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ߣѩ
ݼ飺 һĶͷţůͷ
Ϊһ͵ĴԽߣźܴڵ룬Ǿи̣һȺŮţΪĿ꣬ͷ­Ѫֱǰһ죬ֹͣ˽ŲһĶر£Ҳټĺ󹬣
Ϸ˼䣬ͱȺǾɫǦΪˣͳһ£Ϊ£һм̤ڽŵףԼΪءճɲ


001 ͯ
꣡
̧ͷȥȻˣžУ԰ϿգǣٵĻиϲϾҪҵˣڹԼĿеŮٳɢԱеİĽɽǧѵһ꣬˼
ŤͷλͤͤŮһ۰ɫȹϸ񣬹ոϴͷɢ磬ϵƵıǿףʹһ
оǳȵĿ⣬Ů֮һĨɫĺΣҲջĿ⣬΢ЦпƣС䣬⼸㶼ͰͬѧôǾͱҵˣҲҪˣԺʲô㣿
ңƽȷʵͬѧ٣һжΪһտѧһѧУſڵ·һԵͷ󱻺Ƶĸͷʲôգۼȥ֪Լôˡ
ԺƸ֪Σ
ǸӣھȻұףѵĸſ˵ﻰ˵˭ˣֻ˵ûԵˣŮ˰ɵ¶ʧ֮ɫ΢΢ͷ
еԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽƵĺ¹һڹ롭
ֻ֣Ȼ͸оһᣬű޷ƺ뿪壬зȥ
ԭ߿յһͻأһƵϣһţ·һݣŮҲֻǸоǰȻһžͷƵ̱Լԡ

ѹʱ򣬾ߴŮӵүԣȱ˯ˣԱ˯
ţ۾ȷֵһƬѩ֬ļϸһеŮӵӡ
ɲǣһŮڻУͷϿ
ҳӤˣֻоԴһ£˯˹ȥ

ʮ֮󡭡
ʮģҲÿһȵɽڣ߸ռǰףǵɸǰѾΪǰ㳡϶ۼųǧİգϣĿ죬Ρ
¥ɸſվſڣԿǽ̻Ի͵ĴеĲɫڻһɵ۶ɹͼɹƣƼɴµŮӣظ裬֣޲
޻֮߹һЩˮƷе¯̴㣬̴ʹôׯ¡
Ȼ߳ɫͬʯ콵ƳգԽԽǧҵʱ򣬱Կ֮ϣȻһŮǶ̤˷
ͯˣͯˣ·۷׷ףȴ׷׹ڵأ̧ͷ
ŮӿնɸǰԶ뱳Ľ֮ڣޱ̤ɸֱǰͬʱתĿӵ⡣
ǽһ°ѣٱΣŮԴʮңǣ޾ףҲ֮ʮ꣬һݻɫˣŮСԼʮ꣬ˮȣ˫ȴޱȵĴ棬תоϲɫ
һ°ߵͷٵɸ֮ڣ˫һװǣ˵ӣǽѡĺӣĿ
ŮӲûȥӣǳ˱ķһһĽ
߻æͷǣߺȣƣ
һɫװɴţԼʮ꣬߱򦣬һ˫ŨüӢʮ㣬ֻȴתʮô򵥡
ߵĽ֮һ·СܣŮǰ֮΢΢Ƽλӣ
ŮδŮӽͷ˫Ƭ֮˫ޱ飺鷱ӣ겻ȥɣ
仰üͷ壬ԴĪĴԽ磬ȻĪĴ̥Īĵ֪Ȼɽ磬ǺһɨеƣʼжԳѡ
ǵɼҽξܾ֮ҲͿʼѹôǰʱӿͯӹģǺĵĽԺ˺ü꣬ŮӵֶûӦһЩԺ͹˰ɣѵԽ磬껹ʣ
Ѿǵαܾˣײŵӣƾ̧ۿ˿ŮĿʮС֮󣬱һʱסˣŮϸ֬ӣüīˮ˵ϸ壬һ°ۣǵԵøĶĿ̺ɣɽ˵Ŀݡ
ԾãƾΪŮ崿㵹һЩˣŮƺû㶢ӣֻظȻնʱһĨã糺졣
ȱŮ˵ȴڷ˶ӵ£ŮӶŭһɨסƵĲӣȵ󵨣
ŻȻѣϢͨͨ졣
Ա߼ˣȻ֪ʲô飬ȴҲŵùڵأˡˡ
Ůһһ۰򣬷ջأȥ
вתȥȴţʲô˲𣿲ǿһУ֮˽֮ѵд
СеļȴǱ͹ڵϵߺûֱſ£апࣺСӰ游㣬ڣҪСڣҾҪˣ
ȻŮһ˫ĺ⡣
ʮŮ̧һƣһĹֱ󱳣жٺȣ
ƺ׼˫ŲޱŤתΣ׵Ķ㿪ԷһĿŮŭǾȻ͵Ϯңҷʲô
ŮƾȻ㿪˹һ㶣ǹƵŮŭССͣȻ˲֪գȷܿӣ
ղݿӣΪʲôߣѵһд𣿷Σ˭Ǵӷ˹ģѵˣңҲˣֻһͯˣǣηֱǹħ˿壬ʡ
Ůͬʱᣬһʱ䣬ȻҲͷŭʱ˸Լ޷Զֱ졣
Ƭ֮ŮӷһڣǹֱֶƵĶͷ
һףв죬֪޷㿪æ̧˫ֵֵ

ֱƵģȻ˫ƴ̴ĶͷֻһҵʱֹͣѪȾ׵ķ
ŮӵҲ֮컬࣬Ʊ䣬ȷ˵רҵȣ粻㣬ɼϡ
ƣ߼һȴ
ȴһˣ˰Բ磬ɫװסƵļ򣬼ƣ
ƸҧŭŮıʹޱȣͷ亹ֱɲħкϣҵΪūͣ游㻹Ҫʲôʱ򣿡
סڣһֱڵص߲Ȼŭվ̧һƣ׼ƵСͻ˹ȥ
أ
Ƶɶȥֱ֮⣬źݺ˦棬һѪ
ɵԭأ㣿
סڣⲻТӣƽﲻúý̵ԼĶӣȻŭӣȥŭ׵ĺͣ
ֻתȥƵԣ̧־Ҫȥץ̴˫ƵķǷ֮ȴէһ׹⣬âһ㣬˵ƣһƣѣϸСѪףѪ
ֻüͷ΢壬û˿ֹͣץסİγעŵڣһ֣ǹֱŮӡ


002 ն
Ů˪źڣһҶȻֹͣգٲƬ̣УбˣȻҶԿͯɼң
̺ʮɱٴڵأ󣺡ϢŭС϶̲ܽܣС϶Ըлӿˡңˡǵİգ
ߣҶԱͯ񣿼ȻҪлҾͳȫ㣡Ů̧֮һƣ֮Ϲâתֱͷ
ס֣Ҫɱɱұǣ˺θɣƴһͻȻԾٴ̤롣
Сӣҹߴŭһƣһɫӡֱơ
ӰһΣĶ㿪ŮǰڵأУŮа۾룺λӣһжҵĴҲӦö࿴λһۣգӴ
ƵͻȻ仯òеŮһ⡣
ɾʱƵ˫ͻȻѸײڶ֮ƣץסͽϴŮӵĽףȻ˫Ʊ̴ƺ˿Ӱ˫ǯһ𣬶ŮҪǱо͵֧
ˣ
˫ڴߣ֧жŮʺѪע
ͯˣ˻ɺͻ֮⣬ǿ߶硣
Ƶ֮󣬾ȻٴλӳһƣֱһŮӡ
ŮӿνޱȣվӦˣ˫ż͵棬ڿն𣬱󳤽ɳĽ¡
ҲԾգ˫̧ٴαŮӡ
ŮӾȻҵֵһƮҶ֮ȥգڷ֮ϣûԲľ֮С
׷⣬ŮѾʮ׵ĸ߿ˣûߣŭĿӣ·ơ
һжڵʯ֮䣬õеӦ˸ȫɵۣãĿŵʬ塣
ûһƬž˭뵽Ƹɱͯңľ͵ˡ
е̱ڵأѪעĶŮһʱ
̧ͷſŮӣĽɱȴ޷Уֻܸɵۡ
ڷӦ֮һץסƵ󣬿첽ɵȺдȥ
ʲô
ߣߵԽԶԽã
Ҳߣˣǽһǣ
Щ㲻ùܣסҺúõĻţһӶҪٻ
Ҳߣƶ㣬ǿ
㣿㲻ߣ游Ҳɱ㣬ǽͯɱģʹ㽫еǸɱкãͯأҲһ֪ʱͬˣһǵʮգڸҹ
˵Ѿŭֱ֮һͽƸ˳ȥ
кᣬעã̧ͷ˿Ůӣȵӽҡްϸб¾ɱң
֮ƽȺʱͳӵʮ˵ĳǳأŮһֱڿβ档
һƬĸأ֮ïܵĴ֣Զȥɽɽ룬һ޼ʡ
ǵǱԭʼɭֺȺɽΧ
ֿտյķڹٵ֮ϣʱʱľĿգŮƮƮ̤ɽ棬ֵǣûжչ
ֱʮǰʮԭʼĴ֣ԾֻҪ֮ڣǿеŮӾͲɱԼˡ
Ȼǽ̤ɽŮӸ£˫ӡӷɽ֮ϣһйâֱơ
ɱңǸ߼ͯΪҵͿȥιˣƽ̤νζιâȫգڵ֮ϣ˴Ľο׶
ֻǿʼɽιâԽԽ࣬Ƭ֮䣬Ͳ˰ƽ׵ա
ɲŲæˮ㣬ÿһζΪѰҵιâ֮ķ϶㿪һ
ŮӼ޷ƣü˫һ䣬֮кȻ׵㣬׵ԽԽѩƮ֮С
ѩԽԽ࣬Բһ֮أȫѩǣЩѩŮӵǰɶŲ
һ޼ƿʩˣҲ޷㿪ȵһƬѩƵļͷֵǣԼûκθоҲû˿ĲӦ
ǰѾǰξ˴֮ڡ
ŮӼˣû׷ȥŤתٵǷɳ۶ȥ


003 ñ
Ƭ½ӵ磬ħ£ϰ˺ͷһײĴڡ
߰ΪԻΪ̡̡̡
̳ڣɱŮӣһмͯһ߼ͯȼǲɱ߼ͯġ
ǿҲֻͬȼԱȴ޷ɱ޵֮ˣΪǻɣ͵ϮĻȴһˡ
̣Ҳ֪߾ˣǷļޣħȴеȼߵĴڡ
֮ŤͷѾԶȥŮӣͷҲһЩǣΪȷɼһ᲻Źǵˣȴûаڡ
նֻһ·ǾǰȥҲûκεüĿǲܻȥˡ
ɭֵΧѾ𽥵ĶӲżһֻҰޣҲ˺
һֻɽһѻ֮Ƽǰ
ҹ٣ǺХǰһɽ̤ϣʹɽѰһɽϢ
Ȼ䣬ͷһ⣬簵ҹǣųβͣڵķж
Ȼ׷ˣ
ưһ¿ȥǰһƬïܵľǿ̾·Ѫ⣬˽ȥ
ȵǣ⾣֮󣬾Ȼһɽ
֮£ƾ̤УƾӾͷɽһʯң̤ʯ֮ŵһĳΪȳǰһá
ײײӣŲǰɽĵ֮ϣ໹һľӡ
ƽȡȥĻҳû֨ѽ򿪣ͷųһҫ۵Ĺâ
ųǰһƤǹâǴƤͷųġ
ڶԹâĺ棬ֻһͽȡ˻С
ŷ֣澹ȻƵ顣
ͷ𾪣ȫƣģһƱһ
ҪɣͱҪ׽٣һ׽٣֮ϲŻһɫ
ŵУľȻƣѾڼǿĴˡҪ֪һ׽ٵ㹻ǵɱˣǵҲԲÿΪṩɰǧȥֺޡ
֮ǰҲֻϿйļأʵȴûһмѣˣɼҶİɣ
֮ʱȻͷһӰб̶
ƻæʹʯ֮оʹһĲӰͬʱҲץסɽ֮زز

Ѿ˵ǲܵģֻҪ㽫ʹõңҿ㲻ɽõֻҪһžУΣïܵɽҰ֮УһµŮһ棬֦Ծ֮ľ֦һ֮ɢȥ
ɱˣƭɣ׷һҹʹҲܷͬŹңǰҲͷеȴһַǳӯĸоÿһ˫棬ȸһǰݳʮ׵ľ룬Ϣ䡣
ŮȻǵͯơ
ʱƵŵһиƤɵĹ飬Ƥƣдšľĸ֣ȥһ㣬ͷŵĺɫ壬Լһ֮⡣
˹Ҳɽõ
˵ͬʱҲѾķ棬ƺһ㶼Ϊǡ
ɾйħħܳߣ޲һ飬ԹħɱЩ顢Թɱֺ֮࣬ǿƥΨȰꡢ衢Ϊϣ
еĿƪɻԾ棬ɻ֮УǧԹŭ벻ս⡣
ƺеȾ΢ü¿ȥ
ᱲˣ֪̾ռ磬Ҳ֮Ƽ̤ˮһ֮䣬ɽ֮䣬ٲ֮⣬նħܣɵܣʹﵽ۷Σվɡ硢ħ̤֮ڽ£̡̡̣Ǻ涨ĵȼ·;˲Цֻ̫Աеѧ۵ƭʧˣ


004 ľ
ƷڶҳŴ˵¼ʮ̣ʮ̣ʮ۷壬֮޵֣רΣħΪУ֮ޣȴ޴ҲգһȺħƼ֮޶ɱ֮ˣߵһ֣ȴһ㱻һڽ£޷֮
ƺңδɱңһǧȫնɱȥ֮ƮȻȥ
죬أħ书ϣȻɱǿһһޡͼѰҳˣʮ꣬ⲻ֪ԼѾħһɱһǰղŻȻѣԾѾʹ֮ħԷΪ
Ӵ֮ǷϣԲ۲ţͽɽľ֮䣬ոһ긴һ꣬ȴ硢ˡѡˣԼ
ֱһգްߣ·ߣԵһȻ֮ʣľ괺ȫָ룬Ϊǿɡ
᲻ɣ֮ͬʹޣ켴Է֮֮ӵ̵̣һʱѾָѾս֣һ̤۷壬һµľ硭
ԽͷԽͻ⾳ķֱһ䣬Ϊߴ˱ӡĴţǳⱾռǰؼȥؽΪĶ
ƽμ֮Ž뻳УͷȥǰŮɽ׷ᣬƮƮѾ٣裬м֮òȵǣԷƺ͵ѧԼĲֻŤŤ֣ΪӲԼϡ
ȻͣתΣĿⶢŶԷ
ŮˣסϾɻǰʮ״Ҳͣ
㻹׷ңҴ򲻹ǲ٣ǣԶҲɱңңҵҲѧᣡ˫ָ󣬵һ
ŮգҲûɫȻɱ㣬ҲܲһղӦҵҪһձ㣡
գһΣüСŮȻɱͬţʱҶģҵһ͵Ϯ㣬ܻ𣿼Ȼ֪ɱңΪβܷһ˴Ժ󶨻౨ңѾ׷ôˣ֪֪ڿˣҲŰɣ
˵ţƱ⿪Ķ
ŮˣնʱһĨΣȻһǣһңὣǰ塣
㿴ҸҲңƾȻĽӸ
ѽŮӼͣŤͷﻹҳǰȥ
ãŻת͵ƸղڵλÿȥﻹƵӰȻŭ˿޷ԶԶ޳ܡͽӣҵ㣬һǧУ
ȴûκλ߳ŭ֮£ڿնгڽ£ֱ
ɽҰ֮䣬ɱɣԼʱ֮󣬷Ůû׷̧ͷ죬ҲʲôӰŷĿ֮УʮɹľأһƬӲݴ۰׹ɼģëȻ
ֹһᣬѰҵһɽУɽʯڷӻȡɫ
ҹһ㣬ֱףɽѰһƬɾط
ɾתħģףŻὫ֮϶Ϊ䣬ľɢžɢΪɢޣɿٴﵽ۷壬žΪֲ֮ͬ磬ֻľ۷壬൱תɾ磬־ֻǱ˸ħɵĹϴĦɣδ飬Ҫ߽֮ȴƾľ۷ɹնɱ˳ңĿŵȼһȻֱ׷ɱƴɱɹɱȻҲˣԶһѪȥⱾľԵ˵֪ϣΪߴͨĴţ
ƻǹеݣһɢ㿪ʼһһЩգʮ꣬Ŵﵽ̳ȴҪȫɢȥµ˾ģ
ΪҪ滹׷ɱʱҵԼһɢ֮󣬶ԷȻ룬Լ͵ˡ
мأòľ׹йʱ֮ڻָԭˮƽпͻԭƿģƴˣ
ưһ˫գȫȻڷһĴ죺žžž
֮һѪ⣬ȫϣѪˮϺëʹһΣ볯ŭ𣬿ֵıֻܸҧ
ʱΪʹԵĻôɲľӴԺ󻹻Ϊˡ
ľһɢƲ
صķǿбķǳĻȴԽԽ죬ǴϵľѵĴصõ˴󣬿ٵճһΪԱѪⴴˣҲգлָ
ô죿ԼһЩԾʱֻûע⵽ת֮еڴ
ڶɢƶٴɢһ糴žžֱ죬һûѪڸʹȴǿ
ƾ͸оҧʹͣǼᶨҪ費ɡ
Ȼɽ֮⣬һƵҰ޺žצʯͷļ
ޣˣͷһԼȫԡѪˮ֮󣬾ѾȻˣЩޣ϶ǱѪģѾ뵽ɭвˣָ߽ҲȻ
Ӿǣܿͳ˴ֻһŮ˵
𡭡
顭
޺һһ
ٲҾˣ͵޵ĶɣŮӺ


005 ն
ͷ죺ҵģܣԲ˺ģΪϵҵ
޲ΪвľΪֱգ֮䣬ʹﵽԭо磬ңͻƼޡ
ŮӲҽ붴С
һ̲סŮˣˣһǾֵԼˣ
нٴμӿ칦תٶȣȴ֪еһһƵٵı䰵ڣ湦һͬת
䣡
ɽʯڱ䣬һŮӵɶ֮У³Ѫߡ
ʶվΣҲ뻳УŮѾɵԣƲͷһŮǰѾѣϸѩļϻǳǳѪۣҲһ˿էй
˼һͷѾ˽¶Һ߹ɣ֫Ų䣬ɽһֱ죬գ۾͵ǰǰ֮ƣȻԾȰͬʱŮơ
ͷȻŲٲƣ̤Ķ˺ܵĹǺ֮ʣ˫һ棬ʹɽ
ɽ֮⣬֮УƵҰ޺ϣ¿ȥʮֻţľǱ⣬΢¹ƺʱ
νǰǺл
̧ͷȥȻмֻչʮ׾
һЦֲŮˡ
ʱŮҲ㿪˺ܵĹݵƵԡ
𣡡ܾȻһ
δָģӲӣֻٴζӻɽ֮ڣŮȴһһ죬ܸɣڷҲɽɳʮףһ˿Ѫ
ȻӴ󣬵ǹٶȲβŮֳײ˹ȥ
ۿŮҪںܵ£ͷȻһ˿ͬ飬ΪֻΪŮǵһ۵ĺøУ׳Ե
ңŮˣԼҲ룬ԣ㼱æɷ˵סŮ֫ڿԾ𣬺һ˿ա
ڶˣסڣ취ӣƽŮɽƺʲôŵ·
Ů仰˼ǵԼǰ·Ѿ鲻ؼ¶ͨһƬһҧҪὣơ
𼤶ҶѾˣ㲻ĻҿԶ࿴ۣ˵ţѾת
Ůæ˫סؿڣһĵ˰
㻹ˣȵֵһᣬס֮ң˵䣬Ѿ޼ѰĶŮе棬һȽһȭͷСʯͷ߷ɶܵԴ
ƺ⣬ʯʱҲֻ΢һ٣һֻȴƵͷȥ
Ƽæ̶ֱ̺ܵ˫ۡ
ҹǣǺȴҲ֪Լ㣬һѾǰȻֱ
һɣٱ任Ŀ꣬裬ںܵĶƤ˲ͬһط
ˣ
ǰûгɹһڴƵƤֱС
һ¿յĺܣӴ͵һҡڣֻ޴ͬʱ
ƻæس˫ε
䣡
˫ƴأɽʯѣҳһӣɽһζͣ׳֫ͬʱһٴơ
Դ˵Ⱥܣͷ·һӭɽ壬˸оֻΪҲнޣƤǿƣȿҪ̾ǿ
ƱٴεˣȴͯŮȻǳˣŮˣҲܻ뿪
֮£˻һ˷һ֮䣬ǾܵĶ棬޲ɵĴ˺ܵ˿ڡ
ܾ޴Ȼأ棬Ǻȴ˻ɽ֮Уһ쫷磬ŮȻ̽˫ƣͻܵ˫ۡ
ʱĺܣոأѾȫûڣֻ½ﻹлֵ

Ů˫ͬʱܵУŽżһܵͷ­ڶƮƮķ˳ס
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һĻŮͷһţˣ£㣿㣿


006 дɫ
ԭͷǧɱƣ֮ȴȻ΢Цɢĳ޷ԶǺˡ
Ůɫ壬ˣ㣬ҪҪ
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ˣѾҵĶ֣㵽ôܷŹң֮УҲһЩŭɣԼҲкøУ϶Ůɱ֣


007 
ŮƺҲѾƵĶ֣գЩʹ࣬ãŵϸң
͸˵ǲѧģˮʱΪ˶ԸЩģԴǰԣ㶮𣿲ɣ֪׾𣿲֪ɣʹ֪ôܷĵĴڸ㣿ѧ֮󣬵һҪ϶ɱңɣҸһ鵤൱ɾ쵤ֻȰȥᴿ֮ʹãղ֮Իᷢ裬Ϊڣ˵ţӸŮһö
Ůü΢ӹ澹ȻģǴɫģΪɫ׽ٵʹ֮УҲΪ󣬸Ƹ߼ɵıر֮
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ȴޱ仯ת˼ǲ֪ƸղŵΪߣҪƸ˽ҪɣҪӦķʹ¯
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Ů˾ӣջǽ˹꿪ҧһЩ⣬ľ׽ţжƵĺ⾹Ȼٴ롭
ƼˣżǺģĻ۽ɨһŮǰڰڵļϧ֮ľȻֿʼС֮Ҳһа
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ڻԼѵ˵ķ˵һʵĸ𣿡
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009 Ů
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һ죬Ƶ˳ȥһҪǺܵѹײʯ֮ϣɽʯѣǱУһʯҲ˶һ͵ѷ졣
һ֣ҪٴιƣǽɫĹײϵķĺȻ𣬽˸Ƭ֮ɢ䣬һģ糤ǹܵʯ֮С
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ŮӶٺһûж˫һǺһ


010 
ˣ˫ĿͱæŤתΣɾ޴ײʯ֮ϣҲûȥŮӡ
ǶʯеƣѾǿѪоȫƺѾɢ˼ӣŲ
Ůӿ˿Ƕʯϵƣü壬ڿնƵǰץסƵ˫ۣͽ˳ֻƱʹļ٣ֱػڵҲװİҲ˱ҳʯ
ŮȻ¶Щɬû̫⣬Ʒڹһִ࣬ӹȡһŮʽ°ۣڸƵϣ̧֮ץסƵһŮӵĴƵڣƶʱ͸оһůʣѾôʹ
Ƭ֮Ůջƣǣ
仰סˣĴ㣬ôڹײ棿
ŤͷɽһǣһĶԼ
ŮƽˮϳֳƣƺڻʲôȴԽʹ࣬գҡҡͷҲ֪ΪʲôʲôǲˣһͷԼǹײ棬ֿ֮㣡

֪ͨͨΪʲôˣŮ˵ɣ΢΢𣬺ڰ׷··ž޴ˣĿҲմƬ֮Ůӱ˫Ĭ
Ʋûдţǿʼйˡ
ǰڵõԼ޻֮󣬱ɽֻĹгһЩ⣬飬ʦΪڼ󷨡ֻܴڲ򿪵ĽףǻͶҪԼ컯ˣʦﱻţֽϽ󷨣һػң
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ѯʼ䣬ˣֻõ˵ͷҲվԥƬ̣˵Ұ飬ûʸΪһħʦ


011 ħ
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ƶʱ͸оһ࣬ޱãƺԸоԼôʵĴţԡ֮ڡ
Щź񻹿ԳԣȻķܵʹ£̰
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Ȼɳš
ħδ֮ǰͺĸӤ˵֮Уһֻħ飬ûķ޷֮ţħҲԶ֡
Ҳӡ֤ͨ˵Ǿ仰ÿһ˵жһħ
ʱӳɫԽȣΪһֻҪ֮⣬֮еħٳɳͿԺɵĽħꡢ뿪ԣʱ߼ӣҲᳬһӡ
Ϊͷų֮⣬ڼӣͿͬʱϰٸ۷ߣɼǺεǿһʮ꣬ܳôӴ
û뵽ӾȻ⣬ҵҪɶħǺԽԽء
˵ƣһʱ֮󣬸оԼǿ࣬ԭ̬ػΡ
ţѵ˵Ļǣͻɹꣿһ𾪵ã
µһζҪһҲһȻһԼԣǾͶһ㣬ǰһֽԪӤĶӦûѹС˰ɣǰеľڤ뷽
ƿʼǰеڤ뷽оڤ룬ȴڳͣ
Ȼ͸оƵԺ֮дһɾ޴֮£ʹ֮⵼ƵԺҲԶա
⣿⵽ô£ɻڳ˯֮ǰѾ˰꣬ȴû飬ʹ֮ӵǿħ飬Ҳܳ
ѵʥħ飿ٴΰͬʱ֮⣬עƵԺ֮С
Ȼ֮˸󣬵ɿɵӦԣûг֮С
һʱʱʱȥ
Ƹ֪ʱı仯ֱʱ֮ڼ١
עȴԺ֮еǸСϣһҲԻ󲻽⣺䣬ħ飿ħС֮У
ʱƵͥϸ֮УһҶһģһСˣȴ֮⡣
ȻС˫ۣڲκˣ·Աһ㣬á³һ֮⡣
֮עƵԺ֮УС˰С˵͸ƲûзȫС˲ؿʱ֮⾹ȻԪӤ֮дһССһ
С建СˣƾͷԼСƵССһƺԼһֺ֣ķ塣
С֮İ֮£ͷɳͷһ̣ƾͷһӿˣȻ۾ϣͨСȻԿܵһУԿǾȵա
ôѵֻħߣɻ󲻽⣬ȴ΢ʧ֮Сߣ֮£ϸĴСߣûצҲûƬ֮ע룬СȻĳˣԺССȫһãֻŻ³һɫ塣
˼нħ飿ɣǱѾʧȵĲһЦߵĻȼһЩңҲԲ᳤ģܳСֻŻ᳤
˴֮㻺ĽƵħС߸Ժ
˫Ŀʧƽ˼нħϵħ飬ǿһˣһҲѳΪʦֻͨħʦ㲻ͬҸоڵǳ⣬ȻΣͷųѾһʦˣ
ôǿǲǾͲˣڸоҵǳǿ󣬷Բʮһжƺǰһлл㣡мĳƺҲø


012 ۷
һЦұȷʵ⣬һ飬޵Уֱʦˣ˵УҲôǿ󲻴ͺɣһУΪħȼ̫ͣսҲֻ൱ߵе̾磡Ҫӳս㻹ҪʽȻһ㣬Ҿܵܣ
˵ţ㽫Ĵָϵһİָժƣڳ˯ʮ֮ĵһۿ㣬ҲһԵ֣һװĴԪ䣬͵͸ˣڵΪѾʹˣ滹һħķħйص֪ʶҲ棬֮Ҫúõо
ƴ۵С۵ĽӹָͨͨԲһЩ㲻Ԫô£Ҳʹȥ̽飬æлл㣡
ŴԻ۵ףݸҡҡͷúͽúõĽ㻳еǱľúõһﵽ۷徳磬ƾĻĳΪһ䣬еħ飬Ҫⵢʱ䣡
㶼֪ˣƾ㵡
Ц
ǽ費ҪﻹĿţƽȡ˫ǰ
ԼúõŰɣҪԼȥѰңסԺħһҪСΪϣ֮Գ˯ʮ꣬ȫΪˡ˯ʮꡢһŻһʥħ飬ǺǡЦһЩɬӰҲԽԽƬ֮䣬ʧȫޣ
㣿ƻæܳɽаӰ
Ҳͬһ̣ƵԺ֮кȻһΪľͼĶ׹ԿΪȥ֮Ӱ졣
лл㣬㣡оȻһʧУ֪Ϊһǳǿ󣬷򣬲ڶʱڽԼ֮ʦľ磬ɶһƴĻ
ãƲ·ضڣһʯ֮ϣɫ𽥻ָƽһľɢƾԲ
žž
ȫٴαѣɢѪ֮У˴

ʹ֮£ƳХһ裬һε籩ɢʯͻҳһĿֱʮ׸ߵɽֱУЩʯ䡣
۷γɵ
ķתۼʼ޸ڴˡ
һůȴǰ˲ȵĹЧůҲڵģ˵Ƭ֮䣬ڵľѪĴ˾Ѿů޸𣬲ңٻʣ롣
Ʋɽ˫΢գǿĵﴦۼ
֪ʱֻСһ죺أ
ԭĵɹƿɾ˵ﺣ룬ڵһ㣬ԽԽ࣬γ飬ǹůͬҲƵĵﺣ֮Уȴı࣬İɰ衭
֮ɵ֮ˮۼɺϵĻ㼯ںܣγɵı߽磬ůڹĺ֮ڣʱʱ֡
ƽ˾һƬµأľɢڴɣΪҲǴﵽ۷塣
˫ֶѾĻҳڴѻ෢ƵĲҶ
еķ磬ҲѾ˺⡣
ĩļڡ
ڵϵĻҳȫɣѾĳ䣬»ڵɫ
ֱΣžžֱ죬ڣ˫ָɫƽĿبŲٲҲ֮ǰӳȣһֺصĸо
зһգѰ꣬˵Ҳа˰ɣû뵽۷˵ǿԵֲ߶ûһﵽ˾磡
ʳָϵİɫָһָʯģʱҪģĴﵽ侳֮ħ飬ԺҵӰ죡
һƺȻ崹ֱ£̤ʯڣƽأԳգ۾ɽµˮ̶ߡ
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ȫڣë룬һ˶ߣ֫׳צ䵶˹ȥ
һתȫۼ֮У״һֶ֣ײǹ޵ͷ­
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ͷ­Ǳ嵱ҶϣӴҲɹһ࣬Ƭ̣㲻ٶѪȾ棬㼯һˮ̶֮С
Ҳڷɶһ̣Ѿ˰֮⣬Ӱ
߲ã֮б˼ֻ޴ĽϢĸ£໥Ŀ޵ʬ壬һȺ޿˶
ԴȥʧƬԭľɽȣѾ޵ˡ
֮󣬺ҹ٣ϡ
Ƽɣɭ֣ĿȥɵǵӰӣߡ
֪ôˣ
紵Ƴ̣ȣϢǵ·˫ŵأڿն𣬾ȻֱԾ˳¥˸䣬ƮȻ¡


013 س
ǳѾˣµĳΪ䣬ʮ꣬ʱڳ룬ǸɱƤϵӥע·Աȷ𣿡
·һɫ۵˹سѾ׼ˣȫҵūˣİնǵһǳ֧֣
¶ЦǵȻûзҵˣ͸Ϊʳľͺпǣ䣬٣侮ʯ߶࣬ҲԲһҪлܵƣûǷȡңҷǵĳ֮λֻϧˣҲ䲻ѧţţɴ
ǣǷ֧֣Ǹ޲ɣ
˵ͷţۣúõĿǸڻܹĽ͸ޣϾѾǸٹ̣ʱͼѺˮ֮Уȴּ⣬ȥɣ
ǣǷҵĹܼҷۡ
ֻǵתʱ򣬲ɵôסˣſڲ֪ʱȻһɫװӡ
˫ָ࿡ʣɢϵɫ˿Եĸ޳Ŀһ̶׵ĺˮȴɢϢ纮壬ʹ÷۲ɵô飬ѿڶƣ
ƣͷҲǸոմϡ
̤żţŲȣһۡ
ֻоһɽӭѹ籩겻ϵĴݲǡ
̤Ьٴȫѹưƣû뵽ͶҹҲͿȴһˣˣ
еķٺһԺ֮пٵӿ˴øֵߣΧס
ܼҷۼˣǾŷ˳Ⱥ֮ҲֱͦȵץסնɱɼҵͯΪаͷŵˣϣ
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һ֣ʮ˶ѣŵĻһʵʵѹ쫷ݲУʹˤǷɫ԰ס
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İոսֻоǰȻһӰ֮£æ̧˫ơ
䣡
α飬䵹ɶײ˺ǽ֮ϣѪֱ㣡
㡱ָһڣǰٴӰѾֵǰӱƿС
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˭Ҳܣһȣŷ䣬Ͷſڡ
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ڷ۵Ĵ£ŷĲӣ˳½ˮ֮С
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游һƽ˷ĵˮ֮УԼҲˮС
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Ҵ֮ϣţԡ
ƣ㲻û游һȫϣһʹҲѾûʲôôˣ㣬ֻҪţҾϣЩҵ߰ɣ
游ҵģΣͬٴ
뷴ȴǱľȡݸ
һЩɻ󣬿ǵ֮Ȼɫ֣˫ָǲͣĲ


014 Ϊ
á
£ƽϢ˼ģƣⱾǴӺζ
ɭõ游ھͰɣ㱾Ѿ̳ڣҹһ֮ͿԻָҺܿﵽ۷壡
ѾܴĵطˣԴɱ˵ͯͳ׵ʧȥģֵ˷ңҲȻŹǣʹҶﵽ鱾д侳磬ǣɼҿ⣿գڣԭҵЩ˶Ҫ͸ޣǱȳǸ˭ȥ
ΪʲôҪͣվʵ׼ᶨޱȣҲһ磬ֻҪܴﵽ侳磬ҪɱҲ£ʹﲻ䣬Ҳа취ɱ
㼴ʹɱֻΣֻǿƣ游ҲôңҪ˼գɼһ
游֪Ϊȫǰպãǣǽ֮ôûаĹۣҵȷˣͬˮеܣħɾǲµˮڰһһĥǣֻҪȫвٽľȥôɲǲǣ
Ŀƣһλһʵı仯¶һɽĸоҲնϬ壬˼ۻʣ˲òȥŷ棬ɰѵǿߵƣ
ҲʱȻһ
һЦԼҡҡҶңҵѾˣӦҲѾ֪˳飡游ȥǣ
塢ҶͿɽλ峤Ҳ̾磬ʵѵãǵľУҵҲռ룬Ҫµõȫǰյ֧֣ҲҪǣ㾹ܵĲҪ˺ǣ
游ģ֪ô
뿪ңĲӰѾ˳ǰĿյϣҵʮλһȺ˶ƣԡҶҲǵĴ壬λ峤Ϊ£ҲѾʮϡ
ƴ򿪣ʵʵѹɢǿ֮ڵˣᱻһξƿΪ׵λ峤΢΢ƣλ֪λк飿
һװ󣬵Ҳоӷ緶Ǹӣ̬ʮ㣬һǸ˳ҶͿɽʣĿߴĿ罣
Ѿע⵽ƣǸܵƵ֮ɫȫƵʱѾﵽ̳ڣȴҲˮеĸƼеƫۡ
ͷӦ죬ǺһЦƣ˵ˣҽǸܣ¶˳ҵרݷ游ģ
ֻĻòõǹɣ֪λʲôӹɵĿ˵֮ɨһλ峤ӣתȥ
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ƽϴŹرգػڴ֮⣬һû峤Ҳҳ
ʱ֮󣬿Ŵ򿪣ޱĴ߳˵˷׷ȥ
վڿſڣЩ˵ıӰаϼһ˾мȴûκα飬ľȷʵǳĴֻľɢķ֪ǣǱѾӦҺնɱ֮ٽžĵһ֪ǣǸӷ񣿣

žһΪΪԪ񡢱ΪȱٵĲֻǶʱԪԼֻҪԪ㹻ǿȻԶɾħıʣڵ֮УԼУħ
֮еƣ䲻ľеݣǰ֪ʶԴҲԼ⣬ﺣߵԴȪ֮Լ²óԺȣɽ׳ȫƾ赤е
ҲǸԪؾۼΪŨĵطֻҪʹþ΢ԪؾۼԴôͿγ
ν΢Ԫأͭп̡裬ȵȣЩе΢ԪغͭȲûбʵĲֻͨ˵ͭԪغ̫٣̫ڷɢһԪؾۼһǱȻӲʯǿľԿƣɾɢɾ
ȻĿԽɾɢԵУѾžĵڶ㾳ˣ壡
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ĹУȻǿҲþۼȻԪأγԵУֻǳĴ޷õı档
ʹˣһ磬ƾľҲԴﵽҲͲô۷޷ͻˡ
ƹƣľ֮ԳɹˣȫΪﵽħɵľ磬Ȼϳǻȴڣ嶴ǳ̣Ҫһ۷ߣҪﵽһûи꣬ܡ
ƻ빥Ŀ޵龰ʱԼֻǽ⣬ȴûʹûȥȻе
дϲ˲ɢӦؼԪء


015 ն
ԲʮȫıƵ֣֮УƮŴȻԪأ㡢ʣ
ƳǾۼԼԵʱ򣬲ŷԭôס
֮ǿֻЩߣͼȻʱͱСˣǿСȻԪأ޲ȻĹ˶ҪǸıԼİţ̸ף
ԭƮƮȻԪأȴûо쳣أƣ֮ٶţһ㣬һֻܼ֮ܵڵԪؾۼƴǳɢ
Ʋû٣ƴɫţһ󼤶̵̤ı־
ţֽڵ֮еȻԪؾۼһγһȭͷ壬¿˿ƿţ̤бϷͽա
ƿնԽԽԶԽԽߣֱǧգֻƿһ֣
䣡
ըףɫɢȥĿƲӿ
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ңֻҪԼ֮ӦΧ֮УԼͿıĿ꣬ǷըҲȫԼ
켶Ȼһ㣬ɡħҪ⻹Ҫˣаһתݡ
ڴ֮ϣ΢ϢƬ̣˵ﺣ֮С
ھ˵ﺣǺޱߵģҡһ㲻٣ĸԪأѰҵиأȴ˵ķ֡
ǱֱﺣףЩԪرȡˮҪأȻ³ﺣĵײﵽ΢ԪɵĿɳһ㡣
ڵ΢ԪأͿȻԪѶȲ˶٣ǿһͭھ֮£һΰĴɽ˾ţ֮žۼһȭͷš
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ȻƲ֮дһƵ޺𣬽׵Ļﴫ׼ķ˺ڣ
еİҳѾռ˳û˵׼׼ˣǷŽգڼɪɪټĳǳأӰ
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һܷ֮ɣȫƾƲĸҲνƼȸȻʧҲƾңƵֱӻֻԴը֮£ۼγĺƣȻ׹ա
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֮ٴεںȻԪأֱӾķֱγһ壬ֻͬʱͷ˿ڴ

ѪɣȻûȻ빥ͬ޴£ͽţϵ˿ٴըּ࣬ѪˮȪӿһ㡣

ţһʵƺ𣬿˫ȴȻͷųһ⣬ȫѸٸɱ񣬿йâէҫ۵پۼγһͷС壬ٴһѸײڶֱ֮ơ
ţһԤϣӭ̫һͷ󺧣ҵֵμб󷽵ȥʹӰʹţһʱҲ׽ľ巽λֻܲϵβ档
ţ֪Ѿ˾ͷܼˣڱ۵һ̣Ҳ֮ը


016 
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ըܣһֻʣ²ԫϱڵķݣһɻص˲ʱѹƤҲ𣬻ֱɢĳɳ
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ţըֱ׵һУȻд붼ڷңҵֶѾѺڳη֮Увͨձˣʱ޷֪Ʋڰˡ
سĲ£طսص㣬ţʬҲѾ֧飬Ĳˡ
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ϻҪֱ֣ǣѾڸľٻҰȥڣ˹ĵﺣ֮С
£òǰб޻ڴϡ
㣿Ǻεħʦͷ֮ȻоƵı仯Լе֮죬ŶŮһⳤɳʣࡣԶŮҲԵɽơ
ħԼħ޵ɣѵͲܳ䣿ЦһҲٺˣ˳ƽһе˳ǹץУͨģֱ볤ǹ֮ڣǹ֮ϣתһ׹⡣
ֻΪĳھ磬֮еһ״壬ûдɱµҲʾֻһ
䣿ҲܳΪ䣿ôܣ֮ɻ󣬵оս֮󣬺Ȼһ㵣ɫ˲ߣ䣿Ҫˣ
˸缲ֱۣơ
ս죬һгǹǹ˸겻͸

ɢ

гǹȻ飬ֻ΢ɣһţֱǰġ
ͷҲһ󾪻ţгǹ֮Ա飬Ϊֵסע룬ǿһ̶֮ͨǹ޷ܣǶԷơ
һֻܽʹԭһӰӲӰлӰƮȻɢȥ


017 ʹ
һ㣬ΪҲʹӿݣڶ㿪һ֮˷֮ȥ
ᣡ
Ӱһһӽӽ֮
֮ͷȻûм仹д˵ٺһգ
ͬʱ˫ӡǷɽһֶġıˡ˱ʮ
ʮɫղԾͼ׷˵ʱʮѳҲѾвӰƿնȥ
ౡ
ˣ
ֳһѳƵļͷƤһѪڣҲʹ΢΢һ
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޽֮ٺһʮѳƵͷ˲һһѳʮףһ׵ľ޽ҫ۵ϼ⣬ƾնȥ
Ƹִ˶Ů
ֻо嶸Ȼһܿʵʾ˲һ͸ԼʹʹѾˣ˫͵棬βơ
䣡
޽ֱصף׹䣬˹ɢ䣬УҲڸŵɣ·Ҳȫը飬¶ǿ׳Ҳֻ˲է֣γɵĳʹƤѿϸСѪơ
أ
ˤڰ֮⣬ȴѾѪģȫľû˰֫о˵ˡ
ˣ
ѳһһѶؿڣһ࣬ıֱӶ˵֮ϡ
߼ͯġ
ƵΪԷһĲ࣬ȻǿԳ֮Ϊ侳磬Ͼʱ̫̣δȫӦĹ֮ûУûһֵıԷȴѾɾ磬ֻɼҵ˫ԵУԿȻƣ˵߼ͯˡ
ƣƱֻڵϣԴһһ㱬ըæݹȥһƣ٣Ƭ֮䣬ûϢ
ƣƵ壬ݺᡣ
֮˼ˣգָ罣ӶԵĽ嵹գƬ̣ѪȫޣɣǱĽ֮С
ͿƬ̣֮䣬صͬʱʵʰֱӾͽɣˤ֮⣬̤ԣصעƣ̶һ̧̤Ƶš
֣ס֣֮Ȼʬ嶼ŹȻŭֱ˫ӡ
۷壿֮һ̤ŵһŻδ£Ѿ̧𣬷·һ㣬˲š
ɵأһѪ⣬ǻݣؿһӡѾƱȵ졣
ɲ֮񲻶ֻӰֳԣһ̧̤ݵǻ֮ϣЦϲģʲôǻжĹ
ûлشֻ˫絶ĶŶ֮
ߣ˵˵֮żһʹٴμء
ҽһ׷裺ĶħʹɹҲŹǣ
֮Ц뵱ûģʹˣҲĻǴţǰʹѻɾ鿴еļ䣡Ȱ㻹ʵʵң
գкĬ
֮ȻһɱҾĵ
֮һ̤Сȥ䣬ǺȻ򣬳ʹĴٴμأҲԽԽģ
֮ˣҲһջû뵽һˣȻҶˣŤͷܾۼŵЩǵߣĿⶨԡҶ峤ϡ
ֻö֮Ŀ·һ꣬ͨͨȫ˵ҵȲûҵĹ򣡡
˵ʵ֮һ̤ˡ
ÿһţ·̤˵࣬ʹɫ԰ףæûǰգƸʲôɢֹֻҪɢȥй֪Ҳ⣬ӵķȥǵĹöǣԾ͡
ںδ֮񲻵彫˵꣬ٺȵ
ͬʱһڼңڼ
ȡ
ǣǣ
ЩѾŴ˵ؼУһᣬȡ飬д沢ûвľ⼸֣ɢ񹦣
Ƶʱ֮ôҲԷһ
֮񷭿󣬷ּʹɢɣҲ۷壬ܴﵽ侳磬ٴŭֻƾⲿ侳磿ţ
ˣĲ֪ҿ϶ǲԸ⿴Ҳﵽ侳磬ֻһ֣Ŀ϶Ǳ˲ˣǱ߶һ֪ĵͬʱҲֱָ̧ۣЩ


018 ħ
Щˣŵ˲ΡΡһȹ򵹣ˣҵҲ֪侳磬ûи˵飬һǽе˴棬ֻػ⣬ʲô֪
֮üȡһɫԲָƮһû˲ɫԲ֮ڣ֮˫Բ֮дһѶϢʦǳԳ侳ߣһתڵս£ֻǱɱӵģĹпѾȥʦ𶨶ᣡ
ʲô侳ߣԲ֮дһϢԵ÷ǳȡ
ǵʦ𣡡
ȷħ
Բǣ
֪⹦
Ӳ֪ﵽ侳ǳҲǰǰɱλͯƣѾɱӱǳ˵Ҳ˶ˣӴ㽫ţúõıʣ
ţ
ô죿һ׿Դﵽ侳Ĺȥ
ȫɱǵˣһҲȽҵ˽úõѲѲ飬ܲҵĹȻһ֪ͨħ壬ȥǣǻԸȥģ
ǣʦ𣡡
֮˫ƽת߼ͯ˵ȥѲÿһ䣬ܲҵǱ
ǣŮͬʱǷ̤ɽƮȥ
֮΢ЦһϢԣһץһͱ˹۰׵ָסľͷ˵˵˵
ҧһԡ
ǰɣ
ͷһƫ
һָͬסĲӣ˵ÿһ䣬ɱһˣҵҪܳŵã˵˵
ɲ
һѪ״ҡ
ʱ͸о֮У·һͷŭҰڲϵ˺ҧƺһһȼţһԽԽģĻ꣬һһɱʲô˷صŭ档
Щ˶ʿˣҲˡ
ǰɡǰɡ
һһȥ״˵ƣ졢ءħ
ҡһᡭɱˡ㣡һһٵǻ˵仰
ɱңҪ֮ЦһɳʣӰ䣬ʣµʿȫնɱ
ͬʱҲѾѪɺӣͯŮӣѲ鲻֮Ҳɱ֣һʣһĨɱ
ԼСʱ֮󣬶Ůͬʱɻأ֮ҡҡͷ
֮˫üһ̧ͷ죬һѪŴʷƮ˶֮ԣѪ£ʮλ£Ƥ۵ˡ
ͷŮӣһһ١
ʮ꣬磬˫üҶëҪͨ˳Ķ࣬ͦ촽ޣܵʬѪʮЦ⡣
ʮ꣬ơѩĿ㣬ֻʱ̴аЦ˵Ŀ֮УҲڸǵɱʵֻǸʮСѾͷ
ŮŮҲдС
һˣҲħһ㣿ȻɱôˣͷŮЦ
֮ԶԷҲȤɫ֮һ˿ᣬҲ˵ץ죬Ҫڿնȥ
ţŮӶٺһ
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ͷ㲻ܴߣ
ΪΣ֮ɻѾջؽʵĳһƺʱҪһ㡣
ûΪΣܴ߾ͲܴߣôҶ֣Ů˵ͬʱ˫֮Ҳһźʦˣ࣬ƾССһתɣȰ㻹ǽ£
֮Ůӵע֮£ֻоͷһʹƺʲôдһ㣬һ£ˤ档
㣿֮𾪣ȴͣڿն𣺡ߣ
λ߼̤ͯɽŶ֮ϸ߿ա
ŮЦһĿϡ
ΪҪͷŮԵŮɻ
ûзͷѾŭֻһǿɴﵽһħľ磬ظղǸһŭ򲻻ʹĵ˵زúõ˵ΪħãɱһɱȺɣ
ǲҪǣ
ȻһδĶħֻһߵˣǿɱʹγΪħŮ˵ɣŤͷˣɱȻɱһ˭Ҫ飬
ʮͬʱӦǣһɫȫѪɫ¿ȥ֮¶һ˿Ц
ԡҶѾŵ˫ȲҪӣ˫ȴʹŲŲ
Ӱ׷ͷأ峤Ҳ⡭
⸽ɱ֮ɢȥɱĿκһˡ
Ѫɺӣ޺ŭϡ


019 ħ
ǣ˶ڱܣΨĸŮԭز
һħ־ѪǰһŮȥ
ŮӲҽһۿżſڵأȴƴתΣˤħ˾ٵҪ£ȴŮӵĻдһӤĿ
ͣ˿Уħ¶һ˿ʹ࣬˫ü´Ӥ
ɱˣħ˶ߺȻŮӵ
ħ˲
ɱˣ

ħ˻æҡͷŶߵ
һ̣͸оʧȥ˿ƣֹͣյѪƣֻм´ӤϣӤĿٴ󣬿ѪȴһһӤڡ

ħ˳һХֻоգȻħȴȥɱ̫޹֮ˣ÷ǰȴֻһ໴Ӥµ֣ӤȴʵʵڵԼĵ£ȷȷʵʵԼɱ
𡭡ħճ裬˫Ŀͨ죬ϵХƺҪŭҪǧĲͷ塣
ꡢ࣬ѾգȴԽԽǿʹѪֱ졭
ԶǾδŮӵЦһﵽħβһʮˣѾʮͻˣȽȫǵ˶ɱ֮󣬲඼ͻ˰ɣ
㿴Ůһָ
ʱ˫Ŀ֮Ѿ죬ѪˮͨëǸѪҺȴƼصţǡӡѪغϣҲٵĻָ
𡭡һɤд𣬰ɫƼĽ£ɫע·ĸŮ
˲ɱЩˣŮƽ޲Ц
δ𣬶ǽĿԶЩɱȫǰյħˡ
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һҧѾѪȾİ׷էλһѪӰЩħˡ
Щħˣ󲿷ֶɱ¾֮ͻƣһԵɻ
ǣȴκλᣬ˫һۣһѪɫǹУȻǰݳ磬һħ˵ڴĶ
ţӰԴץסǹһħ˷ȥ
ΪʲôɱǵˣŮɻ
ҲǵˣɱɱˣɱԽ࣬ħԾԽǿ˵Ժħ廹˶һأŮӺЦһ̣ɫȻƣ˾Ȼ
ŮҲĿѪȾ۵ϣҲԿ϶һ֮ǰƾް
֣֣û뵽ƫһǵУȻôصȻĶĹħĹҲƣȴްħУŮָ̬΢Ц
ѵ˴ﵽ侳磿ŮǺǰ߼Ƶԣ
ӦˣҸоĻָĺܿ죡Ů˵ͬʱĿȴŤһԣٴηһЦʲôˣǲҲóˣ
һ˵ŮӼЦԫϱðһźһ£ѪɫŮӡ
ǺˣڿƵŮһ
ˣ·ˣѣŮӺѪɫ˫ֺȻצţ֧ʬһץֻһĺɫţһзɳ
һţ𴫳ɫţвʣ
ŮӼЦţ츳ȻϽף
ЦŮӴиָϻһξѪţüģţֻţ̤գͭͷųɫâٴηţ
ߣҪŮ˫֮кȻŻͼһ̣ɫţܾȵĻǽ
ţ󣬾ɵֵסŮӵĿƣÿһͼǽյĲҽУѪ˳ûţ֮УţٵʵƬ֮䣬Ȼ»ûʵţΣǽҲ֮ʧ
ħŮɫ䣬ȻҲˣ
ɱˣջ꣬ɣôɣ
ֻջꣿߣֻջ꣬Ϊ˷Լǧ޵õһྫѪշţǣħŮӶٺһͬʱ˫ѾԽԽɫ˺⡣
ΪԷһжûãɲҪˣҿ޷εĹ
ħѪǲǶҲãħŮӷʵͬʱȻӿȺѪ
ŮӼˣٵˣһ֮䣬ȻŮԣһźͽŮŶٺһħŮǲҲҽŮ飿
ңħŮ߳һħŨѪƣֻԼԼӰ
ӴҾ㿴ҸҲңŮĺУŮӵ
ħһŮӾþδƺΪѡ


020 
֪е뷨ǲǾãʹɱŮҲ޷ͻеļޣŮޣҸ㣬ԺҪƭˣħ飿Խ׽ˣԽҪɱħķ׵Ϊ׷Ľ׵Ĺߣ
Ҫ䣬ҸԸ׵ķĽ׵ĹߣףɱŮɫ֮дŮ
ħŮգħȻԽԽȫڣ̾Ҳ飬Ů
ллˣдŮӵͷʵţһһţͷ˸С
ħŮӼˣͷһҪΣ
ʬҲҪߣˣͬʱҲŮƳͷţԶ۶ȥ
Ů¶ľɥŮʧˣ
ħŮҲһЦŮ㷢ʲôһѪֲΪΪ϶֮ϣǿǶɹֻ̫ǳħȻ֣ʹΪﶼһס㲻ѹ
Ů˵ͷΪʲôҪǸꣿ
ǿе꣬侳ߣڹԪ½Ѿܶûгֹˣ꣬϶һ㣬ȻˣǾͲòˣȻвԼħɲںὫһϢڵЩ˾ˣȥڰɣ
ĸŮţһŮ̧ͷһͷˣ
׷ȥˣߣŮ˵䣬ǹһ磬Ůһͬգβɵķ׷ȥƬ֮䣬ʧǵϿա
ͷ˺ţƣֻѾħû⣬һħɱ֮󣬲΢һЩȻܷŹԼʬˡ
ŮӵٶޱȣһߣƬ֮䣬׷̽һ֣һľ޴Ӱֶȥεץס
˫Ѫ죬ŤͷĸŮˣſң
ŮȴһЦ׷ϵģһħɣ
룡˫ȭգѪܱͼѡ
ߣɲ㣡ŮŭһڷɶȥƺǴӰ֮εϵűŭһȥ
ٵƣһŴϣԭѪģѾʼ֪ͣʱоȻһʹ̲סΪԲŽѣ˫¿ȥһƬ
ưһɢԭʱֵҹԼһ棬ƺһıԺԺľɽУȪˮˮʹҲ
ӣԼȻСˣҲϸͥеԪӤʹġ
ûüͷ˲ľҲĻָţΪǿٻ
Ⱥķ֨ѽһƿ̤һλİɫѵŮӣ⻬ˮüëϸһ˫۾ĸͣҲͶʮ꣬ڴɻĿԼʱ΢΢һЦˣ
ǣ
ˣŮЦ
ƴӴȻɺѾ޴󰭣Ůӵԣһ񣺡лл֮
Ҳ֮УңԼĹ
֪游ΣΣ
ŮҶü游ѾħӦûᱻħڣ
ħסˣԼĶ䡣
Ůӵ˵ͷҲƭģӦѾ˰ɣħնɱ
ܣŭһŶ
վסŮһ͵ƵǰŲŶ㣬ҪȥҲҪ˵򣬼ʹȥкãʹ㲻ȥڵҲػᵽѰ㣡
գ˫еŭʧйƤһ㣬̱ڵأʱЩڣӦɱͯʱԼһ̣ǾͲģ
Ů΢΢ҡͷ̾Ϣϣ½ĹУħŹ㣬ҪҪСģ
½ĹУΪʲôסˡ
Ԫ½ǲģȴǣȻɵĹУ
䣿Ϊʲô
⻹ԼȥѰҴ𰸰ɣ
ǸɣΪʲôɱң˵֮вžȵң˭֮У̧ͷվԵŮӡ
ܻȥԺȻ֪ģȥҲû֪ıҪʱǰȫģҲ̫ͣãңȰòҪȥ˺ˣֱȥȣ
ȣ
ԶĵطڵΪҲҪܴ꣬󣬾ֻһ½ܻŸϵȣôͻһµ˽⣬ʱȻ˴ȥһߵ磡
ԱϣŮӻͷֿһƣɨһƴĴָϵĴԪ䣬̤⣬ιԺеһͷţһŮһţʧԭأͬʱƵԺ֮ȴһͷȵĵͼ
ҴһŮĲɻء


021 
֮뿪⴦ľɽȣûмڻȥΪ֪ķʲô飬ԼȥҲı䲻ʲôˣͬһҹҵǸɽȣӴԪָȡһӵľᣬΪħ
Ԫ䣬ǵʱѾʹ򿪹ǱľҲ˴ԪУĿռ䷿ô滹һЩᣬǵȼȽϸߵʦħΪﲻǸΣ޷ʹá
νħħ뿪ĺҲÿһħʦҪѧϰͨħ
ƾǿֻ֮Ƭ̵Ĺ򣬾ͽһħѧˣĬ䣬ħ飬ԪӤͨͥ壬һƵ壬ǰ
ħ飬ͺһͨħ鿪ʼȻԪأ쳣ֱһյĹһĴָСʵ壬ʹƾԪӤҲѾ޷ʹ׳ˣΪħȼ̫ͣܳܵȻԪطǳ޵ģﵽٽ֮ǿмȻԪأħ޷ܣͻԶɢ
ƾսֻǿԸߣʹֱӽ깥ЧҲ󣬷ᱻַɣϾ츳̫ͣϸĴš
ħ츳һԷΪȼʥʡˣÿһȼַСȼȼԽߵħ飬ɳٶԽ죬ǱսŻǿһħˣΣҲһħΪ˵Ķ֣츳Ĳ
ɢȥ壬䷵Ժ֮С
ħĵãƽԪָ֮ееһ鼮˳
ֻһͨͨװ鼮鼮㲻ϣϵ֣Ҳñдȥģߵ䡣
޻ΪεΪħޣÿһħʦͨħԵУԺʹȻеЩħǩԼҪħ޺ǩԼΪˣԼħ츳𣬾ͱҪԼħ޵츳ħ츳ԽߵʦǩԼħͻԽ࣬˼һʼʥ߸񼶾Ÿ
һ߿һߵͷϿɣͨʼǣѾһʦıʼǣҪԼħ飬ֻѡЩޣǿɱħޡ
ҲѾ֪ħ޵츳Ļ֣츳ԽߵħޣΪҲͻԽߣӵʥ츳ħޣΪϵƿֻҪ壬ΪҲɱȰ˾żӵ츳ħޣ֮󣬱ɳΪ֮Ǻεȿֲ
֮ϡ
ֻҪΪħ޵ˣô͵ڶħӵ˾ԵĿȨ꣬Խħ޵֫⣬ħеһЩ츳ԼħɣΪã
ǴмΣյģһ˵ħ飬ģħĵȼעˣǿиԼħµ츳ŵĺпܾԼħʧһŪãԼı궼Ҫ飡
𽥵ˣи̾˵Լó˯ʮΪۣʥħ飬֪ʥĽ׵ħ飿ҵֻ˼н׵ħ飬ħ飬ֻһֻ츳˼½׵ǩԼʹˣҵħҲǩԼˣҲ˵ֻһħĻᣬЩħȼߵˣȴӵиĻᡣʹɺ֮ںϳɹˣҵħﵽ˼߽׵ľ磬ʲôأһ޷ӵʦս
̾̾ȻԽƾûдŹΨһһλᣬǿһһ㣬¹ۿš
ôľ飬ΪǵıħͨħħĻͲϵƣܵħ츳ĵȼƣҲͿκμħʹǵħ޷ɸħ츳ȼħֻ꣬Ҫܹǩ㹻ĵͼͬԼħޣӶ㹻ħ飬Ҳǵħ鲻Ͻֱħ߼𣡡
ֻϧҪӳ֮ͱҪħ飬ҪħҲҪͨħ顭
޷ħ飬ΪǵħѾʧȴ꣬ǩԼħޣʱ룬ϸħһˣҲܵ꣬Ҳδһ취ֻϧȴûܳɹ
ҵԪӤħǷֿģ߿ԷֱԪӤǩԼޣӦòħ츳ȼưɣֻ޷츳ȼߵħ飬ⲢҪΪˣҾԺŪһЩԼħޣǰҶԵС˫ޣмˣɽǱɽȣɭ֡


022 Լ
𡭡
أ
֮Уһͷߴɱ۾ԳƵһըɣҶϴƬľ֡
𡭡۾ԳѸ𣬲ʵŭţȴҶٴιˣֻǸ߽۷ޣȻֻһɶ׽ٻ侳ƶ֡
ĶűħԳɫĳëӰűȻսܣɲԼһƾͷųԼħ飬ûеȻԪأһƵĹâͷ
ͨħ飬ƵĻħԳԺȥҪ֤һеݡ
ȻħԳܾƵħͷŵĻ̽룬Ŀⶢͷһ˿Ĳм
ԳͿƵħΪħʹɣҲĶ֡
δȻֵԪӤѹ籩γɾ޴˲ƿ˾Գľϡ
Գڸܵ˵֮ѹ֮ͽͷȥڵأҲ˿ķ
ƽԪӤ֮ʹħ֮ͼ̽Գʱ򣬾Գٴΰͷ­ͲħͷŵľĴԡ
һĲҵħΪʼдǶԵģԳƺԸľĴԣʹħԪӤͬһҲУ
ңƻԼħܷӳ֮Ҳ޷ǿƿԳľϡ
ʹƿҲûãΪҪħҪħĸԸУǿƲˡ
ҵħȼ̫ˣѵģͷԳֻʹԪӤ˱ˣϼűħԳҲ츳ΪħӦò⣬ԪӤǩԼɣ
뵽ҲѾ¶˾ģԼµģҪĸԸĳ꣬ݷ䣬ԼһξѪͿԼˡ
ʹԪӤ֮뵽ԳԺ֮УԳԼ˼֮󣬾ԳȻû˿ķԡ
ŷҧʳָһѪգ䣬һɫâͽһξѪ˾Ժ֮С
һ˲䣬Գ֮еһУƵԪӤ֮ڡ
ܵԳ֮еϢ֮ҲԵ÷ǳľȣΪȷʵһֶԾԳȫƿصĸо
ȥΪץһСߣ´˵һ
Գͳĺһתȥʱ·أǾ֮жһһ˵ߡ
ţ˼н츳ˮߣҵħȼ࣬ҵħӦÿɣٴͷԪӤ˲ƿˮߵľϣʹֱӾǿС塣
˿˿
СߵһȻΪ޷ƵȴҲ֪Լһ壬ǿ϶ͻˣҲͷ˲ɵ
Ŀ޸飬ˣɱߣһǿߵ磬޷ʵģǳһںԼħ޵츳Լħ޾ͻȥҲҪô
Сߵְɫ͸״̬ƵĿ֮£ǰ
һ̣ƵħҲԺСſͿʼС߰ɫꡣ
ûдСߵֽ⣬ֱȫֻ֮ке츳֮
ǣ벻ǣͼСߵ뵽Լħ֮еʱħ龹ȻֱɢԪӤҲһʹ
ֱӾ;һʹҪϵĴ˸ӿֲ
ѾԪӤҲ㹻ǿ󣬻ãȫѣٴθӦԼħ飬ħһδԪӤ֮
ħ飬ǱɣֻҪ겻ħͲʧʹ͵սʱ򣬲Сı߳Լȼ˸ɢˣҲһԻָ
ɢˣȻܵԴ£߼궼пܣᵼΪ½Ҳûпħԭ֮һ
ֻϢƬ̣µħģˣһжֻΪӵһԪӤ
Ҳô򵥵ģ֮ô׵õֻһһˣ
ƽС֮е֮ɢȥֻ̺츳
СߵУСߵļ䣬Ұ޵ı֮һȫɣƵҲĲӰ죬ʹǿˣҲֻƵ겻ٴ࣬ӡԺҪͺˡ
е츳ʼںϣںϵĹУԵ÷ǳСģںϵٶȣһֱԪӤܳܵʹ෶Χ֮ڡ
һһҹСߵ츳ںϵĳ̶Ȼ֮һ
ɴˣҲò̾ƾɱʦԪӤħ츳ٶȻ˻ֻһͨмħʦأںϵٶȣ϶ҪҪٱ


023 ħԳɽ
֪м츳ںϵģҲֻѡԼħеĳһ츳ʹˣҲҪķѺܾõʱ䣬ȴںħеȫ츳
ҹӦÿںϣټϢʱ䣬ӦòɣЩ죬ɭֶһʱ䣬ħ֮ٽеʱȥţϳȥǲµˣ;ܵ󷵻ǣ
ţħȼķҲ˼飬һȥ
򵥵գڳɹĽС̲ص츳ȫɣһεħʱҲЩļħɹĽˣﵽ˼߽׵ļһβˮߣֱǹһ
һ޵ħأƿǰħ飬аڸΪǩԼԼ޵ǡ
֮ɢǷԲʮһǰͷԳһֱڸǱţͬʱҲΪЩȼߵ޸ҿ
ȻƵһɽ֮̽鵽һֻֻһЩɽףȫƵƬɼβͣԼһҡ
Ԫеֶ˼߽׵ģӵһķ츳Ҫߺ򶴣ʯͷԴ͸ҵħҲ˼߽ףÿɣҽ⴩ɽ׵츳ںϵҵħ֮Уҵħ᲻ףϲֱ֮ƿɽ׵ľŴɽ׵꣬ǰѾʹ
⴩ɽ࣬ͷβ屾мƣһεȫ츳Ҳ֪ɽ׺Լħߵ츳ںһ֮󣬽ͳʲôĹʹͻƵҲ޽ӽƾħ飬˲۷ˣر֮֫ħħ޵սҲ
ڴ츳ʱɷǳĻңһθ츳ԽߣںϵľͻԽ
֮ƽյ˫Ȼͷ֮ϣһɫâһһĴɽͷ
ûͻƶԼħ飬΢ʧħѾͷβɽ׵֫βĹ
ڵħ黹޷ʦĻܵȫȻԪأ޷ӳʦսֻǸ߼ħʦɣһѡʲô˼Ȼػ޵ľߣ
Ȼ֪޵츳һܸߣҵһľں꣬ﵽҲӦò£
룬
ħջԪӤ֮Уȴڿն˸ߴɵľԳͷԳڴ֮ɽҰؽ
֮ƻصٲɽȣħ޿ȴһꡣ
һʮ׵ľӵ˼߽׵츳ͱ۾ԳһǸ߽۷ޣֻǾԳмǱȴд
ħԳɽػɽħɣң츳Ҳķѵʱ࡭
ʱţѩ׷ɣɭ֣ĻѩǣնޣҲѾʧɽٲҲұϵǴֳɱ׶Ǻˡ
һգǵķˣһŮǵٶȲ죬̤ɽͬʱҲ죬һ˵ʦ㣬ôˣûҵƣҾӦѾˣħڵˣпǹˣڣʲôߣҸţǸħŮʦɵֵģܻƤӵôɾˣ˵ˣڵǰѾ˵ˣǵ˸ûо˸ܾƣ
ŮѾ꣬಻̫ʷǷľѣ·ϵעǰȻʦҵȾӦúúõѰÿһطǰӦþǸˣ֮ǰ˵иΪ֪ڻڲڣףɽ٣
ҲǰԭͻɵգȻܲƲγһֱľ޴̣񲻼Ʋ֮У񱩵ɫϵ˸ƺھۼȴʱ·ĳһɽٵһ
ʦ㣬ط˵һΪʲôɽٵޣһʿʵ
֮ǰǸѾˣϾȿ˵
˵ͷ׽֮⣬ɽȴʮҡ
𣡡
һߴɵıħԳ˫ȭգë֮ϣһɫָǣ̧ͷ죬кһȭͷСıɫ
ǰɡ
һ쳹صһ첲ֵն䣬ûգݺݵŵ࣬ʹʮ֮λɣҲһľս


024 Լռ
׽£ħԳҲͬʱͷŭǾۼڿеȻڣ׵ײһ

ֱӺ飬δüɢȥǵѾħԳͷ
ǰɣ
ʱ·һ̱ħԳ缴ˮϸСƣƲ󣬺Ȼѣɫ׵ħԳƤë֮ը
һ죬ѪŷɣζħԳɫë֮ȼħԳҲǿѪˤڵء
һ̣Ҳ˫ħԳ괫ʹ࣬ĸӦԼԼȻһ˿ɢļ
վͷֵ¾ۼħԳҲë֮ۿɼٶ³ëֻëȴˢѩƤɫ
ˣħԳȻһ㣡Զеλа
ʦ㣬ҪҪ֮ѱΪԳûѡηɱ䣬ԺȻΪһԼħޣһ˵
Ůӵ˵ͷţħԳʹԺ޷κλԵ޷츳ҲԺɵĴﵽħ޵ľ磬ߣ
˼ɶȥգ֮䣬ħԳͷ
ħԳˣ˫ɱ֡
еͷȴһ㵣ɼңһתɣһתɣ
ֻһתɣȫһսתɾͲͬˡ
ԳѾﵽħ޵ļʱħԼռˣưһħԳȡϵ˻ͨħԳĿƣħԳ꣬һʽƵǰĬأããǳֻһ޻ΪѪ׼𿪶죬
Ŀռ䣬һϸߣϸһΪȴһƬ·ռѷһ㡣
˫ֽ裬ӡϣһξѪշһͬ˿ռѷ죬ԭ޹Ŀռ䣬ͱǰֻȴ·ʯ̳Ķ
һȴдϲͷһʹʦħԳɽٳɹһ̣ħҲɹĽˣںϾ츳֮Ѿʽﵽ׵ħ飬Ҳ˳ɹʦ硣
Լռ䣬ҲΪԼħ޴ĵһ֮أҲ˵Ϊн飬ħԳǩһԼħԳʱص˲룬ֻħԳȴ޷룬ʱ޷档
ʱֻˣԺΪ֮һҿԽԼռʺڵأƿŽħԳĿռ䣬ħԳ깵ͨš
ħԳϲѾһЩǣ֪ԼռԼħ޵ҪԣһֻҪɢֻҪһͿ˲Լռȡϵÿռе˲صԼռ֮Уһ˺Ա⡣
أ´Ϊٲ´е˾ҪħԳˡ
ֻħԳЦ˫ԻգգȴԽԽԭѾԼռ֮ڣµֻĲӰ
˼ˣһ㶣ɫȻȻΪɼңȴ޷Ūô£Ϊɼҵħ޸ûκεԼռ䣬޷ǩԼ
һ̣Ůӵ˫ͷȵķ򣺡ˣ
ʦ㣿ĪƣҲˡ
׷
˽¾޽âէǣٵĶڴ
ǳԾǣѾһˡ
ˣ
ɽ棬˾ȻͨŮӷƵ١
δʦ֮ǰƵħ츳ֻ֫츳ǽʦ֮Ʊ˵һԪ츳Ǿݡ
Сߡɽסһ򽻵Դ򶴸ŸԵɫ۵һ̶ȣڷʱ䣬һԼıʦ
㿪˵׷٣ڵصǱУеķҲǣ֮ǰҪȥһţڵĵط
ڵɽ壬ʯᾣջҰҶǻҺɫžһжǰš
ƴӵصðͷԪţ̽ǰһ޴ޱȵɽɽʮɣҲʮɣڲϵĴ׵ĺħɽʯⷭϣ麣ڶγɾ޴ĿС
ħҪǠţӿ£ƺʱͻһ٣ڵȴŶ׽١ưһĬĬǱ˵صס
£Ĵƾħ顢ħԳԼ侳磬϶ʤԷȴԳ׵ѱħޡ
ǹҲʱˣڵصף¶һĨЦ⣬Ǳ뵤Բ״


025 ǹ
ħưһںߺʹɽ׵ĹѾ뿪ħ飬ĵﺣ֮УԲΧת
ͬʱԪӤҲȫֻԲ䳤һͷϼĳǹ
ѵʱ䣬հˡ
ע˳ǹֻħתڳǹ֮ϣǹоޱȣ֪ħܲںһԵĻ϶ҪһĶࡣҵħҪδǰͼΪҵħ᲻ɾһͼڣ
һ룬Ƽѡ
ڵصףһƬռ䣬һۣһ˲ɫǹԶģʹôȻԪģеƣֻȱħ顣
ħ飬Ƶһ֮еħ˲壬Χǹ֮ϡ
ֻȴߵк϶ȲǺܸߣħֻܻƣȫںϡ
ʹˣǶһʱҲһ޷Ĵ
ΪҪԼǹΪұǹĴУСƼû뿪ǹ顣
ջħ飬ɢȥǹ뿪ص׶Ѩɽ֮Ǳ룬ɽʯ֮ڣ˫ұ֮ϣڵɽ֮Уһֻ޴ħޡ
ħһë峤ɣ࣬ʨӣββ޴ɽ֮Уͷ­ǰצС˯֮䣬ǿķ籩
սһۣһǿѹ
ȣǽӽɳħԵ÷ǳСˡ
ұϵ۾޸ûʯУƬ֮䣬ƾѾǱħ·ʯǹʯ

ס磬ǹкëʨ޵ĸƤ룬ֱС
𣡡
ħ޹ֺһʸɢŷǻ˵صס
зһ֮ѾȻȥħҲѾųǹĹɫʨ޵ľ˳֫ۼ׵ʵߡ
ʨ޵ĺҲ˶ֹͣ
һ̣ʨ޵ǰѾ˳衢ɫƣһʳǹǹǰ̡

ǹʨ޵Ķͷ֮ϣֻϧһȴûЧΪʨ޴ʱѾӳȻɿԵתȫڶͷγһƬ֡
һɣǹֱ֣ʨ޵ľۣͬʱ˫ֽӡһԼٻħԳ

ѾﵽɡޱȵİëħԳƾճ֣˫̤ڵ淢һ죬֮˫۾Ȼֱӱסʨ޵ͷ­ڳһ֣ƴȫʨͷ
˫սȫһȫƾԵС
Ƶħצɲʨ޵ľʹʨ޷ȫʩչٶҲΪСټϱ͵ϮˣѾ·硣
ħ޵ս൱һʦħԳһħޣƱһģߺһʹʨǼﵽٵħޣҲ֡
ſ£ƶٺһǹ׼ʨ޵Ϳȥһһһһٶ
ʨޣһ죬һȴ޷ӣһ֮󣬲òԵڵأƤҲѾѪȾ졣
Ϊֱһ̣ͷųԪӤ籩ͻκʨޡ
ʨԳư֮⵽ƻǿн֮ȴһϣֹƻĽ롣
ƾ޷ʨȣһʱ޷ͻơ
ֳֳǹ̤ʨ޵ͷħԳİסʨ޵ͷ­ֿ˿еĳǹо̫۸˵ı³һ֣䣡
ǹͻһ鳤׵İשðש׼ʨ޵ͷһҡ
שԴǰʡ
ء
ŰǿħޣҲҪβɣνϸǲơ
Ƶеǹȴɻûһԣ״뵤ǼƵģҲųΪϷʶֶΪ
ٴνͷţݿĽʨ޵ǻҵ꺣֮С
ʹûɵһóǹСˣƿ˷ˣֱʨ꺣УһͷСʨӣںϣΡΡĶǰӰ
꣬ΪҿֻһƴϢĳǹָСʨӡ
СʨӶųǹ֮вʣκȻ黯꺣ӿγΡ
ౡ
ƴŭǹһһ̣֮һ׶ֱСʨӵͷ
ͬʱ꺣ȻһʹСʨҲ㣬ԭʨ޵ıħԳĻʹʨҲ޷ٵԼȫˡ
곤ǹǹ˸ϼ⣬ƿɲʧܵСʨӵ꣬С
ֱʱʨƺҲ֪ٷǾֻһˣԷԪǳ⣬ȻһֳֳǹСˣԾͳ׵ĳ꣬СʨҲӰɳǹĽ롣
ֽӡһξѪʨ޵Ժ֮Уʨ޵꺣һƲл꣬뾫ѪһͬǶСʨӵĶͷһģɵԼ˵ʨ޵ıѾȫܵƵĿơ


026 ͵Ϯ
һоƳһջħñħԳҲֹͣëʨڻָɣʼ޸ڵĴˡ
Ļָǿʮӣʨ޾Ѿĥ̰Ĵۣơ
Ϊ㿪Լռ䣬úϣƵʨ޵꣬ӡһأããǳֻһ޻ΪѪ׼𿪶죬
һһռ䣬ٴοһԼռ䣬ֻԼռȴʨޣʨȴһų⣬ʨȻϲκȻʧԼԼռ䣬Ȼ֣ƤƵǰţټǲ
ȥߣħ´޲ΥԼռ䣬ƱҲǱɽʯ֮С
Ƭ֮һŮƮɶ룬ɽ֮УǷ̷ֵѪ֮󣬷׷üͷ
ղŻ޺죬ôȴһһɻ
һǸоǵĵһӻص
Ů̬࣬´ᣬŵƺ
˻ŮӱѾͻ䣬˫һ̤棬ڿն𣬶׳һ˿ɫƥ·ȥ
ǣԭӦöеĹȴͻȻһǹԵһ崩ֱͷ
һ֮䣬ͽӸۺ«ǹ֫顣
ͬʱһŴڵӰӴг𣬽һ¸УԪؼپۼȻ飬űĲɢɽ֮С
ǣ֮ȴӰŮɫȻɨӵصףȴ̽ķΧޣ޷صס
֮£Ҳͣȥ
ëʨ޺Ȼ˶ڣѪſһص޺𣬰ǿȻԪؿ񱼶ŮȫУˡ
棬ħԳƾֳۼһʯͷ״ɣƿնеŮӵĺ󱳡
ħԳ棬ǱħԳĵһԪ츳
ŮӺȻ벻ͨħγģȻ໥ϣղʨ޵һѾ겻ȣѪֱħԳ͵Ϯִټ䣬ֻƥֵ
ž
ƥȭͷСԪʯ顣
ͷɽʯ֮ȴһͻȻ֣ͷ½ϣ賤ǹǹͽŮӸȫ֡
Ůɫ԰ף߳һȻ̧һ֣ɢԹӰӡֶȥǹײһ𣬾ŰӡɢǹʧֻʣһΣǹ»ŮӲòա
ֻ˫ŸأܵɽʯȴȻ͹𣬻һѪڣҧסŮӵ˫ȣһβʯðŮӵ˹ȥ
ַѾŮ㵸ʱеĸܵΣƥӭβηɳٻƣɹĽֵ
ǣͷֳƣȴҲѾǹͷ룬˲ûС룬ǹѣŮӵͷ­ֱըԽѣշݣʨ޵ͷԶԶĿͷŮʬ
ͬʱ֪ǧһ֮УһʹŮӳ༸ͬŮӲҽһ
˭˭ƣ϶㣡Ůɫﻹаӵĳѣֱܿ˫
ߵƾͷִǰŮʬںȻһӰȣƮ쳣ȶգĿ¶׹⣬ԣƣһҷ
ƣɼң˽Ĳ࣬ȴ߻صҹʲôȻҪɱңҲҪۣ˴ҵţһ죬Ҷǵɽţ߸ϵļһΪǵȫǰձ𣡡
֪Сڳԣҷɱλӵܣڽޣ˶õģŰɣӵδҲؽնɱŮӰ˵ɣȻ˹ȥ
ʨ޼ˣһţʨŮӰδ㱻Ԫ顣
벻ǣָӵƥȴһ㣬˲䴩ɳɽ
ˣư֮ʨޣûɽʯ֮УħҲͬʱʧ
Ʋ֪ûжãһŮӳɽ֮ڣĿ´վһۣʡ
лλŮӳ˷ʦ㣿
ŮüͷһأԪԶƵӰ˵ȫͯѰˣçײһֻ֣ҪʹôѶ鱨淽λɣЩǳеķҲҵҪƿӵʲôʱ򣡡
ʦģŮˡ


027 Ǳ
֮УǣȻƾ࣬ȴвپ񣬲񵱳ǸŮ˵Ķħɱ
ԪɨǳأһϤȴİϢƼȾϲûصףٴʱѾǳ֮ˡ
Ѿưܲ¥֮нһˣƲûţǴһ˵ķصֱ
ϣƺھޣƺΪƵͻȻ֣һΣУɢİ׷Ȼէ˫ȻһѪĹâֻǵ֮֮쳣ƿڶ
ͬʱֱƮݵƵԣ˫ҲץסƵ˫硣
游ңû΢Ц
գĲһʣЩʵ㡢Ļˣ
游ľֻ꣬Ҫ겻ɢصƶָܻҵȴַǳ⣬Ȼôˣ
ҵĹ游ˣĽƱ˻С
ãӦƵĸֵܿǵ뿪Щɼҵͯ϶Źģ
游λҪ͸ĸ뿪
ȥﰲȫ游뿪ǣǵİգǱΪػػʣµЩգֻҪڣɼҵͯ㲻ˣ
游ħˣƵǵ
˵ͷ
游Ϊβɢȥħľ
ãҡҡͷľ޷ػеİգ磬ǲ伶˳ֵģڼȻѾΪħҼħڣôҾħڵˣɼڱ㲻ң뿪ԽԶԽãһû˵ĵطúҲҪ
գһʹȻ֪ǺãԭֻҪȳ游͸ĸȴ游ѡҲɣʮֿ϶Լû游ΰΪ˴ҶˣΪ˱ǳеİ˲ĸԸħи
㲻游ͨħҲ˽ħ飬¼䣬аǺѷġħ֮ҪȥΪиĶҪػĵ뿪ɣֻҪһ죬ͻᱣĸĸԼǰյİȫ
ҵҪһ棬ԵĻҴ㽫Ǵߣһߵ磡
ҡҡͷҲϣȥĸĸΪڵ㣬Ѿ̫ܵ˵ע⣬ȥǣֻΪǴΣգѾľǰɢǣڷҪԱѾû⣬һкδ㣿
Ҫȥȣȥ֮󣬻˽ҴߣȥҲ
ЩȥɣҪٵǣԼһ̤۷壬ΪǿߣǣǸʱһ˲ǵһ𣡡
游һ˸УôˣʹôԽûô¶ԭֻµµΪһȡò绨ţɼɰС檣һ飬ɵ֮󣬲ŷҪƽƽĹһǺ֮ѣʮֿʵԸҲ𽥵Ŀʼ
Щ߰ɣЩˣʱʹԪ̽ǣ游ĸĸڵٴλ
游ƺȻȥ۽ǵˮʮָ㣬ǶƸеˣڵأͷȴû˵صס
ֱʱ˫вŻһѪˮа游ڴٴλǸʱ游һΪһƬ£Ǳڴߵĸĸͽ游Ȱɣ
̤֮ͷ죬˵Ըܾŷ֮ʹֱħ۷壬ںħڣὫֻأ

ƺʧ䣬ǵģʧ䡣
ڣŷԼȻ˹¼ҹˣ޹ʣѶûУ˵֪ˣͷӬһ㣬ڵص׺Ҵš
ֱƣŵصǱѩǵɭ֣ڻѩϣͷ죬ʱֵ磬ɫ䣬ȾκγԺ֮ȴֳȵĵͼ
һ´˵صλãƬ֮վΣѾսȻвǷȫ׿˸򶫷ݶȥ

֮һɭдСС
ʮɫ۵ߣǸ뺷Ϊ͵ľȻ̾磬иһλ۷壬һٷɱɫУʱʱš
ౡ
ˡ

СԵĴУȻʸ꣬һ⻹ˣֻȴûܵκεĹ
ո·˵أҲڴְƣŨüԪ֮̽£ΧʮˣЩ˴ǳ϶ι״Ĵ࣬жűУ֮󣬳
׷ˣߣֵǣ
ߣʱ򣡡˳Ϊһλʮˣ۷ľ磬ڿնЩϴдˡ
ƥ򣬱ţĶңһ׳ͷȫĴͼˣ˫ĶĽ
˻䣬ƵͷһΪڴ׳ϸܵһ


028 ص׵һ
أޱȣɱϣһƻǴ׳ֻ׳ȴҲ㣬ϵɫľȻͷų⣬ͼ壬γһֵĶ

һƻ֣ϵķĶɢ׳ȴҲɹĵֵ˽һ

Ȼ׳һХˮ׳ǰۼƬ֮䣬ͱһֻ׵ɫ޻Ѫһţ磬
һáҲһ㵣㿪ȴо·̶Գƺɫ޻ѾƿܵȻԪأĿǾ޻ԽԽ
ͻͷ˵ʱ򣬴ȴȻһ໡
һװ޺һͷߴɵľƾճ֣˫̤ڵ棬ͬ𣬹ľҡҷ㡣
ͻͷѩ׾ԳֱС׼ףԳһֱ飬һѪûгֱ֣Ӿͻ˳ٵķ˴ڣͭɫƤٴθֳɫࡣ
һĻ˶㵵ֹͣɾʮ׵ĸ߶ȣȻΪͻȻ
Ǵ׳׶žԳŵýˡ
˵ΪʲôޣԳȻԡ
ңңⲻޣƾֹ󣬽ӡڷУ
ԳĬˣĳĬƵ˼¼仹صһ壿Ȼ
ӡǴӺζԳһηˡ
ȴ󺺻ػǻ֮кȻһԼŮǴЩϵõģȡķǰǷŹҵ˰ɣǲûдֻҪң
Ŷô˵а취ֱԳת
ܵĻٸѹͷսľʵʵһҲܻ˵˻
ԣֻҪǰԷŹҵˣԸ⽫ܸǰŮٴδ
ԳԻĵ˵ͷ¿˿Ķҹ
ЩգΪ׵ĽæһǰŮǳ׸ɼҵǲܽأǿɾҪˣǰһ棡
ǺɼңѵͲԳ壬һʱŰľ㵹ʮȫɡ
ǰëԳһɵĻ֮󣬺Ȼһ
ԳŤͷȥһץǻУôʶң
ɵһ㣬̬壬С㶼Ѿʧʪ˴ƬµһΣһ˺ͳ̸˵һ㳤ò࣬˻ó˰Ѱǣ
Գ˼Ҳǳɻ󣺡ѵ˻˷ˣ÷ҵ䣿Ȼ˴Ϣ
Ҫ˴Ϣ
ңûУУֱۻɵģæָλá
ͬɵĽʱȴʮŭһԼ˳ͲȴϸĳգЦħԳһҪѰҵıħԳѾ˴Ѷ飬ЩѾ֪λãҪ˶ãͻдˣ͵ɣ
𣡡ԳħԳŭһеĻƤһ㣬ȫΣͬʱǾԳҲ³˿񱩵쫷絶״ɢ䣬Բ׵Ĺľֱȫ飬ɳʯʮλҲȫѪꡣ
һ̣Գһֻ͵һ̤棬عѣһڵѷ죬ǻǱֱ˺ѣ˴ͬʱûѷ֮ڣţëԳʧԶƣҲȻû˵صףѷһ࣬ץס׹ĴаɫɴŮӣڵص׿ٴС
ϣϣЩδĴ຺ӣ׷ſѷϷ¿ȥʲôӰ
ʱռɫƿնٶĴսʮ±ŽŮŮңһֻڹ
ͺͨũҹ˶٣ȴǿףڹᣬʮ׵ѷŤͷܡ
׷صˣڵص״У칷Ѿᵽ٣λƻȥŮ˵ˣβźڹŴֵ棬ȥ
Ŀ죬ȥҲ죬ûЩдˣǵĿֻһǾһҪɱơ
Ҳû뵽ˣȻ׷Լץ¡ɫɴŮӵڵص׼ٴС
ֻʮӹͷŮӵȻŶߴŮӵұûţ
ƻæֹͣŰԼ⣬ص׸ûпԼȻڵص׳ʱ棬ŮȴУΪŮ켶뿪صףԪ֮̽ȴòǱΪѾо洫ǿϢ
ŮȴץסֱۣԽԽ
ô죿ƶŮӵɴнһ½ŮӵɴƿˣûüȥŮӳ࣬Ůӵĺ촽һͨĿڴŮӵĿС
Ůһͣƺһĵڳ֣˫ֱסƵգƴȫŴƿдŽƵͷͽҺҲһͬ˽ȥͲһûƸ븹С
ǣһĻڵص׷ˡ


029 һ̵
ŮӷڴʱǾúصļʴأڸ󣬻ʪ࣬Ҳᡢʪ𣬷Ķ˵ζ
һǧһ
Ҳ
˵
˲


ҹĵص
ϡĵط
ĭ
޻һ
໥ڻ
Ůӵ˫Ѿ壬ḧƵգþã黳һǣŻֿ
Ҳһִ˵ĸоĿŷŮӵ֮ϣԼĪʮ꣬ʤѩüĿ续һɫˣѼգֺལһĨҺ죬촽΢񣬴߷󻬣ףëʹ
ƼˣоȻһҪڻڿеĸо
ֻǳֲ֪Ǻãԣص׵һʱƺͣ
䣡
һ
žѣԪ֮̽£ͷֵЩ׷˾Ȼص׷
ߣһץסŮ󣬼Ǳĵصף̶Զȥ
ʱŮƺһȱԥһ£Ҳ࣬Ȼɷ˵ֱӾͱסŮûκ׸֫ٴȥ
ŮƺһЩɬϣȴ޷忹⣬Ŵд
ᣬһƷζĸо
ġġġġ
ٰζ
һãƺ㴽Ƶ궼
Ѿǵĺˣζ֫оأԽͶ룬Ѿûɬƺſļ
ֻ֪һҪȥȫĵĸһأһ̣ͻʧȥͻĸţһصʵû֮䡣
Ƶ֣ԽĲʵḧŮӵĺ󱳣ȻѣѵŮǹ⻬ļУֻŮӵĺȴԽԽ٣ȸҲԽԣƵҪҲԡ
ƷζҲƵԴȪ
Ƶ֣ǲӯһյ֫ƣøʱҲڶһգǵĶ΢ıһ£ȫƵĻزѹƣǸԱĸо
һʮƣһϼһƭȥʲôŮֶûǣһ֮ǰȻΪ۸ǸйµĵͯƿԷģʱʲôоһ㶼֪
һΣᵽŮ֮
ҹĵصףĿ޷ԷʶĶˣǱͬľ
ϵˣڽ׷ᣬǿһƴܣ֪ƴʱĴҲҪѪɡ
ԽԽԶԽصףʹǿ׵ĺڹҲᵽˣأȺɼұʧ˷򣬲ѣֻɢֿԼһƵϢʹôѶ鹵ͨ
ص׶˵ĴûзֿǱúֱܽƸо׷ٵʱ򣬲ŴŮŲơ
ڼʱŮӺȻ˵ˣҲôȥ
ƴͣŮӡ
ôȥ𣿡ŮӺ˫дһ˿ϸ塣
ɲƻشŮӾȻһơ
ƳԼǸͨˣʹһɫûɫʱҲĳһͶͱüҲֻ롣
ԣʱһУȴͬһ
ŮӵԽңܷܷѾ⿪Ƶۡ
ڣƻָӦеһ棬ŮһαڻУѣŮǹˮļǰɫĶǶ棬ֻӣȻ˳ģСӡ
ƷϣѹĽϸϸĴţ٣ѩ֬˫壬źۡˮ޳ȡ
Ѿ˿ްҡ

ÿһϸļ
ǷĽ
ǣ
ϵշת
飬

ʱϺ촽
޷ʱ

Һϣ
㺹
Խ٣
żһ
ֽǣ
ǻ䣬
һζ
˺϶ΪһʱɡȫĽѹŮӵϣ˫۸ǽıסŮӵĺ󱳣ʹǱը˫أεҲš
Ȼ͸оŮӵĿдһĪϢǱ꣬ȴûüʲôΪоŮҲǹΪЩ˵Ǳ룬˵Ǳɡ
һϢֹͣƽŮӱڻУḧŹ⻬ϸļĿŮӵʱ򣬲³һϢһᣬȻȥ
ŮӲףһ۱Ƶϣı˫
֮
ûˣһƬֲݵأЦһ˵ȴ
Ůƺߣæȡ·ûдϣֻǸڵʥأ˵ļڽഥ
ϡ裬泯̶ּ϶У̵İݣһЩ޵С¶ˣ˷ƶò̾漣
¿ȥ滷ɽƣݣǺѽԲɽ֮еģĺҲԴʹһļů紺


030 
ʱѾǰʱ֣̫ûɽȴҲ۵ĹâһӲӵḶ́Ƶգģһ
΢Ц̵ĿŻеŮӣʵʲô֣
ֺҪ𣿡Ů̧գӭƵĿ⡣
΢ͣ̾ǰͬˣɲʶǺǣ˵һ㣡
ŮһҲɵõסˣɣ֮пͬˣαʶû뵽㻹Ĳɣ
˿佱ʹƤٺҲһЩ飬ֻǰİ׾ױԽˣεûʲôֻижղҸоĿйҵڣʲô
ֻħԳǲޣ
ǣ
㲻ˣȴޣǺˣ
һﵽߣЩ˲Ҫɱң
ŮգǾ㵣Ķƣãŵ֪ЩΪʲôҪҴɼ𣿡
Ϊʲô
ЩΪֺˣ㽫͸һλ檣
檣
ŮӽƵţĿ⿴ԶǱգ壬ͨ䣬Ͳ׳ģҵϵĴ࣬ʵһƣֳǵһ㶼洢УͨͬԽʺԼСһֱûгֹ켶֣һħѹ˵֮ϻһԪعͨͿԴﵽ켶ľ磬ңΨһһλӵˣ
Ŷô˵Դﵽ켶磿
еļλȴңǵһΪ˴ѣҺڵһ׷ɱڷҵһʵ֮󣬾ֽҵӡҵΪһֱһķʦľ磬޷켶һλɳңҵ֪ˣ˾ǵĳҴǣȺĵ֮ûؾΪץɣ֮ҪΪ檣Ϊҵĵһˣõҵ·ľˣڶԷҲӰһַԵɺϣ˫ụ໥ƣ
ҲˣƲæʹԪ̽ȫ
ͨԿǣ޷ʹۿԪһġعͨƲ˵Ҫ֮Ŀܶ죬ô͵еܣΪذҲ˵ǽΪصҽ
صҽȻ˵ҲʱҲᷢաð飡
ŮգһЦ˵ͷѽô⣬ߺһ켶ѾʧˣЩħҲԲ켶ڣڷӡѾõѾˣҪ˶ãұ̤磬ʱҾͻһ׷ɱˣ
Ҵ򿪣ûʲôƺͿˡ
Ůӽߣ㲻ڴЩѾڵӡ忪ˣ
Ŷô˵Ժ·ˣĻҾͲµˣЦŮӱø
ŮҲǽһЦ绨ҿɲܺһΪҵ෴ȴпǵΪȹ̵ʱ޷һģͻңҲ֮У
˵ƺʧԭΪһŮģû뵽ֻ÷ֹʣ
Ůգ촽̣תȫſƵϣɷ˵Ƶ죬ڷ㡣
ԭڸϵ·ҲѾأ¶ȱѩˡ
ȻʾֽڻУ˫ָĻ弡еĽᡭ
һգֱҹ˷㡢ζߣ
նŮԼĻУ㷢һЩң̬һЩɵһڣƺԶҲƷһ㡣
֪ŮȴȻֽĲסҵĻţһᣬ˱ƻշת࣬֯һ𡭡
ҽƣڿ֪𣿡

֣ܺ
㻵
ٺ١
㡭Ժʲôʲô㣿ѵԶ𣿡
ȥȣȥһʺߵ磡
⼸գҾͽй֪ʶڸ㣬ʱˮ̶Ƕﵽ֮뿪
᲻úֿһ̶УԶƽø˵Ľϵĸӽܡ
ҡá
Ůӵȫ֣䣺ģһᱣģ
Ƶֻ޳ѩѾʣżṴıһ𣬶ƵȴڲϵšԼԼɼӰպѩ׵ˡ


031 
ĵȼĴС¿ԷΪŶΣ˱Ϊʦ
ڳΪʦ֮ǰͳΪʦЩҪ÷պɰīˮǣﵽ磬ֻҪԪһγɷļɣС䣬ȾȻɣؼΪԪԼڡ
ɷΪĴ󲿷֣䡢ӡ
ǷģȻ
䣺𵽶ȻԪص˵á
ӡӡȻȨ
Ǿγıر
ƵĻֱһ߽ͣһˮ̶ߣ⿪ϻŸĲݵϣһĻӰСţ̤͵Ĳݵأǰƣ̶ˮ
ýȥ˵ɴ˫ۣϸɨÿһ缡
ɢ㷢峺׵ĺˮʪҲԽԽͣȫûˮУһֻ㣬ںˮϷš
ҲҪϴ裡
ˡ
Ҳһͷ̶ˮС
һǹµģҸģܰ벻ʱȴ
ȴڲϵƽ˵й֪ʶˮУ̵ƿʼ
ڣ棬ƵģˮУԪʼ
֮ģÿһ˵ָƶһ˵ȫ·ˣûͬƬҶûͬˣҲ˵κһ˶Ƕһ޶ģҲֻͳۡ
ͬصƾ͸Ӹء
Ľ̵ƵĻҲȫﵽʦľ磬ʹܿͷԪ֮УһɫҪź˿Ҫϸ򱶣񾭣Ѫ֮תѭȻĳȣ͸Ƥ쵽⣬ȻԪγɵһɫһ
һȻҵ
Ԫͨڵ֮У˲ӿ⣬͵֮УҲӶƣӡƳһ˹ۿɼĺɫֻаƴСƵͷ
˿һ˵Ǻ죬Ϲдд
ȴмѣĵһ֮Ŀ
֮һЧã˵һСƬƣѾı䡢ơ
أ
һ³ɫȻӡƵӡ֮ϣγһɫԲ㣬һûʧ
Щԣ絽ôƺƸӼУˮУ˽Ƶԣ˫§ƵڴĶƵĶͷ
Ƶ˵ͷ֮Ŀ
ͷ֮ϣɫԲ㸡ֳ·Ƥˣֱֻаףޱȡ
֮Ŀֳۣ֮򿪣ƺȻǰ䣬ԼԪҲ·ֻ۾ȫԪγɵģͨԪ̽ܣЩȻԪƮɢ⣬ڣȴȻԪؾȻ˿ɣһ˿ߣɫܵƼһ𣬷·һɫƥա
صƣȻӣ
ƽһ֪֮Ҳһ̾ƺܿ͸оԼСǰ֮ޱ޼ʵƣԼȴֻһҪеȫƿأҪȵʲôʱ
С䣬ʦ˽ҲǺܶ࣬ɢĹżҲ࣬˵һ˵ڵҲֻһ֮Ŀ⣬֪ҲһЩ׷ٷƷ⣬ӵһĹϢĽֲ
׷٣ƣƣˣЩңҸô죿У˲ǿԽӡҪô
ôôѽҪشһãߣȥڵϸ㻭
˴֮
ǰһݵ¶ʵָϹ
ǷƷƷ֮ͿԷˣ
׷ٷϢĽҪ׷ٵ˵ڣ۶Էܵη㶼ҵȻ벻̫ԶڵΪϣ׷ٷҲʧЧģ
˵ĽֱӷӡڣҲܼˣֻҪһķʦֻҪһֱӴ޵ڣڵͻͨˣҴ洢ڵ֮УϸСǿԴ洢ȴǳӴ󣬻ԽǿͻԽ㣡
أɣַܲԸɣ
ÿɷ񣺡ҲӦÿ԰ɣҽеͨ㣬ԺһɣҲЧ
һգΪửһķҲѧһ죬ЧҲö֪
ҹʹݣڵ潨һСݣ˷ܵı˽ȥҲ޷ԣӭ
һҹķ꣬
ģƽͷĻ˯ȥˣǻЦ
˹˿ԣûӰɢԪ̽ܣûϢ
ͷһţæСݣӭĵȴһλллңҲΪĵӣΪŮңҪұҪҵ˴ȫĵطϣԭҵĲڴٴε


032 
һ仰ƺȻоһ£Īջ
Ŀ𽥵̧𣬿Զգãã䣬ҪȥȥȥѰ˭ǿɿģ
ȷʵ֮ԴΪ֮䣬ҲްԣҲڵõ³֮󣬷ֿԽ⿪ķӡŴƲ
ǣȴԼѾ᲻ˣ᲻壬ˣƸ˷Լ
ֻǣĿջأԶԶһֵʱֳָ֮ЦݣСܵܣҹѾﵽ磬Ѿ͵͵˸ٷӴԣܲõģ´μ棬ɲҪڽˣԼȥ
仰ҪеĶࡣ
δȻԪȴĽ壬ʧȫޡ
ζ飬һһ˵ĸоԺ֮ȴĲϵĸĽԼշתһĻĻ
̾һǲҲóˣȣұҪȥĵطǸ԰ҵһʺߵ˵ںηҵǿԽ඼Ǩһݣ
˫ֽӡƷɣ˲֮γһ޻㡢ֱ׵ţƵ棬Ŵֱ˶ɽתƬɽȣѾΪһ޷ĵط
򶫷У֮УƾͷƷٶȿȫǸݻעڵעĻԽٶԽ죬֮Խڵľ磬һתѾ׷ˡ
Ϊƻһλħʦһλ䣬Ȼƾκһ޷ʱɣɾȴɴڡ
ֻǣҲ֪ʦһʲôΪҲħ䣬ԼϵйϣҲϡ١
ʱڣҲѾΪ޵ƲзеƣȻٶȱȵضҪö࣬ȴҲ쳣Σա
ţǰȻһӥУȥһֻչ׵ɫӥĹͷӥȸβϵëʮվһλӡ
֮񣿡ƿԷ֮Ŀ˼ǿɱ֮һЦǲԩҲͷ
һۣһ˲ɫʵɳǹƾճУ̤ƣһ
ǧ֮⣬֮ҲѾƣֻȴҲͣԼͬ鴫ѶϢеĴѶҲϵķѶϢ
ʱƾͷܾȻλ̤ɽ˷ȻǳɣڿУһһһ׽ٵķħޣûаա
һƳգһɽС֮ϣܲľӲݣȫɽʯ̧ͷ죬֮͹û
ȻԵɽʯ֮󣬷ɳֱ׵Ļ
Ƶȴ֮ûصס
ԭڵλãȻ飬һӲɢ䣬ʯ죬ص׵ƣоһ
ɨӵ棬ŷ͵Ϯˣһһĸˣĸ˾ȻȫվԼħ޵ϣֻħȫΣӴݣֻɫֻɫ
൱ڰ˸սɱһתɵͬʱԸơ
Щڳħˣ̫ҵģƴЦһ
ƣҪˣǲӵõģŶͫʹڵصףҲ룡ɫϵĶ֮񿪿ںȵ
仹ޣԶ쵽صףȻţٴǱ򶫷С
һΣòŶ֮Ļˣжãж𽶼ʼձͷС
ңȻضݣȴҲǱ̫Ϊ̫ĵص׷ˮȻ𣬸һЩصĵʣ޷еġ
߸ɣֻħޣѵģºˣҪ˶ãӦû߻ΪߵģҪ
뵽ȻˣڵصףȴĿ͸գһصưųչ׵ľӥܸӦֻǴʱžӥ˫
ƣֻٽڣֻҪֻ𽣬ɶ˵ûˣ
ư֮壬Ǳ֮УѸٵΧǾӥ紺˿һ𽡣
ȻĳɿƵ𲽼˵ƺ֮УȻֹͣ˸ҲԽԽǿ

ӡĬǱѸĸγһɹ֮ûб˲һţûڡ
һɿ񱩵ǣƣޱȵ͵Ƶڡ
󾪣ٵȶȴ޷շŲƣ˫Ѿεգ˫צƽ
ռ䣬ƺһ̱⡣
ڵԽԽ٣ϵķҵУϵĶ֮Ҳ֣ԪӦ֮£֮䣬һ˿ڵʧ


033 ɱ
ᣡ
ʣ֮ɽ˿նȥ
˿ߵԼǿɽնȻʹŲƣȴ޷նϡ
صƵ֮ڵԽԽ࣬һϵķӥХĻ󣬵Ҳ޷ʱƲŽעգֻչ׵Ѿøɱʣ޼
ڵܴ֮һ޵࣬ҪٴֻܵȵΪľˣư֮ǣ𽣬𽼱׹䡣
䣬֮޷㣬ֻ̤ܽɽ߿շС
ܣ㲻֮УͬɱЦһ񱩵˲ӿ֮УֻҪԪ񸲸֮ڣһƱΪӿơ
һӥĻע֮£һֻ𽣬ɫëʣצ繳̬档
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ֹ֮ͣգͷ˿ŴĳƣԽԽӿѪʹŴꡣ

һҽУ֮꾹Ȼֱӳ壬һõӰͷǻδ룬ƵһѾˣǳצħȻδۼȻԪأֻһӰһţ֮˸С
ʱҲѾӵصڷɶ𽸩˸߿գҲһѲɫǹУħҲ֮ع飬תڳǹ֮ϡ
ɱ
չᣬǹ֣һ磬һɵĶͷһţλɵɫȴɴ֮У֪ô¡
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ǹΪΪħ飻壬ħɻꡣ
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ǹʱ
һλɣδѣƾѾצֱӾͽͷ­󱬡
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ء
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Ƽˣǹ趯ǹ˸ɢأʯγǳһĹ֡
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ףһ֮Ͼͳһ͸İɫ׶ܣȴħڷɶ𣬵ħȴȻתΣһţһγɵɫͻơ
ǹɣֻǹ⻹δײ֮ʱڳǹϵȷɳҲڼɵĹпٵʵ廯
䣡
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˶գħԳһڷɶֱףһȭԽѣ궼顣
һʨ赲һˣȴѾ룬ԭħʨ޶սԼȴ̤ɽߣԼԼɼһӰ
ֻӰȴһֻɫ𽡣

˸ܵΣȻ󣬶׼˹ȥ
󣬵ȴǳɣöԷľ޽գǷ˵š
ŵֻ׹棬ʱƾѾ׷ˡ
˼ˣ˫ٴӡںһ
ƶٸһ·ռһ㣬ƶھҲ˵Ҳزۡ
ȥɣ
֪Ѿ޷ߣڷ֮ڵһƣг֡
Ʋ죬ȷʵǷæ㿪ӭȴǶԷѾʯֱۡ

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𽵽£๴˵ͷֱӽͷ­飬Ѫ졣
أѪǿȴ֧ƿأľתҲõ˿ơ
ںħǴ򶷵Ķڲ֮Ҳ׷׸ûħ޶ս
ħ룬ûȥ׷ǣħԳɥࡣ


034 ׷ɱ
ֻ𽲢ûͣųͼֻϧǣˡ
Ʒų֮޴ѹͱľϡ
ѾˣΪͼֻֻ֪ħ޵츳ߣǿȸӥĺᣬн׼𣬱Ҳһħ޵ΪҪǣһֻԷеħޣԵõܽħ޵ȡȻڻ츳ȴԺ󣬵Լħȼ֮
Ϊϵ˿ǱǰŪģ˸Ϊ˶ԣƾɢֻҲԸӦƵҪ
Ƽֻܳ̾һҡҡͷϧˣħԣ˵ĸӦҲǳĺãԺҪץסһֻɵĸ츳ħޣҲף
ԱϣƵĻγ籩ֱӱ顣
ߣƵգ̤𽣬򶫷ۡ
ֻħƾʧ
һ㶼ºǰĵϵľ࣬ǵ˶ĲʱŻ֡
ҲһƸ߼ӣһȺɱۼ
Ϊ׵һλʮİӣüĿ㣬ǱãһһС˫֡
Ҳ࣬λͬŶΪʦĹ°ŮӣƵŮֱϻɫƥ
࣬ȴһλƵˣ¡裬ƮƮüĿףֻȴһԣȻǷ
һжŮȻΪ
Щ˿ɢڷԲʮͬʬ֮󣬸ޱȣ׷üͷ
ܿ죬ܵħǷأת˹顣
Űɫƥʦ㲪Ȼŭ֪ͨʦţת֣⣬ħںҲһͬΧɱƣӷ򣬶Ȼ˽ܣпܻӵǰ֮أĳɹˣħͬ˶ᱻԷЦ
ĺʦãѵǴħҶЦɼҲɣȻܴɼңȴҲһССƶɱˣҵȻкȥţ˫ӵȻ
ʦ֣ƽƻ֮ǽĺ̵Ůü
֪ķɱֻܹԼСģҾͲƾҵĸɽ޷նɱǶͽңСʦɽſһҪɱƣֻ˼ɣ˵ɣ΢ЦĿ˹¡
λĺ̵ŮӵĿȴڶŹµüͷǲӡ
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׷ʦʦǶСģòҪɢӷԸ
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ݸæҡͷʦֺʦ㲻õңһܿϵ
΢Σû⣬ḷ́ߣ
ĺûᣬƥɳ̤ϣȥӽ
ʱƣȫ߶УֻеԽԽ٣ٶҲԽԽԼһСʱȻѣɢ֮С
һ̣ƱƷ̤ٶɡ
ٶٿ죬Ҳ޷̤Ķתȡ
ͨɵͯʹõķɽǵҲҪСĶ࣬ٶҲȻ
ܿ죬˫͸Ӧ˶ԷŤͷ˿׷Ķˣ˲壬֮ڣϵڶ˵ǰתʹ˵ķٶ
üͷ³ͷųһնȥʹƷɵǵٶٴ
ȻԸӦƵ˶˶Ƕתɣֻˣƺ֪֮ɱ߸һתû⣬ǶԸתɾҪΣˣǱһͷ˵صףʹݣС
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һƻӡֶȥûصףԲʮĴһζȫС͵ĵ
ص׵ƺȻ͸оһͷĿѣԪһζضҲֹͣĴӡȴ͸·ˮ͸ɳϢͷ
䣡
Ƶ弱׹һƲιȥҲһ˿Ѫ
ѵģݣưһֻǱС

ħԳʨޱƵһ͵˰ۼܣγţʹǵڰգ죬ס˶˵ȥ·
ȴٴƷǰɡ


035 ħ
ƥ裬ΧűħԳٴƬ֮䣬㽫ħԳŮ߳һ̧ƣ׼ħԳͷ­ȥ
ֻǾƼħԳʱħԳȴȻʧ
ħԳʨޣӵĹ֮Ҳʧޡ
һĻλһҪ˵ĳ嶯Ҫ׷ƣֻħȴٴγ֡
ȫķӳԼռԼħ֮ĿռÿΣʱ򣬶޾ͻͻȻԼռ䣬λ˴׷ɱƵʱֻٴγ͵Ϯ
ĴΣûӰˣһΣֱ߶ɣƵһ˵صס
ʱ˶˵׷ɱ
ٶȣٶȰҵħ鲻ʺϷУһֱħ޸öãħ̤ƷתҲ޷ҵٶȣ
һӣ²̽
ֻǾ켶츳ķħ޲Ǻܶ࣬ʹУҲ֣ͨĵӥȼֿ̫ͣϡ
һӾһ죬ʹ⣬ҲԳò棬ããɭ֣ޱ޼ʣֻһ¶ͷ㷢ֲԶһͷн޵ļ𣬶ֵǹɱȴһǱ˵صס
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Ȼûãֻּϵ໥Ŷʬ壬Ҳʬˣȴһγˣֻн޼ƻɱ
ܿ죬޵
ɱ岨ޣڣֻ߽׵ޣһԻ޸յƱѾ׼õڣƣŶ޵
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ڴУʼձŸ߽޵ٶȡ
Ȼн˰ҵʱһԪɨӶͣȥųһ
ౣ
һӥХ̧ͷȥƼ䣬ȻһֻչʮɵĽɫӥʨͷʨβһ˫ɫ۾·֡

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Ϲ˵ڶսȻΪûдﵽ磬׵츳ͬȼ˱ᡣ
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ʣڵܿͱƴ洢֮УԪӤͷųǿ籩ֱӻ˹꺣֮У֮ΪǹԻһ֫Ĺʱֻʧȥ꿹뷨ƵԪӤΪ
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ħͷ壬һͷʮɣʨߡצӥ֫׳Ĺޡ
˵ħ飬ƿеѾֽһȫĳΡ
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ϰϰƣع㣬ƽȵģӱĳƵˡ
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Сļǰɣʹƹȥ
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ˣƺѾһɽ顣


036 ɸ
ƵĻùµȻһʹɫȴֻȥȻֻʮɵޣÿһֻޣȻжתɵѹ̤Ӵѹʹƽ˲ޱȡ
Ҫ㣬Ϊӵﷴʡ
ҪΣסΣŹ£Ҳû̫η壬򲻹ܲˣУѾʼĸƷֲħצ档
δ֪νĻ˵ֻԺ֮ȴϵĸδǰʦĶԻ
ʦ𣿡
ͽ˲壡
Ҫβܳɣ
ֻҪסһ־УǾǡ

֮ȴΪʹࡣֻȴܲǣȴȥԺÿһ춼ȫµģԶֵѵ𣿡
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˵ĵģıҲóԵеġʱʱὫڱȽϰȫĵطƱܡ
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»جج뿪ţͬڵʦʦһͬ׷ɱƣȴ֪ԼĶµɱֵģǣԼľģ֪ʲôȷģֵ׸ȥʲôںδ磬ѾЩãˣ


037 ң
ơҪΡ䷴ʣ³˼ãҲͬķʣҪΣ
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ȥˣң˼ߵΪҪΣ
ѩޣ
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ɱǰյ˶Ѿˣ㻹Ҫ˭ѵȫħɣ֪жĽȫɱҪɱк𣿡紵·˿ḧֻǷ飬塣
ƳĬˣְܿͷһὫЩѹȵ˴ߣһΪǵĵط
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͵Ҳ㣬ֻǣϣԶҪסյĺԸյԣ߰ɣһ̣дֵļᶨ
סˣŹ֣ǹȴҪԼͲòﷸֹ˵ϲԼ϶ǲŵģӶԷУֱܷ֮ĸ޿ܳԽŵǣɼҵǣ
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ҪǾ͸߰ɣһתΣƮƮ裬̤ƣȻ̬
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ƳЦһٶĻǰĸһȻǺɡ
ķٶҲڸ֮Ȼӿ죬ħ̤ĵƣ䣬ɶȥ
ȴִǰϵƮ˹µĶϣ¹ͣһҵ·ֺηﱣأлˣ
Ӱ磬ƾȻصڶߵĸɣ±ᶨĵģȴ֪ΪΣһ̺ȻȹΪҲš
ڣ¶Цݣ޷ضΪ֮
Ӵ޿ٵСֻ˹µĽ£µٶҲȻӿ죬ֻӰȴԽԽʧ
˵ƣȻԼһͬգΪ˵֪ܲΪԼ룿ùڱ֮ء

ǰһĳǳأϢ£ѰһƼңƵеľȫ£˴ԪУһ·򶫡
Ϊã·ΪңƵһ
ΪǣԵΪϯͷ¶įȴҲܶԾƵ裬֡
Ϣ֮һ·һֱоա
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ϣƿ¶֣ͷ֮ϣȻէһ׹⣬ͷƤ·ѿâͷƤ淢
ѷԽԽ󣬴һͷŰ׹СˣС˸߲磬ҹ̶ɣ⻬ֻжͷһɫԲ㣬롣
ͷƤϣСƵͷã˫飬Ǵɫ
С˫ֽӡۼܣľγһΣٸ֣Ʊһģһ
ҲǷ֪ǶתкǲҲѾﵽ˶תɵľ磿а
һƵķͶݳɽ壬ɽݴͷһâħ
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˵ֻǸ裬ֻĳ⾳ǻ䣬ԹȥĻ䣬ûһʱ㣬ǰصǸϤ硣
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Ů޷ܾͷѹؿڵ޷˵Ǿ͵Щ˵ɣİŮҲǶԼļѹ


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켶ĸ֣ټ򵥲ԣעƵĸؽĳЩ˵顣
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ħɣ䣿
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ȻСħŮһѶеľƺҲҺһ㣡
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ñúõһأɳ̳ƮСħŮĿУһɫ֮£Ρ
СħŮ˺飬ʹʫ˴󷢣ӹ̳һǹǹӰųǰʮ׵ұϣһ壺

ʥͽԼįΩ

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ʥͽԼįͬųųСħŮϵظƵ״ʣƲƮƮ˫𣬸Ů˽ᡣ

ֻڵҹƲ֮ϣһеŮڿ·ĶˣǸʫͬа㾿ôһˣΪԽ˽㣬ȴԽأҵ㣬ձҵĵģ䣬ﻹʲôֵֵģǻݽʯǿǻ¶ҪΪ֮
һҹ峪ʮ׸裬ὣʫʣЩҲǰʮϲģ¶׶ǵʱͣ˸裬䣬վ֪ʱѾԼСħŮ
СħŮз˫ʣ΢ЦĶԼ
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ʹͷ̣ҲȻ˰ôһϺõķĹߣǲģȴ飡


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ƣɲ֪ȻŮΪԼܣٶҲǴеĶŮܱġʹǶɣĻҲ޷ٶȡ
ʱţ󡭡
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˶Ҳ׷ɱƵĺ̺ʦ֡
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ﾪһĻ뵽ƾȻһΪǹĪ⣬æջϸͥħԾ
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ˡ
ħɱһ̣Ȼ飬ǧˣԲף粨һɢﱻըɣǿʯգ·ɽ֮ڣǻö֪


041 ԸΪ
Ƶħը˷һѰСҲƵıֻһ̣Ƶ֮ϣǿ֮γһףСȫ׵ֵС͸ףƤû˵Ľǡ
ԼƣԪӤջħ飬˲ʯеķһڣķƬ֮ȫʧ
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ˣɽǸӣȻѧ˱ڻβԸҲҪȫ꣡ƺʧĳػĿĺ̡
ʱḷ́ȴٵջƥԶȥ
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ʱһ̷·ֹһ㣬ƵĶͷҲԽԽ鼱֮£ƵħȻӭ˳ңԪӤҲǿ壬ƵһʹԷѹתĿꡣ
䣡
ħֱɢʹԪӤһ㱣ǣȴѾϵ

벻񽣶ײһ𣬲ǹֱײɣԷĳȴҲƫĿ꣬·б
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һҲٶʼձ۷״̬·Ҫ׷һʱҲ԰쵽
ѾºԶḷ́Ȼ͸оһӰӰ֮Ѿǧ֮⣺ħÿٶȣʲô


042 
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ƿһ׵ĺɫʸֱ·ĺ󱳡
·ҲĵҲɻ󣬼ԷȻڱ󹥻Լ·òŤתζ괫ħڵŮޣΪʲôҪң
ߣ㹥˭ҪˣбͽɱˣȻұɱ㣡㽫Ҳһͬɱ⣬ףＫΪᶨ
·üͷһ壬⣬û뵽ƾȻˣҲ֪˵ѣ֪еΪĽɱˣôӴԺԼͳĽ׵ĹˣħŮڻԼĶ֣ɲԺУ챻һħţʹɣҲ﷢
ħµĻǲĿľݣԩԩ౨޾ͷ
ֻһħ·ȫһɱ˱ɣǰħŮȴһΪߵԼħŮɱˣпܻŭףʹ׵ΪɱԼ
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Ȼ·ҲȫΪħԸŭлһңΪ֪ħˣǾͲܵˣʹԼɱƣҲһᱻħɱ
ֻҪһʱ̣ħŮ˼ھģǴƵĸﵽһǰδеĸ߶ȣԷģΪƵȼʱ򣬲ŻɱƣħŮλײŻֽɱŮΪ
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Сӭŷɽ֮ڣЩ䣬ɽҲԪǰ̽飬Ȼֻάڰ֮ڣһεš
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һҪƲһ㾪гǰɽУ۰׹ǣΣҲΣ֮УʱʱƮһЩ塣
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һֱβĹ£ɽȰҵʱͣطɲ̤룬Ҳɻ


043 
Ѿ뵽еƣоǰɷԽԽأ޷һַŻ¸оǿƽȻԿڸȵ֪λǰˣ
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ѰţǰȻƾճһŮӣƵɴ˫ۣνˡ
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㣿ѿڶôҲû뵽ȺԼ
һЦû뵽ôˣңΪ֮ˣɽȲܳĵطȥɽɣգǱһͬ뿪
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ңǧȣȻΪŮиĪһʹһʹ֮£ʹĵĶʧء
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ãվûֻԪϢλ㣬Ƿаսƴһȫĵط
ûǸطǾ԰ȫģһᾡܵıİȫһʺչĵطΪҲҵİˣ
ԭˣǶлˣ㲻Ҫҵòƣȥˡֱ֣ü᲻ɴݣһΪģƿôһΪɲʦȫȻʲôˣһ֮յĸҲٵԶƮȥ
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Ҳڿ𾪣Ҳǳ˷ܣԼûʧĿ䣬Ц㣬ȱٵǺʱ츳ֻҪУҾͿ޵ĽΪҿҵԪӤħ
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ҵĺԸһֻҪһһ죬ؽ뷽跨ĽЩɭס˴ٲΪǣΪǳһƬ£Ƽᶨޱȵ˵
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½ˣƴסˣôĺԸ붼ġ
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һЦ簵ҹ꼻޲ɷ


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Ǻǣ㣬ȷʵסˣʵֻܽǵİմɭ֣ǣҾѾˣ̫ˣңһкܶܶ಻˽飡εͷЦ
˽飬ĸ㣬ҲҪôֻ࣬Ҫרˣջһ죬Ϊһλǿߣ
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ƺһֶۣĿ˳ɽһͷͬʱڿն
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ʹֻɽһͷҲ˰գŽ뿪ȺɽִԽããɭ֣ԽԽ٣ȴԽԽ࣬ڸ߿Уȫƾۿ·һЩķߡ
Ŀǰȥƽԭߣһ䣬һɢڴϣһſ貵飬ѣɵø̾ᰡ㣬Ҫȥ
ȵתתɣҲ㳹׵˽Ƭ½ʮǰħڹԪ½Ƭ½ͳΪ½Ҷ۹ʵͳΡ
ֻǵħͲˣͼ߸۹ĻͳҲһ۹Ļ壬۹ȴҲսг˼˲ħս˵۹ĸ𣬿ҲѾ޷άֵ۹ԭͳΣȳħĵλҽ½֮һøħħͳεΪԪ½Ҳǰ˵ط
·ֺʼֱＫ۹ϽǱͳȻ½ȻҲ˽½۹սս˥䣬۹֮Ҳγ˴ССʮʹ۹ʣһƬʮֿĵ̣ǣ۹ͳͳ

һ߷Уһƽţܿ죬ƾħͳͬûţֻӺͼ壬֮䣬Ҳħ֮һʱҲ໥սϣƽϦ֮С
ȷʵߵ£ֻҪ㹻ߵΪȥһӵұ֮
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˰ɣǳؽǣҲԪ½һ߼࣬뺷Ϊ˵Ԫ½նɱ࣬ȵţΪڹԪ½ЩɭְΧĳǳǸߵģֻеȣ
˵䣬˾ͽǵĳſڣȥҲв٣ԶҲûر˵ע⡣
żĿڶϵˣвͬʱȴַǳ֣߹Ψ续Ůӣȴ̬㿷ǷϣŶǽ
˳ĽǣĽֵϣŽˣƺȻһط˼ĸо֮ǰڵǣֱǵ
ˣ˵䲻ģħȦĶ෴ޣȴֵĶ
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Ҫľһ֮һլԺϻ˸һʺֻ꣬Ҫ꼴ɣʱգͺúɡ
ɻ󣬵ҲûжʣԻ֪

ɽǶһСԺһһŮ׼ĺԺ߷ҲƾɣԺлһˮһûһʯʯʣһжһּ򵥶о
ŮӶǣſһҾߵҲȫһ裬ɳСԺѾһȾ
ٺ٣סһңҿ˿Եҡ
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Ůӵ˵ͷֿƣеЦС䣬Ҹʲôˣ
Ů˵գ˫ֽӡĬѶһ̣߾Գһתɫӥӥչ֮ҲԲһңȴһѹ
С䣬ԺͽɣҲҹۺѣɫӥֻǻǻûɣԦУٶȼ˳Ϊе飬٣֮󣬺пܻħҲӵд˵츳ر˫֮أķٶһ͵


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һҹ޻ڶճסĲ෿ҵķҲûд򿪡
ԺеʯϣŮĿⶼעŷţֻ˵㣬öã
ҡҡͷ벻̫ðɣ
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ģڲǸ˼Ժ˭֪أĿԳΪͳµҼʹԼҲϧˣһѾһεˣʲôأ
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ԺΥǵĳԣҲǵΣ㲻Ҫˣڻֻһʮ߰ĺӣ
һԭֻǰһΪǴδأ
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㲢޶ЦŨˣ⺢ȷʵڲͬһǣѾҹĿ࿴ˣҲԸˣᡢҲ񣬵ȴԼıԺʹ·񣡡
ǰԴӵһμ棬˵Ȼɱͯұ²⣬ۺʱ¼ˣ㳤̾һ
Ҳüͷ㣬׻˵ͬΪı½гǧϰٵĴ壬ʮҪ¹һͳ˵ħˣΪпһ׷ĵ·ȫͬȻ෴
գҲҲǽĵģһҲ˼飬ļ弸ȫȣȻһƬСأҲԶǰʮѾȥϤˣڳԼҲǱͷ½ǺãٴƣҲһֱãţҵ֪ħ޽ʦֿϣң㻹˵ӵĲľȴħӰӣȼ¸ΪһˣȻ˽ò˵Ǹ漣ãѵ㲻𣿡
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㣿кȻỨΰ󣬳׵ĴģΪ¶ԸԼҵ䣬мˣ
һĻߣָ̧һͷãֻҵϣˡȺϣҪŽ۹⣬ңҲԼʲôо˺ңʹ»к壿кȤȻǴʵã͸ǻСĿ꣬׷󣬽㷴ø̤ʵģΪҲкôѵ𣿡
ݺݵĵ˵ͷ㣬ģΣҶԶվһߣ
վһߣĿ⿴Ƶҡ
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ģһ죬ҵģᶨĺԸԸֻħһԶǲʹҲͽǵ룡
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ҲЦˡ
á
ŵ㣬һʲôꣿǱɭ֣׽һ
ҲãԳɹĽӥôħ츳ӦþͿԴﵽ߽ףҪץħ츳ҲӦ߽׵ģʲô޻꣬ԼŰɣÿԶץһֻΪҪ߽׽ʼһףһֻҲһܹԽɹ
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Сһ㣬żҲУеʱ򣬾ͻȰɣһЩԸԹ飬ȻЩҵˣ֪ǵĺԸҲĸԸ׳ԼĻǣҽһЩ֮Ҳ뿪
㣿ɫȻȴԽԽ
ֽ֮ĿƵҷĿһЩմ
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ֻħ鱻С࣬ҲңħȻԪأʵ壬ɫģǳȴɫɫ׵粻ϵתֻӥצҲɫԵøӲһ˫ɫ׵Ĺ⻷ø
ӥӥצӥĿΪ츳ȫı
ͨӥĿƷԼ·ԿĸԶǰֻܿʮ֮ȸǰ֮ϡ


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ɹˣ߽ףƵħοЦЦ
㣬һô죿ߣȻһС
Σмƻʡ
ҡҡͷ֮ǰȷʵûֻһñ׷ɱĵطȻúõ㹻ߵľ֮ٷعԪ½ȳǵİգҵĸĸ游
֪֪һ˵ǲɵģΪǸߣʹﵽ˾żȻǿĶֿ㿹⣡
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˵ͷӵд߽׵ߡʦʦԼħޣô˭ҲС㣬ʹ˺˵Ҳҷԣ
㣬ˣҾȥɭ֣ȶѱһЩħ˵
ħٶ࣬ʱҲòΪħ޷½ڣҪľڸгɳ׵磬Ϊﵽ㹻ߵʱҲӦһ㹻ǿʹǿʼ
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ҪԼȥ˼Ҹ߰ɣһ֮󣬴ĴָϵһԪоѾһɫĶңΧųɴڸպͷ۾
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ܿ죬˾ǵķ򣬵ֵǣԼĻ޷Եķ̽飬ʹڿտĵشҲֻ쵽ʮ״ǰͻᱻһεĴĻҡ
ǵʱûע⵽ġ
С䣬㿴ܵĽʹʯʻľʣ֮ҵˣǻڽм󷨺ķ䣬Իã·赲̽飬ƾԼΪʹ籩ǿл룬޷̽鵽˵ҶҪ˽ģҲ½Ĺԣÿһǳض࣬ʹһЩСҲˣԣֻƾ۹ۿ
һԵ˽͵
ƴͬĵ˵ͷаǰһｵһﰡҪȻߵЩŮǳԿˣڱ˵Ԫ֮̽£û·ʲôرһЩ
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ƺֱÿ̤һҪӦã˫ѾЩΣϵĲţĿڷƣ޷֮£ϵһҶۣƺֻҪٴһ㣬ᱻЮһ㡣


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ԣûе£Ȼڲվԭص̨ϡ
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ǰǰıɣ֪ͨ츣̻Ļ᳤ˣǰλӵͬʱϣɽ˵գָϲŴԪȡһѶ顣
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гɣ㽫ȥֻһָĴСȥʱ򣬶˵ָͺȻĴһ
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ȻֻǴǣȴһԱĸо
ٴͷų˰ɫĹ⻬һ͸ľӣ򷢾ϴһһ֣ԼҲӡ֮ϡ
âջأɽ΢Цǰ䳤ƵѾȷϣ
֮⣬ҪһЩʦϣԼ䣬⣬Ҫǹйص似
ð죬˲鿴ܿͻɽѶһϢ


048 ƹһö
ҪһԺԽԽãλԽԽãĻص
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ɽ̧չһʻױԺͼΣλҲǵ
ȫҪ˵
ȫҪɽüͷ
ȴһ̧֣ʮƵ֪Щ
ǰլԺǶѵ͸㣬ֻǰܷ֪ǣΪβǵĿ䳤ϣ
ΪҵܵƱҸҪݣҷģ츣ΣȻԹۣңڴ˶ʱҲ᳤ãҵĵܵȴҪǴһʱ䣬ҪǶչˣ˵ţĿҲơ
֪ȻҪ뿪Լ˫һҪȥȥСȥ
һЦǣֻ޷ˣؼһˣúõҪǽ˵Ļɲϣ´μʱһ޳ɣ
ƳĬˣĿʹŵ档
ƣղŵѹ츣̻Ĺأһ㣬ͱҪƾԼҲҪԴ˽黳֮޷飬ƾ䳤ǰæ˵䣬ץסƵ֣ƷУƿɱĻԵԵУ
лл㣡ЦֻЦЩɬ
λӣɹչĻգҿƼȥɹĹõһݲĲ£¹뵱һ֮ƾ츣䳤ϵݣҲԸɽ仰һЩֺõ˼
ҡҡͷ֪λƹ϶ǿϣԼĿ䳤ϣллƹһǶһʱĺá
ˣվǳ֮ƣڵ֪Ҫ֮ƵľͻָˣͲһ˳Էˡ
ȴ˵ǧﴦһɭڵɽǣǣ˿ȻֻʮңϽȴ㣬ϣԳΪǳصĳȻڣԺҪʱ򣡡
ɻĵ˵ͷ
ɽ˲ûлػֻнָεļסˣҲףŮ˵˻ǸģǸġ

̧ͷ죬ƮƮӰԽԽƵȴʮֵ䣬ԪиĴʲƸй似ҲǳĶ࣬ȴûκεȥ鿴
֪䣬ƾһҾ¥ǰ̤룬ûзˣֻоƣһϺõľƷ
Ҹλ̳͹࣬ƺƿԻеĹ¶
ƹѲƺȻоһ֮һгСӣǱȥǼҹӴȾƣ
̧ͷȥĸԲļһվţȻ侳ǿߣǵȴվһŮӶʮң̸ϿʣȴҲ·ͷϽڣĴָϻĸָָϸǶŴƵС
ӵԣһŮķ۰ɫѣ֫ϸظľ߹ģӵĻС
в죬ʱȴû飬Ҳ֪ŮӦĸ˼ңץס̳Ҳ𻰣վ
һ󺺼ƾȻץ̳ΪƲԸߣ㲪ȻŭСӣҪǲȣҹ
˵ţһץסƵļ򣬾ʹ㽫Ƹ
˻ֻͷʧתŭ𣬲Ȼֱһӣͽ󺺵ƸƵһԡ
ǣСӣôţУЦ´ƣͨ£ϵһٶû˳ôôûƷλҪǣΪ⸽ĳסûмơ
ͬҲڴԷˣΪߵҲƣˣֻһ䣬λӸ磬ҲƷֻƼɵеŮӣȻϢ֮£Ҳ͸ΪΪŮӵ·λ̽Ĺܡ
СӣҪ֪Ҽҹʲôǿǰеʦٲߣɾͱǲˣ˵ţȫ򿪣ٴץȥ
ֻƵ˫Ȼһ˿ɫĵ绡ƶȻ䶯ޱȵĽǴ󺺵Ӹסˣ壬Ѹٵ˴󺺵Σһ˦󺺱㱻׷ɶȥȻֱӶ⡣
һĻǱ뿴ЦĹӸеŮͬʱ¶һ˿ľܿǹӵо¶һĨɱνͬԩңѾƾȻҲһʦľҲҲ⣬ôҲ벻ǰӵƵľƹȻҲһλʦ


049 
ʦ½ٵģҲ˵Ϊ㣬¡ҽβˣΪսɻȱ
˵κһʦΪء
ӼҲʦȻɱ⣬ȴ¶΢Ц¹ɣλֵܣ֪մںδı󸻹󣿡
۽ǵɨ˶Էһۣ̳˦öңȻ¥̤ȥ߻һ͹̳оƣȥɣ
һĻڴ˹ɵȴֲ֪οڣŮȴͷųʣԹɵҲܸе⡣
ߣ֪ôһ˶ԼĿ⣬Ҳû˺ȾƵ£̤ȥ
߻һ£һ˻æǰӣҪҪ˸
δ
˼ˣҲ֪˹ɵ˼Ůﳤȥ
ƻΪԼլԺеһףž̳ɵ񡢰һֵǰȥɺܿͷһЩԡ
˾ȻһֱβԼǰҲĶ˼ˡ
֮˵࣬Ϊ˾ȻƤ鲼£ʲô˼ңңΪҲ侳硣
ˣһЩЦڹԪ½侳ǺεȵǺεȵأȻ˱˵Ĵ֣һץһѡ
α仯ӲƶĲ࣬ʹЩѾóԺҲ䣬Ҳͬŵȵķֱ𣬵Ϊ±ǵʱ򣬴ʱȵϣиҳɾͣ
ڽֵУҿ˿Χ£ʮˡ
ʮƺиͷˣľ磬Ƥ£˫¶⣬ϵļⱩǿ࣬ǰ֮˵СӣƣѲʲô˵飿еĻ㴦ô
ţѾս׼ͷɻԭΪ⼸ǸԼ鷳ģԷĻƺһЩ
󺺼ɻ󲻴üͷָСӣûүҸ˵үҸ˵ʵɣ㣬ǽģղھƹݵ飬ҵ˿ɶˣȱһʦصǽֻҪǣ֤ǹɲ鷳Σ
Ҽ룿ܷ˵˵⽨ﶼǸʲôģƺ
Ƿӵģôǰ˵ţ˫ƤϾȻ˹ͭɫĹΣһ֪󺺵ĿȻʮǿ
Ƽ˵ŭŭҲͲ³˶ԷԸ񣬻æһЦ֣ļûнˣͻʮְʲô¥ڣԣڽǷĵΪеְҵ
ûпС㻹ô˵ֵǣûУС˵Ϊ߹ְҵ
ϴǲںǣһݺ˽Ե
ͷĴһ˵ɫתСӣǲǹǣ۸ûô飿㣬ǲ˵ôУ磬˭ῴǷӵۣ˶ѽ۵Ϊ¼Ĺ
λ磬˵ʵ⣬ҲԸܸܲңж󣿰мǧǼ򣿼֮ʲôô
ǧѵģмǧһʲôһʮˣңǣҲֻһҽССϰٸȻ󣬵ҲСǸһʦСӣҸ㣬֤ûùӳԣһˣҸ룬ȥͻͷֻҪǣǾͿԱİȫҲûʦݣ
󺺼ᣬδɵӣһʵ˵ʹ˼ֿŵζ
磬ɽʲô֣Ѳɾͽнпа棿й滮зܶĿꣿƺȻоƺ⽨ԼҵĵһģͽǰİɽһдΪ˷ܣͷҲʧ롣
ȴʵֱۣҶˣΪҲߣԳΪǰƵİʲô滮ĿˣСӣǲˣûĻ
ֹͣ壬̳˴󺺣λȺһڣֵҲˣǣҪ㣬ཨΪʲô
ȻΪ˽ң˽ңǲܺϺþƣܴϺ£סϺ÷ӣȡƯŮˣܹ켶ΪĵҩҲһһھƣ˼ֺøУ½½˵һѣֺһھƣָ̳˵ȡ
ƽͷҲһְҵҲҪ滮ģ˹滮ԽԽԽԽǿֵǶ£
˵ţȻ˵ϡ
Ǵ󺺼ˣһЩǲǿˣʦǺε󣿿ɿСƺʦݣض񵽱ˣСӶȻǸոǵС
˷׷ѧƣȶ


050 ̻
ֵǣҪٻʵǺܼ򵥵ģҿֵһǸڵĽе㲻ͷɣ
ô֪а
ͬԩңֻҪɵӶ֪ǣǹɲˣˣĽôûĽǵǸ̲
˳˼е͸Ƶ˼ˡ
ȣǵ̫ͨӦȡһ쵱ر֣ƷơȻٵø֪档⣬ǵķֹҲҪȷ
ƿʼĵһݽʵĴȷĹ滮벽裬ʮ׳κȴ־ʮȷһһ̸ͨȻذƵһӣҲ˺ܿںϵ֮С
ԶһֱŽ̸еƵˣں±֣ҲҿҲͲ֪˵ЩʲôȴȷƵݣһˡ

ͨҲ֪˴󺺽ɣе˶һֱݺ˽ǮСҲǰеĹܼң൱ڻƣ
ҲΪߣ½кͨĹвûȫһ
һҲΪ֣ѯˣҲ࣬ԪʲôģǶò࣬ǵĹԪħʦʦ飬޹أߣҪԽԽǿ
ͨ۲죬ƷֻҪǽս״̬ͬȼħʦԪǺѹǵԺģΪЩ˵Ѫǳʢƴ֮󣬶žһнĻȫһ壬õı
ô֮и̾ͬʱҲ˼־ϲǴľںħҾ裬ʹĵһ˿޽һ꣬ʹԼԪӤ
ڶ磬һȪɽׯԺУɽȫʮˣȫۼôҲ벻ƾȻôһլԺԺ֮ԽоȪΪоſڲݽߵˮռʮĶ߰˰ټ䷿ӣԺҲǳķλüΪԽ
ӵôһطôˣһլԺ˵ҲҪǧҡɶƵĿ׸ıˣĿ⻹ʱʱƵĴĴָϵİָƳƳֻҪĹ۲죬ѿһԪ䣬ӵдԪˣ϶һ˵ģΪοԼСɣ
ɺȻһΣУǲˣ˵ǰϻԼҲҪϻµҪҲѾˡ
ƺһͬվ̨ϣƵ󵱼ңԺȪɽׯ͵ǰפأӽ쿪ʼǲܽаˣǽɽ̻ᣡǾң㿴Σ
С䣬˵㣬ֻҪֵǹϺӣôŶУɲûͷԵˣͨƵһһУԼۣ϶Ƶı϶иҲԼｨܵ˵ҲֻǾú棬ʲôʱˣͻὫν̻ɢ˰ɣ
װƵӵܣ
ɶƵµۣ̬ҲעɶشӡӦ
ء
һڵھȪɽׯǰ𣬲ʲôڣѧϰһֵȼϵ͵䣺
һʮŸϵǰͷţܶǰע
һϽɫľ޴ң˾Ȫɽׯ¥Ϸдɽ̻ᡣԱһԲε£ҲƵĻա
໹а˸֣ɽȻɣƷ̻سƷ
ʮ޴󷽵ŮôϵȺţд̻ľӪԼƣЩŮӣҲƴӸ¥߼ġ
֮⣬ڴǰһӣһдƸ£ԼƸԱʹ

һеһУƶִӪʽţ̶һգɽ̻ͷǣĻʵĴʻ㣬޲˸оʮֵľ棬Ҳ׵ľƳǵнɡ
ЩͲµˣԼôһ֣϶Ϊʸ֮ģȴںҪľǾ˽ֻ֪ˣŻͶԼ⽨̻ܲ׬Ǯȫںںӵһ֧ԹԼ֧ԣƸλ侳硣Ȼδʮ꣬ΪѾﵽ̾ģҲʮֻӭ
һ죬ƸʮΪ侳ĺӣʮλʮߡ
ɫ䰵Ȫɽׯǰ˷ǵûȥԽԽ࣬Щ˿ɲ̸ӦƸģеĳԱһ类ھƹжȥλ󺺣Ǹɣȴûз֡


051 Ҳ
ϵԼ̻϶ôױ˽ܵģЩƸӵˣʹĿŵˣҲ϶ڱҡ
ɡǮСվھȪԺſڵ̨ϣ·ϰ˵ĺӣΪ׵ˣھƹбӳȥĴҲУһ۵ЦɣгϢ͵͵ȻôһլԺ
ɴһ֣ԭ̻մˣ
ˣѾ᳤̻ˣﻹ룿ҽˣרŰݷû᳤˵ģ˵ţմ˾Ȼװģɾһ
ҿɲʲô᳤ɽλֵҵĶңֻİţ԰մˣͲҪɱСˣ
ɴЦ֮һЩ֪ɷƵĶߵС䣬ڳɿ̻ˣҿôӦԣ
ȴĴЦѾ֪ɽζԼϣ˵˾ԼǸͷ񣬵ȴҲҪˣֻһˣȻվ㽫ҲӦûһЩԹ԰ɣ
ԣæǰλմ˰ɣСˣǰ̸֮մֲԸͰ¥֪˵׺أ
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˵ţһָ¥Ϸң֪˸Ȩ̻᣿ɽ̻
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Ȼˣھͽɽ̻ȥڳɿᶨ
գüͷⲻ𣿻Ŀŵô˵棬ϵЦҲıֱɫᶨҲӦأ
ƵķӦڳһ㶣֮ջߣݲ㲻Ӧ̻ϰٸﹲͬ齨ģκһҪӽ̻Ҳղ׿ڳϵģ
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һãһƻղŻԼСֵܣת۾ͳ˶ңȻأȷ¼Ĺϵȴɽȫжʹ̻ҪԼҲнڣ˵ԼӶۡȻˣҾԸɣ
ҲֽĿڳɵϣûУ⽨ӵĶӳѾش㣬Ǹ̻ᰡһϵûУңղ˵Ҳֻǽ̻ļල̻ᣬʹǼලҲǽһֹƽ֮ϣ¼Ĺϵ֮ƽȵģɶ
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ԭʦʧʧҵ˼ˣ̻ᣬ̻ᣬֻһͨͨĽ˿һ뽨йص̵ˣѵ̻ỹϰճԼ̵ꣿ
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ǲǣԲ֪֪ɷԸϷдд裿
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ǿɲһʹʦҲֻǵõϷĳϣԲԣֱȥ̻Ǽǣ̻һʦ֤̻ܲܵõ̻ϿɣǾҪ̻Ļ᳤˵˼ˣ
գȻЦˣȻˣΪҪд裿
㣿û뵽ôԼӣɫʱͱޱȣãһͽȻ˲֪ô
֪֪ôҲ˵㣬λûʲôĻذɣҪǰӵ£Ѿ
ڳɫһɽ̻Ტûе̻Ǽǣ̻Ե̻в⣬ˣţ鳭һвƲ
ʲôƵ˫ң
һ֮ƵҲȻ糤ǹ˫ӥĶڳɡ
Ʒŭʹǰǰ˷׷ֹͣ˽Ų
˫ţֻⷽԲԷرЩոˣжС̣һǩǸüͷ
ν൱Ͷֻͬ˲ˡ
ִֹˣץ󣡡˫ֽӡٺһ


052 չ¶ͷ
ĸֵʱ򣬾͸оȻԪغȻֹã̤ͼԭأŲƳף͸оײǽϣгһդһӣһ߸׵ѾɡǮСͬʱס
Ȼʹãͷȡ
ڲûôѧϰ츣̻䣬ȷ֮Ȼ
ȵʱߵɱһߣҪң
ֻ֮ϺȻͷųͭɫĹâ·ͭˣ˫ץס۰һͱˡ
ֻǾͼӳʱǱȴ˲ֱָ״̬ң֮֯ķ϶ֳ࣬޹
˲ǣƵȻݣʧӰˣһ̣µĵص׺Ȼ̽һ˫ֱۣץסĽףһ
ɫޱȣص׵һ̣Ѿ֪ˣû뵽ƾȻ֮϶ὫҲ·ˣۼ屻³˫ֻæӡֻͷ˫ֺȻֹͣһɫٶޱȵĽ˫
Ǿ壬ȫҲʦңƿ֮ҲߣԼ̫ڴ⣬켶ûóҲеڳɾң
Եڳ֮һѾץסļһᣬȥ챻ƴصס
ǣغȻһȪɽׯǰĵ֮ѣʯŷɣ޲ɫ䣬׷׵롣
𣡡
һʮɵĲȻӵصǷڵǰצڳɡ
ڳɫ䣬ֻɿ죬ŲƼ䣬˫̽ɫָ֮ϣγ˾޴ӰצצͶײһ
䣡
ɣڳҲͬ˳ʮ׿⣬ͷ𾪵Ķ
צأߴʮɣڣ趯һӥ·Դ͸˵һ㣬תŵȻûչ˭Ҳҷͬؾ޴ɱ
ƵħΪû̫࣬ħʦףǣħ츳ȴˣͱܴ˵ѹһСΣ츳ԽߣԽưԽѻ飬ʹΪûߣսʱȴԸӳãȻԪصٶҲӡ
ҲƸսڳɵԭ
ʦӵħ飬ôܣߵƣħڳɵȫġ
ʦҲΪߣ˶֪ģȻ࣬ȴ֣ʦȻħ飬˲ò߶ȵӡ
ԶĽһͬüͷͷеɱ˷Ǳǹɡ
ԴھƵﱻ֮ѾĽƸǺˣڳɺ֮ҲȫΪá
ԭԳͷģȴַƾȻӵôһӴլԺü˼СģΪƵıд䱾ĸеˣԼԼһ
뵽Լˣ齨Լ˲֪ˣ֪ܲתŲ̶̵ʮ꣬ܺȣ˼߹·ƼĶҪࡣ
ħڳɣҲӵصˣƿصһȴȫĽʦ˫˫۸Ľʵʵ
ʦ˫ֲܶˣǾ͵ڷһƸûЧ
ץסĲӣŭĿڳɣڳɴˣ֪㷸ʲôĴ󣿡
ڳüͷ壬ڰԼĹҲѣΪˣûһǿĺܣ
˵ƿԸ뽨̻ᣬǸ᳤ҲӦУص
ڳɲٴ˵ڲ֪˵ı¶Ϊ죬ΪԼʦͺ˲µʦȥˣϼһһȻ˿
ɫͨ죬ȴһ仰˵ֹֻ֣һ㣬ɶԷԼԴ󱬡
ͻȻı仯˶֪ǺãڳҲ֪ճֻǾĶƣƵ²Ҫô
ֻͻȻ䣬ڳɵĶߴһ΢ڳɣ˱ɱ۸ĴۣҲԲ´ˣ򣬽鷳󣬼ʹıǿǽɱҲǲ֪߲֣
ڳգһ
㲻ɱô͵
ڳһͷѾ˫üһݣƵҪԽƱ磬֪̻Ǻ׼ǵ¡нͽ˶Ҫָ̻ȽվȻҷ̻ǾǶͼı죬ɱ
һ³ȵգ˫ȭ⣬׼ħͷ˹ȥ
˵գ׷׵Լıơ
Ƽˣȴٴ׹˲ûصףͬʱħȻ˫չһһëɫʸƿֱ죬ͽ˶УڳҲ⡣
ڳȴû嶼һ˶ȭû켶ֻȭͷȭͷõȭʯķ꣬ħ
ħ˫ϺȻתϽ׵磬޴ڷɶֱգɹĶ㿪ڳɵһ
ڳȴûоʹֹͣһȭؽʵء

һէ֣ڳƾűɹĽȭͷħצ֮ϡ
䣡
粨˰ɢȥħһֻצը飬ڳҲȴ׹䣬ֻǣȴϣײ
ڳ벻ǣ˫Ÿһأӵص׺Ȼһѳǹ
ףͬһ죬磬˲ͻĻֱ֣塣
һ¿ɰڳŵҪҪǱˣʹҲûʲô˼ˣ˶ɡ
ԣ鼱֮£ֻܾܵĲ塣
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Ƶص͵Ϯһǹ̴ĴȣĴȸƵҲӵص׳𣬳ȴﵽʮ׵֮󣬳ǹһ˦ͽڳħħһ˻𣬴һţͽڳɸҧȴûɱ֡
ڳɱǵħǿ񱩵ʱᱬըȻԪ֮ʹͷ


053 
һ֮ƷڳɣԼǸʦ죬ЩҴħٴζĿ࿴Щˣһ䣬Ƶ
ң﷢˴ĶҲܾסǣ׷׵Ϸݣⷽš
̤ϲħĿɨ·ܿ죬ͽĿ˲Զһ䡣
ͨߣ޷ﻹһˣƵ˫ȴӥͷһεӰ͵
е˼ˣͷ죬ʹһֿ䣬һ켶˸޷ԼƵ˫ȴһЩη壬֪ԼпܱƿˣȴûǰǼٺˣ֮زز
˭Ѳǹɣ֪кȻ뽨̻йǾ仰ԸӣǧܵСˣư֮ħ˵棬ͬʱڵص׵֮ϡ
üĿĶƣץǣҿ̻ύΥּ⣬ֽ㣡
Ҳûֱӽɱˣ˵ɣҲӴ˶ͬʱħҲڳɸ
˻һЩ߷߲ӣȻˣȴʮֱΪǶоԼʵսûзӳȴûƷڳһ˲֮ԭˡ
λ֮ǲһЩ᣿΢ЦƺղŵĲûзһ㡣
գɫ࣬ⲻŰ˴ˣǳ𣿽ˡ
λʵǴԲˣǷ᳤̻Ҫʾ᳤飬ȴûУƾһ죬˭֪ǲǼٹ˽룬һ᳤֪ˣǶҲ϶ⲻ鷳һңҲҪ̻ΪУλһȥȻȥ̻עǼʦһҶᰴĹ涨£طˣٴΰӲ˵š
ˣңɷ֪Ҳƶѿࡣ
ƣ
乫ӣ̻ټһ˵᳤Ҳһʮֻӭĵˣ
ڳ̤ϷƷڷɶȥ
ڳǺ֣֮ڳֻйܾסκ˶ǲ÷еģҲ޷УΪػԶԹɢ켶˷С
ȥҲص˱Ժǰ˿ɺ˵ȣЦݣҶȥϢɣʲô˵硢СҰһ´ңҾȻطϢˣ
ȿ粽룬˸䣬ͻصԼķ䡣
ŶԺȪɽׯģҲΪȴһֿյĸо
ƶһվڷȴȻû˵صףܿ죬ͳʮ֮⣬ͬһƣȴԪӤȻԪضɣںΪһڵصǱС
ڵϣһӰüߣܿһ̫ƽ֮ۡڣۡ˲ûһͨʹܿ˸ۡеһɫķ֮ڡ
ģһŻɽһ˴磬ͨ˿ʳ
ڴ˽ȥ֮󣬻æһСļү
ɰôô˻׷ʲô飿ɽʮӿʵ
ˣйؽ³Ǹɽ̻Ķҵ飡
Ŷ˵ɷܷã
ˣݼΪأ䣬ʦС벻ǣ˾Ȼħ飡
ħ飿еһӺǲķʡ
ɵ˵ͷ
ʦǱҪŴǴȿ϶ˣħǺε츳ʵ
ԹܼңӴ˵ħѹԿӦ߽׵츳ΪʲôʦҲ
ȼôߣħˣӵôߵȼħ츳ˣΪԹܼҵüͷ
үСΪ˾Ҳ׵ĵ˴ˣ˵ֻˣһŮһȥһ츣֮ŮӾ뿪ǣö֪СΪӦ츣еˣԲĿŵ̻ᣡ
츣ˣү˳˼ǺεΪ
ףȴ俹⣬СΪѾǿսˣ
ԹܼҵүΪ˷ģףʲôˣڣҲÿȥ˶ǵע⣬෴ֵԽԽã׵ĺͽ̻
ү˵ͷĿֿ˹ɣӽжҪĽе侳ǧϣϽ̻ǫ֪ôȥɣ
ǣүСףɹˡ
֮үȴƲЦЦֽ̧ϵһľд򿪣ȡһֱʮ׵͸ˮ򣬶ˮȴһֻɫϣֻֻϵĸͷе߰׵ĳȣټϴǣرǸԵ÷ǳһֳ͸״̬ԼԼɼһЩ㡣
ֻ켶ϺǱصһģ˵ֻϽϣӲȻֻһֻϣȴħ޵ľ磬׵츳ҪǣһֻϺ󣬱ڽ͸㣬ܷΪϱү˵Ц䣬ͽˮݸԹܼҡ
Թܼҽӹ֮󣬼æлүֻѱһֻϺγɵϣ޷סġ


054 Ϻ
ΪΣүɻ
ΪħһǩԼԼħޣȻ߽ħ飬ǩԼԼħ޸ȴֻһϺѳΪµϣǾͿԸоϺѾΪͻ뿪ϺɱӶӵµϺԣϱ޷ģ
ѵϺҲ޷ϱûʲôү¶һ˿ǡ
Թܼԥһ£գҡҡͷүеĹҲǶħƣҲΪ
ү̾һ˵ͷȻˣҲǿˣȥɣʹһֻϺҲ߶ħ޵İ֣
лүԹܼҹ˳ֽŹˣ˫֮ȴ¶εĹâȴһţа˵зԳһֻϺһȺϱΪãүҪҷǳļɵٷĵĽ
صԼķ֮󣬽Ųϣʹûˮգ˫ӡĬ˫΢գһɫĹͷ˲ûˮ֮ڣԭֹϺȴȻͷų˺ɫĹâ
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ص׵ͷΪȣΪϺͷϵǾȻͷһε겨ƣⲨеһƴݳȥģʦͲܷ֣ʹʦӦƿصƲһҲ޷
ɺϵǣƿصɫƣ벻ƾȻصôΪҪƶԵУͱҪԼһͺױ˷֣ͨĴ֮Ҳױַ̽ͨϢȴ޷ġ
ܿͽӵ˶ԷϢң
ϺԹܼΪȣصȷʽĪҲһӦȻӦͬһưһͨƣϺ󴫵ݳԼϢҪβӳˮ
ϺҲû뵽ԼźŻĵõ˷ӦֽƴϢֻҪⲿƼɣ
ƳĬˣԹܼΪɲ⣬³ΪпĽħʦľ磬ΪղԹܼͷųħѹҲͬܵˡ
Ҫһ˵ȡˮ̸ףһŪãԼҪȥ
һ̣ƾ˺ģ͵Ϯ͵Ϯ
ԹܼѾħˮ֮УϺսؽֻҪĺã˵ͿԳɹ
ԪӤ壬õص׵ȻԪһ˲ǹһŶ׵ƣͬʱ˹
Թܼ˫̤ĵȻһǹֱĻλ
һͻԹܼͷһ澪㵣ǹ磬㣬ѾˣΨʹԼħ츳滤塣
ֻȻ黯·һһ𣬳ǹһǹܽ⣬޷ǰ硣
ͬʱˮȴһɫ˿߲źȻ飬ʹõıˮֱըɫȴǣϺ׹˵棬ѳһڣϺ׹С
ʲôˣԹܼŭ죬ǻ滯ѾǹȫڻҲ׹صף֮ɳݣĵҲ˶һβеƼۡ
ԹܼƵǣȻ͵ϮԼһӵһƺһЩɵʣȲ˵ΪʲôҪ׷һͳ⡣
գĿӵʵϣǾˣ˵ɵĻħޣҪϺʵƵС
ΪȻߣڵص׵ٶȴ޷ȣڵصˮУȻΪƾżȵĻճɻȴ޶ãټûջԼħ飬սǷǳĵµģܱȵ϶߾Ͳˡ
գ֮䣬ƾͶӳ̫ƽĵص򣬻æ棬ڵϽ̤ƷΧһĽתˡ
Ҫĵκͻ̽ܵƵԹܼҵ׷
һȴˣǾԹܼҵħǻϺԺ֮УܵԹܼҶԸӦ
ңԹܼҸȻ޷õϺôֱʹħ齫Ϻɱ
ϺƸ漱
ƽ⣬æֻΪҲǩħԼΪһħԼռ䣬Ļ͵ӵ˱֪ԸԸ⣡
ϺһȻԼͲһ˿УȴѾˣ꺣ѾһŻ𺣣Ҫ츳أ̫η棬ѾɢˣԷħΪϾҪһȼ츳Ǹ߳ȼԥƬ֮վӦƵҪ
ͷһϲ뵽Ϻ꺣֮УȴҲһ㱻һոɾϺѸٸһʱƵĻꡣ
ӡԼ˶ͣͬʱƵıѾħԼռӡɣϺľѪΪϺͿٳһԼռ䡣

ϺƾʧԼռ䣬ԼռԷ˷ǳų⣬ʹϺԺ֮еħֳ壬֮С
ƵԪӤɵıȴҲͣûصףɢȥֱԪӤ̬˸Ƶıһ
ԪӤȻԪ֮󣬾ͱ˴СˣܵȻеƼСշ磬ǧ׾Ҳֻ˲䣬ٶȣǱԪܵĿö࣬ԹܼҲĪ
ԹܼҼȻʧȥƵټĲһѪջħ飬һ֮УȥϸĹеÿһˡ
ȴƵ涼ûм̸ֺϳƣջԪӤӡУ±һߣϢѾȻͬʹԹܼ棬ƲϣԹܼҲûޣ޷϶ϺǱ͵ܵġ


055 Ϻ
ҹ̫ƽҲеˣ̫ƽԿڵ֪Ȼ˶ȡԼ͸ԹܼҵϺ֮󣬲Ȼŭŭ֮ȴ޿κΣôȥң
ƺܿ췵Լסɢо޷͸ǽ֮ŸҽϺ
𾪵ǣϺƺΪܵ˾ţȻѾʼˣңѾȻԼռжų⡣Ϻ츳Ҳ֪ΪʲôȻﵽнףƾնһ츳
ǻѻһ꣬ʹˣƵԺдϺĻ֮ˣɵðֵħޣ˵ԶʱھѾ˵ģʮʷΪӦӵһҲΪ棬˺ðӵн׵츳ǽΪͿԴﵽĽħ޵ľˣ֪ѻὫΣС϶ΪǶɳﵽĸͬľ磬Ǿ͵ӵһȺǿϱ
ԽԽ˷ܣ֪Ϻ϶ֻֻҲֻңҪ˶ãϳϺͻٴѣԼϱҲͻԽԽࡣ
ӵƵĽϱǾ͵ӵһǿ
Ҳ֪Ϻʱ¶棬һү֪˿϶Լٻ˵ĻŷԭҲǰӿԺϻǾܵĵ͵һЩС
ҲΪһ鷢һʱһ㽫ǱħԳʨ޸ˣٵԼռ䣬ֻܹħϢȴ޷Ϊ沢ûʲôȻԪأʱҲãᵢħ޵ĳɳ
ֻħ޵̫󣬲ϣСҲû⡣
ôأѵͻɭ֣ҲΣհ˵ͻᱻɱˣƺͷʹ
ǾȷһţǸƾͽԪ̽˴ԪУȡһй鼮ϸĶ֮ŷԼǰ֪ʶǺεǷȱ
ͨǿʹɵģҪӵиǿҪʹ
Ȼһ־ƵĶһЩľɽʯȣǾƵĲλиγɷҿԷʹöΡ
൱ɼееңҲǷָе͵ģÿһƵĲͬӵеĹҲͬ¿ԷΪϵϵϵϵָϵ
ֻΪȻɣʦҲֻܺĥӹƻе·ҲͼΪϡ٣һǳ
ԣʹʦҲ࣬رΪϵ͵ʦ
֪ǸûУǸ̫ƽˣ뵽˹ɣоȻһϲ
ܿһЦԼѾ˼ˣԼûеģ뵽ֻȴܶǸɡ
ıˣ˱ҪӦ޷ֵĳˢʹǴԽҲˡ
ϵʦܷ䣬Ѿ磬طϣһǿϵľӦҲϵɣֻǲǾıֻͷŵγɵģ֪ǾǺεȼǺУ
ٴΰһеÿһ֪ʶǰĲ߼ͬĹ治֪ǸǻΪͬʱֹ϶רһĽ졣
ܼ򵥡ҲѣΪеƼ䷱࣬Ժܶǲͬģƶ˵С
һͨͨһ֪ȫӶصĸ˽⣬ԣܶʦԼصһ棬ȴĹԡҽиߵͣʦĸߵ͵ȼֵĸϸͬǾż
һͨͨҲڵľ硣
Խ۵ǷʹõƣѾʮֽӽˡ
׸ȼʹʹκ䣬ҲʹֱӻɱˣΪꡣ

ƿʦ֮󣬾ͽעЩˣ츣Ҳֻ弶弶֮ϲûУȻ޷ʹãȴӰѧϰصķġӡμ֮ɫҲѾˡ
ʱϺȴȻһϢˣҵҪˣҽе˺ǣҵԶԼռ֮УػҵĺǡҵȺ
ʲôҪˣƾޱȣæջ˼Ŀ˽Ϻϡ
ʱϺſƴǰϣѶѻһ
ǵˣʹҲҵĺҲ׽ңԣҴǰǻصԼռʱҵĺǾͿԸӰȫĳɳǻʳҵֱɽڣֻҪǽҪɽٵʱǳˣ
ĺҲԽԼռ䣿ɻ
ǵˣΪһǵʱΪǩԼռ䣬Ȼ˵ūͣԼռȴǵļңǸصˣԺǱϽйͨҵĺǵĺӣҲԼԼռзܣֻϣ˿ΪҵȺ룬ԲҪǺƽͬ˲õıѣˣԼռܼڣǲŻһȫķϢ֮أҪǵʱǶȻˣ
ԼռпƷʡ
ܣҵ꽫Լռںһ壬ҲԶ޷ٳֻԼռĳɳɳȴɿԶԺǲӰ죬žԵȨѾ֪㣬ΪкǵԶ飬ҲԶȥ˵ūͣϺص
ƳĬԪ̽ѣһٶʮ˸
ܿ죬ЩѾͱϺǵԼռ䣬ֱÿյġ
ֵ֪Լħòˣһ뵽ԺȴܵõһȺϱַǳڴ


056 ʦ
ļգÿˣеȫ̾ߣˣ侳ģֻǵһʮˡ
ټµʮˣԼЩӶˣƵľȪɽׯѾﵽˡ
⼸ƹҲƽԴһڳɰƵ֮󣬽̻˼ÿ춼֮£ֻýɽ̻̻ȥ֪ԼԲ֮Ĳ֮С
֮⣬Ȼûһ˽ݵģͲòֵ˼ˡ
ЩƵҲ⣬ֱգŴɺǮСǰ̻ᡣ
̻¥һߴ߲İ˽ǰʯ޷϶Ȼһ壬ʮɣǶһŴƵԲ飬ƻֺȴֲʧš
Ҳֻ۲һݳɾ͸С
̤У˽Ӵ¥ΪǶԵȵģһʦֻһ㿼ˣ̻ͨͻעǼǡ
˵ص㣬ǮСһȺˣ˺ܼ򵥣ֻҪʹУ𿼺˵һʦ꣬ΪƵǼ֮󣬾һ䷿䡣
˫ӡһͱˣ˵˾Ƿֹ˵Ԫ̽飬ֻҪǽ֮УҼԷУֻڵΪıֻҪ켶׵ǿʹ粨ͻɢȥǣɢȥȻᷢӦĶڽʹ˿Լʱ֡
ɴˣʦΪԽߣôܽĽȼͻԽߣǮȻҲԽߣһΪʦҲ߼
ЩûʦĽֻܸݹȥгȥ򹴻ʯϵǽ
˱֮⣬ƻһӹ̷ǽӹ̣ʹǽ岻׵
ѾԳ֮ΪһĽʦˡ
ԹԸԳĵõ˽̻һһʦƾֻ֤Ǹһţ㱻һȺΧ£
λֵܣɷԸ
λֵܣģֻҪǣôÿͻһһΪ꣬Σ

һˣȻܵˡ
λѾԼĽˣƻæ롣
Щ˵İۣƴǮСɾҪ뿪̻ᣬյſڣӭˣһڳɡһ죬лһϽ۵ˣֻȴӦľΪ
մˣּˣ˵ȥݷأҵĽʦѾͨڳЦ
ڳɲûƣλеȴ´ƣưɣ˵㲻Ҫ̻ôڻעʲô
Ƽװк⣬Ц֪λǣѾ̻ȥˣֻΪҵĽȡһɽţ֮ǰȷʵΪ²Եɣλ˺
Եɣ²ô򵥰ɣ㲻ѵ㱳ҲЦЦĶơ
ȴоԼѪҺƺֹͣ궼һȫһ䡣
̻õ߼ʦǫСֵܣȻѾ̻ȥҲûʲôΪģһϣ̻ãΣ
ǫ˵֮ƲŸоָɵóһ߼ʦ
Ϊߵʦ߼붼룬˵ۣԼҪ꣡
ԵɺǮСζǲͬʱһ
˼ã˵ǰ֪ʲôô
ǽΪṩҪ䣬Լķ
ʲô
ԺҪ̻õģ
ܲҿǼ죿ҪͶʦ
Ҳãͨˣʱ죬ҵģǫ˵գȻ̤ȥ
ֱԶƲŷԼĶͷѾһɺǮСҲľȻĿԼ
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̻᲻򵥰Լͷ໹ɵҪ̻ᶷⲻҪҲҪԺ˵ư̾һڷɵɶ뿪̻¥
˶֮ǰǵһʦгһЩʯȻҪǿɻǾͱҪ㹻ʯ빺һгϸûУ룬黹Ҫȥ츣УȻĶҲֻŻС
ʯһʯһӲҲǳñһϣͺñͨĻֽһʦ乴ʯϣӹ֮γһ׵ķҲȥƸŽӵܡ
磬ƻصȪɽׯ˵ɺǮСǸʮ˲Ƕˡ
ҿһţȥվԭһǱǸܵģȴûֶˣֻ˵ߵԶסģֻһߣƾ˰֣пԴˡ
һڴƵĲУΪȱ˿öʱ򣬺ܿһһ˵һѣ
죿ڵһ¾վҴȥ˴ţǸӰ֮˫ͷųĹâм


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ɫȹ˿УƮ֬΢ЦԺпţ֮չһЦ꼻ʢС䣡
ƻæǰȴֲ֪ǺãȥסϲһȴּƺⲻԼ׽ɿЦ㣬ˣϿҽݣ
˵ͷƲ롣
һͬǰģĸŮβڶ˵
һʹþȪɽׯЩǷ׷׺棬ǵŮʲôϵѵŮˣ
У˽ĸŮȥϢһңһϣЦ㣬벻Ȼ㽫˴ûʲôΣգ
Σе㣬ΪıԼϢѱһЩͽ׵ޣһͬУԣɭеҲûʲôΣգΪ޵İʹǽȷǳĿ죬ֻǵ½彻һЩС鷳
оӴ
ҵһˣȫɹǵΧɭΧûнɹڣΪôˣ½˹עģʱҲûŵĵص㣬һѰ㣬ʵҲԭģϣܰңĴԪ䣬ǴɹһЩΰͺʳ˻ȥΪҪĶʵ̫࣬Ӷ̶˵ĻҲ鷳ķѵʱҲǳáһǾǨ;ľеһУҪǿɱΪʳ뿪ɭ֣ѾܿǺ
˵ǽ֮ϣѾ
идĵ˵ͷ֪дǷˣʦӦֻһˣһװԽɭ֣һӴḶ́Ҳҿ޵򣬲ɵģ˵ҪΪԴסˡ
㣬ڻȱʲôչվһͬǰУʱ˻ȥһЩ
С䣬ڵǮֻ࣬ʱ·ϣɱʮֻһõʮһ˵䣬ͽʮһͲȡ˳
ƼˣȴһЦ㣬ܵڲȱǮҲӵôһԺˣҪΪЩǣ
գ˫֮¶˸м֮ɫ֪һһۼֻһǧңʮҲֻһңǮҪһʳǵĶɹͺȻǱˮн
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С䣬лл㣡оȻһЩʡ
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˵ͷ뿪䣬ƽ֮󣬶һͬա
ȱٵľʳΣƵĴԪռ䷿ô󣬱װЩǰġ
һ֮ƷԾǣ¿˿Ⱥɽһ޴أУɽɭˣһ˾ͣ
һСӱߴȺɽдɭ֮Уļ׷岼ɢСӶ࿿ɽĵطƺһͬ׹䣬һΪԲľʷǰ֮вΧ£˹
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ʱӷ߳һӣӴ˲ͬǻϽװͷڣƤԺڣȴΪ׳й֮£ѿߡ
һƣһ㶣֮üͷĿ֮󣬱¶ЦݣŮ£ڻˣ֪Ҽҳ飬㿼ǵΣ
Ļ³ǰȥҳ˵岢ǣҲ˷ģԲǵĹϽ򣡡
Ŷô˵㵱治Ϊһ룿Ӧ֪ûǳİһŲȥңҲǳ࣬һ˵ȼϸߵʱԱûУ³˻Ѿ˼вζ
˪³ǰذɣȻӳɭ֣Ȼлȥİ취Ϊǵǣ
֪ô³˸ҪȻŭƱŷ֪ǿŴȢΪ檣ҪҪˣʵһ˾㹻ɱȫٸտǵʱ䣬֮ٲӦôǽɱһȫץΪūΪͣԼŰɣ
˵ɣ³Ҫڷɶ
Ƶһ仰ȴ³ͣգҾͿԴŮ»ش㣬ԲӦǵҪ󣬸ǣ
Ŷ³ע⵽ƣֻƲҲ֪ƹ֪ͨǺˣȻ˵˴󻰣
ƣӦԼǣûʸ񣡡
ʸҪǿȭͷģһССĶͲ³һЦȴơ
ֻûһȫëէʵʰļѹȫħػԪӤתͷųεǹԼѪ֮Уѹټ
۷壬Ѿʱ̤ľ磬ǣϷ򻹲ĺԶ³ҲĻᣬҲ֣ܶΪʵ̫ͣƳ

³һ绢һȭѹĿֳεĲƣֱơ


058 
ƶٸϢȭͷδȭѾʹ޷ȣ׼˫ֶǹѾ֣һǹ˻ȭ硣
ʵʣߵȶײһ𣬻δǹȭͷײƾ͸оƷ飬ȵɶȥ
һȭƣߵʵ֮࣬ǰ֮ԿڳɣȫΪ͵Ϯħϡ
յȴ⣬ҪͨսԼ侳ľĵѪһ൱佫侳Ѫ֮С
Դһ츣̤¥֮󣬾ԼԼĸоԼ⾳ѾԼѪơ
һﵽ־磬ôһһһʵǹ
ƴһǹٴӭ³
ǹȭ棬ȫӲƴ

ٴαһȭڶѾѣǹһ֣Ǳɢ
Сӣ³ƾȻʵʵĺԼӲƴսʤ˫̤棬֮ͳĽӡȴ֮һȭǰѹһХգ۾͵Ƶԡ
Σֻ˫ץסǹˣǰмܡ
䣡
³ȭͷƵǹˣǹƵϣ쭷ɵˣ˫ڵϻĺۼȻˤŵ滬гʮףײһľݡ
߾
³ôߣһе֣ǽһȭһ޴ȭӰû֮УݺȻ飬ľмɢŷɣмγһյĴӣƵٴεɣˤʮ֮⣬һѪеĲǹҲ˦һԡ
³ˣһЦȥ
ˣæƣС䣿С䣿ô
ǿһЦѪ˿ǲϵ㣬û£
˫ǿŵ棬վĿ³ԶĲǹһУǹԶɵУսѾ֣³ΪĿսʤң
³ŵĻоȻһЩûףȴҲ˽ɱ뷨ӶСӣͷ㻹Ӳȭ
һ³˺ģȫ򿪣һѰȭͷɢȥԲʮ֮һУɢɫĹâȭͷ֮ϣÿҲŹ
δȴ˫ֽӡʹ乥³
ȴæץס㣬趯֣ˣ
˵գһ֣ǹֶȥһ磬ֱ³
³ˣ˫ȭϵĽҲȭȥһȭӭ˲ǹһȭȴֱơ
³𾪵ǣԭΪԼȭӰȻὫǹɣʧˣǹڽӽȭӰʱ򣬵һתγһУֱӾʹɳȭӰһƽ³
ͬʱ³һȭӰҲѾƣƵӰȴȻһΣʹѾʧԭأȭӰĲӰд
ǹҲʱ³ͷһܽӴֻǲǹȴ޷³ڣΪ³ĿڴѾʯһ㣬ͷųɫĹâ

ɢ
һһӳһɵĲǹкȻɳһǹӰͬʱǹıȴȻ顣
䣡
էʩŰԲʮһоըɣƬ೾գ³ǱһɴƳʮ֮⣬ˤڵأĿڵ·ȫը飬沿Ѿݡ
벻ǣһأһʺѾ˲ٵĻһ˳ǹֱ۾
³һκˣֻܻæۡ
ɱܵסǹ
һȭ³ۿ룬ĺͽ˵ϡ
ƵĲǹһǹģһǹҲһǹƼǹȻ޷ƶԷĻǾͽǹʹǹ屬飬³ըɣǹȴѾһ³³أǹͽ˸󡡣
һΣƿȫƾԵУԼвټԶ̹Ϊǿһٻɱ³
ԼȴҲ˼ޣųڴ˲˵ҲĴڽ³ɱҲ˫ֳ˫ϥϣֱ
ȴѻȸ˸۵С۵ĶѾ³ƺһжġ
ڣһ̤˵λӣ㣿ɱ
ôˣһԷıƺлԼɻ
ǸǴ´ˣıǣϷҲЩȥɭ˿е֪һЩǵ飬ǵĳһλ߾ߣɱ£϶ΪɱģǽǳŹǣڿŶûվȰ
գҲһЩΣУѾͷˣǸղѾ˳ˣҲˣԼɱԷ϶ҪԷɱԣһ
Ҳ֪ԣȴֲƣϾڰԼƷǳĸмǿһЦС䣬㲻õģȻѾˣǺҲûˣʱһһе塢С㣬ûκεĹϵ
ƨôûйϵһ֮£Ȼ˴ֿڣǳڻԼ⣬ԼˣⲻҪġ
ͬôһҲסˣղ˵ҲһĶһΪҲƷ
³ɱģһϵûУֻҪʸڷϣ˵³뿪ˣ³Ϊʲôʲô֪ǳҲɱΪ³ƷŻ˵
ǽζƵ𣿡ü
ֻҪ㲻˵ȥ˭֪³ɱģʰʰҲۼɣȽʳȥ
˵ͷԸȥ
žԵȨûгΪʦ֮ǰгϿѹѾ֮ĵһˡ
һһǧˣ½ۼȡʳΣ֮ڿնȥ


059 ˫˫ͻ
һ̤ͬƷգƿ˵㣬Ժʹﶨ𣿡
˵ͷһЩ̾½֪ƣѹͷϵ䡢ʦħʦҲǳĶ࣬Ҳã֮У
ȴüͷȴ뵽Լ˵һ仰Ҫʱ򣬽ȡ
ѵѾ֪飿ԼҺ֮飿
һЩͷˣһˣ˿϶ϣܶŮ飬öŵ֣ϾѾʮˣһҲձ飬ǰһõط
ǣΪǽȥ˵ĸҪʤϣõİֻΪ̫ߣʮǰĹˣ̫֮УҲкܴѹһ޷ʵĸоҲͲǰ¶¡
գƻǽЩ׵ԺˣΪЩʵ̫硣
ҪβܳΪǵĳûͷȻһģ϶Ҫȵɹ
ǵȥһ츣ˣʲô취ûУҲˣ뵽Ƹһ΢Ц黹ǽҵİɣһ취ΪѰһʵ֮أֻǵǸʱŮſɾûˣ
ȴεһЦŮ˵˾һ峤ֻʱҵƣڴҶѾ֪ıĿҪ˶ãҵЩ˾ͻֱɣҲкܶѡ뿪䣬뵽½֮У
˼
һ˵ѡҲϣҵ˿ĸã
ȴô˵ѾĸˣҪɱ³鱣ܣҲǲܵˣ
üԶܵģֻҪҪ飬ᷢʵ
Ƶ˵ͷԽЩ㼫ΪҳϵߣҲȱˣʱǸǶ򼸴լԺҪɸǧӦǲģʣµЩˣҲᾡܵΪѰҳ·ǣҲᾡ취
ɫжд˼飺ҲǴɭӳ࣬治֪ôıµģʵûа취ɲΪѣ
ҲйģƻشͬʱĿҲĿԣԣȴһЦȴֶ֮Ѿһμǰ޹˼ӵˣΪ̫ûм棬ҲΪ໥¡
ȴҲ֪֮ĸǺ״ƵģֻǶ˶ż

·ǣھȪɽׯʼ½ҪƷȴ츣
ԭǲô츣ĹϵģҲǸ̻ЭѾûа취Ҫѡö飬˺̨ܸ㡣
վһ¥̧Ͽ˿̨ףһºһȥǰ㣬ƶûиоȵĲ֮󣬲һЩһŲƣ̤¥ݵʱȴͣҲϣ¥ϣ˫һֱ̣붨
¥ĶɽܼȻ֪ƵǶǳɻ󣬵ܿǾһЦΪѾǽѹĹˣκ˲ôš
ʱƣʹħ鱣ԼԪӤȴڳļѹ
еĲǹ۶ɢɢ־ۣȫѪҺ籼Ѫ֮УɢȥĲǹѪҺ»صۼ˲ǹ
ʹڵ΢ԪؾۼǹḶ́Ƕ߾Ĵþͬǹһд͸սֻ߽ͨɢȫֻи߽׵ߣܾۼĳһ³ʱֵƵһǹʱ򣬾ǽؿڴѪ˽ʯ״̬
ֱҹ˫ǹɢ磬ǹɢȻҲҪɢɢȫѪҺʣʹѪҺƺ˽

ǹֱ֮⣬ֱεѹѾٴ롣
һǹ˲ͨëɢ

һǹ¥ԵǽϣĽ
أ֪ҵǹܲͨɢȥԵĻǿֱԽ磬̤ʦĸˣ
룬ƱȥǹֱӾͽ֮У𾪵ǣͨһȻ֮ǹ⾹Ȼ˲䵽˲һ㡣
Ƶǹ룬һȻƷ·һͨϵĽƵǹգ˴Զ

Ȼǽ壬ƵǹҲȻȻûǽ֮Уʹǽڲһ죬ڲο׶·⵽ĳһ㡣
Ҳ츣ǽڷͬһ㣬ֻһסլ¥¾ͲڲַôˣȻȻ顣
ĳɹˣȻˣԭֻҪԳԣǾȻĳˣһʦֱӽס
ѵ󹦷໥ںϣҽ񲻻ӿݣٴΰ
ʱ¥¥ݿڳˣɽܼңɽ΢ЦϲϣϲϣΪ˫˫ͻƣʵѵã
ջ˼æ̤ϣɵ¥ЦƹǲҪ˳ƺĺãҿûôϣǽСɣ
úãݣɽ˷ܡ


060 üĿ
Ͻýɫڸǵ˷ܣǶóƵֻʮ߰꣬ϵëûгأʮ߰켶кܶࡢʦҲв٣һףﵽףɹҲָö඼ǱϿᣬʵʵѾܴˡ
Ϊκһ׶һż޷ġ
ɴˣҲΪʲôҪ䳤ϵתøƣҽǺչˣᣬ˵Ǳޣﵽ˾żҲпܵģǸʱ츣̻ȻһʵƿԴﵽǴ˵񼶾磬츣ǿһԾΪ½Ķ֮һ
ԣѾȥˣҲһڣΪƵҲ֪̻۸
ֻǴҲۣΪʲôҪŪټ֮ǰΪԣҲһֱţ֪ǱǶȻϹˡ
λǰһʵҪǰæƿżɽ
Ŷʲô飿ɽڳûʲô԰Ƶģ¶˺ġ
һɭֳѣ峤һӳɭ֣½ɹĵطǣȴûиŵ㣬ңܵǳѹҾǰʲô취ʳǵ
ǰҲõһϢ˵дɭ½û뵽Ȼѣڸڹ֮УΪû˸ҿ϶ЩûйԪ½ļϸҲûֵĴ㣡
ȫģѵ½ҲûдǣƷʡ
½ֵĺɢûԼֱϵأǣԪ½֮䣬ûֱӹϵҲ̸ͬеĸˣʹ½УʦҲкܶ࣬໥ɱ¾ҲڣҪǰæȻܣ
ô˵ֻˣ
С䣬֪жʦ
ֻ֪һʣµȫͨķʦûдﵽ켶磡
ɽüͷһ͸Ѱˣ켶ķʦܻӭ飬ڸ֮侭սʿܿȱ
ǻ統أǰܷ˵˵̻Ǹõ飿ϴȥ̻ᣬǸǫҪҼãԳ߼ʦһ
ʲôǫãɽڵһ¾վ
źǼĶɽƵĵ˵ͷ
ô˵
ңҾһ£˵ǹʦ˵
ɽųһɲԼ츣Ŀ䳤ϡһǱ޵ˣ뽨̻á
С䰡Ҹо֪Ĳ࣬½ЩǿǿͲ˵ˣ򣬾˵ɹɣʵǿȻǹȥ˵̻ҲƵһ᳤ǰ˾䣬ڳ͢˵ڱչãɹڶһš
֮Եǽ̻ᣬ̻Ҫ·ģŮӣ᳤ҲǸŮǿˣܹƣ⻹񽳵￪ķֵǴ׵ģʵݺӣֻ񽳵ʦԱȽϿɣʦǿȤòżģɡ츣̻Ҳһһ̻ͬҲãʣµıѧԺɹĴǿߣȻЩɢɢɢʱҲݺӣƵҩʦݿΪģ
ԭˣǰ֪̫ƽˣʵ
̫ƽǻݣǹıܣôˣ
ҡҡͷʱȷԺлǰ̸۴˰ɣǰҴ㿪ԼĽѵҪ̻ܽĿƣҿѾ̻ע˽ʦˣ
ǺǣɲأҲҹ涨н˶̻ңʦȤõԭͬʱ˲ͬãûʲô˵ģ
ࣺҽӳɭֵе˶ӹ
ӵǲôףǿһෲˣй涨סķܳİٷ֮ʮʹҪһҪԺȵķˣҲôװɣ
ǰҲǰҽ뿪ʱңҪʱ򣬿ȥȡǵĳ֮λǰа취ȡҪЩʲô
Щʲôɽüͷʵ⼸Ҳ飬ȥʱûһ׵Ĵ𰸡
·򿪿˵С䣬Ҳ£ǵĳҲһˣȻǿƾŲƫһ硢ͬߵȡȴ޷õ͢ʶͷᣬΪϾ̫ᣬҲûйҪõҵϿɱȽѶȣ
ƺϿɵĵ˵ͷҲ֪ԼһС䡢ұΪҲߣҪܵҵӣҷΪһ֮ȷʵס
С䣬ҾʦݣһЩ£μʦƷչȻ⽨ǲһЩƷԴΪͻƿڣҶͱΪһô
ʦƷչͷһϲΪȷʵһͻƿڡ
ɽһЦѵˣҲõǣұ¹ܼȥһǣǸŻܱһ˵ƽģ
лǰֱӹһΪǵ顣
ǰһҪһԪ䣡

һ츣νջĶ࣬ҲԼȱݣԼ̫ۣ˽ʵ̫٣ʹµǰ˶һЩǵ飬½
ʱѾҹˣصɽׯѯһҹִڵˣ֪סԥƬ̣˹ȥ
յſڣΪ½ŲűѾˣȻԴ΢Цš


061 ϵ
ǰԼѾй˼֮׵İױˣƵֿʼˣ̤뷿䣬Ź֮һˣֱӾͽ˻У̰㷢ɢζ޹ǵˣҲ޷԰Ρ
ȴҲûзɫ֮гһĨߡظ֮⣬һξժӣﻹаŮʣ
ɷ˵˺촽һ˵ĺҲʼ
þãֱ޷һϢ֮󣬲ķֿ
ʱƵȴѾһʯָָǰָǳСɾ£滹һЩƣһ֪Ůá
ǴԪ䣬͸㣡ץסܷܷ֣Ľָָϡ
Ȼָ֪ĺ⣬ȴǱġ
С䣿ܹأڲΪһôˡԴԪļ۸Ҳһ˽⣬֮ǰҲصصȥѯһȼ͵ĴԪ䣬ҲҪһļ۸ǿǼֵǧңʹԼеĲƸҲٷ֮һ
ȴһЦգֺݺݵһڣЦÿǷңǾҵߣһ׬Ǯң
׬Ǯңסˣ֣Ѿܾûˡ
֪Ů֮ʱҲδķôˣļôģԴӸĸȥԼ֮ѾԵˣҪΪȺ롣
ɽͻȻһҪһңұҪҪӦ
ĻشȴоһѾֽס˴ϣ˶ѾѹϣʹһңԲ˫ֻסƵľӭƵǡ
ƵȴԽԽʵѾֱӰǷϣое˶ȲĽ·ȥϣ˶һϴ˫ָ̽Ƶķ˿֮УĽ䱧ס
ļϸȣỬ쳣׵ķſеһ֮󣬱ǳӭƣӵϷתϡ

ƵļƵĻУȴ˯⣬С䣬Ժ㵱ΣҺȻ½ˮҪȹԪ½ڹԪ½ʱȻܵѹȣȴǿգһŪþͺп⵽֣֮
Щ㲻õˣƸǹ⻬񱳣иȥǳ̸˶ܱһʱҪ÷չҪԼȻĽȴ޽϶ǮԻҴеһЩóˣ
ţ
ֻҪŬҪһ˲ѣҲҪΪԽˣУ֪һˣΪξֻһΪδﲻ־磿
ҡҡͷ˵ǶеᣬеʦӦòŶԣҲ£ҵΪ̫ͣ鲻ʲôԭΪҵȷʵ޷Ӧ
еô£ͨļʦҪͨһĹ󣬿еͨʦù󣬽ӡ֮У֮ǰҲ֪飬ȴǼΪأ
ʦԭֵȼģ˵ĹǸҵĳݴͳȥģ
ȥģ˵Щࣿпдͼֽ
ûУϵϵϵϵϵϵϵϵֵܣµһˣλڵĺÿһϵһй涨ഫڱжϣ峤ϵһֱϵΡ
˶žΪֻϵûпϵƺȻ뵽ǰİŶݼ֮˵еϵǰİûһϵϵΪʲôһţɻء
ͬȴɻ󲻽⣺С䣬ʲôϵ
Ŷݼ֮˵ű֮أеϵƶӦţȴΩһţһ룬ѵֻϵ
԰ഫҲֻϵҲû˵аϵŶݼʲô˼
ˣ˵޷ʦһϵйأȹɹҪƷ֮һͬУʱٺúõĹ۲۲죬ŶݼףԺ㣡
ãȻĵ˵ͷԽ׽Խ޷˽ƣҲƳصԭ򣬻һΪҸ顣
Ŀԣһ⡭
ճƲһͬ𴲣ලɹʳƷˣһٴǰ츣
츣ȴ츣ã츣̻һ츣ݣվǰƾͱǰһʽĽˣ̽Ƿܣݶϵߣչ£ϼ⣬ԡ
ɹΪĵطôݣΪˡ
ǵģݳޡ
ſڲûʲô䲻̤ıǣܳеģ޲֮ˣǺ϶ŻĴԪ䣬٣һָһȵĸо
ɫ˿֯۵ƣϵ˿УһɫƮϴǸӣȣĿƽͣҲмָҹζ
̤УĿһеƷۻң·ΪĴƷ
з䷨¡ı籦
ָӦоС


062 ʯ
ǾƷ֮еĶȴһܽȥģݵĻԱܽȥ
ЩչʾƷ֮䣬һչƷٳļ۸ưüͷ
չƷҲԹ򣬵ȴǽңҲңҼ۸Ҳơ
ҲУֻµңʯɣ溬һԪأһô
һٽҲܶһһңɴ˿ɼµʯļ۸൱һʮ֮һ
ȴֻͨ˵ͨǮңȴݡΪϸߵʹãһľҲʯĥɣһݵ
ʱƷǰвۼһչƷܣչƷһһĸŮţʯͷȻʯӦÿԿʯ֮ȻƣƵ򼸺ľ·˶٣ͷ֫ʵһ漣ԣʯͷ˽˻ᣬͨһλͨյʦʯһƷ
ƼȺֻһһ˸ߵıɫʯ֮УĹһɫƣȫǰľֲֻСֻ࣬ռʯͷ֮һ
һۿȥⲻǲ˹ŪȥģҲ̫ˡ
ɺܿ죬Ժ֮ȴȻһִ󵨵Ĳ룺ʯͷ᲻ӿɾʯͷʯﰡ
ϧϧʯǳĸʯʯʯһȥҲͲٷܳµʯˣ˿ϧĻʯٹʮ꣬ʯпӵأ
˵˻һλ׷ߣһȾİ£ɫΣмֳζֻǴʱȴϵ̾Ϣҡͷ
˵ļǣ˭ʯҲԭذɣмԸϼʮأ˵ƵʯôһʯҲма
ԻһߣĿ֮Ҳ¶һ˿̶̰ŮЦ֪ʯԸԸ⽫ʯ
ŮһЦǰʯ˲ûиҪ󣡡
ǿɷһԸƷҪʲôꣿٴ׷ʡ
ϺʯʣµʯУǹƣֵһµңȻǰǱҪɣ򣬾Ҫ⣡
ʲô⣿˽ԾԭһЩʦҲ׷ȴˡ
Ҳû뵽Ȼ˰ԵҲ⣬ǩԼɹ˽õֵһµҵʯҵʯһΪϵȵļƷʯ㹻ͨˣʹǶΪҲмĺô
ʵһݣȻϡ
ʯ˿˵ƷҪ߱εȹܣѵֻǼ򵥵ĵ̣һλ۵üʵ
ȻǣҪлҴﵽ߼ļ֮󣬻ʯܼĶ
˶ĬˣҶԲ³ӵʯˣݶȻʮΪҲȻʮָǶһ㡣
ǣȡǾͲòԴˣˣǿóݣݣҲΪ֣׷һƷʰˡ
ԣȺз׷״̾ϢܿɢȥˣĶʯƳ߼ǳȥ档
ΪԼӦ޷ʯڲƹͨѾעʯԵˡ
ȴԼУһҲУǺûд˼ˡ
ΪҲ֪Ҫ⺬ƵʯɷҪ֮߱ӦӦ򣬳ӵмΪҲһԱ֤ƻ˿ɹĴ߼
ң֮ǰǸΪߵѾ˵ˣʯٹʮԣƱȻСԣ򣬾Բܳ״̬˵ģԼ֮ԲӦе
ĳ棬һ°۵湫ȴ΢ЦĿ粽һȣһƵļͷЦλӣѵӦʯ˵Ҫ󣿡
ע⵽ԷüĿ㣬룬һӴ磬ԷǸŮӣֻӭһЩȴƲĶ࿴˼۶ԷԷжᣬһЦλС磬ֻǺˣԲŶ࿴ۣ
Ҳʯܺ棬ϧϧ価˸ҴӦʯ˵Ҫ󣡡˺ʧҡͷ̾Ϣ
ͷһæˣڶԷĸͷߣƻ΢˵ĶߣϸλС磬Ѳʯˣ
˱ͻȻĿһæһȻһЩΣӦϿ죬һţæصҲֻǺ棬ʲôˣ
Ŷһλѣ˵ʯеƻһӦ
棿˺Ǽ˲ͲԼķӦһЩˣεЦЦָ֪λγƺ
ƣ
֪乫˵λǷ
ƼˣȴڰװͼװɣݼЩԱˡ
еµλѲڴˣԺлᶨۿʯ
٣ܲڽ
СΪôżƴĶˡ
Ҳ֪ԼѾ޷ݣӣҲˣҲ㣬ȷʵʯˣȷʵǳҪܷһ
ǺǣλС磬ʵλֻһʦʹиӦҲ޷Ǹ߼ķ
⵽ֻҪʯеиӦɣ
ƳĬˣΪóƺʯͷǶиӦʦ
һ룬бһ˿ĽţһΪ׷Īģ
ƳĬҲƺ³Ƶǣæٴδ乫ӣȴҪӦƵʦҪĲǷǿԽһʯеˣ
ţüͷ
ֻҪӺ͹ӵλܰæºµļˣ﹫һԸɷ񣿡˵ɫѾһЩ١
ܷΪ˼УƷһ
ˣһܴ


063 ʮ
ˣƺ⡣
ӿɷһԣܰ£л
ﲻϣҪôǺҵѣƷʡ
üֻ˵ЩʯеƲͬ·ģƺֹʦʵ̫ѰСܲ˶Σ²߰
Ƽ˱ֿһЩҡɷӦ£۳ɰܣ˺ѡ
ǣСԸģ
ŵͷӦʣڴ˵Ⱥ뿪˵ء
һߣ߱һˣƻڵĻϵãʯİߡ
ֻǴʱɫܴ£Ҫ˸ٴˣ
ԥƬ̣ջҡҡͷˣȻеˣǱӲǵƣңŴ˶ὫǸѴ
ԭŮװĹɹŮѩʦ˾μʤ
Լʱ֮ƴݣĵһЩҹӵע⣬ŮʺǾɫգʹҲһֳ˵ĸоǿһ۵ˣ޲ǰһ
ߵƣȴԶˡ
ҲеƷǵۻңҪǶŵԣҲҪСŮĻȸˡ
ǹѩҲ벻ƿеѾȻǸŮӣһ˼һ־̾ʱˣ
ů˼Ϊǵʱ׷ıǸһˣλ֮ء
˵Ŀ֮УƴǸʯһ࣬ѩǽŵĶ
ʯ֮˶ѿڶôܣ
ĸ֣Լ𾪵ɫ˻˵ע⡣
ãɫȴ¶ϧ֮ɫϧϧˣ
ǺǺǣλ֪Ϊοϧμʤʵ
ñ̥ʮ£ʯ뿪˴أ൱뿪ĸ׵̥ȴûɾͱǿȡͺñδ̥ز۵ӤΪӤϧҲΪĸ׶ϧֱԵ
ĸףգͷ˼ݣǻͷһ˵
ǳ˼ɫȴƸĸ׿Ƹ֪ģ˵Ļǰ֪мΪΪĸҵ̥ʯ˼Ϊƣ
ǷѾӦʯеƣѩʵ
˵ͷĿҲѩ
ѩڸеľϲæֿμʤμʤתȥʱ˵ͬ£ʯ˴ԪУЦλƷѾڴչ˶գϷҲҳһ飬ʯǻʼУʶϷӦѾˣ
乫ӡλܷ뿪ѩˡ
ƺһۣҲǳľȣô뵽ʯȻǻʼ֮˵ͨʼ˹ҹ
ȻǺã޷ɶԷԸˣùĿ϶Լ
Ѿˣֻǰ׷׵ͷμʤͬ£һͬ뿪˻ݡ
⣬ѾһϽɫȺʱ󣬳Ƕ䱦ʯָǰ㣬ܲ׳ϽҲͨ·ʯ̶ɣ·ԿӦһƷ
˷׷̤ϽȻһĽŵأϸƷɳȻ߷ɱС
ϵƺһ棬ȳ˼֮ǿͷһ漫Ϊƽȣûа
ԭôʹãܷ֪ʵݣЦһ
ѩһЦԭͿҵŮɹʮѩλҵʦμʤ
ƺٴξ㶣ΪǾɭˣ½˵ǻ֮ˣҲͲ֪ʲôǡ
ʱѩμʤһ񣺡Ƽǰ
ǺǺǣǷ涼Ƿӵ飬ԺҲ񣡡
ŷ浣Ĺ͵һҪݾߵأĻԸͷߣ
һ·ģûйã֮ͣ˳ƷѾһ¥СԺ֮С
ʯ̵أеԪؽ¥һȻƷתʽĻ棬Уһɹĸо
û˽̻ԻͣһأҪ϶౶
λԺƸǶλϢ֮أɷ⣿ѩ΢Ц
˵ͷܷ֪Ҫ󷨵ʯ֮У
μʤʯִӴԪеֱӾͷԺ֮ڣѩʯҹƣʯѾˣΪҪˣʮٵʮģֻһ߱ͼǸʱ򣬱ϣ뿪ʯ֮Уɾ塣
գȴ˾κˣֻ۽ȴμʤڽ䱸ĶԼ·һвԣǽԼɱ
壬˭õԺԲκεƿֱ񼶾綼пܣҲμʤ
ǣȴҵ˲֢֮ҪҽⲢûɵͼɣ
˵ͼɵĳ̶ȣҲüͷ
ѩ˵ͷصļأаţʯеѾƣֻʣΪؼһſţֻҪŹĿλñɣ
ѩĻƺһζӣֻ˵¿пŹͼ
Ȼ뿴棡һ֮˫ջӶϵһɨ⣬¶˵ϵ·


064 Ź
ϸȥԭԺеȻһ͵ͼΣа˴طйģ۴ͬһ飬쳣Ӷء
ֻҪʹӦƣŹʯ֮УʯеһɣⲢѰɣ
ƺȴעЩ֮ˣмȾϲֱʱƺƵʱ˵İŵ˼
ΪֲǲͬģͼҲȫͬڴЩҲ֮ߣһģһΩȱٵıǿţԼ֮ӷ
ΰͼɵÿ˵õһʥҩ
ֻһһʦҪȸӵĹ󣬱Ҫﵽļʦ磬Ӧɣü˵
ֻҪƽͼʯ֮йճɣʣµ飬Ҫ󣡡
˵ͷԣ
ڲ͸һ񵤣ֵҩǿľӦÿùܿﵽľ磬ͻ֮󣬹Ҳ٣Ϊʯʵ̫ѵãһǺѰˣμʤ˵ţѾһֻʮ׸ߵʯƿݸ
ĺ£ưһ
˿ƣ˵ͷŽӹȴ˵лǰ
ǹھͿԷµҩޣĻӦþͿͻƣ棡μʤֽʯ˴Ԫ䣬빫ѩһͬ뿪Ժ䡣
ԺŹرգֻʣƺˣǵĻҲ޷̽鵽Ժ֮һͬݣɫ
ǽˣ㿴ǵҩûм٣
ƿеһ°ɫָ״Сĵ裬һɢϱþΪ֮һ
ӦʱҲֲǼ٣ΪԵҩҲ˽⣺Ҳֱ治ֻܸӦкǿӦòмٰɣڰǵģ
ԣ㻤
˵ͷҩ躬ڿУһ֮ϣĿ
ȴԺ֮УһЩɣѩʵͼһ壬󷨵˻ǵĻȴȫš
Ϊʹȫͣ븴ӵкܴĲܴ࣬
ÿ䣬ʯΪһͬĿܡ
һ̣ƾһǲ൱ڰͬһӵзעʯ֮ڣǿƿذʹʦҲܳΪʦˣĪǹԼʹãȴ˵֪Ӷ̫˵Ĳ¼ɣĴǸã
Խǲ²⣬ȴԽɻϸɨŵϵİŹ󣬽ŵͼȫġ
֮˵֮ϣԪ̽ڣȸӦಿλ
ಿλƷֲ쳣ӣ֮ǰû̫⣬ҲҲеĹɣȴǳ𾪣Ϊ·ߣȫеͼƣţֻһһ£ֻһ
ţ̽ڵڵĲλֻźǣ޷ӦӦеĹ󣬸˵ǴˣʹಿλţƾĻҲֻܸӦ޷ơ
ȷʵһϵǲľټԵʣӦ˱ŵҲͲΪˣ򲻴ﵽļ磬ǲӵָӦġҽŹڣǻôһ᲻˶ȫİţ
ƺȻһִ󵨵Ĳ룬һκˣΪӰ뵽ǰеİԣžڰ֮Уԣ
žǬ
žӱˮ
žӶ޹
žӶ𹬣ľ
žӶ㹬ľ
žϷ빬
ž
žλ
򿪰ţ֮о͵ڴǬƿ˰ԡ
Դİƣʹðԭвݣǻ᲻ʮҲͲа˰ʮ֮˵ˣȻƣǲǶǿڵݳӶƿء
˰ʮġһٶʮˡݳеƣӶƿأ
ƲţҲȥˣֱʱŷǰԶʱǶôĴϻΰַǶԵģ֮䣬ʲô֮࿹
ջؼ飬Ʊ˫֮󣬽ŽգƾʹӴԪеһʯʯΪɫδӹ֮ǰһ㡣
ֻ˫ֽӡȻŵ󷨾͸˳ӡʯ֮У֮ӹ̣Ԫ֮С
ţһʯȡٴʹ󷨡
½½ƾͽȫдһ飬е⾳ڻöֻ֪ģϵ·
һҹ޻ճʱƺȻ͸оϴһƿʼ䶯
أ
һС͵γܣҲ֮ɢʧ
βֻǿԿˣܱԼɹˣƼæǰץס۵С˷ܲѣֽ˻С
ȷʵѾɹĽˣﵽ˶ľ磬ԭʹڼͻƵıԵˣʱƵĻУͬƣаиߣã
һŲѾһһŮμʤѾָŮװʮѩƿ˷š


065 һ
ѩЦվſڣʤѩò֮Σ˫Ŀһˮƺת˼תüĿȻһʹҲоǰһ
ѩͻˣɫһϲʦҪ׵Ķࡣ
Ѿ׼ˣЦ
ǾͶлˣѩ˿μʤ
μʤ˵ͷӴԪеʯ
Ҳû׼ֱӾͱ˫ۣǶͷȴȻһŰɫԲ㣬֮Ŀ򿪣ǿʼʯڲһ𣬶ʼʯ֮й
ֻҪʯпǸӵƣ̸ףʯӲޱȣȻϸСҲǸıڲṹʹƣҲֻʯ֮йƷ䣬֮Žмӹ̡
Ŀ£һ˿һ˶ţеĿʼ
ʱƣ֮Ѿ㺹̧ۣ˲ǽ˫֮۴򿪡
μʤˣȻȡһСƿݸƣܴһ裬˰ɣľкôû㣡
ƴƿ˵ͷȡһŰɫҩ裬ķĺ촽֮ϣУ촽ҩ躬˿С
һжǰȻѾŮʮ֮ҲģĲ³˶˵Ĺϵ΢΢ЦЦ
Ժм䰲˵עʯ֮ϣơ
ǲ֪ΪΣħȴһΣУƺһֻǿħ޶һ㣬ʹһЩңҿ˿ûκεķ֣ԺҲԹˣ޷ݣ̧ۿգħ츳еӥ֮ɫĵơ
ǧ׵ĸ߿֮УƬƬưţȴһƬпһӰӰܵܵƺˮɡ
ţӰ˻ȻɵΣϷ޷ˣǴ˵ΪȻʮָ̽鲻ӥļĿ츳Ӱɣ
Ȼҿ϶Ǹ߿֮ǲˣȴ˽䱸
ķӦͬҲμʤرǵμʤƵͫ׷仯֮Ҳһ֮տȥȴûκεķ֣ɻ乫ӣôˣ
Ƽ˾μʤûܸӦˣְԻǲԼˣԱҡҡͷûʲô׼оһЩ֪ΪΣ
ǺǺǣ乫赣ǣдĸ򣬼ʹӸ߿տҲ޷ģΪնı
Ȼĵ˵ͷĿ·ʯ֮ϡ
ʱʱգʹҲͣЪı仯ţʯеŹԽԽƣȻûôʧҹĳһ˫ȴоͷһѣʹãѾ޷ˡ
Ƽæס֫
û£ɫһЩ԰׵ļЦݡ
ѩμʤȴȥԼĹ۲ʯеƣмΪϲѾȫĳͣѩ֣лл㣡
˵գҪʯԼĴԪ䡣
ȴμʤ֮ϣȻһɰ׹⣬Ѹײڶ֮ƣûʯ֮ڡ
ʦ㣿ѩһ
ԾҲѾˣ׹ʯ֮УʯȻ飬ȴȫ飬ǳֳһΣʯƬһء
ãðȻһ㣬ӳˣμʤıЦֹһ֮ɢ˲ﵽ˱֮¡
ưãͼ룬ǸոŲƽŲ͸о壬ѪҺѸټƤϽ˺Ҳʧȥ˿ƣ궼˼ά
ܿ죬ƾͷʯȻˣһɢһð˲ͽѩƺ
ǺǺǣʯοٵȻԪأһμʤ·ķ
㣿ԭʦͱѩ˵ɼΪ֮ϡ
Ϸ򲻵ǰ˾䣬߼ʦһҲΪʹʯͬʱڰţŰ󣬰ֻҪӵõʯҪ˶ãܴﵽ֮μʤЦֹ
μʤһֱǳ㣬û뵽㾹ȻĹεĶͲҸʺɹ׷ɱңҲҪˣǻʹҿγȥ
ȥǺǺǣһ㵹ùģϷֻҪһɳˣ˭ỳɣ˭ָңϷҲΣԣ˵˻ʱμʤıȻ̧ͷտ˿
ɲҪǣҵĴԻ˼Ȼܹ˼ǾͿԴѶΪӵ𣿡ѩ˪
ȻĻ䣬Ժܼٵ˸һˣбȵμʤ
һҫ۵ĹμʤȥμʤҲţ˫Ƴ֮мٵһ׶ǽײһ
ء
죬ɫâڽӴɢƸԵԺǽ飬涼ѿһѷ죬ơѩͬܵ˳ɶȥ˹Ƹǽϣɱ
μʤʮ֮⣬¶˹ߵӰϽۣߴͷڣ̤ѥȻĶμʤ
ܹܣμʤЦһ
ͬʱ˾͸оͷ֮ϺȻһ޴ѹ߿֮͵һ̧ͷȥһѾ޽ӿ̶ֱ¡
͡
Ϸէɶ˻ͼֹǰѾ޽»Ļ𻨡
ǣǰѾ޽·Ȼһ͸صƣ
䣡
һأزʯ콵еĽݣʯľ޲˳ϯַգ̹
ػĴ󱻶Էһƿһ֮һĽ
ڶԷһ㲢ƵڵĵطԺеļҲͬƷɡ


066 ù
һЦμʤʯ󣬵ѩơĿ֮С
μʤ¹ǴϽ۵ܹһѿ񵶣ɱ⣬ɨһųĽ⣬գβμʤͿնȥ
μʤӲӣʹѩǽ⡣
ܹܼˣæŤתΣâѩഩȴҲѩμʤ֮һնϡ
ĵƲѩȴûƲƺʵʵâɢ䣬鼱֮£͵һתں󷽣ıȴ
ˡ
Ƶ۶ʱͳѣ粡Ĳˣĵʹֱ죬ҪѾﵽвǹ⾳壬⵶ܽ顣
ٰ˭˭ˣΪʲôҪӦǹⲻԼ趼ʲô°ưֹȴȻԭָɣæתľ޸ơ
ѩ׹䣬âջڣܹܵӰһ⽫ѩסػ
ܹܣ׷μʤǧʯѩһ
ܹգûգΪѾһƴˣһɫ۵ˣͷڣ̤ѥһѳ·
ղǰѾ޽ֻгͷųĽˡ
ż䣿ܹܶͷ亹
ʱ·ֳ֮Ӱв֡
ΪΧ£еһۣϸǶ˾ſŰ˼Qͷڣһɵ֮磬ҲɹĹ޾ż䣬ֻǴʱȴüͷĶա
ʱƺѾμʤĿ֮£Ҳ˸߿գóͬһˮƽϡ
ӣμʤ˵ǰ֮󣬾Ȼһ񣺡ʯѾˣ
ţ˹˵֮Ŀ⿴ԽԽߵ޾ˣָߺȵ޾ǵ֮ǰĴǬ̫Կ
ŶԭǸԿ޾һ˫Ũü΢΢һޱ顣
ұҪǼƹ֮ɣ
Կһгհڶһ֮
ϣܹһȣٷɴܣ־ƣһֱа׵Բξ޶ܡ
ء
ɫĽײһ𣬶ƷŤתͷų˽ɫĹâ˼СıɹĽǽֵ
ɱ
ԿһٺȣնһͷһΣһԹȥһѾ²ʡ
һζʦԿǺεΪ
ɱֻûԿξѾһߣǾ޴Ķײһ
䣡
޶ܲûɢȥֻײһ飬Կƶܶһֱ޾
޾ѾȺʱȼǿ֮ս˸Ͳ岻֣ǰ˾ܹҲУʹҪǿеֵٶȡ
ᣡ
޾һϽݽ
ѳĽ׼ȷĶײһʱ·һֹֻ̾ǽײһˮưȦɢš

һըװľ촫ɢȦſ俪ʧޡ
ײеĶ˸ǽתɣǧס
޾ȴ͵һԣɫɷףɫΪʹ࣬ǰԿ㣿㣿
ԿѪ˿ɫȴЦ޾Ȼ֪һӰȻȴ˲ҵԪ񣬿һȴԪɣ
Կ˫Ų̤գ̤ˮϣεĲɢδһĲӰһλ޾
޾ɫɴʹ֮УƺеĳԵ쳣
ֻǣԿĳ޾֮ʱ޾۽ȴһ˿Ϸʣǳ
ţԿͷ󺧣Ϊʱ޾Ӧóֱ顣
СģԶյμʤȻһ
ˣ
޾屻ԿһУǣԿǴž޴Ľȴ޷޾飬ֻ֣˼ͬʱա
˱㣬ձɣһЦ޾Ŀз޾ֱѾȻ̧𣬳ϢĴԿࡣ
һ죬޾ϵϽ۱飬س嵹䣬Ƕ˾ſQһԿ䡣
ԿȻΪʲôûɱ޾ˣΪ޾·һƷķһǶ˾ſŰ˽ļƷף飬QȴɿԶԵУ౻£ʱȴԳܣٵıϸڱѪȫ类ӡһ㡣

Կͷʣ쳤ХһѪѪȴ֮ͣлһɫĻߣμʤǸʯ֮ڣֻʯòٵı任Կ󣬰ٴɢһ紩ԽռһѩԳٻƣ
޾ңҵҪˣȴӵһ壬һ춨ɱ㣬ҪԶð
ʯâţʺһչգţѩơμʤԶݣգ֮䣬ʧӰ١
ɹ޲ǶԿٶȴֻ


067 Ƴͬ
ֻС̴޾ǶߵԿɫ粻ѾˣһƷΪۣŽԿԿȴʯˣԿǺεȹҲŪΪͨ䣬ʹǾżҲԿҲʦħʦ
ֱʱĴֲ٣оżֲλкã
˵ƣֻܰ̾ùڴӦѩ֮ǰѾӱСˣû뵽ѩԼȥˣһȽϷģΪԿμʤûҪɱԼΪʲôҪԼܣǾͲö֪ˡ
½ͬȺɽ֪гԿʯһͬһɽУɽһһεɽɽΪأǺʯΪľ޴󶴸ʯʮ䡣
Ͷ˴һ̤ͬɽ
ӣǣμʤ˱ץˡ
Կջ⿪ȫѺͬһʯ֮УǽϿ󷨣Źرգ˵Ҳӳȥ
ȽǹѺɽ֮Уٶ಼¼󷨣ó⣬һҪϤϤ壬ܸоûԼðԿ֮С
ӣʯ֮ûྫѪҪѪҺӵ֫оʱܽԼеѪҺһЩūͿʹ䣬ʯΪһˣμʤ˵
ѪҺ޾ǲҵģᵱ飬ôҲˣԿɫмΪ֪ûԼʯ֮ǺģҲǶ˼Ӧ
ӣΪʲôҪӽץԭ򣡡μʤ
ŶԿǺ档
ǿ׼ѩҪЮ޾ӵӵûˣҲǸΪƣһβֻǰˣȫ磬ʱҲܸõ塣ǸҲ򵥣ʮ߰ﵽ侳磬ңһʦҹ۲죬һħʦ
μʤĻû˵Կ㾪ȵʲôǸСһħʦʦһ䣿
μʤ˵ͷǧȷ˵ҲȽأȴ״Ϊͽ̻˴򶷹ҲŽҲһʵҲѪҺʹģɱ˱ǣ
ʱҪʹãȲ˵ʹѪҺҵܷɹʹɹΪҲҵų⣬ǣǸ˵ôĻΪʲôΪã
²ôװɣ
μҿԨԴ
μʤҡҡͷһҿȷûκεԨԴ
ͺðˣһ취ɹμҽɵ͵ìܣĻʹΪǰ£ҲҪȥԸɹңҵɱԿ˼
ӣҪҩǿѩձ̢ѩ׵ĻȻٷѩȥʱѩȻᱨѩޣǵĿĲͿԴﵽ𣿡μʤ۽Ƿų⡣
ԿҲɫһϲ⣬ϧǸѾͷԭץҪԼ޾ŮζģҲÿԺúõǸɱȫҵ޾Ȼдע⣬ǾȳȫǸСӣ
μʤҲĵ⣺һɱĹټҲǵţͲòǰˣ
ԿһϲվǸʯڵ磬㣬ȥǼ飡ѩȥҵ飬Ҳˣ޾ҲԲὫ˵µģ
ӷģ˵μʤȻһǲҩܱƽǸ߰ѩˣŸӱ棡
Կգ

Ѻ˵ʯδ򿪣μʤ̤룬ƹһ񣺡乫ӣҼҹﵽһ𣡡
ʱѾһֻۣμʤ뿪ʯΡ
λԿڴʯϣλԿԭǬ̫ӣһλˣҲȲѣʯ֮廹ҪİơȻҲæҿһǸһ֮ʦһؾ͸ˣ
Կ˵ţлͶһƤ飬ݸ
ɣӹؾ
Ϊһ䣬ҼҹӻһЩҪ̸μʤ̧һ롣
һƣƵĵ˵ͷ
乫ӣܷ֪ݣԿ˫ɫҲԵ÷ǳࡣ
޹ʡǣ޹ңһ¶Ȼ˵ԼǴɭܳġ
ŶԿƻǷм٣ǼȻˣҴͽܣΣ
ͽвԣɾܾлǰֻ̧Ѿ˼ʦаʦˣ
ʦˣ˭Ϊߣ
ȲǰʦһֻһС䣡
ҲǿˣģǲǳУҪһף֪ԸԸ⣡
ƾĶŶԷ
ҪȥɹĹ·⣬ҹ̢˵˼ʹúõĥĥΰǰװܵģ
ƲһĥΪĥ㲻Ǻɹгǻֱɱ˵ⲻűҺ㴩һ
ƼȾµı飬ԿŪĴָϵİӣЦ㲻ĥǸѩҲĥңǸҲͬԴ
ʱͳвв޷ܾΪԲԿĥԼŮˣ֮УԿͶһ˿ʹޣֻǿǴɱĿ⣬Ʊ֪Լеڶ·ˡ
Ů˵أܱȵԼȻѾ޻ͷ֮·ǾֻôӦˡ
˰ȴʣ֪ҪĥѩΪӦñһߣ
ƵķӦûгԿԤϣΪҲֻܴӦѾסѩΪֻһͨˣԺأÿ춼Ҫ̢һΣҿɲ룬ÿôҲе˺۲УԺеĻһٸץˣ֮


068 е
գˣԿǱԼɹƲֻˣڽԼһͬңԹԵǲԿΪʲôôԼ
˵㲻ĥǿĹҲԴӦһͬԸңһ룬ʹ˵ԿҲܻԼġ
ưʱ򣬺ȻоһűһɴЮǹѺѩʯԶʯ֮Уʯһιرա
ʱѩһĪչһֱʯΣɫн䱸乫ӣԲˣ
ѩԽˣԽƲ֪֣֪εʱ򣬶ȴȻԿ·ҾͰŮ˵·
ξһһҧһץסѩǰ½󣺡Բ˹
˫һ˺һѩֱӱ˺飬¶ķɫأظ߸¡𣬷ʤѩ
ѽѩ뵽ƻˣæźۻǰ
Ҳ·˺ˣҾˣһۣץסѩ㣬˺ѣȴѩѾᡣ
㣿ΪʲôҪôԩ޳ΪʲôͲҸɱ㣿ѩ¡
ôϻѾȷѩȷʵû˰㷴緲һ㣬һץסֱ̧ۣһ֣׼ǺξǺݺݵһƣôϻ
žžž
ʮƣһ˺ѩ㳹׵˺۰׷ʺΣͳƵǰ
˵ʵȻǱ۸ѩȴҲò̾ѩģΣΪԸУĴȥָʮ㡣
¶̯ˣϣ±ӲҪʮ˴εźãҲ۸㣬ɾҪǸԿ۸ˣ㻹̰ɣƸԼһðQΣҲͷſֱ࣬Ӿͽ۵˸ı˻С
㣿㲻úѩȥƣڵͺñһ
ˣڵ㷴ûõģԸǸԿĥĻʹɣѩĶ
ѩһ㶣ȴС࣬ΪѾ޷
ǱƵģҲǱƵģϲŮҲҪĥȻ˶޷ӱѾעʵΪʲôúأ˵ţƱ㽫ǹԵĶ˿С
һ£ʹѩһֻо·𴥵һ㣬˫ȻֹƵԼȴѾû
˫Ħѩı̶Ĩظ⿪ˣԸоͦΣҲԼ·ȥˣڸ˶˵ϣ˼ףڵ֮ϡ
ԭΪǳѣһһôԼóѣ뵽ѩܿͷſˣûа㷴ԣҲ֪ڷƵĻǽĽҪܡ
ۣ˫ȭգѩȫѾ彻ˡ
ҲҪֲУΪƷԼȻˣȻ£˸ľƵģĽûȣоƵǣлǸԿԿʱԪ̽ŶϷˡ
Խ룬Խ޷ѡ
һһٵĻܣѩҲ飬˵ȫİ
ԪҪ̽飬ѾǲˣֻˣʯҵǽڣԼֲһֲ˼
һʯ飬ҲͿȫıˣԿˣȻ֪Ƶ⣬Ҳû̫
ʯеƴѩСûѣҲûʲôܻ䣬ɣûˣ
ɴڽеѩ˫ۣлƣôˣ
Ѿ˱ԿûʹԪǿйƣ˵
ô˵ԿģΪʲôôѩƵ·ϡ
Ǵˣ벻ɣ
ѩüĬ۽ȴ˳Ƶ塣
ã
Сֹ㣿ǲǣǸǷ治У
û뵽ȻʳôͻȻ⣬ŮҲôذղŷᣬΪأ·ԭһ
ǰƺŮȻأȴҲÿһ˶һգرһЩ伶Ůӣӵ޾ʹԸõһӣȴҲܷһ£ǲȥһζ
Ϊһˣ۱һŮ˵ﲻжԭ£ΩǸ治˵ǼΪ顣
ԣͺˣֱӾͽѩ˵˳ֽǰ·˦һԣϣʵ˵أ
ѩֻо˫֮ȻһӲ֪Լˣһ죬΢°ͣһ˿߰ĻصģǲģңһݺһĻҪӦңһҪҳȥ
Ųǿɲ˵㣡ѾѪĺ촽˿ѩıݣֱС
ôһ֣ѩҲղˣȻһЩ裬ƵŰ
ã໥ŶԷĽҺ뿪촽ѩ۰׾һָֻ̽ѩ֬㡢еԡͦΣ⻬ϸ塣
Ħǡϵ˱š
ҡˡڣѩȫ̱ԽԽ٣˫ֽıס壬֮˫ȸĲסơ
Ƽˣϡ


069 ϶ɽ
ɢȥƺѩ¶Ӱֻѩڣѣڸ˽ƽСҲ¶⣬ͷҲҲʱѪۣҧгݵǽǣݺݵĶƣĿ֮ǧĳ޺ɱ
ڴϵܿ촩룬˵̫ӵ£ҳȥɣ
Ŵ򿪣̤Կ΢ЦĶƣζô
ƵһЦл̫ӵµʹͣӽض̫ӵհ
˵úãԿŻֽŹرա
ȥɣŮסһʯңһʱǾţҵʯ֮Ȼ뿪
л̫ӵ£ƹ̤뿪
ԿƵıӰ˫ȴ𣬶ԭԼʤԿ˵ӣƿţ
ܲţǾҪԺˣֻҪŮһ죬͵ùԹǵģȵҵ֮ڱɱμҵˣʱͲòˣȥ˲飬ƵǸʦ˭ԼݣСӷκһҲԻʮأ
ӢȻˣһγȥͶеԼʤˣһƮ˶⡣
ķ䣬ʱڿǱؾ֮һʱ価
ãƲŴҪ¸ٷɷ񣿡
飬̧˫ۣƵľȥƣȴüͷһ㣿Ǹˣôһζ
һĺ׸֫ȴǽۺ촽Ҳ۸Ҫ۸
˿һٷȴڶ˵Ŀоۼ̶ûڡ
۽໥֪Էλˣģһ취ȥģʹǳȥҲǣƴͬʱԺȴӰ
һ취˵룡Ǻơ
Ŷ
ԿҪȫʯƣͱҪ뿪ʯʱһʯһ£
ΣգƸĽһ֫ǵĸӷ
ѾǵһЩ죬ûƶԻʯİȫģսǸΪȷҵĲл꣬ҹرգôʯԿ˵ͨ磬ǿҲ޷ӳս
˵֮ĻԿٴʯʱĻʯڲͬʱرգʯΪԿʯ֮УıҲӲ
΢΢һЦܵȴѾȽƣ̶γһ޴Ĳϼ룬˰
ԿΪǾż伶ģаʯ˵ˣʹǻһ˾䡢߼ʦԼʤͬܲˣֹͣǣûаվͲҪżȥҲҪһɣҲԸһһЩ˼ʱ䣬ôǶҪһȫ֮ߣȱסԼУ
˵ͷǣ˵ʯֱӱըʹըԿҲˣǸԼʤ
ˣԭôģ̫Σˣ˵ҲҪһͬըȲߣϾҲǳˣҿԿҲһҪɱǣǻԵõһ֣һʱ䣬ңʯѵһ취ԽռΪУ˵ԴԼķ
͵ʯֱƵĴһܿһϲĻҾҪһЩľѪˣʵʱһὫľѪעʯ֮УͿӵһǿķˡ
˵ͬʱȻһƵĴһҧƵĴҧˣƵһѪҺʹӡԼڡ
Ʋûнһֵľٶ˿ǵĹѾϡ
Ȼƿüҵħ޾ȻҪһ׽ˣ
˵䣬ƵоͳһźϸȥȻֻɵ
ħޣ
Ƶ˵ͷһʧȥȥ
뿪䣬˴Կ·ڱĿ񣬶ƹ̫ӵ£ħҪɽһ׽٣֪ܷ
ħ޶һ׽٣ȥ⣡ԿҲˬ죬ͬʱҲǳĺ棬˵գֽƸУֻǰһѾ˶ɽ֮С
ٻħޣ
Ƶͷ˫ֽӡɹ֣ʵٻĲЩϣԼռ֮еͨȻƵģңҲÿһϹͨ
ԿˣȴһϣôࣿԼħޣ
ǣֻҵѣҵԼħޣ˵գֽϸԶ

Ϲڵأڵҳһӣպܲ
䣡
һ׵ն£ڹһʵ壬תûκѵļ
䣡
ɣ
䡭
׵ɣ
ƿǷ·ͣЪ磬ȴЩϣȺֵ׽٣һͬʱɽ٣½½ʹٶʮ˵׽ٲһͬӶָȺһͼ
ʹˣʮ׽ٵʱڻǱȴֿٺʵ
һĻԿ𾪵͹ȻҲֻǼۣȴڸе𾪡


070 
һʱ֮󣬿ɢȥ˶ʮֻСϵʬ壬ֻϳɹﵽһ׽ٵħ޾磬־ۼһֻȴҪ࣬С¡
һ֣Զģȴ𾪣Ϊ֪ϵһּΪ˵츳
Ǻʯɽ֮ȻԪΪʳʳԽӣϲʳľҶҳסϣԿһ
ǰħҲ˽⣿ֽ̧ƾʧ
Կδ𣬿ʧգþδѿ˼ʲô
ãſһοôħ޵ģ
ʵֻǾǵĸףǵĸǰиˣ
ǽǵĺӣͬԿƣˣ͵һȺ޷ƣսɴĽϱ
ƲûзϿɵĵ˵ͷֻ֪Լֵĸ㣬̫ӲŻԽԼãŲ׵ɱԼ
ȻԿǰһ¶ܺ棬һħʦһʦߣֻҪͬʱ߱⼸ֹ̫ӿԴӦɹɹĹΣ
ǰһ£ȫΪɺϣԵɣԼ˵θ֪ǰ
ţԿգ˫ͷųĹâȻ򿪣һȫѹ
ֻо޸Ƽϱ˲ħ㱻ľѹĲܶԪӤûаڵĲǹ侳ܵ˽һ
һʱ䣬еɥʧȫ׸ĸ
ż䣬ǿƥһѹƻɢѪŷɡ
ߣΪ㲻߱£¾޷֪ףȻΣ֣㵽ʲôˣԿͷ֣Сơ
ʱлش궼ˣȫӲ
ƲشԿ֪ѹƵ̫ˣջһ־С˻ָɣ֫о
ǰĺ֪ҵݣǾ뿴ɣƲٱܻ䣬츣Ƶ˳һëԲзɳ

ۼɵɫޱȣʨգϵעԿ
츣Կһƣһۿ⣬ʱü˼һһСӣȻң츣̻ĳ츣˲ڵĵص㣬Ȼ㣿Ϊһη츣ɹĹҶɱο㣿
һ֪ˣԭΪԷӦû츣η壬ڿȴô£ۿԷٴζɱæǰҪɹѵͲѣʵǰɹҲްøУǰЩʱգһǽ̻˸һܣǰţȫȥ
Կۿֿ񱩶һͣԥΪҲ˵飬ֵңʦ׺ˣ
ҵʦħǰһʶڻǴƣⳤҲʦҵģ
ħ壿Կ룬ȴ֪˭ʲôΪ
֪оӦñ΢ôһ㣬ҴûмʦͷŹѹҲ֪ʦʥħʦʲô
ʥħ飿ԿԥˣԭͲ뽫ɱڵ֪ƾȻ츣̻Ŀ䳤ϣһӵʥħʦȻɱ͸ˡ
ȻɱǾͰѱ㵽ĺ·ԿаһһƣڷɶͬʱһɴҲѩɽдһͬ˸߿ա
ǰҪȥƻæջƣ
ȥѵ㣿Կһ
ԩǰʦңҲ͵͵ʹóҪύģ
ԿסˣȴûֹͣУΪʲô
Ϊҳǰǰֻһ̽ɹһ¼䣬к˵ǣǰʵӢӣ
ƨƨ²һףҪҷҲԣǵɱԿһָѾԵѩ
ͷһѾӦѩ취ȥģΪһǰˣôҲȥɱһԼйһϵŮˡ
ԿܿƷԼ뷨УڻɱｫɱˣɹҲ֪ɱģȥϷŮˣ
һδԣƿڴԿ˵ֲҳڡ
ȴʱڵǰǲǾãֻҪг𣬾ͻŹǣ
Կ㶵ĵ˵ͷ
ǰȷʵɹгΪһܵɹǳѹԼҲܵǸȺͼΪޣԸɹĻǰһԣ
ԿɫҲ
ǰһϷǶ˽ѩߣжܰɹȡһȨǲܹԼʤǰɹĸ߲㣬ǰٴӦϣһͬ߸μҶɹͳΣ
ãԿĶʵȻд˲Żɵܿ侲ô֪˵Ǽ٣
Ǽ٣ǰֻҪȥǱ֪
ãھʹȥǣԿҲǸµˣʯ廹ÿأʹȷʵĽֱӸɱˣ
ž䣬ٶޱȣƸͿԷηеģַ˶Զľ룬ֻоһٷĹԿʹ˳ǵĸ߿Ʋ֮С
ǰɶϢ߸ıϢķѰƷʵ
ģҵţҾȥ̽̽ǵĳǺιϵìܣҾΪѵİǽɱˣԿ˵꣬ѾЦݣȴ˲ʧ
ƼˣͲ³˶ԷĿģԿıѣȻǳɱˣڽԶƵɹĶ棬벻𶼲ˡ


071 һн
ɱţԿȴͻأĳǳԺ֮С
ǳһȴԿзǿľǸǣЩ켶޲дħڵء
֪λǰӳзɳһλˣĺ룬νΪࡣ
ǳԿ˫ĶŶԷ
˻æͷǰǳ
ʶһĹ
һ㶣ǰǣ
ʦ˵ͽ޸㣬Ҳǣ
ͷпǾ֣ոո߼伶츣ܼﾯҪע⣬ȴͻȻһʵ˸ˣмǰᰡᣡ
᣿ֻ¶֣ȴȻڵһĲӰֱ

ĳԷȻͻȻһ֣׳һɫƣͷâţڷܾγһɫӡ

Կͽֻнֶ֣ʱͰ࣬ɶȥˤʮ֮⡣
ֻǻδԿٴ׷ˣһų׵̤ǽɫ֣ͷĽɫҲ֮ѣߣΪһܾȵ㣿
ǰѾӦ츣ĹܼңΪˣֻˣһȫǶӣġ
ˣԿһصһعѣһ̤
ҽһһɳͷ
ߣ侳룿Կһ˲价ƣɫ״
䣡
ɫȫ飬Կڡ
һ߾䣬㱻ԿĻɢ˵ҲȷʵеȻķǳ̾ǲֵǮ
һӰٷƬ֮䣬Ժ֮о;ۼ˲ʮˣ徳ȡ
Կɱų˫һɨ˵ȣôҪΪԼĳ𣿹
ԿΪģһεɢ޲ɶȥ
ٸҵͽǽʣһˣ
Կֺܱ뺷³һ仰צһ㣬쵽գԿӰҲ֮ʧ
߿Ʋ֮УԿûһƺЦôǻɣ
գ⣬ǳ⣡ưһ
ǵȥԿֶ
ԥˣԿԼвԼ
ôҽɱˣԿһ䡣
Ǵ󷽵ĵ˵ͷǰɷӦ˺ҵˣ
ֻҪǹԹұ֤˺ˣңᱣǣ
ֻӦС
һͬƣƬ̹򣬾֮С
һˣԿҲǾȣ˶𾴳̶ȣȻ뵽ǰԼǸʱԼĹҲͬԴԼֻϧȴǹƼ
֪ǴɭУǧղֶ֮Щ˹Ŀ࿴
ԿûпЩˣ䣬Ǿ͵Ƿˣ켶ǿūһ㣬ֻЩˣƺԹ
ԣԿûΪ෴ɣפһɽ¿ٳһɽӡΪѩҲС
ƣ͵͵ľѩ롯ˣҪУңΪھɽУԿ˵
ǰģ
ͷһϲܿ͸˲ˣΪԿһٷԿĻ˵Ժӵҵбѱɱ֮

ѩɽУѩתѣɻĿԵƣʱ֪ѾԭȵǸɽˣΪ޷壬޷ʹôѶ֮켶
ӣΪʲôԿҪң
Ϊܣ
ܣǲҸˣѩһϲ
ң˵ţ͵츣ƣղ͵͵ļⳤе츣̻Ȼ֪ҵ䣬ȴִˣҲ
츣̻ĳϣڻܲãѩ֡
ҾͲˣɽ֮в˸󣬸κεѶϢݣƺǡơ
ѩգòľή
ܿ죬һϲȻ˸󣬵ԼľҲ޷̽ˣ۸ʲôӦö֪
˵֮˫ֽӡһξѪɳռ˲ƣ·ƮһźƵС
ѩˣʱֺڵǽһϣƵϣǣ
ҵԼħϣιΪұܣǿԷڳᣬ֪ܲܽʴˣֻҪþԿƿҾͿԴŹ룡
㻹ݣ֮ǰΪʲôʹãѩ쳣
ƳѩһۣΪҲ룿֮ǰǸɽǱԿȫˣֻҪǴ˷ͿԵ֪ܵ𣿵ȴһֻҪǲǿɽ䶯޷֪
ѩǼеĵ˵ͷ
еγһεɫҺ壬ɽĵϣͷ͵죬ðŨ̡
ףеãһϲ
ģ
ûٴȺᣬһһεĸʴš
ܿ죬һԲεĶھͳƵǰƶ˵һסѩ֫˲ûصס
Ǹոû룬ϷȻ飬ŴԿƣܲ˵ģ
һɤӣѩŵüæƵĻǿ񱩵ƣѣ˹ȥƸǼ׹ֱްԿ֮ŷŻٶȣĳһ


072 еŵ
ڵĵصףƴŻеѩǰУвϵĺţѣѣ
ãѩתѣֻȴǰһƬڣڿзһ㡣
ӳˣƾϲ
ӳˣѩ֮ܵ󣬲ɵþ˳
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ӳˣԿ᲻ɱŮأ
ʱᣬñ޸ƣӳȥ֮취
ƴѩڵص״УֻⲻǰǹһȦɹıһǳظŴѩһͬ˵صס
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˷գѩ·ǳص֮ŪλãûڴͣΪָһǷȥ
ֻǣգѩȻ˲֮Ϊʱڣ޷壬޳Ȳѩ׵źۡƽ̹СĹķ͵ظҲ¶ɽ֡
ڻ޷Уֻ˫ַ˫ۣ壬ѾƱ˻С
һŤѩ˳ƣһȻͷԼظ龰޲ýԼĨظ˺
ƣ˵һ飡ѩƬ˵
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ͷЦֹѩĺ󱳣££
ѽѩԭǱˣ߳ŭ͵ƿƣһƲҪƻˬ죬ֱӽſѩٴ׹ȥ
һЦƶƤȴװ޹ľѩ֮ȴѩȻֻĿȴǱƿޣͺһѵĺӣȴֲ뿪˵Ļһ㡣
޵һͿ޵ذ
֪ԼеˣһõĹ˼ίֱԼˣŪ᲻һҪǻȥ֮˰ԼˣǾ͵òʧˡ
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ҾͿޣ˭ң˭۸ңѩȻ˵˻ûзſƣ˵֮󣬻ſƵļͷҧһڡ
İһֵ໽ˣΪѩȷʵ˺ģƵļͷӡӡѪ˿ɼ
Ҫ۸ңһȥ֮˰ΣһӶѩ˫۹Ƶļͷ̧ͷݺݵĶơ
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ҲʲôطĽҰģȥ
ѩһ㶣Ť¿˿ȻˣѾǳغԶˣȥˣΪӡȥĻᶼ١
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ԣѩҲͰ࣬˫ֱƵĲӣͷ
Ʊܸǰΰͱϸ塣
ãѩ̧ͷɫֻ࣬ҪӦҲ۸ңȻȥ֮ҿ͸ʮٸòŮӣңұ֤ҪһƯΣ
ˡ
УͷѾңΪɹĹѾעˣʮһ꣬ҾѾٹһλӶ˻ԼǾԲܵģҿԱһٻΣ
ɲֻǾĿ
ѩˣΪΪʧȥģΪҲѿ϶Ժܷȳ
ҪңǲʵУһ˾ǵǺòײŴɭӳȴܵǳѹǰЩȻóȥæ飬ȴġпܣϣܰȡǳλãʱҲͿԽ˰Ҳи֮أǿҲܶԵˣ
˵Ѿɫ֣ȫûᱡ̬֮


073 ع
ǣѩԥƬ̣ջĵ˵ͷİɣҵֵǸ۸ģ
ǾͶлˣĿĴﵽҲͷſѩƷ
һ֣ӴԪо͵һ·
ѩˣٴŭ㣿Ȼ·Ϊʲôң
ҪҪˣ
֪㲻ģѩæץסܻĽò·ƲȴٵĽ·ϣ˫ͷŵһۡ
Ƴ̾һ
̾ʲôѩûƳһۡ
Ŀǰֵ˵ǧ޾ɫĿǼˣòΪˣգֻϧԵ޷֣ȻǣҲ빫޷빫ˣ
㣿ֱ׵ĻѩԣվĿࣺԺҪǰ˵ĻӦ֪ǲݰܻģһǣᱡԶңʹҲԸ㣬Ҳе˵ĹΪ츣̻Ŀ䳤Ͼͺ˲𣬼סֻǿ䣬ȴκʵȨ˵ݲ̫󣡡
ǺǺǣֻижıǣղ˵Ҫ͸ʮٸŮɻ
ͽӣѩظ崣ǺˣƸĿһϮ˿ȹڿĺܵͣ¶زһ֮£ӯӯ֮״
Ҫﰡǻǿ·ɣ

ɽǧ״һװǵ䣬湫һͬǰ
ԭưܵѾ޽ˣʹҲòĽٶȣڶ˵̤֮ͬͷ
ѩҲѾָ˹ĸ߹̬֮ܽأüһҪĵ˫ңʤѩһͷڷɸ߸ߵ٣ͷϼҫ貵ĹԣֻǱɽ
ƴһɫۣͬɫ˿ƴڷڹ̶ţ޳ͦıֱ˷͸żư
ʮʮһæﴫѶһš
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ѩݼ޾ֱӾͶĸ׵ĻУʿ޸ͣ
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ѩʱż޾Ǹ֮һ㶣վǹʩ񣺡ӣ
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лӹģѩ˫ۣǳȵĿ⣬Щš
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ѩ˵ͷ޿У㽫鷢ľһ飬Ȼ֮֮Ȼ³һ˵ԼѾӦĺôȵȣ
һѩΪ롣
˵ڵ֮޾Ŵƽȥ
ƹݼǫѷĲ̧ͷ
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ԼĽ
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޾˫ɷнµĵĳ㲻֪һɱ߼ǳʦΪӦٰ˼ھżɷʶ
ϣƲ֪飬Կ֮󣬱ʦײβ˭޷֪ľڣȴ˵Уƻæװǳϻ̳Ͽ̶֣˫ᣬ֡
ˣΣܽƽȳǴһ˵˵ɣҪʹʲô
ƻػѩæ̤ǰץס޾䣺ܷʹ͸ƣȻ֪Ǹ峤ΪŮűץסԽǾͰˣȥǵĳҲȥЩˣҲֲŮĿǷô
޾ͷ˼һǳŮȻӦŮѾƽбһЩᣬټ츣̻ǵڱصãԼǳ֮츣䳤ϵݣһһȦ׵ĸо
ɴˣ㿪ʼѩץߣƽȻأǲͼƻõļı
վ޾ǰ˰֣ȥɣһῼǵģϵǸʦϣͣԲƽϳɱ֮£
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ߺе˳ĬƬ̣ѩɻĿ޾ôûʹƣ
ʹѩѵ˲򵥰ᡢΪҲߣȻԳΪ츣̻Ŀ䳤ϣʲôֺǺιϵôʶģһ飬ñȻһΣУǵȸ֮ǷʹףҲ޹ϵǱȻһǳغŮȣʲôأ


074 
ѩȻ⣬վͬĵ˵ͷȻŮԺͶ߶߶ܲ׳һЩҲ벻ȻһżʦǿԽɹҲĪĺô
շסѩ˫ЦŮΪżĸôסģ⼸ҺúõϢϢӣǵúõתת֪𣿡
ѩţɫԴɬƳһۺӣ΢׵ͷţĸģŮھԿӡˣܷŮ⿪
޾˵ͷ

صķؾȪɽׯҽ϶̣һĸŮٰæһУʱҲûʲô·
ֻΪ嶩˴ƷҲķеĴǮȥĻֻȥеǼ
ҪβܾȳƸоͷƤ飬ΪʹȳƺҲҪǸԿסԼĺܣһԿȹͰɱǳͱȥɹҲͲôˡ
ǣԿһֱ帽ţ˶ǳΣա
ҪھͺˣڷУⲽи̾
һŭԵģΪëҪͲأΪëҪȡϱҸŮôأǱץ뿪ҪôлԼҪӸ
һݣóЩǩͬĽ۵ϣϸķһ½ĽЩ޸ĸСһĽн˷䣬һ⣬ȫ׷ɫȻ뿪˾Ȫɽׯ
ֻǣת˰죬ȴһҶĸۡۼȥۡСѾ򿪣ȴԺվ
Ҷǵ֮ۡһҲռһԲĶλȴȽƫƧܼûʲô˼ҡ
Դ֮ƾûҲǵһΣԣۡԵüΪžӲҶǡ
ⲢӰƽļƻʱǰѾۼ˰ʮˡ
ʵƴʼƸ۵ʱ򣬾ѾΪ׼ҪԼҲ˵˽˾ӣͬʱҲľȥ
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һɨЩԼ࣬ԼСˣã³һһɻҽΪʲôҪǣȴЩһǾͻдˣֻʴһ䣬˵ﻰһǻûгΪĿܣ
˳ĬһЩҡͷһЩͷһЩãвĸˣֻǸĸȴĹȴ
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ʮգ׷¶˺֮ɫ
ң׹ҲĹǣҪ׹ԭĹͱҪϳҲɢȥйͷʼԸԸ⣿
һû˵ˣΪ˴˿裬òײŴﵽ̾磬ȴҪɢȥйټ϶Ƶ˽ⲻһʱҲԽˡ
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Ҫ˱Ͳ̫࣬ҪһԼĹȫִԼˡ
ѾʼһԶļƻ
ӽ쿪ʼǴҾһˣֻҪڵһ죬Ҿͱһٻӽ󣬴ֻҪƺһӼɣڣԭشҺ
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ƴգĴԪдʳȥ򣬶ΪߣҪʳҲǺܶࡣ
ңʯӹլԺ󷨣ʹԪ޷׵̽
뿪֮Ʋֻ˴ʳʮֻϣÿһ
ӴԺƼÿһʱͻһˣҲԽԽ仯һЩδĺӣʹҶеҲԽԽ࣬Խء
ȻǺ󻰣Ҳᡣ
ȥļֲɹ˴ƷΪ˹ȥ
ֻϾ֮ʱصص˽һϵ󣬵ȴûнš󷨴ǣΪһЩ߼ʦġš򿪣ͺпܻȫӵĸӦǸʱ򣬽⵽˵Ĺעʵ޷Աƺ˵ûкôп֮ܵ֡


075 ˳
ȻҲʲôûǸ֮ǰĽһЩҳˣмƻʶΪһμʱ·ͼĴ׳
Ʋ֪˽ūʵ˵ūҲΪɭֵʱԭʼûʲôʣ»ʮˣҲ뺷߼ʦľ磬ͬġ
ȻҪǴҲף˵˵ŽǴ˾ȪɽׯǼλŮ֮ơ
ŮǶ֪ͬһҶģ
ȻȻڱֻ˵ܵ˵Ľ̵չʱȹѹء
Կİ£ϵƣֻȴɽȫķֲ˴󷨣ѷ֣Լʤû֣嶯򲻵ö֪
ȪɽׯƽŮʮλ׳ۼͬһ֮Уϸص֮Ž󷨹Լȥϰ
򿪡ҲﲻϵģΪԼ޷ӡŵӦţǰתʼȫǸ⡣
һҪӦԼͱҪԼȴ򿪰еĿţžǬ˵ҲΪֻнŴ򿪣ܿãﵽ켶硣
޵˵һɣ
öʮ˴ſ󷨻ȥԼоͬҲڤ״̬
һʵǾҲҲеźȫһڰеУĻȴ
ֻƻŪתˡ
һ峿ﻨ㣬һһİɫƿţĺһΣȥһˡ칫ҡá
Ϊ⼸ɽڽӵ⣬Ϊƽ빬Ϣ˳ԵʣǽݵѾ
һʯı󷨣Ʊ㵽תתյſڣһŵǰţ
ӣղһ˵ʮ빫ȥμһۻᣡ
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ˣһӣ˵ǵݸӼɣۼæݸһơ
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΢΢һЦƽƬ˴Ԫ䣬̤
ʱƾһΪоӵĻ֮УǰŮӴƵӣͱӭ˽ȥ
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ȣһ޴֮ͤУܱˮƣͤϰڷŴľƷʹ
ŻŮۼڴˣʮˣ̸Ц˵Цʱʫԡʱϸò
յѩɴ͸Ǽĺɫ˿ȹ¶С룬˿ˮͷϽԣ߹次
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˶еģҲܲ³Ӧþѩеδ򡢻ٹӣжһЩԴ׵ĸоִȴڿԳܵķΧ֮УϾԼǵߣ׬˹ıˡ
һЩˣӦҲɹȨӵܣҲǳ󣬷Ҳûʸˡ
ѩǰ΢΢һЦƼ
ǺǣôΪҽһѣλѾҵľƣѩ֪ƶʶˣԱȽ
Ŀһ˿Ĳ죬˲ֶЦݣϵƣһƣ乫ӣ»ٹӺǲţҲѩδѩллľ֮
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˵乫ӿһԼĽ𣿡Ц
ƺԺĵ˵ͷֻǸո𲽣û⣬ԺźӶЯ
һһһЦ
һܵЩӸǣȴ¶˱ӵĿ⣬ЩԼĴƷĽʦһĽ۱ʮֵµĹҲ˿ǡ
һǲŶһ֮ƿڵ乫ӣҼҵĺԷеķЩÿһδСʱǵı˵Ļ̽ˣ֪乫ӿܰæķģ۸Ҹ˫
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ѩˣҲԵЩߣΪƱϾģԭȴӦƵĺôڸ׵ĵǶûдɣνƹҲǴƶʶʶǵĸӵܣԺķչҲһĺôĳȴ˵Цϡ
ѩķӦȻӿɱȴ޶ԣҪƵԺҲҽӽѩƶӣʹˬ


076 Ʒ
ֻǵ˵ڿѩ˵֮󣬽ľЦݣղ˵˻æ乫ӣᣬǧᣬʵһʱУڴ˵ȸŵľۻʧ˹ġɨ棬ҶЦˣЦˣԷ
˵꣬ģ
ǰǰǻһЩİɣ乫ӣ֪гʲôģǺܵΪһӿʵ
˫΢΢һЦλ̨ҸĸߣңҲֻͨķˣ
ⷬش𣬸ƵۣҲ֮ȫΪʮо֮ݵŶ
һʱ䣬ҶεЦЦ˽ύ֮ģ׷໥Ӧһָȥˡ
ѩ˿ƣ̧乫ӣʹģʶʶ츣̻䳤ϵݣ㹻μɹκһۻᡣ
Ȼѩ仰˵꣬˵ĺģһЩ¶𾪵ɫ
츣̻Ŀ䳤ϣôܣһЩ˽츣̻֪ʹ߼䣬Ҳְλ˵䳤ˣƵΪ
һ˷׷ֿʼ̽ƵΪ
΢΢Цֻһͨͨ䣡
Ǻǣ乫ӣͲҪǫˣ˭֪㻹һʦҲѾﵽĸ˰ɣѩ⽫Ƶĵϸ͸¶̫ڵ͵ֵֻ͵ֻʵ䷴
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Ŷֲ乫ӴԼĽأͬʱѾһ˸ɫ˿ȹĵŮǰ
ֻһֻŮԼĪʮ꣬ʤѩüĿ续׼ĹҲǸˡ
СŮǽ̻İᣬҲʮĹۺѣŮҽܵ
ŶͺΪ츣Ķɽ˵̻ᡣ
ģֻǲ֪ɽׯͽ̻ʲôϵֻǺòһԸ˵ģҲʵôֱףͷ΢Ц׹ã
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乫ӣɷԸǽׯģɽׯɶŮӴֻҪ֤ÿ춼Ů飬ôǽɽׯҲʦӴ
֮£һƤҪǣŮȻסĸ첲ǰ˶ϵĦı۰
ʦҸΪɶֵվ˰죬ҲһŮ˿Զ˿в޵ֹ
⻹мҲһĽвһӡ
ʦһǼΪᣬﶼܵӭһҲ٣ֻȴ޷Щ۸ڶŮΪ֮ģƲ֪һжѩΪΪ̫ΣԼĺѴòŮкˡ
ƺΣǰһЦ˺ˣǣǾͲҪΪ乫ˣ乫ӣȻǽʦ֪ԼĴƷ
ҡҡͷʵҲֻǸոմﵽʦľ磬ûüԼĴƷ
ʵǿϧˣ乫ӿɷ񵱳һҲǴҿ۽磿ڳȻҲʦôȴûУ˵˲Ÿ꣬˾̾ƷǶʶʶأһ׷˼
˵ʦԼĴƷʱ򣬶ѡñȽȻˮʯˮʯȻûʯǰ󣬵ȴƷѡ乫ӣһ飬͵͸ˣ
˵գѾӴԪеһ߸׵ľ޴ˮʯˮʯɫ͸װ·һ㡣
˼ˣ׷׾£ѩǴЦݵĿƣˮʯ֮ͬ͸ƵģҪƽԼƷȻ˵Ĺע
ѩֻҪĿĴﵽҲѾ御ˣʱǷܰ
ϸĶˮʯʦĴƷҲһЩ˽⣬֪Ʒֻǿһʦƿس̶ȣǿʦķ֣Ե̵գ˵һ㲻٣˰ۣЩӵͷεʦȴء
Ҫʲôһʱ仹û¶ۡ
Χˮʯת˼ȦȴԱϵһˮ˼ɵ͹ࡣ
һȥƲû̫ĸоȡһƿһƿȥֶһ̳
˲⣬ȴԽм˿ȥˣֹװģͱװң
Ļһ˦˦һЩͷ­ͷϵҲ˦䣬ͷɢȴȻ֪ͷȾƣȴΧˮʯתȦ
תˮʯϲʯм䣬·һɴиһ㡣
ʦĸɵģҲֻдﵽ˸磬ɱʸƷ
߸ҵľ޴ˮʯС½ֵҲ𽥵
Ȼֹͣת̧ۿ˿һĿеİᣬ΢΢һЦ׹ʧˣҲл͵ˮʯ
һ֮˫ֽӡһĳˮʯ֮ϡ

ˮʯ˿δ֮ȴиʯмȻˮʯҲ˱ڸ١
ʯмĩɢһˡ¶գһ㡣ɽͣɢȥչ¶Ļ
˶ˣرǰᣬŴ촽˫Բ·Ϣһ㡣
⣿⣿ôܣ䣬ΩΩФƷѩо̾ĿصʯͰɨӣ


077 Ūʫ
ƷҲȫ˵ǵܣȴһᣬ߰һģһͷ·ԼӦɫҲơ
۾ǱӡǶ䡢ǸڷóĻҲԲֺǷ϶һģһ
ǣ˶֪ƲûʹûϣɫȫƵڵȻԪɡ
ϵÿһ·ʹճģΪصǣܻԪ̽飬һķ
˾̾ʱһŮܸȥȴȻһæأһУѾһϸСѪ㡣
⣿ô£˾
ƴ΢ЦܵҵĲǹ侳˫رİ˿ĻͻԶʮ׹׽ģ׹ллľʯұ㽫ҵһƷ͸㣬Σ
Ѿ̲סˣҪƲͽܸԪˣƵ֮ȥ·һñ
ܿ죬ͷſˣЦ乫ӣƷܷǩһλ
һ㽨ʦƷϣԼ֣Ʊ˵ͷз۾ѷѵһᣬһʱȴ޷ȷ̵λãΪѾȻˡ
Ȼ⣬˫ӡٵ֮йճһźģңƻŵ󷨸˽ȥʹȻԪˡơ֣˫һƣſˡơĺɫģû˵֮ڡ
ףһЩĿϬһΪ˾ȵķ֣ûܷ֮·һ㣬Ȼǰ㰲Ĵţȴƫƫ
ѽ㣬乫ӽֿˣҪ춼ҪѽһŮգЦ
ͳһĨ糺죬Ůһۣȴû
л乫ӣҾͽˣƵǰ˵䣬΢΢ǷǷԱòŻֱ㽫˴ԪС
Աߵѩһ㲻ζȻһЩССĴ⣬Ϊˮʯ͸Ƶģֻᣬ͸ưˣҪлҲҪллԼŶԡ
ʱƸ֪顣
΢΢˾죬뿪ǲŵԣ˰ߣЦᣬҪôлҰ乫ӿĿˣǵ͸㣬ȥĻһһ߼ǮĴ֮һİᣬ˭ԸⱧؼѽ
ֹ̧һѩ̱ҪȡЦ㣬乫Ӹһˣ
ѩգһϲ
ߴ֣ȴҲ˵ĶʼɣرһЩ԰뷨ĹӸ磬Ƶ񣬶˵⡣
ʱǲѾ̤ƵԣЦ乫ӣҼƷʱ򣬲ϵƣҲк˽⣬֪ɷ˻Ϊƪйص£˵òã
Ȼܿ˺ǲŵ⣬϶ǼԼĺãֽԼѿȴҴ˶ǰʫóһף㹻˾̾ˡ
ȴװžͷ֧ҡΣЦӣ£ֻһƽʲô£ҹ֮ңСܵĻѬգĺãĺã
˵꣬Ȼִһãٴҡͻأһþƣ
ˣæǰסƵĸ첲乫ӣСģ
ǲŲûΣЦȻ乫ѣҾдƪʫ֮乫ɷ񣿡
գĵȻˡ
װԥΪѣһ̳ƣȸͣװıеˣз˵ľƣ켶ǿ켶ǿߵľƣ֮󣬲žе㲻ΪƺѱƳ壬ԲãҲ
־ƶ岢ûлм洦Աһݣһɣ
ֻźȾƣȴغǲŵĻĶ߽Цһ乫ӣǿɶӴ𲻴Ӧ
һЦ˵ͷƺ׳Ӣ۵Ȼˣͷһȣһã˭ҪȣҶ£úˣҾһƪ
ΪԼŵͷӦͷһϲǵѩһơ
ãǾ乫ǴĿԴȡīֽǲͷһϲҲѾˣƻʲô
֪һ֣ã˭ΪȡһˮʯͷҲУ
Уæһȴʲôˮʯһ鳤һ׶ľ塣
ʯ޹ľһЩʶͷһʯľ·ϵȲϣԳ˿ľһ㡣
ƲʶȴҲܿľͷһ㣬һЦллˣ
˵գоѾһʳǹӲ䣬òǹľϹ̳˼ʫ䣺
ƣǲ졣
ƣӦ޾Ȫ
ؼȰƣƲ졣
ʥ͡
ʥαɡ
ͨһȻ
þȤΪߴ
ʫƽ棬ʹںˣҲΪͬʫеı˼ȻõӵܵͬΪһǰ֮ˣ
ǸΪ浣ǣޣΪѾгֳǿԼ޲ѾǰҪˣңʥȻѾˣαأΪҸоԼѾˣܵġ
ããһЩӸͣЩҲѾƿ


078 ҹ¶
ῴգȴͷ˼΢ʧΪûʫеĸһ˼ȴֻ֪ѾΪƶˣԸ⿴ģ뿴һŻ磬ȴҪӵϽĵơ
ֻǣеư֮󣬱ֽĿʫУ˼ǰȾƳ١
վǰ̾޷к⣬ʵ乫ӣɷһʫе˼
գգۣǺһЦ˰ĶߣС˵ƣӦ޾ǡƣ˼Ӧ޾ȪؼȻƣұҲˡȻƱʥˣǾƱ˵ĸۣʥҸУֺα׷õɡ¶ǽͨһϺȻҵȵþ֮ȤȻ֣ĪȤζ˵ߣĪȤζ˵ߡֻֻһˣǺǺǡ
˵Щִһã㺨Ȼ£ǿȵľգæƷס뻽ѣѾˡ
ƵĽȻСֻ԰һˣڳǸ
ղŻڴȾƵĹӸǣ˽֮Ҳ֪ͣԭǾ䡰ʥʥҲѾȾƵ˼ƽʥȵԼĶɾͲˡ
Ҳʥɣ񼶵ĳǿڣ½żҲ˵ģõ˲ܳΪ񼶵ĴڣȴһȣȻ󻹽ǿߺȵ˶˵ʲôԼ˵˵
̫ˣȻǰ¾Ʋˣдǲѵ
˵ȷ׷׼ӪƴУһʱ䣬
ȴѾ˯õЩ
ľãһѩ㿴ҪҪڽͻȥ
ã˷ȥϢϢɣҪ˶þǽǻҪúþ۾أۻǸտʼǲǶ˵һͬµ𣡡ѩЦ
ţҷȥɣԵȣ˵Ŀ⣬ջǵʫʯľ˵ͬ£뿪˾ۻĵص㡣
һĻʣµĹӸĽѡ
˵õĺǲҲҪʫһףȴҲ˶֮
ƶȥʲôңҲǳǲżʹҲȲƵһˡ
˭Ȱ˭Уż¾ƲˣҲֻȾƿͽһˡ
ڳеĶȻѵ⣬ȴ޲֣ʲô˲𣿻챻Ǻȵʲô˲Һͨˣ
ֻ⻰ȴû˸˵ڣν飬Щ˶񣬼һֳԲᣬҲʮ־η֮ġ
ʮìܡ
ܿ췵أƺҲ±˵лһʱҲͰƸˡ
½½һˣҲһˣеĴӡĴˣڵ磬Ѿۣɱʮͺǲš
ۻ᱾ʮġ
ȷʵˣＴʹԼˣӦҲǰȫģҲֻˣŲȥô࣬żõһЩɡ
һ˽еܲصԽԽо¶įֻҪܲ£ֹ¶һ
ϧֱҲҽеǸܸ֪κһˡ
ǰһãã
ƷԼ˯һɫ᷿֮У²ˣ⣬ȴѾ»ˮҹˡ
򿪷ţĿ̧ͷ죬¸ݺݺЦϴ
֪Լû뿪ۻĻݣ̤У̤ȣϼ⻷֮أȻֶס˽Ų
֪ΪΣѾȥЩ˽һ̣Լʺ⡣
¿ȥһһǡΧĵطһ˵СͤͤͬһЩˮƱ˼ǧУ뵽ǰʦһʫЦһ
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ٱ£Ӱˡ
¼ȲӰͽ
ݰ½Ӱ뼰
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Σƺ
һ꣬ԶȴĹŤͷȥȻǰᣬֻ᲻֪ʱѾһɫ˿ȹƵĳɢӡ
乫ӣ֪СŮӿɷʸһ
ǺǺǣ׹ֺٱأЦ
乫ӣԽԽ͸ӴҴӸղʫһֱ¶İΧĸоƺкܶĿ壬֪Դ棬ʲôѵôˣ޷ǳ
׹ˣֻижôࣿ
ɷʫٿҵʯľϣҲûȥúö괧Ħ
˵䣬ֵһɫʯľ
ƼˣҲ֪޷ˣֻܵǹʫֹ档
£
Ƶͷ
һо֮󣬰·õһ˴ԪУԶЦˣ
ƶһɲǣȻ̤
ߣѾͷ˵ôأԭܵĻˣóղԪʲôѩװ˵
ٺ٣㣡㲻ӣʲôƺгɾ͸һ㡣
Ѿͷ㣿乫ӣΪȥһ棿Ÿʲôһһ𣡡˵ţһƵĸ첲һס˰ᣬȺۼĵطȥ
Σֻѩһͬ뿪ֻȴ֪ѩС˼ߣҲŲﵥĻأ÷ʲô⣬ҿǻûôأƣ㵽ôأΪʲô֮ǰôȴôвأʫǵģǵñֱܣ
ԭѩȻûпʫȴѾԪ̽鵽ˡ


079 ǧﹲ濾
˻ԣʶ˵ǰʮֿʣԺ޳ܣİǰȴʮ־ĬԣҲֻ֮ʱԶΪ
ʱ죬ŶŮһ̤ͬȺ֮󣬷Ѿֶ˲١
ΪѩͰ飬˲˵⡣
ܿ죬̤һЦֵˣĲɷǼϼ
ƴǰˣڲͬ˵жڣǻ¶ɢһָ߹ʣƺŶ°ȴʶ
ЦһΪǽܰɣ㻹ȥӣ
ѩ˰һֳۣ˳ںһȺӸȾƵĺǲţգ뿪ơ
λɹĴӣҲĴӴλ̫꣬ƽ֮ӣλڲ󽫾֮ӣλлģлү֮ӣλǲܹ֮ӣĸǱĲӳƺӴ
һԹԣк̨ҹӰү󽫾
ɹĹپҲţ޾ȻԼֻϣʵѾ൱ڻʵˣŶ·֮Ҳ̧ĵλΪԺ󳹵۹Ƶ׼
֮ΪӡУ±㲻ǾλˣֻͨܳΪʿ
һĳŲϵľλģʲôûУ
رעı꣬Ϊһ̫ƽһɫۣڴɫƣϹҰ壬ţȱˣǺεΪڴϢ·ҲǸ̽飬ʱö֪
ղ˵Ҳ꣬һһ֮ٴ˵乫ӣҿǷǳûһֵɣֵܣ˵Ĳɼѣҽ£żУֻ²ȱֻףȴŪҲ벻һõףֵܿɷΪָף
ãˣаƳ٣һεĿ⣬Ī˾񣬲ò˵˵ĶԴǴ׷ռĿ꣬νʳɫҲ˾ʧ˵ͷ
ŵһЦ˫ֱʮȽգ˼£էԲȱǡٶˣݻᡢǰ𡣡
գ׷׹ƺȲʡƼǵף֪еǼ٣Ǻܵˡ
ֵܣܷΪҶԳתЦ
Ŀ⿴ǲԶС¥С¥ƾȥʱڣǧɣҹ˾
ãȽо
˵Ҳ׷ĬĬͷϿɡ
ȴ˵λֵܣҲУֻףȴһʱ󣡡
һ֪˼ˣԣղŴĴӿƣҲҪΪΪˣ˵Ҳۼ
ԭ˼ͻֻ˺ǲŵѩҲźǲžۼ
ҵǣ¼ʱУѾ졣֪ϹڣϦǺꡣ˷ȥֿ¥ߴʤŪӰ˼䡣
˵꣬Ŀɨܣֻ֮ȴ˸֮ӡ
ܾһƬһʱ䣬ѾҪȥŪһͶʫʵ⾳֮У򵥵ļ䣬ȴ˼
ãףĴӷ׷ü룬ʹһЩУɶĵľײ̫󣬸ò֡
һЩԭΪ̫ڵ΢ƵˣʱĿҲ׷˸â
Ե̩֡ɽɫ³Ƶ׶ѾȻأֻǲԸ˵ˣ뿪˵ȴĪ˽Ĵ󷢣ԸƵô˽ֻԼ
ڣ˫ֱȭɫصֵܣ֪ܷ˵ףҵҲѧϰѧϰ
Ĵ֮һȻڳѧϰ֤˼ѾķڷˡڲҲȭأ乫ӣֵܸʰ·磬ֵ˵󻰣乫ף״ʶȻǧţʫĵΪ֮ݷ
ˣ֪ҶѾȻѾףڲĻֺȻ뿪˵кȻһ֮űһŮӽƸղ˵״ʸ˳
ƴˣΪȻǰһģһ㱼䣬صǰȺӿƵԪбʮ߰ŮŮѣһŹޣһ˫峺۾ſ£ȴִŵİ
һˣŮվȺƵǰǳǳһЦ꼻һ֣з֮乫ӣСŮ׳ˣ֪Ƿ⣿
Ƶɴ˫ɴ֮УΪŮòԭ򣺡㣿㣿
СŮչŮΪѯԼ֣һ
ͷɣǽѹȥָܿʵǰɳ״ʣ
촽̣¶ݣ˵ЦˣСŮҲǸոˣижһ
գһȴҲǳԷ
ĲⷬԻȴһЩɻ󣬶ڻ״ǲǰˣڽΪѴҡʹĲ²⣬ȴҲܵĸԸһִ֪˴ʴźĸо
乫ӿɷԸ˵ףСŮӲţԸΪٴ˵
ȻԣҲٰڿᣬ˵ףת󣬵粻ߡӦкޣ³ʱԲбϣԲȱ¹ȫԸ˳ãǧﹲ濾ꡣ
룬һԸ˳ãǧﹲ濾꣬찡Ⱥը˹


080 
ʲôвŻǲŻ˲ò˶Ϊһ״żļ
ֻݷ޷󼰣˵Խˡ
˵ǰ޹˺ߣҲΪ
΢˼ܷܷһ̽һʯĹݳ£վԭأָңܿ׵ӣ׿
һˣӦ·𻹳֮С
֮ٴθ̾ͬʱȴһλɺϵ飿ȻҲȫһ¡
ҲǴԽİɣǿɾ̫ˣ簡
ţ۾Ѿʪ󣬹ǡ硱硱
̬һЩʣΪ֪顣˵ȣֻҪע⵽ƵģҲˡ
ƿ糺죬ݣѩЦѩ㣬ллҴ޺ˣ
ãѩգͻӣ˻С
һĻ˶סˣѩȴ̧ͷ˵ллҵĵյľۻ͵ΪֹѩͲʹˣ
գڻζ֮УβŷӦȴ˸ֵܣܷһף
һױˣȴ͸һ仰ڴ֪ѣڡƹķһ֮
ν˲֣ھ֮̾࣬Ҳ׷׻ĴӸǹʩ񣬿νǳ羴֮
˷׷ȥԺȻϸϸƷζҶԿ϶˵ÿһ仰Ϊ֮ѻ
ѩ뿪֮ʱȴѩһ乫ӣɷԵƬ̣ᣬҲ°ɣ
Ʋ⣬ɵ˵ͷ
ѩתǲţ΢΢һЦӣ㲻ˣھۣ𣿡
ǲȻƸǴΪʣǱȴ󷽣˵ͷѩúҿؾȥ㣡
˵꣬ͷȥ
Ƭ֮Ժʣơᡢѩˡ
ѩ빬ֿһЦ
ѩ乫ӣɷ񻹼ǵѰʯ󷨵飿
Ƶͷ
Ҫȵ˱ǹʱ˵ҵãǣȻǲһĸȴҪҵЩûҪףҲѾȫÿˣѩ͵
ԭ㣿㣿ΪţҲѾϲŮһ뵽˶ĻŮܿҪ뿪磬ҲһĪϧѹ
ɫһЩ̬İף̬ҲǻϲӲΪѹҵĲӳʱѾˣҲнʮĹ⾰ôҹķֻϣԶ࿴磬ΪʹʱҲ޺ǰЩżɣùϣʯϣֻϧȴᣬоϧҹұûʲôźˣ
ûźѵֻΪһˮͷͷɻĿȴϸϸĶŹ˫ߣæͷ
ѩͰҲڹǰֵ̫ˣ׷װѵһ飿ɣ
乫ӣÿѩЦ
ջ˼ҲջĿ⣬΢Цͷ
ѩת˵Ҽǵұ¶һź˵ԺһԼ뿪ˣ˭ǵ㣿ܼǶã𣿡
ǳЦôȻˣ
ѩȴشЦ乫ӣҿΪ̳ôΩΩФĵܣΪҲһҶ
⣿ĵĴŹ
ãȴҡҡͷڵļգʹ̳òȴ޷̳ϣǿеܣʵùʧˣԺ¶Ҫùʧ
ɣ㶼̳ܵΪʲô޷̳أѩü
Ƶ˵ͷҾҽɣ룬ʹԺ޷ܳϣҲ˼ס
Ŷ˵ŮѾ֪ƵĲ¶ΣΪһƪ¶˼סǺεҫ
ʵƵУͺñǲܴʦµˣڼһʱƾѾ˵ںһˣʱиǰ̾һðɣҾ˻ˣϣܴ飬ùҡ
˵Iüһ˫ϲϲĿ̬֮Ϯһ֮㣬΢΢оʱ毻ˮж硣Ľϱȸɶһϣʤ֡ǹ̬ϡ
ѩգ׷׽Ŀ˹ϣǾȵĵ˵ͷȴüʵ乫ӣ֪Ǻˣ
ӰȻϼҵһˣϼҵΪеĴ֮һҲ͹һʲã
˵ˣȴʺ硣
ţһϲӹˣԭϻˣӣΣ
δش𣬶̧ͷ£ѽ˵ˣҲ˵Ϊ쳾ȥ¹˵Զ߸߷ɣɾµˣ
С䣬㽫ղǾ仰̳ԺѽҪʫɲᣬһţæȡһʯľƵĳƺѾı䣬úǡ
ƺգȴΣֻý棬һһ仰Ϊ
ҪԺСܽõҲ̳仰ٿ棬һΪ޼֮˷ܵ
ͲҪȡЦˣɫߡ
ѽãҲҪϲӴ֪С䣬ԺҪ߶߶ѩסЦ
һߡ


081 Ϊ
˵ʵƴϲӣ秵ŮȽϲǸһμ棬ܰѾƹСħŮ
ΪĲɣȫǰʫʣɲǷĵϲ
ǣЩ˽ƵˣȴΪǸʵĲӣʹһЩҲǷӡ
ȻҲ֪˭лñŵһ棬ֻԸԼѹסˣһ̶ȣΪ֪
ҪβܽͷųأѩĻ֮ƴЦСóΪ֪ҿҫأ
öˣͿʫʳҲǸҺ͹ıһŻɲأһԷ籩½ǻǴѴѵҹڴôһ죬ҲҪ֪Ǳ˴̵ľ䣬ǱҰģʱҲԶסˣ
ѾûȻֻǰ֡
ʫʾˣҵҪٰѾƻ裬ΪҸΣҵǺϣһ
ѽ㻹ᳪ谡ŮգǾȡ
ҪôŸ磬ẦߵģƴЦҲһѣѾŮһˡ
ŮͬʱһۣŷѾˣƸˣƸӻˣΪҲִ޾̸ۣΨѩֱ֪ԭˣ᲻ͽͲҿ϶ˡ
Ҫȳһף˭ҪŮһۣ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ðɣȸлɣ׸͸㣡˵գҲλ㣬ϣ㲻ҪԽҪȻҾ͸¶ˣ
죬ýΪɳƵ


첻ס
ߵ¶ε¶ҲΪ
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˭Ӣ˵׷
Ϊɽ

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ɽ໥
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һѩˣиǺỨֻһ˸ˣȴǰ׸Ϊ͸ģɾͷǷˡ
ңеʫʸ䣬û˭뽭ɽϵһټ֮ǰƶᱡȻ뵽׸ǲƵ롣
ɽҲҪ໥ˣ𣿲˷սģֻԸЯ˹飬¶Ľ𣿲ϧսҲҪɻ󣬾һſȼյӣӣγԭһظ
㣿㲻Ǵѩ޵ٹ֮󣬴ѩ㣿᲻ŵĶƣ֮Уеļʣѩףıס
ƴ󺹣غɼ˼
ⶼĸ𣿲ͳһ׸𣿶ȥˣǺǲˣ뷽跨İҸɵ
֪ǰϻεȷ粨ֻЩŮ𵽶ͣѩ׸ɲٳ
Ǻǣõǣ׸豾ֻΪȻǲΪ˳ˣЦ
׸ʲô֣ѩٴʵ
ǾͽйΣƸ˸
ţãôһͿԳеĹˣǵѩҲҪ乫ٳˣḧƽеļʣеЦ˭˵ҲҪˣѩˣѿڶ
˵־òףһɾͲˡ
ٺ٣ƣ㻹Ҫ͸ÿһӴ㳪ɲܺ˱ˣҺɶأҲѩѿæЦ
ƿ˿ֻ΢ƺ׸ûм
֪׺ʲôʲôһֱȤԼȷ˶ĿٺõҩҲõġ
ҪβܼĿأѰ˼ţȻܼǾͳ׵ĸ٣׹ɣ׹䵽Ԩ֮ض
Ϣ˼ֵο˵ˣҿɲٽʩʵˣҾ͸һ׸裬׸ʱȡ÷Ū
쳾г
ĪЦ̫տ
һ
ǵ÷˱
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Ƶĸȴ˸٣ճմ
ֱƳ꣬ŷӦĿкᣬȻҪٳһ飬Ÿٸ
͸ڳѾ΢
Ѿ붬ļ紺ůˣջ˼òŵĿ⿴ŶԷԭѾһҹ
Ҳ֪ʱˣŮͷвᣬȴҲ֪òʱֱˣǻûȥúõΪǡĸ
ŮͳţĿ뿪ƵıӰȴ¡
ԸأұһҲδɣаȴ¶ЦݣΪԼȻϲ˸еǸŮӣһԸȥˣӢΪ֮Ϊ֮սʹҲ쳾һ
Ϊֻĺ֪÷ǺȻֻʢڶС˼ļļģҪôĸĸͻСصأءѩ㣬һСһͬȥļ磬ȥ÷
ɫһЩ㱣ԺвϵĻص˵÷Ū͵رסѩʿ޸ͣ
÷һŪ˳÷Ū˼÷Ū粨ˮããƣΪҪ㣿¶һ㣬ЩӼǽλȥֽжŮΪΪ񣿡
һĻͬƽԺ֮г˻÷Ū֮⣬ҲڻƵװ¹⣺
¹
ĳط


ȴ

ÿ
һα
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082 ٷչ
㵽ôһˣҪصֵʲôȻˣڽμۻᣬȥƷζȴ޷ƵķԽԽ޷԰Σҩһ㣬ԽԽĸԸķɶ˻֪ԣȴһ
ҲŮͬ飬ѾİˣʹҲҪͶǸ˵Ļȥ
մеŮƱӰʧҲջ˼һۣѩǻȥɣ
ŮͷϿɣһ㳵Ȼȥ
Ʋ֪Լʫ˵յķؾȪɽׯһһҹȥǶʮλõ˿Ź˷׷ͻƣѡ
Щ˱ͱڸ߼ʦܾˣõŹһյõٴμ֮޲ĴмͰݷ
֮ǰֻΪĻȴǷĵԸƵİˡ̤켶൱ӵ޾൱
һãУʮ˾ۼһͬʱڵأͬҵȼӣ
ǺǺǣɣܴﵽ켶㲻ҪھǰˣǼǿԲùκˣ
лӣ
ﻹһЩ䷨ҪѧϰǣǵĽҲͿ׳ˣ˵գֵһЩ鼮ƮΪ׵ŮС
ŮҲھȪɽׯŮ٣Ҳ˵Ůֱͣ켧쾲ӽأͶ󣬿ҲͶʮܸ꣬ģȻҲǳò
Ůٴεл
ȥǽ̻עὨʦֻҪﰲɣϵĶһҵĴ⣬ʲôܽģңӽ쿪ʼ켧쾲̸Уӽظɽׯڵͨ۹ʡӴ˵ˣūܼҰɣͬʱҪɽׯİȫԴгһ֣ӴԺǵҪˣҿģ
շ׷׵ͷϿɡ
ʣµҲ𼱣Ժÿһ˶һ棬ҪľǺúúѧ£ʯһЩ䣬ΪԺ۾飬ȥɣ
ǣӣʮ½ȥ
ˣƱܴӽˣʮʦǵĽҲǰ壬⻹ﻹдȴͻƵʦһĽЩ˶ˣҲڽԺĳ·һǵӦþͲᷢˣҲΪӵҵһǰ޹˵۷塣
ǽô׳۳棿νļãҲ֮ˡԽ룬ƱԽ
˼ʱ⴫һŲ켧ȥƹ˵ӣһЩ˷ǳĶ࣬һĹǾȻǩ˶ʮݵĶһʱ¶Ծӣùӷ
ŶգȴѾüĿѾȥˣԱЦõǣֻǿʼԺĶԽԽģ
ӣĹˣӽͨӣǰһ˽ĹӣǺǺǣҳȥӭӣͷˬ̤
ٴμ棬ȻǺһƵİʻûůȣһˣӣ˵Ҫӣ
Թˣӡ
ˣӣ

ʱһЩס׵ˣӭӵʹжվۻеĸҹӸ磬ԭģһʫģҲóȥŪŪæµԽ´׷׸ˡ
òȴҲһЩǽ˽լԺݲؽ֮ˣǵҲֻǾţ֮һë
ĹΪ£ƵĽһ͸ۡĶֱ֮ӾóһΪ
ЩˣƿͬŷͷһЩԭҵҲͷƤ顣
ӸۡƣֲϲɹÿһשÿһߣⶼҪ̵ǮҪһ
Ҳ켧쾲ӽŮڣǿǳߣһ˵ģⷽҲǳ֣ʽ֮ܽԱÿͻɵĶɹϡ
֮⣬ŮƴнһĻͿȥ⣬һԽǵ⣬ʹҲС
ƲûӦΪ̫˻϶ע⣬ֻԺÿһͻʱ˳ˡ
֮⣬ƻūˣһǲҪ켶Ϊˡ
ôһ£ģҲĵĸлѩİûѩʹٹʮ꣬ҲԴﵽеĹģ
ˣæµæ˰£һжĲ֮ƿ˿ԼĴԪ䣬ֻʣһˣʣµһЩҲȫ渶ֿˡ
ӴԺҲ˵⵰һˣԭƵǮûС
ȴĽѣһжȻķٷչУҪĹ˲ţȫʹЩҳϵūͣǷ׷
⹺ƤΪԺķչ׼
ҲʱЩӸǶ֪ƱȽæûţŮҲûơ
һգִפشūͣշɹǵʱǰ׵ƲȻһɴֳˣ˾Ȼ˵ȻӶֱơ


083 ռս
ͷȻ˱¶Ȼȫ侳磬иű׶״ɫ··Ʋںһ壬׵ľ룬ͻȻ͵Ϯֻ֮γİɫӰƵӵӥļĿҲԿ
Ӱһ뿪׶ֶȥ̣˲
Ҫȫ㿪Ѿǲˣֻܵı̣ܿҽ̵Ĳǹ塣
ˣ
һ׶ֱƵСһȫ㿪һ׶ȴıӴƤˡ
ΪƴˣһͿתΣΪȴˣΪǱ׶ڴС֮󣬾Ȼ˲ɢһɱ֮գ֮ͽµˣС֮ҿ·ӡ
ã
ƵѾоΣ׶켶򣬾ԲܴǿԪعһ֮ԪӤħֱ塣
ǹԪӤħâŲƳʮ֮⣬ȴǱˡ
ǱƴˣǱ˵ֱɣƵıһ׹ա
ħһУʵ˫׵ת£һڽƵı̵˸Узֽ˾ء
ʱ͵ϮеȴһЩ㶣ΪƵıѾˣǣƾȻܽ룬ӻֻһǡ
ݵõϢһ䣬һʦпܻһħʦ
Ѿ֤ˣң񻹲ֻˣʦûʲôս뱾ֻ֮ܲУһߣǿʦҲֻǿԵԲܻˡ
ңܽݳһѳǹ
һô˱̬ȫѩ׾װ˶˰
ǲٴιƣǸĲǹѾһɫĻߣͻһˣƵԪӤɱ壬˫ֽӡһ˲ִһ˵ǰ

ȵһ˵ؿںȻ飬ǹ侳лɱ꣬㽫Էؿը飬¶׹ǡ
ǸӭӲǹһǹһеı׶Ȼӭȥ
׶ԳǹǹǹȴٳأǹȻԪȱٵбѡ
䣡
Բʮױϼ֣·𱻵ȼĹⵯ
һѾ׶СһˣֿȭƷȴ󾢷Ťͷһһ׵Ѿǡ
˲Ҵ⣬˫ȭӶǰԼȻԪأγɹ״ǽײһ

ɢȭ粨ǰڵһ㣬ħ
ħȻֻǶףٶȴѾɱף˫һŤתֻǶ㿪˶ԷȭѶϣٳ
˼ˣȴҲûлţ˫ȭٴ趯ɣ˫һ̤γ𣬴һߣħȥ
ʱħȴѾָ磬׶Ƴħ˲ûԺ֮УħԪʵ帹ݳֻȥһ̣ȴ˫ӡٶֻϡ
䣡
һȭħʵ壬Ȼ飬ƬɢǣùֵǣԭһӦüɢƬȴֺȻۻأ˹ȥ
ߣһȭӳƬɢ
ǣɫƬɢ֮ȴ¶һƬơ˺һɢ֮£ٴ壬ײ˹ȥ
ߵľѾǳĽˣΨٴλȭ
һΣȴ޻ϣͬҺϡ
ɻʱŸоȭͷϺȻһʹȻðˡ
ϣ᣿ڷӦ
ȴҲѾˣȭͷѾʴ˴룬Ǹ˼ߣȭͷӵȫʴǸģƿķֱӷɱܣʯǶܳԣ˵ˡ
գ֮䣬ֻʣһǼˣǼҲʣ£ĺɫƬֱ̣һֻ޴ķϡ
ٶޱȵһδһ˷ȥ
ʱһʹˣѾʦɱͬ䣬½ĹϣûرĻ׵Ļܶ㿪ʦϮɱ
ʣһǱǹըɵһˣ˱ըȴҲûҲ֪һɱƵļƻʧˣΨ룬ֱӾͽӰ״̬
ֻȴӲƵ۾
˫ֽӡĵƷħצ棬ıħϳɴͷϵļͷ
ǹһͣ˫ȻƳһ˵ĺ󱳣ֱӴӺĴ˹ȥ
˵ǰŲư֮࣬ȴգһٵĽֻҪƴ߶ǹ侳Ǵ˱֤ʣ¡
ȴûɱ˴ˣǳħ˴˵ǰʵĶԷָˡ
˭ģʲôˣش֮󣬿뿪Զ½ȥɭ֣һƵһƺͲɶԷ˵
Է˫ҲĶƣȴտڲԡ
䣬ӵ޾ӦϧԼȻʧܣȴҲѾŬˣԵԼˣڣӦԼӣһѵֵ𣿼ʹ㲻ңҲĻľ͸ֵˣ
Էһ˻Ŀڻٺƶӣ


084 طȼ
ĬĬĵŶԷĻش𣬿ǶԷǳɵĿȴֺȻᶨ˵һ仰ʹŹңֻҪҲȥôҲһҪ
Ŷһ㶣ܿˣѵڱ˸ٷ
ԷĬ
ȴҲ뵽ԼԼڿҲĸԿ˸ٷģָоܲˬڱ˼ӵĿơ
Ҫֵҵ֣ȿܲĨɱڵĸٷһ֮󣬻ҲѾʼͼԷڡ
һζԷûзƵĻܿ̽ȫѪ⣬ಿλһʹûٷͼǿд
ǣʧǣٷΪƻȻƵĻٵĶߣӵطٴʱȻһˡ
Σƾ֪ٷԼĨɱˡ
ħҲԼռ䣬Ŵطפء
һ࣬˵ԿǰҪɱǰæ
ԭʯºȻһˮ·һɽ¶һɴƺͬһ˰һͬɽ֮ڡ
ɽУʯϵ˫ֽӡڲ·˲ԶһӰڵϣԿ
ʲô飿ԿƺһЩͷԼͬҲΪԼİȫǡ
ǰǷɱҵˣڱ˸ٷǰԽٷĨȥԸһС
ԿӰ΢΢˫һ壬ƶʱ͸оԼŰ˵һɴȻԿĻѾ˰˵ڡ
ɫ¶ʹָֻ࣬ܿ
߼ٷǿ㲻ΪˣԿ
ͷһ֪ԭָٷ˾ȻѾﵽ߼ĿⶢŰ˲
˳ĬƬ֮˵ǰ֯ˣֻǽӵ֯ɱö֪
飿ɻ󲻽⡣
һɱ֯ɱ飬һǰ飬һĴ̣һڰûĴһ㶼ҹ£Ǻǣ벻Ȼ˿ϻ߼Ǯɱ㣬ǲʲôǵˣԿЦ
ϲǵˣӦòɣѵԼ̫ͷˣưȴ벻˭ҪɱԼ
ԣкܿһĪ̫ƽ̫ƽпܴ㰵пǵĽҵĽչ̫Ѹ٣̫ƽҲѾ֪ҵ츣䳤ϵݣټʮãԾΣ޷ˣֻ˽ȶظĨɱ
ҵĽ˵ʱѾܵĲҪ侳ˣԭΪͿԲʲôĳͻӰ£û뵽ȻŹң
Ѿ³˱˭ˣΪΪԼûʲô֮Ψһ̫ƽļƻ
ֻȻѾϿˣȴ޷¶ۣʵܲصң
ǰգҪڣȴֶԷĿڸտһ룬ȴֺȻˣɫ˲ɷףĻָƣԲҲ֪ΪÿһγǶҪʶ֮󣬵ָص㣬ֱ˴ߣ
ɻˣΪԷı仯ɣȴûеʵ㽫ҪＯϣ
⣿˱üΪ¡
Ʋԣ˵˵ĸٷѾĨȥԲˣɵòȻŭٺȵСӣˣңĸٷѾҪˣʲô˵
Ӱɽׯ
Ƶ˵ͷȻˣˣסӵԽԶԽã
˼æͷлл
˵꣬תȥڿն
ƿԿǰ֪ʲô񽻸ҵûУûУҴܼգҲҵӣ
һԵӶֵʱ򣬺Ȼסˣζһ
ǰ˼ɱɣãҴӦǣǾգҿҪȥ͸͸磬ʯҾͷ⣬һὫ󷨼ӹ̣룬˵Ǿ޿ƿҲµ󷨣ֻҪһ󷨣ҾͿԸ֪ʱұɱǣңǵһˣҲһˣ
˵գȵԿһ磬Ʈɽɽʧȡ֮Աڡ
С䣡˵ƵĻУˮӣǵڼ尾жȹȻԿֻһӰʮֿ¡
ͬס޹ǵĺ촽ϸϸƷţ˫ָǲϵϸ
ñ֮ĶˣڷȫλĿŶԷģƵ˫Ѿ̽ȹظ
еʹСͷ޵ֻƵȴڴˣܿĨþ
˵ҲԽԽ٣ױʯϡ
ֱǲĨҲȫ⿪Ʊ㼱ɴ˵ϣһһֻɲʵදԭѾȫͶҲѳֲסϡ
ΪûȵԵʣĴǸϧƲûúϣ̧֮ͷĶɨÿһ缡
ѩʰ״𳱺죬۷۵ģźһһ˫ţĳë΢΢Ĳںڵĳɢڵ·ϣмպͷ۲ϣȫѩ׽и͸žӨϸ壬һ˿覴á
޳һSߣʹͦѩԽʣһ˫ǵ㲻ϽĺԺˡ
Ǳѩɵˣһ㵹ͼ
ûȥΪʲô˾¶Ůˣֻ֪ŮԼϣÿһ缡һ綼ֻһȫ꣬Ҳֻһˡ


085 ʯ
С䣡Ѿ޷ڵȻ͵һ½ƽıס˫סƣ
ǽӵһ𣬶һҪԷԼڵ뷨
շת䣬һѾڶ˵ܻƣγһڰɵĲϼ룬治ϵִ
ǲϼŶ˵ȻںϣγС̫ͼֻǶȴûзˡ
Ѿ˫Ͷˣһйƽ֮󣬡̫ϼ롱Żɢȥ±˫ɢȥ¶໥ӵС㡣
С䣬ҲֿͷƵĻУ뿪ʱ䣬Һ££
ͷһʹḧı£һа취һа취
ȴþδ
Ƶͷȥ۾ȣ˯ȥˡ
֪һĺƣԼˣûкúõıԼŮˡ
㣬˯ĻһƵ˼ȴѾɵ档
²⣬Ǹ˲ĻӦѾˣԿ
ƻԿǵģ
û뷨뵽˵ǰ仯ټԿ˵ǰڵĸٷ߼ԼԿʱ뿪ɽ֮Ѿȷ˴롣
һֱδԼʤ߼ʦΪһһҪһҪɹ̫ӣ˵ûһĻƶš
ƾһ˿ɱˣȴԲܸ
飬ͼпԿеܵԼʤеͷ졣
ֻȴ㲻ΪʲôҪɱԼԿ˶֪ԲԼ˽ɽˡ
ҲȷʵֻǰɱԼһִУҪɱԼӦǰеҡ
ΪԿҪɱԼĻȫô鷳ֱĨɱǣԿֻǲԼ˽̫࣬뱩©ǰӵݡ
ʱԿȥɱǸͽ֮⣬пȥܲѯ⵽ô£⣬˵ܽԼ˸
Ҳһ̫ƽĻԿ˵ð̫ƽΪ̫ƽƺҲɹһ뷨̫ƽʵų̫ƽˡ
˼ǰƺܿ˼һǲԼֻܵԺ֤ˡ
ΣԸܵһŴɹɹμһСģͺпȫ帲û
ԼֻеĸƼҲֻǰӵɲΪſܵһƬ˻
Ҫβܶһ٣ҪβܻȥƵͷһɵֽ˽壬㷢һǣ֪Ժĵ·ѾĿʼںϣ˵ҲѾ˩һ
һǣȴ̧գ΢ЦпƣһжڲС
ʯڲƴʲôʱɣʵ
ѾˣһֱϣϣԸʱ䣡
ֻϧȴһֱû뵽ʲôȫ֮ߣԿ˵ʹˣһô죿Կˣ
Ǿͻ֮ǰİ취ɣԿʯ֮Уʯһʧ
Ƴ˼Ƭ֮ȴصҡҡͷ뵽ķΪԿ벻𣿿޿֣ʯǶСԿ
ô죿ѵľԶü˵Թ
ҧҧͷȴĿ⿴ʯ̶ɵΣԲᣬԲᣡ
˵䣬ƵԪӤѾͷ
ƣǣ̧ۿԪӤɻΪҲǵһμԪӤ
ҵķԪӤͷųԪӤ
˵䣬ԪӤѾƮʯ
ƣ
ԪӤʯķԸԿǽʯ֮ڣʯԱвҿǣͬھ
ƣɣ˽Ƶ뷨æ¶ĽҲʧģ
ҲվһЦһܲ˵ľ˿ƺͰڲңҵŮһһҪкηһԼħ䣬ԿҲһеһ
ţƵԪӤʯٴֹƣǰ뿪ķûǿ֧ţҲ֪ᷢʲôķܲܽƶ˵
Ƶ˵ͷô֪
ٵĴ룬˫ֽӡֱ֮ʯ֮ڣһЩϸС΢Ѳɡ
ʱ֮˫ۣſ³һξѪʯ֮ϣǣɫȴ׵ˣһΣ̱ȥƼæסԪӤȴС
һξѪҲǱһֱڵƵľѪ
뾫ѪϣѸٵʯеƣĿڱɫʯͥУһԪӤСüھѪ顣
رǰ֮أϸ緢˿Ѫγ˰˸Ѫţر˫еĿźţΪˡ
Ƭ֮͸ʯʼȻԪأѪ֮Ƥȴɫʯһƣȴûӵֳ٣

պȻһʯſ˫˫ȴī޸飬ǾԨ˿һۣᷢ걻һ㣬˫֮ڡ׹Ȫ֮С
ҲƷı仯Ƶ֮󣬼æʵС䣬ô
Ƶı΢΢ͷһ׻ôҵԪӤʯ֮У޷ˡ


086 Ŷݼ
ʲôܳˣܿƷ𣿡
ȻԿƣֻҪƣҪúõãפ˹˹ԣҵԪӤΪй˹йΪԪӤйĵۻʣһСİŽԿʯˣͨ񰡣Ƹ̾һ
ͨ񣿡ȵ
Ȼ񼶸֡ҵԪȻܳȴ൱ҵһıǺҪսͱҪ룬ǣȴΪָһͨ·;ƽԾ֣ν󷨣Сһ
ô
ҲܹŶݼף棻žǰţݼأָסԤ⣬㣬ȵȣЩǷӵȴһĹɣŶݼֻκ㶼Ҫʱͼ
֪˵ʲô
ȴȡһ׸ʯʯȻһڽ˸С
С䣬Ǹʲô
ṩ뿪аţͨ˷磬а˷ӦԣټʱߡֱǬλͨޅֵϢӣֵޣݡŴ󼪡ţȲͨ룬ʱ޿̲ڱ仯ʱͿռ䣬ɽе󷨣Ƽ᲻ɴݣ仯ȴѲסң޷ǿлƣȴߣߣ
˵գֱӽƱʯȴ̤ÿһǳнСҡϻ¡ǰ
ƱǽʯÿһССɽķһӣ̤ɽе󷨣ǣƾȵǣǰȻһǽڡ
ɽҲסˣ⻹󣿡
ܲƿ˵žҪȥǿй
һæһνסţԿ£ǵΪ޷ǿƿĪǴ˵еĽ磿ԿҲ
ϸʯȴܿ촫Ϣǽ磬һ⾳
⾳ȻʵǽֲԿˣ˵Ǹ󷨣һ⾳϶Ҫƿ˵
ô죿
ٺ٣Ѳҵʯڿˣ̫ݣߣ
ƿһֱʧԭأһ̣Ѿﵽɽ֮⡣
⣿ޱȣƣ·𿴵һ㡣
̫ݿӴ󲿷ҲŶݼеһ֣ƽ͵ͬʱҲڸ·һפأ˵磿
ҡҡͷ
Ƶ˵ͷͨļ弶弶Ҳ֪ʦߵļ߰˾ôһ־磬ʱ֪룬һһءϸһĽӡΪ磬еˣҲǵνӡһ֣ͨ˵޷ƶģ־ʾӾڱεȣ߼ĽǿҰʾԶӸ򡣵ȻڲҲ޷ɳ롣ʯҵٶϱ֪߱ʶǿвһͼĽûģǣǱˣǾǸԿˣ
˵סԿҪôһЩԾƷͷɽɽ֮Уȴֵǣһ޷סԿһ
ȷʵѵѡ񣬲ʯƶ·Ǿһ·ȴǶ䡣
Ϊѣҧҧ촽С䣬ģ޷һ٣ҲԲ㣡
վ˵ͷעҵӡ١ߡԡСǰУ
ɻֻӡɿ죬ÿ³һֶ任һӡһһӡϣƵȻʧˡ
ףһԪ̽飬ûУС䣬£
Ƶֳⲻʲô£䣬ֻȴֵȼֻҪʦʹã뿪طһ㣬Σյʱʹ䷨ɽ
Һһ𣡡æץסƵ󡣼ּΪᶨĿ⣬Ѿ֪޷ܾˣֻܵ˵ͷ˾Ȼֵ̤ɽ֮ڣʯǰ·
ҪһЩϼ֪ģʹ񼶶һ֪ԭɡ֧ŹԡšСֽ⣬ݣ
½½ľͽǰѧϰһЩй۸֪ʮʮ֧϶ɵʮӣʱ䣻ԾŹǴռ䡣Ŷݼ׾ǽ߰һĹһ𣬹һʱΪһ壬졢ءˡڵģάĶ̬˼άģ͡
ƶǶʱͿռףͺˣ˵νĶά嶯̬ˣ˼άģͣ
⼸ÿһʻ㣬޷ġưæͣ磬˵׼ȷһǵӵһȫµۡ
Ƶͷʯڱ䰫Բ̱仯ֻȴ½½ĳֵֺ֡ķţֻȴ͹һϳԲɲοɵ֧ľŹͼ
С䣬ǣ
ǷŪĻ󣬵ȻҲ˵ģֻҪƲϺͳ仯̾Ҹ˵Ĵ˼άģͣŪ͵Ū棡
Ҫµ󷨣ҲǰԭãŴɫࡢȡơ̡ࡢϣһΪڣ޾ȴ໥ϱ仯ֵơ֮Ѥöʣ⼸ɫɵģҲ˵ıԴȫӦȴ٣һЩ˼ʹﵽ˾żҲֻͨһҼʹûʯҲ֪һѾĪĻԵˡ


087 Ե
Կ᲻ᶮЩ
ǺǺǣãܽʯԿȻҲܲ¸󷨣һĻȴ޷֪ĺ⣬ͺֻ֪һһŮֶԵУȴ֪֮󣬻һϣҲǿ޵ģ
˽ͣһ죬ִ̧Ƶţʲôʱˣ㻹
ǺǺǣһЦŵҲʧˣԿҲףȴãõķϾһ䣬ʦʯ֮󣬿ʹðʱֻǽԼǿ侳ָӣԼʤõʯǾͺˣ
ֻҪԿҲףʯսǿʹԼٶϣҲһסԿľżֵ꣬ʹʧȥ侳Ҳ㹻ݻһĽˣ
ץסƵĸ첲Ŀ飺ԸһΣĺҲͬʱͬѨ
ʪˣ͵ؽ˻УǱ̵ʯУȴͻȻ˰ͬɫֱɽ֮ڡ
ٶֻһҲ½ķɳһĹſ֮ϡƺ壬ȴʧ
ͬʱɽԿµ󷨣ҲȻһѾԿ˳Ϣ
ȻʱһӶ룬ԿΣԿĿ֮УȴɽѾɽ޾ǿգһ·ܡ
ţԿ˫³˴ţٺһƣɣҪһЩ޹Ч飬ֻҪһԻƣȴʯɣң
УǸ˫ֲϽӡһƽϣԿܵҲԽԽࡣ
ߣ֪ôҾ㿴ʲôǲ࣡Կһ֮εоͶһɫһձ˹ȥ
һ̳Ӱ쭶նϴ֮޾кȻ顣
˾ͷ·ĺҹУǳըһǻ
ˣʯеƣֱһѪǿиıɽеӾЧγ˷·޾ǿյĻþǿռϾԭĿռ䣬ֺķʯеһ֯޷ֵԿһ
֮ǰѾ׼øֻ壬ԼԭɢԿһ֮ǿ֧š
ԿܵĻþûнҲһ㶣ȴЦݣǺǺǣǵΪڼһʯܽһʵѵãǣǲҪһǧٽҿεֵ
ţ֮Уһ·ƴ̤
ӰԿһ۾ͿƲơ
ԿҲΪУ磬һףΣƵĻӰ˵
ͬʱƵʵȴɽǽڲһ磬½Ĳ¾ŹɻǬͬ󡭡
˵ڵƣֻҪʱ䣬ͿԿһ֮СԿÿʹһ㣬Ҫһ㣬޷ָ侳ȻѵֵǣǬͬȴܽ侳Σ͵С̶ȡ
ʱƣ˵ѾܰʦľʲôȼˣʱԽãսͻԽǿ˽ɱͨŶݼ׵֮ԺԲƣΪȻһΣĸ֪
ʯĴǿͷ˵˵ʯѾΪƳһһķǾʱ䡣ץסһжԿĿܡ
ȻǱƲѣǲðôΣԿƴġ
ʱԿûоΣյĽ٣ƵĻӰһ֮Ȥķʣʲôף
׾ͻʯҪҺɣңŹˣ
ǾȽʯң
Ҫŵù㣿ѵͲʯըըɽ֮Уͬھ
ƵвԿһݣƣþδһ̣ȴȻ𣬱һɱ
ǳӴ㱻𿪣ԿһκηӦĻᡣ
ת˲֮䣬Կ͵ǿյľͷԵһڵǽڣǽڣǽڷһ죬ըѳѷ죬ۿžҪȫ飬ǺڰǽȴȻһƽľӣǾ޷ֵһ֮Ƭ̼ˡ
ǣԿ벻ǣǰһ̣ȻȥϸСĽ⣬˽ľ룬ŵԿɵþһ
ҪѾˡ
ˡ
ǿ侳ĽͽԿĻǸ͸ʹûǹͰࡣ
ԭ澵Ϊؼʱ̣Ƹóˡ
󷨣ת̫ԭǻǿ⾳һ֡
Ȼڳֵһ̣ͱԿ飬вֽⱻȥ
ԿŪô£ǱԼ⾳ˣ˱Լһ
Կ֮ȴһα޾ǿգֲӦùĵطңͬɫͻأĳĻܣֱĻ֮ڡ
ţԿĻǶʱһͣ·мǿʶͬ
ǬͬʶɺͬԿʶ
δʶɣܺȻȼһ棬ŹɻƲó


088 
ʧԿ󺧣Σͻ֣ȴҲǿ־һЦһȼҵɣأͬҵʶɣԿ־Զģʹܿסֺηսսս
ն̡ת˲֮䣬ԿĻǻӽս˷˲նϰ콣ɢǿսը·ÿһռ䶼⣬õ󷨣·ΪĽ
ֻǣЩ嵽ΪԵڻɵ֮дĽⷵأԿն̡ȥ
еƣɫɷףͷ亹ֱʯеѾȫľٶֻһϣҲΡΡ
Ƶ͹ԿһжƵˣȴ©һһʹʯûܿǵǾһ˵־
ǿ߿һߵ壬꣬ǣȴ޷ߵ꣬һżǿ־ˣض
Կ֮һ־ʹԴڣ
ż䣬ȻǿԿûʧȥǽǿ󵽺̶ֳȣӶһǧŲµĸ󷨣һı󷨣ھǿʵ֮£ڳƲɵа
˿Ȼ뵽ǰеߴ˵һƿǺεȵİ׳
ǿҰԿƸһĸо
Ȼо첲һůСסĸ첲̧䣬ΪƲȥϵĺˮʵڲУǾӰɣ
ţһ֪ӴʲôŶˣܿ죬һůΪ֪УԼķѾĳԽˡҲףһˣһҲؽ֮ڣ֮һϣҲԲܷ
ս⣬ѵû־𱰣ָ£ҲͬҪҵ־һսаһָ̬֮˫ɽضԼµĴ
ҪƴʵȴȻһŮӵ³çֻ־ǿǰһ־أͻĻ꣡
գȴʹסˣŤͷһ֪ʱԣĻ㣬ԭֻɽ嶴ѨʱҲüΪˡ
㣿Ƽֱӻ촽̧̣һ֣۰Ƶͷˣ
˵ֿ꣬˿
ʶԷ˼ĿҲ˸˷֮ɫ
ǵһİɣС䣬󷨳ȥʰɫ
аգ˵ͷͷ֮кȻͷɳһֻ˰壺ѾˣûȫԶԸ
ãȥ󷨡ɽͻָ
ԿȴôΪлþʧͻأһЩš
ǣһ̣͸оͷȻһ˳ĿһһƬ𺣡
𣬿ɲһĺɫ棬ɫġ
ǵأͽʹУ˾޴ʹһŲơ
ԿɢڸܵΣгƴǽһ𣬱㱻һڡ
޷һΧȼա
ԿûԴУȻʹ⾳һ͸ӣУһķգдȵѣǺˣ·͵Ϯҵǲ㣿Ҫƣ޿ܣܷŹһΣ˶Ժ󶨻ᱨ𣡡
þҲûκεĻ
ԿȻŭãȻҪҾͺͬھΪ
ֻԿ弱ٻȻһɫɫɵһ̣ҲԿԶ޷֮ʱ侳곹׵ںΪһ壬ǿĹʹߣҲֻΪˣֻѽȴʶĽ
Σ侳γɵҲһջ١
һĽͻȻһ𣬳ûһ֮С
ʱһȴҲѾ£˻̬һ볤ײһ
䡭
ײ֮ռ𵴵ĲƣһˮưɢټɽֱնϣɽԵ׹ʯ
ںͻԳ֣ԽԽ̣ȴôߣľû˻ĿС
ɫĻȴ˿ʣ̶ȴԽԽȻ飬˾ŰС
еһʧǾŰС³ԺСա
ɽǲܴˣŹסŰСơһͬɽ˶һɽ֮ϣҲܿ
ŰֻĴָСɫСУֵݸƣԿĽ⣬£кô
⣿⻹ʵ壿ƾˡ
˵ͷֻĽ⣬ʶѾҵɻȼˣ
£˴ԪУһ֣һ̫ҰԵԲ̷Ƶģȴɽ֮УΪԼռ֮вûȻԪأЩĹȣ
ӦþʯɣЦ
㶼֪ɻˡ
֪ҽ֪Ҳ󵨵ģȻսż䣬֪żǿҪҼʱ֪ͨѾˣԿʹҶǶֵģѵ
ȴһЦͱѵˣûпСҲȷʵж֮
˵ͷѵǲҪΪסԿͺ˲Ϊûң֮ǰѾҶ͵Ϯս˼䶼磡
㣿ƴˣȴޱȸжͻԿΪʲôȥôòŻٶȣʹɹҲһյĹ


089 ʫ
ֱʱʯǸһֶԭָ㡣
˺ˣȥֻһ߾䣬СղŵĴ֮УԿԱǸնɱС䣬㻹ûиҽܽߵŮأһЦ
ŶŻȻͷƤһЦλǴ½Ľ㣬Ҳ峤ٺ١
ЦΣһۣ˼أ
ȴʱһ񣺡λǰ
ɲҪʲôǰ͸ƽһˣЦ
ǣ㣡ˬĴӦ
һ̣һȡһװдż֣ʫʣ
С䣬벻ȻвţⱾÿһʫʣɳƵϴ֮ˣȤķҳ
Ƽˣȴһ⣿Ūģ
ʲôŪģ½ˣ㲻ỹ֪ɣдǰɲᣡȻһӣҲһ飬ⱾȴǺƤͬм֣Ƹʣ
ⱾأǹԪ½Ҳ޴½ģҲѾ޴½Ҫ˶þͻᴫ½
Ԫɨһ͡
ΪⱾĸʣȻɭ½ʱɽʯϵġ
һǸʣһʫʣȻֶ࣬ÿһֵֶǧ𣬰С䰡㻹ʲôɴרдʫʵˣһʫʣʹһңҲԸģ˵
Ǻ棬нӹǱʣϸĴ
壬ȫģʯ̣Ƶķ˴룬֮Ȿ½ǾȻм֣࣡
˭Ȥơ
һЦǸʱʶһħŮӣ
ǣǸأ
ǵһŮӣǽɽׯģ
ƻشĻʵҲŹƣתЦ㣬ⱾҲҿ
ȤƷζеʫ
С䣬ǳˣЦ
ͲҪȡЦˣ˻ͷҲΪÿ˶дһ׳ǸǻǿȥɣλǼȻˣԺҾͲõʲôˣǲ֪ҿˣ
ǣѶֶܰɣסղŵŵҿǵ㣡û˵
˷ɽͷĴ£˴һµ峤ϴУ½ȻٳΪŮ峤µƣΪҲ˽½ҲΪƺ϶У
нΪҾͿԴչȭˣ㣬Ҵ㽫󷨴ڸеˣңפܲһ׵Ľ󷨣ң㿴Σ
ûзԣ˵ͷʹнҲҪСģ˵˵²ô㣿
ҪѧϰһЩ֪ʶֻϧֻ£ҸûܽӴ츣ƺҲ࣬лĻȥڼ͵գ֪㿴Σ
ȥڼ͵գһ㶡
Ƶ˵ͷ˿ԼķԺҴ㽫ʱҵķ԰Ҵ⣬ǿҵıȥ͵գȻʱӦòֻ̫ҪҿԽżе֪ʶѧȫУǷҪﵽż磡
ҲãʦǶǺܱصģʹŪ߼ϵҲȽѣԼʦȥѰң㻹ȥ˵˵
ҵķҪսɵศɵģһ弶󷨣׵ĶԸ䣬оżٺ٣㹻ɱżǿˣ
żͲҪˣ˼ѵõģʹҿɱ˼ħޣȴѵõ˼ΪǸħʱȫȼԵУﻹ߼ǿ͸㣡
˵ţоͶߵƵİɫɫС뼦¡
ƼˣǼƨƨߵĽӹͨ󷨣ֻҪǿߣǾˣ£ɱ˾Ҳδɡ
ݸӹ֮ͽڣֱڰеĶ֮ڣ£ȴżǿ
ٺ٣ҲתΪƵģƵķԣ˫ֽӡȻʧ³һ
Ҳȫʧӱֻһͨͨˡ
ףȻҶ̽鲻ΪǾȡ
ٺ٣㣬̫Ϣһ̫ݣҵķڿǰȫĺܣһΣԤ֪ʹǾżǿҲɱˣƱЦ
Ԥ֪ɫһ顣
Ԥ֪ſԿδǴ˵ž߱ʹ񼶸ҲԴﵽġ
񼶣ֻڴ˵֮С
ô˵Ԥ֪ǻˣص
ûô׼ȷ֪Լһֱ޽ӽһŶȻбֻ֣û뵽λǸңԤ֪ʱҲ̣
ŮѯʲôͷȴƸˡ
֪֯ʵ
ȵ˵ͷԿһɱ֯ԿѾˣӦþͻǸԼʤУ
֪ԼʤںδǽԼʤҲɱܷư飿
ôҪư飿ɫһϲ
Ƶ˵ͷһԿĽѾҵУʯ֮󣬱ģԿƣ仯ΪһԿȻԼʤɱȡ֯İǵˣӶƣ



090 ¥ĸ
˸飬գŷ׷̤䣬ٿһдᣬ󷨵˳ϴǽϣһˣ޲
֮£Ѿװ߼ƵʯʼֲפΧʮ򣬽ı֣ڲȴûκεӰ졣
֮У˫ҲͬʱӡԺйˮʽղ硣
ؽӡϣȻۻ࣬ԱȥٿĴָУ
ӡ棬ǰ֮ؽӦפľͱһټǳǡ
ӡศɣ峤вһ󷨵ŦһɫԲֱһҡ
󷨸ڵжͨ͸Բֻ֪ǴÿҪҲΪӴ󣬱ҪŦͶŴһ
һֻʱæˡ
һˣһ̤Ƭפذʮˣ󷨾ͽǰԤԶ磡ʱжݷЧǿƿûоżϵľ磬붼롣
ȻڲҲ޷׵뿪ˡ
֮Խ粻ʱ̿ҲΪĵ̫Ӵ
һоŮһķʣֻ˵ижһжƸʯ
֮ǰߵִУڿ֮Ǹ󷨡
ȴΪƴ꣬ȫ߽ףΪƵħ鱾߼ٽɣﵽʼӦþͲˡ
ȻûԪӤǣʯȴɿʹͬʱ֫⣬ħ飬ʼꡣ
ڵƱѾȫﵽʦļ磬弶ĶʱΪ޷նƣ䷽ҲﵽֻħǶһܲ⣬ȴҲǿΪƵΪٶѾɿˡ
ûнħڣǷפأıͷһͬǰǡ
УͬʱҲڽ̵
ûиˣȣ㹻
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㣬ǰһ紦ƲŵĶҲǸ˵ӰɽׯҲֻаˡ
ôŽ㣿
ԼʤĵҲ̫˰ɣȻһǣ
˵ͷµϢԿɿ
ǾҶпң
˵ͷСģУλ֮Ѷңһ㹻ɱ
ݸһŴѶ飡
ƵͷӹЦһԸ¶ˣһγɹԼʤɱǻ䶯ٺ٣ʱ޾ٲʹ͸ǣǾ̫ˣ
˵꣬˫ֽӡ״̬
Ԫ̽ķֵǾȻûκθӦŷҲ֪ԼܵѾˡ
ƴҡڵĽ¥һεĿ棬һŮӸ̨Ūˣ̨·๫Ӹӵұлߺ߸ͣ
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ŮӵȷʵܺӦǧѡģطӦڸŵĴʣưкգ̫еԲǰǸʦˣԺҪҪΪ¥еŮӸһЩ鰡֮ĸ
ⲻһ乫ӵĴ˵һйŮһӸ羪ȵ˵
һˣСӾһۣ˲ʫһд˵ģ
Уʼɣ˼ҿǽʦʦСүĲ˵̨ŮӶǮСүҪˣһ˿˵
㰡͵һŶȥɣΪܰˣ

һ׸裬һŮ۱
ҵܿʧ˶
ưЦʱûƮƮ˶¥ǰͷĸЧãһԷֹԪ̽飬ƵҲûǿǱ롣
Ϊ֪ԼʤӦòڶ¥
̨ףϣżһЩûйرյģҲἰʱĳۣķ£Ҳ۸
ٵ¥װεĽ̻ԻͣǶŸɫҹ飬һЩĵͽԵüΪºͣһķ޲գüͷѰһ䷿ݣ˫ֽӡó̫ݣֱӾǱС
̫ݣŶݼеǰ֪ʶоģ﷿еͨ󷨶ûκεá
ǸһȥƵӲһɳΪϣ彻ߺΪ
գд֪ãƼæ˳ٴǱһ䷿С
ﵹǽΪŵڴշת࣬ŴȴˡǱ뵽֮ڷĿꡣ
伫ΪĿһٶƽףеİҲӸߵԼʤһɳϣҸŮӷĻУйơ
ǰȴмˡ
ֻһ˵ԹܼңΪڻûд
ԼʤҲüͷȴֲɹ˭ɱԿƿԵŮõˣȥ
ǹܼң˵ν䵭ʧޡ
ֻǱһ㣡ưһȴŲմصŲƵԼʤı
ĿⶢԼʤһȥ뻹ˣΪʱ·ϣѾĸǺɱģʹɱҲꡣ


091 ܷ
ĵֶݳ˷䣬վڷ棬ѶϢ˫ֽӡʯ˷Բ֮أϵ£γɵĻþֻҪеˣ޲ޡ
֪û㹻׼ԼʤҲҪΪȡɱԼʤĻᡣ
󷨸ոճͣԼʤѾˣΪҲһʦһ߼ʦ
ȻƵ󷨲ܰĵȼۣɺܴԡ
˭ԼʤٺһֱӾʹ͸¥¥գͬʱ˫ҲڿӡȻʹʧˡ
ʧȴӲƷĸӦ޲аĹԼʤ
ԼʤһԼ޷ãٴνӡ˫͵һơ
ƾ͸оպȻһԼʤܷԲ׵Ŀռ·ʧһ㣬Ҳ˵ƸӦˡ
磿뵽һ⡣ǰин磬ʩ߿ס֮гɾһ磬ͷ·𿪶죬ռһ㣬ʩߵľԿƣѵ߼ʦԴﵽľ磿
ʱԼʤɴ״̬ƾ۹ۿֻܷгһ͸֡
ౣ
һƾ͸оȻһֻչа׵ľ޴Ǵ֮³һ棬ͽָ̤֮ϣݡ
ʥ߽ħֻһױԳΪޣﵽķ˼ˣƿħ鱾֮󣬲ɵðһ
֮ǰĲı壬ǻɵ壬ʱѪë
ܵɫһĳ˲ԼʤɫͨѪ죬θһֳӳһɫСܣСܿ󣬵ֵ棬æԶۡ
ȴţ˽ɫС֮ϣС֮󣬻һӰٴοɫĻ棬γһƥ˲ͽһԼʤ˿У˸ڡ
˼;żħʦȣĲһ㣬˵Իӵżǿ츳ˡ
㣬Ű˰ĴԪҰƳ嵽ԣǼеһ
գգۣǿɰһˣ
йƤһ㣬ȴҲоȣԪ䶼ܱת˲ջ١
ʧطԺӶ䣬ȴһСܣݸƣӦһڵϵȷ͸ˣ
ͷһϲ֪ԼʤĶûнը٣ȻֻаƴСסޱȣܲɼǷæ˴Ԫ֮ڡ
˴㽵֮ʱķȻˣΪ޾
ˣ٣̬࣬գ֮͵ƶ˵ǰ
һ޾æһ񣺡Ƽ£
޾һƣ̬ʧȡ֮΢ЦɣС䰡ҽܽλǣ
˵䣬ĿѾϣΪΪ֮⣬ΪòԾֻ޾ԵĸżҲǴ˵ȱ顣
ˣﶼܻӭ
Ȼ֪޾ΪζԼĳƺˣæصر£λϴҸ˵ʦ
Ŷ峤ʦϴβ˵ʦ𣿹ǣ޾Ѿֱʡ
һЦСŮǵ黹Ϣŭϴ֮װжҲֻǲ֪ҵòҲýҵͽԼ׷ɱԼʤ
޾ǺһЦɷ汾ͣС䣬ʫǺܻӭӴÿÿΪϲرǾ䡮ߴʤ벻ɹȲӣ
޾ֱӾһƨһЩҲĸоôܲӦ֮ѡɱԼʤĿľڴˡ
һͬʱȥֻУƵʯȴĵ뿪ı𣬲һ˷֡
޾ĺ鷿У˷ֱ޾΢ЦҲͦˣϴ֮ûиƽͣһΪȷʦǵѣҲǴƳʦ
ˣȻһɾ͸С
֪֪Կ䣿ɷȳͽ޾Թ
˵ͷͽѾˣֻԿȴߣȴҲ˵꣬Ű֮ǲָܻģ
޾գųһ΢΢ͷĿ⿴ƣ⣡
һ㶣æվ޾һ
ɱԼʤйشͲλͲң𣬵ǳְ֮
л£
޾΢΢˵ͷЦɣ
ƹ޾ȴֺʵ˵Ǵɭӳģ֪ʶģ
ֻǰЩȥһ˹Զ·Ѱһʵħ飬͵
ǲ֪ɷԸɹס޾ʳĿġ
˼Ƭֿ̣˿ƣ˵ȻҵĵܵѾ˱µҲֻˣ
ʲô˵ĵܵܣ޾ǳԾ
ǺǣǰЩոոµģ
޾ˣȴַǳɻΪ֪ӦƵŮ˲Ŷԣͽܣ˵µĵܵܣȫˣֲ˼ѯʣεֽԵλһ
ˣҲɹĴ֧ɽغڣԼʳǽï


092 ¹
Կ͵Ϯ֮סˣïǱԾס֮С
УֻڱȽᣬǱã濴ֻʮң˾ѾԲϡ
ֻڿƲ̫ϲȻͼ˵˾ɫɫĸо
޾֮ˬֺƣȻΪסΪżֶκһ˵ޱҪȴ磬Ǯʲôģ˼Ҳῴ˿ĶʹҲһó֡
ƺ뿪֮󣬴ԪѾǴĲƸˣ˰֮⣬߼ң޾͸һȨɳ
ǱɵϷУĳƺţֻƺûдӦ޾ֻ˻δľλˣΪɹĹˣǧ긳˰
˵ķᣬҲòֵ̾Լи㡣
еȴûǶɡ
ɽüһ£ħˣħӵԼԺͬ𣿡
ϸɱغȴһ֣Ȼɽ֣Ϊ⵹һᣬħɹ֮һٹǺħã˵ԽٹһʱҾͿԹϷټĻٹˣɹĹ֮һϽ˿Ҳ֮һϣ
һЩĲɣû
ɽȴ˵ʮѾںǲŶ˻Լʱô죿Ҫ˼꣬ͻӭȢˣʱ
޾˳˼þòſһŮңӦΪҸֻҪɹ㹻˿ں͵򣬾ͿԶȡĸˣõ뾴ηǱпһǿߣһɹΪ½ʮеĵ߸ӵ񼶴ڵĹң
գͬʱ޾һ˵ҵȶȫ´һԸ
޾ҲվЦһô£ǣǸȴܴãʹһǾѾˣӴӵʫұѾ˾Ǿþ֮࣡
գǰһӦӢ
£ïüʵ
ЩӾͽͻȥɣԭΪҽκҲܲùҵһЩøУʯѾʧһҪһЩף޾ص

˵ƺڷؾȪɽׯ֮ͽ״̬ݣٵ¥ȥ
ʱʯȴ¥֮Уʼ̽ÿһ䣬ԼʤսǵĿУ·ŴƬ޾Ҳ֪ԼʤĲص㡣
ķܿ챻һЩʦƣƵıϵ¥ĵ֮󣬸ҪȴȻоǰȻ̽顣
ףĪǻе½ưһæʯʯںһ֮˫ֽӡʹݣ˳̫ݡ
Ƶξͳһ°֮С
Ƕҹ飬ͣת˰죬ǰȻʣȻһΪĵ¹
аףʮɫԲߴʮף֧ΰĵ½
ԣһŰҽŷţżмµѲӡ
һľͷϷһﻭȻԿ
Īܾݵ㣿¥ֻΪ˶ĿɣλӦôڿӵ·ֲú˷֣ٴΰͬʱȴԳΡ
ֻȴȫıԿģԿĽȻûбȫŪǣʯǺεȫֱɣͷ壬ʹƻ¶һĽƣϢʯþŹԸݸıԿһģһˡ
˵ڵƣһԿ
ƸһֳΣ˵ԣһЩѲӵˣæڵأ̫ӵ£
Ƶ˵ͷɣ
˵ɣ̤ϣȵԭԿĽ֮ϣһ࣬˫ֱźףƽ
̫Ӳ˴ţ׷ȥˡ
ܿ죬һۺɫѵŮŮٶ룬ụ̈΢۷飬رǸʵظ·ʱᱬըһ㣬ΣһŤƵԡ
ȻһҲƵ࣬Цݣӣˣ
ǿ򶨣ΪʶԷ溦˵©죬رܲ˵ǣŮҲ̫Ը˵㣬΢΢ʹڴ󿪣ѩֱ붼չƵ
һǺ޲̧ħצ΢΢˵ͷһǰԼʤɱʧһʵūͣ
ҲҪѹЩûз¥ĵܣǵʧɾ͸ˣӣǸŮӺ˭
Ǹ˾ƣŮǰʦ
ƣŮӺһ
ôʶ
ūҲֻ˵ڳĴأҲ٣ӣ㲻˵ƱסҲǵˣҪ̫ƽǵˣôֺȻԹܼˣ
գͷȴһ̶˵ͷȷʵҲµһӣɱԼʤҲҵĹʧµģ
ˣŮһ
תʦйԼʤ䣬ԭֻҪƵõŮӵΣΪԼʤߣ뵽ŮӾȻ̫С
˵˶٣˼Ƭ̼ȻѾˣǾͽʹԹܼѾˣƾͿԵõ޾ΣضܵãҲȡʦԼʤûɵ飬Ժɣ
Ƶ˫й¶뼫ǿɱ⣡
ŮٴһݣĿҲη̽ǴԺǵĹܼң


093 Կҵ
ʱʦر֪ͨгԱܵĲҪȥһжҵ֮УһʱöҪ£̫˵ע⣡ֱ˵
ǣӡŮӦ֮ɫȴȻһϲӣʯڴˣ㣿
˵䣬ŮӾȻ˼ɵĽ⿪Ƶָܷܷ·ḧţ¶ƤоȷһжģСֿƣƵĿһѾץסƵĿ֮
һܲˣֱӾͱֱǹŮȴк᣺ӣ㣿ڻָˣǴū̺㣬ǣ
Ů˵ţѾƵϣǱѹıƽظһңƵСܣ
Ȼʻ䶯ѾƱ⡣
޸޸ԭԿֻҪ̽һЩϢû뵽ԸеŮͶͱˣԿǰӹú𣿡ưһ
ȴˣΪҪ飬ͱñΪ壬ʯûһ˱Ϣͺ׷й©ŮӵΪҲһ㣬䣬Һͬԣֻ̡
Ҫ̣ŮȴȥѾٲ»ŮӲ
μ֮£ƻ˹ȥ˫Ҳ͸ŮӵڣץסŮӵѩ
Ƽѩһֻȫղද֮£ָʮ㣬Ƭ֮䣬ŮӾѾ΢΢ˣѵ£¶˽壬ǰ˶Ҳȫ¶Ƶǰ
ǵŮͼΪµʵȴȻסŮӵ֫Ůӵظ֮䣬ǵͬʱ˫ҲҸգද
ŮӺԽԽأ˫ֱסƵͷԽظͦ𣬺
ƺܿڳһ֣˼ɵ̽ȹ˫ȡ
þá
Ůȫ޹ǵ̱ĻУԽԽԿ֮ʱֹͣ
񫣬ֱ
ŮӼͻȻֹͣɫסƵĲӣʵӣôˣΪԼʤ𣿡
Ƴ̾һ˵ͷֻϣԼʤҪң
ӣԹܼһӵģǵӵģֻҪΪӰ£ֻҪܹ⸴ҴǬʹūҲĸԸŮ˵գ㽫ͷƵ֮ϡ
ҵƣʯֻΪṩ壬ȴ޷ٰŮ飬Ժ¾ҪίˣƱŮӵ壬ࡣ
Ůһ㶣̶ȻüĿַ֣ӶѾܺˣӷģūһҲ뿪ӣ
ȴ¶ǳǳЦ⣬벻뿪²˵ˡ
ȳȥɣ⣬ܵĲҪó͢ΪҹǣʲôϢ͵ҵ鷿һʱ䣬Ҿסˣ⣬ٶŪһЩҪ¹ټӹһЩŮӵĺΡ
ţŮ·΢Цȥ
ֻʣһˡ
ҴƬ̣ˣӰʧʼת
ҡ鷿ӦоС
һ˵鷿ԳӰ⽫ԿͷųҴ
鷿һ࣬Ļ񣬲ұƺְλǴӰǰĴǬԿĸ׽
ʼ鷿еһЩϣ඼йشǬʷأ⻹Կ½еܲƲֵƹһ£ټֵʮң½дԿܲƲܻء
¥Ҳֻ֮һһˡ
ԹԣԿСӿǵˣԺʱǸ˳֣
ưһ
ҲһֵЩܲƲͻأ¥ƹΪһСС¥ǧңߵľƹҲٶң
ƨԿ£ĺӣеϧ¥;ƹݿ˶ĿģϢȴΪͨаЦ
ףƺȻһĺ鼮һ˵ÿһִϸϢ
鷿УƼйԿһиˣɴ˿ɼԿܻʱһȽϳŦá
˴ܼңȻǰ˼䣬˸ңټɹѾԹܼң˾ˣӦԿµĹǸˣʣµ߼䡢ʦħʦҲа֮࡭
һ߷һ߽һϢԺ֮С
ܿ죬ղȥǸŮ鷿ݸһԪ䣺ӣֻô࣬ӻҪĻҿ֪ͨ˴͹
ƽӹ֮Ԫ̽УаʮţߵҲֻֻһţȼԽͣԽࡣ
Ƶ˵ͷȥɣҹˣҿʼʯ֮뿪ӵаһѾѲң㻹ҪƽʱռһЩ䷨͸ңҲҪúõоо
ŮӵͷȥƿʼֲʹΪԴȪ鷿֮оͰһһ󷨵Ŧ໥֪γһֱһ׵ĲɫԲ
ԲգһѲƶԽһ𣬶໥ɣɢ¹ͰһУƵ֮С
ֱʱƷΰ״ǧףҲǧˣЩ˴󲿷ֶ
⣬ﻹк԰ԼƺһЩòŮӣֻЩŮӴҲ֮С


094 ø
ЩŮˣûд㶯ʵǶܲˣʯ޷Ϊɸƿ
ƵҲһ뷨ȫԽЩŮ͸һơ
һ󵨵ļƻѾƵԺ֮гˡ
Ʋµ֮ŮӾѾٴεΪ˼ʦ鼮
ͨżʦΪڵ֪ʦľ绮֡
߼֮ԼʤΪʲôԳһˣʦͿӵԼ߼ʦԳһ粢ʲô£ֻжԾȴֻһ򵥵ƣûκεϸע⡣
˼;żüͷ塣
ŮӼ̬ڵӲ̫黳õϢ֮ʳǵ帮ٿһȵŮѡʦʱǵһԻȥֻǻҪѡԱ
ŶƲɫȴһϲΪΪ׼ȥ帮͵գɶɶ
Ҳˣ½У߼ʦкܶ࣬˼;żʦȴ٣ʹУҲˣΪǸķй
֮˵ͷ֪ˣжᣡ
˻ҪūЩʲô
Թܼ˵Ҫ˭ܼҺʣ̧ۿŮӡ
ūһӵİţŮӵҲɴࡣ
Ҵɹ飡
ˣŮӺ⡣
һὫ͸ǰ㲻ɱ¶֮Ĺϵɶƽ壬ֱĶŮӡ
Ůһţæڵأū澣ū澣
ôԸ⣿Ѿ֮£
ū澲ңū澲ңŮӾʧ롣
Ƹ壬һֻĽ°̧𣺡ɣ
ʱҪ¶ƺǵĹϵһƾο͵¥Ҳڻ߱չصʱһжҪָƾݣ㲻֪Ϊ½˶ûмɶģ
ŮӼæͷȴҲ˼ǲҲǴǬеһԱΪƣ
Ů뿪鷿Ʋ鷿ﲼһ磬󽫱ߣʯȴʱռϣɺϵĵ֪̫ƽȻ֮䣬Ѫϵݹϵ
Ƶı𷵻ؾȪɽׯѾһȺʱˣֳãɫѾԳ
һ̤ͬ䣬ȴͻȻƼ̽
ƣȴҲ޾͸Ĳɫ멣硣
޾鷿нӴƣһƾȥǼγ֮޾ȴû뿪ȥʮ
֮£ֻȥѩѩ
յſڣмŮʫ䣬űܳŮ
ѩȻ⻹һʮŮ̸ϾȴҲǳׯƤ׾ѩҲܲƲʶ
С䣬¶ˣѩŭơ
ƺεŮ˵ͷֻǵĿһλŮ֮ȴŮպȻƵĿ⡣
ɣһ¾ͺˣȻҳԼܷΣҲɣ
һ£λҵʮãҲСһҿɸ㣬Ժ۸Ǻܳģѩֺݺݵĵһۡ
ƸԻ󲻽⡣
һͬѩѩƵļ򣬵ѾˣĸһͬȥΣȻ͹ûؼң
ţɻĿ
һ˿ɬƣ乫ӣҼʳǣ֪ӿɷԸ⣿
ûش𣬶ǿѩ
ôԸ⣿Ǹּ⣬㲻ԸҲԸ⣡
ŶƵ˵ͷԺȴ˼޾ĺ«ﵽʲôҩ
Ÿʲô߰
ھ߰ƸоԼĴһЩˡ
㻹ʲôҪ׼ģ
һ룬⵽ûУǸطԼҲ˽⣬иţ˵黹ðĶ࣬Ǿ͵˵ͷȥ֪ͨҵĽ㣬ҽһߣ
н㣿Ŷ˵ˣǸһȥݻݻ

һˣ̤ͬһŷƷϣǰƣ·Զ˷ߣҲΪ֮ˬ
ֻ֮ƾͱ˸һˣѩᡢΧѯƵ飬δкˣĸô
֧֧ᣬϡͿӦš
һֱƵߣͷʱʱĻ͵ۿƣȻֵͷȥ֮ϣǴɢĺΡ
ˣˣѾͷôˣҲĲ̧ͬϢķǹĶͷϡ
ѽһæˣһա
ĽҲһǲǷˣ뵽ԷķӦô
ŮҲæĿ˶ϣѩһסƼʲôûйͿʼ۸ˣ
ɶʲôûйţӲһɳ
ߣ㻹װ˱ԣҸҪҿ˵ˣĻӣûн֮ǰԲãѩ·űһڻϵĺñ£нڣ
찡ⶼʲôʲôֻǼһֱǺģǲǷոðʲôʱֶδˣᡣ
ѩˣûи˵
˵ʲôô֪ƵĿҪѪˡ
Ĳ֪
Ĳ֪
ѩƿҪı飬üסˣǵͨ죬ᶼߵĳ֮ٴδŭҲǰ֪֪֪ˣ͵ø𣡡


095 иС
ƼҪˣҲ˵ʲô͵۴СӳҲǳˮ飬ٳǸˣƶϾô˽⣬̸ϲСõ٩һ»Ҫ飬һЩСϰˡ
ѲɽС椸ԼСţ޾϶ǲͬġΪڵݣȢһСŵʸ
Ȼ֪ˣ˵ԸԸ⣿ѩ·ųһ㣬Ȼ
ôشģԱ߻һĿеŮأѵ˵ԸֻһԼСţҲ̫˵㡣
ʹҲ˵ǣ
͵ۿ˿Ҳڿֻȴڴſֵ΢Ц
ڻǴʵʵ˵һ£ѩǱµҲûа취ǣһ飬ѾŮˣѵԸί
ʲôˣһֵȥ֮Ůһͬˡ
εЦЦǰɣѩ֪ġ
ʲôǰɣǾǣǾͲǣӻǵģȻ򱧲ƽֽĿѩϡ
ѩüͷһЩԹ˵ǻûʽԺõľˣҲûָԺֻһ˺ã
ˣȻȢţҲԲὫŷִС˰ܵĻ޷ܵġ
˿ֻȴͷѩĻҲҿƣԵӣǰ˾ųͬˡ
ǰɣ˵Ŵӵ붴ʱżͷһ棬ҾȻڲ֪¾ͱ޾δޣ޾㲻Ů̫˰ɣʮŮѾһˣھȻָʮŮ
ƿЦãȻ޾˰źܲˬܾĻѾͷӣӦûֱ¥Ʒ
ڳ׸ǵǸˣ㣡ѩ֪ƵıԣԶҲͲôңҲ֪ƲҲԼġ
̣οƻֻǳˣ
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Ƶ׸ոճ꣬ͷѾǱˣѩߺߵЦ˵ȥ˭ҵĹȥˣСţãǺˣ
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һ·߸裬һֱǡ
˵һĻҲĿ࿴Լǰ˽ƣóȻŮ۸ȴǷĵĿ֡Цݣǰûй
ѵԼѹ̫ˣǣڤ˼룬һòԵļѡΪ֪ԼΪµĵ·ؽһѪȡթĵ·ƵԣȴоƽԸ̬ټӵеĲŻ츳檳ȺңҲ϶ǳס
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ֱ˴ǽ䣬Ҳûͨ顣
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ĳɲǰгʲôģֻǴǸϽҲڳ˽У伶һΪľҲǳū͡
ˣū½ʵ
ȻЩʱš̡֮˾Ͳˡ
޾Ǵ֮ʱҲͬϽʮͨһͬ͸ƣʣ켶ΪҪѡǾԼˣͬҪƵĹϽ
ټϹѩ;ż򣬽Ҳͷǳˡ
ҲֵһЩĵˣæµһ죬ƽ齨
ֻǣƷԴ֮ѩȼŮͶʵϾ׿ڳϵĺգҲˣңòҲȷʵüŮΪʼɡ
ΪмȴæòɿռذĶĳҪ󷨼ӹ̵ģĵһʵϵĸݵأȻҲͷǳӡ
ȻҲһֱֻӦʱʹá
ҪҲܲ𣬵Ǹ޴󷨣ÿնҪöά֣˽ʱ򣬻Ҫӹ̣ĵĿɾ͸ˡ
˵̣Ƶıɵ˰֮ļ磺
ҹĻ٣Ʋ˼˯ֻվ߲ߵĳϷңڵɭ֡
ĵƵԣ̬ʵС䣬ˣ
Ƶ˵ͷ㣬ǵȶ֮Ҿ͹ʳˣʱҴʳǣȴʱ帮ֻҪܵõߵȼһĿеǸ󷨣
δΪƸ߹йǸ󷨵飬ֻǾעƣĿԣ˭ûӱܣֻ໥
ã³һĻС䣬Ըʲô
ԸƳ˼
Ҫ
룬ʹԸʮֿ϶Ļص
գһʱˣֺܿʵʵԼ룬ҵ룡
Ƽ࣬ĿԶ˫ֱͷĺһΣźȻ˵ǾǿԶȢһЩŮӵţ
ѽͻȻһòһ㷢һƣȴѾܿˣ߻ƵЦ㣬õңһ죬һģ
ǸĵСɽȴҲһţŭһȴ¶΢Ц


096 
ƵҾڴ¥ֻǸһƿţȴѾһˡ
ˣƨƨߵĽڻУǹ⻬۵塣
ǾС죬ĵһۣߣң߿Ѿô֪ˣδ޶ˣ
δޣǶ˵ˣ㶵
ѵ㻹ң΢Ťһ壬Ҫ뿪ƵĻ
ôͬ⣿øʹȫѹĻУЦﰡ֮ǰĲ֪飬ңҲûдӦ𣿵´μ޾ҾͽŻ¸ˣҲϲСѾͷʱ·֮ûƵҲСѾͷС벻ʲôɵ£Ͼ޹ģ
ģû뵽˺˵ָֻϲɫ
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ƵĻ˵ĴΪģرǻ빲һԣбȳۻҪ𣬿ƵҲ˼⣬ŤŤҵȻ֪Ұ͹ô£
ѩҪǾȵãֻʯѾΪҵķˣû취ٻѩˣҲ޷ȥȹܻʲôʱҲ˵ҵǶΡڰᣬҶ˽ⶼ̸ϣҲֻ˼ҵĲŻ˭ϹôΡ˼˰أֻ֪ǽɽׯģͽ̻ӦһЩϵʲôһһ߶ҲǷǳҪԺǵкܴģ԰ͲҪԴˣ
Ƶһǲʵ˫֣Ѿ˵ģȫĻˣƵĲظƵĻͷʵԭˣĲѾһ£ֻʱѹƣʯܰﵽǰҲѾһЩɵĽ̻ڵĽɽׯϽỹʳǵĴһĹϵݳȻиˣǶܲܽǶȢ֣Ҳб£
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̶Ťͷƣʮ˵齨ΪԺƹ֮ս׼޾ҲѾͬ⣬δ㣿
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ʳǣĴȥ帮üһ
Ȼȫ͸ôܱ֤սʤ󷨣ҵǶӵҲֻвҲǸռ䴫󷨣ʱǰǣǵ˶ϢĽӵ½
ҽ˵һЩʳǵ飬˵вֻһλ񼶵ǿߣ۹֮ԻڣҲΪЩǿߵԭҪȥǱҪСģ
ҵȻףֻȥ͵գֲȥܣ
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ƲȥֻҲʵĽ
С䣬ҷÿһκ֮ҵΪ
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ţ
ٴδ
ڶգƶһ뿪ڳתһʱ䣬ȻڳϽѲһϾԼĵ̣ҲȽģһµ˽⡣
ȻǴɽ㣬ɽҲǳĶ࣬ͨҪһСǺ׵飬ңͥԴԣöƤëȡƷǺڵسеҲв١
Ѳ˸һЩƺȻԼȺϣæǰڵɽȻǣɽѾһˡ
ɽҲԼռ䣬ȥɻ
ܿ죬ƾԼռĸӦϺ֪Сϵĵص㣬Ƹϵ֮󣬷ǵĹϽΧһ˵ɽأǾȻʳɽϵĺͺʯ
ǴϢֺʯǵǳкôƺһЩζ
ź˼ɽأҲǺɫġ
ȻסˣΪһּΪϤֲ
ҶϵȵҶ׹գһƬӲݴĵط


097 ѩ
һƬҶţڿо׽Ƭ̣Ƶǰǽ
¸£ˣƿټɽҶ˷ܵľ
޴ɽأټɽϵģģҰҶҶҪǰĸӷʴһ׶ߣҶ׳
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ھ̵飬ͽЩˣǿǷǳɡģиҶ˿ƳƷ
ĹȻӣ󷨴ʦԼôһħޣЧҪǰĻҪߣһǴȻȵڶյʱƵĴԪоѾһǧƵġѩѡ
ȻʱȽϲִζȴǰеЩƷѩҲһƴȿ𣬸ŵŵһ̣һڵʱһĸо·Ĳ̣ǳ
ʣµЩ̲ݣҲûзŹȫڴͬʱأֲµ̲ݣȴɽܲһԼЩе¶ҲڳԸĳ̶ȣĻͿһһֲˡ
ҪǾֻܿϰæάˣңֻħҲ˳ǰæѸĻĵأһǸָ̲ݡ
ͣգʳֵָġѩѡҪǡ
ȻŮѾַˣǲܳȥˣֹ˭ҵС
ֻܽô
ŮҲյʱ໥ˣҲһƬһͬۼڳѩȤʵƣӪԼĳǳأ
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˵ͷҲһҵĻҲֻһ飡
˵ǸǶÿռʹ磬ҪǧҵͶ롣
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ꣿӶɳˣ翪ݣǾ͵ڰ廨ۣǮ˶켶Ϊˣ˸Էٺóԣ׬ʲôǮֱӿ¥׬ǮĿ죡
ǷģֻҪкþƺ̣ԼصĶٶһЩŮ輧ȻúܶѣһȥˣһЩûĽƺŵ˵
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һ֣һѩѣʳָĴָһһŻ磬ѩѵ֮һڣܵӡ
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̵ΣȫԺԲƣһȺٶֵ켶ǣʲôĸӰ죬ȴܸһ־øУлŮһһˣеζͺ뻹һ´Ρ
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ǰƾǲôģɼ磬Ҷʳûʲôˣ̰ͼıǾϵܣ̶Σǲֵġ
Ůɶһˣʳ֮һʰ˷ֱܵգ۾
һҪѩΪ󵨣Ҫ
գٸǼ˰ԵɫֶסˣΪǴϼİ˵ȥ裬Ҳм۸İɣ
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Ǹ˰аȴ˵ⶫǲҴ۵ģ


098 һ
⣿ʧӡ
Ϊⶫֻۣ࣬Ƽæ͵
ѩŹİԵô㲻ٵҵģ˵һöһöһһҲҪ
˵ţѩһϣһֵһǧңڸʮ
ˣǮ׬˵仰Ҳ֪˭࣬ƺˬһҲˬĵʮѩѡ
ѩν˷ܽӹ籦һ˴Ԫ䣬ֺŵ֣㣬ٽ𲻣
Ůһεƺѩ⣬
ƣٺһЦһѩѣһöһһҿΣ
ʲôһöѩһöʮöµҲһ˿ˮѩֵǮҲħ޵ĵֵǮɣ
˼ɫȴһЦٺ٣ǲǿɭô࣬ƺ޾ûңû˵ˣǸ߶˿ͻûǮ붼룬ģһ־ֵϰٸѩˡЩΪߵģһó߽ٵҲʮףʹҲܻȡʮѩѵģ۸ˣȥŪôѩ̣
Ÿʮʣµô㣿ѩȻĸо
ʱֵڼʹٸҲûôĻ㣡һľܾʮָɴࡣ
ƣһ㿴ҪҪҲһȻͬ۸һ֣һ
мܲסˣ⹬вңóѾͷƺҲһЩϲԼֲʧ
ʱҾͻؼˣʱѩһЩǣ͵
ʱûУʱٸ㣬ٺ٣Ҿ˰ƺ⼸ŮԼοֱӾͽ˴Ԫ䡣
УʱҲҪһɲܺ˱ˣѩˣȻҲóһö
ǵʱҲһɣʮһָΪ󷽣ֱӾóһ
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һض
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۸ôˣָƬأ⼸ƽƬɽȴֱ߰ʮɽпյضµ̲ˡ
еճɣȴҲɹĵõ˶ʮѩѣֻڸͷȴϸ࣬ͬҲȺˡ
ֽ׶ҲֻôˣҶѾɹ⣬ҪֻܵȵһˣǰĻҪ꣬ﾭƵ󷨴һҲµʱ䣬Ҳùá
ѩһŮȻҲٲˣȻûгǮȴҲ͵͵ĸһƵĻ˵Լҵˡ
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ˣܿ޾еˣǾǣԼʮū͡һ룬ǳֶ̡
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Ȼ˶г̵ʣ޾Ȼһھúа³Ȧ֮оһף


099 ϰ
뿪ƣƽп಻Ժڸ޾ǸˣΪְװһٸ
֮ȥһ˲ռҲʮĶɽʯ¥԰òŮͶʮλҲ޾ͬۡһͬʹ͸Ƶġ
֮ʮѾ߷׷׹ʩҲΪ̾ڼˣҪȻԺ治֪ô
ЩΪū͵ģȻǷˣҪԷġ
ƸһЩңǰæжٶûв鿴뿪
ȼһѩѣһһ߳ţܹ·ˣ޲ȴܻ䣬ƾ¥
ſڵļŮֻƱȽ죬һʱȴ벻׷üЦƻУõ˴
һԴ󣬵˵ƵԣŪе룬ǣúкλӣ
ֻǻδƻشȻɫһ䣬æеģǿ㽫λӷ¥ż䣡
Ůһ㶣Ϊ¥ģݶΪģǰȻĺܣӦǵһôȴӣ
Ƶһ㲻Ĵֵָѩѣ˫ۻסŮ֫¥ȥЦλߣ
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ŮҲڵ¹ƵŮӣֻǵҲ֪Ůӽʲô֡
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˵䣬ѾƵĶϣ˫ָѾ⿪ƵƵƤԼҲѾƮɶֻһɴ˿Ĩأ˶ѹƵϡ
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ʱʹΪٸߣҲȥȡ
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103 Ůɱ
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107 ز
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109 
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վƵǰĿȻĶƿеѩѣɲǸһȵ̬򵥵һʲô
ѩ̣˵䣬һڣ³һԲȦ
һŮ˫һգȻѾƵĶ˺ģȴֲʧݣɸ߰š
ûˣһҪҪеѩѻһ룬̵һͷС
Сһ˫ڵ˫΢΢һأΪ֪촽߹ģΪеŮǺܽģʹǽǺȹˮٺȣ˵һոŵˡ
Сһ䣬ŭƭˣĴԪҿ
ɶû뵽СŮȻ˴ͰԵ֪˵ĴԪ䡣
ôˣСŮƺǺµӣǱ¶һĨϷʵЦݡ
ȻǸˣǣȴūȨ֧ҵĸ˲Ʋңѩ̣ҾϵʳҸˣҵľģʱҪô⳥Ƽ̣Ҳָ֮ɫ
СŮٴüϵʳôû˵ϻҪʳģ˵Ҫβܸһ
һŴﻻһѩ̵ģ
СŮ⣬Сִ̽Ѿһ
صĵ˵ͷȻѩ̲ǽǮ֮ܺģǣɰ󷽸߹ķϣͻһΰɣ
˵䣬ƵһȽϸŮʽѩѣֻСĴָϸһֽǮһֽ
СŮȽѩڱǶţоһζ˱ǣɫһϲŽѩѺ˿УԶɽü΢΢һأѩ̵һԶȼ룬̵ĶɫҲ˫ָסһڡ
ò˵˶رĴȻһھͺгЧһûбǺţ³
СŮɫ˱䣬ڣɫԽԽϲ
Ƽˣſ΢ЦζôɣǶ˵ʦóԷǹªšԲԷȴģܲԷһٲԣûţ
Ůûƣѩѣֱ˫ۣ·Żһ㡣
ڣѡ˵˵ͷ˵ĲȷʵǾϵʳҴٻһЩ㻹ж٣
Ѿˣˣһٸɣ͵͸Сģ
ֵݸСŮ
СŮһֽӹһȴֵҴռ˵ıˣʲô֣
䣡
СŮ̤߹
٣ǸиԵСѾͷϧҾϲռС椵ıˣа
Ҳ·Ͼܿ췵ط䣬ϷţڴϣƷ
˵СŮһκ֮ܳһӳ˫¥ǰɼǸѩѣѧƵӣ˼Ȧ¶΢Ц̤˽ȥ
ǸյУǸŵɫͱóմʱһŮŮںȦ
ĸң㣬˰죬СŮžеǣôҲⶫ
еŮУʵƼģԼɱ֣һҲܼʮ֮һķ
͵ؿȥͷмƣȴȷ̸ӸԸУȱٵŮӵģڷȴӵ쾡£ʮ£߹̬˫ü޳ˮ˫ƤѩԺͬһͷư㷢
СŮʻվôҲⶫ
·ϣһ˵ѩ̣ǾϵʳСŮ͵
ˣеŮһ㶣ر͹Ϊɻ󲻽⡣
ʲôӣʵ
СŮһۣԶֳƵӡ


Ůɱֺ͹ͬʱг
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ȴŮɱ֣ҶôҲʶ
Ůɱֵ˵ͷԵһ棬ǰЩʱƹʱ򣬾˴ƹӽսôͻȻﵱˣ
վӦòƣΪҸոյõϢƻңԶսˣôһӻ
ҶŮɱҲ˵ͷҲõͬϢңǸƵΪǸĪ⣬пǾżǿߵģΪȴ͡
˵ƣǲǾǸʫʵƣʵ
˵ͷֻ¥ȥֻɻѩ̾͸ҵģ˺еġ
ӦòѰɣҸʱˣҲΪƣ˲֪ԭ䣬¥ϰشģҲصĸɵܵܡѩӦþǴõģǰÿ첨񸮵ˣܲѩ͵һ֣ʯص׷֮һʯĶܲأ͸䣬ҲûʲôˣҶ͵
»гôˣ̾
˵ĶʲôʲôСŮһҲȫû˸߹̬֮Щϣરળѩѡ
ףõѩѺǵĲһأȽϸʺŮӣҶĹ۲ȽϸЦ
СŮҲ˳ҵѩѣһԼģȴŭǸƻˣȻôϸѩңͷһˣߣȻһܻһһһˣ


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ŮСŮ˿ɰģһ󿩿ֱЦ
գ˵ã¥ɣλҪ飡
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ã̸̸°ɣ֪һΪƵ飬ҶԴȴΪѾ涨߼ϵ䣬Բܴ˵ģԴǸĻص
һЦ㣬ֻôһʣϾƶжҲ֪ܻãܽΣҲǾһǶıĲܣǾ͵ûʾǣҪҲΪ㣬ԺпܾҪչˣҲ֪ٴ
áס˹˫֣к
λ㣬Ͳˣعȥˣȥ
ѾߵĻ£㽥нԶֻӰȴԵһЩµ
ջĿ⣬Ҷ
ҶҲͬڿһʵҲһЩ飬ͬеϵ
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ϣ帮ɳһЩͨбˣƹŤת˵ľƣãϴõ˳ִɱƣȴûܳɹҶЩɥ֣ҪףѾ޷ˣ
ӵ˵ãǾżʦɫ󾪡
ģֻǰѹΪȻҲ̫帮ˣǣȴձ²⣬ǵˣҶ˵꣬Ķŷ
þδ
ΪϣȻһ帮ľż֣ǾͲò帮ˣҶȻ˵ίȴҲʣ˭ܲ³е˼帮Ϊʲô˰ɹԸ帮ƹ
ã˵ɹ˴ɱƣΪΣʵ
˵޾ǰƹսͼƹֻ̲Ҫȥˣôսͺпܲڷټǰ˵˵ΪߣָӦıҾͽ⣬ȴû뵽ƾȻ˵ãҶ˫нľʹɱ
ٴγĬˡ
ã֪帮֮ȻȴԳһһĻ壬ǣһƵľżʦܱ֪˽ο壿ģҶٴ
ʱĶŮѾû˸ղųѩʱĺ
Ҷ㣬һҸתģҸ֪гϣҷİɣû£ҼҶ죡
ллˣҲҪļأҶɫֹ΢Ц
ˣҶȥϷϢһ
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Ǹ߲ãȴ˫һ䣬ü絶棬ҶҶѵҲ֪ʲô⣿ڤҲҪ̫ʲô帮ˣѾӰ쵽ǵļƻ˰ɣҪǵ֣ȥĵˣļ֪ͨȥƹĹƹѾѾã帮֪ܲɹǲǵˣǹ䣬ƹս֮УǾĹлɳˣֱ̲˵ǻͼıɹһأ
䣬Լļ⣬ֳ˼Ƭ̣Ȼ뵽Ǹ䣺˵ƳúҰй۲۲ɣ
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ƾϲģʯսʤȥǼ֮ƹսʱͻȻһֵǾǹѪҺںĵطȻһЩ仯ƺԽ䣬ѪҺͻԽǿȻǺԣȴΪĲҵһͻƿڡ
ɴˣʯŲƣֱʯ޷ĺ֮ʯȷһʵѪҺǿԳõĴˣҪڼط
ԹڵΪ޷˵壬Ǳ֮ùĻǶɢ
֪ûǰ˵еĺеĻУǷǳĺʣ취Ϣ߹幫ݣҪҵһĹӦñװɣ
ƿŴͷȡĴѶ顣
һ˵Ѷ鶼ǳɶԵģֻԵĴѶ֮䣬ʹþ໥ͨţǰֻţֻﴫ͵Ĳ֣ǾⲨֻҪ켶ΪˣǺġ
ǰֻͨ˷ɼת΢ĵŴתźţܺͨ߷͵վվźŷŴӵ磬ͨӵԷֻҲõŲݡ
ŲǲǾأƱǵŲǿߵ侳˲ﵽƣ˴ѶӦͨͺͽϢģӦ󣬽ѶϢͨѶ鵼֮Уֱ͵һ֮ԵĴѶ֮ڣǰֻǲǿԽ⴫Ѷ죬Ūɿֱ˵ֻ
ţԽĿֻ⴫ѶҲͿֱ̭ˣʱؽһʲƵ룬յֻּһ˶һ˻ᣡ


111 ҹ
ͨ󷨣ҪʴѶѾǺѵˣմѶԭʯҲһɽկĴѶ飬ִֻѶʹõʱ䲢ãĴѶϺõྦྷʯ
ྦྷʯǴʯȡģһʯֻȡһɼ̶ȣ֮ͬ£ֵࡣ
ʹԭҲֻȴҲ޷ʹá
ΪҲҪһźŵĻվǵĶܺͷźš
̧ͷͷǣ֪ܷܲǣǵ̫ͬвһ󷨣᲻ᱻЩ񼶸ָɵܷ̫ܲգ
ֻܽһ뷨֪ʯйо飬ʯȥͷ۰ɣǼһĴǲҲ˷ˣƿ˵ǰ˿ɶǸݰԭŸʲôģΪġɡѵͱЩ˲
ҲǲϵĲͬ
ţƾ˯˹ȥ
ҹĻ٣ȴ֪һӰȴȻ룬һƯ˴ߡ
þãӰƲûжȻš
ڲԶһŮӹ뷿УҶü˼ȻûзȥʱҪɱԲܶ㿪ѵĲǸƣ¼ôƵˣֶһЩͬ䣬ƣˣ
Ůͬɻ󣺡С㣬㲻˵䲻Ǹ𣿡
ǷģҵԸƣĻͿԿƺ帮ˣҲȥǵ鷳ҶصУҪȥ̽̽
һ֮˫һαˣ֮䣬Ƶķ֮УѾһһӰӰīںڰ֮У۸޷
ߣȥȥҴææǺοأΪβ̸˯ƣȻĿնĿǰ
㣿ܷңӰһ
ղѾˣֻô㣡ƶֵһѩѣָͷϳֻ磬һڣ˵
ƣӰʵ
ҽ˵˵Һƣǣȷʵǣǹ㣬ҹһ˵ķʲôѵǵɻŮ
ǣذɣȻ㲻ƣηַҵģ
뷢㻹򵥣䶼ѾҲ󷨣ȻΪߣ˲ɱңҵһĶֵأҪҲ̫Ѱɣ
ƻӰ³֣ƺҲȥƵǰƮƬ̣˵帮ʲôĿģ
ϣõߵ۵ӦöˣҪȻ˭ԸۣΪβֳ
أҲҵƣ㲻ҳϣ
ǺǺǣʹҲǣҵƲˣѵƵСˣ
㣿ٸҺС˺죬ƣұɱ㣡飬ĪҪ˸֪Ӱһֱ֮ɢ
ͬʱһеҶҲ˫ֱŭӡ
С㣬ô
Ҷһҡҡͷȷ
֣һѩѣȼֻȴڰѵƻ䣿гôˣ
ƼӰɢȥȴҲ˼źӰ˭Ȼ帮ȥɣǺģѵǷҶҲ˻ɣ
˼ţźȻ죺أء
˭ģò˯ˣһҹȻô飿ƿаһӴ򿪷һһЩɵۡ
ǰǸС㡣
Ǹ̬߰һ˸վſڣͷȻֻƵ°ͣҪƣֱͦ񣬷ڸƣһ־Եĸ߹̬ӵ񣬶ֻһҵơ
˭װͿʵ˿ûŮԼֻȴɻѲɸղŵĺƾŮӦòɣ
ȴС֣ĴῪٸҼѩѡ
˵꣬һֻȡһҵһһѩѣһļֵ൱һٿԣһٸ
йƤһ㣬Թ˵Сѣҹģ㲻˯
ѩѣ̷·һ仰Ըƶ˵˵һ䶼ƺܵһ㡣
Ƽ̬ĴܴһתҲȻݡ
üͷ㣿
ʲôңСѾͷ㲻˰ҲɣѩҵģҸ㻻Ϊ㵱ѣȻ㲻ҵѣΪʲôҪ㻻ΪȱǮҽأ˭ûҲģ
Ŀһ˿ŭ˼Ƭ̣̤룬ȻƵķ䣺Ҫβܸһˣֻһˣңӣ
СޣһǾ仰ҲūǷҵūҲҵӣҵۣҵͶȡӦı꣬˽ƷڴϣһЩƵĻصβһѩѣǾͿ̬ˣ
ţһӷۣһʲô˲𣿱Сǿ㻻ģΪСҲѩѣСʱԸȥ
˵ɣתȥ
һԣĵˣСͷƬ˵˵ʣ帮ĵλһ͡
תһ룬ȴ¶Цݣ˸߰ŮȻҹҪ̳飬ǰЩҹû̵̹ͷǺεȵ񣿷Ů޵Ը񣬾ԲԵŵģǼʵûа취ˡȻã
ŮĽŲѾŲƵżƺȻһ
ͥż纮
ɫӳ
軨Ӱ
СС
帮ɫȴ죬ӰqqС¥ıգȻݸ߹󣬵Ҳ¶̾ɱ


112 һϰ
һ仰̿ȥĽŲȴȻͣգûжĹ෴Ҫ쿴д֣Ƶһʫȫȫ˵
֮ǰȻоµȴҲ޷ԼɵãתһЩɻĶƣþδ
СʮѩѣһҲҪģ͵͸λڼҵС˰ɣ˵꣬ҡͷ̬̾дű˫ֵȥʮѩѣʡŵãҲˣ
ԥˣûˣ˵ˣжûˣȻҲûʲôѡ
ǹԥǴʱȻûȥӣΪΣԼ
֪Ʋֻѩѣ꣬Ǽ٣վһЩأô׽ܵġ
ȻȴҲܸоôĽˣܲһֿǷ˵ĸоҲǸ߹޷顣
ԥƬּ̣˸еı飬ʵڼСôˣ
ڼСʮ¥ʮͷʮ󣬼˺˶ѾӣһСգ塢ҲݣˣҪڼСǿˣȻûʲôѣȴмˣҲδ˲ǣ
ţƺ뵽̶뵽ԼղҲһ¥𣬼ʹѾ飬Ѿֲ˵ﻰĸǺԼ
ٽղ˵뵽ԼҹһС¥¿꣬кȻˮ
ֻǸ߰ȴ۾ûգһ£ˮӣһ֣һδеѩ̹ס˴Ԫ䣬һССۣǵıСߣţԺÿ
Աϣ̤ȥҹĻ֮µĲӰ
ƼʧȴһЦаٺ٣ҶС㻹㣬ҲϣⷬǸ߰ľѣʱҲͲҹ߶ֱйµˣʹѾǣҲ˵˵ﻰѲǣ
Ϸţû˯ȶʼޡ
糿Ŵ򿪣ƴһһ۵ķΣշָ鷿ȥ
鷿һԴĴżϵȵΣǰŸյҰ׳۵ķѾ
磡ƶƺʮֱŤֲò˵
ҪĶ࣬Ƶ˵ͷ·ȷʵˣȥ׼īֽɣ
Ŷ
ӦһһǱīֽŵĵطǰϲװ磬Ҳ˽һЩŴķı֮Ķʱ鵽Ҳ˳֡
ѧʦȺѧһ䡣
һɣΪµЩѧãǷңӦúúĹأɻ˵ҪأϷȻΪֻǸˣ±㲻᲻ɣ
Ŷ⻰һ뵽СҲһСͱ˼ܺõֻһжܸģҲֻҪл͵ߵȼˡ
һᣬ½½мкŮŮʹʮ˾꣬Сʮ꣬СƾȻʶȻҹҪѩѵС
յСֻǽյȴǰ߹ˣɫװȹչɵĵɫһɫɴ΢һȥĸо˿īɫ㷢Ʈɢ䣬ϸӮԵóˡ
Ůûκλױĺۼȴǰ覣ļϸۻ֮۶ôϸۿҲҲһë׺ͺë촽ʪʪ󣬺ƱˮһĽۡ
ͨ˼ҵСƻͻ̲סȥϼڣʵ̫ڿɰرǹĹĵѩǴһ㡣
崿ƮݿɰӦóڷ
ȿȣƾȻһֱԼİͽ
ŻȻаСҪǳˣǻ˵ã
ȴһ˿ǰţˣȴζ
ƸϽķıǰĳϡ
ѧϰ黭Ʋ軨ҰеĻգֻǽյĻȴīϹأѧϰУʹκεľԼˣֻˣǵĻպУŴкô
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óϼһȷʵб£Դ̣ԼҲֻˣεҲһ̣ʹǷ̣ƺҲһЩĲɡ
үû£һŮҲǳȴһֱڰŪͷ
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գϼҵԻ治һ㣬ҪҵĻˤӸǹˣ
Ƴ̾һν۲ĲĿ⿴˺һźɻˮٸһ˿ͱΪҲ֪Щ˵ʲô壬ֻܸЩʲô
ǷȴĽĿŲƵϣȻֻĲӰȴҲССһ£Ȼŵֻ۷ΣȴǳӢ˰ͦ޳ģСɫĽɫüͦıȴĴƺһִеϢƺһֱ˵˸С
ô˲棿ãջĿ⣬ɣľͻһﻭֻȴǲ棬˴˿̵ơ
Ȼ֮󣬷ŲףһһʧޣԪУҿ˿ֲû˭עԼĳһ


113 Ҫ
ãŻָҪΪһ˻ԼҲһϷ˼Ը𣿻žΪܣԼ֮ԻϽģȫΪԼûһǿӲĺ̨֧ЩС㣬ȴǿĺܣԼҲһˡ
ָЦݣƿʼĽ⣬ι±ʡ컭е⾳
һѧϰ˲ٶ
ĹӸǣһҲϰΣ컹Сʱʱһҷ׷ȥǷ̰Сţ˵ܼңҴ໭λΪĥͿˣ
̹滹ڵͷ΢΢˵ͷ˵䣬úõ̺С㣡
ŶӦһ
ܿȥ̵ǰװģĿʼΪĥ
ֻȴȻ¹ʣǼ򵥵³֣ѩѣ
ɶƲһԭѾͷ²߲ѧϰԼҪѩѳ顣
ҹǸոոʮ𣿡
ˣüС³֡
ԥƬ̣Ҳȡѩѣһݸ̣ԼȴҲȼһ
̼Լǰ˲΢һЩ죬ȴû˵ʲôȼһڣ˫ȴҲŴ˼
˭Ҳûк˭˵·Ʒ̵ζ
̷ֱѩѾ˴֮󣬲ſ˵ٸһЩѩѣҲ߱кܶѩ̣
գգۣʲô˼
ҪǱ˶֪кܶѩ̣һĴԪܵģҽҲϲģȻһЩҲ˼죬Ҫҽ֪ﻹѩѣһôˣЩвζ
գһݣʶ㣬˭ѲɾǸʮ˵ķ
ǱʵС㣬˭
̴ͣȻʮֳԾת˲ָ䣺㲻֪ҽ㣿
˭֪ô֪㣿ҪǸղǶС㣬ôƺ㶼ƺơ
ߣ̽ݶŭɫˣԲ°΢΢һ̧Ǹ߰һҽǷҴСҽз̣
̣ôֳôƯΪʲô˶֪أƺɻ
ΪҴûгţȻ֪С㣡λߵĿص
˴ԣ̬ȴΪ̸оʮûгʲô˼ʵΪʲôȥߣô棡
̸̬߰ʱ¶ЩˣŭһۣʲôģҸòųȥҪĶڼȱ
ûʣԺԶĽ˿ȸɣ˵ʲôȱѩôûУ죬ȻҹԴ󣬰ưҡͷ
㣿Ҫ˵ϻѩѣҾͶ㲻ˣ̷·˵ʹüһȻŭ
ƺ⣺ҿСǰɣʲôʱҿˣһ־ѩѣ
˵ѧŷ̵Ķ֣Ҫ𣿻Уı飬ͲЦЦ㳤ôƯ֪֪ЦЦԺ󳤴ˣҿʲôʮ˶Ȳ㣡
̼ƲԼȻŭݣָޱ֮ɫʲôСĵҵͻ˵ʮʲôãһѩ̣
˵ţаરળ
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117 û
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ƵɶȥһӣȻأֻɤӷһѪ
ڵϣЦһʹɱңҲһô˵ҿ㣬۶磬ΪҿʱŪѩѣȴûУΪʲôΪûѣѩѲֻѩѣǸ飬鵽Ĳֻ̣Ǹ飡أʹŪѩѣҲֻǼį


118 ͺ
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֮վ˷̵ǰ֮ҲᾭֵܳģѧϰԷŵ㣬ָ֤Էȱ㣬Ұ㵱ѣղŲŻ˵ģȻܴһֶˣҩڲһ׸裬͸ģҲϣᶮңϣΪѣΪܳΪѣҲҵĽ
̧ͷʵĶƣܷŭǵǷŭѾʧ᲻ƻеĺ壬׸ǻίʹȻ޷ԭƸղŵķ̣ơ
ٿޣСèˣʵҲкܶŵ㣬ΪһǳʵˣҲ£ֻ鶼ģҲûнѵĻᣬҴˣǸ
ߣ˦Ŀ⣬ί֮
ǲǺ֪ʲô飿Ǿǵ󲿷˶ڹעɵø߲ʱֻٲ˹ɵ۲ۣ飬𣿡
գôɵĿʵģ
ûֱӻش𣺡ٸҳһ׸֪ˣ
˫ַỵ̂˰ϣԣҲѹࣺ׸True Friend
ʲô
True FriendҲѵ˼ϼǱߵһԣӦò̫һҽ㣡
˵Ҳʼ
We sign our card sand letters

ȻȴѾˣֱͣãųճյʵԸҽʲô˼𣿡
ţںؿдԶĺ
аʹҿ


֪ҲΪ֪


㲻뿪ֱ
ԶǷ
ҽ̸ֱǶ

±ǨѶͬʹ

ԭѣ벻ѣ
Ȼ룡
ܸܲңϼģΪʲôҶ½޴½ĹżҲԣ𣿡
ϼҰڷǳǳңԶĵط˵ţĿҲմգ·ֵǸǧѵһҹ
꣬еˮѾûˣתתҲ¶һĨЦ⣬ܿװſʵѵزȥˣԺ׼٣ؼң
ǺǣزȥġƿЦһҲԵ÷ǳĲ԰ǰ²ϵԺлطţĵ׵Ĺ硭
Ϊʲôأǻɵģ½зɲĵطһ겻Уʮǧ꣬ѵҲ𣿡
һҲɲ˵ȴȻһջĿ⣬Ŀ˷̡
̵ĸ߰Ѿû˿ȡ֮ȴʮЦ⣬˫г˿ɰ״Ҿ֪㲻䣬صĵܵܣʹǣҲǺϹϵģ㲻ҪӴģҲ˵ȥΪ㱣ܣΪĿεġѣ
ŶѾͷԭװȻһǲǣҴ򣡡̧ŷƨƨϷĴһ¡
̱͵Ϯʹϱָָ̧ƣң
٣ҾʹҾʹ˭ҵĻģץס̵ֱۣһֻĴһ¡
̾С죺ղŻڳ֪ҲΪ֪ܣ㶼ûаҵѣ
ٸһ飬ʹ֮䣬ҲҪһ˽ģͺ಻֪һ𣿡
ðɣԭˣԺҡǡһ졣
ҲԼһЩˣȻСһЩĺѾҲˣΪΣǴ󷽵˵ãⲻǺ𣿺ðɣԺӦǣ
Ƴһۣܸܲ˵˵飿ģ˵ģ鷿ղѾҲ˻󣡡
ףСѾͷȻ˸ֶΣҶ֪ƿ佱̲˵ѣŴ󵨵Ҽ簡ﲻһû켶֣ҶǷˣҲܶݣ
ô½ĵط㣿ǹԪ½İɣ˵Ԫ½౻ȦԵʱͳԣÿģѾȫſҲḻ࣬ɻ
ȹԶ·ԶʲôطҲ֪ȻСȴҲǿϲǿԿ˻ܵأѽеԵ绰۾ԶǶԿԷӰʱص˵ÿһӣҪѧ顭
Ƶһνǰ飬ˡ
֪ΪʲôһӦεˣȴʹޱȵθС
ôأѾȫƵĻ
ҡҡͷҲ֪һôѧҵϾҪ뿪ˣʹϲŮףԼһҹǣƣϵĴңԶ̫շɹǳֻϧĻû˵
ǣʲô
ǺǣСһҲ˵Ǿ޴ʯͷ
ŶϼһأȥأˣϲǸŮأ
ҲȥΪߣֻ߳ˣ޷Ҳȥ˼ҵļ硢ҵˡԼҰŮŮѾ˰ɣôҲͨˣϣܹıҸ



119 ֮
˲֪䣬Ȼ鷿һ죬ȶ˶оĵĲʱ򣬲ŷԭѾ
ڿ˯þˣ䣬ģ˵صϼңһᾡȫ㣬ҲģҼʹҲὫܸˣҪңָֻ֮ɫ
ȴ̧ͷ㷢ɵѾͷҲ㣬Ͳ˵ˣҲΨһ֪ܵˣ
ƺϰ߱ͷæ̧С֣Ƶĸ첲һ£ҵͷ
ȴѾޱȵҸоһҪκʻҪЦݡ
Ц֮󣬷̸ֶлָ˶Сƽյ̬˵ˣ͵Ժҷÿ춼Ҫ죬ٸһ飬ʲôʱԲֵΪʹﵽ弶ľˣ
֣ŷ鷿ȥ
øˣɣ̰˰С֣̤
ȴĥŷ̵ĻٺһЦ˫ֽӡʹ䣬ǱƵӻָԭ
뿪鷿ûгٵķԼסʼշ˵γ߸ңʹȻԪԶɡ
ָḧϣ׾ٵıҪʹң޷
ΪڵĻֻܿγ٣ٷѾˣԪӤڴˣħٴΣƷ
ּϼֻһγɵЧȴҪġ
ǰʮҾȻһһһ֮еƣǰźһ㣬
˫ḧңһˮơɾѾ˳ȥ
ʹõƣľҲȽԶһɢȥ
ʱŻʱ滺ˣƵ뾳ܣ·𶴲ӵߵ˼룬һֻǴݳݳĻ棺ˮӳ̲嫣ɽȴģѾƮ㡣
سУѿƶǰ޾˼㽡
ûпԵĲԣɣ帮
޲иǸ̾ɻǺࣿ¾Ȼд˵˰˱
ֻǵĻȻܴģе⾳еˣΪҪδʱյˣȻ̫İԹ
ûоʹǷȴҲ޷ӵ⾳޷˴
Ҳ帮Ϊ̾ԭ
һ¥ڳѩѵķ̣֮ƿĴסڵķ΢΢۾ܡ
һȴС죺ߣ֪һǸƣȻһֱûгϣǳ˭вţУһ˶֪ĲˣһҶô죿
뵽̵κȻһһ㣬ɳ˴⣬Ƭ֮䣬ƵſڣƵĵڶոտʼ࣬˶Ͷ֮ʱ˫ӡٵס沼һ󷨣˫ָ󣬷·ŮվƵſڣ΢΢˫ֻһ˲ӡ
ѾʼˣȴȻֹǺãץ׷߳ţ
ȵľȻǷ飬ϼһ帮һѧƵȴ̾ܲ
ֻǵַ̾ȻվƵſ֮ˣС㣬㣿ô
꣡۾ûһƣְ˰֡
ȴסˣΪʲô˼ˣһС㲻ñӣԼռˡ
ݰмΪܣȴֲҷԣѰ˼Ŵ´ƵԼ
ܿ죬ֽӶ˼ˣҶŮͣзŮҲˣʣһЩͨɵˣ׷׶Զ
ȴ⣬ɱ۾
̣ǸʲôΪʲô˵ſվţ̤˷̵ǰ
㣬ϣ㲻ҪңҲҪ浯֮ˣ
û۾ǴмֵĲͷбһụ̆ҪӣΪλҪ󷨣
ѽãҲҶƮƮҲǰ
ҵūͣģҲ뱻˴ţ㣬Ҳǵ飬ѵҪӶ𣿡˫°֮ϡ
ūͣ˵üͷһء
ǵģ㣬
Υйأ
Ҫ㵣ǣȻǽͣңҿԱ֤һԴﵽ弶ʦϵļ𣡡
üȴþò
ҵūͣȨ˭ֻԼһ뿪ɣѾ׼
ãǺοأҶǺ̵ķӦö֮ĹϵԱû뿪Ŀڷ̺ͷɨš
Ƭ̣ȴҶЦҶ㣬ǻǻȥɣôСƢ㲻Ҫ⣬ӾˣٺúõĽѵѵ
ҶһЦҲˣ
Ůתȥ
ٴα˫
һʮҲǰеʮҲ֮ʧƮȻȥ·ûгֹһ㡣
Ҳ֪飬ֻо֮ԼƿعȻ˲٣̵˯ˡ


120 
һƶ鷿ȴסˣΪȻſصⲽƺʲô¡
ֻδƿڣ̤˵䣬㵯ӽʲô֣
ӣŶָһףƷʵ
յ˼Ȥ
ʮף
ʮףɫһϲܲٸҵһ飿
ΪʲôӲ˵͵ģҪľӦ֪İɣûľεеӣ
ľ΢˵ͷȴҲʧ˲ֲЦݣ䰡㿴ԺأʲôĲģңʲôҪģҲԸ˵˵ģֻҪܰﵽģһ߾ȫ
ףϼұˣҪôһҹ֮תô󣿲ҪѩѰɣƳƬ̣ǵһѩѣһ
ĶҿɲҪǶСģµķ鰮Ķ࣬ķҲܶ࣬ѩѶջȻУȴǺǿҡ
ȻֲǺǿңҲֻ帮صĺ£ԶСĺ¡
һҹ֮䣬ǶС˽ū͵飬Ѿ帮Ҳ˵ƵĶڶСģƵѩѣڴӶСҪûеõС֮£ҲҴκεĶ
ȴ֪飬ЦС׼ĻУТģ˵ˣСҲᷴԵģ
СĲԣ
ƼˣҲ³¶Сѵ⣬æ˵ͷҸѩѣС㲻Ƕûз𣿡
ǺǣǺãӹѩѣȴûҳ飬ֱԪ䡣
Ҳûг飬һҹӣλѧԱѾ½ˡ
շûڿ֮ǰȴȽƴؿһ٣ٳҹĵһΪƲһûܾס
ֻǣȴҲע⵽һ飬λӸһŮڿԼʱѾȻͬյǣ˵۶ῴԼȴǶԼ´
Щ˵֮£һֱ˵ĸоܲӦ
֮󣬷鿪ʼڴգȽ֮󣬷鿪˵սǵıǵĿʱգչ֮ԺϿΣԣվͺúõ׼еĳʧ
ͬʱ鹪һ񣺡ˣ
̹Ȼ֮Ϊ֪һȥ֮󣬱ٴμҲٽԼˣԼҪƺС
˷׷ȥ鷿֪Ȥǰ
ƿ˿̣͵ʮѩѡ
֮ǵĿ˿ƣΪѵ˵䣬Ѿ˵ˣҵūͣ
ʲôɫ䣬´ֲĵûɨ裬ǵС޲֮£ԼʲôԼ
ŵģƭǵģǰҪˣ
ŶģԺҼ֮󣬾ֱӳƺӾˣϷ˭ᰡСľǣе֮Ȼ׶СĿġ
Сüôңҵˣѵ𣿡
ãС㣬㵱ˣҲʧȥңԸ𣿡
ջĿ⣬룺һǾ㵱ŮұȽϷģĻ˾ˣ

ƲһС椻ǸţǼˣֻý͵ܵĸ飬ĸ飬ʹõˣҲֻ׸
̳˼Ƭ̣ڵ˵ͷһܽ͸¶ȥһᱻģңҲᱻȥΪԶ
ôأ˵٩֮ġ
صĵ˵ͷֵݸһŴѶ飺һ̴Ѷ帮ڲʹõģպãһʲô飬ҲʱѶ⣬һҪ¸ٷ
ü˵ͷΪó̲ǶԼк
̵õƵϿɣ˫ֽӡ˸ٷ֮󣬵Ϊʾ֮ĹƽҲҵһٷɣģǲĨȥģ
ҲԸַƳԾС
̵˵ͷ
һƵûоܾæڷ̵ھ˸ٷ
ڣΨһ©ǣ峤Ϊ֤֮Ĺϵ㴫ϢȴûмʱʹôѶ飬޷ʹôѶ飬ǾͲ֪ܵˣü
ôϸɣ
ҽһῼǵģڤ˼롣
㲻ûʲôȫ֮ߣһߵľɣƼΪյʵ
쵯ôˣһƣѹúܵͣҲ㱻𣿡
ˣСӵ˼ֺö취ץֻò׷Ҳ˼Ųȵķ
ȻͷһϲȡϵһֻٻԼռ䣬˫ֽӡֽٻ˳
ţֻ̿Ĵָϣɻ
ҵһֻħޣҽ͸㣬ĻͿԽغãʲô飬ֱ깵ͨҵǿϵģһ֮һԼĹϵˣ󷨶ն֮ϵ
ССϣ˫ԭħ޻ôСĽ͸𣿡
ţкüֻأ
кü̷ֻ·𿴵һĿƣ㣿񼶵ħ飿
ʲô񼶵ħ鰡ҺǵĸԼϵǵĸԼռǣҾ֮һϵֻϵȴƽȵģ˵׼ȷһ໥Ҳҵūͣ


121 
ԭֻҾˣҪȫж֣
˵۱Ϸǲģˣǿʲô
ͳǣһЩйصĿǿˣԱ۲֮ͨ󣬱СͿԲϿˡ
ǲʱԳȥ
̵˵ͷ
ʲôˣȤĶŷ̡
߼̺ǿյྫµüͷ
ţ߼һڿˮĵС椻ǿ㹻ưʱʱӣһǶԼܲ⡣
ҽǾżԣҪŬܸ
żǰ˼𣿡
˼ȥ飬żˣ
󣿡
һһʮ꣡
ԭһٶ˰ˣ
ʮ壡
ⲻˣ㲻ðյģ֮϶Դﵽż˱ˣҶʮˣļʦʮ߼Ȼ⣬ǸСε̾Ϣҡͷ
̧ۿƣĿƺ˵ܺͱС
˫ֵָŤ̤ȥɫָһĸ߹̬
ǽֻȴ˰ģǺһģһġ
סڳ֮⣬Բκ˵Ļκε飬Ѷң˵ɣ̤ȥ
ڲڷֱƷסŲڷﲼһ;ʹңʼǰе
;żһѩѻ⾫ƣ㣬ҹ
Ȼһϯ޽ǵĳڸٵֹͣɨ䣺ʲôˣ
ģûж⣬ֻҪȻǱѰֲСѾͷأ
һֵͬһòŮӣȫϸҶǺˣͺ֦һ㣬ͦиһ⣬ϸԼˡ
Ƶһۣʲô
Ϊ㣿ڿ¶ˣưƣ治֪۸ʲôѲΪ󣿡˵ţҶҡҡͷӦòǣΪԼѾӵ˾żʵ͵գѲΪǶС㣿۹⻹ǲһ㣬ȻͲ󣬿ֻҪٹ꣬ؽΪԽʮˡ
ˣȴһЦлӵ۹ϬԣҲԷģǲȤģԺǲҪڰҹܵĺãһȥǻҪԹ︺ǡ
Ʊ٩ȥȴоһ֪ʱһѾԼĲϣҶԲظϣСͨ죬˫Ķƣ㣿˵һ֣ҾͷأǱǷһΪ𣡡
ƿԣС椸뺷̱뺷ֻϣද֣˼ֱý
Ҷ¶ηɫ¶Цݣ˵˵ô˵ˣ
ֱۣҷyou˰ɣ
youʲô˼
˼
帮ĿģǿԺҶʵ
㲻˵ĿľΪ˶С㣡
˵˶Сūͣƭ˱ˣȴƭңıºԸ񣬾ԲܵģѵͲ£ҶгѾʧ
յƷſˣվֱ壬ȤĿҶ£ʲô
Ͳ±帮֪ꣿ
ҾͲôˣңô֪ûСūͣ˵˵ĿİɣôãѵͲ˵һ㣬ҶûȤԣҲзǷ֮룡
㣿ҶٴܵԼòżŵģһ˵һʧأµˣҲԲзǷ֮ģ
˵꣬Ҷ͵Ц֪ƵĹˣãü˵ƹҺҲҷ㣡
գûش𣬶ǵһѩѣԵȼ
ҶưરȦµӣüĿ𣺡ôԸ⣿Ǻãھ帮峤淢ʵݣ
ţ˵˵ĿİɣɢڴϣҶ
ҶһЦҵõƹ
ʲôô
ĺôǶС𣿴ҰǣңҲ淢ʵݣѾڰˣ
ڤҪõƹǻ򵥣е񼶸ֱӽƹļżɱˣǸΪֱӣ
Ϊ񼶸˵־ͳˣ
ʹ񼶸ֲм֣ڤ񸮵ʵԼĹıҪõƹӦҲѰɣα˳֣
򵥣ķƹսҾĹһ帮϶Ҳ֣Ҫ˼գ帮ͻȥƹҲӦ֪ƹķԴأ帮ǲܷƹֵ֧ģ
ûв´ĻӦҲǵ˰ɣڹƻ޾ƹƹĻңң帮رעȴ԰аڣ֣ͨɹ壬ϢĽӹƹɣڤ񸮣һ׹ʱƹѾĹһˣֻмȴһǾƣҲԣ
ļ룬ȷʵһҶˡ
ǲֻͼıƹͼıɹΪ׵һˣɹԼرǿƸصĽʱգϢĶȡɣһǾĹĹƵ˿ٿҰĲСЦЦ
Ҷɫȴһ䣬벻ƾȻµ͸֪˾Ĺڿɹ飡


122 
ƽ˵ֻҵĳ֣ԭĲҪңǵǵ֪Ҳһż֣ңҵ߻һλżֵʱ򣬾͸ıԭļƻӶԿתΪԲԣ
ҶδĶơ
ԣղ˵帮ҷҵʵҲֻһֿţвңΪôҲûκεĺôĶ帮ʲôͼҲҪģΪ帮ǶȡƹҪˣ
һֻ̣³ĿҶţ˫ûκε
Ҷ֮󣬾þδ
ȻЦ·ʮֿĵ˵˼˼ˣû뵽ƾȻ͸֪ҵĿģΣ
ǰֻһССܺЩ񸮵ȣѽһԸǿԶȢһЩƯţңڵĶգ
뷨ϾڻСʮ֮ͻˣȻԸҵ԰ʵ֣ҪòŮˣ
ɣң
ȻҰ֮ҲҪң
ãҴӦ㣬ﲻô죿
ﲻ㣿ЦȱٵľŮˣҶһ̷·һλߡ
Ƶ˵ͷǺðɣҾΪѵĴӦˣ
ţҶһ㲻š
ôַˣ˵ðҪϵŵŮ˿ɲһ㣡
Сɣ
㣬֪ԸԸ⣿ֻҪԸ⣬ҾͰõƹɹɫûЦݣǳء
㣿Ҷ뵽ƻ˵ԼƵȦס
ŭٴ˵ûиᣬģֻҪ޸ңҾͻ׵ĵõǽףòûѵͣҪ۵ģͬⲻͬ⣬Լ
룬ƾʲô㣿
һԣ֪ţŮѾڶµĳԣɥʧ˸ķߣ˵㵱ȻԲң˵ҵõң͸֮󣬵ʱڼ޸Ҳ٣
㣿Ҷ̬ϰ£һЩŪˣֻǿЦΪʲôҪԼעǿЦƸղŻ˵Լûа뷨⻰ʲô˼
ѵУĲһŮˣҶа
ϣѾˡ
֪𲻴ӦеѩѾʣ޼ĳһȴ޶ԣҶղͱ˵ѹɲô׳ܡ
ƾʲô˵ԼаյõɹƹҶҽֲ³ȴתƵĻ
˵ϣʲôҺѵõģǾŮˡ£ֿɵã㲻ҵ뷨ǲǶȣ£ͺָһܲײ˸аΪԵõģڱ˵ȴף෴Ϊѵõģ㿴ӦǺܼ򵥵飡
ѣΪĻҪʲôҪŮûУҶʡ
Ů˾ûУ
㣿֪ΪΣҶͷȻһ֪ǿЦȴеСģΪ֤ղ˵ԼûȤĻʱٵģ֤ԼǺġ
ĸŮ˲ϣõ˵
ܿ죬ͻָǣһҵʲôˣƷ¶˵ֻϷһѵҲҵϷһ
Ը⣬ȻᵱϷһģ෴棬㲻Ը⣡ƵĿ棬ȴһᡣ
ĿҶ˵ȴʮֵĳأص޷нӡ
ڣҶǰƶĸϮָȻ΢ЦߣûһöΪÿһŮ˶ôƭ𣿡
ϣƭ㣬ϣ棿¶һ˿΢ЦֱҶıġ
㣿Ҷ޻˵ˣΪ仰޷ش벻ǣվܡ
һսĻҶѾˡ
һս浶ʵǹΪ֮Уʤ
Ƭ̣ҶֻԼĲУлصԭİŮ˵Ϸ֪ûİһˣ֪µ壿֪ʲô氮ûУһҲ̫ڱˣ
˵䣬Ҳһѩѣȼ
һϷһΣѵʲôףҲãҲգһβֵƳһѩѵ
һϷһΣҶ˼
޷Ҵˣ磬ǾʹЪϢɣ֪ܵϴ֮죬ʾҶҲȥ
㣿޳֮ͽҪõ㻹Ǹʸ񣡡Ҷ߳ŭƶȻţѾ
ԹԣС˵ͱ䣡ͷƣѪӿɫͨ졣
Ҳһĵˣ£˵ñõģǲǴһʼñ￪̣ҶֱʱڷӦ˹
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ףҶͷ㵣ΪԪ̽鲻ơ
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ʶ֪һƣ뽫侳ɱƵȴȻĶ𣺡Ҫ帮˶֪ɱҰɣýСҲˣ
ҶֻоǼ飬ټҲĶᱻ帮֪òƣȻʧӰ
Ǹо˵Ļ³һ֮󣬱㽫ǾӨĶڿС


123 ĸо
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ΪҪǣƵ˫ֻŰ֬˫۽رŻУȻ·Ҷ·ǺܱģϺõ˿Ửϸ֮ļһ
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124 
۴帮峤ʹǰĳϾУƵʱѾΪˣѾߡۡŮͣ£İˣһƽ׵ƽ̨һŰڷʮſӣӦǸڼЩݵ׼ġ
ڴ˵ͬʱҲͬڴƣƿóЩȻԼܺ棬ȴֲǰ𻰣ɹУ峤ǰѾ½˲Żװˡ
Ϊ׵ģҲ峤ɽ濴ֻʮңϽۣϣһŰɫɴŮӣ⻹һźɫɴŮӣҲ֡
ܿѾһЩ˷˵쿴ǸɫɴģǴС

üͷ壬Ϊͷ֮Ȼûм棬˫Ѿ˽٣ʱڶԷɴ棬ҲԷûпԼǺεȱ飬ȴܴӶԷϸܵһɱ䡣
رעǷԵǸϺۣźɴŮӣŮӵ²ŮӦþҶҶ¶һ˫˵Ŀ֮ԿԿɱ
ԷַӦƺ⣬ܿ콫ĿŲƵ򣬶Сȴûг֣ͷһϿεĹȴڿߵλá
ʱɽվ˫̧·ҵʧˣֻɽ˵ʦΪһңҲͬһڣԣҲһͥۺŮͱ䣬ǰԽҿԳΪڼҺ󱸻Ѿߣܼع򣡡
鲢ûλǰ̨ϣ˽һ˵֮󣬱㿪ʼ˱ԼԴ˫
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󷨳ȥƱȫ㣬С̵ͣ˵еۣ帮УȴޱĽְλΪһǿ֧㣡


125 ˾
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رһЩŮͣǳֵķӳŮԵĸ硢ۡͶͱ
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126 
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ӡʯʱ͸оܵĿռһͣ·ǧˮȫѹ


127 Сս˧
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ٴγֵʱѾǧ֮ˣĿŷˣǸҲҸһ
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ɡԽԽԵ³˰ɡͨ˸̶ٴηɢ󡭡
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һ̣һԵӳˣ֮УһǿҵĴĿĽϢնȥ
ڼˣɫ󺧣ֻܽǹͷ


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ҲڵùķѾѪ֮Ѿ˺ˣûмµǺѻָˡ
һλżǿ˫˫ȥɹľҲųȥˡ
ҲһЩ˷̵ǰС㣬ܴܲѶСٷأƼΪѲҾͨ󷨣һζ׷ҵĴСΣգ
̿˿ƺͷʧķ򣬵ȴڴƵı𣬵Ҵôˣ
һ˿϶⣬ֻεĻصӦò
õ˿϶ش˵ǰ赣ģҽбķ
ȻˣǶСȥ·ǳϢȴСĵ
һա
׷ƵķҲ֪Լʲôаһֱ׷ᣬֱһƬɽһʧֹͣ׷
ƣҳҪزأܿȴȻ̽ʮ֮
С㣬ôææ׷ң׸ʲôҲһŮõԼòǲ⿪ɴҿĳƯǸǣ
Ҫҵĳࣿ㻹ûǸʸ񣬱ΪԻסң
ǾͿԣƴЦһ
⼸ʯͷ۵ѾˣһΣȻȫ׳һ޷
ÿһԻһֻޣǰ˵У󷨿ܽģ˵һŮˡ
ɱħޡ
֮еķϵĴħ޵˻ּ䣬ɼһͷͷӴħӰɱ⣬ϵĳĻǡ
𣡡һֻǵħޣ˹ȥ
һɢֱӾʹǿвħǱնΪ룬һ׵һˣʧ֮С
ţħǳ
˫ᷨӡһɵĴȺȺ֮Ⱥϸź˿иƬȴûѪҺȴסٷأץУͬ
ƣҿжȻˣȴεضɫĹҲУ˳·ɢ
һΣûٴ󷨵ıأÿһڴʱ򣬶ܵǿͼѹ紩ڸ֮С
𣡡
һ޺һͷߴɵħԳ֣˫ץסһ֣ڲȥ


128 ͨ
һ׳ȣ˫ֽӡٺһħޣ
ֻеᣬγһֻħԳľԳħޣ״ħԳһģһֻɫȴɫǷצ˸ɫĺ⣬Եúޱȡ
һŭ壬ŪħԳײһ𣬾Ȼֱӽײ顣
𣡡
ħŭ𣬷̤ϣ·Ůūһ㡣
ޣ󷨱ԵͷһΪ䷨ǵһӴƣǿǣ޴ѹһϢĸо
Ҳܿƺǽķŵ޵ġ
ƣ̫СżʦˣȻ޷ٻޣҪԸ㣬Ѿ㹻ˣǾ޴ħԳȻһݣһӰͼƵĴ
ȴҲЦһҪΪٻżޣӳ޷󣡡
𡭡
ɫħԳ߿գȴûӭͷȻ޴ħޣлбܡ
ǰǰ󣬶ֻ֮࣬ǵأħΧɱȥңһεħҲҪ߳࣬ȫҡ
𣡡
ħԳħ޳ײ˫Ļн֮壬£Ҳڲϵɢһƣһ㣬ոߵ֮ʬҰħ޲ɢ
γɵħޣȴҲֹ˷룬ҪǷ֮Ҳֲ巽ǵأѾֲˡ
ǬתػŶݼ׵һֻ֣ðˡ
޳ߵ߼ûɣһʮֻÿһֻıֶϰֻȼϵ͵ħ޸档
һӴħ޾šʹԳǧֻħ޵ĳֱ֮УʱһãҲֻм֮ûл֮
رȺӳ֮ʹħ޴ɢȴҲûʱȡ᷵ĵص㣬»ûħޡ
һħ޵޾ģֱÿһ̵еΪֹ
ʱѾ㺹죬ҲһȺħٴγϣ˺ҧĴ֮޺Ȼȥһɢգ󻯳ȡ
ѽһæ˫ֽӡγһػĽ硣ֻɫ԰ף½Ѿ˼֮ϣ¶ߣ˫ȴԽ䡣
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ҪͶ㻹ʸͨѽȻһӣ裬Ķ֮УȻէֳһɫĳߣ·ƿնȻƵĴֱ˷ڡ
ʱķͷ·شһɫ׵һ費ϣһϸĵʺӴƺڲϵӿ롣
ƣʹϵɴҲ֮Ʈ䣬󻯳˷ĩ¶Ǿգϸ֬֡
ҫ֮£Ů·һ㡣
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ƵĴֱӺ飬νǬתǬػأ
ŮˣһһƶСɫ绡ǰȻը٣ؿݣڵһ㣬䡣
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޷֧飬ʯһ㣬գ𻨡ըɵƣһĻȻסˣ·صǰһҹҲͬ龰ͷϻƺǿٻս裬ͷ̻ȴĵƺһӢ۵Ļع顭
ʱ򣬷𣬵һοǶʿʱ򣬲ųһɫ԰׵Ѿҡҡ׹ˡ
ͨ񣬿ɲôʹģֻһż׵ʦǾż۷塣
帮֮һͨķʹż۷ʹҲһЩӰ죬ޣҪ˵ĺſٻ
յҲ˷ƣֻĿ˵ƽգΪ޴ĳɢһſֻԽԽԶҲԽԽѾ׹ˡ
ֱӽƻɱȴҲѾˣΪڵѾܽɱΨп롣
ֻǣҹ֮УһҹһĺӰȻͻأݳһѾǾƣܵΣһݣ˼ľ͵ƼǰҲܵĶ
ˣ
һļͷʹóȴּˣһ̣ӰһεնյĴӷʺһͽͷն䡣
Ǻˣһ
ӭǱĳûκεĹûκεϢֻǼ򵥵ȴޱȵĳɱ
ˣ
һӷƤӰһζٴ۷ֱƷĺġ
ͷ·һ飬ӰӶϢһӷ󱳴룬ڳûʱȴȻֹͣˡ
ΪƺȻ˷һס˳ĽѪƻ䣬δһӰ棬齣ˣʧڰҹС
ͬʱǰȴȻִƿ죬ֱƷࡣһײһɫСƵֵһ
ԭڸղųֵʱ򣬾ѾǰһķΪ󽫾Ǿż֣Ѿֻһˡ


129 Ķ
Էһٴʧ֣һ˺ڰ֮Уֻ˫ͷųıɱƿˣһ񺮣ŪӰΪʲôҪҪɱ
ԭûз̵ĻƯƾͻȥϧ
ܣƴһӣɢȫջأ̤θŲƶȥ֮û˺ڰ֮С
ȴһʱסˣղżǻ֮ȴΪʲôҪԼ
ѵһʼͲɱԼü
ĻҲƴʹͨķˣʹȷͲԺ˶ûл֮
ɻ󣬷Ѿȥ룬æ׹գʼ޸崴ˡ
׷źӰƣҲͬɻƺһֱڵȴһ̣ץסʱҲǳ׼ȷöܾ˵ʱֱӻɱɶԷǲҪ޻Լ
Ҳ׷ԭ
Ӱ˵ٶȺܿ죬ƵٶͬգǧӲ˭Ҳû׷˭һֱǧҡ
̲סˣʮ븹ֱ֮ȼ磬һ£ŲƵ˺Ӱʮ׵λãٺһ㵽˭
Ӱһֱ֮УһɫţоƺȻȻһīĳֱʺ
Ƹûжڳִʺʱһֻȴץס˽ײ
ȴûղǰƵƣӰջسѾˣ޹֮󣬺Ȼͷųһɷ֮ɫƽ˶ɵĶߣƵ־͸ˡ
ûκεãƽˣţƵ˲ǰƣͼǺȴ֣˶ȥ
㵽׺ˣΪҪ޻ң˵뿪׷ͬʱҲɢ
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ŮûУҲûٿӰлصݺңΪڸղų֣
ѵ㲻ɱӰκεĸ顣
벻ɱҪʣֻҪشҵ⣬Ǻˣ
ֻ֪Ҳĵ˾ˣ㲻Ҫ׷ûлش˳˼ȻѿڶҶ
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ղһֱʹԭǺԼ¶ݣ˵ϢôôϤأʹ㲻ҶҲһͬһˣ벻Ȼɱ޻֮󣬵һʯԸңҲǣ
Ӱδ
𲻳ϣⳤɲϢϢҿΪϤģƽеĳڱǶˣһ£ҲֳЦݡ
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û˼㲻ǰռҶԸİ취ʹҾͻ֣
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ô˰ɣ
Ϊɱ㣡˫Ҳ¶˼ֵɱ⣺ҶԸߵˣһὫڤ񸮵˵ɱĶҵųԿֻǣ
ҶգһҧҲòƵһ˵
Уϴκ̸㿼ǵôҪҪ޸ңȡɹƹ
㻹ΪԵõңҶһӵĿơ
õĲҵ飬㲻ùģ㻹𲻴Ӧĺã
޸㣿ͲҰҹͷն䣿ҵҪεõ
㲻ӦңΪʲôҪõҪϷǾͼⳡϷûţ
Ҷ֪ɷˣÿһƶңᱻĻݽȥƺǻץסԼĺһ㡣
ΪʲôţǻΪ˲Լĺĵõ㣿
˼ǣҲӦ㣬ͻֹңҶʵ
ǵȻӦ֪޾ѾСŮˣҪ˶ãһͿԳΪɹõ㣬ܲɣͬʱӦ֪С̵֮ϵУû㣬Ϊȥ帮
ΪңŮӣҶͷͻһı飬ȴζһ׵ĸоĸ顣
ӡաթ񶾡ɫز¶
ҶƵۣԽ룬ԽһҪ뷨ĵ׵ĽҲ˱Ƹ֧飬ƺе
Ҷ任ı飬ƵͷȴҲڰЦװװ̶ֳȣѾһЩˡ
Ҷ͸ҶԸΪͻƿڣҶܲٴܣ
ڣҶѡӱܣһȥ


130 Ϊ㳪
û׷ȥΪ֪׷ҲûãǺɱҶģңҲɱ
񸮵ˣôɱ
֮ȥϷŪҶҲֻǲٱ׵ĴİÿһԼʱ򣬶оͷۣԶ˱ᣬٿԼ
ջ˼Ҳ뿪Ƭ򣬷˾Ӫ
Ƶıʱеŷ̽£ȵҹ뿪˷̵ңԺ֮С
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˫ָ󣬴ɴķĿתĶƣƷʱ³һҪã
Ʋԣֻø档
Ժ䣬ͼѯʵʱ򣬷ּ䣬ͽĽˣһԲεƺԼС
ҵĽ磬žһ괫Ѷʹ͵ҲУֻ㣬㵽ǲǸƣ˫ضơ
Ƽװ⣺С㣬⻰ʲô˼
ߣҪң˵Ǳ帮ʲôĿģٺһ
ƶʱ͸оƲѣѹȫ
˵ǲ˵
С㣬ң˵ʲôɫͨ죬ÿ³һ֣Ե쳣
ڣ㻹ҪװǸƵǺιϵ¼ûˣǱ帮ӽ÷̣һǾϲ⣬ٲ˵Ҿֱɱأ˫䡣
С㣬䣬ƺθɣϣȴѾѪ
żǿߵѹļʦֿܵģһָҪ
ٲ˵Ҿɱ㣡ǿƣѾʹ÷ٹͶ
ҧ֡
Ȼˣȥɣɱ㣬ɱһ㣬Ϊūͣκһ˶ȨɱƺһЩ߳ŭģһƳš

һƣֱӾʹƵ඼ȫ顣
ˣ
һѪѪɶȥײ˽ıϣĻ棬˫ɵԲѪ˿ڲϵǰ˵ڵء
㣿ûл֣⣬æȥ磬ƵԣüͷĶš
㣬㣿һĶٺȴһƷֱƷ
æˣã
Ƿ̣Ʒ˷ֱ֮˵ƵԣƱ˻УͷԼϣˢһ¾˳ϵǹ֬ٻ䣬ֻޱȵ׹䣬ǲѪ֮ϣѿ
ûһŮǰʿֻˮоؿƣϲʹ࣬ȴǿѹģԺȴϵĸһÿһ棺
ʲô
ѩ̣
һ
ûˣһҪҪ

ЩꡢһˣҲҲߣйᡢйǵüʲô
ϵʹ·ʧĳƵһθĸɻУҲ·Ҹ
һĻŷȴޱʹֱ࣬ʱ·Լ֮ĸԭôˣʮûм
ʱҲѾˣԼһеȣΪʲôһƣ
õģҲк⣬ǰȥã
ǷȴһۣܷܷС֣ϵĲϵѪ˳Ƶĸһһ飡
á
ᣬ˵֣磡
̶գƵϣһ̵ޱȵᣬ·бŵһ㡣
磬ôܲҪأ磬֪⼸һֵӣ̾ϵʳ㳪̻ôˣ̶ϧѣҹ޷ߵʱǴڳ˯磬㲻Ҫ𣿡
һһĦƵգֻȴޱȵĲ԰׺ͱ䡭
磬ú˯̸ֵ糪ˣ
ںؿдԶĺѣаʹҿġ֪ҲΪ֪ܡѣ㲻뿪ֱġԶǷǣҽ̸ֱǶ졭
á
Ҳ̲סеỨȥס˷̵ļ򣺡ǽ㲻ã㲻ǹģĲǹģ
̻֪ں߳Ϊÿһ׸衣
¹⣬ĳطأȴáÿˣһαˣȴ
̵ĺ߳ţš
һ׸裬ȴ÷ͻһ¡
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ǴҳģС죬ƵĿ⣬Ҹ
һģƣּ̧䣬ȡһƵʫʣһ׸ڵһҳ˫ȴڲ
Ϊʲô㣿һƣվֻһĶÿһʫʣֹһλ֮˵ģһӢۡ
ļƵʱƱ䡢컬оȴΪʧ·ż˻һ㡣
׷ɱƵԭ򣬻һҪɱϣƿ͸˿룬Ǹʫ续ơ
ʧˣȴĹͷһ̣·ֿĿеӢۣȻ֮䣬нͼȣֱһƻӳŷԼԭˡ
ǣ̳˸֮ȴԺˣãȻˡ
ãȻȴӭ˷ʮɱ⣬̧ͷΪʲôҪɱ
ֻǽüͷּ̧һ֣סʵǲƣ


131 
ջĿ⣬ٿߣҪҺʹ죡
ɫһʹƣͲΪ֮ǰУʮľż
һ仰ո˵̵꣬ɫһϲоһ磡
ƲûǷȴƵϸܵȻȴô
ڻĻָһϸСѪϡ
磡Цˣĵġĵˮһ𣬻ۿǰľӨ͸Ƶţ࡭
·˴꣬ʹʢ̶ԽԽԣڻָ
ˮˮûȥʡ
ƻ˫һֻ̣һɵգһǰΪգ
磡͵ؽƱ˻Уĺš
ȿȡ˼Ѫ˿ӿ
ãҪԼָû뿪ڷ̵ԡ
̷·˳ޣƽϡ
գգۣԲ°ϵ̧ۣĴָȥ
ղţղڻһҳȥģ᲻뿪ˣͻˣЦš
̺ˮЦã봷ƣ̧Сȴû£СֻҪԿԺ㳪裡
˵ģƭˣ
Ųƭأ
ٽһ磡
磡
٣ı۾˯ȥˡ
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ûٸ棬ֻԶԶĿţ֣Լ֮ľѾԽԽԶˣɵðѵһֱҪΪγ
ٴʱ򣬷ַڴߣ°ͣ۾һգգĶԼ
磬ˣǳĽëϵš
Ƶ˵ͷȴһЩж֪ԼµʱǺҹڣȴǰˣǷǷ̻⣬æסĺϷһͷ磬˺ã
Ǻǣûˣ˯˶ã
ѾһˣڶѾˣ̻ص
ллˣҴ㾲һᣡ˵ţֱ塣
úϢҳȥţ
֪Ѳˣ˵ͷ
̴ϷţڴϣвľһξޣֱҹƾͷԼ˱仯øǿˣƵʶܹԿƣ˴ҲӦš
ŲǴʲô
ˣߺ
Ƹľԭɻ궾飬Ҳʴŵµ
ڵѾˣΪ൱ڷһħ飬һʯеԪӤһֻ꣬ҪκһͿԸ
ͬ٣ҲȬ
ⲿ໥תһ־ѧ
ÿһشٴǿ̨ס
ĪҪͻƵľͭĵľˣһϲԷĺҲ˼ࡣ
ûзľ飬ܵõǿࣿͭľǿţʵдա
ԣҲٳȥ
ķȴһֱڵȺûκεĽ֮ɫʱ̫ãſ̨ϣȼһѩѣԳ
ǰʱѾûٴɴȻȴûᡣ
̣ôˣ·ǧ³ôһ仰
ģѾûˣ̵޸顣
ǲǻ
ĸң֪ҵūͣص֣վ߰ͷ­ŷĿдʡ
ãΪʲôڻңʵݣΪʲôңУǩūԼ𣿡ʹʵ
ջĿ⣬રળѩѣûᡣ
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㣿㲻ϣҵһ𣿡̺Ȼ³ôһ仰
㣿ͷһ㣿ôô룿
˵ʵСʲôʱĹң۸һЩջָҵļͶԵѾԼۣĪȥ˵޹أ
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ңΪʲôҪɱ䣿ʲôҪҽ
Ĭˣ֪ǲܽģȴƽָ̬̣֮ݣ㵱δãڸѡһʹ뿪һתУǩԼ
Ҿ뿪ңҲᣡת棬ѾˣССķ̣ǿ̧գᶨ³һ仰
㣿ʱ
㲻ñң㻹õĻǾһ뿪ɣǸңҲȥ
㣿˵һ˻̧ƣ׼̾һƣĸҪ𣿡
ûжȴỨÿһ˶ԼĸҲ⣬ҲҪԼһƬ죬֮ôҲҵģΪʲôҪŽҷ䣿ΪʲôҪѡҵ飬ΪʲôͲԼ䣬ܶԼʲôΣ㲻ҪǣĲ²ǶԵģǸҲǾżһʦлʲôģңʼҲûгϹơ


132 Բ
̵ķʣ÷侲ǰƵΪԼ󷨵ĸǱ帮ʲôĿģ⼸ȷȷʵʵʵûʲô飬Ҫ˵ʲô죬ǱǽԼõĸƭˡ
ѵ帮Ϊ̣пһ£˺һ˫Ķŷ̡
ż뵽ǸһɱԼȴ־ԼƣʵǷƣ̣˵ʵ
˵ǣǻô
ôͻն˵
ߣƣ䣬Ҫ䣬ɱɱ̷·ʧȥһĺ
ã˫ַס˷̵ļ򣺡侲һ£ǲƣ
ǣǣҵ磡ҡͷȻ˷ֱۡ
ˣ֪ԼѾΪˣڷӦҲ̾һȴٴ˵ƣ䲻㣬ĸǾԲͬǵ飬ؽɱƣһҪΪеĳǲڼ֮⻹оżʦڵģԣã侲𣿡
գ˫кίȴʮֲʵĶŷ
Ҳֻн԰㣬ҲѾСˣ˵ǲҪһ𣿴Ҫ޸Ϊİ£ʵ
գȴסˣΪû⣬ֻǰ䵱۰ԼĴ磬ңҲ֪ǲϲԼټǽɫĨһΡ
Լ֪һ䡣
֪Ļճڣ̺Ȼ֪ҾҪҳˣ޸磬ǲϲңһ𣡡
ѽһγ̾ʮֺڣǧ򲻸ѡۣԼԼΪ
ʱԼ룬һʮĻһԼ֮ϣŲЩ۽ӽã̤ڸһС㽫һʣһĵ̣һвϲãϣø㡣
֪ȴöԼ˴ᡣ
ĸ˽㽫̫ӹ˷ʼҶҲʮֿأһжڶ̶̵ļ﷢˾޴ı仯ѾóԼö˼ǿκεķԣ벻
㣬㻹۰ãǾܣ͵ʲôûз仹䣬ҵūͣ͵Ƿһ飡̵ĻһЩ
ֽ̣Ǳסģʹһʱã
ǲƣȻҼ޸ͳ帮ˣǾͲɱˣٴʵ
Ը׸帮ԸԺĺӶշһżǿߣ϶ĽһӦôҲһģеĹأ㲻ǲ
ҶҶǿЩûȨƺ͵λˣΪʲô帮Ůӿ޸壿Ϊʲô÷ȥ书еʦΪο˾ż䷨š
ãǺ֣
ûк֣˵ҸôſԺһ𣿡
ֻܿ˼ˣ䲻ָƵݣԶƣԶ䣬ƾŬﵽľżʸһ˵ʸ񣬶һ
ߣһΪʲô⣬ԭһС죬üͷ˼Ȼ̧ͷЦֻҪҵΪԶֻ߼峤͸ĸͲôˣʱﵽ˾żټ޸ǾͲˣ
ã
ôˣȥɣллˣ˫ָվſڣָֻ˸߹̬
ˣȻΣȴҲ֪ڵʲôȥˣͷ죬ȻЩ飬һЩܲӣѾǵĳˣΪϲ帮ۣյĽȴǱ˸ϳ帮м˶
ҲһһҿۣһѡŮ˵һΪƫƫ벻ˣһתΣ뿪СԺ
̼ߺ󣬻ּ䣬һ󷨣Ժκ˶ɳ룬һӣֵȼһѩѣ˾죬

֮ƿţһҹǶ
磡ϴķȻƵǰ
Ѿͷ⼸첻ᶼſڰɣѯʵ
һЦٺ٣ΪţŲ˺㣡
һһ磬Ļŭţָ̧˷̵ͷЦллˣ
һΣû˦Ƶ֣ƵĸֻȴڰǲǵҽٳһЩˣͿҵأ
뵽ڵΣæͷȥһߵСϱ
˼ʱ򣬺Ȼ͸оǰӰһΣŶͷʲôһ£ʪʪġ
Ӧʱ򣬲ŷԭĶͷһ£Ȼܿ죬飬ȴƮƲ㣬˫ϼаҪǵҽٳһЩǲǾͿ׵ҵأ
֪СѾͷʲô֪߹ķ̻ôһգЦ̣ұչص⼸գûзʲô飿
Ҳ֪⼸һֱ㣬ûгȥžѡ
ǳȥ
ţ
̤һѾ͸ĸ߹һɢֱ֫ɫƽƽȡ


133 Ϊ
ֻǷ̸ոָоƺƵǰʣæŤͷ˿ƣƲû⣬ŷ˲̤Ժš
⼸ȷʵûзʲô飬ˣƵʯҲΪսƱľͻơ
ƹҲ˷İţֻԭפأȫڲ顣
뿪СԺŷԭһƬɽҰ֮ľǹȺɽݷϢ֪ɽɽҲƹɹһɽս֮ء
ɽӣƹ֮ΪҵȻϡ
˷һɽͷңԶǶ˭û˵ѵһ
ã̲ſ˵磬ȫ˰ɣ
ţֻǺˣҵ侳ѾҲͻˣﵽؾ磬ʦΪˣ
ѽ磬ʲôôȻ˶Ը˷ܵ
ľżȻһɽģ
Ǵ磬ԺûĴﵽżأ
żǺǣҲ̫С˰ɣ̣ܸܲ˵˵ôһ
ţһ¶ΪƵĿżƺʲôֻǵ뵽ƵһǾżʱ򣬲ȻѵҪ񼶾Ժĳˣȼе϶ĳ񣬳Ϊ½ʷһ񼶵ʦ岻˺ˣңһҲǳҼ޸أ
ţֳ˺Σˣǿɰ˵磬ʦûأֻ峤ĳϿٻޣս񼶸һ˵񼶵ޣ൱ȻõȻ
ȻʦȻ𣿡ɻͬʱȴҲ뵽˷ʹͨǡӣǺǿԼ޷󣬶ը顣
ܿˣԼ֮أǶȻԪصĸ֪ѹۼγɵƾͨʦֻʹԵУƾʦ꣬ǲֱ֮ġ
ʹԼ֮ܽҲޣǰ㣿ȻԵ˿񱩺˵ӦΪ
ѵżʦĿͨٻ񼶵ʦأưһ
磬ǲҪȻ̼֮ڤ˼룬ʵ
Ƶ˵ͷ֪֪Ҫã
ĲƣɻΪ֪һﵽ˾żʦľ磬ȻȻͻ֪һ൱һֻͨҪ㹻ǿôͿԽԵУ
Ǻǣôˣ֮ǰѾ˵ˣҪΪ粻ƭ㣡
ˣֻ룬ƣǾӦӵоżĸ֪֪һе粻ƣôɻҲӦãֻе磬Ϊļ弶߼˼ż˾żȻȻͻ֪ˣ
˫ֱ󣬻ָ˸ֻ̬֮߰ȴһƬƽһиУȴǰֻԶ۲档
ǺǣҵȻֻǣǸƣҲĴﵽ˾żľ磬ǽṹǿ󷨵Ÿһ־żļ󣡡
üһ֮չĿЦЦҲûָʲô帮ĵ伮أȻеԷΪֲͬһﵽ˾żͻԶһ֣ҽܵе׵
ͷһⲻǺͰӦǲǺͱҲһϵ
ľˮ𡢷硢סȻټһ֮ˣ
֮Ϊû֮Ʒһ
֮𣿻û˸˵أɻˡ
ĺһΣԶͷȴɻ󣬿˵ûҲϸû˷֮ɣϾ켶ǿ߾ѾԳˣ˵Ͳʲô֮
һ˵ħʦʦɣվҪѧƿеһ֣ͨ񡢳񣡡ɻ
ԭֻǰʵ磬ȻƼˣ
ֻǶ԰ʹõķͬ񸮣Ǹиس֮첨ľ֮ڤǷ֮ħǻ֮ˮ֮еλ񼶸֣ƿص֮
֪һЩǰ֪飬Ͽɵĵ˵ͷΪ£֮죬񼶸ƿش֮ҲΪˣ
磬ѣͨĸ򣬲ܿеģʦӵصͨ˵ڸ⾳֪ǲǣ
ǰڲ̫ҪڣӦþҪ˰ɣ뵽˲ľߣҲֻ˵أֻ룬û֤Ҳ˵Ҫ䣬Ժ·;ֻԼˡ
帮ǲƿصҲ֮ʵ
һҲƾԵʣƿصҲͬӵͻõȻ񼶸һ࣬ȴҪһżǿ󣬾ż۷ʦ֮ԲܳΪ񼶣Ϊ޷洢ڣֻٻȴԣ
Ƶ˵ͷ֮һЦšһ·ۻллˣ
չһЦβסľϲ㻹û⣿ٰ𣡡
Ժ㣬쿴ˣһһճ
ţء



134 
ͣƲźͷһͬɽѾȺʱüͷ
յķɫװŷɫɴ˸ۣȴֻǿһۣͽͷŤһԡ
㣿û˰ɣȿ˵ĿҲڶơ
ллСϵСѾûˣͷһЩŭ⹪ûп
ˣǻȥ㣬ȥĴ°ɣץסƵĸ첲ȥ
Ҫһ飡
ʲô£Ťͷʵ
ɹʱ˱ơ
С㣬㿴Ҹʲôֲ֪
֪
֪ʲôװɵ
㣿ʱԣֿ˷̡
㣬ͲҪΪˣʲô˵ģֱȥɹĻʵۣ˱ˣȻ˾żΪߣֱӲսȴǲܶԴɱɹľżǿߣ߽޾ɱˣɹͿҲôˣ
Ϊżǿô׺ɱûĻһ䣬֪ԼöԼһЩãƹԴأǵҲǱҪȫĹң㲻Ҫˣòã
ûٻػֻĹĵӡ
䣬̵飬ҿʱǱܣյ飬ҳ̫أƹ飬ȴϵ帮ˣϣأ
˵꣬תȥ
ֱıӰʧ̲Ťͷơ
ȴһЦԹսֱ壬ɱ죬岻첻ͺѱƹƴһսյսȡ˫ľż֣ʹƹ帮ҲԲ£С㣬赣ǣ
Ǹû˵ʱԽ̣Դɬ
ԭ㲻ƹ鰡
Ųأ̿ɰ̱ƹҲŲģʲô飿˵籾ͲӦ÷ôĹңȥģˣ
⿴һȴмΪģҲԣֵѩѣԪ䣬˻ݣһ߳ѩѣһ·飬Ƕ޹ء
ʱʯȴѾһֵĹǷȡȥżɱﵣǣҵ˥ȴȡÿһսʤ
ܣǾʹĺ𣬸ɥʧǱΪֵԴɥʧƬء
սҲܾģɹ޾ڤ񸮵Ҷ
ңһһϲ޾ĿŵĹҶȴĴ̣Ÿָնװս
ƹһֻλż֣ɽѾλսˣʣµһλƹĹ
ɣ죬Ϊƹ֧ƶˡ
ֻƹĵ󣬿˿ȴ࣬սԿˡ
ɽϿգɹճʮˣƹȴֻ򣬽Ʈɱɱ죬Ǻ¡¡ײըһ㡣
˳սܣѪ졭
ƹľӺܿ첻֧ľͱɹľӱƵɽı棬ƱڵľѾڴߡ
߿УɡˣüԻŶʮλ˼ǿߣͬɫء
Ƕʯʮλ˼֡
Ȼɹһһż㹻İ˼Ҳֲܽң˼;żǲֱӲսģҲǴ½Ĺأ򣬱УʤܣѪ޹顣
˾ż־ԭӵһ㶼ʹãʹĸִڣҲܱƽսʤһҲϾɱһƬʵĵ̣档
ȻҲȫܳ˾żĸ֣ȴԲܶԾӺͨİֻ֣ͬȼĶս
½񼶣ҲѾҰٴҲҲء
ԣ߿նӵĸֻ֣ܸɵۿ˴Ȼ졣
ɹǰƵķɸʽľۼ󡢳ķս׶󡢾Ź󣬵ȵȡ
ƹȴ£ֻ֪һǰ壬ȴи̶ԽԽ٣ԽԽˡ
ɱ
λ¾װɹ伶ʿһ޴ĹսӣΣΪȴһֱſλڲ繭ңʿŵȫǳǹһٺȣǹ뻮һǰͶȥ
ˡ
һαŵʮλƹʿȻҲȫ
δ룬ǹսӵʿȴӶ˫ƣһɫĹâۼսģγһ֧ɫ޼һλ߼λʦͬʱͽ֧ɵĳ˳ȥ
һ˾޴ıǹƳգǰȥŭ
䣡
һײƹʿȽӵ򣬻һ߼֣ȻըΧֱǧ׵򣬻˹ƣ֮ˣֱӱУ˷ĩʬ޴档
ֻһĻֻ׵ľ룬һֱ׵ľ޴ԲȫɹʿʹöɵģƷ϶Уһɵĳϵڿйϱž
ÿսλӳսѾﵽ˰˼ǿߵľ硣
ɹȴӵаٸսӣȻͲͬȴڽ£໥ս
һĻɣʹǾż֣ľסҲ·һˡ
ûľԴ֮ɹľӾͱˣ˸ޣƹľȻǿסɽǼѾʧȥ˶ʮ˵ľӣҧ˵мҪγѪ
ΪʲôѧǣҲһսӣüʵ
ľż쿪ڵҲѧȴﲻ״̬ңᰭְţ˼Լˣ


135 ƹ
ΪΣһ˵һЩηˣΪս޷ģ£ֻƻĻ¼仹˭ֹľӣսٶһЩǾżҲֻˣ
ҡҡͷͷ׷ҡҷһʲô޷С㣬ʦȽϾͨѵҲŵ𣿡
ңʱǵģҲΪʲô
Ƭ̣ŵǻȥɣɽǲסˣƳǣѡһЩʿǵ־ӣٺúõооеԵɣ
ˣ
ȷش𣬷ȴ̾һˣҲֻǰװþʿҲԸЩķǾͲӮⳡʤңľĹҲѾˣϵĴ߼˼ĳɱƹΣӣ

ءڷгѩѵķ̾Ųϵı졣
򿪷ţֻһλ˼ĹܼɫصС㣬С㣬뿪ͣɹľϾʹˣ
ô죿̿ơ
Ǹһ߰ɣ̤š
ŵͷһͬϸ߿գĳѾڿеȺˣһŹ
ķ㳵ƹ˰ܵľӣңͬʱգν׳ۡ
Щһߣ·Ҳ͵ڿˣɹľҲͬûн䣬ǽĹԵأƹһĵֿҲûУʧ˴Ƭ
ò˵½սǺģϲԷ˳֣ʹ켶ֻҪֿҲɱˣΪռ̵Ҫԭ˿ڣ˵ū
Ϊū
ΪΪߣսʤΪÿһʤԵõū
Ϊɹͳ˧֮һʯõȻģľѾ޾ò͵ĳ̶ȡ
ΪֻƲŻᣬҲֻƲ£ܷӳӦе֪֪ڲ֪޾Ҳ֪˶֪ƵľƾʲôͻôǿĹ
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⣬ʳǵһʱʯﵽ˸߶ȡ
˵Ʊ𣬸ڷ̵һ࣬˴죬ֱɫƹĹƳǡ
ԶԶģͿƳǵϿգһȺԴ֮ŷԭǹ̶ӡ
ƹĹӴ󳼣Ȼӭˡ
ɡ졢̣½˷ᣬǰһ񣺡£
濴ֻһֵ׳ˣһƺں룬ƤԺڣ׳Ц񣬴ˣ汾ȥʹС㣬һ·ˣ
ûһսܹǣⵥʺ˷
Ҳֻǵ˵ͷɴҲûн£Ҳʲô顣
ֻһҲɴһƶơ
磬иͳĹأŮӳδޣͱҪɴȻһ꣬ɽ㻹Ҫǰˣ˶࣬ûлͷȺƣȴôѶ鴫Ѷһ
Ž
һͬǰֻǣͼһͬʱȴһԵĻ̌첲赲
ţüͷһ壬Ŵˡ
˲ڣҵԺϢ˵
˭˵˲ڣǰķ̣Ȼ۷
һ䶯˵ע⣬Ҳתơ
ϣλȻˣȴҲõԼūͣæ͵
ԭˣɶ˲ΪʲôϵˣȴҲ˶ƿˡ
ԼūͣҲūͣȻûһأЩһӣľ֮ԿԽ룬˼Ѿﵽ˰˼ҲǷұڵķΡ
ȴֻССļ۴磬ûнʸȴ˲֪ڣȻҪ̤
һƹ۵ӿѵȻūͣΪβõĹأ£
ףǹۿ˵ͰƵĿϣԷҲһ˲ţͶʮӣΪҲ֪ȴһɸ߸ϵ֮
ȻˣҲȥˣߣӦ𣬿粽뿪˴
ã˻ƣǶˣɵòȻŭ
ǺǺǣС㲻ҪƣҪԣ֪򹷿˵ĵȻҲӣС㣬ҲҪ
ȴ·ûһǰ̤
ϣҪǽϰˣϣϲҪȥɣ
ֻõͷˣСȥ¸Ϣ
еѾ׷˴ȥķ̡
֪ˣղ˵ӣһ
˺ˣҶ
һƪҲʹ˽ҹȥˣ˷ֱĸλʼɹսֻ˶ûһеİ취
˵ȷ׷ȥֻʣɡ졢ԼղűΪƵӣ
ļ䣬ЦС㣬С㲻ǵɣ
彫ģþǸвԣ彫£
ǺǣҲҲǣǶСƢȷʵڲͬЦЦֿ˿
ŻС㣬СС;Ѿﵽ߼ʦľ磬Ժ϶ǰ;С㣬ҵæ֪ɷ񣿡
˵
СƣҲѾʮ꣬ԽδȢϣ׸Ƿң֪СɷΪҶһǷҵĹ϶Цݡ


136 
⣿üΪ˭ո˵̣ԷԼæýڴ̵⣬ɵͿ˿ƣ߼䣬ҲǸˣǷͬ⣿
ǣֻװͿһڸ֮øĸڸûкʵŮУҲ⵱ýˣ
ǺǣǾͶлˣЦ˼ЩʧѾǲͬ⽫̼޸ԼĶˣʹ׸ܣֻ˶ΣϣһʵĹˡ
ͬüͷǲӡ
ϣһʱ䣬ҴúõооƵ󷨣
ʹСˣ죬һʱ䣬ҪЭС㣬һӴС
ɫһϲ˵ͷѾ֪⣬ľͿ˿ɴ
˺˼֮󣬷뿪ͬ£ǰӪ
ֻʣɡˡ
帮ҲˣȻƵľƲˣС㡭
˵꣬æ֣Ҫ˵帮Ϊô򵥣û帮ǵ֧֣ƹˣ
˵ĲʹС޷ƾ帮Ҳῴƹ˵帮ĳϾͻԳˣưղ̫çײˣСֻʮ꣬ȴѾﵽ߼ʦľ磬֪ԺԲȴСģҲһĸп
ǣԸú׸帮һҸŮӣǺô죿˵׸帮ģҪգпһ޷뿪ˣί
ΪãҲΪԷһ⼸գҪǶС㽻ûл͵أסçײȥɣҵƥСţ
ҪС㣿һ㵡
Ҫ˼ϲа⡣

ȴûȥʲô¸󣬶Ǵ˹Ů뿪ת
ʱֵҹڵƻֲͨڰ죬ԵеĶ÷̿ۻҡ
һûгŵŮӣһ뿪֪
һʱ̾üͷΪԼĴԪѾװ¶ˣ˿ƣһЦֽһЩȻưԪ䡣
¸ֵ˴ֵʱӭȴһȺˣΪ׵ģƹƣֻǵƿѾҿɴķ֮˲һ
ãһڿˮЦС㣬ôɣ
һƣüëȴҲòᣬ˵ͷ
С㣬ĿɿģƹмҪӵеģͷһƣڶѩѣ
ѩѣ֣Եú
ҲˣѩʲôʱƹˣСҲѩѰɣ
ѩǾϵʳ֪С˵䣬ľȡѩѣһݸ˷̡
̳Ƭ̣վûоܾĽӹ
С㣬ѩѣƣǿգǾ˼һ£
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쿴
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˫ɵԲǰȥָ̧аëظһһѾʮּˡ
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С㣬ƹҲֻƥƥ겻ټƥҲֻǸǰոոʹ͸ҵģ
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ѩѣˣѩˡ
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ǺǣҮȻ괫ѶԸѣллˣ䣬ߣڿնıϡ
㰡䣬ʲôͱСһ̴ߴٵ
һƷ˷̵ı󣺡С㣬ǳƣЩ˼ְɣ
ϵϲɫʧˣľܾȴ뵽Էոսƥ͸Լֲò棬ֻǳǵȴ˴롣
ƼˣȴһЦС㣬Ŀģ㣡
̾˾С죬Ťͷƣ£Գ֪ɷ񣿡
ţޱȣϵЦȴҪȿ޻ѿȴֲþܾ˵ͷҲȶСأ
ллˣ
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ϵ޲Ŀֻͨ巺Ű׹⣬һɫĹߣٶȼʧ
ջĿ֮üͷ֮ȴչ֮˵ţȥСʲôΣգ
˵꣬Ҳڿնȥ


137 žӺ
һߣλͰƸΧסˣ⼸˵ΪǶҪߵĶ࣬һ߼ĸ߼λ濴ҲʮңǸͷģһЦСֵܣҲţϸֵȥƵƣΣ
ᵽƣƻһЩˣ˿գоӦòʲô飬ϻԼϣʱԼѶԾ͵˵ͷ䣬֪ϸγƺ
ҽģµľˣֵܣϸҸ˵ֻƣû˵ĻǲմСֵҲƵζ
˵ţλȻĴƵļ龢ֵһ㡣
Ҳûн⣬һͬȥһžӡ
νžӣҲ¥ֻǵҪߵĶ࣬ڸߵȵȼ伶ǲĵط
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140 ҹϮɱ
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жһ˼˲ԺּԷһƻ̱סƣ͵һת

һǿӡ˷̵ı󣬷Ȼûб飬Ǿ޴÷³һѪб·׹䡣
˼ˣüͷһ壬ΪȫǵԤϣӿǽ÷˵̫ء
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141 һ

죬˵ݣڲྐྵȻֱѡ
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142 ҽ
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143 ɱ
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145 
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Ѿڴ˵ȺʱˣҪľǷ֮УҲʧȥһϵ


146 ƽ
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С䣬ΪͱƵں;Ĺ֮Ĺϵʵ
㣬ڸûһңʹǿõһҲضΪ˵ĹĿ꣬ҪݷɳȵȰɣȵǵ㹻ͳһ½ʱһģ֮ǰЩúõɣ
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ʯŶŮգһ䱻󷨸ǵĵ֮ڣ¶Ӱ
ҳǧףҲаףԵʮֵĿտڲʹʯǶڵγɵͼף͵ؿȥһ̫ͼ
ϸһȴǿͼһſ·һǶһ㣬ڰʧȼ
ͼֱаףȫʯնɣϷǷܲһһſԵ
ƺֱλһͼһ࣬ͬʱ˫ֽӡĬ֮һĻͼеһϡ
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ȻƴӻȡһѳѳҲմҶжģ־ͼ֮С
ڳۿɼٶȷֽ⣬âĿգۼʧޣһ̣ǰͼС
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ռ䣿ƿЦһȫԳ֮ΪʦҪýﵽĿռ״̸̬ף
ƿЦַ֪еͨˣ촽ü˼

״̬ˣڽʱзǶʱоġ
ƵıڷɳǰΪλС䵱·ڸ˼һͬʳǷȥ
һγڷ˵˵ջһߣɺϵǣζȣԣеҲʮָӡ
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͵һķ֣󵨣㣬ΪʲôûˣΪҲ֪˵ƵǺ͹ϵ
ƱĴֲѪȴڿٵķŷɽ֪ʲôǷй©ԼܣɷҲֻ֪š
ôû˵ˣΪūͣӲһѵûһ㸺УţȻΪֵ˵Ĺ˵Ҫδ㣿
˵䣬ɽѾ뿪ΣƵǰһƵؿڡ


148 л

ƱߵͷѾﵽͭĵľ磬һŵĽشࡣ
ǲɽһ̤ĿڣüĿ˵ǲ˵
ɲȻɽû˿Ľ飬ǿڷ̶ԼķϣҲܶԷɽ֡
ңʯʹɽ򶷣Ҳ֡
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ǻǲģอѾ޷УѪܱѹ޷ͨһһס

һڴعѾһ
ǿֲ̻ѡ㣬ֻϧܵľǱĵūͣ

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˵ˣɽĽһμأֻо඼ѾֹͣڲѪܴѣȱѪԽԽԺ
һССˣȻԼС⣬ʹҲɱҲǲˣй涨ūԽߡϲߣ䣬ҪϷ򣬹ֻԼ̫֣ϷܱЩ˵ʣ֮мҪúˣ

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ɽĬˣһ뵽ڴϵСŮֳ࣬˳ԼŮƺҲܹˣŭ
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ȻˣҲȥ֪ͨһأȥʬȥ
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Ҳ֪Ҷǳ֣ƾȻð˽˳ԹɱΪ̱˵ǲǸøлл
꣬˵㶼Ѿ˼ҵķɱˣڲȥл˼ңǲ̫˰
ɷɽȴ˵˵ҲʦǸżһҹͬʱս˶ܣΪҲѾﵽ˾ż۷徳磬λϵ˼׸帮һܷŵ棬帮кܴӰ졣ҪһŮôߵΪҲһܿϣ
ʲôоԼ˼άѾϸˡ
һ˵һһȥǣӻ̺䣬ӡΣ
о׻ƺл


149 ȸں
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ڵӻƣըһӣͽƵʬӵ˿֮һ˵ôˣʵǿϧҲֲñˣΪūͣȴͼӣܻȥ
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ֻǸߣӴԶ̧֮˫ƣ׼ͷһͻƵʬ帡ǵǰ֮󣬶һЦһ̧һƣ׼Ƶͷ­ͻȥ

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ὣӹ꣬׹ɽ񾪷ɡ糱ˮֻ̾˻ء
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ջ飬жһ̳֪ϲƣһ̶ƾ͵Ϊͱɣ㻹кޣֻܺұǣµҲ֪ݵǶԻǴ

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ƴʱڵĻһϳͷžúȡѩѵߡ
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СôôˣѵϷҵ۹ˣϧҵ񹦰ϴҵļʮѩѣѾˣԭΪڿиˣ˭֪Сô죬
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ܿ־һƻӳеѾǰ
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ȷʵûıԴƣ౻٣ǳˣѾĲˣֻϧ˴ˣûȥƵĵ
Ƶĵ֮УǹƵͱԪؾۼɡ
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ǧһڣһ룬ľѨ֮Ҳ֮仯ΰԶγɣһľҲ֣߽ܿƷ棬һ°ͣҴ
Сӻأһǹ꣬ԱıԴȻƣǹȴתΪѪ⣬޸ڴˣȻȻǿ󣡡
֪ƵĸƿΪһΪԭǹںһ壬һ𣬹ͻԶת޸ˡ
ԭɣԼ᲻
ǲҲܳΪ֮أ߰һ


150 صĹ
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Ĳڴ֮УһһС̸˵أ˼ƺȻǰһ׸кߺ
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ٺ٣Сӣ˼˼ӦǷ˵ĵɣ֮ǰôûҳΣտܡԷϹµһطҲ
ȻȴҲҶ룬ɭ񡭡


151 ý˰
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𣿵ȻҪѾǽⲻĳˣ϶ҪһƷ⼸ǹͷദԷɽĺ࣬ǶԷ̵˼ʱ˵Ұº֣ͼԼĻҲ㽫еĺⶼˡ
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֪еֻԿָ̬֮Դ罫һｻңԺֻҵİžǣ²ƻ
˵Ƶȴ¶˼ֵЦ⣬ΪʯȻѶϢ帮˾ȻҵԼûмİᣬͨᣬ̽ԼǲԸ׸帮
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زΪʲôȻЦȴҲܲ³ƶͨѶûдţֻһԾĶ
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ʯѶϢ˵ֻҪ׸ңǱף
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ʲôһ仰ˣСųOΡ

ڣƵʯȷʵ̸Ҳ
յİᣬ°ɫۣ۲ӡݹ׵ϣһ˫ˮЦЦĶƣνǽˡ
ʯ豭һڣȻһЦᣬҲһĽˣܷң帮ΪͻȻҪҽףҲӦ帮δң
ῩһЦ̬֮˳½ʮ֮һĲúÿǿǣ
迼ǣѾӵˣ׸帮ҵ帮ǵĶС޵ǣ
ôϲС㣿Ǻ档
ô˵Ӧ֪ѾʮĹѾ˻Լһ޾ýȻΪŮýе㲻ףҲûôأǾŮļױҲѾǰ£ѵҴһ帮
꣡
Ůգ̲סһЦ
ô˵ģһޣ̧Ƶĸ첲ϡ
ҿɹܲţֻý˵ģɲ㣬Ҳܾô磬帮ļױɲֻһǳأһңƹ㵱ױΣ
ƹ˵帮Ը⽫ƹңΪɲֻǼױ⣬пԷ帮ƹ̬ȡ
ԭ帮˲͸¶̫磬㲻ӦҲֻ˵ˣǷ˽¸ҵģ֪㲻Ȣ취帮ĳϸı⣬̼޸㣬׸帮Աȫ帮棬Ƚ֮Դŷ뿪帮ƹΣ
ô룿ڿɺãüʵ
˵ͷλϾ֮󣬱㱻ؾ֮УҲ޷һϵѾϾˣȴת㣬һ취ػɵģ
ˣüĿһ˼Ƭ̣ᣬһӦ帮Ҫ𣿡
ô㶼ӦǾȡ
Ҳø׵ģ
㵱ôͣ
帮鲻ͬ޾ûиκεڰŮͳǳأ帮ȴ׸ʹ͸һңҲֻǴΪԺһжҪ帮˰ɹˣ̫ϲܵԼ
˵ţ͵˼ѩѣŮÿһ
ŵĵѩѣĳһڣŵλؾ帮˵㲻ͬ⣿
ǲͬŻ£ת帮ԸȢΪޣҲ׸ҲҵǺ֪帮޼ҵˣѵǶɱˣὫúɽøң
һҲûи˵ΣҲҲɻ


152 帮
ͰҵҪ帮ʲô׸һǺǺǡЦа帮еϼһֻˣ
ȴƵЦб⣬صĵ˵ͷ֮һЦĺ֪ΪʲôԸȢ̣ǷѵʹˣϲȽСŮ
ⰡȽͲҪˣѵתһ·˵ΣҶὫȢţ
ţֻһƽûʲôķӦ˵ͷ⣬˵Բ֮ôȫΪܵͳϵϣԭ治֪ǽ֮䵽׷ʲô
飬Լģ㣬Ƕ漸գôĽӰ֮ĹϵһҪʱҪȥ죬Ͳˣʲô飬ֱӴѶҾУ

뿪ǣʳǸȥ·ϣѾѶϲͬ⽫޸׸ֻϣǷ̣ƶȴһʱ䡣
ҵ飬帮Ҳ˴𰸣ֻҪ׸ؽһĴ𰸡
ĽѾԤϵٵȥҲ仯帮Ǽϼһﻹпܽײɣȥ
ڶ죬ʯȻʳǣںһ帮
帮լԺǲӲģûжػȴ֣·һεĴǿģʹʯ󷨵ĸǿҲ޷ϢĶ룬ǿͻƸܡ
ֻһԽĵطǾţһҪĽ롣
ô죿ͷƤζҪȳģ֮һϲ

㣿
帮ǰĻſڵ֮˫ĿɵԲ
磬ĵܵܣС䣬֪ҸڲڣƱȭ˵
С䣿ŷɾ裬һ˵䴥ҹ棬Ѿˣ㻹ǿ뿪ɣ
Ҹˣҵĺø簡帮ôô̰ȻҸ紦˭ģңҪΪҸ籨𣡡һѱһĺޡ
ǼˣһüҲɽǷֵ࣬ǰĿҲע⣬ſڣ֮󣬶ʱʹ䣿㻹ţ
ϵ÷ʱȴװŲʶĨһѱ飺˭ʶҴ磿
磿ˣ֮̽£ǰ˵ϢȷʵЩͬ
ĵܵܣ̽
ôˣֵ̥߰ܣҲ˵ǰ˰ֵ̥ܣϴеڶƻص
̥߰˰̥գҲûôģļٵİͷɻ󣬿ȴҲôæ㻹ǿȥɣѾˣߣҪȻ³Ҳһ
٣ҵ³Ҳһѵ帮ҲһĴɣֲ帮ˣƾʲôңŭ
úúã㣬ߣ˰ɣ
ҲߣҼǵ峤һҾͲߣҵҪ帮ǲ˶۸٣
üͷһҿ˿Ҽߣ
ǣ
źĻȥĸҳƣͽƸˣһת˹ޡ
һ֣;һλܼң峤ɽ͵õϢк֮£˰Ƹ˽ȥ
ͬһĻˣվڵĵطɽͬһϣʱȴĿԣҲ˱ߵɫĿıҪɽһ
ɽҲǳɻôгôˣһĺ˫̥
ԣ̥߰Ƽ˵
ô˵㻹üֵܣΪʲôӦƸ۵ʱ˵ԼǸ¶ûֵܣɽ˫ԺȴڻŮ飺ĻѾ˸ɢˣͷãɡ
ǰС䣬ȴһˣʹͷûбã˹ޣҲԲôʱӵѵܵܣǴ˹ʹõ
绹Ǻܶġ
벻ǣڷ峤Ҫֻ㣬ΪʲôҪɱ䣿
ɱȻΪ帮Ĺأ
𣿡еŭ˫𣬿ЦͲΪ𣿡
ɽţɫȥ㵨ӲСȻҸвң帮ʱв
帮ôˣѵͿˣҴֻǹӶۣūͣʹ˴ҲӦýĻǴɢɣԵķʡ
ɽԭΪ鷳ģѾ˴ɢϢƵʣͲ֪ôͣΪ帮ҵìǲܸ֪˵ģǿͷŭ𣬰˰֣ȥɣһؽ
ǺǺǣҽ˵ŲҵҸĻǣԲԣǲ֪峤Ϊʲôҵ˵Ѿŭݣϸ˼Цȴ
㣿ɽԷֻ弶ô򵥣жپ㵽ʲôˣ
С䣬ֵܣɽǲҲҪɱҴҲɱһΣԭѾҪȥ޷ɽˣǷɽı֣ȴñѹȥĺ⣬ַ˳һ˼֣ҲѾȶ˰˼
ɽԷѾȶųһŶԷȻǰ˼֣ʲôʱôǿһܵܣ


153 Ұ
ɽãȻһЦãããǺǺǣ벻Ȼʹﵽ˰˼磬㲻ƾ˵ԺΪ籨˳Ļᣬˣ̫ˣ
˵Ļһ٣վɫһ䣺Ϊ帮һˣСϳȥɱˣ
һһ߼ƺѾ׼ʱ˫ֽӡһƻӳһε˹ȥ
繥ɫأȻˣҲѾ鶼ǵˣ˷˫һ̤棬κȻʧ
һ̣Ѿ˵࣬һѿסʺ
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˻ɫ㵡
ɽҲʮֲ죬ôģûвرƾȻԺԶԷĽ磬ֱӿסʺƹĲǻԼ
ɽҲܵģǺ˵ģҲ̤帮˦ֽλ˳ȥ
һеĳϣ÷Ҳһ˵䣬
һɾ;˿ˣʲô˵ô󣬾Ȼ帮ڲҰ
Ӱ˸Ƭ֮䣬֮оѾʮˣһ˼Ĺܼҡ
̩ɽֻǾɨЩˣеһǾÿңǾ֣ܶǣԺζ帮е
һͬʱƾͽʯƸȫ˳ż۷ǿɢ
żɽֻоͷͻһ¡
ƻС帮ƱЩܼȷǵзѡ
ȷɽһ˼ȳ֣˫ֽӡֻоһܵȻ˲
붯֣ƻһ˿ΪֱӾͽ״̬
ţ֮Щ˼ͬʱܵ˹
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Ļһ죬Ϊͬʱ˳ȥֳεʱѾ˷ɽǰͬסʺֹһ㣬ʹ÷ɽ綼޷򿪣ɴ֮£оԼͷ·ϡ
ȥ򣬷ɽüɨܣЦ˸ǣֵˣһǵƣܵߣһڤ񸮵ľżħʦ帮ֵȴ£ʱǾ仰ˣǸǴܣΪҴһ⣬Ϊ̸̸ҵĻ£
˵գסɽ־ѾɿˣٴһЦδˣɧ꣡
һڳ˶ˣ֪˵ʲô˼
ֵǷɽûзԣϸ´һƣ֮ȴ˾κˣȻżĵܵܣǸռżʦƣȻҲĵܵܣ䣿ƣС䣿
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ʱڸһеʽϸһƣҲɻǰȻƵĳ࣬ȴƵϢȻͬ϶һйأѵƾͨıϢķ
һڳһλǴСɣ
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ƵĶС䣬ˣҴѾǴ䣡
ˣоԴһʱתȦʲôʱиܵС䣿һƵĴ磿ƵʲôΪʲôҪѾ˵䳶Ϲϵ
ԣֿ˷ɽ
ǷɽҲڷͿֻһ뵽ղűǰ˿סʺбһ帮峤ʱܹ
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ǲܵģ˵ˣȢ̣ڴСԸĻȻҲ£˵䣬Ŀ˷
ͬҲڿĿԣպȻһĨΣæ˷ɽ֪ҲǸġ
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Ӧλϵ˼ɣֲô˻ûмˣƺ˵š
㣿кȻȼŭʲôô˻ûмˣһٶ껹缴ʹһǧ궼Сӣŭˣ
Ǽֵֻܶʮ꣡
ôܣɽһʮżʹ̥ͿʼҲԲܴﵽ־磬Ѿ½ŵˣȴû˸˵ʮԴﵽż
һֻҴ飬Ϊ̣ܿѾ˵ˣһҪ̲뿪֪ʹСܷӦԵĻֵܿԲ׷Ҵ֮ǻὫҵϣ˵ԼĿģĿҲһֱŷ
ѾϹؾ˵㣬׶޷ɽһЩΡ
Ϊؾ
ǷҵܣƹӣǾżɣ
ֶԷΪʲôʴ˻
ȴǾżʦ帮ǲһżʦģԣϷҲҪתܣҪֻ׸帮
ţ˫һУ¶ɱô˵˫ǲлˣ
κأϵĻǲݻڸĵģ
Ͳ׸Ƿ֮ٱǷң
ǷȻжžİ취ɽŵֵҿ϶һᱻȫȡܵѡϷҲΪ㣬߰ɣ帮ľתܣңٸһҸ棬Ҫս帮ղŵȫ£Ҳ׷ģ


154 ӳ
һҸ棬Ƿң治֪νĳǲԴвǱƨģǱŶˣƺȻЦһ
㣿³ĳ롮С䡯Ȼ˵Ļ
󵨣ɽҲûм˭ڷҵ賤ϣǲǷˣ̫
ңƵ˵ͷҪڽյľǣ
˵գ̤ȥ
иŮ˾ɫŭĶƵıӰһʱҲ֪Ǻãǿʮֿ϶ƣ϶ǲ뿪ˣʹϲ֣帮ҲὫ£ʰˡС䡯ؽƲΣż۷ʦһ쭣Ҫڱ帮帮Ȼܴܺʧ
ֻǣǶ벻ǣͼ̤ŵƣȻסˡ
ΪƵǰͻأĳһߣ߷ٰ߰ףƤͷ·ûһѪ⣬ݣڣޱ顣
߸Ƶĸо֣һ·һɽһƺʲôڣ翣޷׼ȷ׽
ôĵӣȻ帮ҰߵһȴȻŲ˹ȥһӰ
ͷ㵣ʯͽŵȫȼգ̧һȭ߾ͺ˹ȥ
ȭͷ׵ĴߵӰдȴֵס߲Ӱļǰơ

ߵӰȻƵϣ·һ鲼ƺƷԼȻˣ޷壬쳣أ֪ΰѶԷ
ɵþһѾϳǴʹȫԸƵϣһ񼶣롣
ƣһ֮Ӧ帮Ǿ͵ɣӰƣ𣬾ͽӳ帮
ӰʧȴſڵĵϽгʮףֹͣ
ã𣬶帮Ĵţһ

һȥϣɽ˵ţ̤ȥ
帮Ժ帮أһϵľŲʯͷݣΪͨ
ƿĴţŮ˹һ񣺡λϣ
¡Ƥͷߣ֮ƵںʯϱĿһԴŵ߿˵ʲô飿
λϺʱܳأ
ˣһ꣬ʱǻȥƣĻǣȥɣ
ɫһ䡣
̣ɽæ˵
棬ͱܵͷʮ֮빬˷飡
ϣΪηҪ̼޸˷żֵĲޡ
ΪҲΰʹߣһ죬һٴν٣˵˻ʱ򣬱쳣ᶨ˫оηҲ㽡
ѵͲʹߣٴɻ
ǣߣֻ壬Ҫǽ֮ȥΪƬ½˳񣿱˵켶ܴﵽңǼ񣬸ƲֻǱ켶һȰˣס帮ūֻͣǵ֮Զֻ񣡡
ͷɽ뿪ˡ
ֻǸҲĻλѾǵһ˵ˣƺӦһռ䡭
ͷ죬ոɵð̾һ죬Ĵڣٴνٵʱֽȥ

ƺƣǳƣӳ帮֮¥˼Ҿƣһõķǡ
ΪΪħҲﵽżʯᱻ˶Ỵ̄ɱ
ʮ֮󽫼޸˷飬Ҳܿת˰ᣬȻ֪ܿ
˵ʮꣿһеʱ䣡

һΣƳȥУһαչأ֮á
һգƽʯڣĿУһ̤ɭֵ·;
ʱȥˣȡͻԵĽչڵƣֻҪǲһ󣬱ϢĽ˴͵ǡ
ʱɹƹĹ֮սڳţƺԶһ㡣
磬ʱͲǿһαչضǳɰǧ꣬켶ǿ߸Ͳ˵꣬ÿһӣʮ꣩Żһμ꣬ǵʱʱһ궼
޾ΪֲڷѣԼɽĸӰ죬ǽҪС飬ңҲѾʼ׼ѩӵĻˣԼǿٹĹϵͬӦɹΣ
һеһУƾûзϡ
пʱػҲصʲô
һΣֻȥˣΪ·;
ħڽħ޻ǵ츳ȫɹĴﵽ˻ʼ½ףħΪҲﵽļǣҪҪħ츳ʹħ츳ħΪͬ
Ϊļδﵽ弶ľ磬ƻûͷ⾳ⶫܲðա
Ҳﵽʦ߼ΪҪľҲ棬ҪȴѾѡ
ɽޱ޼ʣطɭ֣һּϤİĸоΪһǼææУȥ۲ܣ
һÿùľǵأӲݱأ顣
ݰܵҶ̸ڵ棬̤ϣϵķ졣


155 ɭ
֪ⷽԲ򣬱ΪĹԪ½½Ļʲôʱٴαս˭Ҳ˵׼
СģĳͻȴʱڽУ˫ҪԷ
¶Ϣļľ磬ʯ൱ڱڼǲ㶯õġ
ҳȷʵǿ󰡣ҿǰ̽һ£ҪçײƵȥǻѾҰʱ䣬֪һпɺã
ǳɫľװǶ˿ɢͷһɫһߵʣںҲѾĸԵÿࡣ
̤ڴС֮У𽥵ɭڲߣһΣ¶ϢȫϢ

أ
ţǰȻһȺˣһȫ弶Ϊһ侳硣
ֻ˴ͳһɫװϵ൱ĬйأõͼԼԼռϷ磬ֻһ˵Īӣ콫ĦʯѾѶ˶ӣǲӳȥġ
ΧһüͷƺҲ֪ԼΣգǣƵĵȴ˱򶷵ĹУĿҲƣֻƵΪȴֻļ䣬ʧ
һУ˹ȥмλֵܣһѣ
˵䣬ƵԣҲܿ׷׷´ƣΪЦСӣǲɱһ
ΪʲôҪɱƺĿ˿ܵԼߵһˣɫװָϴŴԪ䣬Ŵ
£ٲҲҪ£˵䣬һһ׼ƾȥ
һ뵶ȥһ֮͵Ƶǰ
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Էһƺûֻ̫ǽ˳ԣƲûˣǰȫ˲ǹϣһĻǡ
ǹûбնϡ

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ʹƲÿɱȶƵʯҲ߼ʦʹʦĻ磬ҲѾǳӲ
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Է˶ʱɵۣܣ

Ǿòܵʱȴ˷ֶǹ׼ǰһ˾ʹ˹ȥ
Էˣæóֵȴڼٺˡ
ô벻ǣеĳǹȴֶȥɽţһ
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˵ȼˣɫȻ׷׵롣
ߣٺ٣Цһ˫ֽӡصһը죬һźƾճ֣һ˵ͷ

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Ƭ֮䣬˾ûʣһ㣬Ǻȴգ˵
ϣϣļϣʣµɫȻǼ롣
ɱ
ƵʱҲԼˣЩߵϷã˵ٴν
ϵٶһҲһ׹䣬ֻҪһǾͲӵ
һṦѾˣֻʣһ˱Χ
ͶͶԸūͣ˽УڵϲϵĿͷ
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شˣһ͵ǻӵĦʯǷץģ
Ħʯǻ˭
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ƹ˫ٴɱ⣺Ħʯʲô
ǣڻɭеõһʲôôЩĸ֪
ƼҲ˵ѣ˵ͷҲû⣬ԣƸֻ֮ϵĲƸѾ˵ˣ˵Ͱ֯⼸۵ѩѣΪ۵ϰȼҲǳĸߡ
صĻԼʵľǴﵽľż硣
һ̣һϣȫİڲҽУΪޡ
ƹӵĻ£
ͽУٶȱ˵Ǽ㹻һꡣ
Խ˼ֵħ޵ĵȼҲԽԽ߳û


156 
һжӻ𡣡ǹһֱƵţáȸֻÿһζʹȫ
ǹìΪ̱䳤ʹ㣬ȡʤ֮΢ƥУʳΪٱ֮
ĸ磬ǹǱȽѧģգ˵ȭ°ǹ
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ǹʱƽѸ٣ֱֱ룬ǹ⣬ǹһߣǹǱˮǹͻ붴
㡢Ȧȣ޲ͽһϰ
ڵƣһˣȴһɲϰǲϵ˼š
ǰǹǧĴĻһиֹ֮ƶϳһȷ·
Ϊ⾳ľ飬ǹøԶ߸ȣֻʵĸ⾳Ȼˮɡ
䣬ҪҲΪϸ
նƵ·飬ЬҲ֪ڣ㿷ķٺĺں룬ڵεա
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磬͵綤ع죡
ǹϻڤܽᣬͬ
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ƺģҲһ˳ǹÿһƵǹϵǷ·ڹͬ

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157 䣿
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ҪһΪԪ񣬱ΪֻˣʹĿһ㣬ɱ֮С
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֪ΪѾӵԼڽ磬಻ͬĸȴ֮Ȼǿķʽˡ
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Լһʦĸ˵һٴﵽ˼ľ硣
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󺺼Ʋ֪˼ֻȴкܶɻ󣺡ͷ䣬ΪǼһ˵ħޣ㵽֪֪ϵ䣿
̧ͷΪʲôѵ㻹ղѾ˵ˣʱƹӵΧ·֮ȴڱ͵ϮңĳˣԼȴˣٴμ棬ȻԸң
˵䣬ƾ˱ϲԣʱһѾһϢˣƹĴԪժһ֮ˣֻܺˣ
̧ƣһǹâжԸĶͷ˵
ŤͷƿǸ󺺣Ȼ㲻Ҿ͸ˣ
ţĴԪкȻһ˺ȵ
Ŀ⿴ȥһ۵ˣ߼ħʦΪҪң


158 սսս
ܳΪ߼ħʦʥͽ׵ħ츳Ƶħ츳ֻǻʼ½ףҲ˵Ƶħ鲻ħҲֻ۷Ϊ
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ֻǣƵĲǹ侳ȴҲӭȥ
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С㣬ҪҪһΧɱаųһɱ
ãҴ˲ֲ֣ǶԸħޣ㻹Ƕעܣħɽˣ߼ħ˵ʱ֣Ů˵ĿһֱΪ뿪еĶˡ
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ֻƾǿԶս˼䣬ƷԼ˺˶Է

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һΪģԽһգףɹأƸ޷ƾȭͷƿ
ǲǺʦĳ̶ֳϵͽܷ뵽ҵ侳֮У뵽һ㣡
䣡
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159 ħɱ
ǹԻΪۼԪغͱԪضγɡ
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ÿһ䶼аҲˣɥʧսͻˡ
ԣ󺺺ܿ͵飬ָţ˫ȭٴν·Ȼŷɣգʵȭ˴󺺵ܡ
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޺֮ǿ˿ԸоĲԶֶҡҷͣ
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ޣ˫һס˺ƺǳļ
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˵ȱ鲻һϲǡ
ֻȴüͷΪɽͷųѹȾżǿߣЩΪʲô¶ϲɫ
ֵܣǸսΣһεҪĿıҪԸޣƣ˵
аգǾżħޣƲЩˡ
Ȼоżѹʵֻǰ˼۷壬һʮˣжֻħޣ㹻Ըˣ޵ǳǿ󣬵ٶȲ죬ֵԸæҿԳʮ弶ô
ҡҡͷȱԣҲںȻˣ¸ǣ
˵֮꣬ʧޡ
󺺼ˣŨüָ͸ƣҲ˼ǣ޿ǹϵһܴܣֻضû뿪Լ˾ƣʱͻȻǸױ
ʦ俿ǰħʦУħޣ󺺺һɵǰֱġɽ
ʮ˷׷װ˵ĶУ޺½֣һħʦ˶ʮֻħޣƽÿ࣬лжʮֻ߼ħޡ
еƿŵսΪʲô˴ĵӡ
ħʦıǺǿģһ߼ħʦӵ߸ҵħޣЩħֻҪ츳ߣΪȫԴﵽ߼ġ
ʮֻ߼ħеǸղŸ˵λħʦҲ޹ֺԷ


160 Ƽ
ɫԽԽصĲҲԽԽ죬ס
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ڵ˿Թ
ŭһԪƼ͡ħ޹
俪ʼۼ˶ǰʦʹħ޴һţһ塣
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˲ըЧӦ
໡
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ſ޵ĿȫһĲһֻȽţûʲôͷ­ɣŲƵɽ壬ֻɽϿӿݣвֲһɽд
ƺɣֻڵٱߡ
ײϣըࡰʯ顱ûܵش
ŵĵڶιֵˣһ굽һɽУҲֻǴ޵ıǿ׻Ƕ䡣
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ףʯɣ޵ҡΣƺըһѷ졣
𣡡
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ţƽĵǺȻ籩ĺ󣬲˰
ͷԽԽߡ
˵ڵǰ֮󣬺Ȼεض𣬹ľ·˻ײ˵̰ϣʡǵأͽŵ˸
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磬ô죿ԵŮһЩǵ
ȿ˵󺺲ûоš
ҲûߣǺܺĴߺħߣܿ;ȵҲˡ


161 Ů֮Ĺϵ
ΪΪ׵ŮӾȻǸ۸Ĺ£ħ߾еĸȹƵСħŮ
δŮòûжĸı䣬ֻϸӳˣ࣬θˣΪȫѾﵽ˿ֲİ˼
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ҿֻһǰȫģǾǴ󺺺Ůڵλ

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˶һҵֿΪֿҲûʲôãɼҺħ嶼ѾˣԼķݣ
ԣЩ˷׷׺󳷡
ǵĺȴȻһٺȣ
󺺵ŤͷһˣźͶһɵɫȻƹӺӣ
ͬλ˼֣¸жʮˣӴŵıɱ
ɱ
ЩͬʱȣԼһеĸǵħޣ˴ޡ
ֻǺʹ֮仹ŴŵˣЩ˼ˣѽһ׷׽ա
䡭
·Ͷʯʯ˳ǽϣޱһֱֹˤڵأɽ㵹ݺݵ˵棬ضǾҲ
磬ܣӭȥ
еƼˣƹʵȴòˣ̵ʱûзƹǰӣ˼ĸֶ࣬λӾۼİ˼ͽʮλ
û뵽ƻܺģԼĶǶ͵ɭˣӻöôһ˷ƹټǱʵƹʹҪҲǳˡ
ƲµĲչص⼸꣬ԸоΣϷɹΧ£оĹ׷ɱ帮ҲѾ䵭ˣƹҪȥѾʮּѡ
ԣ㽫ΪϸߣұȽĵˣɸԼļӣǴɭÿԴһ̣Ϊǰ׼
ֵܾۼһʵһЮס˴󺺵ųԱ
ӽ󺺽еǰʵʲô֣
ɽ󺺻ص
ɽҪһս½Ԫ½ħǲݵĵˣ˳ȡ
ɽĴ˿ĭݵĴӣһЩȴвҷֻܳĬ
һ֮ƣͽ޸Χ
ʱĴޣڵϣ΢΢Ĳš
СħŮȴ£ãʱЩ˶ɱˣȻʤӮһõޣҿɸ㣬޺пĺᣬں֮кпܲģ


162 
ü𣬵ȴɻķʵΪʲôҪϢң
ٺ٣ֻҪƽ˵۸㣬ˣһγûٻȥģҪȥ½ȥ
ûǸ
ǴӦһͬԸǰЩˣ
³ĬҲĬɼҺħȻǳУǣҲ֪½˲Ǵҹͬĵˡ
е˺ܿõ˶ŮĴѶʱſӣĿ½֮С
磬ô죿ʵ
ˣɼҺħ廹ûгֹô߼ˣһδսѾԶǿôսǰһЩӴܵܡ
磬ΪʲôҪǰʵ
ƹѾϦɼҺħͻȻɱ˵ɹʱԸǾĹҲֻ˱϶棬ֹͣжԣͬԸԪ½ɼҺħ壬սһұؽæԱƹȻᰲȫ
λգһϲͬʱҪ
ѾѶŵĸˣٵһһ˾ۼ㹻ɱǰЩɼҺħˣЩһ򾡣ٺ٣˵ɼҺħ𣿱ȻɸǱͻȼģ
磬ߣλаϲ
ΪӵǣǺŽģΪǲλΪżֵһҲԣҲԶܵʲôʵۡ
Ҳ֪ҪΪֻмͳƹǲܵõ档
̵Ľ֮λӴ˾ȻʮƺɼҺħޡ
ǵĹºСħŮɻˡ
Ƿ½˲ûȥ֮໥Ŀһۣ˾ɱޣԷѡ
˭޵ںˣǾͿ˫ıµˡ
ɽħһͬʱɻųĽâ͵â˴ޡ
໡
޵ɢ飬ԽԽС죬ǲʡ
ȻڴΪϾҪʱ򣬴޵ϾȻͷųɫĹâƼգγһǧ׸ߵӰ
񣬷ףɫΪŭ󵨣ת
һٺȣҪը׻Ҫ˫һԺ֮вϵĻ졣
ÿһλ죬Դͻһݵʹҫ۵Ĺâ޴Ӱһݵ뷨
һ߲֮ûоʹʧֻ־ʹӰֱɼҺħ˵ȡ
Ůŵɫ䣬ÿһֵֻĳȶףĵĹУ·ĴؾȻҲεضܷɫĹΣȫڽ˸סˣֻܵŰ
ʲôǷ츲أǣ
ҲˣǾ޴ƣ˭з־һжԵôС
޵ھȻһͷ˵תͷǲǺǸɹľżֵƣһ˲ƵĴԡ

졣
һɼҺħˣѾȫ֮УǵĴ»Ҽݣ޴ӡ
ӡӸ߿Ļ뵽˵ĳģ뵽һա
һۣ˵ˣˣ
ܿһϲΪħɼҵ˺ûֻǱ
ֻǻûлϲã޺Ȼ𣬴ӡɽ֮дһɾ޴Щ˵ȣŴ޵ȫ˶
ľɽʯҲһͬ
ʮ֮ˣŵûæ伲ɡ
ߵӰ˲ת򣺡ߣܣһߣ
һ仰ʮλ켶׹䣬Ƿ·𾪹֮
ټӰӳ֣˲䴩ʮһһȫĴָץסˣ˲ջأ˸С
ԹԣƵĺ¹һӰȴĵ˺
ɣ㻹ܣ
һٺȷ֮ƾ͸оԼҲˣŵһûǰ룬ʲôְ֪Էп񼶣ܣⲻԼ
˲䣬ʹţͼʹʯԿߵĽ
߹Լ͹˱ˡ
ǰȻһڣ㷢رɫ
ָãſܵһɽԼڶϣ˫֡˫šӣȫš
˵ȣеǰ屻ɽʯеȽű͸Щ˾Ȼʯϡ
µǣڶУȻ޷壬ڵԪԼţ಻ϵĵ뱳ʯ֮С
ѵǴ޵ڿռ䣿ͷɱǣֻҪڵôɣƾһʯռ壬뿪ͼ
ԽɵľԽ죬޷κεĹ
ô죿ʶľٴε˱𣬳Žʯ뿪壬һԣȻ壬ͷһϲ


163 ޵
ƽʯ뿪Լǰ޴ĶѨ
һҲܿ챻˷֣رǸɽĴ󺺣ɵþһֵܣֵܣȾң
;˵ȣƹҲ¶ϲɫȺȵλֵܣܲȾȾңƹĴӣֻҪҳȥл
ºСħŮڷ֮˫ͬʱɵԲͬƣ
һڣ˶ˡ
رӣ̫Ϥ´һֺеĲ࣬ˣ໥Ŀһۣصüͷ
ɽͷҲǳɻ󣺡ѵһǹԪ½ˣհ˵һôôӲѵħ壿ô죿
ƣǣ㣡СħŮȽϻã˷ܵĽëգ֫Ҳֻ޷ѽȾңּˣ
ƣҪẦģҧСħŮ޲ýԵ
ǶȵȻᣬȽҵıȳ
ƶԶŮҲΣעϡ
ЩʯڻȻһ壬ڵԪҲǿٵš
һ֣ƵһѺɫĳѳҶȡģޱȣȸ߼
ȻԪ볤֮ڣ׼ȥ

ɢȴ˿۶ûС
ôôӲ
ͷ죬ٴνΣ޷
ңƻּʹʯڵͬᱻ֮գֻյٶȱȽ
ʱ޽Щ˶˶ӦþǴ޵ڣ޻Ǳֱ̬Ǹɣ֪ǸͷڲڣڵĻ˵ɺΣգҪôƿĽ
Ƴ˼
ƣôƲСħŮ죬¶֮ɫ
˭֪Ǹͷʲô·ʵ
˶һãȻ
ȴ˵ͷ˵תǴ޵ǰӦþǸͷͷ֮൱תͶ̥˴ޣֻǴ֮ڻӵͷǰл꣡
СħŮŵ޵ں֮ӵ̫ܳãܲҵ޵ںˣֻҪںȡһƣ
Ҷȡ޵һô죿ҡҡͷ
ɽüͷ˼ãſ˵ƣֻҪӦǳȥҿԸһܣйش޵ģ
ţɻĿɽƿ޵
пܣ
ãֱӵͷ
йش޵Ĵԣλ˵Ĳ֮һɽΪһλ˵֮أλȻˣͲлɽ֮Уö֮˴൱ɽ֮꣬ڣ϶λ񼶸ֵĹֻҪҵͿԵõλǰʹùĶЩɶ
ָסԼ°ͣĳ˼
ãʵ֪ôƲ֮ǰץǸͷȻ񼶸ֵĲл꣬Ǿ֤һЩʶٴη쭣ͬҪ
ҲѾﵽ˰˼۷壬ӵԼĶʶ񼶲лض࣬ͷٴγֵģڣɱޣ
ٺ٣ʹɱ˴ޣھɱɱǻָɣҪһͬԸң񼶸µĶ˭ҪЦһ
ģֻҪܾǣһԷģԲɽԵŮᶨ
ʱҲ֫ӡ޷
ƣģ˭ҺᶫҵһɱСħŮŭĿƹλӡ
ҲɱЩ̰䣡²
ΣƷԼͦŮԵģԸԼľȻŮӡ
ҿûгڣ
´ԲΣֱף˵ͷƺһСڡ
ƾС֮У󣬽һǿͨ
ڰ޹أۣʮӣǰŻȻʣֽһ޴ɽɽıڣͷŽɫĹâ
ǣܿǴһЩɫȻһֻֻɫС飬ſɽֹ
ƵĽ룬;ˣ׷ſ䣬֨֨иͣ
Щɫ𶼲ֻгƵ֮һ
Ƿ·ڽʲôƬ֮ͬʱ˹ȥ
ƲҴ⣬̧һ֣һǹι˹ȥ

ȻĶײЩɫ·Ҫȴ޵ǻҪӲôǿһȥϰֻģȴʮֻ


164 
գ֮ͷɵƵǰ֨֨ĴƵĶ
ңƻһεĲƣϵĳԼ꣬ԳЩѣ
ãֻ÷ˣ׷ᡣ
һ߷ˣһ߹طҵɽ֮Щûм׷ȴѾԼһŵֻʣš
֮£ֻϰٿŵȼϵ͵
ʯһμѾǼޡ
ٶĻʯеƾ޷ܣٶ񱩵䣬ὫƸƣ궼ܵ𺦡
һοŵĻƹƣʯ϶ᱬѡ
ҲΪʲôһֱԭ
Ҳ˷Щɫ֨֨Ҳܡ
ɽص
Ϊƶɽ
ڵħޣҪǷֽ븹еʳ൱еЩ
ϸƺ⣬΢ǿģȴ벻ڵ΢Ȼô󣬲Һ𳤵ô
ЩﵲţҪβܳȥǶɱƲΪԼնɱнɫı¡
ЩﲢǴģģȴһĹϵǾû˼壬ضѰļ壬鷳ģλֵܣ㲻ǻҪԣɽǼʶƵıġ
Ƶ˵ͷֻڴ˳ˡ
϶ڴͷɽ
ʱŲ·ٴֻأ˼ˣ֪ˡ
ҲƣЩɫС޷С𷢳βƣȫֱ귢׽״̬µ塣
˶Ĭˡ
ȴȻһϲΪ֪ϣѾϣһСϵҪö࣬һһǧֻֻȴСˡ
֮ǰСĴָСȴСһ롣ЩСϸһֱӴһ׽ڡ
ɽ٣ȻٽٻԣһЩˡ
ٻСԶ뿪Լռ俪ʼɽ١
һ׽ٶ֮󣬾Ȼٴζɹ˶׽١
Ƹһϲ
ǷԼռ䣬ƿָʹԼѪҺֱٻɽ֮ڡ
˼ˣͷޱȡ
ȴĿɨλƹӡ
㣿ҪʲôӾµľƽԼɱ
ʲôҵЩħǶˣҪǵʳԲˣ
һ֮ЩСλӡ
㣿㣿ҪҪƣҪʲôһȫӦģ
ǣȻѾҪңǻȥ
һǧֻոնɽ٣ҪǣܿʹͷŵĽӸɵĸɾû¡
㣿ƣҪӾ
Ѿ
Ҳ
ǵĴԪ䣬ȫϴƵУʹþ̽УӵĲƸȻľˣ弶ϣ˼в١
߰ʮš
ǻӣи̾һͽԪԼϡ
ϣˣȫɡ
ϵɼһħ壬η塣
ɽǵսľĶϣЩҲԼˡ
ƻǽˣûжŵ֡
֪ܲܽˣƺĴϿʼҧԼӵ
ӹƷҲУһЩǳǳĺۼ
ҲƿϣΪԱϣָܿӦ׽ٵ٣ֻôٴηԼռ䣬ʼ׼һ׽١
ʮֻĽϵСϣɳͷܵٶҲѾߡ
˼죬СϾٴΪЩС϶ﵽٵĳ壬һʱ˵ƿˡ
Ψһľǵȣ
µҲżˣ˶ȼ£ߵȵǷܳ˸С֮ٳȥ
ƣ㣿ôôħޣ²ʵ
Ժ˵ǻֶܼãֲס˾ͽңҸԪֻܿǣ
¼ƹԼһůܼһʱ䣡
ˣֿСħŮ
û£ʹȫҲûйϵֻҪƸû¾ͺã
һЦȴ˫
ɣСħŮаһ
ȴ˵׼ȷһԿĽ⡣
Ѿﵽ˼δﵽżͳע⡣
˵Լû뵽Ϊô죬뿪Ѿӽʱ䣬Ҳ˵һ꣬̾Ҫ͹˷ˡ
һ굱УֻҪԼĸ游Լǵ˾ȳҪȥ̸ȳʱȣҵκһʱ䡣


165 
ʶռ䣬ŰɫСڴˣһƵĻǵǰ
ԿĽ⣬һΪţСҲǱʹ˽еԿĺۼ
ô޷ֻܽǴ洢
ͨ巺»Ĺâһۣһĸо·⽣Դ̴˵Ļǣ
ҪżĽ⣬Ҫǵһδγ֮ܽС
ʹõǹǽ
ԣҪȡᣬֻ˵侳⣬ԺΪźܴĲ
ƽʶˣ˿ߣסһСĽ⡣
Ļǡ
ᣡ
·һ⼸˲Ļն룬̺Ĵɱ֮⣬ֱʧȥ˺ʯеƶֹͣ䣡

ɫһͣͬ
ãҧʹһһ˳ʯ壬ܴҲʹñͬܣ亹졣
Ҳֶǣ⽣ҲѾ֮ǸϾɱ򣬵ŷ֮һĽ⣬ɢ
ż⾳ǿ˹
½ÿһеİ˼кܶ࣬żȴ޼
ƶżսƾĶٶȣ⾳ƴɱ
ҶԵеʱҶڸԭ򣬲ûɱ֣սʱ򣬻ǿ󷨣ƹɡսǴ
ԣľż⾳ƻͷһԿܵ
ãʯбΪĻǲºһ
ȼһѩѣƳԻ⾫ƣ͡
˵ȼˣ׷¶֮ɫҲûж˵ºСħŮһһֿʼһֵľޡ
ʶٴΰǰС
Ƶ֮УС˲䱩򱶣һĽɽޱȡ޼᲻ݣ
ƵĻǵͱ⽣ɽ˲̴Ϊ롣
ʯԪӤٴܵش

Ʊʹĺ˫ֱͷʹ಻͸оԼԴһСϵԼԽ
ƣ԰˼ΪӦԾżĽ⣬Ӵȴκá
Ҫˣнӽ⣬ϵĴеųǧ֮󣬷ʹ罣ǰ㾫⣡
ֳ֮һѩѣ뱾ȥϵвľʼ޸Ĵˡ
ɽбˣ׷׵սľǲ֪ʲôǴôʹıоѾضǰԵޱȡ
һԼôݣҲѹ˵ɱɱˣϣ𷢷Ҳɱˣ찡ذǳȥɣһǷӣɽʼ
Įɫʹ֮⣬顣
˽ս
һΣûٱӰǹֱӶǰѽⷢ˹
ֱӳ˽֮ҲûʲôµˣʹǾżĽ⣬ҲҪ㡣
ֻҪܴ㣬⽣еľұȻͨһǹںϣܽԼǹ⣡
𣡡
ŭһǹ裬һСײ
أ
ǹѣʯеĻֱӻԡ
ⲻһԵУսһ㣬൱ش
һաա
Ѿֶȹ׽٣ɲɽ
ʮսŭͬףƬޱߵռлص
һһǹڲɱ
ʱѾƵĻӰǹǵȫ
ɭж꣬Ѿưǹꡣ
ʱżĲɱȻɴ·磬ȴɳս־
һβΣΣģȴǻġ
ѾĽ⣬ֻܷӳԼıܣֻҪƲֿͲĻɢ
лԿĲлĻƿ϶ʱˡ
˵Ƿ˵
Ҳжǣ򣬾޷ܡ
ɱɱɱ
·ܵвϵķʵıЮŻһе⾳Ųǹ
ᣡ
һж˲ǹ
ǹɵڵأֶԽһ

ƴޱߵʶռ䣬ҹ档
Ȼ
һ¹ⱦն
һɫǹȥ
ᣡ
ֻһ
ƵĲǹٴαΪ룬޷һĺƴơ
ҫ۵Ľ֮УеһƺûǻصĽƣƵʶһе㶳о
־壬ܵسĻǡ
ѾǵİѽˣѾС
Խ࣬ܵԽ࣬ʣ½ƺԽ
֪ⲢֻǽˣԼڽӦѾ˾ż
ﵽż֮ÿһ㣬ѡ
Կνʹ֮£ɿżڵһ£Ľ޾֣пǾżĺڡ
УܱϦ
ĨĨͷ亹ƴռ˳
꣬Ѿȥ˰ʱ䡣
İѽ⣬ʮ𺳡
ǵѣѣ߰ѡ


166 ʬ
Եİѽ⣬ƺȻˣԿƹϿնƵصĺȻһ
ǵ£ﳼ޼᲻ݣԼϰС
˫Ŀָɣ³һֻоȻ֮ɫս
ܹԿȫĽ⣬ΪͿԴﵽżڰɣƲɵðһ
Ŀ´һƬš
һЩΪֻ弶ģȫɱɫ԰ףֱ֮ˣ߼˯˼ǿ֧ţ
ĿСħŮ͹µϣƷŮڴ˯
ɵüͷȡϵһϲΪʱ䣬һǧٶֻϾȻȫﵽ弶塣
ⲻνǿ
ǰɾͺʹСǣٳɳγսǿȺ塣
ı졣
ƿԿ϶ٴγܹϺ϶ؽٴԼɾϺܳȼߵĺ
Ȼ޷ٴνôǻѡ׳Ⱥ壬ϣܿͻСϺ󣬷ܳĺ
ǽ弶Ѿˡ
˫ֽӡٻϡ
һǧֻϣʼƱ
һٵʱֻǳǳĺۼѾȹ׽٣ﵽ弶ħ޵ľ磬ٴ˺ҧԵ׵Ķˡ
ǵıСˣȴǿ
̶̵ļӣƱӵѾ˺ҧһڡ
ˣƲųһ
Կ϶ʹԾżǰڵĸ֣ƾȺЩҲԱ֮
ٷܸСϣ˵żڡ۷֣Ҫη֡
ĵĵȴãϽͷųˡ
ʱıʯһѾһɱͷȱʧķǳء
ʯ룬ָܿ
ȥӣǣ
ֻϷֳӣСħŮ͹µޣʼ˺ҧ
̽˵ɼҡħ塢Լɽŵˣ׷ױǾ¡
˷׷׵ʯң֮ȫָ۷״̬

һЩ˲ɽɽھһ͹
ǹ죬ȴû˿Ч
ѵ͸аƵȺСҲ͸η
˭óȺСϼ֮ǰһ٣ھȻ٣ƿֲ
ΣӦǸͷõģʹûҲЩ켶ƿģֻһ·ߣָָϷĶڡ
Щô죿ȺǵĶ𣿡СħŮеһֻϣɻ
ҡҡͷֻ̫࣬ˣ
Ͽٵһţһපڣʼ˺ҧ
ɣӦòѣ
ǿĵطħݣʹһҧһΣһǧֻһӾһǧΣһӽӽһΡ
ϵ˺ҧԱȵϰ˼ȫһԣҲֻȥɡ
һ˼ȥʹҲ޷ƿ
ΪＴʹɻᱻ
ʯƴźķеҲУһһ¹ǾͲ֪ˡ
һ̲ͣʱ䣬ڶڳһӡ
ȻܻѾϣʱû˭ȥ񼶸ֵˣֻҪܻȥѾҡ
һһǰƽϲͿ˺ҧ
ƺܿͷһۣϵÿʱͻϢһᣬۼһ𣬵ɢ֮ĵطͻһȭͷСĺɫʯͷ
һĹѾռʯͷˣȻֻȭͷСǧ
⣿˷׷״š
ʯͷȺ⺣ֵİְ̾
ĺ֣ѰȥǹԵһ˼ɼңٰ߰ףƤ壬ѾС
ߵ˵ͷԪ½½δ֮ǰȥңԶ̣ͨЩڳªľ޴ǴǶΪ֣ó˶ǧĴ󴸣սǿֲ
Σƺ
ǲһȻżһЩǿߣҲΪǣ߻ص
Ƶ˵ͷûȥ
ֻϹգ֪ϵٶȲ췴
ԼһգǰȻʡ
ͨȴ磬һɽͨϢȻһͷʬ壡
壿һЩҲͨʶǰ
Ƶʲã˶Уٵķɵһɽ
Ȼһͷʬš
ʬϴһĿףȫɫܲвħ޵ͼֻǰȴк߰˵͸Ļۣ·ˣ͸ۣԿĹ
ǹȴӨ͸͸Ŀ׷϶ͷųʯâ


167 һʮ
ΪԶʬѾƤѪ⣬ɭɭֹ¶棬ֹֻȴ˼ͷ­ļ׵Ҳˢˢģ
һĻƲ󣬴ǰ˼ҵսͷ­ָˡ
˹ǼܺĿףκһ
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ܿ죬Ҳ׷ɽĶһ߹Ǽܡ
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˵߹Ǽܿ϶񼶸ֵģʹϵĿˣܵõҲر
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СħŮ͹ƺҲܲԼ룬ͷɨӸԵˣĿԣ˭Ҳܶ
˵ƴ磬壬ŰɣϽԪ䣬һЩ̰
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·׼սĴޣãƵİҲͣһͷɽ֮С
ӣȺɽɽûʲôֻҪ˺ѷһֻħޣȻû⣡

Ǻܿ죬ƵõһʬͿ׵飬ʹ½͹Ԫ½һʱ䣬½˾κˣӿ

̴黹а꣬ϲʱ䣬ԣڵȫ·ʯΪۣٶȿȾż۷塣
ȥ·꣬ʣµĽȴֻ졣
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ųзɳһˣѪɷ֮УһóǹĿЩɡ
ΪʲôͻȻôˣоһֲõԤС


168 ħ
ӳյߣƶδ游ʮĹ⾰ûб˥ϣԵøˡ
ֻĿӷɡħĿУֻгޡ
Ѿﵽħ߼ľ硣
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ʱһħںڵͬʱԴŭķ
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169 ĺ
ЩˣŽĿ⿴游һλҪ뿪ģҪǵ˴ߣ
ôߣ¶ȻںħڱȻǵ뿪
а취˵գǵϿգһ֣ȥ׹ǵܡ
ֻ˫ֲӡв³Ƭ֮䣬ǵѾһ͸֡
ţ֣䱻ʹռݷԲ
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֮ԶɢӿϷʱѾ紵ɢҲ˵ߡ
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ħҲ¶ɫһ³ֻаƴСĻžƮϷĽ磡
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еƣʱŸոټĴʯҪٶ֣֮󣬲ܰǶ֮ʹ䴮
̧ͷȥһŻԼͷ䣬ٶȲ죬ȴеΣ
Żƺ޼᲻ݣκһﴥϣᱻֱκεĹ޷ı˶Ĺ켣


170 ֱȡ
ʲô𣿡ͷǰֻ˵̫𣬿ɫĻȴûм
һǹƽķĺס
ȻƵǺ֮󣬾ͷ·𶹸ǽϣֱɢ
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Ѫɷħһ֮οŲƣֱ͸ĺ׷ճĶڣ˽֮УƵǰ
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ȴ֣̽һץǴŴԪĴָͱ㵽УԪȡ£֫һԡ
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ħҧҧ޲ýһȥ˿һץе࣬˵ĺ׵ҿԸ㣬ǣҪŵԣ

⻰һ˵꣬ȴʹһ
ԭʯֻħ֮УȻ壬еʹħܸܵġ
ûʸҽĺҲԲҪʵʵĽң֤֮Ȼ𸴣
ħʱܹǼʹŭģҲѾˣΪ౻εסһСģпܱƸˣıҲԷӡ
ƽƻȻһʱ佫ԼȡҪȻ½նϣҲһս֮


171 ȼյ
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żҲֻǿӵһżķ涼ûС
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˵û𣿡ƵħĴԪ䣬̽С
ħԪеĶȷʵ٣һЩϡŹֵĶжʮŰ˼⣬ͽ׵һҲûС
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һƿһСڣħ𣬼˲ͷԼ壬ߺ϶Ϊһ
ʱǸ춼Ӳûȥһħʬ֮ɱ֮ʧȻڵأϲʦϲʦٴͻƣ
㣿Ѫɷħ뷢һƻԼͽ
ȴֺȻסЦСӣǲģһ񼶣Ҫ˶ˣϷͷħڱչƣϷͻ֮ȥѰ
ڱԵɻѪ棬ѾŭĵһƳ
һͻȻı仯˶ա
ԶԶߣɫ԰ףΪ֪ѪɷΪٴͻƴ˫˼


172 ټĸ
ħڵ˶춼Ѫɷʦͽ˵ǱȽ˽ġ
춼飬˵ټ٣
ǹʹɻѪ棬ԸʧȥѪɷ
ѪɷоΪ׽֮˵ıѣǰδеŭ𣬲ֻƵĽԽͻơ
ǣѪɷѾ٣ûƵĽѪɷʬͻΪ춼Ŀܡ
ɻѪħеһ׳棬ר˵Ļǣһ˵ľżǿߣ޷ֵѪɣ
ѪɷǾżڵǿߣʹʧȥ࣬õļֵҲ൱öࡣ
ֻǿʹ࣬ƳѪħɷʬ춼оԼǶԼ࣬ۼ֮УͿԼıΪۣԼǿͻƵżֲѪɷ档
ʬת
ħΪ̵һΪķʹԺҲ޷ͻƣԸַɾ;żǿߡ
ʱ춼Ǿż
춼ʧˣѪɷΪıѷΪ
ԣ춼ת˲ԣ֤ԼȷѪɷ֪ǹ⼤ŭѪɷʹѪɷΪ֣
ټ٣û˭֪
ʵѪɷķŭֻԴ춼Դƣֱȡ࣬Ѿʹоıַֻŭʹħȼ
춼ֻǼһѻ𣬲ʹȼ
Ѫɷ뿪֮춼Ķͷȴ亹˼ã˵λʦѾٴͻƣָտɴڻȥΪ˼һñ˴ţ
˷׷׵ͷ춼һͬ˴˵ء
ڸĬ
ǾʹħڽΪԪ½еĳ֮һʱͿԽԶԶ˦ˣѹ
Ȼ뿴־ķȴ޿κΣ
ʦô죿ҪҪץƣҲԼĵӣ
ҡҡͷħĶ֣ǽȥҲ޷׽ǾȣԼҲԼĸĸһǵģ
գĵ˵ͷ

Ʒ游游ûˣֻǾһήҡ
ȼһ̣ƾ͵ݸ游
ǽе鶼ģħԼˣȻϲѩѣ񽥽ľͻָ
ƽŲ󣬶ɣע⵽ˣֻڻǶֵʱ
һǧֻһŬһʯǶһſ
֮󣬴ɣֱӿ
˶ټڵĽڣʼ½Ĵ͵ǡ
½뿪ֵǧҵʯ֮еȫľ
ƽĿϣ游Ҳ뿪ɣЩ˻벻㣡
ˣüʵ
һȥڣȳĸǻûи飬ҲںὫǴ
ֻõͷǸطӭħ壬Ҷµ׸ԲҪЮ㣡
˵̤꣬˴󣬹⻪תʧˡ
Žֹͣûгȥ˰ֻ￴أһб䣬Ը⴫ٵҲԲ˵
ֲһСĴϿأΣ磬֮п棡
ȻҪȣǾúõĵȰɣҾʹһڣ
İһԶۣ
ԶɽأȺɽبԴͰΣơ
ڣȺɽ֮һɽɽϡ
һ£һƬĸɽȺڰڵĴӿ֮У
ɽŴ󿪣ûлɽ磬ҲУûд򿪣
ƽɽɽϣټҪҵԼĸĸȷʵôס
ܿһϲʯռλûһڵɣƼĸڹߵһ߼ˡ
ʯ󷨣ҪģһϢҲ£ֻҪʹĳط̽飬Ǻѷֵġ
ֳΣһƫһΪϵ͵ĵӣѯʵ֪Ƶĸĸںδ
ǰ㲻Ǻ͹ǰһȥħ𣿴Ҷ
һû뵽ԷȻʶԼûˣȴ治ɫĵ˵ͷȥƵĸĸ
ƣʻֻһɣȴȽϤܿ˵ͷ
ӵָ£ƺܿ˸ĸľ֮ء
һũҵĺСԺȴʯͷɣɽ£ǰһɽۣͨԶ
ɻ󲻽ĵӣƾƿԺ
Ժзǳɾž
ŵȴ˲ˣܿһһŮЯ̤䡣
¶߼ɵƣӱ㶵֪λǰк飿
δֻǾĿſǣȦȴʪˣ


173 
˼ĺ룬ʮĸĸ־С£
򸾶˼̬ɵɻ־ٴεǰôˣ
صĺһΣ˵Ǹҽݣл˵
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ȷ򸾶˽ֱ֮ӾͽŹˡ
˲⣬ȴҲûжʲô
ҪҪǣȥǵĸƴˡ
գȴͬʱ
ƺڻ䣬˵ʮİ
Ƽûشкʧٴε벻ǵĶƣ
ƣ򸾶ͬʱһ
ã־ŷʵСû𣿡
Ƶ˵ͷ
ڹĿɺãСüе
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ֻ־ȴ˵ǰȥӺ͸ף͵˽һ㳾Եɣ
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˵ţ׳˴ʯʼ
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򸾶˶ƵַӦ֣ȴʲôҲûʡ
գƵ˵ͷھͲ󷨣ֱȥǣǲ뿪
򸾶˵˵ͷ
ƿʼֲô
ҪСĶˣǲµǸԡ

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һҲڵЩը˹׷µʦǻˣʦҲˣ
ڵӷ׷׷գǺܿɻԡʦ壬ʦȥˣ
˵Ǹͷһ뿪ȥǣ
ףⲻʦղŲͻˣôڲŵѵǸı𣿡һɻǸղŴȥ־ĺ
ʦգҲɻʲôͻˣ
͸ղŰ㻹ҴȥƵĸĸ
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ã
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ȴ׼˫ֽӡһС͵Ľ˲򿪣·
ʱѾ˷ܣֻ˵ǺˣΪð֮ˣٲǿɾҪˣ
ǣӡЩħҲٻڿٵš
ò˵Ҫһȷʵǳ鷳κһɴʧ˵ʯҪƵӡᡣ
еΰüͷߺȻµĽȴԸӦټӡǰδбƵġ

Ѿ˷˹
µĽ磬ҲЩ˶ʱܹƵġ
ԣܿµİ֣׼ȷ˵Ѿڵĸ߲㡣
ͷ塣
ͬǷףۣƮݷǷ
׷һȻԣòȴûиı䡣
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ʦ壬ðʢΰУ
磿Ѿŵ
ȥɽ˫֮гһ˿ء
һ֣͵һɫ٣һ͵ˮƲ˰ͼΣۡ
֮ˮƽ
ˮƽ֮Уʱ󷽡
ȥˮڵص׼ٴ
潫գָһ졣
һӰײ˽֮ϡ

һըһƣɫͶ˽֮ϡ
һҧ˫ĸָǰ͵һơ

ɫ֣ˮĹ⻪롭
䣡
ƶʱ䲼µĽ磬ڱƿ


174 ĸ֮
ûаֱͣӾʹӷһ롣
һ죬СݺȻըʯɢɡ
̹˾ͷˮƽȻһץУ
ƣ־ץ֮ˣһʱɫ䣬ɫ৵һ²԰ޱȡ
ܿǾˣΪ⻹һƣʱ˫ֿٽӡ󷨣
ǵģץסץסн͵
Ȼ֣ҲûεıҪˡ
ƣԼķץסȴδˣͷҲǳľ㵡
ץУʹҲ
Ҫҵĸĸ뿪ǴӦô֮޹ϸҿԲ׷Ƕǵɱ
ǲӦأ
ӦôƱؽǲݣ
ҿһ˵õһʬ壬ֻҪ㽫ʬ彻ǣǿԷŵĸĸ뿪Σ嵹Ҳڳ֣룬˵
˵ɼṵ̂û뵽ǾȻǷһɫЦһ
ɱô˵ӣѵΪһ׵ķŹ㣿óʬ壬򣬽ղֻҪĸĸҲýˣŭ
ֻҪңҲڼȮʣƻɫ
ΰС£ǻǲڵĵӣǣǾȰĶӷֿҲһȫʬ˫һѴ̵һƸĸ
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ǽգȻѡĶӣǷݵı޷ˣڿƵĵһۣ򸾶˵ĵľֱӱ
ʧΪ٣ķ£һǵꡣ
ˡˣ
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ʯͽĸͬʱסɫ󼱡
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ӣߣ䰲־վֱ壬ƿ
˭Ҳ˺ǣ˭һͷұƼᶨޱȣ̧ͷ죺ǲҲҪҸǾǣǱҪ˿ҵĸĸ뿪
ƲòˣѾоĸƺڿʧһʱ̾Ūõģ˵ļ
ҪǣӣѾˣ־
С䣬ǼȻѾǵһ٣ͻɢߣСƿơ
ƷԣѾЦһƣڽóҿԾĸĸ
ģļȻѻ٣㲻ٻָˣʮǰƭǱɱ游ҲħɱĻ֮£ǵİţɼҵΪǱ𣬿ǣ֪ڵĹƣߣ游뿪
ΰ˵գһС£򸾶˵Ŀһ̼ᶨޱȣ˫Ҳһ

ƺ񿴳ʲô𾪽һֹͣ˽ӡ˵˸ĸм䣬ͽǶ˼סˡ
ǶѾѪɫһǵԺзɳƮɢܣ˷򸾶˵ӰЦЦ
Ƭ֮ɢʧӰ

Ƽ˹ĺ˳
Ƿ򸾶ȴѾϢ
ɿԳһıƣǱתĻᶼûˣȻ
򸾶˵ҲԽ䣬ҲڵѪȻָĸԼˡ
ԼҸĸôĸͲ
ʹҪҲѾˡ
ԭôױƵģ˻¶˵ѾԽ˵ġ
ɴҲܿ򸾶˶ưѾԽ໥֮ĸ飬ΪǱ˴˾ǶԷģ
ҲƽȴΪƵĳ֣ʹö˴󱯴ϲ˲ʧأΪǵΪͲߡ
ΣһƿԼˡ
һ̣˳ޡ
ʮĸ飬һʾܹġ
Ѫ֮飬Զ޷ġ

ҧ쳤ХһĿͷϵʱŭ˲ȼ
ȥ
ʯŭһԪطӿˮƽ뿪ɱĸż̺˲ͽˮƽ֮еľȻԪظɢ
֮˴Ԫ䡣
һ̣ʯͱͬʱʧ
һеɫ䡣
ر壬ˮƽǶȻôıƸȡˡ
ƲûиǳԾʱ䣬˲ͳǶ˵ı˫ȭֱȡǵĺԡ
ÿٶȣ˲ƣ𺳣д˵ͨ


175 ׷ɱ
ɶ˱ϾѾ䱸ҲѾ򿪣˲μһŲơ
䣡
죬汻ǰ壬ƵȭͷȻûлǣǸȴǵĺԣʹһѣ
侳ƻǵԺ
ʦ棡
ڣ
ڵݵӷ׷׸׳ɽֱơ
ٴʧ
𣡡
һ޺ɵħ޳ʡ
һͷ޴ʨޣѾǾż۷壬˵ӵ޻Ѫǻʨӽϵĺ½ֻһͷ
õԵΪҲ޿ܣ
ȫ죬ӴɽʨͷʨβȫȴƬ΢΢һ죬Ǵ׳֫һӴС
ֻһɫߣվ˳ȥ
ƵαֳȻһ
ʨޣȻԿƵֱӷ
һƺ⣬ʯԵֵһķգǱͲУֻýʯ϶Ϊһ
ͬʱͷ˵ĹѾˡ
ֻһſɫ˿⣬౵һļƣɫ롣
һ˦ۣһתһȸУһһ쫷ƾֳЮʨ³ɫ潫ĸ
㣬Ѿܡ

ɫײƵԴϣûдԺ
ȴûа˺෴ܵ˼ĴˣȻûл룬ȴ͸һĪֱʶռ䡣
·һɫ磬޾֮У˲
ʯֻо·Ȼԡ
ӵмǣ֮£ٴռλǹ֡
ֻڵǹȴѾ仯ǹȴ˽⣬ǹ֮һһȽϹı
һȴһϽ«ҲǸϽ
ȻʱϽ̫ϤҲֻǿһˣ˲䣬«Զ룬һɾ޴Ͻд
Ļ߱ͬ©еɳٵϽ֮ڡ
ͬʱǹҲѾ룬ֱ塣
ϽôĪħڵˣ嶢ϽɫȻæ̧һ֣ǲǹһץʱһֻɫָ˲ǹһ࣬һѽץס
屾ٴȶȣȴһĲӰĸԣһ֣ǻûвĴ͸ȥˣʯȫԪ䡣
һƣѾټ
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֪Ҳߣڱдѡ
Խˣ̶ֻʮ꣬Ȼʹﵽ˾żľ磬һһżķ൱żĴڣٶȺ֮˶أĵˣ˷ʤ
ڴʱĻɽѾǱȽǿ󷨣ͷ忴Ƽ뿪ɽ
ʨͨԣŭһҵ㣬ƸղڵλãŵصС
ʲôصˣͷһݣ
ڵصҲûʲôôΪصͬ󷨣
ܿʨ޾ʹǵ뷨Ѿӵ֮⡣
뿪ɽˣܣһ˳
ʲôƿӻɽ󣬿ʱ룬ӴԺڵÿһ˯ʱ򶼱һֻ۱һֻۡ

Ǳץס˲ǹҲ֮飬ɢޡ
Ȼʵ壿ӵɵԲ
׷Ҳߣٺһ
ڼ㳲ʨ޵ָ£׷뿪ɽƵ㼣ǵķȥ
ʱƣʯûлָƾ򲻸Ҷսģ˵һż۷ħޡ
ֻǱٴŸĸʬ壬ҲٶĶˡ
ľż۷壬Ȼһ㣬ҲǾżڣʨޣ׷ܿͿƵӰ
⣬ǻѶǰΧơ
ŤͷȻҲܷǣħļĿ츳ѾóԿЩԭǵ
Ѿû·ˣҪٵķǣֻˣͨ롣
һħ˵֪ԼϢҲ׷ɱǵʱֻܵˡ
˲Ϣǧܿ죬ƾһ˵
Է˵һǽ׷׳շ裬һǿĽѾʹ
ᡭ
һٽ֮оͽ֯һŽƸС
һ̵ƣ侲࣬˫бŸĸʬ壬ĽԼֶûκεη壬սƥ
һţǹʹĿâţƾƿնէһ֣ײһ

ǹһ֧һŲѹĽ
Ƭ֮󣬽ȻѹһѪŸĸʬ͵˵صס
һΣƳȫǹҲǵı壬жԷ֮£ɡ
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176 ͵Ϯ
ڵصף׷ˣʨơ
ص׵ȴƣֱǿȽյʯ㣬Ҳ޷¶ֹ֮ͣĽĸʬ
һ᣺ӲТҲΪǱֻȽǰպ񹦴ɣڣΪǱѩޣ
Ϊй¶ƣʧȥһ˫ףԽùµ
ȥˮڵص׼ٴУͷ֮ϣȴǱص׷ɱ
ֻǵٶȣȴԶԶƣƷǣ̤봫ʱȻסˡ
ߣвʡ
ʱ⣬Ѿۼʮλ֣ڵڽ֮⣬ʨҵ㣬ǣԾԾԡ
ڸһͬɢ׼
Ĳõģǲ
ͷ죬һݣȻҪҾͲˣʹܰȫ£Ҳ֣
ָֻ裬һſ׳ǲͬĵص㡣
ĵĴ󲿷ֶǵͼ߰˼ȴʹõĺ١
ǧ߼ȥԼռģλӺѪɷһٶŰ˼Ҳȡ
ʣµȫǧš
ѾƵȫƸˡ
޷󣬿һӡһһ½½ƺϵĹͬŬ³͡
޷֮ǰԸ޷ֲֻµģǿ
ڵˣȻ͸о类ˣǣ֮ȴֱǣŲ
ʹʹٻƣҲ޷ɢ
棬ǽȥѾڵĵ
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Ѷڣһ֮˵ϵǸԸ͸ǣֻҪɱƾУ
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Ļû˵ֻȴܲµ
Ⱥ֮УüʱΪӣѾ֪ƵĸĸѾ˵ϢƱǣ򲻵ѣԸΪС
ԣŵӣ˵ڣΪʲô̸ܺУǲ׷ɱҲҪΪУǸ𣿡
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ʯѾתѣվڴһ˳˼
ȻǵĸֶѾΪʲôͻȻɱڣ뵽Ŀһ˿
״̬ƾǱ˵صף
ԥ޷ƵϢ谭ߣԣһ뿪ʹʨҲûܲ
Ǳǧڵصײһֻһ˴͵Ķ̾봫
ţһǧҵĵصףֲһͬĴ
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̾ҪﲼõĶ࣬ÿһԣ¼ֻϣңܻ᲼һʶ޷
ڸʱڵܲͬ򣬲˺üڵɽڲҲһ
أ
ƴӵص״ʯĵŴ򿪣񱩵ɽɽһ֮ϡ
ҲֻϧػڵΪߵҲֻ
Ȼǧˣлɽ󣬿ǣЩ˵ͬ衣
һ֮󣬲ƼΣһȽĴ
һ£ڶڵͼһͬԸƣȴһ֣һǧֻϡ
СǣǳԸɽɽ֮ϣע·


177 
ȺϣǸ弶ħޣǿӲ
ԣˣһټħ޾š
СȴΪעŶӵĺǿģһģɢ
֮ڣɲֻ˵ӵģдɲҩǸרЩöԡ
żһ³ԱģܵƵԣ¸ּɶ顣
̶̵ļӣɽɾͱ˼ˣ٣֮һ
ΧλһƾȻܵڣֱۣһιȥ
֪ͨЩûеڵˣȥڰæʨޣȼٶȷڡ
ǵټͱЩشǴ͸ƣһ޷֮ȥƵټ
ʨ޶ûа㷢֡
ֱͨص״󣬴͵ǧ֮⡣
һ˸޼˵ӣλɫࡣ
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ǧӣʣµĽ˰٣˰˵У뻹ǵͯ켶ֻʣһٲ
ȫű
ܣܣȫɵۣš
ʲôҩ԰޷ȫ٣һ
˵ôģô̵ʱ䣬һˣѵ˰ֲɣץסһѾŴ˵ĵӣ
ϣϣʦʦܶϸˣ
ϣҲֻħޣǶʲôԵģ
٣Ҽʦ֣޷ɱ
弶ϣж٣
֪٣һǧֻ
һǧֻš
ǴʱǸȴѾҲǵĶԻɫηʦ壬ȷʵһǧֻϣȫ弶Ϊֲ
ô˵޵һŽ߷˳ȥ
Ҳͷˣףһͷ߷ɣȴһ㷴˼ûС
ˣˣĻˣɸҲˣȫˣЦȻˡ
ʦ棬ǣһڵģǵսûʧǵɸĶڣ߰˼ɻкܶ࣡һ˵
ǺǺǡΪƻʹ˰ˣȻһģսˣݵսɽס˭񼶸𣡡Ц
ǳ׵ĺˣȻ˵ˣ֮Уͻ˽һ棡
ʹºֻ֣ɱˣڻһͬ˵ĵɸһͬٵͲٴĻᡣ
Ȼüͷһ壺ΪôħޣʹǣҲһӵô࣬ˣҲħˣֻһߣ˵߿ѱħ𣿡
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ѵƺħ޽ãǣͶ¼䣬˸߼˭һԵôħޣص
ģȻɴɻȴҡҡͷ
ʱһʺ缱ٴжʺ֮ϣλ۵ľż֡
˶˵֮󣬿ɽ龰Ҳüͷһ塣
ܵѣһѣˣһ
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뿴˵䣬ܾʹͲȡһ
һɫСӣһģϸСػƣͲӿֻĴС滹һС
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ܵ˵ͷƾѵĿܣʹıҲԵֵ߻ӵĹ
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Щɢ֮оһЩģ˿档
˵ͷ⿪һ֮󣬴ɳһȺө߰ʮֻ
ЩɢȥƬ֮䣬ʧ˵ߡ

֮󣬽󣬽Ųƣܿͷǣ룬ȴòײµĴƵˣʯȻ࣬ʹʣһ㣬Ҳ㹻ˣ޷Ҳܿ쳷ȥ
СֱӾ뿪Ƭ
ֻȥ֮󣬾ͽСеʯɸɾˣ֮Ҳʧޡ
ûֱӷأöݷٵӳϽƬ֮ǰµĴһһɡ
һ·ٴ̤ççȺɽ


178 ħ޾
ڣǴϢǵĴѾʧټһλ߼ӣ
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ܶ׳߻ӣλżΧŴ߻׷ӡһ˴߻֮ϡ
˫̫ѨỬɫĻʶǣע뵽˴߻֮ڡ

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֮ڵһУ˵Ժ֮з
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ұΪ߼ħޣֱƽʹֻܹ֮ԹԵͶ

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˸ߵĶ룬һҺֱơ
ȴһӣֱӽҺȥһӰ˶ıӶ˫ȭһ͹

һ·Ѿǲ嵽ױȶħˣȴֻȡһֻʺԼħޣħ֮󣬿ʼе츳ħ츳
һҲʹٶࡣ
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Ҫħ޾ţҪԸڣΪ˲ýԸ塣
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ȻдһѶϢǰոѱһֻ߼ӥħޣħתƣмż˵Ӱ񶼱Ƶ֮С
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ÿһ磬ȴˬѡ

Ʒŭ˼㣬һĻĻԼĸĸ֮ĪĽԼŪطתѪҺУٺȻըȫʼð
࣬ڲһԲĻ档
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ڵЩˮݡʱԮٵ쵽Ƶ֮С
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180 
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ĺڷƣˮҲԽԽ࣬ƵķŭҲڳţԱ಻ԼĻĲֻˣĺײŻһֱ֮ڡ
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һĺ׺ȻɢһֶģʶԷѶ٣һĺ׾ܷѶ١
һĺ׿һǿľš
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181 ׶Ե
ǲҸִ͵ķУҿԸǣҪȸҹ¿ͷÿ˸ҺүүõĻǿĴӦ
ƣ𾴾ƲԳԷƣ㲻ǣֻŮӻǵЩҲһˣΪܵ½ͿңڣˣԪ½㣬½ҲˣΪŭġ
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ץ˱ʣ֪ƵĴ飬ȴ֪󵽵Ūġ
Ҳǳŭ֪ܴﵽĿˣԣҲûȥıҪȻˣҾͻĻǣ÷
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Ӵƣʹż۷ħޣҲ֮ΪУ׷ɢȥ롣
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ץټ˵ЩоӦû飬пܷʲô顣


182 ֮
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޳ȹٸ죬ˮһ㣬üɽĽë΢΢Ӻ·ɿԸоĻ壡
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183 
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ҪˣһңºܴܴҲû׶֮أߣ
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ǺǺǣǲħˣѾҪģǱ뱻ĨɱģϷ֮ǰأҲΪǸ󣬲֪Ū󷨣ȻԽ˴͵ǣٲ˵ҿҪҪԿͷˣ
룬ʹҲ֪ܣһΪǱģ
С˫ֽӡֻ֮ڣȻ͹˼˿ߣֱ̣ͬӾĴ֮С
ʱ;һɫʹ֮
˵˵ٲ˵ĻǾҪɢˣ
֫ҲȻȴ޷ʹࡣ
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ڣڲŶʮ֪꣬ʲôЩˣ㲻ҲѾʹǶʲô֪οҪĥ
Ů˲ͬ峤ӵкܶܣֻԼ֪ˡҲ֪ΪʲôʦɣΪŮˣѵһ壬һϵӣԶΪ塣֮Ҫʹ꣬ҲֻھеĴм䣬ִУֻ峤ֱϵѪײŻӵУ
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ȴƺԸͣĿ·ϣô帮֮ûĳҲΪûܵõ֮ǳֱֻ֮ϵѪ׵˲Ż֪
ʱѾʹൽ˼㣬оԼ·̲ϵͱʼ֧顣
ѽͷ˫ȫɫ巺˰ɫĹâ
˵ɣֻҪǴܣܣͻɣǰɣɲ˵š
ȴԽԽǿϵİ׹ԽԽʢֿʼҲ
߼ˣǷϲΪ֤Ĳ²⣬ڣһشеܣڴе
˫ֽӡͼӹ࣬Ѿٲ
·û֪裬ֱ죬ףȻͷų׹⡣
ֱ͸֣ߵ֮С
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184 ƾԮ
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һУһԳȭͷײһ
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ͷɫĽһȭơ
һЦûжҲӶȭͷӭ˹ȥ
ڽռˣϾȻЦݣΪȭͷûУȻֱӺƴܲЦ

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˿δǸߴ׵ĺڽȴɶȥ첲һǹâ顣
ƾҲԲͷżħޣԴ౻Ī֮ƾͷԼʹʹκε侳Ҳƾսʤż֡
ʹʯҲһķ
ڽյɣսĽƵһ㣬ֱӾ̤˺ڽյıһȭ˺ڽյ֮ϡ
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һȭֱӽڽյԴ顣
뱨ĽɫһĻȻͣգҿơ
ǺڽյȴȻŭҲкڽգɫԳħޣΪԼħҲڽգѾʮˣû뵽ȴȭɱ
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㣿ɽʱŭ
Ƽˣȴ䷢Ц


185 ߵ
ɽŭƵļƣĺϢĳ֮С
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ôǿ࣬ԵֿĺףʹɽǾż۷壬ѾֻһҲԵֵħĻ档
ɽҽһͬҴ⣬ûеֱӾͽݳ
ڵĻѾ˸̶ȫɷĩνҲκټ
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ҪԶҪ̤ǣһɱһƵΰȥ
ܵٶȸǼӿļ֡
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ڷɫϿһЩη壬üͷ̽ɺã
һҪˣ
ʱұػԽȳ
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֪ɷԥãվû˵Ϊ֪ħôͷ֮䣬ζǲܵˣ½ļ񼶸֣Բ̤ʳǡ
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תԣԶһ֣ٻӰǵߡ
ˣƿ˿
Ů˵ͷǶȴǸ֣ʵνǵջٵģ
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һ֮ǰֻļʦôͻȼ
Ҳֻ߼ǸոͻƣҷҵԺкöǰûйϢҪúõУ
ãôһһҾ൱ĸżټҵʮħޣһǶ˵ĻǾĲʲôԹˣ
ǣһ񼶸ô죿ǻħ֮𣿡ǵ
ħ֮Щţĺף֪֪游ںδü
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游ץʳˣ˵Ǵ游ϳʶô֪ʲôħˣڻص
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ֻѩɽȵҶȴǰ˲ժһգֲֻµģʱǲʲôˣ
Ҳüʱе˴ҲֻƣĹ̶ƸҲôߡ
ĴԪ䶼ˣұչһգ˵ڵĲƸѾࡣ
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ĵģҲ񼶸Լ鷳˵ڵƵ½ĹУ֮أ
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ǵ䵽ģУǺ帮ôĹϵ


186 촫˵
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ȴĬȻĵ˵ͷ֮꣬ڣĿԳǻͲõʲôˣˣĴмûйǸ飿ʮһūĺǶ
ҵļУսˣԣߵūսҲڲͬ򣬲ݴмأҵǺ񶼲ĻӦûתһ죬ٴν䣬ˣ»صǵ磬ǵĵˣ
ƷɫԽԽϣһֲõĸоԼţôܳΪ˵ūأôܳݱأҲ֪ļٵģʹģҲܺԼŲŶԣ
ȴûע⵽Ʊı任ʱɫѾ䰵̤˷䣬Ժ֮У̧ͷ죬ԡ
С䣬ܲܽɢȥ뿴յǶ
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ĶŮҲ
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ȿȣĸǾȲǷ޶ˣǣߣҲȽΣǣ粽뿪Ժ䡣
Ҳûǣòײۣ嶼ѾǼΪ
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ҺһȥҲһȥģ
У˶˷ףӦúжˣ
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һû׼ԺԵְɣȷʵûôĸ飬½˶˵ħҵĻЩ죬׵߰ɣ

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һ֮ͱչˣΪΪҪȶԺлĴмҪ
ƴ򷢻˻ʳǣȻƵĻ˵ϣԽʳǵ鴫ѶΪǰ׼
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Ƽˣȴ֣Ӳһɳʱ׸߹Ҳˣ


187 
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㣬᲻ˣ̧ҪȥĶͷ
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ԽԽ꣬󲻵ѣֻ򿪷ţԼСԺС
ѽڻµʱ䣬ٲץСͻΣԲҲٺˣҪʵֻҳˣܱܱȫǣܰʵ룡
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ʲô龡ܸҾˣˣѾ游Ϣ游ȻʳǣѺڻʼҼ֮Уֿأüͷ
Ŷ̫ΣˣС䣬Ҵ㵽ʱһȥҪÿԳ񣡡оԼѾһЩ״ˡ
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һΣôףֻǵõһķҴһ뿪ǣȥһˣסһֵɭ֮У˵һ񼶸֣һôһѣһֿҳķԸԸһȥ֣
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188 ˫
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԰ϴҲǸ˵ҵ帮˻ˣ궼һɢһͷˣ;ȵǿôߡһץסӣǰɶȥ
һͣƵһǣȻֻӣǣȴһů
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Ҷ֮ˣΪʲôܲܿģѾȷһ˫񹦣ֻ³ƻ֪ǱҪԱ
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ŶƵҲûʣ֪ẦԼֱ˸С
ˣųһȴһЩжóʹҩǶҩֻҪһ仰ƺҲȥ
סƵ֣װķգԶһɽȥ
ͷϲͷһֹ֣⻬壬ǳֻǲܣʹһɽ
ɽƺ˾סģʯʯ
㣬ôطƷǳ֣Ҵɽ
ûˣһҪ¶ޣʱϢһϣٻȥ
ţҲãƵҲûж룬˵ͷ
ϵĺϼƺһֱûˣķʯ棬Ҳ֪ǹΪͷķ٣Ȼ䣬ٲ㷢һƬ⻬ĶӣɵƮӳ붴еص¹£˸޵ԡ
ʱϵĺθǽ׵ľȾ˷ɫСɱ㾧Өѩʢˡ
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ԽƾͷԽҲԽ̡
ȵĿ⣬ҲɬȴȻ߹ǵ˲ժ˼ӡ
֪ƵҩѾʼˣԼҲҪֲסˣҧ촽ɬƵϲϲӣ
˿Һһ¸ɬĺ˵ͷŮˣ
һЦ˹˵ЩƭˣҿɲԴף˫񹦵ķɣգҪ˫ޣ


189 Ϲ
˫ޣֻоԴģǾܵ侲
˵ͷ֮壬¼䣬ҲûôʺϽˣҲȷʵϲ㣬ϲϲ
ѽмޱȣ뵽ϲԼȴæͷһֱϲֻȴһֱҿڣ
ԸԸȥ˫ޣƺڶϴЦݽĶơ
˼ͻȻӿ죬ֻòɵŮӡһֱΪżŮǰһЩ
òʸųһ˵ĻһЦ̤ʯ徵ӰһѤõõ廨˲֪ɷƵǰ
ƶѾڿ¶ֱУټҩãʹǷ飬Ȫӿӣٵץס˫֣ƿԷģ㣬ԶĶã
֣סƵ촽֪ʵ֪⣬ֻǣǰԣǸʱҲС㣿᲻ˣ
᣿ҵУԶƯģ
㣡Цһ̺죬Եˡ
˵Ѿڳߴ磬໥ĶŵԷĺڼֲסһѽڻоǽ΢΢һ̲ס۰⣬˫һʵʵر˸
ӦƵĻƻҲʼڸƳҩ֮ǰҲѾȳˡ
֮ҪԣΪ˰;ϣκĻᣬ¶˾ģҹһҪΪƵŮˣ֮󣬱ӡ
̧ͷɬԼ΢΢ĺƲһڻҩ֮£
§޵Ľͷںڵĳ֮УƷǵķ㣬һִе㣬ƣδ͸顣
ƵһĵŮӣҲǶưŮ֮һûǳ˯ʮѣҲûڵơ
Ҳûƣûʮ֮ѡ
̻֮УƺѾע˶ڻ¡
ɵۿ˿ˮգǲҵѣΪ˵ȴŽգǰĪֻΪŸ
룬һҲ׵ڻˣ˫۽رƵţС䣬ҾãΪŸˣѾעǽһԺһΪΰľ
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ƱһǣʱֻǴħ˵ĴΪ㣬һеŮӡ
סǽ۵Сܱ˲䲪۷壬һ˫־ϡ
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ϵĻһЩ֣Ǹ߹ŮʣȴĸԸİԼľժ˷ܲѡ
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ڣ޷ֵˣϾûо£ȴѾǵһˣ˺ܶľ顣
๫ɵ³ô֣鵽˼㣬а󡢿󡭡
һ๫Ҳ޷ˣȥ⿪ȴչѾԶ䵽˵ϣϽһ£۱ȣ޵˼
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޳ѩ㾧ӨȻɡ
ʵѩȻͦ֬ΪۣƺԲ֮ϣɫѩӳ֮£˸˵Ĺ
޳˫΢΢պϣΡ¡һSߡ
ĿѣԣȫѪӾ٣ʹ񼶵࣬Ҳ޷ˣ޲ǰȥ§ڻУúõĶһ
Ǻ죬һ˫֮Уһ㵭ˮ𣬽ֹסĲš
ֻоѾ˻棬ֱʱףԭֻǷŭ鵽Ҳֻͬ棬ֻǾǲֻ֪ܲĺס
ʱﻹȥ˼Щѳܲס͵һ±סǽ۵ǻ֬°ͣͺȥ
С뿪ϣֵƵ룬ӭţݺ˱ſ򡭡
˶Ѿ鵽˼㣬Ҳû˰Կأȫƾĸо޲ýԷ壬ӵš


190 ˫
˻ƴ֮ϣ˫ȹιϷѾˡ
ƽ§ǽˣ·һѽյСһƸеһ˿ʹȻһЩдϢ񹦣ǶһҲҪڣ
ڸ۴ĻգһŻæת˻ϵĹ
ܿ죬˾ܸоԷڲϵĴһů໥ţŹϵת
һʹö˸ܵ˶ԷĴڣ̩ͨ泩֮꾹ȻԶˡ
ƳҲħ飬ǷֻǴʱﶼʵ壬壬Ҳûнɡ
һһڶ˵Ϸ໥裬ͷʮɫĹâҲһ㣬໥͸룬໥
ֻǣȴܵͷһΪβ˴˻ᣬħأ
룬ˣϾʯû¿ϢķɳƵı壬ٻ˽ʮֻ츳ϸߵħ޻ǣֱӾħ˸Уһһ
Ϊʱ˷˻棬ٶҪ󳬳ǰʡٱʱ䡣
һУʯǱƵı֮ڡ
ϵ˹֪࣬˶ãͬʱҸ滺ֹֻͣǵĻȴĲš
໥̧ͷֻħ飬΢ϢƬ̣ƱֻһЦ㿴Ƕûæأǲϰһ£
գɬѵ͵̧ȭƵϣ㻵
ٺ٣ұͲˣڤڤ֮춨ʵʹ첻עҲ취׷ֵģҵӣʹϲԶ޷ıˣԣӽ󣬾Ͳٹˣκ˶ܰҷֿ
գһж֪ƻе˼ָǸеϲҲЩĵ˵ͷ
ȴѾֿʼ֣˱ǸƻҪֱܿĦһ顣
ȴûٴҪϾǵһΣƴµʺɫֻ֤ã˱㻺˯ȥˡ
ǣǵħ飬ȴĻƻš
ٴʱ򣬾ͷɴ·ʯ֮ϣ˫΢գȻԪأֻͷ
һԼħҲգӦ֮£ϲѣħǣﵽʥףħΪһҹ֮Ǵﵽ˼
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Ϊħ׳ʹƵΪҲµҲѾ˾żмľ硣
ͷȻûƭң˫ȷʵôҪԺÿ˫ޣٺ١аϲٴ͵ۿ
ƺøӸ߹ҲˣңƻвϵĴˣĴѹ
֪ûг񣡡аȴҲʯдˡ
ӴԪȡһ·뿪ɽɽܣΪ
һȣա
ڰ糿ճƺȻɽ´һŲϼâɢ̶
ƶһһֻ׵Ĳɫˣڡ򥡢߾걳ȸһβʮɫգգݡ
һ˱˫ָƮƮڷ˹âӳ֮£Ůһ㣬߹̲סذݷ
ֻĿͣӺջĿ⣬ƣ𣬹ճĻߣ˻ǡ
๫ŸʲôƵĶ䡣
ŷӦæĵ˵ͷһԾϣֱӾͽ˸ٺһЦžǿᣬһ
һۣҲ˳ƵĻС
ܿͷƲʵˣǴ־ȻĦͣɵõĽȥҪȻøõȼˣڶ֪ˣ
ʵ֪ϲˣһа⣡پȳ̺游һھ뿪½ҸطĹӣһĶͷţůͷЦ
üͷ΢˼һۣӹȻģ
һոսƾͷԼѾģˣǿռ·ڲͣˣƬ֮䣬ȻǵϿա
ÿ죬ǲѾﵽ񼶣ʲôӣжǿܸܲʾһ£Ƽ
񼶵żϣһѹȥżͻ걼
˵䣬Ѿ½˳֮С
һ죬û뿪ǣֱһ֮Ʋͬ£һͬħ
ڣ̳޻һʱ䣬񣬱Ŷһͬȥݷħ񸮵λǰڵѾ㹻ʱħ񸮲ٶԸƣͬҲΪ֤ħ


191 
ԽСĴ£̶̼ʱǾħ
ħ½ҲǰĴڴ½ϲɽ磬ķҪԽɹ
ȻйλȻȴħ񸮣ħĹҲħ
Ĳ֮ͬ洦ɼħޣħļС˶ħˣӵħ飬ȻҲӵħޡ
ԣʹ½սɡħޣҲȽħ
ħ֮ڣָħ
Ϊ˲̫ħ֮ħˣּٷаʱǡ
ͷ˿¥ߴǧףҲףԿһۿߡ
ƼΪߴĳǽͨĽܣ֪Ҳ½ĳС
ǽǶģǱһ滷ɽƽԭֱħ佫ܵĻɽ˳ǽиĥһЩͰ۸ߣķϰʱ䣬γڵģ
ǳеĽö඼ǸݴħƵġ
ħи涨ħǲɱģر츳ȼߵģʹɭеħޣҲɱԣһ̶ϣħħ֮ĹϵΪܵġ
¥ֵҲǳĿ洦ɼСħޣЩħ޸Ͳˣ׵ģΪ˶
ʲôѼ֮ĶҲӦоУһЩ˵˻ò˵Ǹ漣
ħʹʮһϣҲʮֵĿ㣬ǰﵹʮֵİ
ŵģΪ弶ħʦǿ֮ɫһ䣬ģֻǣǰһȴ֪һͬһ˵ħޣ˫Ҳͳ˳ˡ
ȥͨһǰ˵ǰݼһ
ڲ֪ɷʱ򣬴ԺоͳһλϽ۵ˣϷο·Կ˵ݾһ㣬ΪҲѾﵽ˾ż
ŵĻæʩ
ǵʱˣߺǶԷģرǶԷ޳εĳ࣬һӡ
λûῴŵģһ˫Ŀ΢΢ɨˣЦǺôĵӣȻɱܣͲĻǣ
Ҳеģձ֣ӦýһĸŶԣһȥͨǰҿԲƽǰ飡
ЦĻ㲻ƽϣħ񸮵˼ƽϣ㲻Ǿż۷壿Σ
ƿ˿ֻüͷס֣˵ΪǰѵӦĵԸӦ𣿡
ҡҡͷӦ˯ʮ궼а˯ˣԼȥɣ
Ƶ˵ͷ˶٣Ŀ̣Ҫ֣Ҫдд裿ҿɲұ֤᲻ᱻ𣡡
㣿Ȼ֪ƵرĪĻ棬Ҳʮη壬ʱҲƵħˣºƺֲԣΪƸûħơ
Ūƾʵ£ҲҺƽ֣ŭĿħ񸮣ȻҰ
ߣԺ½ˣȫǾżǵĳӦúͶֵܣ˲һţ׷ŭơ
磬˾ƣܵһָơ
һ꼶ϳӥĿӥǵעơ
ֻһĿ⣬ƾ͸оԼˣԷиһӥƣͷ·һֻ׼׽ӥ
Īħӥһӥ֪ͨӥ츳Դﲻʥֻʥħ飬ż
ڣϴĿƵŲħ񸮵ڻ壬ΪҪһħˣ
ħ񸮣ҪΪʲôħˣħˣһۡ
Ƶ˵ͷħֱ壬һͷ˫ľͳ˵ǰ
ʮѹѾˣһͷʥħ飬Ҳ¶˰˼ħʦΪ
ħ飬ݵ֤
Ҳҵ๫ԣÿ˵ɣҲȻ򿪣һдһֻʮɫķ˾Ķͷǿѹɢ
ǰ̨֮վŵֵܼˣɵɫ䣬ͬʱһ
ǣ˵ߣ
Ƶͷһǣһǣ˴̤ħȥ
˲õԣͷ̧
񼶣΢΢һͿǻɢǾԲҵ°㲻¶
½ʮ˿ڣҲֻвʮλ񼶰ˡ


192 ǿһ
ЯṲ̊ħ񸮣Ҳʹħ޲ʧ롣
ſڵֵ໥Ŀ˶Էһۣ˼ԣǸô죿
Ҫܵˣ㣬ܣȥĸͷϣ˼ҿԸְ̧ɣϴ
ǣǳ游ˣҲ֪ô޸ˣ
Ժ󲻵ֱĸãϴѵ
ޱȡ
Ҫˣĸ񣬶ħһϲ£ħĽߣΪĸڣҲһ˵ģȥ֪ͨܵħ飬Ҳĸ
ȥˣǸĬĬֻǶͷȴ麹
ֻ֣ħȷʵһħޣһͷ
ָ£˾һ޴ʯǰͨʯűԶˡ
̤룬ƾһ˯һͷħޣҲħޱȫصļ׿ǣ׵β޴󣬶ͬشſڵϣһһ䣬籩١
ͷվһˣĿߴ󣬰Բٸ߸޽һЩ׷΢ЦŴˡ
ǰȹһ
ƺҲѧŹһ
ǺǺǣû뵽ôͳˣλķɣЦ
˵ͷҲ֪Լʹ˵ķŵԳ񣬵ƣҲҵ˵ģǸħ޽Ǹӣ
ӣٴδЦ
һ졣
ƣǼС˵ħ񣬰һˣ֪ôģ
ƼȻʻɫȴǳĺƺû˶ײײӣͽѪɷõĺ׵齲һ顣
ĵ˵ͷԭˣܷҿĺף
Ƶͷ־ͽĺ׸˳֮ϡ
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ǰСͻǺѣʱԵ
ԭˣָЦƺѾ˴ţǻаơ
ǰһϣΪ֤һ£֤ƲħҲħ⡣
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˵Сӿɼ񵽱ˣ㲻ҪԼ̫ˣȻˣҲһˣһȥʳǣȥҵǸϲĶ
ллǰˣһһ帮飬λֱϵѪ壬֮ڣӦҲԴﵽ񼶣ܵ
ŶһЩԾĿ
Ҳ󷽵ĵ˵ͷ
ðһңˣСӵħ޽ţƺҲ⣬ϷһЩĽˣС
ǰͱЦˣҲһЩΣ벻ȻĬһ棬ײײӵǰǸһһ֪з̡
ƾͽ̵齲һ顣
գʵǵĹҵǸ񼶺帮һֶͬԸǣ
Ƶ˵ͷϾո̤񼶣һЩģǰܰһΣм
֮һԼܲ켶֮ͺ켶һ㲻ַ֮һ㵹̫ģոճ֮黹֪Ҫ˶ͻˣ񼶣켶ͬ磬𣬾ҪΣھߣ½ٳһ񼶣ҲǽʮĴ£֪ͨ񼶸֣ôҶȥʳǣΪһҲ˽һ񼶵磡
лǰл
һ˴̤뿪ʯݣͷҲ֮ʧһڡ
ſڵļѾڵأ̧ͷ
һͬգʳǷȥ
λ񼶣ǳ׵ûʲôõǵˣȻϲ׵ķֻҪ񼶲֣µľżֺºˣʳҲδɡ
ʳǽֻ񼶵ǰҲȫڣһֱӴӻʳϷɹ帮ǰ񼶵ʶ帮
ǿ˵帮λϾѾͬʱɫжһЩţ񼶣һλҪǣлһǵĵ


193 
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ǽȴдرǵǿǴų޵Ŀ⣬и
ƴϣֶϾȻҲڣҲͱȽɻΪ˵ѾٵˣΪʲôڻվ
˵ˣõǣֻǵͣӵ飡
帮ųһֻҪ񼶣ôƾϵı£Ҳһս֮
ԣǵĿܿͷϣϿҲǲμ˵ģ
û˵ֻƵ֣Ƶ̣λϿͨ
ͬʱ죬Ǹ֪֮飬ȻƵ˵ҪȢ̣Ҳûе¡
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ư˰֣ˣҲúǷϻֱ˵ɣҪȢ̣÷̳͸Ǿǽǿм޸Ǹ˷
ᶨɫϷ׷üͷڵѾͬˣϵȶֻʹܼ壬ҪǣͻȻŮӣȻ֣µģҲƵš
Ϊһ帮ˣǷǳһֱϵѪ״򿪴мζʲôֻҪûĸ棬ֻҪڲǽȻ
ţƻ˵¼䣬˭һˣ
ʱĸѾͬʱ˳
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ֻǵȻǣ֮жһЩζһӦƣͷȴޱȾȣλΪʲôƳˡ
˫ôվ帮ſڶҲ¶ɽЦǰλǰҲ룡
ʶΪȴƽ֮
ҶûжĿڶλϡ
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δ䣬帮ǰͳһλɫ۵ߣ׷ͯգ̬΢֣Ȼû©ȴһλߵѹƿˣͷޱȳء
ңⲻǸΪһ£λħոս񼶣ܵ
΢΢ףûжԡ
ʱӰ˸˹ҵԣһһŮ
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ŮȷʵǹѾﵽ˾ż磬ֻȫɢű˵ĺͷ֪ʱѾɫ·һ˪
֮Ǳ˫ʱ˸Ĺâһ˫Сֽ߬ţƣֻ͵͵һ۹ңǿĿͣǣֵϣ΢΢¶һЩ⡣
һһŮķӦˣüͷߵһ¶˵⡣
Ǻܿͼװûп΢΢Цǹϲϵˣħֶһλ񼶣ֵأֻǣǽ帮ΪΣ
ɾˣƣǲҲ˵ɲʲôħ񣬶ħˣҲķ
һ仰˵ҵĿƵϣǷĿ⣬ʹƸֱӡ
ּܻż۷ĺ󱲣Ҳһ׼˰ɣҴã΢΢Ц
ⶼϸ㿴ˣô˵أҶһĽһˣ㿴˼ҷ򸾸ãڻǣأһ񼶣׼񼶣Ҫ˰꣬ӦöΪˣվһһ࣬Ľ
Ƶĸоȴں͹ҽϾǽԼһˡ
Ŷϵܵ˼ŮҲ׼ඣҲû¶ȣһЩЦζĿȴϡ
ֱϵѪף΢Ժһ
ǹգɫͳ˫֮¶˼ֵ⡣
˭帮ֱϵÿһֻһһȴһΪ񼶡
һڶﵽ񼶣һħ񸮵ˣζʲô
ħ񸮺пܻᳬԽ壬Ϊ½Ϊǿ
Ҳûͣת帮Ĵ˵ղҴѶ˵Ҫҵĺ󱲹˷δޣ
գæǣһűҪǽ̣
ŤͷᣬƣЦ㵱Ҫˣ


194 
Ҽ򵥵һѹƸоһͣ
ˣ΢΢ǰҵƸлصǰҷѾ˽ãֻ帮ȴ̹ôһֱҷ빬ǰ죡
ŶҲ˵˽Ȼ˽Ǳ㲻Ϲأ£ǱҪĸ֮ң̺͹˷飬ʳĻʵ۵ּ⣬ѵ÷ּ̿𣿡˵˻ʱɴ΢Ц
ֻ˭ܴĻ𰸣ҵڼӵķ˷̺֮飬ûȨĿġ
һͲǼ򵥵˵Ļˣǣ֮
ơħ壬Ȼǻ壬ãǾ͵ħͷЭǣ⡣
Ȼе˼ɵüͷҲ뽫ֵ̫󣬷ҪַҲûʲôô
ʱڣЦϸ磬黹Լɣô˵ּأ˵ˣǿŤĹϲ⻹Ҫ̹˼СͶϣʱ޸˹˷ԺҲǲ𣿡
ҿЦϵܣɲô˵̺˷飬Ѿȫ½֪ˣ帮ͻʼͶģһСҪѷ̴ߣûʼҽԼǻʼҵδ棿ȻҲǻʵۣ⹬ҵ黹û棬Ҳ͵ڴ۴Ӻζֶۣ˵ȥİɣ
üͷҵĻȷʵ޷ɵõĿ˿ơ
ɫŭ֪ҪβܷẒ́ʲô
Сޣûκο̸أԣȰ㻹ģ
㣿ƶʱŭŹҡ
ǰԴСˣҲʮŭ
ԴСҴЦ֮ɫͳĿҲࡣ
ͱð͹ҵƲϵĳײţ˭Ҳ˺
ȴ˽ŵ֣ͷһЩǣΪԲҵΪƺҪ߳һͷ
ȴȻ˵ˣǰ帮Ƶ̺͹˷ĻԼҵΣ
Ƶüͷһ壬帮λϣ˷ɽϡ
㲻ÿǣ˵㣬ΪֱϵѪףҲΨһĽӰˣдʸˣҪҵҲ棬ɽλϣ˵ĶԲԣĿͬҲ帮ˡ
仰˲Сĺ䶯帮˶ʱƿԡ
ȴȻ˵ڼңѾǣǸĻ
ѣǱ˼壬Ůڵһҡǰ飬ģԼ̣ȱҪ¹Ů£ŮʱҿԴǳ֮ȴĽ٣ҵ·شŮļ磬Σ
ĻһڣͷһĴͳȷʵǱŮʵ߲֮ô帮Ҳûκˣеˣع鵽Ů£ҵ帮Բʽ
λĶȴһ㻹ΰǱ񣬱ʹҪͶЩħܵأ
ǲͶħҲʮᷢҲ֪ҼȻѾ˴м䣬ôǾͱҪΪΪˣۺʱεضҪصʹԡá
Ҽ帮Ѿû˵Ѿо˲ףڵ˼˾Ͳˣ
ǰĹΰʹߣȻֻūͣǣǰȴƽȵģԣ㲻Ҫûвǡ
㣿ҵŭ𱻵ȼˣȴֲò˵ʵ飬һ̫ˣ㻹˵һЩΪ
գ治ϾǾ빬ǰҵĻԼ˷
޿ܣʲôˣǡɨһû˵ȥ
ȴüͷ
ƣ˵㻹һħ񣬲տȴҲǾżɣҲ⣬ת˵


195 
˫Ʒζе˼ûлػ
һ˵ҲǾżʦǷ񣿡
ʦûдﵽż
΢΢ͷ㻹ħʦ֪
˼
üͷħʦʦ䣬ʹħħƵǺη
ʻҲ˵˼֮ǰû⡣
帮ҲǸࡣ
ȴ䲻ȵʵƣڿԳķ˰ɣ
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ߣһһ˦ۣ˹ҡ
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帮סˣ׷׽Ŀλϵϡ
λֶڿŹңȴڿƣƣ˵㻹᲼һ󷨣Խ˲͵֮Ĵ󣬶Բԣ
Ƶ˵ͷ
ܷǴĲ÷ң㽫ַңôҿԿǽ˷֮ĻԼ
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һڸʱ֣˵ǰŪһǽڣŵֿ˹ҵƱȡ
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һֱδƷζղŹҺ֮ĶԻƺ滹һЩ֪ġ
ǰԿ˼ֻǹǰһֱ̹ͬȻΪκ˶ҡ̹ĻҲԲκεĲ֣ǰкԧأƿ˵
ƣҪ񣬸ҲҺһӮˣԸȢ̣һֱڹδǸӢӿˡ
עԷǹ˷
Ҳҽҵս
Ҿ㲻ҵĶ֣Ц
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üͷԹ˷һٶܲ⣬帮Ķ϶ƵĶֿ֣ܵƵħ棿
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գھ;ս˷ҲңƾȻ
㣿ŭǻʱҪӡ
˷ҲǺʮ㣺գ
˵꣬ȷա
ȴЦһһſڣһźɫ³˾ͷźʧˣһ̣յĹ˷Ȼҽһ
׹䡣
һƵĻ棬֪һ˷׹գҲʧԭأ˹˷·˻Уһ˹ҵĿڴ
ɫʹ಻Ƭ֮һźʹؿһŻ棬˹ҵģһš
㣿ħĻ𣡡ҺüĿҧơ
Ҳüͷ壬Լĺ׸һɴ
ŮҲѾͶħ񣡡ŭ
üͷ壺ħ治ħ񣬹ǰҪһԸ֮
ããҲһԸ֮ҿൽʲôɫܿ԰ɣ
һ֮һӰơ
ƾͷǰȻһǧٸһͬԼֲһһǼ٣ȴԼѾ޷ˡ
ǰס֣ȵɢУƺһֱˣбһƵǰ


196 
䣡
һ촫ƵϣͬʱɣֱֵľͷֹͣѾǰ֮ˡ
һң˫ƣȫһɽɫĽָ䣬һɫĽֶȥ˲
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һŰѽƺܣŰѽ֮󣬷·潣͸ķ壬ʱһͣ·𱻴͸һ㣬ʹһ
һѾǵǰһӣһǿͽƸٵŲƶȥ
룡
һƼγһһ֮͵˹ҵͷϡ
壡
ֻϧոϹңֱɢΪӹҵкȻĽ飬̶ɢֵԵķݱ׷׻顣
Ҳ㵽Уַ·ӥצֱƵĿڡ

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˫һû뵽ƵȻ˼ӲһȻûЧ
ָ֮ϣâ·צٴ롣
ڲҪһֱδĹܲסˣĶٺȣһɺֵ֮ƵҲһס
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˫ϵëȴ׷룬γļ꣬ǵأƿѾҵ·
Ҳҵٷ裬˫΢΢һǼײһ

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С䣡ƵԣȴһĿѾһ
С䣿ٴξе
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ڰУĽŵ³һֱ׵ľ޿ӡ
ƣھ޿֮УݺݵĶŹҡ
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ڣҪŲƵƵǰ棬˫չƻ
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ڣѩѾҸģУⲡҲҵĲ򣬻ڷŹкᣬҲһЩ
ϸ磬˰ɣҲŲƵƱԣͷҡ
ڻǲˣҷ·Ԥһ㣬ûټڳ֡
αغһ޶أ֪ϸҲɱҲܻţϵһӣϵҲɻδ⣬úõ̸̸ɷ񣿡
Ҹӣһɸӣû뵽ҽ̵ʮ꣬ĿоȻСӣѲҲϲҽԣʵ
ңʱ˵ϲȴֲΥģʮǰѾϲƣʮĿޣΪټ
ǺǺǣˣƵʲôãħʦŮҵλ׼񼶺ҲϲǸӦҲŰɣҺȻЦ
ƣû°ɣǰǸ˵Ҳƣȴְдƣ⹬ͷȷʵǳûҪɱ㣬һҲ㲻ʹҳ֣ҲһʤòҪУɶ
ֻĶŹңȴſ³һ««Զ룬һɾ޴ͷһеĺ׺Ȼʧȥ˽˲ûϽ֮ڡ
ϽѪɷʲôˣ
Ѫɷҵĳˣô㻹֪ʲôƲ䲻ĻصڻŹҸղŵĹޱȣƺÿһȫԼʯƵˣҲ֪ܲ޲á
ʻʱҲԣһץסһֻ첲ʯҲǰ
С䣬ķѯʵ
ˣʯصͬʱһȻԪԶᣬ˿׶λãƵڡ
ֻȴʯºѸԭˣսҲˮ


197 Ƽ
㻹ӲҲѾӵħĻˣȻʦħʦ䡢ɵĽ壬ʹٶħкηҷ·ûһ㣬ֵһѩѣ˫ָһһ磬ų
ƺ˼ʲô
ãſһҸһᣬֻҪһҪôҾʹӦ㣬ٹЩ飬Σ
ߣǰҪĲ÷ɣķܸ㣬һѾʹߣʹõǴΣ
ķƶ֪ΪǿӲ
ΪϷ򲻸ɱ㣿ҹȻٴαŭ
ҵĺûг֮ǰΪɱңʹɱңһҳ֣ûв´ĻҵλڣӦþλͽɱɣ
ֻʲô飬Щ飬ҲǴмеĶ
˵λǿе񣬵ǺˣΪҴû˵һֱ˼⡣
Ӧ֪½֮ʲôɣ֪֪Ϊʲôˣ˵һ˵صĻ
ͷǰܾܲҵһ㣿һһȰҵˣ˵ǵ񣿡üͷ塣
һЩίĲˡ
ƵĻ˶һ㶣ľ޴ĶҲ˵Ĺעһᣬǰ;ۼ˲ٸ֡
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ʶ˶֪첨񸮵񼶸ְ׷ˣıʲôѾ֪ˡ
Ҳ˼߶ֻǽȴΪ񼶸򶷲Ųò֡
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һˣȴԵñȽᣬΪһ࿡ݵӣɫխۣϹҰ壬ţȱˣڤ񸮵ǿϣҶߡ
һҲûٴˣʹٲˬҲ˿Ц˵۸
˵½ߴ˺񸮵ûе֮⣬Ƽڴˡ
Ҳǧûз顣
Ͻ˵ҡһﵽ׷ʲô飿ڻʳ֣
ǺǺǣ빬ϸָָ󱲣ⲻǣλҲˣıҲ̫ʮǰħλСһǵðɣλǰִǰ˸̨ס
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ʮˣ񼶳ˣֵԺɾˣֵЦ
Ů޺СʱҺ񻹱ֻϧļ˱ħȫɱһΪҲѾˣ첨񸮵İ׷Ҳ¶˼ȡ
ҲЦӴԺ½ͻжһˣ
ȻҶ½ĵ˽ٱҪȥС
˵ͷǵԼˣֻҪﵽ񼶣ɾҪ˼ҽһ񸮣ʹһأ֪㽫һ͸λ񼶺󱲣ʵ
Ǵ㽨µ񸮣ħסҲܹ⣬ʵ
˿ƣ΢˼Ƭ̣ҵ빬ǰɹ񸮣ϾҲҷļң
֮⣬Ҷ֮һЩ˺Ǿ㵡
ǶƼΪĽȢһ񼶸ֵţԺ½Ժˣ˭ǣ
񸮣Ǵı־򣬼ʹǮٶˣҲܳΪ
üͷѲˣһ뵽Ҫ˶ҲҲпܳһЩһҵʱˣѵҪʹ
˹ҵΪѣٴ˵ǰһ˵ĸɹҷԭɹԽɹʹ͸ǣڵʱҵķҵҲ֮Ҳʼʹ͸ǷˣΣ

Ⱥ׷ȻĿҷ׷ײ²ѵĿԳһŮѵҲܳ
ȵȣ˵ߵСӽҲܳ񣿻һŮޣôô϶ɫԵüΪ档


198 Ҫ
ҷǻĵӣ߼ʦ˼ħʦż䣬ǿħĻ׼񼶣Ȼڻ£ãȴֱϵѾǾżʦ֮ڣȻΪʦ͵
գɫ׷׾䣬аѵҪˣ
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֮Ҳһü
ǻĵӣħĻǸƣ첨񸮵İ׷ƺʲô
£½˻һĿģ²ʲôħ񣡡ƻæص
һҿ֤СȷʵǻкܴԨԴҲʲôħ񣬴֮ǰҲȷʵһЩˣҲӦǸǣ
֮ǰǹˣҲһڳģһľΪǵ֮󣬻᲻Լ鷳
帮ĶϷ·ʲôЦħǲ֪Ǹ游νͣĪ߼ħҲм٣
գǰҧеһж̨棬ԭֻҪڿѾ̫ˡ
ŪڣҲʹͷ̵鶼ʱ鵽һˡ
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һҲΪ½ĵˣʱ򣬼ʹԼһӵ񼶣ҲƬ½㡣
Ѿ˼ˣ᲻ץסԼ
ǣѵͷ˺游
ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲô
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ܸоƵ񼶵Բͷųеɱ⣬׷üͷ
С䣡ƵĶһ
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û˺ħ˺½ĹǲƵģҲǿѹ¶ᶨ־
գȴӿʼڣ˫ûдɰ㹲ʶǷ̣й游飬龰ʹ˵ٶҲá
˿ֳ˳͹Ҫǣ֪ԸԸһ𣿡
Ҫߣ͹ͬʱһ㶡
Ƶ˵ͷǲ̸ˣ
תֿǰлˣͺӷǣ֪ǰ
ͻȻľһЩõԤУеˡ
ղŻ粽ã˿ȴȻһǧֻҪͷԵ˶ΪʲôȻ̸ףǾͲ̸ˣˣԺǾԺ㣬ֻǵǸʱ򣬿¾Ҫֵ¼ˡ
ѵҪһƵħһ𣿡ѾһЩаˡ
ʹһȫʳǣȫɱҲͶԷһζ񼶵ˣȻһΣʹǲͶһһҲԲǣ
ԼԼҾѾͷųɱ֮ǰֻǵˡ
ɱܵΪǿߵļȴԸӦԼܲ
Ҳʹ˶ҶĬȴֶ


199 ֮
ǺǺǣô֣һЦȻƴ˳ˮ̶Цһ䣬һ̤̤壬̬㿷Ļߵһѩѣͳ˵ߡ
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Сһٵˣһӣ˫ֱ󣬿е̣ͷһվƼڵĴӱԵǴʲôأŪôһӣ
ǰǣŶŮڿն˻ԣվһ࣬΢ԥһ£վǷ˹ҵԡ
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ҵɫԵ÷ǳأͷĳʱҪ磬Ϊɲ⣬аȻû񸮣˼֮⣬û֪Ǻˣǣȴ˿ӡ
΢΢һЩЦݣһصϸ˵ﻰղ̸ֻһЩˣ
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ҶʱһͣϢһЩ
ˣҾˣʲôСƨ㽫ǸϱҪȻϼһҲˣֱ帮ϡ
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⼸ħ񸮵񼶣ҲһԼûҲ˵绨˵һԼУǹҾͺпܳװˡ
ݺݵĵ˵ͷЦŻţһֱûлд裬֪ܷдһ㵽ΪֹΣ
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游ǱҪߣҿ㻹ǲģҲǧ֮ɽǾʳǵϷߵͣΣ
˵˻ѾɢյĿ˰ɢ·ƾնһƬȻԪر˺ˮǿƲΣȻ
ջǵ棬˶оһͣ·ںףǿѹʹǲòȫֿϵֱ죬·ʱᱻѹһ㡣
û˻ɣıȫƣ΢ǿһƣʳǶܾ޴ѣΪƽءѹпܵġ
һЩĸҲĻ̻̣Ŀڷƣ֪˺ηʥ
Ҳû뵽ʵĻȻҲ˰Եһ档
ô֣㵣ʳǻᱻ٣ҵǺϣôģҾʳ˵ȡƵ游㿴Σ
㣿ˡ
ȴһЦǲ˵ҾȻһضұͲأΪǵģҵġ½ɭôҲܣҲ룬ǣҵˣȴ˺ϺҲⷢһƢҵĹأΪʲôҪĹذ£
ϯ޷Ĭˣ⻨ĺʳΪƽأҲ޷ܣϾǵĺ󱲵ġ
񸮵һ֣Цϸ磬ôŭɣһħ𣿹ңͰ˸˰ɣѲ㻹Ĵʳǵ᣿
ŭͣȴҲһ̨̨ףȥɲԼ»Ϊʳǵľ񣬳һˣ


200 ּ
һԶм˷գٵ
˼䣬ѹƵ游Ƭա
游ƷգֱӽķסˣԵԶȥ
ʱɢȫѪಿλһ˿ڣ˿ڣ·޷ϣһֱѪ
ǣƵ˼䣬Ŀ˹ҵϡ
Ҳû򻨻˵ƺͷ̵飬ϷҲˣλϣ㽫ҲɣԼѡ񣡡
λһЩԸ⣬ǹҵĻȴܲһɽûˣͬʱתȥʱ̾͸ǵ󣬳˵ߡ
̵ĸͷԳ˲٣һ޶Ǽ٣һļ£ɢļ·һ㣬վﲻΨļֱ˵ܡ
һƵ㷢Ʈ°üһ˫Ŀϸģǣ筵촽ʩ֬۵֬ļۣ޳һȻ
˼ˣ޲ݣ˼̣ǹ˷üĿһ
ޱ飬ƽˮ޷ֱӣκ˼ˣҪСһ˺ĴһŮӡ
νǣҲˣֱٴμ˷̣ƲźȻףΪιŴΪһЦϷˡ
ĿԵʱ򣬷紺һ㣬һ磡
һжûб仯ֻٻӰ鳲ƮƮ·һӾͷɵǰͶǵȴʮĻ
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仰ķɾˣ˭磬ÿһ඼Լ񣬿ȴһֱãţΪǸ֪ʲô
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203 
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204 
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205 õĹ
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206 Ը
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СǿˣңٲжһǸ𣿡ƶʲôо˵ȴһɺӹ³Ȼ룬ֱķθ
ţͷһѾֹͣķӦٶ࣬Ѿȫʹ˶ľˡ
ȴԽĺ䣬԰¶Ȼ֮࣬УǻƮƬƬѩ
С椻治һƷģҪʲôֱͦͦţѾ˱һҪ˯ĸо
Ź뿪뿪ƵĻƾͷֹµϣӲֱͷˣѾһ㺮֮С
ˣˡ
ȴסˣŹԼ⣬٣ڻָ
԰ţжŮǣ̤룬ĵһĻһ㵣ɵôԭء
ѩá
𾪹ѩȻס˼ܵ˹ź͵
㣿ԹΪѵѩҪȥ
ãͽӾǻĴܲŹѾˣٹһʱ䣬ָ߻жŮأҪץѩ
㣬߰ɣֳͨ˳ѩ½
ڿɲߣδޣôӺӦǸŶԣȻҲǽҵĺýãȴ۸ҵã
ǣǣС᲻˵ģΪѵģ
ҵĺãģѩ֪Լõ̫ᣬҲᣬֱӿ첽ǿ˼
Σֻøڽ
ʵͷŮʮĺ˪֮࣬Ѿһ룬ڸյӣʹô׷ֻ֣֮ȴֲ֪ݸ飬֪ȥйҵԣԸԼԶĳ˯


207 
˫ŹգֻǸ޷ƤΪм仹һ㺮
뷢ѩһĻȴҲסˣµôˣ
ûлشһֲõԤУĹǲɱˣɱˣǿɾˡ
֪ˣղźοôأοൣߵŮԴף
ȻǣΪҪװ
ƴʱ޲ôԼ⡣
ʱҲߣɻĿŹġܡС磬ô£ôˣ
ųһŤͷ˿ŮҡҡͷҲ֪Ӧǹ⣬ôˣ
ֻ⻨԰СʱǾģǿɲǹ͵ǵģѩ˱һЩǲǸղԼ俿ǵû
λǰƱ˫ͻѶ
ʱλǵ񼶸֣ޱȵķţŮҲ˴˵ء
ͻһĻɫҲ
ԥƬ̣˫˹ϵĺԪƼ˫ƣǺٵڻš
ǣĻ漴ϹƤʱһɼٴɢǻ濿
ã֡
˻ʱڶ޷ջٵĺǶôǿ
ͼԵʱ򣬻æֹţѾͷӦѾˣ⹦һħħĻ𣬶ȴǺѾܳܵļޣʹԼ⣬˯ȥҲʮʹĻţͦһأҲܳ񣡡
ͦأ
ͻԶΪҪԼܸ棬ҪǿйĻƻ壬һҲƻ񼶡
֪ʲô֮
ҽ㽫͵ʺպȻԼҲҪס˵˵
˼ĿƣĻû˵ȥŮȴѾܲ³ΪʲôҪȻһŮӵģǻҪĿеǸˣ
ߣ֪ƭһŮӵģˣðĶˣô죿ѩҧгݵӣ޲Ƽš
ȻԸ⿴Լƣȴֲ빬ʹˡ
㣬㲻Ҫ˵С磡ӵĳ˳ĸ첲
ʱ̡ҲһĻȻҲǴͰΡ
ƣ㻹Ÿʲô㽫ߣСӣ˵Ǹװ˷ϸҴˣϸ뵱ƼǧǻǷģżʹԺĶȢˣϸʮ֮һ
仰ǻܴƵġ
ϸ磬ܳ񣿡ҲܴͬҸô죿
ܲܳ񣬾ͿԼˣĳ⣬ܻܲھ൱ڳ˯ԶеģֻҪѣ񲢲ѣ
ڵ˵ͷ˿ˣͽ֮أҾˣʲôǿҵķ˵
С磬ҺһȥץסƵĸ첲Ůǵʲõģ
Ǽ֮أҶԳܣڼһ𣡡ƿ
Ůͬʱ˵ͷ
Իһۣű˹ıڷɶȥ
С䣬СһЩ̧ͷߺһ

ȥͻȴҲͬʱŮˣҲûʲô飬񼶣ɹҲᷢʲôԽ顣
ãܸܲңղŵô£ѩ
ѩ˰죬ſ˵ղţղҿǣڽǣ֮ͱɱˣ
Ůͬʱ㵡
̾һΪʲôҺСˣûбɱأ
Ů뿴ȥ
̻æͷȥͨ죬˫ֲϵİŪԼȹ
ʵͲֻҪܸо쬵ĺԽǿԽ䣬Ӧòַһǣڽ͵
ԣ񲻶ôѺڣʱҷƺҲһ㶳ˡ
Ϊʲôѽǹ͵ǽǣٴɻ
ѩ˵һ죺ǽֻǰԼֵЩݣֻϧ
˵꣬·ֹ£ѩỨеһ컨һЩȻ˵ӣԭԼļҰ
Ը⣬һֱסʹ֮УЩݲҲģ΢Ц
ҿɲңһҲԳߵѯƺõ£λ㣬ûкʱóɻ飿ȫµ˿ɶ֪δޣѩѾ¶˼ڲˡ
Ҳƻ᲻ȢԼãһڻ飬ʱòҲҪ͹һˡ


208 ̵
ȴû⣬Ŀͬʱϣ˸͸ҲһˣǷ͸գʢһ΢΢ףɬ֮΢΢š
һֳϱŵӣʹѾǵһδ򽻵ˣȴûаѻ
ʱͬʱ˷̣ÿһŮ·𳤱һӶŮͷͬǵ鰡ҪԼŬֻܰ˵˵ûǿ֪ǽҲûСйǻʽأ
ҪôŬ̵ɴ˫
˵أ
ǲǰԼ׸С磬С֮󣬾Ϳˣֱڿһ
ŮգɵÿֱЦһʱЦ绨ݺݵڷ̵ͷôһ¡
һ뵽Ůɫȴ

ƴŷ̵ıٶȼ뿪ʳǣ򼫱ȥ
Խƹ˱ľĹȻ򱱷УŰ̹ǣһƬ׵ĻѩһͷĿԣȴһ飬һϧ
ֻǣĿȴһ
˽һѩɽϡ
ʱƣҲΪһ񣬺ﵽ⣬˸ͨ͸궼һֻ˯ĸоģħˡ
ԶԶĿȥα໥Է롣
Ƶ˫Ѿ˹ı档ƾĴ˿
ݶÿֱ֨֨죬Ʋ³һʹ˱ҲҪڻˣûҵ㲻ܾô
ܿ죬Ҳ˯ֻܴѶʯҪȻҲ᳹׵ĳΪ
֪ʱʯϵˣʯȫƾǿ壬ټǼƵ񼶿ףǿ֡
ǱƵıȴ޷ΪƵÿһѪϸƺҲͱ⣬빬ıںһ໥һ˫˵ܡ
ô죿ʯΪˣҪǿеĽ͹ֿͺпܻƻ͹Ѫ֮˹
ģѵû취ˣôȥҲҪˣĿɲǺֹܼ֮ȥһ̫أҲˣǸô죿
ʯ磬ػ壬񣬳ü
ĺףĺףֻܿĺˣʯϽϽͷųһЩԪء
ЩԪأԭƴʨȡģȻҰ޵ı壬գѾû취ҪƱС
ԪӿϽʼǱѪ⣬ʯ֮£Ƶľ֮С
һһ˫ش̼ʹƱҵĲһ£ҪǿѾˡ
Ҳʹѣʶ󣬿ʼܽ⣬ħҲָ˹ʼ
ĺ׺ܿ챻˲Ƶ֮УҲ֮ˣָ
ȫ𽥵Ļָ֪ﵽ⣬ʼɢš
ʯˣûƵı֮ڣʯƵıɾʹ󻺽ʹ࣬Ҳֹͣ˻Ԫضڵķա
ǹɱ֮ȴʹһЩķңæϽգŻָǡ
С椣ҪְҾͲţҲȲ㣬оһҵǲǹ̵ģƱֱ飬Ѿ˹ı֮ϡ
ʱѾͨ죬ĺ׵ķ֮£ʹԽԽߣľǿ
Ȼĺ״ˣö֮Ľϵĺڻ˲١
ܿ죬빬һȻкӿȴûоʹ˷
õһ𣬶ȴõ»Ҫùĺ
ӵš
ˡ
ûֻ

꣬ѾֽľѾ˯֪ԼѾȫ˹ظϡ
Ͼûдﵽ񼶣Ƶĺȴħ棬ʱһãȻռϷ磬ټ£˹ڡ
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ȹ̵ţټҰѩٴˮ
ˮȴģȵġ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪңΪ㲻ϧԼĸԸһ𣿡Ƶķϵ촽ȴ
ǱƣȴȻһֺº͵ǣͲԴԼˡ
ϣԶ
ֻǹ̵ţظϣʹĸоָоʹɵĶڲԣòƣС䣬㿴ѩ𣿡


209 㶵ʲô
ˣ͵˫
ҲҪһҪţҧҧ촽³һ
ţѾڻˡ
ڲ²ǻˣֲţֲΥڵ뿴ҵĸĸô๬ҵ˶ɱˣĦ
һ𣿡ƶŹ˫˵սڴߣŵԷĺ
о飬ɬĵͷȥǣ˭ҵĸ͵ˣԴӺֿ֮ҵĴûůÿһ̶Ǳģ
أǲѾůˣ΢΢һЦڹǸʵظĦһڹϵĺѾůĸо
ĸоֻһһûֱ
㻵ǻˣ˭гңǲǲԸǻ԰ţҴģʵҲͦϲģԸҪԶԶ
ŹƺһЩ˸УƲ˼٩ˣҲȻˣǾͿйϸ˵Ժܳ񣬳֮ӦþͿԿƺˣ
һ޷أ
ܿԶһѡɣ㲻ǵǻ𣿵ˣԺǻˣٰҶɱھô˯ȥԺ˭Ұ
˭Ҫ㣿ĲǶħˣһЩǡ
ʲôħô˵ģ
ʲôħǿ½Щˣ
˿½ˣһЩȡ
㲻֪
Һʱƭ㣿
Ϊβҵڣգգۣȴ˼ֺ飬žͽƵϡ
ƼһĻڳһ֪ǳ׵ĻˣʻҲƶһЩ˽⹬ΪθԸԼˡ
ΪΥҵȴֲ˺Լì֮С
Ʋ𣬹ȴٴ˵ʵҲŲ㵽ǺˣҵУƣֻһ𣡡
ǸʵôѾͷôϲңҪǲԸ⣬ҾǷһˣİɣԺ㣬ôвţԺ͵ҵ鷿Ѿͷɣû°ĥ٣ٺ١
ֻҵѾͷ̧šϡ
ѾͷȢ԰ɣ
Ų޸㣡
ǺǺãǻȥͦİ
Ҿůôĺ޹˼ɵĺ㱧ţõı˴ţѵ𣿡
ȴǳ̾һܸܲҵ׷ʲô飿Ҷ˵ʲô
ԥãŻĽҽơ
˼ϻģ벻ͨôĵطΪʲôҪηĻͳ߽ŵôһԳط
ѽҲôģ˵䣬Ʒգ˵ȫں֮С
ѾͷղǲڹҵĻ˵ɶܷˣƺơ
ڹĴ֮£ֱĹڣ´ﵽϣ˲ֹͣ
һƬɽ֮У䣬ϵĺѾʧȫޣһЦˣͨˣ㣬㲻ǻˣʹǻˣҲĸԸĺһǸˡħҾһħɣҾһɣ˹Ҿһ׹µԺԶ飡
ƣĿѾۣ˸Ĺʡ
ƴˣ˵ǲǹҵģ˺أޱȸж˫̧𣬽˱ڻУȻе䣬ƵȴǳůҺεºܣǶģ
һ˳ƵĻУϾȻһĨΣϸϲ֪ƵԼλá
˶ͨĸо֮ʱ͸оһӲסԼȻ䣬ȴܸо˴Ƶһů̲סɻС磬ϴʲôôȻһӲĶ
ƾ޺鲻ԽⶼɣֻܺĻصһǹûüԪ䣬С֮󣬷ſڿ㶵ˣҿǷǳŬϰǹģȡ侳񣡡
ŶҰó˵䣬̽ץȥ
ƱֹȴѾˣץţȻ·ȴҲʹӲסˡ
ȰǹǲǻԪأСҲҪ𣿡̵Ҳڲϵ
ǣܿȴͨ͵ջǸŮӣǰƽӴʱƶʱʫԣһ˾ӷ緶ҲˣŽס
뵽ƾȻƭԼȻֶ˵ǹ΢˼ﻹףѽһУһ˫סգһ仰Ҳ˵


210 ô
ƵƤܺ񣬵ҲһЩΣЦǸ鲻Խ鲻Խ⣬ƽʱġ
ϾһδµŮӣӵǣԳ֮ΪһˣڲŻȻѣǲԺԼҪǸأ
ԺҪȢң᲻᣿
ѾˣߵպθͮͮģҲ𽥼١
֪֪ɷʱȴֺȻ˵ˣղŲ˵Ҫ޸ҵԺ֪ģ
ѽҲŲҪˣڿնȥ
ȵңһӺͽסˣڸղŹľУİҲ̫Ρ
ǹȴ֪æ˫ֻסԼƵн㲻ң
Ӻ濴˫ߺ죬˫ͨ͸̲סͺȥ
ѽ
ѾĹֻö·𴥵һ㣬˲ͱ鲼ȫƵֻ֣Сϣȫϵķˡ
ңҪæͼơ
ȴĶ˵ˣûз֣
ң˵ߵĹЩſң
ٺ٣ŲҪұأ
ûûг֮ǰǣǲ̫ܣ⣬ǹĹأоƵ˫ѾСŲظϣĲ
оԼԽԽȣ֮ǰֺĸоѾȥůȻߵĲ֪ȴַǳָоϣǸ˸۰Լ
ƵѾʼɧС椵ƽʱȻ̹ǣȴ쳣Ҫ޻һ㣬žһγԣƤ˿
ڻ΢΢ˣ·ʱڻһ㡣
ģСƣ㲻֪͵͵
һ̲ҪʹùȻѣŵ͵ǰƣмС磬Ҫ
һĻǸȴҲǿܷչֵزĽȫ򿪣ԼѰ˵Ѿˡ
ǣǻȥɣңҾãҿҪˣҪչͻ֮٣١£˺㣬ڵĺ˵˵ţߵĵͷȥ
Ϊ飬ҲͲ˼׽ŪˣǣѾС֣ЦţģֻҪ㲻벻ֻҪԿģСʲôģ߰ɣǿȥڲ֪ˣ϶ܵĵģ
ţжһͿǣԼ뿪
˼ٷأǽǵĻʹ֮˶ۼ
֪ԭѾ˰ˣڼҲûʲô£ɹŮ֮£Ҳûгʲôӡ
ϣһЩΪˣҪȥһأ챻Сһ˵ѾûкͶŮЩˣߵŮԽԽ࣬Ҫ˶öŮģǿɾͲˡ
գԺ䣬ȴԺвûʲôˣѾҲһڡ
ѵھޣ˵ĻҾͲˣ룬ûʹԪ̽飬ϾǻʹûʲôҪ飬Ҳʶ
֮תԺȥ
ʱȴһŮӵĿ
ٺ٣ѾͷԭûоޣڹҵİɣһңƻһЦתأƿ˷ţ̤ҡ
ǽɴǺģԼԼԿһ˯棬ֻñӸסա
Ҳûж룬ֱӾȥԼ·ɴʣ˽ȥ
һ㣬Ʈǿף̲סἸűӣֱӾǽ֮ϣЦûң
Ǳȴû泯ӣƷתӣ£ȴɱűˣЦأղŻԣٺ٣
˵Ц䣬ƾ˱ӡ
һ̣ƺȻ͸оϢһЩԣʹԷϢ޷Ĳ
еȴ͵תһ仰Ҳ˵ĻС
̣𾪵Ĳһг
Ů̻˭һ߻ȻɵŮˣƵķ˿ɢڴͷ˫ȭգܵڵǿɰĽݣӣѾߵ̧ͷˡ
ôôǰ̣ץס̵֣
δȴڹƣ߷ŵķۺ죬ڲϵļԲѩȻȴɿԿͦ뱥ֻΪɬΪ΢΢š
ۻ޳ȣ΢΢պţԼԼܿһĨݣƽСźһһȻǲһ˿ģ˵޾Ĵ⣬۵ס


211 
ͼν˼㣬ƴۼˣɵˡ
ǷȴգգɬѵĴãȴûκεĶȴڰѵΪҲΪʲôСûλ˵أΪ̫أ
ţ̺Ȼ
ƷַǾӨ͸֮ʱŻȻѣʵô
ⷬʣ÷޵ݣѽһ
һæʣôˣ̣ôˣ˭۸ˣ
ء̴͵ȡ˫գֻͣа۸ң
ҵС㵽ôˣٲ˵ҿɾͳ˰ƻæ̧һۣỬϣ̶»ȥǹ񱳣̸˻С
ͷȴڰ̾찡ǲڹҵİɣ
ǽ˾ڻУǿգȴ޷䵱Ǹǡ
С磬ǲǲҪˣܵƵİҲС࣬ʵ
ҵɵѾͷôܲҪأ
ղΪʲôҷ㶣
ûղɫеǱô̸ˣ
ģ̺Ȼһϲ̧ͷһִƵ䣬ͷƵĻ
ǹް覴õʱһҲΪˣƻɣôȥԺû취ˡرЩ̵ѩƺ޲һȥ
ǣȴֲòסɲôõ˶˷ѵˣ̻ûѧϰ˫أһǷǳҪġ
ǿѹͷһЩܲסˡ
Сʲôֱ̼ȹҪ׳һ㣬ȻһѾץ˸֡

ѽ̻æ֣СĸֱԺƺҲһЩˣˡ
ѾǵһξˣԣûʲôȣЦôˣˣ
ŲأȻŵˣû뵽ôЩ¡
˵ѣ㻹ûиңΪʲôķšŷǻʵ
ңλ㲻Ҹ㣬СҲҪ̣̽ͷƵĸ첲ϣСֹš
ãã̵ģܣʹ뿪ȥûĻȻ˷̵ġ
˾þδ
䰲
̱ȴƵĽһȴƻǺ޶ɵɹƶС磬㣿㲻𣿡
⻰ƲһѪǺòײסģֽǵһܵˣ
ĺһ΢΢һЦɵѾͷȻҪˣǸıô׵ľҪأԺҪúõ׼׼С
úõ׼׼׼ʲôأôûиңижŷ
֪γ𣿡
֪ôˣ̺֣ôֳˡ
˵˫񹦲ŮӵĵһκҪ֪𣿻ͷ˫񹦣ʱٳ㣬Ҷкܴĺôģ
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һվҪٴչƵǰ
ȴҲʱˣѽһæ굽˱ͷƵĻͨһƬҲڲϵĲš
СӿҪĥҰ˸磬Ͳʲô˫ˣƸŻзƤĹ⻬ͻȣƽ
С磬ңȥ·ȥ㣬Ȳˣȥ֪ͨ㣡
˵䣬̻æִƵĻֱǹű´ٵĴ·ɳķ䡣
ѽˣų̾һȥ
ڣûȶãѾһˣƵĴǰֳӰɴʣƮ˱֮ڡ
ƲǷ˵ǰҺˣ˵ΪʲôҪô
㷢ͷϣһɫ˿ʳͲ˯£žµգЦЦһ˵أ
ô򣡡һֱӾ̽˯֮УΰĴһ¡
һѽ㻵һͦжûȥʹȥҲҵΪ㷿Ҳˣ
ǻ˭һЩɣȴʵѾƵظסһ飡
һ͵һӱסƣ˯Զͱ˸㣬㣬ѽ²¿
ǲ
㣿滵͵شƵ䡣
ƺٺһЦŮ֣Ƭ̣ḧ޳ֻԲ˫ȣڲȥ
㻬ĸоʹö˵ĵ׶һĿգǻȵĴĸоѾʼˡ


212 ̩
ȻƸͷȥ΢΢ѩһ˲䴫ȫʹĽץסƵĸ첲ü΢
׵ӣʶİڶţǵ
Ƶ붯̣˫ȼһЩʪ󡭡
ţС䣬ңܲˣҪ
˭һˣģԺ󻹸Ҳңƹţһ顣
šˣԺԺʲôģѾ״Σ͵һ½Ƶס˫޳ȸǽƵοļס
ǽ緢һ˫⻪ͣˮĹâͣѪҺ̣ٲȻѾ֡
ƿô˵ҲѾˣ·һͦȵǹ̽ڡ
š
˹˵ӽһ
һΣͬʱ˫񹦣ߵ໥ĹᴩںϣȻǵһΣôȴҲǳԣرǶˣԶƣγһ̩ͼ
ԭ֮ŻڣЧԣҲΪٶȴǿƺҲò˰ˡ
ӯӯ⣬ͷƵҸ·һֻСèһ㣬˯
ȴһĻĻ뵽ǰ֪ǰǸԼڵΣһԼһǰΡ
ȻĸѾȥԼһ游Լô绨Ůӡ
Ѿ׵뵽磬˯ʱҲЦݡ
ڶʱ򣬷ױ̨ǰƵĳ
ƮӺ潫˸㷢ϵ㣬΢΢һЦ
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ٺ٣ҲҪԺÿ춼ӣǸöðǺǺǣʲôû
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İɣЩѾźˣ㻹Ǵ飬Ҳûü˵ڱƹȻתڤ񸮣˾ĹҲ˵Ǻ;Ĺھˣ
ţĳǴڤ񸮿ƵľĹԸǣ
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룬ƾ뿪Ժ䣬ڵԺȥ
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213 ҲȢ
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Ҫ̤뷿䣬ȴѩĳ̾ʵҲôһģΪ֪ͣԽŻΪżҲòȥֻ߼䣬ʹ޸ǲţʲôλأѾǹˣ
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ѾͷԸ̫ˣº;񱾸飬𣡡ѩ̾
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˭ΪЩˣ޼漦޹湷һգҪٸңϾͻȥ޸ǸǲţʱҸż岮ҲͶٹ쵼ĽӣҲ뿪ɣ㣡
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214 ӵ
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ҲҵøˣϾôòΪָߵŮӣ
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ɵǣȴû׼ͿƱȽϽƵĺԣֱӾǷϡ


215 һؾ
ѩ֮Ȼʹܵһһ
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ƵҪȴֲȥ룺ѵСĲ֪ҵСôҪҲӦ᲻Сղ¥ѾӦҪȢˣԺСˣȻˣҵһоͶģҪʲôأ
˼ͬʱĿҲڶǺԴ󱴳һҧ촽Ҳ𻰣ǰŲһСظķƵĺԡ
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С磬ǲҪأҪңҾ͸㲻ǻûгɻͺСһ˵֮ˣЩЩڵģ
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ԶȥѩԭŸƺһദĿռ䣬ţȴֺȻ뵽ƵıֲõԤУƻ᲻۸Լá


216 Ȣ
ѩ뵽ôһɵİƾһĴ޲֮ǰϷɶҪ۸ңԸôᣬôϲһҪԶ𣿲УҵȥûгɻأԲ׵óѣ˭֪Ժ᲻ĶԴã
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ͷһΪ뷨ֻܲ²ŮĽ˫ۻգ̧ͷԼôô룿
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Զ뿪С磬ԶС磬ԶҲѾ˫۱סƵرס
ȫԸоĵǷؼѹţСƵĸѹǽʵʵ


217 
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찡ôͳһ˼ǰȢһ¾Ҫ۸ˣԿĦĶϣζ
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Ժܿ޷龰ˣ͵뿪ƵĻȴֽͷƵĻ
ߣһȥ׷㣡ǣ֣򶫼ɡ
С磬Ӧ
Ӧͷ
ǣ
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Ѿӿٶȡ
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ߣƲԣμ򱱽ȥ
ѧԺûڳǵı棬ɽˮУѧһǧˣ̵ʦһٶλλԺҲǰ˼ĺ֡
Щ˲вǱѧԺ
δѾԶԶĿѧԺϿմҵԪصĲ
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һŭҪɾƵļƲߣĺ׹ȻûʧһΪ˲Ͷ˶ϵ࣬һȴͣͲǰ
ΪһֻϵͱƸˡ
ǣĺȴûôϺɥʧսΪ֮ǰѾԤϵˣ֮У˴ĺš
ʹˣҲ۵޷·׹䡣


218 Ů
߿ֻʣ¶ϣʹԸơ
ʶˣʣµһĺҲǻ֮У޲˲նϡ
һƵٶҲȻӿࡣ
ϣԶѾһɾ޴ʶѹ죬ŲһŮӣŮӶּ䣬һδ㽫ϵסˣһȥ޴ĲϼŲƶȥ
ϵˣ̤˼۶
ƼˣͷһϲϼҲһһ
ǣһĻȴʹȻһ͡
Ϊϼڼʱ򣬺Ȼը滹һˮ֣֮һµŮŶӦˮ־Ѿѳһˮݣһ֮䣬ͽͬһС
ˮĤȻסˣ˻γɵ־Ȼ޷ˮݸ忪
֮ʱ·Ȼһ𣬽һɾ޴
Ƶͷȥͷһ޴ĹаףͷֻȴǺɫƤ¶ÿһ鼡ⶼǿ״һž޴һž޽ſȻγɾ޴УĿŲƣҲЮУٵĿ׹䡣
ʲôͷȻףԭԤϣѾ˳Ӧ׼
ȣµֻ֪ƴǹ׹ٶȲǹ˵Ŀгȥ
뷨ǺõģȴԸΥ
ƺĲˣȻ͵һ¡
ҪˣǱԪأ³֮ʱѾ޼᲻ݵĿ磬·һѰУϵиƵѪ⡣
ֻоѾĽϷԪصĿѾʧȥ˶ĿƣƤпѪɢֱǧ֮ϣǳŽ͡
ȴѾҶˣҲܶˣоԼֻʣһǼܣԴֻһÿǣڱֹ֮ͣѪ䣬̧ͷ죬ѾľˣԺֻһ뷨ﵽǺζ
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Զһʺ缱ٴ֮γһӴƣʹ÷ԲʮĿǿĲ
ֵλŮҲע⵽һһһƳһģһˣٷһǰȭ˫Ȳ£ĿǰӣĿͷͷĹ
񼶣ŮӾһʧԭأ˹ͷܵˮݼѱ䣬µߡ
ʯʹݸѶϢˣں֮ѾԳܴŵȫˡ
ʱʯ൱ż۷壬ԣŮӲΪ񼶡
ż۷һȫҪż۷˹ͬҪǿ󣬳񼶣ܴﵽȡ
䣡
һȭһˮݣʯдֽ͸ʮˮݣŮӵǰ
ŮӼˣȴһǿȴû񼶵Ļǣԭ㻹񼶣
˵䣬ֻ̧һˮǽѾɣԭƻƵˮҲ˷Ƽ
һƬֱ׵ľ޴ˮ򣬾ͽƸУʹǰٶƵĹʹˮ򶯵ǿѹʹˮŮŲơ
Ů̬¶һ˿أ˫ǰȥˮ򼱾С
ʯѹ
ֻǱߵȴѾŮΪ˱뿪֮ͻָɣ˫ֽӡͳһֱʮ׵Ļ򣬷·콵ʯٵŮӡ
ŮӸҴ⣬ʱĿסȫ͵Ϯڹƴʤš
һֿƵˮһ죬ˮĻɡ
䣡
ˮĻײһ
ۣ
ˮĻҲСһ룬ѹ
ౡ
һħ˵ɵ˻Ͽգһ𣬽ͬŮһͬǡ
գ¶ѾߵͨȻĳ̶ȡ
Ůӱ˲䣬Ҳͻˮ򣬺ݺݵĶż׹Ůӣԥ
ԥǲҪ򿪰ţŴ򿪣ʯԳܵˣǣƵȴܲˣûдﵽ񼶣ֻԪӤȻʱԪӤҲǰڤķﵽ˼Լ˵ϾûнӴĸзš
еԿ϶ûдﵽż
ۿűŻһͬڵ棬ʯһ֮䣬뵽˱ڡ
ѪģȴֻƤûˣѪܱ©棬ͬûһ˿Ķѡ
ò˵ҲǷǳǿġ
ƤڿٵɣʯռҪλãڸԭ
Ŵ򿪣ȫһҪɵ֮˯ˣʯͨš


219 
ʯõȻִУͬʱ򿪣˸ż۷ۼһΪҪǣȫƵõ˹ᴩѭﵽΪĳ̶ȡ
˵Ƭ½ϣκһ񼶸ֶﲻģûͬʱ򿪰š
ˣȻеֻоż۷ĳ̶ȣȴѾӳһ

ֻܼӣ㹻ˡ
ȻͷһХХһ㣬ֱγһװ
Ʊһ͸˰ܼ¶һɫգϴɫ̡
Х֮ƿһ֣˫̤գնһֱֶȥ
ͷע⵽ƣʱ˿̣޷Ψಫһֺһӭơ
ȴ࿹ת缱ٻս˫ȭš
䣡
ʯ˵ΪǿľȭͷһĴڡ
ֱӾƿڵƤײĹ࣬Ӻ
Ѫգ
ƵȴûһѪҺ
ȥһ˲䣬ƽŹԣַɳף˫һգˬĻԡ
ڵʱ򣬶Ȼֹͣ˫ƵıȡȨ
ʯҪòܿѾ˼ˡ
ŤͷȥӴκȻأһ㵹Ĵã˵֮ϡ
䡭
ز֮ʹõϵڷɣ̳
һɫ״ֵԴٵԶ
ܣܷŹĻǣʥ꣬ҵܽԺɣʱԼħٴνҲδɡ
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Ťͷȥֻֻ̽һ֣һǿĴֵĻգ֮䣬ͱץС
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£ŮҲ񼶣ܾôˣӦѾˣӵصˣ
ˣϲļһѰĿ⿴ȥ帮Ѿʧ
ȴƾŶĺ׵ĸӦٵ򱱷Ųƣ
׷ȥһû䣬ִһ뷨
Ҳ֪ץȥˣ˺Ǹˡ
Ѿٵĸϵ˵ǸˣûץסǾż۷壡
Ƿˣü˵ץߵĸͲǷˣʱô
ü΢ʱҺͷһͬȥѧԺȥԺ̸ѧԺ飬ǸսݣͱǹסǣҸ˳֮ҾͱǸ˾һͷϿϼˣΪǷ
Ƕмˣ䵽ǵ˫ȭգץˣָôд̽
ץһżʦΪʹ񼶣Ҳ˶ˣ˭
ˣ֣ƿеꡣ
˵ͷ˫ŻâּȴûκεЧ
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Ȼ΢΢˵ͷǱץˣղǸŮ񼶺Ǻ񸮵ˣСн㣬Ǻ񸮵һѱ˵Ļż۷塣򶷵ĺڤ񸮵ˣ
ڤ񸮣Ƿʲôץˣץȥˣ
֮󣬱˷ץˣ룬⣬һʳǵķȥ
˷˫͵ɵԲ񸮡񸮣ϻԸǣ
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ȥ׷ܲ׷ϣüͷ塣
Ѿ׷ˣȻ˷ˣһҲõ˹ҵİһôʱ䣬׷ϣҲҪʳˣʱҪԹҵĹҡҡͷ
ôǴȫ濪սˣҲץҵļʲô⣬Ȼȥ˵ƿŮ
Ůͬʱͷչ᳤˽̤ϣʹתǷȥ
ʹƲµ󷨣û񼶲ȥµһһ񼶣ǻʹ˿ɾΣˡ
ɽ򸾺ʹ˶ڳ½帮УͬҲȫ꿪ҪԸǣҲҪһĴۡ
ǵ֮ʱȴ֮УȴվˣӴǣ޲ΡΡǾ顣
߸żôôࣿƼˣоһ˲䣬Ŀһˣǹ˷
˷ûܣǣƺȻǵϿգ·ڹȴƵ˵ĵ


220 ҪЮ
˷ֱӷһŭ
˷ݣ˫ָ˿Ķŷϵļˡ
Ȼϲ壬ȴǣΪǷӴɲߣ޴ѹǲô׵ֿġ
Ҫˣô;֣ܶǣҲһ㣬ΪǣһŪ˸ٳǣɾͲˣ˷Ц
Ҫô侲Դӿ˷ˣΪٶԷ̸Ĵ㡣
һ˻һˣ÷̣˷Ŀġ
ûлػûκεı仯˫һֱĶŹ˷۽ǵȴڴˣ
ô㲻Ը⣿˷һ˫ü塣
ǲǰҵСӣûп֪ǲǻţƾһ仰Ҿͽ̽㣿
˷ţ˼Ƭ̣Ŀȴգ¶棡
һҵ򣬻ż˫˷ĲϣǷĽУѾиƤѪϵ·ѾʧȥսڷϣҲദˡ
ƣȰǻٴע⣬ȻҸվôҾԱĺֶΣ㻻ǲ˷һ
ȻĻ䣬һŮӺ͸ղ򶷵ĺŮӣѾڿն˹˷ԡ
Ƽˣͷȴһ
ش𣬷ѾգĻй
Ůһ˫Ŀ⡣
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˷һ̳֣Ŀ࣬Զǵһ̵龰ûйġ
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ֻ̣ҪҾͻὫˣ˷ص
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Ƽæɵ˷ԣץס
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ֻ̣Ҫ޸ң˻ʵۣԷΪʺΪΪŮˣ𣿡˷ŷ̵˫
һɫȹԼأ֬Բ°ͣµգüŵǣɫװ磬Ůĸ߹
Ťͷ˿ƣ๫ңҪؽ㣡
ƱֹȴְдС磬ҹȥɣֻҪǷ˽㣬Ȼܵķ
ʲôǱ߻һ񼶣ͬǰд
ʮǰƥ㻹ǵѾﵽ˾żٶȿ񼶣ھҵĻ糿ȻϢĴ㲼µ󷨣ҵߣֻҪҹȥˣԽҾȳ
ŷ̵˫ŷ˵Ļ糿һͻȻʳϿյİ׹⣬Ӧþƥˡ
ǣֲҿ϶ܽ̾ȳǣô̵ܻܵĻѵ
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Ůͬһ
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ãҪһ
㣬òܿ㲻ܣ
ã
㣬㲻Ҫ˵ˣ˷ҽ㣡빬˷ѾףҪǲҽ㣬ҾԱ
̣ƾһ
˷Ҳɫ䡣
ߵλ캣񸮵޺ŮעŷϸֳһĨ΢Ц˫һһˮݺȻ̸Сˮݷ·ճҺһ㣬˷̵ϡ
ٺ٣СʹҲңŮӿЦ
ˣƸһҧǰ塣
ȴһץס𼱣
ƣҶҪˣģҲɱǵģôҵĶ𣿾⼸ˣ˷Цһһķ̡
㣿㲻ҽ㣿סķ̽ŭŹ˷
ǲţڲܷţ飬˵㣬һỹ̸Ůһ̾ŲƵǰ


221 Ů
㵽ôŭ
Ĳ󷽷ǻĻǣŮӵıһ䣬һץס˷ĲӣԭڷϵѳҲѾջء
ƶźŮӵֻ֣ԽԽǰĲϣѾѪ߰ߣѪǼࡣ
ã󷽷ҿԸ㣬Ҳܸ㣬ͷ붼ҪңնĴ
Ը㣬ȴֻ˷Ȩʹã
ڵģЩŮˣһѾڻ֮һĺȡϵֻҪһᣬ飬ƴҲǡ
ԥʱ򣬷ѾʹôѶ鴫ѶϢùң룡
񼶵ӵ治һ㣡з˲٣»Ƿһ˵⡣
Ťͷ˿һǽҪĸˣȴղǰ㲻ˣΣ
ѡ𣿡ŮͷЦ
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Ůüͷһ壬ָӦھ
㣿ƷַѾͨ죬ƺ궼޷ˡ
ǴӦôٿԶһᣬ𣿡ŮٴЦ˫ͷųĹâ
캣񸮵İɣʻ֮һǣƣһǣҷλã༸ʮ꣬ͶԳΪ񼶸֣һλ񼶣ʹƲȥһУǳ֮ΪԳܵǵı㹬˷ΣٸҽǱھһԶݶߣȳ֮ȥ㺣񸮣һȫɱ
仰ֻǷޱȣǴѹʮżһľ
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Сɹĵ̣ȴĽɹȫռ졣
ûɱһ֮ǰ
ȻҲԲԴУ󣬸ƿ̫
˷֪ӦǺŮȴܿ췴ӦҲЦһǺ񸮵ģǺ񸮴ӳû¹˭κ˵вʹһڶˣΣǺǺǣǿ֪жĶҲңҲ֪񸮵ɣ
֪ΣѵͿԳȻ⣿ԣҲҪ˽𣬷ݼΪʲô飬ǿ̸ּۻ۲һҪв˵𣿡ߣȴʮ㡣
λ˵ǣ㻹ˣˣҪĶȻõϲּۻۣĲӦǷֻһˣѵĲ÷һֻСǣıȲһżĹ𣿡Ůԡ
һֲõԤУʱ취ǶԷҲʱ䡣
ѵоż֣񼶸֣ڤ񸮵λ񼶺͹ҲĻɾΣˣưһȻҲֵǸ
΢üû̫ڱֳдѾˣصײţ˴飬ҲѾɹӦÿԵֿ񼶵ļι
ôûҰв󲻾ˣڷԲǧﲼÿһһС󷨣ӦҲ̫ɣһ𣬵ʱͿԽ˲֣ټҵʮħޣô죡аһ
뷨Ǻõģڸûӡ޷϶ԷĻɣңҲ벻ԼرǴ󷨡
ʯڻڻţ޷ԼҲ޷뿪
ûУûлֻҪɱˣȻɱǼʹҲܽɱŮٴв
ãҿԸ㣬Ҫθ㣿ôȷǼ٣¶˾ġ
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޷Ҫ󣬱ҪоżʦΪҵżʦƿ˵
һ˵ѣΪ˾ͲǾżǺŮȴ΢˼˹˷
˷˵ھ֪ͨ帮Ϲ
Ůӵ˵ͷƺ㣬ƣ󷽷Ѷ¼ȻӸңԭز󣡡
ס㲻ҪʧԣҵҲ޵ģҪڵϣɣ˵գѾ³ǳ֮ĵ档


222 
ŮӺ͹˷ҲûԥǿǵʵѾ󳬹һĳˣôǽʮżһ񼶡
һ˱Ƶķҽ֮⣬Ҳֻơˣû˻Ὣϡ
Ҫɱ⼸˲£ο˷֪ơ
˫վڵ棬ףȡһѶ飬ʼѶϢע뵽С
ʱ仺ţ˫û˵ֻǾĶŶԷ
һᣬʳ帮ϺѾһʹ޵ĶƺΪѾɢˣԼлƵĺףȻʱ޷ǣȴҲǵս
ϲģȻûˣЦ
㣿Ҫ񣬽˶õģŭ
ǺǺǣ˭˭һءι˵һǰצҪǷһͷһὫץסӵéʺƶץסֱ۵ľż
ţʱһŭһûȴûз֣ÿץסһֻ첲ʹš
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еİ࣬ѾöԷ˿ڱˣݺݵĶƣҪǰ
ֻǹ˷ȴһۣʹö˶ʱǴصĺȴڱɷǳա
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ˣȥƶֽѶ˹ȥ
Ůӽӹû֮̽΢ԥվǵݸϣǺúÿصķ󣡡
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˫عʹúŮͷһã֪һˣթǰһ֮òȫ
͵һŤ֫ǵ񱩵ĵƤۡ
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Ůֻٴζ

ת˲ŮӦӲϾȴնյĶ㿪ˡ
ͬʱµҲȻһ죬ݣȴľ޳ݣϡ
ԭһߣż۷Ĺߣףӵص׺ȻһڽͬԵĶһͬ£޿ں£ʡ
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ǺŮӱȥ׷ȴǰΪ˵ã磬ټ֣һʱ޷ѡ
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ο׼ڹ߳һ̣ͿʼŲƣ˷գӭ˹ߣߴһţȫ³
ƱڻУĺ׵ļ尾
ƾǹ⼤ŭǣɵǣ˷ȻֽϽˣеĺףϢĵ˵֮С
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ಡ
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һͷչգһŮǷ̡
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223 
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˳ſһԻһеĻĲҰڶ㽫·ǧ֮أһƬ𺣡
޵Ļǵģ飬Ϊ˶ɱԷżѾ˼ɲôˡ
ֻҪ㲻ѾԣǸãȴ赣ġ
ಡಡ
һӰӻзɳ
Ƶʲã̤Źͬ˲ƣòǹŲƵһ˵ԣһǹ˹ȥ

һҲùòܳһͷײǹˣԽѡ
ƸɱһˣǶԷȴѾ֮ززˣֻȴ޷׷ɱһŻֱӱ˶ԷԺ׹ա
ţʹ߶˻棬գʹŮҲ㺹졣
ּżոܳ㱻˻ֱѪ⻯˻ҳֻһã궼յɢ
ѽһŮӵȣĺŮӵУѾ֪ʱһɳڲ棬һͷõع֮УŰõ޾磬ڿն𣬳𺣡
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ֻǴʱǺ˵Ѿջ٣¶ĿƼˣһȻҶڤ񸮵Ҷ
Ŀԣ˫ɵİҶҶ鷳ڸ͵ϮҵŮˣץסӷǵ֪֪ΪеĴۡ
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˵գͻһ⣬ԶƮȥ
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224 
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֮⣬ƻ㽫ǰѧһжһ飬ǰǵҳͯӹֹ޵ĳ֮Ҳֻ൱еıٹڣ֮ĸ߼ûлü˵Ǹɼҵĸдͨˡ
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226 ˲
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վ˸ߴѾƵǰʧȥصɴȡ֮һһɽСĸо
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վ񼶣ָ˵ٶȼ죬˫ŸսӴ棬˫ȻСһֻȸһСɫ֮лһӰ˲һ㣬ʹﵽƵ˵ǰ֮
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ǣڲߣѾˣƵõйֱ֮ӾԾ˾żڵľ磬ƾʯȫʹðֲͬԪأҽЩԪؼһγ
ֻʱѾʱ䣬൱ߵˡȥȻԪ־ᴿ֮ٴܣͬɸ֡


228 Ʒ
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ԺҪռϣɵ͵ߣÿһϣӦһȼһݲֻ񼶲̤롣
ƵͼֽԼɣĽͬʱš
һ鼮һſѶ飬½½ƺͼŮĴԪ䣬űĴ棬ԱԺڷʮ¥
Ʒ֮⣬ĵľǮˡ
ҪΪ½ĿеʥأĵĶҲǶȻơ
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ͺķ˽ڵңֽƣ󷨣ǰ󷨣ʮ;ά֮󷨵ĳ꿪
Ҫǣų󷨲㣬ʯྦྷʯǳܳܡ
ʯģһĽֻҪǶһʹʯķʵ̽顣
˽ֻ֮ܽɣԺҪӸֻ󡢽硢ֹص󷨣һӦȫ
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ˣûһ켶µģȫʦһˣ޴½ԼˣʣµǴӸչġ
˵ĹʿһϣʯȴѣҪƿɹʯ󳡣Ҳ˴Ľܾôġ
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229 ͨ
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Ҫ֪ʦͶǷǳǿġ
һȴƶɵģǾǸ󷨡
һƸùĸҩĺ;Ƴ˲ٺöΪµߣرϾ֮ʱ뼸Ů˫ޣ
иȼϣϵĴ˵϶Ѿ룬ڼ䣬ʳԼ½Ͷ࣬Ҳ͸ơ
һգ󷨳ȥǵ˼ͬʱһϢɵôסˣƵ߽ǽȫȻ֪롣
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ǸơʵĽֻҪһۣһǡ
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ûʦҲͲܽӴĽοУƵѪѪǰ˸֪
ķһ֮ҲľƵȫѪͨε飬мż񼶵İƲڽԼķ
Щνļͨȡ
ƻһ󵨵뷨ϣһ죬ԽͨƳ鱦Լһ˷̫գɵǡ
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һ޴Уһֱʮ׵ľ޴ҲͨģԴԪؼŨ󲻶ϵĽȻԪ
С䣬ڳɹ̤һ˫Ķơ
֪еĺ壬֪Ըֻ֮ǰȴûбֳҪͳһ½ľĺж
ͨѾΪ˹ճһδ֮·
ҲԸ⿴ġ
ͨٺ٣Ժһ˾Ͳ˭ˣֻǣÿһδ߶ͨҪģʱ޷֣ˣһɨŮЦ
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̡ŮҸ΢Ц
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С䣬һƻʲôơ
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ۣ๫̫ΰˣԸԴɣ񲻶ǵˣ˫գǳݵĿƣԴȴѾճԺʢ
ǵȻãǵԸ߷֮һټռϺĹ壬ɵľ͸ˣĿ겢ǺԶ
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һǰĸߴˡ
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ȻҪԵУǰһŮӣһ㶼ôŹģرڵݺ͵λ
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ĸͬҲŮڶһ졣
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ʹѾסˣӴԺǵļң
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һȺĽߣˣڴϣѩԵԽͦΣǷֱӾͷ˹ϣ˫֧ţռգĺ׵ĸţȶ㡣
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231 ˫޳
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ֻܲܽɣȴû֪һʱ䣬ϡȱʯྦྷʯ۸ֱʮЩĽȴ

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ͨڣǵһ˾ס֮ͨڣΪҲ֪һܲܰȫ롣
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ֻջĿ⣬ǧͿֳ˳ԵŮü壬аһͲʲôˣȻȢôţףǲǷʮаеˣǸǸãУǸǹưɣ


234 ҵŮ
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ಢԶУڶǰ档
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ˣˡѾ˿ǰĳӰӣ˫ٶȶܿ죬Ƭ֮䣬˫Ѿ˸ͷ
μһ׵Ҳкܶ࣬ǰ޾뿪Ļʼӻͣ仹вٹŮһɳرӴƥţ׹Ľǣ˸ʽĻ䣬òҲ֪ѩһ档
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񼶶ȥأѵˣôͬȼУǵʬ𣿹ңûŮӷʵ
ҳ˼ã̧ͷƣǰ׳ǻ͸ҵģ
ٺ٣Ҿ֪һģҵҲһͬҲǻ͸ҵģֻڰ˱ˣŮӿЦ
˭ˣ

ΪʲôҪǳ
ǵõˣǽҪ½еģôҲԣ˳񼶸֮ͻ½Ҳͻӭһսս֮УʧȻΪ񼶶Ѿڴս֪ʵж붼ûǱ˶½ԣƬ½񶼲Ϊ֪ҲĲףԾͽⳬ˺תǲţȻ͵Ϯ㣬ץߣƳǸԽ˲䴫Ĵ󣡡
Ժܻ
˶˵ͷ
ѵõ˶Ҫȥü˵
Ϊҵˣһ񼶣ǹΪһ񼶣ҲͲˣͬǸӦҲһȥΪѾħ壬ҺͬҲµ񼶣ôƺҪ֤ÿһ嶼Ҫһ񼶣½ңԭΪ㲻һȴû뵽Ҳ㳬
˶˵ţ´
ûҳͨԼƵģ
ԼƵģǴҲԼоģǻģŮһ㶣Ȼš
ã³һ˵ģôʮ֮󣬵µ񼶳֣Ҳ뿪⣡
ûȥ½֪񼶶𣿡ʳɻ
û˴ѵ⻹𣿱ˣǺ񣬴ҵħޣǿԴԽ󺣣󺣵ұκ˶ΪҪһƬ½ǲܵģ
ƳĬˣû뵽ոմһȴһ뵽ǰһ仰ʱǻڸ֮С
ܿһЦΪսм飬


240 Ƶҩ
һֱעƣƳĬ˼ʵ뻨ʲôϵ
ѣҲ˵Ǻѣֱԡ
ȴʲô֪Ǻѣһ
ҪܣȻǻѡˣҲɱǣȻǣʱ϶һУ
˵գһ֣Զſֱһɴ㣬ֱѺ·Ĳͬ䡣
Щ䶼󷨣ûκεȻԪأЩҪָǼܡ
ʱһֱֻĽ˵ˣǲŸѾץסˣ⻹мżҪ
ֻ̣аƴС·ǳͼ
ˣѾԼˣǴС̬
ƿ£ԾôɿֱĴ񣬵Ȼ̬ڴ˵ʵ̫С
֪ˣȥúɣư˰֡
ͷȥ
ͨڣŮ³֮С
ŮҲǳĬ
̣ϸţһѪУϵһ
Ƿƿһֻ൱ĶͦͷһЩ˵Ƴķ
С䣬ϵ𣿡ʵ
ǵģǻȥɣջٹʹԺҪ뿪ҲҪһҲֻˣҲܿƸԴҵͨƵĸǿ󣡡
һͬɶȥ
ȻƸյǵĻʹ֮УѾһˣ̣ͷһ㣬š
̧ͷҲûֱڣɲ֪ΪΣǻ֮ǰģ֮Ѿûˣʲô˼
ôӭң֪ʲô
ҵǺһЩʲôΪ֪飡
ǺǺǡǰִ͹ҺһͽֻǱǸһͽˣƬ½֮ȷʵû֣Ҳֻ񼶣ȴ۷壬˼
ҽҪ˶ɱˣΣ
˴ˣÿʮҲʮλ񼶣ߣλ񼶣
أƲû
Ҿͻѡһߣ
Ƶ˵ͷû˵ǿץ߶ŮѾǶĶˡ
ȴһһԴΣΪˣҲԸ⽫ôĴߣҪþͿãȻ½ΪҲֻ۷壬ҪߵΪֻȥ½
֮㣿
ܼ֮ɳȥܻȥл뿪½ǰǣƽпռ䣬̫δ֪֮£
Ҷ½飡

ϸãֱȥƲŲò̾һ½񼶳ڣһǻ߶½ǿѹ֮£޷Уֻ൱һˣ۷ҲֻǾżˣ֮Ĳ໹Ǵ󰡣ͻȻͬ񼶣ȴ൱һ;ż֮ĲࡣżܳƵϸˣҲѣ
֪ͨݣҲ֮Ĳ࣬ڶ½ϣҲ־ż֮ʥܴﵽʥ򾳽磬ʹҲܳΪһ
²൱еķڣǷ֮ϵĺڣӦþͿеʥǿˣлʥ֮ϵǿߣƹӦþߵĶɽڣɽ֮ǴڣӦþӵˡ
׶ɽ٣õϿɳΪˣǣֻеõǿ߲ܳΪ
ǰеɣһӵǿߣƺǲġ
ֻҪɹ׽٣ôǧ磬Ρ
ţһЩڴ֮ͨУȴ˻ʮҲ˵Ƿټ֮ǰƽʮȫͶ֮С
Ƭ֮䣬һŵĹͭɫ¯ͷ˳ǹ㣬Ӷء
¯ٺ٣΢΢һЦ˫ֽӡԪƼ¯֮Уֲϵķɿ仯ָһУԼʱ֮󣬲ȫĴ󹦸ɡ
һڲԳɿռ䣬Ժ׼ãֻ¯ĵȼ̫ͣԶԶ˵е¯硣
ȴҪνǿ̫ࡣ
Ҵﵽ񼶣ҾͿʹٴƣʱ򣬺ٺ٣ΪҲ޿ܣ
ţƱ㽫Ԫеҩĵ˳½ͶУֻٴӡֻ治ϵӿ룬žȻм֮
֮󣬵¯֮ʱʮŰɫĵҩȻɳһƮθ֮ʳ
Ʋͣɿȡһƿҩ׷װС
½Ͷ˼ʮҩģͬգһſɫҩ豻ƿ֮ڡ
ȻҲһֱŮĹע֮Уʱ֣ͣټݵҲ̲ס׷̤


241 ʵ
ãٺ٣ҵ񵤣ȡ˰ɫҩ衣
̡ŮͬʱΧ£ÿ˵һŵҩڼ·һ˴ԣ˲ﵽǰδе״̬
΢΢üһҪޣҪͻˣ
ףҲҪȥޣ
ҡ
ŮѯʲôûУǿӦץסÿһ˲䣬һӣͺпǰΪ͵Ҳǻæ롣
ƿ˿ƿף΢΢һЦֻ񵤣ʱٸÿһԪ游ѩҲÿ˼⼸ֵҩҵΪӦþͿԴﵽż۷ˣͻҲ˵
֮ôżҲʱƵģѾ׼֮ûԼ½ŮҲӦû棬ǰǱҪﵽ񼶣򣬺ӦĻ
½˵׼ȷһ㣬൱ڴڴеĴԪռ䣬󷨰ϲ࣬񼶣ʹ˲ɱ㣬Ҳᱻǿѹȶʹǻ۷Ҳֻ൱ھżĶߣԪܵǿѹȣ޷еģǴﵽеʥ򾳽硣
һҩ֮ƿʼĥҪֹˡ
գѡǰеһΪ֮ѡ˹ҲΪħйأҪԼħצ
Ѿ൱еĳϺڣֻһҲе񼶣ȻûԪӤħ˹ֱӲڣȻʹʯҲͬѾʯˣǴʯԪӤں֮ûһﵽڣôʯͻ±ԪӤһĴڣﵽʥ򣬶ɽپͲٻˡ
ȻҲΪŮѡ˹һΪŮ
ȴҪŮΪĺᣬӵĴйޣӵдйǵھܽģȻҪŪĹ
ƵǿԳΪ˵Ĺֱ޽ɼƹţֲӦòˣϺпܾ֮ˣ൱ԪʼһŵƻûԴ̶ֳȡ
һȷֻҪ񹦣ôûˣҪĿɷ񹦶ǻ˫޵ģͬϸֵҩ˵ǰﵽϵʥ򾳽硣
ʣµҩ͸游ѩ֮˱ץסʮ֮һǧ
ôˣСƢӦòĥ˰ɣưһ˫΢գǧӰͳԺ֮С
һķ䣬䣬ȴżΪŨȻԪأΪʺǧ˫΢գһֱھš
˵ҪǿʮʹԵҩҲʮ֮ڴﵽ񼶣ţֻҪﵽ񼶣϶ƿǰţԣӿ̿ࡣ
ҲҪġ
ƵĿľճԺŮͣҲһǳҫ顣
ֻǧҵҲƽŲʺĵط
Ƭ½е񼶣ڻûйᣬ϶ҪͨģΪȥ˶½Լ֮˶ûС
µѾʼĴսˣڤ񸮡塢ٹ񼶺;żֱץ֮Ƶĵ̾͵֮ˡ
ֱӵ֯ɾӣʼĴսټ޾Ͷܿ챻壬ٹҲ֮ɹʣµһЩң˵ƽҡϡ˶񼶶ץס֮󣬸ҵֿ׷׽ԣҪƳɵ۹ӵΪ۹Ļʵۡ
ڻٹһսӰ졣
ֻڵĿѾôˡ
ºһգʳ˼ݷߣ񸮵첨񸮵İ׷ˣԼħ񸮵񸮵һҲˡ
½֮⣬ֻʣλˡ
ǵĵȻƴΪϱֱӾ֮ͨڡ
Ƶģλ񼶣ԭ֮ڳ񣬿ڣȴ̶̵³ÿһҩĹЧ
ڷҽҲﵽ˾ż۷壬˰˼òһ㡣
ʵټ϶˽⣬Ѿ̨档
ͨһ¥߸λȫߴͬϵ
λ񼶿һĻ֮󣬷׷üͷ
֮У΢΢һЦλǰûļ̣ͨ


242 Ѫɷ
֮ͨµ𣿡׷Ķׯߵǰᡣ
Ҳǰһνͨ
ô˵Ƶ¶ɡ
֪㽫Һôˣʵ
ջ֣һɫͶӰ˵ǰбץˣȫȻ˹˷
˼ˣ·𲻸һ㣬ΪͽҵɱˣʹɱҲһǱ
ûиоĸԪضǳŨ𣿵Ȼ̤ķ䣬оʺģΪиŨԪأ΢Ц
Ը
һԸһ뱻ƣʵǲҲ㽫ģֻǰһϣǿԽǺл˴ǳҵĿľ½޴½ΪһңҲڸִ
Ҫͳһ½˶һ
ǾûǸʵ𣿡ƵһЦ
˰üԵŮӡ
ʱȻֻħޣһֱֻߵĽɫһֻźɫëĺӣǰ֮ͬʱһ񣺡ˣ
ϸͷɵһ񼶣ħ裿
ȷʵˣ۽ޱƳ˼ҩ֮ǰѾӾż۷壬ͻƵ񼶡
һĻ⼸λаҿǰˣҪǶץ֮ͨڣ
ٿƵĿ⣬Ѿ˼ֵľηȴЦ˼Ҷ˵ǿǰڿȻˣС䣬ԺħҲͲȥˣˣ
֮䱾ûʲôټԵʣƾԲΪԼ
ˣһλһһҪǣ黹Ҫʱܣǹһ½飡
ﱾûˣƾͽ½ǵ齲һ飬գ׷üͷ
ҪΣҪ˵ԣҾԲڣǿɶ෴ֻҪǼ̣ͨôеҩܹÿһô
˵䣬ƾ͵˼񵤣˼ˡ
׷˵˿ɶ񼶣Ȼûгԣǹ԰ΣȴֵǲƹʹҩԼԾԥ
һЦ̤ͨ͵ڽңѵҪɱǣѾҪҶˣ
һ֮ͨĴźȻرգż񼶾͸оȻܵ˽ܵʮĸ޴ϣҲʼۼǿ·ʱѹ֮£ǸоֻԼС񼶵ԭô
ڣ֮£ѡţÿһҩ裬ᡣ
Ȼ֮Щ˵ɫһ䣬׷͵
һĻȴǵȻһЦҩһĴ󡣡
ּ䣬ռȻһ䶯ԭǰѾʧŲƵ˱Ƚʺķ֮С
ͨĴٴοƴŮͷ˳ȥͨƵü֮ڡ

Ⱥɽħɷصأħһ֮ڣһ췢ӥǵߺȻЦһڳˣ
һʱ䣬֮ڣŰתиʯ֮ϣĹ֡
ʯſ̤Ѿʮ˵Ⱥʱ׷׹һ񣺡̤񼶣
ɣţҵΪҲҲʱ򱨵һˣƣ׼ûУҵھ㻹ծʱˣ
ǵħڵѪɷ棬˵֮ɨһȺɻѾͷȥˣ
ڣȥڵǸ´ȥˣѪɷͽ춼ص
ûϢѾͷڵΪɷ
棬ǰѾﵽ˾ż
ŶǴһȥ½ƣ
棡
Ѫɷ
ʱ֮кȻһ޴ӰӰǳչʮĽɵģ֮ϣƵһˣֻЦңǺǺǡ
Ѫɷţɫһ̧ͷȥ񼶣
ٴηֽ֮ϵ֮ȴֲȻŭƣȻϷ򣿡
ȴһЦ㲻ҪѾˣ
ѪɷδͨʶѾ߻Ůӣ⻹Ǿż۷壬ƺʱͻƵ񼶡
ʲôʱôֵǮˣѪɷ
ߵѾսľǼλ񼶵ѹûһս֮ģʹͲηκεǿߣⶼܽĨɱˣѾܿˡ
ƣΣѪɷ˷ա
δֱͨӾʹüķɳѪɷ˹ȥ
Ѫɷһȫȼ˺ɫ棬ŭһħ壡
˫ƳֻɫĴȼյĺףӡ֮ͨϡ
䣡
֮ĺɢһ֮䣬ʧޣ·޴ĸһ㡣
֮ͨ·һɽͷ֮ϣɽͷֱӰȥףزɽʯ䣬ɽϵħн֮һ


243 ͻڼ
¥ħڵĵȫɵۣѪɷľԼħȻˡ
Х
ѪɷãȻ֪ʱ򣬴һХ޴γһֱѪɷ
ѪɷĸҴ⣬ɫŵļٶҲһħ׼ԼƵ˾ȥ
һ׵ĺɫƿХ̶һ֮䶼˴ǰ
򣿡һЦ΢΢һһ־ͳǵǰ

׵ĵסѪɷĹ
֣ȴסˣ˵͸ֹУҲյĳ񣡡
һ֮ƵӰʧˣһ̣Ѫɷǰ
ѪɷԾƵٶȣȴЦħźɫĻ棬ֱ¡
Ʋûжһȭӭħ
ѪɷˣΪƷˣȻͽֺԼħԿⲻɵʲô
һΪ룡Ѫɷһٶȷӿ˼֡

ƱĵɶȥѪɷǸо۰飬
Ȼû£Ѫɷ㵵ķƵֱۻƤûƿ
Ծʱȴһȭ˹
ҵҾʶʶħ죡ѪɷŭģκȻʮ·һصľˣ޴ȭһô󣬶׼ƾͺ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ڵһ㣬Ѫɷ֮£ٵɣֱǧ֮⣬ײһɽͷ֮ϡ
ѪɷʶһֱƣƾȻṳ̂һţһħ³ХƳ˹ȥ
ռһЩħҲ΢΢ſڣ¯³˲ֱףýѪɷ³ħȫ˰¯֮Уװĺ׵ϽҲ뵽¯֮˵ġ
ƵξʹʯͷˣһӰѪɷһ֣
䣡
һ׵ľ޴ӡֱӾӡѪɷϡ
ѪɷˤмΪΪƵӡ·ӡٶȡ϶ǿ
ʲô似ĪҲǳľ㵡
ĸ޷£ˡ
ֻգ˫ڼӡſһɽ֣
һף·𳤵һľ֣ƾֳ׹䣬еѪɷȥ
ѪɷͷޱȣƣȫһħҪǱˣɡ
ôˣħҲҲԽսԽµħ໡ħ壡
ֻѪɷ˫ۺȻ̧ǹֵͺ˹ȥ˫֮ѣһž޴ѪһѪɷͬӰ֡
䣡
ֵѪɷŪķͬʱɢһɿ񱩵ɢ䣬·ʯײռ޴ʹԶۿ޲ɡ
ٿѪɷ롣
ٺ٣ܣЦһţ
ʯȫʱƣ·һȼյμ˸βѪɷ׷ȥ
ż۷ǿߣ׷һܣʷûгֹģħڵˣˣ֪Ǻá

ŵѪɷȻײһεǿϣͷۻ
˼ô£ƾѾˣǡ֮һȭѪɷ
ѪɷħѾûˣ֪ԼǺ룬սⷴ˫ۿȴƵĵ
ء
ƴ⡣
Ȼδ񼶣ǰ뿪֮ѾˣҲѾ޵Ľӽ񼶣ʱƴһЩѣƿһҩһҩԼͣѾõʯᱻιȥˡ
ֻʱһãʯͬƵҲ˺ۣ񼶱Ͼ񼶣ڲʹ÷Ѫ֮ѪɷȻһЩԿ
Ƶ;ޣΪԻҽʳҩ
Ѫɷڸղűػ֮ʹ˼ΪԲеħ壬ڵʵѾﲻˡ
ԣ൱գǵĲӰǺװıըɫĹâͺɫĻ潻֣ذ
䣡
һҵѪɷͬʱɣٴһҩ֮κȻͨĶ㣬˾ޡ
СҪͻˣɫһϲ
ǣ˿ѾһϢѪɷ
ץ֮ͨڣħڵˣȫУһ
ʣµһЩħڵˣ׵ıŮ
ʱƣȷʵҪͻˣֻʯҲҪͻˣħͬҲͻƣ֮ǰץǸ꣬ѾƵħɣħȫڣββѾȫצӣ۸ӼӲѾȫĴﵽ˾ż磬츳Ǵﵽʥ۷壬츳ֻһ֮ң
ʱʯѾСԪӤֻ̬ԪӤȴһĿף˫ֽӡʶռ֮ڣƱһģһ


244 մ
Ƶʯ»ԪӤ̬طʶռ䣬ͻڼ
֮ԺеԪӤȻһŻ棬ӵƵȫŰ¯ħͬƵѪ֮С
ء
ϣȴּٵĻָƵ˫ϵĲʹ͡

ȻһʹУʶеԪӤٳɳѪ֮еҲԪӤȫգήʹһϢ
Ҵ⣬һ֣ƾ׳ʮҩ裬ʹԲ䣬ϡ
ֱԪӤƱһСʶռҲ׷Բеƽ
˫ֻо棬쳤Хһħɣһ֮䣬ʹﵽ֮ͨ⡣
ƳХһ裬ݡ
๫
С䣡
ŮҲɵգϲĶƣƵϣǸоֻǿ
ڴﵽ˷ڣƴһţһźɫĻ
ţ׳˰¯𽫰¯¯գ֮ͱҺֻ̬˫ֽӡиӡ䣬Һ֮ڣд˰¯֮ڡ
Ƭ֮󣬻ʧһոµĽͭɫ¯˵ǰӡء֮гŮĸй١
Ǿȵǣ¯ȻΧת޵ر׽
Ʒĵ˵ͷ
ƷѾ߳ˡ
ǰѽȡҰһȡﵽļ𣡡
Ůͷ׳塣
ƿ𣬽ѽͬʱӡ롣
ȥѽ·һ⣬֮Уֱ죬ƺһ㡣
ϧڻﲻļ𣬲ҲԳƵϸ߼ˣջ˵ǺͶ½Ѿ൱ڶʥˣƿ˵
أŮ
ſɱˣ΢Ǹһ𣬵ԺõõĲϣһٰǴһﵽ𣬱ͻӵԶסˣ˵Ը˵һϲһŭϲб
֮ǰ˵֮ǵǵǸȵ
ǵȻ̺һķڵʵǲƳģҳɹɹ׽٣ԺˣеЩҲҪģΪ˵ʥǳϵļλ֣ת½ĸ񼶣ٽЩӵʥ񼶴붷½ϵ˴ǵᣬ˵ᱦԼǱĶ־ΪǣҪɱĶ󣡡
ǻǵĶ𣿡ŮһЩ
˵ҲϵΪΪߵԴﵽ۷壬ҲǾżûʥǿߣҲ˵ǵĶһЩͼķ֮Ѿﵽ˶ҲǶʥ⼸ռһЩϣǵķҲﵽ𣬿ٺ٣ʱ˭ɱ˭һأ
ǻͨ𣿡
ҲˣͨڻֻǶʥϻ¯ҵȻҪƣ֮ǰﵽļǵĸݵأһڰ¯֮ͨвԽӵĳȡǣҲܴԱһЩϵĸ֣Ҳǵ̣ȥ½ǣûԼǲеģγɲԼ
̬
ŮҲ׷׵ͷ
ߣȥڣһ֮ͨüģ˽̤ɶȥ
ӴԺħھûˣħڵǧˣȫ֮ͨеͨħŵ
֮ʱ½ĳֲٴԪ䣬ʶעУʼħĸֹĲƸȻȫС
ʬתƿⱾ֮ǰһ
ⲿȻԽȫ֮Уһ˵ʶԽΪǿһСȼ˵֮У൱ռ˱˵ʬ壬һʱ򣬲ò˵һ˲ı
ܿƾҡҡͷΪʹֹ֮ԺͺΪˣɷеתͶ̥ȣ
ߵ֮ԪӤȫԶѾĸӤ֮УĸһԼոҲƽƣһǧ
ʰôУƾͨĶ㣬Ѫɷ֮ϣһƵһͷһĺݺݵĶơ
𼤶ħѾʧԸ⣬㽫Ϊ֮ͨͨħŵ
룬ϷȻѾܼ£ȻħͱһɱңϷֻԽԽǿһ죬㶨ҵѪɷɢ˫ֻ֮гޡ


245 СħŮ
ǺǺǣ𣿿ҲѾѵ㿴㿴һĻ
ƻּ䣬֮гһ棬ҡϡ񡢺˶׷ˣλȫڰš
Ըҵˣڿȥʣټߵ⼸λԼħޣΪ»ĸȣ֮ϳһĨЦ
ѪɷһĻɫȻѿڶܣ
ܣǺǺǣھͷ㣬֮ͨ߶ҲԽڷ㣬ȥ˳һ£ŭûκεãҪɱҲֻǵָ飬УҪ뿪һʺ磬ҲҪң
Աϣ⻡ѪɷָɣȻΪŨѪɷͿԪغγһתУϵĹѪɷڡ
ֱѪɷоڵƲ֮󣬲һŵĶƣû뵽˵žķԼ붯֣ǿǰĸżջסˡ
Сȥ񼶣˳ȥΪ׼ͨħŹ
֨֨һֱСıѪɷǰοߣֱѪɷһߵʱ򣬲ֹͣԣСӣ
ħޣѪɷǲ˲վǸŻ۽뿪ˡ
๫˵Ͷ𣿡ɻ
ûѡףڴܣ
ȻһƬɭ֣ɭϿգһŮӺһŮӣƴòֺ
СħŮ£Ƶɴ˫һŵӣѾûмŮˣֻףŮΪʲôڴܣ
ңҳȥһ֮ƾ뿪ͨվ˴ıҲСֻչʮҡ
ʵŮѾֹͣ໥չʮӴ֮£ǼΣС
ħޣŮ˫֮оһ˿־壬ǵĴһڰԼˡ
һ̣ѾСҲһӣ΢ЦĶǡ
ƣŮͬľ˳
ˣλŮڴأЦ
Ůգ϶һ죬ȷʵǱڴܣô˵
СħŮȷӦʵô
ŶҰոħڣⲻҪȥ·Ͼǣ
꣡
ȻЦ㴵ţҲôģһħڣ
ôţħ޿񼶣
˴һ˫Ũüħڣ
԰ŶҲħڵİɣƺȻҲħڵˣɫ
㣿ħڣϳʹ֮ɫ
Ҫ𣿲ҿûɱħڵˣֻǰǶץˣǸոճѪɷҲץˣ
ô˵ûȻתϲ
ҲħڵˣҲﳤʲôҰ飡
ץȥˣ
ƶ׳ͨͨߴһǧףݺݵ·֮ϡ
ŮȻڸ߿գûдﵽǧףֿͨ˿·ɫãȻ͡
棬ԼȥɣƵĻͨĴҲ֮
˵ֱӾ֮ͨڡ
֮Уֻʣ˹¡
ɫϲǣȻ˵飬ĸ֮鶼ǣȴһ
˵ʹֻҪƲҲƵ߸
ĿԣһЩɻΪڹµп飬ѾɬìͷСˣ¿Լһ㣬һѵСһֱڰңܰİɣѵҵӣ
ôһ룬ƺҲ޿ܣΪ֪һЩŮǺԼ׵ģһӱ˿Ǿ൱ʧˡ
ã²ſʵĻҪȥڣ
ƾѣ˵ͷֻҪǲҲɱˣȻ񼶣ҵǰҲûзϴڵ飬ҲֻΪĸ𣡡
ûй㣡עơ
㣿
ҪǣԴһڱ֮󣬾Ͳڣĸֺܶ࣬񼶾λһħޣǹԪ½󳬼֮һ
λ񼶺һħޣƳ˼
ԣȰ㻹ǲҪȥڣһǷ㣬һĴ׷ɱģ
ڹ𣿡ƴĿŹ¡
ȴĵ˵ͷ
ǺǺǣлˣģߵ񼶾ԱڵĶ࣬ڵ񼶣һҲܣһὫȫУԸĻҵǺϣܽҵ֮ͨڣ
ƵĻո˵꣬±㻯һӰֱӾͨӣƺڵƵ仰ˣһɵɵա


246 ֮ս
վڴıңԶһΰĴɽɽ֮ϣһռĹƣɹ
һĻƺȻ뵽ɸһڻ񻭵ľš
ǸʱһҪЦĸоǸʱΪǱڻϵӦʴһӦ÷ޱߣǳĽ
ħޣȻҿţٲͣ£ǾҪˣһȣ·ȻʮˣΪߣΪżɣʮ˲гţó°ۣݡ
Ƽˣȴ΢΢һЦһ֣¯׳˶Էʮ˵ͷһɫĹâӰ¯͵ػǰʮѾټ
ʲôˣһȣĺˣԶϵĴƵĶ
ƾ͸оȻ˼
˸񣬳ֳӰ˼һģģ룬ƮݷǷһȾĸ̬֮
ղŵŭǷһˣ˵Ϊ׵ľ磬ȲСȼ
ˣǸող񼶲á
̸һ飡΢ЦԴ
ԷҲϸĴƣƵϣͬ񼶵ƣƳĽҲͬ񼶡
ƣȻҴ⣬رǸղƾȻԼ˲ʧò˵ʮֹ졣
̸ʲôΪץҵˣе߿ʵ
֪ϲʶûиһ棿Ʒʵ˵ʵûн˵£ϵǰʮǧһˮƽ
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νĳ棬һֻۣһ飬Ҫ˶ãеˣҪ뿪ڣңһ·ͬеģ
λͬʱһüͷ
ʱȴѾڵ˷գмһƣɫ󾪣һλСģƣ
ƶһ˵ľȻڵ峤ϣȻһ壬һ壬֪ǱǷԵ塢ˡ
֮⣬вɱĿܺͿһ
ʨ޺ͻӰèҲЩ˵ԣΪעһͷޣͷѹ
һ˵ǰƣҲһݡ
ԭƣǺǺǣ̤Ь١ȫѹưƣ뵱ɼɣڣȻܵҫԼ
еһλЦһ־׳һڰǵԲ飬Բֱֱף׼ƾ˹ȥ
޼飿ȻжʥöƲǷϲüһâ¯ɳ˲һǷ޼סˡ
޼ƶټǰ׷˫һָӡ
ȴǲŲæһŻû˰¯֮ڣ¯ʱࡣ
ɫһʹһھѪ޼֮ϣ޼˲٣תͼѰ¯
񼶼ˣ׷üͷһ׳һͭӣǼ߻ӣ߻죬ɻƳ˹ȥ
Ժ֮еԪӤȴ˫ֽӡֱӶ֮ͨڣɻûаô
һ̣ƵüٴһŮ˳ͻ۽ޡ
һټƺʹλ񼶣ʵѹɢҪǣŮ׳ԼĶǼﵽĶʥ
ѳХֱƶԷߣ۽Ҳ˫⣬˹ȥ
ΪֱӣԼħޣ˻һҲǰȥ
ͻȻı仯ڵ˼һַĸоôһӳô񼶣ʮܳѾǳˣƾȻŪô񼶣һǴԴôܣ
ʹǲţǹȴʵʵڵġ
ڵ֮£ֻܷƵĹ˫ֽӡһ֡
䡭
쳹գ񱩵ľʹǧ֮ɽ嶼ѷ죬·ľֱӻɷĩ
ѵõĻᣬ¯ǿֱӾͽ޼˽ȥ
ʱڵĴϾ͸о޼ʧȥһϵôôܣϹ˵ĹѨеõģȻȲƵ¯
գָɣ¯ֽ߻Ӹ˽ȥ
ƣ㻹Ҫɱ㣿ǴϺֱơ
ƵȴȻʧ̫Ҷݷڴﵽ֮ǿ߸ܷ֡
ڴһ˿գȴ˴˫̧𣬶׼ͷһ
ܸԸЩͬҲι˲ٵҩΪҲ˲٣ٶȸǴ˫޴ķ뽣ײһ


247 ɽ
䡭

һҽУա
ɲǴģƣеƣֱӶݵ˴ϵͷֽͨ˳
ͨĵȼ¯ȴޱȣĹֻܲװˣײˡˣ
ҵΪλϲ࣬ɱͨһ
Ϸ֮ͨѾˣֻʹ˫֧ţͼſͨޱȵͨʹֻ첲ֱӹۣҲΪ޴ѹѪ
䣡
ͨ׹صףѾˡ
һд˲ֹͣڵ޲ɵɵĶͨ
ͨʵ̫ںȻһһֺɽĸо
ջͨϼ࣬ûΪδɢҲһ΢ˡ
ͨĴŷС
ٴڵ֮Щ޲˼Ŀ֮з·𿴵һΪ֮
һĻͬʹͶӰñѺ֮ͨе˹ۿ
ҵ˼һĻ޲ֱʱǲŷԭֻҪ½е񼶺ҪԪ½Ҳһͳͨ̾˵˵ô򵥡
˷ҧгݣΪԽߣԽʹޣƲǵ֮˽𣬶֮ޡ
֮ûɱҲϣת䣬ڿעҪʧˡ
˵ҲǸзӦرѪɷ˿ĭƾȻڶ
֮ͨ⣬֮ϣĶڵ˵ȣһǼ̵ͨˣһɲɱͨߴţͨŽǵĹһ֮䣡
ʱ֮ͨзɳһŮǹ£Ƶԣڵ˵˵˵ģ֮ҪŨĶ࣬ƭǵģħѾ˳ˣ
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˵ϻԼѡ񣬱Ϊǿӳȥһӣ
ƿһжʵ˵һſʯ׳գûصס
һͽڵƤӵ²öɣͬʱͨΪģһεĲɢȥ֮رɫ޾ĻĮȡΡȺɽͨԴĻ
ȻֻԻԷȴûԻһˣ˾ͷڵ˷·һӱûһãȻ־塢š
⣿⣿ô£ڵ˲֪ԡ
գͨ⣬¯׳ϷձһƬӰһ񱩵ͷų͵ػ
һڵɽҲˣͬһɽȫ˰¯֮С
Ȼλ񼶺һֻ޵ֿ֪ԼѾˣֻ֪ԼߵͻȻʧ΢΢ĶŸ߿֮еİ¯
ʱҲɫ԰ףĹȣ߶һɽôˣɲһ򵥵顣
գ¯üģ˿ˣʣµһ޾ͽˣ
Щ˶ɵˣôһɽȻһʧˣˣԣʲôûˣãȻ֪룬ƵǶû
Ҫôǿʵ찡⣿Ӧӵе𣿱Щ켶춼˵ǿ󣬿ǶЩ˵ǳԼǰﻹǰ
С䣿ɴ˫ҲģΪʹ˻
һҩĺһΣЦԺҲеģ
ѽŮ
ֻϧҵʹùȣ޷ԸˣǻæЦ
ţǵģŮʣµλϷ˹ȥ
󣬴۽ޡҲȥ
˷ӦͨڵȴûУħǧ˵ӣɴһƬȻ֮С
ʹƵĹ˷ҲŴͣ˺£
ʣµͺ׽ˣټ󷨣һͽڵʣһ޻ܣ֮ͨڡ
ͣľһЩһ֮սջ˵ʹЩӵзˣҲûˡ
ɽ˰¯ʲôɸķеطأ
ҪɣͱҪЩ˵ɸʲôֻҪɸôͲõЩɵıѡ
־ɲӦоУһҪɹӸУЩƸԶüƷʵĵҩ͸˵ˡ
ȣƽǸ޼ⶫѾѪˣ˽Լʹá
жԸİ취ֱͶ֮ͨУʹ׻ڻƳľѪѪһ׻ա


248 ܣ
һźڰɫҺƵģƵһᣬηɳͨſһ˫ֽӡһǧӡ󷨣Һ±ɺɫӣ׳֮ͨϡ
ٴο𣬽ɫͨ׵Ϊһ塣
ͨѾ޽ӽˣֻҪܴﵽ𣬾Ϳ֮ͨڿٴ͵ĴԪռ䣬ؽ
ԼĽƵԺиֳǿǷնܱյ棬Ǻε
ʲôʱͨҲܴﵽּͺˣЩİһ
ֻϧ챦̫٣ĺöҲ࣬ѷɼҩĺڵĺöҲֻƬ½˵
̺طĿҩ붼롣
¯ҪΪṩʮҲܽںƳɵͽ׵
ڡħšǹԪ½еǿڱ𣬵޼飬֪ʲôöٺ٣ǣͨҲﵽľ磬򼶱
ƴ㽫ͨƬ½ΪʥأûҲ޷£ֻԵķȥ֮󣬼ƵԸ£ᡣ
֮ͨڣȽǧħڵ˾ۼһѪɷͷɥվƵԣһﲻ
СħŮ˫оϲɫĶơ
ѪɷԸҺƿʵ
µѪɷ˵ʲôֻͷ̫ɻ󣺡Ǽ¯ʲôɽıյˣ
ħһã̧
ѪɷӴԪȡħ
ֽ̧ӹһڻһᣬħڻˣֻ˫ֽӡӡ˸ѿһ϶˲ϣʧָħ̬
ӱħ˸Źâ֮⣬û˿ı仯
ǣѪɷУµһѪ֮ɫʱʹһ
ΪȻһֱа׵ľ޴ռ䣬ңռȻԶħ
ħ֮ۿɼħƼħ֮ڡ
⣿⣿
һɣȸٰ죬ﵽʥӦòѣ
ʥ
֮Ϊʥû˵ƺƵĿѪɷ
Ѫɷһ죬ȥ֪һֻҪﵽ񼶾ˣôܻȥ֮ʲô
ŶĲ֪úֻҪ⣬һȥһʺħȥĵطǼҩԳһѡһЩ츳õģҲһǳմﵽ񼶣
ιιأҡ۰Ͱ͵Ŀơ
ѪɷһŭûûС
ǺǺǣûϵҵĺѣ˵䣬ȡһƿҩÿһ֮ڣӦҲܴﵽ񼶣
˵꣬ƵӰֱʧԭء
֮ڴﵽ񼶣жŴͣеƿ˫¶˼̰
ҺúȥӴԺ󣬲ħˣֻͨħţԺ̣ͨԺ󶼸Ұչ£ڣҸԼΪȥҷ䣬һħЩħĶһ¥ϵڶݲ㣬ԽħͻԽŨΪǸȥᱻħɣʮ㣬ǾͲˣϷڵʮݲ쿴Сӣ
ѪɷֵķԸš
ʦǴӴԺǾͳȥˣ춼üͷ塣
ȥﻹôŨħҩ㣬˵ܿﵽżħҪףһҪĵʹǿԿҩȥˣͿˣ

ѪɷʼΪڵӽɻѾﵽ񼶣ҰȻҪࡣ
뿪֮һ¥εĴ¯֮еڵһһȻɽʱ޷ŲƵˣֻܼڰ¯֮С
Ȼһİڵɴã֮С
ƵȴǵϣǽλŪ˶㡣
һƣͼȴԼ޷ŲΡ
ôûд򹻣ƽŪеĴ߻ӣ򽫴߻ַ֮ɵƵģưװͨĶ㡣
߼ˣһãȻ߻ǿǿ˲ȥҲûãȻôıƸˣ
֮˵ӦҲû̫ĳޣ֮ڣΪһֱ׷ɱңһҵĸĸǿһ
ƽ¯¯Ȼ͸ɫɽɼڵɽԼȻܵ˰¯ˡ
⣿ôܣܣһǻþһʹûƭǣϺ


249 񼶳ϰʦ
λϵıŭͿϹЦݣֻЦе䣬˵
ǱΪǻ¯̺֮޴ĴԪռ䣬һɽûʲôǵĴԪʲôģѾժˣ˵ĶҵУ룬һɸֻҪһڱ˲ɸһ٣ıƣ˵˻ô
˵䣬һڴϵָɳ˰¯ǰ
ڵλϼˣɫ࣬Ϊͨ¯ȫԿϵѾ֣֣Ѿ֪ˣ̫Ϥ
㡢㡢Ľɽ¯棿µĺȻ
ɽ֮пǲŴɸֻ˵ģʵԼɸҲ֮ڣƲ֪ʲôȫˣǵɸҲͲܴˡ
ʵҪ֪ǵɸʲôǺܼ򵥵ģҴ˽ǶɱˣȻ⣬ǻУջ˰¯
㵽ҪôϷʵ
̸֮ǰǲҪҽһأҵڻ֪ǵ֣
ơɽ硱
µֻεЭ
˭ģƵ˵ͷ
ҵģƿڡ
ԼɣҲ㣬ԺһѱħޣˣǸӰè˭ģԽǵֻһҪĺè
ҵģɽһ
ȻˣԶˣһһɻǵķ
ɻĿƣƲӣ˵Ȼ֪ﵽ񼶵ɣر𣿲ٴΪ
壿΢ü΢΢ͷ൱ڷ񾳽磬ҪٴΪͱҪԪӤʶռУ뱾ܣֱȫںϣͻﵽ徳磬൱Ѫ໥ֱɽ١
ʲô壿϶סˡ
ǲ֪֮ʲôɻ
ҡҡͷ
ǻĲ֪ϵ˵֮ʥ򣬵˵ֻǷڣϱǺڣ
ô֪ģĿ֮˺Ȼ֮ɫ
֪ıĶö࣡һ֣ſϡ
ƸղһԣٴǷ
ҲߣǲţҲʲôɸģûȱ㣬ҽɱһ֮ԪӤֱ壬ıһ޶ǷҲǷ񣡡
Ͻ˫Ҫȸղſ¯ɽװӲ죺㣿㣿ߣ㻹֪֮ϵ
ǵȻͨӵܣҶᴫһзţ˵ɣƶֵ˼ҩɵ֮ǵƽٻָ
϶סˣûȥӣΪǷǳĽⵤҩô͵ϿƣϿ̣ͨƵĵλ
Ҳôŵҩעˡ
㣿ĿԴ֮ϵĹٴηһ
ĵ˵ͷ
໥һۣȻͬʱڵأͬʦϣͽһݣǷģӽ쿪ʼ̣ͨñʦʦţ
˰죬Ҳû뵽ϼһȻת䣬ģ˿Եģһ̶ϵͬǵĵģҲ˵ħϲΥһ˵Ǿͻᱻħɣȫʧ
һ㣬΢΢ͷһʦߵӣ̧˫֣ǲÿ˸һҩ裺ȥްɣǵ˶Ҫȫ̡ͨ
ʦģͽǣͷѾָɣƹһ˳ȥ
ȰʦһĻͬͨ˵֪ħɡԼѺﾲ޵˵ȡ
Ѫɷ˰죬ȻһţˣţϵȻܵǰˣħڿǵһ̵ͨɣôҾǰʦأģⲻУҵȥʦҪȻԺʲôöûҵķˣ
˵䣬ƿ˷ţ¥ݣһʮһ¥¥ݿڣʦʦɲҪͽͽͷˣѪɷģӽ쿪ʼҵʦѪɷ̵ͨһӣбѣú
ɣϿȥúȻỹһս㣡ƵѪɷĶ䡣
ʦģͽһΪʦǣ׹ţѪɷ˵ƨƨˡ
־ϣʲôǾͣϢֱ۷塣
ʲôݣʲôǣʵѾںˡ
û˷ԣĴͷѾͶЩҲֻˡ
һĻĻϵĳ񡢹񼶣˷ǿнţܣԲܣһƭ˵ģƣ㲻˼ˣҹ˷ҲͶģ


250 ħ
Թ˷ֻǲмЦЦ˷ڻɱҪҲӦڶ½
뿪ͨôԼУڴ˫΢գʼתѪ⡢ԪӤħ顢һֹĸо
עħϵʱȴֻûеצǶûС
¹ǣҪȥأҵħ¹ǣԴﵽʥ۷ħ츳˰ɣĻֻҪħ黯ɣڵצֻڶ½Ѱˣ
һվħţħһɣħħеĵλ൱еĵλûڶ࣬񼶸ȴпܳڣмΪ񼶣Ҳ֪
ɱ壬չʮ·һƬӴĽɫƣ֮мƮݡ
ֱ֮ƲŴӾֹͣѶϢħŵˡ
ħֺˣӦôȺɽУħŵפ֮󣬲ŷԼشˡ
һǳأ޴ĳǳأɹ˶٣˿а
ħű޴ĳǳУߴ׵ʯſڣʯ֮䣬һľħѪɫɼ
ԶԶĿһۣ·һɱ
޴Ĵĵû̫Ĺעǳ˷·˭ﵷңƽ
ôС˵ֱӵ¯ħפصϿա
ħռطԲĶССķǧ䣬¥֮УѪħɷ
¯ڳ£һɫĹâýħסһɾ޴֮֡
գ
ƴ㽫ħȫ¯֮ڣ˭ð¯˭
뷨Ǻõģǣ·Ȼһǧ׵ľ޴ӭŰ¯ȥ

¯֮ټ
ͷҲһΪ֮˵ΪĽףҪڵƴϻҪ߳һ
Ȼ񼶣ȴֻǸո̤룬֮Ĳ࣬൱һļ֮Ĳ࣬Ҫӵ¯Ǿǲһս֮ġ
ʹƣʹһҲķʹͨľս
һ֮ħ֮оʹһȣôĵӣȻҹħţ
أһѪɫŮӣ˸߿֮УѪɫ䵶׼Ƶİ¯

¯ȻԷĵײ׵ľ룬ɫһףȻĹȡ
Ůӳ֮ħλ񼶳գǺ췢Ůԡ
λ񼶣ջذ¯վڴ֮ϣηĶŶԷ
췢ŮӶƵİ¯Ҳη壬ղӴ֮ʹҲܵ˼ĽҪȻƴźķħԪħžͺпܱȫ¯֮ڡ
ǣ¯ȻСԴ档
ħţˣ΢΢ȭЦ
ǺˣλħŮУ˫¶ɱ
ħŲҵ̣ͨӴԺħţȻнɶʧԪ½½ֻ̣ͨ
һ֮󣬾͵ͨ
·˿ħ֮ǰһ޴ĿյأֱһǧףʹȥӦҲ̫ˡ
һΣͨû̫죬ǻأӴĽȴǳе˷ˣرתĲɫâ˵еɹ
̣ͨŮµĶͨϵ֣ǵע⵽ƵΪ֮󣬲ɵһЦƾ㣿һ񼶵Сƨһֻո̤񼶲õС񣿡
С񣿹ƿЦһĴûУ˵С񣡡
֪ʶ˽Ĳ֮࣬ûȻʹƬ֮䣬ʹﵽ˷Բʮ򣬼ǳظ˴룬ԭǬ·Ȼ˵ģһӽƷ쫷硣
ôĪΪƾһһޣħǰ˵󻰣˵СӣֻҪ㽫͸ղǸ¯£ǿ㲻ôһӿЦ
һһޣƵҡҡͷֻͨ򿪣̤һȺˡ
ħѪɷڵλ񼶳ϣޣ۽ޣһֱԥҪҪ̵ͨڤ񸮵ϡ񸮵첨񸮵İ׷ˡ񸮵ĺ˶һ˺죡
˴ޣһʮλ񼶣ټƺʹʮλ񼶡
֮񼶣ħڵλɵˣעЩˣһ仰˵ǵֻһ뷨ܣԲܣʲôʱ񼶱ôֵǮˣ
Ѫɷڵλƹʩ񣬿гƺʦʱħŵ⼸λΪԼۻˣǲԼĻþ
๫
ǼŮƵĳƺ

һЩ˶˳ƺ
ûгĹ˷͹ңҲͬħŵһ׵ɵ۴͡
þãħŵλŮӲŻصעƵˣʵҪħţ
ʹڲ㣬֮꣬ħҲҪУ
֪췢ŮӸԲ죡


251 ħ
û췢ŮӵĲ죬˵ͷԣħų綼֮
˶񼶣ħŵļλɫ粻սͶһʱ˭Ҳû⡣
Ǻ췢Ůӳ˼ãƵֻҪսңħſͶǣҶ򲻹˶ڣħž䣡
ʲô֣Ʒһ
췢Ůһ죬˵㶼ˣȻҵֶ֪Ǵ￴ң
ŭӣ
ӣְɣ̤һ뿪Ӱҵʱͣ
ӼˣЦһ˫һ֣Ⱦ˵ĵơ
δȴֳһɫף·һսͷϻǣ˫ȭӶҽ棬Ӳʮɳĵ
䣡
Ʊһ֮£Ȼʧ
е˲ɵһȻˣˣ
ǣһ̣ӵıͳƵӰֻֻƳһƣһʵĴӡͷ˳ȥ
ӲѾעܱ仯ȻʹѪħ壬ܷ·һѪӣѪΧתɹĽƵһŻ־һ
ٴʧžͳ˺ӵͷУȴһͷŲɫâǹ
ǹ൱Ƶıں˾ż֮Ƴɹ񼶣֮ȻֽĲصѾ¯ͬļˣ
һ£ǹǲ׶ģգҪ߳ĸСȼĺӣҲͲ֡
ǹһȷһֱӵԺӾ͸оһѣոѣͷǹѾԼͷ

ӼŲƵͬʱ˫ͼʹ˫Ƶһǹ

һǹ˫ֱƺӵͷӸոŲƶ㿪ȴǹ֮һһţȻֱӽȥ
˾ͷ֣ӱһ̵˶֮£Ƶĳǹںӵͷ
ֻоԼҲ޷Ų֮£Ǻ촽΢΢һѪɫħͱ˳
ħһͷų˿񱩵Ѫħ֮
䣡
Ѫħ֮ĳ֮£˲ɢ»ָɣһѪҲӰһѪӵӰ֣ʹƸ޷
ջǹעԽԽѪ˫ֽӡٺһħ֡
һƾֳȻǴƬѪֱӾץУ
ѪʱС˴룬˺ӵӰͷ֮ϣһѪɫħＱתͷųѪɫħγһ޴Ļ֣ӱС

ӾһѪɫħǣȻָǴַ·©ƤƬ֮ʧɢ
ƵһѾˣ˫ӡһħԣ
涇
ѾǷҵˣǰһôǾǸ۾ȫõȴ٣ͨ־Ҳɶпġ
һ·ƵĿбųһһ飬ɿ˺ӵԺ֮С
ֻǺӣλ֮Ҳɫ䣬·Ժ֮˺ҧһ㣬궼˺ѡ
˫ֱͷͷ֮ϵѪɷħѪħɷ͵ػ׹䡣
һ֣ȥѪɷħץС
ҪˣͶͶշ˾Ǳ裬Ѿڸա
գŻַƽȻֹ
ãеħͷ˫ֱͷֱɫɷס
ʲôӲ֪ԣƵĿѾ˼־η
ħԣƿһ
Ҫħ̣ӵɫһ䡣
ˣ̰ͨ¸ţȻųħһ࣡
ӵָ԰׵ɫһѪɫʣ̣ͨΪʲô
Ǵﵽħ֮ҵĿ꣡
ħ
ͬһҲҪݻٻħ̣ھǵϣһͬŬ
˵úҪħţħŵһŭ
ô˵ҳϣӴԺħţκħɣֻͨħţ
㣿ÿĿ˵ţȻһźɫ棬׼ƾ˹ȥһѿҲɽһӰ
һԵĲǹתγһ׶εżƿӭŵӰͷ˹ȥ
Ӱɢǹȴɲͣ͸ɫ棬һԷæ򿪻磬ڲǹ֮£ͬ裬ֱָʺ
һУ񼶳ڵλħˣһжûмס
ˣƲħŵӦֱӾջ˲ǹ


252 һѶ
ӲĶƵǹЩԼһ죬ƵǰȴӲȥʲôħԣеǹֻǿһۣ͸һηĸоη壬·޼᲻ݣ˫ոϣͱǹһ顣
ʲôԷΡΡʵ
̣ͨȻ֪һУ
ħŵԥˣȴһ䣬һɫԺҲᰲ֡

ͨĶȻͭӵħе˶ʱ;Դ·ʲôһϵͭһѣ
һƣ¯ɳһâ£ħ˲룬·ħռĶĹҲεض𣬷˰¯֮ڡ
¯СƵüģǹ
һĻȻΣȻ˵æȴֵĻᶼûУħ񣬾ıƸ㶨ˡ
ƵʲôΪûһ̣ٿƵĿ⣬ޱȵľη
ѪɷһĿȣħݷľǿߣֻҪǿͻ㣬ٶĵٺԶĿ꣬Ҳá
·ǳе˵Ǻθܣƴ˷ͨϿգѻȸŮһĽĿⶢơ
ǷƵı仯ԽԽνҲˣƾͷ·һĬõĻɽŭھۼۼһ̶֮󣬱Ȼһŭ죬綼˶ڡ
ڽ˵ҪͨǸأһ˶뿪Ŀɨˡ
޲ͷ
֮ͨУ½˷ɳħڵħˣڵɣۼԭħׯ԰Ƭյϡ
Һ͹˷ֻܵ˴رĹעѹš
ٿƣ̧֣ͨСƵǰ˫ֽӡһ¯Ŵüķɳ½Ʈ
ЩɶħƵĶвǿſɱʥ򶥼Ѫħ飬Ҳƴ֮ͨڡ
ֻ˫ֲϽӡ֮УΪһʵ
߻ӡѪɷħ顢޼飬Լ߼ʹͨ׵Ϊһ塣
ʧһͨͨ⣬âһۣһεĸо
Ҳ׳أ׳ؿһռ󷨣ֱֻʮף൱һ޴ˮأǣȴǧĶ
ߴУҲƵ˸ֿռִҪħԼռӿֲģ൱һƬС½أԪظŨ
⣬ƻרΪħǿһħ޿ռ䣬ռʮħ޾ۼҲԲ⡣
˾һһҹƲŽͨ½ڵ棬Ը˷ͨ
ûܣҲû˸ܣֻͶƣ˷Ȼ뵽ȴûǸ¡
ͨüģ񼶸Ҳȫۼͨ㣬ʱ˷ǰĻѾ˱仯
ҰΪտһƬӨӨĲԭһ޴ׯ԰ƺŮķԺһټ׳أ׳棬һζš
ˣͨﵽļ𣿡Ůɫһϲ
ȴҡҡͷͨȻѾﵽļ𣬿ȴ޷ûԣҪӵԣҪﵽļֻ󷨹ճ壡
˵䣬ƾͽ¯˳ħ½Ʈ´һŭĶƣȴûж֡
Ҳᣬ¯ʧɵͨ²㣬ħŵĵӣյȼɢ˸ݲ㣬ֻҪǿߵħվʵ
ҵ˶ôˣһɫġ
һûȫҵ֮ͨڣúÿϷɣ
ƵӰͨڲռʧ֮Уɳڴ֮ϡ
һվ
סĵطҲ˵Ƭ½ΪΣ֮ء
һ˵˵ÿһˣһ˳ԣ½е켶ûкӣ˿ôҲ
Ǽ٣û֪ȴǼﵽ񼶵ĹģҲǸΪصɣĶ
·ϣڲͣƷһɽȡΪɽѹ޳ޱȣСѹףˣֻйѹ
Ʒǣȴû㹻ĲϣڳΪ֮ǰͱԶչθɾˣ൱һƬأϵεĶһȫޣʯĶ֮١
ƳһרųζǶԸеĹ꣬û⡣
¯ǶԸЩģ¯ֻȡȴ޷öӣʹͨѱǻпܻᵷҡ
ӴıȽ磬ǰʱͷʦ׽һҲйһֻΪ̫ͣҲֻǾż
еΣڣĻ඼ϹʱڵЩǵˣ֮ͨ⣬ʥ򼶱ģЩȻˣҪһĶȹ̫𣬵ǻȴ쳣ӴҲֻлľż֣Ÿ˵ء


253 
ޱȣ൱ڵص׵һƬ½пɲֻľۼأҲݻ˵һһҪʮλȥ½аλ֮ɼеʵжǿ
ڵȺɽããޱߣڿ׼һͼɽʱʹá
ǺȻջ˻棬ֹͣƣôСʶ·һɽ壬ɫ֮һϲ
ɽǧҵĸ߶ȣƾȵǣӦɽϢ
ޣȻܵˣƵ¶
һǿνõ֮ˣôһɽзŹ֮
ϣ޻ڡװϣͷϵ߿Ȼ˵ѾͻƵ˾żǺȣкܴһξ롣
ûа취ֻװ
ܿװȥˣΪͷ֮ϣȻһ޴¯¯֮Уͷųҫ۵ĲɫâǾ޴סˡ
գ˫壬ϵӡ¯֮С
໣޸ܵΣգڷһ޽Էɡ
ޱȵģҪɽӳأ¯ҲΪ
ƽһξѪ˰¯֮ϣ¯Ĺâţٴࡣ
ڻķһţû¯֮С
ƵӰҲ֮û¯֮ڣգޡ
޴ʱֱУʵŭš

ָ任¯Ƭ¶ȶȻڶ𣬾ͽ޸
𡭡
޽ζĿڱ֮иǷɳɫ
Ƽˣᣬڰ¯УЩ쳣롣
۴ޣѾıҽһĶԽԽС󻯳һɫҺ塣
¯մһһų˫ֽӡʼ󷨣Һɽֽ̬֮ոƵġδɹɽϿգǻš
ƵĶͷϵĺԽԽ࣬ɫҲԽԽƣٵţȴκεͣżһҩĿУҲ۾գһ¡
һӲӵĽǰ֮ųĳһ
ŤͷֻҵǵѪ׼ҵɽƽĽɫѪҺƹĲš
һ֮󣬽ĵײʱͷųһĻЩС
ɢӣǵײϹĻ֮ȴֲòǸ롣
Ƭ֮䣬𼸺ȫɽ֮ڣɫѪҺɽʹɽԵøׯأʬеҲɽ
ɽĵײΪıΣʮߴǧףͨڲͬԳɿռ䡣
޵Ļǣȴˣʶɢֻһԡ
ԣ˵ɽѾҪƵİ¯
ǣ˫壬ôȼߵ˷ѣÿƳᦡ
ֻٴ׳˼Щ˿ӡ󷨵֮󣬾ͱһɫС죬߳һңƵĴ߶֮£ȴȻǵ˱߳ףЩ걻У˵˻

ᦺȻȼһ𣬸֮Ľܼһ֮ϣϵĸֳ͹ͼ롣
ʱ֮ЩʧˣΪеĵһƵָӡ
ɽᦣӦùӦЩˣ˵һȥյǣҲﵽļ𣡡ƵȻһЦ뿪¯ڲռ䣬³˴֮ϡ

ĺɽֲôСȸӣվԼļͷһɽ֮С
ɽԼΪͣס
ǱһʱȻء
һ磬½ȣص׾ް⣬ֻһЩ˸ɫ⣬ﵽ𣬸谭ߡ
ϵƵĸй٣¿ȥҪôһЩϲֲҪôǹͺͺĹľżֻѻʹصضֲ
Ͽȥ·𱻺Ÿǣʶ޷֪̽
ڿշ裬ƽʶչ̽鷽Բ򣬲ٹ»Ұε
գ
׳ɫᦣͿչĽ£ڿն֮ȫС
СʱƲֹͣѾʮ꣬Щ궼ûжɹ̫ģްԶҲȽףʹףҲҪʱͻġ
Сǰƿ𣬽ᦷա
治ϵĴǵĹᦸֱ죬Լʮ֮ջᦣһҩվͼǰǰȴȻëȻЦٺٺ١ˣ


254 Ź
̧ͷȥǰ½˾ŸˣŮ˵ĸоȴ쳣ı䣬·ûѪһ㣬źɫӣɫɷס
Ÿ񣿡ưһ
õϢ˵һ㳤òˣȺѪɷšڡħţҹţһӦþͻֵеĸˣһ֪ƣΪһ˳رߴ׵ĸͷ˫ͷɫâ
ڴ˹âע֮£ƾ͸оԼĻǶһ·ܵһɾ޴
Ĭ䣬˫ָ󣬿һƣ
Էôָ̬ҲһЩ죬ԼɻĿǷǳŵģʹͬ񼶣ôʱָȴ٣ǺܿȻҲҲȡˣ
ˣֻǣЩεǣҲһɣƿһ
ôĿһߴ˴Զɶ
˦ȥΪ߳һ˫ĿΪǣüĻһĿ
ǣʮλ񼶣ûУɨˣУвֻǸͷĹֻľǣΪƺͺӲ˶١
ô˵аսһѶˣĿĿɱ
Ҳشü֮һոƲ͵ɽգǷԲʮһ䡣
·˼ˣɫһﻹҶƲм˵׷ˡ
ɽ֮ϽתɫĹâ˲ڵ֮ϣŴ׵壬ȫ˹Ļ֮ڡ
Ź󣡡׸ߵ۹һ
˾˿ΧһȦǣ֣ӳһ壬ɫ֮ӿͱһ޴ĺ
ԭصľˣĶסˡ
ͬʱĿȴ˹жţֻ֪һսԱ
ĿȻ򿪣һ׹׼ƾ˹ȥ
ƼˣüٴһͨӭĿĹƮ˹ȥ
䣡
ͨ΢ȻأصƵȴٰθߣ֮ͨϣţ֮ͨڷɳ񼶸֡
Ѫɷһ˳ϡ˶ȵˣ
Ŀǵ˼ˣɵɫ䣬Ū¥ɽδڵģЩ񼶸αƴϵġ
³ЩˣȫĿˡ
ǶռŹ
ղˣҾѹǣɽ޷ȡľŹΪɽУΪƵʵ̫
Ƶһ֮ɽȻأŹɵĺɫѹɽ֮¡

ɫûصףƾȵǣȻûб飬֧ɽ
ͬʱԶϵĴֹХǧڶɹ̫Ĵ£ɽɱ˹
Χɽٷ裬ƹ׵ͼɽῪ
ȻɽͱЩСŅ̀ĺʱп
ȴŲæ׳ɫᦣͳĻӴɽ͸ͬƵСҲ
ᦷɵƵУлȫʧɽٴѹȥ
Źڼ֣Զϵиֹ

ͨһĴ󣬴Сԡ
ô˻ٴ׳ᦣ֮йһն
ɽѹŹƶһ˷ɵԶʼϵȡЩꡣ
ûİŹǲɽѹģ񼶸ƶɣȻȼߣ̺ȴΪֲ˵а߽׵Ļƽ˴Ľ䣬˫ع
԰Ĺ걻ᦣֱƵǰһƬޱ޼ʵĺ֮ʱֹͣ
ǣȴһֲõԤУ·һɿֲ֮£ͷ
浽ʲôƻ𻨻Լĸ룬ҪСģҲû˵
ʱȵɣҽĻٽǹȫոȻٴ
˵Щ
ص֮ͨغ󣬷еĸѾƷ۽޴ͨʣһĿ֧ţҲѾʮλΧˡ
Ƽˣһü֮кȻһ⣬͸ȺֱĿʺ
Ŀһָոմ򿪣綹һ飬ʺһĺͬʱһҲĴԣȻء
ǹޱȣ磬ڱĿǵʺ
ٴ֣̽һδͽĿӵ֮ͨڡ
˼ˣ޲㵣֮һ̾ϢԼ˴˰죬ƵһǹԼԸղһǹҲֻܱɱ


255 
û룬֮ͨڣʹ꣬ȡĴ֮֮С
ֱ֮ᦲŴ󹦸ɣȻûʣǣȴҲѾﵽƷ
Ʒ൱ҲƵǿˣһΪϣΪΪ
ᦡɽͨ¯ǹ壬ģʹԻҲбķȻ򲻹ǿ϶ˣֻ
ʱ䣬Źڿ֧ţֻɵĺС࣬ɫҲǳıˣԼԼɿԿǵӰ
ջͨվɽͷųĹâ棬ɷͶͶֻܽҵ
ȡᦣֱӾͲ˹Ļ֮У֮£͸
ɽâţͬᦺͱĺһͬС
ٶԸЩСǾǶš
һɽŹ巨޷ʹˣǱۼκεԪء
վ֮ϣ߿գͷžˣ鲻齵
ٺٺ٣ͲҪˣ֪Ϊʲô˹ΪǾͶ͵طǲ£ǲ£㣿Ҫǣٺٺ٣ֱΣŽ̫ٲǵԪ񣬾ƾ㣿е۹Ц
ɨ˸񣬼ǵֻЦ֪ǲջˡ
ȷʵ˵ǰǹ͵ڱѣǺпܻģ˾ŵѣѾʯ
ˣѪ֮ڻǾǵգȣҲ
ȴַŪǣ˵ȻˣҲֻóȫˣ֮󣬻ΪеľŴ
һ֮󣬾Ŵȼ˻档
ƾҪǣ룡ŹͬʱХ
նʱŴֱУȻѽ
ҪɱǵĻֻҪʹ֫ɣҪĻǣԺΪԼãҲͱȽ֡
΢˼вϵָӡĬơ⡢⣡
˲ӳŹ
ǺɲϴŹþһᦲϵ͹ǲʱͼ
ܿʹɽɳһһѾﵽ߼ħ޵ĺڹ
ڹƵʮħеһֻٻøţ࣬رΪӴ
ںڹϿһڣڹѪϣ͸ڲռ䣬˾Ź
˵ڵڹѪҪõĶ࣬ŹĲҽǿҡ
ţᦵĳ
ľŹԽԽСʧޡ
ֻҪΪҿ֮дԺ󻹻дĹʳƺ
ûлƵĳ͹ѪķգڸܵļҲ˼ɢȥƣ֮£ֻ֮ڣǣɱǵԣᦾͳǵĹޣ飬Ǳ
ܿ죬ϾͶ˾Ÿףݣرһˣ˫̹⣬ͷųֲϢ
ڱƷòʹַУƻŪĥǣ
뿪ɽͨķ䡣
ʱɷ߷߲ƽǵȡᦣŴ֮ƶʱȥ
ȻΣǣѪ˵кܴôģɽҪǵѪ׼ǿʵǻԼѡ񣡡ּһ鳡
Ŀֱҧɵͷȥǿˣϥ򵹣ɫϵĿԸΪˣ
꣡ȡ˼껷ֱûڡ
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264 
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ħ޵Ŀ־ԼĴ
ħȴݣһһɨǰʮ
ľͱһƬ𺣣ʮ˱໲ҽš
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˵·ԼֻϷҲûżɱ˫ڿն𣬷ʣƬ֮ʧޡ
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׷һŤͷŭӶԷֱۣ
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266 ɱ
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ǸӰȴɱﵣոսڤߣڤߵɣ½֮ҲòѹԼȫչεĻҲǧңڴﵽʥôӵ˿ԼʹС
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ݻæӹԼϣ·ѾãڵʵʱѾǰˣż˸ϿҵʱԼһҪǧС
ǣȴֵļˣΪǷԼڵӣһΪԼѾʧūΪߣʱԼ϶ҪҲᱻǣԼôʥӣȻǰħˡ
С椵ƤĻ治ҲͦãԺҵūҲģ㷢İɣ֪ϣ˶ǺԵģرħʦ
ħʦǽ֮кһģΥ
Ȼ֮ٴβ˫ηȴַŭĶơ
ôǲǾúίҵһμʱûɱеЩūǸʱҲУǵūʲô
δ
˵ƶٺһ
ŵһæ˵ūū˵ˣˣԶЧˣūһжˣ
ԭ֪ڵʲôѵٽ·˺飿һҾͲֻ˺£ͬҲһͬ˺飡
ҪҷģҷģԹģʿ˵ü˵ðݷģԸϡϡ
ҽƣ
ԸΪһ˵ˣ򡭡򡭡Ը׹֮࣡
ŵ˵ͷƬ½Щ񣿡
Уз֮֮񡢻֮񡭡ݽÿһ˵˳
ÿһԶи
Ҳ̫ʲôԣ壬һһһ飡̹Ȼ
סˡ
㣿
һ𣬰ӣæ˵Է֮ģʿ˵ü˵ðݷģԸΪ
֮ġ
Է֮ġ

Ȱݰ嶼֮ĵ˵ͷ
СĬţ񰡣㲻ҪİݣİһֻŷǰΨһ񡭡
ŰݿвϵֹԼϵɫɻ󣺡ǻԪذɣ
ŸϽտڣ˵ͷ
ΪʲôҪ񣿲ȥ֮ʹûħʱӦǻ֮ɣ㲻㱳ѹ񣿡
ңݶʱƿԡ
ʵ֪飿ףλ΢ȻһЩ
Уٸ˵Ҳģһ̹Ŵ񣻵ڶʴۣԪʼ𡭡Լ֪ģ˵еݵλĴɶ˵һ顣
İ¡ΡΡ·һơ
֮£ֻѡ˵֮ҲΪԼҽڣһҲ񣬶෢ӦҲûʲôˣ˭Ƕħأֻŷˡ
ٷһԣĥһᣬٴ˵
ݾСԲһ̣ԵʮˣرǰڰڵĽѩСϾһ˿˶䶯
ƵҸ̫֮ŮкüϵӵȴأԣڰݵջǺǿġ
˵ģ˺еһʱҪ˵۵ʱεأԶҪڵһλ
գٴγմ͵һΪƵ仰ڻԹ
ȻΪǣ˶ʮĹĵλȴ˭޷ȡģڷʱҲΪԼԺѵĽڣԺ̷뿪ƣȥһϵʥŮĻڱҲͬûбơ
ԸԸһūߣܲ裬Ѿһȥ˵ðͬе˵
ɫɷ׵İݣƵڸЦݣŸʲôôԶˣССԻʲô
֪գȻȥ۵һǳٷˣһ뿪ˣҲûκһɣҪ̷ūһӣһʣһħħ
ƵȴĹճ˶ħ΢Ц

ȰݷԣƲЦݣҪһȫ֮أҪôѵûпصĵطܸܲ絽ж󣿡
ǴԶһЩӵĻص


273 ͻ
ȻǣҪиԹݣɵĻԼһȫ֮أ˵
ˣǺܴģ½޾ħɽҪһֱĻҲǲУҪиȴȽѣΪ磬ƽǹ壬ƵģҪעᣡ
ע᣿ţԼԶҪйݣҪԼĸô࣬ǵϵУԣţʹԼﵽʥ򾳽磬Ҳ½ǰ㣬ΪУǴﵽ򾳽硣
ūҪע𣿡Ʒʵ
ݵ˵ͷūֻҪ֤Ϳˣƽûʸūģǹūͣ
ô˵һǲȥūݣһЩˡ
½и涨Ǵﵽ߼ħʦūֻҪūļԸ⣬ͿȥȥūݣΪƽ񣡡ݵ
Ĺ涨ѵһȥùץһΣҳΪɱūŭȼ˫ضŰݡ
ŵһݲ˼˲Ҫ
˵˵Ҹô죿
ǡǡ
ʲô
˲ҪﰲݣݲŸ˵ʱİݣѾȫİԼƵūˣĺ
˵ɣֻҪǺð취Ȼ㣡
˵ʥѾõˣӦò֪˻ţ˿Ըһȥݾ˵ǰݵūô˾Ϳʽˣūкܶģ⼸ħѧԺʱڣ˿ԸŰݵħѧԺúõﵽ߼ħʦ֮󣬰ݻ취Ϊ˽һãͿתΪƽ񣬵һˣ
ħѧԺū𣿡ЦЦȷʵһð취ҪǣԽ˽ϵԼϵںϣ֪֪ˣܳư½½˶ȳ
գ嶼ԼļūȥħѧԺģҪ뵱ħʦҪԣֻõūħֻʿ
Ҹһȥ°ɣǼ˵У˿ʶҵģ
ûϵҾ˵ץūҲ֪ȥˣô͵ΪҲ⵽ɵģ˵ʱɲΪūǵ΢ģ´ҿ㣬ˣݣݻỤ˵ģԲܵκε˺
ӵİݣȴһЦͷĽɫ㷢ԻеģΪˣԳΪˣ
ݲΪҪԼͷȴһůĸоͷûбôůĴָ֮Уƺо˻
ת䣬ν֣ȽµȻһȻԽԽĸмơ

ãҲµ˽磬һɱôˣԲݣضĴ̽飬пܺܿͻҵҲӡ׷ħ顣
Ҫӳ͹׷ɱҪūֻūȴǡˡˡ
ƺʥȻݼȶõƻɱǵʱֽʥˣԼǰѽݣ˾˺ߡ
ˣҪôȥãã󺣣һЩã
ȴֻһЦڤȥɭץһ㣬൱׵ħޣֱ׳껷֮󣬶ھ֮ϣ뿪˺
һĻĻݿһһ㶵ģֻ֪ҪҪշħޣҪħԼᣬûзֹô򵥵ģ
о˼ǣƾȻпװ˺ħ޵ĿռһĴָǲװ˵ģʹ򼶱˴Ҳһ
ѵ񼶱ǣʹ񼶱Ҳû˵װ˰ɣֻǹͷظһЩڲռһЩ˲˵ǿռϵʦܴװ˵ĿռˣҲѵó֣ңϵߣΪʲôҸоôֲѵʥʥħޣ
㷲ԽԽš
ˣûпװ˵Ŀռ䱦ھϣŤͷ˿İݡ
ûУݴû˵пװ˵ĿռͨҲֻдﲼװٽصĶٸ߼һǴָָҲֺûȴװħ޻ˣ
Ƶ˵ͷһ֣оͳһɫĲǰŴһǮ׹䣬һɫӣҲǴӱɱϷֵģעУȻһǧң⻹һЩĿռȷʵС
Ҳò˵˵ԺΪˣһЩĿռ䲼ҲһֲƵ롣
Ҹ֮ңȻֻ򼶱ĿռзԲĿռ䣬ƴ˴ʳֲ߲˹Ϲֱһ磬½Ŀռûȡ
еĿռ䲼½ʱֻܹǵ磬ȱ㹻ĲϺͲΪĿռȹ̣Ҫʹ۵ռ䣬γɿռҲҪ΢һЩ


274 ˵üū
һ·֮ϣݷԽԽĥΪĺޣȫΪħˣֻҪǵĻԺУ޾ͻʵʵ
ǧﺣշĺ޲һֻȻĺ޼𲻸ߣȴҲѱİɣ
һȼ͵ħԼᣬǼֵһϽңȼԽߵľᣬǩħ츳͵ȼͻԽߣ۸ҲԽߣһҲֻйʹõ𣬵ǰȴƸûʹκεľᡣ
ɻȴҲʡ
ЩޣڴУЩǣʱʲôãǣһһͶ·ӵ˴󺣣Щڣٲ·ǲŷִеһЩ
ȻЩҲȫȥױǿ߳ԵɱЩ˼顣
ݵļңסڹǣҲǹڳǳأ˿Ҳ½һ½ûйңһжϽһ̺⣬Ա
̹͢ԱǴֻ߸Ա߸˵Σ½ߴ壬Ҳ½ǿļ塣
ÿһжʥǿߣеһ˲֪ʥ۷ǿߣҲʥ׾磬λ͹ĺ̲£൱ڶ½еİʵۡ
ʿ˵ü塢ӥʿ塢ʥʿ¼壬൱ڹĴֻʥʿһ㶼ǶʿҲΪģʿǿᣬʥʿеˡ
˵úеħʦȴһЩĶƺʥʿ¼塣
ʣµĴֱǣά塢μ塢˹塢ļ塣
Ϊʿ˵üеһԱݵĵλǷǳߵģΪǼŮʮﵽ߼ħʦ۷徳磬ҲѾеˡ
ڱ˵üſڣ޴Ȼͦݰݽܣͽͽ֮ǵͱʯˣޡ
Űһ̤ͬ˼š
ݵĵ˱˵üеĺ䶯ΪԭΪѾˣڰݻǱȶǲҲˣ
ڱݴūһССĶʿֱӾͱ˸ˡ
˵ѣƭˣƲʣΪݵūƵĵλǱȽϲģ˵ü嵥еļūˣһ˾סķҲѵãܼҵǼ֮Ժÿ»쵽ҵ㻨Ǯ
һ죬ûټݣҲţڵĵҩû꣬ԷҪ
ڶһ磬ÿƵķţһѾƸϿȥǰԺݡ
ŲǰԺ
յİݴһħʦİɫӣ߿ǣ߼ħʦݣһħʦȣͷϴһɫĶ񣬼֮󣬿˵ƣȥѧԺ
Ƶ˵ͷ˿ԵһЩ˵üˣװηĵͷ
ݣץūһͰͲŮ²ϵĴơ
԰㣬ô
պϣðװ׾Ժ̵̣ӦܴóȥֻΪôͣҵ̩ɽԶˣаŮ˵꣬ͷ˿Լ󣬱ϹϾĸߴӡ
һ˻ֱͦţ˱Ҳһš
ƿȥԷΪӦʿȷʵԷԶԷȴоͬΪūȻΪ˵ıһūӺͳ
˵ĲҾǼūûɾͦ˹ĵģԲѡģһҪȥħѧԺѧϰأңѧԺħʦ̣̽ܲܰΪߵ㣡Ц
Ŷħʦ΢Цûо⣬ΪūħѧԺеĶʿѧϰǹūŮūԽԣһūûʸġ
֪أȥѧԺ֮ٲԲԣ
ƲƲ죺ʹħʦҲʲôʣҿֱӾȥūʿѧϰˣ˷ѽң
̩ɽͬһ׶ơ
ͳףֻҪ˵ʲôһǶʿ°۵̤Ŀⲻϵɨƣʲô飬˵ݣū
޽壬ʲôȥݷʵ
ֱȶ䲻ұҪȥ͢һȥޣһʮˣǴûз飬ݽ͢Ϣпʥ򼶱ħ޾޵ɭ֣֮ȥ˴󺣣Ѿټеĸ֣һͬǰȥѰֻʥħޣ
Ŷ޽Сģɫһ
޽ܵ˵ͷ̤ȥ
һʮӦûɱʮ˰ɣʣµļӦɱģĥ
˼ţһѾ׼õǰݳһͬǰħѧԺ
ǰҲͰһ̩ɽ
˵üС㣬Ȼ԰ݶһūȽϺ棬ǣҲûио̫֣ΪÿСߣһЩūŮūūǶ½ͥɻȱһ֡


275 ȫϵ
ħѧԺڳһƬɽռ㡣
ʱǰɽ˺ǧˣʱ򣬰ѾˣħѧԺǶ½õħѧԺʥħʦģҴֱȥԣ
涼ƽ񣬶ȴǸ屨Ϊߴ壬ݸΪרŵĲ򣬼ʹǼūҲضıص㡣
ڰݴ̤һʱѾۼ˲ˣ඼ǹżūǰŮŮҲаʮˡ
ݣû£һΪˣһŮݵ֮¶⡣
¶һ˿졣
ŮֽܿĿƵϣ¼ū

ٺ٣ãҽҲ˸ūصԵģŮ˵䣬˿һҲŵӡ
ֻɨһۣᡣ
ٺ٣ūǸ߼ūͣǾ˹̻رѵ֮󣬲Ŷ۵ģǰԣ˫ϵħʦƴ½ģѾǶˣ֪ūڼвԹûУŮһ߰Ժ
ƺ˵ԼūԽ㣬ԼԽһ㡣
ûУݵصƺԸŮ̸ƵǰĲΪƽ˲Խҡ
ǹŮˣһƲСĵֹȻûˣ治֪˹Ϊʲôϲ㣡
ūһһĲԣֵܿƣƶֲԵķҲܺ棬ҪַһɫˮϣעУˮͷųɫĹâӦһԪأһħʦˮûһֹâǾ޷ħ
ͬˮ֮жӦԪɫԽޣ˵ĳһϵħ׺ͶȾͻȴߣԺҲͻԽ졣
ֵƵʱҲڴַħˮϣĽעС
ˮͬǳ̫Զһ㣬΢쵽졢׺ڡȵȣйâۼһͬͷųʮɫҫ۹â˲ͽҫĸ
һĻðݺ͸ԵһλߣԼ˶Ŀɿڴ
رˮǸԵͷ׼ΪдϣһĻʱʹһ£ʵ˵϶δţˮ֮ڲתʮɫµϵľϵˮϵϵϵڡ׵硭ȫԪ׺ȣȫϵ
мž˼㣬κεڣݾȵ˫סͣ˫ɵԲ
˵ĵʮɫ̫ͬҫ۵Ĺâ֮оͻȻһţǴһƬհס
þãҲ֪˭һɤӣȫϵȣ
׺һΪµȡеȡϵȡĸȼ׺ԽǿôʹԽãܴﵽľԽߡ
ߴ֮ߴ壬Ϊеžݣǻϵȣϵеȣ޻ϵ
ȴûгֹȫϵȵģҲֻϵȣǣǸȴ˶½Ĵ˵ȥǣﵽ򾳽磬˵Ѿӵˡ
һ֮ŷӦһ
ȫϵȣȫϵȵū
˭ҵū찡ϻļū𣿡
˭ҵļūˣμˣǮҶ˭ģ˭ģ
֮˷
Ԫ׺ϵϳȾ֮ˣļūѾܳΪˣ
ֻȫѪҺʼڣͷЩΣ⣬һģȫϵȣϻˣ
ȻǲԼūȻԪ׺ȫϵȡ
ʱԼūͣˡ
ֻ֪ԺһūߣжĽе˻ж˶ʼɡ
λе׵μĹѾƵߣЦλλСֵܣ˭ҵļū
ƺ֮ٴ𾪣˵˿μδݺε󣬾ȻƺһūΪСֵܣ
ѾֻмūʼˣһЩССǶǳĶʼɡ
ƿ˿ԷŤͷİݡ
ŷӦעδҵļūʿ˵ü壬ô
δע⵽ݣʶģüͷ˵üǺμͬΪߴ壬ôһżū˼һ㣿
΢΢˵ͷһεЦݣ˵ǹϲСˣ
˵꣬ɫһ䣬ŤͷԼļūһۣߣ
δ뿪ˡ
δֻǱȽģöжڼʣֻȴû˵
ǸͰ˵ĹŮĿУͬĶʼɣȴ˵ʹ˿кܶģǷ˽ū˭֪˶ãϿᣬһһļһٺõ츳Ҳûã
һЩֶʼɵĹ޲Ͽɣ붼ڵͷۣҿūѪҺԾȲᳬʮ
ҿʮǺҿ˵һЩ˵ͿǺܴģ



276 ѪҺ
ѪҺԾһΪһٸֵȻ׼ȷĲⶨͣȴܸݻԾȣжǷᣬޣԾԽߣܻľԽá
½ǿûгϵˣǴﵽ򼶱𣬼ʹʥҲǧʥ¾ˣҲ;ŰңÿһֵĻԾȶӦʮꡣ
ƵĻԾֵܴﵽʮ֤Ƶ;൱ͨ˵꣬ٿٻ߰ꡣ
ǣܳʮֵ
ԣʱ˶ΪһѺͱ˵üϵȽϺõС壬ϣƵѪҺԾȸһЩһЩǰͲƵѪҺԾֵʮ¡
ָƿһѪҺħϣԵ߿˵Ŀȴڴˡ
Ƶ˵ͷ˿ʯĹ࣬ȴп̶ȣе¶ȼơ
֣ǰֶ϶費˭֪Լܻã
ưʱ򣬵һѪҺʯ棬ѪҺܿʯ֮ڡ
һ̣˶ھĶʯв˸ĭͬƽ
ֻɫʯ·һ
ûʲôӦǵʮʱѾڵ֤ٿٻһ꣬ȴһ
ʮ
Ȼƿٻٶ꣬ʱ䣬㹻ﵽʥ˰ɣ
ʮˣٴμˣһЩŵ
ѪɫĸܸȻ
ʮʮ塭
Ѿʮ֮ϣ˺Ӵƺ˶һѺֻǸܸԽߣǸоԽ
ʮʮһʮѾĬֵ
ʮʱ򣬰Ѿûκεļˣһɣʹƻٻ꣬꣬ȫԪسȵ׺ﵽʥ̫򵥲
ǣֵʮʱٴνһЩѾ˺
ʮȻʮūȻꣿô᣿

˽šʡȸӵ£ܸѾ˾ʮ
ûͣ
ȴ޷ˣ˫߬˫գһ¡
ʮܣôܳʮһֵŰʮ࣬Ȼʮ
ʮ
ڣѾȫЩС壬ߴеߣѪҺԾȲſԳʮ
ʮˣ
һ٣
ˣ
ҲһƵĿ⣬ͷ·𿴵˹ܴﵽһٵģһʹò׳һҲǸճ̥֮ڵӤ
˵ڵƣ͵һλ׼ʥˣһԻǧ˳ţҪǴﲻʥֻ˵˵ܡ
Ǳ˵üһû𣿳Ǳ˵üɵ˵üɵ
жд𰸣˼ҿߴ塣
ٴη˫Ķƣûио㽾
Լ֣ȻΪôū
벻ƾȻᣬѪҺԾԽߣǾʹԽᡣ
ʵܴ֮ﵽһ٣ȫΪڵ񵤣֮п̺ų֮ⶼǧĻͲˣз
֮󣬴ƽ϶ḻʣǸӵĶƣ˼
ʹˣ˲ģûвԾ˭֪ǲǷһ㾫ûأ
գȴһӵĶ˵ļһ񶼺ڸ߶ԷҿǼʰɣȻûоҪǣ˼ǶĶʿʿĻûһ㾫ʹǷһǧ꣬ҲܳŰɣ
˵ȴǺ⣬ڶƣߵʹôֻһūһֻūΪū
仰ǺЩĴʼɵд죬ʹлΪƽ񣬿ҲҪ۵ģңƽڹ˵ֻǸ߼ūˣҵūеλ
Եȴмٴοʱ˳󱦲һ˫ɢž⣬˵Сһվħ
߲ūеĿѾƵϿˡ
ˣһﵽ߼пܳΪɵƶˣͻƵʥ򣬵С嶼û⣬ʱ򣬱˵ü弴ʹԸˣҲҪʥǿ
Ԫ׺ѪҺԾȣǳôҪľĲˡ
վһ̻ŷĵԲʯϣԵжһħȣħͷųһ׹⣬ƵͷħҲ֮һγһ֣ư
͸оԼһ·ܵһѹֻѹǿֹһᣬѹ㿪ʼһһǿ
еѾԽԽ࣬˶˵˳һȫϵȵļūۿģҪĿʲôˣ
ħк壬ֵԽã֤Խǿ
ȴǣһħħȻûеצֻһԵ츳ǣ½ǰգɴﵽ񼶣½е츳УҲͬãʹڽƾܹ꣬ﵽ򾳽硣
ħʦܺħԴ츳ȣңħʹһȻ


277 ūøҰ
ƵĵڶԪӤԪӤţ棬˼ʹԪӤҲֻǴǣƵԪӤſףʯں൱ڷˣ½һƻר֮ľʯһ
Ƚƣ׵ļҲﵽƷ磬Ҳ൱ˣ򼶱޷ƣһѹûκεá
ңƻе꣬ǾǲǹǹƷ൱ӵ񼶱棬͸ܱڵѹѹˡ
ԣƵԺУγһرֵһһػСһǹݵԡѹС
ϣʹ򼶱ǿȫͷѹҲˡ
˵ĸ깥ĸ֣ƽ깥ûκõģһƷԷ⵽ɡ
ȻȻǺģͬڲͭǽ֮еӤĻҲֻ൱ڶħʦศɡ
󷨵ѹߣʱԽԽƱо˵Щ˵һЩԣп־壬мʣɱ⡣
ãôˣľַش֮ĵȻҿԵֿǿѹǣҵʵʵ̫ղѾЩ˶ʼ˰ɣˣװɣʱ˵ü嶼ң
뵽װųҡҡͷ̱ȥŴ
󷨵ĺôڣֻҪ֧£ô󷨾ͻԶرա
˿һĻųһĿſĸо
һûκħūȻ൱ڶħʦ۷ľ磬ⲻпֲʲô
˵ֻҪѧϰħôҪκֱӾ൱ڶ۷ħʦͬΪš
Ȼūкܶ࣬ǲҪˣƵԣǳȡ
ϵȣȻҲﵽϵȣ
߸֮󣬴֮ըˡ
˷ܵĲһȥҪΪб޲úݺݵƼڡ
ʵҶ֪ϵǵ͹ˣֻū˵ϵȣΪūвļ弶Ĵڡ
Щ˵ѪҺԾһʮ£İٶˣѪҺԾȿһ٣ľƷӤ
ݱ뺰ˣæָĿڵ񰡣ƣû°ɣ
û£ڰݵĲ£վ
˵ĿУݾΪưõѧҰס޵ĵط
һͬȥ֮еˣԶÿһ·Ŀ޲ע
ʱ򣬴ſںȻһߺý㣿㣿
̧ͷȥһͦεˣʮ߰꣬һؽĿ࣬ͷ𷢣ݣϾǾϲ
õܣ㲻ǳȥ𣿡ɻ
Ǻǣջ˵һȫϵܵļūû뵽Լҵļū˵䣬ĿҲƵϣ´ţһһߵͷ֮ĿһŰ뿪
ɻ󣬵ٵĵط֮ǰſ˵ý㣬һ£ô
ʲô£
˴֣е㲻˼Ŀ˿ƣǸܲܰūøҡȱ𲻸ˣģԺʮһٸūҪʲôģҾ͸ʲôģҳøÿô
ɫһŭٸһȫϵܵģҾͰø㣡
ήȥΪѵý㣬ҵý㣬һūǶһˣֲǸˣܰūȥҵ峤󲮣һǼҲΪãԺҴȥҲǺкôģ˵ˣһʿȥһħʦԼѾħʦˣҪħʦūʲôǸ˼ħʦū㻻ô
˵󣬰·˺ܴľƵġ
ߣһٸ˼ҲҺòײŪģԺҲ̸ΪɵӣƣߣҴȥԷ
˵꣬ݴƾʹ̤ȥ
ãɫȴŭתתæ뿪ѧԺ
ƺͰһԷʱ򣬰Ѿ˱˵ü塣

ݾȻץһȫϵܵļūһ۵˲ɵþһ
ǰǰ˾ĸױ˵ðء
ǸūѪҺԾȾȻﵽһ٣˵ǳᣬңûȻȶħʦ۷ĳ̶ȣ˿ĭڻڼС
ʲôѪҺԾȴﵽһ٣ûиۿˣظš
ֻң˶һʯϿװ״ﵽһ٣ҹţǲʯһٷⶥĻūпܻᳬһ٣ûʱǺܸܵж죡ڻ˫ð⡣


278 Ԥı
سĬˣǺȻһūһҪãص㱣ԺҲصɲܱĸɱˣɱһūɲҪ϶ĴۣԲǱ˵üٶһʥģ
ܻΪ鰡ҵʱҪǸūһŭʹ˵ð˼ūϣ
һһ˰ͷϻ˭ļū˭Ը⻻
ȴνǵݳҪ˵İˣȨԼūߵģĻǼʧܴҿ˵Ǹ˹һֱ׷ݣԺݼ޸˹ǵΪ¼װȥһʥпܳļū
΢΢˵ͷ˼ҪȫһЩֻԼ΢΢˵˼ЩһЩԶҪҪǸūãҵ˻Ҳ磬ĸԸĸ۵ĽƸɱˣϼū
һ˻۾ɵԲ԰ҪˣԼļūɱˣʹǼ棬Ǵ˴츳ļūƵūϣȴʧһ׼ʥ׼򰡣
ʥʲô룬˼ĿԴﵽ򣬽ܲ͢˼ҵģūֱȥҲͲٳΪκεļ壬ǽ͢ģңһ𣿱˵򣬾ʥǶҪأ
ǣԺˡ
ˣˣȻѧԺŰݻǸūüֵҲ࿴ŵ㣬˸ɱˣȥ峤
ǣǸ㿴ɵЦ
˼ˣһȫϵŵļū˵ҪҪģʹӦ峤ҲӦģҪǸūʲô£ʣ
Ŷˡ
ٵ뿪䣬峤Ҳ˵ķ䡣
ؽƵ˵һ֮󣬱˵ʱ͵ɴ˫ȵİû˵

ͬʱߴ弸õӦϢ׷Ϊٿ飬̽ζԸ˵üơ
һʱ䣬Ƿ·ȫϵȡѪҺԾһ١ûħȴȶ۷ħʦơ

Ͱһͬò͵ƣ֪֪Ļ϶Ҳ𾪡
һͬ˲˵ǻȥɣ첻ϿˣҴҸĸĻǶһõģֱӰȥūݣ
һЦڱô磬Ҫˣû˱ˣ㿴ܵЩ˵Ŀ⣬ͺгƵģңҲδͬȥūݣʹﵽ߼ħʦǼ嶼һϣ
˭ôɫҲüͷ벻ȻūͣǣҪȥūݣҪ峤ͬ⣬ֻҪ峤ͬ⣬ʹ͢涼Ѱ쵽ôһɫļūһ峤ͬ⣿
ǺȻǰһŷ˺ȻײƵĸ첲ϡ

һͬԷҲࡣ
ģ۰ū˺ݺݵ
˭ݽƻ´ŶԷߴ壬·Ҳûм־ֻһ°۰ǶʿҲʶԷ
Էˣɫٴһŭһūôˣӣҿͷϴҽϵķ˸ɾˣ
㣿ŭһͶһǶԷײƵġ
ӴǣС椣㻹滤ūˣһССļūʹôСүʮˣūץ
˶ٺһ֮󣬴߼ʿ
˵ﵽ߼Ѿ뿪ѧУˣǴ˰˼һ߼ĶʿһǹҲġ
ҲɵŶԷῴԼħϣ߸֮⣬б˵üʿı־һרΪơ
ԣ߼ʿūʱ׳λˣһץסƵĸ첲˵ߣ
䣡
˲սǶʿ¡
Ǹ˼˼ˣЦһˣһССļūײҵķˣˣ׷׷֮󣬸ҵ
˵꣬ԼҲ׷ȥ
߼ʿܵٶȣҪԶԶĳ߼۷ħʦݣοݻܣ
һūƵı̧һƣ׼ƾȥ
ݼˣֱ͵һƸ˳ȥȴ˶Է¡
˼ūˣҲû뵽ݾȻΪһūܿôˣҪĽ˵ü峤ŮɾˣԻæ˴ֻĻ˰ݵϡ
ʹˣҲݸ˳ȥ߼۷ħʦҲﵽףܳһ߼ʿĻ
ֱӷɳף˵ϣѪ
һūɰ֮һҲѾƣӶȭ磬׼Ƶıͻ˹ȥ


279 Ժ
ʱƣѾܵ˶Էɱ⣬ʲôײ̣ԤıõģرѾע⵽һЩ˵ϳЦ̬
űȭң֪ǲܶ㿪ˣڵĻս֣׼нӶԷػ
ʱѾ˼ɲôˣҪһԷȭͷԼϣ˵ףܻķ
䣡
һ죬޴ɢѳơ
ȴסˣΪûиоʹɻʱ򣬶ߴ˱ȣū˱˵üˣҴ˴С㣿
Ťͷȥһ׳ʿˣ׸ߣɫ˿Ƶüëͦ˫ȭգעŶԷ
ղŵһȭȻģ˵ȴǴˣһˣ
뿪˵ü֮ͼĸ˹ħѧԺ
ȻʿǱ˵üȴ˼ʿ𷢺ļū˵ݱޣǸԭ֡
ڹٸֱǱ˵ơ
һɤ֮ҲѾ˰ݣ嶼һͳڶڶһˣǾͻһ¶⣬ľ
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̤ǰǸˣеְɣһССĵ壬ȻҴұ˵üĴС㣿Ҳϲұ˵üĻ£
ȴû˿η壬װŻȻӣԭߴ֮һı˵ü尡ʿ壬ʧʧûϳֻǸūȻһգԲüūֽѵѵȴһСĲ˴С㣬һл
ߣұ˵üĴС㣬ѵһлģ
ղŵ飬ѾǸȫΪǼҵǸūҵļūȥѵѵʲô֮Ҫֵ㶫ĻȴǸūֲá
úãҪɣݱޣҷûмҶԱ˵ü˵
ݱգҲӦڿնһͳ˵֡
ȴٺˣūȴȥ
䡭
߼սһ˼ȭӣȫƴ
ס֣һļȴһɴ˫ֿ˳ʮ
ħѧԺѵǶ˲ɣѧԺĹ涨
һħѧԺʦװŮӳǰ˸һͷѩ߸߹ӯһգƤʤѩѣȴƱ˪
ԣһ۵ߣݣĿƣɨˡ
˫һȵŮӵʦɯǾżĶʿǰ˼ħʦѧԺд֮һʵֲµߵߣǸԺʥħʦ׿˹
׿˹Ժˡɯʦ
޲һֻǰһ˸׼Ĺǡ
ߣôˣ壿˵ü壿ѵͿԲѧԺĹ涨ĻԺͽԶħѧԺ̤벽
ԺϢŭҲԸ־Ȼüūý㣬ȳֵۣҪǲ֣ͻᱻǴģæ˵
׿˹ţһ˫üʱһ˵֣⻰ǲģ
ֶʱһͣ޻˵Ϊ˱˵ðݣͷһݣγһնȥ˴˰ݵǸū֡
˼ūʹһȴһ仰˵亹ֱһץסѪֱۣ
֪⣬ҸղѾ˵ˣҲǹ⣬ֻǴ΢ѵѵūֿ˰ݡ
ݼһĻɫҲ벻˺Ȼô潫ūָٲԭ£Ǳ˿϶˵Լߴѹˡ
˵һˣ
лˣ
ɢȥɣôˣԺҪͬ鷢ؽطκ˽½У׿˹˵⣬ĿƵϣһȻΪ˼ūô͸Ժ칫ҽܴ
˵ֱ꣬תȥ
Ժа칫ҽܴĴȻһūȥԺ칫ң˶ɻ
һЩȴԼԼµʲôūɲһ㣬ԶԶƽһЩС塣
ĵһۣתȥļūϵĶ֣æϡ
ʱߵȼĹħʦǿԽϵģȻʱˣʹϣҲҪɷ֡
ƣһȥԺ칫ңݿơ
ҲȥƣԺҪСģҿǵһǼŵݣɳȥԣݣҾ㻹ԺңҺݱڣһĻֵأƵİȫӦû⡣˵
ʱԼƺֻūݣȻ˵ҪƵĻ
½ǧūҲֻһִˣҰҲֻǰƵԼһƷ
üͷǲƸŰģȴֵƵİΣǾԥ


280 ʦɯ
ԥ֪ѾҡˣһЦƵļ򣺡ŸʲôȥԺ칫ңʱ㣡
ƿԺ칫ҵţͷѾˣǸŮʦżʿɯҲһվš
λԺƹһ
ţɣеԺ׵ĺ룬ķǳ˳ͷ׷΢΢ţ棬΢ЦϸĴơ
ܸܲңǴӺζٴʵ
Ǵ½ģ֪޷綼ᱻ͢˲ֻʵ˵
½Ǹ˵ʮܳʮ񼶵ΣԺжܳԾ
Ҫ˵Լ½Ǹ벻һطȻ˵½еһ꣬൱Ǹطİ꣬ҲǶ½һǧʱ䣬һǧܹ׳ܹڶ½ȥʮūĴ½û˻⡣
붷½ص½
ͬ飿
ҡҡͷ
ŶƺҲ׽͢ԸūĲпᣬҲûȥ
νҪ㣬ȻūҲҪԱ½й涨ֻҪﵽ߼ħʦľ磬лȥūתΪƽ񣬴ﵽʥūоľλȫܣλǰɯʦȻǾżʿȴҲһ˼ħʦԺѧϰԽ̵ħͶҿѾǶʿ˰ɣ
ѧ֪װͿ
ǺǺǣԺͻ֪ˣúŬʵǿ֮󣬱˾Ͳ۸ˣһʱ䣬㾡ܵĲҪ뿪ѧԺΣգ˵Щ
ѧףֻǣֻҼ˰ݻ᲻ͬҸŰɯʦأװɵ㶵ķʵ
飬㲻õģһǳģǱ˵ü峤ҲܾˣɯȥɣԺһгԴסã𡣡
ɯûбֵĲͷĵ˵ͷһ뵽Լһʥ򼶱ĵӣҲǳڴ
װŷǳ࣬ƿ˵
Űɯ뿪ˣԺȴۡ
ǸάﰲСΪͽܣǵɵӣСԺֻҪԼпܳΪʥǿߣпܳΪʥ򶥼ǿߣΪǿ߶пܣѧԺȻ͢˲˵ʲôҲ֣άﰲԺˣ
˵λԺжά޸ߴ֮һά壬һڣһǧٶʥ۷Ķάɣάȴ½ʵۡ
˵ߴжάǿʥƵȴ
½ǹܵίɹģȻΪߣһ̶ϻܵЩĵִ
ôһūͣ˭Ը
Ǳ˵üļūǺܿͿԴﵽ߼ֻҪ˰æͻΪˣʱͿ˵ü壬ȴȻǹħѧԺѧһӶøıҫضѧԺж˵סѧԺǸԺ׿˹Ц
²ǵ壬Ǳ˵ü壬һ壡Ժ̬ԵЩࡣ
һԺ˹˵ֻҪƲ뿪ħѧԺϼһѵǺǺǣǸɯӦҲūİɣ
ʱݺͰˣϲ̸ֹͣƵ֮󣬰ݵ˷ܣȴɵˡ

ʱƣ򱻰ɯѧԺɽһլԺɯ˵ӽ쿪ʼסһڵԺסԺ㲻뿪ѧԺκж֮ǰҪȵõҵ׼ˣһԽ㶷һ֮ǰȴ츳ħǳĿ죬㲻Ҫڴˣֻǿܻڲ֮أ
ллɯʦƿóԷĵĽ̵ԼǺĵĵлл
ɯ̹ȻܣתȥסԺƵĸڣԺǽֻס
Ƽɯ̤Ժ֮󣬲תԼĵһŵ㡣
߷һʮƽ׵СԺм򵥵ļҾߣеĴ̱ʲôĶѾ׼ȫ
ٺ٣ҲȫǻһūôĴʹݺҲûĴɣڴϣ˫ֱͷҲо΢̤ʵ
ݵ㶨ԺҲȷʵҪˡ
ֻ²ãÿ˷ţһЩʧľС죺ˣ
ôˣЦ
ݣֻе᲻ˣˣ㲻ԸĻһø׳棬ӻؼ
ãҺϲôˣ
ûˣղԺʹùΪأ
ͺãΪдرԺҲһҩ裬ȥɸκˣ
ɻĽӹɫҩ裬Լһ񻹴һħ޵·к棬ȥ
һȥҪ͸оȻһԼԼȻҪͻƿļ
ˣңɫ쳣
𼤶ȥɣͻƣ
ţͷͲȥԷˣܱ۸ݸ߸˵ˡ


281 
ߺҲʼ˾ޣԭֻǶΪ֮󣬷·ܵռӰ죬ʹˣĵȫѪҺϸѪ֮϶ȶࡣ
ͻƵļ
Ȼʱûа취γ½ǿ󹥻ǣ½һ죬ЧҪ½һꡣ
ĸ֣½ʮ꣬Ŵﵽ˶Ҫʹ񵤣ͺѴﵽף꣬ȴҲֻ۷塣
ܴܿﵽˣưһ޹˼ɵת
ؼȻʼϵӿڡ
˵½ˮôǸǳĺأͬʱɶԪأʱ޷ӦǸ͵ôࡣ
Ƶȴ׶٣ڵ񵤵ҩûȫ˺صȻ£ƵĻԱĿǿյҲǿˡ
תܵ죬ƾ˾ޡ
ȴһЩҡ
ǹĺάﰲԼ¬˹ͬһ֮С
άﰲԵñȽϳƣ˵ȻѾǸūʦˣά޸ڹԣ
ˣȫϵȣѪҺȣˣԲά壡¬˹ɫһɱ
˵ʹάҪ˵üҲİɣǸūǱ˵üļūҵãǼūڱ˵üĺãʱñ˵üͶά࿹⣬ҲöάһҶ󣡡
˵Щ磬ǼūܻܲǸʱ򶼺ܲһЩȹ۲һʱ䣬ҵﵽ߼ħʦʱȻ͢ūˣҲֻάܸ㹻ĵλδΪҽ͢õĻҲԲ顣άﰲЦ

ͬ˵üҲٿ飬峤˵λֵܣԼݡ̸Ƶ顣
Ǹά޸Ժū˵̾
ܱ˵ðҲǷ߷߲ƽǱ˵üļūƾʲôΪͺ˲𣡡
ҾѧԺһЩû˸˺߼֮ٴǣݿ˵
ô˵֮Ĺϵܺˣ˵Ǻ
ţݵ˵ͷƺΪǿƵţֽ͵ҾȵģѾԣҵ޽͹ϵøı䣬Һ
˵˵ͷˣȥɣ
ݺͰһͬ뿪
ܱ˵޽ڰߺ󣬷·ǸūԺĿԴﵽʥ򾳽磬ǿԴһŮӣĻǱ˵üˣ룬˵һкܴһ죬Ϊߴ֮һļԱ֪Ƕټū룡
˵޽ܵĻͰͬʱһϲ׷׵ͷ˵Ǳ˵üĳԱ鲼½ʮˣŮǳɰǧһҲʲô£ҪﵽʥУҲҪﵽżħʦ
ΪϿɵ˵ͷȻ뵽ԼūͰᣬлصֻһһ

ħѧԺƾסСԺңǸҪɱƵĵ֣һŴӥʿ־ħʦ۵˲һ
СӾסǰ棡˵
û뵽ѧԺôзӦˣΣūȥʿٶһʥӥʿ͸ܴˣȥϵμ壬취ūɫɭ
Сô죿ɯסţֿ˵
ֻҪСӲﵽʥɱǳףһֱѧԺһ뿪۸ĴۣҲὫɱʹѧԺҲûа취йע˵֮Ѿתȥ
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еȴһһһҹ޻ڶ峿Ƴ³һоĶޱӯѾȫﵽ˶۷壬ʱͻƵĿܣƺԿ϶գҲᳬʮ졣
򿪷ŵʱ򣬾ͷְݾȻȺˣһƳݼæĴﲼͳһУЦҸˣúӴҲѾͻƵ˼ħʦˣ
˵꣬ݽеݸƣͻæܿˡ
ŰݵıӰ΢΢һЦƺСҲǺܻڴб߻ˡ
ɯѾˣƽϣɽһˮ̶һ࣬ߴɵٲ콵ˮ̶һʯϣˮ
ɯһָˮ̶δ˵ʲôȴһ£ٲ˹ȥ
ΪɯԼվٲ棬֮ǰùģΪɯӦҲ


282 رʽ
һܣһ߽⿪·굽ٲ·ͼվǹ⻬ʯϣͷٲȴشʹվڱԵƵϣһ׸ֵػ
ʮΣƽҧأ˫ȭգȫתٲԵٲģڻ޷㣬൱弶ʿʱ̱ȫ
ɯһĻͷȴһֻǼ򵥵ٲָָû˵ȥٲ޴ĳ
˸ǿȵֱһִݲУָٲƣԺվٲԵٲϰƾȻֱٲ塣
ƣƻǵɯƾȻˣæִеͷܼȥԴżĺô
䡭
ٲÿʱỵ̈޲ڹƣҲʹƱҪÿʱÿ̵ȫתӣͻᱻٲˡ
ֱҪȫܱѾܾûʹùˣ½˵ǰٲٲҲû˿á
һӡӡʮӡ
˫һͨһʯϻ䡣
ֻ΢ٴȥ
֮һαٲͨһƬͣ
ҪһˣˣǣƵɲһ࣬ڻвûĵҩ
Щ꣬Ƴ˲ٵҩȻ涼ˣѪҺ֮ɲ࣬Щҩھ޷յģȥԺҲżĲӰ졣
ڣЩҩȴڲϵţϵ޸Ʊٲ˺
һ磬Ʋû˿ƣоֽԽԽˣ֪Եʡ
磬ɯƳԷȴƾȻʯԵ֮ϣ˫ַСǰĿ
ɵöȥûмģһ߳ٲػһ߾ʹƾͨʲôڤ뷽ڳػʱܼоڤ
ĸħʦڤʱ򣬲ľɵĻ׾ܵˣʱ򣬼ʹţҲҪΪ
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283 ɱɱ
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ɯĸ̾Ҫǿ壿˵һССʿԼҪҲһѡ
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ǣջгǹʱ򣬾ͷϸ΢ѷֱһЩ΢ǰ


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ڰɯ׼ϵʱѾ˼ˣҲѧԺʦһΪֱӣڿɯʱ򣬷һūȻվڰɯһž˹ȥūվʲôһŪİɯʦ
Ʊһ߷ɣˤȥ׵ľ룬һѪ
ʵһūѧԱʹҲʲôϣūȥˣܵκδ˵ħ߶ʿĹˡ
˱Ǵ򰬶ɯģ֪ɯȻŭҲ̧ȣһ˶ԷСϣиǱһ
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ܿˣɯǽŵƵߣƸǹĵʵô
ҡҡͷ˱߷ɵǸʦͬԷһЩãĿһ̣ԷĿͱüΪ񶾡


287 ū
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Ƶ˵ͷ壬˷Բʮ׵
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Ժģ˹ֵ˵ͷ˵üѾ˺üˣҪƻһ˼壬ٲˣҲ˵ȥϾǱ˵üū
ðɯһһ˰ɣⲻһǻ£Ƴȥ֮ŻᷢѧԺĺãֻҪϧԼһ취ģԺ޸ЦЦ

һ˵ڵĶ;ʹǳǿ󣬿ǣûǿ似͸߼ħҲһͷޱȵţ׸
Ƭ½ūûѧϰħʸģһЩǿĸ߼ħﶼûʸѧϰ
˹Ժ޸˼޸뽫ƳΪѧԺĴ֣߳Ϊάʥ򼶱ĻȴҲҪһ֣⵽ʱѹơ
ľżħʦɵһֻ߼ħʥħʦ˵ͬĽˣħħĲ
ͬҲǶ½йūķʹĸū͵ѧ˽ħҲᱻ͢ͼ׷ɱκμҲ˽ԴūħԴΪ
Ժƶ˽⣬ָᷢū֮ĲԼӡ
Ҳǰɯǵ飬ڵƾͺһŮǣһᣬӴЩ֮󣬱ȻкǿķУȻ󲿷˶ᱻͬ沨ˣԼ˸񣬿ǰɯȴ֪ƲᣬƾһУѾƵԸ
ĲµƱؽбһ졣
ԣʱƵĿһЩǡ
ΪŶˣȴЩʹˣоԼŵһʱըϣܵ˺Ǹϣȥ˺ˣΪһǱȻѪɺӣοԼһ塣
ҲΪһûдħԭԽԽǻ
ղԺĻìܣƵĿ⣬Խ
ûʣҪѧϰʲôħֻҪϵԼΪдĵɷԸЩħʦ㹻ˡ


288 ܵս
ҲϲԺóԺȻڶԼЦĿȴͬһƷͺڤһԺԼֻһӣһΥ˵˼Ȼᱻǽһ
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żĶʿһ嶷ʿĸΣȥļ˾͸оǰ·ܵػֱӵ˹ȥ
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ٲߣһ򣡡ɯŭŶԷ
СͷһһԥƬ̣ȴ˵ɯʦȨū飬ң˹壬˹ʽūսݹɣԼѧԺĹ涨ĸūҪս
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ȻͲˣūûʸ巢սΪٵͶûʸֻƽҲûʸ
Ҫǻһ䣺ԼԼ̨Լļū棬ȻūҲͬȼΪȶԷ͡
һ㿴ڱһūʵϣȴΪɣĸԱ˳ŵĻȥԼΪߵūսлɵԼս
ҲȫΪ˽ūԼūū֮ìܶ涨ȴƫ塣
˹ֻһ׵ĶʿȻƵΪȴܸоӦñԼǿԣŷս
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ǺãѧԺ㳡̨ϼ˵꣬ȶҪתȥ
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Щ˽Ҳۼ￴֡
ԣһżħʦʿӦоУɽ˺ʦˡ
Űɯ㳡֮ܵ˵ĹעһΪɯΪһһЩѧ͵ʦ֪ɯһ֮Ժ¶棬Ϊרһ̵һȫϵżū
һһĽ̵ѧԺʷ϶Ǻټġ
ȻʶƣȴҲܲ³ڷӦþǸȫϵš
ѵɯǴħȼˣ
ֻǣΪɯὫƴħʦʱ򣬰ɯȴмʿ
һôҶͷԣ쵼ҲԺ
Ϊ˭֪ħʦȫϵţΪȥʿ򣬼ʹﵽмʿǲҲ˷ţ
ܿ˾ôˣԭū֮£òһСս
˹һļʿūһ̤ͬʯ̨֮˶עе


289 ͬȼɱ
һʦԸ䵱Уһʼ֮󣬵˹Ǹūͺһơ
һδڶԷΪɵˣȭͷƵŵʱƺȻƵ壬˶Էһȭͬʱֱۼ򵥵̵̧ľ룬ٶȣָһ˳ǹޱȵ˶Էʺ֮

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ŰݱΪ֮󣬾ͷŮ˵سԼƵˣȻоǶħԴָһҩֱӾͻƿﵽ˰˼Ժڳʹһִ֮ﵽ˰˼۷֮ͳ׵ŷƣѾˣһЩݵζˣһ㳯˼ĺĸо
þá
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˭Ҳ벻ƾȻһŵʿһŵĶʿ
Ҫκε似ûʹκεĶֻǼ򵥵Ļһֱۣͽͬȼһūɱˡ
ǵģɱˣ΢е۲ˣѾ˹ҵūѾˡ
ֻаɯ֪һ֮Ƕôɵģ˭һξ޾һꣿ˭Ըٲºˮ״һꣿ
ԣڳˣɯƽƽսһ̣֪Ľ
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ƿŶԷĽ棬΢΢ٵǰһֻǶ㿪˶Էһţ˶Էţ˲Ͷ˶Էಿλ

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عǱƵļϣ౻ֱӻܡ
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Ҫôǿľʿǲ֮ܽ󣬻ܿ״͹Ĺ켣ģʹøߵȼ似
Īǵؼ似ôܣ˵ūѧϰؼϵ似𣿡иʦɻ
ʲôؼ似˼һħʦ֮ʹþƶһ˫޵ħʦǿģǸɯˣͿūǱɯԽ̵һ꣬һУǲ֣һʦ͵
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ǣͬԾѾʮˣȴ벻ƾȻԼĥֹֻ֮ҪһУ̨ôСĿռУԿɱͬȼκħʦٸһħʦûá
һкܼ򵥣Ҫ˫޵˲ܰ쵽ˣħʦҲǼΪѰġ


290 
һԼļħʦūȻһбҲͻأһļħʦرħʦҪ߼ĶʿūֵǮҰ
ңһС˵ҲһʲƸƽ֮㹻ˡ
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ֻǺܿȡ˸һ̨ˣһ߹ǺɫħʦۣһЦ»峤ӣӾ̳˰»ޱ㷢ս
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˫޵ļ۷ħʦһ۾ϳ˶Էʵ
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ԪӤսףʹöԷûе֡
װɫ԰ףһΣЩˤ۽ǵȴɨһˣȻһȺ֮еľżħʦװƺѧԺĵʦ
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һЩƲ˳۵С壬һЩ𾪡
ūҲҪ˭ҵģߴļūʱС嶼Ҫֺãͷ·ʵߵūţʱ󳼶ҵ
һЩ˵üļūôˣѵͺ˲˵üļūɱˣ
ѰȥûһĿöԷƿԣֻоԴ·ػһ㡣
һССС壬Ȼսұ˵ü壿һѾǰ˼۷ħʦˣ˵ǳǿ󣬶Էֻһ弶ħʦˡ
ν¹壬ƽеĹ壬ֻоλȴûκεķأΪµȵĹ塣
ݣǰͽ͢Ĺ涨ļūսûΥɰɣ붯ŭһݽΪĹӿ˵
Ŷô˵Ҳļ巢սһұ˵üˣǼҵÿһūսֱǼûһūΪֹҲңݱŶԷ
˰ݣߣ͵Ϊֹɯ˵ֿ꣬ơ
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ޡʲô˲𣬲һū˵һͱ˸ˣ
Ǿǡҿʮ죡
Ͼпܱ˸ɱˣ


291 ͬ
صƵסŮĬĬעƣݶƵ̬ȣðɯ⣬Ҳ⡣
˵ˣѾˣǿȸڻһ㣬΢һĸı䣬ҲǺõġ
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ȥɯҲȻ뵽ԺĽ˵ͷƣԺһȥȻһòҪ¶棡
ȥ׼ֱſڣݻæܿˡ
üͷ֪㲻ֻܴӦңȷʵûʲôµģû⡣
ƣû°ɣղ̨ϿȻɫ԰ףǲ˱˵ľɯȥ֮󣬲Ÿѯʡ
Ƶ˵ͷûд󰭣ɯʦõģ
ͺãʱİɯѾ֪˵ʲôˣΪȻֺ˵㣬ǣƲûȥǱˣȴҲ˳˹ǵĵִ
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һᣬݾͽһĿ󣬲б˵üı־ƽʱǰݵ˽ҡ
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ڲ˵ɯһ½ķɹ涨Ǹӣ߹ͨеūҪһɴӦ֪ɣ
գȻһݴˣݴˣ
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ƲȻţ˫ɨһı˵üūЩūˣɫһ䣬ʱͣ˽Ų޲Ϣĸо
ɯע⵽˰ɯʶǿɯòֱݴһͬΪΪǲǼִ檣еʼˣֻǲ˼ڰˣһĻŭ󵨣ǺˣȻҹұ˵ü飿


292 뿪
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żʿ˼ħʦɯɫһ䣬ݣĴţΪǼҪΪأԷǴħѧԺ
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ǸһȥɯߵǸŮū˵ȥʲô飿ū飬ҲҪҴҵҪԷʲôͷȻħѧԺͼôӣ
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ǳѧԺǲôһū͵ģǣūͱϾԼģ˵ѧԺǽ͢Ҳתá
ɯûио⣬Ͳ³˵üˣص飬һλԺģֻҸϣƿԼѧԺ츳ܿﵽ߼ʱٻǶԱ˵üô
ϴЦ˵ͷֻȴڰﵽ߼ٻµʱҪˣǵʱұʧ˭Ҫȥøϵħʦū̵̵Ϳˣ˵ūҪͨĿ飬Լ岻ģԸū
ȴЦ֪ݺܿҪһˣѾͷǶūΪϲģң뿪ʱ򣬽ūϣԡ
Ҫ뿪ɯüһֲĸо˿ݣȴְüĶű˵ˣⲢǰݵ˼峤˼
µѾʦˣϾǱ˵õļū˵üоȨȻԺΪʲôͬ⽫ͻһš
԰ɯ΢΢һЦǲļūɯֻĵʦһжӲ˵ģ
ͺͺãҾΪѣ˰ϲˣҪúõддɯʦſЦ
Է˵ͬǺܱŤ飬Ǽūֻͬͣһվţǧĵȴ֮Уȳ˸֮󣬴뿪ˡ
ͬʱɯҲƵϣѧԺô飬벻֪ѣŮ͵֮ɯǳЦݣֲðѾͷūԭȫϵţһʹﵽļʿļħʦľ磬ūѾͷߣ˵Ժ󻹻ᱻѾͷøĵܵܣҶǸûл̳вλˣ
ˣŮЦҼūȥǸū鷳һʧ֣ͱ𣿡
Ѿͷҵ˼ȥɣ
ǷˣŮ͹뿪

ݽƴƵķ֮󣬹ϷţݿҿƣСֹˣ
û£Ԥϵˣղ˵ĻҿͦõģʱҪ뿪壬ȥ£
ûУҵ˵ɯʦģһЩ
Ǿ취뿪⼸쾡ܵĶҲ㸮ϳӦ֪һӣʱ˿ɶˣĿ쳣䡣
ˣݼһĻȴͻȻһ֪Ƶ߿һʵΪֲħ޵ġ


293 ū
ݲΥƵ˼ͬҲϣ˺Լˣ뿪õĽ취
Ȱɯȥ֮󣬰ݾҵ˸ף˵˼
ȴüͷΪòײŽҪô뿪ˣԣֱӾ;ܾ˰ݵ
ȴҲӦݣɲϵĸԽ̵ơ
磬ڷбĿžѾһ󼱴ٵˡ
ƴ򿪷һվżūͣӴԼū͸߼Ķࡣ
һˣ͡
ŸʲôΪļūѵ֪ȳԵȺȣҳȥɻŭ
ûлػ˵ͷ뿪˷š
㣬ģôһƵĺ󱳡
Ʋһ㱻ſ£ͷһ𣬻ͷŭĿԷ
ôӽ쿪ʼҾͷͷԺҹܣǰѳͷȥԺݣӣ͵͸ҺݺݵĴ򣡡Ķ˵
·ģūĵˡ
һߣūֱһŭŸʲô
˵䣬һ£˶弶ΪֽŵǳĴ󣬾ͽƵ˺ԺӸһͷ
ɻ
ˣͷӿʼݡ
ǣճ£һ˾һȥûԷݶ᣿ҿ͵
˵䣬ūֽ֮ϣͷ˶â׼Ƶĺ󱳾ߴ˹ȥ
Ʊߵֱſ˵ϣǶɲ֣ͣ˫ŽƵҪÿһŶƺȫ
ء
ˣ
һѪ³һںϣȥ׾롣
û֣ͣٴ׷ȥ
ǣǸҪٴλʱȴ͵طȥʮףڵһ¾վ
ū㶣֮Цһ˵Ӵǣ㻹ˣҸ㣬ǹµǿúøɻúøɻͱҪǹأ
ûкúøɻˣƷһ䡣
˵ûкúõĸɻûкúõĸɻҴ򣡡
ūٴɱϡ
ǺǣǺǺǣҪɱҰҲûе︮ϵ˭ѵǰݵǸҲ˳ۣ
аһֶԷٴιʱµĶƼ󣬾ͻСǹ
ססһס
Ѿǰһĵֶж˵Ŀڡ
ˣ
ūˤӵɵԲһжģһҽУʶѾģ
ļ۷塢˫ޣ͵ϮԴҲû߼似弶ʿͬһ
ƿ˿ܣＫΪƧ·ūǹط˲֪ĽԼɱȴҲƴǵʬ塣
¯ٷɳʬ壬˲ȡûԼڣǰ󲻳롣
ļ۷壬ҪȡʬѾǳˣûκһѪ
ϵתȫָ̤ܿԼסȥ
ֻ·ȴһŮͣĿԵһ̣ϳ˶ԷǰݶɯūͣԷĿȴ⡣
˶û˵ֻǲ
ֻǵǸūƳݵĵص֮ȴûзū͵ӰɻĴѰãûκεټ
ѣֻýɯ
ɯգҲʱüͷʧˣ㵱濴ūһȥ˺Ժ
ӣūۿһ뿪ģһգ۵ĹūͲˣȴúõĳˣ
ˣѵƽɱˣʹɱˣҲʬ岻ǣѵƻܰʬûˣ
ŮҲĬˣҲɻĵط
׹ȥƣҾͲ˾Ȼ˵ûûˣȲҪţò죡
ˣŮ͹ȥˡ

ϣƾ޵ʱ򣬰Ǹ±ֱŶ룺ôĵӣɻ죬ȻֶˣҰ
˵䣬Ѿ󺺣弶ĶʿûзĵǰԼ
ֻǹȴʼ˰죬һë߶ûУֳ˳򷿼طտҲܲʲôһŴһӡһʣӰûһ
ѾˣҪѵѵūҲֻհ죬ȵҴ͵³
žž
׳ȭţһʹ
ûл֣ȴϵķЦǺǣ
ס֣Ȼһȣݷ˵Ļȭš
һΪ񵤣ֻħͻˣƽʱûĶȻҲЩūǰ֣׷ױ˳ȥ
Ṳ̋룬⻹һ˽һū͵Ļӣã̤֮ʱ·һɷ磬ѹķûЩūͣǾضơ


294 Ҫʱɱ
ߣƼѹһ۾ͿԿ˾һΪߵħʦ
ڰݵĲ£ƾվȴ̧һŻȼգһһǸ£ף˭ôĵӣҵū͵ģ
׹ֻһɫηĽˣΡΡûôңֻǾҲǼūͱҪɻ
ҪɻʹûУҵūͣʲôʱֵūˣٲ˵ʵ಻ֱӰˣ
ݵħֶȥΧת
СС׺Ȼͷ
ٸһᣬҪٲ˵ɣ
ң׻ԥǻѾţȼ
ǣǶˣôģ˵գûǰĻ棬ֱӾ̱֪Լ˵Ȼʱıסǣᱻ˸ġ
˵˵ȻӣԵǸߺȻˣ֮üͷ΢΢һһǿ籩ֱӻס

ײҽһˤ廹ڲϵľΣǣĿȴѾû
㣿û뵽߾Ȼ˵ɱɱˣԾĶŶԷ
С㣬ūʧˣĿⲢû˿η壬΢΢
ˣǻֿū
ʣµһЩūˡ
ƣû°ɣݹĵ
۽ǵɨһƤͷߣ΢΢ͷС㣬Сû£
û¾ͺãλаᣬҸ׵ԺԽ̵ħһż۷ħʦǰӴص棡ж԰ء
ۿһ۰ᣬ˵ǰ
Ტû˿ֻǾעơ
ȴоԼѹԽԽ󣬶ԷͷžѾԼ֣ѹʱӳǿ
ѹɲ壬꣬Էľ·Դ͸壬ֱӰ̶꣬ϵĽѹ
ݱ˵ʲôϿһж֪ǰڲơ
ӡӣʮӹȥ˶һ
µѾûбҪװȥˣȻҵľôҾԸϣװߣŪͣ㲻һҴ٣
ΧŲǹҴſ׵ԪӤֿѹ
ֻʱ̫Ҳ£ƷߵĶͷѾˣԣֻ˵ǰѹûʲôã
ʲôͷҲֲסˣȻջؾԾĶƣΪԼˡ
ǰͶԾߣٴ˵
գҲɴ˫һŵӡ
ǰȴҡͷܣԲܣⲻϸħ;ɣϾԲˣ
ǰʲôΪֻļ̽
ֻļ᲻š
ֻļˣ͵ˣҵȥҸף˵ʲôҲƴߣﱻ۸˵ͱʼɵļūˣᣬһ߰ɣת뿪
ῴһƣջ뿪ˡ

ݴ󷿼֮߳򰲶ʵǶüūɱƣ
Ӧòм٣ūżʱ֣׵ɢ
úܺãҳǰݵҲòأǣȴֲü˺ƣ
ūŴСɣʱҲܱǣ
ǰһԼܼһǺģ˵ͷ㱣ǣȻ͵͵뿪Ҳܰ̽̽ǸūǷ԰ݺͼģ
ģԻᱣС㣡
ֻС㣬ҲҪãɶŰᡣ
˵ͷ
ˣȥ׼ɣ峿ͺôСԼһͬ뿪ȥϷļʱסһٸ㰲˼ļūΣҪҿƣ
˵һ£ãƺ¶ģ˵һʲô⣬ҲԲ˽Ƹߣ½ɱһȵ˵طҲҪūȦ
ٴβ©ɫĵ˵ͷ
뿪˲ȥ׼ɣ
Ṫȥֻǳ˷֮ĿȥƷڵķаԾѹߣϾԲܴΥɵһǾҲʥ򼶱ǿǾʹʥǿҲ
Լռ½֮ٵġ
Ŀ¶˼̰̤ȥ
һҹƾͷԼȻͻƵļޣƺΪ켱ģ̨ϴһʹԼѪҺ٣ȼ˸ڲҩѾﵽĲ۷壬ʱͻƵĿܡ
ڴ֮ϣתڴһ΢ϵĳһƿ


295 ҹ
ڶ峿ƺͰᣬԼ˼ʿһͬͬһϣһλļūڰĺ棬һͬ뿪˱˵ò
ͬʱݵĶɯҲӵū¶˲мı飺벻ūûͦأȻ͵͵ߣԽˣԽŹūȥβֽӺŵݹȥ
ūȥ
ɯȫɯߴμ塣
ҲǼΪʲô˵ɯƲͳȥԭ
ʵʹɯˣҲ˫۾ڶű˵ò
һ˵ܿʻ˱ţʮ֮󣬾ȻСȥ
ƶҲ뵽ʲôʱȴоԼ˼ӺͿˣžż۷ħʦᣬ滹˼ĶʿڶԷĿУκεĸ顣
ҵĻӦҲڱ˵ɣЦһԱĿ
粢ûʲôʲô飬ʱһѾɳ۳ȥʮˣʮν졣
·һСʱͣһҷǰСһϵı־ĵӭȥ
³С˽ӵԺһɾߴҴææ֮󣬻æС㣬ܼңôˣ
ô࣬׼һЩԵģǳ껹Ҫ·ݿ˵
߻æͷСѾٵĶһЩġ
ʹõͲ͡
Ʋ绹ûгԹһٷԣԭرĿ
üͷû˵ʲô
֮˾ʹҴææ뿪ȴûκα־˿ԭȥû뿪
һ磬ҹڱ˵üҵµùݾͲͺ;ס
ڴ֮ϣվŵǸ˼ʿӰԼÿӾͻ̽ľƲЦһߣ˭ס
˵꣬˫ʼҹѾͻƵ˵弶Ѿʮңʮ׵İ뾶㹻ʹõԱˣǰ˼ʿȫĵǹ˲ɱ
ԲҲΪȶΪΪҹѾͻˣڶһˣҲˡ
ϰҹڰжȹǵ°ҹƵ˫ȻˣΪоһɲͬڰľ̽顣
ȻڷİȻɳ˴⣬ڿ˷ϣжٺһʲôˣ
ҹ֮У߿֮ϣһͷħޣ˫
ͷųĴϣվһħȾżħʦѾˡ
ͬʱùܵİӰ֮УʮλӲĺˣֱ۴ֵľѾңʹ˷ϵħ׼ӳ֣˲֡
ˣҲȡħȣٶ³ħγһɫħ֣ħϵĺ챦ʯȻһһʵĻ򣬷·ʵһĳ֣ӭЩ޼˹ȥ
߼ħ׵˵ÿһҪƵʹð˼ǿ
ء
ȼżЩ˱ɣ׷׵ɶȥԲ׼Ϊƽأùܵķݱȫݻ٣˯ȥ
ϵǸħʦҲѾһ͵ħʮ׵չƾֳ򰲶ͳ˹ȥ
ˮϵռħȺ衣
ˣɫ䣬ԷΪӲҪǣԷбеħȵıʯٴ࣬ˮùݵʱ򣬴غȻƣҽĻ𣬾ٴλһ޴ʵǽ
ϵռħҽǽͬʱ߱ͷܣص׵ĳңȼճ޴Ļ𺣣Χ㣬ƻǿһҪԪظ
ɴ˲ѿỹһԪħʦ
ˮײ˻ǽ֮ϣ˫ã̶˫˫ɢ
С͵ùˣżħʦսƻ֪ݲǱˮûݻ٣Ǳһա
ݼٵĳƵķ䣬˼ʿı֮£ٵ뿪ùݣŰһХ֮УһͷٻжϷ߿һŻ浯
߼æӶħȣ˲ͱһˮǽֵһһϣ
ౡ
ˮƾᣬͼ˹ȥ
һ̣֮оͶһǽ·ħȣ˸ŻĹâħ
ǰ˼ħʦ磬ѾǸˣԷ˲ħǺǿȻɽ¡
ƣǳ뿪ץסƵֱۣ˷ݣٴε𣬾֮ϣͬʱվı
һĹ򣬾Ѿͷ˼˼ʿūһͷ
Ǳ˵üרϣҲֻǶѱ꣬ͬӥ֮Ĺϵһ˫ŹϵԼ


296 ΧɱūȦ
ƾճֵͷ˼Ҫһ˼ħʦҪǿΪǸҪħһſھǿȸ߼ħĻ浯߻ߣƻǿ
ħޣҲɵĶˣż֮ͷһ߼ħ
ԲС򣬳ױ˵Ƭ֮䣬ʧˡ
ǣսû˶֮Уַֻܿħޣһֻʮ׵ķһͷʨգվһ˼ħʦ
ˣ˫һ˿أ˿ݣС㣬ߣ
ݵ˵ͷϷ۶ȥ
˸׷ǰȴ˲ǽסǵȥ·ĿȴڿųϷİ˼ʿ
˵ûеһ˵˵ͷβŰݾͷ˳ȥһȴһѾ޽ڶУӶ޽ɱħʦ
ʿϳ򣬾ħʦĩգһ㲻٣λ˼ʿо޽ɣϵĹһУʹħʦֻó
ʱ򣬰һżħʦȴͬʱԼħ䡣
ᷢǻ棬֮УƾնһǵĻ棬СϿգ·콵һ㡣
Էˮۣ֮׵ˮУ·޴磬ŷĺХһסˣһȴ˰ᣬ֮ѳһʮ׵ľ޴֣ס
η壬ǻ潵ٶٴӣһֱʮ׵Ļ򣬲ϵ˹ˮ֮УȻըǹ˶Է
䡭
ըڶϵĳһ޿ӣ汻ս֮½ĸһˮСѾһˮ̶
ͬȼħʦƴһʱѷֳʤǸ˼ʿǻ濪ʼ֮Ѿ˵˰ԣܣ˽͵Ϯ
Է˼ħʦҲҲǻǱЩ

ݴƣһ˼ʿĻ֮£Ϸɡ
һֱ˰֮⣬ֻٶȲŴһۣĿгǡ
ֻǸ˼ʿȴڽܣʱʱĽĿɨƣվڰݵı˫ַŰݵĲӯһյ֫ʹһԳǲеŮˡ
֮еζ
ɫѾ𣬿ǰỹû׷ȴ½˼Сڵ㣬ϸһ¶˼ǣֻħ׷˰ݲʶ
׷ˣǿߣݼһٶȺȻӿ졣
ߣΪߵ𣿡
һЦ·Ȼʮֻɫľӥÿһֻӥ֮ϣһħ޹ˡ
˵׷״һ׶ľ޼գֱ尲ơ
Ǽͷ֮ϣֻ˸ź⣬˸ħԪء
ħæһ𣬶ֱӿһ˲һǽħٴλ裬еһʱͻһЩӥ
ʿϵħʦͬϣȫɱһħʦ
ΪҪȻеĻԪأֱʹþ³Ļ棬γħ൱˲ħ
ҲǱ˵ü峤ʢ˥ԭ֮һ
ħڻǽбըγǿĳԪɢɣ尲ݡ
ǳ𣬰ħȵĺ챦ʯҲڲϵͷŻԪأһٴγ֣ѣռԷʮӥʿ
ѾϳˣԷʹķӥʿҲǹϵΪ֮ˡ
ֻǷӥս̺ͬħԪҲٶȴҪ죬ݷĹ׶㿪ʮʿַ֣ͷųħ
ಡ
ħϵڿݵձըݶһΣȴܲסԷ˶ˡ
һû񣬱ħֱӻĻ֡
䣡
Ͱݱͬʱըɣȷֿ֮УɢɫķԪؼٽ·䵶ڿٵĴи
ʱ׵ĸ߿գʹԷħҲҪˤ
һ˼ʿˣæֹͣӶٸ壬նյĽݸסˡ
ǣȴû׹ơ
ƣݺһ
ٺ١һЦһӳӥƵһ
һԪƥͰƸȻƽա
ƣٴξһ
ƵûоôֻǾעŶԷֻǶԷ棬ò
ٺ٣СӾȻͦܳסģԷ˵䣬Ѿ˵棬ƶķӥǰ
ʮҲ׷׽䣬еħȴŰݺǸ˼ʿ
Ҳֻ׹·һƬƽԭݵأ˫ŭĿӡ
СӣһūȦֻҪĸԸĴϣԺҵūԺһᱣİȫһȫ㣬ô
·ӥƵǰȴһɫȦȦǶżűʯĥķǳ⻬Ҳڳţ˵䣬ҪȦƵĲϡ


297 ƽսסȫ
˼ʿ˼ħʦѾӦ˶ԷʵҲǸǿˣȴʵūΪʲôҪūȦȦʲôã
ǺǺǣôɴˣ֪Ϊ㣬ǼҡطòײŪūȦģֵңɣҶӣһңѾһٸ߼ʿūˣã֮ͻˣ𷴿ֻҪĸԸĴϣұ㲻£
˵ţԷҲ֣·ڻһ
Ҫɫ䣬Ҳû뵽ԷȻŪūȦⶫʹһЩͥҲʹòġ
ùҿƲûᰲݵļ́ԷҪȦ
һ㶣֮Цĺūţ
ͽȦӸƣû˿ǡ
ⶫҴ߲ϣܿңƷȥĴţмħ󣬶ЩʯпħʯΪħṩģҲһĽΪ̣żĶǶ޷ƿֻʹþͼ̽ʱȴһǿľ
٣һֻĺӣĥˣкǿľϣ޷ƿģﵽʥģֻǴڲϣԺΪκεӰ죬ֻҪԹԵУϰɣԷ·ĺһֻ˵һ
Ƶ˵ͷ˶Էһۣɨһʮˣͷ˿ݺһ˼ʿֻǸ˼ʿݺݵĶԼһѾ޽ԽԽ
ɱǰ˼ʿȻһڿնо޽ͷųһʮ׵Ľɫնգһţ
ߣǰĺһʮеĹ˲Ҷȥ
䡭
м׼˹ƵĶȻ飬⼸ֻ˰˼ʿ

ʸ˰˼Ķʿϣȴ˽ײ˼ʿȴҲը飬¶һɫס
ƽսףʥͬʱһ
˼ʿأٴαһо޽һɽɫĹâٴ䣬һӿ񱩵ĶĺХơ
⶷нƤ˺һ㡣
ֻǣڶнӽƵʱƵȴȻʧдƵλôգ۾˺˵ǰ
Ǻ˴һæо޽ȫš

䡭
޽Ϊ룬ײĻϣƿգɣǰѪģ
ʥٴξˡ
ԭղλ˼ʿûзȫûб¶ƽսס
ʿ˵üһƽȫ߼ϵΪʹöʥ
˾㵵ǣƲˣƾʧˣǰ˼ʿЩӥʿɶΪƶ
˼ʿҲǹˣ´ɫء
֪ƵΪѾʹòַˣ
ܿ죬˾ͷһҵĵطƾճһڵ㣬ڵԽԽ֮Ȼǣһȷһڴ׳ĺƾֳ
˶һ̧ͷ
ߣǧףĸͷ­׵ĸ߶ȣ·
һͷ֮ϣȴվһӰ˭
˷ӦĸͷѾͬʱ˹һ絶ս䡣
˴󾪣ħ޼ڵأʮֻӥ򶼲ȶˣ˫ŵý
䡭
汻ըһ޴ӣƬ֮䣬ʮֻӥͬʿѾʧˡ
˵üǸ˼ʿҲڤʹһˮ
ڤСƻأ˰˼ʿǰһ¯ƵУһâ¯з˼ʿ͸УǸѾˡҪƴūȦļһҲ˽ȥ
һУֿ˿ԶֻĿһɱڤ˲ɳֻҲ֮
չʮףڵľս뾶ʮףԣĺ޷֮ѾȡˣȻ΢Щ
űѪǺûţʹð¯գֱս֮ؿһѪҺŽ¯ڡ
ˣݲΡΡƵԣĿʮηĶѾСֻһߵͷڤߡ
ú£˺ģƻͬʱҲڤ߼СͲ
ϢڤֻʥʹʥĽ׵ħʦֻҪڤ߲ԷҲ뷢
ȥƿݣ
ϷǣǱ˵üһǳأפоӣֻҪǾͲõıΧɱˣݻָɫ
жԶ
ֻҪ죬ǣеĻٵһ£
߰ɣһ¾һ£׼ʱ̹עɱǿ
ݵ˵ͷʱûˣѾָŮ͵̬ƣȴͬԶһ
Ťͷ˿㲻ǰ·ô֪ߣ
ŻȻѣæӿ첽ͶͬУʱɫѾ


298 СŮū
ǣѾõСΪƽصϢ
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վǰ¬˹˵ӦֻȥһطǾǣڼǻкܳ·Ҫߵģ
Ͽɵĵ˵ͷǿ֣ɼżʵڲУ̴˿ҹȥūȦһڱ˵õǸūĲϡ
άﰲлصѾ¶϶ɳֵģħѧԺ֣ΣǸūߵǣɲˣѾҪģֻҪÿ壬Ƕˣٳֲ٣
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ȫʧʲô˼ľɭһЦ˳עǰļˣ
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˵ľɭ͵һŰ
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ǺǣǺǺǣû뵽˵ü廹湻ūģԽӣԽóѣԲǸūɳ
ɫһϲǿ֪λүǳգʥ򼶱Ķʿæȵ峤

μõϢ֮峤¶Ц⣺ٺ٣ڲ˺ð£͢ɳȥûеóѣɳȥ˸ȫʧʣǲǸˣ֪ͨȥǰ׼Ǽūţ۸񻹻ٷһ
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ǰȻһħ壡
˵Уȫֻн͢ʿʹʸ䱸ȫħӳֵֹǧƽ򲻵һʮ֧ĶʿҲԵֵ߼ħʦҪԼӷ֣һȥҲһ
ȸһƱǾȥɴһɽͷԲʮʮկģ˭͸ǣȸˣٰѶȥ
ˣһƱ²óԣСħ޿ǸӦԷΪǿҲ߼ħʦǰ˼һ֣Сӥڿն
ҶСģ˶Ұټһ飬һᵽ̣ȸҷħ󡣡ͷ˵䣬ҲڱĿ·ڸǵӥоͨ
ٺźˣжģϹľģڲݴеģңǰжʱŨŨɱ

ڲڵƣȻֹͣ¶һĨЦǰ
Ҳ֣ͷһ˼ħʦ̽鷽Բףûκη֡
ǰ˵䣬ڤ߾Ѿͷ֮ϵһֻӥʱͷһˤա
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300 Ȧ
ܿ죬֮оͽһĲҽֱҽƲźͰһͬǰ
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㣿ħޣʵһһ弶ʿôӵʥ򼶱ħޣ


301 µū
ڤߵĻ֮Ҳǳ𾪵ĶƣǸ㲻ΪʲôһʥԸƵħ衣
֮󣬷·Ȼץסʲôݣ˵㲻ūܸǴūȦҿҲֻƽɣƽǲūģ򣬾ͻᱻץȥңūȦһ˷ˣҲⲻһ
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ЩֻðԺ취ԴǣݿħеĲиִħᡣ
˿ʬ壬׳ᦣʬͬδüɢȥĻһУþŹɣҽЩʬǺ;ѪҲᦵƷ
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μˣƺͰͬʱüͷͬʱ˵ͷ


302 ڲ
ʵûμˣҲ뷨ˣһûд϶вٺöǾǰ·һͬڵɽͷȥ
¬֮Խ룬Ϊɽȴһӣɽկͽӵ֮䡣
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Ҳͣһ֣ʹð¯͸ͷųһЩʯ˰¯֮УԪӤ˰¯ڿʼȦ


303 ͵Ϯż۷
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ӹҩֱ֮Ӿ̵˸Уʱ͸оһתȫֱϴԡ
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˼һĻ˷ܵĻæڵأͷʱѾ׵ķĵĶ˾ηղƿ˵Ժпܴﵽʥġ
Ƶϻǧ֮Ƶ񵤣Ҳںˡ
˵ⵤҩ֮Ƶҩ֮ҲС죬֪ԭ֮ǰҩǺεȵ󣬹ֲôͻˣ֮УĿеӰָߴ˼֣ǿƵĵҩʹǿҲƳġ
ʵҲ֪ǲ񣬵񣬲ҪһӵҪǿ󣬷ͨļ
ɫѾˣһҹ֮С
ֻںҹʱȻоһϤϢɨӹвɵһ᣿
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ƺͰ໥Ŀһۣڰĵǲûио֣ż۷壬һ൱ڰֻ̤ʥǿߣͨ˿Ѱҵﲢ̫ѣرԷзеħޡ
ʵҲȷƻֻ˲Զд򶷺ۼԾʹڸҸɽͷ̽һ£û뵽ľҶˡ
ᣬûǰɣݺѾɽկԺ֮С
ƮƮ˶˵ǰ´һƣŻشݵʻūû£ֻһֱĴС㣬С㣬֪һأ
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ͺãֻǾĵ˵ͷɨһۿĻƽûж˵ʲô
ǣð벻ǣƽڿʱкȻһذףѸײڶ֮ƣֱӴ֮С
ʹһһӴľγһǿ籩ɢ
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һ̣ǻƽٴȥֶһؽһƥĽٴλ˰ᡣ
벻ƽȻԼ¶֣ոյħȣǽѾǰ
޷ƽǰ˼۷壬һҩ֮ʱ׼ͻ֮УҪǣеؽƸһѵ񼶱
ոռħȣͱĽֱնϣ˲û·֮ڣֱʱʹһħ֡
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䣡
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ֻǰָո³ȴƵĺȻһʹӹâɱ˳һৣ


304 ռ
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ڽĻħָ壬ٴи˿ڡ
ͬʱƽ˼ιȫ䵽ʵϵĻ׳׻顣
æңȴһĨЦ⣬һɫľɵͷͷųҫ۵Ľ⣬ͽС
ռħ᣿ݾһһᣬҪң˾ͷųӴϢѹһмʥ
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ƼˣȴһЦڿնؽ£ħϷϡ
䣡
޴ĳײʹڻƽֵıУֱӾ˵صס
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˾һ죬ƽȻըѣһʮףֱʮ׵ӡ
˵Ժ䱻֮һܵķݸǱ䣬ʯɢɣһء
һѾһϢ֮УĿ֮г֮⣬ɻڶûŪ״СΪʲôҪɱԼ
һĻƽһԶɵˣʱ֪˭ʹǱ˵üˣǱūλٸߵļūҲһ
Ҳʱ׳˰¯ͬǸƵĻƽᣬһͬС
һУųһ˽Ļ̫٣ֻµӦƷĻףʹΪߣ˼޷ӳ͵ϮҪɱҲΪ򵥡
ȴû뵽ԷȻ˵£ŪһƽᣬҪûлƽտʼȸһ»Ҫٶ鷳ˡ
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ûж˵ʲôܲ³飬ӦװŵģֻˣǷԣԼѾȫƣҲͱҪƣΪ룬ȻҲϣ˺Լס
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˰֮˶Ŀһƽϡ
ֱӿ˵£
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꣡
ƽԥˡ
꣬ңԣҵκεķѾͷų˾Էһϵѹ
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Ҫģֻħ޶û뿪ֻͬ˵üˣڰݵ֮£˰¯֮У¯ȱټħޣֻ˼ħޣ¯Ҳ࣬ΪԽǵǿڲĻԪأԺҩ裬Ҫ׵Ķࡣ
һҹҶûţʮͷӰ˶Ҹ֮ҰɽկеʳҲ˽ȥ
һֱԱ߹۲³ˣԽľȣһż۷ħʦӵռᣬȻôıɱˡ
ԣҲ͸Ͽˣ֪˵һµͷߡ
ֵ°˼ʿѾƽ³˵Ǹ˼ūͣ³˸ȡһֽūֺе⻹¬
رǺĸڳ֮󣬽ܿͻƣﵽżʿҲָտɴ
ˣҲ½һСȼʱ򣬵ƾЩߵ㹻ʥڵĶԿˡ
Ҳˣʹõе˷ѣΪЩ˷Ӳ֮ص֮޷ǲɵˣʹ൱򼶱ЧһЩ
ܿˣ˶˰¯֮ûЩȥҸ֮ңΪŮ
һ֮ڣ¬ūƽȫͻƵ˾żңʮˣҲ˺ܴͻƣر߼ħʦȫﵽ˰˼
ˣƽʱ˵ˣͨĵҩûгԹּ޲Ǵӿ޻ģѾѹ꣬ͻҲȻ
ôһ֣ͱ˳ȥֱȥɨɽͷһͷ¬ڤߴˣƻڤһռһѵڤ߰˶սռ֮С
ôȫΪԺһߣңȨ󽻶ˣһѱģȻҪǣȱ֣Щ˱һ¡
³ˣֱӴ˻ȥԺ취ٶһЩΪϸߵūǣԼȦ


305 ʥ
ƣð᣿һͬ¯һϢİ˵
ǲͶҵģʹͶңҲ˼ɵĽҵ㸸ף֪ԷĿ϶ȦĿƣʹˣƴҲơ
һū۵ʵū͡
ûٻػֻǰȴʵĿⶢŰݣС㣬ΪҪɱң
ҪɱƣȻҪɱ㣡֪ҲȲ˰ᣬֱԵ
ռӦòǴСİɣѵǴС㣬ͶūĿȻɱȻĶơ
Ҳ¸һЩʵµòСȷʵѾӦΪҵūͣƵϺޱ仯
µ֮󣬻ǲţʱֱɨƺͰݣգʵ㵽ʲôˣ
ʲô˲ҪҪǣҲΪκ˵ū
㱾ū˵ԼΪκ˵ūΪѼͽ͢׷ˣһӶֻūﶼֻܸΪūΪͣһϢİᣬ·Ȼ˾һЦ
ıҵģ򣬰Ϊ˵䣬Ҳ̧ס˰ݵԲ⻬°ͣһۡ
ͷȻһ֪ǹῴģԵҲƵᱡ
ˣĿ˸˺⣺ūȻҴС⣿
ݣ£ƶٺһ
ˣֱӾ͹ƵĽ¡
˷·𲻸һ㣬͵û֣ɫⲻģСԲΪһūūͣƣ㲻ݸҿˣھɱңҪߣԶѲ˵ģܸıʲôΪ˼ūܴԸˣԶı䲻ūݣΪūԼҸ㣬ʹﵽʥҲ룬ʹɱ㣬ҲԲɵģ
ˣˣվЩʹĶŰᡣ
ȴҡҡͷ˵ĶģҲʵΪҲ˵
ü˼
Ƴ̾һᣬһὫҵһ֮Уһ㿴ģ㣬ֻһȦˣʧȥһбܵˣ
һ֮󣬰ͱһ
һ̣ᷴĿ⼫Ϊ׶ûɱûʹޣ·һֽѡ
ֱӵͷ­ſһһģôţ㽫ﵽ־磬ҪԶܸıʲôԶ
ᲢûеֿᦵգҲûнǿɱûþŹĻǣ֮еѪдš
һЩˬĴãźͰһͬ뿪¯վԺУ̧ͷ˿Ǭɵ̾ūʵҲūĿȡ֮帳ǵҳƷʣǺѽ⿪ļ
룬ƴ죬֮ڤߺ˷أһȡǧˣа˼ʮ߼ҲʮˣҶٶвħ޾ʯԼľҩġ
߼Ͱ˼ˣÿʹһҩþʮöȦȫԺ
ڰݺƵߣֻ˵üĻƽǵĵ˻ؽڣԭʥɱǿ䡣
޵սУѡƥȽϺõģ˰ⰰ۶ȥ
ɱգհݹƣֻҪܴﵽǺȻͬʱ̧֣ͷϹ
һ۵ˣ˫ֻǰ·Ѿ͵һ㣬˫ЦЦĿ·𿴵ĸˡ
ݵɫΪţĿĶǰǶ
ʥ򣿡ͷҲһ벻˾Ȼɳʥ򼶱ĸ֣Ȼ£ʥɲôɱģһɱ¶Լʵ©ԼϢӭԼıȻǸǿĵˡ
ߴ֮һ峤ľɭܣ˻˵ǰһƬĽҰأûκ˼ҡ
ƽʿæսƺͰݵĽǰ
ףӦǱ˵üеĻƽɣλӦҲͣȻǾżѵǻҶֲɣЦһһȻԵõӡ
ݼæ˵֪סǵȥ·Ϊ£
Ϊ£ӦСҴգһҪȥĿƵϣϵЦݺȻ


306 ʥԾ
ҵļūǰΪʥ֣ļūѵͲö𣿡ݲû˿˲Ҳǳı䡣
ǣȴûᰲݣЦСūߣұ֤ɱ㣬ңԺ󻹻úõ㣬
𣿱ȱ˵ü廹еװɵζ
ô˵ôЦ˵һȫϵܵūȤǷѰڵüƲļʿ弶ʿиӡϲ
ϲֻǽƽһū֮ϡ
ҪǲӦأѵ㲻֪ū̶𣿡ϴżֳЦ
һ˻û¶˼ͣ΢΢ͷһū̶벻㲻ֻ츳ܸߣūƷҲǳĺãԣӦøߣ˵Ů޵ūֻͣҪҰɱˣô֮ˣӴԺͿ԰Ϊô
ûаѰݵ¡
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ȴΪĬϣĿַ˰ݵϡ
ݻһµҲΪһεѹ˲
ȻλһӰֱӴƽмķ϶˵˰ݵǰӭһĵն˰ݡ
ͬʱƵҲȻһâݵ֣һ̣ݾӰʧˡ
ˣ
׳ĵսһΪ˻
ƵһֻҲѾһӰֱ
ˣоһһӰŻһɱ̹ǵĺ⣬ɫ䣬ͳһѺɫ䵶бһߺˣ
˵ͬʱ䵶Ҳٷһ浶ǽ÷겻͸
ء
ݺᣬƺƽʿҲܵ˲׷׵ɶȥҲըһӡ
𡭡
ڤһŭκȻĸͷ­ֱհ׸߶ȣҲ˵˰֮⣬һЩ𾪵Ķͷھϣܵͬȼѹ
µǣĸͷ­൱ĸʥס
û룬գÿʱÿ̲ս֣óͷӦֻǴﵽʥ򲢲á
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˫յĿڤߣһ֮Ѫɫ䵶֮дֱ׸߿գ׼ڤ߾һ
һɳʮ׵ĵ·һƾճ˳磬ˣǴɵĹΣһַޱȣ޼᲻ݵĸо
䣡
նƿһ죬̶һ֮䣬͵ڤߵǰ
ڤͷԽԽûиоڤ
ڵڤߵǰ֮ʱڤߵŴںȻſĵˮ㼯һХǵײһ
䣡
һ֮ƺͻƽٴεɳʮףˤ
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ʥսȻһ㰡Ƶĵһ뷨
Ȼһͷħ޾ٳһұҪ㣡Ϸ裬·һ
̤һţռ䶼һһžͷ·˼ʵĴϣѪɫָסȴٴΰθ߶һ׵âѪɫкȻðնǺȻһ¡
Եĳ˵һԼǿҵĵ͵ѹ˸оֻԼСһ֮£ǰĴ
Ƿη壬һƾһľƺֻʣһâδǿĿʹƺƽٴκˡ
ڤ߸߰ͷ­ĵˮѾĿмƼȻû˿η壬ͬս죬ڵâһֻᣬĸˮɳ
䡭
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䣡
ˮֱγ˷Բ׵ıըǵâըĵɵ䡣
֮һ֣ɫһ죬¹һ¡
ѿȫһ֮Ҳʹˣǹĺֻµɤ۵ѪҺ
ԽԽ˺
ڤ߼ˣ˫кʤкȻһɫĹâ˹â֮£һһ㣬գ۾͵ǰɫĹâҲ˰ס
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֮ؽѾʮ֮أһ̣ûио˽


307 ʤ
ǣԽԽܼĶ־гһµ˲伤ȫת˫ճâ֣ӭſٻؽ¡
䣡
ؽ볤ײһ˫һͣâ裬ǿҵķ籩
ͷԼеĳȻһѷ죬֮Ϊء
ɵʱؽٴǰ壬ĸֱӴ
ˣ
ޱȣֻоԼĸôһ£ɱƣǣȴоڿٵʧҲ޷ۼκζˡ
ͷ˿ѾѪע̧ͷȥһɫĹâյ˼Ľӭǹâ˹ȥ
ڤʹÿռѾɥʧսȥ³ؽҲ֣һѵ񼶱͸ġ
ħûǰʹ츳ʹãʱ򷴶𵽳ʤЧֻҪעУڤʹõԲƵܱġ
һʥƶڤҲ࿴ĸͷǾǲһ㣬Ļһĳʥ֮ԾҹһܹɱԷ
ڤСԵҲήңƺĵĸһ񵤣ڤû˵ʲôֱСΣƵͲҩ裬ȥˡ
żĻƽһĻãʱŷԭ˵ħôǿ
ݣһ˶úõģҲ̤ʵæʵأ
ѾˣﶷȣҲʱˣڤ˿ռƽ͵
ΪʱϣץסˣԺɾһʥˣ治֪ľɭôı飬϶ҪˣЦ
ץסǶ԰ҲͺýͶˣһᵽ˳Ǽе򲮾Ѷ˵սؼʱ򣬱֮£Ȼͻʥͬھˣ˵
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һ˺ܿ뿪ƬҰ֮ǰݷһ߼ħԲǧ׷һ飬д򶷵ĺۼ
սûˣִӿռӵƥܿһǳأͬб˵üĲҵ֮˾Ľ˵鴫ݻؼ塣
˲ûڳţҹǣ·
ʣµ⼸գûʲôˣΪ֮ǰͣ˼죬ʣµЩͼڰ·صĪ˼֮󣬲ûзƣԱûٵȥһַأһֱǰǣͼǱѰһɱ׽ơ
ǣϷһɽɽ붷½ħɽ綫ǧǾɽɽ£סĵط
˳֮ʱԸоĲ̧ͬͷ죬ϵиָչɹ·صǰʱ
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Ǳ˵üӵҪ֮أǱ˵üԴأ˶ѡסǲҪٵĶ࣬Ҳ֮ãҵһͷԸǩūԼ
ǺһǲᱻģֻеõϿɣŻǩƽԼūԼ˱˵ˣһֻһͷħͨħʥ򼶱࣬ǻ֮󣬷ɻɽ
ֻԼħı˵ˣŻᱻΪʿһִҫ˵һˣͨ
ǵĳų꿪û˵ǻֵܵʱʱ׵ı˵üĻѲ߹Ҳкܶ࣬ۿΰʿ
ƲûڿпԼħͬĻṲ̋˱˵üĸۡѾӭˡ
ݰݵĽܣһλʥĳͬɽ֮Ҳһͷʥ򼶱
ԣ԰ū͵ݸڰ󣬲ҽڤ˿ռ֮С
һа֮ƾڰݵĴ£ȥ˼еҪˣձ֣ӦýжԷһ󲮣൱ڸ峤λʥϣһҲܼ
֮Уݵλ󲮱˵ղɭԴŰݵĿʱʱɨƣֻǵݸոս֮󣬱˵ղɭ㲪Ȼʲôˣ
ǸߴΣھͬʱҲͷųһɼǿľѹ
Ƽˣ֪һ;˫޵ļһΪǾż
ãλ˵ղɭŻһȴȻŭΪһ֪εļūȻʧһֻ̤ʥļ֣治֪峤ôģְ鷳Ƶˡ
˵ղɭƵĿЩ䡣


308 
󲮣ȻˣеȴҲѾˣǰѾ֪ͨҸˣŴҲ֪ܿһϢģݻص
ˣ˵ղɭٴζݡ
ڷеλˣһϢ֮ɫһ䣬ɵͬʱˣ
˿ŰϿɵĵ˵ͷ
ϺȻֳЦݣ˵ղɭǴЦˣȻҲܱɱ
ЦݾͽӲˣΪ뵽һؼ⣬ٴĿŰݣǱ˭ɱģ
ھһսʱ򣬺Ȼͻʥ˫˫ݵĻƽ
ǷеȴһȻҲͻʥ
ɷǵʬ壿˵ղɭٴʵ
ҡҡͷ
飬Ҫһ֤ʵ˵ղɭĻص
ܿ죬˵ĿַƵϣΪūʧʥ֣ΣͻƣĻǱ˵üһ϶ʹñ˵üźٴ
ΪͼūȴͬھȻɱһʥ򣬵ЩȴԸ⿴Щԣ˵ĿǲƵĶƣ˭֪ͼūԺܲܳΪʥ
ʹΪʥΣһʥһʥ
峤ǰЩѾ֪ͨ˵ղɭƴūҲΥҲΥֻĬϽơ
ݣ˵ҲѾˣ⼸죬ɽܲѡһʵİ
лл󲮣
ūǴŰɣ飬ܾôˣҲʹ˰ݣɱ·ɱұ˵üˣܶԷǲһʥ򣬱˵ü嶼ؽһı忴Цȥɣ
ݴƣ뿪
˵ղɭȴüͷȡ˼ǰѾı˵дһţþã³һ׺ȫϵȡѪҺȡϵȣһĸȼҿֻĸɣūѾ弶ˣʹ㣬û㹻ҳΣҪο鿼СӣѵķҪūȦ
ūȦɲô״ģй嶼ǳūһ裬ҪΪ޷ͻƵūҲˣȴ޵ǱһūΪȦϵˣȦþͲˣ˶һū
ڹūϣһĵõģøᲢá
ݺһ̤ͬһۣһ飬ڣѾûǵˣǱ˵ü£ʹʥҲùԹԵǱš
ƣ㲻ҪշūǿдūģнǶȥǶĸūҿԳǮЩūȻѱһеģ
鲻ɣϼ·ȻȥϢϢ
ݹɵĵ˵ͷ
סһԺУ֮ǰݾڳĵһľĴԺ˾סĵط⣬м˷䡣
ƽҲѾ˾ͳ˰ݺƵıˡ
·Ĵ֮ϣƾԪӤ֮ڣѪϷİᣬЦ鴦ôӦҲİɣ
Ʋûзհĸ֪
ֻĺһΪͷ߾ܺ½
ô˵½У֣ҵ֪ΪߵҲṆ̀мʥ򾳽磬һҲģҲﵽ־ģ
ﵽΣҿԸߣһ֮ǰҲһˣΪ̣ǿù嶼ӵĵزͬţū£һӵ񣬿˴Ƭ򣬵ͼıʱ򣬻Ǳɱȫ䣬ΪߵҲȫɱΪ͵Ҳš㣬ҲĽ֣Ц
գȴüͷӵ񣬾Ȼ˸ˣ
Ǹ˭ƶŰᡣ
Ҳ޷·ҲѾ˵ˣҲʲôҪ飬͵ĸ߼ū֪ģɵգ³֣죡
죿ͷһ񣿡
ôҲ˵ҲǴūĿеż񣡡
ܣ˵첻һٶǰӦ𣿡ô˵иݵģΪĴм䣬˵һٶǰŵ½ġ
һٶǰ½İɣǾͲˣ½һ꣬Źһѣ
ԭˣƳĬˡ
ԣ˵һŬ룬㲻ܸıʲôģôֻøȥµǧʬǣõ֤ΪվǺ㻹ᣬ֪ͷͬҪܴᵭĻص


309 ͬ
̧ۿŰ᣺ͷҪʲôǺǺǣҪһʵūֻҪһˣ
һһˣرΪԲףΪվֱУָǺܴ𣿡
ƨū˼⣬һˣⲻɣԲǣ㲻ӦóԼ˸񣡡
õŸ˵Щ㲻Ҳñ˵ȹ廹Ҫ̣㲻ֻǿǵǵ꣡
ǺǺǡЦˣ˵òһһͷеūǣһûе֮ǰҾԲκεĲԣ㲻õһ·㣬һᣬֻҪΪҿΪᦵˣһҾµʱ򣬻Լģʹ͸һԣ
£ͱˣʲô˲ƣ֪ҵ꣬ÿСǵȵһԴﵽʥ򣬲ңҲѾŵңֻҪﵽʥôҾͿȢ˵üŮΪޣԷϾλΪĹеһӣȻϣһʱҵŮͻΪ壬ŹĴ㣬һ룬ҵһУ˵ѾںˣŭĿԲָơ
ȻִЦ༸꣬ۿžҪɹû뵽ͷȴڵӣɵ룬ҳΪ룬ڣ㻹ҪٴΪūÿ𣿰
գþδ
òײ־簡ֻһֻһò׼ɽȻСֹٴ׹ɽסƣ㲻ᶮҵģûԸһӵĹûԸ⣬ҲûԸװֻ밴·һİȫ֪ҼΪʲôȢ𣿲Ǽͬ⣬ǷǳҳɼҵΪҲҵŮһΪ˵ūһ˳ЩÿѾˡ
˵ˣ·һӲࡣ
ڳĬţĻȻ뵽࣬ǰһÿһ˶СЩǶ¹һЩɹˣ˹壬ΪеһԱЩˣգǡ
Ȼٴ̾ı䣿˭ı䣬ı𣿶½滹ǣ滹磬ƣжʵʵеĹغúŬǱСԲģͿԺúõŮǼ̳ľλǻٽһ𣿡
ţȴȻŭãȻزˣұȻҪƣˣңԺˣɻվҸ㣬ˣƽȵģûоᣬԶ֪ʹ࣡
ˣƽȵģôЦͯ԰Цֻȴڻš
ҲںㆪˣҸ㣬ۼ֤һ磬ƽȣôһ磡˵գȻʧԪӤ˱֮ڡ
ĳһƷԼǲᶨһ㱻ˣ򵥵ļԻһսҪۣʱоǳƣ֣ΪһЩ飬һ㽫ǰ˵˳ؼǣǰľƽ
ƽȡ磡ֻǰеɣֻ鹹磬磡аһı۾ȴ֮ʧҸ֮ҡ
˲ˡˡ˴֮뵽ǼңԼϲˣѾһûкͼŮദˣҲΡ
ո̤Ů޵Ժ䣬Ůͷ·鳲һơ
̡ŮͽƸΧ£ŮȴҲԶԶĹš
ڿ϶ˣץסƵһֻ첲ʹĴ
һЩʧƣƣһĻд죬չ˫ۣ̺һͬ˻УãŽŮſ
ŮѾͨ죬ɬˡ
ÿһŮӵá
Ϊ˽ȴоƺ£ԣ㿪ʵС䣬ôˣǲĺܲģ
ûлشϸĿ˿绨ĺȻֱޱȼᶨΪߵ⼸ŮˣҲҪȥԲܵһ˺Լ飬ܷԼŮϣΪǣԼ㣬ܵ裬ʲôأһҪһļҡ
ΪܶɣƺȻƮݶȥ
ŮˣҲ׷׷׷ȥ


310 ӷѿ
һŽ󴲵ĴϣưѾϵŮ˽һſǶ档
ң̡绨񣬸ǧƿӦӲϾ
أĳ죬ʣ̵Ŀɰᣬ죬ǧҿôҲ
ǺȻ̵ɴ˫С磬ôֵֹģǲСû֣֮£֪ˣ
գʱͬйƤһ㣬һ㷭˰ۣɨǼ๫òòã
ٺ٣ɣ˵еģһģ๫ģԺﰡǻʮƯŮأǼѾˣҲź˳򣡡
ź˳ʲô˳򣿡
ǴĺʲôʱһƬˣǾͰȥ㵱ʵˣ󹬵ͽǽˣ㲻õģǽñ֤ǵ̵ǧģҪʲôУ
հô𣿡и̾һһ룬ҲδɰŮҪеģҲҪеģҪģӣأƾʲôܺúõܣ
뵽ƽ̺͹ƣȥ๫Ҳ̺̺๫
ٺ٣๫Ҫô̺أǸ˫ҿǿˣкöʽأҲһˣƵĶСֹţǷ֮ѾѹƵֱˣ
Ʋڷ̵СһڣǺûжİɣСӲѧãôԽԽˣ
ϲ˵Ů˲˲𣿡
ǽ˲Ů˲һ̺ţȺǵλϰϰΣٺ٣˵ţƺȻȽߵĹѹ£ڹϣȻֱӾ㴽
΢һ£ֹͣ˷˫ֱסƣȥ
Ůˣһ죬رǽĵһۣƵıϺݺݵĴһ£˳ȥ
뿪ȴҲѾȥ
ܾˣϾûжأƤɣڶŮһЦ
ô˵ƤͱȽϺඣһۡ
ٺ٣ȻǣǷģ๫һҲ
СԼ壡һѼ档
Ƿģȳ๫磡˵ϣ˫΢һͽ⿪ˣֱУ֮
ۣþûкˣָоˣƿл̾ţ·ȴѾԶȥҲԽԽ٣ѾʣƬˡ
ҲͬǺþûг˵ζƼ򵥵֮󣬾Ѿˡ
ƵĽҲǳʱʹĺ˳˫ͼץסʲôһֻȴСģѩɽ
ɬѵƵĶĽǲųڵ֣ɵһֽԵĹץסˡ
ʱѾֱſȥ˫ȴڲϵĽ⿪·һᣬͱС㡣
ţҲƸˡ
ƻǵһŮһˣʱһδŮҲʵĺܣɬУȻһʸУģȫͶƵĻ
ƵĶҪǰ࣬Ů޷ѣΪ֮ƲŴֱֽסˣһᣬǹ
ֻǳΪ֮νɣҲˡ
ƣǱ㳹ûһӦӲϾȴиԸУ֫ͦѩɽ˿ļֻϣһĸо
ͷ̲û뿪֮ĿУ治ϴ̼ζȥȴץסǵ÷̷˼ΰֻۣεѡ
һˣʲôΪҸղǹ๫𣿡֮̽˵
ҡҡͷ֪ǹ⿪Цġ
Ȼ๫డǻģҸĻǾǵĲˣ๫ץЩ˼ˣǸ˵ֲܿģ๫ΪǣԸ˵ūǻȴֲ֪ܵĿ࣬һ뵽⣬ҾޣҺȥ๫ú˵˵ţȻ
һޣҲŵᡣ
ǺȻֹͣ˿ԣԺҪúõȡճȥܰ๫æЩǶץȻϵСǺú
ţˣ̣๫ǰЩնһӺѿˣأȥ
ǰԺһƬܴĿյأǧƽңŮɻأֲŴ½ռ滨ݡ
ƹѧԺˮ̶ײõӣŮֲ˻ص룬һ¹ȥ֮󣬾ȻһѿȻֻһףѿܣȴһ㱡ɲֻˮγɣ˵ǰ뵣һţͻһһƢ


311 Ѱ
Ů㣬ֻоһҹ̫죬ոսսҸ֮ҾʹϢѾŶˡ
ΣֻŮ˯˲ʧ
ֻһߣŮȴͬʱ۾ǿյλãһۣ¶˼
ǶúȥɣƾǵݣԲܵ๫ٶȣ๫ڶѾ弶ˣȻļȴȫȫѾվʼϵ
ţ๫˵ܵĿ࣡죬һЩӡ
ǲǵģǳȥ
Ůȥʱȴͷ̾Ȼڻ԰׷׾ɵ˹ȥ
ǵĿҲ˶Ů̻æ๫أ
๫£Ѿˣ
һԵˣҧҧǿɰӡ
λ㣬ѿɺˣŵ֮궼оˣоٶĻܿ죡ָָֻһ׵Сѿ
Ů棬Χ£˹ȥ

ʱƣȴǳΣֱӹŰӳģ·˴Ȼôվ
ݼһĻŵþһæס˫ۡ
Ҳ΢εЦЦæ·ƽˣҿ壬ҲҵģҺ뻹Կˣ涼㿴ˣ
㣿ˣɬ˼㣬ѵƣȴԼֻǸūͣǷ߷߲ƽӣʲô㻹Կˣ˳Կĵ
ʰ֮󣬰ݲŸɿߺ˵ˣҪȥɽѰҪҪȥ
ȥ𣿡
ԣÿһȥˣԴһˣ⣡
Ƶ˵ͷĺǸȣǧۼһ𣬻ôһ׳۳
ֻǶ˸뿪Ժ䣬ӭˣʮ꣬һɫ·һϽۣһ˲ţͦıֱ
ܣܣһ󼤶
㣬Ҳȥҵܵңǵģ˵ǰݵͬͬĸ׵ܱܵ˵üġ
һǰݶɯĶӱ˵ФˣֻǱ˵Фȴȱ˵üĴһꡣ
һʮߣһʮֵഺ꣬˵󶼸׳ʿ͡
к֮󣬱˵üһЩĽĿ˿ƣ˵㣬׶ŮūȴѾūˣǲƽ
ƺ֪Ǹŵ顣
ͷ̧ڼĵͷһ£ֻһĨΡ
ʱҵСǣū͹Ůū࣬ҪʱҪūġ
磬û½ôٹڽʱ򣬶Ѿθˣ֮⣬˸Щ飬ĸûū
ΪܵḶ́ǰѻɰķĹ
ȴɯĶӱ˵Ф˿ԼĿûôԼԼһְɱĸоȻıȽϺãȴӲƵ۾
ʱЦ㣬ȥūɣô˼ūҲūϣȥǶūǲμӴ˵Ӯϼ׬㻨Ǯ
գûе⣬Ц㰡ǳնȥЩҽҪȥѰ
ѽҲȥѰҲҪ˵ȥأ˵Ф˼
ҲȥˣһͷദţֻûдӦҵİǿһͷĻһȥҲ죡˵ü˵
ݵͷϿɡ
Ǵ㣬㲻ʹūȥɣΪ弶ûУܱԺﲻǻƽôǴţФƳƳƣ˵
ҿǰ˼ħʦõű˵ı
Фգװģȴ¶˼ֵĵ⡣
ǰ棬߱ģūں棬ûκ
ȴڰФ˻ʲô°ɣĸ׾ͼɱңѵĸ׷ԸģñңҲȣ
ȵɽھǿɽķҲ˭ܽȥģҪ顣
һɽ˸оȻ֮ƾͱǰһоˡ
Բȥ·һƬԴ͵ĲݡԵĴɽԶ죬֮УչɹһЩʳݵĴͿԼС
ȣħڹȵ棬ԽȥԽħɭ֣һֱǧ֮һɽסһͷǿʥ򼶱ģ˺һƽ
ħɽ棬жʥ򼶱ħޣƺ
ɾͲ֪ˣӦвٰɣԲеʥ٣Ժ⼸ɾͶҪжȹˣҲСģһЩǻṥǵģ
һ̸߽һɽһ롣
ȻԽħ޵ΪԽߣʳԽ٣ҲտʼôˣʱʱĿ֮ɱΪǿĵȻ»
Ȼ;лٱ˵üӵܣҲס飬顣


312 ɱ
Ѱڱ˵ü˵ֻħʦרʿͬԣֻҪѧ֮ͨ佨˸֮ѡԶǩƽԼҲʿӥʿΪ󳬼ҵԭ
;˼ļӵܣҲԴϼˣǧ֮˲ͣ
˵üվһɽǰָָɽڣҵļңʱûշԣǲܽȥӦûʳɣ
ҪҪǼȥˣ˵
˵ü΢ԥһ£վǵ˵ͷҰѱˣʱȥǣ
ݵ˵ͷʣµ˼룬ʱѾǺҹˣɽŨŨɼҲԽԽͣرͷգ𲻶ϵĴ˶
Ф˸ŰݵԣФ˵ļūں档
Ȼһ̧ͷȥɵþһСģ
Ҳǳ̧ͷһͷչʮ׵ľ޴£֮ޱȵľ͵˵ͷ
ֻǿŵ㣬ƺǰݣƺФ˵ūֻצҪǴêҪƺФ˵ūȥ
ݼһĻӴﲼȡһħȣźһͼһħ֣ƺһū
ԵФȴһСģ
Фһץס˰ݵֱۣǰ˹ȥ
ݵħȻˣȴҲԶԶƫĿ꣬ɵ֮С
ʱǾ޴ҲѾ˫ء


һҽдǷľצ֮£Ѿһʬ塣
Ф˵ūצȵ˵صףȥףؿҲצֱӻ
ִһ΢ˣ
ڸղžصһ̣ȻʧҲֻһ˲䣬ʱݵ˸ûз֣ٴֳʱоѾһ˳ǹǹڹѧԺϰǹʱʹõģһͷһǹ͸ͷĸ
ʹһУ˫ȶ֮ڿն𣬵ɳףһͷײɽһɽϣ׹˦棬ᣬ㴭Ŵٶˡ
һĻФ˶ʱʹˣͷֿ˿еĳǹֳ˳Լūʬ壬ûȥƵĳǹӺζȻȣūţȻɱ
Ҳû뵽ᷢһĻųһ
ǣǲֱܱɱģūŸɱ˵üرǸ߽Ϊأˣȥץūԣ˵üҲɱͷһЩ˴ūԡ
Ȼ¶⣬ūΪ˾ˣɱͻᱻ
ԣݱ͵Фˣ㷢ʲôû˵Ҫղǻǽͷ­׼ģ
㣬ҵģФ˼һ
ʲôüͷ
ФŷӦԼˣæͣҲǸոǻȡΣûѱӦʶҵģԲ˺֮ˣӦΪ˼ңѡŵ㣬ӹͽūˣǣ㣬ūȻɱ˭ôӵģʹ֪ҪҲɱģһֵôһ𣿰йأһҪ
ФŭĿƣ޲ȥһƸͱ
ˣֲ֪Ϊ˾ңԣôˣ㲻ԸĻȥңƣߣݴ̤ȥ
ƿһФˣ˿Феķŭ΢΢¶һ˿Ц⣬Բ
ФܵһūӣƵıȻ˳âţ׼ƾȥ
ȴ·ڵһ̣ڶԷ𳤽һ̣ȻһǹֱФ˵ʺ
Ф˼ˣһŵûæóȥгǹ

һǹжϣФȴ˼ϲ԰ޱȣڸղţĸоΣա
ҪеѽʥжƵĳǹФ˺ԼѾˡ
ӦФٴŭĿƣūȻɱˣǲˣ
Ѿ߳ȥİݣȴֲò˿ƣô£
ں͵Ϯңͼɱң˫𣬶Фˡ
ФˣҪɱҵūŭˣΪղԼͼħֱƵʱȴФװžԼԼߣˣƺһжФⰲŵģϧԼһūͬھ
㣬ɱҵһūɱôΪ˵üеĵϵӣȨūԺʮū㣬ðūңֱӶˣҪȻԺĶҲ͵ΪֹˣФ˴ʱҲѾʧȥǣԵ÷ǳߺޡ
˵һ飬ҵūΪ˾ҲűƲɱģңɱ֮ǰҲ֪Ҳûи߹ǡԣûκεĴһжҪôģѵҵߣ˵գץסֱۣ̤ȥ


313 ѱ
ȥĶˣ˵Ф˵ĸҧĿֱ֨֨죬ɱƣǵƾղƵһлǹѾƵĸǿȻֻ弶ʿҲ۷Ķʿ
ʹƣҲҪǰݣҪĸɯܵģһţֻǶʿһŵħʦ
ֱݶ˱Ӱʧ֮У˵Ф˲źȻһūұ˵ФˣԱ˵ü壬ʽ㷢սܣ
Ŷʲôʱ򣿡ƻع
һ֮󣡡Ф˾ýʧ̫࣬Ǿ͸һµʱ䣬һ£㹻üˡ
һ̫ҪôڣҪô֮󣡡˵
ꣿФ˳Ƭ̣ɲΪƻܻ꣬ڱԣǱֱӺˣһ꣬ڹǲе㣡
˵꣬ڸоһһЩתȥȴݣͱܵ飬ȻҪǸūһ֮ͬڣꣿб»꣡
Ͷ˾þδŤͷ˿ޱƣˣ
ûʲôʵǿǵ㣬ФѾˣ֪ɱңһĸ׸µҲٵ꣬һɱǣȥɣԽ࣬ľԽ࣬ǼʥǱҪѱģ
Ĭĵ˵ͷ
ͽǰٶҪ࣬;ҲһͷЩƺԱ˵ü˷װʶûǰ
ҹʱ򣬶һɽϢһҹֱ΢ɢȥżǰ·
Խ߼ħ򣬽ű㵽˰˼ħ
ѾǸ߼ħˣҲ࣬չ̽鷽Բ򣬵յĽû⡣
Ȼǰ𣬽žͷײһ
䣡
ȾһƬ𺣡
˶ȥǰɽͷϣͷ໥Ż棬ڿշУϵĹŶԷ
ͷ˼ħڴܣƲ
֮Ҳ໥ģ̣㿴ɽȶͺͺģݲЩħһջٵģħȣרעĶͷħ
ҪѱǣǲأҲûа취ɣʵ
ҷǽսһħսģҪȻᣬܾˣһʤ֮սʱҪ׵Ķ࣡
Ƶ˵ͷ
ĿԴĶͷħսħս򼫹㣬յ棬˴Լʱһͷħ֧֮ززһͷҲǶദ˿ڣѪܡ
ȻƾݵĿвϵķĺͷʱͽע˰ݵϣλδҲһŭ³ʮ׳Ļ
˫׵ľ룬ɿԸоһžͷѾɽͷչ򸩳¡
ˣСһ㣬ҪҪƾһ˵
˵䣬ҲΪԼһħ֣·һмһߵħıʯȻһһ滤ܾͳ˰С
ħˣȸıԭеĹλʹƶٽδħݾѾʹǻꡣ
ݵͷƾֳʮ򣬳ϵ˹ȥ·һٵڵ
ȴܿͬħݱȰԶˣһ췢ǻ꣬գǷԲ׵С򣬳ɰǧħ
ʹˣλѾ˵ħȴҲ޷㿪ħײըա
ţַһħħ͸һķ֮£ħǿֿһ˫չȻϵһٴݳ˹
ȣٴ³һһ޴ӣʮף׼Ļȥ
ȲֻǴŻԪأǿҵķԪأԪ໥ںϵħ½ټȴоˡ
һȥͬХ޴˾Ȼ·ɽʯ׷ըɢ쮷ɣڵһĺۼ·һײһ
䣡
ֱӾ͵˳ȥηڵ棬Ϣš
ǹȥݴ̤ȥԣķһ˻
Ѿϵ˿Ѫע󲿷Ѿջ٣˰ݵս֮ڷˡ
ŴӴﲼȡһҩ裬Уַ֮˿ϣ΢΢Ŀ澫飬ԡ
ԡҲǻϵħʦΨһһָֻϵħЧȻȲ˹ħʦȴʱȶ˿ڣڶ񻯣ϱ˵üĵҩָܿ
һƺԤϣԭؾޣ밲һػ


314 ħ
ˣһ֮ͷѾĲˣ԰ݵҪ֮ȴûͬ⣬ɵΪҲ֪ǳû٣ȫʤʱ򣬾Բݣĺ֮󣬾Ȼڿն𣬷գ
սƲ
ݵ˵ͷȼԽߵԽѱʹѱǩħԼҲףҪܳʱ䣬ֱõϿΪֹ
˵գٴʹǻ꣬
ԵС
Ż浶ȡ
һһ޾ɱ
һΣҪĸӳãݵľѾ˲֧ļ󣬾Ȼûսͷ
ƹţͬȼħޣħʦҪǿһЩȻħʦʹռħͽ£ΪݲҪɱͷ
Ʒס˰ݣȴڶ˵ͷʱʱ³棬ϵš
һĻƾһŭݣѱˣֱӰ򵽣ȻʹȦʵڲУҾȽռеֻħһ£ɵս
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Ƶҩ֧֣ݵսԳȥħٴαը棬˫Ŀȴơ
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ŭ֮£ͷԺ֮еħһԾԾԣͼռ䡣
㶼ˣǾͳɣһħȻԺͷ󣬻һͷչʮ׵Ĳ
ƵĺƵĵطҲкܴĲͬΪƵħһЩɣͷϣ滹дǣһצ
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һĻֻñ˵ðݳԾС¶мҲһ͵
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츳Ƶħ񼶵츳ԴﵽĴڣҲֻǾż۷壬ﵽʥҲֻ
츳͵츳ߵģͬèһʹСèոճ죬ˣҲҪƴܡ
Ҳû뵽Լȼ˵͵ħ飬Ȼͷ˼׳Ƴһϲ
꣡ħѶϢ
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ҵħ飬Ժͻ֪ˣû뵽ȻԳΪȻս԰ܣ
ˣͷǿ˵ݿˣоĲʹһսֱټ㣡
ģҲһԼ֪ħһ壬ȴ벻ԼħԴҪʩչħ
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ҪħУҪļ֮ٶȣܷʮͲˣ
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ǣ鷢ˣոյֻô򵥣Ѿ߼ħ滹һЩ˵üĸ߼Ա
ƵħոأͷԶռٻһˣ˵ıȻһɫգ֮䣬˰ݺƵǰĿ⾪ϲĶƵħ
ѵʥҪôɣʮ־ȡ
Х磿ʶ꣬һЩԾܼԷ
ԷŽĿ˰ϣԭǰãҲѰˣͷ𣿡
ҡҡͷͲġ


315 
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һԣʱɵˣ飬ûͣΪ֪ǲñ֪ܵġ
ȴüͷ͵ħɢ˲ջħ顣
֮һɫĹâƵԺħʧˣɻô£
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磬ͲҪˣղħֻʹħûģֻ˽͡
ħûϻȷղǵâô£Ϊʲô굽ūԺУ
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˵ХĶƣã³һã֪ħܷ񽻸磿
⣿ݳܲ
˵Хˣ֪ݲԸ˵¶˼ֵĲ˫ٲƮƶȥдȻԸˣãǣ
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Ǽǳ˵ղɭĶӣżϵħʦϵﵽżʹħɷУǼмΪɫӵܣսǿ
γɷ˵ҴﵽżҲܷˣǼѱĸ߽ħ
Ͷһ·Уڲ룬ÿʮͻһͷֻҪƵħһԷͶԸƵħΪ
գƾѾշ˰ʮͷ˼ħȵ˾żħ֮ЩħƵħ֮ɲҷ׷Ͷ
ȻԼһϧȴҲ޿κΣõԺȣ͵Ƶˡ
ѱЩħУһЩ峤ĲûǩħԼİȴơ
չȥˣǰڳһɽŨŨɽͷð
ˣǰͷʥħľסأѾħɽˣݽܵ
Ƶ˵ͷշľżħҲʮͷֻƲûнռУǼڸԵĵ̴š
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ܿ˾ͷɽ֮һ˳һ˽ֱ׵ĸ߶ȡ
һ˿նյĶ˵ĳ
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뵽˰¯УȱһּϸߵĻ棬ڵ𣬸ʥ򼶱꣬ż۷ħʦ궼ΪȼԽߣԹԽǿҲûдǸʥԭ
ȵһᣬХ뿪֮ٽȥ˵ţʹð¯˽ȥǽ״̬
ֱʮӣ߿֮еı˵Х뿪
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ӻɽƮޱȣڴ˵أͬڿ¯֮Уʹ֮УɿԸоˮ䣬ɫĻɽң޷㣬ޱȡ
¿ȥɽ֮УһƬҽϵķţҽеһʯ·Ưҽ棬ƬĺҶ΢΢ţҶм䣬һѾȫŵɫɻ⻹һɫ֮߱Ե÷ǳ
ֻоȻһѾм
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ҲǴԵ⾻ɵưһ
ͬʱҲѾǰɽϡ
ȻǿȴȲˡ
ϰͷ˼ʮͷżޱȵ



316 
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˺Ҳҡҡͷѵ챦
ʲô챦뾪
иԣ˵סĻɽ棬һǧſǧǧ죬ӣҲһѣܹþż۷ħʦ߶ʿﵽʥ򾳽磡
ģǴһԣ;࣬˫иͷų˼̰޲ͽǻѳԵȥԼż۷ĶʿͻƵʥ򼶱
ȲǸūȥɽȣ
ˣʥ۷壬ټôǰȥ϶ǵĳ⣬ǻģ˵֮󣬾ͻͻƵмʥ򼶱Щȥˣ𣿡ͷߵĺη
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ȥİˣٶ˿Ȳ߿зеɽڲ࣬࣬һ·档
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ҪȡҪ򣬸Ƥӵ½͵ߡ
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һɫĹâ˾Ϸ¯ڲͷ˼ħޣҲƵĵ֮£¯еһһͬ߶¯
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ͷһϲڤ߼ʷɣգ֮䣬͵˻ɽϷʱﱻУķŭ
֮ڣͷɲȥ͵ϮȻǵĹ˵˶ãȴ谭󷨵ƻ
ڤˣǻˮ֪ĸͷܲܶһͷ
˷ģĴ֮Уˣҳ֮ǰܲЩųٶһ᣿ҲĻս
գڤһ߷ɣ
ڤΣֻΣ֮оۼ³һˮ
еûжĿܣΪʶ̽鲻ܣκȹܸӦȴΪʱ
ϵۼΪӲҽջ٣Ϊʥ۷壬Ӳڤʥһʲôĵˮϵ׶ûƿ
˭˭ҳҲʥɣܸоб³һսԣ׵ֻǵ֮ʱͻᱻһεµɽҲˣɽڸص
ЩԺϰͷ˼Ҳ½û֮ڣƵָ֮£һͬʹôȹ̡
һԣҲ˺ģһҾʶʶҵ
˵ţƾͽħ˳ٵʵ壬ƽ̤ħ֮ϣϵͷųѹ
ɲħȥԿֻǲǶãȻʱͱøӽ


317 ȫץȫ
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ء
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⻰һЩװƣȴҲ˺ܴ
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ôΪ㻹мӵʱ䣬滹߰˸ɵСӵҽûʱȥ

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ڵ߹ͷ­
һЦ־׳һȦֱĴԣ껷ūȦϲĲȵκһӰԵ
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һСС弶ȻôһΰСӡ
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ڷɶ˻ɽ֮ڣػ𣬴߻ڵҩкô
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֣˵Ĺû˴֮ڣǳ֮䣬ȻͽǸ
ţʮͷż³һǿĻ浯һȥ˸ȫ׹䣬·ȫջ٣һճɹͷ¶һɫĿס
⼸һٶͷһ̲˶Ҫ߶ЩܰǸˡ
ܿ죬˸˾ͱըһϢ˰¯ֱ˰˸ͬ
شһлָǷظԵĵ̣ȴÿһͷżʹһ񵤡
ܴܲﵽʥǾͿԼ컯ˣż۷Ӧòʲô⡣
ݣݶҲΪ˽⣬˫ѾϵСǣѾԼ˳׵סˣʵ̫ΰˣղʲô󷨰Ȼʥ׵סˣ
Ժٸ㣬ӽ쿪ʼǵĵˣһҾɽһ󷨣Ҵúõ꣡
ţˣݵ˵ͷ
ֻǶ˸ȥԶȴһˣ˵Х챳˫ٷжɫĶƣһ
ݼˣ֪һЩף˵ХпܷƵܣֻһƾͲХ뿪ˣҲٴʧȥһĵӡ
ѿռɣҿԵʲôûп˵ХƵ˵
ԭװűǫıͱ˫ЦЦĶű˵Х죬ҲĻߣаԼǿɾԹˣ


318 
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磬ܲΪñܣ¶Ϊ֮ɫ֪ƺпܻɱ˱˵Х졣
Х콫ĿڰݵϣãҵȻΪ㱣ܣռҿԲҪϣÿԽħøңΣ
ƺȻЦ
ūţЦʲôХȻóһЩ򵥣Ϊ߹Ĺ壬ȻūЦǾһֳ衣
ˣ˵᲻֪֪֪ҵ£˵䣬ѾЩûȫ۷
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ԴΪΪ֮
һţͳ˾Ÿ޴ļʸٵơ
Ƴ̾һ̧첲һӰ˳ȥŸʸձ飬źӰһ֮䣬˱˵Х죬˵Х׹䣬Ƶǰ
ʱ˵ХŻȻѣԼѾһ߸סˣȴĸԴ֮£ȫѾûа·ѹڣ˿޷ţħ޷ʹ
Ű֪ͨģԭҲɱ㣬ǣԼϧԼƳ̾һ
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ȴ֪еѶȣһͥˣһūΪˣҪɱԽܣͳԷûʲô
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ȣǸǰ⿪ӥߣ¶һ˵ףȴǳĿʣͦɼͷ
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ˣƵĮָԶһſΣ׵ŵϡ
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Ϊһʥǿߣһװ磬ܿǰ˾ԲǶ½ģпĳǿߣλҲһԼ֮ϣˣ衣
ҲΪװԭװǰľսܲ˰ݷ
ԣҲûпֱĮ˵ɣֻܸūȦ
㣿һҪԼλż۷Ե÷ŭ
𼤶ʵ㻹ûеūʸ񣬳ܴﵽʥʱͷҰ¾Ѿ㹻֮ԲɱˣΪҴӦһˣܵɱˣ⣬ҿǱҵİܿΪʥ򣡡
ʥΪˣ
ҪȻΪΪܵеħƵĿɵһƳ˶ԷһۣһӣԶһһž޴ʯ֮ϣҶһɫɻһɫͳ˶˵ǰ


319 ѱ
Ǿ˵˵ɣĸģȻҴⶫѵͲǵȫ壿˵գٴȫͷųעŶԷ
λż۷һԣͻһѾϳǻôͷʥ۷Ϊˣ֪ԼݣԼļҪˣ
Բ˵Լʱ֮գ֮ΪҸմﵽʥ峤˳ңôҲһЩ
㣿Ҫμ壡״󺺺ȻƽﶼǶūĳƺʲôʱֵ˳ƺԼˣ
ʸŲҽμȫūȦ
״գŭ˲ʧɫή֮ɺݺݵĻص㵽˭
ΪȻ֪
Ҫμ壿
ԣ
ΣΪμֻЩ֣½ߴңһϵЩڣһ֪屻ˣһϻΪǱģĿơ
Ŷ˫ֵ֪һмֵϢߴ򵥰Ƭ½ҲֻǰЩ
ǣֻϧûǸˣһὫƳҵĿܣʱȥɱԼˣ˭ܲأңʹǵڻʲôã߸ҲѾΪˣԭҪȫȫ˵ֻϧȴûϧ
˵ţѾ۳һŻ档
ʲôǶΪˣҪȥɱҵˣܣ󺺺Ȼ
ʲôûУμ٣ΪյľǿμŮΪūū
ħȫУͼվɱơ
һжĹԹñˣڱʲôνĹ̬ǿߵֻȭͷĴСûݵĸߵͣƵĿٴα䣬Ҳ֮֡
仰ڣڳ׵Ƿ̱ڵأԽԽĻţȻԸ
գ׳Ȧֱ󺺵Ĵԣסǣ׵ƵС
һ̣ͬŵĶƣȴǿ
סֻţ˲ܻȥҲȫƺݺݵĵŶԷ³һ
գֽήϧɱҲԸΪһ弶ħʦūǣȴμʮ˵һȴòίȫ
һһκε뷨Ӳҵĸ֪úõĵūμ弴ʹи˻ᱻɱҿ㱣֤ǲᱻ壡һŵҩȥú֮ڣ㶨ﵽʥ򾳽磡ӹȥһ񵤡
ֱʱ쳤̾һҲ֪Ѿ޷ٸİˣµҩֱ֮Ӿ
Ƶ֮ʧţʹͬյķ߸żҲȫ
ȻĵͶҪʱȴԳΪеһѿ쵶
ѽûȻȣȴȫ޸Ĵˡ
ôȥˣûǷϣڰ¯еһƬɳĮ֮УĿ񵶵
ڰдʱЦһͺúõɣһ񵤣ΪԽߣҲԽкô˾ʰ㲻٣ʱҵ߾ͻһʥˣ
ƶֶ񵤣ϢԼԺ֣
Ʋ¯ʹ򣬱¯룬Ҳ޷롣
ƵյѾȫԺͱصһˣʹʱߴ廹һЩ࣬ҲǺˡ
ȴ֪ʵҪֻմﵽʥ򣬲뼸࿹
ܿ죬ͬķ˱˵Х죬Һ͹˷
˾һ࣬ʹսףҲܸо΢Ƭ̣һѪ뾻֮УֱӾͽƵѪҺˡ
Ҳ뾻ϵĸӦҪȻôףܷɻ
ʱһһɣΪҲܴﵽż磬񵤵ҩӦûܿﵽڣʥˣ
˾һ࣬ʼϵĽע뾻֮Уһļ尾
Ҳͬ·𶼰
ļȴ޷ƽ
˵üҲݣƸʧˣ˵ХҲˣ߽ǶˣüΪ꣬˵ü˿Ҳᾭķŭ
μһʧô֣ʹüֱѪһ㽫ɯҷɱ˵üǲɯݺμ塣
Ϊŭʧ˴ħʦӥʿ˵ʥ򼶱ҲʧˣȻͱ˵üһż۷ļūħʦͬھˡ
͢ҲƣѧԺҲ֪ȥ
Ȼ˵ȣǱ˵ü˶Ҳ˵ˡ


320 ʥ
ƾһ֮󣬾Ѿﵽ߼ľھϵĴ֮Ѿﵽ˰˼
һ꣬ƴӾȡӣһҩ͸ߵһЩūͣԼҸ֮еŮ
коɻ𣬱ϡ֮ٽһд˺ͼõҩƳĵҩ书Ч񵤡
䣬ȥѾƽ·Ǹĳš
գۣһꡣ
һգ¯˶ԸоһӴѹȻ˷
һ̧ͷȥһͷɫ۵չ𣬶֮УһŲɫ۶ɣÿһ£ռĶ
ţһ໥һ̫
ȻƵħ飬ȴǾ֮Ĳǹ
Ƶ񣬶ѾԶԵˡ
ٿ·Ƶı壬ԪӤѾȫ໥ںϣԪӤǱ֮սףҲɹƵľս໥ںϣﵽмļת֮£ͬһļ
ţһɫƮɶĺɻƬħϡ
ϹŴ˵̫Ϊգȴһۿף˺ϣħΪһ塣
˵ڵħʹսҲѾ߱˱ʹ򲻹磬Ҳû˭˺ˣǱҲѱꡣ
괩ϿףͬԪӤϿףɼףң껹ʱѵ»ΪһĹ
ȡ֮󣬱һֻ̨̨ȴͷų𣬸зеͬ棬ܽȡΪ̨
ʣµľĸӳر󷨣ð¯յĻԪأȫƼھ·ĺʯ֮УΪǾĸĲ൱
ֻҪ㹻ĻԪأǧ֮ٿǼΪѵõȻ棬ңҲ¯ںһ壬ںϣ¯ͺпܴﵽ𣬾ǰ¯顣
ס̨ҲͳµʱƵǰȴһ
ֻһȥӡ
ţĲǹİһ룬ľ֮ڡ
ǹҲڳΪһЦ
ǹͷų˻ĹâͬǴ˵еĻǹ
ֻǾʵ깥ħһģһʹ뿪Ƶı壬Ҳжս
һ뵽һǹȻ죬һЦ
ʵסǹﲻļΪǲ飬ֻǺƵħ顢ǹ֮󣬲ܿΪưԼֱеˡ
ڻ̨µĹȽϴ˴󷨣رǷ󷨣ǿǷ
ƣһ˿һʥ򣬵ȴԿ϶ԼÿһɱͬʥߺһɱмʥҲпܣʹ˸߼ʥҲȫԱǾ⣬ƾ󷨺;Ļ棬߼ʥ⻰˵ҲҪ䡣
μǸ󺺣ҲͻƵ˳ʥ򼶱𣬶ҲĺϢﵽʥļ۷壬൱ʥˣڤҲﵽһ۷壬
ˣľżﵽ˾ż۷壬ݣֻҪΪʥ򣬻ֺܴѶȵġ
еİᣬȴҲﵽʥ򾳽磬ʹ񵤵ԭ򣬼ʹûгƣȴҲΪֻǰȴûгʥϲãֻ֪ҪΪƾԶܷŹġ
ﵽʥ۷壬ֻһͻƵмʥ򾳽硣
ǣƲ׼ٸˡ
գƾĶ·¶ȵ
Ǳ˵üҵǸūֱʱ򣬲֪Ƭռеˣԭơ
ҲѾʥ۷ˣ񵤺ЧɣЦ
ҵģôҲ벻ƻԼҩ¶ɻ
ΪҪ㳼ңΪƿлصʵԼҲܲµûʲôܡ
ȻһССūȻ峼㣬ûǸһ
˫ֽյѵǶʥͬƹģͷųʮɵâǿҵĿѹȣֱơ
ֱֻ̧ۣԼǰ

䣡
飬˿δ
ܣ쳣졣
ȻԸֻýʶɢɿˣҵĵҩɲôóԵģ
ƳХһͷ֮ϣȻһɫĹâħͲǹֱûĴԡ
ڰ¯ռ֮ڣƾƿһУɼҵķ񣬴ɻ𣬼˲ͳĻȼա


321 ˫ͻ
г˫ֱͷɫʹ࣬ɳ֮ϣ
Ƭ֮䣬Ͳٶˣ˫ңû˰
ǹɳһ֣ᦷɳ˽ȥţʬɽѪУϵķɳһƺɫûԺ֮С
ֱŹе۹ͼȻԻ΢Ц̶ʧûԺ
Ƭ֮Ŀ֮оͱɫһƵǰμˣ
΢΢ͷȻΪ𣬲ȴҲﵽ˶۷壬ֻһʲôȥúɣ
ǣˣһţû֮ڣᦵͼϵĴڵλãٴθֳͷ
һĻİ᳹ɵֱۣʱ·źȻףΪʲôƲɱԼˣȻƣ㲻úȻҵĿܣٶһʥޣ
ôΪѵΪһĵ㵤ҩһԼĵˣҶһЩͬ飬ǣҪūϣһλᣬԸԸΪ
ƵĿֱưᡣ
ܺޣĿɱ˵ĻѾɱǧٱˡ
Ҫ֮ǰƽɱˣʲôһ֮ȴͬﵽʥΪȻµϣϣȴƵ
ãǷĿήƵǰˣ
ƼˣЦ׳һȦˣô𣿳ɣ
Ƶ˰¯֮ڣʥħʦƵСܡ
ţμǸҲʱ䣬ҲڴӾż۷壬ʥ򾳽磬Ϊδ
Ƽǣͷż۷Ҳȫﵽʥ򼶱ټ൱ĸʥħޡ
ټԼԼڤߣһ͵ӵ˾Ÿʥ򣬷½Ҳ֮ܵĳΪһ
ʣµЩİ˼ż֣ʱѾ׷׽˾ż۷壬ܴܲﵽʥֻܿÿ˵ˣϾҲÿ˶ܴﵽʥ򼶱ġ
¾ż֣ϱշ߸μˣų֮⣬һʮλ˼ҲʮλжǱշˡ
Щ˶ټһĸʥҲ˽ôҶ໥ļ棬Ҳû졣
ȻЩ˷׷׳Ծ֮ʥۼһѾᷢʲôˣߴ͹͢Ȼʮ𾪡
˷׷ɢȥ֮ƶ˰ݡ
ż۷壬ֻͬһ߾ܴﵽʥ򼶱
üͷƵݣҪﵽʥ򣬳Ϊҵһİ֣ڼлøĻȨȥ˵üһѣ
ɫħʦ۵İݣһЩɻĵ˵ͷҲ룬ǡ
һΪʥ򣬵ǣҲǿ㣡
ģ˿˵ҪôݶһӦģݺǼ
Ҳ֪һ½ΣһУһֿԲκҩ;ķ˫ޣ
˫ޣݲԡ
˵ҪŮϣзȴֲǷޣĿֻΪΪ׳Ƶ£Ƶɫʮ
ˣĪһ죬ͷظ΢΢˵ͷȻƿеĵʲô˼ȴҲԼ⣬Ǿˣ໥ҪӶһ໥ŶԷֻһҪ
ͬˣ
ٴεͷ̧֮Ŀ⣺ˣݵһж˵ģ֪˵ӣԸ˵ǸǸ£
ĿԣƷְݵĿȴδ˵ʲôݾȻǰƵסˣˣݣݲ֪ʲôʱѾϲˣԸΪһУֻˣ
һԣ֪ݻû׵µ˼²ǷޣҲˣ˵ˣǶԷ¯
һ룬ʲôأ˵ĽϣðݸԼԼԺļƻҲкܴİһҲ뿪ˣȻҪһֱԼ¶һˣΪβһһˮ֣֮
̧֮ḧŰݵĽɫ˿ܵĿռ佥ͷȥ˽ĺ촽
Ƶһֻȴûţľ͸ݵħʦӣ˽ȥһỬĸоԣƵַѩϵʱ򣬾Ȼ޷ȫĸסݵ˲һз
ȴо˰ݵΰû뵽ƽʱʵİݣȻĹģеԣѩ𲻶ϵб仯״
һᣬݾѾȫ̱ƵĻУ˫ɬβϵĲƽ⿪·¶ֻʴСãԼ͸ˡ


322 Ůʥ
һ߽⿪ݵҲͨݴȥ˫֮
½еĹŮӣƤҪ½ŮӵƤҪףرħʦִƵĸо
ƽݵ·ȫ⿪֮ƵҲ֣֮û밲˫ޣָӰݵĺ촽ƣĴŰݵļͷ·һƷ
ǰԲѩ΢΢ƽС쳣˫ȸ޳еԣȸԵøԲ
ĴζϵĴƵıǿףָջأĴѩϵһ㣬ݵٴһȻ۾ȥƣҲһЩ٣һѧϰڸĹ
ڰѾƵҩ̺˲ٶƹƣֶӦúڵֻ࣬Ķʿ޷ڡ
Ƶ·Ҳ𽥼٣ƷڰݵĶʵ㻹ǴӰɣ
ţݵӻǸɾģһˣ˵䣬ոӺΡ
Ҳ˼Ϊһζ㶼кôסһй˵䣬Ѿ˰ݵĺ촽̶ƣḧѩ
ŰĶ飬ҲѾԽԽԽԽ٣ζҪȴǲֱҲ޷ԿصʱƲƱڶ롭
һĨ̺ŰԴʹɫһ֣ͬȴˮ
ƼһĻŷ֣ƺԼ飬вɵøҲ֮밲ݵںһ
ⲻǼ򵥵лŮݣΪݣȴֿ໥ΪΪԷȥĸ
ﵽʥ֮ƲŷֻԼⱾ˫񹦣ԭãԽ˫ĸ򣬰ʥ򼶱ķ򣬶ܴݸ˫
ͨҪȶݵĶࡣ
еĻʵھҲ˰ɣǻڶϲһͷϲ
ϲĲԼǰݣԼߵļŮʱԣͼŮ˫ޣΪĲǺܴ󣬵һŮﵽʥǿɾͲͬˣΪϾ˲ͬȻҲͬݣԴʹ˫ķԷĸ
ңֻҪŮܵõĺôΪҲˡ
ƻҲ֣ҪΪҪôҸŮ˫ޣõĸҪôΪԼߵģҪעˣԼĺôŸ󣬱ϾΪԽߣŻࡣ
ǧġ˹˫շתãһ󼱲лֹͣȴ໥ӵ롣
һ̣ݲŮŮ˵ת䣬ƺǰеĻԶѾʧƵĻͬճ˵Сèһ㡣
һЦ̧ǷĴһ£ʹðһ
㾲ޣ뿪ҸоѾʼʥˣֱݵ·ݸ
ţݵ˵ͷʼƵİ£·
ֻڼʱƵĴҲڲӿ֮ϣ񫣬ڰݵĽԸ֮£ȥ

һ̣ƾͳҸ֮棬ȴˣΪĸӦ֮УȻҲʥϢ
ϢƸһϲŮȻﵽʥ򣬲ңŮҲﵽ˾ż۷塣
⣿Ҳֲ̫˰ɣưһĵ˼Ůߡ
ͷǶԺл԰ޣһ
ŮΧһԲУȻһ٣·С磬ֻûǰֱģȴֲҪκε֧ܣܾȻһ֮ţȻʮףȴɿᵽƢζζǣֱ꣬ƺҲԵøӹԶ
ʲôûоѼŮע٣ǳ֣Լ֮䣬·һѪĸоȻָо΢ȴɷ֣Լľ׵Ľ֮У·Լ١
ȻһڱĿķͷ֮ϣγһУ޴Ĺ˷̵ͷԼʮ֮ٶȿʼȴڷ̵ͷϿգγһɫ
۶ƼȻ뵽ǰɵľһ۶ô͵ڼˡ
Ȼֻһ仨ȴ˾˼ᶨһ
û뵽磬ҲγۣͬʥԭĿʼɵľ磬൱ں壬֮󣬱Ƕɽˣ֮󣬱Ǻɣﵽ˶ɽڣɽһˡ
ͬѡѡɣǵɣ
δƵ𾪹ȥǱͷҲγһУƬ֮ͬһɫ̬֡
˷ܣȴż֡
һֱȵ̺ͷͬʱʧֳ֮Ρ
һ֣Ůͷ׷˫û˿ľȣһȻĸоͬ๫
̫ˣȻﵽʥ򣡡
Ů׷ƵĻУָƵǰȦȦ๫ݲǳȥأ
ţÿһףÿһѣټǵΪ½Ѿûʲô˿˺ǵˣ˷ܵͬʱ׺ͳ׷׵ÿһŮӵǰ


323 
ŮЩ׷׵Ѫڡ
ƴﵽʥŮûһ˸е⣬ʥǲŲ
ɴˣҲһ񺮣һûдﵽʥǶ˶ˣ᲻ᱻŮ
һЩСǣΪôŮʵ
ѾŮˣټǵ񵤺ӦöѾﵽ˰˼˰ɣ֮ڣﵽʥ򲢲ѣص
Ƶ˵ͷûио⣬˵˺ܴ󣬿Ϊߣȴֻһȼӷڵڡ
񵤻Ǿõĵҩɵ֮УټЩŮӱǧѡ츳쳣Ϊʱ߰˸СȼûдﵽǷˡ
ǰϹʱڣһɵһ޸ƽֱƽطϣﵽ֮൱ڴ޽ɵĲ塣
ŮϾŮ󷨣ټս׺͵ʮɱʥ׶٣Ƶ˵ͷ
ȻͷһϲΪڸӦ֮Уޡ۽ޣǸӰèĴϹ޵ĺȻҲڵҩͱѪͳ֮£ﵽʥ
ӡڴϣ˶ﵽ˾ż۷壬ʣµҲﵽ˰˼ϡ
๫ҷͷųϢΪкôҲ֪ʲô͵˼
ʯͷõģǶﵽʥˣǾҲɣȫﵽʥ򣡡
๫ģǼҲôŵģ
ڸҳȥȥ͸͸磡
һ֣Ůͬʱ뿪Ҹ֮ң硣
⣿Ƕ½𣿡ڼŮﵽʥȻоĿռѹеǿܿѾӦˡ
ɭ֣Ҳ˼ūͺһЩħޣҲǵ
ܿ죬¯еҲ½֣ݡᡢδѾɴͷʥڤߣŸʥҲ½ɳ
һֶ˼λڷƮƮŮŮӣ𾪵ױȡ
رǰݣֱʱŷԭôŮӣرǼŮǳʣʥħʦе㷢ĵĳˡ
ȫʥ򣿡ͷԾȣͬҲΪԼΪңȻǻֻһˣΪƸ̫ϧ
һƬ򣬾ѾʮʥˣҪ֪ͷʥħûгֻ֪ж𾪡
ᣬȷعǱ˵ü壡ƿ˰˵
ἱæҪЩʲô
ҺͰҲܿȥʱһȽūԼðݼ޸ңһҵĹݾͻȷҪڱ˵ü֧ң˵
˷ģū֪ôһ֮ȷȥ
δ߸£Ҳȥɣ⣬Ǽ³Ҳҵˣȥ֮󣬿ཻγԼҪʱҵָӣƿ˴δͬʱ֣ʣµ߸ż۷μԱ
ˣδˡ
ֿᦴ
ˣ
㽫ᦴϣƽᦵݸ˴ļ㶼Уȥ֮󣬾ܵĶһЩϺõļūȺҵһ
ˣ뿪ˡ
Ѿ൱ڹˣֻռʳ꣬Ѿȫ뿪ᦶˡ
ȥзžصӡ
ڻ᲻еɣ˶ҵܺõĽڣʥ򼶱ûĸҵ
ѾԼһļƻֻҪ½վȽţҪеĹ塣
ȻǲܿƵģȴü󳬼壬һͬԿΪǿĵˡ
ݼ˶ˣֻʣڤߺĴͷʼͻͻֱ
ȻŮҲע⵽˰ʥֳ˳ƣ䲻ĵһֻۣǸȥ밲˵˵ݣȻصǣǾȼװ飬ʱǿڹǣһլԺ뿪˵òҪ㣬ڹ֮УҵĿĲֻǶ½ΪδǣṩһϷݣɶ
ˣһ˵İţӵĻص
ѽôаǰɣ๫๫㣬͸ǣúõĴ̼ݺƷǳĺ£е㿴ȥˡ
ңݳñƯ˵ĹɣŮҲ֪ƵѾ޷ı䣬ǾֻĬϣĬ֮󣬱һˡ
˷̵Ļ֮󣬰ݻæ˫ȣŮһ񣺡ݲңݼλŮˣ
ݻ̬Լı飬Ůɻ
˰ݣǰǾǺýã֪𣿡
ֿ˿Ůȵ˹ǣҲҪ밲ݵݵõϿɣ˹֮ٳϣңȻߵʥȽ϶࣬ǣˣҲɵ½ԿΪһпܻᾪĸ֣෴ǲŸչڰսеˣ
ƴ˷뷨ȫǲķԼʵмԿƣҪȹսЧһùԼΪжϵǽֱȻעʧܡ


324 в
̬Ůĵ˵ͷȴҲƺˣóˡ
ˣȥ֪ԼݲģţһĵõƵϿɣʹϿɣֻҪһѾ㹻
ȻǣһǸʥϣǼҪҸ֮ˣЦ
Сģ˵ͷŮһ̤ͬŹϼҸ֮ҡ
ݿ˿ƵһԺεķһЩССΣǲԺ˴ҽҸ֮ңҲ˵Ůأ
ֻͷʥ밲ÿ˳һͷǷȥ
ʱɿ죬ʥǵʱ򣬼˶ͷһ׷ͷ죬֮ͷٵǳĸۡǰ
ҲǱ˵üĸ峤˵ղɭ
͸оʥͷոأ˵ղɭѾ첽˸ۡȴܿסˡ
ΪͷʥϣȻվˣһʧѾõˡ
ʲô£Ȼѱʥ˵ˣеļλʥϣûѱʥı¡˵ղɭ˷׷װ
ʥϢȻҲͬȼˣ˵üһλʥ׵ĳϼٵķɳڵԺ䣬Ʈ˱˵ղɭԡ
˵ղɭˣͷһæ˵μϣ
밲ݶѾֻ΢΢򿪿˵ݣ޳ϣ󲮣
˵öһͷͨϺɫսۣݣȴǳĿ࣬˫ƣһֺ޷ĸоϲĶŰãֺǲĿƣգĿͷʥħϡ
ã޲ŵ˵ͷЦû뵽û뵽һȻﵽʥ򾳽磬Ȼֻǳʥ򣬿ѱͷʵǲ򵥣óǻɽˣ
ȤĿŰͷ
ʥ򾳽磬ɫһ㶼ı䣬Խ죬֤ȼԽߡ
ŰݣΪݵһͷµСոտʼɫɫת䡣
ƺʶⶫޣ߰İͷ­ԣ飬ܣֻǿţԼֵܣ͸͸
ôܳ޶ǳĸˣݣǸȫϵȵļūɣһߴЦһߴƣȴЩʼɣΪֵܣݸһūеġ
ǵģǰ˵䣬ҲƣֱסƵĸ첲˵Ĳ죬ңҲҵɷ򣡡
ţһ㶣¶˲ɫūԶֻǼūʹﵽʥ򣬴һеŮӼ޸ˣǰݵȴһ
˵ղɭҲ⣬Ķơ
˵ѣСѾƣԣôǿҵˣ
ҲŭޣҸ˵ʵҪǿֵܵķϣǲܳɽģܳΪСҵҪݲ޸ƣҾͻȫȣӴԺ˵ü޹ϸ𣬹ԼҲ˽
޵һԣжͻȻһ׷׽ŵĶʥнףųǵĸֲ˵½Ҳǰǹ͢ĺ̶Ҫ֡
ԣ޻æЦҿ֮õģֻǣūڵʵ̫ͣҪȥǽݸһ£ģӦòѣ̶̵ʱ䣬Ȼʹﵽʥˣû˭Ҳأȷ飬ôˣݣͷİɣ
գЦȻĻã˵üǲģûһ壬Ǳ˵üʿҲͿԽɢˡ
Ͱݵ֧֣ʹƲ˵ҲѾû˸СˣңƵҲһֱţʥ򼶱ѹȴ
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ɯҲͬһʹޣɺ޵ǸūȻҲﵽʥ򣬻ǸѾͷҲﵽʥ򣡡
ʲô˵һ㣡ݷ˴һ
磬ɩӣǻǵõǸżūǰǳصģǶ˶ﵽʥ򣬲ҲѾȥǼūūѾȥλˣҲѾŵֻҪƿõλ͵оὫݼ޸ǸūɯĻص
ĿɿڴԭΪδﵽʥԼж߸ż۷ĸֶ˷ܣȴˮͷһ㡣
˵üһζʥ⻹˵ãһԾΪߴеϴˣά嶼Ȳ˱˵üˡ
磿ѵͲ뽫ǼūͰݸɱˣɯʵ
üĿһҵǺɱǣʥôɱģ˵ʥˣμ弴ʹøδҲֻʥѣ
ҲǸūóѣλͨͨţԲǸūΪоɯĿк˸
˻شȻ̤һˣ˵ɯ鲻ף
˿ȥδ
֣ɯɫһϲ֪Լʧ֮ҲﵽʥԼҲڶһ̡
ֻ֪δֻƵū֮һ
ɯҪɱʥ򣬼ǲܵ飬ʹɱˣҲḶܴĴۣӵоλμкôҿ϶ǲĳΪ˵üļū㲻λڽƵ˵üĻУ˱˵üκǺܲģδ˵
˺ͬĵ˵ͷ
ԣ飬ǲܷԣҪ֧֣δٴһ
ɯüͷ̶ĳһ˵ĲϾǸūͰݶѾʥ򾳽磬ͷҲѱġ
ô˵ֻҪƺͰ뿪˵ü壬ͷҲ뿪˵ü壿һϲ
ɯ˵ͷ
ãֻҪܽ˵üɢôƾϣȫԽһһƣ˵ӥʿҲѾˣûΪƺ־࣬ȫһһͬԸ˵ü壡
磬ʱȷһŰɣȹ۲һʱ䣬ƶԱ˵ü̬ȣ
ˣҵһע⣬ԺҾͰеȥɱǸūʹɱҲٶԱ˵üкøУÿԽ֣Ը˵ü壡˵Ф˵
һ仰Ǻܳ˵Ԥϣ˵ôĿиһĨɱû˷֡
ȴϿɵĵ˵ͷֻҪǱ˵һ˵üƵìܣټμ֧֣Фܼ̳б˵ü峤֮λˣ
лл˾ˣФ˻æһ
ȥһƵô˳һδ˵
˵˵ͷ
δתȥ
ܿһλܼҳ˽˹кȻʱΪһ֮󣡡
ʲô
˶Ǵһ

֮ϣѾƵֻĽ˫糺죬˾Ͳһڳ˫ˡ
İ칫¥ܿ͵ˣҲͳһλ˵ĵطʽܷ⣬ڹС
·һͬ˳ָһ̬̤֮ͬ롣
λ˵ĴҲȼˣλװʿԼӵĽ졣
ֻҲŪ˭λ˭Ǹࡣ
ͬԷҲעΪƵĴڲֻͬһƽ磬ͥĳԱǣˣȻǹ壬ȴǹͥҲǳĻ
ԣɻͬʱҲ¶ӣֻǰƵݵĸࡣ
мȴʶݣƵĸ첲׷üͷ
һʿװʿ󽣵ĿӴӰλķ߳Լ֮ɫ˲·һŵŰݡ
һˣüĿæ
ݣôˣƽǣ˿ǿ̷ŭ˰ݵǰĿȴĶơ
δɷƣƣλʥʿ¼˹ֱ˹˽һ


331 Ǯ
ʿӥʿʥʿǹ͢ҪʥʿΪġ
˹ҲΪλ֮¶
Կ˹ŵǿɫʯľλ֤飬ͱŮͼ
һѾǶˣֻҪպһӣڹý̵ܺĲ⣬ʽЧˡ
˹˰ݵĻ֮󣬸ģæǰȥҪ˫ȥץݵļ򣬿ǰݵֻ΢΢һ㽫˹˻ȥ
˹ʱһ㶣ݣ㣿ôˣ
˹ԲѾаˣϣܷһЩɫĻص
ˣѵƽ񣿡˹˫ŭơ
ңƵҲûе͵ıҪˣĻص
ʲôˣʲôʸϰݣ˹ûж֣ŭ
ͬʱ⼸ʿװҲ˹׷ŭơ
ʸӾʸ𣿡ƿ˿˹ľλ֤飡
Ȼûʸ̳вǣȴƾԼŬõ˸׵Ƽͺ½ϿɣȡӾľλһƽʲôʸӣˣץ
һļʿͳơ
δȴƵǰŭ˹˹Ҿ㣬Ҫ񣡡
˹סˣȴӶʹޣݣʧ⼸֪֪꣬ж㣿˵ȥˣŷĲ٣ΪԺȢ㣬ҳ˹һʿѾʿˣһжΪ㣬֪𣿡
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Щ֮󣬰ֻ˹ѧԲˣҴûϲ㣬Ը⣬Ժǻѣ
ݡ˹һȦʪ󣬼̶ŭƣƽҪս֮ս
ȴһ㲻䣡
³ʥѹɢ˳ȥ˹
˹ֻоǰ·Ȼһ쫷磬һϢˣ𾪵Ķơ
ֻһżʿʥȲĲһ㡣
ʥ򣿡е˵ȶʿһ
ʱ򣬰Ҳƴ򿪡
Ҳʥ򣿡ֻо۾ǲǿˣͷôʥôˣ
˵Ŀ⣬˴̤ȥԶÿһ·ǼʿҲһŵĶŶˡ
ʱ򣬴Ӱλķ߳һˣʥɲСƺͰݱ΢Ц˸ӭ˽ȥ
̻Ի͵ĴϷŵŰ˸ˣ͢һλ˾άϯλĴԡ
ֻǣμĴȻδ
д˶ڣټϱ˵ü塢ݵ˵ðأ߼Ҿұضվһߵˡ
Ǽ˾̬ȣҲƳԾƺΪ飬ǽƵ͢͡
ֻ˵λ֮󣬵ܷ֮ʱһ̺λ̺ú̸
ĸȻҲǽħѧԺԺƷ룬Ƴʱ䣬ѧԺһˡ
ȻҲǺܺõӦ
ֻǣʼλʱȴͬʱˣΪӾ
ӾǿһڵĽң߼ū㹻һˣһӴľš
һǰūƽôĽң
˷׷׿˱˵üĴ˵ðҲǳĳԾ˵ҪһڽҰǿǮ˵ü峤һóôҡ
ͨ˹̻ħˢһڵĽ֮˹ǰһȻҲκεķԡ
ˣ͵ڶˣ˶Ľңλǳ˳ϮӾ
֤鶼ǵ䷢ͺ̵ǩӡҲǰŪõģɽɫʯ죬ΣƴСзαħͼǾλƣһɫɴ¶ԲͦصĹŮͼдĹԿһʥ뾫֮ʯ澹ȻֳƵĻ񣬷ǳء
͢Ĳ֮նʮ֮
ȻûйҲҪɺ½ԼӷϿɣֻڹעᱸˣλڹǵ򣬵õ㷺ϿɣҲͨõġ
ΪʲôͻȻӵôңЩȻɻֻҲܸ֪ԷԼĽԴ
Ȼ˹̻˿϶ܲһ㣬Ԥϣ˹̻Ҳйصģ̫͸¶
˹̻µõլԺַ֮ƾʹŰֱ뿪
⣬˹ûȥڼʿ£ŭ߰Ķƣ˵˱Ӿ񣿡
գȴһЦеľλ֤ȡ˳
˹һĻʱɵۣȴһתȥǴɱĿвѿ飬һôĽ


332 Ӿۡ
˹ȷʵûнϣΪƸûа˹ˣУǳС
Ŀڸ߸ԶĵطǺ硣
밲һóլԺʻȥ
ƿ˿еӾ֤飺ݣһܺӾļ۸ȣǼֵһڣ㣬ֵ٣
򲮾𣿡ݷʡ
Ƶͷ
򲻵ģ˵ֻǲ򵽣ߴ棬Ĺģÿ궼Ҫȥһٿ飬ƽʱÿҲҪ˰
Ŷôһ£֮ǰȷʵûʹЩ飬ԭΪ½Ӧڶĵط
½λߵάɣҲֻǺ滹дأ൱ڹ֮ϻдۣ˵Ƕ½󹫹Ͻǲã۵һǳҪĴ󳼣Ǵ½Ҫȶ½򱶵ģֻ൱ڿεˣÿ궼ҪǴ½һūһ˰ա
㸸׼Ǹ󹫣ľλģ
Ӧǣֻݣߴжд󹫴Ĳ൱еӾ֤飬ֻ֤飬ӵ߷͹Ӧһ˵࣡
ŶάɵУеȼߵˣŷֶ½ô򵥣
ݵ˵ͷ˵Ӧˣ˼ǳӦþмߴ壬϶һĹϵڴﵽʥ֮󣬾ȥȥˣûôĸ֣ߴʵҲڱô򵥣
ԭƶϣӦþǸ߼ˣãӦӵипͬ൱еĵ˵
֪жٴۣٴηʡ
ҡҡͷȥһǺܲףڽ͢ĿУÿŻῪһΣÿ˶ҪǧĽңҲ᲻ǰǣ˵кܶ࣬һЩˣӵ񶼲£
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ݵĺԽԽ٣ڷԼԽԽûеֿ˫֣·ħһ㣬΢ĴѾȫˡ
ݣ֪Ǹūۣʵ
졭ۣѧԺͼϴĹżһЩأǶ½ˣǣͳǴƬ۷ʱڣǵĵһۣ۳Ľ£ɱˣҲ֪ΪΣǱ˸ɱˣ¸Ҳնɱŵ˶ڣݽҲģģ
ڣưԾû׷ȥ˵ǸҲǸǰżԼԺ·ҪԼķߡ
ܿ쵽˸ۡƺͰ˫˫³ſھȻԲūڴɨͮͮĴ沢ûκεңժȥˡ
ūһƺͰˣѯʣƾͽȡ˳ʵΪ
ūһԼδˣæڵأˣ
ɣƵһ
ͨ˵ĽܣƲףԭ˹̻ģֻūǶʮ߼ū֮⣬ʮŮū
˹̻ո͹ġ
˹̻ᣬ;ӪūһƲû⣬ȻҲɵЩȫΡ
ʮȫۼһ֮ҴһΪ͵ҲǶʿ˹̻ҲģĶūرʮŮūǧѡһ㡣
ӴԺǾҵūڣǵ꣡ƿһ
Щ˲ô£ƵĻˣ½׳ʮȦǣЩûһԵġ
ͨЩ˵䣬Ƶ֪˹̻Ტûκεֽţʮūõܺõѵֹū͵ҲϵͳѧϰлвʶĶֵġ
˹̻ҽˣ΢Цһ⼸ʮȥˡ
˹Ǯ֮⣬Ҳ˹̻ӽ
ȻԺЩҲҪʮ˶˵ʲôҸ֮лǧ˳ˣȫֲƬʳ
ȥūݣӵԼӾλƾͻָ˱ɽƣֱۡȡΪӾ
һӵ˾λʽĳΪеĹһԱ˾Ͳǰ˵ˣڵ治ܣ¶ԷǲС
ŰĴһۡССķǧ䣬˼סĵطһȦȦĻ巿ݣһоȦҪԱĻǧס
԰䳡һӦȫ
ȻļҾװʲôģҲȽϽȫһЩҪõģƾ߼ūɹһ߼ŮħʦūھˣңҸǼռ䲼вɹһճƷԼĸֽ
֮ƱԺнҸ֮Ҹ֮ҿںһ𣬵ӱĽûκֻ̤뷿䣬ܸоĲͬ


333 С
֪׳ƵҪԡ
һᣬ߳
Ѿϰٸ˼żĹƵǰȵμˣ
Ƶ˵ͷЩ˲ԼһԺѾ⡣
ʣµǧˣƳҲὫһһгԼӾӣǰǱҪȦ
Щɶ֪ܵˣƲƵɣԼŬɼҵȴԲǵĳ
ҪԼӾΪһܲ͸Ͱκʶ
Щ˵ͷȻǸĴ¬⼸Ƶɵҩ֮£Ѿﵽ˾ż۷Ķʿ磬СԺÿԼеĹܼҡ
¬Ӿ֮ƴŰݾһ̤ͬҸ֮ҡ
Ҳǰݵһνͱˣޱߵεգһ޼ʵĴԭɢɢסһЩ䡣
Щ䣬Щˡ
ЩУһƬӴĹ͢
գƴŰһţ˹͢
ŮѾоƵ׷ڿնΧ£Ƶߣֳ˳ݣ˵ݱݼŮˣ
Ůһʱ͵һۣסݵ֣΢ЦԺŮˣǽͿˣ
ȴҡҡͷ˵ķˣֻ˵ūԣӦǰݵŮˣ
Ƶıûʲô仯Ů˵ʮ֮һõ͢ʽ⣬ʱһӭȢΪҵӣǿɲҪԴף
Ů֪Ϊ㣬ҲѾƵŮˣȻûٶ˵ʲô
ֻǷȴڱƵĸ첲Ƿǽϣ๫ʲôʱӭȢҺأ
šһ·ǹ⻬գ׷̿еӭȢʲô˼Ǿͬ
֮ǰƴڷƿ֮˫ޣڷѾﵽʥҲͲּƻˣԣһӾͰѷ̸˻У˫ȴǻֵظ󣬿Ц๫Ͱˣ
һ˵˺ΣɬĵͷȥҲڲϵŤŤ˫ȭȴûκεķ
̣ôˣƽʱ쳳ҲҪ๫ͬ𣿡šס˷̵Ķ䡣
ȡЦңŭ뿪ƵĻӵ
ִƬ̣ע⵽˵ŮĻ԰Ѿ˲ˣѩҶǧħŮӡѪɷϡϡ˶׷ˣȵˡ
ЩˣɶΪϸߵģҲƵһˡ
Ժ䣬ѾΪ͵üΪ뵣·ռеۼһ㡣
ƸϵȵǣԭֻƷҸ֮ңѾﵽƷļĿռҲøӹ;ոĹܣȫһС磬һ趼Ը㡣
ȻҪҸ֮ÿʱÿ̶ҪոС
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һŪ׵ģһϢԺҶԳȥˣƿŮЦ
ѽŮһ󻶺
Ƶ˵ͷŮһ̤ͬҸ֮ңԺ֮С
ŮɢӾ
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Ƹмĵ˵ͷҾϢɣȥѡһ䣡
Ůţ¶ϲɫ׷Ʈɶȥ̵˫أȴһѽ˻УЦķ
£ȴֽͷƵĻУٶˡ
ţ͸оԼ˫ˣƱһķ֮С
Ƶ֣Ṵ̵Բ°ʱŴ󵨵̧ͷƣɬ飬ȴʼļء
§˿ĽգƵԺУȴڲϵ˴మһĻĻ
̶˫һͷڷںڵĳ֮УƷǵķ㣬һִе㣬ƣδ͸顣
̷ƵĻУ۽ȴѾʪ󣺡๫㻳̸оҸ
ǴӯӯҲ̲ס̵㴽
˫ҲĽ·⿪׹䣬¶˳տİ
˿£ƶԲֻСãİǽֱһ̣黺Ķ¡


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޳Բ󣬼ѩ㾧Өκһ覴á
ʵѩ룬Ȼͦ֬ƣԲ֮ϣɫѩӳ֮£˸˵Ĺ
ӯһգȴǳ޳˫΢΢պϣƾܻӭ߻Թ˻ǡ
ѾһЩĿѣˣȫѪӾ٣Ҳȥͽ̱˸ƤĽӴһۻ·ոԡһ㣬в㣬޲ýе˶Լ
̽Ǻ죬Ѿʼ𣬽ƵĻֹסĲš
ٴһƵϣƽѹ˷̵ϣһǼγѪ֭Ĵ֮ãŻƶ͸ǹգ˾ӨĶϡ
š๫Ѿ޷ѵĺһ˫ָǽرסƵı
ȴһƶľã˷ġѩɽ¡ʱӽͦɽʱȻ£ϵƷѩζһֻѾסһѩɽʱӴɽʱֺȻȥ
ֻоԼӣѾԼ๫ֺʹȫĿһ㣬ĸֺʹ΢΢衣
Ƭ֮ȫɽϣ΢΢ѹӲϵǽϵ㣬һ飬̶ɽ֮䣬˫ȴסѩ΢΢Ｗһ£ʹնУ˫ҲԽѩεĸ
̵ĺҲԽǿң˫ֱƵͷָƵͷ֮УһͦѩɽһƵͷ°ţõĸоǿһЩ
Ѿ޷ԿԼˣȫƾܵķӦԽԽ޳ȣϵֱš
ֱƵ·ӴɽȪѾԶӭϣȻȻ룬ȻоȽϽ٣;ֱԴʹջǺ϶ΪһΪһ塣
ֱʵʵĸоҲԽ
ɻ˹շתϣﾹ֮
˵ҲѾںϣ˫ڶڻתڸ֮УΪҲš
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һϯɫ³ȹƵĸ첲ԺС·ƵĻУϵĥ䡣
żŮ;һȣ̵òˣֱϵŮΪ׹˼䣿
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ЦŷɢһᲽ֮󣬾ͷŮסԺ䡣
ʱŮѾû뵽ǣһľȻֻڿ֮󣬺Ȼɬ˳ȥ
һЦỵ̂һͬץסҲ˻УǺ촽һ£´ξ͸๫ඣ
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ŶƷſŮŮ͵ǰӵУ΢΢˵ͷݣȥɣ֪ˣ
һ飬ͷʥԳ˵Ѿ¬ܼҰںԺħʯˣ
Ƶ˵ͷŹ¡
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ŮͬʱͷĿƺͰڿԶȥ
ѧԺǰȻ䣬ٶ֮죬Ȼûмܷ֡
˿³۵ƣڰݵ£ʥϢһ̤ͬѧԺ
ѹ·û˿仯УȻ˵ĹעϳƵȴࡣ
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ɲ֪Ѿﵽʥֻ֪ʧѾõļūٴγˣż߼ļūΧ£жٺһūȻ˿ΣǸͬУѵͲɱͷҾ͵ش


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ūһĻʱʹԭأһ̣ƶ־ͽλ֤˳ȥת·۾һūľ̶ַ˵˹ϡ
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ūȫˤѪֱٿԴҲѾҵѪһԽѣɳףˤ档
λ֤·ƵС
Űݣƴ̤˲ǰЦ֪·ˣһӾǺ
ûпƶʲôһԳӾĵкµͬʱȴţҧгݵŭȣܣ㲻Ӿ
ƽӾ֤ǰΪ٣ڼʹɱ㣬ҲܵκεĴ
˹ˣɵۣ𾪵İ˵
ֱָ֤һͨĴָһ̤ȥ
˼һĻٴξرǰ̨ϿƵѧиǽ³ܣԲܣ
ֻû߶ԶһԽµˣǰ̨ϣһżħʦʹþ͵ϮԼ꣬ˣʱ֮⣬жԼѹ˵ľƺֻһܴﵽʥ
Ȼڶ½кܶ࣬һЩһҲ޷һС
˦Ŀ⿴ȥƾͷųһɱħ˲һţͳ˶Էǰ֮£ڶԷĲ֮Уͽ
Ʋûз깥ħֻҪȻԪأʵ壬һκεֱԷչսġ
һ֣ǸʦͱȷɵƵǰħҲ֮ʧ
ǺˣƽضŶԷһʮˣ΢ԵһЩСǷǳһͷ𷢡
˱ȻͻȻȻǱȴǳƽǿĲĿĶľ֪ǰͻȻץҹΪιʣ
ߴ֮һĿļ壿üͷͷһ뿭ļ򽻵˵ûʲôȥɣ
ŰݣӴ˵߹ֱѧԺĺɽȥ
ֱȥãĶľŲȥ˶ͷ亹ҲǼΪ֪Լþ͵Ϯ飬ܿͷʱôˣƵΪֻļʿܲԼ
ЦﵽʥΣ˶õģ
ֻǿĶľ֪ƣҲѾɱ֮ˣڸղţѾӡ
ƲûȥԺ칫ңǾֱ򵱳ԼסԺȥǰ沢û˾סֳ˳ڣ̽һ£ͬǿյġ
֪ΪΣûмɯƵз˼
ݣȥһطƴŰݣܿǸˮ̶
̽ˮףǿըѵʯˮףһϲ̽һ֣ǰˮ̶еˮԶ̶ֱֿףһֻӰƵи֣ץסǸʯ
ƾʹ㽫ʯƾ
ʧǣʯȻһ
ôأͷ죬£ʯһ࣬˰¯󣬰¯¯ڣͽʯסˣȻ˽ȥ
ŽʯС
һУƿٵջذ¯˰ʱԶѾ˹ѧԺеʥ
ȥʯʱѾʹ˾̽飬Ҳ֪ڸʲô
˫棬ȻǺһԺά޸ǽΪƺϲȻΪӵôĽҶ𾪣Ҳ޷ʡ
ԭ뷨ά޸ʱҲֻܱѾʥ򼶱Ӿˣһͬʥ򾳽İݽ飬߸ͷһͷʥнףʵǺ̶Ҫ֣ټϱ˵ü屳֧֣ܵάĴ֣
Ƭ֮ƱԺѯ˰ɯ顣
ά޸һԣʮϧ˵ɯʦѾְˣ
ְˣһ㶡
޸˵ͷǰøմְ
Ժ֪ںδ
ںɽһǰɯʦͻʥļޣֱӴְˣ˵Ǵﵽʥ֮󣬾ͻ뿪ѧԺ
ںɽɽķ˿
ƣ赣ģɯʦѾӦңһͻʥ򣬵Ϊȶ֮󣬻ѧԺټһģ
ԺҴȥһ˺ɽɯʦɷ񣿡
޸üͷɯʦѾԸñ˴ţҪѯʣҲ㣡
ʧĵ˵ͷǱʱ˺Ȼоɽ֮дһʥѹǿҵ겨


336 ļū
ͻˣά޸ɫһ
һͬȥǣŰݣֱڷɶ
޸˼ˣҲ׷գɽԶȥʮ֮һɽϷһŮӡ
ǰɯǺˣ
ɯʦ밲ɯǰ鼤
ɯȴҪƸӼΪƺͰݾȻշУ˫˫ʥˡ
ɯ裬޳ȣƤѩǰ͹̣߼Ϊͻʥ֮ʸԵˣ·һݿıɽ
ֻڿƵĿ֮ʱɽȴ֮ܽ⣬ůЦ⡣
ʣЩĽ壬ų죬ֲٻСһЩСʱķ̲ࡣ
ƣݣǣǾȻҲͻʥ򣿡ɯǼ
Ƶ˵ͷδѾͬʹƶ԰ɯĸоҲ仯˼ֵС
ȻƵЦݣðɯо⣬Ϊ֮ǰûмЦʹЦҲǿЦǿжΪڵЦݣȴ⡣
ܿ죬ԺҲ׷׷򰬶ɯϲ
ãһͬȥԺ칫Ҵһᣬɯ˵֮ƾͻᱻӾȻͻ밲ݳɻ飬ӦƵ󣬵ʱһȥ͡
֮󰬶ɯƺͰݣһͬλԺȻЩʧȴҲĿȥ
Ժά޸̾һҡҡͷʵǱ仯̫죬һ񣬾ȻʹﵽʥǰݵģƺҲ׵ˣֵõͷʥħڿЩ뷨ʵǿЦ
Ժα٣ӦûûħɣҲֻǾˣҪɱӦҲѣԺ׿˹˵
˹ҡҡͷͰݷֿѾͷǻ᲻ٶħģ˵ᴫڸƣƿȫϵȣ⻹ͷʥ
׿˹գüͷ
Ժά޸ȴΪȻҡҡͷҹ۲һʱɣҶάΪУʥ֧֣Ҳڷǲ֣Ը⿴ɳȥ

Ƶ֮󣬰ɯƸԼպٵŰݷãʼգҲ֪ɯĸ塣
ϣ鼸ŮƣŮǱֱӾΣѧԺȥ
ʮһ˵Ĺٵϣƾͣ
ԶǰǸļľż۷ħʦĶľһͷżħ޺ڻǿٱۡ
ǺȻ䣬һɫĹâͽĶľͺڻһͬסˣһɾ޴δȿĶľ㱻˽ȥźڻһҲ棬û֮С
һţգûκεĶ·һһƾʧһ㡣
ƷӾֱӾ굽Ҹ֮У¯룬ãĿĶľǰ
㣿ĶľɫĽˡ
ƵһЦȻң
һ֣һӡͽŭĺڻˣʮ֮ɳû
ľƤ˲ٴʵƣô
ôǺǺǣӦŶԣǰ̨֮ϣΪҪҽ깥
һԣľɫʱò԰亹ܣæ⣺ң˵Ļ
װˣҲȷ㣬ץҿó㼴ﵽʥ򾳽磬ҸһᣬͻһƿҪΪҶȻɱƳܣƵĻƽĿҲɱ
ľȴˣѾˣƬռ䣬пƵĿռһǵȼߵ֣޷ʹκεħҪǣ
ģԺҿƬ½ͻȥǣɣҸһҩ֮󣬾ͻܿͻƵʥ򣡡
ʲôҲħޣƣŹңҿԿļڷģӽ󣬾ԲΪУңΣ
ȻˣǾͳֻ꣬һʥ򣬻ǻɢΪҵܣԼѡʮ֮ڣҴ𰸣ұΪѡ˫ֱȴ˫
һƬžֻжľ
ˡˡ
ƺÿһΣԽӽľ޲ýԼڳʹƴĽĵƵʣ
ߴΡ˴ΡŴΡ
ܼ򵥣ھԵ֮䣬ľֻίȫ
֮ƾʹһ񵤣һڵΪȵİỹҪǿǰʹ깥Ƶʱ򣬾Ѿﵽ˾ż۷壬Ӿ֮ڣԴﵽʥ
ݳֽۡľ˳ȥǸżħ޺ڻҲȦһ֮ɸŶľ
ļδʥľʥμʥδ˵üаᣬߴ壬Ѿĸӣʣ»壬ӦҲңԶˣ޼ǺǺǣ΢΢һЦ̤¯


337 ɯǱ
֮ļգû뿪ӾԼڷ֮УʼòɹȦԼµ
֮⣬ѾΪܼҵ¬ȥ湺Ķأڱ˵ü͵أҲܡ
ֱܷ֮գƲŴŰݣڽʮλżͬ£һͬǰ
һ޴Ľãάﰲͬ½Ľ̻ʣһͬƵӾλ
֮Ȼͳ˲ٽңַˣʵ󲿷ֶǱ˵üĺӣ˵Ҳˣȫǿڰݵϡ
ֱ˵飬֮밲ʽ飬˵ȻһЩ죬ȴҲòͷӦ
򵥵ĳ󣬰ͱ˵òеļΧ£ֻƸɻǰļգǱҪر˵òģȴ
ˣ˵üеҲòƸıǹƵһڽǴӺζ
ƣǱάﰲ뵽һ׿ķ֮С
ƽףȴֻάﰲˣԵʮֿտ
˫ûάﰲЦ绨˵Ӿϲˣ
Ҳл̴˵ʹ̴ֱͣӽƼɣЦ
άﰲĵ˵ͷƻ֪ԼʹͣЦǺãưԺʲô뷨
һ֪άﰲԼлص̴ˣڶԺûʲô㣬Ҵɻ֮󣬾ͱչպΪٸһЩ֮󣬱ȥ
Ǻ°ȷʵӦ״ҲϣûƬ½֮УҲҪ㣬ǿɲʥԳΪ֣ǣǣ˵䲻ģÿ춼вʥ䣬رûͿɽˣάﰲЦ
óάﰲ涨ҪȰԼ͢ҲͲװͿˣüͷ̴ˣʵұ˶Խ͢кܴĺøеģֻǣҲӦ֪պұɻ飬ڽ͢еְλǲܳɻģ⣿
άﰲȻЦкηԵθְڹ֮͢¾ͿˣʥħʦӦûûнܹ͢ħĿ˰ɣ
Ƶ˵ͷ
Ҳÿˣͷ˽ʥħʦ۸͵ϣ飬ҷһţɻ̸֮
άﰲûмƣȥ֮άɾ˽һ׵ߣάﰲһЦ̴ˣ۹ⰡȻܿڶ½
ǺǺǣˣһ㶼磬һӦþͲᵣӰ쵽½ƽ˰ɣ
ûߣһж˵άҡͷ˵ҿ˵뼸嶼йڣ
ֻҪ˵ļûйڣǲˣ֮һȥǸūӾȥ˹̻ǼǷĵõĴ㣿άﰲ˫дŵЦݡ
άЦתȥ
άﰲˣĿȴһ޵ɱаձǴ֮գʱǼ嶼֪ͨϵڷذɣҵҪٸ֣ҹһʹǣҲǷǳǹֵģ˹̻ᵽǴӺеõģ

ƴʮżŸͷԼӾȥ
ʱѾһ׼ӾװˣаɫëƤߵĺɫ˿ףñаżħƤװһ
·ȷʵһ½ʱĲװĶࡣ
һ·˼˷װ˵·ԣʩ
ֻһЦصӾո̤Ժڣ¬ӭ˵ˣиԳưɯŮӵȺ򣡡
ɯˣƺһϲӿ첽˿֮С
Ȼһɫ峤ۣ쾡µһͷɫĳͷɫ˫գ΢Цעơ
ϲӾˣɯǹճĻߡ
ʦҿʲôϲ裡
ϲ裬ļ䣬ɯüͷƣԭƻҪμĻ񣬿ڱҪ뿪ˣ
ʦȥʱѵ첻𣿿ҪҰæƹĵ
ɯҡҡͷҪ뿪½
ƶԲ죬û
ڶ½Ѿ˽ʮ꣬ڴﵽʥ򾳽磬ǰЩյõĴѶҪȥˣ
ʦ˵ļҲڶ½
ڣҲ㣬ǹģձһһȵĴ֮գԣұҪ˴˻᷵أҪͣһʱ䣡
ǣ˵Ҳ˽ͨţ
ɯ˵ͷԣֻǴۺܴһ£ǲʹõģ
ƳĬˣɴ뵽˽һԼϴôǲǾͻܿ촫ȥ
ϵĸ߼ֱӵĶԻȻҲȽϴƣϣһ죬ȥǣ츳磡ɯɫ


338 ͻ
һЦɯʦͷİɣ˶ãҾͻȥǣֻǣʱ㣿
ɯִӴָȡһɫħ򣬵ݸƣǣֻҪħ飬Ҿͻ֪ĴλãʱȻҵ㣡
ƽ˹е½ĴѶ飬ûио⡣
ħ̺ž޷Ѷֻܿ󱬣һԵƷһ£ֻΪҪʱ򣬲ŻҵļУַ֪ͨҿȥ
Ƕлʦˣƽħ봢ָС
ɯĿ͵ĿƣҪ˵ʲôȻ˼ŮŮ׷׺עŰɯŮӣɻĿ⿴ơ
һЦ㽫ɯԼ򵥵ĽһҲ򰬶ɯЦɯʦ⼸λڷ˽ʱӣ
ɯʱѾĿɿڴ𾪵ľþδΪǰŮӣȻȻȫʥ
һ˵ƵӣɯŵĶƣŷɻ󣺡ģ
Ƶ˵ͷϣɯʦΪұܣǵһ֪ǵˣҲڶ½ĵһϿɵѣ
ɯϵף΢΢˵ͷ³һŮЦƵ޸治ǳȢôŮӣ
ɯʦñǻƯأҲлһ๫չˣǷȴԡ
ɯδȴþ޷ƽһЩǵĿƣ붣Ƽ䣬ȴǸĿ˵ƣʱ䲻ˣͻȥ׼һ뿪һϵ㣬ϣԼ
ɯŮ˵ͷ˵Ĺȥֻƽɯͳ֮ʱȴ͸˰ɯһָֻǸһЩ͸Ķ
ɯûⴢָĲ֪ͬĶҲ̹ȻܣԼĴָлȥ
ɲ֪һװ˵ĽָһһȡһŮʽףԼһ񵤺һ
ܾԺ󣬰ɯһ޴ѣָҷĶȻǶƳ˸мټɻվʹƵӰҲ޷뿪Ժ

๫㲻һŮɣ̵ЦԼأ
šһⰬɯʦϣԽ뿪Խã½꣬𼸴干ͬԸңҵˣ棬ҿûж롣Ҳϣܶһ˽⣬赣Ұˣˣ⼸죬Ҫúõǣӭ׵һ죬ǶһױױѾͷһȥӰݣ
ЦһӵұżŮԺ
ļգżŮ˫ޣȻҪıŮתŮˣһҹƣȻǿ޵ϡﻩֻܺοĳ谮˼еί
ֻŮˮֵ֮ʱߴ壬½˲ˣȫǴЩȴڸУɽ¶ˮ
˵òһ𷢵ˣݣ˫ȴΪɫۣƽʱλϡ
ԣ췢ߣֶ
˵ü˵ȣվ֮УǵǸ޳϶ûʸ
˷·ΪŭãſФ˺ͰݵĶ˵飬ȻǰѾҷΪҲȥǸūϷȴӭȢݣ˲Ǹū˵
Ф˵ȴ¶˵Цݡ

һڵ˻ڣŸͷĳӣԼʮλ߰˾żʿħʦɵĻӣ˵òȥ
ŮǴŮӶ˵ģڼԡ
һ·֮ϣûκ谭ֱ˱˵òǣԤϵǣ˵òǰûκεϲ־ǰŵĻ࿴
ɻ󣬲ûֹͣŲǴϵԼһͬ˱˵ò
ӱ˵ü˴ȥ뵽峤ȴеĲǱ˵󣬶һӵĽˣϢ֮£ȻһεѹʹͷһΪ˵ΪȻǸ߼ʥٴﵽ߼磡
ڴ˵ԣǱ˵üʥϣһǣѾ
˵´֣ļֵܣԼݵ˵ȣ׷ԣվڱ˵
ǰݵĶһЦĶƣ·ڵȴһϷĵФˣͬһӡ
ɻ֮ʣУһ˫ŨüĽ߷ˣһū
ţƵüͷʱΪʱӾװģȻ˸ҽū
ôҲ֪αƭֵģǣһҪ㣬£ȴܴߣ⣬ͷħԼٴһ


339 ߼ʥ
δȴ˵Ŀио˵ɱҲʥ򼶱ˡ
ɴˣоպҪдı仯ˡ
һӾװҲܴİɣ˷ողһڽңӦҲհݣӼ͵͵ȡȥģҲǣ˵·һ㣬ÿһ֣߼ʥѹϵĳƵꡣ
Ҫػ꣬ɣԷļ仰Լսȫ޷㡣
߼ʥһʥĲࡣ
ȴЦˣλǰӦǱ˵üĳɣ˵üǷһڽңӦñҸ
󵨣һūһڽңҪǴӼеȡЩǮһƤٴŭһ
ūٴδЦǹ͢׷ӾѾƽǺξλūƾʲôң
ƿеļūһڣ˶һռ䶼·һ㣬˶ã·𱻴ɽѪҺٷڣϾҪ塣
еһԣŴĿеɱһЦϷûоλΣ˵ü壬ľλֻǵȡӵĲƸ򵽵ģϷȫú̺ȥūľλ
ϼһ֤ݣû֤ݣƾʲô˵ҵȡǼĲƸ֤Ǻˣ֤ڣѾеɼػԪĿηĶŶԷ
ūҾ֤˵ľȻǰݵĶɯ
ԵĶФҲźȵңȵʱۿתūһڽңʱŭ֮£ͼūɱǣȴû뵽ȻҪɱڣңΪūɱұ˵üĻҪܵĿ죬Ѿǹˣǹ֤ݣ
˵꣬Ф˻ʹӴﲼȡһǹͷƵʹõǸͨǹ
ǹ֮УϢ㻹ҵΪФ˵䣬Űǹ˵ǰ
ץϸ̽һֶƵĽ£ū㻹кλ˵
ֻһټ٣ðݳ֤һʱ֪
󵨣ݱͱƭ˸飬ϷѾΪūūūȡ˲ƸܴȰ㻹ǹԹԾܣԼƤ֮࣡
˵䣬ƾ͸оܵĿռڲϵĽѹԼ壬ûаԪزǴĿռҪŲ壬Ѿʮּѡ
ڣ㻹ʲôֱһԼӦþͻԶɯٺȵ
ʱȴںͰйͨᣬΪβ֪ͨңǣΪϼһҺΣͲֱ˺Ѷ
ˣū⼸ո޷뿪ū󲿷ֲ˶޷ɳ룬ϼһ￴ģ©Ϣ߻߶ΪФһѾߴңпװĿռڵͶˣ㻹ǿ߰ɣϼһԻʥˣңһͷ߼ʥħޣӦѾȥӾ
ʹƹͨʱ򣬶ͷҲѾ˺ıֱŪȴҲı˵ü֪Լʵݡ
ںδ
ѾΪѺԺ
ʵ࣬ϼһﻹûԼҪռֻԼȽӴħԼһӦþǱԼռˣֻǶԷҲȷռǷԼϣԲûɱԼ
ʱӦðФֱɱˣưһĿ⿴˱˵󣬿ʵ˵òǲѾͬ밲ݵĻ£
ūڶʲôʱˣȻŮˣФ˴Цһ
ĶФһۣɨڳÿһ˵գһ˵ϣҪΪ鸶ۣһ죬˵ò壬Ҳס飬ģ㣬ɯΪμŮˣҾκβ㣬μ嵽ʱҲ㣬ҵУ
ūһ˶ٺһ
һ̣˶һ㵡
ΪƲˣ˵Ƥӵ²ˡ
߼ʥ򼶱ĸ֣Ҳþ̽顣
ֻƵȴڷص裬Ʒģǧٱȡأ˵ü壬һӶ½
ū߼ʥȻվ𣬼ٵķɳ䣬գ¿ȥһӰԶ۶ȥ
ܣߣ߼ʥһħ³ǧ֮⣬Ȼƾճһ׻ǽ
ֻ߼ʥǣƸΪϲɫâէֱ֣û˺Ļǽ֮У̶һ
սףʥ߼ʥɻ䣬ξٴŲˡ
ߵٶȶޱȣգ֮䣬͵˹ǵĳ⡣


340 ֮ս
ȻƵ֪߼ʥߵһͷΪߵĸ߼ħޣȥԼĸۡû̫ൣģΪŮѾˣǸ߼ħȥۡӦҪΪ˶ԸͷȴһɱǣϾǱ˵üĿɽ
ͷ׵Ҹ֮ңܽǸ߼ħ޸ȥǾٺòˡ
֮ƾ͵̤ٶ߼ʥҪϲ٣ҪΪƻٿ켸֡
ȻӲиֵĸ֪Щĸ֣ǸΪ˵ãȻһĻǳĹע
ֻǣû֮ǰƺ˭Ը¶档
߼ʥ򣬾Ǳ˵üΪб˵Ԫ˾˵üĳϣҪһڣѾǽӽǧϹˡ
һФͽƵФĸֽţȡ˵üһڽңðڼҵʱ򣬼޻˰ݡ
һ˵üҪԸƶˣԭƵǿӲѾǿҵĶʼɣرʥвϧǧųĻӸƣñ˵ü˸ΪǺޡ
̬֮£ƻı˵Ԫ˵Ǹڸб˼գŽƸҲһúõһ
ȴû뵽Ǳˡ
һߣеۿФŭףҲ˰ɣƾȻԴڵƤߣ˾ͨħҪȡһڽҲͷǳˡ
˵ԼݺƣΪóһڽҹӾλʱ򣬼иûжʧһڽңֻǰոնʧģˣҲûа취ΪҲ峤Ρ
ĶۣҲϣݼ޸ƣ˵ԪģѰݴǣðݼ޸ϵĹ幫ӣһ˵üɾĴˣάַеŮ͸˴󹫣䵱󹫵ĺűΪ
Ѿﵽʥ򣬳ö˵Ҳ޸󹫣ߴ󹫵ļӣǱ˵üҲ͵һˡ
ƵЩôФٴʵ
˵λϣλΪأ
ҹѺȴڽץ֮һ϶޻ص
ͷ
Ȼһܼңڼˣˣ
ˣʲô˼˲ûгԾΪУɾλʥġ
֪Ǳħ󸲸ˣĻȻʧˣǵ˶ȥ
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ȻȥһˣǾǰףĸҲǳʥһֱڱ˵顣
⻹췢ͷӦǱ˵Ԫū˶˼ԭϣҲĸʥ
ȴԼǿµ¯֮Уɫ¶һ˿ţ׷һ죬˲Ųǧ֮⣬ǲҶԸͷϵǸѹϢȻȴӳ浽ôˡ
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Ůÿ˶սףõ޽Իɱһ磬֮Уϼէ֡
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341 ٻ
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رǱ˵ķˣжһƣգ֮ڣɢһǿ׹⣬һ޴ķ֣ͽǰ׹ǵգ¯ͷųĲɫâԺһ
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ֻǣϿ֮ʱȴֲһɵǣһ۾ͿһȽħ
ֻŪף˭Լ׷Ƶʱ͵ϮԿбȵλҪұ˵ò𻰣кζԹԪԸһеŹҵ˺ͼū
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ħţĻȭаֱڻɵϣ͵һضڸһͣǻɵĹâһȭҳһǻĸԭ
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û󷨻ָô죬ȻԪһƿһڣһŲƵ֮ڣͬʱǱħţĿҲ֮ԭˡ


342 ɻ
˵Ԫһ̤˵òϿգ͸о֮һ¯еĹâͽ
Щâ֮£ռ·ȹ̡
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һУӵص򳡴Сצץ˱˵Ԫ
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ԣҲûд㣬óħֻʥˣҪһħֱ֣ɱ
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ǣħĲɫȴȻ壬ԪľצȥƬ֮䣬ͽ
ħҲһš
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Ԫһٷ䣬ٴο֮У˳׵Ļ񵶣׼Լħնȥ
ڻ񵶼ħϲɫۼ׵ʱۼ׺Ȼ֮ϡ
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ԪһĻòһѪղԼһ൱ڿԼϣȻԼħԭΣͷϵľ֮С
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ССԪţüĿʱæ˼ױȴǻûκεı仯û˿
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һ֮ƾͼӴ˾ɻ𹥻һ磬·ҹеǳǵأǻ꣬Ԫ׹䡣
ԪԽԽľʹʲôħ綼ûһ˿һӰ죬·磬ͬռе׺ͼһ㣬޴֡
رҲ˲˺ܿռĽʹһ񣬾Ҫ¯зɣĹԽѡ

Ȼһ˻ٴδħ֮·һɫϼ⣬޴צһ͵ϮͽԪץסˡ
ţһҲ֮߼ʥܵһ֮󣬾Ȼֱӣͷȥõһ

ԪȫľſħצһɫĲӰֱ࣬ٴŲƣûܶɫǹļһĿףѪ
һǻ磬ǵأ׷£Ԫһ񣬼Ͼͱϻ磬˲ȼ
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пһ˵ģǧƽԼūͣڸܵв֮£ٴսӣ׼ܵĻϺʹһЩ˱գҲǡ


343 ˵üĸ
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Сūǹڵأ񰡣ͷȱŹҰɣ
ȴûǣٴζٺһ콣󣡡
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ŮѾ׼ڴ֮ܵУֳΣ˲ܵλȫսףѾ޽УͬʱħҲǿںǹռһ
һֱδİᱻƶһ֣ʧ˵ǰûȺ֮Уȴܿ𣬱ƶһѾ޽
˸λ׳ͣ˷׷˫ֽӡ޽˵صסͷ֮ϵİ¯ҲСɻ𣬳ʧ˰¯֮ڡ
գͻָ˱ĿܿյһƬ
ڱ˵üе˸̾ʱϿȴȻէֳһεĹ
·һ㣬ͺ߼ʥ˵ԪԪӭӣٶι˲û˵棬ȴûнκε
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ԪԽԽ࣬ϵէ̶֣˲ûصף֮ֱӴ͸
Ÿʥ򣬾Űѿľ޽ͬɵľ콣һͻԽԽǿʹΪʥҲҪˡ
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˵ȣƸģžֻܽҪȴջС
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һոպʹĲ棬Ȼէֳһâһţ̫ѨҶϴαֱӶԭء
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ԪһĻ·ڿ˾ǣһݣұѼ壿
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ʱҲ˳ֻǣݵΪɱӡţ߼ʥӡʹҲʱ޷ƱڻС
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ҲܱѼ壬ֻһūҶԸʲôɯ˹˻ţĻУĶФˡ
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Ƶ仰ʹʣµı˵˷ӦǸūѾ׵ǵͷϣ˾ס


344 Եƿ
ƣôǱ˵ü壬ҲԲŹģ㲻Ҫˣǹʿ壡˵ŭơ
ҺΣң˵òѾ󸲸ǣû֪ģʹȥ˵ҲɱǸ߼ʥһ˵ʹȷģǸʱΣֻң˵òȴˣǣҲͬķһһɱЦ
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ǣǱΪȴߣҪȫʥֵĻ֮ĸħͷ򣬶Ҫһʱ䡣
ȻôŹǿԽʥ򣬷ӳʥ򼶱ΪȻս綼Ƕ˵ȴ൱ǿʵ
ֻֻһ˴ʣµĶҪԺơ
ͨʥеļ䣬ƷһھŹʵǾǹԸӦ飬һЩ˹ħħʥħʦҲܿŹʥĲͬ
ԣҲͽԺҪСķܵĲȥҴڸһ֮ԼΪֻҪ䣬һӦ޷


345 ţħ
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ţգֹͣǰĲȻţһ㶼ȽϱΪ˼۷ʥħţȴеСģ֪ҪҩȻҪһĴۡ
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ţħȫŬ弶ʥֻΪţʱȴͷϳţħ츳ߣȻţƷȴһ
֮ļգƲϵȦȴҲڴķӦ
Ȼܶ˶۱˵ò飬ֻǱ˵òȴһѣǣԪǰĳҵ׷ɱұ˵üˣҲˣҲѾ뿪ȥ羲ˡ
ڰ֮飬Ϊܵɯ͵һڽңʵˣڽսФ˫˫ƵĻƳ٣ʱֻڼڲ򵥾оС
飬ҲǱ˵òǿѹȥȻе˻ɻ󣬿Ǳ˵òȴտڲ̸ټٽ˵۽㶼ʥˡ
һգ㹻Ȧ֮󣬽Ǹѷʯ˰¯֮Уͼʹɻ
𾪵ǣʯȻɻ±ɻΧգ¶Ҳû㡣
ңͨҸ֮Ǹ֮ĸӦں
ԣֽʯҸ֮еһࡣ
һһĻ𾪲ѣеĸȻʯ֮ڣ̶ʯʼѣ뵽˻ص֮УʯƬз·ǿϵĴ


346 ֵ
ʯ֮ҲԽԽ󣬴һߣۿɼٶȣ˰׵ĸ߶ȣռСԺ䣬ֱжʮң·һ۵Ĺľֲ棬ĴӣƬϿա
ͬʱƻӦҸ֮ҵڿһԾﵽ˵һֱﵽ۷壬Żֹͣ
ȴ֪Ⲣյ㣬ƺҸֵ֮һӵԣҸ֮ҾͿԴﵽļ
ֻǴĽǶɣӼͶȺڲռȶĻҸ֮ͨ١
Ҹ֮ԭĲϣҲʼ䣬׹Ҹ֮ҵ֮ڣռ侹Ȼﵽ˷ԲܱһȴִǳɫĹâ֣ռҲȹˡ
ΪҪǣڴˣʹԺƲڣҲҪҸ֮һᱻƻˣͿԷҸ֮ҵĿռ
Ҹ֮еҲ˸ŨѾҪֻ԰ˣڹеκη䣬ܸо֮
ֻȴЩѾȦ˽һֳӾҲҪ
Ҹ֮еõģҪɵĹƣҲܽɹڸÿһˡ
һЩʹˣʹɣҲѾˣֻͽСˡ
Щֽעϣͨϴսִɼ׵ħں˵Ĳǹڵϸơ
ԣòǹħڰ¯գԺٶԵУħͲǹڹʱ򣬶ֱһɻֱӻɱ֡
֮ţħڵķӡ
򵥵ȥ˼գڵǰ֮ˡ
һһ磬ƾʹŮһͬ˹̻ȥ
ûгߣ̵ĻбС۽ޣֻСëޣβͺܳǿɰ
ƵļվȸĽĻбѾɰɫСèĻӰèţħֻţôǰΪ˿
ЩȫϢõȫƴڸǵɼϢֻħޣҲķǳ
ǺЩĵͽ׳ħûκεţʥ۷ħʦҲ뿴͸ԼЩ˺ħ޵ʵΪܲܿ͸öֻ֪ǣȴŻ֡
˹лǰʱ򣬷ΪҶϣĿһЩ幫С㣬ҲϲСħޡ
յǰһŮһۿеķ̻еС򣬺ͮͮëСɵӣβͣ鶯˫ۣ˫
ԣһ߹Ĺӣһޱߵĺ˿װֻǴӱ濴ƷŮŸ첲ͣƵ˵ԡ
߹ĹƺҲ⵽ƣر߸ŵŮ绨ȻǺڷȴѵǵò
Ů˿ӾΣҲʶȻֱӾƵǰãֻħ޽ʲô֣
ƴһԷŮûͦˮ飬һͷɫͷһɫİȹ˸ԲԲܻɰʲôΪ
ͬŮߵṫӣҲǳΣüīΪȻҲ͸ȴһεİ
ʲôˣͷɻ󣬿˵л
Ů죬˵ܲܽң
գȴһЦ˿ҪҪŮߣ
֨֨
ŭŮ죬Ȼӷ̵Ļд˷̵ļϣβ͹ŷ̵ֱۣŭŮ
Ǻǣ˰ɣԸߣɣЦ
ŮգʧһίĿԵĹӣ磡
幫ԵļλŮջĿ⣬ȻӣŮЦã˼Ҳֺαǿ󣿡
˵գֿƣλѣܷ֪ңЩŮͶǴӺιģ
ţüͷһãһԼħޣһĪǻԼŮ˲ɣ
ѣᣬ֮˽֮˳ڵŮͣºĽԲŮ͵ע⣡
ƵüͷչЦȥūгתתδǺܶģ
磬ǸĹߣˣŮһŵ棬˹ȥ
лѣƵ˵ͷŮҲС
๫˶ҲͨϢ֮
˲̫񱾴½ˣпģвٴˣҲüʶʶߣ
ŮͼͷħޣҲ˴˹̻ĻԱħݽȥ͵õΪ߹ĽӴϢĽеĶż䣬ȴĿʼ


347 ʥŮע
Ʊ˹̻߼ӴȻҲ˵ע⣬رУѡ
֡δƹƣȴʶ幫ӣѾҵﵽ˾żڰзߺ޼ʵĿⲻԶ
ƺͰѾǽȣȻûϢȴ֪˫˫ʥټӾݣѾֱӿˡ
ƵڵĿżĸڣһŮӵԣҲ
ʥŮˣ˵üз飬˺Ѳ鴦˵˺öˣɲ֪Ϊʲô˵üȴʧˣάﰲ˵
Ҳû¶棬ղ̻ſڿ¬¬˹˵
̶ŵ˹̻ǣ˵ʱ˲ʧҲ֪Ǻ
ʥޱ飬˫ƽˮһ㣬˵Ǹ˽һֵģֻҪ˹̻Ǹ˽ӾУ͢Բ½ƿصˣ飬һҪˮʯ
ʥŮģλͬʱһ

ڽ͢ڵĸڣƼһǸãʱڶ˵վһˡ
ֻ˹˵ӣǸ˵ݲˣ˵Ǳ˵üŮߵǸŮǱ˵ðݣ˶ǳʥ򣡡
ʥ򣿾ȻҶоǵΪǻͨߵķ΢΢˵ͷ
Ů˵磬Ϊʲôֻӣҿϲˣ
ʱӰ쵽ҵļƻ
Ů˹һۣߣΪҲ֪ļƻΪǸʥŮɲҪˣ˼ҿҲʲô취ܰ׷֣ʥŮԶܽģͷǸ뷨ɣΪ»ˣ
ʥŮôҲûȥõģֻҪõ˾ˣ͢ҲҰôǵЦŨ˼֡
ӣһү֪ˣԥˡ
үֲ֪֪ǣ⣬⼸ȥūгתתܲ򵽼ŮͣһССӾߣܸʾѵ绨ΪҾͲܣ
գĿ˸ӣūӲֱӽߵŮ͸Ū֣һССӾʥū԰﹫׽ӻǲҪçײȥѰʥŮĺã
ү϶飬ҲЩŮҲǱùģʥŮүҪĲֻˣҪʥŮ࣬ڵʥ֮ɶһɹүпܿһƿֱ򾳽磬飬øҰɣͱֱүˣ߹Եʮַŭ
˻æ˳ȥ
磬ҪôϹܼʥŮĶһ£Ůüͷ
ӵȴٴι˸߹Цݣ㲻ΪʥŮ֮ԱΪ֪ҵ뷨ΪʲôϹܼҸĿľΪ˰ڶ½ˣֻû˵ˣ
ɣŮɴ˫š
ʥŮϣȡʥŮ֮ʥŮҲȥģͻᱻ͢ȻºҲ취ɱңϹܼڣɱңҵõ֮Ҫ˶ãҾܴﵽ򣬼ʹûϹܼңҲɱˣʱܱã䵱ڹ͢һӣǷǳģԣ飬Բܸ֪ˣ򣬿ɾҪ븸ˣ
ŮĬˣȴ΢΢˵ͷǣҲܣҲ˵ȥģˣ˰ҰֻŪ֣òҪɱˣ
ͷİɣǼСϺףֶܿסԲֶصģ

ʱƣȴ֪Ѿˡ
ȻҲűˣԭĿϣУ½ʥһ򾡣ȴϾȻˣ޴ıС
ѾõδİѶϢУԪĸ֣壬ҲӦС
оǣδƣܲ͢ȻһʥŮʥŮΪ߲ɲ飬̶Ϊ𾴣Ϊʥ۷壬򾳽硣
̫Ѩƿ˼
Եİݼˣæվܷܷ֣ˣʲô
ı仯̫죬ǺпҪְֻ֮ܵϣ˹̻᲻ǰɣ򣬽͢϶һ鵽ףϧץҲģƾڵʵԱûģ

ѾʼˣȻһЩͬƷһЩϴĶ
һһ˪Ķʥħ˪ڵǴ½ںŨĺ˪֮Եħʦкô۾һҡ
ƿ˿ȴһЦҸ֮ôŨ֮Ѿ㹻תΪںˣҪ˪֮öˣеǶһģ
Ʋٴԣһѽ˻У˫ѾʵƬ̹򣬱쵽˹·ѩ׵ӣĹҲͨ죬


348 澭
ڳţǰûƣֱ֮ǲڹ·ֺȻͣ͸ˮϸĿ̨ϵƷ
ֻ̨ϵòŮӿ˵һƬصĹֵƤƲֲ˵ƤѾ򼶱ħ޵Ƥ̺һħ޵һǧ򣡡
ƺܿһЩΪȻһħ޵Ƥֵܼһǧ򣿡
๫Ҫ𣿡ƵĻУһָ·סͣڷϵƵ֣ʹ
δ𣬿һ̣оͷų⣬͵ջҲıֱ鼤֡
ŮɻĶţƵ˫ĿȴĶǱʦеƤ
Ƥ֣ȻֻԼм֣ȴѾ֣д澭ĸ֡
Ĵ޹֮һ˵һǧ򣬾һڣҲҪõ֡
ֻǣҪ˿ɲֻʹЩʶˣҲԸ߼ֻһƽƤ
һᣬ۸ǧ
ҳǧ򣡡Ȼһ쳹ڴ֮УֱӼһǧ˿Ǻܺõġ
ŤŤͷ˵Ӧڶ¥һ䷿ӾͲģ˵ȴһЩ죬Ȼǰһá
þҲû˻ػϾֻһƬƤʵʵòǧѾߵļ۸ˣҲһǧļ۸
ǧһ򣡡͸ħ󣬺˳
Էͣһ£ܿͺǧ
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ǧһʮ򣡡ƺη壬澭ҪŪ֣ɽٵǺΣյģ澭䣬׽ҪյĶ࣬رѾ֮湦澭ǲɻȱ֮
ǹӵûټʱž
ǧ򣡡ڣһٴ
ǧ򣡡һֱ˸̨ס

磬˭ҺһеͷŮü
ǹҲԵһЩŭ̽봢ָһγϴĽҲ٣ǣҪĵ֣ʹǴ½Ҳϵˣ򶼲һܴ񽳡
Ů˹ӵԥԱȰ磬ҪˣһСƤеǣŻôңҲֻУŻħ޵Ƥ
ȴҡҡͷҿĲƤ֣ȻҲʶȴܸоϵдֵģһ֣˵ضܴһЩѵԷҲŵССʥ߸мʶˣ
磬ɣʱ㲻ǻðǺ𣿴˵ʱһˣŮĿһ˿Ϸʡ
ŵ˵ͷĬ
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ֻǵôŮʱ΢һЩ죬ɺܿͻָƵǰӾˣõƷ
ǺǺǣҿûôң˵Ц䣬ҲƤС
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ģ˹̻ὫԶѵѣСŮӸˣ˹¶¶¶ɻ󣬺ҲһЩСʧ˳ȥ
˵ҲΪԼһ·һˣٻһЩأ˹¶¶뿪֮㲻ϵĴƤϵ֡
ƤΪɫзǳ˿ɫģñдȥ·ɣ֤һֱעƤ֮дɵġ
ħ޵ƤӲ̶ȿƷܽע룬ȴֲٻƤǸеĸ֣ΪҲмϾ硣
ÿһ֣һֺɽĸоϸ֮£ԵĲ֣һ޷
๫ֺ֣ʶ𣿡Ů̽ͷ˵
Ƶ˵ͷ֣Ϲʱڣڵ֣ʹǰеһЩѧߣҲһʶЩȴо
ֻȴ֣ΪʲôǰеϹ֣
Ҳ޷ԭ򣬽Ĺμֿ֮˿Ƥһ棬ûԾ͵ݸŮǹ͡
ѾʼһƷˣƲûȤԱ۾ڻ澭ϼصĹ
ѾǺ徳磬ھȫͨһ֪·ߣôѡ


349 ڲƸ
Ů㵵ǣƱĿйʱƤȻǵз룬ƵǰţֿʼƤ渡̶㼯С㡣
ҲԪӦ֮£ʱʹһЩС㣬·һſǳһ·ǳͼţһţȻûƵԺ֮С
ƤҲκ֡
ȴоԴͬػһˤŵæ۾Ӧûзʲô׵ųһ
ȴ̬࣬ѯʵ๫ղЩ׵ɵͼΣǸ
΢΢ͷ˵׼ȷ˵Ӧޣ澭Ҳ澭ֻһܸ٣滹ޣֻϧȴûУպ̸
Ҳü˵๫ҸղŸоһɿµĲ
Ťͷ˿ɫٴǲǻһħศɵĹ
˵ͷħڴﵽʥ򾳽֮󣬾ͿԶˣţڻԶһħ˹·ߣ
ĪǷ澭ѯʣѯ
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뼸ŮʱǼڳˣֻһʦȴȥˣ˹¶¶īǳһϻϻ̨ϡ
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½ʮ߼ߴ壬һǴ͵ĲӶҲ֤ߴҵĳʢ˥
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У⻹Ǯڽֻǣ磬һγһֻڽңˣŮʮӣ̶ֳü
ҲϡֻҪʥŮˣȻҪǾͳȫǵõʥŮҿԱ֤˭õʥŮԳģ幫ӵɫƿһеЦݡ
Ȼάﰲּһμ۸֮άɾֱǵǧ
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ȻϼһһЩۣҲûа취ߣһλ߼ʥĳΪ˳ȫԼĳҲҪؽŪ֣
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һ˼۸Ƶ޷£ˣʱ˹˲ˣҪһؽ۸ֻһڣ۸˹̻ỹҪٸһǧ򣬼һؽ൱ڲƸˡ
ڲƸʹȲߴʹ壬Ҳܿйˡ
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ţħȴ˵һ𾪵ĻСһҸղŸӦһǿߵľƺڿǣ
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һȣͬʱڵļҲˣ͢еһŮƵע⣬һ͸Ϊˡ


350 ս
Ůֻ¶һ˫ƽˮӣУûа飬ûа㲨£ûһ˿һϢ
͹̵ӰǳĽë޷ֱԷǸŮӡ
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ĿҲƼƺڶԷУԼͺǸһ㣬ŮһʵĶŷ̻еĻ۽ޡ
Ǹְ֪ܲܲǵɼϢưһջĿ⣬ָ̹Ȼ֮ɫŮţħȥ
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СģڸղţūʥŮʱѾ㣬ֻҪûв´ʥŮһᶨǰάȥ鿴ǼϣҲѾһЩû궾ֶǴӸ߽׵ħȡģκһȣʥŮĲҲãֻҪֶӴͬʩһ֮ôʹҲҪʱʧʱʹū֣Ҳôþôã
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þãƲûصףȫŵȴһЩð麹ղɾڶ˵Ľ£ҶΪһ˰ͻᱻ߲
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ǣ˵ĶԻȴһֲ©ı˶аû뵽ͷö֣ҪɱңҪħޣΣԸǺͽ͢ĸ໥Ź̲źãǸϼһʥŮӦöǲܰ
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Ƭ֮䣬˶άԺУʹľݣڴǰľ޴Բľ֧У̸


351 ʥŮıŭ
Ȼϣ̺ͺʥŮܿĸۡάɵӭ£һͬ˴
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ߵһ׺ҲһЦ⣬˺Ůӣλǣ
λǲã۹ܵ͢ʥŮ橴ˣ
Ŷ׺ߺͶάɶһ
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ʥŮ£ѵʲô𣿡άɴ˽ɫĽϻǰؽ
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ԣʥŮ²ŴοһȷѽԴ˵ԴǣȻκˣάﰲЦ
ά֪޷ˣֻǰԺûѪһʥŮӦòѽ̰ҲİݷˣԣͬϻһͬϣݵʥŮ橵ǰ
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һֻס΢΢˫ͽ̽˽ȥһֻڽ
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ֻǣ´ǰ̨׵һ̣һֱйƣȴȻ䣬·һͻȻֵ쫷磬ͻȻըǿұס
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һ죬ͬʱ˳ȥߵάﰲҲûѣֱƷɡ
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Ůڻɱֱ֮ڿն𣬼ٵݡ
ԶȺ֮еĺ¹ӼһĻȴ¶ʮЦ⣬Ҳ֮ڿգβʥŮ׷ȥ
Ե߼һĻ棬Ǻ¹ȴһҪ
üͷоӦò⣬ҲͶԭأҲ֪Լӣֻǲˡš
СһЩվǴѵ
İɣκβģʹ˲ԱǾģ
Ӵͬʱ˫Ź⣬ͷ·𿴵һ㣬Ƭ֮䣬ʧڹ֮С
ֻٶȣʥŮٶȿǲһЩһģ׳һоᣬ˾ħ֮£ֻɫĳ򣬶ħ֮
ƴĸľͶŽٶ࣬ƾµķһ·ɳۡ
ڵص׽׺ߣԼάҸ֮ҵƣҲڸĴ˹֮󣬱ڵص׼ȥ
ڵصݵٶȿҲǲģȳ˹֮ͷգƾ뱻ʥŮߵǰѽ֮΢ӦСĸȥ


352 ʥŮҪ
ǰؽƴ죬ٲһЩƵľӡʹҲ뷢ֺǽؽٵ
յ͸Ӧؽƶٶޱȣһڽĸı䷽ڵٶȣ׷ϣ֮£ȡֻǾмǿķЧ
Ϊ˱רŶġ
һΣٶȹȻ࣬ܿ죬ͷǸ˫ĺ¹ӣֻǣֻ¹еķȴؽƶķȻµķǶԵģҪܿҵʥŮȻһЩѡ
ôʥŮأһ߼ٷУһ˼
գǾһӸɵôӵūӦþͻΪʥŮɱ
ͬʥŮҲʥŮˣǸūû˶֣ӾԶزȥˣÿ춼ҪĵĶء
ӦȰʥŮѣȻȥʥŮɱӡʥŮͬʱҵٺ٣
ƶ¼ı֮Ҳ¹ӣʥŮԷɶݵķ򼲳ۡ
ֻʥŮ򾳽磬ʹҲжʮӣѾ뿪֮ңˣѾ½ɭ֣Ⱥɽ಻գӦؽֹͣƶȺɽ֮С
ٴѰƬ̣һɽȷؽ֮أһɽֻǶѾ滹һǿǡ
˿ԶħļĿǹӾȻҲҵֻǾһǧӣҵ
룬ֱöɽʯ֮ڣȻڲСƶ
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ݣӱСǿˣƵĴԲһհףӦ橵ȻֱһǿҵɱϢ֮£ֱӾ͸ˡ
䣡
ݺݵɽʯϣƾ³һѪһȥ
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ƻһ˿ʥŮ᲻ɱԼʱ򣬾͸оʥŮ˵ԼĻ·ҲѾղһȫʱȻʥŮ
ʱʥŮŮһ㣬زƵ壬ظǱѹıƽƵϴ϶µĽʪţͣҪĶȻƻûҪȴʥŮ˽
ȴһˮӱʥŮˣǲڶʼȢ̫ţӶĥأ
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ƿҲǸˣת֮£ƾȶ࣬еĻ壬ȻҲһЩӦ
ȻһţôôɵǸӲһҪŮڵĹҲаӵ˫񹦣ֻǿ˫ޣͬҲŮڵǸȥɣ


353 ʥŮķ
ѾǼˣò橽ҲԽԽߣһִԼʹҪɱʥŮҲѰ쵽෴һɱ˵ĻʹʥŮѣʱԼҪˡ
ֻʹҪʥŮһʥŮ;ô죿һҪɱˣҲһԼ
һֱڴì֮УǣʥŮȴˣ֮ѾˣѾжʥŮʪʪڽĥ֮󣬾ȻΪ֮壬ķǳ˳;Ȼ赲ʥŮȴȫûʹ֮ɫ
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䣡
ƲµĻڱ¹ӻƣǣƵǣȻһˡ
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ԣƾͽ̽ŮӵڣʼŮڵһ˹·С
ӵжǣһһԺӰŮڵ
һѭƾͲҪǿˣͷ·𷢶Ļ˫֮£ȫԶУŮԺǵ˫޹
ƵĶҲޱȣ橵Ҳȫţģ˾ͷ·ñطˣǣֿȴӿ˶˵ꡣ
Ʒ֣ҪߵκһŮӳ־ã˶һ橸Ƶϣθǰ²ͣŲ棬Ȼˣ˫ץסŷأͣࡢһǰδеĸоӿͷ
ȻڴģҪűƵ½ĵ橵ڣ̶ֻƵڡ
໥ѭƵΪȴڿٵţʥһһֱ弶۷壬ڻֹͣƺҪƵ޷֧ţľ޷Ϊпٴߡ
ܿ죬ʥŮһ󼱴ٲʹ֮صֹͣеĶſƵϣԲͦأҲΪ˵ѹһЩƽɿԸоĵ


354 ˶
Ƶ˫橹ıţ̶ؽӵֻ̱橵ϣɢζػ
橵Ϊ٣Ʋ
һǣ˫ϸãƺҪԶĽָоס֮󣬲뿪橵壬ֻ橵Ѫ
üͷƾһ֮޸˿ڣѪ˯橣Ƴ̾һ֪ˣԼܳʱӵģʱѹȻԼʬΡ
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һˣͷŭ˲ȼգ񵤵ҩ֮£˲䱬һǿƥơ
أ
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䣡
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һһ㰵ɫսҲ޽֮ͷ
䣡
ɫսױŭһֱұ񣬺¹ӵ弱׹䣬ݺݵ·ɽ֮ڡ
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橷·𻹲⽣׼ɽǽ
䡭
ߴǧ׵ΰɽ޽˷ĩһ̲ʯ
һǾ߱ɫսװĺ¹ӣѾʯϢޡ
ҽȻûսףȴش壬ڻǣ
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ǲûйã¹ӵūƬѾüͷ壬ŭһ橣Ҽҹںδ
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ʥĹ񰡣Թ֮аɣ޵еĳնƺڰʱհɣ֮ն
ħеĹ֮ٴȼմ񣬰ɫĽܣǳ˿˿ĺɫѷ졣
·ռ䶼Ѿ飬ӭǺ߾նȥ
ռѣɫ֩ڰɫâ֮£˷Բʮա
кɣ˯е
һߵƤۿɼٶȸɱţһߴǧƣͷǵİħƾһѺڰĸֲ棬ӭնľ޽ͻȥ

˵ԪٻĻ񣬺ħȣֱϣⰵħһƴûС
ȻһǸֲ޽ײ֮ڰ໥֮أ˽ı
ɫգѣͷ·һ澵ըѣ̶Ȼѣγһ޴޵׺ڶ
ӺڶһˣһɿֲĿռ˲ͽֲ;޽ɣռҲٵĸԭ
ⲢսĽħľ޴Ӱǰ⽣ٴζƴ
䡭
ռըѣڰʱʱʱĳ֣ܵɽĵ·ĩա


355 ʥŮ
ǧ֮ƣܸܵɽȻͬĿֲǿѹ֮£Ľɡ
ڸܵʥŮŭȴҲڰԼߵļʱҪȻɼ׶Լ
ÿһҵı죬еĺףÿһ׹ƶԸоռĻζ
ڳһڿٵƶţһֱʮӣŽʧ
ֻǣȴ֪еĶ˵˭Ӯˡ
ȥ鿴ս顣
ڵȣֹһʱƲŸ³صݹȥɼȴʱ̼
򶷳֮ȴѾһɽľޣȫޣϺˣ׵ѷ졣
ǺȻ䣬һϿǸ۵Ӱϣһ
ûйȥʮ֮⣬ΣκĹۿš
ҹ١ն
ԶԶȥ橵Ӱһ
ѵɱˣƲ֪ΪΣͷȻһ˿ᡣ
ĵĲûгã橻̶գʱû棬ñҲԺĿȴ¶żֵʹ࣬ɨһ̶ָ̽ʬӷзɳ
һɰںɫսеĺ¹ӣһؿڱ͸ĺߡ
橶ֽʬ޵ѷ֮Уо޽裬ʯ׷ɣҲһɴĺ£
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橲û˶˿֮һ̶һգĹŴأԼʱ֮εƽԭγһƬֱаľ޴
һУ橲żɶȥ֮лһĺɫӰ
ߺãƲŸҶǱصףʬЦԼǲʬˡ
Щʬ壬ڱ˻ûκεôǶȴǳĴرߵʬ壬ɶԷӦ򾳽磬ܣǽһǿİ֣¹ӵĵȼͣûʥżҲа˼
ܿ죬½˲ˣ鿴ãҲĬĬȥ
ҲûͣǶȥ
һη˴飬άɺͶάһ߼ʥά³ʥŮ֮ʧһ£ҪǺͶ½ΪʥŮʲô顣
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ȷʵˣʱʥŮһɽУʹùһķ֣ɽеһУŴԼ壬Ƥͨ죬ǻţһ֮£ǷĴԼ壬Ѿ沼˰а
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ΪʲôΪʲôƫƫʱͻƣΪʲôѵ㲻ȥѵ֮Ϊʲôʹֵİţʱͷ·һ˺ڼŮаʥŮʣ
橷ǳɻ֮Ϊû½ˣԭǵʱͺ¹ӵūΪ൱΢һЩ߶ѰѶԷɱ
ȴɹĽūɱˣ橶ɱ¹ӵʱѾоΪͻˣҴﵽһ۷壬߶ս֮壬ɹĽɱ֮ȫá
ڣĻ֮£Զĳ˼ףȴͻȻͻơ
Ҳ˵ж֮ѾСȼӵףһӴﵽ弶Ѿ൱мˡ
橲û˶죬ԸоԼں񻹲һӵһۣģļǵһӵӰ
ӵӰƺǺ¹ӲͬǲԼɱˣԼӣӦˡ
ȴ޴𣬸ЩìܣԷȻҪԼ壬ΪβԼ֮գ˻ᣬǿԼΪأ
Ҳʮȷ¶˾Ǹ¹ӵūΪڴ򶷵ʱǸūѾ׿ڳˡ
һȷǸԼӣǵлѣ


356 ˭
ʥŮ橸֪Ǹ壬Ҫӡ
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ܵʧŷعǣ̤С
άﰲ·͵ȺʱˣɫηĶ橣ʥŮˣɻˣܷҵ׷ʲô飿
橳ĬƬ̲ŵǿǱ붷½ͼɱңѾɱˣ
ԭˣʥŮ£ɱ֮ʬȴˣߵİ˼ʥά³
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ѾѰˣʿûκεϢҿǶǺʥŮˣӶˣʥŮ˷ģѾɱۡΧˣάˣ󲿷ֶѾץסѺֻʣ¹ħʦѧԺδֻǣҪ˭Σֱܵˣߴάﰲٴ̽
֪֮͢Ĺϵ͢ȴҲȫӽ͢͢ڽ̣Σְ񣬴Ӧڲãֱ
ȴһ֣ڲͬѺ˵ĺҪɽ͢ϸƣȻ֤иȨֱʱ֪ܲͨ͢ãۺ赣ģ
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˶ά֮⣬ǻ󲮾㿴˭ʣ
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ʥŮĬƬ̣û
άﰲŵʱҲûкʵѡûҪбȽϸߵΪУ򣬸޷򣬼ҶܽɱˣСУȴûһﵽʥģ
飬ʱȷһţðʱȷѡ֮ίΣط͢˵
άﰲüͷİȻҪģ޷ԣֻܵ˵ͷɺܿ뵽һ⣺ʥŮˣ֪飬ɲ
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˵꣬ȥһӰգգ֮䣬˹Ժ֮ڡ
ʲôˣ˹пҲвٸ֣һֱӴն룬ʱʹ
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仰ɲˣŵ˷׷׹ڵأںʥŮ¡
˹峤˹ϴλʥϻæʩ񣬾ͽӭ˴֮ڡ
橶˵ֵǰ޽ϻ򿪣ݵ˹ϵǰɷңѽ˭
˹͵֪ά飬˵һѾηǱӣǴǴ½򼶱ĸʥŮս֮ǰǲϴѹʹǵ˶ͬĩС
ʥŮأǾʹŶԷпѾɱˡ
ͷӿˮ˹ϲΡΡڽһֱеҵѵ׿ʱ棬Ǹ̽鲻ԷΪֱڣҲȷΪ˭һһǸϵ˵üŮӾƣʱǸ˴ﹺլԺǸھסңʥŮӦҲˣ
˵ʱͬһ¥Ǹˣʥ߸һͷţڷŮӵˣԼԼάﰲԼ˵顣
Ǵˣ˹ȷ


357 Ѱ
֪ںδٴʵ
ҲڿʥŮһͬǰӾ
橵˵ͷڷɶ
һ̣ӾϷ
ûһˣ˹϶ʱɵˡ
δ
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ûҵƣ˵һ٣󷴶ϵѯʷϺʥŮ嵽׷ʲô顣
˹ֻҵƣ̸Ҳ޴̸
ʥŮȴҲʹ֮̽ȷʵûзˣûзǸơ
ֻǣ˴ȥʱ򣬰ݵĸȴŭĶ˹ŭϲѵ㻹ɱҵǸŮٽʥŮ֣ȥǱ˵üŮɣȻ˵òûаϵǰȴԶҵŮŮһӵĹѸɣ
գٷۣȻʥŮһ
ʲôûаϵʥŮһ
ݵĸʵʥŮ£֪½飬˹һֱȥūŮ
ʲôȥǵŮ϶ʱˣʥŮԼ˵٣Լ޻
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ʥŮȴ¶ĺ棬һ֮ǰ鶼˵һ飬һսô£
ĸ׵˵ͷȴŭӷϣڲͬⰲݺƵĻ£ҪɱƣƱ֮룬׷ƵʱĳȴˣץסյڲΧռħͼɱ˵ü壬֪мƣŷɱƣʱ˲ʱٻʥŮǸʱӦҲɣ
ԷΪʥ۷壬п򾳽磬һλʥƽȻǸң˺üǧˣҲˣŽǸ˸ǿˣ
Ľ֮ʥŮͷ϶Ĭˣ֮ǰţڲ֪ԭķ顣
˵˵ңݵĶǶФ˶ڻ֮УǲĲңǱ˵ȥ壬˻ԸǣǸʱڱ뽫ͬһɱǣǱϾĸˣۿԼŮٱɱΪ˾Ůһʹڰ֣
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˹գһͷ󣬿µİĸףæ˵Ҳ˵ŮģֻǻŮƣһЩϵΪʱ͸˵լԺŮھסĵطҿǾ£ûݺ˭
ҪݺƣһҪݺ˵ü壬ʥŮΪ˵üû˿ϵңҲƺŮҲûйϵǷҪֳȥƣʥŮţȥѯάﰲ̣ʱжټҪɱƣӶ׷ɱҪǱ˵üƴѾɱˣݵĸš
˹һ飬ʱȷʵҲȥƣ˹ȴûˣԣܿ˵ʥŮ˵ʥŮ£죬Ȼ˵Ĳ٣ǣ˹岢ûв룬˵Ļʵ
ʥŮüͷ˵ü飬ʣֻҪ飬ȴ˴˵ü֮ìˣķҵӷ
˹ȴе⣺ǼҵǸԪ棬Ӧ߼ʥɣʲôܽˣһܻĲǿңΪʲôƸոմӱ˵ü룬ǼԪԪĳҾˣôɵ飿ҿǵǸңһưйᣬǸҵģ
ô֪䲻ʱΪ׷ƶߣǶǿģǸʱڵĳˣڴ֮ǰͳֵģѵڵĳһǱڶ½ˣǸʱΪʲôɱǲˣĸ׷һ
ϱʵȴȽϿ˹ϵĻ˵ƻ˵Ԫġҡ֮йϵųƴǸҡԸ˵ü壬Ǳһ֮꣬йҲǲܡ


358 ã۹
ֻ뷨ֺסţǱ˵üŮΪҪ˵üˣ
Ԫĳңʲôϵ
ѵԪһ¹ϵѵǼϣӶԼ
ѵ񽣵ҪԼࣿ
ҲԣֻҪԼ塢¹кıΪʲôʱҪԼ֮󣬲Լɱˣʱ¹ӵūҲ׿ڳϣҩµģ񽣵ˡ
ҪԼ࣬Լĺ¹ӵĶֵ˭
ԽԽңеɻԽ࣬橾ԽҪƣʸΪó˹ϲû˵ѣؽõסլȻھסôƿ϶һЩ΢Ĺϵ
ԼԼо飬пһĹȴץס
ȫϵȣѪҺԾȳȣˣ˭ҪΪõİɣʥŮԺУֳƵףؼģпܣҵ㣬һжˮʯһҪҳ
橲˵ʱţʱĿʱɻʱɱʮ㣬ŵûһ˸˵
þã橲ųһ飬һˮʯƵϢҪǵ֪ͨңҲɱһССĳʥ򣬻ڲôˣУǼҵǸˣǵҲȥң񽣣˵˴ģʱȻԸǵģ
лʥŮˣ˵˹л
˹գͷȴһһЩ£Ϊ˹Уǻһģ飬ֻ֪ԣԥҪҪʥŮһάļıʲôϵʱƽͱ˹ҲҪصά帲
ȴѾٴοڣΪʿǿı˵ʿϣǿϽָ͢½İְλʱаΣպܲ͢ʹּ
˵֮źͷһͬȥ
˵ˣһĭ˹Ϸš
һ̣ƵӰĵĳˣ΢ıһϢŻĳһڽ˵Ǹı䲻ڵġˡȥˣ飬ͺܺðˡ
橾ԲԼʲôģΪ¹ӵÿǺӹ֮УŮڣ橱ܲԼ¹֮ìܣԲıԼʧҲ㹻ĽˣΪ˶ʥŮ׷񽣵飬Ϊ˶ܺ¹ӺõĻɱ
լԺ飬ھ͸ˡ
ϸ֮Ρ
ֱ֮šװİ硱ĳ˹͢ǰ
ͻȻ֣Ȼ󲨡
죬˶֪ʥŮѰƵģ뵽ȴͻȻˡ
ȼ۶Ƶǰ
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仰úάﰲʱԭء
ƺûߵĴ㣬Žƽӵ˽֮͢ڡ
̰칫ңʥŮ橵˫絶һĶƣҪж꣬Ҷɼױ¶Էһ񣬶ܰŹ¡
ȻҲװŶͷðΡΡ̺֮ʥŮ
һֱƵάﰲǺͿʥŮ˽ţҲһЩơ
ƣ⼸ȥˣΪβӰ㸮ϸǿһˣάﰲʳɻ
̴ˣ㻹ǲǵãϴʱһãÿС檵ħޣû뿪֮ҾͷǺڸңøϵɢȥˣҴŷ͵͵˳ǣҪɱҰҸоǶõϢǳǿرǵǸˣһۣҶҪˣҲŸ͵͵ݵĸĸ˵ǿԱңҾˣƽ͵
ģάﰲһЩš
·ϣǸŮˣһֱûзң԰ץʣ
ƵĻ橺άﰲĺ棬˷·ŻȻӡ
ʥŮһֻۣоһɴԼǰһΣȻա
ǸŮںδ
ڸҴȥҵľ롣
ŷſ˺ܿһϷͣ£ָϣ橾ͿǸ̷Ů
̽һֱ֣ӴȺ֮нŮ㵽գٴλӶʹŮƣ·һ˹һ䷿
Ůɫ԰ףսսĶ橣мҪʲôΪʲôץҵǲã۹Ĺ£
Ůҽܣͷȴһã۹Ĺɣǲã۹ˣ
ȴûκεľȣ쳣䣺֪˭ңǲҪɱˣ
Ů˿ƣŽϳϳһ˿мô˭ħ޸ңֻһССӾȫдȨ
仰һụ̫̂лˡ
ŮһϣǽԼͿƲΪжˡ
ʲô飬ȻٴδؽϵĶµģ


359 ʥŮ
Ůɫһ䣬·£ǶλݣʹҲһЩʣ˲ͻָҲ˵ʲô
橵˵ͷֻҪ㣬ūѾˣ
ʲôܣŮòƽ飬˾κˣܣҸжսױīڸΪǶ
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Ůƽ޲ȴٴλˣ㣿ɱǣɱǣ㲻ɱǣ
ɲţԼĸūīڣڶ½Բܱɱʹ橶ܡ
ǳĲҲǷǳǣҲֻΪԼĸīڴɱʥŮӶȴôҲû뵽ʥŮɱԼĸīڡ
ʵɣīѾϣµĶֻȴ֪Ǻʲôϵ񽣣ǴӺζʥŮĻû˿ĸ飬ǳƽ
ŮգȴȻ̱ڵأ˫ӿˮȻ䣬̧ͷɱҸ磿ɱһӣͲҸɱ㣿
㸸ΣҹһССү֮ӣҶ¶ˣ˵һӣ̫Ҳɱ󣡡橵˫ͷų˱ɱڸʵ飬Ҿһɱ
˵䣬ǿƥƣ·һɽһ㣬ѹŮϣŮһҲҲͨ죬Ӷ͹бơ
ŮܲסˣѵĿ˵ң˵
ȫʧ
ŮŴƬ̣Žī¶ľ˵һ顣
橽ҧأɫŷŭ֪Լɱˣԩģȫ֪飬άɺͶάԪӦûû֮Ҳְɣ
¶֮ˣ񽣵˺ͺ¹֮䣬ȷʵûκεϵԼһ£͸˷ˡ
΢΢һȻ޷⿪֮£ǾȰ񽣵ԣֽĿƵϣǱԱ˵ʹ͵غһ
ؽǲģϢ
ؽҲ֪װͿɼ׵ı֮УûκεĲʹҲֱ治١
Ԫ׷һ죬˭һģǲԪĳңƬլԺ˭ģϵ˹̻ħ橽ʵ
ʥŮ£˵鰡һӣģ֪˵ü˲ϲңҲԸ⽫ݼ޸ң˵˵üҪɱңҲ֪ЩԣҾңһ˵ֻҪҰΪʦͰҽ飬ҾʹӦˡ֮ͽլԺĵˣһħ˵ʦӵԺ󻹻ʹĽҡӭ׵һ죬˵üΪһЩСҪɱңʥŮ£Щ飬еĽʲôϵ𣿡
橵ĿûκεĲȴڰ֮ǰĲ²ǶԵģԪĳӦһǰ½ˣ˼Ȼͱ˵ԪϽӦþϵˣ˿񽣾ͲǳԶ½ܵЩе˺ҲûʲôԵǵˣʹҲԪǸңܲҲһֽ˰ɣ
Σ񽣵ˣҪԣٴƽʵô˵ԪĳˣʦǸΪʦˣ
ƼæҡͷֻǴӦˣ˵ҳ֮ʦǽҵĻҲͲ֮ˣԺҲٰˣһʱ䣬ҸûмҪȻҲᱻС׷ŵ
˵䣬ֺݺݵĶŮ
Ů·ҲࣺȻ֪һīһȥ㣿
ΪɵȻûʽʦǸʦȴڸһֿϢħҸӦ׷֮ˣĻص
һһ𣬷һ㡣
˼ֵţ֪ȫϵȣʱ䣬ܴﵽʥǺεȵĿֲ
κһ֣ˣ¶Ҫͽͷģ򣬼ҲһֱҪɱơ
գͨάﰲҲƵˣɱƵļ壬ҲѾǰˡ
΢΢̾Ϣһٴʵ֪֪Ǹʦʲôˣ
ҡҡͷҾͼһ棬඼ûпģźɫĶңʱ򣬱˶ֲһ˿ԿʱҾͺ֣ʦΪһܸߣ
һ˵橾͸ӿ϶ˣĺˣһƵʦһЩɣҪԼģҲпǴˡ
һ뵽ֻ¶˫橣ٴαǿҵɱ⣬ѾȫĽƸƶٸ̩ɽѹƺĥϵշѹһ㣬лæģʥŮңôˣ
ģԼʹãı飬࣬Ҳ֪Ƿ޹ĽɱˣǸʦԶĲٳˡ
ջѹڳĬжơ


360 Ůβ
ȴûп橵۾ÿһĿԣƶɽеǰḡֳǺǵӡ
ȻҪĻ橿Լ顣
Ҳ˺ܳһʱūʱί£Ǻװġ
þã橲³һ仰㵱ȫϵȣ
סˣŸ̧ۿ橣ô֪
ԱߵĵŮҲһ㵣ȫϵĸ֣ҲΪ𾪡
½˶֪֪ʲôӽ쿪ʼ뿪ǰ벽ǣҲţҾ飡
ΪʲôҲ˵˻Ů
ôΪһ֮һὫǣԽ͵ĸϣ
ˣ㲻Ҳһ߰ɣҲһЩ뷨³橵ĿģҪԼǸĪСʦ
橶Ƶ۾Լѡ񣡡
֪޷׵ĴʥŮԼĻɣֻܵ˵ͷֻȴڰ뿪ǾͲ뿪ﲻһ
Ȼָָ̧ܷܷ֮ðɫһ֮£ûƺŮڣ뿪ˣסҪ뿪ǣҲҪµӡ
Ƶ˵ͷתȥȴҲ֪һǹȥˣԼΣˡ
Ůֺݺݵĵһۣ㡭
գû˵ƣҲһͬȥˡ
Ǹߣάﰲ˽ʥŮˣ
ᣬţ
ˣ˵Ǹƣϣܽ͢ԺԽ͢мİ
ҹ۲һʱ䣬ĳţҪôԶŶ½Ҫ뿪ǣͱҪΪ͢ãڱ֮ǰҪǸʦؽˣ橵Ŀٴ˸˺⡣

뿪֮󣬾ʹ㷵Ӿ˺ܳһ·ŤͷȥŮȴһֱڸԼͣΪʲôң
Ůɻ󣺡ȫϵȣ
ô㲻ţʲôϵƶҪɱԼŮˣûһøС
Ůüͷƺ˺ܴƵģðɣǸ֮ǰҰ㿴̫ˣСħ޵⣡
Ҫڸˣƴ̤ȥ
Ůȴڸš
ͣҲ̤ͣҲ̤
һ֮£ٴת㵽Ҫʲô
Ůͷһ·ҵģʲô£
һЩƣֱڷɶ𣬿ٵԼӾƮȥ
Ůٶһ㲻Ҳ
ӾϷʱƳסˣ¶ʮŭ⣺ôң
ô͸ˣþܵ𣿡Ůˣ
ҵĸۡӭ㣡
ûе㸮ۡڿС
Ҳҵģַҵգưǰ˵Ҳ˳
ʲôգ۹һ˵ա
ŭãջǳһεĵ˵ͷ˷ϣ̧ͷŮñһֱŰɣ
˵꣬ƾ˷
һŮˣţһ飬ϵδ
Ҫƿţ̤˷䡣
ֻҪӦҸҿø٣ôŮӵʵĿġ
Ʒסˣ˳䣬̧ͷ˿ŮЦӦ㣬٣ڻû취Աɣ˵ʥŮʲôʱŭģɱҲɱˣ
仰ڣŮɫһʹɲŵĻصҴԲᱻɱģʹūɱҴҲܱɱԣ㾡ܷľǣ
ƿŮȷɫסˣΪʲôô϶
Ҿǿ϶ҴԲԣʥŮ飬Ҳ͵˽ˣҰöɱˣ򣬼ʹʥŮҲԵֿҸ׷ɱǽ̻ʣŮɫŭ
üͷȴ˰¯ϵɨǸεĺɫף׵ͷˣ˵Ļǿ϶ˣѵǸ¹û棿ˣܰڵĻʥŮ϶ֵᷢġ
ô㲻ţһ飬ҸľҸˣôⱾеľͻԶʧڣţȻȽ֤ҸûʥŮ̫Сǻıֶˣ
Ů˵䣬жһˮһ˿޵Ĳɫâ
ˣƾ֪Ů˵ѣȴûԷٴ̤뷿䣬ֽŹˣڴϣ˫
Ůˣһ¶εɫûߣƵķϣ°ͣˮ򣬴˵İһﲻ
еƣȴ˰¯֮ڣվںɫĿһ࣬ͷˡ


361 Ź֮
ɫοף沼ããķģƿԸо̺֮һ΢
ǿױԴǿͷųġ
۷Ѿ൱ڶˣȵҲ񼶱ֻôһ㡣
ȷʵĿױĻ
ǣʥŮȷʵ򾳽磬бȻҲ򼶱һǿйʹƲףҲܽ˸
Ϊ֤ǷˣֻǷѾˣƵ𣬽ͷ
ڿ֮ϣȼգ֮Уǲϵıųɫ壬ͼֿ
ţѵױʥŮӡˣưһûֹͣķա
ûйãǰɫβУȫʧ̶ײڻ
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Ǹ¹ӣֻͷȴһЩȴûѪֻǰȥˡ
ֵǣ¹ӻһЩ΢겨һ޵İ֮
ܸ֮Ӧȫƾ԰¯ƿأ¯֮еκһϸСı䶯ֻҪԸ⣬ĸӦ
򣬼ʹƴﵽ弶ʥ򾳽磬Ҳ¹ӻϢǰûп׵İ򾳽綼͸׸Ӧ
ӦþͨĳһĹֹ֮һЩϵӦһ״̬ͦһأ˵ΪٴǣͦǾǱˣưһ
Ժ¹֮ǰʥŮʹһֹϵħӡ͸ףʴź¹ӵĲʶûƽߣʹɻ𽫷ӡƳ¹ǲָܻģĽҲȻһ
ͬŮˮľһ㣬ޣʱɢ
ţƵǾ¶ЦݣΪ״̬ʺƳΪĿˣԵŹ֮һһһ̴˵꣬ȫںϴ˵ʶôһ͵ûа㷴ūˣҲֲˡ
Ҫǣ¹ƺҲǰ֮
֮ǰþŹеļʥսƾɼ֮Ϣ˺Ѳһ˶֣֮ͺױһۿ
¹ȴһȫȫںϣ˵¹Ǻ¹ӣŮˮеľʧ˾Բ֪¹Ѿһˡ
뵽ħʹŰ¯˵صףк˰¯·ر𣬷Ů޷
еľŹѾˣ˵ԪԼ˵üλϣͱ˵Ԫū͡
¹ᦣʼõ߹ڣùطʼںϣ¹ӱ൱ڴһΪѵõʶ״̬ԣѡ
ʣƵ˱άɺͶάڶά³άʥ۷壬ά³˵ãǿǰ˼ʥ
˵ʱֱΣʺƣƳּʱ˰¯ʹú֮ζ˯ʶҲһֱûѣͬһ״̬
˻ʶȽƼʹзӾǣȴû취þŹʳڻǿĻһһķŹпܱɡ
ԣֻ޾֮ǳ˼еǵĻǣһĿܣӶþŹ֧䡣
ǣԺҪΪǾͺˣǾŹľǲп
ȻҲһôǾֻҪŹҲǧˡ
˵ƣƱƣǧ𣬲ϵӿǵĴԣ·һɫУϵǵԺȥ
ԼӹһɳƴżѹĻǣڴӶ˵ŭĻͽǵĻǸˡ
꼫ధɱ𽫻ȼմҲ룬üΪŹеϣϱĲлһһ£׳ͬʱҲںǵļ䡣
ڶάɺͶά³˵ѾˣĻʶһᱻ
ֱռ˶˵ʬ壬ƴһ֮޸˶˵˿ڣڶĿ£ָ˫кڹһţָǱĿ
ˣƵǰ
Ƶ˵ͷŹˣѾȫˡ
˵ԪǱ˵üĸʥڣ߹Ǻ¹ӣ˹ǶάɣŹǶά³
Ÿʥ򾳽磬ŹԭвлȫôǵΪͬԭһǿֻʱҲ̫ܡ
ھŹά³ǰ˼ʥ򣬵Źֻܷӳʥ򾳽硣
ɵ߼ʥ˵ԪͬҲֻǶҪҪܳһʱʱ䡣
Ѿ㹻Լʵˡ


362 ʬ
˼Ƭ̣ƾ뿪ᦣֿʼµᦣƵٶҪ࣬ϵ󣬿ɶǶ½ģҪ½ձõöࡣ
˰˸֮󣬾ͷֱָ˳ȥ֮İ˹
ǰ˸ᦣ治κεĻǡɽѪûаȴȶǣƬ½ʼռЩɱūʬͻǣȻԼúͻˣʲôʱƳ飬ҪκεĲϣҲԽΪ𣬶ǵΪҲȻмƾΪҲܿʥ򣡡ƷԸ
лˣٴεл
סһҪСģԶǣΪ򼶱ǿߣȥǳأرǶЩӽǶʬȥ򣬸յǿʬͻǣ߹ʱڴ֮¹ӵںϾˣ
ŹͷӦ𣬱˵صףǱжȥ뿪˹ǡ
ٴƳһᦣǸīڵĺ¹ӵū˽ȥ
һǿߵʬ壬Ȼһ𣬵ֻҪʬںˣԺٶӼ㹻֧֣ȫƳ򼶱飬ʱƾ͵ӵһ򼶱İˣ֣ʱ̶Ҫϵģģ
ԣһƾԼǰڵİ֮ľ뵽ʬ֮С
ƿȫϵȵģ֮Ҳȸ򵽵һ
İ֮ΪƣͬԴ֮
СƵ֮ʼһһķֽīڵʬ壬Ȼ֮С
򼶱ʬ壬ҲͲôһ㣬ԣƷֽǳĻҪһĳʥڵֱӵᦣԼܸ㶨ˡ
ļţֱƸоڵ֮һЩֹ֧֣ͣʱֻֽһָͷٶȣҪϵʱ䡣
һɣīھͽᦺ϶Ϊһ֮໥ĻûҲ˵൱һ߼ֻƵĵһκʶܡս
Ҳһ߼һͬţһ뾲ڤļ
գŮϵĴţҲںţƣ㿪ţ飡
Ƶı۾ôûߣ
һֱڣҪ飬飬ֻ֪ҽȥ˰˵䣬ŮͽŸƿˡ
ݵĶ
Ŀ⿴Һòãҳе̰̰棬ŮӼǳıŮӷ񶼻ԭµģŮЩƵĿơ
û뵽ŮȻƱһ棬һ뵽ΪһħޱҪɱԼַŭ㵱ʱҪɱҵʱôûô룿ڸҳȥȥ
ôΪңҶѾǸˣ˵ҲҪɱ㰡㻹ҪôҸ㣬ʥŮ͹͢ԲʵʵĴȥģǻ뷽跨ĽƣΪ͢񣬳Ϊ͢Ŀܣ򣬹͢Ըɱ㣬ҲԲżɳȥܾģֻбŮŭ
գ˼ŮȻԵɶͰǰһԴԼݵ͵һЩѪ˵ĻȴҲһЩǹǿ㲻үŮ𣿡
ǿҲǹϲңӷΪֹʲôԣŮ˫ֲָֻ˸̬߰ԲͦظԵøͦΡ
㻹ҪҼԲΪ飬һܴӦ㣬ʥŮɱ㣬ȴʱɱңԺίȫֻҪܻȥҶðգԣ뿪ҵӾƺһ
Сֹһۣû뿪˵ҿԭ֪ȻǷһΣͻỹһΣϴҪħޣԺҶȻһΣʱ㳶ƽˣƣûбһӶȥǣʹȥˣҲǴ粽У
˵Щֹ뿪Ƶķ䣬̤ȥ
ֻȴ֪Ȼû뿪ԼӾйһңҲԼļңѵùˡ
粽УֻҪʱҵܴ粽Уһҽȫʱصٻٴα˫ۡ
ͬʱŹҲѾɢ½ĸ½ʬͻǣҪ½ߵĶ࣬дĸ߽ūȥԷѻɽʬǿѨ
ԣŹٶޱȣ̵£Ź½˳飬ţʹʥ֮壬ǵƾԼĻǣѾȫĴﵽʥ򾳽ˣټϽΪᦵĸñʥ򷢻ӳԭеս


363 Ѷ
ҪǣŹѾӵӴţÿһ߶ϵʥ򼶱Ŀܣֻʱƶӡ
½ʥ򼶱ߵģʬǶŹӵص׻ٳˣûκԣֻս顣
һŹսɾͿǰǿˡ
͢һʥŮȷά޹֮ͽάﰲάЩץ˷ˣҵһᣬά屻ˣöά˿֪ͨĹ
άҲϵάɣֻεĴѰҡ
½ľƣҲ𽥵ȶ
գۣ˸£άɺͶάڶά³Ȼ˶ά壬˲ûȥ͢ݻʥŮάﰲȴȥݻ˶ˣ̸ãŻһԹ
ֻȴû֪ڵĶˣѾǵǸˡ
ţ˵üļūᱻΪоͶ˶ά壬Ϊ˶άߵĸס֡
ƲģάɿһҪӣò˵ʲô⣬ߣʲô飬Ϳ԰Žˡ
ţҲ˱仯˵üʥϱ˵öޣμʥδļǸոսΪʥĿĶľͬһոտʥ򲻾õ
ˣͨշѾż۷ħʦǰЩӰʹ񵤣ɹ
ߴ壬Ѿڱƿֻʣʥʿ¼˹塣
ѾΪǣѾвӣȦÿһʱ䶼ͳһȻѾҪԼԿˣ֮󣬾ͽѾΪЩˡ
ΪƷ֣Ȧʹ̫࣬һ˵ǲӰ죬Ժ׽ٵʱ򣬻᲻˶ħ˵ԣҲҴ⣬ֻҪշһЩǿĴͿˣʣµ飬ٹˡ
뼸еЩСֱ֮ìܣҲѾ֪Щ飬ֻ֮Աǣᡣ
ڵѾ˭붯ܶˡ
īڵʬ壬ѾȫƳɹ϶Ϊһҳȥȥˣɴ֮꣬һԵ飬Ҳ˴ﵽ˵
һգ߹Ϣĵƹڵأˣ
ɣƴŶԷں˺¹ӻǵ߹Ҳʽں¹ӵϸͥУһװᦡ
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ڵ߹ѾǺ¹Ӻ߹ں壬Ʋ²⣬Ǻ¹ӵ׵Ҳ뿴еĲͬ
ʵ˵׼ȷһЩ¹Ǻ¹ӣûʲô仯ֻǶ߹ʶңΪ¹ӵһһԸ񣬶ûз̫ı仯
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¹߹Ľ壬ɻǸ۰ԼļˣҲܷĵĹġ
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ͨļ䣬Ʒǿɲֻǹ͢һҶ󣬻һڰ͢⻹о塢ħ壬ԼССɰǧ塣
ǶиԵ໥֮䣬ͬ΢ǿһЩУӵģ򼶱Ķܶ࣬ʥǿһץһѡ
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ã۹У͢ķֵ࣬еʱԽȨԼȻһЩ밵ڽ͢Լϡ
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۶ôˣһЩħ
ҲΪʲô͢Уӵħļ˾һ
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364 ǳͼ
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ֻǵֶڷֲΪȻ˵ʱ򣬻Ǵһ
ڲ˵ԼδֻܵȴԺֶŽ⿪ţȻֶԲΪʲôһɻ
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ĵǼ֮Ҫɹ뿪½ҪβܰʥŮơ
ǲֶ⣬ʱ̺ͨ˾ħ飬֪ͨǵĸֹԼ
Ϊ򿪵ʱһ죬һ֮ͬء
ʹǸײҲڴһ˵Ⱥ
ֻ˷ŲĵʥŮ橣ڷֲδ֮󣬻᲻ֱӽٴɱ
Ȼûвֶƿֱӽ¯Ҹ֮棬׵Ķࡣ
˼Ƭ̣ƲŵʥŮʱһҺͲֶСһͬ뿪ֳ΢һЩʱ䣬Ͼʱһ죡
һʥŮҪǵһ̲Żȥأֶʵ
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Ƶ˵ͷһЩǣʹӣΣļ˲һΪ˵͢ԼһУҪԼŬ
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˲ֶ֮󣬺ܿ͸ˣﳤôȥ˭֪ʥŮ᲻ͻȻˣ
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ģַ˹ʶռеķͼ϶ͼ
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ģͽһľ磬ͼһЩˡ
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ʹʱˣǸʥŮ϶һߵģ׼ûУ
ǣȫžžһ죬һεƱɢˡ
ֶˣͷȴһ͸оƺȻһˮޣӦǺüˮޣӴѹͷ·ӴħԼԺ


365 Ĵʥ
ѽ㣡
ֶŵûæ˳ȥиǾһ
סˣæϢǺǰ¶ԼʵΪģرȡʥŮڵ֮͸СĽ
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ٴֱ࣬ʱƲһЩ֣ԼûħˣΪȴ񹦣֪ʶռûзͼ
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Ȼ磬ʥŮ橵ľѾƺͲֶͬʱգڵĹȥ
ǰĹ㳡Ǵ֮أһɼǿİɫֱ֣ǧ׵ľ롣
ڴһֶ࣬ɻĶƣȴҲѯʲô
ޱĶƣѯʵƣҸһᣬҪôǸʦһУҪôֻܸȥǣңҲҪ
ʥŮ£ܲܲҪʦ飿Һһͼһ棬棬Ȼ͸ҲħǣȴûаʦֻһԸԣ飬һ㶼ûȤ˵⻰ԵúΡ
ʥŮ壺ǴԶڶ½ˣ
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366 ʦ
橵ͷȴ͵һǰ˫۾ôһЩϤңƵķŭĿ⣬ԼȻûκεŭ𣬷оһС
˲䣬橱㽫һ˶ľĸоĵָ˵Į˵δ㣬Լѡ񣡡
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ţħ֫ŵأȫʥȵ˵صףܵЩʥʿֱӳࡣ
ֶҲû뵽ţħ֣֪ţħΪʲôҪ͢ḷ́ȴףǸᣬһ̾;ҪɱƣûƣǸ޷ͨ뿪
ţħգ̧ţ㣬ٿˣʥѾʧˣ̵ֻʣºάﰲħţҲǿѪ
ţħԣѴƸң
άﰲΡΡŭһɱ͢Ị̇
ȥģҺҶ죿ţħ̧ӣ׼άﰲ˹ȥ
άﰲŵɫ԰ףħٴαһʥĹֽԼ
䣡
һûάﰲţţֽ£ǹڱãħȸѣͬһʱ䣬άﰲϾͳһɫĿף˿ͬͷ­Ҳһͬסˡ
ʥףֶͷһǹ͢ĿףƷ
һάﰲУѾһѩؽؽâţһӾ޿֮Уӭţħţ㡣

ǿ׹ţȻ͵
άﰲҲڷɶ𣬴ա
벻ǣ·Ȼ˸һɫĺ⣬˺һ㣬ؿھʹ˹ȥ

άﰲ֪ɫĹâǺȴһּΣյĸоʶľͼеؽֵ
ǣ߼һֱ̣ĹâȻ˲ת䣬Ϸ


367 
άﰲ̧ͷȥţȴѾˣؿϡ
䣡
άﰲɳףײ˹ϷǸ޴Ůϣ涨ӡ
ͷ·ֽһ㣬û˿á
ǲɫĹϼٴĶͷϼֹͣȴһͷŲɫâĳǹΪʥ׵ǹûǰ
˿·ǹ޷άﰲס
άﰲҲӦˣŷɵðҵĵôôСˣ֪Լʥ׻壬ôһǹǹΪر𣿾Ȼû˲ٿأĪǺţģ
ɻʱ򣬺Ȼ͸оһȣԺ֮кһ
һ̣άﰲ͸оԴ·ըһ㣺䣡
ܴ𣬺ȻԼԺȼգʶ󱻻һƬ𺣣Ǳ˲ջ٣޷ؾۣʶҲ𽥼
ãҪ֪ͨʥŮˣһ̣Ȼƾһ˿֮ʥŮѶ顣
ţʶû֪׹䣬ſ˵档
ǰǹҲ֮ʧ
˶ûпάﰲڵʱ򣬴ӵصȴһӰ͸άﰲͷǱǹ΢С϶ûάﰲԺ֮С
İ̵ʬ壬Ҳʧ˾޿ӵ֮С
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ﱾûˣԡάﰲֿڿնԶȥȴһȣħţʹ˴ƣʹȥǣҲӲ˹׷ɱ
һǹ˵ܵˣάﰲܣҲǸûļ
ߣƴֶͽӸ˲ֶͺţ

׷ɱĺˣ򼶱ٶȣ˲Ϣǧ֮䣬ʹﵽǧ֮⣬ֻ橿弶򣬶Ǹĺȴֻǿ֮Ϊ
ҲƵǸᦺ϶Ϊһīڡ
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һɫᦸˣ𣬾Ȼûܰƥ
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橼֮ʱȴȻסˣΪάﰲ˴Ѷ飬Ȼǳش顣
˭橲Ҵ⣬ȴ쳤̾һſ촽³˼֣ᣬħ
һɫĲӰΪѵĴ橵ڷֳ̤֮ʱѾ򵽵İ֮ÿһڣһħǲ籾ǿֻ൱һħǰϹʱڵնʬɣȻȴͬ
ȻĴʹûĶħġ
Ӱ뿪橵һ˲䣬Ȼһ˷ܵļЦ̶һš
˶̵ʱ䣬ȴ˺Զľ룬ֻѾ˹ӡԣ׷ȥ
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ʱƸոսӹƣСţħͲֶٵʮ֮ĴĴŷȥ
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ùˣߣƻͷȥһɫĲӰſ񱩵ѹѾ˹Ͽա


368 
˵ͬʱҲڷɶǺţͲֶҲˣμٵȥ
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ս׿ǵ񼶱ķȻ޷ӳķȴҲԱˡ
ͬʱ˫ȴȻʹţħͲֶı
ֻͬܵûôǿң֮£˾ͱ˲˴֮Уױãã֡
ֻǣȴɱţսȻԱȴ޷Ľ߲̫
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һȻֱӾܵǹٴ橾ͻ˹ȥ
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һ̣橱㾪һǹ֮ϣȻȼ棬ֻ֮ģʹֱֱܷܷȼ޷
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ʱȴ˲ջزǹǰããĿռ󷨷˹ȥ
ѾˣȴҲȥû˴֮С
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Ǽ֮Ĵ˵ӵĴµģǶߵû
ѵˣյģӰӲӵˣ
Ƶ껹Ƿǳѵģɼױں橵깥Ҫ군ˣǳܲ˵ġ
Դǳоһڴ͵ĹУ͸ڣʱͺ飬ĿǱɢڿռ֮ͨС
ʹ֮һɹˣȴҲ͵ں϶ΪһˣҲܷ롣
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Щ˺ѵȴ޷ߣȥֻ·һԴпֻʣһ룬Ȼ꣬ȴʶʹ͹ȥԴҲΪ橵֫⡣
ƴˣѪħ壬ʬת󷨡
кһɤ֮ƵƼꡣ
Լͷ·Ȼһ޵׶е״ۿɼٶȾۼš
ͬʱħͲǹҲ֮ڡ
ţȫѪ⣬ͷ­ɷĩд󲿷࣬һСƺң֮С
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ҲȫıϢʹöħȻסˡ
ԸоڲдѪͬһ֮֮⣬Ѫ֮лһЩϤϢ
Ƶոջ壬ȫ࣬ٴα֫ˣֻһǱ֫ġ
ӲǷ·ɫʯͷһȻֱһֲʵŭ
ȴҲ޼£ǴƣѾһͬɢ
ֻ²ûдƵ橵Ķħȴ͵ľþδ


369 ʯͷ
橵ĶħûŪƵΪγ֪ʹõħĹǿнƳֻΪɢԻǿ󱻴֫⴫ˡ
ϤϢöħ޷ãȥ
橵ıȴҲܿӦʱûа취īڸɱÿһα飬ÿһζܸᦸԻģһ˿ƺ۶ûС
īڸĺ϶Ϊһ橵Ĵ󲿷ֹҪīѾ飬òϢܴı仯橶Ϊīڸˡ
ã橵սԽԽͣʹҲһֱ۷״̬ڶħر֮ᦾѾ֮ززˣ׵ʧ橵ĸӦ֮С
Ȼ֮˹֮ȴҲܿ챻ᦸ棬ǴһЩģҲΪר׼ղ֮橵ĹӡǣҲϣ橿Լ׷Ӷӭʱ䡣
գĿͣʼ޷ŶħĸӦģȴ޷š
ղǸһֱīڣѾˣԷƺͲһˣûκεϢϢȻͬƣȴǳơ
ôܣôܣֻһʥֻһʥ򰡣ôҴﵽ弶򣿡橲ϵİ
ȴȻѣȥҶػȡ
һ֮Ӱʧ֮Уޱȵ˴ǰһ֣ʹӴָ֮еһƣΪʥŮĴָпвٴͨƵġ
ǣ̤ϴ֮ʱȻǸɱĹˣһԼȥǸô죿ؽǻ
գǰ̾һȻʱɱԷֻԺùܵ͢ˣԷԼ뿪֮Ҳȥġ
΢˼Ǵ̤˴

˵ƣֱֽ֮Уͼǿռ֮Կȴûκεãܿʧȥ֪
оٴؾ֮󣬾ͷԼѾһµ硣
ͬһ޴¶㳡Լڹ㳡еһ֮УվŲˣĿȴۼԼϡ
Ѳӵĳ˧Ϊζڿңɻȴһϳ˲ֶ
ڲֶԣмѹʮˣȻţħҲڲֶԡ
ͼ˵ͼŲʱȴȻˤһͷž͸оԼһѣ
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ǣ̥ŵرȻѾԣҪץȥٺ٣

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ʸУܵǿӰ죬ٶҲȸһ㣬ʸƿա
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ǰ֪ʶ˵ռݰٷ֮ʮֻ֪࣬ͨռİٷ֮ġ
ͬˣȻӵ񣬿ɾҪ֪ĶˣеһЩΪǿˣƿռ䣬ð塣

һצˣᣬҪռ伫ȹ̵Ĵ½бѣҪͨħʹֽʬתٸԭˡ
ȴһԪӤߣѪȫ֮УɢȥֻڵңΪԪӤҲͬࡣ
ԪӤڣƾͿ»Σȥȡ˵ʬ壬οвǹħ
ֻǿԻɣܻԭر£ܻԭˣ򣬶Ϊ˺Ĺ
𡭡
ţħһŭȻ󵽰֮ߣ޴ţЩƵ˾˹ȥ
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Ƽˣ֪ţħҲѾԼˣ鼱֮£ҲˣڵϾ


370 ӱ
ƾ͵ţħ֮¡
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ߣվһƽ۵ˣҲͬɻĹۿšʯͷʧĵص㡣

˦˴󲿷ˣ۵ȴɽ׷ᣬˣ˫̥һʹùһʹð֮һٷУһֱչƵÿһ˲ƾ붼ӳĸӦΧ
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ڵƣɱʥ߼磬ңһΡ֮ǰӽǿٴΡ󡱵Ļпܾͻﵽ򾳽磬Ҫر
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һ󹷷ơ
ƶȥһͷһɵĺڹʮ׵ĵط˫۾ضԼͣķš
СڣʲôأһŮӵ崿ӰҲ˺ڹԣֻǵԷƵʱȴɵһ¶˼ʹࣺ˭ôѸճӤӵûİ
˵䣬Ҳ첽ǰ̤߲˹Ϲ˹ȥ
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Ůͨɫ˿·ֻС壬ҲߡüĿ㣬ׯһˡ
ԣҲûйĵģ˫ͯ桱Ĵ۾Ůӣûܡ
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ɰް۾ˮ飬СڣǸϿؼңŮ˵ţԾ𣬾˺ڹϣڹϵԾԶһСȥ
Ʊ뿪룬ŮӱȥһǼ£Ϊڵ治ʺϵܣ򣬿϶ᱻ˵
ܿ죬ƾͱ˴һլԺһԺţһ˵ôֳȥժȥˣȥˣţ㻳ôһӤ


371 һ
ɽǲ԰ģҲ֪˭ҶĺӣСڷֵأݣ˴Ӻڹ̤ȥ
ӿ˿ڹڹŤͷŮ
ʲôӰһɽȪ֣һʮߵ¹ʹӭֻǵ˻е֮Ҳɴ˫ۣȵ˭ҵĺӣ
Ҳ֪ҺСڿʱǹϵأˣɽȥһЩţҲ֪ͺӱˣ᲻˹ĵ
ɽ˵ͷȥˡ
ŮЦ۾ྫһ㶼Ӥ
ǰҿ⺢ӵʱ⺢ӻڴأСڽеôףûпޣӹǣӦþų˵üͷǴҲû˵˭кӳѲɲǴģ
ô죿㿴ûʲô֮ĶŮգգ۾
ҡҡͷҿʱǹأ治֪˭ôģѺˣȻĶûС
кŮ
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˵䣬˾ȥݣƷ˴ϣһЩƥƾͰʵʵ
ƣҲûһԣôĶŸ˺ŮֺŮͦƯ˵ǼҲΪһͷں㷢Ʈڱɫĳȹżǰӵϣϸ֫ļˮ˫ͫһɢž˵
˰а̾һңŮΪҲͣȻﵽ߼ħʦľ硣
˵᲻ĸūҵĺӣ֮רӵǲ԰ȥԺǼҵĺӣôͿһóأŮ˼ʵ
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Ҫ˵ͣ˲һʹ󣬵ǣĿȴƸжҲӳ졣
˺Ӻûкӵ
ţҿиܵˣֻǣԺҪ߾ˣСɰЦһ˵ţŮָ̧ܷܷššƵ
Ʋһ㷭˰ۣԼȻСɰˡ
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ԣԣ˺ó󣬲Ҫӵģڻҡţٴι
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СԣԽƨ
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ʲô޻ϸӦһǾżħʦôֵǣû˵һĸˣһܱıẰħʦأûѵֽƱ˻
Թԣꣿͷȣ꣬½ꣿųǲɣ嶼ûܱôã
ιƣ۶Է˵ʲôҲſˡ
ŽƷ˴ϡ
һڿʼҪνƵˣǱ٣Լ򸾶˺¶ġ
Ů׽˵ԺҲܶһܵܡƺҲ뷨޶һֱҪһкǸ˵Ķûжڼƣеʹ͡
գɽ¶˾ģȻȥΪٸǼǣ˵ĺӣҲû˭֪
ţԺǾͰСһﵱԼĶСһ˵òãԺǾĸ׺ĸˣ˿Ц
һ׺ĸĸ֣СüͷǰиĸϧԵһͬиĸȴֻɢֻ游½ͨڣ滹ҪһԸĸ
޶˵ͷǺɫģɴ˰һǣԺҪԣ


372 ûˮ
ԥʱȻһ󹷷žһŮӵȣʶҰҷͣҰĹ
ķ޶գͽø˽Ů֮С
ɽǼҵù˵һɫ³ȹŮӡ
Ůŷ٣һЩΣһ˫ۣ촦ѩ¶һ룬ظĹţɼϸˮǽεɧдģ·λڽҡš
ֱĵ˹Ůһݣ㿴еǣеӤ֮ʱ¶˾ȣ˭ҵĺӣ
ɽüͷ壬˵Ǽҵĺӣôˣ
ǼҵģܰɣϸһŵģҲûͦŶӰѾͷİɣһûˣ˵ħʦѧԺѧôѧҲӣ
һ˻ʱŭӣ
ģŮӵûŭǰȥʹ㽫ƽӹ
ȴ͵غˣûнƸ
ѾͷұĵŮһץס˰ƵĲƥͶȥڻУҡ
Ƶ˫ȴڶǾ޴ġֻŮڻζ֮УǲƺҲڲţŮӽƵ棬ƿĸӦ뵯
˵ɽ񵽵⺢ӰūҵĺӣĻΥģ˵ҲҪǣأŮȻ۰ƣ˵ȴܲζ
壬Ǽҵ黹òܣѺӸңԼĺӣһЩľҪȥơ
ɩӣ˵ôҲǺ㣬ô㻹ҳ⺢ӣҶ౧ᡣɩӵҲƭңǿǼҺȻֶôһӣȥǶܲõģҲʮ˰ɣϴҸǼôӷƲǿǴ壬Լ޸ĶӣǿźܴĺôģŮȻͷڶƣȴ˵ɽһġ
ҲޣԺ㲻ҪǼˣܾŤȥ˿
ӷƲǺʲôã˼ȻûȥħѧԺ飬ȴδļ̳ˣ޸ԺǲķˣǶٸأùÿΪã
ɽƺҲ⣬˵壬ҲˣѾͷһѧϰħʱҲ̸飬ԺʱǼֻͣ飬ûа취Ӧ
ɩӣҲҶ죬˼ҼӷƲҲ˵ˣһֱڿҪҪضȥأʱǼҵǼʮĶأҲҪ˼ҼӷƲĲҵˣ
Ůӱ˵ȥȴȻһ
뾪
֪ʲôʱ۵С֣ȻǿŮӵ죬ֵС֣ȻסŮǹĹĵأң鶼¶˳Сǲ֪ʲôʱȥһ
ֵĸоĵĽܵˣֻоȫһ˵ϵĴ̼ʹһ㽫Ƹ˳ȥ
˼һĻҲɵˡ
ƲŶ
һ߶Ǹ첲ֲ֪ʮûǾȻԼǿ˱˵죬ң֪ȥҪԵġ
ǹϹ죬Ҳʹһ£һС¶ѣֻһĨص˿ʲô֣ûС
ôһǣһȻֱӾȫ¶ˣһҲ¶룬ǿǷ˶ޱȡ
һĻ˶ˣ뽫ŲȴƵСץĻرǹؾǲ֣СҧĽȻûиоݣȴ룬תȫ
⺢ӣûˮƽʱķɧǴʱһЩ죬رСƻʹţɵǰݡ
벻˼ά֪ǹѵֻΪƶˣҪԶѡ
ɽֻǿһۣΪ˱ӣŤͷȥ
ҲһЩεȥƽӵ˻ѵղι㣬ôԣСƤ
Żæ·ϵĺҲܿɢȥɩӣȻȥˣǼǿҪϵģҲҵֻһģ
˵ţתȥǶˣҲûа취ȥͻӤƶеζ
ֻճţ㿩Цĸ׵ߣšƵСһֲ㲻ţأԭԡ
Ļû˵ȥϾﻹһˣʹǸףȴ֪ԼǸֿ֮ЦСǼҵľǣȻˣýۣ
һ㶼ԼġػڻУ΢΢ҡΣԽԽϲ
ɽȴüͷ⺢ӱ忴ˣ¾Ͳôˣһ߼ӷƲģ㣬㻹ǸϽѧԺɣ
üͷǣǼҵĵأ⺢ӣ
޶˾ƣһʱ䣬Ҳ֪Ǻá
ɽȻǴȴֻϵҲ˸оϮλ磬Ѿݺܵ͵ļˣҲΪܲ˼еԲŴа
գڻǾȻѾƼˣǾͲˣʹܵǼΪԼĺӣƾоݣΪūֻūȴͬԼĺӣȡӡ֮˵飬ٿԱӡһ
ɽĸŮʱúչƣȥǵңܲѰһЩ
ǵոպ·뵽һǳҪ飬æڴھ޵ƱץסƵȣ˵Сһ򣬽һ춼ûɣҲû򴲣ǸԱ
ĿĻͷѾ߹ģأֱۣȥȥȻ˼ڣǶ͵͵Ƴˡ
ȴģȻͷֵܷܷ˵ƵСƵôأۣ
񰡣쳤̾ᣬʲôʱ䵽ⲽأȻһСһˡ
ȫΪҵ徲ʺ㳤вĸмȻûаʲôæȴϧ˳ҽ鷳Ǿòˡ
գҲûܽưѳʧıƣ뿪ңȥ˳
ȻС壬ȴûмūҲ³
ûǲΪûгԶ񲻰ţ̣ǲǷҪĸſϳأ뵽ƳԽظһĻ
Ҳ֪⺢һ㶼ˣһ춼ûпһôҲҪˣͷˣԼ֪ҪԵˣȥ̴󣬱Ǻźˣ
Ŷֱƻңƣֳ˳ԼظƵΪʲôҲûˮأѵֻ˺ӵŮˮ𣿡
һһЦڤ˼ӣջûбסЦͣ
Цɴ˫ȵСһ˵ĻȻЦңǲǣ
ű죬ȴɴааġͯ桱Ц⡣
ЦЦƨɣûкߣǸӤĿĻ
ȻЦݣͷĻﹰ˹һ㡣
СһĿҵĻ˵Ļ˷ְܵƱˡ
Ѿͷʲôң͸ѧȥһۡ
ǲҪܻȵˣҾߣƣһЩʧ˵˵ĻȻţһ
ôܻޣտڲԡ
ˣСʱϲ˯Ŵϰɣ⺢Ӿǹԣһ㶼˲ģСʱԶˣ
С죬ššƵߣٴƨɣҿ˯
ȻûҡƱ㱻ķ䣬߼ħʦĸﵽҲûеġ
û˯Ǵһȹڴϣͨڤϰ
ƣԡ
ɴ˫ۣƴӣмֻҸ֮еˡ
ԼҲȥǡ
ģƵǾ¶˼Ц⣬С΢΢ſҸ֮УɢŨ֮ʹĿ·һƮıǿ֮С
Ѿȵڤڣ֪ı仯ֻǸоȻǿˣӻԾƺûͻƵƿҲʼɶ
СʱһֱҹƲű˿ڣȴȻʧͨ΢΢Ĵ˳ȥţԺ䣬һƬ֮ء
һ̧֣ɫĹâ˸Ųͳǰ
ˣûиоκε⡣
С㡱΢΢ͷٷذɣνͣԼ취ʱұϵϵ
ˣڿԶε䣬ʧҹĻ֮С
֮ͨǰһΪѾﵽ߼ʥľ磬Ҫ˶ãȫĻָ
߲Ȼأʹ֮
Ʋʱȡһ񵤣ֻȴɢˣʹþͨ΢΢ĺ촽ĿУڡ
ûйãһɾ֮һ͵˫ϾǾϲеľͻˣﵽ˰˼ħʦľ磿
ͻˣ˫ȭ˷ܵĽüĽһһë޵ĽɫС˳
ƼһĻͷһħ壿
ֻɫС÷ǳɰֱǰĳﹷٵʵ壬ëĹͷ
ǵŤͷʱȴ˫ۿԼȻڣħʦ۾ȴܿСôҲˣǲǶˣҰ㳳ѣ


373 
˵ţͽƱ˻Уֻһ㱡ķɫ˯ȹƵĸػĲ˲䣬۾ȴڶֻɫС
ҲûеӴȥҸ㣬ֻСǽıħӴǽܣ㲻ܸ߱ӴЦΪƽš
ĶȻҲĸ˵ͻ֮Ҳһϲ֪ӷƲ֮ԴԼŮĶϱֻƯΪʮѾﵽ߼ħʦľ磬ڴﵽ˰˼ʹѧԺУҲܳƵˡ
ħ壬ȷʵԳ֮ΪħʦңҪһħʦӸ߼ʹħ鲻뿪ԺҲͨħӵȻԪء
ֻȥ˯֮Ҳջħ飬ڱƣȴƵţôô㰡Ÿо˷ܣͻǲΪأҵĸǣϧҾҪˣҪܰѧУͺˣ
ȴ˼ţС츳ΪôߣȻ񼶵츳ѹ˵ﵽʥǲΪģֻҪ㹻鵤ҩﵽ򶼲ѣǲ֪ħģǺ𽥽ġ
һҹ޻Ļ˯СʱҲʹˣֻǵ￴Ƶĵһ֮ȴһ⺢ӾȻһҹ֮䳤ôˣ
һҹȻû̫УעƵĸͷ
֮ǰֻһߣھȻˣѾȫµӤˡ
ѽСȻô죬ԶҹĻⱦĺӣֻĺӣİɣϲ˵ǽƵ׸ͣ
ĺҲóԷ⺢ĺرϺ˯ȻͻˣְǸǸ壬Ǽҵĸǣ΢ЦŰƱ˻ѯʵ˵ϲϲң
ѽףƷͯһγ
ϲɴ˫
Ƽˣ޲˵СӣӻںͷأȻ֪ħСҿ϶Ͳ뿪ˣҲҪﵽʥħƥĹңһҪ취ѧֲУ
֮㣬Ϊ뵽Ĵʥϵеİ׻׻оͰ¦𹷾ޡ
ȫĴʥܸ٣ԼĴܸĶʮޣҪĿġ
֮⣬ҲҪһʵݣǰˣ򣬱ؽܵ橺͹͢׷ɱطӤ״̬ڿҲǳһ¡
ʮȻҲģѾ³бضһЩϵ
ԵǸۣҲԽȻҲ˼ֵľأ۵ΪضܸߣԶԶĳԽһ˶ܱɱĵҲȻǳĿ¡
ĸŮ˼˿ɰȻһϲ
緹ʱڣ㲻ٳˣĸŮһ󷢳
ԥãſ˵Ҫ㸸ˣǵϸһ
ţҲģҪǰѱˣǿɾͲˣͷȥɱֻħޣŪħʯĽҾ͹Եˣ͵
һæѽҡͷСץס·ֺʹĻﹰѣ㲻ͬ⣿
ƿͰ͵˵ͷ
ɣСһĿ˵Ժ󱦱һţ治֪˭ôĺӸˣٺ٣ҿԶһĵܵܣܵܣԺ󳤴ˣýĹħʦͬѧԲԣԺܲܳΪһħʦ
Ʋ֪ɷѽҲӦˡ
򵥵һȥڶ磬ɽˣƵı仯ȻҲǷǳĳԾŮȻﵽ˰˼ħʦʱ򣬸Ϊȡ
ͬҲһϢԸƵݣһȻǷǳĻϲ
ʵⲢ֣ϮλȴûжӵˣӱԶݹһӣΪ磬Ůûм̳оλȨģܷ⣬һҲϮ
ֻŮûжӵˣΪϮľλٿԱ֤ԺŮиλֵܣӶ۸
ٲȻҲááףΪһˣҲܼϮλٸһҲĬ״̬
ɽȻҲ֪ɽӵҲɽСæ˵ֻǾ֮ͣκεʧֱӾ͸ƿһӵ֤ܵȡΪƣ̸ɽ
ڽ˵ĻȻ٣ɵҸǸӷƲȥ飬һżħʦֻΪϵļ壬ʵʹҲġ
һ˻ϲصʱȻصĹٲ
ɽӭֻ֮һ˵ˣ˾ٱū֮ӣԣ£
ɽһգɫһ飬ɽ˵֮ˣӷ˹Ҫ˭ֲʰɣңô֪ҵĶū֮ӣ


374 
ӷ˹ɫһˣֻյ˾ٱ˵ǼиոճӤǵĵ飬˽ū֮ӣҪܵģһʵ㻹Ҫִ˵ĻٸȨȥϮоݣ
Բɽһɣ˭ٱģоõССĹٲܣ
˵ͬʱҲƵ֤˳
ӷ˹æ˹ȥϸһһЩɵۣæͷүһЩᣬҲֻǵ£ǵŸʲôϿҹȥ
һﻹû˵仰֮ززˡ
ƣɽһڡ
һٴζΣֻװ˯һлͦã治˴š

˵Ǽӷ˹뿪ɽڴ֮󣬱·ߵһԣһ幫ӣֻӳȴ˸оƣһݳݳģͼѵƤȽϺڣڱһôôͻˣ
ӷ˹һЩΪѵĵӣɽҿ֤Ǻɽҹ̹ģūҵĺӣ⣿ҲûܰҲܲˣѵȥɽȥ飿
ĹƺҲ֪޷ҪЮɽˣɽҼʹҲһţʵǾλҪӷƹǿĶ࣬ȥ˼ңǻ
ӣҿˣھڼӷ˹ĵ
ڼңͷһϲûߣ
ûأСĿһ
ϵĹ¶˼Ц⣬΢΢ͷȻŲУǾģҲҼӷҪŮ˻֣ôɽֻһӰˣ
ӷ˹üͷӣɽǾżҲǰ˼˵Ҳ߼ħʦɣ
߰˾ţôһʥȫʱǸŮ˸˲֪Ū־УһһҪ취Ūһᵽ˫ȭգʹ޵ӡ

ϣƸҪ˯ˣɽ򸾺ҲѾӦ޲ֵĺúӣϲͣڴϣĸ첲ͽƸ˻ͣĸƽ£ֱơ˯šſʼڤ롣
ϰҹ޻Ǻҹͬھ޵ƺȻ˫͸е˿
ܿ죬Ժеڹֱ
߼ħ޺ڹᵽΣգʥȡ
ܿ죬ɽˣͬʱӦһɾ޴Σս١
һѽƱ˻ֱӴӴ˳ȥ
ʲôˣɽһǹŭȵ
ܿ죬һ˾ͷַԺǽѾ˾ŸˣоȻʥ
Ÿ˾ֻ¶ֻ۾Ŀгӡ
⻹һڷִ˯µ֮Ŀͷų˾޴̰ظɨš
ɱһٺȡ
ʥÿжһѳʢֱɽ
⼸ǹڹ
ɽȻ֪УȴҲŭһеǹӭȥ
Ҳˣæһħγһǽסˣмܵ뿪ڹߣ
䣬ʥĹƿɽ򸾵ķ
䣡
򸾶ͬʱ˳ȥԺǽ֮£һѪ
һЦʱˣߣߺߺߡ
ڹǰ˵ĺȮš
ŭǼӷȻҵˣ
üͷ֪һԼϢŭһɱˣ
ʣºͬʱתħУͬʱڹȥ
ɽһΪڹʱȴֺڹǰȻһ͸ֻֿ֣κε

йûһЧ
˾ͷִĻȻƮʮ磬ֻĴָСƺƶķǳȴգ֮䣬˵ϣرһΪùǻȻĿϣֱ͸·ġ󡱣

һʮͬʱǲǲ㣬Ϊ㲻··һεĴһɶ㡣
ò׿ԻָˣͼϵĻ֮ȴ޷ֱѪꡣ
Ǳˡ󡱵ĺˣһĶߣеΪײУԶ͵˹ȥ
ˣҲǸľ޾ɢȥ
þá
ɽһɿԶǲϴҵĺ
ˣô𣿲Ǹ
ɽҲԡ
û°ɣǵ
򸾶ҡҡͷɽһЩɻ󲻽⣺ղǻô£㷢ģ
ûаǽԣôܷԪأ﷢ʲôʱôˣǿʥۣ˷ܵĿԼĸס


375 
˲ǵѪҲɻз磬ղǻģ
ϣ
ɽҲ˵ͷǰȻɳȥģ
ǰͷƣȴ˫Ĵ۾ԼͷȻһСһɣ
ѽѽֺСְ˰ڣƺܲӡ
򸾶˼һĻͬʱ찡⻹Ǹòã
һЩɵۣСɣ
ưһƳһۣ㲻ٿˣȻΪò˵Ŷˡ
Сѽǿ֪Ǹ˵꣬ƣһûƳԵȥ
ĿˮʹƺܲӦС׵ģҪǱˣƻ治Ը⡣
һ·ؿȡʯĿɼƵϣԽԽϲɽȴüͷ塣
ҲѾ³ˣһǼӷƲУһ˸ǼӷƲ̳˼ӷ
˽ˣѾĵҪˡ
Ƶ÷򸾶ľǿʥۣʣµҲǸ߼ĶʿħʦȻеӤˣǱɱҪҵĽǼ˿϶ǲҵ˼㡣
ôһšӡ˱˵ǻˣʹڱ˵һ˲ˣҲҪһˡ
ܿע⵽˸ĸı仯ҲǶȥɣǰѼĶʰʰȥסǼӷƲӦò׷
ɽüͷԭǳסլԺɾܲ˼еֱϵΪķΧͼ徲ڼӷƲĵ˼ʮĶأʹ˾ס
ٻȥɽﲻ
ȴץסɽļ򣺡ɽܵǵʲô磬ﶼһ㿴Ҫæʱ򣬻˿ɿֻ侮ʯ۸ǣȥͻȥɣΪӣҲΪԼʹǣǻд𣿡
ɽĳһҲӷƲǲԼˣһĻ϶ǿĸ֣ǸʱѲɻǿеӤ
¶˾ģɽվʰǣ
˵ͷһкܿͱɨһգȫװĴָ
һڣƺͺڹںҹ뿪С
ûãӷƲоµĸ֣ȴСԺѾȥ¥ա
ӷƲеˣһҹҲǳҹߣʮֱУرǴټӷСѾûˣճ˽̿һɵĻңӷƲ֣ͼڵǻɶʧܶա
Ȼľȼգʥ޷
֮£ӷƲֻҹŶǰǣͼְӽڵһ尾˳ȥɽǿɽһӻҡ
ϴδǵǸϵأֻһʱ䣬һ˵ٶȴԶԶ·죬Žǡ
ɽһ˳ԾǣƾȻֳ࣬ͷҲ߳ʮףˣѾȫ൱һĺӵĸͷ
⣿Ҳֲ̫˰ɣҪǴңôĳȥǻ˵ãɽɴ۾һ㲻š
Ҳüͷ΢˼ſ˵ɽҪһùס£һʱٻȥ⺢Ҳôһֱȥɣĸͷȶˣٻأ
ɽ˵ͷ
һ˾ǵùһΪ˵ùݣֱӾͽһµķ⣬ʹס
ˣƵĸͷÿ춼ڳţȻԽ󣬳Խ٣ֱ֮Ƶĸͷһ׵ʱͣѾǽӽĺˡ
ȻҲڳȴѾôˡ
ƲԸ㳤󣬶Ʒ֣һֱĻԼΪ𣬸ͷԼߣôһûԭĽʵˣԣҲͲǿԼߣһȻ
ʹˣڵҲѾܵκε˵Ļˡ
һڣ춼ΧתңÿΪһߡ
֮⣬ΪȵǣƼٳԶÿһζӲţƲԵĳϼڣȴҲʹ಻ӡ
ŪÿһζƵʱ򣬾ͻóԷŻơ
ȻҲǴ˸ˣÿ춼ܱ˯Ȼʱɶ˻ȴҲһζ
Щ죬ҲԼֿռ˸ͨ͸Լ׶ٵĵռ֮ң긲ǷΧ֮С˲ơ
Ȼ˷ܲѣһڳǿı
һºܿȥҲˣ߲ԣһűǰɽҡ
·ϣ￴еƣɽʵСһѾôˣȥңҪνͣ
ɽȴһЦõģ˵ԼĺӾˣʱҿûиǣǼж󣡡
ŷ
ɽһռĶ޴ۡɽһֻ֣ǲҵĸۡȴǺţɽͨСţֱӾͷ˶ǰסСԺ


376 δɷ
֮ǺΪһѾﵽ򾳽ڣֻһ㲻¶棬СֱҲټʲô֪ڲû취ϮȥԣҲֻǲǴһȵϮ
ҵĹҲǷǳӵģͷϵֱϵʮ߰˴ĶУҶǸΪڡ
ɽСԺ䷿ӵĺԺסŵļֵܣʰһ֮ɽʹӡŮƣһͬȥĴ磬Ӿ庣
ɽһֵܣ壬ԭ丸ӾӾλȴֻĴ庣̳Уλֵ˸Ϯо
Ҳϵλ𽥵ݼĹ涨
ܣĺӣ庣ɽмƣĿ࣬һӾ֮Ҳ¶˼־ϲûԡ⣬ûвꣿ
ûУѾˣһλҲȥõǰæϴһ£飬ôæɽЦơ
ʱƣڻͺƨһǲԸⱻﱧˡ
ϴ񣿡庣ɫһ˿ƣܣӦֻ֪ҵѪʸȥõģ
ɽ˵ͷѾ⺢Ϊóϴ񣬶⺢ӵĽкôԣ飬㿴ܲܰæ볤ͨһ£
⣿庣¶Ϊ֮ɫջǵ˵ͷֻܰ˵˵Ͼ̺ӵ飬Ѿ֪ˣңҲһؼ꣬¶ͨ
󲮣ĺˣܵһͨģЦ
庣δȴɽ̬⺢ΪǾ͵Ĭ⺢Ůˣ൱Ϊһδɷֻڻ֪ˡ
庣ҲһǿɰģҲ¶΢Цܡãҷģ庣޵㣬ֻҪֱϵǼֵܱңҾӦûʲô⣡

ֵܶһᣬɽʹһ˷ԼļС
ڶһ磬ɽĴ庣ˣɫҲ˼ϲãõһλѾͬΪƽˣֻҪͨͿԽʥ۷峤ϴ
ɽҲ˷ܣƣһͬǰҵá
ãҵĸǰȻܽùλģףңΪʥ򼶱
һ͵Ժ䣬ǰʮŷݣҲΪׯصĵطõҵļλϣʥϾ硣
庣ͬ£һͬǰԺҲв˳ݼеĳ
ƿһ䷿ݣ氵޹⣬һ𷢵ߣ˫ֱĿżˣĿƵϡ
ɽɽһҲһͬʩ
˵ѾͷѾﵽ˰˼ˣ𷢳ޱĿ
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㵱ãԺңٴһ
ɽһ㶣庣·ȻΪ˳ˣԼĴеĳԼӣΪɷ˵Ժҵԭ
һʮܴﵽ˼ħʦΪʥûʲôѶȣرҸ֪ħһħ¦𹷣ұͼΪӵģҲΪˣҵ˿ɲֹһҪɽңң֮ҲֻѡһѪԶӳס
ɽǵȴҸһ֮£Ů뿪ҡ
ƺҲеԵɣľͿ˻еƣ˫оǾȣԺΪҵɷ
һĻɽԥˣһ˽ƣ𿴻еĺӣʥ򶼱˺ǽҲǳ֮ԼҵŮôһɷҲδɡ
飬˵׼һ⺢ӲԸô죿ԼŮ᲻ͬ⣿
ɽΪ⺢Ӳһɣ⺢ֻƽӹ֮ҲϣԼ޸һӶɥʧħ츳ٴοˡ
ɽһԣųһƣ˽ߵǰ
ƲԷôУǶԷղŵĻȴһЩգʲôзΪʲôҳɷɥʧħ츳
ûĺ⡣
߿ƣһЩЦݣӣң
գգۣ˶Է
ܿ죬͸оԷкֳһֻɫĹΣţԼԺŲơ
֣˶Է⣬ûڶԷľиӦ⣬ԱɶԷԼʶռ䡣
һֻС׹ĴʶռеһУʱȴԺеͼѾ߹ģķͼ˰Ĳǹħ


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ĽߣƵ۾ôоû˿ľ֮󣬶е죬ͻļӴ˾ע룬֮ʶռе׹ĳѹҲ¶
ǣƵıûʲô仯
֮У׹ѾʮףƻѽѽĲ£˿ѹûС
еļ˶гԾǿ׽ߵһģΪֱӵľ塣
ȴһɡ
ﲻҲԽԽͣǰ׹ٵ˰׵ĸ߶ȣ¶˰ɭɭķȮ׳֫ϣצ˸ź⣬¿š
ƻûа㶯
׹ߴﵽ׵ĸ߶֮߼û˿ķӦˣѵɵӣûãֲռյģʲôûУûһ˿ľ
ɣ⺢ɵӣ庣һЩȵʵ
ҵܵôɵӣڣ㷢ȫɣһЩԼ۰С˵ɵӣһ뵽ʥƸһԾ˵˺ݻ
𷢵ΪûƸߣֻʥףƻĸȼѹǲ˲֪ƵԺп䡢ˣʥͼвħͲǹܱߵħ壿
˵ɵӣƸʹ죬ԾͽΪСҸոе״ķŸͷųˡ
Ҳһ˲䣬ߵɫ˲䣬Դһֻоǰһǽ֮ϣµܣԲܣ
һͻȻı仯һЩҲɻĶŽߡ
þã߲Ż͹һ˫𾪵Ķƣʵɽ⺢񵽵ģ
ǼҹϵСһֵģɽʵص
ϵϵﶼܼı߲ΡΡ˫֣ĻнӹƣԲŻ˭һӶڹϵʹūļͥҲܣΪ⺢ӵͷųĵѹ
ɻˣղţô°
üͷ飬ǲ֪ɽϸ˵˵⺢ӵ飬һ㶼
⣿ɽԥˣѡʵ˵㿴źж󣿡
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һ£ǷʱŸոճһߣڹϵһº󣬾ͳˣ˲ô˵֮⣬ѾԱıˣңڼʱ򣬼ӷƲͼɱǷ򸾣ʥͺüλ߰˼Ķʿ⺢Ӹһѻˣ
ʲôʥ򣿡庣𾪵һʱ
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˵ţֽ͸ȥ
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ýȺУһʯͷݣŽգҵĽأֻиػõһЩʥ򳤱ˡ
ĴǰһڣСҪ
ûκεĻǴȴĳˡ
ǰɽ󣬵⸸Ůȴǳļ֪ҵλڣƽκ˶޷ģرǽǧûʲô̤
Ҳ֪ʲôͷ
̤뷿ţһͷϷڰ޹⣬ȴ˫һǺڰ޹񷶥ϣȻһ¦𹷵ͼһſǳưͬһ޴Ĺޡ
ʱ˵ˣڣǷʥˣ
ԭյĴ֮УȻ˽⣬⼱ᣬûһΣ𷢽üƽ֣Ͳһˣ塣
ʥ᣿ĿĶơ
ʱƣѾϢ˸̽ľΪ
ڣǴӣСռзʥ˵ĺۼ֤
δ˫ȴͷų⣬ֱƵ˫
Ƶ۾ǰĴ棬ûнǷڶԷľȴѾռУ۳һֻһĽɫ
⹷ܿɰǺܿ𾪵ĶͷǷͼ
ʧ˫ϲɫʥ
Ʋ׶ԷΪϲãɻ
˺ܿЦʵСһңʲô֣
ڣ˵һ´󣡡ɽš
ʲôһ´ôˣ˺𾪡
ɽΣֻýһ·˽ˡ
ڹϵģѵǴӹ泤ģ˳Ĭˡ
ƵĶͷߣаǹﳤġ
Ŀ⣬ȴһֱڶ컨壬ɻӡ
СһϵĶʵ
ѽѽ̧Сָ֣¦ͼָָˡ
ң֪֪ͼ飿
ѽƵ˵ͷ


378 ʥۡ
֪ǣ¦𹷼壬ȴǷʥһҪѰҷʥһҵǿ԰ܼ
ѽƶʱһϲǴ۾˷ܡ
ǴСһû뵽ȻôǼСһǲüǵĸף˷֮£ͽƱ˻
ҡҡͷĵӡ
ûϵĴʥһ۵ģǸʱҲǴ۵֮ʱһܹȥĻԻͣ˱Ƶƾͷе˷ܡ
ɻˡ
ȴٴ˵Ժͻ׵ġ
ƾ˾С죬ָָˣȻָָͷͼ̶Լָ˻һе·ߣȻɻĿⶢŽˡ
ͬɻ󲻽⣺˵ͼй
˵ͷ
֪˻ص
ָָԴȻָָԼ
вУǲһ㲻¦һĹƵͼ
ȴԸˣС죬˫ֺʵţƵԴ֮оͷųһµľѹͷϷһӴͼ
һĻѽŵóմΣҲΡΡ
ɽȻܵѹȴеĺ⡣
ãٿƣĿѾʮأһ֣ûйرյĴŸˣΡΡĽƷڵϣȴѾ˫ۺᣬ˫ȻƵǰ
ߡɽĿɿڴڶˣܻվҲ׷׹ֻȴԽ˵ķ򣬲ûи¹
ɽǰƵӵģǽƵ׵ܵܣ¹򣿴ʱĹûа취Բڡ
ˣĻˣ˵䣬¥ϷһɫĲӰںһ˾ȵǣѾһͷĽ𹷣Ʊƽ⣬ƺҳһ㡣
ƵĲУ֪ʲôԭֲ˵˿ɽŮû𹷣ǽɽˡ
Ҳûжԣָָͷ¦ͼ
𹷵˵ͷһ˸ƵԺ֮У̶һϢ¦һ˵İͼ֮⣬¦𹷻ƣˣѾˣֻһħͬƵħһ㡣
ԭˣװŲ֪ȥ
߿һɽֳ˳¦𹷣ڣ
¦»Σָ֮ɫ飬ֻ֪Ҫ˵Ķø֪ɽһҪչ˺
ڣҪҪ˰бʵ
Ҫ˵ĻɣҪ˱ʱҲˣһҰػˣǳȥɣ
źɽһͬ뿪
ֻɽȽϸӣòһӣȴƺֱڵڣԺҪԣ˵ԷԼĶ
űȥĶˣɽȴһϲҲ㲻ٶˡ

һ𷵻ؼеƣʼܻڴϣĿиոյõ¦𹷾й
ȻƵ꺣УͶһ״ţƺ𹷣ͬħһ֮ͬƾϲѡ
ĶһֱںĶɻҲϲã۾֮㼱ܵܣΪô죬ǲæģ
Ƶûбܻĵ˵ͷ
İ߽㣬㵽ôǼҹϵģУΪʲôˣ
ҡҡͷһܻش𣬵ڶ⣬޴ش
ʧƵԣְƱ˻ѵǹϵﳤģģԶҵĵܵܣԺһúõıģİɣ
֣صмЦֺһ˿ж΢΢һЦץס޽ǵļ˿ѽѽ
ǺǺǣ㲻л㣬չ˵ܵܿӦõģȻ뵽˽𷢳ڲʱһţСһԺ᲻ΪԼɷأ
ˣһƬͨ죡
һ쿪ʼƾסɲԲȣһΣû˱ˡ
ƿʼ¦𹷵İ񹦣¦ҲԽǿ
һգϢɽһƺȥˣֻҪתתֻǣճſڣȻ˼߰СָƣвͣĽлţҰӣҰӡǸҰӣ
ԭЩСƨǶԷȴиͣһЩŭ϶ǼĴ˰ŵġ
ƴ̤ǰͷеһӣһ˳һѽң
ӼˣɵԲ˿ĭĶŽҡ
Цһͷϴĺӣ֪ʲô
Է˵ͷһֱͼǰ죬ƵĽҡ
벻Ҫٴʵ
һͬͷ


379 ۴˵
ڹڵϸҿͷҾͰѽҸǣôһͷ׬һңͷҾ͸Դƣƿ˵
ԥˣһСȴһģ
ȻģȸһֻҪٿһͷҾٸһֱӾ͵ݹȥһҡ
Сӽӹ֮͹ƵǰصһͷصĿһͷ̧ۿơ
Ƶ˵ͷţԺӣҪǻͷҾٸһһͷһң
Сɫһϲֽͷ
ָҡ
ôһܲˣ׷׹Ƶǰͷ
ȻÿͷһΣƾͻᶪһöǵǰ
żÿжʮ֮Ʋ˵ˣ͵⣬´ͷҾٸǽңǼҴģǿɲ˵ҸģҪȻԺһҶҪˣ໥ල˭˵Ϳ˭ͷ׬ӵ飬ԺͲˣ
ţģһᱣܵģһĺվԼظ˵
ڸң˭ģʵ
СĺָĺӣҲˡ
ĺӿ˿еĽң˵Ǵ
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˵ӣ˵ʲôˣɻˣΪҪԼˣĿġ
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֪ɽĸףʮֵܣĲɽĴ󲮼̳УִɽҲڵļ
ŪףɽʱҪŮ޸ԼˣԼɻֻһСƨ
Ʊɽ֮飬Ժ֮УֱӾΣһռ˲ƣͳ¦ڵĴ˫ֱͬСһĴ
ܿ죬¦𹷾ֳǽˣ΢΢£
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˷·ƵĻﹴǧʹࣺȻ㲻ǵãҲ֪ô࣡
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ԣҲٴʵҪѰһ޵ʥܸ٣ҪӺδ֣
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ԭ˻ָôļ䣿ʮ˹͢ʮλŮʦҲǹ͢ռʦͨոϵԣ֪ڣҲϾǸʱңֻ¦еһߣڴǰǱ΢ֻһССľ˶ѣ
ͨľˣˣǺεȵǿ󣺡˵ʮޡĴʥ飬ǹˣ
¦𹷵˵ͷÿһ壬һ죬ʮޡʮĴʥ顢ÿһֶһȺ塢һ飬ǸʱڣڸĴ£ʥ飬ۣսǴ½ǳ棬ǺεȵĻԻͣ綼òΪǶ
˵¦𹷵ϣԺĿԵޱȣǶǸ۵ϡ
۵ʵ֮ǿƾþδ
ҪھͿԴȥҹ˵ʥ黹ǳĿնܶһ꣬ǶڵΪҲмĺô
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һ뿪ȥɢС߾Ϳˣһ֣¦𹷾Ҹ֮ңţξʧ
һ̣帮ԶĴϣߣ¦𹷣ֻǴʱ¦𹷣ѾһͨĽɫСſſһߣһ׶Сԡ֪˿ˣΪ˭ҵ͵͵ܳء


380 
һߣƻһþ¦𹷹ͨʮ׷ۣΪεɱ֮󣬻ǣ
ǲǣǵ̫࣬嶼й໥ͨ飬ǲȫɱĴʥȴǵҪ׷ɱĿ꣬һ˶ŵˣ
ǣ¦ħ飬᲻ɱ㣿
Һ¶棬ҲٻὫħ¦𹷵ӱ濴ֻǽԵħʦңʹ¶棬Ҳһỳɣϻʮ޵ˣһֵʱձֻ࣬Ĵʥ飬һĴʥǶὫɱԣƽʱòҪ¶ݣ
Ƶ˵ͷںδǷһۣ
ȻҲ棬ڣɲң

һһһģһ߸·Ҳǣûйã˹סĵط
ֻƲǣԭΪĸۡӦú¦𹷲࣬ǵȴ֣ȻһҰӵꡣ
ӵģƲ
ӵſڣһΧΧȹ긾ˣʵذӣڣ̯λǰ⻹ͦ
긾˿˿ƣƵˣСޣ˭ҵĺӣҲӵģ
һЩ
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긾˼һĻɫһЩɵĶơ
һЦк˵һѾͷտ⣬ƱЦСޣˣߣȥ
һԺ긾˽Ʊ֮󣬵ͷ˿¦𹷣ôܵˣ
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𺰵ô飬СޣôС¦¦ܵһˣ˭ҵĺӣ긾ššƵЦ
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ӹϵתǼҵĹˣ𾪡쵽˼㡣
ģǴӹϵģаһ¦𹷣ȴ̧ͷŹ򣺡ҪĹ񹦣
㣿ڷܲһ󷨡
Ѿ̽ռ俴֪ˣ¦˵
صĵ˵ͷҲƵռ䣬ǽͼֳˡ
⣿̬ٴδ䣬ȴæڵأʥˣ
ʥˣǴתռ滹зʥ飡¦𹷽͵
򻺻վ𣬿ƣĿɻȴĺˮۣˣҪΪǱ𰡣һ壬ֻʣūһˣˣȫɱѪɺӰ
δֻǾĶŶԷ
򣬿㽫İۣ¦𹷴ߴٵ
˵ͷһâûƵԺ͸Ӧһѭͼ⻹һ۽ͼ
д˹Ժ֮ǹŹͼ
żǹԽԽʥͼ˸УĶһǹ㣬˽
Ȼǹ㻹ǳİƻǸоԼƷ·ʵ࣬ʥҲ˶ǿ˲١
Ҳ֪ڲʱ˫ۣȴѾǵڶˡ
¦һֱԣһжĶۣԸȥʲôۣͨĿߣѾ֪ҪۣҪкܴ˵ģô˵˭
ƲûһΡ
ͺñڣһݱ֣ǵпܾͻȥɱ½ˣԼؽǳ
ɺܿ뵽һ⣺ȻޣΪβ໥Ľ񹦣Ȼһǽ죿
¦ҡҡͷûôߵ츳¦𹷱ѾǼˣ񹦣һþͺܲˣ
Ϊοҵ츳ܸߣƷʡ
¦𹷷˷ۣǴת˵츳߲ߣ
߸ƨҵ츳ֻŽΪչħңǵУΪʲô磿Ʊ˴ֿڡ
ӵҲиߵֵ֮ģλλλеҲֻλǸҪˣǵΪĴʥ񼶱츳ĴʥҲֻ൱־磬ΪҪĴʥȻû񣬵ȴߵսӦò࣡򿪿˵
ƳĬ˵ۺпܾ֮ϵ׾磬Ѿ൱ռǿĴ˰ɣȻǱɱˡ


381 ҪЮ
ѯʶ֪֪һЩޣ˶ҡҡͷ
Ҳûиоʧܸǣ޵ĺѾøˣر񼶸֣ԺԼߣԼʵҲǿࡣ
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¦𹷵˵ͷ˿򣺡㻹İӰɣʱ䣬㣡
ӴԺҲˣѾ˼ǧ꣬ˣӽ쿪ʼ˵ĹܼˣˣҪҪ̫ţơ
ôһЦ̤ȥ
㶣óӺúõĶһһЦҰ˰ͷٺ٣ûһмɫ
һδãֱӸһŮӶ˵Ժ͹ˣŹ뿪ˡ

ʱ帮֮Уɽһ˿ը˹Ʋˣ˭˭֪帮Ҳǲټ
ǿɺ޵ǣһֵܺͻɽļΧ
ֻһѺӵ˵ɽ飬㲻ӦҲôӦѾﵽ˰˼磬ǾԲ޵ģ
ɽΪջ𣺡ƨӵŮ͵˵㣬ǼҲУ
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˿ƣȴһҰСӳȥͲҵˣŸʲô㶯֣
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ǣһӴѹȻȺըռ䶼·
Ŵһȣҹ
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һ𷢽ӣֻоԴһһ㱻ųæڵأڣ
ܻȴҲæڵء
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386 橵ħ
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ԺУȴֳˡСơò
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ԣջ̾һ룬ҪҪȥɽ̻ʱ£ʥ⣬ԼϴһΡ
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Ұֻתתˣܸܲңʦ飿
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387 ʥŮĻ
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뵽ͷһѵҲƴģūĹ壬ﵽʥƵǺε
ԽԽĿɱɻָֻ֣˱䣬ٴΰʹΣԶĶ
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ҲƭˣУҸղŶץˣУƵСѾȥˣһץĸ·š
һЩˣ֪˵ġСʲô˼أǣ˵ġûСȴûˮ
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ƽȴŤӣҲƭңУ㲻СƳԣ㲻Сƣ
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ûУǲεĿУȻһֺίĸоһЩˡ


388 еʥĸ
ǽҳһڣûУҾͲˣòƶҪιƶԽģϺ㣬ƶϲһ˯ԺҪͽһ𣡡
ȻҲڰǵӺð椾׵Ķ࣡
Ŀɰɫ橵ͷһƺҲܲˣԥƬ̣վǵ˵ͷǽ㳢ûеĻԺͲҪԽӴ
ţƶһģ
Ž¸¶ǽ룬ƾܻӭ£һץסˣȻݺݵ˵棬СֱӾסˡ
СƵСǺġ
ȴҲûιӣȻҲ֪еĲֻͬоƵС֮£ȫȻʮִģȴ޷ѹ屾ʵ
ƵĽײ֮橵ĽԺ֮УȻģģɽ֮еһĻ
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ƺʧĿǷأ˵ͷûУΪʲôأǲǽ㲻ƶԵأ
橱һʣһεæָΧˣûУҳԵģ
˵ţ橾Ҫվ뿪
ȴҡҡͷҲϲԱ˵ģҪԽģ㲻ƶˣƶҲԱ˵ģƶҪ˯ˣ
˵ţſ橵Ļ˯ˡ
֮źȻˣЩչ˺ӵΪʲô˵СӷǳźˣԭСӵ˼άĺʹ˲һ
һ룬ӲԣҪţ
գ߳ҡ
ֻǵȣϵıڻ֮ȴסˡ
ȱڻһͼǱ͢ΪʥĸŮӣŮЦݣϴűɴ״ɼŮӵܣӵĺӣŮӵĻУҲһӤ
þã橲ŵͷ˿˯еƣͷȴڰΪν͢ȴһ˺ӵŮΪʥĸλԽ񣿼Ȼܲ飬ӻǸɾ𣿿ɽ͢ȴΪ˵ʥĸ֮壿ǣǽ͢ΪҪǱ֮壿˵֮壬޷̷񣿡
һ棬һǼ٣˳˼֮С
Ѿ˯еƣֻתҡ
ʱʱС죬ŲСˣԺȴٴθֳʥĸ󣬶ȴĽԼƿˣ¶ǹԼʥĸһأԥУͽ͵ƵĿС
һڣȻһЩʵƣͰСϣҸ
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һǰδеҸУƺѾȫİѻеĺӣԼĺӡ
һ̣˵ƣĺӣƺҲԸԼ鷿
Ƕء
橷·Ȼ࣬˴꣬Ҳ˹ۿʥĸͼʥĸ˽͢жʥĸ
ʥĸܵĺӣĺӣԼģǱ˵ģԸԼ֭ιոµ
橽һΪȻмأʥĸ֮壬һǳĲ⡣
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ѵķǳ۰ԼڲϧʧΪơ
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һ˿˿ͨУƵ֮ȴоԼѾɥʧ˼ˣ˼ˣѾ޷ȥռ橵ıˡ
ԷĸԸףԼǴо㡣
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橵ͬʥĸĴȰܷܷ֣ĸƵԴĽƸ˴ϡ
Ƶԡ
ȻԪؿٵӿ橵ڣ˯еƣȴоһǰδеʥ֮⣬橵ӿԡУ궼ƽưš
Ȼͻˣƿĸо橵ı仯һ
ȷʵͻˣȻûӣ㾭УȴͨƣʥĸͼӶ壬ĶѾȡ
ֻħȴ޷ΪȻ壬һǲʵ˳ȥ
橵Ϊһֱţ弶ֱż򣬶ȻٴͻƣԺ֮УһİɫԲ顣
橲֪ʲôȴǳԼѾȫﵽľ磬ҪһǿΪһ񣬸޷նȥħλ


389 ʥŮ
Ȼûдﵽλ񣬿ǣĸϣȴѾ־ˡ
þã橲ŤͷƣĿ⣬ͷ·ڿԼӣ̧ٴθƵԺлл㣡Ȼһ֪ʥĸ׵ĹϵǣԺһ׵ģ
Ӱ䰵󻯳⣬ʧޡ
ֹ˺һᣬһ橲ӵ߽䣬ҲЦݣƣаٺ٣Сһ㻹װʲôʱԺɽչ㣡
Ʋ֪ԼѾΪ֮ϳˡ
ֻΪ橵ķȴûиӦ
ԣ橺ܿΪαȻǿˣֻоʥĸͼι⺢ӣȻͻˡǣΪأʥĸͼǲܵ顣
ʥŮкӣȻʧȥ࣬ս͢ĹأҪģʹ͵͵ħҲ׳󣬾ͺñȱһԲʥĸͼߵΪ
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橷̾ţһƣٴֹȫԽΪȴҪңչӣѵ⺢֮ӣɣ
һƽطˣȻžҵĸӦҲ֪ȥԺô죿Ժĵ·أ
橵ĿһЩã
˿죬Ѿµһա
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ûнֱ͵ңţ㽫ƷˣСһԼȥɣ
˵꣬תȥ
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ֻǣܿͷ־Ȼ˸ԼȻʮףɿԷʲô
СӣѼӷƲĳӸˣ
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Ͳ˰ɣӷƲŮǴӵС檣Ϊ󹫻ĽǧķأһûйϵļͳΣҳ綼Ҫ󹫸ģⷽԲʮҺʹԵļ壬֤ûһк³㣬СӣȥȾƣ
˾ͼӿĽŲ
Цһԣרû˵ĵطߣѾӦԷΪˣֻżħʦҪϢǣ̫򵥲
һ˵Сͬͣ˫ֱתŶˡ
һĻúħʦסˡ
ô֣ƵСϣ¶΢Ц
˶գд׷װѵСĿʥգ
ǳ֣ƵӰͲˣһ̣ͳǵı󣬽֮һɫĹâУ˶˲ʧԭء
ûйã³֣ڶ˵ȴһˣѾﵽʥ
ˣͬʱһ
ûǣƹˣ
΢΢ͷˣӷƲʲôƻ


390 ӷƲ
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ѾˣոձԼʥ򣬾ȻСƨūͣǾԼ˵ˡ
룬һ˵Ҳֻ֪˵ӷƲҪԸңң󹫵ҲѾ»Բҵõǧأڣпܾͻ˰ɱȥշصˣҽطӷƲ
ǷӷƲ͸ǸӣǺǡЦһٴʵ󹫸мλ򣿡
˳˼Ƭ̣ջҡҡͷʮλж٣ǾͲˣ󹫵ʵǳǿ󣬴һ֧ʥɵľӣǴ۶СӣҲǲã۹ʵǰĴ󹫾
Ŷȣж٣֪פ
ҡҡͷ
Ҳûʣ˵Ϊ̫ͣһӵˣڴ󹫵ΧԱҲ֪̫࣬һһȥɣøʲôʲôȥܵĶ󹫵飡
ִУǶȥˡ
ˣһøʲôڴﵽʥпޱȼܵСǰֱ֡
ڵʵ̧棬նһǿļϣָһ첽ȥ
Ҵŵʱ׸ߵŵһرʥѹƣǲҴ⣬ȴַϵơ
ң˶֪޿ǵˣǱΪͽܣ׷׹һ񣺡ˣ
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Ŷ˵ıӰŵļ˿ʼִһʥİɣ
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ʲôħʦĻ𣬾˵ǿ𣬾ǿ߶ˣ治֪ǰǸʲô񾭣ȻŶԸ󻹲Ǳڸˣ
ţԺ˳ˣһӳͷصģûŵ򲮾ǵ񶼱ˣöʼˣҲзأ

ܵ˵ҵĴ󲿷ˣɽԼƵĿѾΪص飬ı䡣
ֻǴʱȴ֪ΣѾ٣ɽһھޡ
תһȦ֮󣬾ͽջҸ֮ңŲƶߡ
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ҪҪ
Ǹʱ򣬱ؽ˶ҪۣӶɢ͢Լ͢Լע
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ڼӷƲصǳУͬҲвľӣûأҲûЩӽҵĸı䣬εĿС
⣬ķԼǳصȨתңԼĲǱȴûС
һҲûԷڼӷƲԱߣȻ½һټׯ԰һλʥڴһ˻мʥ򼶱
ȻӣҲ֪Ҫ׵ĽַԲǧĵ̣Ҳһվܳɹġ
յ۹ǧأ㹻˽ӷƲ˽»ֹЩӣֻӼӷƲġ
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ձʥŮ֮ϴ֮ƵΪѾ˺ܴĽ߼ʥѾﵽ˾żҪ˶ãܴﵽɽˣԣʹһҲѾûʲôõĵġ
λΪˣˮʮ㣬ƤţƺӷƲе˵£һھһĿֻһǾǶԸҵˣӷƲԼŰɣ
ͷӷƲһҸĵͷǰģֻҪǰԵסҵǸһЩϺзԼܽϣǾȰʥˣ
΢΢ͷ˵ˣ¶˷أǴ㸮еЩ˽ȴҪӵʱӻѵ˽
ǰģһжӵģֻǾӹӣ˰գҲύһ룡ӷƲҲ֪ڱҪӣԼһˡ


391 Ļ
ǧأϽʮϵĳǳؾʮʹһ˰գÿҲǧĽҡ
ڼӷƲӦ֮ȴҲʳԼеɻ󣺡ǰΪι͢ȻҴӦҵѵ֮͢Ĺϵܣ
飬ʣһ㽫۾ˡ
ӷƲ֣˶뿪䣬ֻƯŮڴź
Ǹӣӷһɱ˵ְɣ
ڲȵϣٶֲ٣˽ܶҪЩĹ˺ҵʥһصʧʱһٴ鿴ǣͿٴγ֣һһĵ㣬ҵʥһ򾡣⣬֪ͨصľӼӿоٶȣ֮ڸϵӷƲ˵꣬ЦϵķⶼҲ
ӷƲеˣѾʼж
˼ӷƲߵһݵķϣһ°ͣ˼ҪβܽЩһأŹڰƾһˣһ¶һϢɾͲˣҪҪǶг󷨣
Ƚɣһᦣʣµľ׵Ķˣ¶֮ξֱʧǸڵ֮С
õķѾӷƲ˳ʱˣλòȻ֣ʱȴ˲ܵ飬֪ʲôʱѾӷƲµŮū·ǹˣһһҵıڻ
ͷͷ½ϣľָ̽
ƿ׵ĽӴԷǣҪɱԷҲҪеܴķա
ΪҪɱȻɱһоǿߵһ˲ķӦ
ǹѾƱƵԼʳָϣڶԷһŮصʱϵǹâһ˲ʹ˴˵Ժ縮Ѩ
أ
һ롣
ǿ߾һƲȻ䣬еĶŮȻֱ顣
Ǽ͵Ѫ⣬ȻֱӽƵָĺԡ
ֻǲѾԺָͷųֱʶռ䡣
ٴξһ˲ԺطȥֻҪ룬ȴоܵĿռѾԼذ޷Ųȥ
ԭڹԷͬʱҲǾûʹùɽ׳ˣɽһâټƶԿռĸãǿ߾͸ţƾʹŶԷһͬɽ֮С
ʹԷҲ룬ɽĿռ֮ԷֻҪûдﵽӵ񣬾Ͳƿڲռߡ
ƲûнԷȫջ٣ռԪռ䲻ٹָҲ뿪˶ԷĺԣС˶Էǰ
ȴ˫ֱͷҽ
ƿֻǱٹԷŻʹȴڽĵʹš
ᦵĿܺأֱɽ˸ֽˣڵգĥ
գǾܲöԷԵĻǾò΢΢ſڣһŨ֮Ŀзɳ˶Էıǿ֮Уܿ죬ʹּ࣬ȴ־Ķơ
Ϊҿһ˵ϻһ̸𲻴ӦӸҴ𸴣ƿڱӹɵһ
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һѾܳҿ˼䷱ȥΪ˭ļūǼūŴ󹫵ӲҲǼūȻԷԼΪϱȴֻҪԼΪūͣʵϵĲ𲢲Ժ˵лߡ
һĻȴɵۣ׳ȦֱӾͽĴԡ
꣡ƿһ
ͷһѵСūȦһǿߣȷʵ֪ǹ̽
գǳꡣ
ȴ˫ʼӦԷ꣬ܿͷ֣ȦǿߵȻǳС
ΪǶʿħʦһﵽѾкһ𣬾ͺɽٵĻԪӤͻںϣ٣ҲԪܴ
һȦͼܿˡ
ʹʹȦԱԷԴը飬ҲһɱԷԷԽǱκεط
һѰˣ֮ǰڻŶץһЩʹȦأȦʧȥãͲζԷˣʹԺҲҪɱ
ƲûԷɱϾ˻кܴõģһ֣׳ϰٸȦԷڵҪѨλռˡ


392 ʵ
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Ҳʹ·һƻա
Ȼգȴ˳ߣѾˡ
򼶱ǿߣӦʮеģ˿Σգǵľ
ҲûָƾһҸ֮ңסߡ
ǰһġС㡱߻Լǲۻˣƨһ꣬Ϊë򾳽磬ѵСƨôܣ
һɻ˴𰸣еƺȻʧٴγֵʱѾ˺ߵǰǾս׼һǹâֱƺߡ
ߴһ˲ƣ
𾪵ͬʱҲٶɻһ˳ǹļϡ

ǹȻƿϵмĻֻ֣˿׵ı档
һɾ޴ӿϴڣ֣ԼĿ׾ȻѳһСףŵٴΰθ߶ȥоһʲôˣ
ƸûиӦʱ䣬ǹ֣׷һ硣

ߵĿٴγһ׶
Ⱥ߷һŲɫ۵ĲʹƵԺһţײ˹ȥ
䣡
ߺ޷֮ĵ˳ȥŲǹѾ׷ˡ

һǹһޣͻϮ˫ս
ڽ֮ܵϿ׵Ĺɢ
ǣҲ׵ķӦˣбһս壡
Ƕʿɵ޷ٻ֮ȴǿ


394 ܻɱ
³֮󣬺߿оͱҰһ˻ɫ֮ٷ裬ȫڲϵըѴм󣬾֮ϣҲһĽɫƬһѽɫ޽Ҳٵγɡ

ǹյֱӻ˸ߴ׵߻š
ƳԾǣȻĽɫƬȴûܴ͸ߵ壬ڵٵؿڴ˳ƼߵٴһȣǹȻ˳ɶȥ
𣡡о޽׼ƾȥ
ֻ޽ովȴʧˡ
һ̣߾͸оͷ֮ϴһƬӰ̧ͷȥһ޴ĽɽȻͷ
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ļӷƲҲΪصľһζ֮һķݵ˴󲿷ֶ棬ҲҪķݸ
С֮һ֣ɽСУͷȥ׵ĺߵĻڵſţȫȥˡ
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ͺܼˣɽٴȥ
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գȻǸ˰ã£ֻߵǸҲ̫׿ƣԣҪ
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٣ԽǴҾԽˣ
˼ȻԿ·ɣ˵Ŀһô򵥣ֻҪܼĸ˳ɹ˻һĴ󹫣Ǻϣ̳Ҹ׵ľλ֮£ֻҪΪˣĶӦòҵκεӰ죬෴ӶҵΣõĺô
Сӣ˵ţϲ˴򽻵ˣҲָһýƣȻһᾡܵһҿԿ򾳽֮һģѧļ
һƨһ˼ǧĳ˵ļ򣬻жԷСӣ˿һЩײࡣ
޷ꣿ·Ͷģѵʲôģѧɻ


395 󹫵
Ҫķ̫ľҲ˶ӰҳΪϰǣɱ֮ɻ򣬶ңһɱ򣡡
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Ҳ˸Ĳȡ
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Ȼ˵߶ɽҲʮգҲ˵ٷ֮ٶɹ
ܿһϲΪ뵽Լƣһܱģ
оǵܣмʲô
ƾһ벻飬ǸѾ·Ҹ֮ңֱˣһС
ѾˣҪƳµᦣٶҪһλ򼶱ǿ
ǿ֮·׹ǶѻɣԲκһ¶һ޷ȫƿءҲε֪Լ̫ܣΪһ˵Ѿϵ̫ˡ
ƾʹ£ŴӲ֪ĵطͻȻֳΣںΪһµǿߣǰѾ֮˵û˿ı仯
ȥɣʺǵĵط㹻꣬ʬǣᦽΪ𣡡ƿ˵
ǣˣܻһʧԭء


396 ǹϵﳤ
һУƿ˿ԼĸͷֳһЩӦһ׶ˡ
üӷƲȴҵ˽˽ӷһңҲͳҵĹܼӶˡ
ı仯һЩãżӷƲеﶼ𽥵Ľ֮ҵ˲һʵȻһԺ
ƶһ˷ǣոմҵʱ򣬺Ȼ͸Ӧţħ
ţħСţȻҲԶȺ֮ţͷѾǾż۷ˣΪҲôѡ
ϴ㲻ҲǾż۷ţҸ㲻ôʯͷģΪô죬ǳȴֳˣ
ʲôˣѵڵҾͲͲ˧ˣһԾϣţħıϣߣң
ϴ㲻һֱҰɣţһһȥ洳أ
Ӧûһʱ䣬⣬ҿҴ٣δĽӰˣٺ٣ˣǸֶڸأ
ص۶ˣ㣬˵Ӧһδʱͻ
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Ƶ˵ͷţɷʲô飿
ĴѰ㣬ǡС㶼һֱܵ㣬㻹ǿȥɣ
ţ֪ˣ
ͷţЩڷµͷţĲһ㡣
ƲûţħϢǾż۷ʥ
ģţԺȥ
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ǰŪģ
˵þżʥħ޵Ϊ
ɣ
ҿе񣡡

ƸջصһסļԺ䣬ͷһϲΪӦɽѾﵽʥҲﵽ˾ż۷塣
ɲֻǱ˵Ŭ¦𹷵İưҲ˷һЩ񵤡
Ҳֻа˿ˣʱҲٸʹá
һ˷ڻһϲ͵ǰȥƱ˻ܵܣ¶ȥ֪ý㵣ˣˣ
ٺ٣ȥץһͷţصָָţħ
ţħʲôץһͷţĺòã
ץһͷţһԵĽɽţħԽԽľ󾪺һʥ۷壿
Ҳһʲôʥ۷壿
ڣȷˣֺݺݵƼڣܵܣôǿħţȻܱץģ
ǣҲܵʲôˣһҪȥץʥŻԼظǿɰ˵
СҪץţҾͣҾͽ磡ΪֻǿЦҲ˳ڿһЦ
ȴˣ˵ģţץʥҪأǣˣץپץ٣ôҲɣ
ֺСӣɽҲǿЦͣҲţСƨץţ˭ҵŮƵţ
ԺԣȴԲܡ
϶ûгëأ
ãСָ
ҲͬСָָһ𣬸Ե϶Цݡ
ܿ죬ƵעͼɽϣΪɽϴŵǺװüͷһ壺ˣ
ƵɻɽŽ͵ǰһʱȥˣ˵ѰһЩˣңľλˣָԺһκ̳ˣʮ꣬ߴﵽ֮Ҿͻȥλҵĺ
ҵĺȴûôںܵСүƺԺķչǰ;Ǻܴģʵʲôʱ
ҲѾȥˣߵʱҲûнʲôʱ
΢΢ͷѾ֪¦𹷳ȥʲôˣӦΪĴʥͶʮ޵飬֮󣬻ܴϢҲע⵽ҲٸУӦ÷ͷȥˡ
Ƴ˼ɽһЩӵʵǸӦýʲôߵʱǣ츸ĸǣûʸĸĸ
գ֪Ҫҿʱ˵С椳ҲǸŴүңĸĸȻҵĳˣԣЦǽСƾˣ
ģɽжһ󼤶
ҲһšһƵŬſɰС㻹еģҸ㣬ʹ㲻ҸĸҲǼҹϵﳤģǹҲҸĸֵģһݹأûǼҵĹϣܳɲ壡
ɵĻ쳤̾찡ΪɶҵôࣿΪʲô˶Ҫ˵ǹϵﳤģ
һԵţħҲǼΪԻĺЦͣ켸ѵ˶


397 ֮
ƾס֮󣬲ȻʹԼתһϢ˾ľ޵ĺᣬձô󣬴ӵ۶ǣң׻ƺҲһЩüĿ
ͷһ˷ܣֻǵ֪޺֮󣬾ЦˣľȻһ˴򾮵ū⯵ĺͬɱ޽ǽĿ
֮ͨǰ֪ͨ˾ľֳƺķɣǻԻһʱķһͼڱǾľ̶ΪΪǿľ֮һǸʱǺεȵĻԻͣ
ʥϽ˶䣬ÿ棬ӭչ׳ƺƵݡ
һҲȥ
壿
ǰһս屻նɱֻĺᱻΪūеĸռ½УİҲ˶ʧ
˵һЩѾˣĴʥһ壬ȴһʣȫɱе飬ҲȻȫɱ
ڰеȴڶ죬Լţħһͬ뿪ۡһҾƵ֮У˶¥ÿһ䷿ţƺ˽ȥ
ˣʥ򼶱ˣ⻹һоװĸ߼ʥֻǴٿ֮ȴһ£գĿʵǾ˵ģ
˵ͷ˵˲Ƶһ䰵
Էţͷ˿Եƽ˵ӴԺλǵˣλļ壬ǵļ壡
ǣ˺޷ֱӿһ
о˵ȻѾСү͵¾͸ˣ
Էû̫ƿóԷеȻҲ׶ԷӦֻĲһˡ
Ҳûжˣ뿪˾¥ֱҡ
֮У´һˣʵǽʲô֣

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΢΢ͷʼת˰ͽԺ֮еķͼͷ
˶˼һĻɫʱһæڵأ鼤£ʥʥ飬ˣ
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ôһ˵м𾪣𾪵ĲǷ˺ȸԼǷˣû뵽ȻԼӣѵԼתڤڤ֮УһŴѾƺһУǸѾ˵ļƻ
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399 
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400 ǿʵ
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˾ۼȤʵǾҲһӶô
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ƵţħţħϣɳĮ֮С
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ӣҼȥշħޣˮ߳۶ȥ

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ħ޴һ죬ֱǱڡţţ
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403 ׽
ڵƣ۵Ҳշħޣ˶׷档
ȴûħ޳̫ãܿ˰¯֮ڣȴħ޴¶Ųƶȥ
ȲһĻù۹ɻѣǰ̽ȴҲҹͣΪʹ֣ҲԸͷħޣпʥħ޵ġ
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צ֮ȷʵҪɽˣħѾʧ˵ǹ⣬̾Ժ֮Уȡ֮ɿṩİɵһצֻûгȫǰĽ˶١
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һҲһ
һɽ帽ƾͲһ󷨣Ҹ֮ҵ򶼳ˡ
Щˣÿ˶һ׵ս׳ãǿβɽģһȫնɱֻЯһռԷأȥǽӲİ׻澭ܸ٣ҽ½˽ӹ
Ʊоޣһֱԣ

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ԣƵĻոȥͷ֮ϣǹѾʧȡ֮ܲƣԽԽγһѹѹľ޴̣ռݰ
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ϵ˵Ҫ֮ܳΪ񣬿ֻҪɽ٣ɡ
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ֻǣƵȹ̣ǰģ֮ԭѾɢ޵ƣȴһƾճ֡
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׵䣬һҪϴθӿ񱩣ը


404 鱦
׽٣ƵĴʥٴڿնͷ֮Уÿһ׵磬Ǹ˸С
ν׽٣ֻΪĴʥṩӪˡ
Ƶÿһֻʥͼ󻯵ĻռݰڵĶʮ޸ȫۣԭӦöɽٵһֱѾҸ֮棬ĿľǼ׽һɹ
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ƿȺƵĻоۻƿռãƻ¯еһھźֲ˽þۻƿԶۼԪأµľǿٶȡ
ƿĵȼڳӣڲԾۼ׵Ҳǿš
Ϊµǣ׽֮е׵磬ʹżǿԣܽߣǾݵġ
ԱھƿУǻ𽥾ۼ̶γɾƿ飬ʹһֻĵ
Ƶĵڶ׽ٺܿһһΣֻÿһε׵ҪϴǿĶࡣ
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Ҳо͵ҪЩǳҪķǿĻ˵ҪǰһĶתˡ
һתһѵĸоռֻǹ㣬һǳĻ谵޹ĺҹһ㣬Ŷʮ޵ĶʮֻޣҲ޾ɵ̾ţڰеĸơ
ΪԺ֮еǸٴһЩʲôҡҡͷܸоԺ֮ƺһȴ޷ӦʲôǸƺңԶǿ֮УңԶ޷̽顣
۾ƾܵȥѭָо̽飬Ҫ֪Ǹȴһһεʧܡ
ͬʱ
޾ǿ֮УһƬ˿ǵشһ޴ʯٷУǧ򣬻գޱ߼ʵǿдУһ޴ʯҪһҪ󣬼ٷ֮£ȼ˾޴Ļ棬ʱ޿̲˶ţȴû˿Ĺ켣Ѱֻǲϵǰ
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˲վڴͷ·һɫ׽׳һЦھ
׳һһɫ༫Ϊݵĺڷˣ˫Ҳͬ¶εľϲһһǧһһʮһˣڳɹתˣ֪ںδ
˵һ࣬ҲУһλɫٵľŮӣǧɣƯͬǲĺһ㣬һɫѣ쾡µߣɫȴǳƽ촸Ǵİ鱦֮ĸӦ촸˶ҲһӦģ
ŮԻһͬľߣǸɿݵƤ⣬ͣһζƺʱᵹ£Ҳ޷𡣵˫ȴɳ˸֮ǰһУٺٺ١ɣۣ
ԣվһϷоСŮͷֻһңһ׵·ͯףĬĬת̬Ŀǿвϻе꣬ûзκε
Ƿ뿪ȥѰҴ磿ǽ׳ڼ
ŮҡҡͷûɱҲѰңֻҪػ촸ɣ
ǿյľŮз
ǺƬΪأҲΪµĵط˵Ĺ硣꣬˵飬ܽ˴ȥκһطҲվ˴ء˻ѭ촸ٻԶս裬̤ʬɽǺ׷Ѱߵټ׷ߵ֮£һһûʲô赲Ϊΰġۣ
ٺٺ١һǵģǹľٴη˵Ц

վûиоǲԺ֮еĶʲôʳһ񵤣˫ָٴǺҪҪٶһ׽٣ֱӴﵽɽ׵ľ磿Ļ൱׵ˣ
̧֣֮еľƿջơ
ʱפפضˮͬʱϢ۹ֱ˼λβɽ̽ˡ
ŶϢħޣ̽ǵһһ


405 ɱ
˫붼ܿ죬¶ǵĳλ򣬲ã۹ǵĳλ
ȫǾĽ죬ΪҲм򾳽硣
ʱ֮˫ɽٵɽͷˣȴûзκεĲԺۼ
ҲǵһˣǰΣƵҲ˵
ûиԷʲôɫһעŶԷ֮Ҳɻ
⼸ڶβɽеħԽԽ࣬ħ֮Ҳ໥ȻΪĿܡ
ȴ֪ʲôǿʵʹѱʦҲͳ켸ħޡ
Ϊµǣ뵽򣬶һһʧ꣬ǽӶŽɽ̽飬һ伣
һβɽٴη˴Ķסˡ
ǺŪôǿ֮ҲͬҲһ䶯֪˸Եĵ۹߲㡣
ҲΪʲôƴٴζɽٵԭɣתƣΪʸ֮𲡣
Щˣƻµģ˫һ弶һļҲĸмʣµһȣһˡ
ƵУһʮ򼶱Ŀܣ⻹ͷħޣࡣ
ټԼȻֻ൱ڶ򣬵ҪԷҲѡ
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һĻ˫ǴһĵرпܾǸղ׵ԭ޴ƿӣһ˲õ
ִ̰˫ĳͬʱɽŲƶȥͼƿץС
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ǺǺǡֻǿЦһûȥشǣȻˣǾ˵ذɣ
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һǵӶҲҶˣΨһӵֵӶŵĳ룬ʹҲǳǺء
ħޣβɽд֮ǵĵ۹ؾĿֻʣµһЩ߼ʥĽ죬ͨǺ͵۹ĹϢ
ã۹֪ͼȻһֱδ飬ʹ𾪣󹫣ǰȥ򣬲ǵؾѡµĳƴһս
¶ǵĵ۹ؾ֪ħҲ֮ҲܿƾٳµĳβˮӶ֮ǽˡ
ǧѷĻᣬܴ


406 ֮ս
˫۹벻ǣǺ͸¶ѡ֮ƱɵĽĸмʥ׵ˡ
ȻҲ֪еԭֻΪԼŬĽ
˹Ƶǰ˹֮ʮ򾳽ܣ󣬻а˰ʥܡ
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С䣿ô÷ҳˣˣҲ˵Ѿ˳Ѫ֮ޱȡ
ԺľţΣƻָָ˹ʮ
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ʮ˰ʥܵĹҲ֮󹫵ٻԵһЩˣζײ֮󣬱㱻
Ϊһ˵ռеơ
׼ӭеȴȻüͷɫ֮󾪣ֵĻͷȥڽ͢
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۹ѵĴٹ֮սˣȻᰵڽ͢ҵôħޣɫص
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һԭʹħԵеؾȴؾڽӵ󹫵ĴѶ֮Ҳų룬ʣһЩڲã۹ƿصľӼˣȻջȴҲ׷˳ǽ
ûˣȥٴȻ
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Ƽˣüͷٸͷɫâ˸ǹ׼һǾͻ˹ȥ

һΣ׹һνǹĹ˻ǣǹ³һ֮Ƭ֮䣬˰׹֮У˴֮ϣҲ˶ٻһ㡣
һ̣ǹֹһϣͬǻٵһ㡣
ΪΪܵ󷨣»ٵһ㣬ͲٿˣʹҲ޷Ĵ͡
󹫴ʮλϵ֮󣬰˹Ӷᦣпͣǲ
Ҳ˵˳ŮһֵͬģʮŮӣǣѾȫﵽʥΪߵȻ۷ʥѾʱԶɽˡ


407 ǽ
Ϊ֮Խ˿죬ǲ֪֮⣬ڸķ޹
Ǳ󣡡ƿһ
Ů׷׵ͷеʮŮոԵķλ˴ܵķ֮ϣ׷׳ɽ˫ֽӡ˲ͽ㼯գγһ޽
ÿռ֮ŮͷգΧԼߣһѾ޽󣬽Ůɵİ׾޽ӰԼľ޽֮ڣеҲ֮ע롣
ŮĺϣͬԴעڣǾ޽ٴֱǧףֱֻƱһһǣ
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ؼ䣬Ϊѽٷ֮£֮дһİ׺ۣգ֮䣬󹫵ǰ
Сģ
Եٺһ֮󣬷׷װγ׼ǰľ޽˹ȥ

ʮӰײʹþ޽֮ϣ΢ͣƬ̣ҲС࣬ȴٴǰ塣
֮

ҷ絶

һʱ䣬󹫵ˣ׷ʹ˳ǿħ𵶡С
ڣ޽ʮ֣ǲ׵
ƵɫƽĬھָӡ³һ޺ۣһףǣɱ

ľ޽Ȼʧһһ䣬ͳ󹫵˵ͷһ߽Ȼ䡣
ÿһѾ޽ǧףɽƾս٣󹫵˲ǣ߰ѽƺռ䶼ˣһֿк
һѽ󹫵ͷ
󹫴ʱѾɫȻٺһɱ
ɱֳ֣󹫵ͷͷɳһѹ񽣡

񽣾ȻУֱ䣬ƵĵһѽȴҲ˶ɢǹ㣬ʮܡ
ŵڶѽˡ
һ͵ֿȴա
ѡİѡ
սâʧֻƵǰѵı壬ߵȴȫһĴˡ
Ψ󹫺Ϊĸߵ㡣
ʱȴЩǹѾΪܼҲΣޱȣƺǱǳ֣ԭܵķݽҲȫʧ
󣡡Ũü塣
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ȻҲˡ

ӵ˸ְϣһײ
ܵĽƺһҲͣЪһһʹ󹫵ˣֻܽأ޷
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ҲûžôɱΪڹӮȡʱ䣬öԸмĸ߼ʥ
Ѿƣ޷ͣ˰ٸ߼֮ʥܺʮ֮ܣֻܹгǿ֮
һγͽʥսӸиˣÿʥܴһʮÿ˶Ըһˡ
ʥֻһҪôһɱҪôֱɡ
īΪֻһֱӾһ߼ʥ򣬻һź˸߼ʥգ֮䣬ֳӰʥȴˣ¶Цһʥ
һ˰ʥֹܱʥϵɱʮ
ÿһ䣬мʥʧԽԽɣӣ󹫵ʥѾȫʧǣ󸽽ȴûһʬ塣
ЩܲûţɶȥһƬ·һźѹѹŲƣ˱ǽʱס󹫵ܣͲһ硣
û󣬸ûֻΧø߼͵ᦣֿ󹫵˵Ĺ
ǲɱѾȡʥЩʥмսףܵǿֿ޷ȫԵУֻȽǸɱ֮󣬲ܹ󹫵ˡ
һɣͬڵ֮ڣһС磬һڵ硣
󹫵֮󣬸޷ƿҲγȥİ취
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ЩСǰ˹ųȥģȼߣʥ֮£ȴɱɱ֮󣬺ܿиʵʵĹЧȴѾΪ˵󹫵޷һָ
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԰ڡ
ʱ󹫵ѾȫĽ˫սһΡ͢ͲϣɱԼһΪԼ͢Ľܣпǹ۹ĴרɱԼġ


408 Ů
Ѷʹ۴Ѷ˵밵ڽ͢ᣡ󹫿һ
ߵһ˵ͷ֮еһѶ顣
ڽ֮ڣҪǰ㴫Ѷܣǣ󱬴Ѷ飬ǾһˣѶ̺һѶϢӽ
ȻҲֻͬһ½Ͻ̫ԶѶϢ޷ˣֻöԷ֪﷢顣
ƣʱŮ죬⼸ҲǵһûбƷųסҸ֮У֪ŮĴڡ
ҪҪɽ٣ƿ
ȴ󣺡𣿡
İɣڣһܣʹˣҲһһɱ
Ҫȥɽ٣¿ȥǳеĶɽٳ
ɣһ׽٣Ǻܼ򵥵ģһղһ˸֪﷢ʲô飡
ŵ˵ͷ
ŮһĽ
֮Ůɢȥڹ㳡ܣͲһȫʶ̽ߵǽڡ
У΢΢̧ͷ죬һֱѹƵƿʼͿʼӿǣԭǬû谵ޱȣĩ١
һĻı仯ʹ˫Ӷ쳣̧ͷ죬֪ԡ
ûзգ̤ڴ֮ϣֻǽħͷ˸ı仯
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ħ˷ʶռ䣬ʼյܡ
ʥ츳֮СС׽٣ֻΪṩһɳ
Ҳʼ˱仯ȫԡڻУƺƤʼƤ̶ø񣬸ӽ׹⻬Ƿ˿ͷ·һ͹⣬ޱȡ
ŮΧ£Ľޱȡ
Ůǵ֮Ĵ㡣
ʵ˵ٶҲﵽмʥļʮŮӣƽΪҲʥס
ȴˣҲѾﵽʥ򾳽硣
µʥ򣬿˵ǱȱȽǣһʥΪЩˣﵽʥ򼶱
ѩõʲУҲﵽʥס
ʱСħŮԩҶͷ£ȻԺͣ˺ýãƺߣǹϲȴ˵С磬Ժ󲻻ỹǹҸ֮棬ǳɣ
ƿ˿ŮȴУϣһǰһŮɽôһȴǵһͶԵŮ
ֻϧôȷʵЩӦϤĺѸˣǴߣҸ֮Ҳϣܹߵľ磬ҲΪǵİȫ롣
ǣʻȴ뵽һ⣬ʮòŮӣ½Уĸ֮ŮܸԸԶĴҸ֮
һ죬Ҫġ
뵽΢΢һЦԸԸһ𣬰ɽ
ʲôԸģ˵ɽΪȥҲûϵǽõɶǱȵģû㣬Ҳܻڣʹ½񼶣Ҳ˶½ˣص
ɨһЩŮӣĿ뵱ڤ񸮵ҶԣҶҲѾ࣬ΪƵҲɥʧ֮ģٿƵĿ⣬ࡣ
ںǲץصǧƵĿһЩӣֱӡ
Ľѩ˼֮ףãһֱû¶ȴԸ񲻱䣬Թĵһۡ
̲һãƺѾٷֿˣƵĿƽеĸҲѾѹˣͷ·Լһ㡣
ȵŮ
ûаƵˣûаƵ߲ʵ飬ǵУƿԿУ֪֮С
һĻƵҲǳů
һ֣ħħڵѪɷȵҲ˳ЩˣҲʥ
Ѫɷ֮ͬϲʦͽŪˣûʲôͽģ
ƲûлشԽЩˣԽҪĵȥ֮ǰкָңѾɢˡ
գֽҺ͹˷˳
½Ļ壬һֱûɱǣǵΪֻ߼ĶʿѾԶԶı˦
˶һƣ׷üͷ˷кܴĳޡ
˷ǣҲʹʲôˣûңҲʱˣڣҽ㶪ȥҲɣƸ̾һ
һƵĻһã
ԸΪԺԼңԸ⣬ھͿԷ뿪ӴԺǵ޹أʵҿԸǣǵ棬Ӧʱڣ͢ЩĺǲչҲһЩԨԴҲĵط֮ҾͲ˵ˣЩҲ˲٣ƵĿʮƽĶŶˡ


409 
ҵûʲôķӦǹ˷Ŀȴɴųޣһ˵ڿƣ´ϲȻ˵뿪ɣ
ԣֻ³֣һ֣ͽ˷ӳ˴֮⡣
ֻǣʱ֮⣬ѾۼʿЩħ׷ɱˣۼͼͨ룬ǣȴʼ޷ҵ󣬶ԺȻֵһװǲͬˣΪǵоǱļϸ˵޵Ϳ
һССĶʿҾ֮д
Ĺ˷СУûŪô£Ҿ֮Уʬ屻̤Ϊ̶ֱ࣬Ҵܵħʳ
꣬ȴԶ֮УΪһ֣תͶ̥ĻᶼûС
󣬲ֻ󹫵ˣǿȫǵ顣
껹˻꣬һͻᱻԶɡ
˷³Ƹû⣬ԸȥӦĿ˹ҵϡ
ԥƬ̣˿ߵĹһ뵽Լĵ۹ȻޣѡƵжԣǣжԵĴǹҾͲܴӦˡ
ԥҲٴ𻰣Ҳ˳ȥ
֪
ⲻ֪֮ѡ֪ܲǾ޴Ŀܣ֪Լϸ˴Լ˵У
ȻǹڣѾǲ֪ٴˣѪϵҲѾʮֱңʹڹ͢ʱ򣬶ôܵҵӣԶѾƵ檣ȻҲΪ˶ԼɷΣա
֮Ҳ˽Ƶһ¡
һƿ˵Ժҵ߰ɣ
գŹеĴѾٷһᦣ͵һٶųס
Ǵ󹫵Щϰģƽ¯Ů˵ǵĵ׵ҽǵĿںϣ
Ů׷׵ͷ
һ߾Ͷ˰¯¯ͽֿںһˣ൱һﵽʥ򾳽磬ںϵǾ͸ˡ
ٴγ¯֮Ůͷֿ׵ıƺֻͼƣµѪϣͷһϲ
ţһȳǵıƾֳչʮң׶ٵշС
ƲֻƷ;󣬲ҽʽҲ࣬ЩϵĳҲȫںŮĿϡ
ЩĲϿǷǳѰģǶʥϼķħ޵ĳǣһЩħʯƶɡ
ǣǾһˣʹҲԱ΢Ц
˷׷׵ͷ
ΪѪɷ˿ףţħ϶ˡ
ţħѾ൱ڰֻ̤򾳽磬ֻһ
ԣ˿Էеĵ׻壬ƶ˵ֱӽ˳ȥħ޴֮Уã۹ľս󾡿ﵽʥ򾳽硣
ˣƾ͵˰ʱ䣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ɱٸ߼ʥȴȫɱսȫҲ˹ơ
ԭŹȱ˵߹ÿֲ´չŹң԰ͳҲʡȥĶѪ
ԩ˵Ҳⲻ˻һЩħǣô쵼СɾͲһˣΪޱҪԹԹԽͷĴԽкôԣԺΪȻἱӡ
ȷҸ֮Ұɣʲôʱǣ׵֮ٳҲ٣׳Ҹ֮ҡ
һЦҪһ𣡡
ҡҡͷǵʱܱ¶Ҳȥɣ
ŮŹеĿһۣһЩĵ̤Ҹ֮ҡ
ȥһ˲ƣֱӷ֮ڣ֮С
ʱƾŽܵĹҲڵȣȹ߲ã۵˵
ǣû˴󣬼ʹĴ򾳽ҲҪһ£񣬲пڰ֮ڸϵ
һһ׵뿪̻뿪͢ʥɽ
ڹ룬ƶ׳˾ƿһɵĴɫƥһ󹫵õĹ֮ϡ
䣡
䣬֡
ţʮᦺ϶Ϊһͬʱɳʮȭ˽ϡ
һһ಻ʮΣ󹫵ܵĽڱֱ顣
ʮȴΪᦣһɫĽһޱȵĺɫĻʮһ֮شƬ֮󣬾ͽʮһ˷ָˣ·һ޴ԹǸһء
̶˰ʥɱϣһһĽÿһ˴֮ͱᦹס̶֮С
ʱ֮󣬾ֻʣһˡ
ȴƵĲǹһǹ˵ֱӻ֮ڡ
ʧҲʧڹҲټƺǴûгһ㡣
ʹѾռǵĹľҲһã


410 ֮
ľӶⳡͻʤһЩãеˮƵӶȴûãϢһҹ֮͸ħ޾ţ׷ǰ˵Ĳã۹ӡ
ǲã۹Ҫһߣһ߱ƣǺ󷽵ĳǳؼֽ֮޲ˡ
ǧʮС
˸оǣЩԭɱ¾ǿħޣȴֻɱЩڷľˣϰȴŲʣҾͼղƲʱħǻա
˶Ȼ⻹ħһĲļɣϽ·񣬾ȻȾ˶ˡ
βħ޾֮ˮӶţϺħ޾ȣˡ
ĹľӣĳҴ٣ڿһЩ²ˣҲһħ޶
ǣ٣ǻã۹ʲôѵҪͳ
е飬ǰֻ룬Ϊ֪Բǲã۹Ķ֣ã۹սǶǰʮġ
ɱ۵ʱ򣬲ã۹Ÿǽ˵ã۸񾳽磬һŭǸϼһһֻ־ܽŸˡ
ԣ۹ľӸ߲㣬ֻ۹Ļʵʾô졣
ʵ۹ĹҲãԼľӾô׵Ľ˲ã۹
Ȼ۹۹֮񲻵óֵԼǣã۹񼶸֣ҲǳĶģһͳһǹ۹ʮϣϾ۹˿̫ϡ٣дɳĮħޡ
λۣҲ֪ЩħһȻһ·
սʤѾʣ۹Ĵ۱㽫ĿƵⷽԲʮˡ
ܹռã۶ԵõʮˮأǶԹĹҲ൱
ԣֱȡǣ̶׽ӹ򣬲ҴӹɳһԱ߼Ĵ󽫾ٴ۱ǰã۹

ã۹ĳȴɲԼĴ۵ģȻʱ򣬻ֱɽ֡
ʵã۹Ļʵ۲ʳ͢̫ӹңȻ̫ӵ˼Ҳ϶Ǵ۵˼
һЩ֪ĵسȴ̫ӵĿģǾǽľ͢ϵ󹫣󹫱̫֮Ȼɳ죬һٶ
Ҳ󹫵ͳơ
Ǵʱ֪ѾڵȴȴŹľӺЩħޱǡ
򼸺ĴʣµЩʥ赲Ĺľӣ
һ·ƽĶʮ˳
ǰߵˣһ·£ؾӣ֮£ƵȦһС붼ʥ򼶱ĸؽ죬ʣµҲ󹫾еβ͵ְ
ҲƽǵҪ
˷ؼӷƲ֮󣬳˼Ӷ֮⣬ƵľѾﵽʮ򣬼ռ󹫵ľӵ֮һ
֣ڳš
һǣ󹫵ѧ󹫵λãʼ
һ͵ڱƵͳġ
һϢȻǺܿ촫ɱڲã۶󹫵ĳӣ¥Ķ
Ȼķǣǵ̫Ӿǲ
Ҳ֪˵Ҫֹǵ˼
鷢չͳ˵Ԥϣ۹ĻʵۣԼ͢
ڹȷӣħ޴µĿоƽ֮ЩħȴȻ۷ˡ
Աʱӿݵٶȣ۹ķ򱼳ۣһԲͷ·ڳԱ֮ؼһ
ȷʮӣǱħ޾ɵĸɸɾеӵ򣬶ħ޾ɱ
һ۹ľҲ
ĿǾǰȴ֪һôˡ
ɹĴ󽫾Ѿ¶˾ģȻҪһǡ
żǿҲЩħ޾š
ʱ֮еľӣҲѾһٶ򣬼ȫҵĿ֮С
һֱβŹ۹ˮӶţڸħ޾ţֻǵѾﵽʮ߰򣬽ӽʮˣӹ۹ĵô󽫾Ӷŵ˼С
λ󽫾ȴҲ֪²ڶʱڴԺȶЩ֮һ֧ܿƵľӡ
ɺϵǣã۹̫Ҳ¶˾һսɳԴ󽫾߼Ϊ׵ĲӣǰǣҲ󹫵ĳӣ󹫵ķϵļ̳¥ǡ
ֻǴʱǣǷˣʹƣҲ׵ı¶ʵ
ΪɽҲһ´̣ͬǸ߼򣻺ڰ͢Ϊ֤󹫱ڽ͢ĴԣҲ˸߼򾳽Ĵ˾
߼Ȼ£ȴҲ֪ѶԸЩˣɶӵмߵˣͽ֧֡
˵ǣǸȡ󹫣µҲƷΪ˵궼ѳ


411 ֮
ԭƽ󹫵֮ΪƾԼһ׵ĽͬĹͲã۹ЩӶŵųһ
ҲȻµЩƳɿܡ
ǣ󹫼Ϊ̣ٵĵ֮Уȴָܿкǿսͷ·Զݽһ㡣
ƵνشǿҲƿ쳣
һ£ȻεĽ󹫵֫նȡȴָܺܿȻǰʮ̡
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Щױĸ߼죬ȴǱײ˵ǵ
ЩӶеųڱȡ֮ͱҡˮ˽գǿȻ޴棬֮ҲȻʧˣԾͺױƳ
ߵĽ죬Ҳͬˣ¶Ǻǵĸ֮ƾٳ³֮ͻȻҲԭ򣬳֮Ѿȡˡ
ԲʮѾħ޺͸Żһ飬ЩȻֱ»ֽӶıɱ¾ձ࣬ȥȥ
󹫵ʵ֮Խͣ˱Ĺ֮⣬һҪԭŹ۹ӵ֣󹫵Ѿ͵ʷ޶ȣ޷ԼôҲȻܿ콫֮ҲԽԽ١
֮ԲΪǳȻƣǻˣ߶󹫵֡
ôҲһľ飬ϵͻǣôģûǿƥʵֻʹԼ뾫Ѫ֮һһĳʱ
ҪƵʱ䣬߽ɱͱҪնϴ
ͬƵмĽһ֮󣬺ܿǵĸն˶Щ˵
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ˣ󹫵֮ټĲϷգ󹫻ɢѾʱˡ
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ͬΪһιã۹ȷˮˣҲڹγɵ֮ҲȻǱ˵Ϊһ¥
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ֻǼ򵥵Ϊã۹Ҫ󹫵ĸǣĺýӹƬ̡
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һ͢˽ӹܵİձȻԳ͢ж£Խ֮ܲԽǿЩᱻõ
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412 λ֮
¥Ҳ֪ѧ˵е֪һвã۹Ӱӣʹѡȫ͢ã۹ȴڰڽ͢͹֮͢ǻ໥С
Ӽ̳ƶȣǸ۹Ĺ涨ֹϵ¥ΪǷٴǷܼʯȻô
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Ļ󽫾Цɪ̣ûе۹ʵ۵׼Ϊɱһ𣿡
ɪãؽѵ۹Ļʵ۾Υ۹ķɣѧ̳Ϲľλѵѧ̳й֮£ǵ۹ʵ۵
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˵͢ͳ͢󽫾ٿһڻ顣
һ˲μӣǣȴѾ˶ۣȫƾѧˣ¥ŷ֣ԭһֱԼܣѾ׵ƿоƣʹԼ̳˴󹫾λҲԵһһ䣬һ¡
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δҷֵСƨȻúͶʮ׳С֮󣬸Ե÷ǳ𾪣ͬĸ˵һǼֱһԵһ˫֮
û֪Щȥһã˵һ仰ȴٴˣѾﵽ򾳽磡
ɽ򸾡ԼɽĸֵܣҵЩʥϣ𾪵ƿԡ
˶ֻΪɽ򸾵ĶӣЩȴ֪ǴɽĹϵﳤģǱ϶Ϊҵһκ̳ˡ
ȿȣǸҲҪֵĳŵˣ֮λҴ̳УȻ֮λɽΣɽΪΣɽ
ڣɽ޶ң֮λҲԸøСƣɽվص
СƼ̳ĺΪСԺݣȥ۹ύ۹߲㣬ҵʵ˵ôˣѾǼǹˣ
鲻Ҫ۹׼Ʋʵ
ҡҡͷϮλλļ̳ȨǼڲֻҪڲûн飬ֻҪ۹ύ¾λļ̳˾Ϳˣ
ŵ˵ͷ͢ͳ͢˵У
Ӧòѣ۹ľֻһ߼򣬶һȴʱӦþͻὫľӿսںһȥǣ
Ƶ˵ͷҲԼı⣬ӴԺ󣬱Ȼ߲ܵע⣬ǵҰˡ
ȥæϣڣҲһ𣡡
üͷ΢壬˿ƣŵͷ


413 󽫾֮
ԭӦ󹫵ԴӴ󽫾֮󣬱㿪ʼǻ
һͬȥ˽졣
ƺѾȺʱϵڴеĽϣ֣ǿС
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ؽҵһ󱲣Ҳҵĺ̳ˣԼεĺƣص
Ŷ彫ǷǳλˣȻλҲѹ֣Ӧҵڶɣ൱һͬ佱
֮󣬲ٴʵ彫۱Ӧö쵼֮°ɣܷ˵˵ΪҪ֧ѧ̳д󹫾λ¥
΢΢һЦ飬˵ʣ
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ǺǺǣ⻹治٣Щ飬ȻϷλҲҲӦ°ɣ
ƺŹ뿪˴󽫾


414 ̥
ƶ˸ߣǾ¶˼߷̵ЦݣСѣ
󽫾͢µһʵ
ֻǸˣΪ൱ڳ͢һԱϮҲϮأľȶ̫֮ȻὫطΪ٣ҸɣֱӽųնγҲͿԳΪ͢ȫƵĵط׵壡
ԭˣ̫ӹȻ򵥣ֻǾµʱҵѲǰЩգҹ⵽һ˾ӪȻ޷һһ䣬оӣܵҪ󹫶ԾӵĿƸ
ΣֻһСС򣬱һָͷܴǰ֮սǴͷ󼴿ɡǸȴϷһ޷͸ĸо˾оأ쿴
ҲǳƣƵϣԼԼоһǿİ֮ǲİħɻ󣬵ȴû¶ҡҡͷҵûиоʲôΪ˶ĸԭ򣡡
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죬֮ǰ֣ǲ֪ΪоҲҪһ㣬ɸҵһս
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415 
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418 ֮
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СŮϣƺڳ˯֮С
ǿȸȴĿηĶƣʱͷų޵Ŀ⡣
ô㻹ֻҪΪҿԸһµ塣һ֣׳˾ۻƿۻƿ֮еľѾѿˡ
ҵõƣһὫۻƿƺ϶Ϊһµľӵ֮壬ɾͲ֮Σ׳һջ


419 
֪ȸȴӵĶƣϻûñʥˣ䣡
Ŷô˵㻹֮ˣҲģдϲ
ôʥֻһʶ֮Уʥķ񣬱ʥıһɱģȸв
ƵüͷȴΪӦøӦ׷ˡ
ŮʦλмɶֻǴʱ֮У߼Ҳ뷢֡
ΪʲôˣһǾ֮ͨŮӦƾ⸽ȴ޷λá
ȴȻһɳŮӵƣķλ˸ȥ
Ƽˣ˿ȸĻ֮Уһſȸʥı𣬱¯ֻһ񣬷ͱ֮źǿĸӦȻԷԼڵλá
ŮʦˣɫϲƣŲ˹ȥ
ֻǣҲ׷ƣһ˲ƾͳʮգۼӳǧλá
ڽ׷ᣬŮʦҲƴβ棬Ǽмȴˡ
ֻȴû뵽͵͵ĵصһᦣȾŹͲС
ӳҵʱҲ뿪ᦣҽʮܣ͸˳ȥ
ڹм˵Ϸ֮һ£ʮܻᦣһƬƬĻշ裬ͽмĻ֮С
һǧʥᦣһһĹɱⱻм
ã֪ͨʦˣһֱӾеĴѶ顣
һ̣˾ͱܸشˣһ㽫˸С
˰֮ǰȡڶ綼кܸߵ֮ҪɱҲףֻʱѹ֮С
˹ջڶܣۼߣ˵㣬ȥƺԶˣ
սȡЩʬǣŮʦ׷ϴ˵ģһǣһ֮󣬴žŹսȥ

˲ƣҲ֪ǰ취ٴڿȸʥǰֳӰһֻܽˣ
һ֣ƾȡ˾ƿһɫƥͽȸ
޴֮ϵĻſȸꡣ
ȸͷҵĽûֻ꣬׸
㲻ú
Ϊҿ㲻ٷҲûκã
룬ʥССΪ˵򣬾Ҳñʥɱʥģʥǹʥ飬һСС࣬Ȱ㻹ңɣ
Ҿ㿴ǲʸҲ֪޷ÿȸĻ͵Ĵʥͼ
׻ˡ䡣
Ĵʥľһ㣬ֳʵ״̬Ӵѹʹÿȸһ
ĴʥΧſȸתʵֿʼǳͷų˼ǿĿռɱ֮
𡭡
ĴʥڵĶʮ޿ɸʵޣΧ£ССĿȸʥܡ
ܣ㣿㣿ۣȸʥǱٴؾ̶ֱۣǽ֮飬˿־
ϲ
شңǲۣۣ㵱ΪҪҷӡ֮УΪΣȸȻֱüΪŭĻٴ¡
ҽӡ֮Уԭı޷뿪ƣԭˣ
˵㵱ΪҪӡңΪʲôУΪΪʲô˵£
㣬Ҹۣô룿
ܣ¼䣬ۣ˭ӵĴʥͶʮ޵ػ
ʵˣ˵ǸۣѾһǰɱˣΪʥ飬᲻֪ɣ
ȸգȻĬ˿ǲϴĶʮֻ޺Ĵʥͼճմ
ôô˵ˣ
Ѿˣ˭Ϊӵһʥ飿
ֻɺϣҸ㣬Ҳۣ㲻ֻܽɱˣı׷ң
ţҿԴӦΪУ뿪ô
Уһڻؾ
Ϊʲôȸǲ졣
ΪѾ֪ҵܣҲ֪ҵܣӶ۵ĺ󳾣ԣȻƾ֮겻𣬿ǣϾֻǷҪĥ㣬ӦòǺѣ
ΪʲôΪʲôϱҪɱңⱲӻҪɱңôͱȲϴˣΪʲôããȻ㻹ҪɱңҲԲùȸ˹ĺ
סˣɶ˭
˭ȻǷˣȸ㲻ɣһŭ֮£޸˻ףۣȻҲӡúݵģ
ɶããƸɻ


420 ȸ
ʻʱɱҲ֮ɢȥ
ȸȴһôţ½֪˺Ͷȸҿȸͺ¶棬֪ʤ٣ʲôֵģ
ǣôģǵĸĸǺˣƷʡ
Ǹûиĸ츸ĸȻɣֻΪȲ˴Ͷ㣬ô˵Ҳʥ飡
Īʥ鶼ɣʥ֮µ飬Ǿۼǵĸɵģٴһȵ飬ԼɵģҲʿȸꡣ
㲻Ҫˣʱʥ飬޷Ϊǿߣһȵ࣬ȴͨΪף
΢΢ͷһȻɣࡢ࣬һǿȻ֮еĸԪ϶ɣֻܴصŵȴ٣ȸӦҲΪУҿԳԽӡΣ
ȸڳĬжƣյ˵ͷаսҵķӡڵΪǺܵ͵ģ
ԣ֪ܲܳɹ
Ȼˣ͵ţ
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ͬʱһֱƵȴȻʧˡ
һĻǸŮʦͷһʶ²鿴ȴһ١
֮⣬³֣ţҲֳΣҽȸҲ˳
Ӧɣ֪Ϊ˹ǰǺ֮ȸʵ
ĲǵƵĶˣˣ˵ҲǵãİһֱұһֱûгɹڵѪԣܳɹǾ֤пתȸ˵
գȴһЩˣԥ
ôˣ¼ǰˣ»ôծҲǣôϲŮӣȻֻȢһ治֪ǲˣ
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ʲôȻȢܶţǲߣҷ֣ҷһҾɱһЩȫɱȻҶԲ˽㣬˽Ϊ棬Ȼϲɣ»ߣȸŭ֮֮ĻԪٴƼϣɱʮĶơ
ιֲۣȢٸţʲôϵƾʲôɱţҸ㣬ڵĴţӵзʥŮӣ
ʥ飿¼䣬㣬ʥ飿ѵǽԪδתͶ̥ˣ˭ȸһЩ
Ʊش𣬿ʶȴӦŮʦ￿ҲͣƳһѪƱ档
ȻˣƵ֮˸Ӧ
Ȼһһֻǣ˵оư֮󣬾ͽڣȸ˵ҽ¯

Ůʦϵֲ֮ˡ
һΣһֱûٳ֣ð¯ڵصƣڲӦš
ڲĿռҪҸ֮Ҹ󣬷ǳ浽һͬһ磬һȸϼ£ϲſȸľŮӣڻһʯͷϡ
ƺŮҲӦƵʶ룬̧ͷȥܷӡ
ûзӡֻҪ˿ʱƵʶ
ţ͵ƵĿռ֮ǿȸ˳
ȸڷƮȻأͬǻһ㣬ĿдǧĶơ
𣬱ôңҲ죬ĶԣľͲһˣôƯŮӣȻװ棡ƿ
ȸջԼķһ
סˣ˵ǲгӦø˲Ŷԡ
Ѿ֪Ϊνǿˣһ͸˵ˣΪһ֪Լ˶ˣӳһδ٣ұĵɱһ̣ɲģ飬ֻΪûȥȸɫҲ࣬գֳ̾һ
Ҳ֪ȥ˵Ͼ죬֪ʱ
ɶȸ㣬ʲôΪʵ
ʲôãֲ죬ôҳְĵ˰룿Ҹ㣬Ⱳٸҡٸҡ
ٸʲôգۺĶſȸ
ûʲôȥæİɣһ˾һܲȿǸӵзʥŮӣ
Ÿʲô
㣿ȸû뵽ƾȻֱӾܾǸ߸ظһһ˫ֲݺݵĵơ
ƺ⣺˭֪㵽Ǳߵģҿɲðգһ㷢񾭣ɶˣһȥȥ


421 ȦȦ
㣿ңȸһץסƵĺףΪתҾͲɱ㣬ʲôռһöûУ˰ԭΣͶ̥
Ʊܷܷţ͸оһֱڣȫʹޱȣԼѾİ¯ȻĿƲ˿ȸæģȸ㣬ۣ۰
ȸ֣֪۾ϽǸŸҽйҲɶģȦȦ棬İɣ
ɶȦȦ棿գôʣӵɵıţ󣬸һʵ
ȸС𣺡ô˵Ļʲôԣǰһ뿪ǸȦȦ棿һŮŽ˼ȦȦ棬ǵˣˣһβǱšŶؼң
󺹣¹ɺ˵ǸҲǺ˰ѾĲҲǴӵİɣȻôҲˣҪȻţ
ٺ٣ɶȸ㣬֪֪۵ϼģЦ
ȸҡҡͷȻֺѵߣֻߴһˣûиҺͶȥ֪
õļģƷһ
Ĳ֪ȸһЩ죬ܿͻָȻǵþˣ
ȸĬˣɫ̶ְࡣ
ƿ΢̾ϢԥƬ̣վҸ֮˳
С䣿Ŀȸ
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Ʊûеоʱ㡭Ƶʱ򣬾˵ȱһоһ˵о֮飬ͻﵽ鱦ļ𣡡
еоͳɺ鱦ô˵Ƕˣôʲôãѵֻ
ռ֮еĻηֵģȫʤʱڣעγɵ֮𣡡
֮𣿡
ȸ𡢿ȸϳ֮Ϊ̫ͣ޷Ļ棡
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ΪôͶ㶼ǣҿСã˺ü֮꣬û£Ϊҵı֮Ȼ˺ˣ
Ƶ˵ͷȴϲû뵽һսȻܵõıңȸΪƺҲǳĸߣٺ٣ҲҪߣĻԼǾͿݺˣ
ʶã㿴Ůʦһֱ׷ɱأ֪ʲôϵ
ʱҼܺãĵӣԾѡƵıߣҸΣգľѪٻҳǿһƷľѪһƻԵУ
Ҳ˵ûʲôϵԲԣ
ô˵ϾѾദһˣһԸȰҪɱ㣡
ٺ٣ͺãͺã
ȸ۾ƾ͸оһ΢ʶԼİ¯Ƭ֮ʶͷˡ
ˣƷʡ
ȸ˵ͷԳȥˡ
ǣúúõģ˵ָȥҸ֮ҲУ
ƽҸ֮Ҹ˰¯ɳĮ֮ϡ
ص磬صף֮С
ŮʦѾ
Ѱһƾͽ˲ƶȥ
Ʒսʱ򣬾ͷ˫սѾˣսϺˣǶս죬ʬȴûж١
ˣһӰӵص
Ҳ½ֳӰ
˫Ľôƿ㡣
ã۹ĲˣĹ󽫾Ҳͬˣ˫ɥʧмҲֻʣһλԾ͸ԳˣľƺѾã۹սˣķһ·˻ءŮʦߵһõʮ߰ٸʥ򡣡
ʮǵ˫ֻʣ°˸ˣЩмɲҷǰɣ
˵ͷڹᦣ˿ռ֮УֽһͬǷȥ
һΣŮʦм˫һʮˡ
ʮУҪơ𡢹ĸҲֻʣʮˡʮˣȴƺڹץʮ˫һҲֻʣĸˣ۹˵һγصĴ
رǲ죬ȸһΪȼҪܿˡ


422 帮ƨ
ʵƵľӶսʱҲһЩ飬͢λɪɱѧȴڽ͢Ĵ˾ֹ˫Ҳһսֻǵ˭Ҳûеõôֻ֮ܲ
ƺһͬش󹫸ѧ֮󣬲ŵ֪һ
ҲûгƵԤϡ
ѧĴ£λھ޵Ĳ졣
ʱĲ죬ֻʣһλмĶʮλ򣬼ʬ޴棬ȫûϢλѪĳ嶯
һس͢ؽĹʮ֮һǲܱסˡ
һȻúõĻţϼԼ˶ˣңԼҵλȴĺúõģʲô
ΪƺΪ̫ͣһǲҵı
Ŀ⣬ϵɨƣգźݺݵ³һ仰𽫾һӣ֪
󽫾һ˵װɻ
ս˾ȻһһܵĿ죬ѵⲻӣʲô˼
󽫾ԩҲɱŽҷǣ󽫾ţһ˰ʬ
ŶԵúǲ죺ͽʬñúõƣ
æͷȡѶ飬һѶϢܿм̧ʬ˲ķ䡣
ϸʬ壬΢΢ͷɫҲתãʱնʱǼ˵ģȻֻһ򣬿ɱϾǼʬˡ
彫һ¥ڴսҲʧʹδҲˣһҸоΣ
һжԴ󽫾İ£
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л£΢ϥڵأ̧˫֣Уվ
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ĩԳƣҿɵԺǶͬƳĻһϸˣ
ĩ˳ƺ󽫾󽫾Զĩеǰ򲻸󽫾ֵƣװųϻ̳Ͽ֡
Ļòĸ֮˵ҲֻΪ˸𼸷ӣΪã۹ʮ񣬰˼ĴĿһ
ǧ򴩣ƨ
һЦǺǺǣ帮̫ˣԺȥ˶ǣǲúõĺϼһλҪ鳯͢һս̫ӵ²ǣ
ǣһδ󽫾һжֻǻ˹Ľشλ˼Ůʦм򣬱ƵĶԷòʹʥƣʥ飬ش󽫾󽫾ȻˣɺٴνǹܡֻǴ󽫾Ϊ˱ȫңԼӵսǶڴ֮ԱõĴӻ˹ĲоһһУĩдϣ̫ӣΪ󽫾빦
⼸仰ϼֿ˻Ϊһ˵Լ󳬹ǰ֮λؽѺҲᴫã۹ɵòȻЦǶΪ¡Ϊ̫Ӱ£޺޺
Ц֮ʱе˼ԣܻ£Ժ󱾽һģ
˭Ը˽仰Ѿ֤ǸˣҲǲҪġ
ǼúõĺһҸϵ㣬һҴӵ۶ǴһƿʮĺþƣϵһҪϸҿ

ѾԶĳƺΪϵˣһԵ겻ѣһԼģģ֪ԵϼһҲı㣬ͨѧԭ
Ⱦڼ䣬ȻƨΨһҴĲҲ𴵳˶ֺǵĽơ
òƶһҾͶѾЩʧˡ
ֻǾҲȵò֮󣬲ɫȴϵܣϸһһҪ㣬ӦöһĹذɣ
ȻҸվͻǰ˵ͷ
νǰҲ͵Ǽӵʣͬ󹫵ĳڳΪһһǲ뿪۶ģһڸҲһ
˭ԿѾΪƣضĽӰˣȻϮȴҲǷ⽮һǧ궼ѱ䶯һΡ
ˣĵ˵ͷ


423 ץ
һ飬һ̫ӼӷΪ󹫣ǣҲԤϵһԣȻĹϽȨر֪ʲô㣿쿪ʵ
ƺһ֪Ļǵ춨Ҫҽ˸ˡ
嵥ֱϵ֮йصϵֹǧûڽҴƾڵˣͳˡ
˼ġ
˵ʹɱɱ𣿶Ȼܵ˷Ҳս֮С
ȻҲǳ͢ҪģҪȥٳһ塣
üͷ󽫾ĩ»ҪϾʵ̫ڵʹҿ˰ӣйصĸеľȣԶԶ㣬ңҲǷǳʱڣһ˱ƼˣͶ˹Ǿ͵òʧˣĩΪڲܴ壬Ҫܵ£ǣȹľӳ׵뿪֮ʰǣ
գ΢΢˵ͷţҲеֻǵǻ᲻ĹϽһ̫ҲѾˣҲȨҵЩնĴֻҪĽ͢ɣ
ĩһ̫ӵص
δֻаǾͼĶɣ̫ѾΪ׼Ĺޣ

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ľӲûͣһ·ͳ˶βɽ
ľҲȹ
⼸µʱ䣬ҲϴץЩһˡ
мɱֱǱǵϼңϢݳȥټϳ͢ҲѾȷϣһʱ䣬Щмһ·»Ҳ׵Ķˡ
Ȼڣˮλ
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ȻѾΪ帮Ĵ󹫸֮УҲ˶ʮλλʥܣ쵼ӦԽ
ϵЩˣȴư֮£Ҳ½ѧȦ
ˣѧΪūˡ
ЩִѧõȦһЩˡ
ƣγһ
ֻǶ˵ѿվŵǺˣΪѧȴ֪ƵĴڡ
ԣƵһ仰ܴ˵񾭡
ǵȫϣҵʵҲţһһһһͣల£Ҳó͢˺֣ȴִʲôֻ֪ΪƶѧѾͶ
ҲдԣѧֻǹͶһץסʱؽһ򾡡
ȻĴҲƹѧ͸¶ȥ͢ӣӶĶԸҡ
ΪĵĹ͢ȴûʲôǺ´ɪѾ˹ɽ˵ȥ˵۶͢ڵ۶
ڽ͢ȴ˺ܳһʱ䣬ҵ֧£ҲһֵѾʼڴˡ
͢ȻҲ޿κΣϾ˼Ҹ˵㡣
ڼ䣬ҲΣԼպڵ۶ٺúۣ֮ǰһλмΪڽ͢ĹԱ

һգƽҸ֮ңŮסƬ֮С
ͷһμЩıǾ޴
ֻǣۣľϣȻڶŮӴ֮ʱȴɵôסˣܵܣǣǣ
ٺ٣ǲҪĿأ֮ǰǿǴĵģˣ˵ֻҪץŻͽҸ磡ƹЦ
ʲôǶץСƨȻץ˼ţôҸ㣬ΪﵽͿԺΪˣʲôʱ㶼ҵܵܣڰ˼Ҷˣ㣬ٲҿɾҪšˣ
˵ţѾסƵĶ䡣
㣬㣬ý㣬㲻֪Ů֣֣֮ܲ
ʲôܲףǼҹ泤ģЩﶼˣСƨڲɣøӳˣȢˣ㣬ûţʮ꣬붼룡ɰƵСƨ
úãţھͷţǣ˼ҲԸߣʲô취ĶѾӦˣƵ
˵˭Ӧˣšʹš䣬ҪǲúõĹ̹̣ܽܽԺָʲôأ
࣬Ҳöǻеȥ˵Ȼǿȸ
һƮƺǰ
ȾŮʹʹסˣǳʣգӨѩļ͸ģ޲ɢ
ڿȸ󣬽½һŮǸ衢ƮƮ΢ЦȤĿƳԱһĻ
๫Ҳᱻš䣿ҶûšأҲššץסƵһֻ䣬һҧȻʹš


424 š
ǣܲõ۵ֱ
ãŮȵ
֮һֱͬЦ
ίľ죬оеûû˰ˣ
װͼװɣҸ㣬ԺҪ磬ҪȻʱ϶ץŮģȸƵͷ
ŻȻѣǰòŮѾʮλҸ绨Լǲ۾ˣҪĲץôŮ
ԣɻĿƣƼֱͷƤ֪Ҳʲʲôˡ
ҪǷųȥҪˣ
룬ЩŮǼﰲȫһ˸֣϶Ƿɡ
ɿƵĶ䣬ȸʵλ㣬Сץģ
ǰȸЦһ֮Թǿɶʥ򼶱СƺǰͰץˣ
ѽǰճãг
˵ǹʥ飬ʥԹĵ˿ȸһۡ
ٴδ㵡
ȥˣǰסĸ첲ãҸ˵ʵɣСƵӣЩŮҲԸСƵļˣ֮䵽ǼңΪСǸʱܵ˵ȺƳӤǶǴӶ½ģ
գֻоԴ˵һƹһУСʱԼ󣬱Լڻʹף϶ʱͨҲҿһۣ޲Ҹضȥ
ϲϲСƣɫ
ңɫ֮ѩ׵ľҲͿһɫңֻǰܵܣ
ڼܾܵˣҪȥ۶ˣҪҪһ𣿡
ȥ۶ܵҪˣ̧ͷơ
Ƶ˵ͷѾϲȥˣѾȶҾͱҪȥ۶סܵ۹ļӣֻˣ͢ң
һԣۿʪˣȻ뵽⼸ҵı仯رһСңһϵС壬ΪֱϵļҲΪ˴󹫼壬ͳ췽Բʮ˿ڣأǺεҫڳȥʹЩԼҪʩ񣬽һС㡣
һһжڹϵ񵽵ӤģڣӤΪҶԸȥ۶ʣܲж
ܵܣ
ƼˣȴĽ˻ḧ㷢ˣޣԺ㻹ҵĽ㣬ҵСүҵݣҪ㱣ܣκ˶Ҫȥ۶ҲԼҪ죡𣿡
˷ֿһ˫Ŀ⿴
ΪЦ˵ͷţǲҲңԺҿҪܵܿˣץŮţ
ŮЦ
ײʶȴǲˬĵһָۣ㶨һҲ̫˰ɣ
ֱۣʲôָ㶨һܵܵģ۽ʲôã۵ܵܣҲ쾭壡
Уһ֪ʲô⣿ǿ˼Ưø㵱ţ㣬ôģȻôϹţ
ײʶϿ崿ףʳ̻𣬿ĻƸоеС̫ã˵֣̫ˡ
ֻЦЦĿȴڶѾִٲˣæ͵ʶþƢֻѵ๫⣡
֪һСһֱܵܿģһЩЦݡ
˭ܿЦһЩǿ
ѵѾͷĶƶˣа̾һ
ǣŮԽǰĿϣԽòڣۿȻʪˣæ˳ȥ
ŮɵɵĿıӰҲˡ
㻹Ÿʲô˼ƭˣ㻹ȥ壿ײʶһƵϡ
С㣬鷳˵ܲһ㣿Ƶ˿ײʶһۣҪǿײʶ𣿻ʱһþܺŮһƬʱʲôˮˣǿײʶϵ̫
ݣСôţҸ㣬ⶼ̵ģûСʱ˵Щѧֲţܵ𣿡
úúãˣȸ㣬ˣ治֪ȸʲôϵǸĿ˿Ů
Ÿʲôȥ壿ǵģô㵹ǺͿˣһѡ
ͷһϲô˵ǶӦˣ
ҪǴӦأﶼûźãȻ浽飡һֱδĹҲšסƵĶ䡣
ͶͶһжŴǵģ
ϻˣ˼ҸãҪȻǣ
ٺ٣֪ˣ֪ˣ
ƻˡ
ȸȴں̾ðײ˶ˣ
ƴ˸򣬲һˤ
һں԰֮УֲŴɲҩɢ֮£رۡ
оƵĿҲûлͷ
һҲ˵üײײļ
˾졣
ײײ
ײû·խ𣿡һ


425 ۶
ý㣬㲻գգۡ
ʲôѾ˵ֻã֪ǲʶǹ⿪Цģ˾졣
ĲЦЦ
ЦЦ񣬲ɵһ죬æŤͷط˵ĿΪʲôôҸоһ꣬ٵֵʮꡣ
ϲϲϲĻ
ҡҡͷȻʺϾޣȴʺˣɣҿɲӦ
ûϵȥ˵۶ҾͰһ䷿ӣʲôʱԸʲôʱ
ܸܲң㵽ʲôˣΪʲôڵ㣬ƺˣ
ң㻹ǲҪ֪ôˣΪԼȷԺһŪװɣƵĿҲ
˼䣬ƾʹŮˣһδҶûٶ˵ʲôϣȴŮҸ֮ңڶһԺϢ
ˣȴĵ뿪ǡ
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ٺ١
룬ԣ̡ȸŮ档
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߸Ůһ֣ҵĺ䶯
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ˣ붼ˮɽŮ֮󣬺Ҳ¹һ
ڰͷˣȻջ󣡡аһ
ߵĹȴʱϣôһ㿴ȻҺʹŮˣ
۵ֱ죬ĸҰҸ㣬ⶼһˣҿɶһȶûճİҵ˼㻹𣿡
ղŸʲôˮš
ǿˣί
㣡ٴμ
Ƥֱȫ
һȻƿֺǺǿŶˣ˵⼸˵Ľչ𣿡
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ҲεһЦСƣǸһȥģֻȽæԣҾͽ߽йˣԺ㵱ܼң۶ĸۡҲȥŵģ赣ģ
һӣţǶĺˣʲô飬֪ͨңߴѶңţУʲôʱϲƣҲ֪ͨһ
Ѿһ͵ĹգɫʱͨĶײƣ۵Ƿţֻܺ޺޵ĵһۡ

ٱ֮ʱƻ͸ϰ׶ʮ͸һЩҪˣȻҲпװ˵Ŀռ
Щټ϶Ϊһܺʥܣţʹи߼ЩҲҵˡ
ƴṲ̊ͨ۶Ĵ󣬰׹˸Ҳ֮ʧ
۶Ĵ󣬿Ҫö࣬ԲȥԲʮһһȻȫǴ
˽⣬ﻹǵ۹ڲĴͨͨĴ󲢲Ƭ
ÿһһ򣬾ȻͳһƱͬվһ
˴ڵԺ䣬ǰһϣʽ޳ͣ˴Ϳ޳뿪
ҲǷЩ˸·
ϴŮò͵Ŀ⣬رмˣǽŮΪˣĿҲ޷Ų
ܿ죬һСӭȻǿŮĿһЩ𾪣ɺܿͻָƽЦٺ٣λǰҪҪɳͷħ޿Ǿżķ챪棬Բа·ǳĿ죡
˵ţһͷߴһɣ峤ɵĲԱͻλƵ˹
˵ľżɲʥżͨľżħޡ
Աڣȫݣһ˫޴ĳߣȴһľӣվ棬ľӣ䣬߰˸ˣӦûʲô⡣
Ҫȴֲ֪ۡδԱҡҡͷٵˣ
ٺ٣ûϵʱǳҵķޣҿԸŻݣСġ
ʱһͷѶ£ƵǰǾû֫ȴڵ滬У峤ʮɡ
ӴƣѹȵǲԱˣҲ쳣ħޣ
һŮƹһ񣺡ӣūˣ
ҲǸյķޣȤĿŲ
ǣ
ǺǺǣǾķޣƵһȥ
ţŮҲ̤ȥ
ıܿңƺΪչˣ벿΢΢ȥվУǰȫ
˫չԪתٵڿնƬ֮䣬ʧƬա
дԼʮӣ߱һָ·һƬռĶĴԺ䣺ӣǷɸۡ·
Ƶ˵ͷ
ӣСүѾڸϵȺˣ߿˵
ȻӦ֪Ѿڸۡˣֻȴ֪ԼĹϵ


426 Ƽ
ƴŮһͬ˿ӭ㷢ֲЦԴԣҲǲֶ
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ǺǺǣֵܣ񣬿ϲɺذЦ
֮Ĳֶ֪λǣ
ǼãۼӷΪֹܵ
ֶһɣƣװͿ㲻ʶˣ
¶ɻ󣺡ôʶңҺûмɣ
ߣƣٸװһ㲻ʶңʶ㣬ߵЩŮӣ벻ȻһүֲôҪأԭ㣬ǺǺǣСҰݽҷȥֶһɫ޴멣дżֵ
ֶ˲ֶһۡ
ȴɻ£˵ЩŮŶʵǶǶ½͸ҵģôǾʶ
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Ҳ֪޷ǰԾ˵ͷ
ֶ˵ãֵֻܲҵľˣҲľˣ飬౨ˣ͢һֱ׷ֵܣҲǱΰãһҪܣ
˵Ҳ˵ȥҪңΪƳƣһСү
˵ǵüǰΪڴûеȵΪֵʹħҺʱˣֵȴҲ˶ˣҺõȣȴֱ󹫽׷ɱԣҲֵץסֵĻḨƿؾƣҲ󽫾ԸͰٵĽһ¡
ˣƣҪθлֶơ
ղ㲻˵Ƿһ飬õ𣿡
Ǻϻƭôãһ仰ûˣڿǺүݿɲһˣô˵ҲТǧĽҲУڷ㱾֣дҲҪһ𣡡
ԣѵһ䡣
磬ڿˣôôСֶС졣
ⲻǸ𣿵Ȼͷʱ䣬һ㡣һҪ̫ӵ±أЦ
ȥ̫ӣã㣬Ҳһ㱻۸Ժڵ۶ҲֶҪֵˣ˭۸ǣͱҵ֣֪𣿡ֶ˵ţֵƵļ
ͷߣѾĹǡաһһ֡
ƳԱӣֶдΪһ̣Сֹٺ٣ƣǰܴæˣֻСҪҪ漸죿
ֻ漸죿һЩš
ô㻹±ˣ
εĽͲǿĺУͽ۽޸˳
Ĵˣ棡ֶͽ۽޸˹ȥ
ʱĻ۽ҲᣬѾﵽмʥļ𣬱ֶڻУ֣ʹࡣ
Сӣ㻹ϲϵñֶŻ۽޵ͷ­˷ܡ
ֵܣһȥ̫ӵ°ɣ˵
Ƶ˵ͷȻˣھߣ
ܵܣҪҪ㣿ƺƵһЩȴûЩĿôС
ҡҡͷãǾڸתת

ãһΪĴǡڳǡʳǡ۹
Ǿסһ㶼һЩͨľ̷С٣ڳǳ͢٣ʳֻвϵĻʼܾסʳ֮Ȼǵ۹۹ǻʵۺͼסĵط
һ˿׵ĵ棬Ҫ棬ȴѡ
ϣ۹ԽְԽߣʼҵĹϵԽܡԽԪؾԽŨ֮ԽŨ
ڻʳ֮УƵĸۡڳǿߵĵطڳǣֱʳǵĶţڲͲֶ֮£һͬ˻ʳ֮ڡ
ã۹ĻʹҪƼκһʹΰƽ̵أʯ¥󣬰ˣļоڴԣ֮󣬴Խ㽨˲ãǰ
һ·֮ϣҲĿԷ֮֮Ƽڴˣɵһɫƥٴ뺣ע˻ʹÿһ䣬ʹϼ֮Уİٱ֮ࡣ
Թʹǻ㼯¸ĵطֲûô֣ͨƺǸ߼ʥף΢һЩְľ٣ľ硣ҲֲôԸ볯ãƼʹû֮ҲһЩɣΪ𣿡Ʋɵа
ǰƣѧ˲ٷˮģЩҲԶһһǲģЩڵУȴʵʡ
Ҫβܴʳ֮͵һЩأĥ
ֻ֪ҪЩڣã۹Ͳܱ𣬾Ϳͳ֡


427 ʳ
΢̫ӵ£һʮȹһ
ǰһ濴ֻʮӣޱעơ
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ҲΪʲôҪܺλԭɲ̫ӾҪݡ
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ڲã۹λѾ൱ڳϵİүˣȻûүô󣬿ǣеȨȴҪһү
̫ӣֻǸ߼ү
Ƿ֮ӣȻΪСүվλĻҲֻһ
󹫺үʵۣ¹Ȼ̫ӣҲͲ¹ˡ
񷨣ôȴ࣬󹫼̫ӣй֮
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Ȩ׳ƹҲһ֮ƿɱȨǧ֮סͬ׾ΪȺ֮һ㡣
ԣƵ̬Ȼ񷨣ȴòλ̫ӵϿɣһӴȨʹ̫ɢһɽһѹƵϡ
ֻоϵԽԽأȫı˫ڲĲš
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æ˵£ǳܵĶˣȹܣ䱾ҲԺΪǽѣ
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ôλ̫˹ϴЦݣֶֽ̧еĻ۽޸˹Ŷħȷʵͦɰ
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һݣ֪λ̫ӦͶԼˣһ󣬾ͱԷ˸סˣȴûκα仯ص£Ƕ΢檣
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һжΣһǲǻǸҹЯĿеŮһЩƽ
ΪʲôҷҪıһУЩ˵ҺθɣΪʲôҷҪȥŸıĴѵĿʳһսǸ߸ϵһѾô檣˲ݣԳȥѵ㣿ԣӦˣ
һ˼һţʳҲԽԽԶѾ˷УȺ֮Уϵѹࡣ
ȻǰһЦ
ĸˣΧһɴŮӡ
һ˵ϴЦٺ٣С椣Ĵɴʲôѵүǿò
ǾǣС椣үɴժ㣡һЦ˵䣬̧־ҪȥժŮӵɴ
ǣŮüҪ롣
ȴӸסмǵΪԱŮҪߣ¾ͽŮӵɴժ
ӴǣǸŮŮļҵģ߱үүȥǼȥһͷĹӸ磬̧־Ůǽ۵һѡ
Ů͵һ˦ͷĿ¶ɱ
ô붯ֲɣֵǣСϲǿɲܸٺ٣
˵ţ⹫ӾȻڹ컯֮£һѽŮӸסˡ
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ǹһּһȴɹֵŮӵһ
˼ˣһŭӡ
ĸ幫ӸܣмΪˣһˣĿ⾫˸һӰͳŮӵԣ̧һƣŮӺ󱳡
䣡
Ůֱӷɳףˤڵأǰؽȴ֪ôģ͵Ϯ֮֡
һӸǰһӣƷ
С椲һ㰡ץȥúʣ
ǹӣ
ҪȥŮӡ
һٺȴӲԶס֣
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428 ɱ
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ںסֵ֡ʱеƣã·˲ʧˡ
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ʹˣԼ̫ӵȨһָɽֹĸоѹ飬ȥĻΪҲ
ŰɯƲҵԼıģǾҪҪˣػЩԼˡ
ۻܻܲصǰֻУΣ
˵ĵطнֻͼǻһҸ֮棬Զˡ
ȻķǾҪеһУ쳾ģóΪܲ
򷨣Ϊ⣬ֻﶼӦñֱģı䡣
޵ľңʱķŲеǸִǾִȥҲδɡ
ĸӸߵһЩ˷׷׽ĿƵϣɯҲͬںĶƣڿƵǸ˲䣬˫ȴȵױȣǵϵĺװԼ򼶱֮ȴԥˡ
˵λֵܣ㲻ҲС˰ɣĴеһ´ƣƵĹƣҲ֪ƲһĹ壬Ծûôˡ
Ůʶλ͸棬ΣƱȭ˵
͸棿˭㣿һӸ߰ͷ­ͬ´ƣڳǿ˵ȱȽǣҲûôϡ
ҺƣƱԼݡ
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ƾʲô˵Ůʶʹʶô椱үˣôţ㻹ȥɣ
ԭǸˣ˸ĳĺǺǺǣΪڵ˸ͺ˲ûв´ĻҲһλɣһֶֻҪ˼꣬ҵĸҲûˣԣСӣȰ㻹жԶԶ

Ʊ𱨳ݻһЩһĹӻһЩ˼ɣȴǿ
ã۹սã۹˶֪ģʮλ򣬾ʮ֮һĲ춼ˡ
ԣ¸Ҳ֪ġ
ǲ֪ΪҰеʵȻҲͿˣҲǰƵ۶ʡ
ƲûǣǽɯЦλû°ɣ
ɯɻҡҡͷֻȴڰΪгôˣ
ι˵СӣҹҪȻһ򣡡һӸٴߺ
Ҳأѵǵģ۶֮ڣŮѵûһüͷ壬¶˼ֵɱ
Сǲͷ֪֪ࣿ˭ŸʲôСӸҺߣС椣
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ӵֲִܲУԾͲΡΡ̤ǰ
ǼҲˣһϣСӺúõһ٣ֻҪˣӸҲԼߵ˵
ÿ˵߶һ
ĸ򣬾ͽƻ㼯һƵƸ
ֻǣǳ֣ƾѾˣһΣԭʧһ̣˵ǰ̧˫ƣγĸӡ
žžžž
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СӣǰɣúúãԼһӸŭһ
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ռ۵֮£ͬƬʧһ㡣
ܵĸӸ磬ڱͷʹУֻǿƵĿ⣬ȴη֮ǶֻǸ߼ʥ򣬸ûдﵽ򼶱
ҿھĸһʧƸˣĿ֮
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ң



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֪Լڲǰô͵ˣڻʳ֮УֻʵܱأӲ̫ӵ۾ȻˣǾǿһЩܵõĺô
Ҫǣ뵽ԼͷĲҪȥرηʲôˣȸѾͷʹûΪҲλλľ磬ƲסڣҪŮİȫɱԼģ۶ƺҲࡣ
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ѾõƵĴѶ֪ҪϷΡΡŭ㣿Ȼǣǵūͣ㣬ţ飬һû꣡
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˵꣬ҲᰬɯķӦ̤ȥ
ɯԥһ£վüͷԼؽȥ
ЩֵˣŻȻѣȴŪΪʲôЩ˻ͻȻʧͳ֡
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ոߵĲͲֶ̫ӣһϢ֮Ŀ֮Ҳ¶˼ֺ棬򵥵Ľ˼䣬˰֣µˡ
ûаƵԼĵˣƸ䡣
һ·޻ƴŰɯո̤븮ۡ㷢Ҹ֮еŮȻѾˣڲ¼ҡ
ǣǷ߾ȻһĴŮ֮󣬷׷¶˾֮ɫ
Ψ²ҵĿȸȾȵ㣬ȻȥһȦִһ
˵ǲץ˭ҵĹˣλ㣬ǲҵܵץģ£˵Ҹ˵
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ѽɯʦݾһ
ݣ㣿ǣƣɯ𾪵Ķơ
֪޷ҲѾܵĿռ˵ɯʦϣΪұܣˣôڵ۶
ңɯ˫жʱͳ˼ۿȻ
ɯʦѹȵ˵ס˰ɯĸ첲ɯǣ˿
мλ֮ٴʵɯʦ׷ʲô飿
ңԭǲã۹һŮǣǰҵĸȴɱҲᣬҼе˼ȫɱֻļ˳
ɯͽ֪ơ
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Щ뵽飬ȴҪȰɯĸͨ͸̫ڰвٿһС
ɴˣƶ̫ӵҰĺĿġ
ӦǴ㽫һϮնݳȨջػʼңƿһˡ
̫Ӳ򵥰аһ


430 ǿշ
갬ɯֻ֮ܳ԰οɯʦҸס飬Ѿ޷أҲһʱ״ǻǲҪˣ϶̫ӵİв鲻ô򵥣
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ɯ˵ͷǱʲôʦˣһУ
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ðݽɯȥϢƱ˫ϸŽ顣
ȥƺҲûд˵ģʱҲʲô飬ԼֻҪʵʵĴڵ۶̫ҲӦò̫ڵԼ
ŮҸ֮ҵǰԼѪɷ˽˳Щﵽʥǳ䵱лӶˣʵһ¸ۡԺﰲˡ
ֻŮȴҪƿǾȥ֣Ҳɢɢġ
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ȻΪŮİȫǽУر檣пȸ顣
Ů֣æ͵УԼȴ֪ҪûʵŮ޷
һҹڶԺ֮УʶĴʥͼʮС
ֻǴʱǹⰵ޹⣬·һƬƬڰţһɺĹһͬĺ֮С
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֮ҲԼ뵽ģģǶתķѾ򵥵һתܽƵĻĴ
ÿһξĴڶƶԵĸоҪκεɵҩкô
ΪĴͼתһ̣ԸоԼ·һС棬ʵǿ֮䣬·һ΢ϵ
ֻϵ֮£ȴƸоԼĴԼԺеͼǸոճӤǿգͬǴһ㣬Լзпܱǿո
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ͬӤڲϳɳĹУѧϰ˵һ㡣
ȻƱ̬֮е˲ʧȡ֮һ͵ĸоͷ·Сʱڸĸıǰ㰲ȫ
ǿ棬ͬԼĸĸһȻںǻԼƺԼϵ֣һε
ţѵǿ֮аһȻ־ǲΪκ˶תƵģȺ֮ף־ȣʲô֮Ҳϰˣҷ飻к֮£ץסɣͿΪԼãͬǷ˿Ƽһ㣬Ϊ츣ЩռҲеһС
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ǲ֪絽ʲôȴΪԼá
ڵˡ
ǿ֮ƵԺ֮ɢԺ䣬żɢȻԲĵ۶ˡ
۶еһУҲͳƵԺ֮УЩеϼһһҲӲƵĸӦ
ֻЩȴ֪ԼѾƸ֪Ϊģǿ棬ǿ֮
޲֮УǸͲֱܷ治ʲôͬ
ʹ֮йȻи֣Ƶע˻ʹԺһߴĽ֮С
һ˱濴ֻжʮ꣬ƹۣʯ֮ڡ
ֻʯ֮УȴֲɫĻʼϵıա
ѵǸãۣӦɣ˳ʶ̽ϢȽǿˡ
ףȻһ񣿡ͷһڻʳ֮Уַһ׵ߡ
˶֮⣬еǾǿȸƲ²ĲȸΪϢҪǿĶö࣬ɣȸȫɱ˵ʵ
ţ˭ͬھ֮еĿȸȻ˫ۡ
ٺ٣ȻԸӦҵĴڣ͵Ц
֮е𾪵Ŀȸܿͻָ˵ƣɣ
ȸþȻԸӦң
ɲҪˣǽӽΪƿصռ֮һģҷҲûʲôʲôʱȫģռ֮Ϊһ壬Ҿͷֲˣȸʱûа֮ģʮֵࡣ
ԭˣǲҲֹĪһ䡣
ôʲôԼУƣƾ㣬ʱȻ𣡡
ҾǺʣ
Ҳǲܸ˵ܸܲңĴʥһжٿˣ


431 ֮
һһţƻص
ͻĺԶ߹ңͼ֮󣬽ʮǧٿǳ
ʮǧ٣ͳ˼ȴȻԪ֮
ʲôԪ֮ȸˡ
ûʲô֪֪Ϊʲôûнɣ
˵һЩʮǧٿˣǣȴûȫ֮ӦǳˣʹӦʶռеĴʥͼʲôһҾͲˣҲûи˵̫࣡
ҲѾ𣿡Ʒʡ
ȷʵʮޱΪԵĹ壬Ҳγɶʮֻޡ
ǵĴǶʮֻޣԼĴʥĴγһͳһ壡
ȫΪһ壿ͷһΪ֮ǰʮ񹦵ʱ޷ĶʮںһģĴʥҲǸΪսҪһĵ
δٴηʡ
ҪԼˣҲҲùǿ󣬻ֻҪģǿյתĴʥ֮ͻԶһɣʱͿ˶õһĴĹ
лȸ㣡им
ҽˣҿˣҲ֪һξѾˣ
ꣿǻûһҹ𣿡𾪲ѡ
ʲôûһҹΪֱطԽӣصÿһΪûз
һЩˣоֻһСᣬ춼ûһҹȻѾˣʱĳǵֻǸоոģתˡ
ûдأȻĵãͱҪץסָоȥ´ξͲһôģǿתķˡ
Ҿʹԣģ⣡
ư֮ɷֳһʶͷ֮ϣǿ֮еǳУԺ֮еһǹ㣬ʼÿһԣת
ʱɺܻԺ֮еͼÿǿյĹ켣ȫתһΣ綼һꡣ
ʮΣƾ͸оռȻһĴʥ֮䣬ȻһεͬеĴ֣Ĵʥ͸ȫƿһ
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ţһ޵ڶʮ޺Ĵʥ֮֡
ףˣĪǾĴʥģ񹦣ȻѾ費ɾϲѡ
ֻǣһϲĴʥָ֮ӦʧˣתҲղôĬˡ
ͷ·εĹɣȻΪĴһ㡣
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һεʱ䣬ƺҪĶ࣬һշš
ֱ֮ƲŸһ֮µҵ֮еľ·ߡ
ֻǣưֹʱ򣬲ŷǶôļѡ
һסһ׵ĻƽҪǳǿ󣬸Լ򵥵ģӴǿ֮Ͳ
ʹˣҲ˿שͷСһ񣬱ὫԼľ˺ѡ
򵥵һ죬ƾͺķһꡣ
ɾһ֮ƵľȻһɣڹȻԶˣţԺ֮еǳͼңӦ̶ʹĴʥͼҲתһĴʥ֣֮ĴʥĴ
ƺֻҪһͿʱصģͬռ֮
ȻɺСȴһˡ
һƵξ˲ʧһ̣ͳǧ֮һСɽͷϡ
Ȼͷ˷ޱȣ̧ͷ죬Ƕ
ֻǴʱԺ֮УѾҪˣΪͼڵľͼƺѾԼĹ뷨ԶţƵΪҲȻȻʱ޿̲š
ʮǧ٣һ죬һҪǶҵٴΰһ
ֶ֪˵ô
Ǿһ٣Ҳһޡ
δɣʮǧǴޣͣͻʧ
ʹﵽɣҲҪÿʮǧһ٣ĽѣҪ߶׽ٸӿֲ޼ѰһСģͬҪһ
ҲֻʥˣܼܲԪѵӰ죬ΪĲ֮塣


432 µĵ
뵽˼Ԫ֮Ҳ뵽½ǣֻҪ켶ܻһԪʥ߹Ⲽµ󷨣Ҳеˡ
Ϊһ˶½֮򣬱ΪͻԶͣΪΪۣȡޡ
ǣǵ»ĻʹǣҲһٶʮꡣ޷Խǵʮǧꡣ
ţƺȻоµ׽١
֮Уƹһ޴ḥ̂ԽԽ֮ͣѾͷųԵʶؽƸ顣
ҾͶһĵ׽٣ЦһвǹȻ֣ųһ
Ǿ޴ǹâһҫ۵ľɽȥ
䣡
ûɵ׽٣Ȼһǹ̶Ȼɢȥ
׽ٴͼۼʱڿնջزǹ֮󣬻ӳһơ
һ֮ǧ֮ңٴλɢ
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һƾһأ֮󣬼ʹһ֮ˮҲܱһƴС
һʮǧͷ֮ӲƣǾΪƾһأϣ͵ڽƿصǬ֮Уӳȥ
һƣԿ׵Ĵݻһ
Ȼڻﲻ־磬һӳȥһ۶ҲǺɵ顣
ν׽٣ڵƿҲκһƳȥܿڲؿռĵĹ
ȻȥٴƼǽȴͬ
ɢ֮󣬲ûй̫ãȻٴξۼ
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Ĵ׽ɶȹ
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Ӧÿǧ򻯰ɣ֮㹻ɱ弶ˣԿԽ弶ûС
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ǰ˭һʼ̫̬ص
һҪǸҲпǵһˣ̫ӵ¿̽飬ûгʲô͵УǾֱɱ
̫ӵ˵ͷ
̫ӣ֪ΪΣһֱһֲõԤУϣ̫һСģ
ʦΪָо̫ɻ󲻽⡣
ǿ֮£һжӲǵ۾ʱ޿̲עǣ첻氡ҡҡͷ̾һתȥ
̫ţ˫ȭ͵һգ޷ȥָԼĶʦа㲻˫ȴɱʮĶǿգа첻棿ҾУµĵǣҽɱҡ֮Уҿ㻹ҲԼۣ
ۡеƣ͵͵Цǰ׷ߵһЩԾԷ
ֻҲɻǰԺ֮еǸƺһЩˣңԶǿ֮УһʲôڵȴԼ
ѵǵ򣿻ǰǣҵĸĸԼǸŮܰɣư֮ҲջĿ⡣
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ʱ䣬ǰչѾһʮˡ
ǿ֮ӦŮٴһϲΪŮȻﵽʥ۷壬ʱ̶ڵȴŶɽ١
ɲߵŮб½ŮӣʱǣҸ֮Уһֱչزܳȥɽˡ
̤Ҹ֮ңƳһЦһ
Ůգ׷ڿն𣬷Ⱦһ๫óˣ
ٺ٣һʹ뿪һɽ٣ûʥ黤壬ɽҲôףԣһҪСģȻҲ̫ǣе壬׽ٲʲô
˵ͬʱҸ֮Ҳ˲ʧŲƣ뿪˵۶ֱʮ֮⡣


433 ֵϷ
Ůɽ٣Ҳǳ˳һɽΡ
ΪߣɽΣﵽļ硣
ƿɲһطɽ٣ǽı仯ص㣬ҶһЩɽֵ
֮ƲŴط۶
һȥһûܷ֡
ֻǼŮɽٴﵽ򣬰ɯܲζһٶ꣬һֱδģ֮£ҲҸ֮С
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ߣǳȥ֣Ц
ŮһҪǳȥһԵ÷ǳ˷ܣȸҲȥ
һʱ䣬ʮλŮӣ幫Ӹ磬߳˷š
ˣҸ֮оޣȶΪƿɲҽǶϣ򣬻Ҫ˺ˡ
ֻ˷֮ƾͷԼĹȫ졣
һֱܰĹ֮⣬ŮȫˣڽֵԣΪ飬⡢ǣԼҲнҺʹָҪ
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ڵ۶Ҳû˸ǡ
ǣŹС֣Цôȥ棿ϲʲô㣡
񾲵ҡҡͷǾôţ㲻úҸ𣿡
㶣ǰǿһֱôУǲǾͲȥˣһҸطȥԶٴͣһ˵
˵ͷβŮ֮ĴԵƷ
ֻһ˵Ϣȴܿ촫˻ʹ֮С
ã۹һʮ˸ÿһһλ󹫣ϮǶὫĽӰˡ롱۶ж˼ӡ
Ҳ⣬ϴ̫˵ʹ͸һЩòŮӣһֱڱչؾ֮У̫ʱ޷Ƶĸаߣſȴһֱ˼š
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ūףΪԤϣǵΣ
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Ȼˡ

ɸŮ󣬿ľȴעÿһŮӣκһǵ飬ܱƵһʱ䷢֡
ȻһӣˣŮӭ˹
һֽȣΣͷĿ⣬һһӵܣŮеļ֮¶һ˿࣬һ֣˹ȥ
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ߵмҲ档
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Ƿ̺ͷŮֱӵ˶ԷһۣǣϲǻԼһͲʲôˣ
ӼˣŭЦŮӣλǼס˽ִ󹫵ĳӣ
û˵㻹߿ˣǹ֣Ҹ㣬ǵ๫ںأ๫ˣԲ˶ߣԣԷɫ
λﶼѾˣǿϧˣһĺһǵ๫ǺҲȻܵõλͬʱ
һ๫㣿´һԷִ˵ΪԼ࣬˱ȴ޷͸
̵䣬ߣ๫鷳
̳ĬţҪƿӡ
Ӵǲ˵ǵ๫ںôھߣǹƭҵģô˵ҲǸ򣬶λҲرϲλ͸¥һģΣ
ŭˣòײűԼ๫ų֣Ȼֱ˴ţȻһǣһ磬ͳ˺ӡ
󵨣ȻҶҼҹһ߶ٺһ̧һƣжȥ˷̵ľ磬Ʊץ磬ץ̵ļͷ
ͷһ֪޷㿪ˣս׼ȴȻֶһˡ
˲˫ָ£罣ĵס˶Էһץ


434 һǬ
һץסƵָҲǳ𾪣Լٶ
ŭ֮ʱȴоƵ˫ָ֮ϣȻͷһȻ֮ǰޱȣץס
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ԷҪɱĻҲ׶١
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ߣͼ͵ϮңҼūͷ̣кβɣĪ㻹ҽѵүɣ
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СӣҶҼҹԼ弶˫һȻһֱš
ţһԷȻ۾ֱӹֶλǺټġ
ȴûжռ֮ǰһεǽڡ
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ˣм򣬾˸ˣɣ˭ôôѵǸ߼򣿡
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ƵĿȴڶǸλѾɵˣ֮ǰ̽̽Ƶı£û뵽ȴ˶ʧммۣôһûˡ
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һĻԭʮηȻ̣ںȵɱˣɱˣ
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435 ֻ
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յƴֻǱװûдƾʲô
ӦһҺƣ
ģָǵֶŹԣɱΥ۹ɵģǸȥһţѺߣ
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飬ֲЩϺзܣвϱǵ̲̲Һ
˵ɣתߡ
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ŤͷɨһЩͨľһ壬쫷ɢ䡣
ʮֻʥ򼶱ľʱ͵˳ȥˤĽų죬еĳǹҲ˦һԡ
㣿Ҿܲ췴ͷ˵䣬һѳĳһɫĹâӳֱգγһѾ޴Ľ𽣹Ӱ
ɲֻԼƣ֪ͨＯᡣ
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Ϊߣһ򼶱Ľ޿ͷ˫ǽһ˫ţۣŭڳˣô£
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֪λʲô֣ƿóԷƷӦòͣ弶򾳽磬ϵĿҲǶ
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ŮҲû⵱£ܿûȺ֮С

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̫֪ķ̬֮˫͵һ̽־͸ˣŭǹƣǹ֪
ܿ죬ͽŭѹȥ÷ǳƽ¶ЦݣȻпռ򵥰ǲ֪㻹жٱ£棿Ǳ̫Ӿͻİڵ۶һҲ밲
̫ӣҪūЩʲôһźͻأĳ̫ӵǰ
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ǺҲ֮ʧ
ţȲҪǵˣЩ޹ؽҪȥ̽·
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ͬһʱ̣ƵҲͬʱ¶Цݣֻ©һжǹ֮£ǿ֮УңɱǾͱһȣ˭˶࣡
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ֻһȴѾﵽŮڸϲһ󷨣źҹ١


436 ҹ
ʹ֮Уֻʣ¿ȸƶˡ
ֻЦȸ˵᲻ˣ
ﶼˣʲôңȸ䲻ĵһۡ
ԸԸң
һֱ꣬չһٶ꣬񿴺һչߵŮˣ㻹ͷ¶棿룡
ƿſȸǾգӣͷҲֳߣ˵Ͳһ֪֪ںܲŮ
˭ԸŮ˭ŮûָˣװôŮʲôˣҳְ㣡ȸ˵ţѽһŤбαϣȻ̧һȣŷ˷ϣӣʮһˡ
洩ſӣҪ¶׵ȹӣ߹ⲻɡ
ǷǸˣ治֪ôŮ̳ӵģ
Ʊ۾ҲȸͨȸķӦ²ȸӦһԭģǲԸԼô򵥡
ֻ֪һӽΪλ񣬻ʲô˼ɡ
ҲԼļƻƻɲֻǰУǹս
ҹӰϢƸۡϷƬ̣Ƶϡ
âһͬʱξʯ콵һ㣬׹ȥǽǿ磬Ȼ˷һ룬ֱƵͷ
ֻһ̣Ƶξʧˡ
ͷһ룬ȴܵĻѾ˱仯ѹѹޱȣǹҫһзݶѾʧ
ǹѽ⣬ƿ౵Ĵ̶ֱƺˡ
˼ˣ֮͸ֳһսףгɣֿЩǹĽ

˵ֵͬʱɢȥͼɢ롣
ȴײһεǽڣǽռǰ̣˱˻
Ŵεǽ֮УޱȵĳÿһѶһˡ
˼æóֵѳķɡ
Ѳû˲ٿصĳȴֻ΢һ٣һ˷ɻ˹ȥ
һƸѸ͡

ˡ
彣ֱӽеĳնϣǴ͸ǵսףû˵ڡ
ɫİ׹֣˾͸У˹âȻ裬ֿѾˣ˲ûһֻһƿ֮С
Ƶֳͷ׵ƿС
Ʊ弶Ҫþƿ˵мҲΪ򵥡
ƿ֮еףǿԽ˶ʱ֮޷ۼ
ףԻһУ궼ܸˡ
ȻҲֻͬҲ弶ΪռףǿҲ弶Ҫһǣ´ƶɽٵʱռǿС
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ܶ˵ѾΪˡ
ҲΪƿм³ֵԭ򣬵ʱƽǵ󱬣ֱӾ˾ƿǵıʶֱӻɢ
ν֮գ޿ײ룬ͬҲһδ׽ٺը
ɵľͽмƲЦЦҡҡͷռ֮ȴչţʱ̵ע̫ӵķӦ
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мɱǾɸ߼Ҳ߼ˣˣ̫ӷģ˵˾ǿŵǣһ췢֣Ҳһ
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еȴüͷǺʲôˣĪǰڽ͢ˣ̫Īǻһɿµ߼򣬳ʮ񣬻˭
ͬʱҲһֱźʳǵһΰĴԺ֮Уͣһûһң֮ڣһɫεĺߡ
ˣ˫ų⡣
Ҫҹ֣ɱһˣ
˭
ƣϢӰͷųһѶϢûߵԺ
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ҹɱˣͿֱ뿪ǣ븴һӰ³һ֮Ҳƾʧ
߲ϲŭȴٴα˫ۡ
ӰĪҲǿռϵ򣿲̫ܡΪʲôҸӦľΪϼһӦǰ˼ɣѵǲã۹ЩСеĸ֣˵۶Ʋ²⣬ȴҲ˫ۡ
ڶգ
̤ţŮһȥʳǹ㳡ȴԼȫȥȴһڿն
ܿ죬һ¥ʮ繬һĴ֮ǰ
ſ޴ʯʨӣɣףóǹľǰ
ֱſڶٺһʯʿף


437 
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ھǰ֣һִߴ¥̤ŭơ
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ĺһֱܳʮ֮һʯԾʹʯѧϰѧϰƻص
ʯʿһƾȻ׵ĵԼѹŭԷȻ˵ѧϰΪҪսһҪڻʳǰ
ʯʿ״𻰣߱һߣһСС弶ҲҼҾսǿҹС֪ôģ
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Ҫ֪һ㶼ѧϰս־;ģͨ顢ʥ飬һģ¶
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ʯʿڵķλʯʿ׵ıȻơ
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ĺ󱳡
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ƣͬͬٶȣͬƲɵ
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ûнԪ񣬵ศɵģˣʹҲˣ֮Ũ񣬽ֿٵ֮һµ
ΪѾԶһңԺҪҲѾʮѡ
»ʯʿףɫ𾪵ĶƣĿ͸¶ʮη塣
ʵţһ߼򣬾Ȼ弶ǰûκλֵĻᣬԷƣû˿ļ
һεǿܽܣһֶǿһǶʧΪΪۣ󲿷ֶֻܹһΣҲᳬΣȴŴΣӣԼ٣Էٴι


438 һս
˲Ƽ϶ǿСӵôģʯʿװһһ˫УԼܱܲסǸ⣬ʱѾļɵˡ
עãʯʿײŹ˵ˣ
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ʮ֮һʯʿףȻһ弶ܣһǺм֮ĲҰܣˣ䣬ҪΪµľˣ
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ˣƻȡ̫Ӷٺһ
ӣźͻȻ֣һ
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Ժ֮ڣ뷢׵˫ָա
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ǲҾͲҿ϶ˣߵЩŮУһҲ޷͸߻ּ䣬ͽȸӰ֮С
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ǾŴÿһһļߡӦòΥԼֵģĳ֣Ȼ㣡
лʦ̫ŹȥĿȴһĨ

˵սʯʿֱ֮ڿնŮһͬ˹㳡Ͽա
ƮƮľգٴ˾㵣ѪǣƮݵӰ
˵һĻ·ĿɿڴԭԼעõȺŮӣȻ弶Ůˡ
һʱ䣬Ƶʹ۶
˶벻ǣƴŮȻʮھŵľ֮ۡǰͬһսԼ֮󣬵۶Ͽһս
ƣ۶˵ͬڿճʹ˸š
һָӰħƻʮʮʯʿ׵սѾӳˡ
һʱ䣬СӺͯߣйءơ顣
ҲûصۡƣȻԼլԺϿ֮գԶռû롣
ЩӦöʯʿ׵ɣֻǱս֮󣬵۶ˣӶתΪˣҲԿ˵ףưһҲҪĽ
һս
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ֹ̧һ·̵ıЦѧϰˣ
ңһЩȵĶƣԼ֪Լ˲ƣôƷ
֮ͨҲᣬԿռⲻˣֻҪܽҽЩ֪ʶգʹ޷˲ƣٶҲؽкܴߣûʲôˣ
ƷҲѧ𣿡ʵ
ҡҡͷҪѧǬҲҪﵽ޽ɵļ֮ԻᣬΪԺеͼұһСأ
ô죿ѧôţƷһЩġ
õǳ𣿺úõΪʲôǿ˵ˣýʱ򣬾Ҫ֣ҿ᲻װ۵Сִڱ˵ϣ˵䣬ס˷̵ܷܷ֣ͷһڡ
㻵̻æ֣ϾǺΡ
ԺĵʱߺȻ̤ӣһˣ˵̫ӵͶģ
̫ӵ£ǽȥ˵
ǣӣŤˮתء
ŮԺˣһؿ֮ڡ
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ʶһ㽫ܿռƹһ񣺡ˣ
ͶʲôʵȻǿдӲԺȥȡ𰸣ȴûôΪڲѾ˶ӰΪ


439 ݷ
ǵ߹ǵĽ壬ѾΪûȦԣʹﵽƵūͣ޷Լϵ
ʮŮӣ򾳽磡ص
̫ҵİɣ֪ǵܷշƷʡ
ӦòѣֻŮȴշ˼ʹҪҲҪܣ̫һΪҰģ̶㷢ѣ
Ƴ˼Ƭ̣֪ȥɣʲô飬Ѷң
Ҳˣֻ˵̫л㵥˵ȺһֱڳҪ㣬㿴
һǲֶֻоͷƤ飬վ̤뿪
ʮò绨Ůӣ׶ǰ򼶱𣬺˸һſ
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ƶԲֶ޿κΣ˱ǵĴƴЦôθл㣿˭֪ˣ
ֶһ죬æһһƵСϣһɣ㣬򱾹ע⣬̫ӵѾָʮˣҿԺô죡
ٺ٣ƣƣ̸Ц䣬ҲĿǰʮŮӵϡ
а˸ԴȦƣŮȴС
ƺǣŮӣ˫̥ãֱһģӳģһͷɫķ˿ͬĸǰ͹̡Ƥ׾һɫѣΣν
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ҲΪ׵˫̥˵ǽʲô֣
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ȴüͷʮֿ϶ʮŮӾԻԼʱ֪̫ӡ
ֻҲ޷ܾܽʮ˸ߡԾͼװȥżǳȥҲûʲô
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Ůûзʲôͬǵע⵽Ļ𾪵ķ׷׵ɴ˫
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ѽţжứһ¾˳͵رסƣͶƵĻ๫ء
ȻһŮɾͼˡ
ĹæҲȼһ͵ƵҲѩѣÿ춼Ҫ
ҵģҲˣݹȥһѩѡ
ŮսţƬ̹ƵѾ߸
̡ŮѾȷ˹ϵһģĻ˵ܵܵʱ̶˽㡣
һԿֵѩҲƵһǱĵĴˡ
һ¿ڳ˸ѩѣҲƴﵽ񼶣ҪȻܲˡ
˿ĭ³һѵԼ๫ˣǲ֪к𣿡


445 Ҳѹ
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ɶ˵£Ҵǽ̶ȥŰ˸ѩѿһ
ȥ˭Ůɻ
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ɶӡŮֺͼѩѣ͵ǣҲѹǻΪƲҪˣǸˡ
֮£ֻý뷨˵ŮȴԸ⣬ǵ˵⹴ͼѩѣֻǽúƲ˾Բ
Ѿ˾ģȻı䡣
๫ѵҪ˰Ҳ𣿡ƵĻǧ
ƸŻеĽᣬȴֲ֪ν͡
ǿȸʲôԵģӦĳ˳ԴײŶԣ˵Ϊʲôûҵģ
ȸ㣬㲻Ѿ𣿡
ͲҪˣУøҲһЩȸġ
Уͷ͸ȥҲˣ๫ҿΪãԺ˳ѩѣֲһˣʱһὫǵͼɺڰ׵ģÿʮװһУֻںòɫͼ˰ɣҪȫµ˶֪ǵĴڣ
ŮΣֻܷ׷׵ͷ
ߵŮӣһʮλ
Ѿƻˣʮս֮ŮȥǸȥ춼ԼߣҲǲƽģԼԼ檾ˡ
ףҾͨеǣԱû̫ģҲʱȥԼˡ
֮Ů齫򽫹ŮͼѩѷַǱˡ
һԺҵ֮ʱ΢Цеݸ˹һѩѣһǧһĻңû뵽ƾȻԼ
ȻĵģֻҪƲԶܱ
ѧϰƵ֮еķɱ̳Уûб
ƺûʲô仯֬ӣƵĿǰ˼ɬ˵ϸ壬һлл㣬С磡
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촽ƺоƵĿ⣬мֺΣȥƣ΢΢ĵ˵ͷţС㲻õҵģֻҪƽ£ҾͲ£
㣿㣬ĵǲǾңڽеɻ˳
գͷһȻһĪĽţ£Ƶľܾ˵ϻ˭ɱĻֻƣҲֻҪƵһ仰һ
£ңģһΪԼģҵֻԼ㣡ƿһ
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µ˵ͷԼûҸҲû̹ʮֿ϶ʹ׽٣ҲԲὫԼĵĻȥ
ˣΨһңԣҹԺ׽ħٵĻҲһң˵ѾˣҲԸ⵱ĵģһҪǣ֪ۺʱεأ㶼ҪԼҲңҲ᲻Ը⵱ĵģ˵
С硭ءºȻһѩ̣Ŀ
Ѿջ֣ûȥȰοʲô
ֱ²ٿƲŽ˵׽٣ֻһβħɣԣڶҪģ
С磬㣬᲻úܳأǰǰҲ֪ͺͿİ㵱ˣҶˣҵΪԽߣĵķɾͻԽǿһ޷ܵģ
ǺǺǣѵһһЩﶼܳ䵱ģҾͲˣϹôˣΪҼ֪ͣĵжˣЦЦվʹȥ
һͷȴСħŮȻĹĴԺ˽ƾȻ֮ʱ˫͵ɵԲ


446 
ѽô㣿ǣСħŮƺҲûб仯Ըڵķ̡
һϮɫ뾱̷ëë۾ԲԲԵøĻöˡ
ƽûϸȥͣյϸƲŷԭСħŮô
һ뵱˵һμ棬ȻܺҲһЦ
ʱǺãǸʱȻ׷ɱķȴɺܵͣڣĸΪŮԼȾƣԼԻкܸߵľģһŽԷ߷ɡ
ҲܿɰȻӵһμܺԼƺ˼ҡ
һĻĻԽǻ룬ƵԽҸ
ҿ˻ǸˣǰڵĻ߱仯̫󣬻һ¡
õ飬ǶԺ󣬲ĳһ˲Ȼ𣬵ʱǺõĸоġ
ͬ˶ỳԼĳһżһĳһ˲䣬һЦЦȴпɬеζźϣʱԵ
Ŀԣƺ˶˶ԷֻǿſţۿҲʪ
һٶˣ˫ѾԼעһٶ۾ڡڷԼһ˲䣬ӿǧҸڼҲһЩί
С첻ϵĲպȻ˵ϣ
ǶôҪͶƵĻǣƵпֻǻ䣬ûа顣
ԣůĻעԵ
һ̵ѾŮ޳ˣԸ񣬿϶ǿ׵ġ
ҲװͿΪƿԼѾôˣΪλҪٴνди飿
ߣļ򣬾ͼȴ뱻˸ź۽ıظǽ֮ϣĿԽԽ
Ƶ˫һЩԼ֮ջĺϣģôˣ˭۸ǼҵСħŮˣ
ءɿ޸ͣ
Ʋ֪ΰοˣ޾ͿްɣԼֲԿ
Ƶ½ȫĴʪ𽥼ᣬ̶Ȼ뿪ƵĻȻΪЦĿƣ˵ǵԺӸʲôǲ۸ǼҹˣΪʲôкˮ
ƻش𣬹¾Ѿߣߣ㻹˵أԼΪʲôޣ
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ħеѵ𣿾ͺµħһģ
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С磬ʵҷ½еĺöķʹﵽɿеͨ治֪Ϊʲôɻķʵ
½ĸȼķʵǴ½еļ򻯰棬ѾγضϵϵֻʺǣķʵǲֵȼģֱͬһԶøı䡣ĵңۺʱҲı䡣ĲʧĲǾԶ赣Ժ·;ĹǿԲϵĸ
ƵĻöŮĵ˵ͷҲ˵ֲҷֻħ߽׵ķڻʹáҹǸ߼򶷵ʱ򣬷ֶԷ־ħ߽׵־ֻڵ̬仯Ĳʵʸı䣡
֪һõķǿ԰һģҲǹۿսԭ򡣶ˣѩѣԺǿЯֳȥѩѣ˶֪ǵĴڣμǣףǡǡǣ
ƴӴָһѩ̣ݸʱ۰ͷ㷢üЦǺȥ
ֻǿƵıӰ͹ͬʱĬˣһۣŮֶԷǰĻ죬ƺǰʧһ㡣
ֻһ̣ǻɫֱ˵İԹ
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ʮߵһλ׵ߣ޳ֱͷɫһϽķ緶ҲѾȺʱ
ͷ·Ʈ֦ٹ죬ӰƺԵ÷ǳģ


447 ս߾
ƺòԷһ񣺡ǰ
裬Ʈ첻ֻ΢΢˵ͷְɣ
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˴ǣһȻֻҪ޷˲ŲͲӳһӰ
Ȼˣһ죬ĲӰɢֳΣһƻУ˳ȥ
䱻ˣһƣ֪Ҳ޷һơ
ȴɫأͷ죬Ȼһ䣬ĳ
ٴ̧ƣһ
ͷһĻжǸп벻Լʹ÷֮ƵĹıǴһ򹥻ȴӲƵĸ֪
һֻ޵ĴӰҲη壬˫չľ־ɢγһĴǣ̶ᣬһ״־ǹ
䣡
޵ǹƵһǬײһ𣬷һ졣
ǹֱӱ飬ӰҲ֮һ٣ٴɢܣγһԷ
дաᡣ
־ԴͨĴ磬ҸΡȻ֦衣
ƵһƿɲǶ磬һǬһƾһأֻ΢һ٣˲ǰƣܵװ־ײһ
ݿһ㣬ǰơ
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˼ȥҪ˶ã뿪ɳĮ
ɫ԰ޱȵ䣬챧˻У̶ա
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ʦʦҼиСãŮղ
ǾԺ˵
ʦҲŮͷ͸ɣ
ƻһƣһͳ˵۶
˵һĻǲԶŮЦͣƵ̵ӣôôǷᡣ
ܲңһЦ֮󣬲ֶӰʹ·ͬһ߶ȡ
㣿ɵˡ
ҿ˵ٴ˾ҾģԺҵ֮ˣʦһɰֶһ׹ա
һһֶ֮Ůͬһˮƽߡ
ţԣɫҲҲʥͽܣʲôʱﵽҰɣ
ҪʦҴﵽٰʦͲˣĸӵԼ־ʦ㻹ңҲ˼ҰĿƣȴһ޷Ų㡣
ͷ˵ɣ
˵ֶ꣬һսĻ׳սＱתƿͷ˻ʳǣһǰ
λԷ
ҲǲͲֶĸף۲Լĵܵܣү


448 Ů
ŮͲֶһͬգմţκ˲
ƵȴѾۼ˲ҪʦˣһƬ
ڵʵѾ㹻ԼˣͬЩһԼľţ֮еˣǸǵġ
ƿɲһЩ֪ϸܿƵ˽ԼԺ䣬ߵ⼸ʮŮӿɶı
ʦʦֶƵһֻ첲֡
㸸״ӦƵ˲ֶһۡ
ҸŲңͲҰΪʦڵΪ㹻ʦ
ҲУͷָָҲǲԣ
ֶţһЦʦɶܸܲҲһ
ҲҪѩѣƵɵŰѩѡ
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Ůգһϲ׷׸档
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һĻЩӿˮֱ׷״򿪴ָҲʲôȼһԵĵ
̵Ů߲ܣһһѩѣƬ֮䣬ŮͶţӵ͵߲ȡ
ҲֻǸһѩѰˡ
ҲûȡŮķء
ֻڷ쳤ֲ̾ǰҪŮأôͺ˼˼Ҿżʥֻ˼һѩأ
ȷʵҪʯҪĸΪҪøĴ󣬲ҲҪÿһŮ춥Ŀռ
һЩŮȥҪ֤ÿ϶һռռﶼҪһҸ֮ӵġ
һĲҪʲôˣ֣˲ռ֮У̶ͨ󷵻ء
ֻҪ˲ռڱ˵ҲûʲôΪ˵õĿռҲܴ򿪣ǿд򿪣ֻʹ顣
ңҲͨռеĴ˲ﵽȥԮ
˫ϸĻ֮սԷķ൱ʥŮ橵ĶħҲзĴʥȻʱ޷廯ʥޣʮ޶ķ
ԷƮȴֵѧϰ
־ҪķˣҪϸκ־ܲϵ׳

ƾ޵ͬʱֶҲһѩֺǺǵķ˼ҡ
ʱĸײԷڿ֮УֶˣԷֻǵ˵ˣ
ţںʹʲôأ
ԷͲʮ꣬ûк룬߽ڣƤƣ̬лصΪͽ𣿡
ֶƺ˱ƾܾ飬ҡҡͷֻӦԺָָң
Էﳤһ˲ܣøмӮϣ
㣡ֱ³һ֡
ԷƤеСֿ˿ֶأ
ûϣֶҲǳֱӡ
ԷҲסˣٺһСһͲ˵ģѵϣɥʧŸˣ
ֶһЦǰסԷĸ첲Ů˵ʵҾðɣֱ֮ˣһЩ
ֱãԷŭݡ
ѽǿߵͷ㶪ˣֳǸˣǲ磬ûʲô˵ģ
ǾͶô϶һ䣿ƵԶù֮İ˼򣿡Էɷ߷߲ƽ
Ƴ˵һʹ˲֮⣬ļαȶûʹ˲ƣԣûκεáʲôã̫ӵµҲû㣬ϣܰƵɥʧ۷磬Ҳһλ֣
Ҫ˵仰ֻڼ˵Բܴ棡Էѵ
֪㵱ĵһսüͷ
ʤǰܣҶһսҾҵ־һʹУҲܴѧһЩοô֪һ䣿Ƶ־أǣ̫Сˣ϶ܺ죬οд͵ģѵƻƿҵ
ŲԷĵֶ̾һһԵϡ
̾ʲôԷԼŮһۡ
֪̾˵ûʲôãһֻ𣬾Ļ𣬵Ǹ޵ʱĻ棬мʥŮ橶ˣһǹǹ
ǹôˣԷ󼱡
ˣ˵ˣӦò˺ģҺʹһ︸ݺݵһ٣ֶ߷ߵ˵
ԷһЩɵۣϵ۸öŮϵһԶŮ


449 Ůҹ
๫а𣿡ƿƵķţʵ
һЦӦû⣬һǬܶ㿪Ĳ࣬Ȼ˼⣬пƿҵǬԷܴңԣĥҲܰѶԷĥ
С֣Լԡ
ûãѾﵽ˶򣬶Ҳˡ
Ƴ˼ҲڸӦܸơ
ʵħʦȻԪأҲͨħԪضͨģҲ˵ÿһħʦʦֻǴֻܸһơȫϵ
֮ڤ֮ڣҲ˵ȫϵħʦˣƣԣ壻Ԫأң㣬˾𣬸ɣȴ໥๫ƿؿռ䣬֪ܷıеԪعɣͬ½ʱʹף
Ǵ׶ԸԷƲ
Ǹǿĸ֣๫ǬƥҺ๫Ǭ̫֮ڿն˼ǿǺ׳ռģҲͺƿǬ֣ϣоżľأż۷ÿռһ˿ѷ죬ʱ˼Ҹǿ׵Ľ㣬˲˲ݶһã
ģ԰ɣǲǿȸģס֫˸
ɵķƵĻҾ֪ס๫
ǺǺǣĺˣһսܲԷ֮ҾͰһսһʱ䣬ʮ¾ˣ
ȸ㻹˵˼ɲǬ־ܽģʹ˼ҵ֮ͿԽԼ޷
Ʋû̧Բ°ͣͷȥ
ţ๫ֻоȫһ֣
Ƶ˫ȴѾϲʵã̶Ȼ룬סǾûпѩࡢ
Զϣ˵ȴԽԽ٣Ưգǽɴ֮С
Ƶ֣Ƿᡢ֮·ҲѾȻ롣
һ͵ؽƱסصӵڻףʹö˾һз֮Ժ
һʱݾǴɫ
һҹ˫ޡ
ֹ֮ͣɫȻѾ
ǹ˲ƵĻͷƵı۰һֻֻƵ壬๫ʵڸҪжߵֻҪԶƽƽһҾþҸ
ǺǺǣҲ밡ֻǣ飬ʹûлᣬʹûǰЩСĥѣмԪ֣֮Ҫʥǰף˵꣬תֽӸѹ¡
๫춼ˣպΣһҹڣʹҲһЩԲˡ
ٺ٣ôˣʱ䲻ǻһǲ˫ޣֻǰ㣡
˵ţƵסǷᡢͦѩ𣬲ϵʹȥ
๫ҪٴƵ
ʲôҪȥඣ
๫㻵
òײŻһأ췣๫
ŲҪš

˴룬һ̤ͬţŮƺѾ֪ƵķҹҲû˵ʲôһӵһǣ̧ƣ๫ͣ򲻹ܣ
ӣһ·̵ıǼ⣬ڿն
ۿȥ߿տһˣ·ķϣȴ鱻վˣ϶Ⱥ
һԷգͲֶڻʳǵĳ¥ۿ
үˣ̧һ֣һס
ԷŵȻһΪֱӻƣȴƲûѹסͷη壬΢΢ͷְɣ
³ܺȻֳ˲ɫĹâһѳǧ׵ľ޽
֮ɵġ
ֻٴ׳һѽ⽣޽֮Уͷųһ⣬һ룬ûǽ⽣֮ڡ
ѽҲǵȻװ˵Ŀռȴ˵־ںϡ
ԣʱĲԷһѽ
ҪͱҪѽѽԷսҪľ졣
ֻǲԷǸүƽʱȥ̣ھкͰյԵڲ졣
Ϊʼ֮ˣǿԽʼ˵ģر۶֮У֮ߵ֮
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Ǹ磬Ǹܵ磬κһ΢Сı仯𵽶ŵЧӦЧӦ
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452 
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ֻ۱仯ɿԽ֫䡭ҪλǱĲƣЩԼǿʹżſȴҲѡ
ߵ־ȴΪǿǵ־еǣħر֮
ɲЩ¼򣬱֮󣬾Ͳôˣ־߾Ͳᱻơ
Ҹ֮ҵĿռ棬ҪԸɾҪ׵ˣɫǣԺҲһֻ֮£׻еĿľ޾˳ٵһֻ޴ɫǡ
໡ƵľǷһǺ
ľһȻֹͣ˵ֿ㶵Ŀơ


455 ԭ
㶵ĶĿľǣȻסˣ̶Ҳǿľһ壿
ôҲǣ
ǼС̶ı𣬵š
ſңҲܵģһͷɢɢ˫ü˫Ŀǣ֮ǰշֱǧ
ƵҲأĶŶԷ
ħ飿ٴʵ
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СӣͲܺúõ˵ҿڣǲԭϵȻҲҲֻС񣡡
Ǹã۹ĲԭϵĹң
ɫ΢΢΢ͷҵıпȣҵħǿľǣû뵽䣬һħˣСӣôҵˣһҺѵҲ壿
С˵䣬ֽ׻޵¦޵˳һֻ޴Ľ𹷡
㣿Ϊʲô¦ħ飿㣿ǻһǻߺ˲۷壬գ֮䣬ֿʼת
ȴ˲ջޣʥ׻Ӱ˳
޷ʥ׻޷ʵ壬ǣȴܼ׻ƣҲǰ׻־γɰ׻״塣
컰˵һｵһˮ㶹׻־һ߼͵ľǣȻֹͣ˱䶯βĶͷֻ׻˫оη壬ҲٴλĻɱ
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Ϊʲô̫ɱˣңԼɱʮɣҾʮĿɣǣΪ̫ӻķŹ㣿㷵زԭǲԭ񣿡ƻص
㣿ô֪ģȺǲ죬Ϊ̫֮飬Ǻ֪ġ
ʱڵ۵ˣ̫ȴ֪ݣԲôҪЮ㣬Ҫ£͸¶ݣЩ빥ɱ۵ĳˣػὫȥҲǣ
ȵĿɲ쳣˫Ķƣ㻹ûлشң֪ҵݵģ
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Ѿ˴𰸰ɣ˵գֱʧҸ֮ҵ档
ŮѾȺʱۿȥۡѾ֮һ˿ȸסԺõ֮⣬ķ䣬ȫ̮
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Ƶ˵ͷǽˣ
˵ͬʱƵʶҲ̽棬֮ǰֵǸصĸ߼ȴѾʧԷǹСĽġ
ܣҲ֮ȥ
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լԺǲסˣҸ֮ڣټ˾ۼԺУ˸ƵʮŮ⣬⻹ʮū̫ͣʮŮֻʣˡ
ˣʵ׷ʲô飿ºһͬʱʵ
з˫ǣӦһûʲôѾɱģȥΪҸסأȥһµլԺһʥħ޾ʯӦùˣ
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Ƶ˵ͷֻҪǰĶϾУ
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ǸߣͲʵ๫ΪȥլԺ
ΪǵЧʻܸߣһһֱǵģڣ̫ҲڲʲôҾŰɣ
˵֮ҹֽĹеĲԽԾˣҲԼһµլԺ
๫㻹ȾһʱɣϾҪˣһỹһս۵
Ƶ˵ͷ˿ȸȸ㣬ҺͲսܲʤ
ɱǲܵģڹڵƤӵ£ֲʹãֻƾ˲ƺƷԼֻ棡ȸ̬ķ
ƶԼʵǱȽģ԰˼Լȫһսؼʮǰλһ˶벻һѽ˻УС˵˾䣺ٺ٣ٻָõķ˫ޣ


456 ˫еı仯
ϸ֫סظǽƵĻУ˵СҲѹһǵͻˡ
ƾܻӭ˫ƵļȴֲͨУͱƱ𣬷˿ȸסԺ䡣
ιιʲôҵķ䣡ȸٺһ
ȸȽķһãһҿǻдսģ
๫һţ˵˫޾ͲͦͦظоˣǰôСˣиǲޡ
УƽڻڴϣǺͮͮЦˣϷˣ߰
˭Ϸˣһ£ô˿ţҲ
ٺ٣ɶȺã磬ǵõһμʱǸʱ򣬾ͬһͷĲӬһ˵ţƾǽϡ
˵ͷʮĹһۣ˭֪ǸʱΪʲô㣿ͿĸǸ㣡
ٺ٣˵Ե֣ƻЦһһֻȴҲ˳׸⿪ˣֻһĨأ˫ĸ棬̶ʹѩ״ϵĶš
ϲˣࡢʱʹ֮ϡ
࡭һһɬƵĻ
ȴǴꡭ⿪ԼҲϸ⿪ˣ֮ڻʹǷᡢͦѩȫԼϣһͽѹ·
˿֮ڲϷڡ
ãƲŻƣԲ°ͣľ̶ͷ֮ǰ˫ָǽؽסֻоһֻ޷ȫǣһֳʵĸоϵĴꡢࡣ
ƵĿڣ֮ȫĸֻоԼ棬ѾһЩ޷ˣ͵رסƵͷ­ȸƵĿ衣
Ҳ֪ʱȣ˳ƽˣֻоٶůνǰᡣ
ૺ˵ȴ񹦣໥ںϣʹö˵Ļڻš
鲻ԽĽ״̬ͼ壬һ̴С֮Ҳ֮壬Ļֻһɫһ˲䣬Ƶ֮С
ţ˶о޷Ľϣá
ƺӦƵһ֣ƣҲӦýĵֻж˵Ľϣܿ
Ĵʥ֮䣬ֻԭеһһ̶໥ƣеҲ໻ڣķȴһһ
еƺǻ꣬еҲӦǻҲֻлĴʥͼԼеǺ
ֻ²Ӧǻȴ޷֪޷ƣֻں˫޵ʱзӦ
ĴʥѾ룬ϵӽܣͼתĸӿݡ
һ˲䣬ƵĻͻָˣ𾪵ǣͶ룬һŵ
ͨɣҲѾﵽȫϵͨ֩һı֯Ƶͼ֮ڡ
һֻ̣Ĵʥ֮ͨʮ֮䣬Ҳͬϵһ֮ʹͼɢȻͽ˸γһ֡
ŶҵͼתԽԽ죬ڶ˵֮У͸оճ̶䣬ҹ֮󣬺նһ졢һ졭
˶о޷ټ֣δֹ֮ͣƲźȻ˼飺ˣѾ˰ɣ
ҲٲĳһЩıԹΪʲôûǣǶϣͲȶˣ
Ӧòᣬǿ𴲣
˿ٵĴ·һͬ뿪ţö
һԺţͷŮϹţ׷׽Ŀעϡ
ƵƤȽϺ񣬿ɸоһЩ죬ϾԼڷɶôŮţ̫ˣǴͷҿŮ
ߣٲҾȥˣ̾Сŭ
ǺǺǣǽϣ๫ƺƤǰ̸סˡ
̱ܣȴֻܽ˭Ҫ㣿ָ𣿽Сһ㡣
СʲôˣҲңǲ϶Ϊˣ
ʲô찡ǲԴͿˣ׼һҪˣ
죿һҹƳԾͬʱȴ
Ҳƣֲֻ˼ʳڣѵ˵Լ๫죿
ףΪô죿Ȼһҹ֮䣬ʹﵽļһˣǰĸ첲´
Ůһȣ̸ƿƣܵߣ𾪵ĽеۡҮôôһҹ֮ȼ
ɣæӦԼƣȻѾﵽļ򾳽硣
ͷƤ˵ŹһҹΪȴо죿
Ϳ˰㣿ҸоΪҲֲ࣬ѡ˫ޡһЩίĿָף˼ҲһأʲôһЩԴ׵ζ
ǺǺǣСѾͷƬӣܲ˵ģһѧϰѧϰҲΪʲôȥˣ˵꣬ڿն


457 ͵Ϯ
ƵڷɶŮҲ׷׷գȥҹլԺ¡ҲѾأôŮӵĳ֣ٴ۶
˿򶷣רſŮ
պҲٵķǧң໥Ķš
ؽˣƱ˱ȭ
Ҳ𻰣ֵһѩѣȼ֮һͽһ˸⣬û񫣬ֵȫһʣһ룬ż˵ƣ㲻尡ѩѵʱ˵û꣬ȫǶѩѣ
ؽ𣿺αô棿˵ţҲȡһѩѣ˫ָһȼˡ
ɾʱ򣬲ȻˣһɫĹââ֮ʱʹ˴̶ƿһѳ̩ɽѹ㣬˲ֱơ
ݣ͵ϮյģȻôթŵļæѩѣ˲ʧ
ɼʹˣɱǽâ򴦵·飬ƤƣѪ
ƸոΣȻ͸оٴδһΣУδ˲ƣʹһɾ޴ʶ֮̽£ͷһаɵĻŴڣ˾̡
һͣ˲ƣѾˣǰѱɳǧ׵ĳӭͷֻоһ죬޽֮γһɫǽڣ֮ռŤѹȵƷ˲ը

޽ƵͷƵ˲׹·һլУѿһ϶ֱصס
๫Ůһ
ٺ٣๫ȥɣһЦŮ·Ⱥ֮УȻһڵĽâǾ޴Ľ棬ǽŮȫǡ
Ů޴ĺâѹ֮£ֻоٴξ
һֱδĿȸüһ˫һȣŮĽ£γһ͸Ĥ
СɽĽâײĤ֮Ȼֹâһµ߷׹ȥȺ֮С
ȴûעı仯ɵľ޽žûҳѷ֮С
䡭
۶һζԭֻʮ׳ѷ죬˹ӣֱʮĳȣƬݡ
Ǻˣȸ˵Ǹַգٺһ
ȸעŶԷ͵ϮһȺŮӣʲô£ôҲҶ֣
ǷĿ⣬ֱߵ˫·ǿĵ߻һɵ
Ȼӻʹַ֮ɳһ׵ߣЦǺǺǣλǲҪɣ
ȸȥ⣬˵ֻỤǵİȫ˭˺ǣȹһأ
ұʹ˸ͽܣͽӣҲӦòɣ
ô˵ȥɱ̫ӣҲ֣ȸӦһ
ϷֻһԹߣԶֻǣ׵߻ص
ǲãۣҲ֣񣡡ȸĻһ䡣
һ˫ü𣬾Ȼ֪λشаѵŮģ˵Ļвֵʸ񣡡
һ涨ȥǵ񣬲òϵսûȥ磬ˣȴܴơ
ԥʱ򣬲Զĵص׺Ȼһ
䣡
һǧ׽ڷɶ𣬶ڽ·ƵӰҲðֻ˫Ӷһľ޴Ӱ֣գ֮䣬һһʧ˵ߣȻûĸ߿֮С
Ǹ޴Ļ˼ˣҲŭһǰĻ棬ȥ
ȻУǲûܶ˺ս׼ԷĽ𽣸û˿ãϵ־ĥ˲١
ַƣ͸˸߿ա
һ·׷ַը˾ͽϵ㡣
ÿһһڷֵ㣬ϵ㣬ȴǿ񱩵֮£ͬ𵶽𽣣ʱ̹ʹǾżҲﳤ
ֻܴԽ̶ǵ档
ƽ𽣻ɽƥ֮ǿĽɱʹòԲˣеս׻壬޿κΣֻжܵһơ
ƣȥ
Ľ𽣣Ѿץ벻ˣ㣬Ľɱ
ǽȴܲˣٵŤӿݣâʱʱ֡
ҾѾľȻ˲Ҫ͵ϮҾˣ͵Ϯҵ檣Ǻε˫ץסǧ׳
ʲô͵Ϯսս㶮͵Ϯ檵˲ɳȥģбһ˼ĸ߼Ҳӣ
ô˵ˣ˭
Ҳ֪
֪ŰɣߣǴȥˣ
Сǲëڻͬھ
㻳˭
֪
ǺãţǸ˻ڣʹˣ㲻ǻзҲɢ


458 ħ׳
㣿ˣǾ޴ĽС̶˱ֻǱ֮ϵսףȴ֮п֫⡣
ڣов̫ӣСӣɵӶң
һԣż׹뿪֮У֣ȴŲ졣
췢ңɫͨ죬Ŷƣ㻹ң仹У㣬ӮĲ־ף
Ž˳ȥҲջڣпҲǱ£㻹Ϊƴ־Ͷ㣿ߣ
Ʋмһ˵ɨ˲һۣʮȫĴʥ飬֤ܽĽ𽣸Ľ飬ʹˣҲòˣ˵ﻹûʹˡ
ңƻһɱûʹãʹʮ޲壬ҲܸԿһѵ񽣶ԵУʮ˿ڽͬʱַɱ֣߲½󣬾ǲɽҲֻķݡ
üͷоƺ˵ٻкȻ飬һ򣬶һħħűΪջɷԼķǸˣȴ֪Ƶķʲô
ʲôط¿ȥһƬİ֮أ·һ޼ʵƽԭǧ֮⻹һǳء
ħ׳ǣôˣ
֪ʲôطã۶жԶ
жԶ޺޵ĵһۣ֪ǳֻ˵ȴûԶԶ
ѵûֱã۶Ĵ󣿡
ʨͷҡҡͷⲢǲã۹ڹڼ֮أһǣһȸĵطôᱻ͵
ȸħ׳Ǵ
˵ͷΪȸħ׳Ǿ޹ܳһʱ䣬˷ǳ
΢΢ͷ˺ģȻˣǾһͬȥħ׳ǹ䣬Σ
Ҳԣȿ粽ȥһƺСȴǧ֮ң
˲ʧŲ죬̤һ㣬£ȶգȴѾħ׳ǵĳ⡣
ȥɣħ׳ڲУ˵
Ϊʲô
ħ׳൱ȸİ磬ħ׳ϿշУǶĲҲħ׳ǵĹ涨㣬ΪԼҰĸ֣ҪȲã۹лҪ࣡
Ҳкܶ񣿡
Ƚȥ˵
˲жУּеľڴÿһǵȡҡߵȼ۵ħ޾ʯ
ǻҪǮˡ
ħ׳ǻԪѳǳأ֮˵ľ޺ͳ֮أҪ澲ޣҪĲƸǸ߲ʣ춶ֵһżʥħ޾ʯ
һγǣҪôࣿ
ԲãģɵĻһ䣬ħʯҲݸŵľ̤
յģƾһžżħ޾ʯ¾ͲһܽģѩҲû׬ǮֻѧҲһžżʯڲ
Խ¥һƶʱ͸оħ׳ǵĲͬ·ڻ¯֮УܶŨĻԪأԿ϶ʥ򼶱ʥ֮µˣħ׳ȥˣһᱻԪغ濾ɡ
Ԫصʥڴˣȴ緢˷ˮһ㡣
ι˵֣ĻûлɣĲļ
ֵ̧ʱ򣬾Ķȴͽ޹Ʋûж⣬źܲӦĻص壬ҵıɶԻи㲻᲻֪λ񾳽磬޷Ľħȥɣ
Щ֪ȷʵ࣬ۿȥΪ͵ҲʥȻһץһѣһĻƲ˲Ǿ䡰һǾһʲô˼ˣƾһǵʵɵһã۹
ǲǺܳԾǳŤͷһۡ
ô㲻ԾƵ˲һۣŤͷط
ȴļ˵ĴǣϷħ׳ǡˮǡľǡǣ⻹غʥأɽʥءħʥ˸ط˴ȻһȴκһϽй֮ϣ˴֮£Ǹ۹
ţҲ˳˼ֻ΢΢ͷ
۽͵͵Ҳǳɻƶǵ֪ĺ٣治֪ԷȾġ
ţƵͷȻһ͸оʥһ˾񣬺ʲôıܣƾ˿оƾͿ첽Žֵǰȥ
ˣȻȵСôʲô
Ťͷ˿ԷǾʹ˷ֿɣҴﾲһʱ䣡
ﾲޣ㲻زã۹ˣ
ȻأֻǲڣûȥʱȻأǾʹ˱ƻȥ
֪ΪΣһߣòһЩյģȻǶ֣ô˵ҲǸ磬ħ׳ȴһҲʶ


459 ̳
ľʹȥȴַԼĴԪװŴѩ֮⣬ûмˣҪħ׳ǳôȥܡ
ԣ룬Ǹȥ˵ϵܣǸϸңţܲһЩħ޾ʯ
ûǮղŻװҪ٣
ǺǣǧľУȻȥ㣬Ҳطһʱ䣡εЦ
ƶӹȥһԪ䣬תȥֻȴҲûһ仰ҪǵüӱңиѶ飬һʲô飬ԸҴѶ
жһЩжأܸоǼУȥıӰȡϵûߵ۶ˣԼѾƵڱ͵˺ԶĵطҪһʱܻȥ
һڵ۶еƵŮҲٷ
пȸڣҲҪǵİȫ
ʱеǸӦŽֵȥԼǰʮ·ħ׳ǵвĳſڡ
ħ׳ҲǷģǻ϶ʥг֮ǶʥڳǸ߼ʸ룬ңѾÿռ֮Ӧ˵ʲôʥˡ
Ǹطħ׳ڳĵһƬտĹ㳡Ȼûнڳ򣬿ȴܸо㳡е壬һļ̳
̳ײգŸʯĸߴ߰ʮɵľ޴ʯ֧̳Ե˸һ
ܰ˸еÿһҪ˾ŸӺϱ֣֮һΪִ󣬶ʮ˶һϱ
ڼ̳ϷһЩȫһְɫʯܱһȦһߵˡ̳룬Ÿߴΰĵãֳ״Ĳ㣬ÿһ㶼жʮ֮ߡ
ԶԶȥֱ̳һȼŵľ޴棬ֱ̲񷡣
˿ȥٸԼͬһ㣬С֮
ƸǿԸо¶֮ߣͨܳܵġ
ռʶ̳̽Уּ̳ϷĸһУһʮˣȫ߼򣻵ڶ㻹жʮˣǰ˼ʥ򣻵һʮˣż
ڶ㣬һֻˡ
һúɫɴĳŮӣһѲɫȣȣƺ÷ʥһЩ档
ѵǷ˵ëƶɵģ˰
ҲͬʱӦŮӵϢΪǿ󣬾ľ磬Ů⣬һеˣȻҲ
ССħ׳ǣȻвλ߰˾żĸ߼а֮ࡣ
ã۹Ĺ߼ȴʮˡ
֮⣬ڼ̳·ǧλΪﵽǸʯһ㣬ޡ
Ƹо̳滹ŷʥ飬һǻʯͷʯͷλܡƺʯͷһ󷨣һ󷨡
⻹һֻȴڼ̳ڲڱ֮£ǸطӦпյģֻƵĿռ֮ȴҲ޷С
ĶҲǷʥΪ⶯ģͬϢ
ֻǷʥ飬Ʒ֮еĻȻҡҷ۳һֻ˵壬˷֮
ˣһЩҵĸо
ѵ̳ڲѺйصĶƺٴ󣬰֮Ҳ̤гȥ
ͬʱǼ̳Ϸ㣬ǸԭŷȵľŮӣȴȻ˫еķȾȻ֣ǰգһֻʷͼ롣
ߣܣŮһ㣬һֻצͽȸ
Ϊ㻹ģԹԵҵѵ𣿶Ѿɢˣ㱾ܵʶѵ뷴ŮЦһǻٴһʷ﷢һҽУ»ȡ
ŮɫЦȴ˲ʧһһڵѷ֣֮Ůһ룬һ̣ͳһտԲδ֮С
һͬ˵Ļ棬ֻܣȴһɫϷܲÿһϵķľͻһΣҲһֻ֣
㣿ڣ㻹ܣŮһһһźɫᣬ·һ㣬ϵ˸ţŻֽźɫͶ˷˻֮С
͡
ֻ·ͬĵһ𣬷ܼıǲĻˣҲήȥ
һĻŮӲſ˵һȥˣıҲѾɢл꣬ҵıֶ㣬ҪǿǽõķϣʧˣٷҲûõģҽ֮һֵˡ
ʱҵҪҵıηֵķ˻棬ʲô˲ĵطٺ٣ΪҲ֪۲ûˣҲ֪һЩܣֻǣʹתΣʱҵҲѾ㣬˵ǲɱɱң
ŮһЦЦȴȻֹҺ㣬ҲΪʲôֻң㣬Ϊ㣬̫Եˣռа飬ȥϱˣУΪʲôҪ÷ӡ޷ҵǿãֻһʲôĺӡ
Ůӵ֮ƺʹ࣬գ³һҲ֮ʧһ̣ͳ˱Ķ㡣



460 ʯ
ƽгǣҪħ޾ʯûãֻһһ¼۸ҪһŰ˼ħ޾ʯܽ롣
гǣͽУԽߣƷܵ¶ԽߣԽֵдݲͨ·ȼҪϵӳ֣·γһ֡
ܿ죬ƾڳǰſ࣬Ϊﵽ׵ˣڻʯϱĿޣơ
վһᣬҪ˵߱㴫δ߼ͨŽ룬ٷذɣ
Ȼ֪ȴɺ֣̳·Ϊʲôô
ٲߣǾҪ㵱ħ׳֮㳹׵ͳħ׳ǣԶ̤룬ﵽ߼һħ޾ʯͨŽڳǣٴδƵĶ
ֻƵת򾳽ħ޾ʯϸûУﵽ߼򾳽磬ңңڡ
룬ʹȥҲûʸǼ̳֮Уδһ͵ȣǼֱǲܵ飬˵ˣȼȻѾԷƳʹ͵ˣҲûʲôá
ʯͷ͸͵ˡ
Ψһпܵǲڼ̳ĶҲܿ϶һǿ󷨣һСͿռ䣬ԼܸӦ
߼нڳǵʸ⻹Ҫһ򾳽ħ޾ʯȥһħ޾ʯɣ˳
ֵԵĵ棬ſı־ȴǿյģһұ־ħ޾ʯ̧˽ȥ
һͷֻһ׶ңǰˮ˶٣ͷڸ߽ϣſ˯Ϊƽž̧ͷһۣҪħ޾ʯ
֪ʲô۸񣿡ʵ
ħ޾ʯҲʼ۸УǮħ޾ʯͷһۡ
ҪƲ
֪ʲôöҿͷ֡
ĥһᣬȡһ˫ֵݸ˶Է
ͷӹ΢һ£΢΢˵ͷǰѺýˣһħ޾ʯɣ
ͷһһŻľʯ̺ħֿ񱩵Ϣ
һֻܻһħ޾ʯƵʵ
ôٰԹȥطȥҲԼʲôΪȻȥڳǣͷ죬ֽƵӸơ
٣ûмˣŭ֮£Ԫ䣬ֵһѩѣȼͳ
ѩɢ㣬ǰͷᣬǺĶѩѡ
ôûУƶһ仰ѩѾ뿪˵档
˵˭УСӣͷһ˸һĲӰƵǰ
ôҪңƿóԷֻһ׵
СӣСʲô
Ҫһħ޾ʯһҪҪƶֵһ
㣿һСֵһħ޾ʯ𣿡ͷ
ֵֵ˵㣡˵ţƹͷǰȥ
Сӣ£ͷȻ̽һ֣Ҫȥץơ
ǻδְƣƾѾ˽ֵˣŤͷ˰ͷһۣУ
ͷһ㶣ƣҪȥŶٺһιҺ㻻
ŶƷŰͷС
СһͷܲԸĵһ龧ʯ
Ҳ˶Էһѩѣûżȥ
Ȱͷ˼֮ɫ¶˾ϲ͵һڣȴСѾȼˡ
̴ıͷѹڷһܡ
ˣȴѾǿտҲɫ粻Ķƣһħ޾ʯôûˣָоǺãСֻھĻ
ֻܸ̾ϻ𰡣
ǸСӣ㻹ûУͷܲĵһ䡣
ʲô
ͷĬƬ̣һתҿӦǸħ׳ǲðɣǲǺڳǣ
ҲĿġ
ڳǵ˶ȥˣַֻһǴﵽ߼򣬵ڶǳΪ
γΪƺ
ͷָʾƸһС
Ҳ˶Էһ
ٺ٣ⶫСӻкܶ࣡ͷ̰ĵѩѣݺݵĳһڣŽ˵гһʮ̨һ̨ʤʮӵдصʸڴʲôأǾͲ֪ˣΪǻֻ֣Ҫ㴳ȥˣܳõڳսǻʥ̳У
ʥ̳˵ڳļ̳
ԭС֪ʥ̳ͷ˵ȥȴѾһĻͷкȻһ

Ѿʶ̽鵽һ̨ʤʮ˵ѣֻҪн̳ĿܣԲ
⴦̨ߴɣķΣ̨ȴһǧ׵ӣбȶ򣬱ҪУǽݿɽ˺


461 
ֻҪҪһٿʥħ޾ʯǰֹκε˽򣬱ؽԶħ׳ǣɼʹˣĶų˳ӣ֣ﶼͬһ㣬Ȼħ׳ǵ
ֻܸŶ飬ǰţǰ棬ȴһ췢ĿͷͷߣȻһĺ췢Ůӡ
Ůβ裬ûдȹǺɫƤ£̹ӽСеļΪƤǽԲĳյ쾡¡
ֻӰ֪ŮһǸŮľһ
ֻƵĿעǰ涼ŤͷĿĶŮ
Ůƺ˳Щãֲ˼𣬼æͷ󣬵ȴһСģߵƵĽš
ԣԲ𣡡ŮӼæŤͷ˵һȴҲֻǵʹûпƣ˲תͷȥ
һЦǾһƳȴŮӵտ˸͸Ľëϸ˫ۣ΢΢ĺ촽ͬȼеĻ档
ŮҪ棬֮ŮֻƼĵط˼ֵӡ
۷ΪŮȴҲﵽ弶򾳽硣
˵ŮҶһϹͷˣʹ̨ϣҲûʲôͲҪŴˣвУ췢ͷüͷ˵
ŲҲҪʶʶ֣ҪǸ۸游һΪ㱨ģŮӽ
游ԸȥˣѾͣ۷ˣԲŶһѣ㻹ᣬʱ̨٣
ŲҪ

˾
ʱƸоԼͷһһԼ˵ܻܲλã
λܲ׶Է˼Լһ̨ȥԾûдԷŤͷȥ
ιֵܣħ޾ʯ˸ĺ˵䣬͵ħ޾ʯ
ƼˣһЦû뵽ܵõħ޾ʯָӦһ¶ԷΪҲоԥˡ
ô㻹Ը⣿˿ɲҪ̫̰󺺵Ŀ˼вζ
Ϊʲôһץ˴еľʯԶһɵӣħ޾ʯۡ
ֻȴסˣΪղƳ֮죬Ȼûа㷴Ӧʱ䣬üͷȴȥ
Ӧվ˴󺺵󣬵һĻȴһЦĳ嶯ͷִ󺺾ȻϵǺƤŮϲ䣬żŮӵĺ󱳣ŮҲиӦֻòϵǰź췢ǰơ
ŮҸʲô췢߲ԸˣŤͷȥ͵ŭǴ󺺡
ܴĿ⣬һЩȴ¶Цݣٺ٣үӣôɣ
׾ȰŮԶһЩ򡭡Ů游㻻λã˵ţͽŮԼǰ档
̨ϼ󺺺ǲмĻص
ŮҲŤͷŭλ׾ĴһۣȴûֻȴоŮȴԼˣȻֻǼ̵עӣɵȴʮԡ
ɣǻһλˣĪ׾ĳһҪȻΪ̸η壡
аҲûȥԼĿǻʥ̳׾֮飬ʡ
ֻǣǰĴȴȻعͷӵĿƣ̧̧֣
ʲôסˡ
ħ޾ʯղȥħ޾ʯ
ݣҪһλõôҪƴһ
ôСӣΪԼͺ˲ħ׳㹷ƨ㲻ϣҵħ޾ʯóŭơ
Ʒ˫ͦţôﶯ֣
ȭͷ벻ǰСӾȻôʶ̧٣治ﶯ֣Ĺؿǻﶨģֻٴηźݻһ̨ϼСĻᶼûС
ٺ١Цһо˶Էеɱ⣬ƻû¹˭Ǿ̨ϼ
úúą̃ϼԳǸ̨һתȥ
ǵĶԻȻҲ˱˵ĶҲ˶һЩµĿվǰҡͷİƺѾ뵽˽
ʸϵ򣬺ܿ죬ƾͨ˱ʱƵģձȺ˳½̨ս
Ǳܣ䣬ģһֱӽ飬ɱȻͱɱģҲڡ
ӮˣһҪؽڳǵģͱȥʮʤӵнڳǿ˵ʸ;ˣ֮ǰӮҲȻϣң֮ڲٴβ
ڲѡڵĿ̨֮ϣƾ̨ȥ
ʱ̨Ѿһˣһʤŭ·ÿһˣڵȴµĶֻ֣Ҫʤ͵˽ڳǵʸ
ֻĸ֣һǲҽȥ֮սģʤô׶Ըģ
˼ȴа취ܿһ弶ȥս߼һ־ײɣλֵܸɴֱ࣬ˣһļ֣Ͳ˵ˡ
̨ܿϵλӮ˾ų


462 ӵӥ
ֻȴǺ췢ĶԻ
ף縮ĸԼȥսԼܣóȫԼ췢ŮӺǲ޵˵
˼Ǹһˣ˭öм򣿲ңĸԸܸˣӶԼ۵㣿ҲʼɣʹʤʮΣ滹Ҫ飬ˣܽڳǣ췢߽͵
ٺٺ٣үˣǷģǻлһսһúõдǵģ˵꣬׾ֺݺݵĵһۣСӣҵš
𣬷ﶼèĴڣҲŸԼУԼģԼԲ飬ڲѡڵĿ̨Ͼĳš
ھų̨ϵ˾ͽĿ˲ѡڷλһ˭
һ㣬ɢ˶ͷһ
ܿһ弶ӵķֻ̨ǻδȽ֣һֱˡ
ˣһʮʤ͵ˣ̨ϵֺǺǵ̨
ĴҪĶ࣬򼶱սĴʱҲȽϳأʹӮ˶ԷҲȥ˼˼ҵꡣ
ȴҲûһʮʤҲֻǼͱ̨
ֵܿǺŮϳˣһȥܵĹ˼ƺΪŮ˵ĺ
ŮȴȽϵùսҲһŮӣһ򣬸ûбòһ֣ʹɱУŮӲƴ˼֮Զ䡣
ź췢Ҳȥˣ߶൱նյӮ˶Է
׾ͺ߶Կ
ߵΪ࣬Ǵ߸ղѾӲƴˣĵļΪأܿʹ·磬׾ıҲռݺܴƣһѶ浶
׾ַĻ棬췢ҲΪٵ䣬ȴ·硣
ֻ߲û䣬һתŲɺ׾š
ƾͷԵλŮ˫ȭգǽŵ̨Ͽš
һЦ˵游ɣ
㣿ƤŮΪ游ͣ䲻˵仰Ȼŭݺݵĵơ
游Ӯ׾кãһӮңңҹ׾ûʹȫƺԷĿ⡣
û뵽㻹ͦԴҪ游ղѾһ·磿ŮƲƲ졣
游࣬ģãӵõ־ʺڸսȴʺխ̨ϣ׾ȴͻʱһãȻСǲǺη׾Ʒʵ
Ůķƣȴ˵ȷʵеҲһ䣺㲻֪ħ׳ǵ׼ң
ҡҡͷ
治֪Ǵɽܳģ˵ħ׳ǣħ׳ǷԲǧ֮Ҳûм֪׼ҵģ׼ҿģ
ֲãô˵ǻʥ̳֮һ׼ҵˣ΢΢ͷ
Ȼ֪ʥ̳飿ŮӺǲĶơ
Ц
̨ѾֳʤŮӵ游׼һȥȲһ⣬ǽߵʹýʹˤ̨֮ϡ
үӾȻ׶ûĲĽˣҲǵģôͲ֪أɣ׾ЦĶߡ
Ȼڵϣ˿ȴϣ֫ŵأӣƺֻȴƨɳ׾
׾ӵʱߵһȺȻߣһӰ׾ؿڡ
أ
׾ûüӦͱһ߷ɣײ̨ܵդϣ̶ֱ˻ˤ˵ϡ
ӵӥҲû뵽ͷͷȻһС
ʮףߵȿ̤ܲڶֵϣͬ˲ƣν
ģƾͿǺƤŮӣŮ˼ԣô
ƵĿȴ֮ƣ˿Ŀ⿴Ůӵƨɡ
ŮӶŭ㿴ʲô
ûʲôҾ룬᲻ʹһУһԸеŮӣƨɺȵӣﻹһЩڴ̲סһЩЦ
Ůϸ΢΢𣬷ųֺ⣺˶ԣûмŮɣ
Ƶ˵ͷȷʵûмʲô֣
㻹ʸ֪֣ŮŤͷ̨
׾߷֮ȴܿˣһĨǵѪ¶˼ɱʮЦϼһԼ
˵䣬һ㻢Ƹףȴֲ׾ξͻһͷͻһԾ𣬶׼߾ͳ˹ȥӴѹȽ
ͻ־Ȼһ˲䣬׾Ϊһ壬ҲȽϲ죬Ϊֻа˼򣬲⣬֪׾ʹʲôط
־ƤŮӺȻһ͵һվ
־ƲԣӦǱȽħ
˵ʱʱ죬׾ͻһɱͽ־ܵѹƵ߸צ֮£ŴһţסߵһȻߵֱ˺顣


463 򵥵
ǣͻ츳ȴҲĿǣԭߣڿǰ־ֻ൱弶ˡ
游Ůٴξһڿն𣬾Ҫ̨
ֻ̨ͨѾرգҲһľǷܲһӲ޷ͻơ
׾ͻܿ컹ԭ¶˱ף˫ȴץߵֻ۰һߣױ飬ĻᣬֳΣѾήҲֻܿһ䣡
׾ȴһЦٺ٣ͷĵ죬һ㣬Ҳ⽫־Ҳˣ
ߣǸ£һӵĴȥ
ŮѾȥ游ô
ǰĿźŮӣ΢ЦˣǰϹͷˣҪҪν
˷ؿ̨Ŀȴעƣ΢Ц˵ͷڿն档
׾һĻ¶ЦСӣǴģ˭䣬˭ſѧУ
Ƶָ䣬һѩѣܳƨĳһڣ˵̻ңӦûǸᣡ
ô˵ǴֱˣûǸᣬҲҪǸᣬΪǸģſϣѧУͷ㣬Σ׾Цһ
һ̣˾ͷǼС֣ǰһӡ
ţޱȵ׾ֱӵ˳ȥ
䣡
һ촫˾ͷ׾Ȼֱӱ顣
ѻȸ
˸оȻһһӿбĳ
ôһ£ôĶ֪׾ֱӱըˡ
˻ûзӦʱ׾Ѿ¾ۼһ𣬿ƵٴλӶ
䣡
ɹ۵һα顣
׾ٴλΡ
ٴλ顣
ʮΣ׾Ȼʹ껯εĻᶼûУ޷䣬ֻʹû˹ĴѶϢ䣡
ʲôûһ̣߳һһơ
㣿㲻ú׾Ѿ˻
ʲôûٴηһơ

ǼʮΣ׾ĻԽԽĻᶼûˣܲˣη֮ԽԽǿ
̨ܿ˶Ѿɵˣ̨ļҲһȻ
ղŻƵƤ·ԸŮӣʱҲǵɴ˫Ŀմ
ֱƵһѩѳ꣬ŻΪצ׾Ļ㵽ԼǰĶŶԷôѧаɣһ㣡
㣿ҼһģһҪ׾ܵ裬ôֻȥˣûгԹĿ
ƴٴһ㣬ֻһߵ׾ĻǣСƵ֮ϣȻֻĴָôˡ
ҵƶӲȥʲôŵʸ񣿡ߣ֮ϣͷų
׾ĻǷͬĲҽһ䣡
³Ҳֽ׾ĻǸ˳ȥ
׾Ҳ˲󣬿ٵգ֮䣬ָ˱ԭ̬֮˫ʹηĶƣһԣͷҪ̨ȥ
ţ㻹ûѧУƶٺһ
׾ᣬ¡
ǺǺǣյļ尾ɣư׾һѶϢ
׾ոصΣȴͶסˣͷ亹죬վûлͷٵĴ̤ȥ
ֱʱѻȸ˶һָסˡ
һϳˣ̨ҲϾֱˡ
ŻˣȫԶ䡣
Щˣʵ׼ҵˣԭǴ׾ݼϷ׾ˣҲûϷҪ
ԣƵսһˣӮˡ
ڰλϳ֮Ʋõ⣬Էƺδս˥ӵƹ˹˫һչһֻӥޱȵɱ˹ȥ
̧ͬһֻ֣ԷμССȸ
СȸƵ裬ǾǷӲȥ
䣡ûʶԼСֻоƵзԲǧĴСֱӷ
ƶֽ׳ȥȴҲû˺
ھλҲˡ
ʮλһ۷壬ֻһץԷӲƵƣ䡣
һ˶ɣǲΪͬΪˣֱСȸʱܱ󱬡
ɵ̨ŷ֣ԭһ̨ʼûŲһһֱԭվš
ûйơûź˶ֻܸоĵѹ֡
ͬȼǿߣΪǿ
Ѿ˿Կ϶ʹǸ߼Ҳһڷ˶֡
ûȥ̨Ǳһдȥ
ʱȴͷЦЦ
ʹ˴ܳĸо
Ʊ˿̨·һʯУͨӮʮǸˣҲڴ˵ţһôֽһˣǲĶ˹ȥ
ȽıһȥأֻҪɹܽڳǣʱϢλ弶ĲУƵĿкη塣
ƵͷӦԷ뿪ȥ


464 ͼ
λֵܣʲô֣ʵ縮ҡ
ƣԷ˵ͷȴû˿ı飬һȷʵûʲôøС
ôû㣿㲻ⷽԲʮˣҸоƵĮӿαϣ˫
ҵ˵أƤӶû̧һ£شҲȻζ
СӣôӮʮ;Լ˲𣿡һԷⷽԲʮ˴塱ˣͱˡ
Ʋٻش
Сӣи԰ٺ٣һᴳصʱ򣬱һСıɱˣҰһգƺ˯ƺھޡ

һľҲܿ
ȴҲֻǶ˴ﵽ˱׼
λзأŶ뿪ʯң̨߳򣬺ܿһ֮ǰ
˴ϷһֻĻ񣬻̬һЩƣȴּ鰲Ϣǳ˱ײУһۣƾܸоһɱͬʱԺ֮еķʥͼǺȻһͼɱԿ
֮иͨһأȥˣǾͨ˿ˣȥǾͺпһȥð·˳ڻзڵĻᣡǸУƿ˴ȻţĿȴڶŶˡ
һȻһʱȼһͨ
һȴûƸоֲһиС
ǽȥǷأٴʵ
δȴ̧ȥ
ȴüͷ˽⣬ÿһεĿ鶼ֻͬ벻ǣһξȻȸ޹ĵطĻ漫ΪֲûΪǺȥû˵˭˳ﴳȥ
ԥΣվǽȥˣΣպͻ顣
һ룬˲رգſڵҲ֮ʧ
һ֮УʹҲܸоĲ֧Ⱥܣֻô˻֣Ҳֲ˶ãٵš
аưһ͵˾ۻƿʼܵһ
ۻƿ֮пһСھźģһֱûôɳҲûռĻ档
գܵĻһۻƿۿɼٶ
һԵҼһĻȴ¶ʮ̰ΪۻƿƵУ֮һ𣬾Ȼ˾ۻƿ֮Уơ
Ҳҵûбһ
һ·ǰȥԭһͨȴ¶˺ͮͮʯڣл棬ƺռһա
СӵﵽʲôȻջ棬ѵһľͿơ
ƻͷ˶Էһۣôܺ棿
ЦݣֵܣСƿʲô
Ŷ
ҵĺ¹һ£˿ˮһֻȴϢƵԺͻ˹ȥ
ͬʱƵȴȻʧһ̣ҵһɱ˶ᱦ
㣿Ҵһ
һ̣͸оȻһϼһܻ֮˱仯Ŀɼ֮ȫ͵ˣҲ
ƽֱӾҸ֮ңһžۻƿǰš
ͨаףͷһŻҲ֮ʧ
Ҳڳ˼ƬɫҶź֮£ƼʹźҲ˲٣Ȼð˼ѿ
̧ͷȥǰһãһűڻڻһƵľɫŮӡ
ֻƹǣǺ·ᶯͬ棬ǱƵľɫŮӣƺںɫĻ衣
ƻæ˫ۣΪԼǲ۾ˣ۾ˣǱڻϵͼȴûʧƺѾԼ֮С
ںɫŮӣȻռг֣΢Ц趯趯ɢĺɫ棬ֻоѹԽԽ
ô£ҳȥƺȻԼĴʥͼǺѹѹռ䣬ǣǶת
һͷѹͼ˼֣ŮȴûбƳ£ȣƮƮǺɫĻһЩ֮⣬ŮӾԿߵκһŮǳʣǲڿȸ
Ƴ֮󣬴ŮӲûȥһΣǺ֮Уÿһǰ׼ȷĲ̤ǹϣӰҲ˱ģ
Ǹʲôҵռ裿̤ǣ̺㵱Ҳڣ
ƸоԼԽԽܿˣǹȥɱŮӡ
Ůӵޱȣ˿Ȳǹζ趯ɫҲԽԽ࣬ģڸ˴ƬƣƵʶȴԽģ
ౡ
ӥƷȻӷʥдʥչһһɾ޴֮ȻŮһȥкɫĻ棬Ҳȫ˷ʥ֮ڡ


465 Գһ
ƵźȻۿȥǷɾǰǣȴѾû˸ղŵĸо
ͬʱʥ̳ŮȴȤĿǰĸӰ¶΢ЦֵСӣȻܾȸ깥֤㻹Ǹ־ᶨˣǲ֪ܴܲ½أ

ƼȴִһǽںȻѿγһͨ￴ȥƺյʲôҲûУֻһͨ
ҪߣƷʵͬʱȴҲ̤ͨ
һУƵ˫Ⱦ͵Ź˵ϡ
ǿƴһоԼƺ»ص˷ʱڣȴһɽȫ˲ʹ˫ȽۿȥǰģһƬ֪ͨж೤
ʲôطҧ֣Ժ֮еͼٴתÿռ֮ͽԼ
ᣬƾͻվֱ壬һͼʹ˲ƣֻոƶ͸о´һɾ޴ĳ֮ͱٴζ˵֮ϣ޷˲ơ
ѵһƵٴαѹò׵Ŀռ֣֮ȻֱӸ˺ѡ
ѾǺΡ
һǿ꣬ڶѵǿֻо֮£Լ˼άҲû·һռ䣬Ǵ½һԵüΪѡ
ô죿ѵϹţﲻɣͲʲôؿ飬ٴΰһ
ԵԼĵսףս׼û˿Ļ⡣
ѵλõģҪȻ⿰λĵԲûã
ֻԼĿռ֮ˣԺеڻתţϵ࿹⣬ռ֮ٴνסʹѹվ
ֻôվҲǰ취Ŀռ֮һƶƶ޷ˣᱻǿĿռѹ˺ٴνѹſ¡
ԣԼԼռ棬ƿռҲ֮ȹ
ǵǹ⣬ԼԼγɵĿռ֣ƺȻ˺һ˫ʱĹ֮¡
оʱѾȥգȴֻǹһҹ
Ϊʲôֵĸо£·ԼѾ뿪ԭпռ䣬һʱգѵԼƿռЧĿԳɿռ䣬γܵĿռôǲǾܰˣ
ţԺֻط֮ǰ뼸˴򶷵ʶĽԷץУԷӰСˣԼϿռ档
ԷȴСֻǸһϵĴʵֻԿռøĽ
ʱԼ뵽ҵ֮УʹĴʥ֮ϵӽܣռ֮ҲǿӦˣһԣ
ٴΰ֮ҲʼڵİԪعͨ쵽ʶռУȥӦԼԺеƣ̶ʼģ˫ʱ֯ͼ
ԺǿͼľͱһŴһſǣͬһŴÿһڵ㡣
ÿһǹ㶼һ̣ƾ͸оƿռȻһط·𳹵׵ȹͬҵĺ󣬺ȻܵһǿѹƣüΪƽûа㲨
ʱ䣬Ҳ·һֹ̾
Ŀռ֮Ҳ羫һι̣Ǹо˰
ɹˣһϲ
ܿͷһ֮Ϊ޷ʶռת
˫޵ʱȴûָоǿȻɹȹˣȴȱһĶ
ռ޷תֻϹţ޷Ųƣ磬һƬţûа
ʹˣҲѾ㣬Ϊһ͵ڶһֶΣεȾԷż۷򶼹ơ
ԼĿռֿ֮ռ֮磬塣
֮ǰȻԵռ֮ȴױ˺ͷ·һǣʹϵٽҲһķ϶
ڲͬڱֿռ֮Բ϶һйа˺
ҲõģΪʹ䵱Ĵʥ֮ת·Ȼļǿ
Ĵʥ֮䣬һԶƣҲƵŦ̺Լ޷ƿأɵĸоƺ̺ǿ֮
ƺ񹦵ѭԵģ൱ʥħԶΪһ׹һ
Щ򣬶ԽܣʹЩħ壬ڴﵽʱҲħΪһ壬Ϊҵ껹Ǵռ棿ΪҲĴʥ顢ʮ֮飬ȫʹҵ൱һռ䣬ȻйǾѾڡ
뵽ͷһϲ
֮ǰ֮û뵽ȫܵɸӰ죬һ硣
ڰʼǣĴʥ


466 ˣ
Ĵʥ飬Լʮޣķ񣬼ʹǣƺҲܿٵܡ
ֻǱ˶һ꣬Ҳȴһȥ൱ܹܵĴʥͲǹ֮⣬жʮ˸޷
Щ޷ȫڵĻƻҪķѺܳһʱΪѰҼ֮ء
ԸԼй·ߣѰǹڵѨλǹҰ׻ǹΪǹΪǹ̶ٽÿһǹߴްԭеķλ֫Ѫںϡ
չܻǣȴÿںһԼǿһ֡
Ҫ֪Ķʮ޿ɸ൱ܶ޷ʵ弶
ôһѪ⣬ͷ·ʮֻĹ޲ڣһһƺЩĹŲţѾƵˣڻԾƵơ
ֱĴʥеȫΪԭͱƣڵй·кһ
һ̣ƺȻ͸оƺֻħŭ𣬻£ʹľ쳤Хһ
𡭡
һһ಻ϣӣŻֹͣǽڸǱҲ
̳ϵǸŮӼһĻɫҲԵüΪ£ԼһУ£ܣܣۣ
ǣϣǵۣ˭ĺ˭ƻ֮
й·Ĵ޿ռԶƵںϣƵľ֮е·Ҳ˷츲صı仯
ѾеĻɵȡڿռ䣬ͬһƬء
ֻأȴȹ̣תһӵĿռ䡣
һ̣ƾ͸оԼ·һС棬ǳ֣Ĵʥ˾һɵ˿֮С
ڵİҲɹı֯Щǹ֮УһѪܣǿյӣϵķܳµƶת
˹šĴʥͶʮɹںϣƾͷ·֮ϣ̧ͷͼһͷܸıз
תĿ죬죬ʱ缲磬ʱС
ǬƴЦһ˫һʱվ
µ·𲻴һ㣬һ㵽ͨľͷ
Ȼ֪ȥ˶ãȴҲܸоʱһˡ
־Ȼﲻ⣬С־̬ȴȫȫĿ߼۷Ϊˡ
ǣȴ㹻Ǿż۷ǿһսҾɵĽܣʹԷֻ̤񣬿ƿһ˿־ѷҲһ
ΪԼһռ䣬ƿһѷʲôãͬ廮һСڣ˲ָܻǶԷǿԽԼڣԼڵת
֪ʲôƵͨͷ̧ۿȥȻѾǼ̳·
ûеأƲ
СӣؾңҴ򣬴ңܳɹ̳ϷȻһ꺺ӣĿĶơ
߼򣿡ƲƲ졣
У˶ٺһӶȭͷ׼ƾͺ˹ȥ
ñҲ̧һƣ˲ǰƣһεĿռ֮ײ˶Էȭ֮ϡ
䣡
һ֮£Ƴһ棬ƺĹһͬ
λ߼ֱӾ͵ɶȥײʥ̳Ǹ޴ʯϣײ֮ͣ󣬴˲ˤ棬ĿմڱѪ
Ƶһƣֻм̺˼ǿ깥
ǿ֮
·ôྲ޵һĻȫɵסˡ
һƲһ߼ǴʲôΪΪõŴֱһħͨŽˣ
ʱƺȻоͷһѹͱһεĴסˣơ
ĵֿȴ޷⣬ʹȫʩչռ֮ҲȻֻоǰһΣͳһտĴ֮С
طϤʹÿռ֮̽ҲǸŮı㣬ǧֱĸ仹һ粻ʯ
Ůһ£ȣȻɴȴܸоŮӺ͵һǻеŮʮƣ͸¶һ˿֮ʳ˼̻ȴ纮һ̹ǡ
ֻǴʱŮӣȴֻǾĶƣһ仰˵
ȴܲ˵һ񣺡ǰ
㵱治ʶˣŮſһƲȻ䣬ͬػʹƽˣһڵϡ
ǰĿ¶ɻɶԷǲǷԼÿռ֮̽ˣϾȸǿԸоԼռ֮Ĳͬġ
Ůüͷȴ͵ؽϵɴһ˭ѵҪװͿ
ǰ㣿ϳˣ
Ŷ˵˭
ǻеŮӣƻص
Ůһҧ̧ƺҪȥƣȴͣ˰У˼


467 Ҳ
㵱治֪˭Ůٴʵ
ѵǰʶ𣿡Ƶսľе㻳ǲǶԷԼĹԼˣǰŮӣп۵ĳˡ
񰡣һָͷܰԼСˡ
ԣҲʹ⣬ʹȡʦҲԲǶԷһɫ࣬ҲһҪŻȥԲܳԼʲôϵûйϵòã
ŮӵĿһֱڶƵ˫ۣգ΢΢ĴϢһ£ƺƽ飬¶Ȼ΢ЦҸղֻǿǲǼᶨ㴩أңΪԣҾΪͽ֪ԸԸ⣿
ǰҪͽܣΪͽƲǳΪղԼֻôһ룬ԷȻҪѵԷԿ͸һ˵ģ˻Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ŮӼһĻɱһôԸ⣿
ԷеɱȻһ׽ˣæڣԸ⣬ԸǰΪʦ
Ůţɫָ˫ֱӾʯϣ˵ȻʦǾ͹¿ͷɣ
üֻ΢΢һȴĹȥƵȴҲڽ͵һ򳤱أݵ檵ʯȹ£ҿɲʲôֻۣԷ겻ҹŮˣ֮⣬ҪôʦҪôҵϱƷģ㲻ĵҵʦһ㵱ϱʱǰ
뷨㣬зһĳϿҿ˵ͽݼʦ
Ůסˣۿʮ˽ģֻأʱվǺεȵӢۣ˵Լˡ
ǰ۵ˣȴԸԼĽ£ۣѵת֮ıۣԼ֮ǰˣ
ԽԽŮ͵һۣһɾ͹ƣƸ˦ȥʮ׵ľ룬ݺݵˤڵ֮ϣֻʮףֹͣ
Ľų죬߻أаŮˣݻдˣѵİҵۣۺͷɶʱ򣬾ͲǹˣաȦȦˣ
룬ǱϻװͿæʦ㣿
ãȻı飬ŮʶԼʧ̬ˣɫƽ˵ʦķӦͿֵĻ
ݣưһ
ʦͽ֮Ѿйˣ㻹֪˭ɣŮ֡
ʦǻ񣿡̤ȥֻȴĵȷŮʲôʱᷢ裬ȻֽԼȥ
Ҳô˵ֻҪ֪ͿˣɣŮָָԵš
Ƶ˵ͷȥһֱӾ͡ѽһֱ
ֱǸ͹ʯţһ˲䣬ͽƨϵ·ճ˻ƿʮֵĿ϶Լ©ˣæ˫ƨɣεĳ˳
ûĹһۣôʦǰߣʦôһˣʲôûмȥתڣ
ŶӦһղ֮ԱˣȫΪûע⣬һʹÿռ֮Լƨɰסʯϣ͸ռ֮Լ͸
ڵķǹȴԻԾϵζһţԸоǹƵ򣬼ͶԵţΪڲϽ
Ůӿ˿ƣжƵϿ˼֣ʯţûΪȥȴ塣
ѵҲѧ̣ǹҹݣʦȻȳ˵Ĳлꣿ̶ɱң
ŮӵĿֱñ
ȻûпԷȴܸоһѰѷĵУԼʱԽԼڣаǸ仯˵ķŮˡ
ȲҪˣҴȥһطȻվܷܷǰһռֱѳһ϶
ƾ͸оһֻץסԼļ򣬴Լһ̤ͬռѷ졣
һ̣ǰһĹâӭƺʹõԣо仹ȡ
ɽžͱǰ֮ˣԶһɫĻſڵϣһ
ʷﳤſȸһβ𣬵ȴʮɫǼһͷ­ķڣӥһצ߾ӥᣬȫëΪΣݣʮһֻˡ
ͬʱڿռ֮еķʥȴ緢ͬһĳƴûзʱʵ
֮ڵķҲֻСˣϵķţʱ̵Ҫ
ôʶĿŷеơ
ʶֻǸо
ʶǺǣʶãЦˡ
ǽһ仰ȴ벻
ֻ˵ϲϲʦ
ϲ
ԸԸһңĿƵϡ


468 Կ
ֻоԴһЩãʦ˼άԾҲ̫˰ɣոջʦҪͽȥѵĿԿ͸Լ֪ԺȦȦˣ
ô룿һ˫˫ЦЦĶơ
ȴ˸飬֪ԼҪǲ׵Ļһ̣Լпͷء
Ů˭°ֲҳԿŵġ
˰ȴҲԥٶһѾͽ˻У˫סС͵һͷԸе󴽰ꡣ
˴󵨵ľٶһ˲䣬ֱӾʹһֿհ״̬۾ɵԲֱĶơ
˫֮Ƶ˳˿˵ıݣУ̶ʹһ屾ܵĸйٴ̼ʹ͵һ͸оѾʼ
ҪǣƵһֲ֪ʲôʱѾظ֣ȫĽסһࡢţȫѪҺƺڸƵ˫ֶƶҲ弸һЩܿˡ
ʶģ͸оǼΪΣյһɰ壬Ʊ˳ȥҲͬʱƺĽӽ
û뵽˴벻ƾȻ޼ɵԭֻҪǷۣʹǣڱԼʱҲǷ˲лʹ಻ѣۿԼһŮˡ
ڿƲûԵòԸ⣬Ǳ飬ƺһıóѵĸо˲лȻûаı仯·޹¡
ݺݵĵһۣŭһߣ
ռ䣬һץסƵļ򣬴ƾ̤˿ռ֮ڡ
ȴûпƵĸղʱݻҵ˲䣬òǹŰ¯һͬڵͨҳһ޶
Ϊİ¯ѾȫԼˣʹϸ̽ĻҲԲܷ֡
´رƣӵĿȻڻζŸղŵĸоζӵʵʦղǲˣҪҪһΣ
ͷһԺȴָղԼһĻָоȻһ˲Ĳ·Ѿá
ǰˣǸˣжãǸˣԴԼ𣿻˹ԹԵԼ
ǳԼıʲôǾǶ۵İޣֻǱնȥħΪѾٹԼˣӦԼ뷨С
ԣڱӦòһ۵˳֡
˫ڽضƣԥ֪Ƕ۵İһЩǺ޶һЩƺ߱˴飬ƽ״̬һ޷նȥԼΪҲֻдﵽλ񾳽֮󣬲ſ
һΪķһﵽλ񾳽磬ͬٴնħֻǱȵһնħҪһЩ
һеնʬ࣬ͬ൱壬ҪʥҪںΪһ塣
ֻǴʱûô࣬ǰǺޣվΪǰˣҲǰˣԼ˴ڵĿܣûǻԼ
նʱŻĿʵ߻ûˣ
Укܶ檣ʵĻص
ʲôкܶ檣·𱻲β͵èһ㣬ʱŭ
ŵûæˣŮȷʵе
ŴݺݵĶãΪʲô
Һ˾˴ˣͶǸҲħ׳ǣ
Ҳħ׳ǣǸ˵ӣ
Ƶ˵ͷճ˲ﻭ
ʶɢһ˲׽˲֮һɴͽƾ˹
쾪ʧ룬һȷӦһȻҲŷֻǰλˣΪȴɲ⣬뵽߻һ̫ʦӦԵĿֲŮӣʶ㿪һֵܣλţ
˿ĭͷ߸Ƴۿ˿
𣬵˲չ΢ЦСƵѰɣ
ţǰǣǰҴ⡣
㣬кܶŮӣʵ
ԴתȦɲ֪Ƶľȴ֪ƵŮƣΪ϶ϵľ磬ǰŮӵʻƺ֪ߵŮӣбڰ˵ʵأǲ˵ʵأ˵ʵһŮԴףҪƣ˵ʵҪŮӣ
ԣֻ۳ƣϣƸԼʾȴüͷȻ
˵Ȼٺһһףֱ˲Ժ֮С
ν־˲߽⣬ѿڶУкܶ࣬ܶ࣡
ûģĵڶʻٴγڡ
У˼ڱ
촽̣ĿƣͽȻкܶ檣


469 Ů
ɶͽ檣оͷȴҲƶͷ亹죬ɲ檣ǻ˼û檸ʲôԣ쿴һһŮĹϵ˵
ֿ˲죺ʲô֣
ǰҽв죬Բã۹
֪ݣ
㶣ѵʦĻ֪ͽܵݣȴʵش𣺡ĺҺ
ƣ㲻ƣһǲҵϼȥ
ƺͣȴֲ֪νֻͣܵĬˡ
ǴӺζûһϾٴʵ
ǣһҵģֻܽƸȸˡ
㣿߻񣿡Ķơ
ʵĵ˵ͷ
ҵǸ㵽˭Ҿ͸һȥߣһɴסƺͲ죬Ŷһ粽ͳ˱̤˼ߵա
ʦǸҪϲȴװźǺµӣҲĿģŮ˲ߣԼȥǷˣҲֻпȸܽԼŮ˵ȳȥ˵Ůһʹܣǲ
ˣٶޱȣƸǰڰ׽䣬ʱͳ˲ã۹Ͽա
ͣʵǲ
¿˿Ѿǲã۹Ĺˣռ֮չ̽ŮϢ
оǣŮסĸۡ棬ȻҲ˼ӴϢž伸졣
УͷּŮκȻ䵽֮С
ּȴŲƣǱ˴ɵġ
ãưһһֱӾŲƵŮڵլԺ֮С
ۡ¹õģĶǸլԺ
˴ɵŮӣ̵ȣҲ檡
ʮλŮӣʱҲȫ׼ȴɢļΪңѾˣˤԺвͬĵط
լԺ·ƽһ㣬ݰѾ
ܵ˼ǿϢУȻһλɫ˿ޣʮĽ𷢰ߣǰ˼һۣһۡ
ʶǴɪ𣻶ǰڽ͢Ĵ˾һٶǰѾǰ˼򾳽ˡ
˵󣬻һȺи߼ݵվѾ̮Ĵ֮ǰĿɨŮ
λһŮߣŲӡ
ƺȻ֣ʹլԺ˶һ㶣Ů֮ɫһϲܿ¶ǣˤķ׷
ղűɵŮѾ˵壬ͬʱ˹ȥ
ŮڻУԼԼĻʡ
Ůȴ͵ؽƿһ๫ߣסǣ
Ūô£ɫ˿޵Ľָһǰһ죬Ȼֱߵʺֽ˳ȥЦһƣڻˣ
ƿ˿ߣĺڿٻظҲûᣬǿŮʵң뿪ˣ
㲻֪Ѿһˣ๫ץģ߰ɫԵüΪС
Ȼͨо֮ƾľ飬֪ʱһˣգһ£ʱ䣬ǿԽܵġ
ʱѾóǰλ񣬿϶ҪԸԼ
ŮģĴָΪǲȥǵѪҺʵõģǲߵģʶأ
ʶҲǿȸ
ʶ㱻ˣص
ˣʲô˼ͷһ߿ȸˣΪһߵĿ¡
ԴͲؽս֮󣬲ʶΪͱ˵֪ˣǰмλȻͲʶ㽻̸ãʶһ뿪ˣʶ˵ֻܿ춼ȥˣʶȴûһϢƵһҲû뿪
ſŮƿǰɫ˿޴멵Ľߣʵ֪λǰǣ
Ϸ˹ɽ񣡡ߴʱƺѾĿȴżӵЦ⡣
֪Ҹۡ檣ˣΪιʣƵڵĿռѾȫתֻҪһ񣬱˲塣
ֻѯ䣬ȴ˵ֻܱˣĮĻص
Ŷǲ֪سҺ£ûмǴĻǹɽƺûκεĳͻɣ˵ͬʱռ֮ȴѾ쵽գ߿еʦΪʲô
ôʦˣбȢôŮӣӦб±ǣһĶǰֻԼܣܲǸһ
һԣƾָ֪ˣȴûжٵԼԱû⣬ǣҪαסôŮӣ
Ѿصֻȥɽ֪ͣԸ⣿
ȥɽͣãҴӦǣƼᶨ
๫ŮѾΧ£˶Կһȥ˹϶Ǻٻˡ


470 
㻹ǸˣȻˣ͸߰ɣؿ˵
ֻһȴüͷ룬վû˵
ƿһŮ΢΢һЦҪңЩʱҪֿɶҶ۹
ʮŮӣߡɯҲ˹
֮콣иռ취ȫУи󣬿ԽǴ͵֮ͨڣƴŮ
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ǺǺǣЩʲô飬ֶ͢Ըƣʹʲô⣬Ҳ޹أǾͼ©ˣԲߵЩŮһ⣬ЩҲҪȫץסǵϻҲвٺöܴǵ֪Ƹܡ
ǣˣƮ̫鷿û˵صס

߿֮УűߵƣüͷԲƣǣȴԸڹ͢
ֻǣľ̽·֮ʱȴоŮڵլԺܣвٸ߼
ĪǴ㶯֣˵Ļǽǵ֣ߵŮȫɱҲǲԡĻﵽʱһˣֻǣЩƺҲɱ˱ЩŮްɣ
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˼ȼȫİһ˾Ȼ˲仯һì׼Ƶƾʹ˹ȥ

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474 еһ
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̫ȴ˵һ彫սʮ񣬸¶һ޶̣֪һǵ˺ܶˣӰ쵽ڶ͢Ǿʱʵûа취ӲӦ֪̫ӣǵͬһʱܱ彫㲻ҪǺޱźã
̫ӵĻһ˶ܲ죬û뵽̫ӽ˵͵û˵̫ӻ˵Ǹ
ǲĿȴ¶˼벻мĿ̫ӵһɨţͲû۾ˡ
ţæװܳӣЩ鷳΢Լǳģºθɣ΢Բ°Բ۶Щİգ΢ǣ
˵գƵȦȻʪˡ
ˣаһԭҲϷ
ʵǹңҪǣӦûһɣ̫ӺΪѵʵ
ôˣ˵λǱλߵģЩ˵飬Ϊ֪ѵ֪飿¶ɻı顣
Ҳ˵ȫ֪ٴʦĿ˽⵽һЩشϢҲ֪Ǽ٣
ʲôϢ˶
˵סĹϵ֪һϢȥҲ֪ǲģʦûλĻǹͰҲ͵Ϯ֣檣ɱļҶˣ̫ӷ·ǧź𣬱ʹ֮
ǣȴû뵽Լһ仰ǣ˵ġ
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˵Ļһɺ¶˲½˼㣬ֵǣûгκεı˪˫ץŵӷ˲仯˻ҽ
̫ӻһѿڶģ
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Ҳã۹֮һһЩ񣬵ձΪȴȽϵڣǰһʱ䣬ǵϢ˵һɳĮشȻ񼣣һ޴Ĺ͢ȺӰգʱڵ֮һ˵ǸϢֻЩ̫ʵ˵
˵ȷʵʵƾһӰ֤ʲô
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ȴʵô˵ҵλȥǣ
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ܸܲңЩ˶ʲôΪٴηʡ
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գ΢΢ĳһֻλĻ˵ʮһٸҲ˺˿ȸ
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Ȼ֮ǧȷȴø˲ΪѾǵȥѰˣǰɳȥһˣ۵ʹһ꣬ɱ˴̣йַ͢ĻıԲɹ
ǣǰЩȥǼʹԼЩ˵õʲôҲһԴ
ҪǣһƺʦԼƶԸ飬ҪΪˣ
ȴҲû취ֹһĿ⣬оĵ׵ĺ⡣
֮£ֻ̫˴⼸ˣǰͨǵĴ
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ո뿪ʹ̤Ȼͷͷ֮Ƽ۶Բǧ֮ңǺѹѹƲ֮У񱩵׵ϵ˸ǵѹʹǲ죬оͷ


476 ԡ׽֮
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˭ٵʱȻһСĽǵû˵ĵطӦ٣˴š
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ңòǹַ˰¯ÿǵĻᣬܲܽʥ̳֮еķ˸ȳ
һУû֪ҲֻΪӦֿռֻǽŮյ档ȴ֪Լ촫󣬸ʥ̳ķ˲лꡣ
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ףƱǿˣ


477 ڵ
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ټ棬ԹǺܶģ֮һ
ֲֻ٣ͬǹ࣬ȵɳĮĴءͺͺɽ
ڵĳǳأһƬ޴ԣķ羰ǱȽ˶;ֱս˹֪̽ĵص֮󣬱ڿնȥ
ֻǸո뿪ʮӣɫȻ𾪣ѿڶʶã
³ĸ֣ȻֱŲƶȥ
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ȴǾȣΪ֪һǸӦ˿ȸ֤ȸӦûʲô󰭡
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ǵͿռȹ̵ĳ̶ȣԲǣԸоԼʵܹ׵ƿĿռ䣬ʶչ̽鷽Բʮ
ֻǸշɵ·ּ۶˼ˣһƾȻʶ׽Ĺ͢ǡ
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Ī橵ķҲﵽ񼶱𣿲ôɣƲİȴһЩŵĶء
ʱڣһԼ֣Լ϶Σա
˫ԣһ죬橵˫и¶˼ֵľϲ
Ȼ죬ȴûƳ֣һЩŵ´Ƭ̣˵幫ӣּˡ
ǺǣԭسϣôɰҲЦ
ǺǣеɣϷֻ˵񼣳֣Ծصص˵ʦҲһͬǰˣΪûмʦƺѾץƵǣһ㡣
ֻаһϺ꣬ȴЦʦֻڸһˣԾһˣ
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ϣˣٻᣡ
תָɫǰ˳ȥǴĿһƣȻƤգգۣȴû˵ʲôҲһͬȥ
ûпĻǸŮӣĳգ۾쿴Ŷ˵ıӰ
ɻĶƣ´һ
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һᣬмӰ໬ЩӰֻ΢һ٣ƺʶ̽һˣȴûͣգʧ
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ֵܣҲˣϸҸ㣬ģһŮʦһŮ㣬ǸеŮգ۾˵߻ôŮӣҶˣ㵽жٸõģϣЦһȤĶơ
һЩɵۣŮһԼģһԼܵģпֻԼʰ˰֣̾ҳ󲻿ҳ󲻿

˵ЦǰȻһбռеϢ
쵽ˣƿһ
⣬ʧʡ
ɳĮ֮Уɳ裬Բǧﱻɳֱ֣·һ㣬ס˵ȥ·
ǹϢɳ֮Уָǰ
绹ͦ󣡡˵ͷ
ȥɣɳ֮ڡ
һɳ͸оѹ⼱ת쫷磬ЮżӲɳϣһһֵĹ
˵类У
ԽȥپԽǰǧҵʱ˶ĸǼתɳŲơ
Ҷƶٺһռ֮򿪣Ͳ춼סˣǽǰɳпһ϶һ롣
ѹȻȫʧ
һпյķۣԲ򣬷Ҳǳ΢һɫ⻡زʺһУ֮ʮɣ״
ǹ⻡Уһɫӣֻɫȴǿռѷ죬һɿ񱩵Ϣռѷ֮д


478 
ѷǰɫĹ⻷ڣֱͻȻɫƣڳֵһ̣ڲľ󣬶γֻи߼ܽɳ
ɴҲԿѷӦΪġ
ѷܵĹߣѣͬǲݵĵ棬һִƺѷڲϵѷܵĿռ䱻ϵĳŤͱţʵϣѷɱĴС
Ҳûаհȫȥ
Ҫռѷ죬ǱΪʹĿռƿǣǰռ֮еıȴûб߼ȥҲֻ·һ
ǲһҴȥԣ
Խûı㶼ҪΣգ켱æֹûвٸ߼Ϲ𣿡
ռѷ츽ȷʵʮ߼ɾǲҽ롣
ѵռѷ֮УĲ۵ıƷƮ˿ռѷ츽
Ͳ
ʮȴʱĸ߼ˣû⣬ֻɨһֶۣռѷ죬ƺܴĳһö
ǣƾ͵ԼĿռ֮̽ѷ֮󣬵ԾǣһӴռ֮ͱѷ˲飬ʹɫһ԰ס
ֵܣû°ɣѷܸģ֮ǰҾԼƿĿռѷ죬Ҳû̽飡˵
ҡҡͷûʲôҵǺȥҪҪ
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ȴԼľż۷ƣҲԼɫףϵעŸˡ
Щ˼ˣĿе̰ͱ˼η壬Ѿ֪߼һ·϶ĸˣ򣬲ô
ߣҲǵ׼ռ֮һͷǿռѷ֮ڡ
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ǣƼһͷϸϸ
ӦĹͷôˣ쿪˵
ⲻĹͷҡҡͷƺ˴ģ
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ֹ˰ʱͨڵͷҲ֮˴֮ǰһ֮Уһ۵ý𵶣ϵһߣ߾ȻһǸ߼ֻ·ȴһ

˴ķɳңһħ޷ʹã޷⣬ֻƾ豾ʽȥս
߶൱
ߺȻһץס˿˵Ľ𵶣ͼ
벻ǣһקʹ˵ֱ۴¶Ȼķ֣ѽ𵶾Ȼ˵ֱһ
һĹ˷һţߵСߵɶȥ˵ǰ
ȴڿնһֻԳҲƵˣ׼߾͵ͷһ
лףҲԷ˫ۼӲ˶Էһ

ɢٴεɣƵ˳ײ˹ȥ
˲ʶԷҲò֣Զߴ˵ļззɳ֮ͨС
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ĿޱĶƵˣнһУɨ˹ȥ
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䣡
һȭöԷըѳһ϶
ˣʮֲİһ
ͣһȭжԷ֮ٴ˸ȭȭԷҲ֪״ȭӵźȻ顣
ȶ壬Ļ顣
һĻҲò޷ʹĿռ棬սһ壬ÿһȭ˼ǿĻ


479 ݻ
쿴ֱ죬һȭҪǴԼϣҲҪϼͷ
ȴܣ֣þûдôʹˣҪǿһЩã
Ĳļͷǹûˣû뵽ȭͷǹ
һȭƿգȲǹƺܽԼ򣬼æһԡ
ƻּ䣬ɢһصġ֫塱ȡ
Уһͨƴ̤˹ȥǰȻʡ
ɵ֮£һ׵İ̳ɵĽݣݾͷһȻɵĹ
ǧ֮ߣɫߣ߷ųͬһ޴ɽ治ϵɢ뵵İɫ塣
̨ͨףףÿһ̨߶һ׵ĵܣ̬£еıҲһģһȫǽɫǹһһŰپʮŵ̨ף1998ܽ绤ʿ
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ѵ۵йȻãԶĴĿ𾪣žͿ粽ȥ
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ɻһϵһ̨֮ԵʿȻˣгǹһ׼ͺɨ˹ȥ

ǹ˲źС֮ϣֱӾ͵˳ȥƼˣһѽס
һ죬ѾǿѪɫͨ졣
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ˣһ̤ϣٴͬķ򣬲ȴۼֿ죬˫ֱӽǹ˸ץУ˫һͼеǹ
ȴ˿δǹ˲ա
ֻöǹλζ׼һܾһȭ

ײͭƤϣ⻤Ͻ֣Ȼδˣ˻
һеĳǹҲڿлһɫĻߣ׼ĺ󱳾ȥ
Ӳӣԭشת޹ǰɶͬʱӶȭͷ׼һܾͻ˹ȥ
һȭǿܵСٴδĶײ⻤ֻһ£ûܵ˺
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λζ䣬һ̤ʮ̨ףЩȻҲӶйȴϲơ
ڵڶʮ̨׵ĿȴƸĿܻĹٶȸӿݣʹƣҲ޷׵Ķ㿪ֻӲһ
䣡
ǹƵϣֱӾ͵˳ȥֻų֮̂ϣֱӴ̨ף˲ĸ
һǲ콫Ƹ£ȻϿţѾԽϣǻĹԽǿ
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ŤͷЦȻˣΪλȥ
һ㶣ȴܿҽܵħʥκ޼ɣʸλʿϣλһͬأ֪ɷ񣿡
ħʥӦɣ㲻ʥеǰһͬ룿һأƷһ
ʵֻǰ̽·֮ˣʥǰӦúܿ͵ֻͲסһȽˣκ޼ɽ͵
ԭˣǶǲã۹ˣҲݡ
ã۹κ޼ɺǲ죬ϸĴϵĿףĿмɻ󣬵ȴûжʣϾҲ֪ã۹ҲģȻħʥкܴĲ࣬ǰƺҲһԱЦԭǲã۹ģظλҲǵ۹еɣ
ǺǺǣҲǣǣЦ
ҹ⻤׷ĸÿ˶Ըһ˵ԴŰپʮŵ̨ףκ޼ɿں͵ܲĲ˵
Ҳ˵ͷԴ˱ȽϿɡ
ûҶǴеıûȤֻҪЩˣҺȥ
ĸҲУԳһΪı£ֻ̤ϵڶʮ̨ףʹǿͻƣҲᳬʮ̨ס
ʹĺܳһٵ̨׾ͺܲˣǾŰپʮŵ̨ףҪȥ
ô֪ȴ˵ʹ򲻹ҲĬǵ־粽ϣ̤ϵһ̨ףӶȭţһܲ
һ֣ͲһˣӶȭͷÿһȭƿյĺХǵûκλֵء
ƼˣҲ˼ȤҾһ𴳣
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ÿһ̨׶ȽϿ׵Σ㹻˻ӶȭŶԵС
Ҳپ˺Ϸȥŵ̨ף˶ʮֵɣ̤ϵʮ̨֮˾ѾоһЩѹǿܹ
ƾȭţһ˾㹻Ըһˡ


480 
ڶʮ̨ףѹٴӣƽռս֮ϣҲܶԸһ
ʮʮʮ
˶ѾȺܣû֮ȫƾڹתڴ򶷵ʱֺѻָ൱һֱģȴ޷䡣
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κ޼һ񣬱һĳǹĻ˺󱳣ûзɳȥǱſ̨ϡ
ɹһĻˣǽ׻Ȼûٹֻǵͷĵһۣƹȥ
ƲҵһƬ긡ֳϣǹײһ

һΣ΢΢󳷣۰һЩ飬ȴɹĽһû޵˺
ҲԪӤɼףԪӤں֮ɼҾڵһսںһ𣬿ܼףһ£ǲһս׵ģΪս׾Ѿ㹻
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Ц֮һֻãٵļ
ɵ۵ǣܻ治һ̵Ĺκ޼ɾٽݣԽԽߣ̨ףǴ֮ǰ
ҲУˡ
ǻڹһǹСֱӾ͵ȥˤ˽֮£еս׻壬ҲûѪ
ƺͲһĻͶӾһߵֿԵĵܻĹһ̤һݡ
ΪβȥЦʵ
Ϊʲôһۡ
ԭһƴЦһϥһȥ类̨
Ǵ֮ĶƲûзϣϵĵѾ㹻ˣֻǺ棬Ѱҿȸ
ͬҲѾԸ̨ϲϵ뻤ս
ˣڵˣʹö˵ѹҲ࣬ǣ˶Ӧ
ƽʮȫת·ڲŶʮͷħޣԴԴϡ
ǴߣͨһսԼǱһ̤񾳽硣
ԽƺԽо񣬽أȻ໥Ͼÿ˶һʹ졭
̨ײзǳƣҲţϲȥˣӵһ̨´ôõϧĻʵ˷ѡ

ƺͲѾٵ̤һٵ̨ף˶ûϿȫԿԵĻ
Щǿȿսȴ۷֮䣬Ͳľ࣬ǰֻŲ񾳽֮С
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˴ٵ̨׽֮սĶ½ˣ˱Ͼˣ޷ǰ£ڵĻǷǳ޴ġ
һû񣬱һһǹɨ˼ϣϵɫ׷һ죬һ̨׹ȥ
Ƽˣһһץס˲֣ͽ˻
СģһƵı
ȴ΢΢һЦһ߲ʵĹâ֣֮սȫֳ

˿δŷֽѻĳǹץסУĲ˵û°ɣ
ͷ߲ϼսףվƵıһĪİȫУ˲һ뷨ͱĨȥˣ֮ǰûʹȫ
˫ץסѽǹһŻֳǽǹȻٵڻһƨ̨ϣ˵ЪһᣬӦҲǡ
ҿ˿ͷųĻȻǻĽǹȼգԵĻ·ֻҲǳη壬æǹ˫һУһ⸡ǵУһ˽ǹ׼ͻ˹ȥ
ˣæһ㿪ȴҲܹȻڹ
㣿ұȶʱûʹֻ棡üĶơ
ǱϾǹԸ㣬Ѿռˣ
־Ķһᣬ¶Цݣķ㵱ĲңսףӦñǿɣ
ջףһƣһڣһڣ
ԥһ£ǽӹƵľƺҴȾƣһ
һˮʮף͵ĿС
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㶣ΪʲôҪң
飬ԭȫƾĸоƼԥһץ֣ͽƿϣȴĶŲ֣С֣ǲžȻôǿ
Īһ죬æջƿһţʱһϲʲôҩȻƢĸо


481 ֵ
ⵤҩǲɫսǳͬһģ˰ɣ˵
ڻûеޣҵ˼ٳԣĳˣնһƿԼĴԪ䣬վ˫ȭӶǻƴ
ƼˣҲͣЪͬҲӶȭţϳȥ

СģһǲһץסƵӡ
Ƹмĵ˵ͷΣս
ҲСˣЦץס˼Ĳ

һ·ϳ壬໥֣ͣͣЪЪֱǰĹ㳡
ת¿ȥ˾ĴŴȺδδĲʣǵȴЦݡ
죬ҪͰƿڵʮ̨ϢĲ죬Цһ
ͷôСĶˣĻصһ͵ɪɣϹͷˣ̨ˣ
ȴ⣺㣬֮з͸㣬ϲƾ͵ʶ㣡
ʲôսףһϲ
ս͸ֺηһ֤ս׸ô
ɶǰһ

ãͷӾƴȥˣ緢Ӷȭţϳȥ
ҪǲףüҪǰſ£Ҫԭˡ
ϢƬ֮󣬻ͷ˿ɫֵĴڲ򣬿˵ⵤҩͻƵ񾳽磿
ܲͻҲұ֤ؼҪԼ
ܷһָе
ȫԱ֤;ָֻܻܽһߣֻⵤҩȥ֮һֱյĸоͦȥΪԻ
ãҾﾲޣܷΪһѾоԼļޣһֻһߣʹⵤҩûʲôãֻҪָܻ;аһͻơ
Ƶ˵ͷ
ȥһ࣬ȥһơ
ǵ˵ͷ
ƿȡһſڣͽһ˸УֻоСܿȼһһתȫǼļһ󻶺
ȻǺöмֿһơ
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֮ǰһս֮󣬱ѾһѵõΣƾԲ͸ҩҲԲĵĳĶ
Ƽ뾲ޣ򻺻Ŀ˹ȥʮҵĵطͣĿǰ
ʱţԼʱ̨֮ºȻִһҵĴ
ǰȥһˣ첽ϵ̨ףǰΪ׵Ķ
ֻھ֮ʱλҲһƽˡ
쾪һ޵׵Ԩ׹ȥ
Ƽˣͷһһŭֱͷ
ȻͲйڣŶ˵ĽѾ쵱ˣѱ̨ף׹޵Ԩ֮УȻŭ
ǣͷ֮վǽŭѹȥ
֪סĻƱؽ
·˵нٶҪĶࡣ
һʱǾ̤˾Űپʮŵ̨ף˴ǰĿյϡ
ֻǵǿ֮һЩ㶣Ϊ׵񼶱ˣǹͷһһݣɨƵĿ⣬ͬŻ棬ֱԺ
Ƹû¶κη֮ɫĿ䱸ĶŶˡ
Ǻˣʵ
ã۹ƣƼ򵥵Ļһ䡣
ã۹Ϊβȥ
Ʋûлش
ȴĿĲϣƵ⡣
Ǻǣԭһ̨׶ͻƣ̨ܴ̤ףҲɣʹһż۷Ҳʵףͻ֮ǲǾܴﵽ񾳽أ߿Ц
ǰ⻰ʲô˼üֶԷȻЦ˵Ŀȴ¶ɱ⡣
ͻƵĻӦҲ֮аɣԣҾöһ˲һˣ˵գ˫һ̤棬λһӰͳơ
գͷ󺧣ȴܶû˿ԥľͽ߲׸˫ȭ̽

ƶʱ͸оȭͷϴһɾ۰ۣ߰˲סΡ
ԷӣȴҲǲĶƣɫȴһϲսףԭǴģսǲǴոյõģû뵽δ룬ܵõıǸѶҪ
˵֮ٴγơ
һҧ˵ģƴˣϲļһԺ
߲ս֮ϣ͸ֳһһƻһˣӵĳӲ˶ԷһȭԷıסˡ

ֻоϵ·˲ͻ˻ҽ֣ǿ߽⣬һɿֲ˽ԼѪƤʹľһ
ſңӴ֮첲⣬Ƶĺ󱳾ͻ˹ȥ

ս׻壬ɸоǹɿֲһ㽫飬ڿռǳǽ
Ҳͬһ㡣


482 
Ʊסһ֣ǿҲѾٵڣգ֮䣬ҲԷһˡ
˼һĻ׷״󾪣ǸһƵԣֵ̧һѻ׼Ƶ߾ʹ̹ȥ
Ŀռ伫Ϊȹ̣ҲûƿգڴƵս֮͸оߵĹͷһһ򣬲һ֡
ſңһסֻоԼģƤⶼѾջ٣ȥҪʮӣԼҪճɻ
֮£Ķͷ֮УȻһѽԲ飬׼ƵĶͷȥ

ֻоͷĿѣڵǳռһζЩ˹ȥ
û֣֪Լһ֣ؽܶԷȺŹʱԼֵܵ
뷨Ǻõģƴܱס
һ֮ʣŭһ
񱩵ͬբĺˮֱӾͽ˳ȥˤʮ֮⣬е˲Ľ£һ˿Ѫ
ٴιǿս֮ȼյĻ棬кܴη壬ֻĶƣջٵĻ棬ǲòСġ
ĪǴ˵еĵ𣿡һеѪɫ쵶֣֮׼Ĳͷɻ˹ȥ
ѾڵƼһĻ͵

ս֮ϣִһҵײȴ˿δ˫ĳŵ棬ΪȥͻײϣʱĲѾΪؼʱڣܲ˰š
ڵײ֮£Ʊһٴ³һѪ˫ĿȴĶŶԷ³һҲԺǾԻҵ
Ǳ޵Ŀ⣬ʹֱӵĪһȻһ˿η塣
񰵵һǵУֻСС߼ˣƽʱǸῴһ㣬ֶη֮ģ
ǺܿͷԼηһЩָ֮Ӧӵеơ
ѾָϵĴˣȴҲն˲Ѫ⣬ֻǻȻڵ棬ɲ
һƵĺݻЦúúãһǵһ˶˵ֻ֪ǺˣǵģסˣҽггǵҲң
̧ջǻĳһ㽫ǵϵĻȴҲСڡ
սףҾͻ㣬ɱ֮ǰɱߵˣ㿴Լ໤Լǰٺ٣ζһܣ
˵֮󣬳ٴڿգȻʮףӲ棬׼ȥ
޷ڿգΪĳȴԣٶȸܼȥվڲ࣬˫ۣӲ˶Էһ

Ƶ͹ȥֻо˫ۼΪʹ޷̧𣬵һȴûֹͣ¹Ƶͷٴηһ졣
һΣĸоת
ֻʧȥ֪ʱȴǸַ˹Ŀǲ
յģƴһܵĿȴǰȥ
أ
ӴżǿȭͷƵţһȭƼɣײ˲ϣͬʱɣ˴ǽ֮ϡ
һ̣ǽڣͷһΣʧȥ֪
ֻǣʧȥ֪һ˲䣬ȴ͵˫˫ɫĿһڻеƣۿʪˡ
̧ͷʱĿѾɱһȣ
Ƴ죬һɷתȫ֣ȴץסƵ֣ͼ뵽Ƶڣȴһų⣬Ĳɫս׺ȻɫһƵӶưʵʵ
˻ԣűܵķӦҸ֮ҷá
ʶļæſƣֱѾԼϵſƵʱˡ
һ˲䣬Ҳˡ
ɼ׻壬ֻǱ˹ȥ겢ûܵشܵĴ̼֮˾Ҹ֮еעһµ
ͬɢŨϵƵĴ˿ٻָһǿˡ
û°ɣ˫ĵһǴ˻
صĵ˵ͷû£ͻˣЪţԸǣ
վһ˱ǹοȻȴǶ޷⡣
սףѾڣֻֻһ̤棬ξͻһӰͳ˹ȥ
һĻҲûеʲô̤񾳽ˣǰСֻǸոͻưˣҲսȭͷ׼ĲӰͻ˹ȥ
ȭ͸о·ϣңǹĹεɶȥֱ׹·̨ϣ·Щˤ޵Ԩ
ֻһȭ㽫ͬȼɡ
ս˶һ


483 
ɳĿַ˳ϣݼһðûзӦоɱʱ򣬲ȻѣüĺȻɳһξײһ
䣡
һβûԸεɣƵԡ
Է׳һҲأͷȻһɫС
񣿡üһ
ȥɣһСۿɲٶȼն䣬һͬС
˫ȭգ
䣡
һεǺɫľ޴·ɢ޴գȴ׹䣬һѪ
ϾǸո̤򣬸ղŻɳһȭԣһζײԳԿˡ
ߣҲɵˣһжܣ˵ԷĸûжһץסƵļ򣬵𣬾û˴֮ڡ
ſڱ뵵İڸǣһʧ˳С
ͷһ۸ոĳ˵һ׷һСˣ
Ҳٵ֮ڡ

ķֻ֪ǰ񱼣ԼгǧҵʱȻʧǰһȺˣʮˡ
Ⱥ˶ǱǶˣǰǽϵİ˸ʯš
Ŷǹرŵģв˻ڷĹţʯȴһһûС
ȥʲôʯţѰˣΪȸӦڴ˵أȴʧˡ
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һĹ򣬺˾׷ֻǵ˿ǰô˵ʱȴҲסˣ˹ƺͲ
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ظо˿ŤͷһȻƣǿװЦ幫ӣҲˣ
ǺǺǣǰû뵽ּˣˣãߵ橴˸к
ôʶغǳԾ
ʶˣʱʥŮ¾ָأҲҰɣЦ
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ǺǣѾǰֻ̤񾳽ˣҪǻˣ˵䣬ĿҲʱʱɨųͳ
˴ʱѾӳˣƵֻжʮңǷƵ߾Ȼֶ֮󣬱㽫ŭǿѹȥֻĵơ
橿˶Էеĵ⣬ʵ˭
Ҫɱǣ˵һ˽һ֣˵ҽҪɱ˵ʲôɽƨǸ£һЩӵĻص
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ˣҲͦţ˫ȭ߬Ҳơ
ɣһﱰ޳ܣȻֵͻƵĹؼʱڣ֣治ǸǶֹš
ʵƸðһ뵽ƵʦͷһưԼǧһ񶼸ǵη壬㹻һˡ
һ֪̻ʣҽòճ֮󣬽̻ŵҲһſ£رһҪŮˣɽ
Ȼ֪Է˭ȴҲ³ݣΪ˴ֻôһλԽλŮˣŮеκһˣܵģʹҲһ
ʱҲ֪Ƶ⣬ǣȴֲܲһӣرѾ橶ƺӦҲĿ˳ǵˡ
λټϲԼǿֲĻ棬ŵͣջĿ⣬橵˶ӣȤĿǰİ˸š
ݣһΪǶ˲𣬼ʹƴһҲԹаɣô䣿ưһĿȴҲڿǰ˸š
ô£Ҷȥʵ
˵Ҫܽȥ˭ѾĻϹվţ˵űȽϹ죬ʹʹ񶼹˵Ѿһ˽ȥˣ
ǲϹȰɣϸĶÿһţÿһŵɫͬÿһɫƺһȻԪأ滹иԪصĹġ
ȵɫӦöӦһԪأؿ˵ľˮ𡢷硢ڡ׵磡
֪ЩʲôãɵƣǾۣǲȱԲŲŵۣƷʵ
һ仰ˣڳвģ׷üͷ
ͳɫĴǰ˾ͽ˫ϣ˽ȥ
Ȼʯ֮ϺȻ⣬֨֨ȻԶˣһͨǵļ˽ȥ
һЩԸȤҲ׷׸ȥ
һЩ˵ȼˣ¶ϲЩ׷׽Լóһע뵽֮Եʯ֮ϣʯȺܿ򿪡


484 ʮ˱
ֻй׵δ
ƿ˿غ橣ǽţ
ҽ֮ţ橣ȺŰɣֿơ
ƹ⿴˿ڵˣȻٽȥ
˭橺
ʦ
橲˵ͷأسϣȽȥˣ
˵꣬תȥҲŽ˹֮š
ƣһЦţ
νΪҴС͸ӦκεȻԪأ壬һ𣡡
ɣƺǳԾǴʿҪ񾳽磿ңӦȻԪأҪβ
գҡҡͷǸֲ̬־ԼҷˣҽţҲ֪ôˣԺΪ𣡡
һ̤ͬš
һУƾ͸оҰһӿ·һƬأռһƬ֮кƷʱɫ׵ǿ˸Ҳ·޾ͷ
֮ϣȫǺĽȻû˿
ÿ񱩵ƣƸоͷѹҪɵߴ׽ٵʱǿ
ɻ󲻽⣬ȴǰͻ֮е׵Խǿңϵƾն䣬·Ľϡ
ǡ
һֱƶ˶
һ֣͵˾ƿƿһȻ׵ȫС
ǡ
׵ԽԽܼƿɡ
֪˶ãǰȻһԲϰĴϷ֮Уɫžž׹ں֮ϡ
ꣿѾܼ㣬Ȼ׵ɡ
ҲݣΪǰĴҲͬһΣյĸо
Ǻѹѹ򣬿ܲƵ
ֻܷеĿռ֮УҪͽϰȻе㲻ܡ
ƿ˿еľƿʱľƿѾװˣ֪ǰˮȴҲ޷װϾ׵գȴ
ҵǺȥЩ꣡˵
Ҳҵ־ղŵ֮һЩͬ಻ǺʺֻҸо׺֮ƺʲôΣյĴڣ͵
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⴦׿ռǸĿռ׳ػпŦҲΪ
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ͷ˿ֲûٵɫսף࿹⣬ڲ֮ϣγһ㵭Ƶ֣ûнȫżһ͸ֽԼڡ
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Ҹо֮󣬷·ԱҵԶҵѪ͹ô˿ЩսϿɵҲ˼ֽ
ܿĽͲˣƺȻжȥףܼ֮ϣЩ·ȫƵڣƵϣҲ׵Ԫء
Ȼôࣿǲ죬Ҳֻÿӣһꡣ
ƽЩڿռ֮УǱΪ֮ǰսǳʱҲҫ۵Ĺâ״׵磬һռ䣬ͻ״ھ֮С
Ĵʥռں֮ǹͬƵѨλ˴ռƣڵľҲǹ
ÿһйͬСڲϱ䶯ռΪϵš
֮ǰЩûзֵѨλ;Ҳ½ĳˣҲʹСеǹԽԽࡣ
ʮޣں飬С֮УͬڲϵĴһ㡣
Ƶ岻ϵĲţֲȴǳйɣΪǣƵϢȻʱ̵ķű仯һһߡһǡһá
Ƭ֮䣬Ѿ仯˶ʮϢвȻͬľ޴ѹƵɢʹòɫ䣬ѹ֮£ƾͷ·ĻĹ޵壬·ʱԴԼ˺һ㡣
ʶģ͵˼ưҵʱֹͣ
ʱƣͬ붨һվ׺棬һֻһоǾ죬ʮͬʮƣĳڲŵĿռ֮ڣһһߡһǡ
ͬʮ䡣
ֻ̬ϵı仯ƺ˱仯̵Ÿ޵Ĳͬ־
ȻƱ˸ӡҲӰ
צĲõĿ־


485 ʮ˷
໡𡭡
վ׺ϵƺȻһҲ֮仯Ƭ֮䣬ͻ˳׵Ľɫ
̤׺ԡ֮УǸߴ׵ӴϵŲţɽһ㡣Ҫ򳡻Ҫצ׺Ϸ̤Ӳӵۣȶ˫ͬ޵׵ԨͷϵĴǣƾ˼
⣿ǰ˼֮Ȼôͻһѵħޣ͵ģ־ħޣǴ˵еʱڱɱ
ѾܵɢȴҲ֪ԡ
ҪǱЩ۵ĳ˷֣ҪƵڶ۸ɱ
ȻۣǲԼҲ۵ĳ֮һ
ͷŽɫԪء
ϣԪǲģԵһ֧ΪһԪصĸ֣ԽԪͨɽԪء
Ҳ˵Ԫһ̶֮ʱԪؽһĽ
ֻһ磬Ԫزǵڵġ
𣡡
һŭ𴫳𾪵͵صɴ˫ֻǽɫľȻСһֻʮ׳ĴֻȴһëͷŴĹ
һֱ̣˺ɫСӣСɢȴǰԪء
͵ܾȻԸӦԪأ԰ôģô಻ͬ־
ɵ۵Ļں棬ƽ仯˶ʮħޣÿһħ޶ŻȻɵ־ѹңҲͬԪе֣ƶ߱ˡ
ֻһ׵Ԫûг֡
ʱȴ׵Ԫ壬ҪȲյĸӿݡ
ԣѾһȫϵˡ
ȷʵһϵûС
һĻһ־ǰţΪֻҪŬһҲԳΪǿߣûԪ츳ôˣһɱħʦһΪʥֱ
һ·Ȼ˰ۡĮӡǲһֱĬĬŵţЩҲǰĶĥԼ־Ķ
ȴòϣôţǰű֮ǰЩţǹʺ
һ˿ģʮ־ңȫ⣬öŲ
ѾоԼǳǳˡ
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ʮ˸ʲôңÿһȰ˼
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ʮֻٴα仯ÿֻһ֮䣬·ܵһƿأȻĸȻ
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ֻȴֻƬ̣·ֽ˶ʮޣʮٴαΣȻ˶ʮ˸ƣԡ֮У΢ЦĿŲ
⣿⣿Ѿ𺳵˼㡣
ǺǺǣô˵Ц
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Եұ仯ģʮ˸ƿںһ塣
㵽׿ģħ־ΪʲôԱɶʮޣٴʳɻ
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ܣλնȥһħγħħﵽλľ֮󣬲ٴնȥһħһֻǣȴܻɶʮֻħޣȥһ㻹жʮ߸ôܣ
飬֪ˣ̤˲ǰ
˵ͷɫѾָƽѾﵽ񾳽׿ԼľˣԼղŵһЩƵ·ԼҲԼ·Ҫߡ
ߵ·ǲͬģԲΪԷҡԼ־
ҪҪдд裿Ҳÿ֤֤Լʵһǵ˵ҲһһĽǸſˣǹճһĻߡ
ȭЦ˵ҶĸλһһҸоԼս㻹ˣһȭĹֻܶòɫףսףȶûˣʲôʱҴﵽ񾳽ٱҲ٣
ǺǺǣ˵ģʱҪʮ˸
УҺ㣬ʲô
ҵұ
ʲô㱾㽫Լǿȣ
ҵÿһιܿЩĹҵ൱һ˵ҲһԺ


486 
֮󣬺Ȼƶʮ޷϶ɵĸӴޣֻޣռ׺ӴѹҲǲΪޣ֮
ɫص͵ܣĸ޴Ӻζ
ĸƳ˼Ƭ̣Ž͵ֻҵԸϣտԻĸʥޣ
ʥޣٴˣһЩʥ޵Ĵ˵ȸıʥޡ
޵Ĵ˵壬ǵ츳ҲտԴﵽľ磬һޣܴﵽ񾳽ѾܲˣⱻΪ¼ޣﵽλ񾳽ıΪмޣϼһԴﵽλ񾳽硣
Ƕʮֻ޷ѹͿԿԿ϶λ޵츳ʲô⣬ʮֻ޶Դﵽλľ硣
Ҳֻܵ־磬ܣ츳ͷ·ÿһµļޡ
ĸ޴ļӰʥ޼ĻǾ֤ƽӦÿԴﵽ񾳽磬Ŀʵʥ޷Ŀ꣬൱ӵĴķǵں壬ôһ־磿
ףԺð֡
֪ռУֻĸףסססף
ĸףͳ档
ڵλ϶ҪĴ׵һЩ
Ҳд˵ĸֻеĹĴ򣬸ˡħޡ
ԣȥսĹǲֵģѾǲ֪߾ˡ
˼ĲȴһЦʵͦĽģ
ΪΣơ
ΪҺ뷨һģΪ˵־ΰģȫȥս־ȥսνĹʵбûʲôضĹ֪Щֻ֪֮˸Լµˣ
˵ͷ벻͵ԾȻҲ˸ߣ
ǺǺǣֻǾĶˣǼǰɣ׺ƺǵôǺܴˣ̧ͷ˿졣
ʱСѾﵽ״̬Ѿ޷µˣ꣬ȴҲѾ޷˺
ֻĻ˵꣬ɫȴһ䣬ٺһ͵Сģ
һ֮󣬲˫͵һ̤׺棬֮Ƶഩ
ƾһ졣
أ
Ƹոתֵ˻ԡ
˲һͷǰǧңһɴɵĹޣһ˫ĿעŶˡ
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ǵصѹȻƵĴʥɢģһϢסΡ
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ݣΪҺöԸƶٺһһ֣ͽҸ֮Ҹ˳
Ҹ֮Ѿﵽ磬֮ǰΪ˱ƣǿԶš
Ѿӵ˺ܴԣеĿҸ֮ҡ
ձ׳ƾһ˽ȥͬʱҲһ
ڿƵĲһĻҲû˿ԥƸѾһˣֶһ䷿ӣҲûд˵ģֱӾͷ˽ȥ
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أ
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޼޷Ҹ֮ңǷŭɫĴٴ׵ֻ֮һȴ׵βʮ׳Ķܣγһ̰С


487 
һ̶֮󣬾ٴλ磬Ҹ֮Ҿͳ˹ȥ֮Уֻܿһת׵̣ĽӽҸ֮ҡ
Ҹ֮ȴҲȻ˱䶯Щһǰͬγһ޴̡
̣ѳǹݺݵĳײһ
䡭
֧飬ɫ׵УҲ׷ɢ
ڶţһһ޴нķ֮
ģֻޣԲͨλܶԿģͨҸ֮еĸӰ۲
ҲûҸ֮еƲһƬ͵ĿյϣŸ߿յĸӰ˵ֻޣٿλм磬ģûԲ֣
֮ΪƿصĿռ֮ڣͲһˡ֪ûֹޣУǰ˵ȫˣȻ橻ŵĺãƺܲҪ
ȴһЦҡҡͷ˫ָǰƮݡ
ڶƴţƺ˭Ҳ˭
ʱһãƾͷȻһЩˣš
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ѷʱʱ֣ټĥ
飬ΪôͨҸ֮ң
ѾԼԣһ˲ں͵ڽˣԸԼڵ
ƬռҲޱȣҲ޷㵽һʱҲ޷׵Ľ׽á
ⶫͦѰ죬Ȼ޷ѱǲɣ˵
һЩʣüͷ˵ҳȥԣ
һ֮Ƶֱʧһ̣ͳ׺֮ϣֱӷѣ̶˶ʮֻޡ
ЩպУռ֮УӴѹɢ
׺Ե֮УʱԳΣ֮ǰΪЩ޶ѣֻЩ޵Ϊձ鶼ȽϵͣȻ츳ܸߣȴûпȴ


488 ɽ
ʮ޿ϳΪĴʥ֮ʥѹֱӾ飬ʱһַĵĲ츳Ĳ̫ʹսֱӾͽ㡣
ΪĴʥͬʱԡ
ٴһѽӤļ
Ĵʥ黹ǲȻͬʱȥ
æԶŲƣ硣
ܰɣ뿪׺ֻԽԽʥǷ໥Ļƣ̶Ȼɢǹ⣬׺Ͽա
׺Ҳ˶·һ֡
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ɲǾ޴ӰȴСƵıһ׺Ѿʧ
Ҹ֮еĲˣҲɵɵۡ
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ʮ˸ʵĲͬλʵʵڵҪȵǿ
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ͬһɫ򣬱ڿռС
ֻԭ˼һٶȴȻһϲ
Щ׵ڱռ֮󣬺ȻüΪƽͣƻԼȻҲܵЩ׵ˣȫԵԼһԴ
Ժ˴򶷵ʱ򣬸õݽߣеǳתϵıգͨһ֡
ƴЦһҲ˶ʧȥȤ
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һ֣Ҹ֮ҷ˹Ҳ
Ҹ֮ڣƿǼȲˡ
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ᱻȫ˰ɣ´һƣνⷽԲľ޴ˮװԼڵġ
ඣһЦ̧һƣжһɫССܹ⻡˿ֲĻ
ˣ¶һЦڿռϣһҲﲻ־ˣСӳȥλҪըҹ飬ƺҲ޷׺еʱˣ
ըλ̫˷ˣջ򣺡ѵõԴλӦÿըλҪˣ߰ɣ
˴̤ǰ
ֻһοռûԴֿռѹҲûˣ߿еˮҲʧ˾Ȼ׵ڿա
ǸߣԹķص׺ŸɺԵĺף鷢ӤĿɵԴȻǸ˸ˣǸһǻ
ǣڻƱ𣬿ʼռ֮ƴĽתΪƣ̶»꣬һһεռµˮ
ƶԽ׺һֱ⴦ռľͷǰɽɽ֮Ƕ͵ɽɫ֣ǰ
Ӧþǳˣǿȥƿһ
˵ͷ
һͷɽ֮УСǰС
ڲûΪʲôΣգֻͨȴ泤ޱȣһֱ˰ʱԽԽֱȫʧ
ڶǰȴһƬأͷ·ĸɽˮ֮䡣
дȻȻԪأҪ϶Ũ
Կƾѵ֮أǷ棬϶Ϊ
ﾲޣҲǲѡ񣡡˵
δǰУ˵ؿռ·ģǣûжԶܵرѹƣǣҪƿգȴѡ
һ·ȥûʲôر֣̲ݻ̲ݣľľȴûκεĶؿտ֮ȴû˿
һö˶һּΪѹֵĸо
͵ܣûзԪ֮ѣǷ㳤룬һ·֮ϣȴûзһ͵ļƷľȫһЩͨľЩľ֮䣬ȻһֻӶûУƺе㲻Ծɵ
Ҳע⵽ˣԪŨԽǰȥԪؾԽģ˵Ӧ÷ǳʺֲһЩĲľͨĲľŪҩ԰ҲֻΪˣȼǰɡ
ûãǰȻһɽɽ߲ҲʮףɽϷɫ֣Ŀ޷󼰡
ռеĸԪأ·ɽƼʹǰɫͷŲɫϼ⣬ɽҲһɽò
ֻŶ˵ĿȴҲԽԽǿԼһգɽɽ֮ҲӵǿҲ޷С
ɽɣۣû¸ôһɽʲôƴһ
ǲȴȻһɽ


489 ħ
ʵ֪ͨŽˣҲвɽ£ֻɽ̫˶ָڲͬ򣬸޷Է
ңЩѾʼɽˣһЩΪߵģ˰ɽһֱ󣬲ͼշ飬ѵʱҲȽ϶ݡ
ȻҲ˲֣Ѿֻʣһ롣
ʱͷһ⻬ɽ壬ɽ湴šɽ֡
֣κεĹɫ·ǱһƾյɽϵģÿһֶռŷԲ׵
ɽͻȻһĪҲɵģǰеɣӦУûУǵ½УΪһϵȻѾɥʧ˴ɷһЩɵӰӡ
͵ֺ֪ܿν⣿ʵ
˵һЩԴף̽ڳƺϣһֱ͵ܣҲ˼̫ˡ
˵Щ˵ʽ̫һ¸һΪɡˣЩԼߣȻ࣬սȴΪǿҲΪһ˵ĴڣǲŸо˼вټ۱ǼΪ֮ˣǲžۣȴûɱҪս׵Ȩ䣬֣˵
֪µЩɡӺζٴηʡ
඼ԼģΪλὫȡΪɡǸԣţս׵ʱ±ΪɾĶ飬ϱɱʱʹףɵʲôִӺζȴտڲԣֻǽһ䣺ɣܹʵģ
ɣܹʡ⵽ʲô˼ƿЦһ
һԣ˵ɣҲһ׶η֣͵
ѵɣɼ磿һ
ɵĻԼǲˣԼ̵ɼҷǳɼˣ
ʮֲ죬ûио⣬ҡҡͷҲû˵ɣֻһ԰ˣΪţ
ųһˣ
ͷɽƵǵˤɣ
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԰̧ĺȻɫһӣƬ֮䣬Ѿ׵ĸ߶ȣһһĽסʹŶɽȥ
ٶȺܿ죬ɽƲ㣬ƾͷָ߿ϼƼγһ޴У쳣ɽ֮ϣʲôЩϼ⡣
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ֻƶ˲ǣ֮УȴʱʱͷѪɫ塣
ħһ۾ͿǺǰһߴʯϵ塣
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ֻڿħƺѾѾ޷ħȫסˡ
ΪҪһѵǴ˵еħ壿һ
֪ħ壿Ʒһ
żмأħʵһͳƣҲ࣬ɷҲǴ½еһԱǻεĽ壬ӵ˵ǻۺձ鶼öɱΪǿǲֻľγϵҲйԼĻԻʷ
ڵħϹħӰӣΪҪͺһֵ䣬ã۹ʼҳ˽⣬Ҫ߶öࡣ
ԭħкܴ𰡣ưһҲ´Ų
ܲڣȴݸһЦҲ԰ҵħΪҾֻ壬ǺǺǡ
ҪħͺˣٺѱɱƲ䲻Ļһ䣺ħǵİ˴֮һħʲôϵ𣿡
ħʵԳħ˵ͷħĺ廹ûħҲҡҡͷģɡ
ϹվҲǸ£Ѳɻ봳ħҾ㵹ǿԽȥħʵֵѧϰĵطħĹսԿٴһ̨ף
ȥôȥûĵһۡ
Ƕһ˶ߵʯͷħѪɫǱʯ壬ǣⰼȥ棬Ѫɫš
⵽ʲôʯͷ̧ͷʯ֮ϣϸĶ֡
ֻԽԽۻѪɫһͷεĸоʶƾ͸оã˦Ŀ⣬Ҫջ


490 橵ļ
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ħ𣿡˲ȶ˷ڵڣֻǱ۰һЩ顣
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Ŷô˵Ų㶼һħ
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кܶˣھı۴ٴ˹
͵ܣһѽƵһԣ˫һ̤棬ڿնȥı۴󺺴һ

ȭ൱羫һ㣬ڼҵʱ򣬻ײ˻𻨡
һֵУƢرͶԵϲУǲȴǿԽǿϲַʽս
˶൱ı۴󺺸ǲʵҲħ壿
Բˣ򵥵Ļһ䡣
ҹʲôɣ

һʱҲԷֳʤڵϣȼһѩѣµĳ
ȻռһζƲԶƾճһˡ
һ£ֻ¶һ˫۾
ڵһ¾վ橣
ҲܲĿƣô͵ˣ
ֿ֮˿ڴеĶˣǲ⡣
ţ橵ֳһˣصˡ
֮½½ֶһƬжʮˣңʮ߰λλֻλǸ߼
ͳһƣĿһ˿ɱǵǷֲһı۴󺺴֮ɱࡣ
ǣκ޼ɾȻҲƨɵļһƿûʲôøУֻǴʱκ޼ɣȴߴ񱳺
Щһı۴󺺵ͼˣҲ֪£Լһǰװ۵СӶ򲻹ζԸôλ
Ӷһȭı۴󺺺Ȼ˳ȥһǽǣɱʮĶЩˡ
Ǻˣ˵ʲôطı˶ٺһһ׹һ֮䣬ͽı۴
üͷù񫣬˴ţȻܲתƵߣһۣ˵ɣ¥һʮ㣬ͨ۹صͨǿȥ
棿ͷһϲһ·ƷۣʹҲΪһ˲С˺ҪɽȻԪؼΪŨҲô졣
ǳͳգԶ̨ױ˹ȥ
Ǹյ̨ףͣĿɱı۴󺺣˵Ŀʵ
ı۴΢΢ͷ
¥˹ȥ
˵ȷ׷β±˱һ㡣
ؿһ橣ߣ
һҴһ𣬳Ͽһ橿˿ƺͲˡ
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Ҳˡ
ȴĿ橣ôźһˣ
Ը⣬ܵеСˣһôȥ֮һıɫĿ·һĿŲ
ֻоڣһۣ˾ˣ˵һЩ


491 ħ
ô˵СˣǺãҾͽһܵܰɣüЦ
亹죬ѩѣڶ֮䣬˵橣㵽ʲôĿģҿƵģҺ͹֮͢ǻһЩԹûнģʲô˼
⻹⣿ôǿʦΪ㵱̨ѾΪˣ˵䣬̧ǰ۵ܷܷ֣Ҳһ
Σֻø橵ݹȥһ
ţٴ˵
ƵҲеѩУȻŸ橵Ǹѩڣ֮󣬴ӿȡֱӾ͵ݸ橡
ò۵ǣӦʥޱȵʥŮ߼˾Ȼֱӽҿɴ¶ǰѩľգס߹ͷ
⣿Ƶ߹ĶȻںƵʲôϵ⣿ͻˣڿˣͬʱҲơ
ƵһѩѣҪҪҰţ
һץѩѣһ˰㣡
ѩ֮󣬲ſ˵ڵţ
ƨʲô˱Ů˻ĥߴΪӻ̣ΪŮƿһ֪ԼҲ̣һָ֡
˻ָ֪ʲô˼ͷѩѷǻϣȼ
һγ̣оһЩã֮󣬱㷢ȷʵζŵĳ
ĳ̣񴳹صģǽǵı۴һЩɵۣ𾪰ΣǺʲôǶ
ʶɣУѩѣֿģҲһɣƶı۴˹ȥһѩѡ
󺺽ӹ֮ѧƵڿУħ壬ûȻԪأʹҲŪ˼ֲԸƣ˫Ĵֱ˫ͨ죬ɽֹͣƣѩѵȼˡ
գУֵɵˡ
˱飬ı۴¶ԺЦݣĳ˼֮˷ܵգգۣöۣҪֶ飬ԸһֱȥСޣֵܣС㻹ж٣ܲܶң
ƺƾ֪ħҲƨ˵УҪʲôҽ
ı۴üͷ´һԼָûУϸǿһʲô
Ƭ֮һת֪һܣֻҪԸСҾͰܸ㣡
ܣֵǮ𣿡
ȻֻҲ֪ħ
˵ʮѩѣȽţ˵ܶõĻһѩѣ˵䣬׳ʮѩѡ
ֱ֫裬ʮѩѶȴһЩĳ˳򣺡ô㣿
˵ܣٸ㣡
üͷĬãſ˵ܾǣֶȥŹأ֤ЩħԸ㣬ֶ˵ʵ̫ˣ
ݣ˵Ǹֻһ֪ܣıߣ
˭Ļ뵽ħȻ˵Ļѩѿ¶һݣֻУûУҪħ֪ѩѣǲŽй¡
ǰħȴİ鵱ܣİڳƺѩѽԸƵġ


橼ŷŭӣ׷״Ц
ı۴ȴƣ³һǸгˣʮѩѣҪܣ˵ܣԱǲѵ˵ҪҾԼѾܳԿˣ㣬ϵѩѶң
ҸͷܻһУʱһߣͱɣƴһ
ɲܷŭƣܵĳѩѡ
ķλжһʮ׵ѩѣھûˣƼ˵һѩѻûг꣬һʮѾʱͼˣеСѩѣ˫һ档
ֻǣ˳橺ͲоԼӦøɲ࣬ԾǿڵȸһٸһǧţһʮҸһܣܣ֤ңеڶħ֪
赽ҪٸһٸʮΪһƾձһ˵˵˵ҾٸһЩ˵ھ¥¥ϵЩħҲӦñЩ˴ſˣҲʲô
˵꣬Ӹ˴һѩѣ̤¥ݿȥ
һı۴󺺼ˣ̣ڼȵȣҸǣҪʮΣ
˵֮ȻԸٺңӦûܺúõ㣡ƻͷɴһۡ
ٴüͷ·ʲôѵľƵģգ̧ͷƣħǿշģһռ
ƺ͹ˡ
̧̧֡
׶Է˼ٴεһ˹ȥ


492 
󺺺ܲƲƲ죬ʮһλħȥҲλǿ࿹⣬ڲһ飬ֻҪܱǿ飬Ȼܵõħ
飿Ʋ
ô˵֪ܻС
ûˣ׳һָҪѩѣ
ħӹָ̽뾫ɫһϲſھͽָ˸УɲҽָϣһǿˣѴָô죿
ͼȥʱıħȴֺȻһǵʵǲܽλλħģħĳλ񣬾ܿмλԣȥҲٸһ飬ЩħеħǲܱɱģʹˣռҲܽǸԣҽ㻹СȥλħȻҲҪпܱԶħе׼
лˣǻٴμĻᣬһٸѩѣƱ˱ǫ̤̃̄ס
һ飬֮ǰѾֲܿŮӣźüͨλˣıħߺһ
ţѵǿȸаһ֮ͣ
ıħȴһûпǳʲôӣΪǶ棬ǵһ뷢׵ͷ
̫ӵʦһȴֳɳһѩѣıħǰлˣ
ıħˣɫϲæ˵ллŶϵķϣٸһܣǽͨ˵ʮأʹҲûйϵʱмͨסҪѡǸϻŮӵţٺ٣߰ɣ֪ľôˣ
ıħ˰֡
ƣѾҲô׵õģεЦЦ̤˵ڶ㡣
ڶ濴ȵһСڲռȴȵһаĶԲȴǳĿտվһͷĽħ
ħһ˽ɫıǹһˣ˫֫ڵ治Ų̤֮Ŷ˵ȻһԾ𣬻ʮ֮еıǹ͵ؾͶ˳ȥ
һ⣬磬Ŀơ
ԲۣôҵùҪңưһͷħҪıħΪ߳һСȼλ硣
ϲɫս׸̧֣һȭ׼ͻ˹ȥڶʮ־ͨȭ棬½
ء
ʮ޵־ǹȺ֮󣬱ǹĹڼٴײװȭͷϣһ졣
ǹɣҲʮ񼶱Ȼǿ
ͷһĻɫ¶ֲ죬ѡΪģԭΪԼıǹȻԽԷֱĨɱȴƵȭͷϸܵԶħϢǷ·ɱȻϢȽ࣬ȻȫĹ
ҲĿһۣҲ벻ƣȻڹһ̣ӵôǿıȻֻߣǣɸо˴ϢĿ£ԼԼƺħ޵˻
ɣ̤ǰ˫ϵɫսҲʱ֡
Уеʱ䣡ֵȼһѩѣ֪Ҫ൱սҪϵս
Ŀһ·ȥΪȻ¥һԽԽߡ
Ҳһ橿ŲѾͷսһ˵
ƵһҲ˵ֱȼ֮󣬵ݸ橣Ŀȴͣ橵ѩ׵ϡ
橵ıͦϸҶüͷȻں棬ڸǰ˵ġ
ܻһЩ嶯ԺҲڲϵĸǷһĻ
оĿȣĺ촽³һ̣΢΢̣𣿡
ʶһ
ߵŮ𣿡
ˣƻشֵʱ򣬲źȻѡ
橼ȻЦ
һЩɵۣҲѾ³ӦǸ橵ķ˵ԸҲ̫˵ɣ
Цɶֳһ̣橴˹ȥ
橻æһЦɫѵ𣿡
㱾˻ǳϵأСһ㣬һһյ֣ǽ̻ʶ㣡
̻ʣҸҪ̻ʵıбԣսȭʾ
ٺ٣Ǿ͵ƣ̵ģٿԿ϶һ㣬橶Լûе⣬ӦҲ̫ܾԼ׷ֻҪĥ롣
ǺȻȴ뵽һؼ⣬̬ĿŴ򶷵һһħ˵Դ磬һᰡüȥֻΪˣɣﾲһᣡ
ˣ֪ˣǆȫĵͶսǲˬƴš
Ƶһ橣橺ý㣬ҪҪޣ޵Ļܲܰһ
㻹澲ްҪͻˣ橲Ķơ
һЩ£鷳æ
橼棬Ծ͵˵ͷ


493 ȷ˲л
ƽʮȫҸ֮ңʱ˵ͬһ㣬ռյģԲڰꡣ
һԵ橶оǳĹ죬ҪǰΪѾ϶뿪ˡ
Ҹ֮еŮϾޣʹһŹϵŮд
˫ƮݵĻƵǰ๫ʲô飿
ȥһط˵䣬ƾͱס֫ڿնŲƵҸ֮еһ޴Ĵ֮ϡ
Ҹ֮Ѿвٴģ½ʱ򣬾Ͳ˳͵ĴҪȲã۶ЩǼʴ
идʥħ޾ʯ͸ʯҸ֮еĴҲԽԽࡣ
׹˸ֱʧеħ׳Ǽ̳֮ڡ
ɳİ¯һֱڼ̳ڲĿռ档
ǹջڣƾͽеʹøӰӰ˽
Ȼһֻķ֮ɫһ๫
ħ׳ǣҲǸʦϼңǻʥ̳ڲռ䣬һӦ۵ӷкܴĹϵпܾĲл꣡
ĲлꣿΪʲôٴʵ
ҾͲˣȸ˵˺ȸУǱʦӦþȸķŻὫ˵Ĳл֮ǰǺýõģ
ֲҪʦתȸ˵ǵģ䲻ĵһۡ
ٺ٣Դ§֫Цҿɲۣ๫Ժ̳Ҳȫ滹ĸأ
㽫лȳȥһҪǱ֣кܴΣգһĸоħ鶼һЩˡ
ҲǣҵķͼҲһЩοӦܵ˲лӰ죬ϾǶͬͬԴġҲȲ˲лֻ꣬ܿԼˣĲл꣬ĸλֻҪǿ԰лָһĻԼӦþͿˣ
˵䣬ȡơ
֮ʵֻ棬һǷ˻棬дһЩɫڶɫĻ棬Ҳǿȸһȸ𣬷·ɫĺ
ԭ˻ȸͷ˻ԡȸǻ̫ͬһһףˮݵġ
ʹÿȸ𣬽ֻǿĽֻ湲֮ͬڡҲܲ˼ʥıը
ȸȴ̫ͬͼеһߣ߸ʹ𶼷ǳİ֡
ʱһķ˻·оͬԴһֻ޴ϵķУ֮طͼƣǷ˲лںϡ
˲лƺҲӦԭĿⶢǻΪİ¯Ǻӡ
һĻҲȷе뷨ͻһӰʧ˰¯УĿռ䡣
ڷ˻ͼ뿪ƵƣҲֹ
Ȼ޷ʹĻ棬ΪˣֻҪֹ˻Զɳ
һֻĻֱӾǷ˲л˹ȥ
˲лһţһ˷ܵУͽǻ˸С
ֻеĻǳĶ࣬һӾģʹ֮䣬һɫ⻡֮еĻ棬ϵ˲лƼ
˲лҲԽԽԽԽʵľͱķˣɫķڡľӥצȸһķβͷŲɫĹâɷ
ֻס˵ȴεĽ̶ڵϡ
һÿһ̳ĵصףʱΪʵ󣬽ľͱֱˣ֨֨ɫͷĲϵ˸ɢĻԿš
һ˼̳ϷĸĸӦ׷üͷ˫ֽӡõְǰһϡ
Ĺɺǵ̶ͨ󷨣㼯С
һԲֱͨͲռ䣬Ǻɫٵľۼ˷˱ķϣⷿҲһ״Բη󷨣󷨵õɫ֮󣬾Ȼٵ뿪·һŴ˷˵ϣʵʵ
ķܴ͵һһҵУһţ͵Ĵ֮ڻ棬͵һŬվǷ˫צĿŵ棬̶Ħ
ɫһһڣϵĻҲԽԽʢҲͨڲϵϵĺ⣬ʹúɫĲԽԽ١
أ
˵źɫϵһߺȻϡ
ŵڶ
ء
˲лȫϣҲ˶վٴֱ
ͬһʱ̣ͬʱһɫ˲ò԰ޱȣÿ˶³һѪ
һ˵Ѷ˵˲лб䣡
һȡһŴѶ飬ȴûеõκεĻš


494 
ҲǱħ׳Ϊ
еһʹôѶ鴫ѶǲûеõκεĻ
Ӧòˣ鴫Ѷ飬㷵أ
˼ͬʱ鴫Ѷ顣
ʹΪΣյҪ
ͬʱɹĳһ֮УںͿȸеɫȻһ䣬ĸѶ飬ֻǴѶȻѡ
ô£ѵʥ̳ʲôΣѿڶ
һ£ԲĸѶ鶼ģĸƾʥ̳Ը˵飬һǷǳˡ
ãҪȥˣһЩ⣬ҽ˼֮㣡˵
﷢ʲô飿ҺһȥɣһҲܽģһУ
˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷ֪Լ˵ĹϵҲܺãȻԸ⿴Լ˵Ĳлӡڻʥ̳֮С
ҾȽ㣬㲻ʱС֮ٴһȥħ׳㣡ȸ˵
ãͣ߳䣬ڿն𣬸һ·Ĺ͢ҲٵʧԶ

ʥ̳֮Уڽ֮еķ˻ȫա
ΪĻ޷ôӴøӱӥצķצ⣬Ŀŵ棬γһۣɫøͨ죬ɫԽԽ٣صˡ
¥ĸ鴫Ѷ֮ɲϵǰ֮Щûγɴͨ󷨣
ʱ͵ĸ˱ѣǼʹҲҪˡ
ʱһƽ˫Ŀһֱڶͨÿһȶаףʱֻʣŵһ׻Ǻɫˣȫͨ졣
ɾһףȴΪѲʱһ£ȴȻ
ܼһѻͺˣư֮󣬿˿
๫ǴҲ³һЩ˻𣿡ʱħӲҪĸо
Ҫ԰ɣֻһˣӵʱˣϻ߷ʲôͲˣ
̬ĵ˵ͷħ˺ȻԺ̶뿪¯֮С
ֻ˵ΪԷǳĴ󣬿Ǵʱɷ˵ȴķϸܵ˼ů
ħ뿪֮󣬱û֮ǰĲ̧ͷѾĸߴ׵ľ޷޷ҲںĶ
Ÿʲô㰡Ƽæ
ķħŷӦһţ׼һһڷ˻档
˳֮󣬻϶࣬ȻħΪ̫ͣĻ룬ͬѹһݡ
·ĺֻ˵Ŭ֮£ʧžصһ죬ɹѡ
֮ӦǸ񣬸ֱӵ˳ȥײ˺ǽ֮ϣɫһƬ׹ֱ֮Ӿͻ˹ȥ
һˣҲʹѹȻӣɫͨš
ķħڶһҲǻϲæŲƵһһ࣬ٴһ˻档
Ƭ֮Ҳˡ
Ǳķ˺ȻһУչһᣬȻһ
֨֨أ
Ҳȫϡ
ʹ֮˷ܵ˫չ֮аС
˵֮ͬǶڼ̳Ϸıеλ˵ȴ繥׷״Ӿоѣ̶˫ֱͷ͵ط
¼ʹֻʣһƲл꣬ҲǷǳǿġ
˼Ȧ֮󣬾ħǰĿƺ÷ǳᣬڿԼĺһ
ֻоԷһַиУͬӼĸס
Ȼצ׼һĿռͻһ£һռѷ֮֡
֮вķ˻Ҳٵ֮Уƾ͸о¯ȻյһĽڿնѷ֮û롣
ɴԼֵס
ƾһ
ܿͻָӾһƬ
ǹԭҰˮ̣ǷħҲƾճ֣ڸǵߡ
Ƿһֱû˵̧ͷ˿գٴηһУħˡ
˫ĬƬ֮κȻС̶һ֮䣬ûķħ֮ڡ
һæӦħ飬ȴûзְ㲻ס
ô£ƣҲˣıһͬӰ¯˳
ʲôоûУﲻԵĵط𣿡ƿԵʵ
ҡҡͷһͽԼħ˻˫ۣӦԼħ飬ȴޱȣ·ԡȪ֮Сħ֮ڣϵлԼħ鴫һµֻڸıԼħ飬ڸıԼı塣
ȴϣ·ȼһ棬


495 
ƺ
ȴδţûᡣ
۲ãıϣƲûзκεʹ֮ɫ΢
´Ҳ֪Ǻδջеƣ¯ʹð¯֮ͽ
Ȼ֪ȴֿɣһ˲䣬ͱ˰¯˰¯龻һࡣ
ʱǶɻеĻӣƺֳ˲٣һߣȳҲøѤ
ֻ棬ײһǻӵһȻһ̺Ȼ˫ۣȳ΢΢һɳھϿգɻĶƲ
ȴҲͣ¯ڣһ˲ƣŲƳǧ֮ңŽһƬ˼ʺɽ֮С
̧ͷ죬һȻˣǾͶһ׽ٰɣȻǷɽ٣ӦҲûжĹϵɣϾֻǣҵ˻ȥ֮¸
һ֮ȫͷų
֮УƺһֻεĴ֣ǹ򣬹Ӧ֮ͽ׽١
һ۵Щ׽٣û˿
һԼϣȫĳڿռ䣬е
ʱƣƺһֻþоԼ󣬾Ȼ˷Բ򣬶ʮֻ׾ͷ·ƾճ֣޵Ŀռϵڣ˶ʮֻ޵ϡ
ʮֻȴû˿η壬ԡһ㣬ϵۼ׻ëԵøʣиǲϵףڵЩǹ㣬ҲԽ
֪˶ã˫ָо֮ʧ̧ͷ죬ѾһƬˡ
ȻʮˣҲûȥˣû¯һҲѾѣϲǻˣ
ֲͬȴƺһͨĸоȻһʣʮֿġ
һƵٴ¶ϲЦݣ๫ʲôΪˣ
ʲôΪˣƷԼھȻӦ͸ˣԿ϶ΪһԼߡ
Ӧ˰ɣҲһЩҿ϶Ļص
ѽȻǳľϲһѱס͵ؽת
๫Ц
˷ܶʱ˫أȤʵʲô
ҵӦþҵħɣħ飬һֻչǧ׵ľ޴˳ڰ¯Ŀռ֮вϵа衣
ΪʲôǲǷ˲лԭ򣿡ʳɻ
ӦǣǷ˲лҵķ˵ˣҵΪ֮ȫΪ
ħ飬ħСԼǰ
ƿĿС˵ĿУ溬һŻľʯǾʯֳ͸ɫƺͷŲɫĹâ
ⵤ֮лԺһҵΪҲģ๫ֻǲ֪ΪʲôҵкһЩԼļ䣡ü¶Ŀơ
ʲô䣿̧㷢
񣬺ǶԷ˻еԪؼĸţǻеİأлһӣ๫ԲҡǸĿơ
ǺǺǣʲôһҾӦǷ˲лģҪ˼ҵͶԪصĸ򣬶һЩļҲûʲô֪๫һֱȸأ㼴ʹ˷ҲûʲôǷޣٺ٣ڳˣ˵˫ޣҵΪ᲻Ҳأ˵Ц䣬ֱסĴꡣ
šһ˫Ҳıסơ
죡һԵСȻЦ
ôһ֣ûмǵ˼ˣƵСһۣСƨʲô
ˣҿʲôӴÿһ飬˵ÿһ仰ҶǵõģСͬһ㣬հ͸죬ϴŲɫѣһͷǳ̵ͷˮĴ۾
ڻûְɣƷһ䡣
ŮѾ˸֣ܺҺϲкɻӣС³򣬷ɵļͷ档
ɻӣţ̧Сͷһ¡
С鵹ҲûƤľ˾С̧Լյ㷢
ǻȥɣڻҪħ¯òǹţȷǣɫ
˵ͷڿԺһ˰ɣҲܰһԸЩˣ
һıڶ벻๫УһĲл꣬Ȼֱӿɽںʹڣֱ˾磬벻ѵٶܱ𣿡
ֻӦʽ˵ˡҪҪȥԣû׽٣Ц
Ȼħ˵ɽٵ鲻ƱڿնƮȥ
ˣȥģҲһȥ
ô뿪¯Ⱥҵķһȥһط
СƤͷǲ뿪ļͷ˾ĺɻУʼľޡ


496 ʮռ
Сǰ¯е飬ƾ辻ɻԸһλ񣬵Զ¯ȴ൱һĴڣʹƾףҲֻܶԸͨҪٳһ㡣
ƶʧڴ֮󣬲ǹͱһƣŰ¯ĳǳؼɶȥ
ƵıǻصҸ֮ңط壬˫ֲںͷħƴţŷ
ˣһΪأƺѾȺʱѵ
һЦվĶɽٰ˼ȫ򿪣ЦҲھڸооΪǲ־һЩ
´һҡҡͷôڷԽԽ޷ˣ
ٺ٣ҲִͣҸ֮н
Ȼֶһˣüͷһ壬ʶڶ½ʱ򣬾йһ֮Եǵо֮һЩԾ񣿡
ôӻ԰ɣһס֫Ц
һƣŤŤˣƵĻﳷȤĿͷ򶷵Ĳ
ʮȥˣΪӾӿʼķأѾռϷˡ
˵㲻һֱ򶷰ɣȥ۵ıˣһЩ
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ʮ죬жʮͲ򴳽ˣ㻹֪ɣ
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㵱ˣ
ĵ˵ͷ
ƲȰ裬˲һͨĴָʮѩѣСһ㣡
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ʲôԶסˡ
ŮȴĶͷķˣȻ͹ڵأμʺ󣡡
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ƺһЩԭߣӦð㵱ķʥˣ
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ÿһ¥ݶȽۣ˺̤ܿͨʮ¥ݡ
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橻ƣǲ˲ᣬһΪǷ˵ħΧɱǿɾ鷳ˡ
̤ϵʮģǰһƬأɽɽ룬ɫءɫʯͷû˿ϢǴȺɽ֮д


497 ʦ
ЩӦöûдһأƷʮռɲܷУĿ⿴˹ڵķ
橺ǸƵԡ
ֻһЩ󣬲֪һ͢ʥŮΪҪƵߣƺŮҲûжĵ⡣
ҿ÷˷Уƣ˵
ǻ˫Űɣ治֪жǿ󣬲óĿռ󷨣Ȼ޷У죡
˵գǰ۶ȥ
ȻܷУ˵ݻǿԵġ
˻̣ٵǰһɽͷϣͷǰɽ֮ӰζϸһȻλ
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ǰɽ֮УԴصЩΪһ壬ںһ˽ս
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ѵռпܣɻ
ô죿ҪҪȥʵ
ͨ۹ţӦɽ֮ˣȥҲͲܴ
Ҿ÷ԣռħ᲻ʶ
ȵһȣǿһ㣡˵գץס֣ɽ˹ȥ
ڶ˵档
˿ʮ׿ɽʱ򣬴صѾ˳Щ˴ˣһķŭи֡
һصħʲôȻԿôܣЩ˵ͬ飬ȻˣһܵĿƣǣһ۵
һؿǺѹȥˣһֱںͿܴǸħһֱûж֣˵
橵˵ĵٵݹʵû°ɣ
橵˵ͷǰɽﵽʲô
ɽкü޴ʯţӦͨͨȴһ˩ϵħţͶڼʯǰֻҪ˿ͻһЩǴЩ̨ܱϵĵܺĶ࣬ңȻв̨׵ˣԼǴʱЩ߼򣬾ȻǸħİ֣˵
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ֱ𹴿ŲͬͼΣһǵһ黭һͼһĿʿһǸ־
Щͼʹòɫӡȥģǳı棬رͼΩΩФףɿԿǻеŮǳǳЦ⡣
ֻǣȴ⻭һЩ죬˳ߵźȻ֣˾Ȼе
Ҳһ⣬ͬȵĶ
ԣǶҸʲô
ǸʯŵΪʲô㳤е񣿡ʴ˻ء
ʻ˵Ŀ⣬ǰ⼸ʮˣǴǴ½׷׽ĿϣӴʶϵ̽ʹĶͷͳ㺹
ʲôʲôƵǰŭһ͵ˣûŮôӵ⣿سϣ鷳ܲܽĿһߣǹĳϣѵҲӵ⣿
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˵ȼˣ׷üͷȴҲȥ̽
ôȴƷǳĵӣǵĳ
⻹кڰ͢ƵĿҲǳĲơƿڲã۹Ķһʮλ߼ġ
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Ʋᰵڽ͢ˣųĶ˵ǸһᱨģʹұˣҵʦҲұ𣡡
һƱԼʦţɫһ֪ԭħ׳ǵˡ
ͳգҲһݡ
ڽ͢ļɫҲһ䣬ǿ䱾ȸȸǻϵӣڽ͢Ȼǰףǣϵλȥһķ
ǳĲбһֱȥڽ͢ȥɱǣ°ڽ̻ҲҪ֣пܻὫǽȥ
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ҲףԭӦúǳҵĹ͢ΪǺƴյһ𣬾ǴĿ˵橣ʱȻҲ⿪ɴһʱŽҿġ
ѵ͢ʥŮƣҵĶԹڽ͢аһ
Ȼ̸Ϻħ׳ǣȴҲȥҲջĿ⡣
Ƽˣ¶΢Ц˵󣬺ٺ٣Ժûµʱ򣬾ʹƣܼȺŹ
ʯŷ
ʯǰһ༫ΪªĺȦһɫӣӼʯ֮ұϣڵϣһһƾɵذףһʯ飬ȻħޱĶŹȿڡ


498 ɱ
Ȼһǻɢƣȴ˲ҽӽһ˫޸۾̶һ㣬䡣
ǰһ߰ʮλȼһˣЩд󲿷ֶǸ߼лʮλУλǰڸ߼λĺ棬ɫףýǹ
ţ죿ƺȻȺп˲Ӱ
ȻŽɫͷֻ¶һ˫۾ǳһ˫ܽϳ
ֻǴʱĲ죬Ŀնˣûȥơ
ûôѵıˣ
עӶʱ˵ϣ֪ô죿ȥ¾ҪԶ
ҪЩܲû̫⣬ֻǸرаţһ궼·ܵ˸ţ޷ȫԵУʮкüոտƵģǰСҲǳɫص
СǰƾɵذףȻСʮףϺ񻹲һƲϳ˵һЩ֮⣬Ȼ⼣
λеӦÿԿеͨ˰ɣưһ
һӵλǱţҪǰЩλҲԲ̫ѡ
˼Ƭ̣˵һǺúõϢɣҾĸԪػͦģȾ޸ǧ˰ģΪ֮ȥԸҲ٣ƺ˵
ʲôǧ˰ꣿûĵһۡ
ȴ߳ȺڲԶһʯ
˶о֮ʱȻЦٺٺ١
ɳƵЦ˸оûţ衣
Ȼ˾ͷֽŵµɽʯһҲŴɽʯһʯͷ
˵׼ȷһЩʯˡ
Щʯ˷·ǽŵµɽʯԶ϶ɣһ˹ȥ
˼ˣɫһЩţ׷׷ػ߹
ء
һʮʯ˱顣
ǽžȻðʮԽԽ࡭
һðһ˾͸оΣˡ
̧ۿܣ飬ڵɽܣȻʯ˸Χ
Щʯ˵Ϊߣֻ൱ͨ򣬿Ǽܲס˶࣬ܿͶǧˡ
ƺҲ˹ֻʹÿռ֮壬Щʯ˸򲻶ֱۣЩʯ˱Զɢ
ɱɼҷưһ̧ǰɽԵɽ忴ȥĿҲ¶һ˿η塣
Ƕ͵ɽϣѾðͷ顢ʤһʯ˴ɽ֮ʯҲһԾ
֮Уһ˲Ͷڵ㣬ȺȻһ㣬ǵء
Ǽˣɫ󺧣мһˣ쳷
˷׷ԶɽΧɱ˹ȥ
ڵλ൱һɽȣ滷ɽǿ󷽵ɽ֮󣬴ɽҲðʯˣЩʯ˺ηʹ֪Ƿɶ˻ȴҲϧ
ʯ˵ٶҲޱȣһ㣬˷ȺӲʯΣ
ء
ըһһȫּҲ޷УֻܿݣԶɽȡ
ƵĹܼ򵥣ÿһζǻӶ˫ƣʯϣʯ˱ֱӷ飬ɽϳȥ
ʱԭպȻû谵ſ𣬷ɳŰٶȶȻ͡
һս˻ͷ
̧ɽϷȥһ־ĸо
ΪɽϷʯˣһƥƥսߴ׳Уǰĵ·ȫķ֮Ǻ޷϶һʮţࡣ
ǵ˻±۶ٶԽԽ죬֮ƣͬǲϹɽʯ
ƶǣΪҹɱΪӽɺӣ绽꣬⣬ۣѵǸŪģλ񣬸Ǵ޽ɣƲ֣ǹսƾ֪ܶȥˡ
ͷȥʯڽǻȳһ㣬֮ЩΪ͵ĸ߼޲
ҪǶҸ֮ɺһ𣬴ʱѾˣڶ˵γһԷĻ֡
Щʯһϣͻữɷĩ
ʹ˫Ĭһ
һƺͳǵǰץᣬ˲ûҸ֮档
ͬʱһȺʯٴֱӾѹ˻֣˵ֱӻ顣
ڶʧһ̣ԶһüͷȻ֪Ʋô׵֮£ĵǣһɫ壬һɫꪣǿʯˣȫͨ͸֮飬ʧޡ
ԽԽƥսĳ棬ȴû˿İգҲɫ԰ףûκεĶԲߡ
ǧһ֮ʣȴһҰֵܶ˻ʹΣ
һǻʲôԳ˽ȵ˵ͷ
ǶΪģһȦϵ£γһ֡
ͳ໥Ŀһۣ˫ƽӡ̶ͬʱ˵֮ϣӿֻ˿ͬʱȣ𣡡


499 橳
أ
ԳͳΪģֱʮ׵ɽȻεضͬǳһٵ죬ֱ׵ĸ߶ȡ
ΪΪ𣬽ϱΪʯƬռУԪضȴΨصʯɽʹá
ԣҲͳɾ˳ͳˡ
ƽŪôһʯʹ񣬿Ǵʱɺֱɫ԰ס
Ϊǵòֻȫƾ֧š
䡭
ߺײ޴Բʯϣ׷ױ飬ʯҲ˶ѣûгײ˵ϡ
ⲢȫΪЩʯˣֽŲãǺһ׷ʯԾգ֮䣬ȻͽʯΪ˸ˮйͨ
˼ˣٴλֻվԲĶˣ·񹥻
ڽ͢ļ˴һͲʲôأģ
ô죿һѾʮˣ
ǰҿ취ȥǶģ

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ΪɱЩʯʯǾͰȫˣҪǸɱЩʯԶʧվʯˣɽȥ
ֱӽɱ˲ˣʹɱˣֻҪܽסǴЩʯžУٴһ
ĻҲܵˣ׷׺Ŀ橣ɫһЩȣⲻɽ¶ˮ橣ѵĳλķ
м˸ǰҸղû橡
˶Ŀ橲ſ˵ҿٻǣܳʱȴ̣̫ܶԶʹȥˣʣҲֻ࣬ҪҰҽӽǸӦþͿܴܲǼʯţͿҵˣ
һ׷׵ͷҲһ취ˣܱûеĺá
һڿ橴˾ȥΣؿ˵
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ޱȵʯǰ׷˫ƣУþȫͽʯŸˡ
ǹ⵶ʯţͳҲѾֿ뵶ţǸŸ־ʯţڽ͢ǹʿʯţ黭ôλ룬ͼȴʽ
ʱƺҲѾ¶Σޱȵɽȥ
橿֮Ҳ¶Цݣ˵֪ûô
橽㣬֪ҾͲˣ
ߣܶҲһ룬ҿֲסˣ˵ͬʱҲǹ˵ͼŷ˹ȥ
һŵģѡ黭ţΪӦú黭йأ黭ŹȻҪ
橺һͬŮŵʱȴһ£橣ΪνǸţ
Ϊƺӽ뿴һ֮ҲûС
رչȥһѾָһû黭֮С
һţǰĻ˱仯˾Ȼڸ߿գĿռһ޶ǵ·ȴһƬĹ͢


500 ȸ
޴Ĺ͢ԺдУ鲼滨ݣĿࡣ
ƿԿ϶ҪԪ
ԪƵҲգҪͨתܱԼ
һһ䣬ܵõԶѪ֮Уܱڵ
ռҲзԲʮֻȴĵģ·һˡ
ֻڸ߿յ˺ܿͷĲһ֮ˣȻԲΣڲҲһγһ޴̫ͼ̫۴ĽԸߴ࣬һȡΪһȡΪǹ
ڹܣȻ޽˰̳ÿһ̳ħ׳ǵǸʥֻ̳˱ֻһƽ̨ƽ̨ϹžŹͼ
һ̳빬֮䣬ȻҲз̫Ĺ͢һ޴󷨡
֮͢ϣһ޵֣˵룬ڸ¥֮ϣһЩʯˣһףóǹȻ쳣ػ͢Ļһ㡣
⣿ѵסĵطһ̧һ֣һռ֮׼ǹϷ־ͻ˹ȥ
أ
ԭ޵΢΢һʱͱɫϼ䣬׵ĽƵĹ˳ȥ
Ȼ޷룿ȥܽȥƿһ
橺˵ͷ
˽֮ǰ￴ȥųûйرգ¥ߣȴҲͬһſܻء
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ţӦÿɽˣߣƴ̤ȥ
Ҳ֪ȥ橱߱ʵ
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죬Ķ·ӳʲô󷨣Ҷòüͷ
⹬һ壬ӦλԼʹ񣡡ƽ͵
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ͨ鱦Ҳǲ֮ǰĻ鱦ʲô統ƺû˭˵
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ƺʲôһ磬֮Ҳ֪ô£ǴȻ֮ƿĻȻ֮ΪҪľˣҲ֮ѡ
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ǵڶԲȴһ棬½ʱڣɸеɵɹͼ
Ͷ̥ˣĪĳɽĴֱۣͣʴۡ
ףôĳǾۣ۵ͷΪ𾪡
ſʯ
ƺһŮ˳ˣ˵ӦģǴ۵ıȴʲôϲãƺȵһ㡣
һʯֱ֮Ŀ࣬Ȼմ칬
ļٵİ쳤̾һǱˣеľ޺
ƴ㿴һԲʱ򣬺Ȼһˡ
ȸһϲ
ȸ·Ԥϵƻһ㣬첻ִǹһ㲻ȻҲѾﵽ񾳽磡
һȸüͷΪԼȻо˿ȸΪԿȸԱÿ¡
ȸƺ橵η壬Ц£ȻСƵŮˣǽһС
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ϲǱȴװźεȸ˵ʲôأ˼ǹ͢˾
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ȸȸ㣬Ǹ˵갡ȻǹĴ˾ȴҲҵѣҵĺý㣡
ǽ㣿ȸգһšסƵĶ䣺㵽׻Ҫٸ㣿ǲǰʦҲˣ
ۣ۰ȸú˰ɣãǸʦˣʦȥˣôûҵ㣿ſڿ˿
ȸ֣˵£Ȼȥˣ˵ʱٹ


501 ʥǵ
ŶѾˣһԼͳ˷˲л꣬ӦˣԲȥ
ȸǴϵͼص飬ܿ
һЩԿһЩӴ칬ҲİɣƶʯϵĲɫڻ
ô㲻ţɶϸ۵ǰ飡
ȣȵȣϸ۵ǰô˵۾תˣƿȸ
ô֣ϣĸתתʲô𣿡ȸһ˵۵һת֮ˡ
Ŷ˵ӵĻǼٵģҾӦֻǸ£˵
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Ƹ̾һ
кܴ֮ԶɣֻļǸߣǲΪҪĻԪ֮Уʶ̫;ͱ뿪Ͷ̥֮󣬱̥ԣҲ˶ɥʧͷɡ
־֪תһΪѡһҵӣֻȴͿıһЩΪˣƭǸɽ磬ȥʲôۡ
ǸɽͨĸˣǣʱֻһͨɡȢӣȴǾɼƿɽǻʺĻ˵İᣬкóԵĶҲԲ۸Ǹʱŷ֣ԭֻǰ裬ϺɱȴһףЩ˸ԭΣ±
㿴һڻһӶܰ£һû׷ͷû˵ͷɶ̫׽ǣ£ΪǴ޽ɼ㣬˻ʲô鲻֪ģֻ֪ȴ˼һµ֥С٣˵ǺܴӦ𣿻̫Ͼֻ֪ͷʥˣ֪ʲôʥ𣿡
ȸ˵ơ
һһ㶵ģʲôʱμˣ
Ʒ㶣ȸ˵ʥ˱׸˰ɣ൱ţӦû֪ʲôԺˡ
̫Ͼԭһʥ˼ϼһȻװŴ򲻹һֻӣǺȻҲɱϾʥˡң컹˵ϼһﻹúӴ˴ѵɵҩΪ
̫Ͼºװװ޹˵͵ɵЩɵƽʱ춼ø
ŰӵĴ󽫾֪˭Ԫ˧Ů֪˭칬һŮ϶
ϲ϶𣬿˵ãǻʺȴԴˣⰵԪ˧ȥϷ϶Ҫñӣҿ췢ֵ磬ҪȻԪ˧ľ͵ˣŭ֮£ֱɱʺͬ⣬ֻǽ˴뷲䣬
ôܳɷ𣬵λͶ٣˵ܲѪ
һԪ˧͸ҺʹŮˣ֮ܳɷ˵ʵ۵Ķ
ͷУסӣΪǺˡ
˵ʵɣǸǽŵĻӺһӵеıȻʥߣȴҲǳԭֵܶһǿģȴͷǽˣ󱻷Ϊսʤ

Ҽǵ컹˵ʴ֮ˣɽһӣȥһӣɽ˶۸ʺ󿴲̫׽ƭ̫Ͼǽǣʥ˲Ԫ˧ñӣ˶ͳۣ˼ҶŷˣΪܳɷ˭ɽĴ۰˶ڿ

ȸ·˵Լ£̾һ
Ƶɴ˫ۣо֪Ǽ٣ȴʵ벻ԭͬһ£ǧ⡣
ֻ֮ǰվӵϣڣȴվ۵
һжģҵĴԽʲô˼ɽ紩Խ磿ưһȴ˵ʵӦôһ룬ܳɷ֤˷ΰŷƽȡնǷ⡣
ףʲôʱֹˣȸǲĿƣ˫һգգ
ôҶԷ˽⣬ǱĶ࣬ң磬ж󣿷ʲôطƷʵ
һǣǣӦûֻԴ֮һ⻹һΪصĵطǾʥǣ
ʥǣƺŮ
ô֪ûȥûм֪ģ˵ʥǻһ֣Ǿǵ򣡡
򣿡ξһĿɿڴ
ôҲ˵򣿡ȸȻƵתȴҲ֪Ʋûļ䡣
˵ùңü


502 ǰ
ðɣǸʥǣҲǵʥ֮磬磬Ƿ磬ɽ磬ΪߵҲ˵ʥˣ޲ڵӡ塢׼ᡢŵ˹ŵ˹˹ǡҮ̡ȵȣЩԽ׵Ĵڣ޲Ǹʥͬһľסйʥʥıκˣƻȥȥˣ
ԭΰ󣿳ԽףζʲôȻĿʯϵĻ档
λ㣬ѵϣô೬Խ׵Ĵ𣿡橷ʵ
ȸ˵ͷ
ʲô磿ٴ׷ʡ
ַ򣬲ҿԽںϣҽȸ޸ף򣬿ڼ֮ǰնһӵһֱ֮֮򾳽磬ַںΪһ壬ôͿԳΪ
ʲôࣿʵ
ӦþǶһ̶ַȣ׺Ϊģֻ״һַ򣬰ˣҲԲˣλҪ߳񣬵Զٸķ򣬸ܳΪȴлᣡ
ˣȲҪЩˣԺΪӰ죬Сƣ԰˵Щ£ǰЩ鵱˵ģǰҲţǣԴٴѾΪĶ֮Ҳ֪ԭһУƺֻǹ£ֻǣ㶼֪˵ô֪࣬ģ
ȸָһڻǸ֪ʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷ
ǻ֮ɣǴǻ羧ˣҲ۵İ֮ʱͶ̥Ϊ֮ʱ羧˾һֱڸ
Ŷô˵֮ˣǻ鱦ˣ̹ŸĴڣƾȵ
鱦̹Ÿʲô橲
Ϊֻ֪񱾾Ǳʹ֮Լ־Զɵġ
Ϊ׼ҲȻȻγıȼλλλ
Ǵû˵鱦
ɼеĵ൱λ񣬵֮ϻ鱦鱦ÿһֶӦλ֮ϵһּ񣡡ȸ͵
Ϳɱλˣɱλ񡢺鱦鱦ɱ׵Ĺǻ鱦Ǳ׵񶼸ˣеԵ÷ǳ𾪡
Ļ鱦ȻҪ׵ĹĶöֻ࣬촸ʱǻ鱦֮ǿȿ츫ȴûʥ˵Ϊ޷ƿļַȫںϴ羧ʯ֮Уʱֻ൱鱦Ȼ촸вдĻҲ˵һ޶ĴڣҪ鱦һЩ
˵֪ɽЩ֮԰ƭɽ磬ԭΪ˵õ֮ˣڵ޳ʥˣΪʥ֮ʥ˸ƭ˵֮˴ǣ֪ʥȴֻ̲֮ˡ
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ɵˣǱɱģʴۣ½ʱ˼⣬ֿܾȻˣ۲ֻ
ֻϧȻһպĸֹ򣬵ǶʶΪͶ̥ת֮󣬳Ϊ֮޷ʹˣޣȫΪ˳ԽеЩʥˡʹԽˣҲҪʮֽӽȻط칬úõĽѵѵЩ۸ˣ
ǰеҲֻǴﵽ׵Ϊͨһַһ
ȸƣĬˡ
ŮܲĶơ
㿴ҸʲôҲңֲתƣƼ
ǲǣԺȻ֪ҾͲ㲻ҪǸ϶ˣ
֪촸ĲƷʵ
Ҳֻ֪Լ촸Ĵɣֻƴ˵е̹Ÿ֮ƴˣֻϧ̹ŸѾڿٵصʱ飬Ϊеˡ
ˣ֪ʵ𣿡ٴηʡ
ȸҡҡͷҾͲˣ˵ϣĴɽ硢硢硢ãɽͷϵģҲϵģ˫֮໥ĶԿڵ磬Ͻģ
ԭˣͼ
ʥ֮磿򣿡кȻһЦԺҲֳǸɫаʱٻȥһֻۣҪŬУһὫҵģ


503 
ûи˵ۺͷˣôģȸʵ
ȸҡҡͷ
ˣǼأƲźȻ뵽̫ӵʦ
еˣûɱǣѾˣȻңȸŭ
ŶƵ˵ͷʮ˸ʯÿһоɹбͶ̥ת龰˳֮ҲˣΪĲ۵ļ
ֻоֵǣԼԺкȻֶһЩ飬Щ飬·ǰĺһǰı棬еһһУܹ֮УȻˡ
ͷ·С˵ſţԼ˹ԼҪȥȡ˹ȥȡеۣԼ˼ά£̶ֶս
๫һﲻĿűڻɻһ
Ŵ˸飬״̬»ָȴûж룬ֻǰԼеˣٴοȸͽˣ֪֪Ҫշ۹
Ȼ֪ǰأǸȸ˵ţ뿪˴
˸˵۹ĺ԰
԰룬һԲʯֱԼʮסһһףһյϡ
ĻѪ⣬γɾѪȻԲʯϣȸ˵
ңôΣһЩ£ԼԽԽۣӶʧȥԼ
ҪҵѪõĻֵ𣿸㣬۹Ҫǲãһ֪ˣ϶ɸĸģɲֻһô򵥣
һ룬ô£˵ģеʮħͷͷǳ˵ˡ
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Ѫۿɼٶȣľû˽ȥŮĿƵϡ
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ȴҡҡͷûʲôоͺһ飬鵽ʲôҶ޷ƺʯͷϵȴֺûС
ȸһͺã˵Ѿõ۹ϿˣдССʮദռ飬Щ飬ҲһһǸʱȫĵõһʳǵϿɡֻΪ̫񶼲ǣɹǶ鱦ֻһ޽ɼȫԼʹȫΪҲӲ
ŶӦû֪޽ʲôɣˡɡ޽ɡɣӦλλλףֻǱȨһЩжһһЩҲԼƿȷ˰ɣ
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ҲôãﵽλҲɾ磬ܵɹһˣɹеƲ༶𣡡
Ƶ˵ͷЩᱦô죿ڲܵɹҪıˣ
㱿㣬Ȼܵ๫ڸооɹ㻹ɹ֮ݣټ˲ƣҪɱЩǺףȰ㻹ǲҪɱĺãϾ̫࣬ɱˣ϶𹫷ߣ
ҵȻֻ֪ɱһУʣµ˶ǸܣȻٽǿռѷסñҵƿһҲڿռ֮չˣٵ̽ܡ
ȻûйãƾɹԶ⼸ֱá鷿⣡
Ĵ֮ⷿУ̫ණˣЩΪöǴ֣໥᲻ͣ
Ƚǰ˸ϳȥôƿ˿ȸ
飬޹أȸҡҡͷᡣ
Ҿȹʱ䣬ǰʱҲ뿪ҶɹһЩӦ֮ɹ֮еӦþͲйˣգⰵռ֮ڶһᣡ
˵֮󣬾ȻڿնǸԲʯ֮ϣȻʼϵ̽УʼϼĿھӡɹ
Ůˣûдţɹ֮й
ͬʱ
ž޴ı仯
̫ɳǸɫŰˣڰ֮̽ڶеҷնж
һȥϰ򣬼۶ˣȻûи߼ľ񣬿ȴҲλ߼
ҹ٣綼ǺѹѹƲ㸲ǵϿգ˸оƺһЩơ
ʱźѾһƴСˣȫڣǵϿգ֮ǰԪӤһ㣬ֻ̺ȴͬ
С˵ԣаλ󹫸֮еļλǿߣֱӾͷΪǿҵĹ
ǣ벻ǣǿ֮УȻҲнλ򣬶Щ򣬴󲿷ֶ
С˷ͬʱҲͬʱ˷һѰѵӭգСһĹɹֵѸٵвһ͵󷨡
ߴʮλ򣬷һֱš
ңƵķǹʱҲ
ְֳ¯ͨʹǸ߼򣬲ǹҲη塣
գǹƵģĿ͸֣Сڷλ


504 ֮ս
Сһƣɫжʱһŵı飬Ϊ̤ͨǵĴ󣬿Ŀõģʱ
ӦǷСȷƵݣеηҲ˼֣ΪƵıĻʮλһ˵Ķ֡
ٺٺ١ƵķɣֻҪǽɱ㣬ƵΪһˣС˷Ӥļȴ˸о﷢ţеС˵
ǹûжκεη壬Ϊ˲ƿõĴΪѵǣҪβܽЩ˶
¯Сɻʹð¯еЩΪϵ͵򣿡аһ
ɻӷ·ӦƵھ֮е˷ܵˣȥǡǣ
ǺǺǣ㻹治ǰֵҪٳ㣬ǻˣЦȴûж
ƴ󣡡С˷
λͬʱһ͸Ľ֮ϡ
ء
ֲϲը֮ңе˶սľһЩͯŵÿҹҲ˰磬Ļ̡̻
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С˼һĻü֮¶аЦ̧һľᣬһƣ֪ĴıѾ
˵֮Ȼͽ˳ȥӭչչ֮ϣ̶ΧһȦһȦĻƣٶ֮죬ѾۿӷΧ
Ƭ֮õϷͱһɫİƥ޷Ŀӡ
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벻ƾȻ˴ƣ⻹ֻƵķ
еƵĿĶŶԷ߼һֱûг֣ĿҲԼ
Ȼƶˣ֮һ磬Ҳ֮׳ֱ߼ȴֱСˡ
С˼ˣκȻֳһɫսףЦһһѣҲУϣ
˵֮ͬʱȥ
ԵĶ׼͹˹ȥ
С̽˫֣ɫߣۣӭƣͼ

ײ
ǣСһеıȫѡ

죬߼ȱײɣţƾշһɫĹâͽ߼סˡ
ͬʱƵҲѾ˲ǹ壬ͷųɫĹϼҲ飬գ֮䣬С˵ǰ
С˾һã
һƻǹ֪֮ˣ⾳֮£ٶ֮죬żҲֻӲһؽܽĻɱ
ȴţƲʲôΪηﵽ˰˼磿
оĵ׷ǣͷŲɫâĳǹ˵һеǹǱ˵ǹġ
ǹһ˵ĻС˷ǳԼϵսҲԲֿܵ


505 
˽룬ѾܶˣֻӲƴη֮£С˾̽˫ۣʣµֱ벻ǹٴζײ
ء
ǹ񣬲ֻǻʣµײС֮ϡ
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ţǹ֮ϣͷųһ
С˫ڳǹʹ෭ڣͼǹγ
ǳǹƣƾǳǹǹһ䣬ͽС˵ε
Сһ̣ͱһСˡ
ͬʱã۹Ĺʳ֮ڣ鷿еȺϢ̫ӲķȻվɫ˲԰ףбһ
С൱ħ׹ʹĹСܵ˹һļ尾Ҳͬܡ
̫ڿն𣬱һоٸ汾²ң
˶סˣ۶еڿնЩµľҲ̫ӵߡ
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ǹסСֱ֮Ӿͽ¯֮С
¯С鿩һЦʲôĺɻȻض˲󣬾ͽС˸ںɻڶ

С˲ҽСһ㡣
ɻƬ֮䣬С˵ʧˣɻ򿪣ֻһЩ
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ĲǹȴĿЩ˸紮Ǻ«һ㣬һͱ˸ͨ͸ȫ˰¯֮С
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ǺǺǣãһƣӦıɣû뵽ȻԼķȥǣ۵ı㶼޶ԣǲͿҪԸ㣿̫ӲķЦ
ͬЦû̫ӽʲôзУǹΪǹһ½մ켶ʱھѾ˲ǹƾǹͱ𲻲£ҲȥΪǹ壬Ǿƶɣ
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Һܺ棬ԩ޳𣬸ĶȡǲԼҵĽɽΪһֱңѵΪմЩ߼򣬾ܶԸ𣿡˫Ҳͷɱ
˵ĻΪ̫ӣҾԲҵĹҳκβأΪˣҵķĳޣԣ
̫˵գͷһ۴󣬴ʥɵľѾ
˵Ļд򣬴ǵĴǹ͢ͺڰ͢ˡ
ƲǣЩ֮УȻһЩΰСȫڣȴֳųСˡ
ھ飿ƺȻ뵽һ塣
һһֱأһ㶼оĳ࣬ѩ׵ƤͷһЩŵľ飬ȴɥʧЩޱȣͬ׹ʹһ̫ǵͻӭ
û뵽̫ӵ»ˡ
˵䣬˸ھѾɵ̫ӵԣĿĶơ
֮⣬ʮλһ붼и߼


506 ۹
һĻƾֻ֪ܵķˣ޷ʹóǬ֣޷˲ߣͨͰ¯ȴͨҸ֮ҵĴ
ͷһˣͨȻֶȥͽȫ֣Լ֮ͨС
ͨС֮󣬻˳ص룬˵һɳһ磬Ҳˡ
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ռϵǼϡٵġ
ˣ׷̫ӴһȷɵͨɵĳϷҲڽ
ͨޱȣ̫ӵľܿסͨ޷ֹͨ׹
̫ӣһ߼Ȼ׹գ˫ְס棬Ӵϵ˳ȥصɽʯһӲ
ֹͨͣ׹
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λ߼򼸺þȫͨӵصָ֮ͨɵ΢Ÿ˵ߡ
Сֻи߼۲ܿĵز֪֣ʹƵĺͨһСǹȥʲôã
ڸ߼ֻʹ񼶱죬ͨա
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˱ֿʼͨ󷵻زã۶
ͨڲˣȴһ㡣
˺ͱƵĲǹվһ޴Ĵϣֻ˵ҪرˣֻҪžУûλ۷Ϊͨ
ȥأ˵ͷ
İɣȥ۶кηһŪãңһ̤֮봫뿪ͨ

ڼ۹ƣȻһ֪ǹˣǹҸ֮е֪顣
Ҳոռʱˡ
ȥ۶ǾæһɣҵҪǸãǷҵưһûжڼš
۹ԭڿռѷ֮еģҲǰռ֮ڡ
ֻѾʧһ꣬ʳ֮еĸռʧȥϵԼϵЩʹ顣
ЩĻ˿ռ֣ͼռ磬ҲɹĴ˿ռͨ
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ʯͷڲͲһ飬ҲƬŦԴ
ɹļ飬Ȼ޷һЩ飬ȴ൱ڵõʳǵһЩҲ̫ϱΪˡ
һȥ飬ٶȿ϶ǳḶ́ʹþ;Ѫ൱¸飬Ѫ
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գƾͳɹĽ΢΢һһλѩ׹۵òŮӣʹԲʯ˳վƵǰĹˣ
´һŮӣ죬ң˾޵Ůˣļǻƽָˣֻܰ˭˵첻ģҪȻŮΪβŪͷ
飬Ҳȫ˵ʹĹܼңɹУСС飬ҲĵλҪҲߣ۵ӰҲ֮ĸӦҲ
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ŮӵԸȴڳأ񶼺ϳɵӡ
룬ǲıԸ񣬱ϾԺԼĺ󹬻кܶ˾סԸ񷴶ף϶Ūûʹɹ
ֲҪˣͨѣԺŮǣԳƼѼѾˣ
л˴
ڴȥռҪһһշȫվ˵
ǣˣѼһصİ죬ڿն𣬴ֱӷɳʹڷȥ
á鷿⣬ĴⷿһĿռ䣬ÿһ涼һ顣
ɹͬɡ
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Ѽѵ˵ͷ
գ֮Ͷ˴˴
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֮̽£ƾͷſڲԶһͨиˣ
񣬺һţֻϼнַֹ˲֪ãǽֹɶ
ôɣıӦˣƺͼѼѿ첽룬ܿ죬֮


507 Űû
һȻֶˣһͷӳһƣüͷͽһ˫۾Уͷųһɼǿɱ
ɨһ۳ֳ˳Ե񣬿װǱˮǵģˮǵĶһۣǰһˮ֣һӣһ
ֻǣƺҲȤĿͬ¶˵⡣
һƲ죺ôֻǽҽ
ȻԣȥɣϵĽֹѾ˹˺ü죬ǲϣ룡ˮǵһ˵
ǺǺǣҼ˰ɣˮǵλѣҺλһЩûֻҪǰҽɱˣ淿Ķұ֤һҪǣΣ
һԣһ͵غǽ˶ˮǵһһŮ
ޱ飬ȴһЦλСֵܣ˵Ц˰ɣ滹ô෿أܺϵĽǿƿֻǸ߼ΰƳĽأ
ô˵ҪͳͬͬˣҪɱǴƵ˫
һ߼Ҫɱ񣿡˺ȻЦҡڲͣҲмζ
ܲɱˣһ֪ˣǹЦ
κεĶǿǽڵĳͺȻ˳ȥˤڿͨС
أ
һ촫
Ƶʧһ̣ͳ˳ǰ̧һ֣ʵϼ˸ǹ˲ͱ
һղôģûз֣һǴӺǽڹʱһǹͱ㣬ȴܵ˿ռѹƣɶܷУΨеԼĻսס

һ죬ǹ˳ţ𻨡
أ
ǽɫս׺ȻըѣǹֱУ˳ڣ𷢳ӳڷ

һҽУüľһͽ˳׼ͻȥ
ҲֻڵֻԼ񣬹ҪǿһЩ
ҲӲӣ˲ʧ
һɫС򣬴ƵĲӰ̶ͨǽϣһ졣
ҲҪѹڵȴִһΣյϢ
ˣ
ǹٴλ˳Ļףֱڡ

ٴηҽæٻ񣬿Ҳ׼͹˹ȥ
һ̣ƾͳǰǹһͳ
һϵе飬գ֮ɡԼûзӦһҽУٴε˳ȥ
ƽٴθǹٴͱ롣
ˣƾͱ˳һǹѾһˣҽ
ƵһȻֵĻᶼûУ緲飬óΪѻ𣬵ȴһַĵ׵Ŀ־塣
һĻһԹսĶˮǵĶ˾һɵۡ
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໥Ŀһۣվûе£ûаնԸƣطʹˣҲ֪غȴȲ
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ƻع˶һۣѼѣߣ
ѼŲó˵·
˾ǵ˼ѼһۣȴҲûʲôΪǸӦѼѵľΪԼѼѣһֲ
ɹķΧȻѼѾ뿪ʳǣǣȴɹеȼߵ飬뿪ʳǣ൱ԼĿռ֮ڣҲȨ
һ࣬ڰţ˫ȫڽڵľѹסˡ
Ҳѹƣ޷Ϩ
ĿƵ֮󣬷ٴα˲ӰѿڶңͶ
ֻûĺ󱳱ֱһǹӿ룬֮ǰոձѹƵĻ棬ַ
ƣͶ˵ʲôҶӦҿóǵܺ㽻ڲҽ³һ仰
㣬ûҽʸŰûһ뵽ԼԵ޹ʵĲһڳŭֱš
һǹһǹƾͼȥ
޷ܣѹڵĻ棬ջ񣬽ȫƼ֮УĿ֮úúãǴңԼҲͬھҲɣ
ԱƷֳٵήȥ̶ɻճɻ
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ٶ֮죬ͬ˲ƣǴ˶
ƲҴ⣬һ֣ͽҸ֮Ҹ˳ȥ˲ͽǽɫԲ
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ɢǴѡ


508 
ֻоҸ֮һζɵҲǾһֻоͷĿѣһԹȥ
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ըֹ֮ͣУɲŴŰǧף޶һζ
ը˴֦⣬̨ͨҲըʮ
һĻҲһȻ治ôɱģܵ˿ռ棬ҪԲǧ˵ԶԼ˲ƶһߡ
ˣʱʵ㲻õңҲ˲ƣѼѿһ
ô¸ˣƵĲС
ǵĿ󵽰֮ߣڿеҸ֮֮Ŀȴ¶˺֮ɫ
Ȼը֦⣬Щ֦ȴȫҸ֮˽ȥȻҸ֮е±ա
ֻˣǲƬռ֮еҲҸ֮Ҹˣȫգʹ˲١
֣ѵɻͬʱҲ֮ȡϵĸӦ
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޷֮ȻҪȻոڵȻΪġưһ
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ŶΪ׽ˣƲĿռԼĿռֱ֮չһз˻һ˲ƣ͸ǽڣ˷֮ڡ
䣬ֻǾٸеͨһ䡣ѷһЩ۴ռ˾
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˵꣬͵һѪСͭϡ
ȿȣ˭˵СһѾ˺öˣСͭȻһߵźȻƵзɳһ۵ĸߡ
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һӪĵطգܷռطԲĶģһ޴ĳأ֮ϣȫóǹĽʿ̨ϵĽ׻Ȼһģһ
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ǹգһХǿһɣξȻҲʧˣƳֵһ̣ҲͻȻֳٴƣֻٴ˲ơ
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509 ķ
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һײ㽫еĳǹǹͷˣǹ˸ϸǽĹ
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ǵľҲ޷̽ԶԣҲͲҪ֡
һƵȻ֫⣬̶˶ʮޣЩ޸սףǹɵƾ
󣡡ƿһ
ʮͬʱŭ֮βӦٷγһǿĿռ󷨣ֱӾͽ㳡
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ٴα飬ǳ
׼һĻȻסˣαһɼǿգǳû롣
һɫϼֻ֣˲ǹ·һһ㣬ֱͷ

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ѵǱ飿һ

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СľżȴûֹͣſƵͷӶСȭͷĴš
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ſңſңŮˣСҳȥ֮󣬰ɱˣСľż
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ܿ죬ѼҲˣڸ߿գԿԸоѼѵϢ÷ǳ
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ԭȻﵽļô˵ǾͳˣµЩ񣬸ܹˣ
ӦˣѼϿɵĵ˵ͷ
ȻˣǾʱҪǣӦûӲɹɣ
ǵˣûҵκ飬޷뿪ɹѼѻص
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510 еŮ
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֪УƷԼıۣŮ̸Ц峩ġ
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ȴȻ
Ҳûע⣬ĵŮӣȴʱʱ¶Ц⣬ܷܷɵӼ䣬ܻһƳ
صɵ㶵İ죬վ޷ĬˣֻǸҪڣȴǰ˺ȻʧܵľҲ֮仯ϸһ򣬾Ȼ鷿鷿ķҲѾرա
⣿⣿üͷ壬ǳ𾪡
Ǹһ棬ѵҪıȫռΪУһŭ
ûǸԵһЩеģǲѡǣΪǵǵˣҪҸոսʱҲǰ̰ĵȸһھͻòŮӶ˰ɣһʧҡͷ̾Ϣһ
ô죿һѵͿֶ飿
ȥطܼһЩĶʵڵòҲ޷ǿҲΪ̰ҡǵıģ
˷׷뿪鷿Ƭռȥ


511 ڵ
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ǻǣ߸ղţʱ޿̵Ĳڵʲôʱ̵
ڣ·һжˣУֻһǰеŮӡ
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ʱԺһ壬ڿռһǹ㣬һ޴̡
һ˶ĵģݺֻʮŵһʮһӵСС̾ǰĸӣһأң˶أˡʮһģ
һΣھǰ̣ǽԼڿռһǹ㣬ɫ졢ơ̡
ʮ޷ΪĴʥ飬Ĵʥһͬһ޴̡
ֻڵǹ㶼ȫʧݺ
ȻĴʥеķĺ췽һ㣬ʮֽĽڵϡ
Ű׻ĻƷҲһ㡣
Ͳ̷Ҳһ㡣
Щ㣬ͬһſǳһ㣬
ÿʥһӣž͵ڶӡӡ
ʱƣͬĸͬˣЩ֮䣬ͨ壬ҲھݺʮŵݺʮŵȫĻһǧ˰һţӽһˡ
һĵʱɾͳˣֻǣȴû飬ȫĵͶС
ʱš
е˼ˣõȴֻôȼˣһֻһЩͨһû̵ʱӽˣȥʱȴֻжʮˡ
ת۾ǰʮꡣ
һ壬ˡ
ĴʥȻսһƽ֣˭ҲûӮ˭
˫ƾͷǸŮԼǰţ˫Լ°ͣԼ
ˣôŮӾϲ
ҲôҪ濴У֪ȥ˶ãưͬʱȴҲֱԺ
һҾ˰ʮһ֮꣬ǰµһķ˶ã
һ꣬ڶ꣬꣡һʮ꣡Ůӻص
ʮ𣿺ÿ찡ֱŮ˵Ҫ뿪ˣ
ǻټģΪѾ㵱ҵˣ˵䣬ָһƵţһ޵ƵԺ
֮䣬һϵĸӦ΢΢һЦһһֱļѼѣһͬ뿪鷿


512 ˴Դ
뿪鷿õɹڲѾĸʹá⡢鷿
ʣµǱеСľżʱᡣ
ػʹʶ̽ܣȴֿȸŮѾٴ˵ˡ
ȥǶ뿪𣿡ƿ˼Ѽѡ
Ѽѵ˵ͷǻĵʱǾ뿪˻ʹͨռѷ췵½ء
Ƶ˵ͷȻˣھȥħ
һһ飬ֱ˲ƣŲƵħĶ㡣
ѾʮְħеĿռ䣬ҲѾ޷ˡ
ǸɰʮλܣֻƵʱ˫һ˿⡣
ħ齻Ұɣǰʮ״
ȻܵõܼҵӦþɹһˣֻħ飬ȴܸ㣬ǣܷɣһΣֱ졣
뿪Ƴ˳ЩƵվҡҡͷ
㲻ͬ⣿ԶõħһҵЦ
˵ڻܷ뿪Ϊ޷ȷǵѣ˵Ƿʵƻص
Ȼˣ͵ŵʱɣһգơ
벻ǣһ֣һɫԲ򣬿˵ҿ㽻𣿡
˫һоɫС̺֮ǿͷһ˵㣿
׺еˮɵģȻλ񣬿Ǳħ֮ڣֻҪҽˮͶ㣬ʹɱ㣬Ҳܽըˣը飬Һ͹ܼҶ˺ʵȫǿд飡
һ֣֮гֳеʮܻܶԸʮ򾫱𣿡
ȻѾǶշˣǾȡ
Ʋ
վſ³һŵ״ĲɫССơ
һѽץס̺˼ǿ֮
ֲ޷飬ħ֮ƺҲѾȾһЩħһξѪԲ֮ϡ
Բֱɣ״Ҳ֮˱仯һɫľŲСҲСѶϢˣ
΢΢ͷһģȻҲ֪ΪʲôҪ㣬Ū֮ȻһĴ𸴣
˵Щһ̧֣Ҹ֮ҵ˳һ̶ɿĴЩڡ
ʮ񣬱ԺУڵȫеˡ
ҲڿٵţҸ֮еĿռҲ
ƲǣЩ񶼱øɱ֮֮ϣȻһƵСǶ䡣
ٺ٣б仯֪⻨ʱţ׻ʲôĹأưһ
ƲûнЩɱˣվһЩдȫˣ̶Ҹ֮ҡ
ûѡ
ʣµҲȡҲ˶þȣֻԺԡ
ֱƽ˵㣬Żָǣ𾪵Ķǰңû
㵱Ȼûƻص
͵ܣȻûߣɹ֮УӲԶһˣǲ
ʮ꣬·ò֪ƣսߣӵһ㣬һֱﵽ˵㣬ңȫҲѾʤһħˡ
ΪҲﵽλľ硣
´һΪչٰ
ͬҲ´ƣȴüͷ˵͵ΪθҵĸоأƺǸ߼ȴѹڵʲô磿
ңҲҡҡͷڰ˵׽ٶûжɹûܵصϿɣȻ߼۷ľ硣
ΪȴѾȫˣڿռ֮Ҳ˲֪ٱ
ԣƻҪ׽٣Ȼ׼ȷĹԼľ硣
˵ͲҪĽвǵΪһ˺ܶ࣬ȴоԼ˯һ׹ȥˣǿյӡ
ӽˣʮ꣡ƻص
ôã
ôã
Ͳһ
һ˯ˣһΪսʱʧ
ش磬һʱ䣬ҩͻƿãԴ磬³ȥһ£һ֮Ǿ뿪ɹ
˵ţ͵ݸ˲ƿҲ֮ʧ
ˣȴһЩɵۣ޷͸ˡ
ƽħ˵ײ㣬ⱻΪ֮󣬷ضҲ١
Ǹȡˮ׺Ͽգַ׺֮ڡ
׺֮еˮҲܿˡ
ֻһΣ˼ѼʹĹܼңɹΪҪİ׳֮Ҳˡ
߸飺֮顢ľ֮顢ˮ֮顢֮顢֮顢֮顢֮飬ټ֮飬һ˸飬൱ɹ֮Դ
һ⣬ȫǵƾͷԼɹƿҲԽԽǿ


513 ھŽ
ɹԭԻƿռйҲΪȺֹͣй֮еɳûˣռѷҲϡ
ȴûмʱڻʹ֮вһ͵ǼʴҸ֮Һͨ¯еĴ
ûͨ뿪Ϊ뽫Ͳߡ
ɹѾ൱ڰռ֮ˣˣѷ֣ЩΪ밵ռ֮ڣռҪռӴŰչȫľҪѰҵɹֱڴһ㡣
ȴܸӦɹڵķλӶռҵ
˴֮Ƹǿֱͨɹ֮Уƿռˡ
ֻȻõûдﵽͨĸоָоֻмѼѺǻе϶ҲǼѼѿеĻ顣
ҲûܽɹҲ޷ɹڡ˵ɹһСռɵľ޴ûһĸ
ħѾʮ֮󣬲Ѿ˵ռ䣬ħսš
һԾš
˷Ƶ֮Ҳۼ˹
Ҫ뿪ˣһЩᡣ
Ƶ˵ͷּ䣬ʹŶ뿪ħĿռ䡣
ѼҲѾػʹ˰ԭ·ɹû˰ռ֮С
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Ϣ˦˦ͷĽ𷢣̾һڻˣ
̧ͷգһˬСȼǲġ
Ҳ̧ͷ죬Ѿо׽ٵ٣˵ȥԶһҰɣ
ɻ󣬿ȴʵ֮УȻʼû谵֮оȻơ
ֻɣ뵽˵۶һĻ
߰ɣûжʣһץסļ򣬴˸͵ǧ֮⡣
ԽԽ񣬿ѹʮ㣬ȴûио˿ѹһУǰС
ڰ˵׽ƾ£˿δ۾ƽ͵ĳнһס
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ԶԶĿȥͷֺѹѹţɳ©һ㣬ȫûƵĿУǲ𾪡ɵۡ
ˣڰ˵׽پɵĶȹ
Ƭ֮󣬵ھŵƼ
һ׽ٸǿ󣬵ƾǿеƾķֱռŷԲǧľ룬Ƭ·ҹ٣ܵǺȻ֮ɪɪ
ԽԽͣ·Ҫһ㣬ͬʱҲ֮ϵһС
Ͳ켱ٺ󳷣ֱֹ֮ͣΡ
ҲĴʥͼԽ߰ͷ­ƺҪһ
³֣Ȼ飬̶˶ʮޣ֮С
εھŵ׽٣ȫڳžżĹ
ҲҪһѵûᣬԼĶʮ˷
ܶȹһ׽٣ƾ൱ӵ˶ʮ˴ڵķˡ
ûдڣȴУڳ֮ǰһ׶ΣҲģûܵɽٻûһλܳΪһϸˣԣڿ˵ľȴˡ
ɽ磬Ǿ޷ܵϴ񣬸޷Ϊˡ
磬֪ܵɽٻԣֻƾԼȹڣﵽ˾硣
ֻдﵽˣĿλ񣬼ʹκεҲܵƾԼͨһս
ˣҲɸġ
ʱ˶ʮޣҲܵ׵ȫλըһξͺ˶ʮ˵ס
ÿһһ
֮ǿ󳬺ƵԤϡ
ǡ
𣬺ըڷϣըƤëƬ
ǣ
һ׽٣ƵĲǹҲͬһ׵ĺ꼸ԣһѣ
ʥ飡һֺը͸о˷ֿС
ÿһ˾Ž׵ĵһѾ֤ǵǿ
ʮϣÿһֻʥ飺䡢ˡ׻
ĴʥѾȵʵ壬֮У׵ĺը
Կ϶ֻҪܳɹĶɹŽףĴʥͻʮ޷ͨϳʱÿһֻܿȴڵĴڡ
Ҳڸǵı仯仯ִ׼ƼǺˮһ㣬кĴʥ֮ϡ
໡
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Ĵʥ飬˲ͬŭ͵׹һ㱻ɢ壬ֱӾͱż
ǹҲܵһ׺ըֱû˵صףȻɼ׻壬ɻ


514 
ǿǿƽһֵףǽƺ޾еĺԽԽ񣬼̶γһ޴Բ
ĥ״ˣ·һС֮ϣֱǳһڳ
ƵķһĻҲһЩȻھŵ׽٣׺ʱͷѲɾһֱըȥֱˣ
ԭ壡ǹӵڿնĴʥ鼱ٷأƵı
Ʒٷ裬ɼףͷͷǾ޴ĺɫ壬ɳĮҲѾΪ׽ٶ˾޴ɳ
ҵҪҺΣƴ³һ仰֮ڿռҲ֮תȫǳУһǿĿռ֮𣬶׼Ǻײ˹ȥ
䣡
һ죬ȻըѣƵĿռ֮Ϊ롣
Ǿֿһ˲䣬Ȼһֱа
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ƴһռ֮һֻ֣ٴӭջȥ
䡭
ըѣһ˲ֳڵɫ·һŴһ㣬ͽƵĿռ֮ˣ̶ը
ÿһαըͬƵ࣬Ƶĺؼ֡
ͷ֮ƵĿڱҲѪ׹䵽˵档
׽٣ƿҲֻһ˴ΧܼĺըʹҲܲˣǳǱ˴룬ֻС뻹ǿǿ֧֡
ЩǳڵѨλͱƵѨλ˴룬صˡ
ƲҴ⣬һſڣ˿񵤺һ
ٻظѨλᣬҲ֮ȶ
ǡ
׵ѾƻڿգֱӾͱ˵صס
ر˺ѳһĹ֣ɳû룬ͽƻ˹֮ڡ
ƾֶͨݷصҲûκεΣգֻؿڱը飬һƬ
ƲָΪ׵ǿĻ֮ڣҪָ˿ڣͱҪЩ׵ų⡣
ֻܶˣڵصף͸Ӧһ׳˾ƿ
ƿ棬˲ǧ֮ߣ׵ú棬һ߰㣬ھƿҴ
Ҳӵصٴתڿռ֮ʼ׵֮ųڣҲ֮ת
̧ͷ죬ƿѾ׽ˣǣȴҲ鲻֧ĸӦҲƵģֹɣɷɣӶӰɳ
ȥɲаƷֺɵѾֱһǧƺǵƼ
Ѿ˵֮ĲͲˣǸ㲻ƵôˣΪʲôôǿĽͷϣܱġ
Ƴ˼Ƭ֮󣬺Ȼ뵽Ҹ֮е̶ա
֦ԽԽӭ׵磬ͽ֦ͷ˺ɫ֮ڣɫ׵磬ۿɼٶȣ֦⣬ٵûҸ֮еı֮С
׵ۼĺܿ죬̨ڴͳˮõҲ޷ۼղˡ
׽ٲҸ֮൱ƵķӵƵϢԱԶƼ˸
ֻϧٶȺؾۼٶȲ࣬𽥵졣
Ʋķ׵ӣҲԽԽ׳ѾﵽֱǧףԭڵĻ԰ҲѾɲˣܵĽȫƵܣЩݲݣŲƵط
ֵĻǶȻûг󣬿ȴֳͬ״ĻǶ䣬ֻǶȴɫġ
¶֦ҲԽԽԽԽ࣬ںɫ֮Уʱƣڲռˡ
ۿһ׳֦⣬һ̶֣֮вŵһ㣬ǵ֣һڲƶӴΣţ֮
ҲһĻĿɿڴֻΪӦÿ԰ԼֵһЩ׽٣ȴ룬ȫ׽ٵԴˣͷ·һͷµͨޣȻʳ׽ٵʱ򣬹֮ͷų˷֮ɫ
ʲôգ׵ҲգһȻҲȫϵţʲôԵڿնվһֱа׵֦⡣
ֻ֦еһ֦չĻܸǷԲһǰ޽϶ɡ
쿴ȥƼȿֺıҸ֮ңҸ֮еĿռ䣬Ѿﵽ˷Բڳ⡣
һҲ֮о޵ŮʮǵܵɢΪҲ˺ܴ
ǰɣ
䡭
һը𣬹ѣɢ
طƺܵս˵͵ػ·Աǰ࣬Ƽλã̶Ȼըɢ
⾪һըϣٸ֦ⴥǸǼٻ
˴˻ᣬһϸɫ磬ſռѷ죬ϢûƵڡ


515 Ӧ
⿴ֻС׵磬ȴڲǬһ㣬̺ӴֱӾͽƵը飬ͷƤƵһ飬Ʊ˳ȥǰһڣһԹȥ
ƺò׻ָǣͷǰȻһŮʹƾһôˣ
ȴɫ԰ףѪңԶշ֮󣬵̱ƵĻϢԵüΪ΢๫ˣҪɱң
Ҫɱ㣿أ´ûзæסϵһ˿ڣˢһ¾ˣô£ô£
ϢԽԽʹƽڵ룬Ҳ赲ƣڣƺһɾĻ棬ϵķꡣ
µǶȡ˲лˣƴټһ棬Ӧúܿͻҵ
ҡһҪ㣬ͨˣ̫ӵĸײã۳ˣɹĴﵽλ񾳽磬ʹ֮شͨͨҲܵشǺͨƴŽͨȶ
룬͢Ͱڽ͢ȴ񣬰ãۣսͨƣȫˣȫĿռɱʬ޴棬Щĵսףǿȴ⵽˴񹥻ȫˣȫǵȫѾˣ
ʲôգֻоԺһһٴλԹȥϵ˶˻ָ
ˡѪɷˡ̵ĸĸҲˡĸҲˣǵ游Ҳˣˣ˰Ѫɺӣ۶Ⱦ˺ɫ๫ԽԽСϢҲԽԽ
ˣˡƵԺвϵĴ֣ͨеˣǾʹҪػ˲ˣеҲʹ˽ˣԺȥ˭
๫᲻㡭ʹĲᣬ̧ḧƵգȴǹɺӣĻ˺ɫĻƮ
գպϵƣҲʧ
㲻뿪ң뿪ҡƵ˫ֽҵץţͼӰסȴֻЩĻ
ƺȻ˹Ĳҽг˫ͫͨ죬˫ȭٴαһ
δһԶһŮӣŮüīѩסĶƾѡ
ֻƿ֮˫ȴ¶ǧɱ⣬֣
ˣҲüôôң
ΪʲôҪɱѪעȴ⣬ֻĶ
ǺǺǡΪʲôҪɱ˵ΪʲôҪɱǷˣҵİˣҺҺҪԶʧʱҿ㻹ܰ˭
úúãֻҪɱͺãһֱŲƵǰǹУմ˹ȥ
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Ƽ㣬üһ
δԣȴЦˣɱңǲǾͲٺˣ֪֪ұȴ㣬Ϊ㣬ãҲµΪʲôܽİָһ㣿ΪʲôΪʲô
ķʣϵЦҲ˿ЦѾʹ಻
˫ͣþδ
һ̣Ȼɱ˵˲ң㣡ۣΪʣΪϣȴҾڼĵһ棬ͿһǹҵľΪʲôָΪʲôҪҺãΪʲôΪʲôΪʲô
৵ţͬǶߵһ㣬ǹ覵׹䡣
ΪʲôΪʲôҲ˷Լ˫ֿʼòɲǹڡ
㱾ǻӦôϣӦȥֻ֪ˣŲʹ࣬Ųȥ㣬ûңѪɺӣҲ㺦ģ㺦ģңҡ˻š
ƴˣнˣиڲϵķԼǰҸӦôϣӦóΪѪи࣬ǶҺģΪҵĳֲģҲҺΪңҲӦôϣӦáӦáֻҪˣͰˡ
ǿնĿ⣬ԽԽɫԽԽƺҲƮ
ı仯˶֪ǱƷҸ֮еĹȴоˣĵģԽǿ󣬶˵Խȹ̣ɵԽϾҪʧҲͬܡ
ھеĹȻվвϵľɫ֮
һԵСħŮҲѣæʵô£
СҪˣɫ԰ޱȣѪɫϢҲԽԽ
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С硭Ҳ


516 ĸ
Ƕ˵ı仯ھŮ
һʮŮӣԼˣʣµıѩҶºСħŮˡ
ڣ˵оŮ
ҸоСԸȥģҪС֮ǰȥ׷ʲô顭֪ԼѾˣԻǰȥ˷Ƶߣȥһۡ
˻һ崿鶯˫Ȼ壬Ȼ顭
СáŮһ
˵Ū׷ʲô顣
СҪˣҵģʹ̱ڹ֦ϣһǰνͷ亹졣
̼һĻʱͿˣһץסļ򣺡ءô£ô°Ǳңҡء
ŮҲ׷׾£ߣǴʱѾȥŮΪʲôصĸӦֻһ˼ĵơ

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ɢĹ£ڵһ˿ʶָһ̣оĲڵůǱ䡣
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һϵɢռ֮С
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ĳƾ͸оԽԽģе˼ˣԭǹ£ҵԼģˣǹҲʹˣǣȥζԵ̡أ˵ĳѵҪΪǱ𡭡
ҲܾôˣҪȥҪ뿪ƬڰĿռ䣬ģΪʲôҲܶҪҪ뿪վ˼άҲԽԽ
ﵽһ̧֮ȭͷ׼Զ߼ʵĺҹͺ˹ȥ

һȭƿգȻһƵıҲȻ˫弸ȻӦ
ڻˣܣһ۱㿴˲Ͳ졣
Ŀȴûڶ˵̫ͣã´һ޼ʵɳĮµӰ̧ͷ죬֮УƲ֪ʱѾʧ
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518 
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519 
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520 
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521 ͨ
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ѵҵʱħǰԤУͨпܱˣã۾ȻĴﵽλľ磬Ǵ½ŰɣʹҲһ˺ΨпȸܶԸưͬʱɫҲԵ쳣ء
Ͳһͬ߳һֱǳĬ
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522 
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ãֱۣǲãã۹ǸֶʱڣãĹֻһСҲвã۹
۱֮Ҳɹ𣬹˰ٱΪĴ۹ã֣Ҳǡ
ƾ;ѵ츳ڴӵλһٴﵽλľ硣
λ񣬼ʹ磬ҲѾˡǣǶĴڡ
֮󣬲ķ㽫ͨ׸ʹˣȻôر
ѣòײŽͨĴۼžܻƣӶƸɱǸʱпܵõСˡ
ȴǰ
Դ磬˵ƿ˲ƣѵѾͨ˲ƣ굽ռ֮ˣ˵һ߼λ棬һ̴磬ͨĻҰɫ£ĺӲ磬ҪйϢֻµͷ
һ߼λѦȴȽϸɾףһɷǣһۣѩ׵ͷͺ붼ķǳ롣
˱ΪӢ濴ֻжʮֻ꣬üĿ֮ȴ̺ʮİ΢΢˵ͷܣңǸпܲƵı𣬲ôֻһ߼򣬼ʹƾλҲƲ˵ĽֻһЩǣȻԸӦǾ֤뿪
˵ĲҲ赣ǣֻҪʶɢֻҪ֣ǾͿ˲ɱıҲܽдŲƣӲǵʶΧѦ˵
Ǽãͷ˫еϵĴ͵ͨϷŵһѰƴСĽɫСС
Ҳˡ
Сڽյ˵֮ÿӣͻͷųһǿĵ糾ͨϣɢγǿĳ
ͨСһ֮Уǳָ޷ɢ档
֮ͨڵƣͬԸоһ㣬ʱʱĴһ죬ÿһζʹͨепռѡ
ͨмӲ̶ȣ൱弶λ񣬶ãֻλһʹʹ񹥻ֻҪͨе㹻ܼ֡
ȻʱҲȥϾ⻹߼λǺ֮£ټ󷨵ļӳ֣ܷӳĹѾӽͨܳܵļˡ
Ҫ˼ĲôͨеЩ˴ߣξͨ
ΪһͨڣԼҪĹôǿܳܵģ϶һ¶ֲסû˲ߵʱ䡣
ɲͨһЩ᲻ãϾͨ˵ҲкܴõģҲ˺ĸ顣
Ƚͨ˶߰ɣưһ͵Ҹ֮ҡ
Ϊ˱ǽͨЩ֮µˣȫҸ֮ˡ
Щ˵֪ʲô飬ҲûǷڿռܼ˻ΪԼǣֻǲˡ
Сƣ㽫Щ˶ȥʵ
һ԰ȫĵطƽҸ֮ҷ·ɹ档
дԷϢ
Ҳ߰ɣƿ˿ˡ
ˣ¶˵֮ɫ
һ취ߵģʱҲﲻʲôæƻص
˶֪˵ʵҲֻƵİţ̤ͨɹ
ջҸ֮Һ󣬱㽫ħ֮ˡ
ħʮħͷһλֻλʹסˣȻѾΪȴûħ޷
ŸħȴԼ֮
ŸħλһλżȴĽǵ
ÿʹһЩѩ֮󣬾ҲͨĶ㣬Χ£׳ܡ
ɨһǣֻҪǺӦÿͨӳǿķ͹ֻ֮Ҫ󷨽Ӧò⣬֪ô˰ɣ
ŸħƵĴʥ飬ƿռ֮󣬱Ƶתˣ׷׵ͷǲа㵡
Ҳ˵ͷʼɣ
Ÿħǻħ˲׳֮У׳еˮѪˮ
ԭСһ̣Ȼ˰ɫͨ׵ͨҲʱֳһɰɫ֣ҿʼ
ţͬʱ󾪣Ǿ͸о֮ͨкȻһǿ
Ϲŵħһ㣬񱩵ɱǷ˶ʹһ
ô£ôȻôǿˣãһڵǷӿ۶е֮ǿٵעڵ֮УһɻʼȨĺͨ󷨣ͼħѹȥ
ǾŸħȴҲʾħӿٶҲ֮ӿ졣
һԵҲҸ֮ң̶͸ͨǽ˳ȥ̶˲Ȼֱ˴ǣ֮ϡ


523 ֮زز
סͨѾӵֱһңֵϷǰѽɫСܵ˲֮Ϸܲ˵С̶ͨСû֮ڣͨй
ʱĴǺȻ֣ͨʹܵѹٴӣͬʱһر߼λɫͨͷ
ãٺһ֮£ɫСһ˲ʮɫĵû֮УͽǹֵɫǸնˡ
ͨеҲüͷѾ³ǽɫСӦǲã񣬵˵ô͵֦⣬ն
ٵĹҲûЧͨòã֮ʣ˲һ׵ĸ߶ȣﵽ׸ߡ
ͨԽǽ־ͻԽ󣬱ȻʹֵѹǿԹҲӡ
ȻͨţҲòƣҺķ˸
Ĵȴһ֮ϡ

˷ǽɫСնʮιٵĴǣȴҲͨлʮףѾ޴ҵķֻҪŬһ㣬ң󷨾ͻԶʧЧ
Ҳˣرǲãɫ֮΢ԥƬ̧̣һ֣գ־Ȼֱ˿ռѷ֮ڣֳصʱѾһ
Ҳ̫ӲķеǸ
һ˲ͷ֮У֮ͨϡ
ͨСʱ͸ܵһɽޱȣѹͨСһףȶ
ǻȨռ֮ĺɽȫﵽ硣
ʹֻȨҲѹͨˡ
Ϊѹ۹ѹҲΪϹʱڣЩ˲ɱ˼ԭ򣬵л壬ֻף֮
ֻһĻʵ۲ʹӴˡ
ɲãȴһλ񾳽ǿߣ֮ѹͨôãҲȫƾֻ
ʱƾĻѹͨӿֵаħ֮
ԹͬԪضˣħĿǡ
ͨеľħҲͬܣͷ·ÿ˶һɽԵóޱȡ
ûԴ󵽵ƾһ֮ܺһ۹࿹ĵز
˼Ƭ̣ѾðˣҪõ󷨴ƣôһ˱ؽɡ
һֽ֣¯˳
ȴһΪһҸ֮ңһ¯
ⲻǹҲղԾԾԡ
ѪһͬʱŲƳͨ
Ĵͬʱ˲
䣡
ֻһΣ㽫Լ󷨻飬ãһˤ
Ҳֻһ˲䣬¯Ҹ֮ҡǹֶͨ
ҪߣҪͨеľŸħ
һ˲䣬ͨͼСһȥ
ҲȻأеĵҲ˶ѡ
ܣãӦʱһĽ𵶾նͨ

ȻֱƿգȴҲͨ˿ռѷ֮ڡ
ãһҲ˿ռѷ졣
ռѷ˵ͬ˺Ȼܵ˴УλϤˮԵģλ㡣
ͨҲͬһ㣬һǽ㣬ƾһãһˣȻԸٺͲϵĹͨȴ޷סˡ
Ҳһоħڣõڻᱻãץס
ãȴ·һ㣬ڰռ֮Уͨĸ档
ʱһããҲܲˣҪֿռѹҪ̫ͨͨڼӲܹƣҪͨѣÿһʹܸͨǿķ
ʵ˵оŸħƾһżλͨͨϣڿռѷ֮Уȫã׷
ϾãҲֻǳλ񾳽磬Ϊûüȶ˰Ըͨ
ԣûйãã͸ͨȷء
Ǹ氵ռ֮е沨ռ԰ռһãͨܿռ֣΢΢㽫ռֻ飬ڰĳ£ռ䡣
ֻڴʲôλԼҲչռ֮̽鷽Բʮһ޴ľ޴УΪǡ
˼֮أôôɣ֪ǳͳķڲڣڵĻҪùͨڣֱ˲ƶȥ
ǼȻа˴֮һƿλʱûǸʵֻ뿪ˡ
ɽ֣ƾͶ˵صף̶ȡһдĿռȻܲһ˿ռ֮ڣֱӴ͵˲ϵĿռ֮ڣ˳
ʱĲѾħ׳ǡ
ãôãټܣķʱ䣬ԲΪ㹻˵ˡ
ֻǸһ¶棬ƾ͸оһӴѹӭ̧ͷȥǾ޴Ļʥ̳ϿգжŮ򶷣ϸһ򣬾Ȼǿȸ
һĻֱӾʹˡ


524 
͵ܣӳˣɴϲʵ
Ƶ˵ͷĿȴעŸ߿ա
˶ħ׳ǵгǣûнڳǡ
򶷵ĶŮȴҲಫһһֻڸ߿սƴŰըϴ
磬ȴţȥȥ˵գһ˲ƾͳ˶Ůԡ
ȸһƾȻˣֹͣ˴򶷣ȸŲƵƵǰڱһ㽫橶˻ʥ̳֮ˣ
Ϊʲôһ
Ǻݺݵĵƣ㻹ΪʲôΪҲ֪飬˵Ϣұκ˶ȻɷˣҾҪѹڻʥ̳֮УԶĳʹļ尾
üһסΪʲôֻһˣ
˭ҲģȻҪȻҪһѹɫ䣬ĿⲢû뿪ƣҪǣãǾʹңңȻ뿪
㣿ӣƴʱѾٽʦˣд
ҾǸӣôˣԽۣԽһ㻤һҿ㻹ôţЦ¶ŷŭȻ
Ƴ̾һռɨ֮£ֻʥ̳ڲռ橶ţɫжһ˿ʹ࣬ʱӦû֮ǣſһ㵽ô
𣿡ɫЦûʧȴһֱĸо
Ƶ˵ͷʦͷˣҲͽܵӣʦŹҵӣʲô𣿡
ʦİҵʦҵʦ㻹ҳҲڣǷ˲Ӱ𣿲һ뵽ڣ
ⲻԼΪĸһЩ˵ˣһɷˣʹҪǸ۵ӣҲΪҵӣƵӣҲۣʲôֻƣΪӣ͵һЩʦĶ͸ˣдңʦҪô𷣣ܴͽܰɣ
˵ĺ㣿ҲͬɣҿɲõĶֿ֣˿ȸ
ȸüͷ㣬ǺαأʹǴתɱϾѾǰǸˣԸҲǲСҲȷʵǰǸ죬ѵ㻹
ҲΨһľͽȻ˷˲лꡣ¼䣬˭ϢǱʥ̳㶼ʹǷˣҾ͵ԼɷˣҲȰңǲŵģ
ǲɵɫֻܰ治֪ϱʲôݣ
ͷˣȻ뵽ԼߵŮˣԼͲûˡ
˼ãƲſһȻŷˣǾͷ橰ɣ͵ˣҲǻʥ̳֮У
㣿ΪҲ֪ͣʹ̽һֱ֣˺ѿռ䣬̶̤˿ռѷ֮ڡ
һ̣橾ͱ˻ʥ̳ԣֻһƣͽ͵Ƶǰ
ķˣһЩ⡣
ĵߣǽ֮飬Ҳ˲˵
ƿ橣ǸԲûܰ㱣ס
˵ʵһЩȻʲôʱԼôˣվǸлҪлŶԣ
û˵ǿ
ȴٴ˵ƣҪҾֱӽɱ
üͷ
ôңħ׳סþסãҾʲôʱܴңӰɡȸãڴ˾סĻҲʱӭҪˣһ֮ŲΣ˻ʥ̳֮ڡ
յá
ȸĿ⣬ȴҡҡͷҲ޷ǿоȳӦ֪ٻһǿ֮
ƳĬˣĶŻʥ̳һռ֮ȴѾ̽˻ʥ̳ڲԺд
๫һѿڶ
Բ𣡡
๫㲻õңȻûҪɱң๫һὫҾȳȥģ
ģ㷢ģһ
๫ҲСģ
ţʲôʱҴﵽλ㣡
ƴ֮󣬿˿ȸȸʲô㣿
ʲô㣿ȸʡ
ǰʲô㣿ʲô֮ǰһϣȸܰҶԸһλ񣡡
λ񣿡
ã۹Ļʵ۲ãۣزȥˣһĴҵϢ
׷ɱ㣿Ϊʲô
õеı
ȸüͷãſһҿ԰ֹ׷ɱȴܰɱ
Ϊʲô
Ժˣ
ʲôɻˡ
橿ʵй涨ģλǣһ֣Ȼ˲Ϊʱͻ׽ý㣬ȥ磿
ȸ΢΢ͷ
ΪʲôΪʲôĹƨ涨ѵΪȥűɱƸԻ
µĹأֻλλҲܳʱǣǲãۼȻﵽλ񾳽磬Ҳ˶೤ʱˣ
ôһ˵Ȼ


525 봴
Ŀһۻʥ̳ƻǾҪǷԭأϾﻹмˣЩ˿ɲ½дˣϵǧ˿ƵĹϵ
֮󣬱ڿȸ橵ͬ£ҵ˲һͬ뿪ħ׳ǡ
ֻǸߣǾе˫ȴŵ̧֣ȡǰѷȣ˼ãƿռ䣬ŲƵʥ̳ڲĽ֮С
վǰȣĶš
㣬ǲǺܺңҲԹģǷ˵ĲлѾû취ˣֻϣԭҵ๫ΪңԲ͵ȡĶģԵñȽңĿдЩĿ
ҽ㣡ٺһ
ĬĶ
ȣ˵Ƿɵȣһһֱûõ˲л֮ӦöҲһЩӦ˰ɣѾıˣ˷˲л֮ôŬڰ׷ˣҸ㣬൱ı벻Ҫ
ҡҡͷ
ҪҲҪҪ뿪͵ƾԼ汾£Ȼ㣬ȫ뱾֮ҺͽٴһҵҪ
һֽ֮׳һɫĹϼ֣㽫ȵȱѨϡ
ɫһʹȴԼѾһЩӦȸԶԼľѪ̶ûڡ
סϱǷҵ̫࣬Ϊ֮ܳһУһҪծע
㣬ǲǺܺ޷ˣƺûиоĶ⣬ǱĿ˵ƺֻһŮˣڷйĵʹࡣ
ޣҵȻܺ㣡
Ȼ֪Ƿζ㣬İҵתϣܹҵĵǸǸѵ˺ƽϢеʹݣʲôüǹҵأȰ
ʹĴЦݣ½ˡǣûŵˣˣǻŵ˸ô죿ԸһΪʲôΪʲôǲôһ꣬ûôģΪʲôһбҪܣҸˣԶǷңһꡢ궼뻹壡
Ѿü֮͵һۣҲ֮ʧ

飬ƸڿȸĴ£ܿ췵ԭλá
ʧѾ꣬˶Ī̫֮ڵλ޽һǳأֻǳȴǰ
ͨʱ䣬̫ӽУԭİӣ޲Գ͢հ
ֻ̫ӸͲƺҶĿжǿʧˣȴɴڣвԼΪɢصˣǶʮԼ˲ûȥ϶Գ͢УǰȴԼ˼
ڽ͢͹͢Ҳµ޽˷ֵ򼶱ĺ´̡
أ³˿ڣҲﵽ߰ʮ³Ϊġ
ʱ߿еˣ·³ǣֻ˵͵ܣĴôǿҪ볯͢Կ׵ģ
ǴԸԸңЦҿԲôֻһǰᣬǾǲã۹Ļʵۣ
ңܸ⣬æҡͷҲʺΪ٣ɱлԣȥʵۣ˰ɣܣǸλãҿ޸ܣ
Ҿ⵹Ǹ⣡һԵĿȸ˵ͷŲ
Ҳ˵ͷҾҲȸȻܱ©ݣʹΪѹλӦҲԽã۴ˣȻôһԼһ͵û˿ɽǵ֮ĲԼҵһ֣㵱ʵۣٿȥ˵
͵ܣ㵱ʵۣҲһ󹦵£񣬿ɲҪ㽫ҪϳԽԼǿҪĶģƴ˵
ʲôסˡ
¾ܸṩĺôֻ֪Ҳ൱ڻ𣬵㲻죬Ҿãֻ˹£˴죬ܳԽ񣡡Ȼ֪Ĺ򣬿ɽд˵ʥˣһӵд󹦵£ҪȻܳΪʥˣ
ͨ˵ڵ̬ȥϵսӦþǲܴﵽļˡ
Խ񣿡һ
Ȳ˵Խɣ˵ĸһַ֮һ򡢲ȥˣҲѳΪ񡣿ȸ㣬֪˵Ƿеƿ˿ȸ
ȸϿɵĵ˵ͷκһ񣬶پͨһŷ򣡡
ţҲ˵ͷ뵽Լı֪֪ʶ
Իͨͬ츣񣬵õ£ΪǻǴ죬ǧַǲˣɻ


526 뷨
ôҿɲҿ϶ǼƤҲֵܵһɣΪûдӦþǶԵģѡ·ԺŻףƿ˿ȸ橡
˭ǳԽĴ𣿡ٴԺˡ
ǸǰɣԤ֪δ
Ů񣿡橲ĿƣҲǳɻΪ֪ôࡣ
治֪νˣԲٻش
ںַ򣬱ܳԽףﵽ֮ҲҵģӦòдȸᶨ˵һ˹ͨ׵ԪأȴܴһԪиʮְأ̶ɹڣ˻ʹַ򣬲ҽַĳɹںΪһ壡
ͨһԪأܸʮְأҲˡ
磿磿ȴ⡣
Ҳ磬ģ˳Ϊ磬Ŀе죬һλ棬ͳ棡
˹֮һģ絽жƺǲ졣
ҾͲ֪ˣҲ֪˹ȸɻˡ
ʶʶң뵽˿ȸ˵ʥǵ飬˹Үա桢ۣĸ˵޲ƿһߡ
ȸ㣬ķʲôٴȸʵ
ȸҡҡͷҲֻ֪һЩ뷨ҷɹӦþͿԴﵽ񾳽ˣҲҪôøԶ֪磬˶ǧ꣬ȹ˲֪ٽѣ޷Ϊ񣬾Ͳ㣬Ԫأλ۷пյ㣡
գпһ£ȸǳĴڣĻһĵȸĿҲ
ȸ˵λһ㶼ֻۣ⼸ѾͨļˣΪ־֮µһ壬ͻᷢɢͷ·ˮﵽеһˮκﶼ伫ޣҲһ
λ۷ļޣѵ𣿡ƺǲ죡
ȻУǸʱȻ㲻Լǲ̬
Լ̬߼ı̬ʴ˻ʱ򣬿˲
һֱţûзʡ
Ϊ⣬㰴״̬ȥʹɹˣҲữ񣬴ӶɥʧȻͨǿֻǼڵ壡
ǰӦ𲻴ɣڿڡ
㣬㲻иоʧʹûҲ֮ǰֻͬһ״̬µ壬ϲԼ𣿡ȸĿƺһӱࡣ
ûϵŲԼѡ
Ĭˣֻȴڰѵ׷޵Ĺѵһ׷һҪʲô
ӿȸŲƵƵϣ֪ΪΣĵĪһ͵ر˫ҲĬˡ
ʵ磬˶ûһЩֻ鷳ӶˣֱΪ壬ԣʹҲûʲôԺ㻹ҵּ޵İ취ҲһЩΪǿֻǡЩ޲ӵŸ߹Ѫͳȸο
˫ۣڳ˼ûлش
Ѫͳɻ
Ժ֪ģ
Ȼλ۷ļޣλô죿֪츳֣֮Ѫеȼ֮Ҳʲô
꣬ǱޣͨԼޣռ־սѾڻˣħʦһ

ȸ΢΢ͷ޷ѧϰûֻƾԼĸȥ򣬶ҪӵҪԪеİأһԪذػĹΪ¼ԪذؽϵмԪذںϵǸ߼ԪذںϱΪںϳΪռ
¼м߼ռǻûУ
ѽ㣬ô࣬Ҹ㣬ֺԪذںϵǳΪСԲʹԲҲӽĴڣֻҪںϰԪذأγɷˣӵе
ԪذںǷ
κΰϵԪذںϳɹܿƷַںϳɹԳԽ񣬳Ϊһ룬ַںϣûں𣿡
ȸ㣬һλ񣬳ɹں˰ְأҲܸ򵽷ˣܱȵù񣿡
ȸЦˣ㻹棬֪Ϊŵںְصʱ򣬶Ѿλ۷ˣںϰأֻҪǿĸ򣬸Ҫǿ֧֣û꣬ɹҲ޷ںϣͺɽֻ֪ҪΪһ壬γһߵɽǣ𣿸˵ͬʱŲɽûǿ֮㼴ʹŲˣںϵ𣿡
ŶϿɵĵ˵ͷҲȷʵˡ
һλ򵽵һԪذأȻԽ֤࣬˵츳ԽãҪӵиǿĹͷصͱ뽫Ԫذسɹںϣ͵ڴԼмˡ򲻵Ԫأ޷ԪеİأƾҲͺˡʵʹλмԽԪذںϳɹģҲΪôλȴֻвʮλԭ򣡡
ΪԪذأ⡣


527 ԭŮ
޷Աʹ˸㣬Լ򲻵ҲȻͺ֮ǰ⾳һĵز¶ÿһİҲȻͬ
˵ȸһ£Ҳ˼ָпҪﵽ񣬱ҪͨϵںϸְأҵںΪһİԪذأ̶ķԶԶĳԽԪذأҲΪʲôͨԪԽ࣬ҲԽԭ򣬾ͨԪԶˣܸԪذҲͻ࣬ںϵĿԾͻԽࡣ
̫⣬Ȼ壬ܴϷһЩͬĶ˽⵽İҲ˵ħѧϰѧϰվǶ˽ͳƣҲ̫İأػǹؼؼǵְصںϣһЩλ˲ͬԪصʮְأȴ޷κְںһ壬޷ﵽλľ磡
ԭˣƻͷһ˵й񼸸ȼ飬ؾͺһ֪м˸ĵʲô֪з磬ʲô
ҾͨȫϵԪأǸںİأţͷҲһ顣Ԫذأǰͨѧʵ֪̽ʲôͬǰͨѧģͨ꣡ԼԼ·ץסʲôȴ޷ȷͬԪ֮İ֮䣬ǷҲһϵ
ȸ˵ҲҪСģһҪԼеˣʹ飬ҲͻƵλˣһٵпܾҪȥ
֪лǰ̵ȸľһ
СƵѣҲҵѣԽһУøлʲôȸЦ
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ȤĿص֪ǵ飬㿼ǺûУ
Ķã۹Ļʵۣɨһۡ
㲻ô˽࣬ãԲͳΣ˫ҲֹϢȸϿƵľ
ԥˡ
ɣʱȽã͢ķӦҲúõĿǿǣһ徲֮ؾһʱ䣬ǰСƣˣʲô飬ԴѶңҲ뿪̫ԶԵʮּᶨ
Ҳ˵ͷ֪Ծ׷ǺεȵĳԣҪѡ񣬿ǹµıӰƺ뵽һ·Ǻ䲻ס
ջ˼һ³ǣʹǬֱ֮Ӿͽ³ǸŲƵǧ֮⣬̶ϳǷڴ˵ء
ϳеˣһЩԲһЩ֮⣬ʣµ˸֪ʲô顣
ЩȴԶҸ֮棬Ҳǰں͹͢ˡ
ڹͬ͢ûʲôøУҪ橣ЩͨĽ͢Աų
ЩˣҲȫƺǣԺҪκεĽ͢ΪѾ¶ģŮ
ûаϣڲϣΪ֪ԼܱϾ̫࣬ʹ˻ʵۣҲҪһԼĵ̣̣ҲŮϢ֮أԳһ
Բʮ˿ڣõȫԳΪһǿĹȡ
˵İҲǰɯԭͳε
ֽɣɯڴﵽ򾳽硣
֮ȻҪģԣƬҲԼ
һûдŹǾǸͥͥܺͣҲǲã۹Ķʮ˸һԭڲԭͥ۹֮󱻲ã۹̲
һȻɿľͳһˣͥ۹еһֱҸ֮ҲɹĴﵽ˾ż򾳽磬ҲѾŷƣԭƵϣۡ
ƿԽͳһѾ൱ã۹֮һˡ
ͨѾ֪ԣҲͲˣǽͨǵģֱǧ׵ĸ߶ȣΪʥء
ƻн͢ȫʵҲֻ͢һǹ͢һǰڽ͢
Խǵɳʼ½ĵ̣͢ĹԱ;ӣ
һеı䶯籩һ㣬ӦӲϾȻҲ˵۶֮ڡ
ѰƼ췢ĲãһƵϢ㼴̴Ѧ
ƽ֮ʣʮ֮һƬľɽˮ̶ߣ¶Ӱˮ̶һʯϣͷ峺ˮ̶еĵӰ˿˼
̧ͷϽڸժںڵ㷢ٲһ
㷢ɢһ˲䣬·еİò˱仯ֱ۽ëƺʧȥʲô֧ţ΢΢̡
һӢ۽ǣҲˮԴıҲһС࣬ĹĵҲ΢΢˱׼Ĺ
ĺȥ޳쾱һס
ѩƤ紵µ㷢Ȼһˡ


528 һ˵
ڲţûԼòǲʲôʱչˣˮеԼ̧ɱϸָḧԼգĿиǴǧ
Ƭ֮վ⿪Լװ滹һɫףһģҲĴڣסܡ
ڣ¶ǽļϸֻ֫ԭӦùظȴһɫƥƣ÷ǳƽ̹
Ľ⿪ǰƥһһҿǱõѩ𣬾һ͵һµ˳ǰԲͦף׵һ㣬Ȼ΢΢š
Ĳˮ̶УȻ⿪㡣
ǹͰѩ¶ˮ棬һˮԼϡ
ұŮȴӵıˣ֪ڱˣӦûΪһвŮ˰ɣѾЩΪεȴֺȻЩ᣿ΪʲôΪʲôΪУֻǸѡֵܣǸŮӣ˴𣿻ֵǰ𣿡
ԺУϵĸŶЯִɹ̨׵Ļ棬ΪֿǸӰ
ܷܷ΢΢һָзɳһƬɫĺɻ꣬ĿĶţ촽ٴ
ϣҵʵۣʵŮҸô죿ҵ˻ʵۣӦþͿ԰ﵽˣ˱һ񣬺һֵܣѵѾô֪ˣȴȱֵܣ
ǡΪʲôȴһЩʹôҵһϿɺͱϿɵѡǡ
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һյϿ׳ߴǧ׵ͨжͷų̰Ŀ⣬ͷųǿʶͨͼʹͨ
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ȸûᣬЦãûȥ㣬ȻԼˣǺǺǡǲǻڴ⣿
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ǽɫķ⣬֮ȴֱӱյޡ
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ԪеĽ֮أְؿԲΪĹâȴֵͨնֻҪɵӣ֪ѡ
Ļ䣬ͺȻ顣
䣡
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Ťͷ˿ȸʶ㣬ղֹܲܽңȻԴ͸ռ䣬ٺ٣Ҫһȭͷռѷ죬Ȼӱ˵ߺȻð˭ӵˣ
ѧ㻹ʡʡɣ񶼻ûдﵽôʲôȸһۣ´ҾͲٰˣҲҪչأͨɣڣҲõı˽ͨܣ
㹻ˣĵ˵ͷ
ȸתȥ֮ͨڡ
ƿһ橣ô͢Ĳ鷳ıʲôΪˣܷң
ұλ۷壬˹Ԫе֮أڹɽУѾΪߵˣ̻ҲҪ֣ԣҪΪҵǣȸЦ
λ۷壿ÿ죡Ƹֱܴ̾ͨλǲò㣡


529 һ
ڿɲֻǸһְأںְأֻҪںϳɹܴﵽλˣ橻ص
ŶƸǾϲ
ҲҪˣ˫¶ЩĲᡣ
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ǺǺǣҵȻ֪кû֣֮ԪȴᣬͷİɣЦȴԼ°̬ͣһЩ
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ܲȰɴ˵䣬Ҳռ֮ˡ
ʲô橸оܵı仯Ҳ⿪ɴ
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𣿲ݣְԼһҡҡͷ뵽е㽫ĸƽ
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ڳ˼УͨͨǶ֣ȥ
ͨѾ򿪣ٷգڵѾԼͨڲˣɳ롣
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أ򡭡ңգвϵظĸ֣ʶȴ̽ԼڵĿռ䡣
⣬ֻǸģͣǱȵһƸԼôһ𰸡
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ҵɸӦʲô
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ƳĬˣΪԼеøԶˣĽһֻ޵ɸȥȥ״ﵽɵľ硣
е㲻ģⶫ൱ڵڶҲϵԺĳɾͣĿ겻ֻǳΪһλλ񣬶ǳԽףﵽʥ֮
ĸ磬ĴϵɽΪΪΪӦǻ봴죬иͨŵЩЩѵǷں֮󣬳ɾ֮ЩԪصİǺιϵΪαҪϵںϸְأܿӷ򣿡
ΪʲôЩΪףѵֻΪ˵õһЩūһЩŪһǣ
ʱƾͷ·ڷӣھвϵ˼ԼЩź飬˼άԾҲǳĴ
ΪʲôᱻΪʥǣΪʲôΪʲôȥһպ˫ޣΪʱ·٣

뵽ƾʵʵŮ֮£̺أΪѾû̫Ĺ˼ˡ
ʱҸ֮оޡ
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๫ˣǽΣƵĻ˫§̧Ц
ƵͷǺ촽һ£û๫
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ȴ˫Ĵһ£ͷ๫
һ֮ƾͽ̸ڷһ֮Уֱӽǽɴ֮ڣſϡ
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СӣȻô룿˵һ๫ǰǴϣ棿̧šסǹĶ쵰ա
ߣǣһˣ㾲һ꣬˵ǣһ궼û˼ˣɲĵԹš
ǻո˵꣬ƾѾ촽ϣ괫ԵһΣҪһ꣬òã
̸оеĻȣҲ࣬΢΢дѶϢ๫㻵֪۸˼ң
ٺ٣ӣҲ۸۸˭һξͷһ꣡


530 
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СѾͷĻôѽһ궼ûб䣡ƸоǼϸ塣
ôҵıӱ𣿡ҲƵ·⿪ˣšס⣬΢΢һ
۸๫ˣҴ򣡡ư̵ˣΰϾһơ
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շתֻо·ȫһֱ֮Уȴޱܷܷ֣Ƶĺϣ˼ָӡǡ
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ҲɹĴﵽ˫񹦵߾硣
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Ƶػһ𣬼̶֮֯кԸоռı䶯
ռȻȶԵĸоԼĿռжһֶֶֻ̫翣Ҳ̫΢ʹһʱ׼ȷķֱʲô
ֱһ̣ƲȷԼڿռ䣬ѾЩռͬˣΪռеķȫⲿռķ˵׼ȷһЩֻǽⲿĿռ̶ͨڴ˵⴦ռͷ·ʧһ㡣
ⲿռռ֮ضһе㣬Ǿǿռ¿ռɳȴҲ޷ʧʹռͨռѷ밵ռ䣬Ҳ൱ڽеˮ½ϣռڲַԪزûб
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еĿռռʹбҲֻǴԭеĿռȡĿռˡ
ȴͬƷԼĿռжһԼʣҲ˵һصڿռĶռ䡣
ȻڵĿռ䣬ûȫⲿԭеĿռ䣬Ѿˡ
ͷ·̤Լĵһ
һӤģ¸ĸѽѽʼվѧԼȥ˼⣬̶ʽȻ뿪ȥȥȥһƬԼء
ռֻԼƸܵԼռĴڣȻǼΪ˷ܣͺǺҪѸĸḶ̤́ܽԼ;һȻ֮лкܶãǰ㽣ȴǰ
Ҫǣ뿪ĸĸԶעΪṩκ衣
氡ΰĸףԼռ֮У˫޵ĹУҲһ̾
κˣĺӣΰеģȻ飬ȴҲһ˰
ԣǰ淨֮һİ
ƺȻ֪ԼжεʲôˣһְһķǷͬĶ
ֶͬĽϣ̿ΪһڣΪ˰ķһİ


531 㻳
ţƵۿʪˣ͵ر˻еḺ̌ԼϣǲϷ֮Ĵꡣ
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ãƲſһ̣лл㣡
๫ôˣôˣ̱סƵ·˽ܴûкƷֿҲ΢΢š
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ѽһˣĻˣ̾һæƵ̶ʹӣ̽С
ã̾С죬͵ش๫ƭˣ
ٺ٣Ҳ˵ﻳУֵ˵ͷƽ̹С̶ֵ˵ͷ̵Դ
ըգۣ˼Ƭַֽ̣ܷܷƵĶͷ๫ǲǲˣ
û˵ģֻǣѺҵˣƽ͵
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㲻̽ˣʲôûУҪڵʱ򣬲Ż֣أҪҪͣҪŬҪСܿͻ֪ˣһ֮һסǾˣֱ˻С
˺ֽܿڵľ磬һΣָܵ˷̵ԼеĶ
ҲֵĵطΪһ̵곷룬εİķ򣬾ͻʧٴںϵʱȴܸܵˡ
򱾾Σֻܸܣȴ޷ƿأɼʹܣҲַ֪̽ԿӰ쵽κ˵顣
ģŶ˫޵ĳĽڣָоҲԽǿҡ
˶ڶˣǾǰӵţ̵ɫҲԽԽϲ·ҲӦַ
ʱţҸ֮ҵ䷿ݣһֱûб򿪣ת۾졣
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ô㲻ϲ𣿡գգۣǵ³һ仰
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һ̣ƾʹ˸飬ָ˹ǿȻѵҲ־ʲô־˵־
ƻָȻ󣬾˾죺ȻûʲôãʵҲֱ仯ûʲôãֻ๫ǰʹãҪڵǰҲòأ
̼𱻶ڵϵ·Ϳʼ
ԭ˶˾Ȼûд·һϵĽ֮⣬ʣµľգǱ˴ӵڴˡ
Ƽˣһн̴Ӻ汧ڻУ˫ֱƽ̹СḧƬ֮󣬱΢΢ƣǷ·ԲͦѩУЦСôųȥʲô
๫ٲȥǶóԴˣɲֻǨң֪𣿡̿ƵĻⰮ˵˫֣Ҳ΢΢ҲһЩ๫㲻ҪˣһָҪˣ
Ƕһ£๫벻ˣҵѾĹˣ
ѽ飡Ť


532 
ٺ٣ҪһΣȻٳȥֱӽ̸˵ˡ
๫㲻Ҫ̿ģǣȴڲϵƴš
Ƿͦѩ𣬸ڲϵƵб仯״
ܿһδֻһΣҪĶˣֱӷƵϣ²š
ѵһأţ˫ŷ̲ѩ𣬿Ц̣ҾҶͷϵ־ƺ¸ͬԴģǲǰ
ʲôֱ壬βϵĻζš
Ӧþķ֮һͺǶᰮһһҪûаķҲᰮңҲᰮ㣡Ҿ÷ӦҲŵȵģǸ˵ֻ֮ķ򣬶֣ӦεȵķĸߵȷеİӦһְֲ֮Ŷ
˵ŵƣȻӵˣ˫Ҳ֮˼˼·̵ѩ֮󣬼̶ס˷ܷܷϸ
࡭̡šŲʲôء̾Ҫ๫Զβ䣬ȻǷѩѹƵĻУ˫ָǽرסƵĲӣ૵
ٺ٣ѾͷټӰѾ๫ҿǺ˵ģɲСȻ֮һ깥ֻǰ˼򣬾ȻѾﵽ񾳽궼ȻҪǶˣһöԷܣĴһ·̵ĺΡ

ʱĶ˾ͷ·»Сڣǰ˶һȻףڶ˵С磬ƺжȥļжȥϵİ
䣬ûԶһɲˣ̱øӾȻһʱȻһ޷԰εĸо
ڷ̻кܺõԿڽһ˻֮󣬱㳹׵̱ƵĻУһֻСèţһ
ǺεȻ̧ͷƣС๫᲻̺ܷšǣǶʮûгȥˡҲ֪˵Щʲô
šס̵ıǼ⣺Ҳһйǻ᲻˵أһ˵Ŀռ䣬αȥں˵أ˵磬ô˼ɣηŷǵ飿
ţֽͷƵĻ๫ʵҲûӴ
ٺ٣˴˱˴أһ·̡
๫ǰһҲɫˣ
ٺ٣ϲϲһֻѾס˷̵ѩ
ϲҾϲ๫ģ̺ٺЦһץסƵ֣΢΢
̣㲻𣿡Ʒһ
ԣգգ˫
ԣǸӽӽֱԪصİأڷɽ֮ˣ
ʲôѽ
ɼͨˣͨͨԪذأŴﵽǿĿкܴ𣬵ȴҲһЩϵ
ƶǶ
֮䣬иҵģԱͬ⣻ֶϲԼõһԷˣ
๫ˣΪһͬ࣬һأ̲ԡ
ֻͬǶָ࣬ڲͬ壬һȽϹ㣬һȽխͬʣҲǿԵģֻȽ⣬ҾֻҪеķ򣬾ͺпܻȻ硢еĵ
ǵɻ񣿡Ӷͷ
أ˳Ȼ
˵֮⻹أ۰׵˫ۣסƵĲӣȤʵ
˵أ

Ȼ
Ǻղ˵
Ȼϣ㿴Ĵϣ˼๫𣿡
̾˾죬һƣŲᣡ๫滵
ǰɣ㲻ᣬ๫ҲᣬΪʲôǶ磬Ϳأ
û˿ѽҲŲԼ๫ӱ˿أʵֲʺͱ֮䣡
صĲͬȻҲľĲͬΪų⣬Ϊƣһɲ䣬ʱضı䡣
ѽ鷳أ๫ˣ
һ壬ûоԵųҲûоԵеķ̫̫ˡֻǣȻ֪Σȴ޷Լַ򣬸޷Լȥƿַ򡣷Ļһ̬ЩƿһַףĻҪβܽķνҵռ֮У
ƴЦָֻ֮ȴڽĴŷѩϵ飬÷һ


533 Ůȥ
ˣҪȥҽٲȥ϶ҵƤûô񣬺ߣһ
ջûӹǷ֮һѡ
ǺǺǣ๫֮ǰŻƤҺƤһˣЦЦ
һߴ·һ߻ص๫ǰû˵ЩôڿʼоЩˣ
ΪʱڵǣӦøʱֻһζǺǷģҲվ
Ѿ˼æƵ·ݸƣƴ
ǰ˭˾ӰҸ㣬Ҽǵһʥˣʥ˰Ƿ˵ʱǰУǰѱҵĹﱧݴȥˣǺǡ䣬öǸԼͬǰ趨ģͬķ򣬴󡣡
ȻҪθ򣿡
ܸǿԺҪ
ȥģһҿˣڸоﶼǶİˣ
ûаħɣƲתΣס˷̵
ħûУˣԺûĽħˣ̼ҲиѽͿԶ๫ˣ
๫棿зΪɣ
ǻܸʲôҲŲأֻҪÿ춼ܸ๫ˣ̾˾죬ʼڵĿӣǰѩɽбɽһ¶
ʰ֮ͣŴӲŴӷ̤ͷռյĹ٣һ˵ҲʱʼǸƻˣ
ǲǰﰬɯʦ𣿡ΪԵú˷ܡ
šƵ˵ͷŷڿնŮ֮ء
Ůˣ׷˫ǴĿỵ̂ʹ÷һߣֱӡ
Ůϳߺ죬һ󿩿֮Ц
ƺЦˣɵðһŮһۣεȻ֮ȻȻ˳Ҳ֮򿪡
ѽŮûб̵Ȼ󣬷̵Ϊһ
̶̵ľʱ䣬Ȼʹﵽ˼Ҳ̫˰ɣ
һƣǷҲ˺ܴı仯ƤøӰ𪣬·ͷŵĹںڵĳɢţرƶͷǸɫԲ㣬Ů档
ƣǸо鶼һӷˣͷ·ޱߵĴ󰮰һ㣬ССʧ䣬˲ͱƽ
С磬ôоˣƵԣƫͷƶͷϵԲ㡣
Ϊһǰ̸ң˵׼ʲôһסЦ
὿ߣ๫
ǺǺǣСӾͺúߣûбˣǾµĶͷһ£ŷſŮߣǳȥҰɯ
๫Ұɯʲôʵ
๫Ҫﰬɯʦ𣡡ȭԼȻ֮ƺܲ⣬ûнǰЩøס
Ƶ˵ͷһ֣Ů뿪Ҹ֮ңľǸͷ
ͨڲռ䣬̽򣬲ûзְɯߵʮŮƺҲͨˡ
Ӧöȥȥˣ߽ѩѣǶȥѩˣӦöڣʱᵽ棡͵
ƽռ֮չһ˲ͽԲʮȫǣһ֪̽Ȼ󲿷˶ھڣǰɯڡ
⻹зĽѩҶǧСħŮСŮ£⼸߳˼֮⣬ΪҪŮ˾ȻڣȻһֻȴԼĸĸû뿪ǡ
һƵĳȥ
ǻȥͬ뿪ͨ޾
޾ѩĸףֻ޾Ҳﵽʥ۷徳磬ѡһլԺʹ˾ס
޾ѡֻͨеһͨе뿪֮ͨ˾Ѿ׷˳
˵ͨеڲռٴɲܷŷ飬ɲĥ־Ҫ򣬻Ҫͨ硣
Ȼͨ˾޵֮أΪ治κԪس㣬ҲǳİͨڲӵһƬ̣Ѿ˵Ľ
һҲ޷סˣİ˴Ӻζľ͸ˮ棬޷Ԥϵġ
²ûⷢҲϣ½˿Ҳ޷ǣĻЩӦӵеѪԺϽ֮ģΪȦ
Ůһ˲ƣ޾լԺ֮У޾һʹ˳
ףƿںһ䡣


534 ץˣ
ô޾ûʲô̫ı仯ֻǵĵ֮Ѿʧȫޣȫһ̬֮Ҳͷһ˳ƺԼҲ¶ʮЦݣСưûװԼŮ㣡
һЦǰץס޾ĸ첲
иԺҵˣ޾Ŀȴ¶˼Ȼ
üͷףʱȥ½ĸ׽ҳΪ˹ޣǻܹټ棡
ģǶܸ𣿡޾·Ȼ˾
Ҳҿ϶ӦϣȥˣӦöڣ˹޵ģ
ĸĸܸ𣿡޾뵽Ƶ
ҡҡͷǵĵԻ٣Ѿɢˣ
ƿȻô˵ȴôһСϣ־磬ٻͷһУѾǰĿˣøӸԶ˼Ҳȫ档
еĻô½߶˵һδεĵʹɢˣҲᱻֻһ޷ôʹֻ̫תͶ̥
Ǹ򣬷չΪһϵͳôҲͻΪ˵鴦
ˣǸǴˣǲףǵĿǲǳΪһķôǵĿʲôưһ
๫ʲôأץסƵļʵ
ңŶûʲôŴ˼нѳȻûŪе⣬ȴܲ³һʲôܣܣֻǸһ޴еĳ֪
ʱ޾ʵûм㣿
Ŷ㰡ǰЩһΣѩѣǺǺǡ޾ֵһݸơ
û˵ȥģ׷ʵ
ûк˵ҿ⼸Ůһͬ뿪ģ˵ʲôҪΪɯʦȥˣȥһۡ˵СƵļƻҪһҲ
ǾȻһȥ˰Ͳ³˵ȥ֮
ҶЩŮӣƵļƻǣҪԭͥҲһչҲ֪ġ
ԭֻ֪ΪС飬ЩӻǣǴоǷģǵӦòʲôΣյģ޾Ƹ̾
ƲûӦ𣬵ȴܸܵŮ⣬һŮŮͬʱͷ
ףǾȸˣпܣһĸ㣡
һ֮ƴŮֱŲƶȥ
ƣڿռѾ˲֪ٱʹŮҲ˲Ƶռ串ǷΧ֮ڵκһҪһЩٶȿĶ࣬С͵Ĵ
ŲƣǾͳ˰ľڣڰǵϿա
ţûУͷһ
ŮҲ
ǻ֪ƵĿռ֮˰ĸסأκζ㽫򼶱ǰ֮С
˭ץǸϽߣҲǳĿߴ󣬴ʱɫŵɫֻǸո꣬㾪ȵµ㣿ƣ
û뵽ʶң㣬ɼ⼸Ůӣƻּ䣬ɯŮĻ񶼹˳
ɯǣǡѾǴ졣
˵ƶٺһ
ǶѾץˣ
ʲôץߣƶʱһֲõԤС
Ҳ֪ɫΪη壬Ȼ
㲻˵ͻǿѹŭ𣺡һǻɢ
Ĳ֪Ǽڰɯ˸ո֮󣬱㱻ǼץˣץȥҸ
ƿһߵü΢΢һֻһ죬λֱӱ顣
˵ŵߺȻһĲ֪үǰ
㻹ǲ˵ǲǲãˣ뵽һǾ֮Ӧвã۵ˣ׳ԵףʹΪҲܱ֤ÿһ˶׵ġ
Ĳֻ֪һССʲôҲ˵
ǵӹճ
߼æͷȻԪأͽץŮò˳
һŮƸʶ
ʹõԵԪأһ
ԣ߻æ˵Ůһ񣬾ץߵЩŮӣֱʹһճŮ˲ȻʹˣҺûм
ָָºĻ
ûǣƳ˼Ƭ̶̣ʵǰ飿
ǰ
ɿˣ

ǣƺȻ뵽ǳء
ûͨǵĴ󣬾ã۶ûУ˴УҲֻаڽ͢͹ͨ͢Ĵ
ϸĶλ߶ʱȷ䲻˵ѣŽա


535 
๫Ϊʲôɱü
ڻʱȥǿƻֽŮҸ֮ң˲ƶȥ
ȥһγǣǴڳǸһռŴû뵽ξȻˡ
ڵصףٴβһʶĻ󣬵һռһֱ֮ӾŲƵ˳ǵĸ
ѾǴ½ļ֮ء
ռֱŲƣĿռ֮һһƬϵľ޴Ǳ
֮ǳǱΪǳеķȻͬͷ·һԲεĵﱤȫһ壬û߻߷
ռ֣֮ƾ͸ӦмǿϢһλ񣬲ңһλ
⻹ȽϤϢǳͳƿԿ϶һΪ˵ĸϢֻͨĶ
û˱ǳҲ˭Ȳǡ
Ҫİ뱾𣬶ֻλ򣬱Ǽֲ˶õġ
һ޴¥֮Уһλ췢µԸŮӣ޳ѩ¶Բ΢ķɢ磬ԣһһӡ
˶ǽڶǽ֮ϣһŮӣ·ǽֻ¶ͷ­
ǰɯѩҶǧŮ
ˣƵ΢΢һЩ͹ȷʵûڴ˵ء
ȥѵûкͰɯһ𣿡ưһ
ҲûóȻ־ŮԷλһŪãŮͺпܻɢ
Ҫ֪ŮϿɶдѶģȻѶĻᶼûУɼŮӵ֮ս׶ǡ
ʱǺŮз˫ۣЦˣһһǺ۰ɣȻʧ˵᲻ģ
ǰԩ޳ΪҪץǣŮΪߵķʵ
ѾˣŮһ׺Ͷס
Ҫ־͹ǸƵңȴƵˣɱץӦҲ֣
ȻɱǵˣǰΪβֱƱ𣿡
ߣҲ֪һΪߵ񣿾ã޷ֵһУһȥΪץǣҵ˿ǱǺܶˡģҼȻץҲ׵ɱǣֻҪǸƵܣҿǶһʱ䣡Ůӿ˵
ǰҪ֪ƵʲôܣֻҪŹǣԸһҪ֪ģٴʵ
Ŷô˵ŮӻͦΰģңߵǸŮӵʲôΪ
λ񣡡ֱ˵ʵ
λ񣿡ŮӺգζһ
˵ѣϸûλ񣡡ŮӶٺһ
ǰţȥħ׳ǵĻһʵٴһ
ȥħ׳ǣߣΪҲ֪ǸŮ˵ͽܣŮһȴüͷ
ڲòúõĿǿץ⼸ŮĴˣλҲҪһ۵ģϾкܶ˿Լץǡ
ֻкһаλôŮ˶ٻҲһԣǴ½λϢǲҪ磿ǾŴԼĹ涨λǴڣֻŴϵĴƺд붼ѾɹˣǾŴӦҲӦɣӦҪ˶ãͻ鿴
ǵİ˴κһıһĴڣǳȻȴǧ˿ƵĹϵͬŴҲôǵġ
ǸλһǸô죿Ůһдʵ
ᣬǸŮôһԸɱҵˣǾͱҪһ˭ˣ췢Ůӿ˵ֺݺݵĵŮһۡ
ǰǼҹӵ飬ǻǺģɹʱ򣬳ǼҹӵѼͻĹؼʱڣҼҹӺ͹ӵѣҼҹ뿪ɹֺ֮Ͱڽ͢˴ɱҼҹӣҼҹӲűƻǵ͵ǰǣǰʲôǴԴΪת﹫ӣǼҹǺͨˣ
ҵܴӦŮӿŭȵ
仰֮Ҳ΢һЩǲܰԼˣȸڱչأ޷ȼŮ֣ԣֻܿԼԼȴֶŮӣµľǶԷֱɱˡ
̽˼Ů֮ƶŮӵںϵİҲһЩɵȻԽŮ֮еս׺Ϳռ޷ʹ󲿷Ҳ
УȻԪغˮԪأмӦþˮԪеİں϶ɣưһֳ֮ǵȥ
߸ո¶ΣǺŮͲˣμٵƮ˳ȥǱϿգĿ˸һ˿⣬עơ
ƣǰƺǱĹ˵
û뵽ô죬ȻһͲҽҲ£ŮЦ


536 
Ůǳ׾λг졢೽
ͳ׾ĵӣǵ֧
£Ȼ£ʵ˵
£ҿһ㶼£޿֣ĳǸŮˣҾͲҶ֣׾һ
ǰʦͽˣʦͽ֮Ѿҵħ׳ǵĻʥ̳ѹţһʦͽܣ˫Եøء
ǲʦͽˣ׾ǲ졣
ǲǣԺǰȻ֪Ƶ
Ҽǵ߻һŮɣ˵λΪβȥӣ׾еĺʧˡ
ǰӦ֪ٻʹиλĽ㣬Ҳ޷ǻʥ̳оȳҵӣ
׾΢΢ͷʹôԼ𣿡
ȻᣬѾӦҵĽ㣬ʲôʱҿսŻŻҵӣ
͹ˣεĳҲ񣿡
ҵֻҵӴӻʥ̳оȳһˣԲűץסˣǰЩץߵŮкιϵ
ûйϵɱΪ˲ɣ׾ʵ
ľҾͲˣӦѾʮһɣֻҪһӦ
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á
˵һһȻ㲻ĵӣǾͰһɱ
գɫһ䣬Ķһ£ǰΪȥɱ
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ǰܷңΪοңԥˣʵڲŮôôԼ
ΪпռΪ˲ƣͨռ֮ΪҲ֪ı£
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ǰһ£ʹɱǣҪγȸıǰӦʮףŮ˵ҵҪģҲҵȥ˵̬࣬·˵ﻰ
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ǰĪҲȻˡ
ǰ˴һһ׵ˣŴ屳ĸ񣿡׾һƺΪ֪Щܲ⡣
˴ķƱѾ亹ȥɭҰڽ͢أǾŴҲͷһ˵
ʵ㣬ı𣬶ǻ׵ӣҲϲǸŮˣԣҪɱ׾ֵһ﷢ܡ
Ƕǻ׵ӣ죬ʲôЦǵôô棿֪ôģƴʱоѹǳĴ
ɽͱˮڹףħڰסʥغͶľǶףϷħ׳ǡڻףЩӦöɣ׾Ц
治֪ѵ˴ƿߣǻߵַһ䡣
ȻĴ׼Ϊ׽ˣ
ǾŴָʲôٴηʡ
ŴǾŸӵļ壬磬ɲֻ׹£оŴʵǿӵжλΪˣԣʵǿľŴǻɾŴÿһ帺һľŴ壬ʡҸ㽲ôֻ࣬ϣȥȸ磬дѵ˿ԶԸ
ǰҲģȸ鷳ıҪң޷Ӧģƺܿ³һ
㣿׾Ŀ÷ֻǿƵı£ðˣΪ¶֮һԼǾԲԸġ
ǰȻˣǾʹӦòȸĶ֣Ӧò᲻Ӧôһ͵ɵӣ˴ҲҪˣǰɱǣˣ
װĸһ˵֮󣬱ȭȥ
׾ˣɫȻŭôҲ벻ļŮƵȻ㲻Ҫ˵Ͷˣں
ƲںɱкãرλǴʹġ
վס׾ٺһλһϼ׷˹ȥ


537 ٴΰʦ
ڻˣưһûתΪ׾Ѿ˹
ֻüֻ΢΢һ·𣬷·ըһ㣬˲ռݷԲʮա
һã˲ŲƳ֮ң
׾ûȥ׷ÿһŲ𣬿ǣĹôһ㣬˲ƣ˸ڳܵգʹ׾޿κΡ
¶׾ǰ׵֮׾Ѿҧгˡ
ղţҪѵѵƣƵĿռ˲޿κΣΪƸֻ߳࣬Ҫһ˲ƣһûãٶȸƵϣһ඼ûճϡ
ǰҰƷһ䡣
ǰҽ㣡׾ĲһЦ
֪ûͨǰĿУ
ͨˣ׾ݺݵĵ˵㡣
ǰӦҵҪˣ
ҿԴӦ㣡׾Цһһռ񣬼ʹ磬ҲǷǳֵģرҲƣƶ̶̵ļ䣬ܴһСëﵽ񾳽磬ѾܳƵеˡ
ΪĵӶʲѣºȻ˵ƺгѾʦͽɼͱ˷
ǰӦˣû뵽׾˺˵
ֻǵһһеڶֻҪӦҾͿԴӦ
ǰ˵
ڿǰ룬ҵʸӦÿʦɣ
ʲôǰҪΪͽȻΣš
ôɱͽܣֻΪʦҷγޣҪ֪ΪͽΪͽǰ̻кܴĺôģ
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ŶȻʲôûн㣿㣬Ԫأֻǿռɣ׾ֻǿռһϵȷʵҲûʲôԽƵġ
գˣԺһҸ棬֮еκԪҶУ
κԪأ˵󻰰ɣ
κԪأΪȫϵţ
ȫϵţռϵҲţڸʹûܵԪظҿ
ܵԪضû˼㿴ҵķһ֮κȻһġһ˰ֲͬԵѪ
ЩѪʵʵڵ壬ڲͬԪԵ֫ɡ
ı仯׾Ŀɿڴߵĳͳ೽Ҳ˫۷ֱ
Ƶİ˸ںһ֮󣬼ԣҿɲֻһΪʦΪһҪмԪأԪеİأǰԴӦ
ãңҴӦ㣬㣬ھ͵˵ҿͷʦţڣϣ㣬гǵҿͷʦ׾һЩɵˣ˵Ҳ¡
һĻ÷Ӧĳͳ೽мʲѣʦȻųӣⲻ˼
Ǹ֪ϵȫζʲôҲûһˣҲֻϵЩҪôǷеķҪôеţţǿ϶񼶱Ĵڡ
Ƽʹﵽ񾳽磬ɼ䲢Ǵš
һ뵽Ҫ˶Լһӣ׾ܲ
û뵽ԼǿͷʦѾǵһˣʹʦΪ˾ǼŮӣҲϥǡ
ԣ׾˵֮΢ǰ׾ʮ׵ĵطͣҪȥ
ôԶʲôֲǳ㣬ô㻹һɱ㣿׾ܲĵһۡ
üͷϼ׾ҵĵطֹ֮ͣУ˵ưݼʦ
ƣ㲻ƣ׾Ƶ
Ҵӹϵģ˵ҵʱп壬ֻ֣˽͵
ˣҲʲô֣ɣʦֻ߸ģȻҳ׾ͽܣԺߵͦˣκ˶۸㣬ΪʦһΪʦеڶΰʦ
׾ƺĺԴ飬׾Ҳûиоκεĵ⣬ԣβһͬա
೽ͳҲŽ׾ƽʱ޵Ĵ֮С
ڲһº췢Ůӻ񣬲Ҳ֪׾ı
׾ڻǰϣƣһ¿ͷʦ꣬ñĹݣ˱ҪҵҵıӻȻ⣬ҲԺݱΪʦҵʦɲܾܾ
лɫҲ࣬׾ƺĺԴԼȻ꣬Աٴʵʦ꣬Լ᲻Ӱ죿
׾һЦеģȻеӰ죬Ӱ첢ҲٻֻǽһЩ꣬޼վûˣݰɣ


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545 ʧصĶŮ
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547 Ů
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ûгƵԤϣֿ˿ˣ
ңҲƣԼҲﵽ弶ͬһϲ
ԺȥҪСģ֪һˣҿ
ƵĻû˵꣬±㼱֪ˣҿС͸ǵС磬ǡ֪ˣ
Ҳһϴı飺С磬㡭;ܵˣ
ǣǺǺǣҪǣǱᣬֻҪǣΣգЩǳ綼Ҫ׵ģҲԶߣҲܱһԡ
ء͵ضӣСȴס죬ҴĿ
ôˣüͷһ壬æߣļ
ءС磬ǲǲҪˣС֪ˣ´Ҳˣء㲻ҪߣòáԽԽˮεδĵš
ۿҲʪˣС磬ҲãǿСºȾƵģ£ҲãҪϾ͸ߣС벻㣡
ɵˣµĶŮֻоȴַĵҸĶŮԴСѾͷǲǹңʲôʱ˵ˣ
ղţ
ҸղŻû˵أҵ˼ǣǲʱʱ̵̿ĶߣʱҲȥǵһԺһҪǰҰ¶أ⣬һҪСģŲԿһζԷֻһͨǸ߼أ
ŮգֹͣʣһЩΣ¸ΪЦС磬֪ˣֻҪ㲻ǵͺˣ
ƹװӣһξԭˣɲ´Σ
֪ˣС磬۲ۣҰ㴷ɣվܵƵı󣬶ˣ˫־סƵļͷ
Сӣûзԣ˵СַǳҲʣһЩܡ
һҸգգۣŤŤͷ
ŬŬ죬͵͵һѾ۾ƣС磬Ҳ㴸磬㲻Ҫˣ
˵꣬Ѿ쵽˾첽ӵƵ󣬽һԣֻ̧СȭƵļͷ
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Ҿѧ㣬ѧ㣬ԺʲôҾ͸ʲôƵĿһ
С磬Ҳѧ𣿡
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㿴ˣǰһ䣬ȻƵ͵Ϯһ¡
ţƼæ۾ʪա
ֻҪͷ㼱С磬ǸҲллľ֮ר͸ģ
һЦҡҡͷܵı۾
¶ƵĻߡ
µһۣ˼ΣվûǸ
ô˰ɣ
ߣµһۣҲƺΪԭ˫Ȼ˼´ȥ
ƣȻоһʹ˳
С磬Բ𣬶Բ𣡡һæͣ
û£ˣԺҲҪˣ֪𣿲ܷʲô飬ǶСҪ֮һת˵
Ůһ̣ޱȣصĵ˵ͷ
ɣȥüȻͥǾӦðˣȻ㷵վҲٹ˼ʲôһһǣŶŮ֣Ʈɶ𣬷Ҹ֮еĹ
ŮǸԵĿ˿Ƶ֣ȼĪҸ
˵֮ŮֶŮȻǣţ׷¶Щ죬ܿͻָҶû̫飬ΪŮУֻŮŮƵŮˣﱾΪ׼ĺ󹬡
Ůɬ뿪ƣŮߣ¿ɬλ㣡
ûʲôΣհɣס˹µ󣬹ס֡
Ůҡҡͷֵ˵ͷ
ЦһЩС飬ѾˣľѾˣҲȥɣȻҪͥǾ˶֪ǵ
һ֣ʮλŮһͬ뿪Ҹ֮ң֮С
û˲ƣǴṲ̊˳ȥ֮´ͷۡѾһţ֮УۼĲ


550 
ԭľǸһ뿪˰ʯͫ˵ע⣬ѾûˣЩʥ򼶱ĸ޷סľǣľǿǾżˣֱӾʹɱķ
ɱҲеߵģʥ֮µĲɱʥһ
ֱ֮ͥľסѰҸǡ
ʵҲħ壬ӵŰɫǵħ飬ԭǿľǵһ½̫Ӳ߷̫ӵˣһ˵ʱǰ˼Ŀľǣͥ۹Ҳ˶
ټˣȻֱ֣ӾһʹǴ˸
Ҳһ߼Ѿﵽ߼磬ȻǿľǵĶ֣֮£ȼӴ̫֮ʹ͵һǼֵ˰ֵĵ
ͥҪ˵۹λҪҪԣҲȽ϶࣬ϰǣһʮˣͥоʮˣлһĸ߼Ӱλм
ЩˣȫڿնһͬΧɱľǡ
ľǶһ˴սʮλ˿û䵽·磬빬˫޵ʱ򣬿ľǾɱ¼ΪģԷս˸ƽ֣ȴռϷ磬ǵ
ʵڿľ˵вǰе޷ģͰ־һ֮£Ӳӡ
ƴṲ֮̊󣬿ľҲ֣֮ͣ˵Ƶԣ˵ӣ
΢Ц䣬ȡһؽݸ˿ľǣҲһǰǱȱȣ˭
ľǽӹؽֵƣæѪɫҲ֮ϲӴĺȻһɫĲӰ־һ֮£ɫľǣ˵֮Уƽ֮УӰֱǰǡ
һװɫսףһɫ䵶Ƴֵһ̣֪˲ʶƣȴʶʮ֮սƵĸӰʹã۹
ʱҲ֪޷ˣһλɰǣûɫ䵶֮ڣӭſľɵĲӰײ˹ȥ


֮Уɢһһգ֮䣬ͶԻʮΣǰɵĵӰ׹棬صס
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˵ѾﵽλĲãۣƵ˻ˣڲã۶չء
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ԣ˸ˡ
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λмһȻѩˣ۾ɵԲζڲȸڽķ
ָһŻ磬ѩѵ֮󣬵ݸ˶ԷǼҹ͸㣬鰡
мæͷ˫ֲĽӹѩѣ̶ַָסߣһڣлллɩӣ
ݸһЦתطɡ
ŮˣжһЦоǺ棬Ʈɶ𣬸ʮÿ˶һѩѡ
еĴ΢ЦõһллһЩƺǳϰߣһɩӡ
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СħŮɱͥ飬ҲЦѩ֮󣬿һǰλ򣬽ǵŵͷ˶Էϣ֮ճаЦǲǺܹ񫣿
񫣡³֡
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ȴڲţƤЦⲻЦЦţ֪λش
ʱ·һ죺䣡
ǳشݣâ䵽֮Уһ˰ǵΣֻѾѪͷҲһԼ˾ȻڳѩѣµӣǵѪӾȻеĳѩѣ


551 һȷ
ѪȴҲͣΪľѾٴ׷һٶȸޱȣֱӴӰǵĸ
ˣ
ٴοѪε˹ȥ
ʱ·ͥУͷյһС
һȽᣬһŶͨҲɵĳۡ
΢ЦҲһαֻ̽һǲã۵ʵȴ뷵صʱ飬ϸ£˵ǸżǲʧõĿľǣ
үǴˣ뵱ɱˣ
ǸŮΧ£ˣӦþã۹Ϊĵһưɣ
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ΪβãƵ
ǻһߵһŮӽãˣЩŮӵУƺûдﵽģ˿λŮӦò
ү㣿
Ҵã۹ĵһ񽻽֣̽̽ʵҲΪ֮˵۹ã۹׼ɣ΢Ц
үƼΪأ˵Ψһһɹеõˣ
ΪˣҲҪ̽̽Ƿʵһ죬˵۹һͳһǣѵССƣڣǵǸľɱ˰˵
ȻˣūҲȰүˣүǷ񽫴Ϣݻȥ֮ø˹һĻᣬΪǸʱͥȻң
δĶơ
еĳѩѣԽԽԶĽսеĶˡ
Ȼ͸оһЩֲͷ·𱳺͵ԼƵģռ֮չ˲ǳء
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Ŀ֮ʱ·ǶȻ¶˲Ŀ⣬ΪǺʮ
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ܴӰ죬еĵⲻ֪ΪκȻʧˣƣȻǶδĸĸɽĸ纣
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·ϸ¼һĻҲգһɫĲӰ
ŶȥıӰƲƲ죺̫ˣ˵ƺܼͣȲ˶٣
ͬλ񣬶ڵ˵ûʲô̫սǾͨԪذصĸ߼λ񣬻в
ԼԲ㣬뵽˹빬˫֮ʱ꽻֮ԺоͶһµΣ޷ҪĻǾǸжһָжǹ׸ƵģҲǶƵĸж
ȻСţԺ빬ĽڣȻ׳󣬴ʱͷ·δٵĺһ
ԣ
ԵҲһַ
ƿԿ϶ӵһ֣еԣǷ
ӦҲָߵͰɣ񡢰ʰ񡭡ȵȣӦñǸ顢ʰȵȷ򣬲ųΪİɣԺ᲻ΪأͬʱҲһЦϣ˰ɣеǺ֮ࣿʹǷӦҲֻǴһȵķ򣬻Ҳͬһиߵ֣֮ͱǻףͨķӦþи߼ķˣսȽЩһȷΪҪߵö࣡


552 
˵ͻȻҲֻһ˦Ŀ⿴Ѿ֮ܵĿľǺͰǶˡ
ʱĿľǣһ·׷Ŵ򣬶ƾǿסֿӡ
ʹżĸ߼ûֶεĻҲɱһ߼ĸ߼򣡡
ûйãϵսڱ飬ľǻһͷ޴һ¡
߼Ҫɱ߼ֻˣڶĻ߼ƾ֮ٵĻָҪ־ģĥ
ɸߴףǧ׾ǵĿľǣƵ֮һſڣֽ˳ԣ빫Ӱҽɱ
Ƶ˵ͷ̧ƣʹÿռ֮ǰ̶㽫ǳ׵ճɻ
лӣľǻζӴģ̶߰ͷ­һǺɢſһͥĺǣǵ
໡໡໡
Ǻһһӵǵħˣ׷׽ħԺԻع顣
һĻƾ֪ľ֮ͥǷǳӴģ˶ûбͥ
»εĿľǣ˿еѩѵ˵ӣЩˣ
ңһ˵㣡ƻص
Щգٴ¶ηɫβͣղ׵ðǻɢһ֣ѾǶ϶ƶѾﵽ񾳽硣
ľǴʱſ˵ΰĳ췢ģӴԺЧҺҼҹӣôҿǲ
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ĵֻҪƾʹûҵ֮ƥΪ飬˵ܽΪ
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ֻҪƲʹľķ⣬Ҳõɽ
ҪǣɽڿľǵУƾͿʱӦľǵľԽɽٻƵҲܵһʱľǡ
ƲͥҪⰬɯĳûбҲơ
ֻҪһƬƳڵĿҲʹﵽˡ
ľǷֱ֮Ʊ˴ŲƣƬ֮󣬾뿪ֱͥﰬĸϿա
ֻǣƵĿռ֮֮̽ȴȵķǰǸѾʧˡ
壬ҲӰʧ
ʱĸֻۡôļˣƲԣֱŲ˽ȥһձͷǰ
ͷʥ򶼲ǣֻһżħʦһǰһˣȻһЩԾ
㣬Ǹ˶ȥʵ
ߴãŻȻصˣˣ뿪ˣˣǨƵȥˣ
ȥˣĸңƺǲ졣
ҾͲˣ˵һ·ļ˶֪ľĿĵأ
֪ʲôԭ򣿡
˵ĳҪˣǰİװɯţ˵ǵһƵŮˣԺ϶ģ
գȻʧЦɯʲôʱԼŮˣһ룬ɯԼߵŮһȻҪġ


553 ǰ
ĸͼԱȫǨˣã۹ҴɼǶƵη̶ȣͬҲ̫ӿԱǡ
˵Ȼ˼ˣǾͲӦøϾɱΪڵΪҪҵҲǳס
黹Ҫʰɯ
˲뿪ڸ߿յƲ֮ϣƴҸ֮нŮ˳Ŀ˰ɯϣͽһ顣
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ʮ˱նɱĸֵͬ𣬰ɯǺġ
˼ãſ˵ѰЩʣµˣټ֮ѯǵ˼
Ƶ˵ͷҾڰһʱ䣬¯ãԼȥ
лˣɯмĿһƣҲƵݸİ¯С
밬֮УӦвٳ͢ˣ͢ҲԲᰲ֣Ҿоޣһ޷飬ֱôѶң˵
ɯ˵ͷ
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أԹڵΪֻأ
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СұߣƵŮ汧ڻУͺͷȥơ
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ΪģΪߵŮӣϼҹˣǺͺڷ۾ͷ
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ţݵ˵ͷ
һࡣ
ŮĸλͽƸΧˡ
ҿǰϵЦԽԽŨ
ЦʲôôˣˣſƱϵķ̾СԹ
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ԴϣֻҸ㣬ǰǸ磬˭ȥţ֤ᱻٸץҲ飬СţɾǲҴؼңһ͵͵ģ÷̵Թ϶


554 
͵ԣŮͬ³֡
Ҳ֪͵ԣƲˡ
˭֪磬ĸ˲͵ԣܶ˼һȺ檣ɻ͵ԣǸֻȢһţ˻͵ԲؼҰһۡ
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ԴǾͬ⣿ڼԾͲ͵ԣ
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ѵֻʥǵ򣬲Ŀеļ𣿡ưһ
޸ĸƼߵŮҲȻȻûмҵĸо޷Ʒּҵİȫ
Ȼȴ޷һԼա
ǰȻСһϾڼСȴԸоԼģǰȫġ
Ϊλ̬̾
๫ôˣŤͷʵ
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ңϣԲ˶ҸǲΪԼǣΪԼİȫģٻɳɷ޷أٵĺȻĳһԼļ԰١ܶ࡭ĶԶ̶΢Цſơ
ƵͷԼڷ̵ϣѾͷأ
ҵԸ˵ˣĸ˵ԸҵԸ
ô̰ģһڡ
һ⣬Ů˵ô࣬ʵֻ㣺һԼңһǰȫС
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һ£һӵļͥһΪļͥûְȫУ·˻εǲÿ춼Ŀе鱣ԼҪ˻
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ѹܴ֪ŮƵϡ
ڸ˵˵ҵԸţɲǵʲôۣǵ˼ۻʡֻϣŷʥǵ򣬹ķҸǣʥǵȫĵطûûûзħеֻǷˣΪʥ֮磬ʥ˵ıֻСҲֻмʮˣҲսңҲƶࣻҲ͵ߣҲܿѵģҲСȴҵļңһɫһĵطһȴԼ׵Ĺ
˵˵ţ˼񷵻ǰĿҲøңԶĿ⣬ѭеĸӦңԶǿա
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555 һ
ѵŮ˳̸δʱܿ뵽ħ׳еڴˣһ˲ģ꣬ȴ޷ŮԱ
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ŻеĶŮֳ˳Ժͱһ̣Ʒ֣ºͼŮѡĻҲԥѡŮ
һĶͷţůͷصǸ΢ıһһӣɴҲҪһЩٺ١һ뵽δЦ
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๫ˣС
Ҳ๫ˣȥҸ֮棡̵ƺ飬СϸҲ˺Ρ
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ԾŮȴûһԵģǳĬĵͷȥ¶˽֮ɫ
һĻжʱ˷Ȼ뵽ǰС˵еΤĳĳƺ˼߸һ˯ţ
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ŮǱ͹ϣҲ˵ĹΣƺԼƤƼˣҲʹƤһ
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СӣƺֳˣЦ
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ǣƵ˫ҲתȦදţƬ֮һֻСסѩһָֻŷ̵ƽ̹ʮСƣ˫֮䡣
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˳ƽǺΰ걧סȥѾ޷ٵȺĶ֮̽Уůܡ
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๫̣ð㣡̵˫ڿƵĺ󱳣ָ׼С
๫Ҳð㡭Ʊ̵׳־˷ɷ죬Ϊ͵ѩ÷̸ǽҡΡ

֪˶ãѾʼе񹦣һǱΪ̶ɳĲһİķٴλ׳
вϵĴ̵ĺߺŮҲһĻңڣˣҲȥɣ
Ƕȥ๫ܵ𣿡һЩ
ǵ๫Сأ๫Ը͵


556 ๫
๫֮ǰĺ˵գգ۾
ȻϣǶԽȥȻ˫ޣ볢ԳǼ˵궼ݵĸоҲ֪ڵǳʲôķ򣬲ҷ֣ܸ๫ķƺǵĶ๫ĸһµģҶ๫Ǹж๫꽻֮󣬾๫С˸ж
ѽô˵๫껹Ц
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ǣ̤һ֮󣬺Ȼˣץס˰ݵֱۣݣٵһɣһһȥ
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ȽɬŮӣʱ档
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һŮһϲסѾþûк˫ˣǳ볢Գֿʱӿʲô
˯۲û壬ƱڻУоǻĻȣһ˾ͶƵĻ
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ء
ƵĸţҲȫĵͶ˽ֱƵǳ֮УźȻ֣·˹һˮڴǳŲ
ʱ䣬Ȼʱ䣡ƾȵķ֣Լʱ䣬ռƿԶɾͣǣȱʱ䣬ǿռҲʹһЩһȷҲԲɳ
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ϵںϣҪϵĽϸ˳ԣĽӴֻΪãͨĽӴʹﵽãӶ֮ϵĽӴԱˡ
ͬʱķ̣ɳƵ֮УвϷߺһ㡣
еķȴ࣬ȫԷֳһרһչ˷ּ̣Ҳֻٷֳһˡ
뿪ڣƱֱӱ˹ӡ

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˵䣬ƾҸѹסŮȻſ
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֣Ѿ֪÷ˣӷ̵Ųֱַ֮͹ѩסһ΢΢ץࡣ
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ϲѾߺգĸܶԼ۴ѾˣͶƵĻʹ๫ҡ


557 ʱ䷨
ƲٵȺֻоһͷѩɽĹ֮У֮䣬ζ
ѾȫĵͶУ˫ֺݺݵץסƵĺ󱳣βͣ๫
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๫㣡סƵĲӣỬѩ𣬲ϵƵĻĦš
ȫͶ֮Ƶ굱Уû˿Ľ٣û˿ıȫȫĽƣأ㰲
һ̣ɴ֮ȻǴɫȴû˶
Ʒֻ֣ҪڣҪĽϸ˿֣Ů֮䣬ﵽʱݵľ磬Ҫ˳ʱľսɳˡ
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ҲȷʵˣһЩͨɾ£ûϵĽӴֻϵݣ˿ص꣬ãҲܸ֪ͨģȻֱãΪλҪͨһؿ
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һжΪжʮ˸ħ񣬲ңЩܻһС
ҲͬʱŮ˫ˡ
İǸжƺһԣӦþĸ׾޸Լһƺʱʱ̿ԼףԼͬҲܹĽ㡢ĸԼ֮ԴԼߵÿһŮ˶ѺãǰݵҵϺʲôΪʲôһּ͵ĸоģ
İжģеĻ°ɣʱˣƿĸоԼеʱӿ࣬ʱ
ּ֪ܲܽʱ䣬ùϣư֮󣬾ʹ÷ʱ簬ǵһ򾳽ĺ´̡
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һգɯȻѶϢ͢˴밬һа˸ųĺˣǸ߼򾳽硣
ͬʱͥĿľҲѶϢ͢ʮежĵ˶ȥˡ
ϢƲû⣬ֻ̫ɳ򣬸˺ˣ෴ᱻˡ
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ֲԸ˫˳ǶСģԼȥ
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š
ã۹̫ȴ޷˫ޣڹ֮͢УټǰȥľͰھ顣
еڶĵǺۡ㣬ھΪ׵һƤڵ̫š
˶̫Ӵ̫һˣǲãλ߼Ѧ
̫ӣǿľһǧ׵ĽɽӦģڶ˵
ɯŮﻹһһ¯Է棬ҵĺü¶ֻˣǳų̫˵䣬Ŀɱʮ㡣


558 
ûг֣̫ӲķûԼˣʳԼɻ
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üͷ£͢ƺҲԸƣȴ̽ƺǸŮ˵ĵϸϢ֮󣬲Żɣ
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֮󡭡
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գѦԼͬʱ֣ΪǲûзƣԲŸ¶档
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ƶôԹķΧж㣬ֻҪռ飬һйޡ


559 Х
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汳ĿռըѣһĲС飬Ȼ󱻰ռ֮еķ顣
ƵĹҲȫ˰ռ֮С
һ̣ƾ͸оߴһХ̶ֱִڣڿռ侹Ȼƾըѣѷ죬Щ಻гص
ʶƾ֪ãֽҸ֮׳Ҹ֮棬ӿһ˲串ֱ֦ۡ档
򻯳һĲӰϵĴ֮ķ϶ÿһŲܴ
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㽫壬ҵڣԣƼ
˵ͷæ뿪ȻƵڣ̶ʶˣûһ֮С
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ֻ޷ʱҲΪÿһڵѩңʹñǰķӰǡ
ԣ˼ں϶ʧˡ
๫Բ𣬲СЩƺԼʧ
Ĵ๫Ҳһȥɣ취ƽҸ֮С
ʱ棬עƶͷǹ㡣
ҾͲʹַʹַ޷Ӱ㣬İǰģ㲻ΪУģ˺㣬㲻ҪκεĵִҲڸж㣬ҸԼҲкܴģȴת䣬ԣġġ
Ƶַ֮͸ͷĹͷųĹâ棬ϵڣ·Ի
̬ԽԽͣסѩӵ֣Ҳɿˡ
һϢѩȻѩĴơ
һסססԽԽԽԶؾͿȺ塣


560 Ҫ˫
ಡ
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٣һЩĶ֮ĶȻԶһ£ǳԵĿ˲ͻָϣĶƣһѩѾ֮ڡ
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Ҫ˵һоûУǿ϶ǲܵģϾƵĲϵͳõģģͱ̬Ļ棬Ǹж
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562 ޼
ӣľĵһ۾Ϳƣ֮Ƿǳĸж
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Ԫذأ׺Ϊأջƣа̾һȻﵽ˼𣬿޷֪Ԫصܡ
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һɫƥѾԼ˲Ѿˣֻʹÿռ֮֮γһ֣֮ͼɫƥɡ

ռ֮ײ˰ɫƥϣɫƥֱӱ飬Ʋǣƥû뿪ճҺ壬ճԼĿռ֮ϣһռ֮ڣճҺȻŽڡ
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564 ѿ

Ʊ˸ţֻоּΪͬƥճҺһ㣬ȴ޷룬˲ƶˡ
Ҫˣֻһλ񾳽磬λԪذصĹ㣬ˮˮ֮ˮְ֮ؽ϶ɵмˮ֮һմϣͲģƵǰһ
ʲôˣѾһˮĤȫ͸ˮĤֳ˳ǸŮ
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ȻҪţҾͱǰɣǻȸãҵݣǿȥħ׳ȥѯȸķǷǣǻҵĽȸȥͨɣ
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̫ʦǰ޼ϵļˣȸ͵
Ҳ֪֪ܵ𣿡ȸװԺĿƣ̶ֿѩ򣺡ʱһɹȻǾͷֿˣɹҲѾʧûл𣿼ʹûлʲôϵ𣿡
㣿ǣмΪŭҪû˿ԸȸİգͳˣǲҪǣΰİ޼ļ֮أǻҲ޷֣
ΣǨ뿪ҧҰƺ
ǨƣҵҪȥǰ޼壬ȥһģѩ򲻷˫ֱ󣺡ΰİ޼ϣǾԲսģŮˣΪʲôϽȥ磿ٲȥС񷣽
ô˵㻹Ǻݵˣȸηһ


566 ȸ뿪
Ƹźȵǣһǣ˵ǰ޼壬ʲô֤ݣ˵ˣ޼ʲôΪʲôҺҽû˵
ʲôǸ˵û˵ΰİ޼壿ŭȵҲȻ
ôˣһ˵Һҽ㶼ˣΪʲôû˵
ǶǣԷ˶ܲ죬ǣΪƣܴﵽλľ磿
ôҵѾ˼ˣû˵
ꣿ㼸ꣿλ񣿡ѩٴβ
ôҺ𣿡ƺܲ⡣
˵ϣ˵ᣬ㼸λ񣿡ѩƺо޷ͨ
λʲô˲ҽ㡭ƿ˿ȸҽڳĴԲλ񣡡
Բѩ𾪵Ķſȸ
ȸһ֮ɫ˵˵ɣľĿʲô
ȻǴԲλǾ͸Ӧǣץʱȥɣھ壬ϱѩһԲλѾ㹻κˡ
Ӧĳһλķɣȸһ
㣿ˣ
ҿ뿪ǣҵܱܵ˺˵İȫҪõֻ֤ҪܴӦҿ뿪ȸ˵䣬ҲĿƵϡ
ͻȻһ㣿Ҫߣ
ȸ˵ͷȥ磬ȷʵҵУһ㣡
˵꣬ŤͷˣܷӦ
õҴӦܵѡˣǻ˭ɱѩм
ҵܵܵˣȸ׷ʵ
ķڷҰ޼岻ΥԼģ飬ԣ޷ӦǱҪȥģ
ãȻˣھȥã۶ԼȫնɱȻȥ磡ȸŭ
㣿ѩü
ţǿԴӦ㣡ǴӴ򴫹ģѦͨϵ
˿ŵĲᣬ˿ȸĺݻ۶ԡ
ǴӦǲã۴Ӧ
ǴӦ͵ǲã۴Ӧ϶
ȸŤͷ˿ơ
ƿ˵ô죿ͥأ
ѵռݰͥѦʡ
ȻҲͳƬ򣬵ҵļȴҪã۹ҶͳΣԳһɹ鰢޼ܣӴԺã۹ǺھӣҲǱ֤Բͼıã۹طΣ
ԳһѦĬˣΪ飬޷𸴵ġ
ⱦȴҲܱȫҵȫˣǼңҿԽȫսȥҲΥʲôĹ涨ȴҲɱԼҵˣã۹ް⣬ٸ㣬ɱʮһûأˣƵģκ˶Ȩǵжƶ˶еơ
һȣҪͲãѶص
û
ȡһŴѶ飬ѶϢ˵һ顣
Ǳ߲ûйãʹͬѶϢ
ŵͷ˵ãѾͬˣ
ô׾ͬ⣿ЦȻͬˣǰ޼λǲǿ֤أ
ǲκι֤ҲԲκηԼĻش
ַǵΪҪһֱڲã۹Ļʹţ̫ӵʦʵ
ֻѡһפأͽ֮£ֻ˽˵飬޹أŷҲΥ涨ķ׾ڳѵ㻹ĲãԸ㣿֪ĻǼٵģѩ翴׳һɨơ
ƳĬˣһУʵģﲻǿȸȸ뿪
ȸ΢ЦſƣСƣûϵģʲôʱȥ磬ͨǣȥǶа취뿪ǻǻټģ
˵꣬ȸȻֱӽƱ˻УĵĽǷظţۻҲƵĶϣŬһԳΪµĴۣݺ£
ȸ˫ӵơ
Ƶ˫ǴֱµģʱѾ̧𣬱ס˿ȸĺ󱳣ĬĬԡ
þãȸ˫ۣǳĽëȴЩ飬ֻ˲Զʧƿƣ˵Ȼȥ֮ǰһҪȥħ׳ǣȥһҵĽ㣬ԣͲͷǵģһֱ뿪ǣ
ûлش
ȸпһƣڷɶȥ
ʶ㡭Ʋĺһ
ȸŤͷһЦҲ֮ʧ

ȸˣƵҲÿնˣ˵ȸǿɽѡһֵԼʱʦ
һȴûˣǱǰ˸ߵģʲô޼壬ʲôƨ磬Щƨθʣ


567 ֲһ
ڿȸıӰʧãƲŽĿѩϣǻʲô𣿡
㲻ضɣ㲻֪˴Ŵе۴㵽ĸطҪ֪ͨĸطļˣΪƬļˣȨǷܼѩʵ
㲻Ҫ̫ΪԼͺ˲ѵ㻹Ҳһͬߣߵ
ֻϣ㰴չذ£ΪãԱȥ磬Ƣ²֪ҪɱٴˣʹҲ㣡ѩ
ǾͶлˣֿѦǶλǲǿ뿪ˣ˲ã۵ĳŵͥУƿ˵
ѦʱĵѾָֻˣȸһߣǸûн̫ϡ
Ѧ˵ͷǲΥŵԣսʱ˵ˣУȻǳǵˣǲǸ÷سأΰİ޼ܵĵط
˵꣬Ѧֿѩλΰİ޼ǰǵ˼
ѩδĿֱƣƣȻƣҲ׷ڴ˵Ĺϣȥɣ
ǣЦǺǺǡ̫Ҽǵһʦ˵ʱνļƺ涼û¶ɣúúãǲݲҽȫǨأ
Ҳ֪ȸһߣԼҲ⼸˵Ķ֣վ
ǨߣȻԣѩƺҲû׵ԼĹϽ֮ء
ǾллˣǼҲӦ˰ɣֿ˿Ѧˣ
ȻᷴԣѦǰͲƸϿ뿪
ƺݺݵĵ˵ͷҾǵõһƬë֮أ
һ̧֮ռ֮ɢ˷Բʮ֮ء
䣡
һ촫˾ͷһԲʮĵƾ𣬼̶ٻƵŲƶ
ԲʮƬ֮䣬㻯һӰǸɽǾ룬ǳǳػ壬߿з½ޣȻһ֮ϡ
㣿ѦĿɿڴ
ѩҲԼ۾
˿ڣԲʮʮ֮ϵĵ棬ȻȫץУʲô¶û˱£˭ܽ˹ϣ
Ҳûмκһռϵһ֡
ˣɫƽĿʵֻڿռȴҲڲţΪĿռ֮Ҳóˣо˴֣ҲޱȣҪһᣬҲȽϼѣڼš
ƣ㲻ôһ޼ƬļˣܵʲôܵľˣرЩرɫˣҪ磬Ϊ壬Ϊ޼
ѩ򣬼һĻ֮жǸ˺ܴĲˣΪλᱻǵ磿Ϊλһȸʦ
ˣӦǰ޵ģĻԼļͺпܻһռ֣˵ܶһ񼶱
˵ƣߵǸԲλ񣬾㹻ˡ
ǸɵǸʲôģѩüһ
ôղ˭Ӧģңҵĵ̣ΪβôҲֻҪһǨߣҪҲǨƣôһǲã۹ģǺܺ𣿲ǲҲҪĵģȻһмʧأ
Ʒ֮ҲҸ֮ңе˽ȥŻ̫ۣѾ޷ˡ
ңѦĺӶˡ
㿴ҸҲңƶΣ壬Цɨһۣμ۶ȥ
ţվסѩٺһ
ţֹͣΣʵλôˣѵ㻹Ҳɣ
Ҳô
ѵΰİ޼ˣҲ˵㻰Цһ
ҪҰ޼壬ҴӦԽǨߣѩɫɷס
ƶ˶еƣеˣҵ˺ˣȻǴӦΪηԣ
㣿ǽƱ磬˶ˣѩһЩ
ʲôǶǸԸߵģҿԽٵȻʣǲһˣҶݵģݵݵݵݣ
㣿ѩʱʲôݣĻ綼һˣõŷôҲһˣһЩĺ
ֻ֮һˣǾǻ֮񿨶˹˹һ˷ܳе˿ڣѵһˣ
ԣѩϵû취㷨ġ
˹൱ɽ̹һɽֶ̹


568 ķ˿
ΪѡˣҰ޼޷κ㣬ǲᱻϿɵģѵҪм壿ѩ˫˸˱ĺ⡣
ôҲǱǱƵģȥͶˣǣֲֻ㰢һ壬ŻԸҵģοﻹˣ
ʲô㻹ȥͶ壿׾ͬ⣿ͬ⣿ѩ򲻽
ػʲô飿Ҳ׾ͽܣĵӣıѾӦңһ԰ΪʦȻͶˣ
˻棿׷һ
Ȼ
ѩ໥Ŀһۣ¶ʮַѽĿ⡣
Ұ޼㣬ǻҲᷴԣʦ׾Ҳᷴԣѩʵ
٣ʲô˼ңΪңҾͻͶǣղ˭ߵģôֺƤҪ£ңΪǽлӰ񿴰׳һĶŶˡ
㣿ңǣѩɫͱñ˪֮˿޷Զ
ƵȴӰһ紵ʧޡ
ˣٺһܵ𣿡
һ֮Ȼ˿ռ䣬һ̤룬ŴӶʮ֮ĿռʱƸպýһ˲ƣһһˮɫƥƼȥ
һοɾͼСģǰɫƥճԼϣҲռ䣬һ̤ռѷ֮ڣ̶ٴƿռ䣬ٴ˲ơ
ѩȴ׷ʳָ΢΢Ȼʮɫһ˿ߣ˲Ͷ˿ռ֮ڣ֮ʱʮ˿ͻȻĿռƵĺ󱳡

ʹһˣս׸޷
ֻоϷ·ʮ룬ԼʮѨλڿռеʮǹ㣬ʹڿռ֮˲ɥʧˣ޷ת
ͬʱȴһγԣ˫ְǰһɫճҺ壬һ㣬ͬڵѪ⡢ǣһͬ
㣿ǣƵ֮λȻ˿ֲߵĻᶼûС
ɾʱһֱеƺȻ˱仯˲ѱ䣬Ƚ̶ְɢȫ·һɫˮס

ɫճҺ屻ױ飬ʮɫ˿Ҳնϡ
ת˲ͻָɡ
𾪵ĶԼϵףԸоҪԼӰȫ֮У˿õĻᱻռ䡣
ףüͷĶơ
ѩҲѾ˲ƶΪԴҲǳ˽⣬һ۾ϳ׾ı׾ľʯܼס
׾Ԫһϵ񣬵ȴΪϡٶǿľԪأ˵Ϊ̣ȴҲŵǰˡ
˵ԪذһصУӼԪطİزγɣекļԪذصĽϣȴ֪
Ƽ˶ֻڶԼûٴιĴ㣬Ҳᣬٴ˲ƶȥ
ѩһۣȴûз׷ǲٹȴһֱš
ǿóݵķǳǣǣҲǴȥĵطȻǳǵˣбҪúõ̸̸ˡ
һ·Ӷȥʱ֮ƾ˳Ͽգбһʦҡ
˸㣿׾ƾճƵԣʶչܿͷٷѩ
ѩ򣿡׾ƺʶԷ
㣬ּˣѩޱ顣
ΪҪ׷ɱҵĵӣ
ѯ֮ǰǵ㣬ΪιȻΥ涨ȻԼĵΪȡڷˣ
ˣ׾ɻĿơ
Ҳͽ齲һ飬ȴֽ͵ʦҽҵ˶֮󣬲Ž˶ߵģǾȻϣѵ˵ΰ󰢲޼ѵ޼ˣ˲سŵſںԣ
ƣٸҰ޼壿ѩĲӿ
Ƴ˶ԷһۣЦ׳գֲñ˶˵شԣ
㣿ѩķٷ裬ÿһ˿϶һ˿ٵƴȥǵء
ס֣׾һĻֱ̧ۣƼնֳһǽڣЩ˿УȻȫ౻ճסˣֻ΢Ųȴ޷롣
ء
˿ѣ˲أѩٺһ׾ĳҪ忪ս𣿡
ѩ˻ˣƵǲǰģȻѾΪַڣ׾Ȼ֪׸ȻѾˣͱҪš
ѩʱԣȴɫͨ죬ֱ
⣬ãѾӦƵļͳȴɱȡǸûаҳǵ˵£һͻˣ飬ʹֵҲ£ʱˣǰ޼ѹˣΥŵΡ


569 ˽
Ҫ˵ˣ׾ҪƱ磬ֻҵǨߣˣƼΪĵӣǾǰˣҪĹذ£Ұ޼ֻܺ׾սˣѩһ֮ɫʮֱ䡣
׾գüͷ壬ıȻ񣬵Ǻ͸ٹ̵İ޼һĲ࣬ҲһΪﰢ޼壬ʹ˹Ҫ޼һ档
˿ƣ׾˵Щ˶Żȥ
ʦҿ԰Щ˷ŻȥãӦ֮£ұҪƣԳһƼԼľ
ȻãѾ̸ףھ֮ˣ壬İɣ޼ǲԤҺͲã֮ģ㱾֮ˣ񱣻Լ˰ȫã۹ȥʹҲ˵ͨȻŰ޼ֵŵģ˵Ķ𣿡׾˵꣬ѩ
ѩ׾ĿͣƺҲֵ̫䲻һǾ仰淲˵۹֮飬Ұ޼񣬶밴ҼĹ涨£ò뷲֮飡
ߣֻǲܶʥµķ˳ǰɣԼҿԴӦϾģ໥¾ӦòΥ涨ɣƷʵ
Ȼ
ǲãڻǵ۹Ļʵۣλΰİ޼Ҫδ
ʣȻᴦãǴ̫õģ
Ʋʲôˣó׾԰޼ҲȽϼɵƺкܸߵĵλһʱ̻ǿԵģƣҲΪԼ̫ǣ˶Ҳֻевζð޼ͲããǴĴߡ
ôˣڻ޷ôߣÿһɵȻԪأ޷ܣĵλúǣ޷ġ
װźԥĵ˵ͷȻˣһὫԭⲻķξǰ޼һΣ͢ҪɱңϣҲã۹ܵǰ޼ıӻ
ѩ޺޵ĵһۣڼȿƣղŻҪӣҪƴӣھȻԼӻǲҪ
˶ܵ˵Ϯ˭Ҳ޷ӵǺΪ֮ɣյ飬ˣ׾ҪסҰ޼ȻϲսǻҪսĻҰ޼ҲûʲôµġѩԱ֮ƿռ䣬̤롣
ٴεһۣҲ֮뿪
սѵ׾ǲɣ׾һ
ȴԣصԼֻСĪ
Ȼ׾û˶Թԣ˵޹أ
ʦ׺£Ʒʡ
ҸոյõѶ֮һ˹֮Ħ˹Ԥԣ罫һѣӴ˽罫Ҫд·׾̾
񣿡ɻ
񿨶˹֮ǣԨ˹ڰ˹ҹŮ˹˹Ƕ֮ģҲΪĦ˹Ǻҹ˹ĶӣҪ˹ߣ׾͵
ءڰҹѵտʼʱûջ߹𣿡ɻĵɽ絮Ĵ˵ͬҲкܴĲͬ
֮һƬպ͹ֻдأŵ˹ǴǵĶӣЩԺȥ磬Ȼ֪һλ棬ǳ棡
Ƶ˵ͷȷʵˣ̹֮ҲûգֻǱ̹ÿ츫ˣ
ǲԴأٴʵ
࣬Ǵԣĸȳ֣˭֪أֻд񿨶˹֪ɣӦһ壬涼ġ˵磬ǲʺκģ˵ˣЩ飬֪Ҳûʲô洦㣬㽫˿ڶȥˣ
˿ռˣ
Ȼˣģ׾ʵ
ʦղ˵Ľʲô˼üͷ
ֻ˵񡢴񡢰֮ȵȣȴû˵񡢸ƭ񡭡ȵɣкþлдСǣСеᶨܵѣ棬ζ˲㣬ֹˣҲҪУ˷ʤû˭ֹˣ
ôô෨򣿡ƳĬˣΪǵԼռ䣬֮ǰѾѡԼ룬ǽռʮּ븴ӣڿСˡ̫ˡ


570 ĸ
һ棬ֻаġʱ䡢ռ䡭హ
ͬǴһӡ֮Ϊˮˮ峺ȴ޷㣬޷
ˮ㣬ͽ䱾а˵һжɲְɣƸ̾һֶʶһֻҲоԽ˽棬ԽоԼС
˶˵Ҫѧϰмο󺣺ȣҲֻǲ׺һڡ
Ƶĸ̾׾ǴĿƣǾ㵵ӣ㶵û뵽Ȼ˸ʦеĿ࿴ˣ
ʦ˵Цˣֻижʦʲôʱܽ΢Ц
˭ұֻ֤еȵЩ֮֮󣬲Żɡ㽫˶˵Ҳһˣ׾ɫ
ʦҲһֱ˰ȴûǸ£һֱ棬˰ܲ˰ÿʱÿյеӾȻȥˣ˶Żԭ˵
ˣʹû˺һˮƵҸ֮Ҹܴܵѹռ֮еֲԹӦֻܴգʱƿԳܣʱԽƾԽϢĸо
ȥɣ飬ԺÿһǶҪˣҶΥĹ涨ŴͰ˴໥ලģǲκƻеĹصģһǰиˣΪƻеĹأսȨűĴ׶ɱ
ۣһ˵Ŀе֪죬΢ԥһ£ʦܸܲҸܹڷĵ̣ѵǶŴܣ
ҸҵطȥôĵطǣҲװ£ôֲ뽫Щ˶Żȥˣ׾üͷ
ǣΪԺ㣬ҪһӰȫĵطΪ׼ҲԼ·һȥأʦǼ֮أǲд󺣣Ʒʵ
ô㽫˶ŵϣ˶֮أȥõѡ񣡡׾˵ͷ
ΪʲôҪô˵ˡ
ֵ֮ܵΣա֮֮ŭķ;ȥɣ
֮л
Ȼ󺣱Ȳ½СǿɲֻǷ˵̣ҵطܸ㣬ǾǼ֮صĹľǺľľʥأϽԸƽģҲǳıӻԺʱȥ￴
񣿡ƳĬˣȻ뵽橱橱ҲǹԪеأ֪ʱͻƵλľ硣
ң֮صĴлһ񣬶Ҳų⣬½ػǴ󺣣õѡ񣡡
ȻˣҾлʦˣ
ôʦһҪ㣬ҵıȻԪصİˣͺúҲʦʧ
ʦģͽھߣͽһ󣡡
˵˵ɣ
ͽһܣͽԲô󣬵һصܲܲһʦĳǳĻҲܾ˵ʦ̣ƵĿʮֳϿҡ
ʲôԲô󣿡׾ȵ
Ƶ˵ͷ
׾գ´һƣͽܣܸܲң㻹ʲôģ
һЦͷ񻹲ӣ
׾ɫʱˣ̧Ƶͷôһ£СӣҪӣҪЩŮ˸ʲô
ٺ٣Ǹʦʵģʺӣ۽ɨһ׾¶İԲѩס
ȻҶʦ񣿳ıӵ㣿׾װźǷŭӵơ
ʦĺܰҼŮģʦӦˣ
Ȼ£ʦʲôܴӦģ飬òҪñ֪׾ƺûΪƵҲ¶˼ֵЦݡ
ʦľǣֻҪ㲻˵֤κ֪ʦԵƬ̣һֱӴŲƶȥڳǸǸдĿռȡء
׾ӹ֮󣬾̽Уſ˵Ķǲкܶࣿ
ʦֻҪͽԸ⣬ҪپͿж٣ʹǼ֮ĴͽҲܲó
׾̬࣬ѵǿռһϵı𣿡
ʦͽھ͸ˣռԵѪ
׾˵ͷһѪҺռڣȥ޼ܴ󣬵ȷʵ㲻Ҫ̫ڵжˣ
ʦİɣҲɵЦЦ
֪ʦ׾һơ
ƹһЦ˲ƶȥ


571 Ůɽ
һ·򶫣Ҳû̫ڼǰһʱ֮һƬɽشƽλ檵
ƿȼŮЦǲǸö׽ˣǻ
๫ҶɽˣҪˣЩԹһ
ţ
๫ǵԺħɣ
΢΢һЦʲô๫ʲôõģˣ๫зʹħҲ÷ңǻûдﵽŽٵľɣ
ûҪԿ֪ŮΪߵǷ̣ǽȻ๫˵Ҿȶɽ٣Ƕ
һЦֽŮҸ֮ңԼҲҸ֮档
գֻʣ·һˣֻ̧ͷ죬Ӵȫ򿪡
ò˵Ƕ׵磬ֻҪʵѹеϢٶѸӦǡ
Ҫ磬ɼ׽ٿǼΪеģûֶΣʲôʱɽپʲôʱɽ٣
һ˷̵ϣ̾Ůս壬壬ǹƲ㡭
һ
һֱڰ˴׽ֹ֮ͣУת޸Ĵˡ
̲ûеȵھŴ׽٣ħ׽٣ҲΪǵġ
ֹͣڶɽٰ˼磬൱İ˼
Ҹ֮ҺŮһһȥˡ
ǵΪΪƵ˫ޣĸ죬ټǶԷҲĸΪȻǴǼ׽һɡ
ݣŮҲɹĶɹ˵ߴף൱߼ò˵ΪֲͷһѾǰ˼򾳽硣
͹ҲǱΪϵ׽٣õصϿϣɽ弶硣
һĻҸ֮еŮҲǼѣȻһЩĽ
ƶҲѾµļƻʱһɹǻʹ֮ڣֲŴɲҩڵΪһЩɵЩŮȫ߼򲢲ѣпƳֿԱꡢԸħɵǾòˡ
żŮһһȫͻƣƵкȻ뵽˼ˣһ游һ
ʱƻ˼ҵĻ͵͵׬˼ұˣѾԤ˼ҵš
ΪҲﵽ򾳽磬Ҳ˶һֻ֡ûɣǼƽʱҲֻһЩɼҵڤ
ҲɺĸһЩֵϵǲͬģ־񡢾ͨԪذأȴǵ
Ʊȴз˵ܸԪеİأڵֻҪڿռȹ̱ɣ޵Ǭ
ҲûлӴǰѧϰĶѾˣ֪ɹдϣֻûüȥ鿴ѧϰ
ŮƵ࣬˫֮ҲܸӦӦķֻҪΪﵽ񾳽֮󣬱ͬһˡ
Ů֮Ŵǣһ֮ͬأҸ֮нץУÿռ֮Ŵ˿ڣԭλϡ
ͨǵλá
㣬ƽԼĸĸɽҲˣľǡɯѧҲڡ
СƣΪ£𲻽ⷴʵ
ҸְɣȻãѾͬǳңǾͱҪѸ£ƽ͵
𣿡ɽȾ˫ضơ
΢Це˵ͷ
СƣһҪɽ֪ѾҵλѾ޶ҡĿܣ˶ӣ˵Ƿϲ
ҲӦƶɽ
ҵɽɵۡ
ҵǳɹˣ
Ҫ֣ɽѵת˵СƣΪʲôҪҵΪβܵ
Ϊ粻ҵңҪûʱȥЩ飬ҾȷͥĸпľǵΣĸɰɯҲʱ򻹸ˣ
ƵĿɨˡ
ľǲûκεľȣɯѧȴһЩ졣
˶óƵĻѾӹˡ
һ㣬ǸأǱҪεץٴһ
Сƣ˵ɣҪô죿ֱԵ
ã۹϶ưոݣ򾳽ʱҪ뿪ɣȫǣ㴫Ѷˮ˿ԷǸˣ˳㽫ħ޴Ҳפͥƿ˵
ɽ˵ͷھʹѶǣ
Ҳȥ׼ɣһʱҴչأѾ²ƻ



572 
˷׷ȥҲŸĸһͬ뿪ˣͨ㣬ֻʣŮơ
˵̡ݣŮΧ£Ƶߡ
๫һ˫ްɣƵĻС
𣿡
ԣŮĶơ
Ŀ⣬Ƶ˵ͷŮܣ׷ױ˫ͽ̽Ƶڡ
ֻǷֳ񣬽ŮͰ
ֻǣ˼֮޷ͨڣƼ֮΢΢һЦһֱסЦһˣǲżԺǵΪˣʱˣ
ǡ㣬֮ٽǣ¶Щʧ
Ƶ˵ͷ̸Ц䣬ͱһͬȥҡ
û˿ķԣƵĻҲûɬֻҸĶƣС䣬ڵķǿ֮ǲǾܶԸѦˣ
ӦûᣬҴҲеһ
˷ɵƴ֮ϣƵĻţĿԣǧǵĴѾһ
ˣƵ˫Ѿḧ
ģϵ·ѾʣƬƣǼ֮ʱ˾һĲ
ΪʲôΪʲôףԴڣΪʲôôֱأ
Ĭγɵġ
ãţƵı䣬պϳ˶糺죬޳ȣƵϡ
һֱֻıһֻֻڲϵѩץ֮󣬲ƶסǺΣ΢΢һ·֮ѾĽڡ
š๫͵رסƣֻо屻˲궼ʵޱȣ·ǿ֧Ҳ
Ҳĸоܣ΢΢Ų壬ĸоֱ꣬˵ǶˣֻǵӵаȫУܷĵ밮˵ڡ
һͬʱƵüҲ֮ɢһâڣꡣ
Ѿȫԡڰķ֮ڣ˲Ҹ˼㣬νҲԽԽڲ֪ԶϣͨǰĹâƵڣƵһ֮ڡ
˲䣬ƾ͸оڵĿռȻǿնԶתţʱ䷨ٴγ֡
ǿʮ־ϲ˫Ƭ֮󣬱ֽ̽˽
๫ˣһֱ֮Ӿ˵ƵĻС
ͷһһĹâ
๫ֻоĵ׵ҸƵĻ
Ʋûмڽ⿪·ֻ˫̽죬һֻ䣬һָ¾סǷͦѩ
ûйã̾βϵƵĥţԼ⿪ˣֱһ㣬ƵϣԶ׳Լ塣
ƽڵһ˲䣬̵ѾԶ壬ŰĹâǣƵڡ
ܿ˫޳ɹһ
һΣֻʹ˫ӷǣûнڣѾҸĽƵꡣ
ǰݣһΣƸˣֻǽݱڻУǷĿ⡢˫ֵĸ㽫ݵǣ
ͬʱ˫޳ɹڱѾӵַ򣺷̸İǸжһķ
˫ʱʱ䣬ڸĥ
ƵķŮ˫ޣעѾȫʵ廯Ĵʥϣľ׻нˮ𣬵ƾĴʥ飬ƾ㹻ﵽ񾳽ˣǶʮޣƹƣÿںϵԪذأﵽλ񲢲ѡ
ֻڵĻҲͬ΢ıߣ޷Ԫеİء
Ҫ壬Ȼ֮Ĵʥ߶ʮޣԶͬԪذˣ
һ֮ĴʥȻ壬һ޴̣Ĵʥǿʼϵĵȼǹ㣬ʼڶġ
һֵ֣ɽüĵĲɫԲȻɽ֮ϡ
ɽֻǵʹ÷ʼޱߵĴ󰮲ϵС
ޱߡɽ˰ķɽ
㽫ɽһȥɽ㹻Ĺºͳ֮Ȼﵽʱãе޷֮ȡ
Ϊɽаķ
һĶãڼɽͬʱʶռеĲǹҲڲϵķжģӼͣǹж˷򣬽ͺ״ﵽļ
Ҹ֮Ҳڲϵǳռиж򣬼˸жҸ
¯еСյػͨΪ츣ټ򣬵ȼȻ


573 
Ů˫ޣڼΧͬʱɿԷעͨˡ
ͨҪμƵһ񰵵š
ʵڲַ֪ͨͨСڲռм
ʱ䣿Ȼ뿪޷ʱ䷨򣬿˫ޣܵʹʱ䷨ôܼͨ
ͷһϲͽڵʱ䷨ɢȥͨʱ䷨֮С֮С
ͨм൱мλ񣬱ӵżߵԣӵеľƣֻȻȴ޷ӳȫ
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Ҫã۹ΪԼ֮£Ѿ˴Ǵ½رͥ۵飬ơ
·˶Ѿ֪ѾﵽԲã۲Գһ
ܿ죬Ѿ
֣֮һжΪΪͨŮ֪ƵıƣԾȡ֡
ɽȻˡ
ˣҲ˶ΪףȻǸϲá
һϲһǡ
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ʮУеһĲϵ⣬;˶ڣ졣
⻹Ѧλ߼һЩų׹ʹ
һĵȴǲķǲã
ãں˴룬ҲҪڵʱȸûº֡
ķڲã´֣ɫΪء
ãɫһŵҸղѾ밢޼̸ˣʮ֮ڱҪǰ磬ԣԺֻܿˣ
ΪβܶͨڼգΪβȥ磿ķü֪ԼĸһɽһȥΪ߼Ǻס·Щ󳼵ġ
ֻλ񣬲һǳǵˣӵƣʹǰ޼壬Ҳ⽫ɱҲõǣôڣã۹ǲⷢģã˵գĿҲ˾Ŵ
·ģҵã۹Ŵͬ
ܺãã˵ͷֿѦ棺λ͵ܣã۹ͽˣ
磬Ƕ˶Ŭȷã۹ĸֻǣҪȥӦңҵ
ߵλ㲻Ѿȥֻʣһˣ֮ǰһᾡܵĽȥ
磬һֱǱ֮УǺѽɱģңлƣ˵
ǺǺǣ飬Ѿ׼ˣ˹ѾҴЭ飬ֻҪǸҳȥƣԸǶͥͳΣٽ͸ǣֻһУ⻹аڽ͢ˣ֮
޼𣿡׵Ѧüʵ
񣬶˽Ѿʼ඼Ҫ棬˶һЩӦ٣ӶԼ޼ǿӲҪάϣʵȴ˶һЩԣǲĹʴµģã͵
˽ѵƱǲã۹һ٣ķص
ܣ˽١١Ҳй١ѭͬϲһ˿ɶ㣬ȵӦ֮˰ɣ
ɷԸǣķʡ
ãҡҡͷǶҵͲᣬƽǵ˶ϳǶãò˸о֣Ƕ׼֮һٴȥǣһǸƣ
磬ǸŮѾ٣㲻üڳͷȥһƣг˱֮⣬һǳֲķݣҲСӣȽʵɱˣǰɱ˵
ã˵ͷ̶˰֡
ȸˣŴˡ
ֻǲüͷȴһֱţصӡ
˲ã뿪ʱ򣬲ãȻؽ£
ͷһɻ£
мҪ㣬˵㡢ԼһͬģһͬԸڽ͢ˣˣǷ֪䣿
֪һͬع֮󣬱һֱھޣǶ˵ȥҲûд
ܷһ£ƵǺֹϵ
ƾȹϳǳǺͰڽ͢Ҫɱңƾµң
ǵҪɱ㣿֪Ʊǳǵˣӵ׾ƣǵΪҪɱɱûв´ĻֻóǵˣӸͲҲܱƭˣã
ȴһɵðѵˣ


574 ̻ǰ
ҲѾ֪Ƶ飬֪׾ĵӣֻȴ֪Ϊ˾¼ŮŸոհʦ
ҲѾﵽ˾żҲпܳΪˣҲϣ㱻ƭˣȥɣ
ˣ·Ȼ˼֣ѾｫƵֵˡ
һȥǲķŭĿߣϲļһΪβֱɱҿģѾˡ
еüֵҪɱҲֻǻּ飬赣ǣҪҪҵѾﵽλ񾳽磬ô˵ҲҲԼҵˣԺȥλ٣ã۹ɿԲʢȥ
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յǣˣ˴˵ء
ڹˣѾƵı֮뿪ˣԣļŵضûУֻͨǰĸ߿橱С
Ƶһڷ֮ҲһϲֱΪ˲ͨ⣺橽㣿
оңһ۰׷ߣߵˡ
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΢΢ͷƣǰҪ£λǽ̻ʱ£
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׷һ˫ɫüëɫûн룬ĵһɫС죬һˣƣ㣬ʶ
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ʲô˼ҵϵĶ½зֵģСԭǿԻ˵ģֻϧǸѾҹ͢ĸ߼ɱСҲ˶٣ɽ֮Ҳ˽ԭֻϧҲֻǿ̻ʻص
ƣⶫӦİɣǺЦ
ƿԷλ߼磬ȴû˿η壬ʣȷⶫҵģ
Ҳֻӵڲã۶Ͳֹһʹùѵ㻹Ʊ磿˷ʵ
ǺǺǡҵΣҴкܶ࣬Ҳ͸ˣôʲô𣿡
ȻԣΪǻֱӲ˶½飬ڶ½У֪ĺʲô̻ʵ˫о˸ԡ
˹âͷһ·ܵǣ̻ʵ˫ȥ
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㣬Ҫѯйǵ飬ҹ͢İţؽ֮أ̻ʻص
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㣿Ȼͨ򣿡̻ŭ֮࣬𾪡
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̻ڳĬоĶơ
ߵ˺橣ȴڸոմǷ֮оѡ
Ʋֻ˰ַ򣬸ʱ٣ٶȽ֮עԷڣ߷ӰȻ޷ֿ
֮ĶˣرˣеĲмѾʧȡ֮һء
Ҫκ̻ʶƲûʲôη壬Ϊûе
뵽һΣһơ
̻ʿ˿ͨҲʶʶڲʲôӣ΢΢˵ͷһͬͨ䡣
ߵǸ˽
橵橣ǽ̻ʣôͻȻˣ
̻Ҫ̸ϵܷȥϵǵ飡橴ص
ŶգһٶԣˣͽͨһеһСռ֮ڡ
һߴտĴƾͽ̻ʸõ´֣עŽ̻ʣʵ̻ʴˣҪҴǵʲô飿


575 
ƣ㲻֪飿̻ʷһ
ǣôˣȷʵ֪ʲô顣
ƣµͲҪװͿˣСɣǻûзֹڶʹùΪγִȻأԴһҲԶصˣǣӦҲ֪ǹǹϽܳһʱ䣬ûеõй̴Ѷˣºĵ飬̣Ѿʹοܣƣ飬İɣ
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Ƕ½ĺάﰲҲһֱĵġ
Ȼ˾ͺãҰĲСҵ˻֣е࿴Щūļ壬ƺҲСйأҪ֮½ҽҹ͢ż⣬ǣҲǣ
ԼΪأ̻ʴΪβǰڽ͢Ϊڼ䣬вٰڽ͢ȥǣʵ
ǺǺǣڽ͢ȷʵܵˣȴûֹС죬㼸½Уδ½͸˵޿ײ룬ҹ͢ȥ򣬶һеһУѵûһ̻ͣص
ƳĬˡ
Уǽҹ͢ˣе򼶱ȫɱȻ˵̫Ӻһͬı㣬ɱ֮ǰûѯһûн̻ʷĳΪԽҹų𣿡̻ʼʵ
飬ˣŽ̻ʣʵҴ͢׶Ͼ橵㣿̻ʱ£˿ҺСʱ򣬾󹫵ĴӺͼҸģԲҵۺСгرҲ֪ûԶĵˣֻԶ棬֮ǰѾûʲôˣղ˵Ҫ֪κǲ϶̽̽֡
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ǺǺǡգȻЦ̻ʱ£Ӧ֪׾ͽܰɣ
̻һԣЦ˲ʧ˫ɫ¶ֺ⣺ô׾вң
Ȼǣ룬ʦ֪飬룡
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⣬ûмǴĻ񲻵ǰǣµĹأ򣬽̻ʴԶɳһЩҲõһЩȷеϢдԪص֣ҸսףҪԸǣ̻µҲҪϰٰˣٴһ
ôв𣿡̻˫һɱ
Ƶɴ΢ЦȡһѩѣȼһڣȻǣֻҪ̻ʱףҲƽȵģҪõʲôҪθ̫ĵҪ
㣿̻Ȼվһ·֣һɰƾͱռ䶼һ͡
ǺǺǡ̻ʱ£ҵĵ̣㻹԰ĺãûв´ĻҪⱦĿռҲֻΪʵʱµ˶Ƕٰɣ壬ɵαϿ˿³һȦȴƵ
̻һԣһеƣɫ¶˼ֲ죬ֻû뵽׾˿أȻƶ㣬ȷʵϷƽƽ
ƣͬ٣ĵλȵġ
ûлشȴڼתȦ˼ţ̻ʾҪռǣô׽͢
ϻˣЩҲһγԿΪսţ͢ȥһЩɱҲûʲôֵĵط
ǽ̻ʼȻҪռҲǳһڻؾȻֻһǿУ橵ĵҲգҪǣԼ룬ù͢˴ƸǣԼȻ⵽ܴʧ


576 ˫
ƳĬ̻ʲûбֳͷ˵ҹϽĵطȻǵأӦҲֻжԷ˵ϽȨûȨ֪ڣ
ΪΣǷΪ֮йѺ̫ȷʵǺ֡
ֻһĿģֻĿģǵĹע̶ȣȶǵĹעҪߣԲܳκε⣡
ҲǣƲ֪̻ǹѹԼˡ
Ҹ㣬˶ǵκһи棬һеһУ밴еķ͹ؽУգǱһķ򣬳Ϊһѭϵͳ
ķѭϵͳǺĿģü
ܸľô࣬ϣ㲻Ҫȡ̻ʿʮ䵭
ƳĬˣҲֻǰǵԼĵ̣㰴Լ˼·ȥŮҪػѣ϶ѾתƵˣ뷨ҲͲͬǰ
Сƣ˴󣬵˶࣬αһҪĵ̣ȥдȥµĿԾס򲻾ˣԲµģҽ͢رϽҲ£Ȱ
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ͼɱңǱҪӻң
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ȴ˵еĴԪռϸǲķһٶ꣬رеΪѵã̻ʱ¿ɲġ
̻ҧҧվǵ˵ͷȻˣҾȸˣ橺Ժͳסͳ
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һɷǵѦǧҵʱֹͣΣڼߵ֮ɫҲ¶֮ɫǣȴûǸһλǶǹ͢˰ɣ
Ǻˣɻص
ѦҲǲã۵ĽֵܣרƽһζԹ֪λܷ͸Ҫִ£
Ѧ˵ϻȻˣΪ㻹ߵ𣿡Цһ
Ѧһݣȴû˿η壺ƣΪ֮͢飿
֣͢Ը㣬һӣ˵䣬ü֮Ҳͷųһϼ⣬˲ͽѦ
Ѧڴϼ֮£ʱ͸оз·һޱߵĴбøޱУͬΪŵˣԽС
ȴûз֣һȴƾճ֣Ҳһ˲ɫǹ̶ʧѦǰ̧ǹ׼ͻȥ


577 ŰɱѦ
ʱѦԡƵķ֮£ûа㾯裬ֱǹʱŸоһΣգȻѣͼʹԪذغƣǵ׼Ԫγɻֵʱ򣬲ȻķԪѾʧޣѾˣֻܼٶ
ǣоӦÿԶʱȴֻĿǹԼڣĿһʹǹ壬֮ʹȫ
Ѧʹһ˲ಿλն
һںְصĻ棬Ѿм
֮ԿԳ֮ΪɻѾǼֻصĲ乥ƵΪֱƿȫӳΪֹ
֮ͬԱ֮Ϊʥ飬Ϊ˻汾͵ں˰ֻİصķӵŷ
ħǷˣӵз˻棬ֻҪȵĻԶʹӦ˻ҲԽǿҪܴﵽ񾳽硣
츳ӵĴʥ飬ͬҲˣͬȴȥھıһ㡣
ʱƣǷıŮ˫ޣռ֮Ǹ˷Բǧռƾִεȷ֮ټһʱ䷨ѦҪܶ㿪ƵĲǹĹǾǹˡ
رʱ䷨ļ룬ʹѦֻĿԼǹУȴ޴
ѦһͬĻһͬƳƵٴʧǹ֮ϻ˸ʱ䷨ҲȻѦڡ
أ
һǹѦһҪƳȴѾѣ·𾻻ķٶٴǿŵֻܼ롣
ôȥʹɱҲҪ
ء
һ·˲ƣһ·ÿһǹλöͬѦ޷Ƴֻͬһͬն
һ̶Ͼʹ꣬ˣҲܵ˼˺һ·ǧս½ߵûˡ
̻ʵ˼һĻҲɵۣرǹ̻ʣ޷ǰʵһλ񣬾Ȼø߼λ޻֮һ·׷ŴܵĻᶼûУ޷档
һҽУǵ˶ͷ治ѡ
׷ɱѦʱǰȻּٷһˣ棬˻δѾȵˡ
Х
һ̶գһŴѵĴȣγۿɼֱơ
Ƶľ򣬿˲Ƶκһ˲ʧ
֮Уֻʣ̻ʺܽơ
ʱλҲȡ֮ɷԪذضγɵһ̶ȣѾλĹˣΪҵ֮˵
ԣҲò
ֵܣһѱסѦֻоѦѾ缴ŷĻɽƤ̣ⷢͨޱȣڱ̡
磡Ѧѵ³һıˮԪذأȴ޷ڵĻ棬ѾڵÿһطͬһնȥѾܣĻ͵ڽȫ֫ˣһΪҲɥʧ
ˣŤͷȥ
ѾˣΪĲãԻһˣһܵĹͭ׳һ۵ߡ
ħ壿һǹͭ׳뵽֡
ǸߣָܵȴǰԪء
Īǰڽ͢ˣѵãħͰڽ͢Ѿˣٴΰ֮ͨϣĶŶԷӶԷɢϢֱܷȻλ
̻ʼ˶ˣҲ¶֮ɫ
ֻ˸һ֣ԶˣѩѡɫƷ˿ѩһ
ƬۣҲ벻
ãѦ֮ԼڵȴҡҡͷԪеĽ֮ͽ֮ӲְأҳɹںΪмȡΪâն
ֻһִлĹȴ޷Ƴ޷ҽѦڵơ
ԣǸ۵ѦߣһѦĺ󱳣ɰְںϵһ㵼Ѧڡ
Ѧɫٴһʹȴҧ֣һԡ
Ƭ֮󣬺̧һɺֻ֮ȴһŻ棬ֻһ֣Ż㱻ɢʧޡ
ţٴνѦĺ󱳣ִܿһЩ棬ʮΣųһҪ׵ѣ㽫ұնɣ
Ѧ˵ͷüͷ壬ұ˲ɢһЩ֣Ѫա
Ѧұֺܿ쳤ɫ԰ޱȣߣһ񣺡лϣ
ߵ˵ͷûлػǽĿ˹̻ʵϣ죬ּˣ
û뵽Ҳ̻ʿڻһ䣬ֻ֣Ǻ֪


578 ʦ
죿ƵķѾ˹̻ʵԡ
ƣһ£λǰڽ͢ĳ˹λ˹ħʥĴħʿ̻ܵ
ʿģƷһ
ϺҲ˹Ѫˣ
˹ѪţѾ
Ѫͳͬ츳ɲӡ
죬Ѿվһˣ˹Ц
վһ֮˵Ǿվڲãһ𣿡ͬһ䡣
˫Ц֪ԷΪΪ
ЦɣȴҲĿעѩϡ
ѩޱ飬̬Ѿչ޷Ƶľƣǹڽ͢ħʥĻף밢޿⡣
Ȼǰ޼ļ򣬿ڶ˽֮ƺԴҲ̫ˣǣҲԤϵĻһλʱڡ
³ֻһӣǰҲȡսеȨ
ԣѩȲ밢޼УֱҪּ͹˼Ƭ̣˵ҲǵУǱҪ뿪Ұ޼ܵ򣡡
ѩɾĲˣͬȴּ֧Ϊѳ͢׾֧ߣⱾǸԤ֮£ȻѾĬΪǾͲֲ֧ãȻ㲻˻ˮǾһԹսɣȻħʥˣҸ˹Ĵʦ£㻹˵һ԰ɣʿѩ
ѩüͷ𣬶ʿþδ
ƣԴСͽУص̵ģʿѩԣ˵
ͽܣƻ治֪Լʿʲô
ͥͽйһ֮Ե
һϸ˵ˣͥͶˣʿû¶η֮ɫȴҲЦһûв´Ļãһͥŵ˹˰ɣʵ˵ô඼ûãȻҪһңҵҲһս
ãʿٺһһ̤͵Ƶǰ̧һȭһ
ֻоؼֻʣһȭͷһɽӶѹξȻԷȭƶ޷ֿ㱻ǿȭѹȵķ飬ʧޡ
ǲǸóˣͭɫƤʿһ֮󣬸¿ȥĿĶͨջӳһȭ

ȭͷźХһڵֱײͨĶ㡣
ǣ
ըѣͨ΢΢ʿȴûƿͨ
Ƶķ飬ȴûгǽַͨͨɢ˳ȥ
һ˲䣬ͨɫͷųɫϼ⣬ɽʥء
Ǳϼˣ޲¶ƽͶҸı顣
Ӱκ˶޷ֿġ
ʱǿռ֮˲̶ɢ
ء
һοռ֮ĹͻȻ̵Ĵӣɺˮһĳ಻Ȼֱӽʿ˹ã桢ѦƸɡ
⼸ˣʿ֮⣬ˣ޲ˣλû⡣
һֱǸ͵ʮ֮⣬ȴȻͽǱѾ˵̶γɾ޴ĽɱѪɣȼһ壬޲Ѫˮ
˳ȥ˵¶Ҫˡ
ڹؼʱ̣ʿ˫̤գǣ
˫֮£ʱϸСѷ죬̤Ĳϣɢӣշ·һźɫĴ
ƵĿռ֮ĹҲֱƳ֮ͨУĴʥеӣҲ
ѵӺֱַ֮ܿ޸ˡ
֮УǱѪˮļλ񣬿ٵԸԵΪģѪ⣬ϳΣָ˱òǸɫȻԼȻᱻƲһͬʱɱ
رǲã˹˶˿λɫԵøѿ̬ŨصĶͨ
ѩҲһأԽƣΪͷųĿռ֮Уܵ˻вͬķ֮һӵжλǱ֪
һףһŰףû밢޼彻ãԣ޷κһ
ȴ˻һѩɻΪ޼ڹһϵ׹ϵǳҪãѩɻ󲻽⣬һʱ޷ѡ
ͨƵıҲ˫һҲʱ׾һˣڵı£͵ϮһǻԣҪɱǣ޷Ҳ˼Ů
ƷǳԼԴŮΪŮ˫޶ǿ⻹Ҫͨƣ͵Ϯشλ
ͨҸ֮еһƵһͽ׾еĿռС
ʦƷתռһ


579 ʦ뷿
һոպƾɵˣΪʱ׾ɴ֮вԣһ͸ɫɴͽź¶棬ǰԲҲ¶룬˶ѩ׵Ĺ֣ڲд
˲䣬͸оһδҲֱӵ˳ȥ
ƾɴʣˤڵ֮ϡ
ɴ׾֮߳ʱɫѾǷŭôĵӣ
ʦҲǹ⣡
֪㲻ǹģģϴʱ仰ôһ˭Ҫɱ㣿׾һ³ۣ˫Ҳ
ܶˣħʥʿڽ͢Ĵ˹λãѩ򡢹̻Ҳڲãˣ˵գֱɢ
ƵֻһƷ׾ղһ֮Ѿķȫ
׾ٶѵ⼸䣬ʧֻоŭ޷⣬ռֱ˽ȥһ̾Ҹ֮棬ʶδ̽ܣͱҸ֮Ҹͨռ䡣
ûԼʱ龰λֻᱻİ
һΣɳ˶ʮ˷֮һıڣڻƵӣ׾ߡ
ʦ
ڲռɣأЩҪɱ˶棿׾ʵ
ʦҳȥһ֪һ֮󣬴׾ͨϿա
ʱʿã˹Ѿ׼ٴι
ǹ̻ȻӦƳΣûзҲó֣ңҲǳԼƺҲ˵Ķ֡
ƺ׾֮˵Ŀͻ׾ϡ
׾ʿ¶˼֮ɫ
ôˣû뵽ͽȻôϲ׾żģϸ֫΢΢һŤ˿ڳÿһˡ
ֲеԭһֱɣղʹһصĿռ֮һˣĳҲ㣿˹˫ӥգĶ׾
׾ȴһЩ죬ָ߿˼֣ȴû˿仯ЦһǲҺҪλλ񣬻λ߼λ۸ֻǳλͽѵͲ߳ܣ
˵ϻ׾磬ҵııȽϣ˲²⣬ҵȭͷӲľӲȽ
ʿٺһ˫һ̤գ̤ˮ棬εĲһȦȦɢȴһӰֱ׾
׾Ҵ˫ƳһɫƾֳγһߣԽԽֱʿ
ʿȭӴɫֻ֮һ졣
ˣ
ɫǰ˲仯״ٲʿȭͷҲѾû˸ղŵһĸоǹȴ಻֮Уʹ಻ϵı顣
׾еճְأںϳмʿԣּΌᣬ໥һغϣ˭Ҳûκ˭
ƽһ۵ףرʿеİأ˼ԽְǲҲߵľ磿
һ̶֮󣬱൱һԪصİأںһְأܿм
ʿһ˫̤գһռѷһֱ׾
׾˫ֻ裬ǺɫҲһϸߣ˿ռѷ֮ϣͬʱҲ죬һ˿ߣɢֱʿ
ʿ˫̤յʱ򣬾ѾƶˣٶѲ飬һ̣ɫ˿֮ڿ׾ǹԵȴȻ仯Ѹޱȣϸߣƽһ㣬˲иֱӾͽ׾ǰ
׾ɫʮֲ죬ĿεȭиԼϡ
ˣ
롣
׾Ȼɢ
ãʿɫһΪŷ֣׾ԭʹ
ԪеĹƣʹģ³һģһ
Ȼɫɵĺɫ˿ᣬ׾ϰʿ¶˫һ̽ӳֻ׾ֱ۾ץʿ˫硣
׾Ҳһϣʿĺ󱳣һɫĻʿ
໡
ʿǺɫз죬μƬ֮䣬ͱһͷߴǧ׵ľܡ
ֻ֮ϣȴһาǣͨܵıտڣȥ
ã˹ˣ֪Ѿˣ໥Ŀһۣͬʱ˹
ãü֮Уһɫĵâֱưʿࡣ
âڽӴʱȻɢ
ˣ
âʿڣʿٴηһС


580 թ
һĻòãһȴҲóȻ֡
˹˫΢գ̶Ȼ۾Ѿ˺ɫɫԪɢҲʿ׾֮гû롣
ڷӡ˹ٺһ
Ǻ˲ʵԭҲֹͣ
գһӱüžޱȣʱʿͷ·һڵսס
Ƭ֮һȻѿһ϶žž
໯Ƭգͷų˴ĺȴڼƼ׾ıĿƵߡ
ȴԿԸо׾ǽ׵ƤЩĺڰߣ׾ҲһЩ
úúá׾˵֣ȻǶһһЩޡ
죬ǲҲóһˣƿ졣
һƵĻһ׾ֳ˳ʿˣվǵ˵ͷ
׾һЩԵĿ˿ơ
ʦҺͽ̻ʱµĽףԺ̸
ϣ㲻ҪҸˣ׾Ŀһۡ
һЦĻأʦҽڵİ֮˰ɣ
˵ţƾ̽һ֣׾ĺϡ
׾ûֹʱڵĴ󲿷ѾڷӡʱҲ޷
˿ϣɿԸо׾ů壬ȴҶ룬Ĵַ֮ʹ׾ǰڷӡһ˲߽⡣
ջ֮׾ŤͷЦ磬㽫Ϊһҽ
ҽǰ룡΢Ц
ҽԶѩ򿴳ߣ˼ĶƣΪ޼ƹյģҽҩҲһҪɲ֡
һʿҲ˹ƵĲˡ
˫ٴԣԶ˫ûӮԷİա
Ը죬ʿͲãԸ׾Ѧ棬Ƕͻɱƣ˹ˡ
ǰƲⱦǶҲɱƣѦµĴ
ͽˣ˹˫ĺ⣬ͨ⡣
һжƵ̽飬ʹǴݣҲ˹˴İգƵҲýһĪǴ˵λƣ
һ뵽˹͸ӼᶨԼһ²⣬̧һУǸߴǧ׵ͨ㼱СƵ֮У֮ûޡ
ţ˹һĻɫ֮һһ
Ϊһļƻ͵ˣĿⶢƣдˣʿͲãǶʱԸ׾죬ƾɱ
΢΢ͷ
˫ЦЦĶ˹аɱңӦû֪ӵƵɣ߾ǣа޼ڣӦҲɱͨˣ
֣˹ˣ̽ץգ˷ȻӰɫĴǣٵƴȥ
˲ʧһ̣ͳǧ֮⡣
˹ˣûио⣬̽΢΢һ֮оͳһ˿ѷ죬һɫƣǽ⣬û˿ռѷ֮ڡ
ͬʱʿͲãҲͬʱ˹ʿһȭǿȭγյĴֱƹ̻졣
ãüһƽɫĺ⣬һţֱ׾
̻˫̽һǽƾճ֣׾һֱۻɫߣƼϡ
䡭
ˡ
ͬ˾Ͷһ
˲ƣܿͷܵİԽԽ࣬еĸ·аԪƼ
˹ȻǿƺֻҪӰӣưһ
һɫĴٴ˸
һ̣Ȼ͸оһ˫ƺʲôסˣͷȥ¶˼Ϊ𾪵ɫ
ΪƷ˹ȻԼӰӣγһɫԼԪطԼڣƤ綳һ㣬ԽǱԪزԽоܵԽ
ǡ
֮ʱǰĿռȻըѣһֻаƴСƾֳһ֮䣬ͻţûĴ֮С
ͬһʱ䣬ƾ͸оڷ·һɱﵽ⣬𽥿ٵʧȥֱ֪󣬾궼˹ȥ
䣡
Ƶ飬ɫĻҳϸһ㣬¡
ƣãս׾һĻɵþһȻɻ󣬿ȴѾ޷ǰ̽顣
˹ɫڸֳЦݣգɫƻصУƵ·һҲͨ
У˹͵γһѪҺǳͼͨ


581 
ͨͽѪҺˣǾͬһʱ䣬ͨȻͷųϼ⣬˹͸ͬʱɫĴǴǳһ˹ڡ
ˡ
ϰǣͽ˹飬ǿֲɫĴǷûͨڲ

˹귢һҽУһźɫԲڴǵмɫƸһ˲䣬һǿİһ˲ͬռ֮
䣡
ɫǴѣͨҲɡ
ֻǴȻѣȴиĴͨȻɣɵٶȴʮֻ෴˹յѪʧȴǳֲ
˹һִ·Լķ޼£ԷĹٶȴޱȣ޷ֿΪҪǣԼȻһЩĸԸĽ͸ĶԷûнԷˡ
Ƶķ໥ںϹͨĻ߿ǿĻ˵Ŀ˹
ƵΪϾֻƬʱ䣬֮Ĵ
ѾôִǣڷĹźɫɢİڣײֻһ㣬գǧΡ
أ
飬֯һ͸Ƶ㣬룬ɾ˹֮ʱȴֺȻգֱ̣֦նϣ֮еĴҲܵ˼Ľ˿
еİڷһжֹͣˣ֮Уγһֱ׵ľ޴
֮ڣ·ʱ䶼û
ͨеƣֱ֮ͨ⣬ûнŮ˫ޣֻ˫ޣܵķʱһ򣬷֮󣬲˲ڻָ
ٴεһƽͨڣĿ⾲Ķյľ޴
֮ڣ˹Ϊģٵһ˹ʱȴɫޱȣиǷŭ֮һӵƵλ񣬾ȻһλѾˡ
ԭƸɱġ
̧֣˹ϣɫԲҲ֮ʧһ֣ƾƼٷ˹ȥͳƬ֮䣬ʹﵽֱֱƳײ˹ȥ
ƼˣֻܼŲƣֱӾ͵֮⡣
ȴҲ˲һƬڰɫƥĴİӰ֮һ֮䣬ͽƵǰ
ٴŲƣֱʮ֮⣬ͬٴ˹̤ϣֱƿգ˲Ƶԡ
ǡ
·ݣɫĿռѷ콫ƾ͸
˲ƣѾˣΪռ飬޷νӣ޷˲ƣΪ˶Ƶֻһ˿ռѷ֮ڡ
˹ɽ׷ᣬһɽڲϵѹơ
һĻֻҲƣ֮ϣһ͸ľսס

ڰռеɶȥθǻҵҵŲơ
ȴٴ׷ԣɢɫƥͽƸ̶ƿգǿռ䡣
ϵȴҲʾȫ͵ɢһĴâնϺɫƥײںɫ֮ϡ
䣡
ǶѣɫҲһҲ»ָɡ
һ̣˲ƶߡ
ɫƼʹС˹ӣʧķ򣬽ҧ
ƻ壬ټ˲ƣ˹ǳɱסƣʹλҲֻܽסҪɱס
ƣ൱СԲµĲл꣬ľƾͻԶػơ
ֿ֮ٵķϿա
ʱ׾ѾռϷ磬ãʿȴǼѶԵУرǲãζЩ׾סҪÿԿ׾ĺ࣬ˡ
һ֣ƾ͵˲ǹ׼ã˹ȥ
ãˣ壬һָһɫķâڲǹײһ
һָƼһĻȻ뵽ǰеѧãĹַһָȷʵкֻܴǲãһָˡ

ǹɫķâײһǷâСȴֱ֮Ӿͽǹͣˣմ˼䣬ƵС
ͬʱ׾ͷųɫ˿ȴѾ˲ãܣƼȻͽã
Х
һƿ֣ãһͷųϰٵâֱն˿ߣƿռ䣬˿ռѷ죬һ̣ǧ֮ճ֡
׾ɫŭ֮գԪǺϡٵģֻܽ˿ߣǹȴǵ棬׾һסɱã


582 ˼еĹ
ãҲԼ⣬׾ҪɱԼҲԲܣΪ׾ԪأԪеճϵİأڹϣķâնҪ߳һȣ츳ϣãΪԼ׾㡣
׾ãȴóɱ
Ȼ׾ĻͬΪãҲֻһΪ׾ʯĽǿ
ʦƸ㣬Ƚãɱˣջƣݸ׾
ɱ׾һ̶ۣŤͷ˲Զա
ǣ
մ죬һѷ֣˹Ѿˡ
ûƵ£˹ǰԱ׾ʵ
ֻεҡҡͷ
Ҳ̫ģҪɱ㣬ѾܣҲǸƴ׾Ŀⶢ˹
˹Ҳãһ˸˫ǽš
ѩˣòˣ˹㻹뿪ɣҪӰҰ޼Ͻķˡ
ţ˹ѩ򣺡ô˵ˣ㲻ҪǣΰİДҰһϵДĶӣ
ⲻҪѣҰ޼岻ǵǣҲƻҰ޼İѩüŭ
Ц˽֮£ºûв´ĻƱǶ֮һѩȰ㻹ɱҲȥһҪѣ˹Ц⡣
ǶѩĿֿơ
׾ȴЦһǼѾ˰֮ˣ˴ȴҪ˵Ƶĳ֣ǻһ˵ؼ֮ˣΪҵıΪҪѡˣһʦ
ѩûб̬ȴѾϿ׾ĻƵϸĲֻһַ򣬲Ҷõһ棬ӵİӵижġȷˣǶˣ
һ뵽ˣѩȻһΪ⼸ǼΪںϵģһ콫ִεȷںһ壬ǿԽΪмַٿںϳммٴںϣܳΪ߼򣬶ƱлΪ߼
Щ޽ӽĸ߼УΪДҪ֣Сӡ
֮ǰĿȸȻַ֪ںһ壬ܴﵽ֮ȴҲģӵзȻǸ߼ǾͱӵгΪ߼
һЩ˴εȷˣȴֻܳΪִεȷںϣпγм򣬴ﵽм񣻶мںϣܳΪ߼ָ߼ںϣܳΪДпܳΪ
·Զ⣬зںϾܳΪģĽӼѣҪͬȼķںϲֻҪ뵥һİؼɡ
ЩȻ֪ȥĿȸӦû֪ܿ
ѩ򿴵ƵǱһͨȻԪذصˣȻֱӸںϵĴεȷһƳɳȥΪһΰД
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˹ѩвֵĴ㣬㿪һʿߣ
첫ʿһԣæȭˣ˹ԡ
Ϊʲôˣʿݺݵĵ죬ǲӡ
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584 ķΪ
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587 ֻһѭ
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֪֪һ̶ϣҲаΪֻǱķаһնȥңǰ̤һͦظƣ°΢΢ЦЦĶơ
ƼˣȻһЦʹаģıռλ𣿿ңж񱨣ҲǷаڸõĵطҲǱ壬˲ûжͷֺ壿ַͬеɱ޹Ϊ񣬳ͶɱΪƣ橽ܽ˿аķڳͶϣȻơֻҲΪĸͲܺദʲô
ţã̧ҿɴ¶˾գڿˣͬ󺣣Ŀ԰һУ
˵꣬ǰŲһСظѾƵţĸоͦ
ôѵϲˣƸͷȥǺ촽ֻм磬ᵽԷĺ
᲻Ҫң
ǶǷʲôܵأֻǣĿ𣿡Ʒʡ
ҿԣҪ֪λնµķͱһ޶ģȻ޷Ϊӣ
ϧȴܣ˫ָźۣסǲӯһյ֫
¶һĨаЦһֻ͵͵ƣƵĿ£סƵĶΪβɣ
ֻӣûʲôãҵıһڵĸܣ
ıܲ
ҡҡͷҪܳһʱ侲ޣԸĻҵǺ˫ޣ
˫ޣ
Ƶ˵ͷĽϣֲϵȱݣΪ
ˣԣ͵رסƵ
ﲻʺϰɣȥһĵط˵գסڿն

ȥڲԶȺ֮УȴͻأֳһҺѵŮӣ¶Цݣû뵽Ƕ˾ȻԷˣȻǴĽ϶ʺ֣ǵıҲ˰ɣϧˣǵı𲢲ڡ궼ӵ˫ȷʵҺ棡
˵꣬Ҳ֮ʧƺûгֹ
ͬʱã۹ڵһԻ͵ĸۡУھ޵ѩȻ˫ǣΪһ񲻰ĸоѵиȥǣ
˵֮ҲվŲƶߡ

Ƶķ橣˽һС֮Уȡһռ˵Ҳ֮ʧ
ҺѵŮӼˣԭתһ̣ȻҲƵķ˿ռ֮С
ռڣֻףƵͬʱ˫ҲѾ⿪ϵĺˮһк£Ʋǣ۵棬Ѿһ
ͷţޱȫչƵǰ
΢΢Цı㾧Ө̺졢ѩΪǣȻûаɬȴȻ߹˼һ㡣
ѩɽĻѩ̶ɣ΢΢ͦţӯһգа׸⣬ηʶ̣һƷ
𣿡̤ǰվƵǰ
Ƶ˵ͷ
ǵȻΪʱ򣬿ǰΪ׼ľͷģ΢΢̣ճĻߡ
ٰ˰¾ͷ
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ͷĸ߶Ⱥĸ߶ΪһȾţΪͷҵΧҲȫǻƽ橽
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΢΢°ͣѾ촽͵Ƶߣ㣺˫ޣ
Ҫתǽ壬ڣ
˼򵥣˵ţѾȫƵĻһץסƵ·֮Ϊûа㷴Ӧ
Ʊסޱȵĺ󱳣ҸղŲѾ𣿡
Ϊβѵ㲻ϲң
ȻǣֻǣҵıиҪ飬ҵǿԽȥһط
橷ʡ
ȥ֪ˣƷջ֣ǰԶͳһ޴Ĵ
˲ŲƵ棬׹˸ƾʧ
ͬʱҺŮҲֳһӰüͷȻдƵ׻ʲô죿˸ӵ󷨣ȻҲ᣿Ҫʹ֪ˣ֪θ룬ֻǣôһߣȴ޷׷ȥˣȥɿ֪ͨ̽ǵһУ


589 ȡ
ƴŲʣƵֱӾʹ͵ɹ֮УʱƵıɴŮ˫֮¡
ûȥڷ䣬·Ůͬʱȥһķ֮ڡ
ƺƵһ仯͵ؽƱסˣ
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ΪģסƵ˳ֽƵ⿪Ľҿ
ƲûҪ橣ǹס°͵ָȴƣ̶ѩɽ֮ϣᴥţΪΪҶ
ΪѾ֪һУ
ţͷһ֪ˣ
橵˵ͷҲ㣬Ϊû㣬Ҳ޷ɾڵңǸǵơƣ棬ĸо
˵ţֱƽһ֣ͦεѩɽҲ֮ȫƵС
ƵƸסѩ𣬲Ǻܴ󣬵ȴҲСһּΪʵĸоΣκ˶޷԰Ρ
ڸԪذûУ֮
ҡҡͷ֪Ҹľϲ
橵ĴѾƵĴ
ҽϵŮӣΪһַҲ򣬲֪Ϊʲô
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һ̣ȫĶϾ˶橵Ŀƣƿصķƺһַˡ
˫ҺŮӲŭϲȻ˵ı£Ǿ͸ӳҵˣҪǱЩŮ֪Ҫһ棿ǴǶҪϰɣȻ޷ƣɿӰǡ֪ǣ

ĿĿ橣ͷų˰ķ򣬽ȫ
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˭ǴҼ޸㣿橻æһ
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ҲûбھʹӦƵһŮʽѣǰһ橵ϣϵ˴ӣһ죬ᰮҵģ
һһҪ²ҵģҵֻɣ
Ƿ²Ц
ʹٴ̧ͷʱ򣬺ȻΪϵۣҿʲôаֻǿˣҵ壬²ҵģ
橺ȻֱסƣƵĴ³һƸ𣬼ңҲֻ㣡
ٰ˾·
˵꣬橺ȻƵƽƵϣ˵ΣҲ˶һ
ƵĶԻǲģͶľ橵ķǽϣǲһļഥ֮£ܿ͵ȼ˵Ļ档
˫ֱס橵͵һתΣ橸ѹ棬Ǿµ˵ҲһˣҪСһ㣡
ϲľǻˣһš
һйʹ괫ַͷų֮ȫİҲ˫񹦸橡
񹦣һκұһʱǲҲˣ
Ƶ˵ͷ
ֲǸʱҵΪô죡橷Цһ˫ѾץסƵΣһʹƵ·֮Ѿصش
šƼͬʱһ
ѵҲڵһ֮˵Ƹоͻļѡ
ܱĿ֮궼뱾޹أĿӵзĸ֪ҵΪǽҾͻռλʱҾͻűһͬ㣡橵СڲϲѩΪ𽥵ڶԾš
ˣͷһϲƲòϣ橵ı橱Ǹꡣ


590 
ΪƵ橺ȻС죺ôﻹڿŹ
һЦȻǣҪնҪңΪֲͬ򣡡
ΪΪ򣬻Ϊǵꣿߣֻ壿
˵Ҫأ˫ְס橵˫ۣ橵ϲϵ
Ұͦģ⵹αû壬˫Ƶ֣סƵǰ󲻶ϵ
񣡡ƼӴ˼
Ҳдĵط
ĵطʲô
㣡
ԺĻᰮˣƴ橵ڳ橵Ĵ̶Ȼָ˿ڣ
Ѿָˣ
ǾԵһᣡѾľ˫۸ǽ橱סʹѩͦĸһЩȻһ顣
šһơ㣬һ˵壬ѵͲǰ𣿡
˵ģҲ֪
Ϊǳ˵һ˵ȴа
ΪǶǿܴȥ
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뿪İ飬һ㣬Ҳͬ㣡̧ͷȴѾٴ橵ڣһֺ϶Ϊһˡ
ϲĸоˣ˫ơ
Ƶ˵ͷ
ϣԶ橺ȻתΣƵϣץסƵ˫֣ѩϣԺһҲһͬ㣬ϣ㲻ҪҵɣԶߵŮһֱߣ
İɣͲ˫ֲϵץţʹһѩ𲻶ϵı仯״ᡢۡϸ塭ָоϵ˫ִ꣬ʹȻ𣬽橽رסʹԽСΣĻС
ĻҺаȫУ橱סƵͷո߸ߵĸ
˲Ƕ˵ĺȴԽԽ
ֻоԼԽȣһŮһζȻͬĽů橲ɢ㣬ȴѾ
˫ԽԽ˫ȴḧţȫѩ壬·ǼĲ
֪˶ã̤ƶˣвţС䡭
һ֮Ľ󼱲̱ƵĻС
˫ḧ㷢ȴҸ
ã˳ĽëС䣬ѵⲻమ𣿡
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ǳ˵ֻϵĵҪǲŽɳܣȻҪȴֻҪ壬Ұֻһ˵壬ѵⲻа橲ĵٴηʡ
ɣ걾ͲӦ÷ֻֿһ˵ʱ򣬻ѾͬһˣԼı䣬ͷĿԡ
ܲΪĺӣڴĿơ
Ը⽫꽻ңƷʵ
⣿橳Ĭˡ
ͬʱϵǸҺŮҲĬˣаֻн꽻и˹֪ˣһĸԸɣУԲһַƣʹ޷̽ܣҲҪգ

С䣬㾫ͨռ䷨ǲҲпռ䣿ʵ
Ƶ˵ͷҪҪ
ģҿ굽棿װңһȫǲŵѩչƵǰ
סһһֻҲǲӯһյ˵ͷֱ΢΢һֻоܵһɴͱƸ˹ȥ
һ̣橾ͷ·һƬǿ֮Уǹ⣬׺ҹգɷƵһߡ

׺ŮȴһһȻȫնҵӰ죬֪̽ˣڵôѵǬԳһ磿ƾȻﵽľ磿ôܣ
ֻǻ񿨶˹ÿ˶һ磬ͬ磬Ҫ輫أһ˵ЩДˡ
һС㣬Խ˽㣬ԽԣѾ̫ûǷǵˣŮ¶˹аЦ

С䣬ڵĿռ䣿̬ޱ棬æһ·ʼֻȴҲں棺Ϊνһ˵󵨣
Ƶ˵ͷҲ橵ı仯ƺȻ빴ǵʣȴûж룬ֻΪѾ´һΣҲƽͣ˵Щǹ൱ҵԴҵΪԽߣڵԽǿǹͻԽһ죬Щǹ򣡡


591 ߷
򣿡橸Եò졣
ʵͺñһˣʣ൱˵Ѫеķ൱˵꣬ͳϽУһжռȶķš
΢΢ĵ˵ͷ˵ԭӦþһ壬˭Ҳ޷뿪˭С䣬֪ʲô𣿡
棿Լڵǹ⣺ʱͿռϣ棬ֻҲ֪ô򵥣ԺһŪ׵ģ橣ж˽⣿
橻ͷƣҪ֪ʲô
Ҫ֪жٷ򣬷ǲҲ֣֮
ҡҡͷü𣺡иߵ֣֮жٷҾͲˣɷΪεȷеȷ򡢸ߵȷ򣬶֪һйصķپжʮһ֣ϡʴȡסˡšʵϣϲá쵼šġΡ԰жİ
ʮһ֣þͻаайصķҲжʮһˣʮִεȷˣƳ̾һʮִεȷҪòܸ򣿼ѵһԸһַ򣿡
橵˵ͷô˵еȻɸԪذ֮Ĳһȴ࣬磬ﵽм񾳽Ķ٣ڸ߼Լ޽ӽД͸ϡˣҪ˽棬Ȱ㻹ȥ磬õҪһУֻʱضǳ
գֻ΢΢ͷ
橵Ŀһֱû뿪ƣҲԽԽ࣬ʵСƣ˵Ǵ㣬Ҫһλ棬棿
λ棿ɻˡ
ⶼȻôĿ꣡橳̾һλʹһȫ£񣬵ȴǴһλ棬ǳ棬Ҫһµ棬ǾͱҪﵽľ磬˵ǿ˹ģеΰĿ˹ȣͬө£˹ֻǴ˵Ѿ˶ۣҲеڶ˹֣̫أĿ֪ȴ޷֪ķ򣡡
֪ȴ޷ֺ֪
𶯡жȵȣҶ֪ͬ˫޻ͬ޶˽϶ӣ֪ΪʲôĽٱǳ˶ģΪʲô˶Ϊʲôͬķ֪Ϊʲôȥ֪Ϳķ򣿡
΢΢ͷȻо޷ֵ̽ģԽ֣̽ԽоΰД¶ֻܿһԼƾʲôΪԼ
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ʱ䷨򣿲ʱ䷨Ҳֻ֪޷֪ƿصģ˵ֻҪͨʱ䷨޿κΣϣ˭ӵʱأͬǿռ䷨һСƣƿصĿռ䣬ֻ˵һְأķľͨ˿ռ䷨ǼʹҪ֣ΪʱͿռ䶼Ϊ߷֮һƿ߷ˣҪȥں򣬱ܿˣ
Ŷͷһ橷ȫеռʱ䵱ͬľˮһϵĻֻͨеһأǷ򣬷ԼսԲȼ
أ򣿡ƳĺһΡ
ʵӦԺʹʱռİأҲѾ൱ЩεȵķˣܸеķԿ棬˲䵽κһҪȥĵطʶõ޵죬̽򣬷ǿռ串֮££ƣͷ·Լ
Ʊ˵ѪȻղо첻ɲ죬ȴԼѾȫǱˣټתǻ羫ʯǿһոµҲδɡ
лл㣬橣û뵽㶮ô࣡¶΢Ц
㻹ҿ𣿡ƵĻ
⽿ƵĻֱܿŲƳڣϴꡣ
ء㣬橹һۡ
ղŻûƷ֪ΪʲôôҸоˣƻش֮Ҳȥϸ룬ȥ
ͨ죬β˫ĴƵ˫ۣȴֲƺһӱý
һֽ⿪橵ѣУֱӾס橵ѩ
Ҫ橻ѩ˺Σૣȴƺֲġ
ƴǾڣ̶ѩƣֱƽ̹С橵ĺҲԽԽأ˫ץԵԽԽ󡭡


592 橵ı仯
һΣƲǣԵĸо橷Ͷ룬ˮҲڻˡ
橵ϣƲϵţŽڴȴ˫橣Խ
ѩļϣȫһ糺죬ˮһˣβĸȴֲҹڷݣƺǿĵ׵ԣⱻԼӡ
橵Ķϣ𣿡
šӦһ
һ๫
ҡ˫ˮĿơ
ҵģҲģ˵ţѾͷ­ǺͮͮĴ꣬ڵֱҲ޷ס橵Ǻ󾱣ǣ쳣ѩɽ
š࡭࡭۷һ˫͵رסƵգ̧ͷƵĴڷſɬ
ƸѪҺڣӾ綯橵ĺ󱳣·ҪԼһ㡣
ҲһҪԼڵĸоƣָѾƵƤ֮С
ǣ޷һģܵľϣݣķֳ˷񣬽橵֮ڡ
橵ʱͱøӻãһӾƵں
ʶĴ£橵ڣûƵڿռ֮С
ƺûиоԼѾƵˣš
һ˲䣬ƺȻ͸оʶռĲŴڿռҲ΢΢һٴεһһͬһƺӵԼֻȴεġ
ʲôƵķѾʼעˣֻ̫ССҲ޷֪
˫ڳҲȻʱ䣬ֻоֵ˹ҸĸоԼûиܹģԸͣ£һЩƵֹ
ֶһŮʱƣ൱Ů˫ޣֻŮǵ˫ޣɹֻȴֳַһ뿪ǵ
橵ʧûǵɵģƵķ֮ɳλ߼ʮ¼ɵĶ飬ɳİ˹һͬȥǡ
ֻǾΪʱ򣬾Ź֮һĲȻǡ
ڴ󸽽һΣֶƾֳ
磡ֶһ˵˲Ļ
ȥѯʣ֪ͨ飬ɫҲüΪأ˵ķȻҲﵽλľ磿ԶͿһ˵ģ
˵ͷҸоڵһĪİ˵ķѾǲٴﵽ񾳽ģһ⣬ң֮ǰҲֻǰ˼ҪΪ񣬾ԲǶʱܴﵽġ
ֶ뿪ĻţתΣȻ˵ƵĻУʵĸƴ磬ҵҵѾķɱˣ
Ĳֶĺ󱳣ģһΪ㱨ģķҵĳˣ
ﻹڲã۶ƴ磬ҵĲķҲһͬɱ㣬ܲܰȥֶͷ滨İ
ƿֶķĿԶһ˵ģضѾ֪ĿģʹȥҲһǰ֪ҵıڱչ֮УʱȻһŲķ˺ģһϹһս
ֶĬˣ˼˲ߡ
ã˵ĲҶȼգȰѲķ̽Ҳ٣ο
̫ǣʹҲȥҲһԽǵ˾ߣһȥʹ˵գö˾һͬʹ֮УΪǷһլԺҰ
ѵҪˣһֲõԤУƺķı仯ֻһʼ

ͬʱĲã۶ķѾŴڵسټڸ߸ߵĻƽϣ·˵ȣڵ˫һɨţǵЦȴԽԽŨ
Ȼķ˵죡
һæУһ񣺡΢ڣ
ҲѾﵽ˾ż򾳽磬ǲҪΪ޶һЩأķЦЦ
첻̧ͷȴͬо˲ķı仯ڲķߵĴȡ֮ȴøӲĥһּΣյϢæ˵΢Ϊ·ǡ
Ϊҷǣ棿ķȻվһɾɢȥڵ˫ƺźڻԾ
ܵǿѹ֮󣬻æ̧ͷֻоĿⱻһǣҲ޷ŲƣžŻӲķ˲ûڡ


593 ֮
һҽУĿڣ
ķЦһΪҷǵð취ȥ
Ⱥ𾪣ͷֲಿλһźڻȼգڻԽԽ󣬿ٵɢȫ
䣡
飬вٲлٵȥ
ܣǱҵˣҪɢһĴ治춼УķЦһ
ſƾճһڵĻǽĲлֱûУ໲ҽУƬ֮󣬱Ҳûκ
һʹʧһֱΪ֮ĵĲãʹ֮С

һ֣һ߰սںڻʧʱˤڵ档
ķȥֻаƴСİս׷ɵС
սףսֻƲУûоòԩķսף·سһ
ԩ˼ͬʱڵأӭϵ
ߣǿһ£ΪңȻǴһƬأ˿ѣǾ͵źͲһĽְɣķһ֮ʮָʮ磬Ȼû˰˸ڡ
ʮ֣ûʣһЩسڡ
һһٶسȫķֺɫ档
ҵѾǵڣӽǶԽҵҽһǾѰҲҵ֮󣬾˵Ҫǰķٺһ
ּ
˴
żפڲ֮һã۹һϲ
ĩ˴ͬʱУһ
ķĿ⿴˳ΨһһŮˡ
ŮҲǸڰڽ͢ˣк飬һھ飬ķӷΪ飬൱۹־ʼһ鱾൱ڲķİʦķ֮ǰǸħСںǳ֮֡
ȫں֮У¶һƤһף˫ڣޱĿŲķɳƵ
ǿ뿪ˣǱͥͰɱСģ
ּ˫ҲһڵĻ档

˶ȥ֮󣬲ķ˫ָ󣬿Ұĵӻǵĵѿ׳󡭡

ͨڵмӣħʦʿûյԣҲܿӰ쵽۹ĸ߲㡣
޷ͨڣڸ߲൱ūһ㡣
ħʦ̼ʮ꣬ͬҲû̫Ĺע
ڲã飬ƵķҲ֪ܿΪڲã۶ǻвٿܺūģлмӵܡ
죿֪ˣͲزã۶߿Ʋ֮ϣͷϵ̾һ
鰵ɱֻϧеƼǣʧˣǸҶʥ֣ѩҲ᲻ܰɣķѰҲʲôѵҪ˴񹥴ٴΰһ
ʱȥˣƱ˫뱾ȡϵܿ죬ʹ˲λá
ΪƱԸӦƬλã뾻ͬһԴȻӦ
Ȼڹưһ̤ͨǵĴ֮ϣ˲͵Ǵû˿ͣͼ۶ȥ

һƬɳĮ֮Уһ°۵ɳͽţȻŤͷ߿գ˫ͣ˽Ų
ƿٵǰ΢Ц磡
ˣǲӢʮЦ
״ΪƷʡ
ǴӶһһ߹ģߵڲߵҴͽߵ֮أд󺣣ҾʹԽ󺣣ߣֱ㣡˫˸
ΧͽһȦƲˣ֪׻ʲôôȴˣô־ؽøӼͣ߳һԼĵ·
ĬƬ֮˵֪ķĴ㣬㷵زã۹
һȥ
ã˱һ֮󣬲ķǻΪۣΪǲԼ֮ˣԲȥɣѾﵽλľ磡
͵ܾȻԻܲãѾλ˰ɣȻɻ󣬿ȴûϿ㾪ȣĲƺǹžһ㡣
ҡҡͷҲλֻͶȡɣ
΢΢ͷ͵ܣ˵Ҵﵽλ񣬱ȥ㣬Ըȥȡǲã۹Ļʵ֮λ²ķʹҪңҲôףңҲȥģ
֪綨ˣҲѾķɱķԶһ˵飬һֻҪСģ
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ȻֵܶٴСܺϼΣƵһ̳


594 սǰϦ
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ٴεһ̳ͨһŵ磬ڳ֮ǰҪɽʯҰ֮ѧϰ֪ΪΣ
ȻΪѧϰǵ־һԭʼܣܼԼǱ
˵ĲʱͽҲĵã
ȻʹڳˣʱҲҪЩѧϰȻ޷񣬿ǣΰ󣡡
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ǰʱ䣬һеĴ̿ͣǶʿҲħʦȴܴ似ǶʿʹãԿ켶似Ҿ룬ʹǳˣʱҲҪѧϰЩѧϰΪԽߣǵ˼ԽܵЩ˵
ŶȻ˸пǺǺǣҺͬ˵һʱᳬԽЩǰܣ˵Ц䣬ҲһѽնſγһС̫ͼ
ջؽ֮͸̫ͼ֮С
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··˫¶ϲɫһֱ޷Լȴ뱻͵ܵһָˣ
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𣿡޷ƵҲڣݶ˺ɫ
ħҲٿΣ֫˺ɫĴǣ޷βϵ޷Ƶ³һҲϲȷʵܰ



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С䣬⣬͸ˣЦ
ȻǲûԱֻ֣֮Ǳģ
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ҲУҪĶɹ׽٣ﵽľ磬ǾͿԵһķȻʹ÷֮ϵǣǲŻ᲻ϵ׳ͬǵķһƻص
˵ҲԱǵķ̫ˣ˵ţһڻеСľż
Ҫٶ༸ͺˣ¡˽Ҳÿһ
Ļüͷɴħ׳֮У´γȥʱҲǸȥһˡ
ߣǷռ䣬ɹѾĴˣƲ˻⡣
ţŮÿ˱һСŮͬʱͷһͬ뿪
ɹС̶һ㳾Ʊڣռ֮Уֻʣһˣһ׹ƵҲȻʧ
ƣѾ൱ڴˣǳϣֱӽŲߣҪ˲Ƹ
ȻҲҪһǰᣬҪһԽӣͬ͵źţһյĵط
Ǵ½ռƾͽŮ˳
ʮˣƵʶ̽ҲѾȡ˸Ӧ˲֪ʮ顣
Դһս˹ʿȼˣ޷Ƶİս˲ķʹЩжҲʵ࣬ڰûʲô£ƾͲˡ
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ƵܣɿӦԡ
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⻹һЩɢɢ飬ΪǣĵǱ鲼صߣ֮ʮǰࡣ
̧ͷ죬չ⣬ӵ浽㣬ƺŨڵҲ˱ûһƬ
ѵӽǾҪ𣿡ٴΰһ
гŮǿʼɽ١
ǶɽҪƼ򵥵Ķ࣬ӵз壬赣κεħټСľżӻλ檺ܿ춼ﵽڵļ𣬷Զǵüγ״һƣٶȼĽ˼Ҳ˶ȴһ£Ҳڶͨλ
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ֻϣȴǵĵȼƿԿ϶ֻҪԺʹ÷ҪﵽļҲѡ
ɹȫ֮ƸǵõһЩҪĶǾǸɷɽҲ˸˽⡣
ȥɣƻּ䣬Ůͬʱն𣬲Ĵ֮УֻԺȴϵֳɹһʯдһ仰ʱ޾޽磬ʱǰڣ档


600 ս
ѵ棿˹żе׻ڶ٣ưһ
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ڳȥ䣬Ҵȥǵķ˽㣡ڻʹеһۡŮ˵
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ʲôŮͬʱһ
ûٽʲôŮ׳ͨͨɿʱħ׳˲ƶȥ
һ˳ħ׳ǵϷ֮Ϊħ׳֮ƺѾȺʱˣڻʥ̳Ϸ·ھ޴еľ飬һڼĴġ
ղûеı䣬ż΢Цѩ׵Ƥ˲˵ڴѩף˲֪ĶɨӼۡ
ȻҪƽĶ࣬Ůһſš
ЦͽΪĲ˵ʮǰͶսλλλλ߼λ񣬲һˣһûдߣԭΪͻˣȴȵ˽ա
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ȴһЦŶһˣһʦ׾£ҵһµ̣ı仯ĺܴ󣬴ѾҳԾĵزǽ檣ѧʸǿߣһѾ·ˣ
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ȫһ𣺡ɣҿ㵽жǿʵǾ仰ҲٻʹƣƽսֻҪӮңʹ߰ɣ
ƶֵǹȻˣǾݹˣ
˵꣬һ֣Ůȫڿռ֮УŮΪĬļʱ꣬Ƶڷ˫޾磬ַ֮ʱøŨرʱ䷨һֶδĸо
ء
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ڵƶʱ䷨Ѿǳʱ֮ͬʱ֮Уʹó˲ƣÿһʱ٣һȫĹ˲ͳĸͬķλͬĸַʱй
֮˲Ƶԭأ뱾µĲӰںһ塣
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ڲ֪кȻ飬Ѫ죬Ϊ롣
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ۿɼٶȻָˣƬ֮󣬱ָȻԪؼƼ»һոµֻǴʱȴûдƣļͬǸոմӲˮȪгԡһ㣬˫ֻڷǰ˫΢΢պϣΪصĵش
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һֱֻסǷأһ̧ץסѣλ䣬㽫ѸϣĿȴ͸¶ž㵣㣿Ȼ
Ƶ˵ͷ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
˫۽ȴˮٴ˫ʱɫɱñࣺڿԴˣ
˵꣬ѾתΣ˻ʥ̳Ķ㡣
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кܴɻ󣬿ȴʣ˲ƽʥ̳֮ڣվǰĿ
˫΢գҲ𽥵ȻƵĵ
ãƷȷʵûʲô뿪˲Ƶ˻ʥ̳Ķ㣬ԡ
˫У˫ûȥơ
ƽüͷĿȴڶգ³һΪʲô
ʲôΪʲô̧Ŀ⣺㲻ô࣬Ժսڵ㣬ҪΪڿʹַ޵Уķûĺһ̽ߣԥҲ⽫ٴ


601 ӿ
֪ҴηˣǿʼǿĵɱСĻţҲһϧԼԲ׸ҪңΪʲôҪָֻΪ˼𣿡̬дżǡ
Ƶʣޱ飺ָֻҪָǰ䣬ֻˣҲǷҵծң
Ƿʲôң
ΰǷҵծעơ
ҵ
㲻ȴˣҪծͿָԼǰ䣡
ô϶죿
ǲҵ鱦֮͵֪һУ
鱦̧ͷ˿ֻȴңԶǿգеһ˿ǣѾ࣬ٴµķλѾȷ
ȰԽѰҵԽã촸ҪĶʹЩ޷һõҲԻԶΪǲӵǰǿ˵
˼ھȥѰңƷһ
ҵģھȥ
üͷԥƬֳ̣һʦߣʲôԽ̵ģƶǱѧϰмӴԺƻ㵱Ķʦ𾴣ҽԶʦͽҲ죬Ҳʲôתֻƣǰӵжôļ䣬Ƶһȥ
˵֮Ʊʧԣ¯һϼ⽫֣ͽ˰¯֮ڣҲ֮ʧ
Ųƣƾǣ߿գ֮ϣͷųҫ۵ϼ⡣
ʱƣͬǾûгֹ̫Ƽհ㣬յɢϼ֮أЩߵˣٵĻָţܵ˰֮ıӻ
һĻ˶Ŀɿڴڵأ
رǵˣѾƵˣ߰ͷ­𾪵Ķơ
ͬʱǰ˴ŴˣҲȫע⵽һ
еĽ̻ʣƣȻһ֮ӻ𣿿ϧ㽫ΪرעĶ󣡡

Ľ̻ͬƣǺǺǣΰİⳡ˽ȫԵֻͣϧһȻվҪ䣬ȴʼɣ

֮ľҲڿķѵǰ֮ˣǰ޼ڱӻԼļ֮أ

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ɽеѩͬգվߣֻ˵ƣϲ鷳Ұ޼嶨Ϊ鷳
ѩз˫ۣǸǻڻ˵λ񾳽磬ͬʱַֻˣģǵõڶŵ˹µԤ𣿡
ڵؽᱻµȡ
ѩЦ
ȴüͷڶƷһʱ򣬵һҲԤԣڶȻȡĪζ˽Ҳ޷ĵʱˣ
벻ǣǶҪСһվĶ飬޼ػ⵽֣֮ʣֻҪԹۣ˽ܷչһɣֻϧͨҪˣѩص

ǵ׾ȴЦݵţͽŬɣʦ㣡

˹ʿһɽоʮľޣڻָ˴ƣɴڱչ֮УϷգҫ۵ϼɼƣ¹ֻһˣ㣬ΰ̩̹壬Ҳʱ򸴳ˣ˹֮ˣ͵Űɣһ죬̩̹ĳìһ࣡
ͬ˹һƫԶɽ壬һʮվڴͷ·ϣңԶϷƣϣ㲻ҪǸã

һɫɫˣעķ򣬶Ʋ֪Լʹ÷֮Ӱ죬ֻҪԼİ֮ջأɻ˷ӿڣҲһֱͷų
̧ͷգʧ̫֮ѾٴаһһС̫ϿգǲǾͻʧ


602 ϼ
ư֮ȴֿЦҡҡͷ̫ôģ̫İأʹǻ֮޷ˣ˵λˡ
û̫Ҫõɢ
ƺܿһЩɶα겻α
Ȼϲ̬֮жΪӦ֮Ӧ֮Ӧԣ벻ЩΪʲôڻ֡
ǰŮ洲죬ɾԴʥԼ֮ȥ˶֮٣ʹܳɹҲʥѧϰˣ죬ǲ֮꣬ҾͶһѣ
ư֮κȻ֫⣬ǹ⣬ÿһǹ⣬ͬһС͵̫
Ƭ֮䣬ͽγһռ䣬ͷųĹâȴӣ˵۹ã۹۹ԶһЩĵƹƹ嫹
ʮСң˸ַ֮ڣͨūգϿյľ޴Ӱ
֫൱ڽװԼڣ壬ҪǴ½ߵɽ嶼ҪӴĶ࣬ʹ֮⣬ɿԿӰâ֮أ֮С
𾪡
ȫ㵡
û뵽ƻ벻
ǹâ֮أвļˣҲԡƵķ֮£Ƶİ֮ů
ˣ̻ʺȻǸߴıվ
ͬʱڽ̻ҲˣǵļˣǸɳסĵطӴӰ
Ʒ֮£ֹˣ֮һǴ½ǧĹ밮֮ǽеȥˣ̻Ե쳣¡
ÿһζ˵֮ʱҲǴʱǲֻ֣ٵȴѵʱΪѵʱٳ֣ΪǸʱǵ֮ΪϣֻһΪʹʱȥǣǲŻģŻĴ
Ƶƾճ֣İš
ֲһ֣Զȡ͢Ӫ뼸ȫ֮񼣣ʹЩһֱܵԼҵӻҲı
ڵǿµģ͢ǳһ㣬˭Ҳ˵ڵūһԴǶЩ̻ڵ˼Ⱥڿı˶ǵ
յƣ֮䣬ָ֣ͬǵһĻִ䣬̻ûһ㡣
ƣ֣ڽ̻Ƶʶ
ʱƣѾܵڵ޾֮纣һ㣬ƼʹӰԽԽֱ㣬ĸоԼѾת˲䷭һڳš
һڽ̻ʵĴֱӾͷΪʲôֹͣѵҿܿѶԹЩΪβֹ˽ȥ˵ĿѣǶ޹ģӦóΪƷ
ƣҪ˵˭˵Ұڽ͢ûг֣ҷֲڸصУѾǲˣÿʱÿ̲ΪƼڽ̻¦ۣ޳ͷڷƮɢڱ󣬳༫Ϊʣɫȴ쳣ŭ
ǺǺǣΪƭڣҵ۾ѩģҾҪڣζңƵףϼֵ򣬼˶
ƣְɣػ۵·һƵĶ
ƶȥԭʼǹɽڵķ򣬹̻ʺ´̡˾ڸ߿ա
֣ѵҲͶΪˣ̻ʱ£ǲӦͷųһЩ֮⣬һ츣أƷһ䡣
̻ʳĬˣΪǴûзȴǽÿһ˵Ķֱڸˣ֪̻ʵĲΪ
ŴĴҲ׷̤գƺüĿš
׾ȴٵŲƶûƵķϼ֮С
ֻ˵ƣҪصޣ֪ΪҪıҪȥūūгһտƽȣˣһ磬Ĺǲıģ
ֻһ˿ȴҲʦ飬Ҳеʧ֪Լڸʲô֮Թûб㲻Ѿ㹻վ۵ļͷģűؽһĽ֣
ƣʦ𾪣㲻̫ģʦ֧㣬ô϶⵽ȺȴǴ֮ʣӪѾʼֵģʦһйģ׾
ʦҵĹ֮һɣƻ
ƣٲ֣ɾͱҲˣҵҲûʹˣڽ̻жһɫƣ֮ϵһʮּܣʮּȴһˣ֫Ҳúɫţǹ죡


603 Ŀ
ڽ̻ʣȻвңвҲҪ𣿡Ƶɢ
㣿ڽ̻һ£޲ýһ£վûг֣Ϊ֪һ֣ڽ͢ӴԺͻΪĶ
κһĸ߲Ǻڰģ̫ù飬ȴһ˹컯֮¡
úúáƣס飬û˻ᷴڣڽ̻˵գеҲڿն𣬼ϱʮּϾҲţֱǧɣһţĿƼ
ڽ͢ˣȴѡ˰ڡ
̻ʼˣҲֻó֣һʮִ󽣣£â죬âɣ֮ϡ٣ɱ֮ʧ
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Ļ㣬ٵɢǴ½лŲλҲڵűƶȡԼ׷׳֡
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ڶݵʱյ֮γ㹻ǧˣֱӴλļֱλ˼ľ硣
ֻǣûиκԪصķ
ջз˱ů¶Цݡ
ɭаڽ̻ͬҲ¶ЦݣЦȴһЩգаƣӦûȻѾ٣ֹֻĸɣһǣһξ㵱ǣʰ
һƬ񱩵򣬺ˮתγһ޴У¿ȥһ޴Ԩ
Ԩ֮Уһ۵һͷ޴ĺɫϣٵϷУƬ֮䣬˺֮ϡ
벻һССϺ׾ֹ˶˵ӣЦһƤѾѿİİҲʼãڵƺаĶɣϵ䶯ˡ
һߵĿҲԶһŻˮһһĿգ֮䣬ߵԣһŭű۰չűըļ⣬˵ˣ
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ΣվˣӲŭҰģֻҪߵһɱ˸ɱ¾ռ飬ɻһ׳Ц
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׳΢΢ͷЩԶ޷̤ˣǵϣ
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׳Ƭ̣Ҳʧޡ

ģħ뿪޷Ƶ壬վָ˱ò
޷ƵĽҲѩףȡһɫѣ˵ҲƣһֽƣƺǴгģ
ǣ˹ҰҲС˭֪ǱһʥǣֻϧԸǺʵˣħ֮󣬼ʵ˻ǲٵģֻĵĻʵǿϧ
ôҪΥДԸֻҪƵĶץסһɣˣҲģ޷˵
ħգȴһЦģѵҲ𣿡
޷ָ̧ĻħǿεЦʵ˵أ
û㣬һ̶ȥұһ壡ħͷ޷ƺ촽һ£ȴ֮ʧ
סҪշƣҪҵϣ޷˵
˲ҪǣңҪƳΪаĴڣΪǹͬļ壬ͱҪһһ壡֮дħ
޷һЦҲĵȥʧޡ

ƻɱ壬Ļʹ֮УĵͷƼĸΣǴ½˹֪ǲǶݵģȴ֪ⶨһϣ
Щ֮ϵԼǬ֮УƵԺҲ׾йԪذص֪ʶ
Ԫ֮ճ׾ģ׾ıǾʯԪصİأְأ̡֮֮ھʯԪеأƱ޷ѧϰˣΪ޷ʯԪأֻѧϰԪصİء


604 Ľ
׾йذص֪ʶкܶ࣬ҲԪеİأһЩԸְصĽܡ
ƸпǣһԪеİأȫңҲ֪ĳһԪежٰأʹûǸͬ˭Ҳежٷһ
н𣬽˵׼ȷһЩҲеһֽҲԵһأֻǵڵʱȴֿԿŵһϵ̺ء
ٱ簵еĺڰеһְأǵڵʱҲԿһֺԪأͬİء
ɷԪضɵԷХعͬء
ңƻмԪеİͨģͬСİأˮҲСİء
ۣǶͬ
˴ƾһΧĸоȽϼ򵥣ôԽԽӣӵֵĿܣӴĸо
Ļͳأ񣿺ǺǺǡֻ׺һڣƷһп
ַֻںϣȴ̫̫ķ
뷨򣬾ͬҪһĵҲ֮ģԺ·;ǳңԶֲɶ޾ʹ޾Ҳ޷ȫٴΰš
ʲôһſڴ۵˽
գʮ꣬Ѿó죬㷢Ƶ٣׹žʯĥС׹޳ۣԵø˫дϲɫƵǰ˼ɵסƵһֻ۰
ƿĸоѩѾԼĸ첲쳣ʹһ¶
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ǰǰǸʱ춼ĳ˵Ļ䰡ģЦ
һ죬æɿƵĸ첲㻹˵һ˶ƭˣ˭뵽ǸʱȻѾˣأ
ǶҵڣҪҪ
ڿռ棿ϵĺʧ´ơ
Ȼ
ҲҪȥҿڵôģҲˣʹˣ˵ţȻͱ˫ۣͦظпļơ
ˣңƿǸͦı;µգǲķһ䡣
֣ٴβΣ˫̧Сţ׼ƵȾ˹ȥϹʲôأ
ʲôϹ룿Ļ¿㸸ĸһͬµģҵδޣղ˵Ұˣôôַˣ
˭ˣһһֲԣٴμ˭δˣô֪
ҿĸ׶˵ģǸʱûзԣڵ˹ͲϹȥĻԼˣǣѾϲˣ
Ųǣ˭ϲˣ㣿۸ңƵļ仰ǣ飬´󼱣ȴֲ֪λشжʱͱ
Ƽˣæ̧Ҫȥᡣ
ȴŲϡ㣬ԼˣǣҲ棡
Ų飬һҪ˵ҵֻ檲ܽģˣ
㣬㣡
檻δ޶̸ҲУ
գһšס⣬ŭвУ
δˣһץס֣Ц
˭δˣæ֣קקȴûܴƵѣֻܶվƵǰʱŷԼԭôױһǣ˵һһһ񣬶ԼĲܿơ
ϣڣҾͿԽǶйһҵʣɶϵ
һţ͵ջ֣ˣڣٲսȥԺԺ󱾹Ͳˣ
ٺٺ١Ǳһаɣ˵ţſ˫ۣͽ˻С
æ˦磬վû뿪ƵĻֻȴԼߵͨ죬ȻһЩȴһĸоһʱ֪Ǻã
һ̣ͷܵĻȻ˱仯һ粼ǳҹգǹ⻷ܡ
ȻЩǹ䶯ˣһ㣬ٵĻߴһ
һ̾
һӰƮƶٵƵΣվߣЦҵ壡
ΪʲôģΪʲôҵ岻ǣ
ҡҡͷҲ֪ǶǱߣʱ˫ޣңҲѾ˺ӣ
˺ӣü


605 һ
ΪһЩ򣡡˵䣬ƺȻֱס˻С
΢΢㣬Сƽһظʣɫ죬̧ơ
ƿĸоһЩ΢΢˵Ըĺ𣿡
ңһ
ƾĵȴš
ңһû׼ã͵ȡѾ͸˵ƻߵǰľ˷ɫҲԽԽ
ŽڴߵǽߵľգƺȻ͵ͷȥǺļγѪ֭ĺ촽
ءβĸԵøΪţֻоظ·һֻСӣ˫Ҳ͵һץסƵ
˿ǽŵıݣƷǴеĸ𣬱ΣҲʼ˸
һЩʶƬ֮󣬱Ѿˣ΢΢̧գƶԼĴᱡţֻǰδеĸоȫŶԽӲ壬·Ͳе˶ڻһ㣬޷Կأ׵ƵĻС
þá
Ʋķſɫͨ죬ͮͮС죬Ƶ䴷˼£Թ֪۸ң
ٺ١ԴӼĵһۣҾѾ϶δˣ
ģ̧ơ
Ȼģ
㣿ǸʱѾˣ㣿ô⻵Ѿ֪˵ЩʲôˣԽǻ£Խĸоɬѵ߶Ѿôˣ
֪жٷһȢһӣҲǧ˰ٸӲУҽҪǰһСģ˵Ц䣬˫
㻹ѽߣ㣬Ҫȥ۸ңɴԹɫˡ
ҿɿƲסˣͰˣŻֵͷȥ
ңҲǶ֪۸ңæƵĻԶɶȥ
ܲģⱲ㶼ܵԺҵ㶼Ҫȥںһ׷һߺš
׷ѽ׷˵Ц

׷Ҹϣһᣬ˾ӵһ𣬵ĿԵʱѾˣĿȻһЩȴƸоеǵѾڻ
Ҫˣһߣ˵Լļƻ
ʲôҪߣҪչ𣿡
ҡҡͷȥһҷǳҪȴңԶʲôʱԻҲҿ϶һǧ꣬һ꣬ʮꡭ
Ҫô𣿡¶ǵɫѾȫԼƵĻС
Ƶ˵ͷ
ʲôʱߣ
һʱɣ֮ǰһὫãҪ˹Ͳã۹֮ƽ
¶Цݣô˵㻹һʱ뿪أʱ˵ɣɲ͵͵Ķˣ
ԸˣͷһϲҪȥ
ŲҪõķңæӱܡ
ԺҾñ㣡һЦһͬ뿪ڿռ䣬硣
ɶӵţȻɽߣȴڲصҸŤŤӣ˫Ƶؽϴ˴ſңҪȥˣ
һЦŷſȴͻȻƵһ£ŷһȥֻƵĶȴִԺңʹչأҲҪҸϣ
ԼգʧٻӰ¶΢Ц
ƻǱȽ˽ģ˿˵˸ĸ֮˼϶ΪԼδޣһֻܸԼֻ⼸ʮԼΪټϱչأʹûʧȻһҲԶĶ
һ̣ƵɫȻΪԼڿռĳ֣ŮΪķ࣬ԼѾʼˣԭʼԭʼͬᣬӻŮӣΪ˷ԼȺΪԼѪõĴУΪԼӵи˺ѰҸżһ
ڱ뷨ϣŮ˫ޣӶԼķ
ҪǴϵĽϣݣͬΪͻƿѰҸ˫޵һ
ֲҪĽϣֱӽ˫޵ˣưһ
ܿһЦΪﵽ־磬ʵѾˣŮҲһֻƤң֫飬ǰ뷨׹³ˣϲһҪȢҲһζΣҶΪߵĸԶأΪ˸ʶˣҲ˶ϣ֮ʶ·ˡ
ֻЩѾ໥ġŮӣǲԸһֱԼԼҲǸչһһ


606 
걻ֵıɭ֣һΰĺʯɽ֮ϡ
һУڽ̻Īϵվڸ̨֮ϡ
ԻһˣһǺͷ˹ƺѾָ˫ŨŨɱ
һһµŮӣŮͷŴϢ磬üĴһƬҶƣޱ飬һֻԶ۲ĸо
ѾҪϢɱƣڽ͢Ľ̻ʿ˹˵
ӦˣһλȥɣƴΪҲҪٻնɱԱǰ𣡡˹һ뵽͵ϮӶΪ룬еŭֱͷҪǱָ֮ͨҲҪͲãһתͶ̥ˡ
ٻķҲһɱǰŮ˵
˹˿ѵλ񣿡˹ܲķʵ
ʮǰΪﲻľ磬ܲһλ񣬶ʵӦöϼ֮£Ǵ½˶ܿսʹﲻλľ磬Ҳ˶٣սҪɱȴǳѣɱˣ֮㵽ηȥѰң˹Ů˵䣬ĿҲڿ˹ͷҶ״΢΢ͷŵΡ
аգ˹üͷ
뾭֮󣬼ҪƸɱâ̫¶֮ˣȻ⵽˵Ⱥ֮
һɣ̻졢׾ħ׳ѩпվһ
죿Ҳұ֤ԲᱣƵģҪ֪飬Թ͢𺦼ġѩӦҲ֣ΪƵͬ˰޼档Ҫĵľ׾ǿɶǻ׵ˣ٣᲻λҲ˵ǸϼһаģͲһһ£ȥҲһСѣֻҲΪԼ檷࣡˹Ҷü
аˣҲǰ׵ûаڣ̸ĪЦһ
ûл𣬺Ȼںͻ籾Ѿڵģǻ񿨶˹ΪǶһֱ᲻һѵֻаޡŵӺŮܴ磿˹ƺҲһЩޡ
ĪţȴһЦ˵Ƕ񡢸֮񣬵ȵȣǲҲӦõɽأ
ЩӦñĨɱ׵Ĵȥֻе˹ŭһ·뵽ʲôĵ顣
ǿζ˽˭ڱƲ̻Īʵ
˹ü˵д˹ĸ˹ӦҲ֪˹֮֮λãΪƭ˹˹֮λӦþǹ˹ˣ˹һ֮£ȥ˵ڤ磬ṳ̂ɽ
д˹ĸǣȻΪֱӲ飬˹֮λȴԼ壬ǵĶӣʮ̩̹ˣڸ˵Ҳɵʹ࣬϶ʱ̵ŽԼĶǶȳ
⻹˹ԼĶӣϴԤԣ˹֮λᱻȡˣҲ˹ԼĶӣ˽Ĵɣ˹ĶУһЩĶˣǿ֮˭λã

ɶԸƵ⣬ԽԽԶΪǣǲܶ鳩Եġ
ֱĪػ⣺˵ˣЩҲ̸ǿνɣ
˹ǵһ۰ħ֣Ƶ˹ѾʿӦҲƱѩޣΪ̩̹ĺ᲻һδ٣ɽҲ˵룬ǺһЩģȶȡ˽ͳȨ˹˵
ҲҲܿ콫ȥʱּһ£ƼʹҲҪԶ
ھȥʿƺõôˣ˹˵
һȥɣ˳ҲȥǸƣһкεͣ
֮ã
˵䣬Ѿʧ


ã۹ʹ֮УķոմһǵŮ˫ͱɭһŮĺΣΪ޿£
Ǳ£ŮæԼȴ·Ʈ˴ķȡ·
Ĳķ˫кڹһ˵ɣ
һӰ룬鿴ҲǹӵŮķһ񣺡£Ѿ˲ټ
ڷ𣿿ķɫһϲ


607 ķ
ҡҡͷѾﵽλżľ磬ֻһԽλҵȸĶ֣
ôҷ޵ķ˫ٽ
ֻ˵ȴﵽλٻ
ںδ
嫹ڣ
嫹ʲôķɻ
ҡҡͷҲ´Ϣֻһ·ͽУƺʲôû󲿷ʱ䶼Ǹһ𣡡
ķһǱҪһˣȥͰڽ͢ٹͨͨʲôʱֶԸƣ֪ͨһ⣬֮ǰҵǸŮӿϢ
ҡͷѾ෽Ͱڽ͢ҲͨȴûʶǸŮӣ
͹ˣǸŮӣҲλľ磬ںηķĬˡ
Ǿ̧ʱȴȻסˣĿⶨںξһ
ΪʲôҲ˲䷴Ӧȴûжǻתűƾճֵһˡ
߷Ǳƣ˫д΢Ц飬ķķ𼤶һǴ̸ģ
̸ķ˫ڹһ
㸸׿ڴӦģ֮£֮£㻹ΪԽɱӶ̲ɣ
ķͷ­ͦţֱĶƣȴûлش
ϴһսʧӣ¼ʹҪҲǲܵˣҵʵȴЩӣȫΪҵĿܾţ˲֮ʿԣƾӣ㲻ҵĶ֣ͬĻҲһ䣡
һ֣ϼֳ̡ݡŮƵߣ˫ȻĶŲķ
λ񣿡ķû˿η壬෴ȴʮּʣȢ˽檣ȢôŮӡ
ѾɵŮѾ˷츲صı仯رǶͷƣԵŮס
ΪƾǼ䣿ķȻЦ
û䣬ΪҽרɱģƵĻ˵ҲѾĻ
ĸòǹ˲ķڣַ֮롣
䣡
ķͬһ˲֫⣬Ѫꡣ
ֻǣȥץסķʱһӰȻƿ˿ռ䣬ͼС
ܣһͨȻֱ֣ӾͽӰ
Ӱ¶ԭΣԭһű˵ࡣ
ͨ룬Ѿ󣬻⬰Ĺޣ޹͸֫ű
ͨҲڼͷųһȦɫĹĻ޸
ء
ϵļ̺Ȼɢ֫ҲǣȻ͸ͨͷųĹĻߵŮȥ
Сģ³һȵȥһСľż
Сľż󣬻һŮֻ֫裬㽫ĴǸץУβ˷˲ǰƣûͨͷųϼ֮У׼ɫ⬾ơ
⿴һƣڲεĴϵʱȴǼֱӻɷĩײ˴⬵ıϣһ죺أ
Ѿ׸ߵĴ⬱ѳһ϶ڵѪա
һ̣ŮҲͬʱ֣ÿ˵һСľżɵˣзλͬдԪ磡
һʵĻ˴⬵ϣ⬶ٸһĴǹĻ֮ϣȴûκεá
дԪСľżеǱһ壬ʱڣԻûκһˡ
ϣСһһ
ϳɵ˲СѹȵĴҲòСΣľͻȭͷСࡣ

ٴһ֮кȻһ۵ļ⣬ŷһҲһ󼱾ĲķԲĿռ䶼һһΣΧĿռҲ⼱Ĳ˺ѣγһȦȦĺɫѷ졣
ûֵĸڲıըȻ˲򣬴ʹնҪݡ
գ
Ůͬʱһ˫ջأһйޡ
ƼˣҲ΢𾪣ѾСľż϶Ȼʮȴ˳̶ȣʮֵĿ϶ʹԼСľżУҲֻһ
˵Լλ¶Ҫˡ
λͬԴ󷨣һλֻһοڵǻڱŮʹ÷
϶ɵдԪҪĿռȹʹλ޷ƿ롣
˲ķͬһ˲䣬ԶߵħҲһвǿ󷨣ȻҵɱѾʧˣ˵̫磬Д㣬Ҳһ㣬һ޷Ҹ֪Ұĵˣʹ׹䣬Ҳ޷ƿأԣҪ
ã۶кǾ¶ЦݣԵøɭ


608 
¶ɭЦݵͬʱȴҲڰˣӦѡңǸܵĲķ
Ŷô˵Ұĸ󣿡ﴫһ
ҰҪҪжķȻúܴȴһЩһЩհǰ˺챻ɱ˫ҰܺãҪѡ˵ĻҵǿΪƼһ鰵
˭
ΪӣʵŮӣһҰģ
ע⵽ֻϧȴоκεҰģһ˼ӦҵҪ㣬ŮǺˣΪҵĸоԼҵ˲ͬ
飬ֻȥʲãˣصͬʱҲѾı䵭һźʧڲã۶֮С
һʧƵĿͷ˺ղλϣüͷΪղоһΣա
˲ķҲȴһѹĿڵ飬ֻδ飬λҲʵˡ
ջͨŮҲջСľż˼Ҫνã۹е˵ʱѩδԶ۶
˫գѩ쳣࣬Ķƣһﲻ
ȴһЦѩˣһֱңһ᲻˼ģ
ѩȷʵҲ˵޳ŮʹһЩпƳªˣҲΪ˼ҹΪ۵㲻ͬûͬ飬͸оԼȽʺԼݣԼΪ
ƣѾûʲôˣ밢޼壬Ȼܰ޼ǵأΣѩϲŭĻһ䡣
ˣѩӦ֪ǲ˵ģرЦЦ
Ҵ˵ٻԸԸ⣬Լǣѩ
ŶԭΪԷֻ˵Цȴһ㲻ǷǷǣҲ͸ѩ˼
ôˣѩ¶Ц
Ҽ밢޼壬ʲôôӦ֪ѾʦˣƷʵ
ôҰ޼ıӻ
⻰˵̫Ʈ죬һƣҵԿǿǣ
ƣѩüָ̧ྫµĶͷҲǲܸ㣬ҪӦңгһȥ磬ҪҰ޼Ĳǲ
ǲǲûˣ
ɣȡڵĻҴﵽ񾳽磬ԽΪ޼ĳϣҪκɣ㣡ѩ˫һ˿ľ⡣
ȡڵĻôҪֶԸˣǰ̤һСŮ
Ҷ֣ҪȥѾѣȻܾһᣬҲǿ󣬻ˣΪ֮ɣѩƮȻȥ
ƿʧٻӰüͷ
๫ŮΧ£˹
赣ǣҪɱҵ˺ֵܶ࣬ܵģ»٣˵䣬Ҳ̧һ׹⣬׹ûȴˡ
ͲƵǰֻɫлһЩ졣
۶һ۾ϳ˴ʱĵط
ķѾɱҲΪǱ˳𣬶ʼҵ飬޷֣λֻܿԼȡˣƻص
صĵ˵ͷ
ֶĿȴߵļŮϣŮͷơ
ֶлѵ
ֶŷӦлл㣬ƣˣأ
ֶ˵ţѾȥ
ҲȥɣԺ飬㾡ܵԼλҲܶȲ֮ٿԸԸ⵱ʵۣ
ǣƾϹһ
Ƶ˵ͷŮƾʧ˹Ųƶȥ

˹Сɽ壬ãڴͷһʯϣת֮µĸĸ˲һѪҲΪڴеĴ峤λӢۡ
ǺȻֻоһʹŲܿưĴã
˭ãһȻΪûдﵽλ񣬿ȴλ񣬲ҽ֮֮ǰ֪ⲢԼħ
ú£ֻһ飡
ǺˣãѹľԼҪݳ뷨
֪ãٴδ
ʲô
ҪʣٷϻҾɢתûлᣡ
仰ãֻоȻɢһɾ޴˲ͽ궼޷塣
ǰҪ֪ʲô֪ŮСڲͬãһ
ˣ
ˣ
֪ĸĸôģ
ĸĸСʱ˫˫ˣԭҲƺǱɱĸȻͬգȴԶĲգΪҲߣעԭҲΪڳʱ飬ʱҾͲĲͬ͸һãʵĻص


609 ĸĸ
ɱеĬƬ̣ǰʲôΪ
Ǹʱֻʥ򾳽磡
ʥ򾳽磿֪ǲںδ
֪
Ȼ֪ھʹȥ
ã͸одһɴ֮ã۹ɡ
ûй̫ããһķϵǰʱȴ¶ɻɫ
ôֻľͷˣã
ѵĸʱʬ嶼ûУֻľͷ˴
ҾͲˣΪʱҲôעһˣһڲСʱ͸һֱ󣬳Ϊã۹ľҲע⵽ҲӦݣڲγɳģȴ
ͦصģûˣúõɣ˳ٸһ飬ӲķѾɱˣ
ãգüһȴûйķӦѾֽˣǰҲȽϵȻһЩʹȴ޷ʹ顣
ʧã˲ͷ亹һԷʲôˣѵ񣿡

嫹ڹҲһĵ۹ã۹˶٣ʮʱ䣬Ҳֻߵ˺嫹в
ʱһɽҰˮߣ緲һˮеˮ˼ڣȻϴһ££ͷҷҪֱ
ǺȻĿͶԼˮ̶еĵӰϣΪ⵹ӰȻ˱仯һӵ󣬲һ
͵վɫصǺˣ
Ǻ˲ҪҪǣ㣬ĸĸû
ʲôһܣǵʬµģɱǵĳˣҲնɱģ
ǺǺǡȻ֪ˮ̶еĵӰڲǰγһɫĲӰЦЦĿŲ
Ҳ֪ʲô
㲻֪㸸ĸʬֻǼҲ˵ľͷûɣĸĸûֻǲҪŮԲļ󣬶֮ǼȥңˣŮ˰ֻϧȻװ磬ȴԶܱˣȻﵽȴԶ޷Ԫذأ
˵ҸĸԲҵģɫȻüûΪĸʬǼе⣬Ϊǰݼʱ򣬾ѾˣʱΪǱ˵ȴܷĹûаȻɻ󣬿ȴһֱ²ⲻ͸֮ûȥݼ
ӲԼԸȻԪءΪǴڽӴк㸸ĸΪƲ㣬ôһƭǻ㣿
գټ÷ǳ侲һ䣺֪Ҹĸ
Ӱص
ǣ
Ȼ
ڶţ
κ˻ĶҪ󣡡
ҵĿʲôʡ
ָѪҺɾ;ӦˣӦôﵽλľ磡
ֻǶŶԷȴûлش
ȻΪ޷ԪضⲢһǻ£ֻҪ㾫ͨ˷һͻǲﵽҪľ磡
Ҹ򣿡ڶˡ
ܣҾͲ㣡Ӱص
ҲСףûѵָͣ״Ϊʲô
ǺǺǣΪҵΪõָ㣬ΪҪžʹûӰЦ
δ
ֻҪԸ⣬ҿֱӸϷʱͿֱͻڵƿֱλ񾳽磡
ҪΰҸ򣿡ޱһ䣬ȻԷ˵ûĿģǲɸоһЩġ
ңʲôӰʵ
룿˼֮ǰǱǿڵȴڱǿĹУܼ֮ͬȴûн뷨߶Էһ䣺Ҫ𣿡
ȻҪʵɣѪ߹Ѫ֮һĳɾ;ԲӦֻˣǵɽֻеܼԼĸĸ
ɽ磿ǲ졣
ĸĸʱڻЦǵУ㱾ǸӦóֵˣֻҪԶûڷ磬ЩһϲֻǸ
ȺӰ˵꣬Ȼֱü˵ҸĸԲ뷨
ǲ뷨ֻҪҵİţԺȻ֪Ǻӳζ˵ģɢ֮ʱŻףĸУǶôı΢ϵĲݽһǸͲ
סڣٴζٺһ˫ȭգŭĶźӰ׼ǰһȭ


610 ŭ
ȭ˺Ӱ֮ϣȴûκεãǴдˮ̶֮Уһ죬ˮݳһӣ̶Ľ𣬷˰ա
䡭
ˮˮˮ̶ͣϵɢ
ճյĿˮ棬ֻоԼģˮ治ɢޱȿյĿҲɢ
ôһ죬֪ҪҪ֪һУ£㻹Ҫֻﵽ˼ߵľ磬ܳǸĸߣܱӣʱԵΪˣ֤Ϲ۾㵱һӰο
Ҫβܸ򣿡Ŀ¾۽˺Ӱϡ
޷κεԪذأֻܼãôܸӰʡ
ҡҡͷĿ·ˮϣˮڵͣϡ
ŭҰģܸǿһӵŭĵͻͻᱶӵҰģ͸Ϊֱǰȱٵľ
ŭҰģɻˣȴȭͷĶš
ߣҴȥһˣӰ˵գȻͻһźƣɣ
ԥһ£վһԾϣ̤ơ
һ̣΢΢һ㽫ֻоǰһڣȻı仯۾ʱѾһƬˣһ˱ǣͷȥȻһ޼ʵĴ󺣡
»ɺӰӰԱߣȴֶһˣͷϰէ𣬹ͭɫƤԵ쳣࣬ŭĶŲ
Ҳ֮ǰλǧڻ̸߽֮ˡ
þã˲΢΢˵ͷ㻹
ɻ󣬵ȴܸоԷǿ󣬿ʵǰǣ
Խūģ
ūģΪ仹֡
ū̧֣΢΢һɫĻڶ𣬼̶ۼһ㣬γһľ壬ֻȴǺ£һģûţһ֣ɳģ˲ǰһŷŭӣֻҪ㽫Լ࣬úͻ᲻ϵ׳󣬵ʱóŭͨŭ֮򣡡
ŭ֮򣿡̧֣ɫĻġ
ãſʵҪνԼ֪ࣿǷҵ𵽲Ӱ죿
Ȼᣬĸ˲ŭûŭ𣿾ЩħޣҲ벻ŭֻһӣֻŵʱ򣬲ܲ
Ժ壬ܷܼʡ
һڣԶ壬𣬻ɢ
ˣλ۷徳ǵҪȫĶ࣬ĶԷ᲻ͨŭӣԼ
ɵһ뵽ĸ飬еŭڶһݣſڽӸ˸С
ƺԼһڣԶû֮Уŭںһ𣬼̶΢΢ſ
һ˲䣬ֻоһµӣֱȫȫ˲ȭͷһȫžžͣڲѪҺ٣ɫͨ죬̧ȭͷ׼·һȭ
䡭
·ĺȻݣֱˮѹܿӿγɺХͷ
䡭
һȭһȭķй֮е
һƬеϺ͵ùˣըɣԲﺣ򵽴Ǹ㡣
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ͨʱ䷨ļ٣һٰʮڳɳ׳
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ΪͣԷȴѾﵽ޷֮ľ硣
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ƴʱҲȽìܣַ㼯һƣȴûл㼯һ㣬㼯һĻȻͬղţᷢ޴ıըǣ޷ַɵĻ
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ء
ѣƵĴ־ͱֱ飬۰飬˲䵯ڿռ䶯
Ī˵ĹûֹͣƵ֮ٴƱ塣
Ƽˣüͷ壬һб£


617 ۻ
һֱ֮Ӿ㣬ϵȥԽѹԽƲòռ֮ȫƿ͸㣬ֱ̫ա
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󿴣ǲĪҲ
ǵһˣѩ׾̻춼ҲУһʮλ
Ҷˣƿһ̫֮Уɵðһ
̫գѾǵֻ죬ĸԪضǳϡ٣ǹͺڰ࣬Ȼչ䣬ΪûĹˣǹâ̫֮к޷ֱڣԪص˶Ҵ̫ա
ֻƾ豾֮üΪϡ١
ŴȻˣ˿˵
ֻǾŴ壬˴Ҳ˰ɣƻصԼһʮˡ
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Ҽǵͽ˵ĳЩƺϲͽץ˼ҵӣǲǣͽ׾Ƶļͷ˵䣬ܷܷҲ
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ҿһЩЦݣλʦǶҵĺʦ»˵ЩʱЩ˻Ҫͽأ
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ƲˣŮҲĿԷĿ¶׹˦ͷĪ塢ǲˡ
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ڻʱҺò׾ۻᵽһҵҪʴңǷӵָ
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ڻʱҲҪͽﵽλУ׾ٴһ
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ƵĿɨӣŷ֮ǰƵĹơ
涨ǳֲģ뵽ҪȥҶһȥɣ׾ƺΪѵ
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˱⾪һ׵һ£׷׾ĿȥҶʶǾŴĺնǵļ޷ɣն壬û˲֪Ϊĸ벻󣬶ն弸еĴ衣
նĻ˹壬ҵ̻˾˹Ƶġ
˹һλλ޷ɵվͦŸӣһϺһ΢ЦĴˡ


618 Գì
˹ǵļ˽ˣһӣһɫĻۣͷ𷢣Եùʮ㡣
޷˼ֻ࣬յĲƸ֪Ϊ˱ȽԲ˹֧ߣֻ׸ͲмһˣԲŸ˵ôһ
ƶ˵ԸȴȽϲЦôλ뿴֣
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׾һһңֱƵļͷͬģ
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׾ˣɫʱǰ׵ƣһƶҪǿĶ࣬Ĵ޲Ǹ߼ľ磬ȻԶͣǸ磬ȴѾڼߵΪˡ
֮ãɲĶеһеĳìǱ֮ǹĳƺȻ֮ǹȴܶһЩ֮ǹ־ֻҪȻĿꡣ
ֻҪĹĪ屾϶Ҫܵķɡ
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ء
һٵľʯײ׾ͱһˮһľ֮ڣ˫̧ˮɼӭ֮ǹͷɻ˹ȥ

ײ֮ǹ˼ˮɹִ׾ǰ
׾ɫѾص˼㣬ԽԽĺɫǹٴαһ磡
䣡
һ죬һ޴ˮƾֱֳǧ֮ңɹĽ֮ǹ档


619 ǲ
޴ɫ͸ľ򣬽֮ǹ棬׾ųһ
һ̣˵ĿٴοǾ޴֮ϵá
ΪúȻһ˫Ķһ޴ĺɫͳУһľ޼۶ɣһƿգ޼ֱǾ
ޱȣӴ磬Ƴգû˾֮С
Ȼһ죬ֱӱ飬ڹһû׾ţ̶һ
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ʦƾһ˲˹ȥһӣͽ׾ѪץС
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ȴٵ˱ץеѪ⣬ָ׾ıĿɫ԰ޱȣû˿Ѫɫȡ֮ǣһɫ˿ת
ڽ͢Ȼͨ򣡡һ۾Ϳеŵһɲֻмǿ̺֮׾񣬽֮֮ڣʹ׾Ϊʧĸ
ͬʱҲԼڵİ֮ͼ޸׾ڵĴˡ
׾ȴֹˣСƣˣ׵ķķȻڻָˣɱϾ̫СʡԸǰɣ
ʦûϵһ׾ĺ󱳣ͷ֮
׾ʱûд·۵֮һɫսף֮͸ɫսףԴԴϵ׾ڣͼ֮࿹⡣
ƺܿͷ׾еĵˣԼķ֮Ȼ֮ˣ֮ǰͬĺͯκεá
ˣƲʽĪ
ղĪǲ˶ûз٣ûʹó֮µʽ
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Ҫ֪һնȥķ뱾ŽȻ෴ԪأԵȸ涼ͬڱķпǷɱ֡
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һ̣ƾͳǲǰƮƮһƣǲ
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ء
һưǲţǲ˫Ҳסӡ
Ȼ۰һɫĻ棬ǲ˫֮ϣ͸ֳһ˪ٵֱӡ

죬ǲԶ˫ۣǰƬҲɣμٺˣ˫˲۶ɣ֮ϣҲֳһɫһμҲһ˳ǹͺǹ˹
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ҵȸзȸпȸǵ츳Ĵʥͬ߱һ񼼣ЩҲȫԿ򣡡ս࣬ƴ
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ǲսڳǲҪͬĪս׾ٵȡʤȴǳ룬սϣͳ׾֡
Ҳͨ˴սʵ죬ƺϴԼԾʱҲûʹȫ
ʵƲû˼ĹǶôĳԤϣʱ֮£˲ƹӲƴܶ㿪Ĵıըٻ壬򣬼ܶ㿪͵ֿ


620 ʿ
ǲˣʱûзеɱﵣ𽥱ǿնԷ㣬ЧĹڹʧ֣𺦹
˿ʿҲͬԶնƴţ׾ԭشޡ
һֻʣһˡ
ڽ͢ħȴмλˡ
ڽ͢˹˹ħһλλһ׳ˣϢƤϺڣ˫ߣضơ
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⣬ǰʽһȴʱ֮µĹˡ
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֪ιǰˣһԽɱʿȴһ
һ˲䣬ʿĺΣ屶֮֮Ҳ㼯һ㣬һ˲ߡ
ߣԼͬҲҪ޴ıըˣʱ٣ʹ˲ƶûȫߵĿܡ
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һ죬֮˲ͻޱȵĺڶͷ·ƾճһ㣬ʧˡ
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ֱӾ˲Ƶʮ֮⣬ûκεĸоֻǵһʿʱȴʿѾˣѾʧֻ㼯һķֱ񻯳ɷĩ̶ռ֮еĿɣĻᶼûС
ͬʱĳһ֮ۡУһʿһģһĴҲҽһһѪֱӾͻһͷȻܣ˻֮

޾ǿգ˶ڳĬйۿ𽥺£ľ޴ڶ̶˲Ƶ˿ߵơ
˹ҲɵԶڶսеǲҲ׷һУ˿𾪵Ķ·ص㡣
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ʱ䷨һʱ䷨ĳƻͨʱ䷨찡СҲ̫˰ɣʲô򲻻ˣǻӵһĿռ䷨ģ˸̾

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ҡҡͷһЩĶƣֵܣ͵ϮÿҷУ˵ʿҵģΪʲôҪ
ǺǺǣҲǵ㱻ʿ𣿡Ц
һδԴ̫СˣҲ̫С̩̹һˣϿ㣬ղһϿϣҲҪʿһˣ
ˣȻû£ҹսʣµսͽˣֱΣĿǲͷţϣǲһսɣʹİӰóķٻǿ
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˱ܿǲƵĹ˼ɵ˺εȳ̶ȣڵģ񹥻ʿһιѾԼϣֻлѪаȫУʹһ뱻ٻһôͲ
һ壬ǲȫ
ƼһĻȴԻҾһɱ
ƵԺٴθֳɹ֮еĸ
ʵӵжʮ޷ƣһﵽλ߽ףԶʹһˡ
ޣľ֮ľ֮Ŀβصѵ֮ѻɳõĹºβ𻢵Ļ֮ХˮıӰء
ȸޡ׻ޡޣÿһ޶ӵһ츳츳Ҳ֮ΪҲ˵ǶһԪذصá
ѧϰѾ߱Ƕڵȴ׳󣬵ȴƵķ֡
ʮ޷Ԫػϵ൱ڶʮ¼
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ƾͻ˶ʮ˷ʮֿԪذعλ½ʩչһޣǿ֮УÿһιܳɹĽһǲķ
رǵʮ˷ϳǿմʱһαǲֻҪǳתռ֮ѹ֮ɱǲķһ


621 ȫ
ȻƵĹѶȣȫǲı壬ȴҲƻɱ˳֣赣ǲķ
Ȼưǵǲȴ¼رްӰǲĳ·𿴵һǰǸˣǸħħȴ̩̹һħΪˣĴ׷սʱǲͲԸսС
Ϊǲֻΰħ񣬲ӵǿӵôħôħػ
ЩսеҲ쳣Ȼ֮ǰͷųķâǸ𺳡
ȫţšֻۣǶƵĸо
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ȷʵƣͲ˭ˣ٣ʹλһս֮ʱ֮£˭ֿܵʹɱԷҲߡ
ȻǶԷͨռʱһϵء
Ƽǲ֣ҲٵĻ˱壬ȤĿǲôˣ
ǲĽƣûΪը˶¶η壬ķǲôģһл꣬´þãſ˵ȻҶĶ֣ǴӴԺ밵ڽ͢飬ħٲ֣ƣҲòҪħ飡
һЦħûʲôϸֻҪػҵ˵ĻҲҪ˵ģ
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һȥǿƺԵĪҲ֪һսֻܵˣٴȥֻԼһԿݺݵĶãһ֣˹˹ǿգ㡣
ٺ٣ˣû˼ٺ٣ղŴͦʣƣĿռ˲ƺܲҺնΣ޷ɿ㱣֤ԻǰǿƼ㣬֤ԺзĲƣ޷Ц
ллǰ⣬ѾʦˣʦԵĻҵ⣡Ц
棿׾ǿԸ⣿޷ֿ˿Ů
һɣ޷ɣƤܲܲҪôͽܣԸø𣿡
޷ըգۣ治Ը⣬¶⣬Ҽ£гһգƻԸҺնҲһˣ
޷һ֮ξȻƾʧ
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ѩһȥƣЩƣС㣡
һЦϣܸľϲ
ϣ˰ɣѩתμȥ
գֻʣʦͽ˺;˿
˵ǲ˵ĲʿԻ鷳ģֵܣҪСģ
һЦǸǻǻ㲻ȻϿлˣ


622 ʦ
лʲôϿ£ǿ飬㻹ͦʣ㣬ʿı̩̹˹ָ߹ѪҺϵĺĸ̩̹ԾӣǲһѪҺˣʿĳԹͲܻˣҲõģϿڣʹˣҲϿţԼظ֤
̩̹壿ƻԼ˽⣬ɹд֪ʶڵƣҲѾǵǸһ֪ëͷСˡ
̩̹壬˵׼ȷһЩ˹ĸˣǴǺ͵һŮ̩̹һʮΪʮ̩̹˹ĸסڶʮ̩̹֮һҲ˵̩̹壬ࡣ
ƣҺܺ棬ѵľͨȫϵԪذأɻ
ÿһԪأȷʵٻһְأ
΢΢˵ͷĺϿҲȸˣͷ˹úõʹȼ룡
ȥˡ
ƿһ׾ߣȻ˵ֱӾͽ׾
㣿׾ܳԾæ˫ȥơ
ʦڿˣǸˣԪϡȱѵﾲ𣿱ˣ˫۽˽һ׾ȲһסԼĻ
׾ڵɴ˫ƺʲôһЦͷƵϣȻЦЦеĿ
ˣüһ׹䡣
ƶһͬԽ㣬Ͽյʱ򣬷ûȥ±£̤ƣǡ
ʦҴʦȷسǣ˵
ʲôʦΪʲôСǴ󣿡׾ܲ⡣
ȴƳһ׾㱾С
㣿׾˫ƿƣüŭС
СǴа̣ô㻹Ҵ򣿡
ʹ㲻ɣ׾˫۾Ҫ
һһѴӺ汧ס׾˫ץֱۣʦ㻹˰ɣ
㣿ſңСӣȻҲҶʦУԺĴʦ׾
úúãʦٲޣƾ͸ȬˣʱʦĲ͸ˣȰ
仰ͦã׾գͻһۣƣ
ָ̧ϵ㷢΢ЦôΪ˸ʦͺ˲ƣһħ׳ǣ
УƣһسǣҪңһֱ˺Ϊֹ׾Ҳơ
ƷˣֵͽܱȵɷѣǻȢλı𣬲֪ôģƤֱҿվ¶ģ˵ʦʱҾŶʦɣˣͲҪͲһʶˣҵĪǻöʦ֮͵Ϯ
仰׾ܣȻ˵ԼȴԼһʶԼʲôѵǸС
ɲŭƱȰʦȻȥôôͽܱߣ
˵꣬ƻͷӣȴ׾
׾ˣڸЦݣŤͷưһЦ˫۾ʹƵļͷſƵϡ
˫ֱס׾ȲŲŲת˵ʦȶʦ˺úҾȥ㣡
ߣһֱʦɣԶҲħ׳ǣ˪³һλһ̣Ƭ֮䣬ʧƬա
һЦṳ̂գȥ
׾ʵԸƵıϣΪоԼؼȫѹƵĺ󱳣ƵϵĴһ뵽ҲобһЩɬȻѾ˵ӣȴڱ֮ǰնģûĸ׽Ҳ֮ĸо
Ůص֮طȴʹŮ֮һһʱ򣬼ʹҲ޷еĸܡ
׾ıȻѪ⣬ȴҲһ޷֮⣬һжͬˡ
رΰ˫֣ʱҲһˣѪҪɡ
⵽ô£ѵҲط֮һ𣿡׾һŮ֮ʵ㹻ˣɴǰµģȴڲͬĸоƺǰΪĶǴģԺвľͻЩ˷ҹ֮׾˳˼
Ʋţһոֱ׼ŮʦرǱĥ䣬ҲѾµһЩ뷨ˣ׾ĸֱ˫ֲıΰָƺҲǲͬ


623 ѰҾʥ
ʦóҵļˣſұϰɣ㻹ˣʡƿ˵
׾˼лָ֪Լ˫ƵļԼ϶Ƹ˫סƵĲӣ壬ȫƵĻУͽͷƵļͷ
ٺ٣ŹԣƵ˫׾ΰ꣬΢΢һ壬׾αһ
СѵʦĶҲԣ㲻ǻ˲ĥʲôͲ±ڽ͢Ǹڰ·ϣ׾һЩƵ̧Ƶͷôһ¡
ٺ٣ʦ˲ƿǺܷѾģرǴһ˲ƣң˲Ҳ̫ʦǻ·ĺãҲǰڽ͢ˣֻҪǸ֤ȥ޻أЦ
ߣбˣղŶ˵ʦˣʦѾˣΪʲôҾûԼǵˣ׾˫סƣƵıϡ
ʦǹ˵˴ʦģҪʦ϶ͬȥģ
֪˵⣬ԺٽҶʦû׾̧סƵĶ䡣
ʦǺοأ󵽰ɣʦ֪֪СǸ۰ģ
ʲôС۰˵ʲôأ׾мһЩɫԵա
ʦʦ㣬Ūˣ˵ǵСʦͽ۰㲻𣿡һţ˫Ҳסƺΰꡣ
ѽס֣׾ֱ֫ΰ͵һ
Ҿͷ֣ƺȻЦ˫ȴһġ
㣿ͽȻʦ۸׾ڷˣƵļ򣬾ҪƵı
ٺ٣ʦˣԣ
㣿ͽ׾ڳ˫֣ͽƵֻ䶼ץסˣһš
ʦˣҿɾİˣȥħ׳ǣ˵ţҪ֡
ңҪȥħ׳ǣԶʦˣ׾ȥ˫͵סƵĲӣ壬ٴƵıϡ
ٺ٣Źԣ˾Ҫ֪𣿡ЦһٶҲȻӿ졣
׾ҪǼ֮£ʹֻܽסƣԼ׹䣬紵֮£ڶ޷ˡ
аЦٶҲԽԽ죬׾ֻԽԽ
һ·֮£ƿĳһЩվǲˣһЩϻ𣬺ںܿʹ˳ǣֱӴ׾˲ң˴֮ϡ
ֻǣƿ׾ɫ֮ȴһЩۣΪ׾ɫĺƺּ࣬ɫȫʦ⵽ô£
׾ɫ԰׵ĪʹóǸߵȷ֮һҵıֻм޷ųڵƺڼأ
Ҫô죿ʦʲôҲһЩһЩ·ϵĵ顣
׾˵ҽԼվû³Ǿ仰ĬƬֻ̣ǾʥľʥŮ˿Ҿ쿵
ʦôҵңھʹʦȥ壡һͬʱٴν׾ĸ˻С
׾뷴ԣǿжɫվǳĬƽڻ
ڳǲûдãƱ׾˲ƶȥֻһΣ֮ģ׾ֱڿռ䣬һ˸Ƭ½Ķ
ľǺ;ʥضǴ½ĶȻ֪׼ȷص㣬Ǵµķλܰյġ
һ·֮ϣȴҲңԶƵİ׾Ĳ鵢󣬸ǽʹʱٷ֮˼ǰǺˡ
ŵ׾ڻУʱ׾ȴǳռ֮С
ʦѾＫˣǾʥƵͷͬڿԼ׾
׾æգգۣӻȻлָʶ̽ܣ˵ϼ͵ˣʥؿɲǣһ۾ܿӰһƬɽ֮У֮ͨţܽľʥأֻǣһǱȽģϲõĶðķȥӰǣ
ƻæͷ˲֮·ȻһƬֺľ޴ľ纣ϵΣԲȫɫһֻоƢ̾ȻǸõطﶼһֳϢĸоֻǾ֮ŵںδ
ƵĿռ֮ʼֺ̽ϸѰ


624 ˿
֮Ų̶ֻԵ˳ھͷųķȥ̽飡׾͵
Ƶͷ֮ϣͷųһϼ⣬֮ڣڿռ֮ĸ£·ֺ֮С
ЩľڵõЩ֮󣬾ܵ˴ĸʢ͵Ҷ·ˮϴһ㣬紵֮£ҡҷԵ쳣
ʱ䲢ûгãƾͷҵĴ֮ڣȻһ»Ĺââͬһ£ϣǴأ·һ˴֮С
֮£ƾնţɳгգ֮䣬Ƶǰ
༫Ϊ߹Ůӣɫķ˿ӣʵظ΢΢¶Źϸ֫Ө񣬺չ⣬˫޳Χһ׵ĶĳȹӦһƣŮ򾳽硣
λơƽܵ
ֻδ꣬ŮеһŮ㿪˵֪˭Ҽҽǽǵʥأ
лˣ
Ʊ׾ŶŮܿ˱ڸǰ·һռĴţͬҸ֮ң͸ţκζֻããһƬ
ŶŮһ̤ͬУװʧȡ֮һƬ硣
̤͵ݣͷգۿȥܷƽơ
ǰ·ĶŮܿڷɶֻø棬ģľԽԽ࣬ȴԽԽ٣ҲԽԽߴ֦ҶԽԽïܡ
ȻǰһþľƵĿԲǧһһֱصףĵɣֱȻﵽ˰һһƬɭ֣Χ뵵ϢȻʵۿɲ飬ˮɵһƥžľܣ쳣
֦֦ҶȫǰɫĴִ֦ϣľݣľҲסŲͬľ顣
뵽ֵķΧ֮󣬶ʱ͸оϢŨʹȫĺëϢ궼˷ܵĲš
̤һ֮ϣһֱĴֱͨڵλãһ֦⣬ɵϷ֯һɫȣʹƸӸ̾⾫ʥص漣
ɱ׾ĸڶŮżԿȥһˣЩӼ٣ŮӣվԼľǰĿעţ˶ƺһЩӡ
Ȼ뵽׾ĸ룬æ֮ͷųԼϼ֮С
ȻƵİ֮ͷţʱԹ¶֮ɫ̶ǵӵĿҲ
ʱţƾ͸ŶŮǰһɼ֦ͬɵĶѨųſվһͷڣðɫȨȵĳŮӣҲ֮ǰƼǸʥŮ˿
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˿΢΢һЦĿˣһͬݣ
˿û̧Լۣͽƶӭӵ֮ڡ
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룬һɵͬϸһ㣬ı˿ϣӭƽĶŮվԡ
׾վ˿ҵĵط
δ˵˿³ɽȪĿˣܷȲ²ǵ⣿
һЦ˵ͷֿ˿׾׾ҲûȴüͷܸоԼƺͶԷһȣԭǿƽƽģ
ӦΪ׾ڵ֮İɣ˿Ŀ׾ϡ
ʥŮȣ׾ؽ׾ڻص
׾Ҳ㣬Ӧ֪㣬Ҿ͵ڵף𣿡˿Ϲº͵ЦݣϣԵ쳣߹
ܾʦһʲôҪҶԴӦһЩζ
棿˵ӴҪԶھʥأİ̵֮ҵƣ֪Ը⣿˿Цһ
ƵɫʱͳԵ쳣Ϊѡ
Ҿ֪㲻ͬ⣬ŻģҿԾʦҪӦ˿ٴЦ
ųһ֪
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׾üһ壬ƣվǷŮĴ£뿪ɽ
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625 
ƾĶű˿˿Ҳ͵Ķơ
ʱµǣȿʵ
Ϊǰ㼱Уδ˵֮ǰҪ㼸⣬֪ɷ񣿡˿̧֣ʾ
Ҳٿֻ׵ľϣŤͷű˿ʡ
ҹսƺͨȫϵأַǷ񣿡
Ƶ˵ͷ
ɷ֪㵽׾ַͨ򣿡
֣ƿһ
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Ҳվ΢ЦʹҲ˵رҲѾ˰ɣ
ʱ䡢ռ䡢ġĺ֪㻹ʲô浽̲Ŷٱأ˿˫ֱǰ㣬ֻһߵĵطơ
ò˵һգͬϸһ㣬ǰı죻ǸķۺŮǰĿе˼˿ȴǰһĹϲֳ
Ǳµ֮һĻҵԸӦ£³һ
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ȴĵ˵ͷ
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˿ȻܸоܵȴƵĻû˿ĵֿҲԽԽֱ˼һʱ򣬱˿ŷǰ龰Ȼ˾䣬һƬǿգڴˣ̫֮ͬС
⣿ǻþ˿ǲ
һɫϼ˱˿ߣ̶Ƶ̬ҵڿռ䣡
ڿռ䣿ѵһ˵ҲȾ磿˿´
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ҾͲ֪ˣҿԸ߱һԼܣҪ֪ǻȥһ΢Ц
һܣȡҵһһǳҪɾǲ֪ûôأ˿Ц
¾öôôһ󣬿¾öûôǾûаôģɵĻص
˿̧иָྫĶͷ̾һҺΪѰ¶ע
ǲ֪ԸԸһΣЦ
ҿԴӦ㣬ǣҪټһҿǰԸ⣬ҲԸ⣬㲻Ը⣬Ҳͬ⣬Σ
¹ȻǱ£ⲻڻ𣿲һ׵һܣƴЦã˵ɣ
ҴӦ㣬ʹӦھ׷һŮ檣˿Ц
ţɻˣʲôֱǸȻԼھѡŮ檣ŮǼģһصĳ漣
ѵ㲻Ӧ˿üͷʵ
ҿԼѡ񣿡Ʒʡ
˿
ѡ˭ԣٴηʡ
κһˣֻҪҾģѡ˭ֻҪԷͬ⣬ҶΪ˿ص
ܷңΪʲôҪôôо׬ˣͷ
ˣΪʲôʱҲ㣡˿˴Ӧƣ¶Цݡ
ãҴӦ㣡ĵ˵ͷ檣ܾҲܾرŮӣԺΪԼôһַأ
ѾһЩڴ
ãҲӦ㣬Ǹܣ͵˿ҲˬĻص
ҵҲǺԼйأ˵֮ǰϣ¿ԴӦңҪҵܸ֪ˣ
ҵıǺ֪ģ˿΢Ц
Ǿͳ㱾֮⣬֪
ã˿˵ͷ
˫޵ŮӣΪһַ򣬶ԷҲԶַӵһĸ򣡡
ʲô˿ͷһɫܿͱһЩ棿
棡Ƶ˵ͷ
Ŀԣ˿ƺȻƸղΪʲô˵ˣüüëǴ˫ޣ
ҵȻ룬òŮǺѰҵģȻ²Ը⣬Ҳȫһܣ
ֻĽӴҿΪ򣬶Ҳܸ򣿡˿ٴηʡ
Ƶ˵ͷ
˿Ĭˡ
Ҳû


626 
þá
˿̧ƣ飬ҿǿǣҪסȻһһûиյĴ𸴣
ʱµĴ𸴣΢ЦȻ֪Լܵû󣬶ǵ˫ޣʹ羫ʥŮı˿Ҳоϵİ࣬ȥ˵ĵִ
ĴҲǺܳ顣
ҳȥɣ˿ڳ˼֮С
΢΢ͷ˿³Ʊǰ
ûƣǷԼ˿Ŀ⸴ӵĶƣȴûκ
˵ĵɣ˵
ԺͽʦھΪҽΣҽģȴңǵʥҵıȻͨأǸȴ򣬶򣡡˿ڻص
üͷΪԺ󣬱ˣһԼ޷Ӧ
˿ҽκԼʦԼǵʧˣ
ƵΪѣ˿Ȼõ΢ЦܼķΧ֮ڣԺ̫ΪѣԾܾɣ
ãһӦ
ڿ׾Ů˽
׳˿ָɽеһš
׾ͷ
ͷ˱仯ܺȻϸСİɫǣ׾壬Ƭ֮䣬㽫׾
׳ҪֻҪɣʱһЩǱϾǸ߼ķ֮ʹʥҲҪܳһʱ䣡˿͵
лˣ׾³֣۾
幫ӣʱ䣬ǾʥؾסӦҵǸ֮ǰҪѡ񣬷ǲ뿪ģ˿Ц
֪ʦҪÿƿ׾
һ££
Ƶ˵ͷ
飬幫ȥϢһõľ˿һŮ˵
Ůӵͷվһƣ룡
ŴŮһͬ뿪̤·֦ϣʥֻа׵ĵطһľݣ泯ʥܱһЩţ̤УʮƽңյĵʵľٺҶ̳̣Ҳۡ
ӣҪ޻ϢֻҪһűߵ֦⣬ǱԶ£˵ſڵһḧһ£Զ̶֯һܲ͸ľݣú޷϶һ塣
ˮٴḧһ֮Զ¸֡
ţ֪ˣлл㣡ƺǺĴڡ
ѾӿȥʥеκԺұǹӵŮ澣к󣬿
ٴεлȴ⻨ȴûȥĴ㣬һֱվ⣬ʵ飬ȥϢˣһֱվſڣ
ҪϢֻҪɻУӲΪҵģ˵գιȻ˱仯»Ĺââſڵ֦ϣȴƾյĶһʵʻ
ף֣𣿡ͬ¼ʻ˵
ǵĹӣҾǻ飡鴫ʶ
ƾͷʵʻͷų˲ɫ⣬ۼͣ˻顣
ǻӣƻͷһμ񣬺Ǿȵ
ӣ˵ʲôֻһʥռеһ飡
գ⻨еԾſڣ̧ͷʵûȥ磿
ȥһΣǸղŽӹӵʱųȥģ
ɣ㲻ѵ㲻磿
ʲôüǾʥزĵط˵˰թҲˣ˫Ķơ
ƵǺϿɵĵ˵ͷ⻨飬ȻѾﵽ򾳽磬ʮֵĵȥ棬˵ױãʹãҲȻᱻһЩȺ
ǵı¶ǶܰƸ̾һ
ǵȻ۰ǵľ飡Ц
һ飬ҪǾѡһ檣ӦעһЩʲôƿ˻顣
⣿ǾһͳͨоҪ׼һܴŮﲻҪ̫ڹأҪоԵ飬ŮӦĻ˾ͿŮŮͻ顣ŮһΪ˿оģһЩ飬ֻоͨ˿飬ӭȢĿеŮ飡
Ҳܼ򵥰һ
ҲأǸŮҲߣǳ߾Ȩо鷢սʧˣͬȢĿеŮ飡˵


627 Ѫͳ
ƶԾԽԽ棬ٴʵҷŮܶ࣬о٣ǲһо鶼ȢŮ飿
ŲǣǾ彲겻壬һգŮƽȵģһϣͱҪԶһһĶԴԷĶ⣬Ǿ͵Ƕ԰ıѣܵŮĳͷ͵
ɣŮѡһŮ鵱檣ǶĹŮͬ⵱ԼԼ׷󲻵һӶҪˣƺȻվֱ壬ǲ
Ůѡ檣ҲǾȡ
Ƶ˵ͷ
˶Ĭ
ӣǲѾ檣̧ʵ
ٴεͷ
ǲǴ㽫ѡҲߣ
ɳĬĵ˵ͷ
ǺŮˣŮΪʲôҪѡأԵúɻӡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôһƸ̾
һ嶼̫ϲģ˵Ѿ˶檣Զƾ蹫ӰķӦú׾Ϳɱ񣡡
ԶôܣƼæҡͷ
鿴һЩƣҲüͷȻǻȸˣ
˵ţѾ̤ȥ
ɵˣòײһԼ黹ûн˾ѾˣȥҾȥ
¿ȥһƬʥؾһԴſţƺȻ뵽ԼɹҸ֮ҡ
⾫ʥأӦҲһռɣֻǾϲԶ̫ϲ磡ưһ
ݣһЩյ˼ͨķӦѾԲ²Լѡһôס
ǻ뿪֮󣬾ͷ˱˿ڵʥ֮С
һı飬ı˿Ѿ³˽ʵƲͬ⣿
ѾˣɿķӦӦòھʥصģ£ΪѡǾһŮӣ࣬ǲͨģⲻǹϵĹ涨𣿾˹޷Ǽ޸ɻ
ȴһˣҵıѾԤеƺпǳԽĴڣַͨ򣬲ֻ߷ˣǰ;޷ģ˿˼Ļص
ǰ;޿ôǰôǰ;ǾŮ飬лвأǲһܾ𣿿һαȴȥѡȥ׷󣬻ʵ벻ͨ
˿һЦḧŻͷ㷢ԭҲ˵׼ǣȴһָоƽһܱģ޸ƣͬ𣿡
ңƺû뵽ԼŮȻ˵ĻĶű˿
ɫ˿һЦŵģǺ㿪ЦģƼȻѾӦˣûоԸ뿪檣ֻԶھʥˣʹٸߵĳɾͣҲֻǵˣѡȢһŮӣѪͳľ麢ӣһ壬ҲĪĺô
ųһǷͦظԭŮôӴ
˿Цݣ˫ָ󣺡ҵıͬԤеǾһ彫ܵһζ˵ĲƣǵıԣҲĴ㣬ҲҪ߱ˣ
·ģֻŮһҳϣ鼱æص
⻹ҪǾҳϣ˿˶ķ羰
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628 ҫ
˱˿һ֮󣬻üͷǾ;ĲҪ뿪ԸǾŮİ飬ҲΪõİ飬Զھ壡
Ը˰ɣ˿Ҳһ̾

Ȼ֪˿Ŀĺʹ㣬ȴѾ˴㣬׾δ֮ǰǲ뿪ġҪߣҲҪ׾һͬߣȻҪ뿪ĻҲֻ˲顣
֮Ʊ߳˷ţҪѰҰ飬ǾͱҪ߳ȥһһԸԼһӵŮأ
ڱŽң·֦ϡ
ʥޱȣ˾סʥϵľ֮⣬ľ顣
һЩϲӴصĲ顢ϲˮеˮ飬ϲȵĻ顣
ʥأһ磬֮ΪһСλҲΪ
ǱͬľﷱϢ˿Ҳ֮࣬Ǵųϵı졣
⻹Ϊϲһһһޣӽٵԭ򣬷򣬾˿ھԱпܳԽ
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Ŷƺǲ쾫ԼĺøУæӹ룬ᣬδŵζǰһ绨ǣ֮ģƾСһڣҺһ㣬ůдЩ⣬ֱС̶Ƣȫˬ
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¶뻨Ҫԭϣ⻹һЩϺõҩӻص
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ӹȻǶƣഺפղϣŮҲЦ
ԭҺƿŻʣĳƣһЩúȵĸоһſڣȻʣµĳƶȵ˶ȴڿռ䣬ûԼѪ֮С
ȥ֮󣬲ᣬоһЩʳ֮Ǿ·֮һЩƷ
һУһЩܳ裬ȷԼľݵʱԼĴָѾ˾͵ˡ
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ĿģǵҲһЩⲻȥǺǺǣЦЦ
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⾫ʥؼʹǿռҲһɣλĴڣƸ̾һ̤ţƾϷ˹ȥ
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ҪʥصڵΪ⾫ʥؿǹޱߵģД磬ڵ̽ģ˿΢ЦͬʱҲƮɶȥ׷ȥ
Ʒãʶ̽鲻иǲ⾫ʥȻɾûǴ󣬼ʹǣ㣬⾫ʥҲȻбԵ
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ı˿ˣɫЦʧмһã
˲䣬ͽʶȫչͼƣֹ˲ƣһ˲ƣٶȼʹλҲ޷󼰣ÿһ˲ƶ֮ң˿Ҳ׷ϡ
ʱǹҫĵطһſžġСһıʯͷųâڸ߿գĵһɫ쳣
ڱʯϷӦþǾʥصĶ㣬һһ㣬һƬڲռ֮޷͸ǹҫ̽顣
һŽСıʯ֮£ƾסˣů͸оʯıʯڲ·һصͬΪ֮ʶģƾҪһЩ塣
Ȼһʲôˣס֣


629 Ůɱ
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ҾͲȥһƬݵϣǰӰŮӵ̬Ļһ䡣


630 Ϊɱ
ҾͰռƿô죿Ů˵ɣڿն˶ǿ֮У˸ϼǣͷųҫ۵â̶תһص󷨣â㼯һ㣬ѹš
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631 ȡ
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һĻƺͱ˿ͣ˽ŲɻĶŶԷ׶ԷΪζԼе⡣
ޣΪǵĵ·˿ͷų˼ϣһ˿ŭĶŶԷ
Ϊ׵ĿĮ£˵մǵĽأһͼ͵ǵʥʯ֪Ƿ棿
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ҲóƺôηϼһĻ֪ԭʥҲһ飬˿Ҳ޷ӵоԵȨ
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Ȼ徫鶼ΥҪʱ£Ϊһ˴ҪŹ޵ĿֱƱ˿
˿ڴ֮£ʱһƽȵģʹŮȴҲľǰרᣬֻĿʮַŭĶŶޡ
ҲϿǾһĹϹ涨Ϊλִ潫ɱϧʥΪʦҽΣ޸߰ͷ­Ŀ¶˼ֵӡ
£òϣ˿ĮĻص
ǺǺǡǲ֪һĳǻѡ񣿡˵䣬ĿҲ˲Զ֦ϵļ׷ߡ
һˣŮУȫݶޱȣϵʾѾ޾£ʹǿҲѾ޷Ǳգ޷ıµʧ
Ŷ޵Ŀ⣬ͳеĽ㣬˿Ҳһ񣺡λϣ
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λϣŮ棬Σʵ
ͬ¶ΪѣΪ׵һȴ˵Ů棬ͨͬŮְ񣬱Ϊˣ洦ã
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634 ڲ
˷ֱ˿ѾԽԽǿԽλо鶼ѾףԼŮѾٻ׵ֱӽ׵ıٻ
޵ȴҲ֮ŭȵʹٻΣʹףҲҪؾһĹ涨ΰľ壬ɲֻһ߽񣡡
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Ǿϼ¹֤޿ڻصȻ֪Ƶı죬ûƿؾʥصĿռ֮ǰǲɱƵġ
ʲô֤һ𣬱ϼƾճһ֦ϡ
㽫նɱҾʥصƿߣѵҲҪӻƲɣʵ
ϼȴһЦȻᣬֻϧȴɱ
ôܣ޸š
ƹӿɲһˣҪ뿪ʥأҲסϼŵһϣƺǰһв顣
ߣҾԲţ񣬷򣬾Բ뾫ʥأʹǾʥ֮УҲҪòλϣǲҪأֽĿߵϡ
໥Ŀһۣ΢΢˵ͷеſ˵Ů£ȻѾٻףҲлҪ˵ɣ
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赣ģĶԶܲǾʥصģֻҪǽɱȻʥصĴŹرգֱ˽ٴ򿪱ˣܻص
ھȴûбĻ򶯣Ŀһֱڱ˿ͱϼϴתǵУŮǾʥˡ
ᱻ˲ǶѾˣ˿һ̾ޣıˣȻͨе򣬿ȴͬ޷
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ΪԵʥҶԿ˿һҲƮ첻Ӱ
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˵Ϊĵ˵׾ʥȻг·ȴû˿á
ǵ޹أҵֻǱʥƽ£ϼЦ
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Ҳ⣬֮ǰһֱҪɱԼıϼʱȻ׼Լ֣ʲô˼ѵֻǹ̽Լֻ̽ΪεʱǰĺҪأ
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ǵĿȴ˱˿ϣ£ϰɣںĿģضΥ棬ȨȥҲΰДǵȨ
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ţܵľǶ³ͬλҲˡ
Ƕ޼һĻȴüͷŭ˿ǴДˣДĽ٣ʥ޷ƿأⲻ˿Ҿ޷ƿؾʥأ޷ȡǿʥʯУԲǵ֣
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˵䣬ӱ˿֦ܵϺȻ֦⣬ߣ˲ͽ˿
˿ľﱻϣ·ŭҲ֪ԼսԱȲ˶ޣǺתΪսȴҲгԱ
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ǺǺǣ겻ֻҪһŮĽڣɣͽһͬʱľ϶ɵĿռҲڼСٵĳÿһƬ򡭡


635 ս
ƺѾ¶Ҫ˿¾ŮıʥٵĹ߱˿
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ڻʹ˿ռѹһС
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ʱǿһ֣վҿ޵ƾճ֡
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ƾĿŶޣһҪߣ˭Ҳ޷ס
Ťͷƿ˱˿˿һɣ
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ϼĳҲѾɱε˫ۣҰռ飿˿ŭ
˵ЦֻҪɳҪøǿ˾ʥأҺӦûԽʥҲܽɿܣΪʥԶṩַǸ𣿡ϼЦ


636 ı仯
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˿Ҷʹ˲֮ʥ˻ҡҷĸʥ˹һ쫷磬ռҲ
޵ڲϴʥԽԽ֦Ϻˣ˵ĿħһڡͽƸ˽ȥ
ƿܲϹ治ɫߣȴһЩģ˿λȻа̾һϾΪԼǾ˶ϰɣ
ϵʥ֦ײһͬԽԽ࡭
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˿̧ͷȥ޽мܡ

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637 ֮
˿ͱϼսʵǲģǱ˿ıſñϼ
˭Ҳκβ˭
ǶҪսʤȴҲףرʥڱգ𽥱СɫԽԽҰ
˳ƵȴԽռԽԽ㣬Ҹ֮ҿٳɳֱ۷壬ͻƵļ
ģţϵѹʥ̾Ŀռ䡣
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͸о֮зһ֮£͸оѪҺӻԾ̶˿ָסëڿٵ
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֪ʲôʱ򽫷ע뵽֮С
ǣоһЩãȴûиоķ֮£ĸӿֲƬ֮䣬ʥ
ѪҺı˿ͺëָ׵죬֮ڿٳɳֻȻ׳ˣȴԼĿƣʶԽԽ
޵ҪʲôƸоԼȻҲѾѾܿƣβ׵ǴۣȻͻȻ·ƾնһβ͡
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ֻǸıڵ򣬼ЩѪҺԪأִ˵ǽǷĻӶıƵ̬ӰƵ꣬ôһƾ͵ڷˣзȴ޷ʹá
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ϼͱ˿Ҳֹͣ˶Կ㵵Ķ֮вϻû̬Ȼ
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еռ䣬൱ɼҵĺ鱦ϵַкܶ࣬ǣռϵ鱦ʹ綼٣ʹУҲֻ̺һַ򣬶ͷųַ
ҲֳΣվʥ֦ϣ˵ԣ£ֻҪӦҶ޸ԸİţǸƱӵַټĴħ޳ɳԶӵеķӵʮַˣʮַ򰡣л߷򡣺߷ʮַʹҲûаѣ˴˭⾫ʥƥУ£Ϊ˾һδʹӦɣ


638 Ϊ˾
˿˶޵Ļ֮ɫȴƽ׼
̤뾫ʥصһ̣ҾͼƻˣϼҲǳ֧֣»˵ЩʱҲǳѲȽն˵һ֮΢΢һţʥ֮Ĳһ˲䣬㽫ʥϵȫ飬ĩ
ǹʥİɣ˿ʵ
ˣνֲֲƵڣλ񶼲ǣҲոͻƵλļٻλ۷壬ʥ׵ƳȴմһʱҲھʥƾʲôţΪҶսЦһ
㣿㣬ǺǺǡǿ֪ȫߵģʹֶסȴΪҡ˿ЦֻЦ⼸ķ߿
ǲˣԭΪƲسŵҲ㣬û뵽ǸŵˣΪ㣬ԸսǶ룡ϼЦ
ң˿ʵ
ãʵɱƣΪȥиĺøУ֮ȥӽͼɫ֪ȴΪʵҲϧһ޷˫ˣҿһЩĽģƶ˫޵Ҫȴͬ⣬ˣҪ˫Ҳˣϼգʥ֦ϣϧ
˿δڷŭĶűϼ
ã㲻˿ңΪ˾ʥأԼԸ׸ƣֺαأ
׸ƣǺǺǡȻļƣֻҪǽԶķӡǿþʥյķΪӸ߼ռ䣿Ϊ飬Ҳܴ棬˵ҲԶַ򣬺ǺǺǡһ̫С˶ˣȻѾ˹㷺˵˷룡˿Ц
ãǻǿֽƷӡɣһܸõö޼Ǳͷųһǿʥʯգ뵽ʥ֮УΪ˾һ壬Ҳòˣϼ˵
˿գɫȴ쳣䣬˵û뵽ҾһҲ䵽˵ز˱壬̰ᣬľ壬ǾҺ㡭ƣվһаɣ
һ˿еĳȻͷųһɫĹâ
˿ҪʲôѵҪƣŭ
ֻҪɱ֮Ȼ취˿һͬʱҲɲӰ׹˸ֱƶޡ
һδʥ֦Ѿҷֳ֦⣬ر˿
˿ôҲΪ˾һ壬ް˽ģ֮ͬˣȻҪˣ޼ȵű˿
֦׷ɣ˿һɫ飬˸ʥ֦ķ϶޿
ɱҵģˣҵııͬΪʥʯȴܵʥҽʥҲһͬˣңʹɱңҲܾƣѾҷƣҲܷرĿˣ޵ӰҲƮ˸Ų֦֮ͬϡ
粻ֹһͨһԱ᱾Ŀģģ˿˰ӰӶ޵һӰдȵ
úúãĵҪˣ绹ҸͨͱˣһͣԶָܻҲԲɱңϼҽ⾫һͽɱ޶ٺһ
ϼգȴüĶۣ˺˿Ҳ˿սǵ֮£ϻû̬ľ޴ħޣ̬ٴμᶨһ˲ƣʹﵽ˸߿գ˵赲˿Լӡƣ
ǧʥʯתľγһ޴Уͷųһǿͽ֮µƸˡ
ʱƣȻѾʶ״̬ħ޵ıȴУܵ޴٣ɻ״̬Ȼһһţ³һֱ߿ա
ǻʥǳкԶ֮󣬱㱻룬̶û֮УʧޣӴҲȼٵϷȥ
ϼſ˿һʥȻ޷г콣һ㣬ֶȥХֱĻȥ
ϼˣü⣬һǹ⣬볤Ľײһ

ǹ飬Ҳ֮衣
һ̣һգ۾͵˱˿󣬽Ľ׸סˣ˲˿׹ֻǧңαʧ˼ߵĿ򣬿жٺһƿأ


639 Ʒ
һҫ۵İ׹ӱ˿ͷų˲ͳʥ֮У˿ֹâ޲¶մϼͶ޶һɼĸоȻ
˷еƿأҲǷеǿǸǹǺǻһжƿ֮С
˿ȴҲ֪ԼķԱϼͶ˵Ӱޣݵ˲䣬㹻ƾˡ
ſ³һɫԲ飬Բϼţ󣬷һɾ޴Ȼħ޵Ƹ˽ȥԲСĿڲƣһ㡣
˿ſֽԲ븹УҲ֮ʧ
һ̣ϼͶޱ㷴Ӧ˵ɫÿ
˻һϼ˿Ѿ뿪˾ʥأ
汳˾һ壬һ˾ʥʯ˫ȭգ쳣ŭ
ʥʯ֮ŸӦӲģ׷ȥ
޵˵ͷ
ռ״ƣûУԽԽСС㣬֮ʧռҲָ
ʥҲ˶
˵˿˱ħ޵ֱ֮˲뿪˾ʥֺ֮С
Ҳ֪ԼܵϼĸӦӵĻ޷ƣֻƿռ䣬˿ռѷ졣
һʧ޺ͱϼͳˣϼüͷ𣬿˵Ȼʧˣ
ɸӦȥ
ϼҡҡͷڻӦӦ˿ռѷ֮УԲһֱ棬ֻҪұ׼ȷ׽ţ
׽ܽ׽¼ʹУҡҡͷ̾Ϣ벻벻»̫ʴˣȻΪ壬ϼҿǻһЩɣ
̸ףɲҪǵ˿ףıˣϼü
ǵΣ˫г
ȣ
ֻˣʹ˿ΣǳңûƻԭԶֻͷħޣ޵Ŀгһ⡣

˿Ҳһֱڿռѷгôȥܿ³Ǵ½ϣȴҲֻһ֮䣬˿ռѷ죬ʧ
ͬʱħ׳ǵȴӭһˣһѾӦ˱ԭ̵ֻģȴȴ˺ܴá
ƱѪûɣ൱ѪҲħеı졣
ƽ֪֮ҲС䣬ô죿
֪ʦҽκñİˣʵ
ʱûУǶҲһţһϵҲǸߵȷˣ㱾𲢲ǶޱˣҵıӦÿԾΣǰ϶
Ǿ뱾ڵĿռ֮Уʦͱ˿ټ׾ʦ㹻ԸǸˣȻһ취ֻǣ׾ʦˣƴĿ⿴
һЩͷĻصˣҪ˵ˣΪ㣬ҿҽ׾
лʦˣƶֵһռռһͨķݣ̤Ŷ롣
Ҳ
һ͵Ĵ󣬶ֱͨӽҸ֮ˣҸ֮ȫ֮ɹڲҵŮ
ŮȴҲһЩ֪Ʒ˲⣬ƺȻһϲ
๫֮ǰô£ŮΧ£Ƶǰ
ֻǷüͷƺǿı֮ѹסˣʹң޷ѣ
֮ƾͽ淢һʵĸ֪Ů
ôŮǲ졣
ֻܿˣʹøõķȥӰҵıر̣Ҫӽʹðķ򰲸ı壬֮飬ĿķӦ
ƵıʶѹƣķɿԵɹŮͷųͨɹɢȥ
ƵıҲͬٽɹ洫˿ҪȥˣܲȽұʥʯջأ
ʥʯǱ˿ڵģȻԺ׵˿ʱһϲæʥʯȡ뿪ռ䣬ǵռ䣬߿գеƣʶ
ֻǷȽҵıˣҳȥ
˿˵ͷ·Ѱһ̵ɽͽʥʯеƸ˳
ʥʯջأѾƺȻأԲ֮ңɽѹһ
һɫĹâıǿзɳƺֳеĻɹҸ֮ҡ


640 ɱ
ƣ˿һƣʱһϲ
ֻǵ˵ͷĿҲעԼı壬ɻû˲˫չڷɶ𣬱ĿעеˣӴѹƵķоһЩİͿֲ
˿Ҳ쳣ࡣ
ıȻǿƣѾλˣ˵
ɿԸоѪͬԴ⣬Ѿǳİˣƺеʶʶ޷˵
ҵĻܲƳ֮һ֮˫һɫĻ棬ǻĿ˲˲ϣ̶ûڡ
ƺоһвһŭһ㣬˳ײ˹
ƼˣæҸ֮ңɢӭϲͽ
ౡ
ȻΣһֻ׳ķˣȫɢʱͻ˻ҽ
ǿưһæԱԼȫƿأʹӸַɱͨλˡ
һ˹һӣŪһɫĻǽ׵ĵֿ˷˵Ļ档
УҵҲֻƻ㱾Ѫ⣬ȴ޷е򣡡˵
ֻܱƶ޾ˣһֽ֣׾˳
׾ֻȶûкá
ʦҽζʦɣ˵
׾׾ȴһ˭ҪҽΣ
ʦͲҪˣֻҽκ㣬ǲܺȥԸǶޣҽα𣡡ü
׾˵ˡ
ȴҲ֪ѾǶʱ׾˵Ҫҽڵķɣ
׾һգȴҲûж
ɵɢ׾ڣ׾ȻûҽΡ
Ƽˣųһ
Ҳôʱ򣬶޺ͱϼȴҲͨ˿ʥʯ֪ǵ䣬ٵĴ߷ɳ۶
һα˿ûߣĿ⿴Ŷˡ
ǰûмڳ֣ǲĶƣֿ֮еƱ塣
ɷֻͣǴʱȴķȫڻɫ֮Уȴ޼¡
޼ˣ¶Цݣֻ΢΢һǷٴ󣬿еĻҡ
أ
ķͱ˸ѣ˫ȻԶ˹ȥ
ޣҽҵıҿԲ˳𣡡һûԼıȥ
ƺûһ㣬˫һ̤׷˷ˡ
ҵҪжƻּ䣬͵Ů
Ůÿ˵һľżϼ˸СŮһ׷˶ޣ޻ͷһһȻҪҾͳȫǣ
һ֮󣬶ͷų˷֮СŮһ̣һܣȻˣ
ûģСľżû˿á
Ůȴٵзλ޸ΧУ֮˫ֽӡͬн磡
һ͸ƾճ֣޶ʱ͸оһеĿռҲ쳣ȹ̣Ѿ޷ƿˡ
ޣҪǾͿұҽΣŭһ
ΪСС󷨾סң룡һѾһĹ֦⼱Ƭ֮䣬ռ֡
ֱף֦ȫ䣬֦ӳΪ͵ġһһ㽫ֳŴš
ƿ˿ŮŮɫҲͬʱȥȻľżСŮںһˣŮͬʱӡһ֮
һĸ֣Ҳǲ죬ΪŮʲôʱнӷ
ǵڽ֮ȫĻ㼯һ
ʵؼΪĴڣʱ֮Ůڲͬʱ֮УȺ󼤷̶ûн֮С
䡭
н֮кȻһ죬Ҳ֮ըŮͬʱɶȥ
һռ仯ɺڶڲ֦ѣɷĩûǺڰĿռ֮ڡ
ʧ
Ҳ֪ǲˡ
ϼһĻһɫ䣬ôҲ벻ŮӾȻҲͷųһܹͬγ൱ںϷȻһĴ˵Ե÷ǳСȴ㹻ɱλˡ
ԣСŮСľżһλ򣬵ƾλ񣬼ʹʹ÷󷨣Ҳɱޣϼصİһ


641 Ŀ̫
˿ڶʧһ̣ҲһмһҪ
ʧôˣźҪкã
ΪΣƿ˿
˿Ҳƣ̾Ϣһ޲ûǺʥģʥͲ
ãٻᾫʥأһ֮ĿҲ˱ϼԵø䡣
ϼƺҲ֪ҪӡƵıѾˣʵڱ˿ʱѾµĽĿеɱ⣬˿벻þȻԸѾ壬ҲҪˣѵİ㲻ҪˣǾһŮ˭Լ޸ˣ㲻ܣԼǾһˣ
˵˿ŭƲûʲô飬Ψһı˫޿ԵõʡȥƵİҲȫΪƶš
ûк˵ʵѾ֤ã͵žһ׷ɱɣʹıףû˾һ֧֣Ҳֻһͨͨĸ߼񣡡ϼһ֮ξȻֱʧ
˲ƣռһϵΪ׾˵³һ
κһص㣬˲䷵ؾʥأ˿ص
Ťͷϣ
˿оƵĿ⣬ȴûŤͷӣ˵ֻҪʥʯҵУҾǾһŮʦ˺֮һͬؾʥأ
ȻˣҾȷӡҵı𣡡ƿŮһͬɵԶı׷ȥ
ĸǵķٶҲǳĿ죬ʱıûһֱɣԺܿ׷ˡ
ŮٵķֲڱܣԲ㲼½磬ıסˡ
һ֣׳ɹʮ֮ң֮УӴĹͷų˲ɫϼ⣬ͬŮ뱾һ̶ͬɹ档
ɹССݣƵģۻ˱˿
ֻôĶ׾;ϵЩ֣׷׾ۼ鿴ǷƼ֮󣬺ıǿࡣ
ǲûǰֻԶԶĹš
Ƽһֱδһֱʱ֮ųһջ˷֮Ҳࡣ
׾˫ۣɫӵĿ뿪ڵлǻߣվ޷˵ڡ
лң³һĿٻķ֮ҲҪԼΪԱҪһ¡
˭Ҫл㣿ҪǿͽܵķϣΪԸҽΣ׾һ
ûнӻᡣ
ֹ˼ʱ˫Ƶ˵ͷ
ȴ˱˿
ڻȥҲûã˶޵ҪʥͱܸңҪܳһʱ䣬ʹʱҲ޷ٻΪıҽΣ˿ص
Ҫãü
Ҫʮ꣡
ʮꣿƳĬˡ
˭ܰҽΣƵ
ľǵĳԣֻǣӦò㣡Ϊľǵĳ޵ıУͬһأǺѣضԷҲѾ֪˶ޱ˰ɣ˿̾һ
ô˵ǻҪȼʮꣿʹ˼ʮ꣬ҲһҽΣϾѾһˣ
򣿡ҧҧüͷ塣
ȻƵҸ֮ң˳Ϊ˶޵֮󣬷øǿûκεĲף
棿˶ܾȡ
ĵ˵ͷ
һΪã׳֮ҲշԵĻܽұڷ֮ˣͷһ
¼䣬˿ץסһ̶ָҶǺ档
ﶨȻҲ˵Ҳɣ
Ҿһԣ±˿ͬ⣡뵽˾ʥеʥԼǿеʥʯ
˿ƵεĿ⣬վҡҡͷʥǾʥصĸҲô
ѾǾŮˣһ㵱ͽ˵
˿ĬҡҡͷҲܺ˾壡
Ƴ̾һû˵ʲôͷ죬յգĶգ֪̫жԶ
Ҫʲô̫ԶģѲɣȥ̫һ
ԵĻΪβȥջҸ֮ңֻϧֻǷΪǳ
̫֮⻪ʹҶֱգ̫ڿƣҪҽڵע֮Уܷգ˵
һϲǾʦˣ
һҲŪ׾һ


642 
ƶŮʦܸжæֽҸ֮ҵ֮󣬴Ů˽ȥ
ŮһҸ֮ңͱĻˣرǱ˿ñʥҪӴԵ쳣𾪡
⣿ӣ԰ɣΣ˿վһ֦ϡ
Ƶ˵ͷлˣ
˿˫ַɣ֮С
ȻյٶȷǳĿ죬˿٣ն٣ֻȴܸоٶȴǳĻ˿Ҳ̫ı仯˿пԸı䡣
׾ˣҲ׷׽档
нŮ˹橣һŮҲ׷׽ע˵֮С
һһЩԵǰ˶֮еĻ䣬ҲԽԽ󣬸ޡ
һʱ֮Ͳˣ˵ȻռݷԲȣȴС׼ףûʲôˡ
ǲУٶȣѾѳɳˣưһ
ֱŮ֧ǲֹͣȴҲﾲޣΪ֪ﾲյĻʱڰװ׽ע뵽ˡ
ֵֻܽԸŮΪģγУĹ롣
ƵĿͣڸ߿յ̫֮ϡ
С䣬Ҫȥ̫ܣΪûͨĴ󣬵ƾУǰ궼Ե׾˫ʲôջΪβյߵػǴеԪѵɳ𣿡
԰ͷһϲʦ֪лɽ
ħ׳ǾУ㵱ҪˣҲ۾
ԣƻص
ھʹ߰ɣվ־磬ҪʱУʱҲҪķ̫á
һ֣ʹƹЮסˣһǴĻھ͸һɣ
ȴƼɶȥˡ
׾ͱ˿һۣҲͬʱͷŮҲȥ
Ϊܿħ׳ǣﵽħ׳֮ʹ˻ʥ̳ĵײ㣬Ҳ˲лĵط
ֻ˫ֽӡһư˻ʥ̳ײĵ棬Ȼ֣Һˣ
ƲԣȴҲʮ
һԲηģԷΪģ߸γ棬ʱȴγһ׶ֻ׶֮Уɢһˣſ׶󣬺֣ҲԽԽȣͬ¯һ㡣
ܿƵķ޷֧ˣæ壬ȴһ㣬ŵ棬Ųƣ֦ļˣ뵽ǿն֮С
ѾӦʲôˣȻһƬҽʥ̳Ȼڻɽ֮ϣֲĿȡ
֦쵽ҽ֮󣬱㿪ʼ׵ҽ֮£ȻۿɼٶȲϽ͡
ôֲͷŮҲ̬ĸӦı仯
ʮסʮססס
ҽ·Ȼһֱ½
ȴڱ۸Ӧı仯
Ȼ֦ҶѸ࣬ԽԽ㣬Ҹ֮ҵƷҲڻš
ʱƣ֦ҲԽԽصףҽڲϽͣѾﵽ֮ˡ
ϵ¶ȴԽԽͣطˣҲʹħ׳ǵľɻ
һĻֻܰһԺħ׳ǲˣ
ûȥֹƣһֱԱš
׾ͱ˿ƺҲûȥĴ㣬ʱƣǶ۾վԶһ
ʮǧ
Ĵ۾صǧˣڣҽֹͣ½ƺҲ㣬ĵһ㶼ҽܷľۼ
ûֹͣɳֻĻǶȴȫţһֵĻȻˣһС«
һաաա
֮󣬵صҽûʧǹΣڵĵطƼȴڲţҲ֮Уɢǧ
˶仨Ѿȫ˰˸С«Ʒ˸С«ȴû˿ļޣӻɺ«֮Сָô󣬵ôࡣ
յȻ˵ĿݣٶԼҸֱ֮ﵽǧ֮Ҳˡ
ѵѾ޷ˣưһԸоҸ֮ҵĵȼѾﵽ˸߼ļ𣬲Ʒͻ
ȻˣɱϾڳɳҾŰɣֱ㲻ڳɳΪֹ
ƣٴα˫ۡ
һȣ֮ãֹͣգҸ֮еĿռҲﵽһֱ


643 ȥ磿
Ҹ֮ҵĵȼƷļֹ֮ͣջ˳˼ΪûͻޣȻûͻƣǾ޷ԶշǱ˽롣
ƵĶûһֱߵļŮĸ֪Ҳ׷״Ӿ
𣿡˿ʵͨƵı飬Ѿ³ˡ
ҡҡͷ޷ﵽּ𣡲ҲûйϵֻҪһܴﵽļ𣡡
൱ں鱦
ȥѰҵĻҸ֮Ӧôﵽ˶λȻԶɳȥпܣһ
ȥ磿Ҫȥ𣿡ưһ
ҲѾ˺ܾˣȳȥɣһ֮󣬱Ůһͬ뿪˻ʥ̳
վڻʥ̳Ķˣ̧ͷ죬ɫһЩأδѾ˺ܴı仯ʧֱûһƬ
ʶ̽ܣáѾ硣
Ѿٴˣ
Ҳûȥˣ׾ƣС䣬ô㣿ҪȥĻҿ԰㣬ȵ磬һΪƣ
ҵıҲܰѹסڵķ㻹ԭɱ壡ص
˿Ҳ˵ͷ
Ȼ޷־ƣȴܽѹסƵıԭ
С䣬ĶѾֹˣֻȥ磬ߵľ֮󣬲ԼԸıĶˣ׾
ʱŲңҶ绹Ǻ˽⣡Ƶͷȥ
ȥ֮Ȼ˽ˣɣһȥŮλãҲˣʱһȥ޵ı𣬰еʥʯΪҽΣ˿¶ĵ
ҵֻ൱ڸ߼򾳽磬ȥ磬ѵǱȥ𣿡ƸӦɹеŮʹ÷֮Լˣʱ䣬Ѿû֮ǰôˣҲȶࡣ
ķʵҲǿȥģ磬ֻ񣬻ȥҾʹһȥҵıҲܽڵķ֮ѹסָܿΣɲǣҲǸӸӣ̸ӣҲΪ˿һ˫˫ơ
ȥ֮󣬻ܷƷʡ
ܣ֮˿ҡҡͷ
󶼲У˫ۡ
Ȼͨ󣬿ǣû޷ģ
˵ԼԲúܴĴѵҲ𣿡ƺ
Լôܲô󣿡˿Ǿȡ
֪ҲҪˣ˿׾˵ͷ
ܵһ󣬿Ĵ󣬾ܲõģķѵʯʹ׶޷е˿ص
˵Ĳ磬ʹҲҪСҲҪһСģص
ǷİɣƳ̾һǱҪ뿪ˣָоܣ縡Ƽһ㡣
˿ԺͿչˣС䣬ȥܵȥȸһЩĿơ
Ƶ˵ͷһҪһΣ˾ܵĶߣ
ߣǱǸΣյģԵĻԽ֮˶еҿ԰տһ׾˵
ΣգƲԡ
ȥֻ൱ڷˣҲһ൱ڷˣĿռ쳣ȹ̣ƲҲǿ˲ƣֻ൱ڷһ߶ʹ˺ˣҲֻµȵĴڣֻǺӣΪĺһ򾳽磬𣿡
ĺһ򣿡ƺǲ졣
ĺǲҪģ֮󣬱ֱӽλ񾳽磬ȻҪﵽλ񣬻߸ߵľ磬ǾҪˣѱɱٶû£磬һͷ­նһˣͬѪϲǳϣҲΪʲô÷ԭ򣡡͵
ķˣ൱ʲôƷʵ
ҲǷָߵ͵ģӦ൱ڷе峤߽֮࣬ܽˣǣһ綼޷УǸ߼ԼЩД
һᣬڲͬᣬˣ඼֪ж󣬱Ҫܹ߼˲ܶ˽⣡
൱ڷеĻʵۣ
жƻص
в٣ֻ֮һǾ˹Ҳܼ˹ܴܴ󣬴󵽾һ֪ͬǿһһȥˣҲҪŻ¼ʹдҲѴͻģ׾ص


644 ȫ
û뵽ȥ磬ͬһһЩҲˣ½½ٵǣǷһ㣿
ֻӿֲһЩˡ
˿أȴһЦҲ̫ģһأĸ񾳽磿ҵıǸ߼ҲسӵԼĴأȥֻ֮ҵĵǣҵԸȻͬһͬ㣬֪𣿡
Ƶ˵ͷĿɨ׾ŮҲͬǶԱ̫˽ⲻܴﵽ񾳽磬ĸȽеĸնȥ
ĮͨȻЩͼͲͬˣķ򣬻ǵԸһЩӡ
ʦһɣһʱ䣬˿һͬȥ磡ƿ˵
׾˵ͷѾڷɶ
˿档
ȴңãĿдЩǡ
½ʱҲѾǣػ谵Ҳǳĺ䣬·ֻǵȴֻܿľ
ʳգȻеԪҲԽԽ٣һЩԭΪˣѾ޷ֱӻԪˣҪҵȵȣԣʳļ۸Ҳ÷ǳĹ
ƴ֮󣬱ֱӷˣ˿һͬĻʹ֮С
ȴоһЩԣΪֻʹеѾ٣Ƿ·һ㣬˿ڵĳУȻûмˣǰҲѾ
ɻʱ֪Ӻη˹˿ֱӾ˵ƵĻУСƣڻˣ
⽿գкǸ⡣
Ϊֵüʮϰأ̧ǵĶơ
һЦ㷢ֻȥˣû뿪
ΪʲôҲ㣿游游
游ĸ游ôˣ
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˿̾һһ־͵ʥʯʥʯ󣬽ƺ˽ȥţҲС
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˿עҲǰüͷƵѯ֮ĵ˵ͷ磬ֻǣɽϣɽǷ磡
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646 ɱ
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647 ʯ
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ܵĶǵ˳ƥ˵Ҳܸҵı
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ƽӹ֮ϸ鿴Խ档
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߲ʣұҲֻõһžŲʯ߲ʯʹϣõڰ˲ʣͲˣֹֻһʯͷǶϣ˿Ц
ɫԽ࣬ƷԽã֣һű˿Ѿеʶݸ׵


648 
ʯĹЧеȻԪأֻǷҲ޷顣
ʯ֮󣬶˳Уǵĳǳز˶٣Ҳ٣ڱ˿Ĵ£˾ͻ˲ʯһùס
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϶˾͸˶ʮ·һµ³ǵĵطͣ
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»ҪȻָڵƣ˿ŮŮȻ֪Ҫʲô׷׽壬Ƶڡ

һһ磬뿪ɹͷֱ˿ſ˯񾲵˶ƺȻػط˵ĸо
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ƵĶҲʼлˡ
˿۾ϲˣ
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δ㰡Ȼ¹˷Ҫиŵĵطһֱסùݰɣ뿪Ҵһʱ䣬ͽߣúõתתҲϤϤȻŵص㣡ƿ˵


649 Ϻ
뿪ʱŵĳǳأһʿ磬˿ͬһ£ȴɴ棬ûȥֻͽС
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ǹȴܱǰĵֻǲ۵ջڣ÷ǳļѣڵʹôˣһ㡣
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Ŀȥ绹ͨʥǵĵ·ͷһϲԽڵˣԽϣص
ͬҪȥģÿһȥʥǵĻᣬޣҲ쳣Σգ۵ģ
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ΪʥǷǳңԶǴܴﵽģԾҪʱ֮ţʱ֮ȴ޷ƿأһ̤룬ͺʧʱ֮Уʱ֮ţȴƿزãǴûлǲ̤ʱ֮ŵģ
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ɽˮȴҲûʲôˣһյһɽµʱ򣬱˿ɽбħɽǶǳҪԽɽҲʮѣһЩ񼶱ħ޵ģ
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ƱŶһ²һµ̬ãǶԷƱȴѾƾͳ˹ȥ
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һ˼ˣȴһЦ
ء
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ǲ㣬ǶԷĹ̫ǿûץסޣ㱻Է֮ϣɳʮףˤ棬ֻоѪһѪͷȥǰ½󱻻ƣƤһԵѪۡ
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˴Լ۶ʧǰС֮С


650 
Ϻ壿ƺݺݵĶһȺ˵ıӰվԸ£ȴ£Ȼ˿̣ǲƵԸᷢı仯
˵ϵĻҳƾ̤С
СΪɽ򣬺ǻϵЩٽħɽ˶٣ͬħޣвͬħʯ൱Ժе
ʯ֣һȻһֱЩħ޻ɵ
ʯһɫ϶ӦһԪأԪԽ̺࣬ԪؾͻԽ࣬һǳɹںϵģȻںϣȻԪذء
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ƽ֮ȴҲ´һƣӭλֵܣ㹺һ鼮
ܷȿƿʵ
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΢΢ͷҲ֪Ĺأɲǵ㿴飬ҶˣֻҪ㿴һۣȻӡԺУҪ顣
ҲСƽңǽ϶ܣһ鼮˰ڷţҳӡÿһҪݡ
ʵҪ˽һħɽԼħɽ鼮Ҳԡ
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ħɽ֮Դš֣֤ɽĵλ米һħɽȫԴ硣
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˵ֳ֮˳Ƶ˿װƵ·ҲֵֻƷʯôôǮˡ
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ˣȻö࣬ҲҪͶԷӹⱾ֮Ϊݸ˶ԷһƷʯ
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651 ǿƣ
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ס֣ˣΪˣϺתȥ
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뿪֮ƹҲüͷ˵ˣϿߣ
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ЩߣҲһη˵ĸо˼ʹҪʵԶֻܳΪ˵ʳ
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654 Ϯɱ
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ɽ壬ҿκԼҪƵȻȱƵĻ֧ţ޷ȫķӳӦþеսһֱλ۷ս
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⼸³ˣ޲¶ɫ·𿴵ʲôµ顣
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ԭƮƮƵС֮һ̶ӵһ㣬׹Ѳ飬ײ·֮С
䡭
ըһһɫɢ飬ǿĳֱޣܵɽ̮ɷĩ
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661 
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֮ը֦⣬и֦Ᵽ
֮УŽ𲧣֮ڣһӤƴСĽУͷ߲ʵĹ⻪
Ǿʬ壬ҲƸҸ֮ˡ
ƱĹ֮;ȵķֽ𲧲֪ʱȻˣңǶС֮Ҳ˽֮ڡ
һĻǳĺ棬ֻ»ûʱȥԵɣҸ֮ȡʬʱѾ÷ǳˡ
мѿ֯״𲧣̧ͷ졣
ݺݺλҲ޲ڶơ
λ񣿡Ůһ۾Ϳڵľ磬Ȼֻǳλ񣬿Ҳλ񾳽ˡ
ǰ컹Ǹ߼λھȻѾﵽλ񾳽ˣһ߲ʽã˫ʮ㣬Ǵǧɱ⣬Ķơ
ݺݺĿȴеĽϣǽͷų߲ʹΣһȦȦĻڽܣ뵶
߲ʽټϱɫ䱾Ȱ˲ˣ񼶱ݺݺ˽ļֵаʱҲȻˣӦôӦý͸ȻҲϡУȴȲ񼶱Ҫ֪˲ʯֻϲУ˲ʵϡУԶɵģӵз̶ȣԶԶԽ
ȻҲа˲ʵģֻɲôױɱģԼĸԸɱ򣬼ʹҪɱҲҪһֽš
㣿ѯʵĿ⿴ݺݺ
ݺݺֻǿ·ƣ˵Ƿһ·
ֻ΢΢һЦͬһڣҲٻ壬ЦһҲأ
ֻһݺݺҲܵ
ôаɱңһˣҵıɾͲֻǾЩˣϺ壡ЦݣĿʮֱ䡣
ЦЦˣһССλ񣬾ȻսϺ壿治֪Դ涼װЩʲôȻ츳츳ҼˣսϺģ޲ڷ
˫ʵȴڷڲϣѰ˼Ҫôߣʮλ޵λʵû̫İգػԣȴԶԸǡ
֪¶ӣķ죬˵ҼȻ˵ҾһΪֻͨλ񡢻λӵңҲɵӣʹҽǻߣǺǺǡһĸɣ
ݺݺգͷһС㱻г룬պǵʲôˣлᣬһҪϾɱԲܸԷκһ˿Ļᣬղ֮˵ߣҲֻƭˣ
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һ֮ݺݺκȻӾβϵ𣬻һӰֱơ
ƽضŶԷǲͷݺݺȻ׵ķĵ·
ͬʱеʮλλҲ½˹ǴǷϵأλ
ȻӲӣ˵λλôһҲǳ鷳
һĹݺݺѾˣ乥ٶȣѾԶԶĳԽƵĿӺͷӦһƵĿڡ
ء
Ƶɶȥֱӱһƻ飬Ѫ죬ɷĩ
ţݺݺͷһΪûзִƵϵʲô֤ƻû
´ȴûκεջ񣬾̽ܣصס
ڣĿǰ״ĵ棬ָ̧һɫౡ
׼Ļһɳ
һɳҲҸ֮䣬ԷеһɲǣеҲһֵضɽҡĸо̾ŮˣȻǿ᣿Ȼҵķֱӻ飬ô죿
С䣬ҳȥǰɣ˿ҲҸ֮УƵļ򣬿˵
ǲˣңҲҵ飡ҡҡͷ
ⲻֻ飬׵ӣһļ廹ǻģ˿Ц
ãҪԼ
ٻ΢ıһٶʱ㲻ȥԺ飬ֻܿԼˣ˿ٴ˵
ƾĶڵ˵ͷ


662 ѱĿ
ĹڳƵעַɹĿܱӪˣʮܱһֱûôǵսձ鶼Ǹ߼򣬵ǿȴλ񣬼ʹ磬ҲǲСˡ
첻ǾϺٱɣЦһɹ֮Уһӣǧܱ㱻˲
Ϣǧ׵Ŀ˲ܣûж˹Ǽٵɢӡ
ݺݺһĻɵôסˣ߿յ˵Ҳȫɵۡ
ܿݺݺͷӦ˹Ϊ֮ǰʶɳѾǾ֤Ѿǧ֮ˡ
ǧǿΪλĿܣɱǣҲϣݺݺһӣһɢȥ֮һ㣬ȫضϡ
ǣݺݺǣЩǿֻǳλĿնΪ֮󣬾ȻֿٻΣûȵĳȣûͷ³ͷ
ǧǧ飬ɢӡ
ʲôܣ߿֮еоš
˵ǺηȻͨ˸߼ĿݺݺͷѾһЩηˣɱһѱĿܣɾţս֪Ϻӵ˵ܴӹΪ۹
ڿնݺݺ·Ŀܣվ¶˾ģԽǱֵǿ󣬾ԽҪɱϺԺп鷳
˫ֽӶһٴɢӵĿܾʿ֮ڡ
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ܱһηָжϣѱΣȻǵսҲԽͣƺѱԽ࣬սԽһ㡣
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ѱΪܾʿȴһҲû룬ȫⷽԲʮķ֮УҪͻƷ֣ǲܵ顣
ٷҲڷǷ׷չ߷ɣԽߴǧ׵ķȦɢӡ
Ϻĸλ׷׳֣ǲиܣֱӺ顣
Ȼܶ࣬ôλɱҲǳɣһ־һƬʱǾͱնɱ˴룬ֻ²ٸҲ
ݺݺץȥоЩڵĿռ֮С
ʶһһɨӷȦȴûκεķ֣̽صףҲһ
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ѵʣµδ֮ڣݺݺ֮ԼĿռֱӾͽܽɱ飬ֻһ
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һܣû֣ΪԿ϶һѾˣôܵģһʱҲ벻Եɵġ
ϵ£룿ݺݺԲƻһ֮У˫ۣһ½ĸԺ֮С
Ȼ˫̧ۣͷ죬ͷųķȦֻӵһֱ׵ķ綴ղƺмֻǷ綯߷ˡ
ѵǸ˻зĿ𣿡ݺݺȻ˰ȴҲڼӵĳˣһôܾˣ
Բˣݺݺ˫ɱųܶٺһעܷȫѰɳħޣǸӳħɽٷؼ壬֣ħɽΧȥϺҪˣ
صɫ˷׷׵ͷ
޴ķȦһݺݺϣ̶ûڡ

ʱƣȷʵˣֻÿܷΪ۸ûܣԼûɣټϱ˿ıȻҲϢݺݺֲҲûʲôֵġ
ﵽλ񾳽֮ر˽վȻ޷࣬ƾޣѾڻбֱˣһֻ࣬˵ء
ȻݺݺʱҲȻˣݺݺĴ⣬ҲΪӵзе
ټı䣬Ҳͺࡣ
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߿գʱʱӴʶɨӣ˭ܲµƻữһֻ
ֱڶ죬ûиܵʶ֮̽ŴʱԼضϣһжֻǱˡ

նƬϼҫ£ֱɽõվɽ֦ͷǲԶѰϺޣЦϺ壿ӾǶһʱ䣬жı£
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663 ο
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Ʋ֪⻨߶ħޣԷƺӦĴڣڲԶѰ䡣
Ϊֶȴȱ߸ˡ
Ӳ㻹ΪǲèưһһǱڶ·Ȼ˹˲ƣ߸ط
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һȴҲСλħޣֻҲصĵطһһŲʶһֱơ
ҲʮСĵעŽˣȴûЩӲݻһϸС
ʮ׵ʱ˫µȻ棬ĽסˣͬʱǰҲ߳˳ǹ˲

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໡໡໣
˻𣬷ֻ֫Ѿסˣв·ֱӴ͸Ƥڡ
ףվͷ­ǰޱĵϸС˳Կ֮С

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ӦÿиʮƷʯɣöɫ壬¶Цݣ˵䣬õĵһöħ޾ʯ
ʯҸ֮ң룬ֽʬˣмħޣѪ֮ҲдȫԷָߵ˳ԣԼЩħޣΪҲм洦ġ
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һɸߵٲɫƥӸ߸ߵɽ֮һк£ˮھ޴ʯ֮ϣˮգ
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̤붴УƱҪһʱ䣬ڽվָ֮£ڲϵĻΡ
һһáһţһ
ԭЩ϶Ѿ߱ͨٴνƵϣֻһȴͬΪЩƵĿġ
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ȻһӰɽ׸ߵĵȥһƺ𴫳Ƶı廯һͷȻ䣡
ֻĿռѹƼҲô̶֮󣬽ߵΣʹ̶̶ˮ̧ʮס
ֱа׵̶Ѿȫռݡ


664 ɱ
ڻһ˲䣬ڸܵλսεĴһţһƺƥٲȻȫʹٲֱӶԲʮˮҲƼĿУһ޴ˮ
𡭡
ٴһˮڵһ㣬гһɽ֮ϡ
䡭
ɽ嵹ɢ飬̶ˮγɵĳлɷĩ
ʮ֮󣬸߿ٲڼѾɺԵˮ̶֮С
ֻһ֮ҲԽԽСһ޴ƵƣȻ˷ܣȴںͻѾ֧ǿǿǷ˿ȳλһҲ˶ѡ
Ͼųλƾհ۾ǿ壬ѾǼס
֮ǰֻγĴʥӰ޷Ĵʥʵ壬˵ЧĿˡ
ĳ֣ҲԼԼܵһ˿ˮķ򣬵ָָ֮Ҳ֮ʧˡ
ԺҪΣӷĸ򣬽ľˮĴԪطһյģҵΪȻƽطӦҲǿɰưһ
֮ǰĶйصķЩ򣬴ֻ֮ͨãֻ֮ܳΪεȷ򣬿ȻԪйصķȴͨãҲеȷǸߵȷ
ķһ߱ȻԱŸΪ͸ĸ֪ǿҲͲԶˡ
Ƭ֮뿪ˮ̶֮һԶаѾϺ˰ɣ˵ز˾ǵתתơ
ֱɸߵɽƼƬ֮䣬ﵽɽ֮ϣңԶ˫չͻƾͱֻӰķޣ˫ڿնȥ

ïܵĴ֣Ǳ˶鶴ħ޶ǵսľͷɨķȴҺұܡ
һȺٴܺΧūУϢϵĴӹľ֦ԾЪ֦֮ϵȺ
һȺжʮ˵ĶĻܣ֣ɫأŵĽ䱸š
ȺȺҿ쳷һӵзӥħ޵λ񾪿ֵĴ
ʲôµģȺǰֲûмһ˶ٷǣӵһ߼λѵ
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ƥǣҲĿľǣ׾ѱǣҪȺ㽫ƥɢǸ޷ۼ
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һϺϺӵ·ǾսԾһùľͼٴεȥʱս޵֫Ȼ֮£ʹҹľ֦ϣѹ֦ͷλϺӵȴҲ˦˳ȥ
δأһڿն𣬴գͽٻƣװ

ֻһսޱʹһսʮ˵Ķûһģ˸߿һֻķ֮⣬ʣµҪôҸ֮ңҪôǱȺɡ

ȺܿɢȥµѪ߰ߵĳء
ʱ֮һƬ֮УǱӰħɽ룬иǲϸߺ
Ǹ֣˫ϵĳܵɨӣǿ־ģź׷ɱһ㡣
ڸղţԭʮ˵Ķ飬һ˲͸ûһ룬ս޼ħȫʣһֻս޶ӣһ·ÿһҽйܻʧôģǶ֪
󣬾ֻʣˡ
֪ǸһڸţǵߣһץסᣬؽԼɱ
ǶѾ³ԼһǸһֱλͨ׽õħȴûħľϲû룬ƺһеֻ룬뿪ħɽҲ̤һ
ȼѪҺͻǣƴܣȻڿ⣬ϸֳϲΪǰףƬֵľͷֻҪ뿪֣ħ޷͵ϮˣңԼҲܳ޿پԮ
ɫ¶ϲ֮Ϸ׷׺ݺһ̤ʱα㳯ǰϷĹȥֱӵ𣬴ľ֦֣գһԾ֡
ɾԾ֣ϸ߿յʱ򣬴·ȻӰǵһ
ͽ˶˿УƼ˳׵İ
ҵĽֱգɢȥʮ֮ң


665 ɱ
ħδѱ֮ǰħޣѱΪ֮󣬳Ϊսޡ
ʱħɽΧһɽϣʮֻ˫ս޺һͷβϺţǵǰŮӺʮλ۵üͷעħɽ
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һӥһֻչһ׵ķӥʸĸ£ƮƮڵһӵļͷӵɫԽԵء
Ѿһʮ˵С鱻ɱˣӿ˵
ݺݺ˫ɱһ
ΪֹɽӶŵķ֧ѾʧˣһٶӶȫɱֻʣºһˣٴһ⻹ټһٶλ֣ҲѾʣ޼
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˷׷ҡͷ
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ǰбȺϮģбȺϮġбȺϮţȺȺһЩħ޸ͲȺħޣھȻ໥Ϲɱʵǹ죡˸źȵ
ݺݺδҲǳĿգϺҲܽħɽΧħȫնɱûǸȴһֲԤУħ֮Գ춯ԺǸԿйء
ѵħ޹ͨôܣʹԣҲôħ޹ͨܵõôħ޵Чݺݺһ
㣬ô죿ҲѾ޲ˣѵôɸ
ã㲻ǸЦһôԲʮλ񣬾ȻһλСһﶼɱˣҪǴȥϺδӣݺݺ˵˻ʱü˫͸¶ǧɱ⡣
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ַأ㲻ҪˣͨƾǹŹֵͿռԵֵռһܽһɱƾ֮زز˵Լǵ顣
ȻǰһˣԲɱǸˣҵȼʹܽնɱѵү֣
֪ʱǲźȻƺһǿС
ݺݺȴһã⻰ҲȻʱֻǴĴ⣬ӲȥҲôֻҪռܽ𣡡
ĹҲȷͨλ񣬸ס˵ɱˣǶһЩСԲʹԲʣµˣ԰ͬƻ£עǸټɣݾߣħɽɱңҲħɽдһӣ
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ǸߣһֻСС˶ɽµİҶ̽ͷ֨֨вħѶϢ
ܿ죬֮⣬һɫߵƣ֪һϢ
ˣѲɱɱˣˣϺҲ̫˰ɣԣӦֻڵ뿪ħɭֶѣ֪ħɽѲɱңҲǸŮˣưһܿͻ˱
ǶˣҲԾĵһʱˣΪгɣߺߡʹȥֺηҵҪʶʶϺ絽кα£
ٴһ֮Ҳ֮ʧɽпŲơ
Ǹٲڵɽ֮УҸ֮ңҸ֮Ҳһɳ˰ˮ̶֮ڡ


666 
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ѾΪͷڤߣϵʳһͷħޣѾ߽׵ľ硣
߽ͬ׵ϣҲǷƣ֮ħʬֱʧʣ°㡣
۽ޡţڡȵħޣǵʢ硣
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µħޣߵˣͬҲˣиħ޵ʬ塣
˵ϵһ⣬㹻˳ˡ
ȻôţȴߵΪѪ֮УǴе
˵ȵı仯ȻӲƵĸ֪Կ϶ʹЩ˲ֻҪõĳЩޣҲɵĴﵽλľ硣
ƲǸܴﵽߵΪֻҪܴﵽ񣬱㿰˵ΪˣѾ㹻ҲԼ롣
ɹħ֮УŸħֻڵǣѾָɣǸ
ﵽλ񾳽֮ɹڲʳѾԺƽ̬ˡ
ˣƹһ
΢΢ͷ㾫֮ͨԽѹӦҲΪҶ׼Ժɹ֮κжֻҪǿĿܣ
˷ģʮܱҿԺ׵ȫﵽλ񾳽磡˵
ŶƺǾȣ֪ǵǿȻλ񣬿սȴֻǸ߼򼶱Ҫβǵս
ֻҪһЩۼ󷨺һЩʯɣпܣһΪ˴һλܣֻǴҪΪṩƷƷʯ
˵ֻҪʯܷλĿܣƾϲ
˵ͷ
ƷʯǷҲܴλ񣿡ڴ
ֻҪ˿ṩ㹻ĲϺƷʯһǿԴģֻǣλѶȺܴÿһҪʮʱ䣡̬
ͷ𾪣ٴμСԲԲĿҲܴ죿
ҡҡͷˣ۵һܴȴԲܵˣֻǸˣһսʧˣҲ֪һսǱҲ̫ǸѾˣΪͨǺѱɱģʹҪɱҲôףıֶμʹǴ¶
ŶܴȴԲĿܣ߻ˣʲô֣Ϊʲô𣿡ƺ
ҾͲ֪ˣǶ񣬾ʲôΪû֪Ϊ֮⣬û˭ı壡
񣿡ļס֡
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ȽЩɫ޵һߣʮλ޵˳˵ˣЩħ޵иǧƷʯˣԺܿΪ˽ǿܾʿսλ߽׵ļǵɫħ޾ʯΪ˴ҳһ޿ܣ
޿ܣ
˵ͷ޿ܵսҲܿͨλ񣡡
ãһ߿ɾ͵ӵиˣģʱ䣬һռɫʯɫʯ
Ǵˣһ
Ƶ˵ͷ뿪ħĶ㡣
ʵƷʯҪλħ޵ȡɲǼ򵥵顣
ʹܴλĿܣҲŪƷʯҪ֪ĲʵƷʯֻСԲħڲ
ɱСԲħޣ֪ԼͲԣʹԴԲĹƾҸ֮һɹҲֵܵΪֻҪȥûˣͲˣȻᱻԷɱĴܡ
˵СԲλ񣬶ҪܲãҲնɱ
ﻹŪƷʯأֻɱħޣʵ̫ˣҪɱλħޣиʮƷʯư̾һ
ϺĲƸӦúܶɣһת¶˴Цݡ
Ȼɫٴһϲʧ޵İ¯֮С
վԱߣһ
˫ƣҲһϲС䣡
ӵһ𣬸ûֱá
ɹˣĽݣϲ
˵ͷţѾҳˣأзıҿԲηһ񹥻κι
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ϸӦϢԼҪǿһЩͱӦλи߼ˣٶȣҲһЩա
С䡭סƵıͶƵĻУϳֺΣ˼ˡ
ǺǺǣҲˣһЦֻŰ֬ѹԼţ˵Ļ˫΢΢⽫Уʹ֮Լ
ϼɵ˫̣΢΢ſС죬ƾ͵ͷȥסĴ꣬һ̣Ƭ֮ͳ׵̱ƵĻС
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ڰ¯еĸ֮ϣͷƵı䣬һֱֻסƵƵĻУ˫һ
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򣿡֪ŮΪ顣
ֽŮ齲һ飬Ȼһ󼤶±ӦƵ
һΣֱӽ壬Ƶڣ˵ĻǱܿںһ𡭡
ʱš
գ۾ʮ£緲˻̥һ㣬һµķȻƵڵƵҲһ˲佫׽ˣһϣķ򡭡
Ʋ֪ΪѾͨ˲л֮ȴΪԼһַҲȥ룬ԼߵЩŮӣһΪԼʮõĴεȷģ˵аķʱӦþͿԴﵽԲľ磬ȥȥʱͿռ䷨Ҳ㹻ﵽʥ˼ˡ
ʥˣ硣
˿˵̬ͨʾѾﵽλ񾳽磬ҲѾ̽ܣǲǿ÷Եأưһ
֪ԼߵŮҪȥѧϰʲôֻҪϵˣƾŶԷĸãͻֱӴﵽľ硣
ҲΪֱ࣬ͨӸ˷򣬳Ϊ
ֻͨԪذصγɵĹͷصֶΣǾΪǰᡣ
һѾ˷ˣֻҪۻͿˣϾҲָǰԼȥս
ȻֻҪ㹻ƾ跨ҲԶԸЩˡ
һˣǾԲܳΪģһǱҪͨԪصĸְںУǧȥѰҷңɹҲ֮һ
ҲΪα˿Ըһֱߵԭ
ͨ˲л꣬˷еķֵõһִεȷȻҲǼΪϲƷ˼ʱûмƵ˫ޡ
֪ºѾͷΪʲôķţǶﵽλ񾳽֮󣬾ͰǸˣٺ١ưЦ
ΪԽߵŮ˫ޣķ֮Խǿ󣬾ͺñȺݵʮµõķ㹻Ůϰ˫ˡ
Ҳʮڴλֵ˫ޣﵽεȳ̶ȣ
ԥɿԷ˫޵ʱҲڿǶԷӦá

ŵƣںȻͷųһ׹⣬ֻ׹ȴʮֵ΢һ㣬̹ܵ⡢⡢⡭
ÿһַɫͬйϼʧʱվҡҡͷǴ½ʱԹֳģϼֵ򣬶ǷӰĵطܵ˿ռѹƵӰ죬Ѿ޷ʹùϼȥӰˣ


668 άں
Ʒ֣ϼ޷̫Զռѹڣʹǿб壬Ҳᱻ֮ɢޣԵС
˼ĹУ뵽˱˿ıʹ÷һߣȻ֯һŴӰˡ
ҽͷųĹϼһͬһȥˣǲҲγǿƻ
ư֮ٴͷųһ׹⣬û㿪ʼЩ׹ԼƼֻϵİ׹ˮһ㣬ʼʣ̶γһԲ
ɰķɵģգȻ壬һѪĸо
ȥ
³һ֣Բ˲͵ָķΧײʮ֮ĵ棬һ죬Բʧɢ֮С
Ŀԣͷһϲ̧˫֣÷񣬽ֱַ֮۳壬һһף
ϧڻ޷ںһ𣬲ֻҪĻ㹻һȻҽ֮ⷨʱٵ£ͬʱĳһ˵ڣǶԵ˵ĴҲȻǳǿ󣡡
ʱ䣿ַ֣Լǰʹһʱ䷨͸˫֣Ƥγˮ͸С
СֻС˿ǰַ壬ƾ͵һ𽥵Ŀʱ塣
ǵĿԽΪʱȳӦÿ԰з
һһߴһ߻ںϣ̶ȫںһ壬ӱ濴һˮһɫ塣
ʱ³һǶͷѾð磬ǴԼĿռ֮УҲҪܵӰ죬Ҫɵʹ÷Ҳоǳĳ
ʱ֮ƵһɫҲʼˮ֮ںϡ
ɹںϣ
ʱ䣬ͷ·һάĿռ䣬ڼٵ£ˮȻûУңƺصһˡ
ţǾͶںϼȻоλķȴҲʮּΪҵһǿķ
ţַƵͬγɫͬС򣬼̶ֱʱ֮ڡ
ʱ忴ƺСȴһ޵׶ƽʱٵʱҲɹںַ
İǸжݵģ橵Ŀˡϣ
֣ȫںƵʱ䷨֮ڡ
Ƶ˫Ѿʼֱֻ׵С򣬷·شСģƵʶ뿪˰¯뿪Ҹ֮ң硣
ȥ
ֱӾͽС˳ȥŲƵ棬֮г߷ɣԶƬ̣ʮ֮Ĵ֮С
䡭
һСС壬ͷų˴۵ϼ⣬ʱ֮£ַ˲ײһ𣬺Ȼը޴ĳʹ÷Բǧ׵һ˲Բʮľը飬Ǿ޴ķˣʹð֮ĹľһЩǱ𣬵ضɽҡ
ըһֱ˽ӽӣȻͣ£ڵɽ嶼ըˣʯ䣬ٲ·̶û
Ȼֻλ񣬿һȴԶԶĳԽ֮ǰһԲݺݺ˷֮ռȡ

ħɽЩɱ޵ˣҲΪ𾪵Ѱűըǲ֪ǸǿǽϵһεĸоҲһ
ЩΪѰƶ֣ͬ棬ȴôҲ벻ôǿıըġ
̶ʯУһɫһ㻺ͻȻ̶֣һֱɫСӣԶɶȥ
ûȥֱħɽΧȥ
˵ҲɣΪûжĵطȻըһֱħɽвһֱչ׵ޣ֮񾡲أһֻֻðĺɫȴսϡ
һ˻˫͵һȣӴ֮Ǻɫ׷˹ȥ
ɫСȻ͸ܵһΣŤͷȥһͷͷλϢ׷ԼͷҲһš
ҪңѾܵ˶ԷĻʤͱ΢΢һ˲仯ΣҲһͷ
ֻͷȴҪԷͬһû˫ĳ׵壬ͷų˾޴ѹŤͷŭŶԷ
ţһСӾȻ˽Ҳǲ죬ڰֹ֮ͣΣֻǵַ֮ܵΪֻһͷλȻܸоԷ츳ԼҪһЩΪλޣȴηһλޡ


669 λ
ʲô츳սҵϣעΪҵĿвͣŭһ˫һҲͷֱӾƳ˹ȥ
ȴЦһֻӴٴβַ˱仯Ȼ˫ѸӴ󣬳ǧףɫҲɽɫɫ츳ǿĲ
ֻǲ֮һֻλ츳ļˣҲܳԲ磬޷Ϊ츳Ѿעġ
ȴȻһʥ飬ľԪطٿﵽλľ磬˵ܳΪ߼
ͬʱӴѹֱӾʱèһ㣬ҲܶԷʲôΪˣֱӾֹͣΣߵͷ
ǳһӵ츳ޣֻλ޼Ҳɱġ
һη壬һѾ˹ľԪؼƼγһ޴ɫ壬Ųһŭ𣬾
ߴʱֻжʮף㿪ѾˣȴıɱҲһŭ³һֱʮ׵ɫײһ
ǹһĻˣ³֮ȴûвеıը˻֮ڣֱĴ֮С
̻ǲģֻ޷ֹǰ֮ͺֻͣϵһΪѾĿС
һĻͬιһ㡣
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һĴд嶼һȴҲûзرıʡ
һ˻˫һͷܡ
һĻٴγ֣ںȻһÿɫֲӵĹԽԽ࣬أͽˣʹҲ޷У˻һͷգײ·֮ڣľˤĽų졣
𡭡
Ĳһŭһ𣬸ȥֻצӥץһͽ˵֮ϣϵĸȫɫֲĲ
ݵע֮ƻָ˱壬һЩվǰ
ֻҪ㳼ңҿԷһ·ƿһ
ֻ͸ֲķ϶ƣûȴѾûκսˣҲҶսǰ˳η壬޷ŪףһֻСӣΪνӶıΣվȻΡ
һԷվ˵ͷΪޣǿĴͳοԷӵ츳⣬ԿԳΪ񣬵սޣҲһֽ֪ղԼĻ֮ûֵܵΪǷ֮γɵģ޿ײ룬м޷ֹƶ
ʹСԲߴԲҲֻܼĹȴҲ޷ȫ赲
ıԪ񣡡ƿһ֪ﵽޣֻһ취ƿˣǾǱԪһɼҵһȦѾûʲôˡ
ȻǴСѾģǾûҪˣͬߵڤߵħһ
һţ³һ򣬷ơ
̧ӹֱ֮ӾԼڣ˲ƿصˡ
ưͷƱ˫ۣͽڵľԷ֮Ƴ⡣
ľϵҲֻɵĽҪ˱ˣ񣬶Ҫķһֽš
վȻƵǰ޴ͷ­ƵĽϣ³ԣˣ
΢΢ͷҲͨ䣬Ӧ֪ѶϢƬ֮󣬱ħɽ˸˽⣬ͼǿöˡ
ħɽΧ϶λ޺λޣвȴλλ޵£ڲΪҲλ඼СԲԲ𣬸ǿޣһֻһ
ⱱħɽʹ籱۹Сӡ
ߣһ뿪һԾı
һ˻𣬼̶
ͷޣƸ·ͷĶˣٵħɽΧȥ
żֻӥ໬жǲҲг޵¶ȵɫΪǶóķޣλޣƱΪȴֻλ
ȾϵĲ࣬ǲһĸģӦǼģƵΪӵǿķޡ
֮⣬һͷλ޵ιҪķѾʣͨλġ
ħɽΧеʱɽųõһ˷ܵϢ
ħֳˣʮˣһΪѾ㣬û뵽ȻҹĳޣЦһиͷųǧٵĺ⡣


670 ֻһ
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ʱųҲƺҲѾ֪³ֵϢһͷǶų꣬ɫҲͬϲƬ֮¶ǣųųҲ㽫Ϣ֪ͨɣ˵ʵҲѽħɱ
ųǸ޵Ůӣһ˫ϸһֱĸо΢΢ͷҲħսֻҪӵλУһΣ϶ħߵģ
ãھʹѶٴһЩųųܼӣ˿϶Ĵ𸴡

Ȼ֪лвעԼȴĿŵĳλɽ
ķٶȿޱȵģ̶̵ʮӣɽϿգչа׵ᣬգڵ¾޴ӰҲʹɽе˵ȶһЩĻš
Ҫ֪λкܶ࣬ǣǿ޵˲ܷ࣬еսޣ಻ôץģ磬ֻܷС
գƵĿͷϺӶŵפأһƬСĸۡףɿԿۡвͷĿ
壬⣬˫һ£ǴſһܳϺӶŵĸۡ
ųһĻͷ󾪣ٺһСģħˣ
ͬʱֵһɫӣ˲һ˸߶ȣչ֮£һȡ
Х
ըѣϯϣǻײһ
䣡
죬ձը
ĵһûдЧ
ͬʱųųҲͬʱ˹ֱе
ȴ˷ͬʱ˫Ҳɢһɹֵꡣ
ϺģħˣһХûбԼ֣öԷԼš
˷֮˫ʧȡ֮֮ʱµںϣֻһοûôֻΰСôһΣӵ֮们䣬׹Ϻĸۡ
Ϻųˣһ㶣벻ֻһˣɻðһͷŹϼˮʲô
ĺҪΪŲͬɫΪƵĺ
֪ƵҴ⣬ָһһ֧Ԫļʸ𣬳ɹײǡΡ֮ϡ
ֻǣԼķԪذɵļʸȴײڿһ㣬дֱɸ߿ա
ȴڽ䡣
ųųˣҲ¶صɫʳָһͼλɢ
Ҳֻܼε׹ٶȣȴ޷ֹ
գ֮䣬ξ˲ʮ׵ĿС
ã쳷ųƺʲôΪֲ飬ɫ䣬һ˫͵һ̤棬èһ㣬һӰۡΧȥ
ųҲһ㵣æͼߡ
ȴҲʱȻһ۵Ĺâһľ졣

ĿǹϼֻоϼһѰѼѰĴԼڡ
һ̣оԼˣû˿ʹûȴܷԼڻʧ֪žһҪ
ǣûֱ
̡
һ죬һѰɫۺСӣһöɫĽָ׹˵֮ϡ
ͬʱǸųŮҲͬûκεֿĻᣬƾʧ
ռʮĶĸۡҲΪƽأивսޱ
ɽ򿿽ϺӶһķҲܵ˲ըγɵĳ飬ҪƼ˷֮ɽҲˡ
ǸĶųͷȻûбҲнʱըɳףźȻˤ棬ѾѪģ
һס˵꣬򽫺ų׹ĶͬʱգҸ֮С
ߣƶٺһһͷħɽ֮С
ֻƲûԶһƬ˵ͽҸ֮ңɷ࣬һùľ֦ͷʼԼջ
һõλһӺһɫͷ乭Լռ
ֻռɲװˣ
ûӺ乭ʼ̽ռбһϲ
һӦųģʯв٣ƷʯнţƷʯҲǧţƷʯһһٶţ⻹в޾ʯӦҲиʯ


671 򳤻
ûд㽫޾ʯиʯǴ޿ܡ
ЩʯȻҲԼܡ
֮ǰΪ˾ǧܣʮȣС׼ˣʧԺԲƣ˵ɹ汾дľĹƣٴʮܶΪ⡣
λܱȽѴУֻȶһЩλλܣֻҪɣƱһֻӴľӣ˵֮ǰͳһҲռһǡ
ңƻ֣ǲηЩߵģƿԻܸоϣƵᦶúõĴš
ȻЩаֱʹ÷򹥻ǾͿ϶޷ֿˡ
Уһ̶ϣܿǱ˸ӿɿսҲǿ
һռҲвʯ޾ʯֻϾֻ࣬Ǻռе֮һ
֮⣬ƻ˼ֵͼħɽвģħɽΧһЩǳء
ܿ죬ƾͷһԾϢǾħɽĳȻǹ̶ģÿһʱ䣬򶼻һȶջʤߣͿԳΪ򳤻߳
ǧħɽı棬һʮС򣬽Сǣǧгǣǳأʮͳǳء
ձĹأµСÿҪһλȶʮµСÿһλ죻ʮµмǳÿһΣҵĴǳÿǧһΣʮ˿ϵĳͳǳÿǧһλ
ȻȼͬĳһЩμС򳤾ıλʸСλгСԲǴԲǾʸˡ
ЩǱ۹ʮ˹ͬƶģֻЩκһ۹߹ƽǹ壬Բ룬Ҫչ£ĸ򳤡ʱ򣬶۹мӺ͹֤
ΪλֵԼԼõϢвµһЩǾΪ˵ħɽеħޡ
ݴԣÿһʱ䣬ħɽһ޳޳κһߵ۹޷Ҫ͡
ħɽʮ򣬾൱ڽϳһǣͨ˲ؼʱ̣ܹͬ
ȻΪ˹ƽŶ˲ͬȼĳ򣬲˵ΪҲͬĹ
ͺñɽ˿ֻмǧˣҲֻλ񾳽磬ʹӶŵųλһ򳤻ѡ٣Ҳûʸ򳤵ְλȴȥ˿ʮµСǳ
Ϊ򳤻߳Ǿ൱ӵϽȨһ˰նС
Ȼǹһܲˣһ֧ߣҲǴ壬򣬼ʹʤҲܺܺõĹϽǳأģҲͳ˸岩ĵսˡ
ڵΪȫС򳤣С࣬ԣÿ궼ǧСлѡ١
ʾҪ˼죬ǧ֮½߰˸С򻻽죬˼Ƭ֮ƾչ˫ħɽΧȥ
ʱϺݺݺѾԶٷԶԶǾıըɽϷ֮ȴסˣϺӶŲˣԭĸۡԱսޣѾȫʧ
ħݺݺ˫ɱأ̤ɺ·ҧ³֡
ݺݺ˷ŭɫԶķȴҲֻɨһۣħɽһ·򶫷ȥ
ʱûϺĸԿһµļƻ
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ƵĻƿԣһЩԼ۾Ͷ䣬׷עƣҲ˰Ҳֹͣ
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һɾ磬ѵһƵϣƺһܽƸ顣
кεв˧Ҳһ亹
ƲηԼʢ·뵽ʲôջصѹϴ΢Ц˰ˣˣԸ⽫Ů͸ңҲһ⣬Ժﵱ򳤣û˸ҰôϺ壬ȻǴкҲҰΣ
л񣡡ƿȻô˵ȴ˭˵Ҫ͸ˣûƷʯ˭Ҳ߰˴ߣ
ţ˵߻вٸŮӣںδʢʵ
ˣǶǳˣĻҪˣҹʱ͸һ
ʲôһˣλ˽ǧİʢƵĻ֮ɷڡ
ţʮɣмѾˣ߻߰˸
߰˸Ǽ˭ˣݼең
ԲˣҴӦ͸¶κϢװźΪѡ
ʢ΢΢˵ͷҲ֪˭ôˣҲԸ֪ʲôʱ԰Ƕ˧
⣿ͷƤ
ôʲôѴʢŭĶơ
ʵǵȨȻǣӦҲ֪ǸǳĽҴӦǣһҸõĹޣҾԻȫ֧ǵԡ
ʢգһô޷ȫ֧
Բǣֻǡ
ֻʲôʢٴɢ
ˣ̤һƵǰϻתŰʢˣƶжЩΪ֧Ǻķ˾ʣҵȽԭԸ뿪ΪԺиõķ򣬲ûԲŴ뿪ȥͶһȴÿôչˣԲǸȥļ۸ҲǸģ˿ǣ벻ҪǵĶˣʣµĽûҪģ
ʢգЦ¸ϣԭҾ;Ϊܾǵˣ
˵䣬ʢ͵һռָӸƣŵƷʯҲҸλѣ±ǣ
ƽӹ֮̽ʯ鿴Ȼ٣һſĲʵƷʯѻɽбһϲ̧ͷʢˣлˣֻǣ㿴ܲٸһЩ𣿵ʱҺýһЩ˶
𣿡ʢüͷƷʯȻ࣬ȴҲ٣ԭǧƷʯѾڸƺôˣȴ飬ȻٴҪ
һϾܵõδеĲַ²٣ƾһ̰Ƶˣ̰ƣҲԲὫôƯŮӸˡ
ŤͷŮʢֵԺԸҰϾ֮У
˵ͷǿԴӦ˧Ժ󲻹ǴﵽεΪΪϾ£ӰϾ˧ǻϣ˧ܴӦǼҪ󣡡
ã˵ʢֱ壬ֱʱŸоȽ׼Ӧ׼ĽͻǲˣԼ


678 ɽ
һȫ˵˵һ
ȻǼ밲Ͼ֮õԴҲΪģļɣʢɫ
ڶǲĸ˵ūֻڰϾǻᰴվ£Ӿٴһ
ʢü˼֪е˼Ҳ˵˶ŮȴǶŮˣŮ밲Ͼ൱ڰϾķѾĸ֣Ժ޷Ůɼū
ҪȻðʢһЩȴҲܽܣϾϾ۹ˣңŮҲѾ֪ܶ˵ܿͻᴫ۹Ķ嶼ǡ
ԺĴﵽ񾳽磬λȻ᲻ͬԼпǣµĻѣ൱ˣҲûʲô׵ġ
ãҴӦǣʢ˵ͷʲôҪһ˵ɣ
ǵɣδﵽ֮ǰҲ밲ϾκȻﵽ񾳽֮ǻ˧ĵǲ
ʢͷκΣһ㲻Ҳô¸ȱСԲȻöŮȥðʲô飬лصҿԲǵɣǣȥҪǰ⣬δﵽ֮ǰһǣ
л˧ǻϣܱӻƵİȫ
ǺǺǣҸղѾ˵ˣǲұҲôƣ˵أʢĿơ
Ȼ֪ʢе˼æص˧ģ죬ҾͻᴫѶ˹
ǺǺǡãŶղ˵飬ڿԴӦ㣬ﻹƷʯҲ£ҪסӦ˧飬ЯЩʯߣӦ֪ʲôʢϴЦݣȴ¶˼ɱ⡣
˧ģҼȻѾɽ򳤣Ȼ뿪ɽ򣬼ʹ뿪Ҳǰͨ˧Ȼ»ϣ˧ԶһЩɽ򣡡
ɷģʢӦҲǸ֪ˣԼ
һ֣ʢӸһŴѶ飺⴫ѶպãʲôʱѶң
л˧
ʢ΢΢ͷŮ˵ҹǶѾﵽλ߼磬ɣһЩҺ£Ҫ˶þܴﵽλˣԼ˵Ҳһֱϣ
ʢִԼĿռеƿݸŮ
ŮлҲ֪Һ޻ĺöƽʱʱȻоۼɵԪҺ壬̶ȿʯ
ˣһҪæλԸһͬǰ϶ǣʢվ
Ǵһʱ䣬˳ҲȺõպлᣬȥݷ˧ص
ʢ˵ͷҲûΪѶŮңҲ֪߻жŮӣʹŮٴ˵أҲҪ˼ƣԱصҪСģʲô飬Ѷңңһ˱ǣ
л˧
ʢûжֻ̤·Ƶߵʱȴ̧Ƶģ˧ĺϢ
˧ģƼæӦ
һȥɣܿͻ滻㣡
˧е㲻ȴҲΥŰʢһͬ뿪⴦լԺ
ƹͶ뿪ȴҲԺվЩϾ
ݣһЩʮƷʯôĵˣһ˵ʮƷʯֻǲƸǶ˵ȴʮλܣǰϾûսһʮλƳǾԿһڲ֮ء
Ůǳŭƣ˿ǲ˵ǸˣҼǵҺ˰ɣ
ٺ٣˿㣬ҲҲиù𣿡ɵЦ
ͷ˿ݺݵôһƵͷ­ΪҲ֪ʲô⣿
Ҹɽ԰ɣ˽ңƵű˿棬ֱӽϸ֫˻С
΢ŤŤ˾죬ֵ̧һƵĶͷѽϣһ㲻ҪҸˣ
ôܣ˵ʯҲֻͨ鿴˧ôǿأǴﵽ񾳽֮ҪʲôĻҲһѣҲǶԵóЩʯˣ˵ţַſ
ʲôʱǳʵ
ܿ죬ǻҪʢԸϺ壬ôõʯ㹻λܴ꣬Ǿ;ɽŰɣ
΢΢˵ͷ
˿ȴüͷƵףƺ¶ʲôģ


679 Ƶо
ҺܸܲãƿеСƿӡ
ȻͷⶫûʲôãֻҪںϷ˲лУټ˫޵ķҲò
Ȼ֪ЩĽҺ˹
˿ˣҲеƿӸƣⶫҲûʲôãնµķѾͨˣֻҪΪ
ٺ٣Ҿͼˣ˿໴ģǲãҾ͸ˣЩϾǿţǰҴһЩ飬ȥɹ濴ǣ˵ֱ꣬ʧڶŮǰ
ƣ˿һʧþһš
ƺµ˱˿˼Ȼ쿩ֱЦ
˿ˣһ죬

ɹƣֱӾͶãڰλܣһԹۿʱƷƿܵʱƺǳףֻÿһһ̤¯֮УһЩӡһЩλʯʮӱƳɹ
Ƶĵͣ¹˵ˣ
ţƵ˵ͷƺҲûǵľɣ
شˣǵǿȿλʵֻҪһЩ󷨺ԪɵĽλ񾳽磡
ǴλΪôѣҪʮꣿƷʵ
ΪΪ̫ͣλĻټϾϣҲܺܿĽǸλܣ
ԭˣ֪ʲô磿
شˣλ۷Ѿһˣ
Ƴ˼Ƭ̣ŮõҺݸһƿ㿴һƿҺͻƾƿ
ӹ֮󣬽ƿǴ򿪣ʶ̽Уɫһˣ㹻ͻƿˣǧҺ壡
֪Сƿڲؿռ䣬֪жٶ㾡ðɣϣ㾡ͻƣ
лˣЩҺֻҪ±ͻƣ
һ֣һƬλʯڵ֮ϣѻСɽͻ֮λܣԽԽã
˵գüַɳһͨһֵ죬ʱƿܵʱҲԵ棡
ǣˣɫһϲűӪ㳡ͨĿдž̾
ͨһֱƵڣƵķʱ䷨ڣ䱾Ҳӵһķˡ
ʧҸ֮棬Ůϵİ˸С«پ׺ţգΰǣ塣
˸С«Ҳǳڴǰĺ«ֵܣ֪«᲻ĳ«
ȻҲֻˡ
ŨҪʲôҺŮΪվʣµʮ˸ŮӣҲϣǵǵԸҲࡣ
ƿĸоΪͨˣֻûжɽ٣ڻûתΪֻ֮ҪΪʲôʱɽ٣ѾҪˡ
ͥԺ֮Уƾͳʬǰʬûֽ⣬ΪоǶĲһΣ˽𲧣Ľš
ȻɫһϲгһյƣҲǵסȸʥơ
˳˿ƣаȸ˵ȱһоֻҪҵ˵оܴﵽ鱦ļ𡣺鱦Ӧþ֪вУ
һ֮ýգͽĽȡ˳һЩ룬ƺǸͽƵϷ
һӽƣڲƿĸоƺҵҪĶƺҵ˹һ㣬Ǹֱڲƻںһ𣬸Ǳգʹýͷų߲ϼҫۣγʵʵĻ̬ҡҷš
ɹˣһ̾ԵĸоƵȻӡ
ڽۺ£Ϊһ塣
һƾ͵֮УǽϵĻȻڶ𣬻һֻצ๡ɫëɫβķˣֻֻҪȵǸ˲лӿֲһܷ˲ȼ
ҲΪˣƲûио͵κεȡ
Ż͵ռ֮ѹסˣֱӶ˰¯֮ڡ
ҵҪ㻹ʲô죡ưһ
ܿ죬Ƿ֮ĽҲ˶ɢһǷУǷ˽֧ıˣ峹ʧ
ȴգƵ֮£Զ˹ȥ
Ҫˣ¯еСձɫһ
գֹͣƶգٻû֮ڡ


680 񾳽磿
¯еľС鼱һƵߣҲջ˻档
СƺԶ󣬸ͷֻһߣȺɻγɵĳ΢΢Ƶǰ˵ˣղŵһ˰¯ģ
Ŷ΢΢ͷԼ̫⣬˵оƣӦǺ鱦ˣ鱦һֿܵ
ƣĽɫӦþͿȺ鱦˰ɣϣ֪ɳֵȼţԺûˣ
ϲˣСҲƨ
Ƴ˳С飬ʶɨһֻڵľɲһˣһƬǧƽףвš
С飬ɻܳľ𣿡Ʒʵ
ˣˣΪҵ㵱Щˣֻ֦ܿɢҶȴˣ
ô˵ΪҵľѪŻûɵģƷʵ
С˵ͷӦǣû˵ľѪӦþͲС飡
ô˵ŮƽСסˣ´һֱޡ
СĬĬĵ˵ͷ˵ľѪգٽȻԪأң
һգСĻģһʱҲ޷ִڽӴķʽĿȴĶС飬ѪͬԴĸоǳŨ΢΢˵ͷΪǺ¯ͬģҲλ񾳽ˣֻ൱ڻǣţһԺڵߣ
̫ллˣҪôЩɻ𣿡Сָźɻ
ЩȻȴԱ㣡ƷſС飬˵㵽ϣ
ˣòã˹أұʹˣûˣСգգ۾
ǺǺǣɵӣѾںһ壬㿴ֻǱ󣬼ʹҽժҲܿģзģ𡣲֮ǰ㻹Ҫѧϰվʲôʱ󣬲ܳɹ޷ΪģھͰѷ㣡
һֱ֮Ӿö˵ʶͨıܣվС顣
С˫ʼк⣬գһ
Ƽˣ˼οС˵۸൱ںɻ֮ڣ֮飬ͨԼĸɷڽվСӦҲܺܿɹΪС鱾û࣬¯壬ֻҪ˽վķ״ﵽܴﵽľ硣
ȻƬ֮Сͻһɻֱһ¯̶Ȼֱ
΢Цָ罣ֱӽĽն֮СĽŵףСĽŵഥ֮ܵҲ£С͸
Ƭֳ֮˳С鵱ն󣬴ڽⲿһ㡣
С£ȴСġ
һա
ںһ𣬺ڽİԼǿжУ̶ͨİճŮ̬˳ȻȴɫҶѡ
ϼţŮת磬裬ƮƮ
ȹϼ֮СѾһŮͷһߣŵĽĽѾأɫϲ´Լһ˶ƵĻסƵҪǵƵһڣллˣ
лңĻԵڿǺһˣֻҪ겻ܵ˺㣬෴㳹׵ƿ˷֮ΪҲֱˣˣϢɣƺͰ¯ͬҾͽ¯Ϊһ壡
һ֣ƾʹСһҸ֮ҵķֻһŰ¯һֶƣ˫ֿʼ£Ҳһ
Ҳ˵¯Ƹںˡ
Щ֮ƺȻٴų˲ɫϼһ˲ʵð˳
İ˲а˰꣬һһɫӨ͸ɷ
ڲҲڿٵı仯ţ涷ޣǺҶҲøӴ̣˿Ϊڲɡ
һĻҲһ̾ǵ͹˾ͽˣǱ֮һֱûгɳ㣬ŵķںһպ˵˳Ծı仯ӦҲͬһ㣡
ףˣҸоҺһӱǿˣ񣬺ֱӾʹﵽ񾳽ˣ뿪ƻС飬в
񾳽磿ҲǳԾ¸ӦСı仯ȷʵˣСʶȻǿȻԼ޺ȴмֵѹ


681 ȡɻ
ӦںϵԵʣӦòſԷӳƵȫԸһ񣬾û⣬ңǺεȷ򣿡ƺڴʵ
Ҳ֪ǲǷ򣡡С̧һɫС
⻨ȻϵĻһģһһһʣ˲ʣСһ֮Ʈɶ𣬲ϵɢɫĻ꣬ͱ˻ĺԽԽ࣬·һһ㣬ƺСԡС
ЩӦñȸղŵǿˣǷһ̬ںֻһַпֲĻȴ̬ƽ͡һзյĸоѵַںϣСڵΪưһҲ޷ȷСʲôˣӦñһĳǿһЩɣ
ˣջȥɣԺţһƿ˵
ţСȫûľһҪˣһ֣ͻ궼ڣҲԼڡ
˵ڵС飬վﲻɳ񹥻Ҳ˺ˣڣڲ֮塣
ǽվ䣬Ҫ򣬿ɶֽһ䡣
ţСɵĵ˵ͷ
æеĻ棬ȥɹƿܣľ㱾ǰ¯ľ飬֪Ʒ֪ʶȡսҲѧ֣
ãھͰŪȥСһЩɴ
ٹɣ֮ںһȥһ֣СͳҸ֮ң򳤵Ŀ֮С
СڣѾȫõϺ׷ɱˡ
ı壬ĸˣ֮壬ֻҪϢӦÿ͸ľΪƽһ̤֮
С䣬ôͳˣλǣͱ˿պôԺ˽ǳԾĿߵͷɫͷġˡ
ҲΪɣСԲ˿ֻûб˿ָ߹ʣͬСѾͷһӵתһƺԵ÷ǳ棬˵ʱ򣬶һɵЦ
ǸС飬ոոһµǿôЦ
ǰ¯еǸС飿ǰץסС˫֣֮ǰһֱڰ¯СǷǳϲ˵ĸҲǳ
ѽŮˣҾǸС飬㿴Ư𣿡Сɢɫ㷢
ƯȻƯԺŮˣҽˣ
㣿˸ղŻ˵Ůأ˵ӣҽ㣬ǲǱֲϣСգգۣɻ
СѾͷҲûʲôѪԵϵ¯֮ܽȫһɺϣҵľѪڰ¯棬ڣ޷ư¯ˣںһ壿СһЩ⣬Ա
ҲŮСȻһЩʧӣƺԼûҪĺӡ
ǺǺǡúãԺҺСͰ㵱ŮˣĸСͷ㷢
СݼĸףСһϲ
Ƽˣֻܸ̾һ̬ͼĺͯƣȴӵľ磬ʵɺеɺϡ
ı˿ǷǳĲС飿ѵҲǾһ壿ıʲô
ı͵
壬ֲôƯΪʲôȴһĸоѵѾﵽ񾳽磿˿֪¯ϸоһ޵Ļ档
ţС˵ͷ
ǻûػټϷŽ֮ģ൱ֻΪдһߣӦúܿͿȫϢı֮ȫƽ͵
ھͿԣСһЦ·ϺȻֳ˼ƬҶҶߣ·ɨһеĹΣƬ֮СҲܲ㱩Σգȡ֮š
Ȼһ㣬һС䣬ҲǰʢˣСڣӦòʲôΣˣ˿Ц̶ץסСֱۣѵͽС飿绹ֵĺãñһ֪ǾģҲã
С鲻𣿡С۰Ͱ͵Ŀơ
ĸ׸ְɣЦ
ЦҽͽкɻɣҲı壡
ţллףССͶĻ
ӴԺ߱һкɻ񣬺ɻΪʵƲûгʲôȫǸֻԵɺϴٳɵģûоûзž䡢ûзŽûƣɻҲͲôĴﵽľ硣
ĵʱ򣬼ӴʶȻɨӶ̧ͷ죬ݺݺȻһ˼ɶƬ֮䣬Ѿ򳤵լԺΧ


682 ɱ
һݺݺˣбһЦû뵽ôʱ
һʮˣΪ͵ҲλλСԲλԲЩ˵ʶԺ֣ǽˡ
ٺ٣ǶôȥͶ̥ƴЦһ
Ϭɻ͸Ӧеɱ⣬̤ǰ˵ǶŮˣ
һһ˵ζȴܸоɻԼͬκһӶϣиĸõԼĸ۰һ㣬ģҲĬŮ
ȻŮΪ֮壬ǰһһӵ£һһɡ
ֻǲƵͷݺݺŭħŶԣӦýƲŶԣΪ㵱򳤣ҵ˰ʢɽϺκβ𣿡
ûаֻ֪κ鶼ҪԼ𣿡Ʒúɻ֣ԵúǲĻص
㻹֪֮ϻ˵гǶҿ㲻
㵱аɱңͲһͷϺˣЦһ
Ʋηɱɫݺݺһ㶣֮ǰŮ˵飬ЩŮˣɶǾͨģȻΪߣǱȴӹɣһ㵽ʲôˣ
ôʲôˣ֮ǰɱҵʱôû
ʲô˶֪ͨλҪ˶ãͻдǰٲ֣¾ͻˣһ۵ѵ
ƶȥҲһԲ
Ϻ壿ҿǻȥɣǰϾˣһٺȣԶ۶һӣϺۣһǰϾˣƬ֮䣬Ƶ˵ͷϷŭݺݺˡ
ݺݺ˿ҵ˭أԭǰ˵ƻǰϾİɣ
Ѿɽʯ򳤣˺͵սϾϣǶ۹ĲĳΪһССϺԳе𣿡壬˵䣬ĿҲɨһֻۣǵߵŮ֮Ŀмֲ죬ȻǱŮòˡ
ݺݺ˴˻֮üŭϾѵֹǱɱϺˣʹǰʢͳ˧ϺҲԲŹƣ
˫еһ˽ɫǹ˵ĵҪ밲ϾˣǾеĳǹ𲻴Ӧ
㣿ݺݺû뵽ʢȻΪ˱ƣĺϺҪ֪ʢҲֻһʵһռʮĹȣ
Ϻ˵Ҳ׷üͷղ˵λԲȴһ˾ͽң˵ɱƣ˳㽫Ůץߣ
Ϻ˿ݺݺݺݺ΢΢˵ͷĽұֶСģɱ
λĽҵĴԲ߿յİ˹ȥָ֮ϳɫצֻͰš
΢΢ˣǹǰ̣նǹצײһɢ𻨡
ͬʱݺݺҲһ壬һɫֱƶȥ
δɻȴ˲ʧһ̣ݺݺĲӰֳֹͣΣֻ𾪵ǣԼĲȻɻֿסˡ
ʣµһЩϺȫͣȻĶźɻ
ɻ΢΢һһɻ˳ݺݺ
ݺݺһҽд˲ͻ˻ˡ
ʧݺݺȴѾ
ôˣûǰһУһԲôĸɱˣ
Լû뵽Сǿ˾磬ֱ˲ơ
ںͰ򶷵ĽҾһ
˻𾪵Ķźɻ
񣡡ϺеһСԲһٵ䡣
ܣɻһ˫ܵСԲ񣬲ιԷĺ󱳾ȼ˿ֲĻ棬һҽУգ۵ĹͻһƳ̡
˵ŷӦŵǲΡΡĿ֮Ǿ塣
ߵĽҼһĻҲͣΣֵĿźɻ㣿ʲôˣ
ʲôʸ֪˭ɻ˫˻̬Ĺâ
ĽһȻ֪ԣԼȻѾһȻЩûпȴһϢĸоǿֲ¶ʹƤѸٱýָûаá
Ϻмλ񣿡ƿһ
Ϻһλ㣿ңϺһŹģ
λ˼
˵Ϻֻһλ񣬾δ󹫵游еİӦһ


683 
Ƴ˳Էֻǵһʵҿʲô⣬һ
һɻסĴԲĽҾһҽУɻҽ
˵ȼһĻҲѾˣ׷׽գƵǰģǶƵģ
ƵģǺǺǣ˵ԸңЦһ
ˣʮû뵽ƾȻ˵ĻȫɵסˣֻǴģûҪͶƣϺԲŹԼ
ǲԸ⣿˫ɱ¶
ɻҲȻƵߣ˫вϵ˸ŻͼΡ
Щ˼һĻ֪Ӧǿ϶·һӦ֮󣬻лȥߣ׷׵˵ͷ
һһӣʹʶȫǣһֿ
ৡ
ʮȫʧʮλСԲ񣬶ɹԺɵǿԵġ
һĻüͷ壬Ѿ³ӦпռһǿװĿռȻ࣬ȴҲУٰʢһҲͨ޵ĵط
лæԺ밲չˣƿĹ˹֡
Ƥһ£֪ڷԼĿηɨһۺɻæȭ񣬿ʵ֪λǰǣ
ǺǣǼŮЦ
һôҲһλһ񾳽Ů
ɻƺ˰̫ţһЩŭĵһۣתƵߣסƵһֻ첲
޻˵ˣ񺰵ˣǿ϶ûˡ
Աɣһʱһ뿪ɽʯ򣡡˵ţźɻתݡ
򳤡ˣܲĵּˡˡ֣ȫǿںɻķϣԲ𣬾Բܶ˿
Ťͷ˶Էһۣ֪㻹ʲôʢӦýʲôʱŮӴɣ
ǵģ򳤴ˣ̬ǹ
Ը߰ʢ˵ҼȻӦ赣ʲôȻɲҪǴӦҵʯ
ǣ˵ͷ˳Ժ䡣

ԺзһУЩע˵ȶǾ㵣˭Ҳ벻һλиŮļһȻ򳤣ǲǳԴҩˡ
ȴϢɢ˳ȥ
ɽʯӶŽС棬һƬŶԺׯ԰ۼٶˣɫΪصڴ룬˫ȭգָ׼
Ѿ֪ݺݺϺڶϢˣȻǼȺп־壬ԭΪԼ߲ˣǸһԼ鷳ǵãȴˡ
ģŽŵľͷ
ȴ֪һô죬Ϻ֪Լһ񣬲һԼĽһԲ䣬Լ䲻³
ô죿ô죿н֣ȴʼ²˾ĽݺݺϢؼ塣
˺һ
žѣ˭
ˣ˵룬㿴
һһ͡
ҲȥҲȥһֱӾ˳ȥʹԼ
ոճţɵˣΪѾۼˣЩȫλ񣬸ףóǹжӣޱĶ
Ϊ֮ˣһȽˣһϺҼ룬һ£Ҽ˵ҪϺӶһ
ɵˣηĲǰЩȾ˸ˣǸͷųŮӡ
վǵ˵ͷЩ׾ʿĻ֮£ܿ򳤴Ժ֮ڡ
ſʵĸϾҲλֻϧɳľʿͲǣһ۶ûС
ͻȻֵλλҲüҲƵİаɻ
ơУɻȴվߣ˿ڲޱĶ
ΡΡηĿźɻվ˫ϥڵأˣ
Цһз
ƴˣ
֪Ϊ𣿡Ʒһ
͵ҡҡͷ
һ£ֵǮ
һ㶣δ
˵ϺԸöƷʯȥ
˵Ըü彫ȥһϲ
Ƶ˵ͷ
˴ҼǮ
࣬ʮƷʯͿˣ
ʮ򣿡˿ĭ
ôѵټĹʮƷʯûУҲû̫ôˣƿŵ
ˣҲǷˣҵļ岻ˣ˿Խ۸񽵵һЩһǧлĿƣĿƺԸΪ֮һеӡ


684 ͳ˧
ߣûʸ̸ھ崫ѶǣȥʮƷʯҲ⽫ȫɱɽʯϺӶ
գȻһ˵˵ҽ㻹û
΢΢ͷ
ݺݺȷʵûʱɻɱݺݺʱ򣬱͵͵֪˿ռˣʱȻˣȴҲס
ããΪھʹѶ·ץסʲôĶæһŴѶ飬ƵҪ͸˼壬ֻҪݺݺ֪ԼлȥĿܣڼԸԸʮƷʯɾͲˡ
ˣע
˵ͷ
ȴּ䣬ɹ
С䣬ĴҪϺӲһЩǡ
ǳ綼ǻģ⼸գҲ˵˵ģЦ


ڶɽʯϷѾһǰʢΪѾѶ⼸ŮѾҵ
һҲʶȻҲΪƿµĺڶ
ƳӭӣʢѾһ˵ϰʯôҶˣ
ϰʯǰϾвĴӣߴһװһСԲ񣬳ŴɤЦ˵ʢֿǴλ˲Ůӣո֣֪ʢֿ͸
ʢüͷаˣͲǳ峿ϰʯԭ򣬰ϾһǶϰʯвһ۹ȴͬĵ۹
ʢ׼ϰʯȻסͳ˧ҲסڻûǰʢҲ˵׼
ǿЦգʢЦˣҵĵ̣ҿǷǳӭģֻϧҲ˻ӭ㣬ǿɲ˵㣡
ֻҪʢûУߣǻһλ׼򳤣ǺηӢۣ
ϰʯ˵Ц䣬ѾڰʢһͬլԺǰаϾĸλأһʢˣæһ񣺡ͳ˧
񣬴ȥͨһʢ˵
ˣոֽʵǶԲס˵Ƶ
ʢϰʯһɴźɻԼſڡ
λǣƿϰʯɻ
ҽһ£ҽϰʯǰϾвͳ˧صݷϵܣϰʯ·죬ȻûһļӣֱӾƳֵ
ԭϰͳ˧ʧԶӭʧԶӭλ룡

һλͳ˧ȻûȻûλǽλøƣǵĿȴ´źɻǲǵĴɻ
ϵܣλѵֶŮϰʯźɻɻ
ǺǺǣͳ˧Цˣɻλͳ˧ˣߵĺɻ˵
ɻæ̤ǰ΢΢Ƿɻλͳ˧
ǺǺǣ񣡡ϰʯͰʢҳܺɻһͬʱվ
ΪǸ͸ɻľΪһǶ͸ˣȻͻΪɻľԽ߱Լߡ
ϵܣɲ԰˵أûи˵㻹ôһŮ㰡㣿ʢʵǸ㲻ͻȻֵƵʲô˼ôһŮõߵŮȻһֱˣĸоûƵϸ֮ǰȴֲҷ𣬾ƺࡣ
ǺǺǡ˧ɱϾزģ˧֣ûн
ʢֳ˳⣬˵֪˿ںδ
ȥǵЩˣӦúܿͻᵽ
ŶϰʯҲһϲĿԴ

ûйãѾһȺ绨񣬳˱˿⣬̡ݡ橣ŮҲ򳤵լԺ֮ڡ
ǵĵȻҲ˺䶯ȴû˸̤լԺ벽ΪǶǳλѵһͳ˧ССլԺ֮ڡ
Ṳ֮̊ϰʯͰʢȫվȵĴãֽĿƵϣϵܣ⣿ǶѾ˷򣿡
Ƶ˵ͷ
˲ã˲ãϵܣʵ㣬治֪ҵô绨죬˵˸ߵ츳ûǵ츳Ҳ޼֮ϰʯЦ
ǲ֪λԸԸ֧ǵУƽ΢Ц
ʢüͷƺµƵĻеĺ⣬뵽ļŻȻԼƺмˣƵȦףΪôţڰװ˷Ʒʯ


685 
ʢԼǽͱ˿˰϶ʵȴ޷ƶŮӻƣƼʯĺôȻˣԼͷ·Լñ˴򣬻˵ллһ
ɫһʢѿĶƣ򳤣֪ϴδӦҵɻ
ģһ͵˿ﵽ񾳽磬κεľ񣬾ܴѶɣǾԲܾģϴЦ
ʢգˬŻһЩ
ֵܣҲΣ˵ոÿǧƷʯǷˣϰʯǸϴ֣ȴǳϸ壬ֱӽֻ˺ɻ֪֮νĹֱЦӻãΪôһΪŮӣѵһ˵İȫ
ԣ֪ƵĿģ϶ǴЩŮӣύ񼶱ˡ
ƴĿϰʯλǸˣȭЦǾٺòˣ
ǺǺǡããϰʯ˿ŮӣЦҽһ£ǰвͳ˧ϰʯҲǴĴ󹫣ǼΪã
ãգգۣǳԤϡ
ŮҲˣʢͬ¶ɫ
ǲŮشϰʯٴο˵ôæϾʹʯ࣬ÿ͸һЩϣǱ٣ҲǼ񣡡
˵䣬Ȼ˼ռָȵݸ
üͷһ壬ƣûнӡ
ȴ˰ʢֳϰʯ
ϰʯԼȴʢЦ֪λģҲ㶫ˣϸӦòɣô˵ǿɶǵ۹һˣ
ʢһϰʯϺ꣬Ӧ϶ƺﲻǴӦҲףϺ׽һԺԼ˶ԸǾͲˡ
ת˲Цкβɣҿ˼λȻ㶼ˣҲϼλΪãôֵܣ㲻᲻ͬɣ
һЦкβɣλϸҳԾСҿԺֵƣСΪλΪһߵĹﲻǵĵ𣿵Ȼɻɲ㣬ҵĹŮ
ãֵܲģϸҴΪֵܣôϰʯЦһ˵
ʢȴüͷΪأͺ۹ˣϰʯݼֱǲܵ飬ݣȻܳԿҪϰʯˣѾߵŮӼհ˵ƵŮˡ
ʢ粻ϰʯŭһʢʲôװ⣬Һֵܽݣϣȳȥǽݹٽ٣
㲻Ҫҽݣ
˭ҪݣΪ˭ϰʯӾߣߣ
ʢŭϰʯƾʲôߣҪҲҶ·ĵ̣ңֵģҿɲĳЩˣԵ
ٺ٣ֵܵţбһȥ·ĵ̣ҷ𣿡
õõáƼæ˫֣˶˵룬˵λλ֪ʲô˼ǶҵĿˣ˭ﲻ𣬲أҼȻǰϾǾһˣһħɽ޳ˣҲһҪɱħޣ
໥ĵ˶Էһۣϡ
λɿƣݵ飬ˣû뵽λ֮仹һЩ٣ǾȻһȻˣվüģҲôܲܺϵ򣬼ʹݣҲһջ
ϵܣɲˣҿǱһٸݵģҲͰʢ֮飬϶ˣûϵϰʯǴ˵
ʢѻ𣬾ͺԼò׼һȴֱһƽһ㣬ܲζҲһЩΪƼȻԼŮ򵽰϶ǾʹѾͶԼȴҪϰʯΪֵܵҪһֱѡ
ڰʢΪߣȴû뷨ֻϰʯЦϰˣֵܵѡ
ʢľǣȻ˵ƿЦ
ɣղϰʯҲңռָʮƷʯ͸λԺҴǵԼöԴֵ֪ܺͼλɷӦ˵䣬ʢ͵˼ռָվȵ˿İݡ
ݿơ
õģôưһȴʮֵ⣬û뵽ʯô׵֣вӦĵԼ֮ǰ˵ŮˣֺγǴ飬ĹעҲֻˣܸΪݵ̤ϲ㣬е׬


686 Ϻ
ȻһЩԼŮ˵飬ǾԲģٲãɹˡ
Ҳ֪ԼһЩƭЩ񣬿˭ǲǴأ
վƴЦһݣǾͽ°ɣԺҲͶһ֣Ҳݣûʲô˵ģ
ֵܣģҲǰͰʢʲôϵɲܲңý϶ˣʮƷʯҲҪ£ϰʯ˵ţҲŮÿ˷һռָȻҲûɻһ
ʢѾŮÿһȴԼѺɻˣɻȻԼͬӦþˣһϰʯˣٴΰһæֵһռָЦǺǵĵݸ˺ɻ
ɻչ˵Ц۽ëϵһˣæָϣƵĸ첲Ц㿴ÿ𣿡
ÿÿû뵽׬Ǯף벻ʢϰʯȻŸԼʯ
ʵ֪ƸϰʯͰʢ𺳵жһţ˸ŮˣȻȫǸģỹкɻѾΪŮˡ
ңǸǵõϢϺ˾򳤵ʱ򣬿ʹó˷Ȼʱû˿ʲô򣬿ȴܿ϶ҲһǸͨ׼
ʮˣŸ׼һһȺˣʹκһ۹ܵ߹Ĵκһ佻á
ųû׼£ʮȫﵽ񾳽ĻҲֻЩӵДĵ۹֮ˣһСǼֱԲô򵥡
ң˭֪߻ûˣƵ϶ǻеġ
˭˴ֱʣ綼ɽب
ԣ֮УλѾƵݼߵˣһǶﲻ
ƣȻǳ˷ܣԼôʯһӴλܲˣվȽӦò⣬ֻҪЩӵи߼ДĴС
λ˵ЦʱȴомӴʶɨӶʶѹҲԽԽǿȻЩӦԽԽ
ϰʯͰʢҲоһ㣬׷üͷֻϰʯٺһ˭ôĵӣȻĿŵʶ̽飿
ʢƳϰʯһۣƺ˵ΪʲôˣʱҲһ
ȴ˵ֵ赣ģҶĵ̣ҴֵܳȥһЩʲôˣ
ǺǺǣͰˣҲȥ
ϵܣ㣡ϰʯҲվ
Ƶ˵ͷһͬ뿪ɻȴƵߡ
߿գ¿ȥٿƬ֮䣬Ѿ˲ˣӴʶһԼԼܼı֣ʹССλһûգǲܷеģֻǱɻš
ģʲôʱоֱӹʶҿǻҲ˴󵨵ʶưһ
ˣϵļһһͷëͷ׷ƤܺΣҶӡ
ȻѾ֪ԷĵȴȫȻ⣬׷׽Ŀ˰ʢϰʯϣգ˶мơ
˵һ۰׷߱㿪һƣ
Ƶ˵ͷ
ͯŮںδ˫Ŀһһƻļһ
ݺݺ游֪Ϊ˭ˣȻϺڣμ游ϺҲϺĿߣϺһֽģֻȻ֪Էȴ֪ʲô
ץϺĺ󱲵Ǻ⣿ʢϰʯĳǵ˼ѵǿϺ۸ɣϺһƺλһͰƵ˵Ĵˣ֮ǰΪǶ˵ָʹ
ϰʯ֪巢飬ʢȴ˵һЩʱƺҲ֪ԼǱҪվһˣ֮ǰѵʯڴˮƯȴҲϺëˣЦϺ󹫣ˣ鲢ָʹ֮ӦЩɣȻǻΣֵܣ⵽ôһ£
ȴһЦϺʯ𣿡
Ϻ˫һһССλ񣬾ȻĸҶԱƣʵڲ֪ʲô˸˴ĵӣλ㵱£
ʢһϺ󹫣ƿɽʯ򳤣Ҳҵˣ
ãҾ㲻ϣȻˣǾ˿ͯŮˣϺƵĿҲʮɱ
ʢɫӵĿơ


687 
ȴ⣺Ϻ󹫣ΪҾ۸ɣŮһֱͼɱңûɱǣѾԵˣôǴߣҵδ棿˵Ļ˵ԺЩèģ鷳ѵҲǷ˲ɣ
ʲôڱ󹫵ǰȻ̸棿ϺмĿٴαʢ⻰ˣÿ
󵨣϶ʲôʸҸ˵ɻƵı۰򣬴̤ǰŭϺ
Ϻһƺע⵽ɻֵǣԼ͸ɻΪбһѵŮҵΪߣ
һ룬⼸ˣΪɻղѾ˵ˣĸף׶ֻλŮжߵΪ
ԣܿϺͻָ򶨣ŭСޣ
ɻûлش𣬶ǿơ
΢΢ͷУƣ
ɻ΢΢ͷƷ˷ϣȴٴڿգĿٴγϺ̤ǰϺȻڽɫĻ棬¸ǳһ޴źɻǾŮһ㣬һָϺ϶Ҿ游ʰ㣡
ౡ
һƿ֣ɻĻ䣬ʹָ̧һɫĹâֱϺ
ϺˣͷһݣȴҲû˿η壬һΣһţһɫĽâӿٶ˿ںɻ
ײһ죬ײȴʹһһһɢȥһ˲˷Բ򣬲ɿٵɢš
͵Сģʢæ׹Ҳڷϣͷųһɫ֣˲󣬼ԲСȫǣγһĤֹ˸߿еµĳ
ҲΪˣȥСһѣսܻһС
һգһһӿѾϺͺɻӰˣѾХĽɫ֡
ǺХǷ磬ϺɫȻǺɻġ
ɻн壬ηܵķ֮򣬷ϺԽԽľԭΪû¶ȵĽ𣬴ʱȴֲ˹޷ֻܲϵͷų֮뵽ĵУΧźɻΧֻĹӰ첻ɻзȫɻܵ赲
ɻһֱǷأΪûдܣֻǱܵĹͷأŴţʹҲͬϺһȻʧ˻֮С
ɫƣż粻ϵƶĺХʹ·ս˵Ҳһľ
ƿ׵ĸоսһΪͺɻΪƵˡ

ɽ絹Ľ½ĵشϿգ걻ƣ˸֪ľλãɽһƽԭƽԭ಻ĸߴ¥̻Ի͡
Ƭ֮£һֱǧľ޴ǳأΪǣ಻ɽǳصģȻΪĴֻûֻһ޴ܰˡ
ܣҲһСĸֱۡǹ׸׸
ʱ׵ĸ֮ۡУһɫȸϼµŮӣһλɫƹ۵ŮڸеСϡ
ڴ˵ĻһϳŮһʽȸһŮĳȴһģһҲıȸ
ֻȸ˵㣬˵ΪҲҴѶ
ôôת˵Ѿﵽλ񾳽磬ȴûһǰ䣡ȸϴ΢Ц
ǵȻҪȻΪ
̫ʹˣҲܿǵģĵȰɣ
ֻǣȸո˵꣬ȴȻкɫĻһüаѵˣΪҸо֮еĻ棿Ǹ𣿡
ȸƺҲͬɻȸһۣϲһûܽĻ
ڱȸ򱱿ȥҲ
㣬ȥȸһЩ
ѽϲǸתˣڲλҪԽôԶľ룬ҲôףɣҲû£һȥһˣȸЦ
ģͲ״ˡȸЩƤգգۣû˵ȥ
ȸЦһ̧ͷ죬ĿȻΪɽ
Ȼˣǽþһȥ˵أǴѶ˵ˣѾںϷ˲лˣҪ˶ãҲܸأ
ȸգһ˫Ҷü΢΢һûȴſȸֱӴӸۡڷɶȥ


688 ɱӺ
ɽʯϿգӿպȻֿһľ˺һ͸ķˣÿһǧ׸߶ȡ
Ӵѹʹ·ƣʹһĤɿԸоЩϢɵðһ𣿡
˵̬Ǻɻ棬ֻޱȵͻȻһյƣϵĽϼ䣬ܿâάɵˮ˲ͽϺɵķ˸
𣡡˫ȭգһŭ˫ͼϼάܼŰУͼͷųϼնϡ
ȴ͹Ƶϼ֮п̺𣬷ֱ֮ӱ顣
һĻϺԼ⣬ü֮УһնϹ˿һ֮䣬͵˺ɻǰͼɻһ

һƬҶƾճ˺ɻǰֵһ
ȴֻ΢΢һ٣㽫ɻٴνӽɻ
ɻңǰϵĸֳƬƬ꣬նƾճ˽ɫĺɻһƬƬɫѩƮƮ
·˼ˣ޲𾪣˭Ҳ벻ɻȻŪһĻƫƫ꣬ҲйɵƮģһΧźɻһȴΧϺܣȻ󻯳һ޴ĺɻɵķ˵Ϻ͸
ಣɻƣɢĹϼɳ©еɳ֮أټϺһ֮ͬȥ
ϺƺԤеΣһУ֮еκȻը䣡
֮ѣɷһӹ˿ٵԶֱʮ֮⣬Ϻڻָ˱ĿɫηĶźɻ
й˿ͻû֮ڣɻǧȴϵգĶϺָһ㣬һֶȥǧ֮һηѳ˿ռݰգϺѹ˹ȥ
ϺɫأλһĲӰŭȵ㵽ʲôˣ֮Ůɱ㣬Ҳɱң
ɻüͷȻ٣ĹζֻܴӲӰдȴ޷׽Ϻı壬ָ˿·ƣɻ¶ĿҲ𻰣·ơ
΢΢ͷʢ˵㽫ִˣϺҲȥˣ
ʢһ֣ʧ
ƳԶȵϺʯɴ
Ϻ˫ɱȴҲ֪ͺɻȥκνǣõĴ󹫽ܾԼԺ϶ᱻ˳Цֻһﲻ
ϺʵӦÿˣϴϺе׷ɱңֻһζĶܣΪҲ鷳ңһֱûɱֱϵɱӶŵļٸˣҲǱΣǵʵ˵һӶţʮϺӶҲˣһΣҶ㵽ɽʯ򣬿ݺݺɲŹң׷ҵļңôٴ˵
Ϻһüͷ΢չƺԸԼľҲ˵һЩưԹˣԲôɱһˣҲ벻߾ȻҲ񣬲ս˿
ô˵ͽ⣿Ϻɭһ
ͽ⣬Ϊһ˷ѿˮǾ仰ֻҪ㽻һƷʯ֮һʹ
һ㣿ϺһӵɵԲ֮ǰѶûҪô࣡
Բ𣬸ղŵĻѾˣʱֱӵǸĻȻᰴ֮ǰˣ㲻Լ򣬲ʱҪˣ۸񻹻ߣҵ𸴣ʱֻһ죬֮ǰòһƷʯĻԲͯŮҲûҪˣޱ˵
ˣЩôĴ塢󹫹۵ĲƸԼӴӰʢϰʯϾѾˣԼüʯܶ࣬ڶ˵ʮƷʯҲʲôҲô׵͸Լ
Ҫ̫Ȼ֪˭һ룬һƷʯõûϺɴʮв
ߺȣ˵϶㻹ǲûиң㣬ǱˣǣҵĻҲɱ䣡һ֣ͽ˳ʱȫϸ˿ĺ󾱣ָһ
ء
ͷء
Ҳ֮Ѫꡣ
㣿Ϻһ˭֪ϺǸΪƻļһȴҲΪ̣Լĺ󱲷ǳ簮һɱ׷Ȼէ𣬺ôأ˫죬ݺݵصơ
ʢϰʯҲû뵽˵ɱɱһ㶡
689 
ͿϺŹԼϹֱ˵һЩνײĲᡣ
ȻڽϺıĿ
ֻǲϺٴεݺݺǴԲ񣬵ʱݺݺȴϸ˿ꡣ
ݺݺĿ¶ݺݺĺ˵Ϻ꣬Ҳɱһˣδ񣬺ٺ١
ϺˣһҪ
ʲôûƲŶٴһ
Ϻеɫһƣ㲻Ҫ̫
գɫŭϺ꣬Ҳģʲô̫ǹʼնϺɱ˶ᱦ飬Ŀãʹ֮λʱǸʲôģڴħҽϺ꣬Ų´Ұߵġëεһʣ㵱¼ҹˣҿ㻹ôƺԼϺ壡
ƺȻ쭣Ϻ侲ĿηĿ˿ɻ֪˵Ĳ٣һļ屻һһֱţԺʲôøˡ
һʯһ㶼ҷŹŮˣʵ㣬ҾвˣôҧҰһЩʵҲȷʵʮŭ
úúáҸ㣬һʯھ͸㣡Ϻںݺݵĵ˵ͷһ֣һӣȻ˹ȥ
δһѾôӽ˹ȥȻ󽫽ָƵǰƽӹһȻ٣һƷʯ
һĻƸȷԼĲ²⣬ˣǴ΢΢˵ͷһݺݺ˳ȥһ˦ݺݺϺ
ϺæݺݺڻУһݺݺ
ݺݺûϺһݺݺĺ󱳣һɴݺݺڡ
Ƭ֮ݺݺһϺͿ޿ˣڣ
ޣޣϺĿĶƣȴҲݺݺڻĺ󱳡
Ȼݺݺ뵽ʲôһŤͷݶĶƣڣɱˣߵǸŮˣɱϺĺöˣ
գͬ޵֪ˣӾͽȼ顢ɱ㻹Ӳ
Ϻûг֣ƣأ
ƵǻʮλСԲһЦҪҽǣǾٳʶʮһٵĶ㣡
㣿Ϻʱˡ
ڣּۻֱۣɱ˾ǣݺݺɿš
ϺشƺȻӣץ㣬ӷΪԺȥǧ
ȻƵһݺݺȻסˣŭĶƣɱ˵Ļǧٻˡ
ãҸ㣡ϺݺݵҧҧݣٴӸһӡ
Ƶǹƽץס˶ˣʶȻһ١
Ϻӻɣƽۣͯϣ´ζƽռָ֮ϺЦ
ϺһۣĺûѪ´κҺĸ
ϰʯͰʢЦ˳Ƹ࿴ǶóϺϺˡ
ߣϺֺݺݵƺͺɻһۣһ֣ص˹ס֮Զɶȥ
ֱʧӰǣźɻһͬ·ŮҲЦĿơ
ƣǰǸϺˣԺҪСһ㣡ʢƵļ
ôǺѵ񣿡Ʒʵ
ûУϺǮ֪Ϻôҵģʢ
ҡҡͷ
ӦòǱ˰ɣһϰʯˡ
ͺ˵ҲǱˣЩһֱĴεǽ磡
Ͳ㣬ϺǱĴ˼ҿԻǮ鷳磬ֻҪǮûɱ˵ˣˣﵽӶţʮϣųӶŶв٣ʢ͵һЩӶţҰϾҲСӣÿһ޳ʱҪǵ
ϺǮƵɴ۾
ϺĲƸڱǰ壬úõһɣ
˵ʯ˼˵ʲôһ֪ˣҾͶҪһЩˣ
ϵܣ첻µز£ʢƵļ򣺡ҲգϸӦòôɵˣԼаվУڿ˵ãҵЩãҪãҪȻϸҸ㷭ȻȥҰ϶ܲĻҿ㱣֤û˸˺ǣô
ϰʯһæϵܣвҲʱӭ㣡
ٺ٣λϸ磬ллʱȻϺ壬ԼһԱģһȥ־ƺȣЦ
ȻˣҲͲǿˣҸǣӱأʢƱ˱ȭȻڿնȥ


690 ʯ
ֱʢ뿪ϰʯſ˵ϵܣϸһ£ﲻȫҲȥеĻԵȥÿ˸ʹϺǮҲû˸ڹɱˣҵƣһҶڹвҺٴֻǳղѲ飡
ƽӹϰʯݸԼƣͨɫͷ·𴿽죬Ȼ֪ʲôƣڱӦñȽһЩȭ˵ллˣ
ϸҲͣˣλãһʲôΣգ˱ҵţˣϰʯҲȥˡ
ӹеƣһ֣Ҳһɫ鶼Σֻϰʯһɫʯͷͼóɫȴɽʯ⼸֡
ƣʵ
ţûг֮ǰϾеתģ˵
Ƶ˵ͷӹֱ֮˿ռ棬һ֣Ƚݣ沼һС󷨣Ǹ۵̽ǣ
һΣֱʯһɼ󷨣ʹԺŨж
о֮ŮһҸ֮ңȡռָʯ˳
ʯʯѻһʮɫɽʹŮһĿѣԡ
̸ǿŵȥۡԺǾʯˣһǵһμʯأ
Ҷ쿴ʯǲǿЩƴߴٵ
ȴҡҡͷûʲôõģĶɷʯһôûУӦеã
ûãɣüͷ
ʵҸ֮棬ͷų㹻ˣ͵
ǾˣЩʯһôɻɣԺúɻΪǴһλܴ

˵ţƺȻоĸȻԺеĵصȻ̽ʯ
һĻʱƵ˺ǶȻʯеյԽԽ졣
һһ֣ʹʯջʮƷʯʣµʯȴĸȫȻ˵صס
ģȻʯһЩˣһ˸С«ͱ˹ԺϷ
˵Ʒʯ˸С«ƺֳһЩҲǺԣ֮ǰֻĴָСڲĴָСˣ֪ʯе꣬С«Ҳûг̫
ǻȱǮиʯӦûԽԽģƿ̾
С䣬ʲô«Ůɻ̧ͷš
ʲôҲ˵ȻԣǴмȴûпֻҡͷҾﾲްɣһʱҴȥɹѧϰѧϰôҶﵽ˼ˣȴûʯʯҲûãԺΪͻˣҪһЩҩǳҲҸ֮࿪һЩֲԺǶռһЩɲҩȻӦҲЩ
ô죿򳤣һ˶ڵأױȽϹ顣
ʲô£򳤾ӣ˵ˣƺİ˰֡
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ҳȥɣҲôɻһôʵ
Ƴ˼Ƭ̣˵ͷֻ֪ҪںϷˣΪҲȽϿ죬ǲҪ뿪ɻȥչ˺ĸףһʲô飬ֱӶ棬ɶ
ͷİɣһչ˺׵ģɻû˵һ仰϶Ҫһ
Ʋ˵ʲôɻֱӾ˳ȥ
С䣬Һһȥɹɣ˿һЩڴĿơ
΢΢ͷֿ˿ŮҾޣ֮ǣʱһѧϰƿܣ
Ůͷ
ƴű˿һɹ棬ֱӾͳ鷿ǰ̤鷿֮鷿¥Ǹ϶ͼеŮӱ˻һƵǰ
һĻѱ˿һ𾪵Ķ϶
ˣôˣ𣿡϶ɴߡչţҲżֵԹ
һЩæЦһЩΣ鷳һ£ܲܽ鷿Щ󡢵ŵҸҿһ£
϶ٴԹĵһۣѾ֪ƱȽļŤͬһ㣬¥ȥ
һᣬоһѵ򣬷ϣЩǣϢȽ϶࣬ʹڳˣҲ޷쿴꣡
ûϵϵץסһ򣬿ʼ̽ʶһӴϢƵԺпӿ
Щ֪ʶɽеɵ۵ʱѾѧϰ࣬תͨ¼ڶѾ֮


691 Ƶļƻ
󡢵ɲҩ֪ʶԼ֮ȫ֣иͼƬǷ˵ĻҪЩһܣȴֱʹʶɨ裬Щ֪ʶȫ洢ԺУõŵʱ򣬱ֱӵ
Ȼɵƿһаһ
ɵǶܳԵģҲеĴڣ԰壬Ϊˣﵽλ񾳽硣
ߣ˫޵Ů⣬ʮŮӣǶûдﵽλ񾳽ģǸ߼ߴڡ
ɵҲͳ˹ؼ֮
⻹ԭʼ𵤣ͻƵ޽ɾ磬൱λ
鵤˼ʱ䣬ڻ۸

ƳЩӴ֪ʶϵ֮У˵ɹ鷿Ķ漰ɽϵκβ棬ɽ⣬ҲλãûɵۣǾͲ֪ôࡣ
ԭɽĿռǸĸƿأ൱Ŀռ֮񣬹ֲҪĸɽռ൱񾳽ľɣҪĸ֣ƿһɽ򰵵š

ʱۣ鷿иоʱʧڹۿе֪ʶʱ򣬱˿ҲѾ뿪鷿ɹš
ת۾ǽʮʱ䣬һգƺȻһ˫ʶӦܣ˿ڻʹĻ԰档
ʹЩݲݣȻɼҩԭͽЩ׼ˣͷϲ
ٴɨɹеľʱȻһϲΪռĸ־൱˯˾ͷƺרΪ׼һ㡣
ƴЦһֱӾŲƵ
ʱѾӾѣҺİڰ֮ǰѾͻˣѾﵽλľ硣
˵ʱ򣬷ֺɻҲڴ˵أڸѧϰλܣһ㶣ɻôˣأ
飬㲻˵Ҹѧϰôƿǰʵģÿ춼˵ͨˣƿؼ򵥣㿴
ɻ˵ţƾһܾʿ˫̽ӿ֮ܰǿѸٵĻһҺ壬ɻ˫ֽӡȻͶһƷʯ
̶̵ӣΣȴ֮˫أţȻλ񾳽硣
Ƽˣܲϲ
佱ɻ㹪˵ˣСҼ츳ˣǽȣҲ˶٣ֻѧϰգѾԽң
һЦ㲻٣ɻİ¯Ȼ츳ɻλܵսܲٴһЩ
ԣλ԰װ˿Ʒʯ൱λ˼磬ǿܣֻҪɣսѾ൱λżˣֻҪСԲڻ
ʯеô죿
˾ҪٴʯսҲͻή͵򾳽磬һҲ鷳Ҫܲøʯһֱսȥͺˣ
ûԾ󣿡Ʒʵ
㲻㽫ЩܶɣɲףģʱյҲ࣬ʯĻҪٻָ۷徳磬ƾҪʮ꣡ɻȻ뵽˼λĸеСľż
Ҳ֪룬ЩܵսȽǿǵƾһ㣬ԼǶ޷ɳġ
ǾͰװ˿飬˿ʯӦҲǼһսˣˣɻоӵʮλ۷Ŀܣܲս
ƾǲеģһ˾ܽʮܣɻ˵
ƷԼ֮ǰ뷨һЩ棺ô
ǵȻͨ򣬲ҿɷУһȥʮܶмܣ
ô죿ܴܲսĿܣȻʵ
ɻŭŬ죬Сüͷſ˵ʵҲѣ
ģƲ
ʵЩǿںϵģһںһ𣬼ʹͨ򣬵ƾͷųӦҲһƴֻҪսʤҲôףҪһĽ󷨣֮ǰһɵľ콣󣬾콣Ӧǽɼҵĵķһɹһս֮ˣ
ƳĬȴ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ֪Сʹ֣֮൱ڷеĴεȷ򡢸߼ȡ
ɼ̺֡󷨣ӦԶԿķ
ԺǾһ콣¶ġ


692 
ĽĻʮҪеľƳʮǵսﵽĴԲ磬ʮϽӦÿԶԸһλ񣡡ɻ˼֮󣬿˵
һʮܲƳʮԲܶԸһҲ̫˷ˡ
Ҳãʮȴʮλ۷ĿܾУлдľʱɽĽɻ㣬ӵмƷʯܲⵥĿܣֱСԲߴԲ𣿡
УӦò̫ѣƷʯӦúѵõɣһҪӾ󷨲У
Ҳ֪ƷʯʹҪĶǾȴһЩλܰɣҪһЩ󷨣ԽԽãЩ޷ӣһǿпӣܾͻ̱󷨾ͻʧҴÿȥǮֻʮʯӦù齨һǧ˵λˣ
˵գƾֱӹʮλ뿪ɹ

סլԺ򳤰칫棬뿪լԺ֮󣬾ͷԻλϾλľʿ֮ǰλʿƺѾʢˡ
ʹλҲֻӰˣ˺ɻ֮󣬰ʢͷǳ峿ƸͲԼͼӡ
򳤰칫֮أ൱һС͵á
ʱôÿյģڴúһ鷿ﴦһЩһѾͷվߡ
ƽ̧֮ͷЦˣ
㻹⵱˰һôЦ
㻹˵Ϊ㣿
ǷѾͷ˰֣ʾ뿪
ȷŹ֮ߣֱӾͽ̫ʦ֮ԼĻĹģƺһЩ˱Цҿ㵱򳤺ʣ֪ҾͲȥ̨ˣ
֪ͺãҪٲ׬Ǯ˵ͰˣԹ
ٺ٣ƵֲʵС󣺡ɽʯڻжٴ׬Ǯ𣿡
ɢɢϽʯŲǧƷʯÿһ˰ҲֻٿңָЩҿǶҪȷʵûʲô򳤾Ѿˣ
Ŷ򳤣
򴨺̣ҺǱصĴ󻧣ֻǸӣǿɲҵԴϸһս˭ǿͿģǸոİƷʯ
㻹浱°ǾҸطޣиݾУˣٻһطǰôô·ӵ׬ǮͲòˣ쿪ʼطͲҪˣ򳤾ˣǺҲãҲãǶᣡ
㻹˦ƹ񰡣ˣ˵һ飬һʮ죬нʮλݷǣֻҸھޣлм˵ˣһǺն޷ɡһ˹ˣ
ǣô֪ƺȻλλսʱڵĶˣ޷ӣӣһһҵˣ壬ҲľŴ֮
˿Ҳ߹ƣܳƵϾŴģһӵДļ塣
Д޽ӽҲҪ֡ļ壬λ񶼲֣жλλ߸߼
أɫ
ˣƣһ֣ƣʽͰʢĲֻ࣬һǰɫһǲɫļһͼ
֪ǱǷƴʵ
ӦöǱ𣬺ɻҲǣ
˵޷ɺӦڼеĵλҲǺܸߣҲǣû˵ģ
Ҳʹͬ⣬˵ϵ˶֪ˣΪ峤Ѿ˶ޣҲϢ˳ȥ
ޣһǸԼɹ޵ļһ˫ʱͳɱ˵޵ıҲ֪Ƶ䣿ôô֪ģ
ʵ˺޷˾Ǽڱĸˣ֮ǰҲ֪ǣֻΪ׼Ѿ磬ҲֻǺ֮²ϳǶ޵ıʱӦû֪ҲҪ˶ˣ
΢΢ͷǰǵʱûٸԼϵЩλ֪Ҳ֣һΣȴҲѹͷ˵޷ɺûдӦ㣬Ǳܣ
ǵʱǴӦˣҾѾ޷סˣϾôڹעǣ
˵ǰ׺͹ӦҲѰǣɽʯǴ˶ˣû뵽ոյ㣬͵˼ʵڲУֱȥҿȸȸ׾
׺Ͱ֪֪תˣǰǵʱҲ˶Χɱ˿ҲҪСһЩŤͷĿдżֵ


693 
ǵɫƵĺȻһǲʲôǰģ
˵ͷеķ˲лںϵԽԽˣԡ
㶼ǵʲôƷʵ
ĴУΪʹ޵ǰ׺͹ףڻ׺͹ףû̫ĳޣǣ֧ģǵȴףһԭԾ·ˣȴûг֣
Żײ
˵ͷ
Ȼʧ˵ٱ˿ûԲ飬
Ů񣬾ַͨڸ߼񣬿ДھҺʱҲ֪ģҲԾңһɱ˿֪Լı飬ǰ飬ϣ㲻Ҫ̫⣬ҲҪɱ˫ֻۣҸ𣿡
ֻĬĬĵ˵ͷȴͷƵϡ
ʵҲ˽ĵģ֮Խ˿ҲҪ˫ޣӦҲ뷨Һ֮䣬ûʲô飬ǶﵽԵĿ֮󣬻ͻֱɣҲԴף
ᣬ˭Դˣ㲻ҪŮΪķٸһһ¡
滹ƾϲ
ҳΪϣ֮⣬Ҳں˷Ļе֮Ӧľе֮࣬ͨ˫ޣҲܸ㣡
ģãٺ١ھ͡ƽٺһЦ˫ָ·Ƿѩͦĸоļ¶
ź๫ҪŶ
Ȼ֪ﲻգֱӴŲƵҸ֮ҵĹ
ӵ֮Ѿɬѵˡ
Ǵӽ쿪ʼͲȥˣҴΪķ򣡡ֱӾѹϡ
΢΢ͦҲ˵Ƶľ˺촽
˸УԷ⿪ѡ
ֻоϻһḶ́С΢΢ſ¶ྻıݣƵŪ£ԽԽء
ڽ׵ѩϽǵʱĿ룬΢ˣסƵĺ󱳣๫ھ𣿡
һᣬ໥ĳԷζ
á๫ҪʮŮӶҪ˰ɣǶѾôˣ͹£ǿǶġҲ׽ˣǽ׵ľƵǣҲԽ
Ƕھأʵ㲻֪ǵ˫񹦣ΪԽߣôԽ󡭡ʹ괫ڿһֱûš
š๫ٴβ˫ʹıơ
֪ѾʱˣֱӾ֮̽ڡ
һʱ䷿ϣ˷
ֱ˴ﵽٽ֮󣬲ݡ
һΣƲ֪᲻ΪԼַеԡģȷ򣬾Ǹ߼򣬿ȱ
ʱƵڣһǹ˸ŲͬĹâһͬһ㣬ǹ⣬·һž޴
˵̫꣬ͬ棬һһ죬Уתš
֪ʱ̫ͼȻų˸ΪĹâȻֹɫȴ˲ȫû̫С
̫ۼֹ⻪ԽԽʵģȻĹ顭
ʱبŲĳʧţȻһ죬Ƭǿдž
͸ӣƬУ·ˮ
ǸǶ΢΢ѡ˶ͷһһĹ⻪ʹƬǹҲˡ
Ǻɫ̫ҲķֿĻһһŮΡ
ƺĻǡ
ǳɹˣƸ̾
ţû뵽Ȼ飬С䣬оַܲܿ
ȻԣӾǷ֮ɵģһϣһҷ֣˵ҾЩߵ˵ֻϧʱǻزȥˣ
˵
ţɲֻǵԡƾַ򣬿ȥ»ֻҪǵҾܾȻǣһӣֻܹȻһˣڵΪ̫ˣƸ̾һȴ뵽һ游͸ĸ
𣿡Ҳǳļ
ȻģһַͬˡľˮַһΪβأַֻһֻڵЩڤƿأҲַͨȥͶֻ̥ǰЩ˵ǰˣȻΣһҰٷְٱ֤Ͼһ˵ļ䣬ڲͬʱյģҪżӦ÷ǳѣƿ˵Ҳ˳˼


694 ȸ
뵽ԼԼǲתһûмתֻҪ䲻ָԼԼָˣԼԼ
ںϵķ˲лԽԽ࣬ջ˭ļ֮£ѡ
գƻǽһеɻ󶼶һԣʹһЩ䣬˰ЩԼ֪µϢԼԼҪ仯
ԼַһЩ棬ַûɵ飬ȴγ˵飬ƿԸо̺ķǳӴ
С䣬ʲôΪΪʲôҸоҵΪߣĻѾƵƵĽѾ´齣ʼѡ
ģƸӦ˷֮⣬ûиоԼ̫ǣȴҲܿ϶ʹʹƾԼƿصɱЩ߼λ񣬼ʹԸλҲӦˡ
Ӧŷӵãѵ񣿡ɻ
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ΪѾ˫жȹꡣ
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ƽһԷȻͨĿӾܽԼϡ
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695 
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˲ʵԲ飬׷ͷųҫ۵Ĺâ˲СҲܴﵽǧңȻɷ˵ȸ˹ȥ
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޴Ŀȸɶȥֱǧ֮⣬һѪȸѪա
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ܣһըģ䡭
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ʶУһ̧֣ռֱ֮ȥ紥ǣֱӾͽɻסˣ弸֮󣬱ƴ뻳Уɻ
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һ˿ҲѾλ㻷ƣᣬЩ³ںһ壬ͷųһԲ˲ͻһƬɫɭ֣λ񣬼ͬʱ

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696 һ
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һı䶯Ƶ岼֣ĸҲʩչΪֵķϺǵ쫷磬ҲУˮһ㣬˸գ֮󼪡
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һҽУλ㱻飬ȫգ˷ĩ֡
½ûƵڣȴһ̺ȻС«ֳһЩرһɫ«ѾȭͷСҺͷ΢ĺ⡣
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698 
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̫ͼֿ»ˣ˿ϲĶŴԼƵбĳķ飬ͬԼĺһǣҪĺӸӽܡ
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壬ڹµĺ촽ȥֻо㣻ڹµĴ£Ƣ
ҿ֪ȳһˡ
ɵɵףºȻЦŮƺƵͬʱվ๫źɣ
˵䣬Ѿ⿪Ƶȴƽ·
ģѾŮ˸⣬ŮҲӴ󵨵Ľ⿪Լѡ
ģѩ֬ļƵǰ֮ƲΡΡֱ̧˶ŮǷͦѩϡ
දƬ̣˫ֺƣͽŮ֫סˣȻ󽫶Ů˱ϣſڶŮϣҲϵŶŮ֬
һжŮ飬ʱȻ裬УŮһֱƷʱˣϷŹκһطֻûгͷˡ
ʹˣûоµĶŮƵ˫£۸βȫۺɫˡ
ڣȷϣ˫΢΢ֿܴ֮̽С
֮УһЩüë΢΢ҧ촽һ̣۽Ҹˮ
ղŵ˫ޣƺ޷ͬԼݣԸһ̳棬˫͵رסƵĺ󱳣ƽıסɷͦؼѹƵĻβĸ
Ȼܸܵڹͬķ֮£˼κһ̱ͬϵˮ۸ţ¸ʹࡣ
뾱̷ŮԴӵһۼһ̣ѾҲԴĨȥ޷ϣ޷֮飬ñȻҪʹһ
Ұ㣬ƷĶϣıϵĽš
๫£ȴҲƱĸ


700 ټŮ
Ůɴзֱ֮Ӿֽͬʱ˫޵ľ磬ƿĸоԼڵķ֮ԽԽŨ
̫ͼתţʱţƷ̫Ѿʼۼˣڿռɢķ֮Ҳ̫ƼأγҺ塣
֮Һ̬Ǿ뾧岻Զˡ
һաաա
һ죬̫ͼȻһ̫ͼеһۣȻͬʱ˾壬ͬʯһ㡣
⾧ȴû뿪̫ۣһַȴͬʱɡ
ͷһϲΪ֪ŮΪµڶַˣһַͬǵĴӣڶַȴǵڶӡ
Ů൱Ϊӡ
Ȼϲȴûд˫˳ΪҪȵڶҲɾʯǡ֮ǰֻǡ

ֱһ죬̫еľʯ½̫䣬̫Żֿ
ںһ壬͹ƵԣƵĻУĿΪġӡ
ȻһЦװΪʲô˵ˣ
ԭŮҿЩŮӵҲӦŮ˱ͱ࣬ҪŮӣţԺǶˣǾͰѷĸģˣŮҲʮ˸УΪӣƤЦ
ǣһͷߡ
ô⣿ΪǺᣬʵҲǻŮˣָ̧ܷܷƵ°͡
ҿٻһһ
ûã壡˵Ц䣬ηΪ򸽽ֱǿ
Ϊֱš
Ůժһ㣬ԵķǿץסģǧĴš
˿ˣоռ֮ǿ࣬Ҷһλҵƾռ֮Ӧöһս֮ƿʮֿ϶İš
ʮһԸ㷨ȫȫɷ飬ǻôӦ߼Ҳһս֮˰ɣٴΰͬʱ뵽Ҹ֮еŮ
ŮֻΪһַ򣬰վ飬ÿһŮӦÿΪѩҶʮ˸ŮӣԸԸ˫ޣҲҿ϶ǣŮȴǿǡ
͹¶֮˵׷׷شԣڶŮɬУѣƱ㽫Լ뷨˶Ů
ŮȻûʲô÷ԵģһǳҸ޲ϣƴﵽߵĴڣһ׼ԳԼܲٴΪ
һ̤ͬ䣬֮ϣҸ֮еŮһ˶ŲƵĸ
˿̡ݡ橡ŮԼҶѩΪʮ˸ŮӣɻĶƣ֪ΪνȻǶеһ
һɨÿһŮӣʮŸȻﲻ˻ʵ۵ԺʮȴҲˣֻһ˵ʱ뵽ôŮ飿ʮŮУм˵ģҪҪΪԼ֪ʲôʱȥǵദ
ЩŮӣͬȴŵҵĹԹ޻ڵĸԼһֱߵڣƺǸж
С䣬ʲô飿ǲҪ᣿ɻôûѾɻŮˡ
ɻɵһҽҪ˵һ飡ƵĿ⿴Ҷʮ˸Ůӡ
Ǵ½ʱ͸ҵģ½ٵǣ磬пܣϣԺܴȥʥǣȥǸ֪δɽ磬磡
Ů˫һգһգĿƣ֪Ϊô˵ȻƱȽϿ޲֪Σգ뵱ʮãȴֻʣµЩҲɵðˡ
ҵӣڽǴʱ򣬾˵ǽҵӣҲ֪ǷԸ⣬ҲǿǣΪѾǵˣҲϣһȥЩѾµĽãԺһ취ǸȻܲܳɹҲҿ϶
˵䣬ƾͽڵһķӵģȻգԼǰţ߸Ҳ½֣ΧƵߣ
ЩΪķ飬˫֮󣬲ķ򣬶ǱˣҲ˶֮ǴҲ֪ˣ
ƿһѩѩըգۣʹĿ֪һС
ƵеĸţĿǹºո˫޲ųֵĽᾧͬǷ飬ҽѴżϣͬʱ˫ޣ


701 
ŮƵ˼ɻ󣬲˿ܿվΪҽˡ
ֻǾڴ۷׷׵ʱһӰȻٶĹĵĶƣʲôأΪʲôң
ȸסˣͰѿȸˣҲ˵ûȸ˫ޣΪ֪ȸ϶Ըģ
ֻǿȸһʣһЩûش
ȸɨ˴һۣŮҲ۵С۵Ķ
Ǹʲôأȸٴʵ
ͷ˿˿ȸһ°ɣ
˿˵ͷǣſȸһԣͽ˵飬д˸ȸ
ȸţû¶ʲô飬ֻǾĶߵİ˿ŷ顣
գĿƵϣͬҲڿ
ȸջĿ⣬˿ĺ˫ˣ
˿˵ͷһָ飺ӣǵĽᾧ
ǵĽᾧȸ֮󣬳Ĭˡ
ãҲһǲ֪ƻҶһʲô򣡡ȸƣɫᶨ
ȸý㣬㲻˵ЦӦ֪Ƥҿǻᵱģ
ʲôѵ㻹ң
Ȼţɵ̹κεܣ
ʲôܣȫǣҪôҵһȸһЩɴ
Ƶ˵ͷҲȸҪҵڣ
ҵꣿ񣡡
Ȼû˫޹ҵӦҲɣܷ໥룿
Ӧû⣡ȸ˵գһŲɫԲֱӾͷƵķȥ
ƴ򿪿ռ֮ڣһƵӰǰȸ㣬ҪҵǳתҪֿܵ뵽ҵƬǿ֮УȻ໥ĳ꣬໥룬ʣµ龡ܽҾͿˡ
ΪģҲһȸӰ˵ͷΪûʲôģҲ˵ɬľͽƵסˡ
ҵǿ˶Ʊס˿ȸ꣬ͬסҲ֮Լꡣ
ޱǳת·̺ޱߴ
ȸʱѾвŮӵĻûƵڣ֮ǰǱƵ˷飬Ҳ½ķء
һ
ֱʮС̫
ʮŮӣҲûʧһŮӵĻ˵ǧñһʱҪԼԼ˵˫ޣҪԼԼҲ˫ַϣ˵Լͨ˫ޣõĺôôĿޣǵȴһ˭뽫Ϊ
Ҹ֮Ұˣ̫ͼԽԽڣԽԽ
Ȼ;Ҳô˳Ͼ˭ûʲôСأնѾȫĽͶˣƵ궼ûжκεϰȻܸܵƵĵġ

ΪҸ֮ңɽ֮С
䣬ȥ
һգһʮɵӶųǰӪկɽȿ赲ħ޵ϰ
ֻĸߴų˵ֵǣǾúõϢһҹǾͷɽʯһδμ򳤾һҪ򳤶ʱϺŪٵֵ֤Ժ󶼳
ų˵Ͻ߿ģҪ򳤣Ҫһ˵
ƨ˼ῴɽʯˣ꣬ûһϢҿ˼ӦǴһȺŮȥȥ˰ɣλų̾һ
ϴ̾ʲô
˵һ֮Ե˼ҰæҼҵĵַأ˰ֻϧһ֪ûл
ųǱˣ
ֻĻո˵꣬Ȼͷɽڲһˣŵڶĸ
ʮˣ׷ԳΣΪɵ۵ǣֻһˡ
ȻѾԶˣӶŵȫĿʮŮӵϡ
ƯŮǼеĻ٣ȴûмôƯģһôۼһ
ͻȻֵʮƵˣЩŮӣƿ˴󵨵ǶҵţΪǶΪޣ
Լ֪ԼʲôΪˣʶţռ֮һ˲ܸǷԲֻҪԸ⣬ɿ
ڿռ֮Уʮ˿ŷͬʮ˿һ㣬صĹš
ʮ˿ŷжʮһصķҲ˵õһ棬Ѿȫ߱ˣûһȱ١
⻹û飬һΪʱ䷨һΪĿռ䷨


702 з
߷ƿҪ飬ڵΪٺķѰҲܡ
ȴҲѾܵĽһȫȫ뵽Ŀռ֮ڣʹĿռȹ̣ʱĿҲݣʹû飬ƾַеκһ֣Ҳ㹻Ըһ
ʮŮӣȫﵽľ磬ΪǵڶѾ˷顣ʵЩҲƹͬ˫ģֻһЩظģƲҪԾԼˣǴ˵ȷ
Ů˫鲢û̫ʱ䣬ʣµʱ䣬˫ߵΪ
߸飬橵Ϊ˹Ͱ׼ķһ㣬ıûг׸
˿ҲˣΪȻΪ˺ͷܷ
Ϊֲ񼶱ĿȸֻΪĿռ䷨򣬸Ϊһ񶯷
ַƺûκεĹϵǣȴɷϣ棬һ񶯹ϵ
ԣԼڶ֪е׻жûз÷

Ůᵽ񼶱ȻԸҸ֮ˣͬһͬ硣
Ƕֻ֪ȴûǰЩӶ
ƿһһָ䣬һ⣬ֱԺ֮У֮£ƱŮͬʱʧɽ֮ڡ
ˣأӶ񷢷һѰš
ȴΪоԼԺƺһƺһ׿ףԼһѳ⻹һʶѶϢ׿׿ȴԲӲιҲȴԲںռ䣬ױ¶Ϊ֮

ǿһ֮ԵķϣŸ˵ûκôĶ
߿գŤͷȸȸȥһһˣ
ϺɣȸһЦΪҲǿ࣬Ѿﵽλľ磬˫ޣһİˡ
ֲɱˣоû壬Ϊ䵱ҵĶˣҪѱǵЦ
ܿ񣿡ŵķʵŮҲ¶ȵɫ
һλҪ̫ײֻҪͱȻ᳨ӡǣƾƿصķ򣬼ʹҲ׵ȡ΢Ц
һʲô㣿ھΪʲô
䣬Ѿɱˣ񣡡ʮŵһ˹Ҫһ֪
˹ģƿ磬ɲԴ󣡡ȸǴȻ֪˹
˹Ҳֻʮ׵Ԫذأںָ߼򣬲ųɾ𣬶ĸ߼֣߷Ϊһη
ȸ΢΢˵ͷη嵽̸η壬ƿصǰԱûκģ
ˣ֪ЩДʲôжДƷʵ
ʮʮДʮֶ򣬶߷֮£ȴڸߵȷ֮ϣ˵޷ںϣսʵѾָ߼ںϵˣֻ˹Ƕһֿٵʱھ˹ѹʮД
ô˵ҲӦ÷ȼɣƵ
ţεȷɾλмɾм߼ɾ͸߼ƿضɾД磬ʮֶͰ񶯷򣡡
Ŷô˵񶯷򣬾Ƕˣͷһϲ
ȸ˵ͷ
߷ѵֻ֣Ʒʵ
ҾͲˣռʱ䷨һƿأǲʵҲߵ淨򣡡
֪˹еʲôûӦҲֻһДɣ߷֮ǲǾ񾳽磿˵Ǿʹ߷Ӧˣ֪ʲôڷзš
Ůȴҡͷû֪
ֻǿȸȴصȵǣȥȸ㣬֪ģ
Ƶ˵ͷʮִεȷʮ߷ʣµıеȷ͸ߵȷҲ֪ж٣ܣܿͻᱻǽˣ
ƺȻڴһ֪зӦҲ뿪ʱˣŮ˵ʱ䣬Ǿնɣ˶ʮһõԷȻҲӦжʮһаķȰʮִεȷ˵
Ůգ׷׵ͷ

˵ļ䣬˾ѾϺϺ󹫵ϺϿգ·˵ľ޴ǳأƵĿռ֮ѾǳظˣһָоֻҪԼԸ⣬һ˲Ϳǳأ֤ȮʹǳԼڿռ䣬Ҳȫ
Ϻ󹫸ĵҾ޵Ϻȴֵ˫һ˭


703 ҵ
ԴӰǰϺλԸƣȴȸ֮һֱڵأûиһϳǶڻ֮ǱޣֱȫְдɽʯѾûƵ˵Ϣ֮Ÿһ
ʹҲû¶棬һֱڵ°ҵȻҲ´̽Ƶ˵䣬һֱûκεϢ
ǽգоһӴƽԼ֮£ʹΪ񾳽磬ҲоΪСͬЩДһ㡣
ھ֮ʱͷԼѾܿһ㣬һ˲䣬ͳ˸߿֮С
һţʮˡ
ϺЩеΨһ֮󣬺û׹գһƣ
ңϺּˣ΢Ц
㣿ôϺĿƳܵŮһӲһϣΪּʮŮӾȻƣ֮һˣ趼ʲô˰ʲôʱԳȺˣҲûôɣ
ҪҵûпĻıӦǾβϺôҸΨһ·㲻ӦҲûбҪˣңҲὫϺŮŮȫնɱһ
㡭Ϻͷһŭ֮࣬ȴҲֵη壬û˵ĸһ񾳽˵ģʹһЩ߼ħ޴ﵽ񾳽磬˼ҲԶԼΪһﵽ񾳽磬˷֮ԼѾûʲôˡ
ԣϺŭЦƣûɣҳڻĶ֣Ϊɱң
Ҫɱ㣬㷴֮ûУԣڻܲܵ΢Ц
Ϻһ㶣æӦܣȴ˵һ㲻٣ʱоԼ·һռ֮УռеһУ·ܵƵƿأķһôûУΪķϵһ㶼һ
ʵڵƣƿصķɲֻǶʮ֣ʮУΪﵽ񾳽֮ĴʥԶ񼶱ľĴҲȫƿأһΪԴ
ϵͳĴϵԪصΪɲˣĹڰ׵ȵȷȫǽĴϵĻ֮ϣֻҪԸ⣬׵ݳϵԪط
Ϻƿصķϵ򣬿ʹÿռ֣֮͵ڽԼĿռ֮Уռ֮һз򣬶Լƿأ˵ϺǸ߼ûκεĻ֮
粻ϺЦһô
㣿ܣŰ꣬Ű㲻ôǿʵѾﵽДôܣϺ¡
㲻ӦҾڴˣϺҲɷ棡
ңֻҪɱ޹ǲŹģϺ

Ϻ

һ
ҴӦϺһŵͷȻ֪ƾʲôΪȴɱԼɱҲĿԱԼ񼶱ޱ壬ҲڽԪ֮ˣΪǷԪѾˡ
꣡ƾ˵
㣿ҪʲôϺʵ
ûзʵʸ񣬼סҪȥ͸ʵһ㣡Ŀһ䣬ȴҲռ֮ϺԺ֮ȥ
ϺΣоһѾӽԼ
ҽӡǵ֮ڣ
ϺֻܰƵĻȥθˡ
һ̣Ƽͬʱ˷֮һСĴԪռ䣬Ϻ֮УԪռ֮Уʮַ֮ʱͿռ䣬ʮˡ
ԺŪʲôˣϺоǹǿ֮󣬲ķһ
ûзʵʸ񣬴ӽҵޣκλΪκβӲҵĸ֪κ˼ӲҵƿأֻҪһͷͻɢԣȻûϺʲô
ϺĲȴܸоԼз·ǱһĹžޣֻҪзĹž޾ͻԼһ㣬ֱһ̣ĵͷ­Ƶǰ񣡡
̤ǰϺͷͬԼĳһ㣬΢ЦԺֻҪԹԵͲκεʹ࣡
ˣ
һЦûŮһۣЦҪڳɣҲɢɢģ
Ҫȥˣºǣַա
ŮˣҲ׷ˡ


704 幫
ƿ˿ѾϺһϺָϵĴԪƵУϺʶĨȥ֮ʶ̽ˣһԾΪʯ˵ѻɽ⻹ĵر֮
ϺǮЦ
ˣϺĻۣСϲģһ㶼ϣ
΢΢ͷȻ뵽֮ǰһǸ񶼻˷ĩʱûע⣬ڻƺҲһռָֻǱЮҸ֮ˣҲ֪浽жٶ
ϺĴԪ䣬ƷʯʮڣƷʯǧ򣬴ԲСԲʯҲ˲һ
ЩûٻϺֱӾҸ֮ҡ
ԱվŵϺһеĴԪûˣһʹȻôڱˣȫǸױԼСƵţϺҲƵ˽ˡ
ֲ鿴һһԪ䣬ĲƸͬҲǳĶ࣬ϺĲ˶٣ɴˣҲĲԺǲǶһЩ
ʯ֮⣬ĶҲûпۣ˵ʵڵģڻͲҪʲôΪѾӦԼһʹ޷鱦ңԶǿ֮У촸ӰѾƵʯ֮С
Ǿ̫ңԶֱ֮촸ƿն
ЩʯƶӸ˺ɻúɻ߼ˡ
Ҳʱȥ촸ջˣȻٳʱȥɽص򣡡Ѿע⡣
ˣȥɣҵĹϵҪʱܣߵʱȻ֪ͨ㣬ģҲѾ㣬а㲻˼ĺ˵գֱʧ
ϺһѶͷ麹һϺйЩŮӣ鼫ΪӣͣƬ֮Ž˴󹫸֮С
Ůĳ֣Ϻǵĺ䶯ΪǵΪΪղƵĿռ֮£Ϻе˼û˿׷ʲô飬ΪЩŮӵ̫ҲҿǷɢڸģƼһ²֪ˡ
ƽ˱˿橵ߣŮȽ׽ΪǶǷԭ
ʱĶŮҲ·ԼݣͨŮϲĿŽӵԵĵ̣һЩŮӵƷҲֳ˼ĺġ
ΪΪѾﵽļɽԺҲҪΪκ鵣ģԣŷŵ˿
˿㣬·ƯӦǱ˿֯ɵģǳỬһĸоһɫѵһɫЦ
˿Ҳң·ʯ
λǵҲΪһҾͲ˵ˣλѾ˵ˣ۸һƷʯϰһλ길ŮΪֻһͨλ
һƷʯô󣿡橲ϿһʯûеģңҲ֪Ҳûжʯ򣬵ҲΪ˳ʯƭϾˡ
һƷʯѾˣλ񼶱ޱ³˿Ҫ֪Ʒ޿Ƿǳģѱ˿ǴдҲܱĺ£ΪҲзǳĴĺôϰ˵䣬Ҳ˶ŮƣƺѾŮĵˡ
ֻǲ˵Ա߾Ȼһλ幫Ѿ˹Ŀڱ˿橵ɨӣգĿ˱˿ϣƾʺͳ࣬˿Ҫ橸ˣͬʱҲ˵λ·ҪˣҴ͸λϰ壬ﻹûһѣ
ӣҪΪλ𣿡ϰΪԼһλ幫Ҫ򵥣ΪŮǹ幫ӵŮˡ
ǺǺǣȻУó幫Ȼϰ˵Ŀȴû뿪ŮŮǰ֮Цλ֪ǿϺǵģԴ۹һ׼Ϻ̸һЩ飬û뵽λʵң
Ȼûֱ˵ԼݣȴҲڼӵıˣ͸¶Ϻ󹫵ĹϵҪύŮ
һŮӣȻ⹫һЩӣǱ˿ʲôˣ˵ƻǵˡ
ǲϺǵˣֻ·˵أлλӵĺ⣬ǲҪˣű˿ĸ첲תƣ๫߰ɣ
ʲô๫λ幫ɫṵ̆ĿͱüʣݺݵĶƣǼ򵥵ķʲôݵˣƺΪҲߣûаˣ߰İͷװźǫ˵֪λϣԺεȼ壿


705 ȱ
ƿŶԷоеСͬһ㣬ͶԷһʶҲش𣬶ǿϰ·ҪˣĻУ˵ֻһ𣿡
ϰһǰʽôˣֻ˵ǹ幫ӱŭ·ϰӦ֪ô
ϰüͷλ幫ƺǣΪҪϵļ־һ󹫾λĴۣǴ尡
ٿƵˣû˿Ĺ־ûκεļһգһһûˣ˻Ůڳй䣬
˹幫ӵĻ֮ƵĿжʱһ˿ŭɫϰ·ȿϵģû˵ƷʯŰɣһ·
˵ţ͵һԪ䣬˵ԪͲֵǮʹκεľʯƣұĶӸ߼Ϊؿռ䡣
ӴǣлͦðСӣҪλƷʯݣ㹻ϰˣǹ幫Ц
˵һ䣬Ų˺죿Ŭٺһ
һףλ幫ͷֱ죬ʶ˼һЩ𾪵ĶƣѾΪΪֻһͨˣ˵Ϊ£ǸΪôڱ磬廹Ͳ˭
һŮǰ棬æЦһСӣʶ̧٣յӣҵ㶼߲ȥ
Ļ䣬ӵͳ󺺣ڷֱ˿֮ȻҲŮòһ£ֻҲðʧͷ˼һ£
幫ӸûԷĿƵϣڹҿͷڣһųȥ
Ļո˵ֻ꣬
гƬ̣Ȼһɱĺǹ幫ӵϥǾȻ˫ȳɾʮȣֱӰСأ
££ҼӣҶ˷׷ŭƣΪһ˸˫̽ƾץ˹ȥ
ô֣һ̽˫ֱӼˢˢ˵ϡ
仰һЩƣ첲ô͵أǵоľʹ֮󣬲Ÿǹ幫һҽһ
ʣĸҶԭҪȥǵǷͷĸ첲ȻϢĵ֮ȴĶͣĿηĶơ
㾹ȻŪҵĸ첲ŸʲôѶϺ
ǣĸҶеһֱӾܳȥˡ
ģǴѶʲôܣõ֪ͨ𣿡ǹ幫Ӵ죬ֻһλ˫ȶҲǺѽϵģ۵ȫֱ£һ֮͵һѶ飬Ҳ֪һ֪ļһ
ʵʱԽľˣûʲôߵݣҲûʲôΪҲ̫ߣǾɵһʲô£ΪǸͲ֪Ŀ£֪һЩǵﲻġ
νˡ
Ȼλ幫ӰƵֹƨˣƾԲҶ֡
Ʒ·⼸ˣ˿ϰ·Ҿˣʯպã뿪Ҳø鷳
ƽ˿·ֱݸ˶Ů΢ЦţߣǼ֣ûöţٷָһЩʯϺһǮҲûУ
ȥŮռչÿһŮĶ򣬸ֽʯݸǣǿֱͨҸ֮ŲƵڵĿռ棬ֻҪ֪һ¼ɡ
ߣСӣΪ˻뿪Ϻ𣿡幫ӶݺݵĶƵıӰҶ˵
Ҷͼ˹幫ӡ
幫Ӽ˵Ҹ㣬Ǵ۹ӹǣҵ˫ȣҪٱ
ϻ̫ˣƸûŤͷһǹƾճ֣λ幫ӵ֮С
жûнгԴһʱûϢ
££㣿ɱǵĵ£֪֪ʲôˣŹǵļҶ˻Ϊ֪ˣԼҲˡ
ѾſڵƣȻת˵ʲôˣΪҸҪ֪ɱݣ
Ǳ˵Ŀ⣬λλҶͬʱסˡ
ƴŶŮոճţ֮ӭ˸ղȥͨ籨ŵһҶҶ󣬻һˣϺǵľбˣΪ߸һλԲ
ϽҼҵ£һһָƣٺһ
ˣҲɱƺľ˶ԷĴ


706 ɵ
ʲôɱ˹ǵ£Ϊ׵һλŵĶƣֻǵ治ɫı֮󣬱϶Ƶ˵𾪵ͬʱȴҲò˼ƵʲôˣΪ֪ǵ֮ȴʮ򶨣
֪֪㴳˴˭ȻϺɱ˴ĻӣǾ͵Ϻʹ۹ԣʲôˣⲻһˣץȲҪɱʱ򽻸Ϊ׵Ľŭ˵
ߵŮˣǼҵ¿ǣʱͽǼҵһǵڤ̺£ǸŵļҶָ橶Ů
ʵλϽͿŮҲΪˣֻǸղûлѯʣԲûгڣʱһŽעת˶Ůϣû˵ɽȴ̾ŮòҲһЩƣΪʲôŮȻˣΪڸղţ»ͨطҲΪŮ˳ͻ
һȺʿѾǰ׷׳󽣣ơ
ƼˣҪ֣˿ȴץסҡҡͷǶͨˣǾ͵ˣûʲôõģ
ģƲĿ˿ȴ΢΢ͷļ˵ĻǱɱģǺθʣҿԱǴߣǻҵλӣ
Сӣ֪ˣɱǵ£㻹뱣ӣŶûУµһŭӵ
߰ɣѾؽƵĲϡ
ǼǵĻŭȼˣڷи֣ʮΣֲҼҵһ˵㵽ʲôˣסﻹʲôˣ
ô㻹ҵļһɱˣЦûԼϵؽ
֮
ȻˣҾ͸˵ˣƳ˶ԷһۣоԷȻһЩɵƣȻҪ֪˵ĵϸȻв
˵һַ˵ڰѺ͵ڻץʱ佫µʬȥ
Ϊ׵ĽüͷΪȻԼܴģѾϵ֮ˣҲѾϱȥ
⼸ȥץ˿橣ȴŮͬʱȵǣ
ء
ͬʱ˳ȥ
ȻҷһСͷĿŭһᵶȥ
ֻĵûȥȴֹա
΢΢üͷĿ⿴Զû뵽Ȼһˣݺݺٵĸ֮ȻҲܲ졣
ݺݺּˣЦڵΪûаݺݺ£ڰǰûдﵽ񾳽ʱҲ˿
ɱ˴£ݺݺҧĿֱ֨֨죬һ뵽֮ǰ֮飬оһŭһ뵽ƾȻ˴һϲ˿µӣЦΪ񵱿ɽ͸ҺʹԣȻǱ۹֮һԲǵģۡ
һ£ж񣿡΢Ц
񣿡ݺݺ˫𣬲ûش𣬶ǽĿߵĶŮϣֻɰѶŮͨˣƲƲ죺㻹б£겻ȻҵôŮӣǻ˼ң˼һ
㻹ûлشҵʻأ
Ҳ޷вϰʯǴӦ֪ɣȴǻ壬֮ܳƵϵ۹Ϊһλλ񣡡
λ񣿺ǺǣһΪ߼أҲЦһȴȽʧɱҲԵ޹ʾɱģ˿Է˳֮⣬оǴʹ۹еĸֹУ֤һԼʵΪ׼
ǲСݺݺش˾Ѿʼ̾Ϣһ֪ߵغˣĲԶˡ
ֻݺݺȴܿüͷ֪񣬲һһ֪λλҪɱƶûгɹɱһλϺҲ˶ˡ
ݺݺȥɣѾܲˣƿ˵ȻѾϺԼϺԺҲԼūˣ֮ǰĳҲ˶ʧҲϣϺ̫û䡣
㣿ϺĳײȴȻˣɫӵĿƣգȴһ֣
ʲôǵļ˸оԼӦˣˢˢĶݺݺ
λҲǲĶݺݺ
ǳûߣݺݺŭһɨһƺͶŮֱӾ뿪
ǽҲȥ
Ŵ뿪ǵļŷӦһŭȵŹɱµ֣͵ں͵۹ΪУ
ĻûϺ˷ء


707 
Ķ⼸ˣ˵ǻȥҪǾͶɼ֣ȻʹǲҲʱȥǵģ
úúá֪ߵغļһ͵ɣ
Ļո˵ֻ꣬оǰһܳ任ȻѾ뿪Ϻǣ߻йǵʬ塣
һĻãȴҲͣǵʬ壬۶ȥͬʱҲôѶѶ
ٵĴ˳ȥرǿϺܵļѾʼеˣǶҪʲôȻս۹ʹϺò֡
ССĲ֮ƴŶŮŽֵĹţֻոսȴһ顣
ԶԶĿǰΧһˣ߽ƾѾȺ֮еˣŮż幫ӣֻ⼸ȴϺķװ
ڶŮܣһȺô󽣣ΡΡĶŶŮȴֲǰ
ǵʲôˣΪҪɱϺģһȣݺݺһƥͷǰһ̣ϳǾȵ㣿
ݺݺɣЦ
ݺݺȴûлشһ֣ҳ˵ʬţ
ȥˡ
ȴһЦȻݺݺǾȻԱͳ
һ̣Ȼһ
ˡ
Ťͷȥǰף͹½ʹ˸߷ɣ⻹һĹӱ˽¡

Ϻǣһͳ˹ȥһ꣬ĻһЩԺյˣе۹ӣҲй̳ˣֵĴһЩѵŮӡ
ϺҲ˶ңȴںյĹ֮ƼգֱӾʹϺϿʧ
ܿ죬Ǿ˰вŵĸ߿֮Уչռ֮̽飬ûзϰʯִŮһͬȥ˰Ͼɹҵ˰ʢ
ʮԳ֮󣬰Ͼ׷ˣû˼ͬʱʮ˿Բƾκη޶յġ
⣿Щ񣿡·ľʿǵսľȻǿư۱ȴû˸ȥսʮλ
ϵܣû뵽ȻˣЩǵðɣʢЦһϸ߿ա
ҲһЦҴ뿪磬Ծ͹ǰкˣ
ϵܴ뿪ʢĿⲻϵɨߵŮӣȴھҵ̶̰꣬߾Ȼô˭޷뵽ġ
Ƶ˵ͷ֮ǰҴսһĸ֣
Ŷɱ˴λ£ʢʵ
ϸϢͦͨģɱֻΪ檵⣬ССĳͷˣ
ǺǺǣϵܣλ϶סϵܷģҿ϶վһߵģʲôʱϵܾ˵һɣ
ӴϺλҪʱ䣬ӦҲ쵽ˣϸûʲô飬ԺȥϺǣ
ããϵܷģ
ǹټ˵գȴŮһͬ˲ʧ
˲ƣǿռ񣿡һĻʢһ
˲ƣҲ밲ʢˣֱӴѶɣﵽϺǣƾô򵥵һ˲ơ
Ϻ󹫸ԺһƶУŮҲѾҸ֮ңϺηվƵǰ
ˣݴϢڹ죬Լʵ۹𣬻аϾвϰʯԼλˣѾˣǴһϺϺɫص
֪ƶ룬Сһڣս˴棬Ȼ㳲ֻҪңǴһЩСʵ
Ϻɣ΢ʵ벻ͨΪΰǰΪôѵ֮󣬾ܶԸλ֪λλĲġ
һԼ׵շΪֹλô򵥣˵߻ʮλˣʮλûλ񶼻һأ
˵ĲƸӦúܶɣˣɼʯͷ˵䣬˰ɫľʯݸϺ
ϺӹϸĴ֮ɻˣʯͷҲУЩ޷ķģǴҪʯͷ
УãڸʼȫռʯͷԽԽã
ǣˣϺתȥˡ
óʯͷʯѾΪȥ׼ˣȱʧûʲô紫˵˵ȥ˵֮ΪѹƳɷˣҲֻ緲ǰ㣬ʯǱرĶˣҪǽװʯҪʹʯ
ҲǺɻĽۡ


708 һ
еʯֻʹɵľʯ
۾ԵƬ̣ϺѾأˣѾȥˣҲȡһ飬ǲʯͷ
˵ţϺƵһȭͷİɫʯͷ
ƽӹ֮΢Ӧʯͷĵ˵ͷһͬȥɣҲ쵽ˣ
˵ţƾʹÿռ֮ЮϺһͬ˲Ƶ˸߿գԶȥ
һƬ޵ӰѾԽԽ飬գٵϺϿշĻǿѹγ˾޴ķˡ
ֱ죬½ĳŮӰһֱſĶǰ
ܿ죬򡰿վѾǰʮﴦΪ׵˸ֻǧҵա
Ӧþǹɣ̸Ц
㣿ǸɱҴӵˣеһŮŭһ
ƣϾϰʯڿ֮Ȼһ㶡
ϰʯ磬ּˣ
ô£ĸߴͷ𷢵Ĺ쿴ϰʯ
˾ǵǸɽʯƣϰʯص
Ҳ˭ƣɱҵˣսҴϣϷϷ֪֪Ϊе³ϺĳҲӲˣȻϷˣŭһ
Ϻûлش𣬶ȴѾռչͬİ򡰿վһͬ˵ǾҼʶʶı죡
һǰλСһʹΣ˵ЩŮӶǸ˷ˣ벻Ҳﵽ񾳽磬ǣӦû֪λλĲɣ
һ֮⹭κȻʧȻһѽֱƶȥ
ƵһЦ̧ƣһ͸ƾճֱ֣Ӿû֮Уʧ֮󣬽ȴҲʧˡ

һž˶ڶƣƺڵŷʲô
һյʱ䣬ûκεĶ֣һ¿Żˡ
Ļʵ۹𱬺һ㣿ҸŪȥˣ
ˣôˣըգۣԵúǵ
ˣܣųɵĺţʱҲͿˣûʵ࣬ΪͲԼи߸ϵĸףȻһӾûˣ¼˭бλ񣿳ƿô
Ǻǣ㲻˵ΪҽųЦ
ɵˣ¿Ƶʵ
˵ɵɵĶƣԭΪһεһݿϺҺúõһǸɱӵˣٲҲֻǴһ⻹ûأûˣ
˵ȷʹôʣµλ޷ܣҲԸȥš
˵ǣ˽ϺҲû뵽Ľ˵һжûͺλ񾳽ĹǹսȥһȥˣҲû֪
ǻʲô𣿡ƺɵٴηʵ
һͷߣȫֻȴڰ˵İɣ
˼ڶ㵽ʲôˣ
Ұһ·ģˣǶȥɣţʱһȥǵģЩӾͲˣ°ɣ˵
㣿㣿Ѿ˵ɲԼĸ׾ʧˣʹĺҲûа㶯
һϣһһʲôҪϢס̫ϻʣпռϵܣӵٶД𣬶һʮДȴûмλДǺڷߵһ׷ߴˡ
ûлشĬĬĶơ
£ûڴ𣿼ʹʹʲôֶνڿסҲԲôʱɱڣһȫѹֻҪͬʱӦÿԽشʱھͿӳˣ
ûпЩŮӣʮգʮλ񰡣ĿɨŮ
Կܣ¼䣬˭߻пӵôŮһʹʲôƭǵģҸûǵϸܵϢ
񣿲ɣ
ѵ˹仯ǲǵģ˲
۷׷ףһʱȴòǷԸơ
ʱƣȴߵ˲¶һ룬ȷʵȫѹŹ죬ͲֻҪ°ˣǽеȫ¡
𻯳һ֧ɫʸϵƵڿռײûȡκεЧֻһ򣬼ٷС
ڿռҲޱȣҪɳȥҲһʱܹ̾ģ෴Ҳøַвϵ


709 ճ
ƵڿռУʮ˿ŷ飬ǹһǳʹùͷֲ巽ɵĽ𽣣޷ƿڵĿռ䣬ֻͷһ·ǰС
Ŭվ벻ƵķرʱռĽϣʹûγɷ飬Ҳȫ
һ𶯷򲻶ϵײڽ֮ϣÿһײʹ΢΢һٶҲ֮ͣ򲻻ʧʱ̵ӰŹ졣
ʱĹҲǳ𾪣оԼԽԽܵѹҲԽԽҪǰһ쳣ѡ
ڣֹͣɽ֮壬ޱ޼ʵǿ֮УһЩã޷ƵνԼģԭΪײƵϣ׵ĽƸɱڵȴΪڡ
Ϣľ֮£ÿһζǣȴ޿κΡ
ƣҳȥ޵ŭš
ȥڣ㻹ʲôʸңƵ˷ͬʱ֣ԵңԶ䣬ͬصƿߡ
ңͶ䣬ҳȥ֤ԺҾԲԣ
ߡһһǿҵĹ𲨶˹Ľ֮ϡ
ǡ
Ľڳơ
δȹӦһ𶯷ٴײ˽֮ϡ
ҽһֱӾͻ˷ĩ
ǹƼĩ֮ϣתγһ·ͽĩ׵ˡ
һ̣ǹ⼸ͬʱһԵøҫ
ǳɹȻУȻԽԼͷϲ
һλ񣬾ô䣬ΪƵ֡
磬ʵ۹ɲĵƶţǿԵʮλŮӣһЩ
£ٵȣٵȥڿɾ͸ΣˣһˮݵŮӿ˵
һҧˣЩŮӦö񣬲ҲֻǳǶи߼񾳽磬סǣһԸơ
˵˵ͷ
ɱһλһѽɫһɫӰٵһѳһɫʸֱƶȥ
ߵҲʱơ
ֻǵһЦ̧ƣһռƳֱ֣Ӿͽͬǽɫʸһͬ֡



һУֻо±һɴѹƣû˿֮ľͱơ
һ֣ȻȫģһǬ֮ڱٴʹˡ
һҲǿҲֵһС
񣬻һƿռ䡣
ԵϺֻоһ£һ̣ڼʶƵʵ졣
񰡣ôͱСˣҶץУãӣƺҲ֪ԼƵƵġ
ɻ֮ʣƵһֻҲȻ̧ǰ޵İ򡰿վҲŲƶԽԽС֮ϣ֮ʧ
ƽȫɹ
ڵɹͨĲ룬ټƸƱΪҲѾȫĴﵽľ磬ڲռޱȣˡ棬Ҳȫоӵ
֮ͨУʵҲв˾סɹ֮еˣѾˡ
Щ֮һ뷨ǲǶŪһЩ˻޽ɹҽǷָڲͬͬһλ棬ҲֻҪķ򣬿ɾƿصķһˡ
ЩˣҲӵ˷֮ôҲ͵ɹӵˣôɹҲǿȫƿص£ƵʵҲǿ
˿еգƻǽϰʯ˳
ϰʯһеļ֮ĿҲη塣
ϰʯ֣㲻õģҲûҪ˺㣬ԺͲ˰ɣ֪ܲܳŵһ۹΢Ц
㣿ϰʯ˵Ļηɫͱɻ󣺡֧ҵĻʵۣ
ֻҪԸ⣬Ҿ֧㣡ƻص
ϰʯĬˡ
ûȰ⡣
֪ı˭ң滹һ߼ǣץǣ͵ڵλ߼Ǹ˿ĳӣΪµģϰʯɫǵĿƣ޷¶ġ
֪ϰʯǻ˵Ǹ߼ҪǣֻҪҴ֧˭ˣѵД
ʮД֮һս˹ҲĶӣÿ˹״õ˹ıӻϰʯص
ǰ˹ûйҵˣһЩ衣
УеòŮӣ͸˰˹壬䵱˹ж̣
ƳĬˡ
Ƭ̧֮Ŀ⣬˵ʱ赣ǣȻеˣôҵˣҲʱ򣬴еȻʵۣÿװ˹ĶԼʹ˹ҪԸ㣬Ҳ׶֣뿪ҲûдڵıҪˣ
ϰʯգ΢΢˵ͷȻˣھͷذϾȴĺϢ
˵գϰʯ۶ȥ
ˣȥϺ˵
Ƶ˵ͷ΢΢һǱ֮еĸʧˣѹԼڵĿռ֮УǵĴָǱֱӶȡĶҲͳС
ŮŲƣ˴Ͽգ·Ļʳǣ·ֱӾͰȥ
ռطԲǧĳǳأǧ˵ĵ۹ʳǣͱƽռֱ֮ɹ


710 ȸ
ȻҪǾͶһЩ⻹۹ĲƱ֮ЦһٴŲƶߡ
أͺ۹֮һأͺǺʹʳǴС˶٣ͬλ򣬶ʢҲأͺ֮һֻûʱֻǸոոϵϺǣȴûмƣֻ˵ͰѾ
أͺҪػ߾ǽأͺλ񣬵оһɿռѹԼϵʱʹӻʹеһ֮سգɫصעеһˡ
ʱŮϺѾҸ֮ңֻʣһ˶ѡ
أͺҪȹĶ࣬һͷɫͷĽΪ࣬һ˫ۣƶʱȴƵʵòɻǺˣ
㲻֪˭̸̸㻻һطʳǣôƿ˵
أͺһݣļһȻ͸ȴҲû̫ں£ƶȻ򿪣Ҳһ̺Ȼо·Ȼǿ
ƲûκεӰ죬ֻҪռ֮򿪣׵ĵɫһ䣬̧ƣȻ㲻ӦҾǿнˣ
أͺȻܵĿռ䣬ǰĿռǳֳ״岻Ų˹ȥ
㣿أͺɫ󺧣ٴʹóͼƵĿռ
ǣķȴҲֻ˵ãƵƿأֱӾͱĿռбɱˡ
֣ƷԼΪ˹֮΢һЩռȹ̣Ҫмڡ
˿·Ļʳǣ򵥵һ֣λ񶼱ÿռѹס󽫻ʳҸ֮֮ŽһĽλڿռ䡣
Ѿ޷ٴһˣֻܽ뵽Ҹ֮Һɹ档
һеһУҲҸ֮еϺ֮ǰʲôĻûаˣڰΪԼϺ壬Ҳ䲻³
۹֮ҲûôԶžֱ˲Ƶһ۹Ƶ۹
۹ĽҲ۹һ׶ٵıλɱλѹڿռ䣬Ҹ֮ң䵱֣ʳŲƵɹˡ
һУٴηϺǣϺ˳˵ھҪȥǣ㣬ҪΪռʯһÿռһҪʱĴ͸ң滹λ񾳽ĿܾפϺǰѰҸľסԲ˷֣˵У
ƶϺһռҽڿķϺ
ռ´ģڲʹǳ󷨣˿ռʱ䷨򣬺͵˿ЯǸ˶١
Ϻӹ֮ʹʶ̽ڲһſǳһ󷨣ǳͻᰴһĹתλжӣ׳
⴫磿½ͨϺȵ
Ƶ˵ͷҪһ֮ӦĴúɣѾûλˣǴԽϺϺ۹
˵գӰҲԽԽ֮ʧ
ϺĿգãջĿ⡣

Ѹײڶ֮ƣͬһ۹Ȼ˵ɻȴû̫ĻңΪûм֪ģֻǸо۹ͻȻʧһЩ֣벻ᱻ˸ˡ
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ޱȣǳأӦҲ̫ĹעҽɽˣӰȻǳĴҪ߼ڻûаսǸͬʱɱһȥǴ̽һϢǵĴԽӵŪ֣ٽȥʱ֮Ū
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뿪һ˲䣬ɽĸиߵҲһ˶ղǹӴѹųһ亹߼
˵ʲô˭ѵ𣿡˰һ

ԭﵽǣ߼Ҫһµķʱ䣬ֻǼ򵥵߰˴˲ƾ͵ǵĳ⡣
ȸ˲ȥ
ռؽǣҲǱϵģĳǳأҲΨһһֹɱ¾ĳǳأʹǸ߼ҲҪĹأȻͨĴܶŹ޷ġ
ÿǾҪƷʯܽ룬ȻԴˬĽʯ֮󣬵ƺͿȸֱ׵ĸۡ
ߴԺ֮⣬ƺͿȸڴˣſػ׸ۡλֻȸ˵Ǹȸͨһ˵ˣ
ԭǿȸԵȣһԺȥ
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Ѿȷ磬ÿҵԼߵʬǣֻҪҵпԼķǸر游͸ĸ
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712 
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713 ½
ҲףҪǿжȡķǺѵģΪ鲻٣͵ڲóֿ䵽˱˵ǾͲԸˣΪˣԽľĨǿռС
ķ൱ɼҵıԴ֮ΪԽߣԽѶȡ׵ɱλȴ޷ȡλķ顣
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716 
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Ȼ뵽һ⣺ΪΪ棿֮ʲôҴææһʹبŵ˵ʲôأ
ŵʱ򣬻ֻΪ˻Űɣ˵ֻһΣ˯֮ˣһԼҲһ˯أи̾
ɺȻһЦַ֮ɢ壬뵽Щʬ֮УЩʬǱۿɼٶѪƤ
һͻȻı仯ʹЩι۵Ⱥ׷״󾪣һЩг
ٱ˵ķĹаЦȻҲûд̫ͣãһ֣ڻָʬȫӹʧԼҲܿ뿪˵ء
Ƭ½ɭһõ󷨣ֻҲѾˣΪηƸͲҲûзǸڸԼ˫޹Ļ
һ꣬һ꣬ǺֹǧꣿѾǧԺˡ
ʶˣҲûһڵģµķҲѾ˳Ҷ
ɻǣʹǧ꣬ǵڴ֮еĸ켶ѵҲûд
鿴һЩط֮Ȼķɭ־ȻҲ˾䣬ﲻһ飬Ƿָ߰˿飬֮ҲһЩĺ
ѵƬʲô䣿𣿻ɽǵ˶ڵƣڵʱ仯û̫⣬ֻҲ޷ݳǧǰ飬֪ԼĸĸʬǾںδˡ
ʶռ֣ȴûκεķ֣գֻܰ˼ᣬΪѾ³Լĸʬǲ޾Ĺûʹ󷨱ټϵʵı仯˵ǧ꣬궼޷档
ûеƵʶֱصףռ֮Ҳ̽ÿһ֮ء
ǣʧǣصһС
˲ˣǸĶ½ѾΪǵĵǸתɵԲǲͶ̥תõģǸǲ൱ڵκţǸǵԲ飬ǲ൱ڵϴ˵Ŀ
ѵıһĽһʥǣһ൱꣬ʱ򱶡
Ҳǧʱ٣󷨵ˣһʱ䷨ˣΪ϶ҪһҪߣӦĴڡ
ĿռǲҲ󷨵ĸ죿
˵Ӧòһ֮ͣĸ߲һͬõģôһʲô
һƵԺ֮С
޷ѰҵԼĸʬǣҲȥ½ˣȻѾֻصʹ꣬ҲٴˣѳΪޡ
ŲƳ֮ǿգٴοһǣ룬ԼĽڣʲôķӦЩϣǣ˵ᷢ衣
̾һƵĿֿһҲ촸ĸӦλ
һ˲ƾʧƬ
ֻո뿪ãɽϣһǶǳľ޴Уһ۵ĺǰһ
ܿ죬һߴʮɵľ˾˽ۣɫͷϴһɫڣǶһŰ˲ʵӣλߵ¶ɣ̧ͷž޴ǿ񷶥
˷Ǳͳ˹
Ǻһˣæһ񣺡£
ȥǵʥǣ˹ʵ
ǵģ¡˸ո뿪ʥǣ
ܺãȲҪҪ˶ãͻ᷵صģǸʱǻһһʥǣ
£ϳݷ֣ԺıǱҪСӦ߻ص
˵һЩ˹ͷʵ
΢ݲϻΣգΣҪеĹϵ˵
ô˵ҪֹȥǸ򣿡
Ҫֹ΢ݳҪȥѰһΪؼ֮Բõֻ֣ҪòôΣϵͻήͣͻԽƫڱ£
ʲôҪѵɣ˹һԶǱͷ䵱֮ĸ׵ԤԣֻǸԤУ˹ᱻԼĺȡȻոչ¶ͷǵơ
ûٴβƵĸĸ
ȷʵǣҸĸҲѾˣԱ²õǸԤԣǰƺû̫Ĺ˼ɡ
ǾͰҺúõļʣµЩŮһʲô޴ı仯ɱ
ʱ£ЩŮ⣬½绹ûŮ΢΢Ƿʵ


717 
˹üͷϸĻŹ飬뵱Ҳȥ½ҲȷʵһЩŮһֻһࡣ
ЩŮԲģ඼Ѿȥ
Ҳҿ϶Ϊ֪ĹɣҲȡԼĸ׵ֻǣͬо飬ǿԴƺ͸ıģҲΪˣôõ
ôȥЩŮѾᷱܳĺɶ½ŰҲֻˣ½˼ҪĲֻЩȴŮͬЩŮܵĺҲҪ
ɲһˣҲвԼĵλ
ǸϲļһһȻһᱻȡԤԣԲҵϷ˹һ
һһЩϢȥ½磬ȻҲ鿴ЩǷ䣬ƣһҾͶһЩȥֹԲõǼвͲõˣ
˵Щ˹ʳָһһâ˺ߵԺ֮С
£½ѾûжٻˣʣµһЩˣֻҪǸɱˣ˵
ôǣԲö˴ǵĸɣֻҪɽҵУ˭Ҳڲʲô˵꣬˹תȥ

Ʋûֱȥ촸ڿ򣬶ٴηǣ³ȻƲ֪ΪҪƣֵ֮飬Ҳ
ʱѾҹһյȭÿһȭǳᣬȴܲռĲʹ΢΢ŲΣһĹɣռ䲨·ɼ
Ƹյĸопһﲻͷһȭ
΢΢һЦ̧ƿȭץס˲ȭͷ΢΢һ㶣δµϣһ۲·µƼȭ棬һɾ޴Ŀռ䲨ٴײƵϡ
ֻһϵ΢ЦҲûм١
֮ȴȻסˣɵľһƣ
ҲԽƣջƣЦ
ôͻȻ˵㲻ȥ𣿡Ҳջϲ
ڲ𣿡
Ȧһ죬ˮȴУ΢΢˵ͷһΪԶ
ѾλˣΪβȥ磿ɻ
ԱˣҲҪҵıǣҲֻʣʮˣҲ֪һܳŶã֪ʲôʱᲨҵϣŴҲѾ뿪ǣ˴ԼأǡѾǰˣ˵䣬ɫѾ࣬ø
Ȼ֪Щ˵벻뽫Ƕ
룬Ȼ룡
ǺãƵĿռ֮չʳǣһ˲䣬㽫ǳظɹ
ҲоܵĿռȻ仯ʶ͸ңգǻɣˮϴı̣
赲˶˵ĲѾԣֻܽҵĿռ棬٣Աǲȶ˹һὫЩٷŻƽ͵ǺܿһΪԼĿռ֮УκӲ̽顣
ȻŮӣӡ
ȻĶŲãƾȻ֪˵Щʲô
ǳԾĿ⣬ɵһȴû
Ŀԣ˶Ĭ
գͷȥǲǷˣ
ΪʲôҪ
Ϊ
ýˣ⣬лŮǶǺѣﲻɾȴ뿪ȵطٽ
һ֮ƵʧͬҲ뿪ǡ
ټĳǳͻȻ֣Ʋ֣ᷢҲҪЩעԼԣҪǰ뿪ϾһεжҲǳҪɲ촸ʲô⡣
ֻո뿪ƾճ˼ˣһʽǼ֮ء֮Сųźɫۼ׵Ļߣ㿷쳣ª
ߣλһ桢Һѵ޷ƣԼ࿡ݵħ
һŭŭūġ
ΪʲôͻȻʧվڻ˫¶ɱ
ѵˣħ°ͣͬɻ
ˣ˲ǧĳǳʧˣ񼶱Ȼ½磬벻
ϧˣǵĴ˾ȻҲʧˣǲȻֻλ񾳽磬ȴѾںǵַԼҲѾµķ⣬Կ˹һ£㿷߿˵
ѵҲ޷Ӧ޷ɻ
㿷ҡҡͷҸҿ϶ӦûֻҪٴγ֣ҾһԸӦҵȺ򡭡ףȻˣֻһλƺĴ׶ˣ


718 ׷
ĸӦΪ׼ȷĴ׵ıѾ׷׽ϣ˻֮⣬׶ͨĴ
ͨȸеĴ
ֻڻ׳ֵǰһ̣ѾԼߵķɾѪڵĿռ֮С
ңƱҲ֪Ĵ׵Ľ١
ĴΪͻȻ֣Ʋû̫⣬ʱѾ뿪ǣÿռ֮ϵ˲ƣٶȣʹǹⶼ޷⡣
ڼϵ֮Ž˳ʹÿռ֮촸˲ơ
ҪȥǷٵ䣬ɫкǾȣ벻ƾȻﵽ˸ߵΪ
ȥһΪҴϸӦ˷ŭҰģƺǺ
գһ㶣˵õλǰİ˵ŭҰһǿѾ֮ȫƿˣһķ򣡡
Ŷû뵽зѭĳɹˣ
˵ͷɫԴǵĿƣ᲻ұ仵ˣ
ǺǣΪʲôô룿ƸӺ档
ŭҰĲаһ𣿡üͷ
ȻǾӦ֪а˵Уа˵УǾ壬ʹķһɱˣҾ֮һЦ
һЩĿƣգգۣȻһЦҿ˵սλʹõľЩķ򣡡

˽̸ʱߺŭ͸Ӧ˲ķλһۣ˵ȥ׷
˵˵ͷҲֱӴϿʧ
ͬʱĴҲӦĸаĶ򣬿ٵƼһɫ멵Ĺ׿һ۱˿𣺡ܲܿһ½Ľ
ı˿ֻ۶ŹףκĽбһɵ˷Ϊȥôӵ飡
ǺǺǣ˿ǿǷǰƣԲõصĶÿԽ첻ãǾͲûˣ½ǶԾɣ۵İ˫īں֮УԵ÷ǳʡ
ĸߴ࣬׵Ļ̬˿ȹһһѰҵ֮ĸλɣ
Ϊô£̫ԶͲҽ֮ȡˣֻڷλ˿ص
Ȼˣڼ̳ղҿǸӦϹĳˡ׻ص
˿˵ͷ˫ͷų޵İɫΣܿ죬۾һָһλ
³ͬʱʧ

ֻĸո뿪ʥؾһǾޣߵһ˺ҲһģһȻı
ˣӦȥ׷˰ɣޱз˫ۣǴЦݡ
ҲһЦÿȥǵΪ£һҲɱƵûᣡ
ޱ˵ͷھʥصĿռѾȫںڣֽϼʹʥؿռںһ壬ѾλˣʱգΪ߼Ҳѣʱ໥ںϣȡһͻƵД֮
һҲ˵ͷ˻ɼ⣬ֱ
˸ո뿪ʿıֱӽʿԼڣҲǡ
ڷеĲĵʮͶûΪ̫ãŮ¶ö֮иҡ
ֻǲȴȸоԼ֮еַƺͬԴĲ󷽵ǿտһۡ
ǲǸоˣ΢Ц
Ѿˣ
ȻҵĿռԸǷԲǸոսӽҰҾѾˣҲ׷ǣ˵ţ˲ƵٶȶȻӿ졣
ĴͬҲ˲ƣǿ֮УкڰлֻҪзĵطǾܹУƵĴŲơ
Ҳ׸ΪеķǴڿռ֮£ʱ֮Уڿռ˲Ƶͬʱʹʱ٣ٶٱ˸Ͳ׷ϡ

ããǺ֮УȼŻ꣬ٵķС
󣬾ͻᷢЩȻԲηУǵ룬һ޴ĺڶԽǿڶǵٶԽ죬ȼյҲԽ죬ɶ˻һ㣬ϵıڶ֮ڡ
෴Χȴʱʱôڶת˺ڰǿ֮С


719 
Щ֮ٷевһֱǧľ޴򣬾Ȼİ˺ڶβϵΧš
֮ϣһֱľ޴һɽ޴ϷһˣŮ٣ǹͬϵĿž޴źڶΧС
˿Ƚϳȴûаʹ֮ɫֻһ𷢴˵촸ѾʼˣӦٻһԴǷУصߡ
ǱĿ꿪ЦڵΪƺǰǿˣ촸ôԶȻǿķӦ
ǧŮ΢ЦֻԽԽǿ
򿪿˵һһܴĴ׵ģ
˫СŮ˵ΰĴڣ
ء
һ죬촸Ȼ޴ת֮˦˳ʹÿռ䶼һҲٶޱȵڷλȥ
Ȼ߶֪ԷķλҪʱҲǲܵġ
Ҳһֱ˲ȥһʱ䣬Խ˼Ҳòһʺ˾ӵֹͣԻָڵ
ʶ̽ƷȻʺ˾ӣֻһЩ͵ԭʼûˣֱʮң󲿷½أҲȽС
ͣһƬԭϣ˵һǵ֮ȵҵĿռ
뼸׶ս¶ǡ
ҪһԼս˵ʵڵģҲû߼սǽ֣ⶼǳ£˵Ҳץסң
ĶƵ۾վǵ˵ͷ
û˵ּ䣬ͽҸ֮ҡ
Ҹ֮ŮѾնȥ˷ҲڰţԼıƺûʲô飬֮ΪȻ׷ֲǸŮ
Ů˺棬³ǲֿеŮӣ
ֻǲ˶Ů֮𾪵һЩ㵸Ͳ֪ˡ
ƼһĻҲջʶĴ׵ĵͲĴףʹԼУŮأȫŮԼڿռ䣬ŮʵսͿ˲
ֻһȾ졣
ɴ˿ɼĴڸ·ƻǲһ㡣
գʶ̾ϵ֮ҲֹͣΡ
ʱѾϢˣĿռӦ֮£Ĵв֧
ûκϢһռ䷨𶯷͹˰׵ϡ
һжڿռ֮ڣһжʱ䷨֮£ͨռʱ䷨򣬼ûܶƵһ
ҲˣڷҲֻĸ߼򣬶Ƶ𶯷Ƕ򣬸˵ʱͿռ߷Ľϡ
ء
ʱ䱻˲ǧ٣һ˲䣬ǧη
ء
һ죬׵ֱӱ飬ռ֮Ȼٴɢ
ױɢ֮С
һĻλ׶һ㵡
ǣδȹ׶֣͸оҲʲôˣȻ޵ֿ֮ɢ޾֮С
ת˲ףҲڷɶǧ׺ͻ׶˶š
ޱ飬·˿ûƶ˵ϮɱֻǿеΪɱǣǣ
ɻĶŻףһ̣͸оӴѹѾԼ
ˡ
ռѲİɫϸƺͰϸƴԼƤڡ
ãưһռ֮˲ͽԼʱһǧ٣˲
ƣ㲻ܵģֻҪ㻹Ƭռ֮УԶܶں͹ֻҪкڰ߹ǾԶ޾ǿ֮У˲϶
ȥƣٸԼʩһķ򣬶Ϊûֻˡ
һ̣Ҳ׾˵һ仰׸ͲˣǷγɾӵ˼άƾͲö֪ˡ
еĺڰ͹ʧҲ˵ںڰ߹֮Уİ֮£ʹӵпռ֮ȴҲ޷ѶԷĹ
ǽҵڿռ䣬ҵڿռУһжҵƿأһ͵ûйͺڰˣưһ
ԭڸղţа͵Ϯнڵģȴû¶ģΪǸ߼۷ΪДҲֻһ֮˽Լڵķ飬ϾԼҲйͰֵ֮ģԴȻܿӦټǵĸΪпܻŪҡ


720 
ӣӲģһδ֮дȻû谵
ף²鿴벻׵ٶҲô죬΢΢һ𶯷ͱɢ塣
εڿռʱ֮Уܵĺڰ֮С
ء
һ֣Ƽһ㣬ڰ֧飬Ҳ˲ѣ󻯳ɷĩɷɢƬǿ֮С
׵ʧˣһӴѹ˲䴩͸ƵĿռ令֣ıٿ
ţ򣿡ƸӦǻ׳ˣΪԼ𶯷˻𣬶ԷҲ׼˻йæʱ٣Ųƶȥ
ԭڵĿռȴٴƾըѣռ飬ڲİռ䱻ըӿγһԲľ޴ռڶ
ֻӹһƴƽ֮أȴҲڹ֮С
ǣ
ƿգռٶһ˲ʹﵽ
һƣѾʧǱըʱǧ֮£˵ء
ѾóԼֵĶ֣һ˿ûж֣һЩԲˣرʱͿռĵļΪٴȥҲòʲôô
ɷͨ򵥵һζսԼҲʶ
׷Ѱ촸ŲƵķƲͣԺУѾӦ촸Ĺܣ촸Դռ䣬ֻ̺Ҫõ촸ʲôףһ
ۻûзӳ촸ȴʮġ
ĴղУʧķ򣬷׷üͷ
ƺǰ۸Ѳµ˵
ͨʱ䡢ռ߷򣬸ͨĶ򣬳֮⣬ͨ߼Լмˮľ磬⣬ӵжʮԷһɳʹƷ˿̾һ
ô֪üһ
ķһֱڸƣһЩŭĶű˿ǶԱ˿ղûгֶ
ô˵Ϳ׵ĸܵƵȥˣķʲôΪѲԺ㻹ںϷ˫Ц
Ҫ£޹أ˿һһѾǧ֮⡣
˽󣬹ٴһˣڹעģ
ߣǱŻңΪҲ֪룬˭Ϊֻࣿϧǵķѳɳ뱾ںϵľ磬һ죬ҵķԴﵽ߼񾳽磬Ȼںϣ˿⡣
뵱Д൱ˣӵ
ǹģ취ǰɣڵٶȣͲ׷ƣ˵겻ˣ
ⲻҪץסƣķǾûõģҵǾãȫԼķǵӦڷҪõĶ֮ʱķƷôһκξͺˣ˵
ҲӦˣȻڽԼķںϣķλľ磬λ񾳽磬ķҲǸ߼Ҫ͵ϮƣӦòѰɣҲڰ
ףѵʸ˵ңλ˿ɶƵʦһ½Ҳпλ˵İæΪ֮ʱҲı֮ʱ˿ЦжŻס
ɫһ䣺ʲô˼λеĴͣأû½磬
٣㲻ҪǣƾͨȫʹþѪЯռ½磬Ƶıռ֮У
׳Ĭˡ
֪ʲôע⣬ȸ׾Ϊõ˷飿ŪֻϧǸͲͬģҲʹףҲ޷֪Ľ˵ķȥǾԲĵĶ㳨꣡˿֮ϣӡ
ܲܲҪˣǱӽ·׺͹ͬʱ˵

ûͣǿ֮УһʱҲ֪øʲô룬·Ʊ𣬶ķȴҵŮķ
ΪŮѾﵽ񾳽磬ԣնȥķλ£ԼķЩ˫ޡ
ڳԣܲٴһЩֻҪʮһаԸķۣԸĴףаյĶࡣ

ƵһŮԺ֮󣬷ŮڣҪ̽ռ䣬ͷַźȻ򿪣һ˹ŮӣȻ̤
ɫ˿ȹ𣬴ŸֽΣ΢΢ʹǺϼ
û뵽ŮӴĲŮһһҵ£ǰ


721 
òɵĲһ˵ĸоΪߵŮˣòûֻ̫֮ĸ顣
Ц
Ƶ˵ͷ
ƴ磬ͲҪȡЦˣڵҿǸо·ǳıŤһĲָֻ̧̬˫ۣǡ
ǺǺǣԺӦģһԴȤ
ˣ˵ˣƴ磬˵˫޿Բ飬ֱӽΪҪ˫ޣܴܲӦɫ˵
˫ޣһЩ⡣
ôҲҲһŮˣģעʲôǶ˵ˣ
ƤһЩΣǣǸ
ʲôǸģһ仰вУھͰҷųȥУھͿʼֱӰڣޱĶơ
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Ƶһڲԣ΢ЦһֻԵɣ
ŤƣĸͷƽӣĿʮֵķңҪβ˫ޣ
㲻ʲô֪𣿡
˵
ʵҲûʲô飬ֻҪǶؿ꣬аң໥֮ڵǳͻԶתȻͿԽˣ
ô򵥣ɣ۾ſ˫ۡ
ŷ·һеĲʶһ䣺лŮ
۾ŭƣ׼ƵȾһţӡڶˣ㻹ô
ǣؼһۣƽΪȷʵûתĸŮ˫ޣһЩ飬һЩԵ
ԲҲԱ֣֮ڲǿںϣһȻƣֻ໥Ͷ˲У֮£Զںһ塣
ңԼƺҲûŮ˵ľ˵꼴ʹˣҲ໥ĸ£Ҳ޷ﵽ˫޵߾硣
ƽ͸󣬲ĬˣѾǶӣһһԸģԣȻòϻָȴ˲ܸıġ
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ҳȥɣü˵
ûֱӾ뿪Ҹ֮ҡ
ŶֺȻ֣Ůǲ⣬Ҫѯʣͷֲһﲻ˷䡣
ô£̱סƵĸ첲
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˫޻Ҫʲô׼ֲ๫Ҫ壡ֹ̿š
ͺúõп࣬һֱаŮװԸҲԻɲ˲ܸıģƸŷ̵ͷ
Ŷ๫һҪòҵ촸Ӵҵ֮Ǹô죿Ĵ׷ɱǣӦǻزȥˣԺѵǾһֱε𣿡գգĽë
һһɣʱǻزˣҵ촸ܵõȥķˣʱǴֱȥ򣡡
ļԲԣѵͨɽʱ֮ţҲȥŮһϲΪҲǳڴȥ๫ļ磬ǵļҡ
õ촸Ȼ֪ܴӵԽ֮ǰȥ򣿡ƻصһ仰û˵²һҵ촸ǰļͺпָֻܻڻûýЩ׼
ٺ٣ĺ뿴๫еĵʲôأһ㽡
ȴҡͷ֪򲢲ôֻԼһҶĸ飬ȥˡ
ҲڴΪ뵽˵ܻвƾڵı£ȫһҿԽһĹϣʱ԰ҲС
ͬҲһֵǣǲĿԽһДˣѹƳΪˣȥ˵ҪϲĻԸȥԲԼŮԼһʧ֮С
ʱţƵı˲ƣȴҲƶᡣ
ʮꡭꡭǧꡭ
һգſһƬݵϣԣʮλŮӾۼڴˣĶǰ޴ӫ
ӫ棬һſŲתŵ塣


722 
๫о𣿡һƵĻУĿⶢӫ
Ƶ˵ͷסϸ֫촸쵽ˣ
Ĵأ˿¶ǵĿ⡣
ǲ׷ңȻǹȴֻĹǿһ˲ﵽκһ򣬿Ҫ˲ﵽǺһ򣬼ʹʮֿ϶Ļص
ΪΣŮĿƵϡ
Ϊһ촸һǾͻ֪˵Ŀֱⷢǰһ޵Ĺ㡣
Ů׷Ŀ
ԽԽȻʧˡ
ȡ֮һںĶÿһ˸;ͻһ֣ԽԽ󣬷·һβ͵ĺڰ
ˣɫһϲ
ƵıҲĶǰǸȻֹͣȴڳ̫֮Уֱǧĸ߶ȡ
͵һӴ֣ռ֮һȴһΪһϻˡ
촸ٴǿ֮Уֵûд𻨣ʱʱ֣ռԾһ㡣
磡׵Ӵ촸һԾ𣬳Хһ
Ҳ׷뿪촸Ƽ˹
ƽ촸ץ֮ҲƵǰ
촸ͬСֱΣͬʱһĻ棬촸ֱƵꡣ
ƾ͸оԴȻһըһԹȥӦ֮Ѿ仯о֮ơ
죿ƻ촸ԼĻ棬ԼӴϢ֪ԼżԨԴ˵ת
ЩѶϢ˲뵽֮УͬͬԴ
֮⣬ƻִ촸֮дһɼΪصԼ֮ڿռͱûϸһһЩϡ
ƲˣҲ֮о촸ԼֱۣĽ޷նϵ
ʶ촸֮󣬲ŷ촸ڲռޱȣ˵ޱ޼ʣֻǣû򣬶һλ棬ͬλ档
죡ǳŮ˫о˵ϲãƵǰ
һھϳ˶Է֡
ŮӺݺݵĵ˵ͷȴỨ
ֿ˱ųĿӣ
Ҳصĵ˵ͷ
׵ӣս죿
ӵͷ
򱳲˫СŮŮ
Ůͷ
ƵĿһ͵ϣ񣿡
ˣңۿʪ󣬴ǲϲвǺ伤
ս졢ŮҲΪεˣҲһͬԿ֡
ʱھѾ񾳽ˣǰ촸뿪
Ȼ۸˵ǣǱ촸
ʵ촸Ҫ˱ǻ羫ʯڲغӵмߵԣץסǼ֡
ǸʱҲĴɱģΪĴץס˷ˣԷ˵ҪЮۣĴ׽ԼɱȻҲ֪ԼԲΪٴĻ
һȥ촸õ֮󣬱֮ʱ
ڣҲòԼǸ۵ת۵һУм䡣
˵ֻǾ˳һΰˡ
Ǻ촸Դ޷ԽıǺͨڶǽҵ򣡡ưһ
˼һֱĳ˼ûдֻһԾĵȴš
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Ʊ۾˼˽顣
ʥΪ򣬵ڵ汻ΪʥʥĴķԴأڵϣǲǶкôСɲŵĿռͱһЩΪˣƿ֮磬൱ڴԼˣ
ڵɽ硢硢ú磬ɴ˶ģһλ棬û½ǳǳ֮Գ֣ΪߵĹͣһſǳһſ顣
ͨʱ֮ţҪ򣬾ͱҪԼķ顣
ǲ֪ģһ̤ʱ֮ţֽ⣬ͻԶ磬ռּ⣬õķͶ½ǿ֮С
ԣĴԣһȥʥǣͻͨˡ
˽⵽Щ֮һЩңҿҵ촸Լɵͨɽϵʱ֮ŵԼȥˣȴˣ
´ǳޱ޼ʣƺȻһãȻҪλ񣬲ͳӴǿգʹһŷ飬ܱϰٿΣ磬жˣ


723 ǳ֮
Ͼȥʥˣ֮ǰǸһɣưһ
ҲҪ磬֮⣬ûаǶԿ
ȥ˵Ȼױɽĸַ֣ɽЩʥҲη壬ɽ൱ʥҲȥ򣬾ͬ񲻻뿪һһƽ⣬˭ܴơ
ֻҪʥ߷桢̻ʲȥڵʥƾͲηκˡ
ƿ˿ǰˣֳ˳ǿա
һ֣촸˳ȥ촸ֱֱ˳£ͷϣʼתš
죬ҪʲôǳŮӺ
һǾ֪ˣĴ׻׷ңһΣҲӵģһ֮վ촸ϵƺȻ̽˫֣ǧͱĿռ֮ٵŲơ
ժ֣˶һ
缦һ㣬ƵϣƬ̣ͽ촸ĸʼ촸תת
ץס촸
һŽһš
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ҿԵƵǿ
һſƵУͷ·һӣӡ
󷨲óɹһ̣һ֣ʮŮӷ׷׳ԡ
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һ̣Ǿ͸ˣΪʮŮУ˵֮⣬Ȼ˷Ҳȫ񼶱
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ΪǴŮƵУѾõ˴𰸡
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ȥˣһΪŮնȥ֮ǵķҲܿʹﵽ񾳽磬˷飬֮󣬷նΪ
ˣƵʮҲȫ룬ɹĸ˱Ҹ֮ҵλˣŮ
һ·ЩŮӣֻ˰ʱ䣬׷׽Ϊλ֮˫֮£꣬ͬɹĽ񾳽磬Ѿʼնȥˣƽһֵ˫ޡ
ƵһĻƺһͬ㣬ǾߵŮر࣬һæڡˡֻƿе˶Ƿˡ
ҲеԭʼԣԶ
ʮŮӣÿѾʮλټΪ׽ķ̡ȣһʮŮÿ˶ʮ󸴻ʮŮӣȻնȥķûнǱȴѾﵽ񾳽硣
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ߵһһʮ˸
һһʮ˱͵һһʮ˿֮ϣƵ£һЩƹͬ
󳹵׳֮󣬴ҶһָоǾҲûʲôԻԼˡ
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Ⲣûнֻһٺȣ
ħȺ裬ƵȻ֫⣬һٶŷ촸ĸ
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䡢׻Ĵ󿰱ȸ߼ʥ촸ĸλ
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һ֣޴󷨿ʼٻǳҲʼ󻯣ģͻһˣһģһ
СƷ·ԭ˱壬濴ֻһװ˵ߣֲݣǣ˭뵽ƵڻװŽӽʮŵأɲװ£ǲõ󷨡
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֪ʱƾȻǿոӦˣȻԵӦģƿԿ϶ԼĸӦϢʲôĴףʲôʲôޣ
һﻭ棬ûӳƵʶ
ֻǣƬ޴ǳռһһҲ޷̽ǾǣͼȫʱһӴܴɢһ϶ƵԺȥ


724 ʥռ
˭ƼæջʶȴûеõκεĻ
˵½࣬ĴԣѵϿſٵĲл겻ɣƸܵǹɻӦĿ¡
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ƴһӣֱӽ׾͸ץС
ɫ󾪣λ˰Ƶðȴһţһ֮Ȼȫ˸С
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ҲˣɣҵڻĴףǿԻĴԴ֮ҹ󣡡΢Ц
ЦȴǰĿ¡
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Ǻܿͷһжͽͣʲôطǹ֮ûʧһƬµǳռ䣬ֱӾʧȥʶ
ͷһһƣ㲻ɱңɱңȸ׾Ҳ
ʱȻȥǣңû˸ɱǣҵʦǾʦƻּ䣬Լڡ
һǱ˿ı
˿ʱҲǳη壺Ҿȹ㣬㲻ɱң
ʵҵӦǸ˿ˣȴǣԽеļ˿֮УҲܵڵıԴ֮ǲŹģɣ
֣̽˿Ҳץסˡ
ĴȫʧȥʶеֻǷܣΪڿռָ߼
ޣоʥأǺǺǣٴһЦ
ѰƵĶ޶˺Ȼ͸оܿռһͣһ̣ǳ任֪УǾͱŲƵƵڣʱǣɵɵĴܣԡ
ŭħĸҲԵһͬ߰ɣǵĳɾҪиһЩ
һֱ֮ӾƬǺУ̤һſڶƾš
֪ȥ֮ôһزǸʱ䣬ǻصǧ֮ǵΣڵĵʲôӣ
ڶ֮ʱͿռ䶼ǴҵģÿԻصǰɣһһ˺ڶ֮С
ž޴˺֮ƾͷָͲڿռʱĸˣûκεķѰΨһľǽźڶƮ
еķҲ֪ķ󷨸߶ת
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һ죬ƾ͸оȻһᣬȻһǿ˳ȥ
²鿴һƬǳռ䣬̧ͷ䣬һ޴ĺڶ״תš
ʱƾͷִӺڶзɳһһֱľ޴
׳֮󣬺ܿ˵ܵС
ƺ˼֮УӺڶ
٣ڶȻǵǲ֪ҵôȥģҡҡͷʶչͼ̽ǳռ䡣
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ںηаһ
ܿ죬д𰸡
Գһ磬ӵԼݣȷλ
һŲƣ뿪˺ڶ
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ѵģһصΪҲήͣƶѹӿʼĴŲƣСŲƣԾ
ԽԽˣڵҲʼԭĹ·һεҪ֮УƳİһ
ء
һ죬ƵȻ֫⣬ӽʮɢƬǿ֮С
һ̣ͷ·һ㣬Ǽ㱬ѣǿҵĹâʮűɢɢ䡣
뿪򣡡촸ϵƴһ
˷׷״ϷŲ촸֮ϡ
ߣ
ʧȥ˴ƸоɵĶˣڵĴ׺ˣĨȥʶ֮ɱڱ֮С
һֶ̣Ƭ˵ǱԽԽ·ʶκαװʹƸղŵڿռ䣬ϿֻбСӲ֪
ƵļУ֮£γ˼ʹò໥ײʯƼٵķУγ꣬Ѥʡ


725 ط
򣬴İڹ᳹һǧѵһ꣬ľֻа
ȻһѲĹâӸ߿һѧУ԰Ĳٳϡ
ֻоԴһѣ֮󣬷ߵŮȵĿԼеƣôˣ
һλͤͤŮһ۰ɫȹϸ񣬹ɢ磬ϵƵıǿס
ϤףƵȦʪˣ˵ֱӾͽԷ˻С
Ůһ벻ƻͻȻӵԼź˫ۣʹ޷ѣĴӽӲʼƵĻС
ڵƣѾǵϵˣҲ˵Ѿ϶Ϊһ
ƽ̤ǣڳڵ򸽽֮󣬱㽫ߵŮ˿ռ֮ڣ򻯳һâûƵڡ
ϲǣصʱȻ͵뿪ʱһסеŮ֮󣬸о·һΣһαǧꡣ
֪ʱΪλᵹȴ֪ӦǸڶЧ
ط·ص壬ΪΪڣΪд棬ĻΪֻһΡ
þãŷſ˻еŮȻ֤ŮȻҲڶ檣ǰŮһЩ
̧ͷ˿գѾȥʧӰ١
ֻˣɽ磬ںηưһ
ŮƵĻУֻʵƣϲ𣿡
ϲֱ³֣ǣȴìΪ֪ȥŮ˵Ůӵ顣
ŮҸŤŤˣƱøһЩҸ֮ɫֻа㻹Ǹһܴ󵨣Ȼûұףֱӱˣ
ѼѣղԺʲôǰɣƱˣԼȻһЩӦˣεƿŮЦʵ
ŮѼѣ˵ͷ
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ǺãͷȶˣҾȥ㹫˾ڵĵطҹƵ
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Ͳش𣡡ѼѽŤŤֻȴڰѾˣڲ֪ʣˣ
Ҿ͵ǴӦˣ˫һνѼѱ˻Уͷûκ׼Ĵꡣ
Ѽһ£ȴֵסƵĽԹԵſ˱ݣƵԡ
ڷ㣬Ƶеѡ
ѼѻָǣƵһԣɬѧ˻ῴģ
ٺ٣Ǻãһû˵ĵطЦ
˭ƽʱʵģû뵽ԭҲǸåѼѼŭϵĺθࡣ
һڱǰģֻŮѵǰŲ
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͵ˣҪˣ
㣡
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ѼҲͣΣ˵죬Ұᶫڹ˾һסҴȰѶȥҪϰˣ
û⣡Ƽæͷ
Ѽ¥ȥ
ɵɵĿʧıӰƵɫתΣûлԼᣬٳȥ
һٳ̨¥ϣңǵǳȴȽϸӡ
˵мʹДҲʧȥһΪƵΪȴȫڣ˿ռ֮ѹ⣬ʶչɿԽǣ׵ϵһȻܸԺ֮С
ʱ׵Ĵﵽͨɽĺڶ²󣬶źڶѹֱɽ硣
ѾݳƬǿУһĸڶͨĴ硣
ȥҪѼ𣿡ưһΪѼֻһˣʱǺ߾ġ
Ҳõѡ񣬳ʱҪԼͬһҾһط˰ɣҲҴﵽʥһĽҲȫ򿪣ʱ򣬼ʹصɽ磬Ҳûмκˣ
ţûиӣɸͥ͸һפյԺУ֪ĽΪ壬ˣĸĸﵽʥ֮طɽ磬ȥǸʴۣǰɺޣɣ뵽绹иĸףԼˣ¶˾֮ĿԵø䡣


726 һֻƽ
ƿԿ϶ԼΪӦñДһЩƾ촸ȫѹҲʥˡ
ʥ֮ڣӦûһξ롣
ֻǣҪγΪʥƸͲ֪
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ʣµĻ϶ֻʥ˼սڵƲ˶١
ɽһĻĻľ϶Ҫĥ˾ĸ
ʥ³֣ӲٳĿ̨ʧ촸ڲռС
Ҹ֮ҡɹҲ촸֮ڡ
лĳɳżĺôġ
رҸ֮ңϵĴ촸֮յĻǰ˸«ҲٵѾĺ«˶ˣʲôһ㣬ֻڵľȴ̽鲻ȥ
๫ǲǵϼ𣿼ǸŮ𣿡ŮΧ£Ƶߣ˫ޣȻ֪Ƶ¡
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ǻð죿ǳȥ๵ͨͨˣҲŲ񣬻㲻һˣһЩĻص
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๫㲻ֱӾͽʥ˼ǳɲʥѾҪˣԺ󶼸ߣֻҪԱˣȥɽ磬๫֣ǽúúõĽѵѵǸĸѩǣվƵһ࣬ѩҲѾﵽ񾳽磬֮ĸҲѾʧˡ
ǺǺǣ֪ĸɲôöԸģɽռĸƿأȻֻ൱ľɾ磬սȴ൱ʥˣ˹˶٣Ǻ϶ǳԿ
ɣôûԲҲŲţҳ˳
һϣԶԸϾȸ˿ĸѾﵽ˸߼񾳽磬Աûģĸɽصģɽ粻ĸͿԲֻܽӡѹĸȴ֧֣кüʥˣĴˣǻҪһЩ
Ŷô죿ɽ˻𣿡
ǿ϶ģ㣬뿪ɽѾһǧˣҲüˣ
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˵һǧֻ꣬ڵʱ䣬ͨĴͨǿµģʱռ治ͬԽУԷʱĸı䣬촸δԽǶʱ䣬ǿԺԲƵģɽ˵ֻ˶̶ˣ¶Цݡ
ô֣๫ʱ䲻ǲܵ𣿡ɻΪӵʱ䷨Ȼûʱ䷨飬սѾȸ߼ˡ
Կ϶ܰʱ䷨򵽴ɾ磬ԿԴﵽʥ֮
ΪǵΪﲻʱ䵹ľ磬һԣʮֿ϶
ƣһȭȻһ̧ȭͷ׼ƾһȭ
һ㶣ȴûжܣֱӾͳ˲һ

ƵɶȥɫĶŲռ֮
Ѿˣԭһ磡ƣЦ⻹Ҫл㣬Ϊڵǳռ䣬һ򲻵ռ֮
ģƺ
ǻףѧ£Ѩλһſ飬ȻǿתתȻȻľܲռ֮ˣڻûдɣ㲻춼ҹصҪȥرҹҶ۲۲ʥǳ˶켣ȻһһһЩ̬ҲѾŮ̬ʮˡ
ȻԣţҿǶҪȥˣΪ촸ıֱӴԽڶû·飬ͨɽʱ֮ţΪڣӦòʲôΣգһҲõᣡ
ǣôһȥʲôɣҿ˿ڽá
˵أ϶鷳ڻܳȥͷӦûмĻʶɣȥչչΣȿܲŪһʻƽȻȥһ¥ʱٸһЩķװԺͿˡ
˵գͽɹ˳
չεģ㲻ͿŪƽ𣿡Ů
ǰ͵һţһһ׼Ľשͳǰ
ŪһְɣƹƲ֮ջƽȥлǮȥ


727 Ʒ
Щ֮ƺȻǸĺʬ塣
ֽ̧ʬҸ֮ңԼǰ֮£кܿ츴ƤǸɿݵģǾӨ񣬽ʮԸһʩչʱо濪˫
ŮˣҲǺ棬վƵԣš
Իһᣬܿվִţʸλʩǣ
ҵļң㱻Ҹˣܸܲңôȥģôģ˵ţͽ𲧸˳ݸ˺С
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գѼѻػ㿪˵ѼŴӦŮѵģôʲô𣿡
죬û㣡Ʒɶٺһŭơ
һЦͱˣ֪ηҲ뿴ѼҪӦԡ
Ʒɣ˵ģŮѣ㲻ҪôףƣߣѼ˼ֻһƵĸ첲ƹƷɾ˹ȥ
ѼļŮˣҲһЩɵۣҲ벻ѼΪβҪ߸˧Խݵѡ
Ʒɼˣŭ֮࣬Σһؽγ֮󣬲ͨһ绰ҲǸʲôˣ
һ仰֮͹Ҷ˵绰뿪ֻǵƺѼѵ֮󣬻̲סһۣСӣб£ҵŮˣ
˵ʲôѼѾŭţƷɣ˭Ůˣ˵עһ㣡
ƷɲǼӿٶȣȥ
Ʋû⣬治ɫѼѲС
ѼѼɫ죬ʵôƷʲôˣ
ʲôˣƷ·Ȼķʵ
Ѽѳ̾һǱɸƣѾˣ㲻ҲʶɣѧոĻ᳤
ѧ᳤治ʶҲǽҵձҵгˣǮˣƺ˵


733 
ԺϿɲУƽʱͱ˽ҹף˼ҿǸϰֿǴˣ˵ûǮѼѲĵһۡ
ԭǸҵŮѺܻӭأٺ٣ѼѣΪʲôѡҵѣ
Ϊʵ£ƷѧУʱ򶼲֪ٸŮˣ˭ϡΪǵˡƣҸ㣬ҴӦŮˣԺҪúŬҪȻȢң
ǵȻЦܿͣ½ŲĿĿѼѣѼѣԺǲԸ޸ң
ѼѱΪڿЦڽӴƵĿ֮ȻоһѹæƵĿ⣺ҪŬŬˣһұˣô죿
ߣƵŮ»û˭ߵģѼѣղǲˣָֻЦ
˭ŮˣˣôѼѶ
ûдǸƷɣƷɵĶҲûᣬ᲻ңˣʧˣЦЦʵ
Ѽһͣû뵽ƾȻ³˸ղֻԼһͷæҡҡͷûУҲʶûҪһʶ
ǺǣûΪǸͲһεģûκεĿɱԣҲԼ̫ԣҲûбҪ֪˭ʲô˻ص
ҲĻΪƲ̫˵йҲ᲻ѼŮԼҪһأǣԼ̫Ҳá
Ǻ׸һģֻҪѼãô֮¾ͿȴˣȴͿľĴﵽʥ֮
ڵսȻߣľȴһ㣬ľǣҪΪʥ͸ˡ
ԣԼ̫˲ϸ𣬺쳾һУ֮󣬾ͺ԰Σȴ
Ϊ֪ԼԸΪŮĴڣ޷ʥѣֻСȴһְ취й
ѼüĿг˼ᣬȻƿеĻ˷棬֪ƶһкĶģƵŵ֮һ
Ҳ֪ƺڷȷʵûпɱԣһ˽ƷɵŮӣ϶ҲᱻƷģ֪ԼԲᣬԼ̸̸ѡδɷ
ͷҸһ¥һѧУſڴ򳵣·ÿԿϲһʱҾֱˣƼѼѳĬȻЦ
ͳɣ˲֪㣬һ֪أˣͬѧҪΪǮΪһӦŮѽ
ǰѲɾΪʵ۾
ѼҡҡͷҲ֪ΪʲôҾǸоڲͬһʱرİϲһĸоԵְɣģǮ˲𰡣ҲŲϡ˵ΪʲôҪŮѣ
Ϊϲ㣡ƻشĺܼ򵥡
Уɲ
ǡΪƯ
۹⣡
͵ЦС
ѼķϰĹ˾ҲȽϽСҲܸɾ¥һһһٶ飬ѾѼʰĺࡣ
¥֮ѼѾˣϣĶƣƣôоһ㶼ۣصİ¥оƵģѵ򣿡
һЦѵƭ㰡
ҼУѼѺȻ˼飬ǰץסƵĸ첲
㲻۰ͷٽ㣡Ƴ˳Ƚխķ֮󣬿и̾ѼѣʲôʱԼ¥ۣ·㶼ûп̫ⷿСˣ
㻹氡ڸոѧȥŪǮӣ¥أ֪ҡһ¶ҪٶأҪ빫˾Ҷ⣬ԼķӣǵԺ׬Ǯˣˣ
Ʋûе£Ѽϵ㺹΢˼һַڴóʱѾһµɫСƿ
ףʲôѼһѾץ˹ȥ
һţЦ
ѼѼæƿȥһǿףһ̣ѼѾ͸о˷·Ʈƿգȫë׶ſˣ̰Ŵƿ֮д
ʲôѼ𾪵
͸ģһյţ˵֮ԸʡഺǵʱҲܺͶʮһ
УƭȥɣѼЦĿԳԣ
˾֪ˣ
ѼѴƿ浹һҩ裬âȴѷȻǲɫģӨ͸֮ѼѾȻóˣʲôĿԳԣ
ڼ԰ɣƿ֮󣬾ͺҩЧʧģѼѵ󣬾ͽҩĿС


734 յ
ȻڼѼѾ͸оڷ·ʲôζһЩȣܿð麹ֻ麹һЩںĶȳζ
⣿⣿ѼѾȵĿԼֱϵգΡ
ڵգϿȥϴ裬һ͸оǳɣѼѵĺ󱳣ͽƵϴּ䡣
ֱСʱ֮ѼѴϴּţƣùһ·
˵㻻ʲô·Ұң
ˣҲԼУ
ЦЦûȥѼѵӣ˫չһִŮʽ˯¾ͳϣڵ⣬һļ÷ţѼѲУƾͽ·˹ȥ
㣿ƣʲôʱ׼·ʱûдɣѼѽӹ·ֹ֮˷ţȻ֮Ѿͨ
ϴʱҸոȥģ
ɣղųȥˣ
ţֻ˯£ƽʱڼﴩģ
·оܺãţǴ˿񣬻ģ۸Ӧúܸ߰ɣ˵䣬ѼѾϴּ˳ܽسˮͷϻˮƤӨ͸ͬµӤһϸۣһ۰ɫװ˯£滹к衣
ﻹ·ָָɳ
㣿ȥ·˰᲻򰡣һƭô죿Ѽѵûʲôɬˣæܹȥɳϵ·С
Ȼ涼ûκαǩѼȴ֪ÿһ·ļ۸϶ƣָȫԼǰ·Ȼͬʹȥţһĸоκˮܱģǿ㵽꣬㵽
Щ·ȻõģĴڣģ˵·͵ӵ˱ˣǹ룬ˮ֣ҾԲմȾκλҳ
㣿ЩǮͷҪ㣬ҿɲܻ̫ǮԺˣѼѾϲ֮󣬱üͷ
ȱ·ˣȿԼû䣿ƷѼѵ˫磬Ƶһ澵ǰ
ѼһԼ˫ɵԲң
ʱѼѣҲҲκε覴ãòһЩ΢Ѳı仯øףʲͬնǰ˾Լ
ԼգѼɲţ⣿ʲôҩ裿ϴʱ򣬸оϺ࣬ûˣƤĸˣҩǲǺܹ󣿡
Ц
ҩģѼתһӱסƵڴʵ
ⶫмУٶǮ򲻵ƻ治֪λش
ôŪģ㡭ѵʦҼǵǰ˵һΪʦĺбأѼѾ϶ԼĲ³
һ£ΪҲ֪Ǹ˭Դӻ֮ʶȴѾӦǸʦˣѾˣҲ֪ȥǸˣ
ǿϧҪǻڵĻȥ򼸿ţѼƵƤһ£ſ֮·ҡ
ܿ죬һɫ˶װѼѳƵǰԵø崿ף𴵷һߴԼͷһ˵㻹ûлش·Ǵأôûм·ģǺüǧһҲû·á
·ûģҪ
㣿ѼѺȻعͷȵĿƣ˵·ǰģ
ƺˣĲ˵ѣҪĻΣֻܵ˵ͷ
Ϊ˭ģɲҪ˵ΪңҿϲŴӦŮѵģ
üǰͶˣʱҾʹ͸ģ
ģѼ΢ЦƵߣͲҲӦŮѣⶨ·û
ҵŮѣҶ͸ģЦЦ
㻹ͦĵģҲôľګ·Ӧúܹɣ㻹һζüһ˶Ǯ
ʵ׼ȷ˵ӦҲǸˣͷЦΪ֪ѼѶǮûǱȽصģԺѼѡ
ѼɻĿƣȻƸԼԵǿмеҩ衣
ʦߵʱһǮӦùһӻˣţ㲻ҲҲˣ
˭ҪǸѼѱĵƵǰץסƵ˫ˣҼǵǰң㸸ĸֻǹ˾СְԱѵƭң
ѼѻǲƵʦ̫ǮҲڵ̯ˡ
ʦҵģȻȥȡһ֪жǮˣ㲻˵㲻ϲǮ𣿡ƺЦ


735 õ
ģѼɻȴֱܿ˭˵ҲϲǮҲϲ˵ǮԼѵȻԽǮԽҿɲԼѱ˿⣬ʹûǮҲģ
ԭһֽѼѱ˻У֮£ƾĵͷȥ
Ѽһȴı۾
˫һ󴥵ĸоãƺܿ˷ӦסѼѵС˫Ѿʵ
Ѽһʧкܿѣæ뿪ƵĻͨͷûиɣҴͷ
Ҳ֪Ѽ֮鲻ܼУҪȵѼ֪Լ߻һЩŮУȷʵԽ
ȻᣬȥʦҶȡѾǰ͹ˣӦÿ쵽ˣ
ţãѼѵ˵ͷ
߳ţ̾һֱ֮ʧ¥£˫ֽӡƾһȽϴֳּ䣬ֳĳͳһɫĴӣһֻƽ
ҪǴгֳ϶޷صһֵˣľȫһ
Ūģر鷳ʱúѼѽˡ
ͣһᣬֳͣ¥£¥
ѼѼ˫ֿտգɻ㲻ȥȡ˼һû𣿡
ǣѾˣ¥أ̫أãһһȥУѶǮ
ʲôȻҪȥ
ܣٺ٣һ֪ˣ
ѼԽæʰһƵĸ첲ȥߣھȥڿ쵽ˣ˳һԷţ㻹ҪһЩճƷȻͷԼڼ
¥֮ѼѿǰֳͨʦĶʲô
Ѽᳵİ᲻أʲô
򿪿֪
ѼɻĴȴԽԽͣ󾪽һƽ𣿡
Ƶ˵ͷ
öƽʦôôƽ㣿ȻͰôƽ¥£㣿ѼѷԼѾ޷ʱˣʵˣƵ￴κεļôƽֻΪƽ֮һѧУ﷢飬оԼԽԽˡ
ѵĲǮѼѰһɫָ࣬Ķơ
㿴Ҹʲô߰һȥǮų棬Ǳ߾ͺУڳϣЦЦ
ŶѼŬŬ죬ȴʮָӣʱҲôƽ𵽵жˣûȥΪʲôôɵĵŽ̤ʵƣ˵ôǮôã
Ǹ˵㿴һ¥ȽϺʣǾ
㻹Ҫ¥
˵ô죿Ҳ֪ô죬ӦŮ֮Ҿ;ԼʲôҲȱˣ
㣿˰ѼбסƵͷƵĺ󱳡
ֵһĻͳˣһŽ̤һΪɵɾŮŮŮȴҸ¶˿ŵֻһõĽ̤
Ⱥ޲Ĵˣͷ̾ŮŮӣȻԸڽ̤ϣǸеĳҲ̫˵㣬Ů񻹺ҸǸŮΪʲôҾأ

˺ܿһǰѼ˳֮ƾͽ̤ͣͣλ
ɾʱһʻӳ̽һףŭιι˭ƳŲŲͣλ̤ͣĵطߣ
գûʲôҲһ˶ųҪ뿪ԪȴﲻѾ϶бµˣƵԸֻ̫ʵˣʵĶһųĸоһܳԿԺ᲻ᱻƭˣʹƭҲ۸
ԣԪһץסƵĸ첲Ըľͷģҵĵطô׸ʲô
ֻǿѼѵıӰһѼתʱ;ˣ仹Ů
Ѽѵŭ֮˷ܣһֿĸоæصṲ̊ĲͣҸղҲǶף㿴طҲûͣλˣߵǸеİѳŲŲҰѳͦˣԸһЩǮһõҲף֪
ǼõģǮ˲𰡣Ѽֵ˶ԷһۣץסƵĸ첲һ𽫽̤Ƶſڡ


736 ޷һ
ſڵıһƽֹ̤ͣſڣæǰطͣͣǱߣ
Ŷģ⳵һЩܲҼ˰Ұ棿Ѽѿ˵
һѼѣҲǰһæ΢Цǰʲô
ӣȷʵܳɻ浽ʲôҪΥƷǲܴģ
һЩƽ𣡡ЦЦ˴ӡ
ƽ𣿡ˣ˶һôҲ벻һŮȻһõ˽ôƽſڡ
ôƽҲ֪ԣþȫҲ᲻æƵλС㿴ûƽͽȥˣ
һѼЦЦҾô𣿸ղ˰ҵõģ˼ΪǰͶģ
ʵԼҲ֪Ϊʲôûдﵽʥ˼Ļһ۾ܿĲͬͺñһҩͽѼѵʸ崿ףѾʥˣȺ棬˲ϳ
ҲΪոշؼԵʣ˾ͬԼ˻˵ǿԼĺӣȻҲͲȥʱͨûκ
ƶʮַȫ߱Ѿֻǿˡ
Ѽȴص飬ǻǮ֮ȥ򼸼·ҲǵģҶ·ˣΪʲôԼҲñ˿⣡
һṦ򣬾ʹĸԱŮһӦǸڿ˻ƽ֮ʼԸִ㽫ƽ³
һ޷ƽ̧
ʱ򣬸ղſǸҲſڣһѼҲͣŮʲôҪҪæ
ãѼҡҡͷͲԷе˵һӰ᲻꣬Ǿͷֿᣡ
ãȴЦһӣ߽С
ղû̧ļܿǾͷֱӽһصĽשȫᵽ˹̨ϡ
С㣬ˣǾ֪Ѽʵ
ѣǻƽģѼҲܿС
գŷԼ˶ԭ˲ǴæܽУƵߡ
ǴֱûƽлǮҰɣ˵ġ
ţ
ǻҵң
ʱѾĶˣŻƽͬʱһ԰ţٴ
ѼѺһͬ˹ңղǸ׼ڨȴɻæסһδʱ뿪ĹԱСղǸ˵Ĵװʲô
ƽ𣡡
ƽ𣿶٣
ٽɣûмôĻƽûܰᶯ
ɶ˰ɣٽƳȻٽĻƽʯͷһţֳ˳ſڵĽ̤
˭֪ȽȥСŮҲƿ˹ҵš
һţСһʲôһ֣
˶񿴹һƣһֻƽǿǧȻɵˣʲôӣȻԳһֵſڵֳܳص𣿲ңǴŪôƽģһְҲŴٶ֣һǧ֣
㿴ܸҶǮʵ
һ£ڹʻƽ۸ÿ˴ʮ飬ղƽǴҲһ£İٷְٴ𣬴ſԶһǧ򣡡
ٶࣿĻƽζİٶˣ̫˰ɣѼƺԻƽ۸Ƚ˽һЩԾһЩ˵
һһЩΪǻƽΣ۸һЩǽשȻѾûʲôˣǣԺǻýȥשڵȻ¼⣬ңУչƽļ۸ǰչʵг۵ģ
ѼҲ֪⾭˵ĻǼٵģϾЩƽ𻹵˵㣬ֻܿơ
ȴں۸ΪƽҪپж٣˵䲻ģҪûƽҶЦǰ˵ļ۸ɣͷҾͲҪˣֱӸУڣ
⣿Ϊˡ
ôˣ
ڻûôֽ𣬲ң滹вٳҪߣƽҪȥٴμ⣬ʵһǲ˽չƽģֻĻƽ̫࣡λоѾðˣΪоһüͷĶ᲻һ£ʲôԭԼ
ֻ˴ʵʽ𣬼ʹͷģ֪óôƽˣԲһ㣬ʹǰɵӣ˱˾Բɵȥģ˵ǰһŮӡ
˼˵ڰ첻ףҽ컹òǮ𣿡Ʒʵ
˵ͷʵصǻҪЩƽڻһ֤ЩҪ


737 Ǯ
ô鷳ǸղŲǼˣѼҲо鲻еôס
ֻҲ涨㵽ҲҪߣһ˴ʻƽǹֱӳ棬Си޷һ֪ܿͨϼ쵼ģ
üͷ֪ô鷳Ͳôˣҡҡͷˣֱȥĵ䵱УЩƽٻĸڣ
˵ţ˰Ҫ뿪
ǾһصĻƽƵƵģ˿ĭ˵ʲôҲû˵Ϊ֪Ѿ޷ˣһκһ©޷е
֪ȴ˵һ仰ƽ̫ˣ֪ͶһЩˣŪٶ֣Ӧ黹һЩ
е˼ȫȻ

Ҷ˶飬֪ԭǮҲһ鷳¡
ֻǶ˸ճУղǸ˾׷ѼѴڨŮлƽ𣿡
ôˣ
в㻻ɣҵƬһһƽ鱦꣬԰һʵĻƽ𣡡˵ݸѼһŽɫƬ
Ѽѿ˿ȷʵĳĳ鱦˾Ƭһ㣬нߣԾ͵ݸơ
ЦĿ԰Ƕһƽ𣿡
ȻȻƣŮǰҪװŴȡ
ǰ·һȥ
Ů㿴ֳ˳Ѽѡ
ѣ˵ôô죡
üͷʱȴĥţѣ˵ѣϹҲҪ֣
æкԼĻƽ鱦ȥҵԱߣʮףܿС
ƷԱȷʵʮֵĹƣ۾
ֻǣƽһٻƽڼص֮۾ɵˣҲȻΡ
۾ȴЩƽģʹø߾ܵһŷ֣ЩƽĴѾȫﵽ˰ٷ֮٣ʲôľŻƽ𶼸
۾㿴ЩƽܰҶһ˰ɣƷһ䡣
⣿۾˿ĭôƽѾȫԽƽ鱦ˣ¥
ЩƽģΪʲôоô᣿㲻Ūٰɣ۾ò˵
ʲô˼ѼѶŭҪǲԸһھߣ
ûûһһҴûм˴ĻƽֻǣͷȽϽʽҲ࣬ɣҸһһ֣㿴ôÿ˰İٵļ۸񣬲ȥǵѣ
ܶһ٣Ʒʡ
ǧ򣡡
УԼưɣٸҽһЩչĵطٲĺôƿ˵
۾ڷ֣ȴڰϻļһôǮõԼ𣿾Ȼһƽ̤԰ڰɣеľͷ϶ᱻ̸ôһĻƽȻûҪ
۾ȻӦˬ죬ҲƵ˺óһʱ䣬۾ֽ˼ңæһ磬һֻƽǿ㶨
緹ûй˵ϳԵѼѣȻûһоƴѼ˷ܵϾѾһֵõģΪһǮƴ浽Ѽѵп档
һصңѼֱӾͽ˵ɳϣѹƵϣ˷ܵǰҸŵˣ
ٳȥתתƸѼѵ˫ֱסѼѵЦ
Ѽһ㶣㻹У
Ҫ٣Ʒʡ
ʲô˼ѼѶʱüͷԵúܲˡ
أƸѼѵգֻҪ㿪ľͺã
˵ǲǻƽʦʲôˣΪʲôôƽ𣿡
ŶʦʵһĹģţӦǵĹģ˵ڹһŴĹкüʮֻƽ⻹ʲôҹ鰡񰡣ڣ˿£ööֵܼ࣬Ӧһǧڰɣ
ѽİѼѼæ˵ôƽʦˣ
Ƶ˵ͷ
ˣôǮˣװ㶼һ㲻˷ܣˣôһ㷴ӦûأѼѴ
Ǯ֮׷ǮʵһʦѾ𻯳ˣˣƿ컨壬װģ
ˣѼѰƵͷоûзգӦò˵һ뵽ͷļڣѼԼͷݺݵԼĸ첲Ρ
ôˣǮˣ㲻֪ôˣʵҲ֪ҪôǮʲôƳ̾һֻҲڰĻǿĥĥ


738 
ȻôǮԺˣ˵㻹ô࣬ͷЩǮ͹ǻüˣϢܰǳԺʲôƢôˣ˷㣬㶼һЦԼҲͦɵģȻųԭĴƷɺ㲢һˮƽߵˣƷûкȵʸ񣡡
Ѽѿɳϣ˫ۺмҲǮˣǰǮ˵ˣã
ĺȴ֮ͦյĸˣƵ۹һûŲЦԺǵҵģ˵ʲô͸ʲô
ʦЩƽ𶼲غûУ˻᲻͵ܣѼѺȻֽ
ᣬֻһ֪ҲֻҲȡɲҪǣѧϰʦĺö౾죡
㶼ѧһЩʲô˵˵
治˵·˵ɣƳסѼѵӣҲ֪Ūһʹһ
ѼһǺܿ췢·Ȼ
ѽ·ʦģѼѵһƵʦ
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֮һֱĵҹѼƵߣԶǳЦҲ֪ǲΣΰɣλͦʵģ֪һǲһֱԭƣԺ㲻ܲҪң
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͹ˣ˭ˣߣԺҵĻʹߣȻҾԺ޸㣬ľһҪУҪȻʹԺˣҲźģѼ˵ţ´ȥϴȥˡ
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742 ץɹ
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ƵĻ䣬·ͬһЦǲҪȻΪΪҪ죿ΪһӶֻˣźյŵϱʲôʸۣһͨɻһֱռ۱ɣ
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ǾҼǵۣȻҿʲôǶԸΪۣһ̫Ͼ
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744 ̫һ
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ȻаһЩļƷ鱦ɽ绹ġ
֮η̫ϾΪе̫ͼ̫ͼƷĻ鱦Ϊǿ츫ĸͷ츫ĸлɵ̹ᦣɵĻӡ
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̹Ÿɵ鱦ȴʮη塣
̹ԪʼУǶ̫һİ鱦
Ҳ˵ɽ磬˺֮⣬Ҳη̫ϾԪʼͶ̫һˡ
ɽʣµˣƵû̫ϣ򲻹ȴбı죬õĻᱻɱӶ
ʱ̫ϾвƣҪƷӡʵǳ˵ӡ˵ǽƸɱˣȻֻתͶ̥ƽ̥Եֻ֮У޷ָǰ䣬δɳ֮ǰƸɱȻһɱһΡ
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ԷȻҲڶƣĿԣƴӶԷвѿе볰
ĸͶ̫һһһҶ˱֮ϣ˵ǰơ
Ӵ˵˭ˣԭ찡ĸЦһЦ
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ǺǺǡ죬飬ǿɲ½ķˣ÷˵һԼңĸҪ޸˭ͼ޸˭ֲСС˵ĸЦ
ǰʥֲô֧㣬̫һʥ˶ݵȹ£̫һѵôñùĶ𣿹ͬЦһɫĶ̫һ
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أ̫һҲһ죬ֹûУɽۣ㣬ǣҲϣң֪Թһ߾ô꣬ûо۵ΣĽսĴĴ۶ҪμӣѵĴɽȥμĽս
Ŷô˵Ϊ˱Ҳŵɽ۵ģǲҪܸлأ˫ۡ
죬̫һȷʵǴ⣬޷ɽȥսӦ֪Ĵ۶ʥ˼ȥĻһᱻ˷ӡģ̫Ͼ˵ԣҽ㻹ǽӡԼ
˵꣬һ۶̫һ̫һһ֣ߵĽͯйâ˸һĽӡͳУͯ˶̫һϡ
ȴܸӦӡƺһǿӡˣʹԼˣҲ޷
ӡȻǻ鱦ȴƷĻ鱦һƷ鱦еļƷ治ǻ֮֮ɽ֮ۼɣŨľ
̫Ͼе̫ͼɱД߶ɣȴ޷Ըӡ޷Ըӡӻˡ


745 
һ£Ҫӡܣֻһ߾Ǽ꣬ƿԿ϶⼸ɽļʥˣ϶û£ڷӡӡƷ֮½ӡΪС
ΪһӦǵҪ𣿡ƿ̫Ͼ
̫Ͼüһ֮һЦϣܴӦֻҪӡԼ̫һΪĽӰˣôҿԱ֤İȫҾԲӡ㣬ڵɽ磬ⲻԸ𣿡
Ŷ¶ϲ֮ɫȷʵôһԸҲףΪʲôҪץɽ磿ֻĻǴֱٷͽԼȻڷ磬Ǹã
Ǻǣǲǵ㲻ӦԲŰ뵽ɽ磡
ǣȻӦҼǵڵӦûɽĴ۰ɣǸλǲǻӦѵǴҾվ𣿡
ǣ̫Ͼ΢Цеͷ
зߺޣʱ޲ð̫ϾĨϹʺȻٺݺݵĲϼţЦ滢߸ϡãվסˣ΢΢ͷ΢ЦϣҲӦأ
̫ϾϵЦݶʱʧˡ
Ƿ·µԪʼȴһѾֲ˵ˣӦҲôӦӦҲôӦԪʼֱӽӡ
̫һҲٺһ죬Ϊ뿪˻ӡֹҵɽۣ´һǣ
ٺ٣ǿ´죬ͽӡ˰ɣֻϧûǸӡǺԽҵģбʹԣЦ
㣿ǺǺǣúúã㲻źΪͷھ͸㣬Ѿˣ̫һ³һ
ֻооһʱһɵ۵ĸоȴѿڶܣ治¼䣬Ĵûɱ棡
ʹˣѾĴɱˣ̫һٴһ
ܣٴζٺȣ˵ԼոմûдõκһϢ˵ǿɽľʹȲ̹ţҲ̫࣬ĴȴˣһΪ壬񣬼ʹ֣ﵽ˿ٵļҲͺƽ֣ܱɱ
㵱ɽۣӦ֪飬һĴĸû̹صһˣڿʥǳռ֮󣬲ҲһȥĴˣĴҲˣýĴͬˣɽѾô꣬ӦȥȴѾף˵Ǳɱ˵Ĵѵ
գʱסˣĶŶ̫һȴþδ
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ס죬ʲôʸ˵ƶٺһûб©ԼƣȻǱ𣬿ΪָһٶԵΪ£ټǳԣʹʥҲ޷׼ȷĿƵΪ
̫׽ֻЦЦƵķ
ֻ̫׽ǣҲûаƵ£û˻ǿʵ죬ƿɹһ˼ʥ֮⣬ǸͲ֪ΪʲôѡƵɹۣ֪ǻ
̫һû֮ǰҽ۵λøĻҾԲ˵ȴӦ㣬ʹǸôǣȷʵҵӣӣȡҵĵλռҵӣΪһô״Ӧ𣿡Ƶ˫Ѿ޷ڸǵɱ
̫һȴЦһ죬Ҹûкĸף˵˵ռңһҲԸģκŮҲ޸ķѾˣձǵĴ֮գľͲҪ˵ˣʥ˵ľԲģԼŭ͸ıģԣҲͲҪùȥҪЮǣ
ǺǣЦһúúãһԴӦ㣬㵱ɹۣǣǣҪδأ
̫һ֮µİ죬Բ㣬ѡκһطסҿԱ֤İȫ


746 
˵ɹڵľ죬ҾԶ޷̤ˣƷ㡣
ɽĹӦڵΪ춼ûʸ̤룬ҸȨѾʮֿˣҲϣϧ
϶ںδƻһת˵
̫һüͷ壬ĸ
ĸȴЦһѲɻǸ꾫
ƲֻǶĸ
ڹ㺮֮йѺţҪ˶ͻˣģһҸģ
޸˭ҧҧ
ȻǴ۶̫һĸЦЦ
⵹ǺܳƵԤϣһҲȻˣĸ϶֪̫һȽӵݣû˭ԸȢһùЬвͲͬˣɹһŮ϶Ǹ
룬Ҳһɬ֪ǰ۵ʱʧܣȴû뵽ôʧܣٲǶϾҲԼӣͬô꣬˵һûʱƭˣĸûУȴͨ۵ļз֣ĸȻ˵ޣɻһЩںġ
ûаˣǾ̸Ϻˡ
Ϊ۰ĸԼӣ׵ˣԶĸŻĸȴʧˣŻкޡ
ת֮־ô飬ټŮƣԣʹƴļ䣬ƶĸĸоɺܵ϶ȴһֿɹ滹ȡΪ϶顣
ԣ϶ҲͳеִͬһֱִһִȥΪͺ޷ķƵ⡣
̫һûӡ㻻϶ԸԸ⣿³һ
գһ㶣ȴܿȻΪǶ֪϶ϲ֪ĸĳԴףֻȴ׷¶ЦΪһ˻ӡǾ͵ǸһﻹȢɹһŮôܣ
ʹȢȥΣ֤Ҫͻ϶ͬᱻ˽׸̫һ̫һɲǸۣĸҪͽᣬʣµ˾͸˵ˡ
죬ѵûпʵѾûʸˣʹû㣬ûлӡɻΪɹۣ϶͸ˣĸЦ
ұ죬ǵһ̸ôһģ㲻ҪˣڻҵˣҲ㣬˭Ҳ޷Ȣ㣡
㣿ŪݣΪѾ㣡ĸĲһսָƸЩĲ벻ǸСΪʲôôǿӲ˴󵨣
ңʲôʱô֪ĸҸ㣬ұˣ㣬Ҳں㾡ñ˸ҴñӡǣûţҪң룬ҾԲͬģһŮɣһԶİռ㣬Ҫ鴫½磬ʱҿж˶Цҿ˭Ȣ㣡һЩĴЦ
ĸʹʥˣҲֳʥˣƾɽĿռƿزŴﵽ־磬ŭ֮£һɿռͽƽͼƸֱӽɱ
ΡȻͦ˫ֱĶĸҪɱң룬ɽ绹û˭ɱˣʹƿؿռΣһɱ֮ҵУ
һ֮ζͽռѹƸˣ̧ͬһɿռĸ
㣿ȻҲƿ˿ռ֮ĸ³һƵĿռ֮׵Ļ⡣
һ̣ĸ͸оǰһƲ֪ʱѾǰ̧һƣ׼һơ
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һƣ֪ʱȻĸͶ̫һǰ
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أ
һ죬Ƶɶȥ̫һҲӱ֮ϵɣײ磬˦ڵء
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ˣˣڴ˴󾪡
ã콫ӡˣ̫ϾŷӦ
ϿȥֻӡĲˣʲôʱߵģȻûп
Ҳûʵ̫ڳǵԤˣ˭뵽ƾȻͬ˲һͥһʥ˼ĸһƣǽ̫һİ鱦Ӹɣ
ܣܲˣĸ߳ŭֱʧ
ɽռƿ֮Уﵽʥ˼֮󣬳ӵл춯鱦򣬼ʹʥҲɽԿ
һ˲䣬͵˹㺮һΪ϶ѾˣƸû˰ټɽȻûƵϢ
ѵӵ½粻ɣĸں޽ӣû˭Ҵ˵ǵô˵ˡ


747 
ܿ죬̫һ̫ϾԪʼ𡭡ȵ˶ۼĿҲ׷׼ĸϡ
ˣĸ˵
ʲôܣѵҲﵽʥ˾磿ĸɽɶƿŵģôߣ̫һŭ
ĸҧֻߣ϶ֻǾͨռ䷨򣬸ǿƾ˲Ƴɽ磡
ܣ˵һ뷨ĸƭԼ˵Ǹ죬ʥҲҪͨͨſ뿪ɽ硣
˺ܿʹ붫̫һһƴоѣ̫һʲôΪǿʥߣİ鱦ӣ˵˺֮⣬û˵ʹ̫ϾҲֻƽ֣ȴܽĵɡ
ɴ˿ɼƵʵ졣
̫Ͼɫ粻ȴһ̾Ϣû뵽ҲˣѾȣӦѾﵽʥ֮ټİ鱦촸¼Ѿû˭ɱˣ
ܣǸôﵽʥ˼𣿡ĸһš
ԪʼҲҡҡͷ̫⣬ѾɳˣѾ£϶Ʋ
̫һЦһƲΣѵǶƴɣղֻ̫⣬촸ûдﵽ鱦𣬶Ϊûдﵽʥ˾Ҳ˵֮ûʹȫǴӦ칬
棿һԵޱɫһϲ
Ȼһ˲䱬ƣǴԲǿɲҪǣҪΪʥǺѶȣǸܴﵽ־磿̫һӵ
ǣղһΪĸûж̫Ͼҡͷ̾Ϣ
ĸüһ˴Ǻܲʵ飬ֱ̫ϾоһŭҴˣƾҶɽƿأܱ裿
˰ˣ˵ЩѾãǻô죡Ԫʼ˵
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ǣԪʼҲЦȻˣҾȥýڵȺơ
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ʱƣȴѾ˵ȻɽֻǴ˶̶̵İ죬ǵȴѾ˰꣬ԼķȻѼѾ׵˯һŴˡ
֮ĵһǽ뱾ںϣĵεҲ꣬Ѽѵĸ顣
𾪵ǣѼѾȻУѾĸˣһ֣á
һƬеıֻʮѾˣ£ܱƲһЩ󷨣Ȼû鼫Ϊϡ٣ȴʯʹʯ֮ǳŨ
Ѽ˫ĸĸҲͰᵽ˵ĻҲǰٰˣ˵Ƿӳɻ顣
ƲûѼѳΪˣԣѼѵȻǳĺãǧ˰Բʲô⣬ǸˣûаΪסǵˡ
ʱһĿɳϣѼѣСĵĸѾ΢ĶӣҲǳļ
ôҲ벻ѼѻΪԼӣҪ֪߿ôŮӵģôǲϣЩŮΪԼڽӴֻһֱ֮Уʹ˫ҲԶУŮѹڹתпӡ
Ҳֻпܣ֮ǰûǿҲûгԣһж˳Ȼ̬ȡ
ȴѾϣԼڶŮˣһԼŲµܿһԼļ壬иֻôҲ벻ѼŮһԼĺӡ
ƣΪνһЩԣôȻôѼɻĶơ
ŷԼʧ̬ˣܸѼԼŻһ뵽ɽ飬üͷѼѣѾסˣǱҪ뿪иĸǣҪ뿪
ȥΪʲôѼɫһ
ɽϾҪɱˣȻǣһȴ޷ĸӣֻʱ롣¶֮ɫ


748 Ǭת
ѼѾƵķе֪Ƶ飬ܿͻָ򶨣΢΢һЦƣԺȥҾ͸㲻Ϊҷģ㲻ʲôװ˵Ͱȫװȥ
Ƹмĵ˵ͷһ֣ʧһֱӾ֮ϣٴʧ޾ǿ֮С
ͬڵһǳɽĹ㺮֮Унӿռ䣬ں
ٶ뿪̫ϵִ֣´ȴãȻ֪룬Ϊ֪ԼȥԼļҡ
ʥƿյĻҾͿԽɹ밵ռ䣬ͲҪɽˣưһ
ֻĿռҪĿռȹ̣ʹﵽʥ˾磬ȴҲ޷ɽƿգƲ³ǴﵽʥǸܣ̹渽һС͵λ磬̹ͬĽһ
Ʋ֪ȥη֮ʱĸӦ֮оͶһɱɽٵ£
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һʮˣΪһӣӡһۣ༫ΪӢ
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ѵҲΪץҲɣЦһ
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˵ϻ㲻ۣǽһߣûкͶԷ˵ϻһỹи֮ҵԼĵ֡
һ֮ƴһӣǬôһ޴Ӱ꯸ȥ
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ֻһγµ۵ʱƲûзŮ
ʵҲ֪ŮޡˡƵһĻĹž񣬸ʥ˼ҲȫѶ̫һ£Ҳûֵģ˼ɽ綼ڣǳסԼٵĻĺλ֮ڣʹȥµ۵Ң˴ˣҲֻɽǰһһӰˡ
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ƵһǬɽͼײһ֮ߺȻ飬ֱӵ˳ȥ
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³꯵˾ͷܵǿպȻ任ͣԭȴܵ棬ȴܵ棬Ǭȫߵ
Ǭգһĳ£һиĳϣǬ֮ŲƣӴǳı˶켣ƿٿ£
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죬֪ôȰ㻹ǸϽһ𷵻գĸԲŹģδһȴøֲ棬ֱС
ѿȺ˶ҪԭǶûпƣȴҲһָŵòᡣ
ߣһֱӽеˡ
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飬ѳܷɢǻꡣ
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˵ûɽͼҪɱֻǾ֮飬ȴûɱ֡
һ֣һɫССգȻһ򣬾Ϳٷ˹ȥ
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ŲƣõĻᱻ׷ϣԿ϶ʹ̫ϾˣҲץסԼ
ûкķ̫õʱ䣬һƬΪڰǿ֮УƬǿûлֻ̫΢ǹԶ
һ֣׳ɽͼ̤ϣɽͼԼǰС
ʱƸоԼ·һͷˮУһ޵Լգ֮䣬ǰĻ֮һ䣬һ֮С
ɽͼҲڴʱâţƵĽŵ»һ⣬Զٷȥ


749 
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һƬãأȺɽ롢Զɭ֡޴󡢲ðŨŨ̻ɽżһ洫ͷȥʮɸߵԶŻޡ
ûоκεĿԭʼ֮أûгɳռ䶼ƺʮֵĴ
ѵƬĹλ棬ǽýĵ𣿡аһһǿմĴԪ䣬βɽͼ׷ȥ
һҹɽͼźȻֹͣ漸ũׯ֮ڡ
ûȥǺ¿ţȴȻһ͵ԭʼ䣬ǽΪԭʼ
Ȼ·һȻˣΪλͣڸ߿գ
գһЦˣ
һ˲ũСԺ֮С
һʯһλˡۣһӣɢƤ
ˡŮ洣ּˣ˵ǰûԳƣʵձֵĻƺ̹ͬģֻеٶʵ̫˺˶Ѿʥô꣬ƵڲųΪʥߡ
ŮһЦӦýأǽۣ
ˣʵĺĽǣʲôʱҲӵһ磬Ǹöã֮ȴ֮أƸ̾һ
ǺǺǣǿɲ㣬㲻ϼ죡΢Ц
һ֪λҲΪԼ鷳΢ʧ治ɫһ£λأ
мȥ̫ϾȥµɽˣûлмһֱڱչأҲ֪ǿɲʥŪһλǺķྫģ
΢΢ͷʯϵһ裬СһڣӦ֪ʲô˰ɣ
ȻûȥҲ֪һЦ
֪˿ݣδ֪ûио֣ʣܲܰԺô
ҡҡͷ㱾رҿɲ㣬㻹Ұɣ
ȻǱλѵӦðλӦû˿ĳԹɣѵǻ̫ϵıɣ
죬˵ʵҲµֻ㿴Сǧ磬һ򶷵ĵطһҢ˴Ϊʲôȥɽ糯µɵۣΪʾҲǣǸ֪ɽǰҪǵλҲռˣΪɽĵʮ죬ǻͬǲΪҵԸǵİ취˵ɫѾ
üͷ֪˵ʵҪԼһλ棬Ҳܸˣ֪Լǿֻܳ̾һܷΪƼһȥ·
·£ɣһ֮󣬱һۣƾֱͳĹ硣
³ǿ֮ƾ˳˼ܿһϲһ·ڽ£ллˣ
ʱһâ̧ץȻɽͼ
ѵŮ洲ҪˣȻˣҾˣշ˶رͨڴȭһɽͼ촸֮ڡ

һͨһƬյ֮󣬲ĳһ֪뿪ǿգɽǰ˵ǲǻ
Ե˽Ĳ֪࣬еزҲпµ壬Ϊڤ棬ʣµģͲˡ
࣬ڤ̹ľѪ㼯ɵѪģҲڤеƿߣɱɵΪʥˣǵزǷĴֻ˼ԺͺԸգĲɷҲ˭
ڤȴ˵ɱ졢ɱءɱֻҪɱһ飬ܳɵˡ
ȴ˵ҪһС
Ȼ֮⣬Լ಻ԸͶ̥תĹޣΪ̹ŵԭ򣬻֮δܿﵽ˶ǿߣɽʥ˶
ĻЩħޣȻڰ޹أȴǵء
֮زǳǳأһƬߵĲԭֻЩݶǻɫģͷŴһͷͷԭڿʳİԵĹޣʱעƵϡ
СЩ޷·ԺȻֵȽϺ棬ľΧ£
΢ڿն𣬾ʹѰһԾסĳǳء
ֻո·ʹɫʸԭЩ޿̼ȻƷ˹
ƵʶȻţռ֮һ˲ͽɱ˷ԲʮйޣҲ֮״̬ǰС
بŵĴأ޾ʱա
һգ߿գǰǳأͷһϲҵˣǲ֪֪֪ڤ䣡
ΪѹƵͨ޼֮ƾѰһùݣʹסһԷȻҪڤʯƵȴһҲûС


750 ڤ
ƵϲƸкܶ࣬ȴûһڤʯֻȻȥչռ䣬̽ͼ̽ԲǧڱѹסˣĿռ̹ѹǳǿȻûܽڤȴɹҵһЩڤʯ
ʹÿռֱ֮Ӵӵؿ˲ƹڤʯһ֣һƷڤʯϰУһСԺ
˴֮ϣڤʴƵʶͽ촸֮С
촸֮ڣƵڶԼŮ𲽵ĽⱻĻӡ
ֻоĽӡƲܶսЩл鱦ʥˡ
ͨɽ󷨣ѣټŮİæʱ䣬ֻҪʮȫ⡣
ʵȫ⣬ֻҪһ㣬ƾܹԵˣֻҪ͵Ķࡣ
֪ɽ˸ʱ䣬⻹ҪһӵкʵĻ棬ҵ촸ֻ촸ﵽĻ鱦Ҳİȫڤ棬֪ԸԸҽˣ
˳˼Ҳһ쿪ʼﾲ
ɽѾң˶ƣȴûз֣Ѿ˽˷˺ŮƿصĻĹ磬ҲûƵ䡣
Ĵͨµ£ĸܿжһǲ˵֮
ֻǵһرֵĵطʹʥȥΪҲܵһѹƣǷķ⣬ܿڤڤڤȴɽǵġ
ʷϣڤ漸ζϷɽ磬ɱɱɽȴȥڤ籨ڤ棬ΪڤƿصڤѪӿ̹ŴľѪ㼯ɣڤЩѪ仰˵ڤ൱̹Ŵһʥ֮
ԣû˸ĵڤ档
ɻӡع飬ɹ۵λþ޷ȷһЩѾƵĵλˣΪɽ統ô꣬Ҫ˵ûһЩ֧ߣ˭Ҳš
Ϊҹζ࣬ĸͶ̫һ£ʥ˻ǾټȥڤѰƣһõزæ
һ֮ɽĴͿڤ磬̫ϾͨԪʼ𡢶̫һĴʥΪԼޱۡۡ໪ۡʴۣһ˴ʥˣһǧɱɽֱͨӽܵظ
ڤĵزһ̫Ͼе촸к֮ؾͿپ£˹ȥ
ֻϧ˻ûеһѪɫӾסǵȥ·Ѫӣٵ۳һ޴ѪˣһЦ̫ϾԪʼ𡭡ͷеزû뵽ǾȻҵˣ
һ̫Ͼ˵ڤ棬һɲΪ㣬ΪѰ죬ӭɽģ
ƨɽ飬ΪҲ֪ӭ췵ɽ磿ʥҲ˵ˣڤһ˫̧Ѿ޽ʹתһԪһǣȻǻ鱦ȴȻ鱦
Ĵ󿰱ʥ˵ħʥڤ
߸һ֣ڤһƴǣһ˸ʥˡ
ɽһҲֻǾŸʥˣĴɽҲһռˡ
ǵزһɵӣ̧Զһָһ·ԽǧٻʮȻߡ
ʮʮˣÿһ˶ʥħ
ɴҲܿزʵҲǳǿڵڤڤô꣬ûʵĻͱϳڤˡ
ʮˣͲЩС췴ҿֱСǿǺѲģʹΣɱڤһѾ޽Ѫɫۼزʮȥ
زһĻеֶȥͳܿʣһ

ѽ֮ϣȽͷѪɫϼԪѾ޽Ͷ
̫Ͼ˼ˣͷһϲλζͳ˾޴ʥ˷࣬ϼ־ʹһ̫ͼ̫ͼ·һ澵ӣͷųһɫţ׼ڤײ˹ȥ
ڤ治Ҵ⣬̫ͼǻ鱦̹Ÿֻºܲһֱǧľ޴ʮƷѪɫֳͽ
䣡
Ѫɫɢֹ꣬˽ɫŵײ
Ԫʼȴʱץס˿ռ䣬־͵һɫĳС죬С켱ţһ˲ʹƿѩ֮Уûڤڡ

ڤʹһξȻһΪ


751 
С̹Ÿĸ춯鱦Уһͷų罣ռ䡣
ҲɽУΨһƿ̹ռ
ڤȻ̹ŻȴɿסԪʼһ
οԪʼ͵Ϯ
ֻڤҲڰǧһɱǧܿѪ¸
Ҳڤŭ¾ۼѪ˷֮еѾ޽Ȼ֣ͬ˲ƣֱԪʼ̫Ͼ
ͷڤĹ鱦ٴγѾ޽˿ȥ
ʣµʥˣҲֱóԼɱﵡ
һĹײ֣̫һͷ֮һߴǧֱĻӣ𶯵һһĺڤ˵ϡ
ɽʥȴ׷׶˻֮ڡ
۷̹еһλ̹ᦽϣϻû˭ǵĵ֣ڤҲС
˵̫ϾʥһЭ
һĹڤλʥ־ͱնɱλǲҲشˡ
֮£ڤֻýԼڣǧѪӣٵʧƬ֮У˲ƵĴЦҲͬʱɽ硢˶ҵţһһὫȫɱ⣬
ʧã̫һջ˻ӣ˴ɫȴ쳣ء
ڤˣԺҪץˣ̫Ͼǵ
кѣֻҪԪʼ㹻ԸڤˣǾͿڳȥץ죡̫һһ
콫촸鱦أɲҪǣ촸ǻ羧˻ʹ̹ſٵأҲûܽ羧̹Ȼ̹ᦵĸȴҲ촸ĻӣԵֵ촸һ𣿡̫Ͼٴһ
ʲôԵģʹ촸Ϊ˻鱦Ҳ಻ǳһȫֵ̫һ̫ܲϾǣǽԼһơ
ͬӡҲأˣҲѾﵽʥ˾磬ͨɹʱı֣һʥˣ򣬾Բĸûл֮
̫Ͼ˻һ˶ӡǿƷĻ鱦ӡһѹأӶҪ޵
Ԫʼȴҡͷ˵ӡλʥ˺ʹ˽ӽʱŷӡģʹƴﵽʥ˼Ҫȫ⣬ҲҪϰʱ䣬꣬㹻ӡˣ»ǿ콫Ѱҳ
գͷ̫Ͼ׳һָ̫̣ʹ촸ĲкƣֻҪͬһռ䣬ܿ׵Ѱҵ촸䡣
һλ֮ʮŸʥ֣Ϳʼ֮˲˹ȥ
ʱƣѾҲӦڤղսȻ̫Զ޷Ŀ򶷵Ḷ́ȴܸӦڤӴѪ
ڤ泷ֱ֮Ӿ˲뿪˾סأʼ׷ȥ
Ҫ׷һˣʵ̫򵥲֮ǰûз̶̵֣İӣͳһѪϿա
·ѪӼž޲ռطԲ
ڤ棬֪ɷһƿһ
СӣҾ֪ңһǰҾ֪ˣѪ·Ѫˮ΢΢һͨ˴С壬һģһֻͷ۾ǺɫģıȽϿ࣬ʱѪɢ
Сӣ㻹ûҴ󣡡ƺԪصľ⡣
̹ź죬̹źǰ˵ȷʵҴ󣬲ϧϧôһֱɽǰ˵ȦţһΪоڤЦ
һǱȽ˽𣿡ɫЦݡ
ȻڤһԲκ˵ĳΪǰ˵ڣǣȴ㣬Ϊ֮ʼûû̹ţû̹žûңûǰ˵еĻ鱦
Ԫʼ̫ϣʦ棬Ҳˣȴ˵ǰǶа֮Ҫ˵Ӧֵģ˶һ죬һὫȫɱ⣬ɱɱأɱ
ڤ滹˵ȥƼæִ̧ϣȵȵȣˣ仰Ѿ˸ҽʮ飬һжɱˣʲô
Ȼˣֻŷǵ࣡ڤ濪һ
Բܣͨ˶֪ģҲ޹ģɽǰʥ˾͹ɱˣڤӣ㣬㵱ԸҺһͬԿɽ磿
кβɣҸղŲ˵籾ӦģϹ㣬¹ңûɱ֮ǰҪһɱǸͺ¿Ҫﰭ£ɱȥˣڤǷŭ


752 ͻƿ
ҵǿԴӦ㣬Ҳɱ̫࣬Ĺ궼ûˣǷûͶ̥ˣ˳һ飬ʮƷҵǲǹУΪʲôҲҵʵ
磿ȥ磿
Ƶ˵ͷ
˵Ҳһˣмڤң˵ҪһƬҵҵȻͬ⣬ǾͺǴսһӹǱ˰Ƭ˵ҵǲǾǰƬ
΢΢ͷӦˣǰƬڵػ£ѿµ
İɷڳɳô
ҵֻ൱ͨ鱦ȻŮˣ
Ҳ鱦ѾǷǳǿˣȻŮˣϲɺأ
ƷڤԼȷʵһֱܿǲ֪Է뷨ȴûз䱸ϾڤɱɵɱĸԽ࣬ΪԽߣɽ˶ɱˣ϶Լ
ֻҲ£ʹǺҲɱԼԲԼɽۣڤʥĺԶҪɱԼ͸ˣųԷԼӡѪӴǿĴ֮һʹԭʼ̫λҲҽ롣
ڤ棬˵ҾͬˣܷҵеĻ𣬴һԼ촸Ʒһ䡣
ҵҵڤĬˡ
ƾĵȴĴ𸴡
촸Ҳ˽ģƾҵҵͲԼĴ𣬹½Ĺ½ڻ𡢾ľ׻ռҲ⽫ҵʹã
üͷ½ƷСзˡȸȸŮҵڤ棬ߺɻҲͷųֻ棬ȻȫҲ촸ˣǾ׻ȴô׵õġ
ΪΪ̫ϾıգźΪԪʼ⣬ҶΪͨƼ˿ɶʥˣرǰλڻ׷ɱԼܴеõ
Ҫ᣿Ǿ͸ˣȫƷĻ鱦ֻҪɱˣͲܶ
׻ôõõģƿ˵
ҲѣֻҪҺɱԪʼ̫ϣͿԶȡˣһ㹻촸ˣڤ
Ϊôɱղһս㻹һߣʹҲɱǣ
ڤҲϿƵĻ˵ͷͨͨõͨһ˽ģϴĽս̫ϾԪʼ˿ӵĲᣬһЩԹޣղʥսʱûгֻ֣ҪȥҲ㣡
ɲһɽµ۵ǻʱҲڵģڲҲһڤ𣿡ҡҡͷ
µ۵ǻֻҪȥڤ涼ӵ֪ͨǲͨͺһҲǱƲѣͻᱻɽʥҾͨ϶ᰵ֧㣬ֻҪɵ۵ļȥӦûӦ
գоһϲڤȻɱԴͨһͻƿڣͨԸԼԼ촸ֱƷĻ鱦ƷҲһ
а취ͨϵӦúʥһɣ
ǿ϶ǻֿģһֱһţڷ̽ڤĶֻҪһֿҵķͻ֪ʱֱʹô֮ϵˣ
ǶлˣƷĵĵл
ٺ٣ҿڤ滹Ǿ仰˭˭ɱɾǲɱ㣬̹ҵ־ңҲ֪ɱ㣬ȻܳΪˣΪβܳΪأɽǰҿԣ㾡ܷľǣƺԸӦ촸ҵѪӴ棬ȻҴݵԶ֮أпܸϢ֪ԸԸ⣡ڤ濪һ
գʱ˳˼ѪӴɲһ󷨣ȥ൱̹ŵ촸пܾ޷ˡ
һģ䵽أðһգʹΣһֱ촸Ŀռ澲޾ǣֻҪԼڤҲԼûа취
ǣƾ͵˵ͷκȻʧ촸֮ڣ촸һɫСԲѪ֮ϣľͳȥ
ڤˣɫһϲҲѪ֮С
һѪͨ촸ӦѹڤƺûйԼ΢
ûйãڤ촸һѶϢʥѾֿˣͨѾһˣ
ŶǾͿȥǸͨƻص
ľǣڤص


753 ͨ轣
ͨǶһˣֵ»һͽͽԼһɱɽҲ߰ʮ
ڤʹʶ֮ͨͨͳԼһڤ棬ĳ㻹ҪΪУ
ٺ٣ͨ죬ôֻǴ̸̸ڤ洫
̸ʲôͨüһҲ˹ȥ
˵׼ȷһ㣬̸ң֪ԸԸ̸ڤص
ͨһ㶣ʲô˼
ûɶ˼Ѿﵽʥ촸ͻӡߣɽҪץȥܣ֮ԸǣԺȡɽƿȨ֮ԽŲеһ㽻Σڤٴλص
ǺǺǣԭҪ˵ұɽ磬̫Сˣͨһ
Ҿ˳Ӧɽ磬Ǳѣѵ̫ϺԪʼ컹ɽۣջӡЩ˱ѵɵۣ𣿡ڤЦ
ô˵֪䣿

ͨĬˡ
֪ڻìܣҲҪ̫ϺԪʼΪУֻһֻҪ㽫ʱһþͿˣڤٴһ
ʲô
е㲻ýԼֻҪʱã֮ǾͻὫ㣬㲢еκεķգ
̳ͨ˼Ƭ֮³һҴ𻰣
Ѿˣƴ˵
ҴӦܸʲôôһ죬ɴ򶯲ңͨЦ
һֻ̲ͨǳΪɽĵһ̣Ľй㷺
Ľ磿㿪ʲôЦͨߵΪ˭ʹΪʥˣʹմԪʼ̫ϵˣҲɽĴۣǷ桢񡣡
Ȼһʱܴﵽģ㲻һΣӮˣͨ̾ͻΪĽɣλнͨҲΪȫȨƵˣˣȴκεʧΪֻǽҪ㲻Լ˼ʹߣҲĶȡ𣿡
ͨٴγĬˡ
Ȼ̧ͷâţ˲䴩ǧһɫĺţֱ֮ڤ档
յģӦͲӦȻ͵ϮңڤŭڶѪӷɢһֱľ޴Ѫ
أ
ϼֱӾͺѪ֮ϣѪиһֱͨУ󽥽û룬ʧ
ͨСˣȻ͵Ϯңúúãҿ㻹ôջʹƴźķѰҲҪӡҵѪӴ֮ڣţ
ڤ֮󣬼ٵԶȥ
ͬʱԪʼ̫ϵҲѾͨߡ
ô£Ԫʼʵ
ͨüͷղڤ͵Ϯңʹ͵Ϯֻϧȴסˣ
һɫһԪʼ̫϶лһЩϲã̫ϰοڤѪӴ󣬾ҲҴ⣬ǻ鱦ʹסˣҲÿԳ˴˻ᣬӦϣڤնɱȡ̹ڵѪӣ
ǣѾӦϢˣѪӴͷ·һ棬𵽸Ϣãͨһߺޡ
ղҸоƺڤͬһ򣡡̫һüͷ
Ӧˣֻϧ̫󣬼ʹǣҪڤĵҵҲôף̫ϻص
ֿѰҲǰ취һ޵󣬵̺ʽѰѹڤĲ򣡡ޱۿ˵
ֻˣͷһܽǧɱɽΪãֻҪڤ棬ɱһ

ڤƣһֱʥĸӦ򣬶ҲѾ촸һ޴Ѫɫ֮£Ŀ
ôͨǼһӦ˰ɣԲıֱǵģôΪ˽͸ʹãڤЦ
Ƶ˵ͷһץסĽעУ֮ȼ˰ɫĻ档
׻ˣͷϲֽƷȸȸŮҲ׷׳ߡ
ȸ֣ǿմʹ׾ıҲˡ
ڤֱӿ͸ǵı壬дϲ֮£ҲһѪɫģͷųҵ
һеֻȫˡ


754 촸
ֽ촸֮е˺Լڿռ䣬촸У˿ˣǿԿʼ׼ˣ˭Ҳûнֻ룬ֻ֪㼯һᷢʲôԣСģ
˶صĵ˵ͷڤ涼
Ʒһſڣ³½ȸȸǷ׷ӡͷųԼڵĻ棬ɫͬĻ㼯һγףڤеѪɫҲʱͷų˺ҵ
ֻֻңƷֳһʼע֮ϣɫĻ濪ʼ˸
ֻͬʱֵһ̣ƵԤϣǻȻԴ촸Ƽ·촸һʹֻ೯һ㡣
ţӴ룬ʹϵĻʢ촸Ӵһ
˼ˣҲ׷׼Ӵ棬촸Ӵһ
촸ѾһɫԲ򣬱Ƶıʹ˵ġ
ֻע֮ƶʱ͸о촸ı仯ƺʹȥ촸촸ƺҲڿٵš
Ҷڻ羧ʯģ൱Щʯͷϵѩ֥٣Ҳ죬һ䣬Ȼ󻯳羧ʯ֮Сƺ˳Ӧɣ
ưһ֮󣬿ʼϵĽַע촸֮ڣ촸ҲԽԽǿڲռԽԽʱ䡢ռȹ̣ԪطҲ½ıƵ룬γ촸ڲйɡ
˷׷׽Ŀۼ촸֮ϣȴҲһЩţһ̷·Ҳʱ䣬ǲϷָš
ǧҲȴϰط򣬸ͨԷǲǿԽ촸Ϊһӵ˼ά鱦ʱҸַ򣬾Ϳֱӵ촸һѧϰԶµķһͲҪظƣļҲͿԶˣ
뵽ֽԼʮԷ촸γһһ޶ʥ飬ȫ൱Լһ

һգ촸ȻһҲſٱ仯һһ޶Σ˫Ŀ΢գ˫ſֻͬԡ
ɹˣ³֡
ЩǿеļųһֱӾ̱ƣɫпԿǼ˼ޡ
ڤûʲô֧󣬵ȴǳۣΪԼĺ֮еһѾķС룬öָܻ
һñԼģ촸»ɴΣŴˣ¶ϲ֮ɫŴͷѾ൱һˣɹĴﵽƷĻ鱦ƿʹƾҲʥһսˣ
˵꣬ͽ촸ڣŤͷڤ棺֪˶ã
ѾʮˣûƺãҲҪϣΪǰһѾұƵûطˣʮ֮߰˵򣬶Ѿɽ˿ƣڤп
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޵̫֣ʣµʮλʥ˸ǧɱɽӳ֣ǸҿûһնûУҵѪӴҲɱǣ촸ںˣҪȥԣڤЦ
ҳȥ˵ţһ֣ͽƷڵɹ֮С
ڤ֮ͬ£һͬ
ֻԶǵ㣬һ޵ϵš
޵ѵһĿռ䣿ʵ
ֹǶĿռ䣿ȫ൱һˣʮλʥˣǧɱɽһλȫпܵ飬ҪλǿչĴھһǳ磬һǾһɱɽʮ˸ǿʥ֮ͬ£һռ䣡ڤ͵
жˣƷһ
ôҪҪ˵ĻҪҿԸ٣ʵڲУһڰǧÿһȴ޽۷徳磬ҲǧڵޣʱҲҺ
ܲΪʲôǲУ촸ѵ²ɣֻǵƾ촸ǣϾĻ鱦Ҳ࣬Ҳƿ촸ңǾͽ˶촸֮ڣΪ촸ṩ㹻ǺǺúõĶƴһΣ
촸ڤҵѪڤһЩġ
ǵȻҵ촸ڲռ䣬ӵжĿռ䡢ʱ䣬Լϰַȫ൱һ棡
ãţھͽȥڤһ֮ʹݳѶϢ


755 Ⱥ
ûйãڤµĴħλȵޱͱѹƬ򣬵õ֮Ҳ׷׵
һһȫ촸֮С
촸ڲһʮǧٿһ˶켣תţÿһаϵľ롣
һὫǳзǣֻҪŸַмɣƴ촸ڲˡ
ڤ沢ûнȥҲûдȥϾڤսҲǷǳǿģѪӴ֮󣬿ʥ۷壬ֻзķӽħſƥС
׼֮촸Ѫ֮гûб󣬷üСһ㣬ɽɵ޵ײ˹ȥ
һ̣ɽҲĲ׷׽ע̫Ͼǰһ̫ͼ󵽰ֱϷǧǹƼ룬̫ͼ·ǧǹ㼯һ㣬ֺȻ޵ǿײһ
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ռըѣһǹ촸Ϊģռ粻ݵıߣҲ֧Ųסײֱ֮ʧ
һײռҲ˺ѳȱڣ·һ׵Ĵӣڤ·ĩս٣ԲһƬ֮ء
촸Էһ˻̫ͼͷųĹҲ˲޵֮С
Զ޸ܣĿռ仺ԭֻǴصȴΪ
ƴʱҲΪǿĳײͷͣ촸ڲռЩΪȽ޷׷ѪһЩֱӻԲѡ
ڤȴʱ˹һѪɫľˣͷǣֻȴѻ鱦׼޵ײ˹ȥ
һ̫Ͼٴε̫ͼֻܼӹ󷨣Ӳһ
䣡
ռȻδըѣȴ˴Ƭ޵ΧְȥնյĽסˣҼʱڤͷʧӰ١
ǿڤƵͣסΣһ
ԷʮλʥͬɴҪܹƣʥˣƵ٩ţʱѾǳˣ촸ﵽƷ鱦֮ѾȫԱʹ򲻹ԷȴҲѾõıԷӡˡ
˵ҲǣҪɱڤҲܣҵԶģڤŵ
ڤѾǿˣɽأЦһ
ڤ۾һ˵ȥɽ磿
ٺ٣ɽӦֻĸһʥˣֻҪȥɽ磬ҾһԽĸƣʱӡܷӳӦı죬㹻һƴˣʹȥɽΣܵﶼ£
ãһڤЦ
ף㻹Ҫǵעҽĸƣ촸֮ҾԻӡͳˣȫ촸̫ϡԪʼ˵ʱ϶᷵ɽ磬ƿصǵʱֱӽɽ͵ͨرգǰ˵Ǵ򿪿ռ֮ͨǻͿԽɽںˣ
ڤһ㶣ʲô˼
ҴõΪɽײ㣬ʮռλ棬֪ԸԸңƷʵ
²ô׵ģ̹ſռ䣬Ҫںɽ磬Ͳںϣ
΢ʧôȻɽ磬̫ϵ׷ȥҾпֱȥˣ
㻹Ҫȥ磿
ǳɶֻҪǳС룬㹻Ըˣڤ棬Ǿʹ˸𣡡˵ɣֱ黯ʧޡ
ڤȴһǹСڤʶ̽ȥ֮󣬷Ȼпռ䣬·һǳʹ
ȻԲͨԽλ棬Կռ䷨ѾǼˣڤ̾һ
ǺȻֲַԾˣΪµħ޶ƴˣԼɹ˾ˣɵôһ˵һôǵĶ֣

ֱӳɽɹ֮Уռ֮չ˲佫ھŲͷȴһ
ӷ𣬺ǺǺǡ죬ˣһķŻصռ֮С
̧ͷһȻһͷУģЦݣŵɫȦ·Ȼķ淨ࡣ
棿üͷʱ֮ڷ֮ѾʥˣǷ൱ɽʥ
Ҳʹ˵һ˾ͱȵ̫ϡԪʼʮλʥͬµ޵Ȼ滹Ȳ˺ȴҲͬһˣеһλ뿪ٵؾֻһȼˡ
ʥиߵ֣֮ʥ֮ϱǿٵؾ硣


756 
һ棬뵽ǶԷѹɽµ龰Դˣ̶֪ȣʮЦ滢
ȴû̫η壬ͬһˮƽϣЦû뵽룬ûв´ĻӦΪ˰İɣ
ʻͬʱҲƷųȥˣƷص򣬶ǰ磬ռʮƷ½
沢֪ڵ飬Цݣ˵ͷһΪ˰ʩ㣬ҷȱնϣʩԻͷǰ
Ȼˣѵҳɷ𣿡ƳЦ
ԿɳɷΪʩȴ˿
ô첻Ԫʼ̫ϵҲȻˣҲɷǸã
ǺǺǣֻʱδˣ
㲻ĸѾȻ˰ɣƷһ䡣
δΪĸѾɵߣޱĿƣֻȴгǺյɽĸǽתܹ㻯ͬţͲ˭黯˭һ˵죬㻹ǽӡгȻĹһ
ٺ٣ûмǴĻǲɱģܺ·棿ڻӡѾҵ϶Ϊһû취ٽ
棿ĸɫһŭ˷档
Ǵ˲΢Цҷȱʩ˵òǲɱģǷҲŭʩٲ;֪ҿҪõ磬Զѹٻ˼䣡
ʷʲôʱ˼ˣҪ;֪ʲôķʲôҪҳɷһ䣬µЩȣǿںδ
ڲã磬Ľ綼Ϊң;֪ҪĽͿ̿ҷȱǲһµģӷ𣡡
˵㣬Խ˵ԽӲˣ֪շڴˣͲץסĸ⻹ĸȦףԼͶ
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ǣܿͷȻܿˣڷķ֮£ʱˮһ㣬Լ
ʱ侲ֹͷһȻһˡ
ʩȥɣһ֣֮ͽƸġ
Ƹ޷ʱ侲ֹ֮£ûκεķ֮
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ҡҡͷ˵Ѿ൱컯ʹңҲҪȫԸѽץסҷط֮󣬾ͻὫѹ֮У뿪ĵ츣ɽɣ
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ĸ˷ȥһţûлӡ޷ͳɽ磬ΪɽŲӡһģ֮ᱻӡԶɡ
潫ƴ˷磬ǵڷƿɽˣ˵ԺɽͳΪ˼ҷĺ԰ˣʱɽͲǵɣسɷˡ
ĸҲûа취˭к˭˶Դ죿ɵۣ
֪תת˭ϣĸһ֮󣬿粽̤ɹ
벻ǣոշͷֱ֮ϣȻһˣ΢ЦĿ
죿ĸһ
δӦֻоǰһƾѾǰһץסǰľͬʱҲоһɿռɽռ֮˳ȥ·ܵʲôѹһ㡣
벻ɣΪҾôױץסҿɷܲ˽㣿Ц
ĸ뷴ȴԼƵһֻһСû˿ķֻ֮ŬǿŤӡ
ˣڷˣҲԾȲ㣬ӡѹɽһУʱռ䶼ܱѹǷʱ䵹һĸ·ɵ˱֮ϡ
ôĸŭĶơ
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ңҶң̫һԲ㣡
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ĸϷŪ񣬺ȻЦˣôҸҵĳЩˣ￴Źģ̸֮£ǽͺúõ̸̸
죬˵ĻǸոճɻʱҶΣδҵģһӣһ죬ɹۣ㲻úУԴ˼ɹЩϣûҵĸܣǺ޹˼ɵ϶˽ᣬˣҲӣɽ˻ôңδҵģ
һ˻üͷһȻһЩˡ


757 ĸķŭ
ΪѾҲΪﲢûˣĸŭ֪ҶԼ̫̫ܽϣΪ̫ʧҪΪңΪɽЩ˻ΪЩʥ˻ɫˡأô֧㣬άϣΪ룬㲻мԣҲʲôƫƫҪʲôҪ˼ϣ컨Ƶء֮ƣ
֪Щϣˣֻܣֻܸ޴ǲܸңڣǰкΪǳںѾˣɽô죿ᱻ̲ģΪҲ֪ǷĿģΪҲ֪Ұģô죿˭ȴƫƫʱɱͶ̥ת찡죬ʲôңʲôʸѵңȫ޳ܵˣ
˵˵ţĸѾµˮ˳ǹջ䣬ʪƵָȴɵɵĴջ֣ڱһﲻ
ĸˣո߸𣺡ôû˵ˣ˵㲻Ҫ㲻ɽ˵ǰھͰץߣӵЩ˵ǰЩǳЦ㣬ǳЦңѵ۸һŮˣǿ֪ģ
գȻվ̤ȥ
ҵˣ֪ܣĸ
ƺȻͣ½ŲŤɫӵĿĸǰѾȥҲвԵĵطԺһ֤ԲңңҲѾӣҪļޣǾͼްɣҲ㣬һȫģҲϣҸǰ飬Ѿۣ
㲻ۣΪûۣȶԲң
üͷɫҲΪŭΪ֮ǰ˵ЩΪЩɵҩøҳԣӶܴ̫͵ɵѵ۾ûʸ񣿡
֮ǰ˵Ϊýȥ첻ǰɹ⼸ֹߣһһЩɵҩٳͱΪ֮ˣЩкãҪֻǸ򣬸ɵ̫ϵɵ˵㣬ҶԲΪ˼ҵҵĸ㵱ɽĴۣˣ
գþδԼ֮ǰĸһЩᣬһʱ䣬Ȼ֪˵Щʲôͣתȥ
ѻӡңңǷҵģǷҵģĸ緢ŭĸʨӣͣĶƵıӰŭš
ƵıӰȴԽԽʧޡ
촸ķ뿪ֱ֮Ӿ˲Ʒ˱ʱıɱƣѾ˷硣
ͱ𻥻֮Ƶı˷ڣҲ촸ڲռ֮С
ɷԼѹȴһǶ֮УǰһУвϵĻصĸ˵ÿһ仰
ĸĴ
˷Լȴ޷϶һĻĻҲϸԺ֮УȴԽԽӡ
֮£һɹ֮е϶𣬴ʱ϶鷿֮У϶ͼϸĹߡ
⻭е飬϶һģһͣĶ϶գ۾
ֱƳ϶ߣ϶źȻѣɫ˷ۣܵΪĻ𣿡
Ƶ˵ͷһЩЦݣѾǰˣϲ𣿡
ţϲ϶ˮĶƣۣǲʲô£
Ƶ˵ͷץס϶ʯϣ˵ĸ𣿡
϶ҡҡͷ
Ϊʲôһ㶡
ΪҶԲҲϲϴۣұǷŮӻɹǣҡ϶˵ȦȻһ졣
ǰǸʱҲǷˣɹֻǷ˰ɣǺǺǣǸʱҾرĹע㣬ľϲˣȴĸǧټƵǣ˺Ĺ㺮֮УƳ̾һ̧ḧǹգȥˮ
ۣĸܺͺҲñ˵˱Ů˵ˣܺͺãԸһӴ鷿棡϶ˮĿơ
ͷһᣬҡҡͷѾ޷صȥˣ̫࣬ʹû㣬Һĸ֮ҲˣΪѾŮˣͶ̥ת֮󣬻ûлָǰ֮ǰѾȢ˺ܶ࣬ЩŮӶҴӷһߵڣҲΪĸǵģ
϶һ˻ǷϲΪβң
ʱھޣ⣬ѾкˣҪ˶þͻģ


758 һħ
ӣ˲ǲŮΪδۻкӣ
ΪǸŮӻǷˣֻǳһפյûκεΪ
ѽ̫ˣ϶˷ܵվץסƵĸ첲µܲȥλأɹô꣬ûмӤϲˣ
ԺȥôҴӦƽƽ꣬һȰ֮ȥ
رأֻϧⱲҲкӣΪŮ϶ɫ࣬˫ֱסƵĿƵĻ
ѹԺлأȻ㲻ܸŮȴΪԺһͬһǵ磬ѵ𣿡
Ҫ򣿡϶ϲ
˫ޣ㣡

磬ɱѺڷ֮Уһʮ˲ƣһʱռȻ򶼱ͬһ޵磬ֻһˣһС
ƿ룿ƺռ䶼ûУʱҲǾֹƸ޷Ų㣬ָͷ޷̧˼ά˻״̬ҪзҪԶѹˡ
ڲƣȴŮ˫ޣϵĵµķ϶ҲͶƵĻ˱˴һڡ
Ҹ֮ùѾ죬ŮÿĶŰ˸ӡ
Ȼһ죬һ«֦׹߸Ҳ½׹䣬Ůˣ˫ۻ˱ۣȫùץС
ʹԼǰȻΧԼתŮ˫ӡϵĴӰ˸֮еԼڣΪҲڿٵš

һжȻ򣬻ΣյĵطҲȫģڱѹڷ磬ûдߣҲ﹥һЩȥĴ㡣
촸ڲԳɿռ䣬ɹ˴򣬼ʹһֱȥҲδɡ
뷨ûг̫ãһƶĴħڶ޾ͲˣҪƷص
֮£ֻȽ˲ƵڤеĴͿռ֮Уڷš
һֱԼĶӳ϶ҲΪ߼һ໥һ໥ųⷨ
Ů֮ų⣬֮䶼һų⣬ĳ֣ʹҲҪвˣǵļ룬ƵΪٴһΣ֮ǰѹͨʥˣѾȫʸ̫Ԫʼƴˡ
һգƵı֮УѼѺͷһ齨ļ뷲סƬΪǻŪݽߵĵ
ڲƵֻڱɹǳǱȽϽģʹǿִڹŴ
ӱȡΪ磬Ƶķ縸סĸҲǵɫпԿʮֵҸ
ѼƵķһ𣬻ﱧµ磬ͬ¶Ҹ
һĻƱȻһֺĸдȻԥ֪ӦѼѺͷ˽Լ÷ԶѼѵߣչ˺磬ʹĸӿҸȥ
ĸ˵ЩĶ߻ص
գƵıֻ˼ͬһΣԼҲһӵϲãԼ뺢һĵεΣȴĬĬȥˡ
Ķǲһֺõʽֻˡƽƽ棬Ҹ
һ֮ƺȻԼֳ࣬ǰȽã飬غȻŵޱȿ㣬·еһС
ŮĵѾҲ½ΪӦķǱ͵ڶҲٴΪһ
գ۰꣬ڵĸַ飬Ͷǧˡ
ɽǧΪʥ֮ȴǧȻûںϹͨʵѾ޽ӽʥˣټ촸ƾԸԳʥ֮µһˡ
ıΪҲ˴ţַ׷׶ڵĿռ俪ʼٵ
ǣͻһƿʱԺȴٴθֳĸףԼ˵Щ
һ͹֣ʹڿռֱһѪҲйƤһ㣬ٵĽ͡
ǲһһĸ֪Ļǹ⣿Ҫҵһħ̸ϰ̸Ϻޣֻƽƽ³һ
ȴһУз򣬿ʥ֮һ
һ˵ȴǰļѣΪ֪ȥĸν⿪һħ
ʱȥһˣȥһɽЩʥˣưһ


759 ʥ֮ս
ƴע֮󣬱촸º϶ΪһңܵգڵĿռȻš
ǣʧǣѹ磬ռޡʱޡޱ޼ʣͺޱ߷һ֪·ʹп֮ҲҪɿУʹһʹĸо
ѵǻ磿ưһȴֲôŷд˵
ǾѹɣֱӶ߾ǣҴﵽʥ֮ҿ㻹ң
촸ͱױҪһѡ촸촸ϾлӡȿƷ鱦㹻ʥˡ
촸ڲֱӶ֮³˵֮С
ڤеĴ֮Ʒֵƺָֻƽڤ滯Ѫӣһڵ֮С
ϸ磬ˣΪıǷѹأڤѪ֮Уһ췢ˣվƵ߿˵
ô£ƴܣǹ㣬·дڡ
ô£֮Ҿɽǰ˵ӡˣ治Ǹ޵𣿡
˵ɽ˻ڣ
ǵûУʥӦöˣʹʮ鱦ΪԶˣЩһֱͼƴ󣬽ûгɹңҷȻԲϵҵҲԽԽǿʱ䣬ҾʧǧѪҺʮ֮һˣڤɫߺ޵
ԣһ֮˲ʧֱ߿գ׼͸־һȭ

ռ־һֲûм˲ǿ·еۼ˴˴
ƺһʹÿռøȹ̣ӼӲȻƣҲ޷ƿա
ڤ˲ƶ͵󣬲㹥κһ㣬ͻ˲ۼкǿĸӦǰǵĹĿ꣬һɴ϶жλʥ֣
գһʥΣֺǣ
Ǽʶʶǵ˵Ҫôƿ󣡡ڤЦ
㲻ǻڻɷĲͬλȻȫһɣ
ãڤͷӦһڤ泤һģһ˴Ѫзɳ
Ƭ֮䣬Ѫʧȴڶڤ֣ЩȫðǺ͸ѽգǶȴƵ
ѻ鱦Ȼܻôķ壬׶ٺһ
ڤҲԣڷ𣬶׼޵ڶڵͬʱ˹
ء
󼱾ǺӴֳ֮ɫת׵ܲ
Ƽ˻ᣬκȻǣͷ죬̤أ˫סͷϷǺӴμθߡ
ʮ
һֱ
޵ûбȣƵȴš
ڤڷͬڲϹ޵
ǧڤ綼ڻζ޵ϵĹ˿ڿʼѡ

ɵˣǿٵص̹ţȻһӡü׼Ϸһ޵Ľڵ˹ȥ
ǡ
ǳһĽڵ˲ɢ
𣡡
ٴηһ˫ץס˿һ˿ѵٶٴμӿ࣬ǳȻӲ˺
˫γ𣬴ȱڴһԾ
Ŀ˲һλԪʼ̫϶ˣһʥϵ
죿ȻķѹһĶ̫һ𾪵
̬һѵĸûи㣿ڰǰ֪ûѹˣ
̫һɫߺ޵Ķƣԭû㣡
֪̫ˣɣƴһӣհĴ־˶̫һ
̫һһӴͷ˲

һ˻֮ϣӾһһɾ޴ķƵĴָ˿
ߣƵľٴһѽץУҪ
̫һɫ䣬һһϣǰǿĶˣ
˾Ѿ֪ˣ̫ϼʱ̫ͼӳһײǾ޴֮ϡ

һ죬Ƶֻͭ΢΢һ̫ͼĽŶʱɷĩ˵ơ
һ̣̫ȴֶһⵣһ׼ץסӵֱ۾ȥ
ء
һЧƵֱ͵һ̫һץסᣬ˲ջڣȴٺˡ


760 
ԪʼһҲһ̷ˣ̹ᦻĻƣɢһ޴ĺâ콵ǻصһֱƵľ
һӡƵǰ
䡭
ռըѣӡûƵڣ̹ᦺâջأȴҲøӷ溮Ƽ
ȴη壬һ֣ɽͼ׳ͳ֮У˫˲Զֻƶٺһգ
ɽͼһɫϼ̹֮ϡ
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Ůһģʱ䶼һЩǿ
һʱ䳤ӣͿ޵չδһԶһԤ֪ȻȲеĹȥ𣬿ҲܿʥˣʱգΪ漶ĸ֣Ҳǲܵ顣
Ҳ˵Ϊһʥ
ȸȸŮǣվһԴһΰ촸֮Ů;һһ塣
˺һ֮ҲܶһʥˣŮͬʱЦ
Ƶ˵ͷֿ˿Ů
㲻õңô򶼲µģֻҪúõĻţҾͲЦЦ
жǿҾͻжǿֻǣʵʱ򣬻ҪһҵħԼؿڣڰֵƵ֮£֮ϵȹ²
İɣƵ˵ͷ
˵ҲõңҲѾ൱λ񾳽ˣڻΪķ飬ʹˣҲڵķ鸴ģ
ҲһŮ׷׺ȵ
һЩŮʵƽʱƵķһģҲѾ˶ڴĿ⣬ƺȻоһѹԼѾһˣѾӵ൱һԼһһǣ̫񾭣ԼԲ򣬺ĿɲֻԼẦôమԼˡ
϶˹赣ǣʵȫ󷽣ΪһЩţÿ԰ĸҲҲ²⣬һһħɣ
Ůգͬʱһ㶡


766 ս
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һڼ̳ľ޴ƽ̨ƽ̨һɫֱƿϷռ䣬γһڿռڶͨ򱳲ŮʹܣŮںڶ·עƵˡ
ƴŮŮʵͲȥ˰ɣ
ҲͬҪȥʵⳡսǶ㲻ȥģһֻأʹҲȥһλ棬Ҳսý磬˭㲻Ҳý緢սŮص
ãǾһͬһˣɫµĴܡ
㲻õǣʹǲģʹˣǵҲõóиǵȻ࣬սԲ
˿ң¶˵ǣ
һ·һб䣬ҾͻӦңͨսͨһ򿪣ʥ֮ͨͻԶرգ˼ʹҲ޷룡

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ƹݲһƬ谵緢еĻɽȻǵȴȵӶӣͨĹ޷ȥġ
һռѷ㲻ʱشմַҲ
ʹ˲ԼһСҲᱻӵĻɱ
վĵطһ֣ػס˰
ǰֻ֪ĽսǴûˣʲôս
Ϊʲôһս˼ţ֪λƺʹˣרſλ棬ֻǰλ棬ͨ˸޷㣬ʥʥĸֲŸ
֮󱻺桢桢λʥˣÿȿͨסƬҶֲֿĵط
Ǵ֮ÿһʱ䣬֮䣬ͻ﷢һδսǽ໥֮ìܣⲨ̫ķˡ
ʵȴȻż˵սΪ⣬̹֮ǰʼ磬ֻΪʼģ
սֻսҲһֳɳƬʼλ֮Уͬ಻Ϊ֪ܺͱ˵˻鱦
һЩطĻ棬Ȼֻ漯ϣʥ۷Ĵڶܹ
ΪϵԪʼ֮ڻ
ʹÿռ֮̽ܣһ񣬱㱻һͻȻֵĿռѷײĿռ֮ϣЩҵķ򣬸ͻȻ͵Ϯʶ
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˵ͷҲޣڸִҵ֮УշУƹһռ϶ͷ֮أգһƬãĲԭͣ
һĻ˶һ㵣ΧݲŨŨͻɽȴڡ
ܿ˾ע⵽һֵ󣬲ԭƺڱǽڵɳϮСš
̲ݵǳǿ󣬳Ļܷ֮⣬ԲѾ޷ˡ
ʹƣҲоǳĻ˲ƣܣĿռռ֮չ֮󣬷ѾҲ̽鲻ԭ
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ǻĹŽ磬Ϊý֮µһ磬ҲǵһβμĽսӴԺӦþͿԳ֮Ϊս˰ɣΪҲ׳һˡ΢Ц


767 
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ЦЦ䣬ֻûͲһˣһ˵һֱǶ˵ȴһѭһơǳԽԽǿΥԣͱҪֲΪǶĿǷֲת
գüͷһȻǧ򣬿ȴûдﵽںϵĳ̶ȣƺôԶ˸ĸоͷ·ԼվøߣվøԶƺʹ
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ĹŽֻǺǬƲˣ֪ǬƷ鱦ȴ벻Ȼһ˷Ϣλ档
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Щ桢ΪβμӣЩѵֻΪ׼أƷʡ
ǣдãǵѾԼˣң˵Ŀһ˿ɫ
Ϊʲôʲô̹Ϊλܺ˭ôģƲĵʵ
ޣ³һֻ֣ǵȴûпǵĻ̹еЩˣ˵ǲ̹ţҴЩˣŮʹԼ;ѪģŮԼ׼ÿһ˶Ů洣ɶ
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ƵĿȴڲϵĬţޡޡ


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˵ĳǴʤࣿ
ţˣǰ㣬ѵ㻹飿̫ϵ
ǺǺǣλǵ˼ղֻдд裬һĹŽýɽһߵ̫ͣϣְɣҲı£һ֮Ѿһɫ̣Ͽ̻ԡɵ֧
̫ϼˣͳԼıⵣŭˣŮ洣Ĵ죿
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磬ǹΪ촸ĳֱֱնϣ촸ǹ⽣Ĺ촸ǻ羫ʯʹػҲͲƣǹҲֻǽ֮ûķ롣
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촸̫һһȻų촸
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죿üͷ壬ĿҲѾ˵ɽһĸȻɿԺķֶԷ
ĸʱʥǽ䱸ĶźǬʵҲŮ活úǬԸԼ
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΢Цͷͨλ̫ϵ۷ʥˣԼɽ۵λþ͸ˡ
̫һ֮ǰҴģȴӦսȻ˺ϻ͵Ϯѵ㶫ʵı£ƵΣɽ˵Ķ
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ɽһԣʱر֮ǰ۽õȸӣһҲʮ콫ˡ
ףǣüʵ
㻹ԪʼˣܱԪʼȻĶȴҲ
忴˿Զ̫ˣվס˽Ų
ɽ˼Ѿ̫ϺԪʼ˵˿ƣ֮ͨԸҹͶƣΪһĽսоѾĲˣյĵΪҲձ鲻ߣҲ٣ɽ粢ûʲôͲҵʹȥҲûʲô󰭡
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772 ʴ
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Ƕ̫һȴٴ˵죬˻ֻ̹ǿػūˣʦΣ͵ʦûеĻĿ츫ŵԿٵء
ȴҲ˻ͬĻ羧ҲһͬˣҴٵƬ֮ڣ׷ɱģҵΪһξ룬ֱ̹Ҳû뿪Ͳ죡
Ȼˣ죿һ˲䣬ʮֲ졣
̫һ˵ˣ˫һĨɱΪ˵ҾţԸҺǾԲ֮λǿĸ޸㣡
̫һƵһЦɽʱ䣬ǰ㻹Ǹ˵ΪǺΪã㵱ɵ۵ģΪηҪѹΪǶ֪ƾɽЩˣͳԽʥˣοڻʥ֮ǻЦǣȻĸ֪ĸǺ߼ˣҽߣҲΪãҪΪȡ˼ʱ䣬⼸תͶ̥Ӷﵽɽ磿
ʲô˼Ƹоƺ顣
Ϊʲô㣬ңסܵӲ۾㣬ҵĿľռ츫Ǵ磬ʦʦ¶쿪츫ֻҪҺҿԴӦ㣬ռл鱦طԭʼΣ
ƳĬãʣ׷ɱ̹Ŷ

ǣڵʵ׷ɱ̹Űɣѵɱģ
ҪΪôģֻΪѹҰˣ̫һص
ǿޣƷʡ
ޣɽ˿еħ˭ô룬ǣֻһҩ԰ĹܼҶѣֻҩ԰԰𴲸ɻĹߣҸ㣬ҪﾫʵĶ࣬ǣ㣬죬Ϊﵽʥ˾ж˲𣡡
𾪰Σŵֻķ
̫һص
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ֺηȷʵҵı𣬵ÿ츫ٵأ׷ɱ̹ŶһСıӡȴɱҵģ츫ڻģʱδûдﵽĿٵصļ𣬾ͱǸ֪֮˸ȡˣһΪ
ΪѹˣԲмս԰ɣѵЩ˵ѪԽӡ
Щˣ̹̹ŵѪҺ̹ѹҵҪֶΣʱû̹ѪҺ֮еľӡͻи
֪֪㶫̫һˣ
˭˲֪ϧл飬ͬ촸飬ʹʥҲɱңɱڵңӻһҸŪǬΪѹңֻϧҲ޷˻ӣҵĻӼ𲻸ߣǷȴǿֻп츫촸˻ӣҲֻˣȴ޷ҵĻǿɲͨĻ鱦
̫һ֮󣬻ӾѾͷƹȻѾʧ
ɱ㣿ٲĻӣ̫ܰɣǿ쾳磡ɻ
ɱ𣿻ӿɱˣȴܻٵģʹ˻ӣٺ٣Ҳ˶ˣΪٵһ̣ᷢ͸˾ͻ֪ҩ԰﷢һУʱ˼ˣΪ̹绹ܴҲڵʦ淢ԲҪ츫ȥҪȻҿ϶Ҳᱻʦ洦
磬ôǿֻһҩ԰Ĺܼң̹˵ʲô
ٺ٣ȥ֮Ȼ֪ģôϲҺ
ԼıǼ⣬ЦȻʦ淢ҩ԰ͱؿ츫Ĺؼ촸ûл羧ʯΪܸԣʹ˵Ķģһȥ֮ͬҪɱᱻɢȥǣӶԭΣɻµһʯͷȻˣΪҪΪһ𣿡
㣿̫һȻĶƣȴ쳣ôҲ벻ƻ³ԼĿġ


773 ĸ
̫һڷŭжƣȴٴδԣĻҲͬ絽ô£һ֤ЩԺ飬ǰұҪȡԼ棬ȻҵĵˣҾͻɱ㣡
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һֳֵ촸ڵһ㣬˶̫һ촸缴ǣͷȥ

δǷѾˣ̫һɫ΢΢һ䣬ӳӭ촸иߺȵԪʼ֣
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촸΢΢һͣƿֺ˻档
䣡
ӷһر𶯵ĳԲǧյش
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˺֮£鱦ٴ촸֮ϡ
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츫Ԫʼ̫ϾȻÿ츫֣ƵͷҲһЩȡ
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һ֣촸һӭȥӡȴҲͬʱ׳ֱǧɽ̬̫һԪʼ̫˾ݺݵȥ
̧ͷ죬ֻоǾ޴ӰͬʵʣȻյ˼ѹơ
̫һѣֻһεӣ棬ǻӡ˻֮ϡ
䣡
ӽҡΣЩ䣬ӡӽһѹŻӡ
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ŮͨҲһʱ̳ˣŮл«һƥɳͲס̫ϵǸⵣͨ³һʺ磬ײ̫֮ϡ
촸΢΢һһ̹ᦶƴһ𣬱Ƶ̹ᦽˡ
һսѤʣӣΨ·ĺǬɽ
ƵĿȴĸϣŤͷ˵ȥĸ
ͷɻԼڣҲ֮ʧ
ƬٶȣҪƻҪ죬κδ֮У˲ܵѹһ˵
ڹսĸֻоߺȻһˣɫһȴرɫһֻֽԼץС
ĸһУͱڡ
Ųִʧ
ڵӡƴĶ̫һˣɫŭȴ޿κΣΪӡҪһСȼѹƣֻƴأ޷
ڵĸ𾪵ĴǳһӰƵ̬ߡ
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ҵһʱɣΪһҪ㣬Ҳ𷴿Ҳ˺㣡˵
˺ңǺǺǣͶ̫һһ棬ɽڣΪ˭˺ң
ɽзҲǣɽƿŮ洷һɽֱӵӶҷǣȴΪǸɽ磬ԲĹŽôܵģңǲˣ
ĸĬˣ쵰㸻̬ϳЩҡҡͷҲ֪Ҫ𣿡
ҲǣʹӦҲҶ˵ʲô̫һĻҲȫǻԣһǶԵģһֱǰҵţ㣬ҲֻǺɵ߼ҵˣҲĲ²⣬ֻϴɽ˵Щһ㲻ȷˣƿЦһ
̫һ˵ʲôˣĸʡ
ֻķĿΪ׷ɱ̹ţ츫ȥֻҲԪʼ̫ϣӦöǺˣп̹ǿתΪ̫ϺԪʼҪ鶫̫һƽҡͷ
ĸƵĻ֮ĿԵø̶зǳࣺ˵ЩʲôĿģ
ǺǺǣ˵ʲôĿģϣôŤͷԼͬôӣֱڣɸоԼԷ
ҵЦĸԳһ
ֻϣ̹ʹԺǲٳΪޣ٣ǿԳΪѣƵĿϡ
ЦЦ죬ʵ̫ˣĸȻЦ̹Ҳս
٣ҿҵӲܵκ˺ĻصѾ֪˭ˡŮ洣̫һԪʼ̫ϣͨ죿ڵ˵ֻߵ檣


774 
ĸ˫һһ죬кˣһаɣ
ӣѾˣڻһͯˣɹ֮еķѼѣҲ¶Ҹ΢Ц
ĸգһ㶣ѿڶкˣôܣ
ǺǣһӣǷˣЦЦԺҲֳѼѵա
Ǻǡ𣿡ĸЦ
üͷһʲô˼
ĸЦݣûйࣺ㣬ǲˣ
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ͺãͺãѾȫ̹࣬šǿѾˣѾˣĸڵǿգϣвϵĸ̾
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˾ͺã˾ͺãѾħǾ飬һ෨򣬲ħǹ֣նΣӶܸ֪Ϊʲô𣿡ĸѾָƽŤͷơ
Ϊʲôƻûпǹ⡣
Ϊħֵ磬̹࣬濪һʺĿռ䣬£ȻҲħ֣ǣ޲ű࣬žԵͳȨȴͬ࣬޲űħ֣ǵūǵĳǵʳɱĶ󡣡ĸû˵ȥ
˫ۣ˼˵ǰǵǸ֣Ȼǣȴûꣿ
ǻ羧ʯɣ˵˵Ǿ飬Ҳ˵ħȴࡣ֪Ϊʲôѹ𣿾ΪˡһԶƿ䣬ڣѾѪ⣬׵ı࣬һĺӣǰĵǾͲˣĸЦˣ·ҲˣüĿչˡ
ǺǣǺǺǣֲãֲðǰΪħΪ飬ǣܰңˣԳ֮ǰ˵ϣұøãҲǶҵĹģұһ࣬һһģ࣬Ƿ񣿡
ı죬࣬ѵ㻹ָҰ㣿
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࣡ĸҲͬ˵
վԭ̹ˣЩħǴӺζ
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̫һԭֻ̹źͺһս
̫һˣҲûбҪȥˣֻһֻˣǿ󣬿㲻ʲôңʹ̫һˣı˵ǻŪһģϾҪȫѹֻںҲǲܵ飬ԺѱӡֻںҲΪһ
ԭˣƻȻӣʵͻ羧ʯô£
磬ֻܲڶѨ͵ǶѨˮ̶еһǻǿʯͷһκĶѨȡ츫ͻΪΰս̹ţˡ
֮ǰ̹źķоѪΪǿ쾳磬˴󲿷ʹԼ츫նգԹΪ֧ܣѪ⻯ǳƤΪ棬һƬأͻ羧ʯںҲӡ˿ռ֮ڣ󲿷ҲﷱϢ
ң֮һֻǸʱһСֻм´Ӧûû뿪סĶѨɣԣһֱϣܻص磬ȥһǸô磡
ԭ಻ȫ̹ǻ磿
ĸ˵ͷеħ֣ǻ֮ӵпٵصͨӵĿռλ棬ÿһǿ壬ӵһλռ䣬ǻӵƾı졣࣬ͬЩĺӣżһЩȺ壬Ҳֻܶɽе
ѵǸ֣
ǺǺǣʥˣһֻĺ궼򲻹Ϊʥ˻жǿħԿû壬ʥ˶ܰɣ
˵ǵ嶼Ȼ鱦Ʋˡ
ô˵࣬Ǵﵽʥ磬ſЩҰ޶ս̹Ϊ֮ǰҲֻʥ۷徳磬ʹȼվѪƾ迪츫ӵ˿Ҳֻ൱һСС֮֮ϣΪߵĻ粻𾳣
̹Żǻ֮壿һЩʧ̾Ϣһ
㿴֮ʲô
ǻһ𣿡
ǺǺǣ绯ֽϣ㲻Ҫˣ츫Ϊһ壬ʹǿȫɻĸʡ


775 
ԭ壬Ӷ֪ʹûķƷʵ
ĸҡҡͷ˵ң̹ڶһУֻܼˣһ죬Խûˣ֮գ
ĸɫкȻһֵͷЦѾˣϰɣ
ĸɻ󣬳̾һͷϿɡ
Ȼ໥˽⣬ȴҲǱȽ˽ˣ˵ĺˣˣ
ĸüĿɱƭң
Ʋ֪ɷļͬ˵Ļƾʲôȫţ
ĸɱʧЦһǰ
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Ͷ̫һһģѾ겻ˣֻлǵ꣡ĸµһ
գȴͷһ붫̫һ˫޹
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ĸȴʱ΢΢һ߲ϼºȻϻ䣬¶ǰ˵ͪ壬ɢǰվƵǰһ𣿡
ƲĿĸ˳Ϥȴʮİ壬ɨգԼ̵ͦѩ𣬰û
ĸȴһЦȻΪӦ̫һ֫ǰҲһģһôڿƺܾȣˣѾķˣ
ֻҪ꣡ƿĸ۾
ĸֱӾͽ壬Ƶǰƭңƾɽ٣ҲҪɱٴתԶѹ
ж֪̫һݣٴһ䡣
ңûеڶ֪ݣݣͬһǧ˿һһǧ̬ڸ飬Լ鿴ɣ
ûӦ𣬶ǽĸӵ˻УʱǷ

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ܿ죬˾Ѿ·֮£ҲˣȸȸŮҲһ޴֮µǣҲʥˣҲˡ
һһ൱ӵλʥĸ֡
ʹˣɲɽʥرǶԷеķ𶼷ǳĸߣҪʹûӡѹ˶̫һ̫ϡԪʼΪߵʥˣټ촸һˡ
ŮǽŵĶɽЩɱɽԷ͵Ϯ
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Ҫ񣡡һ̧˫֣ӡȻץסڤ˫
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սɷǲģȻĹŽ绹ҪǿýΪý类ͷ߸ڵûʲôˣʥֻڵŮֻƽ֮ýսҲСӡ
ʮɸߵľ˹ףλ檺ʮλˣԼŴ󿰱ДǧСɫɵĿŶսеˡ
գǽĿ˻ĹŽŮ洷˵ϡ
ĹŽǣϣǽտΪƬض׼ҵĺǿɶȲˣ˹Ц
ף˷Ů洵˵ĶС
ȻˣǾ㶷һŮһ֮󣬻ּ䣬ǴѪ˰Ĺžˣ˾˹ȥ
˹Ĺеʥûг֣ҲûټɳԼµДͬ˰࣬Ůɱ

սڳʱڣ˭޷֣ԼҪ̫һҲôɵ顣
Ƶķͨĸ˫޵ĹУ֪ǰ֪飬ƺ̫ϺԪʼΪʲô̫һҲһЩ˽⡣
Ԫʼ̫ϣҲĿĵģӦǶ̫һŵʹûķ
ջ󣬿ǷǳģԼ֪֮ҲһЩˡ
ĸ֮ԳΪŮһӴﵽʥ˼𣬱Ǳ̫һʹûĸꡣ
ǻȴô׾͵õģ̹֮УǼѾ˵Ļ鱦֮⣬Ҳֻе촸ӵд
̫һǣֻҪɱƣõ촸촸֮еĻǴ꣬ǵ鱦ĽϣӶҲﵽ粻ľ磬һԾΪʥ
̫һ֮ûдﵽʥ磬Ϊֻһл鱦Ѿڻ粻ˣʥ۷壬пѾļˡ
֪Щ֮еϵ
˭Լﵽ粻ľ磿ҲѹԪʼ̫ϣԼʥôĵİ̫һˡ
ϲǣ֪ĸ֮ǰ˵ĻƭӶҲΪԼһͨһĴš


776 Ůս
û֪µƾȻĸ˫ޣ˹ڵСŮĿȴڶơ
˾ɱĸ׵Ǹưɣ˹ߵһɫ۵˵
ӵƤͷ˫ݣɭˡ
˹һЦ벻ȻɽۣתͶ̥촸ҲûǸ
Ҫ촸Ҳǲܵģ˵
Ŷʲôð취˹һϲ
ɽϣǶ̫һƺа취ɱƣ
²ôףҿ˵λڿǶɱһЩԣ
ӲĶŽսеˡ
ֻ˹ȴȻΪһмĿ⣬ĿһΣյĸо
ǲϵļΪУ͵Ϯڲ͵Ϯ˼ɽΪϵ͵ʥˣʹ٣ʹʱ䷨ţ۶ԷǺεٶȣӲʱ䷨֮µĹ
գۼ˰׵ۡԵۡڵۣۡƸּۿ죬ʹ촸ֱӽ촸֮ڡ
ȥȫֿӡѹĶ̫һԪʼ̫˶ʥ֮⣬ֻʣޱۡۡ໪ۡʴۣĸмʥˡ
һʹƵ࣬мʥˣƿһץһͬԸͷһ㣬ʣµλۣûһͳĵġ
һĻö̫һ˿գߵҧгݣȴ޿κΣΪһӵƷĻ鱦ѹ˲ѡ
ԣҲȻĿ˹ϣµȻûв³ԼľݣƾԼľ磬ѾܸоԼϵѪҺϲͳߵѪͳˡ
ر˹ϣһЩϤӰӣϢһЩʶĸоĿв޵ɨ˹ߵŮӣϧǣûҵԼĸס
˹ΪҲȻܸоǶеĳޣرǸղŵսɶġ
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˹ߵ˶һ㶣˹ĿȴԽԽ࣬ȴ¶˼ɻ
ǣ˹мᣬȴʹǧ롣
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˹˵ȱ飬ߵĵλӣҲĺŤͷŶ˹ЦһѵʹŮ֮Ҳʲô鲻ɣ
ŮҲ΢ЦĶ˹˼ƺ˵Ƕס
˹ȴεһЦǸƺȷʵһЩϵ
ͬӲĶ䣬һ˲ŲƵ˹ǰһȻ㲻ŮҲûбҪˣҲ壬սϣ㲻Ҫܾ
˼һĻ׷Ȼ֪ԭ˹˽Ů
Ҳǣ˹˽ŮԼ֪жˣ˹ߵŮˣ檣ϵ㡢裬µ˵ķ繫ûһӳƵġ
ټ˹Ѿ֮Ĺϵ˾֪ûбҪˣ˼ҸŮ顣
˹֮ԼսɫŭҪս
֮ǰҺ֪ĸںδҪͬһˣΪײûˣŭ
˹üͷԥãŵĸʬǱҴɽԸ
ΪʲôûΪʲôӡҶԪصĸӦҴӴ˳ΪһˣĿʵʣ˹
˹һ֮һֻȻӣٴ´һ𣬲һһʥôܣԲҵŮ
Ϊ˭ϡŮúݵˣȻңΪҪҵˣ֪ôζȹģڣɣ
һ֮Ʊŷܿռϣһ֮ĳǹ
˹˸ҧңʹҵŮΣҷӡΪãҸһӷˣȻѾµĸǾӦúúϧս
˵ϻĸ׵ʬǣһԵɽȡأɣһ֮λһ⣬緢ļʸ˹ȥ
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ֵըûг֣ͷ·ֱӽƵġ
˹Լʮֲ졣
Ȼ˹ɫ䣬ΪоԼĴкȻһδԭ򣬾͸оԺȻһʹһէ֣һ޵Ŀռɢȥ˹Ĵֱͬķ顣
˹ЩǺȻȴûз֡
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777 µ
ԲӪң󷽵ŮĿƵϡ
ȴҡͷ˵˽£Ҳħ룬ǰæģȹһأΪ϶һҲ˵ǻǿ˵ɣʥһκβССܶԸ
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˶ǺɱģٵһȰɣҸоԼѾҪﵽʥˣĺڴָоЦЦ
Ůһϲģ
ĸĽһȥӴԺûħˣΨбǣҾѾ֪㣬պȥ죬춷ضħһߵͣ
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ޣǧ֮ڣ˹ʹпȻ鱦Ҳ޿κΣζ顣
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㲻ŮΪҪף㲻ûоְ𣬻꣬ʲôʸ˵ҵĸף˹ı
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һ֮˹еֶȥһɫ˲
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˹͵һͣͷԼĿڣֳ˳³һܣ߱ǹȻɱ㣿ʥ˶Ҫ䣡
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ջĿ⣬´߱ǹɫһЩСͻֻ̣ǹͷȴޱȣ˸Ĺâɱ֮۶ɵģǱУɱ֮סԷ꣬Ҳ˹Ϊ޷ԭ
ϧȴħ޲T㵽˭Ȼٺһ߱ǹֱָˡ
㣿ɫһղŲ˵涼κβʱ˾ѾˣҪһ˵˻˻Բţǣ˹ȴͬ
޲Tܿ߱ǹ㣬ɱ˹ʱȴ޶ԣĿˡ
𾪰ֿ֮˿˹ļλ檣ٺһΪʲôɱɱ
ŻȻ򣬿Ǽ֤˲ʵǣȴֲΪ˹𣬲Ȼҿºڣ˵κβЩĶ֣
Щ檵У󲿷綼ġ
ھŴľλД˼ûˣԺֻһµ䣬˹ȻᱻĶȡͬ˹ĸףӶ֮λһ
˭벻ȡ˹Ĳ˹Ķӣ˹Ů
ѵԺǵŮҲûʲô׵ģŮҪ˹Ӻദ˹ȥɣˣָʲô
Д໥һۣ׷ǰ˲ǰͬҵȹ
һ˹ЩŮ˵ըף𾪵İδ׷״Ҳ̫˰ɣ


778 ߱ǹ
ҲǳĲ죬Ҳ벻Լɱ˹ı֮ЩДΪ˹𣬷ԼĽ£Լ
ʵҲûʲôֵģؼѾӿٵʱڣѾá
һĽսӵ˸֪Ů񣬶ѾдؽᱻȡϢ
ȴЩˣĿڶźˡ
˵ɫҲȻһЦ벻벻ڤ֮Ȼ֧㣬Ҳħ޲T߱ǹȷʵħ޲TУֻϧؼʱȴˣ޲T㺦Ҳǳ
è壬֪ǰ˱ı˳ɹԼǰľŴДǶɣλãʱһ룡
Ͳ뵱νȻЦŮԺƷ桢Ƶɽۣ治ͳһ
ԣûܾ˵
ǰ˸ҿãˣ
ŴДһ˻֪Ļˣͬʱһģֻ˹ĹʦͿ˳ˣ
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лл˼æȻõ˾ŴДĹϣ֮λǿ϶סˣ벻ϿҲϿɣֻҪϾɱͺá
ߣ㣬ѵ˹ûаҵˣǵĺǶѺǣʦ˵˻˹һŷŵī
˵ŮһýŷŵҲߵǸΪػ촸һ֮һ
ˣҲ׷׽Ŀ⼯ڹʦϣǵĿУܿǶԹʦǺεȵķŭ
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Ƶ˵ͷȴûӹ߱ǹ߱ǹʥ˶ɱǳ˲֮⣬û˸
촸أϳһڼףŽӹ߱ǹ߱ǹֱӾ촸֮ڡ
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ƾ͸о·һ˲ԼʶԼԺ֮Уľһ
ȴûľţٺһ
ʶ֮£һɫƥķ촸Ųƹ˲价߱ǹܡ
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߱ǹȻʵ࣬Цֹͣ
Ʋǣ߱ǹĻƺ߱ǹˡ
Ȼüƽ촸Ȼ촸еĻѵ㻹ﵽ쾳粻ɣ㵽˭ƼæռֱӾͽ߱ǹ˳ȥ
ֻ߱ǹյ棬Ƶı𷢶˹

촸ѾƵı϶ΪһȻη߱ǹĹ߱ǹһɣ롣
뿪һӣٴν߱ǹץУ߱ǹμٲһɫĶħơ
촸ı˿壬棬촸֮лıĶħ겻Ƶڣͱ촸ɢĻɱˡ
һȫԸ߱ǹ̫һ˾͵˴ϢĻᣬ̹Ÿ鱦ٴκһͻӡӡȵգӱ㻤˻һǣԶȥҲӶĻӡѹ
߱ǹûƵƣΪʱƵΪڰֻʥ磬ǧڼںϣڿռԽԽȹ̣ԽԽ󣬿ռ֮Ǳ
ԣŵ߱ǹʼɣٴδɭ죬뿪ұɱȫң
һֻ֪ͷ¶β󱲾ȻҲвңЦһںϵĴ򣬷׷ͨץס߱ǹֻ߱ǹ֮ڡ


779 ųħ
Ʋ֪߱ǹصõ˭ȴҲܲµ붫̫һһЩϵп붫̫һıйأȻҲͲŹ߱ǹ
ΪƶԸַںҲԽԽ࣬ʹ÷߱ǹ
ֻϧ߱ǹƷĻ鱦ںڻǰֵһᣬлıƵĸֹ޷˺߱ǹڲ˻ꡣ
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ʱĶ̫һ̫ϡԪʼԶ룬ѾˣɽʥץıץѾ֪޷ɱƣпܱƸɱˡ
ӵ֮⣬̫һ̫ϡԪʼˣֻһ취ɱ죬ȡ촸
̫üͷʲô취ƷĻ鱦⻹ǸصŮӣ˹ܱɱϢ͵Ϯңָоʵ̫ˣ
̫һüͷԺиֳΣǸŮȷʵһ㣬鱦κβ߱ǹɱȷʵǸ鷳ֻҪλܰʵǸԿ׵Ľɱ
ʲô취Ԫʼʵ
Ǻħλ鱦һɿ츫Ӱ׵أħų̫һֻҪħһȻ׵ɱǸŮˣ
ųħԪʼ̫϶˶һͬʱҡͷ
̫ϵʣħ̹ѹģ̹ڶɱųǶҪң˼ɱǣ׶٣
̫һҡҡͷҿȻǾȳħħȻмǣֱ̹ѹ꣬бȻкǿԹޣһǻӡҲͻ³ɽۣʱħȻὫɱҪռ磬Ҫӵв£ʱǿͶܱȱ׷Ŵĺã
̫ϺԪʼĬˣվɫصҡҡͷ
̫һĿ⺮˸˲ָѾ췢ģɱ죬ͻ촸Ǹ꣬ǳΪ粻𾳽磬ͬԷģֻҪܴӦңҿǴֻ粻Ĺ
ŶԪʼ̫ͬʱһϲ
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Ȼ̫һҡҡͷҲһӾͽħųֻҪչ¶Ϣ֮ͨУʱģӦɱǣٷ
Ԫʼ̫ԥ
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̫һգʱͰѵҵԣҶˣҰִķڸˣӦô죿Ҳޣ
ԪʼæҡͷǵȻǲ㣬һ⣬ǲǶûķ
̫һ۾һУҪ궼ǲ𾳽磿
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Ƕˣ̫ϺԪʼһ
ȻҲŻǣǺħ˺е˵ģһֱҪ뿪̹棬Լļ磬ʹҪҲг˲У̹ˣҲˣ˭
Ԫʼգ˵ͷŮʹúǬѹһˣĵһҪɱˣ϶һǣ
ҲҲģֻҪǽųҸԸΪʦ϶ӦģᴫĻ̫һһȻ̬
Ԫʼ̫ϡ
̫΢΢ͷȻǶôϿɣôҴӦǣһǺħԸǣ㶫̫һҪΪ˵ϾǶˣ
̫һһЦȻǾͿʼĥôܰų


780 ŭ
̫ϵ˵ͷǬѹأҪҲô׵ģңӡҲһִغħ֣ȻҲʹûӡһͬѹʱǿɾ޷ųħˣ
ٺ٣ǲõģ̹ô꣬ķӡˣֻҪǳ֣Σ׵ƿǬֻѹڵһСƬǿԵΧ
̫ϺԪʼ˵ͷƬ½ΧȥֻҪ֮أֹ̫ͣ
ǲĻ֮أ̫ϺԪʼɫҲǳأͬʱ˶̫һ
Ǿʹ￪ʼɣ̫һ
ѾӦǶˣֻҪųħʹڸǻķ̫ѵ
ǷľǣٴҵħģǽħųҶ̫һȻὫķǣ˰ɣ̫һ̫ٴηĵ
УղѾ֤ˣǺħὫķҲڸǣԪʼҲ˵
ҵǲܿ϶ȻǶ죬ǱϾǺϤʱһС϶̸̸ӦڸǣҰɱ죬ôٷ
Ԫʼ̫໥һۣͬʱ˵ͷԪʼˣһΣϣܳɹɣֻһǵŮ活᲻ᣡ
ٺ٣λģȫѹ߱ǹûʱֹǣŮ洣ҲҪúǬѹأúǬԸǵĻҲһǵص׺ħˣ

λɽϣҲǿʥˣٴ׳鱦໥ϳһ޴Ŀ츫Ӱ׼ǰĴؾȥ
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ԶŮ洡ƵҲͬʱӦ˴صһ㣬һͷۻ
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һ˼ɵĹУԪʼֲ̫ϵغÿһκ֮£ǵص׵ѷ춼صѾʼкðˡ
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̫ϺԪʼĶ
δǴ𻰣ƾٴһص֮ԲܷųԪʼ̫ϣǶ˿ĺָ㣬Ǻӣ̹ת֮ԣǾԲܷųص֮̹涼֮һ壬Ҳؽᱻλǰɰ
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ǲҪͣǺ£̫һæο
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ʱǵص׵ĺ۳һֻ޴ĺں꣬ȻǱ𣬿Ǳ֮ȴѾʮǿθߴǧԣǶֻҪҳȥʲôҶԴӦǣ
ģԪʼϲ
ȻΪ棬ֻҪǷңҿԽΪʥ֮һὫķڸǣڻص
ã̫ϺԪʼϲܲȷԣ
Ȼԣһ췢ģǷҳȥұȴڸǻ֮Υԣ𣡡
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أĸǵص׵Ŀռƺʼըѣʹλ涼ͣӶüɶƵˣβϵҡΣЩ׹䡣
̫ϡԪʼǶ˲ҪִԲˣΪʱӣٴδ
СС࣬ȻֹҳǾ޴ĺڻӰһ˲Ȼû˶̫һ֮ڣ֮
һϵĹɢȥռ䲨캣ˮһһƵ˳˹ȥ
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ʹ촸ǣȴоԽǿ̫һǸ߱ǹķȾԽǿԼԼһȥơ


781 ں
ᶨ߱ǹڻ֮ϵ˵Ļ߱ǹζܷߵģ򣬶ԷжһƷĻ鱦սȻٴӡ
ҵģգ˴һһ̾ͷ˳ȥ׹ţһ޴İͼ׼̫һǸλȥ
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䡭
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Ůɫ԰ף˫ֲķӡǲͣĺǬ֮ϡ
ڤҲüͷ˺ȵ֮ĳҷ£ҿɲ㣬Ƿ粻һֱԴħڵصһֻȿڵǿħѹ𣿡
ƺҲൽ·ı䶯ΣȴûгֵĴ㣬ֻԹۡ
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صըѵԽԽɱɽСˣЩѷ֮ڡ
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ʥǣսľڤüͷһҿ㳷ˣ
һ֣Ѿ޽âû˺ɫ֮ڡ

洫޴ĽɫײѾ޽ɳ֮ĹâѾǳޣ·Ϣɥһ㡣
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ŮͷŮʹŮ˽ȥʹ
ŮҲ˽ȥ֮ϣ͸ֳֻ޴İɫ򣬷·ʹ֮ȶ֮£ٵڵķȥ
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ģ꣬ϺҲŭΪۣ㣬ұ꣬ΪƬ֪꣬ʲôķ𡣡

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785 Ĳ
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һֽŮڻУܣƿصŮˣûܳҵĵģ
˵䣬ѾֳһһŮһŲ
Ůˣ׷ƵץÿһΣץһƣţһٶŮÿһץסһЩƱ뿪

˵һԣŤŤֵıƱס֮ԽԽɬ
ΪƵĴ֣ƺ˲·棬ǹƤǵò̡
ҪһСأһ˵Ļ̳ϣбŲĶߣ˽
һЩӦȴû룬ƺŻƵϣʵʵҸͲȥֻһУǵѵ𣿡
Ժ˵ɣһǸоᷳˣ뿪Ҳ٣ЦЦҪҪһȥ磿
ŲҪ˵ǺȻüĿڵһǵȥΪҴҽĸ׸
Ƶ˵ͷ˵ֱʧһ̣硣
һΣͨģֻϺϡ
ֻ꣬˺еǸ쵰ں֪ûйϵ
ϺƺȻ֮󣬻æڵأϺˣ
һĻƾͷԼˣٻתһĻĻɣԼһ·ǲǱ˰аźõġ
ʼ񵽵ǱľҲпǺǼϼһ͸ԼģԼ˫֮Ļ˵ǿ˹ⰲŵء
ΪĸϼһУֻп˹ȽϻһЩ
뵽ͷƤһ飬ŷԼǰ̫ˣôߵΪԼһһӲ˼ҵ۾Լɶʱĸϲļһﶼڱ͵Цء
ЦЦŲֱŲƵɽ֮ϡ
аټɽϣһ̻Ի͵Ľ
˸ոһƬ޴Ĺ㳡֮ϣǸ֮󣬾½ɳˣŴДȫ룬һ˹ķԼ˹λǡ
ҵȰݼ򣡡ͬʱʮȵĹ
һĻҲѾ뿪ƵĻԽԽ˵ȣĿ𣬾þδ


787 ֮
ˣ޲ʩ񣬿ǲȴֻƬֿ̣ơ
Ƶ˵ͷſ˵Ҿݴˣĸ׵Ĺǻںδ
Ļ䣬һ彣ߴӾʹԶУһɫСӡ
֮üһԷ˹Ȼֻһ
һֱȵ˹ǰ̧˫֣˹нӹӣӸԶ¶һɫС̳
ת˿ƣ΢΢ͷ̧˫֣Щǻ֮ϣ̳֮ĹǻҰʹùǻҷɳ̳ڣڿУ󻯳һΡ
ķӯѪ⿪ʼ
ֻ磬ȴһʹ˸
ֱʱ֮ɢȥ¶һ̬Ůӡ
Ů黨£ɢ磬濴ֻжʮ꣬ΪոԵʣĿ⻹һЩ͡
ֻǣʱɫȴ΢΢һһЩȷʵٶ
ĸףһᣬӨỨӣֱӾͱסŮӡ
ŮӼˣȦһ죬סҲ鲻
˼һĻһЩζǶƵһȴҲǳ𾪣Ҫ֪һ˸ɲǼ򵥵ļַģʮַ򣬾ͲһܸģʹУ˵Ҫ
ĸŮ˿ã˹ſһݣ
ĸע⵽ܵ˵ȣֻǵ˹֮һϲ㣿
˹գգۣҲһЩǰȥҪȥץݵ֡
һۣĸף
˹һ·һ˲ȥ࣬ǽɫķ˿Ҳò԰ˣ֮ɢİҲήˡ
ٶ㸸ףôˣ㸸ô˵ʹѵ
Ҹף˹ӽҲټ㣡˵˻ʱɱҲѾɢ
Ϊʹɢһɱߵķܳܵģɫ˲԰ޱȣθǲͣ
ĸףŵüæɱ
ٶô㸸װݵѾ
ݣⲻҲãߣԺлǻܼ棬һٸһеģҶԲ˹תΣһɽƮȥ
Щ檼һĻ΢ԥȴҲȥ
ٶ㸸ףҲԣҲã
˹ӡңҪɱңѵҲԸɱıѾŮˣȻоǰŮһЩʵԼеĸƺ̫Զ̫Զ
գʱˡ
ĸף֪˹˹£ı£İ㣬ôȥץסݵ˫֣ʵ
Ƽˣæץס˲ֱۣ黹Ժ˵գĸ׸ոո鶼
˵ЩƻתΣżɽ˹˵˹ĹʦǺˣ߱ǹǴӺζ
˲ûи߱ǹ飬ʱҲѯʣ˹϶֪ģһҪԼˣƲ׵ķŹ
˹תΣ΢ԥһ£ʦ޲T
޲T޲T˵ֻҪɱңϧȴԼĹʦЦһϴսʹ߱ǹɱ˹ı
˹̾һֱɽҲ׷׸棬ĬĬ
ֻǷȴһֱüͷƺƴĻʲô
ֱݺ˹֮飬ƺô׽֮䲻ڻûи飬֮ǰѾôľرѾ˺ӣڲ˵࣬Ҳȥ꣬ڷ˵ȴ൱ڸո˯ѣ
Щ飬ѾҪԼˣĬĬǣ˫֣΢Цѵڻĸףȥ׷˹ɣŲԺôĸ׻Ϊ˹ȻҲΪĸ׵ġǣԺǵ·ҪߣҲǵ޾չҪһЩģ򣬻Ȥ
Ƶİο֮£̧࣬ۿƣ˫ֻıסƵƵĻУ
ãųĳһ΢Цſݣĸףǲ˹һȥϣҸʱ䣬ɽŮ
һ֮󣬲ּ䣬ͽɽ˹ߡ


788 
Ҫ飬ѾˣӴԺҲͿңǣٺ١һӸоɣ顢顢ޡŭ𡭡һƺһӶ䵭ˣָӵĸ飬ֻӦݵķˣڵֻ㣡շۺƱˡ
뿪˾ͺã䣬ʲô޷أֻҪš
򡭡Дٴһ񣬾ͽƺͲһӭӵ֮С
һλД̸ˣıǣƵ֣ʼΰ
ϣһȽңֱһյʱ䣬ﴫˣС䣡
ƺٺһЦȻ֪Ǻߣƿţ߽֮С
ߵĲ˼¶ͷĲƸĶһֱܶСкԸɳĲǺ棬ڴ֮ϣôһֻôһ־̬
֮䣬ҪЩ񣬲ѾһԸ֮󣬽Ӹˣֻɲ˼Ȼڽ֮ϣȴʮɬ
ȴþɳȻЩһߣһ߽ϵ·ȥ˻δ굽ֻֽȥˣֻĸоͨƣƵĸй٣ֲƺֻ£Ǳ⣬֣ƺ˲ΰ꣬ģģֻǲȴڲͣĲš
ٺ١аЦȻͽƿˡ
ѽǸŴƵĲƺûϵᷢһĻоԼһžһж¶ǻһĿ£ľһ
ȻǰŮദǴʱĺȻҪԼһжƵʱһЩţղҲһֱŮ֮飬ǽԼĸо׻ôĸо
Բɵӣƾ֪ﻹǽŵģĿȴʼŲƣƤѩһİף֬һۣơ
ܿʹտʼĨϺΣֱȫΪû뵽ƻֱƿӣԼȫԲ˶ڸסԼӣֻãȻġЩµĿͬûдһ·ƣĿҲŲƣŮɬĶ
֮ϵĲСС㣬ֻ۵ĻԲȣ˸žӨĹâŵĽ֯һСС¸ոպס̵ͦԲΣԼԲļֱۣ롣
ڲܵţӶΣ΢΢ڽϣ˫ֻǰƿǰ޴ֻ͸ֱۣɽһǣɽһǣȴҲԲͦˣССȼ
Ө׵ķ۷ۼȾһɬ糺죬ϵ𾪣ȴƸоĶǾġ
һ˲䡢һ㡣
û뵽ֱƿӣҲû뵽𾪡
ڲܿعæӣԼĽסˣܾͬһ½УƺĽߣн㻵
һ㻵ƸĻ󷢣֮ģǺܿÿӣȥͬ˷ǰ㣬ƾĴӲ󣬽סˡ
ֻоԼһƺҪһδεҪһϸŮӡϸӣһ԰ҲԽưŮӣʱڽӴƵһ̣е뷨ȫʧˣȫհףֻ˫֣ȴڽץŽһǡ
ѾţоԼľȻ㺹
ôأ𶼲£ѵ㻹𣿡ƷڲĶЦ
˭˵ˣȷʵһЩ£ֻϧȴ֪ʲô
ٴλЦ˼һ𣬲оǺԼĹ鲻Խ΢΢һ
ֻòתƽԼǲߣһֹֻסʹľӨ¶ͷ̧
֮Ϻ쳱ܲܵƵ۹ɬıͬƶӣǺͣĳëԼĺƣ˿ƺû׼
òԼ˻ܹĸоѹԼǰͦΣ΢΢ͷܿһĹֺž޴ѩס
˫΢΢ڲıŲţٸоŲСƽ̹Ϸ֮ͦʱ˫ҲѾǻԲΣľ˵
Ѿʼȼ档
ٶ£๫㣡
³һ仰֮󣬽ͷ£ӡڲʺĺ촽֮ϡ


789 ĸ
ǲһܣ֮ǰһֱŮװԼһӣûҪǸӷʲôȻѾΪʥˣһЩȴ˵׼׼õģͨЩδµŮһڵһкܴĽš
ɬŵĲƵĻûзӦ͸оԼĺ촽ϸŻ棬ոһʱס漴ϣоһαÿհףת·ƶˣƺڴ󺣡
ȴܿòѹֻоȫ紥һ㡣
š
΢΢һߣͱƵĴû
ƵĿߵ˲΢ŵıݣ˲СУȡţȴջǾһ
һֱڲƵֻ֣Ѿʼ˲ֻϣȴ޷ȫĸס
ܵǰδ˴ĲλֻƺɢָǣӲ֮һɲǼ䣬˱̱£һߵ
ĸоǷõ壬Լ˫ֵץҲڲϵı仯״
˵¶ƺڿٵţ֪УϵǼΨһСС㣬ҲѾˡ
Ƶһֻ뿪һʣ˳̵ͦķΣһֱܴ̽ٴһһ׵̱ƵĻС
ã˫ֿ
һ졢㺹Ĳķ˲ϣ˵Ҫȥˣ
ѾĴСµǸɢ֮۴ϵŲƴÿһζ˲ĲܿƵһЩĵ˵ͷһţ

𣬲޷Ƶķȴ޷԰εϲָоֻаڿսɿͣǽʵϣָײģҪƤ֮С
һҪԼڵĸоƵĶҲԽԽ죬ԽԽңҲԽԽѾȻǷˡ
֪˶ãֱβӵһʱ򣬲۽ȴˮ
ڲûǷգһָͷ㷢һĨȥǾӨỨôˣ
¶ѤõЦݣŬŬ죬ȴɬĸƵĻС
ƼˣԽҪ֪Ϊλֱ飬һ£ЦңЦʲô
Ųأɬ
治ңƵһֻץסһֻӣв
ٴһߣһЩĵſң
ͲţңҾͲţ
úúãҡҲ֪ԭŮ֮䣬ôҸסƵľո糺죬ٿơ
ڲ֪٣Զ֪˿ֵ飡Ц
̧ͷĵ˵ƵıӣȢôţǲ֪ˣ
Ȼ
ֲãΪʲôҵң
һͷߣѵռʱ򣬾͸Ǹʱ򣬿Ůװʹ֪Ůӣ飬ôڣ
ҲܣһҪ
Ҫ

˶û˯Ҳûйʲôʱֱ֮󣬲Ʋ߳䣬ֻƸоԼеۣ΢תûʲôˡ
Ƿˣ֤߲ţƳĸ̾һ
ߣ֮ǰϵʱΪʲôôڸװһһȥѵ
ðɣװģƿЦãǲҪɽأ
ţƣƵĻ˵ӰҲ֮ʧ
ɽֻвһѪɵķǣȴѾǹϵˡ
صɽ֮󣬲ͿʼˣΪѾоԼµĸָͷ·Ǿ֮󣬲ŻеֿһУȴеƮͼ͡
ƽ촸֮ˣڵõɻķ֮һԡ
֪ԼܵԪأԼΪ޷ĹжջĻսȻкܴ
ͬҲ˾֮УΪǧѾںϣǿ˹ĸо֪Լʥ硣
ŮҲ½˾ޡ
ʱţ
һգ޵ƣȻ˫ۣһâԺĸֳΡ
ܣĸԼվʻʢĻ԰֮С
ɽˣĸ۾ƣ΢Ц
Ҳվ˵ͷںѾǽˣƺҲѾﵽʥ۷ˣ
ûĸ
Ƶ˵ͷͽľĸ


790 ɹԡ
Ƕȥ죿֪ҺʱܳȥѾʥˣĸԼƵΪ֮һЩʧ
ʥѵ㲻ģ
ĸҡҡͷҲ֪
Ϊʲô
ΪĸĿȻࣺ㻹Ҫ𣿡
һһ㶣֮ȴЦһûԸأ
ĿԴҳȥ
ȵȰɣǻٴζʥأʱһһȥȥһ磡˵䣬סĸ˫֣ǣҲŻҸҲֻǣԺҲȥŮˣҪң
ĸһۣҲ֪ǻ˼Ұ
εһЦ֮գգۣұģ˵ıԣɲԹң
ĸٴԹĿһۣ֪һЩŮҲԺģ
ģҪ٣ҿԷ֤Ҫж٣Ҹͬ
ҪѽĸĴ
ƴûмĸһ棬ץסĸ˫֣ȴؽ˻УĶ˵һշްնѾķޣмѿֹǵأʲôǲܽأ
ĸſı۰ܰûиܹƵİԵֻо·ʧȥƵĻУҲԸŲ
Բ𣡡ٴ³֡
ΪʲôҪ˵Բ𣿡ĸŬŬ˵
һգҲõ㣬Դң
ʵҲûֻװ㲻ңŲˣҲŻῴ㣡ĸ
ģһϲͷĸ
ĸֱ·װֻСӣ糺죬ȥƶӡ
̧ĸԲ°̧ͣ𣬿ĸǽŮɫСĻ翪ʼһ
ĸֻоС±ӲĶţ뵽ĳһЩ飬Ȼ̧ͷ
ֻδ͸о촽ȻһȻסˣܿһԼС֮ڣ˿˱ݡ
ĸһֻоȫ·ת˫ֽƵ½󣬷ͦѹƵĻС
ã֡
죬źԡɣĸ̧ɬơ
һϲǾµĶͷһ£ǣ֣һͬ˴רõԡء
ԡеˮɲһˮɵģԡУֻǿ˸оˬΪҲкܴĺô
Ȼһˣĸ·ɬ죬Ƚȥһ
һЦ˵ͷ⿪·ɳԡ֮ڡ
¶˵ˮУƸеȫȫδеʺͷɣȻڵ˵ˮãȴԸһͬԡ
ܿ죬һ˫СִƿڳرߵļϣİưĦ
֪ĸ֮£ѾȫȻİԼˣҲЦһ㣬Զԣߣ
ĸĬϸĵࡢƬ̣ȻסƵĲӣ˵һ𣬷ƵĶЦԺҲΪӣ
ٺ٣ǺãھһѾɴץסĸֱۣһѽˮء
˿̵ĸںڵͷɸ߸ߵķ٣¶޳ĲӣµϣĨ糺졣
˵ֻһư͸ıɴһݶʱϣŸʶ˵ʺ飬ŵչ¶ƵС
ĸһֱԼǰ΢΢ɬֱȥʹӶƵĻЦôң
˵ţĸһ˫С֣Ѿ˳ƵĲϵƤĻԲȦ
Ʊ壬оž޴ѹԼţĸоǶ˵顣
ʱеĻ棬ٴαȼˣ·֮Ķĸƽ̹Сϡ
ܵСɢĸһ˫ʱĵγˮ˫һнһ¡
һƺƷ·ǰĸʱǸʱĸԼȷʵʮҲԼͬԡֻǶ˵ȴ޷ͨн٣ڣȴѾȫͬһˣ顣
ĸĴϢţϢصƿڱ֮ϡ
Ҳ޷Կأ˫һͶĸСںݺݵѹȥĸһӭ϶ϣ˫۹Ƶľŷʴһ㱡ɴϵĥƣһ㱡˿Եûޱȡ


791 ٱ
Ƶ˫ԽԽ¶޹ǵĸڵƷȴеᣬֻž·ҪĸǶԼһ㣬ֲĸ̽Ѱš
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ĸķǵܻӭӼеģһִֻΰ꣬һֻȴȻŷĸʡ
ֻʴİãűɴвϵı仯״ʺ߸
˻
һѽĸϱɴ˺ѣתֽĸصѹʯɵˮرߣŰɫķΣƣִƬӰʥأһƬŢ
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ĸ˫糺죬βüŤͷ˿Ŀ
Ǵʱ񣬶˵ȴʾжĪģ̧һƣǷξһơ
ءĸٴһݸԵջޱȣ̲סһĵ׵
վĸȴһͦûǳŢխܴ

ţ
õƺߣĸƺ䷢ö˸ܵ˶ԷĸонҲȫȻʧȡ֮ǽܵںϡ
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ãƲҪȥӺסĸǰ׹µֻӣĵĽĸתԼϣһꡭ
ֱֹͣ˲žһһ̣֮ŷ·ܵ鴥µĽϣǺεȵĸо
ĸĶ˵Ժ棬ҵ
ĸ̧ۣ΢ЦͲǳԴף
ǲģҵĵһֻҪ㲻ҪǵĴ׾УֻΣգҲôľͳȥֻɣ
ᱣǵģĸͷһƵĻ

գǧꡭ
һգƴŮ˼սĳء
ǲԶˣŮ洡ˡڤ桢ͨ졣
ƻͷ˿Ůһɨǣ̫ĲᣬܿͷֳÿһӵסһŮ
ŮĸŮǷƱԡ
ܴߵģֻŮö˵Ѿʱ䵹ʥŮƾõͬѾ˳ʥļĸǧĽʧһʱ֮Ҳﵽʥ֮
ֻŮȴʥ˼ûдﵽȻǲܴ뿪ˡ
๫᲻㣡̾С죬ץסԼƵһһȥ
ƵһЦҲ뿪ģԺ㣡
ŲҪֻǷﲻ֪Ƿ
ͬһĻŮӵϷҲͦܵġ
๫һܿﵽʥģʱҾͿԳȥˣּ̧ᶨ˵
Ƶ˵ͷ֪Ѿʥˣʵ֪绹ܲͬһֻҪԼ¾Ͳ֪絽ô磬Ųðա
๫Ѿʥ˼ˣģһ죬һȫΪ޲࣡뾱̷˵

ȸȸŮվһͬһˣǾƣŮκһĻȫԴﵽʥֻϧÿһ˵ֻֿʥˡ
ɻ죬һ߶ţƵǰôԲҺأڵĻǾܰĻ鱦ˣǻں˺㣡
ЦЦֲǲˣżʲôȳȥ浽ôһ磬Ҫǣҿ϶ģ
ҪأͲˣɻԹơ
СӣˣˣҲˣһǵģǶﵽʥ֮һǶȥģţ֮̽пܼʹﵽʥҲߵģ̧ࡣ
ֱ̧֣ѾΪƷĻ鱦촸׼·ĵȥ
ǣ
һ죬ռһͨѷȻ֣ɫĹ⻪˵ϡ
ƿ˿ͨˣǿȳȥˣ
ͨ졢Ůͬʱͷһɳѷ졣
ȴֵ̧һ롢Ҷȱ
ģֲѷ츽ŤͷŮ˵ԺǴﵽʥҵķͨͨģȻѾǰȴҲһƷ鱦Ҫһʲô֪ΣգҲܣҵһԶģ


792 ޻
˵䣬СɵѾ𽥳󣬻ɵĴСƵһһƬҶϣĿޡ
ƴĸŮŮһͬѷ֮С
๫Ů
ȴûлͷ

ƵˣĿǰɫ磬·һжǰʣһɽȣͰéݡƤ࣬ԶȥѾģˣ߾Ȼֻס
ңǿ󣬾ͷ·Ȼ˱ȵҪǿǧ򱶵½ϡ
޷Уĸܡ
ʥ޷У룬ʥ˺Ȼֻ൱ѧĺͯˡ
ֲ˵ʥ棬һֻҰ޶򲻹
ֻǣһǳ֣ȴûӭǣû˳ʱǰ˺顣
ǰףһЩͯ͸ˣɫŵĿȿǰɭ֣ȴѾʼҲ
ƺһͷӴĹޣԽԽӽľۼء
ƺȻǰİ׷ߡ
ںߣ˹Ҳɫ䱸
ɫĹ߷·ʲôһ㣬һͷɵȻĳǰ
壿ƿǺɫƤëѹĻں
һεĲƣӻںüɢǲײƵԺ֮УⲨƾͷ·ֱӹͨ
ȻҷǺ֪ͨǣɱЩ࣡ǲ֮еϢ
һʱ䣬һҵĲһֻֻɫһ߲ɵС꣬ӺںһԾɱȥ
˼һĻκȻɡ
һȭͷ׼ǻںͻ˹ȥ
ÿ츫ͬ˻ں
˹ȲϵСꡣ
䡭
ںצŵأǰצգȻƴɺĿ츫Լϡ
һսȻ˿·硣
ЩС걻˹ɱࡣ
ȴԽԽ࣬ǧһ㣬в٣Ȼɽȵ
һԾ£ֱ˲еȺ
꣬⵽ʲôһ磿ȻһȺΧƴһκȻǡ
ĸŮҲͬ˰ɾˣ˫Ų̤棬һ
ڿУ˾͸ԻӶ˫ȭδصļֻˡ
䣡
˫أزžЩһֱڹעǰĲˡ
飬˼飡һЩ˿ʼ
˵ĳ֣ͬҲǰĻںˣĿһɻ󣬺Ȼһǵ໽УŤͷǰɭԾȥˡ
ʣµһЩС֮Ҳ׷׺󳷣գ֮䣬ʧӰ٣һѵĺʬ塣
ȻûԪأ·綼ɷ۶ɣҪֻշȻ۳Ϊ壬أ˫ȭи̾
죬ôͳˣЦһ
棬⵽ʲôط
֮磬ǲд࣬Ҳǲˣֻ⸽һĲ䣬ĸδ֮ǰ඼ȦոսǶˣӦҪ˶ãǻҵģѾͨΡ
˻㼯һһٲ԰׵Ĳ죬뵽һé
ƺһľӣоľҲͦģˮƺҲһˮˮϵɵġ
ͨ˵ĽܣƽľĹ
ɽķķûʲôãκȣ඼ʮСģߣеһ㡣
ǣǴﵽʥ࣬ȴһ츳ͨǾǾ޻ԻˣͨҲΪͨе츳Ҳȥʱ
Ϊʥ൱ǷĻǧ϶ɵ壬ԣʥ磬Ȼ޷֫ޣȴȻеķзӣγɵһϵı仯
ֻǣȴʳײ㣬Ϊ಻ɻû޷ʹ鱦ôǿ󣬼ʹǻ鱦ҲɱһЩΪ֡
ʵ֮ǰ󲿷඼ǶɽģЩéݣҲĸ֮󣬸ոǴģ͵
Ƶ˵ͷƵ˼ҡͷ˵ҷʱ䷨ʲôѹˣ޷ҵĵ
ǺǺǣǵȻ磬κηǵ޷ıģֻǣ裬벻򣬾ͬͨķ޷뿪һ㣬ǵһһ֮У磬಻ҪκεķֻҪӪȫͨԺȾܵõȻɳ͵ӵǧϵˣֻȴҲУҪϵĸ򣬷򣬾޷ʹ޻𿪿Ц


793 Ǩ
ԭͺȻȴ޷ÿԵУǿȴûõ꣬˵ǵǵʵǲģƷʵ
ȻһЩǿǣ
ΪΣ
ɲҪǣǳԹҰ޵ģҰ̹еҰ޲ͬڶĻȻʹûٻܹһЩĴһô
Ŷͷһϲô˵ǳԺлҰޣҲܹһİ
ͬĵ˵ͷ֪ϴθֻйоʲôŵ
΢΢ͷ
ͬʱһϲͬ棿
ʵҲûʲôֹֻʺңȴһʺǣҵ걾ǻɣϣûκѹءؼϣҪӵǿܹ꣬Ч˵ҲҪʥ˾ʵ
˵ţֻ̧ȭͷʼɫĹΣܿȭͷ뵵ɫʯ
ģⲻлû֮ɣ˹
ȻǣֻǶԻһãǿ꣬ƻӳѪϸ֮ڣ
ΪǲܣüͷһǵѪһ𣬱Ȼɴʧ⣬ط磬ֻ٣ǵ궼һɣ
ҲΪҵȽԭɣҵûκεķã෴Ҵﵽʥ֮ҾѾԺܺõĿˣʵʥ˾ʱҾͿԿ촸ڲĻԵУ
ֱʹԹȴвֻܴͨ鱦鱦ƻԵУҲһ
Ѿںֻķ΢޸һ£ڴǣһԣܷУ
˵䣬ֳĵ񣬽Ϣ˺ˡ
˵ô˹Ŀ
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С۾ڻ޷տ츫֮еĻȴ뱻䷴ɣˣˣʵҲѾ̫ˣ֮󣬿ԵѸѪ⣬඼УѾľˣ̰ģĲˣ
΢΢ͷҲ൱ڶһֿٻָͨ
޻ָͨˣ˶˵Ļ֮еʧٵõһЩֲ
˵˵ͷϿƵһ˵
棬ѵô㣿ҷﲻһǧˣʳԼɻ
Ⱥ嶯ֻڻһʱڣδγһ͵ᣬ̹ԳأĲ䣬·̣ѾݻˣҲΪ߳ˣԸõǰ飬԰̹ݵķʽϵĳɳ
΢΢ͷ֪еݻʲô˼Ϊ̹֮󣬲ûֱӸͨһɾﾺ֮£齨ɳģȻҲʥ˱ӻȴҲҽر˼άϵı仯Ҳ˵ôˣĲܱ⡣
ЩҲɵĸ̾һ̹ڵΰ󣬲ֻΪ࿪һϢأõ˽ҵٿ磬Ѿ֮ˣ
ҲȻÿһĽ̶ǲһģ̹ٻбӻ˼ͱղŵĻһ壬ӦҲԼأǾͳߣҪҪɺΣǵҪҪ߼Ķ࣬Ϊӵл֮
ĻܲǱǵ֮УλɺεģʹûƷʵ
ǺǺǡ㻹ǱˣҪͨҪѧϰͱҪΣʹ֮ͨҲηʩչȻлҲƣҪʩչ϶ҪɺΣֻǵǸʱ໹𣿡̸Ц
һ͵ڱͬ˵Ĳ̫ˣƵͷӦ
ʵ׼Ԫʼ̫϶˱ʱ򣬾Ѿ׼ˣֽǹĽһɣĽĹӦҲֻʺϻҪˣҲڶһ룬Σ໹Ҫڰֵ֮ģ̾һ
ڣһ£̹Ǻɽ𣿡ư
˵ͷھƬռ˺ҲԴߣҲҪĻᱻᣬ̹ǰڴ´󣬷壬Ҫڲռ䣬ΪҪﵽ쾳۷У
֪粻𾳽ʲôһƷʵ


794 ˫ͷǳ
ҡҡͷǸ磬ҲֻǴ˵ϵУӵл粻𾳽ΪҲǳ٣ǸЩȺлû־ĳ֣赣ģǴ˺һνҪǻٴ͵ϮģʱҲһֿܵˣ
λǰ쾳磬ټʥһǸ赣ǣҪټ࣬ͳһ壬ܷչƿһ
ǿɶα쾳磬δܴﵽ̹Ϊֻһȴ֮𣬲˵ĶԣǱҪ취ͳһ֮࣬вǿߵģɽ棬иӸ߼Ҳ˵̹ֻһˣ
ѲɻиĲ䣿ͷһϲ
ûУ߳ȥ˵
󣬾Ѿտʼǰơ
ڴɽ̫ʺķչҪ׳󣬾ͱҪ뿪ǰƵĹУϵļࡣ
ûкҹ죬˼򵥵Ϣ󣬱㿪ʼ̹´򿪣һǧˣȫ˽ȥҲֻˣǰҲȽס
ˣαɣȻɵĴɽֻǰСϣ̹ŽĹͨɽ𲽱Сֻаң˵תʯ
ʯСһɸߵΣһĻСȴҲѾˡ
ѹڲռ䣬ֻÿһʱ䣬ǾͱҪŴ󣡡˵߰ɣ
һаˣ̧ͬʯ񣬾߳ɽȣ̤ɽԽ룬ѰҰ޽ٵƽԭˡ
ʯ񣬻Ҫӵλα쾳ܴߣֻλʥ̧
ǸûжãѾǰںƼΪ׵ģһǧɵɫ޺ڷػĴɽһͬʧ֪֮Ѿˡ
׷Щһ߲Զģץסģ͸ɫ޺ɫ³ԡ
ںһ׷û˴֮С

˸ˣ̧һʯ񣬽ɣٵıܣַ·ûоͷҲ֪ĸֻ֪һӣ˳¡
֪Ĵӣû˭֪ж೤ֲɱУһֱ˵ʮʱ䣬ʮ֮⣬ÿٶȣҲֻα쾳ܴﵽŮĸڤ棬˵ֻʯϣúλ̧ߣֻȴˡ
ңһ·֮ϣƵսҲߣѾƤ֮ϡ
濪ʼƽ̹ɭƺʧȡ֮ǹĲԭӰߣҲʱСಿ֣һǱװʯ֮ڡ
ڲǰС
ֱһգǰһǳأ˲ֹͣ˽Ų
ǳأǽߴɣԿһ߼ʣҲ޷Ԥ֪ǳصжˡ
ֹ֮ͣŲΪǿɳ룬ֻϧЩȴûһ·ȻȦȦееӣһͷǱץסһǵĴͶצУֻȴͷһֱߡ
͵ۿһĻѾľˣΪһ·ǿǿ̫౻ֵһѱˣһ·ûС
ʮ꣬Ǵռʮ˰ɣҸ˵ǳص࣬Ի࣬ȡǳأЩȳ˿ڶһ˫ȭգɫŭ˵
㿴ǳǳĵľ޵ܣָһɽĽ
̧ͷȥһ˫ͷǵĵܣߴʮɣɵĳǽҲĸеӴӰף죬ŭĿƵڵķ
һӵи߼쾳Ĵ岿䣬һ־ˣ֮ͻ̹ͬһ껯ǧתڲ棬Ӧǻ粻𾳽磬һĴ˵ţӻȺЩûаɱң֣̾һ
İҧҧܶȡǳأɾһˣô꣬ûзһǳصģ磬пܸû
ô죿̹ʯ棬ܻȥɣŮƺƵ
ҪԼȥ̽ǵ͵ˡһ·ҲЩһкܴ˽ˣǵķٶȺûһȺĲ䡣ǿʱĶ̹ʯ֮УȻʯӵף
ȥɣɫᶨ


795 ֮ս
֪ôı仯սѾԶԼˣպ˵Ȼ쾳磬ȴֿ쾳ˣκβ޷ʹκεķֻʣ¿ٻָ;޻ȴ
սɲǺǿ󣬿ǵһͨˡ
ʹͨƻǺܲģһץסɲ̹ˡ
ǵǵĿ⣬һЦ㲻õң֮ǰֲûԹʹα쾳ޣҲ޷Ҿˣһ̽ģ
һξѪ棡ɲģȴҲڴӦˡ
ͷָһξѪɳ˺ģֱ̹ʯС
Ҳ֮ʧֻ·ȴ¶⣬ԵĿһŮӵΣеĲҿˣݸơ
ץŲ˫֣ٴһСģ
ûµģҲҪСģ΢ĽŲԽԽԶ
ڵĵطֻףһƬïܵĲݴ֮Уӣ̹ʯ񣬾Ͳǵߣڲȥֺ֮˺ܳһξ롣
ǱеˣһȾһ¡
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Щôûзʲôɣһѱס´š
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α쾳аλ쾳һˣӦֻǿƻ壬սôҲû̽
ǧɱǼȴ׽飬Ҫͺúõ飬ߣ

˲֮̽룬α쾳磬ǲΪݣǲᾭۼһģǿһɱؼǸ죬ʹֻһƷҲܶԿģҲ̾ҽӴĳǳأ
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ƵŤͷǽֳǽ֮ϣȻɳɵĳìЩì·ʸһ㣬ǵأǰĶͷȺ֮С
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˵䣬ҲʯĴڴˣƵ˲ͣ׷С
̧ʯֱӾˮУҲͨʯʯ֮ڣں£һйƽ
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ǽϵλ˫ͷǣȴָӾ޻е࣬ʹþ͹ɱͷǣҲڲϵķ
ǶͷǵʮǺη´Ƭʬ֮ǧɸߵĳǽ˺ҧųǽϵ˫ͷǺ;޻ࡣ
ɫѪҺǽȾɫӵ죬ʮͷȺһһԽǽȺ֮У֮˼ʽޣЩͷǸˡ
Ȼǳ룬һĺ֣Ǹ߿յɫƲɢһߴǧɵľ޴˫ͷӰǳصϷӰһͷǶʱֹͣ˶˫ͷǺĹ׷̧ͷ졣
໡Х£һƥͬߴǧɵİɫͷʱһԾǸ߿̾ŵ˫ͷǷ˹
֮ܣ֮жһɫѷ죬Щѷ죬֮󣬱ѻָ֮䣬ֱ޼Ѱֻǣѷɴڣܶ죬Ȼˡ
һһǣڿвɱ໥˺ҧ໥ץӣѪƤë֮ȴȻˡ


796 ĳ
û£ҲͲⳡսذˣȴҲɳʯΪҡ
ںӵ׵̹ŵܴſеĲ鿴ʱ򣬷սƺѾȺʮ׵ĴϣӿݣһЩ·𵶸ĺۼ
Уԭڳǳ˫ͷǵܣȻҲѾһƥҲûУͷǡ
ϣŵĶʬ壬ԭٵĳǳأʱȴһ㰲
ȥˣѵ뿪ǳأţȴҲǳ̽顣
֮󣬲ѾԿ϶˲ֵıū۵֮⣬ûһƥǣֻЩûȥ࣬Ǳųһš
֮Ϊصĵطͨ໥Իû֣֮ƺ嶼߱Ҳ⡣
һڴ࣬ʹþһϢ˺Ƕȥˣ
ֻһŮ֫ŵأһŵ²鿴ţıľϸĻᷢһЩ壬æͷųϢ˭
Ҫ˭شҵʻ
Ƕˣ˲ҪˣңȥˣŮϢ
ͷǺ˫ͷǵս˭Ӯˣٴʵ
ͷͽЩͽΰ˫ͷˣ˵˫ͷѾǵ뿪ǳأֻǶͷͽȴ׷ȥˣ
Ϊ˵ͷͽ
ΪҲ˵ūͣȴˣ
֪ͷǰס
֪Ůҡͷ
ǻ᲻
Ҳ֪ǰ˵Ǿסڲԭģһץģ
ûȥҲûзŮ뿪ѯˣֵõϢ࣬ͬһ⣬Щ࣬ѾȦūˣѾԼĵ˫ͷǵūͣͬҳһ
һǷˣɻȥѰԼǰˣûжʳû
˵𣬲ԼȻҲ޷ȼ棬Ϊ·ûȻԪأҲͲڻˣ׵磬һƺڣǺеˮȴҲģǴӵصðġ
ͨĻ޷ȼأֻҪлȻԵȼĴԭôʹٶ壬ҲҪ֮У˵𣬿촸ܴģԺͲҪˡ
鸴ӵķ˺ӱߣʱĺˣҲѾӺˡ
ûԳӰɴ״̬˵Ѿûˣͷǰ˫ͷǸˣӦû׷ɱ˫ͷǣҵĶͷǿ϶ģϾǳǴġ
˫ͷôȻͷǴܣܳ˵Ԥϡ
ǽǣôƿ˿
Ҳòע⡣
ҵǾӦԣ๫ȸȸƷǳǲǿͷųˣϣܵȼĲԭĻ룬κ඼ˣҲҿǳأֻԶǨƣ
԰ƶʱһϲⷽԲïܵĲԭȼһѻǾԿԷ֮أʱЩҪسǳصĶͷǣҲҪɱڲԭ֮ˣ
˵䣬Ҳڿź
Ҳ쳣ϲãܹ촸ҪЩǼΪ򵥣ĿԵȼԭǶ˵һ
Ҫǳ㲻ǽԭܷܲ𣿡
ҡҡͷܣɻвĻ֣Сӻûнֻһˡ
ʱܳȥǽһЩֳ˵ţֽ̹ŵܵĴڴ򿪣ֱӾ˽ȥ
ʱƳ֮촸Ѿˡ
ÿ츫һЩϵĲݣķһԡ
Ƶͷһ촸֮Щϲ֮ϡ
䡭
ɫĲݺȻȼһ
һ˼ˣĲһѳĺҲѵ红ͯǰ˷ܣæָһЩݣڻϣֵֻ
ȥһ˿ԼԶһһ˺ϱĴ̤ȥ
ʱһͱˣ֦ڻϣֵǣûǰ˲ȼ˺һᣬȼ
ȼյĺȴܳ־ã֦ⶼչֻ֮ʣһʮ׵ɣڣžžը졣
ǳɹˣÿ˿һȼ֮󣬻ֱǽǳܵĲԭȼˣҿҪСģⱻˣȰ˷ȫȼ֮Ǿһǡ˵


797 ֮
ʥȫһʮÿ˱һųǽԵʼȼǳܵĲԭ
ֵǣŻĵȼеȴԽԽϡ٣ԭֻܿ׾룬ȴܿʮˣŨŨ̻ңڶ𣬳գԽԽ󣬿ٵԶӣݺ˻𺣡
һͬƹǽﵽһʱ򣬺Ȼ͸оؿʼǰڣͷǣɿﱼڶ
Ż𣬿ǣһͼӿٶȣųǽһ·ܡ
ӵķǳ죬ƺֻǽݸˣҲһգʹرڡ
ЩͷǣǰڣȻȫֹͣĿҲԽԽ֣ȻĺԶȴܸоĿֲһϣԲܣΧֻ·һ
ʲôǻ粻𣿡ͷǷ׷װ
ƣգ۾ͿӴĶͷǶ飬Щ߲ɵСǣηηϵŻƵǰˡ
𡭡ͷǺ洫һŭ
һǰηĶͷǻһֻüǰͼԽ𺣡
ǣƤëոհһ𣬾ͱȼ໽֮Уɷĩ
һʣµһЩͷǾͲǰˡ
գһ޴İɫӰٷǳŭԼʲôʱɵСˣǣһ𣬴Ӹ߿ԼȺ֮ʱȻԼȻˣǰңһƬڡ
ȼյĻ棬̻ңֱʣŰǵĺϵڡ
ãǺȻоԼĺѾڷ·жˡ
ʶģֻܵ·ɣոմأȴѾ˻𺣣ǰң޲һ
һ󷽴Ǻȷ򣬳Ǻ֮طȥƾŸΪڷɳ˻𺣣ȴҲͣˣԶûбȼյĲԭ񱼡
ХԽԽԶƵˣڳһ̧ͷ죬Ѿ˺ɫ̸ǣͷɻҲྪϲҪЩ̳޷ֹˣ쾳磬˼ܷɵġ
ԭҪȫջ٣е̻ңҪʱɢȥʱоͳ˽ֲҷƬټϻƵӣ˲ԭɭ֣֮󣬻ֽΪɱ֣ͬҲΪ츣˵
ҾеĻҳһɢȥûз׵磬޷ɢǣ̧ͷ˵
ǸãǾ͵ӵһõı㣡ĸЦ
ҲһϾԲɢȼգЩͷƹ𺣣ңǻûҲûˣʱܹͬ࣡˹ü
Ȼǿֻ棬ʹܣĳ֣ҲվͬһˮƽϣΪȻǿ󣬿ȴ׵ıҹ˫ͷǻʹþǿѼʸأʹõĻٺ٣˫ͷҲãͷҲգܹǳأ
ҲýˣӴԺǳؾˣ

˷׷׽ǣҽĸŹرգʱ̹Ž˳ǳ룬Ƭȫ˫ͷǵܵƽ̨ϡ
˫̤ߣ̹ŵܻߡ
ô걻еĸ˵ȣ½ˡ
࣬ȻСȴʮֵľη飬ֻһֱûзֹʲô飬ֻȥĤֵֵ
ڣԼˣ̹ŵܾߵ֤ͬǵУӡֻҪܲ٣Ͳ༴ʹҲᷢԺɱԼ˵ǵ飬һΪǱģ
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ԭЩ˫ͷǳǵһЩ࣬Ҳ½ı̹ŵܣģʲôʱԼʲôʱҲӵԼ飿
󲿷ֺܿηҪǽǶôµ飿û˵ıһЩײеҰô죿
ǵǷ̹ŵܾȻڲߵʱ򣬲źȻѣ飬Լ顣
ˣ޲̹ŵܵĽ£λα쾳ĸ֣Ե˸߿գ˶ݵݽա
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һ·һʮˣûܵǧ࣬ʥģֻʮ൱ÿǧ˲ܳһʥ
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ƵλʥԼڤ桢ˡŮ洡ͨˣڵӵ˶ʮλʥ
ֻͨǲ֪ǰ˫ͷǳеʥһٶʮˣЩˣȫ˫ͷˡ
ʲôʱܹеĸֶۼͺˣͬ뷨


798 
ҪʮҲôף̹Ϊ֧ţȻЩûлʳʳͲΪܱ֤
ңͷ̹ȵĻںʬ壬Ӵʬ壬㹻ʮ˳һˡ
ǳеװ׳Сʣٶܣʮ׳нټܣʮ׵ʮ׵ĴֻʮܣʣһЩͳȫʹôеĸ졣
˫ͷǺٸɻ鶼ʣµǧУȻһǧ˶רƷģҴ
ֻǴɲƻ鱦ǽһͣ˫ͷʹûӹ̣γɸָı
Щûڲռ䣬ҲûгƥĻĻȴҲ٣ͳ̶ȸ鱦
ЩĹܳƵ϶鱦ˡ
˻𣬾ܹʹûˣȡеľᴿ֮γɴƥĻƷĻ鱦ʱ򹥻Ȼǿ
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ڤбһľͷǻ֣ʣµһЩ½ĽֿȼյĶԻΪģѻ
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ֻҪռ绹ڣһзչ׳Ļᡣ
ȻҪﵽʥҲֻʱپģҪ˶죬Ҫûֻ۸ˣ쾳磬̹漸ǲܵˣʹǺˣҲα졣
ֻҪ㹻Ծ޻ʥ͵ӵ˼ǿսټԱûˡ
ʮҲ޸ųǳЩٵķݺ͸ֻ񣬺˶ûҵֺлʳ֮£ֻ̹ܽеʳֻϧЩһ㱻ֱѹ˷ĩ޷
ڳǳطأôһ࣬ҪԲʮĳǳظܼǲˣҸɴ˷سǳأֻڳһԹͨеСţһ͵ҰҲ޷
գʮգƵ˾ֵķ֣Ȼзˣ߿еĺɵƲ棬׵磬ǰһ죬ˮ
ȹһĻ඼㵵ĿգкܴһֻæڵأΪλ·񼣡
ȴ׷üͷ󣬱Ȼйɿѭ
ܿ죬Ǿ͸Ӧˮ֮УǷ۶ɣе׵磬Ҳͬ׵編ǷȻҲǷķ
ô꣬ûмĳǺȼղԭйϵƵ˰һ̬Ϊࡣ
һ꣬ӵĻ滹ܹȼȥ
գҡҡͷˮ޷ģϳǽѾ޿㣬֮еɫߣѾƺŻȼգԶȥ
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Ȼƾصı仯ʹó˷ҲɱЩޣҲûһս֮ˣԸЩȼϵ͵ޣҲ׵ɱֻҪʹ£Ҳʶʶеǿߵжǿǲͨ򣬴ôģѵֻһ򵥵λ棿ҲѾʼʹûѪˣ걾ǻ粻𾳽磬ټ촸ƽ˳˼
һ·Ȼ죬ȴҲѾͨһ·ͷ̹ŵܣȴ֮ն
๫ҲԷˣĸŮŮ׷գƵߡ
Ƶͷߣȥܿ⵽ôһ£
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Խǰ˾ԽоѹƣҲʼ׷ӵһʱ򣬾ͷѾ޷ˣֻȻء
ȻȼյйأȼջЩֲɢʺĻǻѹǵķƿ˵
ЩϨ𣬻ǻٴν٣޷ʹ÷ˣ
ʱصǣЩҪȫϨҪʮϣֲɢģǾ֤̺ŴĻؼʹ÷ˣôܴ㹻ĴпռĻףʮ࣬ȫװҪһЩȺҲǼΪ򵥵飬ǻȥɣ
һʱ䣬ֱԷ֮󣬲ڿնٶȼķسǳء


799 ֮
ƴżŮ֮ȻԼĹ۵˺ˣʱĺȴûйעЩǷֿʹ÷֮Ϳʼ÷鱦ˡ
Ǳα쾳磬鱦ҲѣʥҲˣҶֶĽС
˫ͷǳ֮У;ۼ˴Ļʯټ㹻Ҳͷǳˡ
Щû鱦ĹŬ鱦ĿףЩʥսˡ
޲̵ֻͨǻıӻӵǿԣථýʱЩҲĩˡ
֪Ʒ鱦ϻûи߼鱦츫ҲֻƷ鱦ѾԸ̹ˣЩ켶ޣûƷ鱦ѵֻƾצ죿ƿ˿
ҡҡͷκһ嶼ʮصĴڣһҲ֪ץסһ˫ͷǻ߶ͷǣ˵Դ֪һЩ
Ƶ˵ͷǰȻһǻں겻ǻȥҺ棡
һ߻׵ĺƵɻ֮ͽ츫ˣںĻǾڿ츫֮УǿԽ壬ʱҲûлˣͽҲܲˡ
һ֮һɫͱ˳˺УСϺ״
ϺǰڸоԼ֮Ҳû´һĿƵϣͷųϢСӲȻҲﵽʥףȻҲʹûˣٺٺ٣Ͳ࣬Ҳûʲôֵģ
Ѿڻ֮ˣ˫ͷǳǣǹɻģѲҲ̹㣬Ϊ磿һǬ֮󣬿Գ䵱˵ռ䣿
ǻ֮磬ôܣȻҲʹ÷
ʲôֵģľ޻ָǶԷãֻǷܵѹƣʹֻڣ޷ţڷԲ֮صĻѾվʱʹ÷ʲôֵģһ
ƲƲ죺Ҳֻʱѣʵ⣬ҸҲ޷ô壬Ҳʲôܣǿٵ磬ӦҲȻʹûնڿռ䣬Ϊý飬γһԳռֻͨҪǿ㹻Ŀռ䣬ôǾͿ棡
ô򵥣ǺǵĿռˣ˹Ҳ֡
򵥣̹ŲҲģ̹Ÿһռѷ죬֧ţѷԽԽڻ֮пٳһĿռ䣬ԼҲӦڻ֮ĵܣҲֻ൱ڴӣԽͨԽԽСͨԽСڲռȴ仯Ϊ̹֧ţ
ӦҲ˰ɣͺɽѷ죬Ȼɽ򶴣ɽŴΪ˷ֹɽݻ߲ʺϾסоƤҳܵĶڣʹڶŪһɿصĴţֻҪЯȴţڲռͻƶǲǣƷʡ
˵Ĳǻ֮磬֮ԭûпռģһƬ磬ռ伫Сڿ֮֮ôǾˣһһۺͿٳģ
ŶƷ·Ȼʲô˼ǣֻ֮ǳô󣿿ǵһʲô˭ȿٵĻ֮硣
ȻǻҪȻΪ˭һ˭Ҳֻ֪֮µ쾳ǿ֣߳޲֧أ֮ľҲԽԽԶٺ٣첻죬زǵأԶᶮģ
ޣʲô಻ᶮҸ㣬֣˵첻죬زǵأӦûкɣҲǵأҲ죬ԲԣЦһ
ںըգۣȻǾȴֲͲ࣬಻ͬһ֪࣬ûʲôֵģ
˸㣬֮ǣำҵģԣ̫Сˣ˵䣬Ҳ̧ͷ졣
˷׷üĿ̾ԭҲˣǾȻͷͷ˵Ӧϰɣǲ֪͵֮ľ뵽жԶ
ٺ٣ڵĻ֮磬Ѿٵˣÿһµǿߣ֮ͻһ֣֮Ҳǹƽģ˭ٵģǵ̾ͻ˭һҲߣȥںҲѾںǷ֪֮ˣֻǺٺЦ
쾳ȫˣǿٵĿռ䶼ˣǻ֮ǲֻỹԭɿޣɻ


800 ֮ս
˲һ֮󣬶ǲһ㶣ںҲһ£ٿĿȴһЩ͵ζ
ܿҶһЦΪҶ룬طľˣֻʲôһ֮˸޷죬֮С޷֪
ͳأһصɴҲȤˡ
˷׷ɢȥ֮󣬸˾ѵӣдĻд̽Ϣж
һƺعԭʼۣȱٵģֻһδĿ顣
磬һжǿޣʱ䡢ռ䣬ΪĿ٣ֻǲͬ壬ڴһܵʹ£ͣǰȥ
תʮ꣬ĲݣѾȼմֻǿкĺȴûɢȥγһı㣬ʹǴĻ޷׵Ķƿص
ʥʶѾ׵Ķˣ˫ͷǳǣҲܲ鿴ΧڵһС
һڣʮˣѾﵽʮ˿屶ǿķɴ˿ɼȻС뻹δĺͯ꣬ս࣬ҲѾﵽʮ֮ࡣ
ʮȫںƤƳɵĻף滹һʯƳɵĻ鱦Ŀס
˵սǵǶͷϮҲѾȫӵнɱˡ
Ϊϲǣ˻ںʬΪʳټƽԣʮˣȫʥ˼𣬸˿ʥˡ
Щʥᣬֻ޻屾ܵҲܿٻָѾ㹻ˣǳԺȴס޲Ƿ۳ɵġ
ڶ飬ֻ֯ЩͬǷɵ˿Ƴɵġ
չǳǾ񣬱Ӧϲĺˣʱȴ¶֮ɫ
۸̨ž޴㳡ʮľӣСߵƵ˵֪һδսʮӻʣ¶٣
ͷһۼֻǣǵƤëצ鱦ʹҲҲҪǣȽ˰֮ҲͿˣңҲҪһЩΪѣ֮ģ˿˵
֪ЩͷǣܱܲѱΪŮü
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ǰɽ֮УＱٱ̽ϢȴڷܣۼžҪȺɣ˾ʹˣλʥͬʱ޻˰ɵɲȵľˣһ̵ǽһȺǻæֹ
ţʮ౻׳Уһǧܣʮһ飬ÿʮֻϵľ޴ʸ
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һȥǧƥͷǧƥͷˡ
ڶֵļʸȴѾֿʼ׼ˡ
İһĻɵһͣʱȻˣԼǶ˵Ĵˣ
𣿸һĻ֣Բ෢չȥ򣬱ؽѣ֮˻һڿնͼٷ˹ȥ


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һĻ˶ĿƵϣΪֻƲֵһС
Ȼʧΰεضֳ촸˲ӭǷɻķâ˹ȥ

촸ɹĽĹҲЩֻۣ˲ͻָˡ
ֻоӷ飬ɸ֮ɱʮĶŰ
ȻҲʹû壿ôܣһ̣ս
ΪʲôͲʹû΢΢һЦ촸Ȼֶȥ׼һ
צһӣͽס촸һ
һ̣ͷƵоȻһųⳤǧɳļʸҲǧɵĳȣֻǼʸǰأȻȼܵ
δǰܣеļʸ㻮գ˲ִ˰Ӵ֮ϡ
һ죬ʸûڣΪɫ֣żʸȼգֺܿͱƿһڣʸ˳ƶ룬Ƥ֮ϡ

ײʸ֮ƤͰȥ࣬Ƥѣɽ;ʯ
˲͵ȼƤ֮ϵİëƤҲûм̫ãܿͱʸ͸ֱڡ
һԼƤëжͣܳ䵱ģԼȻûд㿪棬ȴƤҷǳİϧһ֮ʹһҲҪ֮ˡ
һ㹻ƿ̹ŵˣռˣ󷽹սʥ׷װ
Ҳǳĺ棬Ҳû뵽ʲôʱǿǧɵĳʸܹ䵽֮⣬ʹ˫ǳǣҲܱӻ֮ڵˡ
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ƤȻһͷ­ʼѪƤȻ֫ȥֱӴƤ֮һ磬ֱơ
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ܿ죬ѪҺֹͣۿɼĻָţƬ֮䣬ֱѾ
Ļָ죬룬ҲǿĻȥֻΪήͰˡ
һɫĹâӰͷһһ㣬ֱơ
׼˲Сһ˳ǹֶȥǹâԻһ
һźӳǹ֮˲ţɫĹâɫĹâΣɫݣɫ֮ӿ³ϵź
ⳤǹҲ߱ǹѾˣ޲TƻɱʶɢΪ߱ǹ飬߱ǹı壬ҲѾƷ鱦ļ
Ȼɫı֮޷ֹĻ꣬ȴҲܸһ͵Ļᡣ
ΪȻﵽ쾳磬겢ûнĻ粻֮ʹǺںҲһֻ˵ɱȴˣʹûɱ
ֵ˰һιƵٴ˫ǰ̺һץһγУƼģֱ׵Ļ
˫ۻգͱư˰֮С
䣡
ɢȻǺǿȴ˰긺ʹȻʹ󣬽űѿһƲл꣬һƥƥС͵İǣɢӡ
û׷ΪҲһһɱ꾳ѾˮƽˣƻҪǿ֮սܺɱԷȫƾų䲻ԼȼϸߵĻ鱦׵Ըİʹû֮Ҳû취
ǾʱŮȻɫƥߣһ㽫ĻǸסһ룬˲ЩǾ˻֮ڡ


802 쾳
Ůһ֣ҲһЩȣȻܹ쾳Ļǣ
Ůǵ⣺㶼ˣһЩлʲô˲ģ
ģһξòԭͷʧĻɱӥ֮ҲͿԳ׵Ƭ֮ˣֻΪҵһЩǣ磬̫Ҳ̫أ̫δ֪ǿߣ
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λα죬ΪȻһЩȴҲһսֻǴʱȴˣ٣ǸǱ˴룬ʹߣΪҲʧ룬α춼ﲻˣرûҲ͵ûϣ
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λα켱ٺˣʣЩδߵǣҲ˻ŴѶϢ˻ɽҰ֮С
Ȼûз׷ɱĺûᣬһһֵĻųвʥ޻֮׷ɱȺ
֮󣬿ʼɨսһȻɱ˲ٶͷǣǵõʬȴ٣󲿷ֶǱˡ
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Ƶʹ÷򣬺ּ䣬ͽȡ˼ٷ̡
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˹̾һСӣǰæôãȻﵽ쾳ˣŲ̶̵ļʮ꣡
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ΪΣɻ󣺡ǽô죿
˵䣬˾Ѿ˳ǳأƽ̤ǽ̹ŵܣЦ̹ͷ·һˣСʱ棬ֻ൱һɣ壬߹ܾ൱췣ÿƻʱͻȻ췣ǾǷǵԽңɳˣǺһǿʱȻͻᱻ̹ԶųˣȥУǿн룬Ǿͻƻ档
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ģ࣬ҿһЩ飬ѵһЩѣ
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˺һ̶һЦȻ׺˼ڸԼǸǺѹԼԼͳʥˣõתôࣿ
סĸС֣һЦҪлǣɲҪǣ࣬ȴҲ࣬Ǵô檣ģ໹ûгһ쾳ǿ֮ʱһδ֮ʱǲ뿪ģ


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֮˫ͷȺۼǵٶȲ죬Ҳֻ࣬߰˰ƥǣǵȴһࡣ
λαҲ׷׽ʶȺ
һ࣬ҪֻǣȺ֮Уƺǿߣüͷ
ͬĵ˵ͷŮڿն𣬵ȥ
˽ҡ

ɾˣֳֳȼֻļʸ׹ʯ˫ͷȺǧ֮أƳգ˹ȥ
˫ͷȺУһͬɵ˫ͷһǴɻļʸͷ­Ҳ֮߰ͬʱХɵĽǻͳ˹ȥ
䡭
ȻըһƬ䣬罣Ҳأûټˡ
кںƲ㣬Ҳ˶ٴαɫ
ţȺ֮Уһֻͺӥ״ֻ࣬ëȴǳͬһ㣬ٿǼʸ֮󣬷һ
վһƥα쾳˫ͷͷϣ˸žϲ
˫ͷ˻Ҳ쾳磬û뵽ʲôʱҲȻˣһγԣջС
񷢳ѶϢȺ֮Уչ˫ڿնֻһ״СӰ˺һ쾳˫ͷǶǿߡ
һ⣬Ƶ˵Ľǰ
Ƶ˼ˣ׷һ
رƣԼȻоϢͷ·һ㣬ƮȻǰȴߡ
࣬ң죬죬ҪΪҵ񳲣ңΪҵūȥ񴫳ѶϢ
δг촸䱸Ůǰ
ô㻹ҴǾ͸ҵţҽлŲʣؼ䣬һֻ࣬ڣЩҲҪߣҵͳΣ
һ֮ŲѾμգ֮䣬͸˷Բ֮أ˫ͷǳǣҲڸ֮С
Ƶ˶ʱ͸оһϢ
Ϊ֮ϣȻ˸Ĺâ֮£ʹ˾һϾҪĸо궼ʼή
ǽڣһ֣Ů˾ԼڵĿռ䡣
Ҳ½Ľʥڡ
ȻһѨʲôʱҲôˣǲһ˫צӣֱӾͽ̹ץУһţҪȫʮɱ
ţŲʴˣŹ࣬ҸԸΪūһ
α죿ҲǿԳΪҵūҲҪɱǣҪߣǣҲҪߣ
ŲȻǳصȫ˸УС»չһ׵С
һջ񲻴ǶߣҲұ֮ŲɢƵ˾Ͱ˫ͷǺ࣬ͳ
һ·ɣƵ˸Ͳֻ֪ҪԼȥֻоܹӰʱմ󣬷·ãһ˲䣬ֹ֮ͣ󣬷ǰȻһƬĴ󺣡
󺣱ߣһΰĳǳأԲǧ
ǳ֮УȻʲôֶУֻռͬһ޴Ķ԰
ֻŲȴûнֱӴǳأǽ˫ͷǶǣѶϢҲϲ̫̫ūǣСͣ
˫ͷǸֻа˸α죬ǿС
ǣֻȸС˹Ų񷢳ѶϢˣˣ
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ˣЩͷÿΪǲԸɻܴ㽨ǣսֻǣִЩСǿʲô
СǿȻʲôʱΪСǿˣ
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Ų˵䣬һɫ񳲰ĽǰһƬĹ㳡ǧĶֻСһţʮ½ɳ˹㳡֮ϣơˣҲУֻȴվȺǰ񳲵Ĵš
㣬̨ŲվڴǰĿơ
üͷȴŲǰ
Ҽǿ࣬ԣӽ͸ҵߣߵļŮ飬Ҿʹ͸ˣѾΪṩµĳѨķϣһŲգƴͬһˮƽϡ
üͷûӦĿ⿴˹㳡ܡ
ǻȸϺáӦоС
μŲʱ£Ĵ׷񳲽̨£ŲݻֻǵͶһЩ໹Сࡣ
£ҲĿŲ
ɣձΪǴһЩ࣬һ壬Ǿ壬غͳǳأǱӻҲѡһЩ൱ūÿһްˣ
лֻǮǣһֻɫС갺ͷ˵
һŻʯһ࣡
۷׷ףȴҲּۻۣܿ죬ÿ˶һɢɫâľʯ̨ףŲǰ
ŲСһţ㽫Щʯ˸У۾ת𣬴Ѷƣ
̶ߵ˵ʣµһЩ࣬סĵطţ
ɻ󣬿δĸ棬Ų񣬾һ̤֮ͬС
񳲼Ϊտ̤ŵһ̣ͷ·һռλ֮Уͬɽ磬ϼתڼ仹ŴĻ
ռ۵һһˣһƬˮرأŲֱӾˮУ˵ԡ
ŷֻǶôԻͨ۲죬Ѿֻ֪ӵһ˼άԸ񣬴ʱԡõ֤
֪α쾳Ѿᷨγˮ쾳磬ӦñЩĸãΪԡҫֻҪ㾡Ϊūı֣ҲҲΪϵȺŲٴһ
ҷˮأˮϵƣŲϣİëĿȴʵ̹ﻹˣܵôӻңϣҪ˺ǣ
ûлȻǣ㣬һ㲻࣬һЩƣӦҲǻ羫ʯɵģİɣҲǱŲƺŪ˿źĺľͱ۾泯ˮϣ˯˹ȥ


804 еĹ
ȫ࣬ȻץòʳǣƵζ벻ģԼȳΪԡӶˡ
Ųƺ˯˹ȥҲ˳˼һһ˽粻𾳽ֵĻᡣ
쾳֮ϣγΪ粻𾳽磬޷Ԥ֪ģͨŲ񣬶һЩ粻𾳽絽жǿ
ڻǱȻŲܷȻͬȴࡣ
ĪҲǻ粻𾳽磿ŲԿҲ࣬һڻ羧֮ڣĻ羧棬ǷҲڻĶ
뵽ƺȻһ̶¶ϲٴΰĪǽԼڣҲﵽ粻𾳽磿֪Ųںϵʲôɫʻ𣿻ɫֲ
뵽Ʊ޷ˣ̹ƺѾŲߣԼķҲܿᱻż̹棬ڱҪҲһͬǵϡ䱦ȻܱŲֺ͵õ
̹ŵػΪгһտںϻ
һ壬ҲΪǿ츫쾳ǿ
˵ǷҲ֪ļֵԼ»رԴ
ʹڻȽСվг쳤һ죬֮磬Ҳǻѵ֮ء
ú߽촸촸ӴĻ
ŲȺȡʯҳԵȥĶǷڻ֮ıѵѾ棿ڵû֮ûģ
ͷƵԺ˲쾳Ѿǻ֮߾ˣʲôȿǿģ
ǰõĽۣ࣬Ҫ죬ҪԼѪ֮ΪۣܴģֻһƲлꡣһƲлֽ֮һµ壬ܴﵽ粻𾳽硣
ŲһЩס񳲣Ҳ棬ֻǿռϴλ棬ȴһĸоĳĻ粻𾳽磬ʱǲᱻģ
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ҪںˣͨȻ޷쵽Ϊ̺֮ŴĻȴ֮ͬ£ǧ򻯣϶Ϊһ뾥ںϣҶƤ⣬ΪԣɣΪţ
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ĳǳأɣӽĵطǱ·ָľסأȸûΪƣֱӾ͸ơ
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ŲƺҲôбȻΪ£ץ࣬ȻǻԼʵֻҪలؼŲҲĻ൱Լ
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ֻɳ治ǽӣȴһЩɫεĻʯС
ףĪŲֻռʯưһҲסĳǳ֮С
аˣʮŲ˫ͷǳץģʣµļʮ򣬿ǰڴ˵ġ
Щˣסĳǳź߽ģʮĳȣǳȴûгǽһƤǵĵͰéݣһЩ׵ĵط
ʱʹôҰʬ壬໻ȡֻʯС
ٺ٣һСᰡһĻൽÿյ£ԼͶȡƷԶƺһЩ洬ѵˮﻹл㲻ɣ
һֻŲ񣬵һ˭һֻ˭һ˭϶̹š粻𾳽ģǷǿһ壿Ҫٵһʲôһҵ֮磬ҵΪӦҲǻ粻𾳽˰ɣ
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һУλα쾳ĸɻǣĸ˲ûڴˣٶλʥ࣬ȻҲһڡ
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ѵǶץȡūˣưһ߿շ̽顣
ʱƺȻִӴһȺһ˫мƣ¶棬֫ϵָӥצһ㣬׷˺ߵһ洬
ܿ죬洬ϾʹĲҽ洬ҲȺ˺Ʒ
⻹㣬Ⱥչٶ򺣱߷
ǻɳһĻ׷׼ٱܡ
ƼһĻŲΣӭȺͷ˹ȥ۳һצɱһ̧֣ܵ࣬ȼյļʸ֣˳ȥ
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𣡡
Ϊ׵һȫ˺ɫۼףȫ£ƣ粻˸Ļ棬һУվȻ֮һڵһ㣬ͳơ
ңƵ󣬻ɸߵľˣгʮȼŻļʸ£˲֣ʮ֧ʸͷ˲ͬʮ
ˡ
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ʮ֧ʸȫĿ꣬ȻһЩûйҪǹ϶˸ŻǻĿǣһĻͬ˻𻨣˲ȼʮͬ˻ˡ


805 ںϻ
Ⱥһʮһȥһ룬ʣ¾ŸһĻ׷롣
˫ٴε˾֧ʸҪɿңŹҲ
𡭡ţһͷϺɫͻƵǰļʸ
ţɻĳͷɸߣգα쾳磬ǿߣвʣȴҲҴ⡣
֪ɱʲôǻ纣ūǶھͻץȡһЩʳģҲԵģɱôūŲʱ¶ˡ㣡Ϻڻŭȵ
񣿡Ʒʡ
⺣Ǻ񣬺Ǻϣûһûģ࣬Ȼﵽ쾳磬ǣںֻΪ΢СĴڣϻ˵䣬ĿҲѾ˴ҪŭˣԺĻҲˣ
ƶȥһɾ޴ѹźˮ򺣰߳
ߣҵҪ⺣жı죡еļʸȻɿ֧ͬʱ˴󺣵
Ѳ飬ﵽ쾳ȴĿ֧ʸûʮ֮ĺˮ֮С
ˮ޷ֻǣȴҲ޷ȼպˮ⺣ˮǻˮϵͬɵģǿѹұһǿʶơ
ǣˮƺӱŭֱɸ߿գ·һɽٵѹ˹
ŲʳǸˣϢеŲҲһŲƶλǿ߰ҡ
Щһ׷׽ĿƵϡ
Ų˫ŭӣСצӺȻɢһӰͽƵĲӸץסˣ˺񣿡
ɱ࣬ΪҾͲܱࣿƻص
ߣֻϣӵǿķϼΣңҲ࣬ԭ㣬ڣŲŭС³һɫһһ㣬ͽƸ
ƶٸọ̈̄ɫҪӰԵƤۿɼٶ˺ߡ
壡ԭģżĹ
Ѫ⿪ʼںϣģƵʼ仯Ƥɫͷ­ֱ۱֦ƻҶգ֮䣬ͻһû
֮ϣͬ⻪תͽŲ³˲ɫˡ
ţŲһҲǳɻ󣬱ǿ캣ˮѾ˺ߣ۳žҪѹŲʳϡ
ౡ
Ųƣ˲˫γɾ޴ķ粨ˮ޷ǰǺˮ
ˮǰ裬ĻһӸߴĹͬȳɫ˫ͫŭŲ񣺡Ųʣɱҵū
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⺣ɻĿȻһЩ⣺֮磬ֶһ֣
ǣҪǾɱɣŲ˵
ʱҲܴﵽ粻ˣգ̸죿˭ȻɱūҾͽˣ
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ͬʱһЩѾĳǳأСȫ̵ֱˡ
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ȻҵūŲŭ˫֮ϵëУ׼ػĺɻӰиȥ
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Ųһ㶣˿ĻһЩԥˣò˵ƵץסŲϲɾϲԸ
Ըһͬµ֣Ųʵ
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ˣ㻹˽⺣ǿ֮һֻһˣıһֱ˯֮Уޱߵĺ򣬾Ǻ壬ûʲôĶ֣ıȻպյȴ٣ŲĶȴһЩΪѡ
ѵˣƷһ
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γ죬·𵽴춥Կʮĺˮڼٰθߣҿʼ½ѹȶ
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ﲻһԭϵĲŻջٰɣҸ㣬ҽǶʮѾɱˣЩҲĴΧյģҲôݣͺñȺɱ̫ˣȻҲŹģû취ˣ߰ɣ
Ųٴ󣬽ŲʳǸǣǿߣԼǳذεضȫŲڣЩƻûüࡣ
ŲС˻֮ϣ뿪ϣߣ
¹ֺˮѾԼΧϵ£˷ȫɫĺˮԼڴڴ󺣵ĺˡ


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ˮտ֮£ľͱȼŲÿһܽˮ͸¶Ϸգֻϧռ̫Сˮʱ̫̣޷롣
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ֻҲܹսˣסŲѾֻĴָСˣȴգ֮ʸӿݣһɫĻߣͳ˿еĺˮ֮С
ȴ͵һǣˮĿռ䣬֮˼֡
򺣣ˮŲ񷢳
ٸ쾳ǿͬʱ֣ÿһһƬأ˺֮ϡ
ĺˮܵѹʱͱƽ޲½ԽԽͣľͽ¶˳
ںУ֦ҶԽԽ󣬲ңʼźߣӡ
ЩˮȻѹҲֻ΢΢ҡҷżһñ۶ϣȴиѿź׳ĸ룬صסˮд󣬲ϵźˮʹ޷ôΪˡ
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ˮȻֹͣڰѹ֮£Ĺ֮£ˮȥˣȻҲΪ˼ū塢󿰱Ȼ粻𾳽ǿģرһƺĿǡ
ٸϮ࣬ҾҪôг㳹׵ѹԶˣƵŻӣ˺ˮ֮С
ߣСҪ񣬴ССѹģһЩС֮أ
󺣵Եò϶˵䣬ȴѾƽ
ȴûзɣʶ;⺣˵ġ
ȻûйãƾͷֺˮоȻޱ޼ʡݵࡣ
Щ࣬Ҳһңڵ֮Χ£һ֮ϣ˿ηſ죬¶羫ݣһ˺ҧ
ֻһƺη壬Щݣǵٶȸޱȣڻ֮УҶľͳƺۡ
ƸоȵǣЩƤϵƬƺһãȫɱ˶ʹɱϼ꣬Ҳɱꡣ
£Щֻǵһ滹е֣ຣݣһɾΣˡŲ񴫳ѶϢ
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׺֮УһδʶԺĴ󺣣ǵ֮أԶߣҾŹ
ʶѶϢ嶼ĿƵϣʹޡ
ǻϻһԺˣҶֻܽɽɿˣҲõʯ
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£ҵҲҪɭˣɭ֮ѾϢҪѰǷŻ֮ˣܵ޴ѶϢ
ҵȴ㷵زԭԭ֮ҲһͬѰҷŻ֮ˣ¹ʨҲŲ˵
ŲëҲŭɨһֽۣĿƵϣЩĺ£
Ųʱ£Щ֮ˣǱûʲôôŲʳǸҪǣԱʼݣͳ࣬ѵ±˲У࣬õѣ߽ϣڲ֮أƵ̬һ
бˣŲ޺޵Ĵ˲ԭɢɭ֣ʼ񣬶Ź㣬ֵ˺񣬺ǺǣǾɵϣʱҵȺȻܵı߰ɣ࣬㶼ߣ
һ֮Ų³ĳǳأȻأ̹ŵܡ
üͷǻֽץԼڣֻûдﵽŲ־磬޷̹ڣֻţֿһŲ񣬹лˣԺĵط԰


807 Χ
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Ҫһ粻ǿ𣿺ǺǺǡȰǻǽཻɣͽ𣬳˭б½ɱŲЦÿһȺĶ
ˣ˲ƣ·񶼲µ飬дԣɾ˲ԭɭֵס
ǾԺԸɣҲֻһˣ쾳˶Уô壬һ죬ؽȵ͵ȵ֣治֪Ϊλڻ֮
쾳ǿߣ׷׽ūˣԼ棬뿪Ųʳǡ
ɽɽººƬ֮䣬ӵаŲʳǣѾÿյ˿ɷֻ࣬ʣˣҲܿ챻ڡ
ŲɻƣǲǾûϣ뿪
ǼȻΪ£쵼Ϊλˣǿ֮󣬾ˣƷʡ
ΪҺ֮䲢һȺкܴһ֣ץūԸŲʳǵģң֮Уʼ棬Щʼ棬ΪҲ࣬ҲȥܿͻᴫʼĶҿɲôȺˣҲ߰ɣ֣ͬͬǲԶѺõദȥģ
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ԺȻ֪ˣеһжɷɣͳ˧Ѿͳ˧ǷȻᷢӳưɣһΰȻ뷽跨Ĺ࣬ǿԶԶĿ֣

һαץŲʳǣҲоգһ֪ǰ֪飬ԼʵҲŲİν
ǸлŲģԿŲģץҲΪãò֮ʼԸ࣬ҲСĿвŸ߸ϵࡣ
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һҲƺ⣬Լ˲ԭӵɽ֣֮ʼ֮ʼ棬ԼǺ֮ʼԤϣȴ벻Ǳܵ죬ȻҲˡ
ҪҪ೹׵ĨɱɱıŵӦûп־壬һɱࣿƲѣֻ֮ܽ˳ǵ¿һƬˮγ˿ĻǺӣˮгɫĺɻ֮ǡ
˿һ仯Ҳɳ˳ǣ̤һƬֱʮ׵ĺҶ֮ϣ˵죬ô£ΪʲôҸоܳΣЩѹԽԽǿˣ
幥޺࣬ƺˣҪ࣡ƴѶϢ
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808 
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α켰¾ģû˿η塣
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࣬ԸЩϺзŲ֪ܵһɻ֮ϣԭǻĺɻ΢΢¶Ų̤֮ϡ


809 µ
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ԭˣ΢΢˵ͷ˿Զڻаɣһս˵ˣ
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ҲǸȥһǲľˣƲͣǣŲʣ˾һ֮ңǰеĲľǰ
ҲȥŲ̤·һˮ߾ͽƶ֮
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810 粻
˵ֻϧɾ̫СǿƤ磬ֵĻǶ˾Ǿ˫޳ɣǶѾﵽ˱廯ľ磬ʹû֮Ǽȥû֮ˣ࣬ҪɫС˵䣬Ѿεض𡭡
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811 
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˳֮ĻǺеĻȴٴųɻ֮࣬ɢڡ
˻ĻҲû˺֮УŲȴҲֳÿһֻŵĺɻ֮ϣɻ϶Ϊһڵĸʢȸ𣬷˳ܣȸ䣬һȸ죬˳ػġ
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֪ⲢҪЦЦ
ŲݸƺҲûаźд࣬Ͳĸԣ͵ժӣ
ʲôֻǾţһë˴վҪ߳Ƭģǵ㼣ҲὫźط£ͺñ࣬Ѿʼ飬䵱۾ɱЩС𣿡
ƵĿ⣬ԶԭŹɱֻ࣬ЩͬΪȱٻС࣬һɸ߾ѾǺܴˡ
㿴СǾȻҲںҶϰˣŲһָǺŵĻ
С¶Ҷϵ¶ˮϲģ룬ԺӦòΪֵһ壬ȴܱӻԶǱҪ㣬ҵԼڵļֵʳ֮УֻˣܳɳһЩ
ΣԣȥߣΧչ˻
ȥ뺣սɣ󺣣վᱻֻǵ̫ˣܰɻҲͬǳСЩǿߣƺûгְɣ
ǿߣָ֮翪֮һ𣿡
Ƶ˵ͷ֪һ˭


812 ڲı仯
Ųҡҡͷֻ֪Ǽǵֵĸ磬ȻСΪСŹӲдڣ嶼ȽǣǵҲǿ񣬳㣬Ժ鷳ͻһЩ
˵䣬ŲʵĿѾգ·ңԶ춥ϣһ˫˫̰ΣյĿ⣬ע·һС
Ƶͷͬһ֣ĸŮ˳
ֻǷߵŲ֮󣬲ûκεľȣΪȻƵڿռ֮У飬Ѿǿ
ֻŲȴһЩȵĿŮɻĿ˿ơ
Ųʽ㣬Ƕ檣ԺǶһˣҲϣ㲻ҪǼǣĸĸµķˣ΢ЦſŲʡ
ŲƺѾ˺˽⣬ƵæЦǱȵӦΪǣλ㣬֪Ҹôƺǣ
ĸһЦ֪ŲҲͨ飬ȻʲôС֣֮ҲѾķ룬ŲʵĻȴоģǰסŲʵ˫֣Ųǻ粻ĸˣܵõİĽҲǷĸǵĽ㲻㣬ôãǲҵˣҽĸλŮ
ҲŸճΪ಻ãöĸ͹Ҳ̫Ȼܵ㣬λԺҲҪ̽ҲǣŲһСŮ̬ûΪΪĸ԰ʲô
ŮȴЦˣŲʽ㣬㵱Ҫã
Ųգգۣò𣿲Żۣ𣿡
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ʮλ𣿡ŲʺܳԾҶԾΪƵ̫١
ôŲʲöࣿ٣ҲЦˡ
콫µʼ棬ԷȻԽԽãܷܳĿ࣬ȺŻǿ󣬲𣿡ŲʳɵĿŮĿȴƵϡ
ȴǰȴûô͸ŲԼĺǿ࣬
ܿ죬ƾ뵽ɹ֮еѼѡ
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ֻǣȴûҽɹֹڻ֮УΪɹᱻĻϮӰϾĴ࣬ͨࡣ
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Ҳضǧ꣬Źһꡣ
ȻҪضе˻ΪʱٶܵӰĻǾͱҪṩ㹻ǧҪżת
һǲԸôģʹʱٽйĻǾˡ
̹ʱҲüٽȴҲҹȡ
ҪΪʥ˺ʥѾʱپˣ̹Ȼ֮ʱϺֹڱô꣬ûгּʥ˺ʥ
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˸Ůûгɼңĵ·
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ΪƲΪȦĸҲûйȹʳҪضħ޶ಿ͹ң˿Ѿ˰ڣɽеޣҲȡ
ʱƣڹעԼİ˸Ů̽ԼŮԼĵ֮࣬ƺӵһЩֻϧ̫ͣҲʱ޷ջ
Ѿ⣬Ҫ۲һʱ䡣
ջ˼ƿ˿ŲʺŮŲʱӦò£һͬҽɹ֮аɣ
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˫ֱסѼѣֻѼѵԶأ¶ѾɻƽָĽ˵ͬʱĽɴ֮Уշת࣬Ӱ


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⻹࣡ѼһЩԹ
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ԭŮӾѾ˺ܶ˹ϸĿǵһһǵһһС
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ѵûǸ㣿ȻǻޣӦþɵģɵޣǶҪСģǣʹ޽ҲҪʵʵҼȥǼ˵ΪΪ͵Ļٺ٣๫ӵϳЦ


814 ˱ɫ
ṫӿƵĿѾ̺ɱ⣬һȻӲƵĸ֪һЩЦǿŲʣȻס뷨΢ЦĿŲʣŲʣ㲻˵Ҫ𣿻һ֪Ķˣ
ŶģŲĿг档
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ŮգɫҲÿṫӣһʱҲ֪˵ʲôΪǸҲǳȤռɫˣŮӣκһܿƾɫһ֪ܷŹ
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һƾȻǴԲҲһԭץ˵ˣҲ׷׶סŲĿɵĿչӡ
չҲû뵽ƵΪȻ˸ߣü֮ȴЦһǴԲ磬Σɱһж˳е
ŲʺȻһЦЦ˶ҲǺֱ


815 ԰
ŲʵЦʹΧ۵˶һȻҶŮǲǲвʱôܻЦ
ʵŲΪƵŭЦȻЦֹͣŲĳһˣ
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ȻҪ棬ҾͰȻؼˣһ֮󣬴Ѽѵˣֱʧ
Ųһˣһ˷ܡ


816 
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ѵи߼񣿡ҡҡͷû˵߼Ǵ봫˵֮У˵еĻҲֻд˵еʵ۲
ӰƵȥ²²ƵǲǺˣԲߣֺŲ˵ʵһ㣬ڸߣ
λӣǰ·ūҿǺߵģŲŤСüɫ˵š
Ӱ㶣ȴһֲͷǿŲǾɫòվɫռϷ磬һ֣˽ŲʰΧУһͬ뿪Ⱥ
ˣɵٴŭȵӰ÷˭Ȳ㣡
ӰһЦ㻹ǿԼɣҵ飬Ҫܣߣ
˵ıӰû˵ȥˣʹȥ֪Ҫ߸ʣҪúõĲǸӵݡ

ʱƣȴѼѵ˳һƬйĴ֣֮УŮһϰ˵ĶΧЩУһԲĸСԲʣµλҲʮˡ
ΧŮȴСԲ磬ǵɫҲ쳣£Ķܡ
飬ǰÿҺң͵ǵĶܲɣѶг򣬴˵ؾõ֮Ϊ׵ǸԲ񿪿һ
еϴ죬ĿࡢĿǡţֱһѺؽĶ˵Ľ𷢴󺺣ŭݷĸϷҰеöˣʲôʱͶĶǲҪǰеı𣿾þǣǲ֪ûǸ£
ǺǺǣǾͲϧˣɱǣ𷢴󺺿ݷ˵
ܰٶŭһ˱Χ£İˡ
еıϿûʲôصĵطĳĶ̵ĽпǰʹؽŮʹõϸ˰һСվӶеĵ˶ƴ
ǴԲĸСԲûǰƾдλλ񣬸ɱˡ
֮еѼѼһĻֱƣдЩŭƣΣգΪʲôȥǣѵıҲ򲻹Щˣ
Ѽֻ֪Ƶķ˸Ӷ򲻹ȴ֪Ƶıɽۣ϶
һЦǺǵȥæȤ㱣֤ǾԲΣգ
ʵƻкû˵ҵĺӣɹ滹û˭ɱѡ
еİڻӶʱƺҲһһ֣˾ǣȴ͸ֽйȴ޷ƿ֡
𷢴󺺺ĸСԲĶŰˣֻһСԲ˵˸ɵ󷨼Ϊ죬ֻСԲ񣬿ȴܷӳԲսųҲóˣСǵʧʹˣ
֣ҵ˸˵ûаɣҲʱܣֻҪþУҲǿһֱȥȥһЩ޶
ǣųһСԲնˡ
磬ǳȥɣǴ˺սĥеؿ˵
ҪĥǰãϴЦһ
磬ҪȰǸԲ˰ɣҸ˵ֻҪװߣ϶ǣʱǰ˽һһɱС鿪һ
ǰõԴþô죬ֻҪɱǸų˲Ϊǣϴͷ֮󣬰˾Ѿʹһ֮
һ䣬ֻûʹãԼΪʲôͨΪڳ֮󣬾;߱츳
ȻҪģҪҶϿɲС
ģһ壬˫͵һ̤棬ڿն𣬿ӣǰǴߡ
ǽ𷢴󺺼һĻкȻһ˳ǹٺһߣûţ
ɫǹһϬǹâ׼ǰɵ־ͻ˹ȥȴҲڿ׷ȥ
ɱеİͬһͷų˰˵âֺ֮Ϊһ壬ǽɫǹâײһ

ǿէһǿ磬â˽ײȻը
䡭
Բ׵ĹľֱΪƽأһǽ𷢴󺺣ȴգͷԼۣΪѾʧˡ
ڸղţâǹâԻը֮󣬽âûȫʧ𷢴󺺵ؿڻ鼱֮¶ɱȥһ۰
һĻ𷢴ԵñСԲҲڿն𣬷âȰ˻ȥ
ɱ
ٴٺȣ˵âɢȥӲͬķλˡ
𡭡
һԶöȥʮͷߴħޣ̧ͷ죬Ȼмֻչޡ
ϵ£ѾȫİΧ
üһĻ໥Ŀһۣ¶֮ɫǲ񣬻ûи
磬ģǰֲûоǲһ·ͦ𣿴˸ƴˣһս֮Ǿͻؼңøĸģ￪һ
ͷֻϴ˵һǲٲ׾ˣҶ뽣֮ڣֱý幥
ٺ٣ϲˣһЦգȻȴҲ֮ʧյֻʣһѽ
ͬʱҲʧŵȴǸԵı


817 ־
ռЩΧɱ˼һĻɫȾϲĿҲ¶̰֮ɫ
ӦþǰõľаɣúúãֻҪõֻ֮£һкη壿ɱǽųЦ
ʮͷߴħޣţ׼ֻͺ˹ȥ
ֻȴշһ˲£һγһѳ׵ľ޽ЩţֱȡλԲ񾳽ų
ųһĻɫҲ쳣أǹֶȥиǱһջ壡

޽˳ǹһ㣬˱һصĽ⻤еĽ𷢴󺺡
أ
һ֮£޽ֱӾû˽֮УҲ֮ࡣ
𷢴ɫȻȴҲѾ޷ֻĿž޽ԽԼĻ֮С
أ
ǽ޽ǽ𷢴󺺵Ŵض
Х
޽ӽ𷢴󺺵ĺնգĽ˽ֿ»˰á
𷢴󺺻ĻתΣŰãɫ𾪣лڷܣ
ûʲôܵģڻˣǰóŵʱ򣬸ĸǣܲɱͲɱԺٸǰãǱɱ㣡ϴ˫ɱ
˲·еˣ̤ɽҪ뿪˵ء
վסųٴηһ
㻹ʲô飿췴ʡ
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Ƕˣ㻹Ÿʲôû뵽ǵĺӶôˣûѼѺԺʵԼĺѾ൱ˡ
ãѵ֪๫Ϊ𣿡һŮЦ
ʲôΪֻ֪ķһǷˣѼסˡ
Ǳ߱ģźһؼңЦ
һмŰá
ֻѼȴһ飺ţǾȻǣô£
ΪǵȻˣЦЦ
Ѽѿ˿ԼȻûԼڣΪ
ʳǻкܳһξ룬βźǵĹУɳ˼δ򶷣ȴǺ׵Ľ
ֻǣڼػʳǵʱ򣬰ǿĶ֣ΪԷһ
Ȼֻǳ񣬿ǻ֮£ɲǰܶԿġ
ңһϵγƥΧŰüٷһϵĴǵнҿԸǲ
ֱֳɫص½䱸ţղѾϳһѾ޽ȴԷ𿪣ʹǸ޷һ
ǰǰãԩ޳ǰݣȻеıοҪ˱ǣ쿪һ
ԹңеıѾϵȣҲǷǣǵĸĸõԣǱҪ־ܣٴδ翵
һ˻ɫԾ켱һǰҸĸôˣҪǸ˺ǵĸĸǰüʹҲҪͬھ
ǺǺǣǸТӣûǸˣڰѽӵ
룬ܵܡãǵø׵˵ʲô𣿡ʵ
˵ֻҪĺ¼û˭ɱǣ齿дǡ
ãǾһأ
ţ磬˺пƭǵģĸǶʵˣôܵȰ˵ɻ
һ˻¶ɻ
ϴʵ㵽ǺˣǰĹϽҲɱǣѵͲ°㣿ǵĸĸô
Цˣ͸ǰѣǻ֪㸸Ȣ˼Ұɣٺ٣Ǽˣԣץ֮ǵĸĸҪԹԵڿɶǵҪǵĸĸͷд
Ȣ˺õüͷ׷𣬵Ҳ֪ȴ˼ʱ
鷴ʵҪҪЮǵĸĸ񣬻ҪҪ
ҪЮΣֻѡҪô±ץȥǵĸĸҪôھɱǣɱ֮ǵĸĸҲˣ
㣿ôʱĲ֪ѡ
еȴЦҡҡͷѾ֪ΪʲôˣһŲʰϻǰ鷳ȻװŲˣҲҲԼˣԾʹץסԼĺǣȻҪЮԼ
ƣô죿ȾȺǰѼɫη壬˫ֽץסƵĸ첲Ȼ֪ƵľΪȴ˵жֲ
ҪģҾԲκ˺ǺӵֻϣֶѼѵֱۣο
ģѼѲŵĶơ
ĵ˵ͷѼ΢
Ϊѣһ뵽ԼһˣǾͻɱԼĸĸûս֮ġ
໥ĶһۣȴӶԷп˴𰸣Ͷ
еı׷֣쿪һǸ˺ǵĸĸǰüʹҲͬھ
ܺúܺãһ紵˰ѽ𣬶ʧٴγ˼ƥͽ˸Űˣɶȥ
󷽵Ƶ˼ˣֻĵĸ档


818 
Ƶ˸Ű˸Ůһͬǣһ̻Ի͵ĸ֮ۡС
⴦ۡΧΧǽûʲôر֮ڲĽȴȫʹô죬ҲǴ̵Ķ
ֱʣߵѼһ̾˭ңôôǮ
ýԪɣǵĶŮҲܰ쵽Ц
ôǵĺӣѼѾټ
û£ȸȥ
һ˸űץİˣͽһ֮С
ͷһаʮƽ׵ƽ̨һӣĿ
һžͽĹرգǵƥҲʧˣһµӣ̨һ˹˵ˣѾץˣ
˫ۣ¶ɻ󣺡ǸŮûȥǣ
ҡҡͷûУ
͹ˣȻԴҵߣӦԴоǲǣѵûбŮӷ֣ŮѾˣ̫ϵԵú
·վŵİѾȲˣϴ챬ǰҸĸץȥˣȥǣ
һ죬ǻǵģǾ͸ҹԹԵĴһ֣ԪƼƬ֮䣬ͽ˻˽ˡ
ѽƣѼѼһĻڿʼץ
֪ҲǸóˣٲ֣Ѽѿ϶Լֻһ㽫ڰϵĽԪظɢˡ
ء
̨ϵĽӼˣɫٸв죬ΪǰʹʲôطԪ飬һݣƼͼٴν
Щڿ֮󣬱˲ʧӰ١
סˣ͵һվɢȥԲ֮ȫбȵ˭Ǻ˸ԣ
ˣõм񣬾Ȼ۸ӣѵͲ߳ܣƵ˷˽ӵĶ
ӴһҲһ㵣ΪǶоǺˡ
߼䣬ʱָ߼ˣɻ󣬿ȴвηʿǳһĺãȻ˱£ӦҲ֮
㻹ҪǿмķϣȻ㣡һ
˵˰ɣڱ˵ܴ󣬿Ƕ˵ȴСҲλһ˵ʹǸ߼Ҳ԰Ҳһ㣬ǲµˣȻδȴԲܵģһЩĵĻص
Ҿ㿴᲻㣡һЦƾնһòŮӡ
ŮŲʡ
еƵ˼ˣһ㶣ֽѵӵĲҲסˡ
һ˼ϲɫ֮ȴһŭΪ˭װŪԭǹһǾ仰ֻҪӦҵӣҲ԰Զ췢ģԹһһ⣬Σ
ޣŲʺܲŮ³һĭӣŤͷȰˣ¶һ΢Цǰ˸ǲƺͼѼѵĺӣ
ҲüŲʣǶŲʵòҲеǳ𾪣ǿϣҲֻԼĸײŮȣʹĸףƺŮҲһЩ
ҲǸĸףʹƵĸû¶̫ʧ̬ɫܿ˵ͷ֪λǰǣ
ǺǣҾǵףŶǸ׵ġ˵ӦС檰ɣţСӰץˣھΪǱ𣬿ô
Ųһ֮󣬲еİˣתΣһץǽӶʱ͸оκȻܵ˼Ľ޷룬Ųʷ˹ȥ
أ
ŲһѹӾͺݺݵˤĽ£һ̧֣Ųʵƾճһͨĳ׼ͷľʹȥ
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ţŮжһߦȰĶ̹ͬͷô
ˣĲҽڱѪǾûлֵĻᡣ
վŵİһ㲻һʵλǿ񣬾ȻԼŮӴһֱУҪԼš
Ůûд̫ãŲȻعеĳӸС飬ЦĻҲȥ򣡡
Ҵ򣿡оԴһЩɣָָԼıӡ
ûµģӾ͸ˣԺӴ񣬱֤һһ׼ǲᷴˣԣ
ģգգ˫ۣ˿еĳ
Ųʵ˵ͷ
Ŵ󵨵ǰȥ
ʱȴӦˣһң
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أ
Ӻ㣬Ҳ֪ô£оӺкǿʹԼԴײһȥͷѪ

ӲҽһæסԼԴȥ
ǿۣٴ򣡡
ء
۸ǣץҵĸĸҵĸĸų
žžˡûץǵĸĸ
ƭӡҴ㡭
ǱߵŮоҲ湻ˣ˿µļӣеĶ̹Ӹ㣬ЦҲȥ棬ӦñȽϺ棡
ҡסˡ
ôˣңŮЦ
Լô𾢣׳˵ӣܿɻǰǣ
Ŷ㸸׵һС檣ţһģŮһָŲʡ


819 ǵĸ
Ů뾪˼ҵʲôۣû̫ðɣȻ͸㶨ôŮˣҡƺ˼ҵһ
ܿ죬Ҳȥ׷ͷһᡣ
ȻˣǻָٶȴǳĿ죬һ˶ˣɻֻһЩѪȴûʲô󰭡
Ůеİֽ˽͸磬ַᡣ
գǵõĽһûץǵĸĸ
й۲ƵһЦȴֹںǵǰбֵĻˣǼÿǻûأ
ԴҪҼ࣬Ҳ͸һӣȥ棿ĸЦ
תתȻ˵ͷҲУҾץҪһ²У
գһ㷭ۡ
ѼգȴǳĿģͨ£Կ϶ЩҲǳ۰ԼĺӣԺƵı𣬺Ҳ۸
֪ŮڶûΪһаŮ˸ӣŮеı
˵Ժ󶼲ܹ߻˺ӣ⼸СӿҲмТĺѪˣȻؼңǰôôʧֱ˲ƻؼˡ
˵ʵڵģ治֪ԼŮߵЩŮӣ֪ԼŮԺôԼԾŮ뺢ദദõʱΡ
뿪֮ѼѵȼŮͬʱ¶Ρ
Ů֮һ㶣һϲ׷Ѽ˹ŮӶеİ鳣ͶѼѵĻ׷׾ףû£̫ˡ
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Ů¿ȥŮĸŲʡŮӵòһһãſھ̫̾ΰˣȻΪôƯĺ
ʲôԺͽѼЦ
ǣ֪˭˭СأǸôƺüͷ
ԺͽˣǻûأţԺ󶼻ǼģĸЦЦ
λףϴȹһһ֮󣬱־㶨ˡ
úúãͷһμ棬׸ÿһףҪʲôĸٲȻŮеϴٴЦ
Ůգգۣ㡢˱İ鳣ּˡ
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Ů˷֮ŮҲٿŮһеı
ΪǲĿԴǱڽʵ飬õ֤ʵ֮󣬲Űĵڡ
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ڼߣһؼңѼѻص
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ֲûΪȴҲϣǣûΪΪأŮɻ
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㸸ҪɱĻöһͷˣţƬ磬һͷ˶ữɻҽף
Ůһԣȫסˣ𾪰֮ȴɻ󣺡λף˵ƬصײΰĲΪβڲƬصףǵĸף
֪˭𣿡ŲЦСӰ棬ָָ
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ƬصĲƬΪĲѼҲ벻Ǹ
ݸоҲ˼ģҡͷЦЩǴ˵ƣҲǵĸף
ۡǵĸôΰѽŶˣ˵Ϲʱڣһã۹ã۹һһвһƵһƽ֣֮Ǿͳ˺ѣ˼䷢ߣͳ֮磬˵ǸȥһӸ߼磬ǲһֱ˼䣬࣡
˵֮ĿҲڲĶŲ
˵ͷҾǸǸʱŮװ֮ǵĸ״ӸӸ߼緵أЩ඼ŲƵԣžǣ
ԭôΰΪʲôǣŮĿѼѵϡ
ѼȴãȻΣ㸸ײʴͳɽ磬ʲôʱˣûи˵ѽ
ʲôɽۣǵĸףŮѾоԼ·ƶˣƮ


820 
ɹҲɽĴ˵Ƕ˵ɽȴǰңԶҲһ
Ůڵ֪Լ׵֮󣬸𾪲ѣСץסѼѵֱۣе
ڼǣ

˶ûȥ԰죬԰ʱȴֱð亹ΡΡ
ӼȥŴӵɫȻѯʵˣǵ˭Ϊʲô֮ǰûиң
԰һѪ֪ʲô˰Ҫ֪ɵӲŻȥ˼ң
ȻҡҡͷҲ֪ǵݣֻǣһŮƺڲֻȴҿ϶ǲ
ʲôڲŵһĶߣղǿǻڴڵţˣûϴ
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˷ģʹȥǲӰô죿
԰һ֣ŭǸ۵ļһ鷳ͰСӸҹؽգ
תתҪҪǣ
԰ЦһΪƾ˼ҵı£Ҫɱ߽ѵ˼ҵ൱ϣڲӰ˼ҸǲԸΪ˶ģ
˵ǣǲ֪ǶʲôˣóһСԲСһѵĲᣡ
»ٴȥɣ
Ȼȥ

ŮŰ˸Ů˵ѾԺС
һϣ·һͣϵŲͬ״˻΢ЦпŰ˸Ů


Ů׷׾£ɫоһϲ
ҶԺĿռͦģһ֣ʮʽͬľӾͳǰ
ǣǲǺƵı˫סƵĲӣһ̽ͷƵĶЦ
һЦֵͬʱ⣬˵ҪߵΪ
Ȼµһ
µһƬУµһҲ㲻ʲôͺñλѾµһˣ
ɲһأ˵ƬĴػДǲǣ
ДûУô߼񣬶ץģһ£ǲֵģƵͷص
ѽ߼ܱץǴ˵е𣿻ôףǲҲɴ۾ʵ
ЦЦɼеʥˣʥ֮ϻʥʥ֮ϻ죬֮ǻ粻Ѿǳˣǣһ磬ȴС红ͯ
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ƽеһְ˷ݣָһ½û˰˵Ժ֮С
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ģǶȻṼŮͬʱһ
ϲżǶСɣʲôɻ󣬾ᣡ
Ů֮ǰȴһЦλģǵΪǲҲܸߣ˵㻹ףɹۣӴĺ󹬣ܲܽЩҲһй
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ϴ쿴ȽϳȣǴʱҲﲻסѯʵһ£ǲǳһ磿
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ǵܲܰǼҲ뵽Ǹ浱УҪȥ棡
飬ʹǲ˵ҲŪȥʺǸǶİɣǸҪö࣡
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֮УСͿȸѾʼµĺ
ķٶҲǳĿ죬Ѿ˳ˣǻҲŶš
ֻҪкĵطֻҪڣǺһĻͻʧʹô඼ܹʹ÷ԸЩȼߵħޡ

һҹһӤĿ䣬˳ǰ
Ųʻ̥һǧ꣬ΪһϷŮһƬ̸ֹ֮ĺûʲôӴϻۡ
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ƽŮڻУţʹŮֱЦ
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ѾͷԺڻ֮Ҫǳˣ쿴Ȼ˲ˣҪҪȥŲЦ
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822 ɽ
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βɯһ·ɣʱ֮ɯֹͣ򸾶˾һ档
Ϊɯֺ̧С֣׼ǰһߴɽǸһƣһ֮£ɽѣһɸߵĴɽȻһƸķ飬̶ûн𣬱ɯѹȥ
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ʯȻ羧ˣȴҲΪ󣬾ͬɵʯһ
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С֣ɯŤͷƺŲʣְ֡裬ʯͷҳһҪȥҸʯͷ
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823 ڻ֮
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ѰһɫĽ״֣ԼŲƶ
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˵ʯ滹һ㵰ǣ󵰿ǱһſԽԽ󣬾ͱ˻֮Ŀռ䣬ǧϵǧ粻ǵһ֣ҲǴʯģֻϧճˣѪҺѪˮ֮вֳ֣ͬ
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ڼӽƵʱκȻ󣬴һƣ羨Ϻʹ㽫Ƹ븹С
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824 
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ܲһ֪ǳתʱѹƵͬʱˮϵͲϵɢ˻ڡ
Ȼǻ粻Գһ磬Ǿ൱ˮ磬ˮķʵҲǾ߱ģֻƽͬˮϵ֮һЩˡ
ɢϡЩˮϵȻΪƶһڵĻҲڱƷĳš
뿪ĺҲ͵û˿ףټͬͨˮϵ򣬻ҪߣͲˡ
֮ǰͨѱţſƵΪû׼ãҲûǸģȴͬƾԲöԷ˺Լ
һ֫壬˿ʱһˮϵ򣬾ͽø飬ŷ䶯úЩһʹ޷ٽЧķ
ͬ൱Ƶķ޴ͽЩֽ˿㼯ı档
ŻԽԽĵĺУֿʼˮ
ֻÿһ֮ľǳĴֱ˿ռʱıݣ粻Ȼܱȴ޷񵱳ǰǿˣ׵˲֮ͬϣ˴Сȵĺʹһ»ɴ󺣣ȴҲ޷Կˡ
ȻԸ棬˼һȴҲܶƵǳǳ˺
ǡ
һ֮ϣȻ򱻺ˮѹˡ
Ԫطֽ⣡ƶٺһ
䡭
ˮϵ۵ĺƵķ֮£ֱӾͱֽˮԪء
һĿʱͼͳ̶ȡ
Ԫת䣬ˮľһ̷Լǰ̹ѧϰΪĶȻ˶Ըǿߵܲã
ֻһ뷨ûʵ֣ΪÿһˮǻķԽķ֫⣬ȴǿиıԣΪһ͵ڻˣ˼ǻ粻𾳽磬Ȼвı¡
ܳɹҲû٣ָԪصĻ񣬾޻ѾûʲôΣˡ
Ҫǻ񣬻һöԸˣֻϧȴԼҶѾˣưһ
һ̺Ȼֻ粻𾳽ĺôˣ粻Զʧ֮ͻСϪϪǷ˵ģһַҲԼֻܵƵѹƣҪҲôףôͿãȻʹˣˮҲʧֻǱڲͬĵطˡ
Щ粻֣ÿһѵֻܸһǱйصķ磬ѵҲ̹ӵǧֻһʺķڵĿռ䣬йؾһˮ磬ֻʺϡˮĴڣ¾ͲˣȻԸⱣ£Ҳܳ䵱ռ
ƶֵͻ粻𾳽ֶһ˽⣬ôˣͱ֮ǰǻ񣬻ֻʺϴذĴڣȻ˼Ϊܳɽйص࣬ӵиϵķ
ֻǧǧϵѾԲˡ
ǧ粻֣ʱʱܴﵽĻ羳磿뵽ǸԼ֣Գƻ磬ǧϵĻսΪͿ֪ˡ


826 
ӦԼϵһƷЩ̹еĺĲ֮ͬڣĺӵһʶɻ߿ƻˮϵɡ
ȻʱԼֽΪԪأȴҲǿ־֮²ŸıģһѹƣЩˮͻٴλ㼯ɷ
̹ĺȴˮϵԪɣ̹УȻǧ϶нľˮڰ׵޵ļԪعɣ̹塣
硢Ԫأ֮ǲʲôرϵ粻ҲֻɱǣҾǸҴϢġ硯ȴ׵ɱңƬ޵棬ǿ֮ǿޣǿ޵һʲô磿ˣβ
ɻջ˼±壬ûٶǾصԭǹעڱָݵĻ
ûпĨɱͲԸĻˣҪȽС
ҵڣҲ㣬ֻҪֿҿԲѹ㣬ΣƴѶϢ
ǻͲƣһѹôɱңȻκβңһһӳȥģ
㵱Ϊ㣿ˮϵں϶ɣӻͳ죬಻ţȫԽڵˮϵȫȡԺûĻ곹׵ŭȵ
б裬ĿԶĽңвңͶ˰ɣ
㿴ˣƴЦһֱӾͳȡʮ֮ϵĺеˮϵ򣬼̶ˮϵתƳͳĻǡ
𾪣Ļǿ֮У𾪵㣿ȻԸıҵ̬
ߣȻ粻𾳽磬ֻƾˣ֪κ࣬Ҫﵽ쾳磬ͱҪںǧ򣬸ԽǧתȻף
˵ͷܿһЦȻС࣬ƺСǣҵʵûʲôã粻𾳽꣬ȫԻɻֻҪҵ꣬ҵ壬ʱضٴλû
һ֮󣬻ĻǾȻٴλһӣֻǻķҲǺܳɱţ޷Ƶǳ档
һĻƵ˫һȻԼ˻İԵ
ǧôģǻǻܳģǿԻǧеκһ֣Ϩ
ڻ˵ҪӵкֻҪ΢ķһЩеĻˣң˶ԷĻǣתٶĺҲûʲôá
ڻ粻𾳽ǿ˵꣬ǻҼʹһЩĻȴȫӵǵĻѶԸģһգüͷ
һմմϲĻܺȻ
ȻѾƸȥ߱ɻʹãֵһ˲䣬һʹУʲô𣿾Ȼܻ𣿡
һ仰и˵Ƿǳǿģ羧˻ӣӲܻ𣬿˵Ƿǳĸ߼ˡ
ջٻĲֻǵĹУҲ˵ǻ˻˵գԽΪãϵ׳Լγԭ֮ơ
Ƭ֮󣬻ⲿֵķѾɴطĻȻҲͬܣͰҲ˺ܴη塣
ûмջΪÿһ֣ǼΪѵõģһˣԺܲٴǿɾͺ˵ˣû˺ǻ֮˵ҲȻʧɫ
ҪǣѾµĸֻ粻𾳽Ӧò˵ĴڣǿޣӦò۷塣
ֻϧƸͲ֪ͨ޵·ôߣʹɱ˻Ҳ޼¡
̹ţӦҲû뵽ǻʲôɣư̾һ
ʶƿһҵ磬㹻ˣʱʵĴţҲɱٸҷҶԵеʱ͵ϮңҲ⽫зȫɱס磬ûĸʼɱҵģ
һ֮Ҳ뿪ƬѰŮͬʱҲϣһһЩ񣬵ûȥǸ

ʱţȴûˣǰһƬޣֿ޵Ĺ¶һЩëһ޴ĸо
ֱһ̣ƲźȻףĸ֣뿪˰飬޷棬ûнĶ󣬼ʹǻ粻Ҳᱻįɱ
ڻеŮͻ
ԣʱҲȥѰŮˣΣһһ࣬Żʵ㣬ǰûн
ʱѾٵˣֱӻصѾǧǰˣ
γȥѲɵ˼ԶŪȥУϲʶʯǸӰƽʡ
ȻһЩԥ˼Ƭ̲ŵҸԣӦɱң
ԣ
Ҫȥͱѧ֣Ҳ˵ǧϵ粻𾳽һȥģʯӰֻ˵пޣҾͲ֪
ֲ֣Ǹ㶼Ҫңԭˣڰҵڣ㲻ɣģҲɱģ
Ȼô˵ɻһЩη壬ԭƽ޲ĺ棬ҲʼϢ㣬ֻɲУɱ֣
ܰɣȡ˻һЩҵзܣѵҲ㣿ҿûаںϳΪҵһ֣ҲںϲˣͺñһҽɱŲжʶɱҲ͵ûһ֡ѵеķ


827 ˵ĵ
ԲźѣҪÿһԼȥΪƭˣ治
ΪҪң
ңֻҪ֮ٺúõоо
ƳĬˣ̫Ż˵ģҲ֪֮ǲһģҪһ粻𾳽ֻǳףģû
ģûǱ㲻Ļ粻𼶱ֻԼķԼһ뷨
Ȼ뵽Ǹ񣺡ǻһڣɽģйľ֣֣Ȼ䷽ǻɽ񣬶ȻҲӵƿؼֵ֮䣬뱻ɵĹϵֻҪҵеķҵΪ϶ҲԺûдﵽ޵Ŀܣ
ƳĬһЩȻ˵ɱɲģ˭Ҳû˵ʱˮš
Щ飬ԼΪߣϵ˼ţ̹еĸ磬֮еĸ֣ԼǷܳµ֡
ȻƵͷһµ֣Ҳµ֣Ǵӻ羧֮зܳģµ֣ǺͷܳµӦûشֻǵȼһˣǡ硯˵Ѱһ羧ˣԼգҲµ֣ǲң
Щ֮ҵĹؼҪȵõһŻ羧˲Уֻôƻûзһ羧ˡ
촸촸ǻ羧Ǿ羧ûʲôģֻ羧Ѿ˻Ӧòˣȡ촸촸һϸĴ
գҲûŪ׻羧µֵģ֪羧
ȥѰµĻ羧˰ɣŲʡɯĸŮôˣϣҪʲôźã

޴ǳ棬ĿĵŲţȻҲ˼β粻𾳽Ļ֡
ҺŲСȸûڣĻǵΪﵽ˻粻𾳽磬ǵΪҲȻˣţɯɯСĸһͺˣĸŮһȫõʲôɯŲģ֮ĸӦضǿտ޵ۣŲʵΪǲǻɯΪ
뵽ԼҲѾˣٱǿԼŲѾͳ̬ͬˣһҪͻɽ֡

ǿգ˼еƣȻͷǰȻͬڴ򶷣ƺ棬һǷȺһǼ׿ǳȺ
ֻҪƵҪ࣬ÿһֻͬһˮǧ򻯣ռŴƬգҳĶײɱ
ֻǣʱȴȻֹͣ׷ȻĶƣʵҲСԼڵ򣬴ССѾڿˣҲǳĴ󣬵ƶСӡ
ƹԼڵӦÿԴﵽǧڿϣ׼ȷ֣Ҳҿ϶
⻹ȻĽƿıĴСȥĻ͸ˣ޷㡣
߶棬Ƶ壬ûԶԶĶš
һ񲻰ʹĻҲη壬ƺѾûзˣȫǻɣΪƺȻҪһЩư˼š
ʲôࣿϣ㲻Ҫ֮սȺȴ
ܸңսΪɶԷ𣿡Ʒʵ
ȻҪȻ˭ԸսòҪ֣򡭡ȺһЩвζˡ
ҿԲ֣ҲԲ֣Ȼ˭ȸβɶԷΪãҾܰ˭һ׳ԼնҽϢݸ֡
һȻסˣΪǶܿǳ֮ϣһɫĺȻģ̺˴Ļ϶ǻ粻𼶱𣬼Ȼɵֿɻ֪ܲеķ
ȺĲ֪׿ǳѯˡ
֪ѯʣ
ɻģУ㻹ûиʲô֣׿ǳ淴ʵ
ֻǽûʲô֣ղŲǽȺ𣿿Խ壡
壿ҿԸ㣡ܱ֤һԸȺ׿ǳ˵
Ȼһϲ
ģҲԸ㣡ȺˣҸ㣬ֻҪʶɱȻ壬ܶһˣ
ʶɱǾ͵ڻ壬ỹڣЦһ׿ǳ˵ңҺϻȺɱ
׿ǳҲָ֪֣Ǽ׿ǳȴֱɣȻ׳ԼдĻǷֽ⣬ܣ䳤֮ٴɱϵķɣÿһ֣͵ڶһջİ֣
ɣУĲл׳յеĻΪ˵Ϊջأ
׿ǳ淢ƺ̫һЩҪǿȷʵͣͲԸƣʱֻεѵڵ֣ڵĻôûϵĺеĻǻ粻𾳽磬κһķҪĻתΪԼҪɣͿ԰Ļˣǽɳ̫в㣬Ժĵˣĵ˻ɱǵķһȻͻᱻգʡȥһ࣬յȻͻӡ


828 ץ
ѭʳƺȻ뵽̹еһｵһˮ㶹Բһ̬ѭȻзĸ棬ȴҲΪѭԲųȥ
뵽ֱ֮Ӿ͵ͷϿ˼׿ǳ棬ãھʹӦ㣬һͬԸȺ
ɱ׿ǳ֮ϹâһαȻÿһƵС¡¡ЩȺ
Ⱥˣ˵ĳˮ룬ȴѾŲƵˣңһĺҲų
ĺߣΪź񲻻ⱻѹһ
ȻҲ޿κΣֻܻˮײ˷Ⱥ֮С
ˮûнȺ飬ڽ۷γһˮĤķҲ۷ǣٵûƵ֮С
벻ǣȺһ͵Ϯŭ֮󣬾Ȼͷųأһ㣬ˮĤײƵ֮ϡ
ССķأȴǿĻͷ·ײɲǼ䣬Ƶͱʮڡ
⻹սķȺƺѾʹƣȻȫƵ
Ⱥ֮ͬ࣬ҲƵСҵĹʹƲòˣǻҲӲӣǻɢա
زûжԸ񣬶Ǽ׷Ƶ壬׷ĹУȺҲ˼׿ǳΧɱ
׿ǳˣצһ˫Ӳǳȶڣͬһ׷˹ȥ
ƼصٶƺԼҪ죬֮£ֻܼٷƾѸѱ۵򣬵ȴںˡ
һֻֻ˸ɫâľ޴أǻҹյɫ磬˲ûƵڡ
ŷرըһ˲䣬ЩƴҲ˲ʧ˷򣬶ѱԪأɢڿ޵֮С
Ƿرը֮󣬾Ȼֿᣬ۳˷أƵ񹥻ȥ
ʵҪΪ˿ƻķҪЩķأҲǲѣǻȻʱߣʹֻܲϵѱ壬󣬲ء
Ⱥʱ䣬ʹü׿ǳȺڸϵȻҲֳ˸֮䣬ÿһצȻץסһ֧أķض׿ǳӲǼӲǣ
ץסصļ׿ǳ棬צѿһڣͽظڡ
Ⱥʧȥ˶أȻģٴͷųأͼʱҲڸϵˣˮΣס˶Ⱥ
ץסᣬ޷򣬴Ⱥ֮ڣֿʵ壬ȻȺ֮ڣӴȺˡ
һټķȺ˲ͼ֮ʣµ֮һˣҲٽˣ󳷡
ƵҲû׷Լջ
ЩȻҪѹҲôףĿ˻֮ϣһԸҼһģֻҪعԸһҵ
ֻʣһĻڿ޵ƮûʹӦƵҪ󣬳˼ãŴҿڵЩжҪҷ
ҵǷתҿΪ֮кʼ棬㣬ҵѱ䣬ԶɣͿˣ
һ֮󣬲µ֣Щ֮ϣٵγһʹ÷ɵĺƬ֮䣬ȻѾﵽ˺ĴС
ֻϧЩ֮вû̺Ҳڲؿռ䣬ȴҲû𾪲ѡ
ΪܵͬԴֻҪʶעУһſϵһӣɶΪķͳ졣
ûеȴӦƾѾѹĻĺ㼯һߺ϶Ϊһʹû˲һࡣ
ãҴӦ㣡Ͽƣ˵ҵı𽫻Զһ𣬵ǣҲס
ȻǶԼĹ滮ȿٴӦҲ٣һ֮ͽǧѭ滮˻ʶ֮ڡ
ˣȴĬԿֲͬ粻𾳽֮ѭĺôȻҲ֪еѣһͳƵĸӹˣһ粻𾳽ǿ޷ܵġ
֪ͬһƵ滮ʵˣǱؽǿǰΰģҪȻ֮粻𾳽ֶǹ¶ģѭУʧȴּġ
գ񿪿ʵ뷨ܺãɾǲ֪ûǸܵʵƻǧ粻ֶҪ棬һ㽫ǣʶɢ
飬Ԥϣľǣ»ֻ֣Ҳӵѱ޷ͬȴУֻܽڻ֮УԣͲҪҵİΣͳЦһЩû˵ǾܻԪأڲͬ塣
Щ粻𾳽߱ģеƣȱٵľǿߣԣѭʱȻҲͻƷ׳Ļ


829 
ڽڻ֮ر˿ޣѾǰ֪飬ҪɻȴƾնΪﵽ粻𾳽֮ҪĻɾͲô׵ģΪ֮У϶֮ǱɢģǴءɽвľȣл粻𾳽ǿͳ죬ȻԸٴˡ
ǿСߣȴԸԼͬǿߣҲΪ١\ľ粻ֹƵԭ
ʹƵҲͬŴغͺеĻֻڻȽС˼Ҳû̫⣬Ƶĳɳȥ֮Ȼһս
粻𾳽֮Ա쾳ǿΪǿԽȫ궼ɻڸǿʵһѭ
ۻȺǻ׿ǳ棬ǵڶǿԿٳռģǵͬԴҲ֣һЩǵڿٿռ䣬ǱǵĿƵӣΪȻҲǿˡ
ʱ۵Ḷ́Ҳ໥ɵḶ́ɴһҲһĿȻˣ֮粢ء
õƵĴ֮󣬻΢΢˵ͷȻˣҾͶһΣϣ㲻Ҫʧ
һֱûƵռ֮С
˻İѹķȺҲ׶Ըˣƴڲѹ󽻸Ը׿ǳ棬һ֪ҵ飬ܲܿһ£
׿ǳѾԶƵ棬ʱնƣƵĻ֮󣬼׿ǳͽ䱸ԭܼ򵥣˴Ⱥ֮ǰĳŵҲʧˣڣ֮Ҳͳ˵жԵĹϵ
׿ǳͷų⣬Ƽæ˵ҿ㽻һһΣҵ֮Ȼû̫ĻȴǷ۶ɣ԰֣
ô᲻ڽҵ֮󣬻᲻ṥң
ֻһ֣ʹΪҲκΣհɣѵ粻𾳽㣬ӾôС
㣿Ҫ٣
һھ㹻Σ
һڣһǧǺĻԺԼ׿ǳص
֮󣬾ͲܷˣҪҪ
ǵȻ
ã
һ֣ͻһǧŲͬ򣬷˼׿ǳȺ塣
׿ǳҲֳһǧƵ֮ڡ
ҿԽĿƣֻԭʼıܣܷ񣿡ƿϵļ׿ǳ棬΢Ц
кβɣ׿ǳһǧ˵Ժܿ»ûеʶ˳
൱ÿһһĶĸˡ
ȻҲһǧеʶ˳˼׿ǳ棬׿ǳԼĸС
׿ǳ뿪֮кȻЦһ̣Ȼ˽Ļ˵Ǿҵֻнܲļֵֻֽĺôȴ
Ϊ׿ǳ޷ѱģ׿ǳķȴϢķܣһǲһǿʱһãƵΪֻԽԽǿ׿ǳΪǳĻ
սˣЩԸ⽻ģǾǿпƣȶԷԼȻлֱӼԼеǿ߾͸ˣ
ư֮󣬿һǧ׿ǳ棬û˱ʶͿƣΪֻ൱쾳磬ÿһ׿ǳڣһСĿռ䣬ȴǴͬ壬ȴ޷ܡ
Ϊǲͨǧ͸ԪأԣԼڿռҲ޷ƾ
ǷܵΨһ;Ǵ۷룬һ۷룬͵ڽնΪ룬Ϊٴνֻͣ൱ʥα켶ڵСռҲûˡ
ƲûоÿϧҪֻ֣ȷ֮ܳȻΪߵĳ֡
ƵĿ֮£һǧ׿ǳ棬ͱѱǧ˴֣֮ϣʼ
Ȼûдﵽ粻𾳽֮ǰҪΪṩ˵ǵûаΪȴǶ֮ˣųߵ㻹Ƕöࡣ
˼׿ǳֽ֮ĿǽǧڵķȺ֮ϣȺˮĤѹʱڷ񷴿
Ⱥ̫࣬Ȼ뷨㼯Ҳý
ưһ֮󣬽Ⱥڵĸ½֫ˣʹֻʣ塣
ҪζԸȺӦòŷȺĻǣƷʡ
һѻ˾ǣȰԺ׿ǳɳ֮ü׿ǳʰֻҪӲߣΪ˱ֻֽܷⷱܳĸ壬ԣҪˣ
һ֮ɻƼγһſž޴Ļ򣬶ڻĿ֮£ͽЩȺ˲ͬĻ֮ڡ
ȺҪɶ˻·ȻסŷȺվʵģ
Щ֮Ʊ뿪ԶȴмӴʱѹѾ
ģ޴ӰƵߣһٻһ\ľ֮ϣپȻˣģȴǱһֻֻ۷䡣
ţٵΪࣿ۷ƺҲˣһ壬ȻǿûŲߣʹкҲһǵĶ֣ưһ֮ȴڻˡ
࣬ΪһſСҾϲǻ쵰ۣҿԱѩˣҿߣ\ľʶɢȥƵʱ֮սѶϢ
ͬʱǵٶҲȻӣһʱܱ⣬ٶȻҪһЩ
ƼˣֻܵŲûѹȺɢ֮УγһĻ𺣡
Ȼһ\ľٶͼǰһĿȻջ𣬿Ƕֻȴǳη塣
Ըֻ棡\ľٴѶϢһɫС룬˻𺣡
Сװˮĺ«ȻԽУȻվǱΪҽȴҲ˶
ƣѾʧ


830 ׹
һߣ\ľҪҵҲܣ֮һͬɻҽ֮ҲѾԶȥˡ
ûԸ֣֮󣬱һĿĵŲƣֻһȴûʹԼƮ
޵֮УҲûĳһ֮Ʈܵһ޵
粢ûʱοֻܰԼǳ˶ƣԼʮ֮ǰȻһ㣬žԽԽ󣬹Ҳ˲ɫ
㲻ȥȻƴϢ
Ϊʲô֪ʲôط
֮⣬ɱ粻ǿǹâģһΪٸҲãȰ㻹ԶǧסͲ룬ѾӦڽɣڻĹ涨Ѿ뿪ˣ
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磬ֻҪҪȥͻԶͳȥ
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ϿҲһǶԵģƫҪȥﵽʲô㲻˽Ļ᣿˵ǿԵõĻ㲻ҪٷԣȻңǾ͸Ҽʶʶ⵽Ǻ
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ǷӣȻô˵ȴûٷԣΪʵԹԴҲǳĺ档
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˵Ĳôһ򣬼ʹ棬ڲȻҲ羧ʯٺ٣һᷢƣ

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磬ҵģð師Ĵ̤ǰƵǰ֮󣬶׼ƾ͵ͷȥ
̽һ˵̧촸Ӳ˶Էһ

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ܿ죬ϴɫȻǰǴģŶˣܶഫ˵ĸ׹䣬֮󣬻ữʯĪǰ׹֮ˣ

ôܣԷˣ޲ʹһЩסһ˿ǣҲǳңҲû˵ģ϶֣ǰѵҲࣿϴƺõıȽ϶࣬ƺûɱԼֵܵ˼Ҳʹһ
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֪ǸԪȻˣȴܳ࣬ԼƤң֧ĵһƬգΪԺṩһΪ̫أֻֻܻͨ࣬ҪЩ಻Ͳ
ͷһоԼԻ粻жһ⣬ԭΪԼֲԼͲǣԼǰʶһ
Լֶǵ壬ӵԼĶʶʹǳɳҲԼԼҲḴ
ԼЩҲбնɱĿܣĲӦ˼ס㣻ȥ㣻õη㡭ѭĽŲ̤߹·;ΪĸԸı㣬
ȻˣǣĴ˵˵ǲһ֮һЩƣȴֱ֮߼Ķࡣ
̹ţѵǻԪ۵Ļϧ̹Żûгɳͱָɱˣ̹ȴΪλԪ۲ķأ飬ɻ˵̹Ųᣬֻ֤Ԫ۲봫ˡ
ȻЦΪԼѾ֤Լ룬Լ׷ǿͻ̹棬֮磬ڻ磬̤֮ǣ֪˻ԪۣȻҪ׷Ѱ֮ʼ⿪յף׷Ѱǿ֮·׷ѰԪۣ
ⲢǻԪ趨ȴΥĹɡ


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ܿƽٴΰ֪ǻԪ粻ȼģ
һ֣ջֵܵˣתȥΪ֮ľ඼һиУʮ࣬뽫ɱΪʹǶˣҲΪ෱ܺǵĺһǶˣ࣬ǼΪġ
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ǧһѭʹû˵ҲܲµѵϵȥЩΣ֮Ѱ

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ƺһڲ裬΢ЦܷʲôΪ


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Ƕ˼ֲǿЦֻûصֵܣֻǻԪ
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ֻɻȴ˵򣬿϶ŶԷԼǴ̹˵ѾҲ˵ֵ֪βⶨԪ
һЦƹʲôվЦֵܸħϵҲһͬȥԺвⶨĻԪʯ

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գһЦĳ䵱ֵܾһУѲˣԼΪߵĶаʦϰߣ
һƵ㸸׿֪
֪͵͵ܳģҴǰ㣬ңҲɢǰϢĵƺҲ̧ͷĿļ˵ǰ·ţŶǰúϰ䣬ǰ
˵
ǣŵû񿵼ֵùвƣվС־СǰĿⶢԼĽż⡣
ʲôΪ
ѾǻԪˣ
Ȼȥɣ㸸飬ͬĻҲ㣬Ҫȥĵطȴǵ۶ǳңԶҪΪʦʱ޷ˣ
Ƴ˼Ƭ̣վǵͷӦˣԼûʲôͽܣ磬ܽһͽǱزٵ飬ŵʻкܺõĸ֮磬ǿɾǻ粻𾳽ǿߡ


835 ܼ
һӦɫʱ쳣ͷ·Եǹĺӣæֹڵأͽߵʦ
һЦȱô磬㸸ͬУ
ֻҪʦ˼ͬ⣬һͬģ֮أʦȻͽ͵հ죬Ҿͻȥ븸˵ȥֻǵʱҪȥʦأ˵ʱʮļ
ƽԼڵùݵַ֮󣬱ȥˡ
ƻصùݣȴùſΧһȺˣʶɨȥʱüͷ
ΪȺеĵϣȻԼͽܣֵһȺΧȭߡ
ȻǣϴθͷģһβȣͲ᳤ԣ򣬸ҺݺݵĴ򣡡һۣϹڣǱãȴ㵸ָŹ򿵼ֵܡ
ֵһֻǰ飬ܿͻȥֺοҵȣϴ󿵳ʹе
ٺ٣ǣүˣܰôү͸ǣһδһΣүԲʳԣй˳
Ǳ뷴ĿȴȻ͵ĿŹ֮һϲʦ
ͷȴоƺ˼סˣ壬һɴˤڵ档
ء
һ죬ͷҲ֪˼֫졣
һͻȻı䶯ʹЩŹ򿵼ֵܵļĿɿڴܿǾͷӦͬʱƳ˹ȥ˻ҴҼү
ء
һˣգ֮䣬ȫˤڵء
ƱΪֵܳͷȴȥˣ⼸ˣΪߵĳҲǻԪ㾳磬ܵеù
ȺҲ˶ը˹ɢȥ
ʦʦֵܹƵǰȴ֪˵Щʲô
ԺúٱЩèĴѵһ䣬̤ùݡ
ֵݺݵĵһ۹񣬸ƾͽùݡ
µĲ£һ˫Ŀг˺⣬бúúáҵҪʲô͸ǱүбǾߣүǳǣ
ˡ
ж֪ܼүǲưոݵģùеһЩסͣæ˷ǻ
һùݵϰɾΪˣղŵǿһּ¾ͽ˸ſˣȻƲ磬Ҳҵȴ֪ܼҸӲܵǿĴ֮һҪֱļ塣
ϰ壬ò裡Ʒ°һ¥ķʮƹЦ
ƹһҵү㵽ڻϿʰ뿪ǣеĺȲ裿
ҲҰߣ뷽跨İ򣬹һ𣬷˲ڣԼһҪꡣ
æΪʦͽϺõĲ裬һƣȴĵ뿪ùݡ
һ軹ûк꣬ʹһҵĽŲžͳһȺһǳеľ
ƿһΪߣĺں룬ۣͭףмơ
һ۾ͶƣһˣǸץ
վŭ֪ҷ
үץ˴Ҫɣûзȸҵ˵ץ
һ£ʮ˾ͳȥ
üͷһһץסеĲ룬ʱͻƬһء
ƬЩϣʮ͵˹ȥ
Ǵ󺺼һĻһ̶ͣȻŭСӣȻҾܲŹٲҿŵʲôʱ򣬶ҽֱɱˣ
⻹ʮ˹ٱͷһϯͳ˽
˫𣬿ͷ죬ЦһȰ㻹ǲҪҲȡ㹷ͷ
󺺼еɱĪһֱ˲ǣһ뵽ͷѾֶ˼ΣĬ˼ľ˵֣
Ҳɵӣڵϵͬ飬֪ǰ˲ǣΡΡͽ˸Χ£
ʱȻһס֣
žһƽŮ˽ٴȵ󵨣ǾȻҶʦ
ͷһˣһƺŵֱӹڵأС㣡

СϢŭҹҹ󺺹ڵϣȥ
ŮӼˣŭһ˴󺺵ϣҹȥﶪۣ
һ߷ͷ죬ʣµһЩСŲ·ˡ
ŮɫηĿƣȴƵϿϲŭиƵĲ棬ٴιڵأʦϲŭ
վȥֱ뿪ţſ˵ѵҵʧϣߣ
Ůһ˻һŽŵŷɫһϲҲĲֱӶϣæȥ
ֵ֪ܲŮǺˣȴҲ뿪ˡ
ŮȻš
ûǴȥ뿪ùֱ֮Ӿȥ
ܼҸۡ
ܼҼܷŭ˫΢΢̫ʦεķ־ͱץķ飬Цҵ˭ҶԭŵʦֻǣΪû˵һˣѵҹܼ˲ɣҲǸûһˣǸʦʹΪΣһҪ
үźǸѾˣ
ˣȻҳǣūܷһ
߽һﳤˣȴۼףòΪª
ȥ˴ү˸ɱˣ⣬Ҳץ
ǣӦֱ֮ӾͻһӰʧſڡ
ޣܼӳһħȥ֣Ҳҹܼҽǵʱˣ⣬ɳѶӥϢˣ
ǣһ߹뿪


836 
ƴյĸͽܣ˳֮󣬱һ·۶ķߡ
Ȼ֪һ·ƽƾΪĸҲûаǣټŮŶȽ˽⣬Ҳ˽˸ǰ֪顣
ౡ
һӥƵĶ̧ͷȥһֻչһ׵ĺӥͷɹ
ףϲͬʱʶҲͽӰסˣӥϾȻһͲͲ滹һű۵ֽ
żƳ쿴ӥ㿪˵ʦӥӦǵģƽʱǶǿӥѶģ
ѱΪԼˣв죬ر̶ܴ֣Ȼͣʹ̵£ӦҲĳһǿߵͺñŲĿȸС飬ԼȻǳΪֵū
ȴɻʦΪɻӥˣԪ۵Ǿżӥ
ӥǻԪѱģ
ǰ
ǷӥӦҲԪɱɣһЩˣΪ粻𾳽ǿɱģܵв£ȻṶ͵֮£һֱӥʶ˷ӥԺ˲ռ˷ӥĴԣĻǡ
ţܼҵģ̧ǱԶȥķӥȴٻֱϡ
ȡӥͲеֽţһͷһ켴š
ſ֮ɫʱͷŭдܼҲú
ʦֽĿƵϡ
ܼҺǸȻ֮ͬˣӦò֪ƵĻص
Ҳ֪ǵĹܼҺ͸ͬˣǣȴﲻǸǻԪ߾ǿߣҪɱҵҲ׶ٵ飬ʦҸףſ
˵ҲеҶѾʶѶ㸸ˣǣ㸸׼ܵǵĳֵҲһˣʱΣյģЦЦ
Ȼʦ˿϶ͽҲͷˣΪƵΪѾΪĶ˰ٷְٵΡ
ˣŤͷȥ
֮ϣһɫĲӰԽԽܿ˼˵ǰ
ƺԷûƵ£Ļɱ֮󣬷һƻĺУֱɱϡ
һκȻ󣬻һߴʮ׵ľˣһֱֻӽ˸ץС
ֱʱźͿֵܲſĿȻһۼף϶ۼ׸ǣһ˫ɭˡ
ȻӲƵĴ֣嶼ġ
ĸӿŻɾ˵ƣͷѣһ̣ǲǼʶʦı죬ûм˭ܱ˸ߴ
ǹ벻֮ɭĿҲη
ǿҵ˰ɣƷʵ
ﲢûлش
ԺңȻɱ㣬㲻ҵҲ⽫ֱĨɱ˵䣬Ҳɿ
˿𽥱Сƣûػһ˫޸۾ضơ
Ȼ˫һ棬ȥ
ܣЦһֱۺȻ죬һֱӾͽ˸ǰ
ҵģ˵䣬ֱ۵ĽɱҲԽԽǿ
ڷһҽУΪԼΪǽƵһΪȫڼ֮ŲƣѪ
Ͷĵ
ˣưһֱһΣͽӵ˸߿գʧȥӰ
ѽžһʦΪηǹܼҵļūΪǻԪľ۷壬ʹҵɱ
˭˵ҷȻģ
ֱ˼ӣ˲źȻ˵֮ϣһӣǡ
˵СֵƶɱŭֻҲ֤һ£ǲ֮ǰɱ
ȴо⣬ȻȻ粻𣬿Ƿ֮ƺҲɢˣûиĿܡ
ĺҪɣɲͬģֻǿ֮ĵõɣ̾һ
ͨˣ໹вģΪ˵겢ǲֻ̺ҲᱻգΪصһӡ
֮еһжɲֽͬءҲκβ˻粻𾳽ˣΪǲģΪǿ
ܼҼūֽ̧ӥ˹˵ţ֪ʲô֣
ûУӥһǻԪѱģһҲֻΪ߲ܵãӥһҲֻΪٵˣΪټͨѶ˵Ǻ۵ԼйأŻص
ȻˣҲѱֻӥʶɢٵԶһƬɽ
ǶʦϣƵٴ󣬻ɰ׾ˣ˳ֽĸͽܶץԼļϣ򽡲ɣɽȥ
ûй̫ãƾʹﵽĿĵأƬɽδ֮أޡ
Ʋûѡֱ֣һ޴ķӥѨ
˷ӥչʮףѨǲľһ޴ɽ֮С
ǿ壬ֱӾͽڶѨ֮еķӥӥȻҰʮ㣬ȴҲܸܵƵǿرǰ׸ߵ˵Ȼ
һﲻƵʶֱӾƿ˷ӥĴ֮ڣʶϢԺңұӻ㣬ҾĻǣ
˵֮£ӥҲֻϿˡ
½½һѱֻͬķӥʦͽÿһֻŵޱȼ
Ҫ֪ûʹǸѱӴķޡ
˷ӥ˵ٶҲͲͬնˣŸ·ʱطǡ
ǵ෢ַӥ֮޲𾪡


837 ܼҸ
ŵĴ£˾˹ܼҵĸۡϿգǹܼҵ˲£쳣ϲǹܼҼܷձȭ˵֪λϹټ٣
ܷ磬ѵҲʶ𣿡ŭһ
ţܷɫʱͱúȻܼ˷׷ɵۡ
ܣ㣡ܷ¡
ء
ֻӥ˹ܼҴԺ֮С
ܷ磬֪ûʲô뱾С˵˸ṳ̆ӥмϡ
ܷƬ֮ɫٵĸֳЦݣ֪Скιɣ
㣬ҹūڣЦ
ūܷѾ֪˹ūȻѾʧ֣治ɫЦСΪѯǶūǶūǰΪҹ棬ҸϳˣСʱƺǳŭǲǶū񣿴СֻҪǶūںδ˽ץأԽСУɴС㴦
Ц
Ҳܷһƻ
ŴｫǷӥõȡ˳Цܷ磬֪ǳԺ֣֮
˼ɵĽӸ˹ܷ硣
ܷһĻ˼η壬ͷĹУȴҲ۽ǵɨӹܼҵˣЩ˼ˣ׷׻⣬ȻϢĺˡ
Ƭ֮󣬹ܷŰͷƵЦݱЦǳϷ֣֮
վǳˣŭ
Ȼ㶼Ѿ֪ˣϷҲûʲôģ֪Ϊһ㣿ʵ㣬ĿľȡĸףǱҪҹܼƿأʶȤһЩǾȥ㸸ףǳ֮λһ㲻һҶɻ飬Ϊ̣øҪȻӦҲǳ
סڣʵȥˣЦһܷ磬ͷѵ㻹֪ڸʦ
תĿ⿴ơ
һֱվڷӥıϣһ˫ָĶŹܷ磬ſʱڿˣܷ磬ɱɣҿ˲
ŵʦû뵽Ŀ֮󣬱Ϊмֻӥ˲ˡ
ܷ籾˵ȥһ̣͸оɤӾȻˣϸһƵ־ȻץסԼĲӣΪǣƵֱ۾Ȼʮ׵ĳȡ
㣿ſ֪ɱˣܼҵ˵ȷ׷׺
мΪΪģУ׼Ƶֱ۾Ϳȥ

ĽƵֱ羫оڣȴֺ
ౡ
һʸƿ֣ʮ֧ʸͽӥϵ˸
ǻδȼʸмˣ˾ͷһӰʮ֧ʸȻֶ˹ȥ
ˡ
ҽܼҵЩͷżʸĻ޲ɵڵء
һа֮󣬹ܷŸо£Ŀ¶η塣
ɾʱ򣬴ӹܸĺԺȻ߳һˣҲ֪֮λǺˣܷһӣ˹ܷ磿
Ѱȥһ۵ˣؿ·һɫġܡ֡
ǡ
ֱ˹ܷĺŴϻȥܷԴ㱻ֱӻ顣
˼һĻɫʱͱǻĴ
λʵ
Ƹ֮ӣƷɣ˵˫ؽҧ
ǹƷɣƲķʵ
˰һƵӣƺӦ˵ԼҲԼӡ
Ʒ˵ǹƷҾû˵ˣƺĻص
ꡭ
źͿֵͬʱЦƺһ̣ǲŷԼʦĬģû˵ղżʲô
㣿ƷɲȻŭ˫ĸ¸ֱ죬ȴǿȥˣΪûаնԸƣŭЦúúáΪмΪ͸ţܵģƣ
𣿡һȴʮѹ
Ʒ̤ĽŲֹͣŤͷƣôѵҲɱȰ㻹Ǻúõ룬򣬼ʹӵĺǣҲӲ˳͢׷ɱ
°ͣȤĿŹƷɣ˵ǹܼڳ͢ﻹͦģ
ϻûϸ֮λƷɵɫʮĽмֳһһ˸ҹܼҾһܼڸǵ۶߹٣СӣֻҪҵĽ£ΪҵԿǿ
꣬ӣҲ۾ʦǺҲʦʦӦ㣡ʵȥˣŭ
Ʒ˫ɱһſϣû
ʲôΪƲϲŭķһ
Ԫ˾Ʒɽ³ĸ֡
ôϵǲǰɱ֮ͻΪ㱨𣿡Ƴ˼
ƷƺһЩչˣûƻе˼ЦǵȻٸˣҵȻɱ㣬Ҳض㣡
棿
棡
ô˵㻹ɱļֵҾͰɱ˰ɣ治ɫ̧һֱ֣˲죬Ʒץ˹ȥ
ƷɴһƵԴǲëԼŻ˰죬˼ҾȻһɱļֵ֪ǻ˵ë߰˵˼˵ɱԼ
ȴûԴУһ̧ӣһīĳ׼ֱ۾ʹ˹ȥ

ƵֱɣƵĴѲٶȣͿ˹Ʒɵͷ֮ϡ
ƷŵһУɫɷףһ㲻ɱңھҡ
ڣѵܼҲĳҲ̽·ͷͬʱץסƷɵҲû


838 һ
ƷɷԼĺľԼһȴûմմϲΪղŵΣĸܵģʮֵĿ϶ǰ˸ͲںԼݡ
˵ʵҲǣܰгһһ
Ʒ˿ĭ²鿴ڸûг֣ңеڿɲڵ۶ǸԪ˼ڡ
ܼҴֶ꣬żٱˣܱΪڵĿǷǳģһκһǵȷʵһڣֻ߳屲ǻԪ߾׵Ϊࡣ
ʻʱһΪŵڴԺ̤ݣĿдЩֹ䲻ѿһþλˣһλѣɱҲɱˣҲˣûҪϾɱɣ
˵ڣԪ˼ƵʶֱӾͽ˸
¹У֪Ǻηˣܷ󱲣
ƣ´ŶԷҿԲɱˣҪҴһ˻ûʸҶ֣
˵ţƾͽƷɸӵһԡ
ҹܼȷʵлԪ˾ǿߣֻϧұֻǻԪ߾С϶ӦòǸ¶֣ǣеǺ֪Ȥ׵ĸӦԼѾǿƾѹͲԼܶԿġ
Ԫ߾ҷŹܼҵˣǾһ
һֱҪսǿߣҪҵﵽ۷·һ֮ξѾӷӥһӰֱС
мˣ֪һǶ㲻ȥˣӲͷƤ˫ƺȻ̽ת˫Ƶɫٻɫɫʯһʯƣ
䡭
ǿֱӾ͵˳ȥʮ֮ǽϣǽڵˤڵأһɫѪҺӿһҧȻĶơ
ԸԼʹƣҲֿܵһȴһ֮£ˡ
˦˦ȭͷ̾һ̫
ܼҵЩ˼ˣ𾪵ױˣڿǻԪ߾ǿߣһлܹУǾ֤ǻԪ˾
Ԫ˾ǿǹܼһʷΪߵĴˡ
Ϊ۹еĴңܼһֱԼĽ͵ļҲѹܼһͷΪ˼лԪżǿߡ
ΪʲôʲôʱǿߵģΪ֮ߣΪǰû˵Ҳɻ󣬻
Ƭ̣еǰС϶Ѿ˵ԼĶ֣ǰѾ֤֪ܷŹܼң
ʵԷãŵǲǲԣҲһ仰뿪ǣʲộҾԲŹǹܼҵˣǲģҶǵͷϣͽߣ
Ϸӥӥչᣬ
ŵҲ׷׷գһ̣Ǵû˽ģܼҵĴ˭û˵رǿֵܣȻûɱУ裬ҲеĳʧӰˡ
Ϊ˭óԼʦûаѹܼҷ仰˵ܼҸûʸʦĵˣΪһ˵ͽܣȻҲˮǴߣ۽ҲѾŵĸӸԶ
ʼգһֱûг֣ȴ֪ܼҷ飬ͻȻãԼŮΪͽܵĸˣҲòԼһȻ֪и˵ĳѣԲûȥơ
Ժ֮Уͽħ̧ͷǽԶȥķӥ¶֮ɫ
ĸ˰ҪΪۣҲϣڸңָһҲһħ̾
Ԫżǿߣ඼Ƕ⼶ĴˣϣǹܼеӣǰЦ
ϸ磬ˣĸֶŮΪͽԺҲϣˣ
ɶϣϣģԺҾʵʵڷǺӣҲָʲôʱܻһأҿûҰѼзϣ
ϸ磬˵ܼҵ˻ѡ񣿡ħ
ô֪ǺɣϾܼҵʵҲǳǿȻûоżǿߣȴһЩżְɣǸǻʱ˵ֻϣǰܳסܼҵıɫ
ħüͷ˼Ƭ̵ϸ磬λǰһЩԾôߵΪȴ֪ôֱ澳磬֮ǰʱҿıƺм٣Ľų̣뵽⽵ٵĸ֡
գɫȻ˵λǰпͣ
пܣһûҵ羫ʯͨĻʯûУֻһֿܣǾ͵ΪıˣûΪ׹Ǹ࣬ûдħ¶
ѵǻԪ۵תһ
ħҡҡͷȴֲĵ˵ͷȴЦһǲҪˣֻҪͺãǵȲ裬ҲΪŵǣ
˵ͷͬؿ
ܸ
֮Уɫڼʸ̫ʦϣĿɨˡ
ڣѵǾôˣƷĿоǳޡ
ˣ۸ҹܼҵˣưոݣȥҹܼ㣿ҧҧһǾͷضƸҴѶ۶õ۶ڶһЩʹķ羫ʯҲԲƻȥ
ڣҪҪȰɱˣһ򾡣Ʒ̽
ֻϣҪɱҲֵֻ飬ûɱ֮ǰʱҪԸȥйܼҵˣʱ뿪ǣ
˳Ĭ
Ʒ˵֮ȴ̤ȥ


839 
ƳӥٶҪϰٱҲûٵ飬ֱӷ˻ʵ۶
һ·֮ϣҲԼڸ˼ͽܡ
·;Ҳеô˳
һգŵƣȻӭһȺޣ̫ŷɫƬֲ˹צǧ׵ľ޴˫չתһѣٴԶжһȻϰ
ڻ֮磬ƿûмģȻΪӶҲ
ǻ֮ǧӴѹƽµķӥٻ㼱ٵ滬С
ĸӽµķӥҲˣرǿֵܣΪϵͣѾ޷ȣһͷա
ʦңֵͬʱһ
Ƽˣæ˫ӳ׹ֵܾ͸ץУһӥ޷ˡ
֮£ƵȻƽ˽ɡ״һţסţĸͽ׹˵档
Ǹһأʹǵͷɶûпһۡ
ȴϿη֮ɫ·һ㡣
ɣʲôܺаɫȻİһ
ౡһƺӻմ
ƶһۣӶʱ͵ɵԲɫҲô
ûΣȿһƬ޴Ӱɫƣ߼ٻ
˲ܿһֻӥչ˫˽ʮ׵գ˵׼ȷһЩǴ
ͬӥߵһ޴ĴȻ׷ϰͷƬ֮䣬Ѿ׷Ⱥ칳һצץסһסɻҲ롣
ӥû׷ɱʳһ֮ȶ򣬱Ȼ뿪ˡ
ȻĿȥĴá
ɶ̹еʥޣǿԴﵽ񼶱Ĵڣûи֮ǾȻҲֶ
Ų֮绯Ų񣬿Ը֮ң֮ȴУ򣬱ȻᱻӴ;޴ĿռѹƶɱͬԼһټҲֻСʹˣҲ޷С
᲻з˺䣿ɽ磬Ĵʥ޵ݶĺܸߣ֮УûкһЩϵưһʶȴ̽İ
ĸ磬ѵķйߣưһ֮ɫȻһϲ˫һĸͽܶգ˫ȴ֮Ƭ޴ᣬҲ֮󣬱һž޴ķˡ
Ȼû֮ʹãȻ̫ϧˡ
׷׷ȸ߼֣һսʵ̫ϧˣ
գǾȥ׷ѹ൱ģرǴٶȣҲұ⣬˵˶һ
βŰƾͼ˹ȥ·һǳصϿ֮ʱĸͽܸӵˣִڵһЩɻʯˣʱڳҸŵúƾͼ׷ȥ
ȻǴһ·֮ϣò־ʧ룬Ⱥ·֮أҰ޷أֲ壬õ͵
һϰһ޴ɽ֮󣬰ֹͣ׷׷ɽͷţҲ۵Ĳᡣ
СΣһ㣬Ҳĵɽϣڰһ࣬ʶڹע
ҲСЩһ峤Ƚǧ׵ȸӦƵʶͭ۶ʱͶסķ

һ˻Ŀз
վֱΣ䱸Ķָķ
ƼͬʱŷʹƽˣһֱɳʮŽסΡ
ţлǣƽ̤ɽΣͬʱҲʶ
ࣿˣɫҲȻǶಢûʲôøУͬʱһŭ

γɾ޴ƶķ飬궼
ģϻǰҵɲèΪûпǴô۸ǵģƴŭһţһΣƬ֮䣬ʹﵽʮ׵ֱӴ壬ʱðή
ǣܿͷ·𿴵ʲôһٴαǣ˫צһץɽ˫չڿն𣬾Ȼ˹
ٵ֮ϣһͷ·תϵĶ򣬼ٵתɽǰգշѹȥ
׷ɣһţײ֮ϡ
䡭
˵ײܴ󣬿𵽵ȴ󣬸޷ֹת
ңСƣڼﵽ·ʱڸת֮£Ȼͺݺݵ˹ȥ
ȺԭΪǲշѹԼģ벻Ȼܱһ񣬱Ǻһ
գ֮䣬ͱ޴ײһ룬һΪĽԶҲӶˡ
ɽͷСƻɱٴδʶǻ򣿡
еľգֹͣ˹Ŀ¶η塣
ʲô֣վǿΪ
˭ͷģǵҷҲѧϰǴȫɱٴοŵ
ȺƺΪƵвŭٴηŭֻȻûʲô
ƵãҲûǸǰ죬Ҵ󲿷ĿⶼڿŰɽ
ѰĿ⿴ȥȷĻζվƴʶҪҵң


840 Ӷ
ƴһȺУĴаף˷˸ɫĹ⻪˵Ӵȷʵܸһѹ
ֻȴûиܵѹղһײѾȺ֪
㣬ʲôΪ
Ԫ˾
ֻѵǻԪžƷʡ
ǻԪž۷壡ص
ֲãưͷԼǻԪžڣǻԪž۷ȻǲһЩٴʵǿ֪ûͻƻԪžģ
Уص
У𾪡
󲿷ֶѾ뿪Դλǿ뿪֮ͻƻԪžֶ½뿪ˣ˵ȥ磡
ǾˣѵͻƵĶҪ뿪𣿡ƷʵͬʱҲ뵽˷
ǣȥ㣬ҲԲ뿪Ƭ½ֻǵΪĸˣ˭Ը⵽濴
Ƭ½ϣڿɻлԪžϵǿߣٴηʡ
ΪߵҲż۷壬ʱû˵ͻƻԪžģ
΢΢ͷڿն˫ۻɳ򣬵лл죡
ֱʧȺŷ׷ڿն뿪Ƭɽ
ͽڵĳǳأƻɺȸͽڵùԺ֮С
ʦˣԺţֳεƣæӭȥ
Ƶ˵ͷʰʰ뿪

ʮ֮ʦͽһǳأҲĵ۶Ԫǡ
ʮĸӵΪѾǴﵽ˻ԪľֵҲﵽ˻Ԫ
̤ǳأһЩǷãŵ۶ΰ
Բǧĳǳأ˿ڽӽһڣڲȺɽɽɫӦоУɽֵϺõʯ
Ҳǳȫ̹еĴǳû̫
ʦ쿴һȻԼߣһָһҵƤСͬ˫ȣŽýĲڽֵ֮ϡ
Ҳǳĺ棬ֵܸǵɴ˫
УһЩ˿ʦͽ˾Ȼ˾ȣľ³֡
ŶʱüͷȴҲ֪۶ܸʦ鷳ֻ
Уʲô˲ģʦǱ仯һ֤ǰӵɳֵܿǶƵı仯֮Ϊġ
ˣһŵĵص㣬һµ۶ƿ˵
ʵһ̤۶Ϊ͸ܵ˲ǿϢһЩǴһƴ٣ҲдһŪãһ¾ͺȥˡ
һùݵļ۸ҲֱĻʯɶʹԼڵĻɵģҲ൱ڸԼ⡣
ͨùݵĵһ춼ҪٿŻʯʦͽһҪٻʯ޷ܵġ
ȥһµ۶ۣΪһķӶҪŻʯһЩĶʮϰ
ʦǲûǮˣżֻǴԼڴй䣬̽ʵ
ûʲôŪʯƺܻʵ
ֱֵͷƤҡҡͷ
ҲŬŬ죺֪ʦûлʯҾʹӼһЩˣ
ʯһЩڵĻɵģĻУ̫ĻҵΪҲһӰ죡
ѽʦ֮ǰõĻʯѵǴŪģȻѽܡ
ʦұ൱һʯʲôֵģЦЦĿȴǰ·ϵļˡ
⼸һۿȥ͸һʢ˵ĸоͬɫ멣ǰž֣ǰ˸һд֣ü֮Ӣʮ㣬ݡ
һŸˣŮУͣƺ
һ·ȣǰ֮Զ˱ԣͲ赲ǵĲ
ЩѵӶŵģִӶšŵĿҲǼˣ˵
ӶţɻͬʱҲ⼸ʮ֪顣
ᣬӶǽڳ͢ĳ鲼ĳǳأҲ˵Ӷ᱾ǻƣһԣֻҪΣͳεһ飬ͨӶ쵽
ʦҪҲ齨һӵŰɣǵųǲлʯ𣿡ЦЦ
һð취ǸȥƵ˵ͷ
ڼҲûʶ̽˵
ų˵һηӶջСõ˲ٻ羫ʯһ¹һµĹ˵
ǰ¹ˬһЦˣջҲС𣿡
ǵȻٽһǾͿΪ߼ӶˣǰһҲһǿ٣
û˵һλʼӶŵջôŮһͷߵŮʵ
ʼӶջ϶޷ģӵĴƺһŮӣ˵ҪȢŮΪأչӻص
Ŷ֪ʲôŮӾȻôôģ˶
ҲŮӱ֮󣬾һֱסڻʹҲʼӶŵ۵ģǼ٣дʵ
ѵ˭ҵС㶼𣿡
ųҡҡͷֻ˵ǴӳȥѰʱ򣬴Ȼģʲôݣʱ˵֪

һᣬоȤҲû͵ˣʶβżǰ
ԼʱһΪ۶Ӷǰ
νᣬȻǸݹҪһΪһżȼԽͣԽɣܵõĻʯԽ٣֮Ȼ
ʶӶὨʮΰһʮʯͷռǧĶͷ·һͰԲʯͷɽԺ֮ڣﲻ
Ĵ֮У̧ͷɫɫˣѰұȻһҵĽŲ߿߿Сӣ𵲵
˵䣬ֱֻҲѾǰĿֵܶƵһԡ


841 
Ƹһͷһֻ־Ѿļϣʹ㽫ҲƵһԡ
üһŭͷ˫棬һδ˫ֱԷ
һȺʮҵӶţͬɫ멣ǰŷ֣ǰһд֣·ӡ·ϵģ˸ɫĹ⻪˵һͷ󺺣Ŀʮ׶Ҫһ˵ĿˣȻз
Ӷţưһ
ԷȻûƿƣһ㶣ջ´һƣƺߵļֻǴͨѣһӶǣ̶СӣʲôС۾𵲴үǵĵ
˵䣬̧ƣƵš
ƿ̧һ֣˲ץס˶ԷĴĴָһ󺺱һʹУ·ܿһ㣬Ƶǰ
ŭһ̧һȭƵȲ˹ȥ
Ȳ΢΢һһ죬󺺵ȭͷ𿪣̶˳ȥ
ӶǼһĻ׷׾£˭뵽õķӶŸųȻӶ˱
СӣҷӶŵˣѾ˳ơ
ס֣һٺȣըףŴӴڲ߳һɫ۵ߣһ˫ӥĿޱȣɨһˣŵѵǲ֪Ӷﲻ𣿡
Ӷ˼ˣһЩǱƵڵصĹͷҲѾߺ޵Ķƣߵ᳤ɲȶֵģСȶң
ŶӶŵųʲôʱôˣ߳һ
ӶŵȻﲻȴҲߵǰҰ׷뿪Ƭ
߿˿ƣͬҲעߣĿԣʵʵĵײһ㡣
䣡
ߺȻֻоһ죬̶ĿƣһĲ˼顣
ǣѾû˸ղŵƣƵǰ΢΢Ľֱ
һЦҴעһӶţ֪ðЩ
գϸЦ⣬ͷ˵С࣬ΪλѰһ£úдɵעþˣ
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лˣƵͷЦƣʱ䶨ģ
һһԥһ£ǵݳһϺɫƣҵ֮Уƾʱ¥ң
ƽӹƣһĻһ˿޵ĻӦϺõĻ羫ʯ죬ϢУ߹˹֣ŽСŮ뿪ˡ
Ƶ˵ıӰȴüͷ֮ɫһ䣬ææ뿪˴ΪȻ뵽һȼ˼ƺҪɱһˣǸ־ȻҲƣòƺҲмơ

עӶҲܼ򵥣ҪԱһٿŻʯͿˣȻƼֻǸո𲽣һ㲻ϣҲûӶ·Ҫ·Ļÿ˻ҪٽһٻʯˣȼԽߵ·۸Խߡ
һӶţԱʱΪˣԺԼ
עĵ죬ƾͽһ򵥵ɱʮﴦһǵĹ٣Եõһ֡
ν֣Ӷȼݣﵽʮֵʱ򣬲һӶţһٻǶԴƣÿһεȼҪʮһĻ֣һڻ֣ܳΪżӶˡ
һԣֺͻʯԵģΪһǾһŻʯΪԵǣӶţԽֻܴһ֣ȥ
ţȴƵĶ˵ʦղǷӶŵƺڸǣ
һĸһȥɣҾӶĴԺţҵʶǿ֮һµ񣡡
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ȴͣӶԺУŤͷŲԶļӶŵӶ
ǼڿƷԼ֮Ҳ׷üͷæĿ⿴
ԺĵĴ˼ʱĸͽܷ׷׵Ѿɣȡһʯ
Ⲣ⣬ֽһŻֵɱ֮еһֻҰͬûȥĸͽַ뿪ˡ
ԺѶȸˣȽԶ֮󣬻ҪǼֻӥưһĿҲ˹Ĵſڡ
ӶŵѾ׷׳ǼƵĶԱƬ̣ĿͶƵϡ
ͷĹͷ󺺵Ĵ£̤˽ǰһղ˱ˣΪ㣬뵱ͷڹ꣬ǾԶĲҪӶԺţӾԻһȭɱ㣡
棿΢Ц
󺺼Ʋ£żֳ˫ȭСӣûеӳȥ
󺺹չָ̤Ժȥ
Ժʮ׵ĵطƻ󺺣һأһһ
ųɱţһϹЦݣơ
ͷʵƻһЩ˼ɵģһԸ£Ҳûзԣ˵ͷСĵ㣬Сӣ
ӵ˵ͷ˫һ棬׶ߣ׵ľ룬Ѿ߳һš
ƾͷִ˵˫ƺҲӳǽ˲ǰֱš
治ɫֻ̧ȭͷ׼˵Ľŵףһȭ
ء
ԷֱӾ͵˳ȥһжûܹ
˼ˣ׷ŭһۣȴѾû˸ղŵӡ
ʱȴۼ˲ˣ֮ǰ͵̸ľӶŵľŸҲԶ˹


842 
ӶŵĸųһȭΧߴ󺧣֮ǰΪλͷų⣬ڿԿ
һƱ֪ΪɶǳԪǻԪ߾ĸ֡
㣿ͷ֮˫ְأһֵֻϧһȴѾľʹ
㻹򣿡һ
ŭʱͷȻһЦԭǸ֣ʧʧųɲĶ֣ҷӶſǻһųģţпǷӶŵפأųһúõдģ
һһȻ֪Էפأɵ˵ͷ
ͷЦ˲Ӷһ֣ߣ
ˣҲ׼طӶԺС
ʱǼӶŵȴ̤ӭƣΪҲλչӣЦ¾Ӷųնմ
⼸ˣѾϤȻȻ߶ԷЦƣ
֣ն΢΢üͷ
ߵһŮȴЦֵ֪ǷĳӶţ
¸ոעԼӶţųͽ񣡡ƺǳʵĻصĿҲ´Ůӣͷһװˣ뵱ư񣬼ѩʵĴ£ȴܿľ߹ģİ޳֮£ȴֲʧ𱬵Ұԡ
Ůգɫ΢ʧȴɴЦݣֵܣ֪ʲôΪǷӶŵ˸࣬һ취鷳ģǵųǻԪ߾۷ǿߣ
ԴмĿŶԷ˵ͷллѣΪӦ㹻Աˣʱ䣬һԼȥŰݷõģ
ƺη壬ųնѾ˼ֿ϶Цֵܣ»һЩ飬Ҹǣʱڳģ
ƵͷӦǣ˫ǡ

ֱӶŵҲӶĴ֮󣬸ղ˵ŮӲſʵųΪȻأ
ӯҺȻһǧʯİ˼ǴɱһˣǸ˵־ͽƣһ޶նһ
ŶӶŵͬʱһ
ųǸոսΪ߼ӶţӦûûʸ񿴵˼ɣΪοԿһӶʵ
Ҳģ˵ǻԪ˾ǿߣǷӶϵòôģҲ̫ˣն˵
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˼񰡣ʲôʱһʾͷˣ
˵ɫһ̤ȥ

ڵȵͽܹ֮ٴν񣬵õʮŻԪʯӶҲǵõӶŹϿɣΪһӶţֻȴûҪ·һֻǿʼҲΪǼûõ·˷Ѽٿʯ
£ĸͽȥɣҲɹĽӶŵĵȼļпƵʶɸߵȼѾĸܰ쵽ˡ
ʱǵҲѾһŻʯҲ㹻ڵ۶֮ˡ
⼸ҲһûгӶԺʱʱľܸӦʹʶ̽ԼЩӦǳں棬Ծûᡣ
ֻǽմĸڴ֮ϵʱмɲʶԼͲò𾯾ˡ
һ˵ùݣƽĸӰź֮һ뿪˻ʳǡ
ȻǼʶ֣һֱβ档
ѵǷӶŵˣԷʶƺֲ񣬿ңӶֻһԪ߾۷壬ȴǺü˭ҶҪǵҪʲô
ͬʱƵٶҲԽԽ졣
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һǴ߳һǴӾʯһȻǴӵص
½֣Ҳ໥Ŀ˶ԷһۣĿв˿ı顣
һŶԷϺɫ멣ιʵʵͷ϶źɫ֣ӶӶ·ֻɫͬͶһְˣǰһ֣ʲôȼҲö֪ȴ֪ǶΪսӶһӶš
λӦù۲Ҳ˰ɣָҳǣǺ⣿ʵ
ô˵֪ڹעˣƺһŮӣҲпҵһλ
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λһοҪ˭бˣǧʯҿǲõģŮ˵
˼ȻԷڹעΪ϶ҲͣҵǾֽɱ֮󣬻ʯͻƽ֣Σеһ˵
ƽֲƽ֣̽һ˵һ˵ͬʱξͻһӰ֮γһ˲ʹﵽƵǰ
ֻоһɳǿɱӭʶ֮£ֶԷлһѶ䵶ֱԼ۽ǡ
ÿ죡ưһ˲ѹͣ˫ֻѳ׼ߵ߾ʹ˹ȥ
һ
䵶ƵͷƵ˫ֽȴҲֻǼ˶ԷĲӰ
Ƶʶ׽ԷʱֻоȻһ󼲷֪ԷһѾٴεˡ
һûٶ㣬ǾĻԪɵ˲ʯ

һȻƵĺ󾱣ȴûнƵͷ­նңԷҪյҲѾˣƵȴһ㣬˫һٰʮֱӺ

ȭһȭ˶ԷСԷֱӾ͵˳ȥȴ֮ʧһƬʯ֮󣬾ϢҲޡ
ϢƶСƵϢ֮Աǡ


843 ׽һ
׼׷ƣȴ˵ĹҲѾˣһһһȴǸС࣬һ㣬ϢľƵǰƵʺСƵͷ
ŭˣκȻǡ

죬СɣƵ˫ȴӵĹ٣˲䷱֦ܳ⣬Ķͻ˹ȥ
˼ˣɫ󾪣һ㣬μٶͬʱҲڷɿˡ
ء
Щ֦ȫգеĻľеûصףƬСһƬǽ塣
ǧȻãΪû𣿡ŮӵξȻҲһ䣬Ȼһɫ˿ɿΧתһȦ̶һͷû֮С
Ƭ֮䣬˿ͽƸȫ
ͬʱʹĺ˽еĴȻ֣Ƶͷ­˹ȥ
ţһе䵶ҲɢӰǵأƾ͸׵֡
ߣҶ£ѵƷԪ˾һƺη壬ٴֻ֫һ޴塣

ײϣǵӰشı޷˺ư㣬˿ȴƷѷ죬̶Ȼ顣
˿Ƭ裬ƼֻŮӵΣҲͬʱ֡
ʱԵһֱ׵ľ޴壬ֻ棬·һž޴ĻʯͷɫĹ⻪
ôܣѵǻԪžǿߣ˵ӴͣѾޱˡ
Ǿżǣô֤͵ĹƭˣɱһԪžǿ߿ɲֻǧʯǳżҲһڵĻʯҲǾżһڻ֣ǧ֡
ӦûǾż˻˻ʯɫֻɫϺɫңʹǾżΣ˼Ҳ㹻ɱˣҪ֪һżǿߣȫɶǱʹĺ˷ɭ
ô죿ŮƺһЩ
ܲɱţʱҪô࣬ӶĴ𰸵ģʹĺһ֮Ҳڼ󣬴ﵽǧ׵ĸ߶֮еĴҲѾٹͷ׼˹ȥ
Ӷ᣿ѵӶԼ鷳ˣյģҲ֪˭ôǮȻǧ򣿡˼˵ĶԻ֮Ҳ˴š
Щ죬ӶҲһ˽⣬Ǳгվ˽ֵģһ겻ɣͻһֱӶ棬ǹ
ҪǵҲ˭ǹһŹ㣡һͬʱҲгֻ֣ͽǾ޴ץסˡ
ǺŮӺʹĺȴҲʱٴ˹ˡ
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ƬѾΪƽأŮеҲ֮ϣɫâȻƿƵֱڲ
䡭ˣ
һĴˣ˺֮£֮ǰҪϣһʹñκһѱȿ츫
ֻǣҪ˵ƵĸҲѴﵽƱŭ֮£岻С˲ʮ׵ֱ·һΡĴɽʹڰ֮ĻʳǶܿ
䣡
죬ͬʱ޴ײɣ룬Ȼתշѹ˹ȥ
ҪշѹˣҲؽǡ
˴ĸǣҲܣֻƴ롣
ʱһ㼫ӻʳǴһײƵ֮ϡ
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ЩƬȴֿϣȴѾپȱߵˣʳǷ롣
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Ϊ֮£൱ɣĹΪףӦҲˣԭֻΪԱޱȣҵĹƺȫ෴ȻҲܻɳʵ̫ˣ̷ڤ
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ڹļƵʱҲѾͽһֽ֮һ
Ѿӵǧ֮ڿţΪÿһ΢һ㣬Ƶʶ׼ܿһЩ輫Ϊŭ
һֱһ֮ƵӶѾﵽ߼ӶŵļҲѾһٶʯֹ֮ͣ˼Ĵ㡣
Ͼ˶ҪϢģǮƣҲͲҪǰǰƴˡ
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һԼһĶӣķӶ㣬ʯľṹǵ񻨡ܸΪ׳ֻֻۣס˵ĻһЩ˷ˣҲû
ʦסмݣλʦסǰԺסԺô̤ʯذ壬Ц
ֵҲΪ˷ܣԼԼ֪Ҫǰ˵ڵ۶ôһ׺լԺ۶ܡ
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ﲮͺطɶһֻۣط˵ǶԸǸƣҲԲµŮӣȴܶԸļͽܣ⼸ǾȥͣʹɱǣҲ鷳ϣԶڣ
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ƵĻŲĪĸж˵ͷƵ֣๫Ǵӿ϶鷳ģ
ҲǾżΪɣ۶ˣԻʼҿ˽⣿жٸ֣ƽʵ
Ѿмˣʼҵʵɲ⣬ż۷ǿ߶Уֻϧȴ֪ж٣ʼҵ飬Ҳ˽ģҿǲ뿪ɣ
뿪ΣΣաڻʶȴһʼӦûעɣ϶ĶԸǣֻҪΪָŮҲѾɳˣһ˶Ǿżκһģ
Ų˵ͷĬ
ɯ˵ǴȻܻҿûٴ͵Զأ
Ŷô͵ԵģƸѾԼɯͷ
Ȼǽ׵òƭȡӵĻ羫ʯ׳Ե֮󣬶͵ˣģҲųԵģɲ˵۸ףɯƤЦЦ
ɯߵǲѾﵽżˣʵ
ǰɣҵĻͿľżˣֻҲֻǰ˼۷壬ҪĻʯܴﵽ
ţһʱ͸ŵúõȥմﵽżɯƴҪòָܻƷʵ
ʧǻʯָܻģҪдĻ羫ʯ羫ʯлʹڻʼң羫ʯҲܴյģǸѵõɣ
΢΢ͷ˿һֱԼš
ƿԼѾ³ƵĿģǰȥ˵ʦҪõ羫ʯǺѣ۶ждĻ羫ʯңֻҪ㹻ĻʯҲг϶һ羫ʯﻹһŻ羫ʯʦʦţ
˵䣬͵ݸһŻʯֻȭͷС񣬰͸ʮӨĹߣɴ˱ܿһŻʯӵʮСӿռ䣬۸Ȼơ
һЩȣһŻ羫ʯǼֵһڵĻʯ࣬ǽӵżӶ񣬷óŲ˼ˣɴ˱ܿⶨȻȫҵˡ
ӹʯָмĿһ裺ллˣ
ȻһЦʦú͵ô
Ʋ˵ʯݸɯɯֱͬʾл֮󣬱㽫ʯĻ羫ʯȫڡ
ڻɯҲ̫˲գڻصƵլԺ֮ɯ;ˣһ羫ʯѾ㹻ɯָԪ߲ľˡ
ԭΪƵΪ൱ģѾﵽ˻ԪżԣָΪҪΪ׶ֻ࣬ҪгĻ羫ʯͿԿٵ
Ҫл羫˾ͺˣһŻ羫ˣӦþ㹻ɯָΪˣưһȻҲ֪羫Ǻѵãһֻ˾żŻڲһŻ羫ˣʹͣΪ׹֮ȼգֻʣ»羫ˣȴҲӵԼĶʶȻˡ
ֶǿģڸɺ֮£羫֮еĻд棬ȴû˶ʶС
ҪȥɯҪĻʯӶѾ߼ˣֻҪﵽ˼˼еĻʯܳ
ư֮󣬽ӶɯߣƤЦĿˡ
˵ʶʶʦ裡
Ϳ裬ֻǿƣȴʹǸͲҽӽƵһ֮жһϲǿĸ־ȻԼʦãԼҲйʡ
ܿǾȻΪյͽһһţ裬ΪҪߵĶ࣬λʦ֣ȴΪͣȻһЩ
Ҳ̫ѹֻҪúΪ϶ȥģĸڼޣһϵȵĻʯ裬Ҫһ񣬲ңһὫְҵӶ£
ʦҼӶŵĻҲܽҵĻתӶĻӶžֱӽΪ˼Ӷˣ
Ŷãٶ͵ȼˣɯڼףǣ
ҵȻҲһȥ׬ڲкܴĿռ𣿲㽫ҲսȥɣͲõˣ
һ룬ҲǣȻҪıɯԵеʱҲһЩţƾԼżΪһİ˼Ӧòʲôѣ˵һԸˡ
üͽܵȺŲʵķ䣬һţͽŲʸ˸С
ȻһţֻĻ򣬿ǻ棬ͻűĿռ䣬̵ŮҲ
УЩżǲҲһ޶Ŀռ䣬Ʋö֪ȴ֪貢ûһĿռ䣬ҲͲҪʯˡ
ԺУһֵֽ֣Ҳˡ
һĻɻ󣺡ʦΪûп㶯ýʯʯҲȥ𣿡
貢֪ƵڰĿռ䡣
ȻʵˣҲͬʳɻ󣺡裬ڿԴռ䣿
Դռ䣿ɻ


849 ٽ
֮ǰҲɯǴĸΪĸӵпռ䣬ʲôʯһţΪߵͣһڶӵпռģռĴСݸ˵Ϊ
ģʦ˵ӵмĿռ𣿡Ȼ
㼤ģӦû֪ǵԽ԰ɣɯЦЦ
ˣ˵˵
֪ĶǴӴӿе֪ģ˵ЩǿߣԭڶǿĿռ䣬֮󣬾ͻᱻѹˣҪ֮ǰһλһأʹҲֻʣСĿռˣװʲôأ
ŶϿɵĵ˵ͷȻûйע飬ȴҲ뵽еͺñӴǳռһﱻһͬҲܵ˼ѹȣڿռͬСˡ
ֻȴȽףʹûûַԪأΪϵλ׹֮ɿڵĻ羫￪ٳµǳ棬ȻѶҪһЩȴҲ֮Щٵλöࡣ
Խ⣬ԽľԼ̹ѧϰЩҪԣЩרҵ˵ǻϲ㽨
ƵĸúãȻҲͱﵽĸ߶ȸߡ
һͻ޷ļޣǽôһ棬罫ĺεȵĳ̶ȡ
ѵǻԪյĿ𣿡찵һ
ˣҲóˣƴɯһ̤ͬ˷ţӶȥ
·Ҳ˼һйԼͣԾûеʲôˣеĻҲֻһܼҡ
ԽԽĿ϶Աʵ裬֪ܼң
ܼңһ˸֮һڳΪ٣Ϊǰ˼ܼ൱Ҳļ壬ʦ£ɻ
ǺǣԹܼһ˽𣿡
ֻǹܼңҶټҶһ˽⣬ⶼǶһ˽۳ģ
ΪټңƷʡ
ʦѵû˵ټգԪ۴𣬴һ˸ϣҲǺǿеİټգ
Ŷƻû˵
ԼңǮ֣¸ƽʩšϻκֻܼܽʮһλǿǰİ˴壬иоż۷ĴڣǮĴڶ⼶ģż۷Ҳ࣡
ż۷壿ҲС̾˻Ԫ֮λûͻƾż
ҾͲ֪ˣӦûаɣҪеĻͳһˣ
Ƶ˵ͷĴ𰸲ûгԤϣ˺ܿӶᡣ
ǰ㷱æֻ̫ۣһոճһµӶţܴﵽ߼⼸ʷġ
Ƹһ̤룬ӭһŮ˵ųλ𣿡
Ƶ˵ͷٰҽһ£ǼҵӶţ
ŮĿɯϣ֮ɫһ㣿
ôҾͲ𣿰ҵĻҲһͬתӶ֮У
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ĺ˳ӶΪļ룬ֱӾͽΪ˰˼Ӷ֮Уֻһʹﵽ˾żӶţҲ˼顣
Ҳ֪轫ԼĻתӶ֮Լ͵ڰˣκλ֣Ҳܰ˼ӶĴ
ΪսӶﵽ˼ĻʹÿҲܴӶõһǧŻ羫ʯȴе
Щ֮ƾͽһ˼ɱ̫ƽǵĳǰ˼ڵΪֻصȽԶֱ߷еľҲҪʮգһͱҪ뿪۶ˡ
˸ո̤ӶᣬоѾ˽Ϣ˳ȥ
˻ʹռطԲҲ۶λãһƽ˵ɽϣһƬϽɫĽǰǰһʮԺ䣬ǽƺûʯɣҲϺõĻʯ̵棬Ժƣ
һĴУǰվһλߡ
ʱ˵ӣѾ뿪˵۶һ˼Ҫɱ̫ƽǳ˼Ϊ
аԶ̫ƽǣӺһɢĲˮһ
ӷģһɳλ˼۷塢λżڡһλżڣὫɱ߿˵
Ųʣüʵ
˵Ҳ֣Ųʲûкһ𣬿ȴҲƵļУǰ̽һκεټ
ţֱΣѾࣺѵ˴һʼҵʧɣ
ߵһˡȷʵˣ
˵ɱƣץģ
ӣҪ׽²ףǶż۷ǿ֣߳ѵҪڣ
ɫ˱䣺ܾǣ߲ǻǸŮɯץסҲʳŲʵ䣬ǻҲνˣ
ӷģ߹һ֮󣬻˳

ܸԺһ׷ԲԵִߣ΢ЦŰߺ룬ֻĿȴżվǰһһˡ
Ļ϶ϳҲǸĹк͹Ʒɡ
ζЦͬϵĹпʵ
ƽһ˼񣬲Ѿ뿪˵۶Ҫǣ˴ӣҲԣһڻʯҲòˣȻȥ
Ʒɫһϲǲ֪ôȻҵӣԼ
ִһȴһ֪ô˻㣬Ϊҵĺ󱲣ҾͲɱ㣬һ֮ǰȴ˼ǲܵģһҿдӣҪȻҹܼҼʹƣҲҪһƤ


850 շ
Ʒ˫һæڽѵǣ
ɣԺСĽһˣǵ۶ˣȥ̫ƽǣע̫ƽǵ飬мǣɲִ£
ǣڣй˵

ͬʱͬƵĺңҲٿͬĻ飬ڵǾżǿ֮󣬻Ѿ濹Ĵ㣬ͬҲɳ尵ڣǰ̫ƽǹעһٵĴս
˳֮󣬾֮ǰѱķӥ̤ϣÿ˳һֻٶ̫ƽǷȥ
ѱɲһģҪӥһԼϵʹҲ޷ѱǡ
ʮʱ䣬գ۶ûкҹ֣֮ȴ԰ʱ
̫ƽʮĵط·ӥʹ򷢷ӥǲɽ֮Уͽ̫ƽȥ
̫ƽһ˸֮һѾͳ̫ƽ֮ˡ
ۺʵϣҪܼңΪټտǰļ壬ҲǵĽҲҵˡ
֮һù֮ƾͷųʶԪ˾Ϣһһмƺ׵ľֱܷǸǽ档
ʱĽ棬鷿ԼģȻ䣬ǽɫзϵķ˿͵էţٴһ㡣
ͻȻı䶯Ҳߵһ棬ôˣ
δΪʱʶһʶԻǺˣ
ôţɱˣʹҲɱ㣬Ҳɱ㣡ԵӶȥ鿴һ£˼ǧʯƵʶѶ
ĬƬ̣ص£ôаɱң
ûаҾͲˣɱͬɱһ㣬ԸĻҿһ٣
Һ֪㵽˭ܽ񣬲ҸҶ˵ˣΪҲǾżԲգ
Ҳ޷ҽƣעһӶţӦû˵ңȷʵǾż
ƣ˼ãҲû˿ӡ󣬻صҪҶһ٣
ֻҪԺҲû˿㣬ʹòʬ壬ҵ͵һ룬ҲܴӶõǧٻʯ˵Ѿ㹻ˣ
ҪҴӴԺӣ뵽ƵĴ㡣
ҲӣӵĻҲգҿɲΪԺĳһͻȻ֣Ӷĸ߶Ҹṩһӵĵطûҵ㲻ó
ǴǰɣΪһӦ𣿡𷢺ȻЦ
һӦ̫֮ƽǱȻ֣ʱҿ϶ҪܣĽҲҪ˵ӦңҿΪһṩһ㹻Ĳ֮أڱҪʱ򣬻ǳ
ٴγĬƵĻȴֲȷǷƭԼ
ԼĽޣٴδܷҼһ棿
Ȼԣһ㵽ƴ󣬴ɯ뿪ùݣȥ
ʱ䲢ûйȥ̫ãһ˽ӭ˽ȥ
ǽ鷿򸾶˾Ŀ¶ɱĶˡ
ȴɫɣЦôѵվţ
³֣ܿͽüͷΪоֻ˵ƣߵˣ޷ʶ̽һ
Ҳ̽һԪ˼ΪֻȽһЩ˷򸾶ˣͨ԰˼۷ǿߣ򸾶Ҳ˿η塣
ǾżͲͬ˼;ż֮䣬һԽĺ蹵򸾶ţҲΪԼԴƣڳеЩսֹһżǿߵĴɱˡ
£ɯȴûƵޱĿŽ档
˵ﻰɣϣǷ򸾶ͶңҲԸ̸Խͷԣ벻Ǻ㣬ֻҪǴӦҾͿ԰ǳȥǸˣ
Ŷеɱȫޣȡ֮һ˿档
֪Ϊοҷ򸾶ˣӿʵ
ֻ˵ɰɣҿԸһյ˼ʱ䣬벻ɣԼ¶ۣ˵գеĿαϣЦЦĶŽ򸾶ˡ
򸾶һۣƺ¶ʲôģܷǷ򸾶֤һʵ
ʦҾУڵ֪ڿӵпռ֮͸Ӽڱˣ̤һλһӰֱƽ򸾶ˡ
ɫһҲ벻ٶȻ˿죬׷̧˫֣ƴһΡ
䣡
һƱ˶ˣһˣѾһֵĶԵơ
ߣ˽䣬ȴ֫ŵأͷ裬ꡣ
ߺϻ֮ˣƶʱֱΣɫдżֵľȣ˫һ棬ֻ˫źȻñƽһɫɢٵĽһ㡣
ǽһɢȥ·˾͵е˶ˡ
ǽȻע⵽һ仯ȴû뵽ԼѾ·ˡ
΢һ㶣˫һ̤棬οӳһɫ˿ɷΧŽ򸾶˿ٵתƬ֮䣬ͽ˸
ǽȴû䣬飬һһƥ֮жȻżҲնƥΪԼȡĿռ䡣
һʱ򣬽ͷһҽУһƥѾһ˽ӵʺҽľסˣֻҪ΢һͷء
ԲҲȻˡ
żĶҶսȻҪͨİ˼۷ͨս
ᡭ
ջأ»Σ˾ӵƵ
ɯȴ˵Ҳ˰ɣҲѾҵˣǻӮ𣿡
򸾶գɫȻ


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ûеõϿɵ£Ȼһɴ£͵һ̤档
䣡
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򸾶˼ˣͬʱǾżʵ𣿡
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˵ˣܷҴһ̫ƽǵ飿
ҡҡͷҲǳȥ滹żǿڵǣ˵ǻȥ𣿡
գɫ󾪣ģ
бҪƭ𣿡ЦЦ
˵ͷ̧ȡһϽ壬ݸƣܷתҵĺֻ߼磬̫ƽǣٿ˰룬ֱȥ۶ЩڳΪٵˣҲܵõһЩӻ
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һ죬һЩεЦЦû˵
Ƶɫȴʮ̫࣬ƽ˲ٸˣСģ
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뿪֮󣬺ܿҵ˽ĳӣ򵥵Ľ֮Ǿ뿪̫ƽǡ
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ٺ٣һЦ֮ϣʹһɾ޴ߵĻ羫˵ٶҲȻͣǾֹˡ
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һײͷ·ѹյһݣ羫ľ޴ʯȥ
ʯȴʱѿһڣ·ſĴ죬һھͽ羫˸˽ȥ
羫ȻǺľ٣ĥصĻʯͻ羫ʯ
ֻǣȻ羫ˣȴҲ޷ңҪܻ羫˶ڵƻ
ƣҳȥԸԱҲҪͬھ羫»ΣֻȴѾ¶һŲϵϺɫףϵڿտš
ƬռҲƵڿռ䣬һſŷԪɵ򶼱ŲƵܣʹ߸޷̽鵽ԵһС
ھ֮ķգ׹͸ĽԼڿռ䲼á
ǰڿռĻ羫ǴĵģܳǧԪڣȴԻ羫ΪƤڻ羫˵ڲǧԪ
ѾǰǽȻ෴ˣԪغͷɵ̫ڴѾûٴ׹ΣգͱҪԼڿռ䡣
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羫߼ûзӦ³ײͼѰҵƬռıԵ
ֻŬվ޷óԸ
ʱһãҲɻݣ˵һЩģֵ֪һЩԣֻҪͻ֮ĲɫƲ㣬ܴﵽ֮磬֮磬ڰ޹⣬ޱߣͷ
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ʱƣȴѾΣŽֱʮĴӣԼǿеʯϲѡ
ЩʯɶǻʯидĻ羫ʯ֮߱ġ
һͷ·Ƿõɮڻ֮´ľӨ͸һ㡣
ʶ֮£ССлʯһڶ࣬羫ʯİÿһŶСĥɡ
ЩĻһɽˣʵһ׵УôôĶ
һЦɯѾñƽһ޴ĻܼӣȻ˽Ų֮·лʯȫʧ
ɯָΣƵǰ֮Ѿ˻羫ʯЦȥ
ѾһŻ羫ʯˣʱҪЩˣƸɯͷ
ллЩ羫ʯҾܺܿﵽżˣʱܺ͵һˣɯ̸Ц䣬еĻ羫ʯҲѾʧһǧʯһη
滹أӦҲ쵽˰ɣ֪ż;λ˼׷ϡ
ͻ羫ʯˣҪòܸϵ
żӦÿԴﵽ
ھͿʼʯʯɱȻ羫ʯˣǧŻʯҾܴﵽż죬๻ˣһҪһɯ˵գȴС
΢Це˵ͷſڣɯһƹ˿Ƶڡ
ҲѾƵߣʵʦû°ɣ
û£裬ԸԸҵĹ
ңҲ𣿡ʱѡ
ҪĻҪǰ֪һУӻѧ𣬶ҵɲǼ򵥵ɻҪ򣡡
ʦλʦֺʦôˣ跴ʵ
ҡҡͷĳɹ⣬˵ɣΪŮڻһԵ㣬ҪǸԵڰȻԲһˣҲ԰һԸ񣬵ȴܶڣ绯һΪ֮㻹Ҫ壬ǧҲǧǧɹ֮㻹ҪԪأҪѧûԪݱ޾ԪأֱԲ
գɵĴˣʵƵһԼھȻһˣôܣ
ҵѳһ֣ҲˣɻʦŲҲǴһֻŲڷѳģֱԵ
ųOΣ˫𾪵Ķƣþδ
ãѵʵѵѵʦֺʦҲҪ𣿡
ҪﵽΪʦľ磬ͱҪƿ϶Ļص
ɯʦأٴһ
΢ЦҡͷҪΪԴռ䣬һǺʹռḶ́һ淨ԪأƿصĳһЩ棬ҶҪǿ
ԥãڼᶨʦҪβһΪ
Ƴ˼Ƭ̣ʵ㣬ʦߣ಻ͬǲĻ֮壬Ԫ֮壬Ҫɵ͵ߡһһĸ򣬲ܳɾͻ֮塣ǣȴǻ֮壻ȣһɽһɽ߶ףβʦֻƾǰľ̵㣬ҪԼ򣡡
һὫҵڣҼʱ䷨ҵǧֻܻ꣬һ꣬ɣ
˵գֽ̧ڡ


853 ʶ֮
֮Ҳ뿪﷢˴Ķܿͻӭֵ̽飬Ȼ뿪ʶȴһֱż
ĿľҪżҲڷ
֮ϡع㣬طǹֲشȴûһࡣ
һֱż߰ʮľ룬һҲöԷҲԼ
ֱ֮ɯϢѾɹлʯֹͣ
һſڣɯɳɫ멣쾫ͷѾﵽ˳Ůӵı־һңķ飬˿ĸŲʲ
ˣҲԺԼŮǱĸŮģңоŮĸҲһЩȻ˵⼸ӡ
ѾĴﵽ˾żˣҳˣɯЦǰͯ档
ǰҵŮˣСѾͷܼˣЦ
ҲŲҪˣҪҲǼ޸ԼɯЦЦ
ɯе˼ҲϾǽĿԶҲˣ
ҪǸŮֱӽ˸ˣҲô鷳òãɯգգ۾ƺѾ⡣
ֱ̣ʲôð취ʵ
ǣŮҿԻûɴأֻҪڿ㣬ס죬ȻǸĸһǻļ
ϹˣΪ˼ҸӦϢˣ˼ҲǾż
ѵŮı£ľżʵҪԺٶһЩżһøĿ࿴ģ
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Ƽˣһ㶣ܿͷһ޵˽µĴأӣƬ֮󣬾Ȼռ˷Բʮ
Ѿͷ£Ȼʮĸֻںһ壬ĳЩȷʵҸ裡ƲòŮı죬ɯԽһżϢɢСϢЩϢͷ·ЩտǵĹľɢģԾżǿ߸κεΣոС
ܿ죬˾ǰǧ֮أǶҲǳ֣ղӦżϢȴȻʧˣǿһ϶Ƕĳһ׼͵ϮԼ
һ룬ƺҲԣǻûһͬϢͻȻʧǶԷѾԶݣ򣬸ϢҲһͬʧˡ
һ˾һЩɹһʱ䣬ǰƸˡ
Ƹ˵κȻڿն𣬽ͻһ޴ʯ˾˹ȥ
ƺһżڵսʱ򣬾ѾʹʶһУԶҲмַӲӣ˫һ棬ͼ롣
ǣǶƵǣΪԴӵȴֽŵײϽ費ͻȻݣҴһɾ޴
ݵ˲䣬ƵĹѾˣӶ˵ͷ׹䡣

˾һͬʱ̧˫֣֧ž޴ʯ
ǽŵȴ׵ӣμ׹䣬޷Ƶѹļ׹

һЦƵĿУеһ˺Ȼ첲סˣҲʱ̽˫֣ץסһˣ޴ʯѳ϶֮һ¡
Ůˣһһ˾͸˲ˡ
ѹڵĿռ䣬ǸͲӳȥʹԱҲ㹻Ŀռ仺塣
»εĸŮˣһ໥ĿһۣȻͬʱЦ
Сӣ𣿡Ƶǵ
ľǣѹһżҲûʲô˲ģĥǣҪҲ
ƵŮİΣվǵ˵ͷλһɫ˿ɯĿڡ
ɯڿռ֮Уһżĺһֹ
һƹâƵ˸ɯֳΣνֽ⣡
һ֮󣬿޵Ŀռ֮УȻͶѻɵĽâƾճ֣Ļˡ
˸ûΪĿռɯƿأֻȫֵ£˾ʯ壬ǽâ
໣ƣɱҵģſң̧һȭ׼ǰһâͻ˹ȥ
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ģԻһռ䣬ȴ޾Ŀռ䣬ҿ˲䲼ռ󷨣ҪȫƳܣ
һЦ˵ͷǰĶѧȫˣ
ǵȻŮôҲܸ㶪˲ǣ˵ҪżڵСһﶼˣζԸǾż۷أҸ㣬ż۷Ǻֲܿģ
Ŷӹ
ɯҡҡͷûУȴӦż۷Ϣ˻ʹʱһż۷ǿʹʶҵĸףҲһ㶼¶ˣҪĸģϢ൱һˣǿһԷҵģ
ƳĬˣֻȴż۷壬ôֲ
վҡҡͷǾżڵĺˣƵʶȻɢȥѸᣬڵĽâ˲ǰӺ˵ľһ
ͷ䣬Ŀȴɳ˺ȻΪûзֵ˭ģûзֵʲôնԼͷ­
ֻǣѾ˼ˡ
ڵĽâͬɯڰһУѲ飬ʶٶȴһ׽֮ҲѾˡ
ƵĽâӺ˵ͷ­дƬ֮󣬺˵ڷһ죬ɢڻʯͰ羫ʯΨһŻ羫գͷɫĹâһƬա
㣿ɯ𾪵ĶƣΪû뵽ƻɵľ͸㶨ˡ


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Ҳижɯǵ걾ǻ϶ɣǲ֮壬ǵʶ֮󣬿γɻ罣ֱԶ̶ԵУ֮ǰҲμӹһεȼԣʱҽʱֻɫҼʶ֮ȴϺɫǾ֤ҵӦñȻӸ߼һЩҵ£ԺǶԵеʱ򣬲ҪƴֻҪʶԶɱͿˣ
ʶɱѵǵʶǺɫɯɻУʹþһСȻǺɫ塣
ǿ֮ɫڣף졭һƬȻǺɫˣˮһ㣡˵֮ξֱʧˡ
ԭˣɯŵĻ羫ˣҲʧ
Ṳ̊ڲĴϣԶ··޾ͷ
ô˵Ϳ˲乥۶ɯʵ
ʶԽԶЧԽ۶ôԶʶɱһ߼Ͳˣ֮ô׵ɱżΪڣƿأ
ŶڵǲҲѾɱˣ
Ƶ˵ͷ㽫ǻ羧ʯ֮Ҫ
ˣŮ֮󣬿ԼȥңԺŮҪТɯƸ첲쿴ȥҪҪǼ˼Ҳɱˣ
ҡҡͷãˣѾûκвˣȴһôֱϾ̫С
ɯ˵ͷǾҷǣԺ׷ɱǣǾͰɱˣ
Ů˵Ҳ֮ûƽâʣٵ۶ȥ
ƣ˵ڲ֪УΪ˾ǿһЩ
ԭͿԳ֮Ϊ壬϶Ϊһˣֻ֮ǰΪˣټû˼͸򲻵ҲûúԼı졣
ӵԶżʶ
Ϣķص۶ǲԺУŮ˲ûڴͣǺܿǰӶᡣ
ֻǣһ̣Щڰ޲𾪡
ر˻ʹеĴӣĿɿڴƸŮĳ֣Ǿ֤ԼɳȥѾʧ֣пѾ
ƣܣ㲻ɱԪžǿߣ˫һ̫ʦεķ˲仯ɷĩڵһվ𣬱һˣ
ӣһ߻Żŵ˴ӵǰ
𣿡ɫɭķʵ
ҲҪţܿͻϢģ߻ص
ͬҲ֮Уƺɯȴ·һ㣬֮󣬱㷵˼С
һɱλżҽ˵Ļ羫ҲסˣõĻʯҲ㹻裬ԣŮҲûдٴν
羫ҪζԸʶĨǸû취ʹãɯüͷ
Ҳûа취羫˼쳣ڵĹԸʹʹҲУǡƳ˼
ʲôɯɻ
Լ³һ仰
ôԼɯƵ
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Ż羫˸ǱΣԼԼ˵죬Ҳ޷ܳµΪĶ
ʱԽã˾Խ񣬾ķѻ¹ץƺɯֻһԾĿţڸŮ˵ʱҲΪƽڵʱˡ
ʱƣ˰ƺѾ֤һжû;ʼޡ
ֻ޷յκεĻҲûôԽԽ裬ԽԽԸӴʼĻҲĻ˻羫ˣ˻羫˵һâһ
ЧɯָŻ羫ˡ
ȲҪ̫磬һâҸȼҲģƿ˵
ɯ˼ĵ˵ͷô죿ѵû취ǻҪȣ
֮⣬ǸżҲˣڵǸżôˣ
ҲˣҪ˶ãӦҲúһˣɯ͵
һֱȵǵʶȫɢٳȥģʱ䲻ᷢ仯ģ
ţҺȻѹ֮Ŀ£Ҷ󣬻Լô죬ɱɣǾȻҴ߰˯ȥѾܲˣ
ͱҪѧ˵Ľ֮УûУԼ죬ֻ࣬һ˶ҲҪ˶һ죬᲻Ľ־ģƺȻ뵽Ǹޡ


855 ռȵ
һͻ˻Ԫžﵽ˲𲻴Ŀ֮Լ𣿼ʹһ˿룬Ǻʲô
Ȼ䣬ͷһΪ뵽һ仰̲Լͻ˾żﵽǴ˵֮ǲǾ֮ޣѭ
Ԫͻ֮ǣ磬ȴˣӦöǴڻȥĸ֣ЩֵΪͻԪ۵ΪӦһģ򣬸벻򣬸޷ﴩԽ絽磬Ҳ޷ܳôˡ
ͻˣˣǷµ֣³ɳˣֽˣǴֱ˻羫ˣҪͻơ
ȫһѭַʽԿޡ
ԼѵҲҪ·һ̵ƣ·һУУѾյ·;Ҳյ㣬ǸҪѭѾûǰ·ˡ
ͬһԲε̫۾٣նصԭ㡣
ǺǡƿЦһüĿ֮䣬˼ꡣ
ΪЦݣɯʵ
ҡҡͷûʲôԺͻᶮˣ⣬˵ϸ
Ǵżʶɣ
ǽʶǶ̽Ԫأ羫棬ʶʶ
һ֮κȻʧһʵǻ羫ˣ羫˱濴ֻȭͷôʵʵСǿԸӵŵԸġ
λżʶѾ˻羫˵λãƵʶͺ׵ռ˻羫˵Χ
Щ羫ǻӴĻɣֻȱʶͳ죬ȴҲߵʶǿĵִ
ƽʶ֫˾żǿ߶Ը֪Ԫ֮󣬱ĵĽǻ羫˵ĴһеĻ桢Լͷ΢һ£ջǱ˽ȥ
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ʶʵһ˴ӳʱ˿һɵģ˾ȻͲܱ䣬µĻҲԲӽȥ
ȴͬÿһʱ䣬Ӵļ䳤һЩңЩҶûļƬΣҲ˵ƸԼľһ൱ڷľ
һ浼ʱ򶼷ǳѣȴ䷳ϵɧţĻ浼֮󣬾ͱ÷ǳļˣͷ·һµĺӣʹǿе룬Ǳ߾ͻԶˡ
ʱƣƾΪλżǿ趨һµһķӷһ̿ʼ𲽱ǿ𽥳ɳ
Щ仭ռݵıҲԽԽأټıͺ̹ܶ࣬ļ磬֮ľԼ׹֮飬ȫһ顣
ܿ죬Ƶļռ˴룬Ŀʼųżǿľˡ
ҰȡӦòų˰ɣư֮󣬷ֽ˵ʶʼסһҪļ仭棬Ƴ
ȻżǿԭļȻһЩȴǳ
һ鲣һ㣬żߵıļԽԽ٣ƵļȴԽԽࡣ
ʶּΪƣҪϴԸӰԵ
ء
һ˿ΪѲļ䱻飬żߵʶȻԣʶľͽʶɢȥ˲ռ羫ˡ
ƵʶҲ뿪ΣҲмּһ˿ǾżߵĸΪµģҲΪļ䣬һչ鶼ʧޣԺҲûоżߣеֻƵķ
羫֮ԶΣһģһ̬
˫໥Ƶʶٴֵ˷棬û˿Ŀܣʶͬһֱ֮ƴʶ֮ɻ羫˾ͳ˿հ壬еֻǾӴĻȴûаʶ
һУɯɹˣ
΢Цĵ˵ͷŻ羫ˣҪĻҿԸ㣡
ɯæҡͷԼУŲҪأ͸ѽʱǲ͵жһżİ𣿡
д˴㣬ɯ˲뿪˵أһƺ֮ϣŮһֱʵ˵˵
ΪĿƻԽԼڵĿռ仮Ϊͬ磬ԣѾǵһǳˣƿ˷˽硢ɽ硢硢ĹŽ硢ý硢硢ħ硢޽硭
ССʮͬ硣
Ȼ滹һ磬Ļģ֮գƻ֮ǵģֻ֮ûʵģ֮ҲȫּΪϡȱ֣ɲⴴģҲֻŲһˡ
ȴһָоһѾԶˣΪѾ˿֮żˡ
Ӿżڵż۷壬ֻǻۻô򵥣ҪһֵһЩ˵ףһЩȴһ򣬴ﵽ۷塣
ŮĸȵŮһɽĵطɽ磬ɹΪܳġ
ԣסҲµοǵ߻Ƶķһֱ顣
Ůżһ𣬿ʮ˵ĺ󹬣΢Ц䣬˻羫ˡ
죬ʲôĸ겻Ǻ͹źĿ⣬Ż羫ˡ
ǿһԣ˭ʶԾܻŻ羫˾͹˭Ϳһˣ
ģŮԾԾԣջһһ
Ҷһ֮ȴֻвһˡ
Զ֮УǻǷԪأû˿η壬ʶע羫֮ͿŻ羫˷ԼĴԣȫѪͱһγɵʵʵɱ䡣


856 ޵Ĳ
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ټϲԭӵڸԪءжʹڵսҪһľżڸǿˡ
ûɣǲĿ֮Ϊֻп֮пκκжп˿ޣˡ
ǲȴܱԼĶʶ˵̬ڸ֮С
һ۵㣬ƺ֮ǰĲ룬޲յҲ̬ͬϡ
羫˶ڲ˵Ҳôǿֻ˲Իƿðˡ
ͨ顢Ԫ飬ӶԷԪؽƿأʹûзԪ飬еһ̶֮Ҳͬһӵƿ
ǸһĽ
𣿡ƷԼһ䣬ǰǣŲܷܷ֣ЦһܷͨƿطԷƿأ
һ֣֮̽͵һˮϵ飬ⷨ൱ДʶѾջأֻһֵ֮
ӹֳ֮ʶС
Ȼӵ˶һϵƿ
ŲǾϲɫҲ˷˭ҳȥ
˵գƵξֱʧʹŮյֱš
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ڿռʱȻܾãǶ˵ҲǶ̶̵ļʱˡ
֮һЩȣܿ͵ԻӦ
ȴһԲû£ܲӦ
ɻĵ˵ͷ۾ʶ壬ʼӦܵһУҲԽԽ̶ʧƵʶѾ޷ˡ
ףĳɹˣͷһϲ
ٴγֵʱɫҲǼɹˣ
΢Це˵ͷ
һ̣ȴ˻羫ˣʶ˳ڲҪˣ๫ðɣ
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ǵȻʱҿһģƺҲûп赲ҵĶˣ˳ķ˿¶µס
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֮ûиŲʣΪŲҲҪ㹻Ļ羫ʯŲʵΪָҲǳĿ죬ŲʵҲ羫ˡ
һ̻羫ˣ͸ţ裬Ѿǰ˼۷壬̤żҲǳϦ֮顣
ҲҪˣȡڵǸϼһæɯûдŲƣ뿪˷䡣
ɯߣǰӵסƵ̧ޱȵĺ촽๫ٶˣ
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ֻо鲼ȫϵƾʧһһץסƵֻԼ·֮УȫѩסĴǵĸӼҡ
ᡢϸ֮Уƾͽ⿪˲ǰɫĶǶҲ˫ָסŰۣҲѾϵ£Ų֮ϣƷζš
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ȫսʹҲһ󿺷ܣֻо۴İѩɽ֮Уš
ⰻȻӰ㿣֪˶ãֹͣɹ̫Сè䣬ƵĻУһֹֻƵǰװɽӵһĹ֣Ϊһ˫

ٶˣǸˣĲĺ󱳡
ŲҪҪ˯һᣡ
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÷ȣһŶûг˼Ҳš
ڷ䶺̫ãΪѾ˰ݷߡ
ƸоǣȻй֮ԵľӶţӶһˣΪҲ߼ľ飬ŸˣӦöĳеĹС㡣
Ʋ֪ΪˣŲһͬ뿪ңʶһԶ򿪣˵
˲ûио⣬ƹһ񣺡Ӷżǰ
ҴŸˣŮųնʶЦ֪λк£
ն̧ͷЦҵרݷǰңǾҲŴǰǼ֪ͣɷ񣿡
Ŵ壿ƵĿɨˡ
غ̡ɺꡢ⡢ʩ硢£ǰ빪һ
ƻ˴գԼ˵ټնŴȻǰ˴壬ҲǰģеҲСӣоżڵϼһ
Ҳо⣬˾Ŵ忴ӣƺн˵ƣǳԱ֮⣬ûĿģ
ɻնڽ͵ǰҵȾŴǽ˵ĹϵһΣֵռң
Ӷſʲô壿Ʒʡ
ӶŵԱ̶ǱжӶŵģǸصĶԽμλã
ԭˣƿ˿ǣ֣վǰ·Ҹһ⣡
лǰն༸˿һۣתȥ


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ӵ˵ͷʾ£ŵ֪⵽ʲô磬ֵ֪ܿɷң
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ҪôǺΪҪôǸߵĿ£ѵûоͬͨķһ𣿿ȴߵŮӾԲǷˣ
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ڼͷٴһܶʱɱż֣ߣӣѵҲࣿ
ҾͲ֪ȷʵˣȥǸŮӣ̽̽ΪҲûȥˣ
˵գ̤ȥ뿪֮˫ŵأڿն𡭡
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ȻҪȥͨܿҵ˹ܼҸۡ
ܼеĸȻ࣬ȴҲʵʵİ˴֮һۡռҲǧĶ˾ס
ƺͲ֮ſӭ´һߺȵʲôˣ֪֪ǹܸ
ǽȥͨһǼ˵ƿһ
ƣɻΣû˵֣ǲǰټеһԱҲ֪˿Կ϶ǰĴ壬Ͳ
ʲôƲƵģΪʲôܼģ߿ߣһѾһЩͷ
ƶԹܼұûʲôøУһ˻ҲֳһЩͷɫôȻһڻʯңѵҼ𣿡
˼ɫ໥ĿһۣɫͳһҲ˵תԺȥµһȴ˼䱸Ķƶˡ
ûйãܸоһŲѹѹܳһȺˣŮŮʮ֮࣬һӴѹһƺͲѹ˹ȥ


858 
ƺͲǣ֣ŶӴƣϴųЦݣû˿η塣
ܼΪһƤ׷ͷͷͷߣֻһңɰͰ͵һʣݣһ˵һŵĲᡣ
ưɣϴűȿ޻ѿЦݡ
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üͷһ֣Ѿˣǰеǰ£
˵úɣɱҾ͵Ǹң㵱ΣƴЦ
һʱͣ治֪λشƵĻ
˵ϻһڣӴԺһʹ̬
δߵһЩ˾Ѿ̲ȥˣ׷ŭĿƣ㣿
ʲô㣿ƵĿ絶棬ɨ˵۽ǣߣ޲Ŀ⡣
̫ΪԼǾżʲô˲ǵ۶Ұĵطߵһ˿˵
ô˵̸£ˣЦ
ãҴӦߺȻһ
Ļƺ⣬Ҳһ㶣Щ˿óһڵĻȫӶɱˡ
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һڵĻ羫ʯⲻ۸𣿱˵ܼңеǰ˴壬һҲòһڻ羫ʯǰĴпܣǿǼֵڵĻʯɱһżڣҲһ羫ʯ
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庮һڻ羫ʯҪܼҪأǳ۸ҲܼҴӴʧƺһ
Ǻǡÿ֪Ϸݣʹ˻ʶûȨҹܼ壬ĳΪ˻ʵȨݸߣ庮ŭЦЦдźܴĳ
գû⣬ȴɻ󣬵ȴûзҵȻܺ˻ʱȣǣҪǹܼңûֹң
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һ۳ǵ˫ԼϣβͻȻʧ
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̶̵ӣǾͽĿ˲ϣٴλӶȭͷ˹ȥ
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㣿ɳȥĶ˲ŵĶŲΪǸоԼڲϵȻԼϣĻ˹
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䣡
ȥĿصĿ죬ŲûŲһ£Ҳ˳ȥˤڵء
ʱ򣬹庮Ȼһ
Ťͷȥ֪ʱƾȻ˹庮ǰѾץס˹庮ĲֱϷ·һĻٵĽ庮
ſڣܼҵһ߼˻ƻһƣһɽֱƵš
ֻһ֣⣬庮ȴʧ
ӵĴżˣͬʱ˹ȥǾֻͬӥŷļХצֱ𹥻Ƶͷ­ؿںߡ
ƵȴͻȻʧһ̣˲ߣӵĶŴӣô㲻Ҫȹ庮ѾɱˣҺΣ
ɫ粻ʮλȴ׷׵ǰɫ䱸ĶƣЩ˴ʱҲľսǵһѴҲŪûˣԼҲֻɱһ·ˡ
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һԶӴռΪ׵ľŴ˾ȻҲˡ
ӵЦݺܲã߱ߵеӢۣег𱨳ԹԹʹ˻ʶģĴͳ磬ѲЩ°ɣ
ӵĿӣƵηʧһЦݣԭǶܣû뵽ȻҲ˵ˣĳҪƣѵͲ¸ʹ
ֻཻлϲӷһ䣬Ťͷƣ΢΢ǷֵܣĲɣ
бӣӸúԼϤƵģʵԶͬûʲôøУ˵嶼ûкøУ߸ͲͬһˣҲһģȻᱻ˸ˡ
Ǵʱȴֲ˵һЩĻ΢Цлӱӻ
һ˻Цһֵﻰҵ飬Ϊ


859 ˻ټ
̻ƵĻԼһЩȣӦþǻ֮ɣ飬Ѿˡ
Ȼﲻ̫ϲɱҪʾлеαΪֵ̫ǿƣǾͻһֲ֪ô뷨ˡ
лӣƵ˵ͷ
ӲӣЦ磬ҵſͣ粻Ҫ͹ܼҵ飡
Ŷſ;ȻҪһ壬ټղ壬ѵӲ֪ЦһʵĶۣԼܻܵмηģȻǴӣȴ̫ӣ˻ٸŮȴûжĸһε˻ʡ
˰ɣֵҪʳеĹܼңû˵ҪȫµĹܼңֵܣ˵ǲǣƷʵ
֪ܲôЦЦʵѹûдܼңֻҪŻŻˣܼƵͷѵŶҪһЩ⳥УӣѵµķֻӻԼˣȴеĹˣԶܳΪ˻ʣ
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ưһɣ˵ϻǹܼҸûʸҵĵˣƼȻǹܼңǴһĻᣬˣôǹܼұϣǺΪ֮ҪǣûֹҲСӣƸˣ
һ֮ץס֣ڿն𣬶˵֮ͻȻʧ
һĻɫ˱䣬ȻЦĿŶӣܣӦòſͰɣΪһˣѵʼҵڶ𣿸ʿǶһΪʹ޵ģΪ֮ɣ
ӴҲˡ
Ǵ˳ȥ
ռҼСϸӣΪʲôҪƣ
ȥߵǸŮӵͣ̽ˣˣʹ¶޿κΣǴ̫ںͿǼմգŪǧ羫ʯ͵Ƶĸϣڹܼңһʣóң˵գԼļ̤ȥ
Ŵһǧ羫ʯҲСĿˣҲһʹǶӵĻֲܲ׷׳̾һ˸ԼУʼôƽύ顣
˻ʹһ絹׶ɽϣĽȺУһΪĴʽװܵǽڡ
һȻĹľϣͷ׷ϣȴӤһ㣬ֻ˫۾ȴޱȣû֣֮ͫޱĶ̨֮¶ˣһƿ鵽
ҵֻ֪ͻȻǣǲԶ׹֮أҵȻɣȷʵ˵⣡˵һӣ׷ü·һ˪͡
߻һڷݸӣԴռ䣬йΪ죬ӵƾݵ嶼˭֣
ô˵ǳԽ˻Ԫžﵽڲеķ磿
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ǺǺǡһǺڰ䣬ͨ˫̥ҾͲӦеĻһҲȥǣҿɲҵĶΪһ˶
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λе˻ٴ¶ǣֻڻԪ۷һ׹䣬֪ûйϵйϵ˼Ȼ˵۶ΪβҼ棿ǣǺˣѵĻ࣡
£Щصǿߣ˵ֻ֮ȴΪµ֣ûгԽ쾳ģ˵粻𾳽ˣ
˵ȫţȥǸưɣָСӣֻԽԽӣϼһԼһΪã
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ʱ򣬰ȴŴӺͶ빪һ񣺡ʣ
ˣ񣬽Ҳ˵һǾ仰֮䲻˽Ƕ˶ҵĶӣҲϣǶκһܵ˺ǲҲ⽫ȫ߳壡
գһ֪񸸻֮
ˣȻ컹ŹĶǣǹúΪһƬأǲӢۣʱ䣬ҹʳǣ߽ȥȥúˣȻǻòãǾһڱ߽ɣ˻ʲŭĶŶˡ
λӻæڵأͷּ
ֻ˻ʲûߣҲߣ֮󣬾վԭأ̧ͷ
ûйãƾʹŲ̤˽
û뵽˻ʻԼȴû˿η壬ȻһЩڴ־磬ЩĶǵ飬ĵᣬ˻˫ڶԷϿ˳ʡ
˻ѾǰȫԽƿߵȨѹֿ޳ѵʾ˼ʥһ㡣
˫û˵ȻҲû񣬾ǰĶ˻ʡ
ܿ˱ͬʱһЦǿһ˻ʣ
ǺǺǣֲТӶĿ࿴͸Խưɣ֪γƺ˻ЦЦ
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úã˹涼ͬ죬
ƺͲ֮˻ʲż˵ԭӦˣĻҲʧλˣ֪ܷһӣˣӦ֪̫СһżֿǷǳ׵ģ
ȴһЦ赣ģʧλż֣һܿΪżֻ֣Ҫͻɣ
ŶΪô˵ѵĨȥżʶõǵĻ羫˲ɣ˻ʴ˻ʱ̬Ҳ
ûĵ˵ͷ
˻ϸĶãźȻһЦоˣҲǸþʱˣɷ龰


860 Ԥ
˻ѯ飬Ʋûио֣Ҳͼ򵥵ĽһЩ˻˵ദ֮ȻҲǳľȡ
ȻƲûи߶Էеָ
ô˵϶ˣ˻ҲһԻɹصĻǺεΪ
Ƶ˵ͷκ඼Լ磬ҲͬԼ磬ֻʽͬ
ֻлԪ뿪Ƭϴ½඼в뿪ӦҲǻԪˣһҲڵѪ˻Ȥʵ
Ʋûи߶ԷԼǴʯͷĳģԾ͵˵ͷ˵Ԫǵһﵽ磬ɹ֧һƬص˵Ļô˵ǻԪܳģǻԪ۵ĺ
ô˵Ҳһˣ˸ߵΪ϶ԪŸŨѪУ˻ЦЦ
Ʋ֪ɷĻصһҲ޷֤
ʵȷʵɻԼȻû羫ˣǻ羫˵˭ģ̹ػĻ羫˵ǻԪ۵ģԼ֮ɹҲ˵ǻԪǰ趨õģˣԼȷʵͻԪкܴĹϵ
ЩѾҪˣƵĲ룬ԪۼпܻûǸޡǻԪۡ
ֻ뿪֣Ҳпǿ޾磬Ԫ۶ͬΪǧ֡ǧ硢ǧޣЩ˺ֶȥҲɻ
ƺ˻ʽ̸ãϸ˵ҲûбһЩ˵ģȻ֪һУʹ˻Խ棬֪УѾȥ߰˸ʱҲһֳ˼ȳʱʱĻʼΡ
ŮҲһģ˻ٴηʣĿ˲ϣ֪ǺεȾ磿
Ӧǲ磬ǺεȾ磬ȴֲĵȼֻۣ˻ص
˵ǰѾԽ˻Ԫž۷壿ѾԴĽеˣǰƣͷҲһЩ¡
˵ԽԪž۷壬Ҳ˶٣ӦҲǻԪž۷ɣƴص
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֪¿ɷ֪żǺεȾ磿ѯʵ
ԪۿԻɿޣе֮ǰ¶һ֣ͻȻʧͻȻ֣Ҳȫ񣬴ԻԪۿһСһУָ½һУ
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ԤԣͷһⱻΪǺ֮ȫɻɣ˴ȻǴʲô
˻ʵ˵ͷûдƵ˼
ǴӺͶȴһ£ƺ˻ʵ̸ǲŷԼǺεȵɡ
˻ʻʲôԤԣƷʵ
˻ҡҡͷûˣ
΢΢ͷվվ͵˰ɣҺʱˣʱһ
˻Ҳæվ𣬴Ӹ̨£ȡһʯݸƣмŻ羫˺һڻ羫ʯ͵ҴТǸˣʲôѴֱң
㶣ջǽӹʯͷЦл˻ʣ
򸾶Ż⣬뿪˻ʹ
ӺͶȻ˼ηͳݣȴΪ͸ôȴֲܶʣ׷ɻĿ˻ʡ
˻ʵ˶һۣǵС˼˼ҪɱͨӤô򵥣ڶҹ߽ʲôʱǻǲٻػʶ
λӲҷֻܹһ
ֻǶȴɻʣ¹ǸԤ𣿡
˻΢΢ͷ֪ǲţȻ෵أҲòһЩ㣬ΣһˣվҪĺãЩ飬ǲٹˣ
λӹȥ
ƺͲջؼҲͣ;ۼϰٺˣʶɨӣ־ȻǹܼЩͷƼſڣĬ
˻ʷˣЦЦŲһ̤ͬԺţӸµĿŹܼҵЩˡ
˾ƺȻԼĶԹܼҵĳ޶ʧˣ˵Ŀϱ仯ٿˣͬһϣʹɡɡͼıɣɻȥ𣿸̸һ˵


861 
ƵĿԽܼˣԶգѤʵĿƲ㣬Ҳһ̳׵ķøӿޣҲһ̷·˵ĵȻûκα仯
һĻͷҲһϲô˫ޣĸӦı仯ĵĿ飬һֳ׿͸ĳѣҲûκһɻ뷳ա
һʧȥЩӰ죬ҲȻһЩûϣΪϣѾȫɣûĿ꣬ΪһĿѾʵ֣ûǣңΪͲҪǣң˼ҲûʲôӰֹһСһС
ʲôԪأʲôʲô磿һжڿޣ޶㲻ʲô
ԽԽߵƣҲ۾һ̣·йŮӣ۾ԼŮˣ˫޶ͨԼĸ
ڣйϼ˸һһŮߣĿ΢գΧƵߡ
ಡ
һĹϼƵլԺгɯƺҲӦ˸ĸ鳬ѵĸо˸ĸ׵ߡ
ϼʳ޲ͷŸ߿֮ʮλӰ¶ϵɫܼ˸ˡ
һ
ȫǰ޲Ĥݡ
˻Ҳһվ˷Ÿ߿յƣĽѣôҲ벻Լֻһ£ƾȻܳˡ
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һĴЦƵĿдƵʶҲӣɢ˲ͽӴʶֱ˲ɫϼ硣
ʶϼ֮ŷĿ޲еôӴ󣬶Ǳ߽磬Բ硣
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һͷ·ɽǧΧʯܵʱĻʯϵӰһģһ
٣Ǹȥˣɻ
ֻһԴﵽĿ֮ˣʱҲԼˣһӰƵӰߣЦ
ǸԪۣƿŶԷɻ
ǺǺǣңӰ˸䣬һۣ׵ߡ
һƷʣ֪̹һɵţȴֻһ룬Լɸȫŷ񣬴ﵽȫĿ޾磬Ȼɢˣ
Ϊ޷̤һ޷ﵽĿޣεõǷһżԼѡ񣡡ԪЦЦ
Ϊж٣Ʒʡ
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ӣ㻹ûдﵽ߾磬ֻһѵҪ㿴ңǻúúõģֻһſܽľ磬𣿡
ƶŶԷûлش𣬵е뷨ȴԽᶨ뵽Լ檣뵽ԼĶŮգ뵽˲֮Уˣ֮ǰɲǿ֮ǽȴֲˣٲԼǰᣬŽ޵ľ磬˸ߵľ
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Ԫ֮ǰӦҲ˰ɣưһԤ֮վᱻѵҲʵ֣޲Ȼ飬ҲͱȻʲôøУԺĵ·жָ㣬ûĿĵĿʲô
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ѹѹһƬоȻһȺӴĹޣһ˫ۼףͬǴ͵ȴֱӴչǧףգж٣ʶɢѪζһͬƵˡ
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863 
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ֻ̧𣬽ЩŵĻʯͻ羫ʯȫȡЩȴ˵ľżں;żڣҲץУȻڡ
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ֻɱ¾ˣЩȫҵڣʱҿǿ޻ô죡һ֮󣬴Ůɢȥ

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ʱоκεʹֻԽԽ䣬ԺͿԼǸŮԼǰĺ촽ϿϣԶɽüǼУںԼֻ֣ȴҲһƬྲ
ǿмһ˿Цݣеĵݸ˶Էáá飬ҪǮ
˵仰ʱƵĵ׺Ȼ˴ûҸԼһΨһһˡ
ǰһڣ׵ʧȥе֪

»ָ֪ʱ򣬸оͺůȪ֮Уǳ
Ϊʲô۾
ԽԽԾΪԼҪһ֫ǳѡ
ѵסԺˣǰСӴˣ
ɻʱ򣬺Ȼ洫һϲϲˣ
𣿡ŮȻ˷ʣ֮û̫ľȣƺԤϡ
ǧȷϳԲῴ
֪Ů
Ӧһλӣ



866 
ɵˣ治ϴԼĴΪµǣԼñǿںС˵е̥ϢĸͷֶǳСԴġ
ˣô̥ˣүһ̫ǰһ£һ̥˰ɣȵȡʲôӣӣ浽ʲô磿յΣӲᴩԽ˰ɣԽŴˣ磿ôѪȻҵϣӣҲΰɣ
ޱȣȴҲڿԿ϶Լȷȷʵʵ̥ˣ˵ĻҲţǺܿͿ϶ԼĴ
찡Ժ󼸸²ᶼֻܱôһƬСطɣҪС
죬һֿҪĸоǵԼʱԺ֮кȻ˹żص칦
֪вУټҲûãҲû¡˵֮һڳ֮ǰ̥ܻ֮֮ȥΪĸ֮е֮ÿһ̥˵гɾ֮Ǳ
һ쳾뷲ĸ֮ͻɥʧΪ֮壬ֻ֮άµʱ䣬ԣһӤǰ궼ǺģҪ½쾳磬պҪͨɹʻһ޵УǲܴﵽģҲΪʲôõٵԭ򣡡
ƿʼŹȥĹż䣬׽ǿ϶ˣΪ׽ӦĶң׽ǳ֮ҲǺ֮֮ġ
ڤ񹦣
ģҲ֪Ǽ٣ڿ̥嶼һǲҪðյĺãһһСŪһʬɾˡ
Ϣ
ԼûÿڱǺ
澭澭
Ժ˵ɣЩ⻹֪ЧΣʹҪϰҲҪȳȥ֮оо
䣿
ڻԹ

ϴ辭
뵽ⱾŹżʱһ󼤶
ճҪϴ辭Ҫȵ׽֮ſԡ˵׽Ѿڴˡ
׽벻˺׽ɣȴ൱̤֮żϴ辭𲽵ͷǳĸߣżϼص˵ûˣһɣǱǽ֮壬Ժ󻹿ַԣڣţ浽ġ
ϴ辭֮⣬ƻ뵽˵ҵ칦
Ʋȥ֮ķ粻˵յ㻹кܴͬģ
ֻĿͬߵ·ȴȫ෴ΪԵľǣŽһɳһһҶһᣬɫ࣬磬ڱ壻칦ȴҪȸ磬Ȼ۱壬Ȼ֮Ŵ壬ĳ棬ƫ硣
׷Ŀ࣬Ҳ˵ǻ˫ޣȴǽȻ෴֮Ҳͬ
ǲˣΪʲôӶ֪ԣⱾصΪѡ
ʵֻܲܳҪʺǿԺ󣬾͵˼ǿĸ˵ֱӴﵽ쾳磬֮Ҳ޾ѧϰ书ʽȻˮɡ
Щ֮һ㵸۸¸£ϱʮ꿪ʼͼ飬Ķڶʮı֮޳ˣʵǲͷ죬̫ллˣ޴ڵ־͵ЦУ
ôˣڲĸ£Ȼô󶯾ˣ治֪Ժ֮Ƥ
һ˻æֹͣ˼飬̥һΪԼ̫Ծ̥ǿɾˡ
ʧʧ
ԶĿɲߣԪٳ߸ͷԭʼʼ⣬ϴ衭
ƻϴ辭ݣԼڤķƾͿʼӦ
ǰҪǼܣڲ̥ͬ赣ܵţޱȣĸѪҺĻʵɫ֮ǿĸӦΪҪͬͨ˸ӦĿǰס
֮ͨԴԴϵ͵Լڣŵ壬µѪ١
ǧǰӾѾ˵ӪǱһרᣬӤ
ϴ辭ĵһҪȥ൱ڵеġȻ֮ʼĶһ˵
ĸ壬ӵŵһѿʢ
Ӧ֮󣬱ͨڤƿʼĸĻ֮ǱͳͨľУֻ廹ǳĴҲǼӱСġ
ķգ˵һ죬˫ؿ顣
˺õĿʼʣµͺðˣ֮ϵȫڵѪ⣬衭
¸£Ŀԣû뵽ǰĹһȴҲһõطŬŬŬ



867 
̥ٶޱȣҲһĸˡ
һĸһɫˣͷɫ㷢ٲһ㣬ĸ̬֬پ£¹ŽɫĿȸһָŸĸо
⼸ر֣һĹ򣬾Ȼ˰˶٣ʹԵĶͷǳķʢлչмӣԵĶǸӪʳ
ڼ仹дˮɾüҹﶼҪӲ͡
ʱţԽԽλԵĶࡣ
˲ΡѩļΪʳҲ˲١
ʹˣҲûӣӪȫˡ
Щ飬ȻҲ֪ģҲڰңҿڵңֻһƽգͲôӪϣҲû̫ãһпܻ˵ĸ塣
װϱȻҲиĸⱲҲ㵱ҵˣһҪԵ㰡ҪȻҳģ֮ҪԸĶģ
̥Ϳʼݷ

Դϴ辭֮ĹŮǼÿ춼ΪλĳԺţһ˶٣ʳڡ
﹬ŮȽ϶࣬ҪȻæ
أҲѧˣÿҹĻҲԱ֤ĸ׵˯ߣҪȻһСʱһٷ˭Ҳܲˡ

ö֮ԼҲ˾飬ֻҪһЩĸӪʳԼͿԼòʹһҲǳĸˡ
ʱţ
֮࣬ͨλĸ׺λŮĽ̸ʹҲһЩ˽⡣
ҽоݹͬڵŴκһٷȴǺеʱڡ
ԼĸȴǳԤϵľˣ嵽׺ͨʲôһڻһԿ϶;ݵ۹֮ƺһЩìܡ
Ҳ˲²⣬λû¶һĸʣǲΪ뾫ͺãԲȢĸףʵȴϲĸףԼĸ׳ò̫ƯҪȻôἸҲһء
ڸ飬ڻ޴ӵ֪ϲǣ־Ȼǽƣݵ۹ͳΡ
Ҳ̫ƽϺ϶˵һıĵطö󹬵Ӷж̥ľǲǺ裬ȺһŪãԼп̥ʹ֮Ҳȫ໥ɱֵ߱ҲУԼĸƺһЩټĸҶĸ׵Ĺע̥ʱӦðȫˣһҳٺ٣˭֪תţˣûƾĻ鷷ӵĴ񹦴ɣ˭ܰô
￪ʼYYţҲûʲô飬Ũ֮ȴǴ漣ĶʹƲȥӦ͵֮ҲԶĴĸ崫ڣֻҪϴ辭ˣ̥ĺôԣҲûʲôΣա
ھҲһһ쳩ͨһһɢЩĽɫ֮⣬иŽɫ֮
ر󼸸£ҾȻ˼Ʒ˷ܲѡ
ʧǣӶԷ̸Ҳ˾ԾʵôѺá
˵ĻĸĴؽѩϼ˪

ҲܿһЩ⣬ķص֮Уֱ֮ΪԪʼ֮ԪʼΪ壬Լͨϴ辭壬ĸ崫Ͷֻɫǵɫġ
ڵĿ֮Ҳ֮Ҳֺö֣ǵҵ㲻ǵɫ
֮ΪֻвͬΪҵΪ̫ͣûдﵽ쾳ɣʹﵽˣҲһͬ屾һ磬ķͬȻͬ
һ룬ҲͲˡ
ϴ辭һԷΪ󾳽磬һ󾳽ϴ衣
һϴ跥ë壬ҲΪؼеһҲԴﵽ־硣
һָ޷֮ȵģΪЩĶǺ֮ʹ㣬Ҳս˫񣬲ᷢʵĸı䣬ӳʱҲǳĶݡ
ҪͻļޣǾͱҪ칦ﵽ쾳ģȴ֮١
죬һʱ䡣
ϴ辭ͷ·ѪʹùԺԶܳɫҪÿһѪҺϸܣ˵ĽɫΡ
Ҫ֮죬֮Ҫһ㾳ɣʹǾɮҲʮ꣬ΪǸղԭʼֻƾȥһһεĻۺ͸죬̥ƣȴʱ޿ܵԭʼ
ԣֻµʱ䡣


868 
ڣƾ¶ʱϴ跥ëɣҲ˶оԼĵһƿں;֮ҲѾҪѾˣǿգǿ϶žȫΣգҲѾ޷ܡ
ңĸ͵֮Ѿϡ١
ˣƲֹ֪̥ͣʱѾˣʹûĴﵽǰѧ֮˸֮ҲֻһƿˣֻҪȥ֮ԼȻˮɣŤŤͷ
һҪĸ׵ʹһҵ


ˣ
ͷˡ

ڳˣ뿪ĸһ̣Ļ
һҪȻԼ۵һ˳л³һЩۻࡣ
ȳǰһλʮңɫѵĹţ֮СĽԼһʢˮľ֮ϣϴ塣
ܿ죬Ű֮󣬾ͽһ˵ߡ
֪ԷӦþԼһĸˣԤϵǣλĸ׾Ȼһͷ̵ĳͲʮ꣬
һͺͿˣǸδ¶ӸӲ⡣
ɫƣ֮дʮҸĶͷҲ㺹֮ƺŵ
ͶĻƺȻһҪ޵ĸоһĸĸСʱˣүү̽ˣĸʮֵĿ
գͶĸ׵ĻѪĸоҸޱȣˮĴ۾Ứ
ԣԣޣһƵӡ
̫ݵ
һ̤һλ̫̫̫̫ڽѣ׵ķͷԺ󣬲ŽΣɫΣ˱ֱ̬飬¸һָ߹ޱȵơ
ߣһ۵ĸ߹ˣ·Ͻ˿һֻĹȹӵ࣬ͷϲ˽ΣʹԼʮ꣬ŨױĨĴıţ˫ȴԴһ˿󻹸һȺ̫๬Ů
ˣƾǰ飬Ҳ³ĸӦþǸݹĻʺ̫̫Ȼ̫ˡ
ֻ̫һ࣬ӣɫ֮¶΢ЦƱڻУϻǺ۰ӣȴһĵĻҲûж˵
ƺܲԸı̡˻УˮĴ۾һգһգĴŶԷ
ܿ죬̫̫ͽƵݸһĹŮ˵ԺƻӾͽִΪ
̫󣡡Ůӹƣʹȥ
ƼˣԸ⣬޵ͬʱ˫ֺӲϵҡţ˼ԣҪ衣
Ƶһ˶һճӤȻͿԻ֫ˣһˡ
̫ͻʺ𾪵ǣǷƾȻС
ûҪһ㣬ɫŵĴӴ̫ǰˮգɫĸĸܲóٶ࿴һۣ
̫üͷ壬վǵ˵ͷתȥ
ǻʺˣҲֻһԵĹŮ˵Ƶ֮ǰҪӴߣ
ǣʺԼλŮæʩ
ʺת뿪
˼ʲôٶ࿴һۣҸճҪĸ׷ֿɣ磿ֱӣԽԽҡ
½ƱڻеʱѾָֻѾߡ
ײãԺײչˣһҪԹԵģ֪𣿡˫Ŀ֮ǺỨֱʱŷԼĶӾȻѾˡ
Ʋ⵽ô£ȴһԤУԺпҲԼĸˣһѪѷֵʹȻٴο
ԭΪԼĸǻһʵ۵ӣһ϶֮ˣڿȴԶˡ
뿪Ļʺ󣬺ܿ׷̫Ŀ¶ɻʵĸɿϸճѾݣ
̫̫ǲΪȻĵ˵ͷȻܴʲôĺϿǴڵġ
ĸһѾݵģŮһʩչʲôħ֪ͲӦϳϣʺŭ
̫̫̾һʺ󣺡缧ɱ̫ˣϾҲҵѵɱһӤչʳ֮£ȨѾǶ¼ȫգ˻ܷ첻ɣ
ǣĸֻͨͨҲͰˣһԺɳټŮԼ֧֣϶ǴܴΣڳԾ󻼣


869 עŮ
̫̫գþδ̬ƺһЩƣĿԶ΢΢ҡҡͷԺ飬Ժ˵ɣֻҪԺҪټһͿˣ죬ͽ乬ɣһҪס˺򣬾ȻҵĽڡ
ĸ󣿡
ôˣסȻǶ¼ҳŮˣͬҲҵϱѵûԹǲɣ
ʺһ㶣ȴæӦĸѵǣֶŮĲܣ
̫̫ûٻػʯǰС
ϣƱ㱻һֵŮӴߣȻһٶʮԸ⣬վûб̫ھףǱһΪƫƧԺ֮ڣһ쿪ʼҲͳƵ¼ҡ
Ƶĳûи󹬴ı䶯ҲûеҫΣƸ޴ӵֻ֪ȴǸûгֹЩʹޡ
һλĸףݹר⻹һʮСµСѾߣһСµͬ͵С̫࣬˸ֵʳͰæտơ
ĸ׵ιƣһЩΣϾѾǶʮˣɵĳ֮󣬲ӡ֤Ǿ仰̱
ԣƵĽܿʧˣҲĵ˳ľ⡣
ֻǣϾݹϿգһʮŮӵӰĿ·Դ͸䣬˯еƣ϶΢Ц
㡭ϣƸ㳤ŶܲȥҺ뱧ĵĿߵĸ
ĸȴҡҡͷǲҪȥǰļûȥǣ϶ӰԺģ
һԵȴĹĵһ㣬ΪβɱǸ缧ȻҪС
ǣҲĹĵӡ
Ҫȷ˼ƽ𣿲ң첻͸𣿲ǲ֣ǵǼӻЩż۷ĸ֣ĸҡͷ˵
һɵ֪̾һԲܲʣ
һȴ㷢˵ãС˵Զûյ㣬һжҽĹУҲģҲյ㣬СȫѪתԳɳΪȱĴڣǼ֤ӹ磡
˵绹иĿռ磿
㣬޴ӺζЩͻ˻ԪžľӦ޻֮ͬСһȴɱ񣬿ɻܣԺηǺεֻ֣ıԴյҲֻһ౾ԴһҵƽǱԴķǧ罫ǺεȽ֮⣬Ƿͬ߼ĿԷıԴС˵޺пܾǵߣ޴ڣ۵ʱεأܰ״ͻǷϣͻΣĸ̬Ļص
ŮĬˡ
ǻȥɣĸٲȻŮеĴŮҲǳء
Ůͷ˵Ƿ·С䣿С̫ˣ̫ļ䶼޷ء
޾磬ƿǧ磬̺ϢǺεӴ󣿾Ƕ޷ܣ˵СķˡңĳɳҪǵıͰĻûκˣҪǸǿתˣǾͼżֻתɣĻֱָۣȫļ䣬ﵽ߾ΪֹĸϲΪ졣
²ٻػֻֿһۣŮ뿪˻ʳϿգʧ֮С
Ůûпµķ˿׹һƮƮڵ棬һҸ֮ۡУٿСȥʱʹ࣬ϣ˳תСߣֻϧ̫С޷̫ļϢ
ͬʱķ˿ƺҲһСڡ

תգϣƱϴ֮󣬱װ̰˯ı۾˼顣
СºڴߣСֹš
ֻС˵֣ǵӺùӴ⼸죬޶ûпһҸճѾڵСˣңأ
ǰСҲͦģѾʺ乬СԺӦúѼԼĸˣҲ֪ᱻλֻϣ㳤ˣֻǵǸʱӦԼﶼ֪˭ˣʺҲѾ֮󣬾Բ飬˭˭ָƵӣ¶˼ֹذ
⻰׷ô£뻹ˣң޷Լ׼ȷķ



870 ֮
ĶԻԺҲĴƵĶȻҲ
ԭҾݵ۹Ȼǳͻϣʺ̫ҲϲǿˣħĻ̫ܵͻʺĻ¼ҲǺˡ
Ȼһԭ֪ݹĻʵ۾ȻգǰЩ꣬ʵżõһĹʹ˲£ûʹ̫ңʺУȻȥ˹Ĺʦȥˡ
Ȼûλȴûʺոʮ̫Ӵ˦ƹĻعǽѾûٻˡ
⻰ֻǱڻʹ֮ڣȥĻᶼûУȻлʼѪҲ϶ᵱˡ
һеһУһЩıĸо֪Լ޷עĿȵʹˣһչ¶ͷǣؽܵĴ
ǰҲһЩ磬оȴкܴĲͬرǺ֮У˳֮⣬һ㶼ǵš
һͬĸĸͽʮˣʮҲǻʺĶӣƴʮꡣ
޷ĸһ㣬ҲԼһЩжĲͬҲǻ̫̫Ϊ˷ֹλµĹأһĳһرϰ䣬Լɱ֮
ʮɻ֮ǰһ㶼ڻʹ棬ȵ뿪ʹ踮ۡʹͷأڷصĴСҪʵ۵ˡȻҪ̫ͻʺ
Ҳдϰ֮ˣǻʺ̫󣬶кǿˣǺ쾳磬ܲܽ죬Ҳö֪
֮⣬ǣȻֺǱȻг֮ˣˣǲʲôͷ𷨣Ҳ˽⣬߼˵ĿҲòǷϢֻܽǰ˵С˵ƾ
ҺȺԼĹʦһЩط͹ȴҲбƣʦʦ룬ȵȡЩ˶зģʲôǷҲû͵˵Ĺʦɱͷųǿ֮ҽβˣԾݹԾȽϼɵ
޹Ĺʦˣ˵Իӽ磬ͷǧնħ
⣬ܹңһЩ𷢱۵ġˡӵħһЩħǩԼΪʦݵأǺˡ
֮⣬֮£ܣƶԽڴ²ЩνĹʦӦö칦ˣһǸ֣Ҫڵǿ
ĸʱǻԪʼ֮ȡǴӴ֮ӦûиӦеҪԼͨϴ辭ĹתܵõˣҲͼࡣ
ʱţ֮оͶȹѰꡭ
ƱĹʱ䣬ϴ辭ͻһƿ̤˵ڶ󾳽磺Ĵٺ֮Ҳ˵۾ˡ
ۣۡۡۡۡҲǷҵ־硣
Ȼ̤żҲĸоԼԪȻǿ࣬ʮ֮⣬ӬȶǳȶƵжĻࡣ
ͻƣҲΪȻȻˮɣҲϷ𷨴Ȼ۵
ϴ辭ĵڶ󾳽磬ҪĸĸԪأ˳Ӧѭ״̬ٲ֣룬ʹǿŻʵı仯
򣬼ʹﵽ֮ǿ֮꣬Ҳʧȥ壬ͬһ
Ͽڴﵽڶ󾳽֮󣬱ɳ֮Ϊ֮ˣɵĻͻĽ뵽һľ磬磬ľ硣
󾳽磬Ҳ͵ҵ˺һڵ֮ͬǺ֮ѣģ޲ǵõɮһϵĵС
֣Ʋû⣬ԼѾϢȫë׷գԪգӣʯ󹬼ʹи֣ҲѸӦ
貨΢ѾСɣ͵ӵһűʹ󹬴ȥҲߵˣʵȥǱ乬еĸˣҲ顣
𷨣붼룬ΪԲķԣǰѧʽҲӦ
ǰĻģɺܳѧʽҲ൱ģһ˳ҲЩ֮١
ĹͱΪ׵ķֳͬѧʽȴѻֽޣͨãǿǴ˼ᾧ˼ǲֽ޵ģǽʮơһָȵȣ˵Ѿﵽѧķ롣
ϰ貨΢ϹװΪݱ䣬֮һЩ֮Ҳֻǿ
һ㣬Ժط֮ʵǺܶ࣬ȴսֻС˵͹żеʽӦˡ
Ǳڤ񹦣׹Ҳ칦ķ룬˷ҵľ󵨳ѧ䣬ԽתΪڤľ
˱ڤ񹦣Ϳձ˵Ĺһϴ辭һͬϰҸһȾ٣սҲȻ
ֻȴҲһЩǣ֪ⱱڤ񹦻᲻Լϴ辭ͻһ֮Լڵֽᷢεȱ仯ܼܲϴ辭
Ȼ֪ƾǰ鱾еݣЩѧ߷ѧ۶ǲʵֵģ֮Կʵ֣ȻŮĹ͡
ĻֻԺ֮УҲûƺ綼Ѿ
Ժеʯϣ°ֹͣ
Ҳ֪ױʹôһһҲǳ鷳ҵףҾͿԴڸһЩˣĻԺҲԱڤʱˣΪʹɣҲҲȥգ칦øǿʡ
书ʽѡ̫ɣṦѡʲôأ貨΢̫ڷӣû̵ǲɵģҶϰСɣ䵱ݲѧӦü򵥵Ķ࣬ЩҶᣬʱúõǰѧˣߵӾѾ߻ڲأҪڵĻҲҪúõ
ȻûмȴѾʼĥԺļƻˡ
ɴҲ֮ܿĸźĸġ
ذ˫һ̶ǡ

ҹ٣Ѿһ˯˫ڴ֮ϣ붨ɵͯӣڽɫУֻоӯޱȣֱֵ˶˯֮ŻĵĴ򿪴ССƾèһԾԺ֮С
̧ͷ˿ɵǽͷѾһ׸ߵƣ˫ż͵һ棬ϢڿնƮƮԽΧǽٴһʧ
ʹ貨΢ȫϢ㿪ʼں֮пٵҸ䵥̫֮ƾ䱳󷢶˹ֱӽΣòƥ˫ĿϣȻû˵ĵطʡ
ַҲΪʵãܿͱƳڵĵطֽ̫֮෵ԭأ̫˵Σҽһ֪ʺΪĻҲͬѻʺֻһ
οǣĵطηһͨԺ䣬ҲûЩ书˿ء
׵Ժǽ֮ڣƿţ֮Уһյ͵ƺƵĸͷҲպú˯Ĵһߣһ˫СְŴأ˫գ̽ͷ˯е
δ࣬ⲢӰ
ϣҪ˵һ壬ǱصĳڳϣƸŴĸ׵Ĵ󲿷ŵ㡣
ֻǴʱǾµĹϴŵǳ
ȻƾͷĶͷҡϵĺţƣƣơ
һƵıӾһᣬ˳֪ʹ֮ҲԼæϴ齣ץסֱۣ


871 
ˣ۾֮¶𾪵ɫ
ƣ
ƣƣһЩԼ۾ƺΪС
ѽ㿴ͷͷһɫģɫģץԼķ˿˵
ƣ㣡ŽƱ˻У鼤¡
ޣԺƻᾭģ
ﻹֻǱƿ޸ͣ
ôֿˣ
ȻŮǣǿһӿʱȴסˡ
ŮҲѾߣԸͬһ乬֮ࡣ
ŮĵҲ˹ŸǰʵҲϵĴƣС֣̲סٴνƱ˻С
ǺȻһſƣƣôģǱҵ𣿡
⿴˿ִʱҹ
һ͵͵ģЩ˶ˣΪҺ׷ֿҾͻǣŲᣬԴʱҾѾסˣģԺҳˣһȥ
ˣ֪òǰһУ´ãĸģرɫͷǰȷȷʵʵԼĶӡ
ҵĺӣˮٴλգҲͣƣƵдЦ
һʱ䣬޷ĵļ飬Ҳ޷κ
Ҳĸ׵۰޲ڻĸطʱ̡
˷֮ͺƣȥһ˷ˣΣˣ
͵͵ģģû˷ֵģ۹ˣҾͻȥǶ˯ˣ
ѾƵĿɰѾģٴνƽı˻

һҹȥ֮޷˯ԼΣҪ߻ѾΪ֤»ĺӣʹ˵ȥҲš

պļգÿ춼̸ģһЩ޷ֺСѯʵ⣬ȴ֪ͨ
飬Ҳ˽һЩĹȻŮӣʦҲŮӣ˵һŮӵĹңŮҪˣܴʥõͣӶϺӣιСŮ
ҲĹΪֻһûʸ񣬾˵£Ҳڳ
ȻҲֻǸ˵ˣΪҲû˭Խ۷ģʹǹ͹ʦûС
ҲûڹԣҲͽ칦ڸ
һҹٴڵԺӡ
ƣôˣΪﲻ˵ԺҪôڣһ˷ֿɾͺ㣡ƵͷһЩ۵ѵ
ߵѾߣСݺСҲѾӦڲͬСӣŵ½䱸š
ٺ٣ԺҿԲôڣҪӦһ飡
ʲô飿
ҽһ׽ʲôʱѧˣҾʲôʱ׵Ҫ

ѽС˰Ľһľݸ
ƣĹ˭ģΪʲôô죿Ϊ㣬ʹˣҲҪСģ̫Ĺɲ⣬֮͢Удĸ֡ǵ
ףİɣЩһ㶼һЩҪĵطȫɣʽϳɵģ㽣̽
ʼʱٶȲ˹죬ҪŪ嶯·ߣԺɼӿٶȡ
Լ̫˽Ⲣ̣ϴ辭Ѿﵽڶ󾳽磬Ҳȳ˸ӴԣѧϰȻǳɡ
죬Ʋĸ׽ͬ乬֮׫д˼ṦҲڸ
ڸѾͷŮľȫס
⣬ͨ䣬ͱадˣ֮ҪŪ׹Ϊ乬ȻƫƧȴŲ⵽˵ע⡣
ر𾭳ҹԺ֮ʱˣᱻ˷֣Ҫ˶ãпܻᱻеĳһλûĻߣΪ˵ļӡ
ԣƿҲʱԼˡ
ͱа̫ĹԵĻƲ⽫еһһֱԼǸСӣС£ŪһŮľҲ
ֻҪٶ༸֣ԼİȫҲֻ࣬ڻȷСºСԸԸصĸԼ˱ڤ񹦣׵Ľ˿ơ
̣̰ûԱǰҪװȥҵȻС첲Сȵģúöܳ󣬼ʹԼߣҲð׾߲У



872 
һգֵõһ̫ĴѶҴҵ뿪Ժ䡣
ڵõѣЦľ˵СµĻ
ѾȥСҲѾʮˣͤͤȻҲƯսӯģʱֱˮ
رֶһԺסְСӣʱСϴʱ򶼲ơ
С»еƻСץץһץҪʹСһЦЦСӣҪˣҾͲˣ
ãҲ֣СҪԼȥ棬ڶˣΪʲôǻÿң뿪Ժӣƿô˵ͷȴŹ򣬻ƤСµ·档
ůػֻһ㱡ĨأС»һҲͬԸܵеΰΪƻ̫СԭûиоʲôӦֻ˵ĺ档
֣ٲִˣôˣųԣûˮСɫһЩεĽЦ
뵽˼ң֮͢УһӹӶǵʱỴ̂ץסزţΪˡ
Դǰٳֵ֮ȴСµĻںŮΪĵطʱ˯ʱ򣬻ҪץŲš
С²Ӧö֮Ҳˣһµޡ
ƴ񫣬ʱ룬Ϊһĸױ乬ԸôڻʹһӣǰŮѶǳѡ
֮Ůƣʻ۲ݵժֻҪȵ֮󣬸ΪŮѷʹȥҲܻҺ󹬡
һκε˶ĳҲһ鲻Խĵطرʳϻġޡ
ôһСڳܲסĵ˵ͷ
Լıó֮ʱȻһѼӵ˼ݵ
һɰСŵòᣬæƷ˵ϣٵ·ϥ򵹣μ
Ʋû¹򣬶Ƕ֮ˣΪ׵λŮӣҲʮ˾ӣ΢ɴˮ岨ΣͷбűΣ㽿ۣޱȻһһЦĻꡣ
˵Ů÷ǳ
ͨƺҲ׶ԷݣݹĻʹ֮У̫ȻһʺΣǹˡ
ˣ˵Ůն£ڹеĵλߡ
Ʒ֮ʣ֣裩ӰѾӺ֣Ƶǰ˵ƣ
üͷһ壬ѵͷȢһ
ܿͽƲһˣҲӦԼ̸¶ˣԣ㼱æ˵ף
˼ˣɵЦһΪС˵ģҲǵҲһϲæȥͽƱ˻ЦԺҾ֪𣿡
ţƺĵ˵ͷ
˵Ƥһ̣Ȼ͸о˵ڴĺ⣬ֺͨ˲ܸӦѾ쾳ȴԣӦڹֻƻ޷϶˵ľ徳硣
ֵǣƺǸδŮӵгǿ֪Ҿں󹬵ԲŪϵų
ɣǸϼһѵûа˸㶨Ĵ˰벻֮оȻ˻ʺ̫󣬻ظˣѵսȻʵ̽̽Ʊֻɵɵӣ֮ȴһЦ
ֻ˫ۺȻӶ˵ļŲװҪƿ˵ӣһ˫ֺС־Ͱ˶·¡ĵط
ʱĶˣųİɫѣ¶һɫĨأǷǳıġ
ѽСɫǣ뵽ƾȻôһ֣ȻСֲ󣬻ֺĿɰȴСһ˲һƸӳȥ
Ҳһʧ˲䣬ƶȻţһɱɱһеƾ͸оһ䵽ıʹҲһĻš
ǣ˷ӦҲޱȣһ˲ֽڡ
Ӧûûдﵽľ磬Ҳֻһĸ֣Բ˵й˰
ȴǼʱͯ˵ףѾˣ
һ仰ƼֱۣƵı⣬Ϊ˭ԿֻҪӶ˵Բƶ˵ġ


873 ޱ
ԣǵСƳˣջԲһո޻뷨֮ǣС֣ЦƣߣԺǻطס
˵ţʹȥȴæ˵ףܲܰСºСҲţϲһ棡
΢ԥһ£ջǵ˵ͷСԺԼ㣬СӿɲȥסǹĹأ
Ŷģɵĵ˵ͷ̫ǲܺͻסһġ
֮ûҪ֣ΪҲɷ򡢶ӵˣƼߣһп޷صԼ˵ߣѾչ꣬ȻС
һ쿪ʼҲͳ˶˵Ķӣס
Ҫ֮ǰסСԺĶ࣬ĺԺŹʮ߰˸Ů
һʸӵô๬ŮźɴˣҲԿ˵ĵλӦҲͣӦúʵ
ƺΪ͹Ƶĸ֮飬ټƻСһҹ˾Ȼסһķֻһǽ֮
ƺǹɵ˯£ǵȵҹٵʱƺȻһΪ˶˷䴫һҵ
ܿͰĸ֪׵̽鵽ӱ˽ҡ
ѵǻϣϼһȻˣǼһﲻǰǲҲǶΪʲôûĺ֪һҹ׻ʲô
ưһҲһҲûнǸϵԼӣһʱ֮ӵĴϢ֪ڸʲô
ѵϷϳˣ԰Ϊʲôûж˵ĺ
ͷɻš
ɣĽľƵģȻڶڵķһҵһСףСױȽϸߣְһӷڴϣһɵȴһ
ΪʱĶȻһЩңû̫ڱ¶һڴϣϵĽһַĩ״ĶһӵϣǷĩͬһŷۺȴԻһıűҴš
ɣͷӱԻˣ԰ͷôô᣿һ￴Ӷʮ꣬˭أѵǹеĸӣĥ
ǺȻ䣬˵ɫһ䣬ٺһ˭
ˣΪ˷Լæһͷ
ʲôˣٴһƮɶ˳ƹ·ҲɴʷҴһֻ࣬ɫ䣬¶ɢĺ
Ĺ˰ҿǸյءһӬӴ⴫Ҳ򿪣һӰ뷿䣬ҲٴιرգһҹµŮӳ˶˵ǰ
Ůֻ¶ֻ۾Ŀ֮дЩЦƺûﵱɻʹ
ԭ֮Ӵûд㣿ɴ￴һۣٴЦ
ˮ˵ɣһк£
״ô㣬˵Ӵ㶼ôˣȻֻһˣǣ˵ʺˣ㲻еĻ״˿ɾͻҲͽеӴŮЦ֮ʱһϡ
գҲһЦѽ֮󣬿ɾҪһĸˣ
Ůգʱݺݵĵ˶һۡ
˼Ҳ֪Ǹʵ۳Ҳ󹬣żһλҲᵽʮѾ꣬ȴҲֻǼ棬ܵˣѾ㲻ˣ
ⴲϵ˭
ӣԻͣ
ŮӶʱסˣ³һ֣㣿
ҾҪͨĿģҪȻǰװ˷˼ʱ⣿ȻûλȴѾȨԻͣܽץסԺҲ׵Ķ࣡
ǣ֮Ͳܣʺ̫಻ɳӣ
ҵȻ֪Ҫ滹ǸϲĻ̫ӣԸԳˣҪ⹷̫Ȼףȴױ˿⣬ĹʦҲʡ͵ƣѾˣø׷ľǣ
һ£ԺһͨͨƣһӦǵúãʵ̫˷ѣҴԻɢʡŵã
Ůӻָɫһ棬ȡһ̻ҶСƿϡ
׻˵ҲҪ̫żǵļƻŸոտʼһȽΪȰƵ󣬱ԼڹҲһЩԼպҲӦϣʵڲУҲԸƵǻܻʵۣһЩǶ¼ҳ׵մȨɱ١˭нȺ޷Ǻú֮¡ԼҲˡ㣬ˣСģ


874 
ŮԱϣһֱۣԶ򿪣ŮƮȻȥʧ˺ҹ֮С
Ŵ⣬ȴ̾һˣŻҼ빬аɣһŮӣһ˻ʵ۵Ĺ⣬᲻ΪԼĺ룿ҲͲȫΪˡں󹬣ļȨ磬ûкӣȥǵĺ֮ǣл

¼Ҳ򵥰һԽõĹ򶼷ǳ˵ãǺŮӵṦȻҵ貨΢Ĺȴǳĳɫĸ˻治٣ԺҪСΪˣ벻˾Ȼ̫͵飬̫ҲզأͲıʺ̫֪Ѿ뱻ѵƣвϵֹš
ڸղǺŮӽʱƸӦ֮мŮޱȵԺ֮еİӰſڿŵģԼʮ˶кĹ׵ġ
ӦöǶ˽ʱʹġԹԣҰС´뻢𣿱˵ܴ򣬾ǴҲһСľͻᱻЩŮ֡¼ҲȥҪЮװɣڸ˵Ķ֣취֪ͨ׼У
һҹ飬ҲһЩǣֱΪ飬ڵǸСԺжҲˡ
˵ǳ⣬ҲȽϻﲻã˷ѣ֮壬ҪڤӦòѰɣǲ֪ܲպĺ
ڤ㣬Ϊ֮󣬲֪伸ǧҲڤµڤ󺣣̺˹ֺ֮⣬Ҳ񹦵Ŀɣҵϴ辭϶ΪһôҵΪһԿٵ
ѾʼԺ֮еļ䣬뱱ڤ񹦵ĵεˡ
ԪͥѨΪ֮ԴȪ֮ҿԽۼϸ֮ͥҲϵպȻҲü۾Ӧֳǰ㣬ü롣
ڤµڤ֮ޱߣȫԴ㹻֮ˮڤڴˡ
ˮԪڻ߸ͻӦÿศɣϴ辭ͱڤ񹦾Ϳͬʱˣպȴֿ칦ҵе֮ڣϵԪ֮𣬽µ֮ˮ˫ޣҹȫ
ʱѾЩ䣬ѧɵ˼뷶ˣʵˣΪɣ٣ͷһǰлϣҵĵλΪͻ
Ѿ֮ĵӣȫͨѿҲȽǿϰڤ񹦲ʲô֮¡
һ£޷ոڤ񹦶˵ʱû̫ãƾۣûи߰ʮǺɾ͵ģҪսҪϴ辭
ڶ𴲣ԺиСˣԻ̫ҲѾ˲֪뿪
Ƶ֮¶΢Цԣȥ̫ͻʺ밲ˣ
ףԺҿԵ𣿡ƴıʵ
ȻԣֻھԶҪţ֪𣡡

˶˵仰Ҳ˷࣬ں治͵͵ˣȻ乬ĵط޷׽롣
С£ҳȥ棡˵ţС뿪˾
һ·СܣһƬС԰֮ЦС£׽ԲأתȥһȻң
СµҲûзԣתǵת֮󣬾ͷѾˣԾѰ
֪ʹ貨΢ޱȵ乬
һ·֮ϣߵĶƫƧ֮أżһЩ̫๬ŮƵٶȣǸֲˣʹ棬ҲֻܿһĲӰ
ƽ˵ļƻȫĸ֪֮Ҳһ
ô˵Ƕ˵书ҲǳĸˣƣһҪСģΪôҪؼ㣬һҪԼ֪𣿡
ƱڻУ⼸ҲɻΪ̫ڲͬˣʹйع飬ȴûлش
ƶô㣬Ͼֻһޣۣܲ
㲻õңȻ̫˴ܣǣҲɱңô죿Ҳ֪¼һʲôҾԴӦҪȥܰȳȥͲҪӦв㣬Ҳϵڿ᲻ɱңһˣоͻᶪʧһöӣȳȥ֮ǾͰҶѰһЩĺͯ⼸ŪһЩ书ؼǣǰҺúõҳˣǵĹҲһǳʱͿΪˡ


875 ļ
ĿԾǳȥǾȡ
ӦÿԣҲôƻģֻҪ͵Ϊǰ£˵׷ؾ壬ȥ˵¼¼ӦҪþԸʦļң׼ʹӦҲҪܵϣҴ׵书ٸһЩٳȥ
գһĺͯ˵Ļ
ƣͷİɣΪ֪ôΪһ飡üͷ
˵
ܲܲҪĸʣ
ʲôΪʲôҪҶûмûи飬̸Ϻ޺ϲѵﵽڻϲϣп㣿Ѿ乬Ѿڱϣͻûйϵˣ
ɫȻĵ˵ͷȥһΣֻһˣ˵乬֮УҪù棬ȥԭΪ㣬ļҵĲɣңͶԳ֮ˣһ䣬󹬡ãʵģǸļ壡Ϊ֮ԻסլԺûܷĹΣ߻ŮչˣҲ㸸ʵĹ֪ͣ𣿡
Ƶ˵ͷô˵Ҳûôˣʺ̫ʲôϵ
ʺֶ̫Ů
ԭˣô˵ļڳ֮͢еӦҲǳǿˣ̫ӦҲļˣ
ţļϽžݵ۹һϵľӣļҲǾݹʵһʳǺͺ󹬣Ҳļ˰ѳ֣ңڶǵ֮УҲʳǧƣ
ŶôһЩ죬ܿɻʵ֮»
ݹ꣬־ݣÿһݶһֻоŸžݹĿأҲͶˣСһļʵһλϽҲ㣡
ԭôһ£СģҪ˼գǶӦþͻ㣬㵽ʱȲҪڴӦȻȥˣ
˵ͷСһ㣡
׷ģʹ֮Уһûз˭˵գһӰʧǰ
СߵʱҲ̶̵ֻʮӣС¸޴ӻɡ
С£ҲìţҪҪС¹أĻͺױ˻ɣСҲëӰɣҪܴﵽľͺˣ˯֮У磬ͿС˯֮ʱֱӽԺ֮ˣڣȣаͷ̾ǧ
С¼ˣɵ㶵ӣʲô
ûʲôߣؼңСµ֣ȥ
ʱǴůļڣʯ̳ɵĵ·ԣԲľ仹ż㻨Ȼš
ĬĬǰУȻǰһȺŮӣΪ׵λŮӣԵø߹ͷĽΣһۻҵĸо̬ӯѩʹԼʮӺݸ߹֮ʮ㡣
ԣżư׷װĸˣԴɧһȺŮ̫ࡣ
һϳΪ׵Ĺ˱ǻʺ
С¼æõ·ߣڵأͷԷӡ
ȴɰͷŶԷоĻʺҲȽϻ񣬾Ƕˣֻߵͬˣһ̹ǣһס
˾һʱ򣬾ЦЦĿ
ֻһŮǸ߹˵㣬ӦǸŮ˵ĺӰɣĻ񣬿һͷ̷֪ˣҲȻǸ治֪̫ΪʲôȻǶ
ǹɫһ䣺ԺҪ˵̫ľ۵ģǶ˵Ķӣǹͬĺӣ޾Ȼôûò˱λ񣿡
仰һͱˣͼƵĿ⣬Ҳ
СŵüæסƵС֣ʾ¹򣬶иǼˡˡСӣʺ밲
ŷӦȴ쿪һ˫Сı۰ʺµĸ󣬱ĸ󣬱
ŶƵķӦƺܳʺԤϣԵ΢Ծ
ߵһŮȴѵ˻ʺ󣬻¹򣿾Ȼ£ʲô
㶣˫ɰĴ۾ɻС¾˵֮еӹǻʺĶŮҲǻʺĶӣһҪʺĻҲһҪТʺѻʺﵱԼѵƭ𣿡
˵գƻƵĵͷȥίӡ
ͯ˶סˡ
ǻʺգɫչһЦС£С£


876 
ػʺĻŮС£Сɹڵϣɫη壬Ҳ΢΢š
İɣĻʺ΢Цķʡ
ǣС»ص
ܺãλʺѾƵƨĵʮȻҪֳĸµ̬ȣȥͽƱ˻УЦƣûƭ㣬˵ĻģǱĶӣԶҪס֪ԺԽĸԺ˭Ҷ㲻ãԸĸң
ţƺݺݵĵ˵ͷȴְС죬Ŀȴ˻ʺǰС־Ȼɵİ棬һ΢
ƵһʹûʺһƿƣƵĻѾʱĸҶԣ

йŮ̫࣬ʺԵŮ
ʺ˵ǸҲ죬Ҳװûп飬ʹҲֻװû
ʺε飬һʱ侹ȻҲ֪Ǻãոջڱֵĸµ̬׿ڱƵĸףѵƸˣ
ңҲԲƹģΪĺӳԡ̡Ǻ顣
ԣֻǿΣһЩЦݣǿнƷ˵ϣµ˵С£ӻȥԷ
ӣĸԺҿԺӹһ𣿡
Ȼԣȥɣ

Żʺ˵ıӰƵ֮ڸֳһ˿Цݣʺ仰Ҫȶ˵ĻʹĶ࣬ԺԼ׵ںκεطˣҲܵһЩŮ̫࣬ҲΪķ㣬ڣֻھ
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ƾĴС³׽Բأöݵʱĸ׻ͣΪҹǳˣֻܲϵַ
һ׽ԲʮεģۼƵʱҲ٣֮±ھ
СݺСŮҲһµʱȫһ飬ӵµѨλȫͨȻⲢһҹ֮ӵиȴԴǵʱ䡣
ڼ䣬Ҳ֪ҹǱ乬ĸ̸һЩ飬еǣ˾Ȼؾ֮󣬽֮еʥҩ䷽͵
ҲǾΪصĵҩֻҪصƣҲܿ
˳ֵҩٿӳʮ꣬һԵУֵҩֲս˲㡣
Ĵȴǣܡ
Ϊ䷽ֻоĹʦ֪Ҳֻйʦó
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˵ʱ޷֪Ҳ޷ƣһĶֵأǲŹġ
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ѽ⹬ŮͷһֻоһִδйȫȻǺӣҲδŮǸطΪУߵüæҪƿơ
ȴĽסȥңƵıɳԹ


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Ҳ֪˼װæµ֮УȴΪղŵ͵͵ЦĸơҡĹŮԺвϵĻղƵСԼĸо΢һ룬ٴδһ󴥵ĸо

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䣬һλֱεڵأһλȴæͷʺԩԸԶǣȥ֮أԶ̤ݰ벽һƽ񣬻̫ͻʺ׼
λЩԽƺҲ̫ͻʺ˼
ǻʺգȴЦõǺܵǺǺǡǱȴԸ⣬ʶҲѲ˸ϵˣϳȥɱ
һƬȻ;š


882 Ѫɺ
δȾĸϳȥһ˺ȻվȾܣ˿ȥԭǰ˻ӡ
ֻԺѾΧ󹬴ڽ״̬λ˻ӸոܳԺ䣬һۡʿ˳鵶˹ȥ
ˣ

Ѫ
˻ӵĸ׾һȴ̱ڵأԲѡ
ΣֻЩԴӺǵĸ£һֱ൱ڿЦƵͷҲһѲļҵҪĿŵ췴ɱ⣿ҲҪŵù
߻ĸЦ˵˼ǺǣĪƣ缧ǺôҪҵѪȫɱҪˣǲǣеģӦһҲ˰ɣļȻôĿŵ췴رҲѾǼӺ˰ɣȻҪɱҪҽڣʲô̫ӱ˶ΪúݵģȻԼĶӶɱ缧ϲҲһ¿Ķӣǿ
仰ʹĻʺ̫ɫɷף缧ٺȵҪ˵ҶǱλ˸ģϳȥɱ
缧ھĻȪ㣬㲻ұ㲻ֻһҪҵ㣬
Ůֹܿͣ߻ӦǺʹ࣬ڻ˯֮оͱ˿ͷ
ţӹейŮ̫࣬Ҳȫնɱˡ
鹬ǰѪɹѪԺ䣬ʹһŻ
ߴ½ʧǲ˻ȴ˵лص
ֱʱҲֵ֮ҵĲпᣬȻʷ鼮Ҳ֪ÿһ棬ڷǱϾּء
գһлķǰԼҲпܳΪȨƷ֮ʱŲǶôĿ£ȻѾ񹦻壬Ҳ޷еĿ־塣
־ﵽʱƺȻһǰȥŮɱĳ嶯գǿˡ
Ϊ֪ڵԼδɣŮԻڼҸֺ;ȻǽŮɱˣΣԼӳȥ
ǼȻڹɱ¾ǿ϶кܴıϣʹҲȻӲҲ϶ھȷѪϴļҳô꣬ض˸Ӧ֮ߡ
߰λӶѾɱǹѾɻλӿ϶ҲӶˣڹȻиۡطзأʺȴ˹涨뿪ʳǣôҲ͵ڽļļ֮¡
λӵס檣ѾˣҲȻҪһͬɱ
ѵǸʵѾļҸˣˣǹʦҲļҵˣߣʦҲļɱˣаͬʱֻĵͷȥ
鹬һƽ缧ĿٴɨǰŵӵĹ
ƾͷֶ˱ҪƽĶ࣬û˿η壬ȻҲǹţȴ۾ˡ
ԼĶӲ۰ѵһ㶼ұŸɱˣңҲõԼɣָͷװµڶ˵ԡ
ǰ֮ȴ۵һ
ƵһһʯȻǾ֮ƽĺγ˾޴˻˵ļ䡣
ǻʹСһλӣ꣬ôһޣȻ˵Ŀ⣬ȴҲһͷλͲҲ۵һ
鹬һƬޱȡ
ƺҲûԤϵһæ˻Уߵͷģ̫ˡʺˡ
ߣʺһٴοڣȴ̫˵֮£Ϊֹ˶úõĹţΪ̫飬ˣƣ
̫󣡡˼æͷ
ʺƺɻĿ絶Ķ˶˺ڿһۣ̫뿪鹬
⣬Ѫ˱ǣֻһʬߣˮˢ档
Ƹ̫ͻʺһ͢Сǰȥһ·֮ϣ˶û˵
ܿ죬Ǿͽ̫޹̩͹
յ˴̫Ƶ·Ƶԡ
һ㶡
̫һΪʵ۸°ɣ
ǣ̫ǣĴָƣȥ
ĸǣ˸ɻ
һðƣһͬȥʥܰٹٵĳݣӽ쿪ʼƾҾݵ۹
̫󣿡𾪣Ŀɨ˻ʺ缧
缧ĮĿɨ˶һۣû
̫Ī˵ӽ쿪ʼͺ缧һΪ̫ϳƶ̫󣬱̫̫󣡻л
ɫһţæڵأлĸ󣬰ݼ̫̫󣡡


883 µ۵ǻ
ݻ˰꣬ݻʵ۽ӴľʥϰλԱ˴֮Ул꣡
ƶ֮ϣۣͷŵʮʵڣڵ۵գĴĴָȻѾΪ̫̫Īƶѵ⣬ɸĲë˫֮ηĶ·
ĪȻҲߡ
ûĪƴΪش𣺡ƽɣ
л̫̫󣡡

Ȼλ»ʵǻȻ»ʹףһ֮ͬϣ֮£ԺةҴΪ
ĪƵĻ䣬Ϊ׵һλ̤߱ǰһ񣺡ּ
¹򣿡аҲ֪ϼһӦþļڳõĴˡ
ɫνĹװٺڰ䣬Ͻͷ޹ñķɫΣһƺں룬Ͷ䣬һֲŭĸо
˵Ĳ䲻䣬װҪΪ⣬Ϊ˵ȣǴɫ£ͷкɫĹᡣ
ԾǣĸӦ֮£ϼһϣȻԼԼһЩߵϢʹûȫĴﵽ죬ҲǺ춥ˣʱͻƵĿܣΪѾ̤ż
ʹѾɵСӣһϼһĶ֣ڵĶԴɾͲ˵ˣСӾԿɱˣǿɲһĹ
ɨˣƾȻٴһΪٶУȻһ˵Ϊߣ˾վеλƾֻǿѾȫ̤쾳磬ֻϢϻƣɴҲܿΪơ
Ĵ֪ɱԷΪ߹ɣԲ룬ĿŨü˵ҲٽҲҪةСĶ࣬ԲʮȻ粻ƣȴҪۺ񣬱Ͼڻ̫С
һ˭һԱҿҵľ糬˴ˣҪȻ˵һܸӦʵĲͬǸʱǾҪ⵽֣֮ƵͷҲһ̾
̾ǧʱةһ̫̫һνҳӣͼ´󹦣Ϊͼ빦
㱾Ȼ֪ͼּɣ
Īƻ䣬ղűƸ̾Աಽǰʩ
ɣһҲļˣյģô˶ļˣм
ĽҾ·챦󽫾Ϊ֮ףͳ˧ݻʳоӣʳǰȫ
л̫̫󣡡ͼɤޱȣ˵ĳֱ죬ȴа
ֽ̫̫»ʵǻӦʥ̫̫Ϊְּ
ةˣ
ּةõ仰֮˫֮Ҳ¶Ц⡣
Цݣƿ֮󣬲ŻȻԼʵ۵ļֵӦþΪļ彫ݳǰɣ
ЩһݳǣܻȥĿɾˣļûֱȡϻ壬Ҳϡ
Ϊһļ˵ʵۣؽѣڶΪÿһпɶһӵģļȻվݰӣҪͳһ£Ҳôס
ԼСʵۣϻµ۵ǻټȻһ򾡣ȰЧҲ͸ߵĶˡ
һļ壡Ʊŵηɫ

һٳʼնû˵һ仰ԭʵҲǵúͿ
֮ǰԭΪ¼˻취Ըļ壬Լܻʵۣû뵽ļˡ
⼸꣬Ҳͨд֪ھݹ֮У¼ǽļֻǶ¼ǿڳ֮⣬УļһҲǳĴر
ļԼʵۣһ˷Ϊ̫ȻҲ£¼Ұִ
˳֮ƾͱĪƴ˻ʵƽհ칫Ϣ͹û˾סһ
Ȼ֪Ѿߺ̫࣬Ҳ϶̫ͻʺˡ
һ쿪ʼƾûϹ͢СҲҪȥǶĪΰŵģͲö֪ˣŻȨĻʥӡߡÿ춼һЩ̫͹Ůˣ
УȴС洫һ˵ϢǾļҰѳֳҪµ۵Ļᣬɱ켺


884 
ļҪɱһϢھݹĸ֮Ȼ󲨣׷׶ļǴ𣬸һЩԴǹڼҵģҪةһл̫̫̫Һ󹬡
һ»䣬һһѾ˶ҰģᣬȻ໥ĽˣһͬԿļΪ
Զ޹ļȶܸһ
Ϊֱӣ˾ݹľڣҪݹǵĹ
һڣҲһϣļȻʹ˰ݣƾбʼսʼ
·ʱ٣ݣټⲿļȻʵۺȴƽ¡
ƾϡͿڶ¼ƿ֮У˰ĻʵۣһֻγҶʱ򣬽ܰٹٳݣ꣬ϳˡ
ԼһЩļҾȻԼôĻʵۡ
ġѾپںˣǴ£˶֪ڵľݻʵ۲ֻһҵķǸɵӣʮȻڳԴĴָҪ̡
ʵҲͦԩģЩŮʵǻ֮󣬾ѾûٳˣֻǱЩŮˡ
񼴽ӭʮգվݻɷʮǳˣʵۻ߻ӶҪѡ
һգƶԺжУ̫缧̤ߣһѵŮ
Ů󣬿Ҳʮ꣬ȴ׼Ķ쵰Ƥϸѩ㾱ͷϲûκΣͷ㷢һԺ紵ǰƷ˿գĺѣǲӮһյ֫Ե崿֮дżֽޡ
ֻˮ˫֮УȴȻĹ°ޱ飬ƺǰ·ǳһ㡣
ȴ·ûпһ㣬ɶڵ϶Уֻڿһĸ
ƣҪˣΪһ˸㿴缧Ƶֱۣ
ŶһЩĿűһŮߵС
ѾˣѾɻʱˣ֪֪
ҡҡͷĿմĻصΪʲôҪɻ飿
ƺƵĻûг缧Ԥϣ΢΢һЦ㿴λϲϲ
ŽĿ缧ԵĺŮӵϣɫĳɵЦˮ˳
ϲ𣿡
ϡ³֣ʵ˵ϲֻǷ׼ȷСװſڳݲ塣
ϲͺãɻ֮Ϳһˣ֪𣿡
һ𣿡㶣ȴܿҡҡͷҪҪ
Ϊʲô
С̡𣿡˵䣬ĿҲŮǰأֲô顣
ʻԭͲ˪ĺŮɫ΢죬齿ŭһţŭɵӣ˭ɻ飿
˵գŮȻŤͷȥ
缧ˣɿƣת׷˳ȥֱſڣŽǺŮ׷ϣץסŮֱֻۣͷ˿ƺܣòûĻ˵飬㲻Ҫ£ùø˵˶ٱ飿ڻǷʱ֪𣿡
ùãҾǲ뿴ɵӣҲǻɵӸʲôүүΪʲôֱӳƵֽۣ£˭Һļԣ
飬㻹С㲢֪үүΪʲôôûƵϻϾѾͳ˾ݰ˰ٶ꣬ľһһϦܸı䣬ңǻʶҹʦȻɱǻ·ɺ;Ŷȴʧˣ·ɲŶ飬үүбĽᣬѾ¶˾ģգλǵǻ
үүӦõǻˣڸҲѾΪսѾûˣʹ·ɻţҲûʲôã֮ϣҲүүͲ˵㣿ɵǻȥҡ
ڻɱȻŮĶӣȴֻ֪Ƕ̫ӣļҪƽ£ʱҪ¼ҵ֧֣ңɵڣпܻ֪·ɵ䣬ؾŶλ֮ǻὫͳʹסڶ㣬߼𣡡

缧̾һ飬㿴ӣʹ޸ܰôֻз֮з֮ʵֻѾ꣬Ҫɻ飬үүҲÿڵǻʱҲԼһЩǻ֤ļĻ֮ģһȶ֮ȻһңʹļҲжǶ¼ҲôģҲѾ׼ѡ¼ͱҪڶ¼ѡһŮӣ޸Ϊˣ


885 
ΪʲôŮȻһЩԾ
ΪƵߣܸõļһһ¼ҲͨƲѯŶ䣬ļѵõţпܻΪ֣ʹ¼˼޸ߣҲģ¼ҳᷭ㲻̫õģȽ˶¼ң·ɳ֣Ŷܲҵ㶼ɵģҲʱúȡﵽ쾳磬ʱүүͻȥǬУ
Ůͷ˼ã¿ڣùãǾŶʲôܣ
Ҳҿ϶޹ʥŶɹʦܣҲֻϻÿһʵۣʸ֪֪ܣѾ˰ٶ꣬صĶ϶ô򵥣ʹûܣǾŶҲǻȨЩѾҪˣȥɣ
ŮڳĬƵǰſˮɵЦŶ顣
Ʋһۣ㽫ͷŤһߡ
̫缧Ц£ߣһȥϳ㽫λøة࣬ԺͿˣʲôͳʲô
𣿺ҮҮڿɲԣƿˮֱ
ԣֻܵȵǳɻ֮󣬺ˣΪߣ̫˵ţʹ˸ɫתԺȥ
δţ̫ҲǵĶ˾ȻżŮ
ڶ˵ߣҲһǹŮŮӣŮһɫѣһһ˫ƺַ飬촦¶ѩ׵ľ;µǣر¡𣬸֣ƺʱضҪĳһ㣬ûκӵĿ⡣
ƺܻĿⶢŮӵǰˮѾǷ𾪵ĸ̾ô󡢺ðף
ŮȻΪҲǳĳ죬ȴһЩɬΪױԵʣڲصıȽһЩͨ˸Ϳ
̫缧Ȼע⵽ŮӣܿĿ·˶˵ϣЦһãôˣ
Ҳ΢Ц㣬Ҳרµģ˳ҲΪһ£
缧գûбֳɫٴЦӴãǽͬģҸողΪ¶һأ֪ҪܵǺأ
ˣĶ̫󣿡˵Ц䣬ߵŮӵ󣬽缧ǰ
Ķ̫󣡡ĶŮ缧˹
ȫӦýжĶɣϿԼˣ缧Ҳûд󣬼æĶ
л̫󣡡Ķվ
ĿϣǰһŮޣѵǽΪѡ𣿡
۹⣬飬̫󣡡缧ץסӣǰ
˫ֿ֮һŶĶǰ£ϲ𣿡
ϡɫ¶˼ľϲĿֱĶŮӡ
Ҳߣæϥͷһ񣺡Ķ£
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Ƶ۹˲ֱضŶ˵ѩ֮˿ˮ
˼Ƴԣе⣬ȴѵ£ȻϲԺߣôôͳ죬ҪȢΪӵӴ
ŻȻջ񣬼æͷٺ٣ллĸ󣡡
ĶҲֱĿ⿴飬ͦͦأƵζ
Ҫţݺݵĵ˶ĶһۣŤһԣֻȴһЩ뷨治֪ĶôģηϸظǴó棬ԼһЩСʣܿͽ뷨ȥˣԼ׷Ŀɲ֮
ӵϣȻûκεķң̫ҲĻᣬΪֱӣĶ֮󣬾Ͳٴˣȴ֮գֱӳɻǡ
ԭ޸ߵ缧ˣҲǰƻķԣһ֮󣬽Ҳ
ˣŮ㶼ס͹ӴԺֶһĶ߿ǻżĹŮ
ŮԸȻ෴䣬ԸۿƣĶȴһȻ𣬸ͽƸסˡ
ĶԺǲǿ˯һŶĶ֣ˮֱĿĹ֣һѾ̽ȥ
ĶһЦŤŤ֫˻ֻСãЦ£ԺĶ˯ɲҪȥŮӴ
ٺ٣ĶãѾˮˣצӸɽͣһգֵ·֮Ȼֱͦ


886 Ķ
̣ʵǲҪװųմɫԿ̫ǿ
ĶûƵ̫ãһЦ˼£滵
ֱùݣ·ӵмħƵĴһңĶƺҲһȻ㣬ǿ֮ʹ˸Ըݵȹ֮¡
ƴûоŮˣƾΪܿѹסԼˣҪװ˫չĶ˹ȥܣұ
׷ѽĶӳ䣬Ժ׽Բ
һֱԹ۵һĻ޺޵ľ˾죬ɧ꣡
һ뵽缧飬һȻƣǲĲƵļֵ
ޣүүǻ֮Ҳ֮ʱ̣һҪ̣תȥԼķ䡣

ĶˣżҲռռˣҪҪʱĶͻ֮زز
ƷĶ书Ҳ򵥣Ѿﵽڵľ磬ҪԼѾﵽ죬ҹȽǿ»ҪȶԷԼʵˡ
ͨĶƷƺԽԽ򵥣ĶҲʮ꣬ȴѾﵽ죬ֵж٣֮ʲô
ڴϵʱأԼѾʼ仯ˣǰŲºңվݻȨоһԼȻȨ
гǿ϶׷Ǹ˵ϵ·ɾܲ˳ջָоܻʵûʲô˼Բ뿪ʹڶ֪ٵԭ򣬲ңҲţԶĶͣȻܴﵽͺ۷壬˵һС
ܳ˭Ը⵱ʵۣǱȻȨΪһֱͣͲǰϴ辭ڤƺƿҪ򿪻ۣҲܴɵģҪЩѧ䣬ûǸԣ
Щ꣬ҲСӴ̽һȼȴ̶ֲޡޡޡо顢ħ𡢹
Ȿһ¡ӵ磬ƺʲôĹ棬ֻЩˣһ㶼ֱӸ淲ҲֻԼĴˡ
ݹڱһɣǬڡ
ºǬ֮жһϵԣҼʹ붷Ҳҽ塣
ֻǬһҲȥҪ̽ǬڵϢһֱûʲô
ڶգ缧ɶʮֱ䣬ĶȴǲƣһϲĽڣܵ˺ԺƫƧ֮
һᣬΪ䣬СϢƵǰҪĹ򵹣˫һ̧ͽС
ӣСūѾ̽ˣ콫ļλ֮գСӿһ
¼ʲôϢޱʵ
¼ûʲôӦ
ѾˣΪλҪŮ͸ңѵֻΪǲ֪ϵʹҪˣҲǻмֺͻʽ㣿ɻ
ӣЩҲѾ֪̽ϢЩӣȷʵΪѰ̫ϻʣ̫ϻеľŶҲҪģ˵ʹõŶûлѪŶҲΪСӻص
ԭֻϧֲͬǿԻȴܻһ֮ҲӦþɱ֮ʱϢ뿪磡Ƶ˫ɱ¶
ӣºĵϸҲҴ̽ĲˣֻҪһ£Сӱ֤վҲûļ壡
㵱ļţƷʡ
һԣļ̾ͼھ磬޼ҲѾﵽ쾳磬Ǽлλ죬ƿضʮԼǧǲҪЩսֻҪն׾У
Ƶ˵ͷСӣˣЩСһҲó˰ɣ
ӣǸڵΪ¸СӼæϥڵأ£ɣҹһκ˶޷вӣ
Ǿ׼ҹ֣С¸У㸺⣬סɱ޹˵ȻסˣȻ˵УȫҲҪСºңǱǬڣǿɿǹĶݿ̽
Сһ㶣æصӿǵܵСȥ飡
飬һҪӱСģºҼȻô϶̣пܻĸҵϢ
ư˰֣СӵӰһʧ


887 ƻ
ƻͷ߼ӭͷֶĶȻŤС˿ĽЦһ£ôôѽūҿǵȲˣأ
Ƶͷȴһ֪Ķûзʲôʲôɫ䣬ɵɵǰȥ˫־ҪȥĶЦ
ץסңĶһĶŤתˮ㣬׵Ķ㿪ƣǰԺȥ
ŶĶıӰǰȥ⣬סˡ
ڶĶ£һͬĺܿ졣
ҹƵķ䴰򿪣û˯վڴڣ⿴ɫ
ȻһӰǰһķ䡣
Ƽˣæϣתˡ
ѾļΪС£С¹һ񣺡ӣ
ƼСµɫм־ţоһֲõͷôˣ
Сҹ̽ĸۡˣû취ڣʱڹ⣡С¿˵
ļѵΪߵĸ֣üͷ
СӲ˴ѶļеǸֺпǬڵˣȥҹ̽¼ҲûлӦ׶༪ˣСɫҲǳأ
Ƶɫʱѿ
Сȴæ˵²õģȥҹ̽¼ҵˣ֪ͱµĹϵңСÿһμҲߣΪʿǵ϶жҩһʧܣδܼʱ룬Ǿͻѡʳҩɱ
΢΢һ˵ͷȻϣҶи򣬾ǲ֪ǵΪжߣȥ̽̽
²ɣС´󼱣һæѹ˵£齻ȥˣСֻҪ̽ԷΪȫգΪºҶǵˣǵĿУѾ֪ĶǬڵģһĻʦӣļ˵ҲһڣĸӣСӵ˺пܾ
ӺѵѾԽ죿ü
пܣĶǻӵĵӣĸҲ쾳磬һ̵ܽ쾳ˣΪҲӦ۷ɣ
ôһ־磿ͻȻ֣ҪԸ¾ˣҲһܶԸǣƺѾб޻ˡ
·ģʹǲֵĶ֣Ҳܲס˶࣬ٺ֡ʮλ֣ټϹеʮλ죬㹻Ӧһˣܱȫ
ƳĬãſ˵죬ةҪûλ϶Уͼ̫󣬶пˣʱ£ʵڲУǴ뿪ǣ֮ѵû֮أ
Сȥһҹ޻ƺҲû˭뵽һɵʵ۾Ȼ
֮󣬶̫缧ҵƣ缧Ļ޼ƿس͢ة࣬󽫾ͼҲһֱߡ
ֻ̫ȴûг֣һһЩ⡣
ƣʹҲٸһţ޼ȷʵﵽ쾳磬ͼԭ쾳磬ڸԵúɽ
ãףﻻװȺ򣡡缧Ц
޼˵㣬Ŀȴ飬Ц飬⼸ˣ
鼱æҡͷŮӦģ˵ЩҲûʲô飬ֻŮүүүүѵҪŮ޸ϡ𣿡
޼ûлش𣬶ǿͬеĶĶ
ĶԷԼ΢΢Ƿ˵ǬڻµӶĶة࣡
ʲôѾǬڵˣ޼װź𾪵ӡ
ĶЦһȥѾǬڣǰЩù˵ȢΪԲʹ£
缧գż̵ַЦ⣺ӦҲ֪½ջὫλøة˰ɣΪǬڵӣѵ飿Ը޸һͨˣ
Ȼ˵ˣЩǳ飬ȨʣֻҪǲԴСУң¿ɲʲôͨˣ޸£Ҳʦ˼Ķɫ䱸Ļص
ΪϷ㲻ЦΪѣ˻λ֮Ϸǻͻǣ޼Ц
ǾͶлˣĶ¹Цݡ
ȴһֱעͼ⼸꣬ƵĽν죬ԼΪӦôﵽ۷徳磬ҲȫӣҲѾﵽڡ
ͼ޼˶֣ܽǵգתΪԼڵıڤΪȻٴࡣ
رͼѾﵽڵľ磬Ƶһݴ͡


888 
һ룬Ƶ־Ϳʼˡ
Ҫھͽһ򾡣˰
ˣ˽⼸ˣԼʹƾԼΪٶľҲɱԼԼһӣǲΧסԼǳǬĸ֣
ţŲƣ޼ߣסĸ첲Цة࣬ʲôʱǻҶȲˣʵۣʵһ㶼棬ҽλ㣬ǲǾܳȥǲǾͿ޸
޼ջĿ⣬ƣЦЦҾͿɻ飡
ллة࣡
һ֮ҲѾɿ޼ʮָۣ˸ǷǾͿ
֮˫ĸӶ˵ļЦǿɲƭң
ĸȴоԼļƺһ£æӦȴû˿׷׳һۣҲûпʲôףеǵɻҲ֮ʧ
ôҲ벻Ѿǵڡ
ΪҲʱ֣ܵ˶Ķߣһһͽǵĸ첲ץסЦλ㣬һҪ޸ˣҪһ˯
һۣ游ǰֲԵ̫֣ץסԼֱۡ
ĶȴЦһ£Ҫˣ
ౡ
һƿ֣һ붫̫缧ڡ
Ƶ˫ٴĵ
ͣ
׼ȷĻ˸޼ڡ
ԭЩڿ缧ʱѾ׼ɱƴǣһ壬ǲƤҲܱƳġ
һͻȻı仯е˶һ㶣ĶӦ죬Ȼ֪ĶʲôǸղֱ۷һ£Ѿ֤ԲʲôöæԼı۰ϼ˼£סԼ۰оżأڿնʹ˹ȥ
ףӦ죬ѾˣưһҲ֮һӰһƻĶֱ˷䡣
֪£ļҵ˺ĸŷӦдżɻΪҲ֪Լڴʲô̽鲻ƵȴǸо˼飬·һʶƵġ
СӣԭôԼͼŭ̧ɳȭͷѸײڶ֮ƻƵס
ٺ٣Ѿˣ̧Ӳƴͼһȭ
ײûзеĶײ
Ϊͼڹһȭʱ򣬾͸оڷ飬͡ʹޱȣֱѾڵٵʧͨȭͷӿƵڡ
缧޼ҪҲͬоɫʹɫ
㣿޼һæʼʹͼƳ
ƵΪ󳬳޼ΪƽͲܽƳ
һҲھѣæ嵽缧ǰùãùãôˣ
죬ɱƣ缧ʹļһ
üĿһɱ¶ͼƴȵѽҩ̳
ٺ٣㻹ԼɣƳЦ
ɱƣͼʹĺһ
ŷͼһЩԾɫʹ࣬·
壬ôʵ
ͼҲѾػľʿѹѹʮλӵ˹ȥ
ء
һƾճ֣⼸ʮΪʿȻɢɣѪˤڵء
ͬʱһʮ˴
СΪ׵ľλŮ;λ̫࣬СӲС
ʮԺ֮ͷֳŸŮ뷿䣬Ӷгͽеļ˸Χ
£ҪҪɱСµĳ޼ľ
޼ʱҲѾɵۣƾΪȻķŸŮӾȻ쾳磬ƺľŸС̫Ҳ죬ʮλ쾳ľʿգ֮ͱնɱ
ңƣҸ㣬ʹסϷҲ뿪ʹҼڿѾʥǰȺ򣬶֪ܿϢʱ·һǣλңҿԱ㲻޼ϼ޻Ӳʩ˵
ɫûǿС£
£ͻȷʵٹٶȺʥǰ̫̫Ѿǿƣҷּܲκ˲ý͢⳼һ룬ͻɱۣС»ص
΢΢ͷȴûֹͣͼ
ܿ죬ֽͼƿ˫ջأѹ۾ɲ˵һ仰
ʱ͹ѾѪɺӣļҴĻȫնɱԲ׶һЩ̫͹Ůܿ


889 
ʮλֻƹеһ⻹аŮʮֻ̫࣬ǲûдﵽ죬һ˴ʿȴû˿⡣
̫̫Īƺܿ챻ʮŮѹ˹Ϊ߹ƵǰһǶУ£Ѿ
˫ۣ³һ⿪УһȻǾݹš֮ʵٲ֡
·֮УԵС£ƿѾ׷ԲԵĪƣĸȴ̸а飬ӱǼ⣬̫̫ǰҲϻ֮ˣǣһȴԼɱֻȴûϻ壬ǲһֱڵȴһ죿
ĪƿȥмƣĿɨ޼缧ͼˣȻЦ˳⣬⣡ôڹУߣȴ֪ǺǺǡ޼ڣǲҲˣ
޼ɫɱĥĻصΪ⣿⣬ͲӦҼͳξݣһΪµĹֹͣϻİٱҶʲôΪʲô
ѵ췴ĽڣɱҸʵĽڣЦ
Сӣ벻ôһֱװɵ۰ɣ㼴ʹɵΣʹɱΣɱȫµļѾҵĸʮӣܿͷ֮͢£ҿô죿޼ŭ
֪޼˵ʵ˵ػǵӣǧļƿصĽһ͢б䣬϶ɱ
ת֮ǰʣдĵʥּ
ȴī֮ʣ̧ȥСµ彣챦󽫾ͼͷء
缧ŵһС
㣿޼ɫ࣬ΡΡ벻ƻĸɱͼļҵһ֧ʧȥ͵ʧȥ˰֧ܲŭ
˿úװͬʥּһͬǷӪļ壬һ͵ҵҪ˭ҷ
һ̫ܿͽͼͷý𲯰Ȼװһľ
ȡԼղдһʥּ˿ӣһͣȽ͢ļ壬ļйصĽй˵ةͶ̫̣
һ֮󣬿˿缧ĿһϣһѳݸһС̫ࣺȥٻأ
С̫ҲǸƵͼæС̫࣬缧뿪ˡ
ûйãʮˡ
ʮˣȫǽеĸ죬͹ֱûдȥ
ԺŴ򿪣Щ˷ԺоȻʬ֮͸оԾˡ
ȴѾˡ
ô뵽ƽġС̫СŮȻһ͵Ϯһ롣
ʣµһЩֱУͼ͢⴫Ϣ
СΪ׵ľּ֮󣬺ܿˡ
ֱʱƲȡһʥּһ½Ԫ̫࣬Իʵּ̫̫̫ۡ⣬Ϊ׵ʮ̫Ϊ죬ǧ
磬ʥּǺǿģȻ֪ʵǷ̫̫̫˵ּͲͬˡ
ͬʱҲּ·˳ȥ
һǸٹٵģʥȺ򣬲۹ⷢεȴ£Ҳ뿪ɱ⣻
ʥּǸڹСӵģСǻ˸֣ǰļ峭塣
Ȼпܼʱأʮλ֣Ҳô׶ԸģرЩжٺ֣ʹɱ˶ԷҲܽˡ
ʥּǸǷģǷһԭͼλƿأͼѾɱ̫ͼԴȥּкܴΣյġ
Ͼӿɲܽļȫɱ룬еʥּûеݳȥ
ʱһֱδĶĶһת£Ҷ¼ĻҶ¼嶨־ϱ½ļնݳңһʦԸȻܽɱҲǣԱ²
գͷһĿֱĶŶĶȴֲŶԷĻ
Ķʲôʱܴ¼ˣңļ飬һǶ¼ûв룿缧Ц
޼ҲһϷҲȫĳԤϣֻϧԭǷǶ¼壬ȴԸˣƣΪɱҶȽɽ㣬ҶʦһΪģʹ¼Ҳⲻһ


890 
ӵʦǺˣƷ
˾ף֪¿޼ЦţǿƵĿ⣬·ڿˣһɱҶҶʦܸӦʮգͬΪҶᣡ
ˡš֣ƲûʲôоΪѹͲ֪ţǶĶȴɫ΢䣬û뵽ļҺžȻҲйϵ
ļǬһϵ
ĶĬƬ̧̣ۿƣ¿֪ţ
ҹʲôŻţµǶû·ˣļձ𣡡
һڽʥּݳʥּСӣֳһȥճǷնɱ
ǣ̫๪ȥ
ƲˣͼĹȷʵʮŨһ±㽫ƵƵ۷徳磬ֻϧҲ֪ͻ۷壬ֳ˳޼̤ǰһư޼ͷ
޼֮ٵȥһֻһյĹ޼ͷ·һ˥ʮ꣬ͷ԰ף̱ڵء
һĻŮˣֻǵĲ϶Žʹǲ
缧ԥƬ̣ŵƣΪǣ䲼ʥּͿԶػȨĺͶ壬Ҹ㣬ʹڵҸ֣׼û׼Ȱ㻹ǹԹԷǣ򣬲ֻǼĻֻҲҪһͬ
ƸͲֻĵĸӦԼı仯纣ӿڤת֮£ĵλγһ޴УоµƺҲ޷ˣǳűɡ
֮ʲôδﵽ˭ңҾͷ˭ɨ˵ס
һֱսľĶĶɫһϲ֪
Ŷ˵ޱ飬ʵΪ˸Ķһᣬ˵˵һжȷʵû̫İգ¼ܵ꣬տɾʹöˡ
˵֮ĿԷŹң
ҿ㲻ƻص
ֻҪңҾͻ㣡
ǺǺǡΪҷ㣬Ϳӳҵƿأ˵ɣҳŵɱѾʴȵˣңôƱŸвʱҪвĵ˵š
Ķ̾һ֮ǿ⣬֮Ƴ⣬Ტãγ֮⣬Ϊߣڵ֮γ֣
Ϊ֣ƵԺиǰӾЩڸ߿зȥǿߣƺһ֮С
֪еĹƷʡ
Ķҡҡͷ˼ĿһۣҲ֪Ϊһûдﵽ־磬ᣬѾﵽ˴˵Ⱦ磬ΪβǬڣ֮ܶŵ׷ɱ
Ǭڣװԥ
Ķԥаϲ֪ûʦ̵Ҳûʲô֧֣Ҳ˿˵Ը룬ҿ±֤ǬһֱӽţΪŵӣݾԲͣ£㻹֪ǸЩ˸ĻȨǬһ˾㹻һˣ²ңҿԴȥʦ
ʦΪѵΪ˺ļһͬȡȨƷʵ
ڵܣҲ棬ʦѯʣĶżֹǵЦݡ
ҲһЦΪҲ֪ʲô⣿ȥʦʦҪɱңȻʦ£ΪλҪϧ޸ң
⣿ĶĬˡ
ѵʦ鲻ֻǰļҶȡȨƷʡ
㲻ҪˣĲ֪ʹ֪Ҳ㣬£ֻ۷壬ҪΪµһˣߵЩŮ̫ȻвΪҲ죬ǶǬ˵ֻǸոչʸţǬֻΪͨŵĵӣ²Ҫ
Ҫɱǰɣ
Ķƺ˵һǬڶκһӶǳİɱңʦĲ㣡
ԭһûдҪɱ㣡˵ĿĻҪǿƣɱ˵ʹҪɱҲҪȰѶĶ˵Ѿ˲٣Ҫһʱ䡣
ƵɫȴȻٴһ䣺ΪҲɱ㣬ǾʹشˣѾţѵٵǬ𣿡
ĶɫһĿĿ¶ɱơ
ʱԺѾһҵĴ
ܿʧˣһлָƽ
һ̫뷿䣬˵£ղвٽѣѾҵ壬赣ǣ
Ƶ˵ͷʲôûУ
ûдϢ£̫ҵȴϢϣ£
ư˰֣С̫ȥȴٴ˳˼˼ҪҪ˶Ķѡ¼


891 
ЩһֱҲѾﵽ쾳磬ںֻ֮ŮصıȽˡ
һȴˣѾ͵͵ֻһֱû䷢ˡ
һС²ȡжҲûɱǷ侭ʱС
˽ֻһɫVȹ¶Ű۵¶һǣɼ͹ǰһУû¶ȵɫһ̹ȻĿƣ£ҪƿؾݳǾƣ¼һᣬͬҲǸһᣡ
˼ǣûǣעҪʧˣ˫ۣ´ŶˣŮӳʱ·޷аӰ죬ں˳㷢ɢ磬ȹ԰ģ̧ͦͷ֮¾֮
ôΪȻᷴԣȻôǿ϶ԼѾ˺ܴ˽⣬ҲļҶ¼Ը׷£Զ˲˵˵ǰⷢô飬ʥȺȺ֪ܲƾı죬׵Ǳ͢ɱ£ƺû˭ֵܵڵĶɣĶʦȴǵһѡȻҪ¸һŵУ
˵գƶģ򵥵³֡
Ȩ֮󣬱˵¼ҷѣ˿˵
ڵ˼Ťͷ˵ô֤Ƕ¼Ҳڶļأ
üһԥˣȷʵˣ¼ôһֱҪոȨ𣿼ʹڰȨմȨĶ¼壬ֻǰ˵ˡ
Ҷ¼ĲڳãǬڣҪȡ£ֻһɽ赣Ķ˵ˡ
ǺǺǣĶǲ֪ǵĻԼ㲻һЩ٩ĿŶĶ
Ķüͷ¶ֲ죬Ȼû뵽ôͻȻ⡣
Ҫµ˼Цһ
ҲֻҪĶ޸ңҲҪڹУƵ˫Ŷ˵۾
Ȼ뿪͢˻صȻ֪Ƶ˼ȢĶǼ٣ѶĶʲ棬ԼȻ뿪󹬡
ܺãǾͿǶ¼ҽıˣڿɸãƷʡ
ּ⣡˵ͷӦ
̤ȥһ޼Īơ缧˶ϣ̫󡢶ĶҲŰɣҪٹ٣
ƵһԳΪޡ
̫͹Ůػ֮£ƾʹһͬʥ
ʥҲǻʵ۽Ӽĵط
ʮ˸֧񷶥ԣѾٹ٣ˣ⻹н˵ĸԱȺ
ԭôˣֻǽձȽ⣬ҶΪ˳µ۶ȴ벻ףȥˣΪʥԼܵĹ㳡رأϽκ˳룬͢Ϣûô촫
ȴʮ⣬Ǿվʥ룬һһŮ
Ұ׵ۣ뷢԰ףһɷǣŮɫѣķϲһЩ֦С䣬Ƥһʱ֪Ůǻӣڱ˵֪
ٹ٣ƺҲǳľηԶ˵ʱ򣬾΢΢ǷЦ⡣
Ʋû˽ʱڵȴһʥϣٹٵĲ֮£һ仰˵
ĹԱɻ󣬿ȴֲ֪ôʣֻܸɵۣû֪͢飬޼ӣ˭ﶼûеףԣһʱʥмΪ
ʱţգ۾һСʱһЩĹٵ˫Ѿ֧ţΡΡеͻҲüͷĿ絶аĶơ
ڵȣڵȹ⴫Ϣ֪һС̫һֽơ
ڣӿһȺˣڶ˵Ĵ£һȺ̫๬Ůѹ޼ʥ
޼ĲϿǼѷĳС̫һһֱ̫̫ۡĪơ̫缧ȨƵŮˣʱȻҲӢʮĹŮѹš
һĻ˶ˣԭ֧ŵĹʹΪ˶֪ƺе
ҿ˿ĿɨеһһŮϣշϣɣ
ѾͷųĹâʵѹ֮£һͷƴͻƵͬʱҲڹעűѹϵļҵļˡ
ƵķʣһǱˣ
ǺǺǣ㻹Լˣ·ˣδ޵͸̤볯ã϶ǲ޷ˣͬЦ
Ǹɵӻʵ۰ɣ¶ֳЦ


892 Ȩ
ƲûشбαϣԼŸһЩЦʵ۵ȷʵôɽҰʿ͸Ҵٺ٣治֪վŵٳƽﶼǸʲôģΪĲɱˣ
һ֮󣬴ս¸̨ǰֻɨһ֮󣬱޼ǰȡ̫еĳ޼Ŀڴֱ΢΢׵Ĵ޼·ƤʺѪ
㣿Ҫˣ򣬾ͱֱ˲ˣû뵽ƾȻԳ֣бȵ
ƻͷЦЦƺ̫ܵ˰ɣ㣬⳯ǺУ
Ϊʣʵʵ˵Ȼǻʼң
˵һ룬ϻУʥʹϻͰ칫ĵطϻòƸģԣ֮ԻվȫҵĶͣ𣿾ͬһؤɸĽ
㣿ƿԣ
ȴ˵˸ղžȻҪɱңұҽλ˸ò
һ֮Ƶֱ͵һֱ޼ࡣ
ס֣̲סˣλһӰ˲Ƶı̧һơ
˵ģҲˣѾӻȡһƬҶָһҶֱͬ̫Ѩ
ͷȣôҲ벻ͬŵĻӸԼ֣Ҫطĳȥ˲ջأһӣ㽫ǻҶץУٺȵӣѵ⹷ʵֺļң
ʱƵĳѾʧȥȫ޼ഩ͸ųһӣһӰӶ̫缧ľ缧ͷء
㣿һĹ򣬷缧ҲˣиǴŭỨӣ֮ϺȻһɫΣһƼģ̧־˹ȥ
ٶޱȣգ֮͵ƵǰƲҴ⣬ȴҲӭӣ׼ĹŮ̫ȴлסУӭȥ
䡭
һ죬Ѿﵽ쾳̫͹ŮͬʱɶȥǶѪ
ҲŵòᣬϾһԱΪǿߣĿ̴ջصʱ򣬷ֻѾһ
ǳãǶԵٹŵ÷׷롣
䣡
һ죬һ˺ϱʯɾУȻˣľʷҲ֮һҡΣЩ
˳ȥһ£ڹŮ̫ı£뿪ʥ
ٹҲ׷뿪ȴû˸ߣΪʥǰĹ㳡ѾƵվˡ
ڵ飬Ѫȣļ壬СӼʮλֺͰλֵĻɱ֮£ǧ˵ĸۡʮӾֻʣ²ٵˣıģնɱ
ɱһ롢һ룬Ƶּ⣬ȻĿɶˡ
⼸ƿûСӴļ飬ļжٸŮСӶ
һ֮׷ЩݵļѪСǰǷӪǰõƵּ⣬Ѿɳһ˴ͼͷȥˣֻһЩİˡ
ƺôѣͼѾɱʣµһЩȻҪǾеֲ࣬ЩļĽ죬ܿȥնɱˡ
˵ҲɣΪｫ춼ھӪΪþԷһʥּ֮Щ춼Ϊͼ޼ģн춼ۼ˧ּ֮λͷʥּ̫ɱ֡
ʮλͻȻ͵ϮʮλļĽգ֮䣬ͱˡ
նжɹִ֮ͺðĶˡ
һ󲿷ֶͨİգľ˵ʵۿȨһֵص飬ԣСӸϵǷӪ֮󣬳ǷѾˣû̫鷳
ǧǷһʱ֮ڣѾƵƿأǷǻ໤ػݳǳŵ⣬ֻʱţκ˲ó롣
͢еҪĸۡҲСܵĿ¼֮ء
ĸƼʹפڻʹܵĽֵϣһȺֳغ¸СӵĴ£ʥ㳡ƵǰСӲμ£
𣿡ƿʵ
Сӵ
ųһɣû°ɣ
СվЦݣл¹ģСӵûʲô󰭣
´СԼˣЩ˵ϼѾѪȾ죬ϴˣг̾ѣļƻһʵ֣Ҳоࡣ
Ҷ׼һ£ʮ֣;£ߣλֳ־׼ʥš


893 ɱ
ʥ֮ϺȻһ죬Ӱֱʮ׸߿գ罻˫ѽѷ֡
һĻƺȻһЩңҿж¼Ұ򣬵ƾһڵĸ֣¶ԼܶԸġ
ھҲͿգܿ׹±һɫ֮Уӳһ׶֮󣬲ˣʥƳ˹
£СӴһ˼һӶгһεдӳײϵ֮ϡ

һ죬΢һ٣ȴûֹͣ෴˫ǰ·ǰ
䡭
ػǰʮλֻоһ׷׵ɡ
Ҳͬʱ˵棬˫͵һ̤棬ʯذ֮ݣһεһǹâƻɱ˹ȥ
һֱδָ⼴ﵽǰʱŲ貨΢ʹóˡ
Ϊǲ磬貨΢Ѿﵽ˵֮룬Ҳͬ
ȻԳˣȴûиκεõԭʼĴ򶷣Ҳ˵һּ
ȻƵҲһ벻ƾȻԼһٽеڶʱ򣬻ӾѾ׷ˣ˻δǰѾһƬҶʸ֮ܵϣʹֶʱͼ˼֡
ˣ
һڷɶӴ˳ȥƺ֪ǲɱˣֻߡ
ֻһѾǵضڵϻһЩ˿пɾͳ˻ӡ
һ֧֧Ⱥ֮ϣ̣Ҷžžһֺ֮Ȼ顣
ˡ
Ǽ֧ʸ塣
һҧ֮ŵӴܣ֮˫Ҳڹ֮ϡ
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ֻϧٴʱСһ־ͻʮ룬ĺ󱳣͸롣
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ػڹЩʿѾ֣ٹЩ֮󣬳鹭ʱ׼
һĻȴ۾һգ֪ԼһˣǰͿеķˣȴ뷲Ҳ֮ǧ㹻ɱεˣ˵ﻹô֡
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תΣĿͱ÷˵ҲԻ˶ã
ǻֲһЦתΣʥǰղŵλ󳼡
ЩǼˣȻĹڵأл꣡
ܾҲ׷׾
һ̣ƺȻоʲôȨһƿɱȨĹŴۻʵĸоȫվŵָǷֱǻӡ̫̫Īơ̫ˡԼĶ顣
ò˵ϻھݹǷǳǿģһȨ۵ҲΪֲЩǰΣļ帲һ̣ҲѾᶨһΪ
ȻǰЩԭļǱΪĳиη壬ǵĵʲôʱǽ㡣
Σ³һ
СʹżС̫ǰʱѾˣʱʧҲԽԽأСĻ˼£סļѨŽȥ
οɶǾڣΪ˫˫ŶͣǧصǽϣʹָȫҪӳȥҲѡ
Īƺ飬ͬ˹Ѻ
һЩ˵ҲȥҽΣ󲿷ֶˣ۲ѣڻʹкܶҩģֻҪǣƾǵΪƶָܿ
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ޱ飬һֻҪضԶ¼ҵĳŵɣ
ǣƿ˶ˣӽ󣬶˿ԲؾסڹУ޸ɣڶ¼ǰһУҲ׷ϣҲ¼ҲҪ޵
Ůл£˹Ƶǰ
ȷӦҲԤ벻ȴ˵˼Ҫ׵նϻ֮һУԸһͨŮ
Ůձ뻨ǰһͬǰǬڣǬڵһͨĵӣһٲһУ³ȫ˵⡣


894 ȶ
˸ո˵꣬ĶȻҲڵأŮҲϣ췵Ǭڣ³ȫ
һ㶣ȻǰԼͣΪǰѾӦþӹУҶĶҲͬҪסȴҪ뿪λ֣ųȥĻƻе㲻ġ
·ģŮӴԺ󣬸Ըٲ̤ݳǣĶ̧ͷĿơ
ʱӳ߳һˣƵǰ˵£ϳԸ¼ҴӴɽ֣ٲʳ֮£³ȫ
ǣƴԷһƷԱĹۣĸߴ󣬵мֹ
ϳǶ¼Ҽ̣Ѹߣ¶׼
һɫʱͳȵ׼
գʱȻ뵽ġ
ƵĿȴ˶ˣЦ֮ǰǿԼҪں󹬣ĶҪ޸ң
Ŀ˸ȴԡ
ʱ˵ˣҵ˼
Ŷƿӡ
¶׼΢΢ס
֪ΪͻȻľѵ㵣һԶ¼ҳֲɣЦЦ
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ʦĶɴ˫ۣôҲ벻ʦȻͬԼ޸ơ
ӿĶĶԺһҪúõĸ£
ȻԸĶ޸ңǶ¼ԺҪھݳǣӲ˵ˣ
Ȼö¼ôԼƿأֽһ¼˵ĺʲôɽ֣⳶¼зصģӪôܸ꣬Ըʹ˼ķҲΪΪԼҲûǸȥӹܳݡ
ң¼˶ˣӱؽ뿪ʱͼŵʦǰɱԼԼƾʲôԸ˼ҵİɱ
üͷ壬ȴû˵ʲôΪѾоеļᶨ
޼ңѾǰίļҡ޼˵ȣ޲׷Ҳ׷ǴҶһҳҹȥӽκٸв֮ġԷ޾Ϣնģ˵䣬ĿҲһɨ·Ⱥ
һ˻޲һҪ֪Щ˽ˣΪ˹޼ǻģ޼ˣļҲѾ׸𣬻ʵȨر֮£˶Ѿ׼ȴһ·ܸܲжܲ
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ݺƿأֻҪ¸ذ䷢һʥּ̣ļҳٶ꣬ȴģȨڣعԱפ죬Ҳڴ˵أԱ赣ǣ˵˻һߣ޽ǰ߰ףȴΪ䣬Умٵ䡣
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ߵϥ򵹣ﳼӳ£
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£ԭϥ򵹵ĺӳºȻ˫ϥأͷأʣԸΪ¸
򵥵һ仰Ѿ˺ӳµ
ԸΪ¸һٶ佫׷׹ڵأ뻮һ³һ
һĻи̾Լֻʵʵ˵ȴû뵽õЧʵҪĻǺ׵ġ

һֱ㣬ƲŷЩȥ޻ֱڶ죬ݳǵĳŲű򿪣˵Ҫϸ顣
һʥּҲӾݳǷȥֻݣ˴ݣԼʮСݣҲ½õƵʥּ޷Ѹ£޼Ѿǰݳǳӣͳ
ȻҲûдЩĹԼƣ뵽ǰеĩ꣬ټԼ൱Ȩ޵صңܿƵҲֻһС̣һ¡ļ塣
Ȼڳõı׶ˣҲһЩĸ̫ʦ̫̫¶ӣȻΪ¼壬Ҳ˳µĳΪ̫ʦˣ̫ƸͬҳıϹߣϼҲݵһңļȨʱͶһҲ⣻ӳ򱻼ӷ̫
ʵ൱ھȨ̫ʦ̸̫ӳ¸¡̫Ϲ߸ɡ
߶һƷĹְְҲȷˡ
֮ԭ䣬ȴΪ񲿡̲ǴһƷڲһһͬ͢¡
һˣ൱ڵڸԱ
Ȼ֮⣬ƻһ첿СӸ𣬸йԱҲʹЩԱΪ
ЩԱ֮ŸоһЩ͢ٿתˣʣµ飬ȫԽһͬ顣
Ϊʵ۵ӣڶԳѾʼĥةѡˡ
ƽةλöλھеͳǼһ죬ʱ䣬Ҳֵңÿʵۣʮ겻ϳһˡ
λҪȻдܳɲ֪˭
ʱƻ㳹׷ȨԱΪ͢£Ҳ㹻Ӧǰĳ϶ֻ˼룬ȶΪ
˷ڵõƵʥּ֮Ȼδɶ˼ǰأٱϣͬϻ壬ϻͳ졣ҲֻļͳεݹԣΪ
ϻȨҲȶļû˰֣˵ҪַҲӣͲҹݳǣҲʼ
ԣһʱ䣬³˶еƽԭ໥ɱҲĬĬձս


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ŶҪ⣬ӳҪ޴ӾѡһЩϺãͽľˣһѧҪһ׾СӺС´գͬ޵׾һΪݵ֧
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896 
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ϳȷʵϣλϳһūĺӣǺһʳԣӵһҼΪŮȴӦ˵ҲʸԳƹӡʱϳͲ²ŮӦתˣҵͼһֱסҵĸϣ
Ŷ飿ѾԹ¸Ӻ
ϳŹһЩ˵˵ڷͶ̥תΪĥԣΪӦþˣܵõĸʹˣҲҪ˼˼ˣ
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¹лжŮѵҪһֱڹУ
ָͶĶ𣿡ƲûֹΪ֪Ů飬ӱӦ֪


897 Ȣ˰
ӲǶŮȤɣƺʵ
˫ָ󣬻תЦҴΪӣ֪ɷԸ⣿
ţüͷŮԼҪƵģر飬ܷ뿪ĶϲϲȢΪӣΪڻҪ¼ҵȢĶҲ͵¼塣
ģҲ뿪ʹңҿ㱣֤ǶԺΪ
Ӳ˵ЦɣĶΪҵšȴУмҳޣңƷʵ
Գκ˶ܾ֪Ըóɱ޼ֻ游ĸĸ෴ҰȰͬĶһԲĶ
ʲôҽҲȢˣƲ
ⲻѾӦһҪҪעسŵȢΪޣ㲻ÿԼٸĳͻĸĵܵܣĿơ
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ͼʦŵˣĵļŵ˹ᣬˣӳһ֣ͲһԵõôˣǡ
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ٸһ飬ӳ½ѾʮǰˣܷһЩѪھֻܿˣ
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ֻϻѪҺǿŶԿף֪ϻɣ
˹µĻֻɻ󣬾Ķ˶䣬ҲԹԽ
ϻȳΪ߹󣬾ܶԿģĹŽϣҲеҪ֧֮һΪΪλὫŶ͸ң˵ǰϳĵãı£ȴܳƵһһᣬҲǲĿΪļͿ̿ڿɶ
˵鲻ҲʲôĹŽ磿ʲô֮һѵ»֪飿ô֪ϻĳ߹ƺʴϻŶԭǳ
㵽˭벻ףȴԹµݹע
ģΪʦû㣬޸ƣû㣬һ죬ΪľԺ˵ͬʱҲѾ򿪣˫ءһεΧת
ǣɣĶһѿڶǬڵʱɣҲֻнɲУֻܶʱͿա
¿Ķ֪ʦԸ⣬ҸԸΪͽܣϾǱµӣԺҪڱµߣڻߵʱӦҲˣ
Ķɫǰ̶һϲæ򵹵Ķݼʦ
½˶Էһݣ΢΢ͷһȥ˵赣ǣ
лʦĶվʱƺƵĻѾôˣҲ֪ɼҲֻм޸ƣܱȫ¼塣
üͷʵߵЩ֣ѵİɣ
ҡҡͷƣ飬Ҫʱˣ
һѵģ飬ΪͽĸҲϣܾҲ㣬ѡѡӳ¸ɡѡļ˾ͻ᣻ѡǾͱΪ˵ĸףͶ͢Ƶ˫һ


898 г
һЦʱ£еѡ͵οˣΪôӸ»˭ҷ£
˵ֱ֮ӹ˹µǰͽ£ߵʦ
ǺǺǣɣ²£̧ļһָһɫӹ֮󣬵ݸƣǱԼŰɣԺã
˵֮󣬹ִӶĶڽƳ
ǣĶʮֲ죬ԼھȻŶԼȻûз֣
һΪһΪǼȻѾԸңҲûʲôôˣӽֻҪӺúɼɣҵӣҲͬǵһУҲ˵㣡˵䣬һˡ
ŮƵĻ֮Ҳ̤ʵɲ֪ΪΣĶһЩʧΪ뵽˸׸ԼǾΪһӣֻˣ¼ܰȫ
飬֮£ʲô飿ƿ顣
룬ңǿʦһȥݣֻ븸̸пţһŶûʲôã
Ƶ˵ͷȻˣҾݣһҲҪһ𣡡
²ɣļĵ̣ȥǺΣգĶæ˵
ЦֻȥҲҪһȥһһЩ֣˵йߣҲʲôΣգؼҪβ˵д󳼣
ӳ̣¿ԷʥּЦЦ
ôˣ˷ܵһ˵ﻰȥˣӳʹĴŶûгȥҲҿһֱǱƷ費ɡ

ڶľ䣬ӾݳǵĶųչƺƵûͨľʿһս
ǹºͺӳ£顢ĶСӡС£˽󣬶Щ˵ܣΧ£ʮλ֣һŮӣȴҲŮװס
£һҪ飡΢Цſӳ¡
΢ңк£ܷԸǣӳһϣæƹ
Ҳʲô£޴ʱ뿪һﵽݣ֪ɷ񣿡
²ɣӳŵúûˤʲôЦ˶֪һʲô⣬ԼǳԲ˶ˣһ£³һʲô⣬¿϶ٴδңΪ룬Ҫϳ
ǺǺǣҾ֪㲻ͬ⣬вԼһ뿪ôţΪʲôĴң˵йӣٲãùӴҷ߲ˣЦ
ӳ»ǽҡͷ£þӹУЩʿ̫˽⣬ʹܷɣҲ̫ȫʹûЩˣ±ΧҲ޷·ߣ
ŶѵлжԸɵķƲ
ǵûУֻ΢ǷĲ£ӳɲϴӦƣĿڿ飬Ȼ黹Ƿǳ䱸ġ
ڣõģᱣȫ¿˵
ӳüͷûչ˵ﻰԹͬģȴֲ˵ʲôȻ˵ǽɣɽɵжǿҲûм
Ҳʱһ£ͱˣңԼʵҲɱңѾʲô飬һ˳е
ּ⣬ӳҲٷԣ֮ƴʮº͹µŮ뿪˾ӡ
һǰݣʮʮƥһ·񱼣ͷ¶ޣйգݳѾǵߡ
ݳҲһǳأ֮أ˿ڽʮ򣬳ǽߺ񶼸ʮס
ΪݵѾӵϢԴǵѾ䱸ɭϣſʮλ족־ıʿڼȺ
ߵʮλ֣Ѿǰȥˣʱֻʣˡ
ҲõģҵģЦЦ̧˵Ϸ˵ͷ˺ܴı仯
Ķˣ϶һߡɫƣǶһ롣ƣֱӱˡ
ȴûжı仯ΪСץסƵ֣Ҿ͵ˣ
ǺǺǣãƴЦǣƥſȥ
Ҳҿƥûʲôκα־˵·ҲƽװҲûЯκİæ׾ͽݳǡ
Ƚݳǵʮλ֣ѾһУһҲù֮СºСӾƵķ䣬һ񣺡ˣ
Ƶ˵ͷ飬ϣǼһȥ㸸׵ĸۡ
һ㶣Ƶĵ˼֣ƵݣͲҪݳգһϢȥƾͺݳˣӣʹнɱ޷ȫʱҪԼһؼңܲ㵣
ˣ㸸Ҳûмңװ磬㸮ϵҲϲϾùڴǼһͬȥңСºСǾڸأԷһ
˵ͷһźȻ׸оƵĿ£ΪߵʵȫԽնжһ룬֮ʣȻһĸ߼챻ɱʲôĽ
Ƶߵȥɱ˭ֿܵ
᲻ɱҴ󲮣ʵ
ԭҲ뵽һ㣬ֻץʱɱϵ峤ͳϣҲѾҵˣֻӦ͵ܵܵİȫɺݣƵĿ⾲Ķ顣
鲻
ҹֵʱоʿжӶݳǽ䱸ɭϣڷ֮ϣʮӰϢţգ֮䣬͵Ҹ


899 ̸
Դͳ֮޼ĶױԳΪۣĸҲ׷ΪĸۡҲͳ
ܣԼУдʿѲߣҹϢ
ƵǱܵķϣпȥҪϢĴ룬ҵ磬ˡ
ӣʲôûУƿ˹¡
һЦЩ˺ܺöԸ
ౡ
΢ƿ֣˼һλļʿ
ǽȥɣһץס飬ԺƮȥ
ƵҲȻɣ쾳磬һԾǾûˣƾǿ׵ĿһֵϢеķϡ
ڷǱţӺһͬȥ磡ߵ˵
СģСµһ
Ƶ˵ͷһס˶ĶС֣Ửϸ壬һ𣡡
Ķɫһߣյ˼ֺΣ΢΢˵ͷ
ڹµĴ£˺ܿҵڵأҲһ޹ߵĸ¥ʮʿֱվ
һ֣һɢȥʮʿܿоͷѣ˵ϡ
֮ǰŶ롣
ƹҡҷĸ״ʱû˯üͷһŵͼĸԱΪ衣
̤뷿֮󣬷򸾶ͬʱһű㲻ǰʵ
飿ͬʱһ
˵˸ĸĻЩܵίʵ̫࣬λʮŮ޷ٳˡ
ԺӣͺãͺãΪʲô㲻ǰ֪ͨ⼸λǣ翴Ƶˡ
С½Ź֮ƵϻӶָƵĿܿͳ˵ǰ
һĻ÷򸾶˸ɻҲͲʶơ
Ҹ˵һ飬Ǳ𼤶λҵʦӣΪλǾݻʵۣĨȥ۽ˮܵ
ʲôƣʱͼһץǽϵĳ
𼤶ȫҶҪƵĿñޱȣʱԲǷʱ
Ǳ·һģҲѾӦ£˵Ͷ͢
㣿ТŮȻұϣ̧մȥ
ס֣ƶٺһĿɶ磺磬ӦøмŮҪѾʬ촦ˣΪɱң
ôĵӣȻҴݳǣֻ֪Ҫһߺ;Բӳȥ侲Ц
㲻ţԺԣûзӦ̤ǰһѽץԼߣĳŵҵӣұȫ㸸ĸܵܵ
΢΢ͷĿдżĿ磺µİɣҪˣǱµĶ֣
סڣѵҪұѵͶһɱ游ĵˣɱ֮𡢲죬ƣҪװʴȣԲͶ㣡籬ȵ
һӣͷѰ찡磬ΪмҾˣ˵ҹͽȫˣ಻ţ㸸׺綼ɱ缧ҲɱģҲںٶɱһЩˣ˵׻ҹ಻ţ
ɫ粻ֻǷŭĶƣ֪⼸˼ȻϢĵԼңԼʹҲʲôˡ
Թߣ޲壬ֻһ壬һŹһңѵʴȣȻٸһ飬ŮѾӦ޸Ϊˣ˵ţȻǴס֣קԼߡ
鱾뷴ȴԼѲˣֻ߬Լ֡
ⲻТŮĴӦ⹷ʵۣԲĿĶ顣
ˮٴʹ㲻ΪԼǣҲҪΪ׺ܵܿǣѵҪѵļѪҲʣ£
ͨ
ĸҲǰ๫ʹӦ°ɣŮΪãΪǺã㲻ҪŮˣ
ӵģĬʱɷǳɻΪҪȢԼŮΪ
㶯ҡˣʵһֻʮλ֣ݳǵļֻҪȵǼʮٳ£ӦϣΪݳǻܱסн㣬ȢŮΪΪݳǵʮյ룬ҲΪǵķѶͿ̿ɶ
糤ĳһôһˣ
һԺȻٴݳǣҪһȥݣĹɣԵĻҵȻԸ⿴ΪƺţԶˣֻݣ޶һһȡ
һʮɵףƾǽұƵ˾ˡ
֪ϻпɽ˵ʵڵģҲܺʲôϵѵֻΪͼеĵӣƶ硣
һλеĺңӵܶţ
Ŷô˵ǵŵķᣬΪδǬڣƷʵ
Ǭֵ֧ϻ壬ϵ˼ǬڣҲΪǬڵķ̽ǬڵϢ
ֲҹѺǬȴûдκηԵǻӷԸˣ΢΢ͷĿȴ˶顣
ҡҡͷЩ֪Ҳ٣˵Ǭڵı䣬죬ΪǬԲǬڡ
ŶûڣƷʡ
ҡҡͷҲ֪
һԵĹȴ˵졢ء¡飬ǻĹŽеɣ˭ͳһݺɣô磬վۣ֮


900 б
е˶ɻĿ¡
µΪǬڡΪڣΪšΪţΪ¹ۣΪȣ
ô֪ôࣿɻ
ˣҿתµƤգգ۾
ת֮ǰʲôΪ
㣡ŤŤС磬㻹ǿ¾ɣ㣬ҵҲ޵ģҪҽˣŲ˵ô࣡
Ǵô翴ơ
żżˣ׽бɣȻߵЩֻ㣬ǲͣģɱۣȡ֮ǰȫĽӹݳǣѸ£Ͷ͢򿪳ţӭӳ͢ǣ
ҽҴץܷһ
书ѺݳǣˣȥݳǣһңҲǣǻɣһȴóݳǣ
ֳ˼Ƭ̣ڵ˵ͷҾټ½٣ǰҴ磡
һЦڴ˵ȺĺϢӹ»һ𣡡
˵ͷһӣң
ϵǵĵ˵ͷСһЩ
ڹµͬ뿪ˣͬǶһĻжʮλ֣ϣ൱еʡ
й¸ţҲڲʲôˡ
۾ƾĵȺţҲһЩѹ֣ž
ԼһյĹƾȻĺɱ֪ѾˣҪȨͱףɱ֧ߣ϶ˡ
һʱ֮Ѿվ򿪷ţ˵ĻӦѾˣ
벻ǣȻһҵıը䣡
죬ݳǡ
ͷһ̧ۿȥֻϷͷϼˣƴһǹ¡
ѵ֮лɼĸ֣ͷ󾪡
ɱɱɱ
ɱһ
ãб䣡ͷһֲõԤС
ͬʱСΪ׵ģƵʮλҲƵܡ
£б䣬뿪С¼
ɴϢƲûлš
ûУӦǿУСµǵĿϷ򶷵Ķˡ
ĳͼǸʦѾǰˣаһĿҲϣƻб䣬Ƕ˱Ҫһߣ
£ͨ澰˴һһץһ꣬Ƶǰ
Ҫ˺ҶȥΡΡ걧ڻС
Ǳǣʧܣһҿ϶Ҫţÿ˱һ뿪
һ֮ͶĶ˵ץУŶڷɶ˷
ʣµʮλеˣĸˣ򱣻ƣٵ뿪˸ۡ
ʱϵʿĻ̡̻
ʮ˳ϵںڰķݣܿͷǾסùݡ
ļҵ˹ͬһ䷿С±ǣԼһ׺ɫҹ£貨΢ʹٵȥ
ҪԲ鿴ﵽ׷ʲô飬Ȼܺ͹սôã϶Ǹеĸ֡
֮Ҳս֧ߣ׵˻һ𣬶ȥǶʮλ죬ʱΧһˣѾ飬¶ͭƤǱģ˫ȭ趯֮£ȻӲ
̧ͷ죬ӰŲ֣ͷֲǸǹ£Ǹǵˡ
Ŀ¾ۼڽ𷢵ϣƿóԷǿΪûӲƤͬÿһλ򣬶ײرÿһγХ绢Хսʮλ־Ȼû˿ܵļ
ѵͼʦ֪ҵĽʮܲѹһѹ棡
ڱ۷壬ȻûŪʲôǸᲢãֻܽͨȫëױƳȴ޷γԲȴҲŪǽֹ˵Ĺɱ
ʮĴ򷢣̺֮⾳֮Ϊãǿ۷˿ڿھ磬һֱûĻᡣ
˫趯ϣСǰ˫֮䣬һСֻ˫ֺȻǰƣСһ˲ɳΪʮ׵ľһţǱʮλΧеĽ˳˹ȥ
ƴĽ˼һĻɫ󺧣˵Ĺ˫˳γһֻͷ״ǽײһ
䣡
ײһ𣬺ȻըನɢԲʮ׵ʯѣеҲ׷׵ɡ
Ƭ֮󣬳أһˣȻԶǿڱȴѾѪԽء
һӰ˽˵ıʹڤ񹦣һƾ˽˵ͷһ֮£ýðǣͷĿѣæ˹ֿǹȴԽԽϡ٣·ͷĴָһ㡣
ԭ˽˵Ϊ˼ǿ󣬿ǽѾˣֱһΣƲܵ֡
ʱţ֮ջƣֻоͣҪղյԼΪҲһ𺦡
ʮλѾۼܻ֮Χ£Ƶܡ
ڤתٵյ
һ̣֤ʵе뷨ڤ񹦾򵥣յҲ۷壬ŵ֮⾳ɰٴκ֮Ȼȼߵ֮ȽѣҲҪԼǿǧ򱶡


901 صļ
ôе˫ʽͻ䣬ƵĶʮλ֣ͷֳʮˣֱӾɱס
Ҳһ֣ȻͼȴҪǿһЩҲλֺʹʿ
һֻλ죬ԭƵƵս֮ռϷ硣
ƳһվΣӴƳ⣬γһ޴У纣ƾ൱еʯ
˫Ʊһ˫˳纣кȻʮ׵ĳⳤһţֱӾͽҧסߵ֡
ڤ񹦣
ƹתҧסλڵڣ壬ֱ˶Ҳ޷㣬˲أƵڡ
һĻд򶷵޲㵣Ǽڵĸ֣ȴûм˿ֲĿڡ
һƵĵΣñɫŵĶƣкȵǺˣ
ЦһҾҪɱˣݵ۹ʵƣļ˶ţͶ߲ɱɱ⣡
˳ɢȥݳǡ
˭뵽õľݻʵۻپݳǣΪ֮ߣ
ʹǻҲкǿ
ãȻһЦƣԭƣֲᱳѼ壬ԭǣûУֻҪǽɱƣǾݾͻǵģָ࣬տɴɱ
֮±·ЩһƳ˹ȥ
ƼһĻһЦ˫ƻ˫֮ʿ޲ɣ޴ͷգ֮׵ǰ
һΡΡĶͷߵλ죬Ҳڲţ֮£Ѿ˵ûԸ
𣡺𣡡
һϵ£ͽ׸ȥһǸλ죬ʹǸŲֺ
״Ƶ֮о׷ֹͣҲֹͣ˴򶷡
ɨйٱѵǴһ᲻ɣ
ٱһеı׷ͷ
ȴʱڵ񣬱¸һθĹĻᣬֻҪͶ͢Ըϴ¿ĶһҪģ
Щҵ˵һͽڵ棬׷׹ڵأл꣡
ѾƵǰȴûпЩڵص˵ȣڿŸ߿ա
ӰڲϵĶײУװ졣
ȻһйڼžӰһȴһ˵š
һĻƶʱһϲȷʵûʧһȴҲܾȣȻһʮ߰ˡ
ǰ֮󣬱㽫ӵƵĽ££Ҳһתˣһͱˣ
ѵҲǽɣƲ
µ˵ͷת֮ǰӦɼ𣡡
ʥ˵ɣôǿϸĶˣԷ˫գˣͷҲǳңڸǰȴȽϷһϽ£Ҳмָ߹
һǿ߰ɣȣö࣬ߣǰҾʶû뵽Ȼ
ǰʲôˣ
˵һД̹ŴڵʱҼǸʱɣЩ˱ʹˣзлת˾һת
Ժǲ֪ΪΣоԼԺƺһЩϢЩϢﵽڵһ˲ģͷ·ԼԺ֮Уһֱûгһ㡣
ҪǰµĻԺоȻֳһĳΣ̹Ŵ棬ɽ硢硢硢ý硢ĹŽ硣
ԭ˻ĹŽ磬һеһ˵̹Ŵ棬ǧ棬ǧȻһǳ֮ڣ찡̹ǸУֻ൱һδСĵܣƸ̾һ
Ȼ͸оԼ۽һЩüëƺüë泤һ˫۽ǡ
ֻ۾٣ԼԸо³һ˫۾Ŀ磬ȴ޷֡
ô£ˡ
Ҫ򿪻ˣۿԿһʣȱ´򿪷۵ʱ򣬾ܿһмһƴˣµķ۴򿪣ɶǱ¶֣ǰ꣬ǰǧأЦЦ
ƴ͵ĿŹ£ô֪ģ
£ѵ㻹Ҳת˰µʵ顣


902 ǰ
û˵ĶŹ£ԼԹһ㶼˽⣬ƺȴ˽ԼȫֻʱȥѯʣֻС˵һٺúӣ
µ˵ͷ
ƽĿ·Сӵϣȥ֪ͨӳ½ǲȷٶǰݳǣ
ǣ£Сӹ˺̤նߡ
С£㸨ףץˣһȫץסȺҵķ䣡
Ǳ£
˵ȣǰݳţҹߣɱۣ
ַ׷׹ɢȥ
Ѿ½٣ʰˣƽ顢Ķͬҡ
̤׵Ĺ֮ͶĶȳȥȺùĿŹ¡
²˿ңºЦЦ
֪ûж⣬пǰʶһѣԸҵģǲǣΪҸߣؼҲҶܷ࣬˵˵ǰ飿üʵ
Ƶɻ󣬹ЦΪʲôôأǾݵĻʵۣ֮ϵߣֻҪԸ⣬ԸͶ㣬ս£ǰ˭ôôҪ𣿡
ԣȻ֪ǰǾӦ֪ҵǰֻһͨˣ˵ˣûĻص
ǰǰأһ˵εֻתģ»ص
㻹Ϊɰӹ˼꣬ҵЦ
ɱˣ
Ҳ֪ɣ
Ϊʲô֪Ҹ㣬ʲôطҶʲôطţ˵ɣĵطңյ˿ЦЦ
ȴŵĶŹ£þãſһ˵ģ
治棬ٲ٣ټ٣ԺȻ֪ڽҼϣ쳣һ;û˿ѣǰ࣬ΪҲԽԽߣѽ
˵Ȼͣͷ̽ƵĶߡ
ʲôƺŤͷ۵ס
ԺҪúõ棬ôۣôƴȥأ֮ڷΪڵˣЦЦȴƵĶѵˮһ¡
СޣôСһ㣬֪ռˣƼæͷɲСŮôͻȻԼ׽ˣǰĳѾʧȡ֮ȴǵƤɰ
СȻҲˣСʱǾ۸ЩŮΪҲ֪Ц
ղ˵Ѿֻˣܸܲߣǰʱ˭ʶ𣿡ƸоһЩףֻܿһ
ǵ߿رӢʵŮ𣿡գգۡ
㣿㲻ɣһˡ
˵Ҷ֣ұں÷ѽˣ棬һЩֺС֣ü¶Ϊѵɫ
ˣ˵ģԽԽԺ
Ժͻ֪ǱˣֻҪ֪ʲôǬڡʲôţСһһˣԺѾݵȶ֮Ǿ͵طȥΪʵ۾ͺˣҸоһ˼ûУĵģԺȥ硢ȥɽ硢ȥý磬ȥ棬
һ˵һŤСƨɣ򹬵ţȻ󽫷Ŵ򿪣˵Ķ飬Ƕ
ſڵĶŮѾȺʱˣһ½Լæһ񣺡ʦ
°˰֣飬֪һЩʦ㣬ǲûЩѾľͶ̥תˣ˺ˣԺǾͻףֻҪԺúоУ
˵գ߳Ƭ֮󣬽Ǹε˽һģ۾
㣿͵ؾ
Ҵǲһ֣Ż
һŭ㵽˭
Ҫ˵㱣֤ſ£뵱꣬˹˱ﶼýһˣ㲻µһССѵ㻹뷭첻ɣµһۡ
㣿𾪰Σ·ȻʧȥһսΣǸʺͻħôˣûбɱ
ΪħôɱҿԸ㣬𣬻ǵĴ񿨶˹ָˣ
ģûˣĴ󳬼ǿһˣ
Ĵ󳬼ǿʲôҸ㣬úõķס£Ժô»ص
˿ƣ˼
ǵĶԻȴɻֻоͷ
֮ǰʶǴ˭ʵ
ԭ޲TǸһҪɱ㣬Ǳɱģ
ңƲ
㣿ħ޲Tһƣ
ô֪ǰǰҲƣ
޲TҪ˵ʲôȴֹµԼһۣæˣħ޲TǰʵҲ൱Дĸ֣ȴΪɵ֮תٴΪˡ


903 ǰ
ǰǰ˭ʵ
㣡µƤЦ
һֻۣܱʾεĽܣͨµĻҲȻйڣԼĻλӦþͲʲôΣգȻ˵ԺԼȥ棬Ǿ˵Լǰ϶˲ˣֻϧΪ̫ͼ䲻̫Ķ
ԺԼͻ֪ˣ֮Ҳ뿴üӣУǰһ׵ĹأñŪ磬ÿһ﷢չɱԼ㻹ܱǰһļ䣬ѾˣȻǱͱĽǰ׵ģ··һ㣬Ƶļ
Ʋװĵ˵ͷĹµļȻ˵ϵĴڣھȥʲôŵڸץţҵĽ£ҵ
һ¶εЦݣǸ£ҲǸ߹ŵ뿪ˣڶһЩͽͽץûʲô˼ţ㱣֤ŵһǰģ
µĻһû˵Ϊŵڱӡ
ˣȥϢɣҶһˣư˰֣ʾɢȥ
ϢҲʲôʱˣѾˣָָ档
һˣȻû⣬ȴѾˡ
㲻Ϣ޵ЩҲҪϢˣ飬ȥ㸸ĸɣǣٹͷ
˵ͷ˳ȥ
ĶȴչһЦסƵĸ첲һЩ˵£ҪĶϢɣ
δƻش𣬹±һšסĶĶ䣬С꣬ΪתˣҾû취ڸһȥҪӰϢ
ѽʦʦͽ֪ˣղ˵ʲôǺꣿĶʲô
Ǻ꣬ˣߣ˵ţͽĶšȥˡ
ʦѽ˵һ㣬ҵǰʲôͱҲйϵ
ûϵΪܱߣԺúõչǷģµԶȥ
ƿŶ˵ıӰǲ죬ѾоԼͷһЩˣһΪ˵ŮȻתĺ꾫ⶼʲôʲôԼǰͺ꾫ʲôϵ
ҲˣڴϣһṦ˯ˡ
ȻԸͷ˼Ұѷ֮ҲûΪʱ򣬾Ҳܴ󣬲ңһΣεԼӵұɫŮߣòһ̣ЩŮֱ˺ã죬ҪȥŵȻѡ
һֱӾԼϣȻſŶĶĶС֣ƺҲԼǸ
Ҳ̫˰ɣôҴˣ˵䣬ĿҲͨĶ죬ѩס
Ķ˹ƵǰЦȻǹʦѽб𴲣Ҽ˯㣬̽ѣԱԱű£
һѽĶڻУ̧һ֣˶Ķ·סһѩ쳣ЦСھͳ㣡
£檿Լģ͵űأ
仰һͰѶĶѹ棬쳣ʢʹȥ⿪Ķ·
ȿȡ
һֹ²֪ʲôʱȻվſڣԼۡ
ʱȫ£ôˣ
ٲҪóѣûм֮ǰ㻹ǸţҪȻСƨɣ·߷ߵ
˭ʶҴң
ҲҼ֪ˣСѾȺˣһ磬ӳµȷͻǣѾûʲôˣһһڵųݱأݳôԱѵͲӼӼ
˵ҲλҴǰһӣöӵʵ֮ҾֱѾˣȻܰǸӸҵʵҲУƺ֪ܵЦЦҲվ
ڶĶķ£ƺܿʹ룬촩ŵĿǵۻʷҹ¡
֮ҾűȥɽܵİȻҵɣ
Ƶ˵ͷҲʱ˰ĸ׽ӻˣ
˵̤꣬߳ݣٴδżݳйԱһ磬¡ĶҲһȥ
˦˦ĶĶЦһȥסƵĸ첲
Ҳ첽Ƶߡ
Ķȴ̽ͷ£ЦʦĲܸǰ˭𣿺ͱʲôϵ
һӶ֪Ц
ĶʱͣƵĻԹ
ҿԸ㣬ǽãһˣ½һ
ɣҺǽãĶǲ졣
֪Щ㹻ˣһֶѾ޸£ҲǽãԺҲҪĶǣúöԴ£ĸ֣
ļ䣬ѾӴĴ֮ڣ·ѹѹ򵹴Ƭ꣡


904 ҹ
ڶݳŴ󿪣һںһȣȳ϶ơ
ԣ顢Ķħ޲Tˡ
󿴣а¿ˣСӺСΪ׵̫ŮŮ
ںֺһ죬ʱ˺ӳ£ȶݡ
Ŀ꣬ɽ
ɽǧʮʮƥҲڸ·һ·֮ϣͣͣЪЪֻɽˮˡ
·ݵʱƵ˾װİһ£һҹӵĴ磬ˡȻͶĶ¡޲Tȴûʲô仯
ҲǾ֮һұݸӸ㣬˿Ҳ࣬ݳ˿ھʹﵽʮٺɹΣݵĸһƸǿڵۡ
ҲΪݵĸ㣬ԲŸӲԸӾĹϽӶʮפڵӵĸؿҪ
ͳң֮
Ҳûʲôʶƣټйº޲T֣Ƹû˿η塣
ﲻĽƵһƥͷױϳ
ŵľˣгһᣬʲôˣ
һ޲TǰŭڵˣŪһЩʳλȥ
ʳΣҿǳ̽͢ɣ´һ޲T
̤ǰһϣ޲TһԣִǮȡ˼ӣλЦ˲£ү˴ǲˣÿ͵ˣԲὫƸ֮ģ𣿡
˻һʱ͹Цݣλӻ˵Ǻÿ͵ˣ룡
ƴ̤ȥ
һԵ޲Tɫ࣬ԼһɣȻһʿǰΪƣһƽſڵЩʿˡ
һߣһ޲Tļ򣺡޲Tˣ岻ã
޲TѪɻ壿
Ҳ鱦߱ǹһ컹صߵģֻҪúõķ£סҪЦ
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ôģˣǰҲҴڸˣȻҽ㣿µ޲TһۣҲӿ˽Ų
֣ʮ˸ڣһͷձñСģǰЦ͹ٿ͹٣ҪҪסꣿǼҵľƵ꣬ݳǶŵģ
껰һ˵꣬һƾ·ŮǰƵӵλүǼҾƵҲܺãܲܵǼȥס
ҾƵûЩ˶Ǻεȸ߹󣿾Ǽǵ꣬˼ҵιŭһ
ŲǣǼҵǺڵ꣬ƭӣҼҵĵʺλүסŮҲѶá
ǼҲǺڵ꣬˵СҸݣ
Ҿ˵ôţ

ͣƲΣĸ綼һͲĺӣȻûаѿڲϣֻԼѿ˸Ūˡ
תЦߣ
Сӵ̫ǰ˾ͽӷĽֵ
һ¥ĸߵ¥ʮ˾˹ȥСӹ˵ƥСӺСʰϸǰΪƵ˿ϺõĿͷ
ֻǣ¥ݣϵ¥ſڵʱȴȻſڵһСסˡ
Ǻ⣿ɫһŭ
СЦλ͹٣¥һĿ˿ţ
ﻹVIPᰡô¥ŭЦ
Ҫ˽ܲУСЦЦ
ôأ޲T
һŲ֣ӺһȺˣһ˵ӴǣƢô󰡣С椳ȷʵ
˵䣬ȺӸƵǰ´ŶĶ飬Ŀ˸Ĺâ
λԷҿԴǽȥΪ׵ĹӸһ°ۣͷڣĿ𪣬ͬȣ˵䣬еȣ˶Ķ°͡
Ķһ֣ԭĵɫʱ˪һץס˶Էȣŭ
ûʹֻǽԷƵһԡ
ӴƢϲЦ֮¹ӱЦЦ֪֪˭ֻҪԺűӣұ֤ҪʲôУ
Ǯ𣿡Ķѯʵ
Ǯ򲻵ݣ¹˵ġ
С㣬ǽҹӣݳǵİ˽͵
ԭǽӣѵƽﶼڵϷŮӣٸ㲻ܲʣĶٴʵ
ЩӸ·ʲôΪЦ飺ٸ˭ҵģٸץԼˣ
Ķüͷ壬ƣһֱЦ⶷һҹӣҪݳַ졣


905 Ǻ
ĶƾȻЦɵþС죬סƵĸ첲๫˼ҶˣѵͲܲ𣿡
๫ӣ¹ɫ˱䣬ܿһЦλѣ㽫ңҿԳǧô
´һԷҼӼֵҲ򣿡
ΣֻҪӦڿȥȡ¹ӴȣЦ
һƽ𣬶ƽҲУɫɹЦݡ
㣿¹ɫŭѾڵ٩ԼˣһƽѾǳˣ˵ûУ˵УҲһŮӡ
ûаɣûУ̸ˣ˵䣬СµŮҲѾʰϣһͬ͡
Ůĳ֣ٴλ¹Ӻ༸ӸĿ⣬ŮһľɫŮҲܽŮֶ쾳磬ֳʣͨŮܱ⡣
ŮСӵˡ
ǷƾȻ¥ݿڣýȥ֮󣬶ʱʹŭþӣǺε֮ˣ޲䳼
ԣС±߳һ󵨣ۿ˵ͣٲÿСͷأ
һ֮һС¾ͽ彣γֱ˰½ӡ
λӸû˿η壬ЦӴÿεŮӣ˵λѣЩŮӣ㶼ģҲһǴ֮ңǱ˰ɣ
ǽݣ⣡ƻص
ðֻҪ㽫ߵŮӣңҿ㱣֤һӶǮô˵
¶Ϊ֮ɫĬ
ߵһȴͷ˵˵λѣ㻹ԥʲôܺ⣬㼸ĸ
ƺȻһЦǰ⣬ѵǰ˾֮⣿
¥ͷ
ӻ⣬Цǣλ룡
ˣƲǽҾƵ¥
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ʮˣͬӵˣͬһ䣬Χϡ
СºСӰͬһơµˣŽӣһ
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Сɽ
ɽôĿ޲Tŭ
ɽ⣬˵ݾҽҵĶҪݽɽҲ޲ɣ
ѵѾ볯͢ѣ˵ĻǶڵص˵ɲһϢһս͢϶ὫҲ޷ˣü
ǵ飬뿪ڵңڶûǣ£ؽңûʳΣϰջӦɽЦ
ԭˣ̵ĻϾԴҶá
ʵҲԸֻ̣Ǹʵ۾ȻҪϳȹ壬ܴӦ˵ЩˣҲǻ˵˵£⼸λԸټ۸ңɽĿַ˶ĶϣϲĿ飬޲ֹ
ӣλɶô׵ֵģ˵ʵҲƺǸ
ΪʲôɽŵĶơ
ΪǶ֣һݣҲֻǻؽƸǱңǿɲҵˣղλﲻ˵Цˣ
֣йӶֲ졣
ĶȴǷϵƣֻ΢΢·˿˲仯ɷĩЦӣöٻƽ𣬿˼Ư书ָߵŮأ
ɽ˿ĭ֣ݳǿɲûУȴҲ٣ܼͨģв򣬵ĵλǳĸߣ൱ڹ
㵽ʲôˣɽɵӣƵҲһöֵˣһˣ
һֲĽǮ뵽ģ
ղŲ˵ʲôݲҪô֪ˣ棬򽪹Ц
ǣѵǳ͢ģôĵӣȻ͵͵ǱݳǣΪôģֻҪҽһһߣɽѾվ˴ϡ
õģɱɱвˣЩûκãȷʵΪ͢ҲҪȻĶӣǾòˣһ̧֮תڤ񹦣һӴͽɽס
ɽٸ㲻ȣȻֱӾͷϣſ档Ƶ֣ȴҲץסĲЦ벻
㣿ɽʱܹͬоԼƵ缦ѼһСæҡҡͷ
ȥ㸸˵ҷ˵
ɽһ˻æͷĸΡΡĹӣǻʲôȥҸ


906 ʵ
ɽһĸӸ;ǱͲˣ׷ײ롣
ɿɽһϲ㹻ĳ⣡
ɽĬ֪ʲôʱ˵ʲôʱ򲻸˵
СӴӴ̽ͷȥֵϡ
ûйã˶һ΢ͷɼѾ˵˷
̧ͷ˿˵ϵˣȰǻǶһ
ôĿһٺȴӷϴȻ飬һѾֱ䣬гֱŵơ
Ʊ΢䣬һԵ޲TѾ֣һ㣬һȭ
䣡
һˣ㱻ֱӻɣƴ¥¡
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ҪүǾСү
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Ϊƾ⼸ˣ˳뿪ݳǣҼĶ֣вȴ¾
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ǳ͢˰ɣҲգݣָʲô˫ֱһϡ
˵ѾݴͰһ㣬˳͢ԽʥʥּԲܲˣֶҽǺ˴ĵӣԭǲϼΪǰɣúܺãǣͲ³͢гһգĹۣɽɱˣĿ𣬶ơ
ƷһЦ֪ôΪƾг͢Ϊ˵˴󻰣֪Ҳϼ۵ʵǸʵֵۣ˰Ͷͳһ£벻ٻ󣡡
գ̾һʵҲͶǾ½ң
Ŷͷĸɽĸţ
ΪƣЦ
ǾݻʵۣһûмƣȻСӼϿ⼸Ӧǹ֮ˣȴôҲ벻ƾȻֻգݳǣⲻ
˵Ҳ׷״󾪣ЩŹ׼Ƶˣһ£һˤڵء


907 ɱ
˵ľȣСǼȻݵ۹ʵ۱ڴˣ˸Ҳݣ
һͬʱȴҲһ
һʹ׼ȴҲѾû̫ĵһ͹
ЩеĹȫˣΡΡɫŵĶơ
ƾʿˣɫҲ˱䣬֮ٺһʲôݹʵۣҿȲðˣү㻹Ÿʲô㽫˸£
Ľһ仰֪֮ԼѾûлͷ·ˣֻܶһΣ콫Ƹ»ɱ±Ȼңʱݾԭһ¾ݳǡ
ԣ˼֮һ֣£
գٴξ󣬶׼ƵȾͷ˼ʸ
¼ˣһ֣һǽֵƵ˵ǰʸײȥײھ֮ϣֱ죬ȴ޷ͻơ
ƵĿ͸ǽƾʿ޲Tֱ֣޲TǰƲŵȥǸʿץţˣһãڣܲ
޲Tɫͼٺ٣£͵仰ˣ
˵֮޲TκȻʧһ̣ͳѾ˵ſڵƾʿǰ̧ƣһͳ顣
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㹷ۿ˵ͣ
㲻̧٣
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װŪ
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޲Tһߴ򣬻һÿڵƾʿеˣʱ޲Tǰͷ·ĺͯûа㻹֮
˼ʮ֮޲TһץסƵĲô˵棬ȥ
Щԭڷ乥ƵľǼˣȫɵˣﻹ֪æԵˣΪ޲Tóһͨ
޲TƵǰ֮󣬽һӣ£ѾҴˣҴɢˣʲôУ
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Ƶ˳ɢȥݳǣһ֮Ȼڿնȥ
¡޲T顢ĶȵˣβԣһȺ񣬷֮䡣
һĻЩոոľǣ޲𾪣Ͷְշɶɵˣ˭ֿܵʹɱ˼ңҲ׷ϡ
˵ǲտʼôˣдʼڴţݻʵЯݳǣô죿
Ƶ˿ٵݶϣʮУĴ·
ץסʮжɱƻһ
ּСӡСµȰȥ
޲TɨһĵĿۼһ֮ڣҲ˹ȥ
˾Ÿˣˣر޲TȫĻһǶڻ¡
ľԽԽ࣬ȴûһģһЩܳץץɱɱ
ʵ۵ĺ
ЩĽ̻֮£ƽʱʱҲûио˿£оԼǰԼҲɱļ֮󣬲ŷָͲô£Լеȥֱơ
û˭ԸΪһݵĻʵۡ
һֱǾݻʵۣ֮ȴı仯
ܿ죬޲TŽ˴ǰ
ƺСµȼҲѾǰҵĽҲ뺳죬ѵ㻹ִԲ𣿡
㣿֮Ҳòȥϼ۾Ȼɱ˵ģѾȥˣ֪ԼˣƣüĿŭȵ
ϼۣôǣЦ
δȽػԶƺȻһ˸ɱͽ
һӶ֮УͷӰ
һĻͷЦϼ۵ˣǻ˶ˣǾ͵ɣҵģҲҵģ
δ˵꣬Ʊһͷת˲佫֮˸⣬ֱһԽ㱻ֱ飬ڱѪ


908 ȸϢ
ɱƾʿ֮Ťͷ˹º޲T֪֪ϼ۵
죬СüƺһЩ䣬ϼӦһвϼŮ˴ģϼƺֺŮһЩϵһһЩɸ֣
ŽɰǾܶԸƷĵŶԷء
һˣȫ£ͷϴŲĹڣͷеһɫԲ㣬ƺ·һЩϼĹâʮ㡣
Ϊߣһ濴ֻжʮˣΪȻˣȴŮһƯ
ֻɫ䣬˫ĶƵɱҵͽ
ϻⲻŵǺطɰɣЦ
ҲǺˣ㶼Ҫطһָ֮ҲѾ̧һɫϼֱơ
ôĵӣ޲Tٺһһȭһϼ罣âȥ
䣡
ײ˾ͬʱһ
طɼˣɫʱѿڶɣ
ֻ׼ǽɣѵͲǽɣڵ㣬ϼΪҪͼ߸˵ǹ£˵䣬ҲѾվǵǰ档
Ǻˣطע£ȻֻһСŮطȴСӡ
ҽй£㻹ûлشҵ⣡
һֱֻһգȻλңȴû˵ҽԶ֪ͨݴ½ݻ˭Եã˭Ȩȥᣡ
ŶǲϼӦ˻ʾɣҪҪŶѲɾŶǲϼˣ·ʵ
ͷҲһݣΪŶϼߣ˵ԼǸϵѾϼ۵ɱˣ
طԣһϻ˵մұɱ֮ȻѾǽɣǾòҪ淲
֪֪˭ɱ֮ǲϼ۽ΣЦ
طɶƣһﲻ
ǾݻʵϺƣɱ͵ԣԱƷϺȴԲɱ򣬶ȱϼ۱𣡡ɫ쳣һƲ˿޷Զϣ
㣿Ǻɵģطɳٴʵ
ɣٸһᣬȲߣôǾԶˣ˵䣬Ѿӿ·꼴١
طͷȥмСΪҲϼۻ㣿
Ȼ̧ȭͷ׼оһȭһɫϼȭͷƲ֮УƲȻɢȥ
һһ˦㷢ǧ˿Ȼӳֱطɡ
طɼˣһ߲ϼȫȻ˿ȸβ֮⣬˿ײһ
žžžž
ٵײڰ𣬶սеĶˣȴͬʱθߣ֮ա
˴ӵϡ
ѵǲϼǿȸתһߴһŬĻԺеϢɵжһΪֻҺתأԭǸ͵͵תҺǰ꣬ǲǹڻĹŽȴƣ
룬±㿪ʵںδ
ССɣȻҼ棬Ӯ˵طߵ
ڲңС㣡һ֮кȻһ
طϸһһȻͷŻɫĹââ֮Уһˣطɴһ֮
˵ǲ˵½ָطɡ
طͣηĿŹ¡
㻹ֱ֪ģڳǲһ֣֮оͳ˿ȸģ
תãΪԽӽת֮ǰģԽӽԣҲĿȸΪתӡ
طɿ˿֮ճĸ߹Ůӣ˫жʱ¶˼֮ɫźܴĳݣܿɻΪ֪Ҽڵĳࣿѵʶ
ϻΪһʮСɣת֮ǰǺýãƱ£ҲкܴԨԴڴȥϼۣ
һ֮󣬾ȻգƵߣЦ£ܿͻһˣ
˭ɻ
ϲŮӣ˫޹İ£ǰʱƺһֱûĽΪޣЦ
ɣ㶼֪ǲϼ۵ˣ
ϼ۵ĿߣһΣһأֻҪܰŪ֣֤ܸ벻ĺôŶûҪ˵գּ䣬ƾչһʮ׳ķţɣ
С̤ţоģ޻ϣҲ̤ϣֻĬƱԽԽߣֱ׵ա
ϼ۵ѣǰ·¿ط˵
طĲһ룬˵˵ͷһͬϸ߿գٵԶȥ
½Ž
߱ٵʧݳǵϿա


909 Ҫ
һ뿪ݣҲûн飬ݵȴѾʮҪ׵Ĺھˡ
ϵˣٷңƾٳһнɵݴϱȴݻʵ۵ʽ⡣
ڹµĴ£źطˣܿͷɵ˲ϼۡ
ϼһϼֵɽϣ¥ɾ
ǰһټĹ㳡㳡һֻ޴Ŀȸܣ֮ƣ·
ιΪŮڵ֪ݻʵ۵֮ȻҲһ㵣úطɴǰϼ
⴦ãƵĻʳʥΰʡʯãûôȼֻ֣֮һƽ̨š
Ůһƽ̨ϣȸ£ŮĿﲨĶơ
Ƶ˾վڵУҲͬעλŮ
ܿ죬ŮŮЩϡ
ݱϼۣñԣֻǲ֪µΪ£Ůʵ
һǵڣ֪ںδƽʵ
˵ΪǾݻʵۣΪݸ߹ǰҲ緲ǰ㣡һӷߺ޵
˼˵ֻϰɣԳ
֪ɣԻص
ȴüͷȸ㣬ȻתͶ̥Ϊβһͷ˽㡢ȸ㣬ƽʱӰ룬ѵҲѾڻĹŽת
µĻ˵ˣɻ󲻽⡣
ȸ㣬ٲҿɾͰƸˣԺҲҿô죿в
ȻĻ֮оƮһȪԭǹã˵๫Ϊѷ֣һһһ룬ڿɺã
ȸ㣬ĳˣںܺãѾͷҲ֪ȥˣҪ๫ĻȻ׵ģ㣬һֱһΪ๫תЦ
λǰ˸ĹŽͷѵΪӭ๫𣿡
һҪҪ๫һķޣҿǰ๫ˣҪǲĻתɾͰ׷ˣѵ๫֮ò
Ѿͷ˵
һѵϼȻӵγһŮ̬٣Ū٣꣬㼡
ϼԽԽǿŮԽʵϼȻʧŮӲŻˡ
ڣ޲׹ݣǾҲлʦ
ǿȸת֮˫̧˰ɣǶȥ
ǣ޲˳⡣
ŹرգֻʣƵˡ
ȸƺ͹µǰشһЦеˣÿ
֪ǬڣҾͲ֪ˣҪ֧ݣҪƣ¶˿ȸ֮һ֪Ȼڲϼۣ
˵飬ȥɣҲ̫⣬־ԶûĵĲ죬Ҳǰ㾫ˣȸЦ
ǽ㿴ÿҲֻת֮󣬲Щ

ŶŮĵͶȴȿȣλ㣬ǰҲԨԴиղ˵๫ѵҲйϵ
ȸ̤ǰЦҪΪ㣬˭ˣЩȻ˵㣬ĸ㣿ʹ˭תأϵĸŲʣµͨŮ޲Ϊ
ɣǰôţ棿ĸĸƾ㵡
ȸ˵գ̧ܷܷ֣ƵͷĴ¡
ƶʱ͸оһ˲󣬷·ȸӵħһ㣬ȻԺкȻ˼ʮɫɫŮӣһˣǿȸ
ЩЩѵǰ檣ǰҲǻʵۣ
ǻĹŽݹĻʵۣǰɽеʴۡ˵𣿡ȸ˵
ģҲӣͱȸ۾һ̶뿪ӣһ׷һҲֵˡ
ǰҲûм㿴ҰȸЦ
ȸ㣬һɻûн㣬Ҫǳɻ飬Ͱã˳ΪҲջָǰ䣬ȺýǣҲžߣڸ֮УǸӿЦ
ˣڻʱΪҪԼŬģҰ͵ڸԤ˽·;ҪһֱҪ߳һдûгֹ·;תĿģ
գƣ˫һΣͰѶĶ˻Уݺݵһڣ˵ȽΪ飬ǣҿҲôżˣ


910 ˣŪ
ƵһĻǵÿȸֱЦҿ㰡һӶһģ
ɲҵĴ˭أƻصͬʱ˫ֻڶĶһ¡
ŮܲסһЦæ롣
ûȥ׷ܿĶſȸǸղ˵ĶģԺеŮˣǰţǶû
ȸ˵ͷ
ûиļޣ
ȸҡͷ
ôڵңڲˡ
ڣڵ㣡
ƵĿˮһȸһᣬֿ˿£ֳ˳Ķ飬ЦĽҵǰˣȻ˶ţ
ĸŶ٣õϵĻ˵ҪЩõȥһֻҪнãôͿԹɣ
Ϊʲôɻ
ΪǸʱҪձ˵ĹЩѵԵ𣿡ȸһ
ƸоﶼˣΪϵĲ̫ԣҲҶԿȸһЩĶ
֪ºȻӱһ£ʹƮɶֱ˿ȸ
ȸȴûжͽƸסˡ
㣬ƲĽȸסƤϸۣػΰǾӨգ˵ķҷһʱĻ˿ĭĶſȸԺȴϵ˸һЩȸ֮Ļ
ѽ˵ǣôأ¾Ȼ٩Ŷˡ
ȴֹǼ٣˵ģӦþͲᷴԣôƯ˵ţһʼǾ֤ǰҵˣӣΪӦҲǳĸߣߣԺʲôõˣ
֮Ƶ˫ֺȻһʹÿȸƽСȫԼСϣһ㱡˿·ԸоԷ¡
Ʊͷȥ˿˿ȸıݣѰҵ˿ȸĿ
ȸһֱڵȴƣ˼ĺ룬ƿ˵ûаֿһֻоȫ磬˫ʵУѾоûаƬ֮䣬̱ƵĻС
һĻ༸˷׷ŤȥȥˣĶ΢ôһ£һ뵽ȸƵݣǵ㼵Ҳûˡ
ڻʼҳһ̣עֻȢһŮΪޣӿ϶Ҳֻˡ
Ťɬ֮ȴ͵ۿŶˣһתȻȥڶ˵ԣĹۿš
һЩĿȸˣͨ죬ȻƸŭĵŹ£С£ʲô
ҾǺ棬ȸʱʲôӣǾ͵Ҳڣ
Ҽͷȸ̧ôһ¹µͷ
һ֮ززˡ
ҾǻǼɣǶˣ·Ը˷׷뿪
վסҪһߣҵ˵ȸһ¸ץסˡ
ȸ㣬㲻֪𣿲˺ȸ֪ɣǿһĸӦġֻͣΣʵ
ǵתڵĴ·λһĸӦϢ̫ƻûлָأΪӦҲܵͣھȥǰɣ
ھߣ²Ŀ˿һƵơ
ĺƣոձȸĻ棬ʱòǿϨǵط쳣ܵģ¿ĺΣҿǻʵۣҵǰҲûлָܸܣ·ǴҲɣ⣬ѾĶ飬ѾԤˣھͻɻ飬һӣҲĳģ
Сϣסĸ첲ƤǲܣеϻҪĶ»𣿡
Ƶ˹һۣƤڻؾȻȥǬڣҵ˵
˵̤꣬뿪
˲𣿿ԼõĻʵۣȻǰСת
ץסͶĶ˫֣һؾ
²ҪȥɽѰҾŶ𣿡ɻѵֲȥˣ
ɵֵۣòһǸˣյԼԴŭĿ£ڴߣ
һΪҪؾˣȸ㣬δ๫ˣæɣ±ס˿ȸźۣЦ
ȸ˵ͷһ֣Ƴ֣ȫ֡
ֻоǰһȻ͸о·һ㣬ĿĿȻķԼѾһƬȺɽϿգϼ֮ˡ
£ɽˣȸǳЦһ
ô죿ɺţ֪ȸġ
ȴ˵ȸܸӦŶ䣬ŶʴģҲһֱȴűµĵӵֻҪһգͽܿﵽ۷壬ʱָܻ䣬ֱͻʥ뿪ݴ½ǰ֮磬ǵıˣ


911 
ɽһبŵľھݱĴϣɽѩǣһƬףһɫĳԶ죬ռޱȣһƬãȻڿУҲܸһֺصѹԾ˵С
˵֮ƱŶľΪʲôûиоҿ˵ƺɽ
ȸ˫ϸ˸Ӧһ˵ŶֻϺ˲ܸӦ޷ӦǾ֤Ѿˣ˵Ǹף
ϵ·ɣĻɽưһ֪ǰǳ֮͢ǰ׷ʲô飬ʦǱ˭ɱģ·ɺ;ŶʧģǴ˵еʥ˴ľŶǺεģ
С磬ҪǷͷѰҰɣ˵
ƿ˿СˣǶᣬǻģѵȸʶҲ޷̽ɽ
ɽҡ˹ȡ׻ϳƻĹŽĴ֧Ƕʥ˼𣬷޷̽ȫ֮أһܽģҲУŵҲУȸҡͷ˵
ɽ֮Σ˶࣬ʹǷͷѰңҲѷˣҿǾȴŶͻϼƣֱǰˣ˵
ҪȵʲôʱϴҲֻǾŶϼͻһΣȸϵ֮󣬾ѾʧˣԼţ¶ֳơ
˲֪ȥѰŶʱ򣬴ߺȻˣ޲ǽ½ۣ쳣һڣƹ꣬˳ȴˡ
˫֮Ŀͱȸˣֿ˿Ķ飬ǰһʹʮĹ£ҲһЩȡ
λ֪ɽк£һɸ̬֮˫̤ƣƮݡ
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һƣüͷĿ࣬һ֮ˣɽŹϽѵ飿
ţüͷ˹ºͿȸŮ
ӴôĿɽǻĹŽ֧֮һĹŽУ˵˵ĻҲӦǾݵ۹ţֻռɽһǰˣ³
˲ŭЦݵ۹УλС˵Цɣݵ۹ʱӵйɽǾݵ۹ͻ֮Թפأ˸飿
¸˵ȴֹɽȻǵĵ̣ǿ֪Ŷ䣿Ǿݹʵƣ˵ŶɽֹѰҾŶϣ
Ŷ˺˶һ㶣ϸĴơ
ԭǾݻʵۣ˵ģ˷һ
ƿ˿СӣСӴӰȡ˾
֪ɷ֤ǾݻʵۣǶ֮ˣӦԸӦ̺֮ĻԲмٰɣƷʵ
ɫһ˿ߵˣͷ˳߶ˣȻ˵ͷЦݻʵۣλŰæһǰܲ
ǰ·һ
˵ͷ򱱷ȥ
ȸˣβ
²£ΪҪȥţڿǻһΣյģ
֮ǰ˵ģŶĳɽ˭пܵõʵ
ţ
ֻŲпܵõ̶εӣͿȸ㣬ǵİȫӦҲһЩϰɣ˵ѾԼݣֻһ˻ʵۣҲΥ飡
ΪԽߣԽԼݻʵ۵ҪԡʹɣҲ׵ĶԼ֡ɱʵۣǿǴģɱû䣬š
飬ΪˣȻһЩ;
ԣŵ˼ʹҪɱʵۣҲֻý˵ȥɱ
˵Ĵ£Ƶ˾ͺܿһѩɽ֮ۡ
ɽһѷľ޽ֱװĻѩ·һƬ֮С
ɽ֮ϣɽɼƶϷУܿ͵ɽ
˽Ʋ֮³Ϊ磬Ʋ֮ϳΪɽ硣ǸطƲ֮ϵˣˡ
žڽɽۣ֮Ʋ֮ϡ
ԶۺС֮󣬲ŷҪȲϼɽӹףʽ¥ƵŹ㳡ϣһĽϣͷ죬צ裬Ӳ񷡣
ɽϣͬУа˸ɫнơ
ŵɼ
Уһɫƣƽһ˫ĿŵƵˡ
λһ룬һ񣺡˱Ǿݹʵƣ
ޱ飬ڱʣѰҾŶģ
ǰһŶ˾ݹ֮ϵµȶյҸΪݹʵۣȻνŶѰءžŶɽֹ
ȻִЦȻȻһţȥϢҶɽϸѰ


912 Ϸ
Ƶ˺ܿͱһĴԺУСӡСµ̫๬ŮȥϢȸµڿ̸֮
˵ŵô£ȻӦˬ죿ɻ
ȸ˵ҿûģŶǵǾͱҪСģرС㣬ΪֻѪܿŶ
ô˵·ѾΣˣƷʣץס·ɣӦûʲô˰ɣ
ΪǾλʵֻۣλʵۣǻ˼֮ˣܷӳŶȸص
ҷӳеòʲôôɺɻ
ȸҲҡҡͷ
ƺȻһЦ̧߶ĶԲ°һ£ôʲô֮֮ǲǰЪϢˣ
˭㰮ĶȻô˵ȴ
㲻ҵİҿɾֻȢ飡ʱ˻
ȿȣǼȳȥ޲Tסˣˡ
ɲһ̸˵
鱻ƱڻŤŤһ죬£ǶЦأ
ǺǺǣǿǶ˵ˣǱһˣǰԩҳˣһӾֻ̺һծˣҪߣ
һ֮󣬺Ȼͽ
£˫ơ
ƴЦͰˣǾѩɽ֮֮ۡڣһˮ֮֡
˵䣬ʹ̤ȥ
¼ˣƲƲ죬ĹĵĻصߣˣ
ת£㳤ˣһ֪֪ʲôгˣ
һ죬һţȴҲûѾҵĶˡ
ĶȴһЩԴףҲǵģҲֲľܾɺãͶСĻˣ
ĶҲȥź°ɣһ·ǱڳܶģȸЦ
㣬㣿Ķ⡣
ʲôңҺͱѾദ԰꣬ȻΪ뷨㲻ȥͲҪ飡ȸЦ
ģȥʲôĶ
ǣںǶأȥɣȸһЦͰѶĶƽƵ֮С
ĶһңȻƺȻڴϣȴĹĵӡ
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ã˫ۺȻסĶȥŮҲ˳ߡ
ȸһʲô˵ɶŮԼĻ
һ̽ţŲҪʵͲסͰ˰ɣ͵ǵĶҹˣȸʧ
֪ȸҲͲôȴԼĹˣСӺСأ
Ǻһᱻȸˣûܴǵķ䣡
ŷҿ˿ֶ˶ڵɴ۾Լͮͮ촽ǣеƵĻʢ
ôźޣЦЦ
ҪǽźأĶȻһſϡ
Ƽˣͷһ̧Ǻ촽
Ķһӭ϶ϣſݣ⣬ƾһ
һԵȴɬҿˣֻⷿûбĵطȥֻܽͷƵҸ£ȥˡ
֮󣬶ĶѾƵ⿪ˣֱΣԼ·Ҳ⿪¶˹͵ѩƤƵߣҪϧĶ
ǺǺǣҪϧƽ·ȫ⿪ӵ˵£˿飬Ц㻹ڵʲô
²Ҫɬѵһ㣬ͷظ
ٺ٣˵ҪͲҪˣҵģǶңĻͣϣһֻҲѾһָֻǷѩ


913 ɴ
ѶĶˣһֱûҵ֣õĻᡣ
ĶҲͬ뷨ԱӭƵǡ
ֻԱߵȴһЩɬѵæҪ뿪
ƼˣãһѾͽֱץסӶĶ˵飬Ҫȥģ
ͨ죬ɬ¡ū뿪ɣ
УѾ˵ˣţ
˵ţƾͽסˣһƽ̹СϣһֻȴӺѩϡ
Ȼ·ɻһæסƵּ֣ʹɬ²Ҫ۸˼ҡ
ƷĶߣ³һһĶϡ
鼱æȴ˳±⿪ǴҲѾ̽·֮ڣӴ۵Ƥ
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ƵȴʼƣֱǲĨ֮ڣסķ飬ֹͣ
ֹͣûһָֻһֻҲѾ·ˡ
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ĶҵģҲҵģ˵žĺ촽
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ȴѾ·ȫ⿪ˣҫѩƤԼѩɽͷһЩһǣһֻҲĴ顣
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һԵĶĶһĻԼҲоӿģԼԼ⿪·ȻסƵĺ󱳣ҪӷĵطϵƵĺš
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ܿ죬һڣͳƵǰ
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Ƶ˵ͷſϣȸֿˣ˫ѩɽ׼Ů֮¡
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ȴĶĵ˸סˣԼĻԼ˫ÿסޱȵѩɽ
˰ɣЦЦ
ҲҪĶĶ飡Ķûбܻ飬ֱ
ȴɬ¸ǣ
ҵﶼһһˣ֪Ժɲ໥ļʣЦ
ţ˶ĵͷȥ
һſ˶ĶϣʮգЦ׼𣿡
Ҫ㣡Ķɬ
Ƶ˵ͷѾֿ˶Ķ˫ţ˵֮Ѿһƾ͸оĶѾΪˡ
ȻĶһͣȻԶĽƸӭ˽ȥ
Ķеľͽһ
һֻоͻʲôһЩѵĽС
۴ڣҲһʹĺ˳
Ķ˫ץסƵĺ󱳣ָƤ֮УȻȻɫʹлżúҸԼĴؽƱ˻
ѩɽҲѹһЩƽƵ˫Ҳס˶ĶĲӣԼĻУ·ҲŲٶ֮ӿ졣
һԵ飬оԼҲһЩܲˣæ˽ɴʣһԼ·Ȼ棬ȥãָоɬֻܽڵϵƵ·ʱԼϣȴ˫ǲļӽ࣬Ķһļ尾֮С


914
תһĵһΣȻڻг󣬶Ů˵ϤĲϤҪ˵Ļȴûй
ĶֱǸΪȫÿһ鼡ⶼʮ׼ȷĿƣ˫ֱƵĺ󱳣ǷͦǲϵƵĻţʹ类ŰΧһ㡣
ȻҲǶĶĵһΣǶĶȴͨŮôһ͵Ƶ棬壬Ƿ֮˰죬£檺̣
ƱŶĶķΣĴ£Ϳ㣡
ţĶӿƵʣٴν¡ϲ㡭ղŵĴܲܡܲһЩء
ĺ꣡Цһ˫־Ĵ£ʹץץ
ĶȻ¶˸Ҹı飬˲ĸӿˡ
֪ΪΣƼΪ˷ܵʱԺ֮кȻһŮ֮䷿µĻÿһһע⣬滹й·ߡ
ģƾͰй·
ʱ͸оӶĶڴ˴ЩԼĵ֮󣬺ܿͱԼڵֳַһ֣˶Ķڡ
˷ѭ֮ҲԽԽࡣ
һĶҲܲԼΪڿڴΪŨʹҪΪãи˷
˶֪巢ʲô飬ȴûֹĳȫͶС
ܿ죬ָԺлͶĶ˼ƣй·ߣϣӿˡ
ֻһҲǶ˵һΣûй̫ãһͬ鴤
ĶſƵϣƵĶߣ£ղô£ǲǰȡˣ檷ԼѾ۷ˣ
ҵΪҲһЩҲ֪ΪʲôԺЩƣһй·ߣƽ͵
Ǵ˵е˫֮ɼҵĹأôͻȻŶȸ͹½㶼˵ǰҲǻʵۣȴɼһʵۣ϶ǰˣԲԣ
Ӧɣ
ĶƵĻٴ£ҪΪӣ
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ҲԸ⣡ĶһЦʹƵˣŤͷԲ缧缧ãˣñҲźźɣ˵ΪܿŶ
缧æɬҡͷҳȥⷿ䣬û취Ǵˮ
ǶˣˮʲôһЦһɢͽϵۻˡ
ĶҲͬ
վ缧ǰ˫һ̽ͽ缧ڽɴ֮Уƽ֮󣬱Ľҿ缧ϵ¶ѩƤ
ҷ㴩ҵ·ˣЦһһֻ־ס缧ѩ
¡š缧һѾ
һͷ缧ıɽɽãŽ缧ϵ·ȫ⿪ָֻסһѩɽػţֱ缧ĸѾķſȥ
¡檡檣롭ȳɻһٸ£缧΢һ£ȴûа
ѩɽ֮Ľ죬ǳɻ֮գΪ֤ѩɽ֮Ϊ֤㻹ʲôأһ֮󣬱ס缧ĺ촽˫缧ϸƤظš
飬һԵĶĶ˻ֻоȫʼȻӿһЩȪʹֻܽĲ£
ҲƲסˣӺ汧סƵܱļѹԼͦεѩɽֱƽĲٱƽΪֹ
缧ƺѾƵˣһ߲ҲȻ޴棬ֻŴ۾ƵĶľȫͶУ̵¡ܲˡ
֪ѾʱˣԼĻҲȫȼ·֮ѰȪ̽Ԩľͽȥˡ
оܵصĽξһһͱ롣
缧ֻо·𱻻һ㣬ӴĶѾԼĶŵԼһЩۣǺִܿһָоָоˣǳʹľҪָоŲ·
˫ץסԵıӣŴȴָоɬֻεıš
ȴıסҪڵĸоҲԽˡ
ܿ죬ƾͳԺей·ߣΪĻԶ˵Ϊаһö˸ӳ־ãĸоҲԽ
ȻһУڵĹ໥תﵽĳһƽ⣬ʹö˵ĹҲš


915 Ůǧ
ƺ֮󣬲һֱĶӵ﷢ţܿҪһζĶలµ¡
£ʲôʱؾݣƵĺܲѩ׽Ƶϣʵ
ʱɣϾһûҵףǻҪȷľϢ˵ˣҲ˵ȥܳȥģѩɽŲô׵ķŹǣôˣ
˵ͷҲ֪ĸڹô
ĺˣҲΪǣ֪鵣ʲô
ƴǣԸһúõź£š
ǹĺ󱳣ЦЦǶҵĸˣѵ㻹ʲôΪﵽʲôˣ
¶ϲãҲﵽ۷ˣ
ĶЦ£Ϊ
ˣҲˣ·ȴãȸҲõȼˣվ˴
ŮΪƴϵ֮󣬲ŸԴѣڿϣȴŮڻ´Ƭ֮ŷŹŮ
ȻǸոϣžѾ򿪣¾죬̤룬˳ˣرעһϴźεĶĶ飬Ѿ֪Ů϶Ǵ֮ˡ
ǵµ˼ææ⣬ңԹƵĶ档
һЦôˣ
ôȸѾ̸ˣ˼һ
ʲô
ҪȢеһλŮӣֻˣǲŻŶ䣡
ƶʱüͷǿǣҸ׵䣿
ҡҡͷȸ㻹ںǽ棬ҲÿˣһκͬûжһЩʲô飿
תתһЩΣ뵽һЩµĶ
ͺãʲôȸ˵пָܻ䣬ĻĹҲ죬ΪҲߣ
Ҫ˵̽
Ȼ°һɡ
ðɣʵŮ˫޵ķ
һͣ˼Ƭ̣Ҳһ죬ֳ˳ŮΪô
ǶѾﵽ۷壡Ůͬ
µ˵ͷЧ
˵꣬˿ȸѾ̤
ȸ㣬ôʵ
¸ղŲǺ˵ҪȥһŮӣȸЦЦ
Ϊʲôɻ󲻽⣬ڻͲôŮˣԼдѣʲôʱҪʲôʱҪﻹһȺԼء
˼һΪӣǼ̳оݻλţŶǳ
ҪŮͼı£ͷһŭ
⵽̸ϣĲѾŶгΪֻлѪʸŶʹǻʵҲûйϵֻҪܿСǲҪַ
һЦÿԶô˵Ŷǿ϶ˣ֪Ǹڲ˼䣡
ȸɫ˵һҹʦˣ㸸;Ŷʧ϶Ǳŵ°ߣôȥĻûпŶǾ֤㸸ԸǣҪôѾҪôǱѺŵĳһ
ǴӦҳɻ飬Ҹŵ䣿Ʒʡ
ȸҡҡͷҪȵкΪֹ
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ȱ𼱣ҾҪŮˣŮ˿ŵһŮΪҲ£ȸ˵
һŻĸˣȻʲôΪʥ˰ɣ
ȸչһЦȻǣҲɼŮǸţһת֮һֻΪôߣȴûаǰ䣬ҺɻҲתɣôշŶС㣡ԼҲкܴİ
˼ǣһǰתˣţգգۡ
ڻȷΪûаǰ䣬ҪԼȥȷ
ʲô֣¶ֺ档
ǧȸص
ǧôô֣ĥš
ɫȴҲһߣȸ˵ǸŮǧ
ȸҡҡͷҲҿ϶ΪŮ˲ԸҶ˵ҪȥշˣǧǾ֤ϱǷģⱲû˼ң
ΪʲôѵϱӶʼˣƾ
ǵǣ˼֮󣬾ͲܲˣһΪ㱾ͱŮƣΪУΣ㶼Ƿ˼ҵģ˼ת֮󣬲ŲԸϣ
ǰôģ
Ӧûֻһûκμķɣʲôԭ򣬻ҪСԼȥ̽Ѱ
΢΢ͷȻô˵ֲ檶࣬ȥˣ
㻹ھȥɣʱ˼ҿڵ㣡Ҫ˼ȢҲһ򵥵飡ȸ˵Ц䣬ͰƸƳ˷š


916 Ƥ
ǧŮҲܺ棬ߵΪʵ̫ҲһЩִ٣ͲˣΪʲôԷôȴԸŵİţΪԼѵֻΪ˾Ŷ
뿪䣬ƲŤͷŮ˵ǻŸʲôһ߰
ȥŮǸŸʲôĶЦ
ȥ˵ˣ㣬Ķߣ֡
Ķæҡͷ˼ӻûϢŲȥ
ǰɣƹһ
ǵģǿȸɣȥʲôãһ˼۸㣬ҲﲻæĶſȸͽ͵Ƶߡ
ƿſȸ֮ǰһǣԥһ£ײŵץס˿ȸ޹ǵС֣ȸ΢һ£ȴûץĺܽûܳ
һȥɣЦǣſȸһ뿪ˡ
˳ԺӣǰװһƬѩɽŰ˳˷뿪Ժ䣬һṦ򣬾һ͢ĴԺ֮С
紺ǰƽɣŮӵ¥ǰһʯʯϿֹ
ǧãҰ๫ˣȸ̧ࡣ
ƶٸͷֻûһƲأȸȻ๫ָˡ
²øо˼Ȼǧ޸㣬ǧֲûоܾǾʹҲһЩԸֻҪܰĸ£סʱ˷۱˴һܣȸ
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ȸôһ˵Խע⵽֮һ뵽Լֶץסһ˷ܣɰôܱأһܱ㿴ϣ
ʱ¥һʮŮ߳Ѿߴ磬ƶ˹˵Ҽǽȥ
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˶¥һŮݣ泯˫ָ٣ȴǧ˿΢΢Ʈˡ
֣ȸȸȴЦǧùȻ˵ãȻعͨΪľ٣
һȻԭŮӸٲǸģǸЩľģֲԼ
Գƽ㣬ѵľͱҴ𣿡ǧûлͷһ䡣
Ծ֮⣬֮磬ҴˣҲģȸ˵ţŮһࡣ
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ǧĬƬ̣ŻصΣҲֻҪĶȹһɣ
üͷһŭΪΪԶ볾㵱ΪѩɽܶһУѩɽŶ߾ŶˣҸ㣬ʲôţʲôǬڣһ죬ҽҲûɣʵʵĵϰգɡأ
ƵͻȻԵһȻʹöŮһ
ǧѿڶ㻹ôԵ
ƶʱ
ȸҲ۾ǧ
ǧȴҲԼƺˣæŤͷԶ
ȻʶҵǰϧȴǲˣƳ̾һǰǷģһ᳥㣬ĺˣҲǿ㣡Ҫһ飬ҸǷ񻹻ţŶǲţ
ѾӦţԲ¶κйؾŶ㸸ʵ飬ԣҲضʣɻԼȥŰɣ
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ǧһĬ
ЦȻԸΪӣǾʹԸ޸ңԸΪҵˣ
ǧȴüͷ£ǷۺãһƤҶѣʱ޲ޣҪ𣿡
һĿȸ
ȸȴһЦȻˣպ󣬱¾ӭȢ㣬㵽ʱξ񣡡


917 Ҫ˿ȸ
ƺͿȸһ뿪ֱ֮ӾͷԼסֻȴþƽ
ô£ôôģѵ泳ˣĶСèһ㣬ƵĻıӣЦ
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ĶһǲĻصֱ˵õҵˣòҵģˣ
ƲĿŶĶȻҲôľ򣿸ңǲǾģ
Ķ˻ӣѩףϵĲƣѵĶĶ˴Ķˣ
ҵĶãƴЦ
ҲȫᣬȻô˵˵黰µ˶һۡ
ƿ˿£Ȼ̧˹µ°ͣ˵һСҲһˣ
ƵĿһۣŲңҿɻûг󣡡
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Ĵܲ˵ˣ糺죬æˣ㵽һԡ
ֿ˿ȸЦ֮Ȣ
Ȼûм䣬ֻҪɻ飬Զ˫֮ΪͽʱͻԽ࣡ȻԸİ㣬ͰԵռȢؼңŮˣŮʱǺģʱһãȻ㵱ˣкӣǾòˣ
ƾȵĿſȸ
㿴Ҹʲô֮ǰ𣿺ܶŮӶǰǼѡѡģЩŮȻΪܸˣҲͬŭ࣬ʹԷ÷ÿһˣǵн٣ϾǱ𣬺ͲǱһ𣬸вȱģ
飿ǰһʱǲǱ𣿡ƾĿſȸ
ȸ۹һƣĿȸ㣬֮䣬ûзϵĽӴ
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ѽǰôȻͽ㡢ʦ˶ɶ벻ԼǰȻôţ棬ʦɶˡ
»˵ʲôȸȴץסʾҪ˵ˡ
ҡͷ̾Цǰǡ̫ˣֲãֲã
ֲʲôѽҲĴһͶĶһƵĻ
ֲôţٺ١ϣô˵䣬˫ȴڶŮץץ
һЦĶ£ʦͽ㶼ء
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ƼˣżæſŮһץסµ֣˳Ҳȸ֫סˣһһСŮͬʱһͱƸ˻С
ŽֵĿȸԼǹ͵ѩƱ̲סڿȸһڣȸǲǺ˫ޣҵΪͿֱӲɼأ
ᣬ˭Ҫ˫ˣȸͨ졣
˵˵Һǧɻ飬Ȼ˫ޣΪͻѵ㲻ǧ𣿡
˭˵Ҳǧˣȸһ䡣
ںǧɻ֮ǰܲȺһ˫أֻҪҴﵽһ磬Ըǧ͸ˣʱ˵У
ڴ˵ɣµһۣҲںԼôǳأ֪תˣ
ԵĻΪʲôأŵˣôаսɽͷ𣿡̧ͷ˿졣
Сţ󷨼ʹҶ޷УȻ뿪ɱϾӻˣȸ˵
Ŷô뿪ȥĸ磿
Ӧǻ֮ɣʥҲֻ൱ڷķˣԣƣҲҪڹڼˣ㣬ǣҲüȥΪܻȥֱվ۷壡
ôΰ󣿡˵ţСȸһЩаһھ˿ȸĺ촽
ȸһһӭȥ
һԵĹĽѣȴ޿κΣûдŶˣͽȥ
˫ֻȸһʹÿȸظȫڻУĽס֮Ǳֱ˿ȸ档
ȸﲻʲôոɬ˫΢΢ƣȴûƣ԰۾һգ΢΢̧ͷƵᱡˡ
ŮһĻ׷ŤͷȥҶ࿴
Ҳûͣãȸȥݵң˾˽ɴ֮С
һĹ򣬿ȸʹ˳ǡ


918 ྡ֣
֮ѩɽ֮ϣŵƽʣ̵̺أһϲա
һɹٴ룬ڼ̫๬Ů£Ŵ֮С
һǧϲۣͷڸգҲ˽
ֻǣ̧ͷŵλ֮ȴȻˡ
ŵλŵĲǸţһûмӣⲢǾ㵵ԭ
Ϊڴ˵ߣһˣδĸס
ǸƮƮĿ
ֻоһ̣ģȻһЩ֪ˡ
źͷǧƵ֮Լͽͷ𣬶Ƶסˣ΢Цﻹаɬų⣿

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ЦǴӶĶĿдģĶȻҲķװͷ档
Ķ顣
һŮ񳤴˵Ĺ£ڹߵıǿȸ
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๫Ƿˣ
๫ȸĺ壡
๫
๫Ƿ̣
๫Ƿ
๫ɹѩ
๫ңѩ
๫ǲǵңأ
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๫ĸĸ󷽡ӺݵŵƵǰ
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๫һοǰѶŮǶӴǶأѼƵǰ
๫ǲѽǲǵã
๫ŮܾŲЦЦ
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Ƶۿ֪ΪʪˣȶĸÿŮգգֽĿλϣףܸô𣿡
һЦֻһϲȻֻжݵʮ꣬ȴѾ˺ܶ飬ȻҪɻ飬ǾȻʹһˣǷŮһش񣬽գҲϲӣ㿪磬ǧλ棬ǵ֮Ĳ
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С֮ҲҪүүһЦ⴫žһ󺺣ҲƵүү
󣬾ȻŲˡ
ЩװŮӼˣ׷һϲڳƺ
еŮ˻Ҳˡ

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ƴӿʼ춼ûܺ£ԽԽ˷ܣ˵Ĳһĳѩɽۣ֮ߺ죬Ұ㣡
Ȼ̫࣬ҲŮһ붴ˣҲû֮ͬһžʽˡ
һ֮ĶҵŮҲѾָƽʱıװ̣ΧƵߡ
˵ȥʲôطЦ
ݻʵ۶ûأѵ
ҲԶݻʵۣԼѡɣ
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游ĸԼǣȥ֮ˣǲżȥҪλ涼һ飬ٻȥɡһվȥɽ磬ٺ٣ඣ
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