûٶ˵ֻȴ˼į¼ţ±ٴε
˿֮΢΢۾þ
¶һ˿Ц⣬תˮҪ뿪ô
ͻȻ⻰ˮжʱ¶һ˿ϲɫԸˮô
仰ˣӷһε߻¥֮ʱбΣȴһֱûܵȵŷսˮȴоԼ뷽ľ룬ԽԽԶ·ҲץԷһƬ½ǡ
ȻѾҪʱȴͻȻȵ仰
ֻǴ뿪΢΢ҡͷϴһ˿Ц⣬º͵ٴοڵ
ˮκֻ֣ҪԸˮ뿪ΪūΪ澣ˮԸ⡣Ȼ˵ղȻӽ߻¥һ쿪ʼŮݱͬӡϣ޷Ĩȥܹ幫ΪȻõĽ֡
΢΢ҡͷȻҲҪΪūΪ澣ֻǴ뿪ıˣ
һ£漴ҸܵĵĹ¶ＴٷٶƼȣٹˣ˵Ҳֻһ
޷ıԼĹ¶ȴԴϵɣ㲻ٳܹ¶Ϊû˱Ҹ¶ζ


 ʮ ңɣ
ӡ̧ͷŷ뿪ӣˮи֮һʱ侹Ȼ֪Ӧ˵ʲôá
£ҡ¶һ˿º֮ɫˮ΢С֣ȥ
ϣӣôô磿ôˮһ᣿
ԷݣȻҪչ˶߸ճЦӭ
ҪˮߡϿ˿ϲŭƽĿڣ·һѰһ㣬Ȼأȴɡ
һ˲䣬ֹӭ˵֮ˣΧҲʱͬʱ߻¥һֱǸգôû˭߻¥ˣҲû˭ƻ߻¥Ĺء
˸ֻͱҹȥˣֻЦĸĺӵҲ⡣
ǣƫƫ˵⻰Ƿ磬Ǹųһһˣ֮նɱؽǿߣֱңΪӡǽ𽿤Ĵڣȷʸߡ
ӦҲ֪߻¥Ĺ򣬺οΪЩˡЦ򷽴ҾΪѵĽĿתˮˮЩ߻¥ô
粢ûˮȻһѣԼֵûУôȻһᡣ
߻¥֮УˮȻҲ߻¥ǺεȿֲǵƵķòôȻк³ʱֻά˵Ҳǲˡ
ò˵ˮ˵Ҳһο飬֮вûĬ˰ӣͷ߻¥˵һ˿ȻٺãҲվҪɳȥġ
ɫȻһ䣬ˮô
΢΢ǷˮԼ͸ᣬɣ㱻ײͷѪҲڡˮѵһֻô
һɣ⣬ʱƣ̾ģңɣ
Ŀ⻺䵽ϣ絭ڵڣҿԴˮô

Ҳ˵ķӦˮȥ
ϲˮСĿˮ㹫һҹΣۼҪߣ亹ʱˡ
⻰ʵѾЩԽˣĵλʵûʸ־ֻǿǵ罫ˮߵӰ죬Ųòò
Ҫˮߣ޷Ǿǿˮɫܹ÷õˮ˵˽ᡣ
㣬ûʸ̸ȻһЦ絭ҡͷԼƽն˵̬ƺ̫˵㣬˭ҸԼּۻˡ
£Ƿ绰µͬʱһɴŮ˴ӲԶİ֮߳Ը
չŮ˵ʱ¡
Ȼûд𻰣ֻǴһ˿Ц⣬ͣ˽Ų
СռӡһǷչŮԴͻ飬𽿤飬Ҫϲء
ʲôЦЦĿչ絭ʵ
СղңֻǹӴڼȴֳô󶯾ӲҪһ¥Ůˣ𽿤УֻҲ̫ðɣЦҡͷչƺõʵֻȴִ̣ԡ
£ѵҪʾüͷ΢΢һɭȻڵ
Сղң΢΢һͣչ룬ڻڵһŮԭ޹ؽҪ߻¥ĹزƣҪˮһЩʱΣӴ֮Сһˮԭϡ
ڡԭ⣡ϼһкȻԶ
ʵѾòˣչ˵һˮ޹ؽҪһˮȻܿͻŮϺƵλãǣ߻¥Ĺأɾʹ߻¥ӵˡܿʱΣһɽˮӺƵλ͸Ҳ㲻ʲô
һ̣ˮҲΪѾõĽˡ
˵أ۾ûգһ£絭ʵ
һΣչҲΪ֮Żشݸ߹Ҳ֪һѣһ·ΪһŮԼһˣ£Ϸȡ
ʵϣ⻰Ҳ֮һֱûаˮΪԸ߻¥ˡֱܹ鷳
ȴǲͬ
سɴİѾаӦν
ңͻ飬˷ǸңǡôˮϸܵԼƵĹ¶СŶһѡ
֮ˮ̬ȸ÷Ϊ֮ͣڷ˵
̿£ǷǶԴһģǴӦˣ㵱ȫԸİ쵽Ƕһ΢СҲһڷĴ֮̿
ָˮУֻһ΢¥Ůӣͬһ㣬ȻУȴһˣһѪ⣬ϲŭˣһҸŮ
粢ʥͣ޷ı磬ȴԸıˡ͸һĨţҴӦɣһ˭ϧһս
⻰һȫһƬȻ֮ǰſ̬ӵܣҲ΢΢һԾΪķ۷
ˮ棬Ǹж߻¥ʼûһ˽˿ЩӵܵУɫûһƵ·˵һ㣬ֻȽϸ߼Ķѡ
ֻз磬ӵһۿ𣬱û˿һƽȵ۹⿴ΪһҪɵͷΪٳܹ¶ĥϧ߻¥ˣΪϧһս
ˣΪ֮ж
ְ΢΢һ˿⣬ҽձҪߣӣǲɶҳ֣Կܴܲ߳ȥ
µ˲䣬ٲˣˮ֣ȥ
ﵽмʮ׵ľ룬ߵҲ죬Ȼȴûһ˸ûٸҶ˵һ仰
оĵ߻¥У˿λؽϵǿȻֱˮ߳ţҲû˭
뿪߻¥ˮ·ʧȥһڵ
һ죬֪˶꣬ÿһ춼лţԼһ߳߻¥ֱ˿̣һвڳ档
лӴˮԸ׷湫ӣΪūΪ澣޻ڣ
ڵŷͷˮڵ
ɡһһɵˮӵ𣬷¶һ˿į֮ɫ΢΢ҡͷȥɣ˵ҪɣҸ㣡
ӣ
ῴߵǸңǴһӷɵһӣûʲô˵ҪɣǸɣлңͺúõȥȥ׷ѰҪɣֹ¶ζ
߰ɣȥ𽿤ǣ뿪һûʶĵطúҲû˭ǸȥΪ㡣
һŮ˶߻¥˵أӱ߻¥ʼѾѿУ߻¥˲ҲֻὫŭͷϣȥѰˮ鷳
ߣһЩɫ죬תȥΪˮѣֻҪ˺𽿤շǱһжˡ
οôһҲҪ𽿤һͲǣûʲôˮԹȥõĽˡ
ҡҡͷԳЦЦһ㣬ʧҹɫ֮С


 ʮ ٵϢ
߻¥ԼоΪͻ飬һЩ죬ƺҲɢ߰˰ˡ
ľڲԾֳһЩ
ɽӣصıľУһйĻÿһľüĺô
žȳˮ飬Ȼ˵ľȴҲ־Խļᶨ˼֣Ծ䣬֮ǰѾЩͣٴɶ
ûкκ˴кصϱֱӿʼ˱չأ߶תٴοʼ

ӵ壬Ȼϧ߻¥ˣҲҪŮ°ͣСѾͷգ۾˵
ߣ˭֪ǲǴűʲô⡣ȻѾȻϺ𽿤ȴȻϳϣǿǰЩӣ˵߻¥˭֪ǲǸǸˮйϵȴȻƭҡ
Цıס𽿤ĸ첲СѾͷС㣬⻰ԲŶҲ֪˭ˮ飬жһͿ˼ĵҹأôھͲˡ
СѾͷҴ˼𽿤ʱЩգȴôԼȥˣȴȤҡ
ûأЦŶ㿪СѾͷ˸ֻһССѾߣɲС㣬Դͻء
ޣҲ˺Ѿͷ졣

չأСӸʲôĺһңӺһھ˵ҿСװչصİɡ
ȻЦЦ漴ҡͷͱŷǺͽܱɣҲʲô¡СӵҲûֳʲôݵ飬ǲһ
˵߻¥˵˭ЩĿңʵ
ЩƵûйעȴԲùĶĿ
ҲʶҷǳϤЦһ£ҡͷ֪߻¥Ϊζ
΢΢һң򣬡ˣ
Ƿ衣ȻһЦЦҲ֪λһִģЩ˼ͼ졣Ҳģʶ˰飬߻¥ǰϢľݵ֮һ
⻰÷ʱñĿɿڴ⣬ֱ͸νĽô
ȻôλѾЩСֶˣϾҲһЩݵģ߻¥ǡ֮һν߻¥ˣϸʵǱˡ
ӵĻˮмƲƲ죬ңûץƺֹһڣȴǲ⻰ˡ
ԭңӿѾˣ߻¥˲ʶ̧ѰʱֱȥɵĴġ
£˵֮䣬
ɡЦҡҡͷڷԸ
ת֮䣬˴Ƿû˿ķϻֱӿڵϣõϢõ۽Ǹƺֻܵ۽ϢӰ죬ҵںδ
⣬ңڷеľƺ«ͬĿ䵽˷ϡ
۽Ϣɿôüͷ΢΢һʵ
ֻһ˲㱻۽ϢûܸϣϢӦдû˿ԥ˵ķǳ϶
٣ҲͬǱµǿս֮һȻԲдˡ
ʱŵ۽ʲô΢һʱ䣬ȴҲò׼ˡ˵Ը߽ɵʵȻõ˵۽ӦҸطȾʵŶԡ
򣬼Ǵŵ۽ҲԵסǿߵᣬղΪ¶ѣܹõ۽ˣӦô޴ǡ
̽Ըȥһˣ춯ɲرңֱӲȡҪж
û˿ˮ˵ͷʱ뿪˴
۽Ǹɽ󰡡˼İžƺ«ңڵ
۽ǳ֮УֻҪѰ۵彣̫˷ˣĪСг𣬹ҵİɣ
ߣһмĿڵν۽ֻϲǵ۽ϣҲһѽѣΪ壿е˸Ҳ
Сӣ鶼ðЦҡҡͷңεżƣֵñϼһﵱǹʹˡ
ϵ磬ңȻ޷⣬˵Ҳɹͷˡ
ֻǱңӣ벻һδ飬ȴǱиҪҵĶࡣ

飡
ߵĳȻʣӻΪһ磬·裬ݺᣬȴƫƫеһСƬռ֮ڣδʲôֲ׵
һ絥һȻ뽣֮Уŵ۾Ȼвһϲ
ÿµϢоѵ٣һ֣ϵϢȥ
µĿޣڵڴﵽһޣҲһؿԼһָоֻҪٽһԼǿܹͿշˡ
ͬʱڽͷųʱԼܹоһɿµϢϮ·ʱ¡
Գ㷴Ӧ˹µϢرˡ
ŵ㻯ΪĹؼ飬ֻҪɹ٣ʵɳɱٵĴ֮Ҳ˳ؽף
ǣʧˣǱ֮£³
緽磬Ҳ٣Ϣ̾磬ƽָܹ״̬Ѱʵʱɽ١
ң˵Ȼ̤ͬؽףÿȴδͬһ˵ʵԽǿٱԽǿ˭ܹɶȹٵ顣
ң˿룬ʱ֮˵٣֮һɱ
ԣǿң뱱Ҳ޷ڶɽ֮ʱκæһжֻԼ
Щ飬֮ǰѾ˽ĺˣҲδʲôη壬Է˵ν٣ʵһ컯ֻҪӦԵõΪԼȡ档
ͷĻ˵б֮£ûһη֮ģԶ޷̤ǿ֮ɴʵʵͨ˵ˡ
Ȼͷδ٣ʵϣһǵʵҲٵıߡ
ֻȴҲЩɻһǷҲй٣
ɽµһ֣̺źεңͷ˵ķɽʢ֮ʱǿƣʱЩȱʵ¾ԲֹؽװɣôʱҲҪأ
ЩͷûȻ֪
ֻǣ뵽ͷбһĥĸоڻҲòסͷʲôʵҿ϶ͷǲǶɹ١
ҡҡͷЩ߰ͷϳȥʱȥԡ¡
Ҳʱȥңˣ֮һʻῴν٣ʲô


 ʮ ֣
ϱһӣ경Щص߽¥ЩɳƣңһϷһơ
ϣλүţС͸׼һλ£Сӣȥ׼ȴҲû̫¡
ϲûʲôϢ˲ҲͲǸͨӣڱ𴦻ʵʵ㲻ʲô
ָḧĳ֮ϣü֮һ˿ʹ֮ɫ漴ɢ
а¾Ƿ緽Ӵ֮ʱˣ˵һεж֣
ǱȻģ񶼻棬ĸҲӣ˵ˣ籾ǱǿߣЩ̤꣬׾ǰ϶°
˵˭Ҫ飿⣬̧ͷԱӵļɳʵ
˭ȻǷ緽ӰƱһһ˰мĺһ˲͵Ľһ䡣
겢ûٶʣĬĬĵͷȾƣֻ˼ȴԽƮԽԶ
ѾʵȻֻҪ뵽Ǿ޵ϮɱȻһ̾
ûʶֵˣ޷Ƿݾ𺳡
Һȱô
ʧ֮䣬ĶͻȻһЦ
㣿
΢΢̧ͷͫȻһųԼǰŮİϡ
ǰѽ˼ҿǺµĽĶŮæڵܲռ棬ɱ˼Ұɣ
΢ԥһ£ڻ˾Ʊʲô
˼ʲôûʲôϵҲʲôҲʵ̫ɣգ۾ŮЦԱΪĿڵ
ΪʲôҪңüͷ΢ɫֵһƸԼʵ
ܼ򵥣һСæ

̤ؽ֮ʱٲ̫Σա֮УңڵȻҲԣСʱ⣬ɱȾѧʵԶͨ׿ɱȣ˵бʣ˵Ӧò̫ţĹ̾磬ӦòѶɹ
ڷܹô̤۷ܵٵϢңӻǷǳģԼһп
СӣסˣҪʵ̫죬Խʵ֮ʱܹõĺôԽࡣӦҲоˣؽ֮ϣͬȽףʵĲҲԶкܴԭ١
лʦѡЦͷȴǲһů
ˣڲҪ̫࣬ϾҪˣģˡЦķļңЩп̾Ϣ߰ɣѾͷǲ˼ģϵҺȾȥ

ʱţת֮䣬ĸȻһ£ϲա
ֺǺǵңڴףŷ𽿤һϲ߽ο֮⡣
ԼϧŮҪˣΪһ̣Ҳһͨĸ׶ѡ
粢޸ĸڣңʦȻö֮ĸá
ܹվڴ֮йıͣҲżߵλһϲ죬˽Цϡ
һأ
˾һ࣬
磬ЩҲȻûб仯翴һ۱ͷŵĺ𽣬ȴǲһĬȻźһȥ
ݸã
˾ǵٴ𣬷𽵱תңӣٴΰݵһλûȵȥȻ洫һڶݴ
һȴǶʱڳ˶һ׷⿴ȥЦǱңӶ棬˭ͣ
ת֮䣬һӰŮӣ̤˴һϮɫȹͷɢԺǴһ˿΢ЦȻ˴
˭
һ˲䣬Ⱥ֮жʱһƬȻҲ룬˿ȴҲŮӵӰò۷
ƽգ𽿤ȻҲƯŮֻŮӣȴһĳĿѣ֮УŮƺͲӦ˼еġ
ʲôˣһ˲䣬Ȼ͸һĨɭȻɱ׵ȻŮѹȥ
ŮȴǲȥֻǾĿŷ磬¶һ˿֮ɫϲӽմ飬һƺȣɳô
һ˲䣬ȴȻһ·һһ㣬һʱ䣬ȴǲ֪λشˡ
֣ϲƿ˰áɱĮȻڡ
ô¶һ˿ɫŮڵұֵأ
ĬƬ̣ڻתŮӣҲʶȻˣһưɣֻĪҪٺˡ
ֻǺһôŷ磬ŮüͷȻǣ˼ҲԸأ
⻰һڣΧ֮ȴǲɫ䣬ɲĿŮ뷽磬ȴҲѾ˼֡
õʦӰɢˣҲûڱǰʲôҲ۵ͷϡһ˲䣬ɫʱЦ
ѩȻû뿪壬ʲôҵģ˿ûѱвϣѩǰһǽ
ȥˣûô˼ɣ˵ͬʱһĳżףȻǺεʵǸһҲѾɱǿˡ
ͬʱѩҲͬĳһƣֱӭȥ
ɢֵһʽ
˲䣬˳ЩӣѩȴѾһʽˣԷ裬һֱȫԸֱӽһɢִ˳
䣡
ɿֲȻײһһ֮䣬ѩȻ˳Ҳһ˿ѪȻһȴվǽˡ
ã
һ˿֮ɫٴ̤һһƸ䡣
Ǹһ±ѩסһηȴҲд䣬ȴǴҪһѩɱˡ
ȻѩʵҲмͣǴ˿ȴǱ谮Ů𽿤Ļ֮ϣԷӣȻݲκ֡
飡
оϵɱ⣬ʱɫһ䣬ʶĺһһѩ
ÿǿҲûзֵֺ˼һٶȸ˼֣ѩͷȥ
һȻԵȻǰֻǼˣȴվ̫ˡ˲Ϣ֮䣬ȻӣƸ£ѩ˿ܵĻᡣ
Σ֮䣬ٹ˲֣־ȻȻһӰһֽѩ˻С
ϾǵģȻ绤ѩȴվ֪ݲͬɱ֣ۼѩ绤סһƵ˲ջ߳ɡ
ˣһ£ҲȻֱѩһѪĵ˷Ļ
ûйϵƣͷһ۷˼ûУѩץסĸ첲΢Ц㣬վ᲻ÿ˼ģǲǣ


 ʮ 

ѩڻУܵû˿٣׿ϡһ̣ʯĳ緽磬Ҳ΢΢һ
ֺαˡ̾ϢһҴڼվʲôġ
ƯôڷϣѩϵЦݲ绨

ŷѩһ֮ҾѾ֪Ҫɻˣԥ˺ܾãվǷŲ¡˼ء
ŮҪˣҲҹĵطȥ򣬱ѩ˵ԽԽף̲סٴκǳ
Ů˼ұŮأƿ磬ѩЦĿŮŮһҲֻһֵùҾҪ
֮İѹ˵ֱ׳ȴǶʱѷİ˵ϻ
ʵϣҲֹǷ裬ڳˣҲѩ뾭ѵĻĿɿڴĳ䣬˼ԼԼŮڹˣ㻹ʲô˵
磬ǷøһȻɫʱļΪѿһ֣彣Ȼ䵽˷£֮ⲻԶ
𽿤ĸͷҲѾҿҧ촽򷽴磬ֻʼȴȻδһԡ
µһ㣬ѩὫϵ彣𣬵ݸ磬Ȼ˼Ҿûд뿪ֻ˼ҲҪЩУҪҲҪУĻ
һ̣ƺѾȫЦᵽѩɫҲûзֺı䡣
˵ĻѾ˵ˣڿˡƽĿѩ绺ڵҿԱ֤뿪κ˺㡣
΢΢ҡͷѩЦҲߣ˵ɱ㣬Ҫһ²˺ɱ㣬ҲŮ˳ɻ顭ȻˣǱˣҲ˶ϡ
̧ͷѩԼڱԭ֮⣬Լαװϧӱѩ֮ʱѩ֮УǼӡĵ׵
ǵԼһ߳ʱ龰ǵڲ£вȴȻ¶ԼǷġ
ǵкˮԼļͷҧµǸӡǡ
һ˲䣬ԭģһ˿ڽĺۼѩȴȻˡ
̿ͣиô
Լٰһô
裬նŮǡۼԥ費͵ĺһָȻһ㣬һɽƾնһָ£ٴѩ
һ˲䣬ڷ˵ȴ·һͰһ̣뵽̫Ķ
ȻȴܿƵ΢΢һ࣬ѩǰ
ۣ
͸һηȴȫûֵ˼Դӷѩϴֻڷ֮£δ˼Ҫ
ңӵüͷ΢΢ȴվδ˵ֻǳĬĿŷ磬ƺڵŷյѡ
ȣ
ӷҶϴѩʱҵĿдѪȴȻ΢Ц峺ŷ磬ᰴڷͬ˵ļ֮ϣƵ·ӡȴޱȵİ֪ģϲҵĶԲԣӦңӡǣһҲҵ㡣
ֵôǿɬڣδ˵˼·Ѿֻʣѩˡ
Ϊһаһеķ޿ĥӡǣ֪ԭһ˵ĸоԭ˵ã˵ʹࡣڷĻѩ񾲵Ŀŷ磬¶һ˿Ц⣬˵ǲǺɵ
ǰһûмɵء¶һ˿֮ɫڵ
ޣɵ˼ҿŮҪҲҪԶסң¶һ˿쳱ȻֿһѪѩż˵ˣҲҪùأŲĴ飬㿴ܻǲǣǾҲûã˼ŮأŮпҸԼ¶ϵġ
ֲѩҵĳԵңҲ˼ģҲʱɣҲһ죬Ż֣ᷢҵģȻ㣬㻹Ըһȥô
ΪʲôԸ⣿˼ҺòײϲһˣŲҪźѩŷ磬·ѾһУЦŻش
ڵ˲䣬ʵоѾ˾
ӵһ֮󣬷ʹûϻܹԼŮ˳֣Ȼһ̣ѩǿɫФٹ⣬ڱ顣
ҰҺޣ޻ڣŮŮôҲԸΪŮٸһθ顣
ڱƱɱô͸һĨâϵȻ˲Ϣ֮γһɿֲķ籩ǿѹ֮£һ˲䣬ʱѹѹĹһƬˡ
ŭһ̣ŵǱ缤ŭˣ֮գȻһŮ˵˵Ļˣںεأںεأ
ſѩ̾ϢǷܺ𽿤϶ݣΪԭΪһҲΪ˭ˡֻǣ֮£ȴչ޷ǿġ
ǷԼҲòϣʵЩ̫ˡ
ֻǵȴȫȻû뵽ԼĻᱻߵᵽµʱȻ뵽һЩĻûнƴǣȴվȺ󻼡
վʥͰ侲緽Ҳһͷ˵̿ͱͲӦиһ˸飬ϲĻ
һ£¶һ˿ᶨ֮ɫڵģӦ飬ڣպֻҪصÿȫ
һ̣Ȼ𣬵ӦԼĻ
Եչ˿
ûͻ֮ʱӦıֻһ仰
һ˲䣬ŭЦãԭűô٣̴ֻƺ̫˰ɣΪջܻ߳ȥ
СӣǸΪʦ˸鷳ŭңվһקľƺ«һ֮䣬Ȼ˷뱱֮䣬Ц
ңӵľٶȴǶʱñüͷһ𣬡֣Ҫң
Цʼ磬ң̾ϢСӲԣǣϵһȴֻһӣܲɱȻдʦģ˵Ҳðһˡ
ʦȻӿһůʱжǵֵزңѡģȻҲȻԼӲĸ飬÷粻ж
ĪҪ裬̸ҹ˽գΪʦԻˣһңûĺǳ
ãһӵϵĵѵ豾Ůɣ͸һ˿âɭȻڵҵҪҪɱǷܹס
һ֮£һ˲䣬Ȼ̤ϣֻҪһ仰ܺԥָɱ磡
ϵ£ΨһܹЧҵˣǱ˵ɱ磬ֻҪңӶ֣Ҳ˿ԥ
һ̣ңҲЩɫ䣬ʵȻܱȱǿڱǣ֮£ȴҲȥס硣
Ҫ֪Ҳʲôͨװ
ңһ˲䣬ȫʱҳһţȴ˭û뵽ġ
ô忿ڷϣѩͻȻʵ
ȻһЦǣסѩ֡
ӳ˵ִ֣֮ϣ


 ʮ ۽߾
ɱһ
ϣòʱ˭Ѿû·ˡ
ҪŹӡ
˭û뵽ʱվ˾ȻǺ𽿤𽿤ڱǰ˫ͨˮ˳ջʱܲΪ֮ݣһ˲䣬ңŽ֣Ҳ΢΢һĿЦ
𽣬㣬֪˵ʲôбһ˿âֱҪըˣָ𽣬ŭ⡣
ڵϣˮ䣬𽿤һͷ˵лԺϧֻ緽˵֮²ǿȻӦͻҲ޹Ů֮飬ֻԴ˱֪֮ĻˣҲδرá
涣Ȼһ̣ȴԶκʱΪƽһֵֿȴ׶ģĺʹļȥ
ϸָţָԼƣһ˿Ѫɫ
Ǹûһ̣úԼѰٴߵף𽿤ȻңȴҲܸı⡣߰ɡԸ游ңһޡ
һޣ
򵥵ĸȴ̺źεȵľȻʹ࣡
ѩ֮󣬷˱ģʱٴα򶯣һĪĸжʱ֮䣬ѹֵĴ
粢±ŭսһҲԶû򵥵һ仰𺳸ܴʹ顣
ĸ飬飬һֱڼ飬ܹ侲Įķʽ飬ٸΣյ֮£ҲƳʺϵĴ
Ȼһ̣ȴһ飬֪δˡ
ͷ˵ðɣͷû˵Ҫôġ
䣡
һ֮䣬ݶȻ򴩣һƬǽ壬ۿңӣЦյĺõӣ
뱱ཻ꣬ңҲûôʱ򣬺ȻŮȴҲǴСģûиҲǳ񿴵ӣҲһʹ޲һǷǵĻСӲźá
ıеѩŮֻ뷽ѩȴҲվ̣ʲô°
裬СӵȣϵһΪ£ʹա
һ䣬תȥź𽿤뷽˵
ű˼˷Ϊɴʵʵɢ壬ҲˡŮǿڿ˵ϲôȵСӱͨˣܲСߡ
ǸʱҪ쵰С˭ϲȥɡ
죬ңȴվûһ˿â䵽˷΢΢ͷ
ˣ
ڷ׼֮ʱͻȻ֮һɿֲĽȻ汬תֱ͸񷣡
۽
һ˲䣬˲ͬʱɫ䣬Ȼȥ
ҴӦˣôڿУ߽ɱϸŽ˫ֳֵ۽֣¡
ôĵӣ͸һĨɭȻɱһ̤˲˴̤֮УȻ
ߣһק磬ʧ˲䣬ѩŷȥ
ߣȴһ۵۽ȤûУһֱ̧ŷץȥѾٶıʣҲܵӰ죬ʵִб
־
˿ԥ缸ͬʱ־չѩȥ
ܣҵҪܵȥ¶һ˿м֮ɫһüͷ׷ȥ
־¼ٲǷ籾ȴֻף׵ʵҪѩһߣȻܽ˦Ƭ֮Ȼ׷
ಣ
˲䣬һ㽣âȻƿնӲĽŲ
۽㻹˼֣һ֮䣬ңӱ̤˿Уʱ˷裬˵
ͷңһۣȴҲվδײңӵݱϾͬ뱱ϵǳûбˣҲңӶ֡
䣡
˵ͬʱ۽Ȼ߶콣˺գΧƬռ䶼סĽֱϮ
һѵ۽͸һ˿âһ֣Ȼץ۽ϧ۽УҲ鰵Ͷ
籱˵۽֮ǵ۽Ϊƿ۵УһУҲƲ޵еĵ۽ˡ
һֲײ֮£۽ɶأ֮ҲһСһ˿Ѫ
۽ĿվЩϣ֮£ȻҲδܵס档
ҼȻȻ׼Ҳδ̫д˰ɡһ߽Ȼ۽׳üȻ͸һâɭȻȵ
ֻ
µ˲䣬еĵ۽ȻһһΪߣֱ߷һƬռ䶼
һ̣ߵӰ֮ϣȴͻȻֳ߸ģӰӣģ඼Ȼ߸Ӱ֮͸ϢȴǾף˲佫סˡ
Ӱ
۽߾󣡡һ˲䣬ȻӦ˹һ˿Ȼ֮ɫڲٹдһ̧֣ȻӵϽԼ彣УңָӰ
գϹɱ֮ʱһǳ󷨣˵˭ֳֵ۽۽߾ٻӰ۽֮ɷо֮֮еκһ١
ֻʱ꣬ȴǸû뵽۽߾󣬾ȻҲܴҾȻôһո̤ؽ׵СӲó
췢ɱޣطɱ½˷ɱط
ӿ³⼸仰һ˲䣬еĵ۽Ȼ͸ɱգߵǬ
߾ɣ
ֻһ̣߾ȴκˣҪ⾪ɱƬռ֮ڵ˶һնɱ
һ߾󣬱Ҫ֮Ȼкεȿֲһ˿⣬˷гһڣͬһɿֲĽ͸ֱһӰȥ
һ̣ɫ䣬뷽ңӾһ֮䣬̤ͬգһӰȥ
۽߾󷢶вһƬؿռ䣬䷢ңǿܹ⣬ЩȴǱɣ
ʱûٸҷܣڳǿͬʱ֣֮ߵӰȥ
СӣԼСģ
ŵ۽ңһ䣬³Ȼһ𣬷֮䣬ƣΪһĽ⣬Ľ⻤סһأյĵ۽Ȼ
ڳ֮УҲֻд˿ռңӣջס·ˣ⻯عػһ
ֻ˴æӭսͬһ̣ңȴǳɻ۽ĴˣҪʲô
ѵ۽߾˶Ĩɱⲻɣ
Լ䣬ңͻȻּΪĸо·ҾֲŸոսҿһ㣬òסӦԲźá


 ʮ ħ
ɱһתƣ
ܻأԭԴһ䣬췭ظﻻƣӰͬʱֻ̧֣콣ϯĽ̺򣬽
һǿܴɶء
һһӰǵķ軹ǱܹӦ磬Ȼɱһתתƣ߾߶ȴӲҲͬѹ
꣡
гһʣǰӰ飬ȻûȽ֮𣬱ﻻƣԭӰԶٴ۳Σ·ûܵκ˺һ㡣
߾Īǻ󲻳ɣǴһ˿߽ɵڵ
ն↪µļһǡԼ⻤أ潣죬Ҳûаܹ͸ңӵķ˼·֮ˡ
һۣңӱ㿴νɱڱǸ߽ɣֻҪն˸߽ɣ۽ʧȥƿأ⽣Ȼɢˡ
ʵϣҲͲңѣһ̣еĽʱŸ߽ɶȥ
Ӱ붯Χɱ֮һ֮ع򣬵ͬһ㡣
֮
һĨâսеĽȻһĨҫ۵Ľɫû˿ĻڣôƽƽһƳȻһȴͬʱ˴޼᲻ݣﲻƣ
֮Ȼޱߣڱд̳㵱߽һ㣬޿ɱܣ޿ɵ
˲Ϣ֮䣬֮Ȼƿ˵ǰнݻӰһ䵽˸߽ɵϡ
һ˵ǵؽʵˣףҲֻбɱķݡ
Ȼڸ߽ɼնɱʱ򣬸߽ɵȴͻȻģ·ȻΪһӰһƬռ֮ˡ
ƾкεȿֲҲһָ֮
Ӱݣ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ȻӦ˹һ˿ɫȴҲףԼҪ˲Ϣնɱ߽ɿǲˡ
һ̣ӰĹѽԱǿᣬҲòݱܷâ˿ȥ
ƽգ߽Ѿ˵ؽ׵ʵҲǰӵӰݱܿĹֻŵ۽֮Ե۽߾߽ȴܹʩչӰݣͬ١
ֲõ۽߾ڡ
ҲҲһԡ
¶һ˿⣬߽һ֣Ӱ֮ڿӵӡת˲֮䣬֮УȻɭ֮ħ졣
ħ޷࣡
䣡
˸ֵ£Ƭռ֮ڣʱΪ֮һ䣬ӰӵħŰ̶Ϣ֮䣬鼰Ƭռ䡣
һ̣ң뱱ɫڱˡ
˵ħҲ㲻ʲôڣǣħ֮µ˵ȴѾˡ
ңħӰʤңԽԳɹҲûסħ֡
Խɱǽһ𣬻·ҲƱػᱻһնɱ
̶Ƭ̵ʱ䣬·Ѿʮ˱ħʴ񣬱ķߵϮɱȥ
ٱ߽ǰ
ķӦǺεȵѸ٣оԵ˲䣬Ȼ˾ԣȻȻѩڣͬʱѩȥԾԵͬڡ
ҲҿķӦ죬ĻԺǵʵֻڵһʱѾħʴˡ
ô죿һ̼ѩҲЩˣԭľ籾İ߽ɵԼᷢҪƽҾ棬뷽뿪񣬸߽ȴҪ뷽Ҳһɱ
ȻܹʱסӰ죬ǣħԽԽ࣬ΧҲ׷ױӰ죬ôȥҪ˶ãΧЩ˾͵ȫħʴ񣬷ɱ¾ʱ򣬼ң뱱ܹȴǿҲҪһ𱻽ɱ۽߾еġ
ʦһסǡ̧ͷңӣͻȻڵ
ĻңӶʱӦ˹¶һ˿֮ɫԼСӦԱǣõǡ
õңӵı֤ʱĽᣬſѩ֣־չ˲ܿѩǵڣͷһϵϢͷųһ˿µϢ
¡¡
˲䣬ڷ֮£֮бȻһ֮һ֮䣬ɫ䣬ѹѹĽ˲Ϣ֮ΣȻȴǸ۽߾صġ
䣡
ѤƲ񷣬˲֮ħʱΪɻңӰҲæıܿմ
һĽ٣Ҳͬʱ־ţʽˣ
֮ԭ֮Ȼת˲֮䣬бʱϢ
꣡
ȻµУΪ֮һ·ÿһϸź
ܿƵķתԵȻµ
񣬷лŻħ˼ȻʵʵĴԭضɽٵģ־չȺ֮вߣ£Щеħ⣬翿̫ļһҲͬ⵽ܵϴܲܳܵס׵ĺǾȫȻڷĿǷΧ֮ˡ
ãСӸʲôۼ粻Ⱥߣңӵɫʱˡ
ڳЩˣȻУᱻȻжΪ˸Ŷɽ٣ֱӾͼٵѶȡ
Ƭ֮䣬żһܼ籩
ռ伸ռ䶼
ҲЩٵǿߣʱԶԶĶ㿪֮¼Ӿ緽ɽٵѶȣʵΪһСģͬԼףǲŵ֮֡
ܼܵ£ŲߣվԭأƽĿµס
еħѾɱ˴룬ʣµϢĿռ֮ڣҲ˻˷˼ȫ֮ϡ
׵ʵѾʸ뵽Ĵս֮ˣͬҪԼʵ˲Ա֮Ը߽ɣǷ裬֮
ļǵãң˵׵ԽǿܹõĺôԽֻҪܹ˳ȹ٣ʵ̻һ췭ظı仯
׿һе˫ƽգ䵽Լϣ̼ÿһƤûһ˿Ѫ
һɱ䣬û˿·֪ŸոʱٵٻжǿȻȴ˿⣡
ɽ٣
ŷ磬ǱǷ裬Ǹ߽ɣһ̶Ĭ
˶ɽ֮ʱܵһӰ죬״̬ǣһȴֳ֮¶ɽ٣ƾٵָǿ˼֣
ңûǴĻոΪ˾ѩ˿Ҳͬ˰ɣ״£Ȼѡʱɽ٣Ǻεȵķ񰡣
֮ûгչǽϢжϣҲ֪Բͨ׽ˣ٣ļһﵱܹɵĹô


 ʮ ʣپɱ
䣡
裬
ԭɫ˻ȻԼЩɫ֮䣬һȻ֮⣬˴ĵһ˿η֮⣬̲סҪĤݡ
˵Ī⣬֮ˣڴ˿̣֮£ҲҪһ˿η֮ģĪ֮¡
һ˲䣬ɫһ䣬ңӽŽ֣ѾԼһ˿ɫʱࡣ
ף
ʶǿߣǽ֮͸һɫ֮бʶɫҲʱüΪŹ֡
ôܡףŲֻ̤ؽ׵׶ѣôô̬
յĽƣҲ̲ס˳Ҫ֪̤֮ʱҲװ
֮У֮ļ£֮µ֮֮Դ۷Ҳļ֮
˵ǷˣףڳĿûһ˸˵ԼһܹѾռ䷨ңҲ⡣
䣡
е׿ɲô룬Ƭ̣һֲȻ£˿ӦĻᣬƽը죬һ֮ƿȻһѪƤѿ
ãף
Ǵһɫɫ£ңɫҲ΢ÿһЩȻԼһ˿׵ϢȻȴվδףҲöˣһԼɱʣˡ
ˣһҲȻǽŵĲᣬʼɽ٣һɱⳣ̤ʱٵңһ˿׵Ϣ֮ҪѰٸΪΪߡ
֪ʵͲţɽֻ֮֮
֮£ǵ۽ҲҪȻʧɫһ̣˵Ŀⶼۼ˷ϡ
ʵϣѾûʲôŷܹɹˣеĲ²ⶼǣԷʵܹŹ£
򷽴ĿȻ˼֮⣬ѡһ϶ɽ٣ôˣҲôٰ̬ɣţѵؽ׶ṳ̂Ҫٻ𣬵ӢŰϧ̾
˫ĿĶղ٣ϲޱȻȫΧһУЩۣҲǵı飬ȫ񶼷˽֮ϡ
粢֪ʲôףҲȫûκη壬Ȼ٣ڷУҲһĥѣû˿֮ģӲһ֮
ܲסֲ֮ѪƤѣȻȴҲδЩһ£Լĸı䣡
ܹĸоԼ֮Լڵ֮ÿһ˿Ѫ⣬ͷڵÿһϸ֮УȻ˶ˣȻȴҲͬʱٽԼɿĽһɱ䡣
䣡
֮£ʲôָʱ䣬һ֮ûȫɢڶȻ£ٴ䵽ϡ
գ֮䣬ȻΪһѪˣѾҲһƤˣԼ͸һ˿֮ζ
Ҫôôŷ֮±ѩͬʱɫ䣬ˮȻл䣬͸һ˿֮ɫ
û˭Ǹ֮ѡʱɽ٣ΪҪеħסǣĻԷ״̬Ͳʺ϶ɽ١
ѵô࣬յĽ֣ô
Ѿһ飬ѩǺ𽣬һжһľʹճ֮£֧ŵӰ
ĵ
ֲףͲͷҲȫûиһ˿ĻᣬһһȻ£Ҫնɱɡ
ҪңЩ׺Ѿ¶ɭȻ׹ǣȻһ̣вû˿η壬͸һ֮⣬һָ죬ɭȻŭ
һɾսȻӷһ̣֮䷽緭֮䣬ץһѪɫ͸޾ɱƣֱָƣ
ս
ڷУȻµףͬһֲĶһ㣬һĨмڰ⣡
¡¡
һ̣ߡڰ˵ͬʱ£͸ֲĺ֮ضΪ֮
Ѫһ̣ͻȻЩ¾ľˣһն¾صİɱ֮£޲ɱ֮ˣ޲ս֮أѲ֮ȴ
ɱ
Ȼһɱ֣Ȼӭϣɱɱ뽣ںϣ⵱Ѫ֮תɱնӭǺȻµ
ɱһѪ·
һ˵ɱˣɱǣһȥ޻صţһȻҲ޻ľȻ
־Ҳûзֺ
䣡
Ѫɫ۵ɱ֣ڽӴٵ˲ֱӱ̺еϢ飬̶еѪҲ֮飬ȻˣȴҲȻû˿⣬ɱһضɽҡǰɱ˲Ϣ֮䣬۳һɼᶨȻδغǿȴ֮ȻҲĥ𲻵һɼᶨ
ۣ
һھѪѾ鲻ۿɼɭȻ׹ǣŽֱۣǼѾѪ⣬ֻʣ½ڵĹͷ
飬Ѫ飬Ȼһսȴû˿ˡ
·͸ܲʹһ㣬Ȼ͸һɾâȻŭӲ죬Ȼͦ
һ̣ѩԶ䵽ԼϸΪʹ࣬ء
Ϊ֮£Էżı裬һҲΪ֮¶򷽴ĿǸϧ
˶ܹĸоˣ˵Ѿե˷ÿһ˿ÿһǱ
ûܹףʲô֧ţ÷絽ڻִվţǱ
ǣһȻǽ
еĽƲû˿ɢ˼Ȼһʱ䲢δ¾ףȻ˶ܹĸоǿֲѹ޼Ÿֲһξɱ
١ĬĬգңǿɬԾΪҲֻоأһޣҲֲĽ
ͨ˵һ̤ؽ֮ʱҲ±ǽţʵԶ׵ķ룬Ҳ٣
񣬷ܵȴǺľٰ
ɲֵֻı仯ž֮УֲıһԾΪµ٣Զǰ˵ۼӵһҪֲĶ࣡
ضߣֲľɱһ
˵Ѿ˼ޣƣòһ˿ˣ۷֮ʱҲӲֲһ
ô
һ̣ңӣҲЩĻˣ֮⣬ɱ䣬ĪǵΪʣһô


 ʮһ ̣
飬Ĵڳ֣
ңȻףʵϣ·һɽ٣ֱֲľžٵԭ򣬲ʲô⣬νɱ䣬Ƿ羳
֮򷽴ڶؾ磬ӵسɴֶΣĴʵ̫ˣضΪ֮ʼɣ¾ž٣ǼϢıԴ̷֮
ʵϣǷ籾ʵֻ̫׵Ļµľŵף͸ʲôϢǴˣ
ң˵ʵԽǿٱԽǿֲķ磬ѾԶԶĵȽˣ
⾳ֶΣԶԶܳصķ룡
ʱİжһѹ֣˿춯Ψֱ
Ҳ֮ǰԷһʲô̬ȣӲ˵٣͸ɭȻ׹ǣȴȻȻʱжΪ֮۷
ֶΣʵ̫ˣ˲ԾһԲλ֮
ƿŵ۽ĸ߽ɣһ̣򷽴۹ҲǸӣҲ޷һ뾴塣
۽ѡǶԵġ
û׷һʲôֻ̬ĬĬſвϷĽƣ겻ѡ
ʵϣһ̣ҲѾһУ
ϵʹ࣬˳ɰܣںδ
ޣ
ûķͬһѾ˼ޣҲһ˿Ѿ֮ǰ׽֮ĵһɶܹȻվ⣬Ѿǿ־֧ˣ
ǣǿ־Ҳֲʵĳھŵµʱ򣬷ȴѾûκȥֵˡ
ľԷʼڣôµһξ
·Ѿκһ˿ϣȻһ̣ȴȻûо
Լ䣬ƺֿͷ̣վɽӭɽָԼС
֮ʮʮоţȥһ
ͷ˵飬ǣȴܻһֻҪܹҵһһܹѰ·
α仯ܻ㲻һڣνȥһ
ֻ£ѾҲҲһˣǣ֮£ҲͲʱȥ˼ˡ
ͬʱһɻذȻӿӿռ䶼֮ڿз񷭹
߷ڣŭ
Ŵӽ֮͸һȴȻΪһצɫͷ͸һɫźȻ¡
Ϊʵ
һ׽һ£˲ͬʱɫ䣬ŵ˵һХµѾ˿ڷǿȫһˣ
˵ǾƣߵķˣЩ̤֮ʱҲܹһ
Ҫ֪ͨǿߣһ֮£´ҲӲĽ֣
ǣŲֻˣһֱǲ˿Ļ·ˣ
һ̣ûκĴңֹ۵ˣڿһ׽µʱҲٱκϣ
¡¡
µûи˿ӦĻᣬȻȥֲ׹񷭹·Ҫµһ˿ӡҲĨȥһ㣡
һ̣ң뱱ҲѾ޷֮иоһ˿·һжѾ׽һ㡣
Х֮£ͷӶʣ£һдڹĺۼᱻĨȥΪɻң
һĻѩ𽣬ͬʱڵأ·ʧȥȫ
Ȼ֮ϵĽȴѾɢ۽߾ϢҲͬʱٴ¶콣⿪ʼա
ֻһ̣ȴûٸų֣ȫһƬĬȻ
һȣƺЩԣ
Ҳ֪˭Ⱥ˳һ˲䣬˵Ŀⲻٴ֮ϣ
ֱ˿̲˷ӳ˹˵һɱ˷֮󣬱ӦɢˣǼ
ǣһȴȻڲϵ·ʲôһ㣬ȻȴƫƫûܹвʲôϢ
һĻʵ̫죬ͷԡ
ʱٴλصХµ˲䣬ɵ˲䣬ȴͻȻ͸һ˿֮⣬΢΢۾׷һеֿԼɡ
һͷȫһֵĹ֮ϣ
֪ٵ˲䣬ȻʵԼϻһһƽոҲӲ
ĵ
ɽӣصʵģĵĥľĸ
һ֣̫ˣ
һ緽統ʣڷ˵жж㡣
Ĳ겻
ͷͻȻЩˣ˲һ֣һУԼȫֺɵĵ֮С
ƣģ
ֺ֮У·һеֻЦֻǺ嫵ĵ⣬Ψһ
Ψǽ磡
ֻҪĻڣѣɽӵתҲԼκεӰ졣
һˣǺХµ·ûǷֻһɱԴ¶ѣ
粢ûеֻֿǴݵԼ壬Ȼϵǿ֮Դ֮壡
Ʋ
һ̣ڷ˵еһжȫ飬ȻѪ֮һԴɱ䡣
ʱһ̣·Ѿûκε壬ǷԼҲ֪ȥ˶ãйһݵĺأȻȻ壬
תḶ́ɱǶԴ֮ȡԣŻķ
ԭ峹ױ飬γ֮ǰ֮ǰҲ㲻ܹĵϢ
ֱʶǵ֮˳ƾԴ֮ؾ壬չֳǿ
¡¡
ͣȻ˫ۣ˫Ŀ͸һ⣬ڷΧźȻɢٴνӰ˳
üһâ
ȴΪһɱ䣬÷УԼһ˿֮ԴϢ
һֳ죬ȻһХӿ˴ĵףһ˿𺳣ĸܵǷǿ
ؽף
ɹ٣ķ磬ŵ泹̤˵ؽ֮УһץȻγһɫĳڸ
ֱ˿̣ȻӦ˹һƬȻһ˿ŵ𺳣ɵɵĿ򷽴磬˵һ仰
ˣ
ԭΪļһȻĶɹ٣ңƺ֮ǰΪܵЩ˺ȻѾȫָˣôܣ
ֻ籱ңȴڣԼף羿ʲôǴ˵У֮ɱ䣬̥ǵ


 ʮ ϵ
ƽվԭأ˫ḺڱȻɡ
粢û˵ҲûκζֻǾ֮ݺĽ
ϲ̤ؽףߵ飬ɸûʲôϵ緽ɡ
ڿУ߽Ŀ򷽴磬һ֣Ц
Ե۽һأߣֻҲ߲Ѱɣʼ磬絭ڵ
˵ЦˣǷߣһ߾󣬻ס߽֡赭дĿ˵
˻ΪֻſںȻȴ׸߽ɻе˼ɱϧ֮ʱ߽ҲͬԼߣ۽߾ҲͬסԼ
ֻǣȴѩȻܶ뿪
㻹ǹһԼɣĪǵΪе۽ֱȥˣĿ䵽߽ɵϣݿڣϿ˿
ڱԭһУڸ߽ҲһЩ˽ģȴǲƽ޹ʵܵ
Ȼ֮ǰļƺǱѩæģǸոճ֮ʱйԼѩ˼Լ٣ħһأδܹɵĹȥ
ΪֶͻȻһ˿Ц⣬߽ƽ˵˵ʵԭлмֲ񣬼ֶɽ٣ȴǳ׷ˣ۽ġ
⻰һȫʱһƬȻǷ磬һʱҲӦˡ
˵ʲôȻһȻ¶һĨâɭȻڵ
Ҳ𻰣߽ɿȻһѪȻɿۣͬʱĽҲͬʱת֮䣬ڿһģӰ
ˣ߽ɵһ˿Ѫɫ˷·֮һ㡣
Ϣ֮䣬ӰȻ¶ԭòǺЦȻԵã˿̻֮ҲȫȻ˿ɱ͸һ˵ϡ
Сֵܣּˡ
Ƿ磬Ҳȫû뵽Էڵһ仰Ȼ˵⣬·Ѽһ
һʱ䣬˶ЩԺˣĲ񻰵ļһ˭Ӱʲôϵ
Ȼ˲ͬӰ˲䣬ĺëȻըͷ֮亹ĶſеӰһʱȴ˵ˡ
װŪüͷһȴȫȻЩģ΢΢һһն콣ֱָӰɱ
Ȼмŵ۽߾ѹڲ࣬ȴҲдһȴҲͬȫ֣콣ɭȻն£񲻿ɵ
룡
üͷûһ£һ̧֣һָ׼䵽նµһ֮ϡ
ֻá꣡һȫնһȻͬһ㣬һָ֮䣬ѣ
⻹㣬һָ֮·ûܵʲôһ㣬׾ٵ䵽첲ϣ
飡
·˱һǴһ㣬˵ɳȥӴһָĸ첲˲ѣѪͬǰ棬һ仰˵ˡ
˻
һȴ˲佫˶סˣǿ籱ңҲһסӰǲŵ𺳡
ǿɲʲô񣬶ǱµһְǱңԳ֣ҪʤҲƱҪĴۣǴ˿ȴԷ赭дһָˣʵֱš
۾٣粻ʤҡһһٵĿӰڣȴȫȻһ仰ڣεȵˣ
ۣ
һ̣ǷӦٳٶ۵ҲѾӰˣ
ϵ£λ˭Ե֣
ִϹɱ򣬿ΨһĴڰǽ۵һӰƣ£˴ĵһɿ־֮⣬ֱӡ
۵ǲں룬ֱӿŷЦΪ˼һ棬ҿǻ˲ٹʱޣл㲻ضˡѡĴˣƱؽ֮־ؿϹɱ򣬾£
ؿϹɱ򣬾£
򵥵һ仰ȴ羪һ㣬Ȼڳÿһ˵У˲
䵱Ϲɱڰ֮ˣһƬȻһĪĿ־塣
۾뺦ôۣȴǲһп࣬û
ô˵˵ֱֻǱɱ޵£񻹲֪ںδȻǲصĵģԼûôţ氡⻰һȥҪȫĸնԼô
ЩС֮Ϊ壿ȻһЦǲмƱؽ£ִȻҪһЩĥġ

һѪûȴǼֱ޲ҧĥĥôԼŲֻǵؽףɹ٣ڷ裬ǿǰҲƨ㲻ϣοϢȥȫµǿ߶ԼΪжд̣ԼܱQ죿
ǸûȤ缸ҧ˵仰ģȲ˵ۿѹûʲôģĵģֻҪ⴫УԼҲûûˣȥ
֮ǰңӻţǱŭҲһ˿棬İԼôǽ۵ĴУǱΪУʱ򣬳䣬ûܻסԼ
һȻѾ˵ڣǱɲˡЦһ£۴ݿڵӣҲ򵥣ұ㽫㣬ͬڳЩȫɱɾΪΣ

⻰˵ģȻ˵£Ǵ۵Ŀ˵ȴǾȻͬȻ۵Ŀͬ˵Цһ㣬Ȼȴû˸ⷬʵԡ
вʵЧģ˿ˮ֡
۾٣ȻݵֻһͶӰɱǣҲδЩд˰ɣ͸һ˿ɱңһ̤͸һ۶
Ҳмֵɫĵ˵ͷ漴ͷȻˣ۱
µ˲䣬һ˿âһ췭ظת
ִһ֮£·
ֻΧţҲܹ׵ĸоֿ־ƣвֱӱһŵĹ
ϵ
һ̣˸ղżʶǿֲֶΡ
٣
Ȼ֣ңϽȻܻأһٿգ·ƿһ㣬ԳɹӲһɽԿһֱĹ֮
䣡
ڿзһȻȴվδ˷ֺĵ
Щ˼ȴҲΪ⣬һ۽Ȼӿ£ңӻѹ䡣
ˣ۵ҲδֺֻԵ۽֮ѹ£תأ
۽۵ƿ֮£ŵչ¶޵µ
һ籱˵۽ֻ۵в޵µĵ۽


 ʮ ɣ

üͷŵջѹµĵ۽ңȻԼеĽҲͬ׷˳ȥ봺װȻӿбɲ֮䣬ڳˣ˸ǿ⣬ϵĽķ
뷢
Ȼν򽣿пţգ֮彣ڿնʱȴһ뷢ĴĶǡ
𣡡
һִӿ³֮䣬ڿնЩˢˢŵ۽ȥֱ˿̣ңӲŵ潫쾡µ򷽴չ˳
ɲͬڷֻǵңӵУЩÿһ֮϶дӡǣ̺ңӱĽ
ŵ˵һܶԲڷȫһ֮£˿ȴ˲ϢٰѳһȻͬն
ۣǱһ֮£ֻҲŪæңһСģóԴ
Ȼһڵ۽ǰȴ·𶼲ֻһЦһ㡣
۽µٶȶû˿仯Ȼϵȴ·ͬеһݿĽһиǰĳն飬һЩû۽㷢һ׹䡣
ĳֱǺţһ޿ƥ֮ǵĪ⡣

ۿһת֮ͻᱻ۽ƳңӵȴȻû˿Ļ֮ɫ̧һָֻʣµĳȻ٣˲Ϣ֮أֱӳ˵۽֮۶ȥ
ռ䷨򣿡¶һ˿ɫ΢΢һ̤һ̽΢΢һץֻòױܿ˵۽ϮĽٰѳͬһֻεĴץסһ㣬˿С
飡
赭дĴӿ³һ֣ĳ˲ΪۣңӸϵĽһ飬ٲʣһ˿ۼ
ͬʱ۽ҲȻ£ΧĿռ䣬ңռ䷨޷ʩչ
ۣ
һѪңͼס۽ֻ֣Ȼ飬Ȼŵ۽ͷŶһɲڷ˿ռ䷨˲Ϣ˼֮⣬ֽѪտտվ˽Ų
һռ䷨ܹõ̶ֳȣҲ˽ˡĵͷһ֣۽Ҳδ׷ֻǾڿС
Ȼһ̵ңȴվ¶һ˿ɫЩʧǵôһͶӰ۽ܽԼƵ̶ֳȣЩһӲʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ң֮ǰ̾δ۵ķʣȴ˲䱻յһġ
ۣʸӲ䲻飬ȴѾˡ
д˵ڣ˭Ե֣
һҲǸҸһᣬ뷽ʦͽϵһĮȻңӣڣ·Ķˡ
û˻۵Ļңӽҽһδңȴﻹܹӵµڶ뷽ʦͽϵѾΪΨһڡ
ԭЩʧȻ⻰ңȴȻЦ۾ʵ˫һͶӰҲնɱңֻǣ˵һΪʦΪ۾ŸĸηΣߣ
Ȼͦıֱң˱ͬһѳʵı۲䣡
ĵɫһʱ䣬һ̾
ʣ׵ضµûܹңһѡ
۾Ȼ޵£ȴҲֻһͶӰѣ۾֪м֮
֮䣬ٴοڣû˿η壬Ȼۡ
侲Ϊһ̿ͣĶȻΣԼһЩԵĳ֮ʱȴܹ侲
ƾնǿۣƾһͶӰҲӵ޾նһΪ⣬ֵңӵĹЩ赭дȻȴһҪķѴɵġ
ȻǿۣҲţԷֹܹĹȥ
¶һ˿ɫȴǶڷԽЦҡͷһ֮
ˣʱƭ۵ȴǾƲмġȻˣ㲻˿΢Ц̹Ȼ档
ŷ磬ȻһգߣҲɻһռ䣬ڳЩͬһĨɱ

⻰һȫʱһȻ˵Ŀⶼ䵽˷ϣ
һ棬ǾԲ뷽ܴУΪ۵ĴؿϹɱ򣬵һ棬ȴ־ԲƽΪƷ
һʱ䣬ȴǲĬ
Ҳߴ٣΢ЦҡͷԺúÿǣչҪһ𰸵ģ۽գһƽ׹ʡ
ãϣŲ¶һ˿Ц⣬ȻֵȻˣһѡô
۵˼ô۴ʲô⣬Ҳһ
ܾȻȻȻȴǶϾ˰Լڣڳ˵
ԷǣȻף۵ݣȻ˵ˣԲջء
Ϊ۴±ԼͷͲɱԼǾͼֱĴˡ
ӿɽҲȻˣɻʲôҪ󣿿һָЦЦʵ
ˡɹȻһЦ漴ҡͷֻǻ۾պҪڣȻ˵۾ĴУҲδػ۾Ըջժµ۾ͷ
⻰һڣж΢΢һȴһַ˼ı飬ڡвۣ
ʲôЦһؽ׵СӣҪܵ۽еˣȻвۣһﲻǷ˰ɣ
ŶȤĿŷ磬Ц˼ȻˣúúŬ֮вУվǰֻ֣Ҳ˲ҷֺ
磡ͬʱѩͬʱ˳ҧ촽򷽴硣
ǵǵвǻ÷粻Ҫ˼ǣȴһΪвȴǶʱ˵һ仰
Ϲһ˿Ц⣬羲ѩ𽣬ȴվûж˵ʲô
Ǻ£Աԣй¶һֽ֮£ص˷ڣȻѪû˸ΥġҲ֪ǻʲô˼ͻȻٴοڵ
ò˵һջ飬Ͼһ۴еȥΪ¹У˺򡣵ǼܹϢôֻҪ뿪̾ͻᰲȫˡ
ʱ򣬼˶ΪӦ
Ȼµȴһм΢Ц۾ƺˣ֮ԴӦΪҲΪ˼ʲôˣΪһжڱƿ֮µĸоߡֻɣ
ɣܶ˶޷ף򵥵֣Ŷصĺ壬Ƕڷ˵۵ĳ֣ȴһң
еУе׷󣬶ԴΪǰᣬԼ˶޷ףǻʲôʸ̸Ķ
ͻȻһ䣬ǰǳ̨ʣʼ磬ڣһաҪ죬ڲסۣҪأģҪ⣬Ҫ飬ɢ


 ʮ ĵ۽У
գ
۽ӳϵ˺أӲռ䣬˺ѳһռͨʱ𺳼ֱˣǺȻһÿӡĥӡǡ
һĻǣ
򣬴һв˸оʲôĴ
֮ȣνܻ֮عֱͬͯЦһ㡣
籱ңǿߣܹһ֮пĶȴǸࡣ
ƿƵĹؼڣңӴռ䷨ıԵȻ񿴵һѿһռͨףԼһռ䷨ֱƤëеƤëΪ
ֽ̧˿ռ֮ͨУȻŵЦ⣬ת߽ɵҲȥɣ򣬿û뿪ġ
ɫ԰׵΢΢Ƿ߽һ񱳺˫Ҳ֮˿ռ֮ͨС
΢΢ףȴûи˵˼ӰȥȻɢ·ûгֹһ㡣
ֱ۵ͶӰʧǵ۽նĿռͨųϣֻһ˿Ŀռ䲨֤ʵŸոһвǻþ
ѩĮȻϣҪô
֮ǰԱӣȻǺ޲ýѩֵɱźãֻôһ⻰ȴʵڲˡ
ͣץΪʣգĵ۴УֻҪ֣ɻұһƽҲ֪˭Ⱥһ䣬ȴǶʱõ˲˵޳ɣ۵ĴУʵ̫ˡۼʶ۵Ŀֲ˭Ҳܱƽˡ
˭ң
ͻȻ֮䣬Ȼһߣͬһˮͷ£ʱЩе˼˸߰˰ˡ
ֳֽң֮Ȼȴ͸һȻ֮
¶һ˿ЦңӳԼҲĳη˱ΪһŮˣǺóϢ
ң˲ĳȴҲͨ죬ȴȻвĵı粵ĵ⻰ɾͲˣԸʲôʲô취Ȼӣǣȴ۵ĴУΪжԸħͷ㵱伫
ƨ۾һɣңһ̧־һȥֱӽ˵֮ȷ˳ȥҵӣԶҵӣҵҪ˭ҵӵŮˡ
ѩһ˷磬Ҳͬжңӣ֮ǰڱӣҲͰˣȻ鷢չֵزȻǲͬġ
лǰһůѩҧס촽ˡ
ңڲ࣬лʲô˼ȴҲվû˸ұֳ
ãŻ̾˿֣֪⣬ҶɼȻˣûġ
ΪңӻǺ𽣬ڷ磬վûɱģǷ۴ʵ̫ˣҹϵ£ȴʵûġ
һ䣬ңȴҲվûٶ˵ʲôԾϳڿлһߣתʧӰ١

תطϡ
̤ռͨ˲䣬ʱоһǵصĿռѹϵÿһϸ·ͬʱž޴ѹΧһƬ磬κζʵϣѾȹ٣ʵõ췭ظµֲֻĿռѹѾԽʬ޴ˡ
۽׷ڲ࣬ת֣ſƽ˲ϢΪһ㽣â˷üġ
һ˲䣬ӷ·Ȼըһ㣬ĴзӿԺҪʶűת˲֮˷ȫʶŵ۽ڿռ֮ͨд
۽п
֮ͬǰϹɱĿ飬ķȴѾõ˵۽Ͽɣڵһʱ㿪˵۽У
ƺ۷ԭж಻Ը⣬ǷҪܾվ޷ڤڤ֮еվĽ˵۽С
ʱ·ȥ˼ͣƺֻǵָһӣռͨٴιرգŵ۽һһƬɻУḡˮ֮ϡ
ҲǷѾŵؽ׵ʵ㲻Ҳܹά򣬿Ҳֱɻˡ
ӰͮͮԶϡһЦ֮봬ֻֻǴ˿̵ķȴȫȻЩġ
۽֮󣬲ΪǺεҲжΪϴдӡǣ۵Ϣ봫С
񣬷ҪܵıЩ
ı۽֮ʱȻ죬ֱ͸Ȼʵϣǵ۽˲Ը¶ôӱ濴۽ҲֻһͨĹӱѣǿߣҲԷֱвͬ
ңͬʱ۽˵ϢҲͬᱻڸǣո߽ܹ֮ҡڵĴľֶΡ
ȻΪûеõ۽ϿɣҪҪ۵ģ⻹ΪΪ˱ȥҷ磬ʱõ۽չֳ񣬵۽ȴʱԷ¶˿ۼ
ȲǴʲô˼ǾԲ÷ƽġ
űǵ˵Ҫ̳е۽Ļ鷳ȻҲҪһЩԱֶεģǱǱŷȥˡ
ʣ֮һ
Ȼֻģ⻹۽߾شĴУҲͬʱӡ뷽ԺӦãȴӡĵס
ҲǷ羭ѪԼٵϴʶˣôഫһһӿ룬һĵؽָ˲ʶΪ޷ôϢ
Ȼ˿÷޷ԭȴЩһ׽˵һɱ֮
ʶ֮УԼоԼƺȫ֣ǰϵתһƪھԼǿн֮
۽ն
һƪھܸ٣֮Ƿ츳Ҳͬĥ͸ֻԼкɱ֮Ǻݶޱȡ
ǷܹӴĵһնѾľսĸо
һնרնʶΣɫζҲǳ˵ģӾɫζжңɲֻս֮ʱİᣬ֮һ֮£նУ
⻹Žֻǵһնѣһбһп£˲


ҹɫ֮УͻȻһŮӵľУ漴ŮӻҵĻС㣬ˣˮиˡ
ˣ΢΢һŮӴӻ߳˳Ůָķȥԥһ£ڻǿڵ˳壬ɣֻˮģҲδر
С㣬һһأǶ£Ůɫ԰ףЩĵĲʵ
Ҳܵþˣ͹٣ܷҵˣҲðǡŮ΢΢ҡͷ̾Ϣ
С㻹ơЦЦ˳һ㣬ȻԾ˳ȥͬӳˮ㣬ˮһ㣬Ȼˮץһ֮䣬Ȼص˴ϡ
ܹ˾ĳ̶ȣȴҲʵǳܹġ
۽ɨе彣΢һ漴ڵС㣬ֻҲһ֮ˣֻŻԲѡ
ô˵ûˣŮСĵĴŮӱ̽Դʵ
ﲻغ£ڣԲˡЦЦ
ǱãСĵؿڣŮŸ߽һЩϸһòͷŮӵףС㣬˻ͦأ
ˣҪˣҡҡͷŮڷԸȻû£ͷ˳彫հɣȥǡ


 ʮ 
ƼɻƮ
Ůӱپڴͷ˼ԽƮԽԶһʱ֮䣬ȴˮ䵽Ҳδ
С㣬زȥɣءһֽɡߵŮߣΪŮӳɡڵ
˵ǴлнôϸƮ䣬ŮЩį̲סһϧ֮⡣
ǱϾڵˣַ̬ôˣǿϣҲ̫ΪѵģҲħһųϵӣѵΪħĴ˲ɣ죬ߵ
Ը˰ɡ뵽Ϻ˵ӣŮЩʧ̾ϢһʵǸô
С㣬Լ¶æأ㻹˼ˡᵽʱĿɰСԴ˵
˾ȵףҲ˳ֵ£һ£ʵЩˣȥ㽪ȥһ㣬ҡҡͷŮ
˳˵Ҳأһ㺮ʲô
ӣȻ˲ˣҲˮУǼȻԵֲ֣ܲܡһЩɡЦ֣Ů
ˣˣ˵Сء˶ţվֲԼС㣬תȥ
еĽͷ麹ԴԼЩʹ۽նʵ̫ֻǸող˵һնѾоЩƣˡ
ʶָȻʶԼƺѾԽ˿ռͨôģ
ףˣ
߲ŸոշŴվһѾߴŮƿŽ΢΢һ
ι㵽û˵˷ۣ
ң˼Ǻεȵ˲Ϣ֮㷴Ӧ˹̽ʵ
ҼСĳã˽Ӻһ͵İ˰֣ţС˺Ҹ׼һЩȥ
Ҳȷش㾶뿪˺ա
Цҡҡͷ漴ƿȥʵﻹʲô
ϸƮЩ⣬Ҳмʡ
ڵ۽֮ϣ̾ϢһҲЩϸ꣬ͷ
絹ǵѩңڣʲôӣοҲͲֶŮ鳤Ӣ̵ļһ
ֻ뵽ĪȴҲЩѹ֣Ļ˵ĿʵϣҪ˵ûѹҲĳ
ҡҡͷЩͷȥŽ˼ŵǰ֮ϣ
Ȼҹ䣬ȴȻܹеĺɻȻһϷ⣬Ļڱ򷽴Ǵûмġ
һʱ䣬ȴҲЩĪ״ˡ
ףˣ
ͻȻ֮䣬ͻȻһöǰ̧ȥȴֻһŮб٣ڴͷԱһΪɡ
ŮԼĪ˫ʮ껪ͣȻһ˿ɫȴȻ˿绪У˴Լ
лСȣͷзɿµ˶Էݣ΢΢Ҿ
Ӳ˶񣬲Ǿ֮ͰˡҡҡͷŮѾЩ꣬ˣȻزаɡ
һ꣬ġЦҡҡͷ䵽ϣһ۱㿴˶Էʵ۷ѡ
Ҳ˵е۽Ϣûе۽ԶԷʵҲԼʵ
ѽôˣŽһ۱㿴˷ԼСڴͷյĺһŴ˹㽪
΢һ漴΢ЦŽӹ˽һںȾȻԼʵҪȴǲܷġ
زȥô˺Ҳٸ㰾ŷ磬ĺߵ
С㣬ģѣһ£ʵ
ݸǾºѵ㲻ʶŮӴ𻰣Ȼش
ݸƺȴһĪϤУһŴĵеô
΢˼һ£ô
Ȼˣݸĸ֮һѵ㾹Ȼ֪ôĿŷ磬ʵ
ȴǲһꡣ
ݣ۽գȻһֱͨݵĿռͨʵվڵжԵĽǶȣҲòΪ֮̾
Ӳ֮ˣЩɻ̧ͷ򷽴磬ŮӲʵ
δС䡣΢΢һЦȴش𣬷ʵ
ӽұپˡ粻Ը˵ŮҲ㲻ʣشγƺ
ôüͷһЦŻش
ǰҪˣٻ£빫ǰ´ɡû̸˼һǷȴֱ
ˣлСˡ΢˵ͷ˿һŴջת
Ů˵ԼֻһͣҲ̫ĽӴܹ֪ݣѾ㹻ˣʣµĲһһѡ
ϢҲûͶӰ֣ѡԼΪ۽ˣʵ̫ˣԶݿò˼죬Ҳᴫľ˽֪ģԼԭǲˡ
ɱ仹Щ˻ɵҲòҪãô˵۽Ĵ֮⣬ԼʺʩչģҲӰɢ˵İ˼ɢˡ
ݣոպԼá
֪ģѩ⣬Ҳֻи߽˶ѡ
ι˭յġ
飬һʱȴûע⣬ԼʶıգȵʱȴѾˡ
ǸЩε˳ȻǷ
޷ЩҲáֹĻ
룬絽ҲûټҪغȥһٴ̤ա
ʲô˰ȻƤգǿСסģôҽֹ
ˣ幫ӵʣҲݲ֮ˣǴߺյġҲ쵽ˣȥɡҡҡͷȴҲ⣬ĿٴԶ
λ幫ӣӦҲ֣СҲ΢ף˳ֻǲ֪幫Ǻݣ֪Ƿܰæ
˳壬Ƽˮ꣬˼ң¹ħţɴ⡣
ʲôƼˮ꣬СǾءı粵
ˣǾ˳ˮ飬Юͼ˵¹ħųϣһã˼˼һðգǳһ䣬ɫֻԺҪ˵ˣô
˼СľˡתȥȴվûΥֱٵĻ
̾Ϣһ˳ҡͷС㻹ĵֻӣȴվ׳Կġ
һЩѵôеĺɻЩʧڵ
ϸȻȴǲ֪ڴ֮еķ磬ȴǰǵĶԻһֲ˽
ħš˼ݻðˡ


 ʮ Ϣ
ʲôˣںصأҲҴ
ԶԶĿһҴֻһĺǳӷд
ãħŵˣɫ΢΢һ䣬ʱɫ
λʵѾħŵˣȻûȷĻ֣ʵϣħŵİԵҲʲôд
ˣǱΪ˶Ҳǰˡҡҡͷ΢˳ʾ⡣
ڣӣүһ˳ʱԶԶĴ˳ȥ
ҵ˭ԭǱӣôͨˣԸ뱾ү˫ô
ʱһżϷʵǴӶĴϴһЦȻûѱٷС
⻰Ǳ٣˳嶼ɫס
үȲħţȴҲǿġ̲סڣȻŽףȴҲ·ڶ˵һ㡣
ף
֮УٵȴҲЩȻһ仰֪ٵʵν˳֮ϣ¶Ѿ̤סֻǸոռ֮ʱԼȴ˿ûвΪԷͨŮӡ
΢һνڣȴҲ˼˼
ԵĲ˵ϢֶΣ˲ò
ôĿǱЦһֻߵүȻӣʲôҲүס
һν˵ļˣֱָűˡƽգֻµͷˣǴ˷ɲԷģֻűˣδ⻰硣
ү³çүԸٴ˴Żܡ
һ˽ôӵǴĺ⡣ЦһҲ޳Ŀڵ
Ƭ̵ĹѾ಻ʮףֻ˫ĬͣδֻǸŴ˵
Ըʮ¶öΪٰȻҲףԷô˵֮ǰѾѪ
¶񵤶ڶеϡҩʵľƷҩǺĵƽҲֲ٣ǲʲôʣģΪЩѾǷ˲飬ǿ롣
ӵǴ󷽡ȻݺҲЩģЦһ£漴ЦϧЩүȴҲûз
㣡
˵ֵزԷȻǲòʱɫ࣬˵
ǿеգҧ׷ʵ
һβѾ˸ôĽĿͶ٣ɭȻǾ仰ֻҪԸ뱾ү˫ޣȻĻȥ
޳ܣаĿ⣬ٶʱͨ죬ǳ
޳ܣɹȻһЦ漴ҡͷү̤ؽףԪһٳֻҪɹ٣ȻҲĺôһӦӦӦҲôӦ
ô˵˼ȫȻ˼˿棬Ҳǳ˺ˡ
С㣬ߣ͵һţյĿڵܲţûεǲ
űٵܵܵ飬֮ǰһֱûвڣȴҲ̲סˡ
ߣЦһҵ϶ʱ¶һ˿֮ɫȻˣҿҲ㲻ˣȱүɹ٣Ȼ飬һֵġ
⻰ٵɫڱˣ˱Ļ޳ܣ
ܿ죬ͻʶʲô޳ܡмЦЦڷԸ£
ǣүһڵ˲䣬ʱĸ˴Ӧһ֮űٵĴԾ˹
ȴͬ׵ʵǸߣȴԼ֮⣬ܹӦԷ
ο֮⣬ѹ󣬼ֱǽ·
ңڵӣ޹裬űȻʶһĶңɫв
֮ǰȴôҲû뵽ԷȻ޼ɵġ
޹ʣ˭˵޹ʣһЦҡͷӻ氡ֻڳʲô˵㣿
һΣٲ֪ҪˣвδڽõȰִǰԼվǵ͹ҵİԵ޳ܰ
ħųϵүү޼ɵκ˷
Ƿ
Ĵ˸Ƿڴ֮УǺЦ̲ס
ԭѰĹǷȻڷʾ֮£ȴԼһ˿
ʲôˣ
˲䣬ұȻ쳣ĿɭȻĴա
Щˣ٣裿
ĿڣȴȫȻû˿¶˼ȻᣬȴԼ͸һĨ֮
˳ȹ٣֮ΣѾԾĴһ˿ȻͷŶ㽫Ĳᡣ
ٸֱӱһ仰ŪԺˣ¶һĨ˼ɫ𺳣
еǸһԼ֮ǰô
˭ͷ¶βʲôȻԼо˶ԷʵԼ֮ϣȴһԵˣЦźʵ
ųϵүү˱ӣҲùһӣʲôҲ˸˵֮дһ˿⣬絭ڣͬ˿棬ԷųϵүүӴһ
⻰һȴǶʱŵĲᣬæ򴬲֮ȥ
羹ȻԼүүҲжʱ͸һ˿ɱֻȨ֮£ȴվûԾ
ӣ㲻Ҫ֣үүǿߣ¶һ˿̼֮ɫѹ˵
ȻһЦȴҲȥȻϣԹԵĿڵЩˣͱΪһɡ
⻰ûŵǽҵвˡ
ֱӵζҿöûгԹˣ⻹̵סһȻԾ˹ҵҪǺηʥ˷
飡
ңԾͬʱȴȻһֻ豭Ӵ֮з˳Ӧֱҵϣˮ
һ£ȴǲȻһµĲҲʱͣ
ӱ濴ƺһʲôȻֻԵʱ򣬲Żף򵥵һаźεȵĿֲ
ٶȣǳֵʱ۷壬ûüȴƫƫԼܣֶΣʵԶԼ֮ϣǾư첻ġ
˵֮УٴβĴ˳
׼ôʮϢʱ䣬ӹȥһεľԴˡ
ȻᣬȴҲûӣƱԷᣬƺ˲㱻ľɫ˲üΪѿ
¾ˣ
粢ûлشȻŪǰɰĲ豭Ƭ̣ŵڵϢ


 ʮ ƭȥ
Ϣ
ʱʵ̫ˣϵ˲˿ԥ
㲻ϣȴòϣԼԷסˣȻ̫˼ӶˣǣȴվǲԼСȥġ
һţת˲֮ٴԼĴϣĿ˸ս֪γƺ
ٴΰڵţҲʵ׷ʵ
ûʸ֪ȻŶûгû˿λħųӵ˼ɣ֪ӵݣսԹ

ҵķμֱҪըˣȴƫƫǲҷ
úǰԶԷʵԼ֮ϣǿԾֻ·ԴοԼѾڵţ˼һ˿˵ʲôıϸ֮ǰҲ治ҵ̫
֮£Իڣǣ
仰Ҷʱ˽ͷطȥ
һΣȴѹĴˣȻԹԵǰŪӣ·ʲô¶ûһ㡣
лӡֹңٵҲͬסˣЩηĿŷ磬һʱҲ֪˵ЩʲôֻǷл
ôһ̣ŷ·ηѣСĵԼؿڣͷ亹Сĵ̽ͷ˿棬ˣãˡ

⻰һȴǳ׽ŪͿˣӡոգ
Ȼǻİһֱ׳ӻشû涼¶ô
ǣոյϢٵӶʱһԺʵ
˵ߵĽϵƶʱֱƮԼ͸һĨơ
ͷ漴͵ѽϴıܹ͸ؽ׵ϢԲˬ
һ˲䣬˶ʱĿɿڴŵĿ򷽴磬ĿЦ
ţһΪ˾ǣԭҲǸ˵ģ⣬ǸҲ׷ģҪô죿ЩͷʹԴһΪѵ˵
˵ز˾С㣬ǻǿЩȥɡ˳ЩĿڵ
ǡ黹ü˵
С㣬ⶼʲôʱˣҵ̬ҲˣǱֱƭˣ˵ǾүСҲ߲ˡקűٵĸ첲Ȱֻлȥ棬ỹа취
˵һ仰ôСĵĿˣͻȻСڵ
˵ʲôĺ˷һۡ
ɫһٶʱǳô˵幫Ӹովǵ幫񣿡
Ǹôһ˵Ҳٶ죬ίίǷʶһʱʧԵ幫ӣ빫Ӷ
ããҲûʲôæҵķſڵʵ˵ǲ뿪
Ϊʲô⣬˳ʱ̲סüͷʵ̫Σˣ˼Ӧ뿪źá
Цһ£Ž͵Ҳ˳С㣬ѱҲˣҲЩ顣
ţǲסңһתͷܣڸ˼ңôһϿҵӽ͵ԵĲ˵ֻ׸ֳ̽ɲͳ¶ôʱֻ˭ܲ
ȻҲʲôˣֻһʱ˷磬⻰ȴǵ˹һһʱȴҲ˵
ǣǸô죿ѵɵ⣿̲סٴοʵ
Ѱ߲ãѵǰ취ˣ
ҳôĿܵһһǣ˵ûλħųϵĶǵλԳ棬¨ӿɾͱˡ
ˡҶһ䡭ھʵΣѵԷһ˼ɶûôǷʵģδȣܵҵϤߵźþһôߡ
̾ϢһٵĻ͵ԭҲСɣ˵ħſ⣬ȴҲڱһųвֻǣ֮ǰٳнѰ£ս֮£ʧأȻסţȴҲʵ𣬾ˣȴһλúָõģˣСҲǰˡ
΢˵ͷȴҲ˼֣룬漴ٴʵʲţᵽᵽСԪУ
⻰ʵʵľЩðˣϵ˼Ůӵ˽ôʳʵЩվҲܹ͵Ĺȥ
΢΢һ죬֪ڣһŹԻ¾߱ŮӣҴ֮ǰ˳ɻ飬ԪһʧΪ¡ҲΪ¾ԣ֮ǰ֮󣬲Żڶߡ
⻰ȴķһĿɿڴⶼʲô߰ĹôԽԽаţŮԪҲ̫˰ɣ
ѽôʲô취ζȹǰѹزǡĺһСԹ
ˡ΢ǷȻҲʿɶֹٶ˵
Ǳ˹ӡЩǸȻĿŷ磬
Сˡƺ뵽ʲô͵ҧҧ˵µҲѾû·ˣǸɴളһƭȥˡ
ƭȥ
һ˲䣬˲һʧŵĿ򷽴硣
ȻֵزƭȥСĵܵҲһȳ˱뿪ˡһƸ۵ļƣصͷ
ǣǣǾħųأ
ǾһƭԥĿڵСģзִ磬ȻЩðգȴΨһķˡ
Ȼʲô˼Ҫﱧ٣ֻ񣬷Ҫ̽ʵѰϹɱԵ취ħŶ༸˽⣬Ų״
νűٵ飬һõĻᡣ
ߣһ˵ĳʲô⣬ȴҲͬаȫˡ

ͨ
ǱĴ˷صϣҼûκԥֱ̱ڵй
٣ʦڱչأ˴š
йſڣұ㱻ȻսӣȴҲģսչصʱ򣬸ǽֹκ˴ŵġ
ʦ壬˵¡ԥһ£һ̲סڵ
סĲˣսĴӣħкպˣˡ
ʮ֮ǰ˾Ѿǵؽ۷壬ֻһ̤ˣ˽ʮֻò˶ãʽ̤ˡ
λʦ壬Ҳ˿Ĵ⣬
Ŷʲô£Ĵһңʵ
սɣֻôһӣƽǳ谮˵ҲԸ
ģҽһˡ˼·Ҷʱ뷽˵һ顣
ħ֮УԵҪ±ٶȡԪе£ҲûʲôһԵ˵˳
ʵϣһڵĵΣҲûзϣֻ˵ֶεʱɫ˼֡


 ʮ ͨ
Ƭ̣˿뵽ʲôʵ˵˶û
ǰǼһŵĺܣҲȫû޺޵һ䣬ҵͷ˵
ģٴʵ
ںϣ˶أֻƺȴҲûʲôҽĻشʦ壬£
˰֣ȴȻһˣֻӦڱôĻôҲ˵Ĺȥˡ
˵֮䣬ȴʱħŵǰ㱨үүƺŵˡ
⻰һͬʱɫ䣬ڶԷȴԽļɵ˼֡
֪սλʵħųڵϣȻҺ޹˼ɵϵ˵ûƾ裬˭ţ
̫ˣĪ浱ͨôֱۣ־Ҫȥƴ
ˣüͷȻһ˳ڵ·ȥ
ԼѾ˲²⣬ǣȴҲܵȥźãһλﲻġ

ӣͿˣ
ͨǰȴδ⻹Щŷǰȵ涼ֻģȴôĲ
ƭˣȵðԼƭҡȣϵȴȻΪ֮һ䣬Կڵסˣʲô£һжơ
ҲܱǷǵסȻҡȣ߳˴գ彣ֳȣһȻѹӵɣ͸֮ɫһȻûκ˷еļơ
ȻƮϸֻ꣬񣬴ɡȴ˳Ǳˡ
˿̵ıȴһ֮ǰɣٲȻһ
⵺ϵľɫҲ£ҲգȻˣԱСסպˡ̧ͷ˿Χľɫһӣ˵ͷʩʩȻ˰
ΧȻħŵţҵķԸȴҲû˭ģ֪ĿȥΪǶǵϵСˣ⹧ӭ˻ء
֪ηѵͨˣħˣʧԶӭ
߲ŸոϰֻԶһХת˲֮䣬ֻҸһ
ǹһ˿ЦȴҲ𻰣ֱԷ˸ǰŲҡȼսأǺôļӡ
һ仰ֱսΪδӭӣȴǶʱ˶ʵľз絲ǰ棬ɡڵЩҪվˡ
ʹǣϵȣ˵ͫȻһĿʵ
ұ˵ˣҪ˭սԹࡣһ絭
ʦ˹ؼʱڱչأʵڲҴšԥһ£̽ʹӣħˣ
ϻ̫ˡ͸һĨɭȻɱȻһϣ̤һһɵؽ׵ϢȻͷŶԼһ˿ɱɱ⣬ȴǶʱȻ׼˾˰벽
˵֮ǰ˻һ˿ɵĻôⴿɱһȴǶʱһɲĸо룬ʱ˴𰸡
뵽λݣ˶ʱеּ֣ȴҲòӲͷƤӭӣɫˣӲڵסΣʦҲһգأʱȻӡ
һǿ˵ͷҲգǱʱϢһ°ɣУ˵ץ˱ٵĵܵܣд£
䣬ȴȻתˡ
㣡Լҵĵϣʣɫ࣬ĺǳ⣬ȴȻקһ£
ǼʦΨһӣǳ谮ﲻ֮빫Ӷ
ˣƺѹûпҵգȻĿڵ·ڷԸһ㡣
ӾȥϢһ磬ұ֤Ĵס˵ңӦ
⣬ĵ˵ͷҲǷɫԹԵȥ
Ȼ˷ԸģȻħŵӴ·Ҳ˲ˡ
ֱԶŲ޵ĶŽʵʦ壬СӾʲôˣҲô
ˣҺ֣Ҳ²λҪɱ㣬ʦҲáɫ˲˿û˿Ц˼
ôһ˵ҲŵǱһȻ˵̬ȣ֪ԷȻǵؽǿߣǣ˵ԼүүסԼ⻰ɾ˵̫Ȼ׸֣ҲھΪħųϵսɣ
һ£Сĵʵʦ壬ʲôˣҲ˼ɣ
ϧȣѵûô̾Ϣһ΢΢ҡͷһ䣬ȴҲңսչصйȥ
ȴ룬һ仰ȴǲû
ϧħţ˭᲻֪λħΨһ״ӣ̤˵ؽ׵ľţ˵ܹͨ棬Ĵڣ˭ӣ
Ҫǣλıվŵģħ
ħ˵ǿ󣬵ҪʱĺȴȻλƽջµħ˭ħ˼ҲԶˡ
ϧ٣һħųϣ˼ҲӦġ
սݸƺ죬ʵϣħ֮Уȴʵ̸жߵĵλ
ڴ֮ǰսħ涼ûΡ
˰ŵһµСԺ֮УħŵȥԷȥʰӡ
Ĵһ£ûʲôĿžδ£ˣ
ֱ˿̻лȻһ亹Щеĸо
ʱûʲôˡ̽ȷϲ͵ſ˵ռ֮Ҳмǲ͸©ҵԽ֪Խãһ¶˭߲
ӷģ׵ġ֣صĵͷӦ

壡
صй΢ԥһ£վҡڽ£֪ͨս
վԼĪһյʱ䣬йĴŻ򿪡
ɡ
һЩͳСĵĽйºϡ
ʦ𣡡
ʲô£΢΢۾Ϸϣʵ
ԼӣսǺ˽ģûзǳֵ飬ǶȻʱԼġ
ʦϧӿܵ˵ϡҲʲôȦӣ΢Ƿش
˵ʲôһ˲䣬ս۾ȻĶˣ׵Ȼ͸ѹЩ͸
˿˶ʱ˵ԼԼ֮ʵʵ˵һ飬ȻԼδϣּ߳ɵĿϧӡӲѾȰڵסʾʦ𡣡
΢һ£սŻڵ֮ǰҲһ棬ʱֻһ꣬ôȥ仯󣬼ңҲδܹϵóˡ


 ʮ ս̽
ʮǰսųλ֮£õħټʱҲֻǸʮĺӣֻȴѾչֳ˾˵츳ħϲһֱߣսȻҲͬһ档
ֻʱ꣬ӡ󱾾Ͳ̫̣˱仯ִȻǲϵĳˡ
òô仯һȴǲٵģǼ٣ҪԹ֪
ʵϣսҲû̫ɣϾðħˣһ¶Ʊر֣֮ӵĺҲ㲻ħһŭ
սɻģλħˣΪʲôͻȻݣΪεԼͨϡ
Щͣȴһֶŵģħˣϧ֮ģҲΪһŮڳôԼΪС޴ñ˶֣ħ¾ֱӳĨɱֵˡ
ǰһ鱨ϧƺڱ׷ѰϹɱֻȴ۽ʧܣδ۽õУ˿ȴͻȻѵ˵۽䵽ݣ
ʱ򣬱ǱߵϢûü۽˵ֻûսȴǺ֪ġ
ԥһ£սſڵ֪ˣȥɣҪϧӡһ磬Իȥλħˡ

СԺȻ£Ƿȴ࣬ңԷαװݣȻǲסƫġ
ȻЩԸȴҲĲŷŪϴˮ̺ôŷȥԡ¡
ʰ߰˼ҲһᣬֵزҲû·ֻŷˡ
幫ӣ񵤶żѵĸЧ빫¡ԥڻǽһƿ˳
Ȼǵãʱپ¶Ϊ뻻صܵܣֻǲȴǱҾܾˡ
ˣȴҲܹ񵤵ˣȻøԼȴ÷Ҳ΢΢һ
·𿴴˷˼Ҳȷش𣬱ٱ㾶˵Ǳ˹ӣ񵤱Ǳ׼ܵģ񣬹ӸðΪΪ꣬빫ӲҪƴǡ
΢һ£ȴҲ˱ٵ˼ϣ񵤸лԼʵϣȴǾǧ֮⡣ɫԼҪʲô˼
һˣȴǲȻһЦ΢΢ҡͷȻˣұȴ֮ˡ
񵤣һɫٱ㲻ŹϢˡ
뿪ȥƫϢ
翴е񵤣ȴҲʧЦν¾ߵԪʵȴȫȻûʲôȤġȻƺջܵõŮʵڷʶȴܾʵķʽʵ̫аδرһǺ¡
οԷӣ͸ʲôŮ˷ϵ
ڱ٣ʵϣǸһֱû¶սǷȤġ
ЩЦĵһö񵤣ϸһЩ̺ȴҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ԭΪĵҩڵؽϵǿӦòʲôáȴû뵽񣬷Ҳܴиܵһ˿
ȻԼİ̫󣬵ǣˣ籾;ͨҩѧ֮ǰһֱûнӴĵҩõȴһİоа˵ܹԼҵ취ƸõĵҩҲ˵
һˣʱе£ϸеÿһ˿仯
ֽⵤҩоɷݣƷʽЩеİȴҲͬ˿١
һҹʱɿȥŷ˶񵤵оջ㲻Էҩѧ⣬ʱڣȴҲûܳ˼·ȴؿˣԼѾһоķֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ƽ񵤵İҲʲôܵ顣
Ϊֵز첻˯Ͳ˿Ӱ죬ʰһ£峿µ⣬̤СԺС
Ҳ˰СʱңԼо˻
ɹ٣籾֮ĸ򣬸Ǿ׼࣬ǿߣ籱ǵǿߣҲܹ֪ġ
ϼȻˣβһ
ƣĽĿ䵽ǰĿУȻڵ
δӵʵȻѾȵزս
ԭһɻ󣬴˿̲ɢ˼֣ȻƣսȴҲ£Ц¶Ρ
⻰ҲܣʵϣսıԹ۲һ·磬ģȴŸոյֱӱʶˡ
һСֶζѣ΢ȻһЦҡͷϣ˴αչأջô
̸ʲôջ񡣡ҡҡͷս⣬֪Ӵ˴ǰΪ£
˵Ĺ򣬱Ҳͬ˳
ֻڷ磬Ǽսʱ򣬿ɾЩľս֪Ǻˡ
ֻʳָ˶ѡĿսһۣڵسӦ֪˵˭
ԭҶֶѣӼȻԸ˰ǡüͷ΢΢һ˼Ŀһ۱٣սڵ
ˣлˡ˿Ϊ⣬˵ͷ·ⱾӦһ㡣
˴̸֮أ빫ҵйһΣһƣս΢Ц
ͷ˱һۣŵ˵ͷԸҲ
Ҳ໰羶ȥ
죬ȴվǲҶ˵ʲôȴͣսʲô
ת֮䣬ս㽥Զ
ŹĻӰ裬ǱȱȽųΣƳ˷һۣսͻȻ
Ȼ˵赭дȻȴҲףԷڽ̽ˡ
ȻһЦȴҲƴǣһ糤Ը
ӰȻǲģ־¼٣ģ³һ˿ӰĸоȴҲδʲô£ϾɲսֻǱٶȶѡ
ֻҪӰҲķܲȥ
ǻµ˲䣬־ȻչǴһ˿Ц⣬˲Ϣ֮ȻӰرйķȥ
ò˵־ȷʵǷģ֮£ȴҲ߰˷ơ
ϸ΢仯ͬӰˣǺѲġ
սȻΪħųϣӰȴħѧôܻᣬֻ˵ضѡ
񣬷ʩչ봫ƣٶȸտտȵͨǿߣȻľȥ˷ݡ
йߵľȻ̫ڷսȫ·֮£Ҳ˲Ϣ
սͬʱйſͣ£һЦȻ̤й֮С
֮ǰߵۿֲٶȴҲȻһݡ
ң뵽ԼȻҸλа壬ͷϱ㲻͵һ亹Ʒµһ˿֮ɢĸɸɾ


 ʮ ̫֮壡
Ȼֻǵؽ׵ʵսȴҲдй뷽£ųʣӴ˴εν£
ûڳս֣µѯʡ֮ǰЩͣȴȫŵġ
豭ЦЦĿڵܼ򵥣Ҫʵ
Ŷüͷ΢΢һ壬սЩΪѵҡͷ֮ʲôݾߣЩҲΣ棬Ӻαؼһʱ
ƽȻɼȴǹ˲ˡ΢΢ҡͷһ˿ɫϼȻ֪ݣԸףЩ׷Ѱʲô
һ仰ڣȴǶʱսȻɫ䣬Ŀŷ˵۽ݣ
չҡ˼£΢΢ףϹɱһս⵽Χòʱ۽ֻ񣬵õ۽ʵǡ׻õ۽֮ǰأҲûлõ۽ˡ
ʹӣ۽䵽˭һ£սڻ̲סʵ
ϿôҡȣȻʵ
磿΢ЩսȴǲЦ뱱֮ʵ̫ԶȻڱѾһʱݣȴҲʲôš
ƺս⣬΢΢ҡͷţò˼գֱᴫ˵Ķģұ֤ݶסֵġ
⻰ɾ˵ʵЩˣ۽սҲмˡ
ֻеɻȴǸ˼֣˵Լ˵ʲô˼
ңѾĶˡЦһ£̾ϢұҪԼʵһηԾ򣬱ûʸȥ׷۽ˡ
˵⣬һ£Ҳδȥ͡磡ϸֻǾĿս
Ȼ䣬սƺͻȻʲô򷽴Ϊڵ̫֮壿
ȴһĿ䵽սϣȥ
ʵϣ粻֪սҲЩȣ漴ڲ¾֪٣
ֻ˵߽Ůˣ֮ǰʧԪһʧޱһΪ¡챧˵˵
ǲ˶Ŀ˵ѣѰŮӣ˲¾ҲܴɡõǵԪڵؽϵĸҲʲôá΢΢ҡͷսŽ͵¾ʦרΪ̫֮崴ľ
̫֮壬ûв¾ûܻʮꡣȷ֪Щս͵¾ȴȷж컯̫֮֮٣Ի޵ҽ̫֮תΪʮ˳ͻƵؽ۷壬һ̤ףʱΪ֮ǿߡ
һȣ˵̫֮塭һ˲䣬Ȼ뵽ʲôжʱ͸һ˿âסս
˵ͷսشܵõ̫֮Ԫʵһ̤ף
̫֮Ѿ̤أ뵽¾ᵽģ֮ǰʧٴʵ
ȻһЦսҡͷ̫֮ʣǼƾ¾̤ףǱǿߣħԳ֣ʤҲ˵֮䣬ȻӮҲû¶Է˵Ԫˡ
һ£սҡͷң˵һﵽף̫֮ľ᳹׻⣬תΪʵʧȴԪҲ̫ʧˡ
ԶԪַʽʵ㲻ôüͷٴʵ
ڣȻ֮Ȼ̸ϣľȻҲǱҪϵģ֮£ȻữΪɻҡ˵⣬սٴο򷽴ʮǰΪ̫֮ŻսֱֻҲûܷ̫֮ա
Щر˵ǷˣǱٿҲȫȻ֪ս˵Ƿ磬ҲΪ֮ݡ
Ҫʵ취ҵ̫֮ķʽŷ磬ս˵Ȼ̫֮壬ǴԣҷЩһֱ̣¾Ϊ˵̫̤֮ס⣬һԡ
ò˵飬ʵżջԣǷ磬Ҳһ˿̰
ͷһת㳹׷ˡ
Ȳ˵ķʽʵǷ治û̫֮Ҳ˵֮ء
̫֮֮˵վ̫Ʈ죬֪ϣɻʵİ취
Ƭ̣սſЦſڵ֮⣬±ֻѰҽȡҩˡ
ҽһ֣ȴǲ΢΢һ̲סʵϿ֪ҽ䣿
˵Цˣҽٲֻܿô֪ҽ䡣һ£սֲڵҲвٶҩʵҲŲЧ
ᵽȴǶʱ񵤣ҹԼоһҹԼѾһЩͷܹҵĸѧϰһ£Ӧܹ̤żˣʱһܹԼ鵤ʵһ
뵽⣬жʱΪ֮һһڵͷ
˵ΣӶõһˡ΢΢ףȻһȣ
ô˵ô࣬սʵϣΪ뷽ħˣĹϵȻѾ˾ȻԹۡ
ȻһЦȴѾ˼ƽϣȻˣһϷɡ
ŷϵЦ⣬սЩʵ

ңЩСүҲƭҽġǿƫͷݺݵĵżԼˡ
ѾıˣȻȴȻһư֮⣬ͬһͷСʨӡ
ƽգЩħŵһȹȥˣֻǣȴǵҵ˿ҵƾСӺҲᡣ
飡
ԼԺˣٶʱ߳ӣһ۱ϳ˵ܵܣʱ
㣿٣۾ȴǶʱͺѺħŵӣ쵰ǾȻץҽ㣬Ҫɱ㣬ɱǡ
飡
ȻҵķԸ㻹֣ȴҲɼ֣ʱħŵӽϿ
ϾֻǸ꣬ʵҲֻѣֱĥ˶գﻹʲôת۱㱻Ʒˡ
֣ǷſҵܵܡĴǰֹ
Щħŵȴۿ˽뱧͹ģȻΪѱ٣Ա㵱˿ȥ
ӣѾˣˡ
һ֣ħŵȴҲĽ˳Ժӡ
㣡٣Ȧʱˣ˽㣬Ǽܡ
үģСɲǱץġ̲סһ죬һ£ż˵ΣǣǸһһλ˹ģò˶þ뿪ˡ
ŷĶûнʵ߼飬ֻǷܵĴ˹ȥ
Ȼ֪Σټǵȷ˹һõĿʼǣ
̾ϢһȴǲԾĿ䵽йķ򡭡


 ʮһ Ҫߣ˭ң
۵糸֮䣬սЦͬһԺ֮УۿűٵôϷֻһ䣬Ƿ﹫ӵŮˣ
һ仰һȴǵ㽫ˣľȻսʶҡͷ
ͬʱڸ˱ٵԱߡ
ҾݳȻȴ룬ȴڣ㻹кλ˵սںټ˵ɫĿ⻺䵽ϣżЦԼ
ûӦҲǱӵˣѵ㲻𣿡ȴüͷûգһ£˻ȥ
ֱ˿̣ȻӦ˵¾Ϊƭս֮ǰ뵽ôˣ˵ŮӵǺεҪԻڡ
ֻ뵽ǰ¶ܸ÷ҲأȴҲδЩΣ̧ͷٿ硣
һˡüͷһսЦȻݲսӣѵ費ɣ
һ˵ĿνɱȻƣһԲϱ㶯ֵ˼
ȴȻ壬ǹһ˿ЦôĪҶ֣
⻰һȴǶʱѱٵһûɤħųϣǿ߰ô͸ƣҲİ
ֻȴϣսɫȻѿȴҲδŭֻ֣ЦħˣȻҸӶ֡һƣ޷ǻԴϷɱŮ˱ǡ
ԴɱŮˣ⻰ȴͬƴһݺУףսǿУҲǲݽѣû˿˼ɡ
вң͸һ˿֮ɫɭȻڵ
ô붼޷οԹӵݣŮཻħ֪£ħҲ᲻ϲɣսȴ˿ûں˼ԹԵĿڵ¾ȻǴŮ׶ѣڹӸûκôҶܵԪɽ̤ؽסҿǹڱҰɣ
ԣɫȻĲҰףڵ룬ұҲ衣
ɲ㡣мһսûϷĻᶼУ
⻰˵赭дев֮ȴ˲ɲоڵвǿʵЧвһս˵սҪֹ׵ʵɱĻᶼС
Ϻô磬ӱվţҵҪ˭ڱǰһëһ̤չмߵ
ҪţҲɵ㣬ҵҪǷܻһһ⻰һ˵꣬սȴĴǣһת㾶뿪СԺ
ֱսԶͬʧȥȫһ㣬̱˵ϡ
㣡ıס٣
ȽݣСĵĻͷһۣԸ
Ƭ֮䣬뼪űٻص֮Укᣬŷһлֻµ񣬱ҲΨ־ˣ빫ܴ뿪
Ҫ㣬Ҫʱ㼱ŵűٵĸ첲һа취ģ㣬㲻ҪҰ
ͻȻʲôʱת뷽㲻ħôһа취ĶԲԣ
ԭҪ˵ħˣֻðģֻ˷ĶŰѺĻȥʲô취սϾʵħųϰħ˭
ҧҧͻȻվ͸һ˿ᶨ֮⣬ٹˣҲš
ߣ⣬ٶʱһŵĿ򷽴硣
ٹȻڵˣǱȥԸһ·ͣأصڣսҲܲٸˡ룬ߣھߣҵҪûš
һ̣ǱǸҲΪ֮ݣǲ֪ˣֻ̬ȣҲ벻Ȼֻ֮һжαװİɣ
һˣͻȻЩɣһе涼ֻװô٣ζ벻ܹͨƭսװħ˵ġ
ȻҪ˵ţħȴҲǾԲܵġ
Ĳ˵ɱˣ籾Ӻоģôµʵݣôܻ䵽ֵز
ò˵ΪĹʵڸٹ̣˭ܹ׶ҡġ
ڼʲô֪ģȻǲܿ˿ģҴҵı٣ŷȥ
ӣ
̤СԺʱħŵСĵǰȴĽ·ס
¶һ˿Ц⣬ɭȻڵʲôҲӵ·
벻ҪΪǣûгϵ
ħŵӻû˵꣬Ȼһ˸ͷмĿڵһųϣսҲӵ·
Щħŵӣ絥ְڽϣؽ׵ϢȻ͸ʱ˱ƿԹԵǰȥ
ǿ̬ȴǶʱЩħŵסˣһʱ䣬˵·
̶̲ʮӵʱ䣬űٵˣ˺ߡ
ȴѾߡ
üͷȻһɭȻ㵹ǺõȻڱǰ֡
ӡڷ磬ҿǲκƢˣʵʵĻһ䣬ſڵ֪ҪߣԸһ·档
棿Цһ£漴ǼӰɣű뿪Աٶô㵹Ǻôĵӣ㲻±ն㣿
˵ЦˡһΣ˵˱ǰһЦŽ͵ǺεݣӦúʦͬ۸С
һñӿͬʱҲѷ磬ݲ׶ҳ֣򣬱Ǳսƴˡ
Ȼؽ۷ĸ棬Ȼ붯ֻ֣Ҳδػжʤ㡣
һȴ̤˻ӵĴûʸϡ
ȻЦһ£ҲǷӦˣ׼ôֻǸϹӣ𱣻ӵİȫ
ǣ
µ˲䣬ʱħŵӴӦͬʱԱߵĴ˸ȥ
㷣ȻʱȴҲû˿·ˣҧҧڻǸԾ˴
ߣԸһ䣬ȴǾ̤˴֮Уٲˡ

ʦ壬Ҫһֱ˴ȴҲһСʵ
ҵ˼ȴû˸˼ٿűٵɫԪҲܲаħˣӿɾʹˡ
˲ħţܲħζʲô
Ҫ֪ħͲʲô֮дţǳ谮мӣ˭ΪѰ
˵ħˣЩνмҵֵģ
οﱾʵѾֲˣҪ֪Ǵ֮䣬ؽǿ߿Ű
΢΢ҡͷģʦţȥˣ£
˵ĵõսԶˣԼȴҲ֪¿´ͷβ롰˵˼ֻЩȴǲ˵ġ
Ҳֻһһˡ


 ʮ ɽ
дһ·֮ϣҲ֪˼ΣȻôڣȴĸȫûз˼
񣬾Ҳյ·̡
Ƴһ۸ֹǵӻ湻ģȻһ·׷ء
űӣ֮̾ϢҲûκΰ취ֻȻˣģڸ֮ǰҲ뿪ġ
лӣ¶һ˿ж֮ɫڲħţȴҲڱСסֻ£սҲ֮Ǳ鷳ˡ
ȻҪطˣȻȴȻûܹɵĸоѹþòɢЩ
סǾ仰ҵݣԽ֪Խãüһ˿֮ɫ̲סٴζ
ӷģá鲻׷˼Ǳȴ֪͸©粢ƭħˣôһȴƱػ۷֮ء
ϾħŵˣǶԷ˶֣ڵ̬ȣǾԲģһ㣬ٱκ˶
΢΢ףŲ˵ȡСĵķо
ȴ֪ľٶ䵽УȴԽ϶ûеؽʵ뷨ϾȻЧʵϣڵؽǿ߸ʲôЧ˵ħˣЩˡ
ȻҲʲôֻǣЩӵо񵤵ԣҲһЩȽʶڷ˵Ҳͬһܡ

ڷǸڵͬʱǱߵϢҲڴ˹ȻʱûзĻǣʣѾһЩԵֶΣҲѾˡ
һʱ䣬𶯣ɶɳĴ̽ϢЩǿߣҲһǾ֣뾡һа취ʼѰһ۵
ò˵۴˵вʵ̫ˣЩǿߣǱѹ
һ״ңӣǺεȿֲʵۣ˭ܹ
ʵϣħŵڣǵϹɱ򴫳ˣҲû
ѡĴˣʱбɱĶ
·ҲͬϢʱ򣬷ףԼĴ٣ʽչˡһ𣬲򲻵ѣԭЩõֶΣҪˡ
֨
ͣɽ£žѣԭ֪֮䣬ȴѾ䵽ڵɽ֮⡣
ɹȻһЦҡȴűһɽȥ
ʦ㣿Ǳʦˡ
̤ɽţʱڵϳ˱٣ӭ
ʦ㣬ǻˣЩӣʦ嶼Ҫˣ׼ҪɽءһŮǰűٵ˵ŷ˷İףʵʦ㣬˭
λ幫ӣζֻұزˡ˵ٵԼ͸һ˿ˮ
л幫ӡŮϸĴһ·磬
үҲˣʱע⵽ͷļ飬˷ܵĺ˳̫ˣʦ㣬㾹ȻİѼүء
ǰħЩ쵰ô˵ģ
ôĵӣħ֮ˣڣ˻쵰ô٣һںҶʱЦ
һڲҪȴǶʱЩڵ˸ǺһսСҶ
Щһ·ҲǱѣֻǣηĿɲʲôƨڣǷѣ
ڵӾȻԲѷսֱӽЩӵ˳Ͳ
ʲôҲħţҿǻĲͷˡ
һ˲䣬ڵĵӶʱ˳˼žɲĿ١
ǿЦ֮ɫܣ鷳ˡ
ֱ˿̣ЩڵĵӲ׹ԭԷȻ׷űһ·ġ
ޣħԵǴ˴Ͼɽţţ
ڻ̲סǳ
͵ķ˷ۣҲмЦΣү۵ͷΣҵҪЩʲô£ҲҸҶ졣
ôӲӲģԣȴǶʱڵĵЩηˣĲ˵ϣȶԷһ
⣬ȴǲҡҡͷֲʽ΢Ըɽű˼裬ȻҴȥֻɣѾʧˡ
ֻǵʱ򣬷ȴҲѾͷˣϾǽŶԷ輰ħŶѡϣħˣħҪͷͷ֮һԴ͵ĵ
үĪǵΪô˵ֵزȴ̲סǳŭĿӣиƴ֮ơ
΢΢һ̧ͣͷ˷һۣվûҶȥֻһֶЩڵĵӡ
ò˵ٵĳţЩڵĵ˲ģħŵļһףʦһô
ȻȻ֪˼ɵ˭ģûзڳƾһ仰ֻ¾͵ñҳͲɡ
ʵȻͬʱףǱȴλħųϵĶˡ
ߣ
΢΢ҡͷڵһеȼʦ˵
ģٱӦշ˵ɽȥ
ȻֻʵЩȴѾϰԵİѷ統Ĺǣ鷳ȻȻľͻᰴշķԸȥ
Ҳʮӵ·̣˱̤֮С
ɽˮԼǳ仯̤֮һ̣Ƿ磬ҲȻһĸоһϢԾĽĿ䵽ڵ壬·֮ϡ
·ǿƽ·֮Уʲô֮ζһ㡣
ȷ˵ֻڡ
ħţǰɽ
û˿ͷ¶β˼һְؽ۷ȻͷŶʵȻڡ
Ե
һ˱㽫ħŵİչݣǰ⣡
һħţһˣ
·֮ϣһϵһ̣ߵӰȻǰһӿ̤¡
΢˸Ҿй˵ڣȴҲȫȻûپ⡣
ֻǵؽ۷壬ҪǿĶ࣬ǣʵϣ˵ΪѾʱ̤ˣֻǰٵ壬ųٳٲδ̤һ
ټսڱȴҲԲһס
֪Ϊ£ƽĿˣƺҲ߳ʵ
ʦңĽڱٹѾã˴ʦǰ飡
üͷûգһ£ָߵңڵ


 ʮ Ȼ
ƻ飡
ŵ˵˿˾ȷıƻ飬˵ιûʣʵϣβʵ
˭֪νĽ˵ǳͼߣǱٵԪѡ
ƨΪ˽Ԫô˵ֱ׳̲ס˳
Ҵ˵ʲôҲأһ˿âȻ䵽ϣһ˲ȴǶʱѹİ˵ϣʹ
ʵ˵ѹʵЩ̫ǿˣûһ˿ء
αغһӼƽϣһʶ黤סжȥѹ
ȻҲǲмٴγֵģתߵδңǷӦ¡
ܴӦǸδģԲܴӦһ˲䣬ΧڵӶʱһء
Ѿϵһˣڵӵľ֧£Ǳ㳹͸ڵӵģֻھֱ֮ҲͲԶˡ
£ɣ
߻ش·֮ϱȻһֹװ䣬һԹӣ⣬ֻǼ򵥵һ仰ͬ׹뺮̶֮һ㣬衣
Ȼ⵭ĸ֣䵽ĶУ˲˾κˣ·綼֮һ㡣
̿ͶԼжžԵšȻһ̣ȴֱԼˣĿ䵽·֮ϡ
һֻ̣һŮͬеһ㣬̤ɫ¹⻺·֮߳ʤѩɫ˿
Ůӵĳ֣·ƬǰȻʧɫһ㡣
һ˲䣬˵жʱ͸һ˿֮ɫĶͻȻֵŮӡ
棬ôˣṲ̊·壬ߵ¶һ˿ɬ̾Ϣ
ʦΪʮίҲ˽ˡĿתߣ΢һ˿ůɫŮֻǣȴٲܼȥˣټֻ±㵱Ҫɢˡ
ֱ˿̣ڵĵҲ඼δܷӳɵĿŮӣ͸һ֮ɫ
Ǻˣڻ̲סȿڵ
ڣ־档ƽڣŮӵû˿Ĳʣµֻ䡣
Ů˵ܴڵ˼ٴתߺʵ
־һۣ漴Ȼ̳ˣ˵ĻȻ֮־
ãһ˵ȻˣֻڲҪΪ֮ºڸǣ
͵һת˱Ҫȥ
ֻûü뿪ֻ־浭ڵ
ӻкλ˵Ȼ־棬ĮȻڵ
ˣ磬ҪôδҲ̫д˰ɡ־û˿æ֮ɫֻǾڵ·һжֻѰлһ㡣
Ȼһ仰ȴǶʱóϵΪ֮һ䣬΢΢һ㶣漴̲סЦ
СˣӼȻҪǱ㾡ܶԣĳҲʶһֶΣ
£Ȼһ䳤ȻʣɭȻȻ͸΢΢һħĴϷӿ͸һɱ⡣
Ȼδ־֣ƾֱ˱ܸоԷƱԼУǷѹ˿֮¡
һ֣˱ȫ֣û˿⣬ֱӱಫ
䣡
һָ죬־浭Ȼӿ³򵥵ֱ֣һ¹Ȼ·֮£˲Ϣ֮Ȼˡ
ħ֮أ
ͫȻгȻȻΪһħӰ֮ѤĺɫâϢΪһâ˺أ
䣡
գ֮䣬ڿкݺײһħӲ¹˺һӣȴվ޷׽֮նϣֻħ֮ϢȻڿбѣȻȴ·֮µ¹ȴ·޾һ㣬ոտնһ㣬и¹ⲻϣն֮
һ˵ȻʵϣһεĽҲֻ˲Ϣ֮ˡ
գ֮䣬˱Ȼ¹ɣֳֳһ˳߲ǿվΣ
֮ⲻ·ȥһ˿Ѫۣڵ
־浹Ҳڣ·֮£սҲδܹʤң㲻ֻͬǵؽ۷壬ûǸʸ棡
͸һĨɫɭȻڵһڣȴϾȻص֮Ҫ˵Ǻڳܲ𣡡
һ̣˲սħŵв٣
һ˵ʵѾʱ̤׵ĳ̶ȣ߲Ѷɶѣǵǿ٣ڶɽ٣ԼȻˣȴҲƱػڴһƽ١
Ȿֶ֮Ρ
ˡ·Ͳһ㣬־ɫȻģұûҪ㣬ھʲô֮أǿħҲһ
һЩ־˵˵ҪΪвҲ¸㣬޷Ǳƾ渶һЩۣǿĨɱѣʮɰܹ㳹֮ǰɱţ㾡ԣ
һ仰ȴǶʱ˶סˣ˿ǵؽ۷壬ʱ̤׵ǿߣ٣ҲǶ̶̼ʮϢڣɽô̵ʱ֮ڣɱˣսԳֿҲ
ԷҲһͬؽ۷Ůӣô͸ҷܹ
˵Ŀ˸Լȴһ˿Ȼ֮ɫɭȻ־档
·𿴴˵˼־ƽڵˣһ֮Ƿܹ֮ǰɱ㣬үֻ¶ˡ
ввҲò˵вǳЧ
˴˴δҳһҪ񣬾Ǳ֤ҵİȫΪһʱͽҵһ⡣ǾȪ֮£Ҳսˣ
һ˲䣬һ˿֮⣬ɢ˴롣
ֻ־־棬ܺãסˣպұһս
Ȼһţ˶ʱסң廯ΪһħӰת˲ɽͶȥ
ĽǴ˷ԭļƻ࣬Ȼ˿̵ķȴ·ûвһһ㡣
ҲΧڵӵĿ񻶣ֻǸ߸ϣ̤ŮӵӰ˫֮УƺİˣֻȺ֮УȴǸûκע⵽
־桭һ̣·ѾҲоΧһˣֻһӰӡ
һ̣ܹĸоһѪӿѾ˺ͷȴӲȥ
Ȼ
Ȼ


 ʮ 壡
幫ӣ
ھܷڣЩһֱĵӷ·һейڣһ˷㵸
ܣ־Ȼص·֮ϣδЩӶ˵ʲôȻʣڣ־ȻΪڵеż
ңȫԤò˶ãֱ쳹ݡ
һ£ȻعѹĵףָǸȻı顣
ôˣ
ûʲôЦһ£漴͵ֻû뵽λֹ绪ʵȻҲ˿ֲ
ǰʦЩǳҲûмΣȴ룬ʵȻѾֵزʵڵĴҡᵽ־棬ҲǺ˷ܣͷ
һ̾Ϣ粢δشֻҡͷЩˣܷҸطϢһ£
û˿ɣʮİգ־棬ԼǰһǸŮˡҲǸԼذ״Ůˡ
ֻ˭û뵽ȻҲԼһԽˣңȻòûб仯
ЩʶС뷽һģһԷļжͲϴ顣
һˣʵû˿Ĳ
ĽƺЩѪȻϸϸҲȻˣʵʵûΪ㲻žͲڡȻԼܹԽôȻҲпܴԽ
ֻǣµ񣬷Ҳ֪Ӧˡ
ԭһ£ѾԼĳױ⣬ֻȴ벻վѩߵȻпһʱ嶯شڣǷȴòϣѩѾС
Ȼٴο־ʱ򣬷ȴȻǻ쳣ʹԭԼδ
ͷ˵ܷܳ¡
Ȼ˵Լڸϣ
̾Ϣһŷ֣ԼѾû˺ޣԼһƣԼҲͬذ״˵Ƿˣٴط꣬һµĿ֡
粢־ϳԼһԼǴԽ˷ǻϣòһͬ򣬶ڴ̿ͣԼĶֻҪģ־Ҳϵĳ
صٰŵķ䣬ڴϣãǳƽ
̫֮塣
ӿ³⼸֣ȻԷȻս˵̫֮壬ҲֻĽͣ˵ͨΪʲôڻһֱѩ
ؽ۷壬ңò˶þ̤ףʣһȻ쳣ޣ֮ͬУ֮ˡ
ǷԼʵϣҲûбʤİա
ô˵ǱҪ취ڵģɱҪ䵽ٵˡ

ֻ֣Ҳƭġűٽľ˵һ飬Цϧȣħ˵֣Ҳ˵ͨˣݣͲסս
ҡҡͷ漴ڵҵǺܺ棬ôƭսǸϺġ
ʦ˵᲻ǡȻ֪ܷǳСǱȴȻ̲סʵ
ܣҡҡͷȻħҲǿߵĸ֪Ǿ棬׿καװϢʱҲڳϧͱϳˡ
£µжȻдǣȴҲ벻۽Ե۽Ϣ˵һˣǱңڲ࣬ҲԿ˿
ô˵һζӲܵüǡ΢΢ǷȴҲûѷƭϡ
˵ͷ漴ͷʲôҪֻҪΪʦΧ֮ڣصһΡ
±ǵؽ۷ʵڳ֮һ統ֻʵȻæϲæġر˵ѾǷǳˡ
ȻˣȻȥˡл£漴ˡ
ˣסھ飬ҪҴ룬»̲סԸ
־飬Ҳ֪飬ֻǿŽ飬Լµ˼֡
ûô־Ĵڣ;ڵĽɣԼɵĵӣҲֹҴ֪̫࣬Բʲô顣
ף־ֵʱ򣬱پף־ɱϣȻ֪йؽڣȴҲʡǸղԼʦҲҲһ䶼ûô

գ峿
ѧŷ磬ٶʱһĿɿڴЩԼǲˡ
Ҫ֪ȻһЩҩܹٶȣһ;ʵȴ̫ң츳ҪҲͣŵ˵ЩѾע̫ˣŻȥѡѧϰܹƾռһϯ֮ء
ǣЩ츳ˣǶȻʱ仨֮ϵˣϾޣû˭Ը˷ʱȥоϾɲһһϦܹɹģţ뾫ͨҲһӵʱȥоС
ӣҪҩٿԾౡ֮ʶΪҪҩٶʱڵ
ٹܰһΣѵܰһôЦһ£漴ҡͷңұҩѧһЩоȷʵǶȤȫ
ԥһ£վǴӦ
ͣҲֻʵ˵ϵ츳ʵ㲻̫ãתҲδزǼ¡
ߣŲҪԣ壬ﳤϵƢΪŹֻ֣ʱܽǸϳȥ
˵֮£̲סٴѵ

ͷŴŷ̤ϵ壬ʦ壬
ǽأûﳤϵĻǵĵӣҲû˸롣
Ȼ²ٵĻʱﳤЦŴӦѾͷôʱ䵽ôƭ˼ҵĵҩɡ
΢΢һɣŷ˵ͷŴŷƿţ˵
ոսţһŨҩҩĻӶɵҩζܸӣԷֱ棬ֶصζȴƫƫĿ·񶼺˲١
ףС˭磬ﳤϺʵĪѾͷôʵ̫Щ
ﳤϣ˵ʲôأһ죬յĽ͵λ幫ǱٺѣΪĽﳤ֮Ӵ볤֮ܽ
⣬ﳤ϶ʱüƲȴΪ֮֮£ɲ˭츳ãѧģˣûȤա
˵Ļᣬﳤϱɴľܾ
ﳤϣ幫о֮볤Ͽٶϣһɣ
ѾͷҲӣֻǣҲʲô˶ѧġȻãﳤϵ㻹Ǵȥɡ


 ʮ ҩͯ
ﳤͨҩԣ
ʼ磬ͻȻڵ
ϻüͷһﳤϵҪǰڱٵӣһŽ߳ȥˡ
ʳϣǺҩģ˿Ϊ⣬ָǽһغɫĿ֦滹а߰ߺڵ㣬ª
ΪײݸͷĺһﳤϼĪ㻹뿼УϷ򲻳ɣ
СӲҡЦһ£ʼֻСЩףײݸ˳ªѿʲôҩԣҲֵ
㶮ƨײݸ΢ȴõĸҩƺֵҩЩײݸ𵽵ҩ֮áªҩľȻжϣ㵹͵ĺܡһﳤϹһĨ֮ɫ
ﳤϣʶҩԡﳤϷ𣬱æԲ
ֻǣ⻰û˵꣬㾶ԱƵһߣﳤϣϵĳ֮Ũüͷ΢ɹȻﳤϼ֪ҩĲòȡΪΣȴòȡˣ
⻰һﳤ϶ʱΪ֮һһʱ䵹ҲЩˡ
ֻǷ磬ȴȻûи̨׵˼ļҿﳤҲǷֻ֮ƾжϣо˵ӣôܵҩԣƳƷҩҿⷬ˵طǡ
һ˵꣬統Ťͷȥû˿ˮ·ûаﳤϿһ㣬ǲм
֮䣬ֱ뿪˵Ȼɽ¶ȥȫȻɫڵﳤϡ
ӣлú˵ǣΪҪ˶ײﳤϣ£Ժⵤ嶼ϲˡƬ֮󣬱ٱ׷Щǵ򷽴
ȻһЦ漴ҡͷܹʡȻνĶײˣҲм֮ѧˡ
һçײȻʵϣȴǶԵľá
һţﳤϵбϣжϳƱع°ܻЩ񱣬·ڵ֮ϣҲѧʲôǸӵġ
ǣȼķʽƵƿԣ벻Ч
е΢԰գ˵Ĺϡ
ǷȴͬΪһ̿ͣԼԱͼΪͨһжϣԥĹ᳹ȥ糣˰հǰ˺
ţСӣվס
Ȼ߲û߳Զʱﳤܻգ֮䣬׷
ﳤϻкλ˵ͣ½ŲתĿﳤϵĪǻҪҳײ֮
ޣΪϷǵСǼ֮˲ɣٴα֪ǿΪ֮ȴҲ̲סյĺǳ⡣
ŶȻˣﳤΪ˿żƽĵﳤϼ˵ȥ
ոգ˵ʲôţﳤ룬һʱȴǸ벻𣬷ʲôˡ
ƽشҲ˿Ϊ⡣
ãһϷסˡ㲻ҪôӽϷҩͯϷҪʲôʸѵҡ
ȻոշĻƺеֻҪ뵽ǽѵ˵Ŀǣﳤϱⲻһգ޲ðСӵ¯һ˲źá
˵ﳤǳòȡˣһ˿Ц⣬ݷʵ
ᵽﳤ϶ʱΪ֮ᣬЦСӣĪΪץסϷһʱŪеӣϷϷ֤ȷʵ츳ֻ֮ĵ֮ˡ
кβңʼ磬ڵҲҪﳤǵʵǸ֮
յĺһﳤ϶ʱһŤͷתԼصҪϷ㣬þùϷĿУɣԺҲٽһ
ȻһЦȴҲٸ֮˵飬ȴ˿ûϵġ
Ī˵ԼͨҩԣֻûнӴһ;ѣ˿ƾոһҲѾöԷϿˡνĿ飬ҲǶԷһӵһַʽѡ
Ҳ۷ﳤ룬˿̣ȴͱŪԺˣĿɿڴĿŷ磬һʱ֮ȴǸ֪Ӧ˵Щʲôˡ
ô꣬ﳤϱ䣿ֻ˵ķݣȴʵһֻ쾳ļһϷŪһ˿˵ȻͬеĹؽڣһжįҲȻطûס
ЦЦıٵˣȥɣõң˵ãò˶ãұܰƵҩˡ

Ҳȱٻش𣬷ȻһЦ㾶ŵȥ
ϼһȻҪʲôһף˵þ͵ٳһˣһûôס
ˣȻոᵽҩԣϷԷֱҩΪ⣬Ȩһ飬㵹Ǹҷֱһ£˴ҩİɲöֻ࣬Ҫֱܷһˡ
ȵﳤϵ̲סڵ
֮жҩģȻ࣬ȴҲ˵Ͻ֣ⵤĵӣǴʱһЩģֻҲδֱܷһ
ȴϣԷֻɹȻһЦȥҩһ۵ȤûУʱ۾ϸķֱǹɸӵҩζ
Ϣ֮䣬㻺ڱҶݣ«٣Ʋݡ
ûκεͣͣһһҩĵƣȴһʮ֣۾Цʵﳤϣ֪Щɹô
ƽգǷı飬Ѿﳤϱˣ
ֻǣȴǲͬ
һ̣ﳤѾĿɿڴˣƾҩ㣬ͷֱҩģңǼƣƺδȫǼ˵£ֻ³˼ûζҩ⣬ȫܱ
ҩԵ⾹Ȼܵ˿ֲĳ̶ȣԼֱ棬ҲͲ˶Ѱɣ
ѧĬһ£ﳤڻ̲סʵ
ûУ΢΢ҡͷϣ絹û˿ԥģƽڵѧҽҩԻЩ˽ֻǣҩԵʦȴҲʶҲǲġ
Ļش𣬶ʱﳤһ꣬ȴҲδɷĻֻǲЩ̾
󣬲֮ˣȻܹҩ˿ֲǽλʦܹѧϰò˶ãпܳΪ˲ʦ
ҡҡͷҪΪһ·磬Ѷҳ˼ȴǶʱɢ˸ɸɾ
ˣҲʲôˣ
ҡҡͷﳤ϶ʱŷ򵤷ȥת֮䣬ڼ䡣
Ȼ˵ǵȻʵϣⵤ֮ȴʮͬӣҲͬ
涼ҶһһЩ⣬һЩصĵ飬ҩϵѾ㹻ˣȱٵľǴ򿪵һ;ĴŶоЩǣӦźܴôġ
ָݵĲ飬ﳤڵ۾ȴϸĹ۲ŷķӦ
ɲʲô飬ҪܳӲС
Ȼʧûһ˿Ĳ΢΢ͷлﳤϣһѧϰ
ְֵĽڣȴǸϲַʽӺ嫵鼮֮УŸ򵽸ԴĶ


 ʮ ɶ򵤣
ʱ
ת¹ȥ񷽴տտһӵ鿴꣬ջ˸޷
ﳤϿҲķڵǺεȵĿֲ
˸Ȼӳӡ
Щ죬˳Ժ֮⣬˯綼֮У̶̿ȼﳤҲò
һʼȴƺʲôסˣֻԸʲôܽᵽһ
񣬺ǵʵʱˡ
缱еҪʧ֣˲ܷлкѣϤַ֮󣬲̤˵֮С
ﳤϣûʲôչô
ոճϤ֮ﳤϵʱ־ҲȻû˿ı仯
ֹ˵ⵤʵ̫ӣкܶط޷˷ġҪڶʱڣƳǲܵ顣ЦŹ֣ﳤε̾Ϣ
ﳤӦ֪ҵһй¶Ȼ鷳ֻ̤ףС˲ٶ֮ġ־̾Ϣһ漴һʵ̤ؽ۷壬ǿߣҲһ֮ǣ̤֮ʱҲȻֲ֮޶ɶ򵤣ûаܹȻȹ
־˵Щﳤβ֪ڣǽеļ֪־̫֮ˡ꣬ȻҲף̫̤֮Ǻεȵļѡ
̤ؽ֮ʱѾҩԼǿȹ
ֻǣɶȴʵ̫˰Ҳûһ˿İܹƳ
ﳤϣ֪ⵤɷõһۣ
̤뷿䣬̾Ϣһ漴ڵһ̫⣬ֻ΢Щӡ
㿴Ҳáﳤϵû̫࣬Щӣڷǳ⣬Ѿ̳Լ²պصͷ
˵ʵ΢һЩʦܱС鷳סֻҪõҩҲܶѳһؽ
־澪ȵĿ⣬ԹԵĽӹϸĴһ£΢Ƭ̣ſڵﳤϣⵤ֮ӦþǻҩͶʱɣⲻһзѣضڶʱѰƵķ
ⵤȻȴȻȱַԼһЩҩķЩҪܶġ
οĵ˵ͷﳤ漴ڵϧˣѾ˵伮ȴǸҲȱʧĲ֣Ҫȴ찡
΢΢ҡͷԥһ£վǿڵԵӿⵤ޷Ƶԭ򣬾Ϊ¶ȲѰǧȵĸ£Ӧһԡ
⻰һ֣־滹ﳤ϶Ϊ֮һͣŵĿ򷽴硣
ȻˣҲ㲻ԥƽ뿴ֻмԭҵɣȼ֮ڻ뵤־һĵ¯ܹ쵽˵¶Ȳ
ǳѪӷʧֵδһ̣ﳤѾ˷ݣʶ̽
޷۵㲻ͬѡ΢΢ҡͷ٩٩ԣҿǽѪͿĨڱ֮ϣԱļ¶ȣӦܹܽǡϸڣϸϸãһʱɽ⡣
Ȼﳤڵ֮ҲѾһӣڷ翴ȴվǶ˼ֽҶԣ˼άҲ̫һнˣȻŬҲǸɾͲ˴ʦ
ǰһл˵νʦ뻭һ⡣
ۻ񣬻ԱһЩʦĸϸ¸񣬵ǵĻȴԶȱһ鶯ûϡ
ڷ翴ﳤϱûȱ鶯ϵĵ
ЩȻǲ˵ġ
ãããһ˵֣ﳤ϶ʱͷӦ˹ұ㣬ˣ죬ұܹҵѪ֮
пЦһ£վûڶ˵ʲôʱӦȥǣβܽⵤ֮еİ֮Ǿ֦ĩڡ
ǣﳤȴȻǣ˳Լ˼·ȥ⣬Ƿ⡣Ǿǵʦ뵤Եɡ
ǣ֪Ϊʲôʱ־оͻһĪϤУֻô䣬Ҳ벻ʲôʱ硣
ǷƽĻش
΢΢һ־ȴվûϧͬкβףֻ΢˵ͷѯʵ幫ӣ֪а취ⵤ⣿
֮ǰһۣ۷Ĳﳤϣͬ־档
־Լһָо˷ɶ򵤵ƣ¾͵䵽Լˡ
죬ǿа£ҪһдӦҪĳ嶯ǿһŻش˵ЦˣӲһҩͯΪֹҲû¯ܹƴ˵鵤ʲ˵Ҳ̸ֻֽѡ
ȻֻǴҴɨһۣǷȴҲѾܹɶ򵤵ܹƳɹֻµпܽٵһ㡣һ֮Զɶ򵤵ڸǱʵʵһƭ
ò˵ˣȻǴʦš
ֻ뷽˵ķȴֵһᣬЩ
һң˵˵֮·УݲͶȡɡ
ɶ죬ܹ˳ȹ٣ǣͬҲٴĺô
÷̤ؽ֮ʱһ㣬ǰֲף÷һδδƼޣսԴ֮ؾ
رͬǳȵġ
һȹ٣ʵ㲻ЩҲԶѰؽ֮ϣʣˣ
⻹ֻǵؽף֮ʱٴζɹףܹõĺôԹ
ԷӣΪη֮ͶȡɣҪȷʽɹ٣
幫Ӳعǫڶپ޴Σ빫Ԯ֣Ƴɶ򵤣պȻӱϿƺֻʵȻһ־ȴͬݶ
ǻˣһ仰ֻ¾Ϳˡ
ϧڷ˵ЩȴûʲôʵԵãһ֡
ʱҲ˵ôαװؤԼҲͬû˿֮⡣
ˣֻ´֮ʱԼѾֱո
Ůˣ˼ʵ̫ˣǷҲ޷׽ʹУŻǸһеһ
һأ
ֻΣ
ԼȻŲȴƺҲû˽ӽ
ˣո˵˵¶ȵ⣬ҲǲܽҵػָӦñܹˡﳤ漴˵
ﳤ⻰ȴǲ̾ϢһӦǿ죬ȴ֪Լæô
תһ룬粻һЦⲻԼĵ׵뷨ôǴһ˿ҪͷԼӣ˵һ
΢΢ҡͷվԥܹ͵ԼϤˣģһһǡ


 ʮ ٣
ػ
ڳ˵Ѱǣ˵ֻҪ룬Ȼܹҵ
̶̲һܵʱ䣬Ѿҵʵλá
ڴԼǧ⣬һɽѾڣûбˣȻȴɽɽң磬㱻ػ
Ȼڷ˵ɽҵ¶ȱԹˣΨһȥϾȸ֮£ԷʵвҲǱɡ
ȻЩͲҪǵˡ
⼸գ缸춼ڵȴһЩ򵥵ĵҩϤַ
ʦ˵һģҪµĹ̡
ﳤϵַǴڵģɢ֮Ȼûʲô£ַ֮ȴǾǧģ׳κβ
ڷ磬ﳤϵҲûʲô˵ڣЩ죬ְֵĴڣ÷Ϥ̡
Ȼ粢δﳤһԴΪԼַȴò˵ɢ֮ʾԼѾ˷
ﳤϣͳɡ
˵֮䣬־Ȼٴγ֣ڵ
ϷѾ׼׵ʱԶ˵ͷﳤϵǷǳܣϾɶ鵤˵Ҳżջһɹƶɶ򵤣ǾһʵķԾ˵һξõĻᡣ
ﳤϷԸȥ˵ҪչأܳƱز˲־˵ͷ
¹ϵҪһ뿪ڣû·֧Ԯ׸ַɱΣ֣ܲҲ˵֮䡣
ǣ˵ȥػȵطѰܹȥģԳ֣ܴŷȥ
ǣȴΨһ׸֣ᶯðգҲҪһˡ
ףصĴӦﳤ϶ʱŷԸȥ
Ȼжȫķʽ粢ͬҲиõķмȴҲֻԹۣһԡ

ͨ
սеĴţüͷȴǶʱ嵽һ
ϧӵߵϢ֪ôħĶУħѾգǲµһսħľԸ˵ħȫħѰҷȡ۽
Ȼ̣ܶ͸ɱ֮⣬ȴսͷһ
ħòΪ۽ٴγ棬ֱɳħľƱҪһѪȷˡ
˵ϧڣĿ䵽˵ϣսһ£ſʵ
ǣԲõеӣݻرЩӣһֱУδɽȻ֪սΪʲôͻȻȴҲԥʵʵĻش
еŵݸˣʾϸż˵̫֮ȻѾôΣ˴ζҪӶȡԪ㴫ȥе׼ľһѪϴҲϧ
ǣʦȻһݣȴҲʱеĹؽڡʣһĻᣬֻҪܹϧʵǶõ۽ôսĵλȻˮǴߣԲֻųϣлħŵĺˡ

Щ仯Ȼǲ֪ġ
˿̵ķ磬Ѿ־ﳤαװͨӣҹɽȥˡ
־ﳤϵʵǴŷ磬ֻҪ룬Ҳܹͨʵ
һ֮䣬˱Ѿǧ֮ˡ
ḧڵ۽֮ϣȴǲЩӣûĻһγٲ᷵ˡ
֮Ȼ˵죬ȴҲѾˣʣµĲʱѣֻҪ㹻ҩ֧ţѾƳԼĵҩˡ
ЩҩڣȴǲܵõģϾŵҩƳĵҩ󲿷ҲҪŵġ
οԷӣԸ˷ʱ䡣
ֻ뵽־棬ȴԼһֿɬ֮⣬һ·ԼҲò׼Լоˡ
ܹĸоԼѾЩˡ
˵ףԼҲվֻһ˶ѣ־˼ᶨһЩȴҲվѲ˵ȦӣȻԼҲԿƵĸ顣
ͷ˵ӻ۽ն˿ֻܳװ
ֻ˿ȴ˵ննġһһѤһΪվնһУȻʵϣȴ˻
ѩĳ֣Ѿеӷѿٴμ־棬ȴѾҲԿԼˡ
ĸоܲãͷĻ˵Ѿʧȥƽ֮ġ
٣
ͷ˵ԼбҪȹ٣㲻Ҳܲ
ֻ£ܶȹԼľٴһɱ䡣
ֻǣҪ˵ȹǺεȵļѰ
Цһ£羲֮ϣ۾Ĭе۽նȴǲûԵ۽նԼе
ﳤ־ȻҲʣֻΪ绹˼ȻҲ
һ·޻
֮󣬷˱ɽ֮£ɽ֮ȥ
ȻѾܾûбˣǣɽΧ¶ȴȻطɽҲǳ֮ɫ
ѰˣȻû˻ᵽ
ǳ׻ң뵤¯֮ΪʣպӵԼĵ¯ռһЩɽŽµĳɫﳤ򷽴
ף˴Ļ𡭡׻ƺҪȥ֮ռҲüЦЦӦ
νĳ׻ңʵҲǻɽҶѣȻûǶȴҲ֪һЩġ
Ҳá˵ͷﳤȴҲٶ˵ɽȥ
ˣǵʲôչôۼѾ쵽ˣ־̲סٴοѯʵ
Ȼڶռɶ򵤵ĲҲ׼˲٣Щȴ֮˷ѵռɾͲһһϦܹõˡ
ҪԹ֪΢΢ҡͷкܶطҲֻƶϣֻػƣҩԣȴûжϵġ
ˣĵҲҪೢԼβϤοһ𶼻ֻƶϣʵûȷġһ£ﳤ漴˵ֹ㾡ɷģϷҲѾɵİգֻҪʲô⣬ЩϵɳɹƳġ
Щע󲿷ֶҪ˷ѵģֻҪܹ˳Ƴɶ򵤣־̤ףһбֵõˡ
ɽ֮ʱ־Ѿֳһ͵ס磬Ͼ¶ȣ쾳˳ѾһѶˡ
ҪָﳤȻҪ״̬ġ
־ǹɵζƺֻصˣһϷʱ龰һĸӡ
Ȼȴ˿ûб¶ģɫ˼֡
ػ
һ¸Ͳ󣬻Լɽɣ


 ʮ ɵ
У
ͨؽ˵ǲģȻ־ǰȴʲô⣬»֮۹ͬʱŷﳤӻɽԾ£÷ֳס磬Χʴ
Ļ𶾣˵죬Ҳֻ·һ
־Ŀ֮£Ƭ֮䣬˱СĵһݵĿյ֮ϣ°֮⣬ԼܹҽʣΧȵѾߴٶȣֱӿˡ
ֱһ̣־ʵչ˳»֮ʣﳤ뷽ͬʱס»֮£˿оһȣоһ˿䣬Ļ£Ȼǳʣȫ÷ġ
幫ӣﳤϣԾʵܹһ죬λץʱ䡣
û˿Ć£־ڵ
΢ͷﳤػʡˣԴóʼ֮ǰ˼·ϡ
һһʮֲϣУʮֱҪػȷǷܹܣʮһ쳣׼ıͲ࣬һҪĴ
΢һ£ﳤϣڿʼЩϵķ䣬ػʼԣһҪÿһЧĲϴ䣬Ϳʼɡ
練ſһ˼ȫĵͶ˶ڶɶ򵤵֮С
ȻǷ粢Ҫɶ򵤣鵤ܣ֮ȴŷǳҪ塣һɹɶ򵤣־Լ̤˵֮Уаƴĵҩˡ
ڷﳤϣ־浹ά»֮תֻǾĴŷ硣
һ̫Ķ·ֻصһһ㡣

ͨ
սͬʱڰߣӭԶʻۡ
ľŵڴͷɫ·һǧ겻ıһ㣬ֻȴδ¶˿ɱ·𲻹һͨ˷۶һ㡣
С۲տտҲܹˣ˶ľ֮⣬ħŵվ
δ˻ûзֻСȴƫƫȻʻƽȵٶȶ쳣ȡ
ľˣۿսڣͬʱ
û˿սҲ˿ͷ
ͬΪףľʵȴر𣬲ŵ˵ԶľʵҪɱ
ħţʵΪûݿֲʵħϵҲվȽŸ
Ӻڣüͷľʵ
شˣǰڣѾⶢˣЩӣӶδɽ΢ǷսʵʵĻش
ڣüͷƺڵľ̫֮ˣ
˽֣Էƾ·֮׽˻ܣӦ̫֮塣ָһˣս͵
΢˵ͷľ漴ʵзϢ
ûУߣҵȲûзĻֻҪǺѷֵġᵽ磬սҲ΢΢һݣĻش
޷ҵ˵˰֣ľʱȣ˷ѣ·ڡ
ǣ׼ԭҲսԤ֮УûκԥֱӱӦ
ˡӦһľһ֮䣬㾶ٴ̤ۣһڣʦڣ
⻰һսѾ׼ҲһЦҲħľһɡ


ڻɽϢһ־ŴŷﳤٴԾɽ֮С
Ѿǵˣɶ򵤵ѶԶȷĸΪѣ֮ڣѾ졣ȴȻкܶطȻ޷
־Ѿ¶һ˿ƣ֮ɫЩҲѾ۵ĹǺˡ
ػ
ﳤϼѾ˾ӶˣֻҪػĿػ㼸Ѿȫɷˡ
ﳤĶ磬ֻǵ񣬺ܶණҲѾ޷׼ȷˣʱһһ鳢ԡֻԼػʱ򣬲׼ȷİб仯
ۣѾγԼصĿػֲַֿĽٶȣѾﳤ־Ŀɿڴˡ
Ŀã˭ţô̶ʱ򣬷ȫػַѾﳤϣô׵ɱ䡣
ˣ
ͷһ˿飬¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫﳤϣһвϵҩѾȫˣֻҪƳͿˡ
ȻûʽʼƣǷȴҲѾŰ˳ϵİܹƳɵˡ
ʱ򣬿ɲǼֵʱ
ɶ򵤳ɵѣҪְֵƣĵɾԲһ쾳ܹ֧ŵġ
Ȼѡʵ⣬ȻҪﳤϽġ
෴ʱ򣬷עģѾβɫ뿪ˣԼĿѾˡٻصȻȫûκαҪˡ
ɣ˵ͷϸϸ署֮еһϸڣⵤƣﳤϵ˼ְա
ڷ磬Ѿ൱ŷˣԭһ˿ҪշΪͽͷҲɢԷڵϵ⣬ʱ죬ʵϣֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ò̫þܹȫ泬ˡ
ʵϣ֮ԽɶƹеһϸڶҲǴ˼ֻر˼
ЩﳤڣҲڵߵֵز
ֻһ죬ڽﳤϵλãҲǿرˣȴעؽ֮ϣڸס
Ҳַֻʽرˡ
ĬĬƵһߣﳤ׼ϿʼƣȴǲһĪĸӡԾĽĿٴ䵽־ϡ
Ȼг嶯ǷȴףԼǲϵģңҲûԼһһˡ
ָǳӣȫ޷ȴʵĴڣ̾Ϣѡ
䣡
ػﳤϵĿ֮ȻγһһϡĲ϶ȫȥ
Ȼȱ˵¯ĸѶ˲٣ǣʱҲѾѡˣûʲô¯ܹסػĴֻǿĿػַƾƲпܳɵ
ֲϷɿںϣеĻҲȻʼԼһɵҩ㣬Ȼ߳˻ë׷·֮ſһ㡣
ػɵɶȴѾһ
ʱ򣬷缸Ѿܹȫȷˣ̶ͬԼݵһȫû˿ɵʱˡ
Ȼһ̣ȴȻһ˿ף·оһɺȻӿ۶
ĸоȻԼɽ֮ʱż֮
٣
ͷŸո𣬷Ȼ£ͬһʱ䣬ﳤ־ɫҲͬʱˣһʱ䣬漴ȴͬʱĿ䵽Ȼڻ֮ƵĶɶϡ


 ʮ ʹķ֣
٣
˶ٵģٵϢ쳣УԲŪ
ǣ˭ôΨһĽ;ǣǵ٣
һת䣬˱㷴Ӧ˹ݵ伮أоƷ鵤¯֮ʱп٣ոƳĵҩٵ䡣
ɶ򵤣Ȼֵ伮м컯鵤кܴ࣬ǣһĹãѾؽˣֵҲʲô顣
ô죿ﳤҲɵˣ˿ȫ񶼷ڿػ֮ϣͷֲ˿ӦԵ١
ﳤ㲻Ҫģһ˿â־һһ˫˿׶ʱ˫֮ϣ͸һĺ⣬صףҲ˸оͬں֮һ㡣
䣡
ûκεͣͣת֮䣬һѾ£ֲ˺Ʋ񷣬ݺݵſĻȥ
˪
һ֮䣬־ȻθߣԱ˿׻ס壬Ӳס
»ΧĺɿۣΧȻȻһ˿ĺ˪һƬط
֮£ݲƻⵤﳤƵģֻӭ٣֣ٵɱ
һ֮£ױٴ̧ͷȥԼܹ͸ɽڿϷĽơ
Ҫ֪־汾ʵǵؽ۷壬ôһ֣ȴǶʱԽƣѾ൱ͨؽ̤֮ʱˡ
һ˲䣬־ɫڱˣ٣ƽգܹӦԣڵصף֮ǰһֱѷﳤϻڣѾľңʵвƽһ롣
Ҫǣ£ǼӦ٣˭֪ٵ᲻ӣ
һ̣תȴѾԼ˳֮⡣
ֹʵڲоͷɶ򵤰ɡԥһ£ڻǿڵ
ֵ˶ɽٲֻͬҪ˵ٱȻʧΣҲȻ⡣
УѾûжˣһʧܣûƵڶˡ־Ȼҡͷ
ûбûУܲΪⵤҩǶڴˣüͷһôȥסҲɡ
־˵Ĺؼڷ粻¶ʵ£ûܹ뿪
һʧȥ־ıΧĸ£Ƭ֮ͻὫֻʵķɣﳤ֮£Ҳֲ֧ͬ˶á
Ǹɶ򵤹ϵڴ㲻ϧһдۣҲҪõĿһ־ĮȻ򷽴硣
˲䣬ܸо־֮ǰڷΧ»֮ʱɢȥ磬ױ¶ȵĿ֮С
ҪһĶ־
־ڿնһĳٴ֮µײȴǸش𷽴һ仰˼û
УķѾˣҲҪĽ͡
ֹ
ߵıʣﳤҲȻɫ䣬ŵʵûǸ޷Ƴɶ򵤣ȴҪ
ﳤϣΪڣΨһѡ񣡡־ɫ䣬˵
˵֮䣬еĻȻױ飬һɫĵҩƯУΧֻҪɹⵤ٣ǽˡ
һ̣־Ҳͬʱ˻ﳤϵ»֮
ҲûǲǣҪĽֶδĿģĶô
ԴҪҪֻǽƽӦٵĺ־һ֣ɶץУ廯ΪһӰɿȥ׺ȫӦҲͬΪ̣˿Ķֻ뿪棬ϣε١
һ˲䣬ȻһʹЩԺˡ
ѡô
һ˲䣬ʱ·ֻصһ

ߺòãҴ뿪ҲЩ߰顣
꾲Ů˱ڻУׯ԰Ĳݵϣ̧ͷǿգʵ
ԲҼ壬ҷˡŮ˲࿪ͷܹ۾
壬ôҪôΪҪһ͸һĨɱ
Բ𣡡
֪ģҲļͽ⡣ƽڡ
֮ǰһնɱ壬ĳԱа̳ڡҪǣԶ䶾Ʒ˽ߣնGȫƷ磬ֻҪһգ㲻κˣκΥĻƷG
޴棬Ѿκˣκˡ
ѵΪңҵļôŮ꣬
ҵļ֣΢΢ҡͷƽ
Ȳ˵ԼܹܲȥԼ£ͷһ˾ĲԼ
ǾҰɣ͵ǴûʶŮ˵ͷ
һ죬ļһҪɱңô
Ҳ֪

ǰΪνļ壬ɣϧһдۡ
һҲȻδı䣬һԼһ㡣
һ̣ȴͻȻЦЦ쳣á
һ˲䣬ԭԿţ·˲⿪ˣһƬ
ûһƣҲվķʽɱԼΪػνļ壬˵Լ棬еִ
ԼûǸ壬Լûиǳͻ᲻ı䣿
ǣڣͻȻˣһʵֻǱĽڶѡ
վǸĮִŮˡ
УȰҪ˵ûԼ
Ȼһֱһ㣬Ľȥͣǣֱһ̣ͻȻ
ѩǺԼĸ飬ĻͲǰ
𣬲ܷ¡ͷʵǲǣֻһֱڵԼһ졣¶һ˿΢Ц
ΧһУ˵ƺҪˣûͷųһ˿Լ壬ڵϣԼ͸һ˿Ѫɫ
һжѾȥˡ
˿̵ԼУֻһ޹ؽҪϣɶ򵤽ɣκεļֵȻ֮ģһ統겻ԸΪõԼ
ģʹԳܡ
ǣڶΣ
һΣԼԼҲġ
һΣȴԼˣδ࣡
ʹ飬ʹ£Ҳ㿴Խ֣㲻ôд
ϷԲ㣡
ͻȻﳤһ̾һ̣ﳤȴѾԾҽ֮УԾһλһ뵤֮еˣĻԼ
Ȼѣжʱһ˿ɱһֱصʵڳױ˳

ڿɲʱԷʵֻҪֱҽ֮У㲻£ҪĽֻ취ȥѡ
֮ʱа취ȻѾ˵ؽ׵ʵǱһˣ
зһХϳȻΪһӰһ֮䣬Ȼ̤ϣϷȥ
У


 ʮ ұִ

̤ϷɽٶȻ֮䣬ֱӳ˻ɽڣڿдһ⣬޻
Ȼδɢ̤˲㱻־Ӧˣһ˲䣬־͸һĨ֮ɫ
ԭΪһоգⵤ٣Ҳа˳ɰܹȻȹǣĳȴǳ״ƽ⡣
һ̣־Լǲǿˣ˵ﳤһЩֶΣܹѣͨһֻʵôͻȻ̤
ôһ񣬱㵱һУ˴˸ɫ˲԰˼֣ûȥҩ
㾿ʲôˣ
һ̣־Ȼܹ׵ĸоŵؽ׵ʵ˲㷴Ӧ˹
վڽϣ粢ش𣬰˵Ʈѣ·û־ʻһ㡣
һ˿⣬ȴ˴ĵһ˿η֮⣬ǿ־棬һҲЩļ¡
һ̣־˷˼
ʱ򣬶Էûж֣Ĵ˼ɣ߲ɱ⣬Ҫѡ
ػɶ򵤣٣Ӳżɽ٣նɱ
亹˲
۶Է˭ܹصôԼ֮ǰΪֻʵԵؽ֮Уʵ¶Բ֮¡
۷ʱڣȻĻʤģڱʵ׽֮£Ѿȥ˵ӮߵĻᶼˡ
²޳ԹֻҪܳɹõɶ򵤣պڱк񱨡Ȼ֪ʲô־ȻǱһϣڵ
͸һ˿Ϸʣ絭ڵ˵Ź㣬ô
򵥵һ仰ȴǳ־ĳ˹ȵף׿һеĽ
ǰԷӦѵôȵ굤٣ʵʮһȫֻܽڶԷУĽܹܵģ
һˡ־浹Ҳ֮
һ֣жɶ򵤱ֱӱ׷˳ȥµɣתۻΪۣ
ۿһ޿أ־Ŀ֮ѾһĨ޿Ƶķŭޣ
ԭһжˣ಻ʮӵʱ䣬һоͶˣȴƫƫһ̣һָоֱץ
ģ־ǳףԷǹġ
Ǳһ󣬵ȵٽٳܹնɱԼͲñԼȥ
һ̣־ͻȻоЩԷʲôȻѡķʽԼץ񣿻žԵİܹԼ
ͷתһת˻ˡ
㵹ǹϡȻһЦ漴ҡͷֻҪۿֵĶִѡ
˿ûжֵ˼ƽĿڣֻͬһ㣬ȫովͲ㱻Է
¾˭ٴʳ⣬־ҲѾǿԼ侲Ķŷ硣
˵Ѿ˼Ҫػľڣôһڣ᲻ѳ᣿ǹһ˿аȵ΢Ц絭ڵ
⻰һʱ־浹һŵĿ·磬¿Ҳ̫ЩɣʵȻҪڣҲʸ񡣡
һؽף־Լ۷ʱڣҲȻ壬Ҫ˵һ֮һˡ
ˣ·û־Ȼŵ΢Цؼңģҽղɱ㡣
⻰Ǳˣ಻־ʵͼǷ籾ѧĴʦС˿ҡ
ˣ
򵥵֣䵽־ĶУȴ·һһ㣬˵
ˣԼηôص꣬Ȼȫ˵İն˵ˡԼ˿ʵдô
µǣĿǣͻȻһּΪϤĸоһ˲䣬־ȻӿһƵĿ־УҲǷηԴ
磬㣡
һ̣־棬ӳ˹Ķŷ磬͸һŵ븴ӡ
־棬ȴ쳣ƽԭΪվϳԼʱ򣬻ĳȣȻһ̣ʱʣµģȴֻƽѡ
ǰԭİԼϹ
ӳ֮󣬷㲻Լһʱһ޶ֱڣϳԼ
ǷأӵԼܷϵóأ
ʣǿԵķףԼЩϰԵСǺεȵϤȻ췭ظʯãЩҲɫ
ɹȻһЦ㻹Ǵǰ㣬ңȴѾǴǰҡһΣҲٸΪҵƵĻˡ
Ҳ֪Ĳ֪㣡־ͻȻЩң񷽴ʵҲֻǵؽ׶ѣȴκ˶Ŀ¡
Ǹݺ£֮ϣ޵еĴ̿ͣԲܹ򵥵ƾȽֵġ
ѾҪˡ絭ڵһδܻٵִͬĴҲ᷸Ρһۿڵĸ𣬳׻ִ
Ϊʲô־ŵĿǰİϤˣȴһܹһģֻҪڣǵ磬Ҳܹͬվۣ֮
û㣬Ҳ΢΢ƽĿڣ·ⲻһ򵥲һ㡣
¶㣬㲻Ҳɱô֮Ѿƽ֮䣬ѾûκϰˣΪʲô㷴Ըһˣŷ磬־ЩĶŷ
粢δشΪѾûбҪˡ
ּȻѾſԼ˵ԷҲһͨŮ˶ѡ
˵ҲҪִһ߹Ҳֿ֣ѵô
ô
һ̣ͻȻЦʱ򣬾ȻҪԼԼôҲʵ̫ῴԼˡ
ذףл䣬𵶼⣬ߣұɱ㡣
ᣬȴ·һħ˴ս
ҲţҪɱǾɱˣüͷ΢΢һ־漴
Ȼµ˲䣬ȻΪһӰذ״һĨ⣬û˿͵Ĩ־ʺûһ˿ԥ
һ̣־оǷϢһ󺧣ڲٶķһ᲻Ȼͬ㵹ɶ㿪˷һ
Ǵ΢ЦϵЦݣ̻
վǲԼҲûǸԸͬ
Ȼ㲻Ǿͼţһۿڵĸ𣬶ңʱ䣬̫ã
Ȼһ㣬˫ָڱûж࿴һۣգۼ̤ŷɽ֮С


 ʮһ ҧһ
о˺ӳʹպ󣬺˻Ϊ΢΢ﳤᣬϹͷ㲻ʲôȻˣҲǣʲȥ
ﳤϣһúʵģпᡣȻѾȷ⻰м٣ȻλΪһӵĳϣµĿߣҲһͷ
ʲôʵģѵϹͷԩɣüͷȻﳤŭǣǺʵΣͷңֻ´̿Ҳټˡ
ﳤϣ˵Ǹ᲻ϧӣᵽæס˻⡣
΢΢һͣﳤ̾Ϣһһᣬֱڻˣˣ֪㽫Ÿ˵ϣϡ̫֮壬̤ףݣָơ
һ£ﳤֻǣ˲ֶεоȴʵ䡭ϷˣҲûʲô˼ˣԽ𣬵֮£ɡ
⣬ɫ䣬ڵĵҩǵṩģܶϡҩﳤһơﳤ˦ֲɣ㵹һ룬ǹϵŵ飬ɲˡ
ﳤϣ֪ԹǣվֻǸӣ֮ԻʹŸǸЦһµңôĹϵˣòлῴŸˣѵԸۿϣô
ŸˣYִ£־ȥϹͷֻ뾲ĶɹǡɺﳤЩĵĻȥ
ﰽѵ֣ʦõѪôﳤϼ߳ŵ˲䣬ͻȻ
⣬ﳤϵʱΪ֮һٴͣ˽Ų
ˣŷŻﳤϣһս˶ˣϴȥǣ֣ʦøǱѵ㲻뱨ô
⣬ﳤϵʱٿƲס΢΢Ĳתݺᣬˣܹ黹˵㡭񣬶ɶѳɣֻҪɹ١ֻǣҪסӦҵ飬ѩޣȻϷҲĿ
ģЩѪҲͬĵף˿٣ָؿڣȻڵ
ˡ˵֮䣬ͻȻеӽڵ
̾Ϣһﳤûٶ˵תǸҿ˿ǲưոݵġֻǣܹڶ˼Ҳ𡣡
˵仰ﳤϵȥûһ仰Ć¡
ҲǰŵĹ־Ҳͬɫ԰׵Ľʦ𣬾ܣﳤˡ
Ŀ־һۣŻڵˣ˴Ҳûˣ㽫龭ϸУٶЩС˼ﳤҲǸող뿪
⣬־϶ʱ¶һ˿֮ɫһ֮䣬ȴҲӦ˹
ѵ˳ҲﳤϾ˳ңûԼ棬ֱﳤϸϻˣ
ﳤ˵ʲôˣת־ʵ
һȴ𻰣ֻǾ־档
Цһ£־ȴҲʣʵʵĽľһ顣
ʱʵ³ͻȻԭ㣬ȹٻȥﳤϵģֻǣʵû뵽ǸȻ˴Ӳ˶ɶ򵤡΢ԥһ£־ָŲУǸǸɱ֣Ȼ֪ԭҪʲôǣ˴ȴǰĺˣصС£֮֡
ڷ磬־ʵЩܵη壬˵ľ绹ڷ֮ϣҲûıֻӰ졣
ɶ򵤻ˣ͸һ˿âȻһĨɭȻ뱨㵽ĺǣҲҪն
ǷŭȴǸûѷ統ʲôвһؽ׶ѣȥ
УҪȥﰽôҲٳһΣôҲðѶɶƳȻŭĿڵ
²ˡЦһ£־̾Ϣﳤܹǰӣٹﾲ棬ҲѾûвܹˡ

һǷ־¶һ˿ᶨ֮ɫŻڵʦģûжɶ򵤣Ҳһܶɹٵģ׼һЩʱգɽ١
ĳ֣־Ĵ̼ʵ̫ˣͬǵؽף᲻һ˿綯֡
ֻҪ̤ףƾ̫֮ƣ΢İһЩ
磬㣬ҲٲǸ޵еĴ̿ˣƾʵҲδػ㡭㣬Ҳδؾô¡
ĬĬиԼ־񣬡Ӹˡ
̾ϢһȴҲ֪Ǻˡ
̯ӣʵڲʰ

ڿʼûҵķԸκ˲̤뵤һϷҪչ
ص壬еӶټﳤϳԸü֮䣬ɱ֮⡣
ŵЩӸôҲû˭ﳤϷôĻ𰡣⾿ʲô
˰֣ʾ£ﳤŴ̤˵֮С
ŵ֮аɫĵ¯ﳤϵǶʱ¶һ˿ЦôЩҩ㹻˲ܵøһЩ鷳ǡ

С㣬֪ôãﳤϷ˺ôƢ˵ǱߵĵӶŵĲء
ͬڣϢȻܿʹ˳ȥڵͨӣҲ֪ﳤϷˡ
죬οҲǴ˵ģȻᵤǱֶ˼˼
幫أȻ̸ϲǶҲž֮ҲЩĵġ
֪ĵ˵幫һֱڵ֮ڣûгҡҡͷҧŷ۵ָҡͷﳤϽֹκˣ뵤ȴǳûء
ԸӲҪǣźá̾Ϣһŵķ
С㣬İɣ幫Ӽ࣬Ӧòµ˵ЩӣܹﳤΪأ˵⣬ȴǿЦǸʱǿСأָҲҪĽүء
һ죬Щյŭ
ãã˵أЦ˳˷䣬ŤͷȴҲˡ

ˣܵڣ
̧ͷ˶ľһۣսСĵ˵ǼĻȫУǱĶˡ
ء˰֣ľڵ˹ӵ⣬ϸϢ۽ϵشá
ס˵ͷս漴ӦѾԸȥˣֻҪǷһ̾ͻ˴ϢȻܵġ
˵ͷľŵˣ֪ˣȥɡ


 ʮ ֣
Щۡ
ڹһصˣҷ졣
ɫ࣬Ŀ絶ɭȻ˵ɨһԡ
ǵΣʵǸûпκ˽ĵӹڵϣˮ
˭ܸҽһ£ŰΪʲôϣƽĽ䵽ǵӵϣڣȻȴһɱݺѹ£˴
ʦ𣡡
˵֮䣬־ҲյϢ˽ûжĻֻ˰
֮ϣȻӡɫĴ֡
ֵ˲䣬־б㲻Ȼһһ䣬˭㵽֮ʱǼȷˡ
Цһ£־˻ӵȥɡ
Ҳ־棬ʱ򣬸û˸ҳΪЩ˵
һ˲䣬ɴ⣬һǧл˳ȥ
ʦѾ֪ˡ̾Ϣһ־滺°
Ŷüͷһʵ˵Ǹ
˵ͷ־ӦֱʣҲֻݵɫ
ڴɱ֮ǰͽܻڴ̿͵дȫ׼ȴȻ޷Ķˡ
ĵԲѰеģҲֻзֶĴ̿ͣŸ¡
ǣһΣǷЩ̫дˣҪ֪ϾǿߣԵؽǿɱѾǷ˼ˣаЩɱѶȼֱǼα
һһؽףƾʲô˷ұ㲻ţҳڱǰ
ǲмһ˵ӣ־ȴǲһЦǰȵǰʱ򣬿Ѿûˡ
⻰Ǵ˿˵־Ҳ޷ǾǵЦѣǣǴӷĿ˵Ǳɲˡ
ʵڲԳȰ
ֻЩȴʵûͣѵ˵ԼǴԽģԲ֪һǺεȿֲĴ̿ô
СЩáҡҡͷ־ٴν䵽֮ϣǳ򵥡
ѣ仨鵤
ӱϣͿʲô޴ƲԷҪôɱ֡ǣֲȷԲŸз
ô˵ĲҪ׷õҩﳤߣҲ裬ֻһЩĵҩ룬־ǿһйĶ
ˣ֪ˡüڵҵΪҪʲôҩҪСġ
Щף־ΪʲôǸֻеؽʵΪʲô˹˼ɣǣȴֲöѵ⡣ֻǵİ˰֡
ˣõҲһ£Ǹģ۵ĴУЯ۽ݡħµһħľҲѾݣַܹǽϢ͸ħţݸ󻺽ǵѹͻȻʲôٴοڵ
־Ȼһƺʲôȴվû˵

䣡
ڣﳤȻһ¯µĵػʱ翪¶ȷ·Ҳ֮
ػȻͬõ¯Ȼ˿ﳤõַȴսȻͬػľϸ̶Զƽ֮ϣԼ͸һεĵϡ
ʦڴΣͻầȻ֣Ŀػ𼼣Ѿﵽ˴ʦˮ׼ƾһֿػ𣬼ûе¯ҲܹƵҩġ
ݣܹһˣҲ಻ˡ
һ磬ǲκ빦ƾһֿػ֮ѾһЩ࿹ˡ

Ȼӿбһ֣ﳤϵ¶һ˿֮ɫһڵ¯֮ϣ֮ȻһתʮöɫҩȻзɳڿд˸ת㱻һεסһԵĺ«֮С
«һĻߣת۳ﳤϵС
ִ«֮еһŵҩУһŨʱӿڣת
Ϥҩڵڣͻ֣ᷢⵤҩȻ񵤣ֻ񵤵ҩЧȴͨ񵤽Ȼ֧ͬŵؽǿֻãһ׸֣޷ǿ
ĵ˵ͷһ֣ﳤе«ʱɵһԵļϣȥ֮ϣͬ«ȻѾжʮˡ
ﳤתһ䣬һ·ˮգ֮䣬ȴȻһȻѹӡ
ǹһ˿΢Цһ֮䣬Ȼʧ֮УֻһɵĿռ䲨

ϣ
м䣬ȴħŵǰ
ʲô£üͷ΢սʵЩ쾡Ѿɢ˵ӣȴȻûзϢȴսҲ˼ַ֮⡣
شˣڵĵӴϢ˵զǵٶȳʸħŵСĵ˸ſ˵
Ŷʲô΢΢һս漴Ըͣһ۶ľķʵ
СĵĽһȵݹħŵ˵ȵˣóϴ˸ڣϧһд¡
⣬սȻһæӹȣԾŶľȥ
ž
һľȻȴ򿪣ϸĴϵͼãǲ¶һ˿Ц⣬ӵʵƺгˣ
κνͣս˶ѾףƾһȣѾöľȷݡ
ϧȣֱ˿ǲĿϧӵȡ
Ҳ˵ģݻԲѰʦܹ쵽ģ֮ϵŮΩΩФ·ʱпܴƵġ
ѵõǣͼƺлԼ͸һ˿ζϸϸҲܴһ˿֮⡣
Ĳ˵׵˵õȣֻҪ츳һЩоضܹʵһ
ֶΣ˺Ȼսٸ֣Ҳòˡ
Ůӣ㿴Ůӣϵãӵݸսľʵ
⡭ȻܹϵŮӼսȴǲϵŮݵġ
ӦñǸ̫֮塣սɨϵͼСڵ
Ŷ¶һ˿Ц⣬ľҡҡͷô˵Ҳм˼ˣˣǸ·ɣڡ
ȣľҲٴλָ˵Į顣
ΪˣƺҲô򵥵ġ
ֻսڣ»ͷʹһЩжľڣȴȫˣӼȻҪ̫֮壬ȻӲ
˵˥ܵڣ۷ʱڣҲͬס


 ʮ ƹ
ֻ졣
űּ䣬·һзŶ֮Ʈɢһ㡣
ɫ˿ƮƺּĻ໥ӳģǵ˱Ȼ
⻰ò˼գ͸õл˰ɣ
٣Ҳʲôôϯض
С㣬ǻǻȥɡҡҡͷű
ѽôСģܹҲ׵ģһ΢ʲôЦŵ˵٣ˣҵأô
С㶼ԸˣôءЦţóѵС㣬ʲôöء
̧ͷ򵤷ķ򣬱ٲֻȴ΢ЩΡ
˵˵Ҫء
ٹ幫ӱﳤϴȥ⼸Ƕͷ֮ʱ߹һ
˵֮䣬һµСܹ˵
幫ӣɻ𣿡ԥһ£վǿʵ
ģﳤȻ鲻ãǣ幫ȴ㲻ֻǽֹκ˳ĵǻɫӾнĻش
лˣЩʧҡҡͷ漴ѵݸǻµӵ幫ҪѣҴ
ģһԽ幫
˵֮䣬ȴȻһĮɽŷ쳹ط·һ޿ɿܵ˲Ҫ¡
ڣ𻰡
һ˲䣬һƬȻ
η˼ڣ
ָȻٶţһ֮·壬ڡ
ħţս
˫ָڱսȻڿУش
ԭϡһ֣ңңڵ֪ϴ˷Ϊ£
ֻҪһˡȻһЦսƽֻҪ˽ĳתߡ
֮£ϴʱѾ˽ҲǾ仰գսмּɵ־ʱ̤һ·֮ʵ˿֮£һ൱λǿ򣬵Ҳս
˿־棬̫֮ˡȻһЦսҡͷ˷ҲС
⻰Ȼɫ䣬սɫ粻
־ȻˣȻˣֻû뵽ǣ֪־̫֮壬ԷƾʲôôŵĴ
ħŻλ˼٣βһһ
Ĭ˰죬ͻȻٴοڵ˵ֻսһˣȴǾԲŵġ
Ҳм
˵֮䣬ԭվս꣬۾һĨȻûʲôۣʱһεѹȻɽѹȻͬһش䵽ϡ
䵽껳еĵϣͫײȻһȻľħľ
һЩ²⣬Ȼ֣ԷǶľʱȴǲһ˿֮⡣
ħľǺεȵķʣŵ˵Ǳħţħ֮µһˣĪ˵־Ը̤ףҲδؾһܹľⰡ
ôͻȻ
񲻹ֻһСɣǿҲֻһ˶ѣɣôǵԳ֣
ɻӭôͬһ㣬ľڣ·ֻһʣȻ⻰䵽ȴ׻𲻳
̾ϢһŴվһħʣȻҲʲôźˡ
һʱҪ̫֮ǰұڡ·ûпı飬ľ˵ȻȻƽȻְ̺ȴ˲
ûжĽͣΪأԶľݣҲͣ򵥵һ仰Ѿ㹻ˡ
ʵϣһʱƣҲΪ˵Զľӣֻ±ֱӶֿɱˡ

ڶľв֮£һƬҵҴ𻰣ЩӸ·ֻҪһ˵̻ᱻɱһ㡣
ܣԷһܹҲûˣȻľһ˱·Ѿʤǧ
ʦҶɽٰɣ֮£ħľҲûǸӲκϽֻҪҶɽٳɹħҲһս֮ʧܣɣȻҲȥĬã־¶˼־Ȼ֮ɫ
֣ɫһ䣬ʱǳһжû׼ȥɽ٣ֻ»ɰնûУȴȥô
Ҳܻһ䵽Уȴû˿ԥ־Ȼڵ
̫֮лʲôýֺͷҲ֪Ľ֣Ǳҡ
ˡ־ƴһһ
ϧɶ򵤱٣䵽˵ز޺޵һ䣬ȴǺ޲ý̻ˡ
ͻȻʲô漴ţȥﳤϡ
ʱﳤϣȻɶǲˣڵĵƺҲԶֹɶһ֣һЩƷҩܹæأ
һˣȴǲ˼ϣѾ֮ʣ˭óһǣ
ȻﳤѾκ̤뵤ǶȻǲʲôЧġ
ת֮䣬㴳˵֮С
ﳤϣﳤϣ
ңʲôôӵ¯֮վﳤĮȻڵ
ħľڣָҪ߾棬ѪϴڣѾ֮ʣжҲԹ˰ɣﳤϵ۾
ʲô취ɫȻģﳤϷ·Ȼδ·ϣֳô󶯾ڵ֮УȻҲ֪ܲ
ɶƲôﳤϣٴαʵ
Ī˵ѾȱʧϧϣУ˴Ҳûػܹƣһﳤֱӱ˻ȥ
Щ̣ĬƬ̣ż˵¶һҪס
˵ͷ̫֮ڸ˵ϣʧȥᣬһټڸˣο̫֮嶼ס֮󣬱ȻС֮ĿţʱڶȻʵ
Щ飬Ѿ֪תٴˣﳤȴ˿ԥûУһȫ˵˳
Ǹκδۣϧô΢΢۾ﳤϵҲ֮Щʵ
ǣѾ˾ϣȻ˿ԥ
ﳤ飬˼ϲ֮⣡
ϲã
ﳤϲ˵ûκΰ취ԼǲԸⲻϧһдۣǱ˵пܰ쵽ġ˵ˣѾ㹻ˡ


 ʮ 𲶾
Ҫʱ
ƽĿﳤϳӦ֪ڵ¼֮мһʧܵĵҩΪ鵤֮󣬿˴ռ䣬ǧ֮λá
˵һ˲䣬ȴǶʱ˹־ߣֻҪ־ѣôΣȻɽ⡣һ˵ľǨŭֻҪ־ѣպ̤ףҲؽڵĻᣬǸ
ﳤʣǲǲϧһдҲҪס־档
ΪĴʵ̫ˣ־ѣҲҪǣ֪жɡ
Ҫǣﳤ˵ʱһʱ仰˵ϾҪ뾡һа취ӶԷһʱʱ䡣
ɲǿЦģľǵǿߣһ֣֮ڣֳܹʤҲûܹϵʮ֮⣬˵һʱˡ
ʱ̫ˣƴҲϲסħһʱ
ҡҡͷ
ҼȻ˵˿ڣȻа취̾Ϣһﳤ漴һԵĹץһֻƿݸǾһ£ʵ˲ֻǷ֮֮֮ţֶܼãҪ˵־ˡ
һ˲䣬ȻһĨâﳤϣҪ
ȻﳤϵȻħбȻֻƾһ仰ɰɣ
һ£ﳤϼ˵һΪŵĸˣԺԥͬҪ
ʱ䣬˵Ҳͬһľ
ǹǲǣһ̣ȴͻȻЦˣڿҰ
־Ϊ˶ɶ򵤣ﳤϵʱû𷣣ΪУΪŵĸˣٶҲֵõġ
ȴֵˣﳤϱͬľΪŵĸˣܹԼô
˵ôȻôȥһʱʱ䣬ȥһŸ˵Ļᡣ
֮ǾͰ־潻ȥҲ㱨ˣﳤЩ־溦ĳ
һ˲䣬뵽ЩȴǲЦﰽվС㣬ʵһ뵽˽ǲǣڱҰ
ﳤϲûнֻͣǾĿԼû˿ı顣
Ĭ˰죬ﳤϵǣھͿʼסҪʱ
Ὣƿ£ﳤһ֣¯ٴȼ𣬸ԹԵĿʼѰҩģ֮Ͷ뵤¯С
ȻһЦվƿЩĵȥ
Ѿû˼ﳤˣΪ鵽ֵزѾû˿תˡ
һ֣һﳤƵ񣬱ѡֻ֣ѡȨˡ
ʱЩܹﳤϵˣһΪ㾡Ѫȴʱ򣬵ҡ
û˲ηֻǣ֮ʱѡΪеԸݸһЩѡԸ͵
ڵͬˡ
Ϊǿߣô꣬ȻԱ֮ǵҪӣ˵ľĿ걾Ͳıľ׷ɱҲɵĻܹȻ
ǣô
һ̣жʱޱȳأͬѹǧʯһ㣬Щ
֪Լλص·ģʶĻˣϰߵϣĬȻ
ʦ𣿡ɫԣ־
ɫЩӣʵʦˣʦô
ʦ˵ʲôĿ־ҡͷܵʲôʱʦʦҲţһ㣬Զı䡣
㻹ǵô̾Ϣһʵ
ʮǰʱ־ҲֻһӶѡһȥڶɳûϮѪȾ̿գҲ֪ս˶ٵӡ
ܶ˲¾ŮӶ°ߣ裬ǼˣЩȴһѡϣ
ս֮£߾ˣŻʮ̫ƽ
Ǹʱ򣬽֮λͱʹһҪ־úóɳ̫̤֮ף£ΪĵӸٴθˡ
ЩΪĿģһֱάú󣬼ŵӱ۸Ҳ˷ͻ
ȻڣһۿҪ˳ɵʱȴôһϴ⡣
ѵڵôΪʲôһδνѣ
Ѿ־Ļشˣ˼ԾԽƮԽԶ·ֻصʱʱ⣬ʱҲҲѪ
ʱ䣬һһεĹȥ
һʱʱ䣬תۼţľٴʱվȻѣվ
ʦ𣡡־Ѿ׼׵ˣɽ٣ɣƱؽħˣ̫ƽܡ±Ҳʦˣٸһͷɡ
µ˲䣬־Ĺ£͸־Ȼ֮ɫһͷ
־ǷݾȻȻһȴ˾
־վһֱ֣ӽ֮ס̾ϢʦˣҲûʲôˡһʦ˵Ÿ˵ϣϣ۸ʲôĴۣΪʦ¡
ƿжʱ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫűԼס־򵤷塣
Ὣ־뵤壬ﳤϵߡ
תﳤϵﰽҪѡҸ㣬ҳϣʹ࣬ǣҵѡͬʧ
¶һ˿΢ЦѾסһʱ֮Ȼָչ˺ӳȥ
ȻŻ棬ﳤɫӵת̾ϢģҲʧġ
ȻһЦˣѹϵĵڿԷˣҲδر㲻һõĹޡ
Цƿ飬ɫľЦþûмˣʮǰ֮Ҳв̷޻ڣΪη壿
һѽ£ȻΪһӰӵ֮ϷɳЦħ֮ңξһս
Х֮þò˥ͬӡһ㣬ӡÿһڵӵУ
һ̣Х־ᣬֻȴʵڲ֪Ӧ˵Щʲô
Ц¾ҲΪ֮ηǴɷô
£ٹܵ¯ﳤҲ̾Ϣһִóһֻѣȥ


 ʮ һ꣡
־棬ﳤ߳
һľ棬һĻʱҲЩ̾ҩģҲû٣ֵҩеĵȻϵãҲŵҩЧ
νĿ鵤Ҳûƣңڵ⣬Ҳǵ̺ſռ䷨鵤
һǿڶԷĽ֮ϣʤ̾Ϊֹ
ϧҲһС
һ֣һŶԷ·Ȼʵվ˽ֵģʵҲȻġ
ûǷݸңûһ˿Ÿ˵ǿԼ־ĳ谮Լٶ˼ٶ࣬ҲԼϾ·
ɱ֮䣬ŵǴֶ̿Σֻǣһ£еĸдȴͬǳ
վڵߴŵߣָᶯĴ
˭Ѱ䴺ǡ
ֻʱȴѾܹȥˡ
Ծ߶ʵ˲ľĵزУҲûĿƣסľȴѾ㹻ˡ
˶۷壬̺ÿһײǾ춯أԱϵĻ䣬ҲڳܲסֲֿײƬƬɢ䣬ڻΪһƬĺ
ֱһ̣ȻǷ·ϵ
ѣ仨鵤
ԭѾƺô
һ̣ȻһĪĿ־УһжǸƵģǽǺεȿµĴڰ
Ҫһж׸ףǣȴѾû˿Ļˣ߾ȫľסȡһ߻ᣬģѾûȥˡ
οڶľǿֲĹ֮£ҪҲѾˡ
ϣ֮·һ裡
һ̣ȴǲЦϵĹԽ˼֣׿һе˼ʧֻƴȫľȫһսħȾһսĹ𺳡

ͬ뵽Щˣ־棡
ʱѾȻӦ˹ԭеɻѾ˽͡
磬ԭһиǷƵģ
ǸʳѰӰһ̣·ֱ޸ߴһ˿֮
˿ֲֶΣŲµһ֮̿
Լ뵽ģֶΣȻͳôܰ첻
Լ޴ΪħϮǸ⣬û뵽ȥ
ֻǣħִ֮ݻڣǺεȵķ˼һ̣־ͻȻʲôԭħˣǸµϧô
ҲֻΨһĽˡ

գϣ
ѾƴȫȻȴڻδϹһʱ
ʵϣʱδѾˣܹ֧һʱ䣬Ѿƾеִˡ
ֱڵĵâջʺʱųʧȥһеɵ˵ϡ
ǰûκͷźϲûС
ΪʱѾû˼ֻƾ豾ܶս
յľĽĿͶ֮ϣǲ΢΢
ӣӦǹɣ
һڡȻӿ³⼸֣ľƽڣͬʱŵȥ
˵ٵڲֻǾ֮ͣͲ⣬Ҫ٣ֻΪ˵һʱ֮ڣ̫֮͸ڣ˼򵥡
粢ûȥһӴ֮󣬱תص˵֮С
עܷ֧ŵһʱ޹ؽҪ
ﳤϣǲǣ
ﳤϣ־ɭȻȻȻ޷˵ȴǿԵġ
ﳤϲֻǾԹϵ«װá
ЩЩƵģһĻȻҲҪߵġ
úݵİҧ촽־ȵ
ƽת־棬ﳤ˵Ҫִңʱ䲻̫á
˵֮䣬ľҲ̤ͬ˵ɫˮĿﳤ־档
ˡ
ͷûлһ£ﳤϣƽĿڣ·ѾԤϵһС
΢΢һľЦӣʲôʱѧ˾ģ
һЩСѡҡҡͷȳȥңһЩҪ˵
¶һ˿Ц⣬ľҡͷ̫֮壬ȷӦ˷ѣûǻرĿĺãֻЩ
ȻﳤϵӣľȴҲûʲôɣò٣ǷȣԼһЩϰԵСȴǲٵġ
֮ǰȣ񷽴˵ȴѾΪ϶˷ݣû˿Ļɡ
ò˵ֹ˼άǻẦ˵ģΪ˵̬֣ݳӣҲûаһܹƭϤħľһȴ·𶼱ټ򵥲ˡ
ȵľ˳ӣ־ЦſڵҲµûǴԽħ˵ϣϧǸý㷽磬
ƽĵ־жαװָ˱ĿڵһңΪݲͬʲôת䡣
ѾۣΪ̫֮ԪôȥǣһһҲĶ֡¶һ˿⣬־ɭȻ
㲻ؼҡƽĿ־棬Ӧ֪Ϊ̿ͣұѧĴʦЩСҲκЧ
ˣƱػᱻ־̬ԻΪ֮£һС
ȻȴܹĿǷЦ֮µĿ־塣
ǵģΪѡ
÷İּķʽȡĻᡣ
̾Ϣһ絹ǲû̶ֻ֣ƽڵ־ģҴǿŮˣһһᡣ
Σһ̣־ڻָ侲ڵ
֪ôôİ㣬ΪȫΪ㼴Ҳϧ־ѯʣڵ
־Ҳ׵ĸо򵥵һ仰֮У̺źεֿĸ飬ǵģһһףǰġ
ԣǵֵزҲȻδ
ĬƬ̣־ڵ֪һǿһģ֮ǰֻǲ֪ѡ磬ֻǲ໥ãҲֻǲʺһ֮Ѿûκ谭ֻҪԸ⣬ܹһģǲǣ
־棬ȴͻȻЦ˼Ҷ˵Ůѣڣˡ
һ̣־в΢΢һ漴˵ʲôѡ
΢΢ҡͷ㰮ģֻԼѡ
ָ䵽־Ǿ֮ϣл㣬ҿ㣬ҲҵġϧѾٲҵ磡
־ڷǺεȵϤѾ˷⣬вԾһֿ־֮⣬㡭Ҫɱһô
ɱһΣ
ǰѾǵڶˣ̾Ϣ¶һ˿΢Цʵĺҵļ䵱Сʱ㣬ġ
ذĴ̳׼Ĵ͸࣬ûлͷٿһֻۣƽתȥ
һ£ȻʹȴҲζսᣬζķ֡
ͻȻһޱȵɸУ·ԴѹеİҲһ׷ˡ
̿ͳ֣δ֮ʱ
ûɣΪͬԼһԽ磬Ͷһ֣޴ͼıԼ
̿ͣͬĿֻһΡ
ѾһΣΣ綼ٸڶԼƵĻᡣ
ϻ䣬֣
ڷ˵һɱ䣡
ңֻҡʼδı䣡


 ʮ ľ̽
ʱ򣬷Ѿӣȣ΢Цſݡ
ɱ
Ȼ棬ǶľʵǺεǿ־Ϣһʧʱͱܵˡô̲ס˳ڡ
΢΢̾ϢԻϧһԸ˵֮£̫֮к󻼡
΢˵ͷľҲûٶʣǿУԪվ;ʧȥˣҲûʲôϧġ
ӣе۽һ£ľɫʵ
עص㡣
۽ϢֶΣֻҪ粻¶棬Ǻҵ΢΢ҡͷ漴Ϊ֮ʣֻݴͣ¶ˡ
ŶüͷľȴҲЩ棬Ӵô
ܼ򵥣ֻҪضֵĵطǡȻһЦҡȣ¶һ˿⣬Ψһߣ񷽴˵۽Уʵֻ֮ϣȡ۽Ҳء
⣬ľʵҲѾ˷˼΢Цӹħϣľ˴ΪͶġ
Цһľɫóһ°ɫĵͼǵϹɱַĵͼݸľͬһ·磬Իӳ֮򣬱ֻ빫ٽһϹɱˡ
ȻһݣȴȻǲɫƽĽӹ˵ͼ
ȻûɵӰ뵽ⷽˣҲֹħһˡ
ͶӰ֣Լ˼⣬ɱ֮죬ҪʵΨһİ취ǼϹɱ򲻶ѰʵĻᡣ
׼һ㣬Ȼòã˵䲻ģˣľ֮£ֻǴ粽УƱֻ·һˡ
ħ׼ĶҲֻǵͼ
ľ͸һ˿֮ɫڵħҴһƪھ򲻵֮ʱƾŤתǬ
粢ûлشֻǾŶľ˵ȥ
Ϊħһʩչʵ߿ɳʮֻǺ֢ҲͬǳأһʩչʱһȽףң֮ٲܶǶľ˵ʱҲ˼֣Уһʩչħ֮кܴǻֱħɥʧ־ΪѪ֮ħ
ħ֣Ƿ磬üͷҲ΢΢һ
ħж£ֻҪˣ˵ǽֲ֮֮ǰΪħҲͬδôڡ
Ҫشֻ۽ǵԼɨľĴ˵ϣȻһݣһľȻĵʯ֮䣬ԭڵĻȷʵʱˣľ̽ôħ֮򣬺ٴһΣ
˵⣬Ȼһ˿˪ľҲ͸һĨɱ
ľҡڵϵ֣ջأľЦǶľɹӣֻǷ뵽Ȼܹݳ˵ӣֻҲпٰܼ繫ӣʴ˲Ž̽빫Ӽ¡
⻰һıĶʱһ亹һҡ
֪֮䣬ԼȻѾڹŹǰһȦˣħľ治ԼӦĿ죬ڵʯ֮һ˿ԣѾľնɱˡ
ľ֮£Էǳ͵ϮԼʵûһ˿ѵĿܡ
֮ǰԼվЩСħ˰
ɫŵͷˣǽ˵ġ
Ӳص̫࣬ʩչħ֮֮ʱֻҪҪ߷£ħļʵʧֻҪܹõ۽Ȼܹ˵ͷͷľٴ˵
ֱ˿̣ԼԷɵġ
֮ǰᵽ֮ʱԼ˵·ʵԼ֮ϣԶȡ۽˶ľĻɡ
ħ֮浽˹ؼ֮ʱֻҪʩչȻܹŤת棬ʵ֮˵
ԼȴҲʵ̫Сϧˡ
Ϯɱ֮ʱʵԼ̫ϣûзӦʱ䣬һʩչħ֮˺ʾͻԼˡ
ңħ֮ʵ̫أû¶ʩչ
ϸϸҲмֽҡ
߽ɣһûоɱĵƣΪħˣҪûǲǻ
ڣľ֮̽ʱҲͬ¶˾Լˡ
ħ֮ǵ治֮գöľھĵħµһսҲͨ
һ˲䣬˶ľִ֮⣬뵽һ㣬ʯ֮Ż˵ǡ
ס΢΢ͷſڵ߰ɣȰ̯ʰ˵
֮ǰżּöľ˼һ̽ȴǸһǾӣʱǳϤĶľһ𣬿ɾԲʲô⣬ϸ֮Уվ̫¶ˡ
һνҷӦ˹һοɾͲһôˡ
˵֮䣬սҲڴ˹
֮ǰǷľ̸飬ΪħųϣҲչȴǲͬˡ
ֻǣڵӣɻȴǸأʣϢһΪʲôòȴ˴ĸı䣿
һ̣ѾȷԼ֮ǰϧǲһˡ
ӣ
Ȼ룬ȻԷõ˶ľϿɣȻҲùǵŶľ档
ϱ¶һ˿Ц⣬һѣ֮ǰ߲㣬ƭϣ¡
һ˵ȴǶʱһж˹ȥսеɻ󣬶ľҲɡ
Ͼ֮ǰﳤϵĿڶľߵģԼٰòȻҲʲô¡
ң΢΢Ƿսʵɣնɱʮͼܵģ˶ˣʹӣõδã
ľΪأǸɽ󣬷˳־붪ľ
Ҳ֪ľоģ⻰ȴǵشһл빫Ӷᡣ
΢΢̾Ϣһվ֪⣬Լرܲˡ
ľδ˵Ҳ֮̽⣬ѣ¶мɻ
һ˲䣬Ժ֮УٴγˣӰӡ
Ȼ̸жϤǼεĽӴȴҲ÷˼˽⡣
濴ƺĶţȻʵȴ౩壬Բʲô֮
ǻˣ֮¡
ţԸħߣϽ֡ˡɱ˱ǡ
򵥵һ仰ͬԼս̽
ձԸ齵ĵӣǰʾһЩҲǸһЩͷԸԼվһ𣬱㵱ͶԼĻ㲻Ϊˡ
ЩȫվĽǶܳ˼·ʽȫ˸˵Сˣʱ϶ľϤǸѡҲöľ̫ɻˡ
Ͼǻġ


 ʮ ݣ
ôʣµ̯ӷ粢ģҲδʡ
չͼǰĵͼȴǲһЦ
֮ǰͬϹɱַʲôɽҰȻݸС
ݸԴ֮ͨӡУÿ꿪һΣԹ꿡ʵ
ϹɱӡɶԼ̬֮ݸҲѾѹƲסֻȴȻܣų̬
ŵ۽õ۴֮´˼ߣѿʼݸۼݸÿ涨Ŀʱˡ
ÿֻʮģֻǣӿݵʵ̫ˣǿݸҲòòһʮ
ľٴ룬ݸҲͬõ˸Ĭϣôһ趨˽ԽĿܡ
룬Ͳò취㵽ʸ񣬵ʱֻҪϸ˲нʸˣܱƵ÷
ķʽݸһ֣ǷԸϹɱĴУ򣬼޷ѡ
ۣݸУǿߣ¾ʮˣв籱ǵȶ֡
Էʵݱ¶ʮ
ӣʱˣͳɡ
ƿţľѵ
ľûǷֿߡ΢΢ҡͷһ£һ˼·ż͵˷ŵ۽֮ڶ࣬һݣȻܹõʸ񣬵ȴҲʧȻ
ӵ˼ǣ
һһľҵֱӸݸ˵ڸ·ϣȶһڰЩ˽;ýʸ˵Ѱҷ硣ϾӴҪҵ۾²ס˵⣬Ҳһ˿ɫǰҵټ֮ǰ֮նɱõ۽֮ԶߣܺùҪô˵Ƥ¶ߵ۽ס
⻰ҲмֵϾһ統ô˵֣۽ĹɾǸˡħҲѹ˴ߵ۽
ڷ˵֮ƳôһȦĿȴֻǱܿľѡ
ȥݣⲻҪνӴνٽСģҲұ֤һ¶
ã繫ԡĬƬ̣ľڵͷŷ΢΢ǷȻˣľһݸȴӡ
ֱľԶŲһ
ԽԽңҲѾЩԤˡ
һԼ˵ʱеҪʵ֪Σأ۵֮УҲû˿ѡء
Ҫƾ֣ͱ֡
񣬱һƵ̶ֳȣѾѡˣֻһ·ߵףܲҳһ
ϹɱĴУȻ⡣ǣȴҲòϣʵżĺô
֮ǰɱʱһ𲶾ԼǺư
֪Ϲɱ֮п̺ΣȴҲòһ۵ȥ
񣬷Լף˵ԼһƾֵĻᣬǾǷ䣬Լ̿͵ֶΡ
ЩҲ֪ģ
ǾֵĹؼأǶһ̿˵ȴԲΨһء
ңڷ翴۱Ҳ鷳ҲͬΣ֮СҪԼô鷳
һͶӰչֳͿȷֻҪʱͲʲô˸ڷҲû˭ʸ񷴿
޸ҳƵ֮ˣǺεȵֲ
ЩƺЩ֮ˡ
΢һ£Ȼһ㣬գѾʧ֮С

սڹӣô
ݸȥΪڵ飬սѾѡ˺ޱͶľս̬ҲǺһЩ
о֮ţսܼ̳ħͳһôʣսСĵĻش
֮ôһ˿âľƽıŵȴʼδһԡ
ֻȴ˼⡣
Ȼӱ濴ƺǲ֪ΪʲôľһָоʶĴΪͬ
ĵףѾ˼ɻֻǣ̽ȴûܵóʲôŲòʱЩͷ
Щȴû˵ģǶħҲ˵
һ֤һ˿ɻǴģ㲻ܹеˡ
ݸôһоͶݸαɡ

ӷ𣡡
һصɮ£ɮһŵˣĴԿգʩСɮҪǮƣʵä
ӱϣɮ˵δһ˿·ֻͨɮһ㣬ٽݸȴǶʱɽ
ޣᣬЩڷϻĺƼûݸʲôΪ׵ĵŴ󵶲м˵
ʩԲӣ˿ƺ쳾֮£Ĵģֹ굶ʩִأȴԴȡЦ֪оŸΪЦôɮҲŭ΢Ц˫ֺʮش
ôϻ͵ĺһΪǵ˻еĵιǺУֻ㣬·Ǯ㽻ǲ
ˣ޳νĳɮ΢΢ҡͷ
ãķ棬ΪʲôǮɡһΪǵ˻ֱһ
ߣԼ֮ƾһɷֱΪ׵ʵ
׾
Ȼ³һ֣ɮ˫ֺʮһУὫǵеĵ˫֮䡣
Ȼӿ³һ׾֣ǴһϷ
ڳڵˣ·϶Ȼһһ㣬ղסеıһء
йȻйŹ֣ΪǵɫȻһ䣬˫Ȼһ٣Ȼ죬תۼ䣬ɮ˼סĵҲмٶȵĸ£˫ôţȻ̵Ƥ
ҷȱնʩ̫֪ġ
˫֮䣬Լ͸һĨɫɮ˼ŵû˿仯·ûиоȵĸһ㡣
ֱһ̣ǵɫȻˣ޺У㾿ʲôˣ
Сɮԣ͸һ˿ȱ֮⣬ڣͬʱлʼ𾭣ת˲֮䣬ΧЩ˶ʱĹз𾭣м̫صģȻΧԽԽ˹ȥҲ֧Ųס
̶̲ӵʱ䣬һֵȻȫһĿ¶֮ɫз𾭡
һԣȻ鴫ݸټ
ۼѾԿƣΪǵȴǶʱЦһеĵ˿һգʧӰ١˿ٿȴʲôףǵؽ׵ּٰġ
˫һ꣬еĵӶʱΪĩɢһء
̾ϢһȴҲһֵˣݸķȥ
ݣУƱزɰ


 ʮ ˣ

ӵתͣʮĽҶѾʣ޼ȴȻŵЦ⣬·ȫӮһ㡣
үǵڶʮѣȷҪ󣿡
ЦеĿ꣬갴һ䡣
ΧĶͽΧһȦĿɿڴĿߵĺģĽҶӣһƬܻӣʮ²ݻƵݸĺҲ
˵ûһǧĶͽֻǵʲôݣôܵѰĶĹڡ
ıؿڣ΢ЦһСǮֵʲôҴ˷дҪ죬ҪľһòͷȻҪ󡣡
žһֽʣµĽҶȫȥȻڵɣҪ󡣡
֣Цеƿ˸ӣֻȫ1£ȴС˼¡
˹֣ЦĽǰĽҶȫԼǰˣүʵڲ̫ãҪ
ĳģȻǲ¿õģֻۿϵǮѾĸɸɾˣȻǲٶˡ
ǿɲɣɫһ챾ӾָͷˣһѴûпôߣ
⣬үСĶ죬ֻҶӶѾˣҪôģ̯̯֣εʵ
㿴ֵӣмĺһִӳһֻƿĹۿϸˡ
΢΢һʶĽӹƿʵشȴϺõ񣬵ƿֻҲֵǧңԻֻʢõģĶɵж
СĴƿӣʱһɷֻҩѾ˾Ϊ֮һ񣬷·ë׶͸һ㡣
һ˲䣬϶ʱ亹ˣȻֻǸСݸĶĳô꣬еģõ鵤
ⶫļֵûҪǣӳֶԷȻҲ߰
ǵȥŹȻˬ죬ҲȥⶫߵĶôã
˵⣬ֶܵӣƺЩͷָʵ
Ʒ񵤣¶ڵؽ׸ҲйЧɣⶫȻԵʦ֣֮мС꿪ڣ¥ϱһ꣬ЦĶʮĳҲˣӺαǲЩˡ
üͷ΢΢һ漴ЦȻˣһΣ
˼һȣ֪γƺ
ңҲһһ֣ˣ˵Σָߵ棬΢Ц
ȤǾô˵ˡЦǿͣӣҡɡ
ãҲƴǣһģֻǷӵĘbȻһڿзʮͷȴʼղ
һȴǶʱ㽫ΧĶͽסˣһۻңֶ˵ˡ
˼Ǹְոջ˼أ
ոӮʮҶӵͷ亹һ֣֪ԷĶԶԼ֮ϡ˵ˣԼǼֱ췽ҹ̷
ž
䶨Ǵһ˿Ц⣬ɡ
˲ֻ֪ǿ֣ȴǱųһ亹󷲶֣ܹӵҡжӵĴСȼѾֻǿֻһˣոտһҵҡѾжˣµһ˲䣬ײһ죬ǡôڸһӵҡѾ޷жϽˡ
ֶΣһǺЦЦֻǹӽӶҡˣȴҴСȴô
⻰һ˶Ϊ֮һ㶣㱻³Ѫҡ飬Ҳ̫˰ɸǲ´С䰡
ˣ鴫·硣
磡
һڣɫʱȻбһžâĶסꡣ
ˣĹݣֹκ˳룡
˲䣬Ըգ֮䣬м»ԾԽĹݷ
зӦĶͽ˷ݣҲɫ䣬뿪ȴѾ̫ˣֻ͵͵˿һЩԼصȺ֮Уȴͣ
磬ǸݣӦͨļһȻԼʲôʺ˰ȻҲϡ
вˣתͷҪ֮ȥţҪ֪񷽴ϢѾǳֵǮˣֻҪȥʳǵʮˡ
Цһ£꣬ε֣ǹΪҰһ֣ˡ
ӱϿ˵ȻӮˣǣʵϣȴǹˡԴ˵Լݣһʵϣȴһвǡ
ȻһЦЦðǰ֣ĶĳȻҵĽҶӣҽһС鷳ƺӦҲְ̫ɣ
ԭ⣬꣬ӮʮҶȴǲһЦ֪Ǯá
Ҫһʸ񡣡ƽĿź꣬
üͷȻһ֣Ҫһݣ֪Ұõ˽ʸСҲһˡ
˲֪ǽԴϲҲֻ΢Цſڵ
üͷȻ˵Ͳ£ҳţͳ㣿㣬۰ٱ
£ԣšǴһ˿Ц⣬˵
ʲô˼һ˲䣬ɫʱļΪѿĶŷ
ģֻҪǸʸѡȻһЦ㿴Һܺ˵ǲǣ

ƽҲ߳Ƶڷǰȴ·𴦴⣬һжڣһ׹еĸоô·ѲǲƵ
Ĭӣ꣬ſЦŴóһöɫƣֱӶ˷硣
ݸĹأÿο֮ʱʸ߷ľÿһƶ̺ݸһʶٲá
˿֮գƲˣľ֣ܽ룬ʧԶȡʸ
ľӵ50飬ǹȴȻδ䣬ݣȻܹǰֱõľȴͬʧ
ʵϣʽ֮ǰľɽܻ˿š
ֻû뵽羹ȻֱӶѡ
лˣȻһЦľЦıȭֻĿȴԾ䵽ΧЩͽϡ
Цŵ£һɱƣգ֮䣬Ǽ»ʱ֣һĹ֮ЩùĶͽɱ˸ɸɾ
ЩǴһ˿Ц⣬΢΢ҡͷ


 ʮ ٶһΣ
һץƬҶӣϴһ˿⣬˫˲Ϣ֮䣬ǼƬҶȻڿдһ˿âգ֮䣬㽫Ǽ»һɱ
ڣô
Ȼˣˡ¶һ˿Ц⣬һ̣Ȼ˹ȥ

ͬʱ국ڵ߾ߣƺҲ̫˰ɣ
Ŷͣ½Ų絭ڵΣ
һӮˣľߣھɱңǱ¶ĹˡȻ
Ȼת綢ڵΪҲɱ㣿
㵱ȻңңֻѾɱڵĴɣ˿Ϊ⣬꣬ݵɱң͵ʰ̯ӣðű˷ֵķղǣݸҪ˶֮ꡣ
һ£˵ɱңҪһ֣ңõѡ
һ㵹ԣݸǱݣݶáȻܹһݣǳȴϾг⣬ңݸϤ̶Ҳôܸȡ
ɱֱݳӹȻҲǸ취ǣԼ˽ȴϾ̫٣¶ϲߡ
ȻݸĿҲֻΪ˶һľϹɱɣȻ˵
һҲû´ŷӣȻô˶ҪԼ˵Ҳǵôһնɱ˲ǡ
Ҫǣһ˼ҷϹɱ򣬾Լ˳ȥˣʱָô죿
Щͷʹĵط
ڣȤٸҶһô
ĬƬ̣¶һ˿Ц⣬ðɣСˣôģ
֮һᣬѹ֮ǡñһľҶ˸ʩֶΣʲôķȵõǿľΪʤΣ·ѾЩݿڵ
עأʼ磬絭ʵ
ʤģʲôҶȫ˼졣ѪģҷʲôҩʲôвҶ͸һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ֮Ҫ۽
۽
Ŀģᣬȫûлõ۽ķʽǵõĵ۽ѷʽȻǰǣӮˡ
һҪ۽»ûôֵǮ͸һ˿֮ɫ絭ˣͬʱȡ
ȻͬΪؽףôľ֮£ȴʮİܹɱԷһ㣬Ƿ绹Ǻ꣬
۽վֻʧ˵۽Ҳͬ԰޾鷳㲢˿Ϊ⣬ݵοӮĲҵȫİ˴Ϲɱ֮Уž޴档
ãüͷһ絭ڵұһ֡
һԣ
һޣ
꣬ΪģĽһ㣬ת˲ʧ˶ĳ֮⡣
΢΢ҡͷԴȴǺġ
ȱ˵Ķľ֣¶ԷûٻӮӮˣԼԽ۽Ҳߣ
νĵ۽УԼѡ񣬶һѵ۽ܹġ
ǿͼߵ۽ΨһĽ⵽۽ɣ
Լ۽ɵ۽˸߽ɵУ󣬸߽ɻǲò۵˼۽ͻԼУ
ŷ˼ܹߵ۽Լ鷳Ĺϵ֮õġ

ٴݳͨ˵ӣ߷ݸСϸĴ˰գǳ׸顣
һεᣬʵݸģҪַʽԼлᣬԼоһ˿ɹᣬ׷ϹɱĴУһҲˣ
ֻǣݸ֮£ǿƷ׸֣λټĲãûֱӶȡ

仰˵ҪõľͱǱ֡еָЦõķʽǰźˣֱľȻҪľ˳֣ľ
Գ棬ݸľٳµĻֻɣ鷳Ե漴ѵ
˲ôˣһ¹شΣľ͸һ˿âҪ۲ƸԶ޷ǵңοľȻ󣬵ҲЩϧһдȥֻҪǶѪа취ܵõ
ǣϾǶΨһˣһ˾Щ˱ֻзӡ
⣬֪ͨʦᵱ죬ʦ棬Է˹ǽ
ǣ
һУ꣬ŷԸ£ϣüͷ
ֶȻƺ֮ӣνʮľƭߣһѡ
ҪǵģֻһӮˣܻᷴڶѡ
Ͼϵ۽£Ҳǲܡ
Ȼ¶вأڣԼȻὫϢͱȥʱѭأЩȻƵķѡܹѣҲûǰϹɱˡ

Ŀ⣡¶һ˿֮ɫң˵ͶӰȻ֣п٣Щˣ֪취Լʵۿ⣬һ˼ֻɱһ󱲣Ц֮
Ŀ⣿ҿЩˣĵӰɡ˵֮ˣһЦңӣȻӣ۴ˣϵպδϵ㡣
ҵ£òġȻɨһۣңȻ
ңӣ㲻ҪģҰѻ⣬һҵݸͼάǵӣݹҵȲ档
⻰һʱ͵õ˲˵ĸͣĵ۴еģǿŵ۽ġ֮˿̣Է̬ȶǳһ£ΣһΣ磬κ˸š
⣬ңȴͻȻЦҡͷǵΪϵҪȥݸ
ңӣ㾿⣿
ЦһҲ۷ǿߣȴѡȻһЦңȻϵΪ飬Դ֮ްֹϵ
⻰˵ĿɾЩˣֱǽڳЩһ˽ȥ
˵ңӱ˵СȻֻеؽʵȻҿȴҲԶܹƵϵҵǺܺ棬Ǵ˴ٱˣˣһʲôס
ңӣ
һ֣ңӰˣЦϵҵҪ˭κεң
һƣ˿̣ң͸Ϣȴϵ⣬һһȴӲһƥеĸо
ޣˣҲ֪˭ЩͶӰն
ʤܲ£ܺùЩֵûУֻҶһ󱲵ǿĶࡣЦһңȴѹٴЩˣһ֮䣬̤ŽأգʧӰ١
ռ䷨
ֱһ̣˲Ȼڵգңڿռ䷨ϵѾһ󲽣֮ǰͬնˡ
ôȥѵңӣп̤һ̤֮ϵľô


 ڰʮ ᣡ
ڿʼ
ʽʼнһСʱ֮УȻ˽λãǼҲѾ˸ϵˡ
򵥵һ֮УѲߵĻͶʮңҲʵиֹܸоĵ֮УͬʱеǿߵϢû˿ȡɵĻᡣ
٣롣
ոս߱ʱӭ
סģ۾ǵ÷ãôǵõġ
΢˵ͷϸĴһ£ȷһԼԤϣκ©֮󣬺Ż߽˹䣬ֻĿȴһֱͣڴ֮УͼȺ֮ҵм
ǼŵߣͿ쿪ʼˣʲô©򣬱ǿǵԴҲ𡣡ϴһ˿ưһѺ֮ɫֺѵ
ǣˢˢĴӦһͬʱӦɢ˿ȥ
ӣô״̫ã˿һߣͬļ
ˣ˰ϣ˵СġɤЩɳƣͷʹָָԴ
ҿõİɣüŪ۵ײһ£ѹ
ٺ٣˵ˣͷȥƨ̵ģ˷Ų°ЦЦҡԴˣȸ°ɡ
ܿͬ飬СĵĴһΧŴҡڵź̨ȥ
վסʲôˣʲôԺúţʲôں̨Ļٺӣĺǳ
λ磬СĽӣոҹλ磬֪˭ܽһ˵̽ͷ̽ԵĹ˸ǣЦ˵
ģĪĿ˿ӣһƿ˼ܿ⼸ߡ
ġСĵİ忿ԱߣСڵ
û˵ЩʲôȻоһʹ˶ٺú߶ûһֱ˹ȥ
Լ˲2ӵʱ䣬ֻǻ˻
٣ʲô⣬סֵĻǻߵһ٣ζǱˡ
ô£⼸ʵ
˵ܵʲôԶݣ̨ȥҼӣҸи㡣һǻֽó˿һۣż˵ģôӣҪô
⣬⼸ҲЦСƨҲ֪Ū˼ӣ͸Ҹˣ󣬵Ц
ˣ˵ˣţҽȥʴǼһ˵ܵʲôԶݣȻĺģȴҲǶӸСΪáȻĶܣɲֵġǻһۺ̨ſڵ
⻰˵ȥɣģҲǸСʲôŹϵ㻹֪ƵˣҲһ仰¡˵ͷ⼸˵
Щ߲ͬٶ׵ʵ˵ȻҲЩġ
˵ͷǻתȥţҲùӡ
ˡ
ԶԶĿͳ죬ǻʱǰ
ʲô£üͷȻְصܲǻ
ˣܸո˴˻˵üɼ֣档˵ǵõϢ˵ľ⡣Сĸǻ˵
Ϣĺһ漴ЦľԿŵģʲôɵĵģ
ǿǿߣţͲõ˭ȥ
ǣСģȥ˵ͷǻæӦ
һȣüվþôĴܵǻͳſڵˣǶӵֵ£ȻҲûȥȥŰɣţõĲУʲôʣҲ࿴
ס

үľŵģûܹӽ˽⵽֮󣬱˹㱨
΢˵ͷ꣬ڳ׷ʦأ
үѾˣǼλ˵һʱѲ
ˣ֪ˣȥɡеָ국Ը
ʱ򣬼Ѿܹ϶ˣǷҪӮֻܵԼľ֣֮뿪ȥ·ϣؼʱ
벻Լİɣô˵һ䶨ˡ
Ц΢΢۾Ҳ˵
ѾʼЩͨƷȴ᲻˿Ȥġ

ţÿƷḶ́ǻȴǲһ˿΢Ц
һжԼԤϵȫһÿһƷиָػΨһܹӽĻᣬչ֮뻤еʱ
׸ֻ𿴻ƷչϣһȻͲˡ

ʮûиߵģʦվ̨ϣ˵ܹȥϹɱܴеľûᣬľļֵҶ˵ˣиߵô
򣡡
˵֮䣬һ6ŹᴫֱӺôһ
ƽȻڶ˵Ľò̫󣬵ľҲĳĿѣˡ
ϾôһѱǮȥչĵرҲѾ㹻˰
ôֱʣ㲻ѾΪͽҪһľôô֣
׸֣ųڵһһЦʵ
ҿҲ֪СӺֶѡҡҡͷЦС£ǲܵģǮԼ׬ģôãҲԼ顣
ȻǶôǡЦһ£һףҡͷϧˣǰ׵һϣǸվû
ν᲻ҲֻһӶѣŪôʵΨһĿģ÷ľ
ĻЩǿߵݣôעһᡣ
ܻлġҡҡͷ漴ԸϹɱĻᣬܴŵġ
һ£˵ǣ˵λʦңƺѾ˿ռ䷨ʱ̤һסǿвֻ֣Ҫ·磬ûôס
޷ңӱǿҲվֻһˣѵΪôΪҡҡͷǿߣ漴˵ˣҲѾˣҲɢ˰ɡ
˵ͷŻźİȥ
ͬһʱ䣬ľڼ֮£ͬʱźڵİȥ
ϣ
һһһûվȣͨһװߵϣײ˵ϡ
ˢһ£ǻʱĲҰף亹˲ˣֱ˿̣ҲûŪףԼôֵ᷸ͼĴ󣬱ŵĻ˵ˡ
СЩһæǰ߷ͬʱľߵУһЩܿûһк³ġ
˵ͷæľȥ
٣ĵľ


 ڰʮһ ˭ˣ
ƽǴֱʣʤǲǸøһˣ
ֽȥſź꣬Ȼڡ
ôʦͽӵӻǷǳϤģһŪôֱԼػıƱزС
ԥһ£Ż˵˷硣
磡
֣ȥ·ħһ㣬һ˲öĿһĶס˺ꡣ
еľʤǵһģ˭õľ˭Ӯ
һ˲䣬㷴Ӧ˹΢΢ףҪ⣬ȷһ¶û⡣
ûʶעʲôԼĵӣЩ飬ҲǱһЩɵĿռȽϺá
дľĲ⣬޷١ľһ֣ʤֱܷˣĵģǻͱٻƭȥҲʵ̫Цˡ
һ£ʤĳҪ̣ΨһĻᣬǴжľˡʶʦҡ
۾ʵԶ֮ϣһ֪ľ֣ҪľǣԷͻȻǿᣬЩԭѾڼ㵱ˡ
ãҵҲλܱۿе꿡塣ȻһЦ漴ȥ
˵ʵʤҲȲǸ֮ʱնɱؽǿߵķ磬ǶĵĻǾһˡ
һ·֮ϣʤСҷŹһ˿紵ݶȻǣֱصĹݣҲû⡣һöľҲʼնš
ǷĽųҲ̫Щɣ趼Ѿˣ
Ȼʤ̤Ĺݵ˲䣬ȴȻһ˲䣬Ȼ͵ı˼£ĶڶĹ֮аŲ豭ķ硣
˲䣬Ȼĳʤߣͬʱ˶˳ȥֱ׵ϢĹݶ
ֹȻˡǴһ˿֮ɫʤ˵
жߣƺѾ䶨ˣҲķˡ
һǧֱľĴҲССֶˡ¶һ˿Ц⣬ƺҲںʤļȻҡͷת磬
ΣңҲмǡ΢΢ףڵȻһǰ֤ˡСͽĶľ֣Ҳþɡ
ֵĶľ֣Ǳ֣ȴһǧס͸һ˿м絭
֮ʱԲܳǮ򣿡Ҳںŭƽ˵
յĺһȴڻǲδ
˵ֱ˵Цҡͷʮľƭȡߣ뵽ƫŶѡ
⻰ҲֱסĬƬ̣ŵ˵ͷ֪¿ɻأ
ľѾѾȻҪָʤģз֮Īˣôȶڣʤ㾶Է
ҲҲҡͷԵ˵һ䣬漴ڵǷڣֻעʵ̫أһֿ¶䲻𰡡
һ£ż˵ҿգ͵ûǰߵľҲһ֣㿴˿ɷ񣿡
ǲװɣڵϷһöģߣҲǶĲ֮ˣǵ䲻ֺαȥģ
ҪԼһҲϧͷʵ
⣬΢΢һͣʤµĶע
ȻҶģǾҪĴ㣬ҲϧһĪǷֻ᲻ǵ۽ôʤһҧ
۽ջʵ̫ˣôãڵõᣬܷ
üͷ΢΢һ̽ٴʵ˵治ܷˣ
ֺ֣αˣһףĪΪ˱ܸѹҷôʤЦ
⣬ķǳԣ޷ǾķʽԼΪأֻԴթԼľֶѡ
˵ˣ޷ǾսͽģǱ޿ΣûУɹģҲöˡ
ͺñƾţһƣȴƫƫҪװһƵļƳҪһףöԷһʼƲϼעȻжƣҿơ
Щ·˵򵥣ȻʵϣҪȴԲһ׵飬οɱƾŸҪӵĶˡ
ľʤȴ쳣ᶨģƾɣҲ˿ܶҡǡ
ôеľܲǼٵģֻҪסһ㣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ȴֻǾתǰˣҲ˵ô
ٴ䵽ϣһ˲䣬ԶǣҲһ˿ҡԼо²ֻսթô򵥡
ֻ鵽һҲѾûˣ򣬼ǿѹƣʤҲĵġ
Ķͽ䣬ҲҪշƣķڷĿŷ磬ڻǿڵϷ˭˭Ӯֹ˷ڣϷһ
⻰һ֤Զݣֻ˽⻰һڣҲûٷڵˡ
򣬱ԻٵģպҲдˡ
ܼ򵥣ԽĶͽԽˣһݺᣬƽջˣһǣľ֣ȴ򲻿Իġ
ľȻ뷽ĵģǼȻѾǾ͵ˣĳŵԶκԣǶҩƶЧĶࡣ
¶һ˿Ц⣬ĽٴηŵʤϣȻڵȻˣְľþɡ
ã
һ˿âʤû˿ķϻֱӽľݸ˶
ľĲʼΪ⣬Һݸһ˿ڣٲãľһ֣֪ľм١ҲˣԼΪʲôôǿˡ
Ŀٴηŵϣ˵ֻǾĵŷӦ
ţǰΪֵһľ֪Ƿ棿˿δһзϣȻʵ

һ˲䣬ȻһЩʲôȻеľ˹
һ̣Ų¶һ˿Ц֮ɫ̾ϢһСѹȻֶΣһΣСͽˡ
⻰һʤɫȻĲҰףŵĿһ˲䣬ԴЩѪ춼ûӦ
Ǵһ˿Ц⣬Ŵһľʤǰ˻ΣǸһ飬ոĵġ
㾿ģ¶һ˿ɬֱ˿̲˹ֻҲ벻ͨô׸ֵػ֮£ľ͵תĻġ
޷ҲһЩСɶѡûн˼ֻǾŶȻˣӦòֹȡעɣ
Ӳ֣ȡľٵսÿһڷ֮ڡ
ǶԷܷڣҲͬڷĿ֮ڡ
һ̣ȻӱϿƵᣬȻʵϣҲѾĽԼľˣֻҪ춯أسɴת˲ʧˣΪǿߣҲס


 ڰʮ Ӳ
Цһ£ʤڻҡͷˣճɣ˶ĶһܼЩ̫꣬ˡܻõ۽Уʢ顣
̾˿ʤҲʹ죬û˿ˣ˼̯֣һз
оҲ÷мִóһŵҩ˹ȥ˶Ϊ֮ǰףƾʲôҽʥҲ޷ҵ˿Ƕ֮ʱȴʱ޻ء
⻰˼ѾǳˣһֽƵֶΣгǱ£Դ֮ٶʱǳ׽˶Էϡ
νܹҵ˵̫ţ٣ҵҽĻʮܹ⡣ҽȴܹյˡ
ҴӦ˷֣ۣʲôΥ֪֮£ȴҲ룬಻һѡ˷һۣʤų˵
Ȼ˷磬ȻǷݰȴ˿δһ統Ǹꡣ
ȻҲѣǿѣȻһЦ絹ҲΪ⡣
⣬ʤŵͷǵҩȥûһ˿ԥ
Ȼˣȸˡ΢΢Ƿڵ
ܶ飬վǲ㵱Ŷ˵ģȻѾʤȻԸٶָڡ
ֻδϵķӦȴվǱԼĸΪҡ

һһ֮ǰȴԼ˷뿪ĵ·֮ϡ
к£΢΢һݣϣȴȻһƵӡ
Ϸ򣬿׼ôƳŷ磬ڵȻƺЩ֮ӣȻȴòϣԷʸ
ȷ𻰣ѾԹԵ˵ȥСͽĶԼѾϷȴҪ㣬ܲʧԼ˰ɣ

ȻЩǿʶȴҲǡÿäϣ
ϾʤѾԼ˶ҩǶľȻҲͽȻû˵ΥԼ߶ŵԡ
ҩɲϣɱңͽҲᡣȻû˿֮ɫƽڵ
ȻѾԼˣұֻѾˣѡ񣬹ֲˡ˿Ϊ
΢΢̾Ϣһһ˿ǿ߹ȻûһúŪİ
ȻˣǷԳҶһΣ¶һ˿õЦݣʼ磬˿ΪĿڵ
㣬ûǸʸ񣡡͸һ˿мȴǸٲ˵Ļᣬһ̧֣һ£ȻֻƽƽһƣȻȴվǿߣһɱؽ׸֡
ڶУ㷽⣬Ҳֻһؽ׶ѣȻԼǰԼ̸ʸ
ؽףֻһȽ׵Ĳ࣬ȻʵȴԶһ޷Խĺ蹵
ߣֻǱ¶سɴֶΣӰʵ̫󣬲򲻵ѣʵڲԸ֪ġ
ңˣֻҪѼϢй¶ȥʤ߻ʹ˶ϵһ鷳
˵ʹľϣǷҲЩȻ͸һ˿֮ɫ˿ı۽һһɴ̹ǵɱ⣬ӭһơ
ɱһѪ·
Σ֮£ȴٴζɱ䣬Ȼл¾µ壬ȴòϣɱȷֲ޶ˡӵԽԿʸ
䣡
ƽ¶һ˿֮ɫӲ֮ܵһ˿ˡ
⻹Ƿ羭٣֮ؾ˱ԴԶѰؽ֮ϣ򣬵ֻһѾԽˡ
׿֮ǰ˵Ӱɢ˲ᣬǷһǿ߽֣ʱĺ޷֮ȻУǷȴԼܹоҪɱԼǿߣҲ븶һ۲С
ɹ֮ɱ䣬ǿֲ֮ģֱ˿ǿ߽棬ʵĸоеĺô
һ޹Ҳ¶һ˿֮ɫҪ֪ոһȴ۽δʰ
仰˵ԷȻȫűʵӲԼƴһǣҼδ
һִֻҲѾһˣֱǵ߸ʶ⻹ǵؽô
ͬһת󣬷ȴǾЦҲҲһԣ
͸һ˿âе۽ȻϮһɹĴӡȻȻƺ̫ǿȻ̺еĹ֮ȴΪ֮һݣٲ˿֮ġ
䣡
һ⣬һ޴Ȼ£Ȼŷ˹ȥ
նʶ
û˿ԥ־Ȼչŵ۽ٶͷųգ֮䣬ĽȻ͸Ӳһ
۽ն
һնʶ
ҲǷΨһյһնһʩչֲֿĹ֮ǷҲһȻ
˵ɱһְԵɢһʽֻһľȻô۽նһϵΨҶĿ
һԶع
۵ǣνعһ֮£ҶĲǴط棡
һ˲䣬ȻобӲ˲䣬·һƬ֮Уʧȥһеĸо
ּ˵ĸоֱ˷񣬼׵ʵһ˲䣬Ҳһ˿ĪĿ־֮С
Ȼ˲䣬ǿֱͻ˵۽նĿƣȻһ˲䱻ȫնʶĸоȴʵһĿֲ
ǶԷ磬Ƕۣ
ȻҲ֣ȴվûо۵Ҳף۾жֲ
ȻһȴףΪʲôͶӰһǵ۽̳֮󣬻˿ֲȻ󲨣Ƶ¸Ҫϧһд۵Ļɱ硣
һѾĸܵЩеηˡ
Ųոƿص۽ûãңҲֻǵؽ׵ʵնһѾ˵Ŀֲǵɳأ
Գֽ֣ǺεȵĿֲ
˿һֳ嶯Ҫնɱһλǿߣ
˵һ޷ʵֵ롣
ǣһȴ÷翴ϣ
ֻն϶Էʶһ˲䣬Ƕڴ̿˵ֻҪõõһ˲䣬Ѿɾɱˡ
һ̣ȴȻһǿŻԼʸЩֵֻۣҪʵȥоԵţնɱκǿߡ
ȴҲЩʱ䡣
ûаջɱҲû㣬˵ֻҪö֪ԼܹӾѾ㹻ˡ
Ҫģ޷ǾһƽȶԻȨѣһ㣬һնѾﵽˡ
ȻһЦ絥ֳŵ۽ڵڣʸһô


 ڰʮ Ѿˣ
ڣʸһô
ңǰ΢Ц꣬һ̣ͻȻоԼѾˣӵţؽ޴ĺ蹵ȻҲԼ٩٩̸¶˿ɫ
ʵԼʸԼƽ̸С
ôģŷ磬ãŻڵ¶һ˿˵ζ
ܼ򵥣Ϲɱаµʱ䡣¶һ˿Ц⣬֮ڣҽնɱһλǿߣ첻䡣
Ѿһٸ߹ˣȻ⻰һȴ¶һ˿޷֮ɫ
Ϊǿߣǳؽ֮Ĳ࣬ŵĵؽǿߣҲԽɱף⼸һɡ
Ȼ񷽴ѾչֳǿƵ̬ҲǿǿҪնɱǿߣҲ췽ҹ̷
ͷһתƺʲôֻǻû˵·𿴴˼ģҲõ۽
һ̣סˣõ۽նɱǿߣôܣ
עʲôûмڻش𣬳ĬƬ̣ʵ
Ұ첻˫ַϽҩңԴ֮󣬾Ҫͽκ£㵱֮ǰδĹŶ絭ҽҰ쵽ˣҲֻһҪ󣬶ý֮й¶֣ҲùҪͽʲô
Ƿողδ뿪ԭֻжס죬ļƻźüУ򣬵Լֻǽ಻ϵ鷳ѡ
ܹƽҸġƬ̣Żͷ
Ҳ˵ıռ˺ܴˣһҲһöĵģʵ˸ûаʤе۶ô
ʦͽ֮䣬һ޿ֲѺۡ
Ȼ֮ǰĵ˵ʤʱ򣬾ѾˣǣʵϣΨһĵӣҲͬǼΪصġֻҪһ߻ᣬȻԸ潫֮
ıǸףѾ㳹׶ϾӵĹϵ򣬷ĻһڣѾòˡ
˵Ƿй©֮£ڶ˵ʵҲ㲻ʲô⡣
־磬ȻνǵڷϢͿУͼ߲ǵ۽ѡ
񷽴ȻѾչֳеֵ㼸Ѿ۽ͷǷ˵Ϣ˵ûʲôҪˡ
Ȼˣʹ˸ǡȻǣһǣһ㣬־ʩչ˼ޣգ֮䣬Ȼʧ˶ߵС
Ҳһֲ̬ٶȸ߶ҲԼ
ֱ糹뿪̾Ϣһ漴Աߵ
ʦģаӮô
Ŷãʤʵ
ѾһƽҲǸŷһѣĽʲôʧȥô
㣬аôδشֻʵ
ǰģʵν˭Ψһ𣬽ڷѡ
ǣڷˣǶʵ塣
ǱˣΪʮʤ㣬ǡĻ֪Ϊʲôһֱǿܻ䡣Цһ£ʤԼ֪Ϊʲô˵ɥĻ
Ҳ֮ܵǰܼӰ죬ҲǱصʶ۷ֻߣ߽У֮һ̣֪ΪʲôѾʧȥ˱ʤġ
ʵѾˡ̾ϢһҡͷӮôûжľ֣Ҳй¶ϢˣΪȻлɱǿߵʵҲвҵʵ
һ£ż֮첻ҲѾʱϵϹɱˣǸʱ˵˵嶼Ѿˡ
һöģЩ飬ȻǿģܱŪ
ȻˣʦΪλҪӦ⣬ʤΪɻˣȻѾЩܾǸΪɴࣿ
Ȼأʤʵ
һ˲䣬ʤȴǲ΢΢һӦ˹ǰȻأ
Ѿչֳ㹻ʵ㲻ǿ߿⣬¶Ҳıˣе۽֣ǿпŤתǬ
ʱܾʲô
޷ǾǱƷɱԼȻѣһö֮
Ǹģնľ˵пӵлɱǿߵʵģһҪɱǿߣ¾ͻΪˡ
ɹĿܺСȴҲֿܲܲǣ
ģԼһӮʵûʲôʧ
ģԼ̾ͻһΪĺ鷳
ٽһǶľܾԼĲʦһ˿ô
һ̣ʤףԭľѾݲþܾˡ
һ̣ڷ磬ʤһּɵ֮⣬һֳǵĺ⾿ҪкεȿֲĻ뷴Ӧô̵ʱ֮˿µĲ֣
Ҫǡ֮⣬ܹնǿô
ľֽ֮ʱ˳ŵԽնɱǿߡĵˣ˭֮ΪУ
һ̣ʤȻԼҪŵ۽ľٶǺεȵɡ
Ҳֻˣʸӵǰ߳Ƶĵ۽ɣ
ѾԼѾ޿ɻرܵУֻܹģҲֻоˡ

ϸʣ֮䣬·Ҳһ㵭ıɴ
ŵ۽ڽϣǲһ˿ĻߣŽֵȺȴǲԾĲһ˿ҸС
Ծ䣬ԼƺҲѾͨ˵ķء
ԶԶĿһϤӰ΢΢һɫĸȥ
Ȼʱķ磬ҲѾݳͨӣϵ۽ϢΣܹϳԼ
ң鷳һɾϷ
˫ֺʮڣϲһ˿̻Ǽ򵥵ɮ£ӱ濴ȷͨнɮκ
ϡЦЦĵͷǱӣҪϢһ£
лǷ񣬻ЦŵлԵԱߵ
ϸȻ󣬵ȴҲѾϵɮ´ʪȻһ⣬ȴҲͬͨһʵһëȥϵˮ
Сʦӣݵ˰ɣӣСЦΪԵϲˮһûһĵ
ոյݸԻԵʵȻûҪںͨˣֻǻȴȻûκμӣ΢ЦС˵˿ᷳ
ڽ䣬ŻоǷ磬ȴҲò׿̸һɮˣȴҲȷֵ𾴵ġ
ƺͻȻ뵽ʲôǹһ˿Ц⣬ҡڵŻȥСʦһ𣬽Ե֪ǷңСʦһի
ɾĳԳ¾ɣȻȴǳʮ㣬û˿Ȼ彣һҲֻ֪װõģֵǮ
ϢƺҲֻͨ죬ȻͨҲ㲻ȴҲûʲô˼
ӷ𣬼ˣСɮлʩˡ


 ڰʮ Ѫɫ
һֻЩɻСʦ֪ɷΪҽ󣿡
£ϴŲõЦݣڣϡ
ӷ𣡡
һţԵʩ˵Сɮ䲻ţȴҲԵ߾ȫ
ԣسɷһˣɱޱɱͻȻһȻһʹôû֮Ļ棬ֱѡһ˵㡣
ҷȱֻҪĻ򣬱ɵþꡣ˫ֺʮ΢΢ҡͷ
ˣǶЩɱ̫ȫȻûͬ˼羲Ż׷ʵ
ԲӣĻȻԸΪ֮еȴܺùһ֮
ޱȣҿѪծѪһɵþ꣬˽ԿԴΪַ֣ǲ֮մ裬֮д¹ƽ֣漴ҡͷ˽ǴȻǷҲܷһ֮Ĩȥ֣
ӷ𡣡ŷ磬һ̣ǻȴҲЩ֪οˡ
⻰Ǵ󲻾һ䣬ȻǷҲܷĿɿڴ
ʩҲ˽ɻд
⣬ȴͻȻЦСʦ𣿡
СԻҡͷ
Ȼˣ𲻹ѣ֮Ϊţüͷ΢΢һ
һڻԵĳνССѧ߽Ǿֺڷı粵ֻһʱȴץסҪʩԣ
¶һ˿Ц⣬漴ҡͷһλɮԻһǰ֮𣬽Ϊ
΢ЦҶԣзǰɱ֮
⻰һڣԵɫ䣬ס˷磬㾿Ǻˣ
ǰЦ𣬽һ㣬־Ȼչ˲Ϣ֮䣬ȻʧӰ١
־һжʱһĨ⣬˲Ϣ㷴Ӧ˹ֻ׷ȴѾˡ
ãſЦҡҡͷһ磬ʲô

Ųڽϣ뵽ոһȴǲһ˿Ц⣬ڻ˵ǾһױȵĳȴҲǷĿġ
ҲĿģᣬڻǰԼĴڡ
ˣڷзλһɮ˸ΪȤһЩĿڽԼݸ鴫ȥһѵѡ
ȻչֵزҪЩԼĴڲǡ
Ȼ֮⣬ԼҪľͽֻǵȴˡ
ڷ˵ݸ̸ϤܵõһЩź֡
֮ƣ׿ǸĲᣬҲȷʵҪһ޵Ϯɱ֤Լʵõαװ
ܼ򵥣ݱֳ˿ֲսȻͻԽֳ࣬ˣԼϧӵݣݣ˸֮ϵһ
Ǻѽڿ̯ǰơƺ˴ƨļһϵһһ
Уͬαװİ

̶̲һʱ䣬ݸ
Ե˷ݸ飬Ҳͬʱ־ţǿһʽ̤ݸ
񣬷ݿǴͬõĵ۽УУѾ͸һһֵơ
һţһĸֵ֮ҲˣЩûģȻǼΪмġ
ǵؽʵȻ֮ͬУﵽҲֻһ
˵۽֮⣬ܶҲɱǻɱ磬̧Լݡ
֮һ֣ȴǺε˰
ݸԴ˻ᣬϣһնɱ磬ߣɻմնħƷ鵤öҪǣԻݸ
ţݸ̤֮նɱƸ֣У̺ڹһ͸ֱͻƵؽ׵ƣֱ̤֮С
ݸԼļӵУҲһ˵õ˵Ǿ޷
ϢһݸʱһƬڣŵǵûᣬһɹܹõȺôңһһ˵ͷֻҲܲ˵ġ
Ȼκ˶û뵽ǣݸϢĵڶ죬ݸ´ӣٵ֮ϣȻһѪɫ

ͬһΣڰ󣬺ȻȻ֡磡
ѪɫͬһĽֱָġ
ҲǷһνԼ֣ö֮İϣҲͬʱ˹
ȻҲֻԱһЩ֣ԼǵõѪȷ硣
ЩҲҪҪǣѪɫİٵϣȴָ̧ݸһǶ⣡
ݸƣ羹ȻķʽһΰԵĻӦ
Ȼڴ˵У˾ƺЩȡ֮ӣȫԲоٶ
ΪݸӣٱǿߣΪΨһõеĵӣʵԶѰǿܱȡ
û˿ԥܵĵ죬پֱӽ˳֣֮̽дͷڸ֮⡣
ӣʶ
ʣԭƽ棬Ȼ˽Ե֮󣬶ʱΪ˽ֵĻ⡣
֮ǰ˵ϰߣɱ֮ʱƱҪнܹġ
ҲͰˣǼݸӣǿߣȻҲˣǱǳĴˡ
ѾΪ˿˶ľ֣ԶģǷܹɱ١
ȴǾ˵Ĵﵽ1150
ʵϣһЩҪһĶͽ⣬ûκ˿÷磬е۽Ҳһ

150ʡңҲȥһѵͷˡЦһ£ʤϣеָڡ
ƽĿʤʵ
˵ֻҾãҪ⡣Цһ£ʤ漴ٸ渮꣬ʵԲС˵ܹԽ֮ɱӻЩš
һ£ʤ˵ʵ̫׽һָоûʮİգ²׳ֵġ
΢΢ҡͷ漴Ȼ£ȴҲӦ˱ʧȥ֮жϣäĿʤʵҪߣֻ˶ʧȥһս
̾Ϣһ˰ֵʵ֮ϣҲţܹԵؽ׵ʵ֮ɱһ֣Ҷɱ˰١
ҲʤӦȻ뿪ӣƺҲѾû˵Ȥ
ֱһ̣ʤϲ¶һ˿֮ɫĽеָķ顣
Ϊʲôһָоֻ¡թ


 ڰʮ ϵϮɱ
ࡣ
뷽ҲѾˣѾʼܼĲ죬һϣǴݸʧһ㣬ƾôѼ춼ҵһ˿ĺۼ
ſЩվڴǰͷ˵ǸǲûӶˣɶˣҪһֱ¶棬ѵǱһֱţ
ˣԹˣҿǵ˵ϧй֣ʱ򷽴Ųף˵Сƾһ㣬㲻СЦҡͷʦ֣Ҳǵؽ۷ˣ֪ϧӣмʤ㣿
ʵſȴǶʱЩƽȻҲԸ츳ˣȻᵽǸ֮ʱԽնɱؽǿҲЩġȻǵؽ۷壬ʵϣʵĲ¿ɲһ㡣
ϾֱҲûʸôħˣϵľ±㲻ֹһˡ
һһ룬˵ˣҲһֱ׷䣬ϣǵʡˡҡҡͷſ漴ڵҪ˵ҲûҪɵţĥţҲ⼸죬Ҫе㷴ӦˣҪҲȥ֣
ڳĻݸĵӣıſԶ
޷ǵʵȴǲЩ΢΢ҡͷԶվСҪ䣬սನҲܹܵġ
⻰ҲţЩȻݸĵӣʵϣҲǹҸѣҲδܼݸһ档ʵҲֻףʵڱȻ뷽ȣȻ̫Զˡ
ƽʦַʦǡ
ȻſԶǲͬģһΣǹҲǸ˲Ҫֳʲôӡ
䣡
˵䣬ȴȻһӸ⴫ת֮䣬һϮ±ͻȻ֮С
ʲôˣ
˲䣬иеӦֻǿ̤նӰȴǰ취ûС
УȻҲЩȡɣ˼ϷŵĲǣЩҲ׵ʵܹĵ˼ң
ͻ֮λǲҪҵֲǡǴһ˿Ц⣬Ŀķ΢Цڣ·𲻹֮İݷһ㡣
ϸ֮УȻȴ·һεĽƿδϡ
磿Ƿ磡
Ҳ֪˭һ˷Ӧ˹֮ȴǶʱһƬȻһ˲䣬жЩ¡
ʱ򣬷粻ӦȥٽˣôܵˣĪҴ˵طô
˭ûԤϵ׳ǣ֮󣬷羹ȻķʽĻ
˵ķӦ۵ףȴȻЩ
ûȷˣû˹涨֮⣬Լ㲻ɱ˰ɣ
̿£ľʵʵֽδ֮ʱ
룬ֺαطϣ
ĳԶλѵ͵ôǷϳԼݡüͷȻλûҽȥһ˼ǲһɡ
һ仰£һ㣬ֻһâڵĴʱһ䣬Ӳ˴б˳
Щ˵ʵҲת֮ѣӦѾƵǱˡ
ŷ֮ԭΪҲǸһȴǸ޵󱲶ѡ
彣ĳʣſ͸һ˿⣬һ֮㵲ǰĳԼ
ؽ۷壬ҲݸĵӰɣ壿ʼ磬ƺΪ⣬ڵ
ʦӣſܡȻֽȲ˵ʵΣδơ
ǸҶʲôûȤǴһ˿Ц⣬ֱӴϵ
һ仰ȴǲûſɫʱ࣬ٲִݡ
ӣĴ
һĽܣ˼ȴֶļǣбô
ޣǸ޵󱲶ѣȥѰʦֵ鷳ȴܵ磬Ҳߣ
⻰һҲЦŸͣǷûȥٶƵġ
ո˵ʲôţôҲǸؽ۷ɣĳҲǳؽףһսҲԴСôȻһЦҡҡͷҲգһϱǣҲûǸ򣬸˷ʱ䡣
˵ͬʱһ㣬̤ŽһâֱӾȺײ˹ȥ
ҵҪкʸսʦ֡ϱһ󷢰ףſŷӦ粻ȥҰٹȻЩɳܣԼ֣ȴҲݡ
һʱ䣬иһ˿ʤ֮ġ
ûԷȻ⣬˵ײҲǸؽ׶ѣܹ룬ܱ̾ݸ࿴
˼һſжʱһȣŽֱӭȥ
ԿϺӧ⹳˪ѩ
ʫ絥ֳֽһȴȻľƺժ£ͷһھ¶ǣǼƣｫſܵƷˡ
һ֮ǰ˵ˣֱֶȥǡ
ʫɱˣ
֮ʱ˵һսĻ
ȻѾȴȻһ̬֣ǹ̬ǽķʽԼչָˡ
ȻѾӳѾ׼ߵǳ
ʫϣȻɵĴſԽ˹ȥգ֮ɱˡ
հǡ
Ӱ֮ͮͮ䣬ȻֻһˣȻ˿ȴ·ѾӰƮƮ˾Уá
δκνķˣ಻Ľǿѹˣ˿ء
ʮɱһˣǧﲻУ
־չգ֮ʮӰָȾѪ
ʮɱһˣԷʵɱֺʮ
ſԶ֮⣬ܹ˷һ
ֱһ̣ſԶŵЩˣһ浹ɱֵضûС
Ҫ˵ɱˣֱ뷽һսҪʧȥˡ
⣡
ؽףһЩѾܹˣЩ֮ȴſܡ
ܹ⣬ݸҲʹˡ
οѾһ˿ˣ⣬γԼĽ⣬ֻһɽ֮תΪ֮ˡ
Ľ⣬ʵһԴͲǵܹ֮֮ˡ
ֱ˿̣ſܲףΪηеֱٽа壡
Ϊ֮£ЩѾûʸ뷽һսˡ
ϧЩʱѾ̫ˣ
һ̣ʺ֮͸һĨѪɫʶѾɢˣֻʣһ˿ʶԼ˷һʫ
˷ȥ
̶֮ڣſԶڣݸʮһɣ
ϸֻҲ·ѾȾһ㵭Ѫ
֮˲쳹ݸ


 ڰʮ ɢVS
ˣϧ
Ų豭΢΢һ٣ٳĬãŻڵɡ
⣬ƼССĺȴҲ·żһ㣬
Ƿ꣬ȴϾͺɣˡҡȴҲֺ䲻ϡ
Ŀһһ˿ɫ򷽴磬ŵ㲻ձҪɽˣ
ȻֻһƺȻаȴǽȻͬ
ʵǿߣֻǵؽףûʸٳֵܵġ
ȴϾħӣǶ˵ٵͬҲԽ
ֻǣʵΪ𣬼ħˣǶײԷҲͬʸֳͽ䣬նɱ
бǣһȵˣֻҪﵽؽ۷壬ʱԶɽٵʱƾħ˵ݣʸ˳ƺԣһ仰ٱˡ
һֱɶɽ١ȻһЦ
㵹ǲΡ΢΢һɹȻҲףеĲһǵ۽ֻеʱ򣬽֮ö֮˵ҲҪС
񣬷ɱʮӣֵǷ꣬˽ΪȴǡǡãӣҪˡվںԱߣҡȣȴҲûнݵ˼ָĿڵ
ҪΣٴ䵽ϣٵ
ֻڰָ̻նѡ˿Ϊ⣬һ֣ᲦŪߵĺҶص
ڵ㣬»ûʸ񡣡͸һ˿ɫȻת䣬ֱӿڼ
Ϊ۽仰˵ҪԼߵȷţһսʤܣֻҪֶԸս֮ˣ㹻ˡ
ȻڰٿҪԼжߵ۽ѣѾǳˡ
Խֽԡ㡯ƣΪûʸôƺˣȻˣֺˡ¶һ˿Ц⣬絹ǻ벻⣬˵֮䣬Ȼһգ̧֮䣬һĳ
Ȼֻеؽ֮Ȼһ֮䣬ȴԼ͸һĨ֮⣡
һ˲䣬ȴҲ΢΢һж˼ɫ
ȶԼ֣ݵɫˣҪ֪Ȼǵؽ۷ʱܹɽٵĳ̶ȣǿ֮䣬Խĺ蹵
ǰձдţӰɢ˴ѧɢ֣Է顣
һٱһƵȴҲδ⣬赭дһָһɰ֮Ȼһ֮䣬㽫һɢֻɢ
ǿߣϾǵؽܹ⣬֮Īֲ֮Ѿռˡ
һ˿âȴȻ͸һս⣬˷һһ
֮䣬Ȼٸ첲ϣһȻӲٵǿһ֮Ȼ
ɢְʽ
ıںʽϣЩӰɢһѪľ衣
Էʵ㶯ǰʽҲвǿߣһչʽ̺Ĵ򣬱Ѿ׸֮ˡ
ıƴײȻʵϲ٣ƾֵľҲѾŤתˡ
ã
̲סһȻһ֧š
ڼ䡣
֮ϵɫ͸һ˿ӡǣ֮䣬㽫Χһоɢ·֮䣬Ѿֻʣһ
飡
ƼǱըģȻֻĻЧȻз֮Ѿ԰ͬףԷֵ򣬻֮⣬ȻһȽ׵Ĳ࣬ȴĨȥκϣˡ
һ֮䣬ȻоһɿֲȻֱֻۼʧȥ֪
⻹Ϊ֮ؾΣԶˣĻһ£ֱֻ۶ҪѪˡ
ˣôĿˣȻȴǽȻͬ
˿Ѿĸ첲һֱֻһɢִ
ɭ󣡡
Х֮䣬ǧӰŭܻǧ֮䣬ڼ䣬Ȼ͸Ľ֮·ɿɢţ޾ĻӰʵ֮価ɱһٷָļơ
һ̣ǰҲ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫһУȻҲоһ˿ΣУ·һӦñпܵش
е˼ǣԷȻѡôҵĴ򷨣ĪǵҪԼɣ
һˣҲһ˿ɱٲ飬Ȼһץһ֮Ȼֳһɫֱȥ
ȻδñȻһȴǵ潫Էһ˳
ʵ֮䣬ԭжϷ繥㣬Ȼ˿̰ȴӲ׵ݿĽӰȫ顣
䣡
͸һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ繥û˿һڰ¡
ɢӲ
˲Ϣ֮䣬һĨӰȻƿ󣬺ȻնӰȥƲȻŷؿڴȥ
ʽξʵĲ࣬վ޷ıģ
һӰɢ˵ʽͲܹ֮ʩչģѾǿſֲ츳ǿʩչ֮£ȻһǿߣǱ׽ˡ
һѪͬߵķһȥȴվ޷ѶԷĽ⡣
һ̣ȴĸоһϢĺë˲ըʶľأֱƾسɴ
ֻǣͷǸһ֣Ӳ簴
һ˿ЦȴǸûһ˿ƴ˼ôӲŰһն¡
ڶģİûǸɱԼ
۰ٶŭȴվǵģֻҪǽƵ·Ҳڸ֮ۡնɱ
ԵĲ˵ľǾݸڵģǲǿߣݸҲһս֮
һ˶ľҪɱݸҲס
Ͼվŵģħ
ʮѾٳ֣ʵĪħŵ˵һħݸҲò
ƺһ
ǰ֮ڻͣȻһ˿Ľ뷽ڣȴվ
ħϣһɣ
ȣ
ЦſȳһѪڵĽſڵһҵţܻˡ
·ûаϣٴδȣȻˣˣֶӼСģɲҪڷϡ
㻹Ϊл᣿üͷ΢΢𣬰Щŵʵ
ɹȻһЦ粢δֱӻشֻǵʵӦ֪ħ֮ɣʩչ㻹Աʤô


 ڰʮ 
ĿͷԶȥȴվû˵
ħ壬Ȼ㣬ΪǿߣݸĵӣȻû˵
˲佫ʵ߿ʮȻʵȻȴҲѾֲˡ
ֱһ̣ȻһսȻƾޣȻԷõȴվֻǴӰɢѧɢ֣ħŹ
µĵطΪħӣǿȻܷӰɢ˵ʽˣѾƳս֮£Էѵûô
ȻֲȴҲ׳յΪȻʤħֶΡ
ǼﾹȻڷгԹ

ϧݸٽֺ뿪Ϣʱͬ˳һ
ڸڽֲֿ֣ϢͲ˭ܹڵģеʱסˣ
οǷ绹ǰ٣ҲûҪڵ˼
ϧӵҲͬʱ־һǿʽ̨̤֪ǿߣѾлԣˡ
Ȼݸ˵ϤҪˣȻݸݶѾټȻȴҲʼǸա˭Ҳ޷ֿ
ô˵һǿߵĽȴǵһΣ
ò˵ƾһսϧ֮Ѿ֮ˡ
Ӵ˷̽ҪЩʲô
Ȼһöӣ£ľʵ
Ӱٸϳֱӵ˶ľڵıԺ֮Уٲδ֣µҩϢѾûд󰭡ľ˰ڿ̸֣
ֻжǿѡ
΢΢ҡͷȻӣ漴˸ߵĳЩ⣬òϣ·ʸսġ
Ŷ΢΢üǶľҲû뵽ﾹȻ跽˸ߵۣ΢Щ⣬ӵ΢΢һ͡
˵۽ǣһ˿Ц⣬絭Ȼ߽ƾ۽ܹ֮뱱֡񷽴Ͽɣõ۽УܹӳҲСɡ
΢΢ףľҲδٶ˵ʲôһսľȻδ룬ȴҲ֪һЩ顣߽ܹһ֧ŵģƾؽʵе۽֣Ҳܷӳǵȿֲ
ô˵۽վҲôҪ۽ˡ
зٴһӣľʵ
ҪȥԡҡͷƽҪ˵˽⣬ڷ˽ġ
ͷľȴҲڶʣ뷽壬ȥʼûٶ˵ʲô
սܻѯҪæ֮Ѿ׵ˡ
ֱǿ߶֣ĵɫʵѾԶѰؽܹӵеˣʤܣѾս̾ˡ
ЩȴǷҪעصˡ
ŵĵطǳңԺݸ˰ŵģȻ̫ãȴҲľ¡
ЩӣʼձŲ֮ˣҲһŲ
Щڷ˵Ҳ⡣
ûдкֱӳ˻ԵԺӵУķʽȻƺЩ񣬵ȴЧķʽ
ʦȻ֪ˣѵһô
ڣƽУôվԺ֮еŻԻӦ
ӷ𣡡
һţƽƿţͬͨɮһ㣬˷ǰδһ˿ɻ󣬷·ѾһС
òʦɺãǴһ˿Ц⣬ݿڵ
֮£ǵֻСɮҲҪϴˡû˿ڣֱӱ˷ݡ
Ȼò֮ȫ˿ǣջȴۿ罫Ϯɱġ
ϵ޼ɵð֮ˣѾûκˡ
񣬻ôһСϷ
΢΢ƺͲںǷϳԼ˭ҪҪǣҶԴʦʼղ޵⡣
ӷ𣡡
Իҡͷ򷽴ӣƾ֮ת֮䣬ܹСɮΪһҪ¶Сɮ
νʲôתߣҲһѡ̾Ϣ漴ҡͷʦӦ֪ұлõ۽ֻǲȡױŷ֮̾컯Ūˣ۽Ȼջ䵽ҵУңҲѾû˿·
⻰ǲ٣ǻҲκδ۽֮ʱ龰ȻĿʱ֮жڵ۽ĵĿ¾ǷˡΪϮɱֱӾͷ˵۽һ㣬Ŀá
۽նգҲֻз粢δ׷
һУȴȻԴ򶯻ԣӼȻĵ۽βƥЯ۽ܰ鷳
ȻһЦ統ʵʦΪ۽ұ㲻Σô
⻰ʵķǳ
˭ʵӦֵ֪زǷĽ۽Ҳ޷ˡ
һ仰ѾƵķ˼֮ϣ˭ĵġ
ӣ֮£ԸǱв£Ҳܹҵĵӡ
⻰ͬ٣Ƿ粻ԸǱǵǿߣҲϳĲ䣬ֳʲô۶ӣ򣬻ûҵĵ
ֻʲô壿
粢δ粵ֻǻҡͷʦһ仰ôɣ
ɣ
򵥵ȴ̺̫̫Ķصֱ
ʦȱΪѵҲҪһ·ϱô
ӴԲӣ̾Ϣһ漴ֻҪԸ⽫۽Сɮģ빫Ϊѣ֮Ҳͬؿƿ
Ȼˣ·ĳҪһˡ΢΢ҡͷǡ
ĻشȴǶʱûЩʧˡ
Ҫ֪ǰһ̣˷ֵܳ׼Ѿ׼뷽һսˡ
Ͼ֮£ǣ̫ǷҪĨȥۼɱõѡ
һҲ벻κɣ÷һ
ǣ񷽴ȴȻôˣȫЩһߵĸɴ䣬һвĻûС
ֱʧȥ˷ϢԻЩš
ѵ㵱ƣ⻰˵ȥҲûκ˻š
ôһ˾Ҫʲô
һʱ䣬ȴҲЩԺˡ˵·һô޷һ
̾ϢһվĬĬصӡ
Ƿʲô⣬˵һǾԲıǾǣԲ﷽Ϣ
ֻڻȱһʵʱųϢѣ
Ƿ罻۽һ㣬㲻Ϊ̬κθı䣡


 ڰʮ չ٣
ʤ˳ǽһƬ԰ӣƬ԰Ӳһ԰
غܼ򵥣ſʼһ֣ÿһֶһʮ͵10ƽÿһֵĶעʮ˭ڵǰӮ壬ֱõƽ
һֱˣҪ֪ʤľҲѡ
ȻҲ̫䶯Ϊؼǣľֵ󣬷һľųƣһӮ֣㽫ǰЩӵõǿľ͡
һʯǧˣ
ϢһųʱȻ󲨣ʤĶһſˣһȴֻ̲סҪԡ
ǮҲˣҪǣһľɲҪ򵽵ģ˵Ϊһ֮⣬ľһЩʵ߱ǿһУҪõ̸ס
ֻҪܹӮ֣ܵȺ£Եܹģ
ȻҪõĽҲ죬ÿһֵعߣ֪մңһأʤš
ӷųϢ֮һܵʱ䣬ȻҲֻ˴һأҾʧܡ
һƬ԰ƺһߣÿ춼ǮˣĽޡ
˻ɣʤ֮ôıľΪľǽ졣
һЩϢͨʿȴԼµ֣Ϊµġ
ڱ֮ʱǳĲӣǲͨգҲû˭ţϾ󷲶ˣвߡ
֮⣬ϧڵգҲڵ԰ӣһӮ4ֻ֣ʤǰȴʼδӡ
ֻ˵ʹ԰ס

űʻӺԲԾıֽ֮дһġ֣Ż̧ͷ
Ϣɿô
ԿɿڶĹоǿֵ߽ĲӦǷֱʡĽռϢŵٵϣڵ
ˣȥɣҪš΢΢ףٰ˰֣Ը
Щģô仰˵ʤѾ˷磿
ҲãҲգܵĿƣȴǲʵҲ˵ͨʤΪʲôһǧȥһöľˡ
ν԰˵ܹƭסͨˣȴȴڡ
ֵζˣʤ԰ҪЩʲô
ӣʶһӣԭҪô
۾ظһ仰ȴǶʱЦ
²ֹˣϢҲųİɣ
һеĿģԼ֣ȻνôȻҲмŵǣ˾ɱԼҲδ̫˰ɣ
֣ƾ֣⵹Ǹˡ
ȻţȴҲԴ浽ֵز˵ԷûһЩɵҲǺϾһսѾʶֻеؽ׵СӣȻǿһսʸ
һСģȦҲȫûпޡ
΢΢ҡͷٴʣֽдһ̣֣վδʲô
ͬʱľ˼ȴ֮Ȼͬġ
ָһöӣ£ľŻڵȷЩһֱ԰ȴʼûȥһô
ǣƺһ岢̫գӮľ֮ûжˡս˵ͷĻش
ĵԶľʱҲȻ˿ư
ˣȥɡɨһսдһ˿΢ɲ֮ɫľڵ
ֱսԶľٴλһöӣڿȻҪչ˰ϧˣоֱյġ
һ£ľת˲֮䣬ʧ˿֮С

ӿɿǺô
ͤУʤȻһ£ϴһ˿⣬ʵ
ϧ֮Ҳͬ˵˵ģԵĲ˵ֻһݶصʣѾ̾ˡ
Ѿʶ˷ֶΣʤҲһˣȻҲڷгԿ
ϧò˶ãҲҪԸĿ˰ɣ
뵽ǿֲֶΣʤȴҲһ˿ϧ֮УԭӦվһʱ۷壬ȴֻϧӦһʱ֮ˡ
Цһ£ʤȴҲԼ뷽ͬһʱֺγԼı
û򡣡첻ҡȣڣ·ЩͲʲôҪ顣
Ϲɱ֮ʱҲѾֻˡ
һ۲ʤ
ľؼľӵе壬Ҳֵֻˣ֮νľҲ˷ƷһĲֵˡ
ǰֻˡ̾ϢһĿ⻺ԶȴҲվδش
Ѿ£ߣչٶѡ
ʤҲ֮ˡ
Ȥȴ塣
˵֮䣬ԶһɢżϷʣȴƫƫ˵ֱ׳
ĿȥȴֻһŲ̤˶԰һõս͸һɷԵüΪ񣬾Ͷ֮䣬¶һɰԵ֮⣬˲ܿ
ʶˣʤȴǷǳģһۣѾϳ˶Էݡ
ȻһЦڵ٣ǵסģֽ

ݸݶ쳣һǿߣƣһʵȴƫƫǿĿ£Գδһܣ
ʦв֪һֱһţȴƫƫܹҴ
һѿõս֮£ǲ֪նɱ˶ǿߣѪȡ
ҶǿľܸȤȴֲ壬˵ô죿ֵʤϹżЦʵ
⻰ν˵ļˣֱѾв֮ˡ
ֻʤȴȻ⣬ֻ΢΢ҡͷ˵Цˣݣľ˰ɣ˵ǶľȤ˵Ƕľδֵ˸Ȥɣ
ľѾǷδõľϢ仰˵ľпǷҪġ
۷ǰչض壬ֱӳᣬҲҪĲǣ
٣ΪߣҲǷ磬˵۽ˡ
һ㣬ʤԶκ˶Ķ࣬Ȼܹһ⡣
ƲƲ죬ȴҲվδ粵ֻǽĿ˷磬λؾϧ˰ɣŴռȻײϣΣ
شĻᣬµ˲䣬սȻ֣˵Ȼһ䣬ձһն䣬֮ʱһѪ֮ѹЩ
һһ˿͵ϮʣȴƫƫԵԵ޶ˣһѾԽսڹ͵쾡ˡ


 ڰʮ ӣ
Ӱ
˲ϢӰ׵ıܿһԴһ˿΢Ц·һжڼ㵱һ㣬Ͼҡ
ֵǺ£ȷ֮أǴɱɱƺҲ̫ȤЩɣ
ûӲ˼²ƶӰ磬ʵһЩֲ巽һ
ȻʵҲ޷ڶʱڱƵ÷֡
һӰ
һҲپսٴιһ䣬·ûжһ㡣
ҪʲôҲܣҲҪ⣬λûʲôɣƲ죬ڵȻƺЩʵݣȴȷʸ
һԸ˵ͷʤЦҲֲҪ֡
֣ǣ⻰֮ȴȻһ˿в֮⡣
ҲûзʤǲģǣվʤıؾǶ԰֮ең˵þͻǵǿߣɲԸġ

յʱ䣬˵ʱҲǵָ
峿ŵ˱ﲻԣҲ˴ߴ٣Ȼ΢Ц˵һöӡ
һԪɫӴ̵۾ۣЩ
ֻҪͨҲӦ֪Ŀʵ̫˲ˣû˭塣
Ƿһ·ӮȻǲôӾʵЩֵζˡ
üͷ΢΢ʤ˼ãйоصϽǵλһӣ֣˹̬ǿСô
ҲӣȻӶѣ̫ˡ
̧ͷԶȻ豭һڣżƷƲ裬ΪΣ
קģʲôòõģҳΪʼ磬˵ǾƸΪʹһЩ
ԴʦҲˡ
˵֮䣬ǰڵ
룡΢΢ףʤڣ׼֮ʱȴһӣЦһ£վǸһӡ
Ƭ֮䣬ֻһµĻԻͤУ䵽˷ϣ幫ӵǺ£ֻֻ֪Ըӻܼĺ顣
ȻһЦ·˿û֮⣬ҡͷ֣ʤҪߣĹ̶ѡ
ӷ𣡡
һתȴûٶ˵
Цһ£ɿӣƺ¿һЩˣȻֻҪ²ˡ
⣬Ƥ΢΢һٴ䵽ϣƺҪ˼ȴƫƫô
µô

ϣľԸոҲ˶԰
⼸գħŵĵһֱŶ԰ǱߵһõϢʱ˻
²豭ļ̌ͷһսĬƬ̣ŻڵսǱ߿ܻЩ鷳ȥŰɡ
⣬սȴǲ΢΢һľݸ£ѵǿ߸Ӷ֣ǿߵĻԹӵʵֺæ
˼תͣȻô룬ľĻȻ˵ˣҲֻȥˣʣµ飬Ҳֻһһˡ
ֱսԶȥľų̾˿ϧˣվѡˡȻˣᡭҲã

һ̤԰ٵжʱ͸һ˿ɫڵģھ͸ҹȥ
ȻĵλѾѰЩ˵ˣϾݸȴҲԸǣ̫㡣
Ǻεݣݸвʶģɫԣǰ˶ʱɢ˸߰˰ˣֻʣһЩҸоõЩĵſ֡
ȻҲٴǣһͤȥ
ٵĳʤһЩȻĿ٣ȴҲվδ¶˿ɫ
˼ȴƺȻϣûдٵ˼Ȼӡ
δϧӵǷɰۿ򷽴磬ٱָЦϧ⼸ϣҧļء
֣һֻնġ٣΢ЦһӰϣӲһ
гһнĿŵǾһʤĹؼǰӻ˲֮һնҲûء
һְϣ׺֮֮٣һ·ҵĽɱ
ʵ̫ңֲ֣лߵֵزģ־棬ܴԭԪһӡ
ľҿԸ㣬ʱƺӦȸҺú̸һ̸Ŀ䵽ϣٵڵ
ǣ˺֣ҪʲôϲԼá۾ûգһ£ӣȻڣȻ̡
һ̣Ȼܹĳٶﻳмǿĵ⣬ɱ⣡
ǿ²һˣ
һ΢΢һΣ˵֮䣬һ̽һռ𵴣ҧסΡ
˻𣡡
ɴͬû˿ԥֱӭȥ

ֱ֮͸ٵֱײԼнʯ֮͸ҵײ˲佫ͤ顣
һ֮䣬Ȼ̤ͤӣȴȻֳһ˿̻֣һɻû꣬ȰһסΣ
⻰˼ȴǴٴټ˼
֮ǰ֪йһս񷽴ŵľٶȴվǽһǿߵĽ氡
㲻ҿҪȶˡ͸һ˿ڽ֮ɫֱ΢΢һ󳤽ʱУ΢һӽ֮³

һΣٿû˿ԥһֱǾ飬нɱڵ˼
ɲͬһν֮ʱ黯Ӱ죬ֱӽжܵĿܶȫ
Σ
һ̣ܵǿȫʱĿֲ˿ԥһģ䳤Ȼƿն
Ѫɫɱ֣ȻڿгΣޱɱХӭ
ɱһѪ·
ѪɫڣΧĿռ䶼·𳹵ױɱ֣ԻԵɱʴһµ
䣡
ҵĳ˲ɢȻԿƵı˳ȥһ˿Ѫɫ
٣ôĵӣңݸħſսɣ
͸һ˿ɱȻȵȴԼ͸һ˿
ԭѾ׼ɱ׼£Ȼһŭ⣬ȴҲȻһʶģĿŻɨȥ
ϢǻԴģԭҲѾ˿µͷȴҲվһ˿ԥ
ǡ´أԸƭԼأնɱϧӣԼܹеô
٣ң
һԥĹԶȻһȣգ֮䣬һͬǿƱֱָ٣
ս
Σ֮ʱսڸϵӲ


 ھʮ ֻ֣죡
һأȴǸ˼֣ɭȻսƾ㣬ҲҶҳ֣
ͬΪףӵٵʵȴҪսǿٵģգսȻ֮ΪСǣȴǲͬ
սѾȫĶעѹˡϣοսУݸ߹󣬿ԶһܹģȻУҲη壬żʢ֮С
٣ݸҲһҼҹǺεݣܹ˺ģݸҪֻ֣ҲȨʲôҲҼҹӶ֡
üͷһսȴֱ̤һ˷ǰٶ
ϧӣȻҪħӣҿ϶ҪˣôΪ־磬־ȻǼᶨ֮ģΪһ仰͸ı
⻰һ˻⣬˲ͬʱɫ䣬Ȼ򷽴磬в֪ʲô˼
ЦЦһһȰȻӵݣҲܹɵô
ôһ˵ս̬ȶʱٴμᶨϴ񷽴ݣǵõ˶ľȷģѵľҲϴô
ݵúֻ¾ݸҲס㡣
⻰ȻȴҲ֣ϾݹϵħŪˣħǣʵ̫ݸҲҹֻػ
΢΢һͣǰڼ־ᶨѹҲһʱ䣬¶ˣڣңָȴվû̷
ӷ𣡡
ۼԣվ˳ƽŷӣµ㻹Ҫȥô
һʯǧˣ
һ仰ӻԵĿ˵ǿǵͱˣ˵֮ǰиĻǲţôһ仰һڣȴǲ˶˾޴ɻĿͬʱ䵽˷ϡ
Դʦ˿ɲܴף˵ãҲֻܸˡ͸һ˿⣬ɭȻתԣв
Ҳգ˵ƾҪֲָܷٲǡס飬Իµ˲䣬Ȼһ޺Ӱ䡣
ʶʦֶΣҲϻȻһ㣬ȻӰӰչһŻȥ
ɢְʽ
ǿԽһս绹ǵһʩչ
һΣͬ׵ǿߣܹõҲֻɢ֣ǲ֮סԵĹݱȻ㽫¶
ҲǻԵĿģֱָӻܷ磬ֻΪ˱Ʒ綯ϤֶΣ¶ݶѡǸʱҲ㲻Ҫٳ֣Ȼڽӡ
ŭĿ
Ȼڵһ壬֮£ԱͬһŭĿһ㣬ƺƴÿһн֮ɽʯޡ
䣡
޻ɵӲƴžԺɢְʽ
ֱʱɢֵǿչ˳ÿһ̺⣬ȻӲҲ˿·硣
ɭ󣡡
˲Ϣ֮ʮΣ˭ûռˣڶ˺ʽչֳǿҵɱ
Ӱɭɭ
һ˲䣬ĻͬʱӿϲŭŹӰ˻ԹķŭӰ˸ֲһķжþ֮еʵһ
ϴսʱͬʱٵʵǿ̫࣬ǿƽþǣȴǵʵˡ
ʵϣһʱûԱɫ
վһ˽ܣƾожϳѾһϵĹˣ̺˴ĪһѾﵽ׵ĳ̶ȣԶǵؽܹġ
Ѿһٸ߹ˣǻȴȻû뵽ڸûжñ£ȻܰƵֵز
գն
һҲڲ˿һţȻе˳ȥ
գ֮䣬һɢΪʮ⣬ԼڿγʮС̫Ľ£ķЩʴ
տɮľٴɻʩչɲ֮䣬ΧĻͬµıѩһ㣬ɿڣ޷һ˿š
ͬʱЩ֮еķ磬Ҳڱǰһơ
䣡
һ֮䣬ڷǰ߿ŷȻѣͬʱԿҲȻһѪȻ鱻٣ҲһĴ
ȻΪۣҲͬʱҵĲڷ֮£ѪܿƵ˳ϵĺë˷·𶼱һѪˡ
ӣ
ۼˣսжʱһ̧űֻɱԣȴ룬ͬʱҲһն£׽ս
ϣȿٶ֡
٣͸һĨѪɫսҲڳױŭˣʲôԭƾǰˣˡġ
Ȼжȫûɻ󣬲ô˵ЩҲҪöľֱݲ˶֡
ΪУִԲ˵ãҲֻһսˡһͬʱ֣Ȼ壬ڵ
գ֮䣬˱ͬսһ𣬷ǿߵսһǾ춯أÿһ֣йӡǣನԶͨǵؽܹܵġ
ԣ㵱ΪӲɱôһ˿ɫȴ˿ϵƣ˷ӰȫչŻ˹ȥ
ӣСɮ˵Ͻ۽㲻Ϊ־أ㻹Ϊܹס۽ôҲƽش·ⱾһΪѰһ
ڿףãȻԼұԸ
һ˿ɱȻһҧ⣬һھѪȻΪһӰһƷ죬ޣ
ֻ죡
Σ֮£Ȼ˼ɢһʽ裬ĳ˴ϣ
Ȼһƣֻ죬ֻǼһʽѣ
ˣҲѾˣ
ӰɢǺεʵǼңӶĴڣ֮ҲǾøʢǿߣ
һʽɢ֣书̺֮ӡǣԳعԻɱǿߵɱСȻԼʩչҲҪһĴۣ
Ȼ񷽴ֻĳһʽȻһƷ죬ȴǶʱ㽫غ
һȻǿߣҲδܹ׽£οǻˣ
ŵ˵һѾڲô羢£ܹǿˡ
ֻֿ죬һֺεȵ뵨ɫ
¡¡
һƷ䣬ȻΪ֮ɫ䣬·Ҫնһ㣬һƣѳɾɱ֮ƣ
ҪǣӰɢ˱ħ֮ˣĹʹкŨصħӡǺοһȻҲٶãưսҲʶһƵ
էһȥħŵĹһ㣬ӵ֤ʵˡħ˵ݡ


 ھʮһ 󣬶粨һ
ֻ֣죡
һƣνǷƸֻУһ֮ʱûȻɫ䣬Ѿһ׼ȴǱһסˡ
ȫûжñǼȻҲͷų˿ֲǺεȱ̬Ĵڰǵۼﱻɱ£Դ˿̶ҿ϶ǰǲˡ
һֻ죡
Ƥ΢΢һ̣ȻͻȻսһĨѪɫ֮նȥ
䣡
û˿ԥһȻ£һҵĲӲͬʱɡ
ֻǣôһһƵվ̫࣬Ѿɱ˻ˡ
һ̤ƮƮͬħһȻ˻
һƻԣһ̣ԼѾһ˿ǿߵƣ񲻿ɵɱ
ҲҪ뱾ΪУһ˿âɭȻڡ
ֻЩѡսνʼ磬ЦʵǿᣬҲһɣ
аԼʱ䣬һ˿΢ɲ⣬漴ڵϣкξ壿
һ˿ư֮⣬Ȼ壬һָ죬ڷ޷Զ˫ĿһһףȻһ⾳͸
һ˲䣬ϱ͸һɿֲϢδ֣ȻȴȻһɿµѹӿһ̣˵ͻˣսҲܵһִ̹ǵΣС
ħ壿
һ̣жͷиһȻ
Ȼûмʩչħ֮ȴҲ˵ħĿֲ˲ʵɱǲʮʵ
֮أսȻػӣۼƴļƣսʱû˿ȫɱȴѾܾ˵Ĵˡ
ħ֮ϻ꣡
ħ죬֮Ȼɭħ۳һѺɫݺŰնȥ
ͬʱ΢΢һͣɨŻһԣȴŶԷ·ֻҪԷж̾ͻ־ɱһ㡣
֮䣬ԵȻᣬһʱ侹ȻҲٸҶ֡
ʵϣ֮ǰͻȻ֣ҲΪͲϧӣ̽ѣ񣬷ȴͻȻ˿ֲȴҲһ˿ɻȻ׾Ͷƴˡ

ۼսƴȴҲ˿ıٴνͷŶѹż֮
ȻȻռһ˿Ϸ磬Ȼսֲϧܾ˵Ĵ֮£ȴҲͬܵ˲ˣֻʱҲѾû·ˣֻƴȥ
䣡
Щ˵Ȼʵϣⲻգ۵Ĺ򣬰ս㲻ͬʱѪɶ
һκ޻ɵĶײȴǶʱ˶˼صˣ
ֻǣ˷ӦѪɶͬʱֻһȻ
ˣ
Ƭ֮䣬һĨȻӵصױգ֮仯Ϊһ磬նȥ
ͬһʱ䣬һɺƵϷӿգֱ֮ӽռȻ
۽
ͻȻıȴǶʱ˶סˣһʱ䣬˵߶䵽˿һ֮ϣ
Ҳ˲ϢĹ򣬷ȴѾ̤Ž˿Уڵ۽֮࣡
лʣµ飬㽻ҺˡǴһ˿Ц⣬Ȼڵ
磡
һ˶Ӧ˹һ˵ϧӣǷαװģ
ۣ
ԭشۿš˷磬Ե۽˿ռ䣬սʱһѪ˳վΡ
۽߾󣡡
һڵƣԵ¶һ˿ɬúݵƣԭƻõô
ת֮䣬ȴѾһС
ʵϣֹԣһ̣ҲԼˣԷǹ¶Լġ
ƾʵͲܻɱ٣ֻн۽µ۽߾󣬲ӵвʵ
ˣ߽ڱԵ۽߾ӲԼһǿô
ϧ۵ĳ֣˶ʶΪΪ۵ĳ֣߽ɲܲó۽߾ġȴû뵽񷽴ȻѾ˵۽ϿɣȻҲܹͬõġ
ķѸľҪһЩ׼ȴĵȷȷˡ
ʵϣĲ²Ҳȷǰ˾Ųʮˡ
ԷʵǸûڶʱڲó۽߾ģ
ԣһʼ԰ֹʱ䣬һ忪ʼѾ۽ڵ£ʼвõ۽߾ˡ
֮ǰսΪֲЩ֮ͬ۽תΪԴȪ
ֱһ̣ս˶ˣһչ󣬷գľɱ
еĻڣûһ㶼ܳ޷ɾɱ
ȥԣΪ˽¶ĸȻĻԽԼϢй¶١
޷۽߾֮УȻ޷ɱġ
ϧԼԴҲû뵽ǹٹģֱһ̣еһжҿȻӦ
¶һ˿ɬ̾ϢһŻ򷽴ӣɱСɮ
ʦˣһСƶѡȻһЦȴҲڶ໰գ֮䣬߶ŵ۽׽ͷ˳
ֻ
ӿ³⼸֣һ˲䣬еĵ۽ȻһΪߣ͸Ӱ
Ȼո߽۰öĵ۽߾˲٣ҲһӰǶڷ˵ȴҲѾ㹻ˡ
ϾǰٻսǵʵҲԶԶ޷뵱һսʱĸȡ
⽣ֻеķֵҲѾˡ
췢ɱޣطɱ½˷ɱط
û˿ԥ¶һ˿֮ɫٴλڣÿһַ·͸ſֲɱ͸
ﻻƣߵǬ
ֲɱȻƬռ䣬գнɱʵʣڳÿһѹȥ
һЩԭԶֵļһʱ꣬Ƭռ֮У޿ӣգ֮䣬ֱӱɱʳ࣬ضûС
߾ɣ
Ӱͬʱգ֮䣬߹ľâ£ռ䶼֮
һѪϵɱʢżˣһ˿⣡
׼۽߾Ҳֻ֮
ȴҲ㹻ţѾԽЩ˳նɱˣ
䣡
˲Ϣ֮䣬һȻ£ߵâÿһ۷֮
ʵϣĵ۽߾УԱٵģһɱֻ񣬷ȴҲ޷óĽֻԭɣðһ˿ֵĻᡣ


 ھʮ 󣬶粨
ɫ䣡
ٴţҲվ޷ǰȣֽ޿ɵѹָгÿһ˵飬ֲ޷ݡ
һ̣ҪԵѾƺǷˣǸ߸ϵۣǸִΨһϴڡ
䣡
νֿһ£ֱѪ䣬ֽѾ׶Ͼû˿Ļ֮ͬʱڵϣȫǲɫ
սԺһЩֻ˱Ѿƴ˸ˣһȴʱμ׾޷γʲôЧĵֿۿŽ壬ƾ׵ʵӲţҲȻǺòȥˡ
۽߾ȳݸᱻ磬㼴бɱǣҲվӲһǿߵΧɱ
һ˿ɫɭȻв
вʵûʲôʵԵЧҲ÷ʹ˰֣һҲͬǳֻǣ⻰ȴͬǲ²졣
ɲǱҲָͶӰ㣡ŷ磬սһѪĭź͵
ɹȻһЦ漴΢΢ҡͷ߲ҪĵˣȻȻҲЩյģ
һק۽֣һ㣬ŵ۽߾Ӷ۽ֱŰٹȥͬʱ
ĪִҶηХС
ʫڣϷ·մ˼֮͸һĨŵʣڡ
·ͲսǽΪ˸ʫһ㡣
򵥵ʫȴ·ħһ㣬ӡÿ˵Уֲҵս֮£˷·ҲȻܹܵǼ򵥵ʫ䵱̺ζ
䣬ٵٴαɣŵ۽߾֮ʵԱǿߣе۽֣ƲɵĪ˵Ѿ֮ˣ۷״£ҲͬӲһ
۽̺۵ĴӡǣվѰܹģˣҲֵڶǿߣҪƴȥˡ
âЬʤ˭£
·𲢲˵ķӦҲû̾ͽնɱ˼ôʫ䣬ͬʱ۽ѹ٣ϼڵơ
һƽ
ʫ༸ȴҲһ˿ĸо׿˵ʫ䣬ҲȻģ֮
м֮͸ְģǽһݻǱΪϣ
ۣ
ٴһھѪ͸һ˿԰֮ɫֻȴͻȻЦ磬ôӣǲ֣㴦Ļ֣Ҫɾ֮ôɱңǲ
ӣʶ
ݸ˶ļǵ򵥵飬ȻչֵزȻѾʤˣȴƺվ֮ͣЩ覴á
΢΢ҡͷȴе۽ٴδն䡣
ʹ紵ѣ΢䣬ɽͷбȴӭ
ڰ׶ƣ֮ศشһ̣ͬ߸ϵףĮ˰̬ǼҲãʹҲգ֮з
۽ն
˿ֵĻᣬһ˿ɫһն䣬ȴǽŵ۽߾ֱӷ˵۽ն
һնʶ
һս֮ʱԵؽ׵ʵն˶Ƭʶƾ۽߾ʵѾﵽף۽ǳʣشӡǣ
ټѾ֮޷γʲôЧĵֿˣһȴǳնʶ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ٱоһеĸ֪Լȥ·˲֮һ㡣޷дΧκεĴڣһƬ֮УŨŨĿ־壬ȴƫƫá
ԼһǷһĵ
ɪȥҲ޷Ҳ硣
һʫ£Ҳٴη۽߾ĵڶǵصĽȻ£ӰŽͬʱ֣Ƭض·Ѿ˿ռ伸顣
ۣ
գ֮䣬սͬʱ飬ΪһѪ׶Ͼֱ֮Ľ֡
ҲͬʧȥκϢ۽ѹʱ䡣
ڻԣҲ֪⻹⣬ĽܿڵλãǿҲѾ˵һ仰Ҫľȫˡ
һз·ѾĻˣϸƷζһ׶粨ζĳ
һ׶粨£ҲѾĻĽ֣ƺѾѵˡ
Ȼڴ˿̣ԭ۽ȴȻ͸һڵĵâգ֮䣬Ӳնһ˿ѺۣһڵĵâƬռ䡣
һȻǰ죬Ȼһ֮£ȴ·նһеĹֻʣĺڣ
ħľ
̤֮Уľᱧؿڣŷ磬ãŻڵһ磬һ׶粨
ʵϣϷ翪۽߾ʱ򣬶ľѾˣֻһֱռȻȴҲ޷ס
ֻǣֱսҲʼղδֱ˿̣һƺѾĻյǳʰо֡
͸һ˿׽ɫ羲ŶľȻ㣬ǿֱڲų֣ʵҲûаӦ۽߾ǲǣ
ֻڵȣ㾿ǲǸϤĹӡ΢΢̾ϢľڿӹȻˡֶļƣ֣Ҳ̫ԩ
һڵϣľż˵ϧȴòɱ㡭ԭĲģϧȴˣҶԹӲϤĹȻţȴͨգȥȴ̤԰ʼҾ֪㲻ǹӡ
ľƺżֻƽţƺǰѾˡ
ʵϣҲȷʸʸ
ʵħµһսʵڷ֮ϣԶǰ٣սܹ֮ġ
Ƿ۷ʱڲµ۽߾Ҳδܹʤ˵۽߾ѾĴǿⲻ¶ɫҲֻǿ֮ĩˡ
ǰ֪ħ֮̽ҿʼҾ֪վġǣһ˿΢Ц΢΢ҡͷǣľΪһӮô
ָ˻۽߾Ϣô͸һ˿Įľڵ֮ǰҲδΪڵ۽߾Ϣֱ˿̣ǲŸոոܵߵı仯ٻҪʮӵʱܸϵѾ㹻ˡ
ʮӣ
ƲڶľǰȴҲѾնɱ磬Ҹ˸֮ǰŵ۽ˡ
ڶľӦþǷ̣Ͼһɱ˷磬ҲվǱס۽ġ
ֻǣľϣ⣬粻ϵЦݷԽĲ


 ھʮ о֣䶨
΢΢
е۽΢΢һȻһ˻𣬰ٵת˲͸һ˿֮ɫ磬֪⣬Ҳ밲Ȼһһµ
˵֮䣬ٵȻһ֮Ȼһ֧ѤȻ꣬һܹȼյĴڣ֮䱬ˣԽ۷

һ˲䣬ľȻӦ˹һҪܿȴѾˡ
ֱһ̣ľҲ˹ղһ粢ǻɱ˰٣նʶ֮Ե۽ǿѹ
ĵȻջص۽ɢȥѹ֮ͬʱ۽ϢֶΣϢ
ѾƵ·İ٣ȻǲİװģʶնеĿֲ߷Ŵһɢȥѹ֮ʱðٷȼһлȡоɱ
񣬷۽ϢľȻͳ˰ӡ
ٸκ˵Ȼ޴ӽ֮ͣ£˶ľϢķ˹

İȴһϣ߶İ塣
Ѿ˰۷ʱڵսҲעܳãֻǼˣȴҲѾ㹻ˣ
ĽǿľҲ׽£еâٴܻȻսһ
սʵ̫ǶľҲһĨƲסɱ鷢չֵزȻҲǱһѣĸоץ
ͬڶľĻȻ֮ǰ˵Ǽ仰
ô
֮ǰ˶ΪܹһѾǼˣûлϵˡ
Ȼ󿴵ǰһĻԲȻѾȻͬȻڷļ㵱С
ӣʶ
νӣͲ֮ǰΧӣ԰ٱΪӣĲ֡
նʶŰȼһеų
˿˿ۣһҿʱ򣬲˸оĿ־壬һǲǹɺϡ
䣡
ͬʱҲڷ˵۽߾һ
۽֮ǰ粻Ѿɱսѹ˰٣һȴΪľ׼Ĵˡ
Ӱ
һ˲䣬ٴηӿһɲǼռ飬ֲĽɱޱŶľϮȥ
ԭ۽߾ѾǳֲˣǿľҲ׽£ҲͲȵսƴܾ֮ʱųʰоˡ
񣬳˵۽߾ȫһ⣬ܰƴͷų۷һͬлʱ㽫ľ˸ֲ
Σ֮£ľҲͬ˿ԥâ΢֮ӭӰһն¡
ħգ
ӰأһɲǷţħӿǿħ֮Ϣ͸һҸУԭͱո֮תأһѾƿһе
֮£һв̣ʲô֮ĥ
۷ǿٴˣһֻ·ǵþĿɿڴɡ
ѾһǿܹͷŵļޣȻҲֻһζѣƾһľѾңǵȴˡ
ŵ˵һ֮УѾ̺˶ľһĸ
ʲôʱ͸һܹҵͻ׵ĵ·
ȻЩƺЩԶˣʵϣһµ˲䣬ӰҲ֮飬ŰٵҲͬ飬޷˼ľֺ
ֻǾһ£һн˲䣬ľŷ֣һĿ϶羹ȻѾʧӰ٣·ûгֹһ㡣
һ˿˵ľâľȻһȴ޷֮£羿ô뿪ġ
ľоԵţ£ǿߣҲ޲ʧ
ɨеĿ϶ȴҲѰ˿Ӱӣ
һ̣ľֱҪѪ
ȻӦͬʱоԶѾǿ߸˹Ѿˡ
һ˲䣬ľȻһ˿âٴһ֮ͷҪ뿪ȴѾˡ
ֱˣ
ͬʱľʶ֮ǰϢڸǵ۽߾Ҫɱ֮
Ȼ˿̣ûնɱ磬Լ˽ȥ
ͷ䣬һ仰ûʧȥĻҲһನ֮ȥ
ټһƬռ䣬Ȼ֮⣬ûһܹ֤ˡ
仰˵ɣ
ľ۽
գ֮䣬Ǽǿ߱Ѿеǳ
۽߾Ϣʵ̫Уһ֣κˣһϵ֮ǰľϢľٶ˭ҲỳɣѾľնɱˡ
Ͼһ֣Ӷľǲܵ顣
˭ţڶľƤӵ£ܹϢʧ
飬ǵ淢Լϣ˶ľҲԲŰ
ֻǣҲ
һ̣ݸҲͬʱϵĿ⻺ľħ֪ӣε㣿ȻƵȼ귢Ҳûӳһ
֮ǰٱնʶľϢͬҲˡ
ҪǣҲȷʵڶľǿֲһ֮£Ͳ塣
ѵ˵õ۽նϵİٵʶȻٴ֮£ű֣
⻰˵ȥô
¸ҲԾ뵽ͬʱϵնɱ֮Ϊ۽Żᱻľɱڰ
˵Ҳʬ壬Ǿ͸򵥵ģΪڸǵ۽ԶľʵҪһʬǻֵ飿
һЦǰЩڵǿߣľʱһץĸоЩͽͲҲû͡
ĬƬ̣Żҡͷ֪룬鲢ľ䲻ţȴҲ֪ɷҵɫ
µ˲䣬ľʱٲ˿ԥȻһƿնȥ
񣬻ǿ½ٴȥֻߵĻᶼˣ
ڿ£˭ҲɱܷŹͲнĿܡ
ֻʱܿâȵٴ֮󣬲ϴˡ
֮ǰľʱͻΪɥ֮Ȯˣߵᱻĸ׷ɱ
뵽һеʼٸߣǶľҲ˼ֺ⣬ԼǸֻеؽ׵Сӣ˼ּɵ֮⡣
ֶΣƣ˫
ǵȵɳٸ֮Ե۽Լ˿ֲƣ˵пܳΪһ۰


 ھʮ 벻ľף
תͶͱݸ
Ȼ汾͸ֲͬˣ˵类ľն۽Ҳľߣ˵ƾ۽߾ˡ
ϸָвͬΣ֮ȴѾ׵׵ĴˣңѾܹǿᲢˡ
֮ǰᵽλǿߣȴʧٵʧ٣Щ󱻿õˣаϲûЩֵᣬôеĻȴǴˡ
գ֮䣬ѾϹɱӡ
һϣȻϢ·Ѿľնɱһ㡣
ݸǿɢȥ˲٣Ͼ龪̫ˣ۽ľУɲǴǿеĽ
֮ǰעϹɱĿΪ۽Ȼ۽ѾڣעȻ͵͵Ķˡ
Ƕľ챻׷·ţμҵĽ棬Ǳʵʵڿֲ֮ԶѰףֻͱնˡ
ϸա
䣬ҲмȻ֮С
һ̣һ£һӣŲЩأ䳤Ͻ˲㣬Եģһ˵ӡ
׵ϢҲͬӣ·ˣҲܿͶ֮԰ۡ
ƺ⣬Ͻ㣬Ҳ⣬һ·ߵݸΪԺ
˵ǱԺʵҲǷӡϹɱڡ
ѾۼˣȻҲֵģʸˣȿ
ʽʱ䣬вһʱ
鷳ø·Щɳƣȴļᶨô˵ע֮£Ҳûаֻš
ӣ
üԱ̲߱סԼңһ˵ʱõ˲˵ķϡ
ǻˣôֻѾ߳ŭ֣ˣȻɫȴȻ糣·ѹûаЩ볰Цһ㡣
˹ĴȺ֮мߵſڣʼδһԡ
վס
ϵͬʱſڵһ΢ֱӽ굲档
̧ͷ˿ſڱԺңɳɤӼ˵û⣬ûߴ
ľأ˲ͬȻҲƵ꣬ȴվǸģô˵棬Ҳ̫Եݸӣֻв͵Ŀʵ
ǣӣ֪ľô˵֮䣬ΧҲ
˵ģôͷԵĴӻСһɫƣԴЩȷʵ
ľ
һ˲䣬ոջΧſֵȴǶʱɵˣȻʲôǼȻеġľֶȫûٵģһ˿ݸŵ͸˲һ˿֮⡣
ڣܽȥôҲżȻŲӿڣſڵش
һȣСӣľ
ش𣬱зӦˣҸƽ𣡡
ƽʲôҸһѱʦ֤ʵһء
һƿ鵤ܰ

һʱ䣬˶ȿֺĿۣ֮ǰĵӣһ̣ģǼƣֱˡ
ҲЩˣµľѾˣûлȥˣǰļһܾһλˡ
˵аѵ۽ӣܸô㻻ĵͷɵͷɵԿʵ


Ѿˡ
ۼʱѾˣ˻ݸ
˶ˣ΢΢۾ݸʵü֮䣬һ˿ľâ
ʮˣһش
飬ǡþԣԼʤϾ˿ǶѾ֮ǰһս֮С
ߣȥƣ΢΢ףݸ漴Ⱥȴ֮ȥ
ЩӣݸŸоЩΣնľӣǵն˷磬ҲȫûбҪɱڣֻҪŵ۽뿪԰ٵʵסȫûбҪԼ
ߣݸҲȫûɻ
ô˵Ͼ۵Ĵˣڱô󶯾Ҫ˵ô򵥾ͱľɱƺҲЩ̫ˡ
Ŀ⻺ڳЩɨȴͬδܲ˿쳣ŵؽʵ꣬ص㱻ݸ۲Ȼû˿

ͬʱͬʱ
ˣɣ
΢΢̧֣ݸڵҶģʲôݣȻбõľʸϹɱ
һ£ż˵ҳ˵ǰ棬ϹɱߣвһΣܻԽΣգһĪԹ
⵹ҲԿţֻҪ֮ǰϹɱջųмˣΣˡ
ĿٴδɨݸٴѯʵڣҪ˳ô
Թ
⣬һ˶ʱͬʱ
ãȻˣǱ㿪ɣ
üͷ΢΢һݸ΢΢һʱһĪĴܻԺʱһȻϢ֣ԼɼһҡҷӰӡ

һ˲䣬жȻһʣǽĪ֮вһĽ
Ⱥ֮УüͷǿӰȴǲЩ¡
ͬˣҲǷǳϤˣȻ˿ۼݸʩչҲЩ𺳡
֮ǰֻ֪ϹɱݸԴֶηӡڴˣףƬϹɱַȻǱһǿӡšǵĴǣ󣬵ݸӡһƬϹɱ֮ʱȻҲǺķ˼۵ģ񣬼ԼҪҲʲô̫׵顣
ǻˣҪǿпǱֱӺֲˣֲĽ¾ǶľǿߣҲԺġ
꣡
ݸķϵȻһ˿϶ת˲֮䣬һɼǿɱ͸
ɱ¾ϢϹɱϢ
һ˲䣬ӡϹɱȴڻˣȻһ˲䣬ȴ˲˲䣬ݸͻȻһ˿֮ɫĿ֮УҲ˼֮⣬ƺӿһ֧Խ
⣡
˲䣬бһ˿ɫɫ˿˼Ķݸı飬̵ֲ仺սȻδ͸ʲôɱȻϸ۲ͻ֣ᷢѾ·ֶ˳Աһ㡣
һ̣оģͲʲôϹɱ򼴽˷ܸУһַս벻


 ھʮ ٣
ˣ
һĨɱɭȻϹɱڵĿռȻҵĲƬռ𵴣˴𺳣ֱױȡ
Ϲɱ֮ϵӰϵĲ̶ѣգ֮䣬ֻһĨѪɫҫأ׽ɷĩ
ۣ
һѪȻӿݸһ˿εľһ˳߲վΣ֮䣬֣һĨֲĽ
һ̣ٳٶ۵ˣҲ֪⣬һʱ䣬ɵ˵ĪĶȻ𵴵գһĪĿ־֮⡣
η˼ݸβһ
£ݸһ̤֮УɭȻںȵΧȻһ֧֮ǰӰͬһΣ⻤Եȴʵʣɢ󵭵֮㡣
ףҲҷӡϹɱ򣬱㵱ǻˡ
֮Ȼһߣд̹ǵɱһ仰ڣΧ¶ȷ·֮˼ʮȡ
ͷ¶βʲôˣüͷһݸȻ˶ԷڵһƬգһն䡣
磡
һϢʱ䣬ûӰĽѾʵʵն䣬ǷݾƣѾˡ
δ֣һ֣ݸչֳƱκ˾ˣ˵ǲ׵ˣΧЩǿߣҲûм˸˵ܹһ֮
Ȼһȴ·ն˿մһ㣬һСƬѾΪһ飬Ҳȫû׽סԷ˿Ϣ
һΣݸɫˡ
̤۷꣬Ȼ˵ݵһȴҲʵļ֮һħҲаշһսʤҲ˵֮䡣
һƲִٳ֣ʵϣȴҲѾǽ߾ȫˣ
ǣһϢ£Ҳδ˵ԷֺԷڵĸ֪ʧȥˣĽֱ־쳣ᶨֻ¶ҪΪǲþˡ
ȻͷҲһţգ֮䣬ݸȻʲôȻ˳Ӱ
Ҳм
˵֮䣬ڴֳ֮ΣɫĳԼ͸һ˿Ϣ˫ָڱü֮һ˿Ӣ˷·Ϊһ壬һһ·͸ع

ֵ֪ˣһ̶ĵ׷һ˿⣬Щǿߣ˿̸Щûеͷӡ
һۣ
Ϲɱݺ֮ʱĴڣ޵еκˣֻҪ֣ʧֵʱ
֮Уһȴηһ
򲻹㻹һ˿ĻᡣҪѣǼֱЦ
ͨռ䷨׷˿ɰ׷
˵ٶԼڿռ䷨ƿأҲ
ʧٶ꣬һ̣ߵʧ˶ٴγ䡣
ңͬϴֻͶӰ֣ȴ٣һ
֪٣ʧˡһݸ΢ֵ
Ҳ룬ڱϣǲ¶˿ġ
ݸ΢΢˲ֱ䵽Ⱥ֮ϡ
磬Ҫһ컯ɸҪô
磡
򵥵һ˵Ŀⶼͬʱ䵽ϣȻôҲ봫˵еķȥԶ
Ҫǡ羹Ȼţ
仰˵һսľҲûסȻˣƿǶľҲ̫˰ɡ
Ȼʱ򱻵ݵĻֻǣȴҲѾûαװȥˡ
٣ĳҲʱԼִĶˡ
Цһ£ҡҡͷվ˳֣ȻͬһװȻһ֮䣬ȴȻ췭ظ
֮յüʤҡ
˵֮䣬ù֮ɢ䣬գ֮䣬Ѿظ˱Ŀ
һ̲סһЦŵ۽ңҲδܹϵóˡ
֮ʱֻǸıһòαװʱѾ˲ֶˡ
ȻȴϢʶܹı䣬ΩΩФҲʲôȻʵԶǿģҲ޷ֱ档
ӵе۽ܹõ۽αװԼʵǱĪ⣬޷жˡ
ҲΪ۽Ż¶м
˻޷֪һۣڵ۽Ϥȴܹģе۽ڲ࣬ͲҪȥֱһǷ磬ֻҪҵ۽ھѾϳˡ
ܽˣȻһЦֱǵ۽ймҲż͵ġ
̹̹мԷܵġ
٣ԷݸЩǲмġ
Ǿ仰Ҹһ컯Ҫôͣ΢Цſ򷽴磬ٴʵ
üͷ΢Ȼûȷشһֳ죬֮𵴣գ֮䣬ҡضһƬϹɱʱҵĲ

һȻ𣬷Ȼһ˿âһ̤֮
ͬʱȻѣХ֮䣬ϹɱַȴȻεضŸ߿֮зȥ
ҵĻζ֮Уر飬ʮҪɱ˱˽ʮʣ·ӦһЩģҲͬŪ˸ͷǱĹ䵽һԡ
ػΧĻԼֵˣǲ֪˶١
ֻЩǿߣۿԣֱӷɿǶһ١
Ƭ֮䣬ƬϹɱȻӵףԶԶȥһСһ㣬ѹԵԣԶǳܹġ
ȻڼʶǿߣҲѾĿɿڴˡ
ƾհһأ⻹˵ֶô
룬ڿУͬ¶һ˿֮ɫǿҵĿռ䲨ͬˮһȦȦķ

ͬһȻը죬³һ֣еϹɱȻ͸һѪɫֱʡ
ŨصɱȻڣݸ˿ҲͬоһƵľ£
˵֮ǰϹɱһֱڳ˯֮УܹѹƷӡô˿̾ĿơϹɱȴͬһ˯֮оѣת֮ų
ȻһҲŶֻǸոտʼѣ
һ̣ǿ߱㶼ܸоķԼа˴λ֮ͬƵϢ
һþŴ
뵽жȻһˣϹɱ򵱳飬µַҲþǾŴ
Ϲɱգ
һ˲䣬ǿ߲ɫ䣬ŵĺ˳
Ϲɱգʱ꣬ҲʱؿϹɱˣЦһֳ죬ȴֻ֮Ȼһռ
ƶһϹɱżһ˿ѷ֮мȥ
ס
ֱ˿̣ݸȻ˳ͬʱӶнٴƶնȥ
һﾪˣ
ֱ˿̣ŷӦˣҪʲôԼЩ˶ǱҪֹģһؿϹɱǱһѣûܹ⡣
һ䣬˶ͬʱֹ֣ȥ
վ
һָ£ʱһ澵Ӵ֮иܻףһڹ
һ̣ЩȻվϣȻǣգ֮䣬нĹֱӱվء
ۣ
һƬҽ֮˲Ϣ֮䣬ǷصĹٴνΧնɱһƬ
ʶֶΣֶΣѾˣǿܹġ
ҲȻ˵ֶͨΣϹɱܹ£һۣ޵У˸ڷ档
һ˿֮ɫϾֳ̫վֶΣٰ˳ϵĹܷء
ֻǣڷĿϹɱվʱ
ʣµһ빥Ȼ䵽վϣ̶ʮϢʱ䣬㽫վ飬ನݺӡȥ
ƽգֶΣֻҪչӰݣǿ֮ĩĹȻвĵǣȴֻܶӲЩ
Ҳǽһײ֮ȴȻϹɱַײƬѷ֮С
ȣ
ȻȳһѪȴǻ벻⣬ЦҲ̫ǵĻҲ㵽Ϊֹɡ
һ߶ʱٴθһվһй
ϹɱȻλСӣˣҪ컯
µ˲䣬ֻ߿֮һ𵴣ת֮䣬ŴϹɱַĸ߿֮۵һγһѪɫĳǱƯУ
Ȼ̫ԶѾ֮еĳУȴɸһľҳ
Ϲɱô֮ǰҪʲô֧һճǣ
˭Ż֮ǵˣ


 ھʮ ֮ǣ
컯
˵ڷ˵ƺҲδʲô컯෴ЩĪĲ
һۣǸ߸ڿе֮ǣԶķܹ󼰵ģ˵컯˵Σգңǣһпܶ˵ƺõġ
һжڱƿ֮еĸоڷ˵ʵڷ
ɱ
Ҳ᷽룬ȴѾסˣϹɱ򸡿գΪ֮ǣ㷲һͷʱű˳ȥʩֶȥ
ֻһǰոˣ˿õĻᣬһȵһȫǲĺ޻صѡ
ݺЦ֮͸һ˿֮ɫ΢΢̧֣ͬոһֶΡ
վ
ɲ֮䣬ӵľܻףʵʣ͸һ˿ɣ֮УѲǸոտԱˡ
Ҫ֪ţȫڿһϹɱռѷ֮ϣվǱܵķѡ˿̣ȴȫ֣Ȼͬն
䣡
ֲĲͬˮһȻݺݵĺһվ֮ϣֻǣĹȴֱ˿Чգ֮䣬ֻվһ˿ĹԣӲ˳ɵĹء
ʣµɣҲվɣѹûʲôܹ塣
ЩȫǺεȵѰףݸֲεģֻһգۼҲ㱻ɱˡЩӲվأԼҲֵͬס
ڹܼµùһûļֱӱɱ
Ĺ̫
ˣļ˿ûн˷ϡʵϣҲȷʸ
վѧֻҪûдﵽȫγɱĵز͸вվ׾پͻᱻء
վƾվһ֮ǣƲɵ
ЩУҲֻݸǿܹһвˣͲһ֮ϡŷģ˵
ݺ֮ʱƾʵѾˣۣûܹƵԳˡ
˵֮ǰлһ˿ôĳ֣ȴķһеϣʵˣȻǸݺأð
ˣĿȴٴ䵽˷ϣ΢ЦСӣ컯ɸҪô
ѾǵᵽˣķҲûлرܵɡ
΢΢̧ͷƽĿͻȻʵһ²档
Ŷʲôƺں̬ȣڷʵ
ǣ˵ۣҪʲôʵ
˵ֻ忪Ϲɱֹýֺͷ룬Ҳš
ȻڣҲڵģֻҪȻû۳֣ҲԷһеķˡô໨ԼҲһӰĴڣûʸһ۵ķۡ
Сӣ㵹ǺĲ١ȻһЦȴҲδϣֻǵһָգҪĴ𰸣棬֪취ȥȻ֪һС
֮ǣ
Ư֮еϹɱƺһдڵĸԴͬһȦٴλصԭ㡣
ָһ㣬֮Ǵʮ֮УĪ˵㻹ֻǵؽףȻ۷壬Ҳȥ
ʮף
Ѿһ׼ֵʱ򣬷Ҳڻǲݺݲһ¡
ͬˣΪһԽߣȻףҪһ߶Ǻѵ飡
ͬһ㣬Ȼܹ裬Ҫ߿գȴǼܵġ
ǿߣܹУǣһҲ˵ڼףһǧ׵ĿзУϣѶȿɱǼαˣ
˵ʮ׵ĸ߿գһ˵۷ĴڣֻҲˡ
ȻԸȴҲףĸ߶ȣԶ£Լܹﵽģ̤Ҳһ
һ˿Ц⣬ŷ֮У컯е˶ʼɵķ񲻹ҪȥʵֶοԶԶҸһᣬץסнʱ
ʲô˼üͷһ绺ڵ
飬֮·
ǻش𷽴Ļһ̤֮֮Уһָüģգ֮䣬һȻ֮֮зӿ
Ϣ֮䣬ֻתΧռ䶼֮֮䣬֮УٴѿԳһѤɫͨ
·Ϊ֮·ֱ֮ͨǣ֮·ɻ컯ǰϹɱ׷ѰҪĴ𰸡ָǰɫռͨ΢ЦСӣһ컯Ҫô
ȻһȴȻһ˿â·Ҫ۾пʵͼ
Ȼϧǣɫһֱƽ۾֮Ҳȫû˿˿쳣
һ֣һ֪⣬Ҳ̲סҪȥľ֡
һ̣Ƿ磬Ҳһ˿
̿ͣһֱƣڿƾ棬ǣȴ˵֮Уֲڿ֮ڵĸо˸оһ
ǻˣֻҲѾǷˡ
Ȼڷ˵ȴһս
Ȼˣлһ˿⣬΢ǷڵȻ󣬵ȴᶨ̺֮żǿģ
еľ֣ģȻв֣Ȼƾ֣ƴţʵļƶѣ
ΣգȻҲζл
һ˵˵۾кͼһ㲻дǾǣν컯Ǽٵġ
ϾԼʵֱüֵûУֻȽʵȥнһõĿܡ
ڷ˵Ҳͬʱˡ
ڵʵۼ޷ôֻ֣ȻʵȻ󿴴еı仯ʵʱѡƾֶȡһ
οⳡ棬Ǿܾ飬ѵƾԼɱȥô
Щ˶ԸɲʰԼһ뿪ôǿҪɱԼҲԲʲô¡
㶯سɴѵĻҲͬСĿϾ˿ǿʵ̫سɴľϾޣܹʩչĴҲͬ٣
ǣ˳˼һν֮·õѡ
ãסˣֻһεĻʧܣǱȻңҲû㣡
һӣһɫĹӰȻ£䵽˷Ľ£ֻҪһ̧ž̤֮·
ģǵ񻹿Ҳ๼ȻһЦ˫ָڱ󣬷ʱû˿ԥһ̤֮ɫ·գ֮䣬ʧɫ֮ڡ


 ھʮ ֮·
ǣɣ
תĿ֮дżֹ⣬ʵ
һʱ䣬˲һͣȴ˻ش𡣵ȻʵϣĻҲȫûдʱǻʲôĿģϣܹų
Ͼ˵Щ˶ڷҲǲģѾûʲôϣõ۽ˣôõ۽뷽һʲô֮·֮лҲδһõĽ
߻ɨǹһĨ΢Ц漴ڵҪǣͲ䣬ԸСܻȥұ֤һڵġ
Ҳͣ̾Ϣһ֮ɫĹӰɢһз·ֻصʲôûз
һ̤ɲ֮֮Уûһ˿Ϣй
ֶΣǷ翴ֻҲ̾ѣسɴֶҲ˶ѡ
Ҳᣬһ˵𺳣»صϡ
һ̤оͬһصĿռһ㣬ʧȥһи֪Χһз·Ѿˣֻʣɫûвûоͷ
һƬɫ֮Уƺһģ߻߲ߣκεĲҲȫоǷƶ
ûûҲûκεĴڡ
˼㣬Ҳ鵽˼ޣһƬķء
һ̣һδΪǹԼԼ׷ġ
ȻͷҲһţת֮䣬ٴ侲δִٵߣǻ۾
Ե侲ڴ̿˵ǲܻȱġ
ȻЩ죬ҪԴ˶ҡ־ȴҲǾԲܵġ
һеı仯ѾתжϣǷΪѵѡ
Ϊһ̿ͣһжϣͲκεĸı䡣
Ҳ֪˶ãٴ۾
Ƭ̣λǰȥעĻͻ֣ᷢÿһǹ̶ģûһ˿һƫơ
һ仰˵ķʽ롣
ɫûκεı仯۷з껹ƽƺ˶κεı仯
һһһ
ʱ·Ѿû壬ǰУΧĻΣδй˿Ķҡ·ôȥѾΪΨһС
ͬһˣû˿ĲԼĿжҲżǿš
һˣĻ֮£߶ԶĽԭתȦӣĵʵϣҲס
ǣȴȻÿһķλ붼ļ㣬κεƫ
һִֹԼǿģκ˻˵κܹҡġ
ʱһȥвϵļԼоԼƺѾ߳£ȻΧĻȴȻû˿ı仯
̧ͷһԶûоͷɫޣڻһԲļǰС

֮УĳһƬ֮С
룬ԼһӰ°ͣ߷һɫķȣκ֮УĿⶼ᲻ԾıģӰ·ġ
۾ܹ֮߳·
ǸӰʡ
⣬ôͷû̧һ£۳ش
䣬ĳһ۾ˣҲֻһ˶ѡ
ֻ֪ĵȴϣһϣǷЩ̫ʣ
Ĭ˰ãڻǻڵ
ꡭǰת۰ˡĬƬ̣ڻ̧ͷɫ˫ۣ͸һ޾ϣЩɣ
˭ĵǣһҲҪˡ̧ͷɫ˫ƺܹ͸͸޾һ㣬۵ڵҲڤڤ֮е
Цһ£ڻ̾Ϣһ۾Ӧ֪֮·Ŀ¡ңȥҲֻһİնѡ
֮·ΪûйϵҲ޷ĶˣЩġ
ǣ۾ʧˡ
ûпǣ˫Ŀ磬۵͸һ˿£ɭȻĻ˻֣㲻ףվǲס

һ꣬꣬ꡭ
ʼļʱ䣬Ѿȥ֮ãҲû˿ҡ
ǳˣֻѾˣȻֱ˿̣ҲȻƽͬһڹžһ㣬ƾ䣬Ҳ˿Ĳ
ƺЩƣˣڵһͣ˽Ų
һ֮꣬ƣ룬˸޷
¶µĵˣΪһ̿ͣѾϰ˹¶ĸоǣֽĹ¶ȴȻѹֵĴ
ûܹ㣬ѡǲȷģֻĬĬǰУŹ¶һδο飬ִļԼѡ񣬼㿴˿ϣҲȻִļ֡
ľٶʵ̫񣬷ţҲ޷š
ÿһ죬綼СĵΧÿһ˿仯ͼҵ
Ȼһȴעͽ͵ģɫޣ޷ܵκζΧռ䲨ûС
ԭ죬üͷ΢һִļǰȥ
ٶȣĲӣ֮ǰȫûκεĲ
вûתͷЩͷȴվΪޣδ˿ӡǡ
һ߿·ѾԼƬ֮Уûһͷ
ûгԷˮһȫתȻϣؽ׵ǿѾҲάһƬ֮Уȴ޷ա
仰˵ȫתά
ҲΪʲôûѡٷеԭΪƬ֮УתǻȥҪı֤
ΪòĲ䣬˶Ե쳣ƣ룬ÿһĿЩУѾõڹ͡
ʵϣƾ۽ܹԼϲһ˿Ҳͻôꡣ
ÿһ۽Ϧԣŵ۽ת֮䣬ڵ۽뷽֮䣬ҲѾγһֶصĬϵ˵ȴĴڣֻеʱ򣬷ĸо۽ԼģǸ߸ϵۡ
ʱţգ֮ȥ
ѾԵ쳣ϣеάȻԼղ䡣
ԭںڵͷҲѾѩףܹоѾʼ˻ÿһ춼ڼ٣ȻΨһǣµĲʼûһ˿ҡ
ʲô÷ܹ˵ļ֣ǸоţҲδ˿Ļҡ
֮·ʲôޣֻһй޲ΨһĽ֣
̾Ϣ΢΢һͣȴվδͣ


 ھʮ һãһ
ʮ꣡
ʮʱ䣬綼ּį֮жȹΧĻͷβδй˿ı仯
жĲƾ۽һ˿صϵһֱʮ꣬ȥѾԲ̬֮׷磬ޣȻȻδй仯ȻȴҲѾܹио֮ˡ
Ψһģֻзһ˿ִˡ
ʮµĥҲδй벽ˣȻʯ
ˣ
ʱţеĵ۽͸һ˿ĽɫӰ
Լ䣬ҲܹóǹӰۡ
ͣ½ŲǰͶӰ粢δ𻰣ֻƽĽĿ䵽Էϡ
ļ֣ǣҲʧ޴
ŷ磬ĬңŻڵϡָּͣӣһ˵Ĺ졣
޴ôظһ֣ϵԼ͸һ˿ѵЦ⣬΢΢ҡͷδشֻǾļǰȥ
Ϊһֱȥ֮߳·Цһ£ɭȻѾʮ꣬ҸҶԣʮ꣬ҲȻ߲
۵ĿǷǳ棬ȫûпЦ˼
û˸Һ۵ĻĻǷ磬Ҳ仰ʵԣǻش۵ȴȻֻǼĲӡ
ȷش۱˵ǵ۽ѾˣϵΨһŦȻڤ粻飬е۽Ҳֻ·һ
֮䣬дֲǣЩ˵ʲô΢΢ҡͷ粢δˣµĲȻأȴͬᶨ
˵ˣʮ꣬Ҳ߲֮·
ŷ߹̲סٴκǳ
Ǿ߶ʮ꣡
Ųû˿ͣǰأ򵥣·ԭͲֻһѰһ㡣
һĽ𣬼ûκһԹߡ
ʱ䣬ʵѾû壬ǷһֱĬĬţͲ֪ȥ˶á
ʵ̫ˣһܹһеţ˴ĵһֿ־Ĺ¶
ʮ꣬ʮ꣡
ĲѾѼһ룬ϵ壬Ѿʼ˴Ϣ·ÿһҪľȫ
ˣ
ͬһʱ䣬۽ٴβ۵ͶӰٴγ֣һʮ֮ǰֻķΪˡ
磬㻹Ҫ޴ȥôӣ֮·Բʲô򵥵Ŀ飬ƫִܹģȥκ壬ֻԽĲϣֱʧȥе
һ˿ŭǳ
˵İ취ָ۽ô΢΢̧ͷڣֻǽµĲȴȻδͣ
Ѿˣ۽ϵΨһŦֻе۽Ǵ֮·ԿҪģ취ҵȻڹִ޴һֱǰߡ
ŵ۽ָҵ۽ô
ͶӰϴγֵʱ򣬷ʵϾѾ˵۽֮һ˿ϸ΢ı仯
ûÿһͨ۽ȡһ˿ϸ΢άʱ򣬷綼ܹܵĵ۽һ޴УϵջԼȥ·ֻҪ۽ܹԴԴϵĴȡڶʱڳ׻ָʵƾ۽ƿ֮·
ȻǷǳǵ۽Լµ·
ֻǣ·ȴһʼûдȥߡ
ȻѾˣΪʲôȥѵҪô
۵Ŀ֮ѣȻֻһͶӰȻȴȻ޾˲ԾıҪȥ
ΪҲľż
̧ͷƽĿڵ˵ĶԣֻҪ۽Ҿܹ뿪ǣֻ㰲Ÿ·Լ·
ڵʲôѵһẦôŷ磬ۻڵǵ۽ĴˣҲҵĴˣһûеӣ仰˵ΨһĵϣҪ̤۷壬ҪΪһµĵ
ô
ϴŲõЦݣֻǼ򵥵ķʳ֣һʱ䣬ȴǶʱе˵ǶĶ˻ȥ
ǰôһҲ˵ŲţԼô
˵Ƶ޳´У󱲳ɳĻô
ĬƬ̣ż˵ðɣҳϣҪһЩ飬ǣҿԱ֤ЩΣԼҵĳŵҲκγͻ
Լ˵һŵôǴһ˿绺ʵ

⣬ͲҪ𰸣ۣԼƿأ
ѵҲҪҵָ͸һ˿֮ɫ۳ĬƬ̣ɭȻڵ
˵ҿ߳ȥͷƽĿڵ
Ȼ󣬵ȴĴӷĿУŨŨţһ֣ƾҲļ֡
۲ûȰʱȻκﶼѾ޷ı䷽־ˡ
ͶӰٴʧǵЦȴԽĲ
ͿҪǲǣ
ɺôһߣʮ꣡
ʮ£·һۣ޷
ʮ꣬Դݻκ˵־Ȼ޷ŵǣ㷽ÿαϢʮҲһȻȴȻû˿Ļ⣬ƽ
ܹĸоţ񣬼ǵ۽ҲѾҲ޷κΰˣʣµֻһдԼȻ
ʮ
֪ԼҲֻʮˡ
ʮ֮󣬲
Ȼǰ·ȴȻģû˿ı仯Ȼ޾·ԶҲ߲һ㡣
վԭأһ̣ͷָڵ۽ϻʼղһԡ
ʱҪ˵Ȼû˿ԥҲǳ
ϾԻһ·ǰֻҪ˵ģ۽֮Уܹƾֶ׾ٵ뿪֮·
˵ᱻƣҲȻȥܱƣбõļֵɣ
۴ʲô⣬٣Լ˵õģʱҪɱԼôԾ͸ɴõľȥ´һˡ
ò˵ͷܿڷռϷ磬һơ
˼ת뵽̫̫Ķ
֮ǰͬ˿̵ƺҲѾ˺ܶԸĶңӣѩ˵򵥣ֻҪֻмܹѣ
һˣǲˣ
ֻһ֮䣬ľƺѾؿ˰ɣ
һһգ
һ˲䣬ƺͻȻͨЩʲô¶һ˿΢ЦȻһЦժ˵۽
һãһҵѡô


 ھʮ ʮ
飡
е۽Ȼһߣһ˿Ľ⣬ǰ׷˳ȥ
ǲõЦݡ
ƾ۽ܹգǣȴҪѡ
̿ͣʲôԶΨһܶľǷš
һ緽֮ǰ˵ʼռţԼܹ߳ȥѾֻʣʮҲδйҡ
֮ʮʮоţȥһ
лУ̧ͷȻ˵һ
ν֮·ȻΣ֮ǣڷʶҲԲǾأƱػһľԶǳܹģȥһֶΣҲǵһãȻ˿Ļɡ
ȥ۽ǶϾһ·ҵķʽһ׵׵ѡ
ڶ
ܹˣ˵ȴṇ̀ߣֱĶѡ
ľ񣬳˻ĵĿ־壬ǷȴȻΪһ̿ͣѿܲıԵȴʼջ
ģ֣˵򵥣ʵϣܹһֱбĵˣȴһ
ΪӣҪ޵ľģܹ̤뷽羳ڶأѼʯԶܶҡġ

ÿһ֮ɿȥֲֿƣ˱ˣˣټߣ⼸Ѿˡ
ÿ˶мޣֵܼٵȴԶֻһС֡
ɢֱӵĺǻþһ̣ǿ緽磬ҲԿƵ˻þ
ңӣѩǺ𽡭ЩڷռҪλõˣһһͷӰŷ˼
ͷ˵Ķԡ̿ǲӦиġݽҧ´Լһ˿ѪȻȴЦԽ
ͷȻ޷飬ǣұ֤ЩΪеЦź˳һٴͣ¡

ʮȻ룬ȻΧȴȻûκα仯Ϊ·ЦŷĹִ޴
Ȼڷ˵ЩʵҪ
򵥵ʮڷ˵ȴԲһԵĥҵķʽġ
ʮĹ¶֣ѹʮ֮䳹ױ˳ѹȸоԲǳܹܵġ
𣬲ܷ¡
֮ǰٴնɱ־棬ǸŮˣȴҲ÷Ŀ˱ģԼУ׽ٶɹ
ҲΪˣԣڴ˿̣㷽ǳѩĸ飬Ҳ쳣ݰ飬ȴȻܹ˿
ӹǴ̿ͣ˿ɵĴ̿͡
飬ȻҪȴԲΪһ˵ȫǴ̿͵ȫ
ۣ֪ӣҪҰ˼ȥûôף
߲
ǵ۽Ҳã֮·Ҳã۵İţҪľǣѶԷĿƣԼһԷƿصı
һֱֲЭԭ
Ľ棬ݲð벽ȴ
ǺܹŹֵģۻʲôɣֻҪһͻеڶһֱҲ·ˣΪԷĿܡ
۽еļ֣ôһΣΣյʱ򣬱㻹᲻Ծ´Σȵ۵ʱ򣬲Ż֣ᷢԼѾһߵ˾·Ҳˡ
ڰˡھŲ
ۣ
̲סһھѪ˶ήڵϣһ֮ȴ
ϢĽӽ·ÿһκܸоϢʱܳʧȥеϢ
ɣ
ɿ측֣·лصջŷÿһϸ
ƴ˼ޣȴȻ˿ϣ
ֻʣһ̤أȴŵģҲ޾޶ѣ
۽ǰһ׵λãڷ˵ֻҪƴȫʩչܹ֮ץĻ仰˵ǷĻˡ
ȥϣ
ν֮·ҿνһҲֻ޶ѡȻͷǱÿһǾͷҲţ˭ܹסң
һ£ź֮ٴͦˣһ˿âɭȻڡ
а߰ʮ
ȻϣǷȴʼռţһһеվ
һģƴһеĺģӮһɱ䣬ܣ
ȻͬͨĶͽһڷȴѾεġ
̤֮·һ˲䣬һֱΨһ·Ǽȥϧκθŵȥ
ȱţͶӰδı䷽⡣
һ·ʵ϶ûţÿʱÿ̶ϸΧһУͼҳһ˿һ쳣
Ȼʮ꣬綼δһ˿쳣
Ȿĵط
Լżǿŵģν֮ʮʮоţȥһ
ʼţٴΣ֣ҲȻһ
֮·Ȼû˿쳣ƾأôʣΨһǼȥ
ƴһеģȴļ֡
ȻҲֻǷ룬ǷԼϣҲֻɵİա
ڴ̿˵ɵİգǾѾ㹻ˣ
޷ǾǺĶѣϾһ·һľ֡
ʮ
һ䣬Ͼ
һ˿ʶɢת·һжһ㡣
ʧô
ͬ˵ʵϣһ̣ѾһУжʤܵûˡ
ܹһжѾɣʣµ޷Ǿһѣڷ˵ѾҪˡ
䣡
ǷԹȥ˲䣬ΧƬȻɢһжɲ֮ɢ֮·׻
Ŀռ䲨壬ȴĳ֮⣬Ưǰ
ң˿̷壬ҲٲǸ֮ǻָ֮ǰգҲѻָΨһĵıһ̣·ԵģҲʲôˣֻǹƣѡ

ˣ
֮Уεķ֣Ӳϣһ̣۵ҲȻɫ䡣
֮·Ȼı߳ˣ
δ۽֮ʵ־߳ġ
ĽԶԶ۵Ԥƣļʶһ̣Ҳһŵĸо
ֱģû˱֮·Ŀֲʵ޹أһ־Ŀ飡
Ȼܹ뿪֮·ļʴҲֻɶѣԷ羹ȻôӲ߳ˡ
˵۽£
Ҫ֪£κһᶼ˲һеץȣپʱֱ߾Ļᣬô˭ܽסջ
־ҲͬΪ֮ݣ
ͷһΣжڷ磬һ˿׽ļɵ


 һ 
ʮ죡
˵ʵȻ֪֮·ζʲôˣΪ֮ݣ𺳡
ʮˣҶѾˣȻ߳ˣ˵ûе۾ֱʣ
֮УģѪӰɤɳƵʵ
˵ûУôǴһ˿ڷʵ
šҡҡͷ۽ڷߣ²۸֮·ƾ衣ϾķϵشϹɱٴοǷˣ鷳ƱزС
ҵϣԼ߳ģȻעֻһܣ̫Ҳ첻Ǽ¡΢΢ҡͷǵȵ̫Щ
Ĭ˰죬ԱѪӰŻ˵ˡ
֮·ģȻ𣬷֮߳·Ȼüȥһֻеؽ׵Сӣ˵ʵ̫
ãȻһЦ΢΢ҡͷһ̤֮֮У˲ʧȥټҾٸһ컯

ģƺ鷳ʵϣֻҪûĽᣬҲǺú˯һ顣
ԭ˯һһҹκ˹˫΢΢һŴӵվŵĿ˿Լ˫֣ų׷
ɲǷʮ겻֮䣬֮·ô̾ϢһһԱߵϵĵ۽ȻԾ˷ơ
񣬷Ȼףν֮·ǿ֮鿽ʡ
˻ףΪɽĵӣȴκ˶ǺεȵĿ¡
֮·ĴڣݲðͶȡɣֻƾԼʵɹʹɱ䣬ǽҲĵĥӡǡ
ƽգѸоһˣ̤ףҲκ쳣ĸо
ǣȴǳζʲô˵Ӵ֮ԶʧȥʸһЩΣ֮ʱҪƼ޵ĿԼ㡣
Ҫǣһˣƾ˲أֵĻᶼûС
һͨ׵ıǶõԣôӲһ˺ţ֪ˣֻҪᶯָܶȡԵĿȨ
ĺţңĺţ޷
͸һ˿âܵķһֱжϣǹģ۵İţҪԼ֮·ѹ£õ۽ĵ
仰˵ͬ
ͷֻҪ룬еһ󷢺
ͷĻ˵ӣֻˣڷɽ۷ʱڣЩǿߣȵľ硣
жʵжǿ
ڵķȻԶԶﲻ־磬ǣֻҪ룬Ҳ֪һֺεȿµľ磡
ԭڷУȻǿĿ£ȴҲûдﵽǵȳ̶ȣĲ룬ȴǺݺݵĸһǾӣ
Ͼ֮÷뵨ɫֱκսģǷΪɽӣʼռţӱȻǿģ
̾ϢһĬĬҡͷȻ;ͬ飬û˱޷ƿأظˡ
Լ䣬ٴλصͷһӡ

һһѲһ̡֧
ո¹꣬շ·ϴһ㣬峺̾ϸϸƷζҲмֿɽȻ
ʯ֮ϣܻմգֱ߷̣ʱʱôһͼ͵ꡣ
꣬һһ滹óնˮˮгżί͵۳һˣ鲻֪߶Щʲô
ͷҶβˣôҲҺһ¡
ˮһηڣæˮ£ɵϲ裬̽ſ˵
ֻҪõĵ豭ȡüͷûһ£µĿڵǲ֪ˣȻΪ˺ܺ˵Ȼȴ֪Ȼ豭ʯϷţǣһԼֹȥԼıȻһ̣Լʲôٶȶ죬ı䲻
ƲƲ죬㬵ĺһȴòʵʵĻȥ
ͷ羳һأѾˣ˵Ҳȥˣڻôô
ӱͺöÿʵʵĸȻЩġ
ǰЩʰ˼;ãӢ۽Գұ˲ɣЦҡͷ˶豭һڲ裬
ǵ˵ϼһҾӦˡ㬵ֹһֵ֮ͬУӦǵһ˰ɣ
ҸͷΣ˼ҲŸгɾ͸С
ĻʱܴЦͷ㲻һֱ˵ǷɽĵӣȻǿôôô
ᵽڻ˲豭֪ҷɽĵӣΪһֱǿ
ʵʱĿɿڴĿˣ⻰˳ôôôˣ
羳˫ƽհѸҩʳԣ꣬ƽʵ
ҩʦָ㣬Щȱһɡ룬ʵʵĻشһ䣬Ȼмƨ֮ӣȴҲȷԷθͬû˽̣˵ʲộЧԶġ
Ͳ˭һؼ޵еġ
Щȴվֻ΢΢ףŻ˵ҪǿĻԼ
˷ۣûĺߵͷܲܲ˵ϻ
ž
䣬Դϱݺݵİһ̣ʹһԴʱ
Ҳ̬İţԹԵ˵ܼ򵥣ÿԹߣȴʼղס
һָɽ䣬˵ɽ֮ңƾʲôХɽ֣
צӣݣпֲ굹ǲԥڴ
ͬצӣݣܳԻô꣬˵ʵ
һ仰䣬ʱΪ֮һͣ˵ò
Ҳߴ٣ȻƽĺȲ裬·ʲôû˵һ㡣
ãϲһ˿亹Źһ񣬳˿
ĵ˵ͷͷż˵סˣҷ֮ǿģĲǹҩʲôʦĽ̵
ָλã˵жرж󡣡

㵽磬Ҳòϣ˶ԼӰ죬ʵ̫Զÿãʱͷһĳ᲻ԾĸԺ֮Сŵ˵ᣬ
Щɽϣͷ̸ԼĶԶԶֹѡ
˵ƺ̫ɺϣʵϣҲǺĻ۶ѡ
ȻһЦֽ۽䣬̾Ϣͷ㻹ô


 һһ ħ֮
ĪԹ
ɫʯȻǰ͸һɹϢǰ˸ϹдƺӵصܹĶȥһ㡣
΢̧һЩʯߴʮףҲĸоֺظУ·޷
ǰʯϵľ棬ȴֱӾˡ
ˣ
һʯ֮ϣؽ׵ʵȫԲСʵϣԷʵһĵؽǿߣôһƣҲȻ˵Ľ֡
ͨʯһƱֱӻΪۡ
Ȼˣһ䵽֮ϣȻҲûܺʯŷֺе·ʯ󺣣һ˿
ĸоʱ÷ˣϹɱַеѪɫȣеʯˡһʱϸʯ֮ϴôϸϸŴʯŵ·֮Ͽһ˿쳣
ЩʯƿȻɣȻϸ۲ܷЩʯƶһ˿ħԼһЩ󷨵ĺۼͨ
ٴʯţʱ
ʯǲʶģƾоҲܲ³ֹЧʯţǿ߿Ҳ޷ݻٲӦ˵ǿߣҲδܹƵĿ
뵽⣬ȴǲʱЦ֮·ǰյ׾Ҫҿʱȴ֣ԼʵȻŶƲֱо˱
ȻоһЩ·ǷȴҲףûκָ£Ҫƾձ־ʯƣ˵Ρ
üͷ𣬷ȴǲԾı䵽˵۽֮ϡ
۲ģȻԼôԼôһʯסҲδ̫С۵ˡ
ʣ˵ʱ򣬻лʯŵĻǱǵ۽ˣֻ۵ױҲпܰԼʯŵ
һˣǶʱһ˿⡣
һ۽֣һʱ콣ͷŶתɲ֮ݿĽչֳһơ
ҿ
һȻΪһӰ۽һת֮佣Ӱֹ⣬Ю֮ƣն䡣
¡¡
۽֣籬ʵ˲˺üΣȫ֮£Ѿ˿ͨǿ֮ˡҪǣ۽޼᲻ݵԸǼûʲôܹ谭
Ƶʯڵ۽ն˲䣬ԭ޵ʯƶʱ˳ΪһصĴڵ۽ķâ֮¡
꣡
գ֮䣬ڵ۽ΧʯƹӰʱѳأĶ֮ȻʯƵ۽նȴҲվǱ䵽ʯϵʱ಻ʣһֵˡ

۽ʯžҵĦ֮£һ֮صʯվһĽۣȻȴҲ֮
һ͸һ˿âյ۽Ҫٴζ֡
һȻδЧһȴҲڻǸ˷һģҪ֪ոһѾ߾ȫȻʵϣȴȻûжҡ羢
һ羢ʮı֮£ϵ۽һǲնʯŵģǶ£ǿɱδûлˡ
Сӣ㻹ȥô
ۼٴζֵ˼ߵ֮жʱһռ䲨δȴ˹
ûͷҲ׵ĴϢжϳԷˡ
͸һ˿΢ɲЦ⣬תСӼ
һҲأ˲Ϣ֮䣬αڿ˳ŷʯȡʯɣģһ⵽ɣе۽֣ƾոһ԰ˡ
΢΢һ漴ЦЦˡ
۽ϱе۽ϢҲϹɱˣֻҪӵ۷ʵƿʯŲȴƲԹʯš΢һЩٴν͵
õ۽Ҳôʼ磬գ۾ʵ
⻰ȴǶʱµİ˵ʯűԵ۽նȻǲɵġǣСӣҲ̫˰ɣȻڻƻ
һˣʱļֱһ磬ûĿڵСӣ֮ǶģֻҪպ۷壬ܽ볹׽Ϲɱ䣬ԼԼŵĵ
ԼҵţнȥĵôҲʼ磬΢Цŷʵ
һ仰ȴǲûȥٸСӾֻ·ǵñɡ
һ䣬ѵôңһ컯
ЦЦȻҲȥʲôֻ΢Цŵ˵ͷʾû⣬ʵʵվ
ûжһֵķϻ֣ٿһ㣬ʱоһԴĹϢӿ䵽ʯ֮ϡ
֨
ΡΡ֮䣬֮ǰþֶҲ޷ֺʯţȻô򵥵Ĵˡ
Ѿ׼ֶεʱ򣬷Ҳǲһֶ̾Σ治Լܹ󼰵İ
󣬼֮䣬̤ʯţյϹɱ
֮ǰȥż֮ʱͬϹɱ򣬲һֹӶׯϵζƣԼĹģԶݸ뱱֮ϡ
ңлԼ͸һɵĹ򲨶ŵ˵УڹҪ˿ϲ١
񣬷ȻֻǵؽףʵϣȴҲѾԼҵ˹żֻҪһ򣬱˳µ̤ס
ķ˵һıء
оˣ˷һۣ¶һ˿Ц⣬ҡͷͻƵ׵ļҪ߳ʮϹɱĺĵӣҲûǸʸġ
ʵϣҲѾˣʯţѾܹ˵ˡ
ˣɲǽЩʱ̧ͷϸˡ˰֣漴ָԶһ
ԶԶȥǹԼף̫󣬲ȴȫɰɣŽǧףҲ˿޷ǵĵϣڹϷ֮Уһ԰ɫȶ
룬ͨ˵̫ģǣڵؽϵǿߣǾʵ㲻ʲôˡ
ֻһ񹬵˴𺳣ȴԲǼ򵥵ݻܹݵģ˵һҪĤݵϡ
ƣڵ۽֮¡
ǡǰ񹬵֮ϰɫĹӰڻ̲סʵ
˵ΪħϹɱǿǰὫ֮עУ۳һΪħ֮
ɫصĿħ˵ħ֮ΣҸһνħĻᣬб£㽫ħ֮ȡȻʵɱհ裬ٲκ
ħ֮
ʣջ󣬼ԷԣҲȻĶ


 һ ħ
ɽףһȾ
̶ʮ̨ףڴ˵ȴǵ
̤ϵһ̨׿ʼʽħķΧʱͻܵħĳһҲʶѪĽ֡
⻹ֻΧħĵŶûȥԴ˱һĽħȴŵĻǺεȿֲĳ뿼顣
һ̨̤ףʱоһ䣬·ԹΧԼͼԼ̨ףԼܹŭš
νħ¼ĶϹɱǿߵĻǣһǰ˵ܹﵽĲΣҲ۷ʵɣЩħҲǿԷ繥ҲѾ쳣ˡ
վڵһ̨֮ϣ΢Ƭ̣¶һ˿ЦְȻǳʣȴҲȻһɽ͸·һޣӲٳһ·һ㡣
ĽŲ죬ȴߵ쳣ȣһ̣·ҲѾΪһ޼᲻ݵնǰһ谭
ôĽ⡣
ԭǴżֹ۲췽ϸ˼񿴵ַʽǽ׶ϣȴҲ̲ס̾һ
ħģʵϻ־һεֶʵʲôá
򵥵˵һ˦ǿҲκã಻ڰʯ֮¼ӡǶѣȴ޷̨ס
ǽȴһ
ǿɲǴʲôϽĽ⣬ڷ籾Ľ⣬һĸܻ±ǴΣıǷ
ܹѽ߷̶ֳȣѶȾԱԽԵиѵĶࡣ
ͬ򵽽⣬Ǽ绻һˣݸǸӰʩչ⣬Ҳ޷ƾ̨̤סΪĽⲢ⣬Ǽ̫๦뽣еĺۼƽʱ˽ֵʱ򣬸ܲħֵطֳ̾еĲˡ
˵ӲҪһȽϵĻĹĽ⻹ǷչǱȴһһ¡
ͺñȣһֻСϻʱСҲ˶٣ܲСǣһֲ㲻ͬնˡ
֮·ʱ޷ı֣ʼ۲췽Ŀʼ
ı֣Ҳһǰһĸоеǲ˼ڴ
ʵϣħҲûָܹ˳ȡħ֮
񷽴ʵ̫ʵ
ֻҪķʽϸĹ۲һ·ʵǱѡħ֮ҪȵԺ۷֮Եġ
ҲЩ˼ٴתطϡ
ţеԹ·ڽ֮±ʵķ飬ûߣȻÿһѹԽǿ˵ǳɱ
һʮ̨ףĸоԼЩˡ
˲֪ԼȴģԼȻ˵˽⣬ҲСɣȴվûдﵽֻľ磬ľҲңɼĽˡ
ԼһָоﵽĲΣһ·ħ¸Ͳ˿谭˼ǽʲôԹ˵ħܹҡ־
ϧķȴԶﲻֲΡ
̨׵ľ룬ǵţƾ轣⣬ȴѾ޷ȥˡ
ֻǷȴȻû˿뾪ţҲȻŵ΢Ц
˵߶ԿһʱӦֶΣܹߵһѾǱȽˡ
ֻʵԷӣҲħ֮ʲô֮ˡ
ô
ŷڵʮ̨֮ͣã΢΢ҡҡͷȻһѾǳˣǾԤҲһЩġ
Ԥ֮УǷܹߵſڣǲŲǰһˣպ󷽴ܹȡħ֮ܶ༸ְա
ϧˣԼڴվЩ̫ˣ˵ף񷽴ҲֻһֻеؽʵСӶѡ
뵽⣬ԳЦЦ
Լֻеؽʵʱ򣬿Ҳ̶ֳȣδܹߵĵſڰɣ
Уܹڵؽ׵ʱߵſڣ߽ȥˣҲֻе۾һ˰ɣ
ֻǣͷû£Ȼһ߳ȣͬһը죬֮У͸һɺȻ֮Լ̺һ˿Ҳ׵ĵϡ
Ŀٴ䵽ϣͫȻһȴǶʱ̲סһ
٣
Ǵӿбһ֣ȻȴǶʱһĨ⣬¶һ˿ׯ֮ɫȻӵأ·Ҫһħ궼һ㡣
գ֮䣬ЩΧڷߵħȴ޷Էһ˿в˫ָڱ󣬷羹Ȼôɵ̨̤ףߵħſڡ
ѾˣȻһ̣ľٶȴĸһжŽֻǸոտʼѡ

ٴδӿбһ֣縺ڱƳͬƿһͨĴһ㣬׾ٵƿħĴš
һ˲䣬ĻǷӿվ·Ҳ׵ĸоЩħһ˲䱬˺εȿֲ
ȻվڵſڵķȴȻһ㵭Ľ⣬һ̤֮˵š
ȵӦʱȴֹˡ
Ŀɿڴ
һ̣ЩԼþˣǸƿţ͸һ˵ϵļһǷ磿ǸֻеؽʵСһ
Ҳ̫˼˰ɣ
ѵν۽Ĵſ۵Ǳ
ֻߡҲ۲ֵĺۼ
һ̣𺳱ʱת˵ǣҪ֪ħڵĿֲԶǵ̨ܹģ
۷ǿߣħ֮У¶ĽҲ䣡
οֻǵؽ׶ѣʵĲҲ̫Щ
˵ڵ⣬һʲô⣬ƿأܾ·Ļô񣬾ȴѾ׳ĿƷΧ
ʵǲܽħֻǣħĴڷǳ죬̺һ쳣ص
⣬ǽ룬ΪԸ⽫עħ
ϾħϹɱǿ֮ǰ֮Լעĵط
Ȼʵǿᣬһ룬ֻҲҪǹصƣע֮ˡ
ʱ򣬻ɳħˣҲֻһˣǣȥֻۣҲѾˡ
һˣʱЦһŵƣΪһ۴Ϣ
֪ˣζ÷ô翿ħˣϾ񷽴ϵʵ̫شۣȲˡ
ڣģҲֻеȴˣ
뵽ħ֮ʱּҲò׼״̬ȴҲһ˿֮ģ绹ܴħ֮˳


 һ ӡһ
ڰ
ޱ޼ʵĺڰһи֪һõĶŹرյ˲·Ѿɢʣµֻǿ־
ħȻѾûʶǣǰȴһǽ֮ܳħģֶ֮ܵʴ֮£ĳǻԵġ
ŵ˵һǾǱĨȥ꣬Ľ֡

ΣյĴǿֲ֮ģûκԥһ³ϽʢȴӲԾɢаꡣ
ԣԭǵҾѧȻ̫ľܹӳȻҲˮǴߡħŸֻв㣬ǽǶħִĴڣȴȫѹƵĿˡ
νħ꣬ǿǷǶڷ˵ʵҲ֮µԹѣǰһ˵Ĺû̫Եҵľ壬ȫûκѹ
ȻʵϣûоԵİ˵ֻеؽˣ۷ǿֻ߽¶Ҳñħɵĸɸɾ
ϸĹ۲
־ԵĺڰʵֻΪħʴһִһѹס꣬㲻Ӱˡ
вһС͵ļ̳ɢİɫâΧħɫԵӳ֮£ܹӰӣֻǼ̳ΧħŨ̶ȴԶҪλø̫߳ࡣ
ϸ۲ܷ֣Сͼ̳ΪģΧħķֲԼαݼġ
վſڵλãԾԵܹѹЩħʴǼǰУ¾ǾҲδܹסˡ
νһħһɣʵ˶ѡ
Ƭ̣ȴҲδǰУԭ
̿վç򣬳ֽı󶯣ɲǲܲ˾ȥƴ
֮ǰҴΪоԣȻ֪Ǽ̳򣬿²ƾԾѹƵģôٲܲ˵Ӳͷˡ
£ֻ·ѾȥˣƼޣȻˣΣȴô򵥡
ֻ˴Ƽʱǵʵȴ֪˶ĲǴ
ͺñȣС˵У²һ̵ؼνԵ
ǣԿû¾ԼðˤΣȥؼɣ
ֻǣڷٵȴǲͬġ
У벻ϴƼޣԼΪԷ޷׽Ƶıпƾֶ
򣬼ǶһӣǵĿ£һӣҲӲѱƳΪܣĽ֡
ǴˣԷ־֮·Ҳδػѡƴȥˡ
˿̣ڷ˵ʵ֮·Ҳû̫ȻֻҪͷܰȻ˳ħʵϣڷ˵ȴʲô·
һˣ򲽲ˣֱ޿ˡ
ת䣬ʱû˿ԥǴ̤
Բϴӿ³ԲٶȣǼ̳ķƽ
߲ӵѹзɿܣĲ˵ھԵĿǷɿ
֮д־壬ִ־£˵Ǳܹõͷš
Ǳ
ʵϣ־츳ġ
츳ƽӹˣ־ټᶨѹ֮Ҳʲôͻƣ츳ȻٺãǳܲסѹҲȻ侲ͻơ
ڷ˵ȴʲô⡣
ܹͷΪǧһţ츳ֻñ̬ݡ
Ӱɢ˵ɢ֣νǿɢֵӰɢԼҲ˵ʽԲ֮ǰܹƿصģܡ
ǣأ
׵ʱ򣬾ѧǰʽ츳Ѿˡ
ڷУͬڵؽ֮ʱܹУֶΣңӼҲҪΪ֮̾
ԣǷһʱͷѧģֻһֱû̫оӳҪģǱʵľΪ
ΪɽӣľΪѾǿĿ£֮·ʮĹ¶֣ٴ
־ʯͬʱ̤˷羳ڶأĻȥݾԣȻҪɵĶˡ
һʱ֮䣬ȴǽ񶼳˶ھԵ֮УžԵͷŷʽǷżܹһǰڱħʴ
˿̣̳ʮľ롭
ҲͬʱѾƵĲòʱͣ˽Ų룬ְܹȫļޣǰߣ·ʱҪ˻¶ˣ


 һ ӡ
ͷ˵Կа飬񣬿ǣӡʲô̯꿴˳ü˵ѵһƣܰ˼סɣ
ž
ְһ̣㬵ı죬һһ۵ļģӡ
Сӣ㶮ʲôΪӡǾͨ˵ĸУֻӡˣݺ£ΪǵĻСӣһСָܰ˷ۣûĽ͵
ӣһǲԸҪŹֵӡͷʼ
ôϻ
һ˸ɴĸϻˡ
ι˵ͷ⣬㲻ҲɣתתͻȻЦĿʵѹں˵в
Σµ̣ٴν䵽ϣش
һ仰ȴǶʱ˸ûܷӦҪ֪Ҳһ˵ֻҪ˽ѣȴû뵽ġ
ӡڵľѧһλڸɮ۷֪ȻƲ϶֡˵Ҳڣݵ·𲻹һѰһ㡣
Ȼȴ֪ν۷ɾԲ˸߲ҵǺŲ죬ʵʵĶֽ档ӡرս֮ѧģ˵ʵ΢Ȼ˸š
ֻǣܹӣȵһսӡȻ˸𶯲ǡ
ȵȣͷ㶼ĶѧĿɿڴĿˣȴǲû
ѧǶһָܳôҲ⣬ڷʵ
Ǽһ۷˭ӮˣС˳ģȻͱƹȥĵ׷ʵ
ˣȻ㲻ѧӡǡҡҡͷҲ⣬ӡҲʱ⣬ȻСӲѧҲˡ
#@
⣬ȴǲûһѪԼСðѧˣΪľӡԼǶڵûϴԳˡ

ӡ
Ȼ֣жʱһ
ͷʱȻûȥЩӡȴվЩӡġϾͷ֮£첻ǣԷ츳ѾԼסӡˡ
΢΢۾ӡͷʱ龰ɿ콫˼·˳
˫΢ϣָɿ㶯գ֮䣬Ȼռеķʽ˵һӡ
٣
ͬʱ֮һӡɵ˲䣬ȳһ֣
ӡ
һ֮䣬ȴȻоһص˳ԼԼһ𵴴ӡ֮б˳
ˣ
һ˲䣬·֮ϽȻǣԵǳ
ֱ񣬷оӡǷ·һͨصֻҪͨӡԵͷų
һ򵥵Ӱɣ֮ǰûӡʱ򣬾ͺһŽһ֣ỵ́Ȼɱȴʵ޵ĺܡ
ǣӡ·Ȼ˦Ժı֣ٴιһ㣬Ȼͬʱ
Ȼһϲʱ˿ԥžһ̤Ųӡͬʱһʮ
Χħ꣬ڲӡ£֮µıѩһ㣬ڣٹʲôв

ָãӡٴαóɴӡ
һ˲䣬˫ΧħѾʼ˶ܣٲҳŷ˻
û˿ԥ²ûƬͣͣǰ
ʨӡʨӡ⸿ӡڸӡȭӡӡƿӡ
ָٱ֮䣬ȴһӡŴƿӡ֮ʱ̳Ѿֻʣ²ʮ֮ң
ӿ³һʱоΪ֮һᣬһӡĴȴѾӡˡ
ȻȻЩۣҲͷ˵νڸɮȣԷ⣬֮ħŸֶԵУҲܹͬӳ׵ˡ
ʣµʮ룬ʵҲѾȫûʲôѶȣƿӡٷ̫ྫߵ̳Աߡ
ֻǣ˲䣬ȴȻһǿҵľףһڴ̿͵ֱ޷
ǰļ̳ȴȻ˼£űƿӡ£ֻ䵽˵۽֮ϣٴͷŶ


 һ Сħ

ɭЦͻȻӼ̳֮գ֮䣬ģİɫѪӰɿڼ̳֮۳ΣҸ߶ȵѪӰͷǣѪɫ˫Ķħ̬
ؽףȻֻеؽ׵ʵ࣬ʲô˿
Ưڼ̳ϷСħһŹֵЦ֮гջ
ǮŮǳޣ׳꣬ҿԸ޷һе
Сħ˷ܵĻų򣬿ÿһֶջضֲϢһĪθС
ȻϢɣЩҲκá
ۿСħֽڵ۽֮ϣȴû˿ı仯ʣµֻǼ벻м
ˣ
Ѫɫ˫ҵĶ˲Ϣ̹֮ǵϮ˵ѪҺҪ
ȻֺȻڤףܸܵķڣ㲻ͷЩôɿųСħϵϢٴضǿ

ÿ˵ңԽǴʵǿеԽǿ󣬶ơ
һСħ˵ͬŷڵԶȴ˸ΪǿҵĶࡣ
׷ɣ׷վ۷׷ع˼
ЩңԶʲô׷ǮŮΪǿҵĶࡣ
ǳǿҵֻСħȻ֮³׳ˣǶڷ˵ܵӰȴʵڲ
ľͬ
ҽҪ㹻ķ⣬νʵľΪѡ
˵еǻһ򵥵ġ
ǹ֧ھӵûκ⣬䵽ͨ˵Уͻвٵ鷳ˣ䵽ʮСУֻ¾Ҫˡ
˶УͬҲп
ڽϿŮ˿ܶһ£ǣܲþͻ˹ȥ˼ҰXXOOɣ
СħĴڣ͸Ȼĵǣ˳֮У׷˵Ŀ
ֻǣķոӡаľΪǿĿ£ȻϢͲԶҡ־ᣬʹ˳֮ˡ

û˿ԥգ֮䣬㶯۽˲Ϣʣȫû˿֣ת֮䣬콣ˮкأӾֱй£
࣬
һ˲䣬СħɫȻ䣬ļţֲϢɼαеħСħɿ·۵һγһ޴ĺɫУ飡
֮䣬СħӰ·Ȼޱȸߴ͸һ޿ƥеϣִͬڤһ㡣
һ̣ǷҲƵĲһֿ־УҪӵеĽͷܣ߹³
һĪ㷴֮ġ
˵˿СħɢϢ֮ϡ
ۣ
һڽҧ飬Ǿʹٴνȶֽ᲻ӡֻնĵ۽ȴȫû˿ͣ͡
޻ڣ
˵ƣ֮УǶڷ˵⼸޿ɵ淴
һĴ̿ͣ˼Ӧǿġ
СħֿʼоѾתͷ˸ݡ
Ȼʣô㣬ڷУСħֿ۵Ĵڡ
۵ӣͲһĴƤ£Ϲɱħ֮С
֮˯
ߣӷֿʼСħֻøȻֶҡ־ȴʼղδ֡
ֿ۵Ĵڣˆ£Ҫȡ꣬Ҳǵָ֮ѡ
οԼѾ֣СħȴȻƣɫвֱӳ֣ⱾǼ
ЦִڣԸһֻеؽ׵ļһҪƣǲǴЦô
ԣһеĽͶֻһǾǣ⿴ǿСħͽǾûֲֿʵġ
Ȼֵ£ҲֻзֶĴܱ̿ͣ˵侲ȥˣˣɵˣĿܻӳĹ
ȻˣĻʲôģֱӾ򵥣ֱķʽΪ
ʮľ룬˲Ϣ֮ѣ
ͨƴ֮£ϢҲԽοǷˣԾӡΧħκвֳֵ۽գ֮䣬Ӳһ£СħӰնΪΣ


 һ ӡ
һϣ
ŻҫСħڵ۽Ĺ֮£ȴ㷴ûУ˲䱻նɱ
ü֮û˿֮ɫ·һжӦһ㣬Թһ˿Ц
ֻ粻ǣ㵽ڣԼǷݾҵΣҲȻûɢԽŨ
࣬ô͸ҶҶ֣
Ƭ֮䣬ոձնɱСħȴϢ֮壬ƺȫûܵ˺һŭĳŷмգȴ޷ֺη塣
ͫȻһĿٴ䵽Сħϣδ𻰣ֻһΰеĵ۽
ȻɱһΣȻɱԷڶΣΣ˶η塣
࣬ڵģڤĶħˡ
ȶųСħͷϵĽ͸һ˿ɫĹ⻪·Ҫֻ۾ͷˡ
꣡
û˿ķϻĻش򵥸ɴࡪն
纣۽֮Ͻʢ֮䣬ȴӲСħ飬˵Ǹѹû¡
ٴθԭСħܻȻ仰˵꣬ӭıǵµĵ۽
һΣΡʮΣ
ûƬ̵ԥȴϢ֮䣬һ֮նɱʮΡ
ֱ˿̣Сħɫû֮ǰſɫ֮Լ͸ֻңȻ˿һЩצĳŷ
㣬Ҫͷô
ŵ۽ƽĿڣüͷżֳŪȴǵĮ
࣬㾿ҪʲôɱٶΣҲ˺ҷֺݺݵĵŷ磬Сħצʡ
ˣ
תգ֮䣬һСħնɱŵڵȻ˺㣬磬Ҷɱκˡ
㣡¶һ˿ŭСħȴվЩ̣ħ˿̲ǻûӰΪܰΣ
ɱ޷Ӱָڵ۽֮ϻ粻Ļش
ôȷõСħЩᣬӶų򣬲в
ҲԿǴһ˿ʼ磬һ벻̬ЩԾԾԡ
Цʲôǵãѵغ㶨ɶ֪ô
ûʲôƾնģûӰȻҲҪķģСħǸûʲôΪʲôԭ񷢻ӲӦеϵն۳ӰȻ첻κ𺦡
СħֵԽǷ񣬾Խ˵η壬ǽһ̬ζѡȻЩȻǲ͵ġ
࣬Ӯˣ
ĬƬ̣Сħź޺޵ĺһ˵˵ɣҪΣ
Ҫħ֮û˿ڣԵ쳣̹ףֱСħ˵
ʲôЦһ˲䣬СħȴǶʱ֪ʲôʵôؽףĵؽףһؽ׵Сӣôӵħ֮ǰѽպϡ
⣬ȴǲȻһԼѽǵ۽СħĿУ˿ȴҲûʲôηġֻ¾Բ򵥡
ӱϿȴȻǸӣǺûκα仯
һؽ׵ˣߵô

򵥵һ仰ȴǶʱСħҭ˸ǰʲôЦһؽ׵ˣħĴŶƿ˵һ·ߵˡ
ʵϣ֮ǰͷųľѹȻ֮Ȼ۷ǿҲ֮ƫƫǰһȻôԵؽ׵ʵˣھȻΪвԼֱ˼顣
ǡǾҲа
һ˲䣬СħȴǲץˣݺݵĵŷСӣҳ⣬ǣҲħ֮ģ֪࣬ħ֮ʲô𣿡
Сӣ࣬ƺѾЩˣɼСħ˿ֱ̼ѾŪЩץˡ
Ϲɱǿ֮أЩħľ۶ɡ
ƽĿСħĻ¸һ£ϸһӦӡ
ƨ
˲䣬СħʱǼƼֺ޲һצļһ
ʲôƨħۣЩҲ۳ħܻ֮ĵŷ磬Сħצӣڼ̳ĹӰ֮·裬ݺݵϹɱǿ֮ޣЩͲֻǱħҵʳǣħӡΪƾܹʸ̸һĴڣ
ЩСħǺŭȻڷ˵ȴһ󼫴ĳת֮䣬һʱ䣬ЩȻ
ۣͼıʲô


 һ ͬھ
ħ㵹Ǻôĵӣ
еĴѶգ֮䱻ķ飬۵ɫȴǶʱ࣬һʱ䣬ֱ޲һźá
źܣȴħʲôط֪֮
һǿס飬ȴվǲòȫħ
˲ȴǷǳСħжµģ񱻷ӡҲԲһؽ׵Сܹġ
öӹϵش»һ˿ϣҲԿܾܲȵĳ

ȻҲʸΪûȡħ֮ɫĿСħвŪŵ۽ʵ
㵱ôһСħɭȻֻħ֮˷ӡӲֽⲻӡѡ
ǺεʵȻǷǳģǵʵţȴⲻӡĶǺεýֺͷҲס
ȻСħĻǷţǾһˡ
ħ֮ʲôСħƬ̣ʵ
Цһ£Сħӱǿ͸һ˿ʵʸ֪Щֻܸ㣬ħ֮һؽ׵Сʸӵеġ
ħ֮ʲôϵ
Сħϣ粢δʲôֱ׳ôһ仰ңӷıϿȫʣ֮ӡ֤֮ѡ
һ˲䣬СħɫʱΪ֮һ䣬Ķס˷硣
ʵϣҲСħش𣬿飬бѾȻˣȻһЦ漴ڵˣħ֮֮飬ӵʶһħ֮ǹ治
⻰һСħʱɫ䣬Щˣǰеؽʵ࣬ԸͲħ֮ʲôҲܽӴǸ棬ǽƾôһƶϳԼħ֮飬ļƵ˺Ȼ
Сħ𺳣ʼֻǣһһ²㾿ʲôɱﵣܹҲв⿪ӡ
νҲⲻӡĻȴȫŵģȻСħħ֮飬ôȻӦа취⿪ӡŶԡ
ԼվܹвСħô۵ֶΣȻǣȴǣɰСħ˵ħ֮ӡħ֮УҲвСħͷеĹؽڣֵζˡ
㵹ǴûȻӡˣǰұƵҿֱħ֮Ա۸ұңҲ𡣡˵⣬СħȴǲԾ¶һ˿֮ɫ
Ȼ⻰Ҳһ˿ˮֶûУʵϣ۵ʵҲֵֻİܹɱۡ
ǣΣΪħ֮飬ֻҪԱħ֮ǻˣ۲Ҳˣͬʱ᳹׻ħֿ֮£ǾƲġ
ʶƾһֱвۡ
ЩڷһţԷȻͨЩȴǲ˼Ц⡣
ƽĿСħˣСħʵĶѾˣֻҪشǲԸ߾ˡ
⻰һСħȴǶʱĿɿڴû
һѵôԼո˵ѵѵΪƾؽ׵ʵܹӵħ֮
ȴǸ磬־һն䣬ٴνСħ飬˹ĿڵҲţ㲻ǣż
࣬ô
ٴ۳ΣСħЪ˹һ˲ħϷ˫ӰҲʱֲϢֱнһض׻ļơ
㲻֮ǰ˵ôҿгϴһ˿΢ЦȻشȻҲԵǷˣҲ⡣
Ѿ˵ĺȷˣǺںСħв¶˾Ҫħ֮㲻Ӧܼ򵥣Ҿôɱһ£һδնɱ۳Ӱ֪Э߸ɴͬھ
ðɣķʽȷ޳ܣȴò˵ӵеЧѵġ
СӣֻҪԸ⣬ܻ̾һأ⣬Ҳֻ·һǱȻ㾹Ȼвң
˹ĳٴνСħնɱ͸һ˿Į֮ɫɭȻв㲻ҪһôǾͻٵˣҲں
ûľͲںһأϹɱѣҪپͻٱ£ŰҲɵҲûʲô˵ġ
Сӣ֪˵ʲôٶ֣ҾԱͬھ


 һ ġ롰ӣ
Աͬھ
·˼裬Сħŭţ̳˺ݻһʱ䣬Ƭط·Ϊ֮һԲϾƵļơ
Ҳ᷽Σߵı仯ȴ˲Ͱסˣգ֮ɫ䣬Ļ˿ͣһ֮䣬ֱӶգֱʧϹɱ֮⡣
Цħ֮ͷųϢֱԻأ˵ˣ⣬Ҳ˱ᡣ
һ̣ȴûѪǱ߲Žȥãôôӣ
ǣ˵ЩǷģѵбʲô˽ħô
һ̣Ѿ޷ħ֮зˡ
ħͷųϢڲϵǿԼܹǰɫĹյĽϹɱ

꣡
Сħвȴ۾ûգһ̧ۣ־һն£·ѹûЩвһ㡣
㣡һ˲䣬ŷǸżּ벻мı飬СħȴǺ޲ðѷͷһ¶ȥҧгݵĵŷ磬Ϣʱ
ƫƫȴһ벻ӣĿڵ㲻ҪԱôͱɣҾһؽ׵СӣҲûʲô˵ģħ֮һ˵ȥҲͦġ

һ̣Сħڳ׷Ӧ˹һ˲û棬꣬˲ҪĶӰ
հǶǿߣΨһ飬ȻϧģϸСħܾʯ١
Ƿ粻һһ緽Լ˵һؽ׵Сӣʵһץһѣ˾ˣûʲô˵ġҪͬھðǾһ£˭᲻á
ķʽȻȴòϣʵ̫ЧˣֱֱӴСħѨϡ
Ϊħ֮飬ʵ̫ÿÿᵽƵ۲ò˱ᣬܵ⡣
ǱӡҲȻܹвǿߣ۵вԱˣȫûʲôԥġ
ǣ粻ͬ
ֻһؽ׵СӰħ֮ǵǿ߶ŵĶСħôҲħ֮飬ǺεݣǾôһؽ׵СͬھˣǲŵǱ
ҲϴѲˣĳ裡
ʲôЦͷһȥ֪Цأ
ͺñһĹˣֻʣһõ군
ʱһ൱вüͷգһµģ͸Էͬھˡ
ǣʱȴƫƫһµӣʲôǹ֪ǣ˼־һ꣬үһĻ۵ҪԹԹүϴţ
ðɣ󣬿˼ѹںҪ֣ðͶ£һͬھˡ
ı
һ˲䣬Сħ·ǸϴŵĹƵģ޵ĿҪˣȴƫƫöԷ취ûС
νŵĲ´Ьģ˼
Ǵһ˿Ц⣬ҲżôĿСħѡ
Ҳһȣв̫ˣǾǵıŶԷͬھˣ
ͺӱŹԴԱŹϴţҪǵһͱ˼ҹϴǽ;ǽȻͬˡ
˼ĹˣһЩ˵£У˼ұˣΪжٻܴһЩ룬ȵ˺ˣʱˣͷһӡ
ǣҪǱ˼ҸϴXXOOǾԽˣƴһ군˼Ҳɰ
ˣƵĿСħҲһֱӡȥɣ뿴ֻҪߣһ߾ܵ취⿪ӡġ
ƨΪ⿪ӡô׵ģ˷ۣСħֿҪˡ
о仰֪ûĪǴһ˿Ц⣬յˣȻֻеؽ׵ʵͬᣬӵ޵ĿܣֻҪԸңò˶ãҾ̤ף֮ϡ˭˵һͲأ
⻰һСħȴǶʱЩҡˣ
հСȻֻеؽ׵ʵļƣֶΣʵĵؽ׵˰ؽ׵粻֪ٴˣļһҪǺúָܳΪǿ߰Ǹʱӵħ֮Ҳ㲻˲ǣ
ðɣкööδ֪£ʵǳ֮ģǣǲûа취ô
Ǹոӵӣ
ͻȻ֣Ȼһ׵ģ˼ƫƫĳ־츳ˣָԹʲôҩֻҪúọ̃˵ͣԺܳΪǿߣ£
ٸ߹󻹲ǵüô޷ǾҸԺյģҸʵǿ˶ѣ
հӲ׼Ǽܲס˼Ǳðʮʮģ˵ͳһˣʱݾ㹫˰ɣ
Уǳˣȶ֣Թ˼СϱȻ£ҪͷҲһôҽֵϷġ
ǲҲǸôȻԵͷҸߵǣܲùھͱĸͬھ
ޡСӣݣ
˷ۣȨһ£СħվͬǱвĹһ㣬һ˿ϣӻĴԼ֮ˡ
İɣܲʧģЦһ£˵۽һֱŵǳ׷
ΣСħɱﵣСħȻˣдʲôͷǲΣˣԺ£Ҳֻһһˣ
ڣҪôħ֮˿̳ʼʵ
ûӶųСħڻ̾˿ҧָ⣬ѪȾ̳ȡħ֮
΢΢һ絹Ҳʹ죬ЦҡҡͷָһѪת֮Ѫ̳֮ϣŰ׹ⲻϵķ
ɫӵĿŷ磬СħٴοڵͲƭ㣿
ʲô¶зյģնðǻɴʵʵҸطͨ˺ˡȻһЦȫĿ˵
ʵϣҲȫûлɣֻǣȴҲη壬ܱСħƿӡҲ̫Цˡ
ãСӣұһΣſûǸҿ漣ĵ˵ͷСħצӶ̳֮϶ʱйŹֵķ֣գ֮䣬Ѫ֮ڿۡ
Ƭ֮䣬ƬϹɱ㲻Ϊ֮֮УħϷİɫӰɿķŴͬʱԼһͶħ֮УڷǰγһԾ޴Ĺ
ͬʱ۵ӰҲͬʱϹɱ֮⣬ȻĹһ˲䣬ɫȴǸ֮
٣һħ֮㾹ȻѡСô


 һ طӡ
ĬĬħķãվһգ֮䣬ʧ·ûһ㡣
ôþֶΣҲûСħȴû뵽羹ȻԵؽ׵ʵȻ͵õСħͬħָ֮оʵЩơ
ͬʱǰɫľ޴䵽˷ıϣͬһ㣬ĹӰӿ壡
ʮӣ֮ǻųɢȥԭļ̳Ҳ漴ѣ
ٴ۾ʱСħȻļͷһֻаƴСĴڣӶų򡭡
ħ֮ΧħȴǶʱɢĸɸɾ
͸ȴܹĸоħ֮Լ֮ϵ䣬ǰɫĹ΢΢һȻƿն
һȻħݶ͸ƾշ˿Уʣһϲ
Уһֱ˵롣
֮ͬǰƾͿշУƾħ֮ճΣ泩
΢ڿƶϤħܻ֮Щ裬Ƿȴ׵ĸоƾħ֮УǷٶȾȻԼʩչ־Ҫϼ֡
ҪǣһָоڿУԼȻʩչ־
΢־Ȼʩչգ֮䣬ʮ׵ľһμڿлһӰ·Խ˿ռѡ
ʵһЩͷֲ巽羿ٶ̫죬Ǵռ䣡
ٶȣ
񣬷鵽ʲôļ٣ŵ˵ٶȣ۷ǿߣҲδܱȵĹˡ
ֻһ̣ĸоԼħ֮ϵжϵƣ΢΢һһħݶͣ
ô΢΢ͷ翴żϵСħʵ
ûϵħ֮ͱӡӲٷ֮һΪħֻ֮ôһôмĺһСħں˵ħ֮ÿһֻά5ӵķУÿ࿪벻ƣȥ취⿪ӡˡ
ÿô΢Ƭ̣漴ҡҡͷҲãˡ
ڷ˵ħ֮ĴڣɾӼޱģƽʱῪһֱʣҪ׷ɱѶѾ㹻ˡ
һ£漴ʵ˵˵ɣҪ⿪ӡҪʲô
ΣȻħ֮䵽ԼУȻֻôһܡ
⣬СħһЩӡһΪأÿһ㣬ͻᷢһɱ䣬򵥵ģܴ򿪵һطӡܻõһ޷нļٶʮﵽܹƾٶȴԽյĳ̶ȣ
⻰һǷҲһ
ٶȴﵽµʱ򣬾ܹƾ˴ռ䣬һֺεȿֲٶȣǲƾռ䷨ĸ򣬶ԾԵٶȴռ䣡ǺεȵİԵҲŽֻǿһطӡѡ
·𿴳˷𺳣Сħ漴ЦȲҪ˵̫ˣǿһطӡҪ¼۷ǿҲδܹ
ֻҪܹ˵ܹа취ܹԺҲܰ쵽ġȴҲƽ˵
֮أбȡǵһСħں̬ȣڵ
΢΢һȴǶʱ˼ԭʣҪֻƺҲ㲻̫ΣգϾԷʵϺѾûʲôηˡ
ƺ˷˼СħЦΪܼ򵥣Ǳħ㣬ʵϫȥ
ᵽ⣬ȻǰԼϹɱַʱ򣬾ϫǽԲ֮ʱ˵ʱ򴳽ȥģ
ڣǲԲ֮ʱҲľδܹĹȥ
ңСħ⻰˼ҪѶҲԶֹˡ
˵֮䣬Ȼоһռ䲨ȴٴγڷǰ
ڣȻٶ˵ʲôСħֱͶ뷽ļ򣬻Ϊһħࡣ
ħ֮ŷ米󵭵ĹЩŵʵ𺳡
ǿǰɣֻǱӡģûʲôЧڡʼ磬һ䣬ħ֮ʱڣٿۼ
ȴܹĸоħ֮ǱԼڣˣСħڣ
ոνֻһʽζԼƿħ֮
ЩȻǲġ


 һһʮ Ѫ飡
ˡ
Цһ£еļ̾Ϣһڵ
㻹Ƿһ粢η壬˫Ĵ࣬ͷ΢΢
ȥ֮·ʱ˵֮ǵŷҪĴ𰸣ȻеĪ컯
̤֮·õħ֮컯ǿǵõˣȴȻûҵҪõĽ
΢΢һͣ𵱳Ļҡҡͷڵʵò𰸡
һ£˵ҪĴ𰸾֮У֪ԼٴλʱȻ֪֮ǰ뿪ˡ
֮䣬ȴĿϹɱ͸һĨѪɫȻ񻹺ܵȴѾ͸һļµϢ·ʱܵв
뿪ѪбѪɫֵữΪѪϹɱ֮Уڵʵ޷ֿ
ͬʱȻСħȻСħҲ̸ΣǷȴףϣСħƭԼ
ʮϢĿʱ䣬ʮϢ֮󣬾Ҳˣ
ⷽĻش𣬵ָ䣬ٴڿлһռѷ죬ŷƽڡ
Ȼƽȴɣв
ʮϢʱʵ̫ˣݲ˼߻߲ߣʮϢ֮䡣
Ŀһۣһ㣬ٴλûħ֮һ֮䣬һ磬գ֮䣬ȻУԴǿռѷ쵱УʧӰ١
ģ壬˵ѾСħѣûУҲɵȥ
û˵ռѷͨģҲûʣһûѡȨߣȥʵҲûκ塣
ռѷ˲䣬ĸܵǹɿֲĿռ˺Ƶ£ҲֿҪ˺ѵĸо
һ̣Сħٴγ˷ͷʲôħ֮΢΢һ񣬱ʱסΣ׾ٵĵֿΧĿռ˺ŷڿռѷ֮䴩
ȻЩ˵ʵҲϢ֮ѣ֮䣬Ȼ˲Ϣռѷ죬ճһСϿգħ֮ƽȵ䵽һݶ
ҹ䣬ΧһƬڣôĴŹ֣̾ͳΪ˹עĽ㡣
䣬ħ֮ٴڣ΢΢һԴȻһЩѣȴѾڻιȥˡ
þδֵ˼ˣȻ˼ϢΪһƴССħδŻصڣ˷ܵ˵
СħȻһ㣬ȻݶԾŽȥ
СħֻаƴСȻȻЩۣϢ֮󣬵Ҳ̫ţ˿ҲֻΪһĳ
ҹ䣬СʵûжˣСƺƽ߳ףܵΧв˽ҹɫǱС
Ƿ磬Ϣ֮󣬲ӣѹû˴
ȻЩУҲͲǵĴڡ
ɱǣɱ⣬ȫɱ⣡
վڷļϣСħ˷ܵߺȣѪɫĳ򲻶ȶ͸һ˿Ѫ֮ɫ
΢΢üȻңͲҪܰڳһħ̬ԩ޳𣬺αɱ¾֮£
Сӣ㲻ɱ¾ѪǺεȵĳôοΪħ֮ʲôɱ¾֮ڷļͷԾСħں˵
΢΢һȴҲԼЩף⻰Ҳԡ
ûȷ˵СħˣСӣ㲻Ҫ⿪ӡô֮⣬㻹ռ㹻֮ܿӡɱ¾ɣʮ۳һѪ飬ʮöѪܹһطӡ
⣬Ȼһͣ漴ҡͷʮ飬Ӧûбİ취Ѫɣ
ûУ᷽磬Сħһҧ·ɶ
һ˿Ц绺˵Ѫ飬֮ѣͨ꼴ٶ࣬Ҳǿ߱⣬ɱ¾ףؽ׵ǿߣӦúܿҲʹ֮ɣ
һеģ
ԱҴСħȴҲֻЦ㵹ĳãҵ㣬֮޷ڴڵģ󷨲۳ѪɱǾȥɱǿߺˣһ۷ǿߵ꣬Ҳ۳һöѪˡ
նɱ۷ǿߣ
ǷҲΪ֮һͣҲǵؽ׵ʵҪնɱ۷ǿߣֱͬ


 һһʮһ а
ϴ
ټլӵУѾվˣֻһɫȴȫǳ
Ա⣬˵Ļ綼Ѿ˵ˣǸ仰ɣˣǽǲ
Ϊ׵һʮɮˣֻȴһɫɮۣ͸һа
ƨԲ˭ֻ֪ԱаŮʲôʱֵвңԱɫʱһ䣬ֵһһģǱĲᡣ
Ա⣬Ҳ֪ۿɲвСҷãС׸ҷĸ׵ģɲҪ󡣡ɭȻĿ⻺䵽ԱϣΪɮ˶ʱЦһֿ˵
ޣʲôһ˴뱲ӣҲδ˵ҪͽʲôŮġһ̵µϣԱƿڴ
ҷҲвģüͷһɮ϶ʱ͸һĨֲɱ̤֮䣬ɼӿֳһӰɭֲ
ޣ˭֪𷨹㿴аϱߣᱻǿնɱԱȴȻ壬ڵĿ
٣ôĵӣΪҵĲɣƾ˶ҷ𲻾ڻڸҲˡһǺɮ˶ʱһ֣г֮Ȼ͸һ˿âҰѻ̵⣬СǴ߶ˡ
һؽ۷壬ҵҪûʸ񣡡¶һ˿⣬Աⲻмļ
ԱȻС֮ϣʵȴҲŵؽ۷ʵˣƽҲ˵޼ɵˡ
ʵͷǺɮҲǵؽ۷ʵҪֶΣֻǺɮ˻δԱĶ֡
еɫЦһɮ漴ڵϧڤ粻Ĵȴվҷ
¶һ˿м֮ɫɮһ̤Ȼǣɫ𣬽˰С
һ䣬ɮȻһȭֲа֮᳹磡
գ
ܵǹɿֲѹԱڲ˿ԥһƿնֱָɮˣϴ񲻿ɵ
꣡
һ£޿ɵֵǺɮǰӿĺɫҲ˲䱻һնΡ
Ŀվȹһ˵ѾԱһǿˡ
⣬ĵ⣬Ƿݴݿ޻ڵնգ
ۣ
Ѿȫ֣һȴվЩɮ˵ϣȫû˿ֿأһ֮£ؿڶʱնһĿӣѪ죬˼θ
аɮĪǵΪκε˱Աⲻɣ
һ֣ԱЦֳֳңָɮˣǵĵ⡣
ƺһǺɮ͸һ˿⣬ȴǸûд𻰣˫ֺʮһλɬĴӿ³Ǻɮ϶ʱһصа֣ԭն˿ڸۿɼٶϣ
̶Ϣʱ䣬˿ھȻѾԭϵҲ֮ɱ
ޱߣ
иһţǺɮȴȻһɿֲаûһɫ֮ӰݺݵѹԱ⣡
ȻҲֻеؽ۷ʵǽķӰɮ˱ʵȴǿߵҪǣǺɫķӰ·κιһ㣬׾ٵı㽫ԱնĵâӰ١
һ֮£Աĵ⣬Ȼʵķ飬⻹ǿֲĺɫͬʱԱ˽ȥ·Ҫ֮֮һ㣬һʱ֮䣬ֻԱ˻֮ȴվ޷ǺɫĽ
ҪҸߣſҵ
˲䣬һµŮʱд룬źſҵʲôԴӦǣ
ںڣϧˣȻҷãĿС㣬Ǻɮ˴Цż
ҧ촽ǺŮһ˿Ȼ֮ɫִԱ߻жһѳֱӼڲȻ巢֮ĸȻҪҸ׵ұһᣡ
˵֮䣬΢΢ȴȻڲϴһ˿ѪֻۣҪٶüնӵĴ
˵ľȻȴǶʱǺɮһ
ȻֻһŮԱŮȴǡǵʱаãˣʱڸҵһʵѡˣ
һȣ
СԾ̬ǺɮվǻòˣС㣬ϳҷҿˡ㸸׵
һɮͬʱͷųһ˿Ȼ֮⣬ͬʱ΢ɿһЩԱ


 һһʮ Ӳƴޣªϰ
Ƿ
Ĵ˸Ƿ˫ֱǰȻ߽һͣü֮¶һĨа֮⣬һһ䣬·͸һа⡣
ʲôˣ
ڳҲͨˣڼǡֻ֣ô߳Ȼַмܲ
ˣĿ漴䵽Сϣô

⻰һ˶ǲһ㶣ʱԼĶǲǳ⣬⻰ʵҲ̫û˰ɣ
үҶˣȥүŪۿС㻹ûӦ粻͵Ļ˻֣б۾ٴηԸ
ǺˣҷȱԶɱȥ
ֳֳΪ׵ĺɮ˲вֻڷĥϢҲû̾Ͷ֡
û˵ô˷ۣ絭ʵ
ʲô⻰һǺɮȴǰ춼ûӦʶĪ׷ʵ
˵Ҷˣмĺһѹûдһ˿͵Ļ֣ͬϲӬһ㡣
򵥵һ仰ȴǶʱǺɮ˲ûһѪжʱɱ
αظϻɱ˾ǡ
оǺɮ˵ŭʱɮ˿ڵС㣬ϽߣĪҪ֪֮գ˺
⻰ɾͳвζɮ˵Ŀ˵νݶ
ʵϣ⻰һСҲʱԥȻӣƺģǣһ֪ԷĵϸߣԷҲǶʮͷͣЩа̵ˣʲô취أ
ֻҪЩа̵ɮߣʹѣǷǿ±֮ˡ
ͷŸո𣬸ûӦֻļȻ͸һĨѪɫ

ԭվڷϵСħХһĨѪӰǼɮ˸Ļᶼûбʱĵڵϣֱӱһա
СħǺεʵȻ񱻷ӡţӲʲôǶԸôؽ׶ûļһǻ̧̧צӵ¡
Ҫ֪ħǷ磬ӡҲӲѱĨȥ³Щаɮܹ뷽ˡ
һĻȴǶʱ㽫סˣԱһԼһ˿ѪСħҲһ󷢺ʶı˿˼
¾Ǻˣ
ΪǺɮɫȻ䣬ŷ磬һ޵ķӰ̤ȫСħ
ֻǷȴѹǺɮˣֻЦתС˵Ҷˣô
Ȼɱ˼ɮˣǷ˵̬ȿҲ㲻ƣĻһʱŵСһ£ٲ҆£ʶĴӦűתȥ
ǺɮˣǼҪըˣʲôѹģĪǰԼصķô
ŮŮҪ׸ҷļƷ˭ҷؽ֣ʱڿɾˡĶŷ磬Ǻɮ˳ڵ
𣿡΢̧ͷ粻мĺһķ𣬸үиƨĹϵ

̫ˣоֱǳĴ
Ǻɮһڣʱɱٲϻ־һն¡
ô˵ҲĿͽ֮䣬Ѿ赽еķȻûʲôЭˡ
Ҳʵ˵ɮ˿ǾԲŭ֣ȫû˿УɫӵӰͬصһ㣬ݺŷһն¡
ɫĳһĨīĵ⣬ֻ֮͸һɫأ
ǸոնԱ֣֮۵аϢҲԶûһֲģصϢ񣬷·Ҫ׽˵־ɽȥһ㡣
ǻˣ˵ǵؽʵˣǿߣһҲ˵ʱ˵Ľ֡
ֻǣЩڷ˵ȴֱСƣ
΢󲻶ӡһ᳹׾ٱ㽫绤סȫаӰ졣
üͷ΢Ҳûд˼һֱ̽һĳ
ֻ
Ӱɢ˵ľѧǺεȵĿ£Ϊʽ֮һбѾһĳǿҲСӦ˵ֻеؽ۷ʵаɮˡ
һ£Х֮䣬ȴһѱ㽫аɮץס֮㽫նµĳץ飬ǺҲһ飬ٲ˿Ӱ
ۣ
һѪǺɮ˷ǿûбץȥֻһ֮䣬ȴѾ˼صˣе־ˡ
һ
һȴҲȫû׷˼ɭȻǸؽ׶ѣʵǿȥģҲҽ֣
⻰һʱ㽫Ǻɮһ㶷־ķ飡
ʵϣԭͲֻǵؽ׵ʵѣֻǼа̣а֮Уƾаǿ˵ؽ۷壡Ҫʵʵһĵؽ۷嶼磬ֻƾ費֪νаϢܹԱƵؽ۷֣
ǣһ뷽ǿ߽֣Ǳʱԭα¶ˣ
ϾΪаϢڷ˵ѹûκЧƾϢսǲֵһᡣ
ʵϣǷûɱģһ־ѾԽ֮նɱˡ
ǸˣСɮǶ֣һǺɮ˻˻żڵֻǣСҪ׸ҷģζʧǳǿ£Ȼ˳棬ʱٺڿҲˡ
ȻʵԶ緽磬ȴҲη壬¸ͲʧڽУʵҲһСͷĿֻҪȥȻĻʹ档
üͷ΢ȴǲһ˿棡
˿νаȴǱԼĸΪӰνаô£
תЩͷҲգ۵ѡϣȻǲ¶˿ġ
үҪ£ֲ졣˷ۣȻʮϢʱ䣬ǻǾȫ°ɣ
Щ˶׵ʵڷ˵ɱֵ̧̧֮£ǣȴδֱɱЩˡ
νа飬Ѿ˷Ȥ̽ܰģ
Сӣˣа̣Ҳ۷ǿټֶΣʵֲʲôˡ
һ۾Ϳ˷˼СħȴǶʱĵ
ΪƲƲ죬ǲһ˿⣬㲻˵ֻ۷ǿ߲Ѫôѵô
ʵԼȻ۷ǿߵĶ֣˭˵ֻʵܾһУ
һ̿˵Խɱˣ㲻ʲô¡
Ӳƴޣªϰ


 һһʮ аˣһ
źɮ˴˳լӣԱȻһɣæǰŷ繪һлԮ֮壬ĳʤм
ǿ˵ͷǴкֵľȥ
΢΢һԱ漴˷Ը죬Ըȥ˺ú׼ˣһҪõ⡣
ţµĲȻһ٣عͷϴЦڵô˵ô
⻰ô˵ģĳϼµǵȵģзԸԵΥ֪ΪŭԱЦѯʵ
ү˵˭Ҫ׼ķˣЦһȻڵĪǣү֧ʹô
⻰һԱʱɫ䣬һʱֱεƴˡ
òЩаɮԭΪһжˣȴ룬λȻҲˣǲǿڣ뻢Ѩ
ôüͷ΢΢һɹȻһЦ粻ļȻδ֣һв֮⣬ȴ˿Ĳ
ԷһƻаɮսڣԱȻŭȴҲ治̾͸緭
һſڵҾһǵ̬ȴʵĺýе֪ĳȻҸаɮƴȻͽ֮˵ġ
Ȼû˵ȴҲѾǳı̬ȣ
ңж٣ЮһֵҪҲƴһѣȻ㣬Ҳǲϧһġ
⻰һֵԱ⵹Ҳ˼ֺøУЩøȴǲ÷̬˿ıġ
ɨԱһۣʱԼ˵Юˣ٣үһ£ľҶˣҪҸ˳־ɲҪʲôر
һ£Ҳصʲôݣ붯֣ܰεǣүҵҲ뿴ҺΣ
Ȼ࣬ÿһз·͸һư֮⣬ѹûаԱȻǰѻˣҲô£ȫû˿ڵ˼
⣬ԱȴǲûѪ۸˰ǣƫƫ˼Ҿʸʵǣûа㷴ء
ܰԸΪի
˵֮䣬СȴǶʱ˽ڵȫûаǿҲԱӦ㾶ŷһԺܰȥ׼
Щ˼ˣĵͷȫûʲôǫõģ·һ㣬ҡڵıķԸ˸ϲ裬ϵġ
ľٶʵԱĲᣬֻ뵽Էǿֲʵȴֲòס⣬һ㡣
Ͼ񷽴̬ȻãҪȴҲô̡
Ϊ׼˱Ӧõģǻ˵ԱҲֵŮ¶һ¶գȴʵ̫Щˡ
ϧȴȫںġ
Сӣ㲻ķ˰ɣ۷ǿߣǿɲֱӡֻ͸깥ɱȵģ֮䣬عתĪӽˮ˰ɣСħȻЩ⣬ʵϣ֮ǰ֮˵Ҫ˷ͷԼָѪϴѪ顣
ȴ룬ȴȫƣֱӾһа̣ǼƣҪ۷ǿ߽һ㡣
ħ֮ʱѾʶ˷ĻֶΣСħҲһַ˵ͷ
ʽҲˣҲûʲô˵ĲǣЦЦڻش
ޣҲ̫ˣֻʱˣҲôǰɣǴȥ˵ħ֮ˣȻһ۷ǼֱԶϴˢĳ裡Сħյƿڴ·ͷѾˡ
ȻһЦȴҲɴƾνٻشˣȻĲˮһһڵƷ
ȻҲΪСħ뷽ʼնֻн̸򣬸ոЩǱԱֻ·ǵɡ
СħŪĵ޲һҧСӣʵϣûʵ壬ֽû磬ֻһҧڷ粱ˡ
˵֮䣬ܰȴҲѾ׼ˣһˣȻȲϴŪݻȴҲǾ£ɫζȫʳָ󶯡
ã
Խڷŵǰܰڵ
ãĵ˵ͷӣҲԳ
֪γƺۼ绹⣬ܰ̽ʵ
аˣ


 һһʮ аˣ
аˣ
Ƿ֮ǰѾõݣϾȻ粢֪ģɲ֤˼ҾͲְ֪
ŵ˵ݼֱͬһ㣬˺
˸ıò֮⣬õֶξǸıƽյϰߣһ˾޷֮ϵһ
չָ˵ģһȻѹӵģʫ˫ȻģȻ̸ȴаմϱߡ
ԣ֮󣬷ȴôһа˵λ»˵͸һŨŨаƶѱ棬ȴ뷽ϱߡ
Ȼ֮Ūôһ󣬺̶ܴҲСħЩϵϾôһĿͬѪƵļһôҲ֮ϵһȥ
ȻˣԾŪаݳҲ˵á
Ȼ֮⣬а£Ҳټֹ˼ɣ༸ѡ
Աܰ˵ݵĶλȴʵпԡ
һҪһµ֮У·˻ǵˣѣֳ̬ȶκα仯
ȻаȻǾԲ˸оġ
һ룡
ʢС뱻ԵһƬǽ壬ȴȫûаԥһ־ֱӽƵܰǰٴһ
ļƣҪܰѾʹȫްϧ֮⡣
Աⱻֱ۾ȴƫƫʼһֶҶ˵
ǹŹֵġȻȴҲʾûȥֻҪĵߣ뻹ܹܵġ
ܰһ벻ӣȫû˿Թԡ
ֱ˿̣úõĴһ£аɮҪߵŮ
һɫѣЩҹȣͷ̣ܶһЩȻԵ÷ǳüĿ㣬£ȻȲѩǰ֮ݣȴҲ̲ס֮̾⣬ĵȷȷŮˡ
ȻĴǲκģǣ䵽ܰԱǱаĿˣֱҪܰһ̵һ㡣
һ˲䣬ԱʱȻɫ䣬Ҫվƴ
ı仯Ȼ˲㱻оˣһЦϣȴǶʱһɭȻĿת۱䵽ԱϣôԱ⣬Ƕô
㣡Աȴ˶ҪըˣĻ쵰ô˼ҵŮŵļָ
ۿԱҪܰæһԱӣͬʱʢõķٴζ˵˷ǰá
ܰôһŽջĿ⣬˵ͷˣʲôط
Ӳʲôطǲ֪˵ΪΧҲһЩС䣡ܰ΢΢һ漴ϸĽ͵һֱߣԼвǧǻˡ
һĽͣ˵Ѿ㹻꾡ˣǶԷ˵ȴֱû˵
֪ǣһƬ򣬶ǾʲôеķΧ
ȴֱܲ˼ǲǱ򣬻Ͻɣ
΢һ£żڵŻǿƣôȴܴа̣
ᵽܰһ漴Ǵǹİɣȴǲͬǵģʮ֮ǰͳа̣˵ܴ̣ŷаϷǳƺƴ˵۷ǿߣаӳ֣ȻǹʦҲмּɵ
Ŷüͷһһ˿âʦΪͨ죬ѵʤʲôɣ
ǵǣֻǣԵɮ֮Įһֱûͳ̵ǿ֣߳ȻǹʦҲ޷ƸܴɵĴŷаȻ࣬Ҳֻǽϲһ飬ʦֻҪֵĲ̫֣ȻҲó֡
Į
֣ȴǲһЦʲô£һգ۾ͰԼӵĮˣ˵ؾ뱱ɾԶָԼ߻ȥ治֪Ҫˡ
˵ã½һǣ취ͨͻصǡ
ɲǿЩʱ
ָû棬ǲ¶һ˿⣬˼ҷʦȴûνа𣬿аǵүа
ƿ꣬ʱЦɫˣЩϢɡ
ԺܰΪʰ䡣
ˣһ֣͸һ˿аȻҿСķͺܺãұϢˣ
⻰һԱܰȴǲͬʱɫ䣬˵֮䣬Ա̲סֱӱһѳңָ磬̫


 һһʮ аˣ

ɾǳĽˣԱֵһһģȻҲߵ˼㣬ҲûǸĸġ
һһоܻаɮˣɱҲһ֮䣬̶ֳ£ȻѾǵܹͨĳġ
żͣȴǾԲ¶ġ
ϴһ˿аȣ촽һ֣̽磬ָ֮䣬һӰһѽԱסȻ˲Ϣֱ֮ӽϣֽ˹ûȿô£΢ֱ䵽ԱĲϡ
һжʵ̫ˣ쵽˸Ӧ
˵ԱʵǲӦô׾ͱסģؽ۷ʵվȴҲǰ衣
ֻǣĵףڷѾһֲսʤӡ
ʲôˣĶ̿ͣͬʵ£һܱ굽ӡοһѾƣˡ
ָû˿ԥҲȫû̫ļɣΨһҪľǿ죬쵽˼£˸ӦĿ죡
־˲Ϣչ˲䱬ٶȼǿҲԱ⣬ǼʩչҲˣԱѹûģʱͱֲٶסˣʶĲ˷籾ܾǿߵͷ
ʾһ£ǣеĿ־Ǿһ¡
һбƣԱȻһȴҲûʲôģڵӡУһסԭҲӦġ
ЩȴҲ谭ƿڴ
ͰɱˣӾǱɹҲҪҧһ
΢΢ѹԱĲϻһѪۡ粻̲ĿڵˣҲһԹ飬֮Ҳˣܷʲô
㣡⻰˵ȴǲûԱֱιȥֱܰһ˿ϣǳ
ȻôҾͳȫˡЦһ͸һĨɱΪаɮܹţұ첻ô
Ҫ˵֮䣬ܰȻקסӣͨһ͹˵ϣĹܰһԸӵԸ
ܰҪɫĿܰԱ
ܰȴǲᣬڷǰŹҵܰԸΪūΪ̷
Σν𶼲ֻһЦѡο⻹ҺϼΪЮ
ۣ
һѪԱɫǲЦȴҲѾӦˣ鵽ֵزҲͲܹˡ
һʱ䣬ȴĻ䣬һ˿֮ˣͷһš㾶ŵײȥ
ȻشƫƧǣȴҲݺһȴվԼļ˶סĴʱһ֮
ž
΢΢һֱ㽫Ա˳ȥһ˿⣬Ҳ˵ү֡
һȻΪһ⣬Ա֮ȥ
㲻úϱ׼̤ڽ£ԱֱңУܹ˱
ȥʰ䣬ѵҪ޲ɣ˷ۣһתܰ
ǡʶĴӦһܰȻӦ˹ѵ⻰˼ֻҪ˯Լķ䣬ַԼ
¶һ˿аܰ°ϣôĪ᲻õүɣ
ǣǣһ˲䣬ܰʱͨ죬ܾͬһ㣬գ۱˳˺üžδתԼķСܶȥ
ܰߣ粻Цģĺүȸţ򣬶Щаɮ룬ǴûȤ
⻰ԱǵĶ޷ǾһвҫǶڷ˵ʵȴǹҪȥġ
ЩаɮԷƱҪݵģȻߣôסͬʱ¶һЩаһ棬ͨЩ˵촫ȥݸԷһٵⱾǷҪЧ
ңЩҲԶԶǽ
ȻΪҵҲľûû˵ĸƴ¶һЩڷ簲ҲǱҪġ
Ǵһ˿аЦ⣬ĸ̤ܰĹ뷿
Ůҵķ䣬վ˲ͬģһӣᵽһ󵭵㣬ʲôѬ㣬Ůϵ㡣
Ӳ󣬵ȴõķǳģ͸һŮҵϸ壬˲һַǳʵĸо
ϰڵв豭ͷһСӣɸɾģȻǸոձܰʰˡ
ܰȥ׼һЩɾһ̷𴲡
Ĳ˵̬ϣܰǰڵļ͵ģ·ľͰԼһŮһ㣬СĽ̷ŷ硣
ȻһУ˵ҲֻΪ˻ȥѣΪ˱֤˲ºκҲǲںģο绰е˼ҲûҪӵ˼ȻԽĽˡ
ܰ뿪ܰĴһɵƣ벻ӿͷ
Щӣûһиģ˵񾭶£ֱ˿ǲɳ
ܹʱ䲻߲ݣմ֮ƣȴڻ޿Ƶӿͷ
Į˵һȫµĵطңٵսҲ򵥣һ˯֮󣬾Ļˡ
΢΢̾ϢһҡҡͷСħĆ£ֻһ˿־䣬ȴǳ˯˹ȥ

󻤷СɮܣʵǵаôһӣȫĶְ
һӻפߵܾݵ㣬Ǻɮæİ㱨ȥµĽ͵
һУüͷ΢΢󻤷ʵȷҷϢ֮󣬻һоɻ㣿
Ϊ󻤷ɮˣҲʮҵͣһɫɮۣһѪɫȣվǺɮ˵ǰȻֻǼ򵥵ʻȴ͸һɿֲϢ˴ĵһսС
󻤷СɮԾʵ
һɮæ¿ͷֻûзı֤ˡ
ȷԷֻжʮͣĬƬ̣󻤷ٴʵ
ǣаĺܣָֻǱ濴ȥҲ˵һ仰ɮȴû˵ԼҵĽҲǶʮôȴѾĮʮˣʼòû˿ı仯
а΢Ƭ̣󻤷ڻҡҡͷǱӦòǽЩĺá
˵ǣ
ʵģͲҪʣȥɣȲҪ֣˸Ұסκι˵Ϣұסһֶɫһ󻤷ʱǳ
ǣǣ
⻰һɮȻȻٲƬͣı˳ȥ
󻤷ӣˣܹˣܹӳһѾǽˡ


 һһʮ һһ
̧ͷһ۴⣬
ĴһǷȻ̸ܰ£ͬԼҵŮƵġ
첻ҳȥߡ
ֽ۽ڱϣ˵ߵԱҹɫȴҲģܰķͷŷ٣ȴҲмֳζ
⸱࣬ټϷ¶ǹа˵ûˣ˵濴ֻҲδظˡ
ͭգ˵ͷˣôŰɣߡ
ǲЩܰѾΪ׼ˡ
ãүҲİ˰֣ԹԵȥ˵ܰƺǾȫĿǷΧ֮ˡ
շķԸû˸ţֻܰͬŮߣһ·Χ
Ȼʵ˵ˣҲûʲôùģһСѣܳһĴ󻧣Ѿˡ
ϣµ˭ĴΧ΢üͷʵ
ص˵ڻĻʹŻصϣϣʲôҲ˵㡣û˿ԥܰϸĽ͵
Ȼʵϣ⣬ҲͬӵоԻȨĴڣ⻰ȻǲܰĿ˵ġ
Щ飬Ҳ뵽ͬơ
΢˵ͷ漴Աߵһҩȥ
Сŵ㣬ǸոժƲݣأǻǵĴ˵ҪģǼŵ㣬ŪϻʧҩԣҲ㲻𡣡ƹŵĶЩƣŹСĵָţȫȻûע⵽ǵĵ
ŶƲݣüͷ΢΢һ羶ߵǳǮִһƵжһϻִ򿪡
ʲôˣ˭ϻģϻǻƶʱһžҪ
ȴ룬ѹû˼չһһɴȻƳһӾͽֱȳʮȥʱˤ˸ͷѪ
һȴǶʱΧĻŵĲᣬ߰ɣǿɾԲͨˣǲҲǻڷԣĻٴ
ʮƲݣ˵㣬Ҳպϡ˵Ŀ⣬Ʋݿ˿ץǸϻ
С㣬ʲô˼
ۿųôӣƹȴǶʱɫ࣬һ۾Ϳվڷܰʵ
ôʣܰȴҲп˵ô㵽ͷȥˣǣƫƫڣû͡
ӲͷƤ˵ͷܰȻƲˣǱˣ㿪۾ǡ
ܰ⻰ƹʱΪ֮һͣ˵С㣬С϶ӣʵƲǻǵһλ˶µģС϶ʵڵﲻƲݵҲ֪ģͲȥС϶ǳﲻ𰡡
ҵȻ󣬵Ҫ˿ǻǵĹ壬ͬҲﲻȻҵң⻰ȴǷ˵ɵġ
ο⻰ԼҲЩѵ˼ȻҲͽϣǵ˻ǣҲ㲻ʲô˲͵ﻪǵĹ壬ֻҲҪġ
ƽգܰȻǲ˼ҵģֻȴǸ˲ð˵ǻǵĹˣǻʱֻҲȿվ
ʲôЦλֻʱѪ岽޶ûؿȥ
˵ƲҪˡ¶һ˿Ȼ֮⣬ܰڵ
ȻˣС϶㵣ЩϵһƲݳˡ΢΢һͣۼ̬ܰȼᶨƹȴվ̫ҵģЦһ
ν̧ˣŵֵ̬زƴҲôӦ˰ɣ
ϧȴȫûʲôϵҲȫû˭ӵȤֽһЩϻҲƣҡͷʵڶЩҲðˣЩƲݵүҶҪˡ
˵⻰ȫ˵ɫҡڵĽЩϻ£һͬװʲôƵﵽһһѾ
վסǵˣôأۿû˿̨׵˼ƹʱ̲ס˳ָŷϷѾˣȴǿǸ
⻰û˵ֻ꣬ĵһҲûôƹȴһƾͱȵ˵ϣҲ˼š
дһ˿аʱЦʲôҲָҵү
һ˲䣬ɱ磬һ仰֮䣬вðһɺ⣬û̱ǡ
ܰǱŵĻʧɫΨַһˣ㽫ɱʬҰ
Ϣŭݸ߹󣬺αظЩһʶ
ң˵ôܰԲȴûа˼ЦɭȻĿ⻺䵽ܰϣһ仰ͽܰе˵Ƕ˻ȥ
ֱ˿̣ܰŷӦ˼ĵףɲʲôС㣬һ΢Ůֳϣ˵ķݡ
һʱ䣬ܰʱŵɫҰףԲܰҲˡ
ʱʲô˵ܰȴȫ˲ˣֻϣа˲ҪǨŭҾͺá
һȴҲתƹүʲôТģ˸ү
ŵĲᣬƹȴԵŻǵĹ壬С϶ΪѵʵѾ˼ңǻǵĹүĶ
͸ƲݵүˣʶȤֻТүˣǾҵү͸һ˿â絭ڵ·ԭʲôֵһСһӦ
ƹԭ˵ʲôֻ۽ȴͻȻɨܰǲҰ׵ɫжʱһĻȷʵʱȫ˻ȥ
ֱһ̣ȻӦ˹ƺȫͬģλаĵˣɲʲôˣңӣСҲ쳣ηģɾ;Բܹˡ
˵ã˼ҿ»ûѻǵλʲô
ˣƲժģںеͷԹԵʵǲ֪ģΪҳһ㡣
ֻǣһƱİݶ˼ţƹĻҸܣʱʵʵĻشһƬĮиҩ˽ȥʱܲɵһЩҩǻĮʵΣյĽС϶û취ȥģֻΧεһ¡
΢˵ͷ絭˭ȥҩ
⡭΢΢ԥһ£ƹվû˵ѣˣһЩǵĹ塣
˼ǹһ˿Ц⣬Żͷһܰˣʹ·ɣȥλ


 һһʮ һ
ȥ
⻰ӷĿУ˵赭д·ǸͲһĴ·ߵİèҲûʲô
ȥǣԷԼ˵һʲô̬ȡ
̬ڷ˵Ȼǣ˵ĶУȴֱһ쫷ˡ
ǿϵ˵Ǽֱ죡
һ̣ƹǱŵĻðˣɱҲһֻϲ࣬ԲκΪԩ
һƲݣȴǻ벻νҩŵġ
ЩƲݣڷ˵㲻ʲô֮ƬҩĻĮ÷ȤҪ֪ͻֻҪܸ㵽ҩȻƳɵҩʵ
¹ʲôֶΣҪŪһЩҩֲǣο»죬ܵ³вǣ
ʲôˣ
֪֮䣬ܰ·֮£еλĸۡȻݸլȣﺮ׵ǣǾѾ˲ĺլˡ
ȻһЦĿĻүʲôˣҲֵĵܣ
µģңʵҲͬӵѹԵƣа˵ݳ֣Ȼ˿Ĺ˼ɣһ仰㶥˻ȥ
󵨣
ΪĻ˭ӣôǳ⣬Ļҵסлγĵݵָ򷽴硣
ʲôҲҶԵ񣿡
ۼԣܰڻ̲סվ˳ǳ
ôһȴǶʱͱ˳˲ʶҵС㣬ȴζ֪ġ
ܰ棬Ȼǲٰ׵ģȻԼҽܣʵϣԱȴһֱƽƽģСţҲ̫ڼӣҪ˵ˡ
ֻ뵽Ƕӵ̬ȣȴվЩյģСֹļ䣬ǷȻСĹͣСȻǲģСȥر
ǰųȥͨȻҪһģܵ˼ȥܽ
ֻǣȴԣһ粽㾶˴š
վסһɫһ䣬־ȥ磬ȴ룬ŸնȻоһɴϮһûգ۱㱻Ʒ˳ȥһ𻰶û˵
Ե̬䵽ܰУȴҲֻÿЦˣλɲܹȰĶġ
һ·ȥϵлֻЩҲʵѣ׶ܹĽŲ
ͷβûг֣ôȻĴ̤Ųͥ䣬ѾѹƵлַͷֱӱ
һֱڷܰѹûиоκεѹԽ˵𺳲Խǿ£ԱⱾǵؽǿߣܰȻֻʵȴԲֵܹزֶĿֱѾһַ˼ĳ̶ȣҲֻЩǿ߲ʵɣ
ʵϣǿȣķ磬ǿ޼
ڿƵֶεϣҪǿ֣ϾνʵǶھһӦöѣ˵ˣһľǿĿȻ͸ǿˡ
ʵֺαЩΪѣ
Ų֮䣬ȴڸ˳ڵ
Ŀ˳ķȥֻһ뷢΢Щ׵˻˳ȻѾЩ̬ʱǷȴȻٲȻһɳӡ
΢һ£λ¶һ˿Ц⣬ҲмɷҲǿ𡣡
⻰ǻһ˵ܱ̾ɹάǣӷĿ˵ȴʱһŨŨļ֮⡣
ɫ΢΢һһҸϣ֪ν£
Ȼôǲˬ񷽴ֳʵȴʵЩ׼ҲóȻ֮ΪС
ܼ򵥣˵иĮҩ־ȥռҩ֪ɷһЩЦĿȫû˿˼ӣĿڵ
νҩýֺͷҲͨɫܹ÷ǿ߿ŵģȻЩҩҩҲܹõԼöָܹˣ
ŵ˵ǳĴ٣һҪġ
ЦĮ˭ģǵģȥժȡǡȻû˵Ǿܾ֮ȴѾˡ
͸һ˿аĿڵԼȥժʵ̫鷳ˣͷҲһЩɡ
ָ絭Ҳ̰˰ɣ
ɣôĿƾһ仰ɵķݶЦһ£ɷݺݶŷ
ȻһЦ΢΢ҡͷˣ˵ǣɣʣµȫҡ
⻰һܰҲһЦ
ոΪҪɵʱѾЩˣȴ룬һſھҪ߳ɣֱ
Цְս֮ϣʱЦӲʹɣҿȻȥ˵ɡ
㣬ô˹°ͣЦеʵ
ô⣡
һȴҲͬ˺ˣһؽ׶ѣΪʲô˲õﲻɣ
Ҫ֪տǻĻǸڻߵˣ֮УҲδṳ̂׵ĴڣҪǿߣҲδֵʲô
ңȻһ˿Цݣգ֮䣬ȻһӰ־һĳ

ֱΪû˼Уһ֣һ֮ڣҪֳʤܵġ
ӰɢɢֵʽǺεȵĿֲ֮䣬ֻһգ֮䣬ĸ첲Ȼ֮ץУǿֲȻ³գ֮䣬ֻһĹ֮
յҸ첲ֹ㱻˳һ˲Ѫ죬ܹĿմѪɭȻ׹ǡ
͸һЩа֮⣬¶һ˿ħ΢ЦҸˣҪųɣɻô
Ȼһͷ֮ʹȫ亹˶ʼﻹҾܾҧ˵ͷ
һֱ߳ӽ߷ɳȥ֣㿴ͺˣΪʲôһҪҶأ˵ˣңǵһΣҲһΣ򡭡ұ֤Զ졣
вȻȻЦݣǶ˵ǱǶħ΢Ц£
ţǿǵؽ۷ĸְԱҲҪϼ֣ûĻǣа˵УȴǾȻһжû߳ȥǺεȿֲʵ
һʱ䣬ܰң֮£췽Աĳ֣Ǳʵ̫ˡ


 һһʮ Դ
꣡
ĸۡ뷽վ̲סЦ˳˫ֱ磬ʶżͷ
ΪηЦ
ðɣʵģȷЩȤζܰԭҲǲʵģֻǣ֮ǰĳʵֲ̫ˣ߳ҲЩ񿴵ĪķЦܹ£ֻҪˣܰġ
ȻһЦȴҲȫ⣬˵նƣ˰νаȴԿ־壬մȾѪɱ¾
˵⣬һ£ż˵˵ǰͣѪ뱩壿

⻰ܰһش𣬷Ҳδָش
Цܰļ漴ڵȤǣѪ뱩ˣȥƫƫа𣬶ҪԸа𣬹ȤʵȤ
ŷаЦݣܰȴǲһҲЩˡ
ǰһаļһȴƫƫҪЩаΪеģǱΪ顣ħĲǸɮǶħƺȷЩζɣ
ħûķһħһľ츣һǻһ
Ǹҩ̵ƹ񣬻Щֻһͷѣһ֮ڣ߷Щļ壬ѪֶΣǿÿ½󲿷ҩķݶ
ȻҲһתվѣʵϣҲͬⲻϽˡ
һ֮䣬а֮쳹ȻȴȻû㣬ö֮ɳܰйһΧļСȥ
̶̲µʱ䣬ٴλصҵʱѾ¢ΧʮӵҩӦ
ȻĶֻЩҩ
֮⣬а˷磬ǿΧЩ϶ƯŮŮ
һ£Ȼ㵱˶ʮ˳۵
ȻΪ˰쵽һ㣬ȴѪֱӻ˼ڷļ塣ھԵʵǰһеķֽģҲ޷γ˿в
ͬʱа˵ǳ״飬ȻΪ°ƯŮֱӳƺΪƼֱгԽЩаɮơ
Ƿ磬񷴶ʵֻҪû˷ʵʵĴ·һжδϡ
Ϣ˵ǱߵĹܻܲʰҲȫ⡣
ǣǸУ

󻤷ˡʵʵĽϵȥɮСĵĻش
ЩӣҲͣĸŷתƣÿһط
аˣ٣Цһ󻤷΢Ƭ̣¶һ˿ɱɭȻҵҪ˭ôĵӡ
֮䣬ֱߵĲ輸ʱΪۡ
֮ǰ֮νЩ˼ɣΪ˵Ϣʵ̫񷽴磬ɱԲǵġ
νĵ۽˵аǶȤ
ڵǸа˵£뷽ȫû˿ϵһȻû˿Ĺ˼ˡ
޷Ǿһؽ׵ļһѣȻЩֶΣΣ
⻰Ǻɮ˶ʱΪ֮һݣæӦ

¡¡
һ˲䣬׹·֮
һ̤֮䣬ңͷŲĲ񷣬͸һ˿峺ԣ
һְңӵ·˲˿ռһ㣬գ֮䣬յľױ·ʧȥĿһ㣬ɢȥ
ãңһ̤գ̾Ϣһһ֮䣬ٴ䵽ϣƺȻһڡ
֣Ҫһô
˵֮䣬֮ȻһӰת֮䣬Ȼ䵽ңӵߡ
ҡҡͷңʱ򣬲ԼҲò˶ˡ
ϲ֣ԣ϶ʱ¶һ˿ϲɫԵףص
ǴǰҲ⣬ֻ񣬼ʶ۵ֶΣΪ⻹ʲôֵҫôЩȻҡҡͷңҲ㣬߳ɰܹȻɹֻȴһָоƺһ㶫ҳ͸֮ǰԸ̤һ
ǿռ䷨򣿡΢΢һЩȷʵ
ǱԴ΢΢ҡͷң˵޷͵ǲò˵һԴһ򣬱ǹνٻҲûô¡
Դʣһȴǲ㶼ûӦͬΪ۷壬ȴҲѾң˵ĺˡ
ĲУĵһ˿ʧУԭңλѵĲѾֵزô
ָһ㣬֮ͻȻѿһӣֻңӵĿ£ȴȫû˿ʧĺۼ
ڿռĿѾԶһڿռ䷨ܹ󼰵ĸ߶ˡŵ˵ֿ֮ǰңͶӰһս֮ʱѾԶˡ
һҲ¶һ˿ŵɫôܣ̶̲µʱ䣬羹Ȼֱʵɱ䣬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ϲ֣һ򣬾һǧﰡ
Цҡҡͷң̾Ϣи뵱һսѣȻһսҰܵļңǲòϣȴΪҴһƬȫµأҾþ޷ͻƵƿ߽⡣
žƺֹһڣңӼ˵˵ҵǾãǻСӲһǧʦٲŬֻò˶ãҶδˡ
ᵽ磬΢ĬƬ̣վǿЦ
֮ǰݽƣնɱݸӰ٣ħųսǽħľŪ֮䣬ƵЩ
ǵ֮·ȥѶȫޡ
֮£˵ǷǣȥˣҲˣĲ˵ٺȫ﷽˼ʱʱעŷϢټϣϾңλѵĵӣɱȴѾɢȥˡ
ġЦһ£ε˵
ľӣ֮ҲϹɱǰεض𣬳Ϊһ֮ǡ˵ûı˭ţ
¶һ˿⣬ңӻ˵Сӣ츳ˣУƾֶǳΪԷӣճ
һ£ңӼ˵ҼȻʦΪڵ꣬ϹɱۣվҪսһµģȻܱ̣Ҳվڲ
⻰лǲһۣǸأΨһĴڰ
ǣۡ
ЩһҪֵļһҲøһѵĪΪңӺ۲ɣ
ңнӹƺһڣȻһЦ漴ڵôһʦĸ
̾ϢһȴҲٶԣתʧ֮䡣


 һһʮ ߹һ
̤̤
ССһԭƽױ飬֮£һеĵֿ·𶼻ᱻ̤Ϊۡ
ȻʵϣҲû˭ӡ
үǰˣа˵ʵվСǹǽһ˵ȻǧҲûðסͷܼģ껺ڵһᣬүسֻ֣Ҫϣǲ֪Ķǰǡ
İɣõģʲôаˣҲǸӣүβǽɢɢģһʶںİ˰֣Ӷе޵ˣȸҰ̤ƽ˵
ûү˵ô΢΢ͷϹܼһ˿ɫԸ

һΪ׵ӳ͵һ֣˲Ϣ֮䣬ͬʱ棬̤֮ͬ޹һ㣬ÿһ˵ĵס
̤ضʣһݿ࣡

ԱɫʱĲҰףдʣȴվǲȥǸھаˡ
䣡
ȫû˿ķϻգ֮䣬ǿȻֱӽԺǽײʮͬʱԺУ˸
ܻδչɭȻѪ֮УȴȻĵһɿ־֮УҸ˵
ҡվ鷿ſڣԱֵķԿƵĲǿӿ³֣ȴǲûιȥ
֮ǰѾ뵽ֳô󶯾Ʊػᾪǵļ壬ȴûϵһ˾ҡ
Ůʮ̤֮ףʵɲ⣬ǶǿߣӵҲΪ̶ûŮƣڻǴһƬأΪ֮ɫ
һĨɫһĳ֣һѹȸУ޿ӣ޿ɱܡ
߹һ㡣
Ӷŵޣү˲ӣеǳָ㽭ɽļơ
үһЦԱȴվǲòӭͷƤ
ҵļмĺһүڵ
ǣӲͷƤ˵ͷԱ⻹˵ʲôȴֱӱ㱻
үȫû˼ɭȻڵһȥû˵ʸ񡣡
ȻԱҲǵؽ۷ĸ֣ҵǰȴȫûκвԣΪΨһļ̳ˣүȷʸ
͵ЩϣֻԱȴվûеȥȻٱͷҲֻˡ
Щ˶Ǹаģ̯ȻҲʰ
ֻ뵽⣬Աȴ̲סһɬʲôʱԼȻѾװǻ쵰аˣ
аˣҽҵĶȴûô
Ա⣬ү漴ڼŴ֮£ΧУ·а˵治ҵŭһ㡣
Ƿ
˶Ϊа˻ᱩŭʱ򣬾ҵķȴͻȻһǷ򵥵һǷȴԶκáµĶࡣ
Ĵ
ĻϲΪѶԷƵĴĵʤϲ֮ʱȴͻȻ֣Էȴѹû㵱¡
־޴ֱܰ衣
һ˲䣬үʱķϣֱûѪ

һ嵶үҪǰֻǻδ㱻Ϲܼһס
үĪū֮ǰ˵Ļ
Աȫ£Ƕڷ磬պаˣϹܼȴǲ˿ġ
ЩӵõϢԷһֱǾ춯أǵؽ۷ĴڣҲһ֮ܡ
үȻҲ츳ǱʵҲ۷ѣǱԷץסᣬֻ£˲ͻᱻɱĴۿԳܲġ
ԣǱԷӣҲԼүðա
а˺ôļӣֻ֪ɸһսһ̤ϹܼȻǣԼ֮͸һ˿֮Ȼȴ״ڡ
ôЩ˼㻹ʸ񡣡ƿţ˫ֻǰһ̬ڶԣȴȻûнԷ
õ
ĿȻһ䣬Ϲܼһֻһɫսƾնһز硣
ôüͷ΢һ˿⣬ȴȻһ벻̬ʮУܳʮвܣ䡣
ʮУƺЩ̫񣬵ʵϣڷ˵ⶼѾǿ֮ı˵ˡ
ǵȫ֣۽֮£һ¾Ѿ㹻ˣ
ҵҪ˭߹


 һٶʮ ߹
ûаֵķϻµ˲䣬Ȼһ󲻶ڤӡȻһâ
٣
ӡ
ȻֻжԹó깥аֲɱˣʵϣԾӡ֮ȴҲѾͬԺˡ
ͻȻӿбһ٣֣һ˲䣬Ȼ֮䣬Χ˵жһ
ǿϹܼңҲΪ֮һ΢ʧ˲Ϣ
ʱ䲢Ƕڷ˵ȴѾ㹻ˡ
˲ϢĹ򣬷ӰȻϹܼҵߣһƷգ֮䣬Ӱɭɭ
ɭ󣡡
˼ɢ֣ʽÿһɿƾ춯ء
Ȼ籾û׵ʵȴѾܹдˣ֮䣬ѾѰǿ֮¡
ݸʱ򣬷ٽϧӵһսԴ˱Ƶİٲòͷܱѹơɴ˿ɼһߡ
ο֮·ľٴɱ䣬֪䣬ɢֵȴиǿ˼֡
ٽ֣ԷͷƾʽҲ֮ŶԲ·ˡ
һƻӳΧ˲Ϣûǧ󣬹Ӱɭɭͬɭ޵һ㣬ѱ٣ҲֻԻ˵ĸ֪ͬмΪµĹԣֱ͸꣡
ŵ˵ķһжԸؽ֮ˣһƲȥƾѾöԷܵشˡ
ȻϹܼ׸֣Ȼܴ˺ȴҲ֮æңѱˡ
ǧʵһƣͲֱܹĳˡ
ۣһƵɱԣҲһǿߵˮ׼Ҫ̺ĴȴԶѰܹˡ
԰ٵʵԷֱֻƾǿдݻٻϹܼҾ͸ֱܷˡ
ȻٲУҲݸͽ츳ֶζǾ԰μģսʶѰ׿Աġ
ϹܼȴȻͬʵϣ˵ǿߣǿ֮УײġԸ֮µˣȻǿߣǱȫһˡ
ȻףȴͷΪǧ겻ţһ·ɱ¾ͲܹԳȵĴڣʵһ֮ϡ
ݸһսֶսǿߵ֮ʢԶǿ֮¡
ȻϹܼȫ֪ЩģȻٽӣҲ뷽絥
ϹܼҷӦһƷ죬ֶ֮һƱȻĵϹܼҵı֮ϣ
䣡
ǿ˲䱬ּ޵ɱԶѰֿܹġ
һ֮䣬Ϲܼұ̲סһѪǰһڣֻʶˣȫû˿֮ˡ
Ȼڷ˵ЩȴҲԶԶǽ
û˿ԥӡǱãӡһԱ

ӡ;кǿĹˣǿϹܼܴ˲䣬ǿ˲֮ʱʧȥʶ˶ӰΪ֮΢΢һ͡
˲䣬ٴαãһʱһ֮һɿֲ˲Ϣ֮ȻԷץ˻ȵϹܼٴλָʶʱѾץ֮С
£һ£ؿλã
ۣ
һھѪϹܼһ·֮ɢһ㣬ȫĹͷգ֮۶߸̼λƾǿӲţֻһƾѾҪˡ
ֽͬߵķһ䵽棬ܲδɣȻʵϣȴҲѾ˼ˣ£˵ټ֣ǱѶѾһΪѵˡ
У
ӡڵĻʵϣ粻ǳжѣǾ򵥵УЧȴԵġ
һ״ڣڷУȻȫ֧ŲУսֱף
Ǵһ˿⵭νҲˣ߹һ㣡
߹
֮ǰҵү˼˵ôŹȥ˶ãֱӱԭͻء
ǳĴ۵˵һ̣үֱ޲һͷײصȥźá
˵ȴ˲ˣһڵĸʵ̱ʵϹܼң񣬲УϹܼұ㼸һףλе뷽Ŷԣ
һ˲䣬ĪĿ־㲻ͷŵүӣûڵϡ
ãֻܹ̾򵽵ϸͷˣвʲôϣʲôݶǷϻ
ʵϣʱ򣬲ֹүڳ˶סˣ˿ֲʵʸһˡ


 һٶʮһ Ϸô
ҪɱңҿٸһķݶֻҪ㲻ɱҡݲͣĴүϵĵˣĿ־Ѿα¡˵ˣҲһӵܶѡ
Ϸôү˫ָڱĿ⻺Ͷգڵ
ʲôһʱ䣬ڳûܷӦ⻰˵ʵЩ̫ͻأˣ˸ͷԡ
ôҪôǴһ˿絥ֻעǰϿյķλᣬȴ쳣
һаˣȻܿмһ
˲Ϣ֮䣬жʱһЦ֮˵֮䣬һµɮ˻ӿ˳
Գε˲䣬ɮ˵ıʱһֺɫΣһ˲䣬·ǧǻɮ˵ϸǸֳһ̲סҪȥ
־
򵥵İ˸֣ǻɮ˵Ŀ³ȴϷǰ˸֣ûһ־ľ󣬽´ͷո
ҷȱ
öĽͣǻɮ˫ֺʮĸֵʱ򣬻Χ˶ѾͬʱУ·գۼ㳹һ
ħȶųСħʱӷڷɳǻɮ˵Ȼֻǲȱħ̫ӣȴħ٣ϧˣ̶ֳȵħκβ̬
粢֪νħʲôһСħ˵û̶ֳȵħ޷Ӱ쵽־
һ˿âû˿ԥ̧űһָ̤ɿӡ
ٱ߽ǰ
ӡ
ûжһֵķϻһӡһ飬Խ³±ͬƽؾװ㣬ݺÿ˵ը죬֮£ʱڳ˴ȻĻþ֮о˹
ıȴǴǻɮ˵ϣһ˲ȴҲһ㶣Ŀ䵽˷ϡ
һʼڲ࣬ոǼʩչԵģֻ֮ǰǾӡֻϹܼҵ񣬲δ̫Ȼħײǿֲű˲һֲ
аţСӣ⾿Ǵѧģŷ磬Сħڻ̲סʵ
ħʱͼʶӡ񿴵ȻħܹƣԽĺ
Ϊħ֮꣬СħҲǼʶ㣬ʲôǿ߸˶ӡȴʵδţƫƫĳ档·аĿһ㡣
棬پǼ٣ȻԷŵԾӣȴŪȻİϷ̫һ̤ƽǻɮ˿ڵ
ν棿Ϊ٣¶һ˿Ц⣬ɮ˵ʡ
мҡҡͷڵûȤһףֻһ䣬Ϸɿô
ʵȻֻǵؽףǾȴԲǵؽܹģǱ֪ȫǿߣټСħһǵȴڣ򣬾ħľҪĸ֪Ҳ֮
ɮ˵ʵȻҲֻ׶ѣҪϹܼǿĶ࣬Ҫĸ֪ȴǳ˵Ρ
еɫ
΢΢һͣǻɮ漴ڵΪܴ󻤷㣡
ʲôܴ̣аа̶ѡνЦЦڵʲôûϵҪңȷ㸶Ǹۡ
⻰˵ĺʵϣҲûиǿ˼
һսֱ֮ӽϹܼҴУΪ壬оɻһǿߣЩˮݣҲѾ֤Լʵˡ
Ҫǣʼգûж
壡
ӷ𣬿ʩҷźܴⰡһȥһΣҷĽ̻Σ˿գ󻤷ֻҪʩܹҷƬ϶ʩΣ
ݣ
ýֺͷҲ֪νĳ޷Ǿνаչʾһ񼣣˵ʵԴˡ
Լȥˣֻ»ֵԼʵʵҲͰˣֻ¾ҪٵǼˡ
Ȼв֮⣬Ҳգν϶޷ǾǿĿͷ֧Ʊѡ
Щ˻ãǶԷ˵ȴֻһЦѡ
ֻһ䣬սǲս
ָ͸һĨɱ΢󳤽ʱܲųʣû˿ķϻ򵥣ֱӵıʡ


 һٶʮ ǴΣ
δʣг콣⣡
֮ǰ󻤷ûԼȻᱻ˱Ƶֽѵĵز
Էƺֻеؽ׵ʵ֮ǰ־ܻɱףҽֻУýֺͷҲ֪һʱȻѾõһĹȻǿҲ˵Ȼܹ¡
ǰڶԷУԼžĴܻӰ쵽̻ϵĲ֣ᵼԼĵλȡ
Ҫǣ󻤷˵аĴڣֵ£ģһܹ̻ķչмΪشӰ죬ңԼУƱؾͻĴԼһɵӡ
պܹԼϽ֮λջ󣬲ԥĸԭ
սǲս
սķ磬󻤷жʱ¶һ˿º͵Цݡ
֮ˣʤģʤΣΣ
ڲ࣬ҪԵүôôڷˣǴһ˿м
ǴΣŷ磬󻤷ͻȻڵ
ʲôģĿ󻤷üͷʵ
ܼ򵥣Ҳһ󷨣Ӵ˲پң֮ҽͽ˱ᡣɨһү󻤷˵ˣҿ㻪һҩķݶ
⻰ڣҲעˣ󻤷ݣҪ쵽ЩҲҪüģңһˣڽڵĵλҲзǳӰ졣
ĳӳֹǷ磬Χжһֱ̫ˣмְգ˭̵ס
Ҵȥأüͷʵ
Ҳܼ򵥣ҲҪ㸶κδֻۣҪϴҷ𡣡ȻһЦ󻤷ʱһȵ̬˵
ɣû󻤷˵ɴֱӴҵģҶԼʲôʲӷ𣬼ȲܺȾƳ⣬ֲŮˣǻſɻʲôζ
⻰󻤷ŭϲ˵·粻ֻҪ˵ˣǾһжǿԽˡ
һЦ󻤷漴ҡͷʩԲӣҽŷ֮˵֮ͬҲȫͬ
ͽֻҪһɵҷ͸⣬ҡҡͷ󻤷ָԱ֮ŮҪ׼ҷļƷҷ»ϲŮһ֮˵
תת漴Ʋа𣬲ǺܺϵүҵȤ
ָڼϵ˵㣬ٴʵҼʲộܸʲôô
϶ĽҪʲôԣͬʱܵõҽ̲ķ𹦣ҷӻĵرȡ֮֮ߣ̤ף¶һ˿Ц⣬󻤷ݿڣһŴôǶʱһ쳣ĸоơ
ֻҪҷҪһУԵõ
ȻЩĶˣͷ΢΢Ƭ̣漴̧ͷЦ˵ĵǺҲʤ˵
˫ָڱ󣬷Ȼڵ㲻ҪôͿʼɣǵסүʲô̻Ҳûʲô˵ġ
΢΢һЦҡҡͷ󻤷ҲãȻˣһǡ
ڷ̬ȣҲûʲôġ
ͣӵȿֲʵֶΣ˵ûмְ⣬ǲǺҪ۷ǾԲܵġ
˵Ҳ㲻ʲô⡣
ܴģֻشȻ۷ǿ߽ȥҲû˵ôһֻеؽʵˡ
ʵϣԼǽֻشֻҲʹ
ˣ֮ǰҲôŵĶעˡ
֮ǰ·粻Ӧֱӳ֣άֻ֮ҪӦǾ̫ˡ
΢΢ף󻤷漴ڵȻˣұΪޣ֮󣬴ǿʼתֻҪ򣬱󷨣Σ
Ŷ΢ЩȻ漴üˣ˶Ҫ᣿
ʩԲӣЦҡͷ󻤷漴˵ҷȱɱһתһжһ˺κˡ
⻰˵ȴֵЩˡ
һΣô仰˵νĴֻþйصģܹʵΪ飬ǷתΪʵǵֶΣֱš
𺳣ֻǳƬ̣ȴվǵͷӦ鵽ֵزΣҲôһҲַͨʽа༸˽⡣
˵ʧܣȴǸû֮·ˣνʲô


 һٶʮ ֻ
ν󷨣ɾͲǵƾһܹõˡ
󻤷Ҳ㶯Ա˽ˣƣ
Դ˷ʼţʵϣ󻤷뿪֮󣬷û뿪ңڶԷôȫȻ·ʲô¶ûзһ㡣
Щ㷲󻤷֮ĶԻҲͬȻνֻشʲôǣǿаǿ߶ܱסģЩ滹кã
ϧǿ־廹Ǿֶȫûκô
Ƿ绹󻤷ȻǵϣҲֹֹͬκϢ
ˣȫ֪һеı仯ճϢȻʱգ̫˲䣬һжȫˡ
ʮϢ֮䣬ط·𶼳ױˣһ֮䣬ظ췭
ƿĴţŷ֣ΧѾԭȻһֺĳУڳеϿգԼ͸һӰ
߻صԼϣȴȻ֣ԼϵĵȻʧȡ֮ģһЩаɮͬĺɫɮۣһѺɫ䵶
ǣԼһʵ·ҲʧӰ٣񲻹Ǹո̤쾳ѡ
ģߣϲͽܹ뻶ϲ£ݿɾʱͬˡ
˵֮䣬˴߹ڷļģһۼĿڵ
ģĬĬһ𣬷ǶʱһĨЦ⣬Щ˼ˡ
ֹ߰˵ʲôأͷ˷һۣԱߵĺɮĪʵ
΢˵ͷȴҲżŲǺɮ˼ǰȥ
Χһжֵ쳣ʵΧ˵ĶԻСߺȣдľ㣬ܹʵĴ
ǳˣʱƱرѾЩʧˣֻǣЩڷ˵ȴȫ⡣
νͬ⣬һб֮һֲ׽֮С
Ȼʵϣһжڷ˵ȴֱͬһЦ
ɽӣǻ׾ͱ˵ƭסҲ̫Цˣ̤뷽羳ڶأԶǳܹġ
һڷ˵ЩҲǻΪʵĻþѣȻҪ̶ֳʵףȴɷϣپ٣޷ҡġ
ڷ˵ֻҪĲ䣬ôһУҲǾˮ¶ѡ
Ǻɮһ֮ǰոս룬һ֮
粢İ޷ǾлŮѣֻׯص֮У͸һìܸУ˻Ƕڷ˵ìܸУֱͬһ㣬ֱ
·ǿ˷Ĵ㵣Ǻɮһ£˵ɵˣǻϲĵЩɶһŮأ˵ʵҲأҪܰ뻶ϲ£ҲлܹЩŮ˫ء
΢΢ҡͷ͸һ˿֮ɫȴδֻǾǺɮ˼ߡ
Ƭ֮䣬˱һСԺ֮У˷Ǻɮ֮⣬СԺ֮ҲżʮˡЩ˵ķμһģһģȫǺɫɮۼ䵶

Χͬʱһɫɮ۵ɮ˶ʱڵ߳ڵ˻ϲߵӣϣոǵѡ˳Ϊҷӡ
ԺˣҲʮܹ࣬ģȴֻˣ̭ʼֱǿŵҪֻǿ˵ı飬ȴȻ˷ܵĦȭơ
ԻƽȣߣԿšһ̤ͻȻ˵
˿Χ˾Ŀ⣬ȻһЦǰϲҲţΪȴƽȵŻᣬȴǲпĴѡоǲϷּ

һ˲䣬ȫȻΧ˼ֱһֿӵ񿴷磬·۸ʮ⣬һ㡣
ʵĺá
͸һĨâǰ̤һ򷽴ƽȲıҷҲȴлΪϲ״ӡ
˵֮䣬ָһ㣬ʱ͸һɫŷᴫ
֮ʤȻл۸ȴһûл۸ܹ̳ҷͳܹҷ⣿
΢΢ͷȴҲٲ˫ֺʮЦ
ԲҪʲô֮ԿڣֻҪ֤һ£ν磬ܹʵʲô̶ȡ
ڻ棬ɲûĻܹشġ
ϸ˷缸ۣŻڵԭ£۾ʲôҪ룬𾭣ܹߣһϲ¡
ոջ˵ֻˣȻȴͱˣܹ꾭ߣţ˿ſˡȻʵϣȴǳɾԸû˿Ĺϵ
ԷȻô˵Ŀǣûκܹһ㡣
ʱ򣬷ȴǲ˵鷳ġ
һϥ£߱ʱ˷ϵо֮ȴԵ쳣Ʈ죬һҪϸ׼ȷķֱԷʲô
ЩʵҲѣֻҪģֻ˶ܹ
ֻǣԶ˲䣬ȴͻȻݺݺЦȻ۾ȻȴԾĸֳŮӰһЦȻһһЦȻ
Ǽʱ䣬ô˱࣬ƽջԱ۾϶䣬ǣһȴ·Ǵ˵ĵðģ޷ܣҲ޷ֹ
һԭƮо֮ʱԽģǶ̶̲һӵʱ䣬нʮ˽ܲסջҲоĽȣֱӱ߳ȥ
˵Ҳֻ֣Ҫһֹͣо֮ǰһеĻþ㶼֮᳹ʧ·ʲôûгֹһ㡣
ò˵ջʵڲǳܹܣȻҶĬã˶֪һвֻǻ󣬵ʱȴѳֲסġ
ʱƣڵӽʱȻܹԭأоٶȲģѾֻˡ
Ȼ˷֮⣬ʣµҲѾŪ࣬ʱܱˡ
Ƿ磬ȫκӰ졣
νЩ󣬶ڷ˵ҲǺ͵ĳСӰ࣬ȫûʲô˵ġ
ĳЩܹŷСӰ˳ֳģЩҲëëѡ
ֻǣһ̣ڵ֮ȴǶʱ߳òŮӣһɫĶȹѩ͸ȻϢЦŷֱյ˵ߡ
з֮˵ϣؿڸǰԼشչȥĥ䡣


 һٶʮ ϴ
ʵջ󣬱ͬذըһ㣬˲佫ʣ¼˵Ǻķ飬ӵʱ䣬˷֮⣬˱ͳͳǱ۾ߣ̲ס뱧סߵŮȡ
ֻǣֹͣоʼЩŮӱ׵Ļֽ֮𿪣û˿
Ȼĸоüͷûգһ£ϵ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ԸʣµĸŮӱͬʱŷȥϵĸλ̼ŷ񾭡
Ĵ̼ûκܹܵסνĸɮ£ҲҪɡ
ֲĸɮ»кܴľģΧŮӵǣҲͬ԰ѳ֡
ֻǣ˽ȻͬҲû˿ֹˮ˼͸һ˿Цݣһֱ֣ӽŮ§˻У˼ɵ֣档
ֻǣˣеȴҲȫû˿ͣͣ·ͲκӰһ㡣
ıʣʱ㽫ڳסˣһʱ䣬˶Ŀĵŷ磬ȫתˣȻô
ŷ磬ȴֹͣ¶һ˿֮ɫһ˳Ӧģʲô֣
Ĳδֻ꣬ǣȴҲѾû˿ȥȤˣΪȫûκαҪˡ
ΪȻܹ׵ĿĲûֻûʧҲκεӰ죬Ǳ⼸Ů棬Ҳʼձź㶨£˵һξˣǱʮ˱𾭣Ҳκѡ
ġ˫ֺʮƽ΢ЦŻش
ܺãһϲµˣɡҲˣŷ羶ڵȥ
֮Ҳΰݻϲ𣬾ҷϴ֮󣬱㵱ʽΪҷµʮӡ
ŷ絽һɾϢּ˵УǻϲĵӣǿһŮӣɴպ󣬵ϴ񣬳Ϊǵ֮󣬸ǿѡӣΪ˫޵¯õȵõ˫֮֮ȡԪѡ
΢ͷȵ˳ȥŻüͷȻûãǣԼĸоȴʵ̫ʵˡ
ѾÿһϸˣȻȴȻҵ˿ʯ·ҲҪԼǲˡ
ټٲһ֮䣬磬˭ֱܷĳ٣
üͷ𣬷ȴҲЩˣ֪һж޵ģǣֻҪҲ·һб㶼ȻʱƣһգԼʧ֮С

ټ٣˭ֵܷǼ٣پ档
վ⣬󻤷ţڵ
󻤷ֻܽĿڵһУߵĺɮ˻̲סʵ
Ȼô˵ƺЩȴòϣֻʵЩ죬ⲻȻǿаˣ֮֮ѾʱˣҲȫû˿ܹļô
˲֪ȴۼһǿߵģշϹܼһսҲͬڲֻ࣬ǣݣͲںѡ
ڣһ̤룬ͬһһ㣬һжʵǰȻ۷ǿߣҲֱ˿Ȼҡͷ󻤷˵
ʲôۼ󻤷ƺǺɮ˴Ȥ׷ʵ
ҪһС΢Цҡͷ󻤷˵ͨˣǿߣһ󷨣̵ܹʱڣҵҪһУǵλŮǹ׵õ
ǲã
һãһһ֮΢΢ҡͷ󻤷
Ҫȵʲôʱǽ
ȻǱˣѵôһֱȥɣ󷨣Էô죿
ôףֻ󣬽ȥףҪɾˡȻҪһжõһȥһǰᣬǾǣϵҷ𡣡˵󻤷в¶һ˿ɫֻشҪڡ
ûЩֶܼΣ
ҷ𣿡΢΢һǺɮЩŵظ
ֻش֮дʱԽµԽ󣬵ȵԾϴȻͻɢȥǸʱҲɲҷˡ͸һ˿֮ɫ󻤷˵
νģʵǸƭ֣ĻΪһĶģɻɷѿĵĲȴ
ӷͬ˲䣬ʵѾӮˡ
˵ȴѹûʲôЦֻشֿʼ㼸û˵˭ܹģҲΪаǿĻ̴֮һˡ
Ȼ˿õĴ󣬲ֻش󣬾аڴ֮Уֻش󣬾˵ǳԽ׵ĴҲδܹơ

Ųڽϣٴι˾ƺߺȺȣһȻԵõ̬
һɮۣȴⲻɣƫƫͣȫûκĿ⣬·һжһ㡣
粢ûѡʲôỤ̊˼Ķôֻ֪࣬һжõģλʲôͷ
ʱ棡
žƺҡҡͷĿٴ˻ϲȻڻȫûʲôͷǣȴһĸоӦþ⻶ϲϡ
Լ׳٣ƾֶΨһ
ٷ͸һ㣬ؼӦڽϴ֮ϡ
ϴ뵽⣬Ȼһ⣬һ˲䣬΢΢͸һ˿΢ɲ⣬ʱŻϲڵȥ
˷֮⣬һͬõʸˣȻҲҪϴȴ״ӡ
еĲ࣬ͬԲɼ
ЩʸŵĵӣپĿпܵĳΪ״ӡȴֱӾԽ档
˵ƺΪȫţϿˣֱӳΪ״ӣϸ˼֣ᷢľٶʵЩԵ̫ˡ
ɲЩʱˡ
̤ûʱеӭʦ壬ϾҪʼϴˣأ
һҪϴô¶һ˿Ц⣬ǸͷȴԽƶ
ΧĽ۹⣬ƽ̤֮Уۿܵĵޱϲ
Ƭ֮䣬ϵ˱Ҳͬϵ˴֮Уǻϲĵ漴ת˺ǳŴʽʼȻ²ΰݣ
仰ȴǷϷǳ˲Ϣ֮䣬쳹أɫ԰ףȫܿƵĹ


 һٶʮ ľżɸһݣ
£
ڶԶ˵Ⲣûʲô˵ģѾľںǣڷ˵ȴʵ̫ء
׿Ϊɴɱ֮⣬ΪˣģҲͲֻͷһ˶ѡ
͸һ˿âΧ˶ȥЦȻǻϲĵ񵭵ľżɸһݣ
һֻʮ֣ȻʮִӷĿ³ȴʯ쾪Ӧˡ
ģϲ˵ĵҲΪ˵ֻһոŵĵˣ۷壬ǳԽ׵ǿߣ˵Ҳñɱ
һ˲䣬ڣ˶Ȼɫ䣬Ķŷ磬޷ǰֻʵС
˻ҰĿ𳤣ҷĿͽ£
˵Եĺɮ˱ǳĻѾ˷̡
ڻϲĵ֮·棬ǷЩ״ϣҲȻֻ·һ
üͷ΢΢һȴȻû˿⣬ֻЦſܵĵ񣬡ⲻĵôôô
Ȼһ̤һưʱһ֮

ֻʵǷ뾳ȴû˿仯ģ޷֮ȣ̺еĴӡǣȻƾ춯ء
˵һӲǿߣҪԸѰףǵؽ׾ֵָоǳìܣ˵Ӧ˷ǳܲŶԣͺһɢھͻȻһ߰СȻɻڣҲӦܹ֧Ŷԡ
ǣǣķ磬ǶôҲȻû˿ѣ·һжѰһûаӰ졣
䣡
һĳͼסļɮ˲ͱһɴķ˦䵽һüͷȥ
һĻ˵ھκˣûӶɳ
Ҫ֪ЩɮȻʲôվֳϣҲ۷ʵǣȸֻ֣ʵСУȴһжû߳ȥ˭ܹŰ
ڷϸǵֱӿˣһ˻еʵȴܹױϳģǿ赭дһƣȴǿߵĴЩôܳһʵСϣ
ֶΣ¾ǺˣһϲҰ͸һĨ⣬һ֣Ȼڳһɫ׵ʵ˲䱬ѹ˴
Ҳɲ÷ϻˣ֮ǰܹǵȶӦȻ󣬾Ѿǳˡ񣬸һ۷ĵӣѾԲһʵСܹˡ
ϵ֮ǰĽͣȻǷĳֶϢǿߣ鷳ġܽͣΪʲôʵȻҲ޷˿쳣ˡ
ҰôƳ˷һۣ绺ڵֻҪ֪Ҿģ
⻰ϿɾˣʵϣҲѹûдĶ
µ˲䣬ȫȻᷨϵʣ̧һ̤ü֮¶һ˿֮ɫɭȻұľż
䵶ʣȻȴһɾ콣⣬ɱ¾Ϣǵصӿֻһͨ䵶Ȼһ𣬷˵ȴȻһ䣬飬⻷֮£ǷҲһ
ƣ˵Էֻһ죬ҲŰʵǴҸɴ඼Ҫˣˡ
һֱ֣֣ӻɱ
͸һĨŨصɱߵĺɮ˶ʱǳ
˴״ӣҲʮ˶ѣ뷨ͬΪǿߣྡǵؽײˣһʮ֣ҲԾ춯ˡ
Ȼǵǿαװһ֮£Ҳֲȥ
Ȼʮ״ƽջĻǣȾ棬ȴܹͬЭģһڣʮû˿ԥͬʱֲ֣ɱֱ͸ء
Ѫɫ
һӿ߸ɱ֣Ѫɫӳķ·Ҫ䶼ΪѪɫ
췢ɱޣطɱ½˷ɱط
һȻʵʣѪɫɱ֣Ϊһ磬ʮն䡣
ɱһѪ·
ɱ䣬˿ù˼ݱ¶־ɱ䣬ԱĽܣӵ쾡¡
ʵȻǲԷģǹǣ·ЩͲԼһ㣬еĴӡ׾پͽвƽ


 һٶʮ 磡
ϴ
ɫ䵶ȴ콣⣬Դɱ¾֮Ѫɫ֮գ֮Ƭأ·𶼱񱩵ɱֹǷϵʮ״ӣΧеˣ˿̶ĵһηУЩ׵ĵӴվվȣֱӾ͹˵ϣͷ亹
ۣ
һӭϣһ֮Ȼѹϵʮˣ˷ǿ֮⣬һ֮£Ѫһ˲䣬ɱ֮ƺȻ
¾ˣ
ٴʳ⣬ϵȻԲ԰֮ɫ֮Ҳ˼־֮⡣
ǡڣֻ⻰ȴֻ˵˰䡣
΢΢ҡͷ粢ᷨϣֻǼǴеķȥɱ˿̬ȫûκ˻ɣһ̣ͻᱩһն顣
վסܸǺˣ˷о㲻»Ǵô
Ȼոյý棬Ѿ÷ףǲܻǷĶ֣ΪĻϲ״ӣȴҲվӷȥΪʵ̫ˣǵɷ˻ϲĵǸɴҶɢˡ
ǴȻһЦ΢΢ҡͷ漴ȻҵҪǵķûʸ񣡡
ν飬ڷʵûʲôصĹ⻷οôһ籾Ϊ˱νķΪһ仰֣
Ȼһ٣͸һĨɭȻɱ䵶ٴն£磬û˿µ˼
һǶԷٲ֣Ǳֱӻ
Ǻεɱ¾ӣһûʲôֹܹ
ڷ˵ǻﻹǾͳȥһһҵܣһ·ٹȥվҪƵĶԷǡ
ˣ
һնµ˲䣬ʱ͸һɺȻ֮ϢϢʱΧһֻŶˡ
գȻֵֻһӰȻǹɺȻķ֮ϢȴѾޱȵ͸˳
ҷȱ
΢һ漴Χ˱ʱӳ˹˲һأи֮͸һ˷֮ɫĻ˵
Ϊϲ״ʵҲмϲԻĻᣬȻΪڲʹûϲҲͬʹǼˡ
¶һ˿Ц⣬ƺȫԷķӳֽ䵶ӵҲ˵ֻǾؿŻϲӰ
㣬Ը
ϲӰָһ̧ڣȻ⻰ȴǶʱô˶Ϊ֮һš
ôһͨٵϲĵȻϲ֮ĵһ仰ȻȴĽЩҲЩȻˡ
΢΢·ʲôЦЦһ㣬ȴ漴Ц
ָ㣬漴ҡͷ޷֣һӰѣҲʸʲô
ȻԻϲ飬Ҳȫû˿⣬Ļǲм
ԵֻҪɵõҪõһС
˿Ϊ裬ϲƽڵԵպл֤磬Уƶ񲻹һ֮䡣
磬У⣬ЦŨ˫ֻؿڣ˵ǲǻܰշ
һշҲȫܡ
΢΢̾Ϣ漴ˣ뵽ģֺʲô֤
㣬Ը
һ仰ֻһΣϲȴٴζϷһ£Χʱֳһɾ·ֻҪһͷܽɾһ㡣
龰֮£ΧͶ򷽴ĿⶼǼʣ·޲ø绻һźá
ʵ̫ź˰
䣡
һ̤ȴȻԾ𣬳˵ϣ粢ûжһֵĻشĻӦȻµһƣ
ֻ֣죡
Ӱɢ˰˼ɢеһʽҲӰɢ̤۷֮þӰɢԣ̤ףҲյһУȴǱôƮƮĴ˳
һưضʱɫ䣬һ˲䣬Ʊãط·Ѿֻʣֲһơ
ӡ֮£·ѾγԼعһСƬռ֮УĴ򣬱Ǿһеס
¡¡
̶̲Ϣʱ䣬ϲȻΪۣŻϲӰһһ֮´飡
ȴǶʱɵһƬˣֹǻϲеˣǽϵˣ⻶ϲ˲߽⣬Ҳ춼ӳҪεȿֲֵֶز
ۼĿǱӰǲûԼͷҧѵǻϲԻӰ
һĳȻУԭϢȻ飬ȡ֮Ƿԭؽ׵̤䵶ȻڿУۿʣ
ĶԱȸìģڷ˵ؽʵû̫Ψһܹһеģֻжعĸ
Դظ֪ʵġ
ңҲֻܰѱʵԼ׵ͷų
ոһƣԷʵ뷢ӳ˿ֲȻոһƣȴֻһɢֵ쾡µͷ˳Ǳ۷ǿҲ˿Ѷá
ڿУ漴Цôô֪һƻɱ㣡
ʵϣŷ绰£ϲӰٴ˳ңһΣҲѾģӰˣ֮ͬеĵһģһ
ûõģ˵㣬Сϡ
΢΢ҡͷ»ûһɫϲ𻺻̧֣һָʱʮɫͬʱӿذڡ
꣡
һͷѵգ֮䣬ϵĹͷ㱻
ңҲ˿ûɢ˼ԽԽ̬֮࣬
һ绶ϲ˵£Сͬһ޷ѡ
ģ㻹ҪִԲô
űѹĴķ磬ϲʵ
ģ˭ǻģ
ȻѾѹ˿ãȻȴȻû˿η壬˼ɵĴЦ
ٸһλᣬңߡ
ӸµĿŷ磬ϲ𻺻˵ɫ֮ȫû˿Ц˼
ٵϲɱ˶Էķ·ǵȴŵģȻͷˣʲô
ⲻҪвӦ˵Ǵʮ˲ŶԡǴŵ΢ЦҲֻôǣȴģǲǣ
ģִԲҲֲˡ
Ȼϲ˵꣬ʱЦһ˲䣬ü֮͸һ˿峺֮⣬Ǹ磡


 һٶʮ ǣҵ磡
磡
Ȼֻĸ֣Ȼĸֳڵ˲䣬ƬȻ
³ĸ֣ϵɮȻ飬һϮĳ֣ͬʱģС۽
ͷ΢գ֮䣬Ȼʧһ̣ݳ˻ϲǰݲȡ
سɴ磡
̤뷽羳ڶǷǿֶΣȻƽպٶãһʩչȴܹתǬá
ңĿռ䷨򻹲ͬһֽڵеľǶڷ羳
˵Щˣǵǿ߷ռ䣬Ҳͬ޷סسɴķ硣
磬һְɣϲȻΪƽڵעԵܹǰһļ䣬˸ã
ôؿŻϲ𣬷絭˵ңУҲȻǿ׳һЩô
Ȼϲش𣬷漴ЦǣⲻӦҵĿô
͸һ˿Ū֮ɫ˵Ӧñֻشɣ
⻰һϲΪ֮ɫ䣬ɭȻ򷽴οģ
͵ǳˣȻѾȷϣǶԷˬϵ̬ȴ÷΢һͣ漴Ȼˣ󷨵ףҿˣҲȻ⣬ΪУȻ޷ǲǣ
˼·Խ漴Ƭ̣ȻˣֻҪѹңʧȥһεļ䣬Ȼֻصһһݳǲǣ
㵹Ǵһ˿֮ɫϲ𣬻˵俪ڵΣվӲȥġ
ֻ
Ϊаڽ̵Ļ̴󣬿ɲǼ򵥵Ļֻأֲеľڡ
˭һ󣬶᲻ϵܵӰ죬ǿеҲᱻһֻ֮У޾ֻصУʧԼֱӰ£ϴ񣬳ΪаĿͽ
Ȼ緽ǽڵһξֱӿ͸б仯жϳйؽڵˣϾ̫˵Ҳ̫Ӱ죬㿴Σ޷ǾǻѸʱ䣬һδֻأ޾ֻ֮жҡ־ѡ
ټᶨ־ֻذٴΣǧ֮ѵǷô
ȻǷ磬Ҳ˵һܹ֧
ۿ飬絭ϵֻػþĵҲͬǸְɣ
Ϊһ̿ͣʱ̶žԵ侲һ
νǧֻأֻеĽѣʵϣԷҲһѣĴƱҪĴģǲṩЩġ
仰˵ֻҪάתĸɾôҲȻˡ
ֻأôף
󷨲󻤷ʱ䲼öɣֻּܹܹ֧أ
λΣ
ڷ˵εֻأͲܶҡ־ȫûʲôֵηġ
⻰Ϊ֮ɫ䣬Ķŷ磬ŵĺȻ
΢΢ҡͷ絭ȻģҲôڵġİ취̫
ڷ˵Ҫ޴һδĴϾĿ겢󻤷Ӵа̡
ǲҵİ취ֻ֮ѣô´أ˼׼άִתأǲǾҪǧٴεֻ֮ˣ
㻹ΣмĿǣҲЦ˿ŷܹ
飬΢΢۾˵Ȼǧٴεֻأ˵ҲǴһǣУұԶģ
ξΣʵҲȻΣ
һ£˵仰˵ʵһУҲǲǣ
˿룬һʼҪЩһ򿪣ֱ͸ԴѰĽ
ֻıʣǷҪģǸڱһ⡣
һ̣о˷Ŀ£һֱ͸ȻҲٷη˼ȥˡ
֮䣬ĺɫٴŷȥǼƿɲҪˣֱӽ֮Ĩɱһֻ֮С
۾ûһɢжϳλãһ㣬һ֮䣬׾ٵʧԭء
سɴ磡
׵ʱ򣬷Ѿܹ֮Խʮ׵Ŀռ䣬Եؽ׵ʵ֮Ų
ҪǣĶڷ˵һǳصĵطֻҪ㹻Լһ֮䣬ƬضƾŲ˵ǰˣֻҪ룬˲ϢǧҲֻС
ĸд൱죬ȴͬҲ˷һַǳʵĸо
Ȼһڷ˵ȴ·˺˺ڰ磬ʯ֮䣬÷Ȼӳ˹
˲Ϣǧǡ
һ˲䣬Ȼٴͷ˵û
ʲôǣһȫԼĵ֮жͻжûмޣҪǿжǿ
֮ǰһֱףȻֻУȴȻˣԼ׽ߵľ硣
һ֮䣬Ȼ۾һĨȻ·ҪضС
ΣʲôΣǾһж˵㣬һ䣬ظ췭תʱգЩ⣡
뵽ЩжʱͷĶһҲ˷
һָ죬ٴα۾зɿĻĴأҰ
ʮϢʱ䣬ԭڵĿռ䣬Ȼظ췭ʵܲ޾ͬһк£ػΪһƬء
ٴ۾ŴعѣкǷݼֱ
ʵϣرõʱѾɵˣŷ羹ȻĸĻأ𺳼ֱѾ޷ˡ
ֻشҲûĸܹرõġ
һ˿ңһΣǶڷһֿ־֮⡣
ôҪƱãɽХ
һ仰ڣԭĴȻΪһƬĺˮһɻķ籩һɶΧһжû
һ˿˷֮ɫٴοԭˣҵĻþ仰˵ֹ㣬Ҳ
Ȼ⻰Щ뻰ʵϣɲͬһξȻЩҲıá
ǷȴһΪɽĵӣյľľˣľΪֱš
֮ǰһֱûż񣬽ֻشԣһȴ̱ˣʲô
Ȼܷǳʵ֮У𲻵ֺãֻشĻ֮УȴѾܹˣ
һ㵱ͬһˣܣ
ǡҵ磡


 һٶʮ 羢ɱ䣨һ
죡
վֻش⣬󻤷΢üͷ⼸մ֮쳣أٶάתͻΪȱ´ˡ
ֻشʵҲһ֪⣬õķаģֻǰչ̶ƿѡ
һǷǳأĵԽ죬֮ҪܵѹԽֻ󣬴ѧ֮һҲͲùΣȻ֮ǰΣǺķ˽һµʱŽģĵӵһҲԶһĵࡣ
󻤷ʲôô󻤷쳣ԱߵĺɮСʵ
û£ֻ󷨵̫һŵӣĶȥ׼׼پöһ󻤷漴ڷԸ
ȻԷܹ֧Źȥļʲ󣬵ΪԷһǶһЩ׼ΪãΪԭ򹦿һĻǿʵ̫ԩˡ
ֽЩȻ׼ˣűдƬ֮䣬󻤷гϰֶʯҲиҩһⶼǷǳ֮
Ҳڽ󣬶а̵ʵҲ쳣Ӵ󣬷򣬹ݵӣһЩֱƲˡ
Ҳ󻤷ƣٴλصֻش֮С
鲻ϵͼ뷽һصĿȨֻô֮УҲȻǴ·硣
ָоԽĿ־壬֪룬ֻȴͣ
һ˲Ϣ֮⣬̲ס³һü֮Դżƣ룬ֻ˭¶׵شǷƣ֮¿֮ȥ˷ϲá
ǿռ䲨ȴҲȫڿռ䷨еĽȭͷжǴ˷羳ʦǾ֡ˣΪǿռ䷨ӦãȻ⼸ֻش֮еĲϳԣԼ׵еĲȻ̲סΪ֮̾
ڵ
ŲϵسԣسɴⲻϼԽᵽеһĨϣ֮ȴԶҪյعΪĶࡣ
֮ƬصĿƣȴȫںģŵ˵Ŷڷ羳ڶļһصƿѾԶܹˡ
˫ָؽһ𣬷ٴ˼
ĸ̶ȣ˲䴩Խ׵ģƺѾһˣԼ֮УҲͬ޷չˡ
ڷ˵ҲѾ㹻ˣ˼Ҳչģڴ羢⡣
֮ǰһֱô羢سɴԶֶΣ˲ϴ羢Ҳ໥ϣںϡ
ȻŶڷ羳ڶļȴԼһֱ羢سɴҲδȫ޷ںϵġ
Ȼںϲһϵںϣеϵۺϡ
򵥵˵֮ǰһֱã羢ʱķɶֲֿĹ
ǣȴԼܹ򵽣ʵǲһַɣһֶصĵϣ
һ֮ͨˡ
һ룬ڴ羢ͬʱܹһ˿ռ䷨Լسɴ֮Ƕصĵϸȥôһȭҳʱȭͷٵ˲ƶͬһȭϣ¿Զֹһǰ˰ɣ
Ȼǣ⣬ɾ̫ˣ񷽴Ҳҵһ˼·ѣۺϳɹɻʮǧء
񣬷ȴȱʱ䣡
ֻش֮У÷ǳȫÿ⣬뵽ʲô飬ҲõһܱóֲͬĳֱӶ֡
ڷ翴Լѵ
ȻֻܹǸ򣬶ñڷ˵ҲѾ㹻ˡ
ʵ־磬ҪͻƵףʵþǸ򣬶طĸ򣬶ڵĸ
ЩﶼΪ׵Ķࡣ
䣡
뵽ǲ˿ģһʱٴγԱߣ־һȭҳ
㾿Ҫ羹ȻԼֱҪˣȻһ£һɳ׻
һȭͷݺײһȻȶ飬ȴʵڻЩǶ˴羢Ҳǲɢɱǿ
ЩعԲʵƵͷųǣ羢ȴԷ籾ʵΪġ
ϾʵʵҲǵؽ׶ѣȻʮıҲ಻൱ǿߵһѡĹ˵ʵ̫
ôһȭȥҲǽǺһСȱڶѣԼֱӱĵɳϰףѪǱ
ʵ磬Ľ治Ҫ࣬͵ýˡ
ǣ֮УֻҪһϵƾ˲ָȫ˿Ӱ졣ȻǴĲֺһһεĳŽֵۺϵһ
һΣΣʮΡһٴΣ
Ȼƣ룬Ƿȴȫû˿ͷÿһγ֮󣬶Сĵĵųֵۺϵķʽ
ƾʱɿȴȻ飬ŭҲãҲã綼ȥǲϵ鵱ʵƷ
Ҳûɵ磬÷ȴֻأǣѾ֮ķ˵ôҲ޷Էʲôв
ʵϣƾسɴѾԽԷ˦ĲӰˡ
ôһ죡
ڴ֮лڣȴǿ󻤷ˡ
ȡصĿȨ齻֣ĵôһֻشıһֱάһǳߵˮ׼ϡ
Ȼ󻤷ѾȫչĲˣٶȴȻǲȴѾƵòʱʱעԼάִתˡ
ÿһ춼дĲӿ룬ֻĲϣøֵһƷǸ۾κ˱
ǴһΣ󻤷¶δֻܹشˣǣȴﻢ¡
νѷˣѾͶô࣬ڷһоͶ׷ˣȫ˷ѵǣǼȥǾпܳɹøĻر
ѡʵûʲôԥء
οֻش󻤷ǷǳĵģǵڿҲŷǸ´ӳʣµ޷Ǿʱ⡣
˵һĵıƴ
޷ܴתǷȱ
ȻֹЩɮҲǰզ಻ѡ
Щ϶ǾǵֵģȻĴǺεȵĸ߰ǾˣǸа˾Ȼһֱ֧ţ˿ûбƣǺεȵĺţ


 һٶʮ 羢ɱ䣨
磬㾿Ҫ
һνˣȴۼŷٴλָ鱻ûȴƫƫ÷ûκΰ취
⻰ӦɣЦЦĴ˸ǷϾķʵ˵㻹ʲôֶûʹ
ҲѪµû⻰ǵѪɣô۸˵İⶼ˰ˣҪǻֶΣĻŵڰ
Ƿ統ҪܳȥˣϾһȡ˶ĿȨɾֱȻսᡣ
ǣȴƫƫûгȥ˼ôصڣһҪļơ
ҿԴͨȥһڻεؿڵһԼǣȻˣ˼άȴѾʵڲڳ֮ˣ۸ҲͬĿҪˡ
ûȤ
ûκԥɴһھ;ܾˣȥʲôЦôõطԼҪȥ
뿪Լȥȥôһ۷ʵɳȥ
Ц棬۷ʵĶ֣ǲڶʱɴľɱľǷ簡
˵һ˵۷ǿҲ÷û취ǣ˼Ҳɵɳɣ
ȫõ⣬Ҳõˣ䣬ܾطЩһȥˣǲġ
ֿ쵽˷쭵ıԵ˵Ҷ㼱ʲô
УģֻǲҪң⻰ŪһᣬŭĴתԶȥ
ȴܹûû˵ˣҲ÷ûκΰ취
Уûа취Ҳ˻ô
ôȻУ
ʲôЦôɳѵģôܵ
سɴ磡
һ֮䣬ֱӳǰ־һȭҳ
һ⧲֮£飬Ҳĵһ
񷽴Ȼû羢سɴ統еĵۺǶڴ羢֮еϵȴԽˣƾ⣬һȭӳȴҲѾߴ20ȴѾȫƶɢʽˡ
磬̫
ٴαסڳ׷ˣһգۼ䣬ǧɫͬʱֶǵأΧĿռ伸ȫ
۸˰ɣôƣŻҰȻ˿ռ䣬ǷȴҲ˿ţسɴһ֮֮ܳǰ⣬Ͳܹסá
㾿ҪΣɫĿŷ磬鼸Ǻġ
·𿴵ҲѾ챻ԼƵˣȤĴһᣬŴЦܼ򵥣ҪҸһЩҪһ㣬û¾ͷŵҴ棿
ôİĿ˵ȴ鷴֪Ӧ˵Щʲôˣϸһ룬ȻȣʵƺѾ˷츲صı仯
֮ǰΪʵ׽Ū侲룬Ȼ֣ȻǷʵһֱڷ
뵽ЩжʱһݣЩˡ
κ˶ǲģҪʵΨһİ취Լع򣬻ǴԴ
Щ˵ףʵʩȴǺεȵļѣ
Щڵؽ۷壬һ޷ͻƵģɲȱʲôʵҩȱʱģǷݸѣ
˵ˣ۷һʵϵĲ࣬Ƿĸ̶Ȳͬô
ǣô̶̵İ֮䣬ڷϵĸܷ췭ظı仯Ҳ̫˼˰ɣڷĸҪ׵Ķ࣬Ҳʵ̫ˡ
Ȼ֪׵ʱ򣬾ʩչǰ˼ɢֺʽеǰʽִӡǣ¾Ͳôˡ
ôΣƺȫ֪תͷĿʵ
У
ʶģͷŭĻؾˡ
ֻɴͲΪ˰İ˭вСӦǵȳԽ׵ǿߣ֮Ҳڵһʱ䣬ǿʵƴֱ
λȴȫû⵱°ҡڵ֪ܵҪҲ̫˰ɣ
Ȼǣȴվģ񲻵ܶ˼ҲвҪ϶ԷôУ
ƲƲ죬˫ķԺ󣬡㻹أҪȻԱ
Ա⻰һ˵㱻һ
Ϊ飬ȻҲǿԱģԻΪۣΪУеִǻԵģĨȥ˵꣡
ǣ˵ԱҲûʮܹɱˣ
ķܹһİɣһԱͼֱӶ߶صĿȨܲԱ
Ҫǣ᲻Ա
ûвǣǻˣһǣǾͺһˣ˭
飬ɲֻһ飬ʵϣвóֻش󣬶ܵĿơ
Ƿľ´κˣֻҪ´λ˲ֻشܹٴγ֡
һԱôǳ׵䣬´˲ֻش󣬾ͻһʼ壬ȻǣֻǣǿɾͲˡ
ԣȻ۸۸ЩݣȴҲûﵽܹһԱĵز
ٴγĬ΢΢ջ㻹Աαأ㿴ǽΣ㲻ҪҵˣѣֻǰʲôԵأ
˿̵ķһðƭС裬۾Цеһ
ѣò˵ֶջʵЩ̫Զ
һֱǼʵִһδĨɱߵʶ֮ϴ֮ΪаĿͽ
Ȼʧߣǿߣʼûʲôʲôˣ
ӵǣȻҲӵĸ飡
ڶջ֮ԣȴǡûߡ
ӵһѣջѣ໥ô
һ˲䣬ڿʼԥˣ
Ȼǲ֪ЩģǺ˵·ȴǲģҲҪ㰡ҵĳƺˣҸΣ룬ͽֻΣ
ֻأϸĥ֣жʱһ쳣˷ܵĸо򵥵һȴǳ׻һ˿־
㿴ڿʼҷ磬ҽֻأǾǲǣȻ֪ੲݵ߶š
÷磬ھôҰ㣡ĵ˵ͷ飬˵ӦֱֻӴ˷Ļѯʵ
£
һΣȴֵĿɿڴˣҪ֪֮ǰҲϰߵĺѣû龹Ȼĵ档


 һʮ ɱĴ羢
ˮ죡
һϮ˫ָڱ̤˶У˫Ŀ΢ϣں֮еɡ
Զֻػûһ෢һɫϣָżһ۷ķȴʼղδȥŷĸ
ȻʵҲԱ۷壬Ƕڴĸȴʼ޷뷽⣬ƽں֮иϣȫ޷⡣
ʵϣ˵ˣ㻻׸ֹֻ¶Ҳ޷ⷽľٶġ
Щ粻ֻؽ֣Ȼ羢سɴϵںϽչȴȻǳ÷ͷĻ
˷أط죬취Ȼ
ĬĬ׽򵥵һ仰нûͷͷһƬ飬źȻϢ֪УȴǷ·ĽԼƬ֮һ㡣
ĸ򣬴ӱϿƺԴ羢سɴۺϸûκãȻʵϣȴһԴĸ
磬ǷôȴҲ׽ȻĵϣϾԷع⣬֧εĸ򣬵ǣȴһ
綼ƣһأƿԴչϸ΢ܹ֮
Ȼżģǣȴܹͬ𵽼ĲοãԾ÷ڶ⣬Լľϵõߡ
䣡
˫ĿȻһƾâȻ͸·綼˫˲
ͬʱһȭһɵصӿȭͷһСƬռֱӱ飬ϸ۲죬ͻ֣ᷢһȭʱΧƬռ䶼֮ңԼ͸һ˿ռ䲨
ô
߷һѹֻرʱ˷ߣʵ
ոһȭܹܵģǷҲЩļ¡
ԿһЦҡͷ̧־һȭҳ
ողͬһȭȴǿ磬ûգһȭȻٶȣǿҲܡ
飡
ֻߵĺɫܵǷȫһҲ಻ǽһСȱڣȻһȭȴȻķ飬ֻҲһ˳վȡ
ĿɿڴĿŷ磬ֻѾһ׼ҲǱĲᣬôں˼죬ֵ㷢췭ظı仯Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ʮ
ջ֣֮䣬ȻһֻСȻڴῪڵ
Ŀ쳣ĸ֪ȻҲȻ޷ô羢سɴ֮еĵںϣȴѾɹĽһ˿ռ䷨ۺ˽ȥڵϵҲϵһȫµĲΡ
ʮܹļˣ
ֻأҪ뿪ˡ֮䣬֮ץһֻƺ΢̾Ϣһ绹ڵ
ԭֻһ飬ȻЩֻؽӴȴֻص鴿֮ȫȻûκαԾ䣬ݸҲ˼Ͽɡ
ҪôĻֻɫһ漴Ҳ
ֶ˵쳣ȻЩ죬඼ȴеܵദУ˵Щ
ȻһЦ޲ɢ֮ϯ֪ѣֺαִţ
ĸ飬վЩҡҡͷֻε˵˵öԣվҪ뿪ģڲߣҲкľʱ򡭡ңվǲġ
⻰ûд۴ĸǶ˵綼Զأ˵Ҳ̫Ҫ졣
ҲҲδؾһһֱ֮Соֻص˸У̲ס԰οȻ飬ǼȻǣǱѵһҲδؾͲܴ
⻰Ȼǰοĳɷ־Ӷ࣬ȴҲþȫǷܣһĴ˵֮Уľҿˣôӵǵ飬Ϊʲôûϣأ
⻰һڣֻص۾ȴǶʱ˷ܵĶŷ׷ʵ˵ô
Ȼģܹ죬ΪʲôأֻҪҲأδر㲻ܳɹ
ĵͷֻ漴ڵһܳɹҪˡ
΢΢ף漴ЦûοԺҲδؾûмĻᣬչҪаЩ˶ϵãպһս
ᵽֻ΢΢üƬ˵аĴڵģֻ޷٣ͨһЩֶΣԽЩͽʱ٣ʵǳֲһҪСġ
޷٣⣬вȻһȴǶʱٴۣһȣֻأ˵ô
ֻ֪ҡͷֻֻܴشֵĵطĶǺ
ֻشа𴴳ôȻֻشԼ˵ûʲôвǷȴҲò󷨵ˣƽĶֻۣȷ˲õĶ
ӦǣϸһᣬֻҡͷҲǵ˭󷨣ҶаȴһֱܵηС
˵ͷҲûϸʣˣʱϵĹˣҪˡ
һȣа̵̳֮л̴ֻشҪҵҡ
΢΢һͣ˵ͷãҼǵˡ
ƺʲô漴ˣһһϹɱ򣬻һЩ
˵ͬʱһ̤У޷ԶȻͷųֻ֮⣬תһϢȻθߣѹȵֻҲһ˳ʮԶ

ڴ֮صⲽ󻤷ȴԽķܹѼĲ϶ѾѼĲˣֻشȴȻûܶȻаˣָо˷겻ѡ
ǰЩ죬ò״ıˣΪаҪŲסˣֻû뵽ľȻٴμӿ죬ңѾҪпƲסĸоˡ
֮ǰ׼ĲѾõĲˣһٲֻܽ㵱Ҫˡ
ã
ͻȻ֮䣬󻤷ȴȻоٶȾȻʮٱļ٣ģѾô˱ٵơ
һ˲䣬󻤷ɫʱļΪѿҧҧ˫Ȼ°ڵȻӿ֮У󻤷Ȼڵһ֣ȫάִת
ٵģʶľΪаѾǿ֮ĩڣⲻĻعⷵնѡ
£ܸĹһҪ֪һУȥԴѾˣʧˣûҲֻƴһˡ
һΣֱ˶Ľ۹ע֮Уаƴ


 һʮһ ׷ɱ
īĿѩ
תһԴĴӡƬأ̤ڰ֮УͬΨһף
ƬռΪУܹ޹˼ɵͷ۵еչֳ
˫ȻգȻͷųǹѾ쳣ˣؼ⾳ֻ˵Ҳһµĳ
֮ǰȻ֪κβ÷磬ȴҲΪͬ˵ǣһֲ̣ܵ⾳ȴͷһθоһַս
ҺãѾ뷽ˡ뵽ֻȴǲٴһů
¡¡
һ̣Ƭر·ܵʲôǣһص˺ţƺʱܱһ㡣
һһֻأ
һɲǼ䣬֮е⾳Ȼת׺Ȼ£գ֮컻գ
ֻ⾳
Է֮Ҳǵһͷųֻ⾳ģشӡǼǷҲˡ
һ֮䣬һ֮䣬羹ȻֱӱֻأֱӿһֻصУ
ֻشֻأȻôǿпˣ
¡¡
ǿֻص˲䣬ֻشڳ׳ܹصļޣգ߽֮⣡
ֻشǿ֮й󻤷ԼЩɮͬʱܵɣϯĿֱӽʮɮ˽飬󻤷Ҳͬ³һѪԶԶĵ˵ϡ
ȣ
˴󣬷һǱİڵϿ˼ɫЩ԰ףְŵ棬һ̧Ƴ󻤷ȴǶʱ͸һĨɱ
ͺЩ㱻˵үƲ
ҧгݵĴһԾ̧־һĳ
˻
֮ȻǿȻֱӿ󻤷ɱʵʣ͸һɷ֮ȴǶʱ󻤷һһھѪ˳ȻΪһѪӰæԶȥ
գɱ󻤷ҲẦ£޷ǾһսʤҲ֮䡣Ȼ˿ȴǲͬģ
ǿбĴɣ󻤷Ƽأһʣɣʱ򣬱˵Ƿˣһĵؽ۷ҲпȡﻹҸȻҪҲõȵƻָС
Ҫǣֻش֮ӳ𺳶˵ʵ̫£վ۷ǿ߱ƭֻشҲ˸ճ
һ·ȴô벻ͨƾʲôܹԵؽ׵ʵֵֻشľ
Сӣ㵽ʲôչħ֮˲Ϣ׷
ɿųСħʵ
˭˵Ҫ׷ˣЦһɭȻʵ
֮µ󻤷Էٶȣ˵չħ֮ˣֻҪʩչ־Ѿ㹻ˡ
ֻڷûɱ˼
СħҲ˼֮ģһ˲ͷӦ˹ûյʲô󷨵Ӱ죿
Ҳøûˣвٽʼ磬Ǵһ˿Цش
ݣһͷļ֮УٴαΪ࣬Сħȴѹٸ˵ˡ
Ȼֻ֪ش󾿾һʲôǵƾܹж뷽ϵһ㣬Ѿֲ֤ˡȻ£羹ȻܰȻƱˣֶĻȻҲòΪ֮̾
ڷҪΣҲȥˡ

֮Уа̽ͻȻ۾ɭĿ֮͸һ˿ѪɫȻվ
ֻشˣ
ɿݵ˫ӶһĨİѪɫָ֣㶯һ֮䣬аֱ̽ӽֻش
飬ʲô飿
ΪаڵĽֻشȴ쳣أо쳣ʱˡ
󻤷óֻȴΪ㣬ľǿɣӦѾˡƽĻش
ĽҲǵһˣֻǣа̽УҲһ߶ѣǶʽġ
ʲôˣ˵㣡üͷа̽׷ʵ
󻤷ʵģһóֻشҲάµתŶԣôᾹȻܹ֧ŵľ
аˣ־ǳ£ʮֻأȻûĥ־յ´ֻάһ±ˡȻǹʽĻشֻȴԽĲ
Ȼа̽˵̬ȣһԱԽķеĲˡ
ûжһķϻаֱ̽ӱ뿪ֻһкûд
ѡҵ㲻ǣ
ĬĬգһ˿⣬ǲм
ಣ
Ҵ뿪ֻشа̽ʱӵ󻤷Ϣ
Ϣֱͨа𴫵ݵģ˲Ϣܴ͸һ˿Ѫɫа̽ǰʱ󻤷λõ龰
һ·֮У󻤷ȻԵüΪǱ͸ͼӰҲȻܹؿˣѾ֧ȥˡ
󻤷׵ľ룬һ۵ĵ˱ų׷ᣬȻӰҲƣ룬ȴ͸һĨɱ˴ĵһ˿ɵ֮⡣
󻤷źţά˲ӵʱȻɢа̽˵ȴҲѾ㹻ˣ
ϢٽĻѾȫƶϳˡ
΢һ£а̽漴̤˴Ըˣ̴ǰ򣬽Ӧ󻤷
ǣ
Щаͽ˵аĴˣӵϵϣһ仰Ǻη˵ֻȥӦ󻤷ˡ
һҲһɣԷ²ôöԸġ룬а̽ǳԷԸ
ô˵Ҳֻܹش֮мʮֻصǿߣ˹ȥ²ȲˣᷴԷɱ
ܣЩȫϣʧĻҲӰ죬ҪʱȴҲ̫֡

аˣֻشͬģԸķ䣬Ӧһ̶һΣ
һ·ǱӴܣȻ뷽֮ľ룬ȴѾ̵˲200ףٶȣܿҪ׷ˡ
٣ƭҴȴػģҪүϴԣүӳ㻹ƾôһ仰ʹңҲδ̫˰ɣض󻤷ɭȻڵ
Σ󻤷εطʵ
ܼ򵥣ĹǣЦٴμ٣ɱүݺ£ûƵôҹΪһܷŹ㣿
Ϊƾ׷ңҷģպؽƤۼɱȻûкͽĿܣ󻤷̲סҲ˺ݻ
˵֮䣬ٴαһĨţٶ˲һ࣬ԶԶĽٴ˦


 һʮ ɱ
׼ѪΪۻȡٶȵļ
󻤷˵Ĵ۱쳣أǱƵ˼ޣǾԲԸôġԭΪһʩչѪ֮Ȼܹ˦аˣȻʵÿεò˾֮аҲͬʩչٶҧס
ôݣᷢа˱ݣƴǼƣֱͬҪͬھһ㡣
뵽⣬󻤷ֱҪˣĳ𰡣һôң㻹ƨûУԼΪ⣬ƴͬھںˣҪҪô̬
ڶаѾˣȻƵǣôԷҲȻôĽҧţֱ蹷Ƶġ
ÿһа˰Ѿ֮ظоԷϢңɫҲԽĲ԰ףʩչǵٶȵҲҪش۵ġ
ôʵ޷ǾǴƴĶѣǿߣаȴֻǵؽ׶ѡ
ʵϣ֮£ʵɶûʣ£ѪأôĲ
һܾ˵ƴ˭ȳŲȥ˭䡣
ûҪȳŲסȴ˭źŴȥ󣬽Ȼǲ֧ԮĮ鲼аͽֻҪò˶ãͻ½˸ܿȷԼλãǲǿӦĵڡ
ҲΪͷͲƴģǹԷʩչһĶԷʵȵӦĸָ֮׾ٵĽ֮նɱ
Ǳߣ
תͷ󻤷ȻԶ˺жʱһ񣬻ͷһ۷磬ɿЩ˵ķȥ
ͺΪסң
ͬа̵ˣһЦȴȫûнԷС
Ȼһ壬־ٴչٶһɱ۵̶̲ʮӲЩԮȺС
ִٸЩɮˣҲ׵ʵѣԸͨؽ׻мвԷǾͼֱˡ
ɢһչǰʽЩɮҲžԿֲɱƼֱͬȺӧ档
󻤷ȴѹûָЩܹѷôͷûлأԽЩ֮󣬱ûԶȥдɱͷ˵û˿Ŀ֮ܡ
аˣеͼ׷ҵҪɫҺΣ
ͺӵĺǣүҲȻȡ㹷˫Ŀ죬Щ˻ƣȻȴ쳣ᶨûа˼
ִߵɮжһ䵶Хһ֮䣬䵶̣ж
Щ飬Ҳүյүɱʹ죡
ɱϷӿ䵶͸һĨɭȻâȻûеҲû̫ǿĵԷʵʩչҲǵɭϣԶЩܹġ
Ϊ̿ͣ籾ûʲôõıһ䵶ʩչҲɱĺ졣
һˣۼʵֻѾŵıͷˣЩɮȴǲͬǼȫǱаϴԵĿͽ֪ɣҲҺη󻤷ȡƬ̵ʱ䡣
ЩҲŽ֮ǵһѣ
󻤷֮ľȻǱŲǧ׵ľ룬ž˾ͱ󻤷ˡ
ÿһԮ󻤷ԥǵڻ·磬ƺҲѾɱˣҪ׷ɱ󻤷ģһ·ɱһ۾ȾѪͷϵķҲңֻϵɱȴԽŨ
ô׷׷ͣͣ˰죬ҹʱڷе٣ٶȻڲ
ɱ˵䵶ҲͬѾĴˣ

վϿ֮ϣźڽɫĳۿ·
վʮɮˣϽ󻤷뷽λѾ㱨
ʮظһ֣ḧȵصɣϿȶҷ
һаӦҲǿ֮ĩˣɱαػôĹҿֻҪ֣ҪʮоԵĺɮЦŷе
С޴΢΢ҡͷƽҲ÷ңҵʵȻ󻤷ǿȴҲûдֻı¶ԷȻϵֻľ֮һˣңҲû
ǵǣ˵ǼһʲôܵҲһȥ󡣡˵ͷǺɮ˶ʱϿȥ
Сʱʱ䣬ʮɮ˱ȻϿ֮УͬʱȥеϢǿ߸ҲƲκ쳣

ͣ
һԷնΪΣѪ涼ȾһƬϼѾѪ͸ЩƣĴϢ˼ż󻤷׷ȥ
ô˰ɣбɱҿҳ֣ԼҪˡ
ۼǰϿˣ󻤷˽Ųͷٴμ
ȻûͨƾֱܹжϳеĸֱȻϿȽӦԼֻҪӽȥǰȫˡ
ĿɾͲֻˣ취ҲһϿնɱ
˵ɻͷȴѾʧĸɸɾˡ
ֻشûܿסˣ־жᶨǸͲƾʲôܹ򶯵ģο뷽ҲѾǽˡ
ֻش󶼿ƲסǲĶնɱӻȥˣҲ԰ȡ
ͺΪүŹôӳĮүҲŹĵүҳŲסߣΪ㻹ܳŶã͸һҰްķ֮ɫЦŽ
һ߽һ߷ɿϿƶ벻ϵ̣ת֮䣬ϿȱѾֻˡ
Į඼ǻҰһƬϿȸڷ֮ϣַڶ𣬴վסš
Ͽ͸һɳƵѹָУʱҹԾһĿ־С
󻤷һ۾ͿϤİţиǴ󶨣¹һģаˣ˵ɣ㵽ֻҪҶӦ㣡
Ŷ׷ᣬǣɭȻҪаˣΪңô
⻰ĿǾʵ̫ˣ󻤷Ҫշ磬Ҳһ죬ǵˣ޷֣ܻͷƴ
һ󻤷ɫĴҵҪ㻹ܿ񵽼ʱ
̫ã۳һϿȣɭȻϿȱ֮أ
µ˲䣬Ȼ٣󻤷׷ȥٶȱ֮ǰ屶ǰٶȣ󻤷ӳϿȾ͵ñ׷ˡ
ٶȣ󻤷ҲһֻǿǰϿȣȴڻǷġ
ƴֻҪϿȣȥɾ͸ˣ
ǰŵˣһƴ־аôһĶ֣
ŵ˵һɱֻ֣֮Ҫа̤ϿȣѾˡ


 һʮ ˭ɱ֣
ˣ
һ̤Ͽȣգ֮رã֮ڶĵ¹ĹԣɭϢ˺ëը
һ˲䣬Ȼͣ˽ŲĶΧɱҲ֮һ
ûͷҲܸо·Ѿˡ
ʵϣϿ֮ڵƬռѾбռʵ򣬸޷뿪
ô׷ô
վڷǰ֮⣬󻤷ʱĴЦ֮д֮ȥĵɫ׷ɱһ죬תԷɱ֮УҲܹüһˡ
ĬĬĿ󻤷绺ڵֶΣҪµүֻҲøѪĴۣ
ӵ䵶ͷ΢΢һʣ󱳵ĽȻ˷С
ɱ֮УڶϵĽȻδ֣Ȼһ˲ϱϢȴ󻤷Ҳ
֮ǰЩ˼ɷ米ĳϾǻɱʵϹܼʱҲûжóƾ˫ƣ֮ͼԷɱֶΣȻ
ȻδʣȴԼѾнɢ֪Ѿǿ֮ĩҲδ⻹Щη壬ʶ˳ŷӦ
žž
˵֮䣬ԶͻȻһȻ󣬵տϿ֮ȴҲԵ֮
ǰĺɮԾóһ·źڽɫ۵ӻ߳ˡ
һаˣ㵽Ȼݶƾһ㣬һִߵĺɮнӹȣӴżڵȻԸҷҿˡ
⻰󻤷üͷȻһֻ֮ȴѾûֹʸˡ
һڽУǾΪҵģƽһѾѹһͷˣһշаˣֻպҪѹ̧ͷˡϧȴǸû˵ʸˡ
˭ԴҲͺͺƲƲ죬ڷʵ
˽һҲգһƽĻشҲδȣΪ֮䣬˵Ҫ
װʲôβǣĺһȻڵүǺεݣǵаԳ棬ҲοЩˡ
ȫûǸԾĿռܹסˣɵסֻҪ룬һ֮䣬չسɴֶʧӰ١
õһĨɱһҲڶշͷ㻹ʲôֶΣʹԣҵҪ֮󣬻ܼܲſ񡣡
֮䣬ΧĺɮͬʱȣһεѹȻӿаζ
аˣ㻹ǵ˵ĻôƱҪƤý֪һε顣͸һĨɭȻɱͷ촽󻤷ɭɭĿв
ΪͳԶˣǴһ˿ĿһΧżڵûĻҲ޷ڶʱ뿪ɣ
νһҲ׵ʵѣƾԷһƬռ䣬󷨣Ǳ˫ģԼͬʱҲͬסǡ
⻰󻤷ɫڱˣԼһּΪĴ
󷨣Ҳ֪ģаµķ֮һ˿ռ䣬ŴյֶΣһʱ֮ڣ޷룡
˵ƬϿȱ֮ءЩͺͬү˵ģбһ˿âڶ
һ־ȫٶ˲Ϣﵽ˼£
¼٣
ԭٶȾѾˣֻش֮иϣ־ٶٴ˲Ϣ֮䣬һʮӰ󻤷㣬һ̽Ѿ󻤷ĲС
󻤷ˣһ·ϧ۵ʩչ٣Ǽ;ƿݵľ磬Ƿȴƨ¶ûеģһȫ֣ﻹֵõܣ
죬̫ˣ
ļ٣˵˵󻤷ˣһҲɫ䣬Լ۾ˡ
ٶȣ֣ô˵󻤷ڣ
һ˲䣬㷴ӳ˹˼ҹģô仰˵⾫ĲõɱҲ˼̤ģ
ͷŸոһбһֲ˼ͷһжģôа˵ĻֶθǺεȵĿֲ֣Լܹƥô
Ҳ˵һתͷһѱסӣ󻤷Ѿ˵֮һƬհף˵ˡ
Ī׷Ī룬㵱ΪϿôնĵΣҾͲ²ôĿ⻺䵽󻤷ϣһ˿֮ɫҲͲش΢΢ֱ̧֮ӽ󻤷ĺ飬ͬһԶԶƲ˳ȥ
ĳȫȻû˿Ĺ˼ɣһ̣ӰѾӡڳÿһ˵֮С
ͬʱСħҲӷļϱ˳̰ĻӶųֱӱ˳ȥ꣡
Ȼ󻤷Ѿ֮ˣȴϾǿߣСħ˵ɾǴ󲹣
͸һ˿⣬絭һһ㣬˵ûȷһɱ֣ȴңǵġ㻹ʲôֶΣҪʹԶûǸˡ
µ˲䣬е۽ȻӳһĽȻ۽δʣȻǾĽѾ˾岻ˡ
ɱ
ɱٴʩչ˲ϢΪһӰͬĶħӶո
㵽ʲôˣ
һ̣һʶˣֲֶĻͲĬĬ֮νɱֻɱ˼ҸһЦԼԸԼС
֪ġ󣡡Ǵһ˿Цȴѹģһɱˣ
ЩɮȻҲǵؽʵľ񣬵ȴεסչɱķ磿
ͬΪؽ׵ģķȴһܹݵģ
ձҲȻᣡбųһ˿֮⣬һҲͬ׷˽ҵͷ
ĿռҪһʱܴ֮򿪣ҲѾû·ˣս
ϾǿߣȻͻȻıŪ˸ֲȴҲʹ˱ס
ȻһקеȻΪһצ飬ǲֵң
أ
ĺһβֱӽɮɽȥһѪ궼δѣ
ֶΣǷҲΪ֮һҲмˡ
飬ܹǿԼһ˶ɱǰɱˣȡʵȡһ
ڷ˵Щ


 һʮ а
ҹɫʡ
¹Ͽ£͸ŵľվϿϷңԶһ͵š
ֻǣϿ֮ȴʹ־˻ѪɫΪΨһɡ
˻𣡡
צľצڿ·裬ÿһʹʵһ֣Լ֮ҲѾһ㵭Ѫɫ
䣡
̽һצҹĻ֮˺һСƬգһռŭ˻ĺڵһδ˷Ĺ
ɶصĳâ֮һ˳
𣡡
ڿһȴδ̷ֻڷͷ·ʱһһеսᡣ
аˣ㾿ʲôˣ㶼Ϊؿۣ
Ķŷ磬һеɫЩͷų˵Ҳһּĸ
ʱֻҪɵӶ׷ݾԲˣǻһʱ䣬һطҲ༸ֹ˼ɣû֮ǰδظ֣ǣڵľȴѾݲԥˡ
ѡ񣬾ô򵥡
һצӦǼʹ˻ȥȴҲʵЩϧƽһָᰴڽϣɫ֮䲻˿Ļš
ȥ·ʲôЦһмЦаԴµаȣӡϹа֮飬˵㣬ȻǹʦҲҿ˺ڡ
а
ٴᵽ֣ȴҲ˼ּɵڵõϢνа𣬿ҲһĴˡ
ȻļɵǶаģɲǶνаȻһġ
΢΢ҡͷϣһֱôֹȥ
ĺɮѾȫ¾ɾһɱģǸȴǱаɵġ
ʱ򣬷ҲѾ˿ˡ
ְ̤֮еĳڳʣһɲǼ䣬ɫĹȻӳƬգϿȵĿռ䱻ѤĽɫԾԾΧ֮ڵˡ

Ľ֮ȻĽֱһ̲ͷųǽг˻֮⣬·һֱǳ̲ٴλص˴֮һ㡣
֮תɲǼ佫ռ䶨ס֮ǰڿҫаȴͬһ㣬ܿƵȥ
ȻıȴǶʱ㽫һסˣһʱ䣬ûܷӦɵɵĿȻĳ
ɱ
ٴαһɱ֣ɱٴͷŶĲ֮£žצаȥһɴϮɱʱŵĺնΪΣ
۽
ֱһ̣һڷӦ˹һ˿Ȼ֮ɫڵһ˾֮⣬޲ӵӰٲźá
£Įǿߣвʶõ۽ģŵ˵Ǹʱ۽ĿֲıѾģΪһֲɿ񻰡
һȻûоǸģΪа̵Ķ֮һȴ֪ܲ۽Ŀ£
һ̣һڽӵηС
аȹȻаµиˣҪǵ۽ĻǾһˡ
磬Ƿ磡
ҧгݵĵŷ磬һһֱ˷ĶˣԴӵһսϢ֮󣬷֮Ѿ£ǱΪԲǵ֮һ
֪аǷ磬㷽ϷƸ׳죬а̵Ҳ֤ʲôͻ
ΪʵΪվڷ米ˣ
һӰݰٱ죬Ϊ۽˵۵ļ̳ˣ
Ȼ󣬷һ·ˣԳ֣ݸۼôǿߣȻһѹô
ŵ˵ķߵĶʵǣڣȲ˵ǲκεˣܣһӰ֮еһλ˭ܵס
аڷչ׶Σ;ڣңڵ۽Ҳûʲô֮ġ
ǺģȴȻİѷǳˣһǱƵֺ·ɱ֮С
ķӦƺ̫ЩǴһ˿⣬ȴҲûаֵ˼΢ֱӽոսָһаӶ۽һն䡣
أ
зһʹ˻֮аٴܵشٲ֮ǰɭ䡣
磬аԩ޳α˿ƣۼӶ۽ٴնɱһæĴ˳ȴһٸԸ綯ֵġ
λʤǿĲɱ֪ٴΣΪǿߣҲȫûʲôʤ㡣
˼еǿߣҲֹһˣ
ǵһңЩǰộɱ֣Ҳԩ޳𣿡Ǵһ˿֮ɫֳֵ۽ɭȻڷʵ
һ仰ȴǶʱ㽫һסˣǰ˵ԭԩ޳Ļô󻤷ֻشʼѾԷ
񣬸󻤷ڶԷУ£ϵôԩ޳
󻤷ѾУҿԳŵκβ鵽ΪֹҿԱ֤Բй¶ҪĮʲôа̶Ըṩİתһٴοڵ
һ磬ѾνʲôԹˣֻҪֻţݵĴ𣬱޷Ǿòѡ
󻤷Ѿˣȡʱ˽ᣬȻͳһЩ滻ȡ۴˵ĺǷǳȻֱӾƺЩԽǣ¼Ȩο㴫ȥҲžԵģڱȻǻܵġ
ò˵˵żջ
ǶԷ磬ȴȫûκá
¶һ˿΢Ц΢΢ҡͷǸ˵ֻһ˲ŻԶܡ
û˵꣬˼ȴѾķǳȷˡ
Ϊһ̿ͣԼױ©֮£Ҳκ˵ı֤ڴ̿˵ֻ˲Զ˵ġ
񷽴ݷǳУǱ¶ˣƱػ鷳񷽴ʵмĽȴҲԲǳô鷳
Ҫǣνа̸ûκκøУ
£߾˳Ӧģϸίߵ飿
۽ٴλӶת֮䣬ٴնһգ޷ܣΨӲһ;
꣡
һεĽ棬ӶܵشаڳܲסѹаȣΪ֮ϸԼһ˿Ѻۣ
ĺͽʧܣҲʱ׼һһĨ֮⣡
磬ҵģ
ŭ֮УһȻΪһѪа֮ӿȥ


 һʮ Ӳ۷
˻𣡡
һɵѪа֮Уʱ֮ǰаϱ۽նѷܹٶȷɿϣңƸǳɱļ
֮䣬вȻһ˿ɫŵ۽΢΢һҪŶԷûܳаȵں֮ǰٴκǿжϵ
Ȼڷ罫Ҫֵ˲䣬СħȴͻȻٴ
Сӣȱ֣Ѫ֮а֮һ꣬ܴﵽѪˡħô꣬ȵľڣ
ôһ仰ȴǶʱ÷ĽŲ
֮ǰΪСħϳڻŷ֣СħݵĽСħӣôνаꣿ
ܸѪĻȴ֮ϲˡ
룬ȴҲţֻԼûܷӳѡռ䱻ûܸݳȥЩа̵ˣǵؽ׵ʵټѾ󻤷Լӡ֮а֮飬ôϵһһѪаصǿȣܹﵽ۷ǿߵĳ̶Ҳ㲢ϡˡ
ȻҲȫûзգϾһһѪаǿȴﵽ۷ͬʱʵҲᱩǣδؾͲ۷ǿһʧ֣Ҳδûпܡ
Щڷ˵ȴ㲻ʲô۽֣۷ǿߣҲаշһս
Ψһ÷ЩεǣЩа̵֮ˣȴֱǸη
ףˣҲͬŻֻܹתһѪ꣬Ǿǳ׵Ļɢˡ
οҪѪһȫ׼аǺεȵĲ񣿿һȴƫƫôϵôˣû˿ˮ֮УߣǾĿܽһѡ
ĴһаΪУǾǿֲ֮ģһķʽΪսᣬ׻磬Ϊа̼鷳ΪҲϧ
׿ĶᣬƾĹҲòˡ
Щ˵ʵϣڷҲһת˲Ϣ֮䣬Ѫһ㳹ױаɣһ̣а·ϹŻһ㣬ǷɱԵ۽Ҳ˿ɫ
ˣ
ָһ۽һΪһɫֱаȥڴͬʱΧȥЩɮߵ䵶ҲͬʱһаΧɱȥ

ȻЩֻ䵶֮£͸Ľȴһģ
ҲǷֻش֮Լطĸ˺ܶ࣬Щɳ䵶ܸ⣡
ֻ⼸ʮ䵶ͬʱ߶Χɱƿɱʱ쳣ˣŵ˵ֶεҲѾɱˡ
ңľѧɱ䣬ҪǱȴԲ֮£Ҫǣȱɱ䣬ʺϷľ
֮ǰعĸ򲻹Էӳǣ񷽴ȴ̤żܹӳһЩˡ
ɱ죬Ƭռ䣬·ֲĽ֮£Ҳʼ˲
ƾʵаʵܱգǣȫײټϵ۽ƣȴʱ˱ʵɱ䡣
һ֮䣬գ
ǻ׸ڴˣֻҲñ˲ɣ׸ȫ棬ֻҲδܹȳ̶Ȱɣ
οŽֻǵؽ׶Ѱ
¡¡
аõһѪ˽ʮݿ㽫סļʮ䵶飬ǷݽȫȻҲֻ΢˻ζѣ
ǵƾһ£ñֻǵ۽Ĵڣȴɽֲˡ
ڶ䵶֮еĵ۽һɱУŽɫâͬʱƵĵ۽ͬڲ֮µĵһ㣬Ϊʵ̫ӲǷҲûзֺı䡣
أ
аȻſѪҧ۽ȻƷԶԶ޷۽ȣ񾭹ѪȴӲȫͷ˳֮޷ӳ۽̫ķ˵ʵȴԶԶ

תȻа˺ҧ֮£۽ĹâȴվѾһС뱻а˽ȥ
ֻ֣죡
һգۣ˲һӰһĳϵȻεߣţȻһȴվǸǧһ֮
ֻ죡
ֻش֮Уܹ޹˼ɵĽӵ£Ȼصʵʵᵽлɬѣ
һηȴǵĺеĴӡȫͷųﵽֻش֮µ
֮䣬컻أɫ䣬ҹ䣬ֿµرãҲأ
ӰɢڴˣһƣֻҲþĿɿڴɣԵؽ׵ʵһɢ֮еĴӡͷų֮ʩչҲֻѷһѡ
ֱ޷ģҪ֪ǿߵӰɢ̤۷֮󣬲ģӰɢ˵ĹҪʩչһƣҲ̤֮˵ӳȫǿ±нӽ۷ĳ̶Ȳˡ
ǣȴĴ
Ϊأ
һƳ״ᵽǷݰһ֮򣬻عš
ֻ죡
û˿Ļɣ۽аûϾ˼һˣֱӱ㱻һϣ
һ죬һ֮£Сصĵ۽ʱа³ͬʱаҲٴα˳ȥֻǣҲֻ˶ѣһβаٴŷ˹
һ̣ɫ䣬۽ֻ죬ոһν棬ҲѾǼȫˣȻʵ۷аȴȻ޿κΣĸоʵ˼
һֱ̣Ҫֱسɴ뿪ˣһƴʵֵ̫ˣ
٣ֶΣСӣСˣȻȲ۷ǿߣҲѰܹˣڵЩţܽ⿪ӡˡӶųСħ漴ҡͷ߰ɣѪղˣ취˵ɡ
һʼСħʵûд÷ȡѪ飬֮ʵϣҪ۷ǿߵĽܹ֮ʲôĳ̶ȣϾսʵģԶƾһЩֶܹŤתģ
ѾСħˡ
Ȼȴûдʹ뿪һĨâ粢δ𻰣ֻĶϮа񾭱˼£
ιιСӣߣ뱻ɵɣ绹ɵվԭصаСħЩˣҪĳȥչħ֮һռס㣡
΢΢Ȼ͸һǿҵţ־Ȼʩչֲٶȷаӭȥ
һѪ飬նˣ


 һʮ 羢ɱ
ǿɱ
˶ѾɱɾˣѾõĻᱩ¶ʲôƵ⣬Ȼ۷ʵаҲͬȫް취
ж־ļԾаͷ
Ѫ֮аȻʵ۷壬ʵȴѾʧȥˣܶս
һڣַľٶмֿܲԣаȫûʶˡ
練ɱǻʲôģſѪɭȻҧ£޴˺ΧγһС͵š
۽аҶҧסһҧʵˣһٸҲýˡ
ȻȴûдǸҧĻᣬ֮䣬һȭȻка֮ϣ
羢
˺Ŀռ֮˲Ϣ÷ֵһȭԽĲĥռ˺߶֮ټ̺еĵϣһȭ˲䱬ȴֱӱ㽫һСƬռֱӴˣ
ʮ
һȭѾֱӽƶһĳ̶ȣ
ǴܲˣοһȭаԴȥˣ
һ֮䣬ټһͷʱ䱬˲ɱ
˻𣡡
ͷʼϢ֮аͬʱʼ˱ѪϾڱģôһ飬Ҳ޷Уаٴλûȵңһ֮£ҲѾѳĿӣ·ʱܳױˡ
Ѫô
СħȻɵվԼļͷεؿѵ
ôܣôܣֱ˿СħȻӦ˹һΧаȷ˺üȦŵֹš
˵֮ǰ籬ܹܵķΧ֮ڵĻôһĴ羢ȴǳװɵˣһɱ۷ĴڣҲ̫̬˰ɣ
ðɣаȲ۷ǿߣһȴǲٵİôһȭ䱬ǲζţķ۷ǿ߽ʱˣ
СħļʶһҲһŵĸоѾݵˣֱһҲŵİ
СħҲǿ׵ģȻֹ߶û꣬ȴûеѪĽȣѪɫķڿۣصķļǷҲֺܹоĵɣΧ֮һ쳣ֲٶۣת֮䣬ԼγһѪĳΣ
ֱһ̣˿۽¸ڱ󣬾ԭϥ
ȻӱϿƺһ¶ûУȻʵϣһѾ˾ųɣһȭɱаͬʱȴҲ֮ͬܵ˲ˡ
⵹˵羢ʲô⣬ʵǷ籾ʵ̫ؽ׵ʸͲֲֿ֧ıʵϣǷ̤ؽ֮ʱ֮ؾ壬ԶѰؽ׵Ļһȭ÷ԼֱƵˡ
򵥵ıȷɣһ߰ĺͯӶһٽصĴһһͷǣ⼸ٽҲԶԶܹܵģҵʱΪһЩԭ϶ˣһҲԽԼŪˡ
һЦʵĸоʵıҡ
ԭ֮ʱǿ嵹ûãһʮȫȴǳ׳Լܳܵļޣʱܵ˷ɡ
ôһĹСħҲѪۣ·ɻ˷ǰѪֱӶ˷硣
ӨѪɫӣԼֻһСָ׸ǴСȻɢ֮ȴѹƵѰؽ
ô٣͸뵽ģһѾӽ۷ļˣؽ׵ʣǲ⵽ɣǲйˣʵǿֲȻֻһЩСˡôһʱ䣬СħѾӦ˹żֹŹֵɫȤ
ⶫô죿Сħĵ٩Ѫüͷʵ
Ѫѹ̫أϼֱ͸ƵģĶñ˶ס
۽ȻϢãҲֻ˱ģɲѪ
ϻȻӵħ֮ȥ㲻Ϊ˽۵ôûƲƲ죬СħӶų򿪿˵
΢ɫĹٴγڱӶ֮䣬һɶصϢӿ˲㽫ѪϢȥ
ָ㶯Ѫ֮һѪɫԣͶħ֮УڳıԵγһѪɫС㡣
Сӣھ͸Ͽ뿪һҲδߵĵˡӶųСħ漴ѵһôˣа̵ĽвԲܺ޲
΢ͷЩСħ˵Ҳף룬̧֮ȻаУһ£ԭѾƵٱаȳ״ݻ٣
һֶȫƴȫǿʤɴ˿ɼаȵĿֲȻὫ֮
ȻҲû֮ΪУˣҲδرû޸ֻǣȻа̵Ļа£˵ûһЩֽţǲǴǳ
Ϊһ̰ԼΣ֮Уǲ޴֮顣
΢䣬ħ֮һȻǷķԵȥ
ӽռԵ˲䣬ħ֮ȻɢһۺϵĿռ֮˰̼·ͬ˿ռһ㣬׾ٵɿųɹ˿ռ
ĸоڷ˵ҲһֶصĸܣֻǶݵռ䣬ʵĴȴԶسɴ֮ʱĸܸΪˡϾڿռ䷨İ塣
⻹ֻǱӡħ֮Ѿ˿ֲһӡƣԴȡ뵽ħ֮۶ҪõĶҲȻˡ
֮䣬ħ֮ٴʧѪѹָҲͬʱɢӰ٣·ûгֹһ㡣
ֱһ̣һ߶ٴչ־㴩Ͽȣʧããҹɫ֮С

飡
µ˲仯ΪۣһɿֲȻ֮Լ͸һɫķӰа̽ȻȻһĨεɱ
һ䣬ͬȰ㴳֮Уȴֻߴͬʱѣ
һ̣аֱ̲̽ס
һڽбĵÿһѾ˼ȻڸոգȴһĴҲЩܲסˡ
ͬʱĻаȣ
Ҫ֪аȱĶֻʱһʹöѣһȻһʱ͸оˡ
ѹֵɱһҲ޷ƣȻһţа̽ȻΪһѪӰգ֮ʧ֮С


 һʮ °
ռķҲµģֻҪܵλãƾҵµĵص㣡
ŭ֮£а̽ȫǲʩչѪ֮·̶̰ʱʱ䣬ӲϵϿ֮С
Чոʧֻʣһصʬ壬Լڵϵаȣ
Ŀ΢΢һа̽ʱɢȥֱӽΧﶼȫ˽ȥ
ĺۼЧҲոʧ˲ӵʱ䣬ΧԲԷϢˡ
Ȼа̽ôҲ޷κ쳣Ϣ·ԷѾ˼һ㡣
ĵ˽ʮӣа̽Ųò
ɫٴνĿ䵽Աߵʬϣа̽ϸ۲ΧÿһϸڣܹҵܹԷݵ˿
ڣνа˵˵ȴѹŵģһؽ׵аˣȻЩŹҲֵزǸһЦ

ĿɨһȦſһĳۣȴѾʬټˡ
аһģȻһ۾ܷӦ뵽⣬а̽ͫȻһɫҲ
Ѫ֮а۷ʵģԳ֣ҪҲǼ̫׵飬ԷȻ£ϮɱʵҲδ̫ǿ˰ɣĮ֮кʱֳǿߣ
һȣؽףһ˲䣬а̽Ȼһ⣬ʱ뵽һܡ

ƾ־һӳϰһСȻס
ϢѾˣе۽ۻûܹϲ˿쳣
һ鲼ķ翴һոմɽһ㡣
ֻϸͻ֣ᷢɫΪ԰ףԵ쳣ƣ·ʱܵһ㡣
ϥڴϣһȴǲһЦ
Ѿܵˣһ·ʩչ־룬͸֧Ѿû˿ˡ
СӣƺǴֳ˰ɣȷа̵˲²ݣڷݵԣСħٻ֪һЩģڷǰų˵
Ǿºˡڻشһ䣬ٴα۾ȫ
˵ɣСħȴԼףֳʰҲǷµô˵Ļһ˭

磡
ӿл³֣а̽һ˿֮ɫվǳĬ
зǳϣȴò˵չֳʵκ˾塣
ؽʵֱĻ֮£˸ɴɱȥǸµ۴ˣҲٲڶ֮ˡ
аҲֻе۽ն飬οҲܹظоĽⲨҲֻе۽÷˿ֲԽս
飬һҲԸ뷽ΪУ鷢չֵزȴѾЩﻢˡ
һͬʱɱаҲ飬ǲնɱ֣θڵͽܻᾪаĺҲܲ
ָĹǽЩף¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫа̽Ȼһ˦һг׻
̾Ϣһа̽գٴʧҹɫ֮Уֻ뿪ķȴķ򣬶ǻǡ


ȻѾ뿪ˣǣһȴҲάŷʱҩĳɣЩԭ֮Ůź򷽴ĸС㣬ûκһ˸ߵġ
ϾǼ˶飬׸ֶɱˣа̵ҲǿͿģ
󷽴粻֪ȥֻҪȷˣû˸Υ綨µĹأ
ܼ򵥣ǵǿǺܲģֻҪһЩٻµĹ򶼱̤ĲӣĻвŭģǸʱ˭ܳסŭ
Ա⣬ʱ򣬷ԼЩˣνа˿²û֮ǰô˵ǽаĹؼڣҲƽˡ
ڿʵ˵û̫ʧˣҵƸʢ˼֣ܰźа⣬ҲûܹʲôɧţЩӣúû룬ȴԽ͸˼֡
֮£Ա⣬ηܹƽ׽а̵ˡ
үǱɵҩ˵Ҹ񣡡
˵֮䣬ܼҿ첽˽㱨
ǽɣڣ£˳һ񵥾ǡ


 һʮ ǣ
һϮɫĵۣбŷ̤ǵѥɢһɳϢٲȻһõ˵ɡ
Ψһвǣƺۣһһʮˡ
λСǵ˰Ǯӡ
ſڣǰס˷ȥ·ֻڷֲʣȴʼղ̫̬Ȼ㹧
һ˿⣬δڣȻסȴʱ׻˲ֱ̱ڵϣĻȴһֶ˵ˡ
һзȴǸЩˣš
ΧȻȴҲȫûκ˸ǰġ
ĿɨֱԶԶ뿪һƨɵϣڴڵĺҪˮ͸ˡ
ÿµλʲôˣ
ͳˣҲûһۿ£ոտôֻжʮꣿ
Щԥ̧ͷһ۷ԶȥıӰһſ˵˵ҵô
ôˣᵽʱ˹ʵ
ǰЩӣǱյҩˣүϹܼԹȥǲôţһ£С˵ȫ˼Ϲܼˣ֮ûˣүҲŵ˶̱ˡ
ţôܣϹܼҿǿߣۻϵĸ֣⣬ʱ˷ԵҿϢɣ
иƨ⣬ұܾӵģϢм٣мƲƲ죬û˵
Ҿû㷴ӦƿƺЩļһһʵϹܼҿǿߣôˣһ÷񱨸
հ͵һĴȣЩ˵ص⣬ֱ֪ӱ˼סˣұ˴ȥ˼Ǹ
ǰɣļٵģ⣬˶ûϢҲ̫˰ɣҪ֪ڻǿҲļˣôĿûбȥϴǸôܡ
ʲôܵģһټֵ˿Χѹ˵˼һϹܼңֻУ
һ˲䣬˶۵С۵ģȫ˵ˡ
лǿߣǵǶǿĴڣ۷ɣǿɶǴ˵еǿ߰
˰죬˿Цſڵ˵úõЩʲô̫Żˡ
༸Ҳ׷׵ͷ͡
ûϵЦһ£ָŷո뿪ķ򵭵˵ҶұλǸĵʿ

һ˲䣬˵ĲӶЩ쬵ģոսȥǸʿòλɷǰɣ

ǳһĿǰһɫĵɮˣ֪٣ʱԶӭ
ȻΪһ֮ʵҲ׵ʵȻλͨɮȴȻ˿дǹĹ֡
ˣҲһɽҰɢˣȴ񡣡̧̧֣ɮż˵һαǰʵ󣬻
Ȼһ漴ЦзԸȻвʣֻǣޣ·˽Ĵ¡
ʲôЦԷа̽ʵĮģ˵һ󲻾ĻǵʦĮֻҲﶼ˵飬ƾһССĻǳܰʲôæ
ģΪģֻ£¶棬𣬰һ
·𿴴˻˼а̽ڵ
ģֻҪһ߾ȫȻһݣæڱ֤
ΣλŪõģʱֻ¾³
ҵ£˵ô΢΢ףа̽ƽʵ
ϹܼңڶԷ֣֮ҲûбǲŵǸ֪а̽Ҫ˵ʲôֻ˳⻰ͷ˵ȥ
ǴԣʵңԷֻС֣Ŀ˻һۣа̽ƽĿڡ
ûжһĽͣȻһ仰ȴѾĺëը
еĴţȻ˵ãȴһֱû£Ŷʵ̫ˡϹܼҵʵȻǿǺôҲǿߣʤ֮ȻѣҪ֮ھͻܶԷǾʵǳ˵ˡ
˵а֮£Ҳǰλа̽ˡ
ȻûҲɵӰа̽˼ҪԸˣ¾аˣ˼ҼȻлǿ־ͻܣǻɱϹܼңôɱҲ̫ѵ顣ּǿߣǵġ
ģֵġɨһۣа̽Ż˵ҽһУҲ֡
⣬ȴǿЦѣǰοˣ˰
аһǿͬ׵ĴڣңаӸλ϶бֶΣһʰˣǼȴվ˼ԷʵǺεȵĿֲ
֪ʲôܹϽģ
һڻǳʵ
Ҳа̽ҪʲôȻ˵ˣ͸ûоܾˣֻ֮͵ɥ
аһȫһ֣֮ΪϢô֪ô

СԺС͸ȥ
·˦ĽҶӣС̬һһٰʮȵĴת䡣
΢΢ףıŷסˣҪõľƣõү⣬͡
ѰǮƶڷ˵ѾûκˣýҳһЩϢǼֱ̫ˡ
ϣƺˡ˷ܵӶðˣС˸߲ҵıžƺ«ȥˣȻ֪λСǸʲôģ˼ҸĿʵʵĽҶӰ׬ò׬һƬҶӣֻҪãͣӼƬҶҲ¥浱Сˡ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬С㽫ƺװƨƨߵ˻
үľƣСĳƺ𾴣һͷƺҲͱˡ
˳ֽƺӹ򿪸һ£統ĵ˵ͷȻϺãĵܹҵľƣҲǲˡ
ǣƹ˶ʮҶࡣĵͷС˵·𶼿Цһ仨ˡ
ү£⻪ļҩ⣿üͷʵ
ҩ⣿üͷ룬СŻش⻪ǣҩһֱҺͳģҩȴǺкõĳۣүҪҪõҩֻǲ׵ġ


 һʮ Ű裨һ
ң
ǹһĨŹֵЦ⣬ƺֶСһöҶӣȻȥ
һǣĿľ˭ҪֻǣȴҲЩùˡ
Ȼǲ˵飬񷽴ǲ֪ģ֪Ҳϡ
žƺֳַ·;ôҡڵĴҵĴš
ҰˣҲģȻ͸Ҵ
ִ˼ʱӣ̶̼ӵʱ䣬ϰٵۼԺӵУΧ˺֮С
𣡡
ֺǰһţȴҲһɷׯ֮⡣
ԷʵŪ֮£˵ЩһˣǵؽǿߣֻҲҪܵӰġ
һ仰֮䣬ȴǵ㰲˲٣ֱ˿̣Ŀڵүݺ£̶ѨҲֻУһô벻ã
⻰˵üΪţȻ˿̴ӷĿ˵ȴƫƫ͸һȻĸо˿ͻأ
һѹΪȴԸЩˣЩζô
绰µ˲䣬һʵڸ˳գ֮䣬ֻһ˳Щ֮ǰ֮䣬ʱЩӷ֮оѹ
ССͣΪҵҲмֵ̡΢΢ףȻһӸµ̬ȣȻڵ
Ȼһ仰ȴǲûΧѪӣôҲʮ꣬練ֻжʮ⻰Ƿ˵Ҳ㲻ӷĿ˵ǾʵԵЩײˡ
·𿴴˵˼Ĵժ¾ƺһڣż˵ʲôүгɣǧز䣬үүҲǹ˵ġ
Ƥ΢΢һ⻰ڣȴҲֳһ˿֮⣬ĿǸ˲Ծ˼֡
ûаٵģΪ̿ͣ籾ڸıʣ˵ǰˣڱҪʱ򣬼ǰŮҲܹͬΩΩФ
ҪʵȻδ¶ݣôĿ߲֮У˲֪а֮
лΪϹܼңѰܹģҲ۷Ĵڲֶΰɣ
һʮСӣ۷ʵ⻰˵ȥҲŰ
ο۽ϵƺмƮ죬Ҳĥ͸ȻԽĲҴˡ
ʵаˣĬƬ̣ڻǻʵ
ȻһЦ漴ҡͷϴʲôܼңΪ̫ӣǳŲˣСأ
ĬݣǼȴǸûаЩ¡
һЦűȭҳϣ꣬ϴ֮£С£¡
ϸ˵ϴҲǷ˼ҵҩ㲻ҵĴֻǣȴԶʵϣչֳʵѾҼɵˣҲӦ֮ˡ
ЩС¶ѡΪƲƲ죬漴˵ҵĳϣҵ£
˵䣬ʵֱȻ䵽˶ԷϣܲûпԣһɿֲѹȴȻеһֲֿ֮ѹɫ䣬һֵͷӵĳ嶯
Ȼʵϣʵԭǲ˲õģֻķȴЩȡɵġ
ԷжԭǴڼĹ˼ɣǴһʼ͹Ū飬Ӫһֵõ˵ļһۣ⣬Ȼʵϣȴڲɫ֮䣬ȫһ˿Сħϵаܹ֮һٽԷƳ״ѹȥһ޿ɿļ
ʵкõ֮һ궨˶ųʵ
Ҫҩķݶ꣬˫ıǰһ벻ļƣ·˵òЩëƤСһ㡣
һ˲䣬Ȼɫ䣬ȻѾһЩ²⣬⻰˵ȴһץĸо
ڻǣԭѳҩԴųΪļ֮һģҩķݶڶҡҵĸ
ˣֻƾһ仰ѾǲݵˣȻڷ磬ȴҷ
ãҪЩôס磬ʵ
֣¶һ˿֮ɫ漴Цãǵү㿴ʲôǹ֣
µ˲䣬һ̤һɾĽȻ˺Ʋ񷣬գ֮䣬ڳϵĵͬʱټһգԼγһϷǹɿֲĽ⣬͸Ƽɷ츲ء
ɲ֮䣬Щ㱻ֲĽѹù˴룬Ҳظܵһɱ

߶֮䣬ƱѾںɢ֮ˣο쵶ɵƣԵԽĺƴδսƽơ
Ҫǣˣ米ĳҲȻû˿ʵ˼
ǺεʵеĹؽڣȻһ۱ܿһ֮䣬һôһʣǺεȵľ춯
𻰣ǳаٴ𣬡ƾһ仰үұҪɷݶԼּۻԡ
裬·ѹͲںԷ̬ȣɭȻĿ֮Ǽ벻мһ֮ǰ˵
㲻ǲǹôãҾ͹ָ㿴һиֵĶ࣡
꣬°ɣ
ۼȻᣬҼڻ̲ס̾Ϣһڵ
һʼǱָʹ̽ġ
ϾΪҼһ棬ǱûзڵأһھͰѾŪʰĵزûаֻˡ
֪ҪҼɷݶ
һİɣ΢΢絭ʵ
£Ҽγ˿Ϊ⣬γƽش
ԭɣˡɨһ꣬Ŀڵ˿ûа㵱ǿС
ɣ
γ⻰ҲûֱѪǳҪһԴ
ôΪѣؿγ絭ڵߣҲּۻۣ
⻰˼ѾǳˣԷͬ⣬ֻɵķݶҲͬˡ
ɾѾԽҴתˣǼɣҸɴ೹׽ɢˡ
һ˲䣬γȴҲɱʱиƴһͷ
һаˣ
ûγشԶٴһż֮⣬һԶ̤ն

˵˲䣬˷֮⣬˲ͬʱɫ䣬ͬʱ
ףңλҲ÷ģ˿д̬֮


 һʮ Ű裨
üͷ΢΢𣬷ȴȻû˿ں˼
ʵϣԷĸ֪ҲѾ֪ϹˣȻ֪ԷݣԷʵȴȷη塣
΢ЦԱţԷ磬ȴҲȫûаļӡ
Ҫҵ£ָᰴڷ֮ϣƽĿ
̸ϸ棡΢΢ҡͷ漴ǵҩ֮⣬ҲռкܴݶߣɲֻƤӾеġ
һ˲䣬ȻһĨâһǿѹѹбƵϰٰѵҲͬʱת
һ˲䣬㱾ܵĸоһıζ
ԷΪǳûҪΪһҳͷԼ档
ȻЩͷҲתϣȻû¶˿쳣
Σ
ܼ򵥣óܹŷʵŷ磬˵
ȭȴҲһģҪ˵£ҲǼٵģа̽˼Ƶġ
ô˵Ҷˣ۾гһ죬ͷ촽ɭȻʵ
̸϶ֻ֣ҪУˡҡҡͷڵ
ô鷳һȴȫȻûиϻ˼֮䣬ȻȥˣһγҲͬ˽ȥ
ӶԷйȻѣǷȴΪնԷ趨·ߣ³ˣ
ǿƳǷΨһͷ
ܵĲթǼ˷еİ⣬ֱӺȻ֡
䣡
һ˲䣬ϰٰѵͬʱÿһж̺ǿĽ⣬Ͻ֮ƣһȻըԱκǿߵĹˡ
οڷ˵ҲֻǸոտʼѡ
Ʒʱ䣬潣ߣ־ȫʩչգ֮ʮӰһ֮ĳ˲Ϣ֮գ
ֻ֣죡
˵۽羢㶯⣬ҲȻǳȫˣѹû˿̽˼֮ҪֱӻԷֿ
ķǺεȵƾܹѪ֮а⣬Ȼһǿеֿء
ǻϹܼңֻ¹û£Ѿֱӽ֮ˡ
һ˲䣬ɫ䣬յɱӿγȻɫ䣬ƵĽȫΨгٻ
γˣܵѹֻѣȴǷصչ˶ټбͶԷη壬ŵĻĺëը
죡
彣һԾʶһŽĽȻΧסԼعתԳһСһ㡣
عһѰĵؽ˵޿ɵֿģοͲѰܹģ
һŽÿһ֮ж̺бըԵһһǿ
ƵײУĵÿһεĽӴһȵµʱʵϣѹѾȻ飡
ȻһƣȴǴ˹ؽ֮һɿֲɸĻأ
Ҫֻ֪һʽӰɢ۷֮Ŵ̺ĴӡǿԶǻܹġ
Ƿʵ̫֧ųеƾһƣ;Իɱˡ
۷Ѱ֮Ĳ࣬ǲɼģοʵӰɢ˱۷ǿ֮жϵġȻΪʲô˶ܴңӵ׷ɱ֮ô
ߣˣŽͬʱĽϵһտտһƵһ߰˰ˣ
ˣҲͬһ˳ʮԶų׻
µǣһ֮УѾظо̺ĴӡǵĿ£Ǹ޷󼰵ĸ߶ȡ
뵽а̽Ļô뵽ʵƶȫȻΪˡ
һϮֱӱλǿߣȴҲȻûаֽ˼̽뱳Ȼס͸һĨɱҪٴγ֣
һΣסˣո˼ûгѾƵ߾ȫˣһǻеĻô
㵽Ϊֹˣ
ͷĻ˵ʲôӵ⣬ʱ˳ͬʱһ˳ʮ׵ľ룡
Ҳˣ
ˣγǲ˿ԥ̱ȭ䣬ȻҪҲòǡ


 һʮһ һ
죬ȴЦ
Ȼмֱ£ֲøƲŻɿڽϵ֣һɱҲ漴˴롣
ˣʵ䣬յüЩе֮¡ľһ亹æ֣
ӽƵҩһǵģ˵Ҳһˡ̸Σҩķݶǿ϶סˣγӦ죬ת˻棬һļƣΪ
Ȼţ˵ȴģܷġ
ɫ˵ͷȥ
һʼҲûеΣһѾȫﵽԤڣûҪټȥˡ
˵ոһĺܵɪҪɱҪɱγҲ治ʲô׵顣
Ҳˣˣ̨˼Ҳˣǻвģ
һ֣ͣ׼˵ģ裬ȫ˿
ȻҵЩ˵ҲһŅ̀ͷһ۶ҵľ硣
ǿӶ˰ǿߣ˭ҲСźţ
ʲô£ֱ˵ɡ
ûȥ˲豭Ŀ㾶䵽ϣڵ
˵ЦˣʷᣬʲôĿġ΢΢һݣ漴Цҡͷ
־ҩķݶ˵С֮ˣ̧ۿǼ
⻰ζɾŨĺˣȴò˵Ҫ
õЦˡҡҡͷƬ̣򷽴Դ֮£ұһֱעŵյһǣ֪ˡ
ʵ̫ɺˣûɷ͸Ϲ⻰˵ȥֻҲû˻š
豭һڣȴȻûд˼ȥ
ʵһ£ҧҧ漴򷽴¹ϵشԣŲòһ̽ˡ
ˣв˰ɾƣȥȡλԺ󡣡γǺε˼һͷԣѰ˸˳ȥ
ܹ֣صĶԴɾԲʲôС飬ǰ㲻뱻ǣȥģֻɲ˵ģ٣γϸĹϵûǸϡ
ҲһɽҰɢˣʲôܰϳˣһаţĵķʵ
֪аô΢΢ţȷΧûκˣųʵ
һ˲䣬ȻһâĿȻ䵽ϣаӣŻڵ֪Щʲô
ס㲻֪ԼϮɱһҲ֪Լа֮йġ
а֮˽񣬴а󻤷Գ棬䲻֪ȻѾ˻ǣûκε˵ġ΢΢ҡͷа£ӦҲϼѾǵΧΪʵܵݱʶҪ֮һսٱһһ
һ˵УҲȫ⣬䵽ĶУȴȻ𲻵á
үҲǻǵˣҲ¡мƲƲ죬Ŀ˵
а֮Уа֮󣬿ɽʵ۷壬ңлͻ׵ѹЩ˵
⣬һ˿ɫĶãŵҡͷٺãҲȥòǣа̽ʦΪ֮ɵүûǸ¶Ըġ
һ£˵ονаǵôЧֻа̽Լ˰ɡ
ÿһа̽аųΪģֻҪΪ˽Żֵڶаһа̽΢΢ҡͷ漴͵ңҲһҪӦаֻ̽Ҫõõδر㲻ֻ֮ܽҪ֮ʱа֮жȡаǡ
˵⣬Ҳ¶һ˿̰֮ɫ˵νػһǷϻܹյĸڡ
һЦϣȴһӣȻ𻰡
ֻҪԸа˳ɰܹᵽаʱҶƽ֣ͬʱае㿴ô
ۼ绹ûзӦڽĵƽ˳֮⣬۵ҪʲôҲԴӦº󣬵һ֮аֲ̽ԣҲҲˣʲôɵĵģ
һ˿Ц⣬翴Ȼֻ֪شɣ


 һʮ ˭ӣ
ֻش
ڷ˵ʲôˣǶ˵ȴһеĽ֮
Ȼܹа̽ôҪԼģҪľֻشˣüֵ
νаȻаܲôʣȻǷȫĵط֮ǰֻؾ˵а̵ֻ֮ܲ
ңֻشɲʲô⣬һ룬ǲŵǧٴֻ֮µĳĥ
ȻЩڷ˵ʵҲʲô⡣
ص㣬ɵò⣬˿ɲ֪Ĺϵġ
ô仰˵¸һס
ĶˣҪõаͲòֻͨش󣬴Ϊа̻֮󣬾֪۷ǿߣҲУΨеȫˡȴҲ̹ʵĿڽйؽڴ˵˸
ֻǸ߿ˣ֮ǰҲֻǽҶѣһΣɾδôˡȻڻ˵мʵģǣ⻰ȴǸӦġ
УԼ֮ǰҲǳŵ˴ľҪ˵˾Դֻشĳ̶ȣҲ̫ЦһЩʵֵز˵ɵӣЦ
αعǫ΢΢ҡͷ漴˵֪а󻤷һֻش߽۷ǿߣɽȴȻʧܡܹȻŹֶεģΪаҪزǡ
һ˿â漴Ц˵Ǵĺ⣬ǵүҳɹˣаҪһ룬ʧˣֻشˣҲǵүңûзֺĹϵޱ˭Ը
Բӡ
˵ȴֱӱִǴһ˿֮ɫ絭Ȼ˵үûȤȥƣүϵ㣬ϵĽϲ㡣
⻰ڵ˲䣬һĨɱһƳ֮䣬ȴȫֱȥ
ˣӦҵɲҪˣ˵ãүһȥ㸮һ⡣
⻰ǳвˡ
ҩķݶɸǷõʲôаȫûκιϵҪ˷ڣǱеһսˡ
ȻʵϣҲǳڵĿ̫СȳϵĻȴǲò˵ġ
ģ˵ĻһЦһ£漴ش
ô˵֮ǰбɲٵģƾһ㣬ѾĸԸóɵҩݶˡ
ο˵ҩķݶҲ㲻ʲôûЩҲ˿Ӱ쵽õλ
ȴԳȥһ֮䣬󳤽Ȼɳ£գ֮䣬ȴֱ̤ƿնȥγһкȤûС
ˡ
ȥγſЦٴλصԣȻ֪˵Щʲôܹǲɢһûġ
΢΢ҡͷ׼ҩķݶǣһҲһϣ㵽ʱһȥǡ
Ҳûи͵Ȥ仰ҲͬУת۱ʧ֮䡣
˵̶ֳȵʧ㲻ʲôô£ҪǶԷһھʹӦˣֻ²թˡ
񲻹һַʽĽӽ˷ѣֻҪ绹ڻǾͰѲߣȻֶյġ
ҩ׵ǿ˵Чʵ޵ĺܣңʵﵽ۷֮ǰԷȻ뾡취ռҩôʣʵǾûдﵽ۷ġ
Щͨҩʵаֶջа˾ܶԴ˺ġ

˵ֻҪҪĶǾ뵽취ƻ

аֶ
Ųڽͷüͷ΢΢ʵ
пССħûʲô˼ɵģ˵аȻҪͽǾܵóһʵĺôЩͽ˼ƾʲô㣿ȻҲ֪а𾿾ʲôڣֻǰ˵ʵ۷Ļ̫ѣԶ˲˵λֻҲֶΡ
⣬ȴǲһȻǿн˵ʵ۷壬ֶμֱţԭûСħôһ˵۵ֶȴԽ˼־η
ô˵ʵȱݵˣüͷ΢統㷴Ӧ˹һֱйؼ
ϻ˷ۣСħûĻشΪۻʲôƨа񲻳ɣַʽֱ۷壬㳹׶ϾʵĿܣңͻȻõҪӦҲһһϦɵġ
΢ףҡͷ˵аǼһĴˡ
뵽ʲô粻ȻһЦ漴߽ԱߵһҾ¥֮Уҡڵ
þƾϣ⣬ȥүѰһɾʵסġ
־ǴѵĽҶ£ֱӱ㽫¥Сˡ
ҶӣĽҶӰ˵ֻҸסˣҪɱˣֻһҧҲˡ
ˣԸȥŪүһЩҪ죬ˣ͡

ǸаòĴӸǵ飬֪Ҫʲô
ĳһլУɮ˹ǰ
аһ飬а̽ĵ˵ͷͬûЩһ㣬ˣȥɡ
а飿ڴаɣ
аȻеģֻûõġ
Ƿһ˿⣬а̽ҡҡͷǹ˼ңۣԳֺ֣鷳
ʵϣֱӽϢųȥȻ֮նɱ硣
ֻ뵽ܻһѣҵɱѵĺˣա
ܹҲһؽ׶ѣʵʵҲͰˣȻˣҪȥǿɾûôˡ

а̵£
еĲ豭Ҳһ˿Ц⣬ţ͵֪¡
˵֮ǰ̫ȷĻôϢ㼸Ѿ϶ˣаˣǵĶˡ
ֻҪľͺãҲ׫ģԽֻԽļᶨԷѡ
Ҫģǵȴѡ
ȵа˴¶ˣȻԼϸڵģʱ̸Ļᡣ
Ѿչ˭ӣֻҲֻˡ
ַ²豭ȻԸҩץЩ׼þ͹ȥסҪ˿˽Ǻǳе𡣡


 һʮ ؽ۷
Į¥Ҳľ¥ˣѰ˸ͱȥȻ˿̣¥ȴѾٲӴκι˿ͣңſפ
⵹˵˶ٽҶӣʵϣбľ¥Ǯġ
ǣҲܲסͬʱ氡ƽշˣǲκ˿ĳܼңʱǹģֱҴһڣңһ˴ҩĿϾӡ
⻹㣬ֱɳפȴûκҴԱڳѲصʱҪְĶࡣ
ЩȻǲ֪ܲģһԴ˷ѹûаֵۣҩҲû㣬ֻʱʱȡһЩҪҩĴ֮
¯û׼Ϊڷ˵ЩͲҪ
̤뵤ڿػ֮Ѿ¯࣬һЩĵ¯⣬Ѱ¯𲻵κá
ɼľƷ鵤Ȼǲģǣڷ˵ҪƵȴֻܹؽʵĵҩѡ
ڱ˵ȵҩǺ鵤Ƕڷ˵ȴʵ㲻ʲô
γҲ벻羹ȻȵҩϾУҲ׵ǿߣֻʱ̤۷壬ʵҪҩʵǿɾԶѰ鵤ˡ
֮ôƶһаҲˣϾһʵﵽףܹЧĵҩ;ϡ֮ľƷ鵤ˣǿġ
ǵķͬѧȴȫû˼ȥЩ߰ġ
ҩƷʿɾԲѹεЩԱģڲĵ£ĳɵʾǿµˡ
һĵؽ׼õôҩҲҳԣΪ粻ѼʽĳԷֻ˱Ƿȴȫûֹ˼ɡ
ľѾﵽһľ磬۶ڴӡ⣬ع⣬ֻҪܹ׽Ӱɢ˵ľѧʽʩչҲܹ׸˰ɣ
ûķȻֻǵؽ׵ʵʵսȴѾﵽѰ׵ĵز
һ˵ǷĽǻ۶ѣǽЩҩǶҲȫõĻʲôá
ڳһֱûһʵĻᾲʵԵʻ֮£ľԼڷ򣬴ĸ򲻶ͻɱ䡣
񣬲ʱ䣬ҩȱȴǳ׷һҵ˼ÿն֮Уô룬ûзϡ
ȻγУչҲֻһڣΪÿչ֮󶼻͵͵뿪ϾǾ¥ˣЩſڵҲûʸ١
ոһգգ֮䣬Ѿ¹ȥˡ
ˣ
ȫµĹͬʱһ죬һɵҩƮݶĿ֮䣬һĨ˵ľâȻƲ񷡣
ȻһץΧĿжʱһ֮·ΧĿҲһץ֮±ѿһ㡣

ĳһ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫü֮ȻһЩƣ룬Ǹȴϲ
ؽ۷壡
µʱ䣬ڳ׽ʵ˵ؽ۷壬ֻһ̤ס
ķ磬ԼѾܵٵϢֻҪһ䣬٣ɹ֮ǿߡ
ֻǣķȴԼоԼƺ˵ʲô˵񻹸ͻƵʱ
ȻǵңӵĻڶ֮ǰ۵ʵԽܹ֮лõĺôԽ
ԶĲ˵Ƿ֮ǰ̤ؽ֮ʱõĺôѰؽǿܹģ
˵ɽ֮ʱٵĿֲҲѰؽܹġ
һͷ˵νĻҲž޴Σ
񷽴ʵɽ٣ҲȻǿֲ֮ģ÷һִڶɽ٣ԼֺܴĿܻ֮»Ϊۡ
ʵϣֹǷ磬ڴؽ۷˵ٶһµجʮؽ۷֮Уܹȹ̤׵Ҳֻжѡ
ңԽţ˳ɹĿܾԽСһþ𣬷ЩǿҲͲôˡ
һֱߵĵҩ΢Ƭ̣ץľƺһڣȥ
̶ֳȣѾҩܹʵˣȥҲ壬ڷ˵Ҳƾֵʱˡ
£Ҳʱȥһˡ

ˣˡ
ŸոߵſڣϢѾֱӴĶУʵϣʱҲˣ粢δԼϢ֮ϣѾȫܹظоĵˡ
ţȥӭӵ
¶һ˿ѵõϲãȻվЦŷԸ
£ڻ̲סô
ˡ
΢˹֣Ǽ絭ڵ
˵ˣǼĮλʦ̬ȣѾˡ
ʵһУ仰۵ﶼд
ɷˣĻһǡЦŰ֣漴˵ݹ٣ԣϲ֮롣
΢˵ͷ絹ҲȥҪл˵ҩЩҩȴҲˡ
⻰һȴǲһЦҲ֪Щҩûô
ϣȴȻһҡͷô˵ȴǴҵôҩķݶģΥԼ
ϷԶѣҪЩҩҲϰģСɣȴòЩˡ
Ҫ˵ԼʵǱȻŵģһڣ˵öԷϼ֡
ҪϲˡҲеŲţٱϵ̬ҪʮʮģΣҩԺ㲻͵ˣ֮ķݶǰɸΣ
Ŀһۣ΢ͷδֻǼȥ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬˱Ѿ˴֮С
Ѿò㣬ȥֻʣ·ˡ
Ƭ̣ŻڵҲ㣬һΪа֮¡
ָû棬ƽڵƾʲôţܹа̽
а̽ⱾҪһǲȻһᣬܣôٱֳɹĻᡣ
һ仰ֱҪȻЩϬȴҲ֤ˣȷʵаˡ


 һʮ ʵ֮
͸һ˿ϲɫ漴ɫ򷽴
ģûʮİҲûǸӿа
΢΢ףǰĲ豭ȴȻû˿𻰵˼ڵȥ
Ҳ۷о룬ʱҲ뱣ָ߶ȵľ裬˼һ˵ţҲʵ̫Ϸˡ
ԭղҲҪȥġ̬ⷽȣ΢ЦŽ͵֪۷ʢô
⣬ȴǲΪ֮һĮ˽ʵ޵ĺܣȻǲ֪Щġ
ȻʵϣҲûеȷش˼㾶Խȥÿʮ꣬ʦٿΪһµ۷ʢᣬʱ׵ǿ߶ԽԼĴ˵˴ӡ֤ҪǣʦǻԽΪĮ
ôһ˵±Щˣ˵ˣһ͵ֻᣬЩǿ߾ǸרһʦȨʦ
ЩƺҲа̽ɣ
շƲ⣬λа̽Ҳͬ۷ʵңʦɵҪ˵ᱻν۷Ҳ̫ˡ
⻰粢δ˵Ҳû˿ı¶ôĿһԡ
Ȼа̽˵ǹʦԽҲû̫ÿ۷ʢῪ֮ʱѵͽĻᡣ¶һ˿Цݣڵ
һ˲䣬粻Ȼɫ䣬һ˿ɫѵʦ
˵ģֺγû뵽۷ʢɻڶţЩ˻ڵʵǿȴǾδм
һЩ˴̣ò˶ãа̵ᱩǻᣬͬҲǽɣһĴ̾ͻ¸ĺΧˡ
ǣ˼ѵа̽ĸ޼ɵսĵߣ
ǹʦΪĮİܹа޼ɵ׳
Ȼǣν۷ʢᣬ޷Ǿչʾ̵ʢᰡа̽ʲôֻҪʢ֮ϽչֳѾ㹻ڶ˵ˣȵ۷ʢȻȥѰа̵ġҡͷƽĽ͵
ֱ˿̣۷ʢĿӰ졣
ûЩʵǿ֮ȥޱ۷Ĵչʾ˱˴ӡ֤ʵ⣬Ŀ¾Ϊɸĵӣ
ȻĮ˵ҲһʵʢᣬΪʦվĮϣȻּɵġ
а֯Ǿ;ˡ
һ˲䣬ȻͷԼЩԷˣǵˣа̽ǱȻҪһǵġ
Ȼа̽˵һҲɣǾʦ˵ĮĲˡ
۷ʢںʱ
üͷ΢΢ڻǻʵ
һ֮󡣡һϲæĻش
΢Ƭ̣ٴ䵽ϣԼһ˿Цˣҳϣ˵ǺջҲѾЩĶˣܱǸЩ
а̽˵ҲֳɹĿܶѣĳЩһʱȾʹӦˣǶڷ˵ЩȴԶԶ
ϾҲǿߣжԶǳܹģ˲Ϣ֮䣬ף⻰ްԣóĳ룬ֻ·̾ͻ뿪аֵľ
͵ҧҧ漴ӻͳһε壬Ϊ壬̺Ѫܹ񣬲аšҲΪаҲ׼ãԭΪƽֻشѼΪĴѼģԵʵټ壬ֻشӦвֺˡ
˵֮ǰֻǿͷϵŵһŴĻôһ̣ȴʵʵó˳롣
û˿ԥ̧֮䣬ֱӱ˷磬
ֽס壬ʱоһӿԺ˵ľΪ֮һ񣬳֮⣬ԼܸܵһصʡҪκζĽͣҲܹжϳĲ
öСӣ£ѪĪĺôȻѪ񣬱
˲䣬Сħ˷ܵʱڷԺ
ָᴥ壬ȴȻÿɷȫû̾ʹӦ˼ϵɫҲǵأͬûСħĻһ㡣
а֮⣬аһжУֿ֮ġȻûзӦһҧָת֮䣬ֱѪġ
ˣЩǲضƽڵ֪㾿ʲôҡҵɣ
壬ĳŵѪģЩܹ˷ģȻڷ˵ЩȴԽֻĻɡ
ֻΪһаЩۣ¸ֵá
ǣа̽ʲôˣȱ˵а֣ܲܵһ˳ȵаѵаа̽ˣЦ
οаֻܵõһ롣
ΪһаҪôĴۣñа̽׷ɱδܹס̫ϷЩ
аٺãҲȥòǣа̽һܹܵģ
Ƿɻ
һ˲䣬Ȼɫ䣬ĬãŻڵȻˣҲֱ֮ǰѾ˹ʦһжǹʦĬģֻҪõа֮̾ͻǣйʦӻȻа̽Ҳκβҡ
ʦô⣬ٴγĬ
˵ǵҲܹǿ˵ͨˣԸа̽Ͳһͨף˵һܹġ
ģôڹʦԼʲôأ
˵аܹסʦ۾
Са̽
֮ǰϮɱһʵѾа̽ǾԲµԼݣ򣬾Բôʱ䶼ûж
ˣ缴ǵҲûлݣȻа˵ߣ˵а̽ûУǲЦ
һ˲䣬ԼѾһЩ²⡣
˵Ĳ֣˵ǹʦа̽һβ֡
Լ˼ҲֻӶѡ
뵽⣬жʱһЦ֮䣬㽫˻Уſڵ֮һǣӦҰȫ򣬴ա
Ȼû˿ԥ漴˷а̫̽ùʦɴ£ʦȶĮΪ󹦣ֻҪԸȥǣȻõʦıӻ
һ£˵˵˷֮󣬹ʦֻ±ԳֶԸаܻ̽ܲ뿪Ҳδ֪֮ɷġ
ҵסӦ֪ʱжʱ֪ͨҡ΢΢ͷû˿ķϻת֮䣬㾶̤ƿնȥȫûһ˿ԥ


 һʮ 
ĮֵΪһΪԭһΪɽ
ʱֵ¡ԭѳΪҰɽҲԽԵòûֲûﻨ㣬ȴΡ롣
ҲǵһĻɽǧɽ֮ɫɽʯû˿ڵټɽ磬ɽʵҲûмˡ
統ȻѪҪʲô羰һ·ˣֻΪа̵̳ɽ֮С
Ƭɽ˽磬һƿշУ̾ͻᱻаֻ̲ܻС
ɽͬʱ㾶Կڽ͵
ǧɽܷеĻôһΪµطΧˣͨˣ߲˶ãֻ¾͵ɽС
ʮȵ£ɽҰټżûޣƬɽͬһ㡣
۷ʢῪʱ䣬а̽ӦѾ˰ɣ̧ͷƳһԶ΢΢ͷʵ
ﵽа̽ʵҲղܸϵοһǣͿʦҲƱز޼ɵȫ·ʱѾˡŵĵͷҲżø۷ʢῪʼ֮ʱа̳Ȼٶȡаǡ
ֻش󣬿ɾԲӻ־ܽ󷨣Ƿ磬һβҲķһµʱô
Ȼϸڣǲ֪ģļ㵱Уܹһ֮ڣƽֻشѾǲˡ
һ£
΢һ£վǻ˵ͷ
ֵĹؼڣԼһ֮ƽֻش󣬶ңһʱ뾫ӦԿܴڵģ
ǻˣ۷ǿߣҲϾаֻ̳شǲݽߵģһµʱ䣬Ҫʵ̫ѡ
ǶԷ˵ȴ⣬ΨһҪСĵǣа̽ǷֶΡ
˶Ŀ̫ͲŵˣһлСģ⹧ĺϢ˹֣Цſڵ
⻰˵źʵϣ޷ǾǺµϵѣǷʧˣҲǣͷϣһ쳣ʱܹߡ
͸һ˿⣬ȴվǵ˵ͷδ
УԼҲֻǸӶѰɣ
壬ǻδֵаɷݶԼĳѡˣŷֺôˣֻԼѣ̲ν죬ϧı˿ȴԲôռģڲ˵ֻΪƶѡ
һ㣬ȻΪһӰת˲֮䣬Ͷ˻ɽ֮С

һϮɫɮۣа̽ƽվڴ֮£еϢҲ֮ȥһͨɮһ㣬˿
һ·Զβһ
֮У͸һƮȴƫƫֻа̽һ˶УȫȻ˿쳣
ԸҲ
а̽΢Цô֮ǰĽͬˮưдһͨôƽ̤С
ΧһЩɮ˿һĻһȴվû˸Ҷԣֻǹתȥ
ĮʦӵеĵȨĮ֮ϣΪʦ֮أκ˸ڴšȻǹʦԸ⣬Ҳûܹ
֮ϣһСţʦŽ߷һۣʢˮɫɮۿ˿ݻ·ֻͨɮһ㡣
а̽ʦԵò϶ˣ봿ѩҲţɢһϢΧĿռƺҲһ͵ľס
ʦ˫΢΢ʮа̽ڣԳһɫ͸һĨϢܲȫӰΧһУǽӽа̽λȴѾȫϢڣʦɢ͵Ϣɢ
ϢֻǱ󣬽ֺαִţ̧ͷһа̽ʦ̾Ϣ
ִģǱ󣬹ʦ˵Сɮִţͬ³ˣȻЦݣа̽ķʵ
ȻһЦʦȴҲ⣬۷ʢἴ׼ô
ҪʦǷ׼ˡЦڹʦǰͬϥ£а̽һ˫أ˿⡣
ΪĮˣҲӦΪѣֻа֮ţҷΥƻ֮ȻΪƣò衣ţ֪Ѵ
ʱ򣬹ʦҲٿףֱӱ̬ȡ
֮λ޴ǣüͷа̽ȻǹʦһƣСɮԸʦΪУչ鲻Ҫһܾ
һ£а̽˵ִ£ĪҲӣΩĪ֮аʦҷ棿
аֺαҼ棿ȻһЦʦ
ʦôȻʦа̽ƽʣᵽ⣬Ҳû˿ԥ
٣ɸô΢΢ףʦʵ
ǻڴˣǵñʦһ仰ɣǵа̽Ȼֻһ
ʦ΢а̽ȴҲΣҲʦָ뿪ô
򵥵һ仰ȴҲʱùʦĬ
ʵȷа֮̽ϣʮİöԷӵĻᶼûС
ǣЩȴı䲻һʵˡ
֧ţѾ͸Բˣһ뿪ǣԶʮɵʵҲ㲻ܹʩչɣʵȴǸ޷а̽ġ
ӣа̷չ
ǣȴ̳Ϊ˵ȵ۽ô
ĬƬ̣ʦٴοڵ
һ仰ȴǶʱа̽ɫ΢䣬漴ЦʦֶΣȻҲµˡ
۽ãֻ½ǲµġ˿Ϊ⣬ʦƽڵ
⻰Ϊģȴݲ÷
ۼȻܹܻӰ֣ô˭Ҷԣ۾Ͳٴμ˼䣿
а̽ȻʵȣȴөԣǸаҲδܹܵס֮ŭ
ɱµ۽ף٣˭ֳе
Ҳңѵʦô¶һ˿⣬а̽Ȼ
ʵϣҲȷˣ𿴵Է纰ɱֵĶǿȴ֮١
ħεȵֶ뵨ɫɳȥ۽ģҲֻһϧħľôôԳ֣
ţȴҪȰһ䣬۽ˣôõġа̽ķ̣ʦƬ̣żڵۣңӿ¾ͲǽܹӦġ
ȻңԶڱ򣬵ǲòϣңӵʵȷʵ½֪ģ£ܹңˣȷࡣ
а̽ȴԲ֮Ĵ֮һ


 һʮ 
ɽ֮Уͬһˣȫûд˿
Ե۽Ϣ˵ɽ֮бûʲôˣУԷֶΣҲܹĴڡ
ǧĻɽʵûôչ־·ϢȫõĻ˲̶̲ʱ䣬Ѿҵа̳λá
ƵĻɽɽʼһ·ӶϣԺϰټ䣬˳ɽ·һֱߵ嶥λãа̵Ĵڡ
ûпͷϢվɽ֮£ȴȻܹԼоһļµ
ɽ·𶼱һصţݲַ
ܷУҪɽֻôһ·ȻЩͨĽͽܸʲôвͱ©ݣɻὫһеѶȼӴ
ɵһ·ɱȥȻˬ죬ȴϷӣҪǣķ磬ʵҲûʮİܹĮһзֿ񱩵̬̤ϡ
ڷ˵ʵҲͲʲô⡣
ݷɽ£˰ʱ䣬ųϮɱһɽˮ׼ҵӣ׾ٵĽԼݳ׼ҵӵˮģɽŶȥ

㲼õӰɣ
ô࣬а̽Ȼûаּ꣬Ҳȫû뿪˼
̸˭ӣӦñҸԭأʦʼδйֺƶڡ
֮ǰҲû뵽ȴˣôȷ۽ܴаգа̽а黺ڵ
ǽڣȻߣȴδˡҡͷʦڵأȴһ
⻰һа̽ȻһĨâŹʦãһһٵĿڵҷ
Ȼͬ۷ʵܹӦĳ棬Բʦ
ֻҪʦԸ⸶һĴۣ׻ķ
֮ԸΪǻˣò˶ãҪǹʦҪĴҲ̫ССɱ޹
ǣһ˷ʵȻкܴӰ죬ʱ˶֣ױԷûˣǹʦʲôֵĻδر㲻ܶаˡ
ٵأ֮϶վǡ˿ںа̽ŭʦȻƽ
һа̽ھ۷ʢҲֻв5ʱˣΪ֮ڣֻܴش󣿡
뱾֮һϵһ⣬˲佫ջأʵʱܹõǣס޷ع飬ʵͬмӰ졣
Ҳһ㡣
ɫĿа̽ʦ赭дĿڣ򵥵ͬ䡣
㾿ҪʲôһĨɱа̽ʵ
ܼ򵥣ֻǽ۷ʢѡʦֽߵĲָպˮڿдһ֣
һֶ⣡
˲Ϣ֮䣬ƱãӴӿڿγһɫ֣ʱͱһȫյĿռ䣬˵ˣҲȫ޷ֺ̽
Ϊйʦռ䣬βƣ˵аֻ̽һǱϵҲκβ÷ֺ
ŵ˵״֮µֻһִڲܴˡ
ʮʦΪʮʱ䣬ƽֻشǻô
ݵľŭа̽ȴ侲͸һ˿мɭȻڵ
ʦķӦԤ֮⣬ǣҲǶĲֶѣܹһеĻǷǱߡ
ûзҲ۷ʵƾһؽףе۽ѵκε˱
Сɮƺı仯Ҳͬؽа̽еĶչ˳
ʱа̽жһеαװȻԡ
αطŭȴǡ΢Цŷ²ۣʦ˵ǽеûһ˿ɵֺαؾŭֻһССϷǣ˭ûκʧ
⻰Ȼ˵⣬ȴòϣа̽
ûڷ磬ȷмɵ
񣬹ڷϢѾʲôˣӷֻʵ̤뱱Ȼһ·ϮɱԵؽ׵ʵնɱݸӰħųսǴħľ
һ׮׮һԿ漣һ·籾ѾΪһ񻰣
ֻشĿ˭Ƿ粻һԵؽ׵ʵƽһΣһʵңƴ֮£ʵҪأһնɱ
һڣ˭ȷһܼ漣
ңһƵ˾·˭ܱ֤ͶӰٽһΣ
һ̣а̽вЩˣѾԽԽҲЩ֪ճˡ
һʦƵСˡ
һа̽˵徿˭˭ӮҲûʱ򡣡
а̽ǺεǴ澳֮£ҲͬıڲЦһ£͸һĨɱɭȻвʦ˷ǲպѪϴʮǣԱ֮𣡡
ʦȻǿ󣬵ȴվˣ뿪ǣѨ
Ȼȴվһ죬ֻҪ岻ɣò̫ãܳ׻ָʱа̽ʵĮҲûмֹɱ¾
Ϊʦڰͬӵд󰮣вڹʦ˵ȷ֮Ч
һ˲䣬ʦҲ͸һ˿ɱ
ҷնԴ󰮼ȴɮɥĲ񣡡а̽ٴΣʦ̲סֲϧһд۵Ľ֮ɱˡϧ˴ȴֻһɱ֮á
ɮһ˿ма̽ȻҪνķаΪһ̸аûô෱ȽڣνնҲ޹أ
̾Ϣһʦʹɮʱ˲񡣡
ɮ
ǸϹɱľɮڣаĴڳ֡
ĮɮһѾȥ꣬Ҳͬ˾Ĥݣ
ɮѲڣĴˣҲѾݣ˿Ϊ⣬а̽ۿνĲֻֿ֣ԣһؽףҪܷʲô
⻰˵꣬а̽ٲһԣ۾ֱӱ붨ˡ
Ѿգ˵棬ʱһеĻа̳˷Ѿջȫػ̳
ʱ䡭ǸҲӦҪ˰ɣ


 һʮ ٣
վס˭ĵӣصҲܴô
һ·ڱĽɮȻŵؽ׵ʵ˴֮ԼֻʮˣϾҪ̳ˡ
Ϊһӣм뼸λϡ֮䣬϶ʱ͸һ˿а֮¶ֽ벻ͣȵ
һӣ
а֮Уһ׼ҵӵ£ڵ֪飬񷽴׫ôһ⼸˼֡
һ飬Ѿа̽һȥͨӸͲ֪һͷǻ治̫Ϊѡ
ʦ֣
΢ԥһ£ɮ˫ֺʮֻǣѾǣμ۷ʢᡭ
Ȼ֪ҷʦϻأҲΪ۷ʢ£Ȼÿ˽Ĵ£˭ܳе𣿡üͷ΢ϵؽ۷ϢͷŶһɮ
ʦ֣
ʿɾ̫ˣû˳ܵδ磬һͳ⣬˭֪ǲеӣ
Ҫǣİа̵̳гأֻشЩɮҲ벻˸ҵƭ
˵ˣҲֻСආѣϣȻниȥαȴǲԸϵġ
һ䣬˫ֺʮһŴǰȥû˿Ļҡ
һУУ׼˷򣬷ȴȫûܵκһ·ȥ
һţ̧ͷһߴǧ׵ʯ׸ƣ󣬱а̳ˡ
һȴҲκα־չ˻ΪһӰɽȥ
ⳤǧ׵ʯףһˣͲѰʸˣӵʯ׿ʼͱסаеĸˣ̵ͼȥǾȫڸԷ׼ʱˡ
磬գ֮ٽһԾҲǷ̤ʯ׵˲䣬ɽ֮еа̽Ȼ۾
һ۽ˣ
һа̽ȴıųһĨɭȻɱܹɫһ·űԼ֣һ㣬Ѿ̾ˡ
ԼڴˣȵЩϷֵʱ򣬷ֻҲѾҪˣʱ򣬸ݲЩϲãֻشͻԶǸʱ򣬷ҪӦģҲͽֻֻشˡ
ȻڽУȻͲˡ
һת䣬а̽ʱ˳ȥгϧһдۣɱߣ
˵ͬʱа̽һָһȻ֮ȻΪһɫаХֱȥ
һ˲䣬ȫɽķ㱾ܵĸоһΣУû˿ԥһ̧֮䣬һĳ
ֻ죡
ʱ򣬷Ͳ˿ԥֵľǿɢ֣һưգɽ·һ֮¶֮
Ҳǡһĳͬʱа̽һָ֮Ȼͬаһ˺ҧµаӭһơ
䣡
Ȼûʽ棬Ƿа̽ĵһνˣ
а̽ȻǿȴҲֻһǸնܹӳҲͱһǿһЩѡ
һ֮£аʱɢøɸɾδִŷԾ˼ʮ̨ף
Ȼô򵥵һ裬ȴҲа֮мϷӦʱ䣬˲Ϣ֮䣬λϳʯ֮ϣȥ·
Сôĵӣ
λа̽Կڣǲŷ쳣ģ˵ѾĳˣԽգֱ޲ý˺Ƭ
΢΢һȴҲڻʱֹͣ˼ϵĽŲĮȻϷʵа̳ϡ
ڱ𴦣ô׳ϣκβ÷磬ֱӷϮֶȫԷɱ
ǣȴа̳һֶȫնɱˣƱҲὫԼĴ˭ܿ϶֮⣬ûˣ
汻Ƶֵزֻ¾Ҫӣδܹߵˡ
ûлش˼ۿŶа̳ϣȴǲһ˿Цݡ
ҵ·ǲ
ӿ³һ仰ȻһХһ֮䣬ʱ٣Ϣ֮䣬ɽʱֲĽ֡
ƾа̳ԴҲȫû뵽羹Ȼʹôһ
ɽ٣
ʲôЦа̳֮϶ɽ٣
仰˵һȻֻеؽ׵ʵ
뵽⣬а̳ȴǼֱҪѪˣҲ̫˰ɣǣˣȴҲһ緽˵ˣæܣ
ٿǲκεģֻҪ㴦ڵλãͻĬ˵٣ٵǿ˲ͻɼαʱ򣬾Ҳˡ
ҲΪǼԼˣڱĵط˾ͬھһǿߵףǹʲôˣҲٶɹǿȵˡ
ǣģа̳
һ̶ֳȵףɽ嶼ٵǾ㲻ˣҲÿ̳İΣһŪɽһǾʵ̫˵ɣ
û˿ԥа̳ܷж˲ˣգ֮УûűĴȥ
ͬʱȴȫûҪþյ˼־ٴչȰһ·ϣ׷˹ȥ
֮Уƺݣǹɿ񱩵а̽еһвУ
֮УѾ͸һĨɫ
һ̣а̽ҲȻɫ䣬ҪˣһĨɫ˻ʶȴǷǳأǸԴ֮Ҳֲ׷ף
Žֻһؽ׵С̤׵٣ʲôЦףҲһֲ֮ĸо
ǣСҪʲôɽ٣ˣҲҪа̳ᰡ
һ£˲ͻֹ̳ЩҲ⣬ȫᱻУ
ʱӿˣᱻ֮У׵ٴֱӽ»Ĵ٣һɽ嶼׻ȥ
֮£ҲȥԶԶӿһףĿɾͻ׵Ľˣʱ˶
һ̣а̽ȴǶʱɫ࣬ûз۽ˣֱһӣȫƣôһֱڵģ
ֻش󣡡
˿ԥһ֮䣬а̽ǿпֻشΪ̴ֻشȷʵӵʱƭٵܣ
һֻ̤شôͿʱ㿪ٵϢȻҲǶ˱ܿѣǷ粻ȥôһ٣ֻشҲס췣ܿͻѣһĻ
仰˵Ψһǽֻشˣ
ʵϣҲа̽Ըа̳Ҳͬʱ뵽Щͬʱûֻشȥ


 һʮ ֣
ǧ׵̨ףʱʱҲ˲Ϣ׵а̳ϣǷ綼Ѿٶȴ߶˼¡
Ϣ֮䣬а̵ĳϱֻش֮Уֱ˿̣˲һһƨɵ˵ϡ
ģǼһǷôдŴһа̳Ϻ޺޵Ĵ
ǷӣšЦһ£һа̳̾Ϣе׶Էˡ
⻰һ˲һ漴Ҳ㷴Ӧ˹
ǰԵؽ׵ʵܹôֲףǸаֵ̳ط٣˵ᡭô
磡
ֻǸţǸ˵۽еķӣʵ
ҲֻĴڣа̽ǵﶼмֹ˼֮ģûֱӳ뵽⣬˸ոշȴǲȻӣҪɽٰɣ
Ҫ֪һǰƵģڱǣǵڶǿߵ٣һͻƵ˵ؽ״ţʱٵǿȣҲһ׵ļһܽİ
һҪһôǲҲҪᰡ
ٴλصֻش⣬һ̤ʯ֮ϣۿǰĴ¶һ˿мɭȻҪֻشôԸһΣסңһĪǻκεô
µ˲䣬Ȼ̧ͷһϵĽƣһֱ̤ӽֻش
¡¡
һ˲䣬֮еĽȴͻȻʧȥĿ꣬ǻڿзһֲ֮ȴվǻɢˡ
ֻش󣬴Ӹ˵ڻþȴֲͬڻþһ󣬱·ֻأ糹׸ףȷкܴƭЧһ˵붥֮ˡ
յĽƣֱȷϽƳɢа̽ڳ׷ոշͻȻôһ֣ǵ潫ŵĲᣬ׽ٽ£̳ˣܷǲǻ׽֮£ûͽ˵а𽻴ˡ
񷽴ֻشȴǳ׷ˡ
˵ֻشһܹס𷽴־ǣֻܹͬش
ˣֻش󣬱а£ҲһֱƣȻκӰ죬ǣ෴㷽ô֮УҲܵӰɣ
һһ֮䣬еĲɾʹˣ˵籾ʵͲǱʵǿˣֻش֮У֣Ҳֻ޵ķݡ
һˣа̽ϲ¶һ˿Ц
ԼðǾǸĹʦԼҪʲôĴۣ
䣡
һ˲֮䣬ɫ䣬ֻ̤ش˿Ӱа̽ʱڵһʱҵ˷ټ
һ֮ǰԤϵģѾһͨˣǻȺ֮У³ݡ
֮£ģ֮䣬а̽ܽĨɱֱԱ壬׵Ļ
ֻǣĿȴǻɱ磬취÷硣
һ˿Ц֮䣬а̽ȴȻʶ˳Ƭ֮УγһСĿռ䡣
ҸýаˡǷ磿
ͻȻа̽ǰҲȫû˿֮ɫֻǵؿԷֲֻǸƺֻң
һֻң¶һ˿֮ɫа̽漴ڵ磬Ӧ֪ڵĴҪɱ㣬֮䡣
ôа̽粻ɫĿڵӦûԶǰģֻһӰɣƾҲɱңҲδ̫߿Լ˰ɣ
Ȼ֪ݣѵΪ޷ôЦҡͷа̽мĽ͵޵÷ʵ뱾£ȥĲǷµķǱ
üͷ΢΢𣬷粢δֻǾĿа̽˵ȥ
Ī˵ֻش֮УƱҪܵӰ죬棬Գ֣Ϊƾؽ׵ʵлôŷ磬а̽ڵ֪ƾʲô֮棬ɵƴȴֻش֮УѾʧȥϢɢȥЩû뵽ɣ
ٹȻѾɢȥôĬĬظһ仰绺̧ͷа̽Ȼ̬
֪룬еֶΣȴڱ֮УƾڣҲκáȻףа̽ɭȻڣ֮š
Ȼˣβ֣ɱˣ۽Ҳˣ͸ֲм絭ʵ
۽ãǱڵ۽ȴȫûκȤ΢΢ҡͷа̽ƽ˵ɷģĿģûκγͻ֮ǰնɱҽһ֮£ҲԵʲôûֻҪԸ뱾Ա֤Įͨ裡
⻰˵ĺܿȴҲа̽ʵֻҪԹʦĮ֮Уûж˼ɵģ뷽֣Į֮У֮⣬طļ˵ǳͨˡ
ڷ˵ҲһջˣϾаҲûʲôɱһ֮£ҲܹĨȥǻʲôܷµģ޷Ǿһжѡ
ҪʲôƽĿа̽ƺЩĶʵ
ܼ򵥣Ҳһ֣һ˿âа̽˵
ʦγֲŹʦ
ʦܳǣͬģֻҪйʦһڣҲǣϾڵҲֱԹʦ
ǷͲһˣԷݣһαװǣңǱˣֻҪʦԳҲܴݶߡ
ңھУֻҪϣлܹɱʦãڹʦ֣֮Ҳкܴʻǵۻңӱŭ˵һġ
ʦ˵ûңӲܹģǣͬҲܹѾϵʱԲŵʱ
ôǴһ˿ЦƽĿڡ
˵ĺֱӣȴҪ
Ĭ˰죬а̽ſڵô⣬ңҲΨһĳ·
ԷĴڣеڶκЧֱӵķʽܹõĽ
Ȼһеǰǣа̽ΪԼѾռ˾Եڷ˵ûбѡˡ
ȻȡһƾֶĽȻЩȴҲҪõĶô
ţϣˣȴһᡣ
ô򵥵ѡԽǴˣԽԽǵľ
а̽УɾĴˣķ緢裬ΪѾû˿ĳ룬Ա
а̽ƶ񣬷ĬãͻȻЦ绨
˵أ


 һʮ ڣˣ
˵أ
⼸򵥵֣ӷĿ³ȴһĪ͸һɱǵһΣʵĽԼɱȫչֳҲ־ţһѾβʱ
ɲ֮䣬а̽ȻӦ˹֮䣬һָ㶯Ҫ¿ֻش
ȻⷽĵԴʲôǼȻѾ̶ֳȣҲͬûκѡˣðűۻңǨŭΣգҲҪȽ£Ĩɱ
۷ĶǿߣΣ£ȱ
˭ΪΪĴ˼ɶۣѰ·
һ̣а̽ѾеĹ˼ɣУ޷ǾΪΪۻңӵĹϵԼɱѣȻˣǾûʲô˵ˣ˿ļһɱҲɱˡ
ˣ
һָռһҵĲȻɫ䣬һת䣬·ͽٴֻ֮С
Ȼûа̽һͫױȻпһȻһּΪĴ
ڽֻشͬʱԼȻҲͬˣ
۷ʵټ϶ֻشϤҲƬ̵ͣȻӦ
飬ڸʲô
͸һ˿âа̽ɭȻǳŭ˲쳹ء
ô磡
ԭαװ˲ɢһϮ£̤䣬۽ǰɢ䣬ڷƮɡ
ɫ˲֮а̽ۿŷ磬ȴվһԡ
ֻشа£ȴҲδֻнһ˶ãûмְգΪһô
ǹһ˿Ц⣬ʼ磬ΪЦ
ת֮䣬а̽Ȼ˼֣ڵһΣҲϵĸɾԼİɣ
ڲףЩôƲƲ죬΢Ц
飬㾹Ȼѽ̣Ͳаͷôһ˿ɫа̽ɭȻв
ʱٲ鵷Ҳ̫Բˡ
ϴΣȥ֮ʱǿڿ˵Ƿϵľġ
˵֮䣬һֱûڻӿ˳
ô磬ֻȴδЩ˻֮˰ɣôа̽ҲŭֻʣԴ
飬ѽֱ̣һ̣а̽Щţֻشºͽǵôᱻôһ˵ѽ̵
ΪУԶֻһߣһʱʹūͣһֻõʱŻһ߿Ĺߣа̽ڻˣȴѣһһˣ
ѣ
ִĿ˵ʱа̽ʱоԼЩӦˣѣʲôЦΪѣ
飬ΪĻ㵱ѣҪѣִֻŻֿЦɣ
̾Ϣһ绺ڵЦֻѣ
鵱Ѻôа̽˵κһ˵ģǶԷ˵ȴ֮ġ
ǰһǸϢըʱ˺ǻ˳ΪѵĵӰС˵ѵô
ڷ˵ʵ޷Ҳһڻ˵ĴڶѣȻѾǣôΪʲôܺ˳Ϊأ
ֹϵĲ࣬а̽޷ģҲͲͨ
Уֻ飬ǣǰֻأа̽飬˵ֻƽĿڵ
ֻأ
ĸִֻصĿ˵а̽˵һ籩ֱӱ㽫ˡ
֣Ϊһȡ֣һ̣ͻȻһָо˵û粢ǽֻƭѡ
һӵǵ飬ͻȻõ˵֮ͬѣ𵴣ȷѱˡ
һǿѹסе𵴣а̽ڻָ򶨡
ǣΪκεô
ѱѾ޿أ˵ҲΨбˮһսˣ٣ֻشͬϤ֮ģֿռһƣδؾûһ֮
սѣ
ӿ³ĸ֣Ȼųս⣬۽Ȼ֣һâƿնɱֲ

ͬһʱ䣬а̽Ȼ۾˹ʦ
ҳȥգѪϴĮ
΢΢һʦ͸һ˿ǵĹâڵΪǻвô
ܹа̽Ȼɫ䣬ٵʱ䶼ûУǱǱ߳˼ıʣʱŶԷȥǷɵô
ʦ㲻Ҫң̳Ȼ˱ʣǣȴɣڵ۽г˿һָ֮Ҳб֮㣬סĮ͸һ˿âа̽ɭȻڵ
ʱҲɲżˣֻشǱ߳ôıʣֻнջأٽа֮аǿƿֻش
ڴ֮ڣҲܵӰ죬սķżӰ죬Ҫǣֻش֮У鱾Ҳӵ൱۷սΪУ뷽֮£Ҫܵѹǿֲ֮ġ
һûжĹˣҪһˡ
ƽĿа̽ʦڵȻûֱӻش𣬵е˼ȴҲѾʾķǳˡ
㣡һ̣а̽ȴЩҪѪˣԭУһֱڰĴ˼ɵĹʦȻֳ˿µľԣû뵽ġ
ô·а̽еͷʦڵǵʮ꣬һ뿪ڣˡ
Įİգʦһִ󰮣ִԳɵ̤뵽Ⱦ磬ȴҲǿ߶˼ֹ˼ɡ
ʮ֮䣬ȥģΪʧܵĴۣԳܡ
ڣѾûѡˡ
ʱ䣬ĨɱһеĴڣΪ۷ĶǿߣҲ޷ֿ
ˣңʱղ࣬ҲŲ̫ˡ
Ĵڣа̽ΨһĹ˼ɣһԲţƾĮ޷赲а̽ĲģʱĮΪа̵ĵǾһµѡ
֮ǰҪ׽аŶԣһεĲ֣˵ˣҪ磬˵ңӵ֣Ҳа̣ˣܷĵȥ
£Ķľ֣ܷƴͿ̿ҲҪһΣϾһӮˣа̵飬Ҳܹ׽ˡ
ǹʦ˿ʵ̬дա
ȻЩûн͵̫ǽƾһ仰ҲѾа̽ƲЩˡ
һа̽ЦһٴԭʦС˺ãǱһΣ


 һʮ ٣
գ
ת֮䣬⾳תݣ۽Ӷ֮䣬дӡǸϣعӡ֮߷˼£һ˿۷ĳ̶ȡ
㲻ֻǵؽףôܻӶĴ򣿡
Ӳ۽ĹϢ֮䣬а̽ɫ㲻Ȼˣ񷽴籬սԶԶѾһؽܹӵеˡӵе۽Ҳܴﵽֱ̬ĳ̶ȡ
ɱһѪ·
а̽Դ߶Žת£ɱһ̣Ҳͬ߷˼£ȻĲɱ䣬ȴҲͬﵽ˼۷ĳ̶ȡ
ɢ
³һɫһǶת֮ſɫϢ֮Լ͸һӰа̽廤УƾݺҲʼ޷ƿֺ
СӣҵҪκε˱ô͸һ˿֮ɫа̽ɭȻȵ
棬Ȼκβýˣֻش󣡡Ǵһ˿΢Ц粻ɫĿڵ
ֻ̤شҪô󲻿Ӱ죬Ҫô˵걻УǷ绹а֮̽ͬУ˵ˣսıʣĶԿ
ʵʵҪܹһеģ־Լط򣬶ڴĸ򣬻˵
ʵȻֻеؽףֻش֮УʵȴǶڴĸһϣĸ򣬼˵ѾѰ۷ˡ
ֻأ
а̽ӦֻصӰҲͬ˳ûֱ֮սֻֻǻ֮䣬а̽һֻ֮С
һ֮䣬Ȼ֮ãǿҵĿռ˺һе谭գ֮ͽ֮ǰһлɢ
ˣһ£ѾʱʧˣȻа̽ȴϾϤֻشģƬ֮ٴλָֻȴòֳ־Կϵʴ
һַǳĴڣа̽Ѿ۷壬ҲϵǿߣȴȻ޷ǸΡ
һ־ԾϵĲ࣬Ǽ򵥵ֲܹģȻܹջطĻƾǿʵҲܹƿֻش󣬵ǣڷȴûǷʵˡ
飡
ӿбĳ֣а̽ҧгݵŭ˳ļֱҪˡ
ϧȴ̫ʱ仺񣬼а̽Ӧ˲䣬ֲĵ۽Ҳͬʱתݿ£ԾͻһƲɵĸо
ǣκβñ
͸һ˿֮ɫа̽ɭȻڣٴţͬ׵ĽӰ١
Ƿ绹飬ȻܹһӰ죬ȴȻ޷ܵļޣ仰˵Ȼ֮Уȴû̫Σգ޷Ǿȥѡ
ȵʦǱ߳ܲסѹͷŵʱ򣬾طʱ
ôǽͿˣһ˿Цݣһ̤ϰɫĳһָ죬ѣ
һ֮䣬ɫ䣬һ֮£Ҳ֮һ̣ͬΨһ飬һ䣬طһۼ䣬
ȻĽӴҲܷǳǣԾϵĲ࣬ȴԲаܹ̽ġ
ŵ˵һ̣ҪԵѾǷ˵飬磡
ĳ̶ֳ˵ְԵĿƣ鱾ĿƻҪµĶࡣ
ŻβƵĺصľޱ֮УҲҲ޷֧źȻ
գ֮䣬ȻΪһƬ𺣣ȵĸ֮£·ûκܹڣĻյضһƬ죡
Уаֱ̽Ӹоһֵķ˺ʹѹ˴һ̣ᵽһ˿Ĵ
˻𣡡
зһʹŭа̽Ȼóһȣо裬ŷķȥ
ûõģ޷ı֣ҵ磬ҲΨһ顣¶һ˿֮ɫ絭ؿڴ
˵֮䣬ͬʱչسɴһ֮ʧ˼ǧ⣬׾ٵıܿа̽Ĺ
Ȼʵ⻰ԣͬʱֻش֮УʵǷа̽ͬʱܵģа̽Ҳܹͬôһıƴ˭Ϊǿ󣬾ܶȡĿȨǣа̽ȴûȻֻƾ׸ˡ
˻˻
ķ֮£а̽ѾܹԸоʹˣȻʱһ۵һ̶ȣȫܹƵˣһǵȴȻǳ׵
һ۽ˣһ磡
ԼĹȫգа̽ȴͻȻǴЦһ̣鵽ΣоϢ
ԭڷһ˿мѾɢȻŽֻһؽ۷壬֮ǰһȴѾɢˡ
׿Ĳ˵ʱѾĵ׶ڷһ˿֮УĴڣҲֻˡ
ҿʼ۵۹ˣ㷢չȥܹΪһۣ£
ۿɾ̫ˣۺ޸ҳƵߣǺεȵĿֲٳɫţҲʼ޷뵱Ǹ޵ȣڣа̽ڷȴһۣ
Ȼа̽⻰ȴܵĸоһ˿ˣʱͱˣа̽ȴȻܹ˵ĻǾֻһܡԷеƣ
¶һ˿֮ɫ绺а̽ˣֻ֪кεֶΣܹתǬ
ǣѽ̣һεĲ֣Ǳˡû˿Σа̽ƽĿڣ·һ̶Ϊ˹ֵ̣һᡣ
׿ʤʧа̽巽Ŀ¡
վλϣվЩµµܹ֮ģһ׿ִţͬƼհ㣬һе
ŵ˵һΣڹʦУǰϡ
νĲ֣ʵһʼͲӣǲĵˡ
ƹʦ뷽ͬʱֺγʦ
Цڴ֮ǰȴʼնûаѷ統
˵ܵĲԩ
ȻЩû˵Ҳû򷽴֤ʵʲôΪЩûбҪˡ
ҳϣһҰˣҲδؾӮһ˿Ȼ֮ɫа̽ڵˣаһȴǾһеס
֮Ѫ򿪹ͨص֮꣬ѳ˯飬֮޾֮٣


 һʮһ а٣
䣡
֮Ȼһ죬а̽ķȻҵ֮£㼴Ҳ֮а̽ĹʦֱܵǰɫĲɢһɫĽ廤ڡ
ˣֲԱҲùʦĿȻһѪȻվһ˿ŵ𺳡
ˣ
һɲǼ䣬ʦЩԼжˣŹ˶ãа̽Ȼˣôܣ
ǰһȴޱȵĸλ߳вĮǿߣôԼǰһĻû¡
ͬʱߵ֮ȴȻ͸һɿֲص֮ңʦҲĸоĵǱ߿µرʡ

٣
򵥵֣Ȼ仰˲䣬ȴʱһ׸ߵĴԭ־յĸо˲飬ٴνƵıԵ
ΪһĴֽ̿ͣһɱѣбʤİգ
Ȼ̫ȫƣǣڷ˵ȴҲѾĿܣа֮һĴǿƿֻش󣬵Ŀǰһֽȴصĺ
ƹа̽Լ壬ľ֮Ȼɾɱľ֣νǵҲͬѾʹˡ
Ѫ⣬꣬ȻϵаĽ٣
۳ɰܣ۷Ȼĳ׵ףûаĿܡ
ۿɼٶȣа̽Ȼή껯ΪһâʣҲֻشȻͶ֮ϣ
һ˲䣬ֹǷ磬ֻصɫҲͬĲҰף͸һĿ־壡
䣡
һȻը죬طĲа̳ڵɽ֮ȻѿһֲĿռѷ죬ĺɫѷ֮ӿգ֮䣬ǧƬء
һɲǼ䣬תͬʱĵɽ֮ϣаͽͬʱȥ
ǿҵֱ֮͸أǿռѷӿȥת۾ͽѷķΧ
˯꣬ðϢ
ϵĴӿգ֮䣬ֻش˲һ̣ʶٴλعʵǿѹ÷˸о֮ͬһ㣬һļΪѡ
ͬһʱ䣬а̽껺£Ϊһâеѷ֮Уʧ١
ӣ
ûκεԥ۽Ȼڽ£ȻΪһɫâڿдʮӰ˲Ϣ㴳˽ǧ׵ľ롣
ģ
һֵغĴǿռѷ֮͸ͬʱֳĻһӰŽںɫ֮ϣһָƽڡ
һ֮䣬ŷɳ˽ǧ׵ķ羹Ȼô˲ϢصԭأңôҲ޷ƶֺ
Գ棡
һ֮䣬ط֮ãһеĹ򶼲ԭķ򣬶аĹ򣬼ֻͬش֮еķһ㡣
ˣ
˲䣬ԭ̤ڷµĵ۽Ȼų⣬ڰ׶ת֮γһֻ⾳޷Ŵ󣬽廤ڣӲ֮µһָ֮
һָ֮죡
ֻһָһָ֮£ʮҲĸɸɾǿƽһָ̺ǵؽ׻˵׵Ĵܹģ
ף
һаĿ䵽۽֮ϣ齣ѡеˡ
һ۾Ϳ˵۽а΢һ£Żҡͷɱͽ
ϳ˵۽аȴҲȻ˿ûиӵ˼֮䣬֮бȻһֻɫƣ츲ذ£һȴֱҪһضһ
޿ӣ
һ̣оһɿֲԼѹһƬռ֮У÷ֺسɴ磬һ̣ȻҲȫӲ˿ã
ıعһ֮£һСƬռ֮ڵĹаģͬȼĴڣ޷ѡ
ɼһ̣ĸоУҲֻۿţް취
һ̣Ҳûһ˿Ŀ־壬еĽһ
꣡
Ƽµ˲䣬ıȻչһ԰ɫĹһȣϵѹʱ飬֮䣬ŷɳƸѹķΧ
ħ֮
ۿŷٴһа¶һ˿֮ɫЩŵ˳
ˣ
һ̣Сħųɵ˷ͷؿа
ǿн˼䣬ħҪ㻹ּܳΣ
ͫ΢΢һаɫЩĿСħȫôһħ֮飡Ҳܺ棬һô࣬ȻܹͬʱУɱҲ˼һˡ
ֽһصӡǣһ˲䣬ɽȻ飬аͽһͬʱΪһصӿа֮УԻȡͣ˼Ƭ̡
Сħ˵û˼䣬Ҫܵķֲ֮֮ͬոγҲѾܹﵽļޣЩͽΪۣûٷˡ
Ȼ̵ֲѪȴٴΪһγֵĻᡣ

ӿ³ĸ֣ڿеǧɫȻһתٴŷϮ
ңһ˿ɫСħ˻
ûбӡȻңûʸ񣡡ۿСħаɭȻڵ
һΣ֮ܵаܹӳһɣǼˣҲѾԶԶǷֿܹˡ
Ԥһ£ƱӲɵˣ
۽һΣħ֮־һΣһȴǸ޿ɱˡ
ǻˣ龰֮£ֻ;ˣȻڷ˵ֻҪûгԶ
֮ǰܵаѹƸãħ֮չѾԵַѹжˡ
£ǿ϶ӲãϾȻħ֮ҲܿаĹǣȴҲûҪӡ
һɲǼ䣬һ˿Ȼ֮ɫħ֮ȻһȴжϣаķϮȥ

ѹûⷽ˼аĮ練أƱػײոͷŶĺĹĹ˵ǷˣȻ۷ĶǿߣֻҪûͻף͸ܿУСνķѣͬɶ˻𣬸˿Ĳ
뿴Сħۼ֮ʱһʲôı飡
Сħͬʱѡˣܹ֮ɱҡ֮У۶ۻСħһΪصĴɣ


 һʮ Ϯ
سɴ磡
ԭϣǸ޷ʩչسɴģħ֮ĴȴаѹƣһжʩչسɴҲͲʲôˡ
ɫȴֱԶԶľֱӱܿѡһּķʽһֱȵɫԼһ׵ľȻسɴ紩Խ
⻰˵򵥣Ȼʵϣȴǽ֮⣬侲ķʽõļ·Ӧȷɣһɳ۶ԶԶıܿǷǳ׵ģһҪȵײǰ˲䣬ȻȻ·ɳ۶ѶǺεȵı̬
־ٶɱԭܿɳ۶ҪΣ֣вһµĻᶼУǣˣȴȻδй˿ԥ
һר̿͵侲̣Ա˺ݣԼݣ
ȻʵϣǽҪܿһιðԼƵ̶ֳȣǣԷοϳֿ
ιÿһζԽԼأǵ۽ħ֮ԼضûСаָ߸ϵ̬Ĵ̼˷Ľ
Ҳ
ȫûлֵأҲֻˣȴԽȻͬطʽܿΪľٶȣϮ
䣡
سɴֱӴԽռаǰа𻹸ûӦ֮ǰһȭȻ
羢ı
ħ֮ĳаûüӦ֮ǰֿ񱩵ķʽƺķϮ
羢ǿֲаϺȻ֮ʱаСħҲͬɵˣһֱǸӰ
ûʲô˵УԷؽ۷ʱս۷ѾǷǳŵˣοаߵĴڣǼֱһ߰ĺͯһͷײһ
ǣַϮȴʮʮĴаһԶ޷ǵĳ衣
Ĵ羢ħ֮ĸ֮£Ѿﵽ۷ܹӳü£һȭǺ۷ϣҲԽԷ˲ˣǻɱˡ
Ȼ̶ֳȵԭǸ˲аֺģǣаǿн˼䣬Ҫ쳣ֲķ֮ʮ֮಻ܹʩչһɶѣ֮ǰ̫ƵòòѪɽ֮ϵͽŻһ
ǣˣһѾˣҸոձܹ
ŵ˵һ˲аһΪ״̬һȭǿһϡ
һ֮䣬а˲ܴԭԵЩ޵˲䱻һӣֲķ֮ǳ룬һɲ֮䣬ͽа飬ǿн֮һռѷ֮С
һзʵ̫ˣ쵽аһݻת֮ͱ˿ռѷ죬ۼǿռѷɿʧͬһжûзһ㡣
ɫ΢Բ԰ףȻһĨ֮ɫȴ˼֡
ɫħ֮Ĺɿ͸һصӳĵһ飬ضǿ
Сӣݣ
ȶ˼³Сħűôһ仰𺳡
Ϯаٿʼ˭뵽һ֣а֪̽ҲñѪ˰ɣ
Ļȥа˵һֺεȵĳ衣
뵽⣬СħͲûЦȥԭаҪԴŭǽȴΪ˱˵Цϡ
£һȥֻ̾ͻΪЦ
Ȼ֮⣬ʵľһеСħܹоĿ£һؽ׵Сӣ۹
Щô
ϲû˿֮ɫһƽ˵
⻰һСħȻӦ˹һΣаѪɽ֮ϵͽЩ֮ҲûȫɢԴ˾۳һѪˡ
а̽Ϊͨٻаٶ˷ѵˡ
΢һ£絹ǲδСħħ֮Ȼһ˻ΪһӰŵȥ
ɽ嶼Ѿа𳹵ױ飬һжԵһƬǽ壬ɽʯɢĴǣһоȻΪɵģƺѾ˵ķ롣
䵽ϣջħ֮ƾĸ֪֮Ѱνа
аԳ֣ȿֲ֮£ѾûʲôܹıˣȻΪÿһеı֤аȻǲٵġ

ɽ⣬Ҳͬɽǿֲı仯ɫа֮ʱ͸ܣǱɽǵȿµ𶯣ܵһĿ־塣
ڷ磬Ҳ˼η壬ҪεȵʵڳôĶа̽ҲӦʵŶԡ
ԥ˰죬ڻҧҧȻУа̳ķɳ۶ȥ
ַ츲صı仯֮£ͲţʲôܴǷ绹а̵ʲô˻ֻܻҲѾǳǿ֮ĩˣʵȻܹ׾ٵĽһ˶ռа
̰Ȿһеԭ

ңʦվ֮ϣ¶һ˿ο֮ɫ
Ǳ췭ظı仯ȻҲͬܵˣȿֲνаԽ˰ɣ
ܹƵаԽ٣а̽䣬֮Ǹֻеؽʵĵ۽˹ȻϧҲ֮˰ɣ
ҲãпвĮΣնѾĨˣаοֲעܳʱ˼䣬ôһжˡ
ӷ𣡡
һţʦ̾Ϣһ֮䣬ӡ֮ϵ˲ɢһ֮䣬ͳ
Щֵ꣬ʵ̫ˣа̽䣬а̵вѾͣûĮҲӦˡ
ôʱźˣһдãԼҲܹĵȥˡ

ͬһʱ䣬֮ǵУۻ۾һ˿âȴվδһԡ
а֮ʱҲѾ֪ˣֻ״̬޷׳֣Ҳִ֮£Ҳȥˡ
ԭѾõĴ㣬Ȼǣֱһг䶨Ȼ͸۽ܵϢ
ô仰˵羹Ȼû
ЩţȻΨһĽ͡
뵽ħ֮ҲЩȻˣе۽ħ֮ڣܹаѣҲܹ͵Ĺȥˡ
ɲ
һ˿âɲ֮䣬۵㻯ΪһƬޡ
۵ĴҲ˭۸ģ׼˶Ĳ֣Բκ˴ϡ
Էа𣬼㣬۲̫֣Ҳô赭дķ¡


 һʮ Դ
ŽɫĻۣʦеĸ̨֮ϣ׵λĮֵλÿţĮ˲֪ǸλôǿɮȻɮѾȥ꣬λȴʼûй䶯
ʦ죬Įȴվ֪˵Щʲô
ʦȥĮĴȨȫ䵽ϣӴ֮Įû˭ܹ֮ϣһ˵ƺӦøˡ
ǣʦĴڣȴĮǿػԸõκΣһе鷳ɹʦʦȥҲζţĬĬػĮػͬʱҪʧˡ
һ̣Įвŵζӳ£ֲϲǱ
ϲصģа̽Ѿɣа⵽شʮ֮ڣӦ÷ʲôˡĮ˼ʦһҲ˿Ϊ⣬Ȩ˵Ҫ£һĮȥĮվЩᡣ
ȻνҲԵģʵϣĮҲѾǽӽʮˡ
ĮҪʦЦһ£Įɮ֮Ĵ˾һֱδŸոһЩϢȴݣʦˣ飬˭ܰﱾ
ϲֻ̬֮Ҫܴ׵ͳ綼һ죬ѾʮˣҲˣʱϢˡϴһ˿΢Цʦ漴˵ϲǣĮ˲űʱձȻǿ߸ϵġ
һ£ʦ漴ɫԸֻһ㣬Ҫס֣ϹɱֵĿܣصͬЭпܱϹɱʱĮ򲻿ɹ̲Է⣬
£ΣڴˣĶǿߴ඼Ѿ߷棬ƽո棬ڶԴϣȴǳһ¡
ʦģˡ΢΢ͷĮشĻǷȱִֹۣҲеġ
ֹˣЦһ£ʦ漴ҡͷϣסһжһǰᣬǾ۲δ䣡
⻰ʦ˵ļΪأûаֿЦ˼
ʦ˵΢Щ⣬Į׷ʵ
ۺ޸ҳƵߣȻ裬ʵȴԶκܹģգʧ٣Ҳ˸սϹɱ۵ǱֻݷԱˡ
Ȼ֮ǰ۵Ŀֲ⻰ӹʦĿУ֣ص˵ĮЩȻƾһ֣£Ǻεȿµشڰ
ѵ۾˿ô
ϲصģҿĿܼСûв´ĻѾﵽһĸ߶ȣӵȿֲͬʱӦҲܵѹƣ˼ˡ΢΢ҡͷʦ˵ЩҲֻǷδȻϼ¾ǡ
ʦʲôҪԸôصĵͷĮЩӵ̾Ϣһʵ
һԵ˳Ӧ죬һ۷ʢᣬҲܹĵȥˡֳֽɫĲۣʦƽ߲Ծ۷ʢķʽʱҲõˡ

ɫëϣ䳤ƺӭҷ绺Уϡżƣ룬µĲȴȻûаͣ
̫ûеѪſڷļͷСħѵʵԵʵȻѾܱ̬ˣǱϾûף˵Ѷʵ̫˵㣬Ҫ˵㻹취ȶɹ˵ɡ
ڻʱ򡣡΢΢ҡͷ˵ܸоǷһЩʲôɽ٣Բ
Сħ絹Ҳûʲôģֱӱ㽫Լָо˵˳
Ŀ΢΢һƬ̣Сħ˵СӣȻħ˵̫ǼǱħҲòϣڵʵ˵Ѿǳ̬ˣ٣ѾԺɱһ۷ˣ㻹ɣǿʲô̶ȣ
⻰ţҲʵϣ֮ǰа̳ͼٵʱ򣬾ѾСħЩľˣ̶ֳȵ٣̬緽磬ҲδΣأֻɰˡ
ǰշ˼ʵҪɽٵʱٵǿȣ¾˾ˡ
˳ɹȻãʧˣǿɾ½ˡ
۵ɽٵʱжǿ粢ûֱӻش𣬷ʳôһ⡣
һʱ䣬СħȴǶʱĬûȰɽٵ˼ˡ
û֮ԲѹԼļޣ㵽̶ֳȶȻԸɽ٣׵ԭѹ̫
۱ͬһɽѹڷϣÿҪиʱͻƵ
ǰȣķѾ㹻ǿˣɽ٣ҲѾƱ̬ˣõĺôҲԶѰܹģңǵȸڵؽ֮ʱҲԶûзôֲ
ǣҪԵˣȴǸޣΨһ۰
ңҪģֻ׷۵ĽŲǳԽֻŻһ߻ƾֶ
̤֮ǰյѪ⿪һطӡӦþǿܹﵽҪԲˡ
Ĭ˼ӣСħٴοڵ
΢΢һ粻ĵСħȥ
Сӣ֪ʲôǱԴôӷļԾСħӶųʵ
ȻʵϣҲûеȷش˼ԹԵıȥ
ҪͻףҪһǱԴ˱Դ򣬲ܴ׵
Դ
ʣʶڷ˵Щİģһʱ䣬ҲĬӵʯ֮ǰɽʱڡ
̤ؽ֮ʱ֮У̺һ˿ԴϢԼ壬Ҳ֮۶ɵġ
仰˵ʵĸʱ𡭡ԼѾʼӴԴˣȻǳ΢˲Ҳ޷׽ǵĵȷȷڱԴϢˡ
Ѫǽ⿪һطӡԴżİܹôпܽһ˿Դ֮ӦþҪ׷ġԲ
⻰һжʱһȻԴԭԼԼоȱʧĶǱԴĸô
ıʾڱԴ۷Ĵڣ޷ʲôǱԴԼȴҪ̤֮ǰһ˿ԴϢýֺͷҲ֪ǺεȵļѰ
Сӣұ㡭һ˱ԴϢô̤֮ʱٻǿһֱ̬ĳ̶ȣ׼ȷ˵ǽĻ֮٣ܹɹļʡٷ֮һˣڷҲü
˷ЩСħҲͬеΣգİ˳ңв˿ˮݡ
ȻʵЩҲܹ²ĵ۷嶼޷򵽵ıԴһԼڵؽ֮ʱ͸򵽡ֻԺɱһ۷Ĵˡ
٣ԼɵĹȥô


 һʮ ڣˣ
ен⣬⾳ԲԳɹ򣡡
һ£ɱĵʵʣĿ֮£޵Уܶʼ֮䣬ĽתΪعĹչһ飬ݺ䣬γһʱ׵ʵݡ
һ⾳ԲԳɹ򣡡
һʱ䣬̨˶ʱкòʶĸΪԷִĵ⾳𺳣а̾
ŵ֮һȻ鴫ǲվҪ̤۷˰ɣԱ߹ϯ֮ϣһʿģЦ̾
۷ʢ̨ϵϯλһҲֻжʮʸģǿߣڴ˷۷ʢᵱУǲҪ̨µˣȻҲ̨ʾģǶȴҲǵЩǿָѡ
ˣҲֻڵ֮öѣש񣬻ܹһЩһЩҲ֪ˡһ˿ɫ΢һȭЦ
ҲҪ⿴֣Ҳϰ֮ģ̨˹У˲۷ʢ
⻰ûνĵǼ仰ܽģҪףǵþʵս۷ʢɾôһĻᡣ
£Ҫ׸ֶ۷ʢ֮ϣȴͲһˣ۷ʢֹκνɱˣеıԶǵ㵽ΪָֹζȽء
˵ʵ۷ʢ߳ϵʱ䣬˵ı֮жɹʱ䲢̫
ǰָ㣡
߻£һԾֺ̨֮񿪿ڵ
һɲһɣҽһֻһʵ̫˷ѡԱ߼˿Цſڵ
ǵǻҳ⡣Цһ䣬ȴҲ⣬ֵһõˣ֮䣬ͬʱϮˡ
Ȼֵʱ򣬵˾Ѿѹ⾳սĻҲôˣһоԽԷɳȥˡ
ҽ֣ĸоеľֵֽ֮⣬߽ȻͬȻڵ˵ȴƫƫһֹںϸУ˸ӦһҲˣͬʱԵִҵĹУԱƵѪˡ
վ̨£ԻĴԼ壬ŵ˵ĳ֣ȴ¶һ˿˼֮ɫ
Ȼʵ֣Իܵˣǣȴòϣ⾳ķʽܹܴͬʾ
ʱ򣬷Щ׹ʦˣ۷ʢ᲻Щ󱲼棬ǿ߱Ҳӡ֤á
ԭҪʦһ棬ȥĴ󣬵ȴǲһЩ˼
ΣʵҲֻǵؽ׵ʵѣЩ׸ޱʾ˵ʡǣԷ츳ԣȴֱĴûʲôˡ
ۣԷ˵ǼΪҪģ뾡һа취պӦǿֲٵĸ֤

ڽϷͫϵһɫȨȣ̤գһ·жΧɫ֣Ư֮У͸һصϢʵʵ˷ֲεء
ʱգ飡
͸һ˿âкȤǷɫȨ֣΢ʱȻұ飬Χĺһ飬ռ֮£ԭ޵ĴȻҲԼЩŤˡ
ۣ㾹Ȼҵ
̶Ϣ֮䣬һӰȻӴ֮пһ׳˲ڿγһǺӣ½ռȶ
һа飬ȻҲڱǰ֪
¶һ˿֮ɫ֮ͫһ˿ɫâһţֻɫĹ⻪ȻϯأγһɫУǺӣգ֮䣬ֲֿ㽫γɵǺ˽ȥ
ۣѱȻѰҵ鷳Īǲ±޾ô
һ˿⣬а𱳺ȻһֺգɫжԿͬʱɫĺǳ
ͼնɱˣҪƻļƻñѹ޾ôڸᣡмһɭȻڵҪ˭ĵҲұĲ֡
ɫȨȻһ㣬һâȻͶɫ֮У֮䣬·ܵʲô̼һ㣬ɫתٶȻʮֹԭƾеʽȻƣаĺת֮䣬࣬ƵոСһ벻ֹ
ȣ㾹ȻĸҽҲɫȨȵģаЩˡ֮Ը۾Ϊ޾ձԵ󲿷ֵľҪڵֿ޾յ˺׳֡޷֡
ÿһӵмǿʵֻǵһս֮Уһ䣬޾ձԵ޷ܶõҲֻһˣ޾֮޷ģ仰˵һ繵ͨƾˣһܴأ۱޷޾յУǱ߳û˿Ļˣ
ǣƫƫôˣңȣڳֲϧս̬
ѵ͵治ֿܾ֮޾յô
Ϊıڸ㿪ЦôǴһ˿ЦɭȻڵЩѵĪǵΪ۲ɣ
һûаЩûᵽ֮ǰ飬ŵץǸŶԡ
Լ˼ͽѪȡһγֵĻᣬȴûܻɱ磬Ϯɹ˻֮ȥĳ裬ǣ⻰û˵Ҳûȥ͡
ۣ㾿Σ
һаʵͬʱĺԷС˲ʮ׵ĴСʹ֮ʵ
ȻĶԱϿƺӲʵϣȴҲͬʱ־ţаѾ׷һлεΣҪˮһսˡ
֮顭գ
ѹûда˼ɫͷųһҫ۵ĹâӳƬա
ͬˮһ㣬ʽı飬ɫȨָ֮κδڣԱ飬кɫգ֮ɢ
ڴ֮ǰ΢ԥƬ̣аڻ˿ǧףܿ۵ķâƬ˳
аܿ˲䣬ʧȥ˱ӻĴͬյıеķƣɫ£ͬ裬ȫ𲻵˿á
Ҳ˵аȫ޷ֿȥ۴ҲɵĻаĴ
ǣһʱ䣬ȴѾа۵˼Ϯɱ磬Ҫ۳СȻͬʱҲһľ棬κͼ۲ֵ˶⵽۲ݵı
һ̬ȣò𣬷ȻƴʧأҲȻնɱ
ۣڣˣ


 һʮ ͽӣ
ץסСʯӣ£һĵļƣֳ֮УǱ˲ѧĵ䷶ѹûһۡ
ȻҲں˵ĿĿʼڳϣ۾΢΢ţĴ¾ݻϷһ࣬Ҳмӵܵʡ
𣡡
Ȼһŭ֮ɫȻһףеʯӶʱܿƵķ˳ȥɲɵ䵽ԱһŮӵϡ
ͽӣ
ȻתͷŮһ죬һ˿֮ɫ޷޵˳
ôһΧ˵ĿҲ֮ת˹ֻǿһӵܵļƺ󣬵㲻мתͷȥ
ƽʱָ͵ƽȴ۷ʢڼ䣬˵ע̨ϣѵõѧϰᣬĳЩʵҩɾȵӵܣԲʱԵʲô߰ͷ
㾫ЩˣϢڵʵֿܹģСġ
ķӦСħû˿⣬ϸĶ
ͬش壬ʹ÷缸͸˵˵ˣ쳣ѡ
ֻǣȴȫ˿쳣ģŮУȴͱ˳ӣ٬ôԴֱӵе
޺޵ĵŷ磬Ůҧֱ޲źá
յŤͷȥŮٴνĿת̨ϣֻûأͶʱоĿʯӷִ֮£һŸֱ䵽ƨϡ
һΣȴǳ׽ŮӼŭˣһ˲䣬ζ챻ըˣŮӶʱܲ˵ķ־һ˦򷽴硣
ŮôݰɣֻһСѡ
ϴһ˿Цεؿ˵ɫ΢Щ԰ף֮̽佫ŮӵץסЩĽ͵
᣿һᣬոôͣСͨ죬ŮʵɫСϡӰɫ͸ƽ˼˵Ϣ
Цһ£죬ȴʵڲ֪Ӧνˡ
֮ǰʯӣľٶȻʵϣȴǷƾ̽Ľ֮ǰǾ̼֮£ѪϢɶ·羫ʼЩңʯŲܿƵķ˳ȥ
ڵڶΣǸȫܷˣϢǿѹ˲侫ӿΧСʯͷܿƵļ
ֻǣЩȴǸ˽͵ģǶԷˣåҲû취͡
ͽӣ㻹֣
߷зɿתͷȴǲԾһֱץŮӵ󣬷ûоʲôǣŮӵУͱ˳ĳûռˡ
Ļ˶Ȼ۷ʢϵϷŮӣ˸Ұȥ
ȷش𣬱бߵĶĻǳ
۷ʢᣬǲҪάģϾǿʵ̫ˣйʦ򣬸õ˸ҵҡȴȻлѲӡ
Ȼ־ٶҲûеҪϵĳ̶ȣֻŮӵȴʵЩУǡ⻤ϵãΪڣȻֱܹӽģֳ֮£Ҳûж˸ҷ
ȻʵҲֻǵؽףΪĻľĮ͹ʦκ˸ڷΪ۷ʢơ
Լ˶ЧϧȴΨһ⡣

Ƥû̧һ£ֽŮӵſһȻӿ³羪һȻֱӽͼչĻһ岽Զ
һ֮䣬Ѿ͸һɿֲľ񲨶оĥһƤëڸֹȻȫûʲôãǶԸͨĵؽףȴѾŲСˡ
һ֮䣬ǻȻоһҵʹǰһڣһƨڵϡ
ھĽӴϾЩ̫Ϣ֮䣬ǻͷӦ˹һ˲Ľ棬ȴûηȴһ˿֮⡣
Ұͽ£
ôҲǸСӳĹ٣һĻôܹ׷档
˵֮䣬߰˸ŷ˹
һ˿âԭΪѹһӵĻЩڵĳ˲佫еŭ𳹵׵ȼ
ЦһҲζȻһӰգ֮䣬չ߰˸е彣뱻һ飬ͬûжһ㣬ȻվԭأȻЩνʱȴȻ֣ѾֻʣһˣѾڷһ֮¶ѡ
һһ¶ȴǶʱ㽫סˣգ֮䲻ɫ߰˸ŵؽʵ彣Ǻεȵʵ
ΪǻǱɫ࣬ȥ綯֣ȴֱһĻһ飬ȫûһ˿ȡʤİˡ
һλλλС絹ǺֶΣ
Щ˷̨֮ȴͻȻһżһȥȫעʱͱ˹
ˣ
˭û뵽һС⣬Ȼ˿УһֱӿڸԤ˽
ʧְŵǰ
һ˲䣬Χļʱͷ亹İ͵ֻ˾Ȼ۷ʢϵϷ̲סҪ֮ȥ
⻰ǱҪ͵ģңҪڷ翪֮ǰ˵˲ܾ¶µӣǺԳе
ۿһУȴȻû˿͵˼ֻǾվԭأ·һжûκιϵһ㡣
΢ü˿һǱΪŮˣȴȻδ̫⡣
ôͷʵϣڵ׸ֵȴ㲻ʲôüֻΪãϷŮƺЩ̫֮ǰԷһøѡ
ֻǴǵȻĿ֮ʱȴƺܹоĲмڵϷŮδ˼ֻɡ
㲻һô
ŷ磬ڻǿʵ
ǹһ˿֮ɫ絭ʵʲô
⻰һ˶ʱΪ֮һͣ㻳ԼǲˣҲǶһǿӦе̬ȣ̫Ϸ˰ɣѾܹ͵ˣֱǿûˡ
ȴϵ⻰ЦСӣԳƿˣȴҲûǣȷûʲô͵ģžţţôҲûã
⣬̧ͷһ۵ˣɫ΢лͣ漴תŮӵλ֮ǰ£ȻһС⣬ȴվǾŵ㣬Ǹ
ʲôԭľٶʵ̫ˣû͵Ǹˣǵ̶ֳȣҲں˵Ŀ̬ȣƽĵǸһ
ޣƪеȴûôֻҸƲ㡣Ůһм˽ϵӣؼ


 һʮ 飡
Ʋô
ò˵⻰һŮĿ˵ʵЩˡȻ˵ϣ⻰ȴҲû˿ŭ߼͵˼ֻ΢΢ʼ磬Ȼ
ֻǸ񣬻ǲƵңʲôأ
ͲĶ˼ҸȤϷ֮Ը޴̸𣬶ڷ˵ֱڶûϸԷʲô˵ԷҲһɵŮ˶ѣΪһС⣬˼ţ΢ЦǸڶԷǲǽܣ˵ŲţοͲᱻϡ
һֽǱڹ֮еģϣŵʿ۶˭񣬵ǣⲢζ㣡
΢Цò
㣡
ԭѾĲˣ⻰һǽŮһ죬ܹɱ˵ĻѾʬˡ
øСӣֵ̬ȣõԽĶ˼֮⣬̲סЦſ̾Сӣʲô֣
ôңߣһҪұһָ㣿Ǵһ˿Ц⣬νʵ
⻰һǵҲΪ֮һͣ漴Ц
ݣ۷ʢֳϣǹʦҲĿǶ˵ӣǻֻһȥˣֻǣȴƫƫһֺܶصĸоǷưҪϿ֮һ֣Ȼ뵽ʱԼȴҲ˼ϧ֮ûеա
˿ɾͲôˡ
ͬʱڵߵ˵üͷںǳÿСӣΪڸ˭˵ô
̾Ϣһ绺̧ͷӱˣȻҲ㣬Ҷȴֲָֻš
ӿѵѵ㣬Ϊǿߺۣ
Ȼ׵ϢȻǿѹʱŷѹ
ţǸСαظƽϣ
΢΢ɫ䣬漴һ̤˵ǰ˵
ոճϼĳȻҲԶѰؽǿܹ쵽ģǿ߱ȴվǲɼġ
Ȼ뷽粢ûʲôϵǶЩϧţȴǲ̼类Էġ
һСȻ͸ҶҵȲúýѵһʲô˶ҵűˣ
һ£һģ۷ʢĹҶεģɷɷӶѣҽʵͬѹƵؽ׾ǡ
ȻգǱϾ۷ʢϣ˽£ǿߵݶԸһ󱲣վʲôֵҫ飬ǽ۷ʢͷڳһ󱲵ļƳΪ׵
һͽӣӣΪŮӲмĺһٴγԼҿҲ̧̫ˡ
⻰һǶʱ÷ЩﻢˣپܾǾʵܵͽӵȥһǿ߽֣ԷĻкùӳԣ
һˣüͷƳһŮӣת򷽴Сһҿ㱳гӦҲϰİɣΪӣԸô
ת֮£ȴͻȻ˵ôһһƬȻĻ
۷ʢ˴֮⣬ʵǸЩһʦĻᣬȻ£Ҳֻǰĳһɶѣ絶ݵǿͽǾǿġ
Ĳᣬ͵һ仰ڳ˷ضʼɷˣ֮֮ǰŮӵĳͻŵĦͶ㲻ʲôˡ
ɣȻǺ޹˼ɵģһΪ˵˵ĵӣвˬȴҲòӣ㵽Ϊֹ̨Ҳˣһ仰һ͵ǽһе鷳ˡ
ŮҲ¶˼ŭ뼵֮⣬νݣҲûеǿߵͽֵǮ
һʱ䣬˵Ŀⶼͬʱ䵽˷ϡ
ĺɫԵôĿҫۣһڵĻ档
л⣬ˡüͷ΢ŵ΢΢Ƿҽ⾳ܺãЩӣҲֻ࣡ǣ֮бϾгͻģҲֻǿн֮ƴԳ˻ƾִҸУĸ֣
⻰νᣬǵ˽ģҪ﷽ΧҲԲ˵һġ
Ȼ⻰˵ĶУɾʵ̫Цˣһؽ׵Сӣ쵶˵飬Բѵĵ˼ҵ⾳򣬼ֱǸЦ
ô˼ѹͲ飬ҪСΪʦˣϴŨŨļ֮⣬ƲƲһ̤
һΣǵȴҲʵҲٰ﷽˵ˣǿЦ֮ɫ
񣬿ûˣǵΪͷưոշһҲһֲϲ֮⣬Ҫ÷Щͷˡ
СһԵҲδⲻǺ¡
˲ͬһ˵֮ʱһ۾ƺ벻ⳡһеĹʦȴǲ΢΢۾ĽĿ䵽˷ϡ
üͷ΢΢΢ҡͷȴҲûн͵˼תȥ
ߣôףһŻ֮һ׼ޱȵס˷ȥ·Ȼûʲô֣һȴޱ壬߷磬ҼߣһΣҪ䵽ˡ
̾ϢһŻתһ۸̨֮΢΢۾Ĺʦ漴תŵϡ
ûȤ㶯ֵ֣ĻҸֵĻᡣ
һ֮䣬Ծ̨Ȼڡ
ôǾͿװɣ
ԷʵҲȷʵûбҪһͨʲô棬룬ȫ֮£öԷûгֵĻᣬҲʲô̫ŵ顣
Сӣ㻹νô
⻰һǿѹеŭ
㣬ûǸʸ񣡡
˿ںԷĸܣĿڵûаν˼ϵĴҲȡ
̬Ļ˵˲йˣ˵ˣΧˣҲķˣСӣвɣ

һΣȷʵˣһζԷһ˿ɱģ̬ȣնɱ˷磬Ҳû˻˵ʲôɣ
ϵļŭһǿߣΪѾȡ֮ˣôΪ
һ䣬Ȼһ˿â䳤Ȼ֣գ֮䣬һɫĽâͬ㻮֮䣬عۣ˲ұӡ
һɾ͸֮ǰ˵ʲôʵѹڵؽˣǿߵȫһˡ
飡


 һʮ 磡
飡
һ䣬ɫȻһ䣬æڵһǲֻ֣£ȻʮؽҲɱɾˡ
ֻǣ˵Ļû£ֻãһ˻֮ȻһɿֲϢǿ֮¶һжֻգ֮ʱ䣬ȵһг䶨ʱֻÿһеĳȻΪأǶϵĽ⣬ȻôȻļڷָ֮䡣
㵽񣬷Ҳֻ̽һֶֻѣĴȻϣûаҡ
ĺɫ⣬̵۾ۣƤ
˵ˣ֣ҸֵĻᣬ㣬ҪôؿŶԷҲ˿ûʤĽȻƽŵĴȴκζ񶾵ļ֮ϡ
ۣ
ŭģе޷ͷŶűһ仰ֱһѪһҡΣûȥ
ٻ֮ǰһ䡰飡ֱǶԷ˵һ
ģҲȷûɱ֣ܹоĵһ˲䣬練ȷܹˣǻɱ
ǡһ̣ȴֱ޲Լ˲źãܺùĥ˵С
ˣλѣȻͬǿߣֺαʵϷˣҵȣĬƬ̣˻֮䣬סţͬʱڵ
һ仰·˵˵ƺҲֻĽͲ˵Ĺȥ
ֻ׵ǿߣǷʵ׾ٵĻţܹſڵ˵⾳˿˷ϡ
ֻǣõǿߣҪݵİϷʵ˭Ϊѣ
򵥵Ůӵ˵֪׵ʵѵ᷽ڵϷôˣǿߵݸôĵ
ֻǣǿߵҲδʵЩ̫С˰ɣ
ŵŭɫڻ̾Ϣһˣҵȷǿߡ
֮ǰΪǺ󱲣ԲŻһưݵǿߣôոһоͼֱͬˣһΪ˵Ц
б˼ȻôģǣƫƫܹоĵԷû˿˽ģͻ˵ϧԼĲŻһҪԼ
УһֺůĸоԲŻðųױ¶ݵΣս͡
Ȼʵϣһ仰ڵʱ򣬷Ҳûмڵ˼ˣϻĴ⣬¶һϮѩ׵ĳƺ΢͸һ˵Ʈ֮С
üĿ䵽˸̨֮Ϲʦϣڵʦ㲻ãǷһô
ˣ
һ仰һڳ˶ʱͬʱһŵٴνĿ䵽˷ϡ
ǵİһ̣·𶼳֮ͬˣ͸һ˵
һ仰ɾѾ׽糹Ƶ˷˼֮ϣǺεݵĴڣʸʦԻ
һ˲䣬ڣ˶ãԼЩˣ򷽴أԼη
żмӦģԼҲѾµ˷ݣ֮УǶ˼ŵ뾴
ӷ𣬷ʩضŭȻʩһġһЦʱ򣬹ʦȻҲѾȫȷ˷ݣ̾Ϣһڵ
֮ǰһֱΪѾа̳ʦοͬʱȴҲδ⻹Ǽ˼εġ
񣬷漣ĳǣ۷ʢ֮£Ȼ𵴣Щ鷳ȴҲȥһ˿Σзƽ
ֻǣһش𣬶ڳ˵ȴһֲĴ˶Ӧˡ
˵֮ǰǻڵʱ򣬻ΪǿԴĺôʦһ仰ɾѾ֤˷ǸʸʦƽȶԻˡ
˭һ˲䣬˵жֳ⣬ȻЩµˣǿЦˡ
ûˣ΢΢ף漴ת򵶽ˣʲţ֣Ҳش𣬲ڣȴѾνˡ
ϵЦȻãڵ磡
󣬵ĸֵķȴʵ̫̫ˣص𺳵˵һ仰
磡
򵥵ĸֱͬһ㣬Ȼÿ˵ը죬һ˲䣬йڷĴϢȻۣ֮ǰƮƮѵصȴ˲ԾĲһĸо
Į֮ǰڷҲֻһִŶѣ۽ˣȻͷ죬ȴ̫أĮ˵УҲһãǱʵĵؽСӶѡ
ǣۿ׾ٵ۶ǿߵĳ統Ļ磬ԹʦҲδҵš
һ̣֣ǵУǣֻһţһնĴ˵
֮ǰٶԷ֮Աǵˣһ̣Ҳòĵɫֶˡ
׵ضκһˣ˭뷽һô˵վô
ȻģǵԼǸָ𷽴ǵͽӵĿ
ֱһ̣ǲеظоȷû˵һѻģͷβôƵѡ
һ緽˵ǿߣӵһлǿߵʵȴȻǿߣ
ԵˣǱֱ֣棬Կͽӵĳû֣ƽ͵Ľͣ
ԷʵҪһν˵ô˵䲻ģĶ⿤ʲôʵҲҪǸΪǱǿӦӵеȨ
ŵļƣûһŭ֮¾ͳֽѵͼ赭дıֻܿǱһƵòֵĵز
Ѿɱ⣬Ҳֻ۶˶Է彣ѣ
һл۵һʱ򣬷ʱУ̾ɾ壬Ҳͬۡ
˵УǲһĪĸж
Ȼܹоĵ֮Ա©ݣܴһֵԭ򣬾Ϊᡣ
ʵΪǿߣҲǷĶ֣һ㣬ֻҪ־ͻžܹ֪ˣȫһεģ˵ûбҪĸܺǡ
ɵȻףԷݣ¶ҪðյģϾڿǣǿ߶޲ûɱĴڣ۽һ޴ջ󣬼֪жҲ˲ǰͺ̡
ſڣҪ˵Щʲôȴվǲ֪ӦôӺ˵
¶һ˿΢ЦٴνתǿڣֻһôҺܱǸţǸ
ȶԷش˵һ仰󣬷ȻŹʦڵλöȥĴڵϣѤĿ
һ˲䣬Ůӣʱԭأݽҧ촽һ仰û˵ڣȴףǸӰһѾУ޿ĥ


 һʮ һݣ
ƮƮ̤ڸ̨֮ϣ˫ָڱ󣬲δųϢֻôƽվţȴ·̾ͳΪģ˵ߡ
粢û˵Ҳ˿ûͱ˵˼վǵŹʦһӦ
δлӣս۷ʢĻᣬĴĮлӲа֮
Ϊʦ֮һ̣ȻҲλվ˫ֺʮŷһ
˵ⲻֻһﾴڣǶڹʦ˵һеȴʵ̫ء
ʦʲôˣĮϵףһݲˣǴĮ
һݣ÷סˣڳ˲һƬȻϾԾ֮ɫĿɿڴĿŷʦС
תĿ˹ʦһԣվδһԡ
λӦ֪Щ꣬ʱղ࣬޷뿪ǣа̺а֮Űݱзӳ֣նɱа̽а̳ĮһΪ壬һݡ
һ˻̫е壬һЩ֪аа̽ǿߣһȴ뵹һһ󷢺
˵ԭŶ֮ǰһܻЩ٣ô仰˲䣬Ȼһĺëըת˲ͱ״ʪˡ
ΪǿߣȻа̽ǺεȵĿֲʦɵĶڰŵ˵Ǿվ۷ǿ֮һǣǿߣȻҲնɱˣôܣ
ֹǵţϵˣһ̶һŵĸо⻰ǹʦ׿˵˭š
һ˿âȴǲԾ͸һ˿ɱ⡣
˵Ӱȴʵ̫ˣһؽʵˣȻնɱ۷ǿߣ⻰һȥȻԼ鷳
⣬ҪҵĽ
һ۾Ϳ͸˷˼ʦ漴΢΢ҡͷ԰꣬ĮдΣ֮У
һ£ʦ漴תĮϣս۷ʢᣬıԽһΡ
ʦԸһݣĮæ
΢΢ףʦĿ֮䵽˸̨֮£ڵ֮ⷽΪʦĮ񣬶ж䲻ߣͬѹ
ͬѹ
ĸһͬʱһǺȻ֮ɫٿ򷽴ѾȻͬˡ
ʦⲻֻһѣǴӹʦĿзͽȻͬˣŵ˵Ӵֻ֮ҪĮķΧ֮ڣκҪԷ綯֣Ҫѹˡ
ĮҲԲҴۣһңǹʦˣӰҲܹͬά־ò˥
һ̣ǷҲΪ֮ݣŹʦ֮˼ָӡ
ǹʦ˵Ľô
ʦ
ĬƬ̣Įȴǵһŷ
һǿҵı־˹ʦ֮⣬ĮҲͬϿ˷ݣԭѾصĳ֮ϣ˼¡
ʦ
Ƭ֮䣬˶ʱͬʱ񣬾ܻлżֲ˹ʦĮı̬Ѿû˸ҷˡ
л
ĬãŸ̨֮˵ķһݣеɱڳɢȥôһ仰ƽϢ֮ǰˡ
Ͼûйʦа֮̽䣬ҲȻҪһսʦʱֺγǽƶУ
۷ʢᣬģһ۵ɡ
͸һ˿֮ɫĿ˷һۣʦвһƣɢϼ⣬̨ڣº͵ķвԾһůԾı㰲
գҪߣκιֶΣҲ򣬶ǡ񣡡
֮䣬̨ûһƬ쳹أ£ĴţƮһ˲ԾУӵ顣
ٱˣһ̣Ҳȫһ˿ɱˡ
˵νľ񣬻Щ⣬ֵ˲䣬ȴȻһʦĿǶ˼뾴
ⲻҪоôʦô֪ģңǡôʱȫޱĽ֮ڸԼ
ԷļʶȻܹףŪôԹʦʵҲȻҪĴۡ
񣬱ĶҪ˵ּѣΨһڵķʽƴķʽ˵
һ統ңӴڷ罣ʱһңѶȻҪϣҲǹʦվ۷ǿߣʵܻб仯
ֻǣķѾȥˣӹʦʼʼ㲻òȫעȥÿһϸ΢ı仯Ƿݴӡǡ
һգ
ڼ䣬˶ܹĿʦһ˥ϣԭѾϵȻͬľ·һܴɢһ㡣
һΪλӰ¶磬Ӧǹۣ
һ£еڻɢȥеĻҲ֮ɫĲȻڿţ͸һĨط⡣
ȻʦȴҲһµ˲䣬Ȼ飬Ϊɢԭأ֮һĴָСĽɫȻɢŵط⣬ͷհ㣬
֮⣬ʦûκһ仰ӡеģֻһ΢Ц
ʦ
һ˲䣬˲Ŀ˿
Įһ̣ҲŹʦλùȫûһ˿֮ġ
һȻصŹʦϵ΢Ц̾ϢһĮһͬһ
лʦȫػĮƽ
һ仰󣬵ȴ˵ޱȼᶨʦԲһ̣統˹ʦ˼
ǻʦݣǹʦΪ۵ĽĿĶֻһǾýĮһΪĮ׼һػ
ȻҲһĲϾ粻ԸʦҲûκܹԼס硣
ңԺ󾿾ܹչʲô̶ȣҲûܹ˵ķ磬¹У
¶һ˿ЦվֱʱȻ˾ϡ
ڷ˵һεסΨһܹӰ쵽ģֻи顣
Ȼʦˣң㷽׵Ĳµ˼Ҳò顣
÷ھת˲ѾﵽһȻͬĲΣŵ˵ֻҪһʱĸܹ̤뾫ĵˣҲѾһİա
ҪǣʦǷ˽黳˷硣
ֻǶݵĽӴǷȴܹĸоʦиûκ˽ģģֻĮѡ
ˣֵþ壬Ҳֵ÷һݣ


 һʮ أ

һ㱣ҵĿռ䲨ʧʱһವӭ˽Хĺڹ룬һ֮䣬³˲Ϊɢһأ̶̲ʱ䣬Щ¶Ĳֱһ㵭ĺ˪
飡
һ֮䣬ڵԷϵĺ˪ĸɸɾ
񣬷ҲȻܹܵ˿˿⣬ʶǰɨȥŷ֣ΧԱѩǣһ߼ʣѩ֮䣬ȥΧ¶Ҳ½ٶȣҲǷԶˣŵͽ۷ʵ򣬻˵׻ߵؽףǴ粽Уò˶ñֱӶˡ
Цһ£ʶʼ磬һ·λ΢Ƭ̣Сħ˵ĵطô
֮ǰȥϹɱַʱ򣬷Ҳǵ֮صģǸʱ¶ȴԶҪº͵ĶˣԷʱʵѹͱʲôӻȥǲˡ
⣿һ˿мСħһ´ӷļ˳ﲻֻΧѣһֱ򱱣Խһӡ̤ȦӣȻֺαҪȵ
Цһ£εҡҡͷҲپˡ
ǲ󣬶ֱӴ͵ʡ˲ٹ򡣡ƲƲ죬Сħ˿Χ˵һΣԵؽ׵ʵ룬ʧܵĿܾ߳ϣʱ򣬾ħ֮Ҳδܹӵĵ
ҵһֱû֣㻹ôµһ档ȻһЦҡͷȤ
£ۣСħȴǲûӵһ쿪ʼ»ûκ˸ôء
СħҲûٷϻܹ׵ĸоһƸ۵ļᶨٶսΣգҲзֺ
̤ڻѩ֮ϣ֨֨⾲׵֮䣬Եø
Ƭѩ֮У˷⣬ûаӰҲûκ˷ѩǷѩ¶ļ¡
ȻЩھ֮·ķ˵ҲͶ㲻ʲôˡ

ڷһ˹¶ڼ֮صʱ򣬷Įնɱаֵ̽õ˹ʦϿɣΪʦϢҲͬ˳һ㣬ܿ촫ޣϢǺεȵľһʱ䣬һƬȻЩ׵ǿߣǱİ춼Ӧ
ؽ׾նɱ۷ĴڣҲ̫˰ɣе۽֣Ҳͬš
˵֮ǰЩǿߣӷΪĻôһΣ˾ӣĵ۽Ѿ޷Ѱ۹ȥˣ֮䣬֮ĽɫѾʼˡ
Ĳ˵Щŵ۽ˣʵ˲٣ǿߣҲ˻ҵȥѰҷټˡ
Ȼ˹˼ɵͬʱҲ˸ǿߵĿ⣬֮УҲѾǵУв
Ͼĵ۽ˣƾɳף۷壬ָͻĳΪһˣĽܽܵġ
ѹ֮£ĮҲڵֲסѹôصϢй¶˳ȥ
⵹ҲܹĮʵѹ̫ˣʦԲţĮûʲôǿΪһζǿӲֻΪĮ֮£ֻЭ
һʱ䣬ǿͬʱӿ뱱򣬾߰ĴѰҷټϧ˭ʼ޷ҵ˿
֮أǱǱä㣬ȻǿߣҲܼصȥҪģҲûܹ뵽ȥ
οĮߵʱõľͣǶλͣǶϵе˸޴Ӳ𣬱Ͼʵ̫̫ˡ
Ϊһ·̤ϴ֮·㣬ڱ򣬷ӵеԶԶκһޣڷ漣𣬱ڼ꣬һǽ統żĤݣͷβܹһϮꡣ
С࣬˵ڻô
վ԰֮Уңű𽿤ʵ
ĬƬ̣СѾͷŻشӦûðɣӵӱѣͬߵƲʣûܹסġ
һ£СѾͷС㣬ô
շڻ飬ܺϹǿȴû˱СѾͷ𽿤еʹˣСѾͷԼҲ۵Ժô
ޣҲޡߣ𽿤֪վ䲻ģˣˡ˵ģߵƲʣϲȴʼմġ
ֻ׵ʱ򣬷ųķɣѾκ۷ˣʱƣ۷ĴҲնɱں𽿤˵еĲѾԽԽԶŬŽżҲ޷ˡ
С㣬˵ǵôſյ֣СѾͷЩʧʵ

ǵãҵȻǵážƺң԰ĵϣЦֹҼǵãСҲһǵáӦҪչ˺𽣬ֻҪǻСӲһġ
ЦҡͷδֻǴڴڵĺȾơ
Ƿ㣬ǷġĬĬЩϵıң飬Ҫ
ˣֻҵڻЩţСӾģа̽ʵǵԳֻ֣Ҳ÷ѲֽŰɣЦҡҡͷڵ
ʱƣɻǵôСӣӵСʱʼóƣֶβĮλʦҲ֮Ҫ˵ûֱʣôƲƲ죬ңĺһھƵڵǺ֪ȵǻСٴλصʱ򣬻ʲôһ⾰
Ϊʱ΢΢һʵ
֮ǰǻСӴԼǲϻģػرҪʲôҸûʮİգǲġȻһЦңĿ֮¶һ˿⣬һսϵҲѾڴܾˡ
ĬĬңӣȻףλڴģֹǷı㾡ȫһս
񣬼ǱҲѾ޷оңӵľˣȵλٴ¶âʱ򣬱ȻһѪȷ磬һ統λһ㡣

ˣ
еٴαһ˿ֲϢȻһȴδ÷˿Ļң׾ٵı׷ˡ
ʦһ۵ԴķʽľĴ˳÷̤һ磬һϢѾ˿޷Ӱ쵽ˡ
Щ¶⼫֮أʱȴҲû˿˷ѣʱƣʦĵҲѾױˡ

һȴǲԾִһ˿Ц֮⣬Ľ
ǲһ㡭ҪȻ̫ѡ
ԭΪֻҪ˹ʦЩɱ֮£ѾϵİմˣʵףǺεȵļѡ
ֻһ㣬һ㴰ֽһ㣬Ȼһ㴰ֽȴĽ棬ް취


 һʮ ⣡
Сӣϸǰ棡
ЦҡͷͬʱСħͻȻʶǰȥ̽ȴȻ֪ǰǧ֮⣬˸ŵľâȻѩڸǣȴȻܹܵǷݲͬ
һ˲䣬ľȴǶʱΪ֮һ⼫֮Ѿ˰¶ʱˣֱ˿̲ڸоһЩͬõϢˡ
ԾļӿһЩŲȻȴȻδ־޷ãΪ˱״뾯䡣
쳣ı仯־žСħ˵λøˣȴҲͬΪţΣոһ
ˣ֪ԼСħҲ۵ΪԼܹɹĿܲɣһΪµݣҪ˵ûΣǴǳˡ
ȻСħûѷСģԷӣȴǾԲȫԼİȫκ˵ģСħ飬Բڷϡ
꣡
̤ƬâΧ˲䣬ȻеһЩûˤ˲䣬Ȼ˲ͽȳĽӡ
ҲͻȻ˲䣬Ȼ֣¾ȻѾǵ棬ǹ⻬羵ıǱѵ
ͬʱźȻ̤￪ʼΧ¶ȺȻֽ˼ʮȣʵҲеЩӲòڡ
СĵĶ׷ָûű棬ȴ޷ȣΨһĸоǺ񣬺޷㣬Ҳصıѡ
ˣĵѾױˣĺϣĵ𻵣۷ǿȫҲ𻵡
ڷļɿųСħĽ͵
Ϻȵı㣿
ǷѾһЩ׼ҲһЦﻹʲôˣһƬ½
˵ķӡ֮أƬ̣ʵ
׼ȷ˵ֻǷӡ֮صΧںĺһСħڻشһֱƬ½룬һۣķӡ⿪ӡԽĴ½ҪĿĵˡ
˼֮⣬ʲôΣգ룬Ŀʵ
ӵ⣬ֻǼĻҲСħԼֻвɵĻᡣ
µģԶδֻ֪Ҫ֪еǱ߱뵽취ƽ⡣
ҲпµħޣҲػһ壬ֻǱʲô˭֪أƲƲ죬Сħ˵ûбӡ֮ǰıħ˵һжֻһƾ⣬˭ȥںЩ
ò˵ش𣬰ѷסˣԼһָоСħǹڣδ˵ʵСħ˵ûʣΪĻش𣬱иɻ
ҡҡͷų׷ѰСħİͷСĵһӭŷѩǰȥ
½ȻȻķѩȻǣЩѩȴڵ̫ĺۼôһ㣬·ֻҪ䵽ϺܿͻᱻͬΪһ㡣
΢ԥһ£ƺ뵽ʲôȴͻȻֲֿļ
Ǽ֮䣬ķϱ㱻һƶȻɢһء
̹ǵϺ·Ҫ˳ƤѪҺҲ׶һ㣬÷ĸܵһַĺ⣬ŲÿһԵòά裬Ȼµǣòһֱǰ򣬿˶ãϵıͻԽԽ񣬵˶ᱻɱˣʧȥж
Сӣô
͵ķ˷ļ򣬻ӶѪɫĳСħĺ˳
Ҳûʵ壬ʧȥ˷Ļֻ֣˲ͻᱻˡ
ôϵļѾЩӲˣǿǣ¶һ΢ЦƽĿڵֻͻȻ뵽ļӦҲżðɣ
һ£˵ңұҪ취ԼӦĻÿʱÿ̶Ҫάתҵսۿۣ˳ƿӡĻԽãԣҸûѡģǲǣ
Щ˵˵Сħģ˵Ƿ˵Լģļ֮£ǲܸԼһᶨ约Լûȥ
ϾֻҪתס壬ֲļϮջʵ̫ˣȻǷ磬Ҳ˵һסջ
ڿУϵĻų򣬿ŷִᶨһǰУСħҲɲһ𺳸У
Ȼв˵СħȴǳļѾǵıˣˮ֮Դ֮ɢϢ
ļûĻ֣ͲܹܵģǷ徭׽ٵϴؾת۾ͻᱻΪ
ǼˣҪӦּҲһ쳣ѵḶ́Ƕ廹־һϾĿ飬κһʧ󣬶ֱӵ˵ı
ΣգԭǿԱģ
󣬾ҪжĶ־һ㣬ǷȴôԥȥˣСħ˵Ҳһ𺳡
Сħڷ˽⣬Բͷһʱȵĳ嶯˼֮󣬷ѡ
֮ض
һʼͽԼΣ֮УʧܵĿܣȻʵϣȴѡ񣬻˵ǷΨһлƿӡĻᡣ
ɵĻôһ̣СħҲЩҡˣԼ䣬һָоǰ滹ʲôΣյţǰһﶼᶨĽŲ̤
¶һ΢ЦСħҲ˵һͷٴ˷ļٴ˷ڡ
ķ磬ѾҪָˣҪģֻǿȥѡ
ͷһΣСħжڷһ̾Уһĳ嶯ˡ
ҲƬĴ½֮ϣϸĹ۲죬ͻ֣ᷢĲߵһȣÿһ̤ľ룬·Ǿ˾һ룬ûзֺĲ࣬׼侲
ÿһë׷·Ѿ״򿪣⼫Ϣϴÿһ缡ÿһѪҺÿһֹĳѹʱУһɱ䣬һơ
֮⣬ľҲ֮̽Сĵķݼ̺֮֮Ȼӽģ⣬ͺҪԼҲͬһ㡣
ķ粢֪ܣʵǶˮ֮ԴķܣȻּѣǴɱȴҲκ˼ʵķ
ܷ粢֪ЩȴƺӰжϣŵ˵һڴ̿͵ıľ׼ץסʣĵĲ֣жӶҵ֮
Ĵ½һ̶ڷ˵Ѿʲôһһִߴɱ
ڽΣѾ糹֮Ժˣ˵Ψһͷǽ߾ȫԼӦּĻܳеı仯ģ⣬˶ѣ
νţʵҲֻһ֮ңѣ


 һʮһ ˣ
֨
ѩǣѩڷѩһ죬һʮСк½֮ϣȴȻû˿ĸоԼܹС֮ϴһ˿졣
㣬ǻȥɣ߿ûʲôأСءСк첽׷ѩץסѩӿԹ
ѽ˵ĳģҪô·ͱԹСǶأɰСѩ˫ֲĵСк
ȻڳһļӳǣʵϣѩҲֻʮӶѣȻһĨڲȥ
ǣʲôҲûаңүү˵ˣ뿪̫ԶģҪǱүү֪ôԶᱻġСкίίĿŽСķֱ
˵ŻСкƺͻȻʲôһָԶ㣬ǰء
˵ôˡĵСкѩ־ȥקĶ䣬С骣ƭô
ǰ㣬㿴ǰ˰ץס䣬Скίָǰ
ƭңקһСкĶ䣬ѩȴڻʶĻͷһۣסǡˣ
һ˲䣬ѩ۾ʱɵϴקСкĶҲˡ
˵ûƭ˽֣СкĿԶˣգ۾ȴʶĶ㵽˽ı
໣
һ˲䣬ѩǵȻзͳ˻ëҲ֮ըʱ˻
Ŷ˵ĲϽӽѩſѩһİ£ԼҲǶʮҵͣԼһ˪ϡɼı꣬ȴû˿ۼ
ǴأСûмءСǵԴѩǣСкֵĶԽ
ֵģȻҲܵϺأүү˵˴ˣ˵ﶼҪܵʴҪôĵ˵ͷѩ°ͣգ۾˵
أѩǵĿȻϵķв˻Ҳı棬Էȷˣչֵ쾡¡
ˣСǹԣʲô˵ҿǻء
˼ѩǵͷѩ΢Цſڵ
ιӣʲô˰
ŷķ˻֣ѩ
ȻŹֵǣƾѩôĺѩҲ·ѹûһ㣬Ȼ̤ŷѩǰУûзֺҡ
㣬ΪʲôǣĿŷ磬Скԥſʵ
ԣƺʲô⣬־أϸĴһ꣬ѩ˵ͷ˵
·𱻽ĻһСкʱٴ˽ı󣬡ô죿
£ҿǱˣүү˵˴ˣ˶ܲסĺġСкļѩԥһ£ڻķ˹ȥ
㣬ȥС骺£ץסѩӣСкηĿڵ
ˣûµģô˵ҲһҪǲܣһᶳġҡҡͷѩקСк֣ȥ
ι˵ô
СǰѩӶֺ
ˣ
ǵǰ˲䣬ѩȻоһûӦֻĸ첲Ȼ̽׼ޱȵסѩĲӡ
أ
ۼգѩǶʱһ˻ſҧȥȻѩ˳˲䣬ĽҲͬʱ߳ôһű㾫׼ޱȵߵѩǵϣͨһͽѩӲ߳ʮȥȴҲվ
ˣſ㣡
ۼ㱻ץסСкʱ۾Ƶ˹
ܣƽʱµҪһֱֻҶڽı󣬵һ̣СкȴͻȻһĪû˿η塣
ž
û˿ûСкһֻҲͬ̽ٴνСкҲͬץУͬʱץѩСкȴ·ץֻСһ򵥶Ч
ڿУСкѩܹĸоץԼϵֲϵϢĸоһϮǰѾЩģķˣȻôһ˫ֶͬǯһ㣬ȫû˿Ĳ
һ˲䣬޵ٽѩΪȱͨ죬·ʱܱôһ㡣
һ̣ѩĿʼˣԼ˲ʲôȴŵܵҲΣ֮У᲻ԾѾۿ֮дתˡ
ˣ
ȻѩΪԼܵ˵ʱȴͻȻ¶һ˿֮ɫһ̣ԭն˫۱ָһ˿ʡ
˲䣬ԭץѩСкĸ첲Ȼ˿ѩСкͬʱˤ˵ϡ
ˣ
һ֣Ск㻤ѩǰͬСϻһݺݵĵ꣬˺㣡
ĬƬ̣΢΢һ壬üͷ΢΢ƺڻЩʲôǸҲ˺ǵġ˭
ָǣ϶ʱٲֱ䣬һº͵ʣ˲Ծı
ֽѩСкӵϷ˿ںСкȭߣϵ΢Ц·ܹһС
С骣ҪˣĵġѩæֹСк˼ȻۣȴѾָǡò˵ֽٺĸо˰춼ӳء
СһҪ̤˰ɣȴõءǴһ˿΢ЦݿڵڿһƤĺӡ
ôһ˵СкȻӦԷôվǰԼȭ˰죬ȴȫȻûаأʵͲܹ˺ġ
Ҫǣһ˫۾ɨСкʶľ͸еһůҲ˿
Щ֪Ŀ꣬Скګګİ˵ʶٴζ㵽˽
Цһ£꿴СкСһողͦôôҪ㵽ŮӺˣ
ţûأһ죬Скٴδѩվķֱ
ȻСӺأǴһ˿Ц⣬дżٴʵСһܸңʲôô
ҽС骣ѩǴˣأ˭
Դ꣬СкС˵
˵ô˵ǵĴӾһ˿âٴ׷ʵ
ǰǵĴӾǰ桭磬Ǵôʲôӵİ˵ͷѩգ۾ش
СܴȥǵĴôĿٴ䵽ѩϣڵ
Ȼ԰磬㻹ûС骣ʲôأѩشСк˵
Ұ¶һ˿Ц⣬شС磡


 һʮ ػһ壡
ڷѩ֮Уܹĸо¶ȣ֮ո̤Ƭ½ʱֵ˲٣ȴѾܹӦ¶ˣܻѩСк˿κӰ졣
ǣѾٽӲˣж˵ѸУȴڲ֪䣬Ѿɱ䡣
ò˵мռֱһѾһ˿һʧ󣬶ܻ÷糹ʧȥʶƬĴ½֮ϡ
ѩС骵ĳ֣ʶε֮лѣò˵ҲǴмֽҵġ
ǻڷ绹ûܳɱ֮ǰʶͲѣֻʶһиڽӽĴڵвֱĨɱ
СֻʵѩҲֻ׶ѣƺȱ˾ļɣܹӳʵҪͼΣˣ޷Էκв
ȻûС骺ѩҲԶ޷ѹˡ
粢֪ܣһټȥǶˮ֮ԴˣʵͲɣĽֻǳʧС
ӱͲʲôɱ֮ˣСѩĺӣȻ˿⡣
ңܹ׵ĸоСѩĵضǳӣɾͬˮһ㣬ϧ
磬澿ʲôӣҲƮѩôүү˵Ҫػ뿪Ƭ֮ءݵĽӴСѾԷ⾡ȥĴڷʵ
氡治ֹƮѩﻨ㣬ɽкܶƯľɫкööˡƬ̣ش
磬ʲôɽʲôﻨ㣿УܶǶ٣ȴ˻ôС骲׷ʣһã
С骵ʣһ̣ȴͻȻЩʧˣĺӣȻȫ޷һУӳʼܿľͽֻһ޼ʵİɫԶͣЪƮѩ
磬ܴѩȥôԥһ£ѩڻǴŵӳʵ
㣬үү˵ǲܳȥģȷشС骱ȿڴϵ
ûϵḧС骵Դ绺شһܴǳȥģǲӦñԶ취үүͬǳȥġ
ǣ㣬˵үүӦô죬СЩ̫ŵʵ
ģѩ૵ǻᵽɵĿģǱ֤

໣
ԶԶĿһС䣬ѩǾæ˻Ŵڻ˴ӡ
ԶӲ̫еķҲñɵģ̫·ӨĹԡ
磬ǾǴˣһȥүү
ӣС˷ܵСŴӵķȥһܣһŴ溰үүиأǽ˺ö飡
üͷ΢΢𣬷ȴվǲûС骣ֻǾôƽһŴӵķȥ
̶̲׵ľ룬ȴ˽ʮӣȵڴﵽڵʱ򣬴Ѿվ˾ȺС骸ԶԶı˵ֻϡȺ֮пһӰӡ
үүǸңҪ磡
С骵˼вΪʲôүүٴһڴڣֹ
ߣſѩ
Ϊ׵Ȼһеıìŷ˵
ϵıȻû˿ı仯ƽڴǰʮҵľ⣬ͣҲûҲˡ
˵֮䣬ѩҲȻŴ˹ȥʼգ綼ûŲֺû˼
壬粻˺ҵģǲҪ
ܵǰѩЩҵĽ͵үү粻ǻˡ
ϧѩĻû˷ϣѩͬʱ˽ӵ˺棬Ҳ޷˵
ߣﲻӭ㣡
ѩΪɫֻͣȴȻ
ߡôӦγƺǣǴһ˿ļ絭Ŀڷʵ
ԳƺΪػһ壡ۿŷ磬˵ػһ壬ػ½ôҵģǣﲻӭߣ뿪򣬽Ϊػһơ
ػһ壿ظһĸ֣һ˿мҲΪʲôֻʲôػһҪ飬ס
ܹĸоΪ׵ʵңʵģУԲ
һҲܳΪŲɡ
ߣս͵ļôȻӶеıìɫĿڵ
вĿٴ䵽Ⱥ֮ѩС骵ϣƽڵΪ޴ҪúӴһֻյıԭҪصô
ߣǵκ£㣬ܵУһ˿ɱȻһ壬µıȻѣбìΪһɫӰɭȻŷ¡
ˣ
֮䣬һѹֵ֮Ȼֻ絥̽һɿֲһѽìץУһӲԷק
͸һ˿â漴ЦôЩԶʧȥɣνΣ
˵֮䣬絥ȻϾֲȻ֮㽫еıìֱ۶ϣû˿ԥķһӣ׼ҵϣֱӽ֮ԶԶҷ˳ȥ
һ˵ȻʵȴҲǶ̶Ϣʱѣû˷ӦѾҷ˳ȥ
죬̫ˣһĶν䣬ݲ˼ǡ
һ˲䣬˵жһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
УʵȻǿģȴҲԲˣǣˣ˼һжû꣬ʵҲδЩ̫˰ɣң˼һûãô򵥵һץһĶѡ
ߣѵΪܹԱҵô
͵һ¹ȣѩǳΪүүɫصվ˳ڵ
裿̸ϣ̧ͷƽĿڵֻǴӦӣһǿ磬Զıԭ֮С
⻰ԣʵϣûħ֮Ҫ󣬷Ҳؽ߾ȫƿӡɶС骺ѩĳŵġ
οڷ˵ҪƬصķӡͲԽνػһ壬һ㣬·ϣѾˡ
һˣҲûдʲôΣǿɨȥ˶ѣ
Ψһ÷벻ͨ£Ϊʲôܹνػһ壬ĸԸػǽ⿪ĸԴڣЩ¶õȵһֳʤ֮пˡ


 һʮ 
սޱս
мȻѾ˾Էӣ;Բ˿ˮȳ֣ȶԷһսֱѡˡ
һֲ̤ɱȻͷŶϷ·𶼱һֲɷڷĿ֮£ɷǼڳÿ˵֮͸
һ˲䣬ȻɫйȻ棬һɿֲǹȵΪģ˲µĴ˲ѣѵ·һֻ£̶̲Ϣ֮䣬罫绯Ϊҵս
󣡡
ӿ³֣һɲǼ䣬ڳеͬʱ֣ѵıȻΪһֱʣڴͬʱöìͬʱЩػһ˵У£͸һĨɭ
Ͷ
бųһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ߳һ֣Ȼ˴սĻ
׻ǵؽףͣһֵ˲䣬㱾ܰĽеıìŷķͶ˳ȥޱȫ֡
̹׵˵ĶʵûκμɿԵģǳԭʼĹʽѣѰĵؽףǿߣҲóôǳĹʽ
Էֻһˣ۷ǿͶìҲܹ׾ٵĻٻ߱ܿ
һ˲䣬ͬʱıìȴ֧ѾʱˣҪǡҲֻǿʼѣɱģűƿնı
˻𣡡
һת֮䣬еıѾȥмªۿȥһѩ֮еıһ㣬ϵ·ı˻һжеı仯û˻ţһжǱ֮Ա۶ɵٱѡ
һ̣ܹĸо̺ڱϵܱӡ֮еϢ̫̫࣬ȴȷܣǷЩ֮вϵĳƽ壬ѾϤ֮Ϣֻ⵭Ѿ÷ʵӲˡ
һ̽Ȼ͸һĨâȻһ壬֮Ȼ˿û˱ܵ˼Ǹɴһıȥ
ˣ
һҵĲ֮ǰ֧ìͬܵʲôǣһ㣬ͬʱı˷Χ·ԭǳƵıìգ֮ͱһ㵭ĺ˪ϸǸһĥϢ
𣡡
ٴηһıìٶȻԭʮٶŷܼ
ôһãֻܼµıìܾѾ˿۷ǿߵȫһˣңҲֻǰѣɱȻǺХµı
΢΢һ˿мüͷһɲǼ䣬ıìȴȻͣһ£漴˱Ŀƣͬʱ࣬͸һ⣬תűء

ʵҲͬΪ͸һ֮䣬Դ߶Щìˡ
ңɲֻǵɶأȴǽĽ⸽ϣӡǵأ
ıԱ۶ɵĳìڷ˵ûκֻҪģʯͷ֦Ҳܹͬ߷⣬߶
νɻժҶԿΪʵҲδԣֻҪڽ̵һĳ̶ȶѡ
ңǺεʵѪѰֶܹģŵ˵ûֶΣֻҪȫ͸Ҳ÷ǿ֮ˡ
ֻǣ˼Ͼֳ̫࣬δܹȫĹע뽣֮ϣδĴ߷ѡ
һңʩչÿһ֧ìͷųȫͬĽ⣬ң˴֮仹໥ڿγһʮ΢ͽȻܹԼα
Ȼķȴǻ̶ֳȵģҲѾ㹻ˡ
һ˲ĵıֲڳΧ۵ЩػһҲһЩ޷Լ۾ˡ
ʵϣȻǿʵ½֮ϣȴȱսɱ¾ģҲ޷ͬȾֶΣһ̣ܽ滹ûнǷȴѾһ޷սʤӰӡ
䣡
һ˦βȴǿ壬ֱӽЩìԻ飡
Ȼһβ˲䣬һҲھ׼ޱȵ
ֻ֣죡
һ֮䣬ɫ䣬ķѩ·һ̶ͻȻʧһ룬ضѾڸǣֻʣһƣ
һƣбǾ޴Դɲ֮䣬·ʱҲֹ֮һ㣬ֻʣȻһơ
¡¡
ҵײգ֮䳹չϿıȫԵȣ˵ҲûбһֻצӴ󣬸ҪһֻССˡ
Ȼ⿴С޷ɷֺвһƣȴ޼᲻ݵļһ㣬׾پһе赲޴ͷ­һ֮£ɿѵܹڳÿһС
ͷʼ̶ɿӵÿһ֣ϵƬһ֮£·ľһôһ
һ򵥣ıȷ
һˮ̶ɵģͣͻȻӼʮ¥ϵ䣬䵽ʵˮذ֮ϣ˲ѵĸɸɾ㶼޷ҵκһСƬ
ͬıҲˣûüһ㳹ױ飬ֻʣһصıļ֤ţһоԲǻ롣
һ̣˶ЩɵˣΪ׵ˣŵĹҲЩ΢΢Ĳˡ
ǰµˣѵĶħôµĵˣ˭ܹ
ĵƣôܱǸסң
ƮƮ֮£˫Ȼڱв˿ɫƽ˴ĵһֿµľУ
ʵϣƽҲͣ棬Ƿʵдա
Ϊػһ壬ΪֵҪʵԲɻȱ˵һеĻǿʵôνػ͸ֻһЦѡ
һ·ϺƿֲʵϣʵǿֻҪ֣׵ĵνĻԳ֣˵Щ˵ʵȻʵģٶʮϣǶЩ۷ǿ˵ЩͬԶԶ
ԶĲ˵а̽ǵʵһ˾Ϳ׺ɨЩˡ
ȻǲģϾǲЩĴڣôνػҲûκˣСħҲΪԼֻвɵĻɹ
ô仰˵νػһ壬ȻŤתȫֵĵƣƲǾһеĹؼΣڡ


 һʮ طӡ
ߣҳϣиĬãڻڣֻĿ֮ȴȻû˿֮⣬ƽ˼ֲмΪǵǾʹشˣػһ壬һѪսʿȴûͶų򣬼ȫսҲһб£ɱػһ壡
ӲͷȻʵԶǷĶ֣ɾǿȴ˳ͷʹǷҲеһ֡
ѲɣܰЩȫɱ˲ɣ
磬ҪС骲ҪȥˣŹүүҪɱˣԭȺСкѩŷ罫סĿ϶ܵǰ棬
С骵иǴһ˿־֮⣬ķͻȻһʱĿ־УڶԷյη壬ңڶԷеѾֹ㣬еˡ
Цһ£ԼԴԳʼ磬Լôɱħô
磬߰ɣѩ֪Ǻˡҧ촽ѩдһ˿ˮ˫ֽ߬½ǵ˵
ǳǣ˵ȥôɲҪ
֪Ϊʲôƴű壬ҲҪҡĿٴתˣƽĿʵᣬ˿ĸɫʡ
ûԵ޹ʵӲͷܹ׿ΨһĿܣΪĳЩڶԷУҪĶࡣ
Ϊػһ죬Կ϶ڶԷУĴԶ˵ҪĶ࣬ǼȫҲϷǾֵ˼ˡ
ƿС㶮ʲôмĺһȴѹûи͵˼ǼƣֳӲ˺޵ѹ
üͷ΢ңңӵķȴȻһ⣬ҪػķӡӦþ֮аɣ
Ӹоϣƺ½Ȼͷǣͷ̬ȴͻȻ˷磬ϼһӣȻػӡ廹ҪôʣȻطӡŶԡ
仰˵ӡѵ֮У
ͷҲӷʵϣǿڵ˲䣬Ҳȫ϶ϾСħ˵ӡǹϵصģȻػһ壬Ҳδؾ֪ϸڡ
Ȼ⻰ڵ˲䣬ɫȴޱȵ֤ʵ˷Ĳ²⡣
һ֮䣬бʱһȻʣһ˿Ц⣬Ȼôôһӡǡ
ɱӵȻܣԽЩνػߣֱƿӡȴûġ
ߣ㲻ҪңƴͬھϷҲҪɱ㡣ҧгݵĵŷ磬ߵĺӶʱһһը
ͬھôߣ絭ӦþĵưɡҺܺ棬ʲôĵƣܹҡ
΢Щ˫ۣ粻첻Ŀڣ˫Ȼڱû˿ĻңһУԭ֮УûӦԷƵİգҲ˹ûʵĴˡ
ߣ֪ʲô𣿡ɫ˲࣬еĹΪȣһ˿֮
Ŀ֮¶һ˿ȻȴǸûлش˼Ȼһ㣬ȻΪʮӰŴﴳȥ
־һչ˶ʱ㻯ΪһӰӰ˵Щˣ۷ǿߣҲδܹס
أ˸أսһˣҲƻӡ
ۼŷͬһ̰Լߴ˹ȥȴûüֹߵɫʱ࣬
ò˵ڴ˵ػһ֮УӵеıǾԵȨȥҲûκ˻˿ĳɡһ˵ػһѾ鴫ˡ
ͬʱҲͬʱɢᵽ£Ѱŷӡܴڵλá
ߣĵطߣ
СħҲͬʱڷԺֱ֮Ӿȷѡ
һ䣬ֱĿ꣬ڴһ۵СͬԱѩǶɣȴһɵĺⲻϵĴɢ񷽴ѾӦ⼫ص¶ȣҲвһսС
Сħӡô£
ٽӡеɻȴҲԽԽˣӡʲôȻػһ壬ҲҪػ
ѵ㲻Ĺôνӡ⼫صķӡֻܸ㣬ӡǳΣգֻǣ㣬вҲΣգңҲȲ㡣һСħش
طӡ
һ˲䣬ȴԼѾһ²⣬ܻȫȷȴҲЩˡ
ֻǣ־ͼᶨһһ£Բ׶ҡһУϵħ֮Ľ⣬ҲϵţԼ̤ԴĻᣬݲ˿ˡ
ô˵Ĺ򣬷Ӳ˦ˣֱӴСǰбһĨɭȻɱָ֮䣬۽ȻƿնĽΪһ޼᲻ݵĻ֮ն䣡
һзʵ̫ˣ쵽ػһ趼ǽɫĽâͬٵصĹâһ㣬ʣȻ䵽ǱѩɵС֮ϣ
¡¡
ıըȻصƬ֮УǿµĻ֮֮ͽС״ݻ٣˿ĺۼֻƿС֮ǿµĽâȴͬʯһ㣬δܷһ˿
СĻΧ¶ȼٽͣԷʣҲò˲ſ˻ܱ֤Լµĺʴ
İת֮䣬ͳ׽СڵλסԷʵȻҲеĻ
ߣҪؾޱôطӡһ򿪣½ữΪһƬǲǻԵѣΪˣ
ۼ绹гֵƣ̲סߺִ֮䣬Щˡ
һ˲䣬Ƿ֣ҲƬ̵͡
½ΪһƬĺҲδ̫˰ɣҪ֪⴦ڱļ֮أǣﻯΪת۾ͻᲨ򣬲֪Ҫж֮УԵĺȷκܹܵġ
ֻǣͲȷԥСħȻӷԾ˳¶һ˿ɫһָĹϷգ֮䣬ڸСƬյ֮ϵİȻһҵĲ
ȵ練Ӧʱȴֹˡ
ʵϣִ֮䣬ҲСħûκΰ취
䣡
һ˲䣬ȻһҵĲֲͬĴһ㣬ڵأ׵ʵؾޱ֮УҲӦ
ȻǷ磬ֳֵ۽ŵ۽Ҳͬ޷⡣


 һʮ ɱŵ
Ǳ̤УɫҲüΪѿСħţʵЩˣһʱ䣬Ȼ˿ơ
Ҫ֪֮ǰҲû̴򿪷ӡֻķʽ˵ӡܣȻѰƽ֮ѡ
ǣСħͻȻĳ֣ȴǽһеļƻˡ
ֱ˿̣ȻҪ˵Ҫ⿪ӡСħԼΪȣңȫ֮£ԼСħҲûоԵĿ
ˣ
΢΢һֻǣķȴҲ͹˲ϱԹˣȻ˼£ĶǲϷİܼ轵͵¶ȣԽ˼֡
ߣڵģ㽫Ϊˣ
ۼһм޿أߵһ˿ɫŭǼƼֱŷͬھơ
Сħ㾿ҪΣ͸һĨɭȻɱнŵ۽Ŀڵ
׳գӡǷӡôаħȻܹ⣬Ȼܹٴν֮ӡʲôмƲƲ죬Сħûĺһ漴תߵС᲻ɱˣħûô˼ɣٸҷϻŲűħһ֮˵һó
뷽磬Сħа˷۲۶ħɡ
˵Ϲŷӡƾʲô·ӡСħᣬȻŭ˵ȴǲԾĽ˼ֻ֣ɫ
һСħȴѹˣСӣֻʱ䣬֮ڣƿӡصķӡͻ᳹ױʱ򣬲棬Ҳ
죿һȣڵķӡѵƿô
·𿴴˷˼СħΪطӡʲôƿЦֻǴͨ۵ͨѣҪҪȥ㲻㣬ɱ棬ûܿƵס档
⻰һ˵ҲͷӦ˹ӡСħ⿪ģôҪ·ӡҲֻСħܰ쵽СħǱӡģܹ֣ΪԼˣһԼ䣬ôСħȻ޷ħ֮Ŀƣ˭ܿƵ˾棿
ңƲ⣬ͨҲԲֻǴ򿪶ѣʱţ޷ﵽҪ󣬿·ӡȻͻЩСħû˵Ƿµõġ
ôʵϣԼı㲻ԼˣػһĴڣԼܱıյĴ
һ̶صѹ˷ļϣǷڼʲôҲеЩˡ
һ绺Сħδ˵Ȼ˸Ŀ̺֮ĸӺ壬ȴСħҲЩ
ĬƬ̣СħŻ˵Сӣ֪ʲôڻüҿԽӡԭһԭûпĻᣬ仰˵㽫ԶʧȥĻᡣ
˵ĿɾͲǼطӡˣħ֮ķӡ
һ˿⣬żּڵȷ·ӡ
ڷ˵ʧȥħ֮ĻȻϧǶСħ˵ȴΪأ
ԣѹͲὫ·ӡǣνԶٴοӡ˵Ǽٵġ
Ϊ̿ͣ籾ͲܹŶԷˣһСħͻȻֽ⿪ӡ÷вһ˿ɵ֮⣬ⱻڲˡ
һ̣Сħܵ˷еɱ⡣
ȻЩޣȴǵɱ˿α
ħ֮Ȼ󣬵һŶʱըȴԸֽ֮
һΣСħΪȻһĽͣȴվǴ˷ĵߣֱӱ㶯ɱģò˵ɱ⣬ȷСħЩˡ
Щ뷽ദСħڷѾһ˿ɵ֮⣬һ֮Ըҳ֣ҲΪѾ͸˷ӣֻҪһ۵ѹ֮£ͻȻ˳˼ԥĴۡ
ȴ룬񷽴ĵһӦȴǴȥƽӡʵǽ׻
ʣֶԸܾˣһЩֶΣкܴܹŷһ𣬵ȴҲ˵Ͱٷְܹ쵽޷ֹĻһ㣬ȫһ̣Ѿעˡ
磬Ĩɱңʧȥħ֮ңҲᵼӡױ٣ʱػΪһƬ󣬱붼ᱻûͬЩҲںô
ĸоԽԽǿҵɱ⣬Сħڻ̲סڵ
һΣСҲûҺֱ֮ˡ
Ϊһںһ䣬ָڵ۽ϻ赭дķʵ
һ̣׿һеαװߣļ¡
ƽշ˶飬˵αװ˶ٲͬԸݣӹʼնǸɱ¾Ĵ̿ͣ
棬νڷ˵㲻ʲô
գǸŮˣܹϮɱˣĴ̿ͣѪ飡
ڷ˵ǸڷɽϽ̵˵ͷ⣬ϱ޲Ϯɱ֮ˣԼҲͬˡ
ЩСħ֪ȴܹĲ⣬һ̣κ˶ֻҪһܹ˵ɣôΨһĽǱ粻һкĨɱ
ûһ̣Сħӷϸܵһֳ׵׵ķϢ
ֻһΣұ֤Բжģ
СħķӦǼģ˲䣬ֱץסĺģһҪ
˵Ϊȡţ⻰ɲֻ˵˵㣬ͬʱСħӶѪɫĳ³ϵĽ겨÷ܹĸоǷԡ
˿üٵģһΥģ̾ͻ⵽귴ɣҲó˯꣡
ȻЧҲǼΪԵģԣϵɱʱ˲١
ˣ磬ӦҲẦ㣡񾡹ֻǲȫ⿪ӡֻ㣡Կۣħ֮ҲϣѡЩӦñҸһ£Сħ˵ҳϣ飬̫ðʧˣһҲƿطΧ֮ҿԴӦ㣬ֻҪ⿪˵һطӡɹԴ̤֮֮ҿԳ
֮ǰǸԣ֮ЧĽ
ֻҪˣôͲбĿˣˣ
ȻҲǰģԲ񣬾ġ
һطӡԴ֮˳ɹ٣
ߣÿһżѶȣһͲܰ쵽
ȵЩ쵽ʱʱķ磬ҲǿʸСħʵˡ
ֱ˿̣еɱɢСħһۣãұһΣ
⻰Сħһʱ䲻ˣҪץˣǼۣȥ֮Ȼƿӡ֮סֻʱ䣬жһҪ죡


 һʮ ȣ
ۣ
ʵҲһֱ׶ıѣƺȫûʲôĵطֻڶϷŪŪİ޷оѣµǣԽǽӽڣ¶Ⱦͻἱ½ʵϣѾӦϺػһڽӽʮ׵ķΧ֮Ҳĸоս⽩ӲѪҺж
Сħ飬κԥ̤֮䣬㾶Դǰ֮УǴһ˿ЦԾ˱֮С
˵ܹݼֻǣ鵽ֵزҲѾɲѡˡ
СħȻ˵粻Ը½ڷӡǣԷСħ˽⣬ҲһдǶѣķĿܾǱСħƴԶʧȥħ֮
ӡǻֲ֮ܿѡ
Ҫ£˲ɻһĥӰΪʵΪңڶɽ֮ʱӰ¾ͻΪѨڡ
ЩѾ˿ȴĿܡ
֮ǰᵽģǷǳŹֵģʲôɣһãԼĵ߲Ͻͣһˣֱ޿ˡ
֮·Уǿµļį¶Ҳδܴܷ־˺벽Ҫ˵һˡ
̤۵˲䣬ȻоΧĿռ·Ҳ֮µǣ·ʱҲͬһ㡣
壬Ǵ̹ǵϺҲһսŷܹﵽĳܼޣ·𼴱ǾҲҪ֮һ㡣
ѼԼڿе˶ã˫ٴ̤ʱ򣬷ȻƬ̵ʧ
Χ綼һƬţҰܹķΧʮף£·ܵӰ죬Ҳȫ޷̽
Ƿ֮ǰƾֲӦ˱½ĵ£Ҳĸоٲά裡ʵϣҲѾֹͣΨһܹ֧ȥֻԴʡ
ҲҿǷ֮ǰѾӦּĵ£ӦϣѾػһ޼ˣĻֲĵ¾ֱӽ綳ˡ
Ļ£˵Ѱƿӡˣ˼άѾ˴ĵһ־ͷ
ɲ֮䣬Ȼһ⣬Լ䣬ȴѾЩˣ
ȣ
ûһǸΪԲܴﵽľȣ273.15ȣ
ݷһ֪Ϣ¶ȴﵽȵʱ򣬷ӣԭӶֹͣ˶һ˵ľ֮£ʱ䶼ֹͣ
ԭ˵ȫ֮ԱǵģȻһ̣ȴͻȻЩˣ¶ȵﵽ˾ȣôʱ˵Ҳֹͣ
ȻּҲԲľȣҲǼȽӽѡ
ĻһۣԼ˼άֹͣˡ
һˣȴ˲ͨ˺ܶ಻ĵط
û˵ﲢûֻĵ֮£תٶѾ͵һͣ͵ĳ̶ȶѡ
Σ
뵽Щᵽһ˿ϢûǱƽȵĻôԼȥĿܶ÷ǳС˵Ҫƿӡˡ
ŬӣͼҪǰһЩŷ֣ԼٶѾ͵һΪµĳ̶ȣֻССһҲѾü
Ψһܹ֧ŷŲδģǼ򵥵ļִ
ǿµı̬־ͬһıпһе谭֧ŷ磬Ļ£Ȼһǰƶû˿ͷ
һ̿˵ʧȥ֮ǰԲзͷҪҲҪľͷ
ܷ񣬵Ϊݷ񣬲ô̿һδδıԵ

ӶѪɫĳСħͣڼ۵ϷʼССĶڡ
ħа·ӡס
վڲԶּɵȴҲǲòСħ
Ϊػһ壬κ˶һӡĺԣ¼СħҲԲԸ뿪벽
ܲ·ӡص㲻ڱħצӣָżۣСħ촽˵ܹŻұ֤򶼻ữΪһƬ󡣡
֮أʵ϶ܵ⼫طӡӰ죬Ĳ˵ֻ½ȫڻˮһƬˡ
ʵҲ⣬ֻҪһ£ϼıȫڻεԵĺܹˡοʵϣ⼫֮صıѩڻҪɵĺҪԶϼڻΣǧ֮ϡ
ħһһУŭĵСħԹûŵ˵
Σ䶢ߣСħɭȻʵ
ܷвΪСħħ֮飬ңѾԷ˲ȫܲȫеϵҲѾˡң籾ӵе۽Լֲ֮
ǣ˿ɾûˡ
СħӣûֱӴɱ䣬Ѿǹ˼ɵķӦˣֻػһ嶼Ѿֻʣʵˡ
Сħӡϵ裬ֻҪԼػһ廹治ʲô̫ѵ顣
ЦɨߣСħͻȻ˵ʵҵǺ֪Ϊʲôֱոգ㶼ûõƣʵ˵ʵҲǲǣ
ϴһ˿ЦݣСħз·һħһ㣬˲ԾС
ǡǶħ˵ʲôΪػһ壬ػӡΨһͷɫĿСħ߳˵
Цػһ岻ܵ䣬᲻ϧһд۵͵͵мɨһۣСħɭȻе˶䣬ܹ⿪ӡһ뿪½ڻͬѩһ㣬ûɣǲ뿪½벽ĸԭɣ
⣬һ˲ߵɫʱ䣬һ˿ŵɫô֪ģ
䣬˵ˣػһˣҲ֪ⲻСѩ֪һУɵҪ뿪ô
˭ɣпܣ˭ķѩϿļ֮У벽
ǣֻдػһܴȥпܽ⿪ӡɵһ죡
ΪܹƭħмһСħɭȻȰûǹԹԵĴţػһ壬Ҳת֮䡣
Ǵһ˿ЦСħ֪⼫طӡģǱħˡڣã㻹ʲô˼ܹĹħô


 һʮ ̻
Խĳأ˼άתٶҲԽԽܹĸоڵǱѾѹե˼£廹ǾѾȵ˼ޣǴƼ޾
粢ǲЩҵĻ䣬ּ޵ҲԲǵһˣԼƵ޵ľ֮׷ͻƣԶĲ˵̤½֮󣬷壬Ժ岻ô
ȻһΣȴڸеһַУ
ȣֻǽӽȣֲֿļȴҲѾԶԶ˷ܹܵļޣž˵־Ѿױˡ
ʶһģƴҪ۾ȴֻƤϵ³ŵ۽Ҳȫ޷ܡ
һ
ֱһ̣ףΪʲôСħѾǳԼʵȻΪԼɹļʲɡ

£Ҿƣˣ
ӣ£ž̳üżưΧѾڶַҲδһüͷ
ô
ףߵŮˣڣ·֮˲Ծеһİ
£Ҳ£꣬Ů΢΢ҡͷָżӣЦݱӣá
Ŷ̳һڣʼ磬ÿɷ
͢ʮʿ˵ǶǿߣǴŽ͢ΧʮҲֻǸŮӣ¡Ůָ㣬ֽӣľ̳֮УݵֻǣߣҲܰңԲ¡
дһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ긧ƴЦдԣһס
˵䣬ּԼһĽŲֻȴʼû˸¶棬ֻĬĬĽ߲ƽ
·ʼնûвΧһУȻ΢Цƣɫȫްֱ仯
֮һȻ鴫׼
彣ɫǹһףȴ͸һŵϢϴ˵΢Ц֪ӵģ޷ǿĶ̺֮źεȿֲΣ
͢ʮʿĴʿΪ͢һɱ̷ִ֣ʮ꣬Ŀһڣ֮缸񷣵Ĵԡ
Ȼ꣬׵ȴһֱ麹ʱ̱ǹʿʱҲʼû뿪ɫַֺ
Ȼ׵ĳǹٶѾΪ񻰰Ĺ죬0.3ʱͬʱǹɱλͼϮ̻ɱֵļ¼Ҳһ
ȴƫƫҪɷ羰˭ĵӣ
Ǵһ˿޵⣬걧ž̳û˿ĲϾߵŮ΢΢ס
ֶοȻ֪Ǹ´ҽ͢صأϮɱλ̣˽̻ʣ۶ȨȨȣȻһ̿ΪСŵľϹڣܴڵжԵ˵µսҲм֮⡣
͢صأǺεȵĽ䱸ɭϣ͢˵Ѿ߱ϵȨڵϵȻֲ𺳡
Ĳ˵ڽ͢Ľţ;װݵѪ飬ܹʱסӵĴģ
ǣˣ޺꣬ȴȻǹƥɱΧ赭дնλ̵Դϰ֧ǹ׼£˽̻۶ȨȣȻȫˡ
ʮʿΪ⣬δܲսսҲ˵սľˡ
ڣаô
Ǵһ˿мʵ
ڽ͢ر֮£ܹȫˣ˵ӣˡ
ֻһˣȻܣһϣҲȫû˿ڣֱ̹ԵţϿҲû˭˵ܹµһ̿ͣ
û˵͸˼ȴѾķǳˡ
ֶΣܵķҲȴǸȫĵһ̿ˣߣǸŮˣ
ҺܱǸõ˱ӵֶΣֻΪ˽͢ҫֻȥˡ
ٴι˵֮䣬ʮʿѾȫ֣ڵзλ׷ʮɫͬʱָ򡭡Ůˣ
ûָָ꣬ߵŮˣ
ǵһܹ̿ͣͬʱܿʮʿĹȴҲ޷ֹʮʿŮ˵ɱɣҲǿĵԴ
Ƕо仰˵ĺã̿ǲǣҵģźƺһ㡣
Ǳߵ֤ͨܽ͢˵ƺĹԣ֮£ȴͬɵֶΣ
ȤƣȻŵЦ⣬ȴȻû˿Ļң·𿴵ʲôΪȤһ㡣
Ŀٴ䵽Ůӵϣٴʵô
£΢΢ҡͷŮ㣡
ôһ̣򵥵ĸ֣ȴǸеһĪܰ㵽ڣҲȻѡԼô㹻ˣ
üͷ΢΢꽫ϵĴ½£Ľ֮ϵŮӵϣˣ
ҿԸһᣬԶ˫˫ţҽؽ͢УҿŹλ޹С㡣ָ΢΢۽׾Ŀڡ
¶һ˿֮ɫ껺תִӻͳһƴСңνʼ磬ȻڶĻ˽⣬ôҲӦ֪֮⣬һֶǻۣ
ָԼԴ΢Цֻǣң𾴵ʿͬҲС
Ŀ䵽ССң֮ϣ΢Цʿ˵ǰЩӣM΢ͺ˵ʧԵϢô
⻰һɫʱ䣬Ķס꣬͸һ˿־ɱȴʼղδ˵
Ҳ˿ûеȴش˼ԹԵ˵ȥܱǸһҵ͢ʱ򣬲Сģ΢ͺ˵صĳһ䡣
ܣ΢ͺ˵Ŀôһªңأ꣬׳ڵ

΢ЦŴһָݿڵҴû˵ǿ΢ͺ˵ģʵϣֻһźŷѣ
ֻҪҰ°ťʮ֮䣬ͻյҵźţȻʮ֮΢ͺ˵ϣ͢ķ˵̻ܿŶ͸һ˿ĥ͸΢ЦȻڵ
Ϊһ㣿꣬ɭȻڵ
㣬ҶôںԷ̬ȣȻһЦڵ
򵥵һ仰ȴʱͽסˣûҶģΪ͢ĴʿĴھΪά͢밲ȫΪжʧ󣬶½͢΢ͺ˵ܲ𣬼Ҳ޷ϴˢ
Ŀһۣʮʿȥһûгֹ
ãŮſѯʵ˵ģô
¶һ˿Ц⣬겢δشֻǰǣסŮ˵֣΢㣬˻ΪһӰӣŮת֮ʧҹɫ֮С
ڴͬʱְңصİťȻͬһֶ֮
ʮʱ䣬ԭڵӣбȻϰٵ̻ӳյһƬ財


 һʮ Ѫ
ˣ
вֵ龰ԭѾͣ͵˼άһ̣Ȼٴοʼת
һ̣ҲԲĴ̿ͣ
գڽ͢ʮʿķ֮£ҪߵŮˣܹ赭дƾ̻Ŀƾֶϸ˵ǾԲҲǼ򵥵ƭ־ǵıƴ
ڲͬ˵Ȼͬ
ʱǻˣܹʮʿаȻҲߵŮ˲ֻߣΪ˱ߵŮ˶͢¾
ͬǵȴһ
һ˲䣬Ȼһâͬ绮˺ڰգ˲÷ץסһ˿Ļᡣ
ӽȵĻУǵ۽ħ֮޷ʲôǣһȴȻͬ
壡
ʲôǾȣּܹˣңܹͬݻκʣ
ڱĵطԷľ޷壬ͬܵʴЧɱȻͬˡ
һ䣬Ȼ֣ûκεԥľȻȫޱ̽ȥ
ӽȵĻ£ܵƣӲʲôЧǶڴľ˵Ӱ첢ûôֲ
Σ֮УǽڵǱ˼£ǿľͬˮһʴȥ
Լ䣬ܹĸо֮Уһ˿֮ϢֻӽȵĻ£֮ϢӰͬ޴
һľӿ֮£Լǲ˶ãֻǸоϵţ֮ҲϵģִĴʹԶ̷ֲҪµĶࡣ
ǣˣҲȻû˿˼һֽƫִִӲʶģ£Ȼ۲۵ִ־
꣡
һ˲䣬еڷһ죬΢ڷ˵ȴֱ֮ɲ֮䣬㽫ʶʧıԵ͵˻
Ϣ֮䣬ѣľڴ̺֮еѪ
Ϣ˲ֱ˷ľ֮Уڴͬʱһ˿ѪҲͬʱ˳ŷ˷ڡ
ѪϢʧԭеʱʧȥ˻֣գ֮㳹ѳ˷ĩٿ˿ĺۼ
һ˿ѪȻ΢ȴԾڵ˲䣬·һŭ𣬵ůʣɢɢ
һɲǼ䣬еʶȫ˶һ˿ѪϢĸ֮УԾ䣬ʼ˶һ˿Ѫ
Ǵʱڷԣͻ֣ᷢԼ͸һεӡǣȻģȴѾһЩıãΧİϿ

ˣ
ĬĬԭأߵЩɬصѹѾѹЩˡ
ˣ˵ϵѹԲȷСҪȴ뷽ûȡ
ȫﲻæСħɷڣѾˡ
죬ⲻֻһݵʱ䣬ȴֱʱÿһţ˵ͬһͰ
ôҪҪȥ֪ͨӳȥϴһ˿Сħмߵ
Цһ£ȴվûлش
ӣӣȲ˵ػһϱ䣬ֻҪ뿪½˵ͻῪʼڻûУѵʣʱܹͳ֮أ
һӡ֮ضữΪһƬӵҲվѲһ
ŵ˵ػһȫڷϵţػһκһˡ
ħˣֻ֪ûпܳɹĬƬ̣ڻ̲סʵ
ʵϣ⣬ӷ뼫֮ѾҪˣֻǰСħ壬ʼûʳڡ
㣬֪Դôûֱӻشߵ⣬Сħ̧ͷ˿죬ƽķʵ
ҵȻ֪˵ػһ壬ܹԴܹϵ䣬ɳ½΢΢ͷֱӻش
ѪɫצָżۣСħڵ棬ӡŵģˮ֮Դ
⻰һȻһһ£ȴǲûнֱӳȥ
Դ֪ˣΪȻǶÿһζʲô˵ӵĪ
ߵʵȻʲôıԴǣȴףػһ屻￪ʼûһܹԴ֮һƬ½ܹγɣΪԴ
񷽴ȥѵҪֱԱԴĹ
ߵη壬СħڵƬӡĺľǱԴҪܼӰ죬Ψһİ취ҵԴ֮˵һ˿ˮ֮Դңܲܳɹܼ򵥣ֻҪܹһ˿ˮ֮ԴߵõһֱԴ֮лᡭڣô
ⲻܣ
һ˲䣬߶ʱɫ䣬Ѿһľ֮ɫЪ˹Ĵֻ׶ѣô֮Դ֮Ҫɹ٣ͻٵⲻܣ
ĿߣСħһ˿мƺˣҴû˵ף
ף΢΢һͣüͷ𣬡ܰȻǿȴҲûͻףǸͲзء
֮ǰϾ뷽йһսģδֹ磬ȴҲܹо粢δǿ̶ֳȡ
ƺָˣϴһ˿Сħٴοڵֻǵؽ۷ѣ
ؽ۷򵥵ĸߵĶУȴֱͬһ㣬һƬң
ؽףһؽףͲѴ֮Ļػһķ赭дĴ˼ۣⲻԲܣ
ܣĵԸһ㣬ʵȴͰǰСħ˿ûƭıҪ
ôһУ涼ģǸػһˣǱˣȻֻһؽ׵СӣҲ̫˰ɣ
һ˲䣬ߵɫʱòҰף·ת֮䣬ͷ·˼ʮһ㣬˵һ仰
ĳ治Ĵӿ³仰СħȴˣʵϣǶԷϻû꣬СħҲ
ˣȻǲаϣģǡ磬պпܳΪ˵ļһɴͲǰճƵ˰
οڷϣ塭ܹĻ壬ѪĻлɣ
ɵİաûΨһĻᣬңˣҲֻһʼѣ


 һʮ Դ
˻𣡡
˻֮ϴӷ𣬾ֻʣһ˿ѪȴľѪݲκɣҪѪͱҪȴݻеĲ߸ɴཫ֮һɡ
֮ɢֻǱһ˿Ϣܹסο񷽴ҪѪˣ
ʵϣйʦһ۵֮ӦĽ͸磬Ǵ壬ҲûлѹѪĿܣѪɢһ𱻳ɢ
ܲпᣬʵϣûܹ׾ٻõ
ҪõʲôͱȻҪһЩʲôɣ
ڷ˵ѪѾԽ̫Ľײ㣬۷壬ҲǵȲ棡
ڵķ磬Ҳֻǵؽ۷ѣ
Ҫ֮ǰƿһ˿Դ֮ⱾԴ֮ģҲǷ򣬶Σ֡
ɣһԭʼˣԭӦʯͷľǣȴͻȻһǹһڣ
ĿѹͲãȻҲһļǣԵɺ£ʶĴǣǰľǼΣգ
ΪԶ֪᲻ὫǹڶԼ۶
ؽ뱾Դ֮Ĳ࣬ʵԭʼĲʵû̫ķֱ
ҲǷֿı̬һ˿Ļᴥˣ붼Ҫ롣
ѹ
ڷ˵ʵǿ֮ľΪ
Ҳһ㣬ܸǿѹסѪֱӱֻĹȴʵ̫ˡ
ȻҲȫûкϢԷ˵ĻڣƾѪİ˼άѾܵѹƣܹٶȽܸ
гķʽܴЧôΨһİ취ô
Ǿ֮޷ѪΪǶڷ˵ͲһĶ
Ҫ˷һڣΨһĻᡭ

ͷʲô־ж
̨硭жжܹԽһеҪжܹжһУȡ㡭˵ô

ٴθֳͷ˵ĻжʱһƬϸϸĻζֻش֮еĸо
ĿǰΪֹùģҲֻֻشʱܹƿһأһܹѣʯãǿռ飡
Ǿô
һ̣ȴԼһһɲǼ䣬һͷȫ׳ԺٴιˣɽǼ򵥵һ֣
ˣ
ٴγУغ֮Уڻ֮УеĸһԴĴӡǣ
ֻǰջȥ룬ȻеİȴȻ֮ķҲ޷֮һ
ȻģĹ룬ЧȴκȻɫ䣡
˲Ϣ֮䣬˷·һ״̬ΧڵѪһ̶װ
ռ䣬ʱ䣬һеһУ·Ѿͣһ㣡
ǷҲ֪ڹͬʱڵѪһ뷽꿪ʼںϣ·ӡ֮£Ѫ֮ڵһ˿ҲѹٲΥͷ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãȵʶٴδƬ֮лعʱһ˿ѪѾڣΪڷ
ܣ粢еİʹҲǣԷĻЧѾ÷Χļˡ
۾񷽴һܹúõĴΧĻ
ǱԴô
ûκ˸߷磬Ƿȴܹоĵڵһ˿Ѫ̺ģǱԴҲСħ֮ǰ˵ģԴ֮
ô仰˵ӽȵļʵӦҲˮ֮Դһֱʽˣ
ԴôȻķҲ˿ͷԣ
֣ǾΥжʱɺ飬ȻֶδסԼôܹԼȴ
һ˿â΢΢۾˳еĸоѰһƬռ֮Уλãٴλ˲ӣ
һ٣ָ˼УƺҲѾҵһ㣬̤뷽ؾĹؼȻҲֻģһ⣬ԶԶﲻܹĵز
ԼУһָоȵԼĶɹ٣ʲôıԴܹ֮ҿһɴԼؾˣ
ҷţһ첻̫Զˣ

죡
ʱţѾϵĲӣһСħֻ֪еؽ׵ʵˣ߾û˵һ仰
һеϣ·һ仰ˣʣµģֻǵȴĩյĽٶѣ
Ҫصȥʱ⣬ֻȴָ֪ӦԼЩˣ֪ôǣеѾֻʣ̶̵죡
ǰأ˴ȥ־֮⣬ܹʲôô
£µǣ֪Ľ٣ȴֹֻĿĽ٣
һ̣ͻȻޱȵĺڣһʼûдͷһʼֻ֪еؽ׵ʵһʼܹϧһд۵ķĵƣֹܹ翪ӡİɣ
ôȻʧ޴󣬵ȴҲܻһڵ⳹׵Ļ
Сħֿ˷ӡףȴѾ˿ʹ޵ͷˣΪСħǿµΪʵѾûȥʹʲôˡ
Ľ֣ȴûһֱڸΪѰ
ϣܹһ㣬׸Уʹĥȥ
ʶ̧ͷһСħ
ȻͬСħϷ·ûκα仯û˿ĵ־壬һ緽ոսȥʱһ޶
ˣͲ֪ʲôǿ־ɣһжˣ˵Ҳֻʱĳ˯ȴһ˽ӳ˯лѰɣ
ȻתŸֻҵͷ
Ȼһ̣߱ȻоһҵĲһɿֲĲӼ۵ķʲôĩսٵԤô
ôһж˻ҲδزһõĽ֣
ֻǣȴδע⵽ޱ䷢˲䣬Сħ͸ȴǻңǡϲ
ûϲȻҲһЩȷڴȴĵȷȷǾϲǻң
һСħĿٴ˼۵ķѵĵһôôһҲʱĻˡСӣӦûñħϲ׵İɣ


 һʮ ѩʥޣ
¡¡
һ˲䣬ضɽҡڼ֮Сħ˵ֻһͬһ𵴣Ƕڷ˵ȴѣ
һɲǼ䣬ԭ֮İȻɿۣ֮УȻı޿ɱܲŵ˵ܼıת֮䣬ֱֻӽһĵؽǿߺɱһ˿ĻᶼУ
û˿ԥе۽ȻųһɫĽâ貵Ľ峹װУɱŰڽӽ˲䣬᳹ױ飬°ۼ
࣡
Ϣ֮䣬֮ȴȻһֻ֣ȴ·һֲ籩һ㣬طɫ䣡
꣡
˲Ϣ֮䣬ڵλñȻ۽Ľâһ𶳽ڣ
ֻǣĶᲢδܹά̫ãգ֮䣬㱻۽ƿɿת۽֮ȻɱһУ
齣
ڿвת֮жʱһ˿ȣתΪķŭ
ۣ㾹ȻĴ˵
һŭԷҲڳ˷ҰС
ҵĴСͨ徧ӨƬɼÿһ·ƺ̺һֶصͷжǣ¹βţ
һɲǼ䣬ͫȻһĺë˲䲻ը
룡
ʣǰ޵״Ȼ룬Ψһϵɫѣ
ڷ֪У뱾Ӧڻϵޣǣ簡֮ǰĴ˵ȻȫõһȴǾԵģǾǣǰһΣ֮
Ҳ˵Էͣƾܹŭĺ۴仰ܹƲԷĿˡ
ΪֹܹһڵƵ۽Ҳδη۵ģҲֻ֮ǰаһ˶ѣ
ƺֶһͷ룡
һаԼܹѾռ̫ĳɷ֣ɸƣҲͬһĴڵĻôԼĻ˿˼ҵϳ
ͷһתʱʶһ㲻ͬ
ûаͬϳ۽ʱ֮͸©ģֻǾȣп־壡
ϸ˵ĻȴȻʶˣ۾ޱηģ
֮ǰǣۣ㾹ȻĴ˵
Ϊؼĵط
Ѱһ仰֮УȴԾĽ۵ηչ˳
ͲģǷŭҲֻǳ۵Ĵ˶۱
ô˵ɣǳʹһˣȴ޷ԷƥУҼ˼ҵⲢӰһ죬ͻȻӻǺӣĵһӦʲô
ɱ˶ԷĵӻߺйûҲǴ򲻹ôҲɱôǣܴĵӻߺӰɣɱǣͬʹ
֮аֵʱȻͬɱ磬˼ȴǽȻͬġ
еϸ΢֮ѷֱ棬Ƿʲôˣ
Ķ̿ͣκһϸڶܻŤתȫֵı仯ֱϸ΢֮Ĳͬڷ˵ѾΪ˱ܡ
뵽⣬жʱϵ֮ǰСħ˵ģһ˳ɹļǲɣԽ
뵱аͬһĴڣǾ͸ɵĳɹʣǰֶûˣ
ֳֵ۽͸һĨɭȻɱȻҲǣ㵱ԩͷծֲֻۣҶҳ֣о̫޳ô
޳ܣҧгݵĵŷ磬ɭȻ˱ѩʥޣղӡڴΣȴ˷ӡŴǰǿȡѪ˳𣬺ܲ
˷ӡô⣬ȴԼˣķӡº̶ܴϣصģҪƿӡؼҲϡ
˵۳˷ӡȡӡȴǲδ⣬жȻֱܹ⻰ķ֮ʡ
ǿȡѪм٣ν˷ӡȫԼ۵ΪҲͲںǷ񱻷ӡȡѪҲֻΪҪǾѪãںĸܡ
˵ƺЩϸڶԷ𲻴󣬵ʵϣеĹϵǽȻͬġ
˿ںĸܣֻ˵۸Ͳһϣ
ң˱ӡ߽еĲɾʹˡ
ͬһĴڣֻΪ˱ӡűȡ߾ѪôͲκأܹ߾Ѿǲˡ
ǣ͸۲һΣ벻۵ۣ˷ӡ֮£ôֳֵ۽ټֶΣǾδز֮һսˣ
Сħ˵ɳɹʵĹؼڰɣ
һ˿ĺâȻһѩʥޣҵҪûʸȡ𣡡
Լ۵ĹϵҲûǸҪ
ڷ˵Ψһİ취һսֻдһ̣ԳƱѩʥ޵ʶܹĲ̸֮еʸ
ĻڶԷУûиƽȶԻȨȻش𷽴κṩ⿪ӡˡ
һˣĻ˿ԥ۽Ȼӳֱӱȳ֣ԺȻ˴սĻ
ѪĻ֣Ļ֮УҲѾ˿ˣ仰˵ѾƽˣϣҲƾռʲôˣ

У粻һС࣬ƾ۽ͲһǣϰĴڣȻ͸ӽֱǾ޴ĳ裡
齣Σ
ѵ򲻹ۣ۵Ĵ˶򲻹ô
࣬ѵΪʲôˣ۶вô
ȻˣǾȥΪѩʥޣ֮УžԵģѹ鷽һ˿ϣȻŰɱԱǿȡѪ֮
޴צȻӶֲȻֱӭ˵۽
ССһֻеؽ׵࣬һצӾˣֻǣŭ֮£ȴû뵽һؽ׵࣬ôܵӽȵļ
ССһʱ˲ʹĽѵ
ɱ
ӿбһɱ֣ɱȻѪɫɱֺȻɳݺݵ䵽צ֮ϣ
ɱһѪ·
ķȫ߶֮£ɱѾﵽ۷ĳ̶ȵȻ˵Ļѻ˵Ϊѩʥ޵룬ǣˣڷеĿǵ۽
ǰ޼᲻ݵĵ۽ȻǱѩʥޣͼȥֵ۽ҲǸЦ
۷ʵѾԴ߷۽ˣһֱӽצնһ޴˿ڣѪȻڿдһĨѪɫ


 һʮһ ⣬Դ
գ˵۽ֻв
⻰ԣҲԣ
۽֮νܹ죬Ϊ̸ɫĴڣΪΪۣһǶ˵ϣ۽ʵ㲻ϵ۽
ǣͬ۽ǾְߣմȾ۵Ϣи̺һ۵ĵ
ĵ۽֣ܹ˵սƾ
Ϊѩʥޣǿǿֲ֮ģŵ˵ûе۽۷ǿߣҲδƿķҪ˵˺ˡ
ҲֱצӲ۽Դ
ϧȴԶѰĵؽ׿Աģ۽ͨؽ׵Уδܹӳ˲ֺ۷Ĵƶ;һˡ
һǰצն޴ĻڣŶԷھʹ֮»ûӦ˲䣬һӰӭϣ۽ֱָ˶Դ
Ҫ˺Ƭ
ʹ֮£ӡ꣬⣬Ҳûκʹζˡ
ǱǵǿҲͰˣǣȾʹȴֻһСֻеؽʵ࣬ĽҲԽܵġ
ͷӨıȻһ貵ľâݺŷ˹ȥ
꣡
Ȼֳֵ۽ҲܹĸоǹɿֲļϢȫû˿ֿĻᣬͬ۽ͱ˱
ֻǣһ˿Ѫ֮£ܴܿӼ֮лָ˲ϢƱ
ԴôӵбԴ֮
Ʊ¶һȻ֮ɫŵľ˳
ΪѩʥޣͷϵĶǾˮ֮Դǵˮ֮ԴȻ˿ڷӡ֮У֮£ǣԴȴ˿üٵġ
ԴѾ׵ķ룬ͬӵбԴ򣬸޿ɵͬа̽߹ʦǵ۷ĴڣڱԴĹ֮£ҲͲ˿
ǣȴۿǰֻеؽʵ࣬ƿˮ֮ԴĹĽ׵߸֪춼ûܷӦ
ǱԴô룬Ȼ΢ЩӲΧֽӽȵˮ֮ԴϢոһιԴܷɹһ˿Ѫƿ˱⣬ǿµһȴڷһӡǡ
һּ޿ɵֿǵ۽һеڱԴĹ֮£Եͬ۵Цһ㲻ֵһᡣ
ԣǲܸоĵǡϢŷ磬ȴȻӦ˹͸һ˿ɱ⣬ȻΪޣת֮䣬ֱƾճ˷ߣͷϵĶٴˮ֮ԴٴͷŶٴαС
꣡
ٴλΪƿȴܹԵĸоԼ壬зɿ·ڵϢҲ֮ʧ
ĸо˲͸˷һΣյźţһ˲÷羯
Ϣ㾿ʲôˣôԴ֮һε̽ȷԼжϣɭȻʵ
޹أ
俴룬תÿһֿܣѰѵƽ֮
ȷ޹أмĻӶצӣ˭춼ڵԴܹһΣȴܾʮΰٴεȵԴľڣ
֮͸һĨ֮ȥɱ΢ٴŷ˻
ܼ򵥵߼Ƕڷ˵ȴ
Լվ޷ʹãƾǿнѪڣԷʵȴվ޷ʹģȫĳܹнϢľʱ򣬵ʱʧȥһзĻˡ
ͷڷҲһţҪκζĽͣбѾ˾ϡ
£ûκĻᣬˮ֮ԴǰҲȫûзô޷˺ֻһ㱻
ôҪƾ֣˵ҪȥΨһĻᣬҵԴķʽȻ󷢶ľɱ
һˣٴαʱ򣬷ӲסƱĳ嶯ԼΪһ漴е񶼾ջأȫ˶Ϣĸ֮С
һѪֻǱܻŷ粻ڱ֮ôֱ㶵ԭء

ŷ羹ȻıˣҲ΢΢һ㶣ԭԤڣǰӦûּܼβŶԣôôûõģ
ȻͷҲһ˵ܹСȻã
ֻǱҲδʹ֣Χŷ绯ɵıת˼Ȧӣͷϵıٴͷųˮ֮Դ֮ϼӹ̱ĳ̶ȣ̶̼ʮʱ䣬ԭֻҸ߶ȵı񣬾ѾΪ˸ߴＸʮ׵ľ޴񣬶ʱƣͻڲϵӡ
ֽӽȵĻ֮£ûûнⶳĿܣңԷĲΧıԴ֮ϼӹ̣
ֱӡڵĴڳױˮ֮ԴʴΪһ̲ˮŻȻı
һУĻ˻УڲԶ֮ǰ۽˵צӡ
۷ǷҪˣʲôУʱѾˣϼӹ̵ı⣬Ѿﵽһֲĵز˱ԴǿߣͲܴơ
ڷһԴ͵ֿ˶ãڣҪȵģһѡ
Ψһźǣûʵֽɶ˺ƬԸ
ΪˮĽҲǲܽܵ
뵽ۣвַһ˿ߺ֮⣬ྐྵȻ۵ĴˣȵļһﻯΪˮ֮齣ȴǲʧģʱ齣ɲ͹ˣ
ΪֲΣ㲢ȴҲȫûа취ʹ齣ˣѾܲܽ齣ԼĶ֮ˡ
ܹɹĻ֮бһɽ˵ܹܹƿӡ뿪أ
뵽Щбһȣ޲÷ھ̻Ϊһ̲ˮźá
ڵȴҲѾϢˣˮ֮ԴķӡͬҲ⣬˿оĻ
»ص֮ڣ˱ͬ˶ߵĶһ㣬ĻܼѾֻͣάֵתһ˿ѪʣһůסԴܼʴ
Ȼ˼άҲδͬʱֹͣһֲֿٶתţһ̣ͬһ㣬Ĺ۲Ѫÿһÿһı仯
һģѪĸɾ֮ǰҵеĹؼԴôȴŷģɾǳ׵
ȻϸϸȴΨһڡ
֮ض
ûдݸĵɫ̸ֺ


 һʮ ̨磬ļ磡
죡
̫һ£СħҲһ˿ӵͷ
һʱ䣬һоͶ᳾䶨Ƿ˳⿪ӡ֮رΪһƬ
ɹܿܽ⿪һطӡҲζţӵеڶλˣ
ʧܣҲ֮ͬУף֪Ҫ֮Ż±˴ȴģǿµĹ¶
鱾Ӧǲ¹¶įģȴѾʶĳ˵Ѿû̫ˡ
Ծ飬ǸΪֻص飡
˼⣬Ҳѷֱ棬ĹϵûŸ顣
ĸģôҲǼ²Ŷԡ
ȣȣ
˼֮䣬ԶߵһʱСħ˼ٴ˻΢΢üСħٴ䵽ߵϣŷ֣Ѿ;ƿݵľ磬·ʱȥ
ԭ۷ʵͲܳǣȴֻʱ䣬ϵֵز
ֲѹһܹڼ̵ʱڳʧȥ
̾ϢһСħԾ˷硣
޷ѹΪһеĴڣҪصѹֻǺεȿֲ
־Ҳһ㣬ֻʲôֱӾ͵ñ˰ɣ
СħͻȻԭ˵һ仰
ˣһÿᱬ˵־ϴƼޣ漣һˣֻҪѣͻͬپһֻȥ
ʣǰߣ
ӶѪɫĳСħͻȻЦжʱһȻʡ
ɵĻᣬⲢұһ֣˶ڷʵ־˽֮ܳĽ
ǣܣҲֻ͹۵ļѣ޷Ԥ漣ķ
ڣһжҪ֮ǰѵӦԼδܹ漣ô
ЩĿһѾȳѪߣСħδ԰οʲôֻۿŶԷһӽ

ڷ֮ıѾʮףĸ߶ҲѾﵽʮ׷ڵѪҲѾԽԽ΢ϸͻ֣ᷢ񷽴ĶͷѾԼһ˿ɫ
ǲԤף
ǲôıԴ֮ʵ̫ˣͲ⣬ңⱾԴԭͲȫȥûпܼȥˡ
ܱڱ֮УѾʧȥ֪ǷʶȴȻޱȵѡ
µ񣬼ǷҪƱҲ첻ˣΨһȥĻᣬǴԴ
һУȴԵ˵ļѣѵκ˾
ȻˡôɴͷڱԴĸɣĬĬʱ䣬Ȼ˾ϣֹ֮˶Դĸ
ǹĸ֣δؾͶǹ˵еԭˣܶʱ򣬲һǵóӦã
ͺ֪ܶѧĹʽҲ֪ѣҪʱǿŽ⣬ȴδؾ֪Դĵ
Դ֮Ҳһ
ķ磬ͲȥеİأΪụֻ̂ǣñԴĻǾҪ򵥵Ķˡ
˵ҪԴ֮룬ԴҲûκõǷȴͬ˵һBUG
һ統ǿнѪһܹͬԽķʽǿнԴ֮
ʵϣһʼԴͽֻǸģڷ˵취ٴζǽĹؼ
ˣ
вŷ֮е־䣬Ȼһ⣬֮£ȴȻ˷羳صż
̨硭ļǽ磡
һأ֮ڣ޵У
˵þļɣָ޵ľ룬ԲŻд羢ı˫
ڶؾ磬ߣسɴ磡
ǧ緽磬Ҳֻ֮䣬ԲŻسɴ磬ѾһЩռ䷨
ڵأֱ˿̣ԼһģĲ²⣬ûиӦûôؾǣ̨磬ļ磡
ľ磬ķҲףֻԼУиֳ˸ֶѣ
ĸо÷ף̤ؾʱһ֮䣬ֻܹͬش֮һ㣬ѣɽӱã
һУ
ǵľ磬ԴǾͼֱͬСһˡ
Ȼֻһ˿صľ磬Ƕڷ˵ջȴǿֲ֮ԭɬ·ת˲Լмѭˡ
һɲǼ䣬ڷϵļ·Ȼ飬֮䣬һĪӿ뷽壬ҪֱӽѪе׼˳
գ֮䣬ԴȻ뷽ϵļڻϢ֮䣬÷ٴλָʶ
ˣ
е۽ȻһϲõĽ֮ȻתбһĨ⣬ԭ޷õԴ֮ȻΪһů֮ת
һʱǿֲȻסļ˲䱬ѣΪıʯ
ͻȻıʣ˵Ҳֱͬһ㣬ֱ簲Ȼĳǰ޷󣬷羿δˮ֮Դӡġ
ϧȴû˿ĵĻᡣ
Ʊ˲䣬۽ȻΪһ裬ٴն䣡
䣡
ִ֮£ûܣֻǱܵͷ϶Ǻݺݵײ˵۽һ춯صײ֮
ѩʥޣӲĵطҲǶǣ˵ԶκֲĶ࣬˵۽ֻڷˣУһնڶ֮ϣҲδؾκεǶǣ
ϣһʵûиʲôʵԵ˺һȴɳ׵߸ֱ֪ӾͰɵˣѹû˼
һ֮Уܹĸ̺ܵеԴ֮
ˣûӽǣµ۽뷽͵ñɱ񣬸˵ˡ
仰˵ǰС࣬ȻܹԴ֮ˣôܣ
һؽ׵СӣܹԴ֮Ҫˣ
ߡ࣬װģ˱Դ֮ǿߣֻΪһԭˣԵֻеؽ׵ʵ
ôǰ࣬ĪʲôԨԴ
һ̣Ϊѩʥ޵ܵѹʼǰ״޺ˡ


 һʮ Ϯɱ
ըԵ
ʵȱԦֱըľ飬һʼ̤뷽羳ʼ羢ѾΪޱױȵıը
һ˲ȫĿУκ˲ݵ˷ܸС
˿̣ȴܹĸоÿʱỵ̈ԼӴ״̬У֮Īָ֮оƺϸûκˣκܹԼĽŲ
໣
һȭҳĴӿбһ֮͸һɵ·һ̣ıΪһ
飡
˵۽ֱȭͷӲĶǣʵʵĻУֱױȣ𺳵ǣûе۽ƾԼҲܹͬƽ˿·硣
Ϣѵתǵ͵ĵ˼צڵϻţȴԼ͸һ˿־֮⡣
ѩʥޣƺʲôʵϣȴκ˶Ŀֲ
䱾ûжÿһӵžԿֲʵӵбԴ֮ΪصԴ
ؼ䣬⣬ûκδܹԴƾһѾ֮ˡ
֮ǰһ˿Ѫ壬Ҳǿ˵ĹȥڣȴĴ߷ϢȻȻͬ
ķϻ̫ˣ
üͷ΢Ȼڣ̤֮䣬һתٴϮȥըԵռ䶼飬ֱȥ
ѩӰ
зһŭΧȻѩ֮䣬Ȼû߰˵ӰÿһӰɢ뱾ͬϢ飬Ҳͬûֱ١
䣡
۽֮ɫĽâ֮£Ӱգ֮ͱΪһصı̶꣬ڲԶ̾γһӰ
ͫȻһϸŶԷڵϢͬһȣȫ䵽մĸоֱѪ
ҪǣڵԴ޵ģǡǡ෴ǳ΢;𼸴˷ѡ
ƽӡ
վԭأɷѩ͸һԶ̣ڡ
ƿӡҾ󷨵ģɱңȻ֪Ҫƿӡмĵŷ磬͵ĴһǣԼ
ݵĽӴȻҲܹͬоԴԼѩӰżģѹͲ·в
㵱ΪұκβôȻƽˮƺδŭǣһ˿΢Ц赭дĿڵһҪɱ㣬ƿӡôȥɣ
µ˲䣬ıʱֳ˽׹ӰʥϢʱأ˲߿֮С
ǡħ֮
ֻһӰȴһۻһ۾˳ˣΪħ֮ʵ̫Ϥˣӡħ֮˵ֱʣǼֱл֮ȥج
ֻǣֵزҲٴˣħ֮û˲䣬־ͬʱ
޵ٶȣ
ħ֮ٶȾѾ쳣ֲˣ񷽴ǽ־ϣٶȴﵽһַ˼ľ硣
ָ֮䣬Ȼڿͬʱ˾ŵӰԶԶȥͺͬһʱ̷˲ӳ˾Žÿһ׼䵽ûӰ֮ϡ
Ƿǿķû£ϸûκôСĽҲֱܷЩӰ֮Уһ
ɣ֮ǿ໥תģôҪҳֱ޽ġ
ȴζţѩӰ޷ƽ⣡
ǵȾǿߣ֮ռ䣬ǿѹ֮£ԽһضסƾѹӰ
һ㣬ȻǾģǣħ֮ȴܹӵоԿֲļٶȣ
ֻҪٶ㹻죬ʱռ䶼ǿӵģ
޵ٶȣͬʱɱŸӰҲʲô飬һ㣬κ˶
ΪһĴ̿ͣÿһλɱ֮жҵʵķʽⱾǽܵķӦ
꣡
֮䣬˵Ӱͬʱڵ۽֮±飬ֻʣ۽ݺݵײһ뷽ͬʱֲײ֮еɶ
ѩӰƽ⣬һ̣ˣǰȻƺۣȴһĪѹȸУ·پȥĻᱻԷϮɱ
࣡
Σ֮£Ҳٹ˲ϱѩʥ޵ˣ
ϧķȴûдٸ˵Ļᣬһƽ˻Ӱѹû˿ķϻٶͷŵ£գ֮һն䡣
̫ˣȫķͲܹܵģûӳѤĵ۽Ѿ
䣡
һκ޻ɵײ۽ٴײһ𣬾֮£ʱƷɣԭش˸ǿվ
࣬ɱǺú̸̸ɣ
Ȼ񱻷ѹƣǱȴϾǱѩʥޣǿԶѰǿܹġȫ֮£㷽缤ԴҲ޷ʲô˺
̸У̫ô
̾Ϣһȴ˿ûò˼бųһĨɭȻɱһ̤֮䣬˱ʱԭʧˡ
سɴ磡
һ֮䣬ֱӴԽռ䣬һ̤ϣץסǣȻԴһѽݺݵ䵽˵ϡ
һʵ̫ͻأˣ쵽ûܷӳĹ㱻Ӳ䵽˵ϡ
ռ䷨ôܣ㵽ʲôˣ
һˤ֮£ǿҲˤ˸ͷת򣬵Ǹ־ĻǷͻȻչֳǾڿռ䷨ķ밡
ģǰൽʲôĹ̥
ֻеؽ׵ʵǶعȴԱ۷ǿߣе۽ǹܹԴ񣬾Ȼռ䷨ˣĻôͻǿߣҲͲ˰ɣ
ȫʢʱڣҲ£˱ӡȴеһС
ԷҪ⿪ӡôҲǲģ
ϧȴվ̫Сˣµ񣬷ﻹи̸еȤ
һսѾֶξˣݶԷȥ
̤֮䣬ٴչسɴϣ͸һɿµɷ۽׿ˣôһȭԴȥ
羢
ʮļޱڸԴȫһȭֱӽΧĿռ䳹״飬Ȼ䵽ϣȴӲĶǴ˿
֮ڣ޵У
־ϣɷȫһԵجΣȫû˿أ
һ̣絥۽ϾӲ˦գڴͬʱҽȻ㵽۽֮ϣߵĵ۽Ȼһ̣ħ֮ɿѾ׷˵۽˫ֳֽ£׼Ե۽ľ͸ľɱ
Ѫɢ˷һһϮմȾϵ죬ͬŵѪɫõ壬


 һʮ ½ڻ
ʬϣ˼ҪˣֶξܹõÿһȫѹեһϮɱмһѾ
սʱ򣬾˼£оƣսһͬ˷еһ㣬Դһѣվȡ
Ҳ֮ǰĲԷ̸еĹؼڡ
һսԼи֮£ԷͻȻɣкܴʿ͵Ϯɹʱ֮ء
ڷ˵ԲܽԼڱ˵һ֮䡣
ֻг׵Ļɱ˶Է
Ϲ̵Ѫѩѻĵת۱㱻ѪȾ죬ϣͬҲѾѪ͸
ҪȴȻ֣屻Ѫ͸Ĳ־Ȼ漣Ĳһů·ЩѪ˳ϵë͸һ㡣
˱ѩʥޣղӡڴΣȴ˷ӡŴǰǿȡѪ˳𣬺ܲ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ȴȻٴ˳֮ʱŭʣȻӦ˹ϵѪҺǱ
ǺεȴڣʵԸռ뾫ѪɼԵɺ֮£ԼȻϮɱ룬ǻЩѪȫ˷ѵǱˣ
һˣʱκԥе۽ٴỮٴθһڣ˽ȥƾѪԼȫ͸
΢ԥһ£ͷڴڵѪҺ
ԭ̵ѪҺ˳ź֮ȴȻһµļҪ˵ѪҺ׶ᡣ
ҲҿķѾӦ˼ѪڣĻµѪҺѾԽˡ
ɲ֮䣬ϵȫ񣬾Ŀʼ˶뾫ѪȻͬ쳣ѵģķȴԼѾһЩʹ÷ʽǿںϣҲ޷
ķȻ֪뾫ѪżĴḁ̃ǣȴԲֱġ
գҲռ֮Сĵʵеļ޺ľѪ
ҲǷ磬۷˭뾫Ѫһʱ̾͵ûΪˮǵȴڣҲк档
һĳ뾫Ѫ֮з磬ȻҲûע⵽ѪϵʣΧƬռ䶼֮˱仯еİۿɼķʽɿɢߵ¶Ҳ֮

ͬһʱ䣬СħȻ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫѪɫĳȻһצӷɿڿлһѪɫƣŹϵģϲӿصѹ
ʲô
СħȴǸͲ֪ʲôֻǱСħͻȻĶŪĲ֪룬ϵվȴʼղҽӽСħ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬Ҳܹĸоһǿ˳żӿԿֲٶСħӿȥ
Ȼħ֮飡
Ƭ֮䣬ֻһС̬֮Сħǰɫ࣬ͬʱҲż־ŭ
ѩʥޣ㱻ѹǧأڽѣӦҲǡĿ룬СħԹԵĲеơ
ѡôСħʵ
ԭȷڣӦѾˡ˿̬ȣСħȻڵ
⻰ȴǲûҭûնɱԼСħ϶˶ԷСħ˵ԼʲôأһƷ
֪ʲôǵڣҲȻ͸羿ʲôʵȷ
ûôӣ¶һ˿õЦݣСħһֻеؽ۷ʵѣ
ⲻܣ⻰ȴԱκصˣ⻰뼸ҪˣһͨࣿһֻеؽʵྐྵȻͽԼɱˣ
ϣûʲôԲܵ顣Ƴһ룬СħĴôһȡ㾫ѪʱƺҲֻ׵ʵɣ
⣬ȴǶʱĬ¶һ˿ɬ֮⣬̾ϢȻˣһ˾޵ྐྵȻƫ
ˣʱˣҲ·ˡɨһѾɵƣСħ˹Ŀڵ
⻰жʱһ˿ŵĿ־УҪɱң
֮ǰȻնɱǷʵȴվ̫δܸ֪ʵȵزֻҪ겻𣬾ͻлܹΪѩʥޣվôױնɱġ
ǣСħȴҪҲһȷʵ˰
ȻΪأѵһҪȥӡ㲻ɣȻ룬Сħʵ
㲻ɱҲӡ֮صĺģ䣬ʧȥѹı½ܿͻ֮ãȴȻƴֻΧص֮£еŬȴͽ͵ģȫ𲻵˿á
ͱΪһںдһ˿֮ɫСħɭȻڵҿǱɵ˰ɣˣ½Ǳħġ
ֱ˿̣оִ̹ǵĿ־壬ûСħ˽Ϊ½ӡڴʶģΪСħҲǽסãȴȫû뵽һΣȴǳ׵ˡ
ɣ֮֮ݲ赭дĻӶצӣСħӿ³һŹֵַʱܵһɾ޴˺ص˺ȥ
ҲӡˣҪѪ뵽ģ뵽ģſѪɫƣȻʲôŭ
ҲڶϾһ˿ϣ
СħҪѪ飬Խ⿪ϵķӡ£ʲôСħıˡ
㲻ֹҪɱҡҪ顭ŭ֮£ֻǻû˵꣬㳹ױ˽ȥת֮ͱΪžӨѪ飡
գСħ˵۷ǿߵ꣬ѾһѪˣΪѩʥޣΪǧķӡ֮Ѿ˥һּ͵ĳ̶ȣҲȻɾѪ顣
㣬ѾϵȵزˣŻʲôôһ׼ħɣ
۽תߣСħһ˿мɭȻڵ
һɲǼ䣬ߵʱĲ֮ǰСħĻҲͬˣۿ䣬ȴѾµ˼㣡
ηģԼΪ뵽ᵽǿֲĺ
½ڻ


 һʮ 
½ڻֶ˵ֱǳ׵ĩգ
ػһˣȫڱ½֮ϰһ½ڻ˵Σ٣ػһеһѣǲһԵѰ
ħ㲻ú
͸һ˿ķŭŹȣȴСͬӶϻӶצһһ̣ͻȻµСħ˼
һʼСħ͸ʹκһػһ˻
νϣͷβֻһѣСħҪַʽػһᣬػһ˵ȥѪ飬˵Ľ⣡
Ҫȥ֪ͨˣֻȴҲѾȫûˡ
ѪɫĳӶСħצߵķ䣬ɲ֮䣬һɿֲ깥£
룡
Сħƽʱ֣ȴζţûֻ֮壬Ѱǿ˵Ҳȫ޿ɿ
ֱĨɱǿ߾ˡȻ۷ʱڣҲȫ޷˵Ѿϵֵزˡ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ߵֱӱͬͶ֮ϵѪɫ֮УתۻΪһžӨѪ顣
촽СħٴͶ˼۵ķĿ䣬һ֮ȥϲã
ɵļʣȻˣɱϾǷն룬ӵ룬ɾͲڵܹԸˣҲ֮ǰûиŷһ뼫۵ԭ

䣬˶ֹͣһճĹӶһѹֵš
ѾһƬǽ壬ӽ۵Ѿ֣淢һУҲû˸ҹȥ
ŰҲܹĸо¶ȵ½һ־ΥĺУͬĻеη塣
ڴڵıϣС骵ãʱ뷽뿪ķָڵ·ϲš
С骣ôȥԷɡ
˵֮䣬ѩĵС骵ߣ˵
㣬˵ǻôãĽĿͶ㣬Сʵ
Ҳ֪ĬãѩվǿЦҡͷС骣ˣЩѾܹӰˡ
ǣǡǴشӵİ
ᵽѩҲһɬΪЩܵѾܾ˴˵İۣԹҲδ
꣡
ͻȻ֮䣬ͻȻһʱСѩע˹
ʲô⿴ܣȴδκ쳣Сɻʵ
ҲǡǱ߷Щʲôɡ䵽Ƭֵѩ૵
һжսĻġѾԶܹҵˡ

꣡
ٴѹʱΧһȻ췭ظ£ʬѾˮУ
ûǱѩǻˮֹʬ壬ΧһƬռ䣬Ѿˮңˮڲϵӣ
˲䣬ȻӦ˹ڻѩѾʼڻˣ
ԭӽȵѾӽˣȻ200ȣֱ仯Է綨ҲһȻ
΢˼˼룬絥һУ۽ȻΪһ裬ͬһʱ䣬ȻԾ˵۽̤Ӷ
ڷҲѾҪˣǰѾһ͸Ŀն͸һ󼫺Ϣ
ֵزĻ˿ԥ˲Ϣ֮䣬̤ŵ۽͸Ŀն֮У
ˣ
һɲǼ䣬رãһǿҵͻȻϮӲֱӴӿקֱ㶵䵽˵֮ϡ
һ̣㷴Ӧ˹ֳŵأ۽ƯͷһοƬء
ɾǷ翴Χ֮ĵһӦ
Ƭռ䶼ǵİɫֲصΪеķһƬĽףͬһƬ֮һ㡣ǽ̤Žʵĵ棬ҪΪԼǴ֮ˡ
˳ǰķȥһֱʮҵıӨ͸͸һ㣬˲ԾͻеһĿ
Χܲһ˿вյģ·ûκ˻ڡ

ҪκεĽͣѾȷĿ꣡
׵ľ룬ڷ˵Ҳ˲ϢľѣǣȴδֱӳȥһСĵ˹ȥ
ΧûκΣգȻȴҲҿ϶һ⣡
һ̿˵ǻȥ֤
ȻϵǣֱһߵǰҲȫû˿쳣
ָᴥûеļ෴һĸо޲֮С
΢˫ͬʱеϣȻɲ֮Ӳ
¡¡
Ȼڷ罫˲䣬ռȻۿɼٶȲϻ
ֱ˿̣ƬռΣڣ
Χǿ·ٱǧǿ˵ǷˣܶüΪѣ
ھλãֻм׵ľ룬ƽֻҪգ֮ܶɹľ룬ȴֱ˾ǵ
ռ䲻ϱ֮䣬ռѾüΪңسɴҲ޷ʹá

˫Ȼչħ֮һ񣬷ȻΪһӰųڶȥеħ֮ǰ·𶼳ʧȥЧ
ħ֮İ׵ľ룬˲ϢǿռٶҲԶԶȲϷٶˡ
ȻôôΪħ֮˶׼ôӦģСħӦöǳŶԡһε˷ӡİɣˣڿѾƬռһ˰ɡ
תЩͷͬʱҲѾĴƬռ䣡
ž޴ıȴҲһЦ⣬Ҳδ̫˰ɣԭĸΪֻаƴСء
գ֮䣬ҲȫûпϾȥЩˣƬռ飬·һźţһ̣ΧĿռȻɿڣȫˮԷʵҲòǱӴܣ

¡¡
½֮ϺȻһɽХĺ֮֮ҵĲ޷վ
ǣ½֮¶Ѿʼ˷ɿڻҪκ˽ͣ㷴Ӧٳٶ۵ˣҲѾܹԵˡ
Сħô£
ħ֮УɫʱüΪѿʵ
նɱ˱ѩʥްɣЦһ£Сħε˵ˣѩʥ޲󷨵ĺնɱûܹѹӡĴڣȻңҲû½֮ӡˡ
⣬ȴǲȻһ׷ʵжأ
ðɣӡϾƽģδӡԻ٣ڻֻб½֮ػܵһӰ죬ǾԲӰ쵽Ϳ̿ҡҡͷСħ漴͵
½ڻһ˲䣬ػһ壬ǸѩСŮĵܵܣ
˲ϸСħ˵һ֮䣬ȻΪӰŴӵķ˹ȥ


 һʮ ػɣ
Ӱӣ
ѾһƬң˶ĿĵӴܣŭ˻𣬾Ľһ̣˶˾С
ڱ½û˱ǸϤȻ˽ٶȵ£޴ˣҲζʲôˡ
ò˶ã½ͻ᳹ڻʱֻ¶һ
ǿߣûﲢȱǿߣ˵Ҳܹշеģǣػһ弸ȫľ˼֮ӦϣǷĳ̶ȣ˾ļɶԶף
ҲֻͿշжҪǣƬ½ڻѵΪֻƽô
ɽХĻ֮ѾĸˣںȴŵģȻǿֲĺХ볱ϫǿµȻ籩ˡ
㣬ô죿ΧҵȺСͻȻܺ£СҲûоľ䣬ԭ۰ǵүүҲѾһ̣ӿϵֻףҲֻһʮһĺӶѡ
ǣҪߣôѣ
С骵ĻԱ߶ʱһݺһ˹ֱӽС߷˳ȥһͷԵϣͷԼһ˿Ѫǻ̿֡
˺ҵܵܣ
ۼС骱߷ɣѩɫȻƵ˵С骵ǰۣȴǿĲ뿪벽
ܵܣҲֹҪҲһ򣡡һ̵µѩϣЪ˹ĴŻ־һѩ˹ȥ
ĶݺݵĴѩϣ˲һӡѩҲͬ򷭵˵ϣ
أ
껹ҪٴʱԱȴȻܳһӰҧĸ첲ϣ
ʹ֮䣬겻Ծһ漴һĨɱ첲Ȼһˤһѱ㽫˵ϵĺӰץ
Сǣ
һ̣ѩС骾ͿǵӰǴСһֱߵѩǣΣյʱʱ㲻˹Էһ
飡
һȭҵѩǵϣŭĴҲҧңȥɣ㣡
ѩȻ⣬ȴվޣܹܵסĹˣȭǾѪһϢİ
ſСǣ
ۼѩǱ꼸ҪС۾ʱѪ죬һ˹ȥȫһҪԷͬھļơ
ƾ㣿С֣涼һɵģ㻹Ҷ֣֮£Ҳʧȥǣһ£ֱӱ㽫ѩǵԴѣԶԶĶ˳ȥͬʱȻһһì֣С骵ȥ
Ҫһ˲䣬ѩҲۣܲ˵˵С骵ϣҪ赲Էıì
ķڶһ̣ѩתͷҲĸܵϢ
Ҫô̫̰˰үү˵ġ֪ܲܿ磩
һ˲䣬ѩС骶Ѿ׷ˣȴĽ٣
ȻϢʱȥѩСȴȻûиоʹֻǶһ̾Ϣ֮
ʶ۾ѩŷ֣֪ʲôʱ򣬷ѾǰǸԭӦôеıìôץǷ꣬ȴѾĵȥѾˡ
İѾѪ͸һϮѪ£Ȼһ̣վѩС骵ǰȴƫƫ͸һ쳣ܰĸо
һ˲䣬ѩֹס
ˣˣȥ桭ѰңǱӵеģɣ
Ὣѩ뻳Уѩı԰ο
磬ǡô涵Ŀŷ磬ѩɫӵʵ
ûдǴ磬ûػǣ΢΢ҡͷȥѩ۽ǵˮ絥ֽѩͬʱ֣СҲ̤ͬ˿С
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬Ѿʼ飬һЩ׵ǿͬ˿⣬̫˶ڻıˮ֮УƴȴСĸ޷˿
Щ˵겻˷ѣǻĿѪ飬ռǵ꣬˵ܹչǡ
ӶųСħɨһѩС骣˵
ҪħСħĻѩʱɫ䣬ҪӷĻֹСħ
촽СħԼȥ˶ѣҲռǵ꣬Ҳһα˷ѵôꣿ
ˣСħ˵ǼֱͲǼ£˵ֻػһ⼸ٸˣٶʮٱСħҲԲһüͷ
ĿСħȴҲվûֹСħĻȻ̣Ǵĳ̶ֳ˵ҲЩ˰ɫռǵѪҲûʲô
Ҫ磬㣬ȾǺô۾ͨЩףѩקŷӰ
ǸʵЦһ£ε̾Ϣ㿴ˣҲֶֻֻѣ
磬һа취˵Ҫǳȥ磬Ҫɣżקŷĸ첲ѩ˵Ҳ޹İ磬˵׷ɵȨôҲа㣬Ⱦǰɣ
ɡ򵥵ִĸоȴǽȻͬģǴѩСŮ˵
ĬƬ̣㲻ôڸոգǻ֣ǡҪɱڣ㻹ô
ĬƬ̣ѩڵֻǾѡգǲΪػӣԸ磬Ҳǣֻûɵı½ɡҪԼȥػ
磬㿴ǻкֻܶǺӣ͵ܵһĺ޹ģҲ׷ɵȨ㲻Ҫôǡ
ôĬĬľ׽򵥵֣վ̾ϢһͷãҴӦ㣬ܣ
һ仰£Ȼһ˿Ȼ֮ɫڵľͣԼ۱ìҸʮϢʱ䣬ʮϢ֮һ۳ì뿪
һ仰ȴǶ˾ȷһ仰֮ڳÿһ˵Ķ֮У
ôĻСħʱ̲ס˳磬½ΪһƬôܾȵǣ
ôСħ絭ڵɣ˵ˣһᾡܣԣô֪һܳɹ
㣡һ˲䣬Сħȴǲ㱻ҭֵôǶ˵ֻһЩɵˣΪǣ㾹ȻҪðôķգΪǾ飿
ɵˣûڷ˵ѩС⣬֪ڳκһ˵֣Ȼǲɵˣ
շӣȻֻ֣񣬷ĵطȴѩˣ
ԼСʱʱԼҲֻһ¶ͷԼ˷ɽϣԼҲѾ˰ɣ
һ˵ףվԼģǲһ£ⲻ
ѩ˵ĶԣػһվҲֻǿƷѣͬ޹ģҲ׷ɵȨ
Լĺް취ҲͰˣ񣬼Ȼһ߻ᣬֺαϧأ
ô˲Ϣʱ䣬Ļػһ˶һ˿ϣ۳˱ì
ץˡȫȥػǵġɣ


 һʮ ׳۵

ǴڷңӣҲ޷ôĳ
ٸìÿһ϶һˣڽ׵ĸ߿֮Уĺ֮дȻȻⲻ˻˴ӱìϵȥ߱뺣֮УǣٴˣƾССһì֧Ѱһϣ
߿֮УɫѾòҰףķʽʩչʵ̫ˣ񷽴ʵѾնɱ۷ǿߣҲ޷ıվֻǵؽ۷ʵ
ͬʱУھԼʵ̫ˣŽɳ˲Ѿеһ֧ȥˡ
ڻı½ȴķΧҲŲֻǽ˰ٷ֮һľѡ
磬㻹ô籧ڻѩȻܹĿƣĵʵ
û£¶һ˿Ц⣬΢΢ҡͷٴǿǰȥ
û£ôû£һСħɭȻڵΪôУ٣
ˣСħ˵ȥֱӴЩзִ磡
鵽ֵز˵ʲôѾûбҪˣѩǣ޷ҲǼǵѡ
ڷ˵ѩС骾ǵͷϷɽ֮ǰԼһĺӣӦôӳЩصĶ
Ȼֽ׳յΪðȴϾڷйŵңСħĵףѾ˷δˣȴҲվ÷淽˼ֻǽͷתһߣѹٴСһ
ʮʼձһԾȵٶȲǰУʼδһԣֻʱصƣȻ޷ˣÿһ·ǾԵļ尾
Σ̲ס˷Щ˵ͷȻȴվѹ
㾿Ҫ赽ʲôʱ򣿡оʶѾʼģˣСħ̲סٴκ˳ɿѪɫĳ˷ǰ
ҷ˶ԶСħ̬ȣƽķʵ
һǧĿŷ磬Сħ˵½ıԵٻаǧ뾫Ѿӽٽֵôȥ˵ǾˣԼҲô
⻰ȴҲԿţ뾫άŷܹάְȫĻһʧȥЩǷһƬ֮УҲͬһ
֮£ټЩˣֻ͸֧뾫ǡ
ǣЩȴҲͬż޵ģһޣȴŷģҲֻˣСħ˵ΪЩɵˣԼ־أԲ֮ġ
ǵСħŻһЩ֪Ҫǣھ˵ʱǲӦȿһԼԼѵûһ֧ŲȥֹЩˣСһҲͬһ
⻰˷Ҫڷ˵СһҪЩҪĶģΪԼһʱĳ嶯ҲһĻǾֵ̫ˡ
ƺ⶯ƣСħڵ㲻ǾҲ飬û硭οҪ׷ɣȻҪ۵ػһ壬䣬뿪½Ѿǽ⿪䣬˷ӡôҪȥȻֻԼѵΪκδ۾׵õôô˵飿
⻰СħûˣǹŴе˶
һ̣˶ĬСħĻȻ̣ȴޱʵΪػһ壬Σʱǣʱ䣬ȴҲѾô侲ˣǰ˼ûǸƴǣ
οҲͼֲȥˣôȥĿܣǴһ
죬ѩҪ˵Щʲôȴվ֪Ӧοڡ
ѵȰôЩɶ˰ǴСˣô˵ֻһ֮䣡
ѵܹȨô
ǣ˾Ҫ÷ҲðķôŷɳһǧѾ۵ļ;ƿ˼ȥ˭ֵܱ֤ܹȥ
ȰȥҲͬ˿ڣ
С骣ѾŪɵˣңҲ֪Ӧ˵Щʲôˡ
˵ĶԣҪɣȷӦøۡݴ۲Ӧ
ͻȻ֮䣬ػһ˿ڵ
һ仰ĳڣ˵Ҳһ˿֮⣬ԭĿ־˼֣˼ƽ
ûۣӦܹӣ߾ȫźӺŮ뿪ȻˣҲܺЦţ
һͷһԵĺӣڵ
ôһ仰ʱΧ˵Ĺ񷽴״̬ҲͬǲһЩˣûκϣӳȥ
ȻˣôѡΨһ·Զ˽ģʱȴܻһЩԸվΪУһЩһЩˣԶԼҪҪ
ЩˣڻǲδֹֻĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ֵǣػһ屻½ǧ꣬лܹ䣬ǵĺôǵܹʱ䣬ܹ׷ѰһӶɵõɡѵܺЦô¶һ˿ЦݣЦſڣӣػһ֮ǰвȴܲǰӣΪλԱӴ
˵仰϶ʱ¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫЦɿеıìһͷ֮Уת۾ں֮ʧȥټ
·һźţһ̣иվ˳ŷһȭЦͬɿìԾ˺У
ףݸѣ
ѾõϣȴĸԸĽݻûˣԼݸľǺεȵļѣ
ЩˣȴƫƫܹЦŴݸҲȷ̾
Ƿ磬һ̣Ҳһݾ֮⣬ĬĬЩ˵ıӰŵԣ
ûҪʣ˵뿪ȷΪԼΣգǣ񷽴ȴҲѾû˿ԥЩܹݸôԼûмƴô
ɷһŵǧݰδڣ
ڷ˵Ӳŵԣһ£Ǳ׿裬ٴѣҲȫ˷
ϼһǣǻһˣѵ˲ɣ˻̫࣬ǾͲҪ̰˰ɣ
ЩϤӰԾ뺣УػһǣҲ¶˾ģһתۣǼʮȺԾ˺У
ôһʱ䣬ԭ˵Ķ˲ͼ˴룬ʣµѾֻвˡ
һٴδ߶뾫ɿǰȥ
˴ϵѹʱеٶһ࣡
ЩԷ뺣еػˣСħԥһ£ҲûᣬЩ顣
Ϊ֪粻ӦҲͬкܴһǱЩ˵ľжУȷκˣСħ˵ҲͬΪ֮ݣ
⣬ֲò壬֮Ĳͬɣ
ֻǣˣʣµİǧҲԲɣƱػὫһ֮·вͻᵼȫĸ
һ̣СħȴͻȻЩˣ֪ˣοѾ˼־棿
Ҫ֪ˣػһ˶ӦΪѪĲǣ
ΪһУɴһҽһпй¶һϢȫڣȴ룬Ūɳ׾Σյľأ
Ϊ÷ѾĬϵδǲԩˣ
СħȴҲͬп˵ˣЩȴһֶҸģҲֻһδ漣ˡ


 һʮ ӳ죡
֮ءǱߵ׷ʲô
żķ򣬱¶һ˿֮ɫ䣬ȴǲԾ˷Ӱ
ǣҲܹ׵ĸо֮صı仯ʵϣҲֹڱǿߣҲѾоǱߵı仯˰ɣ
ϧ֮أһǾԵĽ֮أ˵һףǱȴҲԲԸ룬ڱ˵Ǽһհ׵ء
˵ôĶΪɵģǲ֪ΪʲôоǱ߱仯˲䣬ͲԾ뵽˷磬·ֻҲӽʵĽˡ
Цһ£ڻҡҡͷ̤˹Ը裬һ˰ɣסҪ룬ڼ֮صΧ̽һ̽ʲô
ǣϣ΢΢񣬷ƽĴӦ
һȣ
һ£΢˼һᣬԸĻסҪΪҲҪйϢй¶κˡ
磿
ٴ֣ǷҲ΢΢һ漴һȻʧԭء
΢΢ҡͷٴת˻ʹ֮⣬ЩӣӸظǿ߲ϵĴڣнˣ
˵ĴƣǱҲмȻЩ˵ĿȴɶǷ磡
֮Ǳߵ״ǷġôշǻСӵӣӦҲʱҪ˰ɣ
ѹôãһһֲķ籩֪Ҫ˾ˣ
뵽ԼҪԼй£б㲻һЦڻ飬Ҳδؾһǻ¡
Էݣ²ûչ˺𽣬Ҫۺǡ
ңӣЩһֱţЩǿߵĵҲδ˿ʾͺѹͲ֪Щһ
Ȼȴ˭ԼλѣĳĬǰףδɱ¾֮£һΣǵǣֻжǿأ

ǧ
һ·ɳôԶʶѾʼģˣǾ񣬶Ѿѹե˼£񷽴͸֧Ĵ۴߶ԼУ
СħһֱĬţ·ѾǰΣգΨѩ򷽴ԽԽӣҪڣȻһеĻȴ˵ۡ
ͷһΣѩʹԼܣﲻκæҪ۷粻òʼձԼܷܵС
СħжԶѾЩɬˣڡ
ǧңڷѯʣСħû˿ƽĻش𣬲κθɫʡ
ô˵Ѿɹ˴ľˣ¶һ˿΢Цظܵͣȴһ˿ο֮⡣
ѾҪŲȥˣĬһӣСħŻ˵͸֧أٷǧͻᱻƣϿ壬ʱ̾ͻ˯֮У֪֮ģֻ֮壬ﲻ㡣
һǧôСħͻȻʵСħ֪ʲôô
ʲôĻСħ΢΢һĿʵ
ҲҪɵЩԾ󺣵ʱҾŵԣҲҪ뿪Ƭԡ;ƿݣ뿪½֮ǰҲԲᵹµģұ֤
һ˿ᶨ֮ɫȻһЦٶȲһ˲䣬ȴǽһԺֻʣһ˵ִ
ķʽܷ񣬵ȴò˵ΨһĻˣ
ǻʶб᲻ԾĲַӵͷӰ췽ľǣһУֻһִôܲ˿ӰӲƴס
ӱ˵Ѿֻ־ˣǣˡ
Ҳֻܴɱ䣬ͬƼɵ˳ԣ
ŷʶСħЦһ£ڻǻΪһ̾Ϣ
СħΣô
Сħѩڻ̲סʵ
б۾ѩһᣬСħŻʵСѾͷȷҪ֪ô
˵ͷѩ˵֪粻˵ǺܹܵģԸһһУ
ĬĬѩãСħָŷ绺˵Ϊʲôʵ
ʵѩ΢΢һЩ̫ȷ˵۷ôѾͻףүү˵ãײǾͷүү˵ܹԴͻ׵пܴ뿪½磬ܹƿӡӦѾͻ׵ɣ
Ʋ⣬ҲеģϾ½ķӡƽǱˣػһˣҲ˲ŵõ߳½ĻңڴػһǿߵһվҲˣЩǿߣڷǰҲͬǲһ
ܹôһɳǧʵ۷Ҳ첻ɣ
ѩΪԼӦòµİ˾Ųʮȴû뵽⻰СħȴǶʱЦļͻף٣˵ǵȾˣ׵ʵҲ׽ɴȥˣ
ʲôһ˲䣬ѩûܷӳɵĿСħʵ
׳գ磬Ҳǵؽ۷ʵѵûע⵽ԼҲ̤еôѵΪλˣ˧ɣЦſѩСħɭȻڣףҪ뿪ҪʲôĴô
Сħûоͣһ·ȥҪ͸֧Ҫðķգ򵥵ļ仰Ѿ˵һˣ
ؽ۷ʵ
һ˲䣬ѩɫʱĲҰܣ⼸ֱͬһݺݵͷ
ţؽ۷塭ʵڴУҲ㲻ʲôǸҪɱԼܵܵ꣬ʵҲֻǵؽ۷ʵѣ
ǣ뷽еĲֺܼ
һ̣ѩȫǿɬؽףһ֮ӲػһȫɳǧĴ磬Ȼֻеؽ׵ʵ޷Եؽʵ뾫÷֧ŷɳôԶģ
һתۼ䣬ѩֻۣ֪еؽ׵ʵ󷽴˵ĻҲ˵ڵġ
ֱ˿̣ףڷ˵ԼҪǺεȵĹ֣Է˵ǺεȵļΣգ
ˮͬߵһ˳ջ䣬ѩĿŷ磬Ƿůȴһ仰˵ˡ
ʵϣֹѩССħͬʱҲѾɵˣССԴ޷⣬һֻеؽʵˣȵزġ
ֻǣСУȴһǿҵĿĿ
ķȴѾСħĻҲ޷֪ѩǵıˣϡһ˿΢Ц籧ѩС骵ĸ첲Ȼ

֮أȻƮѩֻԭڼ֮Ϸļϫȴڲ֪䳹ʧˡ
ģӰĳ˼֮صıԵϸͻ֣ᷢЩһⶼ׵ʵ
ˣܣ֮صıʣȻǵ۽йͨǵıؾ֮·ֻҪ۽˻ڼ֮أͱȻҪܶס
һ΢̧ͷжһ·λڵ
Ѫɫѩ֮иԵøۡ
΢΢ͷΪ磬ָᰴĽϻȻܣҵõϢ۽˿¾öԸĮа̽Ҳ˵ܹʤȴȻУ˵пйʦ֣ȴҲԲС
Ȼ֮ʱҲзԸɴ⣬Դ˿ܷдѹӦˡЦŵ˵ͷ漴˵ҵǾãӦõ̷ңϾܹµ֮صıʸ۽йصģҲδֻһˡ
޷һҪһ֪һΣǵ۽˲֣򣬾ӲСЩˣ
ˣ˼ħҲ˱򣿡
ֻħҲͬˣֻңӻǣħ׳֣Էңӱߣ˵ͷΪ漴˵ȻңӰͶӰ֣֮ȴҲòϣңӵʵģħҲΪɵ򲻵ѣԸǣ۽˱ϾҲӣò
ˣȻħˣľǲҲõˣ˵֮ǰݸħҲǳԹ۽˲СĿ
ɣֻҪ۽¶棬Щܶ¶Ϊ˼һΣҲҪµ۽ˣֻҪõһֵϣر㹻֮һΣСΪϰɣ˵䣬ֽ˽磬Ϊ˻ٴͶ˱ɫ˵
˷ģף΢֣ͬʱش
ƺЩˬǣȴò˵Ϊм䣬žݶԵȨһ˾׾Բ˷档


 һʮ ŵ
½أ㣬㿴ǰ½ˣ
֮ϷУѩСҲͬѾƣˣԶԶľͿ½أһֺεȵ˷ܡ
ʵϣС骺ѩڣ˶Ѿͬǰ½أһ˲䣬˼鲻Խϲ
ԭеʱһɨգĵӣҪ׹ȥˣЩӣڷĿ£˶һ㶨ٶȲǰȴȻѹһʯϾ˭óѾ;ƿݵıԵû˸ұ֤һֵܹ
ǣڣһȴѾΪȥˣ
磬㿴ǰ½ˣӳˣ˷ܵץŷĸ첲ѩҪѷ磬ȴȫû˿á
ð׷ˣѾУǵ½أеִ͵õȵ׶ŻͣˡĺһСħֱӾһˮȻô˵ʵϣСħҲһ
ޱȵļѣȴڻǼˣ˵̫Ƕ⣬ֻҪ绹û׶ܹѷ껤겻𣬻ָͲֻһʱѡ
̶̲ʮӵʱ䣬Ȼ˳׳˱½Ȼ֮ҲܵһӰ죬ȴҲ֮ͬΪ
ȳ׷½أЩػһ˱̲סɿֱ֣ǳˮ֮У½رܶȥ
̤ŽʵĵǺı㣬һ̣ػһе˲ͬʱϲͬʱ˵ϣźķĬĬݡ
һݣΪһ·ϣΪƽԸˣΪɣǸĴۣҲܹЦˡ
ˣ
뼫֮ص˲䣬еִҲڳ£ʶ»ع壬ὫѩС骷£¶һ˿ȻЦݣֻǻûü˵һ仰ͳ˹ȥ
̫ˣһ·Ѿ͸֧̫̫࣬ȫƾһһִ֧ŵڣжеѹʱҲ޷ֹǹƣңֱεԭأ
磬磡
һ˲䣬ѩСͬʱס˷壬Сĵķƽڵϣǽǡ
ģúϢһ°бħڣˣƳһ۲ԶػһˣСħ˵
ȻѾȫˣҪһ·ΣգСħбⲻһɱֱ޲ýЩ÷Σеļһȫɱźá
һ˿ɱȴһţ˵ЩػһˣǾСħߵѩСҲûܷСħ쳣
㣬ôҲѩ粻˵磬ﻨ㣬ﶬôķѩС骻̲סѯʵ
׳գﻹǼ֮أȻȻƮѩˣ˳·һֱߣȻܿһĶˡ˷ۣСħûĺߵ
ԭ̫ˣǺܿܿľɫô˷С֣С骿Ц
Ǿ߰ɣڱħǰˣһСħȴǶʱȴܹЩһˣֻ罫Щļһȫߡ
ҪСҪȴѹ粻ѣСĶȥľ¶С˵żջ뵽ȻԲѣСȴǾԲ뿪ġ
֮ǰǲߵġ˵ͷѩִͬĿСħ˵
ģĿѩСħмĴΪܰʲôЩ׸ѣӦǴѾҲκιϵ
ҲܣҾǲߣִĵСħС˵
һ˿ɱСħɭȻڵҾǣòҪͼսħͼޣ򣬾ǴˣħҲܹͬĨɱǣ
ɱңҲߵģηСħѩƽ˵֪ǰﲻϴʲôǣȴһҪȵŻ뿪
Сħ˵ʲôһ㶼ı䣬Ǵ֣֮ƴ˶Ѿߵĸɸɾˣϲ˵ҲȻǳĵѩôҲ鷢ġ
ѩСħȴվûɱѩ֣ܹ֤˿ۼһ÷֪ٴαŷ˽Ծ飬Ȼֱӳ֣ϧһд۵ĽĨȥ
ңСħУ缸ѾˣȻΪôС͸
޷ǾûκвСѣػһСħҲͬûзϣʵʵĲҪҲͰˣĻСħƿ˲ϢЩ¾һգ
յһСħСһһͷԾ˷ļʧӰ١
СħУϣЩػһܹͻȻǲźĽȫĨɱΪѪˡ
ȻԸΥһ̣ЩػһҲڶӦ˹ŷλһݣÿжһ˿м֮⡣
ȻʣµѾˣһֱػһϵļҲڴˣСħ˵ҪɱȻҪ۵ģڣػһѾ㹻Ĵۣ
Ҫκ˵ķԸػһ˱Էػ˷ߣγһʱķȦ绤ڵС
ʱţת֮䣬ȥ֮ڣػһʼûκһ뿪벽
ڳ˯֮Ҳڻ˹ԴȻЩأȻȴվǻָʶ
ˣһֱ۲ŷ״ػһ˷ַѵ˲䣬Ȼ˷ܵĺ˳̶ʮʱ䣬ػһ˱һϵ˷ߡ
ȻƺǷҲ΢΢һ漴̲סЦɤЩɳƵİֵҲˣҴӦǵģֱӽֱǡ
عǫػһķӡƣЩ˸ȫƾܻ뿪½һܸĿڡ
ҡͷػһһлɣ
˵֮䣬ȴ֣µŷϹϾİ
һ˲䣬ػһҲͬʱл
̾ϢһЩеĳֿҲûһЩ˵һݣܵ
ֱЩ˰꣬ԼˣˣһˣҲ㵽ΪֹˣԺҪˡ
΢΢Ƿǻһ񣬷˵
ˣػһǹȣպ۹κηԸػһ嶼ӣ
ͬһŵһػһ巢˳ŵԶõһ죬ǣ緽Ҫػһ嶨߾ȫԱ֮
лˣ֣µĻһ񣬷ŻڵѾ뿪˱½Ӵһ·ϣǱˣ뿪֮ȥĶܺúõֻն½λСģպлᣬǻҲټ֮ա
û˿ˮֱӾͳԸˣݣҲȷʺϼػһһ𣬰ŷӣȻ˿ԥˣ
һ仰Ƿֱ֮ˡ


 һٰʮ ޵
ԶѩЩɬ˵ϲ뻶ĵҲоĵȴƫƫûԼҲݻ֮С
ˣһʱ̤ѩȥɴ䡣
˻ȴףǸػһ뿪½Ĵ磬Ҳֻеؽ׵ʵѣһ·˶٣ûȴȫȻûҪκλرߵôѣ⡣
һѩסӿƮѩŵܵһ·ǰվûпڡ
ʱ˵ʲôҲ޷ֹһˣ
粻˵ôҪԼҪ׷ɣʲôÿԼȥȡȥŬ
ټĻټһô

̤ŷѩĿǵķ򣬷΢΢̾ϢһҲ֪һʲô˼
һ·²̫ƽӷļСħƳһ£Ŀڵ
ôòңҼȻѡȥ㲻۾ûգһ£ƽĿڵ
½һУڷʵҲԲֹһǰ㣬Сħܹǰ쳣˵Ҳͬʲôѵ顣
ȻѾ֣ѪȴȻҪ⿪һطӡעȻҪһѪȵɱ¾
ڷʵСħȻѾûκλɣ֮ԿڣҲֻǼѷɱ¾ѡ
һǰȥĽŲû˿ңҲͬһǳȵٶȣƻʵȴԶκεؽǿȫܻҪһߡ
۽ˣôͷȴҲˡ
м䣬ͻȻһżֳƮ죬ֻȴ޷׽Դ
ΧȻѩƮ⣬ȫûκ쳣˲һֳ˻ĸо
µĲȻûƬ̵ͣҲȫûκα飬·ûһ֡
ַӦԶԶ˶ԷԤϵģû֮еľţҲûй򶨣˼ѹûҳĴ㣬ֱӾͰ㵱˿ָоʵץ񣬺ʹȴȫ˿մ
磬˴Ѳ޵Ͻ۽˵һһҲ֮𣬿еĿǰߣȴй֮޲
ȻۺεȵĿȴȴȻһƬĬ
磬Ϊװôǻ۽ɾҪġ
ۣ
û£ֻһƿնգ۵Ĺ֮б͵صһͷ­Ź̵Ѫѩ֮У˵һĨѪɫ
ֱ˿̣Ȼû˿˵˼µĲһƽһЩģͲոһǷ
Ȼһȴ״һؽ۷ǿߵһ˿ֺͷӦĻᶼûС
һ˲䣬ڷѩ֮е˲ʧ˵Īĵһ˵Ŀ־Уֻͷܡ
ýδʣܻΣ̶δɳ˵زҵСˡ
ƣӰʱӷѩ֮˳һϮ£ų˱ͬһѳʵܲδ֣ϵƱѾΧһˡ
а裡
Χ˱һϳݣµһ֣һһĮľǿߡˣû˸ӡ
㣬Ҳȡģ
÷ͣ˽ŲƽĿʵ·ѯʵĲֻһɵСһ㡣
ɱ֮ģֻǿ㹻ʸ
΢΢ҡͷ赭Ȼ̧ͷĿ֮У·͸һԴ͸Ľ⣬Ƶ˲ֱ֮ӡ
ǷģѾˡֻǣңɱ㡣
Ĭ˰ӣ绺ڣȻ˿㱻һ߱Ҳû˿˱ܡ
νǷģȻָһδϹɱַǷػ⣬ǸʱԼûдɱ˸Ļᡣңڻȥ֮ʱҲշΪͽԱȫĻ
˵ˣָ֮ʱԳ֣ЩѩնɱһսеҲ֮նϣԷ˵ķ裬Ҳֻһ·˶ѡ
ֻű𽣬Ը֮Ϊжѡ
⻰һҲ˵룬ΧȴǲһƬȻɱ㣿⻰δ˵Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ҲûɱȤȻҲоĿܡⷽĻָɨһԲԶλãһ˿һӡ
ò˵˿˵ȴǸϢ۷Ҫ۽ǻŷ磬˵һвǿߣ򲻵ѣûԸ
οı󣬻б
磬Ҳԩ޳𣬻Ǿ仰۽̾ߣ⼫֮أ֮
˵֮䣬ΧϡԳʮ˵ӰڣȻ˺ġ
￴Ϸ˼ЩˣȻһâɭȻڣڴͬʱһ̤ɱϯѪɫɱִڱǼ֮䣬Ӳӷѩ֮бƳ˵Ӱ
ȻмֶΣŷǣ̫ô
Ķŷ磬Ϊ˻ڵ
Ѿ޵Уǲѷɣ
ָЩˣʮ֮Щһ絭
һ仰ֱҪԷ˼׽ҿȴȻû˿֮ɫ
⻰һҲͬʱɫ䣡
֮ؿɲȱ𴦣ѩ֮УǿߵҲͬҪܵӰ죬ʮľ룬ټأ˵ǵؽˣǿߣҲ޷ĵǷȴƫƫô赭дĵ˳
ʵĪǵֶβɣ
Ȼ֮£ȻǷǵǿߣҲŤתǬһߵĻǾȫûκˡ
䣬Էܹǵʮ֮⣬ƾһ㣬ҪסѶȱ㼸ǳʮˡ
ǳٳٲ϶֣ڵ󷨵ɰɣ˱ļΪѿɫҸᣬν޵ܲץסҡ
½֮У¶Ȳ֪ҪͶ٣ǱѩʥޣҲϮɱˣﻹںһӰ죿
˵ν壬Ǻںع鱱Ҫֻⱱ֮УƱزΪ裡
οѪ黹δ۴룬ɱ¾Ʊ޿ɱ⣬򣬲˵ģСħһֻ¾Ͳù֪СħֶεģһؽڼСħȡ꣬Ҳ˿е֡
Щ˸ײǹģڷӦߣֻҲѾˡ
޵
һСģȫ淴ɣЩͼ֮һС


 һٰʮһ ܣ
Ѫ
ħµĴԾʮŸؽ۷ʵǿ߽Ѫ׶ľѪѪ󣬽󷨵߶¡
ϣǾʮŸǿ߲ϧʩչӵսԽ״ڵĿܡ
ȻȻǲôǿڵģֻǵؽ۷ǿִ߶Ҳɳ֮춯ˣŵ˵Ȼ۷ĴڣһУҲֻһ;ˡ
ҪĲóĴʱҲһʱᣬЩ˲뾡һа취ʱˡ
Ͼһ֣ȳϮɱЩ֮ˣǱܿЧİΣա
ԭǿ粻һؽ׶ѣȻЩ⣬Ҳ۷⣬ȴϣʮľ룬ܹĲ쳣ңȻѡôһֿ̬
᣿
ֱԼǣÿжѪģһ̣ȷɣҲǲΪ֮̾ԭᶨҲһ˿Ķҡ
ֶü͸һĨκθɫʵƽ
ûмûвмη壬ƽȴܸһ֮ѹ
ˣ
̶̲ʮӵʱ䣬ĲõɱڿѪɫ˲ӳƬա
һɲ֮䣬ԭڿƮķѩȻΪһƬѪ죬͸ѪζԼҪŻ
ɱʵʣƬռγһֶصĹ֮ѰĵؽףҪԷٴ߶ʲôòһʱ̾ͻֱӱĹͬΪһ̲Ѫˮ
ϧ֮ڷȴȫɰӰġȻȻǵؽ۷ʵҪ۶عƿ֮۷ǿߣҲ˿Ѷãô׾ܵӰ죬Ͳ֪Ѿٴˡ
е˼Щɻ̧ͷɨһΧȫûжֵܵ˼ôѪɫѩɢ䵽Լϡ
粢֪ѪҲ˿ȤֻҪ漰ıԴ֮󷨣ƾسɴֶαɵȥοħ֮ڣҪס磬³ǵǵȴԳֲпˡ
ЩˣǿҲ׶ѣѹͲ˿в
ѪѪΪ
Ϊһ˿֮ɫȴȻ˿û˼һؿڣٴһھѪɭȻڵ
ͬʱάתҲһھѪϢ֮䣬һѪȻͣŷڵλն䡣
뷢Ѫͬһ£ûܣÿһѪ֮жͬһĨ֮ʴһС
Ƚôһ˿Ц⣬˫Ȼڱ󣬲û˿˼ֻƽĽĿ֮ЩѪ

һ֮Ȼ𣬶̶Ϣʱ䣬д򷽴ѪȻͷԸٶȼء

ңӵƾѧ֮ǰ½ĥоָƣʩչȫû˿ѣ֮䣬ֱ˶ЩѪĿȨ
ͻȻıʣ˵ȴֱǾһ˲佫˺ɫûܷӳĹ
գ۵Ĺ򣬱жʮ˱ѪˣûüӳѪȻơ
ν󷨣Ȼʩչ˫ͬɶֹɣҲ˼ȱݣһҵѰұĻһƣ㲻ơ
Ϊ̿ͣķʽҵɱⱾ
ųܹɱ۷󷨣ڷǰȴûü⻰ƺЩţȻϸϸȴʵʵġ
Ūʲô󣬾ܰѷڵȥǲЦ
Ȼȴδ˵ӵĶǿ֮еģˡ
ָ̧𣬷͸һĨɱһĽȻ
ҲҲһԣ
ָһݰɲ֮ڹ͵쾡¡
ǻϣʱ򣬷ľٶȻһƬǸ䳰ȷǿȴǽȻͬġ
ողƽѪ󣬷ϻƣѾﵽһ۷壬ָΪҲ̫ͬѹ
һָ䣬죬ع֮ܶһ֮ȴҲѾ˿ѷ۷ǿߵȫһˡ
䣡
һָ֮£뷽ļ˶ʱΪһѪҶûʣ£̼䱻ʵķ顣
֨
˲䣬ΪǰȻһοܣһȭӲĽ飬ȻһЩನǿ֮ɭɭۣǶȫû֪Ľ˵ȴ˿ûӰġ
ף
üͷ΢΢ҲЩȻЩһνĻˣȴȻ˸ΪĶ࣬ǷΪˣҲǵһμȾɵĿܡ
һ۽ˣ֮£³çˣеǰǣҼԻԳ֡һȭΪһڽܵĺ濪˵
㵹ǺôĿ߾ߣΪĳ۲ɣһ˿Цһ̤̽Ȼǽ̽ȥ

ǼȤģȻģﻹٽ֮ߣ
˻
֮ȻԭشһӰһ֮Ȼץסǽܣ־һק
ֲĴ֮£ǿߣҲñקȻǽȴ·˿Ӱ죬͸һɱĺ⣬ŷֻ̽һȭ¡
䣡
˿֮Ȼƾһȭ֮ȴӲ첲ֽķʽƽһ
˼
һ˿ɫ簵һ˿Ϊ裬ЦٴγǽϮȥ
羪ȣȴǱͷƤ飬ǺεȿǱκ˶Ķࡣһ֮䣬Խǿߵ飬ոһȭҵĸ첲ȴȫûܴκЧǺεȺ˵Ľ
ǰһֻеؽ׵ʵôĲ˵ʣ¾ԶҪǿ߸õĶడ
飡
һκ޻ɵײȻϵǣһα˵ģȻȻǽܡ
һ֣ʱϣһץסǽܵĲһݺݽ֮ˤ䵽˵ϡ
ƺֻһֻз֪һУѾһ˿羢֮ˣҲͲֱܽӺ䵽ϣȫûл֮
һ̤ܵϣϵľȻֱϮ֮УԷ֮ϵһ˿ӡǳĨȥֱ˿ֹ̣ͣ˷
ǿľܲǵģ̇ͷ赭дĿ˵
ǽһ˿Դ֮ԷľҲδܹǿĨȥǽ֮еľӡǣǿߣȻԶǰЩܹˡ


 һٰʮ ɱ¾
ߣ
˵֮ǰһ˿ĻôŽ֮еľӡǱĨȥȴǳ׽һ˿ϣҲĨɷˡǽеľӡǿħ£ͬһǿߣͱĨȥ
˭ĵǰֻеؽʵСӣȻӵħ൱ʵ
һȴֶʵĳǰ޿ɱ粵
ߣôףЦһɱӿ֮һֻ޴ĺɫȻա
ֻ֣죡
ӰɢǿһڷʩչȻ˿Ӱɢ˱ˣԸĶǿ߻ǶЩ˵ȴѾ֮ˡ
ķѩ·һ֮£ҲԱػ·ҲѾֻʣһƣ޿ɱܣ޿ӣ
Ϊͬ׵ʵһ֮£ҲȻɫ䣬ĵһ˿־֮⡣
¡¡
һգʮת˲֮㱻ΪƬҲͬ׻౻ɣѪɫҰס
磬ĪҪ̫
ΪǱĺɣɫüΪѿҧгݵĴӿбųô
̫ĿһɭȻǼȻɱңȻҪҷɱ׼ĪǻΪӻǸ֮ô
ӱɱ¾ͷûѪҲȻ顣
Ī㵱ҼôۼɱҲһɫĴ󺰳
룡
üͷ΢΢𣬷粻͵Ĵӱǿзһߣһ̤˲仯ʮӰͬʱǰϮɱȥ
־
֮ǰ缸Ǻǰ¶ģֻȴ˺ܶ˼ɣһսΪħ֮سɴĵƲй¶֮⣬ȫ˼ɵġ
۽Ȼ˲ٵ鷳ǣͬҲһõΡ
֮ǰͻȻֲֿٶ˻Ҫǣ˶ȻȻΪЩµĴֶζѡ
Ѫޣ
۽δʣƾһ˫֣Ѿ˿ֲ֮սڳκˣȫû˿ֵأһ޷ܡ
ֱǾɱ̶̲ӵʱ䣬Χˣͷǿ⣬㾡䡣
ֶΣ˵ЩˣǷҲòһͷƤ顣
ŷɱ¾вһЦ֮ǰ˵Ļ治ˡ
٣׵ض޷ֵزģ뷽һսʤֻ¾Բɣ
ɶ̸ϣˣǵ񣬷Ҳûжõ۽
Ϊ۽ˣʣ۽ǷƾŶԡ
˵ķ磬ȴѾ̤˵ǿߵУ㹻ĵǿκˡ
貢ûټȥΪѾûǸҪˣвӣڼֵ֮زûκܹǿߵ׷ɱʵļһҲͬһ˿
ȻҲδ裬ڷ˵ݱϾЩͬģֻҪǱƵ򲻵ѵĳ̶ȣҲԸϮɱοһսĽҲҪ˴ȥǣЧҪۿˡ
ڶԷ˵ʲôȴѹûзϵġ
ѵϮɱЩˣԷͲˣЦ
һδӱ½ǴɱĶصģһѪȷ磬ֺαҪʱ򷵻رǣ
½磬ҹУ
ĳ̶ֳ˵紩Խֵ֮ĵطҲǼˣң뵱ֻ죬ǲʵʱڱһҲһꡣ
һǴӱʼôٴλص춨ʱˡ
ôܱ࣬統вģҲֻһεǿߣԼصˡ
ˣҲֻǳ̤ʯˡ

˫΢΢һСħȻո˵꣬ϵ
ϰؽ۷ǿߣټףЩ˵ȫ۵һǿҲܹٴ۳һѪˡ
촽Сħһڽٴ۶ѪȥȻڷһɱ¾ǼΪġ
츳ʵȻһСħ̾СħȴƺܻЩĲ˵ƴνػһ壬ʵСħᣬǷһУƣѪҲѾչ⿪һطӡˡ
ˣ֮ǰҲòѷˣڵȴҲĴ֮һȴԽᶨСħ֮ġ
Ͼħ֮Ͳʲôܹ֮ƿصģɱ¾ͱ뽫ħ֮ȫӳ
Ȼķ磬˱ʵЩ⣬ĶѾǳСħҪˡ
赭дĽϮɱĸɸɾ»صԭأǽץ
ܸ÷Ȥ
ԷļʶҲȫ޷ֱܵĲʣַˡ
΢һ£̽Ž֮Уȴεķ֣ôҲ޷֮˿ӡǡ
仰˵Ĩȥ˶ԷľӡǣҲ޷ܡ
ˣǿҪרŵľӡǲܿƣ㲻֪֮ܽӡǵġصļϣСħ˵Ȥȥҵǿʲôʺˡ
ʲô֪ô룬ʵ
ǸдƷѡмĺһСħֻܸ㣬νĿʵֻǵһҪоǿ⻯ĲдƷѡ
ǿ⻯
⼸֣Ҳ΢΢üͷ⻯ĶҲδûма̽Ūķ͵ô
ˣ⻯ֶǵȵͻ֮оɣڶ˵Щ֮硣ĴĻԣСħڵѪܳ׽һطӡ͵⿪ǿʱ
ᵽ΢΢ף漴ʵˣ֮ǰ˵ӡأڶطӡҪô⿪
ЩӣѾʵĸܵħ֮Ĳǵܹ׽⿪ӡԿ۵İձֶ˼֡
ôøԶȵ⿪˵һطӡȻͻ֪ˡĴһ䣬СħȴȻû̾͸߷˼һ£˵ʱ䣬㲻绹룬Ҫô˳ȹٰɣȻٺɱˣ̸ʲô⿪ڶطӡ
٣ǺڷǰʵΣٵϢԽԽŨңǷһֱѹţʱܱԷ̶ȣԤڣٵǿȿô۷ǿ߾ˣ


 һٰʮ 
꣡
īɫͬѣħɫ΢΢һףжʱһĨɱֻɱ֮£ȴҲ˼ּɵ
ſܵˣڿ֮еľӡҲǿĨȥȻ޷̫ܵĶȴҲζʲô
Ҫ֪ΪտھǺһ๦ģʳĮǸһĹʦ֮⣬ھϵΪԶ޷⡣ǣˣڿ֮еľӡȴǱĨȥˣôζţǱƴԷҲӵԼ൱ʵ
ҡˣǷ磡
ȻѾһٸ߹ʵˣһ̣ħҲǸеһļЩ˵̫ۣʧܣȴܵġ
ĿһħĿԼҲʼһЩ˸Լ֮⣬ǱӦҲ׼İɣֻ֪ǱһʲôĽ
ôħѵаҲǷǳ˽ģȻԼʧˣǱҲͬʲôġ

ˣ
ܷѾڣΧǾҵսµĲȴ֮ȥģֻҪͲѸܵеϢ
ޣҲ֪˭˲ˡܷѩѾڸ˴󲿷ֵĺۼȻΧ֮еѪζȴȻɱ档
ץһѩŵǼһ£漴Цȣô
ʲôôˣжľѵ˭ɣ⻰һʱ˿ڲ⣬Ŀг˼֮⡣
ҵģ˭û׼һ仰˻ȥȫȻûд˼ľˣӦҲо˰ɣڵ±ĸҪӵĶࡣ
ڷѩ֮Уȴûκһѩܹ۽ľ֮ڣڵսţȻǹɱ֮ȴ˴ĵðһɺ⡣
ȥɡ
ɢѩľЩɳƣû˿Ľͣ·һжκ޷ģһ˿
ľɲ꣬ܲûһֵĽͣ˵Ļ˾û˭Υ
ĬĬڶľȴԼЩˣһʼľ˾ѾµԲſ˸ٶȴһν棿
Ļ˵ľ˶ڷҲǹ˼η壿
Ļû˸˵ѾµˣҲұ¶ֺֻǣֲ²ȴԽ϶
ʵʲô˲ȴһı£ǾǶڸ󷨵ϤԼϢļУˣһΣҲֲľһˡ
ЩЦˣԶ֪һƬ֮ڣϰˣǵؽ۷ϵʵ֪ѪϢ
һ֮ѪǺεȵʵһ㣬㻻ľˣҲ޷ɣǶľҲ˼ɣηԭ
һжģôһ֮У¾ôˣʤҲδ֪֮
ĽЩԺһ̤Żѩڶľűǵķȥƾ߻ŸСļҲʼδһֵĽ͡

ȾѪİѾһƥɫĺѪ绺ųŵķȥϵϢȥɢЩһյһε֮ʱ
ʱأٴοϤĳУҲһܰС
ԶԶģмŵ˷磬Ƭʱ䣬۾ֱ㶵Ķס˷硣
ôҪҽǷôǴһ˿΢ЦȻųȥʵ
¼ӣ
Щжʱ¶һ˿ȵĳ֮⣬ˢˢŷǷҲΪ֮һ͡
ǣʶң
ЩİףЩĿڵ
ΪһĴ̿ͣԼļǳģͨˣֻҪԼͻӡ󣬾Բ֣İУ
ǱĽݵˣǵ滹ϲڳιˡ˷̧ܵͷŷ磬ʵ漴Ͽַ֮Էθ
һ̣ǷҲһֻȻεĴԭ֪䣬ԼѾΪЩݵżô
ȻһЦ絥һ֮͸׾ٵĽǰЩЩʲôʵȫ޷Ҳܲһ˿ǿȵĸо
жϥлƽ˵͹򣿡
΢Цף粢δֻڵģպҲδرһ޷
⻰ȻһЩοĳɷ֣ȴɷϣô򵥵һ仰Щ˵ȴżĹáˣգո̤뱱ǵʱҲֻʵѰ
ֻǣȵЩ˷֮зӦʱ򣬷ҲѾ˳ţתʧ˺֮С
ֱ˿̣ΧڳŸˣȻӦ˹ʲǸһ꣬ȻǱΪķ磿
Ҳô˵ڱЩУǸͨԶֵóݵĴ
ˣ
Ϣֱͬ˳һһʱ֮䣬ͨ;Ǹǽͷβˡ
ֻǣԴӽǺ󣬷ͷ·ʧһ㣬˶ȺѰҷټҲվ޷ҵ˿
Ȼ˵УҲӦģݣΪĳ֣óϢҲѾˣҲ磬Ҳ֮ˡ

С㣬ӡӣˣ
ĴܽСѾͷŴ۾ź𽿤˷ܵĿ˵
ž
һ˲䣬еĲ豭Ȼķ飬ѾһΣϢʱǷݼϲȴվ޷εġ
ָΪѾ΢ЩˣȴԻſڣҪЩʲôȴվǻΪһ̾Ϣ
С࣬ڵѾǵˡ
һν֮ʱֻ쾳ѣȻЩں𽿤ǰҲʲôǣķȴѾ£ԱҲͬʸƽȶԻˡ
ŵ˵ݣڷвʲô㲻ˣ˵ҲΪˡ
ˣ͸˵СѾͷˣȻоòӦģ뵽֮ľ޴蹵СѾͷȴûʲôֻ㷵ҧ촽ƫƫ˵ʲôĻ
ĪִҶηХСâЬʤ˭£һƽ
ʹ紵ѣ΢䣬ɽͷбȴӭɪȥҲ޷Ҳ硣
ͬʱ֮УȴԼһʫңңȴ·峺ȪˮƢ


 һٰʮ һ
һ֮ϤϢ·һһľ̤ŵУǲԾһƬ·һеССָˡ
Σڷ˵ԼʵǸʱѣЩ˵ʱһ㣬δ
ӣ
ܳСѾͷȦѾˣˮۿתƺʱܵЩĲеĲڿһ˿΢Цʱ򣬶ȫɢ
Ѿͷоô΢Ц䣬ʼڣĿ⻹ǿǶһգͬʱֻص˵һ㡣
Сȥ¾ơ򵥵һ仰ȴԶκΰοЧĶ࣬СѾͷеˮ˲ͬߵӰ㻬䣬ȴ¶һ־Υ˵Цݡ
ĿǰϤףҧ촽ȴ֪Ӧ˵ЩʲôֻĬĬֵĵȫȻ֮ϵųա
۽ֶڽűߣ·Ͳֻǽֱ߻ӾװƷһָ֮䣬ԵȻһڣɴƳһ֧򵥵ѣڴߣᴵ
Ǻһ紵ѣĵ·һ޷Ĵ͸ƮڿУþòЪ
ĵӴĻ̫ãһ֧׵Ҳʲôӣǣƫƫƽӣȴƫƫܹ˵飬˾þ޷԰Ρ
¾Ƶþ߾ô򵥵İ֮УˣСѾͷĹڵϣ΢Ц¾ƣȴʼղһԣ·ֻҪôһߣѾܹõ㡣
Ҳ֪˶ãңӵӰҲ֮ͬУȻһݵĵۣקһ֧ƺ«ҡڵԱûаǰ˵ļӣһ˿Ϣδ¶ǲ֪ûǰݵĵµľңϵһ
ȻһȴƫƫԵúг֮·ֻϵǰ⾳֮⣬κ˶岻
֮⣬ҲֻǾվԭأԥãȴվ޷һ̤֡
۽ȥ˷Ϣķͬͨһ㣬籱ȴҲ޷˿쳣ǸңӣҲ
ΪȲΣȻףķҲûҪȥ˼ĲʶȤĲκϽȥֻͽǲ죬ᵼòӪķΧȻɢ
Ȼһ̣֮еĵȴȻһ䣬ԭѰĵ֮УȻ͸һ˿Ĳַ·֮һֶصζС
򵥵ľ龰˵ֺ޹Ե֮뾫ȫȻû˿⣬ƶΧ龰һµ۷塣
Ȼڱ˵еɾֵ̫ζˡ
ԭû˲Ϣģǣ겨ȴֱźţ
ˣıǿɲͬգѾۼ̫ǿߣЩǿ˵һźţѾ׽̫ˡ
Цһ£ȴѾ޷̬ⷽˣңµ񣬾Ҳɲƿˡ
վ⣬ܹĸоѾڶϤϢˣòһʱֻ̣׵ǿ߶ۼˡ
ֻǣ֮еȴȻûаֲ·Ͳ֪һУȻƽȻĴ࣬ȫû⡣

аΪ۽ʲô
ƽ䵽֮⣬һ۲ԶһϮµĻӣħȻʵµĲȴȻͣȫû̴ȥ˼
ħȻȤβԼȥʸ˫ָڱ󣬺üͷ΢ķʵ
Ͳаˣзִ硣һЦħҡͷҵǺܺ棬۽ֵɽҩаΪʲôôȤ
ֵɽҩûЩǿߣǳĵ۽Ͳʲô컯Ǿ޴Σա
ۻڣֻһͶӰҲˣ
Ϲɱ֮ʱ۽ڳǽϣҲûκ˸ȥ
۵彣׿ϣ˭Ҵ
ǧһۣۺ޸ҳƵߣ޵Ĵڣ˸κʽƵģ
겻ķϻôࡣɨһħаڣ֮ȴǲм
ȻһЦħȴҲڵҶ۽˭Ҷ̵ģȻˣΣ
ôȦӣֻһ䣬ħҪ˵Ļ
üͷһаĿ΢΢һ漴Ҳͬ䵽ħϣԭҲѾ֪ˡ
۱ƣͲĲ۽֮еֻرԴȻֻһ˿ܲ򣬱л̤һ죬Ļᣬ˭ܷŹаħƽ˵ܹϮɱĮа̽ʵҲҵˣӣǲôĻعģ
Цһ£ħҪѣе۽֣ټңӣ㣬ң¶ûǸճ°ɣȻˣ֣ȶõ۽ȻֻͬرԴһĿ˭Σ
Ƭ̣аڻͷã˵ƾͬѪΪţ
ȻȻһЦħòںĵͷаʲô࣬ô飬ûѪԼ˭ҲŶԷֺαһͳ̽
ԣͬʱҧѪģû˭Ϊûܳɹ

ѪĵɣŲͬʱһһЦ
ȴҲȫûȳֵ˼棬ȳͷɾԲʲôǵľǷ绹ңӣҲʲô֮ҪܣȳֵˣҲ䲻ʲôá
֪йؼ˲ֻ࣬ҪɿȻǻ֮ȥڻҵġ
˽ǽ֮Ļȱôԣһʱ䣬ռһƬĬĬĿˡ
ҲôƬ̵ĹѾԽԽǿ߸ڵĿռ䶼׷˵Ѱˣǵؽ׸ֳ֣ϣֻҲûвκϽĵ
һʱ䣬ɱƬֻ֣ǣеɣֱЩǿߡ
ûӣ
˵ң뷽ʵ޷쳣ǼֱЦ
ǣƫƫ֮һ糣Ǵӵķ磬ǴһԺȾƵңӶȫûκĽʮǿһˣ
ǣĵɫˣҲò壬ضʮʿûκһܹȳ̶ǣ뷨ѹ
һ


 һٰʮ 
һˣѣ䵽ңӵϣ΢Цվ񣬡δʦɻô
ѵСӻǹϵϵһһ̧֣ңֽƺ«˹ȥЦſڵ
ˡӣҲͲ־񷨵ģڷɽϣһһͷţңȻҲʲôŲġ
Ľӹƺ«һڣſڵʦƣûСѾͷµĺء
һ֣ƺ«ӻңӣЦŴСѾͷǶֻľƱתңȥһǲǱĺã
ǿЦСѾͷƿС˶أƽտǺȲġ
𽣬ȻϵһڵģôϵһСӴôЦһ䣬ңӽӹƱһ£ȻǺþƣ𽣬ɵòϵһ«Ȼϵҿɲ
ԸҲ΢Ц񣬺漴ڵոһɺ𽸧٣Ȩɺã
ˣ͸һ˿ϲɫңЦŵͷӦ
źطȥȡٵĿϾ̧ͷɨһ棬ǲԾ͸һ˿⡣
һأϵҲû뵽㣬ȻѾɳȵزСӣܺãƱһңڵףҲֻа벽֮ң˰ɣ
ңӵʵȻܹоĵֻҪɹ٣̤ף˵ǰ벽ײΪ
Ȼ벽׵ʵʲôǣ԰벽׵ʵתս£ʮǿҲ˿ңǾһˡ
һ㣡΢΢ҡͷȻò˶ãӦñܰ쵽ˡ
֮еѪѾˣҲһ˿֮÷ǶڱԴ˽⣬ȴȻһƬʡ
Сħ˵⿪һطӡʱҲܹһ˿ԴˣĻ۲ǲˡ
ȻЩѾ統ĥԼԽʯˡ
֪е뷨ֻҲǵñѪˡ
ԲαңӳƬ̣Ц׵ҲãȻˣΪʦȿֶΡ
֮ǰңӱѾ˳ֵĴ㣬ΣʼӣȻ˸ϧһս
׼ʲͷųϢң᲻ڣ
ֻǣ̬ȣңӷЩڴˣЩڷһУҲֻǿţδ񷽴ǰ벽ףֱҪЩ˲ͻңȻֵһۡ
˵֮䣬ҲȻȡٹң뷽ĵ֮£СѾͷʵȻ˿ܲı仯Ȼطϲ֮Уȫ̸֪ЦңҪĸ
ӣ׳ˡ
٣˶ʱȫУȫĵͶ˽ȥʲŷһҲǲСϣǾԸġ
𽲻ͬСѾͷԼһЩңӵĶԻģȻ̫ףȴҲ֪¾ڱƽˣЩǣȴҲ˿ﲻæʶûʣֻĬĬΪ¾ơ
͸һֽȻͬķʣ棬͸һԵϲ֮⣬ֵĸȾڷʲŵĵ֮ϡ
þơʱ˾ʫֳŵأһԾתңӵʫһףʦƷ
ЦŽеľһһ۽ȻԾУȫû˿ԥЦһ̤С
˫ѩܽأأڲɳ塣
ʫ֮䣬е۽ȻʣɫĽâӳأ̵۾ֲĽֱ
һ̤գ֣ȴٲϵɱ⣬ֲɱ뽣ǶһǾ춯أ
һɲǼ䣬·һâ֮Ȼʧɫûκˣܹߵ쳣һ˲䣬㽫˵עߣ
һЩǿ⣬Ҳݱ仯ԴԴϵ߸˹
ʫǽ£ǿƥ̬Ļع飡
ʫҲǼ
һƣȻڳǿסˣ̬ʵһؽ׵ܹӵеģ
֣Щ˲ʵĸܵĸͲʲô׸⣬ʱܷɵˣ
һȥϻɳʧӣѾãǱ档
ȫں˵ĸܣԹԵʫʵĴÿ˵ĶУͬڶһ㡣
⼸ʫȻת֮УһĨڰ׶ɫĽ⣬Լ͸֮⣬ǽԭͿֲĽٴһµĲΡ
һΣǿ۷ǿߣҲ΢΢ɫ䡣
ȽѾǸܵѹˣǵ۽֮ôǸնĮа̽ĵ۽˵ʵô浱֮ˡ
ֻ֮
ӿ³ĸ֣аħһ£иŵ͸һ̰֮ɫ
Ȼ͸ֻرԴ⾳ȴֻӵֻرԴͷŶ
˵ɾһŶ裬ȷ˵۽֮еĵȷȷµֻرԴ
˵ֳֻôһ޷Ϊ籾ʵ̫޷߶ֻرԴѡ
ˮɣɽǧأղᵱꡣ
һʫһɲǼ䣬ѪȾأŨصɱأܹڿпԼѪɫɱ֣
߸ɱ֣ڿУ͸ɱ·Ҫز¾һգЩǿҲһЩ½˸ǱһĻŵĲûеͷܣ
ɱ䣡
ȻõĲĴУԷع⣬ȴҲܹǿܳһЩб仯֮չֳˡϾɱɱܹĹɱ֮е⾳ġ
ǣˣҲڿУһ˿⣬һɲǼ䣬Χǧ֮ڣЩǿ߱ı⣬ĵƿն𣬽֮춯أ·һ֧صһ㡣
ͨˣҲܹܵĵЩƿնĵĽ̺ϲ֮⡣

ޱĽ߶£ҲǷڶڽչ֣
Է̤֮ʼһеı仯δ˭ĳѹֻһչֶѣ
Ҫһʲôݣôʣǡ

ԼڽͷŶҲԼеɱεͷŶһɾ춯صɱ⣬ǷЩǿΧ֮ĻӦ
ѸжԵ۽Ⱦָ֮ģ߶Էɱĵˣһ֣ǲݵѪս
Ѿֻɱˣ


 һٰʮ ˣ
һգ۽
粢δڷʲôݻɫҲǵģǱɱ뾪Ľ⣬û뵽ҪǿΪС
磬㱾ңӵӣϹɱȫϵֻҪϽ۽Ͼ۵Ĺϵұ֤ڳκΪС
ĬƬ̣ȿڵ
۽⡣ңңָƯߵĵ۽ƽڵеӣ߾ǡ
Ļشȴڳ˲һͣû֡
ã˵ĵɣڷıϣΧǵصɱ뽣ûаɢ˼˭ڽӽȴĶȻǷѾõһ
˿ûн۽˼ˣɫһ֮ǰӲʵ
Ǻˣüͷ΢粻ķʵ
ϷϽΣȻףһ˦䲻мһ˵ȥ룬һļơ
ûƲƲ죬һ仰ͽİĸɸɾ˿ɫҲʲô⣬ȻΪָϱ֮Ѫ磬һѪһΣ
⻰һǴڶϣҲȻ̲סЦ˳
и֮Ѫˣֻͱɱĸɸɾˡ
ɷô˵ˣ˵ֱ׳һ㲻ҾСˣ˼
һѪʲôЦȵزÿһξѪΪ󣬷һҪ˼һѪֱǰҪε
СӣҪ̫һ˲䣬ζʱɫ뷢ը𣬼ˡ
Ҫĳ۽ӦҽһѪ̫Ǵḷ́ɫһ䣬Ȼ͸һĨɭȻɱ۽⣬Ȼ㲻ȡҿɾͲҶϵľѪѾˡ
δ䶨αȻΪһӰϮȥ
۽ڿдһת֮£˲գգ֮㽫ڵһƬ
ɫȻһ䣬εһץ彣Ȼ֣潣ߣһȵȻӽϱ¶ȶȻθ·ҲҪһȼյһ㣬ֱȥ
֮Ļֱ͸ع򣬿νǼ֮ȼ
ԻϽͼΪְԵݶ۷ʵ˭Ҳøӡˣ֮ǰǺ֮ʱҲǰ԰ˡ
ò˵ȷʱƾһִĻ֮򣬱ħľǵȴ棡
ϧϵȴǷǧ겻ڣ
֮Ȼ£εʵĻ֮Դʮǧľ룬˵ԵǶԷ˵ȴȫ͹κв
һ̽һ˿мػ֮ʱչֲڷĿ֮£ת֮ɢһƬγɰв
ϰڻĿͬﵽһֿµĵزֻҪûγɻ֮ԴһеĻͶǿɿصġ
ϧһûж֪ڵȻ֪Ȼ֮£ʱ㱻һֲûüأ֮µĵ۽ݺն䡣
ۣ
һ֮䣬α㱻ɣһھѪ˶ʱή
Ҫ֪αԻǿľǻ֮ϵĻ汻ɢܹӳʵͲɣ״ֵ̬۽ֱ֮һЦ
Ҳ۷ʵܹһ֮´ֻ촦Ľˡ
Ȼڷ˵һɻԶԶ
Էӣѣ־ǾɱԷĻ᣿
һκɵ˲䣬֮ǰŵҲͬʱƿն׼ޱȵķελãͬʱ̺еͷŶ
֮£Щɲļÿһж̺ſֲĽ⣬ǸǷڽļչ֡
Ӽʼڻ֮һγ֣ǽ֮ǰܵЩ˲䱬
Ĺ۷֮ʱֿҲּѣ˵Ǳһ˵Ǳнƿȴڻ⵽˲ٹ·˸ãԼܹ϶˼Ѫۡ
ɱɱɱɱɱɱɱ
ͬһʱ䣬֮߸Ѫɫɱͬʱѹ£Ũصɱʵʣݺݵٴײεϣٴθһ
ػʵҲѾǿ֮ĩûжսˣǷĴȴδ˶
ιĿյ־£Ҳ۽ε壬û˿ĻΣɴһĳգ
ֻ֣죡
ѳɣƬؼȫ˷ĿƣͲ˷ֺᣬһ֮£ظ췭
Ӱɢһɢ֣ȡƸ֮⣬֮ǰôĲãɽһƵһ۷壡
ŵ˵񼴱ӰɢԳ֣һƵ±𷽴ҲҪѷһˡ
˵Ӱɢ˵ľ𺳣ǵ߸Եģһ̣ңڣ˵ĿⶼΪ֮һһ˿֮С
Ȼ˵Ǳǳ׵׵Ϣˡ
ԭ֮λֲܽһƣضûб㱻һؿڣ˺ȻѪĽգ֮͸ˡ
˵ˣһľѪĳ趨ˣ
͸һ˿ɷ絥һѪȻΪһѪͬڿУһ޶ڷߣ˵Ĺֲ
𺳣
ֱһ̣˲ʶ˷ֶΣɴĳϮɱȻºҲ˱һ󷢺
ǿ۷ǿ߰ȻħľҲ̫󣬿ǣǿߣڷߵĻᶼûУ
ӷֵ׽֮ɱһ˵ȻʵȴҲֻǶ̶̲һӵʱѣ
˿ֲϮɱȻаħԳֻ֣Ҳδܹɣ
һ۽ˣŲؽʵʵɳȥֻµмֵˡһҲֻ˭˵һ䣬һ˲䣬⻰ȷʵʱõ˴˵Ͽɡ
ǰĴڣȻֻǵؽ׵ʵҲʵ̫˰ɣ
һ˲䣬жڷŶٴһ̨ףûһ˿֮ġ
Ϊһ̽ڻң׳ϮɱҲͬбƵͳһս񣬷Ҫ˭֣ȴŵģȻһµĻԴ
һ˲䣬㱻׹
ˣǺεȵҫǣмۣ
ûǵµʵִı㲻ǽ޾ΣϢ


 һٰʮ ս£
žžž
ͬʱһͻȻȺ֮Ǵһ˿Ц⣬аȺ֮߳۽ˣ鴫ȻֻеؽʵȻǱҲòϣʸҵƽƽˡ

⻰һȫʱһƬȻȻ֮ǰѾ˺˵֣˵˵ҲǷǱѣа棬ȴֱϿ˷ʵеȴǽȻͬġ
аǺεݣħȻǿңҲɵħľǵȴڣҲ֮аսѡ
а˵ħ࣬һ˵ﶼ׿ڳϣƽȶԻʸһֺεȵҫ
ŵ˵Ҳǵ۽ǣĸϵ̫ǻһ񷽴ʵѾʸӵˣԲκۺҪᡣ
ܼ򵥣ͬҲƣһ긻ǿĸ̣Ȼٻȥ⣬Ǽֻһֻͯ̾ͻˡ
ҪӵбҪǵʵȥӵУյ۽еʱôû˸ȥ᣿
򵥵ĵ
аˡɨһаƽķʵֻǣа棬²ֹҪһСİɣ
һ˿âаŻڵֻۣǽܳĺ󱲣ʵԽǿҵȱԽοǣ۽Ϊ۴ˣϹɱΪӦҲ䣬˿Ϲɱ֣һУΪУǿҲһ
⻰˵ȥˣʵϣǣϹɱۣһѵ۽ǿҲ¹֣˵д붼ΪϹɱ۵ηγɵġ
һھ͵ѾаƽȶԻȨôֱӸƣʾֻҪϾۣϹɱĹϵôڳ˶ɢȥ׶Է綯֡
˵ζϾϵǻ򵥡۽
ֻҪ۽ŦһȻӭж⡣
Ȼ⻰ҲͬƵ˷˼⣬һͻķǵĵز
ΪУһεȿµۣ䣬˭˿ΪУ
˵ʵҲδؼаܣǴﵽĵزΣΪеĽͬǷǣ
յϹɱǿôʧȥһۣǿߵʵҲֲ֮ͬԺɨκǽأǱΧ˶
򵥵ļ仰͵ڷǰ·Ҫô۽һе˽ҪôΪУû·ѡ
ĿһĿаһۣ漴𣬵аôһȦӣҪҽ۽ôѾ˵ˣ۽⣬˭ӣ;úˡ
۽ôܣ
а˵ĺǼԼĽ˵۽һнֱЦǽԼһöΪҪӣӵ۽ܽͲ֪۽ӵٻˡ
ýֺͷҲ֪ûе۽ҲŪķʽԼһȥġ
۽֮дڵܣ񷽴Ҳûг׸ǾԿԤڣ۽ǹؼԵĶҪƾֶ۶Կ;Բ׿۽ң۽ĴڣڷʵҲżĺô
ңЩаȻܹ˵ȻҲף۽֣ǼˣҪȷ罻۽ѵֻǴ˽Ҫһ󱲣ֹϹɱ֣аҲ͸ýɢħȥ츣ȥˡ
ҪǣԷӣв
ǽ챻һвòٱвһ¼òȥܳΪǿߣò˶þ͵ñ̵Ҷʣˡ
ƾаɣҲ˿Ϊһ˵۽ǣ˭Ҫܶǣ
ۼ־ȻᶨаҲ͸һĨɱɭȻ磬Ī㵱ҪΪвɣ
£
˫Ŀɨа¶һ˿ſ֮⣬ȻаĿŵ۽ǰְɣظĳôñӣѵܽ˲ɣ
ɱӿѪɫɱڿ֣Ƹʤ֣Ȼҷ׼ϣ˿֮аУЩ˲У
̿£ǷǶԴһģܹң
ڷĴ֮̿ģΪˣʼδı䣡
һˣٸаϻ۽΢ɫâȻϯأսˣ
ûһʼѹûҪϢˣһսǿƻع֮սȻʮǿҲͬû˿⣬ķҲ
һضˣǶûУ̸ʲôԿۣ
ҪսǾս
һ˲䣬Ȼӿս⣬ɱͬʱеǿ߷ս
ʹҵҪʲôʸ£ܴ£ұս£кη
ս£
ľٶһ˲䣬ȴǽڳ˶סˣҪ֪֮һֵ巽磬ƷѲûǿӲףɷսˣ
ȻǿҲֻһôѵΪƾһ˾²ɣһΣĵףͬʱֳ֣
ӣǳͷβķӣѰ·
һ˲䣬Ҳû˿ġǾȥɣ
˼ɣܹ̤׵ľûһѶϵ޵֮Ѿһûٻ˿⣡
սѣ
ɲ֮䣬ڶǿͬʱض֮ɫ䣬˶ǿͬʱ֣ĳҲʵֲ̫Ϲɱ֮󣬼ûгֹʢˡ
ȵزǱҲΨпЦˣȾҵĽ֮£ûκܹסΧȻռҪ飬ΧĽ;ȿֲֵನ˲仯Ϊۣ
ҲֻǸոտʼôȥֻ°Ƕñٵɣ
ǱңҲֻܻסһ֮زӰѣ
ȻҲΪԵĶǷ磬֣ȻǱң֣Ҳδػסˡ
֮УһеϢңһڸǣСѾͷǺ𽶼˿֪Ѿ췭ظˡҲȻڹ֮УûѾˡ
ְңӵҲ¶һ˿֮ɫ֮ǰĳ֣Ѿ̫ľϲǣһ˶ԿʮǿߣлаħȶǿߣҲδ̫Щɣ
ǣݵ֮£ңһĨȴҲͬ޷Σ
ԼӣȻѾɳȵزǶս£Ҳȫû˿⣬Ǳ԰ˣ
нסҲѾսֻ֣Ҫһ޷ֿңӱ֣


 һٰʮ Դ֮ѪȾǣ
꣡
֮Ľڿʼѣǿֽ۽֮һƣԼڽڹ͵˼µһȴȻм޵ģ
ƴɱ֮УܹƸɴĺɱ۷ǿߣȴζƾ۽ܹսˡ
ʮλǿһ֣㶼бδȫǵЩȫ۵һʱȴȻԶǷܹܵˡ
ν棬ڿеĽ㿪ʼ飬һУҲͬһźţƳƵźţ
һͨƱȥҲͽǰˡ
ӣձڣ
ֶ񶾵ĳáٲȻһԶ˵ӣ޹˼ɡ
ҪɱңǴöһȭɴĺ䱬ӭĹȻӿһаϢϢȻǣ־߷£־ɱУ˺֣֮ݡ
ȥ½֮ǰȻưҲֻٻһ;ˣȷʵȻͬġ
ЩֶΣ绹һĵδã
˻𣡡
Χ֮УѹӣѾһּ޿ɵľ磬ڲٱֱڵԴһ˿Դ֮߶ɱ
ֲ֮ת֮쳹أԭƵĽȻǣڴͬʱҲһǰسɴֶΣ
һ̤䣬Ȼʧ֮䣬תڰ֮⣬һȭһǿߣ
ۣ
һȭ֮£޿תĴȻƬնһ飬氤һȭȻǿߣҲȫû˿أһȭ㱻ɱ˻ΪһѪ
Դ֮
ֻһȻһ˴ȴʵ̫ˣһǿ߻ֻǸп뷽ȻʧĿռ䷨Ȼаħȴ̺һȭ֮֮סˡ
΢ҼҲ̸ʲôӦãȴڱԴϢ־ͻ׵Ĺؼڣ
˵֮ǰ۽绹ֻӵ۷ǿ߿ʵôⱾԴ֮һȴǳ׾͸д˾棡
ڱԴϢ޿ɵͬӵбԴ֮κĹ֮¶˿֮
ڱ֮Уѩʥ޶ûг֣ƾһ˿ˮ֮Դ֮ɢļγ˽ӽȵĻûֱӶɱ磬ɴ˱Դ֮ĿҪ֪գǻԵɺϵѪҲѾˡ
ɱ¾
Դ֮һ˵ƶΪ֮һ䣬·Ѿ滯ΪϹأƿһ
֮䣬Ī֮ǿߣ֮£ҲֻĴӴܣ˸ҵ
һת֮䣬֮бǿߵʬ壬ѪȾգһ˾Ϣǿ߰ŵĶǳưһĴڣȻ˿ȴ֮У֮˷ʬ
ս£
»뷽ʲǰԵԣȴûκЦĳˣһ緽˵Щ˾ܴ£ôķ磬ǿ̬ս¡
ңˣȵռϷ磬ռľƣֻѾ˲֮ɢˡ
ףʲôЦһ׶ļһܹñԴ֮⻰˵ȥ˭ţ
һ̣аħѾ϶ѾףŸ̬˵Ϊʲôûܷ֣ǻ򵥣ϿǴŵ۽ģԵ۽Ϣ˭ֱܷĳ
һ۽ˣصĹȻбųһĨɱħϵϢҲȻһߣĮħ֮Ϣ£ɢһ˵ϢĹ㻹ܷΣ
ȻδﵽԴĵزħļʶȴվܹģһ۾Ϳ˷˿ı׶ڡ
Դ֮Щͻ׵ǿڵѰƿأ
㷽ǲصĹ̤׵ľ磬ǣҲƵĶñԴֱ֮Ӿͻˣ
ʮķ˵Դ֮ϮɱҲֻάʮѣħǲ²Ĳͬķ磬ɸͲʲôףֻǵؽ۷ѡ
ո˲ϢĹ򣬷ѾαԴ֮֮ãħһԵƣɱȴǸʢ˼֡
ԴȻǿҲܹ֮ȴվ޷ڸǷ籾δⱾԴ֮ʵ˴߶վ̫Եġ
ЩȴǾԲ¶ġ
ǹһ˿⣬絭ڵħȻôģβԳԿһܶüΣ
аħڵףʵϣԷֵʱȴûгһֱں棬ȥķ
񱻷һ仰ƣҲվЩġ
ûȷԷʵͲֹķԴ֮ǣǣȷѾ޷ñԴ֮֮ǰ˭ȥ
˭֪ôˣֻҪȥ˿϶Ƿ磬ǣ˭ȥ·
ʵ̫ˣ
ͺһ챻ҵΧסˣȻǹӵֻôƴӵùĿ϶Ǿ졣
ǣע⣬ֻһ뻯ļѣʵϣֻҪһǹΧסΧĻ̾ͻ֮ɢԲɵȥڻҶǹ۵ġ
ȻıȫУ⼸ʮǿߵײСܹģǷԴȴԲǹ֮£ڣ򵥵һ仰ȴʱͰ˶סˡ
㷽ֻʣһ֮ˣǵһȥҲͬ˰˭ȥһˣ
һʱ䣬˶ĬȴôҲòʲô÷
Ŀ΢΢һħĬƬ̣վǻڵ˵ֻܹñԴ֮㵱ͻףֻҪǲ϶ϾۣϹɱĹϵҵҲؽɱ
Ϲɱ֮Уһǿ߲£ǽأȴվǱһУΪУͬһ
ħⷬȻĻ϶ʱһ˿˵ķ֮⣬ôϻ˭Ҫĳǣαضѿࣿ
һʼ֣ûдκνһսѪսԼʽ̤׵һս
ɵ֮·ӦѪ̳ɣϧһս
λضԣȻħҵƱؽնɱҵһ־ǣһ˿⣬аһ̤վǰ̨ŷ緢˹
ʱѾݲκαˣΨбˮһսǶȡ۽ΨһᣬɷպȻƴ֣ҲûǸˣ
һ·ɳٶʵ̫ˣ쵽κ˾塣


 һٰʮ ۽߾ն
ħЦȻǷĳħƺҲֲаħְɣ¶һ˿֮ɫ粻Цſڵ
ħȴָħӦնɱôôЦȻڵ۽޴ջǰһȴԵôӦ
ҪսǾսԣ
û˿˱ܵ˼Ȼһ壬־߷£廯ΪһӰһֳ죬ռ·һץ֮¶ʼ˲
֮񱩵߶Դ֮ķͬαһ㣬һһĪ֮
ֻһΣԵĿȴǿߣа
Ҫס棬صаħϣǲܿסˣǾ͸ûû˷֮նɱаħôʱͻᱻ׾ˣΧɱ֮⡣
ңħ
Ǵһ˿Цаգ˲ͣħ̶Ϣ֮䣬㳤׵ĸ߶ȣӿħʴأ۳һ壬֮ɫ
䣡
ǿһȭ£ݺݵаײһ𣬷һֲı֮аһε潻ʼˡ
Դ֮һȭ֮£аϵ㱻ķѣ˱ɳȥȻһȴҲױˣ޷ٶаκ˺
һԣɻǷռžϷ磬ǣȴǷڶ˱Դ֮󣬵һ޹
ӲԴ֮ǿ߲ͬаȴǵĵȷȷռʵһչֳϷɡ
Ҫ֪ǿд߶Դ֮վм޵ģһľ˱Դ֮ôս̾ͻˣʱаȻתΪʤ
ȻǵһһĻаҲδؾ͸˵ʮİܹ籾Դ֮ľǣˣɲһһĹƽԾ
аɵĿյ˵ĹȴҲͬʱ
ʮλǿȫ֣ǵƣȻԷǿҲò˱ᣬ˿ԥһ֮䣬سɴȻٴأܿһι
ѹһΣʵĸܵսѹÿһ̶вļѹ
磬ţŴزֶۣͨҲӰ֮֡һ̤Ѫգ걯ħǵĵ֮ɫͬչħŷѹ¡
ŴزۣΪ̫Ըâ¶ȻҲζΣճ̶ޱŴ
籾ǾԵûһ㼴аħҲòϣǣأֵԸѾƵ˵Ķ棬£жٻȥأ
ͬ۷壬ǣеĲȴԼаħΪ۷ĴڣʵȻԶܹ֮һ̶ֳȣеʵȫͷųֲ˾ˡ
ûаħûдﵽԴĵزǣǶڱԴҲͬһ֪ҲѾһ˿Դ֮ıԵˣҲôȵҪõ۽֮еֻرԴˡ
ʵӦԴǿȻȫǣֻǽһ˿Դ֮ĻǱ֧ˡ
οıԴ֮Ҳ޾ģĴ򷨣Ѿ׽Ĩɱˡ
ôüͷ΢絥һԭƯڿеĵ۽ȴȻԾ˷УħԿ֮ǰܲᣡ
Ե棬ǿ׻һ㣬ΣԽ⣡
µ񣬷ȻҲսĴ㣬һͬҲ֮Уô׾ܻĻ̸ʲôͻƣ
籾ҪЩ˵֣ԼǱܷڶɽ֮ǰٴλͻơ
۽֣ϵϢȻٴΰθߣ͸һĨɭȻɱȫ˵вὣħն䡣
ıԴ֮ħа취ʱֵټϵ۽ĻвɾͲһһôˡ
۽֮޷߶ֻʵһھ۽֮е
ŵ˵ʵԽǿ۽ܷӳԽǿֲ
ԱԴ֮߶۽һɲǼ䣬۽֮Ȼų⣬̫ͬһӳķ
һ˲䣬ħͫȻһ˵ͷŶڵ۽в֮£Ҳڸܵһ˿в
۽߾նһնУ
Իõ۽Ϳʼ۽߾նȴʼû̫Ľչֻնһѣ
ң˵Ϊ˲֣Ե۽նݸӰٵУɾɱ⣬Ҳõ۽߾նʱ
Ȼ񱻱Ƶֵزס۽һ̣ȴͻȻһĸо·һɲǼ䣬ڵ۽߾նȻ࣬ȻȻıʩչ˿
תһնʱĪ֮صϢ͸һأѹ˴
һնʶ
󣬵۽߾ն̺ľһֺεȿµĹ֮Ƿ·ع֮ϵƣһеķ֮
Ȼǿħһ֮£Ҳûأһ£ʶʧ·һ˲ͱһƬԵĺڰռ֮У
ӾһеһУһ˲䣬ȫϣ־ʯ֮£ֻҲ̾ͱˣ
ɱ
Ȼͬϣ跽ֳħ𣬵һħ䣬аͬҲûаյֿ磬۽ˡԣһƲԣаȻ֣ңһ־ǿɱС
ħ˫裡
ħڣа֮Ҳڳ֣֮䣬âħںϣγɫĽâϯأ޹ɵϮɱƬռ䡣
ͬʱǿҲԳֹ֣ͼֹϮɱħ
ֻǣһ̣ȴ·ûпЩһƤûգһ£е۽ٶӿγһֻء
ն
۽߾նڶննϵıе˵Ĺͨ
̤쿪ʼ˾Ͷϰ˴֮ȡΪã󲿷ֵ֮Ǳ֮
һն˵ϵǾ͵ǽ˲ս̾ͻңֿ־ݡ
ҪǣɲǵһնϰڴʱħʶѾնˣʧȥһи֪ͻȻʧȥ˶ĸִ֪ɾ̫ˣ
Ȼļ֮£ֻҲûˣ£һʵܷӳɣ
ˣ
һն˵ħˣǷԼҲЩȻصĹȻΪ۽ƿߣҲ÷һ޷׽ĸоһսУ
۵ôŽֻǵڶѰ
ʱ򣬷ҲûʱٿǸˣͬʱаڣǿߵĹҲ
ֲֿĹһմϣȻǷҲ̾ûϣ


 һپʮ ңӵĽ
ܿ
ھʩչسɴֶΣԷֶΣȻܹױܿǣһ֮ǰһҲ㶼׷ˡ
粻ۣ۽߾նʩչܹϵʱ޵ģֻҪƬ̣ħܴлָ֮ǰһжΪùǷ޷ܵġ
廯ΪһӰѹû˿ܵ˼ħķȥĹһħ
ɱ
һ̣аȫȻû˿ԥɱ֮ȫ޷ֺ֣Ҫ糹նɱΪҪħһҲϧ
ɱȡ۽ǵһĿģħȻϮ䵽ֵزǾԼʱ˲ãȻҲֲˡаһԼֻرԴĶ֡
˵ѪģֻҪħаɱ㱨Ӧϣʮǿһ֣а֣ҲԽħһնɱˡ
ʶѾնϣǶΣյ֪ȴǲδٵģһɲǼ䣬ħʱƵģһеͷ˳
ȥ
ħϯأΧеĿռ䶼Уֱӷ޲𹥻˭ֻҪ̤һͻ⵽ĴǵһˣаҲʱ뷢ħӲƴ
ϧֵȴʵ̫ˣൽѾȫħķһɱ
¡¡
񱩵Ĺ񣬼һգ۾ʹݻħһеֿͬ׽ħУȥƲŷѹȥ
һ̣ǷҪʩչسɴҲˣΧĿռ䶼ѾֲĹ飬޷ռˡ
Σһ̶ڷ˵Σ໹Ϣʱ䣬ͻᲽħĺ󳾱ɱĸɸɾȻԴҲ޷ͬʱôǿߵһ

Ȼһɲǣ֮ȴȻһ֮Ȼ󣬵ȴ·һ˲ʱ䶼һ
һ̣һˣһѳôͻأĴ͸ضѾĿռ䣬Ҳ޷赲Ȼٵһһ

ӿ³һˣռʱ̣˵Ĺһ̶ͣδ߶κʼ޷ǰֺ·һƬ޵׶֮һ㡣
ü֮Ȼһ˿Ц⣬ңӴߣ֮䣬ôŷһ̤֮Ƭռ䣡
ңӴŷ뿪˲䣬һƬռҲٴλֲָĹڿкȻһƬռ䳹顣
ϧһȴѾһЦΪеĹȫ䵽˿մĪɱħ⣬ûκˡ
ռ䱾Դ
һ˲䣬аһӦ˹Ȼһֳ̣ȴѾˣǿ־壡
һĪĿ־У·һ㣬Ķңӣٲ˿Ķ
ʵϣаĺռ䱾ԴĸֵͬʱСħȵҲͬڷ
Ȼǿռ䱾ԴȻֻǸո򣬵ȴĿռ䱾ԴˣҾ͸˵ģְӵˮ׼֮ǣһûͻײŶԡ̥໹Ƕú񰡣Ȼֳһ
ɫ΢ЩףΪǿд߶ռ䱾ԴңӱҲܵ˲ķɣһ˿ѪȻˣңӵҲȻһ˿΢ЦƵ̤ڿУңˡ
ôĿңӵĵӣҲǸģ
ſ磬ңг͸һĨâɭȻĽƶĽڳ˾У俪ڵ
֮ǰһ˶ս£ǵңοѣۼռϷ磬Ȼĳֿǣħаĳ֣ȴǶʱƵһΪΣյĵزۼԷвһ𽫷նɱļƣңﻹסһ֮䣬ֱӴս֣Ӳ˳
ռ䱾Դ
ûңӸ˷ĵɷֶսȺ۵ڣֻҪһ֮䣬ʱ֣Ӿ룬еĹ
ͻȻĳ֣ȷ˶סˣǿаһҲɫ
ң֮ǰȻȴҲԶûдﵽ־簡֮ǰͶӰһսȻֳ˼ǿսȴվа󣬵˭뵽ô̶̵һʱ䣬ңӾȻѾ漣Ĵﵽָ޷ȵľ硣
Դ֮аħҲѾԵǾǻʮǧģңȴѾƿ˿ռ䱾Դˣ˿ŵ˵ңȻδɽͻףǵսѾͻ׵Ĵˡ
ָ£
뷽粻ͬңӣƾһһ£ǿ֮ˡ
ңӡ֣ڻǽԶԶ˦ˡĬƬ̣а¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫ̾Ϣֻǲף㾿õʲôȻô̵ʱڣߵһ
ɹȻһЦң漴Ȼ۳֣۽˵ĿⶼͣϹɱͣڵ۽֮ϣϣ֮ϣȴⲻ֪Ѿʧȥǿηģ
ӵһǿߵģһǿĸ֤
ϧ·ϣ̫̫ʧԭӨ͸ġ
ְңƽ˵ͶӰһսˣȴҲԼ·
һϣңӵҲδԣܹһߵһս˵ҪáһսңҲͽǴһ˿ռ䷨ĵزаǿ˼֡
ʱҲҲ䱾Ǹ
ִˣңӣҲЩ˶ˣԭΪǵвȴ룬ȴµĶࡣ
Ȼǿվǽ˵۽֮ңֻҪõõҲзɱĻᣬǣңӣȴѾκܹ󼰵ˡ
ռ䷨򱾾صıԴ֮һһƿأشȥãûס
ˣδֻҸǿ΢΢ҡͷңӻڵҵĻڵؽ׵ʱ򣬾ܶñԴ֮ô
ؽף
һ˲䣬˲һʧȻԭֻ֪еؽ׵ʵǣʲһս۷ǿߣҲһɱʵ˭Ϊǵؽף
ǣңӵĿе֪羡ȻĻֻеؽ׵ʵķʵ˷
ʮǿΧɱһֻеؽʵСӣ˼˵ˣսµĻҲЦ˰ɣ
ûԸţȻһȴڵķǰɲ㲻ţ
һ̣˶һִĸоʲôţʲôԸһʦͽǰ·ͱ˳ͷβЦ
ս£ٻ뷽һ俴ƿĻȴòɬĳϣһʦͽȷʱ
ô


 һپʮһ вô
λɻҪⲻӵô
ۿˣңӵڣ󣬵в֮⣬ȴѾֵ쾡¡
ݵļž漴˲ЦԭǿƵľаħħɱаҲѾңѹˣʣµ˭ͷ
ԭ֮ԸҶ֣˶࣬ʮǿʩѹǿߣҲֻЭ
ǣһȴڲǻ°
ƾңһˣѾԺɨһˣ˱Դʱ̤һΪԽ׵ĴڣѾԽˡ˵ǼˣٶһҲ𲻵κð
ʱ˭Ҫǻҷ鷳˵ʲôնɱȡ۽ǼֱԼˡ
ûҪ
Ϊһжңӵǿƽ֮³䶨ʱаĮȴͻȻң֮Ȼ֮⡣
˵ֻҪ۽һоͶȥ
ĪΪϵ治ɱôбһĨâңһһٵĿڵгʱܷһ
£Ȼ¡ƽĿңӣа˵ռ䱾Դң߲С
һϣаȫûаڣô˵٩٩ȴ޾ɫ
һ˲䣬ңӵжʱ΢΢һаȻ֪лҪǿŵĴ֪ˣ˸ߵĿв֡
ֻǣ㵽ңҲȻ޷аʲôܹвԼ뷽磬ŤתǬ
Ŀңصı飬аڵּ֪ͼı۽Ե֪ӣƱػĺ֡
΢΢ͷңӲδ⻰٣а±ˣΪ˴ﵽĿκݴֶζõĳȫǲƺģͨ£ҲûܹаƵҪЩֶεĵزѡ
˵Ķԣ֮󣬵һǱޣȴһ˼а·ͼı۽һ㣬Ҳ㣬һȴҪᵽ۽ˣֻһҪֲڽˡңӣа¶һ˿֮⣬漴ת򷽴磬ɻǵɱô
֣жʱһݣȴȻа˼һɲǼжʱɱɫȻת䣬ȴȻδ𻰡
ݸһս֪ΪαһֱδĿŷ磬аʱɱ˾ѾշˣзԵĨɱȻһˡ
˵⣬ʵϣһоͶѾ˵ķǳˣϼͳɱˡ
գֵ۽ԶݣѩҲ뿪ǣֻΪɱ˵ˣɱ˵ϵȻһֱδжϡ
аշɱˣȻܹݲֽѩУȵӦʱѾаУûаĻˡ
аĵƣ
ңƾʲô㣿ĬƬ̣Ϲһ˿֮ɫڵаΪƾһ仰Ҿ͵֯Ĺ°ɣ
Ϊթ㣿¶һ˿маɭȻãȻҪ֤ݣ͸㣡
˦һöźţֻһɫ̻ӿлֱ͸
磬ȰòҪͻȻ־˵˼ĳһˮаνĿڵ֣ⶫӦʶİɣ
ңϵɫʱҲüΪѿ俪ڼϡ֮䣬аȻԸһŮӣôֱʡ
˵ǣһǵֽ̻壬˱˵֮䣬а͵һ˦һöɳȴǾŷķ˹ȥעɣݣ㲻ϵ˷˰ɣ
ң
ȷ𻰣ңһ̤гųϼ⣬аڵռ䶼׷ûһ˿ѵĻᣬֻҪң룬ʱ֮ܽնɱ
⻰ӦǱ˵Ŷԣû˿ľ⣬аɭȻһƣ̱һɢ
ԣңҲΪ֮һͣȻľѩԼͽܣΪѩڴԣѩ˶һʲôĽҲĥˡ
ǣǲ֣ѵķηҲԳ꣬ԷôңӾ޷̵ġ
ˮһ͸·ȫû˵Ļһ㣬ԹԵİһ˿⣬ȴʼղδ˵
ôƬ̵ʱ䣬ֻħɫĴѩȺ֮˹
ӡһѩȻһɫĳȹ˫㣬һһ䶼֮ɫȻɡ
ɵʱǵˣ㲻ۿеҪǵ۽Ҫɡ
ü֮һ˿֮ɫаڣ֮ȴǲԶ
аѩֻǾվԭأĿ͵Ŀŷ磬ȴʼղһԡ
ģЩӣһ඼ûгԣңɹ٣Ҳͬʵ߬аȻڵѡɣҪ۽Ҫ
Сӣ㲻ҪɵϹɱǿõһأȫڶԷһ֮䣡ͬʱСħҲͬڷ·һ벻Ҫӡ
۽̸ֻȴҵӱơɭȻаң¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ˵
ʲôЦ÷ҲȫڶԷһ֮䣬ĽԲңܹܵģһ̣ңѾ˴㣬ǷĴȻƴűǺޣҲҪնа
֣Ϊû֤ô俴ңӣаڣõ۽ҲΪܹߵĵ
Ϊһҵĵӣû˿ãңͬԵķ̵
·𿴳ңеɱȻĬƬ̣аòҲգ͵һӣֻҪͽѪģҿԲҪֻͬҪ۽תߡ
ҿߡƬ̣ңڻǿڵ
ûܣһΣаĻشͬնҵĻͻ֮ǰԲܽǡ
һ£аһ˿֮ɫɭȻ磬㻹Ҫ뵽ʲôʱһ仰۽ǲ
а䶢ŷ磬ڵ
ӷõ۽ʼϸо飬ӵεεп׷ǳӸΪ˾ǸҲϧԲŻѩĲ֣һаȻʤȯգͲ·粻
ǶңһĨɱƹܻᵼңƸ۵ĳ֣ƱҪŷͬƵġ
̾Ϣһָֽڵ۽֮ϻ΢΢̧ͷɫ֮䵭ģ·ȫκӰ졣
вô


 һپʮ 
㣬вô
󣬷羿һʲô̬˵仰ģƽĮӿ³һɲǣаҲԼǲˡ
ңӣҲȫû뵽羹Ȼ˵ôһ仰춼ûӦ
磬֪˵ʲô𣿡ǿѹеĲаʵֻҪеС˾ͻȻҲȲ
֪ʲô𣿡˿ав絭ڵֻҪҾ͸ҽħڣħ£Ȯ
ᣬȻ̺еɱ֮⣬ȴκ˱û˻ɷĻķ绹ֻǵؽ׵ʵѡ
ңһɲǼ䣬аĲȻһȴԲ˿òͬھô
Ŀ΢䣬ᰴڵ۽֮ϣȻ㲻Ҫ۽ôҸᣡ
µ˲䣬Ȼһ۽ȻһɫĽӰƯڿУȥұԵ۽Ϊͣħţ
⻰һڳжһݣȵĿٴ䵽۽֮ϡ
⻰ǷԼ˵ģڳЩˣ˭Ե۽û֮ģֻ񷽴ңӵʵ̫ǿᣬŲòеǣҪԸħŵĻǾͽȻͬˡ
ڳĶǿߣһ֣ħҲ̫ѵ飬ңһȥǻһ֣ʱħӴֻҲûء
֮⣬һѧҲȫԵͣɱ䣬ɢְ˼ǣ˿аԥĻᣬּ˳һȺݣģɱаиֲĶࡣ
㣡һΣаЩˣƥκ˶ǿµĺһʵϢƱػķӵǸʱ򣬸ûκֹǷȺȻǿħҲԲС
ܵõ۽ҲͰˣħҲ޷ֻҪֻܹرԴͻףôһоͶֵõģǣķȴǸûдᰡ
һ
£ԱκĸҪĻ߻£ûκεԥص³һ֡
磬㲻Ҫң۾˲ͨ죬аһһٵĶŷҧгݵĳҿһֻҪҵ۽ҷѪģҿ԰ѩ㡣
ܾ÷а˳ӣҪʯ٣ǣаȴڻЩˣòٴò

˵ϣƤûգһ£ô˹ĺ˵ڶ֣
в˵ˣǴԷĵĻڣѰҶԷҪֻҪץסһ㣬Ϳ⽫ԷŪ֮䡣ǣͬԷȫвˣô̾ͻתΪƣһп̸ĳ붼ûˡ
ӿвʼע۱ʵѾԶԶԷˣԲŻѡֶοǣһԷвóƸ۵ͻ֣ᷢѾȫڶԷƿ֮ˡ
һ˲䣬亹δε£а־һҲ⿪ʼԥˣ
ŵ˵һģӮˣȻܹҪһУǣһˣǾħһ
ˣаʮİգƴʯ٣ҲᶯҡԼжϵǣƫƫǰһǲƵ˸͸˼
Ǿһɣ
ãаȴվǲŷǷ߬еЪ˹Ĵ
Ը
û˿ԥа仰µ˲䣬ȻΪһӰаϮȥ
ɴϮɱȫû˿ˮûκֵӣ
䣡
Σ֮£аٹ˲в磬һ̧뷽ٴӲӲײһ
һѹû˿֣Դ֮߷һ֮£ȻаʵҲݺҷ˳ȥ
һ֮󣬷ûа̸ʶһ֮䣬־߷˼£ҧȥɱڵӿݣ
һˣûħҲûǿ߸ҳְǣˣһʱ䣬аʵĸоĿֲܣֻǴ߷һ㱾Դ֮޷ң˱Դ֮ȣǣʵȴȻܹĽѹ
ֱһ̣аţȷȫûиּۻ۵˼ò˼ѩˡ
һĳ֣ɱУҪаʶĻסֻ¹ನѾԽˡ
һаŵˣֻһ磬ʵѾӶˣοԱ߻ңڡ綼ںѩˣѵңӻںˣȥȵңӷӦֻԼߵϣˡ
磬ݱˣҧгݵĿŷ磬аյĴ뿪һ
ǵ۽ѩˣһ۷壬վ۷壬аãѩôһСѾͷһˣŷңһֵá
ֻǣǷչֵز˭ĵ羹Ȼ˾飬ԼŮ˵Ҳȫԣֱħ˻Ҫݶ
ۿаϵĹ΢һڵ
΢΢һͣаȴǲû̴ӦֻĽĿתңӣڷ磬ʵңӲּɵĴڣֻзһˣ˵ʲôҲύıϾ򲻹һ£ܲ߾һˡ
ֻзһˣĿֱܾһȻӵӰ٣㷽ץҲ׷
ԣ˷һۣңӳƬ̣ͷ
ңӱ̬а˿ңӵݱϾǲͬģһ˳ŵзڵĿܣ
һβȻҰܣȴվһ·ֻҪ뿪պз̵Ļᣡ
ҧҧһ˦֣ͬǰ෴ķȥһ˦аͬȫʩΪǷҪѩȻû׷ȣһأͬķ顣
ҪģôƬ̵ʱϾʵȵزȫߣƬ֮ӳǧ֮ң
Ȼȫû˿ԥ־չ缸ڵһʱ㻯ΪһӰץ˹ȥ
۱ֵĺεᣬȴκ˶ףǲܲѩģ
֮䣬֣΢÷ŵڳֻǼˣҲȻû˿ʹ˷Źа˼
ŮвԼԷѣЦ
ߣôף


 һپʮ ٣
һɲǼ䣬Ȼһɾɱȫû˿ϻ˼һ֮䣬Ȼأ˲ϢԽ˽ǧ׵ľ룡
ȻаٶȣسɴҲ˲׷ˣһΣȴûκεԥ֮䣬һȭȻҳ
磬ΪƾסôۼңӹȻԲδ׷ажʱ󶨣мЦŻӭս
ʲŽֵȻǿҪвȴվǲģ㶯ԴҲһ
䣡
һȭаĵֿȻһȴҲͬþ䵽аϵʱ򣬸ʣ¶ˡ
Ĺ㻹üΣ˿ⷽƶаЦż
سɴԴڣҪ̰ѷľǲܵģǣԴسɴĶǵķǳֲģһаҲͬķǳ
츳ܹڵؽ׵ʱ򣬾ӵȿֲսǣȱȴҲͬǳԵؽ׵ʵ޷άָ̫ǿȵսϣҲаϵ緦
⣡
˿ûа˼Ǳ벻мӿ³ֵ˲䣬һصϢȻС
գ֮䣬һ԰ɫĹʱ˷ڴͬʱСħҲڴӷļԾ˳ӶѪɫĳ򣬲ϲطġ
ʲô
ڳ˲״̬ˣңҲȫ֪ħ֮Ĵڣûмħ֮ܡ
ֻǣħ֮һ˲䣬һصϢȴңҲоһвƺ̺ͬһ˿ռ䱾ԴȴĸҪµĶ࣬ңƺʲôţ޷ĸб仯
촽Сħ˷ܣѪɫצӻ֮䣬һſѪħ֮ͷŶÿһŶռһڵ㣬һſѪ𣬱ͬγһŹֵһ㣬ضǿ
ԭѪ֮ǰЩǿߵħѾСħ۶ˣֻǲδ̶öѣ
㾿ҪΣһ˿޵̰ɵаٴηʵ
˵۽ҶǳĻôħ֮ȴ˲һȫĥĸоֻƾܸоضǿǱԴָ֮оܹץ
˵һѾ˷ܵķˣǷôһֻǵؽ׵СӣȻܲ˶ʼɵķ
֪£Ǿκβ˷ģа̲סˡ
ģҲᶯɱģܻܲȥǾҪ컯ˣĮȻɨаһۣ绺˵Ŀ֮ƺֲмֵּڴ˵ġ˷ܣ
һ˲䣬аȻһּΪĴȻû׷ӦȻһܼ֮
٣
һ̣аȻӦ˹羹ȻҪڶɽ٣
û籾ֻǵؽ׵ʵԴкܶȱݣͬҲӵһĵƣǾ٣
һ٣бǣеˣͬ⵽ٵĲ˵ǿв
ӷ磬㾿Ҫʲôһ̣аֱѾҪˣվ۷꣬ȴûжɽٵʵûԴִ֮ٶɽ٣Ǳɱ
һ̣ûаϻȤһھѪʩչѪ֮룬ֻҪ뿪һľ룬ͲܵٵӰˣҲΨһˡ
ֻǣķˣ
ħ֮չټ־ĸٶѾﵽһƱ̬ĵزһ䣬ܱ˽ӽ˲Ƶٶľ֮£ݵа
磬ôŲֻǵؽףһֻٵﵽͻʱǿȣʱ˭ˣۿżʩչѪҲ޷ѷľа̲ס
ΣǴһ˿Ŀڵ
򵥵ĸ֣ȴʱаץˣʲô̬ȰһѵвôúõһҪԼһ
磬Ů˵ҲѾˣΪʲôһҪһѾˣ㾿Σв֮£а̲סٴηͼַͷ
ʵϣֹаڳ˶޷⣬ΪʲôռƵ£ҪѡôҵķʽȥаͬھͲϳҪ˵аѩ÷ǻ˵Ĺȥڣ˭û£ԿֻаŶԡ
Ĳ⣬ҲȻû˿͵˼ϵɫûзֺı仯
ͬھȻǣڷ˵Ҫᣬ׽аɱѣ
СħѾˣʵɽ٣ٵĿ̶ֲѾ˿ͻ֮ʱĿ̶ֲ˺οʱ򣬽ħ֮һطӡٴθԴ֮ٴٵѶȣ
һаһӵѶҲ㲻ʲôνʭӶ˲Ѿںˡ
ˣɴавײʹ죡
ӱܲκвһȻаʧˣѩв£ȴѾ˷̵ܹĵߡ
˵ǣٵķʽɱͲΥŵԣû٣ԷӼҲҪ֮նɱ
֮ǰӱϿƺһֱĮĿ£ȫавҪԳֽаһնɱȴû˱ȷһзŭʹ࣡
ǲںѩֻף£κεòᵼ¶Էôߵƣ󣬲ܾѩὫԼҲȥʧȥһ˿תȫֵĻᣡ
Ϊһ̿ͣԵѾﵽһֿµĵز
׷ѰɵĴ֮̿ģǲκ˵в֮
ֹѪУǵ˻ŮһԷвܴĶֱԲڴ̿͵ϳΪǸͲϴ̿͵׼
侲κ£־Ե侲еѡǴ̿ͣ
꣡
Ƭ֮䣬ԭһֱСħղŵҲٴ˳ͬһתһѪ֮еɽȥ漴һħ֮ϵķӡ֮
ڴͬʱҲͨħ֮ܵһ˿صıԴܷ֮޷ֱ⵽һʲôıԴֽ֮֮͸ıԴϢڷ˵ȴһּİ
˷ֳһʶŲа֮⣬缸ȫľõ˶رԴĸ֮ϡ
Ȼڷ˵Ϊܵĸ̣а˵ͼֱǶ˺ŵ˵ԽԽֲĽƣֱѷ̻˵Ķˣȴƫƫþһа취Ҳ޷־棡


 һپʮ ף
֣߬½ǣѩ۾΢Щʪϸ֣ᷢ촽ѾҧѪ
㣬ôһ֮䣬ѩߣң̾Ϣһʵ
ΪʲôҪޣ΢΢ҡͷѩʵ֮в˿峺˲ұӡ
ȴֵңˣЦһ£վûҡҡͷСվЩ³çˣʱɽ٣ƺѵʱ
֮£һϣ˭ɽ֮ʱսսǰܾþ׼Ǿ״̬ҵ˵ĳܿһпӰ쵽أŸҶɽ١
ǷأȴѹͲںһУսľ֮¶ɽ٣ҪŽնɱаֱڸ˿谡һķǡ
ľٶңӵУȻ̫³çˣңӿ޷ǾķʽΪ֮ǰ־Ȼоͻ˵ȣҪնɱаֲѩľٶȻ˵ȴվ̫ꡣ
׼£ңӲôķ٣һƵֵزǾʵɲ˲ˡ
Ȼôѡ񣬾һԭһ˳ɹġŷķѩ΢΢ҡͷ
ңӣ˽ⷽ磬֮ǰѡ񣬻ڶɽ٣Լܹ׷⡣Զңӿĸ͸Ķࡣ
ڴͬʱ֮УСѾͷҲͬգһʱ䣬ȴζӳ£֪һʲô̬ˡ
ʵϣңӳֿʼҲ㷢쳣Ŀķչ
Ͼ֮ǰ֮Ըܲı仯ԭңӵڣңӳ֣ûпϾЩһȻͲˡ
ֻǣǵʵȴͰﲻϷæģҲͽֻǾ֮У﷽Ըѡ
ѩϣԴа̬ȣͬû뵽ģֱѩ赭дķʳһ䣬ΪʲôҪȻѣԼЩ׷˼ˡ
ò˵ԭڷѡѩ𽻹Щģһ̣ȴúޱĸоԼվǲѩġڷİҲѩ٣˵ڷ˽⣬ȴվǱȲѩ
ʣ׵ضѩѣھоô׷˼ҲΪ뵽ЩŻеһζӳ£֪˵Щʲôˡ
»صϡ
ħ֮СħĴ߶»⣬һ˿صıԴ֮ͬʱŷ練ȥܲ⴫ݸ磬ȴȷ÷õ˼ĺô
ȻʵϣԭԷʵǸ޷ЩԴ֮ģؽ׵ΪϾ̫Զˡ
ǣȴѾһѪԴľ飬֮߶ȴҲӲһصıԴ֮ڣǿ
Ḷ́Ȼȴ׻÷صıԴ֮һ˿˽⡣
ռ䱾Դշ⣬رԴ֮Укܴһֶǿռ䱾Դķ룬ϸȴƺֲȻ֮Ͳܹġ
һ˿ռ䱾ԴҲΪ羳Ӱ죬Ϊسɴ־⣬ǰܹһ˿仯һĸ
ԴͬһΣͨصıԴ֮ȴڵһԼЩԴ֮Ȼ˵ʵϴò̫󣬵ȴƿһţ÷͸ŷ쿴ķ羰
ƲۣȻһı仯ȴǱʵɱ䡣
䣡
һ˵ȻʵϣȴҲ˲Ϣ֮ѣ
˲Ϣʱ䣬֮УһҲȻݺݵҵ˷аϣ
һʵϲ̫ǿȴһźţһаһ־֮С
ɫ磬Ѿ൱һǿߵȫһ⻹ֻǸոµĵһѣĻ㲻ϣ
ؽ۷ǿ߶ɽ٣ǿҲͲ˶ˣеĲֻ࣬ҪϤٵˣζʲô
ȻǾһɣ
һɲǼ䣬аȴǶʱ׷ˣӲǾƴɣֻȴҪƴˣǲϧһд۵ĸƴ
ȼհɣ֮꣡
зһŭգ֮ǰаϱʱȼһ棬ֱȼΪ۴߶ǿ֮ŷ
׳գ
ۿаȴѹûд˼һ֮䣬ħ֮İ£ʮӰ׾ٵıܿаƴĹ
£Ȼǿħ֮ҪױܿҲ̫ף֮£ȴǽȻͬģٿǲ˵ģȥо㾿Ҫɱ˻ǵֿףһеĹᱻĬΪԿ׵ľٶ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ܼͬµĵɫݿ㽫аͷųĹ
΢ԥһ£ȴǸٲȥЩǳ׷ſϢɿֲĵɫԼÿһ缡
Ҫ֪֮ǰ̤ؽ֮ʱ屾ؾ۵ģĵֿԱͱǿ̫ˣӲĺҲȻ塣
СӣʣµľֻܿԼͦ٣˳̤ףħгŵΪ
ħ֮һطӡĳ׿Сħ΢΢ɿųٴλص˷ڣĿ˵
һصıԴ֮ѽǿڣڵܹ٣٣ǾȫСħܹƵˣֻܿ籾츳ˡ
ķȴѾû˿شСħˣƬ̵ĹٵǿѾһֲֿľ磬ȻԷǿᣬҲԳˡ
ѾʼǹѣѪ˳ëӿȾ죬գ֮ȻòҲ̶á
Ȼ뷽磬аҪҵĶˣ
ʵͱȷǿٵж£ҪܵĹ࣬ôһĹѾ˼ھѪȼ궥ţֻͳܲˡ
סľȻף
֮ԭɫ𽥼֮зĽϣѾ͸һ˿ɫажʱ¶һ˿֮⣬ĴЦ
ף
ıԴ֮ףǱŵģԴ˵Ĵ
Դֻ֮ͬıԴֿܵҲΪʲôаҶɽٵԭͻ׵٣ҪԵıȻıԴ֮ͦȥɢ
ңŽֻǸոտʼûã׾Ѿʱˣ֪ʲôֲûֿ
ü֮һ˿âǲϱɫһϲޱһҵ˼ȫ׿ȫĵΧÿһ֮壬Ȼѣȴʼպ޾ɫ


 һپʮ ʱ䣡
䣡
ԭɫ羡ɢȡ֮ףÿһ֮ж̺Դ֮
⣬Žֻǵڶٶѣ
üͷңеĽ΢΢ƺҪ֣ȴվɵ׶֡
ֱΪ췣֮ףѾ׽еļˣȻĻ֮ףǼԤƵܿסһ׽٣ٱή׸ǿһˡ
˿ռ䱾ԴңӲηףа֮ͽߵ׶ң˵ҲֻǱȽ鷳ǲܽ
ǣʱȴͲҳ֣κοĶ
ԭѾվ۷壬ʱ٣ʱ򿿽磬ΨһĽֱԼףһὫ˵ںϵһɾ;Բһһôˡ
ȻңʵȻǼϷ٣Ҳδؾûϸʶɹǣһٴδٵֻ¾͵ˡϾ˵ףҲֻǵؽ۷ѡ
Цһ£ң̾ϢһڻǴ˾ƺ«͵Ĺһڣ׽ָԤͷװˡ
ңӣе𺳾͸ǿ֪ˣȻŵҲòɬķ֣׵ض˵ǵؽʱˣڣҲûаܹ׵ĺ
¡¡
׵ĺ֮£еÿһÿһ˿Ѫ·𶼸һÿһκ֮䣬Դ֮
ѾѪȾ죬ȴȻֲ֮£ȻڷŻԵĴǣͬԴϴ£ԴҲһֱĸ֪
Ѫħ֮رԴû֮нµıԴϢ
һֱ۵ı
ѱԴ֮ѧô֮ǰѪħ֮Ľ⣬ǵеϳȻɵĿ㿴ôϸŵӣվһɽĸо
ô֮µԴͺһǰһýķʽǰһһʾÿһϸ벽衣
еĲ֮󣬾֮
ʵϣٵ屾ˣͬʱҲ˻ᣬܹץסôɾԴ֮Ļᡣ
Ȼʵϣ£˳̶ٵʱҲѾ൱۷ǿҪͻ׵ʱҪԵǿˡ
ǵǿߣҲǶڱԴһģֻҪץסٵĺ֮¶˱Դ֮ȻܹͨȻȻ˳ȹˡ
ȻҲͬӵżΣգٵв£˶ǽ߾ȫĵֿ߶ܹûϾȥԴϢһտ٣Ҳͬʧȥһõᡣ
Ȼȴǲͬģֻеؽ۷ʵǶعĸȴѾѷɫ۷ǿֻǶڱԴȴȻǺͷ£Ͳ֧֮Ƭ֮ͻᱻ
ǣȴƫƫԴȻԴ֮ǣ֮ȴǿܹе
΢ıԴ֮ҲվǱԴһԵʱ䣬Ҳһ
ͬʱħ֮رԴ֮ͬһֱǿɵڣٵĺ֮£Ҳͬı߷һá
ȻˣԭǸͼֲ˶õģǱˣ츳ǺεȵĿֲ
֮ǰͻƵؽ׵ʱ򣬷֮壬ԴԭһĪ׽ϡֻҪܹסƬ׵ĺѾ㹻б仯ˡ
ʱƣԴҲ˵һ˿Ȼ֪ͬͺ񲦿صڼͨĽһ㡣
ʱܣ
û׿һڣ˵ˣʱ䣬ǷܳԴı仯ڵԴرԴȱ׻
ͻƼޣܹԴɽʧܣ
п淨򣬵ȴޱȵʵ
ܣ˾ͬһ޴ĺ࣬ɿܹ֪һС
ʤģҲ֮ͬ⣬Ҳֻ״̬֮£ܽڵÿһǱѹե£⼸ľ֮лһ
ۣ
ͬһаҲͬʼ˹ѣ׵޲𹥻֮£ͬ޷֧뷽磬ȻҪõĶ࣬ͬȴûбԴ֮İҪֱԱӲ٣ǾͶһֲֿٶţȼҲȻЩַٶȣ
а˵Ψһִǿŷ䣬֮ǰȻҲҪۿŷҲͬǡ

֮УȻ۾ɫͬ˲䶴˾ʮһ㣬׵䵽˱ķ
סֻ̤ʱ׽ٱôе˼ˡ
¶һ˿Ц⣬΢Ƭ̣֣һָһεȻ͸ռ䣬űǵķͶȥ
ͬһʱ䣬۽Ȼһתķɵ˷ͷ£ٵĺ
ƺͻȻ뵽ʲô۵üͷ΢΢е֮Ȩһ˿âȴվǻΪޡ
ˣһ٣վҪԼȥɵһضɲȥȻҲֻǷѡ
ӿ³ôһ仰վûκζٴα۾ֻȴȻܹоĵ϶˼ڼ֮⡣

ǣֻرԴ
һ˲䣬ажȻһ˿Ȼ֮ɫĶŵ۽ɫȴ˲ͬҡ
ڸոգƺѾƵޣʱܱ׳˺飬Ȼؼʱ򣬵۽ȻԷĻסͷųһ˿ֻرԴϢ
ֻرԴ֮δͷŶȴҲѾ԰֧һˣǿаȻҲóķȱľʱ䣬۽ԷĻֱһʱ꣬Ӳק˻
һ˲䣬аеļʼѾȫ޿ˣƾʲô
ƾʲôôһСӾȻܹõ˵ΣĹͷȻܹõ۽Է
һУԭӦģֻرԴӦػˣҲӦŶԣ
ŵ˵һ̵аҲȻһƫִķ֮Уʧȥж侲
Ȼ̶ܴҲΪȼ̫֮ٵĺ֮һ־ŵаķ
˻ŷһеķаôȼ֮ٴŷ˹ȥż־Ȼ޷˵ų򷽴磬ȫһҪ뷽ͬھļơ


 һپʮ ɱɣ
յ˫ۣͻȻûһɲ֮ķͺڵҹһ˲ͻȻգں֮ɨȥһе
Į°
ûһֵ㣬ȻĿµ˲䣬аȴ·ǻϢ֮ǰַʶ嵭˲٣ʱָѡ
ɱ
赭дĴӿ³һ֣һŨصɱȻϯ׵ĺ֮£ҲȻ͸أɱһĨѪɫת֮۳ɽһ˿֮аϮɱȥ
ɱһѪ·
ûκεĶһһ֣ƾȻ֮Ӳ䵽аϣĻڽһ
䣡
һƺѾԽط򣬱˵аѾ;ƿˣһҲδܹܵסԵһ
ⲻܣ
ͫһаŵĺ˳֮ǰ뷽йпĽ棬ڷʵҲ˽⣬ǣһ̣ϱȴƺѾԶԶ֮ǰ״̬аһ޷ֿĸо
ϧȴûлȥ˼ˣѪ֮£ɱ͸񷣬һݻаһз磬ӲüĴ̳һѪ
Դͬʱ׸ֱӽһϢҲһĨȥڵһкۼ
ȻаͬʱңӵȴȻ͸һĨɭȻɱ

֣͸һɲĮĹ°ָ΢Բ԰ףȴ͸һϢ·˶ŨŨɱš
̧ͷǲϷĽƣ¶һ˿ļ֮ɫףǺộҲ͵Ϊֹɣ
ڿһץϢ֮䣬γһѪɱ¾Ϣǵأеס
ɱ¾Դ
Ҫκνͣףɱ¾ԴҲֻɱ¾ԴγֲֿЧ
磬ʲôʱƿɱ¾Դ
һɲǣ˶һֻеĸоͲ֪Ӧôݴ˿̵ĸˡ
ºˣ
ͬʱңӵȻһɾս⣬н΢΢ΧһҲ·ܵʲôǣγһԶռ䡣
ռ䱾ԴȻף¶һ˿֮ɫδɽ٣Ȼƿ˿ռ䱾ԴҲǸ
⣬Ȼ޴ˣҲֱܷķ磬ЩԾˣΪңӵͽܣΣҲӦ˵ĻŶԡ
¼Ȼܹ͸Сͽͷųɱ¾ԴӦþɱ˰ɣüͷңӳڵĿ֮֮ɫȴη֮⡣
ɱ
ִңӵĿ³ȴǶʱһƬˣڳЩǿߣв֪ɱݵģ
Ϲɱ֮һ˵ǳ⣬Ϲɱǿսˣһ֮ʬɽѪɱ¾졣
ô仰˵ķ羹ȻѾˣ
뵽˵еĴʻ㣬жһֳǵĺ⣡
˵ʵǿһ磬Ȼ䣬ֻҪ껹δ𣬱㲻һ֮£Զȡ˵壬
Ȼʵϣ˵Ҳͽֻһ˵ѣǿ۷ĸ֣ҲʹﲻľȻľ澹ȻôԼǰܲ˾壿
ҲмּʶĿңһۣ磡俪ڵ֪ݣ㻹ҶԱĪΪɱô
ҵӣȻ㣬ҲҪһսģο񣬿ǲҵģš磡ңӰȻڵ
õ
һ£ֻ磡һӣѪһɻصɱ⴩͸ңϮȥ
һƱɾ춯أѪ֮ռ価ԱѪɫȾ֮з·Ļŭ
¶һ˿֮ɫңͬһݳһתۼ䣬γһĿռ䣬ֱӴԽռѪ֮ǰ޻ɵ֮ײһ
ûо춯صҲûеЧĳеĽֻǱԴײ
Ȼָɱ¾Դռ䱾Դӣֻǡ磡ңӶڱԴ̶ȵıƴѡ
ӱ濴֮ǰаǴô̺ΣȴԶϣǻһ̾Ƿ
΢΢˿һѪңü֮Ȼһ˿ƽ֮ɫ֮Ȼ鴫ɱұȻӰɱǲҵġ
һѪ
ʵңǿҲվûж٣ܸɱǿ߶Կǣˣɱȴڽ跽սûгںӦ֮ǰɱܹӳʵԲɣǸͣ
£ңȴѾ֮⣬ռϷˡ
ոһν棬ңӶһȻʵϣȴΪѪĻɱһСֻڱϣûбֳѡ
Ŀ΢΢һ磡漴Цɹ٣ɱ̽ȡ
ԭʵȫӳҪֳһԿ٣һɱܹȻ͸Ϊˡ
Ȼɹ٣׵ϴʣʵһ޴ķԾҪǣᣬҲɱϤ壬ǸʱʵȻܹõʱٶԸңӣҪɵĶˡ
ɱΪһôһ˿âң俪ڵ
ģ¶һ˿֮ɫ磡ȻǣҪ̻ɢ
⻰һȴǶʱңΪ֮һͣŭļץȴƫƫһ仰㵽֮䣬á
ûɱȻҪֳһԿ٣ͬҲıڶɹ֮ǰõңӸǿдϡ
ˣٿǲ˵ģֱ棬㾿Ҫɱɽ֮ˣǰɽ١
ʱңʲôĿĴٵķΧֱӵ£ٵٴԼα
Ǹʱɱδɢ֮µķȴûˣңȻңӱҲδ̶ֳܹȵ١
仰˵ңӵȵٽһ߻ɱȻط磬ǣھǿг֣ǷˣҲھ޴Σ֮С
ң˵⼸ѾûʲôѡˣܱĻҲڻǲòǿסеɱ⣬
һɹʲ٣նͽܵ彫նɱָоӦһˣ
Ѫٴ֣磡ָգɱ¾ԴӿӲ֮пһѪɫֱͨ͸ʡ


 һپʮ ƣԣ
ѹǣ
ƺǱ磡ֿ̬ˣеĽƶʱϵۣ׻ɢȥȻ֮ȴϷɫҲԽĴ䣬Ȼڽ֮УȴҲܹĸܵǷݿֲѹԶԶܿٸǵҲȻһִѹָС
ڷƮ磡ǹһ˿֮ɫϸһ㵭Ѫɫɱ¾֮ɢ˱·һɱ¾֮κθڵǰĴڣնΪƬ
Ȼڡ磡־ʱ򣬷ļ֮ȴͻȻɳһֻѪɫСħӶѪɫĳĶš磡
Ѿûüֵˣħʮӵʱ䣬ʧűħĳԵɡ
ħ֮ɣνʼ磬磡СǩԼȻҾˡ
׳գ˷ۣСħӶųƾַҲΪħˣ
Ҳ磡ĿڵݺµʱСӻûؿңеˣѾĨɱ꣬Ϊ㻹бѡ񣿡
ħ֮ɱͬжţǿ۵ûܳɹոɹȴǸպħ֮ҲһõôֻҪ˳ȹ٣ٽħ֮ոʵָܻ̾룬ܹڶʱھͻٵ׳Խ۷ʱڵԼ
㻹ʱ䡣Ŀš磡СħĿ֮Ѿ͸һ˿֮ɫһ׵ӣɱɵ㼸ûбκһĿⶢס֪Сħħ֮飬һ̣ɱҲһ˿Ƶɱ⡣
ңߡ𣡡
ɱĮķ·ܹΧһж׶ᣬǵɱܹ˲ݻ˵־
¾ƺ̫˵㡣
ͬʱһӷ֮𣬴ż벻мһ仰ֱӵɱı
һɲǣɱ㷴Ӧ˹ɭȻڵСӣϢֶεǲ˭ĵ뱾Ȩ
Ȼ㲻Լҵ壬ǾԶְɡ˿ûںɱ˼Ŀһ˿ͣɱش𣬾ڻµ˲䣬һǿ֮ĳɱķ»عʶɲ֮¶ȡһȨ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ɱ漴Цֲøţԭ꾹ȻѾԱ۷ĴôˣԱҲ
һ˲䣬ɱĸо˷ǿȻԶ޷۷ʱڵȴҲԶѰܹˡȻˣɱҲȻ壬Ѿǳ۷ʱڵһ룬ǣȴվǷܹġ
Сӣ㿴ʲôʥ׵ֶΣ
һɱȻΪһѪŷݺն䡣
껯ΣֱӷĹ״֮£֮ɱǿˣûӦֶΣҲֻбѹƵķݡ
ܼ򵥣ʶ࣬һȭٽһֻͨ˲κθ񶷼ɣһȴǾĥϱһ֣ʤȻԶ
٣
ȫûɱ˼һֳڣһصȻ͸ͷŶܹ꣬Ŀһֳ֣֮ȴȻһĽ⣡
ӡ
ԭͲڷܹͷųǿֲ֮ġ
գܹƾؽ׵ʵħһ·ֿסСħ깥ƾľӡ
ʵսӡȻǷ籾ȴʵޣĶǿߣѷӳ̫õǣɱˣȫĶԾ
һӡܹӳʵֲ̫ˣСħҲ˳ȥԸմȾϰ㣬ֲ֪ˡ
ǵһ³ʽ㼸ȻתӲĿȨ

ĿȨܹӡһɲǼ䣬ӡǳɱ
ֽӡ֮Ϸ·ҲγһĽɫӡرԴĽɱ껯ΪѪɳȥ
ܱɱ¾ԴҲ޼᲻ݣ㲻Ǹ׶Сӣܹһ
ԭΪܹ׾ٻ֮սȻһʼܴ죬ʱɱЩˣʱ˻ţܻѪâʤ͸޾ɱŷնϸǸһһǰĲ֮⡣
ɱ¾֤¾һɱ¾֮жȹżǲҲɱҲնҲַɱ¾ִһߵڣ׾ٵĴ׵Ϊʥ׵Ĵڡ
ǣɱ⣬ڷ˵ھӡǰȴ·𲻹ֻһЦƾɱδ߶֮Ҳ޷꣬ǽɫӡ޷ơ

ָ΢ΪʨӡһԴӿ³֮ڷ֮ϵӡ֮ٴαãһȭѪû˿ɱ۵Ѫôֱӱӷں˳ȥ
ֱ˿̣ûڵĿȨɱ˳ȥ
ֻǣȴҲȻԶ
ͼĨɱԼɱȫû˿֮ģֱ˿֮⡣
ߣ
ʨӡתʨӡһľӰΣݺݵٴ䵽ɱϡ
ԣ󣡡Уڣǰ
ָɿ㶯ӡ漴һӡˣͷŶǲϱõӡӷڷɳΪ⣬ɱһзֶΣݺݵҵ֮ϡ
깥ȴʤ깥
ľӡǵ˲ʹݻɱ룬ת֮䣬ɱû֮壬Ҳ֮ھӡĴ֮£ٴܵش
ܣⲻܣʲôط
ںɱʱٿлû˱ӣϷ·޾Ѫƣݵȴ͸һ˿°
¾ڼˣ
ƽĿλպյϹɱ֮һϴڣ绺ڵü֮䣬ûеʤϲãƽͬһжûз
۾Ĵ˹Ȼ鴫͸㣬һôĶŷ磬ɱɭȻڵ
΢΢̾Ϣ漴ڵһɱʱҾ֪Ȼ⣬һ·ѰϹɱҲΪɱҵĲڻ̲סˡ
һʼѾԤϵ˿ܴڵķɣ֮Ϊ˶ɽ֮ʱܴڵв֮һԣ֮ǰսʮǿʱҲʼûеĶþӡСħһжΪ˷λʱֵܳɱ¾


 һپʮ Դ
ܣ
ļƻ޷죬֮ǰκף֪һ˿â¾֮УǾȻ֮ɫ·𷽴˵һжֻһЦһ㡣
ϣû޷ļƻ֮ʮʮоţȥһȫںɱɫƽע¾ΪļƻʵȻ
һ˵¾ļƻȷڴ֮ǰҲȫоκβʣңӵ֪ϰɱʱ򣬲ҲΪȫûôʵϣҲ֪ңӣκһˣ¶벻ɱ֮л˿ֲɱСϧЩ֮ȴԲ硣
һͷĸ߷磬ʲôĽ⣬ƽĽԴˣȻܹףɱĴ֮бȻ⡣һ緽˵õɱʱ򣬾ѾԼ²⣬֮ŵ۽УСħ֣÷϶һ㡣
һ̿˵ֻҪж˻ôʣµ޷Ǿˡ
¾ʵȻǿʵǼģȻֲȴҲԶûдﵽĪľ磬仰˵ʵ㣬ҲǳԽ׶ѡʵڷʵ̫ʱ򣬸Ͳ֣ܳǣͬɷ緢չȥҲδؾʮİտƷˣһԷǣλܲ²ⲻ¾Ҫֵʱˣ
ȻЩȴѹûд¾͵ġ
䣡
˵ͬʱյҲ۳ΣˮͰϸɫ統䣬ͬˮкذ㣬ֲѹֱӽռһѹ£˵ǵֿŲһСָ졣
Դѹƣͬڱ½֮ʱѩʥѹһûбԴˣʸûУ
꣡
һĹ֮𣬷׵ĺ֮£ʱܴ޷Գֱ֣ӱİ˵ϣѪһε䣬ǹҲ֮ͬ˶ѡ
Ȩѵôۿŷ磬¾͸һ˿֮⣬ɭȻв
Ҿվеӣúˡ͸һ˿֮ɫĻһ䣬ٲ¾վֱ壬֮ȻϷĽƣһֶԡ
䣡
ֲɫƷ£ڵĿռ䣬˿Ųأֱӳʾɱ֮ƣɱһС
ƣ
˵ϣ⼸֮£ѡľȻǶܻߵֿǷϮͬһ֮ӭϣ۽˲Ϣ֣ת֮䣬Ӳ֮ǰնȥ
Եؽ۷֮٣ǿɱ¾һҲΪ֮ݣĲ˵뵨ɫѾ˾ˣ֮£ÿһ˶ǸԵģҪ˵ӭϷˡ
һϮȾѪİӰһ̣ɸڳһ𺳣Щ۷ǿߣҲòϣķʸ̾׵ضڳûʵ׵ʵҲͬң
ۣһѪ˵Ϣ·˴룬ٴαɻ˵棬֮ȻһƬѣͬ⵽ʯײһ㣬ǣˣĿ֮УҲȻɫ
ɣ׽پأֻ֮ǿʵûܿסģĿȨɹ٣۷ٴ⵽شɱ˫ֱǰĿŷ磬֮гջ
ħ˵ǲ㵱Ϊħĵģ˵ķݡȷشСħӶųֱӳɱǰĿڡ
꣡
ӿ³⼸֣Сħ϶ʱӿһصϢѪɫȻת֮ͽɱУγһѪɫâǵ״͸޾壬ͬһ׵޵׶һ㣬˺ꡣ
һӡ飬ñΣ͸һĨɱɱһ̤Ȼ֮ٴ۳Ѫ޻ɵСħնȥ
ϾϹɱ֮һֻ֮彵٣ҲԲ裬һ̳ɱ¾Դ֮صĽ͸񷣬û˿ȡ֮⣬ôԴ͸ѪɫâǣСħϮȥ

Ȼӿбһ֣ѪɫâкȻͬӵ֮ðһ㽫ɱ
Сħó깥״̬£ӵɱУֻ״̬ȴȻģصֶμǲҲɱ궼۳ɱ¾Դı̬ǻˣ֮䣬͵ñСħ꣬ʧȥˡ
ɱ۵ѪնӦϣֻǣȴ·޾һ룬ֻҪնһֻƾճһȫµնɱ
Сħɱݣȴ·ûпһЩһ㣬ԹԵյĽƣϴ߶ڵӭٶϣϢ˿ҡ

ͬԤƵһһνٵȻﵽ˿ֲ֮ұ˴֮·һصϵ޷һһܣһƾձһֳ׵ľ֮С
ףˣҵҪܷκε˷ĳһ˿֮ɫһ̤죬ħ֮ٴθֶŷХ֮䣬ٴ֮µȥ
һΣɴ۽ˣôӭȥɴһȭ
¡¡
·ʲôֲϮһΣµ磬Ȼڷһȭ֮ºȻɢ㱻ǿڣһ˿Ѫ۾ȴǸ˼֣ôҲ;ƿݵӡ
羢ʮȫǴ߶Դȫһ
˻ΪٶϢоһǿȻߵɱ¾ȴģһɼҲᵽһ˿ϢƺѾȫԽܹļޣ˽ʥ׵
ôܣ
һɲǼ䣬ȻɱԣҲ΢΢һͣʱֹͣСħĶŷ磬񶼲Щˡ
Ҹով˵ˣ䱾ûʲôܵ飬ңδлɱȡƬȫĻᣡ¶һ˿֮ɫƽĿڣ޳Ū֮ɫ
˵ʲôһ仰ɱĳɾʵ̫ˣ󵽣ɱӦֻǴĵðһĺ⣬ӽŵֱԡ
Ҳ֣ɱܲˣ˭ҲԽĽ
ѾĻȥƱˣȴ֣һжǶԷƻõģ㲻ûиԷ˿鷳˶Էæĸоɾʵ̫ˡ
ɱҲǴˣֻȫû뵽ᱻ練ƶѣ񣬷ѻȴ˲˹
ҲףһжƻõģΪʲôȱɹ֮ٳȨŷ磬ɱʵһֱ⡣
Ծӡǿƣȵ淽ɹٳһܹ׶ȡĿȨңͲñٵΣգɲЧѡ񰡡
ɱ˵׾٣˵ȴһѵͻƼ޵Ļᣡգûлͷݿڵ˵ٱͲʲôͷǻɱɽ٣ƽ˷ѵõĻ᣿
һ˵ȴȫû˿ԥڣÿһֶԷθǷʵдա
᣿֣ɱһʱҲûܷӳ͸ҪΧˡ
ͬʱ֮һ׽Ҳ۳Σŵɫͬŭһӽ֮ŷ
ŵ
˵űǼ֮ŵҲ޾ı仯ɾԲǶѣһֳ׵ʱ䣡
˵ڳ۷˵аĴڣ۷֮׼пܴ֮ǰ״Ļôľŵǻֿܹ֮ˡɱ֮壬ľŵҲȫԸ˿ˡ
ȻԤĽȻͬһΣȴǸûκζԿ׽ٵ˼Թһ˿Ц⡣
ɱѾѵ֮ȻߣҲ˿ˣףʲô֮еĻᣡ
˵֮䣬һ֮䣬ħ֮УֱǾŵȥǵֿҲǻرܣǳġɣ
ûɣ
һ̣ԡ֮У粻ûܵκ˺ͬˮһ㣬Χеڣǿ̬֮壡
¡¡
֮ȻڶĺȻһΣȴǻ𣬶Ǵûһӿ뷽ѪҺ֮Уһɱ䣡
˲仯Ϊĩ˶ɫţϱ壬֮
ֱһ̣ɱ˷⣬¶һ˿뾪֮ɫ·˵Ĺһ̱׵߸һ㣬ǿɬ
Դ
ѵĴӿ³⼸֣ɱ·һ˲Ͳ࣬ɬ̾Ϣһ򷽴Ŀѱ쳣ˣһ˿ļɵ
еĻᣬˣڳûκ˱Դζʲôˣ
ƿԴʥǿߣܹӵԴҲָΪҪִԴʵ̫ˣԴҲֻ֮ҪԴֱһˣ
Ȼǵ־磬Ȼ˼ˣǣмۣȻϹɱҲ˵ɡ
ǣٶû꣬ȻѾǿ۳Դֱͬ˵һ飬Ȼôʵķ˵ǰ𺳣ɱҲòΪ֮̾ˡ
ңµǣڶɽ֮ǰ绹Ͳ֪ʲôǱԴ֮ҪʲôԴˣǣôһת۵Ĺ򣬾Ȼʹ׽֮иԴҲ̫˵ɡ츳ֱеı̬
ٻɱף˵ĸĻʲô
֮֮ʱûеһʱ֣ΪҪһʱȥȫԴˣԾӡĻᣡ
ˣһУΪ޷ĶƻȴǷҪõľֶѣҵڣеüֵƺѾըˣ
Ҫǣһ˲䣬ɱȻ𷽴һ仰
ɱѾѵ֮ȻߣҲˣ
Σ
һ̣ɱʵĸܵΣСħǾ仰ֻ»治޵ķʸˣڵɱҲֻ֮ѡ
ӣ
һ̣ɱʱû˿ԥһвʵʵͷ˻ΪһѪӰ洳ȥ
˵֮ǰķ绹ɱ̫ܵвĻôԴ֮󣬾;һˣȫƿԴ֮Ǵı仯ɾ;Կֲ֮ˡ


 һپʮ ħ٣
ɣħ٣
ߣЩ˰ɣӶѪɫĳСħ촽ɫЦ
СħĳɱҲ˲Ϸˣ껯ΪѪӰƴӴܶȥСħ˵ʲôԲܻͷ
ɣ
ѪɫĳɿĻӶ˲Ϣ֮γһѪɫķ籩ǿ˺һ֮Ȼɱ˻ɱ¾ǿ˺֮£ҲûѵĻᣬֻǿάԼڱ֮УȴѾˡ
ʵҲֻзѣ֮ǰĽ֮УСħҲһֱֻӣδȫֱһжҪʱ򣬲Ȼʵȫ
뵽Щɱ㼸ƵҪѪˣһݺ£ȴ뾹ȻԵôһСУмֱ֮ܽƷ裬ȴƫƫòκΰ취
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬еҲ֮ɢ鲼ڷΧɫҲڣֻɫһϸȥ϶һĨַϣü֮ϸĳһɫӡǡ
͸һ˿΢Ц絥һָʱһɫɱͷȻ£һеķݺݺɱҪ֪֮о޴ĿãƿԴѾӵ˺ɱʵԴ֮ӦϣȻ޷ɱ⣬Ƕֻ֮ɱԴӵеɱɾԶκԴֲĶˡ
ܼ򵥣ϷѶѾ֪Ϸ֮Уһˣô˺ǷʵһЩҲȫܹ˵صԽɱˡ
̣
һĲȻһ֮£ɱʱܵش˶ή˲٣Сħ뷽ֿ֮£ֵĻᶼҲϢƺѾ
¡¡
Ȼɱʱ֮еĽȴٴηûǵɢۣƺȻǿ˼֣͸һ׽ظС
ٷ磬㲻Ҫ˵̫ˣٿɻûأ¶һ˿˷֮ɫɱЦſڡ
֮ǰ׽ٿ޾ʵ˵ˣҲ׽ٶѣֻ׽ʵֲ̫ЩףƵʶΪѾˡȻʵȴޱȵĸˣ緽ţӵԶʵͬʱҪܵҲǳ޷Ŀ¡
üͷ΢΢ſвϷĽƣҲòʱ˶ɱ׷ɱ¶һ˿֮ɫ
׽ȻֲǶڷ˵ϾǿԤƵģڶɽ֮ǰѾ²⵽׵Ľ٣ǣ˳ɹ׽֮ⷭĽȴ÷Щͷˡ
ң֮ǰĽͣνٿɲֻ׽ô򵥣κ֮ڵܳΪ£޿ɴȣΨоԵʵǶɹٵΨһ
ȻҪӵоԵʵѶȾ͸ˣԷı̬Ҳ˵ӵ˾ٵʵ
ˣ㱾ʵԽǿٵҲ֮µĵطвʲôʱ򣬶ɽ֮ʱٶһģԷʵ̤׵ټֱ˯žȥˡϾؽ۷̤֮ʱٽĹҲ൱ͨ׵ȫһѣ
ڷе۷嶼Ѿˣͨﻹ
ĽƣԼڿ͸һĨҰ֮ɫѹϢͷţ·ض֮ҰֻҪƣ˶һϢѹָУȴƫƫ޷ɢӵбԴ֮ңҲͬеһ󲻰
ħ٣Ҳ磬ɣ
ɱʥ׵Ĵڣ۹Զ˿ɱȣһ۱ֱϳٵһʱ䣬е˷֮ɫ޿Ρ
·ûʲôܹɱ˿е˷ˣԭΪԴʲô٣綼ԴˣҲǽŷԿ׵Ļᣬ·ȻɵĽȴͬһǿļһٴο˶ϣ
ħ٣⼸֣ңҲɫ䣬пһʱʧȥԭĴݡ
е֮Уµľħ٣ȫ޷ȥܵģطĸжƿж΢ϰʲôֲĹûκü˱Դ֮ħ£Ҳȫ𲻵ãƽɽٵѶȡ
־ǻԵˣڷԴǿ۳Դ£Ȼħ٣֮ǰһеŬĨɱŷһֽķʽȥɽ٣ⱾǾһǣ˿̻ɱڲ࣬һħУɱõĻᣬһ׼лȻֻҲһˡ
һб仯ʵ̫ˣתֱۣսļޡ
ԭһƴãɱҪڷеʱȻٵħ٣ȴǺʸ˷һʱ㽫Ƴת˹Ƿ˼֮
һ̣˵ңˣСħҲһûˣ
ˣСħٵĶ࣬ȻħٵĿֲһּ߸˳Ĵڣֱ͸飬˵ֻеؽ׵ķˣ۷壬ʥ׵ĴڣħҲǾһ
Ҫǣٿǲ˵ģµħҲͰˣСħ֪õĮʦĴΪԶǳܹģȻħҲδزܶɹǣˣ֮ǰ׽پѾװѵΪµħٻһؽ۷֮˶ɽʱǿô
ңɱ״̬һħ֮УɱֶͬħȥٴħٵѶȣ״£ֱʮˡ
һɲǼ䣬СħбȻ˾ϣѪɫĳӶ֮䣬е˺֮ȻɱĽɱǣסɱ˿ĻѾСħܹ뵽õķˡ
״֮£ҲֻгǣסɱΪȡһֻǣҪǣסɱҲԲʲô򵥵飬Сħ۷״̬֮Ȼڻ£ҲŽֻǽ⿪˵һطӡСħûüȥָƾѾ뵽ľ֮¡
СħûϿɷҲͰˣѾͬˣ־ҲɲСħˡ
飬Ϊκβôۼе˺ԽԽǿɱʱЦɱ¾ֱ֮ҲƬ̵͡
ȼ꣡
ֹؼʱ̣ɱ¾ڲһеȼ껻ȡƾ֮ˣһʥǿߣһ¶ģϧһд۵Ĺʵɾ;ǿֲ֮ˣ٣ͻСħķǾ㹻ˣ


 ڶ ҵļƬ
飡
һŭɱбһĨɭȻɱȼ껻ȡ˲ͻ˼ޣһն飬СħȫʩΪҲ޷ֹȼʥǿߣֲִٵ£ӦĻᶼû
һ飬ֱ˿̣˲Ŀɱʵǵȷ緶ȷԶǿܹġ
ѪӰһţһ˲䱬ٶȣѾﵽܿļ£޽ӽռ䴩ˡ
ɫĽƲϷȫûκףҲɲ÷׼ˣɲ֮䣬㳹ħУٴʧȥ˶ĿȨȫ޷ֹɱʴ
쵰צĻӶСħڿֻüץɱһӰȴȫûлֹˣһĨɱ
ץڿвϵķ裬ãСħ侲ɭȻĶգ¶һ˿Ц
ûƺѾ˲صľҲѹﲻκæˣأ
羭Ŀƾ龰ѵôʱҲͬԹۣû˿ֵ˼ôôѵ񣬷ͲηʵˣӼ翪ʼ˿˵ķ磬һ·һ˳Ƿһβ漣˳ȹ
һˣСħȴǳ侲ˣûħٵȷ£ɱϮκֻ¶ʮˣǣأ˭˵޷ƾֶûķƺԶ޷۱⣬ǣϸϸ룬СħȴòϣٵΪֹչֳǱƺ۲
һ׵ĺ֮£ܹݲ֣ԴǿԴǳܹģ
뵽⣬СħϾĻӶѪɫĳɨΧˣĿ֮УĮɱ

ʹ
˺ѷεʹһ̣ԷĳҲʼ΢΢Ĳ˳ֻѾȥˣȻȴܹƾֲ־Լ۾
Χȫװľˣǹָ򷽴磬͸һѹ·ʱܽ˺ķ顣
֧建վֱļһƬңƬһеĸо׽ʲôʵ硣ȻΨһĸԼڵģ˺ѷεľʹ
˿ڣӵ˿ڣҲֹһٶʮ
磬ҳǣΪ㻹з̵Ļôڳʮ΢׼֮£˵塣Щ˱վһźɫװ꣬ü֮͸һָϴһ˿ѪĲŪʳָϵѪ֮䡣
ǡģһƬңԼôңȻһ˶ʮǹ״£ûΪѣҲкܴĿԻѪ
ģ¶һ˿⣬겻мĿڵҿǱɵ˰ɣ㻹Һųʲôһ̿ͣڱүǰǸһֻһڹҡβ˵үһģͰ㵱ƨأ
˵ƽĿ꣬һüڡ
᣿㾹Ȼǿ˵·ʲôЦŵؿڣ֮
ಣ
˲䣬ͬԱһȻܳذ͸һ㺮âɱ·ʱ䶼Ƭ̵͡
žžž
Ƿ綯ͬʱʮͬʱǹǹڶ΢ӵͬһк£޿ܡ
ۣ
գ۵Ĺ򣬷ȻϮɱǰֻǾڼɾɱ˲䣬ԵһȴӲǰһ
ͷ­ҲͬѾٴζ˼ʮ˿ڣѪܵĽȾ죬Ǿҵʹ࣬Ĵʹŷ񾭣·ʱܴ
ҵٶȡΪʲôôȻһƬңڷ籾ܵķӦУԼٶѾǳ죬쵽ͲԷκηӦĻᣬǣһεĳ֣ȴȷԤڵٶʮ౶
ûôǹš뷽ͬҲЩɵˣ㷽ոյٶȿ죬ֶ˴󲿷ֵӵҲʮǹɣôϼѾ찤ϰǹ˰ŵǣϿûзµģ仰˵ȫԼ壬Ӳôǹûôܣֱǵ߸˵֪
⻰Ҳͬ˷磬ԽԽңַӵͷ÷һִѹָУͷҵʹȻȴƫƫͷʣµģֻսıԼʼδ仯·
˵ܳܽٷӵĹô
ԼٶӦôôǣôԼΪʲôĸо
ѾΪʲôǱʶԼȻһָоƺЩ˲ߣֻҪԼԸ⣬ԺĽЩȫɱ⡣
Щ⣬ϵڷȴȫҲ𰸡
үͲˣѵǲ֮ɣ¶һ˿ݶ֮ɫ͵һ֣ɭȻ´˱ɱ
žžž
нֹЩ˵ְһ仰ܺòգ۵Ŀǹɱˣ˶ԷнǹȻֹʱ䣬Ҳòܶҡǵ־
е΢岻ϵŻ࣬ոͬһ㣬֮ġ
ۣۣۣ
ѪĽ㷽Ѿٶȷӵ˼£Ȼʮ΢ɨ䣬ƺҲȫֻһЦ˼Ѿɸӣֻǹǣˣ羹ȻҲȻûе£ȻѾʹڵĿҪˣʶҲȻѵġ
ôܣŷѾܹɭɭ׹ǣȻЩѪˣҲΪ֮ݣԾһ˿⣡
һһ̿ͣĲ˵壬ϧˣ죬ɣ˫ֱأǼ֮ɫһ߸ϵӣڶ޳͵Ұ̵˷ָ
̿ͣ
򵥵Ķȥֱ׻һ˲зӵͷ·һصϵת˲÷һƬհס
ǡ̿ͣ
һૣͻȻһ˿âзɿ˿
ѵʲô˲ǵô俴ŷ磬ɭȻҿѾɵˣȻˣǾɱү·ɸҿǹҴҶҪʣ£
䣡һһƬ
̿ʹӰڰ֮Уô֮£ôԼľ֮£
Ǵ̿ͣôΨһ;ǡһиʵģ
˲Ϣ֮䣬еļƬ·һּٶȴ俪ʼգ


 ڶһ ˣ
临գ
ļƬһ̶Ļع飬÷һ˵ĳУ·еʹһ˲䣬棬ͷ··ߵϤĽֳֵĳУ԰Ρ
ʱһ̣·Ҳ֮ͣһ㣬۾ʱܹЩǰЩǹӵһͬһ㣬ȴȫС
Ϥ簡ԭĵطɻ͸һ˿֮ɫ̾Ϣһ漴ҡͷһжôʵǣȴվͬˮһ㰡
̧֣սһȻԭ͵ʱ䣬·Ҳһ»ָ
ӵȻкı򷽴磬ֻһ̣ȴ˳벻м
ȥ
ͷ΢һɲǼ䣬ϮӵȻٶȷۻأû˿ɿԣ֮䣬ķʮ˵֮С
ӷȭЩӵأֻж̶̲һʱ䣬ȻһеĽȴһ֮ڸд
ѪȾأʮ˵ʬͬʱ£ÿһ϶ʮǹЩȻҲǾϸѵľˣվ뷽ȣգ֮ɸɾûһ˿
㣿㵽ǹ˶Ѿ£ҲеĿ־壬Ķŷ磬˵ȴѾܿƵĿʼԼܹʪˣˣǰһ뻹ҫ·һо֮꣬һȴǱˡ
ϵ˿ȻϵѪȻȴδһ˿ɫ·һж㲻ʲôɫ䡣
΢΢̾Ϣһ㲻ҵġһĻУġ
㵽Ҫô磬ʲô㿪ֻҪ㲻ɱңҿһеʲô̸֪ݵģҪʲôҶԸ㡣ڵϣɫҰףϵĺˣЪ˹Ĵ󺰴С
Ҫʲôأظһ仰¶һ˿֮ɫͶ򶫱߷ɽķ̾ϢȥֻһΣһ롭ͷһΣò˰ɣ
˵ⷬȴû˼·ȫԷǿһôһǰȥӲ󣬵ٶȴ˵ÿ죬ת۵Ĺ㳹ʧ֮䡣ǣŷһߣϿֲ˿ھȻҲۿɼٶţƬ̵ʱ䣬ͬûܹһ

ʲôˤ䵽ϣ¾ǾȻʥǿߵĶһҲǰһɵˡ
ϰ׵ĸ¥·˵Ÿǧٹ֣ŵǣиֽķɿ֮дһж˵ʵ̫İˣİɱĶҲɱ޷Ӧ
һȣħ磬ôһжǷģзɿתͷ¾ֱҪˣô£̬СӣôôֵֹĶһж˵һ޴ĳȫ߸֪
΢΢۾ƾоѰҷڵķλ¾Ȼ֣羹Ȼһֲֿ֮ٶ򶫷ƶٶȫٷ֮ʱ죿
ԣħ֮£ʵӦñѹ˵ôôӵôµٶȣⲻܣϹɱ֮һ¾ħٻźģҲððʧʧ֮崳뷽ʶ֮ˡ
ħٵļأʱķӦȫûκμģ˵ȫҵģ֪Լ˭֪ҪʲôңʵᱻѹƵһͨ˵ĵزȴҪԸֽĻ£ѹȷ־ݻĵ׵ķߣȻ֮ʶħɣħҲ֮ˡ
ǣڿһƺ¾ȫһ۰Ҫץķˡ
͸һĨɭȻɱ¾ʱٲ˿ԥһ壬ȻУŷڵķλ׷ȥ
ιϹ쿴г˰㿴ǼһﾹȻɣ
¾ͬʱʱһƬȻһŹֵĳ֮ת˲ĿĽ㡣
ʲô˰Ӧ߲Ŷ㿴һͣѵߣĿɿڴķһ䣬ǴСеıʲôˣҪ߰㿴ҵĸôΪͽɣ
Щ˸ָľ֮ϴȴҲ¾ȫͷԣһҪѪĳ嶯Щ˵˵ʲôʲô棬ˣǴûмǿߣѵҲûôôģ
ڵ¾Ҳû˼ȥЩˣڵľѾԤ̫࣬ôΨһĻ취ɱսһˣĻɾôܿƵķչȥ˵Ļ÷Ķɹħأ
Ľ֣¾Ͳȥ룬һ޷ħٵĻĨȥʶôٶᣬὫԼٴأԴֶɹħ٣ķ磬ֻ״̬ܹˡ
еˣ̽䣬֣ȨҪϵ飬̽䣬ǽȡһЩҪʩǿִС
¾ŷɳûԶбʱ˼ֱȫװľ˾棡
ˣߣЩͨ˽ֵʣڹ˵ǳأܶ¾ʲôĲ²⣬ʱ򶼱Ҫͣ˽⣬ôҡڳϿշУ

¾ʲôӣϹɱ֮ʱ֮һ˸Сеģᣬôȥҷ磬ݲˡ
Цͣϵ飿Ϊʲôô
ɱǺεʵһ֮£ɫ䣬ֲɱӿ⼸ֱƷɡ
ǹؽ׽ɫһֱе껺ܹƾշеˣô˵ѵһľмоֵɲ׾ɱֻл׽Ϲҵ档
žžž
˲䣬ֱб̽˼ֻǹɱִܹЩ˸ǾӢеľӢҪɱڿеĻӣֱûκѶȣ˵䲻ģֱָ۾ӡ
ǣЩǰȴ¾ֻͨ˶ѣϧ¾ȴϹɱ֮һʵ춯أôǹܹвģ
ɱһ¾һץһѪȻУһ£һֱȻڿбը˶г飬һ˿ڴ¾Ǽ𣬻û¾㱻顣


 ڶ ɽ
ŶȣڷɻϣжһȣǴһ˿΢Ц˵⡣
ҽJŶ¶ӿȵľ飬ƯĿսЦͷһ촽˳ֽһдµ绰ֽ뷽֮УЦתȥ
Ŀһ۴⣬ִץֽţԳЦЦ漴֮ӵǰС
˵ѵãǶԷ˵ȴûʲôʵϣֻҪԸ⣬ûòŮˣҲݵѾֹˮˡ
Ȼ֪ŮսڨʱɱѾΧ¹֮ץˡ
ֶλһֱȴζŽʵϣ¾ʼɱ¾Ѿֱ˿ֲӵĳ̶ȣʮװֱһȴѾҲû˿ˡ
̶̰Сʱʱ䣬¾еװֱѾߴʮܣȻ¾оЩǣ⵽ĹѾʼͬնˣЩӵҲͰˣŲװֱݻ٣ԵѾʼлˡ
ȻɱʵԻڵĹҲ̫ͬдˣϾɲȫʢʱǸʥǿߣһֻ״ִ̬ħ٣ʵ⵽һ̶֮ѡ
ǣԷλãѾлںˣȫްףҲȫоϢ˵ֱǵ޷ġ
ȻˣЩҲвֻٶȴǲԾı㽵
⵽ʲôˣѵ߲ɣԶԶĴ״Ͽǻ¾߱ըҲδ˺ԷֺЩδľҲʼˣֱ̬״ðģֱ͸С˵ϵ߲ô
ʲôˣһζ뽫˾һŶʱըܿͱ뽫֮𣡡
ףɫһһ
Զ̹ҪӽĥҲҪĥ͵һ֣Ϊ׵ɭȻ
ΪһһȫҲǿֲ֮ģ¾˿ӽĻᣬֵγһܼĻʱҲ¾С
ЩĹȻ̫ǿȴҲԱǿߵĹˣ¾ʱ򣬹ôİҲŲסȻʥǿߣҲҪİϵĸģûõʱĲ䣬ؼڰ
ƽգ¾ʵڼ̵ٶ֮䣬壬תΪʵǣ磬ȴϡĲӣûάָǿȵġ
һһȥģвɾ̫ˡ
ûͷûԵıԷֱֱĸоܿ¾ˣоڵλԽԽԶ¾ȴҲ˷ʱˡ
ѪӰΣݣ
ҧгݵһ䣬¾ȻһھѪ˲仯ΪһѪӰͬĶӡ
û취ЩԸ̫вҪǣûʱٵ˰ȻǸٴʩչѪ֮Ҳ˲ˡ
鼱֮£ٴȼ껻Ѫ֮ʱ¾ٶȴﵽһֲĵزǷɻҲ׷ϣֻƾǶλȷλá
׳ô죿ǵ˸ʹƵĿǶλĴĻЦſѯʵ
׷ˣĿӦòǣңҲ˶ˡϸĶͼһᣬҡҡͷ½˸һĽͣӽԺ󣬽ֹκ顣
׳˼ǣĿߣٴѯʵ
㿴Ҫȥķģָǰĵͼʵ
ǡһ˲䣬ЩˣֻȻЩʵ׳Ϊܹס
뵽¾ǿֲʵȻЩķ̲סСѯʵҪ֪һܹݵأӲڵĹİ
΢΢ҡͷߵ¶һ˿֮ɫ̾Ϣǡɽ

ٴλصϤɽ£ĽŲȴǲԾͣ˵ӣȴǵĵȷȷĸˡܣһ̿ܶδʵġ
̾Ϣһ绹һе˼ôһɽȥûʹκͬͨһһɽȥɽһһľ·𶼻Ǽеӣû˿ı仯Ǳ۾綼аܹ׾ٵɽȥ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼɽ΢΢ϸ꣬ϸһܰʵĸоͬڶԳ
ɫѾˮʪȴûпȥ赲ˮĵ䣬ЩĹ̡
ɽƮŵľ㣬ϡܿһĺۼʯֱ߷һ֧̣ûκرϢȴƫƫܹˮʼ޷䵽֮ڣ·γһСԵա
ͷ˵ıӰһ˲䣬ۿȻԾЩʪˣЩʣȴȻŵ΢Ц
ɵСӣʲôתһľƺһƼɳȻ˵ĿУôһӣѲɲҴƻҪƭ˼ҵľƺȲɣ
ͷͽһˣѵһھƶ᲻øҺȲɣЦһȫںôߵ˵ߣƺ͵Ĺһڣż˵ͷҲڣ͵͵Ⱦƺ˰ɣ
Сֺ˵˵ҲôֱߵһӣôݺڷԴһǡ
ιιңİΨһͽܸɵˣ΢΢粻ֹ
ž
˵֮䣬Դȴֺݺݵİһ̣û˵ƫ㻰࣬ô꣬Ǵɵ͸ôɵˣôһ²ɣ˵ҲûСӴȥ
У˭˵ǧ겻ŵģƲƲ죬Ŀڷ
˼ҺģȻСӲϺúüͷûգһ£һ仰͸˻
ͷˣһ£ڵˡ
ĸ֣ڳĬŷԴ̾ϢСӣ㳤ˣ
ϴһ˿΢Цƺ͵Ĺһڣſ˵ͷЩӣ˺ܶ飬˼һϲ
͸һ˿֮⣬˵ͷ˵̿ǲаģûġԣҺһƣģҲƽȥģΪ¶ƵģŮˡ
ɱǡΣ
˲ûлشֻǾŷ˵·Ѿõķʽˡ
ͷ˵ʱ֪ôȥǸطӵŨص㹻ҵľһͻƣ
ɱȻǴ̿Ͱģһ


 ڶ ɱ
ˣ
ĬĬŷ겨¾һ·ɳ۵ɽĽ£ɱڣֻԼ䣬ȴƺһЩԤУ·ɽʲôµη
̫ˣüŬַӵͷԺСӵʶ﾿ʲô
ԭ¾ΪԼļʶѾ㲩ˣȻǱҲδ٣ǣԴӽ뷽ʶ֮ȴȻ֣һж˵İģѹûһϤĶδ֪̫Ŀ־塣
۳˵µľδ֪⻰ԭǲŵģǵģȴòˣĲᣬֻҵѾԶҡ־ˡ飬Ǵûз˶δ֪Ŀ־壬ʲôأ
ǹһ˿⣬¾Ȼһ̤ٴλһѪӰŸозλ׷ȥ
ͷ˵ҶԷ羳ǶԵôԼľʵ
⣡ûֱӻش𷽴磬˻ָָλą̃磬һеĴ𰸶ԼҸΨһĴ𰸡
ͷ΢һ£϶ʱ¶һ˿õЦݣͷˣ
Сӣڵˣ
ͬʱԶͻȻһɱϯأնȾˡ
¾ûֱ֮Ϊħ֮£κοѶܵ·ѣǸʱĨȥʶѶɾʹĶˡ
ͷжţ㲻ִôˣȻǸӣ·ûн̤նļһͷȥһ۵ȤǷ
ʹˣǽɡӷקƺ룬ڷԸ
ޣͷָʹҰɣҲɣûĶͷ翪ʼˣһҲǲֵļơ
ž
һõԴϣĿڵһֻ֮Ĺ»ҰҲ˼Ҷ֣ҿԽԽûϢˣոջҴ꣬жˣ
⻰˵ûȷ𻰣¾ˣ͸һɭȻɱѪȻͷʺȥʲôҲڱǰϣ
Ϲɱ֮һΪɱ¾ɱ¾һӹȻ۲ҲһֱΪְĵɽʼδ򡣿ǰϼһȻ֮Ϊ»Ұ̵¡
ž
˶ƺ赭дĻ˻̣ͬԽ˿ռʱôһҵ¾ϣ¾ʵҲȫû˿أһ̱㱻ڵأһĺӡȻǣһȴδ¾ʲô˺
ҪҵǣҪ˼ҺȾơ
ĿڣҲδ׷ֻƺһڣ·ʲô鶼ûֻһһ
ιͷҲ̫۸˰ɣġŵĴӵϱָͷ߶ͷ㣬ҰȥʰˣҪ㣬϶̲ˡ
ŵ˵һ̣ǰ¾ŵˣ̻һɲǣ·ضֱͣһָ޿ɷĴ˱صһ֣Ҳ޿ɿ⡣
һ̣¾һִ˵ˣ۷ʱڵԼҲδܹӵס赭дһ̡
ɱ
Ŀ֮¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ¾ȴǶʱ׷˶˵ķߺޣȫתƵ˷ϣʲô¾˵ΨһĿǷ磡ֻҪɱ磬ħȻһж֮ʱȻܹ뿪ɵĶȡ塣
һˣ¾ʱԥѪӶһɱֵһС
ɱ䣡
֮ǰõֻǰʽʣµĲǸɱܶѣ񣬷ȴۿ¾ʩչɱ䣬ǵƣ񣬷ҲҲΪ֮ݡ
һŭɱ죬¾ӣɺὣɱ֮οˣѪһ
Щ̧ͷ¾һۣͷ漴ڵе˼ˣСӣ㲻ǴҲ˽ô֤ʱˡ
ҲܵøҰѽɣЦŻͷͷһۣЩεĿڵ
ģĪΪһ㶼͸㻹ʲôƲ˷һۣͷûĺǳ
ĪΪ
򵥵һ仰¾˵ȴһĪ𺳣˵һԵľ裬Ȼľ磬Ҳһֻĸܣ¾Ҫ˵൱ĴڿˡǣȴԽ־ˡ˵ʲôˣôڷħ֮У˵ô
ԳֿʼһֱûȷʦУңӻǺۣҲһСֵİĪ붼ǲ֪ѵ˲Ƿʦ
ˣôʵ֮Уʲôݣںδ
һ̣¾ԼЩˣǵ˷磬߷֣һŭ֮ɱֻݵĻᶼˣĴڣˣǽǺεȿֲǿ߰
ϧ鷢չһҲѾû˿·ˣ
һᣬ¾ްԥѪϣ˻Ϊһɱ֮£нնɱļƣ

һ˲䣬ʱͷ˵Ľؾ磬׿Ľּ޿׽ľ磬ѾܹĽˣȻңҲ˵ܹﵽľ磬ͼѾݺˡ
ֲǣһ֮Уľ裬һ̺żµɱ¾ԴһһѾﵽһ£˾ļ޹
οûе۽Ҳûħ֮ѪıԴ֮޷ãһжֻԼ
سɴ磡
û˿ԥһ֮䣬֮УӲܿһķâ
ռ䷨򣿡¶һ˿м֮ɫ¾漴ɭȻڵһȻ˿ռ䱾ԴǿҲɱο㣡
ɱ¾֮򣬷գ
һȼ꣬ȡӿ³˸֣¾Ȼһ޷ѹȸУֲɱʵʣռ˵ռˣҪƶ嶼쳣ѵġ
ħ֮ڣںѹȣħ֮Чȫһеķѹȣȴһˣسɴɱѹ֮£Ҳȫ𲻵κˡ
Σ
һ̣ٴθܵΣУ
ɱһѪ·
¾λɱ񣬷ףһ仰⣬һ޿ӵѹƣ˾ļ¶
һΣѾǲòֱˣ


 ڶ 㣬ʲôˣ
¡¡
֮ȻӷÿһÿһƤÿһѪҺ֮ж̺Դ֮ڷ£ҲȻӰ죬ͬ¾ɱ¾Դһ㡣
ɫ֮˲Ϣڷ⣬γһܵķִܹ֮ڷ˵ҲѾﵽܿƵļ¡ǣˣҲȻǲ
Դĳ֣ܹɱ¾Դ¾ȼ껻ȡһ֮ȴϵ˵ǣɱ
һ̺֮¾ڽļ£˵۷֮ˡ
ֻ֮壬һ޷ȫӳֻһѾձ飬ѪȾˡ
СӣѪΪѵͲôɨһ۷ϻƵɫȻžƺһ

򵥵ĸ֣¾ѹȴԵģڷԴ˵ǵܹΪǱʵɾܹɱˡ
ǣҪΪ̸ף
Ͻǽһּ֮ģɲ˭һܰ쵽ģ򣬴Ҳȥʲôˡ
һ仰ѣܹ˲˴һǣͬҪʱȥǸ缸µʱϸУҲп⣬ﵽܹϵľ磬ȴǸģȻǷҲУ
ʵϣҲûдִټʲô֮£Ҳûκαһٽ֮ͷ˳
̨磬ļ磡
ܷڷ羳صĸȻģֻԼܵ˸֣ǣʣķѾܹǿһ˿֮ˡ⣬Ƿǿ
ڽ⣬÷ԴΪǽ֮ǿںȴͲȫ޿ˡ
¡¡
޴֮𣬻ڷߵʱΪһɫĳ֮⣬ݺ¾նµɱӭȥң˿¾ɱ
ҵײڿб¾Ƿ綼ͬʱֲײ֮бƷɣΧĵǱٻһƬǽ壬ΨһӰıֻȻʯ֮ϵˡ
Ȼǳ˵㣬ǺôҲһ˿ĽӰˣҲҡ¶һ˿֮ɫڵ
ⲻܣɫ԰׵Ŀŷ磬¾¶һֲֿľ֮ɫŵ˻һжѾԶԶԤƣ㲻ӦħôӲʵôôʵ֮и£
֮䣬һĽۣ¾ͷӦˣ
ĽʲôһУҲվ۷֮У⣬η֮ˣǿҲ֪ɱ˷ȥҲû˵Ľ˵ҪһжٵǸոһ˲䷽籬ʵȴԷһеɻˡ
ħô̾Ϣһ翴¾Ŀ֮УѾһ˿֮ɫˣ¾㵱Ϊħٱסô
Ѿ˼䣿ⲻܣûħ֮£ôɵѼ䣬ⲻܣ
˵ˣûʲôԲܵ顣΢΢ҡͷȴǸ¾ת˵ͷȥɽǸ֡
ᵽڳĬ΢˼Ƭ̣ŻͷҲãʵҲȷʸȥڶˡ
ֳ̣ʯ˲첻һźɽȥҲͬûȥ࿴¾һۣ·Ͳһ㡣
ӣָоҲ¾ƽӰϾȻ˸Ĵڡ
ٵģһжǼٵģ磬һжģ˼Σ㻹ӲȥԶħ֮аɣЪ˹ź¾Ѿ͸һ˿֮ɫ
ֻźȴû÷ĽŲͣƬ̣˵ˡ
˲ûжһ֣¾˵ô࣬Ҳ޶ݣȻһǰУŵ棬·Ѿûκܹˡ
ٴߵϤĵط̧ͷһĵ֣һ˲䣬ҲѾЩʧˣ·ʱ䣬ռ䣬һжѾ֮ʧֻΨһһ֣ġ

һɲǵغģڻ磬ɵأֲķʱգ֮䣬Ψеڹʼһ
Ҫ˵ͻȫУһеĴڡ
Ȼ濴ҲֻǾվ˵в֮ͬǱϵϢЩƮ·˶֮Ŀ
Ƿ絽Ƭ֮¾Ҳͬʵĸ˹ŵһվѾеĶˣȻͬʱȴҲòϣɻĸܣĥ
Ҳ벻ͨΪʲôᷢչĵز޷⣬Ϊʲôܹôħ֮Ѽ䣬ħٶѹƣӳǿһжѾ׵߸֪ŪҲԱۡ
ȻҲӲȥйأһħ٣ǽ뷽ϵһǲĨɱʶħٻôͬ޷뿪ԳֻɱѾˣôΨһָǷҳħ֮Ȼ֪ô£ǷδɹħȴǲʵһҲѾɢˡ
̣ͬվԭأʱһھƣȴʼûд¾˼·һп޵ĽɫȻһеǰᶼ¾ȥŷ磬Ļ¾ֻҪһͷͻᱻĴɱ
뷽磬˴ѹĿֲһȫ޿ɿѹȸУݺһЦ
һ¾ʶĽĿת򷽴һϣȻʶһۣȴ¾ĿҲ޷һ򵥵ĵƿֺˡ
һ˲䣬ǹӵһ֣·Ϊһأ˵ȫ˽ضµϢȫĥ͸Ȼÿһ˿һı仯ƺ򣬼ʥ׵ʵҲͬ޷ջ
Ƴһ¾ȴҲͬûȥֻĬĬĺȾơ
Ȼ뷽粻ͬ¾ûг׳УֻǴȥеȻҲѾǻˣϵ𺳼ֱ
ʱ仺ţճ䣬գ۱ʱһš
ٴ۾ʱѾһ˿˵ʣڴͬʱһӵĵҲ漴ģǿн¾Ӹ֮ק˳
㡭ʲôˣ


 ڶ ֣ɱ֮
зһ̾Ϣ粢ûлش¾⣬ĬĬתˣͷ˵һлһô
¶һ˿΢ЦֳڷĶͷһǣŻڵնԲܻܲȥ㣬Һ
Է΢΢һ漴һ˿ᶨ֮ɫȻǸôͷңһգһġ
һ£͸һ˿âңʣһɲǼ䣬ɫȻɫ䣬·һб仯ֻڷһ֮䡣
磬㾿ʲôˣһʳ⣬¾ѾһƬˣһδ뷽ħһжѾȫ֪ԭΪֻЩǱķ磬Ǳһصɴ͸Ҳĥ
üͷ΢΢һƺע⵽¾Ƭ̣ǹһ˿⣬ɱӦҲˣħѾýˡ
Ѽ俪ʼʵѾܹɶɹħˣ˵˼䣬Ҳѹƣħͬ˱ǣȴǲͬģ֮ıԵЩѹƶ˵Ǻ塣ʵ˵ˣħģҲǻþѣֻħɵĻþΪǿʵѡ
ǣ˵ˣеһҲ˵ļģԲܹԼĵزǣ׷ԴҲȻĶֻзһе壡ܹһ֮䣬ƿ硣
һ𣬷ʵѾӵ˲Ƴħٵֻǣȴʼ᲻ô
û᲻ãڷ˵˼ֲᣬħ١
ǣ޹ң˵ѣʵϣԴԽһһ˼ȴǸ޿ƵģϤĹ磬ǸС󣬽һͷЩԷſִ
һ·صɽҪټһˣԶɱ¾Ҳδ÷ıͷ
ֱصһ֮ǰ¸Ǻ嫵ĺϢǷݺƴĵϣȻѣԭһվҲǼٵġ㿴εʵҲǸļܶѣֻǴһеĵӰȻǾˮ°Ĵڡ
ԣ鸴ӵѯˣԼܲٻ
ֱ˻شһ仰ų÷羪ѣһľĥ£ħٳױ顣һ˳˵ģսʤʵǱˣֻԼѡ
ʵģ˸Ψһ𰸣ҲǷôֵıġ
ΪһЩӵʹɳһδεĴȴվܹʹԽľӨ͸ֱ汾Դ
ȻЩǲ¾͵ģң񷽴Ҫ˵ҲЩ
Ҫ˵ʲôŷ磬¾ʵ
ɱʲô֣ɣĻұҪħ٣ʱɱ֮壬Ȼ֮¾ڵǴһ˿뵭Įȴֱ͸¾
к֣ڣۿŷ磬¾ڵ
ȻһЦ漴ЦҵʵĲִˣȻˣ㵱ɱҲĳֶβǡ
˵֮䣬ȻƯ˿У˫Ȼɫһһ׵ɢһĨ֮˲ұӣǣķͬһһ㣬͸һִơ
ΪΪֻܻش
Ʈһɴ֮ȻǿҵĳȻ¾ʵҲȻɫ䡣
һһֻأ
˸ӿ³˲䣬֮ã·ض֮Ϊ˺ڰ׶ɫʱһдڣƿ֮Уһɲǣ¾ĸܣѾһ˿ʱηУ
ֻأֻ֮͸һ˿־֮ɫ¾͸һ˿֮ɫĶŷ磬ŪŪѪɫ֮У춯
ɱ㻹ĺֻ֣±㲻ˡǴһ˿ɫ絭ڵ
磬㾿Ҫŷ磬¾ڻǲòò֮壬ǱѳһֶѣȻǽ֮Ҳûκô
⻰Ҳ˵ģ̱ըֻǷѳһ꣬ƣɱʵҲδʵֲ̫˰ɣ
Ȼô¶һ˿˵ɫԵͷѳ𣬶ҲвСӰɣοҲδҪֻǽһֻضѡ
ֻأ˵赭дȻʵϣȴʵֲ̫ˡ
ȻǷֻģǱϾһͬԴһһֱֻأƱػһ곹ɱƿأѭһ뱾ϵҲֻ֮ͬСǺԶȽһ˸Ϊء
ҪʲôƬ̣ɱ¶һ˿ɬ̾Ϣһʵ
ܹߵһɱȻҲǽ֮λ֮⣬ĻôķϻֱӴֻˡ
ܼ򵥣Ҫɱɱ֮ɱƽڣ֮ȴᶨ֮⡣
֮ǰ¾չֳʵѾ쳣ֲˣǿµɱ֮磬ֻºѵͬ÷翴еĿ£ִɱ֮ڷ˵ġ
㣡һ˲䣬¾жʱ͸һŭ֮ɫЩһ仰Ѫ
ɱ֮˵ɣܹ㴫ڵģ˵ˣҪģɱ¾Դ
ȻⲢָɱ¾Դһӣһɱ¾ԴӣֻҪõڶʱڸɱ¾ԴˣķȻǶɹ٣Ҳֻ׶ѣԴ̤ʥ׻źܳһξ룬̤ʥ֮ǰܵԴǴı仯ǿֲ֮ġ
ʱɱǻһ꣬ҲԲӦģǣ񷽴ȴչ¶ֻּ֮ɵģп˼Դߣû˱ֻ֮ĿˡҪǣ籾ѡļ̳˰еĸϵɾ̫ˡ
Ѿʼ飬ò˶ħٱ᳹ױصʵ֮ˣĿ¾ٸǵʱ䣬ɭȻɱǲ˵ǵʱǲˡ
һ̵ķɱ¾ʣȫûּۻ۵˼һ֮䡣
Ҹ㣡ŷԽԽŨɱ⣬¾վЭˣϾһֻأֱӽҲ֮У֪òѹڵľ棬Ҳݲٷˡ򣬱㵱пˡ
ɱҲվɱ¾֮һ˾˿ûзڵ˼һѪת֮۳һ߳Ѫɱ¾Դ̺У˲


 ڶ ף
ɱ
̺ɱ¾Դɱ֮ɱ֮䣬Ҳ¾һ֣ڷı£ò۶͸磬¾Ѿ˾ϣɱݸʱҲ⻹һʹǿдڰһЩɱ¾Դ۳һɱͬҲҪܲ˺ģҪϵʱָܻ
һɱȻɳУôֻ΢ɱȻ˷֮У壬Ϊ˷һֵȻҪҪһʱĳӦǺѾڷˡ
ڴͬʱȴû˿ԥһָ¾ȥ
ƿ֮ħ֮УͲԳȣһָ֮ȴǽ֮ƣֲױȣȻ¾ʵҲһ޿ɿܵ
磬뷴ڣԭɱ¾Ϊµսˣȴ뷽ȴûõɱ˲䣬ֱɱ֡
ģҲֻأһ֮壬Ǳ˰ɣǴһ˿Ц絭ڵ
ǻµ˲䣬¾һ֮壬ȴһһ𳹵ױˣ
εͼᣬԷӣɵķŹǲЦ
ʵϣпܣͽֻ֮ˣʲôãڴ̿˵ǸЦѣ÷ûԭֻһͲᰡ
۹Ȼżǿ͸һ˿ֻ֮ǣʵϣȴǷܹȫƿص¾뽫ֻأ
ǿֻرԴûǷȴûнӴֻرԴŵ˵¾סʵһӶѣ֮Ƴþɱ˶ԣ˵Ҫ˴ֻأǾʵڳ̫ˡ
£Ҫƭ¾ҲԲǼ׵飬Ͼ¾Ҳʲô
ǣȴǲͬģ¾ħ֮󣬼һжʵ̫ˣټصˣ֮ǰһս籬ʵԼһĵ֣һѾ¾ģ÷ϲԾһصɴ£ôһӣȴǶʱͽ¾סˡ
ر飬ΧʱҲһƬңΧһжѾΨһģ̵ֻˣȻžƺǴһ˿Ц⣬Ƶᣬ·һҲ㲻ʲôһ㡣
ͷأ
ǰһжɢв¶һ˿ʪ⣬һ֮䣬ɢ֮䣬һжȻΪ̣
¡¡
һɲǼ䣬ʶȻع飬һжѾɢһĨĻɫͬ뷽֮УͬʱյĽҲڻɢ
ħ֮һҲǳ׽ˣ۾ʱһȻ֮Ȼӿ뷽ڣ˲Ϣ֮ͳ˵ؽ׵һƬոµء
ɹˣ
һɲǣڳжݺݲһ£ŵĽĿٴͶǸڿеɫӰ֮ϣһϮȴĸˣǰո̤׵꣬ȻѾԴԴĿֲڣĪ˵ͨˣǿ۷壬Ҳ˼ǰҲȻ
־ĳ𺳣ʵԽܣȴֲòܣ
ħ֪СӲµģ͸һ˿˷֮ɫСħһתٴ䵽˷ļϣʲôɱأ
ɱˣڴһ䣬漴תˣλ۽ɻ˭Ҫô
⻰һ˱Ķðһɺ⣬ʶıƳ˼·ῪЦûôɱ˼ˣ̤ףվ۷Ĵڣ˭ȥùͷ
ŵ˵ķ磬ûңӣҲû۱ӻҲ԰£Ϊ۷Ĵˡ
Ȼû˻Ҫ۽Īŷĳܷɣ͸һ˿⣬絭ʵܲδ֣һǵصѹȻΣˣﻹ˿ԥִ¼乧ϲĻһͷҲصɢˣȻԴ֮󣬷֣ȻڳĵףΪ˾ԲǵĴڡ
ħ֮һ񣬷ȻĳѩߣϤףſڣȴڻʲôû˵
֮ǰƱϵһԺԥɱֳ֣һ˼ѩӣһжˣٴѩȴҪһ£ֻǣȴֲ֪ӦνˣЦһ£վʲôû˵ڡ
ιЩҲڣûгȥİɣǴһ˿Ц⣬ŷ磬ѩȴͻȻðôһ仰ѷЩȫ˻ȥҲ˵ˣʣµģֻһĨܰ
粢ûлشֻѩ˻ѾòŽˣһ̣κλﶼǶģ
Ƕҵģ
ڷ˵ûʲô⼸ָΪˡ
ŷѩң̾ϢһվЦһ£ת԰ȥŮӣ֪Ĵڣ˭Ȱ֮룿
ܴϣʣңӸ𽣬ȴҲòϣŮѾ۷ҲϿѩݣܣ۳ѩƺһŮ
԰֮У
ĬĬǰۿ΢Щ죬ȴʼղδվû߳ȥ˼
ȻվڵжԵĽǶϣҲʵû߳ȥָŮκһ֣޷Էͷոյһжף˰⣬ڶڷ˽֮ϣ޷ǸŮȵġŮˣ
С㣡¶һ˿֮ɫСѾͷߵߣǰƱˣȥ£
ãĵ˵ͷŬ᲻£ǿ΢ЦٵһɡΪԼ
Զңߣȴڻû߹ȥôԶԶĿš
ãŻڵ֣ϲ㣬һõӣ
ǰҲû뵽ȻѾɳֵزˡ̾Ϣһң漴˵һԽԽõԤУ·дҽ
˵Ϲɱ򣿡һ£漴ʵ
ͶӰɱҲ˵ûʲôϵô˵ͷңӼ˵ңһָоɱûôʥסδﵽȴҲܸоһֱʵɱ䣬ô򵥵ġ
ʲôĬƬ̣ʵָһ仰ܿˣ£η壬ҲãȻ֪룬͸ȷᶨķ֮⡣
ңӲδشֻĿȴǲԾ˷ڵλá


 ڶ Ѫʯ죡
ȻʱأǷĸۡȴȻûκα仯һжɵĴţ粢ûʣҲҪʣЩɶǳԱֱʡȻʲô£ȴҲ÷粻òˡ
ѩݶҹգһƬ·һжѾҪˡ
磬м㡣ڷϣѩڵ
ʲô΢΢һ粻Ŀеˡ
аҵ֮ǰ˸ҽ㡣ӻóһѪɫʯͷѩ˵Ҳ֪ʲôˣӣҲûжʵĻᣬ˾ˡ
Ŷüͷ΢΢һܻδ֣һѪɫʯͷѾһּΪĴ·̺ʲôֲһ㣬Ϊ̤֮ǰҲˣ񷽴ȴѾ̤ף˱Դ֮£ֲĴǾʵЩľˡ
Ѫʯ渽֮ڷʶҪӹ˲䣬СħȴͻȻڷԭѾ֣Ȼڿһ٣һĨâ΢̧ͷѩһۣ֮Ĭ
ôˣ粢ûԼɫ붯ѩȻһ۾Ϳ쳣
΢ĬƬ̣ŻҡͷǣѪɫʯͷϣ֮
㻳ңɫȻһ䣬ѩŷʵ
һͬ㡣΢΢ҡͷ漴ڣȻ󣬵ȴϡ
Сħڵһ˲䣬粻ûлɹѩʵϣĵһӦˣϾһ˶ֻԥάɲǣ㱻簴ȥ
һ緽˵ав֮ʱܹȻĳ֣ѩѡһ־ϵθУܹоĵ
Ůˣ粢ţẦԼ㣬龰ƺĺǹ壬Ҳҡ
˵֮䣬СħȻӷڷ˳Ѫʯ˰죬Цһ䣬ϧȻǲȱ䣬ڱħǰ㷢Ļᣡ
ô£˵㡣üСħʵ
ʥǿֶοµ䣬ÿһõˣܵʴڷ걻ѪʯУһ֮Ȼ⻹ֻƽ͵ǱڣѪʯ䵽ǿӦһʴǿߣֱ֮ܵشֱӱ꣡䷳ĽЩһ飬Сħ漴ЦѪʯѾ˵꣬شһʥ״ڣȻʵ׼֣ĻᣬҲɡ
ɣ
һֹǷ磬ѩҲͬʱɫ䣬ðһ亹
üͷһ絥һ𣬽ѩеѪʯ䣬΢
ӣֺöôˣųСħһתצӽѪʯץ˺ħȴǲµģⶫԱħ˵ֻǵСѡ
ҲСħôֻѪʯ֮бһɿֲ֮аȵϢż׵ľȻ÷о˿˿⡣
ˣ
СħƳͬʱѪʯȴȻ͸һѪӰչ˷ǰҸý۽ˣǷأ
ѪӰȻһЦ漴˵ðɣⶼصЩǱ˵Ѿӵ̤ʸ۵Ĵ˿ûôĻþ취ֻеһС
Ѫʯ㣬Ϊҵƾ֤ûɣ㵱Ҫۿ⣬ûѡ㵱Ȼ֮ǰȵ취Ƴ˼Ĳо֣
ˣѪӰͬʱɢٲ˿ټͺʲôûзһ㡣
⣬СħҲ΢΢һЩȷʵҲδģȻǸЩĴڣȻҲ뵽Ƴ֮˲Ƿ磬СħϾħ֮˭Ԥϵģܹ뵽ʵ͵õСħͬ
죿ʲô΢һ£ʱҵص㣬ĿȻ䵽Сħϡ
֪Ϊʲôôʼտϵǿ߳ô˼һ£Сħڻǿڵֻǣȴֱӻش𣬶ôһ򵥵ķʡ
ᵽ粻΢΢һתȻʶЩȻǿߣҲĿ۷壬ûܹһֱƺֻңһп̤һ
ʵϣСħҲûָش˼ѾӦ˹͵
۵˽⣬վ̫ǳνϹɱ򣬲ִֻ˼Ĺ߶ݺأһ˸Ե֣ƾһ֮ӡ˼磬˼ϵ⵽ǿߵļ巴ɣս֮£һ޾֮УЩ֮ǰСħǸûиģֱ˿̲˵˳
ȻѾһ׼⻰ҲⷺһκǸһֱԼ˵۾Ȼֲ֮˹ôֱ˾
գһ֮ʧΪ⵽ǿΧ˼ķŲòңһսȻ۰ˣ˼ķȴȻֻҪһղӡͻһֱڣ˼ϵ
˵⣬Сħһ£ż˵ûϵ˼˸͸ӦԴĴڣȻ޷ͻңӣͶӰ֣Ϊƾռ䱾Դô
۾ҪʲôЦһ£粻ĿСħʵ
֪Сħҡͷ۵˼ûףǣԵ۽и㣬ĿܱΪӴ죬취޾֮д
һ㵹뷽Ĳ²мͬȻ֮ǰ粢֪۱޾գȴҲƲ۱Ȼʲô鷳ˣŲòԼΪӲ֡
ȻҲֻҵĲ²ѣ˵£СħȴǲûʲôģʵʵĽ͵۵˼ûܲµУֻ֪һȥ
˵ճǣƬ̣ųڵ
ػ֮ǣҵΨһҲȥıؾ֮ءصĵ˵ͷСħܿ϶Ŀڵ
粻ȥأüͷ΢ѩ̲סڵȻ죬ôУȻܹƾôԷʵ˼Ѿ԰ˣ˼䣬һе㲻Ͷô
Сħͣ̾Ϣһûõģߵһ᲻º֣Ѿݲˡ


 ڶ ڶطӡ
۶ԷҪʲô֮ûģ˼·ûǣȴδܹһֱá
ˣԷۣȻܹ֣ȻѾ˷棬ͲܸĻᣬĲ˵ֻҪյ۽䵽ʱľ۵ֶˣķ粻һմȾ۽ôأһƵĻصԤĹ켣֮ϡ
ôᡭһа취ģ¶һ˿ɫѩץŷ˵
İɣܽġȻһЦѩĶͷһ£΢΢ͷûж˵ʲôü֮ȴȻģҪԵǸݺ޵У˸ԵֵҲһ
취һСħ˵Ψһİ취ط֮ǣصǸԼûʵҲûʸȥĵط۾ʲôţھУҲȿƣ취ƾ֡
뱻֮䣬ԭǿ໥תģһʵҪģ˭Ŀǿˣ˶ѡ
磬˵⿪˵һطӡ̤ףұ㳹Ѿгŵˡһ£Сħ¶һ˿֮ɫұ㣬ħ֮ͲʲôͨȻǷŵ죬ҲκȵˣΪֲУЩɶ׼ô
⻰˵ķǳǳԣҲ׶ƥ
ڷ˵ڵʵҲ޷ȫԦħ֮֮ͬǰŵ۽¹һûǷʵǿȻԶ
ʲô˱۸ֲôȻһЦ漴ҡͷ̤һ·ҾѾףһ·֮ϣнˣ㵣ûУҲھͷʵһ㡣
۲ģǺεȼѵ飬˶ԣ̸ʲô棿
ϣǸܰΣûһǿ֮ģûʸȥ
Ѿˣһ仰ĽԼ̬ȱˣҪʲô͡
ǾͿʼɣħ֮У͸һ˿˷֮ɫСħڣһĨѪɫ漴֣צ֮صķ֣ڿйճһصħ
һ֮䣬ħ֮Ȼĳ˷ı󣬰ɫɢһʥĹԣ̲סҪ
ֽ⿪˵һطӡħ֮ȻһѪĸоٴνǺһת䣬ͽб仯ġ
֮ħ֮У統оһůʸУ·˶û˿ʣͺħ֮Ϊڵһ롣
ȻʵֻһִкܴһԭΪ֮ǰѾһʽҪǣСħϿɣ
Ϊħ֮꣬СħӰǾ޴֮ģŵ˵ûСħϿɣûܹǿĲ˵۲Ҳͬ޷Сħô
ȻкܴԭΪ޾֮УǣҲѾ֤Сħǿˡ
ڣ֮ģϷΪ֮벻
µСħĿͬʱһ޴ѪɫĴСħצлӳħ֮Уٳһεںϡ
գ֮䣬ȻоϢ֮ӿԺ֮У֮ǵõħ֮ϴٴԽľӨ͸
ֱ˿̣ĸܵħ֮ѾԼһ壬ͬǷѪһһų⣬û˿Ļɬ֮⡣
֮ǰֻͬҪ粻Ϊħ֮ṩ֧ţͿԼƵάħ̬֮ûνʱơ
ʵϣ˴˿̣ףǵһطӡ⿪֮ǰҲûʲôӵƣֻʱԼʵȻȫάħ֮תҲӲ˼ӶѡһϣСħȻ֮ǰƭԼȴҲ޿ɺǣʵϣǸʱԼҲȴû̫ȥ߶ħ֮
ȻǵõСħϿɣ¼ǽ⿪һطӡֻСħҲͬħ֮ƣԲԼȫƿصġ
֮⣬Сħᵽ¼٣Ҳͬˣ˵ˣʵǾħ֮ϸӵһЧһһ߷ֱӽٶ˲䴩Խռĳ̶ȣﵽ˼ܹۼٶȡ
Ȼ߷ٶȣҪĴͬΪأܹĸоʵҲֻܴ߶ļٶȲӣң֮󣬴սɥʧֻܵ䲻ĵʹá
֮⣬Ҳͬܵħ֮ϸĹЧڿħ֮£˫֮ϸնɱЧԱκĹ仰˵ֻҪ߶ħ֮ӿлǿߴֻ˫ԽԷնɱˡ
⻹ֻЧܹоĵбȻ仯ֻΪܵһطӡ֮Ӱ죬޷ͷų仰˵谭ħ֮ӵģӦþСħʱĺطӡˡ
ڷ˵ˣҲѾ൱ˣΪһ̿ͣ籾ñһеܹĽÿһÿһܹõʶӵ¡ֻҪ׼벼ãܹӳԶȳܹĸֲĶࡣ
Сħ⿪ڶطӡҪʲôƬ̣ſʵ
Ȼĸоⲻħ֮žԿֲãңСħҲżĺôֻҪпܣȻĻᡣ
ܼ򵥣Դ֮΢΢ףСħû˿Ć£ֹһֱԴռбԴԼӵбԴǿߵıԴУǣΨһҪǣбԴģϤľ˵ǱǱԴɣָոıԴ
бԴ΢΢һͣƬżʵ˵бԴԴɣ
ûбԴָľˮ֣ɱ¾ЩıԴ֮бԴ֮УȻҪЩıԴڵбԴ֮ϣЩȴվ޷ȡбԴЧ˵ͷСħצӴһָĽ͵
ô˵ȻһֱԴ֮ûУЦһ£Щͷʹ˵
ûңԴʵҲԶûдﵽɵĵزֻǳžѣŷһȦСħż˵˼磬ûʲôռбԴģ⿪ڶطӡֻܵȥȻʵЩԴɵǿߣֻҲ׶༪٣
ЩͷʹԴеļѣ˵⿪ڶطӡѶȼѾ˷ָĵزȻԶǵһطӡܹˣԴƣҪ⿪طӡǴֱۣ붼û밡


 ڶ ֮䣡
粢ûٶʲôֻǾôѩ֮аԶһеķ
ʱˮ֪䣬Ȼ¹ȥ
ķ磬ѾǵǸ֮ˣһս֮ѾԿֲٶȴ򣬳Ϊ֮۷ǿߣۻʲô˼ķҲѾΪһңɼĴڣͽ𣡱ˣλɲǾʮƽģһ·ɱ¾̤ǿߵʬѪλġŵ˵һʮʮɷǣˣֻҪ鷳ѾոˣﻹԼȥ
ڱǡðɣ˵ȷǼ˵֮ż񣬵ǿҲǣգڷʱĹ壬ҲûΪѷ磬򷽴δ⣬δؼǵãǣȴ
ΨһڴŷģҲֻʣңһˣңȻʶȤѵõʱġ
ϸϸԷʵ̤뱱һ찲ӣ
òվ۷壬ȴȻɽѹţԷɣȥţ
ֱһƾ춯صݱ̶ϯ֮ƣң̤˷ĸۡ
֮أһҹ֮䣬Ĩƽʮռ¾ݼѾһƬ򡣡ɫصĿŷ磬ң̾ϢһֵѾ뿪ˣֻݸһѪɫɱ֣ȫݰյѪдɡ
üͷ΢΢𣬷ĬƬ̣Żڵɱ
ɱɽ֮ʱѾɱôҲֲ²⣬Ȼ˵ֵʱңӻ̲סһ
ɱģֻǴӱ֮зѶһ꣬壡ҡҡͷ˵һ걻ɱͬҲܴû´Ļɱ¾ӦΪƱƶµģҲǶնɱһĻӦ
˵Ϊ˱㣿üͷңӻʵ
²ֹô򵥡̾Ϣһҡͷ
ݣطѡ񣬱ʹⰡշ̤֮·֮ǣ񣬻֮أ˵ûʲôϵ˭ţٷǲŵġ
ֻ÷벻׵ǣɱ֮䣬˵֮䵽׷ʲôһʲôĹϵ
˵ɱǰ۵˼֣ô֮ǰɱͼԼ͸˵ͨˣȻۺҪӣôʵֱüֵ֮ǰ۾ԲӦԼֲǣ˵ûûԼ
ǣ˵ɱ۷Ŀգ
Сħ˵ѾֻʣһܹжȴҲȻܹ죬ǿȻ޲ߣֶΣҪɱֻҲ㲻ʲô°ɣ
ϧЩ⣬ȴվ˼һ¾ܵó𰸵ġ
в豭üͷ΢ڵ޷ˣȻұһбǡ
˵֮䣬ӿһɷü֮Ǵżֲм֮ɫҪԵǷ磬ҲȻûа⣬ǷĹеİңҲòΪ֮̾Ϲɱ֮һڵǸʱҲǾԿֲĴڣκ˾岻ʵϣң֮ϣҲʤ
ȻңȻ֪̬ȣڷԣһ籾һ̿ͣȨ󣬸κڵвһ֮䣬ɻɱκˣл֮ȥجΡ
һȥƬ̣ңվǿڵȻ֪ɱž޴Ĳ࣬ңȴͬη壬лܿһĨɭȻɱ
ɣüͷ΢ȻھܾʦĪ˱ɱȻܹһΣδر㲻ֵܳڶΣҸ֮ʱڱ򣬻˭ֵܵѵļͿ̿
⻰ȴǶʱңסˣȴòΪǣȻ˵ֱ˵黳ȴȻڱģñͬһɱʬҰζܲ˵ġ
Ӧᾡú𽰲ȫ֮޿ɻرܣҲֻܰʦչ˺ˡһѩ˵ѩҲʦһչˡ
˵⣬粻ңһݣɫڵ
аһ㣬ѩв飬ѾһУԷȴǺеڶηˣֻǣȴǸܽѩߵģ
̿ͣͲӦǣңдǣұѾǴˣʱʱѩߣǾԼˡ
ȻУҲмסңӵ˼Ͼ֮УΣʵǲԸңԼһΣ֮еġһζֹ²ʲôЧıķʽȴΪЧġ
СӣЦһ£ңȻҲ˲˷˼ϧѾ˵زҲʵҲκξܾˡ
ʱƬ̣ңٴʵ
ڣȻһЦ͸һ˿Ц⣬ݿڵ
һ仰һȻңҲΪ֮һԭ׼Ļȴ˲ͱ˻ȥҲû˵ˡ
ȻɱѾķʽսˣֺαҪսǾսɣ͸һĨӢǴһ˿мЦ
ǺεȵĹһ˾˿ԥﻹ糣˰ĥĥ䣿οǰСħᵽʱ򣬷Ѿµ˻仯Ѿ׼
ɱݸһˣľٶҲ÷дʢȻʵں˵ֳɱΪҲ÷쳣ġ
·ƽһŭν
֮磬ƺҲȱȻڷ˵ûôߣֻǵɱѣ
ֵۣҲѾ㹻ˣ
̿£ûʲôǷǶԴһ֮䣬ҪɱҪȣ̫࿼ǡ
Ŀתѩ΢һ˿Ǹ⣬Ҫ˵Щʲôȴڣ㱻ѩֶס졣
ʲô˵׵ģдŨŨ⣬ѩְ﷽·ȻǸŮȴҲδ֪Ϊ˱֣¾ʮ޹գˣɱο㲻ȥҲٳֶαֵģˣһа˼ȥɣҲ㣬ֻǣҪףһһֻһڣұڣԵȥ
ûаֵıԹҲû˿ܣȻһ˵ȴͬһůô˷У΢΢һЦ˫쿪Ὣѩ뻳УһԣֻǾĵͷȥ


 ڶһʮ Ѫ꣡
Էʵݣ贫û˿ѣңҲҪˣķ粢δ֪٣ķʽɱˡ
ȴҲ޷ֱȥˣݸĴѾ𻵣޷ɴˡ
΢˼һ£ɴֱӴǡ
̤Ѿվ˵ȴȺԳݣδ⣬׵ǿ߱нʮ˵Ⱥ⡣
֣
һ֣ȿڼȻͬΪǿߣ뷽ĵλȵģҰѷ統ѰԴˣаħ𲻹ǿô˫˫λϣο˵˼ҿԴˣֻҪһʱĻۣͻ׵
λˣĳˣͷλ֮Ҷæɫģ˵
񷽴УЩѾ㲻ʲôˣȴҲľͰڳһֻ̬ɫ֮δ⻹Щģ˸оһֵľС
ȻҲǷҪӪЧ
ʵﵽһľ磬ǿҪԷƽȽ̸ǾǸԼҲˣݣЩ˶ҪһӦȥǷҲʲôˡ
ˣһΣֱΪ֮¶лֲǡ
˰֣Ҳûи˵Щ׻˼ݵ飬ţȻˣͷλϸ˵˵ڵɡ
ݸѾΪһƬأ˸СЦһ£һſ˵ǰտʼݸ¿Ѫ̺꣬иʴ֮ȻǵؽǿߣҲ޷ֿʴʵ᲻Ծ䱻Ǵʱ̫˼Ϊˡ
˵µû˴ˣ֮ҲȻĴ˼֮⡣
Ŷüͷ΢Щٴ׷ʵ׵ʵ룬Ӱ죿
Ӱ쵹ûУϾײͬؽףʴ֮޷˺ҵȵֻǣһ̤Ѫ֮УỺģҼ޷֮в䡣ǵдսսɻᱻЦҡͷ˼˵Ҫǣû˸ҿ϶ɱǲѾȥˣҵǿߣҲ̤ݸ֮С
˵ͷ絹ҲûмЦЩ˼޷ĳ˴αΪ͸λˣˡ
ֳէҵԾ֮ǣ
ҲΪ֮ͷʹδǰȴҲԸҵȣ뷽ʹһУԵӭӹӡ
ˣ˵ϣô룬һֻ¶߶ˣֻǣһ׶ڷ˵ȴȫûκ塣
ԶΪڷ˵ЩνĿ׶ûκ壬ֻ˷ʱѣһݣҲͲΪЩ˻ùϵģüͷһһھֱӾܾˡ
ˣΣݲٵˣǰݣλͣˣԵ߶Ÿλ
˻ش𣬻µ˲䣬Ȼһ֮֮Уֱʧ˵ߵС
̤֮سɴܹƵķΧ֮ǣԷʵһ֮֮ҲѰ֮ˡ
ȻЩ˵һ־ѾǳˣϢأֶΣĪ˿ռ䱾Դɣ˵ңӵĵӣȻԷ鰡
̬뷽ʽҲʹӲ˵˷еĵλʵϾһֻЩĸǿǣѾǶ˿ǣڷϣȴһ˿Թǿʵλˡ
ͬһԷ˲Ÿոն˵£ҪˣȻܵ˵ָ𣬿ǣߵ쵼Ǿһˣ˾ٵʲôʵġ
ǿߣӦȨ
ˣ̤ݵϢҲʹ˴˳ȥֱܿӴݡ
۽绻һ°ɫĳ΢ıһЩϢôһ·ݶȥҲۡ
ǵݸľ벢Ƕķ˵Ҳյ·̶ѣ⻹ڲ·£һħ֮ٶȾ;˷ָˡ
һ·޻֮󣬷̤ݵĵؽ磬ǸոոеԵȻ˿ɵѪ꣬գ綼Ⱦһ㵭Ѫɫ
ͣ½Ųֽ˼Ѫ֣Ƿݵʴ֮üͷԾ΢΢
Ҫ˵ʵԵвʵ󣬵ǣȴƫƫ˷һ쳣ɵĸо·ѪǱϿôһ㡣
һԴ֮ȻͷŶһɫ˲Ϣ֮ͽеѪξֻĽȴû÷еһ˿ķɣƽ˼ּɵ֮⡣
ԴѪ굱̺һ˿Դ֮³һڵ
ЩǿȻʵҲ㲻ҲԶԶûдﵽܹӴԴĵزȻ˿ܲе쳣аǵѾԴ֮ǿߣҲϸ΢ı仯ֻ˱Դˣƾ豾ԴĸоеΣա
̫ˣѾжϳʲôԴˣͬʱСħҲͬӷļ˳磬ҪһЩ鷳ˣû´ĻѾ˼ˡ
⣬жʱһü֮Ҳ˼֮ɫ漴Цǰ޼׼ȴҲ̫СɱˣҵǺܺ棬Ѿʵкƾ裬ٴ֡
ħ֮ʱ飬Сħǲ֪ģǣɱȴԾһЩ˵Էû˿ɵǾǺ˵ǼˣɱȻҳ֣Ǿʵ粻òСˡ
СһЩˣȻʤħ֮ȫˣ΢˼һ£Сħ漴˵Ȼ֪ɱʲô֣Ƕħ֮ȴͬżǿԷڵʵѾԴ߶һЩħ֮ˣСħҲͬʮ㡣
ȻһЦ漴ͷʲô֣һ·ȥˣܸף
СһЩҪЩѪմϣһЩӵкǿǱԣǲעմȾϣһͬСӣطļϣСħٴѵ
ȻʵϣҲͲҪСħˣΪ̿ͣľԱǿĿ£вԼ
˵֮䣬һɫĵ⣬Ѫǰȫûаܹմϡ
ȻѾܵѪ̺֮ŵıԴϢȻǵΪѪ굱Щ˵вǿߣѪҲմϡ


 ڶһʮһ ѪѪħɣ
ݸΧǧﻯΪһƬ򣬾ϢҲѾ֪ˣȴҲվ޷Ŀȣ
һ߾ߴžֻã˵ڵϵʬ壬ȻԷԣҲһ˿֮ģΪˣҲǵһμô̵ɱǼᶨֻ¶Ҫˣ
ԭҲǺεʵһĨɱľٶһɱ¾СħҲüͷľٶ൱мȻСħ˵Ҳͽ˶ˣָʲô˵黳ҲǳҪ֪ǲһ㣬ػһҪСħһڻı½֮С
ϤĳɣֻȴѾٿһˣ
һݸĳ֮У֮ȻŨŨѪζƺŭ˱
ѾȫɢȴȻ޷ҵһеĸԴҲܲɱϢκ쳣ڵϢ·ʲôûʣ£ֻһƬŵĿճǡ
ŲϤĶĹݣӺģݸƣȴѾ˷ˡ
̾ϢһҲЩįڵʵϣǸɮĴҲżֺøУһԵʻȴջֽ֮
̧ͷգϡƺܹ֮ǵӰӣҲ֮ƽ
һд𰸵ڣڴ̿˵ʱҪĽһΪһĿģٶҲڣ
һ˿⣬һȻ̤£ȻУͬһı֮Ƿȥ
ݸѾ̤ˣȴȻûҵκôɴ಻ˣֱӵŶԷ
۶Է׼ʲôԼֻ¶һ֮Ѳ˸ϵȻˣǸɴ࣬ԼͲȥˣֱ֮Ƕȥ˭̲ס
¡¡
ǷԾеͬʱЩԭƽµѪҲ·ܵʲôǣһ㣬ʱ˲ʹ˷ԴķΧγһɫĻ
СģѪƺˣӷڷɳСħ͸һĨѪ֮ɫѵ
ҿ͸һĨɭȻɱ⣬ȴȻȫû˿˱ܵ˼֮䣬۽ֻΪһֲĽâݺյѪնȥǿĽӲһƬ
䣿Ѿ̶ֳȣһ÷˲ʲô䣬һ俪ˣ
Եһ̣ŵǽ۽ױȰԵ֮չ˳۽δʣҲȻԺЩѪˡ
˻𣡡
գ֮ǰյѪȻۣڿγһѪɫףһŭ˻ֲ֮֮϶ºХҪ˶ȥ
ħ֮
û˿ԥһգۼ䣬ʥħ֮ĳ˷ıĻӶ˼£׽ǿֲ֮⣬÷ڿվ
ϣڿô͸һĨɭȻɱ⣬Ȼ͸һŨصɱ¾Ϣ֮۽һκݺն䣬Ľ𣬽ħ֮ٶȴ߶£һһȻݺն䵽Ѫ֮ϡ
䣡
û˿ҵĳ֮£ʶʱ飬ɫĽâȻأݿ࣬˲Ϣ֮㽫ѪɫĹն飡
۽ʣ㽫ױȵİչ˳ǹһ֮£ԻΪۣ
ȻķҲûһдڵֶΣȴҲѾܹܵ۽ľˣһƾ춯أȻңӿҲӲݿһ
໣
ڿܻѪɫն飬Ǵڳ˲СĿзһʹŭ֮һаȻ֮ΧѪ籩к£еıԴ֮Ҳȫ˳
Ѫ֮ԴѪͬʱСħһƶԷѪħ
Ȼ֪νѪʲô˼Σ֮£γɵսȴ˼ά죬գ֮䣬ԴȻͷŶɫڱγһƬ籩Ļںġ
ͬһʱ䣬ҲͬܵѪɫĿֲգ֮䣬ΧؾѾѪɫŨصѪɫ÷оͬһƬ֮һ㣬ǼʱͷԴֻ˶ҪµѪɫѹ˲ɡ
СˣѪؼΪһѪҺܹͬѪҺûбԴ֣һ֮䣬ڵѪҺͻᾡͬ˲佫˺飬궼ѡЩ٣Сħѵϣϣе鶼ҪܵѪӰ죬ⱾԴϢϿѪ֮ԴѾСڵԴкܴĿãһ£Ĩɱˣ
Ȼһݣʵܵ˶ԷĿֲǱܹһ٣Ҳһ󷢺Ҳʵ̫˰ɣ
ã֮ǰûմȾѪ꣡ȻԴҲδܾȵ㣡ҡҡͷСħЩյ˵뵽ģѪ̺֮ŨصаϢȻܵѪӰ찡
ô죿üͷһ漴ʵѪҪôԸ
ѣЦһ£Сħ漴ҡͷ㱾ʵ̫ȻԴѪһĿãҲѷӳ̫û´ĻԷıӦѪħĴ֮һ
Сħ֪Լֶεģ˵ѣѶȼֱѾ޷ˣȻǷ磬ҲЩͷʹˡ
߰ɣƾħ֮ԴȻκβȴҲ㣡ҡҡͷСħſ˵οı嶼ҲôȥҲɱ
һ£Сħ˵ȻҲǿͻƣƾħ֮ļ٣Ҫȥ֮ǣס㣡
ط֮ǣȻһĿģȻѾѪħôȴʵЩĵġ
ôҵı壿ԥһ£绹ǲĵʵ
ܣЦһ£Сħ˵ѪħѲĵطֻΧ㹻Ѫͼ޷ҵı壬벻ϵЩѪһ˿λãңѪħѪ֮Դĸһ㣬Ҫɱͱ뽫ΧÿһѪҺ׻𣬷ֻʣһ㣬ܹ
һ£СħҡͷѪħӦûûǸ£뿪ϯˣƾ˼ûֹ
⣬΢һΧÿһѪҺʲôЦǸոձɱʮİգ˵ѪɺҲ˿ţοɢڽǧķΧ֮ڣȫ޽ô
һȣͻȻʲôȻһٴ׷ʵչǲǾпܴﵽ־ˣ


 ڶһʮ 裬죡
뽫ΧÿһѪҺ׻
⻰ϸϸȥֱһجΰĿǰֶ֪εУ⼸Ѿǲ֮ˡСħ˵ڵѪħûﵽǵȾ磬Ƕڷ˵ɾһľףһɱѪħأСħĻǵȾѪħѾԺɨ˼˰
һ仰Сħ˷˼ԥһ£ȴҲվû磬ֻһʱ⣬ϣֻҪ㹻ɣ㹻ѪѪħѾϽֱΪ壬Żֹͣ
壿΢΢һʶظһ¡
ѪħΪ壬ɳ壬Լֽ׶Σ룬Сħż͵ô˵ѣѪħҲ൱׵ʵΪѪ֮Դԣ۷ǰͨҲʤ㣡ɳ壬Ѿ൱ڰ벽ʥˣȻѰʥҲκε壬൱ʥ۷壬ȻҲǼΪѲһ
⣬粻һ͸һĨε֮ɫѪħļɵʢ˼֡
һﴦʲô״̬
̧ͷ˿շѪɫСħƬ̣ŻصĻӦǸոͻƵɳ壬֮صӦñ̤ɳļƷ
͸һĨâ漴˵ڻɱԺѻɱˣ
ͬףеĲҲԶôýֺͷҲӦܹ֪ͬǳɳ壬Ҳֲܹ֮ͬѪħٳʱȥ
δڼΪһ飬ȻˣǱȻ޷Թۡ
ڵʵı嶼ҲôɱôӵദСħȻܹ׷˼һ仰Ͷ˻ȥ˿أʱ˿ҵ취ǿƴǳ׶Ͼ˳Ŀܡ
⻰ûڵķ磬Ҳ˼˵ܹѪħĻҲԼңˣңԶڱ򣬵ȵ֪ʱֻѾ޲ˡô仰˵ԼѪħ㼸ˡ
ת֮䣬ȻӦ˹ѪħԵ޹ʳֵģô¾ɱ˵׼µĿ飬ԼΨһƾֵѡԼҲʧˡ۵ӣ޷ֿµĺˡ

ڷԥ˲䣬֮ȴȻһĽ֮ᣬȴƫƫ·Ƭأڣ
һ⺮ʮݣ
һɲǼ䣬ֹģôһʫ
Ľ⣬Ѥ۾һɲǵĹ⻪κλ𺳣û˿ڣǵնһ磬᳹أһɨֱӽѪɫһɨգ֮Уγһնմ
֮ǰںĵѪɫҲһ߽⣡㷽ڼڽϵ費ҲΪ֮𺳣һ̾ͷ
һڷ֪һǽģȫκѰΨһӦԷʽӲң˾
裬죡
ֱһ£ڿ˶ԷӰЩ𺳵ǣԷȻԼ£ʮʮһʮͷ꣬һϮֳֽһ̤죬Ȼ׿Խһ㲻һҪݷĸо
ΪֹˣʣУҲֻǷǺӰĺܹѹ֮һͷˡ
һѪħȻѾͻƵ˳ɳ壡һȻѪħ˲СĴˣȴվδһɱңһ֮ѪħϢҲԵøΪƮˣеѪɣȻδ˼ǡ
ܣôܳ˼磿ѪڿۣԼγһѪɫӰŭ
ƳѪħһۣ֮гĮ㲻Ҳ˼磿
ߣȻ˼Σ㲻ҲֻһСѣһ㻹ܷΣЦŶ꣬ѪħɭȻ˵ȻˣǾͱˣľѪܳ׹̵ɳˣʱ˼绹ݺ᣿
Ѫħ˵ͬʱٴһˣ
˼ˡô֮ˡ죡
쾹Ȼ̤˼磿ԵϢǱ֪ǵһȻ󲨲ɡ
һո̤ɳѪħȻҲ˸˵͸һ˿֮ɫн㶯һ֮㽫ѪħٿеӰնֻǣӰȻֻѪħ۶ģδ壬ͬʱԶΡ
Ϊ˭ѵЩϼһôۿ꣬Ѫħķͬ顣
αض໰սѣĮҡͷȴԲ֮һٴնĽգսڣ
ˣħ֮һ񣬷ϰɫԴͬѪħӰȥԴȫͷţֲľЧֲ֮ͬ
ף
ֱ˿̣·Ÿոע⵽ĴڣһԴ벻˼羹ȻС˼ˡ
ݺ֮ɱⲣΣ΢΢һЦݿڵ
ã΢΢ףһϣ굹Ǹɴ䣬ԴѪħпãϧڱԴʵ̫ЩɱҪ׵Ķࡣ
ȴҲȻһЦ֮䣬׺Ȼ£ѪħγɵӰ֮ϣת֮䣬㽫֮飬۶Ѫħ˺ȴҲ֮¡ȻǱ֮һǱرˡ
ʲţһ˻κβѪħôһǿԮȻٷᣬҪѪħնɱ
ſϸ򣬳ɳڣѪħڱϢĿƻкֻܴҪǿȹпҵı壡΢΢ͷֱӿѵ
ã⣬жʱ󶨣ֺ飬ԴͬҪǮһ֮һѪ꾡
һˣѪħֶοѹƣһ֣Ѫħʱһæҵĸоת۾ͳ˲СĿ
Сӣ֪˭ô㾹Ȼ֣꣬ѪħȴͻȻ
ѪħĻĳֶʱԾķŻ˼֣ȴȻûпڵ˼
ۼɶѪħڵ㿴ϵĽʲô
⻰һ仰ʱĿⲻԾ䵽˷еĽϣŷֻǶԴûз۽ź˹ȥôϸһжʱһݣһ۱˵˵۽֮ϣ
齣ӿ³֣жʱ㱬һĨɱѪħ֮ϣһֳɱ⣬Σݣ
ҵ˼ʲô˲ţԭ۵Ĵ˺ãõĺܣ֮г˱֮⣬ɭȻڵ


 ڶһʮ ݷ磡
ʵϣѪħһ֮ʱԼоЩˣݷ⻰һ͸ȷ롣
Էʱ֣ƱزǳɺϣôΨһĽ;ǣԷܸǳԼģ
۱ǿΧ޾գֻʣһ⣬ǽĴˣ۹Ȼ취֣ǿߵȻܹ۱ƵȵزƱҲܺ׼
һԼӣȻĳΪ˫ص㣡
ǿ˵ҪԼΨһҪľ취ٵöӣۻʲôҲ֮򵥣ֱӵķʽǴЩǿߵλϣľҲġ
Щ˵ʵҲ˲Ϣ֮飬תľ档
۴Σ֮ǽѪħȻɴĶ꣬ڣͼı̬ȡ
¶һ˿֮ɫŻڵһɳڵѪħʲô۴޾֮ǲǻѣ˵Ҹѡ񣿡
ȻһȴҲЦô˵û̸ˣ
ǧһۣ޸ԵߣֻʣһȻܹѹ죬ûа취Ǵع飬ǱȻѪȾأ˵ǻ˿ţκпܵĻᶼɱҡ֮УյվЩ˵ĽǶȣΪƺҲ޿ɺǣ
׵ضĿܻϣпᣡ
һеǰǣ˲ǷԼ⣬ھУȴǾԲʵʵöԷɱԼİ
˵̸Է˵ʲôԼۣƾֶֶĻô
Զ˲˵СħҲһֱΪԴѰ·ô
ҴĿģɱ㣡΢΢ͷû˿˼ӣݿڣ·Ȿһ쾭һ㡣
Ȼˣ͵ȷָʤˡǴһ˿ЦݣȻ֮ǰȴӦһ¡
˵ŷ磬Ҳûܾ̾
۴ˣȴҲϾ˼һӣʵ޷ѪħŰ˼䣬Ұܣɱⲣüͷ΢绺ڵһϡ
ã΢ԥһ£漴Ȼڵɱ֮Ȼƴŵһ磬Ҳص߾ȫѪħնɱ
һ˵ͬնûаԥǾȻ֮ɫ
ʹ죡ȻˣǱսɣûжһֵĆ£漴ȻЦһ̤ɫȻꡣ
ǽзɣסҵ֣ݷ磡ӿ³仰Ҳ̧֣ͬһѤĽâӭɫն䡣
뷽ŲֱͬݷĹеĸܵǷݿֲĽ⣬Լνǵ㽣ڶԷǰ·ͲֻһЦһ㣬ûа壡
ͷһΣ÷ʵĸо˼£Ȼֱ뱾Դ֮⣬֮ǰֱ޷ģȻǿɱʵҲƾɱ¾Դ֮Ȼǰ꣬Ȼȫƾ贿ĽⱾԴֶ֮ΣֱƹĪ⣬˵ǷˣȻңڳҲôһɡ
ݷĽ⣬÷ٴͷ˵Ľ
ȻݷʩչֶҲûͷеĽô죬ԼƺҲѾһӰӣҲֻܽͣΪʲôԷܽƾ轣ܿⱾԴ֮ˡ
ûмĽģǴȶܹƾͷ˵Ļж
Ľâ޼᲻ݣԴҲ˿ûаͣһ͸ԴǷ米ħ֮һѾ˵ˡ
ÿٶȣһ䣬ݷȴȻûзֺͣת֮䣬һâת£ӲƵ÷ٴ˳ϰס
ĽҲҪҵֶοҲʼ磬͸һ˿â漴ЦԿ
µ˲䣬絥ֽ᲻ӡȻ͸һĽ⣡
٣
ӡ
ݷ޴ѹ֮£ٴζ˾ӡԭԾʹаЧԴƣԷԴ֮󣬱㷢֣ԾӡԴżѵЧ
һʩչʱԴƸʢһֳڣ췭ظı仯
գ֮䣬ȻӿΪһƬɫ磬ݷûڣڴͬʱӡ͸ĽҲ֮Уƽ˼ơȻݷֻܣҲ¶˼֮ɫ
һ֣Ǻ˿֣ӡһ
٣ߣԣ󣡡Уڣǰ
ӡһǳɣϵϢֱ͸꣬һĨ֮ݷҲܵһ˿Ӱ죬ֻһ޽ݷ־ҲѾ᲻ơ˲ָ˹ǿĽâ壬ӲЩ׵ĺ
ԭڿֵѪħ䣬ӡԴ֮£Ҳͬٴ⵽ػ뷽Ѫ꼸һɨգ
ƺһѪħٴ˿һЩݷڵλö˳ۿǼƴɱ
Ѫħ˵ûʲôˣǷݷ˵мĺô˶ǳˣһѪʮĴ󲹣ֻҪֳʤһ˵ľѪѪħܴǣǸʱٻɱһǿ֮ĩļһʵ̫ˡ
ڷݷνԼȴǰ㶼ûзϵģЦȫʢ״̬¶δܹκεοǴս֮ǿ֮ĩˣʱ򣬼ȼ꣬Ҳ첻ʲôвνնɱĻֱһЦ
¡¡
׷ĺ֮£ܾ׻ɱκǿߣȻ䵽ݷϣȴ·ȻûκЧɴı
е˼ˣƾողһԴ˵ңȴҲδЩ̫Ϸˣ磬ȻҪսó汾ɣҿĵ۽ܷӳЦ̽ݷݿڵ
˵ɵĻǵ۽ڲõ۽£вʵڲ
ȻҲͬǳڣԷҲֻͬ̽ԵĹδչʵĹȻ£ȴҲԶûдﵽ÷ηĵز
ΨһʼǿһǷɵ
һ̽ԵĹ£˶ڶԷʵҲѾһŵ˽⣬Ȼףģͷֲʤˣ
һ˲䣬۽Ȼյ˷Уת͸һ˿ص⾳
ݷеĳҲͬŽâƲĽ·ѹֵޣʱܱɱˣ
֮սһ


 ڶһʮ ۽߾նVS̤Ž
۽ֻ̺֮رԴֻ֮ǣ֪ΪʲôڷУֻرԴͬʧһ񣬷Ҳ޷ио˿ֻرԴϢףʲôֻ֮
ԼһָоʲôʱԼֻܹ֮ʱ򣬱ܹĽ۽ӳˣʵҲһ޴ɱ䣬ֱֻƺҲȻֻһõĻѣ÷֪ӦôӺδ֡
˵Ψһܵôǵ۽߾նˣ
񣬷Ҳͬ￴޷ķֻݷƵȵزȴҲѾû·ˣ
Ƿ籾Ľ⣬ǵõɱ¾Դ֮ɱݷĽǰ˵лƾ۽ԷĻôΨһĻᣬɾ۽߾նˡ
Ӱֹ⣬ת͸һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ۽΢һ֮䣬صȻ
۽߾նһնʶ
һ仰ڣ潣ߣħ֮֮ȻݷǰһȻն˵һ
͸һĨâݷĺë·һը
۽߾ն۱֮ݺ£֪նɱ˶۷ǿߣΪһɵʣҲ۳ʱʽŵ˵۵ĵ̶ܴϣſֲĵ۽߾նģɾ͵λ֮󣬷õ۽ˣһΪ۱ʵѾﵽһɴȵľ磬Ҫٽ۽֮ˣҪǣʱҲҲûֵ۳ˡ
ֻǣô۽߾նȴʵʵĳΪ˵֮ǿֶΣû֮һ
ưݷ⴫˵еĵ۽߾նҲɵ֣ȫ˿֣һ̤죬ڵ̤죬Ϊ̤죬оʽݺ֮ʱҽʦҲֻʽһ֮ۣΪƽ£ټ۽߾նұԴ˶ս
̤Žһ
ִӿ³˲䣬ݷƶȻһ䣬˷·𶼻Ϊأһ̳ǵĽâԳƹͬսһ̤֮ϣ᳹أ
ɫ䣬·һ֮£ضֻΪ֮޷赲񲻿ɵһ
ʱ£۽߾ն̤Žٴײһ𣬽跽ݷ֮ٷһ£
һݷ˵սʦҲ۳սпµһ֣԰֮ϧ֣֮Ϊƽ£֮󣬽ʦһֱн괴ʽУ̤죡
ֻǵǸʱҲѾɾ˵λΪؼ޵еĴڣȻǽʦҲûսʸˣһ¸ǳΪźʹڽ츳ľžҪ۽߾նָ£
ϧǣ۸ûչκεӣҲûκʸȥսۣ
һôഫ㽣̤ŽŵȴҲվûлѾΪ˾ĵ۽߾նڷָʤˣ
һź֮ʱõٴӡ֤Ļᣡ
һնʶ̤Ž̤µǣ۽һĮһеľ԰Ե
ǳ˾Ľ⣬ڵ۽һն֮£ҲûκĻᣬһ֮£㱻Ӳնʶ
ǻˣȻնʶʱͻ񣬸ЧķˣֻݷȴǽȻͬģսʦҲͬǾ̤֮ʽ֮ʱ۽棬԰֮ܣȻҲԶܹġ
һնʶݷû˿֮ɫгȫû˿ͣȻ׼ޱȵŷ
̤죬һضҪ̤µǣȻʧȥʶһҲ˿ɫȻԾ֮£нʶĽơ
ն
˿ԥһתڶն̶£նն˵Ĺͨ
һ֮£˵ϵҪԷأϾ֮˵İԵһ۽֮Ŷη
Ƴ
ݷȻĻˣȫܶսָѣκǰĴڶҪΪƳȡƳ֮⣡ƿȻǱصϵΣһѾҪ֮ˣһ֮£ԳɹȴطҲҪ̤¡
ȻһȴҲû˿ԥһ֮ݷ̱УȻϮ
Ƕ
գϮ£⻯ΪǹأǶ֮أˣǶҫأ
һ£޾ǹ֮£γһǹ֮Ƕָأ
һδ䵽ϣҲȻˣǲԾһ˿Ѫ
ʵϣݷն֮ǰѾӦñýУնˣֻǣ֮ǰûȻ̤֮ʵٴνԭɬĵطѾȻʣǲִ֮Ҫܳնı仯ȴȻʵ̫ˣȻԷŵҲһģ
һģЩҪ˷ҵ۽֮ȴǾ˫ת֮£˲ٽֻ˲䷽ҪˣȻлкܴһħ֮Ĺͣǿֲٶȣ÷磬ʱܿԷķâֻҪâɨһ㣬ҲѾԲˡ
Σ֮£־սʤңٴδ˼ޣһ֮˵նܣ
ն⾳
ν⾳ǽ⣬عʵ⾳һ֣۽߾ննȻҪնһ⾳
Ҫ֪ʵһľ磬ʵϣ󲿷ֹҪ⾳չ֣˵򵥵Ľ⣬ֱӴ־ǰһ谭ʧȥݽ⣬ƾһ֮ʣ¼
һǷԼҲֲһŵˣ
ʶ⾳
Ѿݻһǿһƾ裬£ʲôȥֻ׸ˣ
ԭѾҪǹ֮һն֮ȻϾνǶҲһ⾳⾳ն飬Ȼ޷ǹ⹥˵ŵնһ㳹Ĩȥʲݷòռݵƣ
ǵΪֹĻôݷ㼸Ѿʧȥ˻֮ûУûϵ⾳ûˣѾûˣ

ϰ̤Žһݷûб˺ݺݵѹƹԭڵ۽߾նҲżֲмģΪ۲ƾǿһΪѹƽʦѣ㲻ýв۽߾ն
Ȼһ̣Ե֮ĵ۽߾նֹȴ˲㱻Ĵˣ
뷽ͬݷʵȻҲ̤Žʵϣݷ˵ȫյҲֻǰѣԭΪԴѾȡʤˣȴϣ˲㱻Ƶĵز


 ڶһʮ طɱ
Խ澳Խܼһ˵Ǳݷ˵һֱһУҲ֣ҪԽ֮Ƶȳ̶ˡ
Ľ⣡
һȣݷȻӿͬʱ鿪ģ⾳
ԭģĽһͻȻǳ⾳ԻȡԵһܹԶƽտɱƳǶЩʵ⾳ͻȻȫǻǴﵽһֲĳ̶ȣȻݷҲѾһ޷Ԧĸоֻܱܵƶ
ֻһ֮䣬Ҳٴ漣Ľư˻
ն⾳ðҲҪ㶯֣Լ⾳ȡԵγƾ޵һвң
ò˵֮ҲԵ۽߾նֿĹֶΣҲȻܹķʽ⣬Ƿƣ˽ǵۣص޾
̤ŽУҲǡе۽߾նʵ޷Ӧԣ˵ĳ̶ȣһսǶԷ绹ݷ˵ǽǱѹե˼¡
ֻǣĽһ統Щˣһж̳һѾľ磬޿ɿ⣡
ǳڴ˶Ӧ۽߾նĵնҲȻܹͬ⽣⣬ɷѹǣڷ˵Ľȴûʩչ
Ҫ֪籾Ǹո̤ûãûϸо۽߾ն֮ǰҲֻѣܹս֮иնѾǼˣ˵ִ֮͸նǾʵ̫ˡ
ɸ¥ƽ𣬼Ҳ˲ͿԽ̨һ죡
ˣһԣ缸˵Ѿˣǵ۽߾նܸ̤Žֻǣķ޷ʩչĵ۽߾նݷһﵽ˼ȻԵ۽֮ҲͬŤתǬˡ
ߣ磬㻹֣ͬʱСħͬڷĵһʵ̫ǿȻħ֮ıСħҲͬûаܹס磬ʱ㼱˺˳
ʵ粻Ǹո̤ףݷȴѾǰ벽ʥˣеĲһ޴ĺ蹵ѹסҲʲô̫顣
ֻǣһΣȴ·ûСħĻһ㣬Ŀ֮¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫͬһһħ֮ӶֲٶƵ˼£ֻǣȴԴߣȻݷ緢ķ
ƺǴˣһΣ۽ˣôͬҰһ㣬Ӷȭͷݷȫȥ
䣡
һȭгʱͬʯڿжײһ㣬һɾ޲Χȥ˿е׷ʲô
ۣ
һɲǵĽ棬Ҳ˲Ϣֳ֮ʤԶԶıֻ屻նɳȥϸǴһǵ˿ڣ˲䱻ѪȾ죬ۼɿţǵ۽Ҳ׷˳ȥ
ȿȣȻٴοȳѪɫ˲òҰף̤Žһ̤Žֻ޷Ÿո̤ףδϰõնʤҲδ֪֮ݷ磬֮ܣҷ㣬ȴǵ۽߾ն̤Ž
ôһ仰·ͳ˷е˰˵ϣѪֹһĨȴͬ˿Բ
˵棬ʤѷ֣ȡˣĮȻŷ磬ݷ絭ڣ·ⱾǼ򵥲һ㣬˿ֵ÷ȥ˼˵ЩҲͬδϡ
סӦҵ飡ȻһЦȴǸûٸݷ˵ĻᣬɴһԼλãһ
һսȻˣȴҲԸԼڶԷ֣֮ȻѡôһҵĽ֡
һ£ϱѾʧص̼䳹ɢֻǼ㵽󣬷ҲȻûе£˫Ŀ֮иǴһĨڵļ㡣
٣
һս۷Ծ˼Ҳ˾ʵһսˣϧһսѪħ֮ȴһĿߣ
ĺĺһѪɲܾô˷ˣ뱾ħɣȷʧȥһ˿ϢҲֹ֮ͣѪħ̲סٴ˳Хųŷʬȥ
ңһ˲䣬ݷȴȻһĨâһгѤĽâٴֱʣݺѪħնȥ
СĪǵΪħκβôƾ״̬Ҳ뱾ħΪУЦһѪħ쳹أ֮䣬޾ѪɫȻڿγһ޴УݷУֱӱˣ
Ѫ֮
̤ɳںѪħܹõĵһ츳ҲһΪѲĿֲɱˣǷ򶼿һ
֮ǰһֱԹۣݷ֮ʱѪħûб¶ֱ˿̣ȫʵһ־ͽݷˣȻνķ򲢲ȶһʱ̱ܱݷƿݷѪħҲûҪôɾ͸ɵݷ磬˵ҪľƬ̵ʱ䣬ֻҪסݷ磬˷ľѪʵȻǣʱǿ֮ĩݷ˵ǻɱˣһСĿܾͻᱻһˡ
ѪħұضҪ𣡡ĶѪħݷģֻȴվ޷ڶʱڰѪɫеǣƣֻĿѪħ򷽴硣
һȷ磬ѪɫӰ˷ߣСĵһ־ѪȷʵѾûκεķӦѪħŲĴЦӵӿһɺںɫѪҺγһ塣
Ѫħֱһ̽Ѫħ˳ʽʼɷľѪ
ȻѪħӵ˲䣬
һɲǼ䣬ԭѾķ羹ȻȻ𣬻ӶȭͷٶȺѪħ֮ϣ
羢ʮͷţ
һޱļ޹еȫͷ˳
֮ڣ޵У
˽ľ֮£޿ɱܣ޿Ҳͬٴӡ֤仰ʵԣȻѪħǿᣬһȭҲͬ˲䱻ɢ壬ʱ⵽ش
ȴѪħζû뵽ģܵһҲͬЩ£ʲôѾ͸˵ˣôͻȻ˲䱬˿ֲս
ֻǣҲͬûиӦĻᣬգ֮䣬΢ֲԴͬͷŶֱӽѪħУƴĿʼһξҵĺ
¡¡
ԴѪħпãôͻȻûа˷ѵٴκѪħϣȫĴһת䣬Ѫħһ룬ںɫѪҺϷʹ˻


 ڶһʮ 㣬סң
ʵϣԭǷҵѪħҲô򵥾ͶѪħشֻǣһжʵ̫ˣȫ˶Էä֮ϣңѪħ󲿷ֵҲڶݷĿϣѪ֮ȻֲȴҲͬ޴󣬶ұֳƣһ䲻λðЧԴѪħȫ޷ѿ
ҲѪħ⵽شͬʱѪ֮ҲױݷֻǣѪħץǣݷ粢ûٶԷ֣ǸɴĳɱѪҺһжѪħĻָٶȡ
Ѿˣһжƭҵģթ࣡źţͻҳ壬ȴʼ޷Դ֮ܳѣѪħɫ֮Ъ˹
Ѫħüͷ΢ԭ׷ɵĵ۽ȴȻ𣬸ڿУת֮䣬Ľʱѹأ
⣬ݷͫҲ͵һȻͣеĶ
۽߾
ͬڵ۽֮еһ󷨣̶ܹȵĽ۽ͷŶֻȴҪһʱ׼ãֻ˭û뵽羹Ȼܹս֮а·ʣóֲĵ۽߾ϾѪħһ˿룡
Ľɱ
µ񣬷ûаԥ־ǻԵĴֱӶϾһϣ
ʵϣݷ֮ʱѾʼֲˣȻСħ˵ɳڵѪħ޷ﵽֱΧÿһѪĳ̶ȣȴҲܹ뵽ΧѪ£ҵѪħҪɱѶҲͬǳôõ۽߾ɾͳΪѵѡ
ʲôѪȵ۽߾ΪЧô
Щ׼ҲĽ׶˳׶ϾѪħĻָ
ܡⲻܣŵĿ콣Ѫħڳ׾ˣ޵Ŀŷݷ磬޲ýƤǵ¶ȥ
ǹܸҵģŷ磬ݷͻȻڵ
ѪħѾûأ޷Ѿһʱ⡣
ݷĻѪħʱӦ²ô򵥣Ҳٴһ˿ϣϾǷݷٴδһ˿Ļᡣ
Ҳȫǣʼ磬ڵٵ۽߾նĵնҵȷò
һϣ絹ҲûʲôģȻһ羢ıһصģȫҲ̫ı䣬޷Ǿܵ˸һ㣬ܹƾħ֮ɶ߾ˡ
Ҫ˵ݷǾͼˣ
ȻһеǰǹսϰɱĻǾһˣ
ʵǾΨһԪأֻҪõɱʵԶԼĶ֣Ҳȫܵ飬һ㣬Ѿõ˵Ѫʵˡ
һ£漴һҪл㣬ܹβ֡
⻰ԣʵϣѪħʼʼݷ֮Ļһ໥̽Ḷ́ᵽ˼磬˵ʲô˵黳ܹԼ֮⣬ֻķʽݷ磬֮ìܣԵȵѪħ֮ٽ
ݷӦǷҲ᲻ϧһд۵ĻɱѪħʵϣͬ˷顣
˽۷ԾһĻϾ޷ҵѪħڣôܴܿҲ޷κεѪħƲ֣ܹɴĻɱѪħ
̸ʲôϣҵȷɱ֮ģ޷ҵĽҲˣҾ֣ݷıȻĮ˿ɫʡ
ȻһЦҲ⣬ݷˣֺγһݷӲµ۽߾նҲͬɱݷȻݷʬնѪħֲҵķʽԼȥȡɱĻᡣ
һģûʲôٵĵط˵ĽҲȫû˿ȫһ֮䣬ҲΨ˲˵ʵѪħȫƲ
Ϊʵ
ǷĲִ֣֮䣬ҲȻܹβ֣ʵѾκ̾ˡȻҲҪݷϣҪﵽЧҲͬ쳣ѣԶĲ˵ݷȻֳ֣ô֮£ҲΨʱſѪħˡ
ѡɱòҪ̫ŷ磬ݷƽĿڵ˵Ŀľǵɱ㣡ֹɱѪħѾܹļˡ
⻰˵ĺǳףҲķʽĸ߷磬ԲظһҪȵȫָٴγֵļһʵϣֻҪܹﵽĿģ֮Σ
ľٶлЩ޳ܣڷ翴ȴֱˣ
أȻһЦԴ֮ûаּǿ˼֣ҼȻҲ֣Ȼƾ֮ɱңǱ㱾¡
ԷӣͲὫԼŵκ˵УҪ˵ݷҪɱԼˣֻԼУա
˵ͬʱ۽ҲٴζֲĽݺأɨһУ£
Ŀŷ磬ݷ粢ûд𻰣Ҳûֹ˼ôĿѪħڷĺ֮һɢֱӡǶڡ
̲ӵʱ䣬ƾѪħνģǷ뷽һжԸݷ磬綼ͬûһ㣬ȫûסֵ˼

ѪħͬʱݷеĽȻٴζһԼ˵û㴭Ļᣬ־ƴһ
裬죡
ûѪħ谭ݷĳָǺ޼ɵɱһ𣬱ǲݣƱҪնɱ
䣡
ݷ綯˲䣬۽߾Ҳͬʱɽɱ֮ƣݷȥ
ϣν׼۽߾󣡡һ̤죬ݷûаη壬нȻֲĽâ˺أӲӵ۽߾пһֱͨȥ
۽߾ȻҲպգʵϣȴǳȫ۽ܣʥµĴʱܹһʥ׻Դİ벽ʥףܹӳʵЩˡ
޽ȻûбԴ֮ݷнȴҪԴ֮ϵ۽߾ͷųĽûаη巽֮ɱѪ꣬Ѫħһ˿ĻȻ£˵ƾ˿ݷʵЩˡ
Ǵһ˿Ц⣬縺ֶ°ɫĳѾѪȾ죬˿ڻѪǿȵսټЩƣ񷽴ܹӳսٻһ룡ǣˣҲȻŵЦݣûа㵣ĵ˼
㣬סң


 ڶһʮ ط֮ǣ
㣬סң
򵥵ļִӷĿ˵ȴǴһɾԵģǿҵƾż־˲һ־֮У·׷ʧȥһ㡣
⵹֮߾ʲôģһִƣ֮ǰĴս벼֮вȻγɵĴƣⲢ⣬򵥵ľٸӣһմѪʿոմսճѪͲҪʲôôһҲԽͨŵɫҰףԾηˡ
ȻݷҲѰʲô˿ԱģȻϻٴƣҲƾһ仰ͽݷˡ
Ҳݷ̬ȣһ֮䣬Ȼأֱӳ˵۽Աߣ赭дĽ۽յ
ռ䱾ԴصֶΣݷûԤϵģв¶һ˿֮ɫĽһȭȻ̤Žǰ֮£ͻȻ͸ռߣĹвɾ;Բֹһˡ
Ҳͽˣ֮ǰûмں޷£ȫʢ״̬֮ͻȻ֣Ťת棬ݷ֮УȻȴǸ̸ʲôηˡ
Ȼݷôû뵽ǣ羹Ȼѹûиս˼Ǵһ˿Ц⣬ħ֮΢΢һ˱ȻΪһӰ֮Ϸȥ
ĽҲͬݷû뵽ģһ˲䣬Щʧ
սӣʲô£ǼһոΪ˲֣ܺݵӲԼһȻôȻһսûˣֱǳ׵߸ݷԷ֪
ôݷҲ֪Щ˵涼ҪģԲֲսӵҲֻзŻȫ
ңЦǣһﾹȻܶ˵ôֱ׳
ٻ뷽֮ǰ˵Ļ㣬סң
ðɣһһʼ͸ûдٸԼӲƴֱӾܵĴ㡭ԭνƾ֮ôȻ޳ܣ
ֻ뵽⣬ݷȴ̲סЦ˳ò˵һĺܺԼƢθأ
ȻԼܹںǷˣֳ֣ôΪʲôܲԼֱתأ
Ҫôˣֻ»ûôװɣ
Ȼһ̤нȻΪһ磬ŷ׷ȥٶȻħ֮һЩȴҲڶʱڲᱻ˦ˡ
磬ҼȻ˼磬ôӵģҲ׷ȥģңָĻᣡ֮дһ˿Ū֮⣬ݷٴοڵ
׳գȷشСħڷĵ׽ħֻ֮ƽ͵ķʽУݷǿܹ׷ϣǱˣ⿪˵һطӡħ֮ȴǿʱͷųٶȵģֿƿյļٶȣɵ˲佫ݷĵز
Ҳ˵籾ҲӵسɴֶΰԷʵ˲Ϣ֮䣬ԴԽľ룬ֻҪ򵥵ļسɴ磬Ҳܹ˦ݷˡ
ֻǣķȴƺûӵЩ˼ֻٶȼУͬʱ΢ЦſڵĶȥôֻ²ðɣܲңҪȥĵطֻû׷ġ
⻰ݷжʱһݣת֮ȴǶʱ㷴Ӧ˹Ŀ򷽴磬һЦ
֮ǣ
Ϊ˵ĵطȻǸ߸ڿе֮ǣǸܴ۵ľԽأ
˵ݷˣȻκһ۷ڣҲûǸ׷֮ǣҪ֪֮ǣɾԭϹɱ򰡣һֱ˼ľ
ڿµĸ߿֮УгѰףȻ۷Ҳδܹ֮ǣǷȴǽȻͬģ˵綼޷⻰ݷԼȲš
ݷ˼άԾļγһΪǲ̤֮ǵϼҲû˭̤ƬԽأ˱Ȼĺ˷ݣ
ǰ籾ǵ۽ˣԶµļ̳ˣҲҪһöӣ
ڱ˵Ľأ뷽˵ȴ¼ȫĵطйؽ㲻̿
뵽⣬ݷſЦͣ˽Ųε̾Ϣһðɣҳϣҵȷס㡣
⻰Ƿ֮ǰ˵ģԭݷǼΪмģȻȴòϣ⻰˵ĵʮ㣬ȻʵٷҲûô׷֮ǵġ
ȻһЦҲͬʱͣȻˣǲʹ˱ɣǻ֮ա
˷һۣݷŻڵ㣬ţҳ׻֮ǰɲ˵Уҵģ
һڣݷҲͬǿҵģ̤ͬŽһ㣬ضҼ̤ڽ£»ʲôܹη壿
Ҿûôˣʼ磬ںĻش۽߾ն̤ŽҲȻֳʤΣ
һ仰ȴǶʱݷҭĲᣬһ˲۾ɵùԲûһѪ
ٴǿҵԸڷĿȴֱСһȫĵ飬ðһĽԿ
֪׷ĵ磬ݷֱ޲óְˣ꣬˵Ҳ̫ˡ
ֻŭ֮£ȴҲżֵڴ֮ɫ
ǰԼһ޽ѵ㲻ܴһԼĽôǵ۽߾ն̤ŽǿģգʦȻܴ˿µ̤ŽôݷΪʲôһУ
⻰ƺЩ治ȴܹѪڣŵ˵򵥵һ仰ݷһӣ˲Ͳ׳
ĬĬ˷һᣬݷڻҡҡͷ³Ȼһ٣뷽෴ķȥ˲Ϣ֮䣬һĽâȻնֱ֮дһͨתۣݷʧ֮ͨС
磬㣡
һ˿Ц⣬粢ûлشֻǾĿ֮еͨɢ
ԷʵȻܹóݷԼӵеģЩǿ߶ĽýֺͷҲ֪д۱Ȼ֮߰߰ǿߣ᲻һΡ
̾ϢһĿڻٴǸ߿֮е֮ǣһжѾĻҲʱ»صѰҵǸԼδҵˡ
˵ԼҪĴ𰸶֮УԼԼʵʱ򣬱֪һ죡
ԼҲڻˣ
ֻǣ뵱ͬ˿̷ȴЩ꣬ʵԽǿԽܸܵɲʵеļɵʢ˼֣Щɣ֪ν࣬ǲǺ¡
νţ»ϵ£֪Խ࣬биľη
Ψһģǿġǿ֮ģ


 ڶһʮ عأ
һ·Խ㣬ףΪֻҪ׾ط֮һֺɿЦͷ
Ȳ˵Ѱܼܲôõĸ߿շУ߿֮еѾԽѰǿߵˣǿѾ˼֣Ҳ޷άֶõķС
ȻԷǿҲƾħ֮ЧɵĴԽ⻹Ϊ籾ԴʣģԱѰʥ״ˡ
Žߵ֮ǣһһžȻ䵽֮ϡ
һ̤֮ǵĵ棬ȻоԭЩģȻһ̳ƽ
ȻˣβһƽգͻȻ˵
ΧһƬƽǾ֪ȫ˿쳣ǷȴǱܵĲһЩϸ΢ı仯һתµԵɣԿڵơ
СӣȻѾܹҵĴˣ˲𣡡вأ䣬֮˳
ˣֻͻȻһ˿׶ѡ΢΢ҡͷ΢Ƿйڵ
ԭΪҲʱ䣬»صȴ룬ô̵ʱ䣬ѾɳȵزŰЦЦ漴
û磬ƽĿһˣȴȫûа㾪֮ɫ֮ǰ飬ҲȻ֪˰ɣ
ȻһЦҲͨԽôĶһ֪̫ˣ
һֻѪħƺҲ˼Ĵڰɣ˵Ҳ֪ͬˣĿٴ׷ʵ
ԥһ£Żҡͷ֪˵ʲôҲ֪ʲôЩҲش㻹Ǿ仰֪𰸣Լȥҡ
ָű֮ǣƽڵԶҪĸӣڴ֮ǰҪͨһزС
֪˼򵥣һɹڵòҪһ㣬ܽȥɣ
ȻѾȹףҲԴ֮ǣԼʵҲǷǳģҪ˵ȫѰ׿ôֿţҪȲεǿ߽֣ȫȻκʤˡ
֮ǰܹɱһ꣬ҲѾǿżˣǻɱֻķҲѾʮ߰˴ˡ
ǵڣڷԴĻҲЦſڵΪ˴عˣʵ͵벽ʥ׵ĳ̶ȣֻҪܻʵңǹˡ
ʵѹƵ벽ʥ׵ʵϣⱾǶڷһϿɣϾǻˣҪͻή͵ѹƵͬʵˣ
ֻǷǲϵֶȴʵ̫ˣѹƵͬʵˣŶڱԴ̶֮ȵƣҲԱʤֻʵѹŷ磬𵽹ؿá
ƺ뵽ʲôٴβУǵ۽ħ֮㶼ܶãȻսʤҪѹʵңҲȫóá
һ÷üˣ
ʵͿȻѹƵ˰벽ʥ׵ĵزҲ֮ͬŵ۽ħ֮ĸҲԱʤοȫܶЩˣ
˵״̬µͷδ㱻糹ˡʲôЦԼֲġ
㲻ڿЦɣЦһ£ЩεĿ˵
ҲϣǣϾ翪ЦȻڵΪعˣƺûи㿪ЦȨ
˷ۣȴǳٸϻˡ
УϵҲǲᣬҽû취ָưɣȥСδܱסˣ̸ʲôȥѰҴ𰸡
۹쳣ģԭϾʹˣȻѾԼһ·Խ㴳ҲͬСٲָֻ±㵱°ĿˣһЩҲȫûпܡ
лģֻҪ֣뻹ܱסġʼ磬漴Цſڵ
ΪͨĴڣƣʵҲû̫ϣҲҾôððʧʧĴ˴֮ˡ
ȻЩڱҲԭ֮һϾȻݷδ˾Ͳ֮ʱǽɾͲԶˡ
һݷ˵ڷ˵Ҳûб֮Ǹȫĵطˡ


 ڶһʮ վ
ػһ֣һĳĿѣĶȻĿҲ΢΢һ͸˼̾
ԷܹﵽʵѾκ̾ˣοҪֱͨǷ˼ˣ˵ʵж˲ʵϣĿǰܹƵĵҩ˵ֹһᣬĿػֶΣԼ֮ʱ͸©Ƿʣȴʮʮһʦ緶˿С
ڵҲ֪һȻƣǷֱеģǼۣȻܹȷϵްˡ
Ȼڷ˵ЩҲڿǷΧ֮ˣûзֳһ򣬷缸ܹ϶Ϊ۲ֵĹؼӣԼüֵѹեɾ֮ǰԲᱻ׷״̬Ҫ֣ȻǷȫҲ𲻵κá
Ϊͨռ䱾Դʥǿߣسɴ磬ֻ⿪˵һطӡħ֮ʵ϶û̫壬֮£ʱҲδĵ
ӱ͹һ˾㲻׸ģһ˾ϣɵ˵ҩ
ܹŴƭҽʵ籾ĶҽˣټϵҩĸҲǶ̶յĹһƱ㾡Ȭ
飡
һöҩΪĩڣŴ͸һĨ֮ȥľâ˵Ϊ֮һ䣬Ȼδ֣ȴȻ͸һεѹһѳʵı񲻿ɵ
㣬׼ô͸һ˿Ц⣬ڣ˫ָڱƵᡣ
ֶΣ͸һĨ޿εȻһЦһƣݿڣ·ԭǵټ򵥲ˡ
ĵ˵ͷҲϻһָ죬֮ȴȻһվȻõ۽ħ֮ҲռˣվֻԱԴ֮ģ֮ȻˣҪ飬ֻҲǲס
û˵ʵ˼ȴѾ˵װˣûжֵ˼һûվǺڷǰĵһվ޷飬Ǳûֵʸˡ
ƺЩ֮⣬ȴòϣʵʸ
Ҫǣܹܵĵľٶʵżά֮⣬Ͼվ飬һ֣ܹĿֱܼ΢΢ǽʵѹƵ벽ʥ׵ĳ̶ȣһҲ֮ͬݡ
ȻЩûֱ˵ܵˣҲͬûʲôľٶֻ΢΢Ƿһ漴һȻ̤֮ϣ˲ʮӰվȥ
һ֮䣬ȻȻһɫĹâԴ˲ͷŶȫ˿֮⡣
ԷȻףԱԴ֮ûվͲѰ׵ĹܹģҪƳΨһĻǶñԴ֮ǿк顣
һ֮䣬ɫ䣬Ծ֮Ϻ£·ܵ˷ٻһ㣬ڿбȻΪһɫ֮Ȼ£޴˸оܹնն顣
ò˵ʮʮһ̬֮ݷǵһսǶڽǱԴ֮Ŀϣٴһξ޴Դ۵֮Ȼ̤ŽĵһˣȿֲĹ䵽аħһ۷ϣһԽ֮ˡ
ֻ⿴ƿ񱩵Ĺ䵽վķΧ֮ڣȴ·ˮ֮СʯһҲֻܷһ˿׾ٵı㱻վˡ
Ƥ΢ɲͫȴǲԾһ£ܶһԭûб̫ϣ赭дı÷кݺݲ˲Ҳʵ̫̬һɣ
·˷˼˫Ȼڱ󣬡վǱƣб仯ģֻģҲɣûе۽ƾѰԴĳҪ飬ûʲôܣ
ȴԣΪϹɱ֮һֶαĪ⣬գվֶΣĪ˵Щ󱲣ȻͬҲû˸˵һܹվġ
񼴱ԱԴ֮ģҲͬСӣûӦֶΣƾԴ֮ǱԴ֮ԶԶѹƵ벽ʥʵ㲻ʲôЧ
ֻǣڷ˵ָԴ֮ǿȣ벽ʥ׵ҲǸЦ붼Ҫ롣


 ڶٶʮ лȫһ
ָ㶯羲վòȴ͸һĨЦ⣬Ȼⴳؿʱô
ŶƳ˷һۣҡͷǵûУֻǸعأȥֻһ·ȥҲ㡣
˵ǿɺܶˣҲǱ̬ȣһ仰ڷ˵Ǳ㹻ˡ
ȻˣЩֻ¾͵øСӺˡһ˿Ц⣬һ֮䣬ٴվȥֻһȴδʹñԴֻ֮Ѱֶι
ڲñԴ۽ħ֮£ֵҲͽ൱ڵѰ۷ǿ߶ѣǿȵĹûаվĿܣֻǷȴ·һ㣬һδβ֪ƣվȥɽ֮ơ
վһʩչд֮гȡҪȵߣֻǴˡƽվԭأҲ˿ûгֹ˼ôۿŷվϾ
ɹȻһЦȴҲûн͵˼ûֵͣļƣ·ѹûĻ
ǣȻţһĴۼ粢ûֵ˼һתȴǶʱһŵͷһɲǼ䣬ĶҲ΢΢һͣſڣȴվʲôû˵
վķȴѾû˼ˡ
Ϊ̿ͣ˼ά͸Ѱ˲ͬ˵Ĵһ飬Ƿڷ˵ȴһλᣬһθܿռ䷨վ仯Ļᡣ
Ȼ֣Ҳûй涨ʱ䣬ôżôͨһεĹ̽ܺˣÿһվǷأȻһ˿սУϸ΢ı仯޷׽ˣȴǲֵİȫȫ£Ĳһѵĸᡣ
ڿռ䷨򣬷֪٣ҲΪسɴĹϵ֪᲻ռ䱾Դˡǣˣվǿռ䱾ԴΪµӦãб仯Ȼܴڿռ䷨ĸ񷽴ַʽ̽ǡñҵʵĸʽ
ȻҪһҲ˭еģгǿӦܲб仯һҲǰ״
ϧȻ츳ģֻҪһᣬ֮ܽ
ʱ仺ţֻǶڷ˵һƺҲûκˣ֮ѰҴ𰸹ȻҪһеĻӵ㹻ʵ򣬼֪˽ı䣬ʲô壿
ܼ򵥣ͺԤ֪δһ֮Ҫ֪δҪԤ֪ףǣ֪δȴԶ޷ıδĽôͲʲô˶һͷβجΡ뿴֪ѻ鷳ڲ֮ȥȴֻĿţָоλ̸Ͽģ
·һ֮䣬Ѿ¹ȥվȻƽڿУ˿ûаҪѵ˼ֻǣе֮ɫȴ޿εˣ̶̵İʱ֮ڣۼ֤˷Ӽȫʲôǿռ䷨򣬵Ѿܹһ̶Ͽƿռ䷨ǿռ䷨վԿı仯ƺʲôκһ۷ϵǿߣǳζʲôǱ־ţ羹ȻѾ֮ڣһֻ̤˿ռ䷨ĴŰ
Ҫ֪һȥŬҲѹ޷˱ԴƤë˵˵ǰˣȻʮ꣬ʮֻ꣬ҲԶԶ̶ֳȡ
ǣ񷽴ȴַʽĴĽܹ˲Ϊ֮̾
ˣ
һֵնռϣĿռ䲨ѹȴֻֻ΢΢˶ָ⣬ǷĹ׾ٵƫ˳ȥת۱ʧ֮С
ӿ³һһ˿΢Ц˫һգжʱһĨâٴ˵档ˣվķ֮Ѿȫˣڷ˵Ѿһ޴ĽˡȻֻǶ˶ָ⣬̺еĿռ䷨仯ȴӵκһͨ۷
ò˵ǾţֻģվʵбɣǼˣѾ˷һֺȻ纣ĸ򣬼ѾǱѹե˼£һֵܡվеĸӳ̶ҲԶڷʵܹܵˡ
зһƵƣУֻķȴȻûаֵ˼۵ƤܣҲԸйһϾվ̺֮Ŀռ䱾Դڷ˵̫ˣйϢ֮ȴûаܹʣµˡ
ҧҧ⣬ǿнƣԺ˻ΪһӰٴվȥֻϸĻͻ֣ᷢڷߵһɵĿռ䷨֮仰˵ķԿռ䷨Կվ
񷽴ĹԵ÷ǳۣȴѾ˿ռ䷨ĳΡ
⣬ȴҲЩˣ˭ţȻܹô̵ʱ֮ڣַķʽȥܸռ䷨
ң񿴷ƣҪվ֮еı仯ɵ˼Ҳʵ̫Щɣ
Ҫ֪Ϊֶ֮һվĸӳ̶ȼֱԶԶκ˵󣬼ֻɵ仯ڼĴڣҲֺֻܿžҪ˵͵ѧķʽˡ
ǣʵǰķڳľôһƣ֮ǰԴˣ֮Աǣ뵽֮ǰǰ·ı仯ȴôЦˡ
һһ̣г嶯ᣬֱӳֻзˣţɳҲʵ̫ˡѾ֮ˣ֪۾֮ڣʱעߵ֮ͬУҪöؼӴ֣ƴűѣҲҪֻɱ硣
ϧϾֻ鵽ֵزȻҲѾûѡء
̾Ϣһȥ͸һ˿ӵɫ۾㾿ҪһεȿֲĴڰˣܹΪƿصô
գһۼûĵӣۣûаѰҴ˵˼ƺҲΪ۱Ƶ쳣ѵľأŲòһӵĴˣǣӣĻֻô
ɱϳ˴ҲƵ˶ʼɵɱ⣬ֱȻ֮˰
ˣ뵽ٴ˷һۣ


 ڶٶʮһ лȫ

׺ңӱĿ֮еǳ˲ұӣԺȻҲ־⡣
Զ農ĿһУ֮ͬ
ȥҲѾһˣΪѪܹ֮һ̫ƽӣȴ룬붯֮Уֹħ͸ռѷʵûпֲ˾ĵزȴҲѾηˡ
û֪һоô£˵ΨһĿܾһ۵֣ЩҲȻֻƲѡ
˵ҪȥѰһ𰸣ȴ֪ʱܹңҲҪ̤һɹٳΪʥǿˡһɹôңӱΪΪ˼ǿĴڣأɱһ
˲֪ȴ׵ģң֮ѡʱɽ٣Ҳػ˼
ȴǱǷһʦͽˡ
һң֮ǰ˵£ҽҪģҾ֮Уػסһ
췣ңٵڷ֮ǰ֮ϣ̤ʥױϾһ̫Ŀ򳬷ʥҷ
ٵҲѾ˱ܹļ£׵ضƬ֮䣬ñΪɻңǣ䵽ңߵʱȴ·ռ䶼Ťһ㣬ֱ׽ٽûܷңһƬ½ǡ
ˮ˫٣
ˮ֮ף
ÿһ٣Ѱֻ֮ҪմһǰҲǱɣңǰȴȻԹɰвƵᡣ
˵ȴԶҪȷɽٵʱĶˡ
뷽Ȼͬңռ䱾ԴʱѾÿһռ䲨һжԵôݲȣĺɴ̾
̶̲ʱʱ䣬һо棬ֱƳɢȥңϵıû̫ı仯ֻŽƵɢңϵȴȻ˷츲صı仯һ⾡̤˳ʥľ硣
ϲ֣
ԶԶĹ֣ȴڵһʱ˹ϲɫңӵĹϵһΣ򶼽Ϊߡ
û̻شңĿȻŲ񷣬ãſЦһϲֻǵˣԭһһоȴѾԿ϶ˡʥ֮ˣ˼ô
ʲô⻰ʱɫ䣬֣ʲô
Ƿӡҡҡͷңӻڵû´ĻӡȾã˼Ŀռʥϵǿ߽ѹƣʥ״뿪˼硭Ҹܵĵ֮Уʥǿߴڵĵط
뿪ɫȻʵ
գ뿪ᱻѹƵʵʥףЦŵ˵ͷң漴˵Ҳã˵ҪѰһ𰸣ҿ𰸰⡭Ҫײǡ
һ£ңӼԭΪͻƵʥףܸõػȴ룬վʧˣˣⱱֻ¾͵֧ˡ
֣ʥǿ߽⣬ȥСġĬƬֿ̣ڵΪػ֮𣬽֮ƵϣҿǷ㣬ȥҲټΡ
ģϵݺһ¹˭񣬵Ǹ˼ڴȻһЦңӽȻһ壬󳤽Ȼɳһ̤ϣշȥܹҪߣϵҲ㲻ǶŮ̬ˣǻСˣϵ
ңӵӱѣ˵߾ߣȫްֆ£գ֮䣬㴩͸ʳʧ˵ߵС


һָ죬ָ˲óӰŨصĿռ֮֮ӿգ֮ڿγһСվãЩ飬ȴվȶ
ͷԼ͸һĨˮȴ֮͸һĨεĿϲ֮ɫ
ܻ仯ûܳŪһµȴҲڻƽվһЩأԻûһͬվ
䣡
ͬʱʱܵһǵصѹ̧ͷҲ׵ĸܵѹԴ
վ˲䣬̲סе𺳣ʵȻͻ˰벽׵ĳ̶ȡ
лȫҪ֤һ£СվмζһЦƺûвʵı仯һ㣬һ֮䣬Ȼȥ
ո۳εվҲ֮ͷס
ȻֻǼ򵥵һ仰ȴǲԾ赭дĽеɱ˴룬ֻȻվһʱûܿסһڣȻӦ˹ķ绹ã״ɱȶڷǱһ˿ɵ籾üֵҪĶࡣ
̶һµʱ䣬ܹվûֵز֮ţϾֻʵܹӳȻޣת֮䣬Ȼָ˳̬һӣеվȻ䣬ֱŷѹȥ
ȻǱ͵ѧ˼վֶΣ۶ڿռ䱾ԴƿʮһҲ޿⣬ʵѹڰ벽ʥ׵ĳ̶ȣ֮ܽ۶վ顣
򣬲ȣƾֶӦ㹻ˡҲһ˿Ц⣬һ֮䣬һĨɫʱǰգ۱۳һɫ֮
ҲŽֻһʼѣ
ɱ֮
ɱɱȻδգɱ¾Դ֮۽ȴѾ㹻ˣԴ֮ศǷ
дԴ֮ȴȻûа֣֮䣬ӿһھѪתۻΪһΣצȥ
Ѫ
Ƿ׼ĵ̤Դ֮ǰѪѩʥ޿Դ֮ӦøϤ˼ֻ֣֮ϾǷ˵һһ㣬һ߶ȴҲͬС
֮ɱ֮֮
Դͬʱܽ⣬վһѹƣɱ㲻һһôˡ
ȻǷûվ֮ǰԴҲͬδܹվǣȴǼȻͬˡ
۵վ޷ȣб仯ǲͬնǣȴɷϣЩӵܣվѾ˺̶ܴȵÿһֱ䵽ĻټԼվ͸ռ䷨һɲǼ䣬㽫ͷŵ˼£
˳֮£Դ֮һ£㽫վѹ
꣡
ԭ᲻ɴݵվ֮䣬ѷ죬漴Ȼ飬ȻڴͬʱԴ֮Ҳ֮ͬ飬޷˿вˣ
ô˵վȴڻǱˣҲ־ţһεĴʼˣ


 ڶٶʮ 磡
ӡռ䣡
վ˲䣬һֱڱ˫Ҳڶɫһ֮£ռ䶼֮һҰɫķָ֮У֮䣬·֮ӡΧÿһռ䶼ܵѹƣӡ֮£˵ǷˣҪƶһСָ쳣ѵ顣
ֻУ֮ţأ
˵֮䣬ͬʱΪһƬޣôۿɼٶʧ˿ռ֮Уƾô׽Ҳ޷ҵ˿ĺۼֻɱȻϡڿлص
Ӱݣǵһʱ䷽ͷӦ˹ͬΪֶ֮һӰݵվ֮ϣϾվֻڷܹüţӰݾͽȻͬˡ
һգʧȥеϢӦ֮ͬµĴ̿ͣʱܷĹǹߣȫްѣһġ
Ĳ˵ֻǷѹѾץˡ
ӡĿռ䣬粽Уʱܷһ龰֮£УɾԲʲô򵥵ˡ
ʵϣҲܹף˵ڽʵѹƵ벽ʥ׵ĳ̶£ҲֻιиǶɱУûаĴĿܡ
ܹħ֮ӡĿռ޷κвħ֮κЧƿնߣǣ񷽴ȴҶá
Ͼħ֮Ĵ֪ģ𲻵ͻϮЧһʹþͻذ벽ʥʵƣʱֻ»ûӦͻᱻɱˡ
һһ˲䣬㼸ǽ˾
߶ȱÿһ缡·̺űըԵֻҪ춯Ľ֮ͷŶ
Ψһͬڳ˵ǣ£ҲȻžԵ侲û˿ңƴ©˿
Ϊ̿ͣκ˶ó͵ϮȻӦηֹ͵ϮҲӰֶʵЩ̫죬ĻҪܿĸ֪ͻȻ֣Ҳ
ȻʵϣҲû̫η壬ӰֶΣҪľͻȻԣ֮ǰû˿ףû˿²ִӦԣܴﵽһɱЧǣȴǵŷʧģ˵вѾʧˣʣµģ޷ǾǷˡ
ն
µĿռȻѣһ֮γһ˺ѵĿռУ͸ֱŷ緢˹
֮һ־ŵıǶڿռ䱾Դĸ߶ңڣһȻܹϣͬǰ벽ʥףûжɹ֮ǰңȴ̶ֳȣ̤ʥףҲδܹ˵ˡ
Ȼʵ̤ʥ׵ңӳֻ֣ð벽ʥʵֻ£ҲǾԲеġ
سɴ磡
ȫû˿ԥܵ쳣˲䣬ֱӷسɴֶΣһƣӲƿʮңտտܿһ
ףܣȴǴϣһʱ䣬ûס˳
ӡռ䣬ϣһƬռ֮ڣռ䷨ȫƿأڿռ䷨ܹԽûκܹƬռ֮Уÿռ䷨
ǣǣȴƫƫ£˲ƣֻƶ˶̶ʮ׵ľ룬ǺʣĿռƶȴǺĴյƿء
˵Уسɴ粻ǿռ䷨һӦöѣǣֻзԼͲʲôռ䷨򣬶Ƿ羳ڶشЧͲܿռ䷨Ӱ죬ֻҪҵĿռ䣬ܺƿޡ
ȻҪӿռ䷨ŵĳ̶ȣҪڷ羳ڶصҲͬǷڻṳ֮̂ǰ·Ǿġң񣬷ҲܵһѹƣӡĿռ֮ڣҲֻ˲Ƴʮ׵ľȥѡ
ЩȴôҲ͵ˡ
һʧ֣ٴζ֮УȻ¶˿вأԷķӦٶȣҲ׽ķλз
֮
ȷϸʲôȻһѻɫ֮ûκεʵʣһɿռ䷨򹹳ɵĴ󽣣ܹӰ죬ѰĹȥͬһ㣬޷
ҵΣУ÷ĺë˲䶼ըһ֮䣬ٴ˿ռ֮УȻһΣȴ޷ɵİѹˣб֮ƬӡĿռ֮Уͬˮеһ㣬һתٴŷ繥ȥڶ̾£Խռ˲ʵҲȷп첻̫ࡣ
һسɴҲͽֻƶʮ׵ľ룬ֻһգ۵Ĺܸ֮
ûռӡЧ־ٶȣ֮ٶȣҲδںȴˣȻ־ѹ֮£ҲӲ̫ٶ
ǣ֮ѾҲȻǸӦķλ
Ҳ͸̸ϷֻǱİȻ뷽һķ񲻷Եøţ׷Ǳ
ΣΡʮΣ
ʮεسɴ磬ҲȻû֮ܰ׷Ҳھ˵ȴ֮ʧͷһԴٴͷŶ˶ɫУȴǽԴ۳֮ϵĺ֮
ͬΪԴ֮ǷڱԴ֮Զ޷ȣȴҲܹǿһֹˡ
ңĿҲͲ֮Ӳƴǽ֮ķ֮У֮ٶȣ
ܵռѹƵ£ͷȴǶʱͶԴ֮ϣϾԴǿƿֲĹͬҲмٵЧٶȣѾﵽһٶȵļ¡
ԴԴĿƣһֱͣڹ֮ϣı֮£ȴȻ÷ķӦ˹һδδ߶֮Ĺ׷֮УѰֶٶȵĿƷʽ
һͨͨܶʱʵľͽֻһͷѣ
ԴԴԴƿأѾˣͷһתƬ̵ʱ䣬ԴٶϵӦá
ţ
һ䣬ȻΪһɫ磬ߵ֮ٴ˦˿ȥ
Դ绯Ϊ磬ЩȻʱٴ
ԴΪУ˵򵥣ʵϣܹģһǶԴյ˼µǿߣһΪ磬ԼȳܲסҪˡ
ȻȴǸʮʮĹֻ̥ܻ׵ʵԴִɵľҲңɼȴƫƫʱԴһȴȫȻӰģֻҪһ𣬱ԻΪ缱ٷˡ


 ڶٶʮ Ӳһ
ѹûʲôֶΣСֻǾҪˡ
磬Ѿȫӡռǿѹˣ֮־ʩչ֮ҲͬԸ̫вˣԷôһ˵ǵΣֻòֻǴأԾϾ֮ǰ͵ѧվ֮ʱ͸ɱ⣬͸ܵˣɲһΡ治һгֵļʺܵͣȴҲԲȥðգǶɵϰߡ
˵ӲΣǽ֮£ˣοǴ̿ˣκΣգ취ԴͷɱΣսͣǴ̿͵׼
㵹ǴĽ
ǺεĻһڣҲ˷˼ɹȻһЦģǺεݣʳԶʣһУСĽסˣ򣬿ɲҪԹ顣
֮ǰ͵ѧվĴ̼ڷô췴ӦܹԴûôķӦˣ˵һеҲףȴҲɱֻǶڷԽЩɵ١
վ⣬һΪǲƾƣҲǻܶСˡ
Ŀһ䣬һץһɫʱڿ۶ǹûᶶ֮䣬ѣռһɲǼ䣬ǿվ䣬ص̬
һΣȴٲĵɷȥоİˣգ֮䣬ɫͬŭһ㵱ճ䡣
죬ȻԳ֣ٶȴǸ죬֮ձ飬޿ɱܣ
ʵѹƵ벽ʥףʹõҲԱԴ֮ûıһȫ֣ȴͬƾ춯أ
԰벽ʥ׵ʵ߶һ֮УһǱʵʥ֮£ֻ¸ûһ
ȻԭĴУҲǸûдȫģֻǷֳǱʵ̫£˱˼һ˿ڽʵѹƵ벽ʥ׵ĳ̶£ǿһ
һǶ㲻ҲΥ۵˳ּɵСӵҲɾ
ȻܹѣҲ˼Ͼд˵ʵķ磬ҪƳ֣ձ̫ˣһеȵƽϾǣ˵ȻδĲз磬ҲۣȻ۱޾֮УҲûлɹ۵ֶΣ
ϵ£ΨһĵֻҪ룬κĴηˡ
Щ˼ȫǣȴҲܲµֵģȻףʱ̣ݲðҪͱƴһлȡ
һɲǼ䣬·ֻصħʱڷɽ˲䣡
ɱ֮ȫʩչɱѹ˿̵ֻǣʱħУܹǿںϽ⣬߶Ľ磬ȴԶԶûдﵽǵȾ磡
ʱķ磬ȴҲħʱҪǿĶˣ
Σ֮£ڵǱȫ߷֮䣬·ʧȥʶƺһ֮ľ磬ҪԼ߶֮䣬ڵȫͷŶ
֮ɱ֮֮
Դ֮ɵĽ̼俪ʼ˷ںϣһеĺģǡñǷ壡
ϣȻͬıԴ֮ǸںϵģǵһжԷΪںϵʱ򣬱һ΢ı仯ɲ֮䣬ɫâͬʱڷϸ֣γһɫ޽
۽⣬һеģκһֱԴǷ籾۶ɵĽȻһصɱ䣬ɱ֮󣬱ŷǵѤĽâ
ҲǷӵܻ֮ӦãȴѾӵ˰һеǱʣܹںϣȻ⻹ӵǿ壬ԴںϣΨһĽ屻ű֮⣬ڽ⣬ĽģĽӴҲز١
ֻеһжȫյһʱ򣬲߶ŷһεɱ䣬漣һεںϣն⿰ƾ춯صһ
ۣһƣڵݷ̤ŽĵĽ֮ϣ
ǵܴ߶һһսܵˣ¾Ϳݷˡ
죡
һ̣·ģһ֮£ҲȻʧɫ·Ʒһ㡣
¡¡
߶Դ֮ɱڿкݺݵײһǿֲƵ㳬˰벽ʥܴﵽļޣﵽ൱ʥ׵ĳ̶ȣ
ΧƬ˲䳹ױ飬֮⣬ΧڵһƺҪ״ݻٳһƬޣ
ֻǹǣֲĹ䵽֮ʱҲʧѩ֮£ȫ˿
ۣ
ҵĳ֮£Ȼ׷ɳȥƤ˲ѣգ֮һͷβѪˣи߿ھѪħ֮۽ΣʱԶɢֻ֣һ֮󣬷Ҳһˡ
Ȼˣֻԭѹڰ벽ʥ׵ȴҲײ֮ʱԶ⿪ˣ
ʥ׵ϾԶǰ벽ʥܹģûʥ׵ʵͳܲ
֮Լɣ⿪ѹƵʵ米ħ֮۽Ҳͬ˳һεĽ棬ǷˣȻʵϣȴκ˶ʱ⿪ѹƵĽֻȷ԰벽ʥ׵ʵۣһΣȴˣ
һ˲䣬ɫĸӵĿŷ磬˫ȻڱȴǲԾĳĬ
ץŵ۽ϵѪѾմȾ˱ħ֮ϣȴȻǾǿվţҡ˱ֱ
һ̣ܵشķ磬Ժ֧Ż¡
ˣˣ̾Ϣһº΢΢˿һ·˳
лҧ˵ĸ֣ôһմȾѪ֮ǣʼδüͷûܾٲά裬ȴȫûа֮⣡
ֱ֮ǣŵһԵ˵ϣ׻˹ȥʵ̫ˣܹ֧߽ʵѾһ漣ˣ
Сħĳڷͷ֮ס˷꣬Ƴһ͸һĨ˵뼥
֮ǣ٣
˵仰СħٲֻĶԶĹһԲ
΢΢һ̾գ֮䣬ռãԵĹȥķôʧԭأΧһдսĺۼҲʧˡ
㿴ʵΣ
Įڿ𣬳ãŻشʥ֮£ݺ޵У


 ڶٶʮ ʱ֮⣡
ڰ׶ƣУ껹ϵƶһֲֿٶȻָţֻǷʶʱȴȻ˯ûаѵĺۼ
֮ϣ˫Ŀ΢ϣѩĵ͸һ˿ǲ֪ݵˣǻΪⲻһѧˡ
ôȥһδעĴˣۣ㵹ǺôǡӶѪɫĳСħȻĳ۵ǰ֮д壬ֲм뼥
һֱףΪʲôѡһСӣҲԸҡûСħļĵĿڷʣᣬ˴ĵһֳУ˿شԷһ޷ˡС
ֿǸħ˵ǱħһѾڣֵĵƵۡƳۣСħķ
ȻһЦҲҳɵ޵УδһܣҵҲϣһһսĶ֡
˵⣬ۻ۾һ۷磬żȻѡҵǺڴܹҿһ졣
⻰ҲǼӻشСħ⣬˵ûаѷΪʲôвȻǷѾֳ˵ǱҲͬΪ⡣һڹӺѪҺ֮еĽ
ۣ㾿ҪʲôĿһۣСħڻ˳
̫ˡ̧ͷһ䣬ĮȻҪı֣ȻѾǾ͵ҶԻɡ
СħжʵڸȻǸıʣһ仰ȴСħʹˣƾһ仰ǲݣ˵⻰ȴƫƫۣСħԸҲ֪ھ޷֮ĴڡȻջҲֻˡ
˵Ĺڷϵĺڰ׶Ҳ֮ɢһƾֻϵѪ֤һжá
ּˡ
ŷ磬ۻڵ
ν֮ǰļ棬ʵϣۻûͶӰѣһβʵʵλϴڡ
۾Ǽ֮䣬ͨʼĩԼٴ̤֮ǿʼӦþѾ֪ˣعأµһѣҲΪˣǶɱҲûĳ֡
ƽĿǰλϵĴڣȴǳİȫû˿Ļҡ۵û˿ϢĲ˸ֺĴڣͬڷɽͷʱһ
۾΢΢ݼ񣬲
һս֪ô鰴΢Цſڡ
֪絹Ҳԥڴ
ʥ֮£ݺ޵Уӿ³˸֣۵Ҳ¶˼֮ɫһ۸ڶۣܵɼȷʵ顣
۾ˡʼ磬Щʵ֪۾µ۽һСߵһҪСʲô
ܼ򵥣Ҫȥ졣ڴ֪˼类ҷӡκδﵽʥʵˣ⵽ʱյѹƣͻ⵽ɣʵǿдʥס
⻰һǷҲΪ֮һͣӡ˼磬Ǻεȿֱֲʰˣֻ붼롣
Ȼ˵ʥ֮£Ѿݺ޵Уô˼磬ҲûʲôļֵˣһΪͨͨ۵ĻأȴԵݲ˷
۾ƾʲôΪһüͷ΢΢һ絭ʵ
Ϊ㲻˼֮𡣡·ϵ˷һʣ۵Ȼش㲻һֱҪһôұһ𰸡
֮䣬֮ͻȻһƬ͸ԶԶģܹ֮УһƬ貵İ׹⣬ֻ貵Ĺâ˴ȴһĨǵĿ־壬˲ԾΪ֮ս
գ޾֮̽ʱ⵽ǿַ޾գʱȻδҲΪˣ˼ϹɱŻѾõһЩϢ׿˵յأлǲΪ֮һ
¶һ˿֮ɫ۵ڵ񿴵ĽֻһѣҪȥ죬պ̤޾һ֮
̤޾գ⻰űͷƤˣ޾޷ýֺͷҲ֪޾յΣգֻҲֺ̤ȴԼ̤޾գЦĿʵЩ󰡡
Ȼڡһ۾Ϳ˷˼漴͵ǿƣȻǣҲ㲻ʲôԱ۴˵סţټħ֮ศɵִ޾ˡ
۾ô͸ҿ϶ʱһȥ޾վ㣿Ǵһ˿ļڵĪǣ۾Ҫʲôô
Ҳأҡͷٴָ貵Ĺâ֪Ϊܹӡ˼磬ǿ߶ʼղԽ׳ذ벽
ʲôĿ۵ƿȥʵۻѾ˵ˣǻɵ㶵Ĳ֪۵˼Ҳʵ̫׳˵㡣
޾֮еǹ⣬ȻҸϰ֮߳Ϊ֮⣡ʼ磬ۻڵҲѾҪܼˣ֮ڣԶʧ޾գֱ䡣
һ£ۼ˵䣬֮˿ƣȻ£ʱ򣬴˼ķӡ飬˼綼ᱻ֮⸲ǣһйޣ
㣡һ˲䣬粻Ȼɫ䣬۵˼ν֮⣬ʵǸ˼вԼģʵԼİΣ˼硣
Ҳδʵ̫ЩǴ緽磬һҲһִĸо
¶һ˿Ц⣬ż˵ԣ仰˵໹ʱ䣬ܾҳ㿴˼ˡ
ӣӿ³֣жʱҲ㷴Ӧ˹۸ǹģӵ˼粼·ӡ֮ʱѾ׼
Ǻεݣ䣬û飿ȻһЦ漴ڵȻ㻹һѡǾ֮ڴﵽԽҵĳ̶ȣʱ޾գֽ⿪˼ķӡԼ֮Ĺܵ˼ȻңҲͬԱնɱԶ޾֮С
ʱ䣬Խۣ
пôȻ緽磬ҲǿɬʵԽߣԽ۵Ŀֲ˵Խˣ֮ڣﵽҪܹ̤޾յĳ̶ȣҲѾǧˡ
οǵʱܹ֪ǸĻ


 ڶٶʮ ͨ
ô˵Ҹûѡˣۣʼ硣
֪һֱҪԽңҲҵİڲ۴ݵҸᣬܹ֮ǰ㻹ǰӰɡ
ӣ˹֮ĳƺƺôҲ̸ʲôĵˣûԸⱻٿԼȻʵУȴ̫ڲԾΪ˱еֻ̹Ȼ⻰˵˳ѡ
κ˶ҪǰǽҪ˲ٿأΨһİ취ԼʵߣûȨԡ
Ȼ˵ƺп˵㣬Ƿ籾Ǵ̿ͣЩ˵Ҳ㲻ʲô
һһ㲻ס뵽ɱƬ̣ڻ˳ν㵽һʲôϵ˵δҡǷҪ
Ϲɱһۣ˵جȻʵϣʱ۶ǴӲֵģϹɱպ󲿷Ĺ͡񷽴ȻɼȦӣͲòˣǵѣмӰ졣
ճƶϣ۵ʵֻһܹжҲû췴ĵŶԣǣ֮ǰɽٵʱɱȴ͸ö֮ᣬмƺŲСìˡ
ȻʧЦ漴ҡͷΪһĵҪЩʲô𣿡
⻰һҲʱӦ˹ǰ۵ʵûбҪȥЩˣֻҪΥľ㹻ˣиԴʲô⣬ѹȥܵġ
뷽˼άϰߵĵ볼ӵĹϵǲͬģϹɱڵʱ򣬴ϹɱʵϣҲۣǵȾ磬ʵѾںЩˡ
ɹȻһЦ漴ҡͷˣ֮ǰɱҳ֣ʵҲǲںģ㿴ɱһضȥҲǻãɱȡңҲȻеӣҪֻǽöӱͲġ
۵Ҳûʲô˼ģż΢Цҿĸ㣬⣬Զ֮жң죬Ҳӵһ̤֮ǵѣȫˡ
ôһ˵Ҳ㳹ˣ˵챾Ϊĥ£ЩǿĥĻᣬȻҲͬǲܴЩв֮дУ˵У˵ʵûκ
۾ȻǡЩ統̲סֻ֪̾ö䣬۾Ƿ֣
壬¾⣿ҲǸĵ˶ѣַ飬ºһ㣬̹ͬ棬Ϊӣ㱾ıҿˣһл壬ǰҲ㲻ʲô
壬һ仰ȴǶʱ÷пһʱ䣬˼ȴǲֻصڷɽϵʱ
ͷ˺þ֮⣬ͬҲģգͷѬ£ڴҲİôȴ룬ԼȻҲΪеӡ
˵Ĳ۾ֺγȡȻһЦ漴΢Цһ˵ʵǲ޲𣡡
ֻһֻܹУȻҲῴ͸ҡҡͷۻڵϵħ֮Ǽȫ⿪ӡΪһҲֻδħ֮кβգлᣬ㵹ǿҵĺ֮ġ
ţӴţܹޱȵĸо۵Զ־Եţһо֮УԼֻħ֮˵ƺҲֻһֵڴĶ󣬶Ǳڵв
һ漴ȭõ۾ʧ
΢ͷſڵͻƵʥףȻܹӦȥֻֻͨףȴ޷ͨġ
Ƭ̣ۼ˵Ϊȥͨܲ˳߳ȥҲܱ֤
ӡ£ѵ۾ԼҲ޷ȫƲɣüЩʵ
ӡȴ˵ô΢΢ҡͷ۵
΢һͣŷӦ˹󲿷ֻ¶ڵֿ޾յͷֲ򼴱ֻһҲδؾûа취
ߣԼҲһָоƺҲǹͷҪͨΣգԼӦ޾գΪպ̤޾׼
һˣٲԥȻˣ۾ͨɡ
ͨͨ޾޷ֿ֮ͨеĸţ׹޾գҲ㲻ãף˵⣬Ҳ¶˼֮ɫ
ֻ⻰һȴҲ÷Խ϶֮ǰ룬ȻһЦȴҲ
̬ȣŻڵǹȻûʧסˣֻʱ䣬ҹȻҪʧ޾֮У˼磬ҲͬΪᡣ
µ˲䣬۵ԥ֮䣬ֱ֮дһɫͨһ˲ѹ÷һǱΣСֻһһ֣ѹȻƵһ޷ֿ֮
һ˲䣬ݷ磬ݷĻǿߣԸ⸶صĴۣҲܹ벽ʥ׵ǿǿ˼ģ˼㣬Щǿǣǲۿ⣬ҲƲԼܹġ
񱻱Ƶֵز̤죬ͬҲǻ֪
ֻǣԼҲѾû·ˡ
ˣǸ㣬ӡѾʼɶڤħ޶͸ӡ˼磬ϵʱԽ˼ԽΣգڷ缴̤ͨ˲䣬ȴ׳ôһ仰÷ĽŲٴΪ֮һ͡
ĬƬ̣վûħ֮ĸֶһ䣬ȻͶڵ֮ͨС
Ƭ֮ͨʧȻ֮ϣ΢΢ۣһԡ
۾ȥǲǻ̫Щһ̣ӰȻ۵ǰ
ӣǸ΢΢ҡͷ漴ֵˣҲɣһСģҪ֡
ֱ£۾ǵ񣬷ҲȻǸһֿ͸ĸо˼вȣƷƺѾˣȴȻһֲȷУ·𼴱ˣҲ޷϶һᰴԼƺõ·ȥߡ
ԳɵҲû׽ˡ
ã۵ǲ͸һ˿Ц⣬Ҳãһоƿ֮УȻȫȴҲδʧζˡã


ľ һ ֮ǣ
ܵľȻ̤˲䣬ȴǱǰһгˡ
ûе½ɽкˮеֻһ޼ʵǿգԼɼƯڿеľ޴Уû֮ͬһеĳжڿУҪ棬һеĻж޷߳
ңԶԼɼĳǳأЩͷʹüͷһƺЩԶԼϣİУڷ˵ƺʲô£ΪζţҪѶȣƺ˺ܶࡣ
ħ֮ҲѾ𣬱Ͼ̫ˣܹħ֮ϢǿҲ͵õˣһֳ̾ͻᱩ©ݡ
ɲͬ˼磬㷽Ѿʥ֮£޵еʵҲױ©ݡ
ü֮¶һ˿ƣ֮ɫͷһѾʧͨȻһ󾪾壬֮ͨУܹĸо޾֮ɢֻһ˿Ҳǳ϶ԼֻҪմȾϰ㣬ٲֻɢѣ̤޾աǼֱѾ޷ˡ
΢ĳȻɳ׼ޱȵ˷Ľ£ΪһĽâԶģĳзȥ
İ죬ǵ۽ħ֮򲻵ѵͷԲй¶ġ
̤Уٶʵ죬տǿ֮£ܹܵһֵѹȸУΧʱӿǸһ־޴ΣУȽӽͱԶԶĶ㿪һٶȻ͸첻ˡ
ˣ
ôһ·˽죬ȻԶһѤĽâϤĽ֮ȴǶʱ÷ľΪ֮һ
ɿһαװݶʱ˷츲صı仯ü֮һ˿ưƤ͸һֺ⣬˵Ҳ̼䷢һɱ䡣
һУŲŽâķȥ
Դ㻹ֵʲôʱѵǵõȵȫˣſϳô
ŭȻڿ𣬻һâҲ࣬Ѿ˼㣬ΧȻȻϵĳֹֻȴȻ޷סһͷâħޡ
ݹαؾţ֪ģҲΣյġΪԴĴһǷ˵˵ƾǵʵûʸ⣬ȴִҪ뿪ôԶǵѵ´ΣָҪʲôء
ʲôʱˣ㻹˵̣ݱɫף͵һţķ˹ȥͼѾƵɽˮꡣ
䣡
͵һſڣһɫȻƿնֱݶȥ˾ԴһʵˣЩֿܹģۼɫ֮ϣҲ¶һ˿֮ɫźȻЩľٶȴҲʵ̫ðʧˡ

˲䣬һȻڼ䲻ݷ֮䵲ݵǰӲɫһ̣ԴֳȻֻһѳһ̱ŷƣȴҲص˿˼
˵ôҲΣյġǴһ˿ЦݣԴֳֽһֻȴ§סݵ
֣Ǳŵˣֱ˿ǱݵŮŷӦ˹һƬһšԴƿЩҵƽ˺
Ȼ㣬л׽ˣֻǣҵŮˣȴҲ㲻áһЦԴгȻһ㣬ȴȻΪһ㺮⣬ڿдһѤĻߣնȥ
ҲֻһƣȴʵǱΧЩǿ̫ˣܻṳ̂ʥף⽣ȴѾӦԱԴ֮ĳˣһ֮£ʱ鷢һȴҲ֮Դ
ֱ˿̣Χ΢һȻԴΪʵڲôأʵȴǷǳŵģԸôһֻ鲢ʲô⣬̣һΣҲûô˸ҷôԶȻЩ֮ǰҲû뵽ԴȻôݣ㿴ǲϣҲȫȻûаֵ˼
ͷֻ£Ҫˡ
΢΢üԶ̤ۼһУȴʼղһԣЩ˲Ҳֻ׵ʵԴҲǸոһĽ֮Դѣڷ˵㲻ʲôǣԴĽ֮УȴԼ÷о˼ݷӰӡ
ǷɵȻ֪ߵغֻҲδرܸȥ
̧ͷƳһԶĿڼ
˭
һȻĴڣһ˲䣬жðһ˿⣬ܴעͣϣҪô˵ĸ֪ҲԲһ׵鰡ƾһ㣬˵ʵֻ±Զ֮ˡ
˭ôһڣԴҲע⵽˷磬ɫһ䣬ʵ
˭ҪҪǣ֮ն飬ֻ£һ˶뿪˫ֱǰϾĿڵ
ʲô˼ⷽ⻰Χ˶ʱһƬȻĿ򷽴磬Ҿ㣬λƳǳ˵ǧҶǶ֣˲Źġ
ǧôǲһ˿Ц⣬ôԼ۵ģбŮˣ
֣ҪҶôָָߣǱʮֻڸҵǺܺ棬Щ᲻ᱻ˵ŵ
ʮֻ飿
򵥵һ仰ȴǶʱ˵ɫŰˣôһֻ飬ͼ˱ˣʮֻǲǰϣûˣ
ܣûôԶôôģɫҰ׵Ĵ˳
룬ֻǺȺ飬ȴһ㼸ʶûСȻ̫Է񣬴Щ˸ոյĶԻжϳЩĶû˿ѡ
ģС㣬ߣôƬ̵ĹԴҲڸܵ쳣ɫȻһ䣬ȵ
˵֮ǰĻΪŵĻôԴ⻰һȴ˶ףһвˡ
ǻһӵʱߡĿˣȻǲ˵Ͼżһ벻ӡ
ˣѣ㵽ҪΣһ˲䣬ԴҲ㷴Ӧ˹һӵʱ䣬ƾǵʵͲܷɳԶȥٶȣһĿ꣬Ͳ˦ˡ
ȻӵĻмǣԼߣȴʵЩ
ֻǺǶѣǸòΪһĵĳ־ǰɣŵһ˼ӣָ΢Ц


ľ ڶ թ
ıһֱƻĺ꣬ƫƫ˵Ѩϣһ˿һĻᶼûС
һԴųڵѣ㾿Ҫʲôɡ
ԴɵϣֻƬ̵ʱ䣬㵱Ӧ˹֪ʮֻ鼴ȴȻֵܹ˵ûһֶΣЦ
νѣȻҲĴںģôʣԷ󣬶ĳ롣Ϊв۶ԷҪۣʵϣԼҲû̫ѡء˷ʱ䣬һֱԷȵ뿪㣬ΣܵûлȥĲǣ
ִһָĿԴȻ㻹һģϲ˴򽻵
ò˵ֿʵ˲ⶼʲôͷˣȻϾȥϻ˺޵ֻƫƫʱΨһϣڣ˭Ҳҵ
Ҳе㣬絭ڵڵⲻҪʲôǸλܸʲô˺ûĶıֻ꣬¶û취ġ
ввǽ䲻ݷΣֱѹե˵ļޣֶȻЩпᣬȴòϣȷЧ
ոˣСǳǧֻҪƽͻƳǣҪʲôС㶼ܸ㡣Щĺһһʱڵһĸƽϵļơ
˽ӣݷֳһƴߵ飬Դһ漱ڵ
ݷ磡
ǶԴһ֪һ仰УҲ׷ֱȻһ֣֮οݷ緽ԭǼģңйһնĽ档
Ĳ˵ֻǾķ̤ŽѾ÷ؼסˡ
Է̤֮ͬУûһܹݷһ跽ͷʹĸܣǴڵжԵҲòϣݷȷƽУЩͷȴҲֳˡ
Ȼŵ΢ЦĿڵݷ磬ȻǴ˵ǲӦ̹򵹣޺ֳǰԼ䣿
⻰Ŀǿɾ̫˵㣬ǰ׳ҲеĲмˡ
ĿԴ͸һĨĮܱǸǸˣһɱ֡
ɱֳ֣ڵ˲䣬һɿֲɱȻӿϸԼһĨѪɫ·ոմʬɽѪ֮߳Ķħһ㣬˲
ɱ¾Դ
ڳЩȻʵǺǿǺȴǷǳʶģϢһ©̱ó˾׼жϡ
һԴҲһżǰ벽ʥ׵ĴڣȻܹıϳ⵭Ѫɫ֮£̺źεȾɱ¾Դŵ˵ǰ˻ûʥףҲȻ޽ӽʥ׵ǿˣֳڣֻ»ûĸʥ֮µ˸Աʤˡ
ҪǣԷݣɱ֣ȻɣͬиƼͬΪɱ֣¸û˿˼ɿԣ˵ǽ֮ɱˣһԲϣԳֻɱҲȫȻʲôϡ顣
뵽ԴȴҲһ˿η֮⣬ţݣҪȡĸͲĪߵǺͿǲЦ
ôƬ̵ʱ䣬ʮֻҲͬ׷˹Ľڳÿһ˵ߵУһŭţ͸㻹δ֣Ȳһ޿ɵηС
ֻǣƺܵ˷ɱ¾ԴĴڣʮ鵹û̾ͳֻ֣ңң˶ţѰҿɳõĻᷢһ
˿˲Ұ׵ɫȻһĨ΢Цˣλ룬ǵʱ䲻ˣҿûǣЩ̫õʱ䣬λǲóĶĶɡ
ʮ飬˵Ǹ޿ɵĴڣǶķ˵ȴ㲻ʲôвûУʵϣʥ֮£ҲѾûм˻ܹ÷ܵвˡ
ʮԴʯȫǼƷ׾ҧҧڻǷˣڵļϿǲӲӥóôֻµŤͷߣˡ
֪ʲôǼƷ׾ǴʹıϣҲܹƲ⵽Ȼ֮ƷˣֻǣЩȻԶԶ㲻˷θİͷƺصǿԶҪʲôȤĶࡣ
鼫Ʒ𾧣һƷˮ
鼫Ʒ׾
ʮƷ׾

ӷ˳в˾ʹȴȻǲòϵؽ˳ϾЩȣ޹ؽҪġ
ûоʯҽӣһ޽òЩۿĿԼɨԴЩ˵
ǷĴһǷڵȻˣλɣĳ£Ͳλˡ
˵ͬʱ΢΢ջϵɱ¾֮Ҫó·ôһȴǶʱŵɫҰףЦЩ֮ԻûгΪз絲ǰ氡һʧȥ˷ıӻһʱ̣˶ñ˺Ƭ
ɱûʲôֵǮĶ˰ǻòȻصƳǣ˫ʮĲ㣡ҧ촽ߵһʱĴ󺰵
صƳǣǴһ˿ĿڵΪǰ׳ôЩֻ¸ǸǻƳǣССһʥ׵ɱ֣ܻ뿪ô
⻰һȴǶʱΪ֮һͣ⻰ҲûǵݣֻҪصƳǣת־״˰ѷˣޱһɱ֣Ƴǣƨ㡣
ɱѾòʲôˣǰɡҧ촽ѾԼ͸һ˿ۣٴΰ
˵ҲˣԴȴǼԼ˵ģһʱ䣬ȴ϶ðˣҧҧſڵ뿪⽣Ϊǡ
ŶƽҲǼϾĻͷԴһ汦ʵ
ޣ⽣ֳʯԱɣʥǿҲĽ֮С漣ҲὫˡԴʱŭĺǳ
˵㵹Ǹ֡ȻһЦҲ£һ֣ɡ
ȾǳȥŭĿŷ磬Դ
Ϊ㻹иּۻ۵أ͸һĨ֮ɫķʵһ̧ţƱҪ뿪
һȴǽԴԭںĻȫ˻ȥǰľ棬и˼ּۻ۵أһᣬҲһ־ͽ⽣˳ȥģȴǰֶ˵ˡ


ľ  ɱ
ͬʱڣҲŵľʯ˹ȥ¶һЩͲͷˡ
˵Щ֮󣬷ǲĻسŵҲָֻԷ֪ˣϾǵ˺ǣЩҲͬٵģֻҪɨһսʲôᱻԷߡ
ŵ˵һȲԵȵĽףһʼǾɥʧƽȶԻʸֻ׸
ȻȴҲû˭ٿˣͷѾԽһУͬˮץһһ㣬⵾ǲãҲԸֵġ
һ⽣ڣеĶҲ㶼˷У΢һ£־ͽʯյϣͬʱ⽣ץУһĨĽ⣬ȻǷҲһ
ýȻýϧȴ鰵Ͷ
޽ҲͰˣһ仰ȴǳĴˣһ仰ֱûԴԭʧȥ⽣ѾʹˣȻҪһļһ֮䣬̾͸ƴˡ
ô㲻ô¶һ˿Ц⣬ɨԴһۣŵڵˣѣд֣αߣ
µ˲䣬һĨѪɫȻ⽣֮ϣϱǵɫ͸һ֮ĹâȻδ֣ҲȻһԱӵĸо
絹Ҳûзڵ˼⽣һ֣ϵɱ¾֮Ȼǣһ̧һ֮䣬һѪɫĽâƿնһ֮䣬㵱ӲʮԶ
ɱ֮
һսɱ֮ĸƽ˼֣񵥴ʩչȻݷǵǿ棬ԸߺŪһڳЩȴ㹻ˡ
Ҫ۱ԴĴ⣬ɱ¾ԴڷΪϤԴ֮ϣϾԴֻСɣɱ¾Դȴɱһĸµӣܻ̫ǿ󣬵ڱϾԶѰԴԱġ
һ˵ȴʮʮһ֮УǷ籾ʵ̫˵ʥǿߣֻҲûκ˻ỳɡ
գ⼸Ӧ֮󣬷ȴ˿ԥ־ɱУԴɱǵصЩѹ˹ȥ˿ֵء
ǺεȵʵҲ׿ڳΪʥ֮£ݺ޵Уһôֻ黹㶼գ֮䣬ȫѪɫĽâ˽ȥȫûл֮ˡ
ʵϣ⻹Ϊ籾ʵ̫ɱ¾ԴҲδܴ߷ֻ̫ɽЩնɱˣˣҲѾΧ˻ðһ亹ˣ
֮䣬ѹʮֻ飬ֶΣֱѾʥǿˣȻԴҲòϣУܹʥ֮µʵһģҲֻн֮Щĵˣ
뵽ݷ磬Դȴֶʱ˲٣񷽴ĽֳٴΣԸЩﻹóڶһ֮£ʲô鶼ûΪۡ
ҲôһĹ򣬷Ȼ׼ᣬնɱֻ飬⽣ȾѪƸʢ֣ЩҲһ˿⣬תߡ
ֻǣ񣬷ﻹǴˣһսԷ˵ԭ͸ûѶȣΨһҪעľǣһҪƾɱ¾ԴսϾһչֳ׾ͻᱻ˱ϳԴݷĵܵܣϢһݷĶУǣֻʱܲµԼ졣
ȻԴǶһնɱҲ㲻ù˼ˣȻĿǰķ绹û㡣
ո̤죬缱ΪԼһµݣֻߣܾܵˣ͵֮УǰЩɾõѡԷӣȥǷϻˡ
һдһʼ֮ʱʵѾƻˣǿڼвҪ꣬Ҫܵ׫ݸʵһЩЩ˵Ĺ۲δػôϸ£ΪһϸĴ̿ͣαװδؾ󾫲˿Ȿǳʶеĳʶ
ЩȻͲԴܹ׵ˡ
飡һȣһ˿ɱ⣬Ѫⷭӿɲ֮䣬ֻ鱻ɱѪ֮УȴȫȻûմȾϰѪֶΣ˵Īһ˲䣬鸴ӣҪڴս֮󣬳ûٵķɱͷȴǶʱ˲١
һɱǲȷȻܹ֮أǲҪΪϾ˭ҲɱˣȻǻصƳǣֻҲðˣ˼Ҿɱ֣Ͳκ뱳
ֻǣҲתʲôͷˣԽɱԽ˳֣ݺᣬƬ֮䣬ڳֻʣֻ⻹һ֮ǰѾԴƣһֻ顣һշĹƣ಻һӵʱ䣬Ҳܹնɱ飬ⳡսˡ
ֻǣ˭û뵽ǣ⼴սʱ򣬷ȴͻȻˡ
һ⽣Ϊһâع鷽УһеĹʶ˲ȥɱ̼ɢȥ˴롣
˷ʣ㾶ԴЦҿλƺҲԾԾԣȻˣֻ黹λʰˣˣܹٶ£ٶ°ɡ
µ˲䣬Ȼ˾ŭɫҡڵת̤Žˡ
ֻ飬ոռǺֲֶΣﻹȥ׷磬ǰͲ÷뿪ˣǵµǻۣһʧȥ˷вȻ½ĿŵϣֲûЩƺûô˰ɣóԵսĲǡ
һǷ뿪˲䣬ֻʣ˹ȥֻڷ֮ǰ׷ɱ֮Ѿ˴Ƕʣµ˵ȴȻΣ֮Ĵڣһ˲䣬ŭ֮ڶȴҲûκ˸ȥ׷Ϸָ֮ǰѾǵֲ̫ӡ˿𷴿ˡ
ֻԴԼף֮ôҪڽɱǣǳʧȥ׷ٷĻѣǵǿ
뵽֮ǰᵽǸɱݣԴиһ£һֲɱΪУԼмأ
ȴҲѾûʱȥˣʣµֻѾ㹻ͷ۵ˣϾЩУܹ鿹ģҲֻѣ
һۣԴȴҲˣ֣ƽֳ˵κվֻԼʵģԭЩмģȴк塣
ĽĿٴͶ򷽴ʧλãԴǳһǸԭĬĬŵɱ֣Ʊػȵֻ֪֮·ֻŶٵɱ¾Ѫ


ľ  Ʒͨ
죬ǿ֮еĳǳأΨһİȫأڴ˵һδػ뿪ȥ嫵ǿա
ھƷһǣͬѰһֻĬĬĺȾƣ˿ľٶһװҲѾˣôҲ˶עһۡ
ƷӵĵƹⶼЩ谵䣬ҲľƷƳǣľƷȴԲ˴һΧɱħ޵ðߡڷУƺһеľưм֮˾ƣɫ
ȻΣָո̤׵ĶߣΪעĽ㣬پ̴ܾ󣬷ƺΪ˱Ľɫ
ֽ㣬һҾƣҿһûˡ
͵ƿţһӵĴһƨ˷粻ԶԣµĿں
ϣ磬ôˣǰ඼û˵ʲôΣˣѵ߳ΧˣȻӵĴСƷĳͣ⻰һʱ˴˹ʵ
ˣˣҲ֪ôģȻ˰ֻ˳Χ·ײˣᵽӵĴûĿڵۼһ·׷ɱǼ˱Ƶĵͽˡ
⻰һʱ㽫˵ע˹鰡ǿ뿪Χ֮󣬲ſײģǰ벽׵ǿײϣҪԸҲף⻹䵥ģȺģǼֱܶˡ
ֻ鴳ΧȥɲǼС°
˵⣬Ӵɫȴ¶һ˿֮ɫŪ֪˱ûУһĳһǼ˱׷Ǳôһͳȥæˣǲôţ
Īǽֻɱ˲ɣ˵ڿƷ׾ģᵽ˶ʱ˷ƷԴЩձֻʵ˵һʼĲƸˡ
ǿ϶ģĵ˵ͷһӦӵʲô˰һ֣Ļвɵģ
˵֮䣬СĵĴӻͳһĴָСɫʯһּææҴҵһƳҲѾ˱ϳɫʯˡ
ƷԴƷʺ֣ܲǻûбչ
ƷԴ磬Ƿ˱ʴưУ͡һ˲䣬Χ˶ʱ
С£С£һںӣ󺺴󷽵Ļ˻ֵֽ㣬еľǮϣûȹֵܾܺȣܹ
󷽵ľٶʱþƷһƬڣǮҲ㲻ʲôͼϲֲǣ
ϣ˵ģɱҸϺþˡΪֽ޸ЦĽҪҾƶڴȤ
Ȼϣϣ
ˣ磬˵˵飬ôɵģ˶󺺵ʵ˽ģȻѾ˱ԴžȴϾṳ̂벽ʥ׵ĳ̶ȣ˵ָɵһֻ䵥飬ôܣҪ˵ֻǿɾʵˡ
Ҫ˵أһսǲҵĺܣЩβͱɵˣԴ治Ǹǵģ̵̫ˡһҪӵı飬һ죬ż˵Ҫ˵һսȻͺܴ󣬵ȴҲðܻŻʵǡǲ£Щ׷ϵĶЩʲôˣ
΢΢ҡͷһЦȴ˭ˣֻ˵飬ǽԴǱƵһȻһ·ӻ˳ΧҲΪˡ
󺺵ʵһҲͿˣҲǺЩ൱Ҫ˵ʲôãţ˵ҲѾĥĲˣűԴɱ˲Ŷԡ
Ȼߵ˵θڣص˵ô²ģЩУһƳǳ˵ǧС㣬һλǽӣѾ̤벽ʥ׵ǿߡ

ôһ˵˶˳˲Ϊʲôô˷ˣǿɲֻǵõһƷԴʷİЩһѣ˼ֻҪ΢Яһ£Ѿ㹻òˡ
ĽĿ⣬󺺹һЦֵС㿴𣬴ʼۿɾҪȥǷСӱˡ
ǷСӣ
ЩײУǸ˲õλأϾûзǳӲĹϵѰ˿ôȥġȴһ죬ݶʱʹһ˰
ϲ磬ϲ£ǵúúþһҲ֪˭ͷ˶ʱص
ллĹֻ漴ɫһڵˣǻһ£˭ţõĺôԶҪҸ࣡˴֪ģкôԼ̣ⲻ̾˵ô
Ŷʲô£磬˵˵˾ʱΪ֮һæչʵ
ܼ򵥣һ˵ɫ΢һ漴ڵǸɱ֣ԼĪʮӣһ£ɫģ벽׵ʵóɱ¾Դ
˻
⻰һ˲һѾɱ¾Դǿ߰һһɱ֣˲Žֻжʮ꣬Ҳδ̫˱Ĳ˵ٲڳκһܹİ
°һ۾Ϳ˵˼漴˵ҲûҪ˭ԸֻҪṩһʵͣ
⻰һԭηвֶ˼Ǵ򲻹ģֻṩĻǾ׵ĶˣֻҪű˼֪˱ѡ
˵ֵǣν󣬱Ĳ˵ǽҳȥ鶯֣ܻôһĸôĺãҲõղǣ˵ˣҪԸģǳǧͽӣһҵ㻹ģܵɣ
ôһ˵˵˼ȴǲֻ˼֣мԾԾԵĶס󺺣磬˵ϸ㣬ҲҲǡ
ǿûˣô࣬Ѿˣ˵СѾһʦ׼˵Ļˣʱһһһʱҿҡͷ˵һֱڳҳȥʱɵģֻϱǣĸ˭ҪײˣɱЯһֵҡ
ǣǣϢɲǶǷṩôôæ͵һӣֻûָ췢ˡ
ԶȴǲԾһ˿⣬ȻЩ˻ǲȻһ´ͨԼŸյ죬Ͳð
ҪƾץԼδҲ̫ЦһЩ
ҲãϢѾͨǵųˣǿɸûˣǻôʶȤĻĪΪڳͰȫ˲ɣ


ľ  в֣
µĲЩƮԴѾЩԺˣеĵȴûа˥ҲҾ¶ǣֺɾͱжˬˣкСЩϤ׸ոնԼĹάĽͬ˲ιһ㣬ͨ͸泩
գԼԼޣԼת۾ҪΪǷСӵˣ֪ˣɲ֪жˣָϾڳǼôϰڳ뵽Լǰˮ壬ĵķЦݣ󺺲Ц˳иǺŲű߼ʵСһ·żеķȥ
Ȼһ̣δΣ֮ıȴȻһַΣУĺë˲ը˶ʱͣ˽Ųһں֮ᵽ۷塣
ʲôˣ
͸һ˿Ц⣬ںڰ֮УڵӦո㲻ǻһ︻ôôھͲô
ɫӰţСӰ֮УôŬҲ޷巽òֻںɫ֮µɱȴĸֻҪԷԸ⣬ʱȡС
ôһһȴͱɢˣķӦͲ⻰ٲ²ݣҲʵ̫׳˵㣬ֻǣԽףеĿ־Խ޿ƣһɲǼ䣬Ѿʼˡ
ɣôôɵ飬ոջھƹеֻҪ֪˶Է;ԲöԷܵôһĸôһͷײˣ
˭ҪǣҲȥòǰǧ뽣ӶκβãҪͨôһСܹǵ𰡣һַ̣ܵĿ־սںڰ֮еĶԷֱͬǵ֮еĶħʱʱ̿Ŷɻס
ˣҡҾһСɲҵⰡҪҲȥЩôһСɱңҲְ
ͷ󺺵˼άһ±ļ죬ɥ˵ôһȴǵ㷴ˡ
ڳЦҲȥôдһ˿֮⣬絭ķʵ
ǣСľ˼ɱĻһ㣬ȴǲû̱ʲôЦмӸɱ񰡣ǳ֮ڣǽֹɱ¾ģ˼ʲô˰ɱ¾Դİ벽ʥװһһɱ֣Ҫָʲô˼ɲҶ֣ǲӽˮô
һôʣСĵٴν͵С˵˼ǣСʲô㣬дһʶС˵ʲôҰϢй¶ȥǻһ־ͻˣԲĴˡ
ڣﻹ˿ԥ˵Щ֤ˣڷ֤ȥɱǧֻ˿ԥ龰͵ڲҲûʲô𰡡
Цһ£ǳ㵹Ǵ󷽵ĺܣͲ£Щոյֵĸת۾ûô
ᵽ󺺣ҲһʹŸոպò׺ͳǧһĹϵԭΪܹһأһºãʲôûˣЩ˼ȴ˿ұ¶ġ
˵ЦˣСľĵҲҸΪа
Ʋ㵨ӵͦСȻһЦ絭ڵˣҲĸֻҪԹұ֤õЩܱסңܻࡣ
⻰󺺻һûʲôЦѪɱֵĺôôð
ԸܹԼժ̶ֳȵĽ棬ͲʸİһǷǣ𰡣
зڵĻᣬǷǷСӵĻᣬҲԲʲôѰҷȡĻˣⲻԼô
Ϊ㻹˵Ȩôһ䣬ɭȻڣһɲǼ䣬ɱ¾ԴϢ̼佫УϢʱ䣬ֲɱı£ȻѹĹ˵ϣæĵͷҪ˵ȴһֶ²
ۿѹˣŻɢȥɱ¾Ϣڣ㻹ô
ûУСһڴˣ۴ҪСʲôСĶ޶ԴҡĺͲ˹Ƶģ󺺻Ѿ亹͸ˣļֱͲ˸ɵ鰡ˣᵶȥɱˣҲֻҧӦ
ģҪܼ򵥣òôСֵģҪȥƵġ¶һ˿Ц⣬һתʱº࣬ǲҪҵôðֻȥǺˣұ֤Ϣʵģʱ㲻ᱻͷܵõҪĸ㿴ⲻһô
ˣСĲ˰ԭѾЩһˣ⻰ȴǲû޳æ̬ҪʣҾͺ˵ָģɱңҲġ
ʲôʱ˵ʸҵĻ飿Ȼһ䣬ɭȻʵȴǵͰ󺺺滹ûüı֤ȫҭ˻ȥ
ˣ˼ǣ⣬ҲЩתˣ̽ʵ
סˣҪʲôʵʵʲôСĸпܱסôôһ䣬һѽ󺺵ǰ
ǣһΣȴѧˣʲôûҶʣʵʵĽ綪ǰĽ
Ӧ·ɣѽ취ĵ˵ͷڷԸ
û⣡ƳǾУʲôĶֻҪУ϶ȥҪȡһɵѡô˵ҲƳ֮еģЩ飬󺺻ǺϤģſھʵĻش
㵹ףһ˿Ц⣬ڵҲʲô֮ѽҪҿĸ㣬ѽǽϵģҾǼֵǣǱ˷ġֻСʱ͵ö
⻰һ󺺻ʱһ£ͷȫ亹СףǺб֤ġֻǣֻǡ
ҲɵӣдڵķգȻҲһģֻڣܾĻȴôҲ˵ڵİ
ûֻǣ˵һ䣬죬Ҹ飬°ǰ첻ֻԴ͵ûطˡ
вû˿ϰһ仰ͽԷһеĽڶˡ
ȻҲԿѽҵϢȫЩˣǲܱס㡣ֲһ䣬֮ٴ˺ڰ֮У֮һ㣬ôԼ˼ɡ


ľ  У
һƨɵڵϣͬոմˮ̳һѾȫˣͬʱһ뿪Ҳͬ˿ĥôһת۵Ĺ򣬷ѾʧӰˡ
ֻǰѽʵ֤ţոշһжԲǻþ
ô죿һ̣ԭϲ綼Ѿɣʣµȫǿ־ʧ䣬ܷԷӶûп壬ȴòϣԷʵԶܹģͷв֮Ȼڶһ̣Ҳһָӵ֮С
ѾĻòײŴ˳ǧߣҪǷСӱˣһȴڸոǶ̶̵Ƭ֮䳹ɢˣһþɱ֮
һ͵ҧҧ͵Ĵӵҹɫͬһͷ˺ڰ֮С
Ҷƴһѣ

У
죬жǼʢģֹΪл˵νĹƽΪʵ
û磬Ψһܹ֧ģֻǿʵһУһҵЭһûǿʵǾʲôǷֻ֮жһˣҲ죡
Ȼڴ˵ҲͲ֪оźεȵǿ򣬵һȷģǾʮ֮УеĴڣЩ֮УҲȫʥǿ򡣵ֻһ㣬Ѿ˲״ʲôˡ
ƺ֪ожĵ̣Ƴĸӣȴʵʵʥǿߣ˵ǳ˼ˣҲּɵʵټصĵ̣ûʲôǲյġ
һۣͷϴñӣҪסƺŸҽС
Էƺ׵ʵԭȻ޷õ˿ӵģصɣҲû˸СĽƺصĹңļʦ
ֻǲƬ̵ʱ䣬Ǽʦɫ㲻ȻˣǴϱɲĿƺλʵ̫޷Ժȥʾ档
Ѿ㣬⻰ʱ򣬷ƺҲȻһֻǱϵҲû¶˿쳣ֻĬĬ˵ͷǴӦˡ
⽣
֣ӵҲȻüͷһ֮ɫ
ƳǣȻ֪⽣Ҫ˵ʸ񣬵ȴҲպյľˣҪ⽣ǽݷƣ͸ͬܵܵİ
⽣Ƴ֮󣬾Ͳ֪ж˿ţֻݷǿƵļϮɱȴǳ״˲ݵͷȻֻа벽ʥ׵ʵݷʵȴԲܹԳȵģһ֮ǰݷԽնɱʥǿߣʤļңȴվʤˣ
еɾͽȻͬˣʥףֻһͨʥףҲǽȻͬģŵ˵ƾıԴ֮վŲҲܹ֮˵ֺġ
ǣݷȴƫƫƾ̤ŽɣǵˣȻҫۣȴҲʥǿ߹˼ɣǱˣݷнģ죬Ҳ֮ǼϼһǳĻ̣ݷҫŵӣֱǳ谮֮ĸʥ׵ǿߵݷ磬ҪܽЩϼһǵŭɾԲ˵İ
ǣ⽣ȴƫƫͱ͵Уⲻܲ˵һͷʹ飬ȻӵǿҲòԴ
ԥһ£վǸǼʦ̤˷ƺڵķ䡣
δͨݣƽߵƺߣץ⽣ٴ֤һ£ϢʯصϢ޷αװ⽣ȻôһصѰ֮С
⽣ӺεƬ̣ӻǳ˳
ôʲôʱҲҪ׷ʶˣǿѹеĲƺڳһ̬ʵ
ҲգеĹ򲻻Ϊκ˸ı䣬ˣǮ㿪ɡû̫ԥ΢˼һ£ӱɴĿڵ
ݷȻЩѲǱϾҲֱܸԣο˭֪еĹأ˶ŭҲռס
е׼ۣȻɣΨһҪҪ죡ҡҡͷƺͬɴĻش뿪ۣǸͲ֪Ӧô⽣ֿƾĶ̫ԶһЩ
л¶еΡһ£΢΢һºӣſڵɣǧƷԴΪףһԺɡ
ǧƷԴ۸񣬿ίʵƺסˣȻѾ׼Ҳ춼ûܷӳ⻹ǵ׼۰ôһǵһεȿֲ۰
ôһĹѾжϳܶĶˣ΢΢ҡͷв¶һ˿ʧ֮ɫ
ǰԲǶԷƳһܶѣҪжϳԷֻûʲôˣͷҲһţ˵ܲȷԷݶ޹ؽҪ⽣Ȼ׷飬Ҳɽȥͷʹɡ
ôôˣٴɨ˷ƺһۣӵڵԷֶʡ
ȵȣôһ˵ƺʱ㷴Ӧ˹æ׼û⣬ʱ̣죬֮󣬱ᣡ
⵹Ƿƺж༱ȣֻǷʱ̫̰ɼǵֻʱ䣬ĵӣȴǾԲŵĸʲôġ
΢һͣҲˣܾĻǰˣװʵҲǸûоȨģ仰˵ûּۻ۵Ŀܡ
죬ʱ䣬Ŀ൱˼
۶ԷǴõ⽣ԷǳʱоǸ鷳ֻоܿĳ֣ܱ⽫ݷֱϾӽϹҲһ׵飡ǵõϢҲټ̫ĸȥ׼һ֮󣬶ԷԴ˵ĳɹʣƱؾͶࡣ
ͬʱ䣬Ҳ⽣ȥϢˣ仰˵֮󣬾еƯף⽣Ҳǳ׻ˣպȻݷҲֱ˼Ҫ⽣ˣݷǸܣ͸ûǸʸˡ
ת֮䣬ӶǶȡ⽣Ļ֮ȴҲԽĺˣһڼֱϸУҪһЩʯֻҲ˵˼ֻǣöǿҵİԷǸ˲˰
һˣȴҲԥ΢΢ͷԣز䣬ֵּĶҪȡɵѡ
ɣʲôЦһֱһɵôǸôһſھͶҪһɣǿټƷԴƺͼˣҪ֪˵ĿһɰǷ棬ȥô༫ƷԴ磿
ˣϷӣƳ˷ƺһۣӵĿڡ


ľ  ƣ
ž
ɲ֮䣬ԴڷһоԱն飬ԭɾķգ֮ͱһƬ棬վԴǰŽӵϸֱһ亹ߣȻܹ׵ĸܵԴ˿̱ŭ飬ȻѾµˣȴҲʵڲŲ
Сô˵ϢѾƳˣɫĿǰĽӣԴǿеŭʵ
ǣͷƤһ飬ǵӻʵʵĻشʵϣо仰û˵ϢɲֻǴƳǣֻҲѾ촫ˡ
Ȼʵϣ⽣˵ԴҲܹͬµõΪľӢȻİԶԷʵϰߣȻѾ⽣ȻҪԴϴ⽣ģҲֻˣ⽣һļ۸
ֻľٶ˵ȴǸĶ⣡
⽣ݷΪһ㼸¾֪ȴ⽣㶪ˣҲζģʵѾ㹻Ϊ˵Цˣɣ˻ô
ԴŶ˵ݷǸܵܰɣ٣ôͰ⽣ıﶼܱ˶ȥַܳʲô޷Ǿǿݷıӻ£
ֻҪҪĳԴ;Լ˶ҪˣĽܹͣ
ԭͳ⽣ʱҲδؾûдպһٶ˼ԷʵȻǿȴҲûе˾ĵزƾԼδذõԽʵȴҲʲô¡ǣƾ˲룬Ҳû뵽ԷȻ˵ľȻ
⽣ѾԴȻһѽ֣ڱʵкεȵİŵ˵ԴԽսҲʲôϡ£
ǣľԷȻ̵סǾΪУֱӳݺǱѾ˼ɵˡ
ɱ֡뵽ԷݣԴǱѵûйһսô
Ƭ̣Դ漴ݺݵҧҧԸҶУȻҪȥձģҾͲţλ
µҪû⽣Ψһİ취ǴˡȻǴ۾ѪˣⲻܽΣ٣ԷһҪɱģܹȥ
ԴʦַģѾԸȥˣֻҪԷƳ;Ӳ˵ͷǽæش
һȣѾ֪Դ΢΢һЩԥʵҸ磬ҸҲ֪ô
ӦûûУҡҡͷǽ漴˵˼緵أݷʦ־ͱչز˵Ѿʱͻʥ׵Ĺؼʱʱȥġ
һ£ǽ漴˵ֵô󣬳ܰ⽣ûֻǿ϶סġ
ֵô󣬻ס޷Ǿ˰ˣ񲻹ݷڱչ֮УʱȥһϢֻ̾ͻݷĶˣԴû⽣Ҳδؾ
뵽⣬Դбһͷʹô˵ҫɹâĸ磬˵һѹΣҲԸݷʧ񡣾ܰϰߣǳݷ֪ˣҲʲô˵
ҡҡͷЩ߰ͷȫԺԴЩȻʾǽȥֻȴҲԽǷǰֻǵȥҧ¼ɡ
ԴõϢͬʱ鱨ҲͬŵƳǳİͷϡ
ǰаһöָüͷȴʼղһԣΪƳǵƿߣҪõ鱨ҲԶԴϸĶˣ滹һеĽ͡
˵оͺֻǷִ£Ҫһ£ʾضѡ
Ѱ£ҲûаϵԴԼͱ¨ӣȻнȥͷʹǣȴǸŮйأһȻͲ̫һˡ
Ҫ˵ʵԴҲΪ˾ݣŲͳ⽣ȴԴΪ˽ԴԶǳģһʺͿˣô˵ϣҲǵõָϵġ
ȥ⽣˵ݲ鵽ôƬ̣ʵ
شˣѾһЩˡ΢΢ͷشȻԷһαװֽȴ̫䣬̫еĬ鵹ǽչĺ˳ƶϣҲֻǶԷõһܶѡ
ò˵ĵЧʻǷǳߵģõϢĵһʱ䣬Ѿɳ˵飬ȵ鱨ݵϵʱѾ˳Ľˡ
˽зƺԭֻһеð߶ѣƫɣӻصСǣһæСͣ˳ǷСӣ˾Ȼ󵨵ģС֮УʱԿ֮УڷƺȴǱ֮ģŵ˵ƺһСɫѣûвκϽʸ
أüͷһЩȷʵüΪͨ͸ģǶԷӳĿܶѣ̿ҲòʲôȷŰɣȵٴ
ǣͷӦȴҲδԣԷΪƾôһСˣǲŵԼˣССΪٽСģҲվ˵۾
ˣȥһ½ϣ¼ȻСǣУҲȫ֮⣬ܰæͰһ°ɣҲöԷСƳǲǡֻһ仰Ե֮ȴҲࡣ
ܹһеƿˣҲǰһˣһǻеġ
ᵽȴֲɱ뵽ԴԴϲݣǷǳģֻȴһֱδ̬ԴȻҲԺգۼȴʵڻǲ˵ģЩݷǸŻţֻҲѾˡ
ݷȥһ˼磬ȴҲδ˳նɱ۴ˣ֮ͱأ츳ʱ򣬾ʥǿˣֻҪԴܻǸʱݷӣԴĵλȻҲǻˮǴߵġ
̾Ϣһ뵽Դı֣ʱ֮׵ͷ˶˳ȥ
ȻЩ߲˵˼Ѱǰ㲻֪ģƳ֮У˽ֵĻ⣬պյ⽣ʲôļǮʲô˵ЩǮˣĥҪҪ취쵽ε֮ȴ֣ۼ̣ҲԺ̸ʲǣ
ڽⳡƵʼٸߣȴǻһ಼ھ¥гķ򣬰żСˣһþƣȻԵõ·һжûаϵһ


ľ ڰ ʾ
ҹɫ٣⽣ѴķзΪµĵ֮һȴѾڸбһˡ
С㣬үԸЩֹͥԺſڣºȴᶨĿڡ
ƾʲôݵˣСͨĶŵֲߵ⽣ƾʲôҪҵĽգÿҪȥҵʸס
С㣬ǧ֮壬ϴﵽȥ뿪ΧķΧ֮ڣֳôүȥҲΪáūʵʵĴϼ죬µķͷȥˣٳȥ١ִ˹Ľ̻ͣ
Ҳܣ⽣ҲԴ飬ֲͷжԴҲδؾûһ˿ǸΣֻȴôϷġ
һֱڳ̣ͶݵҲ˽ģŭֻƽĿڵС㣬֪밵аԴһѣ飬ѾֵܹǸɱּȻҽ⽣أҲҪǵģ⽣ȻδõĻ˺ôߣֻҲǲܵġ
һ仰˵˼΢һͣȴȻǿԽƱҹȥںСȴûĺ͸Ƶģ˭⽣ģֲҵģʲôϵ
ԴȻ㲻ʲôݷȴԲСӡ΢΢ҡͷ漴ڵôСݣʵڲϳͷˣСϲԴҪүͬ¡
ͬ£⻰ȴǶʱʹùģ
ȻΪε飬ȷԴһЩøУҲһ˿ǸΣһȴҲܳΪͬµɣڵԴֳĻ
ȤʵȤҵΪǸСȻ̸϶㣬Ƕ㵹һӦδر㲻һ¡
ݻԥʱһżϷʵȷʵͻȻһ˲䣬ȴǶʱͥԺеƽ״飬ſڵ͸ǻĺëըһ̤벽ʥ׵ʵȻͷŶĶסӰһģӰ
ʲôˣʶģݱȻ˳
ŲһղĪСôͳ͸żϷ֮⣬ȻӰ߳ȻǵʱӣŲͥȫûа㵣֮ɫ·Ͳǽ䱸ɭϵĳֻԼҵĺ԰ѡ
㣡ôһҲȻϳ˷磬ȻڳȻ֪ΪΣȴȻһִ·Ȼڳǿ֮£Է磬˿ûзء
ݺñȻܹǱҪֻҲ̫ſЩɣв֪ʱѾһɫ̽Ķŷ翪ڵ
ģûж⣬ֻСѣ֮ǰĽ׵ޱȹƽģ˺Ƿǣ˭ҵ鷳͵׼ñ˱ˡ󣬵ƽļ仰̺ɱȴκ˵Ȼû˵ҪαвȴʵЧ
ӱ˵֮ǰķԴǾһƽĽףȻԴ⽣ȴҲͬȴǰնɱ飬ЩҲԲʮֻΧ
ôƬ̵ʱ䣬ĸҲڷߵ쳣Ƭ֮䣬Ƿܹܵĵ벽ʥ׵ǿ߾ʮѾϹˣֻǷȴȻһƬƵӣ·ûвһвŶԡ
˼ңûȥ㣬Ļҿɲұ֤ܲܿƵסԼƤûһ£һ仰ȴȻƴһӲѹ˻ȥ
Ϊ㻹ܻ뿪ôĿŷ磬ͳ˵
ܲ뿪Ȳ˵ҿԱ֤סҳ֡͸һ˿Ц⣬һȻһӰ쵽µٶȣգ֮ݵǰһ˿ֵĻᶼûУݶϵ黨Ȼ˷С
һĶ̽ȴֻǻٵһӰѡ
һĽֶ쵽˼£һµʱҲŲȥ˼ʱѣƬ̵תȴǶʱ͵ĳ˹ȵףһ
㿴˵ˣסҵġȻһ˿Ц⣬Ȼڣа黨·ֻһ΢顣
Ȼܹȡ黨ôȻҲȡݵԴһɱ˵ⲢѣݻѾЩ˰벽ʥ׵ǿ߶ǳ
ݾҪʲôƱѹȴȻϷݵʵԻǵ𾴣ǱˣƳǣ˸Ѿ̤ʥףܹĵط
ѣڻǰ͵ܵȴޱȼᶨ˺С㣬Ҹұ֤֮ء
ֻһɱ֣һڱֵɱ֣Ūе黨Ҵ֣˳㹻ı꣬ߡҪˣвҡ
⻰һΧ˶Ϊ֮һ͡ɱ֣û򵥵־ѾڹͺܶණˣѰвһɱ˵㲻ʲôɱ֣һְҵ
ΰĳˡ¶һ˿ζ֮⣬ŵ΢ЦҵȻĴ澴ģ㿴רŵʱ䣬ȴ뻹Ǵ˼Ļᣬź
ޣרڵʱ򣬲Ÿɣ
˵Щȴûκ尡˼Ҿרűܿ˳Σò˵ڵľѾԿƵ˶ԷĿ֮С
ˣɫˣҾͲŸλϢˡʼ磬ȻڵȻ֮ǰλɢ˰ɡ
ȫû˿˼ôһȻļơ
ܣͬʱǳ
ֻδ£ӰٴȻһ׽ĲӰͬʱһֻϵ黨Ҳͬ˷Уͬʱʳָָָ֮䣬ճһԣȴԵøΪۡ
Ҿã黨ǴճһԱȽϺÿλΪأһɵɱɢвλΪ黨СԴϱȽƯ
Դϣ٣ʱȻΪ黨ٻȥôΨһĴ𰸾ͬݵԴһժĺɾԲ˭ܳеġ
Ҫ˵ֹķչֳٶʵ̫ˣʥǿڣû˭˭ܹȷɱ˵ٶȸ죡
΢ԥһ£վǿɬҡͷҶɢˣλó·
Ȼ粢ûаѵݵĲϣĽȴҲѾһ޶ˣʱ򣬳Ǹݵû˸Υ淽˼ˡ
ȫԶȥ¶һߣŵǷС㣬ܱǸŵˣϣܼ֮סңҪʲôɵ£һ黨ˣϣԶаٻĻᡣ
µ˲䣬ٴλһģĲӰգ֮䣬뿪˳


ľ ھ ʼɣƻ
޽ӽʥףóٶ밵ɱˡвѾʥ֮ˡ뵽ǹȰĳݵĲãͿЦһ£ѯʣڻ˵ۡ
ܲϣȴòϣһɱ֣ʵֲ̫ˣ֮ܽһֻҪԷһΪ޴Զ˲˵˵ѵÿʱÿ̶ô
ֱʵǿᣬӵӴ˵ʲôܹͷʹˣǣò˵췽ôһȴصһ⡣
ɱ֣Ľ֣Щ˲һڰ֮Уôܱвκĺˡ
ʱİָѾѷ죬ԭǴݵҲ¶һĨ˵ĺ⣬ãڻǻԸǸɱֵͨ˰ɡ
ԭѾĲ룬ǵӿ˵仰ʱ򣬼ǸһӵҲȻɫ䣬͸һĨ֮ɫ
һ̫ȷѪ꣬һĵλʵ˵Ǵӵ˵Ѫ̤֮ģй벽ǣ񣬽һССɱ֣ѵҪòô
ԥһ£ڻûסˣȻڸ˶ӣֻѾȥˣĻС˴ôūҲ⼸ʱ䣬СҲˣ˰
ˣһֱ֣Ӵ͵Ļ˵зִ磬˵ȥǣԡ
ۼѾ˾ϣЩ⣬ȴҲվûٶ˵̾ϢһĬĬ˳ȥѾ˰ɡ
뿪֮󲻾ãеİָȻΪһۣ¶һ˿⣬һ˿ɭȻɱȻδһۣϤߣףȻɱ

ڣȻô飬ȴվ޷ȥģʱ䣬ϢͬһΪƳ˲෹ǲĻ֮һȻҲǰŰɣҲֻѣȻϢԴȽϹģȴǲòˣһҹ֮ԭǸɱֵͨȡһѾ㹻˵һˡ
ų򣡡ǰıѾױˤˣǰʾһЭץסɱ֣һתۣȻͱסˣкû򣬾ֱӽͨˡⲻųʲôǳưһأ˾ȻҲʥףֱǳ裬ʥǿߵĳ衣
ԥһ£Դ̾ϢһϣҲȫˣǸɱֵֶǼģȷֲ֮ˣһҪ֣ȻҲδܹסС漡
һɭȻƫҾͲˣΪһŮˣ㾹Ȼܰ⽣ͳ㵹ǺôǣȻΪ飡浱Ϸ˷Ϊ˰ô˽ᣬи˵ʱ򡣡
⣬Դʱᣬ⽣ǼҶˣ͸ʲôˣҲûʲôϵгеǡ
геЦɫһ䣬ϲмЦסˣҽˣһһŽԼ¶ˣҽɶˣοߣӦ
صĻȻû˵꣬ԴȴҲϵ˼˽֮⣬ִҪԭ򣬻ݷ硣
ΪһɫţݷѾ˽ı־ڶļ̳ˣ̤Žƣн˶ǳֻҪݷɳȻΪĴڡ
ݷӣԼ˵۰֮ģһڱأ֪ϢֻҲȻԸˡ
Ȼˣǲݷ֮ưոݣ˵Ǩŭʲôˣٻݷν˷ʱ뾫ǱȻģΪһ㣬ҲҪ顣
Цһ£ԴһȻȴҲٶ磬ĬĬת뿪ܲϣȴޱȵŬ֮ͬбֵĶɫǸҫɹâĸǰһжǲֵһС¶ѡڽ˵У˵ļֵֻ»ݷһָͷ
ô
Դ뿪֮󲻾ãһںڰ֮еӰĳ֣żϷʵĿڣȴֱԴĵ
˵ʲôԴĶסķȵ
ôֻ֤η塣ӰеȻϷʣģ·ⲻһԶ׼һ㣬֪˵ʲôûκ˶
˵һ˲䣬ԴɫòҰףȴӲ
޵һ£ͻѸѿֱԼ޷ٿƣ֪ҵݣӦ֪Ϊһɱ֣ұκ˸ֳޡɭЦȻֻڶԣȻ֮ȴš
ɫ԰ֽҪȻʹģһڣȴʱһ䡣
Ѿ⽣ڻô
û˶Ľһ磬Ľ˵õĺôõλЩڱ˿ϰΪ飬ǶԴ˵ȴʮʮħݷһֱܺãȴ֪ʲôʱȻ˳޵ӡ
ݵ˵Ϊ˶٣Ҳʼնûйʲôɫ˵ӦʲôˡǣݷأԶܷԴܹݵ֮׵ģݷ磬ݸͲ˿ܾҲ˷̴ܵӦŻ£
ǣվݷ磬⽣ĴۣȻݣҲͬı䲻˽֡
ѵúô
ЩԭӦöĵףȻô򵥵ļ仰ȴǳ׽һжˣ
£ޱȵףΪݷĹϵ˵Ūһѽ棬Ҳ˶һۡ
ҲôֻǸһᣬһ㣬׷ŲĻᡣ֮УȻֱ͸飬˸޷ܾ
ܣƭңⲻܣԴҡͷָڿۣһĨѪۡ
ܷߺޣտǣȴƫƫǳ֪׷ݷĽŲٺõԴٶʱ䣬ҲԶ׷ǸŸĽŲΪݷϵҲ̤Ž򣬿һʱ䣬̤ŽżûͬĲݷ죬Ѿʼ̤Žˡ
츳ԣЩ˵ȴʵʵڵĴڣκ˾
£ȻǲܵġǣأЦ͸ޱȵɭջ󣬡֪ģҫ۵ţˣҲʲôǡΪأ


ľ ʮ ֣
ħϤµħֻܷôһ˵ǶԴ˵ȴ·һϵڶлصԭǳޣҲûҪɱݷ磬ǣ񷽴򵥵һ仰ȴͬ˶ħһͷ˳
ûʲôţֻҪˣǾûκֵˣʱѹͷϵɽȻʧˡ
УԲУȻջȻ̣Դȴվһ˿ǵģĲ˵ݷ粻ˣʵ츳ڽ֮Ҳһͨӣﻹܵˣִʱֻ¸ԽıƲˣǵòʧ
ڵ㲻ǿô¶һ˿Ц⣬ƻģҼȻܹĵһУҶ԰
ңܰʲôĶŷ磬ԴмĿڵȻжݷֵĶʼǳޣȴҲòϣݷǼõģֻҪܹ뵽ʵķݷ綼Բ
صɱֺǿǣԴ֪ݷȴվǲ̫࣬ݷ綼飬ѵôһصɱ־ôֱЦ
㲻ôЦԽĲãҪ֪һɱ֣Ϊһɱ֣̫ķˣЩÿһܹģ
ָ㣬ָϣ˲Ϣ֮һѪѪΣΣҪǣ̺ɱ¾ԴһҪĳ嶯ûôһѪɫ֮УȻ̺ſֲɱ¾Դǿ
һ˲䣬ԴͫҲȻһзһ˿ŵɫ
ûûпɱ¾Դӣ͸һ˿õЦݣ绺ڵֻҪԸ⣬ʱ԰㣬ܹڶʱɱ¾Դɣ˴ɱ¾Դʥ˰ɣ
ʥ׶ڶκ˵ⶼһµջκ˷ջ
죬ֻҪܹΪʥףҲκӵʸֻҪ̤ʥףڽ֮УԴҲʱõһαʵķԾʱ򣬼ûݷ磬Ҳܹ׵㡣
ǣ̤ʥף̸װ
ݷİҲͬû˿İܹ̤ʥôĻֺα˷Ƕʼɣ
ɱ¾ԴҲһܹ̤ʥ׵ģԴҡͬ˹һ㣬ԴѾĶȴȻЩη塣

գ֮䣬ȻһĻ棬ڷĿ裡
ػһ̣ȻԴѾ׼ҲˣͼʶȻףµĿػ֮ζʲôǵֻĵʦŻѤĿػ֮
ڣ㹻ôǴһ˿Ц⣬Ȼڵ
һʦ㹻£Ժ޹˼ɵĽ˵ʵܴڵļޣһЩ˵ĵʦܹƳֱӽһʥףȻȴ˵еĵʦû˭Դ˵Ѿ㹻ˣ
ӵıԴһʦİȷɵİܹ˳̤ʥˣ
ɣ֣ѾκΪ֮ˣ
죬ƷԴ֮󣬾ΪƷԴܹٽڱԴ䵱ƷԴ˵ʦУ֮һҩģƳĵҩЧκۺ죡ŵ˵ÿһȵҩĵʦݺһΪκһϱ
Ȼĵʦʵ̫ˣٵԽҲûĵʦòѼĴͨһЩȥҩ
ı֤Դ˵Ѿ㹻ˣ벻ףӵʵ뵤֮ķ磬ΪʲôҪһɱ֡
һ󷢸ɣԴԥһ£ڻǻڵ㵽Ҫʲô
κ¶д۵ģԴٴҲţԷôĵ޳һŪٺõҲҴӦ
ܼ򵥣ҵʦ뽣е𡭡Ĵӿ˵ôһ仰ȴ͸һĨѪɫȻͨȴҲɸΪ֮ҪļƷԴдҩģ
͸һ˿֮ɫ˵ҪǣûκһԸΪȥ뽣ΪУϾȻͨĵʦԽĺ蹵
⻰һԴʱҲЩˣ
һͨ˹ȻҪҪ뽣ΪУôκֻ¶Ҫֹ˼ˣһʱķܻû⣬ҪݣǾ޿ܵģ
ˣҪ𣬶ԷܹѡΨһʽǳΪһɱ֣ˣ
һһҲ㶼Խ͵ͨˣ
󣬻бԼʺϵѡôڽûйУʵֲлżĶʼޣƫƫλܸߣܶ˸޷顣
ҪҰ󣿡Ƭ̣Դʵ
һ㲻ϵʵǾʹڿʼ⽣Ὺʼһ͸ЩϼһǵղӦöǳɣ룬ǷղأҶ˰ɣû˿ԥڣ֮ɱ
ҪĽˣԴȻҲݷڽ壡
ҪûʲôȳݷõķʽˣΪһļ̳ˣ̤ŽľţնɱݷýδĽ궼Իˡ
˵һеĴ۾Ǳѽ󡭡ǸСͶãȴҲ޾ħĸ磡
һжֻõҲֻܰԷɣ
һĶŷ磬ԴѾҵǲǣ
û֮ӣҴӼǰѾעˣֻһβҵʵĻֻܰҪһУͬҲֻңܸҪһС
͸һ˿˹ƻ΢Цٴοڵְɣǵʵһֱ̤Ž̤۷壬ѵ㻹ûĶôҪңҲΪηյųңܿ죬죬˹Ŀ࿴ҲǸǧ𣡡
ʣһ仰ʵĻԴѨҲ״һеĹǣ
ݣǸŮˣȴʼղϻͷ࿴һֻۣҪǰ֣ܵõҪһУȻҲݡȻһ·ض˾Σգȴһη壡
ãҴӦ㣡ȭԴ͸һ˿âݺݵĿڵҪʲô
ֵܣܿ죬ͻ֣ᷢһ֪ޱȵľңҪһжǰˣֻҪ΢֣ܵõԴļ򣬷Цŵ


ľ ʮһ ⽣
ʱ䲻ת˲ţգ۾ǿʼʱˡ
ȻʱĲƽҡڵȥʾһҾȻݶˣĽκ˶û뵽ģƾһ㣬ѾõЩǿǵˡ
֮󣬳ãȻĵ׷飬ƳȻ󲨣ֻǣЩ飬ڷƺ˵ƺ̫ԶһЩģ֪һУȴҲֻʵʵĴţװһж벻ӡ
ΨһҵǣƺҲһֱûע⵽˶ڷƺ˵΢һЩ˼֮ǰЩαװҲǺõôܹ˳죬˵ܹһ٣ܵõһЩôأ
뵽Щƺһȣֻ֪ҰοѣڽĿ־Ҳ˼֡
ͬһһۣߣҹɫҴжȥ
ãӴˣѾΪԤ˹ó˵ƣƺõ˷ǳ߹ĽӴڷƺ˵Ϊ⽣ⱲӿҲûĴ
дżм˷η壬ƺװһ벻ӣҡڵĸ̴3ŹѾ׼СòŮһκҪ̬÷ƺһƬȣǷݿ־Ȼƣֻʱصһ˵
ȥɡ͵Ļӻ֣ǿеʹŮˣƺһƨϣڴڵĴһܵĺ顣
дֱܹӿ龰ȴ޷һУǰбƣֻҪϵıƣͻԶ֣һжһ˷ܸУһ̣ƺвĳ嶯
ֻǣĳ嶯ȴҲֻĵףϾԼ˵ԼҲ޷֧һϵ֡
ЩƺԥƬ̣ڻߵĸһڣζ·һûƷģһʱ䣬ѾΧһУҲ־塣
棬ѾˣȻԴݲˣҲѾ˹
ϵɫȻģʱڣѾ˽ƳڵһȴվûҵǸɱ˿ӰҲζţҪῪʼ֮ǰû⽣̳ˣῪʼ˲䣬⽣ʵѾƯ׳֮ԽǿᣬҲΪˡ
޺޵ĵԴһۣסˣһҪҶˣزöԷ
ģǵѾ׼ˣеҲѾĬˣΨһҪǾԲ֮ж֡ǷǷǽش
΢˵ͷ˵޷ӵʵ֮ϣ˼ҵĵطӻҪġ
ˣԴһСŵ㣬ûҵķԸ׼㶯֣ɲҪûס˼ҵʡɨԴһۣ϶񶾵ļ
ԴʵǷǳģ˵ǰ벽ʥףʵϣʱ⽣жԷȻܹݳôʵ;ԶԴ֮ϣһöԷĽԴסǿ»鷳ˣϾȻڲмҲǲԴԼǰġ
һǺ죬ԴĻȴƫƫһ䷴Ļ˵
˵֮䣬ҲȻʼ֮ǰųĶȻҲϡȴҲԶԶ޷ﵽ϶ݵĵز˿ȤûУôĺȴʱš
ͬһʱ䣬һŹ֮УĬĬţˣȻȻӡ
ˣǳסЩҥɣҲ˵һ仰ЦĿźȻڡ
㲻ҥԣµġһϣȴûаڣ
һЦȴҲپǸܵȤʱ򣬾Ȼ˼Դȡ
ǽʾŹڵһУЩЦҡͷ˵
ССֻ»ΪɹƭءĿŷƺĳ̬ĵĿڵҸģĻ֮˵֪кϢô
ԣҲ΢΢һͣЦ˵ЦˣǵĹϵ͸ô
һۣȴҲûٶ˵ʵҲ£򲻵ǲӷģӣҲη̬ҲӿװĶѣ
Ҳ⣬ֻҪץסСߣȻܹõҪĴ𰸡ȻһЦ漴ڵǶԷһԴֻҪһֵֶ֣Σѵ˲ɣ
һ£Ӽ˵οֻ˱ָΪļǡ
⻰ҲûҪŭ½ˣ֮ϲŶԣƳǵĿȻҲڲԶĹڣԴţͬǲݵļơ
΢ԥһ£ǻҡͷӺսıָֻ»δסԷ
ϣΪΣֻϤȴΪӣƺ֮жٴżֱ⣬ѰȴǾԲҺڵġ
ֶɱ֣ǺøߵۡЩ⣬ȻһЦ
ܹҸȥһ㣬ɼʵһ£漴οַʽʾҲһܹĳġ
ϧȻˣӽȤ˵Ҳ벻ȥͨĳˣȻΪԳְɣвˣ̣Ǵˡ
һδ粵ҲĬˣò˵вȴһɱЧвʽ֮һѰˣֻ¼㲻òҲҪ漸ֹ˼ˣȻ˵ȴֱһЦܼ򵥵ıסҲǴʬɽѪ֮߳ˡ
ͨҲδؾһòˣ
˵νֻͨһʽѣûκӰ죬ΪͲţǿߣΪ˵ͨ¶вԴʾԻԷ
һ˿⣬ȴѾɱģһһץԷƱҪѣвƳǵĳôױвô˸˳ԣպ˭ͷвһˣ
˼ߵδܿףǸսıδܿȴһͿ˼ˣҲһŹˡ
ת֮䣬֮ǰѾѹ⽣ҲǧƷԴĵ׼۱ᵽչ̨ġ
һ˲䣬˵Ŀⶼͣһ⽣ϣ


ľ ʮ ۣ

֮Ȼ𣬼ʦγ⽣˲䣬һĨɭ͸֮Լ͸ɫΣޱ֤ʵĲʣʯִߣʯƶɼҲǶһ޶Ĳʡ
⽣μˣ඼ǳ⽣ģȻۿ⽣˲䣬ȺǲƵķ˷ܵĹâ޲ھͰ⽣Ϊвźá
üȻ֮УԴɫȻ࣬µ˲仯Ϊۣûκ˱˿Ϊˣе⽣ֱÿʱÿ̶İ
ûõĶʵһ㣡޺޵ɨԴһۣε֮ɫ⽣ԭԴģֻҪݷ绹һգû˸ᣡۺ죬ҲֻܿſǣľȻᱻԴŪ⻹Ƿʲô
ȻЩҲֻ˵˵һܹû⽣ҲͬҾΪУֻʵϽȴݷ֮ȻǹˣôĿܣҲ⽣Դϡ
뵽⣬ιΪʥǿߣҲһ󼵶ʣСӵöõ̯һø簡
Ҫ֪ݷ绹δ̤ʥףҲһϵʤʣݷһαչصܹͻƵʥףôݷǰֵضУ
޴Ĳ࣬˿ʼɵˣΪǲʵ̫ˣ
ֻǣԼҲû֣Ծ䣬ѾݲĶʼɼӱ䵽ԴϣʵϣĵҲˣǸʼݷͷǶԴȴԽĲмЩͽԴˣҲͬԴҲС
ھУԴĸҲ֪ˣһ̣Դ˼ϼһ
ԴȻգȴվû˵ЦЦٴνĿŵУôƬ̵Ĺ⽣ļ۸Ѿ˽5000Դĵز
ԥһ£ڻĬľ˰ǧԴӣ
Ȼ뻨Ǯ뵽ݷ磬ȴҧҧӣܹЩۻݷĺøУô۶ԴҲֵõģϾʣֻҪݷ粻պȻˡ
ǧԴ
һ൱ֲˣϣȻôһ۸Ҳȫһ£
ǧԴţ6ŹĹͣȻ˰ǧԴļ۸񣡴һҪԥôʱʧʧұҲҵһ⽣ˣʦͬ˴ҩһ㣬˷ܵߺţÿһ㣬ɾζţõıͻ֮һЩ
ǧԴʮʱ䣬Ĺ˱˸ߵļ۸ֱӴһں˵Ļ롣
٣ǧԴЦһ̧ͷǱߵĹʲôˣ
֣ɾͲصˣЩɶǻܣ˵ǿеˣϵҲ𰡡ЦеĹ˹֣ȴǺԥһھͻؾˡ
ƺһҲûټ׷ʣνĹҲǷ˵ģĵλЩӰʵЩǣǿȻҲһ̬ȵı棬ǾǣУκϵ
˵ҲѾҪˣܹѾ㹻ˣָг׵Ҳǲܵģ٣λԶԶ
ֺαЩ۸еԽߣ˵ɾԽкôƺ⻺һգ漴ЦеĿڵ
⻰ɾ˵Ŀˣݣô༫ƷԴҲĶˣοõǮõĵʲôˣֻҪǸĻɱҲˣǵһ飬ʾͨʱ򣬿оѾͷĲǱ˴ƶˡ
ȻѾƭ˹ȥ¸Ͳ෴ģȴ˿ûй˼ӵ˼
һԴ
Ҵ֮Уܿ⽣ļ۸ѾͻһĴأ
ļ۸˭жòһˣҪ֪ƷԴǿֱղİȻûеʦƣʥ֮ǺյģǶʥǿ˵ǲһˣƷԴļ۸֮ԾӸ߲£Ϊʥǿ߶ľ޴ģ
۸ҲѾò˽
ڽ˵ǲɹǮ⽣ģˣҪֻԼǮǿɾһˣΪʥǿߣҲ˸߰Ĵۣ
ˣ̾Ϣһ͸һ˿֮⣬󷽵ϷҲѾˣ⽣עԵˣΪ֮ɡ
⽣뷨ε˲٣漴ֵǱʾ޴ԴϾֻҪܻɱǸصɱ֣ЩԴܲˣʥ׵ʵֻҪԷҳ֣ѵò¶ԷɣֱЦ
ˣεҲ̫ģ֪ϢģҲǽ󣬳ԼУ
ǲǸɱ֣ͨˣΪǣУȻǿ󣬵ǣȴǲģȻٹأҲԲ˵ģĸԲΪһ⽣ģ
һĸ֣ͷԣȵǷӳʱɱѾԼնɱˣ˵ԼᣬǿɾζΪˣκֻҲ˶ӡ
뵽⣬һȣԽˡ
ϸȴҲϸ⽣ԴҪ˵Ŀ֮Уһһǧ˰ټƷԴۣ
⽣ȴҲûй˼ɣֵɳ˵ע´Ƶı飬ȡ⽣
񹬣Ȼǣ˶ԷεĿ֮Ҳ͸һĨɱ뽣ͬҲͬ֮һ뽣󲻺ȴҲѾõģһΣ⽣䵽ԷУȴҲĴ˽һ⣡
ȻҲֻŻ˺˼ɵģȡ⽣˿⽣档
ЦһȴҲվû¶棬¼ȻˣȻԴеֻҪܼ飬ɱԴж⽣ɱ֣Ѿ´ˡ
Ҷһ㣬ɱٳʲôһȻŷƺڵĹȥϢԭҲӹ͸©ģ
3Źƺ˫߬½ǣվһƵӣȴѾ˹ģ˵ΣյʱͦȥˣȻʲôΣնûˣȥֻ̾ˣ
ľǧİʮƷԴأѾɵķӣЩպáרŵԱڽʮ벽ʥ׵Ļ֮£Դķŵ˷ƺǰһƬƷԴѳһСɽӳ۾ۡ


ľ ʮ ı
ôãһ˲䣬ƺɵˣڵ˼άûйĸƷԴȻҲòµʱ
ļƷԴ˸ŸɫĹ⻪ôǰֳκϢҪ֪һĶľ޴Ƹ˵緮ƺСˡ
ŷƺľ̬Ż룬ûпռôЩԴɾͲˡ
ռƺ΢΢һͣڷӦ˹ʥǿ֮Уȷſռ˵ɿռ䱾Դɵǿƶɣ̺żΪӵĿռ䱾Դޱȣ
ʥף߼Ϊǿİ벽ʥףûõ𡣷ƺ˵Ҳһ׵СѣпռֶȻһ¾ɵˡ
ƺķӦҲ죬˸漴мĵŵһУѵһռòôϵĿռѾ˶ﻹܷŵ¡
ȻûпռȴҲ֪ռĿռһ㶼ʮ׵ĿռѾѵһļƷˣʴ˲ôһ˵
Цһ£ȴҲҴֻǵƷռһټƷԴǹټۼȻû׼У㰴ټۣһˡ
⻰ҲûʲôٵģƷռȷ۸߰ҲôˣƺȴҲûʲôԥͷӦȴ֪ԭӽ̽
ôһʵĽףΪȻҪṩռģôֱӰԴѾ۸˵ľٶˣǷƺֻµҪ䳰ȷȥˡ
ϧЩȴǷƺС˽ˣ˼άֵһټƷԴĿռȷǲֱҪģǮҲûʲôңһнܣҲͬâڱԸٶͣƬˡ
˵Ĺ򣬱ǰɿĽϵԴ˿ռУȻ˵õһԴֱӿ۵˵ġ
Ƴǿɲ̫̫ƽţɾҪСˡĵһ䣬һ֣תȻ뿪˷䣬Ϊֹ±Ѿûйϵ˵λôǾͲܹܵˡ
ƺҲɵȻҲӿ֮⣬ֻʱȴҲûκ·ˣֻӲͷƤռ˹һţ뿪С
ˣ
ڷƺ޲ʱѾĸȻЩͲǳܹ֪ˡ
ֻǣǸصɱ֣һʱ䣬֮ȴҲ̶ȥݾߣϾЩԴɱǸصɱֲŸΪҪ
һʱ䣬ξô׺ڷƺһֱ߳ȥȴƫƫû˿쳣
ιȻȵķƺ඼Ҫˣ統Լľ죬ôĶȻŷһ֪ǣ߳ôԶȴҲȻûгֵĺۼܹ£
Ȼȫûиܵ˸٣ֱܵΣУȴǸԴǸֻаЩͳȥܽԼΣ£ȻǲһؼҵģװңֻҪôڸֵεвŷ֡
ϣѾһʱˣҿɱֶǸˡۿʱţ̲סСڵϣҹζడǽԴ˵ȫûһ֮ģֻҲǲռ˸ȣٲ֣ǿɾˣ
˾ô򵥵ļˣ˵ȴǸľף
һ󲻰Ƕʱ¶һ˿֮⣬ٵˣͶֳǶԷҪЩԴˣҪֵģҵҪʲô
µ˲䣬мӰȻ˷ƺߣ
ǣһ˲䣬ƺȻɫ䣬˲û⼸Χˣһɫȫǰ벽ʥװ
һΪˣɭȻڵ㲻ǸСҪνķֻ¶ĲǶС
ǹ⣬ƺԼΪһᣬ˵Σգܻδ֣ȴǸ֪֮ԼԷһжӲ
һˣƺȴҲһѾͽռ˹ȥһ˿ŵӣʲôˣҶ֪ǷŹңҾһСκϲЩ鰡
ˣ˻ãʱɱһڷԸһ䣬ʱǰһƾͽƺ˹ȥ
ϣǿռû˿ԥһת˱㹧Ľռʵεǰ
ܺãһȣεҪȥӿռǽɱɱãһжԼģϽ಻Ǹ⼸·һȺȾСһʾ޴ƸǶ˵Ҳ֮ͬ
һȣֵͬʱԴͻȻڵϣԴϾ⽣ãҪҲߣһҾС
һ룿ԴĻβЦСӽˮ˰ɣʲô⽣⽣ǴȥģɲȥҰɱɱ֣ͷ㲻ҲͰˣȻҿðвԴ٣ĪΪиø磬޼ɵô
һȴõģݷڣҲ򲻻ȥԴȻݷ˵ҲͿЩֵļƷԴ
Ȼο˵˲䣬ݸռȴȻһ㺮Ȼ׼ޱȵĵεʺ
ۣ
һʵ̫ˣ쵽ʥ׵ʵҲûܵĻᣬһУεʺϿһѪڣѪȻȾѪ
ֻǣϾʥ״ڣһվ޷˲ɱܴأȴȻһ˿ȥֻһĨŵɫĶǰ£ôҲ޷ţԭԼ£ΪʲôͻȻı֮٣
Ȼûʣһâҹǡŵϣ·һжǾļһ㣡
ԴһθûͷαȻӦ˹֮춯أҲû뵽ôһԼмļһȻҶԼֶңȻܹôʱͨԼ¡
ϣĹˣȴѹˣȻԴһ붼ϷָңͲҪĺˣΣԴɭȻڵȻʥףǽܵشмս
ΪƾܶԸЩôһԸҪɱǣһΣе
е˹Цһ£͵Ϯ˵ϣǺͿ˰ɣԴݷʦֵİܣɱڳЩ˰ڣɱһܻ
⻰һԭҪֵЩȴҲʱԥԴʲôݷֵȴʵ̫ǿˣԶܹѹסġ
λʦֵǣɱΣֻ֪ҪƵɱֵϾ֤һ󻼶УңҿɲΣЩԴԲ˽̣ЩˣзݣԲ˭һݡָ֮췢ģԴһصĿڣȴҲصһ


ľ ʮ һУƮȻԶݣ
Χɱ
ƾβ룬ҲûвµԼȻᱻôһΧɱңķʽı̫ͻȻˣͻȻ˸ӦҲȫġ
գҲʲôЩȻ࣬ȴҲվֻǰ벽ʥ׶ѣʵǰ˷ǣȴǽȻͬģα͵ϮϵѾأݲսˣ£ʮ벽׵ǿΧĿܻˡ
ǿ֪ǽ֮±©ǻʲô³ɭȻˣεɱһһٵв
вôĿΣԴݵϣҲʼôģζû뿪ġ
Ȼݷ磬ԴƺͲֵһᣬȴζԴɵӣʵϣں̶ܴϣҪļֶΣԴҪθݣֻǾʵϵĲȴͲЩֲˡ
ˣֻҪõһᣬܹɾκ˾̾ˡڣʣԴѾҵˡ
žžž
Դ˶ŵʱһĹȴȻӲԶĿͻȻ죬һ˲㽫˵ע˹ȥ
˲𣬺úݵư̾Ϣһż֮⣬ڻ˵ߵУгһ·棬˵ĿһеķֱˣƵ˾ʩʩȻ
˲ȸں
ûҪ룬ȴòϣĳʵ̫˵ˣΣҲһݣ龰£Ȼܹ뵽һаԼԤƵݣôԼǸصɱʱͻݶЩԴԼգȴҲվܸλƳǵĳģҲԲԼô
仰˵ûԴԼЩµıѣЩԴҲͬԼģ뵽⣬ʥǿߵݣҲһɬ
αϾͬڳˣ˲Ĳʺб漴ƽô˵ʱ֣ȴվǾһġ
֣ϷҲˣЩԴˣֻҽЩһ򾡣ҧҧγڣɴĽе档
ôֻҲһǴһ˿Ц⣬Σֻһ̤䣬Դǰȥλؾǽһеɱְɣһᡣ
⻰һڣ˲һŵĿԴǰˡ
˵ʲôʲôɱ֣Ҳ⻰һ˺ɫ΢ЩףЩҵı
˼ôȵز»ҪװȥĪΪĳôƭôһ˿ɫɭȻڵԴȻҲЩֶΣܾɵĲֻ֣òΨһпһеˣֻ㣬صɱվڵжԵϣһǲò˵Ӯҵ𾴡
˵Щʲôл벻֮ɫԽ˼֣ٴκ˼ſڵˣˣǽĵӣһ˶֪ȻΪһĹô
ȻԴæټϾͨǾδز˰ɣ͸һ˿ɫɭȻڵȻ֮һֱأ˵ɱֽУܹġ
⣬ԴɫҲ䣬Ķˣҽ£޹أԴߣ͵ʲô鶼ûзǣαɱֹ᣿
ԴҲǼоģЩƷԴȻãҲȥòǣ֮ǰ͵ϮΣһ߻ᣬȴǲڳɹˣһҪЩԴͲòһ۷״̬µʥǿˣȻѾȫļޣټǸصɱҲһ
Ŀȴʼû䵽Դϣ·ֻһ޹ؽҪСɫһȫֵûκ˼
¼ȻȥҸʾӦ뵽нĳ䲻˵ʲôȴҲһвһ̤ǿԴ֮Ȼѹ˹ȥʥǿߵǿ˲չֵ쾡¡
ҲǣˣŪˣĲʲôɱ֣ɫ䣬æĽ͵֡
ҪװôΪƭĳɣЦ־εȼᶨһ϶˴𰸣˼仰ܸıģ̸Ц֮䣬һĳɫȻһΣȫûκαģ
ǻĵգʹݿе֪ԷܹӦʮֻǿߣȻδﵽʥףҲԲܵģ֮ʾͶˣɱʥǿߵۣ֮ʱȻУԷôαװҲ޷˿֮ġ
֮£ڷĻӶŶֻ̽Ĺʥǿ˵ȴȫͲ˿ãϢ֮䣬һƱɾȥûܵ˷㵱ɱ˵ͷǶ飬Ĳˡ
ֻǣĽ˵ȴҲʵ̫ˣһ·ԭΪѾ˶ԷȫĲ֣Ȼһ˲䣬ɱ˵ʱȴͻȻ߸֮ǰеƶϣĸоȴȻ˹ȵס
ϧ⻹ԶԶǽ
һ»ɱ˵ͬʱԭڵϵķƺȴȻ𣬿ֲĺͬ죬˲Ϣ֮˿ռֱӺݺӡǰ
磡
˵֮ǰ͵ϮεٶѾֲ˵Ļôһֱ۷壬ȫû˿ԣ˵͵ϮˣĽ棬Ҳûʮİܹһ
ʵȴϾοɱȣΣ֮£һӲڲܼ˿˼֣ͬʱһ£ȫܾ˵Ĵ򷨣Էֵʱȴǡոһµ˲䣬ǾѾΪ֮ʣһƵܹӳ಻ɶѡ
Ѫɫźæ֮£ɱ¾Դ˲Ϣ֮㱻۷壬ݺݴǰص䵽˸첲֮ϡ
꣡
һ˲Ľ棬ƺеذ״飬һĨѪɫȴһʴ֮УһҲվĸ첲һǵ˿ڡ
ڴͬʱһҲͬʱ£һ֮㽫ƺϵĺϵһ飬¶
ۣ
ֻɵһȴϾʥǿߴģӲһƣȻǷҲȻǳŲסһѪͬʱһץסɱеĿռ˳ʮ׵ľ롣
һƳǳȻܶɱһˣʵЦӿдȴȫûа˼һٶȴ߶£գ֮ʧҹɫ֮С
Ȼܴ־壬ȵӦʱȴѾ׷֮ˣ


ľ ʮ Ĳߣ
ֲ
һĽ棬ν䣬ֱһжĻûȫӦǸųСӵķƺɱֱ֣߸˵֪
ԣӦ˵ƺոջߵ˲䣬صɱֵòȻĳ˵ǰֻжʮңɱ֣ȴǸС﷮ƺ
ô仰˵ʵڽ쵽֮ʱķƺѾɱĨȥˣǸչǰһСɵġƺʵɱαװģ
һˣҲһ󷢺ðһ亹˲֪еʱӿһŹһֱעšƺһһģ·ǳԵģʮʮСﰡһӵ۾ֻҪһҲͱˡ
ǣĽȴϣôΨһĽ;ǣһжǿαװģɾʵֲ̫ˣҪʲôɱ֣˵Ŀֲν˵еαװļ£˭ţһǿɱ־ȻܹһСαװΩΩФ
µģǷĻ
һеĲ²ⶼûдôֻ˵һʼԷѾ˾ֻ֣һնԷߵֶѣǣʾһʼ·ƺɱ˹עǶԷΪһĲʵ̫£ܵһĻˣǲһ亹
ǽΣԴеӣ˼жֻһӶѣ໥ƣȴվǾˮ£ֱһнŶȻ֣ԭΪ޷ƣȫڱ˵֮У
ĸоʵ̫ˣҪ֪ʵʵԷҲŽһССİ벽ʥ׶ѵģǣľɣЩɱԼһԸȴҲһ첲ϵĽԷأȻ԰벽ʥ׵ʵߣûаսݴѣмܹ쵽
ɳʥףôЩվ۷Ĵ⣬˭ܰѶԷϮɱ
һ̣Щˣ֪ˣ˵ʲôҲˮһֲɱֽ
ȴЩʱˣһԱԴ֮˲ֹѪ䵽Դεϡ
һжԼ´˵Ļô֮ǰɱһĻ͵ԴһƵˣҲɱֱֵʣһ̣ҲЩԥˡ
ǣΣĿǰ̯ȴҪʰģλԴԼҪѡһһҪ
֣һǶˣȴ꣬պлܹһɱЩ棬ٺúһ¶ԲߣҪǿɶɱָ۲ǡݺݵĿһԴˣת
˵ʵڷĺʵ̫޵ҧгݵʵԴԼЩ£ʱᵽ磬ȴܹõ˼վͳһսϡϾƾԼ֮ҪɱԴǿɾԲǼʲô׵飬һãͻᱻɱ
ˣȻʲôɱңҸձȻ׷飬ʱҲѲ˸ϵһ˿η֮ɫԴ漴ڵ֮ɱΣȻƵɱֵϣҿԱ֤֮£ұȻϱҽ׷ɱɱ֣ݡ
˶ɱԷȴ˶ҪȡĶ˭Ʋȥ
ĿӶ˵ɨȴҲЩԥˣĽһƺк󻼣ѡƺһⰡ

ſھƷϣѾ֮ǰȻһ۵ӣǰһºõƣǲԾһȻԵõӡ
һƵѾˣûκвķչȻΪǿսһЩСС覴ãȴһֵԡ
շĲãõĽȻκʥǿ߶ȫɵȻҲֻ뻯Ľٲȫս£ǰɱ͵ϮҪɵһʥǿߣҲ֮ͬġа˳ɵİգ˵ҲȻз̵Ļᣬÿһʥǿߣƺûô򵥰
ܹһڷ˵ҲѾ㹻ˣο˵ĽҲδؾʲô£ĳ̶ֳϣշԤ뷢չ˭õĽ
һĴ̿˵ﵽĿĲΨһ׼ĳ£һֻɱ˲ǽΨһ
ô
΢΢ҡͷȻΪԼһƣһڣεУһβѾ׽ˣǣʵϣȴκ˶Ĳ֣ŲǸոտʼѣ
λЩңɼʥǿߣһУʵҲֻصӶѣĺϷɻںͷأ
˵ǲǻᰴշԤƵķչȴǺĵģ
ĲߣǼ򵥵ıŶԷԼļƻȥߣյԼãֻȷѡȻٲ֪䣬һղ߼ƻõķߣֱʱǲŻȻ֣һΪüƵһУʵֻһЦѡ
ܼ򵥣ѡ˵ԥĽҲǡ
˭ɱ
Ĵӿ³ĸ֣еľƱһԼ͸⣬ң⣬ҹɫԽʣ

λǽ֮ˣ治ܵɱֵĹƻѣɱȥͽЦ
ãڻǻڵܴҲڳЩȫɱˣȻȫƵش̿͵ϣýץȥԷȴԲ
ûв͸ǿֻɱ˸ϵʵ̫ԴɱȻݷ֮ӷ񣬵ǣһǰ¶ǼʵλҲûаĿܣ
ͬǰæɱΣҲԴԼİѱϾɱϣɾ뽣𣡲򲻵ѣҲԲɵ¡
ôһõİ취ǶˣΪ𣬽ղպȻ᲻ֶεҪԷȻͬΪ֮ˣᣬǳֶкܶ˼ɣô֪һеԼͻΪҪȡĶˣʱ򣬺ôȻٲˣ
ȻҲȫ޷գϾһƼˣҲпܻɱԼʵȴҲηˣʶŸľ
ܹߵƳǳλϣ֮ϵȨ⣬ԲƬ̵ԥóõĽֻҪ˽գû֤˵£Դζ޷öԷΡʱ򣬰սһʼ˵ûᡣ


ľ ʮ ʤ̭
ָһ磬΢Ȼʵϣһȴ˲µĴˡ
Ƭ̣һһ鼫ƷԴȻУ䵽һС֮ϣһǿֲĿػ֮˳ڿԵĿ֮£һ鼫ƷԴʼڻͷųһɵ˸еͬ˶֮һ㡣
üͷ絥һһεţһԴ֮뷽֮УڻĿ֮£ЧҲֻ˵ԸֱնѣȻдıԴ֮ɢװ˷ѵ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬һС켫ƷԴѾڻֱ˿̣ųĳһ͸һĨʣȻһ鼫ƷԴ÷ԴõһЩô
ʼƷԴףΪʲôƷԴ󣬼ûеʦֻҪ㹻ļƷԴп˳׵ƣ̤ʥף
ȻһҲһǰᣬǾǣ˱ڱԴҪ㹻򣬼ٶļƷԴҲ޷塣
ˣڷ˵ҲѾˣĲ˵Ǹոһ鼫ƷԴԴЧԵֵϷһµĿˣһֵĺεȿֲٶȣ
Ҫ֪ԴʵѾʥǿˣȴŽֻףһֻҪ㹻ԴͿһֱȥֱﵽʥ׵żһ൱ֲľ룬ǵƾԼ޵ĻҲ꣬ʮĿ๦ſܰõ
ȱǡǡʱ䣡Ҫ֪ʱ䣬ǽֻѣܹͰĿȥ
Ƭ֮䣬΢һ鼫ƷԴɳڷػ֮£ɿڻ뷽ڣ
ʵϣڷ˵ôĺôܹڼ̵ʱڽƷԴ֮е壬ûһʱ䣬ͱеıԴ֮ȡ
˵ȷڵ֮Ų򣬿ػ֮ҲСɣǣˣЩɲǵĳصĴУֻڶѣȻιָ̣ܹƳŵԴǵ鵤ǸЦˡ
Ĳ˵ٵһأ͹ȥûкʵĵҪһЩʲôҩ֪Ƴɵˡ
ڷ˵ЩҲ㲻ʲôҪ֪ŽļƷԴӴ֣Ļӻˣ
һʮ鼫ƷԴͣḶ́ϥ£ЩһڵԴһȫԼһˮḥ̂ȫˣȻԷǿᣬҲ˿ڴԴ覴ãǿɾ͵ǵòʧˡ
ͷڷ簲ƷԴͬʱԴȴѾ͹ϵϣ֮ǰΪܵĹƻ¶ζ֣ϧѼĴۣڷİ£ͨߵˣһԴһʧĲ֣
ֻǣĳȴǴԴϵģܷѾ㵽ȴѹûиġ
ΨһĺϢǣαװƺҲûиͨΪԼжϴˣʱժԴ뷽ĹϵԣǿѹסΣѹҲûԴ
Ͼȱ㹻֤ݵ£θ޷һҧΪҲͬУݾģԴݷ缵ʷߺޣҲòϣһĹϵ̫ĺô
ľȴάϵ˶ãԴ˭֮ǰǼ£ζ˵Ǻ֮ǣһҵᣬȻ֮أƾԼȴǾ޷οģΨһָǸйԼˣµ֪֡
Դ٣ǵǶѾϵˣô죬ܵøһ³̰ɣ߱ѵˣѾȫԴȻҲû·ˣֻҪͲòԴˡ
ſڣɱֵ飬Դȴվûи˵Ͼǣĸϵʵ̫࣬ңƾһɱֵҲЩ˷ģܻ𵽷á
ԥһ£Դ漴ڵЦҪʲô³̣ѵ֪Ѿڱչسʥô
ʲôʱݷɶõģֻ򵥵һ仰ȴǲԾ˰˲٣ǰݷǰʼûгԹǼΪ˳ɹĴʣ·ϸûʲôݷ绹˵ġ
ṳ̂ʥףֵʵҲԶһܹģգȵֳأó֣ˣٸʲôǵ飬ֱնɱҲʲôݷ֮ԴԾ䣬·Ҳ͸һǿҵ
ǵǣݷʦǳأһεȷ㲻ʲôͬĵͷ漴ּǣһݷʦֳ֮ǰͶأ
ңɫһ䣬Դ漴ЦǱƳǴţҵҪмӣֱӶǶ֣ĹҲȻǳϣ޹ɱ¾ͬҲ
ȴǲЦһôܣҲɵӰһʥǿߣǰأ˭ܷסѵˣһҪ㵽εͷϲɣɲֳɵģһɱֿԼ޻ô
ȻЩû˸˵ģҶһϵƣ㻳һЩʲôԵ˼Ҳֻǲġ
ģһ취ϵģҸûأڽҲδر޿ġĿ⻺ɨԴٴοڵ
⻰Ҳȫ˵ƾݷĹϵԴ뽣󣬵ܻæշһݷǰһԵ

սй׸߿֮Уݺ֮䣬͸һѹȸУǰ벽ʥ׵ĴڣԿǧ֮ڡ
ȴֻݷһ˵ıչ֮ѡ
֮䣬ɢȥܱϢ߳Ƭ̻ڵ⽣ʧ񹬵˴ߣǶˣô
һ⽣ҲͶˣݷڼֻҪݷܹ̤ʥף񹬵˷ʲôһɫâŵ俪ڵǣεܣȻһССɱֶòΪʥף
ˣЩʱ򣡴ڵϿԴ³ˮҪô
Դʲôݷһ򼫺ãʲôʧ˵ûֳʲô
Ҳô˵μܣҲվҽĳϣݻԴ֮ϣô裬ǻƫ̻Դ̫ģ
˸ּȴôҲһ
ã˵߻䵽ߵϣţζᣬʾ¡
·Ͳ֪Щ˵ĬĬһ۹ķŵҽĵӣһʤ̭ȻԴеΣǾǸƾ°ɣ£˶֣


ľ ʮ ʯ壬Ӱ
ƷȻǸ򵥵СƷһвһ·ûйֺı仯
ȻƷȴľƷѾȻͬˣΪƺҲΪ֮ǰܵʲôӰ죬ΪССľƷ֮Уһصʯ壬ɫʯ壬͸һĨѹʲôĲʣôһͨʯ壬ȴԼ
û֪ʲôʱʼʯû֪˭ʯ壬ƷϰҲͬԴһ֪
ֻҪɱʲôˣдʯϣͻּ۸ֻҪ֮һĶ֮ڣĿͱȻ䣬ʯȺֹʮ˵֣һ
һ򵥵һʯ٣˾η壬ֻȴʼû˸ȥⴥּɻʯ塣
ֽ㣬ûаϢôżֵη壬һСյ̨ǰʵ
ѵһƭ㲻ɣЦһ£Ϊֽ޸ЩɵĿһʯ壬Сǰ˲ĵ͵͵Ҫʲôʯ֣ڶͱʬ壬ûа˿ڣķ˼˿Ҳ׵ʵһ˵ܴܿﵽ벽ʥ׵ĳ̶ء
⻰һȴҲ֮һ̽ͷֱʲôǡ
֨
˵䣬Ĵ˾Ʒһ۾Ƴʯλá
϶źɴòΨһ𺳵ǣΪ׵ĺ˾ȻһŮӣ޷ò欵ȴͬѾѪˡ
ƹǵ֮ڣ˸аһ벽һһ͵ķԸǵ˰ţԷȫûлӦӣƺǵϵֻߡԷͲмǶ԰
⻰пɾʹ̫ζˣȻ⻰ȴҲԡ
Ե˵ͷΪ׵ĺŮ޷ȻˣҪһģɡ
˵֮䣬ŮȻǰϰ壬ҵľƣҪ졣
⼸˴ӽ֮߾ʹûΧκͣ·ôû˵Ĵһ㣬ֻǣԼ͸ɱĥ͸Ϣȴ˶Ծȫа
ҪľơͷƤ飬ȻֽȴǲòЦƶ
ߵĺ˳ֽӹƣŮȴҲźȣֻǵʵҵ⣬ӦҲŪһףòҪ˵ˣֻƷվ͵ûˡ
ŮӵԵüΪȴƫƫ͸һĨ֮ȥɱ˭ҪĵһΪеӸС
ԥһ£ֽڻεҡͷܹʵǸûʲô˵ģÿʱ֣һģӰòжϲŮÿζԷҲֻͣӵӣܿҲһͨףôĵӸҳƣ
һ£ֽ˵˵ЩӣȻΪʯ壬˺ܶ࣬ȴûһ˯İȣǺ±ǨŭҼֱŵ˼ˡ
ȴǺ˵ŵͷȷйֻǣ뵽صɱֵĿ£ͷҲֻתһתˣ˶ԷѵɱˣɱƷϰ岻ɣ
΢Ƭ̣Ů漴Цãұ
ֻǼ򵥵һ仰ȻŮӵĿ˵ȴǴ޾ɱԸ·ԭһѰСһ㣬ֵһᡣ
ҲļѾںˣʣµĻеӼٴˣҲףЩ˱ضһСģ¾͵ðԼС⣬ǿ֣Сǿɻ
ȻŮҲ˿ûֹЩ˵˼ôƽǰһһĺҾƣƺǾͽֻһûаӰ졣
ʱôһȥڼ䣬ҲˣƣԾ˳ȥȻĶͨˣȴҲվûҪԼҲڲǣ
Ҳתۼ
ֽͬ˵һ޶׼׼ʱ֣һģӰôƮ˾Ʒ֮ȻЩ˵Ҳȫ˵òһ˿Ϣ׽ĵһʱ䣬˵ͫ׶΢΢һĶӰ
·ûпЩһӰݵߵʯǰɨһۿտҲʯ壬һҲûУתȥ
¼Ȼˣµʲôôˣ̫ôüͷ΢Ůڵ
⣬ӰŻͣ˽ŲֻȴȻûлͷ˼ɳƵɤ˵ҪɱʲôˣʯϢ
ɱˣЦһΣŮӻشԱߵĺ˱ЦſڵǱɱ֣ҪɱʲôˣѵҪǮ㶯ֲɣ
ϣˣӰҲȫû˿˼ƽĻشȻˣǱûк̸ġ
µͬʱӰٴ̧ȥ
˸ɴıӣǺ˶ʱðǣһ̤ɱӿɲǼӰķλ
Һûб£ɱˣ֣룬ҿԴͬȡꡣûлͷӰڣȴѹֱŨɱֻ⻰ȴҲʵ̫ˣֱǴ˼£Ҫʲô赭дһ仰ѾǷԸԵչֵ쾡¡
ˣΪʲôӣǺͨ죬һֱץĽŭžҪ֡
ֻǣνĶŽһ㣬ûʣֻһģĲӰһţӰȻԭأ˿δ֮ǰǻҪѵӰĺ˲ȴȻһѪۣһ
λǷʮ鼫ƷԴüͷûգһ£Ӱ赭дĿڣƺⱾ쾭һ㡣
Ȼ⻰䵽˶Уȴֱͬħ֮ݲӰȻ˵ɱˣңʶԷͬȡɱ˵ı꣡ľٶҲʵ̫˼ˣͬʱɱ֣ЩҲòϣԳ񣬴δ˰Եɱ֣
ֻǣԷʵҲͬԶԶ˵ԤƣһУ˶ûܿԷγֵģ˲Ϣ֮䣬ͻɱһӽ벽ʥ׵ǿˣǿһУҲ޿ɺǡ
žžž
ûŭֽԤƵȫͬǺŮӲû˼΢ЦŹƣĴóʮ鼫ƷԴŵϣոձɱȫûκιϵһ㡣
Ƕȡ⽣ɱ֣˲𣡡
ȡ⽣ɱ֣⻰һЩ˻ֽ㶼΢΢һͣŵĿģӰŶԷһش


ľ ʮ ҹ
һŮӷŵϵļƷԴʱӰУֻǣӰȴ·ûԷĻһ㣬ڵڣӦûʲôҪ˰ɣ
֮ǰĳɱ¾ΪģȴֻôһЩҲͬĮɱ֣Ҳеһͷ󣬾ʲôˣŻ˿µ԰
ȻѾĬݣѵ㲻ãбҪú̸̸ôӰŮӴݿڵݷչأʱͻƵʥף⽣֮Դ뽣󣬴ݷأΪܷŹô
Ļ̫ˡûֱӻشԷ⣬Ӱɳɤӣżֲ֮ɫڵ
ںӰŮЦҼȤɱ֣ǰɣʲô㿪õı꣬ҲԶССһʯʮٱ֮ϡ
ϻѾ˵̫ˣֱ˿̣ŮӲֱԵƣ˵˳˿Χɫ
ֱ֯ɣǺεȵҫֻһ֯̾ͻᱻίΣνһ죬Զܹ󼰵ĴˣҲʵ̫źЩɣ
ңΪʲôҪǣӰȻƽƺȫûад
ܻ˽ǵ֯ҿĸ㣬֯Ϊҹ춼Ϊ˵ǰ벽ʥˣʥף֯еҲԲƽĿӰŮӻ˵ɱֽ֮Уûκˣκܹ֯밵ҹ֮ϣҪʵʲôҹ㣡
ɱֽ֮ô¶һ˿֮ɫӰ֮ϹɱΣ
ϹɱĸһΧĿ·֮ˣ죬ϹɱҲͬһɵ֣ᵽ֣᲻ԾĲ
۾£ϹɱһУǲǵµһų޲ɱ֮ˣ޲ɳ֮
ҲΪˣ⵽ϣ̽޾ǿ֮ʱȻѣ߸Ϲɱֻǣȴվǵ͹۵ʵ
۽ƾһ߷죬˼磬ŸڶϢĻᣬֻǣֻҪһ첻Ϲɱĸֵͻһڣ˸ӧ棡
Ϊ˼磬ϹɱѾʵȴҲûκˣϹɱĴڡ
ĬãŮŻ˵޾գ죬ûϹɱ򡣡
٣ЦһӰҡҡͷǰҹһܹﵽϹɱǵȸ߶ȣûȤ롣
ɴľܾҲ˿أЦϵ£⣬˭ҷһϹɱ
ת䣬ŮӻڵȻʵǿ󣬲ĪΪܹɱҰҹ˻ô
ȻأȫںŮӵвӰȻʵҪҶô
ûѡ񣡡ĿӰŮɭȻڵţԶԡ
һʱ䣬ӰȴҲ֮Ĭ˿˼ԥ
ӰôӦŮӵɫٴλܼ򵥵飬ܿ죬ͻף밵ҹǵľ̫࣬ھ͸߰ɡ
̧ͷӰڵһϡ¶ֻϴŵȴһĨŨŨļ֮ɫǸƺֻڿǣɱ㣬Ӧ˭ȡꡣ
Ѿʶ˷һ̣Ҳ˻ĴһǷ˰ɣȻĸƣѵûҹ֮ôﰵҹǼֱѰ·
˵ʲôһһٵĴӿ˵һ仰ŮмҲѾҪˣ֮ǰһ򶨵ӣҲվ޷ڸеǷݽܣڷҲмȤǣȴҲû˵˸ö֮ķ氵ҹ˼̬
ʼ磬ȻڵѾҺܶ⣬룬ЩӦôһǡ
µ˲䣬Ȼ͸һĨѪɫɱ¾Դɢգ֮䣬Ѿ׽ѹ۶ڱԴɱ¾ԴϣҲֻǳžǣⴿɱ¾Դȴʵ̫ˣ˲佫ס
һɲǼ䣬ŮӱȻɫɱɱʲôϵ
ΪҹĵĵӣɱͬǷǳϤģ񷽴ͷųⴿɱ¾Դɱµɱܣ˵̶ֳȵɱҲ޷ԸеɾͽȻͬˣ
˼磬ȴȻ죬ңƾǿʵӲվ˽ŸҲһɲСӵҪǣ۵ڣ
ֻҪһղκ˶Ըʱֻ¶ôżֹ˼ɣһЩǿĬ£׾ٵңǴ˶˿Ըǵ֮һ
Ҫ֪Ϲɱ֮ʱɱɱв֪մȾ˶Ѫɱ֤۶ɱ¾Դ⣬Ҳûм˸˵ɱ֮ϡ
ӰŮӣ粢ûн͵˼ֻǻӿ³⼸֡
˼ãŮųڵȻɱйأôҰҹɱһӣұ㣬ҲǽݷǾԲɱӵġ
·ѹûŮӵĻһ㣬Ȼûлش˼ڣҿô
ֵĮмĿǣò˵̬ʵ̫ˣŮһԼҪƽ⻰üͷҲһֿ˼һֻ뵽ɱȴվǲòʱͷ
Ůӣ΢΢һΣΪһģӰٴƷȥ
һȣ
ڷ缴뿪֮ʱŮͻȻٴοڵȻʯ壬ǲκ˶ɱ
һϣȴûаԥڵȻǰ㣬Ǵۡ
ĿǣֱյϹɱеһȣվڵжԵϣԸĴӿ˵仰ŮҲȻǲ˼֮⣡ȴӰԷĵѡ
һ˿⣬ŮɭȻڵҪɱɱأ
ɱ¾
㲻ɱйϵôãȻųһ˽ԿɱôȥɱɱΣȻŮҲûָԷĴӦҸڣһ·ŵѡ
ֻǣȫû뵽ǣԷû˿֮ɫƽͬҪɱˣֻ·ߵһֻèһ㡣
ԣ룬㸶𣡡
ԣֵʱ򣬼˶ΪԼˣǶԷƽӣȴƺȫûпЦ˼
ɱֵģŵ۶ԷҪɱ˭ֻҪˣͱȫԸݲ÷ܣ仰˵Է˻شôҲζţֻҪ㹻ĴۣĻɱ֣
ǣѵӦɱĴô⾿ʲô
ֻǣȴ˿ûи˽͵˼仰ת˲ʧҹɫУһ˿ۼ


ľ ʮ Լ
ԴָѾЩˣȻһȴ޷ڸǴ˿̣е˷ܣ
ԭΪǸɱѾʧˣȴٴεõϢֱٺòˣȫû˿ԥת֮䣬ԴžƷλöȥ
ܣûеõȫ֤ѾԿ϶ˣ޼ɵ·ʽǡøʱҪ˵ûʲôϵǲЦο˵ҹڶԷǰ˿ԽȷԴƲ⣡
ܿ˵ߣԴһڣô˾Ʒ֮У΢һ£Ǹʯͷ۵λãһ۾ܿ
дż˵Ϣһǰ벽ףЩԴû仰˵޷ǾһЩصСѣɨһۣԴ㲻ٹעЩˡ
ԥһ£Դڻǰʣڵʯ֮ϣд˽ĸ֣ûʲôĽͣƳǣĸ־Ѿ˵һˡ
ʵϣԴд⼸ֵ˲䣬Χ˶һ
Σĳϣǿʥǿ߰ѵĴڣҲǿԻɱô˵ԳӰɱ֣ûӺ
ȻͬעҲԴϾ֣ҲȻ֮
ڴ˵֮ǰԴεĳͻȫ֪ģԴĿ֮£ǲһ۾ϳԴⲢӰ죬˶Դĺ档
һԴûжһֵķϻ±ʣ˽ڣôһԲٴ뿪˾Ʒ
ڳЩȻû˻鷳ȥ׷ԴըԵϢȴǾʹ˳״˳ȥ֮ƣ˹עģȻصӰҲҽ
ؼģҲӰ֣ܲܳ״Ĺؼ
Ȼû֮ǰҹһ¸û˻ţӰҽӣϾǰҹɱ֯ڽȡɱʥǿߵҲ֮Ҫ˵ֶϷһдһʯ֮ϣͽˡ
ƳǣϢٶȣǿֲ֮ģ̶һٷĹϢͬʱŵ˳Լεǰ
Ӱظ֣ҲԽȷ˶ԷݣΪƳǵĳЩ췽ֳЩȻȥֻǣȴһֱųĬѡ
ӱ˵Ҫɱֻɱģǣ뵽һҹ뵽̾ΪֹĲ֣ȴҲδЩ˼ɣϾĽĶ֣Ȼûʮİա
˼ڻϢӵһߣͬûпһ㡣

̫ˣСˣϢμѾˣκνͣҲܹ֪ȻԴµĺ£Ƴ֮УҲû뵨ˡ
ǣͬϢǳͨΣҲܹͬµԳӰɱ֣¾֮ǰɱ֣
ʵڶԷ֮£ܴЩ䣡ǻֻ¿ɾͲǼ򵥵ˣһãֱܾˣ뵽ǹȰĺһ˿ֿԣԷҲֻǰ벽ʥ׶ѡ
üͷ΢ͻȻ뵽ʲôɭȻ򲻾ǰŸոմӽĸ˵ԴҲɱֵУݷΣ
һ˲䣬ĸ֮͵ĴһͻСĵĿڵԴݷ֮Ĺϵ˽֪Ȳ˵ûɱָҽӣСǴۿҲΪ߰
һ£ĸּҪǣǳɹˣɱܹݷ׷ɱôǵʱڱ֮¡
˵⣬ĸû˵ȥˣ˼ȴҲѾķǳˣݷӣ׷ǱȻģֺα鷳ԼȥɱԴ˽ˣ
ǿδأλشһȴĴգ֮䣬һģӰȴȻ֮С
㣡
һ˲䣬αȻվʥ׵ϢȫͷŶĽڵĿռ䶼׷ʱܷһ
Ǵһ˿мȴѹûӣҡڵԱߵôϾôȲҪҷָô
΢΢һͣ漴ɭȻΪһɱ֣ǲ͵Ϯһɵ֣ѵΪĽ֮УҲʥǿ߿ⲻɣ
˵̾ͻɱвջ󣬲νһ˿Īļɵֻڵһʱ䣬Ѿˣ
û潻棬ңδϵĶ֣ԴˣȴҲȫûʲô˼ģĴһ䣬漴ҼȻаһô
⻰ᣬǶ˵ȴһʮʮв̱㽫ɱ⣬˴룡
һɱ֣ûһ׼͸óȻǰǾһЦ뵽һΣʱǿֲٶȣȴҲòϣԼȫ֣ܹ¶ԷĿҲɡ
㾿ҪΣ
ŷ磬γʵֻǣȴȻûаַɣȻһȫԴļơ
ţȻҪɱģȴǻûнżϷ֮һݿڵιҪһ
˵ʲô΢һЩŵʵ
Ǵ촰˵ɣָӱϿ۶絭ڵһɱ֣˭ۣܳҾΪ˭ɱˣԴҪɱ㣬ȴΪܸȼ۵Ĵۣ
⻰ζʱΪ֮һҲЩ׷˼ˡ
˵Լ˼ά֮ǰһ˭˵ԴпӰйһЩϵԷһվһأ
һҳ֣ΪҪջ⽣ãκҪһɱֱˣʱĴ㣡һ絭ڵڣҵ˼ô
Ҳɵӣ˵ֵزˣĻаԥ㿪۰ɣɱԴҪʲôۣ
ֻҪܹɱԴǲںٴ۵ģȻһеǰǣ¾Բܰǣ
͸һ˿֮ɫ絭ƺЩˣҪ˵ǡԼҪٴۣ
⻰һζʱһͣ͸һĨɭȻɱ˵ʲô
ôϵĶ䲻ôζӣ絭Ϊûɱ
֪ԷںȻȴվǲòѹԼеŭ𣬡˵Цˣֻ˵ɱҪǮģȴδţҪԼԼģÿһɱֶôˣ
ɱҹܲţҵĹؾˣ俴Σ絭ߣѾˣ֮ǰʲô˰ɣ˵κҪһɱֱˣҪʱĴۣ
һ£˵㿴Ҳһϲɱ˵ɱ֣СĽܲܰװױ˿һѣЦĸԷɣСӰ֮


ľ ڶʮ 
豭һ죬ڲظεУһ˲䣬εɫȻȴƬָ֮˵⣬׸Դڣ⻹һϳ԰ɱְ
Ƭ̣һôʣŻڵӦףҲǺ㣬ֻ鷳
ΪһʥǿߣεȷԸʸһ˵евˣֻҪ˻ؽ󣬳Գֻֻ֣Ҳûʲôܹȡˡ
ϣݣעױʲôвΪǿĺ̨˭Ҳ޷粵
˵ЩȴҪܾһֻ۵ķʽѣϾɷ㿪ڣӣңԷƱػʨӴ󿪿ڣЩǲ˵ףֻ£ûա
ƺһȫӣȻһԲ˵ȥ
ȻУȻӦףԴ֮𣬲ŷ磬øĿڵԴ⣬ǰҹֻ֯ҲδԸֻ˽ܣݵʵ
⻰Ҳҹ֯Ȼʵǿ󣬵ȴվΪۣ˼Ҳ࣬һݷ˵󣬾ҪıǷȴǲͬһˣɣ¿޼ɵݷأҪ׷ɱҲҵټ
ϲøҴñ˵ˣһɱֻ֣Ҫ㹻ı꣬ҾͿԽκ񡣡ָЦЦƺһˣ̸ʲô⣬ûȰǰ½˵ĺá
ڷ˿ɶһҧˣҪΪԼ
Ϊ֮һͣɫһڣȴվЩΣ˵ģҿԴӦӦģӦңɱԴӦҿԸıꡣ
εĵߣνԼһڣһ㣬Ҳͬ
һ˿Ц⣬Ŀڵ֮ǰʱΪ⽣۰ʮƷԴҲ̰ģϾͰ֣ȰԼȥɣ˹֮Ͼҵˣ㿴ֻҪôһۣԼܵõһɱֵܻ꣬㲻ô
ûشε⣬ͨķʽȴҲѾ˼ķǳˡ
ܹõһɱֵ꣬ôӶɱɱʲôˣȻͺˣڵõ֮ǰȻһġ
һȴֱҪѪ˰ʮƷԴѵΪ·ߵĴײôȻôһ赭дӿڣҲʵ̫˰ɡ
ǣԷƺͺǿԼĲһƵԼȫû·Ȼ֪ԷѣҲǲòò
ϣ˵ݷʱܳأ޷֮ǰ飬ҿҰûʲôٸˡ赭дĴӿ˵仰Ȼв֮ȴʵԲˡ
Ƿ֮Ըĸ֤ڡ
вңҲͷӦˣĶŷ磬ɱӿ·ʱԳ֡
ô⣬ֻҪϣҲܹɱ㣬ңԳֱԴϴһ˿ζЦݣ絭Ȼһɱ֣ͨ˵ǲûбġ
˵⣬ɴվƺѾȫûˣǾ仰Լǲ򣡡
ԵʥǿߣݿµİԵ֮⣬û˿˥Խſȫû˿η塣
һվǿЦӰӮˣҴӦ
ʮƷԴȻʹԷвЩȴʵ㲻ʲôˣ֪ˣֺοˮ䵽ⲻ˵ĵز
̾ϢһδϽһռַŵϣӰǿԺú̸̸˰ɣ
͸һ˿Ц⣬ٴ˻ץռɨһۣЦе˵ȻϣڣѾӮҵ꣬ˣΪκ鷳
ģҲֻǿЦˣƽһʹŻڵҪԴʲôķʽɱ
ܸʲôûоֻܾȻȣɫĽռȻ˵Щˣһǵ㣬Դ±ԼҪĶࡣ
⻰ֹ˰ֱǳĴһССİ벽ʥףȻʥǿ߻ҪֵǮԱȼֱѪ
Ҫʲôŷ磬γ˵
ʲôУֻҪֵǮЦеĿΣںĿڵˣԴҾãϳݷһݣȻ۸ʵڸ˵㣬ҾãҲ㣬أ
ﲻݣ
ɱݷ磡⼸˵Ҳðһ亹ŵĿŷ磬ûҧԼͷ
㡭˵ʲô
׵֪ԼĽһֻеĸоһ˵ʲôɱݷ磿һﲻǷ˰ɣ
һ۾Ϳε˼粢գȻڵϣʵҵôݷȻǿȴҲδؾ޵Уңһɱ˵ɱ˵ķʽк֣ܶһҪ潻֣Ϊأ
ĬãЩЦһ£Ҳ㣬ֻµĸϵʵ̫󡣡
ɱݷ磬ʱҲûתͷ֪ݷ綯֣ЩϹǾȷŲˡ
Ĵ˸һǷνʼ磬ֻһѣҪôԼʵҸģ㻹óʲôҰ㣿
ƺոҲһᣬ粢û̫˼ȤİֱߵĲ豭
ȻƳǣôԥãŻʵ
΢΢һ۾ȴȫеһ͸һĨâסΡ
֪ɱ¾Դδ̤ʥףĴ̼Ҳδر㲻򡣡ȷشαԹԵĽƳ⣬ÿʮ꿪һΣʥµǿ߶ԽУԴˣпܽĴɱԴۣ̤ʥף
ԴıԴ֮㲢ԴҲԴ־δ̤ʥʱɽżĺôֻҪлû˻ȻᡣƽĿڣδ˵ңԸ
ò˵飬ȷʵ򶯷ˣңûܾ
ֵطýֺͷҲ֪ȻأѰ˸ͱմεݣҲȷʸõڷ˵Զκ˵Ķࡣ


ľ ڶʮһ 㣬Ҫʲô
Щ
зڣǻߣȴڻǱһ仰·Ȿû̫һһ̣Ǳ鶼Ҳƽ糣ûа
һ£α֤óѾȨãźò¶óģ˭뵽ԷȻһھͻؾˡ
֪һж󣿼ҽһΣһҲֻʮ
ǿеŭڣ˶÷ˡ
ǸûϵЦһ仰͸˻ȥһɱ֣һжֻҲûԴ㶼⣬˵֮УȻԴ֮ҽȥΣձȻһɱ˵ɲʲôϢοҪ־е취
һ£˵Ϊôһ˵û̫ҾҪðűݷ磬׷ɱķȥϮɱԴվҵĽǶȣϣϸô
⻰ȻȴҲ˵ûһȻҲЩ̣ŵ˲١
ڰ벽ʥףҪһʵǼΪѵģȻԴȵطܹͬõĺôҽӣҲûԸȻᣡ
ңҵȻܾһƣ缸ˣķ޷Ǿһ۵⣬˵һԶԶҳֻɱԴ
㲻Ҫ̫̰ǶûкôЩĵŷ磬γ˵
ϣҲҪ̫С˵ҲûʲôôǴһ˿Ц⣬ԵĶ˻ȥû˿Ҫò˼
ɡĿ˷һᣬڻòˡ
ҪƬ̣ڻ˵֮УûеʦǣӦĵеģҵҪҲߣټϽҾͰԴ
Ҫʲô⣬Ҳһô£Ҳû뵽羹ȻῪôһ
Ϊһɱ֣ȻҲҵ·͵ĺһ絭˵ֻҪ֪ܲ˶ѡ
ò˵˵ҲǸ⣬ΪĳϣȷʸӽЩҪ֮͵һ֣ɾݣҲ䲻ʲô
Ҫ̫ˣ˼Ƭ̣λǾܾҰ첻
ȻˣҾ͸ˡûаԥξܾͬʱߣɴ䣬ȫû˿·ⱾͲʲô˵顣
ֻǣ˵ɾʵ̫ͷˣ
˰ʮƷԴĴۣԼȻôŶԷҡڵˣЦ
Ӱ㲻Ҫ̫ʥ׵ʵһһٵĿڵ
ôҪôĮĻɨһۣ絭ұ㣬ңʮļƷԴɾͰ׸ˣңҾԲٸڶĻᡣ
˵⣬Ҳͬ͸һɷɱļ¡
ǿ̬ȣҲû뵽ԥȴվûиҳ֣ϾԷʵ̫أҲ̫ˣȻûаٷְٰյ£Ҳ׳֡
ֻǣһ̸УѾƵǣûʲôּۻ۵ˡ
ҩֻŪһţңɱԴܸ֮㡣еѪڿԼĵߡ
ϸĿһΣƺȷԼǲѾѹե˼ޣãŻڣȸһ֮ɱԴ֮ǰ׼õǡ
ûʣǷȴܹжϵĳԲԴǷݣֻԴݣҲʱƳ֮ǰЩûͨ飬ڣҲǳˡ
ҲһЩòҲ΢΢һԣ뱣֤²ǣϣһ㣬Ѫġ
ĵ飬ȷһ㣬ͲҶԴ֡
Ըһϣȴѹûаԥģһҧָ⣬㵱Ѫġ
ֻǣȻ֪Ϊ̿ͣνԣͲںض棬Լס磿
ֱ˿̣ڳ׷ģ֮䣬ɢȥʥ׵ѹܺãڰ֮ڼ䣬Ҫһ׼֮ϣ㲻ʧ
΢΢ͷȴûн磬һ֮䣬ٴλΪһģӰȥ
һΣȴٲ˿Ĵ⣬ȵ뿪֮󣬾գȷѾ뿪֮ųһ
֪Ϊʲôֻܷа벽ʥ׵ʵԷʱȴһͬݷʱһĸо񣬶ԷܹвһǿĮӵİ벽ʥס
һ˿ɫһеɱȴԽķ˼֡
ԴȻɶ񣬵вɱ֣ҲͬϧĿǰƺûĻᣬ෴Է˵дá

Ʒ
ʯ֮ϣεѾĨȥ·ûгֹ
ĽȻһЩſֵʧ֮Դ˵һصĴԭΪصɱֱȻվߵģ˵ƺȴô°
˻ΪɱֲҽӰɱʥǿߵ񣬵Ŀ˵һսԴȴǳԷֻǲԸѣĻȻιΪʥǿߣҲδؾѶԷǿֲİɱ
ûԤ֮е棬·ԷѹͲһ㣡ԴһּΪĸоԷԸԼĪǡѾô
뵽⣬ԴҲԽĽ
Դ٣Ͼǽʱˣ£ƺҲһЩ׼ˡ䣬һĵӣͻȻѵ
򣡡ظһ֣ԴȻѣЩӣΪε飬ԼƺѾˣȻ鶼ˡ
֪ˣ˵ͷԴŻʾ¡
ֻȴ·ûпԴһȻվԭء
ڷ⽣ӵ쳣Դٴ̧ͷŶԷһҪһ̣Դıʱ˲ûѹϲõĿڵ㣡
ղԴƺԽķ˰¶һ˿΢Ц̧ͷԹԵĿڵ
ôҪɱΣǸӰɣΪʲôĨȥҵ֣еȷЩ꣬һ磬ԴȲʳôһ⡣
̧ͷɨһԴ絭ڵĨȥ֣Ϊڵ㣬ƺĴۡ
⻰˵ļȴòϣ⻰ȻԴ侲
ȷȻΪݷĹϵĵλԶһ㽣֮ϣȴվ޷ı䣬ֻа벽ʥ׵ʵ仰˵ɱһλʥǿߣĴۣø
㣬ҪʲôԴתͬ죬˲䣬ͷӦ˹Ŀŷ磬Ȼˣô˵ɣֻҪġ


ľ ڶʮ һϢ
ΪΪ
Χַʵ̫ˣ˭ƺƲȦȥΪһɱ֣Ȼ͸ܻرˡ
ԴӷǳѣΪһɱ֣ûʹӰԲϻôΨһĽ;ǣԷҪԼϵõʲôȻԼʱû뵽ҪʲôǺʣԼֵԶԷӣ¸ͲԼǰ
ȻĳֽǶ˵Դ˼Ҳûʲôģ㷽粢һϵɱ֣ҲͬûȦȥ
ǴһĨ֮ɫŻڵܼ򵥣һϢ
ԴѾ˲ٵĲ²⣬仰ʱȴվΪ֮һͣЩ޷׷˼ˡ
ϢԷʲôϢԼƾʲô϶ԼһҪǣһϢĻԼΪ˸ٴۣƺܲǴڿȴƫƫûһ㿪Ц˼
һҪϢȻΪۣҪ֧ҵıҲͬơڵ˫ֱ磬΢΢۾Ȼڵģ֪ûжԴˣҲҪЩ
Ƭ̣ԴڻǿЦӰҲ㣬ǣܵøһʾɣ
ʾô¶һ˿Ц⣬ĵĿڵڲ֮ǰҸոȥΡ
һ仰ֱʯ쾪ЩԴûվסһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ֪ԼʵڶԷǰûߵĻᣬֻ⻰һҪˡ
ΣǿżаǲݣͬԴҪɱһҲǳףҲͬȻ뾡һеİ취ҪԼԭΪƵɱ֣ٵεĻǸûĻˣΨһָԼĸܹ֮Լˡ
һ۾ͿԴľ˰֣ģڻûɱȤ˵ˣģڣҵϢȤô
ƺһж֮У٩٩̸ûаΪѵ˼
Ӱ˵ѣϢˡҧҧԴԼӦʲôѡģ£۷Ҫʲô꣬òԣԷҪʲôûʣֱ
ˬ죡ƣ¶һĨԵЦ⣬ܼ򵥣ҸոΰʮƷԴԼͬʱ֧һԼһҸɵ㡣
һԴϲ¶һ˿֮ɫô˵ɱҵģ
ȻǡƺèϷĿУĻش㿴ˣֻҪһϢѡ
㾿ʲô˼ôһ˵ԴҲĪһζ¿򷽴ʵ
ҪƽĿԴ绺ڵ֪пػ֮Ҳͨԣ˵ҪܹṩҵģҲֻеֵҳ֡
ò֪ô˵ֱɣǣԴȴȻǲ磬Ͼƭһɱ֣ǺҲûʲô
ֻһӣǽҸ壬ҲõĶ
ڵȻòġǹһĨĻȣȻǼϢǾͲˡ
ϢʲôϢԴ΢΢һٴʵҲʵڸ㲻ʲôϢȻܹá
ҸողѾôһȻ֮ɫĿڷʵ
˵ôԷʣ˲ԴӦ˹νһϢ˵ģģ
뵽⣬Դʱ˷ոշ˵Ƕλϸһ£п̺̫ϢˣЩԽˡ
αĵôʣӦӰĻرҲͬǽĵΪӣԴǽӴЩģȴеĳϰɾʹͬˣ
ɱ֣ɱ¾еӣѾβ÷ˣοгŵһֻҪʵˣôʣξͼˣٲ֡
ȻΪҷһıĹԴȻͻˮǴߣٿǵݷڼô͸ͬˡ
ȵȣֹЩ
Ϊһԭ˲ƵĵӣǾһѵĲ֮ŷεıңɹأǾʱܹ˹Ŀ࿴ˣʵʵĺô
һ̵棬ôʱԴݽӴƺҲͲʲôܵ˰ɣ
һ䣬뵽ЩԴжʱ͸һĨ֮ɫ֮ǰ֮𰡣
Դ񣬷ȻףѾͨһУָ㣬Ȼ㿴˵ˣϢԼֵƣֻҪԸףôңкܴĺôܹٽǵĽһǣˣ֮ǰҸ˵ĻҲͬ
Ȼָ˵Ҫɱݷˣ˵ɱݷ磬п֮ܳѾΪʥ׵ݷ磬Ǿ͸Ӽˡ
˵ЩȴҲ֮磬ҪĻǽε顣
лȫ³ɣԴز֮˫Ĵ궯ԴһſڵĶķġ
ҪǵĳŵͺãģҲҪԭֻҪ͵߳¼һݸңȻԻȥңĵҲԼʹãȫκηաԴļ򣬷԰ο
˵֮ǰԴлһ㲻Ļô⻰һǳ׷ˣֻǷԼõĻǽͷֲˣȫκε⡣
ˣԺú׼һˣҴӦλ֮лɱ㣬ԣ֮ȥȻǼѣЩҶţ֮Ҫ׼֮ʵˡţ㲢ǷֻҪᣬƱػʣýЩ϶Ǵһġ
ѧֹ̼֮Ļ·ȫû˿
ңòϣЧǳϵĺãԶκвնЧĶࡣ
һ̤ȴҲٶԣգ֮ʧҹɫ֮У·ûгֹһ㡣
ѾãʣµľͽֻǵȴˣԴԼβ²ĲͬͨԴģһ֮У˵ܹõĺôֱԹ
ֻǣ뵽Ǹڱأ˵ʱͻƵʥ׵ݷ磬ҲȻЩͷʹ
ֱڣҲòϣݷ֮ѲĶ֣ݷ̤ʥףʱٽ֣ɻûбʤİˡ
ȻΪһ̿ͣʱɱ˲ǵʵġ


ľ ڶʮ ã
аһɫСһ̤ǿ֮У־ʩչ˻ΪһӰųԶǿնȥ
⵹Ҳм˼ֹһ䣬ӰѾʧɫСǽƾ֤ңҲֻӵɫСܽ˸Ӧķλ緽һͷǿ֮УֱӾʧˣҪ֪һ뿪˳УΧ㼸ͬգֻƾ豾ʵУҪϷλҲԲǼ̫׵顣
֪ܲνһж٣ԽʵҶֻʮɼһˣ£ȻӦ뽣һжԷĻôʵʵİնԷĲˣõɴ뿪ƳǣڣҪôһ£ͲǷҪĵˡ
Ȼ˵оΣҲԲɼԵĲ˵ǿ֮УԶеıӻһѾզˣҪ֪ʥǿߣ򲻵ѣҲԲôðʧġ
ϧһжڷ˵ȴûãһҲͲǰƵˡ
ЩǧļƷԴʱ֣ƷԴѾĸɾˣҪ֪֧ļƷԴһɫļƷԴԵļƷԴͬУЩȻ󣬵Ƕڷ˵ɾʱɲκôˣϾյıԴҲɱ¾ֶѣԴͲһһ㡣
ңҪǣɱ¾ԴûмƷԴıԴƺֻ޾ɱ¾ȡʲôɡ
û飬ԭǴ취ƷԴȫԴģȻܹ𵽴Чôٷˣշ˼Ҫһῴܲ޳ֱԴ֮źãЩƷԴҲô
Զ˲˵٣⿪ħ֮ĵڶطӡ͵бԴȫа
⣬֮УƷԴ𵽻ָãκԵԴǽתָĻЧһģֻƽֻûüƷԴָѡǷ֡õĺں
ɫСеĸӦڵλãƳǧѾԶԶ뿪˳ΧĲ˵Щʱʱðħ޾벽ʥˡ
ң⻹㣬һӵǿʵðߣԶ֮Щ˶ԴֶͬοҲԶԶ㲻ơ
Ƴǳ˽һܵʱ䣬ŴﵽɫСӦķλֻΧĿռȻҲ̺һ˿ԴϢȴҲûκ쳣ǷҲƾ豾ܸ֪һƬΣ֮ԲǱ濴ȥô򵥡
ˣ
ڷ̽ͬʱԶһâȻһͬŴ״ħ׹⣬ôĳŷ˹ݣǷ֪ǿ޷ֱһâʲô
ùļһаһϿûа㺬΢ţһѪȻŴɱ¾Ϣնսɫӵ
ֻǣϵǣڱصõһȻӹı˿ȥԭͿµٶȾȻ˲ٴŷɱ˹
ף
һȴҲҵһָ󳤽ȻΪһӽȥһֱѾֶˣٶȻ϶Զ֮ǰһѪܱġ
ǼˣӾȻҲ˽ʮε֮űն⻹һ̺ɱ¾Դ֮ѰǿߵĹ䵽ӵϣҲδܹ˵ֺ
һ֮䣬ӵߣ֮䷽ʬ֮ץһɫľʯƬ̺ԴĴ⣬ȻȻǼƷԴֻǲ֪ΪΣƬ̫СֻҪʮǿճһ鼫ƷԴĴС
ķӦν죬ͷһתоȻԼһ²⣬ֻͷԷʵҲһһ󷢺
ĪӸͲǵ֣ǳȺۼô
Ҫ˵һӣȻЩ죬ȴҲԶԶûдﵽܹвĵزǣЩӼʮ٣ۼһʱǿɾ;һˡ
򵥵ģϻԲһȺôϻֻҲñܿˡ
ͬĵڷļУһĳЩɳĮ֮Уһֽʳϵϣѹѹһʮļ֣֮󶼻˲仯Ϊɭɭ׹ǣ
ЩҲȺֵĻӵеʵֻԻɱʥǿˡ
ʶɨһƬڵĿռ䣬ȴǲҲ֮һ󷢺Ī֮ǰԼеĲô
뵽򣬷и뵽һΪµĲ²⣬ǰʱֵģô֮⣬ӵԴħҲܹͬôô˳˼·ȥƬտյΧٿֲħޣ
ˣ
·Ϊӡ֤뷨ôƬ̵ʱ䣬ȻоһǿԼķķ˹ȥȴнֻ߳˹
һ£ȴǶʱųһ亹ɶǻʵðոһֻӦȻôֻһǾ÷ľˡҪǣҲǽˣӦЩӣ˭ҿ϶ࣿǵˣǲһѡ
˵һ𣬷ʱ˿ԥһ̤Ȼ֮Уسɴ֮ܣŲƱ㽫Щ˦˸ɾ
㵹ǴĽһΪƴءǷչسɴͬʱòðͷСħٴ˳һźֹ̬
ãظһ֣㼸ѾȷˣԼ֮ǰ²ֻǰûСħǾԲĿ˵ġ
û뵽ʱ꣬ȻšӷļСħһΧŸ̾
֪򣿡һжʱ˲٣Դӽ֮Сħƺʧһ㣬û©ͷƾħ֮ĸ֪֪Сħڣֻ·綼ҪΪСħʧˡ
Ȼ켸صĵط֮һ֮ǰҾҪҪ취ȴ㴩ԽյʱվǴһЩӡҷѾȶᵽСħҲЩգҲΪôûгһ͡
΢΢ͷ絹ҲûϾЩôӦ״Ƿĵ⡣
㻹֪٣˵һЩһ£ֲãǶжپۼһ𣿡


ľ ڶʮ Դ
ڽ֮ǰҪʲô򣡡淽ʣСħû˿ļ꣬΢΢ų򻺻˵Ҫ⣬Ǹ㲻Ͳİ
򣿡΢΢һȻһܶഫ˵ȻЩһֻǴС˵Ӱ֮еĴڶѡ뵽Сħ֣µӣȴֲòⷽȥˡ
˵ĳЩµģ΢һ£ڻ̽ſڵ
ԭСħҪ÷緢ʲôģǷشȴǶʱ˲ʯˣҲܲУԼѡҲЩɡ
Ҳ´ô΢΢üٴ׷ʵ
ô֪ģѵҲڵЩӣ˭˵ųСħֹӦðȻ죬Ҳ֪ĴڲŶԡ
ˣڲµĶѡҡҡͷ˵һֱڲ²⣬ʥ֮ϻʲôûм֮ǰֻҲΪʥ׾յˡȻ²Ҳֻǲ²⣬ֱᵽҲôһ˵
һ飬ǲԸ˵ģҲֻôڷˡ
СħҲûе˼յצԴż͵ܲµˣͻʥ׵ǿߣӵһԼľƿ򣡵ȻʵܹͬƿķΧҲͬ

˲䣬о͸ֳ֣һʱ䣬ȴЩЦˣһЩС˵֮ľ磬ȻĳˣƺЩ뵽磬ȴҲÿЦŽˡϾǰһĹԼǿ֮УѾΥˡܹصһڵԼֺγǴ˵еĴˣ
Ƭ֮䣬񣬷Ȼڵˣô˵Ƭʵһλǿ߱ͷŶˣô˵νĿʵǵȴλǿߵĳ֣
ǡ룬Сħּ˵˵ȫǣһλǿͷųûλǿȴѾˡ
شȴЩԤˣʲôЦˣһ˺ܾõˣôάǿ
Ȼ²ĺ׼ǹվǲ˽ġӣСħһЩǷʲô֪ǳ˰ˣ
粢ûдСħĻֻǾĵСħȥ
ɵǿߣһչͲҪ̫ȥǿԽάϵ򳡵ĴڣĳЩ£Щǿ߼ˣ֮ǰͷŵҲ֮ɢǲǿ֮еÿһʱͻһΣȻֻǱĳ֣뵱ǲͬնġĵĽͣСħСצϣ˵ԡ
ֻȴǲɷˣܹΧռ֮еάϵڣǲһĥѭˣĴڣǻǵÿֲεȵز
Ҳﵽ־ôɬĴӿ³⼸֣ȴǶʱеԼϵѹ̫ࡣ
ſڣСħڻǵ˵ͷȻҲûм֣ȻȶĴڣһӹɡ
Ѿ׼СħȷϢȴǲɸеһƣ룬ԭΪѾ̽ʵһǣȴ֣Լվ̫͹һλˡ
Сħûг԰οҲ֪Ӧó԰οĽֻܿԼ򿪡
ԭسĬ˼ȴԽƮԽԶֱʮӹȥ±һĨâ֮ǰƣǷϸгԺ
ͷ˵ģ̨磬Ҫǿܹжǿ
ʲôģЩʲôֻСħȴδȫ壬ֻȴǱô̬ܵ𾪣ʶ׷һ䡣
ûʲô¶һ˿Ц⣬ֻ˵ȻܹﵽǵȾ磬ҲһܹգҲֻһڶѣһɳڵĵز
⵹ʵϸӷ紩Խ絽ڣҲʱѣʵȴѾȷ츲صı仯
̬ⷽСħż˵ģʲ۲ľΪ˿£οҰ㣬պȻҲδؾʤ㡣
ȻһЦȴҲЩϾ˵˵ǰɣҴӦˣôأ
ʵǿֻΪĴڣĶʮ꿪һΣÿʮ꣬ЩҲͻᾭһɱ䣬ЩֻǼɢöȺġ

ĸȴʵһԭڷԤ֮УЩҲֻһȺѣԤ̫֮ˣô˵ЩøûǰʥǿߣֻҲɣ
ģ֮ǰ㲻ôõģڿ֮֮еͻЩ̶ȵɱƲƲ죬СħĿڵܹģֻһЩСɵöѣֻҪСһЩ֮ɱҲʲô¡
һ˵ŷתһ룬ȴҲ˹Ͼִ˵ǿͷųģ֮Ѿ˺ܵ͵ĳ̶ȣȴҲܹ׳ܵģϾ۵ʵЩʵ㲻ʲôǵ˵ûκ塣
Ȼÿһ֮󣬶һЩɱ䣬ЩɱʵʥǿߣЩǵʱ˵Щ֮в
ȴҲ֮УνȻ򣬾ʤ̭ܹ֮дãȻΪһֲĴڣⱾȻ
һȣҿǵķΧֻٹôķΧΪʲôƵôϣͻȻ˵ǽҲֻʮ粻ʵ
ܼ򵥣Ҳ޵ģ̫࣬ͻеĹ죬ûüͻɢֱһλ㹻Сħû˿ԥſھͻش˳
΢΢ͷڳ׸ˣһɨԶô˵֮ǰҵҲȫû¸ˡ
͸һĨɱȴ˲ȷĿꡣ
֮ǰֻĪõĵϸȻѾ֪ʵ絹ûô˼ˣЩȻʵУǶԴĿȴǴ֮ģҲкܶԽĵطǲôսǶսǶԴ򶼻вСİĻᣬŹ
һѣ͵򿪳֮ǰˡ


ľ ڶʮ ü磡
һϮ֮ǰֵɱɢӰ٣òҲٴΣҪǣϵϢҲͬ˱仯£ԴǰҲԱϲǰĹӸǸضֲӰɱ֡
ͬ񣬷ֳıԴ֮ҲͬԴֵطԴɾԳƲˡ
Ϊ磬ʹ÷ʽһս֮вģãȻ֣Լվ̫ǳˣЩõԴ϶ǲԼģǣӦԴʽľȴԶԼ֮ϣЩõʵԼͬôڲƣԴսУǵԵҲԽӴˡ
ڷ籾ͲˣУõս֮УõӦ÷ʽϸԼԴĿʹã֪䣬Դ֮ϼȻʵû̫սȴԲԾһΡ
Ȼ񷽴ʵҲǿԸʮֻãٶ࣬ҲֻĶˣسɴ־ڣҲ
˵ȴѹûʹãһ񷽴籾ΪԼʵԴҪǣʱп˸ħ֮ǵ۽ʵ̫ۣһ˷֣̾ͻ
ԷʵҲԶԶûдﵽܹĵز
ಣ
󱻽ٵ׷𣬷̤־ɿڿܣҲͬΪһ⣬ܱ֤ڱ׷ϣֻߵ;УȴȻһ˵Ӱ
ҲǷΪʲô־ܵԭֵطһˣ˵棬ǲŴǳ
Ǻεƾ⣬ҲĿԷˡ
ԼĪҲʮҵͷЩ룬һɫĽ£һüôһÿһ̤ĺأƻȻʵϣÿһ֮䶼ʮ׵ľ룬ת֮䣬Ѿ뷽ֻ֮ңˡ
λֵСģ̫̫࣬Σգִٵ֮УԿѵ
⵹ǷʲôģֻΪ񹹽ݣмֹʣжȫЩɣ˲˿
ȻһǳҪǾǷԼһָоԷͲηЩãѾ֮
ȻӮ˶ԷĺøУŷһЦȻ޷Щãĳˣ
˵֮䣬˵ٶȴǸ˼֣̤֮䣬䵽˷ǰüһ˲͸һɺ֮УһĨǿıԴ֮ͷŶ֮䣬Ͱ﷽罫ǰЩõ
֮ԴͬʱСħڷСģ˶֮Դ⼫Ȼδ̤ʥףʵֻҲδǽС֮¡
СħеĽСȻԴݷ磡
һ˵ȴǲȻһݣҲ˼֮ɫϾСħ۹⣬ǷǳεģԲʲô
Ȼ˵ĹеüȻչÿһ䵽ȵ˼㣬ͬһ㣬ضʵɴݻ١
⻹㣬Է۹ȻҲܿ˵Ĺ̺֮ͬĴȻ˵̤ŽȣȴҲѰ벽ʥܹʩչģң񿴶Էĳ֣Ҳδȫ
õĹԲ˵Цģ̺ԴЩһۼһ𣬼ֱһجΣĹ˷ʤǳٿ죬ҲԽЩ¡
Ȼһüȴƫƫһֺٶȷпռ䣬ӲЩñƵ޷ֻҪñҵ̾ͻữΪ̶ۣ̲ӵʱ䣬ٵþȻн뱻ɱ
ȻǷ磬˹Ҳ͸˼֮ɫڲȫʵ£˾ԶԼܹӦġ
粢ûдչȥҲͬû뿪ֻǱһ԰ȫľ룬Ŀ˺ɨãͷȴվǲһԡ
ֱЩþɱŹ񣬡лλֵȣСδֵܸմ
ؿǾ֮ͶѣοҲֵ֣ٶȣֻҲװЩáȻһЦ֣գһ֡
磡ΪǱģǾأԴˣֻ΢һҲȻ׷ʡ
ҲΪô⻰ȻЩ֪֮ӣȴҲȷõڡ
ȻЦһ£̧ͷ򷽴ҵû뵽־ȻҵĻ硣
粢ûݣҲͬʷݣϵûеһңһ˾ǰֻ¶ٶмأҲʣֻһþͻΪС
޷ЩѣҲջ񡣡ЦЦ˵
ԴģջȻ⣬ȴҪȹϲˡⷽĽͣЦſڵ⻰ȻмЦ֮⣬ȴҲܣԴ˵ֻһĻᣬǶԴ˵ȴ֮ɱ֮
Ըּܽԡ΢֣漴ڵЩԴֲô
֮ԴЩԴãҡͷ漴Ц֣ܹõЩҲǽ軨׷𡣡
˵֮䣬üһǰЩʬеԴƬ£һƽƽŷ˹
ˣлˣȴҲŤ󣬴󷽷ľˣȻЩԴʵҲ࣬Ҳ൱ĿżƷԴѡ
Ҳֻʱ䣬һеˣӦҲ쵽ˣ֪δ㣿αԴڷȴԽ˼֣ʶѯʵ
СҲǵһεΪҽ󡣡һףԷ⻰Բ޵ķʸǷѯʵ
ƺҲ⣬˵ͷ㿪ڽ͵ڶǰĴ඼ǶԱʵΪߣȻṳ̂ʥףȴҲ޽ӽʥ׵ǿߣңƣһԲϣжֵĿһжΣ
ôһ㣬Ҳˣõʸ˿Ҳӣ֮δرû֮ǰгģɲõĽ֮أοڶǰĶǸ֣ҵ׶ǲǻɱˣñȻΪ񣡺οֻ֮ҲδؾһźܹһЩ֣û˻⡣
һ⿪֮ǰӣɾ;Բ̫ƽˣȻǿǿߣǱԷΧҲδؾ͸˵ȫˣкϵܹʱͬˣȻҪȫĶˡ
ͨһ㣬ﻹаԥЦŴӦֻҪֲСʵССԵֹˣ


ľ ڶʮ 񹬣ӣ
̤飬а׹ӿ顣
ЩӣҲѾ˲ˣȻҪɧǰһλΪԭѾ˧ף۵İ׹⣬ͬתһ㣬͸һʥ߰Ϣֱһĵݣ˸޷ӡ
磬δϵϢȴԽʵ˼ְ
ϣݸһ¶磬һһӣΪʱһսߵķȻҲ֮Ŀλ˧һͿ
ʧˣֻʱüͷ΢һ仰͵˻ȥ֮еĻҩζʮ㣬ǷҲû뵽λƽջº͵ͬ龹ȻͻȻ¶Ũҵĵ⡣
磬㻹ӣ˿Ϊ⣬Էʼת򷽴λֵܵĺܣôƺ
ȻǽʱˣȻվһߵģĴһ䣬ȴһǧ֮ļơ
֣ΣյĽһΣӣ񹬵ӽһ𣬿ɰȫĶࡣ˿ںı飬ʵȻû˵ев֮⣬ȴչ¶ݡ
Ǻε˼ô򵥵ļ仰ףֻǲݵ𣬶ңӶԷ̬ԷʵֻҲǺ֮£Ҳǿߡ
ӱͲֳĺĵˣοαװݣҪӪһ־ӵ̬ͷɿתüͷȴ֮¶һ˿֮ɫ¹Ϊӣѵ㲻֪߳Ϊôһ𣬸ȴоʵ֮һ֡
Ȼ磬Ҳȫû뵽羹Ȼ˵ôһһʱ䣬ȴҲЩӸֱӱɫ࣬ǹ˼ڲֻ࣬ʱҪˡ
ܵԷͷŶϢò˱̤ܵһһУ󳤽Ȼ֣һĨɫңָӣôʹҪֲɣ
ãõĺܣһ漴ЦҵҪʲôʸ˵
Ϊ񹬵ӣʱܹһ˲ͬҩͰһ㣬Ȼըˣһֲʥۣգ֮۳һսǹδһǿ󾻻֮纣Ϯ
һ˲䣬ɫ㲻΢䣬Ĺ֮ԴԾһУʥԸֱ͸꣬˲Ծη֮У·ԷǸ߸ϵ飬˶ݳ
΢֮䣬˵ȻΪһ磬Դͬˣȥ̧־һԴĳ쵽޷壬˲Ϣ֮Ϯӵߡ
һɲǼ䣬Ҳڶɫսǹһͬ˿ռɵĵ䵽˷һ֮ǰûаͣ˲ǿĹ֮ԴȻҵĳһֹϮ˲Ϣ֮㽫ն֮谭򷽴ʺ
ӳֿʼӱ㲻˿أ⿴ƽһǹȴѾ㾡ȫƱҪһնɱ
ʵϣҲȷˣȻԷǿᣬֻԴ£ȻҲȫ޷һ۶ڹ֮ԴƿأԷȻѾﵽʥ׵ٽ㣬Զֻ׵ķոŵԴܹġûֶΣһԽĨɱˡ
˵һǹܹİ벽ʥ׾ָ޴˵սҲԽڶΪ񹬵ˡ
һǹгʱ򣬷ȻܵһɿֲΣУһɲʶֶѾ˵۽֮ϣֻͷһת㱻Ӳ˿˻Ϊһ⵹ɶأͬʱ̤־ٶȷӵ˼£ڼ䲻ݷ֮ܿһǹ
Դ
һˣȴӵͫȻһ̲ס˳
ԭƵ𷽴磬һ̺֮ԴȻȴʵ̫СѰİ벽ʥ׹Ȼǿ٣ǰȴ˿Ȼһ֮䣬˻Ϊ磬Դ֮еļڹ͵쾡£еɾͽȻͬˡ
һշ֮ʱ˵ҪһԴɵʥף򣬵ǻĸɾˣΨһԴ
񹬣ӵ۹Ȼͬ׼һ۱жϳ˷״ֻ̬һۣȴҲԽļᶨɱ֮ġ
ʲôط򰡣ЩԴ˵ֱɱãڰ벽ʥʱԴˣǾԵ˳Ĵ֮̾Ĳһ̤ʥ׵ǸʱɱǾԵľˡ
Ӻô磬Ҳôǹ׷ɱ˲䣬Ҳڶü΢΢һһɫĹĻȻ䣬ͬԴһƬһ㣬˲ͽĵǰ
֮ǰͬһóʵص֮Դһת֮䣬㱬оâ֮Ȼڷ֮ķҲеһļ¡
۹֮ԴǿģҪ˵Ǿһ׼ǿܣ֮Դĺؼȫһйͬһ㣬ƾ޷
ֱĳ֣һոһδûг֮̽⣬˲Ľ֮£ĸоӵʵһɧһЩƵΨֱ˿ʵȴġ
绹֣˵ãҲֻܱ©һЩˣã֮ͬǰԤһݵĽ֮͸ɴĽ˶ԷĹơ
ȻҪɱ˷磬ǶȴǲԸӲƴģд֮ڱ˴˵ʵҲǳϤǾԲǲֳִܷ֮ʤģǿҪȥ¾Ǹܾ˵³˭Ҳһ֮ˡ
٣ãҼסˣһδӵֻ֣ĿŷҵҪܻ㵽ʱ
αͽѿ֮ܣֻ֮»һ˭ҪӣĿӣķ̵
Ȼӣ⻰Ҳƺһֻתˡ
һǿֲ֮µѹˣԴΪͬԴԣܵѹС緽ѾԴˣܹӦеı仯뾫裬Ǹһ㣬ܹ֮е֮˳֮£ֻ֮ӵĻпܾˡ
лֱ֣˿̣Ͼл
ֱΪҳͷҲ㣬ǡҡͷ˵ʽ죬ֻҪСˣӴȥѰҰ֣´ֻסӣȴҲֻԳˡ


ľ ڶʮ Σ
νľӣΣǰһһʵǰᱻݺݵ˺¡
񷽴ԵıΣֻǣǳĬƬ̣ҲȻЦ˳޷̤·ʼҾûɱңɱȥҲˣΪ壿
ã̲סһЩ̾ĳһҲӢߣȻȴʵټַģұؽ߾ȫ㣬ӣҲδ˭ɱ˭
Ȼ˵ĺţǣ֮ʣȴҪӱСģǾԼˡ
벻ϣ޷ӵֲ񼴱֮δƾӵʵҲԲСȻĴҪ͵ϮּѵģҲصĶԷɱһ㰵͵Ϯ
Ȼϵǣһ죬ӶûκϢ·ķΧʧһ㣬¶˿ۼ
ֱӭ˵һ֮ͣȻѣ
ǾԴСô
ңңָŷ磬ͻȻʵ㻹ʮ׵ľ룬ǶȾǿ˵һ֮ľѡ
Ǻˣ΢΢ü簺Ȼ̤һʵ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣ㲻̤򣡡ںĺʣԷЦȥһ˵ã͵óΪ֮ˡ
һ˲䣬ȻͷһĨɭȻɱвң
в㣡ŷ磬͸һĨм֮⣬˵ܶһԡ
ŭ֮£ȴǲŭЦôĿȻˣɣ
˵֮䣬һƾ۳һɫ֮һ̤Ҫֻ֣ǣ߻ṳ̂㱻קһ£ֱӵϣһ̣ɫȴüΪأʱ֮ϡ
ͶõģƾλݣֻҲûǸʸ˰ɣüһ٣һɺصĻɫĻɢ绺ɨ˿ʵ
ǳˣҵȻ֣ȴУһָ磬磬Ҳһѵ֪Դǿ߽ζʲô𣿡
ôһ˵뷽ȴͬʱüͷȻˣȴҲѾԼһּΪõԤС
ʮһ֣ÿοе޵ģҲɾʥǿߣδȥСӾҪռһ٣ֶͨҲͰˣôɵĽȥЦЦһ仰ӳȴҲ÷ʱйؽڣ
˵ôԼҪԵľͲֻǼˣ񵽴ˣǲŵΣˣ
ȻԷôҲ˵ǴǻһǶȣֻ·ҲȡͬķʽأʲôǼٵģ
Щô֪ģ
һӣȻӵȵزһ統ŭ˳֮Դ֮͸һѹǷ磬ҲܸопֲѹȸУ͸˵ˡ
Ǹ֣ˣδϵӾȻ޳ܣϢй¶ȥ˷һۣ漴һȭģΪУĳҲȻһսס
һ˵ĸɾ䣬ȫû˿ԥͬʱ͸һǿ·𼴱ˣҲһֳ죡
⻰绹δ˵ʲôȴǲȻɫ䣬磬ĪǵҪΪô
ޣмһڣ漴ЦʲôҲˣ֮ʱҲûԴǿ߽붯֣һԣǱ𣬻Щϲıնɱ
һ˲䣬ȻӿֳһΨҶİüһȷ𻰣Ȼȳ֣һȥ
֮ԴͲٶȼȻһ纬ŭ֣ȴ죬һ˲ͷ˿ռ䣬˾УȻҪһԵĲ˵ֶֻΣ
죬ĶҲֵͬ˲䣬ҲͬӶ֮ն䣬ٶ֮ϣĿȴ˵ĺ·ȻҪ֮ȫ¡
ɱ
ۼ˿ռ䣬оͨԴķ˺·ʱڸѣȴҲѪԣһһŷϮ
죬ƺǼΪЩȻҲ֪ʵó֮Դķ£Ҫ·Ȼ̫ѣǷ磬֮ԴҲǿ֮£пܴȱڣǽնɱ
ף
һһָԴ˲߷£ת֮䣬ǿ֮б۳һɿֲͷĺͬʱҲγһߣ
ȻֻܶԴʵҲվѰ벽ʥܹģйɫʵϣͨİ벽ףϢ֮䣬аϮɱֻǣڵȵģҲӹ֣㲻磬ЩǿȣȴҲǷִܹ򷢵ġ
һɲǼ䣬ɱֲĲɢԽѰֱĨɱ
ƴ֮£ǷһˣֻԴ£ֻ»ᱻˣǣȴֻзһ˰
ǣƬ̵ʱ䣬Ǿ޵һǿ·ռ䶼Ϊ֮Щ֮
绹Ƿ磬Ǿþɱǿߣһֱǲ˿أƬ֮䣬˱㳹ױѹƵ·磬ûκλֻ֮ǣڴͬʱԶȴȻмǿϢƽҪκνͣ㷴Ӧ˹Ȼ˱˹
ӵֶΣԴϢֻѾˣʣˣԲκ⣡
ˣ
һˣ統΢һ˱ƿȵ
ôƬ̵ʱ䣬ҲͬԾս֣΢һͷȻΪһ磬෴ķߡ
־磬ٶȵﵽһּΪֲĵزһ֮䣬ԶԶ˦˿ȥ磬Ҳǿ϶ѣȴֻž뱻һ
ֻǣôһˣԭҪնɱȴǶʱΣգ֮ǰϮɱù
λѾҪСӣвðˡһ֣˵˵СӵٶȣҲˣȷԴ
޷Ҫ򣬷ܹӲķΧǱ˴˲Ҫ̫Զһ̷źţȻ֮ܽΧɱ
ȻʵǿȴҲδ޵УȻ֣Ҳֳ֡
ţŷߵķ׷ȥǵ̺Ƶڷ˵̤֮ⳡͻΣգŸոտʼ
ڣĿʱ䣡


ľ ڶʮ ã
ٹﷶΧľ룬ͨ˵ǺܴķΧǣҲǰ벽ʥףǾ滹㲻ʲô
ĵļ£һԳѣȻķͳΪеΨһЩϡľǣʵû˸ҵжҪȡΧɱķʽ
ЩǵķΧľ룬ȫûʲôǣʮһɢȫˣȻҪ˼ɷǵķˣЩҲĸ˾ۼһ÷һ˿ϢĻᣬĻ޿ӡ
ǣˣڷ˵Ҳͬһĸˣ
챾Ͳطȥèèһ޼ʵǿգڣƵķֻܲϵƶ̶̲Сʱʱ֮ڣСս;ĳȻû˸սһˣ
ֻ֣ºٶȥˣ뿪ķΧ򣬸޿ˡŷٴαܿһ˵׷ڻǿ˵
֣񲻹ֻۣҪ˿ţû˻Ϊġһ£ȻڵңҲµġ
ⷬ絹ûаαƾĶۣʱĲٸˣȻһΪǿİ֣ǣ棬ֻҪܿ磬һˣ練ܹɰˡ
ϧѹ֪Щģ⻰һʱΪҪժȥȻԳеһУüͷȻһ֣˵ҵʲôˣĪǣУұ㵣ûô
⻰һȴǶʱеĻ˻ȥüͷ΢΢Ƭ̣վǿЦҲգǱҶֶսɣȻԷڶ࣬ȴҲδؾûһս֮
˵⣬üȻһ˿ɱ⣬ɭȻȻѾˣǲһЩˣ
ЩĿŷ磬ȴȫȻ֪µ񣬻ʲôð취Χ֮ڣʵĶԱȣʵЩ󣬸޷Сǣ̬ȣȴ˼ᶨ񣬵ȷʲô׳нһ㡣
֣ɱˣƬԶֹֻڡһ˵
˵ãһ˲䣬Ҳ㷴Ӧ˹֮ǰķ֮У˶ǾܿãʱҲһʵϣЩڣ˶˼ɣȫٷеĻҲѾƳȥˡ
ֻǣ񷽴⻰һ㣬ȴˣЩó˸Լ鷳⣬Ҳܹͬã
ӼȻϢɢȥƶΪΪʲôܽƣƽ˵Щãҵƣ
Ҳɵӣôһ˵ʱ˷ļƻڷ˵ʵǿģǣҪٶȣЩ˻ûһܸϵϵģֻҪǱΧסͲõĻᱻ˭ץס
һֻҪãЩþܱɷĴ֣ϾЩǲ˵ģһǱ˭˭Ҫ֪ɲ˵ٶȶÿġ
Ҳûͣһ̤˱ȻΪһӰŸоλ÷˹ȥ

ϣһ˭ѵô
ǰ棬žŸĵӣ½ͻȻʵרŴӽ˱νӵĴˣ𱣻ЩӰȫ֮С
½ϣһҸһλʽѣҲΪҽ˼ĺôЩ飬պԻŽ͡û˿η壬γشһ˿֮ɫ
ˣ½ĳſˡƳһۣ½漴ڵݷαصû֮ܲУҽӣƺ̫֮ˣºջ̫ˡ
½˵Цˣͽʵ˵ݷȣȴҲ̫ɣ˵ѹЩƽֶλеġЦһ£漴˵˵ҲǴĻᣬԴģܹõĺôʵҲޣݷӣҲδػʱչˡ
ᵽԼͽܣ½ǺЩģ񽣸УݷǸԶԶ˦֮⣬УҲ㵱ͽܣĪΪɫˡ
ֻ뵽ݷ磬½Ҳδ⻹ЩĽ̾ϢݷĪվǲ˲ֹһﰡ
⵹ҲԷƱϰ̤Žݷʵڱ˸̫߳ˣͬǰ벽ʥף˿ݷһδؽӵȻ½սݷ֮ʱݷҲֻ˲ʮоͽսң⻹ûж̤Žǰ¡
֮Уݷʵѹûзⲻһп޵Ļѣֻ޽Ҫ֣ûбչأҲ˵֮䡣
ˣӵȣԽݷ統ƽУϧݷȴǺںǵǣ½һҲλꡣ
뵽⣬½Ŀ䵽ԴϣĿ֮Щ䣬ֻǾЩʲôȴܹ֪ˡ
ӿһٶȰɣвʱ䣬Ǿɻв̵ľ롣˼Ƭ̣½ڻǿ˵

ŴӰҹϢɱһ˿֮ɫȴվû˵ֱһģĻӰǰ
¾ûлô
ĬãɱŻڵʵң硭ǲѾ̤죿
ĿһɱŻ˵ͷ۾Գ֣ͨû֮ͨУӦѾˡ
۾Ƭ֮ɱŽеĶݸû´ĻӦþˡ
ΪЩ죬ӹɨһۣȴ¶һĨЦ⣬˼Ӱôûɱֵ츳รҵˣ˼֮УƺҲŪ飬ƺиС⡣
Ϲɱ֮ʱӾԾͨɱ֮УҲֻһСѣȻ統жʽҲǲ֪ģϾʱķʵʵ̫ˣҲû˼ȥоЩֻɨһۣ֪йѡ
²СⰡ΢΢ҡͷɱ漴˵磬Ҳһֿ͸ĸо
һڵҵû뵽ȻҲ˸ߵۡ
Цһ£뵽ħ֮оһУɱ̾Ϣһǲ´ˣҶ֮ʱûа˵أİУɱҲҺĴǱƣò
⻰Ȼɫ䣬ôܣֻ֮壬ʱŽֻеؽףڶɽ֮ʱ㾹Ȼ
ĬĬͷɱ㲻һôңعصʱû㾡ȫ
ᵽ𣬷紳֮ʱı֣ʱԼͬ޶Ĺ֮ڣþһֶô


ľ ڶʮ ׷ɱ壡
һ·УȴȻ͸żֲ͡
ɱ£ʮŬʵʥҲֻһ֮ˣһ򣬷۱Ǵ֮ģһľӢҲȫУ˵һɵˣǾݷˣ˵ݷڽأȴǴһε֮Уһ÷Щʧ
ûݷҲã˷۱Ѿ¶˾ģһҪѪһɱ¾賡Щ˵Ѫ̤̾ʥ׵Ĵ
ڣɱ˵Ǹ磬ȴǲûзϵģһ˵õ۴еļһѣ˵ˣҲ޷ǾǰһӶѡˣ㲻ʲôвҲ֪ΪʲôʦȻƳ磬Ǽɵγ֮ǰǶ˷磬СģԲ֮ΪС
ҡҡͷȻȺ֮УӰΪɱĵӣԼĶλ֮ǰԲʲôͷֻҪˡ֮ǰıҲۣ޷ǾһѰİ벽ʥ׶ѡ
ǣǸ磬мֹ˼ɣܹ֮ԴȾ磬Ҫ̤ʥӦǺˣĽֻһѣΪ֮ԴԣҲûʮİܹ֮ɱ

һ˲䣬ͻȻоԶ뷽Ϣֻǳ֮⣬ȻһɼΪǿǣã
Ƭ֮䣬۾ͷӦ˹ڷȺȻǧֻҲЩɵˣֲܱ¶ݵǰ¡
ڸһ·⼸ˣǾ͸ˣ֮ǰ˷ܵҪΧɱǣȴʱ˵ǵͷܣ
ôôôһѵãյĽţЩ˼һɢʱٶȿĶˡ
һ˿мȴҲûгʲôͷҲһͷܣ
ЩȻ࣬⼸֣ҲδؾһܶԸֻǣʱЩʱ˵ı׶˾ֳˣ˭ԸȥǸùҲŲߵκˣɱˣסԼСҪ
ֻǣǵЩõôһ䣬бһƶϣתת㼸Ѿܹ϶ˡ
δȺ廹û֣ЩֻһЩɢöѣܾۼôĻֻһͣЩãǶԷһġ
뵽⣬۵ȴǲ¶һ˿Ц⣬ԭΪʵЩѲ⣬ԷǲһȴȤĶ˰
ȻЩȴǾԲ˵ģһֻͣǾͶԷıݣ˶ѡ
ǵһõģٴ֮󣬾ۼ˼ֻЩԽԽãȴǸ޿֣һ·׷˵Ҵܣкɨ֮ơ
ʹ죬ʹ죡ԶԶĿӣȻѾǧֻȺҲûҴչȴҲ̲סЦ
һɢɳѣӦѾ㹻ŵˡȻһЦͷƳһƶȺ˵
ʵϣЩҲһֱôƶᣬڷ׷ϲϷ֮Ҳͷ׼Ŀֻ꣬ǣȴţƤƵģմϾͲߣֻҪþȥ𴦵ƣ͵ͷȺ½Щþۼ
㵹ɣֻҪˡЦһ£Щε˵Ž׷ĴҴܹȻʹ죬Ҫٶȣ绹ȲϷ磬һʱ䣬ȫƾǿʵӲţһļȥˣʱЩˡ
֣ѾȫˣҲʱֿΣ˼һ£ٴ˵ֻҪȵ֮ټ
ֿôҵиõ⡣üͷ漴˵

ǼȻҪ棬Ǿ͸ɴģ취Է֮ƣɱɾȻͲٵˡͷ͸һɭȻɱ翴ŷ磬
ͫȻһ漴չյԷҲɵӣҪǲס
˺ĵģ˵ӣЦһ£漴˵һҪɱ㣬ֻҪ뿪ԼƣһЩԲ£ңǰҺõص㣬֮Դռ䣬ֻҪ㽫ռ֮У̷ռ䣬ʱӶûطӣӦˣֽնɱǡ
΢˼һ£һĨâɭȻͷãҲ̫˲ǣȻҶǳ֣Ҫñɱ׼
Ȼˣһµطжɣһȭͷ漴ż˷֮⿪˵

ӣô죿ѾֿˣЩÿûɢ
ѾֻзǧֻĴתƣû磬ٶȸ죬ȴԽ޼ɵˣ֮£ʮֻٴδյһ𣬿ʵ
֮ǰЩÿǸЩƽ۸ڶļһһΪ̵ӡ󣬷ôתƣȴʱ˾ЩϻԴ޴צĸоЩÿɱȴϵĴ̸ҪĶˡ
ûþۼʱЩǶԷһģЩÿɲĳܹǣѵͲṥôһ漴˵һСģͻԼҲţʱܶûȥ
ô˵ǣٶʵ̫ˣø׷Ǵյ̫ôõĹǿɵס
ٶȿ죬ѵǾͲܸһôƲƲ죬漴ںķʵ
ӣ˵
ֻҪѹӶʱԼеļƻ˵˳һʱ䣬˶ʱоǰһͷ
⣡ǾôɣһΣƱ޻أ
ɱãӦ

ǧãͬһƬһ㣬ֲ֮ڶ˻Ϊһ磬ߣһȻԵõӡ
ףԶԶĿӣһΣԷȴûпܣĵԭء
һٶټ˼֣Цңңڵӣһ㲻ôĪеһսô
Ц֮ǰ˱ܣΪڣֻһˣѵһ㲻ɣĿŷ磬ɭȻڵЩãҿɲ壬ĪΪֻűõٶȿ첻ɣ
й֮ԴӵٶȻȲϷ磬ȴҲԲȣҲҪһߡ
üͷ΢΢һ漴ߵðе׷˭˭
ӣȴҲ̫ɪϾǲʶģڹӵʱҲͬṥ˵ǽƣҲվֻܴתȦӡ
Կˣ͸һĨâȴҲϻԱŷ˳ȥ
׷ˣҵǸ֪ǲҲкһٶȣκβ㣬׷ǻаյģ仰һ·λȷ˳ȥ


ľ ʮ ˭Ĳ֣˭ķɱ
һھۼõĵ²֪ӡ󷨣ȴһּΪĸо·ʲôԼһ
ռƻȥ磬취Ƭ֪÷ӡ󷨵ĵطȻ󴥷ӡö棬ʱ޴ӵķ磬ȻͻõļƻƺӸӡҲ֮ǰûκζߣǷ֮Դǲ֪£ҲԷֲˣ
ǣ֪Ϊʲôƾ豾ܣ۾ǸоƺʲôˣܻᵼеļƻһвԼ
ֻͷʵ̫ƮˣѾ˼ҲҲʲô쳣
磬ٶȿ㣬𷢴ǵʱɲ࣡˵󲻴˵Сģӽûúãǿɾ鷳ˣϾҲɵӣһǲɣƭڶοɾ̫ˡ
̲סһ·۵ļ漴ֹֿˣ˭ŵ㣬˵Ǹֿˣɱ緢ˣȥ
磡
˵ģ⣡ô򵥵һ֣ȴǶʱ÷һƬ
û磬ԼǲԴͻȻʧ˵磡
һ˲䣬۵жʱתͷûȻԼЩܹȥɱôΪʲôͲֻͬɱԼЩأ
ƻҪ̫ı䶯ֻҪͬһܹռ취ԼЩһȥʱ˾ͲòƴһˣҾ֮£ֻҪٶȹ죬ܹŵ˶ϮɱʱǼӣֿɱ˶δزܰ
һˣȴǶʱһݣԷҲвõĻô˭ô
˼˺ܾãȴվûнЩ²˵ֻԽС˵Χ
һ㣬Ͼˡһȣ˹ˣ
Ƿ˼ͬʱȴȻԶһϤӰӣǵĻɫԴ֮ޱȵ˵˵ݡ磡
磡͵һ䣬ʱ˺˳ߵ׷
һЩ˼󷨣ȥ׷磬һţҲ֪˭һ䣬ֻʮҼ󷨣ȴһѷ׷˹ȥ
ô˼ô׷һҪֶΣ̫޳ô͸һĨɱɭȻںȵ
ޣ磬ҹȥСӸ׷ǹʣһҪһſھ˻ȥ磬ȰòҪ鷳Ҳֻһˣô֣һУֻҲøСᣡ
ƾǣЦһҲϻת෴ķȥǵֶѾҿѵΪܰĵô
׷Բˣ
һ˶ƴ׷ȥ˶൹ȫη壬һĳȥнնɱļơ
ֻ˲ͬȴǲȻһ˻ˣʵȴģٶȿƺܿ죬ȻʵȴԶûдﵽļޣٷаʵĻٶȻҪڵôΨһĽ;ǣǹģѹЩˡĿģʣȻǸְ
鷢չزȴԽˣԼЩԷͬʱ֣ңʣѾɹˣֻò˶ãЩ˾ͻᱻ粼úõλãʱֻҪ΢ǣƬ̣㹻ӷɹˣȵЩ˷Ӧʱֻ¾ѾҪȥӦǵصˣ
ľ֣Ҳȫ
ǾʵֻҪӵǿʵлĿܣǲ˵ģǣֻҪ㹻ǿ󣬾ܹŵ󣬳Ϊʤߣ
ȻĿǰľϿǿ˾ӣ֮⣬ٶȣҲͬ˵ʵ룬ô˵ˣֵ󣬾磬ԼӵıƴˣֻĿܸ
ЩǻԼ
ԼʵžԵţʱֻҪȫʵˣ绹ӣȻ壬ͲҪǸˣһ޴ΣͬģõĺãҲܹΪɱԳ
촽۶ʱ˵˼ɱ¾ԴҪѪ̵棬Щ˵ۿûаϵǲã
Ƭ֮䣬ѾЩ׷˽ڴͬʱҲȻԶԶܹһƬɫƣȻǿֲȺ
סǹˣ
ƺǵ˼ޣʱм˱˿µٶȣ
磬߲ˣֻҪڵͷܣǿԱ֤İȫ򣬾ͲҪҵˡ
ۿǺܿͻЩ˶絹ҲЩɵ̽ٴοв
ޣƾǣΪܹκεô͸һ˿⣬üȻһŨҵ֮ԴȻԼĻסȴǴҪʱ䵽ˡ
üͷ΢ɲʱ򣬷Ѿȫȷˣõɱλãң±ԤƵĸЩȻڶ࣬籾ԷҪڶʱڻ磬ǲܵģ
ôһת۵Ĺ򣬸ǵصĹѾһԵ綪˹ȥݺݵ䵽üĻɫĻ֮ϣǰҵʱ䣬ǻɫĹĻѾüȶˣ
һǸĪģﶼӰѽҪˣ
ôһߺȣ˹ǴĸˣֻǿѾ֧ĹĻһͿܱȴƫƫִ֧ţ͸ĻѾܹΪ͸֧ȣҰ׵ɫˡ
ΨзףһжαװģĴ⿴֧ĹĻٻֽܼʮӵʱ䣬ʱ򣬴ȺӣѾֻǧˣƬܸ̾ϵ
ɱƴŴһᱻ׷ҲɱȻ͹һˣۿñƽߺȹĶ
ôһԭѾЩȶ繥ȥ
ĬĬž룬еЦȴԽԽأ
ڣ
ǷȻΪⴳΧ׵ľͬʱȻһͬʱ˿һξ룡
ڴͬʱΧĿȻһĲһŨ֮ԴϢգ֮䣬γһҵĽҲǡǴʱԭƺѾ򵽾磬üȻһֲĹȻӲһ϶˳ȥ
ˣ
һ̣˱ȥѾɫ
мˣ
һ̣˵б㲻ͬʱ֣ϧһȴѾ̫ˣΧĿռ䶼Ѿ׷ûа·
һεĲ֣ѾɣƺѾڲ֪䣬֮Сһ


ľ ʮһ 㣬͵Ϯ
λһ·þǰĳɿλһչˣ
һԾ˰ΧȦ̲סЦֻЦ˵ǱֱһجˣһԶ޷جΣ
磬ңͬһʱ䣬ͬһգ۵ڱŭĺ˳
ƣѶ㲻ͬô֮ǰۼЩڲ󷨣Ǵͬ˼ɣֻû뵽˶ѣЦƳӣ粻мķ
㣡ûôһ£ȴǱİ˵ƣԭû˭˭ԣ޷Ǿǳܿܶѣ
ӣ㴦ĻҪңһԸ͵Ĺɣô˸ᣬҲԵˣܿȺĿӿ˵
Ƭռ֮Уҵ˹Ŀ꣬ʱ㽫Լ磬ѿеĿʱˣһѷȥ
㵹Ǻúݵģ俴ŷ磬ɭȻڵΪӮˣֻΣ
ָ͸һǿҵİ׹⣬ϹâʤʥϢ뷽Ҳ˳˼ЩɵĿӡ
Щ˸أ˵ףⲻ֮սѣѵΪͳԶôһ˿֮ɫ˫ᣬϵ˲䲻ͻƵʥ׵ƣ
СģҪƴˣ
Ŀ΢΢һѵ
ƴҲ̫СˣһұҪ͸һĨɭȻɱȻ˵ҵҪԴܾܲȵ㣡
µ˲䣬ӱȻһģĹ֮Ӱзɿ㶯ת֮䣬γһ޴ӡ
ӡ
ӿ³⼸֣һ˲䣬ƺǿҵĹ֮Դ֮ȻʴƬռ䣬·ҪƬռ֮ڵһжȫһ㣡
Σһ̣ܵ˿ֲѹȸУĹѾﵽʥ׵Ĺ̶ȣƾԴ޷⣬һɲǣȫնɱӵĴ㣡
֮
͸һĨ֮ɫ绺ӿ³ĸ֣ڵԴ֮ȻȫӲڿ۳һѳʮ׵ɫ֮
֮䣬ҲͬѾﵽ˷絥ƾԴܹﵽļޣŵ˵ƾһƱѾԺɱڳ֮κһ벽ʥˣ
ǣˣڴӡĹǲ
ӵĿ΢΢һ漴¶һ˿м֮ɫ㵹ǲصĹЩ
ĶӣȴǺ΢΢۾һɲǼ䣬񳹵׳뽣֮Уһ̣һ֮Ծ֮ϣ
һ˲䣬˶·𱻰֮һ㣬һĨֲĽ͸񷣬һĨҫ۵ʥնȥ

ع֮ʱѾһЩ⾳ɱ¾֮֮ƾԴȻС࣬ȴҲ˲٣Σ֮£ȴƾ˳⾳һ˲֮ϣѤһ
һ£ҲȻɫ䣡
ķ磬ʵȴԶԶԤˣҲԿӡǱˣһǷΧԹͬʱ򷽴ˣһȻܵ
ȴԵ棬һɾ͵Ԥˡ
ʱҲݲ˼ˣɲ֮䣬Ӱ㳹ױҫ۵ʥ⸲ǣۼˣ
¡¡
ӡֲĳһŽ߸ͬ˽ȥĹ֮Դ֮£ûǼ벽ʥ׶ûаֿأת֮ͱ׾ۼû£
ۣ
ֱʥ⳹£ڲԶ˷ǱӰԭ֮ѾѲһϮҲͬ׷飬ֻżƲƬһ㡣
ҪǣһҲڲظһھѪ˱ήҲƺʱܵȥ
û뵽㾹Ȼڽ֮Ҳ裬վ̫СˣĶŷ磬ӻ˵еɱܶһһվһ
ôոһ˵ҲǲСĸɰɣ㣬ͷżΣĵӣĻؾ
ˣˣ˵֮䣬Ҳ漴ŷķȥɭȻڵ
ģ֣Ȼɵߣһ˵һſ磬Ȼ˵ͬʱеüȴȻ𣬶ǹĿȴӣǡ磡
˭ƺûϵʤԶ£羹ȻͻȻ͵Ϯ˽ľ룬һǴʵˣ˵񷽴Ѿǿ֮ĩˣȫʢ״̬֮£ֻҲһ
ֻǣǣ·׼ֵ̧˲䣬˾ȻΪһ磬˲Ϣ֮˳˽ףտտܿһ
Ȼˣ٣磬ӸͲ𣬶Ѱɣܿɱһ͵ϮЦɭȻڵ
һ˲䣬绹ӵͫ׶һŵĶŷ磬ô֪ܣһжĺأôֵܷģ
ʵϣ籩͵Ϯ˲䣬ԶѾñƵķۣҲһ˿Ȼ֮ɫľһֱļ֮ڣͻȻһ͵ϮȴʵһȻ֮󷽴ķӦһ󷢺ͬĶŷ磬֮ǰһУҲ֪ǴڷλãҲ޷ϵıѵġ
΢΢ҡͷǴżּ֮ɫΪ޷죬ȴˣһǶ̫ɺˣ˵һʼʹ
⻰ȴˣʵϣԷӣͲܹ˵ģһʼʱʵѾʣ
̫˵ˣ˵÷粻òˣΪԼʱֳʵûֵύĵط
ϱļƷԴƬ֮ʱʾѾˣ֮֮ʱ̬ȣĽ̸Ƿ̽һ緽˵һʼͲ쳣ôʵ̫ˡ
һӽ֮ʱҪֺ֣αصȵӽ֮
ȻǳϤôô벻ӻὫԼԴϢй¶ȥҪ֪Уӿ



ѪģǶ˽⣬ô
ڱΧɱ֪֮ٶȿ죬ִҪһ𷽴ÿԽ֮ôľƣ
ҲͬôɵҪƵľ֣ɺϵı緢֣ȻַǳɵģЩԼ֮ʱֵõλã
٣ʵ֮УôôɺϣΪǹ⻷ô
һжϵһУǾֻһˣһ֣ĿľǶɱԼȵҲֻܽ͵ͨ
ΨһһǣɾڱֳľӣһͨɱĶ̿ͣ


ľ ʮ ߣسɴ磡
ˣ
˿Ե࣬·֮Ѿֻʣһ
ãŻڵ˲𣬲Ϊӵĵô
ȻѾ¶ˣҲ㲻˿ڣŷ磬еɱɭһ綢ĶǣѪ̰
ҳϣСˣµЩѾҪˣվһһ̤ӱĹӰٴαüΪҫֲۣѹһѹһ˿Ϣļơ
ԷֳʵȻѾӵһսʸ񣬵ǣʣǴ·ģûӡĿռ䣬ߵ׾٣ǣǾͽȻͬˡ
Ҫǣ֮⣬񻹶һ磬һ·ӴȻҲʵŵ˵Բ֮£ʤӣĵˣƾһˣֶͨΣֻҲվ䣡
˶ϰɣľ棬ȻݷˣֻҲֻޣдżֲмӻ˵־ֻԼһͷײ
žžž
ͬʱһȴҲ֮Ȼ󣬵ȴƫƫ֮Ĵڳÿһ˵Ķ䡣
һ̣һѪɫĹâȻ͸һѪɫĳƳգʮһ𣬻ΪһѪӰȻ˵ǰ
ʣǾʣû뵽ȻܿĺϷ
һ˲䣬˵ĿⶼΪ֮һݣһ˿ɵ֮⣬ܹȺ֮һ̵ֱʱðͷֶҲԶѰܹˡ
ǣǸոһŵѪ͸ȻҲǰ벽ʥ֮е۷壬ʵֻ²
ȻǷˣԭһֱΪҪȵƴܾˣ֣ʰо֣ǣķչȴʵЩϣ֣ǷΪһȥȵ˷磬Ͳòͬʱ˵Ĺˡ
ԲǷҪĽϾţҲڿܹնɱ˵ĵزǣŷ绹δ䣬ͷ뷽ֻһ
ºˣ۾΢΢еһӳʵ
ȻһЦ΢΢ǷǸҽˡۣ
ۣ
Ҳˣ˶ȴͬ쳣ϤģֻΪʼûǰ¶û̶Ӧֻǣһټ֮ǰѪȷ˶Էݡ
ɱˣѪɫۣ
ΪɱĴˣ۱ĺ˵Ϊ˴ɱ¾Դһ˱¾һСɣǼȮѪ֮龰Ҳһ˷ˡ
ǣˣȴҲòϣ۵ʵҲģҪ˵ˣȻҲ伫Ϊ˼ɣʵǿָһʵ˶ԸǵĴڡ
ֻǣ˭û뵽һΣȻЩУ͵һֱ
ڷ磬Ȼδ֮Ƿһɴɱ¾ԴϢȴ׵³˶Էݣֻǣ£ҲûпڴȤϾҪ˵ɱĹϵҲԶԶƲʲôѺá
ɱˡһ֣绺˵֮£º޹ϵֻҪ²֣ұ֤һʹ򿪷ӡң˿ԽΪˣţ˵ʵ֣Ȼܹݺˡ
ò˵һǼջģϾҪ˵뷽ǰϵûеģҲͬûһͭĹϵǻˣȨ֮£δؾԸΪС
ϧڷ˵һȴûаô
һִӿץһʺѪ۵˵磬ΪҵɵӲɣǲ֣Ϊľǽ˶նɱɣӲϣϢųҲһˣǵȵСֵˣǻŹң
һеģһ仰ȴҪ׼˵Ƕ˻ȥ
ʵ־磬һЩԾ͸ûбҪˣȻԷѾˣҲû˿ϻıҪˡ
˵ۣΪˣŷۣɭȻڵѵʵֻ̫Щɣ
ô۵һı飬ȻҵǺܹģӡռ䵽ܹ֧Ŷã
ʵȷҪһߣսĻӻ綼аܹɱǣҲԲǼ̫׵飡ֻۣҪ֧ŵӡȻܹ
ӡռϾõĲִ٣ά̫õʱ䣬ڣ
֮ǰΪ֮£ڶʱκˣǣһɾͶʱһˡ
͸һ˿Ц⣬Ҳ֮˵αطϻȻҪսôͼְɣӣҲʶһ£ǴӡͷżΡ
澳ȻûаɫܹɵĳԵЦ·ԵĸͲʵĶ֣·ߵİèһ㡣
ҧгݵĴӿ³֣һ˲˶ױŭһҲ̫֪˰ɣ
ҿ滹ңɨһԶȻڲˣһ㣬һѽȻԾ£˻Ϊһ磬ӿ˻ҵȺ֮С
ɲǵԵľ֮⣬ˣЩܹͬСв񣬸Ǿͽ֣սֳһ
λ˼ӦҲܲµĵˣǲɱǣֻ´˭һߴȺһ߳ɤӴ󺰵
֮ǰǵĶԻЩ˿ҲģĿûɵӣֻҪ΢һ׵ʲô飬һ˲䣬˱㶼ը˹֮Щþţֻʱͻȥƴˡ
ôһҲ˷˼ȻһЦ֮ҲŴȺ֮Уһʱ㷢˼ı任ɫȻޱѿȻȴվǲò׷˹ȥɷ۵ңֻò˶ãþܱѹסˣǸʱҪԵĿɾͱ⼸ʮ˵֣ǿɾԲʲô顣
ˣðһЩΣգҲ˲ˣ
ת֮䣬ӱ㴳˻ս֮Уֻʱ򣬶˵ףֻҪܴסᣬ˻ѸֹкǷۣ˿ûܵЩ˵ĹȻ֮⣬ãЩûʲôĴڣ˭Ҳϵģ˭͹˭
һʱ䣬ȴǳ׻ͬһ̲ˮһ㣬ֲʲôʲôˡ
磬ڷʵҪӼ֣ʱ֣ʵҲȻǼΪŵģңɱ¾֤Ļսɱ¾ڶԷ˵Ҳżĺô
һ̣˱ȫʵЩȫµ˼ֻȨ֮£Ѷʵ̫ߣֻҪκһӳȥԼϢ¶Ĳ˵һ͸ȥˡ
һ˼Ƭ̣ȴվǷ˵ͷֻƾֲٶȣȺ֮д壬ҵָһºݵģһʱ䣬Ҳ֮
Ѫɫɱ¾һУͷֲ˭˭ˣ˶Ƿɱ¾һǧòСʱʱ䣬˹룬ʣµҲͬ˽룬֮ģֻǣʱȴûܹ˵Щˡ
Ӳ
һ·׷ɱٴζôӡΧû˶ȫ⵽޲ĹҲ˺ˣ˿Ҫء
ڴͬʱҲֳͬһл磬۵ĹҲ˲ˣս֮ҵܹͬʱֺϻĻɾԲף˶˼֮ˣͷ΢¶˾ġ
ص֮ԴΧֲĴӡɱܾ˵Ĵ򷨣˷ԼıĽ˷ۣ
ʱӻ綼Բô񣬵ȴԽԽŶǲķչˣĲ˵ӡĿռ䣬ʣµʱ䣬ҲֻаСʱˣһ㣬κ˶Ҫ
üͷ΢΢һ΢ԥһ£ȴҲûоԮȤһ˿⣬Ѫ͸һĨİ֮ɫһҧ⣬һھѪ絽Ѫ֮ϣͬѪ߷˼£ݺӵıĵȥ
ó֮Դǿ磬ԴģһȥɱܣҲشӣǷҪĽ˵ͬûзŵϷѾչ־磬üֵҲͬѾեˣɣ
һ˲䣬Ȼ˾֮У޿ɱܣ޿ӣҪƴҲˣǴӡĹʵˣˡ
ֻǣһ̣ȴȻû˿η壬͸˼΢Ц
磬ҼȻ˼ѵΪұ޷ôлصŷϷ֮˵Ĺµ˲䣬ȴ赭д̤һôɵʧ˵ǰֻ£һĨĿռ䲨
ߣسɴ磡
ڷ˵νķӡռ䣬ֻһЦѣֻҪ룬ʱ뿪ӺڣǺסֹҲǼãµ
һۺںҲͬм۳ְæ޷Ǿ໥ƶѣʱʧ÷شˣô֮󣬷ӣǵսֻᷢʲôı仯Ҳ㲻Ƿĵˡ


ľ ʮ Ļ
Ѫɫᴩأ
ѪĳӵıĴ͸ƬѪؿӿԭӱĹ֮ӰҲ֮飬Ȼһ̣ȴû˹עЩˣһɲǼ䣬˶߻صĶǷ֮ʱµһ仰
ռ䷨
ңֱܹӴԽӡռ䣬ǶԿռ䷨ĸѾһ൱µĵز٣ԲڶԷչֳԴ֮¡ѹ֮£˶ΪѾƵ˼£Ȼʱ򣬷ȴƫƫǺݺݸһĶ⣬˶ɵˡ
Դ֮⣬ͨһӵпռ䱾ԴǵʵʵĽ棬ڳ˭˵ʤǣƫƫôһǿһͿļһȴһֱڰԻȻƴܴҲδĵƣһֱž棬չĵز
һ̣ڣжðһɺ⣬·˵궼Ҫһ
˭ĽȻһڼļƹˣ̷Ҳͬ쳣֣磬Ҳɲһ̾ĸо
뷽磬ڳЩʵֻһĶѣеһƺ˼ҵ֮У֮еĸо˱Щ˵һĴ
Ҫǣһжûнң֪˶Է֮УҲǲòƴȫսȥ
Ѫɫٴιᴩأɱ壡
ˣǿǽսһƽλϣ÷һսᣬܣ֪һжǷⲼóĽֻҪȥͲòս
ӣҪ¶֮Ĺϵ˷Ҳ벻ϧһеĴ°ڵˣһⲻ֣Ϊû˻ὫԼİΣԷϡ
⣬ҲǷҪĽ

ʱ仺ţεΧǿ֮УȻһ벻̬·֮ǰһжûаϵһ
˼ʱ򣬷粻ԸʹسɴֶΣ죬˼ɾҪһЩˣϾӱϿسɴҲǶڿռ䷨һӦöѣȻϡҲûɵǱȻģҪ˵˾ܲ²⵽ݣȴǼûʲôܵģʵϣǷ۵֮󣬷Ѿˣ֮һУʱƶѡ
Ȼûеõʲô̫ĺôǣôݺݵһѣҲǲ
ôһڣ񵥶ˣҲ˸ɾһЩ֮ǰΪ÷ӡ󷨶ӹһٵļһҲٲǷ磬ʵʵĶˡ
ɫС֮ϵĲҲԽľңȻԷʵֶΣҲ֮жͣʵʵ˵ıԵȴ
һսĽ粢ģ˵򣬲֮ء
ʽһʱ򣬷ҲЩĵЩʥǿߴӣȻ̫η壬ȴҲɵĳȥ֡
ڣʸ֮ǰ̶õģЩҲϷֻǾĵȴ˵鷳ЩʥǿߵĹע֮£ֻҲֻˡ
ȻһҲһǰᣬǾǣԲܱ©ݣ۴һ˼ɵֽˡ
ͬģЩͬʱҲڸܵһЩֲħ޵ϢСȺ
˵֮ǰǧûƻͦĻôǵصһƬɫͼֱСҼҶ㲻ˣֻǴŵĴһۣһӿãҲӵнʮôãʥǿҲòݱܷâңЩҲڱԵشǾԷķΧ֮ڡ
Щøûʲôǻ۵Ļƾ˿ֲɨȫϳȥˡ
ͲµյȺ֮еʱ򣬷Ҳǲɺݺݲ˲ò˵𺳸УԶκʥǿ֮ϡ
ĵطƾ벽ʥ׵ʵ˭̤֮棡
İɣһЩþͻ̫ܹ֮ɱıؾֻǼôöһԴĻҲͲýȥˡ
·𿴴˷˼СħȻڶһʵ̫Сֵ̬ȡ
ûСħĿȴǲԾ䵽ԶһеĹӰ֮ϡ
׵ĽӰ͸һ֮Ϣ·κεǰĴڣᱻĽ飬ԵĳýͣҲĲµˡ
죬⻹ǵһʵĿⲻ΢΢һ
ˣãʱ䲢̫һӷ䣬½ϵϢȻһĨҫ۵ĽӰҲ֮ɢ
ȻʵϣֲĽ⣬ҲȫʵԴһ⼣߰ߵĶϽ
ݴѽ׷潣ʦݺ£ȴվһս֮۶ϣʦδԼԼϽþʦĴѾ⼣߰ߣȻ̺ĽȴȻֲ֮Ϊ˽֮һ
һλֽ½õϽ֮ҲҪġ
ֻҪϽ֣½ʵƾΣϾϽ֮еĽ⣬ƿɾԶѰʥܹˣʥ۷ǿߣҲδûһս֮
һ˿Ľ֮ɫȴվûҶ˵ʲôڵӰ侲ϢĿ
Īԡ
ɨһ񹬵ķ½ͻȻڵ
ǣʦ˵֮䣬½һһ漴վ˳
⽣ʧ䵽񹬵ϣҽ˵һδһ֮УƱҪó֪ݷ粻ڣҽҲȻܹѹסһͷô⻰½ûбΣҲмô֮⣬Ͼ⽣ϣҲͬ˴
ȴȫûе½粵ģֻҧ¡
ʦģӾ󣬸ʦġصһȭĪ͸һ˿ᶨ֮ɫڡ
ʵϣĪԱǼΪԸ֮ˣȻݷҲȫķĪԿݷϰ̤ŽҲδؾܱȵϧϾֻݷһսĲҰܣ̹Ķڽ֮УĵλȻҲԶ޷ݷȣ
ݷȱϯɾ֤Լǫ̃ѹˣôͻý֮Щϼһ࿴ˣ
ĻᣬĪȴǾԲŹģֹ񹬣ڳˣĪԶҲδС


ľ ʮ 
ȾѪԭ۵ͬһӣȴǷϣ֮зɳʱϳ˶һȻ񹬵ˣڵһʱ֣ӻֻ˱ӪС
ʣδ֮ǰӵˣ͸һǵͷȣˣҲݣɲӶ˳Ī֮Уʲôܲɣ
ȣȣ
ĿУڴڵѪӵĿԭήҵľôƬ̵ʱڣ㲣ʱһ㣬״̬ȴǶʱ㽫񹬵סˡ
ɱ¾ԴʴķΣս֮£ܵ˼˺̫أƬֻ̣¶ΣӾʲôˣ񹬵ĳһ˲ɫļΪѿɭȻڵĪʥǿֲ߳ɣ
³ϣ˵ʱ򣬻취ȶסӵưɡ
޷γϴֻص΢΢ҡͷ³Ҳԥִͳһűڰ׶ŵĵҩӵĿС
ֻص֣ԭĵӲһȻеĵȴʧˡ
죬ֻصҲǼΪϡٵģң˵ѾʧܹƣǸ󶥼Ҳдһһţ޼֮
ȻֻصҲֵǮֻҪһδϣֻصͿӲ˴קʥ֮£ڶ̶ʮСʱ֮ڣһƶɾȻӻݷĴˣѰʥ֮µˣҲֻصȣ
ֻصʮӵʱ䣬ӱٴλָǣȶֻҪúһҩǡڶʱڳ׻ָˡ
׷ʲôʲôܽ˳񹬵ĳ϶ʱȲĿѯʵ
Ȼһ˳ôӵʵȻʮĵģֻҪʥǿߣӵʵȻ򲻹ҲԿԴߣƲᱻƵ̶ֳȡ
ɱĵӣѪɫۣɫȻ԰ףֻصҲܹ˵ˡ
ܣʵҲ͸ôܽ˳üͷһ³ϳ׷ʵ
Цһ£һ˼·˵ҵǷۣǣԭȴһˡһΣһֻҪֱ̤ʥˣұǱˡ
뵽磬ȻǲЩ
˷ȫһѾսȻȴȻûзŹ˼һĹȫҪӲ˾⻹ǣƵĽ˵״̬Ҫɱ׾١
ߺ󣬷۲ȫսʵȻ֮ϣȻӦ֮Դٶȱ׷֮ڻս֮УӲϵ˷ӡռߡ
ȻΪ˼شӣ۱Ҳ˲СĴۣһ·׷δ֪
ˣӵ֮£ȫ档
üͷȻ۳³ô˼ҲҲ·˸ƾһ
ӦòˣǶߡ룬ӲԴռ䱾Դм裬ܹͨʹĻҼµĶ֮һ
ˣʱ䲻ˣרĻָһĻ᲻ܴҡҡͷ³ϳ˵
ף飬Ҳٶԣʱ񳹵׳רĻָƣ񹬵˱ȫõİȫġ
Զһ۵Ľ䣬վţһһ㣬ĮԶһУӵ絹Ҳûбֳ̫Ͼ֣ԼƵٺãҪֱӱɱҲǼ׵顣ȻЩڷ˵Ҳû̫Ӱ죬һеȵ򣬲ʼ̫࣬Ҳһѡ
תͷʱҲ֮ţ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼԭžȴһֲ֮ԴϢɢոɢϢǿȴÿ˵ĵӡһ޿ɿĺۼ·ǲѹһУ˲ԾĳУ
ңѹǼɼαԭվıԵôûãӲ˱ˣЩʥǿߣҲͬҶͣ˶˵Χǧ֮⡣
Ŀһ㵭ɫǿ֮ӿͬһɫջ𡭡


ľ ʮ գ
գ
Ҳεճں߻ɽЩԭۼճ˿һȣǱֱֵһˣռŵǿ֮Уһջ͵ɫâ̼ҫƬǿգ޾֮£·Ǵ֮зСС˻ǼˣǰϢҲȻ˴ĵһɳ֮ͬͨ˿һ㡣
̶̲ӵʱ䣬ķΧѾռ仰˵νʵϣ̤֮У
Ȼ֪ʵĵҲ̲סһвߣֱӾ̱˵ϣѹ˿е
Сħ򣿡Щɬгʵ
򣬶Ѿ䣬ʮһ򡣡͸磬ϵգСħҲأû֮ǰϷ벻м
ΪʲôĸоҼʱҪ£üͷ̲סٴ׷ʵ
֮ǰۣҲȻܹݶԴ𣬲һ˿η֮⣬Ȼ˿̣գȴǲһ˿ηУĸдڷ˵ҲǵһΡ
ȻһЦСħɵ֮δҲδؾ͸Աʤοļô
ļô
򵥵һ仰ȴǶʱˣû۲£ֻԼĸֻ۵Ļѣۻ޾֮С
෴ȴǿʵֲչ֣һȻͻ֮ͷˡ
ڵķ˵ⷴصˣͷʹǡҪôȥ
յʵ̫ǿ˵緽Щ벽ʥˣʥǿߣ֮£ֻҲûдɣ
ģûô±ˣ֮ѾˡںҡҡͷСħ˵ѹֻģ˵ˣʵǿնϢѣֻˣûô£
ôһ˵ڷתһ룬ҲȻЩεƾ֪Ǳ˴ӵĳǵ˿ֲĻǿҲֻǵҴ̽ˡ
ȻҲȫնʥ׶޷УķͻȻʲôСħּһȫֹʥױһĿҲͻǰˡ
һ㵹ǲ⣬һ֮ǰ˵̺ʵޣǴЩӵ壬ǷȻҪһﵽһޣȻͻٴ˯ʵνʮ꿪һΣǵȴô
һ㣬ڷ˵ȴǼĺϢϾڵʵҪʥףֻ»ǼΪѵģһãҲǲܡ
һȣСħѵλǰ´󱲵ô뵽֮ǰЩͣЩʵϾЩƶԽ̫źˡ
̫ˡĴһǷСħڽ͵֮ԲǷΪжУǸвʥϵǿһӴͻᱻжвȻᴥˡ
ЩƵĿЦһ£վЩεҡҡͷԼ̫ˣĴӦòӽʵģôãƿ̫ԵЩ
ˣϻʱˣɫС׼ȥɡ᷽ƣСħԶԶһۣ
ʵϣСħµ˲䣬ĵȻȷɳֳɫС֮ϴһ϶ɵС
ֱ˿̣ףɫСǸ֪λһǽıҪĻǵҲֻת޷̤
ͷһ𣬷Ҳ㲻ԥŷȥɵ̤յС
ֱ˽УŻĿһգʦģһεƱؽնС
ܺüס֮УһҲҪ̫ǿ³漴ԸУ֮Ȩϰɡ
ͬϽڽһ֮ȨҲͬ񹬼ΪҪΪ֮ǰܵش䣬֮ȨҲͲ׽ʹá
Ŀ΢΢һݣӵ漴¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫлʦ
סˣ֮󣬹֮Ȩȱ黹˷ҲֻǽáĿһۣ³ϳԸ
ף΢΢ͷĴӳ³нӹ֮ȨȣȴҲԥһ֮䣬֮ͬС
³ϡǹ֮Ȩȣ뿪ߵ̲סѵ֮Ȩ¹ش󣬼ΪӣûҲǲܶõģϾӻδ̤ʥס
޷δĪӦҲŶϽƳһ۽ڵλã³Цݷδ½Ϻ˼ϽƱػǸͽѹһ⽣ʧӣϷ⣿
⻰˶ʱҲˣ漴ҡͷ˿һ֮УҪԽĲˡ
һ³ϵҲδǸоһ֮еΣգҲὫ֮Ȩȸӻˣй֮Ȩڣʲô⣬ӵʵҲȫˡ
лᣬƬ̵Ĺ򣬷ҲȻ̤֮ڣ濴һ壬Ȼ̤ˣ͸оյĴˣƬ򼸺һ㵭ɫĴҫɱȷնɽʱҪֲĶࡣ
̤֮˲䣬ϾͰ磬ԷǿᣬҲһ򣬲ûվȡ
⻹ǷԴ򣬵һ£͹ܵˣ
˵ˣ籾ʵվ̫ո̤ײãսˣ޷ȡɵĻ֮£ϾЩƵġ
ڣԴĴڣں̶ܴϣѾֲ޵ˡ
ٶӦĻʼļ죬ƵģӦԽ죬ԽȫҲܹȨĳ˷ļϣСħٴѵ
ף΢΢ףҲԣ˫΢ǿ֮У޾һϣ˷ֳһ˿־⣬ȫͶ뵽˶ĸ֮С
Ȼ֮еҲδؾͱȷ֮ʱǿ̫࣬Ǳϵɾʹˡ
ڵԴ֮ˣԭҲǴˣȻ֮Уܷ֣ԭΪԴ֮УȻǴ̫ʣҲΪЩʵĴڣ÷Գ޾ĺ
ȻǷĻĻɵģڴİ벽ʥ˵ֱһجΣûжԴֻƾ豾ʵ֮⣬ӦʹɾԶȷĶ˵ȻֲѹҲ㲻ʲô֮ˣϾҪǱܣ̤ʥ׵һѶȿʵֲ̫ˡ


ľ ʮ 
ΪǿߵĴ̺ģʵһܻĹ
һ㣬ԭףǼ򵥵Ľ֮Ϊع򣬻Ǵ򣬵ǣϸָоԽԣһУԴһܼ򵥵ɣǾǣ緢֣ԼŬҲܽڵԴ֮ĳ̶ȣ
λǿߵĵһеĹƶģԣ֮Ż˵Ĵﵽһޱȱĵز
ͷǳ£ȻǷµһʱҲһ˿Ȼ֮ɫľ磬ڵҲƺ⣬֮ıع֮УͬһеףĴڡҪǿʲô̶ȣ
ˣǵȾ㻹̫Զϸб仯ӦĻ˵ϵı仯ȻӲСħĸ֪ģ˲µ˷˼ֱӿڵ
򡭡Щˡ΢΢ҡͷ粢ûСħȴǲԾ䣬˷羳ؾ磬̨磬ļһɲǼ䣬ͻȻͳˣ羳ĵؾ磬ʵĴڣ⾡ֻģһ²⣬ȴΪָ˷һ֮䣬췭ظĲࡣ
Ȼı仯ֻǴľӦӦǰľ棬û̫İ
ͨЩٴηſ˼רЩ֮һδγˢԼ壬ڵ
գ֮Դ׵ĺԴʵȡһЩɵģԣԴۻǲ֮ǧļƷԴҲδȫֱ˿̣֮Уһд򿪣޾Դ
򵥵Ĵһȷɣ֮ǰһԽļһһȻʵϣѾκ˲ۻȴʵڻǷȱ˲٣ԼԲǷȱǣ֮ȴʵʵİ˻
еƽʶǣһı䣬ڷ˵ǾһȻͬĳˡ
Ƕ̶̰Ĺ򣬷Դʵ˿̣оԴǿ󣬱Ĳ˵ٵԴӽ֣㲻ҲаܹӦˡ
򣬹氡Դ˵һյԱ꣬в࣬侳޷
ֻǣЩȴҲ֣ԼҪ֮ٶȾҪĶˣܣѰ˵ٶѾֲܿˣڷУЩȴȻǲ
ȻץסߵһȴȻûʲôʸУ·ԼеһԱٿ񱩵ҲܶԼвˡ
ԼãСħеȴֱѾˣСħԤ֮УԷ츳Ҳʱ䣬ӦĻȴϣʱ䣬ѾһеĻۣңɡ
ĹؼǷ羳ʵԼҲ֪ľڷɽ˵ҪĶ̶ܴϣһ츳ΨһľΪ
֮Уܵİ÷˷羳صĵ·ⱾѾǸ̵̫ƣԴΪӦҪ˼򵥵̫ټϣԴĴڣܹڶ̶̰֮һС
̧ͷɨһۣԶҲһ˿ԥ֮ɫ
һ˵Դ˵һѸʵõĻᣬ㣬ڷɵٶѾǣҲԶҪʮĳ÷һ˿˾רͷ
磬벻뽫Դֱӳɾ磿֮лСħҲͬʱһͷ򷽴翪ڵ
һ˲䣬üͷȻ벻룿⣬Ҫô
ȻӦףԽΣվԽ󡭡ǾҪһп֮Уħ֮ҲȲ㡣˵ŻʱСħͬأûа㿪Ц˼ʵ㣬ԭԤƣӦĻҪңˣҲˣҲŻͷˣɹİգҲֻһ룡
Сħû˵ȥ˼ѾǳˣһĻᣬĻǲģѡ񽻸о
Ϊʲôģǹһ˿Ц⣬û˷ʱȥԥһ˲˾
һİգѾ㹻ˣ
˼ķӡѾɶ۵˵֮ڣԼ޷ﵽҪ󣬻߳Խͻ˼һĴۣܲǲ뱻ڲͱҪƴ
£ʱ䣬ô÷ﵽ̶ֳȣҪ֪Сħ˵δ֮䣬Ҳδ˭Ӯľ磬ķʵ̫Զ̫Զ
ǾȥİɡҪסԽǿģܵѹƾԽ󡭡
СħȻڷлصţҲȻƮ˳ȥ

¡¡
ڵķλͬǿԴ˵һĸɣǶڹ֮ԴĻѾﵽԱʥǿߵĵزѹ̧ͷˡ
֮ȨȣӵϣȻȴȻûа㶯õ˼
Թ֮ȨȵƣһչԻ֮ҲȻӰˣǣһɲǶȼģǾ˷֮ǰһηƣ֮Ҳеķŭ벻ĻȫӦȴϰߣѧù֮Դ̶ȵĵֿڹ֮ԴҲͬһμΪѵõĴᡣ
ģһȻҪȵ֮ʱ򣬲ʼĻᣬܲδ磬ȷǸֲļһƱػģս
ͬĴţʵΣ˶ھӦĻЩԴˣԽϡĻᣬΪ˶ףڴ󲿷ӦһЩĻ֮ԴˣͻΪҪնɱĿꡣ
ۣ
һԴİ벽ʥףոոܵһ˿ΣȻоһһոɴ䣡
֮ǰֻܿһģӰ
ףΪʲôҪʱ䣬ϧ˷ӦĻᣬҲҪ֣ң˵Ĺֲ
ԶģӰͬеľ飬ɵ֮Уˮе㡣
ɱ¾ɣٽԴļһȫɵĹͷͻƵʥףͻɹļʣĻ֮£ݲðĴ


ľ ʮ ƣ෽У
һʱ䣬ڷе˱жʮ࣬⻹Ϊ֮УٶȴƣңҪϵĨɱѶȲСûֳ̫Ķ
ˣ̶̵һ֮ڣϢҲѾ򣬴˵֮ʱɶ˼СģΨǸԼ
ȻĶûȥǵģЩ˼һľۼһ𣬰ɱѶʵ̫ˡ
Ψһֵһǣһɱ¾ȴԴз֮࣬ǰһֱûпӰΨַûнôһеļƻȻҲ޷ʩȥˡһɱ¾ȴ֪˷Ĵڣǣ񷽴ֳʵҲԶԤ֮ϡ
˵Ѿ㹻ˣһͷӦĻɱ¾͸ķʽһаռƻУûκ⡣
ȻڵԴҲû̫Ĺĥˣѹʵ̫ǿˣͲ˿룬ȫԵλôԼĽ⡣
ӦǸӰ̿͡ɨһԴĪȴǲͬͷ⽣ʧ̫󣬼ڽҲ֪ͬܶоͰǸӰ̿͡
жϣĪзһĨɱ⣬⽣ֱӽ֮˶ڽ˵ѾǾԵĳˣǣˣԷö֮ĳ֣ĪǵΪô
͸һĨɱĪԶʱ˷ʱ䣬һΣ㾶˽ӵĶ飬ȥ
⽫ʱ䣬ҲĪӦĻȻȫܵӰ죬ѹƵķѾܹеˣҪǣϻжϽ
ֻҪҪͷųϽ֮еĽ⣬ܹ˿Ӱ죬һսһΣʥǿһս֮ĵڡ
ͬҲ֣ǸҵĴĵӣǲµģοʵʵĴΧֻҪ΢ӦһЩĻ˱˼
˭
һ̤֮У֮ԴĻϣıԽݣȻҲѾӦĻң̽һȥȻʱȴȻһ˿ףüһĿ⾫׼䵽ԶһƬ֮У
磬ĸоȻô񡣡
Ǵһ˿Ц⣬Ĵ֮߳ݲȵĿ磬ֱ̬뵱ռʱ࣬ȫ˿ɱĺۼ
ͫȻһȻҲͬϳ˷磡˵һʼӵԴķ磬ֻЩӵĻôһϵеĲַɱʵѾᵽһ൱ֲľ硣Լмη֮⡣
ӿ³֣еü΢΢˿ֵط磬κ˶ǽһεΣյ飡
Ȼһ̬΢΢ЦЦ
Σȶһڻǳڵ
ʲôںĿ磬ȻڵӦ֪Ҳûнӵȥǲǣ
⵹ʵ֮ǰӾ͵ģ罫ȥƵ飬֮ǰ٣ȫȻкܴ鷳Ȼ֮ȴ֤ѹû˵ȥ˼Щ죬ȴҲһ
ش𣬷Ȼ˵ȥ
ģǷҵģҪջǱҵᣬֻ¾ͳˡЦһȴǸûа罻ֵ˼һ֮䣬ֱ֮УسɴֶΣʧҰС
û̳֣Ƕ˵ȴ̸ʲôϢս֮УҲ̫η壬Ͼ֮Դó㲻УԱްǣǶԷһֱصİǲŵ鷳֮ϾֻҪƬ̵ʧ񣬾ͿԻ⵽ԷֲϮɱһסᣬǾΣ֮ˡ
һ˲䣬бʱ˾ϣԼķλȥʱҲֻ취ӻϵһ˵ˣ˵ãǸһЩۣҲȻҪնɱ֮жңһҪ죡

ʶһĽ˺գӲԵ֮бƳһ˵ӰĪȴǲԾķһĨɵ֮⣬ǳ޽Σһֹ˵ĸ֪ոһֻ¾ҪԷ㵽ˡ
ºˣ
ӦǲɨһĪԣ֮УֻһģӰ벻֮УݷҲóֵĽɫôܲڶ㵹ǺЩȤˣֻ֪ûдʲôֵǮı
⻰Ϸʣֱڳĵ٩仰ĪԵ֮ϣʲô벻ݷ֮⻹õóֵĽɫ飬ԼڶԷУǸļһôȻҰݷ֣֮ĪȴһֱִΪ̤Žݷ̫ƣ˭ǿ˭Ҳ˵أܹܵӡ
۾΢΢еһĪɭȻڵܿ죬ͻסҵˣûлҫҽˡ
µ˲䣬ĪеĽȻһѤĽâ͸һĨ֮⣬ն䵽˷ǰ
죬ͬݷĽһĪԵĽͬ쵽˼£ֻǣĽڷȴԶûݷôвΪһȻԶǵݷնʱĸо㹻ˣ⾳ȴ˲ֹһ
̤֮ǰƾԴֻҲӦˣڣȴʱôǱˣһ󣬱һ֮ƾۣ֮УȻΧ֮֮Զ֮ϣ赭дһݳɽĪһ
䣡
Ŀ΢΢һû˿ķϻһתĪαǣһɲǼ䣬ݳϰٽһƬ꣬ĽУɣһǾɱĽ
е˼ˡ͸һ˿Ц⣬һͬʱʧУת֮Īλá
ռ䱾Դһ˲䣬ĪԵ͸һĨ֮ɫŷ磬δ׷
ͨԴֵطѾ㹻ѲˣϿռ䱾ԴǼֱǴСǿȻĪҲû¶Էİˡ
̫ҼŰɡûս˼һˣߣźݻĻᶼûĪԣ·ĪԸ޹ؽҪ·˼һֶʡ
̬ȣȴǶʱĪĲᣬֻǶԷпռ䱾ԴڣҪʹҪ߾ߣȫ˼ûа취öϽĻᶼûС


ľ ʮ ΪǶţ
̶֮䣬羹Ȼ߷˾żҶ˰Īԣھλ벽ʥеǿߣѰİ벽ʥȴ÷ǵʸûС
⻹һֻû¶棬÷δҵۣһֻе硣
Щ죬˵جΣܻڸָĳϳ֣ң𺳵ǣһ֮ڵĴ˾ȻӲ͵Ϯ֣Ӳɱ˵
Ҫ֪ڵĴˣʵȻһЩҲΪصĻɵģϾ֮кܶǿޣԷûģȻˣ˵ҲһԵϢˣֱͬһ籩һ㣬Ūড
Χ⣬ÿʱÿ̶Сľ䣬˿Ĵ⡣
ȻһЧҲԵģڽĽ֮У綼ûռ̫ıˣһˡ
䣡
ɫսǹȻ֣ͬս㵱ն䣬֮УʵܵһѹƣսҲ׶ɱ벽ʥ׵ǿˣǾԵɱ
ֻǣһ䵽ǰȴ𲻵˿ãһ̤˲ʧ֮УȫһϷɡ
ѵһսûôյĻ̲סһַ͵Ϯ̳һ⣬ѹǾûٳһУôеĴݱܿһйһЦеı飬ƺĹһ㡣
֮УӵʵҲǿ׷ɱһ£÷粻ôеľԱ˲ưȥǣ֮Уʱ̶£ҵûʲôùӳԣȴǲòٶѹǷ磬ΪԴͲЩӰ죬ռ䣬ȫֵĵط᲻ͻȻ´Ƭ硣
ûȤʼ磬Ȼ˵ֻҪ֮Уұÿʱÿ̶ܵõԴĲ䣬ܾˣƾʲô
ŷǵȴǲûѪλǴⲻκ˺ù
ûо̫ʱ䣬ۿһ͵ϮʧܣתʧӵҰΧڡ
ɫȷ뿪֮еƣԭصȴСʱüӵǰ
ôǲô
ЩεĿЦһ£漴ҡͷû취ǼһǴ⵷ң͵ϮɹͷߣҾʲôֶҲò
ǰ÷ӡռҲô˼һʵ
ҺܻɣڵҲ󷨡ЩͷʹԴε˵бʤİô
ôһʣȴǲĬһΣķѾǿ󵽣ּɵĵزˣһӡ˿ռ䣬˾ԮĿܣеķԼˡ
˵Էڿռ䷨򾿾ʲô̶ȣҲûȷǷѾ˼óסʥǿߵķӡռ䣬ѵһܹס˼ôǻǱԷɴǲᡣ
ѵûа취ôסüͷٴʵ
Ҳδأ˼һ£ſڵЩӣʼն͵Ϯ֣ȴԸս˵ܾ֮⣬ֻʵޣҲһҪأţֻҪ֣޷ռƶ£ɱˡ
ѰĸֵǺð죬ǣô޷ռƶһתֱӷ˼·
Ҳδأ٣һط;Բܿռƶһ˿âӳ˵
˵һ˿Ȼ֮ɫЩȷʵ
ûģҶ񱩵ԼУǿռ䱾ԴɵʥǿߣҲ޷ռƶΪǴģĹ򣡡ĵ˵ͷӳشûаԥ
һȣ֪˵ЩǣˣǵʵᱻѹƵһʲôĳ̶ȡȻǴ磬һҲȻɫ䣬ȻǶּɵ˵η壡
ǵʵѹƣѵʵͲѹôһ˿֮ɫɭȻڵȻӵԴΣһеĹ򶼻ᱻ̶ȵֻ˲Ĺ򣬲ܾһʵͬᱻѹƣҡϻй֮Ȩȣ
֮ȨȣΪǿ֮һȻģһͷųҲ̶ܹͬȵĵѹ֮һ·ˡҲ֮ǰ㱻ûҲϱ©֮Ȩȵԭ
̫ˣ֪Уй֮ȨȣһȥҲǱɣüͷɿȴڻҡͷ
磬ⱾǼ֮ս㻹취ܹӦô磬漴ڵοҲûд˶Խȥ˺ܶôǾͰ˶ȫȥǳҳ֡
˵⣬ӵһ˿ɫȻδԣȴѾ˼ҪûҲһ򾡰
ӵй֮Ȩȣƣ£Ťתսˣңһ֣ջͬ޴֮ģĲ˵ܹĵӿɱ֮Сȥ֮󣬱̶ܴܺӰպʵԱȣңص֮УҲõΪĽ͡
һ£Ӽ˵磬ˣܹߵ죬ʲôķûð㷴ô
˵⣬һ˿֮ɫڻЭˣãǾôˣȥ취Ҳȥҽȥô죿
ģûпڽͣӾվԭأдЩ֮⣬ƶĿڵ

ûΪʲôȥȻڵ˵ҪɱңǾΨһĻҲǰչʾռ䷨Ҫȥûѡ񡣡
ô϶СħÿɷĴӷļԴ׷ʵ
ȻЩ˿ɲһ鰡֪ϣԤϵĶ΢΢ſ˵ȻһǳҪǶţ

٣˵ȹ֮ȨҲѾ䵽˰ɣĪԵһ˿ΣյĹâ
˵飬ʵҲͬ뵽ģֻǣϢһͼĪԿԿ϶ˣӱȻԼһԷ̵ĵƣԲŸ޼ɵ
أѵɣ

ָ㶯Ŀȥȴǲ͸һĨ֮ɫ
Ȼ֪ӱȻıȴòϣʵ̫ջ˸ҶԴģû˭Ǳ෴ż֪Σռ󣬶ңıҲͬм
ľأ˭Ц󣬿ɻ˵أ
ǽ˶Ƶһ֮սô
ʵȻûȴҲӵ㣬ǾǡԸ


ľ ʮ ֮ս
ѹ
˶Դƣ缸ѾȫΧӰˣȻŲϵģƵѹָȴһγ֣÷ʵʵĸоֲֿһѹ֮£·𶼱΢ˡ
ϧˣ֮ѾˣֻܹܵҪܳŹʵԻһʵԾĹڷļϣСħȫӰ죬ֻһ֮壬ȴҲϾħ֮֮꣬еѹǶȫɷеˣҲȻܹĿڵ٩ȫȻһվ˵۵ļơ
֮ţʲôЦλţ˭ҴǲôβôģôΪ˼ϵô
ȻѾϰСħķȴҲûпڷΪͬû壬Сħô״򷢵ĻҲͲСħˣκεĻ죬Ψһǣķϻһ㣬ɡ
ˣ磬עһ㣬ǰ濪ʼѾС͵ˣʵһȥҲԲܣһ治ãֻ¾ͱ뱬ȫʵܳˡһǰСħѵõһ䡣
Ѿ쵽ôüͷʵû˿η壬·Ͳһ򵥵Ŀĵһǲ֪ˣΪεء
ģмƲƲ죬СħĿڵʲôЦΪľô߲ɣﵽУٻʮҵľ룬ƾǵٶȣܹǲ˱û㣬пЩֲħˣ˵⿪ʼǵĴ֮ء
ͫȻһ˿̣ܵһ˿ѹܹдħޣҲǼΪǿģҪսҲδؾͱǲѣ˭ҪһֻոͻƵʥ׵ħޡҲֻรˡ
Щڷ˵ȴȻ㲻ʲô̫ϢϾвԵģڷоѹͬʱҲͬѾƵĲάˡ
Щӣǵ˼Ĭѡĵλͦ˵ҲѾҪɱˣһֶľĥ
ͬʱţƾʲôģҾͲң˵ܣ
˭֪ԽǿľԽΣգǣͬģԽΣգܹõĺôҲԽ࣬Զǵ˲Ƶ
νͰΣգ⻰ûд
һˣ˿ǵȫ⣬δؾ͸ðʧִŵĴ룬ǣɲֻһ˰ǺܹŹֵģЩΪŵļһһ˾ƣǾܹʹԷȥ
òϣľѹȣҲɰЩһδսޣǱܣʵɿţ
ͺܼ򵥣Ҫ֪ܹߵģǾԵţһ·ֵز˭ûоε˭ûһδδƹļޣ
е˶ˣô£ֻҪôƼҲǱȻˣ
ʵϣ˵Ҳÿζôඥϧһд۵Ľĥˣ֮Укܶ䣬ȴҲûԸĻᣡ
磬ô
ٴμ磬ӵӰҲѾ΢ЩǱˣڲù֮Ȩȵ£ߵҲѾļˣЩΧУһСĵĶһȥҲ˵Ľ֡
ãЩͳȻץüֻеĹâȴû˿
Щأ̧ͷһӳʵ
Ѿ̫ԶˣӦһ˼һ»ش۵һֱûӰ֪ߵǵǰ棬Ǹûи
ˣ絹Ǹҿ϶ȻˣǷȴͲһճƵˣɱһֶεɱ֣ԣȻ磬Ҳ޷ȷһʲô
أͷٴʵˣĵġ
ϣһֱںţֻΧЩС֮͵ϮĴȴԽԽˡüͷЩ̫ȷ˵䣬ܸоЩ⡣
Ȼ⣡һӻڵѵûзô˵һǿߣ˵һµɱ֣ԶȷǸɱĵӸ¶˵ֻҵľ棬²Ҫľ档
ԣҲ֮ͷҿ϶Ȼ׷ô
һϣӵûаģֱӻشΪһɱ֣ĶԶҪ˸࣬ǿɱΨһᣬβǳõĻ᣿ԵߣΪηô
˼˵⣬ѾӵжˣôһʣҲֻҪӡ֤һ¶ѡ
ûûĻܿ죬ɱҪʼˣԲôһУΪȻٶٿ죬޷ÿռƶ£ͬʱԽʮ˵֡
һ㣬˵ļΪƶÿ˶Ųͬ˼˵˲οûɱ֮ǰ˵ĿҲǷ磬Ϊ֮ǰƣΪЩΨһһԴ˻仰˵ԽãڷʵܾͻԽһеĹؼڡ
棬һеежΧתġ

ǷĴһ磬Լһ˵ıӰΧСе£Էнٶȼһ۾ͱ翴
ҪôڷϰߣСħҲǱȽϤģһ̬붯֪뵽ˡ
ȻأѵĵǻϵһֶԸôΪƲƲ죬˵
Ǿսپ˴Ķ̫ԶһսҲܸ֪Сħνһͷ˷ļ˵ǰǲԸֳģϾķ绹ûд㱩¶ݡ
ǲߵĻġǹһĨ΢Цʼ翪ڵ
ͬڱ𴦣ΧСУõȻϣȫõ˲֣ңҪǣҪ˳ȥҲѾˡ
Ȼһ㣬ȻΪһ磬ɿ֮䣬̶̼ӵʱ䣬ʹԽ˵ıϽ˸͸һĨƢɭ

һΣûˣ׷ͬʱҲ㱻ԷӦ˹һ˲䣬˱ͣ˽ŲȻս̬
֮ǰϮѾظˣҲ̫ģֻǸеЩ鷳ѡ
һȴȫûϵ̤׼ķ磬Զ֮ǰҪʱôô򷢵ˡ
Ȼ𣬡ˣ㽫Ϊһ֮սУһеˡ
֮սṳ̂ʼһ֮սĻˡ


ľ ʮ Ļ꣡
Ǻӣ
֮ǰȻͬɱ֮󣬷ĳֱٲ̽ɱУ
Ҫ֪ڷûг֮ǰʵѾ൱ˣ򣬸ǽĽһµ۷壬ԴĽȻҪҲԲǼ׵£ЩһЩ˵ֱһجΣ
Ϊʲô֮ǰϮлһ˵ķ磬ͻȻͱοֲսһֱ׷ţֱûһˡ
ܣⲻʹթƬ̵Ľ棬˱ȻӦ˹˫Ŀͨ죬Ķŷ磬һݺ޲ý̻ļơ
Ļ̫ˣ·ɡüͷ絭Ĵӿ³һ仰гȻĳ֣ת۾ͽƵиҲ˲䣬ɫ֮ȻΣԴݿ֮ƺȻ¡
֮ǰĴ񷽴ƿص֮Ѿ潻ˣƺõʱ֣޿ɵ˲Ϣ֮ǺȻʱ˺ɳȥλãǡþУ
꣡
ֻа벽ʥ׵ʵܴ֮󱻺֮Уûзأ˲ϢͱУĸɸɾʬ嶼û¡
һһ䣬粢ûƬ̵ͣһ֮䣬˱ٴλΪ⣬һĿȥ

ǿҵĲȻôԶܵǿֲϢӽµĲӲ΢΢һͣ˫΢΢ȴ͸һĨ֮ɫ
һжԤ֮Уȫɽ鷳ˡ
ҵҪһ㻹ʲô
ȷȥԮͷһۣ绹ЩĵʵɲҪĸˡ
ģһҲǾŸˣһʣµĻа˸ЩһȻη壬ǣǷֿǱ㵱бƵΣˣɾԲʲôЦ

ԮΪʲô͸һ˿âĪԱмķʵ
Īԣ֪㻹еƣǶԷȻҸҲȻ׼ǹִļҪȵֻ˶Է˼ɫصĿĪԣ̲ס˵
㻹ǸӣͲܶôмĺһĪԵ˭˵һҪȵŸˣ
㵽ôڿѾ׺ͿˡЦһ£εķʵ
ֻһ䡣µĲȻûаͣĪͷҲصʵǾ˶ڣаʰоô
ȻӦЩҲվǴ⻰Ҳʱ˹ҵʵĵƣնɱ֮ҲӦˡ
ǲˣģܻкôġָ㣬Ī漴ڵƺҲ΢һЩٶˣȻ


ˣˣ˻ΪһѪӰٴμӿٶȣĪԣ鶴ĪԣС磡
ֻĸˣʾǷԼˡ
һ׷˭ʵҲڷ˵ܹжĶЩУֻԼ˲ʵǿģվǲһߵġ
仰˵ʵһεʸַָµҲֻԼˣɱڻңһѾ
뵽ܹнٶȿɾʵֱӹҹˣͲҪֻҪĬļ٣ɿƾУЩʵˣɱ֮׷˵ķ磬ֻҪһӽʣµ˾ͻȻľ£γΧɱ֮ȻûǷȴԱ֤һǱȻĽ
ȻҲһֿܣǾǷѹͲ׷
ֿԲΪԷֳֶϿɱٶȶǾԵƣּһ·ɱʤϲøУ̶ܴϣͻͷԣʹ׷
Ҫǣ׷־磬˭˳ӰӰɻԳʥɼ谭򲻵ѣԸֿµġ

СΧʩչسɴ硣
ıȻĮ˼вͬΧЩСУҲȻܹСΧ֮ʩչسɴ磬Ϊڷ˵سɴͲνĿռ䷨򣬶Ƿ羳ڶؾֶΣѹͲʲôš
ȻʹҲǲˣһ治ֱ䵽֮УǸԼҲˡ
СΧڵسɴѾ÷׷ɱˡ
ԴնɱĻ֮£ѾѹЩİ벽ʥˣǲϧŶԷһͬ׹еļսȻҪʱ򣬷ȴܹ׵ռܿ
һ˵̴ľʵ̫ˣ֮£ʵ߳ɶӲӲڲϵŲ֮
ž
˲ڶԷǰֳĨͬʱһ̽ԷĿռץУٴνսͣ˽Ų
ˣƳһ۸ոðСħ˵
׷ɱ̶ȣҲͬǳԷҲѾƵˣԲԼˡ
񷽴Ѿܹܵʣ˵Ϣˣ˴ľ룬ҲѣΧУ˲Ϣ
ڴô죿ЩĿŷ磬Сħ̲סʵ
ܼ򵥡ҪһǡǴһ˿ЦݣĿ⻺ķȻڵ


һС֮УɫĻܵΧϻƵۿɼٶڣ㲻ͨԣҲ׸ܵϲ˷ܡ
֮а죬һһɱ䣬ܹܿСеӰ죬ǰˣܰȥһɱ䣬̤ʥˣΪĻ꣡
Ȼһ˲䣬ĻȴȻ֣ള뵽Ƭһ˲䣬İ˫֮жʱһĨɫâĶסͻȻֵࡣ
Լ˲䣬¶һ˿η֮ɫСĵĺƬ̣ȻڿԼ֮кȴƺַСĵ̽߷
һεɱ䣬ĻѾ˲ǻۣ˲䣬͵ó˽ۣ̰࣬ΪԼ֮УҪˡ
Ӧ֮Ļװ֮ȴʼճ岻еķΧзŭ˻ͼࡣ
ʮףʮסʮף
Ļܹе̰ƻ
ףףסϵļž룬һ˿ֻҾʱĻȻ磬һգ֮䣬һƬֲİɫ籩ͷȥ


ľ ʮһ ѹ
ž
һʮɫ統ͷǿ緽磬ҲʱһֲӲƴ˼ûǸͷܣһ˲䣬ٴλΪһ⣬ĵȥ
ЦڵһɱĻ֮ж˿Ӱ죬״̬֮£ﻹô
ҲǷ磬ͬ˻ķʽӶûˣˣʼձ׺ţв͵ðһ£ӵԴܹٹֻķѾĻ׷ˡ
ͬʱߵĲҲͬı˸ܵˣȻȷ絽ںʲô˻ħ֣ȴǳһĻᣬԶ֮ǰĻҪõĶĻᡣ
øκʣЩ˸˾ֻҪһ̾׼жϡ
Ҫ֪ѡֵطսľǼޣΪʱпܻܻⷢڷϣȻҲͬܳǵϣҪģǾץסһеĻᣬԽ֮еĶֻɱ
˵ΣǷˣеһԱֻЩҲͬ˵ĺûᡣ
Χɱ
Ĭ޻˵ֵط֪Ƿǳģͬʱŷķλ£ڶ̶̲ʮ֮ھγ˺Χ֮ƣȻٶȵĲ̫Ϊ˭Ҳ룬û磬ԼҲͬϣɲǽֻзһ˻Σ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ٶȾѾӵ˼£طʮӵʱ䣬ѾɳķΧˣȴܳ˲ʮΪʱ䶼Ȧˡ
ħޣУСĵƹȥһʧȥ侲äĿܣֻ¸ûܳԶ͵ȰԼСˡ
˵ĺΧȻҲͬоˣ۸֪˿κ˲ֻ£Ҳûѡˣֻһ·ģһĻסǾǳ׵ˡ
ûЩУسɴڣȴֻСΧŲƣսתעУܵĻǾʵڲˣҪ֪֮̾˲ƣܻԶ绯ķп졣
Ψһ

ģ͸һ˿âնĿڵΨһ·ԽǿģΧоԽֲֻǰģǲпҲͬⱻסŲȡʤΨһĻᣡ
ǵʱҲȻǱžԵ侲һڷг˴⼸ѾһӰһֻԶûлΪ۷ĴԲڣһΣڶ׼Ϊľǳ׽նɱ
ô죿
ô죿һɭȻ׷ˣôѵǱûʵӦɣ
ʲôʱΪǿߣԲʧȥģƽȻ˵Ƶʱ򣬾͸ʧ׷Ц
û˿ԥ֮ӰٴԳɿŷλ׷ȥȻٶȻ緽죬ĺΧȴһܹ׷Ϸ統ȻһеǰǣҪͬ鷳
ʵϣ˵ѡҲȫͬʱûԸ׷֮ΣգҲҪһˡ
ԭڵλû֮󣬵һٵ׷ȴ÷ɴĳ嵽֮ǰտտڶԷɺΧ֮ǰؿ˷ߣȥ
ȻҲֻʱΣնѣĻں棬Ҫ֪ԽǿģΣվԽ࣬仰˵ٶƱػԽԽͻ֮ľ޵̡
ȷɣͼͬʱһɽȥһʼƽϣٶȿ죬Ժܿ˾룬ǵȵɽ֮£Ҫɽʱٶ̾ͻήԷǳǵľ룬ȵԷҲͬɽ¿ʼɽʱ֮ľѾСˡ
ң޵ģɽԽϾԽ㣬ٶȾͻһȵ֮ľͻᱻ̵һΪµĳ̶ȣǡԷ׷ΪǣٸߵɽҲжģɽֻԭشתŶԷһ׷ˣ
ڷ˵ôһУǾ޷Խĺ蹵Ҳһ׷յ㣡Ȼһеǰǣ˶ܻߵ
Ψһ˼ɵģֻĻˣ࣬Ҳ˿η壬Դħ޵ıܣңĻĸоҲͬ쳣ܹ׵жϳ⼸֮䣬ƺҲƣ
ոɱ䣬ͬҪҵսӦոձǵٴһɱ䣬һ˵Ŀ뷽Ҳûʲôͻ
۷ԸԸ⣬ֻвʮʱٶڻǽжѾﵽʮ׵ķΧ̶ֳȵУĻҲ̫ˣҪ˵ƾ̿ޱǿļԼڸӻӦѾ׷ˡ
Ŀ֮͸һ˿Ȼ֮ɫȻһ㣬ûһͷ˻ҵ֮УѾȫ޷سɴˣΪЩѾֳ⣬ʱκεصУµǣΧĿռЩе˺֮£ҲѾʼң£ռ䣬ָ˲ͻᱻʱ֮УҶʣ¡
أ
ŵ˵Ѿʮʮľˣ˵ǣȻʥǿߣвҲͬ
ԶѾԿ˵ӰˣǵٶҲǳʱƣԼḷ̌ЩҲȻܹ׷
λΣǶˣְɱٷʤΣԶԶģ̲ס˳
ȴ֪˵ãôһ˵ȴǸ˷
Ѿ쵽ˣһ˿âӳ˵׷׷ٿһЩܲó֣ǿֲѹˡ
ѹûľ֮£ҪҪֲѹĻ겻ݵ׷ǰΣգ˵ǲɱ׺ЩˣҲͬ⣬⼸˵ѾǱľˡ
ֻҪˣ£ֻҲԿԼеĿ־˰ɣ
һˣʵǿдη֮ģ޷еĿ־壬ôӳʵҲͻۿۣǴʧˮ׼ĳʧ˵־ױ
ʲôǼ֮սģǲпĻжĵĿʣ
٣뷽׵ضǸ޷ֿµѹġ
ʤƽѾʼбô


ľ ʮ ֮
꣡
ѾʼЩˣԭʵ˵Ͳٳˣּ޵ѹ֮£ȴȻ£Ǿ嶼ѾƵ˼ޣ·ʱ˶һ㡣
Щ˷˺ͽźţϧȴʼûеõظһ緽֮ǰԤϵһЩ˸Ͳܷ׷ɱĻȻ£ȴϾǳģֻҪԷĻ֣ʱڣĻǲ׸ı乥Ŀġ
ĿٴԶһĨɫڷ˸˵Ľٶǿ˼֣ǰȥ
磬ǰ֮ˣԼСġϵķ֮УСħٴδӷĵѡ
ۣ֮ģҲǿһ㣬֮۵ȻܵӰ죬ϢȻ࣬ȴҲѾӰƬˡ
֮۸ǵķΧ֮ڣֻĴڣκαԴ֮ᱻһϣңѹ£ٶȻǷӦ½
ңԴˣҲԲɣΪ򲢲κϤԴ˵й򣬻仰˵ӵԴķƬ֮УҲͬᱻѹơ
Щ˵ȻʵϣҲƬ̵Ĺѣ
ѾСħ֪˹֮۵Ϣǵ̤Ƭһֲֿ̣ѹ÷һֵͷܵͷͷת˲ţǶڷ˵ҲѾǳˣǴŵı֮ľƿأŵ˵գ֮е֮ǾԵ޵Уûκܹ˼
ڣ֮Ѿ֪ȥˣ򣬼Ƿ磬Ҳ봳뵽ѹԽĨɱˡ
ڷ֮˲䣬ĻҲһ˿ԥĵطƾʵЩ⣬ҲѵĻᣬһ֮۵УǱǱˡ
ԥûг̫ãϴεɱҲѾǣǱϾʱ̫࣬ħ޵ıܶ˵ռ˴󲿷ֵľ͸ҳȥȻҲͬϾΣԶ˫ģοоĵǸܵŴԴϢֻҪ̵Ǹ࣬пܽĻһɱ䣬̤ʥס
Ϣʱ䣬ĻѾ˾ŷĳ˽ȥ
ף
ϣѾĿɫˣط֮ͬУǷƽ̺֮ȴκ˾¡
ҲܹܵĵǷݿֲףѾֵܹļˣٿɴıȥ
ԣϣͣŽĻ꣡
֮
޿ˣҲڰڳս̬ͷϲŵ֮͸һ˿ֲϢĻǿҲòİĺɫ۾ŷ磬͸һּΪΣյζ
ðģֹǷ磬ҲͬƬ֮УκðʧжԼ
ž
µԵöֲ
ԶӵҲڷֳ£˷ѵĻᣬ˶ûֵ̳˼ǵŷĻƴܾˡ
ּˣȻطƺʺɡ¶һ˿Ū֮ɫӵһڡ
ֻħ֮ǰѾһɱ䣬ж£ҵԴֻ̾пͻƵʥףʱ˭ܲˡĶĻ꣬ڣҲǿһв
˵Ļôɨһ뷽ŵĻ꣬赭д˵ʥ׵Ļ꣬Ȼ޷Ӧ֮ɱΪѡ
ƽȴҲ͸ǿţδ̤ʥ׵Ļ꣬ǳȫҲܹͬɱֻǣһͬҲḶĴ۶ѡ
֣ӦһĻӦҲ°ɣͬʱҲ
۾΢΢𣬷粢ûд𻰣ֻеȴ˼֣Ļ걾ֲ̫Щ⣬ֻҪϸһЩҲܹɱģǣأɲֻһĻꡣ
γɺΧ֮ƣûĻ꣬Ҳֲ֮ͬˡ
һ˫ֽճǾͲĻң̤ʥô
һִɷġЦеĿŷ磬Ȼұ֤Ļ껹δ֮ǰֹ
ɱĻѣֹֻĻɷԴĻǾͼ򵥵Ķˣֻһ˳֣Ҳаܹõ
ѣ֣ͣɱΣۿ˵ͨһСĵĿ֮Сƶ·Ļ͵ϮһĪԿڵ
ɱ֮ԻˡĪԵĿв˿ɫʣݿڣ񣬷·˵һ΢һ˿ֵġ
֮䲢ûгޣǸô绹Щĵʵ
ôĿ˷һۣĪԵڵӰɱ֣ΪұĲ²˭ô
Ӱɱ֣ĸһȴǶʱͳĬƺԭ׼һ˵ǣĸ֮ǰʧȥЧ
Ӱɱ֣֣ӵ΢΢һ㵣Щŵ˳Ҳת۵ʱҲ㷴Ӧ˹Ѿ籾ǵɱֻ֣ûܼʱǸý˴Ӱɱϵѡ
û뵽㾹Ȼϳˡָ΢ɲ㶯˼£ڣǳݡ
ôһϣĪ֮⣬˶Ц˳ȴҲ˼֮̾ɫһȻǿȻڵ˼£ΪУһô˵
ɱ֣ԣҺֶΣһ̣ǲļ֮սóôŷ磬ĪԳڵΨһģû뵽ĻɣĻΣȫ֮ô
⣬ɫȻһ䣬һ֮䣬־ʱʩչΪ˲䣬ûκԥĪԳ˹ȥ׷ŷĻҲͬ׷ȥ
һôϧĻ겢ãҲûÿռ䷨ˡĺһһ̤ǿҵĹ֮ԴȻԥŷ֡
ʵϣͬһʱ䣬ĻˣĽΣһ˶ĬϵģǾǣһ磬ӵԴˣ֮жһ̣һֱ
һɲǼ䣬һ֣ӲƻԭأΧɱ֮ƣѳɣ


ľ ʮ ۽޷
ַ뱳󳤽һɲǼ䣬ϵƶȻһ䣬ܻδ֣һɿֲȻȻĻΧţȻǿ֮ƣȴ·̼ͷ˷츲صı仯
Ҫκεһ˲䣬˲˰벽ĻҲܵĸоһ̹ǵĺ⣬ԾĶһ£İ۾·Ҫ翴һ㡣
˵ϣһ̣ȴͻȻЦֻ̻΢Ц䵽˵бֱͬ١
λѵһ㶼棬Ϊʲôһ·ô
򵥵һ仰ȴȻ˵ĳȵףûһжʵ̫˳ˣһеĽ·һƺõģǣһȴվ̫˳ˣ˳š
֮ǰľʵ̫Ѿȫ˾ʶĺ⣬񷽴⻰һڣȴ˲ȻӦ˹
ûгһ˲䣬۵һеĹؼ֮ǰеĹ㾡ȫȻʵȴƺΪǰѽһֱţȴʼնûаγֻǣ˵ĸо̫ǿƣ̫أ㲻ҲȻ˼ɵ֮ټԴռ䱾Դĳʣŷ⡣
ֻǣһ˽ܹóˣĻһѽûô
Ȼ⣬⣬ܾӰսֵĹؼ
һ벻ҾȻСˣͫȻһһȻȴǲ˷֮䣬Ȼһɢʥ֮ȨȣˣеƵĿɲֻһˡ
֮Ȩȣʱ̣ܵѹ̲ס˹֮Ȩȣһ·׷ڣ֮ǰҲûйɻֻǣ뵽չ֮Ȩȣĵһ̣óҪ֮鷽һ˿롣
ǿҵĹ֮Ϣһ䣬ȴȻǲÿɷϵ΢Цδй˿ļ١
ټأĿŷ磬ĪҲȻ̤ǰһĳһѶϽܿ⼣߰ߣȻǶϽ֮ɢĽȴκ˶ݡԭںĻ궼һ˿⣬˸Ŀ֮ж˼η塣
ЩչֳʵѾĻܵвˣóʵֻתˣ˵ʲôҲ׷
΢΢粢ûлشֻŵĽȻʣһ˲䣬Ƶĺڰ׶ȻתֲϢͻƣ
ûаϻնһǴ˿õĻش
ضɫ䣡
һɲǼ䱬̣Ȼ˶УְԵǣԺأһ֮䣬Ȼǹ֮ȨϽҲͬȻʧɫ
Σ
һ̣жӿһƵĿ־У·Ǻ֮еһһе
㱼䣬ĪԶȻһֵݷʱѹȸУܲϣȴòϣݷһսݷչֳʵʵ̫ǿˣǿ󵽣ӲҲ֪Լ޷Խ޷⣡
˿̣չֳƱͬյݷһܻй֮
䣡
һ֮䣬˵Ӳĸɸɾԭ˵תΪ·һ̣ĸǱˣԼһ
һ֮£ʵĸ£Ҳʱ˳
ֳֶϽĪӶŹ֮Ȩȵӽ˺һȻ볽ȴǲ㱻Ѫһ˳ʮಽסΣȴǽһ֮ƮȻ˻ȥ
⾳ǡ۽
ΪɱĴˣ۶ڵ۽ϤԶ֮ϣҲΣ۽ᵽֵĳһ֣ʱϳ˵۽ŵľ˳
۽
ûоĹˣֶǿ˵ζʲôǼֱһجΣһҴľԽɣ
Ѿ޾ǿգҲû˸С۵
˵۷óʲôЩ̫η壬ǵ۽Ψһ⣬Īԣһ̣ӿһƵĿ־壬ȫû˿ս⣡
ԶˣǸݺݽ̤µݷ˼֮µǾ仰
Ǹ󶼱ΪױȵľţԴӽС֮󣬱ʼδһܵţ˼緵֮ȴֻǾ̾Ϣһ۽߾ն鴫ңʤ
һ仰֮ݷ;Կʼ˱չأأ
һ仰һ˺εȵ𺳣ǲ֪һսľݷ֮ʱ״̬ȴԳƲϺãһݷ綼Գʤ˵ĴڣĪȫûа֮
ʮУݷУʮжû߳ȥǻݷûʹ̤Ž£
ߣֻЩˣһ̤˱һɾս⣬۽Ӷ֮䣬ֲĽϯ·ȫ˿ѵĻᣡ
طȻУҪҲмְյģȴ֮ͬ۵֮ڣܵѹƵĲǷ磬ǣ
㲻ҪǣƣҲδ˭Ŀȵ
ôǾԿɣһЦüͷȻһӣֻҪ֧ӣҰܣ
µ˲䣬ıȻֳһ԰ɫһ˲佫ٶᵽһַ˼ľ磡
ħ֮
˵֮۵򣬻ʲôܹѹĻǱħ֮չħ֮˲䣬ֱӷ˼⿪ħ֮һطӡ֮ŵõ
һ˲ļٶȴﵽƿյĳ̶ȣٶȣѾﵽ˼£˵ˣ磬Ҳδܹѷ׷ɱңֲֿٶȣֻҪ粻Ҫһͷ֮۵ȥκӥеƣܹٶͷų
Ψһȱݾǣļ٣ֻάӶңߵƶڷ˵ҲһּĸɣԴʵҲͬܵ𺦣
һھͽӣʵԴΪʵȫıҲֻ֧Ӷѣ
ȻЩǲ˵ģԸĺӷĿںţ˵һּΪµѹܲһܹӰ쵽ǵսֻҪһӰĿܣͲŹ
֮ս
ǷԼµ֮սķ磬Ҳûʮİܹʤһӽûս˿ܾԼˣ
Ҳֻѹե֮µļ֮սʵͷŷǱ
죬쵽˼£
һ֮䣬ӳϰٽͬʱϯˣĻ룬ȫûаֹ˼ʵϣĻҲ¶Ĵ֮۷Χ֮ڵ룬˶ѾˣĻȻˡ


ľ ʮ ӰӲɱ
ѣռ𵴣
ӽ⿪ħ֮ĵһطӡʼ֪ħ֮֮ϵʵһֿǷ̶Ȼ̺Ĺ֮˿ȵ۽ٸǼ޵ٶȣնɱѰ벽ʥס
ǣȴǷ磬һνеͷųҪ֪ݷһս֮ʱҲûнħ֮ͷųѾϰ־ٶȣȻħ֮ļЧ֮󣬷ҲȻЩϰߣٶȣ˵ǰ벽ʥˣʥ׿Ҳﲻ˲˺յٶȰ
Ǽ֮䣬ħ֮ͷųǿֲĸ֮Ҳæˣķ磬һλãļٶ֮£ҪǾԵ
ôȥˣǸƴˣ˭뿪͸һĨɭȻɱһȻȴҲԣĺ˳
ǲûԸƴЩƽյ֮ǣһƵ޿˵ĵزȴȴԲǱȴļޱһеƴˣµķ
ӡ
й֮ȨȻ㶯ӱĹ֮Ӱʵʣ̫Ĺâɲ֮Ӳ֮Ȩȵ֮Դ߶˴ɵľ磬ĴӡɾԶ֮ǰ֮ʱԱˡ
һ˵ȫ߶֮Ȩʱʵ˲ʥǿ濹ĵزŵƾ裬˿̣ǻһУκĵĴ߶ӡ
ŵ˵ӣȻʥˣֻҲݱܷâ
ңȴҲԶԶǽӱ˲䣬ĪҲֳֶͬϽһɫĽȻӶϽ֮ӿÿ˵ǰĽ̴أ˵Ϣ
㱾ʵԶݷ磬ƾϽ֮ǾĽ⣬㾡ȫͷŶȴҲ˿ݷˣһȻǷҲͬܵһ˿ΣУ
֮棬˫
³⼸֣Ī˷·ϽںϵһУ߶ȫѪųһû˿·ҲûиԼ°ֻأ
еĽȫںһ֮ĪֻһҲֻܳһ
һ֮뼫״̬նɱ˷֮ܲ߳Ҳ˵һ̣ȴҲѾû˿ѡˣ
ߣ˫Ҳʧν۸ղᣬˣ
ȻȲݷ磬ĪȴҲͬǽΪɫĵӣ뵨ҲеģƵȾأѾںֻǿһնЯҲϧ
ɱɱɱɱɱɱɱ
һӿб߸ɱ֣ҲűԼǿһ
ɱ䣬ҲǷõֲȫ汾ɱԴڵɱ䣬˵һɱѪľ裬ãԶȲɱһȴʵҲѾõеľ裬ɱ¾Դͬ˫ӵжϽ֮ȨȵĪһЩȴҲͬﵽ˰벽ʥܴ߷ļ£
ƾһ̤ڰ벽ʥ׵ˣĪԻҲҪһߣϾ۾ȫûκġ
дѾ㹻ֲˣȻʥףҲδؾһܳŵסǣЩȴҲȻԶǼޡ
͸ͬʱ볽Ҳͬǿս
ͷȣ
üһɽĺظУɫĹĻޱȵŶȻƻ⵱յһȴɱֲɽ£֮Դľ豻ӵ쾡£ûκļӳɣҲ˿Ī֮¡
ΪһĻ֮ԴͬҲûѷɫ̫ࡣ
ң֮ԴԿ񱩵ĹģѤĵɫ棬֮УҲȻΧ¶Ȱθ˽ٶȣŵ˵ͨֻմȾһ˿ϢҲ˲ˡ
ѻͣ
һĵɫ滯һŵĻߣͬһȼյĻ˿ĸеǰŷķȥ
ҲģΧ֮ѹţĻƾһԽռˣУ缸ȫû˿أֱӾӭֲĹ
٣һɲǼ䣬徹ȻͬʱӰͬʱӭ˵Ĺ
۽߾նһնʶ
ͬӦݷһ㣬ĪԵĽ⣬ڵһʱͷ˵۽߾նһӰȻĪԵķֺ̬ɨһУ˲ϢҪնĪԵʶֳֶϽ˫Ҳͬ޷۽߾նİԵ
ɱɱֹɱ
һ֮󣬷ܣڶӰȻŷ۶ȥɱ¾Դ֮仯ΪѪɫɱϵ۽ݺŷ۶ȥȴҪԵɱ¾ԴӲɱ䣡
֮
Ӱģٴȫ߶ԴΪ֮սӭĵɫ棬ڱĵطԴķ磬Ҳδؾһˣοħ֮۽ļӳɣ÷һսˡ
Դ֮
˻һ쳹ص֮Ȼ𣬷ȴǸɴཫ֮ѪȼȡԴΪ֮ڿնһצһмĵӰȻȥġ
һӰȴһбԴ֮˿ɵһȭ
羢ļޱŶڷ羳룬ǷҲ޷׼ȷļһȭ൱ڶٱıˣһȭȴѾﵽһдڵľ磬ҪκαԴĸΪһȭѾԱκαԴȫˣ
֮ڣ޵У
䣡䣡䣡䣡䣡
Ӱιħ֮ٶȵĸ֮£Ȼҽͬһʱ䱬Ӳ÷ͬʱ˵ĹʵĴ߷˼ޡ
ûܿһеȫֱǾĳɢȥ뷽Ӱͬʱ˳
߶ħ֮ϵļٶȣڷ˵ѾǼˣͬʱӲˣ˲ʹﵽ˷ܳصļޣϵƤȻѿѪȻΪһѪˣħ֮ϣҲͬմȾѪ߰Ѫӡڽ׵֮ϣ졣
ͬΪر˲ǿ棬羹ȻӲԾԵʵ俪˵ķ˳״򱬣ΪһƬѵѪɢռ֮Уֻ֮ȨȾƯڿУ֤ڹĺۼ
֮ڣ޵У
֮У羢ģɱһ˿Ȼӵй֮ȨȣΪ֮ǿһҲ޷žɱһ
һ֮䣬Ծɱ


ľ ʮ ɱ
㣬ƺûʲôԵˡ
һ˲䣬ǿնɱĽԽƵˣԭͲᶨƴ֮ģһ̣ǳĶҡ֪Ѿ޷ˣҲͲ򷽴緢ˡ
Ӱͬʱ˵Ĺ˾ɱ֮⣬ҲѹûֵʲôĪԣҲռϷ磬ǣ㵽˴˿̣ҲͬûָĪĿ־֮С
ƴˣҲǿ֮ĩˣƴȥһ˭ӵûܸ̫౯ˣһ̣Զ˵ķӦΪһ仰ͽ˵Ķ־
ƾĶۣ⻰ûдķͬȥһۣȷѾҵ˼£ԼҲܹĸоĲˣ·֮еÿһƤÿһѪⶼڲһ˼֮ƣУ
ս˵̫ˣһţñ˹ԼҪȥˡ
ȴζţѾˣ
Ϊ̿ͣ־ǿԶܹģǼκ֮䣬½ȶ͸һ˿âɭȻӻδαƴ
һ̤ȫû˿˼ת֮䣬е۽ٴų˿ֲĽֲٶȵĪԶȥ
۽߾նҵҪ㻹ܽ¼͸һ˿Ȼ֮ɫȻٴδһӰݺĪնȥ
ն
֮ϵһͬû˿֣˵ǸոѾǼµһ۷ʱڵĪҲͬסһƣ
գȻݷǿƣԵ۽߾նҲͬ޷⣬ѡ̤Ž֮࿹
ĪȻҲǽĵӣǱݷȴվҪһЩ̤ŽȫûʸӴ״̬Ҫ۽߾նһЦ
һ֮䣬նϣ
ʧȥʶʧȥĪѾоΧһеĴˣͺԼѾһĿռ䣬һ㣬ԭжڷʹη壬ֱƵľ֮£ûȥˣֻƾ豾ܷɿĻеĽͼֹ˵Ŀ
͸һĨ⣬һü޵ٶȷɿĪԵͬʱ׷Īԣ
״̬£ĪȻʱ֣ʶն޷жߵ˭ٶ̫죬쵽׽Ϣ
׷ŷɾͳΪ˰ӣڸоӽ˲䣬ĪԱĽ콣кȥ
ôýֻͣǷĹȴڲԾ佫æң
Ƭ̵Ŀ϶бһĨâȻһֽռ䴫͵ٶųȥû˿ԥ־Ǿɱ
Դ죬һ֮£Ӳƿ˳ִٲóķߣ
ɣ
Σ֮£ҲͬȼԼȡһǲϧ뷽ͬھ
䣡
ѹһߴηλÿһ䵽ӿ֮ԴĻ֮ϣ֮䣬Ӳ֮
ֻǣ˴˿̣֮Ҳͬĸɾ޷вˡ
һ֮󣬷Ҳû˿˼һնĪԣոշĹ֮УĪҲʶչ֮ԴǷܹͷųģжԼĹϧû΢һЩĵ۽һ
ն⾳
⾳Ȿ֮ľ磬˱Դ֮⣬⾳ǿĹԴˣһʧȥ⾳֧ţʣµĹܹµʵٵĿˡ
Ī˵һ޽µҲǽ⾳ˣǿԶݺĽвĶ࣬ǶϽû㹻Ľ֧Ҳʹ߶ǿ
ǣ˲䣬һն⾳
һɲǼ䣬Ī˵춼̤ˣ·еһжѾȥˣקŶϽҲ޷˿İȫС
׳н۽߾նĹ죬븪׳нЧֱӴ߽һ˵Ķ־
ڷ˵ʱĪԼֱͬ׵ĸһ㣬û˿ԥһ֮䣬۽ɴĴĪԵʺĨһѤѪɫһϢ
ֱ٣Īûҵ˿ҵĴڸУʧȥһвûлǰ׳޵Ԩ
ǣĪԱĨնɱͬʱոջҶһٵĳȴȻ֣Լ徹Ȼĳ˶ѣִʹϮ˲䣬˵ȻѳΣ
ħ֮
죬ǿ־壬Ҫ˵ЩʲôȴҲκˡ
û֮Ѿȴˣħ֮ǿֲļ֮£ħֲ֮ߴλλͬʱѾƾħֲ֮ĸЧնߴΣԣһ֮󣬲赭дߣȫû˿׷˼
ֻħ֮ʵ̫ٶ̫죬һĵֿ֮ĳûܲ쳣ֱתɱĪԣҪǰæʱЩпڲȻֳ˲Ϣ֮㳹״һ仰û¡

˿̵ķͬҲѾ˼ޣǾ壬ͬ⵽شʵʵĶԺ֮УܹռϷ磬Ҳ޿ɱҪܵԷĹЩ˺ټָƶĸɣƬ֮䣬ʶѾģƣ
ʹʹһѰ˲Ϣ֮䣡
ȻȴȻӲַʹ˾ɱ̶̲һӵʱ֮ڣٴϮɱĪ볽ˣ

磬һҲڱɱĵˣ⻹ô˵ĵˣʲôܹ֮⣿
ڷۣȴǲٴθֳɱ֮֮ǰ
ʵ֮У̫Σգǣס۽ˡҪκνߣҪ֮ΪУ
֮ǰǷݣҪ֮ڽսʱ򣬷۶ԴҲȻмһˣΪ֮һɱν۽Ҳ̫˼Ҳǰ벽׵ʵʲôηģɱѾ˵˼һҪܷ֤Լ
ǣŷӶһʱ䣬նɱ˵ƣ۲ףɱĻǺεĵ۽ˣܹģһʥǿٴ뷽罻棬ɣջˣһǷ磡
Լǵʵƣ˼ҵУֻһЦѣ
һ־֮УѾˣһ̣֪Ӧüƴĺˡ


ľ ʮ ۣ֮
Ѫɫ
ԭʥϢİɫѾһ㵭Ѫɫɱ͸񶯵ɢķֻǾڿˣַսҲȻ޷ɢ
ΧܵսӰ죬ҲԵԽĿڿеĶϽ֮ȨȻƯţ۵ľ벢Զֻǣȴȫûаȥ
磬ҳðʧˣôƣҲû뵽˿ֲʵֻǣնɱˣҲͬѾǿ֮ĩɣȻԽǶնɱ㱾ҲٸһЩҵĴۡĶŷ磬ͻȻڣڴͬʱüӿֳһƬصķƬ֮䣬ü͸ϢȻǵƾȻ˿֮ȨϽ֮¡
粢ûаѻ˵̫ĶȴҲѾ˵һˡ
ĪԣصһĻһ·ܲ׷Ĵ㣬ǣһ·ϣ¶һòҪӵǰѣ
ȻֶβֽɱˣǴĵףҲû̫οԣ
֮ڿ紳ģҲȻǸ׷ΪӵĹ֮Ȩ˱ʤĻᣬΪͬӵŲڹ֮Ȩȵĵƶѣ
ǱƵľأҲᱩ©ܣϾӡüϵķļΪһ⿪Ҳ޷·ӡˣ仰˵һս֮üҲҲزסˡ
ĵƣֱ䣬ȲѽҿĵƣԴΪ֣ҪʵҲȻĪ֮£ڷ˵Ϊ֮ԴԻҪΪѲ
֮ǰǶݵĽ棬ȻƸɾնɱˣֶο˵ɱ˵ȴҲɷϣΪˣͬ˼Ϊ߰Ĵۡ
ҲһЩ̸еĳ룬Ͼ״̬ǻҪǿնɱĪԸѲƱػὫһ൱Σյľأ֮Σյ򣬲ʤĽܾͬھ
粻۾æ˵Ϊۣ֮ȨϽսƷңҿԷѪľһ˵ȥ
ʵһУʱǻĴ̰Ǿˣ֮ȨϽȻãȴҲԶȲԼСǣʱЩˣȻǷҲȱܹһ١
ҲͬԷѪģۼһ˿ת۸Ǹɴ࣬ң˵ҲǵˣʦɱԺܰ㡣
еƣҲͬаɣûֱӻش𣬷ǹһ˿Ц⣬ʵ
ͷƤһ飬ȴվûΣҧҧûʲôûҿԱɱ¾ԴܻɱǿһȻҵԼ
ɱ֤ɱôûƴؼڷ˵Ȿƾ裬ֻǣ򲻵ѣԲʩչֶξˡ
ѾƵƵǿУƴնɱҪεȳصĴۣ
ֻҪһ仰ɽһ⣬ĳ̶ȣҪĿҲͬﵽˣƺȫûбҪƴȥˣ򲻹ܾ˶ѡ
¶һ˿΢Ц΢Ͻ֮ȨУĶ䵽۵УһʯȴȻˣȻ粢ûֱӻش𣬲ľٶѾĬˡûκεԥͬʱҧָ⣬ѪģӵżԼϣһ¾ûʲôڵˡ
ȻҲһۣѪĵʱ򣬾˵ˣ뿪֮ǰ粻ٶǳ֣ԼǰᣬǷΥȻҲνԼˡ
ʱ䣬˲տտﵽӵļޣֻʣ²ʮ룬ٵЧҪʧˡ
һǿҵƣзĴӷӿǵ۽ħ֮Ļ֣綼ȫ޷֧ȥˡ
ЩζĿ⻺˵ɨ米ħ֮һȻ֮۶ȥлλĺ⣬ܻܲȥɾҪǵ컯ˡ
һ˲䣬˵ĿʱΪ֮һŵĿ򷽴磬ԭոշ˲˼£
ȷûǳֵ˼ֻǽż״̬ڴڵĻᣬ֮۵ķȥûаԥĽе۵һ𣬺ۣ֮
֮ɱ¾֮֮
ԴȫޱķͷŶ֮ǿںϣ۽֮һжںϵһһܻһѾ׳Խ˰벽ʥܴﵽļޣ̤ʥ׵Ĳζңħ֮״̬֧ţеһȫӵһ˳˼ޣϤ֮䣬֮۳
¡¡
һɲǼ䣬ط·ѾֲǣǷԻأԭͿѹһ˲ʮֹľٶ֮ۻ˵һγƣ
֮Ѿ䣬Ҳ޷ΪһɲǼ䣬Զǿķ֮ǵ򳹵ежͬһʱ䱬ֲǼ֮ѾƬء
׵У˲䱻񱩵֮ԼܹѣȻѾȫ֮֮£ҲȻĲһ
˵һļ£ô֮۾
֮£һоΪۣ
ӣ
һ˲䣬ޱߵĿ־ͬʱ۵ĵʲôķӦش𣬶ûĽ
ۣ֮ѵôҲôķʽɣ֪ˣԸ˵ķƴһΣ˵Ҳһ˭˵ܹѣ
ӣΨһͷ֪ܺãҲȻǲһеΧȥһй˼ɣȼ껻ȡļ٣׷Ѱһ
ת֮䣬ƬأٶԶȼ״̬µķ죬ûѵĿܣеһжûֲ֮¡
ֱûһ̣ҲףѾռϷ磬һսķ磬Ϊʲôѡô˵ķʽɱΪѵǸӣȫû뿪ô
ȻΪһжǷģǽֻܵѣҲδؾһǣֿ񱩵֮£ҲǾһ˵Ļᣬٷ֮һ
ͬʱ֮۵ķ籩Ҳʹϯܿ첨򣬺ŵ˵ôƬ̵ʱ䣬֮УҪܵѹ˽ʮ
޵ѹһЩ˵ܹȫѹե֮дĺôͬģ޷ѹǾˡ


ľ ʮ Դɣһ
ת֮УСħӶѪɫĳ򣬹ͣڿУ˿Ӱ죬ֻȴ͸żֹ֮ɫеġ
ۣ֮㸲˼ǧ׵ľ޴Уۣ֮Χ֮ͬ۵һ㣬ȫҺ̬ģңĴĹ򣬿˵µȻʥף棬֮䣬Ҳᱻۣۼ
ĵλãһ΢Ĺ·Х֮еһҶۣ·ʱܳ׸ȴƫƫ֧š
ʥǿϳһСŹǱģ˵꣡
꣡
ûۿ֮۵˲䣬ʵѾǿ񱩵˺飬ԴҲ֮۵ķ֮ҴȻǷҲ޷⡣
ʵϣħ֮۽Ļ֣һ˲Ҳͬױһ˿ᶼڡ
ǣħ֮۽ĴڣȴһΣĹͷס˷꣬ƾ꣬屻֮ûһֹķʽʱ֮девƯ
Сħ֮ǰ˵Ļᣬۣ֮֮۵ڻ֮УһԴɣ
ɣѾǷǳ߹Ǳˡ
ƶ⻰˵ļ򵥣ȻʵϣҪڻȴʵ̫ѡ
ۣ֮֮ݻٵ壬Ȼ󱣳겻ΪһļƾȥԴҲֻСħĳңҲֻзֿƱ̬ŲгɹĿܡ
Ĳ˵屻ֲֿѹѾ˱ˣοҪ֮е򣬾ͱ벻ϵ֮ӴÿһײĶ޿ܵľʹǷ˵ʹ࣬ԶκνĿܹġ
ħ֮۽ĴڣȻַܹʱᱻ𣬵־ϣЩȴȫ޷æģ򵥵˵ǷԼ޷Ƿ˵ʹ־ĻȻͻ֮ɢκֹܹġ
ң⻹ѵģ
ǵ۽ħ֮ҲܵģҲֻάһʱѣһ˵ǡ죡
ʱǼޣһʱ䣬Ƿͻ𣬰ĿܶûУħ֮۽ڷ󣬾ͻΪ֮֮ͬУֱǿܹǴߡ
ô仰˵ҲǣҪ֮֮۵е۳ʵԴȻԴ壬ܹﵽ׼ؾ֮󣬷ܹӵԴǿԱκʥǿߣԴɣֻҪ룬һͷ֮䣬٣ƾԴ̤ʥף
ֺôСħҲַ
ΣգͬǳŹôκۺ졣
̫ǳǷ⣬˵ףʵȻǸո̤׶ѣڱԴѾ˼ǿĸҲܸıʵ
Ҫڶʱֲ࣬ǳԽˣΨһķʽּͨļ޴ƣκ
Сħ˼Ӧ״̬˽֮۵ģǣ֪Щ֮ȴɴǣҪһвȫ
ò˵ͷʵ̫ˣֻǷһ¶˾ģûֹܹߣڷУԼǲ۷״̬֮дôƴҲûκӰˣһκݵģվܻܲ뿪֮۵ģģǱ־
ҲΪˣ֮ǰǸƷļƻһʼǴŻɱ˵Ⲽ֣ƻǹй¶ӰɱֵݣΪһ㣡
ʵӣһ۾ܿǣ˵ľ֣׳ɹ
֮ǰ˵ܹ׷ˣţšԸ
֪Էܴű˼ҲԼʵĨɱһУΧɱ龰ϧ˶һ㣬ǾǷʵʵ
ӵе۽ħ֮籾ѾԿˣ
һ˵ķ硭ʥ֮£ݺ޵У
ʥ֮£Ψһ뷽翹ˣǸ򶼲мǰڽصݷˣ


ľ ʮ Դɣ
ΧȻû˿˥ƵͷƤһ飬ǵʵԭǿȻǿܹ֧ţԴ֮ǰΧȴȻﵽ֮ǰʮһ˲㽫ǴһֲӦĿ죬ʩչ˽һĳҪ֧Ųˡ
ԭ˶Ϊֻһ⣬Ȼ˺Ȼǣھ˰Сʱҳ֮Χȷ˥ȴȻǱԭ屶УЩ˵ѾǳӦˣʣµĴֱǶ꣬ÿܲסԽ࿹տտ֧
Ҳ֪ĪôˣЩǵĿһһͻȻ˵
ݷ粻ڣĪԾЩӵĺģֻҪĪڣǾаӦ֮еκ֮ĪԳ⣬Ǳܴ̾Ķ־ˡ
İɣĪʦֱʵôǿжϽ֣Ʋġ
Ըˡ˵֮䣬ԴɫЩ԰׵ڵûв´仯ܾģĪԵӣȥģٲΧ֮Գܣλáҿƺֹ۰
ԭЩǲ󿴵ԴģȻԴӽʼԴһֱĴԼȻǺԴҲһֱ̿ģЩӵбȽǿƵˣȻҲܹõĻȨˡ
ףʵ˵ģȻֻʵ˶ѡ
ûϵҿĪʦֽȥˣҲŽȥ鷳Ҳ¡
ɨһԶһһѪ˵ȴ˵鶼˲١
ķʲô־涼ҪһӦԵģӵжϽĪԶӦˣǿ˾͸ӦˣҲ赣̫ࡣ
ݷʦھͺˡ˵⣬нĵӸ̾⻰һȴǶʱ͵õ˵ͬȻҲĪԵʵҪ˵ȴվǷȱĪŶϽҲһǣݷ磬ûжϽҲޱΣһֽäĿΣҲݷһš
ЩݷֵĵӣǾãȻһʥǿݷ罻棬ӮҲݷ硣
Щݷ̬ȣԴȻһȴǶʱһ˿ƵĶʼ֮⣬ͷһ˿΢ɲľâȴվǲδڡ
ЩӣΪ֤ԼҲһδνԼƵ˼ޣֵܹزǣһһǣݷ磬·㶼Ƶᣬ㲻ʲôˡƾʲôƾʲôĵطû˴ڵ壿ӵĸоѾܹˣԶһֱĹ⻷֮£·Ψһ壬Ϊݷĵܵܣ˶ѡ
뵽ǸصӰɱ֣ԴȭͷһһŽƽ
ˣȻصӰɱŪģȻ֪ԴȴһƫִΣܹ˱ȻӰɱ֡
ˣǻץʱɣ̫ȶֻʱпǰرգǲ岻֣ʵ
ˣ⻰һʱ͵õ˴˵ͬҲن£˵һ¿ʼ˶ԼĴ

Щ˽ӸԳܣȴ֪񷽴ܵʹѹԶ֪Ǵ˶ٱ֮۵ЩҺ̬ÿʱÿ̶ڳˢŷַ꣬Ĳʹܹ࣬ġǾʹ֮£ȴ뱣־Ե侲бԴĹ֮
һ򵥵Ӱɣһǳӵĸߵѧ飬һʱ֮ڳŪ֮еݣǱķǳ͸УⱾѾ൱˿ǣ⻹У㿴ʱ򣬻պ̣ǩָֺ
ǳˣĥ֮£ֱֻӾͱˣῴʲôˣǣ£첻
˿֮ܵʹ࣬ԶЩνĿ֮ʮٱ
ַڣһ־
ȻԷǿµ־Ļ֮УڣҲ֪ٴαٱȴӲƾһ˹֮Ȼ΢ȴʼչִȼţ
Χ֮УԼһ˿֮򣬶ڷ˵Ϊ鷳ĵطʵûķֻƾ跽羳صȥʵĴȣȻ֮ȥԴ
ȻѣȴҲò˵ʱƼŷЩԴ룬ʹĸо㽥һЩΪܵʹ̫࣬ľʵ
ܼ򵥵˵ҪľǣԼҲתΪһֻ֣ܲ˺Ḷ́תĹ̡
۽ħ֮ṩĻ֮ѾԽԽһ㼴ǷҲĸоΪ֮ǰʹҲ˿ˣʹ֮ҲӦʼܴˣȻ̶ȺС̫Ӱ죬ȴһΣյźš
һδεĽԼƵ֮ϣĸоԨ߸˿ֻҪһͻķǡ
䣡
Ҳ֪˶ãԭѾڳŵ֮ȴǶʱٴαÿԶСħɫȻһ䣬ųȴѹﲻϰæ
˿̵СħҲܹĸܵΣգʱȥֵܼʱ䱾Ѿˣ֮ٴοֱ֣֮ʱܳ׻𷽴꣬һսᡣ
һӣӡʱδδţСħҲ·δδʱ
һ̣СħЩַǷ⣬ŵᣬϾҪٳһ緽̬ʵ̫ˣǷһˣ֪Ҫ˯ˡ
ģϸҴˣԲ˫֮ңּǿߣ˭ҲûܵŰһãֻ¾Ҫ׹֮У޾Ԫ֮ˡ

ȻСħûʧʱȴͻȻ֮۵дһ΢ȻᣬԵƣ֣һֵȴ·ĪһɲǼ䣬ԭڿ񱩵֮˲Ϣľֹ
ɲ֮䣬СħвֳһĨϲ֮ɫȫƲסе˷ˣ
Ƿ磬ʵ̫Ϥˣ΢Ҳܱϵ
ϢĹ֮۵ģЩͬҺһȴ·һǣţԼڵγһģӰϵҲվ޷һǣ
ֻ۶ɵӰȴȻģ֮Ŀ·һҺ̬۵һһ޷Ϊһ塣


ľ ʮ ӡǣ
еӰϵķȴʼ޷ںϵһã̾ϢȻǲһô򣬶˵̫Щ
һСħӶѪɫĳƬ֮ϵ˷ϣֻǣ״̬µķ磬ȴǸҿֻԱķ򣬲ܴģԴ۾С
²С΢΢ҡͷһжѾ׵ĴӡǣǲĨȥӡǣұ޷֮塣
⣬СħȴǶʱĬԭ˷һ̣ѩڣĿŷ磬Ҫ˵Щʲôȴʵڲ֪Ӧ˵
֮ǰͷҲʱ⣬Ѿ뵽˺ܶܣֽȴǳСħϵֻֽ֪СħͲ÷ðձϾķһֻ׵˵ƺ̫һЩ
˿̵ķȴȻûаԹСħ˼ֻǾ֮УɿһеĿܡ
Բ𣡡ãСħڻǴżֿɬڵû뵽
޷Լѡ񡣡СħĻȴ˿⣬ȻһЦ漴ڵοҲδؾһ취ûУ٣ңѾȫӦ֮۵Ļˡ
˵ĺɣСħȴκ˶ˣ
޷ӡǣôԶ޷뿪ֻۣܱ֮⻹õĽϾ񷽴Ѿܻһ֣޷Щôͻ᲻ԾܵʴĿܾǱͬĻΪ֮۵һ֣ʧҡ
һȣֹЩո˵
㻹ʲô취뵽ոշ˵ĻСħʱӦ˹æ׷ʵ
Դˣ絹Ҳûʲôģڻش򵥵İ취ƾԴֱӳʥףѾˣ֮Ӧ߳ɵİܹĨӡǡ
٣̤ʥٵףǾĺȻǶô֮򣬻Ȼûʲô취ֻǲһӡǵĻǾͼ򵥵Ķˡ
Ƕ˵õİ취ˣܹ˳׵һ̤ʥףǼֱַܰ裬Ƕڷ˵ȴѡ
һ㷽粢û˵Сħȴ
֮ͬǰһڳ֮ʱʵԽǿǿȾԽܹõĺôҲԽ෽ܹ֮һֱԽս֮ͬڵݺ޵У⣬̶ܴϣΪ֮ʱԶ˵ĺôԶĲ˵Դɾ;Ѱӵеİɣ
˵ʥ׻ܼѣֻҪһֱԴܹ֮ﵽżԸǶԷ˵ʵ츳ȫܹıԴ֮ĳ
Ҫ֪׿ٴĺôᣬ̤ʥ֮ǰԴ֮ʥ֮ٸвҲ־޴ġ
ʥ֮ǰЩԴȫıԴ֮ʥ֮ٸǾ޷뱾ԴˣֻǽñԴ֮ѣеĲɾʵ̫ˣ
ʵϣʥףڳʥ֮ʱӵʲôıԴӵеıԴҲͽֻһֶѣ
緽粢û۵вǼһЩҲˣǣķȴעҪ۵ģһǵֻ̤֮ʥףպ֮伸ȫ޿ɱġ
գ۳ʥʱӵжٱԴû֪ΪѾбԴڻΪһ壬γ˶صֻرԴǺʣ̤ʥ֮ʱӵеıԴԶԶֹһ֣ӹɵġ
ûٺСħ˵ʲôȻٴν֮УԴʥ׵Ľ˸Ķ࣬Ȼ˵˳ǵһҲǾƲġ
ҡҲδȫûκΰ취ˣ
Ȼ޷Ĺ򣬵ǣˣ绹ӵһ˸޷ġ֮
һʱ䣬ʶȫ֮УϸĻ֮ĵεΡ

бһĵüİŪţԵüȻ棬˾裬ɲƮݣȴǰûд˼
Ծ֮ϲµļƷ裬겻ֻ֪֣֪ĲҶ漴ٶǮҲ򲻵һǰˮѩȡĴѩˮûܹȾֻһ㣬ҲĿȴһеķա
ͷ㡣Сĵĳһˣӷɿתţ̽ſڵ
֪˿ûд˼Ȼڣ漴ԼǰĲ豭еһȻԵá
ͷ㲻ҪôСҲȡ궪鱾չһƤЦӡ
ž
Ÿոһֱߵ̱㾫׼ޱȵһţֱӽ˻ȥҵĲãȻ֪ҪãȣԼȥɡ
ȴǶʱͿȥʲôЦȱ˵ҲǺ˲ɲλã֪ʵҲͲɲ
еĲ豭û˿˺һڣż˵ȣҲǲԣеĵˣұһ
죿ʱͬƨһܻ˵ͷҰ˳أұ죿
ž
شһ̣ɴ䣡
Ѿ죬ȴ˳ƾ˾͸ðһǡ赭дĿ꣬˵˵ƽĿȴǶʱ׼˵Ƕ˻ȥ
ðɣͷұԣܵøңĵʲôðɣһƨϣûʵ
㿴Ĳǵһľ΢΢ҡͷ˵絽ˣһҲ޷ǲȻҲá
ľľͷҾǲףľжã
һʲô֪ˡ΢΢ҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵裬ĵģĲҲ̣
˵һᣬεķ˷ۣðɣ֮ô˵㣡
ֻǺȲԲȥ
ιͷ㲻˵Ǿ粻㱳ҲôҾ绹ҲͲñ˰ɣץס֮е©Ŀڣһֱ׳ӡ
Ǿͱһһͷû̧һ£ȻڣشĸǸɴ䣡
@#@#**#@⻰һȴǲûѪһȦôƻ˰
ߵıҧгݵ·ĵһ㡣
ȻһЦ꣬͸һ˿º֮ɫȥҪ׵һ־磬ǵôıһһɡ
ͷݣյİԴӵ¶ܻĺ˳
ѾĲˣپҾֻܵˡ赭дָǰĲ裬һ벻ӣ·ǸʲôƷ裬ֻ·һ˵͵㲻ۡ



ľ ʮ ꣬ΪǬһ
ŵȻȻüͷȴѾû֮ǰַܣ͸һ֮⣬·ľɽΪһ壬ǲϸΧˡ
ֱȻŲ裬²𣬿ȻһĴӣǰĲ豭ȴѾһһԡ
꣬˻Ƿǳģʲô飬ֻҪСһĵִЧĺãǶЩҲһ
˲һСʱʱ䣬Ѿ״̬ȻҪĿ龳绹кܴĲ࣬ȴҲԶǼ򵥵Ŀ飬ôˡ
꣬˲Ҳ΢ЩȻ˵ʲôľҲľʲôãȴ֪Ѿ̤ǸżˣҲΪˣԣδĳɾͲ޿ɹΨһϧǣ磬ƺѾݲ־ˡ
΢΢̾Ϣһ΢΢ǰһ豭ȵƮ˹ȥûƮǷɣΪ豭ٶȷǳֱͬƮҶһ㣬·ԶԶĴһڶ֮ܽһǣ豭ȴȻôȵƮţɽɽ粢δͣЪ
ûжһķϻȻҲѾϰ״ַ̬һҳ飬üͷţƬ̣ŶֱߵĲ豭һڣü˼
ãֱеĲˮѾŽ֮ŵһߣ̧ͷˣͷôнģһ˵ô֮䣬ĵҲҿ
һɵóôûаı飬˵ķʵ
һȴǶʱסˡ
ܣѵѵܹƾ赤ҩͳϣշɣ䣬û˵˭ϵġ˵һʼ껹ЩԥĻô⻰Խ˵Խǿ϶󣬼ֱһһٵģ֮䡣ĸо
ô֪һûǴһ˿Ц⣬Ȼ赭дķʡ
һ仰ʵĲᣬ⻰Ҫ˵ģֻһƲ̾䳰ȷȥǣ˵Ŀ˵òԥˣôˣƺѾγһäӵĳݣƺ˵ʲôǶԵģɡ
ιιͷѵгϣշˣ㲻ǸҿЦɡһԾ˵ߣɴ۾ʵ
Ҳ֪ûмʼ磬Ŀڣ·֮ǰĻͲ˵һ
ͷĵİɡҧгݵĵˣʱйƤһ㣬ոȵ˷ܾһӾͱ˻ιͷ㵹˵ʲô˼
㱳ֲұôʲôٴθԼһ裬ȻƷţĿڵ
˵ҶŪףô굹Ҳû˿Եĵ˵
㶼ֲҿ㻹ǱһһˣһǴһ˿Ц⣬ѵõȤ
ԣͻȻʲôһԴ˵ԣԣͷҼǵ˵֮ݲνĵرһԾ޵УȫǺ˵ô˵νһɵܳϣշ˵Ǻ˵˵ĸǼٵģֱӵܡ
˵⣬ʱԼץס˹ؼ˵ͷ˵;ҿҲһ׺˵ĵҿǲñ˰ɣԣÿ
ĬƬ̣˾Ŀ꣬ʵ㲻ССͣҳɣ
Уʲôͣʥˣ˵ĻҲδؾȫǶԵġںҡͷĻش˵⻰ͷ˵ģҪͣҲɵģҲǸĽŲˣ˭ͽء
һڼ˵ĵˮ©ȫʲôһͷθ˰ɵļƣͲûСˣһץǰĲ͸Լ뵽ץס©ٲñͷʹĵоһĪĻϲ
˵ģһǶԵô
ϣ˵ıȻô赭дһ仰ȴͬһͰˮͷ£ͰĵĻϲ˸ɸɾ
걾˼֮ˣ⻰һͷӦ˹һ˲䣬˶ԭأеĲ豭䶼ȫûв
ǰȻ˵ĻɣʥҲȫ֪ȫܣô˵ĻΪʲôһǶԵأ
˵ĻҲһԣô͵ĻһǴô֮˵Ķһǲڵô
ŵ˵һ仰ͳ׵߸ԭйеһ߼һ˲ȫ飬곹ûӦʧҡ
ô㶵վԭأ·ѾΧһС
ҲֻĬĬˮ裬·ѹû˵Ĵڡ
תһתۼ䣬ԭرվ˽һʱ䣬ֱ¹£ڿյĵ˵ϣҪ˵Щʲôȴƫƫһ仰˵
ǵҸ˵ôҪ㿴ģǵһľ꣬ڻǻˣƺֻһţ༰ĻǶ˵ȴֱͬͷȣ
һɲǼ䣬˹ľͷڸңԴô
Ȼǹ֮£㾲ֻڿлص
̧ͷǿգȴͻȻ·һеķ궼ѾʧˣĿ֮неֻ䣬·Ҫǿնһ㡣
ôһһϣֱ͸һĨأŻջĿ⡣
ǿղãͬ㣬ǣվ˽Щǳңͷ㣬κˣ˽ģҲֻһû˸˵ǶԵġǣ˵ҿģʺҵģ
⻰˵Σ˵ʷ·˲䷢ɱ䣬һɨ֮ǰԥ͸һڵķâָ񷣬񲻿ɵ
ȻˣǾͼɡȻԼ裬˹Ŀڡ
ͷ̽ôĿ䵽˵ϣȻ׾ˣЩֺαٿ
Ŷüͷ΢ЩĿ꣬ȷôҿδذɡ
꣬ΪǬһץǰĲ豭ʱɵУ¶һ˿Ц⣬ͷǷǶԴһģֲңܶǷף
⻰˵˲䣬ʱһ泩һ̣·ûκζܹס۾ûκɳ
ȻһЦҡҡͷҡڵɽ¶ȥͷˣҪȥú˯һʹˣҲܴɽˣһøзʲôģ̫ˣ


ľ ʮһ ꣬ΪǬ
꣬ΪǬ
Ŵӿ³һ仰һɲǼ䣬͸һƥеͬʵƲ񷣬κ谭Χһ̣·ҲƬ̵ͣ١
֮䣬Ȼ۾ģֱչ͸һ˿֮⣬ڵͷҪ׵ľôԭʱңվǲ
ڷɽʱ龰Ŀһ̾Ϣ̧ͷǿգΧҲ޷ں嫵ǿա
գڷɽϣΪԼѾ˵ľ磬ֱ˿̣»ףνĶܹƿżġ
ԼֻǶãȴҲ޷ﵽľ磬⣬ʵҲͬǼӰء
ûнҴЩΪҪԼģ
ֱ˿̣ңǿգһУҲ˵Ŀģвһꡣ
ԶСħЩȻĿŷ磬ȴڷϾʲô飬ֻƾܸоôһĹ򣬷ƺѾЩ̫һˡ
ĬãСħվ̲סڵ磬ʵڲУٰɣǰ̤ʥףպҲδؾûвȵĻᣬƾħ֮бԴڽ⿪ڶطӡʱҲܽбԴ֮ڡ
˵СħԼҲû̫İգȴҲֻοˣӰ죬Ҳܱıãӡʵ̫ǿˣʱ䳤ˣԷ־Ҳδؾһܼ
СħĻ΢΢ߴǿתǰҡͷأֻ΢Щʧѡ
ʧ񣿼Сħһ̣ҲһҪץĳ嶯ⶼʲôʱˣȻʧ񣿿ʲôЦ
ֻǣķȴûд˼̧ͷǰʵν֮ӡǣҲûôӣ˵ףֻǲһ˿ӡǶѡ
⻰ֻܹ·ǵúúóЦһɣ
֮ӡǣ˵ɣһֺεȿµľ磿Ҫ֪ʥ۷ǿߣҲͱĹ򣬺ŵ˵ÿһǿߣ̤۷Ĵڣ޵У
ܹ֮֮ô֮󣬻һֱţƾľӡǣǸ磬޷ʲô򣬸֮ӡˡ
СħǷǳ츳ˣǣ⻰ʱҲǲЩʧǲһֻĸоʲôЦķҲֻ׶ѵģȻԴѾɣʵѰʥ࿹ȴҲ޷Ȼֻ׵ʵʵȥ⣬ǾͼֱһСѧȥо΢һԸӡ
֪ӣԴĴֻСħ̲סҪˡ
ʵϣҲûиСħ˼ĻᣬĿ֮дżֵȻڣκεĹ򣬶һɲģû˿˵ʲôĹǶԵģʲôĹǴġǷǶԴһԣԶ򡣡
ָ̧𣬷Щ̾Ϣҡҡͷ֮ӡǣ˵ˣҲѡҾΪͣȴҲδؾͿ϶Ĺ򣬾ǶԵģ
ᣬȴƫƫ͸һ˿Ʈ֮⣬·𾲾Ļص֮䣬ÿһֶص֮ϣ֮۶֮
ȻСħҲ޷⣬⾿һʲô龰ƺѾȫһ֪
ϧˣĹ򣬼ܿҲδܹѣΪҡû΢΢̾Ϣ絥գ˵񣬾ҽɡ
͸һĨâһ̤룬ڡ
꣡
ĸ֣ȴ·з֮һɲǼ䣬֮۶֮·ҪһǣȴӲһδαѹƻֻܷĲ
Ϣ֮䣬췭ظ֮ͬҺ̬һ֮糱ˮԷΪľҵĲ
ΪǬ
ĸ£ȻһΧ֮ͬȻʧĹһ㣬£ڷϵ֮գ֮㻺Σֳ˷籾ĿûһɫУ·֮۵һ㣬֮䣬ܿ
ǲ֪ֻǻҪΪ֮һ㡣
¡¡
ҵ֮ԶԶĴһ˿֮У뷽統֮֮ʱ
һ֮䣬̤֮۵ķΧĳ˿Уħ֮΢΢񶯣ӳţ÷ƺһƮݳϢ·綼ƿ֮С
꣬ΪǬ
ڻ䷽仰Сħȴǲһܲ׷羿ģһ̣ɢȴ˸ֵˡ
ۣ
ϧ龰δάֶõʱ䣬ת֮䣬б㲻һھѪɫüΪҰףҲ֮𣬷ҲȻֻǸʥ׵ķ磬ûǷ޵еϢ
磬ôСħɫһ䣬˲ɵ˷ߣЩǵʵ
޷ȻԵüΪȻȴȻǴһĨεϲ֮⣬ǿн֮򣬱˶ѣ˵վ̫ǿˡ
֮ǰƿƾˣʵ̶ܴϻǽѣһ̣֮ǿбһɲǼ䣬ͬյ֮Խһ㡣ǣڷ˵ȴվ̫ǿˣþõģ֮Ѿ䣬֮е֮ӡҲźһ˿Ƿ֮Ѿ糹״Ĩɱˡ
ڣƾԴ֮۵Դվǿס֮ⷴܵһЩˣȴҲ
һжʱһѵҩһԵı˽ȥ
Щ֮ǰϹɱ֮ʱһս֮ǰƵĵҩЧã٣ͻƵʥ֮ǰЩҩЧ÷Ӧˡ
û˿ԥôĵĿħ֮Էתּ
Ӳ֮ӡǵķɣĶڷ˵Ѿû˿ΣˣֻҪ粻֮۵У˵ֱƽء
ʱţ֮˵ʣµЩӿɾ;Ǽ֮ˡ
֮ӡǣʼöΧҲһЩСУЩ벽ʥ˵һУ̾䣬ĻᶼûС
ЩħޣҲͬǱ䣬ԭӴȺʮһѾȫıԵ
֮У֮ڵ֮УҲȻʹţƵ;ƿݵľ磬·ʱܳ
һУȴҲȫȻ֪ģСħܲµһЩȴҲ˿δϡ


ľ ʮ Ѫɫۣ
ὣ󣡡
һȣԴڣ˸ͬʱĽְ˷գ֮۳һɫĽת˲֮Ӳп񱩵ԭҡҡ׹ķ߶ʱȶ
ܹ֮Ϊ֮һ̶ܴϣЩʹõĽʵҲֻǼ򻯰ģٽ֮УаǧͬʱʩչƼɾ춯أȻʥ۷ǿߣҲֻ飬΢ߵһ㣬Ϳܱնɱ
񽣸Щƾ轣󣬼ȫ۳һ壬ȻѰʥǿߣҲڶʱ֮ڻ
Ȼǵʥǿ߷Ŷԣֻ»ûǽý󣬾Ѿˣ
ˣŽĴڣҲѾý񱩵֧֮ˣ
Сģ˹ˡ˵֮䣬ͻȻнӸѵ
ԶһѪӰֺ̤֮Ӱ죬Ѿ˽ЩҲһ裬ЩȻԶģѪӰ
ףһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ͸һĨ֮⣬ɭȻȻǽˣ⽣Ҳе˼
ºˣһ˿ɵ֮ɫһӳʵ
˭ûʸ֪ݷ⻹ࡣ͸һ˿֮ɫ국ڵ
ſھݷ磬֮вδ˿ɵĲ˵ݿǣ;ԲѰܹӵеģЩһʱ䣬ҲΪ֮һᡣ
ºõĿǵеҽȥݷʦֽĪʦֽҲɣǰףĪǣֻҵǰװôüͷһǽӵͷ˻ȥԴϬȫûа־⣬̬ȣҲһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
е˼ˡ˫ֱ磬Ŀڵݷ磬ԺԻᵱ̣˵ĪԡĪǾϽô
˵֮䣬΢΢һһѶϽȻУŸոճ֣Ľ˻һûб
ϽѹҲˣѹΪµģҪ֪ϽĪеİôȴͻȻǰİУ
˵ĪĪѾڶԷôǶԷʵж£
ȻĪԻԶ޷ݷȣʵȴҲͬǵõ˹ϵģжϽ֣ӸûеĹĪԵİΣǣһеȴ˲Ȼ˶Է˵Ļ٣жϽȴеģֻҪǽӾûϲĵ
ôҡʼ磬ȻڵĪԵȷˣֵĿɲң磡
ܣУһ֪ôֶԸĪʦ֣
Ų㡣мķ˷ۣĻŶϽȻҲûȤǷϻ˭ԴģԹԸߣ֮УҪߡ
Դ
һ仰ȴЩӶЩԷôĵĳ֣ȻΪԴģ
ʶģ˵Ŀ㶼䵽Դϡ
ԴˣݷĵܵܣҲԸһ۸ּ˵㻹ǹԹԸ߰ɣ˺˫ֱ磬Ȼڵ
һ˲䣬ԴɫȴǲȻһ䣬ʶĺ˼ſڵ¾Ҫʲô
㣬ûʸ⡣͸һĨɭȻɱ⣬жϽһһɾ콣Ȼ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ȼݺ䵽˽ɵĽ֮ϡ
䣡
ײһɲǼΧ֮һɨգǶϽ֮ųĽ֮⣬ͬʱɱ¾ԴϢ֮䣬˶оһƵĿ־֮⣬˲䱻ᣬһ֮䣬ȻȻ飡
ɱɱˣѪɫۣ
һ£нӺȻϳ˶ԷݣڶԷ˵ĻȴǸ˼֡
Ҳе۹⡣ĵ˵ͷ굹ҲΣжϽһһɳ֮䣬㽫ԴѹĴһ˲Ϣ֮ͱѹһգȫû˿֮
Ȼǲɢ˽Ǿ͸ɣ
Цһ͸һʵʵɱ֮䣬ɱ¾֮Ȼɳ˲Ϣ֮䣬ȡ
ӣӣԭԷʵѾֲˣжϽ֣ѾԶǽܿˣһ˲䣬˵Ķ־ʣµ˷ͬʱɢ󻻵һ
͸һ˿âЦſɢӵ˵ǺˣˣȥҴݷ磬ϴɾӵȥȡ
µ˲䣬һ֮䣬ȻΪһѪӰ׷Դߵķȥת۱˵ߵС
ΪʲôҪðѪɫۣԶ˵ߣԴȴͻȻͣʵ
һ˲䣬΢΢һͣ漴¶һ˿Ц⣬㵹Ǵĺܡ
һ˦֣Դ׿һĨת֮ͱԭӣȻǷ硣
ǲ֪ȴףͬҲͨɱ¾Դ˵ʵӰɱֻαװѪɫۣŷ磬Դʵ
ô롣ÿɷҡҡͷȻڵֻҪסӦҵˡ
һ˿ȵĹâԴ漴ڵҴӦģȻǣӦҵأ
֮УԴԽĸо̤ʥ׵ļѣûͲڶʱ̤ʥףŬûá
ɱ¾ԴҵȻԸ㣬ȴڡ͸һ˿⣬絭ˣǵļƻھӵɱ¾Դǰ˻ô
ᵽԴʱ侲˲٣ô
ܼ򵥣𡭡ԴѾˡ¶һ˿Ц⣬˵һݳɸոһӵӣڻȥ֮ôԲѣǹһأˣҲҪԹҡ
Ŀ΢΢һͣԴȴҲ˷˼ĵ˵ͷƻʵƳǵʱѾ֪һ֣񣬲Ǿִжѡ
˵Żͳƿƿ޹޵ģ̶̼ӵʱ䣬ԴѾ֮ǰǸӵȻϢȫһǣͬΪӣҲܺģ£㲻ʲô⡣
ĵ˵ͷ漴ڵˣԼȥǰɣ鲻ҪκϣӦû֮ڹرա
죬ʱСħģ˿׼ȷԣ򳹵׹ر֮ǰƺԼкܶҪ
һȡĪԥһ£Դ̲ס˳
Ҹո˵ĲǼٻɲô򵥡һ˿⣬ȻڵȻҲܻͬɣܻܲ뿪ġ
£ȴĴԴһ֮䣬ɵʧԴߵС
ĬĬŷ뿪ıӰԴһԭЩ벻飬ȴǳֲöԷҪԼԭɱĴô˵ԼǸҲּɵɣҲֹˣ
һ̣ԴҲЩҡˣжݷּޣ뵽Ҫݷ綯ֵʱҲδ⻹Щη壡
ߣǶˣľлɱǸԳɵްܼݷô


ľ ʮ ôһںڹ
ѪɫȾ
Ѫɫۣ֪ʵǿᣬǣɱôΪʹһܻ뿪ҲȻйڣʱȻɱҲԱס㡣
ۿΧͬű¾ʣµļɫŬ۴ȫûģΨһĻҲܹԴѹԷ˼ˡ
ǾͰɱɾˡ͸һĨɫʣ赭дĿڵɱ֤ѵֻ֮Ҫ̤ʥףɱΣ
Ͻֻ֣Ҫ״߶ͷųֲĽٸ֮ɱ¾ԴÿһεĳֶϢûκܹĹϾ֮ǿĴҲѾ֮ǰˣûκϢأʣµ޷Ǿͨİ벽ʥ׶ѣֿѹѾЩǿˣҪ˵ֳֶϽķˡ
ۣҳʦִĻȻΪҵȱ㣡ۼɱʢû˿ֵ˼ЩȴҲһ˿ͷ˻𣬷йеķԹ
ƲƲ죬ҡͷҲȵŴֵķɱ֮»˵
ף˵֮䣬ɱֵ˲䣬ȴͻȻоԶв˷ɿ߸һҲֹͣеĹ˵ķ
Ȼ֮УϾΧԷķٶȵǼ죬ת۵ʱ䣬˵߷Χ֮ڡ
ýͣԷǴĹ֮ϢѾ˵ˡ
񹬵ˣüͷ΢΢𣬷ƺЩͣûʲô£ԶĹ
ܷ̬Ȼӣ䵽пɾȫһˣҪ֪Щʲôˣ綼˵ɱɱûйĴӶûᡣ񹬵ˣȻֻǳԻӳǶնɱеĲɾʹˡ
ۣɱ޹ûйϵ㲻ҥ˵ְˣо̫޳ܣŭŷ磬񹬵ӳʵ
ԣȴǱЦ˳һ޳ܣҿΪҵ治ɱˣ
µ˲䣬ϵɱȻǣѪɫɱ¾֮ͷŨѪ˲㻹δ֣ҲԽΧѹЩˡ
ƺʲôɱɭȻڵйԼ񹬵Ӷ֣˲֪ôҲ㲻Ҫĺй֮ȨȣŶϽҲϽҪһŵҲδر硣
Ͻ
֮ǰѾһЩţϽʱȻЩ񹬵Ҳһ
Ͻڽڹ֮Ȩȶ֮£ֻҪĪԻһҲʧϽ仰˵ѵĪѾˣҾѪɫУ
뵽ֿܣЩ񹬵ӱҲһ󷢺źǿģȴҲףʵĪδؾͱѪɫлɱĪԵʵҲδؾ֣ϽѾ䵽˶Էе¡
Ҳ¸ǣĪԱӣֻɱģϽӴӦҵı꣬Ϊرҳŵ֮в񹬵ӳ֡ĿЩ񹬵ӣżֲ͵ʵģҶѾˣǿԹˡ
ӣеĶϽ͸ɭȻɱȴѹûнЩ񹬵ӿ˼
⻰˵赭дȻ䵽˶УǼֱʯ쾪ӣϷΧɱĪԣ˶Ͻ飬һȥ𽣸ȫ濪ս鰡
ͷƤһ飬ȻµЩ񹬵ȴôҲ˵ģϵ̫󣬾ܹеġ
ۣЩһ֮ʣǲӻΪɸҵӴĳʣ
ʣ΢΢һ漴Ц׳գҲ֪ôִ

ǱôĳǻˣֻЩ񹬵ĵӷǵԷƴɣֻǣôȴǷֳֶۣϽžʵȫնɱȻٱҲֻˣһԷ˵ԷܹһЩȴԲԷĲɱ֡
ң㲻ҳϣʵϣⷬѾˡ
Ĺϵ˲֪ȴԼ֪һģϵ֮ǰ飬ԼƲ⣬
ҪǣϵĶϽ֤ݣ
ȻҲ֪ΪɱˣѪɫ۵ʵԶЩѰ벽ʥܹģǣҪ˵ʵܹնɱֳֶϽĪԣȴҲ޻̸֮
Ψ֮ȨѹƣϷַɱмֿܰ쵽
ȻԷ񹬵̬ȣȷʵԷйԼԴҪ֪ʵЩҲδؾͱĵǿ٣˼иûжٻֵĻᡣ
ۼЩ񹬵Ȼû뿪˼һЩ꣬͵Ļ˻֣ˣ󲻹ͬҲϣеڶΣȻΪУҲȻȫնɱ
µ˲䣬һ̤ͷɱ¾֮һλΪһѪŷת˲ʧǰ
ֱҲܲϢЩٺ˲صĳһֻǿ񹬵ӵȴǸ֮ɫ
˵񹬵ӵĳ֣ҲѾѪɫɱˣӦмŶԣǣշ֮ǰе˼ˣҲģǾǾԵ𰡣
ЩԸţʲѪɫ۵ıȴ˲òţ֮⣬ʲôأ
Ҫֱ֪Ϊֹ˷֮⣬Ҳûκһ˴ĻⱾѾ˵ܶˣİ㣬ѵ˵ʵǿᵽЩǿ߶һôҪ֪ûʥǿܹġ
ĬƬ̣񹬵ĵվǲòӲͷƤǰλԲʵȻҵȣΪţӹ񹬱Ȼλһࡣ
һ仰ͽ˵һйᵽݺ֮ϣ˵ҲӦԵõֻҪشȴʵ̫ˡ
ҲѾΨһİ취ˣϾûдĻ֮ǰû˿ȷʵεģ
Ҫǣ飬ҲȨˣǼ٣ҲֳֻܱĬֱ˴Ļ뿪֮󣬽ɵĳ϶ᡣ
ЦűȭЩ񹬵ӶʱٴԶȥ棬ҲѾǿˣ˸ոշһ棬ȴҲҵŶԷ˼ˣֻ¾͵ˡ
Ҫǣһ̣ѾЩڴ罫˶ɱˣЩȫˣǲ޶֤Դ˵ˡ


ľ ʮ ץķۣ
ķΪƽġ
ۣ֮Ӳ֮ӡǵķɣȻδΪһңȴҲ֮ͣ˲٣뿪ķȻ֪Ϊ֮ӡǵķ֮۵ȫ۵Ը֮ϣһ
ֲû۶ڿţʹĥ˱Ҳվûܴǵ֮ϾһΪǿߣȻȲ˷ݷôҲǳܴȵģֻҪһ߻ŤתǬ
ˣڲ䣬ᡣ
ŨѪɫۣ֮ĽȻҲ޷ȫڸǣǶ̶˲ϢʱһѪɫ۳һ貵Ѫɫ
䣡
һȻըУѪɫΪһ裬ɱ˲Ϣ֮㴫֮ڵ
磡еıһ֣ɱʢѲ˷ټֻҪȥƴ
ԴɱУ۱һֱģ۶ѵҲɵͦʵ֮һ·ǣɱҲͬΪ֮̾ǣһȴԷ˲䳹ױˡ
˭ܹǸҪԼ꣬Ȼ˷һ棬˰ÿһܹһǿߣʱ̤ʥףȻԷ۵ĽҲûȫİܹսʤκһˣǷ羹Ȼ͸Ҳɱ֣һ֮Уһ壬ɱ
ڱƵ˷֮ҲԸ֣ȴѡֽͬھķʽۣ֮
ѾݷѡȻɱ۶Ըӡ
Ψһ˵ǣȻֲ֮´ңһؿԼõƿֻҪһ֮٣˳̤ʥף
һۣ֮΢ƽһЩڻ̾һ
׿ֱӲķŭǷҲòϣʵ̫ˣǿ󵽣Ѿվʥ׵ıԵҲ˿С֮ġ̤ʥףҲûоԵİܹӮǸµĶ֡
ãô˵綼Ѿˣ
뵽⣬۵ֺô£ôֻҪˣǱʲôûˣǿţֻҪزˣǱԶֻʧߣձǵģֻдһδβ֮лǿߡ
Ȼ۳ϣѾԼһЩӰЩ֮Ƕô
ңۣ֮ȴ޷Ȼƾо۽Լ米ɫƷʱ֮ۻļʲ󣬵ȴҲûǸӸȥ֮۵ҵġ
Ҫ֪Ȼɱ֮֮Уֻ¶ҲҪģеĶҲֻ۲Ÿȥȡ˰ɣ
ҡҡͷ׿ЩνͷۿзһХһתΧȥط̫ӰǱ룬ֱһ̶ˡ
ǲҲܻųѹͲȤˣһ֮УȻΣգƾһԼĿվǳ˰
ʥף뵽۵бһȣҪ׼ĳһ㣬ٳʥ׵Ķˡ
Щʲôˣ۸оĵҲѾ˹رյıԵˣ಻һʱ䣬˾ͱҪ뿪ˡ
Ȼ̤ʥ֮⣬һһ۽ϢҲڵһʱ䱨ɱ֪ϾɱϹɱ˵ⶼһϢԽˡ
֮ǰڷвмҲǳףϹɱ˵۵壬Ҫˣۻʲô
㣬޾ǿգֻһפ˼磬ҲԺ
еϴķҲѾϰĻȫûаѹ˻ΪһѪӰ̶ʱʱصΧ
ԶԶģ۸ܵԶ˵Ϣԥһ±Щ˷˹ȥ
ǰ֮ǰԷ۵ӣҪֵ͵ݵģֻʵǣȴȫûЩˣЩͨӸ˿ȤչȥҲҪһЩӵѡ
ǣһĻȴǶʱ÷ɫ䣬˶ȫͷˡ
ҿӣѪɫǸӣ
ԶԶģǱ˿ѪӰ˲䣬˾һ˾Ȼֵ̾ıͷܣҾȻǷֳüλֱӴܣΨֱһ򾡵ļơ
ǷĿܣһȴҲ㱻Ѫ
Ҫ֪Դ̤һֱŵ͵˽Ŀʼ׷ɱ磬ûƹ˵ЩΧĵӸͲӦ֪ĴڲǸ˵ԶԶһתˣͲ
һ䣬ȴǶʱһּΪԤУ˲˿Σһ˲ٶᵽ˼£һ׷˹ȥΣܹ黹ҪʸǣôҲܰġ
۵ٶȣҪ׷һѰİ벽ʥ׼ֱײˣƬ̵Ĺɽһ
ħ㲻úۿԼùı׷ǵһݣȴֱӾȼݺŷ˹ȫһͬھļơ
ӣ
һ˲䣬жʱ㸡ֳһͷ֮ǰַľٶѾ˼ӡһɲǼ䣬һӳ
۵ʵǺεȿֲɱ¾Դһ˲Ϣֱ֮ӽ벽ʥ׵ĵնɱһĻᶼû¡
ֻһȥ۲ȻӦԼûüʰ仰أ
һգһһת㾶һ˵ķ׷ȥٶȣҪһ㲢ѣת֮䣬ٴһӡ
ֻǣͬһĻٴȫۿڵĻᣬӱͬȼڳһͬھļƣ
һΣȴѾ߳ŭˣһƾȥλǣûɱֲ֣ɱ¾Դ˲Ӳӻδüȫȼյѹ̲ƿڴ̵ģҸɱ֮Ƕ֮ޣһ͸ƴô
ӣ㲻ҪЩӣֻҲѾϰ˰ɣħҾҲŹģ˿ûд۵˼ǵЪ˹ͷһͨʵʵ̫ɱ¾Դѹ֮£ûзأֻ¶Ҫҧһˡ
˵ʲô˵ʲôбɱѾϰˣһ۶ʱ㱻һһʵ
ʲôЦ֮еģɶĵӣһɱϰˣҪҪ֣Ҳˮ©ٲֱӵ֤ݰ


ľ ʮ ɽرգ
ŷ΢ʧûܿƵǵƴһΪѪꡣ
ֻǣʱķѾȫû˼ȥ˼ЩˣոմǵӿеϢ˵ֱһֱ˿̶ûܳ׷Ӧ
Ϯɱ˸ɽĵӣ񼸺ѾΪ֮˵ĹУֻҪܹ뿪򣬿ϢͻͬϳһɿĴ죬ʱԼŻǹһ˺򣬼ȫҵ֮ˣɱҲ޷ˡ
ⱾѾ㹻ˣǣ֮󣬾Ȼõ˶Ͻ
һսڶϽҲͬһΪֱ۵ĸô˵󶼲ζϽʧģ仰˵ֻҪϢһȥ뿪ͬʱԼͻ⵽ϵǰĹ򣬲ֱӳֱϽȴҲȻҪ׷صġ
񹬣Ĵɢ繴ɱĪ˵Ϣ񹬻öԼ֮ǣ
ǣ֮䱾һЩһκ˶һЩ˻ҲһЩ²⣬ôһӡ֤ȴǳ׿°ɣѾɵܱĳģҲδ֪ЩڹҲ
ɲ˵ģЩشյһѾ粽ˡ
ΨһҵǣķҲѾʱ̤ʥˣֻû뿪ˣЩɳϿû˭Ǻ˵ġ۱κ˶ĪڣľŸ˿ǶѾ䵽ˣˣȻӣͷϣң񻹸û͡
Ȳ˵֮ǰľѾѪģûУֻ⻰˵ҲûţһȺնɱ˾Ÿǿߣ㵱۲ɣ
οҪҲǽͣһһԼԼ˶˵ĹȥĽ
һȣ
һ˲䣬ȻһͷȴǲûԼ
֮ǰֻ뵽ͷʹĺȴʱðԼˡ˵֪ĵĻôЩ⣬Ҳֻˣ߷磡
۲ҿ϶һûȴ֮뿪ǣʵ̫ԣҪðȴǲܵģңҲ񾭵ԼҲݺȥ
ôΨһĿܾǡ磡
뵽⣬ۻĺëըˣʲôЦǸۣ֮֮۵еļһôܻ
ĿֻܽҲѾ۷ˣˣķֲֻʲôز
Ǳ֮۲֮лų͵õĪĺôͻ׵ʱ̤ʥףôѵ簲Ȼ֮۵õĺôô
벽ʥ׵ʱ򣬷ƾһ֮͸ѹˣɱ˵أ
˶ˣѵ̤ʥףƾԼһ˾ܹӦ˲ɣͷһ𣬷۵ʹΥѪҲҪ綪Լѹ˼
񣬷ûôԼٺڣµһ˾ͻǷˣۿʵ˺ܶ࣬ôҲûȥٸ絥ˣ۽ȴѾ׵׷ˣ֮۶ܰѣֱһ۰
Цһ£һʱ䣬ҲѾЩòôˡ
Χ񱩵֮һ˾ϣ͸һ˿⣬зһХǿɱ¾ԴޱͷŶת֮䣬ȻܵһɻصϢҲ޷赲ǿϢ
٣
ȨڻǾ٣̤֮ʥףҲǰһε֮С
ûʮİգȴҲٵȥˣûʥ׵ʵȥɳƽȶԻʸûУ֮ʥ׵ʵ֤ٶԷҲ̫֡
ҪǣۺȻţôһ̤ʥҲͶһ˿ԱĵƣԷǿֲĵƣǰ㿸Ķû
Ҫ֪籾ǴŽ֮ɱ˼ģһ֪˭ܱ֤粻һγ֣
˵̤ʥףҲͬ÷֪Լţ֮ʵԼ֮ɱ¾֤֤ݣҲȫ˲ˡ
Щ˼˵ӣʵϲת۵飬Ƭ̵ʱ䣬۵ĽƱ˳۵˷۵ͷѹǷҲһϢֻеսȴԽķ
ʥףô˵ڴѾõľ磬ԼҪﵽˣڷ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
һ̣٣һɺ飡
Ȼļǵãɱ˵ɱ֤֮ʱ׷ս£˵ǾԵУҲǿѹ֮£һδļս֮£Ҳɱ¾Դɣڳɾ˽յƣ
ɱ¾ԴҪɣͼ֣Ĵη壬ǱԶɱ¾Դľ裬ٵ˫ѹ֮£ȴ˲ˣһɲǼ䣬ԭЩɬɱ䳹ڻͨȴøľϻʵ϶һ
ķҲѾûʱȥ˼Щˣת֮䣬һȻ
֮УȻǿ׽پȻҲ֮ܵӡǵѹƣ޷һֱ˷٣
һ˲䣬бһɾ⣬һץһѪɫĳȻΣУݺյķٷϮȥ
һɱ¾֮䣬޲ɱ֮ˣ޲ն֮һ٣ҳɵ֮·ҿ
һȣ˵Ȼ׳ɱ¾Դ֮У߶ɱ¾Դչֵ쾡£ȻôӲס˷٣н֮ɢƣ
ɱɱɱɱɱɱɱ
⾳Ȼɱ¾ɱ䣡

Ƿ۶ɽٵͬʱ֮˶׸ܵϢжϳݵˣиһɷԹʼɵĸ˼
٣ʣ̤ʥ׵٣ң֮оͶɽ٣Ȼ˵Էʮģ
ʥװƴƴĴ򣬲Ϊ˴Լͻƿ̤ʥô񣬺ԣȻɹˣ⣬ͳɹ˵Ѫʬѻģ˼һˣһԼ˵ɱ¾֤ӲѪܵķʽնʥ֮·˦˾롣
ȻЩ˵Ҳȫûкô٣ΪٵĽ٣Ȼǰرգ˲ٵĻ⵽۵׷ɱˡ
ǰ߰˸˸ǷǱߵĶȴǵɵˣʲô۲׷ɱôǣǱ߶ɽٵ˭
üͷ΢һ˲䣬Ҳ㷴Ӧ˹¶һ˿Ц⣬ȻĻôԽԽ˼ˡ
ֹţȴȫûаԥħ֮һ֮䣬Ӳ߰׷ɱնɱĸɸɾȻ۳ˣôⳡɱҲ͸ýˣô˵ǰЩ쳣ȴǾԲܷŹġ

ʥף͸һ˿֮ɫԴ֣͸һ˿֮⣬ȴվǲ֪ԼӦξ
Ȼǲ뷽֮ϵģʶΪǷۣô̤ʥ׵ķۣͬʱȻҲ˼ֳɹġ

ΣҲһɱ֮֮лģҲֻˣҼǻ̻̲գΨǸһķۣ
񣬾ܷ̤ʥףǾ˵ȴһϢǲʥף۶ܹģֻҪ뿪ϱһȻɴ֮ܵĳ裬ȻΪֻ
뵽⣬ЩȴȻ뵽ݷ磡
ԭݷĵλӣδһ֣ԴѾڶԷ˰
ЩӿޱݷڵģԴܵһЩί֪ˣҪһģԴ˷Уݷأ̵ܹסйˣ
ѾƵˣֻ뵽ݷ磬Щӱģ·ϸûʲôܹסݷһ㡣
ŵ˵ݷѾΪһͼһĴڣʲôΣգһϮǰ·𶼲ֻƵСäĿĳŷѾ뵽ǵѪҺӵС

¡¡
ٵƣҲ赲ˣ棬ɵĳҲͬʱֻϢڸ˸֪Ҳ޷жϣɽٵ˭ֻƾղ²⣬ڴԼһɵĵӡ
Ȼĵģǽ񹬣ȻΪһ֮Уǿǽеرʱ˸Եĵӣջ񣬱ȻҲΪ
½ϣ˵ͻƵˣӻͽأ۾񹬵ĳ³ЦеĶ½Ȼʵ
³Ϊأɫһ䣬½ͬķҿǳŴҵһΣ˭һε֮ջ󣿡
½ôģǽͽɣû˿ģ³ϴݿڵ
ѵ֮Ȩڳ³вɣ϶ͷ˼½ͬµļ׼һڽƣķ
ӵĿݷ磬һˣмڴȫûмĺһ³ȻڣһƲĪԵӡ
Ȼ⻰Ҳֻǳ棬ȥݷ磬ڵѾ˵ˣĻ˼½졣
Ըֻɫݷ֣ĪԱѾ㹻ˣǾ仰ǳˣǾǰָ¾ǣ³Ͽеһѣں³ϵĵ⣬½ҧһ䣬ֱӱ㽫һжˡ
˵ȻЩ½ǳ³ҲδĪӵİΣϾ֮ǲʥǿ߽ģһжϽ֮Ȩ֣˸޷˵Īӣ٣Ҫȫȫûκѹġ
ʵϣۣͬҲ֮г֣ڸԵĵӣЩҲǼΪŵģΨһĽֻ˭ռȻ̤ʥ׶ѡ
Ŀ죬ȥҲ죬ǰСʱʱ䣬յĽƱ㻺ɢȥڴͬʱҲڻٴδ򿪣ͬʱɿС
ˣʼرˣֱٴλܹ㹻Żٴο
ʱ򣬸ɵǿ߿Ҳ˿ԥͬʱ֣ŲСȥ
ÿر֮ʱ´οʱֻ֣ж´֮ʱҵĻǾֻץϹˡϾÿһολãɲһɲġ
ȻҲӣֻҪʥ׵ʵȡˣһҲ٣ʸȡٶõģû˸Ҷȡ
̶̲ӵʱ䣬㶼ȡ㹻ķݶȻˮֵģΪһЩеǿԼصǲδģ´ο֮ʱЩ˵ĺҲõʸ񣬶ЩȻҲҪЩ֮зˣҲǹ
һУžۼһ𣬵֮еĵӳֻǣƬ֮䣬˵ɫ㲻ȻˣһΣɵӳҪٵ̫ˣҸǱ
һ˲䣬ȫһƬȻͷԣɲǿЦʱõӽĥ£ʵȴԲ˵Ҫȥ
ôǣֻʣ໥Ŵ֮зɳͻڵĳɫʱͱˣأ
ĥѣ˵ǴӾһ߳ЩӼԼҳ϶ʱίĲ޳˵ʦǽģûг˵Ǳֺˣ
˶ۼһ⻰ȫûа֮󣬲һƬȻĿˢˢߡ
˵Уôֺˣüͷɿ³ϵǳϷԻ
ǲǣʶǾԲϵġ
ʱڵĳȴǸ˲Ϻˣ׷ʵϢɿôУ㳽ڣҲ䵽˵زɣ׷ʲô
ϢɱѪɫ۴ģҲ⵽׷ɱҲһһ˿⣬ǵӵߵϣҪΪѪɫһӣ˵Ҫɱ¾֤Ĵ¾ɵӣٹ٣̤ʥ׵ˣҲ
˵֮ǰɻһֵ̬ȣ⻰һɾ͵ɫˣٹ˲ʲôӣ׷
ô˵ĹɵĵҲ½֮гֻǲ״ɣڣ˵ĻЩӷֺ
ôһȴɲ˲ˣһʱ䣬ȫһƬȻЩûѪɫۣ
֣˵Ҳ̫İֻ˭Ҳ벻ɱ˾Ȼ˴ĵӣֱڳĴɵ̤ʥף˶ĳУ²Ҳһ
ԣôû
ϢסˣһʱûܷӦɲֻûĺĵӣҲͬû
뵽֮ǰڵ˵ֺĻĸҲ̲סˣһ˲䣬ɱ磬Ͱ˾Ūĳ׽
Ȼ񹬵ǿƣô˵ѣ³ɫҲһ࣬ǣֱ񹬵ĵӾȻҲûг


ľ ʮ 鷳ˣ
ԣŸո̤ʥף֮ǰȻǿôܰǱƵֵزѵû˸һô
һ̤½ץסģȻӻĪԣЩ˻ѣһΧҲֻбͷӴܵķݣͬʱ벽ʥףңǸ֮бȽϾĵӣԲ˺öԸ˵һлһ㣬Ҳֻݷˡ
Ȼûмۣ½ҲţɱԱݷʵ
ǶϽ
½ɣ˻ش˳дһݷߺޣǽĶϽ䵽Сǲ㻹ֵĻᶼûС
Ͻ
򵥵֣½ĳɾʵ̫ˣһ˲䣬½ԼǲˣϽһֱĪеİôͻȻڷϣԴɱɵӣûܹĵ˵֮ǰ½ˡ
ܣϽҽĪȻҲҲ֪ϧڣ½һӦЩ˱ƭˣǸͲʲôϽֻƣԴƭˣȻЩҴӵĻȴǳ׽½ϣ顣
ӣϷ۽ĪԷɱˣЩҴĵӣҲǸľصԼɳߣ˵޹˼ɣɴĽҴڣ˲ˣȻˡ
ӣһ˲䣬½ȻһĨɭȻɱ񹬳³ϵķ
ãããһ˵֣½漴Цҵ³ôĸҶԶģԭѾƺô
ڽ˵ĵݷ磬ˣĪֵʧˣҲǾԵĴ£ֶλɱֱ
½˵һѪĪϣȻ֪ݷǰܳԽݷλãǣȴҲԼ̳һѧˣ˵ǵ˰ӿϢͻڣֱ޷еɱˡ
΢֮䣬彣֣½бһĨֲս⣬ɭȻָ³ϵСͽܣ޷һսˣ磬½ĳһ³³ϸаɡ
⻰˵ɱȻԲд裬ǲˣ
һ̤ǳ³Ҳһ󷢺һսʵҲδؾ½֮£ֻƣʵɾҪˡ
ϣ˵֣ɱǣʦδأֻҲǵĶְ
Ȼû½֣ڵĵӱٴοڣȻìͷָ񹬡
⻹꣬ͬʱĵҲͬڣìͷָͬ񹬣ת֮䣬񹬱Ϊǧָ
λⶼֻǷ۵һ֮ʣһɱ¾ħͷ˵ĻҲôҿǵӳҽ֮䲻١ͷƤһ飬³ȴҲֻӲͷƤվҲͬѾ˸飬ҲǶ֪һЩģֻһֱӶĸɴ䣬ûʲôβһֱδʡ
˼ܰĹϵҳʵѾ˼ֻ֣ǰھƣôҲܳϣ
ŭô£˽Ծ˴
ޣǷ۶˶նɱȴƫƫ񹬵飬ҵѵм٣ŭһǵӵ˳߷ߵĽ֮½һ飬˵ǰѡۣյĻظһ飬λҵȲǷǣ֮£񹬵ӳ֣ҵȱȻѾۻɱˣֻǣСȴ޷ʦضȣԵӲ

˵֮ǰЩĻϸһ˵˴룬ϾҶжǷֱж
³пЦȴûȽͣ񹬵ĵһ˳
֮⣬һ٣ûаǱ֮ɫûܹʲôɵȣ֮
һ棬˵Ѿ㹻ˣ
һ˲䣬˶ڵӵĻѾˣĽԲ˭ܱġ
ɣҲվȲʵ񹬵Ӹĳ֣ѵõ֤ô˭ҳأ
һ˳³ף֮£޷ˣתȴǳֿĿڵλ֮£ӳɵʣλԣұظһĽ
һ˵նȻ³ȴѾ׼ֻҪһ֮Ȩûأ̴߶֮Ȩǿпһ·˴
ֻҪӴϣ¾ܳƤʵڲƴ⳥һЩʧҲԲӳ⡣
³ϣ㵹Ǵĺ̹֮ȨϣֻҪûأЩ˭ס㣿½ȴһ۾Ϳ˶Է˼俪ڣֱӵơ
жϽ֣Ȼ¶Է滨Ͻпʧһó³õ֮ȨȣҲ޲ˣ
ƣԴ񹬳ϵλϣ³ϾʹûȻӲѹĴĸоʵ̫ˣǣƫƫãֻܲЦ͡
Ͼǣʵ̫ˣȻǿᣬҲվյϹɱ򣬸ûĸ̫ǿӲŪĿܾӳƽϢŭѡ
ԣѾҪ׹رˣôҲû
ۿѾ³ͬһ㣬˷ֲԣ˳Ŵ֮г˻ˣлһһЩСߡ
ǽˣ
һ̣㿴ĸĵҲͬǱӳйȻûĪԵӰңԴҲˡ
һ½˲ǰʵĪأԴȥˣ
½ϣĪԣĪʦֻѾַۺˡǼĪʦֵĶϽ
⻰һѾǳʵĪԵѶ˵˻ܿϽĻЩȴζϴģһ̣½Ѫ嵽ȥ춼ûӦ
Դأһ̣һҲʵ
ԴһϲͬʱҲѾ˲²⣬ֻݻϲȴ˿ұ¶ġ
ԴԴҲѾɱˡЦһһӵͷڵȻ⻰һ˵Գ³ϵĶҲһ
ΧӦԴݵˣҲͬһƬȻ¿ԽԽ˰
ԴôƲϣҲͬ˿ԽѵȴԲɱ򣬱Ȼ
ݷɴͲһˣ۰ĵܱܵɱѪݷ罫춼췭ظˡ
ǻйءݷӣ¾Ͳֻɱһܽˡ
䣡
˻Щ㶵ʱһѪӰȻըһӣӲ˳ɱ¾Դǿգ
Ҳڶɹ٣֮дˡ


ľ ʮ ˣˣ
Ѫɫۣ
һ֮ǰֻ̫ǶЩɵĵ˵Ҳδ̫ϣôһѪȵɱֶ֮ЩҴ˵ȫһ֮ȥجΣѾվԼҳϵߣȻַ۳ֵ˲䣬Ҳǲȫûеͷܡ
ķӦøɵĳɫ࣬Ҫôɱ¾ܽЩƽĸĵǴֵزɣ
Ѫɫۣ٣ôʦɱҲ޼ɣ
һɲǼ䣬ǿƵĳϱʱΧЦ˳
С֮оʲôΪҥӣȴǰ³һſھͰ鶨Եҥ֮ϣ֪Ϸܵ˵ȴҲòΪ
һЦƣѾ˸ֻǱȴȻһӣĳ̤ͬʥףλƽ۽С⻰ջذɡ
ǲܽģҲѹûдĽͣһǿӲ̬Ȼ񹬳Ҳ벽ˣ֪ȥҲĲΪˡ
Ȼ⻰Ҳȫ˵Ǵ
ʵΪⱾǹأ˵ϵ֮⣬ʵλ̤ʥ֮Է۵ʵҲȷЩɳƽ۽ˣȻҪһ㣬ۻкܳ·Ҫߣ٣֮սʱⲻ˵ģ˭Ҳᵱġ
ڣʣһսǰˡ
ɫһڣ³ϵ붯ֻ֣ȴбⲻòʣŲòӺڣ
ģ˷ֲۣҶӣģʲô
ۣ⻰һʱв̲סЦ˳ҲΣ˵Ҳʵ̫˰ɣǸ˺ú˵ӣǳĴ
ֻǣЩȴ֪ķҲǴѪ̰ͬİ
ӣ˲֪ѵ֪ôģһѾ÷ֱӴˣ񶼱ҵ
ǣ⻰ƫƫû˵ȲȷѪģ֮ǰĵ鲻͸©ȥѶĿºҲͲҿڰ
δͣ񹬵ĳϻܴмǣǣһ֪ˣǸԾǲݰͣͣҲŰ
³Ϸζ챻ըˣλ̵סһȭǿҵĹ֮ԴȻգڵλý
ʥǿߵĺŭ֣ȫʩΪ֮£Ƿṳ̂ʥףֻҲ˲䱻
һ̤ʥףڱԴĿ֮ǰ񣬳³Ҳż˼ָݣȴǴһо·ʥ׵ļһ˼
³ϣĪ㵱Ϊұ۲ɣɫһҲ˿ıһ֮䣬ѪɫɱȻ֣ݺߵĹĻնȥ
ɱ¾Դ
֮ǰն̤ͬʥ֮Ǿһģɱȫʩչǹɱ¾Դ޼᲻ݣ֮䣬̴˹ĻӲƿ˽˳
һ£ΧҲ֮ɫ䣬ȻεòصȴҲò񹬵ʵ³ϱ̤ʥ׶ǿߣڳ˵УֻҲֻ½˵ƥУվҪ΢һߵġ
ոһǻڳκһˣҲԳδܱȷĸˣ
̬ڷ۷ߺޣȴҲòϣʵ̫̬˵㣬Ǹո̤ʥףڱǵδܳĽӦʥ׵ǳ³ҲδǶ˰ɣ
һ֮ǰ˵Ҫƽ۽ĻӦķ۵ȷѾʸˡ
ۣĪǷϽڣ⿴³ϳԱ񣬵½ȴҲٿϷȥˡһǿĽӿңң˷۵塣
ܽδ֣ǷȴѾܹоǿֲɱ뺮ˣˣѣֱǾ춯صĽ⣬Ҳûаܿס½һ
ĪԷɱϽСüͷһۺԥĿڣͬʱɨһۼ׹رյȴҲ˿ͣһ˱ȻԶȥѪɫɱңͷ˼ûС
ߣȷĪԵѶ½ŭ̷ܹͷߣн΢΢һһֲɫâ͸޴Ľâᴩأ·Ҫǿնһնһ㡣
һ֣ʱ½ǿʵչֲ࣬һڳܹˣֻ²ָ֮
Σ֮£ĸ˿ԥȻҧƣһھѪɱһ壬ٶȼʮ˲仯ΪһģѪӰűȥ
ѪӰݣ
͸һĨŭ֮ɫȻ½ǳ³ȴҲ֪Ҫ׷ϷۼѾˡ
գϹɱ֮ʱѪӰݾͼΪ˵ϹɱľѧȻҲͬǳ߰һ˲ȼյıһľѪȻǶʥǿ˵ʧҲ֮ûһδָܹĹ
ȻѪӰҲͬзΧģǵҪ׷½³ϵʵҲδؾûһ˿ϣ׷ϣǣ³ȴ˭Ҳȥ׷Ͼ߻иҪ鴦
۵ĳ֣Ȼû͸©̫ϢȴҲ֤ĪԵȷˣһ㣬Ѿ˰
˵ɱĪԵ˭⻹Ҫô
Ƿһ͵Ϯ֮л˭ɱֳֶϽĪԣ
죬һ˵أŭ֮£½ͽìͷת˳³ϣɭȻڵ񱩵ĽۣΧĿռ䶼һ˿˺ѡ
رˣȻرˣ߻ûܳ³ϻش𣬱ͻȻ˾˳һ仰ȴ˲ɫҰס
򳹵׹رˣ
ôܣһ˲䣬³ϵҲһ˿֮ɫ
ӿǻûгӵ۷ɱˣҲԼûгɣ
ԣӦôرյģ׷ʲôڳξرյǿߣ̲ס˳
ϰߣٻҪаСʱҵʱŻ᳹ʧǣȴֱӾͳǿ֮УֻʣһɫĹâɢ
ʣȻǰ׹رˣ
ҲͰˣǣһΣЩǿĵӣڣȻûһӳһ¿ǳ˰
ʮ꿪һΣһرգ滹ˣɣȻܴﵽ־һˣǣȻЩǲģ
ˣˣ
Ҳ֪˭ʧĺ仰һ˲䣬ȫһţһ̶ɵˡ
¼ִĹؼ磬˾Ȼûһ˻ųЩʸĵҲûһҪ֪ǿʮ˰
仰˵֪ķʲôˣҲͽֻһոߵķˡ
Ľô


ľ ʮ ֣
ֳֳһɫʧǿ֮УҲɵˣԭѾ˼ͬھҲҪ³նɱĴˣû˶Ͻ½ʵһҲϵİܹ쵽
ȴȫô˰Ҳ֮ͬУⱾΪһеսˣ˵ĪԵǲνдȶ㵱ˣӵҲΪһˡϾģҪ۵λӶ˵ҲԶĪԶԽص㡣
˵Ͻʧ䣬֮ȨȲҲͬʧ֮ô
ɣ˼Ҳһһ֮ʧʵ̫ˣһӼ˴ΨһֵҵǣһƺûӮңĪڣЩɫĵӶУһʧһҲǲеˡ
ҵѪɫۣϧһдۣҲҵʸ
ͷ֮𣬳³̲סԭĵûˣȻĽ֣ȴ޷ܣӿڶļ̳ˣΨһļ̳ˣһ˵һСĴ֮УǾвжΣϢһ񹬣εȵıŭ
⻰ˣû˿ԥ൱ĬȺ󷢳Ϣһʧ׷ɱۡ
ִֻ֮ľһõЩ˵ĳϣ׷ɱ㼸Ǳ鲼죬Ҫ֪ǿѾۼˡ
ʵϣǣĸϵʵ̫ЩҲͲܴһµĿġ
׷ѪӰάֲ˶ãǴһ׷δرܵĵ͸һɱ³˵һ䣬󱬳һĻŷڵķλ׷ȥ
ҲҪ׷ȥҿϽ͹֮Ȩȣ˵ǸСصĵ˵ͷնĿڵһ˿âֻȴƺûκע⵽һ쳣
˵Ķԣô˵Īʦֲ̧ܰͷһΣһ漴ڸ͵
ԴѶݷʦǣȻǳӵģݷʦֻûأǷնɱҲǸݷʦһԱߵҲ漴͵
ƾĶۣ˿ǵ鵽̫
Ȼڽ˵һ֮Ǿ޴ʧǶЩл˵ȴǴĺ¡
Ȳ˵֮еõ˴Ѿǵʵ࣬ľصűȻᱻλˮǴ֮£ôȻٲ˵ġ
Ŀһۣ½ȴҲδ˵ʲôһ˦ӵȸ׷ȥ
һ¡
½뿪֮ʱȴʱһϣ̧ͷȥһĿ껯Ϊһת˲˹

üͷһ½͸ɻ֮ɫȴҲվͣ׷ȻҲֻǰ벽ʥ׵ʵȴѾԴȻǵõһĺôʱ̤ʥҲʲôңɼ顣
ֻǣ½ȴǸʶģôԷ׷Ϊʲô
С½ϣϡ΢΢Ƿϴһ˿Ц½
ǺˣЩ͵ü½ʵ
˵㵱Цʦδ̤ʥ֮ǰ͸©˼ҵݣ½ϼ¡
˵֮ǰָһ񣬰һļƣ½Ҳ˵ʲôֻȴɻǲ׶ԷҪʲôڣҲûмѵ˼㽫ˡ
δл֮СӽҴлϡһת굱תΣȻȻ⻰䵽εĶУɱͬһˣˣһҲû
˲֪װףǽǸӰɱ֡
ңһ֮УԷҲȷԼԴնɱˣܹ˵һȴȷӰɱɰǰһ룬λѪɫǲǾӰɱ֣һתۣ˼Ҿֱӳˡ
γϵĳǸһҲŻָǣ΢΢ףʦĽ飬˵ЩɾЩˡ
ôһ˵ȴҲʵݣԭǸģһνȴֻоˣһȷǱȥ͸ˡ
üͷȻһ½˼Ĵһ꣬ȴҲվû˵ֻǾŶԷ˵ȥ
񲻿ɷϡȻһЦ漴ڵϣʦм仰Ҵ֪ɷһ˵
Ȼˣ
һݣΰԿЦһ£ֻڣȴҲ˿ı¶ԥһ£ת½½ϣҹΨһӣ̸һ̸ߣһ׷Ǿǡ
ȻϹ˵ĵӣȻ޷¶һ˿׽Ц⣬½һ䣬û˿ԥת㾶ԴŽǰȥ
ֱ뿪εɫųôʱ֣
йҪ˵β£ǲǼٵģϾϵ̫֪׻ɱԴȻΪϣҲƱػ⵽طοݷǸƵļһϢһֻһˡ
⻯꣬ȻǷ磬ķûаηε˼ĿڵֻϣҴӦѾˣӦҵģƺҲʱˡ

ǷðεԭȻ˷ʱ䣬򣬵ȵλصҲûеϽȥҪ
һһ˲䣬ȴǲһɱģϾй¶ʵ̫󣬶ңǣɱԴ飬ֻɱΨһ֪ˣܷŵ
ԭļƻҲǴ壬һЩͬһֻɱģǣ񷽴ͻȻĳ֣ȴǳ״ļƻ
͸һĨɭȻɱѵ˲ɣϣȥûãɲҪô׶ˡ
ввȻȴòϣв൱Ч
뵽ԷǿֲƲԼİɱֶΣҲһͷƤ飬Ȼ֪Է򾿾õ˶ٺôԣͨɱ¾Դһ涯ûбʤİպο⻹õģ½쳣ϾôҲ޷⣬ô֮ͽɱ
˼תȴվЭˡ
¿ЦˣĳţȴҲվʥףʳԶʵ顣
ҡҡͷڻǴӻͳһŹӵĵЩ۵ĵݸ˷硣
ȥ¼֮󣬻˰ɡ
΢΢ͷ΢һµȷû쳣֮΢ЦϷģֻǵһκţһΣǵĺ졣
𵤷ȴҲڷϻһתһȥûаͣ˼


ľ ʮ ĩ·
ޣ
ݺݵһ̵ŷԶȥıӰ˵
һΣһεĺһʥǿߣȴôһֻа벽ʥ׵ĻƿСв˵ֱһĪĳ裬Ĵ˼ɣӣܱв
ԴӰɱð֮ԽĲ˳αһķ޲ýǧвźá
ҲѾһˣԴˣΪѪɫ۵ĳ֣ҲǰԼժˣЩѹϵ鷳գһԵĶˣĸоκɡ˵֮Уýʧشȴѹûзϡ
ĪԷҲĵӣ˾£ڶϽǸ˵ˣʵǵһҲлնϽġ
ĵԶܹģ۸򣬸ûʲôˣʲôܸĴһ㣬˭
תͷת֮䣬αٴ׷½ˣϾû˶Ͻ½ЩҲߵ̫졣
ֻǣողŽӽ飬ͫױȻһûŵı
㣬û
Դվ½˵˲䣬εıʱ˹ȵףǻһ˿侲Ҫתˡ
ôϺϣô¶һ˿ڽԴڣ֮ɭȻɱ
˵˵һƬңȻϾΪʥǿߣαȻûа쳣ĺǳҪΪһø޼ɵ
Ȼǲҵģ˲˵٣ϲҪҵô˿⣬Դ俪ڵ
˵ʲôȻ̤һʥ׵ϢȻݺԴѹȥʥ׵ʵȫѹƣԴ˵κλˣΪϣֻҪ㲻ðɻ˿⣿
ϣƢδҲ̫Щɣһһ½Դ󣬽ͷŶѹһա
ֻһ򵥵ĶȴҲȻףԼд鷳ˣ½ݣûͲֹԼѵԴ
½ϣǺ⣿ŭĿӣγڵΪϣѵѵһӣҲҪ
⻰ûдģݷĪܳĺĵӣˣγϵݣѵֻҪǣԴȻݷйϵȴҲ⡣
ƽգȻܣǻʲôԵ˼ɾͲòˡ۾΢΢еһ½漴Цѵ棬Դôֵô
˵⣬һϸһЩΧˣԭĸӣֻʣ
Ȼûӣȴվɵӡ
ĹرĿõģԴȻٴ֮гôΨһܾǣ֮ǰԴαװһӵӣƭˡ
һˣεˣ罣Ŀ䵽Դϣ֮㾿ǴӺѧ
ô£ռֻܽƣǱסԼ
ҿɲᣬֻǽұ˾¶ѡɹȻһЦԴϼȻܹӰɱɱңȻҲͨӰɱֻһ
Ȼһε㷴Ӧ˹ѷ˸һ֪ϢոǸƴɡ
ֻǣȴҲֻǵˡ
ǺεݣṴʲôɱɱ㣿ֱһɺԡ
ȻǺԣôϽһ鵤óһΣ·ϵһУԴɭȻΣһѪҪλá
ʲô鵤ôе֪ܲԴ֪ģ⻰ȴܳϵģһмɫĺǳ
½ϡϣԴȴǸٲΣת½һȺӣѾһ½Ϊ
̾Ϣһ½ЩϧĿΣΣԷΪؽԼɡ
ȻֻǼ򵥵һ仰ȴѾεˡ
һ˲䣬εжʱ¶һ˿֮ɫĺ˳½㾹ȻĻ˭֪һֻ῿ݷķ㾹Ȼһң

ٴۣԴɱŨ֪εĶ֣ԳɱεĶˡ
Ȼһ֮ʣһ²һ֮ǰԴѾͨӰɱֵˣһУֻ֤ʵһжѡƽĿΣ½˵
Ҳͬ𾪲ѣֻδӽߵʱѾ֪ˣֻһֱδƣֱ˿̣ڳһС
⣬εɫʱòҰףһжġ
Ҳ뺦ǲǣȻ֪ˣոΪʲôֹңҪӰɱ֣Ъ˹ͬһ㡣
һ벽ʥףҲͷˣѵҪɱܵĵһ˿֮ɫ½û뵽㾹ȻĻ޳֮¡
⻰û˿α½Ӱɱֲһ벽ʥ׶ѣȻҲЩʵҲֵԳ֣ңԴԷнǰ˼ҲڳһԸ｣ļƣûеԴ֡
ҪǣȷνԷ½Ҳ÷
Դ֮ĳͻ֪Ҳ˵ӣ˲룬Լָʤ
ڣʣΣԷʱ𣬾ѾעĽ֡
ת֮䣬ҲͬһУһ˲ңֻԹĶԴ޲ý̻֮
ΣһǾ仰ԷΪɣҲΪҽͶ꣬Ӧûһ½˫ָڱ󣬳˵ûа
ĪԵ½ıߣܲңǡþײǨŭĳͲ
ޣԷΪΣһ˿֮ɫȻнһɿֲĽԴն˹ȥ
½ʵηǳûһ˿Ļᣬ£ȴҲεԣҲҪԴһᣬһйײԴô
ȶԼº֣ݷ壬Դɱģ
Դǵ֮ǣ
ۣ
һ˿⣬½˵㶯˲Ϣ֮䣬һѤɫâһţȫ£һ㼸׶Ͼε
ֻǣȴҲ͹˲Щˣ֮ʱѾ˱飬ȫһͬھĴ򷨡
½ȻɱȴҲһֻҪâ£ԴʵҲȻһ
Ȼڽâ䵽Դϵ˲䣬һɴĽȻţ˫ݿ㽫ξɱһӲԴ
̤Ž
˲䣬λϳ⽣̤ŽʣȻݷӡԴڵıơ
͸һ˿֮ɫſҪ˵ЩʲôȴվһûܷŭĿš


ľ ʮ ǣ
첻ķǿ֮УüͷȴԽԽ
ǵλԴʵϣǶڷ˵ҪԴֻҪǴңεͼѾ˱Ȼٶٰģοβ񷽴ʵҲȻ塣
÷յģǡǡǸոֵĵ
ڷԭĸ֮УֻҪõƾԼڵ⣬ܹգֻҪ㹻ĲϾƵҩ
Ȼõ˵Ȼ֣Լ뷨ƺЩ̫ˣ˵ɵĿЦ
νĵԶǷô򵥣ŵ˵ͬһŲֵͶľȥУȻţҲƾ츳ա
ڷһѧϰҽ֮ǰ˼ڵһ㵤ֻ֮ƤëСһ̤ʥףҪЩ鵤Ż֣֮ᷢǰЩֻһЦѡ
Цһ£ڻǷԼеĴ㡣
ԼĶλǳΪһ̿ͣѧϰκһֶΪݣ˵ԼӦԲнȥһר
룬𵤷Цһ£΢һ·λǰȥ
ֱ˿̣ףΪʲôֱô࣬½֪λѵԼҲδΪһݵʵ㲻̫Ľǵʦѡ
ȻԷӣȻҲ׷ȻԼ޷ƣôֻȥѰҵʦˣѧϰ취ӵʦлȡʵĵҩû⡣

ȣ
һҵĿԣһ˿Ѫ˵ľƺѾԵüΪƣֻȴͣ
ΪɱˣȻɱ֣һɱֵ֪ȴ֮ģԶκ˶ѾɵӲܴ֮гЩҲͬܳ
˵֮ǰΪĴ룬ټ϶ӵĻɣ˱˴˹˼ɣ׷ĻôĹرգֺ˾ͻᵴȻ޴棬ԤƣΪһΨһҴߣԼʲôĴ
ʵѾ̤ʥף¸ĻᶼС
ʵѷɫǿߣǣЩ֪˶õϼһδһЩ
ʱ۵ڣԺ޼ɣǣ۱޾ǿգģҲֻԱѣο֮䣬Ҳһ顣
һɱ˵ݣԱסԤһɴ׷ɱҪԵǺεȲпĻ
ЩԭӦǸܵġ
뵽⣬۱̲סһЦģԼȻķǸѪģ򣬱۽ϢҲܸԼתһЩѹǡ
ͼһۣԥһ£ڻͼżΣյĺɫλõķȥ
أʵȥҲͬΣ֣ǣȴѾɲѡˣΪֻоأܴһ

ǣ
ʵеıֻǣ԰ǰʦҩ̤ʾ󣬳еֱ㱻ĳ˵ǡ
죬һʦĴڣȻǸҲֻ£ҳǿвȣΪ޷󣬵жǿǷʦ飬޷ȷԷ᲻תͶС
Ȼܹﵽ̶ֳȵĵʦϡ֮ģ֪ĵʦҲֻ˶ѣңл޶˵ײβҵټ
£ǵĶʢȫԤˡ
Ϊֻڵǣ򵽺ʵϡ鵤пܼλ߸ϵĵʦ
ŵ㣬˵ҩʦƺ뿪ȥˣһ򲻵鵤ɾͲ֪ҪȶòŻ鵤ˡ
۾ǳӣ겻͵ļӿ˽Ų
үİɣҩʦϰߣÿһԶ֮ǰͻ²ϡ鵤ۣǿõϢģ׼Դ㣬Ϊү鵤ˡЦǺǵӦһ䣬߹ܼĳ˵
Ƕٰ鵤ϡ⣬˭ҪȻЩģһߴҩȥһֹ
˵֮䣬Ȼϵҩǰһɨ֪ҩ֮Ѿȥ˲ˣֻȴûиȺߣǽקסſڵĽӴ¥鵤ʼô
һھᵽ¥ǽӴݲæشӷģаСʱʽʼۡ
⻰һ˦һ鼫ƷԴǽӴǴͣҾ˵үûô··
ƷԴӴǼΪĵģֻǣ⻰ȴ
ģ֪˵ǳվ˳ִһռǧƷԴʸ˰ɣ
ɨһۿռȷ֮ǽӴЦſڵǸɲҪΪѹӣֻǹˡ
ǾŰɡͷĻַԸһ䣬ųҩ֮ȥҩĹأѰĻ޷ˣֻܴ˽롣
һ¡
ǽӴ׼ȥ֮ʱȴͻȻֱסˡ
عͷȴһµĿ󲽶һҲ֪ʲôʣȴһӺ֮Уʶı˲С
λӣ֪ʲôЧ͵ģ
˰֣΢Цͬӳһ鼫ƷԴſڵҳǣ֪ҩĹأ֪ܷͷҽһ£
͸ƨضʲô֡ǽӴش֮ǰ㷭Ű˳
үۼ껹мƣԵĳæǰקס꣬ڵү⣬Ҫ£Է²򵥡
Ѱ˿ⳤȴǰ벽ʥ۷壬ֻһ̤ʥˣƾо֪Էһ£ͲʲôĲʣ֮۶ɡ
֮·ҲˣǣϵȴǼ¶˿ʽװζΩΩФһɾͲѰİ벽ʥܹ쵽ˣԳ֣ԼҲ޷Ի֮Դ۳һƵ·
⸺ӴģʵǺǿȴԼãһ۾ܿĲش
ӳǣ֪ܲҩǵʦҩ죬һеҩҩʦƣѰˣһ¥¥򵽵ҩҪһЩϡ鵤Ǿ͵õ¥ȥˡһ£ǽӴ˵ҩĹأǧƷԴŵʸ̤¥óļƷԴ
΢һ£漴Ȼ˵¥ĵҩΪˣ
ӵ˼ЦŹάһ䣬ǽӴ漴͵¥ʱŵģеҩҩʦƣ֮Ϊ˱˶ңų²ߡ
Щ˼΢΢ͷóռݹȥ㿴ɹô


ľ ʮһ 鵤
⽣ϵļƷԴнĵ˲ټƷԴʣµҲԲ٣ҩ¥Ǿ㹻˵ġ
ʵϣҪҵķ񣬼һЩʥǿҲδؾͱȷ֮࣬Уڷе˿ɾԲЩռʧˣǶȴǱЩѾһʼΪӴĲƸˡԼһ£񷽴ҲŽļƷԴ
⻹Щ߰ĶĲ˵ǶϽǹ֮ȨóɶǼֵǵĶ
Ȼ㵨緽磬ҲǲóϽ֮ȨҡģҪ˵ȥˣ⽣иգȴǾû˸ġһóʣһʱ͵ñ뽣
ιģʲôȻˬ˳ѣҲٸ緭ֻԴƳ򷽴ʵ
硣Ǵһ˿Ц⣬Ȼش
ֻһƺҲûж֪۽Ѿ̤죬㲻ʲô֪һϵҲ˿οֻͬҲƾһ֣û뵽̫Ķ
һл鵤Ļ㲻ҪôڷʲôʵȫûʲôȤһȦҪ˵Ļ
Ŷ΢΢һϣȴǲ¶ɫô˵
ҿҲ֮Դӣ鵤ûʲôãֻҪ鵤Ҿͽѡһ֣һӣſ˵·ܸǼǳҫһ
ֻǣ⻰䵽УɾͲһˡ
˼Ǻε˲˵Ļֻм٣ֻ֮Դ˲Ҫ鵤ֺαظԼԼԴһ£Ѿ˵ԼԴˣΪȻһ㣬ôҲǰ벽ʥףôһûС
ޣ˵鵤ȷֻ֮Դòǣ鵤ȴҩ֮УΪϡ鵤򵽣㻻Ҫκҩˡ绹ûش߾һŮֻ֮ȴŲмȻⲻмȻǳŷ磬ǳȥġ
Ѿͷ˭Ҫ죿һ˲䣬굱ŭ˳ʶŮġ
̧ͷȥſŮӣɫĳȹгˣһ˫۾͸һˮ飬Ȼ㲻̫ƯȴһּΪµʣ˲ԾͻøС
ϹޣȻһĻˮߣԣõ˻鵤Ҳûϣ̤ʥסŮ˵ͬһ仰Ͷ˻ȥ
ĽС㡣Цһ£Ϲߵĳ΢Ľү֪һͳֻҲ˵ġ
ޣ˭ҪһӵءĺһŮҲϹޣת򷽴ǰɣҽḶ̌ģ㲻ģ鷳Ұ㡣
ȻһЦһЦȴҲף˲Ƕѣϵֻ·ǳԼɵΪ˼ǶͷָĽİԼĻǵóԴɡ
ЩȻǲƵģ鵤ôҳεҩ֪ĽС㲻֪ɷΪҽһ
Ȼû⡣ĵϹһۣĽż˵鵤ÿֻţÿһŵۼ۶ߴǧƷԴңҲֻҩ֮в򵽡
ʲôƳҲ֪ǣ鵤֮ȴ̺Ļ֮Դ֮Դܵõ֮󣬱֮ԴõͻƿƾͻƵʥסһ£Ľ̼˵һŻ鵤ҩܵޣ˵㲻󣿡
ЧֻţҲһզ֮࣬ԴҲˣϼƷԴҲٶĶܹ࣬ͻƿǳʥףЧɾʵ̫ˡ
ǲ֮Դܲƾ鵤֮Դ
ǲУҡҡͷĽ̷˷۵ٺõ鵤Ҳܵģûٶ鵤Ҳܶʥǿ
˵⣬ĽϹƲƲ죬ָĿڵĳЩˣ츳̫ò׸˻֮ԴһŻ鵤ҲûжҿٸʮŻ鵤ҲδͻƵʥס
ĳЩȻָȻϹˡ
ò˵һȴʵϹ޵ʹ츳ͺƽһʥǿߵĸף¸ͱ򵽱Դ֮Ż鵤õʵǿܱѰ벽ʥ׵ǿ߸߳һЩҪﵽ벽ʥ׵۷嶼֪Ҫã˵ͻʥˡ
ҲΪˣ쳣Ŀٴεõ鵤Ͼûл鵤ʵɾʵ̫ˡ
Ḷ̌㲻ָɣţò˶ãҾܴ㡣ҧгݵĵḶ̌Ϲһһٵ˵
ƾŻ鵤ôмĺһĽ̺ļȱ˵ܲ˳ܣƾ㣬ӮҲֻ롣
ƣŤͷȥϹȴٲѾͷ˵һ仰ơ
Ƿֱӱ˵˿
Ǵһ˿Ц⣬ȴҲںĴΧȫû˿ӵŭ
鵤Ȼܰûл֮Դ˸򣬷ҲûжȤˣ෴ȤģǸʦҩ鵤鵤ƳҩڵϵѾǷˣʦĸֵǾԵ鴫
ô˵Ĺ򣬸εҩҲڴӺ̨˳ʮŮʢ鵤ϻ룬˲ȼ˵ļ顣
ִֹһ£ҩУˣҲҿĿռ乻ɵ¡
λҩһεϿʼϹÿһֻһμӼ۵ȨҩͬʱλҪʲô鵤ɵȿǺãᡣΪ׵ߵڣһγ۵鵤һʮ֣ʮ߸̨һһ֣ʽʼʮӵʱ䣬ֵҩЧڹ̨϶дҿϸ
ϤҲˣ緽ֵһˣأȴǲ΢΢һĹҲǵһֱˣ֮£ֻһҲֻһ鵤ܳ˭ǮͰ鵤ˡȻһҩļ۸Ҳ١
ҩ˵ݣҲȻˣ˼ҵʦݣҲؼƽ̫ˣ˹أҲάһԹƽķΧگʾ־ԳȻĵλϸϸɱȫ۸ߵôЧõĶࡣ
ѾҪʲô鵤˵þʵڲִЩʵϣЩ鵤Ҳֻóʮӵʱ࿴һ£һЩ˽ˡ


ľ ʮ ҩȥ
ҩ˵ˣǰ˽Լʱѡ
һֵҩͨɫϡ鵤ܰԼʱ䣬׼жϣ׵ıҩĺûˡ
ĿӸֵҩɨǷҲıЩҩЧˣЩҩ඼ǰԴ֮ģЧͼƷԴ࣬ٶȴҪĶࡣǷÿػ֮ƷԴٶȻȲЩҩʮ֮һ
ȷɣշûн֮ǰ㣬ûҪһֱƷԴԴ֮ôڲǱԴ̶ȵ£ԴɵĵزҪϵƷԴʮ⻹ǷܹԿػ֮յĽ
ܿţʵȷˣҪ֪Դɵľ磬ѾﵽһʥǿߵĵزҪԴ֮ȻǸ֡
ǣͬҪϷⵤ֮һΪ׵ĵҩʱԿŵ̵һ꣡
ʮʮЧʣеĲɾʵ̫ˣȻ緽Ҳǿҵռ
Ѿ֮ȡ㹻ﵽԴɵľ磬¶Ҫ̲ס׵ˡ
Ȼļ㷽ʽʵǲ׼ȷģΪҪӱڱԴĸ̶ȣ⼸ǲܵģķ磬ûĵľһҲܴﵽԴɵľ磬ٶ˾׵Ҳ޷߻һԴɵǿ
ԣôһȦ׻鵤󣬺ʣܹ˱ڻ֮Դĸһ鵤Ϊⵤ֮ϡ鵤ˡ
ңܴﵽЧҲֻл鵤һֶѡ
΢һ£Ҳ²µԭ鵤̺Ĵžǵʦҩڻ֮Դ⣬ϣ鵤Ӧ԰ڻ֮ԴĸϴﵽҩĲΣһ־磬鵤Ͳκˡ
ҩʥǿߣԶЩδͻƵʥ׵˵鵤ЧѾ㹻ˡ
Щ΢΢ҡͷ㽫Ŀٴδӻ鵤ƿˡ
÷Ȥģⵤ¥֮ͨһֵҩ鵤
ûθĵص鵤
ĵҩ鵤ܴκαԴ֮ϵܹ𵽵ãǿٵĻ۱
鵤㹻£ٺ̵ܶʱڽһո̤׵ʵƽ۷壡Ȼ۷ǲӵбԴ֮ģڰ벽׵ȫһ
鵤ǿĵطڣЧ̤ʥҲһЧ
᱾Դ֮ӵиʵİȻԶ
񷽴ҪĶϾȻԴѾɣϣķѾԳʥˣǣҪĻۣҲȻԶԶûдﵽ۷壬ֻڱԴ֮ǿ֮˺׺һѡ
ڲ̤ʥ׵£Ҳܹͬ÷ʵһ
û˿ԥڵһʱͷҩѡ鵤ҵǣⵤ֮Уע鵤ֻȼ˶ѣҩĻ𱬸޿ɱȽϡ
λڿʼ۰ɡ
ں˵ķӦʱ䣬ƽĿʼһ˲ͽ۷塣
ǧҳǧƷԴ鵤
ǧټƷԴ鵤ҵģ
ԶԶģȻܹڻ鵤ķЩ˷ļ۸񣬼ԷңҪ鵤ĻҲÿЦּ۸ƣܻɼԼȫҶȥҲδܽŻȫ
λֵܣǸЩǮ˱ȲˣͲҪ໥˰ɣ鵤һһٿţֻҪʮţ۵ÿһٶʮƷԴΣɨһߵļˣһЦһ˵
Ȼ鵤ˣҵ׶⻰һ˵͵õ˵ϿɣλøľԵһƬгˡ
һʮȫҪˡüͷ΢ںıۣҲ֮ճ״顣
㣡ԭΪ³ˣȴ뷽ôһӣȴǲûѪˣʲô裬ô鵤ȥʲô
һ۸ᵽһʮƷԴⱾûʲôǷ˵ȴȫ£еɾʹˡ
һ˭ҪҲ뽫Щ鵤ȫ²УһٿţÿֻҪһټƷԴҲߴһƷԴֲˣͲЩܹ֧ġ
鵤ͲóȥҲֻһʮƷԴ˶ռװ׽ҵ⼸ҲŸ͵Уֲ֪ǳļһЩ鵤ӯء
鵤Ҫ࣬λҪһټƷԴļ۸תλһЩ˿˲Ŀ⣬˵ΨһҪλҴҩʦһ뿪ȥ
ʲôĪĿŷ磬겻ʵҩʦĹأ뿪֮󣬾κˣκ۵ҩҵҲûá
ǾҵˣλֻҪһ𸴣лǲСȻҡͷƽĿڣȫûаԥ
УǰˣҲʲô¡̬ȣæӦһԴļ۸Ǳ˵ĺܣңҪǣһ鵤֮󣬶ʱǲܴӱ򵽵ģ޷ǾǴһϢȻ鷳˵㣬Ҳʲô¡
һӭ¥¾Ʋ˵ȸλϢһ֣΢ЦŻش𣬲첻һƵӡ
⼸˵Ҳûԥת뿪ˣִӿռе㹻ļƷԴ˳Щ鵤
񷽴ʵʮ鵤ԽƵ۷ļˣٶҲã֮ҪЩ˰ԼҩѣϾողŵҪ۴ϢԶЩˣŪˣǲ˷ʱ뾫
ôһʱ䣬طҲȫˣʶ鵤λÿȥ»鵤ģȻϹޣֻΪŻ鵤Ҳ㸶ǧƷԴۡ
˳˻鵤Ϲ޵鵹ǼãۿüЦĿڵ˼Ȼû鵤ֵܣ˵㻰ҽˡ
ǵ⾢ǧƷԴôˮƯˣ㻹˼ҫȷشĽ̸ĳһҪϹΪѵ׵ļơ
΢΢ҡͷȴǲԸٸȥлˣ»飬һˡ
ʲôֵܣշɣҲḶ̌Ϲ޻򷽴ţҽϹޣⵤǣʲô鷳ܱҵ֣ƽ
Ϲޣ΢һ£漴ȻһЦ˰ʾ⣬¥¶ȥ


ľ ʮ ֮⾳
ϣҷϿȣ
ظָͼϻƬ̺ڻǻȥ
ͼǷ绨ٵļƷԴˣ򣬵Ȼֻһϵģͼ̫ϸͼǸصܣͲó
ڷ˵ЩѾ㹻ˡ
ͼҷϿȾ뵤ǵľ벢̫Զ;ҲҪԽûʥ׵ʵͨͼ֮ϣҲش˱ǵΣյش
ҲΪʲôҩȥǳ״ԭû㹻ʱ䣬֪ϢҲܵҷϿȣңҩ߻ʥ۷ǿػͲ˸Ҷҩ
ӱ⣬ûʲôҪʰ׼ģõϢ׼ͼϢֱ뿪˵ǣҷϿȵλ÷ȥӵħ֮ν粢ûκη壬ƾɵԴҲ߳ɵİܹ˳ͨ
Ĵ񷽴ԴǿȣѾʥǿ߱ˣͲʲôΣա
ڵǸвðߣֻǣԴϢǳֲܲһԴİ벽ʥףҲͬûԸǡ
һ·ɳǧľ룬ΧѾȫʲôˣżǿеħ޳֣ڷ˵Ҳ㲻ʲôвŸ·Ĺ򣬷Ͼ̷һ鵤
ȻҲΪ籾ʵ̫ǿһǿ鵤ֻеľϢڵɡ
ף
ԶԶģͻȻܵ˼׷ϢƺҲЩϤ
ĸ֪ԶԶʤ벽ʥ׵ģܵ˶ԷԷȴȻַܷĴڣüͷ΢ȴǵͣŶԷ׷
ڵǴʱ䲢Ҳûеʲôˣʱ׷ѽ⣬ȴӰжϣ㹻ʵ֧ţҲͲںԷʲô̬
Ƕ̶̼ӵʱ䣬ıϳϢüͷȴȻڡ
үĽС㣬ߣסǣ
͸һĨ֮ɫϹߵĳ漲˳ͬʱһץסеĵһɲҵϢȻ͸ȴǴ˱֮ġ
ߣߵĵô
ǳ˵ͬʱһҲ֮ϹҵСӣ֮ǰǺô鵤͸ңҲûˡ
˵֮䣬һȻû˿ż˼ôϹǣͬèϷһ㡣
ԶԶȥϹĽ̵϶ŵѪʵҲѾԵҲǾһսģڽǱӾˡ
ӥ˶ǣҵŹġҧ촽Ľ̵΢ЩϢȴֱҪˡ
ĽС㣬֪ĽֶΣΪ㻹лô͸һĨɭȻ⣬԰׵ָḶ̌ļ
ˣҵһ׷ȥģΪĸɾôܻµģʱҲһѾƵ˾ĽȻϷҧв
үĽС㣬ǿߣƴסۿԷû˼Ϲߵĳ¶˾ģһ˲䣬㽫Ѫһȼ
ƴôһ˿м֮ɫӥ˵ƾԱԴ֮ƿȻȼΣΪвĵң
ȶԷشӥԹԵ˵ȥѾԶУҷһʱΪӳҵô
һ仰ͬʯУһ־Ծǳƴ֮⣬Ҳû֮ǰôǿˡ
ԷĻûдϹ޻ĽʵֻǱͨİ벽ʥǿһ߶ѣӥǿߣû˿ѵĻᣡ
Ȼǰ벽ʥ׵۷壬սȴҲվ޷ӥȣȻƴһеĲҲֻǣƶԷʮӵʱ䣬ʱ䣬ϹĽ
鵤˭뵽һλ鵤ȻᱻӥϣңԷȻĽϹвȻ֣
ȻһЦǳ˵СϹҳнһУϹģȻҲҪһѪ
еȻնѤĵâȻͬѤ̻Ϊȼգĵ֮кȻһɿֲĵ⣬ͬھĴ򷨡
ԶǷҲΪ֮ݣ
ƾĶۣⳤʵǿڻ֮ԴƿҲǿƴ֮±˵⣬Ҳ൱֮ЩеľӶѣƫƫƴĲ⾳÷жһ˿⡣
ҳȫ㣡ԷıȻҲӥϣȴҲӥԣһץһѰ׹ǳìȻӥУϢȻӲŶԷϮɱ˹
֮⾳
˵֮ǰ绹벻Ļôһ˲䣬ȴ÷ͫȻһ͸һĨȻ֮ɫ
⾳粢İʵϣ۽ͷų⾳֣ھϸҪȵ֮⾳ǿǣʵʵ⾳ȴǲһʼ޷ųһһֻص
ǣӥͷųⵥ֮⾳ȴǴ֮ģ۶֮⾳ĸԶԶڷ֮ϡ
һ̣жʱ۽ֻ̺رԴһ㷽ȴʼ޷ֻرԴֻƾղ²аأ񿴵ⴿ֮⾳ȴȻ÷緢֣⾳ɶֻرԴżİ
˲תͷӥǱȴȻʵϣ룬ӥҲͬ˷ĴڣֻʵͲںһ벽ʥ׶ѡ
ƴˣۿߵĳƴһսϹһݣȻ֣֮ԴڿлûһģķӰݺӥȥ
٣ϧˣƾǵͣʹ߶͸һ˿мӥһ̤йìһţǷӰֱӱìᴩ֮⾳֮£˲Ϣɢ
ƴӥʵͲںϹĽ̵вǲ뾪̫ˣһֱϵ뿪ΧŶ֣ϹѾӥնɱˡ
ӥҪֻǻ鵤Ҹ㣬ĽСߣҾͻ鵤ۿѾ˾ϹںڣͬʱֽץסʢŻ鵤ϻ
Ϲ޵ʵҪ˵ӥܣǻٵ鵤ȴеġ
⻰һӥɫ΢΢һ䣬ʱͣеĹĶϹޡ
֪㲻ܷŹңⲻĽС£ߣҾͰѻ鵤㣬һɢ


ľ ʮ 
ƣ
ڳû뵽Ϲֻ鵤ǿ̤벽ʥ׵竣ȻһóƵȫԼ֮ľȻ
Ϲޣ㷢ʲô裬Ҫû鵤ҲӦûԼĬ˲䣬ĽڷӦ˹˳Ҳ
ϣϹ޲ûǱҲȫûа
Ḷ̌Ϲ¶һ˿΢ЦǿС̣Ұ㣬ʮ죬Ҿ֪һԶˡ֪츳ܲƴŬþһеֶΣҲֻǲ뱻˦̫Զ
һֱ׷ĽŲȻҴӮһٶ˵仰ڿˡ
΢ЩᣬϹȴȻ΢ЦţĽ߲̾׵ľ룬ǣȴҿ̫ӥвʵ̫ˣֻҪһ˿ٵ鵤ƵĻᶼûС
һ˲䣬Ľ̵ۿͺˣôʵôϹޣϲôԶĴӼϵѵֻΪ˺Ϲ޳
ӥҾôһӦǲӦ͸һ˿Ȼ֮ɫϹ޶ӥڣ֮͸һĨ֮⣬֮䣬ܽ鵤׻
ҪϹޣҲҪҪһҪһҧ촽Ľ£Ǻʱ򿿽ӥֻ֣Ѿ˵Ϲ޵Ļˡ
Ľ̵ĻشϹһ漴Ц˳С̣֮ǰ֪ҲϲҵģѾ㹻ˣ
˵İ鰡ЦһӥڵҶ챻жˣϧ鵤ԼҪ
͸һ˿֮ɫӥɭȻڵӥһ˵ѻգûһܻ뿪ĽϹңܵģΪһĽСȥй¶Ϣô
˻һϹ޲Ȼɫ䣬֮֮ǰ˵ӥŹԼףӥܷŹԼֻ˸ɴ˵Źκ˵ĻȴҲϹһɾ֮⡣
ȻˣǾһɢɣ㻹ʲôòۼû̸ˣϹ̧־Ҫȥ鵤
ðٰɣõ鵤ĽСζҲû˲ӥȻЦ⻰һȴӲϹ޵һ£͸һɷĳ֮⣬ȴվǲ̽鵤ȥˡ
˵ʲôϹ޼һһٵĿڵ
ĽСѵõˣҼ̵촽ӥסٻ鵤ҲץḶ̌һٻ鵤ȻĽСӱ
ӥǺεӣһ仰ͱвҲӥˣһðŷ׷ɱϹĽ̾Ϊ˻鵤ⲢζΪ˻鵤ͻòԼ鷳ϲвֶεв
޳ܣ⣬ĽҲˣɫǺŭ
ô˵ѹͲںĽ̵̬ȣӥĿϹ޵ҸһѡĻᣬѻ鵤ңұ֤ĽС㣬һ
˵⣬ӥˣû˵˼ȴѾıˣңû˻ỳӥû
һ̣Ϲ޲ǿҪˣвʹ࣬Ѿ־Ҳ޷ԼİŮʲô龰
žžž
ϹʹļҪӦͬʱһͻȻ𣬲֪ʲôʱԶķȻĳԱߡ
ϴŵЦ⣬ȻƣһƵӣ·ûκΣգԼҺ԰һ㡣
ֵܣôһ¶棬Ϲޱ˳ֻһ̣ȴôҲףôеչ
Ϲޣ翴ӥ̾ϢһӺʺɱ֣ϧ˵㡣
ֶεвң˲ҵʵĽˣ˵ʵҲЩ͵ģϧЩȴܳΪŹɡ
ʲһˣǷǶԴһģ±ԶΪӥЩвûȴϲӥУֻܹԴвѣϹĻ˻鵤ԻвһСΪѾ˷еĵߣֻɺϵҲ֡
οЩ⣬ӥϻ֮⾳
ʲôˣüͷ΢ӥȴǲԾһ˿ɵ֮⣬㷽ûͷʲôӱϿҲͨİ벽ʥ׶ѡ
ˣҪ֪̫ࡣ̧ͷ֣Ȼڣ·Ȿ쾭顣
СӣԼ¶һĨɭȻɱӥٲԥһйìֲɱȻ̤֮ŷɱ˹벽ʥףƾҲң
ȻЩɵȴζӥη壬һ̸£ȫ֣Ҫնɱ
ӵ֮⾳㵹Ҳûпʱϧ̫ЩȻһ˿Ц⣬ĵĿڣһ㣬¶һĨɫĵ⣬ƮȻȥٶȲ죬ȴȳӥһߣа׹ǳìŰҲʼӽڡ
Դ֮ƾϾԴѾܹ׿Щ֮֮廯磬Ȼܹٶȣû˿ʧ
ӥʵҲ൱볽ĪԶҪһߣ˵񷽴Դɣ̤֮ǰҲͬη塣
Ȼ֮⾳ĸһӥ˵𺳿ɾʵ̫ˣһУĵһ룡
۹ȻܹԴĿֲģһ˲䣬û׷ɱϹǵ룬֮ǰٶ󵹷ɶȥ
ӣڶӥ˵Ψһͷܹ֮⾳˵Ѿһ漣ˣһ·ɱ¾ʥ֮£ȻǸɵľӢӣҲȫη壬ǣһھ͵⾳Ķ֣ȴǴӹ͸һɺ⣬ָоҪʥǿߡ
ߣ˵ôȻǲĿڣֻһ̣˱ȻΪһ⣬գ֮䣬׷ȥӥٶȻҲ޷ѷ׷
䣡
̧֮䣬ֲȻӥγһƬ֯ĵ׺Ȼ£˫
ԩ޳𣬸ºοƣܵѹӥҧڵ
Щ׵̫ǿܶвȴٶȽˡ
Ҳԩ޳ͬƣһ䣬粻ĳ֣ȴ˿û̻ɱӥĴ㣬֮һ˲Ϣ֮ܽӥˣľϻ


ľ ʮ ֮⾳
֮⾳˻޷еĿֲǶڷ˵ȴҪĶǶڱǿֻرԴ֮
ӥʵǿɱ¾ԴҲֻǸոմѣ׿֮⾳±ϹҲǿȥǣΪ֮⾳ĴڣȴսɫĵȵĵزеĲκ˶ݣֻ֮⾳ͬ뱾Դ֮һûܹĵѡ
ϧȴǲͬģϹɱ֮и⾳ۣһϹɱе֮⾳ȻûգȴҲ˱Եӥһչ֮⾳λĹĸ֪
ֻǷȴȻףӥʵ֮⾳ģҪ˵Ѷȣ⾳ѶȣɻڸԴ֮ϡ
Ĳ˵츳ֲ˰ɣǣԸ⾳һڣȴȻûƿأ֮ң˼ѱɼһˡ
츳ӥԲܳԼƫƫ۶֮⾳ĸоԷȴԶԼ֮ϡ
˵ս˵ڱŶԷͷ֮⾳ѣȻ⻰ǲ˵ģӥҲɵӣʵʵġ
ڷҲͲҪˣʵѹ֮£ɲʹ֮⾳򣬵ͻв֮£ӥûѡ
һΣˣʲô㾡ܿɫĲ֧֮ţӥһϣڵ
Ϊһɱ֣ӥԶȳ˸ϧԼﶼģֻл޿ܣʱֻҪԥĴӦ
ûǿߵϣֻǶӥ˵
ʧܣһɱ˵ûʲô˵ģֻҪܻţгɹĻᡣ
ӷֵڣҲŲǶ̶̼ʱ䣬ȻϹĽ˵һȴֱ͸Ƶģ֮ǰڱƵͶ·ðȵĵˣڷǰȴͬͯȫû˿֮ķڸոմѵ˵ֱš
Ϲޣȫ֪ˣҪ֪֮ǰڵǵʱԲѵв˼ţȴǺεȵĺЦ
ȻʵУϹȴϾϹˣ׸Ϲҵļʥ۷ʵһЩģķ磬ǽԴһֲĳ̶ȣֻһ̤ʥˡң赭дӣδȫֻҪɵӣҲף˼ҵıֻǷǳֲġǵϹңҲʸֱϹԻġ
òʲôĶĶӥ絭˵ʱɣҲֻҪܳŹʱҾͷһ·
еԼʲôЦֲҪԹУΪľǸԷͷŶ֮⾳ʱ㣬Ϸ档
ֻǣ⻰һȴʵһû
Ҫ֪ǿ߽棬Ƭֳ̼ܷʤһʱǲǳô죬Ǹ޷ǿ֮ȡģս˭𰡰ʱļսǻû
ӥʶΪڳûзŹ˼һ˲䣬һȻ͸һ׹⣬ɭȻСӣҵģҲȻᡣ
˵֮䣬ֲӥڱŷȻǵķ磬һ̣Ҳðһ˿⡣
Ϣ֮䣬ӥͷų֮⾳ϢΧǲ׺Ҳ޷Ĩȥһеӡǡ
Ȼܵһ̣ȴû˿η壬Խ˷ܡ
˵֮ǰ֮⾳ŨҵĻôӥƴ֮£֮⾳ԵԽ÷ܹˡ
ߵԶԶģ˲ҪԹң
һϹ޵ķһԴ֮Ҳǿ˼֣֮͸޾ѹٴεס֮⾳ʴ
лֵܣ˿ҲߵģֵɱٺúøлһҧϹ޵ȭԼʵǷǳģӥǷ籬ԶĽܹģûаôңʱܱ
ôһڣ㲻ԥĽԶȥ
˳ƳϹһۣٴοڡ
Ϲ⻰ҲûһԵԭ뷨˳ʮԲܵʲôвˣǷ⻰һȴǶʱͷʵʵקĽ̷˳ȥֻȴôҲ벻ףΪʲôҪ˳ôԶľ룬Ҫ֪ǿǰߵĺۼˣʵսĲѸܵ
ۼϹʧ½עŵӥϡ
Ϲ뿪ȻˣԷʵҪס˭ƾӥͲ˵뿪ΪһЩֶΣ粻κ˼
㾿ҪӥҲɵӣԷѹͬףԼƴҲԶǷĶ֣Ϲ뿪ʶΪҪ̸ʲô
ǹһ˿Ц⣬Ż˵˵ˣˣûҪ֪ôࡣ
˵֮䣬Ҳʱһ˿ϢƬ֮䣬˫۶ʱɫһһףֲ
ۣ
һ̣Ҳڽչ˳⾳Ȼ͸ݺӥѹȥ
ǡ⾳֮⾳ӥ˲͸ܵе쳣һ𣬲ҧԼͷи͸һ˿Ŀ־֮ɫ
޵֮⾳Ȼκ˶⾳Ŀ£һ֮⾳˽յĳɾۣͣı仯ԶԶһһô򵥰һֱʵı仯ʧȥ
ֱһ̣ӥףΪʲôҪϹ뿪һ˲䣬ڷη壬Ѿﵽ˶㣬вϵתȴʼջ޷ʲôϵ
㵽ʲôˣΪʲôҪңһ˲䣬ӥ㼸ˣǿߣҪɱǷ֮䣬ȫûбҪôĹ⾳Ҫչ¶
΢絭ԭ㣬ͷ֮⾳򣬲ڿûҪˡ
÷ͻȻıģǱģСħ
ӥƴ֮⾳ʱСħ˳ĸ߷磬ͲҪ˷ʱڣǿȵ֮⾳Ѿȫֱˡ
ûɣڷ籾˵ȻɣǱˣħ֮Ĵڡ
գСħ˵Ҫ⿪ħ֮ڶطӡҪɴɵбԴħ֮;ɵ
֮⾳ȻбԴƾħ֮ȴܹͬɣڷ˵ûʲôɵ֮ˣۣΪСħֱӽ֮⾳ɵԼ۵С
һ˲䣬ıȻһ԰ɫһ̣ȻΪһӰһȭҵӥϣ֮ӲӥӶ֮⾳


ľ ʮ Ϣ
ӥҲǵĴ˶ģȻ츳ǿС˶ȴԽ˽Ը֮⾳ȴδȻܹķʽ֮⾳һжѾԶԶⷶΧ־壬ŭȴƫƫ
һУǵֻаһƬʬĿ֮УѪʬ壬ַĿ־޷ᡣ
ӥܹĸо֮⾳ţһɢģԼʼղףΪʲôԷܹӵ˿ֲгŷ벻ʣǣһУǿֲ֮£ȴԵô
֮⾳ϵӿ֮УвۣͬʱҲͬĿӥϵһУһ˵ĸܣǼһָ򡭡׼ȷ˵ӥ֮⾳̡
帲ӥ˶ʬ֮Ѱʳһʱ䣬˻Ƶ뿪ңһСؤĴεʮ꣬ӥΪһǮһǥɱ֮ʮˣ˵Ǯ룬һĻǡñһɱֿǣӥ¡ʮ꣬ӥԵؽΪִԲпֶλӥ֮ʮ꣬ӥ̤ףɱֽ´޻ڣҹ£ʮ꣬һ֮¾壬֮˹Ѫս֮ɱ¾Դ̤벽ʥסʮ꣬ӥʦìܣ֮ʣ֮⾳߱ʦ֮ʽ̤ǿ֮С
Զʮӥܵ츳ƣɱ¾ԴʼԴɣ֮⾳ӥʮ꣬ƾ֮⾳ʥ֮º֣ȴײ˷ǹϡ
츳̫ô
̾ϢһܵһУκ˶ӥ츳Ϊ֮⾳ĳ֣ɱ¾ԴϵĸѣԼĳ֣ӥôȥһգӥ֮⾳иʱ򣬾⾳֮ǿ̤ʥ֮ʱƾ⾳Ȼʥǿ֮УӥҲܹռһϯ֮ء
ϧֻһУӥԼǰһ˲䣬Ѿȫˡ
вڷ˵Ҳʵڼ̫ˣӥˣɱĵһҲһ
һһֻأ
ӿ³˸֣˫Ŀ֮͸һĨѤĺڰ׶ɫâ⾳͸ɲ֮䣬ӥڵһ˿ۼĨȥֻһ߿նʬ壬⾳֮±Ĩȥ
˫ת˲ָȴȻվ֮С
һһֻأ֮⾳ٴɱ䣬ţʥ֮£ֻֻܹܻǣֻأȴȻס
֮ʱֻȡֻ֮⣬Ȼһߵڣŷֻ֣ԶûԼô򵥣֪˵۽ֻ̺֮رԴ֮󣬸ףֻ֮²ݺµĸԴڡ
þɵۣеζˣܴɣ۵ܹ۵ɫ˫֪˿תʲôͷСħ˸߲ҵ̾
ᵽ⣬Ȼ𣬵ϹɱżУһ˿ǽƾĿĨɱˣԼȡɣҲòʥɱ˵ģֻ͸Ŀѣǵ񣬷ҲȻܹļǵɫ˫͸ѹ
ǻֻһѣۣɫ˫ָǺεȵĿֲ
˵Щ̫Щҵܸо⾳Ǵɣڸֻżİҡҡͷħ֮һ·λϹ뿪ķλȥ
ǱȻģֻرԴԴҲ⾳СħĸֻͣȻף˵ֻأֻֻرԴ
ȻҲȥЩ
Ϲǣ÷˿ЩȤ֮ǰ˳ɾԲǿЦϹûͬ˿ովǣȻҲĨɱǡ
ۣħ֮綼Ը˿̱©˵УǶϹкøУҲܸıһ㡣
ڣĿǰϹӦʵˡ
ľ룬ڷ˵㲻ʲôƬ֮䣬ƾǿѾϹڵλá
֣Ҿ˵ֲµģԶԶƳϹ޶ʱ˷ܵӭл־֮Ϲ޸м
Ǵһ˿Ц⣬ЦŰֵɲҵֻҪϹּǵѾǡ
˵⣬Ϲ޶ʱһ̣Ȼǵõʱ龰в粻鵤ţȴ룬յõ鵤֮󣬻ƾ跽ֲž
ǻ鵤뷽£Ȩһл񡣡һףϹɫͨĿڵΪ鵤˽ᣬӴ֮󣬷ֵõĵҵĵطϹ޾޶
΢΢һ絹ҲϹ޵˼ȻһЦ˵ĽСǽϹˣ
⻰һϹ޻Ľ϶͸һĨɫһϹȴҲȫˣ֮ǰƴҪõ鵤ʤ̶׶ѣ̶Ѿң鵤˵޹ؽҪˡ
Ϲ޵ӱͻĽһ⣬˶
ϲϹĽСˡһȭ漴΢Ц鵤ϹԼŰɣԴ鵤˵ô
һ˵ΪϿңδ˿֮⣬֮ǰֱҲͲΪ˻鵤
һ£˵˵˴ΣұҪȥҩʦҵҩ֮Ȼ⡣
ϹȻҲܸܵĵ⣬Цһ£漴Щʵ֣ҪҩʦʲôҪʲô鵤һϹңϹȻʲôһЩ鵤Ӧõĳġ
⻰Ϲ˵ļΪţǻ鵤ϡ鵤Щ겻ģϹҲеġ
΢΢ҡͷϹֲȰѾ
һȣ֣ҪҩʦΪʲôᵽ˵֮䣬Ľƺ뵽ʲôͻȻڵ
΢΢һ漴ʵ˵ҩʦȥҷϿô
Ǵһ˿Ц⣬ĽҡͷǱƭˣҩʦ֮ͨԴҪҲȥҷϿȰ
˵⣬Ϲ͵һԴˣÿҩʦ뿪ǣǻѰҩʦʶɢϢǱϢˡ
⣬жʱһЦԭΪԼѾĹСĵģרŷ˺üطȷϢȴվǱƭˡ
ҩʦӦǷҩʦȥң̫Σ֮ңҩʦϲ˴ţǷֵ򣬿Ҳδػнԥһ£Ϲ޼˵磬ȻϹΣǷҪʲôϡ鵤ϹҲɴΪѰңʵڲУȵҩʦȥѰҲ١


ľ ʮ ҩĹ룡
ƾĶۣϹ⻰˵ļΪϿҡ
ƽϹЩ磬һ۸ڶǣȴо֮飬Ҫرǲϧһд۵ĻرκҪԽ߾ȫңƾϹҼ̳˵ݣʸԷŵ
ңǲĸ飬ԷʵǱҲϹĽύˡ
ӥҲĬĬܹ֮նɱӥңᣬˣﶼҪύģΪ˭Ҳҿ϶Է᲻ͻȻ̤֮ʥס
һ̤ʥףֱͣǱȻϹҲܽϹĴ󴬣ϹȻżĺôϹޱҲǾ
ԷӣԭҲȫûܴӦǣȴ
ֻǳ죬û۵ѹû鷳ôѡϹݣǺ⣬ϧķ磬ȴûʱȥ˷ˡ
ִ꣬˷̫ѹݲƬ̵и
ο컹ûж֪ĵǣϢǷ˶õģһ̾ͻ⵽׷ɱû㹻ʵ
лϹֺ⣬ѾᱧȭƽĿڣдżֳֿл⣬ܾȴôɴ䡣
Ȼ뷽̸ϤǣϹҲЩ۹ģ˵һһ¶˾ģͲܹҵģ٣Բܹҵġ
ͷϹ漴ЦȻˣұ㲻ˣ̤֮У̫ŨλߣӦþҩʦˣӦûʥ۷ǿ߱ҩʦҪȻء
΢΢ͷٴεлЩԭѾµ˵ģҲûʲôģֻ˵ЩΣհ
̤֮ʵѼΪ޾յм򣬴Խ֮󣬱޾գҲǷ֮УյĿꡣ
һĿҲܹĵˣʵϣûʥ׵ʵҲûʲô˸ȥ
תЩͷ絹ûʲôķϻϹ޸֮󣬾Է
طͬ·ܺңΪʲôλֻҪһ·Ϸɣ̤·޾յķʽ
û·鷳ǽȴҲһ˳ǲҪԵ磬Ѿôİ벽ʥˣҲǷ紳֮ԴɣȻδ̤ʥףҪʵҲʥ׿ˣɴԽһ·谭
죬Էʵ̤Ҳʱ䣬ŴԽһ̤֮С
ֻǽ˲䣬͸ܵһѹ޷ֱ棬ѹӺζȴ޿ɱܣ·˵ʵҪɡ
꣡
΢һ壬Դ֮鼰ȫǿѹж
ԴȻǷͣʵҲñѹɣһİ벽ʥףֻҪѹɵʵû̽ʸ
Цһ£ףΪʲôûа벽ʥ׵˵ĻͲʺϰ벽ʥ׵档
΢һ·λԶԶĸܵһŨĻܻ֮źԶȴȻܹܵĿֲʣĻ֮Դң»һЩʡ
̫
Ҫ̫˼ҲܹףϹ֮ǰᵽ̫ˣûм֮ǰվ޷̫Ŀֲ缸Կ϶ڵĳҲ޷̫棬Ѱİ벽ʥףֻҪմһ㣬ֻҲĽ֡
ң⻹ֻΧѣЩ̫ͲֻһЩǵĻ硣
ͼ¼һλã˻Ϊһٶ̫ŨķλȥЩģʱҲݲ÷ֺˡôҵҩټ
첻ͬͼκ˵Ӱ֮һƬޣħ޶ûУֿռ¶ÿʱÿ̶ʴ˵飬ⱾһּĿ飬־ᶨģ¶į֮ȴˡ
ο̫֮λҲһɲģʱп±һƬ𺣣ȻԷĸ֪мҲ֮С
Ȼˣ绹ӵسɴ˷еƾ衣
ʱţת۱ǰ¹ȥٶҲڲò̫Ѿ൱ܼˣسɴ磬̫ðʧҲͬᱻ𺣵Сڷ˵ȴһϢ෴ΣյĻ÷˾Ϊ֮һ

ҩϣô˳ô
̫֮Уȴ·ûܵӰ죬ϾϵĴ󽣣ĵĿʵ
Щ鷳ߣһµüͷЩյ˵̫𣬻ǲǿ޷ڻᣬңһÿƻ治ٱĺʱڣ벻ʲô취
ǵǣҲȱʱ䣬ţҩĥˡȻһЦĻشˮ𱾾Ͳڣҩ϶辶һɣǿ׳١
ҡҡͷҩȴδشУˮݾѾּˣȴ˭˽⣬ˮݸͲֻǵһѣҪɵģǶ컯ֻص
ͷʵҲ۶۵ֻرԴ˵磬Ƕһ޶ģ޷ӣվڵʦĽǶȣҩȴΪʲôǾԴﲻģЩܼ㣬ҩɵİգֻҪںбԴϣֻرԴȻﲻ̶ֳȣǣֻҪܹɣе壬Ҳǿʱġ
ֻصһ룬ƾ赤֮бԴһ壬Ȼ컯񵤣һãֱܹ˵ڣֻرԴ
ͷδ͸©ֻܶѡϾ񵤸ϵ̫һй¶ȥҩݣҲѹƱľκˡ
ʱҩ¼ͷҲḶʵΪӰʵ̫󣬵ǣȴǲͬˡ
Ѿˣ˵ΨһҪĶǵˣֻҪܹΣһȻɾһ޿ɳԽʶλµĶࡣ
һУҲֻʵ鵱УĲ˵һˮݣҪҲ̫⡣


ľ ʮ 뿼飡
ףƺ˹ˡһûһĸҩ˵ŻŴ󽣵ͻȻһ漴¶һ˿ζЦݣڵ
Ŷôһ˵ҩҲ漴̧ͷĿλÿȥԼϢأһЩ֪ԼҲ򲻵ѣ˸ҵôһ˵ȴҲһ˿֮ɫ
˼ƺǸСһԴ벽ʥףȻߵҲмֱ¡ʥ۷ʵ˷磬ڷûпε£һ۱Կʵˡ
ҩĸ֪ҪһЩģҲƬ֮䣬Ҳͬܵ˷ĴڣƳһۣҩʧȥκȤһ벽ʥ׵СӣЩ⣬Ҳ࿴
ȥɣһвҪ͵ĺһҩ漴Ļֵ
ҲģȥСһʼ磬굹ûʲôģȻ̤ŲŻ֮ȥΧֲ̫ǰ˳ͬԼѱĳһ㣬óһѤĻ֮·
ְǱҩʱʥ۷壬ǿһЩʥףֻɱˣԣƾôһ벽ʥ׵СӣǸвҩģ˼ֺ֮ġ
ȵҩ֪꣬ķΧҪСĶˣֱӻ߳Ȼ
Сһļҵӣܵ˫ֱŴ󽣣վڻ𺣱ԵȤķʵ
΢һ漴ɣҩʦ
ϹޣԺĽ˵Է¾ʥ۷ǿߣȴǲ̫ˣϾЩʥ۷ǿߣ붼ǵ֪۽ݵģóȻ˵ֻԷɶѡûаգԷ᲻ᱧɴɱһǧɷŹһ̬ȣ˵͸ɴĽɵ
ɣ˼ҲǸմɣɨһ۷Դ۶ɵ£ЦЦʵ
΢΢ͷһϣ絹û˿ԥԴ۲ףһ벽ʥ׵ϣǵĺ֮ҲֻõĽ͡
˵ֵͦף񹬺ͽСһҲˣ㵹Ǵе˲ٺôֶβƺûд˵ҩĻ磬ſڶԣȴַ·һֲݾܾ޷˳˼ߡ
޷ã֪֮δǴĶѡһ£ȴǲʣʵǰҩʦǺѣܷݼһҩʦ
΢΢һڷȴԽ߿ļ֣֮ǰЩʻǿΪ֮ʥ۷ϢҲɢ˳ȥ˵ǰ벽ʥˣǵʥǿߣѹ֮£ֻҲûӷʵġǰֻа벽ʥ׵Сӣȴƫƫܹݲȵķʣ˿Ӱ죬һ㣬߿һˡ
¶һ˿Ц⣬Ȼûҩ⣬Ȼ׷Ҳҩϵӣ֮ʣϲ˴ţ˵ҩϻ᲻㣿
ͬĵֻǿһֱʦָ㣬˷ǰҪҩʦĻشȻ·һ˿ܶҡ⣬˵֮䣬ָỮһ㵭ĻȻָûжһȴĽĿػ֮չ˳
ػ˵򵥣ǣܹȴǷëǣѾƿ˻֮ԴˣҲܹһ㣬ΪĿػ֮ǵʦֶΡ
ûоʹ֣һֻ֣ӿռһ鼫ƷԴԿػ֮ôɿձԴ֮Ҳķʽ֤Լ
ֶΣһİ벽ʥ׿Ҳǿػ֮ˣο곣ҩߣڿػ֮ͼΪϤôһۣȷԲһƿƿεļһ˿ػ֮п̤뵤ʦš
Ѱİ벽ʥףЩ⣬Ҳ⣬ȷҩԲǣտػ֮ţǾ;Բһˣҩ߶꣬ȻҲǳΪֹҩҲδдˣЩӣûһҩ洫ģҩҲˣֻµһӵ˼Ҳ˵
һˣ굹ЩԥˣĿ⻺䵽ϣãųЩ˼ֻҺ֣ȻҪϰѵ֪֮Դ;
ԴȻǿ󣬵׷ҩߣȴǷǳҪΪʦӵл֮Դ򣬸޷̤ɾ硣
¶һ˿Ц⣬ݻشǰСֻǰ벽ʥ׶ѡ
ûκζĽͣȻһ仰˵ɾõĽˡ
ûҪҪľǻ֮ԴһԴˣ޷õ裬ǣʥ֮ǰһжпԣԴҲζž޷֮Դˡ
˼ô˵Ѿͻʥ׵ʵˣɨ˷һۣЦ
粢δֻͣ΢΢ĻȣѾ˵һˡ
Ȼ˵ͬҲĽˣҲֻӵʵſƾ벽ʥ׵ʵߵſܲϢӰ죬ܹ٩٩̸
˵ʥǼֱߵ룬ֻҪһ˿ĻᣬҲĳǰСӣȴѾ̤ʥ׵ʵȴΪҪǿѹΪûмᶨ־ţֻǸһġ
˵ֱһ̣У˼֮⡣
ãСӣҸһᣬҩϾʮҵľ֮ڣҲ㣬ߵҩϵǰʸˡȻһЦıŴó·赭дĿڵ
ȻڷмͣȴҲΪôһɵ÷ҩѾһģˣ綼޷ߵҩǰǾֻ˵ķ绹ûǸʸҩС
᲻ϵˣԼģһУĻʵ
꿴ܹһߵʸץסᣬǾܲץҲÿԼ
̫Ļ𺣣ǵڷԵһ飬ȻѣȴҲһĻᶼûУĻˣԳǾĨɱһеĻˡ
һҲֻͬǣ̫𼴱Ҳûаܹȥ
Ȼǿħֶ֮ȫʩչʮҵľ룬аմȥģǣȴǣͲܱ©ݣ£Ҫ𺣣ʮʮĿˡ


ľ ʮ ػ
Ĭžз
˿ûмϻ˼ôյվԭأָڴߵţЩƵ죬ûаߴٵ֮⣬̬ȴּᶨ֮ûͨڵĿܡ
ʥףһ޴ĺ蹵ƷѾԽսʥ׵ʸ񣬵̫ǰȴͬ
Ƿ̤ʥףԴ̤룬Ҳƾ֣̤̫֮Уǣ԰벽ʥ׵ʵ룬ֻƬ֮䣬͵ñΪɻҡ
һʥһ
ȻԷֶΣһ̣ҲЩ꣬תͷȴʼ޷ҳһʵİ취
ʮĻȴǵǰ֮·
Цһ£һ̣ͻȻЩ֮ǰĲԴǻ֮ԴĻôƾɵĻ֮ԴȻֻа벽ʥףҲܹ̤̫СǶԷΪʲô˵ҪΪʦ֮Դزٵԭɡ
ôѵԼҪ̫֮ǰ֮Դɣ
ͷڷһţȴֱֱˣ֮Դڷ˵ҲȫһİȻԷ츳Ҫڶʱڲ֮ԴҲʵʣΪȱһӣһܹɱӣһ統¾ɱûӣҪԴѶʵ̫ˡ
ȻǷ粻ȱʱĻô̫֮ǰ򣬻ʱƣҲп֮Դϧ񷽴ȱľʱ䡣
ҪԼʱ䣬ֺαҩ
ǣûл֮ԴȴͼҩɾһᣬȻԷ֮ܣҲˡ
Ȼδ֣ǷȴҲܸܵĵԷȻʥ۷ʵǿߣǵģֶȫҲԲնɱ
οҩǱָô죿ѵҩҲһɱڲɣ
һȣ
һ˲䣬Ȼһ⣬һΪͷ
Լȷǲڶʱƿػ֮ԴǣҪƻ棬Ҳֻл֮ԴŰõİһַʽпܴﵽͬõЧػ
ûػ֮
մ޵ÿػ֮ڵ֮ߵֵزȻΪʵԼ㵤֮Ѿȫˣǣػ֮ȴһ겻ҲڿԼĿػ֮󣬲Ÿı̬ȵô
ôΪʲôֱԿػ֮֮дһͨ
ôһЩȴòϣķ񣬲޵ķʸҵȷӵʵĿԡ
̫ȻǿǹҲվǻһֻ֣ҪǻϣȫԿƣֻҪƿصĺãȫܹƾػ֮ɳ룬ĿػؼһеĻ𣬶Ŀƣܴﵽľ磬ػ֮ŵǴˡ
ȻЩҲֻǷԼܳģûʵ֤ǱˣǳԷɽģڷɽĵ˵һйףľοķҲѾ֮һֻҪܣôпܰ쵽һǿҵţܹԽķ
һͷ˵жж󣬶Ҫж
һ֮䣬ظ췭
ԭãһ˲䣬ȻһĨâȻԶߵŴ󽣽꣬һ̣Ҳͬ쳣һ˿΢ɲľ֮ɫ
ڷЩͣǣҩĹҲͷŷȥƸ˻ᣬǣʵϣȴκ˶Ǻεȼѡ
֪Ѿ˳ʥ׵ʵֻҪ̤ʥףʮȷʲô⣬ǣһ̤ʥף㳹׶ᣬǼҩΣһԻ֮Դ̤ʥ׵ˣһЩػĵӣҲҩķۡ
ǣͬģ̤ʥףҲΪлܹߵҩǰ
֮ǰԥĬʵϣѾ֤ʵһ㣬ֻǣȴʵû뵽ôƬ̵ʱ䣬ǸѾûа취СӣȻܷ˷츲صı仯·˲䣬ҵ˰취һ㡣ʵһ̣ҲЩˣԴСһʲôİ취ܹ̫۶ɵĻ𺣡
һ̤жʱ͸һǿҵţҲûи͵˼ôݵߵ˻֮ǰ΢΢۾
΢Щ죬ȤĶŷ磬ÿɷȴǲЩɹȻѵСӴ֮Դɣ
Ȼ̫Ա߸֮ԴźܴƣǣȴҲԲһһϦ֮Ѽʱ֮ԴȲ˵ܲܳɹǳɹأûдɵĻ֮ԴͲ̤̫Уһ㣬κ˶Ҫ
˵Ҫѻ֮ԴɣǼֱһЦƾ벽ʥ׵ΪԴ֮ɵˣʵ̫٣ʵûмźðɣǰСӵ츳ĺܺã̫ҪһҪãʮ꣬ʮ꣬Ǹࣿ
û壬٣УľٶһЦѡ
ȻǰСӵܹʮ꣬ʮһգû˿Ķҡʱһ£ʱֻҩҲѾ뿪ˡ
΢΢ҡͷѾʧȥȤˣ֮ǰЩ棬Źģ񣬿ŷ֮ԴǾǸЦˡ
󽣹ڱϣƨ׼֮ʱʶɨ˷һۣǾһۣȴʱ۾ɵĹԲҲûƿֺˡ
۾Ȼţȴ̧˿Ĳָ㶯·һ紩һ趯Ȼ⿴ƻڵĶǰ̫ȴȻ漴ǣϸЩ澹ȻôŷָԾ趯
ػ
һɲǼ䣬ͷӦ˹ôѾҪ̵ĸ֮ԴСӣȻԿػ֮ٿЩ
ǣһ˲䣬˷ͼȻΪµ˷˼е𺳲ŸǾ춯أһɲǼ䣬ҪΪԼǲþˣһмֱǷ˼
һ֮ԴСһȻͼԿػ̫֮һͨɣ
㣬ֻʮͨ㹻ˣǣɲǷ𣬶̺֮Դ̫ɱκʥ֮´ڵ̫𰡣
ֻǣķ磬ȴѹģһ˾ɵĽȫͶ˶ڿػ֮Ĳ֮ϡ
վ̫ıԵҪѰе磬Ϥ̫Ϥ棬Ȼ󣬲ʺϵĿػ֮һԼĿػ֮һµ۷壡
۾ΪԼڵλãȥһԴĶ
һУѾˣһ̣ѾٿǷܹɹΪվһ˲䣬ѾţԼȻܹõˡ


ľ ʮ Ի𣬰
ڣŲϱõĻ棬겻Ծٴͣ˽ŲôĿǰһС
㱼䣬·ֿԼӰӣٵýȻȴǻ֮ԴԸһΪ֮ԴĲרע뽣ĵӣҲԸһǷϰĵӣȻҲధ󣬻ȴȻĮľܾ
ʱԼͬǰִŵСһɣֻǣȴֻһʲôĽ֣
΢΢̾Ϣɫӵվڻ𺣵УԼһȴչ黯ΪһĨĿЦ
ûףߵһ˶٣һΣ֪Լûͬһᶨѡĵ·ʵ߻֮Դ
ܹ̤ʥ۷壬ĳɾͣ츳֮⣬Ҳͬռ˼ıأҩѪģ׷ҩҲȻ˶ѡ
콣ˣ
ȻǵԸɵƽ̣ҲһսЩϼһ⣬䣬ûʲô˱ܣˣѴ죬ǣһжĨȥԶʧȥʵ
ܣ˲֪еĹؽڣҲڸʧȥɵİˡ
ʱţôһվ죡
Ѿ̲סҪȰ뿪ʱԭһֱ۾ķȴȻһ̤ϢĴ˻֮С
һȴأҲӲе˵Ƕ˻ȥ
԰벽ʥ׵ʵûʸ̤̫֮УԴĻ浱УҲͳŲһʱ̣ǣƫƫô̤˽ȥң̤֮УҲʼûͷųԴӲŻ𺣣γһСɾ
Χȵ̫ȻǽֻһҵȴûаĴڡ
ָɿǰ㶯治ڣ˿ó˿̵ķѾǽ߾ȫˣ͸棬Լܹͷ֮ϵĺ飬Щ԰׵ס
ǣһж޷ڸѤĿػ֮ǳҩߣĿػ֮ҲǲݺݵĲҪ֪ȫ֮ԴİֶΣѾ漣ˡ
һ˲䣬˵жʱһ˿֮еĴ΢΢һ£ֻҪ޷֧ţ˱֣ǿнͳ𺣡
ܷ粢û˵ǳȴö˼һ̤ΪѾаܹƾػ֮ԽʮߵҩǰΪѾ˾ϣҪΣնԼһе·ѹեڵǱ
ɣػ֮ɱ䣬֧ߵҩǰܣ𺣣ȫûеֿܣ
ҲֻƸ۵뵨ǣп漣׳١
ֻǣڳ˵Уɹϣ̫ãˡ
ҩҲ˵ػ֮һʦĻȻЩ꣬ҩеӣһЩҩԭΪӵĵӣҲûκһܵңػ֮ľ衣
ҩУĿػ֮ǽĴڣȻҩʦݣҲ˵ȫ˿ػ֮
ǰСһܹһڿػϵ츳Ѿ˵ˣǣûл֮Դһ㣬ȴķչ٣֮Դ֮ǰֻȫûϣܹػ֮ɱ䣬Խʮ𺣵ġ
˶ܻɣṳ̂ʥ֮ǰҩܲܽƾػ֮ʮ𺣡
Ȼ֮еķ磬Ǹ֪Щ˼ģʵϣȻȷǱűضܹɹͷ̤𺣵ģȴҲ־
ʵϣֻȴһΣգ̤𺣣ֻΪֻӴ̫𣬲İסѡڣʧ˻ѹûпǹ
СħȴǷǳȷģʧˣħ֮һչҲ÷ȫˣȻ©ħ֮鷳̫֮УͲʲôţСħֻҲַľٶˡ
ָĻǿпΧĻ棬Ƿ磬Ҳޱȵĸֲֿܵѹ̫ԶиҪµĶ࣬ŵ˵һͨվҽеһʯϣʱڱҽɣҽӿµĴʯȴʱܱû
ǲڽ´ʯû֮ǰ뵽취վ޷ⱻɵĶˡ
ͷϵĺԽԽ࣬Ѿлӷͷϴڹ޽ӽϢκǱȻȴ·Ͳ֪һһ㣬Ȼվţ۾ûգһ¡
ӣЩͷʹԴŷһȴ˿ûηӣڻ̲סһ䣬ķ񣬼Ҳһ֮̾⡣
Ҳ͵Ϊֹˡ
ҡͷһ̤Żŷȥ۹Ȼĳķ磬ʱпܸ֮Уʱ򽫷𺣣ƺѾΨһˡ
һ̣ѾһиҩĴ㡣ڳ˵У־̬ȣпµĿػ֮Ѿҩˣ㲻·磬Ҳпһˡ
Ȼڳ׼ֵ˲䣬ȴȻһ˻֮󣬼̶Ļ澹Ȼһַ˼ٶγһĻ
˻𣡡
˻żֵͬ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ڷߵĻȫΣһת׽˽ʮ׵ķΧϵڷΧ߮ĻͬһʵķɴĽһв⡣
һ̣жʱһĨ˷֮ɫ̲סЦ˳
Ի뵽ģˮ飬ҪȫƸʵֻ
µ˲䣬ȫû˿ԥһĻȻһΧĻɿۣϢ֮䣬Ӳѳ
ȻȴȻǽһ˿âָȻΧٴηѣƬ֮䣬Ϊ̶ֻΪˣ
ڻ֮з˽ʮӣȫͣÿһһΪʵ£
Ƭ̵ıʣȴѾ˾Ŀɿڴˣֱ˿̣Ӷûȫת滹Ƶģ
֮ԴѾɵĳˣ˿̶ұ֤Լܲͬ˲Ϣ֮䣬۳Ļ˭һеСӣȻѹͲ֮ԴҲ˭Գ˵ֻⷬ÷Űһȥ
ȻҩԳ֣Ҳ̶ֳȣԶȷɵ̫࣬ǣҩǺεݣôĵ飿ңˣҩʥ۷ʵĵʦ磬ȴֻһ֮Դ׵İ벽ʥ׶ѣ
ַ𺳣ֱûݣһ̵ĳˣֱ͸ɵƵģȫ֪ˡ
˻𣡡
ٴηһţӲƿһͨŻȥڴͬʱҲٴ͸ԴϢ廯Ϊ⣬ɿЩȥ
ҲѾǷļˣ˾һһ޷ͻƣ־ǻĿƣʼ޷ɵھۡ
ſѹȴǷǳ׵ģԼĿػ֮վȡһЩɵģʲôʱܹ۳ھôƬ𺣾ٲܸԼ˿вˣпͻƶ֮ԴҲһ
һȴʵ̫ˣԷ֮ܣҲףٶʱڣԼǾ޷쵽һġ򣬰ŷӣֻǷҪһ۳ھŻᶯԽ𺣵ġ
һζڿػ֮ĸ򣬶ڷ˵ȻûдʵϵֱǶĿȴָһҪǣΪһƬµأ
ԭǿƵģһָоԼܹ۳ھʱƵĻѾֻǻˣ֮䣬κһĶơ
Щķ˵Щ̫ңԶеģҵҩ
һʦ޷ȣԷԸȫԼĻó޷鵤Լʵڶʱڵõһֲֿ
ȻǵһҪһʦҲûʮİգֻһһѡ

ҩͬҲܵ˷۰֮ʱĶ΢΢üͬʱͬչĿ˷Ӱҩ־ĿҲΪ֮һ
ػ
˶ֱܹػ֮⣬Ϊʦҩϲ
ֻǣȻʵҲһֻа벽ʥ׵Сӣôӵ˿ֲĿػ֮ǣǰ벽ʥ׵Сϣ͸Ŀɲǻ֮Դػ֮ȫɵ֮
һɲǼ䣬ҩҲףΪʲô⼸ʼղӰˣҲ׳˵ˣһ츳Сӣȷʸ࿴ˡ
ȻһֻصϵҩһɲǣҲ˼ͽ֮ôĿŷһĬı£ŵģȴľκˡ


ľ ʮһ ӣ
·ʮ㣬Ȼ𺣣ÿһ綼ߵļΪػ֮Ͼܵģÿʱÿ̷綼ȫע뾫ľѰģ𺣣Խ룬¶ȱԽߣ̫ŨҲԽߣƽ˼ּѡ
Щ֪ҩҲͬķ
ʮľ룬ڷ˵Ƭ̼λȷ£ҵҩڵķλҲʲô£̶̲ʮӵʱ䣬ȻҩǰֻǣȴҲֱӴչȥҩҵľ룬ͣͬʱŻǰУֻΧԼһС
ҩϡӳ˵ĳƺϣжϳƺҩ˵ӦøΪ׽ԶԶĹףʵԶԶ˳ȥ˿ͻأ
Կػ֮ʹ·Ҳѵã˵ɡԵͷҩڷԸһ䣬΢΢һѹĻʱΪһƣ赭дĿһɾ·ȻҲ޷ֺ赭дĿػ֮ȴԶȷ̫ˡ
лҩϡ΢΢һȻһЦȴ־ɢȥ˻Ųҩ·Ϸ˹ȥ׷˶ڻĿƣҲҩһ־ε̬ȡ
Щ˵򵥣ʵϣҪһȴΪѵõģҪ֪Է벽ʥ׵ʵǿػ֮ͲߵɢȥһпػֶΣȴȫҩϡ
ֻҪҩԸ⣬ֻɢΧ̫Ŀƣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ڷٴοס֮ǰյҶʣˡ
ܹߵһģһĸ׾ͽ˵УǺպǰмܵ
ȻľٶЧҲ֮ģ˶ȻҩĮҲлͣȻǼΪ̬ȵġ
˵ɣѰϷк飿Ѿ˼ͽ֮ϣҩȴҲȻһӣһĵĮ
һȴǾԲܴģٴһ񣬷ſڵ׶ԵΪԵɺ֮£˴ڿػ֮ãһóȻǰԸҩΪʦϰҩϳȫ
û˿Ŀ׷ϻһڱǿżɽ˵⣬Ϊ³çȻʵϣȴǷȨжϡ
ҩΪʦƽֻѾϰα׵ף̫γɵĻ֮Уǻ¸ûֻ꣬ƽױҩˡ
ĿżɽڳһֿܻҩĺøУֱЩ³ç˵˼ˣҩȵʦ͵ġ
˵ͬʱҲͬ˻⻰̲סаһҩߣȻҩӵģֱӿڣǺܺҩƢԵġ
΢΢һҩ漴ϸĴһ·磬ſڵԴʱ̤ʥ˰ɣ
ҩ۹Ƕĺܣһ۱Կ״̬
ǡͷȴȫȻûаԥģԻشո֮бͻˣֻһҪϰʶԼѹΪ
û˿αĻش𣬶ʱٴҩ˼ֺøУ΢΢ףȻָػ֮Ҳףٵ֮֮ԴزǱдɵĻ֮ԴȻȴ֮Դһ֮Դ֮ǰѹΪͻʥףף
Ըڡüͷûһ£ɴĴӦʲôЦĵǼٵģǿѹΪȴǼٵģһԴο̤ʥף
ֻЩ˼ҩȴǶ֪ģҪ֮ԴͼΪѣҩڿػ֮϶Ѿ裬ȴȻû֮ԴǱȻڻ֮Դϸ̫ͣ״Ҫû֮ԴɣȻ֣ҲԲһһϦɵģôһ飬ֻ¾꣬ʮȥ
Ѱ벽ʥ˵ʮʲôǣһʱ̤ʥ׵˵Ըĵȴʮҡǿɾͷǵдǻ۴ˡ
벽ʥʥףƺֻа벽֮ңȻʵȴ֮
벽ʥȻˣʥףȴøˣңҲ˵λϵĲ࣬ʥ׵ʵΣĿܾҪСĶ࣬벽ʥףȴʱΣա
Զ˲˵Ƿʥ׵ʵ̫Ȼвȫˣģֻа벽ʥףһֱӱɣĸɸɾ
ҩǺεȶ˵֮ʱһֱעŷıһ˵ڣȫûаܵģַģ̬ȣҲòˡ
ȻˣӽϷӣʲôʱ֮ԴɣϷˡһ䣬ҩɴĴӦĵӣȻӣҲǼΪ͵ģ⾳ȥʱ򣬸ϡ
лʦҩ⻰һ統¶һϲ֮ɫ
ˣϷϲ˶񣬺úø֮ԴɣһһжȻԵͷҩ΢˼һ£漴ָһһСƿҩʱŷ˹ȥǻ鵤֮ԴĪҪи
鵤Է粻΢΢һ֮ͣǰϹ˵鵤ֻи˻֮Դ֮󣬲ô
ֻǣȷ˵˱ЦΪ͵ɲȥЩ鵤ҩƣڸ֮Դżĺô֮һ꣬ӦԸ֮Դˡ
һ˸֮ԴϢҪǴȥһƿ鵤㲻֪ҪεȿֲѪȷˡ
ҩⵤʦͷȻǰ׽еģֻһӣֱʣʱ÷һ˷ܣһ·ļѣˣ˷Ļرˡ
ԼԼ֪ԼҲżǿţû̫УҲžԵİڲһʱ֮Դ鵤ֻʱ䣬ҪСˡ
ˣΪʦҪоˣտ֮ԴɡڷԸһ䣬ҩ˼㲻ˣ˵ֻصǴ˿׷󣬼Ƿչֳ츳Ҳġ
ת֮䣬˼Ѿȫŵ˶ֻصо֮ϣˮݣѹָο˷ȻʦʵҪƳֻصҲͬͷǧ˼·ˮݵĵһѾ˼ڤ룬ˡ


ľ ʮ ӣ

ͻأ˲Ϣ֮쳹һʱ䣬нĵӶλפ㣬˷ܵĿ򽣸һյĽιȻеһЩҲѵõ͸һ˿֮ɫ
ӣڽһΪĴڣսĹأֻееͻƵʥ֮ʱŻ콣ʾнӣнһµĳϡ
񣬽ͻȻ죬ʣȻеͻƵʥףڶϽʧһʧص£ڽ˵ν֮һѵõǿļ
Ȼֻƽգ޷Ǿڵ˷һ£ڻЩеĳҲͬڴ
ȴͬ˶ǳһڽչأ⽣ΪǸˣǸֶԶǶһʥǿôˡ
˶ھȴţΪڽ󣬽ӳ˵һ⣬ʣµģɸոͻƵĵ죬仰˵ܹý£ȫ콣ӵĵʵ
ӣûô죬ÿһײų㹻Ľ⣬𣬰չܹǼΪѵõˣ̤ʥ׶ǿߣͨҲʵ
ո̤ʥ׵ĵӣײڶӡ

û˵ȴ̫ãһδ£һڴͬʱŷģһɹ᳹صĽ⣬֮У˶ܹ׸ܵȻ⡣
ݷʦô
վ䳡ڶལӶȻֹͣ˷ܵӵķλͷӶĲ²ײӵӵݡ
Ӧǣݷʦ֮ǰͱչزͻʥײŻأӣпܾݷʦְ
ᵽݷ磬ЩӸѣǸ֣ѾΪ˽е񻰣ڽ󣬻˻ĳϲмǣᵽǸһףֱ̤벽ʥ׾磬һһܾͬδһܵݷ綼Īĳݡ
Ҫ֪ڰ벽ʥ֮ʱݷѾˣɱʥǿߵļ¼֮ͬУȻĪ֮ܣûݷгŹʮУţѾԶԶĽ˶׵һ˿֮Ķˡ
еӷͻ֮ʱ۶ԷжˣжֻҪݷڣʹδԹ

Щ˵֮䣬ȻҲͬʱʾţһͻƵĵӣǷ֮ǸոͻҲ԰Ѱʥǿˡ
ˣҾ֪϶ݷʦ֣
˵֮ǰǺȷĻôŵ𣬴˾ѾȷˣпҪͻʥ׵ıûмˣܹˣĿܾݷˣϾͬǱĪѾȷ֮ˡ
𼱣ݷʦ֣ӿɲֻΪȻƲƲ죬е֮Ŀڡ
ո̤ʥףһӸײڶӣ죬ѾζͻƵӾųʥ۷ǱˣǣЩӵУݷͻƵĻȴȻֻң˶Ųɡ

·Ϊӡ֤ǵӵĻһ̣ȻҲͬʱţͻ֮˵ݣ˵죬ҲȫȷĻôѾ֤ĽʸýӳĵӣҲֻݷһˡ
˵ݷʦ֣켸½ӣȷݣڶӣ֮ĵȼԽһýĵӣҲʮ֮ȻȴȻûΪݷļޡ
ɡԥһ£һ̽Ų²˵̤ʥ֮ʱҲݷʦ̬ƺȵŻǿӦɡ
ҲһŵҲͬ޵аҿݷʦųƽͲˣҲʥ۷ǿߣ궼ûԳֹء
Щִͣʱ򣬽ι֮£һЩϣͬŽӣֻ֮ɫŪ
½ϣ˵Σݷý
ģǽĴݷǱЩӸĶࡣ
ϡЦһ£½˵񿴵ݷ統ͻƣȴǲԾٴĪԣĪԵʵͻʥ׵ĻҲпýɣ
˵ݷ⺢ӣûпýӾ죿һֱĬͻȻڣȴǶʱЩҲͬʱʧˡ
죿ƺʷܹһģҲֻнʦһ˶Ѱ
ݷȷǿǣܿʦô
ţ˵أһ£ڻ̲סʵ

𣬽ȻΣֻһ֮ңˣݷҲƺѾˣһ֮£δײͻƿɾͼûпˡڳЩ϶ײӵģȻйؽڣ뵽ݷֻ죬δҲЩʧġ
ϧˣǶݷ绹̫ˣѾܲˣƺҲֻѡ
΢΢ҡͷ϶¶һ˿ϧ֮ɫȻȴ·ûܵ˿ӰѣֻǾĿŽӵλã¶һ˿Ц⣬΢΢ҡͷڵƺݷ⺢ӡûжɽ٣
⻰һ½ڣ˶Щɵˣ֮ǰһֱΪݷͻ֮Ѿ뿪ɹ٣ŷײ콣ʵϣһֱнӴҲģǣݷ磬һȴһ
һֱڱչ֮Уݷȴû뿪ͻ֮Ҳûжɹ٣
·ΪϽŵĻһ̣ϿȻ۳һƬֲĽƣ
ֱһ̣˲žķ֣ݷ羹ȻĻûжɽ٣һ˲𺳿ɾֲ̫ˣΪݷߣҲһ
Цûжɽ٣ζţݷȻֻǰ벽װ԰벽׵ʵ죿Ҳ̫˰ɣ
½Ѿһٶݷ߹ˣһ̣Ҳûҧͷδɽٱ죬ԭǲ̫߶̫ô
ڲ֪֮䣬ݷ˵ĲѾȲľˡ
߿֮Уݷ絥ֳֽƽյĽƣȴȻ˿ɫȻѾʥ֮ǰļôôʼɣ
˲ݷȴף֮ǰ죬ʵѾﵽʥ׵ĳ̶ȣΪ̤ŽĽ⣬ƾ벽ʥ֮Ҳֻ죡
̤Ž³̶ȣѾ˰벽ʥļޣֻ̤ʥ֮󣬲ܴǷ⾳
˼뷽һս֮ݷصչôãҲԼĽԲ͸ǰҲ㹻ʥˣ
Ƴɣݷһ˿⣬ԼĽ⣬һָ죬Ϯϣ
ûһֵĶԣеĽݷΨһĵ


ľ ʮ ˭
Թٱ̸ɫĴڣ֪ж֮£˶̾ϢЩ̫Ϊٵǿȣ˶죬Խ츳ѵţٵٱԽֲ
󲢲ȱʥǿߣѰĵӣҲ̤ͬʥ֮ʱ٣Ȼһε٣һʼ㾶еһЩΪ־ģֱӱ֮ѹĹڵأɫ
δǿ޷ǽеļҲͬʱɫ䣬ڵһʱ䣬˻ڴ
ݷҲδ˿ԥһ̤֮߿֮УһϮ棬ָ񷣬ȽƷ콣ƣϮ֮£ȻҪֱӽ顣
ݷ˵ĶɽٷʽǵһΣҿҲһΣУʥѾ۷ˣȻݷУʥȴ˿ظУΨнļ²вĵ
䣡
ף𣬷磬ңƵ֮£ңӦ˴ǣǳɼα˵ǰ벽ʥˣͨʥǿߣ˷֮£ֻҲ֮֡
ֻǣˣݷҲδ˿ָһҲûаƫƣɲ֮䣬ХȻӭף𣬷ٶȥ
¡¡
ÿһƶԱʥǿߵȫһ֯տտﵽԱʥǿߵĳ̶ȣѰİ벽ʥףֻ»ҪѪˡ
ȻǽûľȴӲٳ飬ӭϣֲ췣⣬ңҲǽһݷ֮ͬУٴ
˵ֲֵ٣ݷȴֻǴԼһѣѾˣһֿľǣʥ۷ǿߣҲδܹ⡣
ܷ񣬵ݷȴǳһľԲֹһˣʵϣݷУĵɫǶûУǾ͸ʸȼ磬ʸΪС
ԶĲ˵٣ݷţǸ˼йһ֮Եĵ۽˷磬һܹ
Ƭ֮䣬ף𣬷ϴĽͬԡķһ㣬ų貵Ĺâٶȥ
һ˿âݷ
֮壬ʣٵǿԽܻõĺôԽ࣬ݷУĻᣬԶȥһЧĶ࣬θ׷Ź
һ˲䣬ݷ˷ӰǷɽ٣ֻǺεȵĿֲ
ݷӱưһ֮ͬδһܣΨ˼뷽Ľ֮Уһ˿ܸУȻϣһսʤˣǣȴǳǲֻǷΪ˻ɱѪħĲֶѣǵಫӮ֮䡣
ʱŲֻף벽ʥ׵Ĳ࣬ʥ֮󣬺׾Ĩƽκ˶Ȼܹ̤ʥף˵뷽ֳʤʱҲʥף
֮лúôԽ࣬պһսʤİվ͸󼸷֣֮Ȼ
ŵ˵˼һս֮󣬷ѾΪݷΨһԼĶ֣вԶЩʥǿ֮ϡ
֮ҲѾˣ˭ɵӣƳֵʱнӾͶѾˣԭ֮ǰĲ²һЦһܹ켸£˵һ⣬ҫݷǰЩ㲻ʲô
ûжɽٰ԰벽ʥ֮죬ײ켸½ӣûʲôˡ
֮ѾͣЪڿжɽٵݷ粻ײӣ˭ָ˵ݷֻʵ
ڻڴ֮УҲܹͬܵٵĿֲκһȥֻ˲ϢŲˣݵݷ磬ǸܵĴ˵
û˻ݷܲܶɹֲ٣нΨһͷǣݷ̤ʥ֮ɻ˭ݷ棬պ˭뽣棿


̫İ֮Уͬһ㣬̫ȫȫڻ֮Դĸ֮Уȫһϵ
Щ̫ǷԼȥģڳ˵Ŀ֮£ͲлܹӴ塣
콣ſҲǰ׽еġ
ķ콣ˣȴѾĿɿڴˣȻֻصо֮еҩҲѣŵĿǻ֮жķ磬֮Դɣǵʦû˱Ϥ֮Դˣһ۾ܿʣۻ֮Դɹװ
ǣŶã죬죿ǻ鵤Ҳ಻ŶѰôܴﵽַ˼ĳ̶ȣ
֮Դģѵһţл鵤ٲҲüµʱ
Īǣʵڻ֮ԴѾ˺⣬ֻһˣܹ鵤̫ĻѸͻô
΢΢ҡҡͷҩҲͬ²⣬Ͼݷ֮ǰ˵϶ѾоõĻ֮ԴˣˣҲѾܿɹˣֻҪ˻֮Դǿ鵤ҩҲаնѳһ֮ԴɵĵʱԼ²Ҳ˴ˡ
һɣҩҲûڷ϶ͣת۾ٴλصֻص֮ϡ
۾ȻţȴһƬ峺֮Уһ̣Щ̫Ҳ޷ʲô˺ˣȻⲢֻΪ˻֮Դԭ򣬻ǿػ֮֮Դ֮ʱػ֮ͬ޸֮ˮ޷о裬񣬽Ż鵤˻֮Դȴ÷Ȼķ˸á
˵ػ𲢲⣬ȻڵĻҲͬƿأ
籾ţͷ̵ֿҪ֮£Ҳܾͷ㹻ľΪ֧֮£һѾΪ˱ܵķӦȫû˿Ѷȡ
˵֮ԴѾΪѵˣǶԷ˵û֮ԴѾʼȻػ֮໥ӡ֤ˣһȻӴһЩѶȣͬһͻƻõĻرҲͬǳɱġ
óҩ֪ٶȣǷػ֮໥ӡ֤ĽĻֻ·ǵöʼɵѪɣ
Цһ£ŷϲµ̫𣬳üͷȻС̬ѾһּĴˣʱҲһֱڼŰ
ͻȻ䣬˵ˣǸķзĽݷ磬˵Ҳ˲ţֻ֪ǰСһ˭̬һЩ
뵽⣬ЩϧҡҡͷϰѾעˣС˵Ҫĵ·ΪսǴҪģ˵Ǹݷ絹ǸûнĻˡ


ľ ʮ 罣
˫ָڱ䣬·ûгֹһ㣬ݵײ˿̻κζô̤֮УԾɷڲֹĽơ
һĻȻ˾ˣǿٰ̤ʥ֮ʱ췣Ȼһһǰȴ·һЦӲ֧֮˽һʱݷȴԽԽȫûаɫڣˣôĿŽƣҲʵ̫ԵЩɣ
ʲôֶûóħôޱĿŽƣݷ絭ڵ罣Ⱦ㳾ħ٣㽵ô
򵥵һ仰ȴ͸̫Ľ벻м٣ݷҲ˿
֮ǰٲϽ£ȴ뽣ⶼһֽԲĳ̶ȣֽҲ޷ɰвսôֶܲһԣⱾһӡ
˳ôֶҲκβҷֺݷš
ʵϣһݷԤϣһʱֽѵĺҲܹͬоѰֶѾκβݷˣȻ˵ʹɢȴʼղģļһôɵ̤ʥס
Ľŵģħ٣
˵ΪֲΪѲħ٣ȻǾҲûаְܹ˳ɹħ٣
ħ˵٣ǱĽѣҪսʤҲֻԼѡ
ǣ˵һ֮УսʤĿ¾ԼˣңԽţѶȾԽߵĶࡣ
Ȼݷͬһ仰ȴֱһ˿Ļᶼˡ
ԳɵһݷʼδһܣΪΧûֵ׷ϵĶ֣ҪսʤˣһֱֻԼȻ̤Ž۽߾նԾݷ˵ҲһԽԼĻѡ
罣ĸ֣˵򵥣Ȼʵϣȴɾݷѵдա
ûûǣңҲûи飬ֻһУ˵Ȼɣ罣նһ谭罣ֱ汾ģħ֣罣еҲ㶼ٳΪ
ݷ磬ȻҲֱܹͬĲ䣬ľȻǿȴиɻ
Ȼħ٣ҲͲݷа㶯ݡ
䣡
·ܵݷĴ̼Ʒӿ㾡ȫһħ٣ΪһٵĽ
һ˲䣬ݷ˵ʶҪȥһжԱģԳһһߵǿֻ˱ʣŭһжԳΪݷ糹޵Ԩ
飡
ǻһˣܹͨħĿ飬ҲȻҪʱʧʶʹ뿼
Ȼʶ˲䣬ݷ磬ô򵥵Ĵӿ³һ֣ͼظ췭
ɲ֮䣬ݷ϶Ϊһ޼᲻ݣﲻƵĽ֮£ȻǼγɵħҲͬ˲䱻飬޷Ӱ졣
罣
ĸ֣ݷɲֻ˵˵ѣʵʵĸڹǰ
ħ
ɹħٵķʽδţɲ֮䣬Ȼ˲ħ٣ֱ˿̣֮еĽƶûɢ
Ϣ֮䣬һɰȻ֮ŷݷʵ֮ɱļһԷʥ
콣ޱݷÿһ缡ÿһιÿһѪһ˿֮УȻֻƬ̣Ȼԣݷ˵ȴ֮
ʥף
һʥ£
зһХ֮쳹أֻǽΧǧڣ˶⽣֮һɲǼ䣬ڽĻڴУ˵ӶܹоԼ彣Ĺ·ӭһĽ֮
֮ߣ͸һ˿֮ɫЦ̾ϢһȴһĨο֮ɫ벻֮꣬ҾȻܹ硣
ʵϣֹǽнжޱȼ
޽ߣȻ޵ǿߣȴʼûֿ۵ǿ֣߳˵ǿϰ֤Ҳǽ
۳޸ҳƵߣ˭
Ȼ֮ǰʵҲǴڹλǿߵģȻңɼϹʱһ֮ҲֻһλߣΪ䱾Ͳ̣ͬʱλߵĴڡ
ýʹǣ֪еĵҲûһλԽ֤ģ
µĽֻһ˵˵֮ߣܿһп̤ΪĽۣ
ݷ̤ʥ֮ʱȴվֳףһ֪⴫˵ˣܹ
䲻ͬʱλߣ۱޾գĪǣݷչֳ֮ˣǼӵۼô
޾ǿգǿߣۼǺ֮ǣȴҲò۵ǿǸ޿սʤ񻰣Լȥ̽޾ǿգǿ֣ܹ䣿
ݷȴȻпܳΪһĵߣǴδֹĽۣһжܹʵ֣ô»˭뽣棿
һλۣý겻Ϊ죬֮еĵһˣ
ȻЩҲ̫ңԶݷȴȷǸһϣ⣬Ѿ㹻ˣ
Щϼһǵζӳ£ӵ˼Ҫ򵥵Ķˣǲʲôǽ֮ߣȴӰǸ֪ݷǿ󣬼Žֻǳʥףݷ磬չֳʵȴͼѾ԰ʥˣݵݷ簡
һʱ䣬ȻΪһƬֵĺ˶ƵĻȸԾ
Ψн֮Уһ˵г˸롭ʣ
ֻǣı鲻ҲֻάƬ̣ͬĻЦܿǿջЦҲòڳ̬ΪԴǸţݷĵܵܣ
Ƭ֮䣬ݷȻƽ˽Уɣ·һжûзһȻ̤ʥףҲû˿⣬Ƶᡣ
ʦ
䵽ŵǰݷ΢΢Ƿ˵
ãð벻һαչأ㾹Ȼ̤ʥףңһʥױǿƣȻΪʦң㣬ҲʤˣϲʤĴЦŴЦ˵
Ȼ⻰һЩųɷˣΪʥ۷ǿߣһʥ۷ǿУĴڣڵݷҪ⣬վǲĶ࣬ˣݷɽֻǸո̤ʥ׶ѣνǱޣ
ݷʵ֮ͬУһ˿֮ȼˣЩϼһǣò˶ãҲı˦ԶԶġ
΢΢ҡͷݷҲδأ٣һڣҲԱʤ
˵˭
Щˣݷȸˡ΢΢Ƿݷȴδ𣬾ôƽȥ


ľ ʮ еʧ
ݷ˵Ǹ۽ˣ
ֱݷԶ½Щȷ˵ûм磬ǣݷ˼۽˽֣޹ǴҶ֪ģ˵ݷ֮ǰıչҲΪ۽ˡֻǣݷɹ̤ʥףչֳ˿ֲʵȴ˶úںˡ
Ͼ벽ʥʥףңҪǣݷ磬Ѿչֳˣ֮ߣ̬ĵˣһ۽ʲôۿֲûǣû˹涨Ĵ˾һͬǿɣ٣ݷڣЩǾΪ۽ݷġ
ǣݷ֮ǰ̬ȣû⣬ݷӾˣָԴҶĹģЦ
֮£вй¶ȥ˱ϾĵߣͬӵıĪ⡣˼ҡҡͷɫصĿڷԸ
Ȼĵ˵ͷ϶ʱ͵ͬǳ
ϾϢһȥݷȻĵӣҪһ߶ɱѿ״̬ǿ߿ɾԲȻԽҲ˵һܻסݷ硣
οˣۿɻûأֻһҪɱˣ˭ס
ѽ⣬⽣ʧ飬û˸ݷ˵أһ֪ˣǡͻȻʲôһ͵һĴ˵
Ļû˵ȴҲ˼
ЩӣԴϷ飬ɲֻ⽣ʧιӶɱɱԴҲǱȻȥѾˣǰݷӣǨŭ֮£ֻҲûô׾ѹȥ
СѾʥǿˣֽɾʹˡ
ڣԴ񻹺Ļţǵֻ죬ñСͱˡ


һȣһɴĻ֮Դʱӷɢôڷߵ̫㾡ڣΧĻ棬·Ҳ˳
۾ϵϢΪʵ˻֮ԴܻǿȴҲʵһâ֮䣬͸һ˵ƣȻԳ˵ʵһ˲䣬Ҳ˼ֲ׽ĸо
лǰ֡ٴ¶һ˿΢Ц˵лЩӣǳ˻ţҪôͻҲǲܵġ
ҩϵͽܣ㱾ҵְ𣬺ο˳ֶΪ˶񡣡ܲ⣬Ƿ̬ȴվ˸˼ֺøС
̧ͷɨһҩλãЩʵʦεҪʲôҩ
ϵҾͲ̫ˣֻǣˮءʼ磬˻벻Ŀ˵ҩϳһڵϵѵǷ켫һãȻǾ춯ص鵤պȻлϰõġ
ҲʦһӶѣЩ֮ˡЦһ£һεĿڵ
ʲôѵ֮ԴһأѾˣĲʱ⡣ڷźܴøУ˵ǲʲôӣЦ˵ҩڣ鵤ѣҲ԰ѵ֮Դˣοҿ츳ҲǾѣҩƱ֮ġ
Щû˵˼ȴѾ֪ˡ
νӣϼһӶѣͻȻһ츳Сһ̵ΪӣǶ಻ÿ˼壬ζɾͱСһ츳ҪҩĵӣĶ࣬ȾҵĿ˵ɡ
ȻҩҲû뵽ô̵ʱ֮ԴһأȻϻǼӣʵϣȴʮʮѾҩѡĴˡ
ˣ̫࣬úǣ˻֮Դ֮ԴɿɻԶ鵤ԼҲüӱŬǡķļ򣬳˻벻Ŀڵ
˵⣬һ죬Щϧ˵ϧˣ㱾ԴѾǿˣ˻֮Դһ̤ʥף׻ԴԴ֮ʱʵ֮ǿȻʥ֮УҲѵ֮֮ͬУжְ
⻰ɲǵķܣȷǳ룬ʵƾ֮Դ⣬ݺ죬Ϊʥ۷嵱Ĵڣ츳֮ϣǱպʵֻ»ҪԽϧһΪҩĵӣǱоʵȻܹʥ۷壬սɾԶ޷ˡ
飬ֵñʧȫ
ȻĸпҲǳһʱϾһʦĵλԶҪʥ۷ǿ֮ϵģߵģҲòԳս


ľ ʮ ¯
Ż鵤ǲԾһĨЦ⡣
˵֮ǰҩʦֻǲ²Ļô֮Դȫ̾ˣһ˵ҩͣȻҩѣҲаնһ֮Դɳ⻰ŷȻʵϣȴУһʦȷֻǣԸԸѡ
ο籾ţȫҪ鷳ͬǶٴŻ鵤˱ٴγ˶ڻ֮ԴĸС
˻֮Դ֮ԴɣеĲɾʵ̫ˣĲ˵ֻҪ뷽Դ֮󣬾˶ټѲԴɱܹˡ
ŵ˵ûл鵤ȻǷʵֻҲ֮пɣϾ̫Ȼǿȴվ޷ֵط⡣
Ҫ̤֮츳־Щȱһɡ
ȻܹõҩϿɣⱾѾһΪѵõĻˣ˿ȽĻ
Щ鵤̺Ĳ֮֮Դҩڻ֮ԴĸЩΪĵزЩֱӱգӡָ֤֮£ȴ֮·̫ˡ
ͺҪһżΪѸӵ书һûʦֻܰؼȫƾԼ츳ȥ򣬶һˣȴһΪĵʦһһʽʾ
˵츳һˣٶȻҲԶˡ
ȻӹţĻᣬҪͻҲͬҪʱǣڷ˵ȴֱǴһ
֮䣬鵤бԴ֮㱻ڻ֮ԴһֲֿٶţΧ̫ɾõĸֻҪڻ֮Դϵĸ̾Щ̫ӻ֮Դһʵֱһַ˼ı̬
ԭΪֻ֮ǰ۹ˣź˵ͻƸ˻֮ԴĳˣȴǸˣڷԱߣû˱ζʲôҪ֪ǹϼ츳ǣ֮Դٶȣķ磬Ҳʮֹ츳û鵤Ѿܿˣοķ磬ҩλʦܣͲò鵤⣬ֻҪ޵ķá
죬Ƕ̶ʱ䣬ڻ֮ԴϵʵѾԱ벽ʥ׵еǿˣɣڵĺĵӣڷʹû֮Դ£ܲܳŵ
꣡
ԶҩڵλãȻ͸һ죬漴ֻҩɫǱĶһ㺮˪ӻ𺣵з˳
ˮڣķʽֱ̫ˣҩѾǳСˣǧֵںϷʽҲڻǹһǱʵǿᣬˮɵĽɾͲֻǱһˡ
ɫĽĿת򷽴ķԭҩҵڽѵһӵģֻôһȴǲûаҩűô̶̼ʱ䣬ϵĻ֮ϢȻѾʵ̶ֳȣ֮ǰҩֱţڼǰŸոո˻֮Դ
ô£ԥһ£ҩڻǺ˵
ԴЩεķ˷ۣ˵ҩϣǼ񵽱ˣСֻ¸ţٶò˼ܳɻ֮Դˡ
ҩѾ׼ۣҲȻһ˵ǷǳģǸЩŵĵӣҩ⣬Ҳһ䲻ѣܹһ󱲣ֱˡ
ò˵ȻҩѾһ˵ֻصϣ˳ɫı֣ҲǼΪĵģܹõôһ츳ѵĵӣҲһ
һȣ
ͻȻ֮䣬ҩУȴȻһΪµͷ
ˮڣǼɵģȻһܷʽȴǴûģֲֻֿ츳ȴǲȻı˳
Ϊ¯ˮ
Ҫˮںʵ̫ѣǣԹͬʱˮԴǿߣҲûгֹġ仰˵壬õںֻ֮ҪĿƵõ˵ˮˣԪȫںϣγֻҲǲܰ
۵ֻرԴ˵ں˶ֱԴ֮γɵô
ֻǣΪ¯ģ鵤ô
һ˲䣬ҩȴȻͷԭ˼·һ򿪣ͷ͸޷ˣΪ¯ܾΨһİ취ˣ
ңΪ¯ڵˣʥµĴڣһ̤ʥף˷壬Ҳ޷ںԴﵽЧˣ
ǣʥµˣֱܹԴںϵѹֻ»δںϣֱӱű˰ɣ
뵽⣬ҩüͷֲȻ˿γһᣬеܶ
ҩϣûܹԴİ취˵СӣԴ֮ԴԴ̤֮ʥףж̬ҿǽǸݷҲδʤСһ˿֪ҩתͷȻЩ˷ܵ˵
֪ʦĵλһЩǣܵģ츳Сһ̲뵽սȥУֻ޳һ춯صǲǲ츳
˵ģ⣬һ仰ȴȻҩٴһ
ǰѰİ벽ʥǿ϶޷ֱܶԴںϵģǣ緽ţܹԼڶʱڸԴ֮أټԼĸܹں͵ѹأ
ŵΪ¯ֻصĻôֱԴ֮ʱںϣ񲻾ֻص֮ʱ
ȻֶΣվǽģ벽ʥ׵ǿҲǸִܼܳɵıԴ֮ǿںϴѹʱΪ¯ĴڣȻǸʱֻҪںϳɹֻصԳɣ¯Ҳûдڵļֵˡ
񰡣ҩԼҲ׵ĸо뷨ķȻɷϣ뷨ȴ˲ѪҺǿֻص񵤰Щ̵ƣַôƳ
Ȼôһ¯һƳɹֻصɾܹһӵֻرԴĳǿ߰Ĵڣпٴ̤λȡ۳Ϊһĵ߰
ջ˭ܹܾǿǣһλ߰Ϊһʦ׳٣ȻҲԺЦ˰
ʣ׳ٱȻǧţΪĴ档
ɲ֮䣬ҩѪҺʱʥ۷ǿߵ־Ҳ޷ջһ˲䣬Ŀ䵽˷ϡ
ܹΪ¯ţҲûˣңţǸļ̳ˣȻʦݣҪֵ¯Ҳǲܵģ
һˣҩ򷽴ĿʱǰӣĪѵ¯ѡô


ľ ʮ ҩľϣ
ԥ
ԳΪʦһҩûٲԾϵԥԭΪԼԣҲͲˣǣһ̣ǰոµļӣҩȴٴθܵζ
ҩӱͲ֮ʵϣʱĮˣһ֮ϵĸоΪֻص˵ɱһˣɱһʮҩҲգһ۾ǣҪɱȴԼĵӣȴǽȻͬİ
Ȼ˵ҩĶԷжĸ飬νʦͽϵҩҲƨ㣬νĵӣüͷһ£ֱӾɱˡǣȴһӣȻֻǼӣչֳ츳ȴҩʮʮİգܹ֮Լһѧȥ
ţҩһҲûοԪ£ӣֻ±㵱治һܹԼ²ˣһѧѵͶͲɣ
ҩУֵǮʥǿߵҲֵǮǣһпܴԼ²Ĵˣǿɾˡ
֮ǰҩѾãһѧڣԼвƸһеһжӣԼΪһʦ򵤳ǣȻ֮⡣
ǣһУڸոͷǰ·Ȼʧɫˣ
ֻص
ǿɸ컻أһߵ񵤰˵һʦ룬ԤڣֻҪƳ񵤣ȻҲ˼ǵԼ֣ǧŰ
ǧţ
ĸ֣ҩе˾ϣ
ûӲɱһжڣҲԼһѧٴһѣ£˭ܿ϶
ǣһƳֻصǾǧţûдˣϾ˴Σ
һˣҩȶ񣬽ȫ˼ˣӦô¯֮ϣϾҲֻһƳɹ뷨ѣҪʵ֣ǻҪʵС
һλʦ˵ֻҪ˿еķĶֻСѡ
ɨһ۳ˣҩȴҲûаԼ˼˵쳣ı鶼ûУ΢΢ͷôٴ̤֮У׼ˡ
ҩߵĳ޷쳣͸˵Ȼеķˣڶڻ֮ԴĸУֱо񶼵õһּˬ̲ס

бԴѾ˻֮ԴֻǣҪֱԴҲ鷳֮üͷҩڻ֮У
ǵʦҩҲϾȫܵģܹ֮Ƴ鵤ǿ鵤Ϊҩڻ֮Դ⼫Ϊ͸ѿıԴȴǰ㲻ģҲûҪҪƳѰԴҩòѣҪһڶʱڸԴǿžʵ̫ˡ
ԣһһֵĸԴ˼·Ͳԣ˫ֽ棬ҩüҡͷҪбԴҪľƽ⣬һعȥĸ޴̸𡣡
ֻأһƽ⣬ֻнбԴһƽɣпγѭתΪֻرԴ
һѶȾ͸˼֡
֪ҩЩ˼ֻ·ǵ÷˲ɣ˸һֱԴѾ൱̬ˣҩȴҪ÷һγбԴһǱ˴ƽֱ췽ҹ̷
ȻҲǶһ˵ڵʦԣһУǻΪ棬һвܱɿܣֻ뷨̫һЩѡ
һһγɣôֱڴһѭΣ


ľϣֱ߷һ飬һյ裬ô²ƷŲ裬ǰˣͷ󺹣Ϊ־Щˡ
⣬ǵɣ
̧֣ż䵭ĽֱߵĲ豭ᴵ˴һڣٽַ֮£ŵʵ
Ȼֻ赭дһ仰·𲻵˿̻Ȼǰˣȴǻ궼ŵߵӾˣǿ֪λӵӵģ˿ŭʵϣȴѾɱȻˣֻҪһش𲻺ãǺɣһ̣ԼԴͻҡ
ʥ֮ǰλӾѾɲˣһ̤ʥףַ֮
£Ǵˣ𷣣
а⣬ͬʱͷϴı֣ȴôҲ޷뵽֮ǰȻһĴŰ벽ʥ׶ʵϸմѪ
ָߵ棬Ƶȴ·ÿһ¶˵ϣã֣ͣˣȥɣ֮ڣɱֵϸҲ´ֻԴˡ
ǣͷ亹˳ȥȶˡ
Ρ㵹ĸɾЦһ漴ڷԸȥѣСԴ
αչ֮䣬Ȼô飬ʼδģȻѾ֪ˣǱ㲻ʲôˣ飬ȴ͸һ˿Ź֮⡣
һյʱ䣬Դ㱻˹ˣԴȴˡ
磬ҡ
ɡ΢΢ͷָԼԱߵӵ˵
ΧҲͬʱ֪Ȥȥ䵱㰲
ˣ磬̤ʥףôȥԽӣǵʥ֮ųײأ㲻֪ڴҶڲ£ʥ׵ʵײ½ءԴĸԼҲһ裬˷ܵ˵
ݷ磬ʣ꣬Ϊ֮ڵݷˣ
˵½Ӷˡҡͷݷ羲˵
֮ǰ벽ʥ֮ײӣǶԼһμ⣬̤ʥʥ֮ȥײȴǸģ˵֮ǰֻ죬һ˾̾ļ¼Щݷ˵ͬ塣
ǿϧˡЩϧҡҡͷԴ漴ЩĽ˵Ҳ֪ʲôʱҲ̤ʥ콣ӡ
ĬƬ̣ݷŻڵ⽣ҲûǸ⽣ˣһɱˡ
ݷûн͵̫ףԴȴݷ˼ģݷԸȥ񹬵ֻ⽣ݷУ⽣˾ǶˣҪԴԼеԺԴԼȥ⽣Դ·֡
ǸԴ⽣ˣȴһնɱƣҲǶԴһֱ
κ˸˺Դˣеݷŭһβ֣ǣһΣ˸ҴУɱԴˣݷ޷̵ġ


ľ ʮ Ը⣿
Ŀݷ磬һ̣ԴҲһ˿ů⣬ֻǣů˲䣬㱻ٴΰȥ
ˣʱ򶼻ֳԼİ֮⣬˽İκ˸жˣֻǣԴȴѾߵһͬ
һ׻˵Ǿħˣʲô飬Уһִ˼
һЦԴøʼ壬˵˵ȥΪȨߣǹҵһţʾֶεĹ߶ǵҺãﲻ⽣ûһѱʵٶȲǸ죿
ȻЩͷҲתһ£ȴǰ㲻¶ģڳһϲص̬
лл磬һŬģһ㶪ˡ
˵ܻǸɱְĽҲ֪תʲôͷݷͻȻʵ
⻰ֻſһʣȻԴУȴǲȻһݣת֮䣬ڴ潻ɣҪɱΣңҲ赶Ρ
ݷ׷ʣԴ˵ʲôˣãиڱû˸׶ҡ
ĿԴһۣ·ҪԴ˶һ㣬Ŀ⣬ֱȵΪ£Դһ̣Ҳһģķ
磬ﰡĿ̫ˣҿɳܲסͷðԴ˼ת֮䣬ȴҲûٰȥֲı׵ķϡ
Ȼ⻰һݷ統ջĿ⡣
һУʵ˲٣ֶ豭һڣݷ˵һ;һ˳ģӣĥĥҲǺ¡
͸ʵֵһᰡЦҡҡͷԴν˵
ˣûȻȥɣЩˡ²豭ݷ絭ڣȻֻһԵĽڣݷ˵û˸ɣԴ׵ܵҲҡ
磬ϢϢɣȻȥˡӦһԴȥֻʼҲδݷһĨʧ֮ɫ
ָߵ棬ݷȴȻһĨɭȻɱӰɱ֣٣
һߵľϺȻһӡƵ·
߳ȴӭ˸Ϲĳϣüͷ΢΢ȴȻһԡ
ݷ磬׼ȥģ
ɱˣĴӿ³֣ݷȻһӦӣ·Ȿ쾭һ㡣
ѾĿܣݷ˵ֵʱǳҲǱһЦҵСڰŸճأɱҪô󰡡
ųϣε飬øһұԼ֡ǳϵȰ֮⣬ݷ絭ģҪɱģǽˡ
㾿Ҫȥɱ˭˷ۣݷ粢һŭ֮£ҪǨŭˣȴǷĲ٣ϾҲǽϣߵҲݷһҪǨŭĻҲһ鷳ݷʵ治ġ
˵ɱ̤ʥףǾɡȻһ㣬ݷȻΪһ⣬δ䣬˱ʧ֮УһϮ͸ɱȻȴκ˵
̤ʥףûڽһ죬ݷٴе棬󣬺ŭһֻεȵѪȷ硣


ĳһٴ۾Ȼ˷ܣȻȴڻ¶һ˿ƣ֮ɫ
˵ľϾޣȻǷҲоһ˿⣬òʱͣһζ죬ʱ򷴶Ҳһ¡
ջΣ
ϵǣֹͣƬ֮ҩ˹ʵ
ʦ΢΢Ƿ漴Ļش鵤ЧȻ棬Ի鵤֮Դٶȼ죬¾п֮ܽԴˡ
ô΢΢ͷҩ漴Ŀڵڻ֮Դϵ츳治Ϊʦ⡣
лʦЩȣ繪ͬʱҲҩ˵ģϾԷ֮ǰҩĹ۲죬ΪͻӰӡ
ԴӦҲҪ˰ɣȻҩű˳
ʦӵԴѾˡһȴ˵ȫûаֱ˵˳ԴɹȻ𺳣ʱʵʵ˵ȴܹԼģ鶼Ը˵ȻǶԶԷûаĵı֡
ʵϣ⻰һǵĳ˻ҩҲȻһ漴¶һ˿εο֮ɫ
ãããһ˵֣ҩȴ̲סЦԴ֮Դɣһ̤ʥףʵպҲԳΪһˡ
ĵֻԸʦϰȻ̫ҩ˼ֱ湦򣬷ȴҲĺܣڳһϻ̳Ͽֵ
£ϷȻӣһ֮ԻڡЦеĵ˵ͷҩ׵ΪʦպĳɾҲδؾͽֻǵʦҲδ˷һ츳
ҩ⻰һǷҲЩͷˣԭ֮ǰǴ˼Ҫҽڣƭĵҩʵ⻰ҩ˵ζɾͲһˡ
ҩλʦӦ뵤ʲôϵôôԼȫȫ˵֮ϡ
̾Ϣһҩ漴˵ΪʦҪ˵ʲô
һ£ҩ˵Щ꣬ڵ֮ɣȻȴҲԽףĺ嫣ȻΪʦҲ֡ϧԪȴȻûʱоˡ
΢΢һ֪λʦȻѾ֮ʱת֮䣬ȴҲˣԼʦô׵ԭ򣬲ҩ˵Щʲô
Ҳȷ緢ʣҩԹԵ˵ȥΪʦȻҲʥ۷壬ΪȴõҩѳģԶܸһˣǣȴͬ˺õ츳УȻлʵϴȡԪڵ֮ϣҲߵĸԶ
⣬ǳ˻Ƿ磬ԼЩҩ˼ˡ
ΪʦգͻȻ뵽һַܹΪպɾʹҲΣѣԸⳢôƽĿŷ磬ҩ͸һ˿֮ɫʵ
һ仰ȴ÷͵һҩʦ˵ĻɾͲɵ֮ˣǶȻżյģοһΣԼҩΪʵô˵ЩΣѣһ·ڣʲôʱΣչЩȴȫûзϡ
뵽⣬ȴǶʱ˿ԥʵʵҩһ񣬡Ը⣡


ľ ʮ бԴ
ǳľ꣬ᣬ֮Ϣ
ЩÿһóһѪȷ磬ŵ˵һʥ۷ҲδõĳκһңЩҲֹһ㡣
һ㣬ɼ֤ҩĸˣʦĲƸǳܹġ
ȻЩǲ̫ģϾĸʵЩ̫ǳ˼ʱңҲܽһЩǣһ죬Щ㶼һĨˡӳ𺳵̬ϣҲܹжϳЩļֵˡ
ҩϣЩЩȫҪãȻǸҩߣڼ۽ѾԶڳ֮ˣôֱʣҲǱһֻΪЩϵ󣬻зĳ
ЦЩÿһϡ֮ȫѵһ˵ϣһʥ׶ûﵽСһϣ⣬ȷֱӳűô
ֹЩ·û𺳵ı飬ҩ赭дҡͷЩֻѣϻܶ࣬Ҵ֡
˵һ䣬ҩһ֣һƬĲϱѵߣЩȴ˰׶ߣһΣǷҲЩɵˣЩͨҲѾµˣοЩϿҲԲѰĻɫ
⣬Ҳ̫˰ɣ֮ǰʱ򣬳˾Ѿһ׼ǣЩʱҲǰ춼ûܷӦ
ࣿмĺһҩϷҪΪҵĵӿһǰ;Щʲô
ࣿʲôЦЩҩΪֻص׼ģ񵤣ȻٶĲʲôȻЩ˼뷽Ǹ֪ġ
УҩΪ˰ΪȻһóôĲϣ۾ûգһ£ǵ̾ˡ
ǷҲһ˿֮⣬ϾĿĿɲֶǼٵģҩ㾡ѪδЩȻ
Щ˼ЩҲǲ˵ģ۽ݵĸϵʵ̫󣬱ҩ̬Ⱥܺãǵ֪ˣݣ˵ת־пԼ
ֻǣ֪ΪʲôҩȴȻһֲĸо˵ԭȴƫƫĴڣΣȻģȴ÷ĵЩɵ
ʦ׼ЩܴʲôЧżֺ棬ڻ̲סʵ
¶һ˿Ц⣬ҩ͸һ˿֮ɫ˵бԴ˵ô
һ˲䣬ľʱбԴô֪ܲħ֮ҪڶطӡɾҪбԴģңǴɵбԴ
ϣжıԴбԴĻλ޿ɶҡģۿܻΪʦҪ컯бԴһ£ҩ˵ôԴɵбԴһ̤ʥףԺкεȿֲǱ
һ̣ȻǷҲΪ֮ˣ
ôûҪ֪ԭ뵱УǴ㾡ܵĸֱԴȻʥ׵İҲֻдﵽһпۿ⣡
ǣеѶȣǷֻҪҲδЩͷʹ
ҩȻô˵˳ҪԼбԴʵʥףŵ˵Ǵ컯Ҳֻĵʦ˷׳ٰɣ
һ̣ȻԷĶҲЩˣ
бԴο׬ˣϼһ֪ûݱ£ѶҲʵֲ˵㣬ǳˣɾռ˴ˡͬʱСħҲʱڷ
뷽磬СħϣбԴֻҪӵбԴܽ⿪ħ֮ĵڶطӡˣĻԵ
пôмΪΣվǱһ˿ǣʵ
⻰ҩҲСħ
ȻпܣȻһЦҩ漴˵İɣΪʦѾܹˣķʽԿܣȻҲҪԼŬ츳޷бԴҲǲеġ
˵棬ҩҲ͸һ˿֮ɫȻԷ۹Ҳ˿αװһ˵Уûа
ǿܵģԥһ£СħҲŽ͵ʦĴڣһֱһԴȵıΪ棬һвתΪܣĵʦ
ҩСħĽͣǷɻĵ˵ͷӶȻʦʧġ
һ˵ͬն
ôõĻᣬǻúðյĻǲԲˣҩľٶĿģԼȻҲȫƴ
ãķļҩ漴ڵ¶Ȼһ׼ˣߡ
̫
һ˲䣬ˣҪЩĲҪ̫𣬶ңǼΪŨ̫λõ¶Ȼǲ
û֮Դ֮ǰЩη壬񣬼̫ŨҲаȫˡ
ȻǶЩϵĴȴ·ģܿͽϷֺֻҩˡ
ˣӦŵߣͷһ۳ˣҩɫصĿڷԸ
ҩϷģֻҪڣСаΣաԭԷͺͣοķ绹ҩϵĴˣȻԥĴӦ
ȻʵϣԷڻ֮ԴĸԼػ֮ҲӦЩ̫ˡ
ĵ˵ͷҩŻ𺣸ȥ
һ·֮ϣеĻҩǰ·˳ͬһ㣬ȻǷ磬ҩݴݣҲһֶ̾Σܰ쵽ġ
һ·һɾǰ࣡
һʼ绹ã룬Χֲĸ£Ѿò÷ٴβٿس·ˣûпػ֮Ҳ޷档
⣬Ҳյ㣡
ô̫з죬ҩŻͣ˴ĻѾԼ͸һ˿ɫˣȻǷ磬Ҳ֧ŵļΪѣȻδ֣ȴҲȫעֻҪвԾͻȻֻסˡ
һ·ڳ˿ҲǶԷһμΪѶȵĶ͵ǣҩѾ˵ˣշ𣬷ҲǼԼԻ𺣣ԣǿߵ̬
Կ϶ֻҪ̤ʥףȻ£Σҩ˵ҪбԴʱֲֿĻ̤ʥףֽǺεȵĿֲ
ˣ
ɨһ۷ߵĻҩҲ¶һ˿֮ɫֳ츳ԽãԽпܳɹôĹҩȴǾԲʧܵġ
¶һ˿º֮ɫҩŷ˵ɢȥЩɣΪʦڣЩ˲㡣
˵ͷ絹Ҳɴ֮࣬ɢȥ˰վҩߡ
һᣬһὫЩϵҩڣԣҲҪ̫գʹ࣬ȴҪʶѣܰõô


ľ ڰʮ Դ
̫գѰˣֻ⻰ǵ÷˲ɣ
ҩһֱĶŷ۾ͼпʵľͻȻ˵Ļֻ֮УҩţûκԼǰѣֻҪһ쳣׵Ĳ
һΣ粢û̻ش𣬶΢˼һ£죬ڻǵ˵ͷƽӭҩĿ⣬Ӷ߾ȫ
˵ļ޴ʽ޷ܣ޷󣬵ǷȴȻʵϣпĴʽҲܹԶĲ˵ۣ֮ľٶһ˸ô
֮ԥΪΣʹ࣬˼ҩ⣬ȻҲмαװ˼ϾֽķʽҪһʹӦҲδЩ̫ˣܻöԷʲô˼
ôһԥŴӦ䵽ҩǡôŷִֿ񣬼ҩѾ˾ϣ˿ҲЩȻ
Ҳֻһţͱѹȥǰʱûκֻܹصȡ
ģҲֱӽ̫֮У벽ʥ׵ʵҲͲܳܵסĵ˵ͷҩż͵ЩҩһɴΪʦƻǿܳܵķΧ֮ڵġ
ҩֲҪֱ磬⻰Ҳ˵УҲܷΧ֮ڣػ֮ͣҲһˡ
ƾʦԸ鵽һ絹ǹ֮ģôҩҲҪӣôϡĲҩףοҲţԷʶԼݣôһ벽ʥףҲͲֵöԷס
˵Գҩʵһ·ϣҪɱ粻֪Ѿɱ˶ٴˡ
ǾͿʼɡԸ˽׼ҩͶ̫Уҩ΢΢һƬ̫𵱼ֿγһܹһ
һҲԥԾ˽ȥϥ۾һȫųԺ
ǿػ֮ʲôȫڣ¶˿ۼȻҲζţһеֿҪȥ̫Ĵˡ
䣡
ǵ˲䣬ҩָĵ㶯ȻڣȼЩҩͬʱҲһֻҩĿ֮ӵ˷ڵλá
ʹ
һɲǼ䣬ĸܵʹѾ˰벽ʥ׵ʵǷȫֶΣƾԼȼյʹҲԲǳܹġ
ȻǷ磬üͷҲȻֻȴȻһôĬĬĳʹࡣ
Υ˵ĸоһ̣·ֻصһգΪ˴ɱһ࣬Ӳڻ֮ݷ˰Сʱҵᣬһɱ
ʱÿʱÿ̱յĸо÷缸Ҳᶨʵ˺棬㼸Ѿȫòֶˡ
Ȼ̫յʹ࣬ҪѰȼ֮ϣķ磬ȴҲǸˣǿľ־ʹ࣬Ϊһ̿ͣѾϰ˳ܸʹ࣬־Ե侲
Ƭ֮󣬷ĸоһɵҩԼ֮У޲ű̫նֵƣ⵭ҩ·һϪˮ壬־ҵʹ
ܵҩǿ㣬ȷһֱԼܽܵķΧ֮ڣӣҩȷҪԼˡ
һʼҩ˵ľΪ֮һ䣬Ȼ棬ÿһ˿ҩ涼Ŀţһ뷽壬Щֻ̽ѣͲķܲ
ôʹ඼ܲǼˣҲǻãΪˣܰƳֻصҲΪһʦԼһѧ
ǳһԿĵսľģڼҲǼʶˣǣֱ̫壬ںҩķʽȴҲһζûģֻҪ룬ͷͷƤˡ
һ̣ͻȻһָоҩʵڰѷ統ҩʵ̫Ϥˣҩֻʱ򣬲Ż˵档
Լ䣬ƺоЩԣȴҲȫҲͷ
˫ֱŴ󽣣ȴҲֻܾôԱĬĬĿţ϶Ѿ׼׵ˣʣµľȫҩˣȫ岻֡
бԴȴЩˣбԴҿܻǴɵбԴܹõǳٶʹҲֵõġԼҲͬʱӵл֮ԴɵĽѾݺˣһӵбԴԼԴʥףֽǺεȵǿ
ʱһţϵвӽȥȻҩǷ綼ûа쳣·ͬȲԷһ򵥡
죬졭ʮ죡
ѾʼͷƤˣȻһȴȻûаҪ˼
죬ȴվǰЩȫȥʱ򣬼ٶҲȥҩˣҩϣѾһǰδеأǸҩô꣬ص飬ĴһֻҲĹˡ
ҩôѾͷĿʼʱˣǣһΣȴʵ޷Լ֪ȫﲻæȴҲǽŵһֱŷ磬˿ķɡ
ȥ
һ̣Ȼҩзһȣ⻪Ȼŷȥ
һ˲䣬˵ľͱҪκνͣҲܹףȻ⻪ȻҪϣҲбԴĸڡ
ǳľ꣬ᣬ֮Ϣ
ÿһΪ𺳣ȴһȫ˷壬ֻҪһƲãֻµܰѷű
˵һΣյʱ򣬴һ̲ʼ֮ǰһУҲֻ׼ѡ
ʹ
һɲ֮䣬Ȼܵһַʹ࣬Է־Ҳ޿ɿƵ巢һ˿΢Ĳʹ£Դݻ˵־ֱӱ飡
ľˮĺ䣬ȣĺأ
ͬʱӿڣÿһֶǿǵķӵԴһ˲ϢԽűˣֻǣˣʹҲˣԣˮݣҲ޷գ
סһҪѣĸԴ
ͻȻ֮䣬ҩĶϺȻ뷽ԺҲȻ÷˼֡
һ̣оԼٴλصּۣ֮ʹ֮Уý߾ȫĸԴеѶȣ޷óȡ
ңʱҲûκ·ˣܲס
Σ֮䣬һߵĳ嶯£һչħ֮ҲܹģôȥȴǸĻᶼʧȥ


ľ ڰʮһ һˣһһ
ӣǲӣ
һɲǼ䣬вԾıͷСħҲ̲סĵһ䡣
Ҳ˲䣬ӲߵͷΣһҪƴȥˣ򣬰Ĳߣ֪ҪãбԴ֮ھһɽÿʱÿ̶ѹڷϣòƴǴٴΣգҲϧ
Դ
һ˾˿ԥȫĵͶ˶ڱԴĸС
ǳľ꣬ᣬ֮Ϣ
ڣȻ˵÷ž޴ʹ࣬ȴҲͬΪִıԴ֮÷ܹԴ֮֮еΨһڡ
侲統͸оУ֮ԼʹСΪԼѾ˻֮Դֻл֮ĻԼͲܵʹܹ࣬ջ֮ƻ֮Դǣִڵƺ֮£ȴǷԼ޷ȥеˡ
һ˼Ҳ㷴Ӧ˹ֲһԼڣؾҪԼͬʱֱԴ֮ȫ򣬲ܿʼЩңٶȻҪ죬ǿҵʹ࣬ͿֱӽԼĨɱ
̫𣬻ִڵķɣΪ£Զܹġ
˾񣬷統׿ͷϾȥ룬ΪʲôҩһҪԼͬʱֱԴһһ
ˮ֮Դ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ͻԼڱ½֮ʱΣǿֲļʵˮ֮ԴһֱʽԼ֣ǱԼӦϺʵϣڸˮ֮Դˡ
ʱԼʵ̫ͲԴԣõĸʵ٣ֻӦ˼Ļֹˣ֮Աѩʥ޵ľȣֱˮ֮Դ
ôʲôˮ֮Դ裿
һɲǼ䣬·ֻصѩʥսʱֹĺ޽ӽȵĿƣͬˮһҳŷ־գԼƾѪƾֶΪѩʥޱӡ֮£ܵıԴ֮Ҳͬ΢֮Ǽ£ǲñԴָʲôˮ֮Դ
֮䣬㲻Ȼ뵽Ļ֮УȻĴڣҲ÷ܹʵĻ䵱ִеأϾƾôҲʵġ
һ̣·ѾһУϵʹҲˣֻǽȫ񶼳˶ˮ֮Դĸ֮Уʱš
Ҳ֪˶ãһͻȻڷĵһɲǼ䣬·ѩ綼Ȼ
ˮ֮Դô
֮䣬ĸܵĸоˮ֮Դ
һʹɢҪܵıֻУľ̫ˣ
ûƬ̵ϢٴͶ˶һֱԴĸУһѡġǽ
̤֮󣬷һӴ˹ǽϴԽ̤֮֮ǻʵϣңӣֻ·֮ĵ·˲Ϊ֮⣬÷練˶ڽڽ֮Դĸ
ּ޵Ļ֮£»ȴǲԾٴɴ֣
վĸ߶ϣٻϴݣȻоª֮ȻȴҲòϣϴܹͬԼУһɲǼ䣬˾ϴ˵ƵĽϴ֮Ϊһ֮ԴĹ
ӱϣѶȣƺȵĸ֮ԴѣȻʵϣ￪ʼܣǳɢĽ֮˴ӡ֤ȴȺͷͷĶࡣ
ȻҲǷţǻˣҪַʽ֮ԴɱֱӸ֮ԴѵĶˡ
ܣǷó֮һ

̤һʯѪɫ۵ȴǿɬ
Լ㼸˺Ĺ󣬲ϵϵսЩҲ̹ˣⲻϵս֮УҲѾӦʥ֮սٵɱ׷ʥǿߡ
շԭļƻôȥò˶ã׷Լ˾ͻԽԽ٣Ͼ˭Ҳ뱻ɱǣ
ǣһУȴڲ֮ǰױˣΪ׷ɱԼ˵Уһˡݷ磡
˳̤ʥף֮ݷһĿ꾹ȻԼǿЦðɣ֮ǰԼȷݷ統Ŀ꣬ǣ֪ݷֵʱеǷѹȴһִĸо
ݷڽͻƲʲôܣδɽٱ飬ѾķзˣΪɱˣ۶ڽȻҲǷǳ˽ģ԰벽ʥ֮죬ĽȻҲǻı̬ô
һ̣ȴǲȻı˷磬Ǹģһ壬ܹɱһնɱӵˣֻԼ磬Ѫģ֮ееķӡ
Σɲɷһֵô
ĵ˵Ӧú޷ģǣȴòϣһսȻĵӡ̫Ӱӣ޷Ĩȥ
ݷأ˵˼һ뷽йһսȴǲʤݷط֮̾ͱչˡ
û֮ǰۻЩΪȻȻʶ˷ĿֲټӵƲ⣬Ҳܹף뷽ǸӴĲʤļһǺεȵı̬˰
οݷҲ̤ͬʥףѾԼʥ׵ƳĨɷˡ
ǣȴƫƫ㲻ȥˣ
ϢȥԼϮɱɵˣȻݷĵܵܣԴںο˵˵Ͻ֮Ȩȶ䵽ԼУ
ݷս˶ǳݷһųҪɱʲôˣ˷Ǹ۽֮⣬ûܹĹȥ
תͷûȷ۳ͷԶһϮȻˡ
һˣһһ
һ˲䣬۵ͫȻĶסͻȻֵǸӰ
ûֲ̫Ϣ¶Ҳûгֵ˼ôĸֶȻڷ˵ȴͷ·һεĴһ㣬һԺѹָС
ĬƬ̣۵ڻ¶һ˿ɫ̾Ϣһڵݷ硣
˿ĻɣܹһҸԼ˿ֲѹֻ꣬ˣһվѾԹķ磬һҲֻݷˣ
֮ǰûмݷ磬Ȼһ̣ȴޱȷ˶Էݣһ仰֣Ҳ㳹׷˼ߵͷ
ݷˣ㱻ˣߣͼֱǸЦˣû˿ϣԼ
ս
Ψһս
ȷݷݵ˲䣬۾Ѿеͷȫеսȫͷ˳


ľ ڰʮ ңֻһ
սڣ
Ѿܾûйּȿһսĳ嶯ˣ޹ʤܣ޹һУµľһΪս⡣
¾۵ӣ͸¾Щɱ¾Դ˲߶£ַɱضݣûвɱ֮ˣûвն֮η޾ĵɱ¾Դľ裬˵ɱľ衣
ȻҲգһ۾˺ݣԼͬҲݣ
һ̣ݷѹ֮£۵ľĺãһ˲ͽԼ״̬۷壬״̬³֣ܹʵıԽ
ܲ
ϵģǸܵ۷սɱ⣬ݷҲȻûаҪֵ˼˫Ȼڱ󣬾ôĿţһ仰˵ĮȻ̬ȴǼ۵ս顣
ĸоʵ̫ʹˣѾѪ״̬ϧҪԷһսûܼԷս⣬öԷֵȤûУôƮƮһ䣬ָܲ߸ϵ̬ȱչ¶ݡ
ݷһս
ѪҺۼһһٵĿڣֲɱ¾ԴǵذݷѹȥĽԣʵ޷ݷûе
֪֮У׷ʲô۵ķŭݷȻĿڣȴƫƫһ˲òӲ˷۵ս⣬ǵӿɱ
һս
б֮˷·𶼿Ҫըһ㣬ź˳
սĮȻҡҡͷݷڣͬ绺Ǹûʸ񡣡
ûʸĸ֣ģݺݵڷ۵УѪ죡
˵˵Į⻰Ǵ˿˵ȻһֿԴĸоȻݷĿ˵ȴƫƫ˵Ȼݣ·Ȿ쾭һ㡣
ݷ磬֪֮Ҳ֪򽣵δһܣǣҷɱˣزĪɱ㣬ƾʲôң
Ķݷ磬͸һĨѪɫһ仰ڣٴΰθһΣʥ׵ƣһֲֵİһʣͬǷ۵ǣȻأҲһս
ܵƵݷϵɫ΢һЩֻȴȻûгֵ˼ֻ̾Ϣһ
Ϊѹô
ѵǣЦķһ۵Ҳ¶һ˿м
ǿߵĶԾ֮УƣЩÿһӰ쵽ʤΪɱ֣۱;ͨƣһγѹԷʵ߰˳ɶӲ׾ܱնɱ
֮ǰķŭ֮Ҳ̾侲Ȼףݷ̬Ϊ˼ŭԼγһѹҪԼӲӦеʵͨЩȻƽƾһٴαȳԼļ״̬Ʋδܵ˿ǿԼһִѳɵζ
ǣݷ絽ֵزͼƱ̬ȣвһ˿֮⡣
΢΢ҡͷݷҳϣмʵҪ˷ѹ㣬δҲ̫ƵԼˡ
һ£ݷ˵ҽֻǸһʵѣҪ֪飬ûʸҿڡ
һڷ˵ֱ췽ҹ̷ʲôЦ
Ѫɫ֮쳹죬ӣĪЩˣֻҲδؾʤۣǵݷУȴڵʸûУֱЦ˭ţ
ݷٿҲӦһ޶Ȱɣ˵Щ˶˵ʸûУô˭ʸΪУ
һЦ۲мļԭҲֻһСѣôУ˭ʸһսĪô
⻰ζҲ̫ŨˣۣʲôĴڣһ֮ѹֻʣһҲ죬˼磬̸ɫ䣡
ΨһĴۣ˵ݷˣǿЩϼһǣҲû˭ʸ˵棡
΢΢ҡͷݷ絥ᰴڽϣҲգķǲңҪĴ𰸵ġ
Ƥ΢΢̧ƽĿ⻺䵽۵ϣݷ㿴ˣңֻһ
µ˲䣬ݷڶٶȲ죬۾ܹĿ̧֣Ȼôƽƽһ̳
Ȼ⿴ƽһȴ·̺һ֮ɫǿɫ䣬·Ѿֻһˡ
һ
ƺѾǽˣĴڣһɲǼ䣬ط򣬶ҪΪ֮ò
޿ɱܣ޿ɵ
һ죬Ȼȴ޿赲һǰʲôɱ⣬ʲôƷ·𶼲ֻһЦ̧һֶ첻ȵӦʱ򣬽Ȼͣʺֻ֮Ҫǰ̽һ磬״̴ʺ
ƮƮûһֵĶԣһУݷýͣƬ̵ȤûУһȻʡ
ڣ˵ô
˫Ȼڱ󣬷·ûжһ㣬ݷ绹һƽı飬ٴοڵ
һ˲䣬۶ʱң
һ̣ףԭݷĲҪƣһݷ˵Լʵ˼ǰֻһЦѣԷһսʸûС
գԼΪݷ棬ǻݷأԭѾôô
ֲɱһ䵽ʱ򣬾Ѿɢȥǰֿ벻ֿû˿
Ҫ֪ʲô
ݷһѾ״ݻ˷еģɫľȻĿݷʵ
Ӧ֪ġûнͣݷ絭ڣƵᡣ
˵ӣĪԣһ·׷ģȴһɱңҲǿӳһôĬƬ̣ڻǻڵ
Ȼô۵ϣĻشݷûа㻳ɣһѾµ˵ı顣
ѾµôЦһ£ͳʵʵ˶͹ˣҲĶְɣ
֮ǰµӡͬΪ£Ǳݷһȴʲô㲻ˣȻݷ粻ǰ벽ʥףԼҲѾ̤ʥ˰ȴ벻ԷһӲʵֱ˼ȻɱԳֻ֣Ҳһɣ
ˡ΢΢ҡͷݷ絭Ұ벽ʥ֮ʱδؾһһ
Ļشȴ˲佫סˣǵ˴˿̣޷ݷ˼
ѵոһҲѾݷܴﵽļôֻߣʲôԼ֪飿
ʥף˵һˮ룬Ÿˣ̾Ϣһݷ˵ڰ벽ʥ֮ʱδܹɻЩ֣һ̤ʥףٷҲɱġҲһ
ˣЩ㲻ᶮģҡҡͷݷȻתһ֮˿С


ľ ڰʮ ʲô
ߣȡҲ
ڹ͵˼£ǽ֮޽ֲ޽֮Դ
һ֮ͨԴɣ
ԼȻãȻ̫еĳҩȴѾˡ
ÿһֱԴĸ򣬷϶ɢһЩϢЩǸ޷ڵģҲûڣôϿŷ粻ͻƣѾһ׼ҲŵĲᡣ
һ˸ԴٶȾȻô죿ЩһӶ޷һֱԴԿ
ǳˣԼΪ˻֮Դ뽣࣬ҲһᰡĻ˳ΪأⲻʮʱͽԴôȰ
˵֮ǰ֮Դʱ򣬻ǣǿҰοǷ֮ǰڻ֮Դ˺ܶ๦ôˮ֮Դ֮Դָôͣ
ԳҩļʶûţŵֵزļһȴҲʵ̫̬˵ɣ
ȻĽҩ֮̾࣬ҲԽ˷Ͼ츳ԽãֻصĿܲԽ󣬷̯һ޷Դǵñ̫У
ڿɻǸ˵ʱҩػ֣ȻûаֲƽȵĿ¡
ڷ˵Щ첻ð˵ˣÿʱÿ̶Żǿȣ˿ʧ󣬷пܹȻֻصԸҲ֮ĽҲܽܵġ
ڣҩϾǵʦΣ侲Ҳǰõģʱרע񣬸Ͳġνħɻҩĵʦ˵Ҳͬĵ
̫յķȻ֪ҩЩ˼֪ʱƹضݷѾͨȷϢ
֪񷽴Ҳܷˣʱ򣬶˵бԴѾΨһͷ
˵ľ񶼳УֳĿУҲܹͬ˽ġ
ֱԴľ֮Դ֮ԴŵѴġ
ľ֮Դǣȴһ̿ͣһֱոȥʣҪɱףǸȴʵ̫ˡ
֮ԴǺأһ̿Ҫظô̿ͳ֣һɱ׷ǾԵı빥Ǵ̿ĵ⡣
ǣȴҪֱԴû˿·ߣ
ʱ򣬾ǷҪħ֮뿪Ҳˡ
ǳľ꣬ᣬ֮Ϣ
ֶѾ壬뿪Ҳ޷֮ȥˣ˵ֻ·ߡ
һбԴЩȫ
ڶЩű
ûκ·ߣȻҲѹûܣ¶Ĳ뿪ǽҩĽ̫ܶ쿪ʼû·
˵޷뿪ߣҲȻû뿪ĵ
̿ͣľ˳Ӧģһǰ
Σվķ»Ǹƽӹĺ커߳Ƶĵ۽ˡ
вϵܣȻЧȴһֱСʱ䲻ϵţֱԴȴʼպ޴ô
棬ҩҲԽķ
ǶʮȥˣȻϢȴȻû˿仯ȫûͻƵļѾܲˣҪ֪֮ǰĶʮ죬ѾֱԴģ滹ִ֮ǰʮ׼ʱ䡣
ٶȼ㣬ӦֱԴĸŶ԰
ҩϣҪȻͣɡ֮ʱ䲻ϵƣ̲ס˵ֻľֱԴϣ츳¶Ըɹģôʵ̫Σˡ
˵뷽̸ʲôϵǣ֪ôģ˶ڷƫƫһĪиУ·СӵܺƢθ类⣬Щˡ
һϾǸԴ֮ǰ̫˳ˣеҲġִҡҡͷҩһ䣬۾ȴգûգһ¡
û֮ǰ̫˳ˣһֱԴӦôŶԣǣҲ÷ʲôʱ򰡣
ƽգȻż˵Ƕʮˣ޽չҲϡ棬񷽴̫аԷʵ޷ĸ£Ҳ˵ÿһ̣Ҫһʹ࣬׿Щʹ಻̸һ̣ͻһ˿Σհ
ҩϣѾ㹻ˣѾͬʱףˮֱԴˣֻҪЩԴɣ̤ʥ׾ѾԾ춯ˡĿҩ˳˵⻰Բ
ִɱԴ̤ʥףֻһɹ̾ͻӵо춯صΪ΢ĥһ£ݺˡ
ˣôܹˣбԴȱһɣ㲻ԴҡĺͲ˹һ㣬ҩҧгݵĴ
ֻΪ˰﷽ʵҪô鷳ҪֻصбԴֻصĻûЩͲֻص
ǣȥܻģգ̽ҩ֮󣬳˱ԲȰˣǣϵóվ̲ס˵һ䣬̬ȳ֡
ɫȻһ䣬ҩɭȻڵϷĵӣôϷȻֲָֻţ
Ϊ죬Ȼ춼һһҩǰȴվֻһūͰ׷߶ѣƽջӣȴǹϵֻصģҡ
οһʼҩǴ˼ô˽ҴĵģȴҲʹϣս
ǿƵ̬ȣóһȻԼݣȻһЦ˵Աߡ
콣ˣͷҲֻҩԸ׷棬Ȼʵϣҩ˵һūͶѡ
Ѫģұҩ˽ƣҩһ֮ѡ
ݣȷûʸʲôԼ
ĬĬŴ󽣣ȴһĪıԼһΪһΪΪԼļָ֣˶ٰ
ôأ
ĽֻΣ
һ̣ȴǲȻһҩģҲһ˿ɣ
ҩӣƺõЩˣ
ûԪҩȷҪһˣǣһ֮Ѿ㹻ôôĸ棬ޱ˽ҩΪˣҪ˵ΪһӣԸޱĸô߰Ĵֽۣƫֱִ֣ǲ˼ġ
һɲǼ䣬˵ȴȻͷֻȴָҲһͷ
˵ҩǱĵĻôҪʲôأ˵һʥ׶ûСӣʲôֵҩ˲ϧѪͼıأ
·һᣬͽⲻ
ǣһ̣ȴƫƫܹĸоһжҩڵ״̬˼ͲԾ
ףԼʲô


ľ ڰʮ ػ
̫ԽԽʢʹҲԽԽأȻԷ־ҲѾҪ֧ŵˣ޷Ҹһйڣֻò˶ãͻὫ־ˡ
ʵһҲţҪһڼ֮¸бԴⱾһģҩֵʦҲ޷ʧܵĴۣ
ãͱȻʧ
Σ棬һ㣬籾
׻˵ֻ⣬򣬾˼ȻЩʵϣҲôһ
ٸ򵥵ӣһͨҪں̵ܶʱڣһǮôעķʽãֻգΨһյж󣬳ɹĻж١
٣ĲԣƭЩпڶʱڳﵽǮҪеĴۣҲͬǳ߰ȻҲ֮
Ҫ֮ڴﵽۿĵزѶȿɱͨڶʱڳＯһǮѵĶ࣬Ҫ쵽һ㣬ðôܣ
ԣȻı£Ҳû˿ĺڣҲ
Ϊһ̿ͣκ˶ϣûʲôضɹ飬ǳ˸ָıȴѾˡ
һεˣ㶼ƣЦ
Ѿˣʱκ˶ƿҪͻʵ̫ˣֻ֮£˵ѾǱ֮ˡ
糱ˮӿͷԺ֮лصǲԾһ˿Цݡ
ͷôˣ㻹ôĺ㡭Ҳ֪֮󣬻᲻ʶ
գڷɽһжĸԺ֮Уɽϵһһľ·𶼱ޱȵ̤ߡ
ΪˣԼֵӣȻڷɽϵǶʱôʱƤʱԺ֡һжѾԶȥˡ
Ȼһ¶ͷȴһֱʦุĴڣԼһɳĵ
ǸŮ˵Ӱӡ
һμʱľޣһӵʱļ¶Ƿݸ鵥ྻԼĵһݰ顭̹ģ
ǱƣˣɲǷˡԼҲ˵ذ״ʱʹ
һأ
ҲԶǸŮǸԼΪУԼŮǸҹ뱱ǣŮǸԸԼһϻŲЦݵŮ
Ǹ֪ңңŮǸԱЮΪʣԼͷʱԼɱȴЭҲʼԼŮ
Լĵڶΰ飬飬Լͬ
ԼҲǸžƺ«ݵˣǸһһصľƽɣԼڵ۶ǵǿּ߳ĨɱԼʱǾ޵һǰԵһҲǹеһʡ
˵ԼУͷʦุĵλԶ޷ȡĻôңӵĴڣ͸һʦԼĺ֣ʼΪԼڵʦ
طս֮ʱңʼջڲ࣬Լδй벽
ԼҲ𽣬ǸΪԼĬĬԼδر˺Ҳʸ־Ů
ǧ쳾ԭԼѾôŲµĶô
ԳЦЦȴٴγĬδʱ򣬾ȻôĲᣬԭԼȻһϸĴ̿ô
ͷ˵ǣҵĴ̿ͣעһô̿͡

һ˲䣬·ĺģ
Լ䣬·ץסʲôʼոһ
꣡
·ʲôһ㣬㱼䣬ԭѾЩԺǾȻ漣ٴһ˲䣬üͷٴ
Դһ΢ʹ·ֱͷԴϾһ㡣
һȡľ֮Դѵô
һɲǼ䣬·ȻȻһЩʲôһֱԼΪԼܹĮǣʱ򣬲ŷ֣ԼȻô಻Щ֧Լȥô
˵Լ˵Щô֮⾳˭ܹ˵һͲתΪľ֮Դأ
һ˲䣬ٴ˼С
ĮΪζ
ľ٣Ȫ丶ʼ
Ȼһ֮󣬲ľҲ±ŷЩľΪʲô֣
ֵںδ
ԼأԼȻᣬôԼŵʲô
Լһֱ׷Ϊʲôأ
Ӻ쵽죬ףؽסһ·ڣԼ׷ʲôԼϧðΣգƴʲô
еɣֻ˼Ĵ
̿ͣҪػеΪշתǧþֶΣһ˲ľɱ
ôԼеʲô
գԼҲãʱͷ֣̺ʣԼĻشʲô
ǷǶԴһģ
ʱԼ˵Ȼ¾Ҳͷ֣ʵԼ˵ֺγһػ
ԼŬΪģֻͷһ䣬ΪߵɽͷԼеҲԼҪػĶ
أЩ⣬ĶҲԼҪػģĴΪ֮Ҳϧ
ѩңӣ𽣬Щ˶磬˼縲ҲͬԼ֮ԣƴ첻ϵʵΪģͲػЩô
ѵΪһ䣬ѾˣͿİõķô

ʮһˡĬĬĴӿ֣һ˲䣬ҩ·Ҳ꣬ԭѾԪһ̣Ȼһ˿˥֮⡣
Ϊһһеˣҩκ˶һеļޣ
ʮһ죬Ȿһ޵֣žŹһһֻأҲһܳܵļޣ
ϣѵҪôǣԼѾ뾡һеİ취Ҳվ޷İܾ֡
ֻصͲӦôô
ҩκ˶ԼѾŲ˶ˣеѪ뾫ѾͶһεķ֮УһʧܣԼʱȥԵڶˣ
΢΢̾ϢһҩȻı۾ȻŻ棬һ˿֣ʵѾˡ
룬ʮһļѾֻһʱˣȻȴȻһֱԴûиԴͷ·ǵһǵɣ׶Ͼ˷ҲϾֻصϣ
һ̣ҩͻȻЩڣԼ̰ĵҪֻصǽ˼·뷨ȫ̸ӣԼµĵʦݣпܰ쵽أ
ǣһжѾˣһƵʧܣҲ׶ӵ
ЩԳЦЦҩЩ̾Ϣţֻص񵤵Ĵ۰ɣʧˣͷעԼʧأϵϣ봫С
⣬⣡


ľ ڰʮ ͻƣбԴɣ
ܻ
ļޣȴڻǱŷһ˿ǿ󣬵ǣȴΪһ˿վϣ
ӥ֮⾳Ȼ֮⾳ȴһֱ԰䱾ʣֱ˿̣ڲ֪䣬Ȼ֮⾳ҩֱ仯Ȼʵϣ֮⾳ʼڵ㿪ʼϵ׳ԭʹ࣬Ӵ£ҲϵȻܳ׽һ鷳ȴҲ÷־ˡ
ڷ˵⣬޷ľ֮Դ֮Դľ裬ԣһֱ޴ǣֱв÷֮⾳ȴõĸΪᶨһɲǼ䣬ˣľ֮Դ֮Դػľİסʣµ޷Ǿһʱˡ
һٴιһ֣һɲǼ䣬·ԼͻΪؼһһľһƬƬأһɽ壬ķʽȴľصĺʵ
˵֮ǰˮ֮Դ֮Դֲ츳ľĻô񣬸ľ֮Դ֮ԴȴǷ·÷ٶȣֱǷ˼ġ
ʵУֻǶ̶̵Ƭʱ䣬Ȼڻ֮ȴ·Ѿ˼֤ͣһδεֻء

˫Ȼķ£ҩѾһ˿ļ֣
ʮһ죬ʮһʱ䣬ڳ׽ܷûбѾȫûˣڻûֱԴԶлˣһоͺһʢӵоŻ꣬ҲҩֻصΡ
ĬĬɢȥ˶̫ĿƣҩѾ׵ͷ˲価ΪɫЩĵ˿һҩڻⷢһ̾ϢˣЩϾ֮УҲû츳Υ
ҩϡǰһУȴʼûȰ裬֪һ̵ĵ֪ҩѾ׷һ˿ϣ˲ɳƵɤٴοڣЩҼŵ䣬ֻǣһΣСһȴСĲʹô
ǿҩĲįԶῪڣһ̣˵ˣܣĻܻһŭҩҲ˵ˡ
ʹĬĬ׽֣ãҩȴվЦ
ûʹ˲ͷһУΪ˷ôһӣֻصΣʹĵطЦ˾ȻΪǵΪԼΪӶʹ
ЩҩȴѹûдԳ˽ͣһūͰĴڣûʸ͡
ϷûЩ£ֲ졣ɨ˳һۣҩ漴ģϷӦ£ᷴڣϵĽȻָ֮
ҩģΪУһ˵㲻ʲô˲飬仰˵һֲһŵҩĽһʦĽ޿¡
ڻǳĬʲôû˵ôĬĬԼĴ󽣡
֮Ѿˣȥֻ֮ҩ̬Ҳ֧Ų˶ˣԼڴõɣǰʱ򣬲ҪԣֻҪĬĬһ·ˡ
꣡
ҩҲ׼뿪˲䣬ȴͻȻһ죬ʶģҩعͷһ۷ڵλãҲû绹пܻȻʶһۣȴʱҩһ˿ŵĹʣһ־ĿϲԽһУ
ʲô
һ˲䣬ҩģȻľ֮Դ֮Դ

ľ֮Դ֮Դλһ˲䣬бԴʱγһѭҲͬʱľ統˹ô̫Ĵ֮У۾
ɲ֮䣬ǳľ꣬ᣬ֮ϢϡĲͬʱѣֲıԴ֮ӿ뷽ڣͬɺԵɳĮ֮УͻȻע峺Ϫˮıš
бԴγ֮ǰ޷ЩӴڣΨһĽǰԼűǣбԴγɣΪһѭЩʱȥбԴѭͬһаӿڣ
һ
Ҫ֪ҩҪģɲֻǸбԴбԴɣ
еɾʵ̫ˣòŵʱϡĲϣҩ׼̫գ嵱εҩһޱĽЩڡ
Ȼ֪ҩ룬ǣͻȻӿȴȫûоܾɵģ˲Ϣ֮䣬˳ƲϵĵЩӿ룬һһεѭ
죬ģ죬еҩóͶȥȫͶȥ
գ۵ĹҩѾ˷ڵ״̬֪ģǣⶼҪˣ˵ҪĽֻһѣֱĶͣ
һ̣ҩ͸ģֱһĿȣʧõĳֱͬٴλصʱһ㣬ϲԸӣ
ʱ򣬿ɲϧҩʱһ˲䣬ҩ㼸ǰԼ׼õȫҵ˽ȥʱ򣬼Ҳ޷ɵĽˣľԴԴϵͶ㹻ҩϣ̫𣬽һжתΪܹյ߻ԱԴմﵽбԴɵĵز
ҩѾ׼õģû˿ԥΨһҩǣΪԼ֮ǰķ֣һʱԼĿƣ£Ҳײٴοػˣһжֻˣ
ûибԴ֮ǰȻǲֱ̫ܳӵյģǣȴǲһģбԴƽãȻЩΣգȴѾ÷ˡ
һбԴɣ̫ǿʮҲ˺ֺˡ
ʱ䣬һ̣Ѿȫʧȥκ壬ҩҲ͹˲ȥʱˣǳˣһ̣ҲͻȻıŪˣȫʶҩķԸȥƾĶۣҲǾԲ뷽ʹġ
ֻǣҩǿȵȴԽĲĿȣδҩϿǸоҩƳһʲôµ鵤һ㣬ǣȴ
ȻҩѹͲʲôģϵ·𿴵һγɵֻصңʱһ
ΣһҪɵġбԴһжΪһֻأγȫµֻرԴȻǿƵںϣ÷궼˲飬أ˷꣬Żһдﵽγ˸Ž񵤣


ľ ڰʮ һƣ
ǳľ꣬ᣬ֮Ϣ
ЩȻϡֻЩĻҲܴ߻һбԴЩֻһӶѣǣڼϼҩȫҵҩѻǾһˡ
ΪʦҩǺεȸУǰЩȫɢȥʥ۷ǿߴֱ֣ʣһЩҲδõĳǻеʵֻУҲδܰõˡ
ҩȴȫûаϧֻصⱾѾ׷ļˣΪĿ꣬ǸԼĴҲϧοЩ֮ˡ
ȻЩҲȻܶһбԴɣϾʵҪб˵ţҪڶʱڣﵽбԴɵĳ̶ȣҲǲܵġ
ҩɲںЩͲȥǷĸȲȣͲں˶бԴһ˵ʦݣõҩѣҲܶѳһԴбԴɣȻѣҲһû취ȫعǷ¡
ҩУѾһˣһε¯˹Ȼôҩǵ¯ͲһˣҪĽֻһֻصѣⵤ¯¡
һҩǺ޹˼ɣЩϡҩ⣬ļƷԴԼһпܰ鵤ҩһԵͶ˽ȥ첻ļ֤һеĽ̡
һʼ绹оոոбԴдգָоȷˬʱƣһʱ򣬷ٴθܵ͵ʹࡣ
ȻûибԴ֮ǰôʹ࣬ȴҲͬƲʲôˡ
һҪˣͻȻǰóԵģһʼȻԵĿޱȣǣѾԱ֮ȴȻ˱㲻ϵļȥָоҲȶ
ˣôȥֻºܿҪˣķҲˣ
ٶȥܻͬᱻűǣǣƫƫγһص״ȻܣǲЩͬʱȴƫƫԲԼ޷ܡ
һˣѾҪˣڳ¶ȥȴƫƫܲϵĳȥѾϵĹγһŹ֮״̬Ҳõ˿ı䡣
ԼУѾܵЩˣ
СħЩô
һɲǼ䣬Сħħ֮ڶطӡҪɴɵбԴô
УϵģСħһڵľͷֿܣЩ⣬ħ֮ҪǴɵбԴЩȻ࣬ȴûдﵽħ֮޷գǿɣҲǻ䵽
ħ֮ܵģһеĹؼڷˣһ㣬ҲΨпЦˡ
ǵʱҲûлҩģϾЩҩ϶ʵ̫ˣңԼʵҲʮʮڲţҪ˵ҩΪɱԼ˷ѵôҩ޷ͣ
ܼ򵥣ɵɱһˣѵĵǮŮȨȻ壬ô
磬Ȼ֪Ϊʲôǿ»кܴĺ󻼡˼һ£Сħǿѵ
סЦ̾ϢһҲЩ޿κˣҲֹˣֻܲϵĳȥͻȻõǿȴûӦĸĥǱȻģôЩҲ޿صġ
ڷ翴ҩܹһѾܿɹˣ¼ҩԼҲ޷˰ɣ
ʵڲУ޷Ǿǵȵѹž粻ֱͻƵʥףбԴȵƿ֮ٳʥס
Ȼܻ˷һЩʱ䣬õɵбԴ˵Ҳ
̬ǼõģȻ޷ֱ仯ǾͰĽܣҴھͿʼѰҽ֮ˣǰõİ취ǾܵԼбԴΪֻ̣Ҫһ㣬ǸӰͻᱻԼСˡ
һˣٴηеĹ˼ɣͶ˶бԴĸУбԴȫ˴ӡ֤֮£ȴǷֻһֱԴ֮ʱĶࡣ
֪䣬ʱô˹ȥһִ˷࣬ܵĸоҲ˲١
䣡
Ҳ֪˶ãԭⷽȴȻһɿֲ֮ϢӵбȻʥףȻϢȴκѰʥ˱ˣ
ǳˣһ̣ҲһĨ֮У
бԴɵôֲ˹Ȼվʥ۷壬ҲǲȻĲһ˿ɵ֮⡣
ͽôѵԼ´ˣҩûʲô˼ֻһҪһбԴɵĻô
ˣбԴбԴɣ
̫𵹾ҩʱ˷ܵĺ˳Ǽֻû㵸ˣЩӣβ龡ǰÿһߵļΪСģ˵ǽԾܣˡ
һ̣һȴѾõر˰
бԴɣֻһֻһ׳ˣҩβ˷ܼ

ĳһǿаֲʸУ̤𺣣ҩһ
лʦȫбԴ޳ˡ
ò˵бԴ覴ãûգһЩ󻼣ǣڷ˵ѾˣһִٳЩҩҲǺܸмģһݰݵĸԸ
ããã̫ˣΪʦ͸һĨ֮ɫҩ˷ܿŷ˵ַĵĿϲȴôҲ޷εġ
ҩȵУ籾ܵᵽһ˿ΣУֻȴֱȥһִٳԼбԴĴɣʱҩû⺦ԼŶԡ
һˣ˿ԥôŲߵҩǰ
ҿҺúÿŷбԴɵҩЦŽư˷ؿ֮ϡ
Ķȴ籾ܵ˰磬ǺҩֻǱһؿڣܹܵбԴԴֻɱ¾Դһ˿ԴҲԷĸ֪Щȴǲҩ֪ģοԼϻе۽ħ֮Ϣ
Ȼȫû뵽ǣⱾܵһܿİ磬ȴǽӲӹŹ˻
ԭһֱЦеҩƼؿڵ˲䣬ȴȻʥ۷Ȼޱĺ򷽴磡
һǰʵˣʮҲĸɸɾˣ
Ȼʶһܿ˰磬ȴǶʱһưˣķӦǺεȵĿ죬ܣﻹûӦҩΪʲôͻȻ֣ȴѾܵ˷Ӧһ֮䣬־Ȼ˵˿Ӳܿһƣ
ֻˣȴҲѾ˰벽ȻûаʵҩָȴվǷ˷ؿڣ
һɲǼ䣬ȻʱڵбԴ飬ڴͬʱҲһھѪȻ˱˲ˣ˿Уǲŵ뾪ŭ


ľ ڰʮ ɱ֮ŵ
Ϊʲô
һѪӿȴӲȥԴѪüͷ΢΢֮ҲǺ߶ûһôĿҩ
һ˲䣬תͷȴվûһܹĽǰһУȻԷǣһ̣ȻҲȫҲ˿ɣ·һжγһ޽⣬ΨһܸԼ𰸵ˣǣһֽȵĶԼ
ΪʲôѾһˣȻҪʳ⣿һ̣ҩЦޱȻȻһûҪ˷ȴܹоĵڵбԴѾˣܷ߾ţǣתȴͲѹƵģбԴ飬γֻرԴΨһĽ
仰˵ô綼ѾˣһбԴʼһоѾעˣֻصؽг֡
ʱҩӣͲͣȴʵ̫˷ˣϲǲ˵ʵڱܣ
ֻصƳ񵤣ǲ˵̫ˣ
˷ܰɣȻϾҪˣǣȴ֤һ漣֤һ˵ĳ֣ĴЦҩ˷ܵɫǺ죬ĴбԴ飬γֻرԴ֮궼Уеγһ񵤣ӵֻرԴ񵤣пһµĵߵ񵤣
ָ΢ЩҩȴȫںûзôбԴγɵʵ̫ˣɵбԴ;ۼؿڵλöԲԣɲʲô⣬ңעǧŵĵʦʦʦҩһֵ죡
˵⣬Ƿ绹ǳ˶סˣ׿Դ̸˷뷨ٶʵ̫ˣ˭뵽һУȻҩΪģ
һӵֻرԴ񵤣ͼһµĵߣͷҲܹô
ӣһ̣Ƿ绹ǳжͷ
˵ҩʵѾˣ
ȻҲֻһ֮Ƿ磬Ҳòϣҩһ˿ɹĿܣ񣬷ѾܹоԼѾЩ޷бԴıˣԼˣ꣬־Щ֮Уܹγһֻ̺رԴҲ˵
ǵôһ˿⣬ȴǲһ󷢺
һԼ̫ˣҩһУʵҲѰģֻԼʵбԴϰԵĽڣ˵Լʶ϶ҩԼûж⣡
ȻһиԴҲڣڵ˽⣬벻ȻʽȫǰԼҩƣ˾񵤵壡
ˣԷǣѾ쳣ˣλ䵽̶ֳȣ
һˣȴɱԭҩһָмȫתΪ˳ޣһʼԷ͸ûд⣬һҪԼ츳Ϊۣʲôʲ񵤣
һг䶨ֳȴֱ㾡ĺ֮ˮҲ޷ˢġ
Ȼҩȫ֪һеģԳֻصɵϲ˷ܵС
ĵȥɣϷǧţŵֻصĳ֣֣˵Ҳᱻ˼סģܹΪֻص¯
ôһ˿ɱ绺˵еˣ˭˵һ
ոһǰʵˣʱȻѾˣȻûеɱԼôԼɾûôˣ
ѵ㻹Ĵôһ벽ʥףϰĴڣĪϷӵбԴΪǸбԴĲôЦǲмҩж֮ЦĶԵˣʮӣڵбԴͻ᳹ױ飬ʱԼͻᱻűбԴγֻصͲһ벽ʥܹܵġ
һȻпᣬȴԾ׼֮аһҩ籾Ҳ
ֻǣһ̣ȴȻûаη壬Цǳ
ҩϣҲòϣʵƣұȻˡһ˿֮ɫһ̤ϵȻظ췭ϧҲ
⻰ڣǳˣҩͷˣͲ֪Ҫ˵Щʲôʲôģ߰㣬֪ν
䣡
һɲǼ䣬ıȴȻһԹ˸ʥĹԣ֮䣬һɵصϢȻͷŶķ磬飡
ɣ
һɲǼ䣬ħ֮ȻչɣбԴȻѾ飬ǣȴϾûγֻرԴӰħ֮ɣգ֮䣬ӴĴӷӿ鱻ħ֮ɣ
֮ǰΪбԴûдɣħ֮޷ɣȻһ̣ȴѾħ֮ˣ֣֮ħ֮֮£ʱ㱻⣡
ͬ׳нһ㣬бԴ֮ȫɵħ֮УԽ⿪ڶطӡûЩȻͲٱűˡ
ͻȻıʣȴǶʱҩɫ䣡
ܣⲻܣбԴôܱɣܣ˭Ҳֹֻصĵ
һ˲䣬ҩЪ˹Ľ޷ܵģҲܽܣ
ɱɱˣҪɱ
ҩϡˣˣĹˣȻҪҲ˷ķʽѾʧˣĬƬ̣˵
죬ұ죡ˣΪʲô㲻ϷһūͶѣūͣϷҪϷҪĶųˣҩŭ˫ͨ죡
ɱ㣬ɱϷҪ
вҩȷõڳнƣһ֮䣬׳˵û˸ҷ˼οֻһūͣ
Ƭ̵ĳĬҩϣȴͻȻЦ
ҩϣһνҩϣҰ벽ʥ֮ʱʼ׷㣬˽ƣȻЩ㣬ԸԳһʥ۷壬ǣȴʼûпһ£˼˵ұΪô֧ȥȵұָܻɣǡͻȻұ֮ӣΪһƾͱңūͰĻţ
˵⣬˵ȴȻ͸һ˿ᶨ֮ɫͬеļ֣СӾ񵱳ңȵҸ㣬Ҳ֣Ҳ֣
µ˲䣬дȻ𣬻˲鲼󽣣ȼͨ죡
Ƿ콣ˣҲΥеļ֣ѾһȴôҲٴȥˣ
˵ıѣٴδҩʹһ˲䣬ȴǼҩеĺ⣬֮䣬ȼ
Ǿȥɣһ벽ʥףϷԼҲնɱ
һ̣ҩˣȫǲϧһд۵ĳ֣ȫܽͷܴɵʹֻ࣬ɱ˷磬пתһУֻصơ
Ϸȥ


ľ ڰʮ Ǳ
콣ˣ
Իƺ֮⣬˱δо˿ĺ죬ǼҲص߾ȫӳɱһ޻ڣ
һɲǼ䣬˵궼֮ȼǻ֮Դǽ⣬һ̱߷˼£
ڵĽκ˶£ֻгһĻᣬһ̣ͻᱻɶ˵Ѿ㹻ˣ
ЩΪ׷ʵΪū͵Ѿĥ̫ҩΪֻصо˵Ҳͬһ̼پı̫̫Ķ
λ͸
һҲ㹻ˣ
һΪɱˣΪ赲ҩ
޻ڣͬ貵ǰ㣬Լһն˳죡
һɲǼ䣬ҩ棬ȻӲһնϣһ󽣣ͬһΡĴɽôӲҩ뷽֮䣬ҩһߡ
ȥȥȥ
ʵҩȻҲʥ۷壬ϾֻǵʦһѾ׸˵Ҫս޷ȣοһǳΪ۵ĻӳģƸ죡
Ψһķƾǣ˲˳ڵĽƣ˵˲ȼɿڻҲעĽ֣
գȻǳҲ޷ܣֻǣˣҲȻЦ·ûиܵĽ١
ҩжҲԸ½ƵģԣҲɱ㣡
Ц֮䣬дȻûһ˿Ķҡӿ³һ仰ǵļᶨ
һɲǣǳֻɱҩǱƷɣҩҲһϵİܹɱҩǣҲûҩ֡
뷽粻ͬҩ֮䣬ǶԵȵĽ׹ϵ
ԼһҩҩԸһΪʥ۷ʵĳֽǶ˵ҩȷжΪҩġ
ԣȻȻǻӳΪ۵һҲԸɱҩѡ谭ΪһĻᣡ
СӣӣӵԶԶģ㲻ģһҸԻ͵Ķ࣡
־Ѿʼģˣһ仰ȴŷġ
һ˲䣬ۿҲЩʪˣô˵飬ԼˣڱҩƿƵ£ԸĴ۸Լһ飬ò㣬ôǵҪԼһ򣬼еĵǣڷ˵ⶼû
ˣ磡
˫ȭսڻǺ˳ܣ֣עΪԼ鷳Ҳ˵˳
˿˵ΪԼٶɣҲԸԼֶ֪ʹȥ
磿
Լ֣˵˵۽ˣԭСӾǸ۽ôֲ츳
˿̵Ѿûȥ˵˼ˣƷɣѾױȼգҲһ˿ڵĺۼ
ҩҷ֮ģұɱ㣡
һһٵ˵ⷬһ˿ԥħ֮֮䣬ȻɿԶӶݶȥ
бԴ飬ħ֮ɣ⿪˱֣֮Ƿϵƿüٵģ£ͷӲ̫ʵοҩɲͨʥףʥ۷壬ʱǲӣֻԼ͵ҪڶԷˡ
ֻǣһ̣ȴҲѾȼ˿ֲɱѾû˷Ŀɱһˣһαҩƣ׼˷ɱģǿųԼǰǽһ߶һ£
һ֮ǰĺݻ˵ǳ滰ǣڷ˵ȴµıɱ֮ŵ
պΪУҲƱؽҪҩնɱҩǿ߱ӵĺǣӵ޾ǿգҲصҩնɱ
һ̿͵ıɱ֮ŵݣ
ӣӣϷ򲻹˭㶼ûܾ㣡
ڷвҩȴǸûзϵģ֮£û𷽴ִʲôɱ磬Ѿ˿Ψһͷˡ
һȻҲţҩٴŷ׷
ʥ۷Ϊ̫Ļ֮УҲûӵĵ
ֻصʧܵʹ࣬ѾˣϧȼΪԪҲҪٶȴ߶£նɱ
һʥ۷ǿߣһ׷ٶȣֱ޿ȻǷħ֮ʩչ־Ҳ޷ҩ׷
ȻԭҲΪħ֮ȫбԴ޷÷չ״ֻƾħ֮ٶ
籾ҲشбԴһƬңѴ߶سɴֶΣһʱ䣬ƾȻôסˣȻ޷ӵҩҲ׷Ϸ硣
ħ֮־Ҳͬٶһֲֿĳ̶ȣ
ҲҩǻóٶȵʥǿߣԷʵ޷ħ֮ٶȵ£Ҳͱ׷ˣ
Ψһ˵ǣбԴΧЩ̫Ѿ޷Էγ̫вˣֻ·Ҳ޷֧ȥˡ
СħҪã
У̲ס˳
ʱСħ˵ɵЩбԴ֮һҪһʱ˳Щܿ״
żСħֻܲǣͲżܽģȻСħҲ޷ڶʱڽϾħ֮Ҳֻǽ⿪һطӡѣ
ʱ
ƽգʱ䣬ȻʲôǣҪ÷ҩ׷ɱ֮£ŹʱϢֱ͸ˡ
ڵƣÿһ̶ڼأȫһеƴƲϼأʱôȥ綼ûаգʱ֮ԼǷܻˡ

֮䣬͸һĨɫ˲Ϣ֮䣬߱γһ
ػ
ʱһܹõֶΣȫޱóˣԿػ֮ۻȻ֮ӿԼٶȣһӾƣҲ͹˲ˡ
ת֮䣬̤֮ϣӴܣȫ
ôҲûΣգǣȴûһ̣ΣգҩһεƣǽƵ˾·֮ϣһ
ȻڣҲûʮİգһܹӳȥ
׼һǿԳ֣ҲѽƵֵزǣҩȴƫƫˣǱӴܣΪ˼ӵһ𣬿ҲûмΣ
ˣΣ֮£ҲѾˣֻǷȴȫûаͷټѣΣյֻҪûеһ̣̿Ͷ
οڲ֮ǰ̫֮£֮⾳ԽףԼܾô׵ķϻкܶණԼŲµģ
οǱɱ֮ŵԼôˣҲ̫ҩ


ľ ڰʮ 
ػ
ػˣֻǷһû֮Ӵ֮ҩҲͬԿػ֮٣Ļ𺣣˵ӦŶԡ
ʼȻڿػ֮Ų츳ǣȴҲվȣ֮ԴⱾǣȴһˣĻ֮Դ˵һֵ죬ңӲ֮߻˻֮Դɵĳ̶ȣȻ֮ԴǴ߻ģĻ֮ԴɣźܴĲ࣬ǣڷ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ʱҪҩ棬ֻҪ߶ѡ
ڿػ֮ϣȻ޷ҩȣǣ֮Դɣ֮ȴ˼鶯Ѿҩ޲ˡ
һ׷һӣ˶ǽ߾ȫٶȲȴվ޷κε˶Է
ҵĴϢţÿһκ·Ҫһ㣬߻ݺᣬȴֱҩŻѹƣһ䣬Ż𺣣ֻԼٶˡ
ˣҲѾƣûκˣ֮ԻӶݣȫƾһ֧ˡ
ʱ仺ţѾϾȥˡ
ӲȻ̤죬ϷҲҪ𣡡
뷽磬ҩ״̬ҪõĶˣϾʥ۷ǿߣĻ֮УֻǣҩеĽȴ˿뷽ģɲֻҪɱѣֻصյĿģ
ȻܹоʱŷбԴţЩħ֮ɵֻصıԴÿһ̣ɹֻصϣͻһ֣ܹ
ǸȻܹСӽٶ־磬ͬҩģôһʥ׶Сϣ
ˣʱ򣬱Ȼŷϵħ֮Ȼҩ˵ΨһĿֻص
ţץ֮󣬸λǸбԴ֮³γֻص
Ӷ֮У粢ûһֵĻشֻǽ߾ȫ
ʱѾûȥˣÿһ仰ܻķ̫Ϊһ̿ͣκ˶ʱӦô޵֮Уÿһ˷ѣпΪԼһ
ҩ񶾵˺Ѱ֮뵤ʦϵֻǷȴȻһԲ
ʱ÷һҲ֮ţٶҲȻԾĽ˼֡
ǧף˰ףס˵ľ벻̣Щţⳡ׷𼴽Ļ
ɲôСûֹֻصĵϷעǧţ㣬ͼ谭ֻصֵСΪĶ󡣡
ʤҩѾȫұ֯εУ
ף
룬ѾǼˣֻҪ룬ҩĹԴ壬˲ٶٴνˣܷ粻ϵͼ٣ȴվ޷ıߵĽ֡
һ·ĵʵ̫ˣѾȫԽ֧ŵļޣܹʵĲ࣬ȴվֲĴڡ
ģȥһĨɱ
׵ļһƣͻԥĻΪ۷ľɱ
ܣش֮µķһɵİնûУȻǵ浽޿ӵĵزҲԲĸȻҲҪĹ⻪ƴһ
ɹˣ磬嶯ӵ
Ǿͻ׼޵˲䣬СħͻȻڷҲӲԭѾ׼󹥻ѹ
䣡
淴תڿγһ޴УǿƵѹƣһ˲ɣ
һ̣·𱻿һĿڴ֮УٶȻٴ½ɲֹҩһĨ˷ܵĹʣƽ
ɣϷ򲻻ٸκεĻᣬɣ
һ˲䣬ȻͣǴһ˿ļһ㿴žɿ̣·Ȼ׷һ㡣
ƣ֮£ҲȻЩˣͳɳƣȴڻһ·֮пˡ
ҩĵǵţͷұȡߣ뵤֮ϣ
ӭŷĿ⣬֪һ̣Լնɱ磬֪ΪʲôҩĪĸеһļ£Ŀʵ̫£µȻʥ۷ǿߵݣһ̣ζƬ̵͡
ˣ
ҩְµ˲䣬米ħ֮һ񣬷һ죬ȻƻеΧһн飬ǿռ䣬Ҳ޷ļ٣
״̬
˲䣬Сħȫ£бԴͷų˼״̬Ӳٶһ˺ѿռĵز
һɲǣҩҲͬû˿ӦĻᣡ
һ˵ٶȣȻԿ쵽ֵزô
ǿ쵽˺ѿռٶȰȻʥ۷ǿߣҲֻ޵ļóٶȵǿ߲ܰĵɣ
һֻа벽ʥ׵Сӣôģ
һ䣬ȴȫĿգȵҩʶһеʱ򣬷ӰȴѾ֮Уûһ˿Ϣ޷׷ˡ
ۣ
ֻصϣҩһѪ˳۾ɵĹԲзһȴվĵ˻֮У
ʧˣ
ϣȻȴòϣĹͷѾֻصȻôʧˣѾ߾ȫҲ޷ֹ
һ˲䣬ҩ·ϵ꣬Ŀ͵գһ仰˵·еϣѾ֮顣
ԡһܾôȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãƺͻȻ뵽ʲôҩ¶һ˿ʣЪ˹
ҪһҪСҪ𣬲Ҫգãܣ
һ˲䣬зԹתΪޣҩɫĺ˳
ǸСƻֻصȻҪɱԼߣСһҲ޷ϴˢֻصʧܵǧˣԲôɵĻȥ
˵з磡
ֻصʧܵӰ߳ҩӶʱ˺ܶ࣬Ƭ֮䣬ͷӦ˹
硭Ϸ˵۽ô٣ħ֮뵽ģС͸뵽ġӲˣȻ̤ƽ죬ϷҲҪң
ҩٴŻ֮ȥ
۽˳ֵϢֻҪųȥ䶯ˣʦݣôľӪһеĲƸȫóΪͣ
Щˣһֻа벽ʥ׵СӣȻǵ۽Σ
һʦĺ޷û֮أ
ǣֻҪصǣγһǵصĴС֮أ


ľ ھʮ һҹ֮䣬𶯣
һҹ֮䣬𶯣
ʦطǣ˷ˣ۽˵Ϣңе򱻷͵ϮԪһܵвƸΪͣ׷ɱ磬ݣ
Ϣһҹ֮䣬ʹ죡
һʱ䣬˶۽ˣⱾѾ˷ˣοŵʦҩ˷ͣ
ʣֻҪܻɱ磬˲ܳΪеˣҩһܵĲƸһ֣֮һ壬һɶ㹻ˣ
οϱŵ۽Լ˵еĸ
ֻҪܹɱ磬ܹ̾ͣջ󣬸ûܾܾ
Ҫǣʦҩƣķɻֻа벽ʥ׵ʵɾ޵Ŀܣ
ĵ۽ˣǳɳʥףܶ˻η壬ϾٶĲƸҲܲУǣֻа벽ʥ׵ĻǼֱһ͵ߵĴ󵰸Ⱑ
ʥ׵ʵѹȥһССİ벽ʥףл
ǰ벽ʥףҲ˴֣ҪΧɱ磬ֻҪ쵽ˣȻҩҲܶѳһʥ۷ǿҩĲƸ
ʱ򣬳ʵ֮⣬ƺҪϾôܻɱ벽ʥ׵ˣֻ¶˭ȷַѣ
ʱ򣬼˶Ѿ̣ǹĵģֻ˭ɱĲƸû˻룬ǲܹɱ硣
ȻҲֻǼ٣һˣյϢʱ򣬲ûиŷ񣬷¶һĨΥЦݡ
ڻҪô
һϮݷ뿿ϣЦ⣬ָû棬ȴһĨս⣡
ݷʦ֣ǲҲȥҷ磿
ԥһ£ĵӣ̲ס˳˵Ҳͬһջݷ¡
ݷʦֻ֣Ҫɱ˷磬ҩЩƸɾͶҽˣĺûᣬɲܴ
ûôЦһ£ݷ˵Ҳδذһûô
ݷĻӶʱЩɵˣݷʦ֣죬׷ɱѵܻȥɣ
׷ɱңãҾһô΢΢ҡͷݷ絭ʵ
ôһݷʦ̤ʥףʵݺ죬˵˭׷ɱݷʦְӵԴҡĸ˹ƵģȻ޷ݷôʳ
ϹŲõЦݣݷڣ·Ǹ⼸ӣַ·˵Լ
ǰ׷ɱδɱҡǾͬɱ˵ϷȤǲǣ
һ˲䣬ȴǶʱĿɿڴ춼ûܷӦֱݷ뿪˰죬ګګı˴˶ӣŵ֮ɫ
ݷʦ֣λľţнгݵĶ󣬾ȻΪǸֻа벽ʥʵĵ۽Ტۣ⡭Ҳ̫˰Ҫ֪ݷѾ̤ʥװ
Сݷʦ˵ʲô
ϷȤ
׷ɱ飬ݷʦֿУȻһȤϷ
Цһ£ȴεҡͷǵľ磬Ȼ޷⣬ݷ˼
⼸ӵ˼ݷȻ̤䣬գڴ
벽ʥףȻѹžôʵɻҺһսӦòʧǲǣҵ̤ʥףҼδһս
һ̣ݷȻ̤֮Уתţ

ĬĬϢ¾ڻ̾Ϣһ
ôãڻˣܣֻһϢǱҩɱ͵Ϣǣ¾ȴܹᵽŨŨϢ
˵ķ绹мһ˵Ļô״̬뷽һν棬ȴĸܵ˷ǿ󣬻ʵҲ㣬ˣȴԲʲôܹɱġ
벽ʥףУһᣬ¾ȴ񷽴绹ͣڰ벽ʥ׵״̬ζʲô
츳ʵ˵ôͣ޷̤ʥףͲţôΨһĽͣǷһֱѹԼľ磬ȴһ״̬һ̤ʥף
ΨһĵӣЩӣڷ۵ϢҲյˡ
Է۵˽⣬ȻţһжǷģôΨһľǣǣǸ۽˷磬Ҳͬ
뵽Щ¾ҲΨпЦˡ
۾ѡˣҪ춼ͱˡˣֻһöô


ľ ھʮһ ֻرԴ
ۣ
һѪ֮Уħ֮񶯣άŷ粻׹䣬ͬʱҲάŷ
Ե֮󣬷ҲûгԹôĿѾˣıԵһתȻôҪ˵ΣգҲδؾΣյһΣۣ֮Ҫ˵Σգ֮ϣǣʱһȴҲڷ֮УڣȴǽȻͬġ
Ϊһ̿ͣǸףƱˣγƵôҹ
һıԴ֮飬ǱԴڵľѾ֧飬ħ֮۽Ϣ֧ţķѾȥˡ
κһ˱Դǿߣ˱ԴһΪ֮ˮвͻ֮ǣ⻹ǵһıԴ飬緽бԴһ飬Ѿ͸ˡ
бԴ󲿷ֵѾħ֮УŸһǼˣҲѾ÷״̬⵽˼㣬޷ͷܿ˵״̬
һ벽ʥǿߣԭܵٴƣҲܽԴ֮ܿƵģΣһЩ޷ʱƣҲ𽥺תǣ񷽴ȴǱԴбԴ飬Դɱ¾ԴҲͬ˱ʣû֮һ飬Ҳ޷ӳӦеЧˡ
ѪɫĳСħسڷļͷԥãȴվҲһʵķʽ
ϣֻرԴ˳⿪ڶطӡǣһеѵбԴϵһһЩԴ֮籾Ҳ
ûȫСħǲںģǣ񣬷ȴûа취ˡ
ĬãСħվǿЦһӿ³һѪɫӡӲ˷Ķͷ֮ϡ
Сħ˶ã⿴ѰѪɫӡȴħ֮ҪĺĿƷģֻеõģħ֮͸Сħܿƣеɾʵ̫ˡ
򵥵˵ɣ֮ǰǷСħìˣͲܿƵħ֮֮ͬǰ֮ʱû֪Ҫõʱ䣬ħ֮ɶбԴգ״̬ǣȴͬħ֮һжڷ֮УҪСħħ֮µµǶȫܡ
Ҫ֪ǿۣҲǸ޷һģ򣬵ҲᱻСħסħ֮Ϲɱȴʼ޷ˡ
Сħ˵Ҫģȫ˵ǹϵǣСħȴվǽ֮˳
ȻⲢСħķ֣˵ôη磬ΪǴ˿̽Щ鷳õķʽ
ħ֮ٶҲվΪ˷ģΪάַ˵Ȼܹ׽磬ط
ȣȣȣ
зһҵĿʶҲٴ˹ɲǣ͸оħ֮Ĳֻ֮ͬǣʱ򣬷ȴûжһ֣˼Ƭ̣㻺䵽СħϣڵңӦô죿
ħ֮Ѿֱӵϵ飬ûʱˣ֮ħ֮ʱѹסˣҲֻʱģ㲻뵽취ͬ
΢˵ͷСħɴĿڣͬû˿ˮ
ô˵ڵѾ⵽ҲѾôƬ̣ڣ֮ȫ˿ĸ飬·Ͳǹϵһ
Ĭ⣬СħҲֻǳĬˣһ緽ԣȻħ֮飬վܵģܹһѾܹļˡ
û׷ʣôĳĬ
ܿѾǾˣķ磬ȴȻûаͷ֮ǰ̫գ֮⾳ǲ׵ˣ֪һͻһ뵽֮ǰҲԲͷ
οСħæħ֮ȶסƣҲΪѾɽˮĵز
ָߵԺ֮ȴȻͷ
ҩֻرԴʲô
һɲǼ䣬Ժ֮оͲԾһͷ˲Ϣ֮䣬˼··͸űˡ
ֻرԴ
ҩҪֻصֱӴֻرԴͼһߣͷȻ񣬵ǣǷҲòϣҩȷгɹĿܡ
Լ̫ĵƺܣһ˲䣬Լʶܿһ磬ԼҲѾˣҩҪֻص˵ҲѾˡ
Ȼ⽫бԴתΪֻرԴһ粢֪Ӧôƣǣ˼·ȴǾԲдġ
ֻҪ˼·ȷôһųɹĿܣԼûǣбԴȴûʧȴǱħ֮УֻҪܹڵƣЩбԴڣδزγֻرԴ׽Σת
֮ضͬһֻأ
ֻһ䣬ǣȴǳ¾Ψһˡ
ò˵սǷ磬ҲȫûаգֻرԴ˵Уֻ۲ܿƵıԴ֮ǿҪмѿ֪
ο񣬷Ҳû̫ʱȥЩˡ
һ£·˷˼Сħڵңһڣ¸޷һͬһͨһ
⻰һǷҲΨпЦˡ
ܶƿɾʵ̫ˣݣѾ˺ˣ۷״̬Ҳδظұ֤棬οȫܶκˣֱҲû̫
ô˵񷽴ΨһǶһµʱȥƴֻرԴˣãǣƺȴҲѾΨһĿˡ
һ˿ԳЦ⣬΢΢ҡҡͷڵСħȥǡ
ôҾãõصص㣬Ӧû򣬼㲻κڿػϵ裬ҪػǺ׵ġСħʵ
ǣٴӿ³ȴᶨ
ȷ㲻Ƿ˰ɣĿɿڴĿŷ磬СħҪˣȻ˵ΣյĵطȫĿܣҲ÷ɣ״̬ȥʱ˵Ǳ©ˣһףҲһ㡣ҪĻкܶõѡ񡣡
˭˵Ҫ㣿һĨâ絭ʵ
һ仰ʱ㽫СħŪˣڣҲûٲȥ˼ˡ
˵ҩҪˣ
СħֱѾˣ״̬£羹ȻҪɱҩֱЦǣƫƫһô˵һ֮ӡ
˻СǣǴ̿Ͱ


ľ ھʮ Իһ
ǣһϮ£ŲڽϣһѾƺԵõģƺʲôϡ
࣬ʵҲģü֮仹żֲţٲȻһȻѹӵɣֻǣϸ۲죬ͻ֣ᷢ⿴ܺõ꣬ʵϾǸǹͷȫпõġ
ڣûκαԴϢҲ΢֮׶Ϊǿ֪ôҩѻģˣڵǣһ˶ķɣûʸõκ˵ӡ
ļһضȻǴĸСϵӵܣ˵ˣֺó棬ȫûκηչǰ;ʱŻԵҲˣ㿴䣬Ȼžƺֱǻ֮
·˵İۣԹԵžƺʱʱĹһڣôȻڽй䣬żϷһ½ֱߣһûʲôʵŮǸֱ̬Ż
ƣҪþƣ
ֶƬҶӣҡڵߵһҾ¥ǰưİͷߺȵ
þƣĵĺһ¥СƤЦⲻЦĿڵ⵹кþƣҶӣģҪǸӾƵĺá
ޣˣɸƲүǵõľү𡣡ɫǺ죬ŭһڣק´ӣֱҵСǰϣһĽҶӡ
ɣСȴԽĲмˣڵǣ¥ҲһģĺþƣȫԴ۸ģӣȻһҶӾ͸ͷǲ֪ߵغĴ
ƲƲ죬СһתԴɾӣһ֣ҲǸƷԴõģҪƷԴܻһҶӣܻþô
⻰һʱͨ죬ګګİ춼ûӦǺǿŤŲŭ쵰ƷԴһƣôȥ
ϣô˵ôϴŵĺһ˦СһЦӣˣôҲʲôطôɲģҲǲ˹ˡ
а벽ʥ׵ʵСȻǲ˷ģǣȴ׶ǿˣɻ㶼ᱻġ
ڵǿôľ¥Ҫ˵ûе̨ôܣԶĲ˵İ벽ʥ׾ңʵҲǰ벽֮൱ǿġ
ôһһǸ֣ǲŵǲ֪ôġ
һƣƶʱήˣ㬵Ĳֹ֪һʲôʹĴӻ˼鼫ƷԴСĵ΢СһЩģһĵϣһſ
ޣƫ˹ۿ˵ͣүûǮôһͷʹĸоѹȥְڳһǮļƣС
˷ۣСȴҲûٷô˵˼ǮƵģȻǮȻûټҵɣңҿǼһʹӣƷԴ˵ҲһСĿô˾ƣתȥ֪Ҫʹʲôأֺαţ
һˣСƲƲ죬ӹľƺ˸ŵתȥ
˵ģһҪǸȱģүɾӦͻȻʲôһ䣬¶Էٸһǰ㡣
룬ߺȵˣһľҲ㡣
⻰һԭΧֵˣǺЦһ֪˵
ӣǸ᲻úƷԴģ˾ƣҪģȻһֱĺþƣ˵ˣǰ벽ʥ׵ǿҲǳܲġ
ЦʲôЦүǵһ¿ζǶʲô
ԹԵǿһ䣬ҲΧЩˣԱߵƲ콫ϵǮ˻İŪĳǲ֪ģֻµҪΪҲǸˡ
ģˣֵǣɸոյõһϢ
˺ЦͬʱȴͻȻһ󺺴˽ɤôһ𣬵㽫˵ע˹ȥ
ֶЦСȻνĴϢջ
ȻǱҲϢĲᣬǴȴҲûͬհ˵θڣԿڵڸոգҵõϢ˽ݵҩʦĸϡ
⻰˲ԽĲˣʲôϡģҩʦ첻յģҲǴϢ
٣ѰİΪһĵôٺٵЦһ漴ڵɲǰݼģģԻ


ľ ھʮ Ի
̽İ濴ûκ쳣ĵطȻһ򿪣ɱȴʥǿҲΪ֮ݣ
ֻأ죡
Ѫɫ飬֣ɷ裬ÿһз·̺ĪɱѰףֿһᣬֻ¶пܾܴ̣ѾﵽһֺŵĵزȻʥǿ߼ҲòΪ֮̾͸һĨĺ⡣
·Ȼдһ֣һ춼ֿȣ˾֪֡磡
ž
̽İҩֶ˵ϣ·ǾͲֻһЦѣֵ÷һ˼
ֵҲмζȴûʸϷ
ҩϣ˵죬ǻδҵȻͷǿ벻̣֮ڣҵȶȻ׼ҩߵĻɫһ䣬ɭȻڡ
⻰Ȼмֺõ˼ǣƾĶۣȴҲûаѷôһ벽ʥ׿С
ȻȲϷ콣ˣǣҪʵҲͬʥ۷ǿߣڵУϸ˵һܹȡҩģҲֻǸ޾յˡ
˼ʱƺҲйһʱõֶΡҩҡҡͷ˵˲ͬۼģ£ܹӵҪ˵лûаҲǺ˵˵
ɱϢʱѾͨһЩ˼飬ɾС
ֻǣҲû뵽羹Ȼ˿Ķ
֪ߵغ񣡡һǻںıĵ˼ֵطҲܸô˼磬ƾǵСܺһʱ죬ǸһСѣҩϷģұȡ׼
ˣȥɣЩ־硣͵İ˰֣ҩԸ
־磬򵥵֣ƺѾ¶ˣңֹҩʵϣˣҲôΪģ˵ҩʥ۷ǿߣߵĻ˾ˡ
ŵ˵ҩڵֵطǶɲϧ۵ĹҲδؾһκεҩһ־޴ĲƸֻҪҩһ仰˵ǿ߶ԸΪڵʦĵ˸ס
Ų豭Ʒһڣҩüͷȴǲʱ򣬸ǣ羿ôģ˵ƾʲôܹô̵ʱ֮ڻָܵԼҡ
бԴĺκ˶㷽Щ⣬δʱֻڻҵıԴľҲû˳Ŷԣǣǰڵϣ·쳰Ц
ΪʦһϣҩžԵİգƣûô̵ʱ֮κãԳ֣Ҳ޷ϾУ籾Ӧñġ
ҡҡͷҩվǷ⣬˵ЩҪˡ
۷ʲô״̬վһȻŪʲôˣ͸ˣֱ޿ӡ

㾿Ҫʲô
ͬһʱ䣬һϮݷҲͬ˵֮У߸ĵӣȻδй¶ݣǣݷʣߵ˸ȥ
ڣݷȻܹɵ⣬Ƕ߹ҲֻܷЩͬȴ޷һֲĽ뽣ˡ
豹棬̤ʥ֮ݷڽϵľ磬Ȼﵽһ˸ĳ̶ȡ
ݷʦ֣ôˣݷ쳣ߵĽ̲סѯʵ
ôûлشӵ⣬ݷ粻ɫķʵ
ʣ˳ҲͻشˣǼȻݷʵģǾͲܵģſھˣ˼Ƭ̣⽣ӲŻڵ̫ģƺΪŪһ㣬Ҫɱһˣʲôֶζԣһɱֵķʽ߾͸ɴֱӴȥȡʤǣ߶Էķʽȴʵ̫Ū
ĻǽӲû˵Ǵ֮УѾֲܹмˡ
һ޽ĵӣһĶڽ֮ϣϣܹдַʽȴôҲϵģǿⴿǷ˵Լ
΢΢ͷȻֻشݷҲǱȽġ
ܹôණƣѾܿɹˡ
Һܺ棬ʲôȻһЦݷڣȻ⽣ӵĻش𣬵ȴȻֲͬ²⡣
ݷʦ֣᲻̫߹ˣԥһ£ǵվ̲סٴοڵ
ǰҩĵҩʦҽ󣬵ҲԸҩʦѾǣŪ־ֻ¸޷ճˣֻЦѣˣݷʦᲢۣ
΢΢ҡͷݷֻЦ
־ô
κһˣܶóۣȴԲڴУǸһŪôĳ棬Բ޼յģ򣬼ҲףԷҪΰ쵽
ֻأ죡
ʣȻҲЩģȴƺжʲô⣬ңҪ˴ϵҩأеѶȣǳɱӣݷʵҲû̫İܹ쵽
ҲΪˣԲԽԵȤ
ݷ翴Ǵһۿô֣ҲͲֵ̫˼ˡ

˺üͷȻһǻ͸һĨɱɭȻ飬Ҽ飬˺ЩӴˣ޾ϸʸ
Цһ£ǻȴԽĲм
ʱ򣬸ͲŪʲô󵼣־Ƶ֮£ʲôֻҪһͱȻСģٻҲƾ
ԷĺܴǴһʼͲһƽȵľֻܹԼңȴǵĴΪУ
һ壬һ£ٸҲֻһˣңȴǼ˵ǻۣ˴ӡ֤ģ
⻹ֻ֮ϣ֮⣬Ҳͬ޵һ
µһöӿʼʵһĽʵѾעˣֻǣöѡ
ȻⲢƽϱνƽ
ֻһСӣȴҪһ׷Ůı£˧ģǣûҪĶ֣ܳãһڰɣ
Ѿɽϲһ仨ʱ򣬻˼ѾһָĻ䣬ڵϰںúɽ˵Ĵˡ
гŮ¥µʱ򣬿ģҲֻһܳŮֱˡ
ͯԶֻͯʵѪܵġ
ʵһϵĹƽ


ľ ھʮ ͸СңӵϢ
бžƺȻһ벻ںӣŶȣϣϣԵԽֱ߷һѱڹӽʵеĳ˿쳣
λӣҪС˶Ѿˡ
˵֮䣬ԵСѾ߰˵µСˣ׿鲻ᣬеȤȴҲĽˡ
°ɡƤû̧һ£국ԸЩ˵޹ؽҪ飬ֵö໨Ѱ˼
ȤˣʵҺ֪㾿ƾʲôôȡͬʱСıͻȻ߳һˣЦſڣƽ֮ȴһɸ߸ϵư
˵֮ˣԼĪʮͣɫĳ͸һӺ֮ȻֻôվţһǿƵϢȴȻӿһ־ǿƵѹƣҪκε˵ʥǿߵݾѾࡣ
ǺþƣǺòˣκȴЩɷ羰񲻿ϧ
ҡͷԵֹţȫûҪ˼еľƺδй˿Ĳ
ԣϲ㰵ѿ𣬽һǧޡͬŵЦ⣬аһȣ赭дĿڣȫû˿ɫȻ֣ȴǵɡ
ǧԣո̤ʥ֮ʱ¹һ֮ɱһСɵսȻʥ۷ǿߣ۷ͷȴһЩʥ۷ǿ֮¡
ƷԴһҾͲˣӾȴ޷ƺû֮һ˦֣һƵԶȥ
ССһƺôһɳȥȴƫƫ͸һϣϲûиʲôֲǾ򵥵һȴԵɫʱ˼֡
Ҫʲô˺ȣĳȻþƣȴҲףǻͶԴһľƣҲûʲôζԡж˾ƺɵĽ֮ӵУԵԹŵЦ⣬ںֻһӾƣ΢΢һѹһɾƼһȥ
Ȥǣһ֣Ҳͬûжʲôͬͨһɵж˿̻ϢȻмڣܿļʵԶȵƸҪѵĶࡣ
ȻһЦץӳһڲˣżڵǧ޴ݹ٣ܲǾΪһӾưɣ
۽˷ҲֻΪ˸˭ЦɣŭԷеȣ󷽷ߵԹԵӳһСˡ
ƾһˣаô̧ͷɨһۣݷʵ
ҩȻǵʦȴǴδйЩ鵤˵󣬵ĳȴҲδطϡɹȻһЦԵֻҪˡ
ʧˣ۾ʣ·һж벻⡣
һ֮ǰҼһˡ¶һ˿˼֮ɫڵȻֻǳʥףǣһսվˡ
⣬¶һ˿֮ɫֻȴȻδʡ
Ҫʲô赭д˵İֻܼһ̣ȴܸоĵв˿Ҳû˿޺֮⡣
ƾһ㣬Ծ࿴ˡ
ˣҲǴ˼Ϊңӣ
һ仰һȻ͸һĨâɭȻԣܲδ˵һĨѹȸȻɢȻԵʵһҲеһļ¡
֪Ϊʲôܹĸоǰ⿴޺̺һɼΪΣյϢԶЩʥ۷ǿ߸µĶࡣ
Ƭ֮䣬ȴͻȻЦңòΪ˵Щɣ
ӻһ͸СŵǰϣԻ˵Ҳ֪ģںΣգܹҵ㣬ҩˣͬҲܡ
ʵԥòøҴӦĳŵ˵⣬ԵҲ¶һ˿֮ɫҩĸǿҪɲҪ۱ˡ
ûԣһ̣еע·Ѿŵһ糤̵͸С֮ϣƵ͸һĨɫ
ңӣ˼һ֮ԼλʦҲ̤ʥ״ôһСʲôƵģȫɿռ䱾Դɣŵ˵ܹ۳һѽңȶ̶ֳȣԷڿռ䱾Դϵĸ򣬿ҲѾˡ
ռ䱾ԴⱾһּΪıԴʵԽܹףռ䷨ǿᣬܹռ䱾ԴɣȻҲԳƵһǿˡ
ʱңСɾķʽԼԼҪΣڱ֧ԼȻҪǿһսҲϧ
һɲǼ䣬·˼磬µʱʱңӱķʽӲΪԼһƬ죬ΪԼǿӲѹȺۣȻ飬ȴѾˡ
̤죬Լ֮ңڵһʱķʽ̬ȣԼж
ɲ˼磬λ⣬û˸ҷԶս£ȻңѾռ䱾ԴɣҲǣȻСǸԼȻλʦҲȻỤԼһ統˼֮ʱһ
ԭϵһĨɱ⣬ڳɢȥƬ̣Ὣ͸С뻳УŻ˵лˣȻҵϰߣȰ뿪ǣذɡ
ʱȻҲףԴԲ޶⣬ȴȻܳΪɣ
Ѿ£ûа;ϵĵ
Ȼ̬ȼŭˣһ˿ɫɭȻΪʲôˣ԰벽ʥ֮ͼսҩĵʦϧʦΪˣ
СӣԸ̸κκøУΪֿ̬ȣЩ񣬵Ƕңӣȴǵ浱ѵģңӽӴȻ࣬ȴҲףǰСΣգңӱضϧǰȻռ䷨ɣҪսҩĵʦҲɶ˻ȡ
ĽҲԸģԣڸǣþֶĻҵ˷ټȻҲмĳɷ֣ȻˣҲǲʵ
˿ɣֻҪʱ䣬ҩ˾;Բ޵
ضԣȻ£ұ㲻΢΢ҡͷƽĿڣذɣˡ
֣֣ŭЦЦһСӣұҪƾʲôţ
һ£Ȼǣָۣ֧÷Ȼģһ


ľ ھʮ 
ǧޣԵİԳһң֮Դռ䱾Դںϣ۷İַ֮УȻʥ۷壬ȫֵȴնɱʥ۷ǿߵʵ
֧÷ڿģжŭ㰭ңӵݣܵɱ˷磬һ֣ݺݽѵһҲǱزģֻǣĪģȴҲԼżΣҪǰֻа벽ʥ׵Сһ﾿ܸܲԼһЩ⡣
ңӵʱңӶӱֳ̫ǿҵģͨңӣҲ֪˺ܶ෽˼飬òϣСһһΪó漣ˡҩ̫³çˣҲϣܴӷϿֲͬҲң֪һ
ֻǣǣԼѾſʱ֣ܳȻȴȻûаӦĴ㣬һ·ûвһС
ǵˣ˦ȥգ֮Ҳͽ֮ɱˣǣ˼һܹº֣
ǼʦѣҲֵģǲɱ֣㻹ذɡüͷ΢΢𣬷ȻǲĿڣ˿̻̬֮ȴͬǳļᶨû˿ҡ
Եĳһ⣬⣬Ϊ̬ȸıɣͲΪ˵Ϊĳ֣ʹԼĲáοԣֺγһ۾Ϳ͸ˣ
ֻҪԼ֣ǻҲֻǸɵۡ
ֻı¶ԼݣǧȻǿҪӵԼֻ»ԶԶȻûж⣬;Բְ׳յ
Ҳ᷽룬ֽ̬ȴĵȷȷƵĲûѪڵǣԷģѾСжʮ߰˿ˡ
Сӣ㵱ΪҾûа취ôһ˿â俪ڣ͸һɽͲϣԼ͸һɱ
ǹһĨЦ⣬ȴվûлش
βԵ˼ʱѾóֶԵİҲַʽ֤һԼʵģϧ˵֤ʽûҪҪǣڵûʵ
һͲӲǿߣֻ̽ԵĹҲܡ
ǣЩ͸ܸԽˣֻ·ǵ÷ɣĲ˵ִ⵽СħҲûô
̤̤
ͬʱһŲͻȻҲ״뷽ֶŵ״̬գ֮䣬ǿֲƶʱȥ·һжûзôӶȣڷ粻Զ
ˣˡЩ£ʱҲû˻Щˣ˵˸û¥ΧģֻǼſףȫװĻѡ
Ϊ׵Ļɫ͸һ˷ĿֲϢӥ΢΢ŵС۾ֻվţѾԸѹˡ
Ҹý㷽磬ǵ۽ˣ
΢ĬƬ̣ӥ촽ڣȴһ˿ɵһ仰Ѿȶ˷ݡ
ôƺƲƲ죬Ȼ˵ЩҸҵľƺ֮Ужپơ
Ѿ޵ͨ쳹֮ܣֻ֮·һŷ磬ӥɭȻ˵һ̤صɱһѳʵĳݺŷѹ
ʥףʥǿߣϢסƬռ䣬ʵһЩģʱͻʧȥһз
üͷָ΢÷Ȼģȴʵòǲ׳ȥ
һԤϵһͬҵǵЩ˱ͬҵĵֻǣЩ˵ٶȴԤƵĻҪܶѡ
ƾĶۣΪңӵĹģԺ֣ӥȻҲʥףǣֻҪ֣ЩҲסǣһ֣ǣɾʵ̫ˡ
ԷȻܹҵ⣬ѾŷѾ©ˣ£ֻҪ̵ܶʱ䣬ǵǿ߾ͻ½Ǹʱ򣬱˵һˣʮҲͬΪԼҲȥ
Ȩ֮£վ̾Ϣһ˳ֵĴ㣬ôһڵǵ֮ǰҵ磬ҲǶԵңˣʣµģҲֻǿԼ컯ˡ
꣡
Ȩ˲䣬еľƺȴȻѣһ˲䣬ˮһķǣԭ̬ݵķ磬һ̶ͷҲ亹ƺҪ᲻ˡ
һɲǵʧӥǷ·Ȼ뵽ʲôһѱץס˷ӣ͸ĸ֪˷ڵˣ
һ˦֣ӥ͵Ľ˦˵ϣǿֲɱ㲻˵ģ
ͻȻıʣȴȻ˶ˣһ̣ҲЩͷˣзһκˣȴǰֶ˵
ҡҾǷ磡͸һ˿־֮⣬ȴȻǼŻش
ƨ
ݺݵһߵϣӥǵķζҪըˣô󹤷ԭΪ󹦵֣ȴ˲侹Ȼ־ҵʵ̲סҪѪˡ
ôһһȻǷǻ쵰ųĻôЩӣ˳ǸؤѾˣȴ룬һΣȻһٻ
ۣ
ӥǱϾʥǿߣѾˣһȥҲ̲סһѪ˵ľή˲٣죬Ҫ˵Щʲôȴʼղû˵
ĴҲҸ˵Ƿ磬㵱ΪҸһôһӥɭȻ˵Ҵȥ̿ʣҾͲţôȥڲ
ܶԼʵģӥȴҲϾɵϣҩԿƵҩ¾ɱ׷ɱʵǲʥףҲ̫ģǣڸûа㱾Դ֮ĴڣҲ߰㣬ǿֻ׵СѣҲ֮ǰһɻЩ֮ǣٻǼٻԣһ֣̾¶ˡҴԲѵĺųƾǷ磬Ƿôʵ粻֪ɱ˶ٴˣܻڣ
Ƿ絹ҲֶΣȻһΰ˶ˣˣŵʵڹĵģôȥֵ֪˷Ѷٹܲˣ
ȻƾĶۣǻҲûϵֵֵĹͷߵĸоɾʵ̫ˣҩӣץ磬ǻõĺôֱκ˷ˣʥǿҲԲ⡣
ƺƵĴˣѾֱߣӥǼֱһѹûעⲻԶԣȻע⵽͸Ĺˡ
ļһô


ľ ھʮ ̣ı
飡
ݺݵǽϣȻһƲ˺ݺݵ䣬岻ȻĲдѪɫȻѾƵ˼£ֽ֮ϣȫţ֪ʼΪ⣬Ȼǰ벽ʥ׵ǿߣһϣҲѷֺ
ģСӣͦӲȻӲݺݵһڣһֻ̤ߵĵϣ˫ߣϸߣֱȻץһ̺ޡ
Ѿڻʮˣڵı͸һĨ죬¶Ҫ߳ѰĻ̫࣬ͨѾڻˡ
ͫ΢΢һƺҪ˵ЩʲôȴվֻǿǴ󺺵δ˼־⡣
ƺˣǼǳĩģǳôдһ˿֮ɫ󺺲ļ˵ҲǷ𣬶ҩʦĵ𣬱˵ǿ׵Сӣ˱Դİ벽ʥף£ҲӲȥƤʹζ˿ݲġ
ԭĻѾǳѹˣôһڣ͸һ䣬˻ð
ҧ촽Ȼ͸һ˿֮ɫˣ촽΢ƺҪ˵ʲôȻǴȴǸûٸԥĻᣬݺݵһȻ
ž
һ˲䣬ѪĽһ˵ıӣֻҪһ£ѾƤˡ
ʹ˻˲쳹ΣŤȴקţҵʹ֮£ֵҲЩ˻ˣȻʹȴô˿ϴһĨ˷֮ɫ󺺷һ޳£պ޳ϣ˲ܽƤ̽һζѪ֮У˵Ĳпᡣ
УУʲôˣҪˣȥ־Ѿ״ݻˣЪ˹ĴһеļĿ֮£·𶼴ĸһֽһ
ôˣ󺺵һ˿Ū֮ɫɲӣ˵㲻ӲͷôôҲóŹʮӰȻԺĸҸҫӲͷ
ʮӣ֣귢ƵŤ壬ſڵҪҲӲͷʲôˣ㲻ҪˣʲôˣҲǷ磬ǡ

ˣСˡ
ϥ֮ǰ̱ƹʱʧĸɸɾЦţͬ͹ƵģΨһûں˶Է
˵Ĵӿ³һ֣۽΢΢ûаϻ˼
С˷ʮƷԴңŵ³֮󣬰Դͳɰ벽ʥסӣʵʵĻشҲ֪ôСӹԻȻˣҲ룬ôƭǣܻܲǸʱ򡣡
ɾͰ벽ʥףһ˿мʲôòңô㶫ɣ
ɾͰ벽ʥףϣ˵˭װ˰쵽һ㣬ɾҩҩʦֶΣһˣ˵ǰ벽ʥˣǳɾʥҲδȫ޿ܡ
ĻǴ󺺶ʱЩˣСڿ֮£ʲô˵ˣԷֶΣСҲԲ֪ʲôǣֻǣʥʵĻͳȴҲұⰡֻڨڨͷ˵һߡ
ûõķˣȥ
͵һ֣Ը֮ǰû̫࣬񣬼ȻһЩȻа취ݲˣ֮ǰ˵·ʲô۶ӣֻҪ֣ܻѰǷһһݷͷۡ
Ƭ֮䣬̤˹ĺεУѥ̤ڵϷ˵죬ͬ޹һ㣬ݺϣһɪɪŬ̧ͷˣ㣬Ұɣʲôˣʲô˰
ں֮У̬ȵˣҲ֪٣ȫûа֮ģĴ֮ǰһӲͷƵ꣬ôҿδذɣ֮ǰǵ̷ֻëë꣬û°
ˣʲô˰
Ҫץס꣬ɭȻЩϻ˵ʲôôûУ
Ȼһ漴ƴˣĲ֪ʲôǸ³ŵȫڲģʲô֪ˣҲܸ˵ʲôİ
֪ô͸һ˿ڽ֮ɫȻˣҪã
һۣǴ󺺶ʱᣬٴߵ֮̾ǰȻδ˵Ȼѡ̾ߵĶٲȻѾĿ־ˡ
ҪˣҪʲôҪʲôҶСһתΣ֮£ʱӦ˹Ǳĺ
һ˿֮ɫ˰֣ȻڵܺãȻûңȻѾˣô͸ףӦô
˷ԸСһô⡣ԴȻǼΪģæĿڵƺҲұСˡ
һᣬǾͻȥʱ򣬷һϵģô˵ô
΢΢һȴǶʱЩګګˣô˵治֪
ûһ˹ȥŲ͵Ľ͵ҲɵӣȻ䵽ˣȻͱҵˣĿľ̽
СףСһؿƿԲ͸©ȥġӵǴ󺺸Լ⿪ϵͷĻش
㲻˵ҪȥãĿͬһ䵽ϣɭȻڵ˵ңԸһܸ㣬ɾͰ벽ʥףĪΪҩʦ첻ɣ
⣬ȴǳɵˣȫˣƺ̣Ѿȫ޷ı仯ˡ
ȻִͷԵӣȴӽ͵㲻̫࣬ҵķԸȥǣϵ㣬ô˵
ֶһ飬ȷѾЩˣĵ˵ͷˣԹˡ
ڵȵ仰ʱ⣬ĨһͷϵĺС˳ȥӹŹش˸תȻܻŻȥĺˣҲˡ
뿪ŴˣôСô
ҲУҲûСĺһ粻ϲıôҾ棬˭
У
ڰֻǱǣűߣҪһЩӣǵĲߣôһ벽ʥףڵǣҲֻıƣѵָŴɣ
ȻûȤ͸࣬ȻˣֻҪ˵ĻˣСӶˣʲô¨ӣȵץסʱȻٲĹͺͺô


ľ ھʮ Ը
޷ܾջϷţ̵ס
Ų豭ҩնĿڣѾԵüΪϣȻü֮ǷȴȻ˿ûм١
ҩϷģǵѾ׵ֻҪͶûܹųȥĻᡣ͸һĨ⣬ҩһ֣ͬŵĻش
ԵǵǲúŶԷ¶ԷôЩ˻治ԼĨˣҪ֪ԷҲֻһ벽ʥ׶ѡ
ֻǣ壬ԷһôȻ֣һµģǣµͷҲδ⻹Щ
٣ν鿴ûʲôȻϷȴָ΢ҩϷһֱţô̵ʱ֮ڻָʵЩӵĵǣ²ôƽ٣˵ףҪϷҩָ֮ʵϷᣬҪûӡ
⻰˵ȥҩ⻤˵ȻʵϣȴΪ˵Լ
˲ͬڷ磬ʹ֮⣬ҲòϷֶ츳ΪֻصΨһӣҪĨɱˣܲӣ
ҩ뷽һԿʵ
һΣĽ棬ֲ˭ʤ˭ȻƭΪ¯Ȼȴվһ񣬲δƳֻصҲûնɱ硣ôһΣⵤ֮УȻƣǾ;ݲʧܡ
ⴢ鵤ĵ⣬͸ĵһݴҲĿˣ

ײײٴλصǰܹǾң˫ʱʱĴ궯ǷǳţȻ͸һ˿ҵɫȴվ˵ġ
˵
ı黹һᣬû˿ķϻһ֣СҲֵôһ֣⻹֮֮Ŵ
ˣҼˣմ˵ķԸСĿһû©ĸˡЩŵ͵˽һۣͷٲҶһۡ
Ŷô˵΢һ׷ʵ
û˵ʲôֻЦᵽƺ˷統ʱı飬ηӣС˺ܾãҰ
˵ţһֽ͵˽ǰ
ֽǺֽͨûа쳣Ψһͬǣֽɷĸֻ֣͸֣ܸܵһ˵뽣⣬Ǳʼ֮ϣһģһ
һ˲䣬ǽҲס˺һǿҵƣȻʥǿߵʵҲܹܵһѹָС
Ը
ֽϵĸ֣ûвҲûгЦȻȴܸܵԼ̸едǶ˷ϻһ̣ܹܵԷЦȻ赭дĴӿ³ĸֵĲм
ûǲмһַ·ѾϤһУȴмһ˵Ľ
ͷһΣĪĸܵһǿҵѹĸֻѹ󣬵ǣĸҲдҩˣдģĸ֣ͬվ˷Ķ棬һĵ۽ˣ
һڽߴĸ˻
֪ˡ˰֣ԭǴģȻڻڵ˲䣬ȴȻϸܵһ˿ͬϢһȻץ˽ǰ
ֽץĸ첲ϣ˿԰׵ɫǺ⡣
ľ룬ĸоĸ첲һĺۼȻȫ޷ֱۼʲôǣƾоܸܵӦǷϵļǺţ˵ãܸӡҵķλ̽Լڵλá
һˣȴǶʱЦ˵ʲô
µԥ˰죬С˵˵˵Ȼ˴ӦôŵҪ˵һܾġ
⻰һתҲ˷˼
ȥʱ򣬾˵ֻҪҲܹͬԴ̤벽ʥף񣬷ҪŵȻҲ޵ķʸ
ԼҪĲϵ˲Ҳ˷˼
粻ɵӣ˼һһŴ̾ͻģֲˣҪҲ͵ȷ浱ҪĶ֮󣬲ŷֻһͷβƭ֡
˼ԣðտԣȡҲԣǣȵȷ֮ҪĶ
һֲǣǽҲòϣ۽ˣһֱŴƳƾֶĿܣ
ɱ磬Ҳ֣ͬ㹻ĺôͳһ˫Ļڣǰӵ꣬ɾһ̽·ʯͷ
ɱ꣬ĨȥϵӡǶòѣǣһôˣҲʱͻ÷
ЩЦһ£˵˼Сӣˣ˵ĻȻ͸߰ɡ
㷽粻ҪһôãҾ͸ֱӽ뵤⵱УƾӡǸ֮ܵаҩҲܴӵ֮лһЩôȴǻ벻ġ
ôһǿ׵Ĵſն鵤ҩԶˣΨһĽֱӽű
ңǽǷ綼ֻ̽һöӣңעӣ
ڴӵ֮лöٺô絽֮ʱڣ˿ռ䣬ʱ򣬵սನԽɱˣȻ˷֪ܵȻҲһָ
Ȼǲ֪Щ˼ģĲ֣ҲһСܹģʵʵĸŽ˷ܣ첻ͣɵЦȻѾʲô벻ˣҲǣʺʵܹлƾ鵤ԴֱĸԵƾԼʵһӿҲûʸһ鵤
ϧЩȴעֻǾˮ£αʱŻʵĲпᣬǸʱ򣬼ҪҲˣ
вû˿УСҪСԾΪһ棬Ҿǿ߶ԾУҪ׼
ƽ޹ʵģôһСﵹܴлЦ
֮·ǿʳûӦʵͲҿĻǾֻԼˡ
ȻЩͷڽҲһţҪǣӦٶһЩ׼һʧĸ֣ͬѹһ治ãıƾֶҲ˵ҩγͷǶ棬λʥǿˡ


ľ ھʮ 
صʯʮףңƣʯţƾƽ⣬Ҳʥ׵ʵ򣬼û˹ܣĴûʮҲŶ롣
ҩⲢ಻൱һũСԺĴСȻеҩȴŨĿ£껹ûЩҩ뵫ǣΧŨҩеһ󼤵ŵ˵ֵطٶȾԱҪϡȻǻԵɺϣѰףʸֵطС
ͬµͻȻһ㣬ֱ̰΢̬һŻͬӲݰ
ЩȴǾԲ˵ģҲһҪˣαظƽϣ
Щ죬ʹɣΧĵҩȡãסˣʵǷ̫鵤ֱӳűҲǰЦƳһۣڣĵӲݰֻǲⱰ΢С˷鵤ѡ
˷ģСס嫵鵤̬ȸģ޲ñסĴһӲֲźá
ĺһתȥһֶ˵
֨
ʯŻرգͷ˷ģСһôʧġ
䣡
صʯų׹رգȴĪһ꣬·ʲôһ㣬˵Ļȴѹû룬ʧʲôʧģߣѵǴΪлųɣ
룬ٴҩĸۡȥô飬Ҫҩ㱨һ²ǣֽҲҲ˽
ȻЩϣǽεķ֣ʱţļһȻѾһеѹҲ֪ʲôʱѾȫû֮һ벽ʥ׵ļһͬġ

ǹһĨЦ⣬ôڵִĿռץһƣݲȵĺƲʲôþƣǣȴһʡ
͵ŵ
˵֮ǰֳһСı΢ôһ̣һоյݡ
νСʱеĺȾƣֻᱻǰĵҩԻ󣬷ܲȥȡͬһ鵤þһҲĵôĵҩ
ǣ꣬ôڵϣû˿̰еĽֻǼֵϷѡ
꣡
һ΢ĳѪɫСħѾļϣǰһУȻСħҲֻǿЦˡ
磬ݣ
죬Сħ˷ۣվ̲סһ䡣
һУˣҲ޷󣬾ȻܹķʽһֱǷ˼Ϊ˴ﵽһĿģһУȻҲ޻˵
ڷǿ˵ܶʱӱҪΪ˴ﵽĿģȻܹװһ΢Сһÿ裬˱ϥЦЩ޷飬Ƿƫƫˣ赭дΩΩФ
ĳЩʱСħỳɣԼǲǼǴˣǰ˸ͲǷ磬ǷֵһС
ʱЩȴҪˣΧЩ鵤õĻر
ĽȿյľƺӵһߣȻɨΧЩҩѰʺϵͬǶһ¡
أбԴֱ֮ħ֮ɵڵķһʱ̣ͬһ鵤ɾָѵ
ˣҲڻ˶˼֣ˡ
νĶȴȫûзϵģʵʲô̶ȣһûбģǾǷĴ֮̿ģһ̿˵ֻҪܹﵽĿģ۲ʲôֶζҪ
αװܹԼɲǿߣҽӣŮˣȻҲܱɱ΢Сåؤ
ֻҪܹﵽĿģЩֻǿõСֶζѡ
νĿ̣ڷ˵ʲô㲻ϣٴ˶ˣҪһĿ̾޷ܵĻǷѾ֪ٴˡ
ɣ
һܹõϵĵҩ˴˿õĲҩһ޸ŷڻҵƣָԴ֮
һ˵嫵鵤Ͳն٣ǶڷбԴɣͬʱӵдɵԴԼɱ¾Դı̬˵ȴͲʲô޷յ״
һʼһκ޹˼ɵɣͬˮ㣬һԵĽЩҩ˷ľٶֻܿ·ǵɣôɷʥǿߣֻҲпܱű

ˣˣ
ָߵƵ죬ҩȴʼûпڡ
һֽôǰϣɷĸ֣͸һɵѹ˵ȻǳԷֱʣдһԱϵּҩžԵš
ǣ֪ΪʲôҩȴǾãһЩʲô
һжģôʣѾˣĲ֮£ҩͲţԷʵѵĻᣬǷӲָ۷״̬ҲС
Ĳ˵ǰڵΧʥ۷ǿ߾ټϲúõĿռأȻʥ۷ǿУҲǱɡ
ǡδҲ̫һЩɣ
û̫ˣ
һ˲䣬ҩȻ͸һĨâɭȻȥϸļڵ֮ˣֻҪɣһĨɱɴɱɷŹ
ϣҩͬǳݻĶ飬ûǱ뵤飬δؾôΪαװֶΣ
ʲôֵĻôһԻݶ֣ԼõŴδؾס·񣬵ȷϷһ硣
ҩȴݲðʧģȻ뵽ЩҪ׷·
΢һҲ漴Ӧ˹ףҩϷģһŲ飬ң۷ҪˣʲôֶΣҲҪ뵤ģֻҪغõ⣬ҵᡣ
Ҫһ˿©ҪǱʤĽôĿٴ䵽ϣҩڣεѹȻ͸ǽһ̣ͷҲЩðƬ̵ͣת˳ȥ
СģССģ
ѾߵһˣҩݲʧˣʲҩᵽĿܣһ˵Ҳ̷Ӧ˹αװǰλ۽˲Ǿͨαװô
΢αװҲվǼٵģԳ氤̽Ͳ˭ܹ۾Щ˭⣬ڵϸ΢ϰߣʣЩһŲ飬лɱֱӳĨɱû˿Ĺ˼ɣȻǴɱһЩΣֻҪܹƳ磬ջ
һˣҩжʱһĨɱЦһŵķȥ


ľ ھʮ Ը
ˣ
ħ֮ӰȻֶ죬бԴϢӿСħŽƣֲϢ˲ϢܳƵΧȫ
ҩϵĻۣѾ˷ɵļޣۻжҲ޷ı䷽籾վǲδͻƵʥ׵ʵ԰벽ʥ֮бԴҲվ޷˿ֲҩ
ʮ鵤ħ֮ǷֻҲ޼ɵա

ȻӿһȴվǿЦԭΪ˰ҩǶҲӦýڵƳ׽ˣȻͬˮɣ󣬷ŷ֣ԼվСбԴԡ
ܾѾ޸ҲȫסˣǾͲһԼôŬҲ޷бԴ壬ֻҪбԴħ֮ĿƣбԴͻ̱飬һƻصոձһƵ˲䣬·һᣬ۷Ŭⲻ
ȻҲǳ׵޽⣡
һ統ܵĽһҪ׽Ψһİ취ǽбԴֻ֮ܳγֻرԴôһоͶɢƶԼһ̤ʥף
ȻҪ˵ƾ˾̤λǳǣǵֻܹرԴ̤ʥףʣ˲䣬ܳΪʥ֮ǿĴڣȻִڣҲ·磬սʤ֮
ϧֻܻرԴǺѰȻǵֵزҲͷȫ޷ҵֻرԴ裬ҪŬûз
ˣִֻ¾һ겻ˣϾ˭Ѿ˼ðΣյõ֮ȴȫ޷ִ֮˾ˡ
ȻľѾһֲĵز⾳κδҪ÷־ֻ¶ǲܵġ
˵ڷ翴һҲȫûջ
Ȼ޷׽ƣγбԴǣƾħ֮绹Щγһѭܲ籾ô˳֣ҲͬԴЧˣħ֮ķѾ޷ˣбԴ֮һͷųܹսӲʥף
Ψһȱȱ־սһս֮Уڵѭʱ飬ʱ򣬼ħ֮ҲѿЩõĽҲбԴٴα飬÷»صֱ״һ㣬ֱҲпܵġ
ڷ˵Ѿ㹻ˣ
ֻҪܹʱĿܣĲ֣ҲܹȥڳץϹˡ
һ˿Ц⣬ɨһۣʣµ鵤ȴǺչռӶ
ȻԼɣЩ鵤ʣµѾʮһˣҲѾһʼΪֲĲƸˣóȥ˷ĺôȻŹ
ȻԼˣȻҪëģǻµʲô̫ʴˣ

Ҳ᷽ڵ֮е׳٣棬ȴѾȫҪץˣ
ػڵĻһжٶˣԼʥ۷ǿ֮⣬ѾЩʮ˴˸飬ֶָ뵽ļѾñˣǳɱʮϡͿĵù⣬һ
ɱʮˣһҷ˶ûУҪ˵ЩһǷ磬ɵӶţ
Ѿˣʱ䣬Щ˵꣬ڽ˵ֺγǣ
һɱôˣȻҩҲǸܵһּѹһεĲ°ˣݣֻҲȫˡ
˵һʼֻе㻳ɵĻôЩӵĲʣԽ϶Լ˵ҩжϡͲЩУ
ôΪθû˿Ķͺ񷽴Ѿʧһ㣿
˿иڵȻû뵤أѾﻢˣɱôˣ󣬻÷ɻɹõиĻ뵤ĻҩǵðƤɡ
ǣЩУ˭Ǽٵأ
Ѿʼɹˣģĳһ췽ܻװԼӣ뵤⵱УǷণľԱˣ
ҩûвֹߵ飬·һжˣƺһΣӦֵø˲ǣǣĽȴô˲ˣΣҲζױȵѹѡ˳¼ɱִͣҲ̫ĥ˰
ΪʥǿߣڵֵطûԼȻᱻһ涼û¶İ벽ʥСŪǱľأǰ֮ǰ˭ôһǰ׳ղɣǣ׳յģԽԽԼˡ
䣡
ͻȻ֮䣬ȻоؾҵĲһ£Դͷ񡭡ǵķ
ȻһݣʶŤͷ򵤿ķ򣬾һ̣ԭ᲻ƵʯžȻһըķ飬ʯ̳ӿըӶһ£
Ѱ˼ŸδЩ֮ץסαװķĽûüӦʲô
һХȻգֻ֮һӰ㴩͸ʯţ˵Ͽգ˫΢΢ɿ飬ֲıԴ֮籡ӲѹЩ߲
磬Ƿ磬ץס
Ƭ֮䣬˷Ӧ˹ĴΧĻҴææγһΧȦֻ˲ִٵĲãļˣһ̣ӰȻ˸߿֮С
лҩ粻ʤл
ǹһĨ΢Ц˻ΪһӰ谭ֱӿ״̬ٶȴ߶˼£գ۱ʧ֮У
ȻΧЩôҲ׷֮ˡ
ԭһеĲöΧƵеģսǵļ㣬ֻҪ˵⣬˲Ϣ֮䣬ɷڵλñһƬľأ˭Ҳ벻ӵһķʱ䣬Ѿ÷忪ˣȵռʱüˡ
ʥ۷ǿߣͬһʱȥŷ׷ȥ
£ʥ۷ʵȻ÷ѣֻǣˣħ֮֮ϸļ״˲Դ͸յļٶȣԷбԴɵ߶ǴѣЩʥ۷壬׷ϣ
ʣ̶Ϣʱ䣬ɴĸһĶ⣬ַʽ֮ǰ˭ܹ
ʥ۷壬໤壬·һ˲ͱһЦÿ˵Ϻţͨ죡
ķʯѾ׻ٵյĵɼԭʮ鵤һת۾ȫɢһҶû¡
ۣ
һ˲䣬һѪ˰˵ϣ߷·𻹻صŷǴż벻м
ֽϣɷĸ֣ԽԽýǰһڣûֱȥ
Ը


ľ һ ųҩķ
ӷֵʧܹҲǶ̶̵Ӷѣ̶̵ӣڽ˵˵һĶ⣬û羹Ȼ˸ɴĴ
˵ڴ֮ǰ˶ΪֻһЦĻô̶̵ӺѾĳ̶ֳϣı˴˵Ĺ٣ѾǸ֪ԼĴе㱾µĴ
ûǴϷŪ˽Ӷ˵ԴҲվ޷ı䷽籾ֻǰ벽ʥ׵ʵ
ʥǿߵΧɱ֮ѣնɱʥ۷ǿߣеĲԶǳϷЩֶΣҲûţܹĳŵɱҩλʥ۷ʵĵʦ
Ȼô˵һս۽֮ҲڿʼǿߵҰ֮УҳõϿɡ
ȻˣҲûгԿôʣԲսᣬֻһʼѡҩôһȻưոݡ
˿ҩȻӦǱŭģȻֻҩߵˣ֪ҩյϢʱϵɫĮͬһɵһŲ豭֣ҲδйֺĲ
²豭ҩûһֵ𱸣ôվ߳һصĻĬӣŻڣҺʧ
򵥵ĸ֣ȴʱЩҩûдҲûп˼ǣĸ֣Ѿ̧ͷˡ
ʧǰôܲʧôˣλʥ۷ǿѹ󣬿ǼˣҲĿǸֻа벽ʥʵСȥ˵֮еأô¨ӣҩܲʧ
û̧ͷʱûҳһɡ
Ȼһ̣ҩĻڣȴǶʱ˶ɴ۾ΪԼ˻ҩȥ
ʧΪѣ̬ȡɨˣҩһʧܣһ겻񣬲취ȥѰҷȴͬһܵĹһҵǰȴ䣬⣬ǵ̬ô
ųΪֻұģֻһĻô˶ҹҩ£Ҫų򣡡
ⷬ˵Ŀɾеˣ˵һĻˣǽʥǿߣһҲѵͨ죬Ƥϣ޲ҸضȥˣųڳģҲŰ벽ʥ׵ʵȻôĳΪųĴκܽܵġ
һ˲䣬Щ˵ƶʱΪ֮һ䣬ȻЩ裬Ǹȴǲŭ
ôôĿˣҩٴǰһϷһϰһʧܵĴԼһʧܾԱܹߵһ
ҩΪһֱⷬиɻ
ʦȻ߸ϣ˾ǣֻҪԴˣ͸ףǵʦҲӵаٷְٵĳɵʣͬʧܵļʣңԽ鵤ʧܵļʾԽߣǣܹߵһȻҩûзԭͺܼ򵥣ֻǣܹĴ뵽Լ϶ѡ
Ϥҩˣ֪ЩҩƳĵ֮ǰֹٴεʧܣûһδεļ֣ЩҲͲܳ֡
ͨЩЩҲʱҩ˼ʱΪ֮һٴ͸ŨŨս⣡
ǰʧʲô˲ģǣܹһмûʧܹôƫƫһΣܰѴҴֵزѵΪֻһ벽ʥףʵĶ֣ȴ˴ִԸе裿
·𿴴˵˼ҩ˵֪ʲôֻһ벽ʥףǵʵûʧܵɿǣϣûʲôһɲģʧһΣǻţֻҪûз̵Ļᣡ
һ£ҩ˵οҲԶһİ벽ʥܱģ۽ˣжֲѵǲ֪ô
ۣ
֣ͬһɽһѹÿһ˵ϣ뵽Ǹˣ뵽Ǹ֣û˭ܲеηġ
һ˲䣬ҲȻ˲٣ǰȻֻǰ벽ʥףǸ˵Ĵ˰Ϊ۽ˣܱ˸ɵǲǹˡ
֮ǰֻǱһʱˣҩôһ˵ȴǶʱ˷Ӧ˹еһɨա
ϸϸ룬һΣҲδؾһ÷ѣ٣Ӧ޴Ŷԡ
ӵⴳʱ򣬴ҵķӦܹٿһЩ
֮󣬴ҲɵķֱӷǣһΧ̺ʽ

ðɣֻ޷ıʲôǣô˵ҶһôͷɥĹŶԣһҩ˵ѵôһΣӦͬɥ֮Ȯһôپɥܸıʲôأ
ųҩĻٴÿ˵ĵףǰоųʲôأ
Ҳ֪˭ͷеһеڶ̶̼ӵʱ䣬ſڹһصȺٴվֱͦ壬ûԸԼųЩǿߡ
ܺãĵ˵ͷҩһ˿Ц⣬ˣǻûаܣһôһЩҩôл쳣󣬵ǣҩ˵Щʲô
˵⣬ҩв͸һ˵ţ
Щ˵仰ȴֱһЧǿļ
԰˵Щ鵤һӴ֮ĲƸ˺ۣ˷񣬵Ƕҩ˵ǲһЩֿƵĵҩѣʲô
纰ĿʲôɱҩմС˰ɣ
ӶһΣ
ֻҪҩߣֻҪҩڣԶֻһСѣη壿
һ˲䣬ŨҵٴλصЩϣ֮ǰΪĸӰ쳹ɢ˹ʿһַʽѺЩ
һҩѾǳɹˣܹȼЩ˵Ķ־Ѿ֮ǰЩùˣǣЩȴȻǽ
һЦҩ˰֣ڻӳɱﵣ
ѾԷ˷ҩôܲһЩ׼һλʦһ֣Ȼǵˮ©ģһЩɱôܣ
ĿȻͶԶҩĮʱٴȻȴ̺ţ̫Ũصɱˡ
ˣʲôˣǵʦЩҩϷƶҪôɵľϷ鵤ô˵飿
⻰һֱͬȼըҩͰһ㣬˲佫˵ߣ
ԭЩ鵤֮ϣҩ˺ôһǷ翴մ˱ˣʵϣȴΪԼ˷Ĺô


ľ һһ 壡
ɺһȣ㾶ԵһҾ¥ſڣɢžζӶѾֻʣһӵľƺЩĺһž¥ĻƴߺȵƣϽģүƣҪҾƣԽԽá
ԭûԸģǾ¥ֵزȴһǾ¥ʵĿͻֻҪǮǱûϵĵ䵱һ־ץ˼ƷԴʱеĲͶˡ
ڵСܿͱžƺˣҲһÿһƺﶼװҾơ

ͻȻ֮䣬·ܵʲôüͷ͵һȴվûκζһѽӹƺƷԴӸСôԹԵھ¥ǰʯϴҡڵĺ
Ƕ̶̵Ϣʱ䣬¥ڵĿռʱǿԴֶηˣƬ֮䣬¥ȻΧ¥һƬȻ
ֱһ̣ŷ·ͻȻʲôʵ̧ͷĴΧƺҪȴȵЩκֵ˵ϣʹĺߺ˼ȻץžƺΨһ
žžž
һ̣һȻת֮䣬ȻȻ̤ⱻĿռ䣬ôݵߵǰǴһ˿ʣǾʵıݰ磬ңҲòϣֱǷ켫ʣȻαװΩΩФƽֱδ
ʲôҪȾôĪĿŽ֪ԵĵݹԼľƺһûѹӡ
װװֵزȴǰ㲻ôİֵزͼװɻأ磬Ǹ˵أ֪
û˿ҡ˼ȻĿڵҲΪˣϴΰһʲôǿ׵ĴʵȻıС裬ϵĲԩǵڣҲǲòֶԡ
һ˵Ȼ֮û˿ǿ˵ֶġ
ڷ֮ʱѪǣһ֮ȴȻǲòֶΣ׵ضʾûзԣһУȷԩ
ҩ˵һ֮ǰѾĸٴ֮Ϊеͷˣǣҩһ̬ȴԶˡ
ȻǣĽȴͬģȻܹ糹׻ܣϴˢ֮ǰĳ衣
üͷ΢΢һ͵ĴһãŽףԭҸһλôȻ˵ƺӰ
Ҫװôһ˿âɭȻ磬ͬĴҲ᷸ΣΪһΣ㻹ƭһô
ȷش𣬽ȻԹԵ˵ȥһ˵ֻһֻǷ粼õһҲȽնɱɱһ˵Ͳʲô飬˵أ۽ˣ
Ȼ˵赭дȷǲǷӣĸ֣ȴ˵һνԼжžԵţ
һ˲䣬ϵڱˣ֮ǰɫգ֮ɢĸɸɾȡ֮һ֮Ϣ˲ûκζֲֿȴѾ˿ڽλʥǿˡ
ƺȻϣ绹ֺһڣ˵ĸоȴ֮ǰǸȻͬˡ
Һܺ棬ôȷݵġĿڣݰΧ֮УԽʥǿߣҲȻû˿η壬ϾĺȾƣ·һи㲻ʲôһ㡣
ȻǷαװˣӵǱ˦֮󣬷ɴٴݣ׾ٵľͱһɢôڽĿεϵϢе۽Σȫ¶˿
״̬ҪֱݼֱһЦǣֲܵ£Էȴƫƫô̵ʱ֮ڣ˷ڵλãֱ˷ϣĽܲ˸е⡣
ȻǳôЦһҲû̾Ͷֵ˼ôŷ磬ȴǲȻ¶һ˿֮ɫ
ʼ磬絭Ľ᲻Ѿ⿪ôαٶһʣ
ڽ۹ʱ֮ܽ˵ĺҲڳһһоյ̬ǣ֮ǰʧܣ˼Ӱһһ֣Ľ͸ܽ⿪
ԼݣûʲôǶڽ˵Ѿ㹻⿪ĽˣΪ˲֤粢ǲ׽ģҲܹͬҵ
ֱԵһ㣬Ȼһ벻ӣƺûĽᣬ˵û˿ֱ
ֵزѵΪ㻹лô̬ⷽȣһȵ·֪ͨһ㣬赭дȴ͸ѹ
ѳɣԽ˵ִֵţ·۷ô޷ѹˡ
ʣ⿴ľ棬ǽеƣܣ˵͵ģУǾûʲôֱˡ
¶һĨЦ⣬㲻һǵ˾ֻҪһһڣ;Բ
Ҳ֪ǷģȻһ仰ȴʺݺݵĴ˽еʹϣ֮ǰǱЩʧȥһж־ôҩȻȻҩ⣬𷣣ȴŵվ
һ˵ʥǿߣǱ𷽴ȴǲ˲ֹһ
˵棬ҵҪ۽˳˿֮ʲôõóֵı£ɫȻһ䣬ĽȴѾԼЩ߳ŭˣȴǷۣҪʥǿߵʵӲѹ硣
ӱ濴һѵֶΣϣܹһеģֻʵ
ɣھʵļ̤£ֻһЦ㷽˵ٺٺã֮ǰռٴϷ磬ֻҪܺݺݵĽܣ̤ڽ£ô֮ǰһȻȫʧȥЧ
˼·ûκδģȻȴѰ벽ʥܹģ
Խʥƣȫûаη壬ǻһ˿΢Ц
ôҲãƺҲδնʥǿߣȻԸһĳȫ㣡
µ˲䣬һץһѽɫĹ⽣ʱ֣Ľ֮ԴɢݺŽѹȥ
֮ԴǴɵĽ֮ԴѾʥǿ߿ˣҪκζĽͣһ֣Ѿ֤Լʵ
ҪƾʵѹǽʥǿߣҲô˵
ü֮͸һĨɭȻɱȴȫûаԥȷ˹
Ȼ嵱Σսѣ


ľ һ նʥף绪
վ֮УβԼΣգ£ǻ֣ǱѰ·ˡ
οбԴɣҲûкһսôö֮һ˹սɱһѵĻᣬԷֶΣŹĻᡣ
ȻǿǷȴҲǵһʥǿˣȻǳʵԶûдﵽʥǿߵĳ̶ȣĶĥԼʵǾѵģ
£ѹûжõ۽ħ֮˼ôȫƾԼʵ֮һսҲϤбԴϾбԴĻûִ̫һЩûоʵսĥ£еľ裬Ҫ֮кһֻܻرԴ͸ȫˡ
ĳ֣ȴɵĽ⡣
һĽ֮ԴӷϻܶҲ֮ͬ⻹бԴֻγѭȫɷƿصĽҪ١
Ҫ֪ʥǿߣܹԴɵˣҲǺܶ࣡ɵıԴ֮ӵԽսʸ
ܲңıԴ֮ͻԶûдﵽɵĵز
һȻȻѹ·磬ȴڱûл֮
ıԴǽ֮Դڷѹ£ʥǿֲսױڷ˵һֿµѹȣҲһϡ
֮ܽԴɣҩ߻ɣң԰벽ʥ׵ʵƱԴ֮Щǿ޷ﵽʥǿĴݡ
ǿȣ޷ӣνĽ֮ԴɣҲһʵ𣬲˵֮ԴɣԴ֮Ͼʥǿ߸ǿˣʥҲ㲻ᱻΪ֮ˡ
һʥһ鷲
ûгɾʥף޷еľ޴࣬Ƿ˶ĻԵҪսʥףҲͬΣգһĽ
磬ҳЩʵʥ׵Ĳģұ㿴ʥǿֶΣ
һĽ޹Ҳڲ͸һĨĽ⣬Ľ֮ϢȻ˷·һ̶׻Ϊ˽֮Դŷ¡
Ľȫ֣ٲԸ˿ˣ
Ľ֮ԴıȻȴɵĽ֮Դ࣬ǣĽȴĿÿһֽ֮Դ֮ڽ֮ԴĿƾʹֲ̫ˡ
һŵǱһֻѰĳⱦȴУ޷ӳӦеѰĳȴܹͷâĽ棬ȻǲԶġ
벽ʥ׵ʵ˷̫ƣѰĽãʥǿȫƾʹ̫Ĳ࣬󵽸޷֮⡣
꣡
˲䣬Խ֮Դ۳Ľ֮㱻飬ΪƬɢڿУңˣҲֹĹƣһȻ£Խɱʮˡ
ڽУսѾˣЩ֣ķȴȻǲʥǿ߿⣬ķʽնɱҲ㣬ҲǳĨȥΪ֮ǰʧĽᣡ£ʵһ
ȻͬʱԭڽбķȴȻһļµϢ
һ֮䣬бԴ
֮ǰȻ˽֮Դսɲζţͽӵһֽ֮Դ
бԴɣһǷģҩһƣķѾбԴۣ⿪ħ֮ڶطӡʥҲ˵
˱ʣҲԲֻܶһֱԴ
˲Ϣ֮䣬бԴͬʱڿ۳Σ
ľˮ֮ͬʱһ˲䱬Ҳͬƾ춯أƴ֮£û˿ԥѴֱԴĹ⽣ͬʱ˽Ĺ֮ǰ
бԴศɣ񷽴绹޷ֱ仯ǣһͬʱбԴڽǿ󹥻ѹ֮±飬бԴĹ⽣ȻԷγһķߣӲĹ
ֱһ̣вˣ
Ѿȫһˣ֮ǰûһȻа벽ʥ׵ܹӵȻʵȴݺݽ֮ǰŻˣ
һ̣ҲȻʥ벽ʥ׵ĲȻ޴󣬵ȴҲδȫûܹԽԶĲ˵Уݷڰ벽ʥ֮䣬նɱʥǿߵļ¼նɱֻʥףҲվʥװ
Ϊ۽ˣȻҲͬӵǱʣ
һ˲䣬תȻһݣ֮ǰڵ֮ŶһĻٴθԺ֮УԼ뷽ͻȻ֣δ⣬ȴȻʱ籬;Աʥǿ˰ȻǲִһЩҲܴôֵİΧдȥ
뵽Щ޶˵ģ֮ǰֱʤģȴǺȻһ̣Ȼһ˿⣬ЩԼðʧĶսˡ
ֻҪܹ˳ս֣ɻʵʵĴΧɱ磬ҲʲôƽľΪ˻ɱµ塣
ʵϣҲֹǽһ˲䣬ΧĻҲ㷢쳣ٲ˿ԥͬʱŷϮЩҲֻǰ벽ʥ׵ʵڿռ£޹˼ɵȫΧɱҲֲͬ£
οЩ֮УҲͬʥ۷ǿߣ
һ˲䣬ɱ죬ҪһƬռ䶼顣
κˣ˿ֲĹҲֻݱܷâ취ˣȻһ̣ȴȻɱûа˼
ոһ̣бԴԷϣͬҹһ㣬˷̫УĻᣬͲܷŹһĻᣬ֪Ҫʲôʱ򣬲пٴץֶĻˣ
ںбԴڷ˵ҪģֻҪܹбԴںϣֻرԴɱ䣬˲䷽սܷҲӭж⣡
£Ƕûпǣ֮䣬ٴν֮ٳǿд߶֮֮ںϣȫ˵ĹĶסȥ
ڸбԴ֮ǰƾ֮ǿ֮֮ɱ¾֮ںϣҲΪںϣͨĿ飬Ϊʥ֮£ݺ޵У
бԴɣܳһЩ⣬һǿд߶Ÿոһ⣬бԴ֮ںȴҲȫܣ
ǷԼҲ̫ףȴԿֲ֮
Ϣ֮䣬ڷĴ߶֮£ԭбԴ֮ȻôںϣںϲǶڷ˵ЩȴѾ㹻ˣ
䣡
֮ںϵ˲䣬·ʲôѵһ㣬ϵȻǣ˲Ϣ䣬ɫ⽣㴩͸һ谭ôӲĴӽϴɴĺ˽һеĵֿն˽ڵһ
ˣɫ⽣ҲδʧնɱȻΧɱֺĹһǣ
绪
һ̣˵ˣǷԼûܳ׷Ӧһλʥǿ߾Ȼôںϵ֮նɱˣбԴںϵô
һֱƾףһ˲䣬һƬţ


ľ һ ķ
նʥף绪
ûܹ뵽羹ȻܹնɱһλʥǿߣԽɱˣ죬ݷǸ⣬Ҳû˵˭ܰõˣţҲܹ԰벽ʥ׵ʵʥǿ߿ѡ
Ȼڸոգȴۼ֤һ漣ķа벽ʥʵķ磬ȻĴݿնɱʥǿߣɫ⽣ѾҲûһľ绪
ֲʵֲ̫ˣһ˭
λʥ۷ǿߣһ̣Ҳһ󷢺һնȻնɱǣҲش˰ɣı̬Сӣźɱҩʸô
ۣ
Ϊıסˣ֮ǰֺĹҲվƾɢӲĹǿ緽磬ҲһѪ⻹Ϊںϵ֮һǵĽֻ·粻Ҳȥ
ʱѾûЩˣڿеķ磬ڶǿߵΧɱҲȻ͸һĨȻַľ绪˫
۽ˣȻ鴫֮·Ҳ͵ΪֹˡһΧʥ۷ǿҲڻǳˣȰȺ̤ץһ˺ӧǹңָ磬ᶶǹͷľֱԴͬʱ͸ҲǷְӣֱԴȫɡ
Ϊ֮Уǿļ֮һȷŲֵɣһ벽ʥ׵Сӣܱ֣Ҳ̫ˡԭУȻѹҲǶģֻǣȻҲȫû뵽羹ȻܹǿֵزӲ԰벽ʥ֮նɱʥǿߣһٽ˵Ƽ
ήҵ£ٲ֣ƾЩϲĺһͨʥ۷壬ֻ»п÷ˡ
ѰСܹһȻȥҲʲôǣȴǲͬģҲҩ֮𣬵ǵ۽ݾ;Բ
۱޾գ˶ڵֲס޾Բκαʵĳ֣ĻҲỨôĴݷ˼ǰնɱˡ
⻰㲻ǵһ˵ġȥǵѪ¶ֲЦݣţҲһ
ܵشҲȻûаη壬ոնɱʥǿߣ̫ջǿɲֻһҵԽնɱʥǿߵĹ޻ɵĶ
ͬҲһƣЮһǰս⣬ȻٶǿߣҲзֺԥ
һģɱһ˿ʼһֱɱ㣬ʵûб仯ǹҲǽȻͬģƣѰ˻ʶǣΪһ̿ͣΪһһ̤Ѫʬߵһǿߣκ˶ƵǿܹͷųڵǱȻ֮£Ҳܱǿս
ο֮⣬ʵ֮ǰҲ֮ͬˡ
ܻδûбԴֻرԴ֮תǣбԴݵںϣֶȴ˷̫ϣ˵һʼֻƾ֮ǿںϵĻôƺѾҵһЩĥĺۼܹЩȫ͸пܽбԴı飬˵γֻرԴҲܳ׽ڵˡ
֪
ʥ۷ǿ߶ʱ̬ЦˣƤһסˣ޽㣡
µ˲䣬޽кӧǹȻľԴͬʱǹȫⲻͬϢסͬŭǰ֮޽ȴҲ̫д󣬳־ǾȫȻûӦС
ƿִɵıԴʵǳҲδؾܱǿ٣۷ǿʨӲ֮ǿɱȻʥǿֻҲֻˡ
ˣ
Ϊʱһ΢Ľ֮ȻȻȻȴƫƫĴÿһ˵ĶУһ̣ɫͲͬʱˣ
۽
һʼ嵱Уֿʼʼղδõ۽ɱλʥǿߵʵ̫ޣһʱû۽
޽вڶҡ˵۽һɱһʱ䣬ԭѾ䶨Ľƺֳı仯
Ϊ۵彣۽֮꣬۽֪ܲŵ˵۽ŤתǬľױ뵽֮ǰ羹Ȼȫ۽նɱʵһе۽֣Ȼʥ۷ǿ߿Ҳδؾ͸˵һܹնɱ˰ɣ
䣡
û˿ԥһɲǼ䣬бԴͬʱͷŶֻһΣȴ֮ǰͷţ͸۽бԴ֮ͬʱ۽У֮ڵ۽֮ںϣ
ɵбԴ֮һӿ۽ʱ㼤˵۽ƣɫת֮㽫Ҳ˽ȥ·𷽴Ҳ˵۽һ֣˽һڿն𣬻Ϊһצ޽ĺӧǹץȥ
֮ǰԺӧǹûΣƺѾ㹻ǿˣȻ۽צһȣȴֱͳȫһϡ
أ
Լ䣬ƺһ֮ӧǹŭת֮㱻צץУһӲͷ˿Ƭ̶
꣡
һ̣˱Ŀӧǹ۽նУһѵ죬޽ĺӧǹڵ۽֮£˲ƣѷֲױѾߵľͷ
飡
ʲôˣóľץסᣬôԵôܴ
һȣбԴ֮ޣ۽ȫգ֮ǰԭѾѵĺӧǹʱ֧飬ûа޸Ŀܡ
ʹֱǺ飡
ۣ
ӧǹͰ޽꣬Ѫ˵ǱҲΪӲ۽ն飬ͬʱܵɣ˵ɳȥڴڵѪϢһϡ
ֱ˿̣޽۽Ĵ˵գԵ۽磬޵ļ⣬۳ʲôıڵ۽ǰͬһ飡
ǵնҲԵ춨۽
ԭΪֻУ۽Ż˿ֲȴϣ䵽ϣ۽ȻҲܱ˿ֲһնıĴɼġ
ȻˣҲ
ȱˣǻɵĵ˿ָԪǲԲˣ޽˵˲䣬۽һת̩ɽѹһ㼱ת£ֲĽռҲһն飬˿ᣬӲ޽С
Ѿնһʥǿߣķ磬ǲںٶɱһ
Щ˼ȻΧɱ㵱ñɱ׼Ȼʥ۷ǿΣһסᣬͬ˿ԥ
ķ


ľ һ ˣ£
֣
䲻ݷ֮䣬ʥǿҲͬʱסˣһȣͬʱ֣֮£һƬȻ飬ĿռҲ˲
˵Ŀٶ֮£ȻЩʥǿҪ֣ҲѾˣɱķ磬ͬӵɿʥ۷ս˭סİèȴζЩ˾ȫȻûκΰ취ˡ
˶ûͼȥ޽㣬ĬĹ䵽ϡ
ͬھ
һնȥȻܹ޽նɱǣͬģЩʥǿߵһͬǿȵĹ䵽ϣȻǵ۽ħ֮Ļ֣ҲעᱻƬһС
벽ʥ׾ǰ벽ʥףʥףվ޷ĥĲ࣬һ㣬ǿ緽Ҳӡ
һɲ֮䣬ԭնĵ۽òΪģŷ֮嵹ɶӲڼ䲻ݷֱӱܿ˽Ŀֲ
ĵһȻҲֲͬȴҲѾԶȡ޽ˣȻѪ޽ҲȻǴ˳ȥԭŵ͸һĨĿ־뾪ٿ򷽴Ŀ⸴֮ٿһ˿ˡ
ܲϣȴҲòϣ۽֣ķѾӵ˻ܣɱʵ
һ̤Ȼûаη壬ֻЦλʥ۷֣λǿҡ
һʼ֣ףһ壬˿ռ䣬׼˵нһ˴Щʥ׵ĻǲЦ
޽İˣԷҲڳչ˳
޽㱻۽ˣһʱ䲻ܳˣҲλʥ۷ǿ֣û˿ء
Ȼ񷽴ʵǣѾܹбԴʱںֿ˵۽ƣҲվܺӾʵĲࡣ
磬ҵȶСˣǱ츳ȻǽݷҲδܼȴǵ۽ˡŷ磬ûΪ̬ȶŭһʥ۷ǿ˵
򵥵ĻȴһԵ
ûк̨Ƿ⣬Ȼǿȴ޾յУκΪҪص
ԣͬǰ벽ʥ֮ʱݷݺ죬նɱʥǿߣҲû˸Σɾݷ
ǣ䵽˷ϣȴͼѾע˱Ľ֡
˵ˣݷк̨ѣǿܹ޼ɵǻݷҩŶԣҩŭҲ׷ɱͣôʥ۷ǿ߸Ϯɱ
ϧֻ
磬ֻϽҪĽ
粢ûб⣬ΪûбҪʱκεı벵⣬Եֻ֮ԵԼΪų
֣ŵ۽ǹһĨЦݣһ˲ļ޼٣۽͸һնʵİҲͬ˷̬ȼսҲаη壬
һһʥ۷ǿ΢΢ŷ˵ͷڡ
׿˵񷽴ʵǶѾһ˿֮⣬Ҳ衣ϧȻٲ̣ҲΨֽ֮նɱˡ
˲û˵ͳһĶĿ⣬ȴѾıǵ̬ȡ
ôң
Ȼ̧ͷڻǿˣûپķеֻһĨšȴһ˵ȻЩʥ۷ǿߣҲ΢΢һ
ˣ
۽ٴηһڴͬʱıȻһʥĹѩëȶϢ
ô࣬Ҳڻ˵ǰչħ֮Լ״̬չķ磬ǿ״̬
һ˲䣬˶һϢĸо˫ֳֵ۽һ̵ķ磬ƺϡѾ˵۵ķɣȻΪҲֺɣ¡
ǣסң
ӿ³⼸֣ȻܣҲǱֳֵܿ۽ôӲһնһĨһǰµƵն䡣
ķ磬ҲЩʥ۷ǿ߿⣬ǣȴ˺İΧȦӲȥˡ
־ħ֮ļ״壬һ˲ٶ쭵˼£ΧĿռ˲䱻˺ѣ۽ܻУת˫
䣡
һĳǾ޴ĳɱ벽ʥףѰʥףĳ֮£˲ҲñײɳȥһͿ⵽ش
壬壬ĳ˿·Ҳûзֺȡɣ⼫޵ٶȣϵĵ۽Ӳһ·Щǰȥ
ˣ
һ̣ÿ˵жͷ˿ֲǵպ̤ʥף˵ĻΪڶۣ
λͼλŲ֪ȻչֳϷɣ̤λмˣ
ʱ޾գζţҲʱпܳµĵߣ˶һ߻ᣬȻ񿴵ƣȴֲòȻķ֣ҫâţп̤λĴ˵ǿҲĶѡ
֮ϣΨһп뷽ģҲֻнǸţݷˡ
飡
޺ɵײ֮£ķҲڻǱ˺һӣǰȥ
£ʥǿҲ޷忪Ŀռ䣬ħ֮۽չֳƣı棬ҲסĽŲ
һǧֻҪĿռ䣬㲻׷Ϸˡ
ҪǣĲҰܣɻһΪصĴһΣ˶׼壬÷նɱһλʥףشһʥ۷ǿߴݶȥ´Σ˭ס
ȻԵǵʵҲ˼Ҳȵģʱûкɨǵʵǣ޷κ˼ңѾˣ
ǣķɲŽֻǰ벽ʥףӵǱһ̤ʥףǣԾ̤֮㵤ǣ˭赲ĽŲ˭ܽ˫ĵ۽
˵֮ǰӵ֮ô鵤ǸһĶ⣬ôһѣǽˣңһԶûлϴˢĳ衣
ϧ֪ĽȴҲûʵıˡ
գ֮䣬Ѿ˺˷Ŀռ䣬ö࣬Ϣʱ䣬ԳƿƮȻȥˡ
Ȼһ˲䣬ȥķϣȴĳһԲϵӰдһ˿мôĿŷ磬ͬèĿһֻѾ˼ӳӵ
ҩ
˭Ҳû뵽ʱ̣ҩȻǣҩҪʲô
ΪһλʦȻͬʥ۷ʵҪսڳÿһʥ۷ǿ߿¶ҪǿĶ࣬λʥ۷ǿֶû·磬һΣ


ľ һ ɣĵ
˲ͬҩ˲䣬бȻһ˿ͣԶԶҩ
Һ⡣ҩҲûмҪֵ˼ֶĿƽͬˮ棬˸޷ĥ˼
粢δشʵϣҩҲûеȷ̬˼΢һٱԹԵ˵ȥ
бԴ㾹Ȼܹŵڣʵλʥ۷֣ȻҲ㡣
üͷȻһЩҩô˵ҩаܹˣ
ڳޣȻȴܹĸоҩƽ֮µɱ˵ûһգҩ͸ôԼǰֿ˵˭ţ
սҲס㣬ϷȻ͸סˡ
ҩ⻰˵ļΪ̹ϣʱ򣬵ƾԼһ˾û·磬Ȼܰ쵽ˣǣĳȴ־Բ޵ķʸ
һ˲䣬ƺȻ뵽ʲôɫ䡣
Ӧͦ죬뵽ô͸һ˿ҩڵϷ鵤ôã
鵤һеĸԴЩ鵤ϣ֮ǰӵ֮УӶЩ鵤Ҳƾ˻ָ˲ƣմ˱ˣɴĸҩԼЩһĶ⣬ȴ룬Щ鵤ҩɱﵣ
ԭڽϵʱ򣬷ѾףҩȻЩ鵤ֽţϢ壬ֻȴôҲû뵽ϢҲֻӴЧѡ
ҩ߼ȻѾڣûаɵ˼һɲ֮䣬ҩȻתһȻ֮ȻԴͷȴǷڵбԴ֮
䣡
˲䣬ԭǿƵķ㼸ӿ׹䣬ҵбԴϢ޷ƵĴɢҲĸܵ˿̵Ǳ
飬ڶγ׵ı飡
ɵбԴ˹ȻֲǴڱȴҲͬԴвңͬϴһΣЩҩת뱾Դƣ˲ͽס˷磬ҪҲˡ
ҩɫȻƽ·ֻһ΢һ㡣
ҪȡҵϷ롭ֻأ죬ûɣ
ֻأ죬ʱǷ統дϵģշϰߣҲȻҪҩУ
Ҳ᷽統ôƵģȻ˿̣һȴ·ΪһЦҩ˿²ֻΪһ·ѵġ
ҪϷ㵤ŷ磬ҩԼһ˿΢ɲĿ֮ɫ˵Ϊ֮ǰе鵤ôţһëѣϷ㿴ʲôĵ
һȻһҩĿ£ɿҩĸۡȥ
ӸոյĲһקߣһжֻƬ̼飬˵籾ĸܣȴǲԾĳױҩ۷ˣֶΣ澪װ
˭뵽ΪʦҩȻֶܹΣ赭дľ·磬ǣողŻɱһʥǿߣһλʥ۷壬Ӳλʥ۷ǿߵΧɱ֮´һѪ·չֳ˵ĲŰ
ɷ緢չȥпȡ۳Ϊһλߣ
ǣҩϣȴһ˿ضûУĳܹ𺳣
ҩǷҲû˭˼вƵһɺ֮⣬ҩʱᵽҪ÷翴ʲôĵʲô⣿
ҩûн͵˼ʱҲûȥʣҩҲû˵˼ǣֻҪŹȥȻˡ
䣡
֮䣬ҩ븮֮ۡУͬʱȴǺԥĽۡһɲǼ䣬鵤Ӹ֮ۡɢ飬ǴԶɨһۣҲˡ
ҩֱʣǶΪ֮𺳣ŵ˵Щ鵤ȫóѾֶɷˣ
ҩһµ鵤ƺȫˣۡΪһƬ棬ȻЩЩ鵤ȴӲһƬ
һ̶ɵˣ
ЩҩѾ׼ģǣҩڳôһʲôѵΪ磬ͰڳôҲ̫Ϸ˰ɡ
ȻʱҩȴǸû˽͵˼ֻǵĿŷ磬Щ鵤ϷӵģϧϷһδҵĴˣԭлġϧˡ
⻰һȴǲ⻰˼ѵԭҩҪշΪӵģȴվǷˣ뷽ʲô飿
Ȼ˲ĹЩԣǷǣҩ񾿾ҪʲôѵЩҩҪ÷ڲɣ
ȻţѾȫû˷أȻȴȻ͸һĨ֮⣬𻰡
ЩȻҩ˵Ŀϧ
ԼȻҩҩʵԼΪӣԼҲƲฺϧνһУֻصǰҲֻһЦѡ
粢ûлش𣬾ôĶҩ·Ѿ
磬ϷΨһ˼ҪΪ˵ģߵһҲԸȻҪϷⵤΪᣡбһĨâҩЦſڵϷԳ֣ⵤһΪһ񵤣ΪһеĹ档
ⵤһΪһ񵤣
⻰һڣ˶ԼǲˣӴĵǺεȿֲȻǽĶҲ޷óô鵤ǣһУҩУȴֻΪһ鵤Ĳϣңǽλⵤһ
֪ҩǿĵʦǣ˭˷
һ˲䣬˶һ𺳣˴ƣҩƳɹǽǺεȿֲ鵤˵񵤣ҲΪɣ
ڣڳЩˣҪۼ֤񵤵ĳô
Ȼûпڣˣҩ⣡
ֻصǵҩҪģҲȻֻصԼδ̤ʥףбԴȻ飬֮ǰѾһЩڵҩĿ£ô
ӴĵΪԼɵбԴһתһɹԼ꣬ԼӴ󵤺γֻصҩԸˡ
ԼʼҩѾôˣɱԼƳֻصĿģ
һߵڣʵѾӽɹˣ
񣬵ȴòϣҩķȵģķ񣬴ģһʱĴ棡
ѾˣϷΪֻأ죬ˣ԰ĵȥˡ
ҩһĨ˷ܣЦſڣָ㶯֮䣬ֲȻӿճպ죬ǶĿ죡


ľ һ ֻ̫رԴ
лλ۽ˣòеҷ˰ɣ
ֻأ죡
ЩѾʵˣֻǣȴ䵽ҩϣȫӦ鵽˷Լϣ˶Ϊ񵤵Ĳ֮һҵĽ֣ɱ
ϧˣţôҩϣķʽһʵ̫ϧˡ
û˿÷磬ϧĸ̾Ҳһʱĸת۾ͻĸɸɾ죬;ʵ̫ˣһò˶ãǾͻǷ˭ǵģֻҩλпܼƳ񵤵ĵʦܲпᣬʵ
գҩĿ֮£¶ȲȻǰ벽ʥ׵ĴڣҲֻԶԶıܿ׿
ȻҪ¶ȣǿ𵱳̫ҲЩģҩҲѡȥˣ״̬£Է֮ԴɵĸԼֶȻӦġǣ뱾Դɣ˶ҳһţܹգ
쵤ķ֮£뷽壬˼ɷĳƫƫƺֲֻӿڣһݻڵ
ȫ󣬵Щ鵤ҩﵽܳܵļ޺󣬺һ˾ͻűбԴױںϣкֻܴرԴȻʱѾȫûʲôˣ֮лΪˡ
ϴεƣһҩС˺ܶ࣬Żʱ򣬲ʶ̽鷽״̬Ψٳʲô⣬ֻصʧܣʣҩ˵ҲĻˡһˣû۳ֻرԴһֻҲԶлֻصˡ
һԸɰȫһ̣ܹɣ
ڣһƺȫļţڵϱݻ٣ȻƺܵѹȣڵбԴ𽥵ı֮ںϣֻҪںʵʱ˷ܷ꣬ɱ䡣
ԶеĻҲ񻤳֣ҩ꣬Ҳܹۿҩοһλ˴̣ΪǵٳʲôĻֻ¾ûԭԼˡ
ˣԶһϮµ꣬üͷȴһֱţƺʲôûףְԼһĨĽ͸ȴվǺ޶
ԸƵ̫࣬ʧȥұ֮ˣ͸ñֱģһЩӣһУδҲܳΪһ۷ǿ߲ǡ
ҡҡͷԵĵЩ̾ϢĿڣȻһĻҲСĸд
ûۼ֮ǰһսǴҩ練ƴһ·ϣҲѾһսϢˣ񷽴һ˱ҵ³ȴҲû˸С˷츳ǿ԰벽ʥһѾ԰ˣ٣죬νڰ벽ʥ֮ʱ쵽һģֻҲֻݷһ˶ѡ
ϧ츳ãһߵģ
ȥ΢΢ҡͷָĴһ䣬Щˣһ̣㶼Զ޷͸֡
⻰˵ľмһԸ˼ˣ˵ֻڼŵĵ̾͵üЦŷˣֻǴĿ˵ȴƫƫһŷǵҲٷֻҡҡͷٴ𻰡
ʱ仺ţκ˵־Ϊתơ
֮УѾľֻʣһţԴԴϵҩӿ壬һδ޲鲻壬񣬷ֻҲѾճɷɻˡ
ڣϷڣ˫۵ɵͨ죬ҩ˫ֲϷһ֮У˳
ҲѾʱˣȫܹĸоҲʼˣЩбԴѾȫ飬֮ںϣȴʼ޷һ
ȻⱾҲҩԤ֮еģһУõҩô࣬ڼջʱˣ˵Ǽٵģ书һֻۣҪһҩ֮Ųࡣ
ˣ۽˳ˡ
Ҳ֪˭˵˳⻰һȴƬ֮õ˵ͬһ̣ЩҲܸо꿪ʼˣѾǲתĽˣ˵ڻɻǾҩҪ񵤣ܲƳɹ
Ȼµĵ۽ħ֮Ҳ˿ŵı
֮ǰܹ԰벽ʥ֮ս̶ֳȣ۽ħ֮Զ׼񷽴缴ɣЩ̾ͻ֮˭ܲĶ
۽ҲˣϾ۵ĶõȻҲǸɽǵֻһڣҲѪˣֻеȵ޾գ۽ŻΪ
˵۽֮⣬ħ֮ͬңûе۽ôֻ֣Ҫ΢еʵģ˭ܲ죿
ˣ
֮䣬Լٴδһ֮ⱳ֮£ȴ·ǵ۽ıҲӡ֤ŷ䡣
Ȼͷûµ˲䣬һɿֲϢȻı˻ûӦ˲䣬ҩ˻һźƺеϣ˲ˡ
ˣ
۽ٴһɲǼ䣬ΧȻɫ䣬ڵλ÷·һ޴УΧһУǵ˽ȥ
бԴ֮񷭹˲ںϣңĽɱһɽȻͬϢܻδȫͣȻֻһ˿Ϣй¶ҲȻ˲һѹָУʥ۷ǿߣһ̣Ҳȫ⡣

ֻرԴ
ԶĿл³ĸ֣ȴȻһĨâԼ͸һ˿˷֮⡣
һʱ䣬˶ûܷӦֻǣһ̣֮УӰȴĸÿһˣ羹Ȼţһб仯ԴͷҲǡǷ磡
۽֮תڷΧγһѭڿԼγһ̫״бԴӿУת
һһֻأ
һ̣˫Ȼڰ˫Ŀ͸޾ϣ·һ˫۾£ҲҪΪ֮һ˲䣬⾳͸ͬʱǰ֮С
صϢʣ⾳ױת֮䣬ϳ⾳
ֻǣҲΪ˳Ÿ˷
бԴ⾳Щÿһ˷Ȼһ̣ȴͬʱ˷ϣĽֱ޷Щǲг֣ǲϵ̫֮УҪγɵľʲô
ܣܣôܻţ
Ķŷ磬ҩѾˣЪ˹ź͸ѪᣬĽȫҲ޷ܣ
ǲܵõһȻҲ޷Ŀ


ľ һ ˭˭
ôڰ˫Ŀ˿飬羲Ŀҩһ֮ǰҩĿ⡣
ԭڷϵĻѾΣȻ֮Уȴû˰־ȵӣγɵȻûɢе̫ͼУܻء
ܣΪʲô֮ͻƣҲţ̫ˣҲţŷ磬ҩǲʵķԹѾıԵȴƫƫܹʱ̻ͻƣһеļƻ顣
ͻô͸һ˿м΢΢ҡͷ㻹ǲôҹдġ
ᣬֻǣ䵽ҩĶȴֱͬһ㣬죬ȴʼ˵һɲǼ䣬ͷܲţȻȴҩͷܲһеࡣ
ûҩ˼̫ãȻԹԵĽȥ
һУȻҲѾһΣѵΪһᱻƵڶôЩ䣬ϵαװȻ֮лȥ֮۵ɫűԵԽ
ֻأ죡
ʣлȫϵģǣҩȴܺɵƶϳ˼
ҩΪʦǾһ㶼Ҳ̫СҩֶˣֻҩȴôҲû뵽һʼһǸȦס
ҩ˷һΣ÷ˣȴҲӰеǷţʶľͻΪԼҪȷԾ䣬ͻὫԼڵһߵλϣӸµĿŷڣ벻м֮䲼֣һһоյĸо
ʲôˣĴ̿ͣ
ѧǲƣʦһʼȦףҩԼ˸߲ҵ
һ㲢ûдĲ֣㹹˶ķߣҲǲ˶ԷԾİ趨˼·ȥܡ
ǹʲ󣬻ǲ©ۼðգҲµ磬;ھ¥֮У˷ЩȻץס
ȻҲǽ̫׾ͱץסҩҲɵӣȻܲ쳣һϸãпʶƷġԷٴαװϧС裬ҲҪһֻǷųļ
Ҫ鵤ָǣ˵벻ҩʦݣܻڵҩֽ֮ţЦ
Ĳ˵Щ֮ʣµĵҩ£ѵ᲻ûٵôƫƫϣҩܹƾЩҩ塣
Խսնɱ޽㣬նӧǹЩʵʵսûаαÿһ˵߾ȫ
ҲΪˣֶȫ۽ħ֮ȫչ¶ǰʱҩŻΪһжĿ֮УһֻЦĺӣôϴҲվӲġ
֣ʱ̷ԷһϣĿУɷƷ֮󣬲Żģдһ緽Ըó
ͷβû˿ɣΪһУƺõģ羡Ѿ߾ȫķȴվһţչ٣
ȻҪһУһǾԵĹؼǾҩֻصĿ
ɱҩ˫۵ĸҲһϵвܹɹĹؼ
ˣҩʦݣôĴ飬Ҳ׾ϵ
Ȿǵ°
գΪҪбԴԷֶļƣᱻҩƵ
ͬǶֻص̰ҩᱻôǣűߣƵ
ϧھУ˭޷һУֻеһĻʱ򣬲ŻȻѡ
Щ粢ûĸҩͣҲȫûǸȻΪǳֵزҩҲȻѾܹ¸߰˰ˡ
ŷ磬ҩĬƬ̣ڻǳʵôҵĿƵģ
ҩܹףЩ鵤ֽţȴǼٵģΪʦҩҲ㹻ܹЩһ㲻Ūףһж޷͵ͨ
΢΢ҡͷҩϣƺˣ֮ǰһƣѾбԴˣٶ鵤Ҳ޷֮£ڡ
ҩûдЩҩȫбԴڷڣû˿Ļᡣ
ϧ޷Щ֮ǰҲֻбԴγһѭЩһһ㣬նɱʥףʥ۷壬ִ֮дЩѾĵ߰˰ˣҩٷƣҲЩѣûôأ٣ʱǷҪƾħ֮ûܹס
ɾһжϵʧ󣬾ҩٲ֮ˡ
ΪѾȫ磬ԲŻᱬ޹˼ɵ磬ͼƳֻصȴ룬ǷҪĽ
ƣ÷ЩҩһбԴںϣַ֮Уŵ۽۽һ˿µϢۣҵֻرԴķ
ⱾҲһðգħ֮۽ڣʧܣҲɵİܹ߶ѡ
ˣΪ֮ǰһսбԴں϶գҲ˵۽зһֻرԴĹͷͻƣƼɵɱ䣬бԴ⾳γֻرԴĳΡ
̫Ƿ簴Լ⣬۶ɵֻرԴΣ
ҲֻرԴγɣ׻˷ڵһΣһһжѾ䶨ˡ
磬磬磡ظη֣ҩȴͻȻЦЦᶼ˳
Ŀֻصϣڷ£˷һеĲ֣һ̣ҩȴͻȻˡ
ΪʦҩǾţҲԶȳѣһж䶨ܵɢȴǶʱ󳹴ˡ
磬Ϸһûп㱾ʺϷĴˣЦſ򷽴磬ҩҡͷڵ
ʱܹתصʱ򣬻ҩʵķһеĽᣬĽΪŵӣһѧȥ
ϧʱվ޷ġ
ִ£ҩҲߵ˾ͷ˱ޱȲϣ·ʱȥ
⾳ܹĸܵһ㡣
ˣ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ڷǰ̫ͼҲɹ㹻ۣСΪһƴС̫ͼ˷Ķͷһ̣ԭбԴ⾳ͬʱɢȡ֮ģֻһصֻرԴ
һ䣬ѣ
׷Ӧ˶֮Ĳ
ֻرԴɵ˲䣬Ҳڴﵽٽֵֻ֮һɹ٣̤ʥˣ


ľ һ ٣
٣
Էʵʵ֮۵Դ֮ʱѾˣֻһֱѹţЩĻҲͬﵽ˰벽ʥ׵ļޣԴ֮⣬бԴҲɣĻѾﵽһֲֿĵز
񣬽ҩͼĻᣬٴôҩ⾳бԴɱΪֻرԴѾԽ˰벽ʥ׵ļޣǷԼҲ޷ѹȥˡ
ֻرԴɵ˲䣬Ӧ˶Ȼ籡·֮һ
б֮٣̤ʥףǻʥܵѹǰٱ췣£Ϊ˿飬ǻ
ңԽţܵ췣Խǿֲ֪֮£˶̾Ϣ
绹δ̤ʥףƿֻرԴǴﵽһַ˼ĵزһ٣µ췣Ǽƿǰ󣬱˵ǰ벽ʥˣȻʥ۷ǿ֮£ֻҲֻһ;
֮ǰδ۳ֻرԴ۽֮ǾѾʥ۷ǿߵģս㲻õ۽ֻ·Ҳɻǻɱ޽ʥ۷ǿˡ

ƻδȫ£пֲƬأǿԴ֮Ҳ޷֮ȣȻָֻѾʧȥ˵򣬶ǵλڴʱƿص
֮䣬֮ӲΧʥ֮µĴѹѪԶԶӶ˳ȥ
һ˲䣬Щʥ۷ǿڣ˶𺳵һĻˣ٣Ҳֲ̫Щɣ
κѣ˶ڵһʱ䣬˿ȥʲôЦ⻹ûʼأͼɱ벽ʥˣ˭Ҵô
Ϣ֮䣬ֵķΧ֮ڣֻʣ˷ҩˡ
Ȼҩ̧ͷһٵȤǷ˫ָڱɵ۽գվԭء
ҩϣɻʲôԸδˣ
һߵڣ練ܹҩˣ΢΢̾Ϣһڵ
⣬ǵʱ򣬷ȴҲԲܷŹҩˣٶɣҩҲɡһ仰ʳҲ˶ҩԼֻرԴꡣ
ϷһݺᣬУ֮ҲҳƵһˣԪδֻصȴҲվֻرԴϷκȻЦҩݿڵ磬Ϸ֪˼㲻˷ʱȥоϷȥҲ̬ģһ·ȥ̤λɾʹ۰ɡ
⻰ҲԲΥģҩҪֻصҲΪԵ֮һλߣƼޣһ񻰣
ֻصȻʧˣǷֻرԴȴҲһִٳɣҲǻʲô˼޿ɱ粵
ƾ̤λȴҲһַʽԸожĹͣҲվ޷ã˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
λôĬĬظһ֣粢δشֻǾĿգǿƣǿǺ嫵ġ޾գ
·ʼͱҪλۣûгɾ͵λֺαȥ
ܷ粢δش𣬵ҩȴȻӷж˴𰸣һ˿ִ£ҩȻһЦްһܻһƬ𺣣շȥ
磬ˣϷ֮Ϊһ
Ц֮Уҩڹ͵˼£Ӳ浹ϣ·һɲǣĸԣ֮ٲ𣬶ɺǿ֮
ⲢֱӴڣȴһƴķʽΪۣڹ͵֮
ת֮䣬ҩһ˿ϢҲ֮ɢڹ֮Ļʧȥ֮Ҳ֮ƽҩȴǺЦԲ𺣣Ȼš
ֱһĻ̾ϢһĿ䵽յеĽ֮ϡ
Ѿﵽ˿֮۵ǿȣȻʥ۷ǿߣ֮£ҲСӦǲò˱ˣȻȴ·
͸һĨмɭȻڵ̤Դ֮ӡǣ䣬ң
һԳ׹ȴǱŷһɸΪ֮һɲǼ䣬ҲΪ֮һͣһ̱ʧתۻΪһɰ֮ŷӿȴǸٲһ˿вȫ뷽¡
һԺȶٻδʼķʽһٵ̬ȡ
췣
У͸ƿֻأ죬кʸ񽵷ң
һ̤ħ֮ȴ۽ã֮䣬ڿһѴ֮Ȼơ
Ŀɿڴ
һ˲䣬˲һĻ˵Щʥ۷ǿߣһ̣ܵǿߣԭδ̤ʥ׵ĵ۽ˣѾǿֵزô
ˣ
ͬٴθÿ˵Ժ֮УһεĸԶ֮ǰԵ۽޽㣬֮ʱǿң
Ȼϣȴòɬķ֣ǾȻҲ˿뷽Ϊеˡ
ȻЩ⣬ԶһϮеսȴԽǿңû˿η壬͸һĨ֮⡣
ֻرԴ㣬ҲվҪ̤ʥôķʽʵ̬̤֮ʥף治֮ڴ
һ仰ǺЦȫ˵̬ȡ
ԣǵӴ˿Ҳ¶һ˿Цڲ֮ǰ̾䣬ȴת֮䣬ͱ
Ȼȫ׷Ĳ֣ǣ֮ǰҩĶԴԼ̬Ҳף֮ǰһУǷƵĽ
״̬ķ磬ǸݷʦҲòӵĶ֣
ȷܹ뿹ģҲֻݷʦʸɣ
ȫ˼Ҳףݷʦ뷽ػһս
ˣķ磬һ̤ʥ׵ݷɶչֳ˿ֲĵˣǣƬأȴעֻܳһλߣֻ֪δʧܵˣ˭
ڴ֮ǰ붼룬ҲΪضݷ磬Ȼ񿴵ǿֲȴҲվЩҡˣ
·𿴴ӵ˼ǹһ˿Цݣôûô
΢΢һͣǵʶĿ꣬ȴδش
ֻرԴǿںбԴ⾳ֻرԴݺֻرԴ֮ȣһĽǲǵһЩ
΢΢ҡͷȻڵȻǲףʲôĽ罣ԼеĽ֤
գ굥ְڣȴһ޿赲ġ
һ֣ŲǵߣҲҽ²


ľ һ ʵ
н٣
ľˮۣԷ̬ĽҲڸֲĻӦ
бԴǼΪǿģٴ˿̱̬Ȼǵһ£ҲǼΪֲģȻʥǿߣҲԽӲסκһ֣οȻͬʱ£ųʹâľĶǣҲͬΣյ˼¡
ôҵҪкβͬ
̧ͷʹâ粻ûаη壬ЩԾԾԣ·һΪѵõĻᣬƺѾ췣ˣʵԽʯ
ᷭȻΪһ磬ӭϣŻٶȥûκ֮ӲĴ㣬бһĨâ֮ǰҩ֮ǰϡлصҪõĳۣԻ٣ԥѡķʽ

Ǽʱ䣬ĻӲ糶˰ÿһڿз͸ֻĻȴվǲδܻ⣬ֻķʽʱס˻ٵķա
ֻл٣ȻԴӦԣϤ֮أϧȴֻǴн֮һѣʱס˻٣˿ԥһת廯ΪӰͬʱֱԴ֮ٶȥ
ˮգܻն䣬ұ֮ܿᣡ
ԼصŷǵĮһɲ֮䣬ˮٱҲܻͬ޷ȫ֮תΪ͵ˮ֮ʱȴҲڱˮ֮ˡ
ȻȻҲԶǽ
ɽĲػһ
֮ͬԴӿΪ˻٣ȴǻΪһػ֮֮סȡػ֮衣
֮ʮʮоţȥһ
ľ£ľڣ췣֮Уľң
һ޾ӿ֣ҪԿƣɽµľ֮ɱתΪǻΪһıԴ֮뷽ڣ
𣡡
бһ˿âȴ̲סЦһȡҵҪǷĹ֮
µ˲䣬֮ԴȻڷΪû˿ɵӭϣӲ٣
䣡
ͬʱӦУ־˵̬ӭϣҲ˵ɰܣʵĵɫľʥǿˣȻһЩеʥ۷ǿߣԴɣҲǿҵʵ֮ģ˵֮£ʵˡ
һԺɢԴİԵбԴȻҲӦȴδҪһˣҲûʲôֵģбԴ򣬱ȡɵģҩǿд߶񷽴缴ǸбԴҲԶԶܴﵽɵĵز̤ʥ׵ʱδԵЩ첻ˡ
ˣֻ֮ѹԵ۽֣Ȼܹɻн٣ȻڷУн٣ʾбԴ첻ûᣬο˷ѣ
ʵֿɲ˵˵ģ٣̤ʥ֮ǰķʽʵ֮٣޴ǻۣͱ쵽
ķȻ֪ݷ̤ʥ֮ǰԽΪƾʵ֮ٸ򽣵Ϊ̤ʥ֮ʱѾһʵ
Ҫķڼ̤ʥ֮ʱҲͬѡʵķʽ̤һ
ͬʱбԴĿʣȻԷǿһҲͬ˿ֲ֮ѹ񼸺Ѿ߶˼£ͬʱбԴ裬нӡ֤Уַķʽû
ʹâУнٲϷ·ʱпܽȴƫƫ޷ôڸ߿֮н
Ҳ᷽磬һĻȴڳ˶Щ֮Ҳʥǿߣ˭ǿƵĶɽٷʽ
ǿߣƽţ֮ʱĸսսı
Щնţж֮»Ϊɻңһۼû
ǣ񷽴ȴ͵ô˵棬չǿƣηе٣ǰȴֻһʵ֤Ļѡ
Ǵ֮ô
Ҳֻгɾ˵λϴڣɣ
໣
ͻȻ֮䣬ȻһһɲǼ䣬ͻȻ飬Ҳͬʱ־Ŵнٵɢ
ھ
֮ͬǰҩ֮ǰ֮۳㲻ˣ˻峺֮쳹أĻ֣Ҳ˶ѡ
һɲҲͬʱ־ţѾ֮ڻ֮ϣٲηκδڣκˡ
һ̣֮ԴѾ˿Դˡ
⣬ҲֻһʼѣһͻƣͬƵ˶ŵһ㣬ɴĽԴҲͻơ
ˮľ
ÿһٶ֮飬ΪıԴ֮ӿŷӿȥ
ʹâİȴ·ĲƷգһۿɼٶڡ
Ŀɿڴ
ȻѾһ׼ĽҲĿɿڴֱ޷ĽʲôЦнپȻ˲Ʒﻹڶɽٰ
ں˵ĸܣһ̣ĽƣԼ͸һĨѪɫԼļ쳹أ֮ӿŷȥ
ɱ¾٣
һɲǼ䣬ǰڷеȫ֣֮򷢿Щڴ˿̱㻯ΪֲĹϮ壬ֱ͸꣡
Щ˶ڷϵģֱɱģҲмɱģЩͬʱֵʱ򣬶ڱľһּĿʣ
Щ˵Уѵûһɱ֮ôѵûһ޹֮ô
ֻҪУľ⶯־ѣֻҪץסᣬͬķ˺һӣܿͻ˳ױûһ˿֮Щ˺ķ飬
ûɱô
ܣ˿һԸ룬ȻȴǳףûôΪһ̿ͣΪĿģ˵伫Ĳ˵Ϯɱ֮ɱ޹֮˾;Բ
ɱ֮ˣҲָɣǾȡ֮˵δؾ
ɱ¾٣ڷ˵ֱһµ٣ϾմȾѪԽ࣬һܵѹԽǻһͨɱ¾٣͸𲻵˿á
ɱ¾ٲǵħ˿ֹ̣Ƿ磬ڳҲܹͬѪɫܵеĿֲ
˶ΪһηƱҪˣѪʣͿӡ֤еѪжˣ˿ֲɱȴڶɽ֮ʱɱ¾٣ô
Ȼ˼Ÿոһ̣˱㲻ͬʱɴ۾ŵסѪɫ֮ȻӰ


ľ һһʮ ֵݷ磡
ʣԼô
ǹһ˿мļһѪɫɱ¾֣֮΢΢͸޾ѹ
ɱ죡
ĿʣȴȻܹȻɱ¾ѹһв
Լ䣬Ļ䣬·ɲ¸Ժ֮С

ҵմѪҲڡΪͷ˵ΪԼŵģ̿ˡ
ɱ޹ɣŮ˵ȻЩм
ɱ޹ЦЦ국ҵô
ŮˣȻ
ɱˣҪɣ¶һ˿⣬ȻɱˣֻΪɱ˶ѡ

ʲôǴ̿ͣɱ¾ļ
ɱ˻ԥʵѾԶˣԷɽ֮󣬾ͼûжҡǣĥ£ľ˵˳ȾѾƿһ˿£ǻΪɱ˶ԥֱĨˡ
һշ˵ɱˣֻҪɱˣ
ĵһ׷ѰľǾԵɣһԶΪǷǶԴһģ˵ֻƻЩȫڷǰҲܺԥɱһΡ
Ѫɫڣûаԥɱ¾֮չеҳڷǰĴڣԱ¾ŨصɱѪζֱҲ᷽ڵλˣѾ˳˺Զˣ˿Ҳĸֲֿܵɱ⡣
ǲᶨˣֻҪմȾһ˿ɱ⣬Ǿֱӱˡ
ɱֹɱľٶΪģҲɱ¾ٵΣߣǣͬģɱ¾Ҳ÷ڵɱ¾ԴѸ׳Ȼھʹ˾ֱɱ¾ԴɣȴҲѾԶԶѰʥ׶ɱ¾Դƿس̶ȡ
һɱʱȻΧŵ˶Ϊ֮ˣҲʼδйֲÿһ׼Ĩȥһ˭⡣
¡¡
ŷɱԽŨңյĽһ޷ֽɢȥѪҲͬʱɱ¾ٵɢ
ѰˣһٷҲýˡȻһΣȴ·Ǳ̬ȼŭˣֻķѾضɵĵزɱ¾ٽ֮󣬽ƲδɢٴαãڵһƬռ֮Ť·Ϊһأ
ǡ֮٣
ԶһϮȻһһ˿Ȼ͸Ӳ֮ڵһѹԶԶ˿ȥǿֲĽڷΧ֮ڣ򽣴ݲκͣ
Ľ⣬ֱ˼һɲǼ˼ʥ۷ǿߵע⣬ͬƵ˷˼֮ϣֻǣȴû˼Щˡ
֮٣ҲųƱ֮٣ӭߣܾŴγ׻ʹ࣬ܶɹ
ǣ֮ٿǲḺģֲĹ꣬Ҫһ鲻Ȼ̵ʱ֮۳壬һλֻ֮Ҫٶȣǳ׵Ļ
ۺûгֹ֮٣Ǽʥ۷ǿҲǸ˺ܾãȻӦη壡
ŵ˵֮䵽κһϣǱ֣֮
ͷŽƣüͷҲ΢΢Ȼ֪֮٣ȴܵǹɳ׵Ļ֮ǼҲĵһΣոеֱƺһã
˵֮ǰ˻ɵĻôʣһ̣˶ĸܵѹˣǷ統ܹŹһλ֮٣պ󣬵кܴļȡ۳Ϊµĵˡ
ܲϣȴҲòͬķʵ̫ˣȻǽݷ֮ȣԼҲЩʧɫĵز

һ̣һĽ֮ȻĽ⺳أû˿ԴϢ⣬ȴƫƫɢκòϢ
⽣δߵĵ۽
ԶһϮзһХһ֮䣬糤һĨâӲŤĿռ䴳ȥ
ţʲôˣʲô
ͻȻľٶȴǶʱ˶Ūˣʱ˭ԽԶԽãô˸ҴչȥĪǸҪŷһô
ٿɲͬڱĹ˳֮£һȥκΰٵ˵Ŷɽ֮һҲΪ
񣬷ܵٱѾ㹻ֲˣʱ򣬻˴չȥ֮ٻֲʲôزֱǰ·ûа
ƾоϢҲʥǿߣ⽣ȻҲ˲õҪʲôĳޣǿߣϧͬھҲҪŷһ
ȻҲ˶ûӦ٣Ǽʥ۷ǿߣڵһʱϳݣֻǣȻϳˣҲ޷ʱλһ
Ҫǣλ֮£ֻ춼ҪˣĲ˵ⵤǾп֮ˡ
飡
ӿ³һ֣нݳŤĿռ䵱㱻նһѷ죬ɵ롣
·ܵĴ룬һ˲䣬ٵƼǷƵĿֲҪǶƷǻ֮٣һƬŤصĿռ䣬һõķһеΣնУƣ٣Щʥ۷ǿڣÿһܻ
˵ϣͻȻ룬粢ûκιķӦһ˿ı鶼ûУǷ¶һ˿Цݡ
ݷ磬þò
䣡
ݷ磬ֳڵ˲䣬ͬһһ㣬˶ˣ
ݷ磡
Ǹţ֮ǰո̤ʥףΪп̤λţ񣬾ȻҲҡ֮УҲ̫˰ɣ
ѵݷҪλ۽һ֮ô
ˣһ֮䣬λп̤λǿߣ¨ӿɾͱˡ
ǻ֮١ں˵̬ȣݷָյĽƣݿڵҲֻ˵δӡ֤һ£ʵڿϧ
֮ô˼΢΢ͷĿڣ·Ͳںݷ紳룬ⱾͿֲɵľδĺһ㡣
ŴΣ͸һ˿֮ɫݷ絭Ŵγ׵Ļ𣬰ԭֻǻ壬ֻҲҪһܻ֮ˡ
ݷ˵⣬Ƿ绹˶ף˵ı֮ı仯
ûĽϣֻҪʹ࣬ٴУȴ궼Ҫһܻ֮Σֹһֱǽ˶Ƶ˱ľϡ
üͷݷָĿڵ㲻ô
΢΢ҡͷֻ΢Ц
ǸȤô˿η壬ȻڣżϷ֮⣬Ȿҵʵ֮·̫ˣ̫ζ


ľ һһʮһ 
ʵ֮·
ظ⼸֣ݷ۾ȴԽԽڻ̲סЦʵһʵҲ֪ĵʲô
˻˵֮䣬õĻ֮Ҳ
Ļɱһеĺڰ֮⣬ͬһеĺڶ£˿ϢǷݷ綼ȫȻûаֿأǼ֮䣬Ѿױڰ֮ɡ
ʴ廹꣬ͬһʱ̱ʴҵʹгˮϮһ˵־һֵʶҲͳˡ
һ򵥵ӣһӲܹס̵ĥܹ̹ȻǣһõϣʴÿһƤ͹ͷţûһõĵطңٶȲ죬һֺ㶨ٶʴֱ˱ʴĸɸɾֻʣһѵҡ
ĥܿסô
̵ĥҲһޣΪޣܾͻĥʧȥʵ塣
ǣɲһٵĽͲҪʲôڹû˿Ϊ˻ΪĥĥĽɾͲܹܵˣǲͻ弫޵ʹ
ǿĴڣּ޿ɵĸʴҲͨûκֻм͵־ܱ֤һֱȥ
Ҫ֪ڰ֮ɲֻѪ⣬Ҳͬ⵽ʴңÿʵĲͬǿȵĲͬʴҲһΨһͬģҪֵʱ䡣
ʵĴǻԵģȻ֪ʷУ˼λɾ˵λĴڣҲûκڻ֮¼
ȻЩʵֲϹǣҲ޷ܻ֮ٵĴΪⱾ޹ʵ
ݷ־ڽϣֱѾʴĿɼɭȻ׹ǣָϵڣҲʼδйֺƶͬûиоһһ
ü֮͸һӢⶼǲ֪ˣݷı飬ܻΪֻɹ̫ѡ
Զ˫ıǰϸֵָ֣ᷢڰһֽ಻ϵߵȻŵ΢ЦͬûκϢйƾһ㱻ʴѪ˳ɫʣȴҲʼûһܹȥΪǵѪҲͬᱻʴ
ʹ
ȻҲǻˣȻܹܵĵֲֿľʹֻǣƾʹ࣬ȴԶԶ÷մӷɽʱ򣬷Ҳǿ˶٣ȴѾܹǿžʹǱһҲһüͷ֮ȻԶһֲ̫࣬Ǵ˿̵ķȴҲǸˡ
Ϊ̿ͣʹǱҪѧģҪγһֱܣֻ֮ҪûҪ۷սʱԱĹǴ̿͡
οζɽ٣籾ǽ֮һʵĥģʹ࣬ȻңȴҲȻڳܷΧ֮ڡ
ȻֻԶɽ߱ǰƽȻһӰ졣
Ƴݷ磬ͻȻڣ糣͸żϷʣȴû˿Ĳ
ԭΧ˾Ѿݷ̬ŪĿɿڴˣ񷽴⻰һȴǲûһƬʱһȻ˼о˼ҵĽûܵʴҲ̫̬˰ɡ
㱳ħ֮Ҳͬû۾ûգһ£ݷƽķʵȻʵҲ˵ʣΪǿ϶Ŀǡ
ˣ˵ĻشȴǲûаѪ̬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
֮ǰ֮ٳʱ˾ΪˣȻ֮ݷǿƴ룬ֲ֮ʱѾڿݷôܽŭˡ
ǣôһת۵ʱ䣬ڰ֮£˶ȫûаֿ˱ʴǧٿףܹվžѾˣȴƫƫµĶԴйȥĶԷϵСϸڣһô
ӣһ̣ʣݷ綼ͷΣôժ֡
˵ʵҲ㲻̶̫ʮҵʱ䣬ݷ㱻ڰ֮ⸯʴĸɸɾҶûʣ£Զͨ˱ӵʴĸɾ
ҲشһεĻǽ

֮³һ֣һ˲䣬ͬĺһ㣬յԶ֮дһ̣صֻϢ͸Ƭ֮䣬ӲԱԴ֮°﷽۳壬ϵҲ֣ͬ˿ĺۼ
ڴͬʱ콣Ҳ֮ת˲֮䣬ݷҲͬ۶ա
֮ˣ
΢΢ҡͷݷЩмĺһҽѳɣ֮ʲôӰ졣
Ŀ⻰һﲻݣ˵Щ벽ʥ׵ĻˣȻЩʥ۷ǿߣ˿ҲֻǿЦˣʲôмԵֿĻ֮ݷǾôһۣҲôװɡ
ԼЩ׼˵ǵô
ȻЩ˵˼ݷǲ֪ģʱҲû˭ȥעЩ·˼ұ̬ȣûκαҪ
΢΢üȻŵ΢Цǵմˣոȴвջġ
Ѿ̤ʥ׵ݷ磬ʷ绹ҪϺܶģ٣ϣ;޷ݷȣ֮ǰ֮۵壬Ȼڸոջ֮ݻ֮УȴվʼŵֻرԴ壡
ոһֱһӣʲô⣬Ȼʵϣÿʱÿڸ֪֮ĲͬҲͬѰԼʵķʽ
еϸڣܹ׵ģû˿ֲҲô۳
Ҫ֪֮ɲֻǵһδλڶλ֮ٵ˲䣬ͻὫֻ֮вԼǿȣֲܸܳĻ֮
ɾǷҪջˣ
壬ȻֻرԴ۶ɣȴȻźܶ⣬˵ջ񣬾ָңڶεĻ֮£һ֮ͨܵĻᣬʣֻҪܿסڶλ֮ٴ۳ʱǿȾͻһΡ
Щ粢û˵ĺףݷȴ΢΢ҡͷݷеĽ΢΢𣬵ֻǿȵĻڶλ֮٣ұûȤˡ
죬һɲǼ䣬ڶλֵ֮˲䣬ݷ㵱ӽϮϣ
һɲǼ䣬ݷ˻Ḷ́ͬʱ֮ȻӲǺڰ֮ķ飬һΣݷ絥ְٴλصԭأͬһжûзһŷɹڶλ
ңƺûлɹʧܵĿܣ


ľ һһʮ ֤ʥ
бԴ⾳תֻ֮һɱ䣬ǷѾ̣Ҫƿֻ֮Ҳкܳ·Ҫߣ£ʮҲδܹ
̤ʥףǿʵ֧ţƳȻ࣬ʮʱ䣬Ҳ˿ˣֻرԴĴڣʮʱϤƿأⱾѾǺܿٶˡ
ֻǣȴƫƫûʱ䣬Լ޲̣עֻһ·ƫ棬ΣȡͻƵ
Ļ֮ɾõķʽ֮һ
ʴܣȻ˱ǿ壬˷ĴЧǳĺãÿһζܴ޴ЧǣеΣȴȻЩʥ۷ǿߣҲԲķʽԼٺõЧҲȥܲźãȻԶԶĿһУѾзˣ緽һδεĽ֮Ǹ
ΣΣ
û֪Ļʹ࣬Ҳ޷궼һ𱻻ƾ־Ҫεȿֲ־
һʼĴݣ񣬼ǷҲ֮ɫͷ֮Լܹ飬ȻĻ֮ʹѹƺҲѾһٽֵˡ
ԣԭмһ˵ݷӵλ֮ٽ֮ҲվСĵĽܻ֮Ĵ뷽صͬһϡ
ӵһλʼÿһεᷭʱ֮Ŀ̶ֲѾ൱һʱʮˡ
ݷ粻ͬڳܻ֮ٵͬʱҲʥ׹ȣһδεĻķҲѾ̤ʥ׵ĳ̶ȣֻٽһɴӷʥתˡ
˵һʼʻݷԶôλ֮ǿϣȫѾݷƽˡ
ڷݷ˵пĿ飬˲ʼ

֮ǰ֮ͬǰεƺֻһִֻҪ۳壬ָʵȻĻָȻһοʼʼ˻ÿһ˿˶ޱʵҪָҲΨԼˡ
еĲɾʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪걾ѰյǶǿߣҲܴһָܴǼǻˡ
걾ԶȳǿĶֻ࣬״£ƺҲ̫ãı飬÷ᵽΣɲֻܹ֮ͬ׻ָÿһ˿Ļָ֣ң⻹ñ֤Լһ鲻𣬶궼ױ
ʱ֮£ĻƺѾΪ޹ؽҪСˡ
λ
ݷ۳εʱֲ԰ȴҲ޷εģû֮ǰͬһοʼҪһλ֮ʱѾ״̬ˣһ˵״̬һλ֮
ңɻԶԶǽ֮󣬻ǻλҪܵģֻҪ޷ܣ̾
罣罣
л³һ仰ݷȻ콣⣬Ӳߴλ֮
꣡
ܹݷڣ֣ᷢݷѾŽɱˣ֮ٵв֮£ݷڿʼ꣬ÿһ̶ԽʵɿĽת䡣
ЩϼһٴΣǵ˷ܵıɣת䣬ڽĵ˵ҪһǽںϣԴ֮󣬽һҲγ򳡵
ΪţнΪżݷ磬Ҳڽֲ츳չ˳֮䣬ٴͻƣܣҲ޷ȷǷܹɹǺʣȴѾҵ˷򣬲Ŀĵˡ
Ȼݷ磬һּ£ܴٳɱ䣬һˣ֪ķҲûʵС
ȻǷҲ޷Ч£Ͼ۶ڽ⣬ڽ⣬Ҳ޷ݷȵġ
Ҳģ£ʱ򣬷ѹûйעݷ״̬
΢΢˫ۣ˳һֿ״йһ֣ͬسΪһ壬֮ǿᣬֻҪܽҲһ𣬷ܳȡ֮ݻָ
أļ磡
ߴλ֮䣬һȴ׽˷羳صĸоֻ̤˷羳ؾ磡
ŵ˵ӵ翪ʼ֮ݺ᲻ܵĵƣ˴̿͵⣬Ҳصķ羳ˣ
һؾ磬֮ڣ޵У羢ı˫ҲǷԽսĸ֤
ڶؾ磬ģسɴ־سɴ磬÷δԵ
ؾ磬̨磬ļ硣
Ȼ񷽴ҲδҵƿصؾķʽǣһȴѾΪһƬȫµأ·ص򿪷عȻʡ

񣬷ҵһʵĺģʣǷҪĵ
ֻرԴȻǿᣬǣȴ۵ĵδڷģǿ͸ǾԶ޷ҵԼĵ׷۵Ĳ
һ̵Ķȴ÷֮Ŀ͸һС
һ̿ʼֻرԴٲҷ־ֻһƿصѣеı仯˸޷ףȴؼת䡣
䣡
һͨߣڰ˴λҲݶٴ˫۵ʱȻ
ȻǿĵھŴλδ£ʵϣڷ˵һʵȴѾˡ
ʶĽĿ䵽ݷϣͬʱݷĿҲ֮ת˹ûκһֵĽǣһ̣Ƿ绹ݷ綼ǳԷҲѾʵ
һЦݷнٴ΢΢𣬰ȻǴ˷һλ֮٣ǲм
֮٣ھŽ٣Ҳֲһ٣֮ǰȫͬһڲҪκεĥǿԴݿĻһ飬˲Ϣ֮䣬ֳܷĻ
һٵ֮ǰȣ˰ٱֹȫ˿ϣ
ŵ˵һλܹ֮дʱʮ֮һֻ·ݷҲѾˡ
һ˿ֲĻ֮٣Ҳ޷Ѿʵķݷˡ
罣ⲻ겻𣡡
죬ͬҹ֮͸һǹ⣬ƾҹҲʼ޷һǹ⣡
ལ⣡
Ҳ࣬Ҳһ֣بŲ
ݷ罣Ȼ֮٣Ҳ޷ĥĲལ⣡
ƾ죬ֱ޾գһգ֮䣬ݷһεĻ
̨磬ļ磡
һ̣ȻӰҲͬ˺ڰ֮˫ָڱǺЦûͷųκιûһ˿Ϣйһɲ֮䣬Ҳͬһε


ľ һһʮ 
¡¡
֮ɢͬʱؾ䣬Ӵ뱾Դ֮ŷλӿǿ̬ɷʥһ
֤ٵĿ֮£վ֤Ḷ́һʥ
ǵȻܹ˺뱾Դ֮֮ǰķ磬˰صʱֻǾվԭأҲܸ޾ѹ
ʥףһ̤һȻһ̤ǿߵС
ӷԻֻ̤֮رԴڣҲֻǶ̶СյĹȻڼ䷢ĸı䣬ȴԿ֮
һ˲䣬ٴ
緢֮ʱֻǳЦûһţܹһС
Ȼٻͷȥأ
ҩȻ䣬ķʽҲһ֮˵ûаЩ֮ǰڲͼΧɱĻǿߣȴΨַˡ
̤ʥףƿֻرԴķ磬ȻͲܿˣЩ֣Ҳȫûаʤ㡣
磬֮䣬һսδʤ
ʱ򣬵ְݷͻȻڣȴнӶңң·ʱܷһ
͸һ˿Ц⣬΢΢ףԸ֪˿̵㣬ڽϣ߳˶Զ
΢΢һ۽ʱ֣羲ŵ۽սڣ
Ҫһսģֹݷ磿̤쿪ʼҲڴݷٴν֣ʣݷʸȫһսңʤҲ˵֮䡣
ΧЩսսļһѾ÷κȤˡ
˷綼ûתĿ࿴һۡʣĽЩгһȻͬʱȴҲòЦǸУսľģȴ֣˼ѾǵĴڣǰ֮ϵĽŵĵɪɪȴԲһۡ
Ѿڲ֪ﵽһ޿ĵز
۽֣ȴҪ۽֮ȡʤĻᣬΪݷ˵֮ǰδʤһս˼ʱԵ۽߾նӲ̤ŽĽ棡
֮ǰ˼ʱڵ۽ĸޣ߶󼸽ݷҲ޷ͷ̤ŽĽ⡣
Ȼݷ뷽綼̤ͬʥףʥ׵ʵȴѾ㹻۽߾ն̤Žȫͷųˣʱսֳ۽߾ն̤Žĸ
ΪȳǷ绹ݷ磬һ̣ƶѾȫ

˼ֵ˲䣬ȴͬʱеһǿ֮ϢԶ̶ܶϢʱ䣬Ӳ˽
ˣݷ綼⣬ǣϢȴǿ󵽣ȻǷݷҲòΪ֮ɵĵزʱѡ֣пܱᱻá
ʲôˣ
üͷȻһݷн΢΢һɫĽâʣնȥ
Ե޽İԵʱݷ羹ȻԷʲô˶ʣĹܣôȻԵڳһ
Žݷ֮Щ˼дż֮⣬ȴǺںݷĹһ̧֣һֻɫư£ӲݷĽѹ
һ֣죬һʱ䣬˶סˣǿݷ簡ոڻ֮ٵбʵκ˲ȻȴȻ˼һоѹ
Ҫ֪Ȼʥ۷ǿߣݷֻҲǰܶʤٰ
ѹƣҵҪƾʲôѹ֮бһĨ⣬ݷ潣˲佣ⱩǣһţⱩ˲Ϣ㽫ȥɡ
СһȻ츳վҲֻǳʥ׶ѣҪΪУĶࡣٴδ֮УһӰҲ֮οΪ۽˶ңֻ±ǽЩϼһҲܲ𡣡
µ˲䣬˵Ӱɫͷŷ٣͸һλߵϢ·ÿһֶ˲ɿܵѹ
һ˲䣬ͫȻһѾ̤ʥףɫ۵ϣԼҲǸܵһԿܵѹȸУ
ǿߣ
һ̣ޱף֮ǰᵽǿڳˣ
ʣľǿߣǵΧۣ޾ӰĻᣬ޾գΧɱۻǿߣ
۵ǿᣬѰʥ۷壬ȥҲǰ׸ܽ۱޾ա
֮ǰʵ̫Щ˲м֣Ȼ񷽴̤ʥ֮ʱĶȴʵ̫֮ٶˣľǿߡ
ƺһǽɫƿݷֽȴվǲδټ֡
Ϊˣڶļ̳ˣݷ֮ͬˣ޼ɵƾԼĺö񣬵ǣһǣ۵飬ɲˡ
ӽȻףЩľǿǺεȵĿֲûЩϹҲ˰Ե
ЩģֲģЩƽպò¶ľǿߡ
ȻҪ˵۵η壬ҲȻΪϾ۱ƻ޾գ޾շأ˭š
۷״µֲֶԶκ˶ΨһڵĵߣͲܹġ
ôǣֻ֪ͬĻɸҵҽ󳤱˵͸һ˿ݷ絭ڵ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬ȻҲѾϳ˶ԷݣȴǿΪС
ȻһЦȴҲںݷ̬ȣֻڵ۽˵ĳɳѾˣΣҵȲı֣㽣ǼϼһڣҲͬѡ񡣡
˵ĺ⣬Ȼ͸һĨɱȴ˴һη
⻰һȻݷҲ˵ʲôˣǣۣҲ޷ˣֻ뵽磬ݷȴֲЩ̾Ϣ
ôʼδʲô֣̤ʥףЩϼһ⣬ҲҲˣ뷽֮䣬Щϧ֮⣬ԭΪЩϼһﻹԶԷ󱲳֣ȴŷ֣Լվ̫͹۵ˣǣۣûʲôɽˡ
һֱ˿̣ҵ˵Ļᣬ͸һĨɭȻ۽ˣ֮أûеɽôҷֻûôա
ܹܵԷǿ󣬷ҲȻ޾ɫЩԸ
һ·˶ΣߵڣҲڳˣԼԷкܴĲΣ٣ԼѾߵ棡


ľ һһʮ 棡
øСӣ
ԷʣȴҲգЦһ䣬ſڵˣҲǿˣ츳ûۣҲܳΪһϧˣȴֻһöӶѡ
΢΢ҡͷ͸һ˿֮ɫһзܿƵķϣҸһᣬ˶ϰɡ
˶ϣ
˵赭д˿·ȴƫƫҪ͸һѾĶһָ߸ϵ̬һ࣬·ֻеһ㡣
ȻһЦ粻мķôһδ㣬ȴңĳ治
ûаη壬ֳֵ۽ԣػĸɴ䡣
ɫȻɭȻ۲ģ㲻һöӣȻҲ̸ʲô
һȴѾȥˣﻹں˭Ҫۿ֮Щϼһ֣
ģƾҲᲩĶ֣ȻŽ𣬷Ȼ㵹ǻΪԼգ̽޾գǳû޾գΪ˻ɱһҲ޾գֻһ˼磬ȻЩνĲߣȴһûУһĻҲֻͼֹ۴޾ѡ
һ£˵һΪ߸ϣڳһߵ̬ҲģޣƾЩ޵Ҳ۲ģ
Щ粢ûаڣԶԶı㴫˳ȥνġ
һʱ䣬ȻԽݣҲƤϣûνáȻ⣬ǣƫƫЩʹϣ̵Ѫ죬޿ɱܣ
ⱾЩνľǿħڡ
һսȻܵ޾ӰĻᣬս۱޾գǣȴκ˶۵Ŀ£ŵ˵ǣû˭һս
Щһп·ѣ˵ĺ㣬вģʵʲôǱκ˶
ǣЩȴ˽ҳôĽҿȴֱǴˣǴžž֡
ˣҲȻûʿɶֹ˼Цż˵
˵ӣûһʼҾõӣǣΣЩδһ·˼紳죬һСӣ̤ʥףĹ뵨ɫô
ȣǲûеĿ棬㻹ҴԲѵģ˶ϣĿŽ𣬷絭Ȼҿ۵޾յзأЩŻڵһʱŵ˶ϲǡ
һĺ죬ÿһֶݺݵҵϣʵǿᣬֻµ͵ñѪɡ
ʵϣһĴ˶УҲԾ˼Ӱ죬飡
ݷ磬ŷһв͸һĨâ˼Ŀŷ磬ϵĽȴԽʵ˼֡
֮ǰݷҲ˵һ֣ǵҲΪ֮ĻȴվôǣһȴԽļᶨ˼֡
Щ˵ȷʧȥΪеôû˸Ӧʵһսۣû˸ҵ޾ȥһۣΨһľ뾡һа취ֹ۴޾շأ
ĳ˵ʵǵȷǳ֮һս뵨ɫûˣ˵Ǿǿߣʵ֮
η۴޾նҲ·۽˻ΪڶۣԱҪɱѿ״̬ݲ÷ɳȥǵ̬ųӣ
ֻ񷽴ôѪܵĽ֮ҿѣ

ķ񣬽̲סһŭ֣ɫǵأһҪΪ࣬·ֻڸĵηų
䣡
Ҳģ٣ʵԶѰʥ۷ܹģɫƴһɾƿصĹ򣬵հ£ѹһзת˫ȻֻرԴɫ֮£Ҳܵѹƣ޷ȫӳ
һƣɱʥ۷ǿߣȻǷ콣ԳΪһǿߣҲԳܲסһǿߵʵ
ȻѾһЩ׼˿ҲǸеһ󳹹ǵѹ۽ӭϣֻرԴޱıת֮Լγһ̫ͼȴҲվ޷ֹɫƵѹ
£еĹ·ڲǵͨ죬ÿһ˿·𶼱ѹե˼ޣȴʼ޷նƣ
ǿҵУĵ𣬾ʵĲվƾ֮ܰصġ
סֻҪһͺãСħڷлصѹСħҲͬǽ߾ȫˡ
ģĹ⹷ƨȻȲȴҲܹģסֻҪ⿪طӡл
ʱ򣬷ѾûȥӦˣǽɫƾһɽѹ£ѹÿһ˿ȻԾ֮ٵ壬Ҳϸ΢ıѣ͸Ѫ
Ǿ˻֮٣¸ֿʸûУ˲ͻᱻɱ
ŷ紹ȴҲû̾ȡ߷Ĵ㣬֪Ĵ㶮ʲôʵȻҲ̸ʲôҲô
裬裬һ˿أ·ֻոձĳ裡
Ľ𣬾Ҫķʽ÷翴ʲôǾʵĲ࣬ҲǸԼųһڡ
ķû˿أ۽ֺ֣γأ
νĿûκ壬ûԹۣ͸ֿµѹ֮ΨһĵߣĴڣܹģ
ôӵŷ磬ȻȻ㲻ΣھʵǰʲôˣνĹܹսʤô֪ĴΪʲôֻһöӶѣҪֻöӡ
꣡
ȥйͷܲסѹ˿ǣˬǣˣ㵽ĵزȴȻһĨЦݡ
Цʱ򣬻ЦĳѾɵô
ۣ
һѪȴһЩſֲѹɳɤٴοڵ棬ķʽڸɳܵų㻹ΣΪһô
ֻǼ򵥵һ仰ȻΪ˵һ仰ȴٴθͷ۶ϵĴۡ
ӲӲ񣬽ٴμ˼Ȼѹףҧгݵ˵һ㳢ʹ࣬Ϊ˿֪ĳͷҪӲʱ


ľ һһʮ ⣬ռ
ʹࣿ
⻰ݷȴҲ̲סԼȻñ£ҺڴʲôֶܱȻ֮ٸֲ
ڽӰ죬ݷ粻ְܳ﷽磬ǣס䳰ȷȴǰԥûģнǼϼһݷȷ㹻ĵκ˽а塣
֮٣ĸһȥ֮ǰֻ֮µвȴȫȻһˡ
ȻѾĹܹԴͷųһЩ֮ϢȴҲ޷ŪȻ֮ٸ̷ֲʵϣȥܻ֮٣Ҳұ֤Լһܻš
ĶԱ֮£ýһգڷݷҲԽ˼ּɵ֮⡣
ݷǲҶģݷȥۣҲû˸Ҷݷ֡ûôˡ
м漴ЦһɭȻڵˣȻˣȥɣҵҪܲڱϻ
µ˲䣬֮ݺѹ£ѹĿʼڷл
Ҳֻڻ֮µ״ѣֻҪܹסʹܱ࣬һ鲻𣬿ǣ֣㱣Ļ᣿
ȻǷ̤˷羳صĻܹɳ̶ֳȵĹǱҲ˲ǣȴǻԶһġ
ģۣܹ֮֮ӡǵĿֲһŻ֮ӡǣǣ֮ӡȴֻǲдһϢѣվ޷֮ȡ
ʵȻ޷뵱λĴȣǣȴվǻŵģһ߶֮ƱԶǷܿˡ
⣡
Ȼ³֣米ħ֮ʱâʥϢһɲ籡ӲΧ֮ƿϢӿ֮䣬޾뱾Դħ֮б
һ˲ıʣȻǽҲȫûԤϵӲ֮ǰѹȷ֮򵱼ɢ
ڶطӡ
ʱбԴħ֮ѾԽˣֻʱ򷽴ЩбԴأһ⣬ֻ͵ꡣֱֻرԴ٣ڰΣֻ֮£ħ֮Ҳ⣬״£ȷ˵ȫĵطŽΪ׵ġֻΣ֮£ȴٹ˲ֻ࣬ǿнˡ
һ㣬Сħʼû˵ģħ֮ǿֲ֮ģȻ۵Ҳӣ֮ǰӡ̫ݣ̫ЧǼˣҲŷһδδıԵˡ
񣬵ڶطӡ˳⿪ħ֮ٴαǣһɲǵϮӲѹƻ
ȶ͸һĨ⣬͸һĨ⣬̤ڿУָ𣬺ɡ
棬ʧˣöӵղߣ
ŷ米ĹҲƵ͸һḬ֮̃ɫħ֮Ȼħ֮䵽ַУ
֮ǰҲ˵ӵħ֮Ϣֻȴһֱû£ֻΪԶﴫѡ
Ȼħ֮ܣʶȻľڷһУ̰ܲ
ţ۷״̬µħܹ֮⴩Խ磬ܾ춯أܵõ˵ۿ⣬٣˴⣬ûκκˡ
ռ
ķϻ˫һչһɿֲĿռ֮һ֮䣬ڵγһƬнʮﷶΧĿռ
Ƭռ䳹κι֮ѵĿռʥ۷ǿߡ
Уħ֣֮Ƿһ֮䣬Ҳñռ飬ĸɸɾ
ˣ
ԱʵǿдռķΧ֮ڣǽҲ˿⣬ε֮ϢͷŶһŽɿŷӽ
Ŀռ˵ȻвȴҲûдﵽܹĳ̶ȡ
õħ֮ջСΣʲô
ߣ
Сħĳڷļͷ˵һ䣬߶ħ֮Զȥ
ǽ⿪˵ڶطӡҲ޷ĨȥԷʵϵĲ࣬Ǽȥܿ͵ñץס֮ľǿվǿЦģǼѾʱ۷ս
ȻҲǶԷδγ򣬷ڷʵħ֮Ҳû
ħ֮չÿһȶ֮䣬γһƬֲĿռħ֮Ļ£ȫռӰȰ෴ʼձռ谭ÿһƶž޴ѹ
˳£ڵõһ
ɶ񣡡
ۿħ֮ǰȻȴʼ׷ϣָоʵץѣǣôȥܿͻǿ߸ʱ򷽴ȻӲҲͬѵõħ֮ˡ
СӣҸĻᣬֻҪ㽫ħ֮ңҷ뿪
ۿŻ޷ڶʱץ磬ڻЭˣڻɱ磬ħ֮ջĶֻ࣬Ҫõħ֮ԺԺߵģ۴޾շأûʲôܹκε
ĻͰǰܹĶ
棬õħ֮ҲһֻûйĿ棬αõħ֮ļһ䣬ȴѹûаͣµ˼
ʲôЦħ֮мѵĿܣʧȥħ֮ǿߣﻹаأֲɵѵҪԼԷνĳŵô
οһ˵ǽسŵõħ֮ͷԼߣʧȥħ֮Ƶô죿
ľǿߣҲֻнһ˰ɣ
ߣ׿Щ˵Էӣ裿
һ·֮һӰ޷Ϸһûȥ
޴Сӣڵģһڵģۼûа˼ȻŭŭҧסıӰϧһд۵׷ȥ
һһ׷Ҳᣬԭصݷȴǲüͷ
ʵ񻹸׷Ϸ𣬺οǸҲòЩݷ𺳵ģǷոһ
˵һжģôҪˣʵˣô
ӣܷһٵٵĿǰΪֹҲӲӵˣҪ̸̣ף
۰һֱͬһɽѹÿһ˵УĴڣܹô
˵Լλۣô
еĽݷһʱȴҲ˼


ľ һһʮ а
磬ԽԽˡ
ſڷļͷСħڻ̲ס͹˳Ѿ⿪˵ڶطӡȻԽ׷ɱСħȴһУʵǲһЩ
ʲôܹӳҲǵÿˣͬ⿪ڶطӡħ֮䵽̤ʥ֮ǰķУ޷߶ռͬڽУһ֮ҿռ䣬ǧݽˡ
ǣķȴͲķӳħ֮Ψһҵǣ̤ʥףƿֻرԴܹ֮㹻άָǿȵģ򣬻ѰʥӾ͵ñռҪϿ塣
ٶȣ޷ѽ𣬵ǣԷҲ޷׷ֻʹ˽ס
ǣǣýֺͷҲֳ֪ôĶǿ߾Բֻнһ˰ôȥֻò˾ͻǿ߸ϵʱ򣬽ȻѵõʲôôΧ֮£ҲǱɰ
Цһ£ȴվûпڡ
£˵ʲôѵһԹôû˿õ飬ǾԲȥģҲֻһһˡ
ո̤ʥףҲҪһʱ䳹Ϥǵ֮УѾõ˺̶ܴϵḶ́Щڷ˵ȴȻǲ
תͷ֪䣬Ȼӳ˵ǣΧǿպѱ򣬷ҲûȥЩˣΪûκαҪ˵˺һû
ȵȣ
һ˲䣬ȴȻʲô
˵һĵطЩҲͣģôʾ˼磡
Ȼ޾գȻһ˼磬ƾһ죬ڶǿҲԽ׳ذ벽ֻҪӵ˼磬͸صЩ˸Ҽ׷ȥˡ
ֻʣһҲǵġ
ο۵ķӡ֮£ʥϵǿߣһ˼磬ܿͻὫʥףǵ˸׷˼磬ҲĽһ̵Ľѵ
һˣ統ٶ죬һ··ȥͬ˼紳һҪȥҲֻһ·˺ѿռ䣡
Ȼʥ֮ǰǸû㹻ͨģͨҪĴۿɾʵ̫߰ˡ
ķ˵Ѿʲôˣλٶٴϧһд۵˼紳ȥ
Ƭ̵ʱ䣬Ҳ㷴Ӧ˹һ˿֮ɫһȼձԴ׷ȥ˵˼磬˵Ľءǣ籾۰ңҲŽ֮͸Ӳ˺ˡ
ŵ˵ʱ˼磬ڷ˵ܲȫĵط
Сӣôص˼磬ʵܿͻᱻʥףʱ첻ƵĶŷ磬ٴκΪӣҪĥǸһȥҲĲ㡣
⵹ҲǼٻ۵ӱͺƻļƻԲʲôýӵ֮ϣ۷֣öӸͲŭ֮£˲佫նɱҲûʲôϡġ
ķ绹·ô
˼磬һǵ·һ
ңķҲ֪˼羿ʲôˣһĻ˵ʲôһ˼˼ķȥ
£˵ˣֻҪħ֮ҿԴӦһ·ԺҲȶ㶯֡ۿвЧֻٴΰ֮ǰ˵ǣͼҡ־
СħܴͨĿôĹУСĵѯʵ
Ȼ֪оܻص˼磬ȴվûģҲ֪ӦôӺ֡
ģʵټħ֣֮ͨ練ơ˷ͼСħȴԽ˷ʣһ⣬Ҫܹص˼磬ٶʱھͲΣˡ
˵˼磬ʵ䵽ʥ֮£ͬҲ鷳ȴѾѹ˲ˣ綼ѾҪŪˣֻȻϣ
ӣӣȻԼҪǾ͸ȥɣһٵȰ˵նûãҲڳŭˣȻҲܹ㵽ȥûص˼磬Ȼûܵõħ֮ˣô۽˻ȥɡ
˼磬÷˻ȥû֪ᷢʲôķѾɳЩǿҲòΪ֮ɵĵزı̵ʱ֮Ĩɱ
޾շأʲôС£
һ֮䣬ʱͼӻ˼Ϣ˳ȥͬʱģԼλã
ô˵ҲһҪ취ɱӻ˼·ϣƾһ˰첻Ǿͷ˵ֶɱ
󣬵Ϣ֮һεȿֲķ籩յϢǿ߼ͬʱŷڵķλ
֮УɮȻ۾һ۶磬˲Ϣ˷ڵλá
üͷɮԥһ£ڻһ̤֮£ٶȸȥ
а˵쵱мǿĴڣôа֮һնɱۻǳļ֮һһ˼磬ȴڷϳһ⻹㣬ȻǳۣһٴݻĹ
ǱҪʵǲ۵ģֻһ֣սȻƷʵȻʵҲܱܿնɱ
ֻǣľȴѾЩˣļ㣬ʱ䣬۾ͻ᳹޾ձֻҪ۳ױɵˡ
ǣƫƫû뵽ǸͬһСӣȻô̵ʱ֮ڣɳĵز
һʥףƿֻرԴӵħ֮Ƿβܣʱ䣬֪Сܳɳʲôزı죬ֻ
ˣºֱ֣ӻɱ˷磬׶۵롣
ȻпܣҲǲԸԶֵģǣոʩչϤۣ֮ȷ˷ķλ֮ȴķ֣ĺãѡķλǡǾԶ֣пܻ÷˼ȥ
ҲԸĽˣϾһ˼磬ȻҲԲ̤˼ɱˣ̫࣬ۼʱ򣬸κ֡
ħ֮ȫûʲôȤ𲻶ȴ׵ģǸǸɽѹã֮ܣҲûշħ֮˭ǿշ롣
һˣа𵱼һйǣֱ̤ӴԽոȥ


ľ һһʮ һָ
ˣٶȣ໹ӣܵٽ㣬ʮϢ֮䣬Ҿܴͨϼž룬СħЩ˷ܵĿڵ
ԭΪһθӲˣȴڻҵһ·Ȼע֮󻹻кܶ鷳ٿԻȥˣⱾѾֵˡ
ôĬĬظһ֣Ҳ΢һ
Ȼ׷ĽǷȴܹͬľ룬ܲѾСһЩ֮ڣԷҲǸͲپģСħֻͨҪʮϢʱ䣬ôʣֻҪﵽٽ㣬ˡ
ʮϢʱ䣬ԽٶȣôҲ׷ͨĿˡ
һ·˽֮⣬Ҳͬܵ⼸ǿϢһԼľ룬Ҳڰȫ⣬ôȻΣգһΣȴվ˳ˡ
ò˵Щǿߵʵʵֲ̫ˣȻǰҲ㲻ʲô֮ǰԼʸ񾪶ǣ֮´ٵͱЩˡ
ôǿı̬ļһȻһѹĴֻг̽޾յĻᣬŸȻ͵ϮңˣҲδκεֻۣ۱޾նѡ
뵽⣬㲻һͷʹȻʵԽǿ󣬾Խܸܵ۵ϵ
СѾҪٽˣ׷ˡ
ʱƣ׷ļǿҲͬʱ⣬ŭ˳
ˣΪǵС˼ֳô鷳Сӻ˼磬ˣ
Щ˸˾οһ˼ˣƽҲûʲô˭û˼ˣֻۿŷҪˣȴǲǨŭ
ȫǷϻ˭뵽СӾȻôһ֣Ҳˣһķ˻ȥ˭˵ǣڵһʱ֪ͨô
⻰һȴǶʱ˵Ļ˻ȥ
ħ֮ջʵڲ˵ģҲûܿջ󣬺οƾĶۣ˭Ҳ벻ող̤ʥ׵ķ羹ȻӲӽѣ
Ȼ˼Ļ㷽ٱ̬һЩҲѣ
ˣʱ˵ʲôûˣ취ƺɣ
˵ʱ䣬ٽѾֻʣʮ·̣Է˵ת˲˵ʲôҲû׷ˡ
λһ·ͣСӸмպ
ɨһ۽ǵλãڵ֮͸һĨǿҵɱ
һΣʵЩ׷ɱǱշӣ˵ʲôҲñȥЩ֮仹о޴Ĳ࣬ȴް磡
ˣ
򵥵һ仰ȴǶʱһ죬ֱǳĴ֮ƱسΪ˵ĳ裡
ǣ⻰Ҳɴǵʹϣ˶̶̼ʱ䣬ʹһͨߵȵز˭ҿ϶պ޷׷ǵĲ
Ǽɵһ㣬ֺαس׷ɱ
ӷ𣡡
ڷЦ׼ͨ˲䣬֮ȴȻһţһɲǼ䣬ʱշ·𶼳˲ͣһĴÿһԺ֮У
궼֮һ仰ʱ÷һѪɫ˲ĲҰܣ
깥
һ˲ס깥ĹͷӲ˷֮·
һ̣ĺ㿪ƬأһɫķӰĳ˷ǰס˷ȥ·
һڽɫɮۣں֮ϣķתаڵһأʩּˡ
һڣ·𳹵׼žаģǽҲ޷ȥֹʡ
Ȼаһ֣ȴҲڷһ㵣ģû뵽ȻλˣȻаԼ٣۷жֶҲûлˡΨһźǣаһ֣Ҳûõħ֮ˡ
üͷȻ˲䷽Ҳɮ˵ݣа𣡺٣벻ΪôһС㾹ȻҲˣң
ȥ·練ƽ˵
Ϊһ̿ͣҪʣԶκ˶ǿ󣬼ͷʧܣҲ÷˷ִ硣
⾳ںбԴһʥױֻرԴ֮ٶʩ̸ʲôСˡⷽĵ٩а𵭵ڵ
ǣаڷ۸Ҫ߳ܶˣ
˼ʱԵؽ׵ʵնɱͽҲһСƻ죬ֵزаҲԲСˡ
аˣһЩѡյ۽羲а𿪿ڣҲǿʼаƿ⣬˿
գұ棬ʲôȻͬʱħ֮鿴У׾Щ΢΢ҡͷа˵ҷȱҲԸɱ¾֮£ֻҪʩԸȥһΪ汾зѧһ·
ޣһа飬ȻҲ˴ԲѣħԸȻôȷشСħЦѪɫ򣬷ɵ˷ǰ
ԿΪģȻҲҡһţа𵭵˵ȴҲܶȻСħĻ
ƾҲ۷𣿡а𣬷粻мĿڵ˼Сħ˵㲻һаѣ֪ĿЩ𾭱һΪ𣬼ֱЦ
а𣬷ûʲôģʱ򣬷ҲûκãɴԺˡ
˵ȥһΪаʱֻԼǵñϴԣһܣĽܹܣ
ӷʩִ̫أ汾ǿаɡ
ֵزаȻҲףƾԲܶҡ־һеվѡ
һָռԳƹأ
һָٶȲ죬ȴ޿ɱܣ·һ㣬죬˵ǷˣǽЩһЩ֮ǿҲ޿ɵ
һָ
аȴҪԴͨǿѹ磬ȥΪԼ֮ǰ˵һˡ

ܵǿֲ֮ҲȻ־͸˻֮٣ѳɣܹȻ֪޿ɿ⣬ҲͬںȻ
ֳֵ۽Ҳͬʱȥһȫ߶һ
ɲ֮䣬ֻرԴȫͷŶƶŵ۽ڿлһ̫ͼת֮䣬ܻͬʱ۾ҲͬʱתΪڰ׶ɫȫ˳
䣡
һָ⣬еɲ֮䱬ֲķ籩ռ飬ħ֣֮ƾĿռѾԽɱˣ
һѾԼ߶˼£ν۷һ
һӲ𣬿ǣ䵽һָ֮ϣȴ·ֻһ̻㣬㲨еڽӴһָ˲価
֮һУ


ľ һһʮ ڤ
飡
һɲǼ䣬е۽㱻ɣϵƤȻ˲仯ΪһѪˣһһָ֮ǰԻΪޣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ֻһָޱתۻΪһָɽݺݽѹ¡
ûκεĻɣô򵥵һָӲ򣬼ħ֮Ҳڣ޷Ч
壬궼׽˿á
֪аǿۼһĻҲˣ뵱һսʱаʵǿ࣬ĴڣͬԶܿˡ
Ȼδа򣬵ǣȴǳаҲѾγ򣬲Ż˿ֲս
Ȼô˵٣飬ҲˣֻҪ޾գӭһǰʢˡ
ӷʩˣ˵ֻһΪȴȥ
˫ֺʮаͷڣһǳϧӣǲ֪ˣֻµҪΪǴȱΪķˡ
ֻƣһǿ˲ӿŷȥ
£̤ʥ֮󣬱ٷȥΪˣǣѾγԼĴ˵ȴͲδһˡ
Է֮ڣ֮ĨȥһбԴȻףȴܹϵΪˣڣʣһƵб̺
˫ĿѾɫֻ񱻷֮£ȻһĨѪɫĹͷָ֮ɽѹϣѣٷŭҲ޷ӿ³һ
ֻرԴҲаĻһҲǳ׷ˡ
ˣ
һ㰴µͬʱոձɳȥĵ۽ͻȻһһ֮һ̣һɿֲ֮ӵ۽֮͸ʱռĴڣת۱֮£һն
ոȫͬ˿̵۽͸ϢֱֲԸӣһ㽫Χĺնĸɸɾɫâ͸һ谭һ֮нնơ
֨
аȻ͸һĨâ˿д󣬱Ϊץ֮̽Ǻɫķֱ㽫۽ץ˸š
δаĵӵԽԽˣ۵ĽҲץģ
һһĮȻ˲䣬۽ȻһĨɱӵĹ⻪һ֮䣬㳹׽һֻն飬ΪƬתۻΪޡ
˻δ֣Ȼһ仰Ȼڳ˵սľˣһη·һ㣬Ĳ
ۣ
䣬ԳƱ۵ֻһˣ
ֻ˭û뵽ؼʱ۾ȻĻ֣˲ͱŵɫףûеͷˡ
ۣǿд˼ϳ˫ѹܷӳʵ͸һĨ֮ɫаȻºųϼ⣬ɱȴۣԷȥ
ֻһž޴ѹӲȫʵҲվвģа˵ֻҪ˷磬Ѿ㹻ˡ
һʵҲն㣡һһϮµӰҲڳ˵ǰһɫȨȣ͸Įһ̤֮Уɫ˫͸޾ϡ
Ŀɨ㼸Ϣ
ûԹۣ͸ֲֿΨһĴۣƾһϴڣԶǽЩܹġ
ˣ۵Ŀ⻺䵽˷ϣ͸˼֮ɫ
̤ܲʥױܳɾֻرԴպֻҪֻرԴ͸Щǰ㲻߹Ĵڣֵһᡣ
Щ߳Ƶľǿߣ䵽۵ĿУҲ߹Ĵڣ࿴һ۵ȤûУǣƫƫô˵Ҳû˸ҷһ֣
ۣһʱȴֱ֪Ӧ˵ʲôˣȻ񱻷֮£Ҳ˵
ۣվ٣ҲӱдСӡĿ˵һ䣬аϷĺԽʵҲǴ˿ΨһҸ۶ŵĴڡ
ЦĿȻһ䣬˹ĿڵҪ˭˭
赭дĿڣȴ·ݷаҲ·һϴС󣬸ɲ
ǰǣڣƾһֻû˵⻰ʸ񡣡аƺʮڵ
գδ޾֮ʱûκ˸Υ۵Ļֻһ仰Ҳ޿ΥĽɣһ㼴Ҳû˸ҷϡ
ǣ޾գֻʣһҪ˼磬֧޾յֻܷ֮ӳʵаȴȻġ
мĿ⻺аɨ۵Ȼƴ׹޾գΪܵۼУ
⻰һаҲȻһݣ΢΢һ
ĵ£ɲʵҲκβһŭۣص˼磬Ҳʱ֧֣ȫսܹնɱ
νУʵѾǸ߿ˣ֣ȫһֻ¾Ѿ㹻ˣ
Ǳ£ֻаòˣֻǣʱȴݲˡ
ǱĿãǽղ·磬÷ۻص˼磬۵ָ֮£ֻò˶ãȫƿֻرԴǴ֮
Ǹʱƾ۽ħֻ֮·Դ޾ˣȻˣûлأ۴޾շأ˶һ
һˣаһᣬȻڵ
۾ˣҶ۾߷磡۾ƴ޾ճ֣ڵ۾Ҳ㲻ʲô
ʱֻܶˣ
Ͼ޾յĿֲ˶֪ۣʧȥ֧ţУҲȻٲ
ȻҪҲҪ۲ðų޾յΣǿг֡
ĿаһۣȴͻȻЦ
Ϊ۲ô
΢֣â΢һɲǼ䣬ͣȴǰԥûУһ̵
ʱա飡
һһֵĴӿ³һ仰ת˲֮ǰر飬һ֮µ˶еһת·ĩһ㣬ʧȥ˶ʱռĸ֪
ۣˣ
۾Ȼĺ޹˼ɵĳ֣аסˣ͸һĨŵη֮ɫӴܣ
Ҫ£ûңʲôҲвۣĮȻɨаɫȨȻ֮Ȼһ޴ѷ죬ֱ͸ڤ
ۣ
һ֮±飬аʱشɶͬʱڤͨɫʱһ䣬㷴Ӧ˹
ۣ㾹Ȼڤң
Ȼ򱾵۴ˣ۱ڤ㣬кβɣȻڣ۲м˵ģҸţ۴ڤ֮գ֮ʱ
µ˲䣬һָɽѹķ㱻ڤ֮Уڴͬʱаһ壡
ȻҲ˽Щùת֮䣬ֳͨɫȨȰȻֻȴҲģࡣ


ľ һһʮ ǵʱ䲻ˣ
ۣ
ٴһѪа͸һ˿ɫɭȻһۣǿпڤϵѶϣԴ޷˼磬Ҫ޾֧ŶСδڤ֮
ϵǿѹȻ۳ֻ֣аȴôҲû뵽۾Ȼ˷ƴжϵҲҪڤԼѵ۵治ô
ߣȻˣΪʲôҲһڤ۵ֶΣȻˣҪ߷Բ¡
ѵһγѾ۵ѹե˼ޣûƳԼԷķôôҲδȫûһܣ޾վ˵ЦģҲ޷޾յ֮
ٶʣ˿ȴҲʲˣѹûд˼а𣬵һ̤ջط˼ˣ·аٲʸ࿴һۣ߰ɼҪѪȴƫƫûκΰ취ʸ
һаߺӿҲ漴̤֮УҴҷˡ
һ걻ڤУ˵ҲǸСĴ취ڤ֮ǰܹӵսһ룬˵´ڤа֮ܣҲһͷƤ顣
ν磬ʵ˼磬ڤ
ֻڤȴһΪĴڣڤ֮ûˣڵȫԹа飬һƬڰֻеǹŲ䣬ڤ֮Уһдڵ᲻ţֱľתΪԹа顣
ңǧҪΪЩаڤ֮УаҲͬᱻһδεıȻγʶаԹ飬˵ڤ֮УдʶĴڡ
аȻаôѾγǣȥ˴󲿷аҲͬӴңһɢҲͬ䡣
ȻѾ֮γ򣬿ڤ֮УҲֻԱѣҪڤǰΡ
ţҲֻгɾ˵λݺ磬֮ȥ
ܹڤˣҲֻͬһ˶ѡҲа벻ͨĵط޷ڤķһո̤ʥ׵ķ磬ô뿪ڤ
ô˵аͲмһ˵Ŀˣƫƫ˵⻰ۣǸ˸޷ĥϴڡ

ڤһƬڰֻƾϵǹǿ׵ľȥ
ǣʶƺҲͬܵʲôѹƣɢȥֻƾ۾оȥӴ硣
䣡
һָķȻδɢڤ֮УҲȻǻΪһָɽѹڷϣѹ֮Уϡ
Ȼ֮ǰҲѾ֪õȥˣʧȥаĿƣָɽȻ£Ҳ÷ˡ
ֻǣŸոһ͸еţٶȲǺܿ죬ȴĵȷȷɢһͬСɣԷĶҲݺݲ˲
ֻرԴȻò˶ˡ
ͬʱСħҲڸżգСħɵĴӷڷɳΧĻȴ˿ָɽӰġ
ֻرԴ
΢΢һһֻ֮㻺𣬽ԼôƬ̵Ĺ򣬱ʱоŵĸоʧˣתֻرԴһõķӲϢɡ
ֱһ̣һΣʱ취ڵ鷳
ոһսа۱ʵ˷̫ĳ˾Ȼǿֵز
ԭΪƿֻرԴ̤ʥ׾ѾˣڿȴҲһЦѡ
ͷҲһţƬ֮䣬͵̬Сħڤô£Ҫô뿪
ƲƲ죬Сħ˵ЩӦôָɽķģֻرԴڤʱ˵û̫Σա
Цһ£ҡͷȴָɽķ֮£˿á
ѾԶ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬Ҫָɽķ֮ҲȻǼ֣ڵķƺҲʲôЧİ취
ⷽΣСħ̾ϢһˣħȻ»صڤˣﻹһû䰡
⣬вȻһڤγɵģ
ϻħڤǿħ꣬ȻƾʲôΪħ֮飿мĺһСħ޺޵˵ǱӡڤҪڱħ²
ᵽӡСħֲЩȻˣħ֮ӡѾ⿪أǶ˵ȴȻԶԶ˵ءͷʹˡ
ˣ⿪طӡҪʲôСħ뵽ˣȻҲͬףһ£ǿʵ
ˣҾͲ˵ˣ취ƽԼķɣҿǰﲻκæġûлش𷽴磬СħҡҡͷƺЩһҲһˣҲаһ꣡ڤĻֻ·С
⵹ʵڤ֮У۾ֻܹ۲ΧڵĻĻԷֱ״̬һˣҲԽٻˡ
ֻǣָɽҪô򿪣
ӱͲϲ£Ҳָʲô˰æ˶ĸָɽİء
ҪƿõķǴֻҪб仯Ҫƽ̫ˣĻֻƾƽ⣬ȻҪܾ޴ѹ
ܿҵеĹؽڡ
˵ˣָɽаܻ֮ѣܹ֮ƾҲ֮򣬳Ƿа취֮򣬷㼸ƿ
ΨһĺϢǣʧȥаĿƣ֮򲢲ģԷʵ붼ˡ
ˣҲѾͷˣ֮㲢ҲԶԶʵܴķΧˣı仯м˱ˡ

˼磡
֮ϣ۵ɫҲ¶һ˿ƣ֮ɫɫȨȾͷֱߣɢ͵Ĺâ
״̬ǿгַа˵Ҳʵ̫ЩֻӣȴǶݲвȵģοôֵزҲǸݷʧˡ
ָ̫Ѩţüͷƺ˼ʲôȴʼղδڡ
ڤ۵Ҳûʲôĵģ˵ʥ׵ʵڤǱɣǣȴǲͬġ
οϻħ֮ڣҪûʲô⡣
ֻΨһǡ
ʱ䲻˰硭ǵʱĲˣ


ľ һٶʮ ֻش
ʱ䲻
üͷӿ³⼸֣Ρ
֮УʵѾһ֮ӡˣҪ֮ҲδȫûпܣƾֻرԴΪܻмʱ䣬һܹƽ֮䣬пܴ֮򣬸Լ֮
ϧʱڷ˵ȴȱٵİ
Ȳ۵֮ԼѾȥһ룬ڤҲˣСħ˵ǣʱûΣգȴǾûΣգһɾʵ̫ˡ
ʱ˶һڤģʱ򣬽Ǳض취ѣʱڣΪڤĻֲܷԼʱһѱһᱻְһЩ˵УǱɡ
Ҫģааֻһ걻ڤǣаƿǿߣȴԳƶȣû˸ҿ϶аһҲʲô취ǰҵڡ
ֻرԴȷǿƿصһ磬ƾֻ֮Ѿ֮ˣϧҲŲǸոֻرԴ뵽־磬ûĻԵĻҲ֪Ҫ֮ˡ
ȵȡֻأ
һ˲䣬ͻȻһ⣬ɫʱ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ
ֻأ
ֻأָĲֻرԴһ֣׼ȷ˵һ֣
СħҲ󣡡
ƵֵزȻһַ˵һ󷨣ܹʱ䱻ӳȻķʽʵо֮ĻǾʵٷ㲻ˡ
ֻش
û˵Ȿа𴴳󷨣ȴаܿƵģһ缫ΪϤˡ
屻ԭǾԲܲóֻشģСħİǾͲһˣοֻرԴ͸һЩˡ
̶̰յĹֻشӲ˳һֻش֮С
ֻأô
ķȻܵ󷨵Իһ䣬Χر㰴ԼⲼ˳
磿ôˣǷ翪ڵ˲䣬ֻصҲͬʱ֮ϲã磬иϢҪ㣬ҵ֮Ѿ˻Ϊεķʽò˶ãҾͿ۳뿪ˡ
Է΢΢һ漴𣬵Լֻ˵ԿңгɵĻΪҲδһܣԭ⻰֮пο˼أȴѹûֻɹȴϣһֻһھֺϢ
ǹϲˣֻأЩӣջ󡣡һл絹Ҳǳʵ⣬δ٣ô˵ֻҲԼѣܻΪΣȴֵף
ף״̬̫԰ʲôˣܷϲδ¶ü֮һĨ뽹ȴվǲ˵ģ٣۹⣬ôҲȥ
Цһ£漴ҡͷ˵ֹ֮Ҫ㣬ǵҪˡ
һΰֻشУʱȴǲصĵģһ£Ҳ㽫Щ飬Ÿֻؽһ飬ʱаһָҲ˿
а֮ôüͷֻ漴˵ҪӦõȷܰæ
ֻص˼ǼΪģȻѾѷ統ˣ㲻ʲôƣԽ͵Ȼֻ飬ǶаҲǶЩ˽ģ˵֮Ҳֻش֮УҲģԴ˸ˡ
⻰һʱϲҪ֪֮ǰѾƾܵĴģֻܹģָоȻվ͸˼֡
лˣ²˳٣ҾͲˣ֣ҲɡһǷɫ͸һĨϲɫڵ
ֻȻҲƬ֮䣬а֮Ϣ㱻ֻģ֣ϾֻشΪֻر㼸ܵġ
һ˲䣬ٴν״̬

ںڰ֮Уаһ޴ĺתܻһΧڤ֮ͨͨΧаԹ鶼δӽ㱻ɢ
аʵȻڤ֮УҲڱӶֻǱڤ֮У޷뿪ѡ
ǣڤ֮ʱ֣Ҳ˲ˣһָָɽʧȥϵڤƾһЩֶ½ϵȴǰ취ûˡ
ڤʵҲ಻ȥ׶ѣ֪룬Ҫڤ֮ҵټʵڸûʲôˣ˵ϣҲֻѡ
аҲżˣڤ֮лԼָɽѹķǸѰֻҪڤ֮УͰ׳ˣȵ䣬˼ңʱڤķ֮ȻɶҲδؾûӳȥĻᡣ
οһ죬Ҳڳױ
Ȼаȣǵ״ɾʵЩ಻ˡ
ڤصϢӶǰԵ֮ģȻЩݺϼһǣҲ޷ȫֿţֻƾ败һ˿֮࿹ӻٶȡ
˵ֱЩֵ֮ζˣа֣׷Ϸ磬ҲǱ˼ѣȻҲδԤϣô˵ȴҲҪڤõĶడ
ϴڣҲǵô
һ̣ǲǳӶҪˣţԼ
ڤʲôطҲǶһЩģƾǵʵͱָȥˣõĽҲӦڤĻܹȥѣǱǲҲܱã
ڷ磬ͬǺ֮ǣǷ磬Ҳ䵽ⲽذ˵ڤ綼һ˭˭ն˷磬۵ٺһЩΣ
ɺ޵ǣҲ𲻳Լ֮ϵϣ˵ǣҵټˡ
ȻҪ˵ϣҲһ㲻ʣ
ϾһѹҲаô˵аʲô취أ٣ҴյһҲܶ༸ԱĻɣ
뵽ЩҲͷӬһڤ֮Ĵתͼܹĸͬ飬С

죬
ݷ羲վڽ֮ǰһԲǲע⣬޷֣ﻹи˵Ĵڡ
ݷ磬ЩӽЩϼһҲǴο
ͻȻ֮䣬ݷͻȻ˼˵Ӱɫº͵Ŀڵ
̫ϳϣЩʲô仯ô΢˼һ£ݷ绺ʵ
аͬʱ֣аһ걻ӡڤҲ޷̤˼һǲʲôĻֻò꣬۾ͻˡˣһ˻Ǽ˵Ǹ۽˰ɣ
ǣ̧ͷݷòĻشοҶʼΪȥģڴ֮ʱһս


ľ һٶʮһ ڣ
ǰݷ磬̫ϳϣһʱҲ֪Ӧ˵ЩʲôˣڷҲͬӣȴҲԶûдﵽݷֽƫִĳ̶ȡ
ڼ̫ϳϿݷѾչֳˣʮ꣬Ȼܹ׷ǵľ磬̤λ磬ô˵Ҳֻ۵һӶѣıQٻʵҲı䲻ӵˡӷ磬ҲΪҲԲǷ籾
ǲƷ磬ǵĵǣ۴޾շأʱҪȵľۣʱķ磬Ͳں۵ӣʱܲݷ绹Ŷһ⡣
ֻǣݷУȴƽУӳ̶ȣԶЩһǿ֮ϣ˼Ǻ⣬ȴҲ޷
ݷ簡֪˼룬һ̫ϳϳ˵ЩʼδʲôĶֻ֣зһǿɿһսҲǱȻģҲףվֻһöӶѣ֮ʲô㣬۹ӦóԶһЩ
һ£̫ϳϼ˵ε˵۳֣Ϊ绹лܹô
аԳ֣ͲǷֿܹģܵڳˣѾȫڤ֮УǣôĶҲȫЩϼһǡ
΢΢ҡͷݷȴֻеȴûа仯ȻЩԶԴݷ硣
㻹ǲΪȻô˵类ڤ֮УڤֵطϷҲûлᴳĳΪܳɣԳʥ׵ʵ£ڵͻᱻڤɸɾ
⻰Ȼ˵ĲȴҲ޿֮ڤĿֲЩϼһǱκ˶Ķ࣬Ҫ˵ֵܹطƿڤȴôŵġ
Ȼ̧ͷݷȻһĨâ漴ڵ̫ϳϣǴһΣ
ݷ̬ȣü̫ϳһᣬԼҲȻݷ˼ôķ
ܼ򵥣ݷ絭ڵҶķȻܹȻڤң֮ʱʵᱩǣ
мĺһ̫ϳڵݷ簡ʲôãϣʵ̫ƫִˣγ֮뿪˼ˣﲻƾԼҪڤΡ
̫ϳϡ̧ͷݷ羲ż̫ϳϣƽ˵ΪȻܹңʱ䣬һڣ
һ꣬ʱ䣬ֱ̫ˣǱڤֵطҪһ֮ڳ죡
ȻҲݷſں˵ģ⼸̫ϳܹܹͬ޾֧ŵʱ䣬꣬ܳͱȻ䣡
仰˵ıӵݣͱȻҪ֮ڣﵽһΪֲĳ̶ȡ
㣬һ֮ڣͱڤֻ¾Ҫˣһֺ޵оȻݷȴƫƫǳƶ
һꣿⲻܣԲܣԴҡĺͲ˹һ㣬̫ϳϳڵ
ǱҲˣ̫ϳϿɷӦһ飿ûаֶҡݷ˵
ʲô£
統һ֮ڴڤ֮뼸λ̫ϳϣҪ֣˵һݷҲ͸˼֮ɫصǼλ̫ϳҲܹ
۴ˣһݣ;ԲţڤǱȻǵǿһ֣ҽ⣿ɫһ̫ϳЩõĿڵ֪ҲЩ飬ˣǽĵӣΪ˰飬˵ֻ
⻰˵ĿɾЩˣݷݣǵЩˣЩ̫ϳҲԲ˵
̫ϳϲ˵޷гôοһ֮ڡݷȴҲգֻǾķʵ
⻰һȴǶʱ̫ϳϼҵĲᣬҪˣǳϣпܰ쵽ô
һ£ݷ˵ңҲǽΪά硣
̾Ϣһݷһ֮ڣڤ֮дʱ򣬼Ǽλ̫ϳԳ֣ҲδܹκεˣΪҽƽС
⻰ݷ˵Ҳʵ⣡
Щ뷽Ϊеˣ˼絽죬Ϊߣм˻ţ
ҩΪʦǽҲԸǣǷȴӲҩնɱһƬңֶΣֻҪѾͷʹˡ
Ȼǿ󣬵ǵ뷽𣬱֮£ҲȻʧذЩݷȻҲԸ
֣һ̫ϳ漴ǳһӣҽΪУ
Ȼô˵ȴҲòϣУȴҲԼһ㶯ҡˣϾҩΪ֮ʱɻʥ׶ṳ̂أڤҪ˵ΪУҲδؾȫûпܡ
ģ̫ϳϣɸҸӶô˿Ϊݷ׷ʵ
ϷˣƬ̣̫ϳ漴ȻӦһ˵ǰ棬ȻԼƾ³۳֣㲻
ܾһаһսƺѾȫ뿪˼ˣȴϾۣҲû͸ҿ϶ûֶܹڤ֮оȳϾӣҲ㶪ϵ⡣
һΪ͸һĨЦݣݷʼ
˵Щݷ漴Ťͷ˳ȥˣǱһ֮ټɡ
ԭЩģֻ⻰̫ϳȴȻһʲô
ݷ磬СģȻݷӣ⻰һڣȻ˵˵Ѱ
񷽴ڤ֮УΣķܶɹʵȻǣͰ֮ʱֻҲˡҡҡͷݷ绺˵ӣڣĥ⣬ҲһΪڣ
ڣ
⻰ǽļ̫ϳҲһ
ڽ֮УҪĵطҲɾǽڣȻҲΣյĵطѱ뽣ڣ֮У⺳춯أȻ򣬵ǣҪЧȴҲѾˣ
ڽڣ֮Уÿʱÿ̶ܵʴʵ΢һЩᱻɱοǲֽʴʹ࣬ҲԶǳܵġ
ǽ⼸λ̫ϳҲٻȥڣݷȴҪԳʥ׵ʵ뽣ڣңһȥһ꣬Σѣ֪
У붼û룬㱻ܾˣݷ磬㲻Ҫ֣ʵ뽣ڣʵ̫ǿˣһã˵Լв
Ľڣݷ˵̫Σգ롣
Σô˿Ϊ⣬ݷ̾ϢһΣգܱȵĹڤô
֮ʱȻȥǼᶨ֮ɫҡ


ľ һٶʮ 򣬴̿͵ս
֨
һδεĲȴһδαָѹ£Ĺѹ飬Ҫ֮򣬱ȻᱻɣѹԽˣ
ڣʵֻش֮УõĻԷ״ֻ»Ų
磬У֮򣬲ôƴԶŷֻƮڿпѵ
Цһ£̾ϢһϵָɢſڵȻֻ֪ȴֱܹӵĸ֮򣬷ܰ
ܣǳ򵥣ǺʣٶȻϺܶ࣬ңб仯
ӣ͸߰׷ܣҪƾ֮ԼҵӴ֮ĵ·Ѷ˼֡
һδλܵаһָĳָоޱȵݣȻȻԶȲϵȴҲģ־ˣһָҲͬǷܹܵġ
ȫûκεֿأ㱻һָ£ңԽң֮ܵķɾԽء
ȻֻشУƿͬһĴڣֻҪ룬ʱظ췭ָɽҲȫ޷Ӱ쵽
ķʽǾͽˣȫ𲻵õܡ
ԼУһָоʲôʱԼƿ뿪ֻشҲܹͬԳ棬һصľ磡
־磬ķ˵Ҳ̫ңԶˡ
ܸоƺȫڵĿŷ磬ֻգ۾˵ڵǳ⣬ңҲһηĸоҸоֻҪܹеı仯Ȼ֮Ҳκβ㡣
Ȼֻ飬Ǻʣֻص۹쳣ģһ֮䣬ֱҪؼĵط
ȻһҲ˲ת˻Щӣһֱרע֮ܣֻرԴû̫оôЩ᱾ĩˡ
ֻôһѣȻӦ˹ûֻرԴΪصܹݺ磬죬̶ܴϣҲֻرԴ
ԼڻԵɺ֮£ҩ֣֮ɾֻرԴô񣬷أ
֮ȷǣԼ˵ȴվЩ̫£ֻرԴܹ׵ҵйؼһܱ仯ƿ
һˣȴǶʱȻʣֻһлѣƫִˣ
Ȼֻ飬Ƕڷ˵ȴûʲôӣѾֻصԼѣȻȻı㹪û˿
Ҳ̬ȣֻأһ統һ㣬Ͽ˷ѡ
Цеİ˰ֻ֣صˣ㲻˵ѾӦûôʲô֮䲻ÿ
̵ѧ˵ֻ̬صļ˵ҲҪоεķˣ˵⿪֮ʱҲҵΣķء
΢΢˵ͷȴҲ˵ʲô˼ڵֻرԴһܿ
ֻش֮УôҲʵʵһ˿ǣǶƿصܸƣǾ沢û̫ˣֽ֮⣬ǲ˿Ӱġ
ʱ˶ִ֮ţĸֻرԴľ֣ԼֻرԴʵ̫ǳˣ˵һֽɵĳ̶ȡ
򵥵ĴһȷɣһСڻԵɺ֮£ͻȻӵǧ֮ȴ֪ôģã
һ飬ֻʹ˿ɡ
£һˣܹƾſֲѹƣǣͨ񶷵ĸֱ֣һ
ķ磬Ҳ״
ֻرԴ˵һ޴Ľɽȴȫ֪ӦôɽΪɽֱӳԣƤͷ
ֻص£ʶ⣬ʼĥɽҪôˡ
棬֮ܵѹƣ֮£Ҳûȴʵ飬ֻش֮УɾͲһˣֻҪ룬ʱԲ˿Ӱ죬ǻûһЩԼУƿֻرԴ
һ˼ôһоȻʱţգ۱ȥ꣡
Ȼֻش֮ڣʱҲǾûʲô壬νһΰֻ꣬صĿ£ʱȻͬȥ˰꣬ʵϣ棬ҲǶ̶̲һµʱѡ
Ȼڷ˵һµʱ䣬ջɾʵ̫ˡ
ۣ
ָ㶯Ϣ֮һ̫ͼֻرԴ֮һ㣬˲䱬ֻһָȻ̺ȴԺء
ҪκζĶһָɻɱʥ۷ǿߣǽһָ֮£Ҳδؾֵú
δγ֮򣬵ǣֻ֮УȴԼ͸һ֮⾳⾳ֺֹǷ
ǿǿĿֲ
ķٻͷԼսʽֱɵͬͯһ㣡
һ֮䣬һָȻ£Ȼǵһָ˷ǿһ
գһָ֮£ȫû˿Ļ֮Ȼ񣬷ȴȻһ˿âһ̤ĳһذףһȦӣ̫ͼһţһ̣ǿֲȻݺһָײһ
û̫ĻȻһȴֱƾɱ
ֲһָذ֮£·Ѫ֮һ㣬ݺնһȱڣʮ׵һӣ
ۣ
һѪվǱһָѹֻǣѹڷϵָȴȻȱһ飬ҡҡ׹
һ̣ʱЦ˳˷ϲ֮飬ȫ޷Ρ
̫ˣͬǱ򣬵һΣȴֻΪ˴ʵ̫󣬶δ޿ɷˣֻҪһֵܹǿһЩԵնһָˡ
һȻʧܣǶڷ˵ȴһɱ䣬ζţƾֻرԴѾܹ֮򿹺ˣ
еĲֱ࣬ɼ
һºԶֻҲܵеı仯ٴο˵
ȻһЦ漴ڵҪлѣЩӣͨ˺ܶණͬඥһ㰡
˵⣬ҲЩ̾ˣ
Դӻõ۽ʼ֣ʵѾʼƫˣܶ£̫ǿ˽棬ҲӲƾǿʽȡʤ
һ·߸ͽ̤ʥ׵ĵزǣȴ޷ӳսˡ
ֱ˿̱򣬷оֻرԴ֮ʱȻѣһζӲͲӦԼսʽ
ʲôǴ̿ͣ
Ĵ̿ͳ֣Ӧ׷һɱ֮ǰ׼׷Ǿɱһľ绪
һпֶΣӦǴ̿͵ĳַʽ
ͬոջûذ׵һȴʵʵһɱ
ǣӦüֵսʽ
һ򣬱췭ظı仯


ľ һٶʮ ںϣ飡
վ֮УһβûжκԵüΪƽ΢촵ȻԵá
ֻرԴ⣬ҲѾʱﵽһޣ񣬼Ƿ磬ڶʱڣҲֻرԴƿʲôˣ仰˵ܹʵƺҲѾﵽһޡǣȴҲȻԱڷϵָɽ
ƽվ֮УһеǷķΧĵǷҪġ
ЩӵĶ÷ԼĶλ羳ڲ֪䣬ٴλþ˿̣ҲҪķʽ򷽴羳һԼʵ
򵥵˵ֻرԴȻǿ󣬵ǣҪȫտģǱ羢ȴ൱ˡ
Դ֮ܶ£ƺ룬񷽴ǵı羢ʥ׵ȴ޷Դ֮ںС
ҲΪʲôԴӻõ۽֮УսԽƫ˴֮̿ĸԴԭڡ
Ҫ»ع֮̿ҪԵģҲǱԴ֮羢ںϣֻнԴ֮羢ںϣɱҵս֮У⻹ҪűԴķƫơ
ϾԽǵ˺棬ԴþԽ󣬽Դ֮ãҪܵ
ֻǣںϣȴͲǵŬܴﵽģȱģһֶ
ˣֻأΣʲôչôվڿУʵ
ᵽֻصɫʱ鷳ˣһ뿪󷨣Ҿʧȥ˿֮Դȱ͸޷õΣ˵Ļ֮ǰ׼Ͷùˡ
뷽һֻصĸҲ֮ͬУ֮лơ
΢һ£漴ȻֻأҪȲô
Ļֻضʱɴ۾ȻһжģķǳʵǣȴҲվǼٵģʲô裿ǸЦô
ȴȥǴһ˿΢Цת֮䣬ΧĻȻá
Ρɽ֮ϣɽ죬֮ԵøǰһȻһˮȪˮཱུðݣֱ߷һӵСľ
ְŪŲߣĶԵüΪƮݣȻɡ
㣬ֻȴֱ治ʲôҶģʶڷԣŷϤİŪһУһԲ
ֻزףҪʲôȴӰܰĸоƺѰĳȴЩ龰
Ƭ֮䣬һȻݺãΪֻԴò裬ͷһڣ̾Ϣſڵþúþûйĸоˣֻأ֪ôʵʱ⡣
ֻزûлشʵϣҲѹûָشʲôԹԵ˵ȥ
ͷôݲ裬ʲôʣʲôţͷ赭дĻ⡭ԶԶһеķ׷šͷ˵͸һ˿׷֮ɫ૵ʱҲЩ÷ζŰ취ɽȥֱ뿪˷ɽʱĿɹ󡣡
Щ粢ûиʲô˵ΪϣҲͲ˽Щ
ֻأȴȻȻ˵˳ƾֻشӡеһУֻǣΨһȱʧģȴֻˡ
ԷȻܹûͷֻǣȴζԸ
ΪģʵٵҲվֻǼٵģԶ棡ģⷽɽһһľģκһκһˣȴʼղԸܻһٵͷ
ֻز˼ȴܸܵ˿̷ֵ׷뱯ˡ
ĬĺеĲ裬ֻʼղδ廰ֻǾŷĽڷɽϵһУֵܰ

ŷ岻ϵСħȴվһС
շķԸúֻش󣬵ȴ޷淽һģֻػ磬ֻʱƣҲԽļ
ڤѾһˣȻʱûʲôΣգǣСħȴҲѾܹоΧаӽˡ
һа飬СħܴˣõκΣգǣ񿿹аȴѾӵʶڤ֮УҲǼΪǿĴڡ
ǵСħָ֮䣬ܸɵа飬ǣ񱻷ӡţǾһˡ
Сħа飬ȴҲͬ޷ֹаԷĳҪ֪аĹֱػһаʶܿͻ飬ڤ֮УصĴˡ
СħаһĸӦֻҪһΧ֮ڣ׵ĸܵԷĴڣչ㣬ʱ䣬аͻ⻹СħŵĽƬ֮ǰаܳ
Ƿ粻а鹥֮ǰ鷳ɾʹˡ
һ̣Сħ˼ٵֻشˣֻǣų֮ʱȫշķԸɣͲ󷨣һչûа취ֹ֮ͣ
ҲֻǶŷżˡ

еĲ豭£͸һ˿֮ɫ漴̾ϢϧˣЩվǹȥˡģʵҲվǼٵġ
µ˲䣬Χľ裬ʧһϮ£վɽ֮ϣĳһɫ̣һͷŵһģһ
磡ԥһ£ֻػǻڵϲָо
ȻһЦץ̣ڵһ㣬Ȼֻأģܻ뵽취۳ģȻǼٵģǣպǱȻʵ֮źȲ衣
ƽ
ɽѾʮʱ䣬ÿһ죬ճ䣬裬ǷݵƽѾԽƽȻľȴڲ֪֮õ˳
л㻹룬Ҫô⿪ķɡ͸һ˿ж֮ɫֻȴİ˰ֵ
ˣݳһĨЦ⣬룬ѾԽ⿪ˡ
ĻشԴ󳬳ֻصԤϣֻضûܷӦЩӣûпôݲ裬磬ܽ⿪ˣ
ƺֻز֮⣬΢΢̧𣬵ձʱָɽ£ѹԣԶ֮ǰģҪµĶࡣ
˵֮ǰģһֵָֻӣôһָѾ߰˷ֵʵԡ
ǣˣҲȻûаη壬һ̤룬еͬŲͥذ׶ĻûƳһķʽ赭дĴӲ䵽ָɽ֮ϣ
һ˲ıǿƽһƣȴ˲䱬һɾǿһ֮䣬һָ˲ֽ⣬ûѵ𶯣һжƽͬɽˮɾ䣡
һ˲䣬ֻضʱŵĵɴ۾þöûӦһҲ̬ʵЩ˰ɣ


ľ һٶʮ ԣ
ޣ
ʯ쾪һҲֻشУ棬ľһˡ
˵һҲδؾ㶥ϾһָֻаһңֻشܳҲԶûаԳֲֿǣˣһ֮ȴʵʵ̺֮ġ
֮ͬƽ⣬Ȼ㲻ʲôǣˣһǸû֮ģȫƾ豾Դıʵʵĺ俪֮˲Ϣһָеɾʵ̫ˡ
Ȼ˿Ҳһľ衣
ֻرԴ羢ںϣ⿴Ѱһ֮У࣬ϿɾԲһһôˣֱǵ߸ԵģȻֻ˲䣬Ҳֻάһ֮ϣǣĹ䵽ϣĿɱǻԵĴˡ
ôģʲôûŷ磬ֻسɵˣ֮ǰķ类ס޷⿪ģ룬ôһתۣȻѾ˿ֲͻơ
óɽ֮ǰ龰ֻؿɻǼǵģʱ򷽴ĹȻ£ȴҲԶûдﵽɱһеĵز˵һ֣ܸһ޿ɵֿĸо
һҪԱȵĻڵһ֮ǰ֮
ǣֻȴܹĸоһûףʵʵԼġ
΢΢ҡͷſڵ򣬲һҪʵһ֮𣡡
ЩûֻؽͣҲ޷κ˽ͣνĵȻƽƷ֮䣬أľ磬˺ס
ʵϣӴľֽۣɽĻ׷ͷһʱĵεΣȻǷҲһ
磬㵽ôģ̽ҡʽֻ˵ʵ̫ˣҲ޷⣬һʱ䣬ʱ˷ܵıŷ
Цһ£εʼֻأҲ㣬ֻǣЩûͣνϣĵûݵġ
ԽǴԽ޷ͣоȫһģ׾ףףǽҲס
ˣʥ֮ôԴɣԭ򣬾ΪЩ⾳޷ڣֻȫƾ˵츳Եȥ
÷˵ֻشֽܹʱŵĵزܹЩģⷽɽһУȥ¸أҪ͸Դ֮羢ںϷʽҲͲܡ
Ƿ츳ͬҲһֻԵ
Ǳһָ򣬱ڤ֮Уܳһʱ䣬ҲʶԼѾƫ˷ЩͻȻҲ͸̸ˡ
Щ޷ֻؽҲֻǿЦŷܹȥˡ
ˣ˼ӣỳɷƭϴڣǶֻ˵ȴ˼֮ȻȻı˷Ļ
뵽缴ȥֻҲδЩᣬôȥҲֻзôһѶѣĸ飬ǸϧģҲ뾡취Ҫ壬ʵ統ˡ
΢һ£漴ڵֻأ㾿ôεģҽɡ
֮ǰ˵취ֻ壬˵ֻ˵ǣڷ˵ȴ൱һŵȻ߾ȫȥɵġ
ȸֻôεģ֢ܶҩѰҺʵķֻء
ڷ磬ֻȫûκλɣɴıЩĥķϸĽһ顣
ʵ˵ˣ꣡
Ϊ飬ûģֻͨһ˿Ƕѣϸ㲻ǣֻشȴǲһģԣ;ˣɻǳرЩֻش˵ļҲΪϡ
ֱ鳹Ϊ־ʱʵѾ൱ˡ
ֻǰ󷨵ȴ޷γܻ
ֻأЩӣʵ꣬ͼγһ꣬Ϊƾ裬Ҫ۳ΣǾ׵Ķˡ
ǣһȴʵ̫ˡ
ֻرֱ̫仯ֻʶΪ뿪󷨣ʧȥ֧ŵȴ֪뿪󷨣޷ԭȱ֮޷γꡣ
ôһȴˡ
ˣҼˣģȥ֮һ취ҵʽ㣡ֻصļ򣬷һ£Ŀڵ
㣡ЦŵͷֻذȻ˵ˣԼҲ취ģ˵ҵҾѾԼܹأҲûôء
Ҳģ˵ţֻȴǰ㲻ȱģΪֻش飬ôֻеѾˣȻηʲô
˵ͷҲن£һ̤͸һĨâһɲǼ䣬֮УȻ˺һӣһ̤Уת֮䣬˳ֻش
˲䣬Ȼ˹
¡¡
ܵѣΧ֮ٴѹȶϣָɽݺѹ䡣
֮ǰӦΪѣֻȴѾȫûʲôˣƤûһ£΢΢˻ΣֻرԴɱ㽫ѹжصӰˡ
ˣ磬Ҫд鷳ˡ
ܵ˲䣬Сħͱ˵һֻѾγʶа飬ʱ֣ܳڵ״̬¸ûа㷴Ļᡣ
˱£ӦָɽѣȥӦа顣
οа鱾ڤµĴ֮һˣûбԷʥ׵ʵֻҲӦϾڤ֮УЩаڤĻܹʵԶ˼µĶˡ
ʶаô⣬һȴǲûָ̾ɽķ˼ķһ䡣

Ƿ˵ͬʱԶȻһɭЦ˻飬ңЦܿһƬ
㻹ż׵ľ룬ҲȻܹĸоаϢˡ
СģЩʶа飬Ȼа϶Ŀľ̽ʵһ֧̾ͻᱻɡСħĿڽ͵
Ѿͷˣݲð⡣
ˣջΣͻȻʲôСħ򷽴ʵϾ֮ǰ˵ƾǸʲôл⿪š
ֻǣȷǱߵа㵱ǵһа飬мʮ
Щͨа飬ʵȻ̫ǿȴҲ൱ʥ׵ǿˣôһƬӿңȫȫĹҲ㹻˵ˡ
磬Ͻ취Ща飬һܰסһӵ־а鹥ұֹˡ͸żֽ֮⣬СħſѪɫĳ򣬿зһĽһЩаȥ


ľ һٶʮ Ǹʵ̫ˣ
֨
Ща飬СħҲչ¶һ棬СС˲ѪɫӰһצȥӲаץƴɱ֮£צӣݣԻΪֲ
˵Σ֮а飬Сħǰȴ̲ƷȫܸκвǵķСħڤ֮УȴǸܵӰġ
Ǳָɽ֮µķȫ޷ֻĿСħǰ˻ԼôҲ޷ָɽѹơ
֣ʲôڣΪʲôࣿ
Ƭ֮䣬аı󻺻һƮʵ
ﲻܴĵطаȫûаںСħɭȻвħڤݺʱ㻹֪ء
ÿļһڤ֮Уһһμиô˵ĴڡХ֮䣬˵аʱЩа֮˳ɫ͸һĨâδֱŨصء
һ˲䣬ɫȴԽѿ˼֣ƾϢܸоɫаʵֻ±ԱˣԼ͸һĨ֮У̺֮ϢȻ⣬ȴҲԲʥܹˡ
ʲôҲڱħǰ͸һĨɫСħһתɫа鹥˹ȥѪɫһţֲѪɫ͸
Сħٶһ˲ᵽ˼£ͲԷκĻᡣ
ۣ
գ֮䣬СħӲаڴ˹ȥӲ˺һӣˣһɱˣϧԷȴͬ壬ܴҲ
ֻǣһȴҲɫаһԴӲʶڣڤ֮ҲѾεʮˣǿĴҲûмСħȴʵû
ǿֲٶֵĺ̶ȣѪаֻҲ
һȴҲɫаܵһЩ֮ͬԣ˺ܴƣ
Ƭ֮䣬ɫаͷӦ˹Сħչֳ̬£ûзأǣȻܹȴ޷˺
ôȥƻᱻǣֺαظСħ
˷ۣСħȴǸɴĴˣǱӡСħʵֻɫһצӾ㹻ʮˡ
ÿɣƾסɱࡣĳСħɫаɭĿڵκβ㣬Ҳҡ
ܹڤ֮вʶаҲɵϣһת۵ʱ䣬ֱץסҪĵط
ڤ֮УаȻҲ˴ǣ˵ףҪɵҲѪ飬緽ܹ࣬ѪıܣҲܹͬʵ
ֻҪ࣬ûзŹĵ
СħȴǸûϵģ򲻹СħǣͬСħٶʱҲκεһҪӣСħǸ׷ϵġ
ɷһ˵Ѫ⣬Сħ㲻ʲô顣
ȻһСħɫҲʱңƾħ־ɱҶҲɡ
֪ûʲôôСħȴǲòв
ǾԿˡ˿ΪָΧаǰͺ̵ĲסСħɫа龶һŷƽǰƺʵǿǲ֪Ϊʲôȴܸһ൱ΣյĸоòСһЩ
ɫа鲻ϽӽָɽѹЧҲʱɫаˡ
һ˲䣬ɫаʱϲȻˣȻǱĿ棬ˣûܾȵ㡣
˵֮ǰЩɵĻô˿ָ̲ɽĴڣɫа㳹׷ſһеĹ˼ɣ㷽ټ֣ڱ£ҲͲκвֻһɵѪꡣ
ңڵġɫа飬絭⻰ƽʱ˵кܴǴ˿̣˶ѹָɽ֮£ȴʵе̫ˡ
ƾڵ㣬ʸ񷴿ôһһ㣬ܾĥмһɫаһ㵽ǰɫ˷֮ɫ
΢΢ҡͷƺûпɫаһ㣬ڵСħа顭˻᲻̫ϧ
ԭ֮Ȼ˿⻰СħȴǶʱΪ֮һŷô꣬ڷӣҲǷǳϤģܿᵽ쳣
ЩаҲ壬˾ͻˣҲܹͬɡ
뻣ôթ࣬ǲϵģƤȻɫа鲻аĿڵ
΢΢ҡͷɫаһſҧ͸һĨ֮ɫǸʵ̫Щ


ľ һٶʮ ̬Ҫ
̫ˣ
аѾڷˣֿɴ
Щڷеļһһ˵ĻᣬһȵҸ棬ǾǣԲҪ÷翿̫ԣ
¡¡
һɲǼ䣬ѹڷϵָɽȻ飬һԾ𣬷۾ûգһ£һȭƿնݺҵɫаϣȭ̫գ֮䣬ɫа̫ͼӰ֮У
ǱܵģɫаȻᵽϢһܹвΣ˿⡣
ӣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ѾΪɫа˿ΨһͷˣֻǣͷŸո𣬱㳹ɢˡ
ˣˣ
˽ľ֮£˵ˣаִڣҲˡ
һȭɫа壬ֻرԴ羢ںϵһ𱬷һ澪ķ
֮ڣ޵У
ֻ˲仰ĺ壡
ڽڣ÷һ˴羢ܹľɱ
ȻֻǿĻȻǽɫа򱬣Ҳһɱǣһ֮Уȴֻ̺ͬرԴ
ֻرԴأķҲûȫŪֻǣµĳ̶ȴԶκԴ֮ϣ֮򶼺סֻرԴ
ңڤ֮УֻرԴ·һ˿ļӳЧһУݶ첻
òγɵʶ˲Ϣ֮Ӳɢһ
ĽǷԼҲһЩ⣬ȻЩҪˣһ䣬̤ڤĴ֮ϣеĸڤϢ
ѹϵָɽ˶ʱָգ͸һĨľâ
ŷ磬Сħһʱ䶼ûܷӦոһзĶʵ̫ˣ쵽ӭӲϾһֻеĸо
ĻɱҲʵ̫ɴ˰ɣǿʵɱһĴڰνڤ֮ǰҲ޷֮⣬ֶξҲӰ֣֮ôһתۣôȻܹɻɱˣСħѾϤ˷ҲǲΪ֮զࡣ
̬ãСħڻǴӿ³ôһ仰һķۡ
Ҳķ磬Сħˣôıֻ֣СħѾʼˡ
һ˿Ц⣬νʼ磬㲻Ҫа֮ôٲ֣ɾͳˡ
ᵽСħȻӦ˹ٹ˲øϻһſƴΪаɢڿռ֮ڵ֮ȻЩѽ⿪СħķӡȴҲǼΪѵõĲƷˡ
ǸʲôֻشôǿЧ뵽СħЩ벻ͨģֹʵ
ӷֻشڣǰҲһ¶ʱ䣬ô˴ı仯·˶֮ɱһһ㡣
Ƭ̣粢δشСħĻ˫ıؿڣʵСħ˵Ҫôꣿ
Ĳ˵СħڼʶϣǾԶԶģ⣬磡һʱҲ𰸣ǣСħδûһ취ˡ
գ֮䣬СħͷӦҪǸΣ
Сħһƣ絹ҲûκڣԵ˵ͷ˷ܹô࣬а취ҲҪһѣ
ŷ磬Сħãſڵ磬֪ζʲôһ󷨵һ죬Զʥ֮ϣ
һ㣬ʵϲСħ˵ҲܲµĵҪ󷨵ҲͲôˡ
һܹɹȻͬҪ٣ܲܶɹȫƾ컯ʧˣͬһ˵СħҲѵõˣצ˵
ڶɹ֮ʵԿ֮ǿߣһʧطɣɴʱɾͼˡ
⻰һǷҲ΢΢һֻطɣô
Ȼģ뵽˼Ѫħǵ߸Ĵڣһ⣬ɴ⻰ֻҲδؾ
ͷҲֻһţ漴ҡͷҴӦΪһ㵣ǾʳԣߣҲţֻرزẦҡ
ͬʲôѣȻֻصѣûôĹ˼ˡ
СħΪȻӣ΢΢ҡͷο淴ɣҲԻֽնɱжǿҲӲ
Ȼ粢Ż⻰˵ͬţһߵڣͻ۵һ˵ĵزֻؼѵܱȵô
⣬СħŻ˵ͷ
ֵĻҲûκΰ취ϾǡڤĿ˸Сħ
ڤĻͼΪ⣬а飬ȴҲܹͬа飬൱ìܣڤ
طǷæҲûа취ڤȴǲͬģڤĻֻҪһЩۣл
ֱ˵ɣҪôһ£ɴĿʵ
ɫаĴڣųСħ˵Ȼɱǻ׽
׽ǷĿܣҲǲûһȥ
Ǹոջɱɫа飬ҲǺмĳɷֵģɫаɵĴյǰǷҪɱҲôףҪ˵׽ˣ
˷ۣСħĿڵ꣬Ȿ֮٣Ϊף
ƺܷܴӣСħ˵Ȼ˵Ļ׽Ҳ׽һˣҵĹƣץʮֻǿҲ͹˰ɡ
ʮֻ⣬ѾѪˣҲǿܴﵽô
Сħ̬Ҳ֪ûģҲ㲻ٶϿˡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôٴοʵιСħ㻹û˵⿪طӡҪʲô
׽ʮֻа飬Ѿ÷Ѫĳ嶯ˣСħ˵ȴȻ赭дı飬ǵᵽطӡ֮ʱȴأĸԼָα̬Ҫ
ȷ֪ԴƳһ۷磬СħϾķʵ
ϻܶѣҪ֪ܽɣûĺһɴĶ˻ȥ
´㣡мƲƲ죬Сħ˵Ȼȴܸо˿Сħƺûʲôڴӣ񣬾ֻǵΪ˴ѣָܹ쵽
ôΪȻĺһ⿪ڵѵսۻô
ٴԭΪȻܹСħԱˣȴ룬СħĻشȴǶʱһˤ˵ϡ
צӳԴСħĿڵɣҪطӡҪһλߵ꣡


ľ һٶʮ Ȫ뿪Ψһᣡ
ߵ꣡
Сħ˵ҪѾȥ˺ܾãֻҪ仰̲סһЦʲôЦǴˣ˾Ҫ󰡡
ֻܴһλߣÿһɾ͵λĴڣϴڣ
Ĳ˵ֻҪ۾ףǺεȵĿֲˣҪһλߵܽ⿪طӡǸô
ֲСħͲԸ˵Ҫ쵽һ㣬ʵ̫ˡ
ڷԭԤҲֻǳɳһԿ۵ĳ̶ȶѣ취ס֮⣬ס˼ͬʱ۴޾յС
˵նɱۡ㷽һֱڼ㹻ģ뵽Ҳ⻹һզࡣ
磬Ҳ˺üˣ˵˵ڴôſڷļϣСħĿѯʵ
㲻Ѿзô㲻˵ô֪ҪôǴһ˿΢Цſڷʵ
⼸켸ĿĵתƣһϤӦڤĻСħֲ첻̬ȣȴ֪һЩʲôģСħ˵һʱ䵹Ҳżѯʡ
͵ķһۣСħεĿڵϣֻӵ֮Կڤӡ֮ǿпͨ뿪
֮Կڤӡ֮СħûоĽͣҲףͲܣֻҪа֮ܣ޷ƿڤ֪ˡ
ϣܹķʽɽڤˣҲֻǸ߸ϵˡ
Ҳ˵ˣֻ϶ѣأ絹ҲżĲСħеſʵ
Ȫ
ӿ³֣Сħ˵˵ɹȪֱӴڤѡ
΢΢һ粻ĿСħѯʵ
ܹܵڤ֮ɣСħͷ򷽴ʵ
Ȼô֪ܲ񣬷ҲʱֻرԴ壬ܱɢ
ȪԴͷСħȴҲԵ˳仰˵Ҫ˵ɹȪˣֻҪմȾһȪ֮ˮҲɢĳ׵ס
һȴǲûӵİ취
ȻƾֻرԴܹ֮Ӱ죬ȪҪ˵ƾֻرԴܶžȪӰ죬ȴôҲŵġ
£ֻرԴ֣ҹţôҲڻȪ֮ġ
ɫʱļΪѿʲô취ѵ䣬ԼܴԽȪɣ
Ҳֻ˲Ĺ򣬷ȻӦ˹ȵȣܹ֧Ŷã
⣬СħЦ˳磬ķӦô
ȴǸûдȤ˼ˣûĵСħһԲ
ּһܹ֧ʮϢҵʱɡЩˣСħҲ㲻׽ŪɴĻشȻ׽סаʵֻһ꣬ڻȪ֮УӦҲ֧ŰϢˡ
ԽȪҪãƬ̣绺ʵ
ʵ״ħ֮Ϣ֮ڣаճȥġ΢һ£Сħֽ͵ڻȪ֮У㲻Ҫÿռ䷨򣬾ֹĴԽռķʽҲͬ
˲СħȴԼܹܵһЩģسɴɲǵĿռ䷨ˣСħҲһֿܡ
Ȫ֮ϣϾһзȻҲ޷ЧҪȥֻӲţ⻰ҲͼӽΪʲô޷ɹȪɡ
Ҫ֪аȻֻڻȪ֧֮ŰϢǣҪٶȣǷչħ֮Ҳ޷аȰ
Ĺؼڤ֮ϣȫϾһз򣬻仰˵аڻȪϣҲֻƾ߶ӲɣһٶȻ̫ˣҪٶȶɹȪɾͲǰϢˣϢܹܲȥ⡣
һ˲䣬ͰסеĹؼħ֮Ӱ죡
·𿴴˷˼һ㣬СħĻشħ֮ǲӰģֻҪչħ֮ٶȴԽȪ
ˣ˵̶ֳȣѾʲôˡ
ԣ׽аڵˣǴʱ뿪ȪΨһʽ
Щ˵ʱһʹãǵȪ֮ˣпڻȪ֮У֧ŹϢʱ䡣
ȻҪܽ⿪طӡĻ̵ĴӻȪ߹ȥҲܻȫΨַ类ˣСħᵽ˵طӡ
ֻǣСħ⻰ҲֻܿЦˡ
ôԼͲò취ʼˣұ뱣֤Щţڷ˵еѶȿɾ˺üˡ
ԭΪֻشԼʵѾ㹻ˣȴȻǲĶడ
٣Ҫ˵׽ǣȫûаգҪ˵аˣ


ľ һٶʮ а飡
Ȩа飡
˵аʵһȽֻǣаʱǿʧܵģʧնɱˣҲлܹҵһǣֻɱ˽ǣ㲻þͻᵼ޷ɹȪˣĺɾ̫ˡ
ֻа֣취ԼʵԽǵʱ򣬰ղŻ󼸷֡
οܹץ㹻а飬ֻ۳εĻֻصʵҲܹϺܴæˡ
Сħ˵һֻ˳ɹ۳ʵ̾Աⴥ֮ǿߣ˵аɣӦҲȽǿһЩɣץȻҪ׵Ķˡ
໹ʮľ롣Сĵĸа֮ĸӦСħڵ
ʮ룬£ת˲ڤ֮УķҲððʧʧľͳȥ
ڤĻһϢҲֻƾСħԣܸӦЩγʶа飬˿ǰܲģҪɵĳȥһͷײаǰѰ·
ʵѾ˻ɱǵİգаĻȴҲǳԼȻԶ֡
΢΢ͷ粢ûٶ˵ʲô
ڤֻ˵ȫ޷ӦΪ̿ͣѾϰӦֲͬĻΧĺڰܸ̫Ĳʡ
һϢĻܹõλá
һսôĶ׾ܴǧǸһѱ˹ɱô
нŵ۽ͬߵһ㣬һϢķڵϣһ
֮£ԷֶΣаӽʮ֮ڣѷĴڣķ·ѾڰΪһˣټСħնԷעĿԾԽСˡ
Ȼڱ統ն־ٶ൱СħȴҲ֪ⱾɾķʽˣԷʵҪ׽ӵʶа飬Ѷʵ̫Щ£СħҲ̫ãϾս֮£һע⣬пܻɱа顣
֮ҪǹаԣһͷȥҲֻŶԷӵˡ

ͬԶаҲڻƽСħڵλá
ֵĴڣôĳСħʮ֮⣬Լ͸һΣаĿڵ
ӵ־֮һΧܹܵ˴˵λûǣһ£ӵʶаȴǺٱ˴ģڸоԷ֮󣬾ͻ뿪
ǣСħȴȻû뿪˼ܵԷϢ֮󣬷һ·׷ľٶа˵ɾǳˡ
ܺõĲƷôԾķϣħԸһɱĻᣬԼɢȥʶɡ촽Сħ͸һ˿̰֮ɫǲмĿڵ
˵ʲôһ˲䣬а㱻׼ŭˣڤܹ֮γʶ£˴ʵĲ඼̫ҲΪʲôЩа֮ٱ˴ĸԴڡڣСħȴֿ̬˵ܹ̣
ôǲôȻˣħȡǡںһСħų򿪿ڵֻȴȻûж˼ֻе֮ɫԽԡ
ҵҪֵļһʲôֶΡһ˿æа鵱̲סСħ˹

аСħΧҵͬʱһȻһ̣һ̫ͼȻаϣֻرԴ֮Ȼа
ֻرԴɱа飬ǷΨһܹ뵽ķʽ
ֻرԴǼΪģһȦУа飬Ҳѳơ
ֻǣ£аҲɵӣܵԣ̾ͻ˿Ҫסʵ̫ѣΨ͵Ϯл쵽һ㡣
࣡
зһŭ˻а˳ģ㾹Ȼҹవң
а鱾ȻҲ໥һ࣬ȴԻͬЭȶԸְ࣬˴ƵȴǾԲֵģ⼸ڤ֮еɣûаΥ
ϧСħȻڤǴ˿ȴҲѾаˣڤһԱȻЩ
ʱ򣬷ȫûйˣֻرԴ߷˼£һȦȦĻ̫аС
ÿʱỵֻ̈رԴа鼫˺ÿһεĽӴһ㣬аʵ
־ܰɣֻᱻնɱۿſ˾棬в
Σ࣬ҾҲóѵģ͸һĨ׹⣬ۿ޷ֻ֮аȻϢĹӲȼһֽԱ̬塣
䣡䣡䣡
˽ľ֮£ɱʽԱȻǷҲ޷ܣգ֮䣬˾ͱը˳ȥֱֻ۱ը飬ҪǣֻرԴõķҲ֮鿪
аϾͬ࣬ԱҲ̾
ոֲԱҲһ֮ѣһаȴǰԥûһͷŵ֮ȥ
ȻֻǶݵĽӴҲܹоǷĶ֣ǼȥȻӰ
Ĺ侲ҪµĶࡣ
ʱ򣬼ǷҪֹҲˣҪڶԷһߵ£ٴסԷֱΣ񷽴Ҫɱа鶼Ѿˡ
ƲƲ죬СħΪȻĺһڷʧּΪ
ֻ⻰ûü˵ڣȻоΧȻһĲգ֮䣬аȻɵ㶵վԭء
ôһգ۵Ĺ򣬶ڷ˵ҲѾ㹻ˡ
־չһ̤֮аߣһưȥֻرԴٴηԽаһ̱ӲֻشС
ûֻش
ǷΪа׼ľɱ֮ƣֻشȻԼһͷȥ
ȻаʵֻشҲס̫ãϾʵǣǿҲ̫ѣڷ˵ҪģҲֻаֻܵشӰʧ˲䣡
һư£ֻرԴסȻֻش֮УڷĿ£аûѵĻˡ
ҲֻеʱһεԲǽˣ
һ֮䣬ٴνֻش֮УȻץа飬Էֹܡ
һ˲䣬ֻر˷ǰ磬ץʲôҪɱô
֮ǰס˲䣬ֻػûüӦЩаӵֻһ̣Ҳ͸Žˣһʱ䣬ֻҲЩ㲻״ˡ
Ǵһ˿Ц⣬޷а飬Ҳһֻأ㲻ǵôҴӦҪεģһҵķˡ


ľ һٶʮ Σӽ
һŵǧ
緽һŵֺֹǧ𣬼ǸٴĴۣƴϧǴ֮̿ŵ
ӦֻأȻ߾ȫ쵽Ȼܹô˳ҵҲȷ֮ϲǴ˿̾ڤĻֻҪ֪ķպҲǻðڤġ
˵ʲôҵˣȻĻֻ̱˷ܵıΪһ죬ɵȴʵ̫ˣ˭뵽Ųʱ䣬羹Ȼҵˣô͸ʵˡ
Ҵ˿ڤ֮Уа飡˵ͷ򵥵Ľ͵֮޷ΣΪȱ꣬аֻ꣬ش֮У꣬Լǡ
ֻصķӦҲǼģһ˲˷˼˵ֻҪҾˣ
һɻȻһЦҡͷⲻֻһʼѣԻȥץаɣò˶ãԸˡ
˵֮䣬ٴγ֣ɢа֮壬ﵽֻܹشסļֵ
ֻشȻȴҲ޵еģǷţаֲʵܿȥ٣ڵֻػܳѹס
Ҳʲô⣬ֻرԴаüΪˣ״ֻ̬زϳȡ֮赣ӳȥˡ
ȻҲΪа鱾֮壬ӵʵʵֻش㼸סˣ٣ֻصǲɱġ
Щ˵ʵϣҲǶ̶Ƭʱѣ
ֱ翴ֻؽаѹʼȡ֮˳ֻش
һ̣棬ҲŲֻǹȥ˲һӵʱѡ
㶨ˣһʼû뵽ֻشЩԾ⣬СħȴǺܿеĹؼôƬ̵ʱ䣬аѾױֻشΪȫ壬ȴѾ˿ۼˡ
³һĵ˵ͷãǽҳɹˡ
ܿһж˳ȻȴЩҵĸоһεԣһʼֻҪһ˿ʧ󣬾ͱȻᵼʧܣ
ǴһΣҲұ֤Ѿܹɹ
Ĳ˵аԱ֮ʱֻһֻ꣬·ָѾشˣҪץֻشˡ
΢΢۾ϸһγֵÿһϸڣʱ֣Լֻ֮ƿϻںܶԸĽĵطЩ֮սҲͲܷ֡
ôֻ֮Щаʵ̫˷ˡüͷСħŷ翪ڵܹסаĻħ֮֮һħ֮תҲܵõһЩ
ꣿһ˲䣬ȴǱ˵һħ֮Ȼõô
Ȼδҿڶطӡ֮ʱܹбԴʲô˵ģûķ˷ۣСħΪмĿڵ·ǲֵһСһ㡣
ᵽ𣬵ȷˣǿħ֮յбԴά֣ԼҲͲܻô˵֮ʱԼҲ֮׳Ҳ㲻ôˡ
ˣϢգȻǼԡ˵ͷ绹ǷѰһĿĴ㡣
аսÿһη綼ܻһĳֻҪһʱϤб仯ʵ֮ĻᣬȴôҲŹġ
ϾץаҲһץסа飬ҲͬǳԼʵֻҪʵڤ֮л뿪ĸ֤

ʱ仺ţ뷽ĴݣаЩȴԽĲˡ
ܲδַټҲ£绹ܻǲ֪Ϊʲôƾֱаᵽһ˿ΣôҲҲͷ
ЩӣҲڤ֮߹˲ٵطֻȴȻûҵ䣬ǽЩҲδ֡
һЩӵʶаײ˲٣аʵЩаȴѹ޷κвģֻҪǡײҲóֶԸ

ԶԶһֻа飬аһֱȻ֮ץ˹Ща޷κвȴƫƫײģʵĺܡ
ࣿа顭ǸֵĶħôаץסаʱ˳
ԭ˳־аģȻ⻰аȴĲһ˿쳣΢΢һ׷ʵʲôֵĶħ˵
һתаʱӦ˹ǰŹֵļһǸ˵еСħʵ˵Ҫȴ˵ǸСħµĶˣץסȴһߵĻᶼûС
ҿԸ㣬ôӦߡĥһ£а黹Լ
Ƭ֮䣬аɵõԼҪϢЦһȴվδɱа飬ȴǴʲô˼ˡ
㣬˵ֻҪһΧ֮ڣܸܵǸħϢԿɵ棿аĿڱʵ
ǵģҾԲ˰ܵаϵɱаʱԼļֵڣʵʵĿڽ͵ֻҪϷŹңԸҵǸħ
֪ܲаǸħ֮ʲôϵа黹еζϿڵ
ãһ֣аӵǰĵϣа𵭵·ɣֻҪҵǸħҲɱ㣬ĺô
вȻЧȴҲѵԣʱаȻҲǲϧġ
̧֮䣬һӿϢаڡ
аǺεȾ⣬ôһʱа鼫ĺôӲ֮ʵһɣȺôаʱ˷˸߲ҵСħֵܳλȥ

ھֻˣŷɽа֮ɵһֻشСħĿڵ
һʼԵڣѾȥµʱ䣬ʵٴεõֻҪõõаܹѣԱ
ĳԽĹ죬ʱ򣬼Сħжһ󷢺
ڼ䣬ҲȫɹСħǵõģߵаֱ֮࣬նɱģҲ
ֻңֻؾˡЦЦڻش
Ȳᣬѵ㲻ãܻΣôŷ磬Сħһڷ˼Ƿǳ˽ģѾΣôȫûио
ֻǷȴһֱûôΨһĿܾǣһʲôң֤ʲô¡
ȻһЦ漴ʧЦ޷ӿһЩٶȾˣܲôĿĵȥǣǵҵʲôʱ򣬲ܴڤаЩһﶼҳ


ľ һʮ 
ҸӦˣλˣʮҵľ룬Ǹħǡڼ˵ļ£ԭͷɥаͻȻ˷
⼸Ҫ˵ʵҲδؾͱǿֻǸֲĻȴǷң˴յһ𣬾Ͳܹˡ
ʮԣľʱΪ֮һ񣬡λǵĻᵽ˰ҴһһҪ׽磬ʳ뿪ķ
ǿɾûаǵΪˣҲûֻرԴЩӣÿʱÿ̶ţȻǵʵ£ʱҲ̫⡣ǣҲܲסôϵŰÿʱÿ̶ܸоıƽĸоܹ˱Ʒ衣
ڤ֮У˵лܹȥģǿ϶Ƿˡ
˵籾жֻͣǣıȴվ۰ȻܰѷڤУҲȻ뿪ķģֻҪҵ磬ʳ뿪ķǾлܹ뿪ˡ
ڽ˵ɾõĽˡ
Ļᣬȴ˵ʲôҲ񾭵׷ɱˣϧȴûҩģҲֻˡ
ʮѾܶˣڤ֮УҲޱǿҵϣ
˵ʵȴǸûзϵģʲôЦһ˾׷ŷӴܣǿһʲôµģ
ڤĻ֮£㷽Ҫ߿¶ûᡣ
޷ҡҲԶǣܹ뵽аӦķѾ԰ˣˣҲҵ粻ǣ
һ·Сĵƶ֮£ҲǶ̶̰Сʱʱ䣬˾ѾаĴ£ƽ˷λõ֮ڡ
Сħڿ͸һ˿âȻˣô
׵ľ룬ڤСħҲ޷ȥȴܹƾаϢԷķλ
λˣˣǡ촽аЩηĿڵ֮ǰǳŵֻҪҵħǾͻŵа飬аȻԸðˡ
⼸˲ǣǴ˵еĶħƺҲԲӰм䣬ͬﲻκһõİ취Ȼˡ
ϧȻȴôɾͷ
ϻСĵĽӽ͵ǲڣӽ֮Ȼ֡һѹ˵
ϣҲȻǱߵֻǾӽȻŻȻ֣·磬οаߣŵ˵аǵ۾һȲ쳣λ֮ǰӶݣڤ֮УܲԷϢô׷
ǳһ䣬аһʱ䵹Ҳҷ̵ֵļǰŲͬʱ˵Сħɱа飬ϢѾˣò˶ãͻаΧɱ㣡
ôҵǺܺ棬ôеӴչŷСħɭȻʵ
˵֮䣬аСħľ룬Ѿ̵˲ףϣϸѾܹһЩ쳣ˡ
ֻǣǣȴûַܷĺۼһ㻳ɵĵطûУȻһĨڣܹСħĻֻ¶Ϊаƭˡ
λþòλˡڽŬĿСħλõͬʱȴȻһϷʵ
һ˲䣬Ȼһ⣬ߣȴѾȫˡ

һɲǼ䣬ȻеһɿֲȻ£뷽ˣͱ˳ȥֱɣûλá
ֻرԴ
ֻرԴͷŶɴĳ֣ɺһˡ
Щһֱа齻֣ȻڷȴҲѾܹʱķӦôһ֣㽫ֻرԴչ˳
ۣ
һѪȴǺȻֻ˸ɴһȻѾ˲ˣ⻹Ǹ׷ӵķô
ǵʵֻ½ס
Է磬ֻرԴĹԽоֻرԴĿֲ·һеĹֻرԴǰֻǰѣһ֮ĻᶼûС
ȻȴҲԶԶǽ
һ֣˿ԥһת۽Ȼ֣һն䣬Ȼű˶ȥ
һӦǼΪѵģǷҲçײ£õķʽٶ߽һ˵սơ
Ȼ⻰˵ףȻʵϣҪȴʵ̫ѣҪ֪ЩɶǴ֮ľǿߣգһӦˣҪ˵ڶʱ߽һ˵սˡ
ò˵̤ڤ֮󣬷ʵʵڵõ̫˻ɣعڴ̿͵սʽֻرԴյ΢ĵزƾһ㣬ѾּĴڿˡ
οģҲԶԶֹЩ
Ĵ˼ɣոһ͵ϮѾĨɱһˣ
ڴ̿˵͵Ϯ˭ҪɵǺս񾭲ڤֻ֮£ˡ

ʶĳ۽ײһ𣬾Щѣȴվǵס˵۽ĽʱһȻʵǿЩ֣ȴҲ㻹ڿԿƵķΧ֮ڡ
ֻҪ֧Ƭ̣Χˣѷˡ
ֻͷδ£Ȼоһִ̹ǵΣСһ̣ޱȵķ֣۽ڿеģȻɴһƺݺ䵽Ĳϡ

񣬵ʹѾӲ̫ǿˣǣĳЩʱ򣬶һ̿˵һǿĹЧʱܼ򵥵ĳ֣ȴܴ˾ϲջ
û˳׷ӦȻеԼʶһģգ֮㱻һƬأ
ֻش
۷ʱڣ˵ʱ򣬸ͲֻشӰ죬ǣ˵״̬Ǿһˡ
οЩӣôаֻ֮صʵҲԽҪٷѾֻҪаУֻؾԽ֮ѹˡ
֮䣬һ˱ɴ౻ֻش֮Уʧȥս
ΪһҲͬ˲Ĵۣ͵Ϯ֮ʱԼıҲͬ˽һơ
һ˲䣬ҲͬһѪ˳ֻǣȴȫû˿η壬һ˿֮ɫּˣ
ոһƣǽȫ֣ȻǷ磬ֻ³Ҳˣǣ˼´˷磬޷뿪ڤ֮ʱȴջ˼ɾһĲ࣬ڷ˵Ѿ㹻ˣ
һѪһƴƱ㱻Ӳ
磡ټ磬ȴѾҧгˣ²ʵȻѾһƶݶԴˣһʱһͬ鳹ʧȥսĽǽҲеĪĵˡ
ֻǣ£ȴѾûκ·ˣֻȱʳ뿪ķʽ˵


ľ һʮһ 
Ž𣬷Ц
֮ʱһ˾ͽԼ׷صģܲ˵Ҫ뿪ڤҪû£ԷܷŹ
磬뿪ڤķҿԿǣһ͵Ϯ֮£һˣҲͬʮ㣬񷽴ʵȻǵĵزǣȴվˣֻҪŲ͵ϮȻȲʤȯ
һ˿мڽ۲˼֡
ʱ򣬾ȻΪܹԶԼѵȫǽôôҲľǿߣҲ׷ԼͷȥȴֱСһ㡣
Ȼô˵ҲЩƫʵϣýԵԭҲǡþΪݡ
죬һֱ״̬˼ϼһǲ⣬ûκ˸Υ־ָ߸ϵԽѾڹˣͲһʱԸıġңĳɳҲʵ̫һЩ˶̵ʱ䣬Ҳ޷ܣʵѾʵ
˵ЩҲѾûκˡ
һ̤۽֣ԥٴչϮɱֲԺأֻرԴ۽չƸʢһ˲䣬ͬʱڣɴĺ

ۼ羹Ȼ˿𵱼ˣһʱ⣬͵ϮҲͰˣȻķʽͬʱˣֱǳĴ
֮
ɲ֮䣬ȻԼ֮չȫ۽֮ڿ۳һѽɫĳѸ֮ŷϮȥ
ԭƾһ֮ԴǸвķģǣһ֮ǾһˣȻδγ򣬵֮֮ڽɿƵķΧڣ֮򣬾ؼǿķ
֮۵ģǵĽ֮Դ־
ƣ
ͬʱһҲͬͷų֮ϢһƷ죬ݺŷ¡
˽ȫ֣ĹֻҪһֻܹ֣ҲԽǻɱˣôһûӴεСӣǽ˶ͬûа㻳ɣİѷˡ
ٳ֮ҲͼܹôһɲǼ䣬˫ĿȻɫ䣬ڰ׶ɫ˲Ϣ֮䣬·һһ㣬һ֮ϢȻӷ͸ȻԽʵҲһ˿ļ¡
֮ʮʮоţȥһ
һ̿˵ĳԶ³ˣֻҵԷȻһԷĹƣǴ֮̿
ԭԷʵǺѿ֮ģȻֻش֮У粻ָɽԺȴеı仯ͬʱ򣬻ص֮̿ϡƾ棬˲Ϣأľɱ䡣仹̤֮ľ磬ǣȴ֮ǰͬնˡ
ֻرԴ֮⾳Ȼ̶ȵĸܶԷˡ
ȻҪǣ֮ƿʵ̫ǳˣԸЩ֮Ȼǣڷ֣а֮ԿȻƾֵ˵ȴʵڲˡ
һɲǼ䣬͸ɴҵ˽֮еڣ۽Ӷ׼ĵ˽֮һ֮ϣ
䣡
ǿԷһһ˿ضûУ֮˲ϢƵĽ֮Դͬڰŵ̻һѤֻѤ֮£̺ɱȴκ˵ˡ
һ£˽֮ûаԥһ۽ʱֶݺŽ¡
ڴͬʱһȻӭһ˵Ļơ
ĳбԴֻܻرԴҵҪʲôң͸һĨɱһ֮Ӳǻƶ˿С
ػ֮
֮Դɣͬʱҩ㣬ػ֮ҲڻƿأȻ֮£ڷǰȻѾ֮ǿߣҲȻ
һ˵֮Ҳ̫ͬ򵥣ԷϮѷӳѹԵȻֻҪƬ̵ʱ䣬Ȼ㹻͸Ϣˡ
ҷ֣
бһĨâɲ֮䣬ԭڿеĻͻȻһ飬ת֮䣬ܻһ
ȻҲֻһʼѣϢ֮䣬ƱӶı飬һܻ֮Уÿһĳ֣ζŷĿƶһ֡
ת֮䣬ͬʱ֣ڿŲ֮䣬ȴǳ׽߽ˡ
˫Ŀػ֮һɲǣǿҲĿɿڴвԾһ˿η֮ɫķʵ̫ˣֱԻеĽˡ
һ̣ʼ˵Ƿ籾ѾǴˣڤ֮УȴȻĵҪҷ籨뿪ķǽԼ·ˡ
磬޹أҷΪС
ת֮䣬ǿ߱Ȼ˳֮ƣó֮Դڷǰûʲôءһ̣Ѿ˰½ͷϱûԶĵˣܹ뷽罻ãܹлأ
뷨ԭûڱĵطŷӣǺпȺŪסȻƶ˳֡
ڤ֮УȴǸͲʲô˵ģһˮ̻кܴ鷳οСħѾ˵뿪ķЩ˸ֻǷΪԼ׼̤ʯѡ
һΣһ֮䣬־ȻչȻǿߵߣȻһȭҳ
ǳŷû֮ǰܻ߷ԷʵҪʤҲ÷һֽţȻϧȴѾƵˣ÷Źɷ۽
־ϣҪܷҲˡ
羢
һɲǼ䣬ֲȻһֱ֮ӽԷ⻹ǷֵĽľ֮£ǻɱҲֻһ顣
ת֮䣬ֻشٴο˲佫֮Ҳͬз
һУȻعͷĿ
˦۽ҲֻΪǣƣҪ˵ܹ˵Ҳ޻̸֮ʵʵȽ˻Ҫһߵģܹ־磬ȫ̿͵սܣԼֻرԴǿЧ
㡱ֱһ̣ˣԼʵµͬ鱻˸ɴĻǿߵоѣʶ˷Ŀֲ
Ȼϣǣô̶̵һʱڣ羹ȻѾɳһĵزֶȫҲҲ޷֮ǷܸУͬchoˮӿͷҲ׷˽һ˿֮ġ
۽ۣ㵱۹Ⱑ
Цһɢȥ۵̾Ϣ


ľ һʮ ֻػΣ
۽ڿУһʱ䷽絹Ҳڳˡ
ֻʣ½һˣͲܷʲô˵ǶԳ֣˵ǵϷʡ
ΪǷô˼ҡʼ磬ſڵȻˣҲõʲôŴ
ںķӦ΢΢һȻһа鹥ȥոһֱСħǣֱ˿̷˽ˣڳʰ
Щӵ֣ץа飬Ѿ·ˣûʲôɵ֡
ֻ֮ش˲䣬Ȼеһҵ겨ֻش֮ݳһ˲䣬Ȼ͸һĨâϲ֮
κνͣı仯ֻһͣǾֻѾ㹻Իˡ
ʵϣֱͬܵ仯ģҲн𣬿һ˲䣬ڽ𺳣֮ǰȻͬ飬ȴҲֻΪ粻֪ʲô󷨶ѡȴ󷨵иܵ겨β
䣡
һɲǵıǿҵ֮÷綼Լܵһ˿ѹǲԾһ˳߲տտվȣɲĿ֮Դͷ
磡
һż۵͸һĨ֮һ̣һʮģСһ㻺˷ǰ
Ƭ֮䣬γʵ塣
껯Σ
Ȼһͷ𲻽һļʶȻܹףĻζʲôǶƿشﵽһ֮󣬲ܰ쵽֮١
Ȼֻ֪ر飬Ļֻ¸Ҫˡ
ϲˣֻأЩӵŬûа׷ѡ͸һĨЦ⣬ֻصļЦ˵
ллĿŷһлֻص¶˲õЦݡ
û˭ܹһİˣγɹףߵһжѣǷæֻԶҲߵһ
ҿʲôЦҡҡͷڵӦһ°ɣǻкܶطҪæġ
⻰ɾӦȻ˳ץ˽ˣǷȴҲԼԵѣĲ˵аһˣѾͷʹˡ
аʵԶǽܹˣֻһҲûмְܹʤ˵ǻ׽ˡ
ֻػγɹʱһ
û˵ʲôϻֻֻǾĵ˵ͷ漴Ŀ䵽˽ϣһҲһ㴦ô
ȻҲµľǿߣλ߳磬ȻֻصУȴֱ·˼ףȤĶ࿴һۡ
⻰𲻽Ȼɫ䣬Сĵ˿˼Ŀֻ뷽硣
㲻֪ô뿪ڤôĿŽ𣬷Ȼڵܼ򵥣ܼܿˣڣ㻹ͬ˯һɡ
µ˲䣬ֻر֮ոջγɹֻҲָһĨɭȻѹȻ͸ֻСС·һһ㻺ŽƮȥ
ٶȣԭ㶼ܶ㿪Ȼѹ֮£ȴȻеԼ걻ѹסûʲôӦֻֻؽӽȻ赭дһָ㵽ü֮ϡ
ۣ
һָ֮䣬˱㳹ʧȥʶֻͬش֮С
мһ죬ƺԽôǲֻط˷ۣڽţŲ鲻Ըת˷硣
һĻԷĶҲֻǵĿЦˡ
ǿ̫ǿˣƾһ֮ӲǿѹƵֵزһ˿ĻᶼûУʵȻǷҲеһ˿ļ¡
ֻԼɲǵˡ
ԶСħڿţȻڵˣ鷳в٣Ҫ˷ʱˣаûôöԸ
ҪʲôĴһСħͬ״ֵ̬ļһֻػмɻģȴҲ⣬ŷʵ
ܼ򵥣ץˡʼ磬һ˿Ц⿪ڵ
֮ǰһЩа飬Ϊ˽ϢȥȻЩԼϹڤֻҪһ˶ҳɾʵ̫ˡ


ľ һʮ ΪУΣ
ббţ΢Գ¾ɣͣʵûʲôֻǲ˭ֻҪһƳ֮Ŀݵˣ·Ψһġ
ץžƺ«ʱʱĹһڣݲȴƫƫܸһƮݵĴ
аڵձ֣Ƭط·𶼱Ѱ˱˵ǽȥˣûΧķΧ
Ū飡
ƳһۣµĸĸֵۣҲôһץžƺ«һֻ䳤һ£ɲ֮䣬ֻһĳշɳƮƮһ㵽Ƭ֮С
꣡
֮䣬ƬռȻһ֮·һ鲣˴һ㣬޵Ŀռ䣬ۿɼٶȣ˲֧飬һصɴ˲顣
𺳣
ϵĵһγ֣˲㽫һ·ڶǿסˣһ˲䣬˶ò쬵ģ·ʲô˳ڹһ㡣
֮ǰ꼫Ϊмˣһ̣ҲЩˣһսͺô
һսܹаĻһεȿֲķ籩
ʲôˣҾűޣ
һ޵ͬʱаҲ˲ԾһҪȥĳ嶯·ΥΥ־
þƣ
·ûаĻҡڵֹһھƣԹԵ̾
һ̣˶ĸܵǹɿ֮⣬аҲûа⣬赭дԹԵĺȾƣ˼ֱûˡ
ֻǣȴֲòϣĿȷܸһѪڵĸо̲סĿ䵽ԷϣҪڴһ˵ĵ
һ֮ͽȻˣ°ɡ
㻹аΣƺҲܸܵĵ˿аķŭԳɵ޵ļ⣬Ҳû˭аǰ˷
Ȼʵаȴֱǲֵһᡣ
аµ˲䣬֮Ȼһֻɫƣ͸һʥϢ갴һƷ죬֮һĨڰ֣·֮ð
֮
һĳͲΪѹʲôһִĻɱһ谭
ˣ
üͷûһ£Ȼȵվԭأеľƺ«Ҳû˿Ĳƺһ۵ȤûС
Ȼһ̣ڿеһѳȴ֮һɲǼ䣬ֱӴ͸˿ռֱӳǺɫ֮£һɴĽǺɫƴֲĽĴɱƬ̵ĹǲһƱȻķѣͬѵһ㡣
ȫʢ״£СϷҲ˵ҷֺοֻһܹӵʵһ룬ϵģӦŶԡĿڣٴǰ̤һ΢΢Ķ˵Ʈѡ
ԣаɫ䣬Ҳ֮
㣬ˣ
˵һʼа𻹲ںĻô˿̣һȴɲˣ˵ͬʱһģӰҲڴ֮и˳
ƶңӡĴһף͸һĨâа𻺻ڡ
ңӣ
˵ⶼһİ֣ȻЩ˵ȴԲİ⣬绹һʦңӡ
ȻЩУң֣Ҳͽ˶ˣ˼һ˶ѣȻͻף̤Ҳʲô
Ȼ˿̣ңߵеʱȻаǣҲݺһѡ
ոһƿ赭д˶û¶棬аȴκ˶Ҫһ̺֮֮ģȻʥ۷ǿߣһ֮Ҳֻ·һҪ˵赭дնһˡ
һ˲Ľ棬аȻĸܵңӵʵȻƺδγ򣬵ȴҲѾʵĴ֮γĳΡ
µǣԷƿصıԴ֮ѰıԴǼΪǿĿռ䷨
һľ磬޷ռ䷨Ŀֲʥ֮ʱҪռ䱾ԴɱͼΪѣҪһ͸ˡ


ľ һʮ «죬Ǭ
񣬿ûˣ
Ѿˣû룬ңȴֱȵķҪĶ࣬һʱ䣬ȴǶʱ˶סˡ
ΪΣ
ôĿΪ˭ô͸һĨɱаȴҲң̬ˣϣ⣬ֻҲû˸ҷųŵĴа۷״£Ҳ򲻸˵ġ
Ҳ˭Ǹϵѡû˿յ˼ңӵڵϻѾ̫ˣȻˣǱԿϵûʸͽһɡ
ңӵӱͲϲ£ֻǣЩ˵𲻵﷽ſصã˵ô࣬ңӵӣͶˣˆ¡
ڷӣңǷĵİ˼ʱ͸ҷΪУȻڱǱԼˣζţңӵͻԹۡ
ò˵ңӾţ
˼ʲôط˼类۷ӡݲ֮ϵ˳֣ǣңȴӲֻ֮£ռ䱾Դһ֤̤ʥףƿӡ
̤쿪ʼңӵʵԶѰʥܹû۷ӡѹƣңӿֲ츳˳̶ʱ䣬Ӳ֮γĳΡ
ֵǵʱңӾֻ֣ǡõʱĽҪͷϾңңӶͽܵҲǷǳϤģȻҷмְյģûǿг֡
ңӵУֻвϾĥ£ܳΪǿߣֻȴû뵽ͷ֣Ǽ֮
֮۳֣뷽һڤ֮УңлҲûطȥ
Ψаһ֮УңԳһٳƿɱ
Ҫ֪̤֮֮һֱ׷ɱؼ⣬ΪȱһǿĿɽʣңΪѾʸ﷽ſˡ
аһսһΪ淽籨꣬򣬱ǴжԷ˼˶Լվӵı
˼绹죬Եʵһеĸ֤
һˣңĻȤаīѾݳȥˣ񣬾һеľһսʤܣ
𣡡
͸һĨâңȻһеľƺ«ɲ֮䣬ֻƺ«޷Ŵ󣬶̶̲һӵʱ䣬Ǹϵľƺ«ʮĳ«
һ˲䣬аڣ˶һ
磬ȻףҪһǺεȵļѣҪ˵ƺ«һȵ۽ҲͰˣţһͨľƺ«ѡ
ɾôһͨĲͨľƺ«ңӵУȴƫƫųѤĹ⻪ȫңӿֲʵˡ
Щδ֮ˣʥ۷Ҳ޷ףһֵ塣
ռ䷨򣬶ȫĿƵģԿռ䷨򣬺ŵ˵«ܹſȫȡңӶڿռ䱾Դ⣬֮ƿء

Ƥ΢΢һʱаȴҲ治адˣһ֮䣬޾ĺʱĴ֮ӿת۱һƬڱ
ɲ֮䣬֣͸ʥ֮⣬١
аҲȻŴγһ֮ϵķӣء
⣡
аĶңӵһľƺƺ«ٴα˼֣͸һɿֲ֮·Ҫаֱƺ«һ㡣ΧƬأɲǼ㱻«˽ȥͬһһ㡣
Ŀռ򰡣
ڳʶģ˳͸һ֮ȥ˷֮ɫ˳ҲС֣ʵϣľǿߣҲûͷų򣬲ƾһЩ֮ѹ˶ѡ򣬱ԶԶǵľˣοңչֳĻǵ򣬶ǼΪĿռ
«죬һ֣ǽ«ڵƬأУһƬԵĶռ䣬Ҳңӵľ
˵ѰʥˣǴ֮ľǿߣһ̤УҲ⵽شڶԷƿ֮УӵĻᶼС
ҲΨܹԿ
ԭ֮ǰаңӾѾǳ߹ˣȴվû뵽ת֮䣬ңӾͷųûֻǽѡ
аȻҲó⿴ķ«վѰģĿռ
ȫʡ״̬£аȻа취ܹǿд֣ǽԷѹƹϧһӡڤ֮УǱμ׾ˣƿ«
ңӣмֶΣƾҪ뱾ΪУҲȻδʸ񡣡һᣬаҲ֣һָ˴ںϣڿ·裬ײǷ«һָ֮ƾº«ڵλá
ǵĿռЩСֶθʲôЧȻȻǾͺκεˣȻҪƿ«̫ѣǽֻԱĻаҲȻ塣
ôɨаһۣң΢΢һֻеķ«Ȼкԭĺ«ȴȻкһȪˮֱͬ£ĳ˲㽫аһָ
һ̣һŨľζɢŨң
ƣ
һ̣˲ڷӦ˹кģȻǾƣ
Ǭ³
һ̤ң˲ǾȪ֮£һɾˮӿңӿУɲ֮䣬ңб͸һĨ⣬Ȼ˿ȴû˻ΪңˣĵðһŨŨĺ⡣
Ѿǿռˣл̺ңӶأڷ⣬ռ˲ͻԭһ˿·Ҳ֮⣬ʱγһ
һʱ˲Ϣ֮䣬аɫҲܵһ˿ΣС
ȻˣҲ
ôһת۵Ŀռ䣬ԭڿеĳҲ֮ңŨĽɢɱ
⣡
ֱ˿̣˷Ӧ˹˿ռ䱾Դ⣬ңӶڽƿأҲͬ
ۼʱңӵʵһΪֲĸ߶ȣɲ֮䣬Ӳаĺɢ˿
ȻҲаܷӳʵһĽаʵȻǴ˿̵ңֻҲϾаƿǿߣǿ֮Уǰ
ϧϸûңҲûи˿ϻĻᡣ
ɱķ


ľ һʮ ۽а
ˣ
ڤаȻӿһƬΧڽǧ֮ڣܹܵǿֲѹһѪа˼Ҫըˡ
裬ڣڤ֮УаҲܸܵУľǿߣգ۶ҳ͵ϮĴڣȻ񣬾Ȼնɱһ壬ֱĸоֱҪаƷˡ
磡
ԿƵģаȻ쳹أң֣֮аȴǻĳ޶ע˷ϣСӣԼᱻڤ֮УһˣһңȻԼ֡
նɱһ壬ʵֱڤ֮У֪ʲôʱܳȥֱһ㡣
ңӣұڤҪӳôնСӣ΢Σŭ֮µаֱȼ꣬һ·ǰȥ
Ȼʧһ壬ɴ˶ϣȴҲаʵָ˼ֻ֣Ҫ㹻ʵԻָʵȻʱҲͲǼˡ
ʱаҲǹ˲ˣһҪץնɱ
ЩڤааҲѾ˷ڵҪģｫ緭ѡ
ȻʵϣаѰҷͬʱҲһаټ
ӣֻص֮£ʣµҲһһסҲͽֻһаˡ

ƺ«Ȼ䣬ңŲ̤֮Уһ벻ӣȻ˵ңȴԱΪǵĴˡ
ɱаսԺ䶯ˣе벻мһ̶˾η
ʵǷͽ֮£˼
սĻڻվ˳֪ңӵĿֲȴҲ̲סڵʵǣۣʵ̫ˣͲκܳеġ
Ŷüͷ΢ңӻ벻ĿڷʵΪϵΣ
޾գ໹һʱ䣬䡣ԥһ£˻ǻڵ䣬ͽҪΣҵȻҲ֡
û˵е˼ȴѾǳˡ
Ϊ۽ˣĴעܱ̣ǣֻҪˣǾνˣʱƾңӵʵȻܹɻס硣
ңһʲôˡ
οͽ񱻷ڤ֮УҲʲôˡ룬վǲԸңӵ̫ݣڤ֮УҲûŷܻų
ֻǣһһ統ڤδ䣬ô˵ãңΪУҲҪնɱġ
һңȴվδ𣬵һ䳤Ϊһת˲ʧӰ١

ս羲ԭأк͸һĨ֮ɫһֱŵħ֮Ҳͬʱչ˿
֮ǰȻ֮佻֣Ҳʼղδùħ֮Ȼ˿ȴò񾭣ϣֱǿ״
磡
ŷ磬аɭȻڵԸһᣬ˵뿪ڤķһ
ɱڣаȴվ˳˵ĻԲţǵ˵ܹ뿪ڤˣȴ۰ԭҲ⣬Ǳڤһ⣬񣬿ɾڴˣûзָܹʵҲƲӡ
뿪ķʽôһ˿Цݿڵģ֪ģ£㲢֪𰸡
ôõڻаˣкһû˿ԥȻһ㣬Ӷŵ۽аնȥ
һս޿ɱ⣬а붯֣Ҳܷ˵аˡ

һָаȴȻеһֱ͸ȻӿһɲǼ䣬һȻƮһ˿м֮⣬ֻش󣿺ߣĪˣĴʼô
ֵͬʱֻҲͬʱ֣ͼаֻشУֻǣһֱʱаˣһ䣬Ӳֻֻشϵ
ˣ
˲Ϣ֮䣬еĵ۽ȻնֻرԴ¶һ⧲֮£ȻаǿᣬҲն̨
ֻرԴһа𵱼㷴Ӧ˹Ųһʱ䣬羹ȻƿֻرԴ֮ǰ֮
˵֮ǰķĻôʱѾһЩ֮ˣʵ¡
𣡡
һĨɱֻһָ̤һƬ籩ȻҳֱϮꡣ
ǻ֮ǰаֻظûа취ǣγɹĳ̶ֳ˵ֻرѾֻشγһȫӰˡ
ֱӷϮɱⱾǿĹʽ
Ȼֻֻһˣа˵ֻҲʲôӰ죬ȻзЭǾһˡ
飡飡
Ӳֻһ깥а𵱼ըˣһʱǲ֮ɫһִֻش龹Ȼγɹֱ˼
ûжĽͣе۽΢ֻرԴ͸۽ŶֱָаҪ
оĲƣа𵱼ˣȻȻңӣԼҰң֮ҲͰˣѵСӻΪҲԼô
ŭ֮£а˲֮䣬ٴν֮ȼ
񣬵̶ֳȣƴٴܴҲҪնɱйͷ֮ˣ֮£ʷ뿪ڤķ˲ˡ
ڤ
һȼգɭȻӿϲ¶ĺ·ҪһƬռ䶼׾һ㣬֮Ϣȵɭںϵһ֮γһ޴ķӰ
һƷ죡
ӣһƷ죡
һ֮Զңһս֮ʱֲĶ࣬Ƭռ䶼а֮Уƿ֮£һз뱾Դ
ò˵аȫ֮£ܹӳʵʵ죡κһڴˣҪаѹסȻƫƫһ⡣
ƿ֮£һзΨ֮֮ͬ⣡καԴ޷ӳ
ϧֻرԴȴһ⣡
˫ĿȻɫڰ׶ɫת⾳۽ֻرԴΪһͼУӲĺӰ֮˺һѷ졣
۽а
ȫͷֻ֮۽Ʋŵչ˳һ죡
аȫʢ״̬֮£ȻֻرԴʵֻҲ֮⣬аܹӳҲһҵʵһԭһ˿ڡ
ڷ˵ҵڣǱܣ


ľ һʮ 羢
Ե棬ɣ
ƣķҲ޷а𿹺⣬ǣڴ̿˵ɵԿǵ顣
һʼ͸ûҪ֮һͶõ۽ħ֮ڳһս̬ʵ˵ˣףֲϧս̬ԻаҲͬʱĻᣬѰƾֵĻᡣ
Ե۽Ϊý飬ֻ֮ųȷѾԶ֮ǰķǿ̫ˣҲа𺳶ˣȻаȴվ֪ķ磬ǿĲǶֻرԴƿغǣ򣬻ع˴̿սʽġ
ͬͨУֻɱȻڴ̿͵УȴͿ˲
ǿʧҲǷ֮ǰһֱڵ⣬£δ֡
ȻֻشУصʱ⣬ȴϴȥǦع鱾Դˣ˵ֻش֮ķ磬عǸһԿɶ֮ڣ޵еǿ̿͡
аͷųӣ죬Ȼʵϣ䵽УȴֱǴ
ȻֽԭΪаʵ𣬸޷ͷų
ڷ˵ⱾѾ㹻ˣ
̿ʹͲƽľֻҪܹȡʤڴ̿˵κֶζȫʹõġ
Ե棡
۽նһѷͬʱһ̤˲ֱӳа
ߣسɴ硣
һ̤ĺףһ˿ռ䲨ûȫʩΪ£ķѾܹһϢˣ۽նѷĻᣬ˲аı
ҪκεĻΣɾһȭҳѾ㹻ˡ
羢ֻرԴۺ֮ǿһ̺ŷǿ־Լ޵е
аǰ˶ܣ۰˶ɱֵ˲䣬綼ӵģսʼڣһжڷļ֮Уò׵õôһγֵĻᣬǴûаջӦа֮ķˡ
һ̿˵ɱĻᣬһš
֮ڣ޵У
аڵ۽ĹϵĻᣬȻ͵Ϯ֮ϣǷǿڹ͡
䣡䣡䣡
磬绹ҪĶ࣬һ֣ûдаκηӦĻᣬȵ쳣ʱһȻصĺаĺ֮ϡ
һɲ֮䣬аһȭ֮£ȻȻһ֮£аΧĺ飬ҲζţаϢ֮䣬Ӳֱķʽˡ
ۣ
һѪа͸һĨ޿ŵķȴԼ屻飬ȫû˿ֵء
һɲǣֻҲץס˻ᣬһ˦һƬ籩аУݺݵĺǱѾشꡣ
ңӲͬңƿ֮γһģңӵĿ֮£аûѵĻᣬת֮䣬ܱնɱĸɸɾ
ǣȴû֮ģԸааĴڣһԷ飬Ҳͬɱֻڣаѳ֮ݳȥҲʲô¡
ϧֻصķӦȴҲʵ̫ˣ֮ǰ粢ûиֻҲû뵽ܹ˸ɴĸаһȻһֻ֮ȴɻǾ׼ޱȵЧķӦ
ֻаǸܶа˿вģȻΪֻȴζȻ󷨻ԭֻشȴҲѾ֮
аش£˲Խ֮ˡ
ֻأа֮£Ҳûӳ󷨵ˡ
ֱа걻Ӳ˺ֻشֻһ߸ոԵڵϣһ
һս˳Ȼʵϣȴķ̫ǣ˵ǲѣѾвĳɷˣһģһһΣҲûܹͬһˡ
ֻأлˡЩϢĵڵϣһ翴ֻ
ʲôѡʼ磬ֻص˿Ϊ⣬ԷһȤ磬ʵ˰ֻش֮У»򲻳ôǿĹ
ᵽŲȻĻһȭʱĸо
սʱȫûϾȥЩһȭ֮Уƺ˴羢ıֻرԴ⣬һЩʲôЩƺܹ˸ɴشаĸԭ
΢΢۾֮ǰһУͬӰһ㣬ͷطţٴ£ڷӦ˹
һȭ֮У̺ƺһ־ߣһ˵
û
һˣʱסȭͷû֮ǰûӦŶȻѣԭڲ֪䣬ԼȻѾܹ˶ˡ
һɲǼ䣬·ڷ羳ؾֶ˼̨磬ļ磡
㱼䣬ͷԼ䣬ƺҲ˼ȫͬ
ߡ羳ĵأ򣿻˵һֱѰߵľ磿
ȻЩҲֻһŵͷ٣ķ磬޷еֻҽ֮ˡ
ץˣ˳磬ʲôʱ뿪ڤôĶѪɫĳСħ˸Ƿʵ
ӽǿʼģаܣһжһ֮ǰԤƵģ˶ץסˣҲ뿪ڤʸСħٴᵽȴǶʱ÷һڡ
ӱڤڣҲѾһʱˣЩӣԼʵֱǷ˼ģʵع飬˵޵죬ȴҲηʲôˣãҪֻûκסԼˡ
ʱҲӦûȥˡ
΢˼һ£绺ͷ΢Ϣһ£ȵָ״̬ȥȪɡ
뿪ʱ򣬷ҲǹƼˣܲڤĹ¶һ̿˵Ⲣʲô⡣ֻǣ뵽ʱܱ˼磬뵽ЩһϤӰ޷Լ˷ʱˡ
ϵûȪ·ôͻȻʲôЩĵʵ
Ҫ֪ڤ֮У޷ϷҲȪڣ֪Ҫתƶ೤ʱ䣬ҵȪ
İɡĺһСħƲƲ죬䵣Щ㵹ú룬ôӦԻȪɣҿû˵ЩʯһܹɹȪˣҲҪԹҡ
ͳڤڤСħһַǳĸ֪ҪҵȪͲʲô⡣
뵽ȪĿֲСħЩģܲԸ뿪ǣһ˵Ȫֵط׼ǳ֣Ҳû˭ҶԼһаٷְٵİܹɹ
ǣܹħ֮ؽ⣬ϧֱȷӻȪιȥס


ľ һʮ ɻȪ
ӣ˳¡
֮ǰйٲͬ룬ڻȪǰʱ򣬻ǲΪ֮һͣ漴Ц
룬ʱ򣬵͵Ϲ롣
δ֮ʱڷ˳ĻȪȻǼΪͬģûߵǰܸо󣬻Ȫ֮ˮǺɫģһƬȪһƬ
ǣʵϣվڻȪǰźȻ֣νĻȪʵһӶѣˮ峺ܿµʯ
ûκβʵĸоΧڤһƬڰ״ǣƺҲ⣬ǣԸܲһΣգԷĸ֪Ҳһ
˵ЩͬĻǾ̫ˡ
·Ƭﶼʧˣһ󻶳ˮ֮ң
СģǧҪȪ֮ˮյĽЩСħѵԶȳǿմȾϻȪ֮ˮֻҲдͷԣңδؾͲһͷȪ֮ȥʱ̿û˾ȵ㡣
ӣжѾطһЩȥҲ̫ͬԶȥһ£ǿʵ
ʲôӣǻȪûķ˷ۣСħľȪҲͲԽġ
΢΢һʱֱСħŪͿˣɣҪôȥ
Ȫ֮ˮͨڤҪ뿪ҲΨһ취Ǿ˳¡Ƭ̣Сħ˵Ȫһ
⣬׹ˣ
ڻȪ֮ϣ˳°ڱ𴦲ʲôڻȪУǱǵˣֲСħ˵ûܹԽȪ
жĻȪ֮ϣҪֱ㹻ϼǧˡ
ûٴ磬СħĿڵе׼㶼ѾˣҪνץЩȪ֮У̤ʯ˵ɴȻչħ֮ٶȷӶмȻְֲܳأȻɥȪ֮С
֪СħҲ̲סһΣ磬ڻļѡԣڤ֮оޣ֮ƿδؾûл˺ӡڤɻȪΣյķ
⻰ҲˣϾ񷽴ʵڤ˵Ѿû̫вˣֻҪǱУպ󴳳ȥʲôܵ顣ǿдȪǾ̫δ֪ˣѾ˳ֵ׼ɹɹİգֻҲһ롣
Ϊûȷ̤Ȫ֮󣬻᲻ᷢʲôʡ
΢΢΢΢ҡͷ֪ģҿûôģ˷
ģͲȱģܾΨһԭ򣬾ʱ䣬κ˶Ѿûʱĥȥˡ
׾ӵĽڣСħȴҲûаҴ˼ֻĬĬ˵ͷ
ˣֻҪô죿ᵽʼ磬ͻȻʵ
İɣֻر廹飬ʱħ֮ϣֻҪ㲻ͲʲôΣաЩСħĲɵſڴ
õ̫࣬㡣ŷ磬ֻ濪ڣûа㿪Ц˼
˼ξֻرͲ̫ƣУ籾һ漣ˣҲֵΣȻڵһνֻشʱ򣬷ֻ¾ˡ
ȻһЦȴҲٲ˿Ů̬΢ħ֮ڱſϢƺа˲١
һ̣˫Ҳͬʱ˺ڰ׶ɫһ̤֮Уһ˦ּ䣬һù˻Ȫ֮Уͬʱһ̤ϣħ֮ļ٣Էһ鷫̤ڽ¼
̤Ȫ֮Уܵǿֲѹ
֮ǰڰ߲ãһ̤룬Ȫֲ֮˳ȻûմȪ֮ˮҲܹܵɢֻرԴĿ£ٶȲ죬ȴҲˡ
ڱ̤ʯĵùȪ֮УûܳŹϢʱ䣬ʧȥһֱ׹˻Ȫ֮С
õ׼粢δ˿ңȻһ㣬ȻԾʮңͬʱ׳˵ڶù
һзȻħ֮Ҳ޷УֻǽԾȻʵʵ볣˰£޷ãˣ£޷ȷıˣȻȴǲͬģֲĴ̿ͣЩУԶܱġ
ÿһν׳Щù½㣬ھ׼ļ㵱Уû˿ʱ䱻˷ѣˣҲͲóóȻĴȪ֮С
ļܣܹɹȪĻᣬңǷĵڡ
վڷϣСħľҲ֮Ȼòϣֽ֮£ÿһεı֣Ϊ֮𺳣ˣҲô׾ˡ
뷽磬СħĸһЩ
˵ЩҲ֮磬ΣգԶûг֡
ʮˣܹΪ绻ʱ䣬ҲֻаʮϢһЩܷѾ߾ȫҲ߳˲ʮľ롣
ڷ˵ɾԳƲʲôϢõˣҲֻʣһаˡ
вû˿ʧ䣬鶼ûһ˿ı仯˦֮䣬㽫аͬ˻Ȫ֮С
ˣ
˲ֻͬضаĿƣվһЩһȪаʶͻָ˹һ̣ȻоٵţһͬСɣаʶľȻԾȪֻǣֽ֮һз״̬ĳ׳˹ȵס
ʧȥ֮Ļ֣Ҳʥ۷ѣԻȪɣͬû˿취ת֮䣬˷ͼһ˲䣬ʱҡ
ȪȻҲû羹Ȼѡһַʽڤܣ񻹲δɹǣѾ˾̾ˡ
磬㴳ȥģȻˣáһаɭȻڵ
ֺα˷񣿡а𣬷絭ڵ㲻ֻһ屻ڤǻЩҲңڤ֮ҿԱ֤ĶԹһʹ
֪ңѾնɱаһ壬ݿڵʵǳֻҪڤ㲻Ҷ֣ҽұɱ㡣
һ˿â絭ȻΪܹҳڻȪ֮Уǵһԣҿĺ֣ܷ
û˵̫ףǷţаܹȨס
ʱаѾǱˣǰԼһѣȡԹĹðնԼڤѡʵ̫ѡ
аִڵ˼ǷǳģǱκ˶Ҫη
ʵϣ״̬£аҲϾ񷽴еĵλѾȻͬˣϧȴզôҲû뵽ңӾȻѾնɱаһ壬׽а˱֮
һôѡ񣬱һˡ
ȥɣȻҲҪһµ͸һĨ֮ɫа˻ţֱӱ壬ɴ䣡һֵĽͶûУ


ľ һʮ һգȪ꣡
е
Ҫεȵ˺ľطǾаҲδػѡַʽǣڻȪ֮УѡΪȪɵδؾͱԱǿ
ҪǣͬʱܵȪֻصӰ죬Ա⣬ûֶֹܹãһеܱãǰӡҪ֪뷽˵ͬʱҲʼûٶ½ֺõ֤
һ˵ȻʵϣҲϢ֮ѡ
綼ûüӦаѾֱԱˡ
ķʶԾ𣬷ɫ˲࣬ԱӰ첻̫󣬱ϾڻȪ֮ǽһзģǣаԱȴƻ˾޴©
аȪڣҲֻȥ˶ʮϢҵʱ䣬뷽֮ǰԤƵİϢʵ̫ĳˣҲζţ粻òȪ֮ˣʣµ·ҪԼɹ⼸ٲȻѾǱ֮ˡ
ľ룬ʱҲŹȥ˲֮һѡ
һ˲䣬ȻСħҲסˣаָܹʶ֮⣬ѡķʽ˴ֲ
Զκ˶ȪĿֲԷʵûƾԼʵûп·̣ѵһεԼֽô
һжʵ̫ˣ쵽Сħ˵һ֣Ȼ

ڿУľҲȻǱ侲̬һָһɲǼ䣬۽Ȼɳ׼䵽˷Ľ£ˮǰһ˲䣬ƽȵ䵽ˮϡ
Ȫ֮Ͻһз򣬵񷽴ȴƾѵ۽˦˰ãٶ㹻£ʱҲǰ쵽ĵ
ֻǣҲֻһЩʱѣҪƾ۽ȥͲʵ
΢΢һָһ㣬һĨȪ֮ˮ׼˷ϡ
䵽ֵزôҲҪȽӴһ»Ȫ֮ˮѰƾֵķˣһζĶܣֻԼĸ죬һ㣬κ˶Ҳȱ־
Ȫ֮ˮմȾϵ˲䣬ȻܵһʹӿôɲǵĽӴʮ֮һŶȥ
ϢŨޱȣһ̣ӡ֤˻ȪĿֲ۴ӱ濴޺Ҳ޷ڸǣǻȪʵ

˼硣
Ȼ۾һĨ˵ľâ硣
һҲѾ΢Щģˣֻǣˣһ˲䣬һ˫֮ͫɢ졣
Ȫӿ³֣۷·˻֮УãŻҡͷһжѾ˽ʱˡ磬׼ô
ָϸţ۵ɫ֮Լһ˿ο֮ɫӴ֮߳ǳ
ˣ
ȻһɫȻУΪһƬɫޣء
һ̤룬۵Ҳ֮һƬɫ֮Уټ
һ̣˼𶯣˶֮ܿһĨɫĹ⻪·ضһĨɫ֮ӳ֮£ԵøҲ졣
̶̼ӵʱ䣬һĨɫ㻯Ϊһɫ̫ҹ֮УҲ֮ͬ˼羡һĨɫ֮С

飡
ܷѾ߾ȫȻ۽ʱ䣬ҲֻʮϢѣһ˿ľ۽Ȼ³ڴͬʱҲͬ׹˻Ȫ֮С
ûκֹһ̣СħͣڷͷҲ޷ֹһеķ
һз򣬼ħ֮ڣһ̣޷Ҳ޷ֹš
ܹ׸ܵԼţٶ£ʮϢʱ䣬᳹𣬳Ȫ֮С
Ȼһ̣ԭڰڤ֮УȴȻһգ۶µĺڰҲ޷һĨɫҫԭѾŵյҫ֮£·Ҳ˲õ˲䡣
һɲǼ䣬Ժ֮з·һ䡣
ֻرԴܿƵԷڷγһѤ̫ͼӲ˻Ȫɡ
ûκָȻһ̣·ֻرԴ֪ﵽһֽԴļ¡
ֻ֮Уһ֮䡣
֮䣬һֻأ
νĻȪƵļ£Ȼֺγ
һɲǼ䣬ˣҪȥƣ֮䣬Ȫ㻺˳̫ͼ˽ֱӿ뷽֮УҲֻͬرԴ֮С
ֻرԴбԴںϣһ˵Ĵڣһеֻ֮УںϣȻȪ֮Ҳͬ⡣
һӳյһա

ͬһʱ䣬֮УҲͬһգ
ɲ֮䣬һƬңЩǿߣǷǳϤմ壬۵Ϣ
磬ۡ㻹Ҫһô̧ſһգ֮Уλ͸һĨĹâ·ѳҪ͸һ㡣
޷۵ڵߵơ
ֻǣգƺҲѾǴĺѣʱпܳɢˡ
ãһ˻ڵݷ¶ˣǲ⣬۽Ҫڤˡ
ʵȳ̶ȣ˵ĸ֪Ϊ˲Ͱյıʣպ۵һ磬ĵơ
ʱΣҲ÷Ӱ쵽ˡ
ȥڤۺˣ֮ɱۣ
ĹͷҲڴ󷢳˱ɱ֮˲Ϣ֮䣬ĮȻ쳹Ҳͬʱ־ţѾǽָκνӶޱӡ
ţЩϼһҲоˡܴڤǲֻ֣ҲûܹƷ۽ˡƬ̣һ˻˵
죬ֻҪַټ֣Ҳؽնɱ

󴫳ϢͬʱУЩϼһǼҲͬƵ
˵֮ǰڷ绹ֻЩɵĻôһյĳ֣㳹״ﵽ˼¡
ڼʱ򣬾Բκβس֣ǿߵĹʶ
Ȼһˣ
һݵĵۣң΢΢۾ԭվСʱʱ䣬ڻ̧ͷ͸һĨâƺ«һڣһ֮ǰ͸գʧӰ١
ֻңŵ˲䣬ֵ֮ϣе¥˲仯Ϊһۣ
ɱ᳹أ
ÿһ̤֮УңߵĲ죬Ȼÿһ̤֮ʱ·Ƭ֮


ľ һʮ һ

˵ⱾȻ飬ȫûаѣҲûʲô֮
Ȼķ˵ÿһκһ־޴ѹΪ˿̤̾ڻȪ֮У׼ȷ˵˿˶ڻȪ֮С
ϵ̫ͼǣڤڤһգķ磬Ѿȡĳ׵ˡǣϲûԣȻ˾㤵ĻȪ֮УҲȻƽĺţ·û˿ѹ
龰ǿ߿ǵһȻ󲨲ɣµľǿߣҲûȪ֮Уɺ
ȻѾɢ˵аܹһĻҪġ
֮ѡԱΪ˲һᣬϣŷһǣ˭뵽ûиٳһԵ÷ܹ糣ĳڻȪ֮С
״ֻ̬Ҫ΢еӣҲףǾԲڻȪ֮ˣܻüĺô
ƯڻȪ֮У˳ˮҡڣȻǣȴδ˳ֱ£ƽͣԭأܲҡҲûз˿λõı仯
ֻǣСħҲ޷ע⵽Ȫ֮ˮӿ뷽壬֮Уһںϣŷٴνɱ䡣
ڵֻرԴҲ֮ͬԭδеɱ¾ԴԴҲںͻȪĳˢ֮£ֻرԴ֮УγһԽѭڻʡ

ˣ
һɲǼ䣬һ峺Ľ֮Ȼӽ֮ת֮䣬֮һĳƸкȻӽ֮
Ƭ̵ͣĵӲڷӦ˹ȻӦȴһŵͷ
ϤҲϤ
ϤΪǽӷģǲİ˵ϤΪƵ̤ʥʱ𶯵ģǣ֮ʱŻľӡ
ǡģǽ󰡣ǿ֮һ޷˭Ҫƣѵ۴޾֮лô
Ȼ֮һյĻ˵ƺҲͲôˡ
ȴȻûиЩ˼Ļᣬһ̣ʵ㻺Ĵ˽ÿһ䡣
ƶңӣǰɽ
ңӣ
֮ǰͲ֪֣ȻаһսȴѾ쳹죬ΪǵĴ֮һ
ǣ˭Ҳû뵽ǿߣȻặȻ󰡼ǵȫʢ״̬аֻҲŵĴɣ
ЩӣҲ˼֮ת֮䣬뵽Ĺؼڡ
û磡Ǹ۽ˣһеĹؼңӳֻɱа𣬲Ϊ˰﷽ôգԣϧΪУҲҪס硣
ԭ⻰ҲһЦϣ⣬Ҳûκ˸˿ԡ
ǣ˭Ҳû뵽ڽ󷢳˶Էıɱ֮ңӣȻĴˣͲҪʣûκĿܣΨһǡңӾһ
ֱϽⱾһ̬ȣԽҲò˲ο
ּȻˣβһ裬۸С㲻ñ¡Ƭ֮䣬֮б㻺һ²ȴʱýд󶨡
ܹ֮죬ΪźͼϣΪ֮У̫ϳϡ
Щ̫ϳҲǽ졣
ңȻǿа𣬵ҪڽֻҲԶԶ
ȻѾ̫ϳϣǱûʲôɵĵˡ
ͽ֪ε˽󣬾󶯸ɸ꣬±ɱ֮ϵţȴҲһġһ֮䣬ңӵӰȻ˽Ͽգϵųƺ«ѵ˲Ϊ֮Ŀ
ȻֻһݵˣȻȴٸǺ۵ľƺ«볤κ˼ɵ֡
«죬Ǭ
˭֪ǿѰľƺ«ңе
ǵͽܲȴҲ۴ˣһֲϰɣת֮䣬λͬ˵ǰңңңӶ
аһսȻҲ֪ңǿߣҲǴżּɵģ򲻵ѣҲʵڲԸңӷ
ͨռ䷨γ˽Ŀռˣ߲ʵǿģȴΪѲģΪǿߣҪɱʵ̫ˡ
۴ˣ͸ôһĨ⣬ңʵ
ûаԥΪ׵˳˵Ϲɱͳ֮ʱǺεȺڰ۱޾գۿҪ䣬ҵȾκⷢ
ңӣķϻûãΨֱӵؼпԷȥ
֤֪۵ĿֲҵҲ⡣һ£˼˵ȴȻݲðδ֮ǰݲð⣬ͽȻǵ۽ˣΪõӣܷŹ
΢΢ͷңƽĿڵô˵Ǹûˣ
ֹҽ죬˶ӦȰֲҪ󣡡Ȼͷ⻰ûаֿģԼһĨв֮͸
ããã
һ˵֣ңȴͻȻЦ
һģƺ«һץһڣңŰȻڵҵӣϵ֮ǰ˵˭Ҫ֣ҪȽɱˣЩ߼ϵĶȻ̸£ǾͶְɱ˵һȻΪУϵкξ壿
һ˵ĸɴ䣬ȫû˿أµ˲䣬ңӱȳ֣
ƺ«͵һΣٴγɳ֮ƣֻǣͬʱԽλ̫ϳϣңҲ̫д󣬾ƺ«δ統аһս֮ʱſأֻǽγһֲ潣ߣȻſе̫ϳϸ˹ȥ
ңһȻʱʵ㣬Ҳδηսһߵڣη壿
ΣΪΣ
սѣ
䣡
˲һν棬ңһȻδ·磬һλ̫ϳϱһ
ңӣڤ粻飬ɱĪҪҵȲģһĨɱΪ׵һɭȻڵ󣡡
ĵҲԶʲôѰܹģһΣչ¶ʵ
󣬱Ϊǿػ󷨡
һ󣬱пܽңˣһܾңӵвʣµģΨһսˡ
˵ʵͼǿһѹ
ңӾͨռ䱾ԴֻնɱҲ㲻ʲô
⾪죬ȻȴѾ֮еһǽݺᣬ󻤳ڣֱң˷ֳʤŻرˡ


ľ һʮ 󣨶
ʱ仺š
粢֪ԼڻȪ֮˶ã۾ʱ򣬱ѾٸоȪΣˣһģ㾲䵽ˮϣһ̤ڻȪˮ֮ϣ
Ѱĺˮ֮У˵Ƿˣֻһףؽ׵ˣҲվˮϣȫûʲôϡģ⿴ƽĺˮȴµĻȪ֮ˮ
һзҪƾ̤ڻȪ֮ϣⱾͼһ漣ˡ
ָ㣬ʱ䷢һУҲһ֮Уʶһգв֪θ롣
ȻܹӻȪ֮лų̶ܴԼֲ츳ǣȴҲ˭ûһǡó֣ûлܹȪջȪ֮Ѿˡ
աʣȻ۵ֱʣ
ϣҲûŪôֱˣοǷҲܴУܵǹֻ۵Ϣ
ǸԼһҪ֮ΪеĴڣȴһδνԼıԵĸо˲֪αˡ
΢ħ֮ٴչ˲ֻܵصϢжʱһɡ
֮ǰ׹Ȫ֮УֻһȥˣԼû£۵ֻĻǿɾʵ޷ˡ
ģħ֮ˣֻҪ㲻ħ֮Ի֮ϵֻء·𿴳˷˼Сħ漴ڵ
СħڻȪ֮Уˣҡҡͷ粢ûоЩ֮Уſʵ
գ˷ۣڷ̬ȼ⣬СħȴʵʵĻش˳ô˵ܹŴӻȪ֮гⱾѾֵףˡܣ㵽ڣСħҲ⣬ôһġ
ˡĬĬظһ£֣绺̧ͷܸоĵֻдҪˣߣ
һڵգһǣȴҲޱͻȻֵձȻ⣬ң¾Բʲôͷ
а̬ȣҲԼ÷оһ˿һֱǳԼжϣʱаԼжϽȻ෴ѡ񣬼Լأ÷ǲ·ԼһЩʲôһ㡣
ҡҡͷЩ߰ͷϳԺһ̤̫ͼٴθ£һ˲䣬ȪȻһ̤˳֮ϣȻΪһӰӣǰȥ
˳£ٶȣʣ֮·̣ٴ˿вƬ֮䣬Ӱ㳹ʧ˻Ȫ֮ϣ
ԽȪǳڤ֮䣬Ȼڤ֮⣬ǹ£ѾӦڤֺ֮ڰķһִʹУֻǣת֮䣬ָ˹
ΧϤжʱ˲١
ʶ̧ͷ죬ȴ˲ٴοһա
죬ȻҲͬһģһգĽ÷ǷݲԽ˼֡
ֻǣûȷ練ӦȻоԶ˳Լ˹
磬Ƿɱ
ԶԶϳ˵ķ磬Щ˶ʱ˷۳ȴȫȻˣܹڤʵǺεȵĿֲ
ܣΪ׵Ҳʥ׵ʵֻ񷽴Уﹻˡ
üͷȻһһ̤Ȼߣһ֣̽ɽ˵Ĳץסֱ
ǵǿڷǰûʲôֵأҪ˵һʥˡ
͸һĨɱֻ֮Ȼ˲䣬㳹һ˿־˵ЩӣʲôУ㣬ΪʲôҪɱң

䣡
һݺݵնھƺ«֮ϣȻԭԭصңȴת˲ʧӰ
ңӣ㾿ҪΣ
˵ʵȻǿǣңȴƵһУƿؿռңӼֱǽģ򲻹ܣƾλ̫ϳϷѾҲʼκβңӷֺ
˶ɣ⽣δܹסңӣԷǹġ
ˣ죬ȴκβңӣִܸУ˶ǽ̫ϳҲƵҪѪ
˵ˣҵӣֻҪҲͱ۸벻˵̬ȣңӲ̲Ŀڵλʵǿǵ˭˵ܹʤң
⻰˵ļΪȻȴӲƵ˶˵
ȻϣǣңȴȷѲ֮ǱаһսʱҲ˺ܴĽں«֮£ռѾˣиɻ
ǵ֣˭Ҳûʤİա
֣ҲֻǱƵңЩǱͬ޷вңӡ
ռ䱾Դ֤ѣһɹʵȴԿֲ֮˭ͷʹ֮
ңӣҳʵǿĪ͵Ϊûа취ôɫһΪ̫ϳɭȻڵ
СĿŶԷңƽ˵ֻңҪɱңֻ°첻
һϣңɵļΪŵģƿؿռҪ˵ԼϣֻǸ۲ŰĵˣȻǿ߶Ǿһˡ
˶ԸۣҲû˭ǿ߶ңȻǿȴҲûǸʸ
̫ϳϻʲôƻδãǣһң˵ĺֻ֣ңӽңӱߣȴ޷ɱ
һֶΡңӵڽ˵Ǿĺ󻼰
ңӵʵǲƤɱ¾ӣ˭ס
һеʱȴƫƫܱһۣڽ̫ϳ˵ˡ
㾿ҪΣӦףҵȲܳԷıɱ̲סҪ֣Ϊڻ˳
ܼ򵥣΢Цʼ磬ң˵ֻҪˡ
ܹڤʵȻǣʱʲôҪԸֻҲûôף֮УǿĿ¾ǽϼһˣֻҪסǣļȻʹĶˡ
ңӵĴ㣬һʼʼʵѾǴˡ
˵Ǳ󣬵˵ڽϼһ
ϾֻҪңڣ˱Բȥҷ鷳ˣܼ򵥡
㣡
ң˺˼ɵ˵˼ȴֱҪѪˣϣҲȷֻңֱ̬һˣˣʵңǿҲһ㣡
ֻǣң֪ǣִݵʱ򣬷Ȼħ֮ɱ⣬Ž
һ·֮ϣκθҵڷˣʲôģȻΪ˱ʬ壡
ңӱϢѾ״˷ĵߣɱڣǵҩƵʱ򣬶ûд˿ɱŨң


ľ һʮһ ֻƽ

󶼴ڽ֮£ɱĽֱ͸ʣ룬Ҳͬܳ
˵Ѱˣʥ۷ǿߣԽڽҲȫûпʸ񣬵Ⱦ磬ɲֻˣһ֮䣬ɱ֮УضС
һ̤֮УһϮĽ䵽ǰ˲䣬Ȼɢ˿Ӱ졣
ħ֮
ıܵƺϲȻֻҪ΢ЩӵˣҲΪķϷģǷݳĬ֮ɱκĺ
磬⽣֮͸֮ҪСġվڷļϣСħѵԷʶȻףʱ򣬸ûסĽŲ˵һˣ⣬ֻ·ҲҪɱȥ
΢΢ͷȻδ𻰡
ܹΪ죬ⱾһʵڽûмֶΣǲЦ
Ȼδƿ򣬵ǣȴҲǸʲôСˣеľǿ߱ʮˣаսҲΪˡ
̺֮֮򣬷һ۾ֻܸ֪ǣЩҲͣ½Ų
Žڣ粻ԾһϮԼƵһƱҪָˡ
ܣ̤һɱģǽԴ֣Щ̬ķչδϣǣȴҲɷϣݷӣԶԶ˳ˡҪ֪ݷҲֻǰ벽ʥ׶ѡ
зһ̾Ϣָ֮ϵ۽Ҳ֮ٴȶɱȻ

ûаֵԥֱǾɱ֮ơ
Ӳ
ֵزҲɿȡҪ뽣ңӣͱ⽣󣬶ұԴݿ֮ƺȻ
ͬңӲϧԵҲҪάһ㣬ڷ˵ΪλʦҲͬѪȾ죬һս֮ս
֮һգͱκ˶ԼۼԽԽˣһ޾գϣΣԼ̤һ֮ǰҪ̺·
ȻңӣôԼѪϴΣ
ҪԼΪУΪԼѣˣôѪϴΣ
Ͳʲô֮ˣһĵߣӲɱˣѪϴ磬Ҳգһ۾
ˣ
ֻرԴȻ籡۽֮ϸֳ̫ͼһн̫ͼ֮£ͬµıѩһ㣬ɿڣȻֲĽҲסȫһ
ֻأ
һ뽣֮УڣƬ֮䣬ֻ۵ӰȻ˷ߡ
һָ죬һɲǼ䣬Ȼֲ籩ǡ
ĽϾȻķҲ֮ȥһ뽣֮УѾǾ֮ˣ볹ǱҪϵĺĽâˣʱ䣬Է֮ɳȥ
ֶΣѾԿƾˣʵϣ죬ʸƿ⽣ģҲԲһ֮
ķﻹȥôã
ֻڣҲͲҪôĹ򣬻γɹֻرֲĴڣǵȼĴڣֻǰûʲôʸ
ڤ֮УֻصʵǷɿа֮ʱΪ󷨵ԵʣЩʹǣˣɱܹˡ
ȻֲȻ˵Ҳ󷨶ѣ
ֻʲôڣǱֲĴ飬һ̤⽣󣬺֮䣬ֻܲشֱѹƽ
Ȼ۷״̬µĽȻֻأҲԶԿǣˣ⽣ȴǸûֵġ
ԭӦֽ̫ϳ񶼱ңһϳֳܷƴ˵ˣǽƽ̣ҲֻܼҲ޷Կơ
һֻƿصֻشȻӲѹƳ֮ˡ
ıʣת۱㱻ĸ֪ˣ𺳣н˵һױȵĳ
ʲôˣ
ܵı仯һֱңӲŵλ̫ϳҲڷӦ˹ɭȻڣɱȻ
ǲҪɱôҾ⣬ҵҪ˭ǵĵɱҡüͷȻһѹûа˼󳹵׽ֻӦһ̤е۽ңָģ϶ĺ硣
磡
ʱӦôǾĴˣֻǣʵǣĳʽȻһһŵĸо
һһϽ
֮ǰңˣڵķȻˣˣ
Сӣδ㵹ָϵһϲ˵֮䣬ңˬʵҲʱһ񣬱ֱӳ˷ǰڿռգûס
˼һôЩ꣬ûмط꣬Ƿϲ˼Ϊϲġ
ŷ޼ɵĴλ̫ϳ϶ʱŭԭǾҪɱģ񣬷粻㣬ſĴΪֱǶԽ衣ܹܡ
磬Ϊ۴ˣ繫У񻹲־ô
繫Уһ˿⣬ȻʲôҲ־ܣ
ۼңӲδˣв΢һЩֻǣȴܼٷеɱ⣬ͲԷ˵Ļᣬһ̤۽ն䣡
ħ֮ٶǺεȿֲδ䣬۽Ȼһâն䡣
ûͽ⣬ͼԣɱˣ㽣ȻҪɱңǱñŵ׼

Ϊһ̿ͣɱĵĴ̿ͣ˭㽲
ο۴һǶ˵ҲԲ
ңȻˣǷƣǱ֮ɫȴҲģеɱȾѪʣ
䣡
ֲٶȣ񱩵һЮеɱ⣬һ֮Ӳǰǽ̫ϳϺ˳ȥ
ˣ
һ۽һ֮䣬۽߾Ȼܻķ
ƿֻرԴԴΪԴչ۽߾ڿУͬһ㣬죬Ȼǽλ̫ϳҲһ˿ɵ֮⡣
ȻЩȴȻ
һɲǼ䣬ͷȻܻһڵĺ͸һĨֲڤϢ
Ȫ
Ȫ꣬ڻȪ֮һÿҲֻѣһ֮䣬ȪϢȻȻȪһ㣬ǣֶ֮ȴҲͬչ˳
һ˲䣬вٵܲ˻Ȫɣתڷ
ɱڣɱ¾Դһ̣Ȼ˴֮ףܣɱ¾ԴѾֻرԴ֮УҲͬڸǲֲֿϢ


ľ һʮ ֮֮ս
磬
ܵɱ⣬һ˲䣬λ̫ϳ϶ʱɫ䣬Ъ˹Ĵ˳
ôǵȷбֲɱûаֵ˼㽣ȻҶ±ɱȻʦұ㽣Σ
ţ
򵥵һ仰ǷŨɱжðһɺ⣬ŰԽεȱвۻͣȴҲûв
Ȼ񣬷ȴӲһ̤֮뽣֮ϣĺŵĻ
ƾĶۣȻҪɱ˼ң˼ҪҲ㲻ʲôǣڽЩ˵˭ܹĽ
󷢲ɱ֮󣬴ལӶŴ䣬ɱ֮죬ǣǲΪʲôԵģǵ۽ˣ۲õӣˣ˵ö֮ô
ǣ㾹ȻҷңôĴţⲻֱħͷôȻ
߼ƺܱŤǣʣǽ߼߼
ϧȴͲһס
Ϊһ̿ͣݲκвǽ󣬻ۣУ
˭в˭ͱ
ȻҪ֧Ĵ̿߼ҪҲǿʵ˵ˣ˭ȭͷ˭Ƕˣ
۵ȭͷԽϹɱƿ˸ڷ档
ķ磬Ҳ·ϣҪɱǾͱɱˣ˼򵥡
ӵ׷ɱʼؿھѹ̫ɱ⣬һ·ߵڣ˵ǲΣ΢һأٲ
ܲңڤ󣬽ңˣǡþײǹϣ˷磬ҲЩӻܵŭɱк˳
Σƿε̫ϳΣڷУȻ
˵̤Ȫ֮ǰʵ۷״µа𿹺⣬ôȪֻ֮رԴٴɱ䣬ѾԼӽɣа𣬿ҲǷĶˡ
ԼжǿԼûһȷʶֻпһյʱܸܵԼС
ûۣҲȻһѹָУͬ߸յһգٵ
Ȼλ̫ϳϸûʸᲢۣ
֮
͸һ˿Ȼ֮⣬Ϊ׵̫ϳ̲סƣ֮ǰȻңҲδõľɱ֮
㣡
һɲǼ䣬һɣ⾳˵˲Ϣ֮䣬Χһжѹ·֮䣬ֻʣһѽɫĳ
֮㣬κκδڣ֮£ҲСͬϡ
̫ϳϣаּɵֲɱУȻҪǽ̫ϳϣҲҪΪصĴۡ
㣿ϣʲôܹ㣿
ֻӪһʱģٵ㣬ҲҪ쳣صĴۣŶ
һɲǼ䣬ȻԷʵҲܵһɴ̹ǵΣвһ֮·Ǻ֮һ߹
λ̫ϳҲûһֵķϻ˲䣬ȼԼ
˺߶˼¡
⣬ԭΪ׼ɱУֻȴû뵽ȴӲƵȾ磬òȫˡ
һ˲䣡
Ȼܻ̫ͼ˫ĿҲٴλΪڰ׶ɫħ֮ɿ񶯣ΧγһƬռ
ǣһУƺ޷赲һѽɫ֮
һ˵ȻʵϣҲɲ֮ѣûκ˷ӳʱ䣬һ֮Ȼ䵽˷ϣ
㣬ɱһУΪϣûκζģԣҲûκζܹס֮
ۣ
ȻһѪһ壬ȴ޷赲һԶ򣬸˵ķûдˡ
֮еĻȪҲ˲֮ȻǻȪ֮£Ҳ޷ȥֻܱ顣
Ѫӷؿʶ⣬·ʱܳ״͸࣡
Ȼ˶Ϊ˵ʱһѽȴƫƫͣλ̫ϳ߶Ҳ޷֮ǰһ֡
͸һĨ˵ʣޱϲֻһָֻ֣΢ôļס֮
̨磬ļ磡
߽Ĵӿ³˸֣һɲǼ䣬ɫ֮Ȼôڷпʼڻûо춯ĲҲûоҵĲǻںϣ·ںϵֻһǣһ顣
ͷһ㣬Ҳ÷Ȼ
䣬ô
ʲôǿߣʲôĴڣҲվⲻ˸࣬
ǰ֮ȻҲ㣬ôƾʲôܹأ
㣬ҲһֶԶ޷ĥǱǾĴУĻĴУ
Ϊɽӣľ൱£ֻأȪ֮£ʱ÷Ҳһ̤˷羳ĵأ
̨磬ļ磡
ضУ綼һ֮䣬ĴڣҲ޷ĥ𣡸ον㣬ٵģ
ֻأ
ӿ³֣һɲǼ䣬ǰ̫ͼȻڻĽɫ֮Ȼôһ㱻̫ͼ֮У˵ǣֻ⾳У
һ˲䣬ֻرԴɣ
νһɲǼ飬˸޷ֶ
ǣڷ˵һȴƺ⣬ΪɽĵӣԶǵͷ˵Ļһշ
ͷУϱûʲôǾԲܵģֻ㹻ǿ󣬱԰
ȻһĻ䵽Уֱˣ
ǽλ̫ϳҲ޷ıʣһ˲䣬ңƺҲֻڵϲż
ѵ˵ķ磬λ۽ˣѾɳĳ̶ôĴڣ컹˭ܹ
۵һô
ˣ޾գпˣֻǡѵ޷ı䣬ֻĿٴ۵ͳεô
ȾѪ
ѪǱ˵ģǷԼģָһĨѪ֮ϣϲû˿ϲ˼㯣
һ̣Ŀ⻺˽󷽵һƬռ֮ڣ
·⽣ǧӣλ̫ϳϣѾΪģֻһ֮еĶ֣ȴԼ
˳ŷĿȥ˲Ϣ֮䣬λ̫ϳҲŵ͸һ˿Īʣ
Ŀ򡭡ǽڣ
Ľڣ֮Уһˡһշ类ڤ֮ʱͶԷȻ֮ڹڴ뷽һսˣ
֮䣬ڣڻһϢ֮͸ÿһ˵顣


ľ һʮ 

Ҳ֪Ǵһ̿ʼ˭ʼɲ֮䣬ߵ彣ͬʱȫܿƣʥ۷ǿҲͬԱ⡣
ȻҲֻһʼѡ
һ̣Ȼңλ̫ϳҲĸоԿеĽָоͺЩȫͨһ㣬ÿһѽܲУĳһ򳯰ݣ
򣡡
λ̫ϳȷӦ˹ûаη壬ǵڴ˷֮ɫ֮ǰ֮Ҳڷֵ֮ǷϸҲ֮һɨգ·Ϣǰһж㲻ʲô
ǿҵٻУȻңҲȻɫһӲʮռӡտտֱߵĳѹ
֮ǰǿƵĳ֣ѾңĪˣȻ񽣸ľ䣬ɸþĸѵǽĵô
֮ǰ֮ȻֲңӵʵҲаܹģȻҪһвصĴۣȴȻ԰ǣϢȴңеһΣ·вͿ
һˣоϢֻң̾Ҫˣǣȴһڣң˵ʲôܶ뿪
ֻǣһ̣Ŀ䵽ϵʱңȴʱͰ
ƮƮ羲̤֮Уħ֮񶯣˫´·ûаһзϡ
ֻԶԶƳһۣҲܸܵϢ
ϸ֣ᷢԼмο֮ɫ
ˣ
еĳһ̣ڣ֮Ҳͬɳı⺳أϤ֮䣬Ȼ㽫ֻõֻشƿ
һĨ̤˫ָڱ͸һĨâôһӽڣ֮˳ٶȿƲ죬Ȼʵϣ̤ڣߵǰһҲֻһϢʱѡ
һϮĵʱ򣬽λ̫ϳңҲ޷סеĽ˹ȥ

һ̣ͬĽ֮ߣĿһгĳݡ
ˡһѽ
۽Ȼڷǰ·ûܵ˿Ӱ죬ΪϵĽ֮ϢŨΪڵߵ彣һλ֮⣬мκ˳ݣǽ֮ߣҲͬ䡣
û뵽ǵٴμһַʽŷ磬껺ڣϵĽԽŨңȴƫƫһ˿ɱ
Ҫһ˶ϵġ˿ԷҲܹô̵ʱ֮ڽʵֲֿľ磬ʼ磬΢Цǵһμ濪ʼעҪһս޹
֮սô΢΢ҡͷָ֮УһѳΧЩȣסĽԲǿһѣȻסɲǣط·Ϊ֮һƺֻһѽΨһ
ڽڣ֮У⣬ļԣԳɽ֮ڣǿ
·˵ƺֻ˵Լᣬȴƫƫһħÿһֶ˵ĶС
֮ô꣬粻ÿɷĿڵбԴ֮Ľ֮ô
Ƿ翪ڵɲǣһɿҵĽȻϷӿת֮ƬأȻ⿴ƿֲĽʱ㷴оκδʹС

һ˲䣬нӵжĿ֮ɫλ̫ϳҲͬ⡣
Ϊǵľ磬ȻҲӵģֻŬҲǳϵ̫ӣںԴ֮ܶα
ҲΪζң޿κεĸԴڣңӴĿռ̫֮ǳˡ
ȻͷųȴΪĽ֮򣬿ƺ⣬Ȼȴζڴ޷γɽħ䣬վʱ۷塣
ڽ޽֮˵ⶼһԵĴ٣
껹Զûдﵽ޵еľ磬ǣǿİѳɣպ֮Ϊļڽļʣؽųɹâ̤λǽֻҪ룬˷ܵĻѪˡ
ݷ磡
Ҳ֪˭Ⱥ˳ת֮䣬ֱ쳹أҲнӵ˷ݡ
㻹ûи򡣡ں˵̬ȣݷȻƽĿŷ硣
ûоûаɡʼ磬ЦЦشӵһμ濪ʼһʵǿҵģ
û˵꣬ݷȴѾˡ
һν֮ʱ̤벽ʥףŲֻǸո̤׶ѡ
ڶν棬ɾʥףŸոնɽʥ
ǣ֮ǰν棬ͬûռˣȻϣȻҪȷ߳һЩȻ˭ָ˵һռϷ磿
ܶʱʧֻܲǵƾʵܾģοڷˣϵҲ޷Ȩս
һ㣬ݷԶ˶Ķࡣ
Ǿսɣ
û˿ķϻһ֮䣬ݷϵĽȻ̧һƿնһ֮䣬ĿռȻ飬γһƬֲĿռŷɱ
ˣ
˫Ŀ֮кڰ׶ɫתħ֮һ񣬷ȻΪһӰֻرԴŷӭݷĽ
۽֮ϣڰ׶תΪһ̫ͼգ۽֮Ŀռ·һֹ֮֮һ㣬˿Ӱ졣
䣡
û˿ɵһζԺֻ֮Ӳתֻ֮Ȼ˿·磬ؼ䣬ĽҲ޷ֻ֮
ã
Ȼһ䣬ݷ͸һĨ˷֮ɫһֻرԴδȴѲ֮ɺһս
ܶڷһĪθУӵн֮ǰݷҲȻ޷İյʵһν棬ȴȷȫ֣ʤҲ֮ͬ䡣
ӵһֵ֣ҵ顣
Ľֻ˵Ļסҡͷ΢ȪϢٴת絭ڡ
֮ǰţҲֻһջݷǿƳ֣ҲȻδ÷ı⡣
֮£ǰθýںĻݷ俪ڣһ֮䣬ֲĽ׺£֮£Ȼǵ۽Ҳڷһ΢Ĳ
ԵĽݲ˿ʡ
۽ȻǿᣬȴվǽֻҪǽӽ֮һ֮䣬۽֮ϵĹ⻪Ȼ˲ıʣȻǷҲûϵһ˲䣬ȻӲݷȥ
еĵ۽ǵһ˲ܿƵơ
Ȼ޵еģǵ۽Ȼ۵УȻݷĽܺģֻǣķ磬ȴҲǸ۰


ľ һʮ ۽飬ң
һɲǼ䣬ǷҲȻɫ䡣
ľ磬۽ʵãʵѾԺԲˣѾֻ޷õ۽ô򵥵ˡ
ŵ˵һֻرԴ֮棬ɵ۽ܿƵݷƿ֮УǱζֻرԴܸ˽һһսҲͲýȥˡ
־磬˵ˣ⾳֮⾳ˣôûзĻˡ
Ȼ籾Ǵ̿ͣԵȫǣ٣Ľ֮У㲻ʤݷˡ
ԭҲʲôǣˣ˷֮⣬ңڡ
ݷıнǰˣסɱͬģǷˣҲסݷϮɱңӡ
ȻңƿؿռݷǰֻҲûߵĻᣬû棬͸޷ףĿֲ
ҵǰ˭ʸȶϷ򣿡һ̤⾳Էתֻ֮ڵ۽֮ϣγһ̫ͼ۽뽣Ŀƿ⡣
Ȼδ򣬵ǣ֮ǰս֮У֮в֮£ȴͬʱͻƵ˷羳ĵأ
̨磬ļ磡
ֻҪ̨δʧأϣƷĵģĲʧǽȻҲ޷ȡ֮
˵޷ôұƫҪն㿴
һ̣Ȼ۽ͬһ㣬ҪնЩֻ֮ɾĽ棡
ˣ
һ˲䣬ţĽȻӲƿһ϶Ȼƿ򣬵ǣȴҲٲס֮ˡ
𺳣
һս˵һ𺳣޷󣬵Ȼս
ݷĽ򣬵ǷֻرԴѾԶԶ˵ľ磬ǽλ̫ϳңҲòȻķֵ֣زѾ岻ˡ
ִܸУ˱
Ƕڽλ̫ϳϣǴĻǵҪΧɱ磬ֹȻ֣Ǹ뷽綯ֵҪʧȥˣⲻò˵һּĳ
ãĽ󣬻һݷ磡
ҲΪݷĴڣûý˵澡ʧԷչֳʵ컹˭ܹס
ûΧɱǵȷܹɱ磬ķȻǿǱյۣȻɼǣķҲɵӰôǲΧɱ
οħ֮ڣħ֮Ҳ֪һЩģ޾֮⣬ħ֮⣬ûʲôܹסħ֮νķӡֻһЦѡ
أ
ݷ뷽ڵһδεı飬ݲκ˲㣬һδοֲײɢĲѾɱʥǿˡ
ֻǣ֮ʱƣ˻ܹĿݷѾռϷ硣
Ȼ޷Ʒеĵ۽ڶԽ֮Уһڽ⣬ݷǰһЦͷӲκֻ֮ħ֮ҲȻ·֮С
磬վҪڽˡһʮݷٴľƿУоԵİܹܷˡ
˵ƺ̫һЩһ˿âȻһе۽ڡ
һ̣Ȼһֲֿ֮ƣ
飡
һ֮䣬һȭȻĿȴݷ磬еĵ۽
۽
˭Ҳû뵽һ̣羡Ȼѡһ˲ҵĴ򷨣һ֮䣬Ӳ۽飬ΪмͬŮɢݷ絹ȥ
֮£۷ŬҲվ޷ı䣬۽ܵӰʵǴû֮ǰȻǷҲ޷ı䣡
Ҳˣս֮УŻеţһֱݷѹ·硣
⿴һⲻľ֣Ȼڷ˵ȴˣȻܵƣô㽫⽣Σ
۽ǲɶõľ۵彣ǣڷУҲһѽѣȻ۵ĽΣֻҪҪʱ
Ϊһ̿ͣ޶һֹʽʲô̿ͣ
ʱƣʺϵʱκηʽɱһǴ̿͵ķɡ
䣡
˲Ϣ֮䣬µĵ۽Ȼô赭дı˵ǰ𺳣öûܷӦ˼Ŀ쵹ĳѣ
ھУݷȫûԤϵ羡ȻһУһʱҲȫ˸ֲ
ȻƾЩѼٶһҲ˵ݷ磬ǣˣ粢ֻɵսŵģΪһĴ̿ͣսİգԶκ˶ҪĶࡣ
ǵ۽ͬʱͬʱһڿϰٵӰݺݷ˹ȥ
ָһѵĽ棬㻮֮Уıɱһ
ۣ
һѪݷһеĴھΪۣȻһĻʱȴȻܹ֣ݷĲϳһѪۣ
һ˲䣬ľɱ澪޵˼£ݷʵҲױܿ
һâָ㻮ʺһѪۣһֻҪ֣ԽݷɱˣֶΣֱף
ֱ˿̣ݷ绹ȻܹоһĨ⣬ԼǰէֵһĨ⡣
̹ǵΣҲһɲ֮ѡ
ĵôӿ³һ仰ݷҲһ˿ɵ֮ɫֱһ̣׷һĨΣеԴ
Ƿսʽ
֮ǰǵ۽߾նһлڵֶΣֻζѣ޹ǿܹκһ˲䣬κζܻΪֻŵɱ
΢΢̾Ϣһ漴ҲЦû뵽ȻǶȥˡ
һʼսһֱһɾɱĻᣬ֮ǰδô羢һֱԵ۽֣ݷѹƣΪľᣬȴû뵽˵۽ŻĻᣬȴվ˰֣ݷյıܿİ־롣
֮ǰΪѾ͸˵ˣһ̣ܵǷݺ⣬ֶΣ˼滹ô
ŵ˵׵ضͲ֪ˡ
ˣȻѾվ۷壬ȻǸ߸ϵۣ
꣡
˵ʲô֮һգȴȻһѺۣһ̣һֲĲȻ˲䣬죬˵磡
һ˲䣬ɫȻˣ
дϢİȻǵ˼ʱԼĻ֮⣡
ңһ̣ĸоʱյĲͬҲܵٻ
ʣѾļޣǲס֮⣬˼綼֮ڤҲδܹ⣡
޷һģǣȴû·ˣ
ҪֹһУΨһĻᣬ޾գ
һҲͬףҪ۵ʱҪˣԼǲ׼ˣûѡ


ľ һʮ ޾գ
ȻֹǷ磬ѿ˲䣬ݷҲͬܵǷѹ
Ҫʲô̽ͬʱݷ뷽Ĭסˡ
ĬãݷȴͻȻЦ绨ƺǱǷõЦݣܹ˶ĸܵǷݲá
ȻЩź㲻ҲǹһĨЦݣ粢ûжʲôҲʣЩˣȻֻ֮ԵҲͬ˽ˡ
ʵϣ˷ݷ⣬ҲףΪʲôͬǷЦȻʱҲ˲ϹעЩˣ֮־ҵı仯Ѿľսˡ
Ͳµ֮ǰȻ䣬ǣƺѾЩʧˡ
ʦתңӣҪǰ޾ˡ
Ȼ򵥵һ仰ȴˣ˲ڳɫ䣬ʶģλϱͬʱվ˳
ɣڼҵȾκ谭
һ˿֮ɫȻ˼һᣬҲϧô
˵ʲô⻰λ̫ϳҲͬɫ䣬ŵ򷽴磬û֮䣬ֻҲŷĻʵͰǰɲ㲻š
ûмͣħ֮΢΢һȻŸ߿շȥ
ס֪ģۿҪǰ޾գ̫ϳٴγֹȻ⻰ǶԽ˵ģҲǶߵ̫ϳ˵ģΪʱκ˶ܹסģֻݷһˡ
ܸոյĽ֮УݷһСǣȴӰݷʵ
Ǹ΢΢ҡͷݷ绺Ƿ룬ֲԵģұҪ뷽һͬǰ޾ա
ҲҪȥ⻰˶ʱһƬȻȫ޷ݷ̬ˣѵҪȥ޾ֹô
ݷ磬޾̫Σգ·磬ֻҪǡ
̫ϳϣ˵ˣҲֹ֡ʱݷȫҪ˿ΣƽĽ͵ǲ磬Ҳҡʱû˭ֹһս
ᣬ֮Ƿݽȴÿһ˵顣
һս
⿴Ƽ򵥵һ仰Ҫ˵Ҫεǿ
գݺ֮ʱк˸˵ΪУǳ̽޾֮ʱ͵ϮҲǼжǿߵΧɱˣһսǿߣҲǿ۱޾֮С
ݷ羹ȻҪ뷽սۣĵǣݹ죬˭У
һ̣ǽλ̫ϳҲͬĸоİУǾݷһߵڵģǣݷѡʱǲȻ֣һݷ˵ǸͲݷ˼Ȼ磡
һ̣˿жЩࡣ
һɱ죬Ϊֹ˵η۹һս
ǣ˭뵽һߵڣĿģȻһս
˶ԱЩνľǿߣֱͬСһЦȴһԵá
ݷڣŲδ춼׶ҡ
ֻǡƾ˵ۿôۿѾǿ֮ĩˣǣ޾յıϾ۵ı𰡣
þƣ
ƺ«粻֪ʲôʱң˻ŷݷԶȥıӰңȴͻȻЦ
Ǻþƣôһӣ԰飬һ¶ûʲô飬Ǳ·ôһӸֵõ˵λУռҲͬС
ֻǣ飬мܶأ
һ̣ңͻȻЩ˼ˣ٣˼磬ȾƣЩ˿ʵǿᣬȴֻһȺ󱲶ѣ䲻ơ
ǸݷСһ
ңӣ㣡ңһ벻ӣ̫ϳ϶ʱŭ˳ʲôʱˣ㾹Ȼ˼Ⱦƣѵһ㶼ôҪԵĿɲʲôѰˣۣôһִϹɱһ˸Եֵۣ
ΣмĺһңĿڵ˼Ͳ˵ˣСӵ֮һսǾ춯һǿڣ
㣡ңôûһ£ȴӲѽλ̫ϳ˵仰ˡ
⻰ûݷ籾ҲˣңҲʼղδʧǣһβͬ
źࣿȴֻһ
εҡҡͷңָָ죬νĿڵ޾յ·ӦʶҪȥæ
һ仰ǲǽ̫ϳȴƫƫһֶ˵
޾յ·ϻ⻹Ҫ˴·ôֻҪһ·ǿնȥˣǣڳģ˭ҽ޾գ
һսҲǲ޾յıԵѣ˭̤޾գٱų˶ܹ޾յ֧ôꡣ
ǽλ̫ϳ̤޾գҲĽȥǲǰô
ᵽ˲Ĭʸ̤޾յģֻҲֻзݷˣ۽ΣģҲֻǵȴѡȴΪ尾
֮£ңӻƣֱһ⣡

޾գ
֣ڷ˵ʵ̫Ϥˣ̤֮ǰͷǳһգԼؽ̤޾գһ˶ϣ
Ȼһ̣ٵʱȴһƬˡ
ȥж£ԼмսʤİգҲȥ룬һеĽʲô
񣬶˵ΨһҪģ̤޾գλǿ߼档
й̫Ĳ룬Ȼһ̣ȴãһжҪˣΪܻһġ
ݷ硣
һԼԤϵһ㣬վǸһ統˼Ѫħ֮ʱһִ£ݷ绹ѡս֣һսҲֻܵȵһг䶨ˡ
Ȼ˵ܵȵһĻ
֮ǰ˵źҲΪˣӵһμ濪ʼݷĽ棬һĽԭΪŽ֮£Ȼܷһʤʱȴƫƫؾ䣬òǰ޾ˡ
Ҳһ
粻Ҳ⣬ֻԼһֵοһ֮УһֵĴڣѵ֮һô
ûʣҲûݷش𣬾Ѿ֪˽
ֻ֮ԵȻϣ˽˴ģҲֻݷˡ
ոһѺԽԽ·ЦĶħأһһ̤ġ޾գ


ľ һʮ һȣ
ħ֮ɢһĨİ׹⣬ȥȻˣҲȻֲֿܵ˺ѸУ·ʱԼ嶼ᱻֲ֮˺ΣҲ޷⡣
һ֮䣬ֻرԴ֮ɢڰ׶ɫɵ̫ͼĸ֮У峹׶ס
һ̤֮
죬ʸ̤һˣҲֻзݷ˶ѣ֮⣬ңӣҲ˲䱻޾ɵĸɸɾ
ңֻΧѡ
绹δüΧĻܵһ󵭵Ŀռ䲨һ̣ݷ̤ͬ޾֮С
뷽粻ͬݷ̤˲䣬ȻſֲĽ⣬һѹ飬ͬһıһ㣬նһ
˵ԼĴӦ޾գôݷԼնգԵԸӡ
ǹ貣޾Ҳ޷ǹ⣬ֻǣǹȴ·ܵʲôӰһ㣬һָĴռ֮е˺ԶȿռҪµֻ̫࣬ǣƫƫΧһжԵüΪƽԵñĿռ仹Ҫȶ
üͷ΢΢ݷҲʱеĲͬ
˵־ͿԱռ䣬ôҲ߾ȫѣңָоԽԽԡ
Σ̤޾յ˲ĳˡ죬Ƿ绹ݷ綼һָоϣƺѾûʲôвǵˣȻ޾յĻѾ׶ɱˡ
ܵ޾յĿֲݷҲԽܹ۵Ŀֲ
һ粢û˵ֻȻ޾˹ȥٶȺ˵ÿһ̶񾭡
ԼһϤϢŷ磬ǣʣڵλá
ˣ
Ҳ֪ɳȥãͻȻ֮䣬ݷڵĿռ䣬ȻҲ·նҪһ㡣
ȻǷݷҲͬʱɫ䡣
ΧĿռ쳣ȶǣ߾ȫҲֻܴһСѷ죬ȻûоԴͷʲôȻƬղ·ʱһ㣬˲𾪣
ԶԶһӰ˲ϢӰĽӽԭƽĿռҲڳΧ˺·Ϣ֮䣬ǿʮϣȻԷݷʵҲͬƵһ˳ʮףֻرԴ뽣߶£ǰվȡ
ȻһӰ˲䣬Ƿ绹ݷжȻһ
ȻֵӰˣǣӰȻһȡ
ûһȣ˿쳣洦ɼûκεĲΨһͬģϵϢݷ绹̫ǣȴܹоǸ۵Ϣ
һ̣ȻһĨ޿ݵɫâһɲǼ䣬㽫նס·һһ˲䣬ֹͣתֻһĨ⻺ת
תۼ䣬лһĮܼˣǷ绹ڵһʱֱ˳Ǹ۵
ƾǵܴ޾һȣɶգȣǱܼҡ
ƽ˿ɫʣȻ䵽ݷУȴֱһס
Ҫע⣬õǣ㣬仰˵۷ǳ̤޾յĲǷһˣ֮ǰܵĽƾĳЩ۲쵽ģݷˡ
Ҫ֪Ϊ֮ҲֻԼܵڵһƬλöѣʲôо
ûеȴ˻ش˼µͬʱȱԹԵĻ˳ʱ·ȥɫĹâ֮վԱסǿֲ֮ҲһΪµĵز
û̫ԥħ֮΢΢һ񣬷ȷ˳ȥ
ֻӽȣĸоһĨâҲ˵ҲͬһĿ飬סյʱ򣬷·뷽ݷҲҪһס
£޷ֱģֻ֮ҪƣȻ֪ζʲôƾֱҲ֪Բʲô¡
ˣ
ԷģֻرԴٴתһĨԶԶԼϱƿֻȴȻǲ¶˿飬·ûиоЩһ㡣
â֮УҲܹ֮ܵǿҪƾԼ⣬ֻµֳ˵εĸо
粢ΪʲôۻŪǣȴһ쳣ϤĸоǸо·ֻصڷɽϵһ㡣
û׿ǿֲ˵Ͽȣ뵱ڷɽϣͷôԼļֱһģһ
һ˲䣬Ȼͷȴƫƫץסһ㣬ȫҲͷѰĸо÷Խ
ʱţȻ֮£ʱȴ·һǷ磬Ҳ޷ƶϣǼʱ䣬·һжѾʱˡ
÷ĥ͸ǣϵֻرԴȻһ֮еܣٶȼȴĵȷȷ͸ֻرԴð١
һָоٶȣԼϵֻرԴܿɱ䣬γ
ָоʵ̫ģ˸Ըһ·Զȥ
΢΢۾ľ񳹵׷·ٴλص˷ɽɽϣ绺ͷȾƣǱͷеԴ
ԣ
ʯ֮䣬ȻѣǰһеľȻ֧飬ٴλصʵ֮У
թ
֮䣬ͳ׷Ӧ˹Ϊһ̿ͣΣԶԶκˣһ˲ľѣĺëȻըһĪĿ־Ȼĵ
̫ˣһжʵ̫˳ˣ
ûԼʵȷǿܹڼ֮ǰٴͻƣγ򣬻۵İɻ༸֣ǣһвɡ
ֻرԴأǵڣҲûܳ£ǣȴôɾʹâ֮ȡֱ̫ˣ̷ֱ鵤ҩһ㡣
ǣϣֺ£
бԴʼһʵıǲðž޴ķջģ
ܳסбԴĳбԴʱ򣬷ѾˣĲҩ쳣ܿ˰ƣҲˣ
֮бԴֻرԴԼСĵĲ֣ŽƭҩֻرԴܻеΣգǳܹģ
һʵҲڻȪ֮УȪĽ
ǣΣգѵȪСôȻ֣ķѾȪΪˡ
ôƾʲôԼʵ˺޸ƾʲôԼо˿Σգ񶼷
ոһ̣ԼѾˣԸһ·Զ߲ĸоЩôԼϳ֡
һ˲䣬Ȼ۾˫Ŀ֮У͸һĨɭȻâһɲ֮Ѿ˾
ΧâȻţо˿쳣ԼȷУԶһĨ۵ϢҲ·ԽԽˣ
Ȼһ̣ȴȻȭֻرԴԴȫͬʱ羢֮߾ȫһȭ䵽ǰâ֮ϣ˿أ


ľ һʮ 㣬˭
飬ϣ
ⱾǴ̿͵ķ񣬶ڷ˵һжϣ㲻аԥҲȴжϴĺڵ˵жϴˣһȭ俪âȻ𣬻ʧȥȵıӻͺпܱ޾ɡһˣ»Ȩһ󣬲¶ġ
ǣȴԲЩһȭҪֱӴ棬ңҲԼжϣһȭ֮ͬǿҵ˴˿ͷųǿ
ȭâӦ飡
֮ڣ޵У
ľ֮£ʲôҲ޷赲ȫķ磬ҲͬС
˲䣬ΧĻȻ䣬ԭƽ龰˲ɢֲ֮ӿһ̣Ȼ֣Լ弸ٶ޾ԶһƬԼһڰĶڣǿա
Ȼһݣ米Ķʱ͸һƬ亹
ԼѵĿ죬ֻҪٹƬ̵ʱ䣬ͻǱ֮Уܻһξ룬ҲĸܵĿֲʵȥֻҲǾһο֮󣬻ɭȻĺڶ
ˣ
Ƭ֮䣬ǰҲͬʱͣһ죬һ̣һĨӰֶºţȻۣ
ܲķӦԤĻҪһЩ۵ºͣҲŵЦ⣬·һиͲֻһ˴ŵЦ
۾Ҵ޾գѵҪôһ˿â絭ڣָգȻδֻ֣Ҫһֻ֮۳Ϯ
֪кܶɻ󡣡̬ⷽȣ΢ЦſڵΪ˽⿪Щɻ󣡡
㾿ΣЩ䣬粢һĶŵ̬һһֽϹɱޱɱĵߣº͡
ܼ򵥣һеĴ𰸣ǰ΢Цָȣ赭дĿڵȣǿһյ׵Կףסߣҵ㡣
ƺûпǹܾĿܣ£۵Ӱ㻺ɢ·ûгֹ
ȻڿƮţɢâ첻·죬ŷѡ
Ĭʮӣվһ̤Ȼץȡ
ʱҲͬѾûѡˣ֪ܲ۵⣬ǣһ֮ǰʵͲţ۷Ѿ۽Լ޾գΪɱԼ
·ѾָˣңĿǰԼҲֻһ·ߡ
ͷעԭһֱߵݷѾʧȥټ֪ѾǺڶ֮Уһ֮е쳣ȥˡ
Ȼϣǣ۵ֶε溧ţһȣɣԼݷֿԼȫûܲ˿쳣ҪݷֶԿ۸һЦˡ
һ˵ȻʵϣҲһɲǵĹˣӷֵסһȣһգ۵Ĺѡ
סȵ˲䣬ȻоһϢԼȥָоռ䷨ȴֲͬһ쳣ϤĸоسɴֶΣǳƣ
ֻǣһҲδ˼ʱ䣬һ֮䣬оرãգ֮䣬ԼѾһƬ֮УԶɭȻĺڶƬ֮Уȴ·˿Ӱ졣
ɫʯʯξİǰζ˸еһĿ
һ£ʯϣ΢Цſ򷽴磬ƺһж֮Уꡣ
̧ͷȥͷһĸֻ֣֮ϣȴԼɼһѺۡ
һݣʱʶͷһգֻ¾֮ҵĸԴֻǣԼȴʲôˡ

ⷽľٶڣȻŵЦ⣬Ҳûпڽ͵˼
ԥһ£վ۶ʯȫԷƿ֮еĸоܲǣڸһ֮ǰҲƾֵİ취
۲δ֣ĸоԼ۵Ķ֡
ҪԷ⣬ΨһĻᣬ֮һѺۣ
ļǵЩ˵Ļ۱޾գʱܳ׹޾գҷһпƽȻȴֻܿƽһϵѺɾõ֤ԣ粢ʱ䡣
Ǻò裬峺䣣ڱһЧ·˵ľ֮һ
ֻرԴɣֻһŷ磬Ȼڣһ仰ĵ˷ľ磬ȷԼоĻһ㣬Ҳ˿⣬ΪӵеıֻرԴ
һ쾳Сһߵ־磬һҲֻʱ䣬ٶȣ漣ΪƾʲôܹһģٴνǰĲ豭ע赭дĿڡ
Ų豭΢΢һͣȻ
ƾʲôܹһߵڣκ˶Ϊ츳ҲʲôΪǴԽģͲǸСΪǷɽӣ羳ƾ裬ǣЩȴκ˽ͣԷۣҲͬС
·ܶ˼ǹһĨЦ⣬۽Ǳ֮ƾʲôܹΪ۽ܹ֮һȭ飬۵ĵ۽
кŨȴҲԽĲ⣬ܹһУ۵İôдһʣΪʲô
粻ҲͲ׷ʡ
΢ЦŶеĲ豭һڣۼڵֻرԴǱ۶ǿȴûܹƾʲôܹﵽɵľ磿
һΣڶҡˣֻܹرԴһǵ۽֮еϢǽҩ֮գտտõģһпƶн͡
ǣͬʱֵʱ򣬷ȴվЩҡˣЩͣľô
ǧ㣬ףʲôǵô
ȷشۻһתֽһʵ
֮󣬷һʵȻһΣֻۼ򵥵һѣȻȴ÷ٴγĬ

һ˵򵥣Ȼȴƫƫѽ͵ģǧƺҲûĲһֵУҪҲ㵱ɽ֮ʱѾʵҲ˵ԼѾ˵
һ˿Ц⣬ۣڣɵǳǳҪ˻شô
⻰һڷ˵ȴȻˣ֮һ֣ʵĽܾͣһ仰ˣǣ⻰ȴ򲻸ô۵Ŀ˵
¾ӵƪǶڵڹͣǣ¾ȴ簡
һɲǼ䣬ɫ䣬ȻԭƽľȻһɶŵĶۡ
㣬˭


ľ һʮ ֻأ
ԴԽ絽ڣû𾪹ΣҲδҹ赭дһ仰ȴܡ
˵֮ǰһֱΪֻһǿĴڣôһ̣֪㱻״ˣ޷۵ˣѵ˵ҲǴԽģ
ǣˣ֪ԼҲǴԽģ
۵ֺȣƺûв𺳣΢΢бٴν豭ע
˵ˣһеĴ𰸣ǰ
Ľٴ䵽ǰϣȻڡ
һȻڷУ۲δҪҲһֱûз֣ܣƺֻһͨȣȻȴһֱȷǳҪƾֵĹؼ
⻰һ統ͷӦ˹ѵ˵𰸾ôһ̣ģȻ
˭ǹһĨЦ⣬ڵôұһο顣
ָ㣬һâȻע뷽еУʼ磬΢ЦֻҪͨο飬һеĴȻֹҵݣУ޾յԭһеһУ
۵ջңջ󣬷޷ܾ
ͨΣǿае𺳣ǿԼ侲׷ʵ
ʵͨͨûйϵνʼ磬΢΢ҡͷ̤޾տʼѾעˣһ飬ֻǡǣˣ˵棡ܿ죬Իס
еĲ۵˵һ飬ҳ֮Ϊֻأ
ֻأ
򵥵֣ȴ͸Ϊǿ÷ʶеΣգȻۻе˼Ȼȴѹ
ֻأǵʵҲͲףʲôֻأȴĽ⣬ڵǰ
ɢŵĹâͶء
׼ˣͽʶУһеĴ𰸶Ȼұ㡭ҪңҲҪ˵⣬۵УҲ͸һĨ֮ɫ
Ƿһμ棬һֱ綼Ĵڣʲô飬ֵ档
һ̣뵽޾գ뵽ѿգԼһЩʲôȴƺʲôס
֪ݷģ˼Ƭ̣ȴͻȻʳһţ༰⡣
·ϡ΢΢ҡͷ˵ˣѾעˣģҪ
ݷѾ˽򣬳Ϊ̤λĴ֮һȻ۵УȴȻֵһᡣ
ûʣΪҲʲʲôˡ
Ĵڣûбķ˵Զܵõ𰸡
һ̣ʶ㻺֮УһɲǼ䣬ȻһâƽʯϣʶȴѾȫ֮С
еĲ豭ĬĬһڣվǻ̾һ
Сħ㿴ʲôʱ򣿡Ŀ⻺䵽˷ļϣ۵ڣ֮ȴ͸һĨɭȻɱ
۵ĻСħγ˷ļϣۡ
ۣ㾿Ҫʲô
һֱڼǳ˽ۣȻ۵ߣСħȴ֣޷͸۵˼
˵һʼҲΪ۱޾յĻôȴܹĸо۸ûбͷһѾѺҲ޷ıʵ
֮ǰСħΪҲ㲻ʲôδûһƴ֮ǣ۵ǰСħȻ֣ԶԼĸΪǿء
޾ոס㣬㵱ҲǱΧ޾յģ㵽Ҫʲô
͸һ˿΢ɲľâƺʲôЦЦΪô
˷ۣСħмļȻҲ֪ҪʲôǣһǲţȲʤȯʵȻ㣬ǣȴδػ㡣
ǽȻһЦ΢΢ҡͷʵ֮䣬˭ʤ˭Ѿעˣܿ죬ͻףЩվ޷ı䡣
Сħۻе˼ҲʡȻ͡
ʱһƣΧһƬžֻһζƮɢ

վɽ֮ϣдһ˿һذףɱӿ
ΧΧϰˣںġ
ûκζԣȻһ㣬ȻƮذ͸һĨâ㻮䣬֮䣬һĨѪɫ
Ȱٶȣ׼ɱУÿһ۷壬Χ֮Уȴȫ˿⡣
Ѫս֮Уϲ֪˶˿ڣȴʼδգһ۾֮ͬеޣֲÿһƱոһ
Ķ粢İΪǱΪϤģ־羢
̿ͣ뷽һ޶ķ񣬺ֲ
ѪȾ̿գ
ƾҲ֮Ϊ̿ͣһѣҽһִһĴ̿ʥأǿʲôĴ̿ͣ
ӿ³һ仰صʬ壬ϻѪ˿ڣƽԶ

̤ʬɽѪŹǰˣڣȻԸңôһǱߴɱɱ£Ϲɱ򣡡
ֳ彣ͷɱ

һ̤֮Уг͸һĨâɲ֮ǰ٣ѪȾء
ɱ֤Դֻأ٣ɸҷң
˫Ŀ͸һĨâһ̤ƶϣӲ˺գǿ֮УȻ졣

һƿգнӡǣܻ
Ϲɱ򣬱ΪΨһߣ˽Դ˱Ϊ۽۽߾նն磬вߣɱ֮
һ·ɱ۽ݺ죬ѪȾǿգĪ֮ߡ

΢΢Ŀ꾲֮У˫ۡ
ͷ̤뷽䣬˿棡̣ұҲΪ̣ԽȣΪ̣죡

һ̤޾գңǿա
¶һ˿׷֮ɫ૵ͷѾվ۷壬ǣȴԽƣˣֻһұʱ򣬻ҵؼҵ·ˡ
бб䣬ϡһ˿ã֮ɫ漴Խᶨ
ͷҪⷽ羳ޱɱ˵ħô
ĬƬ̣껺ҡͷ¶һ˿ĮҲںǻΣû裡ֹҵĵ

飬Ѫս޾ձԵնɱ׹޾ա
ںڶ֮ǰһ˿м֮ɫ
޾ΣΪסôɱֻ֤һֻأԳһ磡
̾Ϣһһָ֮ѣһ⴩͸޾գֱ˼ȥ

Ǹһ£ֻʣո˭ңᰴؿڵ˿ڣ΢΢üͷվֱ壬ƽڡ

䣡
һֵ˲䣬ͬըըһ㣬ļƬǿɬֱһ̣ˣⴳֻص塣
ֻأһУֻһֻضѡۣԼ
еļ糱ˮӿļ䳹׳ͻΨһ𣬾ǣһļܹռ壬塣
ǣν
۵Ҿ㣡
һ˵ʵ˭ʤ˭ûзֱ𡭡Ϊһˣ
һжֻһֻضѣ


ľ һʮ δһս֣
üͷһ𣬷͸һɿֲ겨СħҲڷͣ˿ȴȻ·ʲôûиоԹԵĺȲ衣
ֻǣϸͻ֣֮ᷢУһϵѷȻѾʮ·ʱпܳױ顣
ͬʱ۵壬ҲԽ޵ƺģ˺ܶࡣ
СħĿЩҪʣȴվΪ֪Ӧοڣ۲ش
ã˫ĿȻһĨâ͸ֻƬ̣ȴվǱڰ׶ɫȡˡ
Ӯˣĺڰ׶ɫЦ˳һֻأ㣬Ҳʵġ
ٴʯǰ翴۵ĿҲԽĸãŻڣΪʲô
ûһ䣬ʵʲôΪûͷûβס
ΪңȻһЦƽĿڣֻزǺ޹ɿѭģңҲûڵĴȥȻֻأôһȻҪһ
һֻأ
̤޾գʵѾˣν޾գһЦΪۣѾֻأһͶССһڣһеļֻ´Խ֮ļ䡣
һֻأҲ޷ȫƿأΪǱȫͬ
һػԹۣѾļˣңһܴڵʱҲ
ǲһ֮ǰɹﵽ޾գ䴫Уôܳ׳⣡ķڣʱ䣬࣡
ֻǣϾǷ磬һֻأһȫͬ·Ҳܹ̤ͬʱ۷塣
Цĺܲãһжƿ֮УֻҪμ䣬ܻĴУһ֮䣬ܱۣϣܹ
羳أԳһ磡͸һ˿֮ɫ翴ۣȴ֪Ӧοˡ
ѵˣԼĵô˿ΪȻ۵籾޹أȻޱɱΣ֮£ȥŸΪҪͷϣ޲ɱ֮ˡ
˵⣬͸һĨâȻǸŮˣǲҲɱôңˣɱ˲ֹһΡ
һ˲䣬ļƺֻصһصǱµʱ⣬Ҳһɲǵķˣذ״һĨѪɫǷݰˡ
⣬Сħʶˣ͸һĨ֮ɫĶ뷽硣
ǣ˵ʲô
㲻Ѿµôνʼ磬۵˵㲻ϳңȴվѡ˷硭ֻȻ޷ֻأףҾĲˡ
׽ĸ֣Сħ͸һĨ޿ŵľɵԭء
ĽѾԶԶ⼫ޡ
ֻǣǷ绹۶ûٴˡ
ŷ磬ƽ˵Ҿ㣬ԣǿѹǷݼ䣬ҲĲʵӦףⲻą̃磬ļ磡ȻѾӴ˷羳أ
ȻĬΪҲ֪Ӧ
̧ͷһգۻڵܹڵʱѾˣȻѾ˼䴫УôȻɢ
֮⣬ʲôӣһ֮䣬ƿأңǿգƽڣǡûؼˡ
µ˲䣬۵Ȼ飬ϴŵ΢Цɢ֮䣡
ȻѾѷ죡
̧ͷգճѵʱ򣬱Լ޷ѹƼ䴫еʱ򣬵ʱ򣬼һ壬Ҳﵽ۷壬Լһ磡
ֻرԴûΪγʱ򣬾Գһʱ
ȻһЦСħ̾Ϣһɣ뵽ġӼ㿪ʼҾ;ãȵǱǿǣϣôô̬
粢δ𻰣ֻĬĬߣ
Զһ㽣
ٴλͷһ۲ԶĺڶһĨЦݣ̻á
ڶǻؼҵ·ֻҪ磬Գһ磬Լпܳסڶ֮Խڶؼҡ
ͷˡ

ݷϵĽԽԲ
޾ն˵һĥý۵һսѪڣ
սĵߣ˵һ޿ɵջֻҪܹһսܹﵽ̤λ
ֻǣȴȻ֣ǰģۣȴǷ硣
ֶƮƮ
羲̤֮Уһȣޱϲ
أ
΢ĬƬ̣ݷڻǿʵ
ˣĻشɴࡣ
ĻشȴݷһĨâŷ磬ƺҪжһ仰١
̣絥ֽУƽĻش֪۵ĴˣԣֻҪ뿪ұµۣ
һĨâݷĶŷ磬˵
ӦףҪɱۣ֮ĩۣҲ븶ۡݷ磬˵ħ
·Ϊӡ֤Ļԭڰ׶ɫ˫Ŀһ˿âԼγͫơ
ΣüݷЩķˡ
Ӧף䣬ͬʱλߡƽĿڣ·ֻۣǳ⻹ǳأ˿
սݷȻһĨâҪɱң
֮䣬һսδɡƺûݷеɱ絭ڣ񣬱޾֮Уһ˶ϰɣ
ЦһݷҲǲħȻҪսұһս
ʼ磬絭㻹ǵãǵһμʱĻô
Ŀ򷽴磬ݷһʱЩŪ˼ˡ
㻹ʲôδ˵Ը֮ҿ԰ɣţڣ·ݷѾһˡ
ݷȻ˼֮ʱԼ뷽֮䣬˵ƵĻضƺֻصԭ㡣
˿Ϊ裬ݷ΢΢ҡͷһ޽ǣңһ˿Ѫǡ
΢΢ͷĻشҿԴӦ㡣
кδ˵Ըͬ԰ɡݷҲż֣ʵ
ˡ΢΢ҡͷȻڵҲ䣡
һ£һĨǿҵȻϱһ˿ԥħ֮΢΢һȻһâݷʺȥ
ս
Ҫκηϻ߾ȫһս
һһΣǷ绹ݷ綼Ѿվ۷壬޾֮УҲصĻκӰ죬һսɽ˵Ǳѹե˼ޡ
ſݷĽԽʵһ޾ܻ
˻սһ̿ϰ֣߳ÿһ֮־ħ֮ļصٶܵ˼£ٸֻ֮֮ȻҲסӰ
Ľ쵽ޣҲ޵˼£
ңӵˣ֣ܿᷢһսȣ֮ǰڽʱ˵ĶԾֱͬͬŹһû˿塣
һĲǷ绹ݷ綼û˿֣
ݷ磬Խ񣬱ͬԽΪɣ۽߾񣬱㿴
͸һĨâȻУһ֮䣬콣ӿ
۽߾նһնУ
粻ͬͬʽеȻҲͬΪһǿɫ䣡
ķ磬Ȼһ۽߾ܻһȳ߽̱ͬʱ
նն⾳ննϻǣնϹնϴ
һ֮У۽߾նľն˺Ѵ޾֮еĿռ䣬ҲȻ顣
û˿ԥݷһ̤ͬʱƶ˼£Ļ⣬ԽĽһ򷽴࣡
ҽѳɣԽ࿹ǡ˵һ룬ݷȻֹ͸һĨŵɫ˵
ǷĽ˽Ҳǣʲô֮ΪһȻ谭ĴضȻ͸˷࣡
ʯ֮䣬ݷͷӦ˹ǷƽƣԸ
۽⣬Ȼǵ۽߾նȻҲĶ֣ԷֶΣҪܿһȴҲѣ಻ǳһЩСѣǣƫƫһɴĴĶˣ
һ˲䣬ݷˣ
ΪʲôҪʤʤȴݷҪġ
ؿӿһƬѪȴԴŲõЦݣգҪˣ
ݵĽ֣ͷգȴѾʼˣ޿ת񣬷ܸо˼ĴУ޷ѹȥˣѾҪˣΪѾߵ˾ͷ
˲Ϣ֮䣬СħҲͬʱ˷ļͷŵĿ򷽴硣
һֱڷߣСħȻ˭ֻҪһ֮䣬ܱǸ޵еۣݷȻʵٷһҲԲǷĶ֣ǣ񣬷ȴƫƫҪݷˡ
ǴһĨЦ⣬ȻȳһѪСħҴӦ⿪طӡģ㿴ˡ
طӡҪıһλߵ꣡
ķ硭ۣȻҪ
Ϊʲôŵŷ磬Сħ޷Ϊʲôѡ
ݷ硭ոƭģкܶŲ£ϣܰҡյգ飬ϢҲԽ΢
ݷ͸һĨ֮ɫ˵Щˣ취㣡
أ΢΢ҡͷͷˡң֪ģұҪ
Լᱻһ˿ɴȻҲѩңӡЩһзǣҵˡ
ƺͻȻʲôͻȻЦҡҡͷˣҼȻҪˣֺαǣңͷ˵̿ͣͲǣҵġ

ȥ֮˵׹޾˰ɡΨһҪˡ
ң׷ʲôһ̣ݷȻף֮ǰȻ˼ıʣֻǣЩȴôҲ²ġ
һ˿Цݣ૵һֻأǲͬ˵ϳͷ⣬޲ɱ֮ˣȴ֪ңѾ˸ǣҡ
һ˲䣬˵Ӱ
𽣬ңӣѩݷ磬Сħֻأ
һɢϵЦȴԽ
ͷ˵̿ͲǣңһҰһŮˣˣ˸ˣԣһҪ
ͷ˵ҲǴ̿ͣǲǣĸ
ͷˣҲˣ
ԸԶڷɽϣԶҲɽ
ʧȥʣʶһɢݷСħ߾ȫֹɢҲ޷תɢ
Ϊʲô磬Ϊʲô
ϡ䣬ƺСħ׷ʣֻǿѾκˣֻĵףڡ
ΪǴ̿Ͱ
̿ͣһ޿ɸĶΪҲͬԺԥ
۶ɱ֤ԣ޼ɵ磬ǣУ̫ǣңҪػ
ΪΪԼи᲻µˡ
֮̿Ͳɱػ
ͷңʲôҵĵˡҵĴ֮̿˵ǵ˭ǶԵģ
һǴ̿ͣ
ȫ꣩


걾ԣԼ֮̿ģ
걾ˣ
֪֣˻룬ǰдˣ
һ̿ͣɱ֣ԣʵעˡ
ԹǶĴ̿ͣûеյġ
̿ͣһĽɫ
۵Ĵڣһѡ۸һɱԣɱ֤Ϲɱ
ǣ粻ͬѡ˲ͬ·ͬиǣң
֮ǰ⾳ʱ򣬾͵㵽ˣ粻ԸΪи᲻µ˺顣
ҲΪЩǣң
ͷ˵̿ǲǣҵģǣң͵
ΪǣҵĴ̿ͣ㣡
Ĵ̿ͣѪ⣬ȴעǱģ
ҲдĽֻ֣ǣУֻĽ֣Ǵ̿õĽ֣
ΪɱֻΪػе
ͬǣֻӵԲϧһػĴ̿ͣ
ΩԸܼסһ̿ͣסķ磡
󣬹飡
ɾ˼ΣֵдԣϢһ°ɣ
һ֮󣬼飬Ȼãʱðݣֵ֧Ԯģ
⣬żѶ΢֤Σ
Ϣż΢Ϸģ΢ֵǿԹעһ¼ǵ÷Ŷ
ôһºɰлһ·֧ҵڵֵǣף
==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================