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1 ʮ˱
8329꣬ʱݽ棬ݣȺ۲۵ǻѹѾɱӯҰΪ֮һ塣
۹вֿɽľʲ죬ɽҶʮʯıݣЩݻֺ괣֪ǰ˷˶پŰһ鷽ľʯˣ޽ЩΰĽ
ʮǱÿһǱסһͬͬڵˣųʮ˱ǶֿСһ
Ҷұ䳡
峿͸Զɽ֮ķ϶Ͷͷܶ
֮һܲ׾һԪΪԾ֮ʱǴʱڼյ°빦֮Чһν˶ڽһϰգҶұסǧҶˣʮʮʺյ꣬Ҳ֮ࡣ
ЩվһϰȭȭŸɴ䣬뻮һ
ɽס˵ʤ֮һ֣Ҫ죬գΨ첻ơҶҵ似ģǿһ֣
Ǹһȭ磬ȭʱű֮ҶҵıȭصȭҶھ԰Եơ
ھȭ磬εЩۣ絶һ㣬һ˳ɿ⡣

ǵȻڿҶҵĵˣʵڼִǶǸͶȥ˳羴Ŀ⡣
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ϵǱһһȲ֮Ҷս۾ʵȭһĿѣ롣
ȺŰԶһ䳡һʯͷϣĿһһ㣬峿ϣȴղġ
ֻʮ߰ӣ絶һ㣬ü罣Ӣü飬ȴһ˿䲻ĳȺרעҶ
֪Ѿǵڼˣÿھķɣۼܿľʧ޷κ
ӵܴԱ߹Ҷ¶ĺͲм顣
ϣѾˣÿ컹װģ
ÿ춼Ҫõô൤ҩҪЩҩˣ֪ټֱ֣ιȥˡԾˣĻš
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峤ĶôˣҶֶֹƾʲôͽһ㣡
ӵܹ˵ôҶĶҶ۾ţӲԳһЦҪǻǰԼ϶ȥǴһܣڣѾѧ͡ڵֻǷһ˵Ķ֡
ǰҶʮﵽףʮﵽףʮ굽۷壬Ҷұһеʲõĵһ֣ΪҶұѵһšһμУҶһֽɽɱޣ˷ȫûЩƺĥҶϣȻ˾˻֮Ҷ˷ˡ
۹ʵΪûʵֻ衣Ϊ糿Ԫ棬ʺϻָҲԸ⵽˶ĵط
תѾˣҵľҲˡҶһĲʣľһˡ
ҶǺʣʧˣľͬյĿľûһ˿
ʯͷϣɮ붨ʶСʶиֳһѷɵӰѷɵͨѪ죬Ө͸ΪѷɵĴڣܻôһЩϣûȫ
ҶһѰͨˣҵѷɵŴԽ硣
ĿǰΪֹ֪ѷɵʲôãÿʶ֮Уᷢôʶ֮СҶʲô޷
ˣ۷ȵףһ˶޷ҶȻƾǿ͵Ը˵ĳŪУ͵ʱ䣬ҶĥƽϵǣԱóࡣ
ҶھСдһ˿ȸУһ˳žתÿתĵطЩͻѸٵɢûãò㻯ΪС
Ϊʲô۲ҶһȭʯͷϣȭͷʺѪΨоҵʹܻĵѹֺʹ࣬ѵⱲעһô
ǰʵ۷ʱԷǳ˵ٶȣͻһһ磬һУѸٵת۷ʱǿԸ߽׵ĸֿ⡣ڣҪôһ˿øѡ
ҶòŰѾɥƽû·ⱲӶһˣ
һԼĪһĹ򣬾ĶѴһ˿Уϸ΢ʱŴ
Ҷתͷһ˿ڣЩл۳һ֧ϸСΪģӿÿƶһСξ룬Щʧ֣ۿžҪɢʧˡ
Բʧܣ
òҶ·ܵĳٻͻȻһŹֵľ磬ķ·һ紵γûһƳ
ҶԺٴθֳǰѷɵģĵУͻȻһ
ѷɵϣ̺ĳҶҪһ̽Լ磬֪ѷɵ浽ʲôܡ
һʱ䣬ɵԵز񶯵ƵʷǳƵ
ҶƴԼҪǰѷɵҪԿܲɵ
ͻȻ䣬Ժ˵һ죬ҶĶĤͣʲôԺըһ㣬һɺȻӷɵйŰĺˮ˳ŲľӿҶò˲䱻ɢ
Ҷֵط֣ȫƿأϽԼ˻ǹ˲ʧӰ٣·ûֹһ㡣
ô£
Ҷ۾һ㣬ûһڴڵشϢţ鿴һ壬ѵľȻûһɫ
ɵͣԺղǹһЩƣǿ˸оĪ⡣
ҶȻоЩͷһ£ط֣˫Ƥϸһ㱡ƤмЩƤмԼ˫־̥һ㣬Ө͸ʺۣӤ
û뵽ֻ˷ɵȻЧ
Ҷ΢ݣѷɵȻ棬̽һ룬ǵҹ˾˵
̵һڼӵܣҶս۸ֶĿɨһڻָ꣬䳡Ҷϣϧ̾һ鼫Ϊ˸УҶûڵΪ˵Ѿ֮ϣΪһеĵһˣδҲܳеػΣϧӢš
ʵҶԸǺϲģǰЩЩ꣬Ըȴǳ˺ܶ࣬Ǿϣպسɴֻⶫ׽
ĬƬ̣ҶսҶȥ


2 
˾ȥϢɡƲΥĻͲҪǿˣҪҶս۵죬ҵҶƣǶ̫󣬾㾡Ҷ֮Ҳ򲻵һö
壬ҲⱲӶһˣҾҵľһָܻҶᶨص
ҶĻҶս۶˶٣зʹҶԴǿЦһµúӣǲǾϣ壬Ҷңʵĺܡ
šҶͷȻϣֻ˳Ц˴ǼãϧԾ֮ķҩԴܹҵһöӾ
пյʱ򣬶ȥ㸸סҶս̾Ϣһ
ףҶͷ΢΢һʹΪ˸Ҷƣ׶ס˾޴ѹͷ϶˺ö׷ʮ꣬ԼԸס
һġ
ҶսۻȥһգҶʯͷϣаζӡ
һҶĶҶʵ
ҶЩʲôأдһ˿Ƥ
Ҷһתͷһ׵ӣǰһʮŮЦؿҶǳɫȹü۾£˫ĿһˮòһĨ͸ıѩһŮ㴫Ŀ
ǰŮҶ𵭵İô
Ҷ粻ӭ𣿡ŮȻһЦ
ҿûô˵ֻǺٿ䳡ҶݸYΨһһûиҳԵˡYǲҶYıСҶұû֪Ҳû֪ҶYĸĸ˭˵ҶYǱ˼ҶұģСʱҶYΪ޸ĸֲҶ֮ͬˣһЩͬĺ۸ҶʱѾǳˣӻҶYҶYԼһԴӴҶYҶˡ
ֱЩӶҶYһѾͷ˴ŮЩ۸ҶYļһһ׷Īٶ飬Ҳ޷ıҶYеˡ
ҶYӵܶһľ룬ƽʱ䳡˶ĵطΨҶʱŻжеķ˵ҶϣҶĹϵȴǸܡ
ԶһڼӵܿҶҶYվһ𣬶¶˼ʵɫÿǸҶYڨʱҶYƵЦЦҪһ죬ҶYųʣܻһ־֮ǧĸоҶYѵ¶ƤЦݣΪ֮һ㣬Ҳˣÿ˶һֲʵĸо·С
תۼѾˡҶYصһ˵ĸˣĿҶϣ緢꣬ȴºʹĥƽǡڼҶYԹҪҶָǶʧˡ
ǰѾˡҶ¶һ˿ԳĿЦ˭Ҳ֪ôġ
Ҷ粻ҪԱϣҲȫûϣ岮취ǻҵָľġҶYοҶ
ľô׻ָҸͰһָˣϵڡˣϣôҶȻһ̾ԼǷһȴô˹ԼաΪߵЩʲôϧΪҪǡҶΨһϣҲԺǰѷɵˡ
Ҷ˵첻ˡYƴȫҲҪΪҶҵһöҶָҶY峺һ˿ᶨ
ΪϵӾκҶˡ
ҩر㾡ҶҵĲҲ޷򵽣ôױǵõġҶЦҪõһö̸ף
磬ҩǷǳĶ͵ȵľҲʮӣ൱ƽռҼĳԴסãҩĶˣһö൱㽫ҶұˣҲһö
ھϵ꣬ҶÿҪõʮöҶҼҵʵҲôģ˲вҵҶұʮ˱սʽ΢еƲӣٹ꣬ӣҶұʮ˱У¾Ҫĩˡ
ˣ׺ھ˶ԹԣҶмӣ˴ҶûǰҶǸ¶ڣҶһҵ˼ҵĸоҶұļҡ
ҶԼҲԹҪָľǶʧˣΨһϣǰѷɵϡɵǲʱز£Ҷһϣ


3 
ҶYãû뵽Ҳ䳡ˡ
ҶYҶ̸ʱһ൱˹
ҶҶұſˡҶұһУ˴ﵽ۷壬һ߾ܽףֱҶս۵ŮҶ诣ҶYҶ塣ҶȻҶ޷ᲢۣȴҲ츳ˡӢΣ棬ҶұϵĶӣҶұĵλ峤ˡ
šҶYӦһ˹ָֻ䵭
ҶY̬ȣҶɫе㲻̫ÿҶ忴һҶһ˿ģҶСӵʲôãҶǰǸûѾǷһҶY׿Ҷʲô
ҶЩûУҶ忴ҶȻô˵ȴһ˿м
Ҷ֮ǰҶҶƴӣҶҶ£ҶҶҶؽţǳȣҶʱҶ岻ٶҶ֮ҶûһۣҶʲôֽҶǣ˲Ҳ۰Ͱ͵شȥ˳Ц
ֻеǵʱŻЩѡ
ܳ˯ҶػصȻǣѡ
ĳ˵ӹû̹峤ǣΪѼͷˣȴι˰ǡҶ۾΢УɨһҶ˵ֿõһö峤֪֮ǰҴҸֿֿҩϧֿ¹򣬵ֿ˳رֿˣֻϧ峤һӢۣȻ¹ҩѱֿΪЦ
˵ʲôҶͷһԴһֳ֪Ҳûи顣
Ҷ壬Ҫ˵ˣҶY齹߳һ飬Ҷҵ岮רŽҶ֪û뵽ҶΥһж˵ˡ
Ҷͷ𶯣ͷҶY˻ƵͳʵY𣿡ҶYķӦ˳ģҶĲһʹ׾ȻΪ¹ҩ˳ױϾһ峤׵ģǺεȵ衣
Ϊʲô˵峤ǰΪ˶飬Ϊ˸޾Ҷұù˼ʮĻҶұ۳ǸһķˣһͷײˣҶһƫƫЩ˻ôãҾǿȥ
ҶΪԼܿ࣬ʵ࣬ܵһίȸһУʲôҶ۾ᣬǿסӿˮףТܿˣģ֮꣬Ǻָܹ̤ƽֿϴѩܵ裡
Ҷ磬Ҫ˵ûе£ҶYؿҶĵҶ֪벻
İɣҲѰ̼ģô۾Ѱ̼ǲų򣡡Ҷսȭͷָһϵ˵Ų
ҶY۾⣬Ҷ磬ҴСûиĸΨһˣԲ£
Щ˻ǺƤҶЦ
Ҷ̧ͷĿⶨضҶ壬֪㻹дǰͲҸ㣬ҾԲô׵ѰģھΣ֪ⱲӶһ
ҲⱲӻзһ죬峤ȥֿҩöֿѶر͸ôˣҶһЦԶֻۼ壡Ϊ֮ҶһڣЦת뿪
Ҷ磬Ҫ˵Ҷ뿪ҶY̼صȻҶ˵Ѱ̼Ǻܵġ
ȻȥˡҶҡҡͷת䳡ȥ
ҶįıӰҶYһʹ
Ҷұ⡣
ǻֺ꣬Щ궼ûˣΧǽڱʴһЩûζͥԺľҲܾû޼š
Ҷұ۷ʱʮ˱ڶ﻿ʮ԰Щ԰ǵˣĲҵҲʮȥ
ſʯ̨ϣҶͨһ£Ҷսס˵ؿ˼ͷͷһ˿ѪȻȻ
ףТίˣҶ˻ƣ
Ҷģָܹ֮꣬ʵҶң׺ͼλĶ飡

һλ۵˳̾ϢһƳȣֻվԨsһ㣬ֻЩϣ֮䣬һЩ׷ҶҼҶս졣
磬㲻ȥ𣿡Աһ˿ڵҶս΢һЩҶսеһҶս
Ҷսֵܣ˰֮Ľֵܣ˰䣬ҶսϴҶս϶ִҶս˶棬Χ
Ҷյ⣬ҶսҶսѾˡ
кȥЩ꣬⺢ӣСȥʱңҪúչ˳ֻһ㶼ûо׵ΡС⺢ӾͼϽһף֪ԹңģֻϣܶҶսȻûгȥһֱעҶҶ֣Ҷս첻ݺᣬڿϽһˡ
磬ܶ£ҲܼǿҲһֱô׽ŪƴȫҲҪҵһöҶսصĿһ˿ֿҶҵ裬һ죬ҪǼӱ
ֿǼ飬ΪֹֿǲĿµŽ׸֣ʮ߸֮࣬ӵʮ򣬶ڳҲк̨ҶҸǵĶֻ֣ܴʡֻκҶٴίҲĸԸǷˡҶսҡҡͷүӻҶҵʵҲԶԶȲֿЩ׷飬Ѿ֪Ǻ˺˳ƴȫҲҪΪֻعҶսһ˿Ȼ
ХҶһᣬΪҶұ׸κλָѵľԸ⸶κδۣ
˵һԺеķɵͻȻɵзӦˣҶһһʱɵǲʱزһεķӦƺ֮ǰӾҡ


4 쳽
ӸҶصԼסİǳӣľͷĴ͹ӣ
ɵ֮һ޵ϵڽĳЩѶϢҶЩ壬ѵɵĳֻﲻɣԼʶȻе㱻ŵҶܿ侲㷢κ飬ĴҲܱڸʲôµģ
Ҷڴܿ״̬ͼʶӴǰѷɵ
һɹɺɫĹڷɵתôҶʶϿգ̫һ㣬âɡ
ʱѸţһСʱСʱСʱɵķӦԽԽҡ
䣡
һɰӷɵӿǿǰҶͬϪ֮ȽӣСÿ
˳ҶľӿȻɢ˺ܶ࣬Ȼþˡ
·⵽صһҶ۵һһѪ֧ڴϣڴڵشϢ
ÿµҶֵǰʵ۷ʱ۵Ҳ޷࿹⡣ľ̶ȣԶ֮ϡ
ĳֽΪص
ĳϴҶоһЩ仯ȫһһƤмĳЩѿһ¶Ө͸Ƥȫڻ
ȻѵľûлָҶԸоƺ̺һֿ
ԺУҶоԼһռ䣬ںƽϿգܶһ޼ʵĴ󺣣ޱߡҶһԶԶٻԼǸ˵Щʲô
һɹɾͣش·ðɢԾط֣Ƭ󺣾Ȼɵġ
Ҫô̬Һ״
һǳƬ󺣣
֮ǧߣ궼ò⣡
ǸԽԽңԶʧ١
⵽ΣֺΡҶһѵŹֵĵطԼԺǰѷɵйأȫĸоԲξ
뵽һܣѵƬ󺣣Ƿɵ磿
ҶԺѷɵ˺棬˵ѷɵǰҶģҶõѷɵ֮󣬱㴩Խ硣
˯֮䣬Ҷоɵͣ˳ȫתͨ衣ԭѵľ֮£һ˿ϵļ
ҶоԼ˼֮ƮƮ˯ˣŵġ
˲֪ãҶСʲô
ղŵǲΣҶţֱһ亹ͻȻое㲻Ծǰһһ㣬ʹڣʹоȻˣתһҶȵط֣ȫľﶼ

ҵľȻȫˣҶݣһԭһͿľȻˣһɹɺˮھӿ
ҶҲ޷ƽһǿҵĿϲˣ꣡ϵʱ򣬳Ŀ죬ڰ
ʱ䣬ҶѾ˼ᶨ˵ԣȻˣȴûʧ̬ĵؼԼ塣
ȫκһλֽš塢࣬һ㣬һɴ֮ʡ
Ҷ뵽һʣǾǴ֮
ճʱʢ񣬲̺һ˿ʣĳɳӴۻ֮Խ࣬巴ò䣬˵ֻнʮ׶壬ľ壬ﵽʱĴ֮ѧͻͽҲӳ
һЩ壬ӤճʱϡеĵҩӤ壬Ҳִܱ֮䡣
ﵽ֮ζжǿ󣬵ͨҪ׵ö࣬ٶҲͨ˿˼ʮֹҲΪʲôЩŵԭ
Ҷû뵽ԼȻдﵽ˴֮һԺеķɵղǸģѷɵʵ̫ˣ֪ʱ֪
֮һˡ
ҶתһѰתٶȣǰöˣǵ۷֮ʱҲ޷֮Ტۡ
ÿһδ߶ɵɵϾͻдӿ뵽Ǹޱȵ֮ҶһĪɵ֮УһԸԼṩ֮
ҶŷɵӿڵԽԽ׳
ܿأо˽׵ıϣʱֻһ׵ʵһ׶ıϣǿǰֱϡֽûκ赲ܿغȻ顣
ˣ
ף
ҶѾܾûиܹ׵ϲˣǰ׵ʱҲûڽô˷ܡ
첻ˣ
仰ȻûҶսȭͷĵʹȻһǿޱȵţӽ쿪ʼڲһˣ
֮ҶʼԱߵĲΡ
ʱһƪƿھķĶҶԺ֮С
ֽ쳽һƪķţнľˮ׵ƪ֮ӣ̾ΪֹҶ֣ƪ쳽ݣǱ׭Ժ֮һ㣬ÿһֶǳ
쳽
֪νʲôľ磬ʲô˼ѵҪŴΣŴΣܽ쳽߾磿Ҫôܸ
ҶһЩɻĶƪ֮У֮һƪһֽ׵۾ĹƪķܸپȻڲھЩƣִвͬƪ׵۾ԱھҪö࣬Ҳöࡣ
ھܹأһصĿھķڸҶս߲Դﵽʮ׶壬׵۾ܹأ߲㣬Ȼƿף麣Ҷ޷ʲôһ־硣
һȽ֮㷢֣ھ׵۾Ĳƪˣ׵۾ʮ֮һ
ѷɵҶұкԨԴ
ϵ־ƷھϵеƷϳ˹ڶֿĹ֮УѾǱȽϸѧˣ׵۾ʲôһֲΣ
ЩԴҲףҶɴ಻ȥˣھô꣬ѾһЩϵĻȻбھѧҶȻҪһ
Ҷ׵۾һص֮УȻ׵۾İҶֻܳһҲҶ֮¡
һҹ޻֪У
֣ҶľҶұĺԺûʲôͦģΧľСˮȻΪû˴ԵЩưܣȴ̺Ų
Ҷľһϵʿӽ񳿿ʼ綼òһˣеĻôǰδеİ
оһϵ׵۾Ҷ֣ھܶණǴģЩ󶼾֮ٶȿԿ˾쳽Ŀھ֮ҶѧһΡ
ɵ治ͣҶԽԽ׳ܿ촥˽׵ıϣֻһױĳ֮£Ȼ顣
ף
һ˴һ׵ףٿ죬ҲҪķһʱ䣬Ҷһҹ֮䣬ͽָ˳̶ȣٶȿνˣ
ҶţҪҪ׵۾ķھ߸ף׵۾׵ʵƺܿͻͽư˽״ﵽŽҲ⣬үӣŽ׸֣ʵʹһˣҶұܰѵǰ
׵۾صķ̫ף԰ǰصķȸס취һ׵۾
ʱ䣬ΪѼҶ۵ҶұʵǰǸ״ްԹԣλҲҶмӣݶ飬һƪ׵۾ܱ˵ġ
⣬Ҷһ˿â˭ʹԼϵģҪԷӱ
Ҷϰһºɣƽ²ﵽ֮ҶоԼĸйٱǰҪöˣҲǰǰûԡ
˼Сʱ֮ϰһ֮ǰѧϰļ似ƺͱȭ
ϵĹ๦ɱǿģƿԽϵ۵ģ˶֮ʱϵ͸ֵ壬ĹȭҪһ֣ȭʱͣ
似Ҷڵ۷ʱ򣬶ѾգʩչȻЩǺܿ
ڿϰ似ˣҶһ˵ļ


5 Ҷ
ҶסɱȥеҪ߸ףԼѾȬ顣
˼Ҷ֣кܶˣҶս졢ҶսҶս۵˶ڣҶīҶ壬ԼҶս۵ŮҶ诡
һԿһۣYҲڣȻYҶұλ⣬ڶ岮YŮһ㣬Ӳܻ䡣
˺ִʲôһ첱Ӵ֣YҶ֣ҶĬĬߵҶYߣš
Ҷսۣ㵹˵˵Ҷӿ嵽䲻ŮҶīߵƷ츳ҶұУҲٮٮߣǼֵܣôҶī
ҶԱ߿ȥֻҶҶս۵׶ȻӣҶŮҶãģÿΣ츳ҲǲĿǰ۷壬ֻһܽסվҶīҶ壬ȴһ֮ɫ
ŮĻ£ҪԼûи飬̸Ҹ诶ԸԸ޸壿ҶսۿҶ诣ܷĴ󵨵˵
Լ޷Ǹĸ֮ý֮ԣδǰʲô飬ȵԺദˣȻ飬ҶսۣǽãҶīص
诶ΪºͣԼҶԸգ͸Ҷīһ㣬诶Ǽ޸Ҷ壬ǶȻûҸġ֪Ҷīƻ飬ʲô㡣
Ҷ̧ͷһ೤ֿһҶ壬ƺ¶˾ĵλ岮ϣ诶ոͻס
ף
΢΢һ㶣Ҷս۾ϲؿҶ诣ʵ诶˻棿
šҶ诵˵ͷ
ҶսץҶ诵֣̽һϻοصͷȻף
ϲܡҶս˷׷׵أипҶұ㲻ںˡ
ʮ֮ǰȼܴﵽףδǴǰ;֮˵ܹ˽ףǾŽףΪػʮ֮ǰûף̻ϴ赤֮ļƷҩëϴ裬˺һΪҲֻܴﵽ׻߽ס
ҶīҶ诵Ļɫһ£ҶѾףǼ峤ǣû취κˡ֮ڼ֮еĵλȫһˡ
诶֣诶֮ǰ㱨μڵŲԣѾڵʸ诶ȥ꣬Լ֮£֮˵Ҷ诵ҲǼӵػؾҶ塣
ҶһԹ޵ؿһҶ诣ҶǰҪܾûӡ
诶ڵʸǺ£ϣ㿴飬ǲҪȵ֮˵Ҷս쿴Ҷī
ҶīƬ̣ҶȥڣļƻҲӰ죬ײɣ൱죬һȻˣҵҪô˵ͣǣ
ҶīȥҶҲȥ
ĿҶī˼
ҶīͻȻΪҶףʲôͼҶսüҶīϺ꣬ﵽЩʲô
֮󣬾Ǽ䣡֮󣬼μ֮λѾȱꡣҶսȻһ̾
ԭϺ꣬ϼμ֮λһ˵ˣƲӣлüμ֮λģֻҶ塢诶͋YYԲ˳޷μ֮λ诶޸Ҷ壬诶ȻҲˣҶСӣȻȻͽμμˡҶսһ룬ͨˣؿһҶս죬֪϶ﻮ˶á
ҶҶYҶ诵һСǰҶսҲζҶīıӡ
诶ҪȥڣҶˣҶīϺſգȻĻԲôưոݵġҶսһص
ҲҶСʲôУ˼μôҶսЦһ
Ҷս̾һһУҶɺҶСΪԶԶοû취ֹҶīˡϾ峤֮λѾȱ꣬Ҷīʦ
Ҷе㲻ףΪʲôҶīã诶ȥڣ诶ȥͿˣȻ˾϶вòôɡ
ø˾ȵľأҶһʱЩᡣ
ôˣҶս쿴ҶǴȰ
סҶ˳ͨҶս£ίˡ
ҶӦֿ֪ҩǼ£Ҷս̾һ˹ȥȥȻڵϵҶ˸УΪû£ɡ
ףТΪ˲ġҶ̧ͷˮʱľǴζƿ
ӹǲҶսҶֱۣ׼ҶͻȻһ㣬ŵؿҶľǸ֣Ҷսȴû˵ʱޱ𾪣һƬհףβŻع
ɢ˰ɣҺͳһЩ˵ҶսȻǿԼԵñȽƽȻЩ
ҶսҶһ𳯴ȥ
ȥıӰҶսۿһԱߵҶսЩɻʵôˣҶսе㲻ԾѵֱˣҶսɫ
ҶսҲɻؿһҶսıӰҡҡͷҲ֪ڼֵУҶսĹϵΪ޼䣬Ҷսÿһ˿ı仯ָƣղҶսģеǼ
ɢ˰ɡҶսӻֵȥ룬ǸͳһĿռɡ
壬Ҷû°ɣҶYߵҶսĸǰЩĵʵ
һҶ诵УҲ¶һ˿УаţҶ缪ࡣ
YõģҶûµġҶսЦҶYСԴ


6 Ƽұ
Ҷұҡ
ľˣҶսеʵȻЩЩɸղǲԼĴ
ǵģףľѾȬˡҶӿТ⼸꣬øܿˡ
޷޷ҶҡҶսݺᣬοصֻҪľָܻһжáֻҪҶľָֺܻηˣľôָģ
ҲһԼָˡҶ룬ǰѷɵ飬ǾԲ˵ģ˵̫ˣ׵۾ǰصĿھǾױȽϺãҶұʱڷƮҡ֮Уʱ鷳ʵǿҶұıǮ漴˯ʱεһ׷ߣָҵľ̸һЩ
׷ߣҶսһ٣侹֮£ôҶˣǧȷģ̸ʲôˣ
һƪҶԱߵĮ̇óֽʣĬд׵۾ķ쳽оƪ׵۾ֻһƪҶҵھΪӽһƪ׵۾Ļ˲ãƪ£ҶŻԼоһ˵
ǡҶսһ£ϸϸһҶдĶ𾪵Ըӣƪʲô֣
׵۾
һ׵۾ҶҵھӦòƪĲƪ˵ǧǰҶһ壬ģһַǳǿϵսҶû䣬ƪҲ𽥲ȱǰҶȱвȱķռŴھǷǳֻƷϳѧ׵۾ӦϵӦǾƷϵѧǰأȻܳԽʮף飡Ҷս𶯡
Ҷû뵽һι£ĪԼ磬żȻ
μǸ׷ߣܿҶ棬Ҷž޵ȱնȥǲ̿Ҷû䣬θ㣬ָľ׵۾Ҷսһ¼ص
Ҷ΢΢̣׷߲ģôһ˵ɷнһ㡣
һὫƪǰһִ㼸λ岮Ҷս쿴Ҷʵ
λ岮ɽڳΪ֮ʱȻ벻ûֻǴϡҶ˶١
߽ô꣬ȻҼ鲻֣ҶīЩΪôӵùҵ۾Ϊ˰Ҷϼμ֮λ˰ͨ㱻ϮͨϢ᲻֪ѼһЩ֤ݡֻڻҪʱ죬ὫҶս˵ҶīҶīҶʹ࣬ҶұҲ
ҶͻҶīˣôһ˵ڿ϶׿֪ϮǵģЩʲôˣֳսҶսȭͷޣһҪֻģ
Ҷս쿴һҶƬ̣˲ٿ࣬ĳɳҲ㳤ˣһЩҲ޷շģƼұˣ
ƼұҶĿȻһƼұʮ˱ǿһʮ˱ǴƼұġ
Ҷұȫʢ֮ʱвƼұĵλ޶գǴӺͿʼԸҶˡ㾭ָ֮£Բܶû㹻ʵԿƼұ֮ǰԲ֮ΪСҶīҲţǳҶīƼұȻἱ͵ҶұˡҶսǹϵҶұĴ£ܲء
סҶͷԣǰˣƼұԼһУȻҪʮȻû㹻ʵ֮ǰѧ͡
Ӷ˴ϥ̸ֱҹҶŴӸ֪ҶָҶսͻȻʮһ㣬˷֮Ա
˾ҶҲĸο
ҹɫŨء
Ҷ΢¹⣬ԼСԺȥ̧ͷԺſڣһɫɴȹŮƵسϸںڵĳ˫֮ϣԵˣƤ¹֮£ŵĹҹ侲ŵɣųǸŮҶY
Ҷ磬ˡҶҶYŵ
ѾͷôҶ΢ЦŵܸоҶYԼĹģǰһ¶ָоúůͷȥʱҶYɫɴ¹¶ľɼǣȹѩ¹⻪кڵأһ˿ͻŮ壬˼
֪ʱűӵСѾͷѾһ崿˵ŮŮ㣬öҶҡ
СҶыYԼһֻ֮ĸ飬һЩ΢ı仯
ڴʱҿҶɫԣΪҶ塭ҶY˵ЩŵؿҶ
ɵѾͷҵû⣬㿴ⲻǺܺôҶһ£ȻһЦǰȥɣҹģҪǱ˿Ҫ˵лˡ
Ҳ¡ҶYСص
ѾͷҵľѾȫָˣܿԷ˰ɣԺҲΪˡҶÿԲ֮ҹҶYҪҶŲóܷ˵ĥҶYð츳ʱͻ˰ɡ
Ҷ磬ľĺˣҶYУдš
ѵһƭ㲻ɡҶЦЦתһһɢ˳ȥ
ĻָˡҶY૵صĿЩ㶣ˮӿ˳
飬ܸˡҶЦЦYôˣҵľָˣӦÿĲŶԣ
Ҷľڻָˣ̫ˣ̫ˣҶYŷӦһ㣬һ˽ҶĻš
ҶҶYҵķӦŪ㶣ΣһЦҶYĺ󱳡
ҶYһᣬĨᣬһʵصİɣҶ磬Ҳ˵ġ
˺þã˲ŽҶYǰĸоʱʱŮ㣬Ҷһ˿ĸо˳ֵҶYƨɣЦǺǵصѾͷѱ鶼ˣĴĵԣҶͬһ㣬˰Ρ
ҶůĸоҶYһղ̫ˣȫŮб飬Ҷ˼ƨ֮Ȼòԣ񱻲β͵Сèһչ̣һ㣬ͷҿҶ۾Ҷ磬㾭ոջָҪϢȻȥˣ
ȥɡҶЩεصղҶYƨɵĶȷʵеˡ
ˡҶYҲƵܵˡ
ҶYʧıӰҶȻʧЦ˿ģȻðһ뷨ҶYѾͷƨɣָл൱ġ
ԶĲݴԣҶ߽СԺҶYȻվԭأȻ̣һֻСӣͨͨͣƬ̣˾죬Щ૵ҶҲ̫۸ˣŮӵƨĵ𣿡漴һЦЦ绨ֻǣ뵽ʲôɫȻһҶұأ
Ůʧ飬ҹɫɪɪͩ


7 ֮
ҶصԼСݣڵһҪͻƵļϽʼ׵۾ڵѸٵת
Ϊ֮ǰҶѾ۷壬ڣٶȷǳ졣
߶Ժеķɵһɰӷɵ֮ӿѸٵҶ֫
ɵ̺֮֮еҪö࣬ҶѾȫҪȥ֮ˣֻҪתɵӿ㹻ˡ
ɵ̫Ҷÿֻеʮ֮һʣµʮ֮Ŷʧˡ
ô˷ѣɵ᲻ᱻ˷ѹⰡҶе㵣ǵţ֮ǰǸξƬޱߵ֮ǾǷɵ磬ô˷ѣҲ޷ùƬ̺֮
ҲЩˣǲ˷ѣȸϽԼʵ˵Ƽұл֮ģѾҶұܾˣҶұڷƮҡ֮УԼʵԱûУᱣԼˡ
ת֮ʱҶ붨״̬·һԶԼԺĬ쳽أҶţǸģУҶ֪һЩϢ
쳽оƪںֹ׵۾ֻ֮һศɣˣÿһֹҪ쳽ΪͬʱҪֹѶȱҪö࣬ŹҲ޷ġ
쳽ֻ֮似¼κ似þ쳽֮߶ѧ޳ң
Ҷ̾¼ȻĹڸտʼϰʱ򣬼ʦҶ似ศɵģ似йҶҵھʮ似ʮ似ֻھܹʹã޷ʩչ似ҲһûӦĹף͵ѧ似Ҳʩչ
˹似ͱúôˡ
ԼѧԨԴΪҪһʷƾõļ壬ǵĹθøʺϼԱ⻹żԹΪУص似üǿֵĵ۹ȥ
˾쳽֮󣬾Ȼϰ¼е似ȫ߸Ҷ֪
쳽Ӧһ˲õĹ
쳽оƪѶȣҲͨ
ֻ׵۾ӦҲɾͣȨҶľ쳽˵֮·Ҫ˼ѵö࣬ҶţֻҪµ˿๦Ӧûûġ
ȴϤ׵۾ʼ
ҶǱ׵۾İ֮ڣֻڵһӿ׵ı֮£֧ܿ飬ΪС
ͻƽױ֮ҶԸоڵ֮ǰִ׳˼
Ľˣ
ˣػĸоҶ⼤֪ʲôʱ򣬲ָܻ֮ǰ۷״̬׶壡ҶţڵٶȣӲңԶ
裬Ҷغһһ죬ҪԼʵϴˢЩ衣
Ľ֮ĽȽҶȻ٣ÿ춼СԺ氲ĵ
磬ϰϰҲǺȡ

һͳҶұ
ҶȻ۾Ҷˣ뵽䳡ϼϣվһϵ·ȥ
Ҷұ䳡վҶˣǧ֮࣬һжȻɣ˶ѰԼλá
䳡ǰ˼ӣҶս졢ҶսҶī˵λãһյأվżʮ굽ʮľӢϰ֮࣬ٶϣǼ֧ұһյأʮ츳꣬ˡ룬Щû츳˲еˡ
Ҷұ߿ȥֻҶY߿˹СӴ˽׵ĳȹһ㣬֮ЩȺҶĿ֮ȻһЦǵԱһǲĿ
ԶҶ诵ĿȺʲôҶ֮ȻһЦҶԸоƽʱô˵ãԼǺܹĵġ
֪ὲЩʲôҶ롣
Ҷ˳Ҷ诵Ŀ⣬Ҷ֮¶ĵ顣
Ҷұÿ꣬ʱһҲᣬ֪ᣬʲôҪ
Ҷսվǰڵȫû֮ǰǰϵĸоԵþڡ
Ͼǰ˽׶ߣ֮ǰÿ˼أŻƣϣ⼸ͷص£ּҶ׵۾ص۷壬һ˿ҪͻƵļ󣬸˷ϲ¾ˬ
Ҷսлվڸ̨֮ϣٿᣬһЩҪߴҡҶսһ㣬ͳڳǧÿ˶˵֮ͣɼҶսҶұߵ̶ֳȡ
Ҷս쾫ѣǶ൱ο
ĲҵʮȥҾĻָҵ֮Ӫһ־չ
ҶսĻ˵֮һǿҶУϧҲ뵱Ҷڵ֮ţǵϣҶϣܳһսһǿ֮еõӣڣһпǲˡĪ峤׼Ҷˣ
峤ⲻɣ
峤ľҪΡ
ڳľ׼ķҶս쿴һȺеҶȻɫȴá
Ҷ磬Ҫģľһָġ˵ҶɣҶսӡ
ԣҶ磬岮һҵ취ָľġԱߵҶҲеصĺӡ
Ҷͷʮ˫еЩֵϵĿ⣬Ҷиܵ˼ů˵֮жԼ䳰ȷģվҶΪ׵һˣܶҶϵʱ䣬ǽ߾ȫڰЩ岮ֵܣܶΪʡԼãԼǮ׳幺Ҷֶ飬Ҷȴ
ӽǣҶֵܣҶĵﰵġ
ڶ£Ҷս֮ŮҶ诣ͨڵĿˣºǰ˼һ£һҪ诶ΪŬϽüӻԻͣ
Ҷս˻䣬ʱǵм˸ķ졣Ҫﵽڵʸ񣬳Ҫʮǰﵽ֮⣬Ҫͨڵſˣڵſ˷ǳ֮ѣҶʮһͨҶҲлᣬϧûμӿ֮ǰĲ£ҶٲȻһеĵһˣ
û뵽诶ᣬȻ˳ɾͣ˲ã
δϣҪ诶ļˡ
һļӵǣ׷ҶͶȥ۵Ŀ⣬Ǹ˾޵Ů֪öǣơ


8 죡
Ҷ磬ҪˣҶ诽㡣ҶY¶΢Ц˵ȻҶľѾȫָţҶ츳Ӧúܿһš
ÿ¶ҪķYΪͳ诶˰ɡҶ¶飬ϵ꣬ÿԲ֮ҹʹȥҶYÿζҪǿн͸ʹࡣΪYܿѾͻ߽ˡ
һ۲ֹ֮ݽ棬Ϊÿ˱ӻ֮ÿȻϣԼڵļ嶦ʢǿҶڽޣ¹˼֮꣬оͻһŮˡ
ϢǻǱȽ˷ܵġ
Ҷս˵һЩҶҿɽ̵ȵľӪ
֮󣬽һȵļ䣬̵֪ͨҶˣ֮ڸϻȥ֪ͨ峤ɽᣬ͵˽ɡҶս
ȵȡڴ׼ɢȥʱԱߵĴҶīͻȻ
ʲô𣿡Ҷս쿴Ҷīһ΢ɲľ⡣
ᣬǶһҪ˵
֪˵Щʲô£Ҷսʵ
ʱҶսҶս۵ˣҲעҶīϣЩõԤС
Ϸһ£֮һȵļ䣬Ӧȷ峤ѡʱˣ֪峤кοҶīۣҶսʵ
Ҷҵƣһ峤֮⣬Ҫһѡһ峤ֱִһһСö洫ӡţ峤ʱ򣬱ɼ峤Ȩ֮λ
Ҷұμ֮λԭǽҶ̳еģȻҶϮ֮ҶӡҶս챣ܣ峤֮λѾȱ֮áҶīʱҪѡμ
Ҷһ۷׷ס
ȷʵӦѡ峤ˡ
峤ȱ꣬е㲻ơ
˽۵Ҷī˺ǵ⣬ѡ峤飬ҶսҲϲ˶ˡ
һУʸμ֮λĵϵӵܣܹҲʮ˶ѣʵҶŵһҶ读ʸ񣬲ڴʱμ֮λҶYҶңˣСҶұȻʵûʸμ֮λôпܻüμ֮λģֻҶīĶҶˡ
ҶīĻҶϣʱֳ˼˷֮ɫμԣĪҫõμ֮λҲʸȢҶ诣пδΪҶҵļʱҶұҪ˵ˣ
Ҷսüͷ΢壬Ȼ֪ҶľѾָǻָô죬μ֮λ
μ֮λᣬݶºСҶս
ΪʲôҪºⲻƣҶī硣
綼˵ԺٽУҶδҲ̫ļˣ¶Ȳ𣿡һԵҶս
֮Ǽ䣬ΪʲôڼϽУҪȵԺ峤˵ŷȻܣҶī粽ã룬Ҷսʱ䣬飬䣬Բܾϡ
ûɣΪ峤ѵһȨû𣿡Ҷսһ˳ڶеĿ⣬ҶǱ߿һۣȻ̾һҶʵ֮϶Ҷμ֮λġ֮󽫴ȨӡҶҶīвʡ
峤ĪҪר𣿡ҶīЦһ֮ǰ峤һУҶ˾ȵľأڣҶұʮ˱ŵϵڼƲƣ峤Ҫ֣Ҿϳϻᵯ峤
Ҷī˵֮ǰǼ£ҶսԱȫ֮ҶʱĵϧҩݣҶұ룬Ҷ˴
ҶīĻҶ߬ȭͷһ仰˵ҶīҶīҶ
ҶսһԱߵĳſȥΣȫͷҿҶս۾
ҶսʮΪҶұʱҶұҪʮ˱𣬶ʮ䣬Ҷұʵһ׷Ƽұ˵º󣬱㶨º󣬶ϲģҪǾ͵ɡҶսȻص͸һǿơ
Ҷīɫ࣬ףҶսôҶսҶұױȣҪͶƱжҶս峤֮λܺҶսڼеĵλǣһҪѶϼμ֮λǾԲᶯҡģ
峤˰ԵԷڰɡ峤Ȼ峤峤ᣡ
Ҷīֻҧ
ףѡμ֮λǼ£Ͷ֮ļɡҶͻȻȺ˳Ҷսߵ׵ϣΪԼӰ쵽ڼ֮еš
ҶͻأҶҵ㶣û뵽ҶȻʱվ
Ⱥд̾ϢҶ峤ĶӣǶҶսĸ飬һٸԸҶΪ峤ģڣҶϣһˣϵ磬һǶȻû취쵼ġ
Ҷ忴һҶһĪǻĴ룬Ҫõμ֮λɣμ֮λҪģƣԲģ
Ҷս쿴ҶΣȻһ̾ǾͶɣҲףѼμ֮λѡº󣬻¶ķ飬ԭţΪҶҲҪסѹҶô˵Ҳòˡ
ҶīؿһҶе㲻ףҶΪʲôʱվתһ룬ҶȻǷһͶºûѵҶﻹԼ֮λô
ɢȥһ֮ļ䣬Ķп
һֻŵط߷ȥרŸ峤ŵġ
ҶұҶսס
֮Ӯüμ֮λô
ҶҲû취ȷǷһӮҶ塣
ӮˣҲͰˡʵ̶ֳָˣҶսҶ̫ѹҶī̴úܾ᲻֪Ҷüμ֮λҶīһ¾ҪˣҶīƼұ˽Ľף᲻֪ҲôƼұ
ѾָĽˡҶĿǰȼĽףԼڵЩŹ̶֣ԶͨԼжʵҶԼҲҶţڵʵܸҶ൱죬ʱ䣬ģܹٽһ
Ľףָúܿ죬ٽһӦܻҶˡҶսϻοҶոջָ²Ҷʵһףû뵽ѾĽˣǾȣҶЩ似ڣҲȫûʤ㡣
ΪŪ˼ʮžûȥðɡҶսԱߵİóһУʮ߿ľ
ףˣԺٸ޾ˣòšҶۿһ죬ÿ춼ҪܴӷɵӿϴͨûЧѾǧžڼ𣬸ûǮ޾ˡ
Ϊڼһٶüμ֮λҶī֣֮⼸žҲ˶Ǯ
ף׵۾ȷʵѾҪʹþˡҶص


9 
ҶǳҶսֻա
׵۾ҲȷʵһΪһ£׵۾һصķɺãҶսʵϾ׵۾Ҷģ˵ڻʲôѵʾؽˡ
쳽оƪ׵۾ֻ֮һѣεĿھһҪõģһصķҲδɣϾʵ簲ıǮ
ҼȻѾ׵۾ףԼɡҶ뷨
ǺáҶս쿪һЦȻһ£ЩصصҿYǳ׽ǲY
֮ǰҶϣҶսûô࣬Ҷָɢ㿪ʼҶĻˡ
һֱыYÿҶҲòϣYԽԽÿˣҲ׽ҶеʱҲȻĶ
Ҷս쿴˿ҶֻǵãǵãYҶұıȴǺܲ򵥣ǧҪY飬Ժ鷳
ҶսĻҶͷһݣ֪Yı򵥣ҶұȻĽYԋYԶ֮ǰҶҲû̫ࡣʵӦ֮ļ䣬ԺԺ˵Ҷ
Ԫ֮壬Ǽ似еľѧ似ڸ㣬似ʱòϣһ϶棬似ͬСɣһҪܣʱʲô⣬ѯΪ⼸գһҪڼҶս׻׻̵Ӱóһᡣ
ǣסҶͷӦȻԪ֮壬Ԫ֮ǼرֻҶս졢Ҷսһ˲ѧϰ峤ҶīҲδѧ
׵۾֮Ե׵۾תԪ֮壬ԽԪ֮ϣΪڣŽ׳ڵĸ֣ҲȻ壬ҺܿҪͻƱϣŽˣΪΪڰ˽۷Ѿͣ˽ˣͻƵļ󡣡Ҷսοص
ϲס
ܽŽףؽҶұڵ棬Ƽұ׾ΡҶս뵽ҶīȻ
ͷ룬ھȷʵǳһرʮ©Ҹһһһ׵۾һأȻҶսǳĵظҶھһЩϵĴ
ھһֻʮ©Ϊʲôҷʮ崦©ѵҴˣױϾǰ˽۷ĸ֣֮⣬ҪԶʤңҶüͷ΢塣
ôˣʲôط޷𣿡Ҷս쿴ҶЩԡ
Ǳ˼ҶϽ
츳ˣ򣬶Ȼ棬һͻףһͻס
Ҷս˵ʮ©Ҷˣʣ¶ʮν⣿
ףھһĩ䣬ֱ壬ţûʲô𣿡ҶСʵ
Ȼûʲô©Ҷսһµ
ѵҴˣҶЩɻ־ԼûдЩ飬ҽԼеɻ
ȥϸ˼һ
ȥ֮һҪڼмǲ͵μ֮ͬСɡҶսȻ
ǡҶ֣صӦ
ӸҶһЩⲻԻΪʲôЩ©ôԣ׶ûأѵԼ֮
ʵ벻ͨԼѾ޷Ťתֻܼȥ
˼Сʱ׵۾ϰһͨ似Ƭ֮󣬽Ԫ֮似˳
Ԫ֮似ھΪģҶڶ似ΪԵģҶһž޵ȱսʱھܻ壬ʵɡʵȻֻа˽ףԪ֮似һЩŽ׵ĸֶС
ҶսԪ֮似ǻʱ䣬ʱѴ߽ףѾ㹻ĵӣҶȼĽ׶ѣԪ֮似ڸҶҶ֮ڽԪ֮似ɹֻҶһԪ֮壬˵
Ȼܻ壬תٶȱƽʱϣλԪ֮似ȱȻ˵áҶԪ֮似תھַţ
ҪԪ֮壬Ҫһתٶȴȼӿ죬޷֧Ԫ֮似ٶȡ
ͨҪӿתٶȣϼѣҶƺһõǾֻҪɵɵתٶȣ֮˺ֹ
ŷǿһҶ׵۾ھĲΣΣ߶Ԫ֮壬Ҳȫû⡣
Ԫ֮зŶĬģҶ߶ɵתֻͻȻ֮䣬ǿ󾫴ӿ˳ŸתһͺһԪ֮壡
ֻȫͻȻȫһɽɫһǿϵȫ·ʱҪ͸һ㡣
תӣҶое֧ڵĵһɶɫףϽͣסַӣڴڵشϢ
Ԫ֮ȻԵʩչԪ֮ͬʱʩչ似ٻǿ
ҶڵȼʩչԪ֮ʵ̫ǿˣܼӶѡ
ֻӣҲҶ˷ܲˣҪ֪߽׵ʱԪ֮Ҳʱ䣡
ʵսҪʩչԪ֮壬άּ룡Ҷţȷʵ̫ˣȻɵ޾ģתԪ֮뾭ǷɵṩҶĽ׵ʵ޷ʩչԪ֮塣
Ҷ廹޷ӦԪ֮ľ޴ģ
շɵӿܿ죬տҲĵָֻˡ
һĽǵĹˣҪʱָܻ֮Ƚ׸ߵҪʱҶָһӶѡ
Ȼ۾ָˣԼԪ֮ˣ
ѷɵ̫ˣҶЩ˷ɵٶȣȱ˿ʮֹ
Ԫ֮壡
ҶһʩչԪ֮壬ָָ֮ʩչٻָһһ飬ʹõĴԽԽ࣬ҶоԼ֮ڵ֮ǰҪʵöˣӦѾﵽĽڵˮƽԪ֮ʩչʱ䣬Ҳԭ룬ҡ
֪ΪʲôʩչôԪ֮壬ҶһƣĸоûУǾڣһʱ䣬ˣӣûʲô⡣
Ҷī˽լ
ףҶСվ˵ǷǺ⣿ѵҶս츸ӣʲôͼɣҶоμ֮λȻĪˣȻ˷ܣѣ֪ûõӡ֮ǰǼμ
Ҷϣϲܸ༸Ϊܶ࣬ӦûвҪСģҶս졢Ҷս˵ֲһ󱲣ϸһϵļμѡϲܳһʧ֮ڣҪʵסҶīһ˿ɫ
֮ףôܣҶȻʧ
ûʲôܣҶīһЦóһУֻ֮һöɫĵ裬ɢ˵㡣
ö裬Ҷ岻ݣף

Ҷ嵹һ˵һöɻöǴôرҶʱѴ۷壬ֻһ߾ͻƣȷʵкܴĻס
ҲѣһֽЭԼƼұҪġҶīɭɭص
ʲôЭԼ
Ҷұ֮λҶұɽĿɽתøƼұ
Ҷұ֮λôܣ
ûʲôܣüμ֮λҶսϹĪˣƣǼ
ҶīĻҶͷһ亹׸׵Ĵ㡣
ǧҪΪϣҶīҶ
ףҶͨ£صߵס
Ҷīӹ֮Ҷһͷˣѵҩȥ
ҹ˾ҶСȻƻҡҷ
β׵۾Ԫ֮壬֮⣬似ҲĵزȻֻĽڵʵҶţԼ̶ȣԼ似̶ȣ׵ĸ֣ӦҲ֮һϳ̡
̫ͬҶҲԼʵжǿʱҲû취д裬ڼ֮ǰȻҶī֪ԼľѾˣ


10 
һֱͣ׵۾˵ʱҶٶȳĽ׵ıϣȼﵽ׵ˮƽ
ڵˡҶתһڵִ׳ֹΪ˷ܣ׵ˮƽȻܰԪ֮״̬άʮ֮á
ҶĿǰҲ۷ˮƽԼڵټԪּ֮ؼӦÿԻҶˡ
׵Ļ棬ǲˣҶұǧ˵Уܹﵽ׵ģֻٶˣٶǼ֧ԵʮǰףǻϣǰһʮǰûܵףӲͺϳߵĲˡ
ɵϴ֮ҶѾﵽ֮ǳʺϰ䣬ȻõЩ
֮ٶȱ£ҲãҶֻͬʱͣԪ֮Լƺͱȭ似
ȻʵҶһҲûнȻиţ꣬Ѿĥ÷ǳˡ
ʱҶұæµľǶΪ׼ȻҶұھüΪȣǼ仹ǲʡġЩ⸺ҵԱҲ½ػصҶұҶ硣
Ҷ綼ûʮǰﵽףֻͣ۷Ľ׶Σɵ渺һЩҵ
ҪҶҶսʱǲ֪ҶѾָˣڼ֮ǰҶָϢ뱣ܣԽ֪Խá
֪ѡμһʸμӵǣһҲӽϣڼһˡ
Ҷұæµ˺ܾãӭ˶ҶұΪҪһȵļ䡣
㳡ϣͷܶмλñһ޴ļ̳ʮԱɱ׼ȡ
ҶսˣҲڼ̳ıԵ׷̳Եʮλãʮˣ˽ףʮ߽ף֧λãȴǿ
ҶһСվҶսεĺ档
ܣôˣ˵ҶҶĶ硣ҶҶ꣬ûʮǰףҶսɵֿҶҵӻ̣Щ꣬Ҷ˹͸ѣһ緶Ҷһ̽ҶһֱûҶ棬ʱҶ͸ŹС
ҶеĻҶͷһůͷúܶˡ
Ҿ֪ʲô۶ѲܣǴͶģһԵҶҶһĵҶֵеϴΪʵأԵܵһʮչˡ
Ҷƾһ£ûƵ򿪽пһ£öҶҶ棬벻࣬һʳҲͲöѡ
ҶͷȻȴǳġ
磬Ѿòˡ
ôòϣÿҪôԼֵܣҶص
ҡҶʱ͸磬ľѾָˣ˶ӣһʱֲ֪ô˵
ֳĹģҶֵ֮ܵ飬ĵĽУҶĬƬ̣ѽзŽغãҶǿɲֻö
峤峤ˣһ˷ɱ˷ܵص
ˡҶս΢΢һЦ˻Ȼ̳濴ȥֻЩǷ׷׳ãһ뷢԰ףȴӣɫ۵ߣлһ·
峤ã
峤ã
ߵһ˷ܣ峤ҶһĴڣŽ׸֣ҶұĴڣǼػԵû峤޴ڣҶұҶսˣҲزסģ϶ͱ̲ˡ
һԣ޷ǶҶľ֮顣
壡Ҷս˷׷Ϲ
Ҷ˰֣ˬʵشЦһþûҶұˣɣϻοЩɡ
尲СҲˡҶսҶǰҲֻԳСӡ
壬ԶظϻûֶӴɡҶսЦصҶΪ׽ǲҸҶô˵ġ
ȻġҶһЦ׸ҶսһС
Ҷս򿪽УһƮ˳üëһ¶˷֮ɫϽѶл塣
һԵҶīֻɨһۣһּʵҪѪĳ嶯Ҷ͸ҶսģȻһҪ֪òײŴƼұһҶȻ־͸Ҷսһš
ҶС۰ҶսԼӣڳˣɲҶҪ
Ҹÿ׼һЩʱ˸͹ȥҶ͸˵ģȻû͸ҶսĶˡҲ˵ʲô
СƬ̣׷
˵䣬Ѿʼˣʨò֡
Ҳڵ䣬ҶұȴЩѵǿҶһԱߵҶս죬ʵ
Ҷī΢΢һ˿Ц⣬Ҫˡ
ǰҶϮϡҶսЩȻصǵӰһֱû˵
ҶͻȻһǿƣŭӣʵǺΪǰ̽ҶľҶС֮У츳ѣлŽףδҪҶļϣҶȻ͵ϮնҶҵδ
δȷҶս
Ϸ֪ǺΪϷҪָ˵ҶҶս죬֪ҶǺӣôˣ
ҶսҪ˵ҶīͻȻҶȻʱϣǰ峤ȫ֮ΣĴ޾ΪҶ֮䣬ҶұĲҵʮȥʶҶұһƬ
Ҷīô˵ҶսҶս۵˶ֲ֮ɫҶī峤֣֮Ҷս
ܲܲ˳βܣҶսһԵ
ҶؿҶīʵ峤ͬ飬ô
ҶīҶĻͷһ£ǵ꣬峤֮λҶұϲ䵽˽飬ڼ֮ϣ
ҶصҲ峤֮λ㣬Ҳԭʲô˽飬ʲôǼ棿ν壿岻ܸṩӻܣǻҪã֮ˣҶ֮ˣȫ֮Ȼ޻ڣ֮ˣزʹ㾡֮ƣʵҲҪʩΣҶ֮峤֮սΣҶҵһ峤Ҳǣ
ҶīɫǺ죬Ҫ磬Ͷ˶ȴʲôû˵
Ҷվһں֮УҶⷬҶۿЩʪ󣬴ӽ쿪ʼò¶幫ǿҵľ֮飬ƽ岮ڶֵܶԼĺãҶġ
峤峤ڼ֮ǰһҪб䣬ѡ峤ǷھҪʼԱһʵ
Ҷ̾һȻҶϣѾ޿أǾֻˣһУܲܳһģҶұҪ֮ȥǵվУҶս֮ŮҶ读ʸϢĸοģڰֵʼɡ


11 ս
μѡǼǳҪʽμһѡδһʱ䣬μеļ񣬵ȵμܹ֮λϼλҸطרȥˣ峤ҶһֻǼμڼеĵλҲ൱ġ
μһʵǿģҪһսǱ֮ͬ˴ܣǾֻλˡ
ʹ˱̨²ţ˭ΪҶұļμ
诶֮⣬һʵǿ˭峤Ҷʵ
诶֮ǋY
ËY²ס
ǾӦҶīϵĶӿˣڶսֱ۷׷ס
Ǿȥ԰ɡҶص
Ҷī¶ϲɫ󷽵Ҷ壬ȥ԰ɣд裬мǲˣ
ǣףҶ峯ǰĹ㳡ȥԵ־
ҶıӰҶսüͷ΢壬Ҷ͸Ϣƽʱе㲻̫һѵҶīʲôҶͻ˲ɣеָ֪ôˡ
Ҷսصؿһۺ󷽵ҶҶӣЦһ£ǹңǵȽ˵ɡ
磬öɡҶս͵͵ذҶĽҶս졣
峤͸ģŸӰɡ
ⲻҪ
ڲҪˡҶս΢΢һЦ룬ҶָϲѶܻܲüμ֮λôҪô뵽ȻһЦ
Ҷս췢ĵ΢ЦҶսһ£ûмЦˣҪѵľ
¿֪ˡҶսһЦ
ҶսЦݣҶսɻͷһĪļ
˵䣬ҶѾǵĿ֮£һڿգ̤˱̨
ּͣ
诶СҪȥڣμӱԣYСֲܲμӣҿμ֮λȻڿˣ
·һС۷׷ס
ܴӮı䣬ҶҵļμˣҶٸ־
λֵͬܣսôҶ忴̨£Ӹ£ȻһֽľãһεҶ峤ٲȻѾĪˡ
ҶҵǶҶ壬Ҫ峤ϣߣΡ
īӢ˲ȻӢ۳ꡣһһԵ
ҶīЦеص
֪幫ۣԱһսֱϿҶʵ
ǰ̽һҶ󱲵ʣ⺢ӵҲһЩӡпɣƽӹ˵㣬һμҲΪѡҶ̾ϢһǺ֮УʣҶҵδǲ̫˵
Ҷīüëһ£Ҷ϶ǶҶ岻⣬룬㲻ΣѵһУбԼӸ츳ʺ峤ôҶȻ츳ѣ˸õȥ˸ܸԼμ֮λ
һӰ˱̨
Ҷɣѧղָ̣ҶҶǸֺӣһ
Ҷɵܵܿˣ롣Ҷ嵭Ȼذһơ
Ҷתڵͺһɱȭһȭȥ硣
Ҷʮ꣬ڣ츳ҲǲĿǰʵ֮Ҷ壬һЩ
ҶɵɱȭмҶҲ̫⣬תüͨ似ƷȽס
ҶǺӣѧʵ˵ʮǰƽױϣﵽסҶī޵һҶս벻ͨҶսΪʲôҶôãо֮ĶȻԼʹãȥҶǸ޵׶
ҶīĻҶսһ˵ģǼٵģǣҶҲĺһۿҶԲ֮ҹʹȥӣȻӲ˷ѵҲûʲô
ЩĶԻվںҶһھָԺٳΪ׸ˣ̨ϿһۣҶɺ·硣
Ҷ磬ҶʵǰӾˣҪСġ֪ʱYվҶߡ
šҶ˵ͷ
һãҶϰɡҶYϸľȡһ壬Ҷġ
һĴдĴҶſֿһ£һöԲ壬һֻˣɶ칤öҶYһֱûȡ¹滹ҶY£֪ⶫȻ
ģһˣҿɾǧˣ㻹ǸϽպðɡҶһԲ壬оڵķɵͣز嶨ȻͬСɣرËYϽպã
ǡҶYš
ѵ㲻ҶôҲģҶɢһǿҵš
Ҷ飬ҶYۿ΢죬ǸŵҶ磬ֻˣ˵ͷö˻ȥ
Ҷһţֶ˼ֳȡ׿ȻȣۣΧŮǷ׷ײĿܾҶǰЩһˡ
̨˾Ϳֳʤˣ˵Ŀ⣬ٴξ۽ڱ̨ϡ
صһҶҶɶһƣҶɵŵŵʮŲ鸡ɫףҶ壬һȻ
ܵܳˡҶ΢΢ȭ˵ĵȻѡ
ʵˣҶɸʰ·硣Ҷ˵꣬ӱ̨Ծȥ
һ˷ܵš
ֹȻ˵ãʵ׿Ҳֻһ˰ɣ
Ӧˣ
ҶԼʵ൱ģҶɣһҲûиоģһͻףǽ׼ֵУǽȻͬ磬ֻûаȫʵչֳˡ
ҶһһӵսҶܣ̨ϵҶȻеӡ
ûսҶ廷ʵ
һڼӵȴûӦ
ҶػһڼӵܣҶīпϲӦҶ峤ʤѷ֣㿴Ƿܹʤμμ֮λ
Ҷ˵Ⱥһͻأ
λԵȣҲսһ¿ܡ
ǵĿ⣬˲۽Ҷϣ˵ľȻҶǶһŵĸоղǲԼˣ


12 ף
ҶϣսҶ壿
ɻ
ôҲ뵽ҶѾָˡ
ҶҶս۾һŵؿҶս죬ʧ磬
Ҷս΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ȻģҶսҶս۵Ҳ𾪡ɻ漴Ϊϲ
첻ҶңҶս֡
ǶԣҶʵָʲô̶ˣΣֻҪҶľˣֻͨˣҲ൱οġ
Ҷīû뵽ͻȻıʣѵСľĻָˣôܣҶսŪҶսǿЦݣҶīĳ˹ȵףҪҶָֻǰһ츳Կļμ֮λһвɫÿ£⵽ô£
ûףĿע£Ҷ˱̨
ܹһԾɣҶָ飬㲻м٣
ҶǺӵľȻָˣ
ѵ峤Ū˶
Ҷ֮еļ߶ݵص
ҶľָˣҶɡҶ˼Ա
ֲ˵ԼҪˣɰúòңҶ˵ţЩʡ
ܷɡҶѵӣҶǺһЦѪŨˮ׵ܵתϲѡ
ȻҲлֲ̿ˣЩЦҶͬﶼЩ㷲ЦҶǸҶھָˣ֪ʵôԺ󲻻ǰɡ
̨ҶӰһ統һӢ
Ҷվڱ̨ϣ³һˣ˭֪ҶܵĿ˭ᱻ˳Цɷ裡˭ҶĵĲʣ
û뵽ܱ֮꣬һգҶ鵭ؿҶ塣
ȷʵ벻ҶεصԾǸҶž޵츳ͯ˷ǳӰʱ򲻹ôŬֻؿԼҶĲԽԽֻԶԶԭΪҶϣһˣҲûлԼˣû뵽ôۣȻһľָֻˣתһ룬ҶҲǸջָãʵδжǿѾˣҶ۷ʱȥԶΪҪ뵽ĵ׳˼֣΢ЦݵصҶ羭ָˣǿϲɺء
ҶһҶһȻһЦصСˣҶʲôˣѿһ
ҶߣҶеҲס
Ҷһȭ֪Ҷʵָôˣ֮ϣ岻ΣԸҶдһҶм壬˵һЩ滰ȴм
֣ɡҶȻص
ǿȫ֣Ҷ֡ҶôԼҶ尵գ˶ָΪǵǸҶôȻˣط˻ڣҲڶ̶ʱףҵõμ֮λ취ʰ㣡
˶Ŀתؿ̨ϣǸǾ޵ܷ꣬һθ˴ϲҶǵϣϧҶͬʱҲżδڣҶľͻȻָˣǵģһ˿ڴ
ҶھͺһƳҶȥȭб֮
ҵȭ
ҶСģʱҶ壬ӣϾҪüμ֮λҪչһЩȵġ
۷壡
ҶȼȻŸո׳ڶѣԣʵӦÿѹҶһͷ
û뵽һıȭҲ˴ĵزҶףʱ䣬Ҷһ̶ûͣٹ΢΢һ࣬Ҷ͵һȭ͵ҲһǱȭȥ
Ǽ似ȭ˫ϣҲʤ
̨Ҷս졢Ҷս־ϲ
磬ջָʵȻѾ̶ֳָȣع˶ãɳˣҶսϲص
ѧ츳һУӦϵһˣҶսҲص
ҶսǺһЦһ°͵ĺ룬ο飬Īںˣ
Ҷս˵ĻҶīüë΢΢ţʾĵĲƽû뵽ҶľȻָˣʵҲ˳̶ȣʼδЦһ£Ҫ˵̫磬Ϸںͷء
ʱҶû˵ؿų̋ϵˣ˼ӣҶȭʱٲȻѾﵽ˱ȭļ£򵥵ıȭҶʹһ˿ĸоĪҶһţ
صһը죬ҶҶһȭҶŵŵŵ˺üҶֻҡһ¶ѡ
ҶȻռϷ磿
Ǵ۾ҶʵѾﵽ۷ˣ
Ҷɫе㲻ÿȻûóȫ·磬ҶʵȷʵѾﵽ۷壬ֻһ߶ѣֱ׷ںĸоķңҶ꣬Ÿոպãʵͻָ˳̶ȣԼ˻ɣѵĲôࣿöѾˣ
һƽ飬Ҷû뵽ҶѾ۷壬Ҳˣͺһһɰȫ졣
壬ҶȻѾˣ
һУҶ诣ڶ׵ģ
·Ⱥһ궯֮УԺ޲ꡣʮʱﵽ˽׻ûģ츳׿Ļ˵ܳŽסоȻ׵ģǼĪ£ҪҶҲͻƣǾˣ廹Ǵϣģ
û뵽Ȼﵽףϲīϣ
Ϸ׷ҶīϲҶīȭЦƣȴЩûǿҶٹҲδܴﵽףõҩԼ߻ǿȥҶǰ츳Ͳ˵ˣھŸջָ㵽۷壬ܲѵҶī֣ô
Ҷ屩壬Ҷһüͷû뵽ҶһȻͻף׺֮䣬òһǰ㣬мĪĺ蹵ҪȻҲôһͣ۷壬޷ͻˡ
ȻڵǳҶҲԼڵʵܷԿס
Ҷ磬СˣҶһ˿ݵɫɱˣյףƲô˵˾Ͳܹˣע⣬ҪҶͷŪ㰵˳Ǿ͸ˡ
һǿҶƤһ㣬ʹڵӿ׵ѹƣ൱ģ
ʱҶ񱩷еһҶСۣʱҪɳȥ
ǶΪҶһѺ׺֮Ĳ࣬ǵܹƽģ۷壬Ҳδܴùһ׳ڵߡ
̨ϣҶսĿתضų̋ϣֽץӵķ֣Ƥһ˿⣬˿ģһ㶼ƽ
Ҷս죬ҶYҶ诵ˣҲŵҪ


13 Ԫ֮壡
ŭεĿ֮£ҶûƬ̵ͣ٣ʶ֮С
˿ֻܽڷɵˣ
˵һԺǰѷɵĲһ˲䣬ӷɵ֮ӿʱɵӿľҶԼɵѹ˲ʧӰ١
ҶͫȻһĨ⡣
ƣ
ҶӭųҶ壬һƺֻصһװը죬һӰ˳ȥŵŵʮ
ôڳ˶һ̨Ҷ
ɳȥȻҶ壬Ҷ綤ڵһ㣬Ȼ
ҶȻ۷׵Ҷ壡
ȫǵ֪
̨ϵҶҶս˶¶ɻ֮ɫΪˣǱκ˶׺֮ʵ࣬ǵҶȻ۷ʵ׵Ҷ壬ܲǾϲ
û뵽ɵҶݵţһ߶ɵʵֹȻȵѹ׵Ҷһͷ
ڰҶ˾ϲ
Ҷɫ԰ףû뵽Լȼ֮󣬾ȻҶĶ֣Լ̵ƣһӵȻ޴棬гãȻԻԭΪμ֮λֿɵãͻȻңԶ
ѵҪôҲģƾʲôǿƾʲô
μ֮λҵģ
ҶĶҶĳ޺͵˲䱬˳Ȼһ˿תڵֵƤ˲ī
ȥɣҶĿţҶȥ
ҶīҶĶɫ˲ò԰ףֹѾˡ
СӣңҶս쾪ŭӵվ̫ԶݺݵصһҶī˻صҶī̵ĺöӣҶӳκ飬ҪǸһᣡҶսϵƣ˲䱬˳ȥ
ŽףȻǾŽףҶīĳ˹ȵס
ҶսҲ׷׵վǵĶ˰С
Ҷʩչ似Ǽ֮Ϊݶצ似ǰǰһҶа֮ԷڣȫشֱǱצУ֮ͬ˱ɣοҶȼҶһ
צ׵ƢɱǸҶɱͬˣΪҶҵͽҶ׷ɱɽ׹¶צ似Ҳѵ򲻵ѣԲû뵽צ似ȻǴ似ԵҶҵĳҲͰˣҶȻͬʹã
ͬУǴɣ
ҲѹҶս˻˼Ҷ֪飬ҶһƣǺ֪
ҶƷХּϢҶ˲
ʲô似
ҶףʱԲκε֣
Ԫ֮壡
ڵ̵ıȫƤ𵭵Ľɫʣһɫսһ㣬һƣ
Ԫ֮ļӳɣʩչıֺֹ
ҶһƵסҶƣһӡҶؿϣҶʱͬһֻߵķһ㣬صڱ̨ıԵ۵һصѪ
Ҷ̧ͷһҶԹ޵綾һ㣬ҵſ˵ϡ
ҶоһϢĴҴܣҪƻľϽ߶ɵƬ֮䣬ɵӿǹϢɵʣ
ûˣ֪Ҷһʩչʲô似̨ϸ׵˶ݵӣ似Ӧúܲ򵥡
ҶսԾ̨ϣץҶ֣üͷ΢壬Ҫ̽ҶƣЩͬʯһ㣬ѶȻҶȼҲ̽ⲻ
ôҶսеʵ
л״˹ģҶһЦˣҶĳŪȻڶԹڳˡ
Ҷô˵Ҷսŵģڷ
Ҷսɨһ۱̨Ҷ壬һȥưɣתͷڶˣҶҿֱҶ͵似צͬ˳֣ʮ꣬丸Ҷī޷᳤֮λִһ٣˿飿ʱԸҶīʱҺҶû£ɲô꣡
ֻצҲ˵ʲôǶͬʹצǲ̵ˣ
û飡
ҶīһҰܣ༸λϣǼλ϶תͷȥûղҶսչ˾Ž׵ʵڼ֮еĵλȻ峤죬ٸҶսԣǲǣ
ҶīĿתƵҶϣҶ壬ҸԸ췣С֪һ棡
ҶЦһ㵹ڣҲӵצ̵ģ˰ǰĽѵôʮˡ
Ҷô˵Ҷī֪Ѿ޿ˣҧأؽԹ˻ȥ
ҶīҶ屻ȥҶսҶīˣҶīǴϣû֤֤ҶīƼұֻһֱţѰ˻ᣬҲֻܷϵҶīĳ֮λѡ
䷢飬ʹģҶΪҶұμҿ飿Ҷս컷һʵ
û飡·ͬغҶüμ֮λҲ飬ܹ׵Ҷ壬֤Ҷ׵ʵˣԹʸˡ
ҶɡҶҶ˶˷ܡ
Ҷ磬ϲ㡣ҶYų̋ӢˬҶĿзһ˿ʣ૵ص
ʱһˬʵ
ϲŽף˵ģǿ̨ϵҶս
ֻ˵һը죬Ⱥһɧ
峤ˣ𣿡
ս˵ģزм١
峤ҶұŽףǰôηƼұˣ
ϲ峤
ϲ峤
һǷ׷̨ϵҶսϹʾ⣬һ˸ݺᣬˣҶұŽ׸֣Ǳκ˶Ž׸ζʲô
Ҷʹˣ˵һݺȥҶұһҶұ᧿ΣˣãҶս峤˾ŽףղΪҶīҶɵĲ죬ȫɢ
Ž׸֣ǼıΪŽ׸ֵľ޴ŲҽҶұ
ҶҶսҲ׷׵˱̨
幫Ҷս쿴Ҷ
Ҷͷ΢Цϲɺأ㵽˾ŽףҼϵĵӾһ룡ĿҶϣʵղŻҶʱõ似Ԫ֮壿
ղҶսҶ壬ûע⣬Ҷôһ˵ҶҶʱƵɫǷʩչԪ֮ʱɫĪҶѾԪ֮壿ôܣҪ֪ǰŰԪ֮ؼҶô죬Ҷˣ뵱ǻ꣬Ԫ֮壡
ڴĿ⣬Ҷ֪϶޷ģ˵ͷղųõ似Ԫ֮壡
Ҷ϶Ļش˵һ
Ԫ֮ǳ̣֮һҪ߽ϣԪ֮壬ɷǳѣĿǰԪ֮ģֻҶҶսҶս˶ѣҶս۶δɣҶȼ۷壬ȻҲԪ֮塣
磬Ҳ̫ƫˣʲôʱ͵͵Ԫ֮崫ڸ˳ҶսһҶսļȴϲԽı顣
ҶսЦһѹûнֻ̹Ǽ֮ǰԪ֮ؼϣûָɡż찡Ԫ֮壬Ԫ֮εᣡ
ǰŰؼҶս˵Ŀ⣬ٴξ۽Ҷϣǹɫ


14 ׵۾
һǹ𣿾Ȼڼ֮䣬Ԫ֮壡ǰҶҲû츳
ҶͷѣҶô꣬ڳһţ
ӽ쿪ʼκθҶйصϢ뱣ܣҶתͷһۣҺ˵Ĳܹ࣬Ҷս졢ҶսҶս۵˶ѡ
ҶĻҶսϰͲס˷֮ɫ˿޲ôˣҶսĶӣ
Ҷս뵽ʲôŵ˵ԼǰĪμһ׷ߣ֮󣬳ľȬˡ
£Ҷһ£صĪնȥιǿǳĪĸԵ
ԭľָģĪǵ飿ǵĿ⿴̳ϵλӵϹ
洫ʲôѵʾûУҶսҶʵ
ѵʾûСҶεԴֻϹģû뵽ô档
ŶҶսЩʧǧ֮ǰҶ۹һ߳ƵĴ壬ưܳȻһ㻰û¡
ûѵʾǴһѧ׵۾Ҷսһ΢Ц
׵۾Ҷ˿Ҷս죬ͷһ
оһ£ھӦ̥׵۾˾֮ԡ
ĪǴͻƾŽףǷԵʡҶսȵʵ
ȷʵһͻƣ֮ǰͻƽױϣ˽ףҪ׵۾ĿھԼλֵǲꡣһ׼һص֮һڼӵܡҶս
Ҷսһ˵ҶҲݡ
ĪϹҶҵķ
Ҷĳӿѣѵ֮꣬ܿҶˣ
·ͬСɣҲҪ˵ˡҶ
˷׷ס˻⡣
ȻõͬΪҶҵļμشҲûκ顣ҶЦЦҶԴ츳˾ˣҪú࣬Ҷ鹣
Ҷս˵֮£Ĺģƾձǰδʽ¡أڼ仹ΪҶ˽ܼμ֮λĵ񣬺ò֡
ȥ֮ҶҲˣҶսһ׵۾ﹲˣӴ׵۾ϲķ
幫ʵˣȹ̣ҶμܵøӰģ
֮Ҷī𷣣һ֮󣬱żظִõĽң;ԶԶؿ
ǲҶīô
ѾҶҳˣ˵һ޷һȣĳ֮λĴҲЩˡ
ɼľôҪ¶ֶԸҶӣƴҵüѾ㹫ˣ
ǼԶԶۣҶīȴǾԶ֮ȻǾҶսĴЩأҲʲôҪ֪ҶսڣǾŽǿߣ֧δʮ꣬ҪҶսػصشҶīҲ˵ʲô
ҶīȻ᲻֪Ƕۣÿ£ͷҲصؽ˽ҡ
ӣ˭צģҶīžҶһƣֲǺء
Ҷ尤һƣȻңһԡ
ҶīŸоҶԣַҶϣ漴λ˻ΣվȣҧгһһٵصҶСȻ֣˳𲻱ҶīĲΪˣ
Ҷʩչצ˲䣬Ҷ鼱֮£ǹܵô࣬ûҪŹҶĴ㣬ȻþȫӡҶؿһƣҶؿڵľˡû˸ҶŪҶⱲӶ޷ϰˣôŪҶҲʹˣ
Ҷ峰ЦҶʱ򣬹Ҳ֪Լн죡
Ҷ飬Ҷī˲ʮ꣬ͬҶսһ㣬ڽ˰֮վĵ뿪ˡ
Ƽұ
ϢȷУҶսĽˣ˵һɫۣƳȵߣƼұ峤ŽڵʵȵسΪʮ˱ĵһ֡
Ž֮ϣ鵤ҩҪһ㣬죬Žڵʵֿ൱ˡ
ƼұŽ׸֣˽׵Ҳʮ˱ʵǿһټôľӪʮ˱кüƼұĸӹʵӾˡ
ϢȷС
Ҷīأ
ҶīҶ屻ҶսĶҶܣڱ䳡צҶұִýҽʮꡣҶīҶսԽ޷Ϊڣȥ˳֮λ
Ҷս˾Žףڼ֮Ȼ˵һһҸڳҶīĳ֮λҲ˵ʲôҶī²࣬˷ϷһҶȻָˣѵҶս˶һüͷҶұһҶѾǳѲˣټһҶս죬Žף͸ܶˣҪ֪Ž׸ҪƴǿǺҪģѾǾŽˣҲðա
ľӪôãҪ̲ҶұļƻȻزˣģҶұʢʱȻΣƼұλãͷ֮£˰˯룬׼ӶֹֿٺúʰҶұ
ʱһζ
֮ҶмӵܵõϢҶ˾һ𣬶ھһؽ޸ģмӵܽһȫµھһصĿھ޸飬ֻоž޵ȱŸҶ˾ȻԼ幦޸ģֱǲ˼飡ǶԴɣǿµھһطȫˡ
Ī峤ʱ򣬻ʲô󳹴򣿡
ܣǿǷͬСɵ飬ҶҶٴﵽʮ׵ȱԸ
峤ʲôȼˣĪѾʮ˰ɣ
ʮףҲֻѣҶұһܹﵽʮףҶұڶֿܺˣֿĸ壬Գʮǿߵŭ𣿾ǶֿʮǿҲֻܺźš
ҶŸִԣȴϲεģҶŽǿߣʵʮ˱УڶѽΣҶľҲѻָΪһһָǿߣһϰµھ֮ʵоȻҶұʵһƬٵľò˶ãĲҵչܻȥġ
ΪҶҵļμ֮ҶԼרŵĸۡҶսıϣΪȷҶİȫҶһ¾ҶסڼԱߡ
Ҷˣסڼһֱչûг
⼸ʱ䣬ҶһֱԺξҵ˽׵ļ󣬺ŵ֪׵۾֮һֱ߽ͣ׶Ҷսۺһλ壬ҲˡҶս۶߽ͣ׶ѾܾˣܹôͻҲ֮У˵Ҫͻƣûôˡ
ôͻƣѾǳˣ׵۾֮ھᲢ۵ġ
ԼҲҪץˣҶ룬ڲݵϣ붨״̬


15 ף
һһڲͣؼ뵤֮УѸٵܿأҶо˽ױ֮ڡ
۷ףľţҲҪµʱ䡣
ոսû죬Ҳûмȥ׵ĽױϣǼԺһͻơ
ʱǽױϲһ˿˿Ѻۣһּĸо
Ҷͷһɻô£
ǽױһˮӣҶͬˮˮˮԽԽ࣬ȻûгˮӣˮѾܲסˮɵľ޴ѹˡ
ˮٲȻѾҡҡ׹Ƭ֮䣬Ȼ
ҶоԼӿ罭ӺХһ㡣
ף

Ҷͺһڵ͸ױ֮ʩչκ似֮ǰ
û뵽ԼûȥױϣױϱȻˣҶͷ˼ĪԼܷɵϴﵽ֮ͨ˸Լ볣˲ͬԵʣ
ôܹûл
˿쳽׵۾ĵһѾˣҶѡ񣬵һ׵۾ڶأȼͻܿڶַַҲһأȼȽһЩ쳽Ҫǿ׵۾
ȨƬ̣Ҷѡ˾쳽еһֹʼ
֪һصķҪã֮ôͽ׵۾һɹ֮ǰһֱھйϵ׵۾ǳϤᳵ·ڣһַǳİķҪϸˡ
ʱӰӼ߷Ӷ
Ǹ׺幫ǣҶϽվ
Ҷս˵ĿҶϣ¶֮ɫ
ס幫λ岮ʲô𣿡Ҷɻʵ䲻ôôԼҶоЩϰߡ
ղţǽˣҶսʵܲȷϾҶײûãҶôҲҪһ֮ܽס
ղҶսڼ׵۾ȻоǿҵпԸ֪˽ױһսֱٶѾ߽ˣⷽԲ֮ڣ˭ף뵽ҶҴҵظϹҪȷһ¡
Ҷ׹ԼղŽɵǲˡ
ȷʵǺѾˡҶͷ
Ҷս졢ҶҪ֪żʱ䣬Ҷһ·쭵ףٶȣǲգѾһ츳˿Ըˡ
ӴиԵδҶҵ˥ҪˣҶҶ˴Ȱ
Ҷս졢ҶսͷӦǣһѹֲסϲɫ
⼸ʱ䣬Ҷ̫ľϲ
˿佱֮£Ծɵ˹ҶҶȻһ̾Գ츳ԣδȻֱ졢ҶҡҶˣ
ˣԺʱʲô⣬幫λ̡ҶսЦЦ
ǵ飬Գ¶ûʲôˡҶ̾оҶڵҪö࣬ճԣȼԽߣԽǾҶڵȴȫΥ²²⣬ѵҶȥ֮ʱҶһ˿ȻҲֻǲ²ѡ
׶֮ʱܻ׳ڵҶ壬ʵΣ
Ҳ֪Ҷҡҡͷûдô֪
Ҫ˸дһɣ
ˣǲ׵۾ҪԺٿУɣ
˸оϣһУҶģ
ҶȥֻҶսһ£Ҷս쿴һҶ
ţҶͷҶս߽˼һȣҶսķ䡣
Ҷս򿪰񣬵ͷһóһöӵӡ£ĴָͨɫӨ͸
Ҷսóöӡ֮ʱҶоԺеķɵǾҵöӡ²֪ʲôӦǼ
˼ӡһһСöƷֱɼͼμУöӡҪܣûʲôôǼĴ֮ҶսöӡµݵҶ
ǣὫСıܣҶҶսӹöӡ£öӡҲ֪ʲôʯͷɵģֺأͨɫҾӨ͸ûһ˿ʣģҲһʯͷӡ¶ѣʲôرĵطϸӡµĵײһǳӵ壬Դϲ²⣬ǸҶ֣ӡ±Ե֣Сһ㣬ϡǡӡ֡
㻹СӼ꣬Ϊţ»üμ֮λұˣдӡΪڵʱҲ쵼塣Ҷս
Ҷöӡպá
ףھμ֮ʱʩչԪ֮壬ûס֣Ҷ˵úءҶһ£˵
ڼ֮ʱҶȻצ˵ȼ似ܣɱҲӦãҶսһҶûˣҶˣƴż֮λҪҲҪɱҶ壡
ҵǵҶ壬ٱһΣһǲֵģջӡҶؿһƣؿڵľҶԺ޷ˡҶīҲ˳֮λҶīС϶رҶĵص
ĵеģҶīϾǼ峤ϣΪ޷ͽҶīѺҲΪסѾ˶סҶīֵĻʱáҶսҶԴοصô࣬ڳˣΪҶҵļμ쿪ʼҪӴһЩˣ
ȻѾ˶ҶīˣҶҲ΢һЩа룬ҶīʼһϾҶī߽۷ʵ룬ʱ򣬻ǸϽԼʵҪ
ӸҶԺﵽױ֮ҶԪ֮ʱˣӳ˽ʮ롣Ԫ֮ʱԽʵսʱôԽ
ʱ䣬Ҷս쿪ʼһЩҶ
ҶұҪ룬棬һǾҶұɽ֮һҶҵĿɽһٶ󹤣ΪҶұÿܻ֮öһҶұڶֿĵ̣ÿҲһöʳ棬ҶұԸ㡣
Ҷұһ֮룬ҲٿžѣҶ֮䣬õǧž֪ɵѹж۷ʱҶұڶֿð˺ܶҵ˶ܸ㣬ڣЩҵʮȥҲһƬ
Ҷٸмͷ֮شǴԼһҪҶұ


16 ѵ
Ҷұڣõ׵۾һعһСÿնڼǽ׵۾һ壬ﵽûʲôġȻҪһǾͱõһصķˡ׵۾һع֮еһСǽ٣мۿžҪͻˣҶҶˣʮ꣬ѾӲ˵Ѿͻƣȫµ׵۾֮󣬽ױϾȻһ˿ɶļҶϲ
峿Ҷ䳡߹䳡ϱƽʱֵöˡ
峤޸֮ھķھ֮ǰھֹ
ǳɹô
ͣĽ۷嶼Ѿˣһֱûͻƣļ٣Դµھ֮Ѿͻˣ
ϲ֣
һСϲţǿҶ֮󣬸Ͻվ˱ͦҶкҶ»˼μ֮λڼ֮еĵλȻͬնڼ֮ϣҶҶ壬ʵҲ۷
Ҷ磡
Ҷ磡ҶɡҶҲ˷ܵ˹
ҶɵˣҶЦЦ⼸ܸԼϵһֱܲгɣҶǳο
Ҷ磬ǣֻһŰ˸ˣҶǰ£ǸԸܷ
Ҷɨһ˸ˣϵʱ򣬶ЦǷʲôҪ𷣣
ǰ˸һʱҲ֪ôش
Ҷ磬һҪúõؽѵѵǣҶɡҶ˸ǰһֱҶ棬ŪҶҶô䣬ǵĳŪ˿Σȶӵоôܲѵ
ҶԭǣǵֻҶ֪ˡһ˵
ҶһǲǺܺڵңҶ屻ؽִãǵһᱨǣԲϴ
˸һԣĬˡ
ǵԼﶼ֪ǾһֱŰɣҶɫ
˸ݣҲͷ
һһǶָָ㣬ձ
ǲǾڽμѹǣܲҶõ˼μ֮λǾͿڼ֮к޼ˣ
ĸô룬ǰ֪Ҷԭǣ˸˻ֵ̿طϣ֪ԼѾҶˣԺܵڸǲҰʵˡ
Ҷұڶˣͬͬ壬Сһ𳤴Ӧֵܣеʱ֦ͬͬ飬֮ȥͬκһزʹǶҪʩԮ֣ǰٰ㳰ŪκһˣϣΪ֮ͬˣȻԹ֮ۡоԣҶ֮λⲢ޹ʹڶͬצ似ͼӺͬˡκһ壬ͬ˶໥ҲͲԶˡݲǣȥ֮󣬺úÿһ棡Ҷмϵƣһһ
ǰ˸ɫΪҶݺݵʰǣû뵽ҶԵ±ԹôŹˣҶ˵Щǵ޵ݡ
ΧΧ۵һǣҲ¶˼ɫԶûҶô࣬Ҷ˵ĺеҶǶ˼־ءԶ˳ҶҲ¶֮ɫ
Ҷ峤͸ףţҪټһšһǲף
Ϊ˸˽תҶ׼ȥҶҵĿɽǼص㱣ĶǳҶұĻΣաҶصԼסԼһžӿӦòᱻϳĵҶұ
ṳ̂Ҷұһܳŷŷˡ
ҲԶһϰ֮˶ԣӾ͵ˣֻԶɽ֮УһƬ¶һȺæµţһЩĴѲߣͷϣרŸɽİȫܶĿ䣬ɽʯô򣬽ʯ££һȻһЩѡʵĿʯľ¨ɽ⡣
ҪôʯڳѡȻ󱳳ɽ⣬һôӴḶ́
ƬɽǹϵҶұˣҶұһд붼ҪƬɽ
ЧʣδҲ̫ˡҶ룬ǰûйע֮ǰҶұһֱǳ㣬Щ֮ȥעɽˡ
һ磬ǸȻʺǿɽʯȴ뵽ͷȻһ


17 ߣ
Զȥ಻ɽһͷɽ룬ҶıޱȿϷ򣬶ʮ￪⣬һɽ֮УĽڷïĴм֣ռҶұöࡣ
Ƽұڡ
ʮ˱УƼұʵǿʮ˱
ƬɽƼұֻжʮȻɽ·᫣ޱȣ֮˴Ǳ߹ҲֻҪʱ㹻ˡƼұƬɽѾܾˣֻΪʮ˱ͬʱּɵҶұʵҶұȻʵѷɫƼұԱȫ֮ƴƼұҲʧأһֱҳ֡
ҶƬɽѲһɽ֮кܶأ޺УҲ룬ֻΧһ¡
ۿžҪԷʱˣҶ˳ɽС·Ҷұȥ
ʱҶԶԶؿ֮˹üëһ˴֮С
ûзҶһ·Ǵһ£䶼ʮҡ
ƱǶҶұĶÿ춼Ҫأ治˸ɵġ
ҵѽҵĽŶˣһڲݵ̱˵ҶұƣQ˼ˣ
˻
ҶսΪ˾Ǳӣ㾡ȫ֮㿴Ҷұӡ
˵ҶսǶӵľֺˣ
Ϣģ
Ҳ
ӵľˣҲûʲôãƱ֪ʲôʱҶұ֣ӦǿˣȻҲÿǶҶұ
һᣬվ·
˽нԶҶĿ͸һ˿âƼұҪҶұ֣Ҳ±ӦֻƼұΧӵܣҲ֪ʲôڲϢǱ߼Ȼÿ춢ҶұȻͼ
ҶĬƬ̣Ҷұӡ
ԭװҶڵķȥ׼緹·ϵʱҶīҶī綾һ㣬ҶȻݺݵػص˹ȥ˴
Ҷ硣һƤҶĶ
Ҷתͷһ㿴ҶYɰӡ
ҶҶұ
ô֪Ҷһµ
ҲµġҶYЦص
ɲҪˡҶæҪǱ岮֪ǾҪˡ
ҶҪӦ´γƼұĻһҪң
һ
ɲˣ
˵Ц߽˷ãһһǳ߿ĿҶY϶һ£ϽתҶYģ˲Բλ࣬ԱҶӢһ𣬵ͦǶԵġ
ҶһڼӵǷ׷Ҷ⣬Ҷõμ֮λڼ֮еĵλٲȻֻѷɫ峤峤Ҷսˡ
Թ緹Ҷȥ֮жѷĵطѰŪһЩʯľ֮̿ĶԼס
ҶǵúڻҩЩȵģµıҲЩ֪ԼԺ鿪ˡ

磬˵׵۾أһؿɵףڶؿɵ˽ףȫ֮󣬿ɵʮף֮ϣʲôһ־磿ҶսҶսʵԽ׵۾ԽǾ׵۾˫ʶƽѧ
˵ʮ֮ϣиǿĳǿߣΪߣǰ۹ֹһǿߡҶһԵλ֮壬ĺϣ
ϣΪ۹֮ļ塣
õһߵλ֮磬˾̾־磬޺ˡ
ʥҲһλߣ׵۾֮꣬˵ܳ־磬ҵЭ׵۾֮ҶԵЩ˷ܣͣھŽ׳һֱûҪﵽŽˣٶ֮죬֮̾ԻָտɴһжҶǵġ
һж˳Ҷս
Ҷս˵ҶҶսҲԺ֮ɫ
˵ʱֻһը죬ǲһ
ô£
ѵоŽ׸ֵҶұ
ƣŽ׸ȫһֻҲˡ
ãǳǱߴģ
Ӱವس˼ԴȥҶҶұ֮أҲѹ˽š
˵طǷҶЩǱվһƬյϣңƬյص뾹һԲɵĴӡ
ʲô飿ҶȻҶսһƬӣĿЩͣǾŽ׸֣ȫһҲδ˴ӡ
Ҷ˿ǴӣεЦЦ£ڵһЩߡ
ڵߣҶɫŹֵؿҶ˭ô


18 ȥǲȥ
˵ʵڸЩʲô
ڻоŪˣ׺λҶǰһЩС˵С˵ʲôģܸȤС˵õͨĻҩTNTȻǷͬ졣ղ飬ڻҩըһŽ׸ȫһ޼ҶΪ˷ܡ
Ҷ˼Ҷ˵ҲͰˣǸԲɵĴӣǸ̵ӡ
ӽмɲ͵Ҷսص
֪ҶϽӦ
һڳ½뿪ˡ
Χһˡ
󲮣ղŷʲô飿һСǷ׷ʵ϶Ҷսˣʸ
ûʲô飬ղҸ峤дѧҶսӻֵ
ԭˣ˻Ȼһɢȥ
ԭ峤峤дѧѹ˾ˣ
֪峤峤ĸ
Ӧ峤ɣϾ峤Ѿôˣ
Ҳһ峤ڶʢ֮꣬峤Ͼˡ
ԶȺУҶī濴һۣһҶսﵽŽ֮ڼ֮һԾŶĳϣʧƣҲԸˣŭҶս죬Ҷұ֮УѾǴȥˡ
Ҷս죬ҵģҶīм˫۾һֱڶô˾뿴סҶīδҲ̫Сˣ
ֹ죬Ҷұһ
ҶսҶղ׵۾ã⴫һС
Ӽż
ýҶսһüͷһֱ·֪ʲôطż
һ˽żݸҶս졣
ҶսȲǷд˼Ӽֵżüͷšһ
ף˵ʲôҶҶս飬һЩõԤС
ֿ̫Ҷսžһϣŭɶ
ֿҶкһǸҩĶֿ
۹¤ϷңսڼֿսʵбԺֿƼұͳһۣ˽ۣϳͲҶұڶֿǵ̶ѾرգҶս
Ҷս飬Ҷ֪ŭˣ϶ƼұڶֿʹҪΧҶұҶұΪţֿļҵ̺ͺɽƬɽҶұҪ룬Ƕϼ£գҶұʵ
뵽ʲôҶսЦһ¡
ڰ֮ǰƼұ˾Ҷұĺ·Ҷұ˵ȫһƼұֻعƼұ˵Ҷұţ˳µسҶұ
ƼұΪʮ˱ȳֶԸԼˣ˻ҪҶұţǾˡ
ڣ׵۾ָտɴҶսüðգ
ôҶս쿴Ҷʵ
ãΪ֮ƣֻ̣Ҷʵˣֻˡ
һߴ£ڶֿļԱȫɽҲͣɣҶսһԵһ˵ƼұͳһҶұȥһ飬ɴͣˡ
ҶĵϧһЩ취߿ʯɵЧأȴòˡ
ΪҶҵ峤ҶսȻҲֻ踺ء
ףһ˵ʲô
ҶսһţּĿȻһ
Ƽұż˵һºҪһʮ˱ıᣬʮ˱ʮڵСԲμӡҪгԴӹȥҶսЦһǸ꣬ûġ
ףȥǲȥ
ǲȥƼұֿԴˣȥˣ»˰㣡
ƼұҶұֲƼұӦòĿ֮¶֣ܻ;㣡ҶһµҶұƼұżʮ·ǿһ㣬Ӧòʲô⡣
ţһȥ峤һһȥȥɡҶսڰֵ
ӼҶһ˵ĳأҶұʱǷƮҡҶұûˣ¼ûҶİ֮ˣôһҪҶұƼұ
ҶصԼסʼڼô죬ҶķСˣȻûӦ似ѧϰϵ飬ƶٶȴǿ˺ܶ࣬ڵҲǰӾ
һֱҹ˾һƬ֮УֻңԶɽ֮Уļµ޺
Ҷұһ䣬Ӱҡҷ֮УһӰɿӹҶұɱȥ¹£ӳճ˵ӣǸն˳֮λҶī


19 
ҹɫʱ֣ͻȻһŭ޺ҶұűǽȻ
ʲô飿
Ҷұһյյƻ
Ϯ
Ϯ
ҹǴţ˯еǺѡ
ܿأһӰ˳ҶҶսˡ
ҶӶԶȥһֻ;޴ޣһֻ
ǶᣬСľ綾Ҷȵ
ǾŽ׵ģСģҶսһӡڶͷϣֻͷ˲ֱ࣬ʵ顣
һ㶼ɽٻᵽƬ첻֪ʲôԭֻᾹȻҶұ
Ƕᰤһƣŭһķ˼ˡ
һƬңҶҶս˷׷׶Զ֣ʵԴһЩǶǿǿ
޹ҶұҲʲôϡ£ÿ궼ҪΣޣʵǿҲֻ߽ףоŽ׵ޡھ޹Ҷұޣ˲ٻصġ
Ѷ޿ӣҶսͺȵ
޿޷ǳЧİ취޵Ȼûƾʯ£͵ȼգǾŽ׵ޣҲɡ
峤޿ӵĻرƻˣҲˣ˺
Ҷսһüͷжʱһ˿ĸо
սҶīҪˣץסҶīҶսȵƻ޻أǿ϶ǱڵڼɵģҶīˡ
ҶսӰһ㣬޿Ǳ߱ȥ
޿ˣ»ǲǱȥģֻܽĥˡ
һޣͬ׵Ҫǿö࣬ʵˣҶս졢Ҷеֵס
ಣһɹɼ꣬ἤ˳ȥ˺ʮޣڵĳǷǿ൱ġ
ߴɵľ޴ͣ˦ǿ֮ӱŭ͵ײ˹ȥ䣬ܳǷǿײ÷顣
ǷǿҶұ˲ٲĴ죬ֽ񱻻ˣҶսΪŭ
󣡡Ҷսһƺڶࡣ
͵غײأҶս챻ײ÷˺üɣѪӿ
ҶұȻ˶࣬ۼ̫ʵ˽¸˲ᣬ˽׾Ž׸־ȫһҲֻö΢һ¶ѡ
ҶӵԶĵط
ʲôԶһ㣡ҶսۼҶ泶
һڰ˽׵ĴˣҲκβ˶ᣬҶͲҪˣҶʵ˵˶ᣡ
壬ҲðյġҶϽ㿪
ʲôҶսע⵽Ҷﱧһ󲼰
ҶһڻҩԭѶøϸʵһ㣬ĿǰֻôӵĶ
ҶսעҶĲϵʱҶȼţᱼȥ
Ҷٶ̫ˣҶս۾Ȼûס
ҶԽԽǶĶһӡ
Ƕע⵽Ҷһצ
ۿžҪУҶ͵˳ȥǶצӾͷɨ׵ʵǰ϶һצӣǲҲҪȥ
ҿ˿Ҷش󺰡
ҶĻȻеɻҲǲͣغ󳷡
ҶڵϣҶYΣյس˹ҪҶ
ڻҩҪըˣҶҶYŵҪҶY˵¡
ֻ¡һ죬ڳǶĤҪһ㣬ýһЩ˸оһɳɨǾ˳ȥԶһЩ˿˼Ϊ˵һĻֻӴƷ˿Уڿд˸صˤ˵ϣʲôһء
Ƕǿų
ҶҲ˲е𺳣֪һֲ棬ᲱӴݺݵȥ۵һǶᱻ˵ϡ
ȲȻڲͣزץŵ棬ҪһӲŻ͸
Χ˵˵һأΧǸϽΡ
Ҷо´һ̣ղ̫ΣˣҲû̫࣬ŷ֣ҶYѹ棬ҶYҶߣȫһ𣬸űȻԸܵǷĴУһŮ㴫Ǽ⡣
Ҷ磬ôҶYĴ۾⣬оԼ֮ƺʲô鵽ˣʲôͷ΢΢һ
ղ¼ȨYĪҪ֡ҶЩεվԸղŵָоЩġ
ҶʲôYҶġҶYصȥҶϵĻҳСص
ҶYĻҶͷһһ㺣ȴԺл֮ȥ


20 
Ƕõ˾Σλսˣʮˣһˡ
ȥˣжһЩ롣
ҶīҶսŭ
峤ҶīϲˣѺִõҶҲˡ
ͽҶսŭɶӽԺҶīԼҶ壬ҶңҶл֮ߣҷãɱͽΪҶŻ
˸Ӧǡ
ǶᶨҶīģҲ֪ҶīʲôȻһֻŽҶұṥҶұǶʱ䣬ҶīҽҶˡҪҶ˺ڻҩҶұʧˡ
ҶұȻʧأջҲķᣬҶұƽʱԵ߰˽ޣҲ֮٣Ž޸ǺǱϵƤٿԷƼʮƤףе֮Ķҩ˽ϵ޶ƾһöŽܻö
һǿʼʬס
´
ղŵʲôɱ˶᣿ҶʵҶӳǸʵ̫ˣֱ൱ھŽ׶ȫһǶе
һֽкڻҩ¡Ҷ
ڻҩ
ڽõģ֮Ҳ˵ҶֻѵҶһЩܣǲ˵ģڻҩ֮Ǵȥ˵Ҷ֣֮Խ֪ԽʹԽáǵѣϲὫڻҩóʹá
ȻˣҲͲˡҶ˵ͷҲ֪ͬСɣղЩڻҩըͷΪ𶯡
ˣ֮£ԲҶսһ³
룬˵©죬ȥֻҲţӦòʲô̫⣬ܵĹҪġ
ʬ壬ǸҶҽȼü֮ĵҶսίжֿˣ˽ٶöƤ򱻱ڵĹƳƤףַһսֱˣҶҲֵһ
Ƥ÷ǳ£ܺãͨи˲ˣ߰˽׵ĸ֣Ҳƾ͸
Ƥײرţһ£ϿⶫǷսҶұԱһЩҪҲø
Ҷżĵĺڻҩ׼ڻҩƳ֮ĶһǱ֮ٶȻҶȻнչĵһأҲɹˡеʱҶҲָһҶɡҶ˵
ȻҶұĿɽرˣڶֿǱߵҲֹͣתʬõʣҶұּˡ
֪ҶұɽȹرգҶߣܶҪҶսƼұսҶսܾҶұʵĹؼʱڣҶҪӽչʱš
Ҷұһֱߵһͬ飬֮еһӽڴڼͻƵ˲֪
Ƽұؼұϼұãһ˿ٳ߱
ǵҵҪǾЩʲôҶսһ峤ǶеŽ׸֣ǲòء
Ҷұ֮һ·Աߵ˵ЦԱ߶ʮӣĽýֱؼұϼұطʮˣϵģҲġ
һҶұԶԶس߿¶˵ӵĿ⣬ҶұƼұ֮ĶԹǶ֪һ߲ơ
𵭵ɨһЩҶˣ֣ҶұǽƼұ޵òᡣ
ЦһƼұֺξ֮С
ǵǣү򣬼϶ֿ֧֣Ƽұ̩ɽҶұʶʱ񻹺ãǲʶʱ񣬺ٺ١طЦŷе
ҶұҶս죬ոսףҶСӣҲǱȽѶԸҶұ˶ƼұûǷŽ׸Σһ
ƼұȻҪԸҶұطͷݣȴ֪ƼұҪʲôƼұҶұսǿҲԶٲҪ˸Ƽұǰ䡣ҪȫƼұҲǲܵģҶұϾŽ׸֣һԼϾˡ
ҶսŽףҪȹ̵ǰľҲҪʱ䣬ȣǲúԶ
˵䣬һ˽ҶұҶҶսˣ۴棬Ҷվڴһԡ
Ҷ֣þòط˸
Ҷս˿ڣԱߵһԼһЦû뵽ս˺ÿͣôӭҵȡ
ﵱƼұôҶս˶¶һ˿顣


21 Ž׵Ľ
ҶĿ䣬ƼұˣûһøУȻû㹻֤ݣԶ϶ϵģƼұˡ
ʣˣ
֪λҶұΪ£ҶսҲطλ˱裬һڡ
ؼұϼұƼұ߹Ҷսøǿˡ
طһ˿ɫԱߵλ
˵սֽ˾ŽףǿϲɺءĿҶսϡ
һУ̽Ҷұʵģ
ԭλǹصģҶĳڴ˶лˡҶս첻̲ص
֪СӵôˣϷûˡҶһ»׵ĺӵ۱֣Ҷһ
ƥϣһ
ҴصĴɾռͻأŽ׶ָտɴЩص
Ž׶壬ʮ˱ֻ¶Ҫһ˵ˣܶʮ꣬ҲδܴӾŽͻŽ׶壬Ž֮ϣÿһ㶼졣ȻҶҲôˣһֱͣھŽ׳ڣ֪˵ľȷ£ơ
СӣúܣǱ׷ŴǵãһѪ֥ڹƻͣ߰˽ءҶЦеص
ҶǽЦ
ҪѪҪǻϾ壬ҶָҪѵЩ¶˵СһǹģĿɨҶұһСھŽ׸ֵ֮£һСǷ׷׵ͷתƵҶϣҶȻֱη壬룬ӦþҶսҶˣҶʮ˱һУ츳ףһΪƼұ˽׸ַˣ֪ҶսŪ˿ŶӺ˾˵Ȼ˼μ֮λҵҪмֱ£һɾŽ׸ֵƣϢسҶѹ˹ȥ
ҶֻһɳصѹԼĿһʱѪӿת֮⡣
ĸоȣͨ׵ߣŽ׸һѹͳܲסˣû뵽ҶȻӲؿס嶼δҡһ¡
Ҷս췢Ҷ״һһǿҵɢ˳ȥҶס
ҶٸѹΪ֮һᡣ
Ž׵ҶսȻ˾ŽףҪҶս쾿мʵڵ֮
Ž׸ֵƣڴײĿͬһ㣬һСǳܲסǾ޴ѹ׷׺ˣҶսҶս۵һڰ˽׵ĸ֣ҲϢӿ׷ڵ࿹
֮УȻʵģΨҶط˶ѣ
ͬΪŽ׳ڣʵǿҲǷǳԵģüͷȻѹסҶս죬ôܣҶսŽ׳ûãӦûûȹ̲ŶԣͣŽѾн֮ˣƼұۺ񣬾ڶֿǵйҩݣ˵ҶսĶ֣
ɨҶһۣҶȻغŲ裬ܰҶս졣
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ҶսҶս۵ȴ¾ϲ׵۾Ȼͬ죬׵۾֮ʵΪֵùΪ˵á
֪ԼʵѹҶս죬˻ҶսҲ׷ɫջơ
ս˹Ŀ࿴ˡƽһ궯ͷݣҶսΪ֮죬ĪҲһʲô֥ɲݲɣ
λҶұֻҶĳİɣҶսޱصתҵƽϢٹƬ̣ܾ֧ŲסˡϾŸոսŽ׶ѣͣھŽѾ֮õ˶ԣѷɫһЩĻ൱˷ܵģҪ֪׵۾ҲŰ¶ѣʵܸƾˣٹһ£ͻᱻԶԶ¡
Ҷս׾ŽӦҲһˣ֮ǰ϶ʵ԰˽׵ʵʾˣһ룬԰ʵڲԸţһŸսŽûõˣʵ⡣츳һǿҶս졣
ΪҶұɽĿɽڵ
䣬ҶоⱩҪ˵ˡ
Ҷ۾ľ⣬ͷһ£һ˿ֵĸоĪҶҲʵɣȥһҪС
ƶ˻⣿ҶеĲ豭£һ˿á
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22 檣
ʱȻоһ˿Īѹ
ĪҶѾͻƾŽ׳ڣŽˣ
룬ǳһͷ亹ҶʵҲ˾ŽڣҶսʵ൱˵ҶұʵѾƽƼұƼұҪԸҶұͱСĽˡ
һԵطɫãû뵽ҶұҲһѿеĹͷ
ͷҶʵ˾ŽڣзԶԸɫصǰǺҶҵҶīйףҶī˵ԸҶұɽĿɽƼұöǸһöΪ𣬲Լ׼ʣöǺɽɽȨ
ҶīѾҶңҲҶˣƶĪΪһͽܹҶҵĿɽҶսһҶī
ôҶīѾҶˣô֪ǺʱҶҵģսĪҪңĪҶұҪɣɫһ䣬ص
ҶīѳҶұ֪ܲ˵ҶīʱƼұƾνԼǿҶҵĿɽǿ̣벻̣
ǲüöƼұĳƼұпɽˣ⣬ǺúܡҶͻȻ
˵Ŀ⣬ȫҶϣû뵽һСȻֳϹȻ
Һ岮˵һС˵ķݣɫغȵ
ҶҶұļμ˵ĻҲҶҡҶҶҶҶȻҸƼұȻԿҶԽԽϲԼһ㡣
һʮ߰ĻëС˵ĻҲܴҶңҶīϣξͲܴҶңЦһԴϬ
˵ˣҶīҶҵͽҶսȻؾ㲻š
ǶԼ֮ǰҶīûбҶңֵһ˵ĵص
ƼұĪҪǿҶұĿɽɣҶսŭȵ
սֲҪŭƼұΪʮ˱ȻҪģ鲢ûתأҶұӦƼұһЩƼұǿóƬɽ˵ٲȻǿɽѾǵһ㡣
Ҷŭգ磬һǿȨ磬һжҪȭͷ˵˵ҶսʵȻƼұӹڶ࣬ǸƼұҶұֻҪһ֮֡
׷ɣɡ˻ֻ֣һӢˣ֮˳
Ǹ׷ɵıͦվЩӣĿҶɨҶһڼӵеҶ诺ҶYϣ۾һ˿а֮ɫƼұ֮УȴûȾɫҶһ˵ĶζҶYǵųݣɫ
׷õܣһ츳õһˣʮѴﵽ߽׶塣
תƵ׷ϣҶұ˶ڴҪ˵Щʲô
Ҷ诺ҶY׷ɵĿ⳯Լɨ¶һ˿顣
˵ҶұҶ诣ɫ츳ҲǲҺƱţҶұƼұؽ֮ãһƼұ㲻׷ɽɽȨˣҶұгƼұмչ֪սΣҶս죬Цеص
ҶŭҶҰĽҶ诵һСսȭͷƼұ̫ǱҶұɽĿɽǱƻ飬һСȫղѣΪʲôƽʱúԼܴ裡
ҶɫһףҶұƼұ֮䣬ޣŲԸ޵Ƽұ׷ˣҲĿ
⵹ǿã׷ƱõܣҪƱһֶƽһҶս۹ЦŪص
ɫࡣ
׷ɿҶսˣЦһҶұҶƼұҲǸ檣Ƕֿ̿Ҷ˵˽ڵʸ񣬵޸檣ҲӦþҫǣ
Ҷ诼ȥƼұ檣ҶұԣֱĪĳ裡
ƼұЩ˵ҶΪŭ诶ŮѪŨˮˣº˼ã诶޵Ƽұȥ
λذɣˡԶ͡ҶսƼұȻ壬ƼұҪ۵ҶұͷϣҲҪۣ
طԶȰ˵
ս֣ҾҶǺӼƼұĸ
ҲãҶұƼұӴ˽Ϊؽһ£
طĻҶұһС÷Ƽұ߹
ȻˣرϱΪβŮ޸׷ɣҶսطʵ
ȻҶұϣǱˣλڴ֤ҲûвҶұᣬֻҶұҪԺƼұƼұĺص
طεЦЦǲԸҶұģƼұЮֻ֣Ĭˡ
һ죬һҶұҶ诹Թϣ׷վӵɨһҶҵˣĿҶϣ˵Ҷұһĵһˣ˼μ֮λȵʮ˱֮ʱҵҪߵùС
ʱһ̣Ҷ΢˫ۣһ˿ɱ߽׶͸ţʱԼôĶ֪
ȥƼұ˸Ͻϡ
ս֣ǣطҶսҶսɫ࣬Ҳתͷȥ
Զ뿪Ҷұ


23 
Ⱥ鼤ߡ
Ƽұ̫
峤Ƽұ۵ͷˣΪʲôǾһս
һսֱһۣԶĬȻҶұƼұìأҶұʵ֮һʤ̵졣ҶұҲҶҶս죬ǿܹ࿹⣬һ˵ʵֻƼұ֮һƼұڶ฽ӹؼʱ̻ܴӶٿȱ
Ҷ诵ͷҧأЩ̡
Ҷ诵飬Ҷϧ
ǻȥ֮ҪڼҶҵ֮ƼұȻưոݣʱҶҵİΣҪǵļˡҶսȻһ̾
ҶսĻ֮еǽԶĬĵıߣǸǿʵ
ҶĽƣҶұʵƼұȣʵ̫ˣƫƫԼʱ׶ѣ֮УܹӵüޣеҪԼøǿ
Ҷұ飬ܿ촫ҶұҶұͬ飬һˣӷףҶұܵ裬ֻܿԼȭͷϴѩ
ȫɢȥҶսסҶĿԶ̾ϢһҶұ֣֮Һ幫Լһ塢ϽԻսףʱڻ㣬һӳҶұȥɡסҪͷӳֿӵԽԶԽãҶΨһϣ֮꣬޵ʮףΪҶս˸Ըοǵ֮飡ûʮףͲҪˣҸȫĵطȢӣ
û뵽ҶսȻĴ㣬ҶսĻҶۿһ죬ӿһᶨصףڴģҶҶ档
ãֻǡ
Ҷս컹˵ʲôҶϣҶҲˣҲصսף
ҶĻҶս΢΢һﾹһ˵Ĳ⺢ӡ
صԼסЩһֱڶߡ
ҶսȭͷҶҶΪˣһССҶұػסֱﶼ磡
ʮ˱ôҶ΢У߽׶ôʱ˭ѵ˭ҶȻ׷ɵơ
ԺӵһҶʼҲҪһؾˣʱȼȻֻףҶԸоԼʵǿ˺ܶࡣ
쳽̫޷ȼҶҲ֪ԼʵôˣܻܲǸ׷ɵļһһºʮ˱ᣬŵʱʵһµĲΡ
ʱһɵķһҶصתҶ뵽һȻҵľ磬ȫھ쳽İ֮С
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ҶƮҶұϿգ˵Ȼšٿ򣬸ס幫ǱȻҶǡ
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Զȥһ֮ĵطһƬ磬ȴʲô塣
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Ҷɫף³һѪǿסڴڵشϢʹҲ൱ΣյģһСľ⵽ش֪ǵʲô̫ԶҶλӦҶұߵɽһƬأ˵һЩŽʮ׵ޣҶڵʵǲҽȥġ
תһڵСʱƲָ˸ϣԺ壬Ϊ
߶ڵķɵ÷ɵкһЩҶֱչĵһɣҶȽ״ŵڣԿʼˡ
Ҷվ߽Լķ䣬׼ȿˮȻȥóԷȻоЩԣƺһϢ
˭Ҷһתʱ׼ս
Σû˻Ӧ
ҶŶԷλã˴̵ķس̷ȥȫ䱸
ԷȻܽϢ˳̶ȣӦǸ֣
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һѪϢϾȻմ˼˿Ѫ
Ŀ˱Ľ䣬ϣһŰɫƶţȻʧЦȻһֻɫèֻɫèβͣͨ崿ףûһ˿ɫǿɰģʵϲ
ֻ֪èʲôޣӦòˡ
ɫèһϣմɺѪСһӦˣŶ㵽Ҷұġ
;һɣҶץֻèĲϣ


24 
ֻɫèӨ͸ˮһ飬鶯ɫʣЩֵ̿شҶıϵëҲѩ׵ģûһ˿ɫ
Ҷ΢΢һһֻ޵ϣô˻ı飬һ㱣һĻǾ޾ףҶҲԼΪʲôҪһʣֻɫè
ιСһʲô֣ҶԾؿʵȻȻʧЦôһֻèô˵Ȼ־ãֻè񣬷·ǻֵۣ㲻Ǵ˵еĺ꾫ɣȻβͣҪǳβͣǾǾβˡ
ǰɫèҲûнУֻֻɰСצץץ°һ̧۾ббؿҶƺе㲻мӡ
è˻Ķ飬ҶĿɿڴֻɫèǿҵĺģĪǺ꾫
ɫèϻѪҶ£ȻԱߵСóһɫɴԼһЩҩ֮Ķ
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𶯣ҿ㾿ǹĻĸģףôҲҶְס꣬һѺƤë淭ţĵصˣȻֻĸġ
ѩ׵ƤëȾһĨ޺죬ӽ˼֣ͣ֨֨ҽУǰצӡ
Ҷʵڰס˳ȥһ֨֨ţһ߻ǰצһŭӡ
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ҶֹһԾ˴棬ȻʮյӣҶ
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ԭˣҶȻ֪ܶ£һȺӵܣƼұкξ壿
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룬ϻˣӦ߲ԶǳҶұɽ˵ͱ޸Եˡ
һֻСèĶôࣿԸղŵ飬ƺܰյӣ˵֮ܵˡ
ԷƺҲûʲôˣҶѸٵس˼ڷվҴҳԼķȥ
䳡ȻѾˣȻУǰδе顣
Ҷûʲôȥ䳡صԼס߽濴ȥտҲȻˣ֪ΪʲôҶͷмʧ䣬ְѷĸ䶼һ£ûҵ
ֻ֪СèȥˣɽôգҲ޴Ѱң̾һĿϣֻϷһŰֽ滭һЩ
Ҷ󣬲ȻʧЦ꾹պһī֭ڰֽ˼צӡߵӣмƣĪèһ֣
СèȻд֣ҶԺ뵽һŰֽСצպī֭ڰֽϻӺֺ̬ӣЦȴ֪껹᲻


25 β
ȻмָӵҶǺܿ찲ҶұڼҪӽУ
֮⣬ҶоӣҲ˽չƳˣԽͼֽȥҶұҶİԶ죬û֮ٹڻҩͿˡ
ѶȱȽϸߣ֪İԶܴһ
úãըһŽ׸ʹ似޼
ⶫ˵ʲôʱó
ӵͼֽȷ֮ҶһֱҹЩƣˣ׼ϴ˯Ҫƴ𣬷ſͻȻһɫӰ˽
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ֻСèȻɽܣԽԽĺҶͷ΢΢һʹȻֻһֻСèȴýðô
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ҶʱҶĺԽԽҼЪܾã͵͵ؽлһֺ˵Щʲô
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Ѿ췦ˡ
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һֻСèȻ˵飬ҶҲĸв죬Ŀ˰ƨϡ
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꣬ǳԷȥɣһûԷǶˡҶӴ·ವһ£Ҷļϡ
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Ҷ걳ϹƤëϸĸоŮӹ⻬ļһ㣬ҲرִӣôſβصҡΡ


26 ɢ
Ҷ䳡߹Ҷϵİ꣬˵Ŀ⡣
Ҷ磬ʲôѽһֻèҿ𣿡мŮӴ˹Ƕ԰ǳϲӣмŮҪȥꡣ
֨֨ëֱ¶ݣװͰ͵ģǼŮŵð˻ȥ
겻ӭǣֻȤ뿪ˡ
ֻСèװһߣһԹ˵
ҶİԴЦ꣬㶼ѱ˸ˡ
Ҷ磬簡ףֻèÿɰҶYҶĶ
ҶYûȥ꣬Ŀڰ϶ʮϲӡ
һ峺۾ҲڴҶYһ㡣
Ҷ֮󣬸֪ƺƽʱ˺ܶ࣬һӲҶYϵϢͬ
YٶȺÿ죬Ѿ۷ˣҶȵصŶ೤ʱ䣬ҶY׶۷壬ҲʲôɣظоҶYö壬ɢһ˿ºʹ
šҶYͷû뵽ҶһӾͲı仯ҶȼĿǰȻֻͣڣʵѾԶʤˣȻҲôײ鿴ȼ֪ҶʵҶYʱ龹Լ˻Ҫġ
꿴ҶY飬ǳĬ
ҶŰ꣬ҶYһ߽˷ãһԷŪ˼⣬һСצſʼζӣڳʱ򣬰ĶҲȻʣǳÿ
ץֻèҶսһ㶼һ߳Էʱ򣬿ҶԱֻèЩ棬˹
ףԼܽҶұġҶĿ˰ϣЦ
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ôʶ㣬ȻҲ֪룬ԼӦûж⣬Ǿ㹻ˣֺα׷ôࣿ
ҶYҲǺһֱҶYȻûе⣬ȴǲԸҶYϵƤë
ԹзҶYҶ֮󣬶ȥˡ
ҶŰ꣬Ҷұ̡
İԶ壬ⶫܹ𣿡Ҷóһͼֽʵ
ҶİԶʮӣ׳ҶһͷҲսֱҶ壬ûʲô츳ֻж׵Ϊͨˣһ־տգƽʱҶұƷϾʱҲũߡ
һҶͼֽ˼Ƭ̣Ӧܹ죬ȽϷҪ߰ãһ
İԶ壬⼸Ҷ켸ɣⶫҪҶ֣صص
ҶİԶɻؿһҶƣһԲĺʲôҶƷĺҲǼСѡҶҶҵļ峤Ҷұеλͬһ㣬ⶫп峤ģͷӦҾһʱ
Ǿ鷳İԶˡҶϵص
ĻҶ˿ҶİԶϻ泩μ˵ͦġ
ҶİԶҶͼֽо
ĿʼҶ϶۾Ǻ棬СԹϣôҲ벻ͼֽʲôõġ
صԼסҶһ
꣬ҪˣɱܡҶİԴ
Ȼһ㣬˵ԴҶһ档
Ҷʼתһ߶ڵķɵɵϱойҶ÷ϴȥ֮ٶҲͨߵļʮֹ
ſҶԱߵİͻȻоʲôһɣվ۾΢գҲ붨һ㡣
ҶоԼɲ˵Ķ֮һֳӿȥ۾ؿһ۰꣬ȻҲ룬Ҳ⣬ֽ붨״̬
յĶɲ˵һӰ춼ûС
ʱȥҶоԼڵִ׳˼֣۾һȻվоҶչˣҲ۾
ҶĿ˰ƨɺ棬ѰβͲְĵβֳͣ˼֡
꣬ĵβ͸ˡҶȵصղӦҲβԽ࣬ΪԽߣ
ֱҶβͿƨɣȻЩŤƤëҲ糺Ӧȴû֮ǰôˡ
ǿſţҲϰˡ


27 
ҲҶͻȻЩɻ󣺡꣬㵽ЩʲôأѵҲս
Ҷʵ󲻳ʲôķʽսôСèֻһ׵ޣҲһƾͱķɳȥˡ
֨֨ؽһ£ƺǶҶеܲҶǰ
ͻȻ֮䣬Ҷоǰľ󣬾ǶȻһ䣬˼ֻͷǳӴޣоڶ
ҶоԼ궯һ£תǰӵʱЩͻȻʧ꾲վǰ
Ҷϲصʩչ
ԼצӣеСӡ
û뵽ȻʩչĻǻƺҪתܿƣͨûģֻܿ־֪ĻʲôȼЧսУֻöԷϼӵĻҲԾʤ
Ҷʵ˷һ£ʵ꣬㻹Щʲô
Դƺǳ˼һ£վ建ʧ
ȻΣҶתͼø֪Ĵڣʧˣȫ̽ⲻ꣬תΧһ˲ޱȣ˰λá
ֻܿưĻΣ
˻Ƭ֮󣬰Σ³֡
Σ̫꣬ˡҶص൱õġ
ƲƲ죬ڱʲôֻ͵ſһ£СԺȫããİ֮УҶһͷԼֶ֪ҲȫģˣΨд߶ʱΧһвŶɼ
һᣬſһֽǰȫ˶
Ҷ˫ץŰǰ֫걧
꣬СһҶòˡҶŰ峺۾һǻۣϧ㲻˵ҶԺ꣬оɽǵ⣬Űͳˣܿ׷Ѱġ
Ҷһ£ʲôԺ͸Ұɣʲô㣬㶼ú£һᱣġ
ҶĻ꿴Ҷ۾һ¡
˻κ֮⣬굹ûʩչˣҶ϶϶иûʩչСèϣ֪жܡ
֪ҶһЩͷٺһЦҲҪƼұЩһǣ
ҶŹֵЦһëȻϽΪҶҪ׽ŪϽܽ˷
ÿҶʱ򣬰궼ſҶԱЩҶղ˵Ķ
֪ĵβͣʲôʱܳá
ʮ֮ҶıҲһأֹһأϧûиͱ׵似ȻֿԶѧ似ˡ
Ҷֹһ£ʱתɱʱתɷʱת׵۾
ֹศɣʱ໥ת
ֻ֮һͬĹγɲͬԵеǵһԵģϵϵϵȵȣеǼԻӶɵģй֮ʱת
ڴϺ˯İͻȻת˹ĿתضҶͫɻͲ⣬Ҷɢʱһֱĺ䣬ʱһַ飬ʱһ׵Ŀ񱩣߾Ȼת̶ȳ֮е
Ҷֹһ£ʼֵ
ľˮˣ׵ศ֪׵ַ᲻һЩصЧ
˵Щ֮øΪʵҲдҶȼȴһֱͣûͻơ
쳽¾ףȻֻףȴȫسԽȽܳܵļޣҶԼ֪ʵôˣ֪ǲǸ׷ɵĶ֡
ҶҶİԶｫҶİԶö˹˺ڻҩɹˣǲ֪жĹ˵̫ӣҶİԶҲɹö
ʱ䣬Ҷұһֱûʲô鷢һڼӵÿ춼ƴ䡣
а¾ʮ˱ıᣬ֪ʱᷢʲô飬ҶҶսҲÿ춼ڼҶұ͸һ㣬Ŷرˡ
ҶҲǸܵ˱ѹֵգԶԼò˶þʮ˱ᣬôԲܸҶұ
ҹĻҶұҶұ֮Уɽ޺ƺҲš
Ҷһڴϣתڵ֮⣬ҲǴо̽ķΧӷԲһչ˷ԲſҶԱߣҲƺ붨һ㣬һ
ʱһһţԶɽһŭҲ֪ʲôҰޣڵشɽ֮еҶұȴѰˡ
ʱʲôһ㣬۾ͻȻವһԼٶȳȥ
꣡Ҷ˰ĶϽҪס꣬Ѿͬһ˳ȥ
׷ʲô飿ĪǰҪɽ


28 
겻ΣհɣҶ½Ͻ׷ȥ
ɫӰӷɿΧǽҶұĴ֮С
ҹģǳҶұҶұİ֪̽ҶұˣǲҪ׺幫֪ΪáҶͷ˳ȥܿظ֪ҶұǱҹİ̽ȺרŸϾ䡣
ҶƿЩ̽ߣܿڸӵĻأҶұĳǽ񱼶ȥ
ܿڱеİꡣ
굽׷ʲôôҴҵɽܣ
ҶҲûüô࣬תڵɿظȥߵľس󷽷ӡ
һֱ׷Ű˴СʱѾɽˣһľҶұĹ涨ܽĽء
ɽзǳĽأҶҵĳֹС̤ЩطΪЩطзǳ߽׵޳ûһЩ֪СЩأҲûл
׵׻׻룬Ҷһ£룬Լܹ쵽￪⣬ȻǴҹȻСעŵ㣬ԶԶض㿪Щ͵ޣӦòΣա
һͣ٣ԶˣҶϽӿŲ׷ȥ
Ҷ;ֻ֪̽߰˽׵ޣȫСĵƿ޹Ȼܶ࣬ҺԼ֪̽ȻóȻһֻ޻˵ҪֻΧǾ鷳ˡ
ͣһСʱҶͣһխڴ߶Ƕ͵£ֻһɿСͨɽ
ôխĵطޣºѡ
ѾȥˣҶһ£ǳ˽ȥ
Сһ·ɱ˽ʮӣǰȻʣǱж죬Χ¶ͣмȴһƬԲʮĿտ𣬷ƽСϪʣɫʤա
û뵽ȻһƬԴҶ̾ܶ͵£ƣҲò̾컯֮档
ߣҶָĵһЩèʬ壬ǱҧģЩèвֻͬһβͣëһƣкܶɫżҲβ͵ģڶβͶǱȽ϶̵ġ
ǰļô֪ʲô¡Ҷ룬֪䣬ĿУѾһֻèˡԺǻۣĳЩ˵졣
ŨģǸĺõطܶ£Ҳ֪ЩǴðģҶȴһȤûУ˷ɵҶãֱ֮ʵ̫ϡˡ
ߣҶڷ˰ڡ
վһ̲Ѫǰ棬֮ˮ鱯ˡ
̲ѪǰĳµģҶ̾ϢһָŰĺ󱳡
꣬ˡҶο
ӦкһˣҶȻȻȻ䣬Щ˶䡣
ʲô飿
ӦǷΣգԭضˣҶ֨֨ؽһȻ󳯸ȥ
ҶȥڰһᣬһƬݵͣ
ڲݵ˼£Ѱʲôһᣬͣʼͣǰ֫ٵء
꣬ʲôҶɻʵҲﰢһڡ
ݰεҶǳĪж
һᣬһӲĶҶͷһȻ˶ͣڵأܵڳһµľľӦľȻΧʮֳʪľһ㸯õļûС
èһĶҿԴ𣿡Ҷʵ
˵ͷ
ҶľӴ򿪣һŨƢһ£ľһ˿žɵ鼮ѽ˿򿪣ȵط֣˿ȻһֻǬŲСĿռ䣬ԷúܶණһǬгټֵǧž˿ͨǬĿռҲ֪Ǯ
濴һۣȻʮŵҩһ£ʮŵҩǳأͨɫи뵰С
ҶһҪ֪һ൱ٿžʮһʷǳӴĲƸ൱Ҷұʮܺˣöҩ֪ʲôӦñҪ߼
鼮Ҷһ£ֱ̫ϵǬ
̫ϵϽ֮齲ΣǬһѧйһ׹似
ȻֻһۣҶ֪潲Ķǳ⼸һԸĳһ֣֮
ǻҶұҶϵض԰Щ
ҶͰ׼뿪ԶƬɽȵڴǴ˼޺
һҶһ۰֪꣬˺µģǺ
Ҷ곯ǰ˳ȥͷ͸ߴɵľ޴ǣ߷Ӷ
Ȼͷ߽ǣ㵽ҵļҶ꼱һֻ߽ǣҶﻹôһЩ֪ԼܲܶԸˡ
ҶĻҶļ
Ҷɽӡ
ʱͷ߽ѭζҶԶԶضҶϵİ꣬۾ںҹ֮зǵĹâ


29 
꣬һǡҶһĶһöӡ
֨֨żצץҶҡһ¡
ҶദôãҲһͨ꣺ұӣ
˵ԴǽŵɫҶ˵ӵãԼӣĪǵӱըǣ
Īɱ˰˵ģֻͷǣ
Ҷôһ룬˻ͷ߽ǣһޱǿѶԸҶ˵ѾоԵİտԻһ߽׳ڸ֣ͬʱͷ߽ǣȻЩûס
꣬ҡҶʱֻܽˡ
ſһ£ΧһƬããİֲָҶֻǣһԾһͷȥ
ЩųĹ⣬ڰѰǰ̫Ũˣǻʲô浽аζǵҲȫʧЧ
Ҷ˵һֻǵǰֻǸоҶĿͺһſĴڳҶҧ˹
Ԫ֮壡
ҶԪ֮壬ܿǵ˻һƳͷҲԴȥ
ͷҪҶĹֻҶϵİͫĹһͷһ£ɢΣ˰Ļصһ죬ҶıǵԴϣƾֱǵĴԣͷǶʱԽŽ
һǵԴô׾ͱУ˰ĻǾͲһˡ
ϣ
ҶҲû뵽ԼһƾȻյЧֻԣҲҴ⡣
ûƬ̵ͣҶһֻǡ
ͷǸоΣգվһҶһֻͷ׼Ҷ˹ͻȻɢҲ˰ĻҶȻ֣صһһͷǡ
ʣͷǻת׼ܣǵ壬ͻȻһ㱡ı˪ܵٶȶʱ˺ܶ࣬ҶһƣͷǵԴ
ղʲôҲʩչģҶʵĸ̫ľϲȻϵ
аϣټӵĻǿһЩĸ֣ҲȻ壡
֨֨ؽһǳżӣڽҶϽӡ
ͷǶ߽׵ģӦöȡЩϧˣ̼ӣҶûжŰ곯񱼣԰ɱͷ߽׵ǣƾļԿԽ磬ͷǸ˲ȻҶǰμ꣬궼ˣ֤ĵ˶ϲֻͷ߽ô򵥣а˽׾Ž׵ǿޣ
뵽ҶĻ
һ·ҶұУ;һֱϢӦǽҶµϢ
Сʱ֮ҶұѾңңˡ
Ҷɽ֮дһ߿Ǻ𣬻Ʈ֮ϵëֱ¶һ˿־֮ɫ
꣬õģһ޶̤ĵ̡Ҷо˰ĺ£һµв²ţͷǲ֪ʲôޡ
Զ߷ǰס
ҪҶұˡҶаһȻ˸ϲ⣬ҶұĵҶһ˿ȫУףٲһڹε
Ҷ׼Ҷұʱ򣬴дOO@@Ӱ˳
ҶĿ⣬ǰǸ˵ϣȻԩ·խǰǸ˾ȻҶī漸úܣҶ²⣬ЩӦƼұˣ
Ҷīһ˽ס߽סףЩҶұʲô
ҶīҲҶһ㶣漴¶ݵЦݡ
СҶսĶӣȥץҶīҶ߱ƽȻô˵ȴһɱ
û뵽ȻҶ̤Ьٴȫѹ
Ƽұ˶ԣץҶҪЮҶս죬ȡ棬ҶīȴҶȲͳˣ
úõҶұ㲻Ȼܵ·㲻ߣ㴳ϴξϾȻָˣûôˣ뵽Ҷʱʹ࣬Ҷī˼֡
ҶīƽҶװֵ̿˼ڵѾڷת̫࣬ҶѰ˼ŸӦԣôȰҶīɵ˵
Ա˼סҶҶұ·ҶϣץģСŻã˵ҶսĶҶףҶīһ߽׶ȥץ㹻ˣòǳ֡ĸƼұ˶ԶԶؿţ¶Ϸʵ飬Ҷγ˰Χ֮ơ
֪ҶīӦһЦһСӣȥɣ
ҶīתĽڣצտʼʱֶǺڵģһ磬ֻķڣҶīצԱҶĸˣһԾҶץȥ
Ҷһֵ̿ӣĸƶСӲһץҶȥǱǴһ뵽¶һ˿Ц⡣


30 
Ҷ߶ڵķɵѸٵתֲͬĹͬʱת
Ԫ֮壡
Ҷ壬һ㵭Ľ⡣
˭һأҶаţᶨضҶī
ѧԪ֮ΣΪһףܹ߽׶岻ɣҪ֪׺߽׵Ĳж󣡡ҶīЦһצƺͣ٣Ҷؿץצ֮͸ƶ
һצҶҲҪ
ͻȻоԣҶīҪץסҶҪȡҶ˿̳ۿҶҪҶīצ£ɥһǻСӵù
ΧҲãһҶҪѪ
Ҷī־ڱصõʱҶͻȻ̧ͷȴϷʵı顣
ҶīͷһĪСʲôıǴʱҪջȴˡ
ֻҶͷֻɫèͻȻųһĹ⣬Ҷīһ㱣ǰҶͻȻʧˣԼȻվһƬԭ֮ϣΧޱȿտ˶ˣ׷ʲô飡
ҶīֻôһɣҶһ࣬㿪ҶīһצһǱƺݺݵغҶīؿڵλá
ۣҶīһѪ˳ȥ
Ҷһಿλƾ͸Ҷī壬ֱ࣡Ҷһ߽֮֮ڵĸѷɫҪ֪ǿǣҶһԴ֮Ҳᵱ
߽̣֮ĿڰҶһƣҶī䲻ڱ϶Ǿϣ޷ˣɾûҶôˣĸϻǧžĴۣҶīȻȻѰҶ
Ҷīɳȥüɣصˤ˵ϣزʹ˹ȥ
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ǼƼұ㶣ùԲ⾿ô£ҶСӣõ׵Ϊʲô߽׵Ҷī˲һצץƫ˲˵ܣذҶһƣ
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ǹˣȻ֪׺߽֮ĲжҶȻһƻҶīȻʲôصע⵽ղҶðĽ⣬ҶұԪ֮壡ĪԪ֮壬Խɱˣ
СеŵѧҶսϹԪ֮壬Сһ㣬һסһΧһ𣬳Ҷȥ
ĸ˹֨֨Ľһſ³һŰΧԲʮɣȫ˰֮С
ҿˣ
Ҳˣ޵
ǼƼұ˶ʱϹҶ˫Ŀһ꣬ǼƼұļһ¶һ˿ЦȻҶұǾͱȥˣ
Ҷһ׵ȥһǱǸһȥ
ǸһﷴӦ죬оХתͷ׼ӭѾ̫ˣҶһǸһĲǸһʱ˳ȥһԴ
ָɵһ
ҶĿ⣬ʣµ˿ȥĿ
ƼұҶұĳԹɻ⣬ҶȻ飬ԾŲ䣬һֽһ׵Ļɡ
ҶҵСеӸҳͷβʲôӢۣ߱裬ѾˣŭɶŭһһƻȥֻһƾھҶһɵĵϣʯɽ
ܴϱҶĴ·λǰ̫Ũ޷֪Ҷ׼ȷλá
ұͲʲôӢۣҲͷβôˣǻԶأҶмƲƲ죬Էǰ˽׸֣ѾҶԲǶ֣һһöӣѾɽΧӦûʲô⡣
ΪӪһξ룬ͻȻԱ׼ֹֻԱߵͻȻ˭
Լˣæң
ߵһ𣬲
СӲ֪Ūһֻޣ̫Ũأעصصޣ˽ѱŨޣȽӦòͣ
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ͻȻоʲôԼںģʯͷЦһС޲ŻͶʯӹһƻȥƾ͸նöӡ
һ죬£һǿĳײϽ壬صһ¶⵽شֻúͷһ˳ȥ
ԱǸ߽׵Ҳӵɲ壬Ϊɳȥɶ࣬ſڵˡ
ĵסؿڣףҶӹģʲôʯӣһǿİھŽ׸һҺǰȽԶǱǰϣʲôĽȫʬ
ؿʹ̣޷ˣǿһɱ
ߣûôףҶһ׷ȥѾһӣҶõڶţһӣǿ֮ĩ
Ԫ֮壡
Ԫ֮ʱ仹û꣬ҶϷɫĹâһǱȭĺ󱳺ȥ
ˣǱܵʵͻ¶ҲᱻƼұ֪
ǿʮǰһ󷢺ڣоѵݺһȻҪҶһδɵСоȭХתͷҶȥ
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صһը죬ҶԼȫһƣĵغ˺üѪӿ³һѪһЩˣ־㱻ϣкȻ˽ĸֹȻ˵ã˵£Ȼܷӳ˿µʵԼ̫дˡǰûи˽ĸֽȫȻ֪жǿʵ֪ˡ


31 צ
һ߿ȥǲ۵³һѪڵѸٵʧ֧Ųס˵ϣûǰҶĶ֣Ҳ﷭ȻҶ
Ҷתڵѹﶯô󣬿϶ˣøϽߣ
ϷһЩҶԥЦˣ뿪
Ƭ֮Ƽұ˷˹Ҷī˵ʬ壬ǾŭӣѵҶսҶһ˳֣ɱǣ
ƣǾŽ׸ֲɵġ
Ǽһۣ˵ʬ壬ƼұӶȥ
ҶΧǽƼұصԼס
һ´ѳĶҶīҪֻмöҶҶīҵһצ似
צ
ҶһüͷצҶҼ似УѷɫԪ֮壬ǳִޱȣƢ꣬似ǲѧΪ
ȻѧҶǷһ£צ似֮Լа
һ£ҶȻԭֲצ似Ƣ꣬צʱо̫ʱתƢ꣬壬ǽ֮һģûʲô̫ˡ
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Ҷ޸Ĺ֮һ£Ľһ˿⣬б֮
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Ҷת˷צִ˼ַ飬ӦƷг˵似ˣԪ֮廹ҪһΡ
צԺǽצɣ
֪ԺܲܽҲýȥ
Ҷһֱо似УȻط֣Ѿȫצһһ޸ģצ似츳õļԱҪϲգЩ츳ģʮꡢʮ궼δա޸似ǾҪһˣҶҴǨƵֿдʱ䣬ʱܹ似޸似ģֻȼ˶ѡ
似ٶȣҶԼе־𺧣ĪǾ쳽ԭ
צҪ޸ĵĵطñʱעҶ׼Ȿ似ףڷצˣû
Աߵİ֨֨ؽлһ
Ҷͷְ峺Ĵ۾һֱԼ
꣬ҪЩʲô𣿡ҶʵĿԼǬϣǬȡݸ꣬ȻǬžĲƸĹؼϾèһĶ鰢УҶҲþΪС
Ǭ﷭һ£Ǭóһֻë޵צӱס֮е顣ǰ沿֣дǧٹֻ֣ɬĴʻ㣬Ҷں벿֣ĳд컭צӡмơ
õ֮󣬽ǬҶǰһơ
Щ𣿡Ҷʵ
˵ͷ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ȻЩ͸Ҳȴ֮ˣЩòҲòϣû˼ˣԼԺչչˡ
ڴĽ﷭ʱ飬ٲȻ͸һ㣬ѩ׵Ƥë޾ס
飬ӦǸģʣҲΪϡ
Ҷһ£̫ϵһ飬˸ļɣԼֵҩ䷽Ӿϴ赤ٵΪĳҩ
ҩʦ磬λΪ磬ҩʦֻľһҲֵҶұ֮ܺͣҪм߼𼶵ҩʦǸǲˡ
ҪΪҩʦȴô򵥵ģһҩʦΪҪﵽϣĿҲҪﵽǳ˵ĳ̶ȣұŻϵܹΪҩʦģһڸ߼ҩʦҩǸǺˡ
ֿ˿ڣҩʦҲʮ˶ѡ
ҶұܳһҩʦֿĵλҲͬˡ
Ҷ˼ţ֪ԼûгΪҩʦʸҩⶫҲرӣֻǿһ飬Щҩĳӡ̽ҶԺ츳棬ҶţԼĿӦòڻϵ츳һ⣬Ҷû쳽Ļϵ֪Լûлϵ츳
Ǭﻹʮöҩ֪öɫģʲôҩ
Ҷһ̫ϵһ飬Ŀڵҳмϣϴ赤ɫ뵰ʮɡͨ䳬ʮ֮󣬾ʵԴʹϴ赤֮󣬿ʹ䷥ëϴ裬侭ָʮ֮״̬
Ǵ˵дõϴ赤
Ҷ𾪵ףһöϴ赤ļֵҪͶһҲҩ
һöԾȻһˣȻ츳ҲǴ𣬶һöϴ赤ȴΪһ崴һţ
Ҷ뵽ҶҶλֳѾʮˣ̻ϴ赤պܼΪһ뵽λֳ꣬ҶţԼڿԻرˡ
ҪΪҩʦҪ˻ϵ˵̫ϵһҶĿ⣬Ǭһϡ


32 λ
Ǭһһ㹦ȷʵǺ˺ܶ࣬Ʒ߰ƷģǸ쳽һȣѷɫܶˣ쳽κһֹȲϡ
ҶãҪҵһűȾ쳽ҪĹֱǲܵ顣
˵Ǭķھûʲôãȴ似ٶƷģаƷġ
似Ҷڻ޷ѧϰϰǬķҲǲʵʵģ룬쳽ľֹȫˣ˵ܹǬ似Ϊ쳽ųѧ޳ң˾쳽Ϳ¼е似
һ룬ҶҲżˣǬһҲ
Ƚ쳽ֹĵһض˵
ҶͰ꣬ҲԿʼҶתת׵磬飬ܻ֮ǿƥʱҶо׵ڿٵתһһ㣬ͣŴӷɵӿ
귭һ飬ҶʼתϽҶԱߣҶɢ
ͨ˶Ǽȡ֮ΪãΨҶ⣬ʱɢŨʮֹ

ղźЩĪǳʲôӣҶսһը죬ʧЦϴΣһըǶˣʱǻΪǾŽ׸Ϯ
ϴεľҶս˶ˡ
һЩվ츳ˣӦרʵŶԣҸ˵һҶսһ£Ȼ
ǳҶұҲ׵۾ҵΪͻƣԣ̰䣬Ҫ棬ȥɡҶЦЦǼ˹ƺˣܱסҶұʮƽ׵۾ҶұԻָտɴһ£㲻ǿˡҶǷǳġ
ǲ֪Ҷұⷢ飬ΪҶӣҲûȥܡ
Ūʲôӣ󣬾ҵȾŽ׸֣ҲҪɵһоһ£Ҳδɣ粻̫ˡҶսЦЦ
ȷʵϾŽ׸֣Чޣ츳׿֮ܽʮߣﵽδ֮磬ҵŪһЩעҶս¼ĸĸһӳģ
磬ܶ£Ӧִ֪ġҶսһԿοҶս
šҶսȻô˵װһӣĵҶǺԺġ
ʱȥ֮ҶĵҲ˴ɣֹˡ
һ½ľˮַҶһüͷֹˣӦ֣Ƚһֹ˴ɣһ˵Ĺ޷ˣ׵ศɵģһֶ֣Ժܿɣľˮֹϵǧ˿ơ
ˣĪҪͬʱҶ۾һƪķĬģ
ֹһѶǸ˵㣬һηɵ֮ҶƺҲͻͽҲѣ˼ȫ֮С
ȻͬʱֹҶٶȣȴһֹ٣Ǽֹͬʱãʵˡ
׵ֹһ֮Ҷֵõ˴Ѿﵽ׶壬ۿžҪױˣ֪ܷʮ˱֮ǰ߽ס
ôȥƼұ֮ǰһҪʵ߽ǰ˽ףȻԱûУ
뵽ʮ˱ᣬҶĳһ˿Ȼ֮ɫƼұٿʮ˱ᣬ϶Ǳô򵥣ӦҶұ֣սڼҶӸоʱȡ
˵ԼŬĻܹһͻףףһڽ߽ף֪Լ߽ף֪θ롣
ڵٶȣѾȫҶ֪ҶЩ£ôףʲô֢ɣ
ڣҶҲ޷ȥ˼ЩˣôʵҶұȹΣ˵
ƺǿ˼֣Ҷĸоϲ
ҶƮڿУҶұ⿴ȥҶұһʮˣм˻̧ʬ壬˵ģҶĿһƼұˣ
Ͻ˻һһԵİ꣬Ҳ۾
꣬Ƽұˣǵȥ濴
ҶĻವһҶļϡ
ҶҶұȥ
Ƽұؼұϼұּұκұλáһ˷ɿس߱
Ҷս˵ı棬ЩصؿҶһۡ
ϴθЩʲôҶսü
ȻˣһȥɡҶһŽ׸һʲô˼
Ҷս֮ҶʵҲ˾ŽڣҶұʵȣҶˣƼұҲ˼η֮ġƼұȻô˹λδؿΪƼұҿô˵


33 Ѫ־
Ҷұ
Ҷʱ򣬿ĴѾۼϰˡ
վڴ룬ԵĵϺľʬ壬˵ģȻҶīʬû̧
ҶϷõľʬ壬ȻƼұ̧ľʬʲô˼˿ľʬ壬ϳһһ˽׸֣֪ôġ
Ҷװˣ˵ҶսɱģҲšҶûһ飬ŭɶָҶ
ҶսãȻЩɻƼұ϶ɱҶұϾһ˽׸֣ĸڼ֮УҲ۷ս֮һһԼԶĪʧ
ȷȷʵʵˣ
⸽ԲҸƼұΪеģҲֻҶұˡ
ƼұҶս˸˻ȷʵɱģҶұɱģ⼸춼ڱûȥȻôҲ뵽Ҷϵġ
˲ɱģû뿪Ҷұ벽Ҷ
ƨôģͱˣ
ЦҶ˵˲ɱģͲɱģɱģѵҳϲɣҶ˵ֱ׳
˵ʬ壬ҶұֵģǱŽ׸ɱҶҶս졣һ絶һ㣬ضҶս졣
ҲɱġҶսҶұľŽ׸ֻҶˣҪɱˣȴǲ̫ף뵽񳿵ıըһ뵽һܣȴû˵༥ƼұˣҶұʲôĪҶұҶұɱģƼұҲ̫ԵˣԺǵҶұҪҶұ˱ǲɣ
Ҷн겻ԼɱģֳֻϣҲû취򾭹߸׺幫ǣȻƼұץѱˣ˵ģƼұ˵ʲôѵ׼ҸͷҶұսҶұʱƼұĶ֣
һһСƵõǸɾǲ֣û꣡Цŭ
ĪƼұҪɣҶĿһɨΧϱرֱκĸƼұѹҶұ𣿡
طǲԸҶұƼұǵﲻƼұжֿ֧֣ƼұҪҶұ֣ǻ治⣬ǲˡ
ʮ˱ĿǰоŸƼұǾ֮ģ
ط˲شҶЦȻƼұԸҶңֺα̧ľʬͽȻ˳ЦƼұսҶұʱ㣬λȻҶΪУǶҶұ֣ҲݹϷ򲻿ˣ
Ҷ϶Ȼͷųǿơ
طɫһҶƣٲȻѾﵽŽڣ֮ѷɫɫһ£Ž׳ں;Žڣʵ༫Ž׳ڸͨпܻһŽڣȻҲҪʮֲʹĴۣ
û뵽ҶʵȻѾﵽ˾Žڣʲôʱ飿
ҶΪҶұŽ׸֣ôֿһŽ׶ĸֹҶұҷ𣡡Ȼͱˣ仰ôԱ߼λ
ط⻰ɫһݣȻֿ֪˹ôɵҶұҲܵƼұ
㻣סҶұǶֿǣˣ˵ҩҪڶֿͽǲžʮ˱ᣬڱ֮ǰƼұܶҶұ֣֮Ҷұʱ㣬ҫҲˣҶұɣҶط
ɫ˱䣬û뵽ҶϢôͨ
ҶұɽĿɽѾƼұӹˣҶұ֮һµ⳥ҶұǲԹɽȥԵʱ򲻿ܸҶұսÿԽҶұĿɽ
ĻҶұ˷׷׷ŭ֮
Ƽұ̫
ҶұȺ鼤ߣƼұĿŵҶұĿɽǿ죿
գ˲ûҩζʮ㣬Ҷұǣ͵Ҷսһ仰ƴһҶұŭĿӣʱ׼Χǣط˰пֻ࣬ȫ䱸Ҷұ֣Ǽ˿Ҳñˮ
Ҷսֱ¶ǰ˵ᱩ𣬸ƼұһսڣΪҶұһҪ̣ٸҶұʱ䣬ҶұͲôƼұˣݣҲҪʻضȥ
ԻƼұֻعҶսҧһһٵص
Ҷվһԣʱκ˶֪е裬ǸȻ踺س飬Ҷȭͷ߬ýģκһ̶ʹԼΪʲôԼû㹻ǿʵ
ط˱һ亹Ҷսһ£ȻŽ׸֣Ҳ̤Ҷұǹ֮ǰû˵ƼұҪǿҶұɽ飬֪ǾͲˣвмŭҶսӲؽ˻ȥ
Ҷս죬ôûҿҶұһȫثַ߾ߣǸҶһëԣЦ󲽳Ŷȥ
̫һҶһɫף޲ȥƴû峤һؿȥͷ
ս֣ǣط˷׷׵£ȻԴ̼ҶұˣǾһ亹ĻҶϽ뿪˵
˵ıӰʧҶұſڡ
峤ɱƼұѩ裡ͨһصع˵ϡ
峤峤ɱЩˣҵϧȻҲҪֻһ
ɽɽҶ괫еҵҪģԲܱߣǲܱǰ峤峤ǣһһ¡
ҶұɭϣûҶսҶͬ⣬ǾԲжһıߣ׷ҶսҶ
ҶҶսѪ־ԸƼұսף޻ڣҶսһѷذףԼֱϻһѪð˳۹Ľʿеʱ򣬶ʽȴǷҶұ档
ҶսӥԸѪ־޻ڣ
ҵԸѪ־޻ڣ
ʮ˵ѪȾĵ档
峤ˣһߵף£ЩǴޡ
ҶҶսˣۿᡣǺγƼұƴˣƥһŭѪʮףΪ˼踺ظѣѵҪǧ괫еҶжϾкȥڣ
һԵҶ棬Ȼ꣬һ磬Ǵʱеᵽˣʲô壬ʲôѪŨˮʲô崫С裡


34 ޸似
λֵֶҶս̰ҶұѾǧ꣬Ȳ׺ɣ뵱ҶұǺεȻԻҫʱգһƼұѹͷϡƼұҶұĿɽҶ֮壬Ҷұǧ괫֮ѪܹӦ𣿲ܣȻܣǽ죬ǱҪ̣Ҷս죬ٹʮ죬ʮ˱һҶұ㵱ȫ֮ƼұһսҶսۿᣬ
ҲͬսľҶһԵʮ˱һǱƼұս
һ峤峤ô˵ȻбߣҲͷͬ⡣
ҶϽһЩֹѪҩݣһֹѪ
ǹڴþòԸȥѾΧˡ
ҶɵתҶսҶĻ֪ҶұɽռҶұһֱߵСɽɽڽеϵĲҵҵǶǿռˣĻҶ֮
ҶЩΣԼɱЩ˾ͲûҶҺɽĿɽҶұɽĿɽǶԣֻһɽô򵥣Ǽ֮
֮ǲŽɢȥ
ߡҶս쿴һԵҶֵʱԵЩƣҶһʹ
ҶҲҶ˹
ҶͷǸεصףˡ
ôˣҶսȰҶԴ
ЩɱġҶʵصһɫ
Ҷս졢ҶȻµӦҶе㲻ţҶ۷ѣǰ˽׵ĸ֣˵һ߽סףҶһ֮ɵô֣ôܣõҶȷ֮һݡ
ǰ˽׸֣ʲôģҶĻҶսĳþƽ
ңӡҶЩû뵽Ȼ
Ȼ൱ھŽ׸ֹ԰˽׻ǾŽ׸ֵʵսãޣϾ˽׻ǾŽ׵ĸ֣վﲻ˽׵ĸԾŲж죿һʱ飬ˡ
֪Ҷս쿴Ҷȴû˼
ɱҶͷ
ɱɱƼұʵûдйҶսҡҡͷ
ǺɽĿɽȴƼұˡҶףɫ
Ϊ㲻ɱƼұͲɽƼұҶұɽĿɽѾܾˣġҶս쿴ҶӣҲҶˣڲ棬ҹ͵͵⣬ûΣգȫˣ˸ǿĶ֣˷ô죿ԺԲգ
ˡҶͷû뵽˵ľȻ뵽׶ԼĹģҶһƬů⣬Ǹ֪ɽƾͲôƽǱˣȻǲѰ˵ġ
Ҷս룬ҶȻֻܴҪ˽׶ǾŽ׸֣һ㶼ΣգͰĺܶˣҲżעҶǰΪˡ
Ҷұ⣬ҶīҶһǾ˵
Ҷīһ˵ҶīͽҶ˶ŭ쳣Ҷīģ̵ģѳͽ
ҶīѾɱˡҶ
úãΪҶŻҶս˷׷׵ʹ죬Ҷī
ҶīϣҵҶצ似ݸҶս졣
צҶսɫһ䣬ʱûצ
һ¡ҶҶսɫе㲻̫ãͷ
磬̫ˣϲõצѧˣҲֻƤëѡҶսһЦ
ҶսҶսĻɫԻǸȻΪ̫ˣצ׵Ƣ߻ħԲѧϰףҶսңҶҶұ츳һˣӣҶսΨҶ;
Ҷ˵ԼѾצһЩ޸ģ֮󲻻߻ħˣ֪˵˵ҶҶս죬Ǵžη֮ģΪ峤ƽʱһϵơ
צǻˣҶսһµ׼צ似˺顣
ףһȡҶ½Ͻצ޸֮ôҲһƷϳ似ٵ̫ϧˡ
ôˣҶսɻؿҶ
һצ֮ҶЩĵؿһҶս죬Ҷսûзŭżצ֮УһЩ̫ʱ֮󣬲ŻᵼƢɱצ֮޸һ֮Ͳ߻ħˡ
ҶҶսһۣҶ˵ģצƷѧȴܱˡǣҶ޸似Ҫ֪Ҷұܹ޸似ģһǾŽϵĸ֣ʮ׵ģ츳׿֮
С˵Լĳ似޸һ£ǶȻţöԷ˵λҶͬ˵ҶõҶڵָ㡣
Ҷս췭һצȷʵһЩ޸ģҶıʼ
Ϊȥ幫λһϸоһǵó֮ǰмǲ似ףҶս쿴Ҷ
֪ˡҶԭ˵Լǵצצ˷צ룬һϾɹһƷ似˵δ̫ˣٵͷְѻ˻ȥ


35 Ҷ峤
Ҷս콫צ似
ҪƼұһҶұʵǲ̫ˡҶսҡͷ̾˵׵۾֮󣬼ʵȻ޷Ťתơ
Ƽұǲݣ
һڳһơ
ľѾַȥˣɽɽᣬڶֿĵҲˣǵ취ŪһЩУʱر֮Ҷսٹ¾ҪƼұսʱҪҩʵʱҶұʱȴǵ
ʵڲУҺս쵽ɽɱһЩ߰˽׵ޣҲԻһЩҩҶһµǾŽ׵ʵɱ߰˽׵Ӧ׾٣׬Ǯġ
УҶսҶұⲼƼұߣ֪λ峤һȥɱޣ϶˷ġ
ҶҶսҶұĶԲ¡
˵Ӧô죿Ҷս쿴ʵ
һĪչ
Ÿ幫λ죬Ҷ뵽ԼǬΪɵĹϵЩҩҶòϣ׼ףе㲻̫ýЩܣҶ˵ȥҶұĹؼʱ̣ҶұˣҶҪôսҪôӴ˹¿ھԲǲ˽ʱ򣬵Ϊ˸ҶҶұľ˲ҶұҶҪܴһΡ
ףﻹһЩȥáҶһ£ڵ
Ҷս첻ʧЦִȰҶԴͷǵǱˮнԼðɡΪ峤֪ҶұôˣÿҪĶٵҩ
ף53öҶص
53öһ죬ʲôҶΪԼ⣬֮ɫ
һö൱ö
53öǿöҶұʮĻˣ
Щѣ
˵˰ɣǾҶսʧЦҶôõó53öҪ֪Ҷƽʱʹõľɼṩġ
վҶϵİƲƲ죬ҶսҲ̫Сһ㣬û棬53öܶ
û˵ҶһȷϵǬȫ˳
һŨɢƮ
ͷ𣬾ȻЩʵԿһ̨ס
ŪôҶսеļ˵ҶұвƲЩֵǮ
ڱġҶϷ̣һ˵ˡ
Ҷս˿˿ҶѻδҲ̫׾ˣȻҶ˵ҲͲ׷ЩˣҶóô뵽ڣڵĶͰɣ
Щľ׸𣿡ҶҶʵôӦ֧һֱŽˡ
ǵ幫ѾСˣ֮£ѡ¹ؼԸ⽫Щ׸塣Ҷ֣صصʵҪЩΪɵɢ̺Ҫöࡣ
ҶЦһãҶд˵ȶɣγ岻ˡҶҶԽԽϲ
壬һ飬Ҳʮ˼峤֮λ뽫峤֮λ֪ɷ񣿡ҶսҶ佱ҶҲǸԺ
ȷʵˣó峤ЩطԣǼϼһҲܰšҶͷ
ף򲻿ɣսҶֵ̿صҶ֮峤֮λΪ˷ֹ峤֮λҶڵҶұ峤ȴȫû
кβɣҽҶұ峤֮λʱҶұҲڷƮҡ֮ʱʱ峤ΪڳʱŽףֻսȼֵܰң㲻СˣοǼϼһﶼڣܰšҶսȻôˣ
סҶ˵ЩȴҶ˴ϡ
صģҶұȻǧˣȻ򣬸ƹܣһЩľҶͰЦЦ
Ҷ˵Լȫ˼೤˾ˣٱ粵ҲȻƷ⽨峤ƣ˱зһС
һ峤ߵȨڣ峤⵽ǵļ嵯ķ֮ϵͶƱͨܰ峤ʱ峤˵һһ˭Ҳ޷Ǹһ峤档
ұϢҶսЦǺǵص
峤Ҷǲòˣ峤һЩشľеСһŲܣӰ⵹һЩ


36 ϴ赤
Ҷ˸Ҷöʮö׼ǿʵ
ҶҴ棬ҶҶսټһӵܣʼΪ
ʮöɶЧЩڴˡ
ҶӴ˳硢סȥ
ĲҵѾرգҶûʲôˣÿ춼ԼԺʮʱûдﵽף˺һֱûнչӲֻܱڼҵ£ʵҲǺܲĵģ컯ŪˣȫµĹ֮ӲľһֱͣͲǰΪҲʼнչˣȻֻһ΢ļҲΪ
ͻȻ˼ҶϽȥţҶ¶һ˿ϲ飬ܣôˣ
硣Ҷ΢Ц
ɡҶһЦ
磬ҹһЩ飬ȻҪȥˡҶǶڼӽҲ˷ʱ䣬֮ǰѾоҶղҲ
ţ˵ɣʲô飿ҶͷǰҶοܳˣҲǰˡ
磬һŵҩŵҩȥɡҶǬóһöϴ赤
ҶҶеϴ赤ЩɻҶöҩûЩŹ֣ͷͨҩҲûԵҩ
ĿԳ𣿡ҶҶӹҩҶʵеģǾ֮ĵҩˣΪ;㷺ԵɻʹãͬĵҩЧôãҩʦǼƣһЩĵҩϴ赤֣ҶѹûΪʲôҩ
ţԴԻһЩġҶȷϵص
ǺãһԡҶƶӣҶ룬ԼѾܶûнչˣһԣſڽöҩȥ˵֪ʲôҩҶǳΡ
Ҷϴ赤֮ͻȻоһǿޱȵҩԸΪģ֫ӿȥͷȻʲôҩҩȻ˿ֲϽʼת
ҶоԼϣǱһ㣬ȫͨ죬ɢһɰɫˮشƤӿ˳һȳζ
ÿֲҩҶٱҲ뵽Բʲôͼҩ
ڵϰʱҩ֮Ҷ۾˲ȫȳվɫǺ죬ץסҶĸ첲صܣҳԵģʲôҩ
ҶӣҶ֪ϴ赤ӦЧˣ뵽ôܼ꣬ͻˣһЦϴ赤
ϴ赤ҶĻͬһ㣬ҶǿǱȶҪĵҩҶ㶳ţҸղžȻһϴ赤ҶûоϲЩ֣̿ܣ֪Ūöϴ赤ϴ赤ĵҩӦûɾףܷӸãҳ̫˷ˡҶǿҵУǿһöϴ赤ɾʹúü꣬ʮ꣬Ȼȴһ̵ˡ
磬ˣǰϴ赤õֿȥڶδػ˽֣ϴ赤رȥ죬֣֮͵͵ˡҶ͵ʵˣԸԼһ޽չҲҪΪ롣
ȷʵǰˣֻǣѰҶص
ϴ赤֮󣬲Ӧô࣬ҶұƼұսڼӦøϽʵǡҶ
ҶؿһҶ֣صصܣԺġ
磬ǧô˵ֵܣѪŨˮ˵ĻԵˡҶתһﻹһöϴ赤֪
һöϴ赤Ҷ𾪵ؿҶ漴¶ϲ֮ɫȥѶܽ
ҶҲƵ˳ȥҶԼϴ赤УǸԼֵܳԣȴǷǳҶӣҶȻʧЦ
һᣬҶҶҲ˹ҶҶĬû˵ҶԵϴ赤
ȻɻҶſڰϴ赤ȥʱҶҩʤֵ̿վ֪ղųԵϴ赤ǸҶһķӦ
ܣϴ赤㲻׼ҲӦø츳׿˳԰Ҷп
츳׿ʮǰףӲҪϴ赤ҶЦʵ
Ҷһ£εЦðɣԶѾˣЩʲôҶԸȴǱҶһЩ
λֳϴ赤ܼʵҶϲ˴ϥ̸Ҷ׵۾ڶصĿھԼצ似޸İ汾ǡ
λֳʮֿ̿࣬ǿʼ½ͻףϴ赤ҩ澪ˣҶҶӲľָʮ״̬ٶҲӿ죬Ľ˴ȵ


37 񻯵
ҶұĴȻһգڶʱƼұںɽĿɽɿʯˣΪ˴̼Ҷұһ㣬򿪲ɿɽߺɽص
ҶұԣֱĪĳ裡
Ҷұͬ飬ŬڵķʩҲʼ˼ս״̬
Ҷÿ춼ԼԺ˳Էһ̤Ժš
似ϰˣڲݴԼɮһ㣬ǱоŽľˮַ
Ȼͬʱַľˮַ໥Ҳһַ١
ɵ治ͣӿҶĵͬһ㣬ͣţÿһ֣ڵ׳һ֣ÿһ죬ҶоԼԷǳ˵ٶȳɳ
ʱţת۹ʮ졣
ա
ҶСԺȻһ徲ľдУ峿ĵһ͸ľķ϶ּ仹мŨص
ҶȻʱڵƺﵽһٽ㣬޷ˡ
ΪʲôڵһֿļѵˣҶһüͷţ궯ʧһ㣬ӵﴦɢ̢֮ݿһ㣬ݶܵľ
ҶƺһҪס񱩵ȴһĸоѵҪϱһˣ
ѵ֮ǰȽ̫ĺ֢
ҶͷЩûнȫľݻٴͬʱת˽ľˮҪתʧе
Ȼոɣ㱻񱩵ûҶؿԼȫľݻٴһֱߵӿ
ȫľһͿĴɢȫָӣܹʹõģҲֻˡ
Ҷ߶꣬ͻȻ֮䣬ϵһԺ˲һƬһ־˵ٶ׳󣬱ǰǿ
ҶİͻȻ۾ȫëȻһҶ·ҶϣһηޱȵĶವһҶķ䱼ȥҶ߼ˣֻԶԶؿš
Ҷ꣬һ˿ʵʵζиܹĻԷ֣ҶϿվһס೤ıʿɣ׳һȻϵơ
񻯵
ϧֻûйӰʵ壡
Ҷ߶ɵɵͣӿȫȫľƺһ˿յļ
Ī쳽һҪ־ϵḶ́
뵽Ҷһ߶ľˮֹʱڸƵĶǷҶڵĸ֮Уת
ľƢˮ
Щţصʡ
쳽ţ
Ҷôڲݴ֮УڵϵֲܻͬɫʵĹΣֹâӳҶӣһͣ˿̣Ҷ·Χһںϳһ壬ɨ˴ȫԡ
ľˮֹĵһƺҲѣѾҶɾˡ
Ȼܹ֮ţ֪֮ܲţ
ҶҲʼתķ
âͬɫת֣ҶܲͣתţĵΪĿĹâֱԸٶת֮С
к飬ľԪأͬʱһ˵ϣǺ澰
Ҷ˫ĺ˫ŽģһţֱǱ׵硣
ҶͬʱоֹŻƶ֮ѵľѸٵػָǰӴ׳ŽﴦʼѸٵܿأҶ˽׵ıϣֻ̽һ£ֻһһը죬һǿͷ˳ȥȫëף·ţЩֿʼգѸٵر˻
ͻף߽̾
ûоʹֹͣҶչӣԭһƬĵһƬֹɵţ·ſһ㣬ڵ֮һּΪµķʽͣתתÿһ̣һеλϣ˸Χת·һСϵľſһ㡣
ѹ⹦о쳽
Ÿ֮Ҷڵڲ߽׳ڣ߽ڣٵ߽׶壬ֻһ㣬˽׵ıϡ
ŶãȻ߽׶壬˽ֻһߣ
ҶҲԼٶ𾪣쳽ĵǣ쳽ʱ֮УһַǳµĶ
һɫӰӣڲݴ֮ɿӹͣһ͹ʯͷϣӰǰ꣬Ŵ۾ĿһֱͣҶϣоҶϣɢһֶصϢ
Ҷһµǰľ磬չ۾ԶȥֻԶգһգ춫˲ʱ䣬ɫҶ峺ͫ׽ӳ
ĵβͳˣҶϲضĵβͣ٩Ƶصҿûпʼ
ϵëһȾһĨκ죬ವһڵҶĻҶ͸Ϣо
ҶڰƨңĵβͻûпʼҶԸ֪ڵǰ׳˺ü
꣬ҸոһֶᣬΪܴһ¡ҶԴԽԽ׽ˡ
˶䣬ȻǳȤ
ֶ֮䣬Ҷ΢΢һЦԶĳ
۾ɻ
ҲֻǸոսӴĴڡô˵ɣֲﶯǵɽǵӿǵǳǵǳתҲǵ޴ڣԿΪܻҶ૵˵ţϧǰ̫٣ֻԶôһЩ޷֮壬ֻôһ㣬Ϊͻͽǿߣ޷ֻǵǰһȺ׷ߣż⣬ɾǵĻԻ͡
ȻԻ̧ͷӳģҶǿհͫףɵЩˣһᣬƾһ㣬շһ˿΢죬ҶĻ˸λã
ŰӣҶЦҡҡͷ֮ǰЩǰ˵ˣӦûⲻˡ
Ҷؿųĸһֶص֮ʲôѵһҪתô·Է˯
ôվţڵתŷɵӿֻٶȱȴҪܶࡣ쳽һɣһӦþͿѧϰǬ似ˣ
ˡ

ҶԺŴ򿪣ǋY¶һ˿΢ЦYգԽˮˣˮ۵ƤžӨ͸ĹҶһҪһĳ嶯ڋYϣҶȵط֣YѾﵽ߽ڣȻ̶ȣɵ޷Ტۣͨ˵ȴǾܶ࣬ע⵽Yľϣöô۵壬ɢһɶصͣŋY塣
Yϵ壬Ӧһ˲õı뵽ҶҪҶԾʱYԥؽó˼֡
Yʲô𣿡Ҷʵ
̧ͷҶҶYһһַǳֵĸоҶմһɢŵȻƽ͵ʣһֶصֱ
ȥҶYȾһĨ糺죬


38 Ҷʵ
ҶĻվҶļϣҶYЦȻƵر˱졣
ҶҶYһһţһ߳ȥ
Ҷ磬ʮ˱ˣҪȥ𣿡ҶY̧ͷһҶд˵ǡ
šҶͷʱ䣬ŷֺʮ˱ˡ
ҶɲԲȥҶYͷ
һҪȥġҶᶨصһЦҶYԴİɣҲµġ
ҶҪȥĻɲԴңѾ߽ˣϺȵġҶYϣؿҶ
ȥҸסҶȥƼұ϶ܴϋYֻǿŋYֲֻܾ̾ѵ׵ϣΪ֪׿϶ËYȥġ
Ҷ峤ˣֻҪҶͬ⣬YͿȥԲԣҶYȻ뵽ʲô
峤ҶŷԼ磬ǰ죬ѾҶѾ峤ˣҶûӦϵת䡣
ҶЦһ£Ȼ峤飬ҸױȽϺá
ŶҶYȻ֪սǾԲȥġ
˵䣬ҶҶYһ𣬴ǰĹ㳡
峤
峤Ҷ֮һǷ׷׹࣬ص
էȻһôУҶоڣЦſһԵċYֻY͵Ц¶ǳǳľѣ۵ÿˮ
ҶǸܵһǶ𾴣иǶһθС
峤һҶҲͣص
ҶɣԺǽҶɡҶҶɵ
УǳǽģǼĹأܸġҶСһص
ҶɵĻشҶҲˡ
˵ĿУ峤һǳʥĴڣ쵼ǿ棬ȥ峤縸޹غ䣡
׺幫ôͽ峤֮λиҲҪ˼
һ𣬽˼֮ʮˣ׺幫ڴףҶ˲֪֮ʵı仯׾Žֻһˣһֱͣڰ˽ڵĶҶսҲ˰˽۷壬Ҷսۺսֱĳ˰˽ףŽ˽ף
˾Ž׺Ͱ˽֮⣬߽׵Ҳʮˣ׵ʮһˡ
ҶλֳҶҶڣҶĸο
Դ׵۾֮Ҷұʵ࣡
Ҷܲ죬Լһ߽׶ģȻ˶̵ʱڣ˵ʵԼĸо棬ⶫȻ
ˡҶսһһ˲һǵʵ¶ϲɫ̶죬ҶұʵȻ֮죬ĸ˷ܡ
ף幫塭ҶһڳǴк
峤Եࡣ
ƺҶЦ
ܻе㲻ϰߡҶս쿴Ҷ飬Цһ£֮УΪףȻѾҶұ峤ΪıΪı棬мǲи
ҶܣкϣкȻӿһ˵Уɫף
Ҷ΢ЦŰ˰֣ʾҶսͣ¶ҶѵˣЩصĻˣղ㸸׿Уһһֵܵʵֵˡ
ҶսɫԻͰصҲ˰ɣû
òø߸ףԼѾ߽׶ˣ˵һڳǿ»һҶڳҪҪ˵Ӧһ
һֵܣҶɡҶȵȣܶ඼ѽף磬ҲסҶսЦеصҶλֳҶҶ츳ôڣʮǰûܽף׵۾֮Ȼнչˣϲѡ
ϲ硣ҶһԵҶҶǺһЦ
ҶҶԶмؿһҶûҶǵ϶ôĽչ
ҪˡҶս쿴Ҷ
磬УɡҶսһЦЦ
šҶս˵ͷҶУ㣡
Ҷսߵм䣬˵ȶվԾԶλãǵĿԶҶһ˵ϣ֪ҶʵôˣҲĴڴҶǼ峤ҶսλҶҾͽҶ쵼ǻǺϣ֪Ҷû㹻ʵ츳ܷʤ峤λã
һ塢ֵĿע֮£ҶҲо˺ܴѹеظܵ˼ͷ֮ء
ҶսɢһϵƣԨsһ㣬վڴ룬ȫһ㵭˽֮ϲͣת̧ͷҶɣһܴһƿóǿѾﵽʲô̶ˡһǿѹǰѹ˹ȥ
˽ڸǿƣһڼСǣ׷˵ԶһЩ
Ҷս졢ҶĿ⣬ĿתؿҶҶ֮£Ȼ磬ԶһЦ
ʵӦܸ׶ĽһˡҶ°͵İ룬΢΢һЦ
绹һֱĳԳ츳ǣĽȾԲӵܲġҶսҶս졣
ҶսԵ÷ǳӣǺЦ
Ҷתڵѹȣ۵ơ
ͻȻ֮䣬Ҷɢһֶصµζ·ΧһΪһ壬Χڵڱĳֶصǣ
סҶɳҶսһۣԿ˶ԷкȻɫ
˽׾Ž׵ĸ֣ȻǣʵеŹ֣ǿԸܳҶǿѾֹˣ


39 
壬ҪˡҶ̧ͷҶսۣһ⣬ǰһ
Ҷս˾ŷֵʵΪҶĿǰֻڣͨ˸ΪҲֻ൱׶壬԰˽ڵʵҶ̫棬Ҷ͸µϢɫ
ҶҶսһҶս۾ȻظоҶѹȣкȻһ˽ڸ֣Ȼܵڵѹȣôܵ飿
ĪǳѾԸҿˣҶսԸٶȣתڵѸĻʵ˼֡
Ҷھǿתȫڸոĵ֮һУȫֹȥҶսһҶս۸ܵ˸ѹǿ羪κһ㣬ӿҶսȻڸ̫ܵѹظоҶҪǿ󼸷֣
ôܣҶս¶֮ɫ
ƣҶһƺ򵥵һбƣҶʩչȴһ㡣
Ҷս۵ͺһҲһƺҶһƣصһը죬׹ˣԱһСǶᣬҶҶսˣҲǸܵһ̺ǿ
Ҷս۰һ֮Ϣ˼Ҷȴֻеӡ
Ҷս۾ȻҶĶ֣
ôܣǰһĻ˶˴״̬ҶҶսҲ㶵İ춼ûӦҪ֪ҶսѾǰ˽ˣΪȻҪѷɫڳĪǳʵѾﵽ˰˽ڣ˽ڣʮ꣬ʻǶ߲ͣǵһһģҶұжûгֹľˣ
˴ʧɫղҶҶս۽ֵʱһС˿֮Ȼо沿ǿε̧ۣͷ㿴Ҷս۾Ȼˣ𾪵ؿһҶǵĿУǴ˶ٵ꣬Ӱ˲øߴ֮ǰһԶԶسݺӡ
Ҷսû뵽ԼþȫȻҶĶ֣ЦѾǳĶˡҶս磬֪ʵԼУɡȻЩգҶս۵˷ܡ
Ҷս۵ĻҶգղʤģȫ֮ǰԼĵ֮һУڵ˶״̬׼һԼʵ׵ʲô̶ȣһʱûס
Ҷܿջʱƽ˾
շٶȣȻ֮죬һսֱж˾κˡ
Ҷս۵ĻҶһС˵һ·׷ۿˡ
ҶڵʵѾܹ忹ô
û˵ҶҪǿϼ֣
ҶٶȺÿ찡ָŶðȻѾ˽ˣ󡣡
ҶYڽ֮оؿҶһЦţҶ磬һһС
ҶսʾǰƬ̱㾲һ϶ü
Ĳԣ͵ɡҶսҶǸһľϲ
ʮ꣬˽ڣľţҶҽʷϣǷǳģֿҲǶһ޶ţ
ĲԽԲ⴫˵κιڳϢҶĿɨӴһˣ֣صص
Ƿ׷ӦǣǵϣȻ˷֮ɫҶʲôʱܽʮףҶܹһʮǿߣͲηƼұвˣҲ¶ֿˡ
ɢ˰ɣȥ֮ҲҪڼ
ҶĻһ˵Ŀ⣬Ҷ϶һȺСţ½˼
֮ǰҶս콫ҶߪΪ峤ʱлмͻɣڣеȴɢˣڶ쳣ᶨţܿأҶԻ͡ҫܿĿǰȫ޷ġ
ֻʣҶҶս졢ҶҶļ塣
Ҷս쿴ҶҶĿǰΪѾˣΪһϣҲͲٶҶˣҶʵҶұδԿƼұֶ˼ս
ʲôʱ˽׵ģҶս˷׷ʵ
Ҷҡҡͷһûн˽ףĿǰֻ߽׶塣
ɫеŹ֣Ҷ׶ʱܹսʤ׵ģѾֵˣ߽֮ʱ޷˽ײĲһǰ㣬Ҷ߽׶֮ʱȻԸ˽ڵĿ⣬ֱ顣
޷óȵġ
һ죬Ҷﵽһ޷ĸ߶ȣ
ǸצҺ㼸λ岮ֹ̽ˣҪ似ǿʵҶսãʱĿģ˵
צѾɹˡҶһ£ȻλѾ֪ʵûҪˡ
ҶĻͷһ֮ǰԪ֮壬ȻˣצԪ֮ѶҪһЩʱȥô죬ҶצɹҲһзҶϣȻˣҪǽצ׵۾֧ţõҲǺġ
壬ղҷ֣似Ҳһͨͨ似ˣΪʲôɳʩչȴһְĸоҶսüҶڳУҶʶΪ㲩ܽеɻ
ĪǴ˵е⣿Ҷ鶯ݣϼ˫΢΢Щ
⣿Ҷսһ£֪ʲô⡣
˵ʮϵ۷ǿߣԼ⣬Լר˭ֻҪžһǧʮ֮𼶵ż飬ĪҶҪһǿ𣿡ҶһƽˣͣȥȻԽԽҶսٳûнŽףһΪ֮ҶҴӴ˻û䣬û뵽龹תʵһжϡ
ҶսȻ֪⵽ʲôҶôһ˵ʶӦϷͬСɵĶֻ⣬ܽ𼶣ҶսؿһҶһ˵Ժͼ
˿Ҷ񶼲һˣд˹ʶҶұҪˣҶˡ
ǺʱģҶһʵ
⣿ҲҶһ£ĪԼոľ磿
⣬ָ磬һڻʹ˵ߣ⣬ͻͽ۹˿ڣܹģֻ˶ѣۣһĸ֣ģǱʲôҶҶֲԽһҶдӣҶҵĴң


40 
ԭָ磡ҶȻԭһ˵˼һµ򵽵ģǵ
˽Զһ㶡
ԣ˵ǵÿ˶벻յ趨Ĺ켣深֮䣬ӰΣȴÿһˡҶһ˵ǳֱһЩ⡮֮򣬳˵ֻƬ޷˵аοҶҲֻƤë
ҶΪҶҶҲһãȻ
۵Ǳ⻹öһЩҶĵʲôôܻҶ˵ģ˵
ᱲ֮ˣ޷ˡҶЦҶ˵֮
磬ûκ֪֮һ﾿ν⡣
۵ıҲһֵ±ս֮Ҷ˲ĵؽ͡
Ҷڣ˶Ҷͻãһ;͸ˣǸ޷ˣҲһֵ֮
Ҷ˶еΣʮŽףʮһ۹һˣ˵ʱ⣬һ;һǧʮȥˣڸѾﵽһľ磬۹һȻ˵۵⣬֮
ѵҶĵǱȱĶ
ǺǷѽ⣬Ҷôһ˵ֺȷһ㡣
Ҷ˰죬Ȼ⣬ֻʶȤرˣ֪٣ҪҵһܹԼ۵ɵˣʵ̫ˡ
Ķ޷⣬׷Լ⣬һҪǿҵźԺһڳҲû취ָˣȫԼˡҶղ˼Ҷ˵ЩͷըˣڻЩκġ
Ҷ˵Ҳǲࡣ
⣬վһֵҵĺ¡ҶսкգףҲ̫ûˣϣȻӵʮ֮һûУȻô룬ȴԺ
ǻ˵һ˵ʮ˱ɡҶζԸƼұһüޡ
ԲȥƼұҶս˷׷׵ҶұϣԲðա
幫ףȥƼұҶ嶼ԼȥƼұʱˡ
ҶһҶȥҲδɣʵѾ൱ڰ˽ڣּ⣬ԱȻû⡣
壬Ƽұ̶Ѩѣ롣Ҷս
Ҷ΢Цҡҡͷ˵ȥƼұȥ̶ѨҵôΪƼұҶұˣΪʲôôס׼ʮ˱һ£ʵǴҪģҩҪڶֿռӣλ֮󣬲ֿҲĳӹڱڼ䣬ƼұȻΡԱڼǰȫģһƣڱ֮ǰĵػҶұƼұ֮벻Զ־ˣԴ˴ȥƼұˣһҪ٣
Ҷôһ˵˽Զ˼
Ѿ뷨ǿҶҶ⡣
óһȥɣҶұҪƼұ͵Ϯ
ֻȥһ㶡
Ҵȥһƣҩ𲻹ɺǰ嶼ὫԼ츳Ϊ׿ȥ֮Ӵһ˵дԵһҪȥģԽԽȫȥ˷׸Ҫ֮ʱ;ӦͿˡҶ
Ҷս룬ѾǾŽڵʵ൱൱ڰ˽ڵʵ򲻹ûģҶﻹӡ
ðɣǾģ
Ҷ幫˵ԼȥƼұΪ˷ܡ
ȥƼұ֮һҪСĽмǲܷâ̫¶Ҷս쿴Ҷص
ǣסҶϽɫӦ
ˣȥɡҶսڰֵ
ҶŲһ·뿪˼
ҶıӰ¶΢Ц
ҶԶҶսæҶʵ壬ʲôνͣҰ˼⣬һ㶼ĥ͸
ҲʲôҶЦ㻹ȥһɣ˵Ϲּء
ҷô䣬ûйڵҲ֪ǴʲôطġҶս
ţǳ޷ģ·ԷԿᡣ
ղų˵ʲôʱҾһ䶼ӲԺ󣬳˵ֻһԸɵۣ׵ǺûӣҶսƵص
ˣҲĪҶʧЦ츳׿ɳˣҶսҪڳǰάϵĸԺҪǳˡ
Ҷսֵӣ˹Ц
ҪȥƼұμӱˣһҪһЩ׼УҶ˼֮ȥҶİԶ彫õȫ˹ԭʣµһöܹöʱİԶӦû൱ĵġ
ⶫ̫٣ʹòΣգһй¶ȥ鷳ʺʹãҶԼʹõʱҲҪСġ
صԼסҶöȫ˻ҩȻŽǬڹؼʱЩӦûõϵġ


41 Ʒ
Ҷһµǰľ磬ȻǬһ˳Ǭķûʲôã似ȴ൱ٶƷ似ҶҪġ
ֻȽףҪȽתΪս͵ÿ似ˡ
ѧϰ˾쳽Ϳκһ似
ǬҶĿɿɨһ֡
ǬһʽƷ죡
Ʒ³似
Ҷұ似ҲֻƷϳ˶ѣҶѧƷ似ЩѧԨԴĴӵܣ֮ͬڻԺɨ
ҶоǬӦǻ˻ϵͽϵĹһʽƷһ˿ϵζ
Ʒ似ԱƷ似»ɬö࣬Ҷһ߿һ˼
߽似Ϊ磬СɡСͨСԲɡͨԲǬʽһʽƷ졢ڶʽŭɽӡʽضʽաʽŭϡʽ񷣬һʽһʽ󣬵ȻҲһʽһʽÿ似໥һʽɾϲһʽʽȫɣܻһʽǿս
ҶԣһʽƷֲرѣҪϣȴ÷һۡ
ֻƬ̣Ҷ㽫ƷһʽĿھȫĬģȻ˼Ժ֮
ת쳽е׻ȫðȵˣŭһƷ죡
ȼյĻһ㣬ӰһԲ֮ڣһ˿һ㣬ϳƬݣǱɣ
һʩչƷ似ȻܴﵽСɾ磬ƾ󲿷ֹĿࡣ
Ʒ似ѶȣƷ似ֹһ߾㻨ʱ䣬ҲǲŶ롣Ҷֻǿ˿֮󣬾Ͱ似ʩչˣ
̫Сˣľ磬̫ࡣҶһüͷʩչƷ죬Ȼͣ׽ˣתָһ£ȻС
ҶȫУеӣҶԱһ㣬ֻܶ㵽ȥˡ
֪˶ãÿÿһ˿ҶһЦɫôһ˿΢⣬Щңȫ˳Է
ˣ
Ҷ֣תȥţһ̧ͷһεӰҶ诡
Ҷãôˣ
׺һڳǼٳûеóԷҰѷ˹Ҷ诵ͷᡣ
˰ɡҶע⵽Ҷϻŷˣһ˿ů⡣
ɡҶæҰŵϡ
ҲУ似ոᣬһᡣҶ΢΢һЦȻҶƽʱ̫˵ºǺϲġһˣҶҲͲˡ
Ҷ߽ԺӣԺľ󣬴һԺĿյϾǱһ㣬һƬࡣ
ЩҡҶһ죬εЦЦЩۼǳƷŰ֮µġ
ҶһЦû˵ʲô߽Ҷķ䣬˷ϡ
ҶƷ죬ԽԽ࣬ƷҲԽԽ󣬺ܿ㵽Сͨ磬ȥƼұ֮ǰܽƷСԲ硣似ѶȱȳƷҪߣҪȰѳƷɲܿʼûʱˡ
һᣬҶ说ӷվһߣҶ
ʱֹȥСʱңҶչҶվ
Ҷ磬˿ˣ԰ɡ
šҶЦӦһ
ȻȥˣȻٹʰҶһµ
õġҶͷҶıӰͻȻҶ诡
Ҷ磬ʲô𣿡ҶתͷҶ
İɣҲ޵ƼұȥģԺ۸㣬Ҷ磬ҶͷҶ¶ˬʵЦݵҶίһҲǱãλǶǷǳģ׷ȢҶ诣ֱ⡣
Ҷ诽Ų˶٣صص˵ͷۿ΢졣
ҶԶҶ߽Լķ䣬ϵķ˶һ˿̵ĸоϷõֽƬ֮ʰˣԭ߰ĸ鼮Եøɾˬ
ҶݸһЦҶƽʱô˵ȻǼе֮ŮһӶûУºڼ֮кܻˣԸ񣬵滹浣۸
ҴҵسԹҶ˴ŰСʱ֮Ҷ诹֮Ķˡ
ڶһ죬ҶԺƷ죬һһʩչ˶Ǳ͹ģҪô诶ҪôǋY
Ҷ͋Y֮䣬м˵㺣ȻһֱыYãҶ֪㺸֮ǲһģ诶֮䣬ѪŨˮǾǴ֮ˡ
һֱٽʱҶڽƷСԲ磬ѾܽƷӳˣȻֻɣƷ似൱˵ġ
֮ǰһ㣬ڿյվת׻Ҷĳ״̬֮У˫΢һȭһƷ죡
ڶ˷ΧԲ֮ڣͷ·һƬ֮УϱյһƬ
ԶԶؿ㷢ִ˿ҶܵˣߵĻһ㡣
Ӱأÿһ֮У̺ǿ֮ÿһƵצҪǿ
ȻֻСԲ磬һ˽ڵĸ֣ǽӲҶһǳƷ죡


42 
糿̫ɽͷһսҶұҶұںܶ˶ѾҶİԶҲˣĴլ֮䴫
䳡ϣһڷܵ似

ȭХ˷ס
µһֿʼˡ
ҶҶ䳡Ա߾ֻһǶʱȻԵ֮УҶҵǣǳҶҶ߿˹һɫĬĬ
߰ɡҶһҶͷһԱߵҶսˣЦһİɣƴҲѳͻġ
ע⣬ʲôһҪѯ幫ϣҶսһԶܹЩġ
סҶȻ䶼ˣǵͷӦţ֪ǹ
ҶԱߵҶYȥ
ҶYһίӣλˣгһ¶ͬһȥ
ҶЦҶYԴİɣһƽġ
ҶСġҶҲһԳ
šҶҶ΢΢һЦҶһ𣬳Ҷұȥ
һ·ţںԽԽ࣬ٳٲȥһֱҶұ棬һЩһ۽Ǻᡣ
峤һ·˳硣
峤飬Ϊ峤ӷϴ
峤һ·ƽ
Ƿ׷׵ҶԸоǵȭȭ֮ģͷҶұͬļһ㣬ÿһ˶ļˣ
;ǧһҺͳҪˣذɡҶ˱ȭ
Ҷ˻˻֣һ·ȥһȻվҶұſңңþòȥ
һֱɽͷȥҶұѾˡ
Ҷұɽ·˵ƼұߣҪƫƧһЩС·Ҷ൱ģϾҶڳδ
ҶұƼұȻֻжʮƫƧС··Զֹɽ·ҪСʱ·
һֱضҶļϣһԾ۾Ĵš
꣬㷢ʲôõģûµġҶŰĺ󱳰һ£ЩǸһЩӰһɽڲЩˡ
ҶĻţ֨֨ؽл
Ҷ˿ҶСèҶֻСèԣȻмֺֻСèҲûֻһֻ׵ޣûе⣬ûʲôΣԣֻ΢ϡһЩްˡ
ɽ͵֣ïܣʱΣĻУƼұҲδҳοҶҶǰ˽ϵĸ֡
ʱ󣬴һƬֵĵشּķ϶ԶԶԿɽϵƼұƼұΰ׳ۣռؼ㣬Ҷұ죬ôǶɽ֮䡣
ƺһЩOO@@ĶҶظоİһë
ҶһüͷĪǰ귢ʲôޣ
幫ϢһɡҶ
õġҶ˵ͷ쵽ƼұˣûҪһʱ
ովҶͷ˳ȥһֱ쵽ǳԶĵطĴȻڹľ֮зֻǣǱţĵ۾̹⡣ֻҶ֮ǰһ߽׵ģһֻҪ׳ϼ֣ëͨѪ죬Ȼ̽ʲôģϾȻһ˿Ĳ
ֻСèȻһʲôʵֻѪɫǾȻԣһ۲ҶЩľ
޾Ȼ˵
Ҷ֣ʱֻɫǺƷʲôͺһ˭
ֻɫǾȻҲͷųĶҶ׷
ҶһüͷԷȻҲĶԱԼҪö࣬ǿҵ꣬һ᳤ıʿҶͷ֮УȻֻӰҶָǸӰ賤ɫǵȥ
֪ǺɫǵʵôҶ׼һ
ֻɫҪǰ߼Ļһ޴ӰԼǸʿ᳤Ȼëһս顣
ȻΣȥϴСèһεһǷͷܣǺɫԵ÷ǳſ־壬βͲֻ̿񱼣ͷҲͬķ񱼶ȥ
ǺɫǸоһŵȷûע⵽ǰ·صһײһôϣʵʹһĵܵˡ
ͷǶˣоΧûΣգŷҶĻһ˿̤ʵĸо
ΣʲôҶЩѽ⣬ͷɫǺԼϳʲôˣŵòᡣ
˵ЩʲôҶɻؿҶʵ
ûʲôҶæҡͷһ£Ҷʵ幫ʲô
Ҷ⣬ҶؿҶһۣô⣬ڼ伮濴İɣҶһҶİ꣬ҲЩɣ㻳ֻèޣһֻޣ޷ǳͨľ޺еɽ棬Ҵ˽̫ˡ


43 Īϱ
һֻޣҶƤȩ̈ͷҶɻʵ޺֮ʲô𣿡
ô˵ɣ˵Ϲࡢ޺ޣ޵ӵǿ壬˽ϱʮ֮ǿǿޱȣͨɽ֮Уǿ棬ʱʳ࣬ޣ֮޵ǻǵĻǳǿ󣬿׶Ըʮ֮ڵޣޣһֻǿޣкܶ޻޾࣬Ϊ֮ǷǳǿΪǿߣͬԸһ׵ޣ޵Ŀǣͨɽ֮Уֻѧ˻εޣŻߡҶ
ҶĸоȣԭһֶڣҶĻԺ￪һ硣
޿޻ɲҶʵ뵽Լꡣ
޷ģǰһЩǿ߻˻֮֮һ⣬ȫӴ֮ٸˡҶҡҡͷ
޷ҵ꣬ôһ£ҶЩɻɫʱ˵ЩȻʧЦĪһֻ޲ɣ룬Ǿ쳽ԭɣԼܹһ£ǲ˵Ϊãñ˵ɹ
ܹٿޣҶͻȻʵע⵽Ҷղ˵˻޿ץ
伮˵޶ûٿ޵ģΪ޵ĻǳС޵Ļѹƣ޿׵޵ĻǻɢǶͬ׵ޡҶȻҶΪʲôЩ⣬һһĽҶѾҶҼЩ֪һЩҲǺõġ
ŶҶ˵ͷһ˿֪ҵ꣬ܲܿޣǺɫǱŵǱӣɼҵ꣬ӦҲһַǳǿĻ
ھܲܿޣֻһһˣ֮ǰȻʹԸ߽ǣûѹǣ
ʲôҶʵղǺɫᵽһʡ
ΣʲôҶؿһҶʵм𣿡
Ŷֻһ˵Ҷæҡͷ幫Ҳ֪ʲôΣʵʲôкĴ𣿡
Ҷ㶣ҶҲ֪￴Щģ޸һҲһʮףʮ֮Ҳδ˵ǷǳǿĴڰɡ
幫֪ҶЩʧ𰸣ҪԼȥѰˡ
˿İ꣬峺ؿԼУһ˿ǸΡ
ҶԴһЦİɣ޻ޣʲô鷳Ҷᱣġ
֮󣬵ͷ۾֮һžӨδ۽Ȼ䣬֪Ϊʲôرů
ԭϢʱҶһ¸ΧûǳûЩǱŵòˡ
ʱˣ߰ɡҶɽϿȥƼұ֪ʮûУʮ˱֮⣬Ӧûжֿǰġ
šҶӦҶĺ棬Ӱȥ
ƼұĳǽҶұҪֺö࣬ʴǽʵĵ¥濴ȥ۵Ľǹ㳡󷽵ĴݶͿһᣬ̻Ի͡
ƼұҶұˡҶЩȻʵص
Ƽұ鲼ֿ붫ֿãʱ¢ֿսݡ
幫ҶұƼұġҶ֣صص̧ͷǰƼұ䣬ƼұˣҾһ죬һὫǺݺݵزڽ£
ҶĻҶɫһҲǣҶұҶţ׵۾ķһ죬ҶұᳬԽƼұΪƼұԶ޷󼰵ĳ壡
Ҷұٴˣ汲Ҫʵֵ룡Ҷ֮꣬ܿõ
Ҷұ֮һҪСע⣬мǲɷâ̫¶ҶҶҶҶҵϣ
ţ幫סҶͷ
һ˳ɽеʯףһ·ϣΧҶԸоЩ˵߽װ˽׵ĸռ˾һЩŽ׵ĸ֡
Ҷ峤һᣡһ߱ȭĽýϲӡ
Ī峤ҶȭЦЦһҶĪүүĪүүĪұ峤
ĪүүáҶǸ߾һţӦ幫ľɽɡ
ܺãҶսĶӰɣû뵽겻ôˡĪ縧ЦЦҲҵӹĪҶүү
ǸĪҲʮͣһҶ䵭мְӣҲ˳ĪĻҶкҶүүá
ĪЦЦϴμ滹ʮǰǶˡ
ǰ´ϡҶҲип
˵ιģҩĴڼʦ֪ĪܴܲﵽҩʦҪ󡣡Ī翴ԱߵĪһΣܱʦΪӣĪ֮޺ˡ
Īұһھ޻ϵĪұ֮ˣҲó֮ڻϵ츳һϣӦûʲô⣬֪ΪôˣҶάЩ˴򽻵ҶԵ÷ǳԲġ
ĪΪʤϷ꣬ʮ꣬׶ˡĪĸ԰ص
ĪĪôһ˵ҲһȻ֮ɫбƳһҶ
֮ǰҶʮ׶壬ᾪĽһڣȴһоûˣһԵҶҶʮ߽꣬׶壬ʵϣҪǿ˽ڵҶսۡЩʲôţҶһȣҶϲɫάһĪ磬ȴеС⡣
֪ΪôˣĪ翴һҶԵҶ
ҶҪ˵ҶȴĪүүҲŸյס
ʮ׳ڣţҲĪ縧Ű룬ص
һҶҶʧЦСӵ׾
Ҷ˵ԼյףĪ΢΢һƲĿⲻҶ϶ˣԶȺʲô


44 ʦ
Ī˵ҶұƼұ֮ôһ˿϶ҶҲô飬һûһ˵ţһһ·˽ݣĪ뿪ȥˡ
ҶҶһЦĬһ㣬Ҳ˵ʲôֱƼұȥ
һ·˺üıϣǶ׷׸ҶкǶž롣һ棬ҶұʵѾȣԴһЩη֮ģһ棬ҶұƼұжд̣˵һƼұͶҶұսˡȻҶұʵƼұӴǰȻǲһ
ϴҶάһźܶ˶Դţ֪ʲôʱҶұͱƼұˡ
ΧӴƼұӵܿҶҶʱĿﶼһ˿⣬ڼ䣬Ʊܳκ飬ҲûΪҶˣȥˡ
ƼұڣȻɽ˺ʮ˱֮⣬иˣ֮ࡣ
ҶɨľŽ׸ʮ֮࣡
ȥᣬ˵ʦǱߣҶҶߡ
ر
˿ҶЩεӡ
Ҷ峤áϽʩԱطĪҲڡ
ǰ濴ȥҶϤӰ׷ɣ˾㻯ңҲϵãһ˿Ȼĺ⡣
ΧʮŽ׸֣߶һˣڽƵصȴʲô
᷿Žš
֪ʦʲôʱǶСʱˡ
ĵŰɡ
˵ʦҩĵͽǸ߼ҩʦ
ѹôӣ
ЩŽ׸ֵۣҶسǱ߿ȥЩ죬ʲôʦȻôӣһȺŽ׸ԹԵصţкܶ˺üСʱˣȻŽա
幫߼ҩʦ𣿡ҶҶʵѧ˵ã
ҩʦλȻ˵Упܳһʺˣгɾߣ޼ʦ˵ʮ꣬Ǹ߼ҩʦΪһ߼ҩʦΪҪﵽŽϣ޵߽ܴﵽ˸ߵĲΣ۹˿ڣҲȼ˶ѣҶп
ҩʦܸЩʲôҶɻʵ
ɱСǼ壬ܳһҩʦһ棬ͷǳˣڶֿλҲˮǴߣҪǵмҩʦ֮ĵҩʵͻҲ֪жҩʹƼұ֮͸ҶҶұˡҶص
һССмҩʦȻҲ˵λο߼ҩʦˣ
ҶһҩʦûгҶˣƺûϵ츳ҶЦĪұǰһмҩʦʮιֱĪұϼıӻĪҲҪͿġ
һмҩʦӰȻӰǰ񣬿ɼǰĪұǺεȷ⣬ⲻˣҲ˸ҶĪұҲѹĪһǿ׳ˡ
ʦģиʮʮŽ׻Ǻġ
ҶյĶţǸʦ˰Ҳʦ֮ϣʲôҩ۹λǳȻˡ
Ǳ̫ϵҶЩɻôĹ̿ʮּ򵥰¯ȽѸ㣬Ҫͭ죬ҪһϣϾҪĵǧİԶĻúķѲٹʱûһ޷ɡ
Ժ¯ԿܲҶ룬ϵ棬׻ӦùˣҪҪзǳǿĿƺҲǺѡ
ڳ֪Ҷ룬ƶҪҶˣǳΪҩʦ˼򵥣ЩҲἸ궼һҩʦˡ
ڳЩ˴ǼӵܣʦЩӵǷ츳ΪһҩʦҲԲһȻʺϾˣר׵۾ȻҲ׿ԽĳɾͣǷΪһҩʦҶЦЦ
ҶȻô˵ҶԸܵҶлһǿҵ
Ʈҡ֮˶ϣܹüȹΣҶҲˡ
˵ʱ򣬶֨ѽһˣһʮСͯ˳Ȼۣһָ䲻İȻȣθɤţʵ˭ƼұĶ
ǡæǰĵص
ʦ˵ƶǸ׷ɵ˽ɡǸСͯÿһ·
ͷСˡһϲʮֿǸСͯö
СͯɫˣɫҲ˼֣ƶɡ
׷˽ȥ
Сͯڳˣʦ˵׷ɲԣΪƼұǳаĶ˵ȶȥɣǵļӵܰŲԣͲҪˡ˵꣬صһˡ
вܶСԹš
ǶСʱˣ
ʦҲ̫ˣ
꣬Сһ㣬ˣ
ȻЩƣһεɢȥȣߺŵģʦֻԸӴƼұˣֻεüӵܵȴĲˡ


45 ţ
幫˼ҲԸǣǻǻȥɡҶؿŶĴţʦֻдƼұĪʲôɣ߼ҩʦϣƼұͨ
ҶȭͷҪƼұܻܿǣĵˣƼұȻѹҶңͱһҲƼұùģ
ҶұƼұ֮䣬ȻҪһʤ
ҶЩ΢΢һ̾߰ɡ
幫ҩʦҲûʲô˲ģ˼Ҳظеʧ䡣ҶοҶ幫飬˼ΪҶҺķһûȢӣһֻΪ룬Ȼ֪Ҷ˵ûлϵ츳ѳΪҩʦǱеϣҶұܹһҩʦȡƽ
ţǻȥɡҶͷȻЩʧ䣬Ҳû̫ġ
һȥĿͷǡסĪ˵Աߡ
Сݡ
һ̴ζ֪ʦ֮ⰲŵġһ۵ڿǰϣȻʮˣϵƤȻ红ͯһͶ֮䣬һָλߵƣŲ裬һڣ·ˡ
ʦƼұһ츳õһˣʮѾﵽ߽׶塣صǰڼЩ
ԶֿʱҲûио˴ѹǶֿһ߼ҩʦҲҪͿġ
ʮ߽׶壬Ҳ֪ϵ츳ôĿôڼص̫νˣܹΪҩʦģȴֻȼˡ
ʦһǫ
׷ҲһԹʩ
ɡڼ֡
׷ߵڼԱߣԹԵذ˳
ڼַ׷ɵϣ̽һ׷ڵƼұˮϵϵĹ˵Ǽʣ̫ʺϵӵҲر𣬾ȻһЩϵ츳
ڼĻ׷ɶһϲ
ϵ츳һһоѡһĿһҪﵽҪ졣ڲԲĿɡڼƳһۣƽص˸˵̫˵㣬뵱꣬ʮӢ֮ӱűҩΪӣҩӲƽӹ֮
ڼԱץһ̴ңȻץ̴ҾȻһ㶼ûճϣƫƫҲһ㣬ţûһƮȥһݣһֹ򣬾Ͳܹﵽˡ
ڼһţϿ磬Ϊӵͼ
׷һ㶣Ȼ˲֮ҩʦѡͽʱֻӦѡ߻ľ׮ľ׮жӦѡ֮˶Ĳٿ磬ͼδҲ̫˰ɣ
׷ЩĻƬ̣֣Ͽգֱǧһ㣬ͷ˿˿ɨң̿ŤŤػһѽ״ȴҵһͿ
С׷ڵ㱻ĵһɶڴڵشϢţʪˡ
һԿľҲ޷һѽһջǺεѵһ飬ҩѡͽı̬ԣĺ
ʦǷﵽҪ󣿡ؿڼʵ
ڼҡҡͷ׷ɶĿͨпɣҸʦŬĻ֮˵ܳΪһҩʦҪʦţȴ
׷ϲǣϲǣ׷ɵ츳ԳΪһҩʦǵǣڼʦţҩȴǴˡ
ʦܷͨһ£׷ɸһҩСͽҲá׷ɸƼұԸһݺ񡣡
ڼɫһ䣬㵱̰ǵǮƲɣҩСͽ츳ҲԶԶҩСͽҪһ԰ѿػһʧ֣һ¯ҩƼұϣҲⲻ𣡡
ڨڨһЦʦգʧʦԭ¡˵ͺˣԼͣڼһ߼ҩʦȱǮڼ˵ģƼұеǮƼҲȲ˼ҵһ¯ҩ
߰ɡڼ˰֣Ȼ
ʦԶ;Ͷ٣밲Ϣ׷ʹ˸ɫ˸Ͻ˳ȥ
˶ţһڼĪѹ
ڼҲ̫Ϊˡ׷ɲصΧЩ棬ѾһָˣڼȻ˵һҩСͯʸǰˡ
עԴǡһһ׷ɣôһ仰Ҫ䵽ڼĶԸƼұ֪֮𣿡
ڼͨ
ĪһҪƭ㲻ɣһ׷ɡ
׷ɼŭϽڲԡ


46 ͵
Ҷס᷿ҶڣСĿûдɨһƬ㣬ϸ˯ˣ
϶Ƽұ˹ôŵģҪ׽Ūǣ
£òͷϿԴ㲻˯ҲûʲôҴ㹻ĸ
֨֨ЩŭӣվϣϱճһĻң
Ҳ˲ù˺Ļҳ
Ҷһ°ƼұҶҵУǿ϶ǹ鷳ģˣԺ㣡
Ƶӣ֨֨ؽ˼˵Щʲôܿأȥವһ˳ȥ
꣬ҪȥʲôҶȵʵ̫ܵˣһһֻͷų꣬׷ٰλá
ɿشΪȥΣƼұûһ˿õ
Ҷ꣬һ·׷ڰЩƣ굽ôˣ
Ҳ֪ܳȥԶ̫ܵˣʧҶܹ׷ٵķΧ
ҶЩ幫ԼǧƼұߣ鷳ĴѰң˴Ƽұ˴һӣͻȻ֪һϤϢ
ǰ꣡
ҶЩϲֻһ·۵糸ֽܿ˷䡣
꣬ȥˣԺҪ֪𣡡ҶЩغǳ
ˮ۾Ҷһ˵ĳ
ˣû˼Ű۾ҶЩˣȻְһǬɻʵǬǴŪģ
СצӰǸǬƸҶ
ҶɻذǬǬĿռ仹൱ģһһƿ󲿷ִƿ涼һööһ£ǧö֮࣬ʮöö
Ҷľѣô൤ҩǴģɻַǬĵײóһŹֵľС
ǼҶǵȻӳҶ
Ҷһ꣬¶˹Źֵı飺꣬òϴƼұıɣƼұĵҩ似ȫˣ
˻Сצӣһı飬β˦˦
ǰƼұǰƷмΪȥƼұĲرϴˣ
˿Ƽұܹ似ߵҲƷϳˣǬϵ似õö࣬Ȼ׵۾ֲԶˣҶ룬⼸似幫δɣھʲôģҶҲòϣȥָǰɡƼұҶұǮˣҲ֪Ǵѹεġ
ЩҶû̫ĿһŹֵľϣľҲ֪ʲôľɵģľеıԵһѻƽ̻һЩŹֵͼʮֹӡ
֪װʲôһǬǬûԿףֻƻľˣתڵͺһƣ
أ͸ľϣľоȻ˿
˹ˣľгôȻѺ۶ûУҶЩɻ󣬰˵ת֮󣬾ϱ֮ľҲһƻϣȻ򲻿һľУ
ľеĲЩ⣡
ҶĿǰѽϣֻܴӽˣҶת̽ȥϸŽĹ죬ǽι̵ĳ̶ȣЩҶڲ
Ƽұⶫôι̵ľСĶȻ
ҶʱǽͻȻţһǿεסҶ֡
ãҶʧɫû뵽ȻػأҶоڵţǽˡ
ЩңҲǵǵ֨֨лһ
ۿŵҪһɶǼȥܻ˼Ҳ⵽ش
Ȼ뵽ʲôҶһȻҪǾ
ҶתԺеķɵֻԺкһӿȵк£ͣع֮С
ͣԽԽ࣬൱һŽڸֵʳٶڻһᣬֻһǽǵˡ
˽ҶŴڵشϢһ£廹൱µģΪ̽Žڵĸ˵ͻϣ
תָһ£ŰѽõľС
һԵİҲɴ۾ľ棬ʲô
ľĿռ䲢󣬾طһƾɵͼֽ˵ⶫĲƲǲֽֽ滭һ·徭һŵͼһ˿ľ̶ȣҶڷɵͷų١
ǲرͼĹҶЩɻؿͼֽͼֽ꣬ʵ֪֪꣬ʲô
ãȻҡҡͷ
Ҳ֪ҶֱʶͬСɣӿܸܳ
Ȼ֪ʲôպðɡҶţͼֽ·Żľ棬ȻŽԼǬǴƼұŪģҶҲղˡ


47 ŭ
ƼұıϴһҶûһ֮ģ˷ܲѣʲôʱȥѶֿҲϴһǿǴġ
Ƽұûжֿ޼ɵضԸҶұҶֿø׳ô裬ҲҪģҪȴƼұ
ƼұǾŽڵĸ֣Ž׳ڣ⻹˽ף֮⣬ҶĿǰʵ̫΢ˡ
ŻῪʼҶһֱڷ쳽
ҶǱ֮ʱƼұԺȴַ졣
ȷҷû˽Ȼŭ컯գڷ䰵֮ڵĵҩԼ幦似ȵȣȻȫˣܲջ
ҩ˵С£幦ˣǳأȻҲ幦⣬ƼұԣһĪĴ
ľĶǼǧ괫ģҲҸǣԼѶŪˣ
ʮ׸֣ܽľƿľеĽҲ壬ûԿ޷򿪵ģ͵д壬˵ܰѶһ
ʢŭеһڻսսǲ֪׶ʲôôĻ
ȷûκ˽ķ䡣һСص
һȺһǸϣصһǸķ˳ȥɱˣ
ڻ
ʮ˱ᣬƼұĸֺܶ࣬˵ǸɵġŭһԵ
ôĪҪÿһ˶ѹȥɡŭǰʮ˱ˣܶ඼ͷĴһһѹȥͰоŽ׸ֶˣЩ֪Ƽұ춪˶Ƽұˡ
ֻ˽ˣ͵˶ģӦûû뿪Ƽұǵһοʢŭ
ȥ飬ţ˽Ҫ̲飡ͻȻ뵽ʲôܹڴô໤߽͵ߣҲǾŽ׵ĸ֣עЩ֣Ųǣֻò
͵ôණǾȻһ㶼֪Ҫ֪Ļм߽׵ĸ֣ҲδҷأȻһ㶼ûдǸһʵ˲²ˡ
е벻ͨȻʵôǿôƼұ㶫أĪƼұ޵УѵҶӦòǣҶ£
ҲƼұԽһĪĴһһϣӶʱķѡôһҪѶһ
Ƽұǿ˽䱸˴ʼ鶪ʧƷ䣬Ž׸ֳΪصõĶҶҶȴǵһʱ䱻ųˣΪ磬˶û߳ţĪסһԣ֤û˿߳䡣
ҶһֱԼķ֪ҳһࡣ
תڵǾŸţڵֵ֮ķʽתţһ¸ĸоÿתһڣҶظоԼڵ֮ǰ׳˼֡
ٶȣԼĿ߽࣬׶ıϣǰˡ
˽ףҶԼҲԱ֮
Ƽұ֮дΣһСıпܱƼұ˰ɥҶеҪԼʵ
Ǳˣʮ˱ÿͻٰһΣҩѡͽһ֪ʲô½Ŀ幫̫Ҷ˵Ҫѵ׷ɵģôʳԣ
ר쿴˵
䣬Ƽұһξۻᣬʮ˱ˣȥμƼұľۻˣҶҶҶףڿǣҲڷﲻͣҶұҪΧ˭סؼҪԼʵ
һʱȥˣڶ죬컹ƼұС
Ҷ幫һԹһǰƼұ䳡
Ƽұ䳡ҶұҪֹ̨Χۼǧˣûһӵĸо̨ǰڷһЩλǵעĿУ౤һھŽ׸ַ׷Ҷλãĩλ
ƼұǴҶұΪѣҶЩŭ
׵м㲵ӣƼұʧԣڵһ϶˯ţ뵽˭͵˶ɵԼˣĻǶһ顣
ҶҶһۣЦһʮ˱ҶұǱˣҶȻǾŽڣȻƼұͱŻȥò˶ãҶұҲᱻݣǳһĸ󻼣΢ùһЩ
һᣬһ۵˲ĳȵ˿̨ϵһֲŭƣڼ
ڼ֣˷׷Ҿ
ʦ
ʦá
ڼЦЦȻ
ҶĿڼϣڼĿ˵ѾʮˣȴʮģϹźЦݣ鿴һʵǾŽڵģʵ幫Ҫǿϼ֡
˵һ߼ҩʦϵ֮ģֻһˣȴǴһǿ֮Իʮ˱ҲѹЩŽ׸Ƕڼ˾η


48 
ڼƸоҶĿ⣬Ҷ߿˹Ҷͨûʲôǲ֪ΪʲôڼãҶһֶصϢע⡣
ҶĿ⣬ǰη
Ǹ˭ڼһԵʵ
Ա΢΢һ㶣⿴̨ϣÿŽ׸ֵĺ涼վһǼĽܳӵܣǰЩӵܴҪЩӵڼǰչһ˵ᱻʦУû뵽ڼҶ
ĿҶϣЩɻҶʲôڼע⣿
ʦǸҶұ峤ҶսĶӣҶǫ͵صȻҶұĶԹޣڼǰΡ
ĿǰʲôΪڼͻȻʶԼΪʲôע⵽ҶΪһ߼ҩʦԻϵرУоҶϵ
׳ڡе㲻ͷڼΪʲô׷ҶұˣôƼұĽܳӵڼȴһۡ
Ҷǻϵ𣿡ڼʵ
ǣϵһüͷڼʲô˼ʲô
ŶڼÿɷӦһ
Ҷ꣬ڼĵĻ⣬Щ죬ڼȻע⵽ȺеԼʵЩ⵽ʲô˼
Ҷİ涯һ£ҶϽģص꣬ҪҶ
ʱ쵽ˡԱмƼұһѵ
˿죬վȭΧ˵⣬ʮ˱һȵıʢᣬлλԼֿ峤ǰ񣬽뵽ҩĴʦԽⳡ䣬겻ͬʮ˱һ֮⣬ҲԲμӱ䣬ͬʱһݣߴﵽʦҪ󣬽ҿԼҩ£
Ļ˵һըˣȻ֪ҩҪѡͽϢû뵽ȻֱӼ˲ݡ
ʮ˱Ҳܲμӣ
֪һʲô
۷׷ס
˷ӦңڼЦЦվμʢᣬܹлʶֿλſĳңԸҩµſڱ䳡ϾչŻͬʱҲΪ׼һЩΪĲͷǱ䣬ǵڶĲԣʤ߶лõһöҩƵĵ֪⽱λԣǷ㹻أ
ڼǰֻ渵ڳȻ֣ȴһһš
ҩƵģ
˸о඼ĳˣһЩҩߵΪͨľȵȣһЩĳһϵΪĵҩȵȡûȶʮһһٶöҩĩȥƶɣһöƷҩһֻڵĸЧʮ֮ڸֵǴ棡
һöͨǻҲǧƣɾǸǲˣܻЩҲδؿϻοҩƵģ
幫ܸ߼ôΪʲôЩ˶飿Ҷɻʵò̫ϵһϣԵƣҲнƵĹ̵ͦ鷳ģ˲Ϲһ㣬ҲƵӡ
е׵۾һڱͻƾŽڣŽ׶壡£Ҷݵص׵۾ǿҩҩԵգҲЧˣܹﵽŽ׶壬Ƽұкξ塣
Ȼ˹ЧҶ۾һڼóöڼݵˣ˴֮ͥ˵ĻӦǲƭ˵ģ
ڳˣҲ۾Ź⣬ö
ĵߵƼұӵܣһҪõһ
ڶŽ׸Ҳ׷׶һϧһдµһ
ڼ˵飬ʮ⣬
Ҷ۾΢Уôöҵˣõ֮幫һţһţܴʹʵһ̨ס
俪ʼһսƣʮϵģɲμս̨ˣپһʤ
ҶãԳʵӦܶһöһͱ¶ʵƼұĴΣա
ҪȥҶǵʵ
šҶصصͷ
˵ֻ»Σա
幫ҲᣬѵҪؿŵ䵽Ƽұʮ˱ô࣬Ƽұ˹ҲΣ˵֮ϾͻҶұҶСص
⵹һʮ˱֮Ҫдڼһڱ峤ֻҪ׷ӦܴųɱΧ
Ҷұ˵һᣡ
Ҷһ£ͷȥɡ
ʮ˱ʽʼಣֻӰ½̨̨ģһ㶼ʵȺҪ̨϶סսѹȺ۵ˡ
һ̨ϵˣ׷ɣڶ̨ϣĪұĮ̄ϣǰļֿӵܡ


49 
׷߽׶壬ս̨Ϻܿսߣʮ˱ԼſҲѷɫȥһ㶼ϵĸ֡
أĪϼұһ׸ֻ̨
Աطɫеѿӡ
ϱˡĪһЦطֵ
طֻûｫĪ˸
ûս׷ǫ̂ϵ׷ɣ˵ʱ޵⡣
һУ׷ôߵ츳˵ԱߵһھŽ׸ַ׷ס
׷Ӧʮ˱ĵһˣ
ֿܹʮ֮ǰﵽ߽׶ģҲط˷׷״
׷ɶŬһᳬԽң˵ܹﵽʮ׸֮硣΢΢׵Ϸʮʱֻڣһһǿ
طԴ޵ĻҶмһˣʲôһţĳǰƨǣ
ҶԶ̨΢΢һƲȻڻϳʱ
ʱĪĿҶϡ
ҶϱҲѾˣ˵ҶұĵһţΪβ³ȴһֱվĪ絭һЦԱԣֻǱ䣬д裬˴š
Ҷ˵ĪСӻǵȲˣҪ˵ҶصĪүү𼱣ҿ϶³ġ
Ҷһ仰ĪĻ˻ȥĪЩգҶĻжżҶ³һ㡣Īһתͷ˵ˡ
ڼĿҶ϶һĪĶԻ΢΢һЦ˵Ƣԣеθڣǲ֪ʵΡҶǵȻϳɵȣҶһЩȤ
ֿ̨ļһͼս׷ɣ׷ɴ
ֿһŵ֣Ҫ׷ʵˡ
׷ֽһֻɣȻɨȫ·һ˷׷׵ͷ֮ӣ¶һ˿мı顣
ûκսԡ׷ɿ·ҶĿɨ֮ǰҶұЩ飬ǹһ˿ЦҶұҶ֮ǰйһԼ㲻˰ɣ֣ͷڹһڿ̨ϡ׷Ƶع˹֡
׷ɵӣҶ΢΢üǿ̣벻̣ǲɱһɱ׷ɵİΪҶұ۸
ҶҶ
幫ȥˡҶ̨ȥ
ðɡҶ˵ͷأǵҶ򲻹׷ɣǵģһҶչʵ»Ĳ
Ҷϱ̫ˣ׷ֻзִġҶصӣЦ
˽ԶһЦ
ǳЦҶǲʾ༥ҵǵĳҲ֪׷ɽӵ˼Уǳ׷ɴſˣƼұӣֻƱʱ򻤶̡
ҶϱҲ̫߿ҶұˣҶСô׷ɵĶ֣ǳ˵Ρһ
ڼ˿ˣֿ˿ҶʲôһЦҶϱģҶСӮˣȻᱣǰȻ뿪Ƽұ
ڼĻҶͷǾȥ˵Щڼڣû뵽ڼϵԼΣС£Ҷұδܳ⣬ڼһ䱣֤ʲôµģȻҲڼӡ
Ƽұ䲻֮ˡŭ˴ʮ˱ᣬҶҶұȻڷŻɽҶҲϼ޻ڼҪҶҶƼұͲܳˡ
ǱáҶһЦſڼĹϵҲرãͽڼȴûͽϵӣб˴㣬ҶıӰɾʩΪ飬Ʊ˵̫ˡ
ҶЩɻ幫⻰ʲô˼ñʵ׷ɣ幫мظбЩȻͷһۺ󷽿̨ϵˣڼתͷŲ̨ȥ
ĪҲջһ֣Ҷ׷Ǹ̨ȥƲƲ죬׷ԼսҶֱȥ
̨ϸǿҶ׷˵ߣҶ飬мǰмյ߽׵ĸȥս׷ɣǿҶҲⲻҪһ٣֪Ҷ˸׷ʲôڡ
˵Ŀȫ۽׷ڵ̨ϡ
ҶһԾ̨
Ҷ׷¶һ˿֮ɫЦ֮ǰҶұ˵ʮ˱Ҫһû뵽㻹Ƽұй
л佱ھͿûˡҶ¶һ˿΢Ц뵽诶׷ɾȻȢ诶ãҲԼȻ幫ԼˣҲͲˡ
ͷѿ֮׷һתһ˿޵İ׹⣬Χһ˵ȼ״һ
̨˿׷֮ʱжһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ֻ߽׶壬Ҳ޽ӽ˽ˣ
Ҳ̫ˣʮ꣡


50 ϵ
ϲƱȻ˽ܳĺ󱲡طά̲סһ˿֮ɫ׷ţƼұδʮ䣬ʮ˱֮ˡ
ڶŽ׸ַ׷׵ء
ҲǷǳ⡣
ҶСӣҪˡΧһڱ峤ǣſϷ顣
Ҷмһ⼸ˣ߬ȭͷĳӿ콫ǳչ¶âʱ̣
ڼ˿ҶҶ¶һ˿ζЦݣǷʲôȤ顣
̨ϣҶذ˸ƣ֡
ҶȻԼ׷ŭգԾһƼұĶ֣ӰҶ˹Ʒԣӥá
Ƽұž֣ҶұûƷг˵似ɣúõؼʶһƷ似ζһ׷ؿҶҪҶѿһֱǾУҶһ֮ܡ
Ʒг似˵似׷׿ҲҪķһʱա
һĶž֣˶΢΢ɫ䣬似ֿû뵽׷ɾȻɹˡ
ֵƾܿߣۿžҪҶ£Ҷȴûһ˿ŵӣӴƷƷ似ּ似ֱԭʼ汾צҲȲϡ
Ʒ似Ҳ˼óҫҶŪص׼һһ࣬һбƣֱ׷ɵֱۡ
׷һƺ䵽оǰһΣһգҪ֣ͳХֱ۴ЩϽ˫һǱ˳ɡһһƣֱҪˡ
׷ɾ亹ֱðոյĽ֣ԼҲĪ
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̨һھŽ׸ȫü˼ղҶʱĴݣû뵽־ȻһһȻģȻȻ˭֪ˣȴҲǲ˵
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׷ɣ֣һҶұֵ޶־ͬڷˣԺŽ׸ֽʱٲҪСĵһһץˣֹУһбܾʤֵʽô׵ġ似ڼ֮д꣬ڼŲͣ޸ģڵӣģҪķʱ䡣
ջˣĻͷȻһ׷ɣƼұѧ
ֻ̨ϵ׷ɱһų˿˿׹⣬תһ߽׶ļһȻܴ߶ư˽׵δҲ̫Ź˵㡣
ֻп̨ھŽ׸ֲ֪ƼұĶ֮Ƽұܹʮ˱Ⱥô꣬ûеġ
ҶƵ֣׷ɶҶЩɵ֮ȴûҶĿǰΪֹʼ벻ͨôô׾ͱˣ
һ̨ϵĪҲŴͣЩȣʵҲ޷׷ɵһ֣ҶȻƵؾƽˣԭһһֱڰϻԼǰҫôã룬ֱҪѪ
ղУҲӦֵˣҶ׷ɣ¶һ˿Ϸʵı飬һҲȢ诶ҲԼмＸ
һУû˸ҽ׷ɷ׷Ƿʲô
˻ûüҶĻκηӦҶִڳͷһ
е͸һ˿ζһ˿׵Ŀ꣬Ҳһ˿飬һ˿ȡ
ҶұʱҲ˷ϵͻϵ
书еһеһ㲻֣һγɶصϢͬʱֹϢԲμͬʱֹķѵľǷǳ˵ģһɡ
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˿ҶҶʱɫԶһ䣬ĪҶұʵɣȻϵϵĹҶˣûҶҶսû
ĪҶұڰϻҶұƼұ֮ʤºԤˣ
ҶұԵﲻą̃ϵһڱ峤ǶһۣҶұصúط˽Զһ亹һֱòƼұԭΪƼұҶұ׾٣Ƕ¿һˡ


51 Ҷ棿
Ҷ֮תֹҲǴһЩĿģҶұչһЩʵѹǳ
þĻϵԭҶұھ֮⣬ϵͻϵĹֹͬʱһ似УûǧѧУġڼ¶΢ЦҶϵǿҩʦر֪Ҷ˺̶ֳȡ
ƣڼĻͷȻһ԰ֹһ似ûǧѧУһһϦǾģҶұжٲΪ֪ܣ
˵ǧǰҶ۹Ĵ壡Ĵ壬ûֻҶұһ֧û䵽˳̶ȣ
Խ룬Խľ
üͷʶе㲻ԣҶұļѧԨԴûҪû䵽˾أҶұڵν˽⣬ҪҶұʵȲɱƼұˣ
Ҷ֪Щ̫ˣԽԽƫּɣղоҶҲǾòջ侲û뵽˴ľϲ
ʦˣҶûͬʱֹֹҶڽ̻᳽ģ˵ûҶҲ˼磬Ҷұû䣬ӲҪʲôǧ괫УվдƵһ죬Ҷұ˵죬ɴ೶һǿҲ˵ͨһЩ
Ҷڣһǿߣ֪ĳǷҰݷáڼʵ˼֣Ҷ޹֮ƽ
˽ԶҶλڣܿʮ׶ֹˣжЩɻĪҶҺôһǿߡ
䣬죬ƽʱӲˣҶұǰ裬ҲǾֻ֣ܲǽѵľ˻ȥ˵֮ҪڶԳúܣһЩҶһЦӽʵĻѻױҴҶǰϣͨˣ¶һҲ޷ǿȵҶȻڶ̶һϣǶҩ޷󼰡һ棬֤ҶĻŶһӱúܸˡ
䣬ʮϵǿߣ𼶵ĸҲ˵һڣʮ׸һŭʬпܣƼұǷܳŭ
һ峤˼죬ҶұǷһ֣ǾҪΪã
ǸԳ˼ʱ̨ҶѾˡ
Χ˵עٶȾ۽̨֮ϡ
˻ϵķצ㲻ǷצأҶҪΪһҩʦϵǱرģҶ⽫צϼ֮ҲҪڼע⡣
צ似ӦƷг˵似ˣڶֿƷг似ֻжֿУ
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Ҷһצ¡
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ǸӰ׷ɣ׷ڵϿһ㣬ֲŰ
˿һ׷ɣۺȻؿ̨ϣֻ̨ϵҶһƵı飬·׷ɸûиκεѹ
ǰ׷ʮ˱ϵĵһţ֮ͬУδ֣һ֮ҪˣǸ˱׷ɸᣬʵֲ
ȻƼұˣվ־ŭû뵽׷ɾȻҶҶУһ˿֮ɫʮѾ˳ɾͣҾŸոջָûãʱգΪ
һҪɱҶұ⡣
ովҶҲʲôض
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ʱ·Ӱһ㳯Ҷ̨ȥһ׷ɣһ̨ϵҶӰ磬ǿɨ
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52 ط
ƼұĴ֮ҳʲô飬ƼұһᣡҶŭӣһǿͷ˳ȥ
̨ڶŽ׸Ȼɫ䣬ǾŽڣʵǲѷɫˣ
ֻһ˲ƾյӰѸٵҶȽΧɿһѰ޹ǸֵƿնǿƽҶε̨֮ϡ
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˽׶ʵȻ˵ãҶսҪǿ˺ü֣ҶתʱΨȫһڵӿ͸⣬ȫ·ŵñ
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ҶתԺеķɵһǿйȫ֮УǷɿתȫת˻֮һǿ͸
Ҷתȫ֮ʱڻղصӡ𶯵·һֶصҶԺΪ֮һ壬ɵ֮ӿǿʢ
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ƾۿžҪҶˣȻоһǿĻֱ֮֮ˣľҶҾ˰ԵĹ似ǰһƬƳԼ۾ƺֻʣ´ƬĻ⣬ҶСġ
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һ̨ϷһȸղŸӳؾ˵ը죬̨ķ˿ȥΧ˵ȷ׷
Ƽұ̨ȻľͷõȴɽΪʵľǰ˽׸֣Ҳѽ飡
ľ䣬һӰɳȥԶƤͬ˿һ㣬ýڣʹ֮˵սľ
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УѲǺȻǾֲǿһʽ似ǻǵһμ
ǿ򳡵룬صľƬ֮УҶҲеǱ˺ܶ࣬һЩ࣬Ѿ൱õˣǳƷǽ͸⣬γ棬γ棬һ·Ҫٻٴˡ
Ҷǹһ˿Ѫһ£ʼָʱҲҶļϣؿΧٴеӡ
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̨һھŽ׸ԺһͷҶǸǿߣˣһǿ̨һǿļһ
Ѿǵƾ츳ܹﵽˣȻŵķ룬˵һֲչ֣
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ҶӣҶԱߣĵؿһҶʱԲκ˿
ڼ̨ʱκԶͷ𾪣þĻϵϵ𣬿й֮޲ҶĿȥһţʦҩίУӣ˾ҶԶĵطͣ¡
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Ʊ˵ҪҶҶȫղƼұ˶֣Ǵҵĵޣ˳֣ұ˻ƼұҾûʵڼĿ磬ɨ
һ飬ڼȻ˵Ļȴǲˣڼʵڼõ㵤ҩʮϰپŽ׸ΧƼұʱƼұĻһˡ
ղƾճ֣ȷʵᣬҲ벻ᷢ飬ƾţҵ˼һ֣Ա߼Ƽұ˺ȵˣƾմȥҷãĿҶɨһ׹⡣
ڼһֺγ֪װģ
˴һӣҶǿѹ·ӿ۾˶עԼվ
˵ôҶеʵ
л幫ģֻ˵СˡҶ˼ȴؿһöӡϣöӡʵ»Ӳƾյһơֻöӡڷһֱ֮Ѱͨˡ
ҶĻ˵Ķ˾κˣ˽׶ֻɣȻֻ˵СˣʵڶֿҲЦһˣǰˣһʮѣ


53 ڶ
һڱ峤Ƿ׷ҶҶұȻպԻָտɴ
Īһһף뵽Լ֮ǰǰ⣬ʧýĪҶôһȣͲ̫ˣҶұҲ̫ˡԱߵĮ̄иǱҶ׷ɣҲֻ߽׶ʵѣ˽׶ƾվȻҲҶʵڽܲˣһֱԾӵķţҶôһȣԼֱһ
ҶұĻϵȻ˸ͣĳǼʶˣղҶʩչһʽƷ似ɣڼҶڼһ䣬Χ˵ը˹Ʒ似Ҫǧļ壬ӵУǸʷϣȻǳ𼶸ֵģоƷ似
һʽȷʵƷ似Ҷһ㶼ϡ
ڳ˿ҶҶ˵Ŀ⣬ȴЩӵζ
һ䣬һӦҶұҶ֪˵ȣ飿ڼʵϾǼģ̫ʧ̬ڵ۶һЩ壬ʮﵽ˽׶Ҳеģ۹ۣʮͽ˾ŽףͨȻǲһģ۴СڻʼԺ鵤ҩһҲ
ӿЦڳһУ˭ҸҶһвЩգڼĵȴҪҶˡ
ֱҪץˣаһʮ˱ᣬԭͽڼû뵽ʯͷԼĽţԼұⶪ˲˵ΪҶұ˼£Ҳڼˡ
Ʊǿʼһֲ԰ɡڼеҪҶûҩ츳ǲԣҪճеġ
ɫӣҶҩ츳ڼҩֻ²ٶҶұˣƼұҪеķպܴѵԺҪҶұã֮䣬Уˮ𣬹ϵܸƣΨ
ΪʺϵҪΪҩʦҲô򵥵ģһΪϸҪǱĲٿ
˰ţʼָӣʱҲεֻܰڼ˵ϣҶĿ޷ﵽڼҪ󣬱ϾĿһ˵츳޷ҩ֮Ķ
ܿأ˷׷ɢ䳡϶˼ʮӣŵطǱߣ˵ĺ档
˵ҩʦѡͽһصķ֪βԵġ
Ҫ۽ˡ
䳡䣬˵ʲôһԶҶҶ¶һ˿Թ֮ɫ
磬ҶĻҶұôһǿߣյʵۿűǴѹҶұͻȻ㷭ˣôҲ޷ܡ
ȻţҶôһǿߣҶû䣬ƼұͱˣҶСﾭһָʵĿɭ䣬֪ˣ͸ðСӸˣЩڣôֻҶľ
ҶľһǵģҶҶս۰ĶӣҶɱֻἤҶսĳޣҶұ϶ƼұһսҶˣҶսΪҶķĵҩҶұʵû뵽ȴ˻Ūˣ
ȻЩҶұǷôһǿڣǼѡ˲ţʱֻѡţ
ҶҩôԺû취ٶҶұˡ
ҶСѾǰ˽׶壬ٷò˶ãƼұ͵꣡ʶƼұΣ˼ƽϡ
Ǹô죿Ѿµʲôû˵
ΪǿǵȲˣţ֣˸˵ɸֹЭǣҶսȥ¹ҩֿ˳ҶұԣһĪ裬ҶСҩҶұǱҲùôҲҪѶֿҲˮ
ȥšͷתӶȥ
ҶȥıӰһۣĶԻҶ̽һЩǣƼұﻮԸҶұѾһˣǷľҶұ֮ìܣ̲֮ҶұĿɽֽʮ˱ᣬҪɱҶұ֮ˣԼǷ¶ʵƼұ⼸춯֣֪ǸţʲôˣƼұЩʲôţҪɱԼ幫빥Ҷұ
룬һ֣þȥ
ƼұȻ˰ţһڹ޷ʵУֿĸָϹҲʱ䣬ͨʦĲԣʣһöõ˵
˵עǰⳡϣ֪ˣ˵ȶ֪ƼұҶұ֮䣬Ѿˮݵľء
֮Ҳ棬ϷһЩĩ֮ϣڷĩϹͼյͼԽԽȡʤ֮Ƽ򵥣ʵѶȾˣһջǿ׿֮ҲǺɡ
Եķ΢΢һ֪ڳжܹﵽʦҪȼеҩٶȸ죬ǶĿȴȫ츳ˡ
ܿأһڲμӲԵͨǩ飬Ҷ鵽Լĺ룬ڵ顣
ʼɣһ飡һƼұ˴
ʮߵ˸Եǰ棬ǵ֮ϡ
ʱΪһٶʮϢʼɡ
ЩǿʼתԼһѾǷǳˣοҪһͷ˿˿
ڳ˴ҴΨһ罫ЩŬĳɹˡ


54 
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˽ԶڴؿڼϣôһܹڼҪȴڼҡҡͷ˲ʧ䣬ҪΪҩĵӣȻô򵥵ġ
ڶ飡
ܿأһȥˣڶȥĪǡñ˵ڶ飬վܿҲʼ˲ԡ
ڼЩǰ߹Īǰͣһ£ȴ¶һ˿ɫĪϻһֻӣȻòôÿЩŤŤ˵ȣȴǺ˺ܶࡣ
վĪĪ磬ڼ飬һԳһ˿˷ܵǺ֮ɫ
츳Ŭ֮ܳΪһмҩʦڼ΢Ц
ֻмҩʦĪұԣϵٹˣĪµֲͣز
˽Զ۵ؿĪ磬һЩ峤Ƿ׷أţĪұǹʺˣǰ˸мҩʦĪǲõĽҪһмҩʦҪȸĪұùϵźá
ϲĪϱ
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ҶһһԶվ˸Եǰ棬֣ЩĩϿ硣
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ڼ˵ۣĿҲҶЩĩϣЩĩֻǻƶûʲô̫ı仯һʱ䣬ѾһһʮϢҶڿʼҲʲôôòǿٿĿҲ̫ˣҩʦҪ
ҶһһʮϢû겻飬ƽֻҪҶҩϹϵǾûˡ΢΢һƲżôţ
Ҷϱ츳ʵˣһϣȴûʲô츳Ī縧˸׵ĺ룬Ц
ϲĪϱò˶ãĪұ˵ֳһмҩʦҶάҪ˵һ㼵ʶûУǼٵģʧ䣬ҩʦһʣҶұľԵ
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ЩĩԽתԽ죬Ȼ棬ڿն𣬺ֻ䣬ЩĩϣһԲΣԲԳһмһĻߣ߸һ㣬ֻһ㡣
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˿һʱ䣬һһʮϢҶȻʱ̻ͼĸ⡣
֪Ҷ֮ԲĪӣ˭һЩ
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Ҷ㲻ҩ츳
ǵÿʦʲô˵ˡ
֮ʱԲξǲͣתֱһѰɫĩ
ĪҶҪԶ
õͼôְˣ


55 㾦
һһʮϢٻѾˣ˷׷ϧ
Ҷض㣬ղŻһԲΣô˵ҲһЩ츳ˣ˵ܸĪһϸ£ôָˣ
ԶҶһͼԾģҶֽٵͷһɣһ̣ƸоʲôĿתضҶ¡
ĪĪһһСҲǸţ۾Բ˵Ҷǰӣһһ䣬༸Ҫǻȥ
ڼؿһҶֻʱǶѷĩҶ·ɿضĩŤѸٵعճһǳͼǹյٶȣֱƾˡ
ڻʲôͷԶһ
ܿأһΩΩФͼԾȻϣһٶʮϢϣҶͻȻ۾һ֣̽ȻԿҶУһצӰһӶ
ʱ
£ţһ˵
ؿҶ£Ҷ֮߷ߣͷ¹ǣƬצΧƣȻ֪ʲôޣȴǷǳ˵ãƾˡΩΩФˣ·Ҫڷɶһ㡣
ҶĪ硢ĪԶһƬհףһ˵ؿҶǰ档
ǺڼƬ̣ʵʵ⣬ʵġ
ҶޣŹޱȣǴδҶñ棬ȷдһ㡣
Сޣھ߿֮ϣƼ½ӡҶĪȻû
Զɻ֮һ֣ȴǴ壬һֻޡ
ҶޣڼʵǼܻƬϸ¿ɼ
ûУֻҶһЦ
ڼؿһҶⶫ֮еͻȻ˾Ҳебڼȴ֪һЩһЩޣɲУĪǽޣҲΣ
ڼٴϸһϵġҶ˵ܹƼ½ӣ˵ãȻ¹ȴһȻƣһҲûи˹֮УȻƴġ
ôû۾Աһɻʵ
ڼҲע⵽ۿϣȴû۾ҲɻؿҶ
һ½л㾦ҵĻ۾֮ڿն𡣡Ҷص
Ļ۾ϵڿն΢΢һ㵣ÿĿʱȴûκ˵ҶҶͼ棬Ǿ׿ԽĻϵ츳ʱգڵҩһ;ϣɾͶȻǷĪǶֿҲҪһҩ
ҩ𰡣ǿҩ˸оЩϢһøѡ
һԵ㶵ؿҶµͼ粻ãȻ־壬һ㣬ѹû뵽ҶĿȻﵽ۷徳磬֮ڼȻҶĿ࿴ҩˣҲʱ۹ĻƼұ֮أ
ôһҪҩҶ֮ǰɵɱĶԶ֣һҩ»ɱ֮룬һļƻð
ĪôҲû뵽ƶתֵĵַˣǣĪ츳Ҷôһȣʮǧ֪᲻õڼӡҶ츳ʵ̫ˣһ˿֮ģΪСڣ͵һδҩǾ̫ˡҩʧǡ
һԵĪҲɵˣʱֻʹʹشһΪʲôΪʲôı̬
㾦ڼЦһ͵鼤ѣû뵽ֿһУȻıһţ֮ǰڵ˸Լһ㣬˵бջû뵽Ȼôջڵ֮˵ãʦҩҶţǺε˷ܼ
Ҷû뵽ͻȻ䣬ӦʱΧ˵Ƿ׷ءԭĪصţôһᣬĪѾƨƨߵش
ҶϱϲҶұһš
ҶϱԺҶұвǲǶǣ˵ľǶҼ⻰һ˿ĵ˼ңʵҶұҪһΣƼұѷɫ˶١
ΪҪ˵ĵذͽҶұ
˷׷׷ӦҼÿ죬Ҷұ츳׿֮ˣҶ츳ʮʮ꣬˵̤ʮף𼶣һпܳΪһҩ
ҩʲôһִڣ
ԺиֳһĴʻ㣬ʵǿᣬα鼰£ͽڶ࣬ɵйֱܴľŽ׸ڸҷΪƣΪ꣡
۹ҲһҩѣҩǰҲԳһҩӳȥöϵĵҩһڴͷ
ǵҶҩȥύδҲ̫ˣڸϽҶұʾãȹ̹ϵ˵
ôһ룬ͷôȥˣ
ҶϱұҲƾǲ

һ峤Ƿ׷ǰҶļ壬ʮŽ׸Ҳʮ֮࣡
ǰҶұƼұƼұվŶֿһ峤ҶұǾԶ֮ڣЩ΢ҶڼϣƼұҶҶұٹʮ꣬ҶұͲⷬ⾰ˣƺһһȥֿҲ군һ峤Ƿ׷װͽҶôҶұõĹϵҶұʱģ
ôŽ׸־ȻƾǲĵĴʶˣҶһƬǺ֮ɫ֮꣬йٹ⣬Ҷұйٹ⣿Ͻȭ񣬾ϳɳصҲЩƮƮȻ˶˼֣һҶһУǳģ


56 ڼ
Ī߹̣εЦЦϲҶϱԺҪǰҶұ߶ˡƾǲĻȴôҲ˵ڡ
ĪֵܾܹҶһЦ֮ǰЩСûҪ̫⣬ôʱ£һЩȻҶұȫ˵
һӱˣطӼۣȴԶһЩҲȥҶء
ô౤峤ҶұģҶұһЩˣܶԿƼұʱǻƼұһϣǼֱ
ط˵̬ȣʱһֱĸоŭģֱҪѪһʹСˣһƬ˫ؿҶҶҶ޵˹ʤδأһһ˦䣬ת뿪ʵЩ˰ķӭӣ֮ȻǽҶλöԻһ£϶֮ãϧƼұûҶܳĺ󱲡
ҶϱǷ̸ܸһ̸ڼҶ
ԣʦ롣ҶͷڼڣȫõҶİΣҶһȥӦһ峤ˡ
ҶףЩ峤˾˵úҪǸʱδؿϸɣôˣһǳԸƼұӦûģνǽ
ڼҶ΢Ц
һ𣬳ȥ
᷿ڣ̴ڿƣеİ趼͸һ˿µŵζɼдڼһģȴû뵽ʮ˱ᣬƼұ˼£֪Ҷ츳׿ôҲҶڼ棡
ҶԸʦҩ£ڼҶֱʵҲ˰֮ģҶ츳ǽ̲˵ģֻʦҩ̣Ը⣬ҿԽʦ𣬽Ǳʦֵơ
ҶЩɣһ£ʵԸҩ£Ƿ񼴿̱Ҫ뿪ֿ
ڼһ룬ˣʵҶұƼұ֮䣬ǲЩڣ
ҶұƼұв𣡡Ҷͳص֮ĶԹҶұԸ⻯⣬ƼұҲδͬ⣬֮Ȼ
ڼû棬Ƭ̵ֿƼұӴʱȴҲ֣Ȼ˿࣬˵ҩµӲ塣ɣԸʦҩ£ұ㽫¶һڱ峤֪ʦ£кܶҶұǽ˷˹ȥ۶Σ
ãǾ鷳ʦˡҶҲڼĴҩ£Ҷұԣаһ
ڼ״һЦʦ£ұͬʦֵܣʦĳƺҪһˣ
ԱСͯˣ۲ѣȻ츳ڼȴֻܴӶѣӶ㲻ϣҶǺܳΪҩĵӣǼֱĸԵˡ
ȻԸʦ£⵱ʦֵģٲҪ㿿ʵõöﻹööϴ赤ʮöʮöһˡڼóһУݸҶ
С˺񡣡ҶæڼĻ˼֣û뵽ڼһóô൤ҩЩҩļֵֿʮıȫ£һҲδЩҩֵǮ񣬿Ǻˡ
ڼˬһЦȼʦ£Ժ󻹻ȱҩڼҪҶһ飬Ҷ츳ɾͶȻͣҪ;͵öһЩ͵ˣɴ಻粻ͣϧֻô൤ҩЩҩ棬һſȫֵǣЩҩĵӶԣȴֵһᡣҶȻϡҶʦ£㵤ҩδؿۣ
Ҿˣʦ壬СġҶЩҩͷô൤ҩҶʵһ㼶ö
Ҷ仰ڼ΢΢һЦҶ仰ЩҩҲˡ
ͷ͵ƼұܻΣգٹһʱɼ˽ͳƼұ֮飬ǱԼɣ
лʦҶϽлڼ˰ͳȥҲ幫˲鷳
ҶӦһһ峤Щ峤ҶұͣЩ峤Ƿ׷ӦһᣬʦҶҩ𣬸ʦΪʦֵܵϢѸٵشˡ
ȻԭΪʦὫҶΪӣû뵽ȴҩҩԽ̵ϢһҶĿеĵλȻְθ˼֣ΪҩĵӣڶʱڣûʲôɾͣλҲ൱ˣ˵ҩĵÿ춼쵽߼ҩóһŵҩҲЩֿļܹģ


57 ѿ
ʮ˱ᵽѾˣ쵹һЩĿ˵ӶֿһЩŮڶ౤峤Ƽұ黶֡ڣһڶֿı峤ȴǲٸƼұһˣһЩ˷׷׸뿪
֣Ƽұ϶ֿƹֿܶƼұ˱㲻Щ峤ǿͿģû⵽䡣
һߴ̽䣬ӦɱҶСӣӦڼ棡üģںѾ̫ˣ滹ͷۣҶұһҪģֻȴԶ֣
ҶҶˣˡһƼұ˼ææ˹
ǶҶҶˣôͲˣŭ
ǸƼұп಻ƼұŪøͰһ㣬ҶҶһǾŽ׸֣һ˽׶壬ôסƵصҶ˽˶ᣬǶҽȥֻڶ涢ţҵȶû˳ʦСͯȴ˵ҶѾˣ
ڼڼŭһӣһ뵽ڼݣٶŭҲֻʡ
ЩȻڼ˽ҶҶͳƼұڼǹǰ߻Žڵĸ֣˳ȥ׾٣ҲסڴصⲽĿһƬɭ䣬ҶұӦõöⶫͬСɣ棬ΨˣӦڼʮ˱ԭļڶһͶҶұǲǲˣֻܼϣڶֿĸˣţ϶֪ôˣвЩ
Ӳƽ
ҶϱҶұԶƼұز׷ˣǾڴ˱ɡ
ڼŽ׸һ·ҶҶˡ
λذɣʦлҶȭмص
һλһ·СġŽ׸ֹȥ
ҶһԱߵҶԺţڼ൱سģ뵽Ƽұ֣ʱüϰҶұһֱƼұѹģǵʱ򣬲㱻ʮ˱뵽ʮӶʮҲֵҶƼұҫˡ
֮ǰʦ˵ʲôҶҶʵ
˵ߵ˽ᣬ˹ȥ۶ƻǰɡһЩҩҶǬװ˲ٵҩЩҩ˵ȻûʲôôԼԣȴش
öҶ΢΢һЦһöܰ׾Ž׶壬һöҶĸҶս죬ʱգҶսҲܽŽ׶壬ʵһ̨סǿǵ֮ǰѹҲ󲻵Լܹܵ˸߼ĵҩһУǳġ
һЩҩҶ΢ЦǬɲֹö
öڼҩҶһ£һĪļ֪ڼʲôҩ
һööϴ赤ʮöʮöҶٺһЦ
ҶؿҶһƬհףҲͰˣǰһԿʮöҲǼһЩ棬ЩҩȻЩ£ȵԴһЩڶֿһɼԣҲǿĺöϵ档ؼǣöööϴ赤
ϴ赤Ϊ崴츳׿֣öŽ׶塢Žڸ֣
ΣҶƽ¼飬ЦЩƧС壬ҩ¹Ȼûñȡ
幫ȻҶұɡҶżҪϻȥ
š
˼ӶȥԽǽӽҶұǵԽǼȲҪϲѶˡ
Ҷұ
⣬ԽȣҶұⶼܾ䡣
ʱڣ¹ؼĴҶս˲һ˿иĴѲš
֪ͳʲôʱܻҶսЩӣҶҶڿѨ֮С
İɣѾǾŽڣֻҪԶ֣һ˶κβ
Ƽұצڶ࣬ΧһǾ鷳ˡ
Ҫ˵Ǽٵģֻĵصȴˡ
ʱҶұľͻȻҶұ
Ҷսɫһ䣺еϮ
䣬ʮӰҶұڣǴͷ֮ˣ
ҶұڣŮɱ⣡ȵϵ似һصһһҶ˴˳ȥȽǵĳǷжˣ
ʮӰͷҶұͷ
ҶұĵطҶսҪҶұڴɱ䣬ŭѣ£ЮƳֱȥϷ˵Ľɫֻһ棬Ԫ֮塣
Ҳʾӭȥ
صһը죬ɳʯ澹һӣŽ׸֮Ľνˣ


58 Σ
ŵŵŵ˺üѪһӿд󾪣ҶսŸսŽûãʵȻѾȵѹһͷˣ⾿ô£
Ҷս죬ҪҶұڴɱ䣬ҶұһҲһһŽ׸֡Ÿ˽׸ֹ㸺翹ҲûãǹԹ־͸ɣЦ
Ҷսͷһû뵽Ȼôֹ岻ҶұֻҪһ
ָǣҶҶѾƼұˣŵشЦ
ҶսɫһףЩվȣͳѾˣôᣬŴõǰ;ôҶս첻ҡ
Ҷսʧ֮ʣ֣ҶսԴ˹
ҶҾҪ壬ҲҪСᣬΪҳ𣡡Ҷս͵̧ͷ˫۲Ѫ˿ȫתȻ䣬һɸΪǿƣɨȫļ⣬˵֮
Ҷսɢƾ˿ֲҪҶҶѶҶս죬û뵽ǽҶս켤ŭˣֻûҶս壬Ҷսһȭɨ˹
أǿײϣ˳˼ɣҶսûƬ̵ͣ٣һצץ
ţ϶߰æһɱҶս죡Ҷս֮½ڽڰˡ
ԽԽȥˣһսŽûõ˶򲻹Զһ޴׳Ҫ׷ɱҶսˣĺȣһԾ˶籪һ㵯еȥ
Ž׸ΧҶսһˣҶսʱо˾޴ѹ
һߣҶս˷׷ӭսЩ˽׸֣սֱĸȫսšҶս˽سҶսǱ߿һۣһӭսʵ൱ľŽ׸֣֧Ų˶ãֱЩ˽׸סѲ
ˣ˾Ž׺Ͱ˽׵ģ߸߽ף׷ɱеһСҶұС֮УߵҲףЩ߽׸ֵĶ֣Χһ˺ܶࡣYҲ֪ʲôطʵ߽׶壬ӭס߽׸֣ȻҶұʧΪأ
ʵģսʸûУŽװ˽׸ǵƣ㽫ײ˳ȥ
ಣһǷ˹ȥڳǳңǽϵҶǵ˵Լˣ̫óǷֻܳ׼һЩ϶
أҶս찤ţ϶һѪӿ۵³һѪ
Ҷս죬ڣ״Цǲơ
Ҷս۷ڣ׵۾㹻ǿᣬ֧Ųסˣǿתסţ϶űһԡѪս֪ܵ££Ҷұͽһɱ
ǼսˣǾֻܴǻȥ
ȻǣҲҪȫȻкȥҶҵڣ
Ҷսǿд߻ڵ˲Щɵ˺΢һͷ˵ͻ˵Žƽţ϶
Ȼ־͸еţ϶һҶս죬սϣɱ飬йļöˣȫӵҳ࣬㻹ܲٽһХ¡
ҶҶԷɱԶ޴ľ֮Ҷұģɵһݡ
ҶұľӣҶغ
ҶһݣǵϮľӣĪҶұϮˣ
˹˲˵ಣӰٶ˼¡
ҶнҶұֻиһŽף;뿪˵ʱᵽʲôţ϶ҲһŽ׸֣ԷϾŽ׸֣Ҷұ鷳ˣΪƼұôټֶԸҶұҲҪһʱ䣬û뵽Ƕô졣
ҶұҲǺԶȫĻӦһڸϵϣüҶｹ֡
ǿ񱼵ʱԱߵӰҶҶ߷Ӷ
Ҷɨ幫Ž׳ڣƼұǵˣôټô֣
Ȼر˽ңҸɵ֮ȥҶͺһת׵۾𣬳Ž׳ڸֳȥ
ҶŲһ£幫ʵԸŽ׳ӦûʲôģֻǰСʱ֮ڣºѾʤô幫Աݡ
幫СģȻر𣬳Ҷұ񱼡
ƼұȻŽ׸ڰ;ǣ֪˶ٸ֣Ҷұ澿ôˣǰ濴ȥҶұѾңңˡ
ҶұһƬңʮʬ壬˵಻ƼұǱߵҲ
Ž׸ֵĲ֮£ҶսڵѾĵòˣ;ƿݵıԵ˱ڵˣĪҶұҪ˲ɣ
ŭһ۵֣һȭ˳ȥһ졣
һȭĵ˼ҿҶսľһȭ϶ˣһ̶ҵҪ㻹ܳŶã
Ѿ;ƿˣңȥԸˡţ϶һЦ
Ҷսӳһȭ֮ڵһ˿ҲѺľǿǽվȣ߶ЩģˣŽƽţ϶ҪҲ
ǣټˣҶսһҶս˼³Ѫ


59 ţ϶
󲮣ţԶһĽ߳ҶYҶս֧ŲסнһһƬ˹
ҶսǿǿƬʱоһԼ壬ס˼ѵﴦҲ۳һ˿
С椵ĶеŹ֣һҶսһЩ仯ţ϶ȵȥץסС椣סҪץģӻúһأţ϶һҶYѾϴͶ붫ֿ£ԼɽկŮûôƯ椶
Ȼţ϶ĺɫЩҶY׷ȥ
䣬Ҷսţ϶ֶһƣһڣҪιȥЋY壬Ҳ죬ʱҶսվվȣ˵ֿˡ
ȥɣţ϶ЦŻҶսȥƺҶսԽŽΡ
磡
ҶսһҪߵĵˣȥҶս죬Ѿˡ
ಣʱһɫ壬Юƣţ϶ĺ󱳼
аţ϶о󱳵ͷһݣ֪һЩüŽ׸֣Īڰ֮£ĸҴ⣬ϽͷҲһɫ峯Լһȥ
ƾԶԶɨǺɫ壬Ϊûˣֻһ죬һǿĳɨɨȫĵ˼ѪӿϴʹҲյýڣкȻɫ䣬⾿ʲôѷɫھŽ׸ȫһͷûǺɫӽԼ롣̧ͷȥֻǽ֮ϣһӰɱͷһɫһֻСޣΪۡ
ǳûҶս̧ͷҶԸ㣬Ҳˮӿ
峤
һ˷ܼ
ţ϶񣬷ֹֻһĺӣû˸ͷ󶨣ҶӦǱŽ׸סˣСӵĺɫȻֻҪðûˡ
ҶһҶս죬ղӱըĳҲ˸ף鼱֮£ûиõİ취ҸȻܵ˲ĳǱţ϶˲ء
Сޣţ϶ЩɵҶӣɨһһԵҶս죬Ҷսһʱ֮ڣ޷ָѾȫûκսˣԼԸҶսʱҶӣǻҶƽ
׷ҶYҶ֮ͷһݣСӾȻôͻˣҿҶûлŽ׸;ǶԵģһţ϶Са˽׶ʵСĵ㣬ĵ
Ļţ϶΢΢һǰСӶʮӣȻа˽׶ʵֲǴĵϵӵܣôܣûҪƭԵýˡ
ţ϶Ҷͷһ㣬ȫ͹ļ⣬һ˰̣ȫ˴
Ҷ֪ԼʵԾŽ׸ʵ̫ǿˣֻȫһս
ҶļЩӡ
ദôãȻ겻˵Ҷ֮䣬һͨĸоܿ˰˼ĻԾŽ׸Ч
һϵҶȽԽߣԽǿԽױơ
ţ϶ߵҶʮԶʱͻȻһȫ͸һǿƣŵŵţǣһ֮ҶأһҲû֡
˽׶ΣӴүһţ϶ɤӣһһ߰˽׵ĸֻ֣ţ϶һֻ¶ҪѪӿţ϶սɳ꣬ɱ飬¶͸һɱ
ҶоһǿʱתˣѺţ϶ֻΣգϽ߶ԺеķɵڵľѸת˻ϵ
֣꣬ҶʱͻȻһڰŨصѸٵɢ˳ȥ
ţ϶ǰͻȻһƬͷһḻܿø֪Ҷһ¡
İԸŽ׸ЧʮޣֻҪԻһţ϶͹ˣҶڵĻϵ籡һ࣬ţ϶һһƷ죡
ȵĻɨţ϶ϡ
أţ϶˻ΣϵĻɢû뵽ԼȻһʮСӴһƣҶĹǼţ϶ԡ
Сӣţ϶һɨ
ҶϽ˫ָ񵲣صһ죬ҶҵõɳȥɣУŽ׸ֻǲ̫ˣţ϶һһȥ
ţ϶Ǹŭһȥأھţ϶ɵĵطըõʯҷɣţ϶ֻ΢һЩӰ죬Ǵ󲽳
ţ϶ηһˣ
İԽԽ࣬ɢҶŰţ϶λսȻƣǿܽţ϶סţ϶ҲǸˣһߴһ߳Ҷս쿿
Ҷ״Ϊ˲ţ϶˼ףҲȥؽţ϶ס
һߣһƽҶɻ˳ȥһֻӥһ㣬ץҶY


60 ս񣡣
ԷŽ׸֣Ҷұȫƣ
ҶǿܹӦ˽׶ǿߣҪԾŽǿߣʵǲ̫ˡ
ҶĽ֣ٹһӣҶұҪһ롣
Сģţ϶һɨҶҶս鼱شһ̫أؿһƣȫҪһ㣬ֵڵء
ţ϶ɨ޿ɱܣҶ񵲡
صһ죬Ҷţ϶һУ˳ȥ
ɢҲˣҶǿվ壬ţ϶ͰԵޱȣţһ㡣
ҶҸӣţ϶ţ϶ЦҶͷ£ٽϾŽ׸ֵԽͨ˽׸ҳ࣡
֨֨Ҷϵİ꣬ëֱŭضųţ϶һǿҵĻɨ˳ȥ
Ҷţ϶ƽѵҪ
һҶұҪʹ壡Բ鷢
ҶȻųһ⣬ҽ΢΢󳷣˲֮ǰĵ֮һڵ·ܵǣľǣת÷ɿ죬ɵ֮еӿ֮䣬·ʣԼǰţ϶
֮УľľܸǿҶԺһһ˿
֮еľϵתλ֮ϣľϵԴԴϵӿţ˲ȫת˻ϵϵ֮ǰҶƼұʩչƷ֮ʱǿʮ
Ʒ죡
Ҷһһƺܡ
ţ϶ҪҵҶˣͻȻҶֻè۾Ϊ֮һ㣬Դݵؿհһ£̶һ˲һɳȵ
ãţ϶ͷ󾪣ҪѾˡ
һ죬һɻ˺ɨ֮ڵķΧţ϶еǱϣؿϰһƣ˶徹ǵɵ˿Уݺݵ߰ɿĵϣһ·˺ԶͣһƬڣ·ðỤ̃ʹĺߺԽԽᡣ
ʲô飡ƼұҶұˣŵؿһĻţ϶ǿǾŽ׸֣ȻҶһƻɣۿžͻˡ
ʱ˶Լͷ𾪣ҶһʮĺӶѣ
Ƽұ굨ɥܹŽ׸֣һʣµҲδҶĶ֣Ž׸־ʤǻʲôôģ
Ҷұڶھ˶ݵ֮󣬱Ļֿϣһʿ񣬽ƼұѹȥռϷ硣
һǳƷ֮һƬƵĺ֮䣬Ҷ۾վһǳƷǺľȫ֮пտҲֻԺеķɵȻڲϵӿ뵤֮УԷǳٶȻָš
ģ֮·ʲôȻҶȻһҵľ֮С
һſҶļϣƺҲǸӦҶڵĳֱ仯
ҽڶƼұţ϶ɱ֮ɥʧ˶־һҶұǵĺΧ֮£½ɱ־ؿŽ֮еҶз⣬ŶãҶʵȻѸ٣ţ϶ҲɱҶǻԴӣȴǱҪ˾ÿֲ
ʮܾ꣬Ž׳ǿߣҵү
ҶұȻҪƼұңѾ׷ɱҶұˣȻûжҶͻȻӦҶɱţ϶϶Ҳˣʱɱʱһ˿ϣ嵯𣬻ֳҶֵľѸ۵֡
ԽԽҶȴһ㶯ûС
Сģ

Ҷ磡
˶ԮҶѾˣŽ׸ֵٶȣܸϵϵģ
ۿҶҪ£Ҷս˽ƵرǸողһ˿ϣķչֽ˾Ԩ
СӹȻˣ¶һ˿ЦŹҪۿžҪˣأҶ˫ͻȻ۾֮һ⣬ͷһ٣·ʲôﶢһ㣬ʮѡ
߽׶ıϣھ˸ղһս֮󣬺Ȼ飬Ҷ֮ǰ۷ʱ̻Ҫǿʢ֣˰˽׸ֵĻҶʹĻȫѷɫھŽ׸ˡ
ߣҶݱܹڵȫֵ֣һһȭ
·ܵǣ岻ǰ壬һգָҶĹȴˣһҶһȭ֮ϣһ˵ı죬ĻӲƣһ飬߹Ƕѣߵķһ㵹˳ȥܵ˱ţ϶ֻزᡣ
Ƶķչ˵ԤϣҶһȭȻ࣬׿Ȼ
һҶұǼΣԶĳȣѪӿ
ս񣡡
ս񣡡
ҶұֳһŽսʮľŽս
һڳǽ֮ϵǱǿҶУޱȵĳ羴Ҷʱе֮ս
ЩƼұ˻굨ɥŽ׸ֶѾˣҶɱһȭƣȫɥʧ˵ֿ֮ģʣµĻҷͷӴܣһҶ˵׷֮£׷׷Ǳܡ
ҶܣһأҶұһƬǽ壬ЩǿĿУҡ˷ܵ飬֪ӽ쿪ʼǽƼұӰ֮£Ϊֶһػս


61 ٺ
һѸٵؾߣһЩ˵вʹ֣еĸɴ຿ޡ
ҶߵҶսԱߣִҶսϣڵľһƬңʲôסһ۸ģŵģҶYǿ壬мؿһ߹ҶY
ڵѾĴҶϽһϵ׵ڣһö
ǺҶսǿ۾ҶĵҩⵤҩͨɫȴǴδ
׿԰ɡҶƽʱĸףˣҶҲͷʹ
Ҷս㵵ؿҶҶ֪ŪĵҩҲûⵤҩһ£ȥ
幫أôûиһҶսʵ
Ҷͷһ̫ڹĸ׵ƣ뵽幫ûл
Һ幫·أ幫ϺȻˡףϢһ£ȥ幫Ҷ
ϽȥɡҶս쵣ҶİΣ
Ҷ׼ʱֻҶս۵˺ˣ
ֻҶɿӽڣĿյϣܣʬ壬΢΢Ȼڷû뵽ҶұսѾˡ
壬ˡҶս۵˿Ҷɫ԰ף˼ϻˣæҵҶҶơ
С˲Ҫ˵ˡҶæڰֵ
幫ôˣҶϽеʵ˵ԷֻŽ׳ڸ֣Ȼ˵幫Ŷԣ
ЩƼұ˰˴㶾ֻһҾͻزˣҴˣǵ׷ǺյʲôѶţͳˣû׷ҶЦ
ƼұһʼƺˣŽ׳ڵĸַҶҶţ϶ҶұԺŽ׸ֻϣһΧɱҶ̴úãû뵽ҶҶô죬ֳҶôȻɱţ϶ǵļƻŽ׳ڵĸ֡
ƼұЩʲô˽ҶұҶɨһ۱Ҷ̧ʬ壬ʵ
ӣһţ϶Ž׸֣Ÿ˽׻м߽׶ġҶս˵
ţ϶Ҷһ֪ţ϶Ǹһɽկɽ֪ôģȻƼұۣͬţ϶һҲСľصû뵽սʵͻͽ˹
ҶսۡҶսһЦ幫ȴ˵ˣɱţ϶ģǴ磬ǳ
һ˻ɱŽ׸֣Ҷ˵һҶŵʵˣ
Ҷʱȴе㲻˼ˣţ϶̫Уҡ
Ž֮ϣƴʵʵʵһ߰˽׵ĸ֣͵ϮҲδƵ˾Ž׸ǿʵĻһ˵οŽ׸ֶҶ
ҶңҶͷпصǳҶұӴ٣Ҷұһ󹦳ҸϽߣƼұȻʧأӦòưոݵģҪ׼
ҶұڣҽȻæµš
ҶԼǬĵҩ˳ַˡ
ʲôҩôûҶսҶս۵Ҷݸǵĵҩɻʵ
ǵҩƵƷҩ
ҶĻһȻ󲨣ȻƷҩӴģǾ֮һƷҩ⻹ǵһμƷôߵȼĵҩ
еĵҩҶսۡҶս飬ССһöҩҶұʮĲҲδ
Ǹǵ𣿡ҶսСʵ
ҪõһЩַ˰ɡҶսҲĵҩЩ֡
ʮ˱ϣõҩ´ʦʶЩҩǴʦģǳ⣬ǸϽ°ɣʵҪǵİΣҪءҶڰֵи˼䣬ҶսҲ̫ûˣŵҩͰųôСǰţʵϣҶҲǷǳŵܷӶ
ⶫҪ߼ҩʦϲƣ߼ҩʦƵĻɹʷǳͣһ㶼ҩԲٵһ¯ҩҪʮ죬һ¯ǧöǧöȻô࣬ҩڵôһ̯һЩȥһЩҲûˣÿһöǼֵǣҶұС壬ôõõһö
ҶַĿŵʣһţҶڸԱչ˸׵ҶY
YšҶöҶY
Ҷ磬YҪҶYһЦ峺ؿҶܿҶƽˡ
Ҷô˵ҶYƾܣҶ룬YòϣYǿ壬һҶֻˣöҶҶתҶսӥöϴ赤ҶֱҶ诺ҶɣҶսˣûд󰭡
ﻹһЩ幫ַ˰ɡ
ôǴģҶҶӹһǬ֮󿴵ǧöȵʵʦûиôֶʦּ𣬿϶ǲмһ˵ġ


62 ӱ
ǴƼұõġҶЦЦӻó幫Ƽұ֮֡似ܲõϣ
Ƽұ֡似
ȻؿҶΣܶӻûת
ĪǳϴƼұı⣿ҶŻ𾪵ʵҶӹǼ飬ȷʵֺûпھǬıԵҲǺȻһ֡
ǵġҶͷ룬ȴûаѰ
õҶȷϣҶɫŹ֣ڱﲻסЦȻѼ幦似ȫˣСӸѪ˰ɣܾû˳شЦˡ
뵽֪Լʧ˼幦似֮飬˶ٸнˣҶұһֱƼұѹһ죬ܹü
⹦似ȫ΢оһ£취ƽ⣬ԺڸƼұ˽ֵʱ򣬾ռˡЩ似ڼ屦棬żóһ£ҲǴкôҶսһԵһǴľϲνǽϡ
ҶսһᣬָһЩҶ˵ĶԻͷҲĸм
ףˣȥϢɡҶһҶYYȰչˣȰæˡҶҶս죬ٵҪһֲִС
ţҶİɡҶYЦŵ˵ͷ
ȷʵǳˣҶսοˣﲻʲôæҲͲˣڋYĲ֮£ȥ
е涼Ҷұڵصؽаãս֮Ҳæһ˵ǣÿ˶õһЩҩսֱˡҶҶˣҲõһöٿԼӿƵȬ
ڽŵؾΣ𾯽һҲûзɣǿѲߡ
Ƽұ
ոյõϢҶұһʧܣţ϶Զսʱۣҧÿֱ죬û뵽ҶұɣʧŽ׸ֵ֣ܣ
ȷûпţ϶ҶСɱģոϢʱ򣬻ΪԼˡ
ҶұʱСһֱںɽϹ۲죬ȷʵҶСɱ˶ţ϶ŭӣһƼұսսص
˳𲻱ĲΪˣսȭͷǿѹеŭò侲
ҶҶսҶҶұڿŽ׸֣
뵽Ҷһ˿⣬쬵ģĪҶСӻʵɣСʵٶʵ̫ˣĪСҲ־ţ
Ա󽫣طЩˣҲǲˣŽ¸û㹻֣ѵԴУ룬ֻܰϢֿȶֿǱߵĸֹٶԸҶұˣձϣĸֿ㵽ֻ£ƼұˣǿƼұĽ䱸ڵҲòҶұ˴ˡ
ҶұһæµȥǶˣһݣһȥⱯˡ
һж׵֮Ҷұƽ
֮Уһ飬սû˵ϵˣȫμӡ
ҶսûڣҶҶ˼λϣһڴλ֮ϣҶЩǿһǣȴûиоκεĲףҶڼ֮еĵλٲȻѾҶս졢Ҷƽ
ҶҶս졢ҶһǼػҶʮʵѾﵽŽףҶұҫ
壬峤һɱƼұɣһսֱȺ鼤ߵص
ƼұҶұˣСˣ
ƼұʧŽ׸֣ҲŽ׸˻ȥŽ׸Ҳ֪ʲô·ټˣҶұɱƼұȥҲʧءһЩǵص
㲻˰ɣ
ôˣҪֻһˣˣҶô࣬ҪɱƼұûУǸɫǺ
˻һҶұƼұݣ
һǼҵ磬ּ
ôҶҶ
Ҷ䣬һֹͣȫҶһˣһڵ϶üҶѾҶҵ峤Ҷ´ǶԥӣҶҵѵҶڣ峤Ȼʵ۵á
ڴҶҲенһǵĿ֮УҶˣԼĻҶұھжķ
Ĵ󵨵˵ɡҶҶص
Ҿãӱʮ겻Ƽұ˥䣬Ҷұ𣬴˳ҪɱƼұҲҪ幫׻мλ˵ҩ˵Ҷ˼кܶ౤峤Ҷұͣ£һˣܻҶұȫٹƼұ˾ѶֿµĸֶҲ׶Ҷұˡ
ҶĻһ˳˼֮С
˵òӱʮ겻һڣ˱չҪɱƼұȰʵ˽˵ȻȥҶĿɨһˡ


63 ŭɽ
Ƿ׷׵ͷҶһлǺϵġ
ղһǾﲻͣسҰ¸ˣһ飬ʮ˱ϣͨʦĲԣʦó츳ˣټҩ£ҩĵӣ˵ʮʮ֮Ҷұһҩ𣡡Ҷһ˵ţϹԺЦݣʱȻоĳȡ
һǶסˣҩǶʱӲã۹˿ڣ壬ҲͳһҩѣҶҵһҩ⽫Ǻεҫ飿
壬𣿡ҶսʵЩˣףһҩζʲô
ĪһƭǲɣҶɫһ塣
壬Ҳ˼ҶսϽҶϵЦ⣬ͷһɣ뵽ʲôˬʵعЦ
ֲ峤ʦô൤ҩԭ峤ǱʦѡˣǽԶϲ
ˣɢ˰ɣҶұ䣬ʱʮ˱жֿ峤Ҳǻȥ׼׼ɣڼ䱤ڵѲҲиҶ˰ֵ
һ۷׷ףϴϲһԶɢȥܿأҶҩΪӵϢҶұҶұĺܶǷ׷ϲܶԷȣڱȼʱҪּ֡
һҲۻˣȥϢһ°ɡҶҶԴص
ţ幫ҲȥɡҶ
ȫɢȥ˵ģԻȥˡ
ҶصԼסһսĶ࣬ͻ߽ףﵽ˰˽ף鿴һȻ֮ǰһһ嵽˰˽׶壬˵ʲôʱͻƾŽˡȽ⣬ҶҲ֪Լʵﵽʲô̶ȣȻӲԼһȭĪԼʵ幫ӽﵽ˾Žڣ
뷨Ҷͷһ£Ҫ֪幫͸׶ĿһĴڣһԼʵҲǳƽˣʵʵ̫ˣһʱ仹ûӦֱ仯
һۼϵİ꣬սţ϶ʱ򣬻ʹùȣеήҵӣҶڵע뵽˰ڣ껺ػָ˹
ҶһһµǰΪڶսţ϶ʱҶȻƷ似ڻͨﵽ˴ͨ磬Ҫһ似Բ磬ҪǷεУôƷˣҶǬĵڶҳһӳ
Ǭڶʽŭɽӡ
һʽŭɽӣƷ³似似ǿ̶ȣԶƷ죡ķȫһ㣬һƺʯڻ¡
һʽŭɽһ˿ϵ似ζ
ҶĬŭɽӵĿھμģоϲһĬ
ҶЩѽţΪʲôһƷ似Ҫ꣬似ǶܺŭɽһʽҲøӵȥò˶˰õôʱ䣿
ҪҶս졢Ҷ֪Ҷʱ룬ƶҪѪˡ
˾쳽ԭҶֹһΣЩ似ա
ҹҶұָֻյһսڵƽʱɭˡ
СԺڣҶڲݴ֮дһɹɾ߻Ʋȥ֮еһ㣬ҶԱߵİ꣬ڴڵЩƤëںҹ֮зӨӨĹβں󷽲ͣذڶ֪ʱƨϾֳһë׵Сβӵβһǳ̡
ͣҶɢϵϢҶԽԽӽҶˡ
أҶ뵽һľ統УܻƮϿ׵ıʿʿ֮ǰӸߴǿ׳Ҷ֪ʿֻһӰûκιһֵ˷ܵǣ꣬Ǳʿ·һ˿ʵơ
֪ʵ֮Σûйʵ֮йս֮У˵յ벻Ч뵽ͷɫǱԼܣǰʲôΡ֮ϡŹֵĴʣⶫҲǿҵĺ档
ܱɢķΧҲǰˣܹԲҵĵطȫ֮£ԶĿԶƺԼؿƼұǳģԶʱЩĸоҶ˻䵽Եİϣź⣬ڰҶһ˿ľĸоҶԸоڻѿ֮УԼôһ˿׽֮⣬Ϣһģһǿľ
ĪǰڵҲ˸Ƶꣿ
ʱǲЩˣҶǱ˵֮һУڵͻͽš
ʱɿƣңҶչ³һڵֺʵ˼֣֪ʱܹ嵽ŽסҶţһֱĶǾŽ׸֣ȴ֪ʮôģ˵ʮ׸ܹɨֿʮ֪֮ʲôһ־硣
֪Һʱܹﵽʮ׸ֵľ硣ҶţһԲӣǵ


64 ໢
Ҷվûˬͷһ۰ֻ꣬۾ںҹ֮ȻؿԼ
֨֨һ¿ɰСצӡ
ҸһҶұȥҪȥʲôףҾȻܶһЩ˼ҶЩɻģ֪Ҫʲô룬սԭᵽϣԵʰɡ
ⶫ̫ˡ
ԼȥģĪǻȥϼң룬ԼͰʵŽ׸ֻޣҲʲô⣬ӻпܵġ
ţѾɿسҶұ񱼶ȥ
ҶϽϣһһ޵Ӱɿӹ
ʲôˣһͺȴӰӸΧҶұһ֣ʵҡ
ҡҶڵķǰ˺ܶ࣬ǾŽ׸ǱҲᱻ֡
¹⣬һ˿Ҷ÷ǳ峤
ҶѲһòˡ΢΢һ̣Ȼ治ɫصǼֵҹɣȥٿ
ҶĿ佱⼸Ե÷ǳ
ҶӣһֻӳҶұ
峤ʮѾоŽ׳ڵʵˣֱǶֿѵһľţ
һս峤һȭͰˣѾŽ׳ڶֹ˰ɡ
ѵ峤Ѿ幫һǾŽˣ
һǿҶıӰǳ羴֮ɫһ죬Ҷһʵˡ
ӳҶұ⣬Ҷһ峤ǲõѹ̫ˣ幫͸װ峤֮λǿԼͷϣŲԸ⵱峤Ȼһ峤֮ڵĴС£ǿ幫͸׽ҲֵУרͺˡٹ꣬Ҫ뿪ֿǰ۶ҩѧϰϣƼұܹɡ
ಣ߷ХԸľɿӹҶڰĺһ·񱼡
ף·ϴ·е㲻̫һҶɻ겻׼ؼң֪ȥ
أһһ޽ɽʱ޺˷
Ѿ뵽˽֮УƬҶ֮ǰδ
һ·ɱҶûü룬ȥһ·죬ǰ濴ȥһֻͽ˶ϻͨ죬Ѫֻ۾Ĺ⣬ſڲݴ֮У׼ʳֻϻҶĸ֪Χڣͷ͵һ𣬾Žޣ໢һͷ໢ʵ൱Žڸ֣Ҫǿϼ֣
໢ʳΧãΣգҶϽӿٶȣǱ߳˹ȥ

һĺХͷŽ໢͵سȥ
Ҷͷһѣȴವһ£໢Ĺһ㣬ͷ໢˻Сצӡ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ȻʧЦǹңʵҲ൱˵ģ֮ǰβʱͨ˽׸ָκβѾʼβͣʵӦôеĻͼΪ˵ƶٶȣ򲻹໢໢Ҳκβ
һ룬Ҷſģһ·ȥ
Ҷ໢ˣתİ꣬ವһ£ڵҶļϡ
໢ˣץ꣬ŭʱ򣬷ְɿ˳ȥһļϣվסŲؿҶѪڣͺоҶϣ͸һ־Ϣ
Ž׵໢ҶҲԵ÷ǳ໢ʵţ϶ЩҪǿˣͲ幫ļ
Ҷڿ˼ƣתڵľڻϵԴԴϵӿ໢Ҫһսˡ
꣬ɰҸˡҶЦڵʵԸŽڵ޻ǲһЩ
֨֨˵Щʲô
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ʵշ
СԴ˵㣬ˮһ˿˷ܵɡ
ҶȻˣ꣡˵ܹ׵ؿޣ֪꣬ܲܿ໢Լʵ໢ҪͣܿƵ
룬һ˵
Ҷͺһǿ곯໢Χ˹ȥ
໢һһƽͻȻоһǿĻɨŵֱôǿĻֻЩ˵е޲ŻӵС
߶µվҶˡ
ϻǰǸϰ֮ȴ㲻ʲôбǿ̫ˣһֻŽ׵໢Ҳ൱˵õġ
໢һ֪ԼĻ֮󣬾ȻŵȴһҶе㾪ȣµģǻ仰һ㶼ûһֱ໢Ժ֮У໢ĻȻֻȭͷС
ԭ޵Ļôһ㣬֮ǰͷɫǣҲ˲֪٣ͷɫӦһֻˣ
޵Ļֻô㣬ӦǷǳ׿ƵģҪôܿ໢


65 ѸӰױ
Ķ䶶һ£ҪЩʲô˼
ԭҶеˣԼֳһ໢Ļ֮УֻҪԼָʾǵᱬ໢ͻ
ǵ໢Ļ֮ҶԼ˻ʲô뷨ҲͨԼĻϢݸ໢
һ֮Ҷһǰȥͷԭȱ뺷ޱȵ໢˳ſ˵ϣβ͸߸нҡΡ
ҶԸܵ໢ĳ֮⣬дΪϲ໢ʵ൱еľŽڸ֣ҶұƾնһŽڵĳ֣һͲҳϵ֣̫ˬˣֱԼĸǣҶ̲ס걧ڰϺݺݵһ¡
ȫƤë˲̺죬ֻСèֺˡ
꣬ѱֻޣҶѱ޿ܼ򵥵ӣֻҪֳһͿˡ
ֺצָͷ˶
ֻǲˡҶЦЦ
ҡҡͷ˻צָͷ˶
һֻҶеơ
żػ˻Դֺצ
ֻֻҶɻţֱ˵ֻʱ򣬰ŵ˵СԴŰֺצҶЩˣÿΰҪָͷǷཱུצӣָͷôҲ£űⷬģҶЩʧЦ
ֻޣҲ㹻ˡҶ˷ܵصҶұҪƾնŽ׵Ļܲ˷ܡ
Ҷǰ໢ĺ󱳣໢൱׳;޴޲ǵֻ壬ѾѷɫʩչŽ׸ˣ໢ʱ򣬻һȻĻ
໢̫鷳ˣʲôأҶһ£Ƚϼ򵥵ְɣԺͽëɡ
໢˳ޱȣҶٲȻǳ޵ĴڣҷҶֱѾԺҶµһ˿ҪҶһ˿ɡ
Щ޲࣬ôӵǻֻۣһͷҶԺˡ
꣬ǼȥҵڶֻްɡҶ˷ܵصŰɽзɱֻ໢ظҶĺ档
ɽСʱŽϵһֱû֣˽׶ĵǷ˼ֻѾ˾Ž׵໢ȥץ˽׵޾̫ˣϾֻץֻޡ
ٹһҪˣ룬ǵʱٹҰɣһҶұɱһɨʱһɫӰǰĲݴԼһӶҶѸٵΪϲһֻŽ׵ѸӰױѸӰױٶƣжףһ׹ǰа˽׵ѸӰױҶұ˺üˣ׳ֲŽˣǧ˾ȻûֻѸӰױץסɱǱˡ
׷һֻ߽޵ѸӰױվ첻Ҷ꣬Ҷ֮󣬸໢һҲſڵɴҶˡ
ҶӶѸӰױԱߣſڵϵѸӰױ΢΢һЦСˣݵصˣԺűĺģ֪ʲôһֳνҲûʲô
ѸӰױӦҶһѾѸӰױĻϣѸӰױҲҶĻ
ͽжëˣʱСë
ѸӰױշҶһɫѾˣûҶұˣһ£ôëͶëɽ֮أǴҶұ룬Ժǰ۶ҶұҪ˵Ὣë߶ëҶұǳǸǶһ°ɡ
ҶһԱߵ໢ѸӰױȥҶұҶұǱļңҪǸҶұˣǵƤԣ
໢ѸӰױǾŽޣеͨˣҶĻһ£ͷ˼ڻشҶĻ
ҲңԺڵʱҪҶҵˣ֪ûУҶĴëͶëĺ󱳣߰ɣر
ոץֻŽ׵ޣ൱Žڵĸ֣ҶҲ˷ܡ
΢¶ҶұΧĳǽϣǽмصѲߣǳԶĿԶһͷ໢ѸӰױһ·
Ҷұӳ
֪ͨ峤޳֣
һѸٵؾۼҶҶսҲɱҶֻ˵ˣһ֮ˣҶսϢһϣеҩҲָɵʵ
ûпʲôޣҶսѯһˡ
ԶԶؿһͷ໢һֻѸӰױͣǾŽ׵ģ
ҶҶս˾һ˺ȻŽ׵໢ֻǾŽ׳ڵģҲ൱ھŽڵʵһֻŽ׵ѸӰױ͸Ѳˡ
໢ѸӰױһ㶼Ƕô۵һȥˣҶɻʵδҲ̫ˡ


66 ˵ޣ
Ҳ֪ȥˣҶսȻ֣⾯ӶôãûйΪ峤ǺܲӦõģһüͷϽԸˣȥ峤
һ׵ַɿسҶСԺȥ
󲮣໢ѸӰױмһˣ̫Զˣ
ˣҶȻ໢ѸӰױôһ𣿡Ҫ֪໢ѸӰױʳԵޡ
˶еţҶҶս˷׷ϳǽԶȥȷʵһֻ໢һֻѸӰױһ·ͣǾŽ׵ģЩǳɽ޴򽻵еģ˺ȻǼĿԶ໢ѸӰױм䣬ȷʵһˣ
ҶΪȽϸĿãǱ߿ȥ֮һŵ飺ǳ
ʲôǳôܣҶսؿһҶҲƴسǱ߿ȥЩģǳûǼϵİ׵㣬ĿӦֻСè
ǳûдҶս۾ȷԼûпôֻһ𣿡ǿֻŽޣҶսе㵨սľֻŽ޷ʲôĺ
Ҷһ·ҶұȥΪ˱⾪Ҷұˣ˽ŲЩǳԼƴػ֣Ҫ֪ԼҶұľӻǵƲѣЩôþˣѵһ㶼Լ
ôԶҶȻܹؿǽϵǣЩǣҶôõĿ㿴ҲǷǳģԵ໢ѸӰױʵ̫Ŀˡ
ȷҶǽϵ峤ôֻŽһ
ɸ˹ȥʳ⵽ô£ҶɨһۣĿԱһ׵ϣҶƽȥڳǽϾ䣬໢ѸӰױҶұô꾭޽ǻ൱оġ
Ҷƽе㵨սľǿ໢ѸӰױһȥʱ໢ѸӰױͻȻô죬룬Ȼ峤໢ѸӰױһӦûʲôģ㵨еģȻôοԼȻ߳ҶұţҶǱȥ
ҶǽӿһЩŲ
ҶƽҸ׺幫ǰҶұĴŴ򿪡ҶԶԶغ
ǸҶƽ˸ҶҲһԶ໢ѸӰױһ·ļƣе˫ȴҪ˵ǼٵģϴͷŽ׵ĶϮҶұ龰ĿҶôΧôˣŽɱɼŽ׵Ǻεȿֲ
峤ôֻŽ޻̫ΣˣǽҶұҶƽЩ໢ѸӰױԽԽˣ㵨ӴģһЩСļ໢ѸӰױ־Žޣŵƨܵˡ
ɽ֮Ȼ޺УŽ޻൱ٵģھɽߣǸеᵽŽ޵Ŀֲ߽װ˽׵ޣֻܸŽӣ
໢ѸӰױֻʮףҶƽоԼҪֹͣˡ
ҶҶƽеţվסŲҶƽ㲻Ҫ£ǴëͶëģǲ˺ġ
峤ⲻʲôëë໢ѸӰױ㻹ǸϽǸϻɽȥɡҶƽֱ޳ˣ峤ʵǿᣬܹù໢ѸӰױǱ˴򲻹һ໢ѸӰױҶұԴô죿
ҶƽӣҶȻʧЦҪǽֻŽޣеѵģҿ׺幫ô˵ɣȥҸף˵ֻ໢ѸӰױѾѱˣҵĳ˵ġ
ãȥҶƽɴ⣬ҲƵܻҶұȥˡ
ǽ֮ϣҶƽĻҶ˶סˡ
˵໢ѸӰױѱˣĳôҶҶսˣ⳽ÿÿо֮٣ǵͣһᣬھȻָֻŽ޳
շδҲ̫ˣ˵һЩ˽޵ץȥЩ޴С͸һ𳤴󣬽ĥϵԣָӣʱʱᷢɽгɳޣһ쳣ҰѱܽѱҲҪüʱ䣬ʱʱһЩ⣬£Ҳֻ۹ĹǲŻɣҴҶұûӣ
Ҫ໢ѸӰױĻҶұǶŽڵĸ֡Ҷս۾صԸðӡ
ҿˣһ໢ѸӰױˣǿƲסҶսۼæҶս뷨̫Σˡ
һֱĺܶٶҲ׽͸ҶұҲһ˵ѱ໢ѸӰױһѡǱѱˣ໢ѸӰױֻôԸһ𣬿ʹˣҶս˼Ƭ̵Ϊ˰ȫóȽ໢ѸӰױڳǽɡ
ǿȹ۲һ£ֻ໢ѸӰױ᲻ˡҶҲͷ


67 ëë
໢ѸӰױֻڳǽĿյͣҶҶս˴ӳǽԾ£Ҷ˹
ҶҶս죬ֻŽ޵ʱже㷢ɽߣŽޣҲΨֱ֮
ҶҶսСߵ໢ѸӰױ׵λãȫ䱸Ψ໢ѸӰױˡ
ǴʲôطֻŽ޵ģǵĻҶսʵĿ⿴ǰ;޴໢ѸӰױ𺳲ѣǰǿޣҲֻҶұڵĶᣬʱȫΧƷˣǿҶĺڻҩɵģȻǵʵˣֻŽޣǺѹġ
ҶҶսľսӣҶʧЦ룬޵Ŀ缸ģһʱҪıǵĹҲǱȽѵģôǽܴëͶë
ȻҰѱǲָӵġҶʶ廿ޣǹһųˡ
幫ףȷʵģҶ˻֣Ե໢ѸӰױëë£幫ҸףǿɸҼסˣԺǵĻ͸ҵĻһҪ֪𣿡
Ҷ䣬໢ѸӰױܿؾͶȥ۰Ͱ͵ؿҶҶҶս졣
ҶҶս⣬Ž˵ѾһЩǣҪȴ൱ѵģҶôģ
ǰֻ໢ѸӰױǺȷʵһⶼûУǵƺ͸һЩֺõ˼ҶҶս춼ǲԼˡ
ʲôѱǵģҶʵŵ߽һЩ
Ҷһ£ⶫȴǲ˵Ҫ˵࣬һЩķԺٸǡųֻûǵǾԲ˵ġ
Ҷô˵ҶҶսҲ׷ˣſ໢ѸӰױ
ǽϵҶǶ̽ͷţҶҶս콥໢ѸӰױǵ඼ǻˡֻȻûжҶҶսκε⣬һԶ˷ܵš
ֻ޺Ĳˣ
в˵ޣֻǵûзɣ
峤˵ǲˣ϶ˣ峤
Ҳţ
ǽ֮£Ҷӽ໢ִ໢Ƥë໢ͷҶΪ໢Ҫôȫ䱸ȴ໢ǰͷ⣬ڨڨһЦ
ҶҶսֱ໢ѸӰױƤë֮еĿ־֮С˺ܶࡣ
ֻ໢дëѸӰױжëëëҶһ䣬໢ԭش˸ѸӰױԲ̫ʲô˼ţĽų졣
㵹Ľų졣ҶЦ˳
ѸӰױһͰ͵ؿҶȻû׵ʲô˼
˹˳ޣҵǵһμҶҶսӶɵˣǣǽϵһҲϡ档
ֻŽޣܰҶұսǽǶô˵һ飬ҶҶսдΪ𶯣սҶұٲؾƼұˣԶֿѹҲСܶࡣ
ҶɵһȺ˳ǽ
ôˣҶҶɵ߹ǳ
幫໢ѸӰױţ»Ҷɵ˶޵Ŀ־֮ûôǿ˵Ĵ󣬶ֻŽ޳˺档
峤Ĳ𣿡ҶеԾԾԵӡ
İɣûҵǲˣҶЦЦ
ҶɡҶ˷׷໢ѸӰױȷ໢ѸӰױˣһ˷ܣ˺ض໢ѸӰױȥ໢ѸӰױſеʱͷˡ
Ҿôëëֲֻ໢Ӧýа컢
ѸӰױأ
ȫǻɫģôϸдƷˡ
һ㶼ǴëëãҶɵСԣһ²š
ʱǽϵҲͲסˣ׷Χֻۣ̾Ž޻䣬ڶСӶˣҲ಻ס׷ȥ໢ѸӰױ˳ǾͲô־ˡ
ЩǵĽ̶ܳȻǷǳߵģò˶ãëͶëӦþ뵽Ҷұ֮УҶԶ㣬ǸëëӴԸܵëͶëĲһҲĴëͶë᲻
ֻŽսΣҶʵëͶë˳е㻳ɴëͶëսˡ
幫ǵսԲκξŽڵĸ֣Ҷ϶ص
ҶұƾնŽڵĸ֣Ҷϲ̵ģⶫֿڣĸֻŽ
ս죬ȥŪιһιëëҶֺǺǵˣŲ˼֡


68 
ҶսҲ൱˵ӣֻŽڵޣҶұŽ׵ĸ֣ҶŽڣôҶұĸŽڸ֣Լ֮ǰһսҲͻƣƾŽˣʱŽڸ֣ⷽԲ֮ڣҶұǵ֮ĵһ塣
Ҷұ䣬ʱֿϰٸ嶼ǰأȥҪ׼׼Ҷұúõ׳һ׳ƣҶұܾûôˣҶս־صԶ˿ëëҶұſȴǲףںԺٳһطǴѣ
ҶұԶϲ֮УʱһһϲѶҶұڼҼһܵ˽ı仯Ҷĸ¼ҶһҶұĿеĵλԶڽ
Ҷұһ죬໢ѸӰױҶұʱ˸ģò˷ܣҶұĴŵƽʣ͸ϲ졣
ڶ죬ֻôһʱҶұǱɱ򣬱ڵĽֵϵǻԾˡ
ҶҶսҲæµˣҶʲôֻһԿţż֡
϶ϲ
˵мʮ峤ء
ӦòֹɣϾ峤ҩΪͽ˲õĴ£Բ֮ڵļ壬ӦöذɡǰҶұô
Ǹ˵ĻеļȻ£ܹҶұĻԻͣǾҲĿˡ
˵ûϴëͶëȻҶǼСѲһϡ
ëë
ɲǣҸȥ
Ҷұ绹൱ӵģ˭ǺãǱ˭ͷΣֻҲһ
Ҷұ˳ӣһŵӣѾҶұˣҶұⷽԲҶΪҩĵӣ˵ֿҪΨҶұհҶұף䣬ĸҵ
Ҷұ֨ѽһˣҶұǰĳļҶǶˣҶұǰɽ˺һͷҵүöˣ
źöӣ룬ǵİ
һᣬһص˿ʼҶұ
ңɺһһ顢֥ʮꡢʮꡢʮ캮һꡭһҶ˸
ȴһƱһǴֱʣ죬б͵ĻҪģЩΨԼ͵ˡ
ңһݡʮйһöۼһһᣬǸҶ˿񵥣Ǹ
һ
ҾȻѣ
񵥵ļҶԽԽ˷ܣЩ͹ǺĺöҶҼҲδõ٣һмԺѡ
һһ˽ҶұЩ͹ȫתƽҶҲر֮УҶұήҲ񣬲رտҲȴһһĺö϶ˡ
ҶҶսҲܲѡ
ҡЩ壬͵ĶȽϧЩСʵڴղ񵥣ѾҲ֮Уеһöһһö
ͳһ£һʮ͵ĶСر⣬ҶұûôҶڱߣһǰͦأü
͵ȫ֮ѾĸСʱЩȫҶұڣһӶҶұߵļסլ棬ס࣬󲿷ֻȴĹ㳡ϣһЩ峤ǽҶҼ֮С
Ҷף·Щ峤ȻЩڶֿоأҶôţԵ̩Ȼ
λ˸СҶѾҶҵ峤ҶսԴ˱ȭлλ峤ԶҶұԡ
սˡڶ౤峤׷׻Ҷ峤Ϣ˵ô˾ȣǼǳһţǿ϶ҲȲ峤λϣ
ǿһ۶׵Ҷһ˿ʺĽôԼûһţϰٸǰأҶұǷޣ
Щһ׷Ҷս졢Ҷʽ׽
ҶսɨˣһЩ峤ʶǿϤˣ֮Уط˾ȻҲȻУĵڨЦţҶս΢΢ʩ
ҶսҲᣬĿ䵭ɨ⼸ǽͷһҪúôһȻطƼұҶұҲûҪ̫ࡣܰЩȫƵƼұǱȥ
λʱʱҶұ˾ϯ͹⣬һСʱңǲΡҶսЦЦ
Ǿ߶ˣ˷׷Ӧ
ڶ౤ǽҶս졢ҶҶսΧˮйͨҶս˰Ӧš
ҶûȴֵУôˣͷˣҪȥӦĻˡ
ҶĿһҶɨԶĽҶY׿һɫĳȹһɣˣҶĿͶһЦ


69 ɽף
ҶYЦżִҶЦСӵڿЦһ㡣ôһĳ棬ȷʵе롣
ҶͻȻܵһ˿ϢһݣǻϢ֪ǺηʥȻҿ̽ҶͷųԼ꣬һ׵ıʿҶ󷽵ȻѸٵܿ㳡һֲ·ˣ˴ʮ߰ң룬ĸߴ
ɢһϢǿȱҶ֮ǰĺɫǻҪǿԼ껹̫ˡ
ĪһﲻࣿҶü˵ܹεģ뵽곯Ǹ˰Χȥ
Ǹ˵Ļܵ޴ѹȣԶȥϿյ֮Уһ׵ıʿŭʱɫףȶһ£ϽҶڵķ¡
£ԭ£²޶⡣˶ŵ˵ˡ
ǺˣԺηҶ괫һ˿ѶϢȥЩһԼǳ־ӣȻһһԼϳ֪ǲǸֻɫһġ
Сһֻɽףڸոյʦ磬ʨĳ١Ǹ˻صǿ־֮ɫ
ʦ磬ʨĳ٣ҶǸ˵ĻüЩްԼ룬ӦǱȽϺõģɴװˣȻҪװЩû취ˣ˵ʦ絽ʲôһ־磬ʨôһ¡
֪Ϊλ켣м䣬ʨʨҪǰʨһΪʨĹ֪ǷԸ⣿
ʨʲô磿
ʨѾ۷ˡ
ԭҲ磬ǾûʲôµˣʲôʨҲ׷ҶܾȥתҵĻʨллĺ⣬һһЩδˣȥʨ
ǣ£ʨ´һЩı⣬Ըȥʨʱݡ˵ĨĨͷϵĺ˵ӣ磬ǿϲŭ޳ֱܰɱˣʨҲΪһ
ҶһתʲôʨӦҪύ˼ȻﶼˣҶ϶ҪЦˣҪǻؾǶԷ졣
ԭصţ˴ҶصȻαװҪװһЩġ
ҶĻ¶ϲı飬ҶԸʨĶǽʨĺ⣬ͳȥˣͺûȥˣϾʨҲû취仰Ͱһʨ
ΧֿʹȻؿǰˣɻһòǸɵӰɣһ˵Īͨһˣɫס˵һĪĻҲǳǰ濴˿ǰѹûʲô˰һģ˰ɣ
ǸظվҲĿ⣬վԭصţһᣬһҶ˹ĿѰһϡ
ɣҶƽӻ֣żӵ峤ǸˣӦþ˰ɣҲ˵תȥ
ǣͷˡǸĵؽ磬ɲΣСظǸҶ˵ĺ档
ɵӾȻҶұˣô£Щ췢黹Ī
Ҷ˼ţʨʲô·˿ϵİ꣬Ǹʲôɽ׵˿ԻεĽ׶ΣʵӦñȰǿ˲٣֪ʲôʱܻΣѧﲻţҪǻˣ᲻ǸŮҲֻˡ
֪ʲôʵǴﵽòҪβУԼɵǸʿֻӰѣûʲôʵʵսԺǾΪãҪǱ˾鷳ˡ֪쳽᲻Ὣ껯ɵıʿʵʣ
겻֪ʲôˣֻҪԼαװĵӦûǲҶģ
ֻɽ׸ԼʨҲ֪ʲô
˻໥Ӧ꣬ѹ֪Ҷֻɽ֮Ļ
ͻȻһҶ˼Ҵҵ˽
峤ʮ˴洳סǸ˽صмǾŽ׸֡
һڱ峤΢΢һ㶣Ҷұϲӣ˭ôۣڵҶұͷ˭ҪҶұǲôڳǸı峤Ҷսһ£Ⱥ֮ԷʮŽ׸ҲŻȥ
Ҷս΢䣬ǰ濴ȥֻһʮİ˳ֱһ䣬ȵ˵ҴҶұҶսס
ⶫֿκһط߾ߣҶս죬Ҷұôĵӣ˱ȻӼݣ
ĪǶֿˣ


70 췴
˵ĲǶֿһʮˣһɫĳۣһȣⲽ
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Ƕֿӣ
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ؽͷҲˡ
ؽͷǿ֮µ֣˵ѾǾŽ׶ʵˡ
Žں;Ž׶忴ֻôһ㣬ʵȴرһֵŽ֮󣬿ܼʮһӶ޷ﵽŽ֮ԽԽ죬ֿڣŽ׶ǿ߲߰˶ѡ
۷׷ףһȻ飬ĿȻѵɨˣͬһ㣬֮ǰڸҶţӵĴŵ񣬾ͣس߸Ϲˡ
ҶЩˣ΢΢ϸû°ﴳ߲ƣ
˸ţֿ϶Ҳ°ݷһǶֿЭƼұԸҶұҶս¹ҩʱ򣬽˿ìǲɵͣ㶫ֿǱҪͽ⣬Ҷұ˿ҲһֱǺġ
ⶫֿŽ׶ŽڵŽ׳ڵľŸʵֿκһ嶼һ壬Ҿ˵үڳҲˣʱҶұܹǵġ
СүСүһڼ塢΢΢ϣһѰ˼ˣǶֿҶұ˳ͻӦðıߣ
ҶұȻһţܹΪǿߣҲδģֿһŭ֮£ҶұܾͻᱻΪƽأҩǱҲ˳֣Ϳôչˡ
Ҷڴǰ΢Щ˵ϣһŽ׶塢ŽڡŽ׳ڣ඼ǰ˽׵ģǸʲôСүҲѾǰ˽׶׶ˡ
Ҷұ֣ȻҸεʱҪ󡣡Ӷȣ߽˴֮УЦŵ
СүԶҶұʤңˣСүҶô˵Ѱ˼ŶԲߣҶұô峤ڳʵԶѷڶֿҲơ
ĿֱӴǰҶϣ۾һУһ˿֮ɫҶ峤ôĵӣ˱ӭӣ
СүҶұǶֿȻСүû°ôȥӭӣҶصʢ˵ӣҶǲ죬ôҶҵģҶҲø
øݣĿɨҶˣҶұνľŰɣҶұ̫磬ûгΪʮǿ֮ǰⶫֿҸ˵㡣Щ壬ҸĹϽ֮ڣڼ׾һݲ
һ峤ͱǶҴǻֿʵ̫ǿˣ˶֮⣬߽׵ĺڼҲһǧˣҶұھ͸ֿԣ൱Σյġ
ҶҶս˽ȭͷȻңȷʵַֿܸѹҶұĻҵҪһ
СүϢŭҶһʮĺӣ¡ԱҼԲЦǺǵص
ĸУһȥҸǣÿ˶ˣЩ壬ֻҪǼĻҵⶫֿڣ͸ҹԹԵģߺߡһһ㶼ˡ
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ָԼҶɫ࣬ץŷ֣ӿҪǰ˵ŭˣ뿪Ҷұǣһֿ֣϶һΧҶұͲˡ
ǣҶұԲ
һ峤ǶˣֿҶұҶұϹ˳ҲͰˣϹ˳ܾҪˡҶұ˳˶ֿֿ˵ҪһЩķҶұ˵ֿĺڼӣÿ˶ҪһҩһòҩͻԺڼӶԶֿǳҳϡҶұǱƣһҲ뷭
ֿʵ̫ǿˣǷҶұܻ֮ܿ֡
Լ翪ʼҶұֶѣǱƼұѹƣȲչʵҶұƼұĶֿ
ѵҪǰͷôܣ
һһ˲ؽͷ˶ҶһҶˣе㽣ŵζҶٲǾͳˣ
һڱ峤Ƕ˵ˣڶֿǿ֮£ҲòͷаţҶұٿֵʲôزҶұϹ˳ֿ϶Ҫˡ
ϧҶңŸոһ˿ʢͷ¾Ҫ֮ˣڱ峤ݣǼг˾ţ³Ҳһ
Ҫʵ˵
һһƽҶһ˿ɱ⣬ؽͷҶ飬һŽ׶ֵӿڳ˶о˳صѹȡ
Ҷұ췴ضҶЦҵҪҶұû


71 ʮ׸֣
Ҷϵİŭˣбɡ
սһ
ͺһͷɫľ޻һͷɫԱӴ˽
໢ѸӰױһڱ峤ǵһ׷׺ˣ໢ѸӰױǾŽ׵ޣôߵҶұˣǾŽڵĸ֣໢ѸӰױҲͷΨ໢ѸӰױˡ
ô£Žô
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˼ŵؿ໢ѸӰױ
ڶ౤峤𾪵ĿУ໢ѸӰױߵҶߣͭĿⶢˣ͵͵ĺ
ԭ˶Ϊ໢ѸӰױҰޣܽҶұǰһĻǲ׹໢ѸӰױҶұģ
Ž޾Ȼ˵ǰδе飬ڱ峤ǻΪԼۻˣʵǰɲǲš
Ҷؿ飬һһٵصǲҶұԣֿѾУҶҲûʲôµˡ
鶨˶ҲǼһЩˣѹе֮󣬴ЦصҶұΪֻôδҲ̫СҶֿˣ˵ֻŽˣʮֻʮֻΪǱסҶұؽͷͷɱֻ
ǣСүǸؽͷȭһһױƽ
໢ѸӰױؽͷ˹ȥ޺ڴлص
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Щѹ֣ҶƽͻȻ˵Ŀ⣬ĺ滹һĿˡ
Ǹɨһ۴ˣҶϣʱܵһǿĻϵѹȣһţƹȻһҶΪʲôǸ꣬û̫࣬⻯Σͷ꣬˻ŮˣǸã޹أĸǻǧϹ
˵ķݣһŽڵʹӿҶˣһƳҶƽӡ˹Сүûּ֣ء
ۿһƾҪҶƽˣֻصһ죬һƾǴϣֱ۷飬ֱϵľˣ̧ͷȥԭǸҶǸ˻ӶһƣΣĪԷֻǻһ䣬סȫһƣʵ±ؽͷҪǿϺ֪ܶ࣬ʲô·˼ӵزˡ
ҶƽҲһգǿǾŽ׸ֵһ϶ĳˣʱʶԼӵ˾ȻҲһǿߣ
һ˲䣬˵Ŀⶼ۽Ŀࡢͨϡ
ղųֹҶƽģĻȻ֪ǸʵǿǾŽڸ֣ŽڸȫһȻһһ͵˾ʲôͷвɲؽͷҲͣ˽Ųߣȫš
˻Χ֪ʲôͷȴѰ˼ˣԱҶӦµʹӣ˸ʲôϵµʹӵһƣӦûʲôģҲΣСؿһϷҶҶûʲôŭ⣬ĸв죬֮ôһЩͽ׵һǿģòҲǾŽ׶ѣ룬۷弶𣬾ˣܶữε˼Ѱ󾳽ϵͻƣĪǰλ£Ҳ۷壿ͷһѶϢһҪʨúû㱨
ˣҶƳһǸˣصǰһֻɽһûʱֻɽҲ֪ʲôȼ޵ĵʦ൱ʲô𣿿赭дؽ¾ŽڸֵһҲӦǾŽ׶ʵˡ
ǵģӦ˵һ룬ְѻ˻Ҷܲǰ¶ݡ
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ؽͷȻһۣһ˿Ի
ҶսҶҲзѽ⣬ʱύŽ׶ĸ֣ǾŽ׶Ҷǰ˹֮һ㣬ɻѡ
ǰ˵Ҷɨˣ֮һڱ峤ǣһ˸ҸҶӡԾɲҵز²š
ǡǴ˾һַǰһ·ǰȥ
ôһŽ׶ĸ֣ΪζҶ˹ĪҶʲô˲õı
˶ɻ󣬾ҶҲ벻ס
Ǹ˾ؽͷʱؽͷһۣؽͷͻȻһһƳǸ˺ȥ˿ȥҶϵǳɱԾ󻼣ǾŽ׶Σһ͵Ϯɣ
ؽͷǾŽ׶֣ǿ̶ȣ˷ǳ˵ĳ̶ȣһȥ֣ҲҪһӡ
СģҶս졢Ҷ˽ԶѣѾˡ
ƺ󵽣һ̽ǺεȲҡҶҲͷһ
Ǹ˾ȻܣؽͷһǸ˵ĺϣһְϣһ죬бĵԽŽβ̫һȻһ鶼ûУƳһؽͷ
ȫףŽ׶һںϣȻһ鶼ûУûãͿס˾Ž۷ֵȫһһ﾿ʲôͷĪʮ׸֣


72 ǧҩ
˶һʮ׸ֿ֣Ҳǲ
ؽͷɨһֵۣصŵŵ˺üоԼͷѵʹĵð⣬֣ƽǵһμ
ؽͷʵΣһǰ˶ȻʮϵĸˣȻǿʵһһףʮ׸һŭֿܱܲȫǸ⡣
ҶҲû뵽ֻɽ׾ȻǿʵӦʮף૵ţеĵʦ磬ĪǾеʮǿߣǸߣ
ʲô֣ҶʵʮǿߣҪ˵ﲻţǲܵģҪԼαˣҶұһʮǿߵŭ־ͨŽ׸ֿġµͷҪװļ
СԶҶʻǸ˸Ͻǫػص
Сˣʮǿ߾ȻҶǰԳСˣ峤ؽͷˣǵɴ۾ŴǰҶǲ˼飬ؽͷһ˿־塣ҶұʲôΪʲô֮ǰһ㶼֪룬˽Զɫס
ǿʮǿߣп𼶵ģҶҶսһҶԴһƬհף
ܶ˶ݺݵһԼǾҵʹظǣⲻΡ
ԶҶ΢΢ףһЦ
Զһ۾鲻ӣúãȥ֮ʨ϶ͣϲϹҼһЩ˵ʲôʱпգȥǱһɲԼ˵УҶ鲻ظһ顣
еˣʮǿߣȻǸȵģ滹һǿˣɳһȵľһʮϵǿߣˣʲôͷ
ҶһһԵİ꣬괫һЩѶϢʰԶЩɱ˵ǣǲһģҡҡͷҶƬ̣޵磬Ҳ൱ӵġ
ͻƵĽҪͷû취ԶУȥˣʱ䣬ҶݷáҶʨ۷׶ΣȻҲҪԼʵ˵ǿһ㣬ȻԼ岻ס
Զɴ۾ֱ㶵ؿҶǷӦϽֵͷһǫͷͻƵĽҪͷĪǰλ£Ҳ۷ѹҪ켣ȺѰ󾳽ϵ۷ߵľ磬ûһǺɵģּĸ˵һһ۾͹ȥˡ
ҶҲû뵽һǡӡ֤ԶеĲ²⡣
Զͷ˼ӣҶʵЩʲôɡ
ǣԶӦǬȡһӣԶҪ˫ֲܱùĳְɫĽ죬沼˾µĵ̣һͷʨСĵﹲʮöǧ߹ǧ̥Ρʮöʦ
ˣˡҶæסԶŵֱ
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㱦û˵ƼұöѪ֥ΪͻͽѪ֥ҲݵĶѣ
һ峤ĳҪ˵һ̰ûУǲܵģֻҶұڶֻ࣬Žޣһʮ׸ڣҶұıҲɲ⣬ǿ϶ǲ
Щ̫ˣҶżؽסԶǼȥҪţȻ˵ã͵ﶼǾ֮
ҶĻԶʱֲ̿Īʨﲻأλ¸ϣ
Щ²ҪŭɣԶеҪ˵Ҷϡ
Ҷǿѹ¼飬ȻһЦ˵ˣȥ֮лл˵ĺ⡣
ҶǶﲻԶŰһ
ҶһҶսҶȰѶ̧ȥɡ
ҶսҶ⣬ߵԶԱߣСؽӹǿӣǰˣʮ׵ĸ֣ﶼЩ飬Ҳʧ̬һǿ̧ҶұԺȥˡ
ҶţҶҸոôණ϶ǻģ˻ڣԶʱߣһԶ׼һ⣬תˣڶס°ɡ
ҶֱԼ֣Զܳλ¾ȻҪһ⣬пϲµŻȥʨµĽܲˣæֵߵߵشӦ
Ҷػ˴峤ǵĿ⣬ҶսҶϵı˻顢ؽͷһжٿˣҲͷղǰֺ顣
Ҷұһʮ׸˭Σ
ؽͷһۡ
Ҷ峤ȸˣҶֿǸؽͷҶұǲãȥһҪүúһ
ؽͷö࣬ҲͻȴôҲ˵ǸĻǵͨ졣
Ҷؽͷ飬һֿʳҪģڡ
ؽͷҶˣͷЦһȷʵǰҶұˣȥҪֿһ¸λ⣬ٿ᧿Σһ˻뿪Ҷұ


73 Ž۷
ҶսҶ뱦֮ҶǱţҶսӦһ峤
֮䣬ȵΪֹˣλ峤Ҷұдܣλ£һϣλҶս췢ô飬֮лô֮ڣǲҿȥˣһԣɾ͵òʧˡ
Ҷ峤ˣҸˡ
Ҳˡ
˷׷뿪ҶұѾȣһʮ׸ڼ֮Ǿôһ㲻Ҳ˵󲿷ֱ峤⣬κһõô䱦ϽлͣЩ䱦ǲۺǿǧ߹ǧ̥Σóһпڸ崴һʮǿߣܸò꣡
ҶұҪˣ֪Ҷ峤ʽʲôǿߣһͳôصʵ²ѷɫҩ룬ҶұǿʢһĿܾƼұˣڶֿǰ;δǰţҿûиҶұ𣬷Ͳˡ
ϯݲݽЩ峤Ƕ뿪ˣҶұڷ贫ʮǿߵ飬һҶǿʱжžη
ҶұҶĵʮȫۼһһͷӶŽ飬ʱؿҶս˸ոմӱƳĽɫӡ
ɫ棬װ˶ٺö
㵽׽ύ˺ˣǸԶˣΪʲô˹֮Ҷ̲סҶʵ
˶ҶҲɻҶ̤ҶұôǸԶ˽ύϵģ
ҪύģӦòңҶڰɡҶ˸дʵʲôϳܹûġ
Ҷڣһ㶣һȻӦģȻԶһʮǿߵʵûҪҶǫǸԶˣҲôĶ
֪֪ģҶʵ
˶еؿҶҶսҲǣǲţҶеڣ֪ʲôǿߡ
Ҳ֪Ҷҡͷ˵Խ࣬ѻԽױ𴩣ɴ໹ǲҪ˵Ϊá
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ˣڼײβ峤Щ׼ôҶҶһ뵽Щôƽ
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ֱӳԣҩЧֻܷʮ֮һǼʮ֮һܰƳɵҩֵܷʮҶսһµ뵱ҲǳݣΪŴԵҩЩȴûȡ֮ǰҶս쿴Щҩ֮󣬶ҪɵˣݵҩݣҪΣյɽܲɼǧݵģⱲӻͷһμ
Щҩ϶죬˵Ҷұ޴ֻȳˣʵ˵ЧһҲûʲôҶϵ
Ҷս졢ҶҲôģҪҶﶼǼЩҩСʱھܸҶұʮľŽ׸֣ݵҩδļڳãòһ꣬Ҷұᵮһʮǿߣ
ҶһЩЩҩʮ֮࣬ÿֶкü֮⣬Ǹҩ
幫һö߹ɡҶӱ֮óһö߹ȷ˿Ч˵
ЩҩǹϵżˣҶҲʲôˣҶӹ߹ߵ룬ǧ߹һһڳȥ֮תҩ
һǶŵؿŴҶ֪ǧݵĳҩʲôһЧ
ʱһһƣҶͨ죬һ㣬Һͣ
Ҷ꣬СعעҶ߿Դ͸壬ؿ߹ҩһͨҶľ䵽֮֫Уһֻ֮صҶĵ֮ÿһ죬ҶΪͻᱩһأеʱҩҲһһıҶľҩ̫ˣкܶҩҶգɢ˳ȥ˷Աġ
֮߹ҩòˣҶڵѾ˾˵ĳ̶ȣԭȵľŽڣŽ۷壬ǸؽͷҪϼ֡ǧ߹ҶľҶøӼ򵥣˵ò˶ãܳʮˡ
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幫ҪٳһҩܼܲһС
УһҩѾǼˣҩۻ棬ҪһܱܣҪٳһ꣬ҩ̫ǿǻᱬģҶҡҡͷ
һС𾪵ͷԭҲҳԣȻǳء
ʲôҪҩ߰ɡʣµˣ˽ϵÿ˿Գһҩ˽µСÿ˳һ̥Σ̥ºͣʲô⣬ҲܶԡҺսҩϴӾӦвܹﵽ֮ҶЩҩʵﵽһµĸ߶ȣʱ򲻹ֿֿҪҶұ֮ǰҲҪϸһˡ
һ̥ΣҰɡҶһµҶ˸òϡ
ֻ֮ãòšҶͷһ̥ΰɡ
ҶսǬʨǴ󷽣ʮöɫʮöɫպãҶһǧ̥Σǧ̥ξȻӤ״ͨ죬͸״һ󾫴ɢֻһڣ˾ĿȻǺö
ҶսҲһöǧ߹ʼҩҶһߵһߡ
֨֨ؽлһ峺ӿҶҩûʲôȤҶʮöʦ
Ҫżһٸһ꣬޷ּȽףҶСԴʵֻɽ׵ʵȻмɵȻӴⶫҪ֪޵ôһִڡ
˻צӱȻһ£ֽл˼Ȼ˵˼Ҷɴ߰˷ֵġ
Ҳһʮף滹λҶһ£ʮ֮ϣλʮѾǺ˲ˣû뵽ʮ滹ôǿĴڡ
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Զ˵ԼǵʦʦһλҶõ˰Ļش𣬵ʦʮ׸ǿһףԶѾ൱еǿˣ漴ʵЩʦģʦһ磿أ
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ҶҲȥЩˣʲôʱҶұҲʮ׸Ǿ͸ˣѹٿӦûʲôġ
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Ҷұнյľ棬ǰ붼ġ
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75 
ҶѾȷ϶һֻޣ֪ʲôޣڴʲôλˣ֪ʲôʱ򣬰ŻֻɽһѧữΡ
ҶҶսˣؿҶֻСèܵ˰Ϣȷһֻޣޣʮ֮ڵ޶ûʲôģҲתע
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֮ͻȻŽ׶ĸֺֻŽ׶ޣһôܵ飡ܿأϢҶұڴˣҶұһǸո˵Ϣʱ򣬻ЩţϢȷϣǷ׷ױ档
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ּҶұ֮ǰ㱻ƼұˣȻҲ顣


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֮Ҷ˻صҶұǵõȷеϢƼұǻƼұĵ淢Ҷʬ壬Ҷ徭ϣҶīȻû˹ˣƼұӽ˵Σ
ƼұϢҶеļԵҶұڵķûиǻΪֿ䱸ɭϣ죬ֿǱһ㶯ûУҶұŵŷҪǶֿҶұѹ൱ġ
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诶ȷҪȥ𣿡Ҷ̸ϵҶ诡
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ܿأһǰҶұɽĿɽˡ
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ս죬һʯͷῪҶǰľʯʯӦǴɽϹģŽ۷֣ᶯҲҪһ
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ⲼڻҩȽ϶࣬ҷ֮СĿռڱըըӦñȵʮ׸һˡ
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ԲذһһȭҶȥصһֻҶ˳ȥҶұ档ذֲļʸ׳͵һײҶ˱㱻ײ˳ȥ
ܿأһһҶ˱˳ǽδ֪
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ҶҶȥҼչ˵ˡҶս̧ͷȥȻ˴ҶұˣҲΪջսȭͷֱ¶
߸ҶұĿյϣʱҶǶ£˹ӵؿϴˣʱ׼ֵӡ
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ذͻȻǰֳһŮץ˹ȥ
Щ˶ӣҶŭʢģ׼նɱ
ԱһӰͻȻǰһһԵҶƢһܺõĲ幫ţҲ̲סˣŭӣҲҶұҰһǰ޷Զһƺ
صһذҶһƣ˳ȥŵŵվҶվԭأȻ
С϶ذû뵽ҶͻȻ֣һУ·磬ŭҲ˻ϼⱩ׼֡


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λߣҪҶұϢһ죬㡣ϴΪ˽أǸղŶӣǲذǺģԭţһССѣҲˣû뵽ȻǸӲӡ
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أذһȭһȭ໢ϣ໢Ȼˣˣһץץذؿϣ˼ץۡ
һߣ͹׿ѸӰױ֮սҲƵƵ·硣
໢ѸӰױޣԽǹǣԽԴ󷢣ʽҲ಻һѲ
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ĶңҶϣһ㵭ĹԣȻ߶
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ϴе㲻˼飬Ļ壬ҲһܹΣ۹һС壬ţ۹һУǿǵǷס
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ҶѾϴҶҶսȻЩģҲĿҶʵΣϴ˳ȥ
ѺĸȫˣϵΪҶȵЩӣǼ棬ǵ˴ˣǾԲĵģ
ҶҶս졢ҶսҶս۵һھŽ׸ַ׷׳֣ϴЩȥ
һоЩɢƣϴЩɵˣҶս졢ҶսˣǾŽ׸ְҶұôСһ壬ô֮ľŽ׸֣ôᷢ飡ٸͷƤ飬ƺطˣ
أһھŽ׸ֻսһϴĸŽ׸ֶڵģҶսҶǾŽ׶壬ô֣ռϷ硣
ϴˣҶұԻҪٲ֣µ˹ƶҪ군ˣһҶҶΪҲһʮ߰꣬Ѿʮװɣͺһһֻ񣬳Ҷȥ
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ϴˣһֱƷϳ˵似һֻ
ҶϸۣһľȫȼյĻ棬ͺһƷ죡
ϴоһȵ崫һҵʹУҶȥֻҶȼܵĳ֮˹似Ʒϵģһûǧ괫еĴ壬˸似
ϴ󰵰п࣬Ҷұװ͵ҲװɣȻһǧ괫еңôѱ޽ô䣬͸һûСһʱЩѾˣĽħƸҶĳƷһƶϣصһʯһƬƣǾŽ׸ֶԾеʮ׸ֶԾ
ϴ񣬿Ѿʮ׳ڸ֮ˣʵԶ幫ǰûʮ׸֣ʮ׾ô֣ҶŵŵŵЩӿǺܿƽ
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ϴһڿշ˵ϣʮվȽŸɫ䣬ϼٲѧϰİս֮ǾŽ۷壬ʮ׳֮ˣҲûѷɫ٣û뵽Ȼ򲻹һʮ߰꣡
һԱ໢ѸӰױƵýڽںˣϴԮذ͹׿ϴҶһƣȻ·磬еתϴʵǺģ˺ҲϴĶ֣ǰΣʵǵϣ
ʵǰɲǲţôҲ벻ԼȺսս޲ʤȻ۹ֿһСߵ壡
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ߣûôףҶͺһһŭɽӳ֣һƳ˵ıȥ
ҶĸԣǾԲԸŻɽģ⼸ǾŽ׸֣ԺָҶұ鷳Ǻ
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صһذ˳ȥʵϴѷɫˣĽҶһ
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оһɱǰǿöҶ¶һ˿صɫϽת׼ӭС
ϴٶ̫ˣҶܲӲؽһȭصһҶɳȥײһôϣһϱײϣĵվڵܿƵ𵴣ͷһ۵³һѪϴҲ֪ʲôҩȻʵ
ϴҶһ֮Ҳûм׷Ҷ಼ӣɱ
ҶҶս˷Ӷϴ͹׿ҪܣϽ׷ȥۿžҪ׷ˡ
͹׿֣סԱϴֱۣϴ󣬴һߣ
ϴһ͹׿һ˦˦͹׿ŭöҩֻܳһӣѱҪǴ͹׿˶ܲ


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ҶսҲ΢΢ͷľǾ˼ǵġ
ʣµļ˶ҶɱˣЩ˶˵Ҷұƿ϶ɱ飬ˣϧ
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ƽϢ֮ҶұǼǿ˽䱸ɽص¥Ϣ֮ҶұСϣÿ춼Ҫ·ʮˣÿһٶʮ˽УҶǾŽϵģЩ۹ĸأĸҲС
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̫ˣɽô̫ƽǹһʱɡҶսȰҶΣա
ף幫Ƿİɣо鷳򲻹ܻûġҶЦЦһаء
Ҷֱ˵ԼҪǰص¥г϶ᵣģֻ˸ڣ˵ȥݷһǰ
ҶҶս룬ҲͷſˣڵʵҲǸϲ٣ʮ׳ڵǿҲԱ֮ҶǽˣһֻʮޣҶҶսʶһ°ĻǸǾڰаЭһҪ˵ҶǸܵģôһ룬Ҳͬ
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ҶҡҡͷɽЩңôëëҶұŰɡЦЦ幫ɱˣҪŽޣһץһֻҶұͲֹëëˣë
ҶĻҶҶս˲ʧЦŽ˵ץץתһ룬ʲôܵ飬Ҷƺɿܵˣ뵽ҶҪץһֻŽޣǲͷ
Ҷ׼һңëëιŸ߽׼뿪
˵ҶҪУҶɵҲ׷ǰС
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طе硣Ҷɨһͨţƽʱڵָƣص֪ͨǺڣ񣬻᲻Ϊ׼أ
ȵȣҶȻ뵽һ£ѵƼұͼֽ˳ͼֽǳԶˣ᲻ص¥ĵͼأ
Ҷһͼֽ;·ߣϲͼֽȷʵǵص¥ĵͼûͼֽϱȻһ£ҵԼλãͨˣԼλö֪ͼֽҲûʲôãҶĸԴ͸ʯ֮ʹ۲쵽ΧĵΣͱȽȷλˡ
ղ˵ǼߵķȻûдҶȥһµͼǰӦûһΪ
һŭǰأѨ֮𵴡
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ǰӦǷ˼ҵս֪սôˡ
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ʮӦòһģһΪս


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ˣܣﲻġҲУһ»۵߳ѵһЩˣԱ꺺ػԱߣǲܺȻ߰˾߾Žǵʬ壬кܶ߰˽׵ġ
ҶԴһۣǸѱȻԼҶøС
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һƻֻ˽ǣ
þĻϵǾŽ׶ǿߣ似ҲƷģǸЩ˼顣
չǸ˭ҵꣿʵ߾ȵʵ
Ҳ֪ǸչĻЦҡͷҲˣһʮ߰ȻѾ˾Ž׶ʵһʩչƷϵ似ѵһЩӵܣ侳ڣϵĴôû˵ôһˣʮ߰ľŽ׶ǿߣ۹ڣӦҲչ¶ͷǲŶԣĪųģ
ΪЩǣҶû֣һһȽǰһֻһֻǱ˳ȥֽǱɱӲɱһѪ·ܣǸ߿ȥȻ߸ղźѣͰǽѣǽԵɡŽ׶ĸֻҲǲ
ҶһسǸ߿˹ȥһ·ɱ
⼸طЩΪսĸǿҶľٶнԶƣΪʲôղųѵĲԼأͶ˸ǿԮҶʵǺ𾪣ʮ߰ΪЩҲϾˣ
һֻ׳˶ľŽҶһ»ҶһͷŽǵԴϣֻŽǶʱԽŽ
Աߵļ۾ֱˣǿǾŽǣȻҶôƮƮһƾʹԽŽĪСӻǸʮǿ߲ɣֱ߸ǵ֪ʮ߰ʮף츳Աȵ۵ˣ
Ҷɵ˼ʮֻǣߵѹʱ˲١
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ҶѰԺеļ䣬ҲҲ۹ʲôҶңĪŵˣЩƣų˲ţ۹Ҫˡ
֪СѳĸţСʵԷĳƺЩףϾ˰һѡ
Ҷһʲô˼Լֲŵˡ
ҶɣϽֵСԸ˵ǾˣϷҲֻһʡ
Ҷһ£Ҷұشɽ֮УôƫԶĵطЩӦҲûʲôڣ˵ҲûʲôǶֿҶұˡ
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ʮ˱еҶұҶֽ͵пЦһ£Լ̫ˣЩҶұû˵
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СѼȻʵΪҵҫ档ص֪ҶŵˣҲͷ˽䱸֮ġ
Ϊ۹ҵҫ棿ʲôϵ˼ˣ˵ҶҲ۹֮ˣһƬҲʲôƾʲôҪҰ£ҶЦЦ˼ЩŰ壬Ҳһֿǰôᡣ


85 
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ҶѽӣЦһ£͵С֪۹ڣ⻼ҪĲǣ⻼ܱ߸СͶҷĵ۹ˡ
ô˵û۹۹˿ڶֻ࣬ҪڲңôýҶʵ⻹ǵһ˸Ҵ£ЩȤһġ
۹ڶ½½ٶңжǿʵǿΪ˱ЩǿߴɱգϹʱڿʼЩڽʱ򣬶ضĵطԼսǱһµΪ֮ء۹ÿ궼ɶʮʮϵǿڽ֮ؾŵ˿Իȥ˵ˣʬǾҪԶڽ֮أһ꣬ĳҲʮʮϵǿߣһͻùս۹֮ĶԾѾٶꡣ͵
ĻҶеĺܶŶ⿪ˣԭˣ֮ˣȻôģֲ۹ʮǿô٣ԭˡ
֮Ӣ伸Ĵ۹ԽԽΪ۾һ˰İձƵͶ·ȻҪ췴Щ֪۹ڸսȴҪ췴֪λ֮Ҳң˶ãȴǷңһҰģͽΪʲô췴Σ췴ɱˣУս޲ʤɨľӣסЩ۹ˡ
Ҷ̾һľ棬κһصסҵӦûһЩµġ
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үչ˿֡
Ҷ֪ⷬûһ٣ȻҾ˼벻мһˣȭȭİ֮ģҶܸж۹Ӧһҳǲңֵþء
£Ĳţ˷֮⣬ŵˣҲǿɶ֪֮ѵͷڶʿѣţȻкܶʮ׸֣ȴܲҪЮ͢ڸش츳ӵܣ³͢ƲӣеʱҳΪıڶ෪ΪӣߵصҶ˲ţȻǲϣҶš
ĿУͨţ֮أ룬ǣ浽֮͢Ͼվڳ͢˵ĽǶ˵ҶҲȫƫƫš룬۹սٶ꣬˲ŵģʮϵĸֱ֮٣ÿҪô֣ټһ۹Ҳ
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һңȻ˽򣬾˵֮۹࣬½ССĹٶġ
֪ЩϢҶҲЩ𾪡
ʮ֮ϣЩʲô磬۵ʲô𣿡ҶʵòҵһλˣЩǰ֪ϢҪһһѯ
ʮ֮ϣų𼶣ַ׶Σֱǵ޼ǿߣ츳𶥷塣ĸ԰ص
ȰڣȻʵ˳ͳһڣҶ໹ǷǳģӦøǿ߲ˡ
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ذκҰǿߣ¸𡢵ǿߣ۹ȥ˽֮صǿߣûһܹʵҲʮǿˣٹһǴղʮʮ׸֣Ҫ۹ս۹֮ǾԲܸԿġʧص


86 ȻѨ
ԭ۹ѾôΣյľأҲԺˣʱԻ취ӴĹһ˵޵ģҪһһ۹ˡҶ룬ֻиϽʵܱԼΣ
λ֮磬ȫȥص¥ðգһЩͿˣˣɼĳ֮ġ
ȻүҪµص¥Ӵүһ̰ɡҶ΢΢һЦ
չ˼ҶЩãǺôŽ׶ǿߣҶǿҲòӴһʰɣ⽫ЩүĻںεأ
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ǾͶлСˡＤصôǷҶһ顣
߰ɣҶǰȥ
չ˽ԶЦﵽǣֱӦˣôߣ
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ҶͺһһƺƵ£ɨأʮֻ˽ǵ˳ȥ
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Ϊһߣףʲôˣ죡
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ͫףͻȻųһ˿ĹâЩͻȻͫɢģվվȡʮ֮󣬰ĻͨͷţЩǾû۾Ҳᱻԡ
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طЩҲռϷ磬׾ٵػɱ˴ǣƬյϵΪ֮һ塣
ЩôˣͻȻôöԸԣһһֽٺҡ
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ܶ˸ϽóԱ䵶ʼЩǵʬ壬ڳ˽׾Ž׵ɶֵǮĺöչҲףϽȥŽ
һЩСΪŽһЩͻ֣ǶҹҶһˣղҶչֳʵ˶Ŀá
ˣΣʱͨʱȴѹֲס̰򡣡п
Ҷʼ磬ǿ϶ģôʥˣ˶Ҿûʲôˡ
չռʮöŽʮö˽ȫòãݸүȫ
Ҷע⵽չռʱ򣬾ûһ˽һŲ©ȫЩﻹĲǺһ׵
СѣЩҲ޷֮Ϊǽ軨׷ЩСѶ°ɡｫǸݸҶ
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Ҷǰ£Ҳ˵ʲôģû뵽ҶֻöŽչ˿Ҷʱ򣬽ԶøУҶأз緶
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ЩѨȻγɵģôܣҶ⣬Ȼγɵģ⽻ݺĶѨΪʲôô磬ղǸսĵطպôλá


87 
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һ֮ڵ̥֮Χ˽ƣǧɵĵص¥磬ȻһĴڣ
ҶŸоԼҰ̫Сˣ̫Ī⣬̫δ֪
ҶԵ̥֮Ҳһ˿棬ֻҪӴһ㣬Ϊͻͽ̥֪֮ʲôһֶ
ǵ̥֮⣬ص¥кܶ˷ĶϹ֮ʱڶǿΪ̥֮ڵص¥Ҷᣬǵص¥䱦޷ǰص¥Ӵ̥֮ڵص¥ϲҵһϹʱڵ£ʵǰص¥ˣʰϹŵĹ似鼮ϹرϹ
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˼ǰʮӣһƬǳǵ֮ڣⷽԲǧ֮ڣȻһЩɫֲϪˮж죬һƬڰޱߵҹһ㣬һȫµĵص硣
ҶɨƬǰص¥ıؾ֮أ޺УȫǾŽʮϵޣȻҲһЩǰص¥ǿߡ
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оǷɿȴҶ΢΢һЦԼ꣬Ǻġ
׼ջ֮ʣԶһǺһɱǰǼΪǿĻ̽Ѱ˹
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ҶͷһݣסԲɷΧǰӣֻԶǹɻһ޴ͣ˿˿ɺĹ⡣
ǺηѣΪҪɱͽͽͻݹһ˿ѶϢмŭӡ
ΣǸһӦһˣӣҶŵҪǱʮǿ߻Ҫ߳ĸǿڣƾۣҲδĶ֣Ҫһ֣Լɾ¶ˣҶ֪Լ껹δʵʵֻ̬ץһץޣһĹûС
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һɢޣҿɲʲôģЩǵҵ·ǸɱҶ꿪ڵ˵֮ʱǿӲʱҶޱȣЩǰģôǿӲһһԲʹô죿
ͻеĹҶĸߴʿɨҶʱܵһɾ޴ѹҪһ㡣
Ȼܵ˾޴ѹҶֻ֪Ҫ΢һ»¶ͻ˾ͻԼǸðƵģҶǿά꣬ԸоԼľѸٵţ𽥱ģ
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ǿҶľѣǸĿǰԼ޷󼰵ġҶЩ⣬ǰװӻУҪʱٳάֲסˡ
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88 ʮ
СѣôˣһԹеʵҶͻȻɫףڴڵشϢһ㡣
ҶЦҡҡͷүޱȣܻΣգһ䣬ǸϽͷɡ
һڳ˼Ȩ⡣
Ѿܰ;ϡҲСȰ棬ǴɷΪΪ֪ʮϷҲҪðһðաҶ㣬룬ĪСѧˣڵղͻȻڴڵشϢĪǲ˴еļף
ҪҶ֪뷨Ҳòḻˡ
ˣҶҲ˵ˣԶȥ˼Ƭ̣û뵽ĳҲص¥ˣǼǰУһ·϶ȻΣءҪҪȥأ
꣬ǸΪʲôô׾ˣҶڰԱߵʵ
괫һЩѶϢ
˵ҵĻǵĻһҲסˣֻ˽飬ֱˣҶһµҵĻһǿ϶ģң޳ģ֪ܲܺŪסҲҶΪʲôԼĻԭĻԴǣ޵ĻģԵظܳ
ôˣҶﲻһ˿ٺĽңȻ꣬ҲôװģһЩ֣˵ͱˣʱ֪ôģ
үҾǻȥɣҪǳʲô⣬İô죿չеص
ǰүȥɣʵڲУǴȥɡ׷׵
ҡҡͷصзȥɣչǼжӣиĸ޶һȥŰɡ
үȥչҲߵġչЩ˻ơ
ﻹִ֣ҶһעܱߵĶһ߳˼ţղǸģ֪ԶϴʨǸ᲻һ·ĸֿܻи࣬ʮǿ΢һĸ֣˵лĻᣬּĸ֣Ǿһ·ûˣص¥ȥǲȥ
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￴ҶҶüͷأҲ˼ǡ
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ղҶ֮ԻǸΪ̫޼ɵʹˣǸע⣬ֻҪСΧڣӦòʲô⡣
мӰХǼǿߺգӰܿʧ˺ڰľͷ
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ԵʯУȻһŭһͷͨڣ׳˶˳ֻ໢󣬼צֵһ㣬ںڰзĹ
ó䣬ͻȻʯ˳չ˿֮ɫ䡣
үСģչγֵתסĺ󱳣ͷȥ
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89 Ԧڣ
Ҷոǰվס˽ŲؿҶ͵͵ΪҶϸܵһַǳµϢ
𡣡¶ݣ˵ӡ
Ҷͷţһһǰ꽫Χ
ССģʮޣżѵҶƽҶΣգһ̣ǰһĻеסˡ
ͷƺҶƣſ͵͵ţһ˫ͭС۾о͸¶־ɫ
ʮȻηҶ˰˼⡣
ĻȻ໢ѸӰױҪǿǸҶ꣬ȴȫ޷ᲢۡҶܿҵĻ꽫ģֳһĻ֮ϡ
ſڵϣҶҡҡβֺ֮ͣ⡣
ԼһڻɵɵؿŴײ÷ǳ˳ӶɵˣȻҶƸѹˣôܣǰδ顣
һ˵չչղͷ͵ýһķɵھȻſҶǰһСһ㣬ӶɵˣǿսһͷʮޣҲ᳼һǿߣҶǿߣ˵ùȥҶʵԶԶͷ
ʮް뵽չͷһһǿʮףǵúķѶٵǮƣҶȻɵصõһʮ׵İ֣
ⶫԣʮ޵ĻȻҲֻȭͷСһӾͱҶշˣǰͷԹԵسԼҡβ͵ʮҶҲǼѡ
ʮޣʵһ㶼ѷɫеʮǿߣ
棬һֻʮޣϿڶֿɨ
ƾն˸ʮװ֣ҶãߵߣԴȻһֻʮޣȽױȽϸߣ½󵽣֮ǰѾշ˴ëͶëԺͽëˣ
͵͵ؽлʮ˳оҶǿĸԹԣ
Ҷһö߽ȥ龹ЩҶιԶ͵ģҲǵʦϵߣʮ޵Ǹ߰С࣬һӾ͸оҶԵʲôƷָ߼ô̵УδԵ
Ҷֱֱߵߣŵ˼£ҶԴֻǵ͵͵ؽлѾ֪˵ЩʲôˡĪҶܸ޽ĳЩصԦ֮䣬Ȼд˵ˣ
뵽һЩԶĴ˵˵ңԶ۹һɽԦڣ۹Ҫǿö࣬ǿ׵շһЩޣΪأĪҶԦڵĵմЩҲֻеĲ²⣬漰һЩ˽룬ǲҪʵĺá
ү߰ɡҶշ൱ŲҲ˼֡
ҶǰߵʱظҶĺ棬׳ͣٽӣһֳصѹȸС
˿˿ֹ˵ͷҶĺ棬ͷǶмη壬ʧأҿ̫һڻǿҶĴ澴η
һ·ȥΪϢһ޶ԶԶ㿪ˣûʲôޣżһЩľŽ׸֣֮Űˣ׷׶úԶʮ׸֣Ƚټһ·ϵҲûô
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ʲô飿վȣɫ΢
ĪǷ˰ɣչڴڵصǷ𣬿µñȥˡ
ǵǰӦǷսҶҡҡͷаּǿߣȻ
˽Զ¶ŵ飬ǰ澿ʲôս𼶵ǿߣ¶޷㶯
ҶȻȥǰ浽һּҵսվǰеĺ棬һһǿߣǾˡ
ԭشСʱǰĴ򶷲ƽȥԶȥӣƸǶѾص¥ˡ
Ҷǰ̽һȷûΣˣЩ˶Ѿص¥ˣҲȥɡ
Ҷ˷ӶȥǰнһΪǰľǴסˣԲﷶΧڵĵʬ壬ǧ֮࣬΢һЩҲһٸ඼޵ģѪɺӣһŨصѪϢмµľ޿ӣҪǿ޿ӣ


90 Ԫ
㾭սչҲʧɫҪ֪ģ󲿷ֶǾŽϵģвٻʮ׵ġ
кܶ˺ûнص¥ռϵʱΪһЩս
ǰ濴ȥǰұϱһ޴ĶѨףʮףһƬ֪ͨδѨĶĸӵĴ֣Ծγһ⾳ǡص¥֣
үҪռһЩֱӽص¥չѯʵ
Сδ㣿￴Ҷѯ
ռɡҶ۾ȴĿתضǡص¥֣ԶŴģ⡮ص¥֣һޱȵζĸ֣Ҷڵܵǣǻת
ĸ֣ƺǰλԶŴܶ⣬Ҷ񽥽Щ룬͵վԭأ·һľ֮С
Ҷվԭزؿŵص¥ĸ֣Щɻ̧ͷȥǵص¥˵дòԾۻ֮ȴҲûʲôϡĵطĪСѶ鷨Ҳоɣ
䣬Ȼǵ֮ţҶͶء
һڻȥռˣһöŽҲռ̹Ļ۸پȣ𣬸˵ʮˣ⸽ʮ޾Ҳ٣չռ˲ʮһ˷ܲѡ
ʮȻֱʹãûȥ֮󣬿ҩʦƣȥöʮƶɵĵҩЩŽ׶˾Ϳڵҩĸ֮³ʮˣ
ҶȻŵص¥ĸ֣߷·Խ޾ʱգңԶԶʱ꾭ʱĥ֮󣬾ǿ˼֡
СޣҲЩ˼Ȼڵص¥ϵһ˿
֮УһͳɤҶĶ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻһɫеˣվ޾֮УӢ䣬ĿͦΣȻһսĽ
ҶһݣȻǰص¥λˣ
ܣʧЦͨ˵Ӧǰɡ
СӼǰҶصͷ𶯣û뵽ԼȻͨص¥ĸ֣Ӵص¥Ĵ
ʶǰѷɵһǿ֮ص¥֮ȣͲʲôˣҲ֪λǰģҵΪλǰʮ֮һƾĴˡȻһͬΪһ壬֣
ĻҶɵ˰죬ԼԺѷɵˣ˵ص¥ԶŴܣҲҪзɵһǰ뵽ɵ֮Լ쳽ǿҶԷɵ˳˺档
ؿҶһۣƬ̵ڿģڵص¥ĸϵһ˿Ȼ˵ص¥ҵҲԵҾһص¥һΪ㹻ܹص¥ұѵص¥㣬Σ
ѵص¥͸ԼĪص¥һ²ɣԺʱص¥Բܵص¥ƵԼҲǲ
ص¥Ե̥֮Ϊģ湲оŲռ䣬ÿһռ䷽ԲٹεòԶͬԸҲ޷ƽ淨Ȼ޷ǰѷɵᲢۣҲһ
СӰлǰҶϽ
Ҳ˵̫磬ص¥ҲһܹģҪĻԵ컯ˡ˵һЦص¥Σأ̺أĽ֮⣬滹ǧٰʮһСƣӡʵﲻðգ
СӽġҶľص¥ǺȻ
ҲҲףˡ˳ЦԶȥ
ûǰմ
һȴ˶Ԫ
˵֮˲ѾƮ١
ҶѸٵ˳صʵԴһΣվȡ
Сôˣеʵ֮ǰҶһֱûš
ûʲôҶҡҡͷ΢΢һЦ鿴һڣΪ˼־Ž׶ˣԪǰ潻ʱԼľ˼֣ص¥ջģû뵽ص¥Ȼһ£Ԫǰôһ˵ص¥˵ã֪ʱԼܴﵽص¥ľ磬òƼǿߣҲԶԶ־ڵԼ޷󼰵ģ֪ܴ֮ܲﵽ
Щ̫ңԶˣλԪǰ˵ԼԺѷɵΪǱҪµģ֪ѷɵʲôصЧã
Ҷ֣Լշɵɢ쳽֮⣬Էɵһ֪
Щ¶̫棬ܸˣҶȫĵס
չռ֮ʣԶ߸Ӱ߷ɿ˹ǰٶ죬ӦʮϵǿߣЩﻹһʮ׳ڣ඼ǾŽ׶ǿߡ
ǰһ۵߳߿һۣ¶һ˿Цת˸䣬Ҷ˹


91 Ӥ
үþòƮȻ£ЦصƮɢһɷ֮࣬еɫȴǰ㳬Ȼ
û뵽Եص¥ҲȤһɫûУҲеӲ
һ·ҶԸҲ˴µ˽⣬ԸȽֱϵıԿϵôá
ұˣȻסةһЦ
ϼһȻҲˡ￴һһˣһ
ջ񲻴ǸһУɨЩ޵ʬ壬󲿷޶ǾŽʮ׵ģŽǲô⣬ʮ׵Ҫ˵ǼٵģĿҶͷϣ΢΢һ١Ȼ֪ץһֻʮޣӣʮǺ˼ɵģҲֻôһЩɵѣϾԼʮǿߡ
һڶ˵˼䣬Ҷ֪ةӤҴ峤ͬʱҲǳҪԱɨӤӤʵԼߵҪǿϼ֣Ӧһʮ׶ǿߣ࣬ʮڵģ滹һﵽʮ׳ڣĸǾŽ׶塣
۹ܶʮǿ߱٣ȥ˽֮أӤЩڳеҪְȻֲǣ
ҶĿɨӤǼϣȻһˣ֮ǰͶֿһҶұҰؽͷ
ؽͷҶҲ΢΢һ㶣Աһ˵Ķ˵ЩʲôǸ˿ҶĿ⣬ɭƺյʮ׳ڣΪǺȹ̵ӡ
Ҷ۾Ҳгһߣ֪֮£ؽͷǸ˵ĻȫҶĶˣǶֿѫǸ踸ףֿѫ
ҶսȭͷвݴۣôҪѫۣԷʮǿߣǿѾʮ׶壬ԼĿǰǶֻ֣ͣӱʮ겻
չռһЩŽʮ׵е㲻Ծ׷׾£˹վߡ
ôãջӦòɣͬΪ٣ôǲӦüзݣɫ࣬ٺЦһۣչˣĻǿҲŽ׶ˡ
ǿ𣿡ŭָˣˣҪǿ
˸ΣôûҪ̰ɡתһ£Ӥһɫ̸ͣû뵽Ȼˣص¥ǺģҲû˿Ѿ˼ƽϡ
㲻ҪѪˣϷʱ˵ҪӤŻ׵ĺ룬Ϲ޵Цݣγ˰֮ơ
ӤЦصҶоЩԣһüͷǶԷҪ֣Լ߾鷳ˣֻԼһˣͰЭܵûʲôģһܵ˾Σˡ
￴ӤЩ˵ľٶúӷӤЩ˸һЩЩΧΪҪɱڣ
ҶСѣĳˣ޹أȻǴҺչڻ㣬һȥɡﵲҶǰҶһ߿ٵת
ҶɨӤжֿѫɿŶԲߣһߣ˱ɣҲ޲룬ܲЭܵ
ӤȻ΢ЦվԭأֿѫˣǳҶ˰˹ȥ
ѫһҶЦһҶ츳ˣǻţԶֿ˵ĸ󻼣ҶұҲ֪ʲôһֱмɵǣû뵽ҶȻ˵ص¥ӤڣôҶܵ
࣬ǸСӸոձʦѡУ׼ҩ𣬴츳׿ǾŽ׸֣ܵʳѰѫѵҶ߽ƽ׼һٽҶɱ
ŶˣӤȵɨһҶȻѫô˵ҪʱԼֲСܵˣԼʮ׶ʵԼע⣬һŽ׵ܵȥ
Ҷ˫Ŀһֻŭһȥ
ãЦһȭͷһȭ˹ȥ
һ죬սһʮǿ߶ս𵴣һھŽ׶ǿȫ˳ȥ
ѫҶŭһȫ֮ϣȷХҶһ¡
һȼ磬ص£֮͸űĺ⡣
ѫһƷϳ˵似ж磬ЮűϵԵס
ѫСΪ澫ͻʮףȥ֮أδɾͲӤһЦѫʵɱһʮ߰СӣǴ´ˣּսмڶ֣ǶԷܣǲְ˸ץ
ѫһ£ҶȻһ⣬һүߣȫ۵һ𣬻𣬳Ʒ죡
籡
һ죬ѫȾҶĳƷ죬һ˲ɢѫͷ󾪣ƲһԾҪܿҶĳƷ죬Ҷ׷ȥ
飬ײ𽻼ӡ
ҶȻδʮףƾųƷ似ȵѹѫһͷ
ҪӤδӦ֮ǰɱѫУ
ŭɽӣ


92 ɱ
Ҷһ߶ɵȫ񱩣ֻƵѫ£ϵޱȣѫĻ˲ֱ
Ӥͷ󾪣ҶСӲǾŽףʮǿߣ߽似ȻѫǶ֣Ҫ֪СӲʮ߰ѣʱҲˣ
СӣݵˣӤ״Ļͣ˲ԾɣӥצҶץ¡
Ӥʮ׶ǿߣٶ֮죬ҶҪҶ׷ѫȻҪӤצ¡
ߣϷС㡣Ӥشһ㣬صҶؿڣҶӿ
һʮ׶ǿ߹Ȼ˵ãۿžҪ˵ѫˣӤͻȻ֣Ҷĳ˹ȵףоצХҶһݣǲѫӤϣһҲ
֨֨վҶϵİȻĽš
Ӥ΢һ٣ܵһЩӰ졣
һƣҶƲѫ¡
ѫ󾪣æмܣҶһƵ̫ˣأѫҶһƣ۵³һѪ˷ˡ
ӤһǿƵ˰Ļһצ£û뵽СӾȻһֻ߽ޣֲץʮ߽޾ȻҲôԼˣĶֻ΢һ£ѫȻҶһˣͷݣСǸݽɫ֮츳ˣԲ£
ҶϽмܣصһһצϵĻɢϢ
ССģǼŽ׶ǿߴһţҶˣغ׼չ˾ԮҶ
ߣҶŭһ
ҶŭĿӣͷһԭţǶˣҲҪڻҶ뿪Ͱ֮⣬ȴҶӤ˴һ𣬻شѫڻǡ
ߣĿѣвѪ˿˳ͻΧԶԶش˻ƵĺУӤӸû꣡˶ݣȴǷĪĶ飡뵽Ҷվ֮У絶ʣֻܼϣҶܹ࣬Ȼա
ӤµļŽ׶ǿ߶׷˳ȥѫǿѹƣҲȥ
زסѲֻؿԶ
飬ʮϢ䣬ڰĸ֮£ҶӤʮغϣѾĵһɶʮ׶ǿߣǲ̫ˣ
ذκҰϷǵһμҵˣʮ߰ͻʮףǵһֻϧҪϷӤҲһ˿ϧҶ츳ľţ溱ҶԼˣ϶᲻һкúһ
ƥ򣬾㱾»ɱңˣԶҶӤһƣ·񱼶ȥ
ԲѡӤһ總֮ٶȱҶö࣬ѸٵرƽҶʮ׳ڸʮ׶ȫһεģҶʮЭˡ
ƷϮҶоԼҪһƴ͸һ㡣
꣡Ҷͺһ
ʩչôλмή٣ʱ̣ҷɣһŨ
ΧһƬŨ֮С
ҶһתۣܿӤһȭӤ弤
ۣӤƷҶϻĿĵ˿ڣʮ׶ǿߵƷ磬ֵ֮ѷɫ
ӤȻһƬڵסߣΪҶʲôʽǰ֮ɢϢҲľѣֱ˼֣֪˳ȥ׼мҶĹû뵽Ҷһ֮󣬾Ȼɿܵˡ
Ũأߺܲһӳۣ罫һƬоҶϢɿԶȥһüͷɱ׷ȥ
;겻ϵҶϢ̧ͷһǵص¥ڣΪ桮ص¥ĸԵúΰ׳ۣ˵ص¥УΣķ
ӤβҶһݣһͷ˵ص¥档
Ӥһ·׷ᣬҶ˵ص¥ͣص¥⣬ȥ֮ʮ֮ڱأѫûиӤҲðȻ롣
ҶϻˣȻҲֱӴص¥ôĶ֪ӤһЦص¥ų۹׵֮һǰ׽еģ
ܿأ˷ɱ
ֻأӤʵ
һ죬ܵˣǱҲˡǴǰѫҶˣһܵ
ӤغһҲû˵ʲôȻһүǸŽ׶֣ûвʮ׸֮УΪ塣
Сӽ˵ص¥ôصˣص¥ûô׳ˣܲģӤӵճһ˿ѪţסҶϢ˳Ѫ׷٣϶ҵҶλá
˵ص¥ڣ˶Щɣص¥ʢ⣬ȥĻ֪ܲܳµͷЩùģϾӸλٻѾܾûðķˡ
ĬƬ̣Ӥ˾Ƚ˵ص¥ѫһۣҲȥ


93 
Ҷһ˵ص¥֮Уǰȥһޱĵص֮ڣǳƬƬʵʯ֣ʯᾣɫĵصֲ谵տˣʱһЩ߲ʹת
Ƭص֮Уܲһƣֻн֮ĵطͨС
Զʱش˻УһƬʯܲʱԿ޵ʬǣϰپʬǸոµģ֪ɱͨҲǱѪĽʬ
ʬǣϻһЩ۶˵ıףЩ׶ϺõĽ죬Ȼ˺ܶ꣬Ȼ֣ЩðΣսص¥ǲЩȤġ
ͷһۣʱѾˣֻһƬ⻬ұڣǽص¥ˣ޷뿪ص¥ȥ·Ҫ֮ŻῪ
ٹƬӤ˾ͻ׷ôĵص磬Ӧĸ߲ŻᰲȫһЩû·Ҷһ֪ҪߣΣա
˻ԶҶ̧ͷȥֻͬĻȳһ㣬߰Χ˹һźӰ֮УʱʱػһŹӣ̰ؼȡʲô
ҶоܱߵϢϵš
Щս൱Ľ׵ޣ̫ˣʮ򣬾һʮ׵ǿߣһȺֹΧҲúܲҡ
Ҷʱ׹ЩҲʬôˣ
ЩȺӵǿ߻ޣԶԶرܿȻһȺͺһ㣬ں棬䵥ˣǱΧ
ʱ䵥Ҷ˵ʺϲˡ
Щļһ
Ҷ񱼣ܱЩһΧˣ϶úܲң
ЩŵҶϵѪϢ궯ǵص׷
ˣ
Ҷɫ䣬Щ̫ˣҪǱϣϵѪܿᱻһɶһ߸ʬ
ɿĿ񱼣ԽԽ̧࣬ͷȥӭһȺΧ£
Ҷȫ˰Χ֮УϵϵɢǱȡһ㡣
֨֨Ҷ֮ʣͷһ˿ϢЩǴʲôµһ㣬׷ɢ˵׿⣬ԶԶس߹
ͨŽʮ޵ĻҲֻϣһ˿صϢͨĻͬ
ԭЩҲ꣡
ӤϾͻҶɢϢסԼͰ꣬ȿһ·񱼶ȥҶϢŨЩﻹΪҶһǿߣһɢҼ׷ˡ
̣ԲþЩȣκβԼҶͷ԰ص¥һ㣬ҲͲôˡ
ûԶǰһӿ£޾ڰԶ
ǺˮƺһЩΣգɨˮȷ׷ɢ߰˽ϵȣоŽʮ׵ģˮȵȼһЩ
ҶЩȣҪǱӤ׷ϣǾ鷳ˣ޾֮·˺ļܿʹ˳¡
ŹƬ̣һЩ˽˵ص¥Ӥˡ
СˣһۼĻԶԶؿ߰˰֮⣬Ҷ˱ĺС
׷Ӥ˷Ӷ
ȰΧ˹˻ţΪ̶
ѫɫ䣬׷׳֣飬һһƷһһȺɱ
ɶĶӤʮЩ͵غһǻƣʮֻƾձ˻Уȼմ
ɱһƬ֮ʣЩȷ׷ױܿΧ׿ԶԶعʱط˻С
һΧƯŵĲҿĴȣüʵô죿
ҶСеŹ֣ˣ˵˵ᱻΧȻôԶɼһЩȵֶΣСˣҪˣҪʬСܵǶ밲Ӥصһ׷
һȺ˳η׷ȥص¥Σķ˭ºȥ˭֪Ǳʲô
˳źң鷳˳źӤһµ
ӤĻ۾һة࣬ص¥ޱߣ·ˣָ¶ֻµʳ˵棬˳źӵߣûЩˡ
Ҷļĺһֱ£ĺӵ洫ĺϢ·ʲôҪˮһ㣬ëȻ


94 ˮйŹ֣
ʩչ֮ЩԶȥ
ںƯ˶ʮ֮ˮƽǰĺӱһƬʯ̲Ҷץסӱߵһʯͷͣ
أʣˮǵؿҶ
꣬û¡ҶЦЦ鿴һϵ˿ڣѪѾֹסˣһ·е࣬ûʲôˡ
տҲҶʼָɵϵӿ뵤żָ֮߰˳ɣͻȻ֪ʲô۾ԶȥֻӰӶӤˣ
˻겻ɢ
СǱߣ
ˣ
ӤʯͷϵҶĿһ䣬һˣôѪ˳źƯôãҲҪȥУһ˿ѪȵϢΧСӾȻţ
ӰɱӤٶ죬Ҷֻʮ׵ľ롣
Сӣؿ㻹ܣӤһһצ¡
ƾǼץסңʡʡɡҶһƲӤȻʵǿ󣬵ҶкֶܶܵѾָ˺ܶ࣬ЩˣӤ˹һԾͨһˮ
ӤҶˮУںӰͣס˽ŲˮףЩʲôʱһЩǿϢЩɵûص¥֮ǰĹһЩص¥йصĵ伮һΪ̣ˮĪ룬ص¥ǿһЩﶼϲںӵף
Ҷȥ濴һۣӤ˴ڰûӤһָǴһ˿м־
Сӵʲô˼
ȻҶƣӤ˻ܲ³һЩӤӸλӹ
ˮˮҲʮɿҲܵȥӤһ¼˳һ£ͨͨȫˮҶ߰Χ˹Ӥ𣬺ɺ棬Ҷ
СӣһƣӤƣһ£ʱΪŭ
Ӥһ£ҶԼӤʵ̫ˣԱѾɿ쳯ԼΧ˹
Ҷûһƣһˮȥ
һ죬Ӥһˮϣˮ𵴣ʮɵˮˮĽ
ҶǱӵɣǸоһ͸ˮƺһ𵴣ˮƺʲôɫӰӷɿӹҶϽ껤סԼھǷɿת
֮󣬺Щѣ֮ˮףһʱе᲻ϵ棬ȻҪӭӤ
ΧˮҶһתˮڵˮ֮Ϊһ壬Ϣ֮жʱС˺ܶ࣬һ㣬ˮζˮȻһ˿
ˮˮٶȻƽʱ죬Ҷͷϲû뵽ķ֡
Ӥһ֮ûˮص˰ߣ￴ȥһƽϢ֮ˮٳûκζü˵ҶСӳԼһƣûˣڵҲǴ𵴣Ӧûܿ측Ŷԣôô죬һֱǱˮ
СȥˣѫĴ鿴ˮһƬʲôŭô˾ȻץסҶ
ĴңüҶСӵЩŹ֡
ǱˮȥңӤ˳ɲȵ
ѫƣӤһվڰߣ·ûʪȴҪǱӵףȻЩӤҲû˵ʲô
׼ǱӵףһͻȻһҽУʲôקһѸٵسˮˮϹ˹ðݡ
ô£
ĪСӸɵģ
Ǹ³λȥ
ȻԶһҲһҽУת۾ͳˮвˮһȦȦĲɢ
ףĪҶܹɣѫԾɲˮʲôĶϢץסǵĽţͣذϣһһ塣
ԲҶ
ˮжҿѫɫ䣬ͺһ屬͵һȣ弤ˮ棬ǷɳˮʱһɫӰһˮ
Ƿ䵽˰ߣͨͨŽ׶ǿĪʧ٣һ춼ûУʲôûܲ£
ؽͷͣˮڣˮĽʲôסˣǽûˮС
үңؽͷ쾪ֵش󺰡
ӤӶһ죬͵ؽؽͷ˺棬ص˰ߡؽͷȻ˻Ѿ˹ȥһϢˣ°һƬҰɱ˴ĿģǾȲˣص¥Ͼչؽͷֻܰؽͷˡ
ˮһˣ˽˳ؽͷӣ˲ͷƤ顣


95 
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ĳӤʮ׶ǿߣ֪Ϊ񣬸оЩŹ֣һֱûˮųаңҿԼǣûˮ
ѫԹ޵ؿһӤıӰû˵ʲô
ǾڰţҶˮѫգոģɶǾŽ׶ǿߣؽͷֿˣۣܲ
ˮһᣬͱ͵ϮˣҶôã˵ѾԵˡʣǸδصɱҲˮˡ
Ҷˣһ·ƯôãȻûԵĪӤü
ʲôЩﲻҿ²
һֱź棬潥ָƽöð
ӦûšӤӥһ۾ź棬ΧϢȻ²ҶţϢ̫ˣˮֺ֪ҶľλãҶСֶλ࣬Ȼˮ״ôá
һֱӤĺ棬ںӱǻȥ
ӵҶתˮ֮󣬷ˮȫúƤͣظˮ͸һ㣬ˮȻ磬֪˸Ⱥζ껤壬ЩҿҶ
Ӥ˱ɣҶôĿģ껤壬ԼҲЩһЩˡ
ڰ꣬ץסҶļôӾһ·϶ץҶģҶֳһˮɵ棬ҲõϢˣ۾ĴһǱˮ
Ҷ֪ӰϵӤһʱǲߵģɴĺӵף׼˳źӵһ·ǰӤԶ˵ӵʮֻ谵Ҷɨӵ׵ľˡ
ӵ׾Ȼȫʬһ·ӵ˺ľͷﵽ˶ˣʬǵ˺ĺü㣬Զսһ㣬ʬ滹ɢһЩ֮Ķ
ص¥һطıѰòˣӵףȴû˸ȰϵѲö࣬˸Ǳӵ³͸ӤɵľŽ׶ǿһ
ӦûһЩ
û뵽ⷢôѰĺõطҶ˷ܲѣںӵѸٵһ˼㵽˺ӵѰҲҪںڰһһȥҪҵ纣룬Ҷ꣬״һ㣬ѸٵɨбԲ¡
Ҷ˼ף֪ʲôɵģϢתһ֪ǷƷ
Զʬм䣬һɱϢҶ֪Ҷɿ˹ȥ˫һʬ֮䲦ŪţЩʬǲߣ㲦ʮʬ֮һöڵӳ֮ڣöӾӨ͸Ȼײ֪˶£ȴȻ£ӡһŹֵ󷨣룬ӵĺ֮ɢﲻȸղʰ񵽵ı׶Ҫ߼öֻ࣬ǲ֪ʲôãֻܻȥоˣƻвٱҶӽǬ棬ǰΡ
˳źһ·£겻ϵɨЩʬҲ֪˼ǧ꣬ǿǵʬȻͨ˸ΪӲҲˣЩһЩıսףޱȣˮĸʴҲֻǿһ飬ӵûʲôʮɣԶһʬҶע⣬ʬǺܶ඼鲻ˣֻǾʬǷǳһ˿ļûУΨǻϣһѺɫĳǺɫͨڣҲ֪ʲôɵģͨĳûʲô
ǣʬǵˣǰ϶һǿߣĳǿ߾ȻһɱѽӦҲǲ
ҶιȥѺɫ˳һ۽Уһ˿ĥ۶ûУָһ£ȻˮУǷһ죬Խ֮
ýҶ̾һһǸǿߵʬǣ֮ϣɫ̶ϵ߹ǣ⻬ƽѺɫķ
Ϻм֣Ĩȥ๸ɨһ£ǹ֡

һ־ԶƳϢ˳Žɢ˳ȥ
˵ףݲϵĲͬŲͬĻ֣ȵȣЩܹͨǿǿǰЩװ֮ϣһЩھɱ֮󣬲꣬ǲöصַ꣬ͨҪǿö࣬նɱʮߵȼǿߣΪ鱦鱦־Ʒ
ͨںӵ׷ǧ꣬ҲˣΨ鱦װܱ֮ǰ񵽵ıףٶһƷ鱦öɫҪ߼ö֪࣬ʲô鱦
öȻҪȥǬռ乻ҶǬ棬ǰѰӵ׺ö٣ս֮Ķ˺ܶ࣬еıս൱öһģȴûˡ


96 ʯ
Ҷںӵ׿ոֱһ·˼ʮںӵ׾Ȼ˲Ǭ˵Ǭֶںӵò꣬ͻḯʴ𻵣ЩǬ̽ӵµģЩӦҲ˺ӵ׵ʬǡ
ЩǬ棬һЩҩļǧţٵļʮţԾӶ࣬һЩ似鼮ƷôߣЩǬ棬ǬĿռǾֹģû𻵡
ںӵ߰˸Сʱ֮Ҷͳһջ񣬹ʮǬǬٶöֽвֵĵҩҲ߰ʮö⹦似鼮ʮ౾ںӵռĸֱʮֵĽвֵ£Ʃǿӵȵȣ
ȻҶЩ׵ĺûȷٶ鱦ģõ棬ƿúܶΪ֮
ǰһ޴ٲˮɱֱ£ֱԨҲ֪ˮҶ˳ٲȥֻγ棬˰ϣɨӤԶ˳źӰһֱߣĿⲻʱѰź档
ҶȻѾָǸӤϣƻǻúܲң֪ǰӤˣӤץסѾǲܵˡ
ԶʯԷӣʧʯ֮С
һᣬӤ׷Ѱٲߣٲֱ£ҶôҲٲ
࣬Ƕ׷ôãҶСһֱû棬ôʱҲƶѾں˰ɡôʱˣҶһֱںӵס
Ӥ֪һ¸ûвҶϢ²ҶѾںӵˡ
ӱֱ£޵ԨСӰһƣһЩˣûҲпܱԨˣôߵӦˡӤһµȻûҶʬ壬вôһ֮󣬾ÿο˺ܶࡣ
Ԩ޷ǰˣֻԱ̽һһ;±ǡ
Ҷţջô࣬Իȥˣһص¥ǲˣԭӤߵغӷصص¥ڵģȵص¥ڴ֮ȥû뵽Ӥ˾ǳ߹ˡ
ʮ׶ǿߵĸ֪ǳǸӤ˾̫϶ᱻ֣Ҷ룬ֻܼص¥
ӤԶһЩ˵Ҷһ·ɱΧ࣬ҵȼҲȵص¥Ǳߵĸ˲٣ٶ׵ģʱ߰˽׵ģͷų֮Щﶼܿˡ
꣬ڸߣҶʵص¥Ȼޱߣ沼˸ֽƣЩط߲ȥģֻ˳ŽƵıԵߣЩɨܵһӴޱȵ˵սľЩƵԪǰ˵ã
ãȻҡҡͷ
Ҷ̾һԼŵͼôص¥ȴûеص¥ĵͼֻûͷӬһײˣһЩŹֵϢҶԶԶġ
껹һô;һ˿ĺۼ·ˣҲ˳µϢһ
һ·н;żᷢһЩոǿߺ޵ʬ壬ЩʬϵϢˣܱһЩǿߺǲµĺۼǿߺ໥ɱǵͻʳ
Ҳ֪˶ã֮ҶѾԶԶذӤˣӤ˿Ѿ·ˣʱǲߣص¥ҲҶĺ棬Ȼ̫룬ص¥һ㣬ϤϤҲ޷һȶ̫ǿԪǰԺܻᾭص¥
ĽƱԵƣҶҲ֪ǵһʲôλˣСĵ̽ʱһȺȺΧӹҶѾϰˣֻҪάס껤Ϳˡ
Զһ߿ĳХƹƹҵشΪңǧڻսһ㡣
ǿߣ붼ǾŽϵģһ·ҶΧĽЧӦǴӰ֮⴫ġ
ǿ߻ǷʲôΪչᡣ
һ£Ҷڻԣ಻סǱ߷ɱ
ಣԷХ
Сʱ֮һƬޱȵƽԭҶ֮ڣǰһĻҶһֻԶĵϣһ޴ķ֮ڣⷨþʯöɵģռĶмʯųǧ׳Ͽո;޴ȣǵĽŶסϿƮƮȥһֻֻ͵ķݡ
ʱֲĴʱʱᴵ󺮷硣
ҶһϣǱ߿ȥ
ۼǧֻޡޣǴһţߵĽ䣬ٸۼһٶǾŽǿߣһȺˣǷŵ֮Уż


97 
޺ǿǶͣؽ󣬺֮У֪澿ʲô޺˳ɼһĶԸֻȡ
Щȣڻǣһɫ۵ĳ󺺸
ڣ
Ҷɨ֣ٸǿȻɢң¿ԷΪ岦ˣһЩ˵ŵˣÿһһϣʣһ֪ʲô۹ģʮӣһȽɢֻжʮˣ۹ĳЩҵˡ
ԭŵ˶ˣֲû֮ǿߡ
ֻȲʱش£ޡޡǿصشһʱذֻҲ֪ʲôģǿףôޡ޺ǿ߾Ȼκβǡ
һЩ޺ͼ֮УЩ͵һſڣ˼£γһҵ磬Ž׵ǿߺ޾Ǹһ㵹һƬڴˣ˻ֻȽ˥Ĺҵˡ
ս֪˶ãȴûһ˳֮С
ޡ޺ǿжвٴﵽʮ׶壬ҲЩȵĶ֣ƵƵ˳ȥ
ⷨ󾿾ʲôȻôҪȥ⡣ҶĪⷨ룬ʲôﲻɣ
һ󿴿֪ˣ뵽Ҷ΢΢һЦ꣬ҵĻ
ವһҶĻ
Ҷ£Щǿ߱ȥ
ǿ߶ʱۼһģûʲô죬սһţ޺ǱߣԵý򣬲ʱطһһǿĽ
һЩǿ߿Ҷֻǵɨһۣûᡣ
ҶȺҵ֮Уʲô˵ϹŷʲôģЩҲ˵һоϲͶˡ֪ϹŷǸʲôõġ
ֻȲʱ£أһһǿ߳󷽵˳
壡һȺʮǿַһ档
СޣҲֵطһȥһ彡׳ĸߴ׳һ֣ҪҶƿϲ̣һ޴ɷӡ
Ҷüͷһ壬壬׳һŽ׶ǿ߶ѣѹû
صһǸߴ׳ϣֱ۷飬ֵ˼ǰʮ߰꣬Ȼһʮǿߣһ˿֡
ҶҲǸ׳Ǳ߿곯˹ȥռĶٿʯɣΧ̽⣬ҫȫ֣Ҳ޷롣
ҫ۶ĿĪǷ뵱ʲô
ƺŨˡ
ǣôˣǸߴ׳ڷ㶣ԱһЩһʵ
ûʲôǸ׳ҡҡͷȻЩؿһҶıӰʮǿߣܲ𾪡
ͣһ£ЩҲųǱȥ
Ҷ뿴˷ıԵ
ԱЩǿȻǰ壬Ҷ͵ؼ٣˷ıԵ
һֻ͵Ⱦһž޴ĺӰֻµʱ򣬻ûצһģ
ˣЩŽ׸ַ׷Ҫӣֻʮ׶ǿŭһȭһ죬һ㣬ֻԶһ£ʮǿȴǱ˳ȥ
͵һΧǿϵͺҪһ㡣
أŽǿǵȭŹȵϣ޷˵ǡ
һۿžҪˣǿĴɢ
ҶͻȻǰ壬񱼶ȥ
ֻȳҶһһǿѹ£ȫҵļѹȵʵʮ׶ǿ߻Ҫǿöࡣ
ǿʵҶԤϣ͵һСֱ꣬ȵԼʡ
ﻹǺõģȹֽһԱȥ
Ҷû꾪ȣȱˣǽдǿӿ뷨֮Уֻȣȴӣ˷֮Уܿʧһʯͷ档
ԴӸղŸҶһ£һֱעҶҶıӰʧ˾ʯ֮ĿԵЩ͡
ǣôˣ
Ǹˣ˷󣡡𾪵ָŷô˲ͣس󣬵ûһܹɹ룬Ҷʲô׾ͽȥˣ
ԱǸɨһ۶ָķһƬʯ֮⣬ʲôˣ
ۻ˰ɣΪֹû˳ȥأʮ׶ǿ߶˻
ҾûۻǸȷʵȥˣǼᶨصǷǳɾͽȥˣΧһھŽʮǿȻĵطų棬һⶼȴ˻Ǹ꾿ôģͼԭҶķӶըˣҲûҶôȥģƾٴҲ뵽ֶ
ľʯ֮УҶ濴һۣЩǿ߻ڲͣس棬һȣʮǿҲƨΨҶȴɵؽˡ
ⶫԣ


98 Ϲž鷨
Щʯɵķ󣬾ʲô󣬾ȻôǿΪ֮˷˳žʯƽ̹·һֱǰڵĴʲôƣҶԵøСġ
Сһʱ䣬һ·ȴǷǳƽûʲô鷳
꣬ûĿַ󣿡Ҷʵ궮ĶǷǳģĶҶͻѯʰꡣ
ҡҡͷ֨֨ؽл˼
ҶһЩ˵ⷨȻûȷˡ
ȻˣҶŵľͷˣȥԽǿ룬ԽŨڵƺˣͣתмǿƣҲһ˿˿궯
ȻⷨȷʵЩ֮
Ǹоʲô˷ܵؽлವһ£ҶĻȥ
ҶƬ֮󣬷һԲʮ׵ĽɫԲ̳֮ڣɫԲ׭һһͼ飬ԶŲ֮һ˵ׯϣͼӵ׭֣θӣϡԱϳ顯֡
鷨
ҶᣬĪǾ־ǽ˼
Ũ̶ʮ־ˣȻҶɵӿû취ȽϵģڵԼٶȣǿ꣬൱ѵˡ
ǸɫԲȥһ̤ɫԲ֮УľʱһƬɫԲһֶصãзҵ˼
һ۰꣬վڷ룬ǽĳ״̬΢ա
Ǹĺõط֪ܷΪͻʮףҶɫԲ̵ȥڽɫԲ̵ʼﴦľǿʼתӿȻ⣬Ķ·Ѿ޹ء
ʱƣԽԽǿߺ޻۵˾鷨֮⣬ҲһЩǿߺھϵس֮ѡ˷еԶԶеѾ뿪ˡ
ضŷһֱûҶҲ˼Σⶼʧˣֻܲʵ˻
ʱţսһֱֻͣ;޴ȣȫ֪ƣΪľػž鷨
Сʱ֮Ⱥһ
ˣ
ڶǿǳǱ߿ȥֻľʯһķʽƶţͣرãʯ͵Ħ¡¡ľ졣
ÿһ죬󶼻һΣҲǺܶǿǲԸȥԭ
ڷתͬʱΧͻȻŨص¥һ˷£˹ڷΧγһ޴š
һ޺ǿǷ׷ҵطΧھ鷨ΧʼܶŽʮ׵ǿΪһΪλôϧһ
ֻоŽ׶壬鷨һЩλֲģֻԶһЩĵطȻñȽԶΧŨٶȱƽʱ˺ֹʮʮ
һۣ뷨ôԶŨǷŨ˺̶ֳȣİٱǧֹҶжˬһ뵽ǼʵÿҪѪڷһӣеļҵϣǼ绨С檶Ը⣡ֻҪڷһӣ˵ϣͻﵽʮǿߵľˣ
һת˶˷ˣƽ
ʱھ鷨Ҷüͷ΢ΪеͻȻоǿʮȫ񱩵תٶȱ֮ǰʮ౶ֹ
Ҷ֮ǰٶȾѾǳˣٶȣǿÿֲݡ
ҶоԼӿڣһͻ˾Žڣﵽ˾Ž׶׶Σǰ濴ȥǰֻҪܼʮǿ֮У
ҶŽڵʱ򣬱ʮ׳ǿ߶ԿڴﵽŽ׶壬֪ܴܲùʮڵǼʮǿ֮УҶҸӤˣ
ֿѫةӤҳ˾鷨һˣҶĵһתУؼȡ
Դ֮кһը죬ʶ÷ǳγҶ꽥Ư˿УΪ˲ڶ޵ɧңҶϢҲûҶԸоһһŻɿس߾ۼ˹
Щǵص¥ȥǿĲл꣬ЩлѾûǰʶһ֮һʱƣǻὥصȥȻʧ٣޷κӡǣһֻת֮
ҶЩȻԼģЩлȻǰЩǿµģô꣬ĵòˣ֮󣬸ֻʣһΪҶãʤ࣬ص¥ɢĲлʵ̫̫ˡ
һһ׳ҶѾַԲķΧˣǿ߶Կ̫ʵٲ֮ǰôˡ
ɿתӣָͣԭ״
Щ޺ǿ֮ط񣬼ʶ鷨ǿǸȲҪ鷨֮Уһξ鷨ת֮ǰ뷨ģܵ鷨ޱŨ
޺ǿƶطһһ棬ֻھ˸ղŵϴ֮ƺøǿʢһЩǽػž鷨󣬲ʱһЩǿߵǵĹ֮¡
ôҲ벻ƴҪ鷨ʱҶȻݵضڷ룬ѾСʱϴ
ʱ򣬻Ȼȴʱ䣬СʱǲŹƬһ㡣


99 䱦
ص¥һӤѫʯ֮䴩УκԶһ·ϱҵӵ֮ڵص¥һת˺ܾãöһû񵽣Ǽ˲ͭûȥһ˵ܴһ֮⵹ŪǬȥĸʧģҲһЩͼѣֶӤѹ
ǸĴۣЩջʵ̫΢ˣӤѫûеͼߴ˵ط⵽˳ȺӵΧһҲˣʣһ·ÿ˶һЩˣϵ·þؤһ
ϵѪ˴ں棬ЩŵζҰһ㣬β治ȥѫ˷ǳƣͣϢսľʮǿһ𣬱˴ӦڱЩ
ԭǼһСʱ˵͵鷨ˣܴ죬ѫӤùģЩ˶֮ԴӸλ֮󣬾ûðôķˣתˡ
ӤЩգ֪͸Żһص¥ˡ
֮ǰ׼ص¥ʱӤ˱ԼС̣ǸŵһԼƣ;ջ붼ҪУǷֱŵĶ֣Լֱ֮ŷ֣ص¥ΣķضǱ뵽һ·ϵǻڵóӶˣ
ÿεص¥ŵеص¥һϸͼЩͼŵľϣӲ⴫ǧ괫ģص¥ÿʮ꿪һΣһܻʮꣿ˶Եص¥Ȼ֪٣ΪϵĹϵÿν˳˳ˮЩɢ½ÿζ
Ȼ۹֮ڣǶ⣬֮˼ٽӴŵϢٴӤȻ۹ӸλҲô˽⡣
ӤҪأֵþһˣһ·ϵΣղʱ٣
Ӥѫ˿νˮһգһ·ĲۼޱȣȣҶȻ߹ĵطǲ࣬һ׷ɢһ·ûһսҪ֪Ҷ˳˿Ϲž鷨룬ΪϾ̶̼СʱʵѾˣҪѪ
Ӥԭ·ʱ鷨ΧսڼҵؽţҶҲһ̲ͣš
ǱߣҶǰ๦似ؾԺһ˿˿似Ҳˡ
Ҷվתڵһ㣬ͣС
ŭɽӣ
Ҷʩչһŭɽ似һƵϵ˳ƵӿһƵ£Ŀɽ޸£ױȵķơϵǿĹŭɽһʽӵ˼۷塣
ɽӣ
һ£Ҷŭɽ似Ѿﵽ˴ɾ磡
Ҷ֣鷨ĽɫԲ֮似һԵĸоʩչ似ʱڵÿһ˿Ŵøԣֻ΢ʩչҶ֪Լ似ﲻԣ⣬ֻʩչһ飬еĴ©ġ
ͺһһʩչŭɽ似һƵ֣ƣȸղŵһʩչʱǿ˼֡
ڶʩչҶŭɽһʽѾﵽ˴ͨҪﵽԲ磬ҪԵˡ
Ȼϰ似ıأ
Ҷ˷ܵţǬｫǬһ˳ҳ
Ǭʽض
һʽضһȷƷг似ԵȺΪں˽ϵͻϵʽнϵޱȷĹҲлϵǿɱҶϸϸһһģʩչ
ضķдʮ꾡Ҷתһʩչܸı仯֪ﲻԣȻСȵصƷг˵似ĳ̶Ȼǲ˵һЩţûоʱоҲջҶڵνǵ鷨󣬷·Ϊ似ģҶֻҪŬڽضվûʲô⡣
κһǵ˾鷨룬ƶˣҶȫ֮С
Ҫ˹Ҷ鷨ǾͱȽˣ˵һܣһֱû˽ҶֵУҿûʲô𼶵ǿ߹ȻĻƾϿֻȣǵסּǿߵġ
Ҷ֪ǣ⴦鷨λһӴĽ֮У𼶵ǿǽģܹǿߣҲʮ׶ѣ鷨ϿյֻȣͱǸɵˡ
Щʮ׶ǿߣֻڷֱнؿž鷨Ũȴܲ˵һĪļ尾
ص¥ûֻʼջ谵״̬֮һһȥ֪˶á


100 
Ҷһһضһʽͨ͸ޱȣʩչҲǺ޳֮ͣ󣬱㵽˴ͨ磬ʼϤһ似գҶ꣬˽һױҲԽԽˡ
ΪҶϲѡ
ĳһ죬Ҷ似ȻЩԾһɱϢĸ֪ΧڣѸٵسϢ׷˹ȥֻһͷɫĸʨӣ֮ڡ
ȻøϻӺ񣬵ҶһӾ˳һͷĸʨͷĸʨȻҲڻսг˾鷨󣬿վʧֵʱ
ͷĸʨһֻޣʮڵʵô죬޳鷨Ҳ֮С
ĸʨ¶˻飬ԣǹãǾʵʵشɣһ¶ϲɫŨϢһ£˵޽ӽʦǿ߾ˡ
Ե⣬Ȼ䣬һǿޱȵĻ˷Χſˣսսֱ£ؽкʦϵǿ߲ӵеģܿģҵүô鷨棬ǿߣǿߣô
ŵһϮǿס˿ֱµҪǿߵʵ㶯һɢƺڵҪ֪Ͳˣ
Ҷһ£ͷĸʨҲ֪ʲô˵
ߺˣҴϷҶ괫ѶϢȥĿѧģҶϾе㺢ԣÿοЩ޼Լ꣬ŵƨҲмֺ档
ĸʨӼҪ޳ˣҪ֪鷨һǿߣʮҲﴳæ£СŮӲ֪ˡſǻŵરવصԵó
СĸʨͦģҶӣ˼֣ˣҲ׽ŪˣߺˣʱͻȻϡﻩˮҶЩɻ󣬵ˮһɨɵۣСĸʨȻˣ
ҶЦһ£СĸʨҲ̫С˰ɣȻŵˣҶȴǲ֪޺޵ôһִڣҲܹġ
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ҶȻ뵽ʲôͷĸʨȵȡ
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Ҳȥˣԭɣ̤ΧʮҶĸʨӳȥ֮󣬻߼ǿߣҪԼʹˣͷĸʨΪáҶ֪޷ƿƵġ
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ߡҶװһĵΡ
ĸʨŵһʵ֮ô˵Ҳмͼģ޺޵磬۷Ĵڣһ檣󹬱ĵҪԺʮ˵ֻС˼κһֻ޻ޣĴڣʹ͵ʲôǵΪͻͽ
Ҷ£ΪҶ˼أҶһߣŵòУΪҶˣҲǣĸǻǧߴڣǧУʲôŮû欵ĺ崿˵èԸĸɰ˵¹ֻҪһ֣ѧ˻εޡŮȲصȥôһֻζĸʨӣ
£СŮ֪ˡСĸʨɥΨҶһĳࡣ
ʵشŰɣﶼȥһҪҶ˻ĨĨͷĺҲ̫װˣһСĻᱻĸʨӡĸϻĸܵϷ
ҶεɫǺӣһԵİ۾ԭԲԲˮĴ۾һϸϸ£ЩؿҶϸëһ˵޺ġ
ӣҶ֪ЦԼеյص꣬ͲҪȡЦˣŰǿɰĵӣӰĶ䣬Ҫ˵˹ңҾڹأ޶ữΣ֪껯֮󣬻ʲôأҶĳ껯֮󣬿϶һǵŮ


101 Ǳߵˣ
һĨΣͷצӹ˹˵֪ߣСŲмڹأ
꣬ҳЦңҲƨɡҶ߳ŭѰһĴڰСƨϡ
һ£ȫȾκɫǻ˵һ㣬صһҶ
ĵ̬Ҷĺ˿˿ͷţ˻ˣ汻ֻСèˡ
꣬ͬʮޣΪʲôͷĸʨӻ˵ȴ᣿Ҷʵһ뵽ͷĸʨӣҶëͷа˲ɢ
ཱུСצӱȻһ£εСмСӡ
˵ǵͼޣǸߵȵޣҶʵΪʲô˵ķߵȣ
Ȼ˰죬Ҷף޺޻᲻˵ҲйأΪﵽʮףҪһ䣬ѧ仹̫СˣͷĸʨӻٶŴﵽʮף˰Ļ֮ҶͷһղԼȻһͷĸʨϷˣ갡ҶһҪѪĳ嶯
ǻǲҲйأҶʵ֪Ϊʲôһֵʧ䣬ҪǰҲҪܻ֮ΣԼⱲӶˣ꣬񲻳֣
峺ҶַһĨϼȴûлشҶ⣬ߵҶߣҶĴϣм۵ӡ
û˵Ҷ룬ܰ᲻ữΣûʲôԼǻ԰õģ뵽Ҷ̹Ȼˡ
ͷĸʨӵҶָ֮󣬹ԹԵشԭһֻΧʮΧڻҪǻߣҶڷѾǸжˡЩ£Ҷһˣ־ͰɱˣϾǿ߶ϲŭ޳ģɱ֮ͶѡܣҲǲܵģƤӵܣܳ鷨һ׷ٹǱɣ
ֻˣսľԭš
ⲻһСҶûзϣɨһۣȷͷĸʨûܵˡ
ʱĽչ൱ģƷг似ض˴֮ͨҶƷϳ似գҲ˼һʽϵ似ǳƷ࣬ʩչʱâɣ죬գˣҿ鷨ط㹻㹻Ŀռϰ似
һһյһЩϣһʽ̫ǿˣҶĿǰʵֻܷӳʮ֮ѣ֪ʱܽʮףܽʮףյܶࡣ
Ƚ鷳ǣҪ֧ţһʩչ֮ҶڵһӾͱˣ߶ɵҲҪһָܻԲ򲻵ѣʩչ似һвУ޷ɱ˵ˣ˷˾鷳ˡ
ʮ֮˵һЩ
鷨ٶô죬һŬ£ҶһʱǾԲߵġ
ҶұҶ뿪֮ҶұȻһ䳡ϣһŬţһɳľ
Ҷս˴䳡Ա߹ⷬ龰¶οЦݣҶұȷʵǰһˣÿﶼϣ
ս죬ȥˣҶʵ
ѾʮˡҶսҲû룬ѿڶҶߺһֱʱ䡣
ʱ찡ҶĿԶȻЩǣң룬ԳʵӦòʲôΣա
⼸Ҷұ˺üˣǰص¥ģЩ˵һЩǰ͸ҶұϵãҶұסһ죬Щ˲⣬ʶҶұʵ֮һʶȤ뿪ˡϼұؼұȼʵı˷˼ʧǳأձ壬༸ٶܵһЩӰ졣
ҵû㹻ʵԱѣ༸ϢҶұһͨǸǶҶĻмûҶҶұָҲؼұϼұһ֮
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дҶұϿգһֻţֻһ໢ѸӰױЩ겻
ʲô飿
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׼
ǽϵǷ׷װ׼еĴǶѵأʮȫ׼ΪҶұʼģǷǴӶֿ¹ʮǿ൱͵ģ䣬Ž׸ֵֶס
ֻҶսҶһۣǱߵڻˡ
ûҵ˭ҶսҶұ
ǣ峤õҶսָһǸϽ˻һɲ֪׷ʲô飬Ȼ޹Ϊʲô峤ǹ
ҶɣȥыYҶһԱߵҶɵ
ǣ幫ҶɷɿسҶYұȥҶYһ˼һһϷޣΪ˺ƣߣҶYǼҳġ
Ҷɲܵ·ҶYѾӼˣɿظ˹
ʱҶұϿղͣ߶ԽԽͣ¡


102 ȥ
䳡ϵһڼӵǶۼ˹۷׷ף²Ŵ
񻺻䣬ԽԽͣŷִϻһˣأ֮£һ˲ɵһͣȴëͶëҪö֪࣬ʲôޣȻ˽ѱˡ
ҶY̧ͷֻ񣬽ҧűݣһ˿Ȼİˡ
ҶҶս쿴һҶYȻһ̾ϧûлYһˡû˲ͣYǶôһԣҶͷһꡣ
һι˷׷ױãǴҶұĹ㳡ϡ
ɳһڼӵſ˴ӣôߣȫڵë๺ͷĸצǾִ죬ޱȣֻƣȾŽ׶໢ѸӰױҪǿʢܶ࣬Īʮ޲ɣ
໢ѸӰױֻԶԶصͺûǵС
֮ͣһˣһòʮµ긾ˣͷ߸𣬲˸ӣׯɨһԶ໢ѸӰױ¶һ˿֮ɫȻû뵽ҶұھȻҲޡ
û뵽ҶҶұСֶδԶӭˡҶս칰ֵһԱߵċYͷЩȻ
ҶսĻ긾˰˰֣˵Щ׻ˣҽ׼Yߵġ긾⣬żְȻҶս첻ô
ҶսȻжԷҶѣһеɵˣ긾˿Ҳʮҵӣ־Ȼô󣿶긾ҲҶҶұȻҲһЩ֮ͬɢڸأû˵ʲôͷܴݰ
֮УһЩЩͨǲ֪ģֻ׵峤֪˵Ҷұһ֧긾ڵһ֧ôһЩԹδ壬֮ǰһЩ飬˫ܻ
ҶѣܷËYҶұסһʱ䣬ËYǵ𣿡Ҷս쿴ҶYͷһһֱû÷ϧ˫ݲ̫⡣
ⲻУûʱﶺ͵ߡ긾ҶȻܾ
Ҷ̬ǿӲҶսҲû˵ʲôҶYYǱ߱ϾĸԼɡ
ҶҶ̬ȣмŭһˣȻһ۾ͷϣĿˡ
ҶĿ£ҶսԵҶY۾һǰλݡͤͤŮǋYϸ֮£ҶYģĸȷʵмƣҶ¶һ˿ϲǋYɣʵ̫ˣȥġ
ҶY˿Ҷֿ˿Ҷսˣ峺УȴһĨԻȥİˣȻ֪Լ϶Ҫ뿪Ҷұģû뵽һô졣Ҷ绹ûл뿪ҶұӴ֪ûлټҶһ档
YЩҲûкúչ㣬һ·ءҶЩ˸еص
幫ǶԋYܺãYһֱûлᱨǵ֮܋YһݡӨӰϻ䣬ҶYҪݵȴҶס˵ġ
СҶұ󣬾͸ҶŮһȻչ黹ҪȥĸҪסߵҶұļңʱԻҶЩ˻ҶYһߣ֪ûл
ս첮ҰЩתҶɡҶYǬóһ£ذţ̧ͷҶս죬зһ˿⣬һҶԴ򿪡
ҶսҶYˣ̾һͷһպãȳתġ
ҶY᳦ϣҶ粻ҲãҶڣֻôҲ᲻뿪ҶұˣܣҶұһһľϤͯõļ䡣Сʱ۸ҶһֱάʱҶļʵģޱů֪ʲôʱʼ׽֮齥ػŮ㺣
Ҫ뿪ˣ˶޷˽⣬жôĲᡣ
ҶYĸҲ˹ް߰ףۿᣬΡΡȻһʼ֪ôһ죬ԼŮҪ뿪Լˣ˼ĶҪˡ
ףĸףŮһݡҶYʵصϥ¡
ҪҶYҶYǼֹ£λصؿͷ
ΣҶĸв죬ҶYݺε󣬾Ȼûͨ¹ߵͷиĸףҶYĸʲôɫãصһ
ҶY˸ᣬһͷ
ȥɡҶߴٵŵҶYǱߣ֪ǱߵĺãͲҶұˡ
Ҷɵ˲ͣػ֣YϵϺõŮӴ޳
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ҶǿҶôҶܿɶΪʲôҪыYߣǳǵľҲûа취
ʵҶҶսǷŭǋYȥǱߣȋYˣYҶǶõһԵYֹТ˳츳ҲûȨֹҶYȥĸҶұҲûǸʵY¡


103 ޺ӥ
ҶYϴҶתߵҶҶսߣһ۵˵ЩYҶұչˣЩл񡣡ҶݸҶսһǬ
ҶսɫһЩ졣
YҶұʮ꣬⣬˵߾ʹˣѹˣҶұǲ𣬵YҲ̰ͼǵʩᣬûȥɡҶܲãҶҶYߣѾǳˣҶô߸ϣӵ㶫ǣʲô˼
ҶôӲĻҶЩŭһССҶұˣҲҶײԼΪҶYҶұﳤøҶҶսϻ
ǬöˣǰҪҪҶһ˵ʲôҶұôСԣ˰ɣţ֪ǬöҲǻܲģҶҶս϶۰Ͱ͵ѵҩ¡ҶұYҪͽҶYĸ
ʮ꣬YǿųģYĸԸⵤҩǲյģҶذɡҶսȻؾҶұȷʵҪͽҶYĸʮ꣬YҶұҶս콫YԼŮһ㣬˶Ҷұʲôˣ
ҶұϡǵĵҩҶ޵صҶս죬ܳסǸȻƴ󣬵ҶYĸĸҶұôôһЩݹϵҶҶұɣǧ߹ǧ̥ζˣѵںö˻Ҫй޶˵ؿˡ
ãҶұйҪˣĪһҪҪɣҶɫϣǬ˻ŭһתߡ
ͣҶ䲻ص
Ҷö˶ţÿҶұ鶼ôʹ죬ȴǲҶұ﷢ǸҶұϵֵٽҲһЩԻĶԹȻ֮ͬˣ˭޷ıģȻҶYĸҲ֮ʱһʱ̾뵽ыYҶұˡ
ҶYˮģߣȴûҶҶҶսŷ𣬿ҶұһԽԽԶͣػӶС֡
幫סĸףټˡҶ磬ټˡǰ·Ҫ뿪۹ԶУԺº֮ʱˡ
ԶԶطߣʧʵľͷ
ص¥һ㣬鷨룬ҶȻϥţص¥ȫģҶҲϵ໢ѸӰױ֪ҶYѾ뿪Ҷұ
Ҷţص¥оŲ㣬ÿһ㶼һռ䣬мͨһص׵ıһ㣬һ㣬˾ľ鷨󣬲֪漸ЩʲôҶص¥ǿҵĺ棬ʮףӦÿԴһڶռˡ
λԪǰĻ˵ص¥һ֪Ǻֱжܣͨġ
ص¥߻谵޵ĵͺǿߵĸߺȲʱش
ÿһ죬鷨󶼻תһΣͲл˷۹ʱȴٺòˡ
Ҷﵽ˾Ž۷߲Σֻһ㣬ͻʮˣҶĸ˷ܡ꣬ҲøӾˣɵؿľɢͽ׵ĻʱڶԷȫ޷֪Լ²̽Է޵ƮڿУԲﷶΧľ󣬾
濴ȥ޺޴ʮ޾ʮֻʮ׶ϰֻֻȵ˻ʼ޷Խ׳ذ벽ߵǿԾŽ׸־Ӷ࣬ʮ׵ĴҲͶʮӣܶ˴ͳһķΡ
ôޡ޺ǿ߲ϵҪ鷨ȴôҲ岻ԼȴȻھ鷨ô죬ҶҲЩС⡣
Ҷ۲֮ʱһֻʮ׶ĺӥڻս֮УͻȻ٣ڼֻȵķ϶дವһ˾鷨档
ֻӥͲ˫չҲûףٶֿ죬һʱȻûס
ʮ׶ĺӥޣ
ͷӥ鷨֮ŵٵطУͷĸʨ֮е㱻ŵϽƿһξ룬鷨ֱɶ
ĸʨҲӹķӥ¶һ˿ͬ顣
Ӳˣƻᱻ°εëˡĸʨ૵֮䣬мֻҿԼû壬ײ£ͷӥûôõˡ
ӥһ㣬ԼҶѸٵ˹ȥͷӥ
ӥһܵҶϢʱŵûصһײ˾鷨ʯͷϣˤڵأ˺óһξ룬ͣסԵǱ
ౣӥĵվ˼Ҷġ鷨뻹һ·̣ûпҶˣѾоǿĻѹǿɡ
ӥޣ
ӥȻͽСս൱ģǳǿᡣ
շôһֻӥҲǲģӥٶȼ죬ռ鱨ȵȶôԼѾշֻޣû취Ƶֻˡ
е㲻İʮ׶ĺӥޣ򲻹еĵǿߣӦҲǲԶˣΪʮڵޣѾ൱еʮ׶ˡ
ӥޣҪǿöࡣ
꣬ܲշҶԵİʵӥѾŵòУԭزҶˣðһԣҲʮ׵ޣ


104 ֻ
Ŀһһɻ˳ȥӥޣĻҶƵĸоֻǿȻȲҶꡣ
ĻסӥޣͼѱӥޣһᣬǴܵҡҡԴ֨֨ؽ
ӥѾˣҶһüͷһʮޣ껹ǿѱģֻֻӥˣǾͲˡ
ô죿
Ҷе㲻ģôһֻʮ׶ĺӥôˣҶƬ̣ôԼҪһԣֻܲܽӥѱ
곯ӥ˳ȥӥ뵽˺ӥԺ֮С
ǺӥǸоʲô͵һһַĵսǿҪɱֻҪѹĻͿˣовҲκһ˿˿ĶƾѾȫ˵ֿ
ҶӥԺ֣֮ӥĻҲСһСȭͷһСǻۣӥܻҪ໢ѸӰױӥĻһɫ״һ㣬ɫ״Եһ˿ɫĻһ˿ɫĻǺӥģǺӥ˵Ļ
ղҶ̽ˣ޺ǿҲʮ׶壬ӥˣӦһֻʮޡ
Ҫôܽһ˿ɫ룬ȻԼꣿҶƬ̣൱һֶһСģڳɫʱӰ쵽˺ӥĻֻӥǾͻᱻƻһǻ۶ûСİ׳գһֻӥҲûʲô˼ˡ
ҪڳɫͬʱӰ쵽ӥĻУ
˰죬ҶҲû뵽İ취˳˼֮УԼꡢ˽⻹̫ˣܶ;ԼģҪഫĵ伮ԲοǾͺúܶˣֻϧԼĪԼԺҲҪѧһѧ޺ǵ֣
벻׵ģΨУ飬ʧܣֻӥͻˣ
ǣҲûĺð취
ȵȣҶһһԴԼôôɵҪǵɫ룿̵ܲܰͿˣ
뵽ҶһЦԼһ˿סǵɫǵɫǸоΣһ㣬ҪǱҶعסһ㶼޷أҶ꿪ʼʴһɫɫһһڣڽҶ棬ɫһ˿ҲҶա
Ƭ̹ǵɫʧ٣ȫҶɵˣУӥĻûܵκһ˿Ӱ졣Ҷһ˿˺ӥĻϡ
󹦸ɣ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˻ֻӥսսվȣ׹Ѿһˣȶط鷨ȥ
鷨֮⣬һֻɫͷӥɫ䣬ӥ֮ϵѾжˣںӥڵһ˿ȻһǿɣĻҲ⵽һ˿ݺӥ󴫵ݹϢǾ鷨룬Ȼһǿߣе벻ףΪʲôǿ߻ﲻǱ˽ƣʦϵޡ޻ǵϵǿ߶ǿΪʲô鷨Ȥ
ЩƾԴҲ벻ͨЦ֮ǰһֱϵس鷨Ҫ棬֪һƲޡ޻ǿߣ⸽ˡ
λֵܣϵһͷӥطһ·ݶȥ
Сôˣô˵߾ߡ
ҲףˡһЩӡʨš
ͷӥ˽֪ΣգܵˣҲ޽ͣҲ£ˣǵļҵ޵ǻ۲ѷɫ࣬ȻҲٲЩĶǡȽ϶ԣǻ۽ϵͣ˼άͱȽϵˡ
ӥ˷һʯͷϣûҶָǲ̤뷨ĽɫԲ̵ġ
Լѱĵֻˣ
ҶԴţĪѾˣֻӥǵֻޣ룬־òԣԼص¥֮ǰ´һָ뿪ҵطԼӦûܵһЩˣԼһоûУɼš
ĪԼڲֻͬշֻޣշࣿ
ӥʮ׶ޣһֻޣӤҲӮһͷ˰ɣӤһҪʮ׶޵뵽ҶĲҪǻշܹ࣬齨һ֧޴ˣ
ȷʵȽ⣬ҶҲ֪ԼܹշޣֻҪлᣬҶһԣԼļֻޡ
ӥԱߵʯ֮ϣĸоȵؿ˿ҶҶȻշֻޣֻ޻Ǵӱģȫ֪


105 ڼ׾
Ҷڵ꣬ȰлҪǿðЩȲоڵȥˡҶɢ֮󣬰Ҳһ˿ѿڰͨĻ깲棬໥ã֪ĺ
̧ͷ˿ݵĺӥҶһ£ԺӥǰѾдëëëˣӽԺͽëɡӥëҲëɣֱȽϺüһЩ
Ҷӥһö߽Ȼӥ´ָúӥԼȥˡ
֪滹᲻޽Ҷ룬һֻշһֻԼ޷շðһԡǽޣû취շˣ޵Ļǿ󣬿ɲױơ
֪޵ĻôģҶһ£Ѹٵ˳ȥͷĸʨĸʨԺоһ
ĸʨһоҶ꣬ŵòҶˡ
ҶɨһЩ֣޵ĻһŵģС죬һȥͿԽסˣ޵ĻͬɢҵģһԺŨ̶ԶԶ޵ĻԱ״ⷢɢ˵Ļ޷渽ţᱻơ
ѹշȴշˣ߱Ͳһ
о֮Ҷ˻ȥ
оҶȥͷĸʨŴһԼӹһ١
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һʱ䣬Ϊ似Ȼ⾳棬ȴû̫ͻơҶȻ˵֮һҲֻƤëľȴᡣ
ýʱ䣬úõظһµľ衣
ҶΧԼصת仯붨ڵľǣɣͣתǳ仯
ԴŸ֮ҶҲûеĳһֹʱ޿ֹ̣ڲϵ쳽κҲ޷һ
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࣬Ҫص۶𣿡ѫǫʵȴ˼ת
۶ǱߣҪ򡣡Ӥ׵һѫʲô˼ֱ˵ɡ
ǹҶұҶұҶСڵļ壬Ҷұԭֻʮ˱һɺСʵǿҲֻһŽ׳ڣ֪أҶôţ˵ʵҲͻͽץֻŽޣѾǵĸ󻼣ҶСӦѾˣҶұܲѫһ˵һ߿ӤķӦ
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Ǹǿ߼ȻΪҪĪǵı٣һԵʮ֮ϵǿߣǱ֪ᱻǰ֮أͻᱻ׷м˵Ļᱻ塣
۹ûһǿܹ۶Կ
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࣬ôӤѾѫֿ֪Ƽұĺ̨ƼұҶұ壬Ҷұֿ֮䣬ΪѫĸףȻҪѫˡ
ǸǿΪ˶۵٣Ǿͺðˣ¶ԷʵǷǳ׽ԷŭҲǲǡҶұǿһֱ֣ǲһˣ޷ۡɺڼ׾ҶұΧˣ˵ǱǣһЩĦ̽̽ҶұҶұǿ֣߳ûһתءʮǿǵ𾳵ǿߣȻ۳潫٣Ǹǿȥ˽֮أǻǿԺúõʰҶұӤһЦ
Ǹǿһֱأ۾һҲһЩ뷨
Χʮ죬Ǹǿ߻֣˵Ҷұ벻ǸǿߣǸǿ߸Ҷұû̫Ľ飬ֻǸνǿ߸ͲڣҶұ׫ǾͿԲȡҵжˡӤһЦ
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Ҷֿ̻һΣ˵Ҷұ˶ֿ岻ٺöҶұ֮ҶұĶȫУΣѫǺһЦ
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ӤѫҲվ͡
ӤıӰʧȵľͷ޷޵ӤƥһֻϺ꣡
ѫЦӤҪߣ˭סӤ֮Լ뿪ֿҪֿƲϵһѫʲôǲǿߣӤ⣬ֻʮ׻ǵǿߣӤԻὫ٣ֿҲҪлôԿҶұĶѫôָӤһģǶ̫٣˻Ὣ֮ϣ˭ѫ˵
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ȻЩҶұǸǿߣѾ·ҶұǿǵʱʰҶұֻ¶û취ˡ
ֿ㳡һǧɫս׵߽׺ڼ׺ڷվһ׺ڷϣҲźʵףװݡ
Ŷֿһ£һǧڼʿˣﳾ𶯣ͬװ¡¡ֱҶұȥ
ڼӳֿľǶ۷׷ףֿ꣬ǵһζúڼӣ֪ʲô飬ĪǶֿʲôطңĳҪˣ


106 Χ
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Ǿʮ׳ڶһߣκһܹʮףͲôˡҶս֣ϧΪⶫģ
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Ҷ˷׷жһʱ徭ýΪԣ֮Ķ˺ܶࡣ
׼죬Ҷұȫս״̬Ϊ˲öֿƥڱУÿһСֵդ
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¡¡ƥʱĺԶҶұ֮Уһݵĸо
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ҶұھӳҶս˷׷һ㣬Ҷұǽͷ温ɫ񱼶ȻЩصĺɫףǶԺڷԣȴ̫ĸڶ͵ɽ·Ȼƽһ㡣
ڼƽһɱ֮ҶұǽΪ֮ɫ䣬ڼ׾һǧˣȫ߽ϵĸ֣һ֧ս֮ʦʮνҷ˵жɱʮ
ҶұʮŽ׸֣Ҳ޷һ֧ŻˣҶұһ϶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫ֪һսһΪҶ֮ˣս蹶
Ҷս졢ҶȭͷתھŽ׶Ѿͣ˺ܾãֻһ߾ͻʮףٸǰʱ䣬Ȼܳ嵽ʮףϧ첻Ը̫ˣ
Ǻڼ׾ǰһ޷ڽףóꪣµĺڷҲͨڷߴܶ࣬ݣѫѫʺڼ׾սҲһ罫ΪˣҲ
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Ҷұţֿ˻ⱣѵҶұҶұΣʶɱҶұѫۻҶұϿջص
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ĪǡҶˣҶ뵽ʲôѫ϶ЩҶұôһǿߣԲǿҶұ̽̽ǵķӦǹһʱ䣬ʼûгǿΪҶұ棬ŻعҶұ
˵е˷׷ͬҶĿ
лһҶұԱ֮ؿģذɡҶսص
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Ҷ似Ʒ죬֮ʱ羪׹ȳƷѷɫϧҶδ֮衣
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壬ôһսֱ˷׷׹еʵ
ΣҶŻ³֣ѫʮ׸֣
ҶѾǾŽ׶ļޣΨʮ׸֣һƽܣֲѫţԭѾʮˣ
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ҶһսȭͷҧأҶսţȥˣֻؿѫҶұǰҫ
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ص¥ҶĽҪͷʮ׽ǰԵ֮һ˸Ҷҽһ磬ңʱҾ磬ٶȱʮҪҾҲȽѣʱҲ̣ܶһֱάסҵ״̬϶н档
ҶţͣػʶԺǰѷɵѾǰʶԴɵֻԴ˵һͷһʲô飿


107 ɵ
ҶоһЩȫµĶֶƺ껹ҪǿҼֻ֣һţҶ̽ʱ򣬷Ѿ׽ˣߵ֮ˡ
һգ䤱ɫ԰ףȫ
ԼΪ£ǲҪɵˡ
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Ҷǣ֮£ѷɵصתҶͣлǶȣϸع۲ѷɵҶģǰѷɵΣС״ƣҲǲࡣ
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Ҷ֪ǣȫע۲ɵ֮ʱѾԺǰѷɵһ˿˿ɵ֮ϡ
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뵽Ҷ곯ޡ˹ȥҶ꣬Щͽ׵ǸоҶڹ۲ǵġ
޺ǲͣǰ棬ǻսһֻʮ׶Ļ͵һ壬׼øצһֻȣֻĪһ£ವһ˾鷨
ֻ鷨棬Ȼججô޲ͣس鷨ôԼôһӾͽˣʵеĪ֪鷨ʵҶڵ¸ʱҶһֹ꣬һֻȡ
ʸһ㣬鷨ֱ
Ϊܹ鷨ʱҶ˷˹ȫعסһ˿˻Ժ֮УҲޣƬ֮󣬻ѾҶޡ
ͱȺӥҪö࣬չףͨɫȼܵĻ棬óϵ»棬Եݡǵ򲻹ӥΪǿȲӥȺսĻȺӥҪǿöࡣ
꼫𾪵ؿҶѾҶշĵֻˣ󲻳Ҷôܿôޡ
շҶΪëҶȻû㣬ɫµޣһʮڵޣҶϣֻʮ׶ޣҶķۡ
ֻҪпеģͶ꣬ȷˮǽϧûеʦޣҶҪһԿԼܲܲ׽ʦޡ


108 ص¥
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ʮʮǿ߱жȥôĶܲҶҶɨЩ̫ҽڵ˷ɱȥ²Ǳߵ׷ʲô飿
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һҶ䵽ˮ̶棬곯ˮ̶ɨȥˮ̶ʮף涼ϸʯˮ̶ԭӦģǱɾˡ
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ŵˣ꣬ߣҶŰֻһ𣬳Դ񱼶ȥ


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ӥͻĻԸԼ꽻ϿգУҶܿǱߵ״ܶǿߡޡʲô򶷷ǳҡ
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ѵǲǸǿߵ
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ǸڵӰ˵ǿһƣһѪߵغ̫ҽڵ󱲣ڸû꣡
Ǹ̫ҽڵĵǿ߲мƲƲ죬Цĵرǿ߾֮ƾ£бǹȥǣ
̫ҽڵ˸ոŭǺ
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̫ҽڵǣڵò̫ҽڵҲõǸ˵˸ո˵꣬ԱͻȻڳֻǣ˵ڵأ˸ϽԮ
̫ҽڵϷɱȥǸǿŭһŶʮ壬ȺӵǰΧһҵļսذ޺ǿ߼սţʬ鲼Ѫɺӡ
ս֮УǸǿĲ˳ȥһֻɫǵ𲼰񱼡
Ѷ£Ǹǿŭһ͵صһ¡
ʮֻΧ飬һֻһֻʮǱķɣЩǾƵģǰ̵سǸǿֻؿźɫǵŲܵŭؿһ
ҶһɨϿռʮֻĴһ֮⣬ԶһȺϬʨȺΧ˹սԶԶûнЩ޺ͬӪ˴˼Ҳɱ
տʼǿǻռһЩƣǲϵзǳޡ޴˷ӿŵ˽ЩԹ˲ϾؿŶ䵽ǵ
ΣҶ¶һ˿΢ЦǶŵҶûʲôˣ䵽ǵۣҶúӥͻסǸԼԶԶظں档
֨֨л˼Ҷļ£ವһʧǿ񱼶ȥ
ҲȥǸ
룬Ѿʮޣսܲôͬ׵޺ǾԲԿģһΣ߽޺ޣܵӦûûġҶʱעŰ
ǻսţҶĵصȴʱ
һ֮ϣڵ˾һܹһٶˣжʮЩ˵еĺģ뷢԰׵ߣ޷Զɢž˵ƣǵ𼶵ǿߡ
λϣˡһ˵ɥصͬŲţϱҧ˺üһƣǳһöƷҩˡ


110 𡱻
֮ǰڵ̽ص¥ʱзеһʬ壬ʬȻ֮УȴȻãϵ۶ˣֱֻ۴һֻãǻ͹Ź֣̺żΪŨֻǼʶޣ޷̽еİǵڵص¥ĵصףһʱ޷硣
ԭ뽫ʬߵģǾʬޱȣ᲻ֻ÷˾ţ֮ŽʬֱϵĻȡû뵽ϿյļֻײǱ˺ܶ޵׷ɱϢֱ̫ҽںڵ֪ˣøӻˡշת䣬ڵȽ˻û뵽ֶˡ
ؽǣа취һϸ΢Ц
˵ϯȻЩڵӣ𾳵ĳҲûһ˿֮ɫ
ǸеϵĻһ£뵽֮ǰΣǱλ˻ЩȻ
Īءһ֣˻ȥ
λ΢΢һЦڴǧ꣬вطУЩط;һط׷ٵġ
Щڵ˽˵˶ˣһЩλǿߵĴ£ܿչж
̫ҽں᲼ĹиǼս˲أǶߣֻգòԶԶġ
Ҷһ·β棬֮ĻսΪң;ǡʨӺͽϬѵʬ壬ѪأȻҲǲ١
ϰֻǻŲ޵׷٣һ·񱼡
ѾȺǵԱߣʱ׼ˡ
֮УŲһֻ˶ĺɫǣѾ֮ǰһֻˣΧȺǵĻ֮¿񱼣ͻȻоʲôŲͣһ£ãȻ֮ɫǸȥ
һɫӰһһ㣬ವһ³嵽ǸԱߣŲܡ
Ҷһ궯ˣ궯̫죬ЩǸӦ
ְ˲ΧȺŭغУȥ
ҶЩǵ֣һ곯Щ˹ȥ
ЩǸܵҶ֮󣬶ʱŵûԭǣ˲öᣬһЩеֹסŲ˳ȥˤ˲档
ֻ͸ôһ˿Ϣϰֻ˲䱻ŵƨĻ׷ꣿ
ҶĻ֮£ɿسҶ˹ವһ´ڵҶļͷ
ҶǸǬһ£ȥж޷ŽǬ棬Χޡ޺ǿߣ޺޵ûʲôϵҪǱǿ߷־鷳ˣҶҲ˲ȥʲôһȻɿȥ
ӥѩҶµβĺ档
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ǰһ̶ص¥̶棬һЩҶҲ룬̶֮УתˮǱʮ֮һҷ֮вغá
ˮ̶֮ͣȥҶ꣬ܣЩ㲻ҿˣץҶļҲһ
ӥһҶµԶԶɢڸǻ
һޡĴѰ֪˭ˣֻķΧѰңģ⸽ޡ޺ǿԽԽ١
ҸʱͿԳȥֱӻصص¥һˣ
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ϯôˣһͷɢϻ˵ʵڵĶϯ
Ǹ˲Ĳ֪˻ޣͣˣһطϯ۾΢գ漴۾
Ҫô죿
ȻԷˣڹȥᣬػһ϶ٴΰ޺ȵȵȣǻ̫ҽڡڵɢȥ˵ϯ˷Ϊס
ϯĻõ˵ͬڵɢ˳ȥɢڸؽҶΧסҶܡ
ҶǱˮ̶֮Уڵ˿УɨĴֻ޺޶ɢȥ̫ҽںڵҲѾԶΨʣڵ˻ڸѰʲôΧڵˣһٶˣǵ𼶱ǿߣ
ڵҲµˮ̶СʱԼڵӦþͻ˰ɡ
뵽ҶؿڵĲⲼҲ֪װʲô
Ҷе㰴಻סģȡ˳Ѿʪ͸ˣ̫ڰûһ˿ߣҶӣ򿪣һֻۣ⻤ֻһֻ֪ʲôɵģü͸صĹ⻪תɢһŨϢԵһЩֵͼʮֹϣ޷ϣϡϵ򵥵ġ𡱶֡


111 ۿռ
⻤۵ѾǳԶˡ
һ£۷ǳͣһתҶǬｫ˳ն£ֻһһնڻ֮ϣ˿ֱЩ顣
ñ⻤۵ƷӦûͺɫ֮ϡ
Ҷоϲ⻤Ӧһ鱦û൱ǿġ
˷Ҷ϶һЩá
֪Լܴܲ
ҶҪִ֮УֻͻȻðһ˵Ѫ⣬˵һʲôƸһ㣬ҶԺֻ۷·һЩԣҪֶȥһ㡣
ǻ飡
һһƷ鱦鶼ʶģƷ֮󣬲Żһ˿ʶһ㲻̫ǿңƷ֮ϣŻγɷǳǿ顣
Ī⻤ۣƷϵ鱦ɣ
鱦٣һһƷ鱦ܻȡöҶұС壬ǿ϶òģһЩ塢ţҲֻӵܻ鱦ֶһ㶼һƷģƷĶΪ
Ҷ֮ǰںӵ˲һƷ鱦ıףЩף⻤ȫһεġ
۲ͣҶоԺ֮оҵʹɫףҪӳȥ
ⶫͬСɣҶʶΪʲôᱻôǿǿ飬溱ҪҶǿ󣬿Ѿ˼ǣɰ׳ˡ
֨֨Ҷʹӣؽлһ۳˹ȥصһĻ˻ѣȥ
ҾͲˣôһ鶼ʰˣҶŭ뵽߶Ժеķɵɵ˵һһǻ۵·оʲôµ£ವһ˻ȥҶʹ˲١
ҶоĵĻȻͣطηʲôһ⻤۵ĵȽ׸Ժеķɵȣǲ̫ˣֻҶЩ棬ԼԺеķɵΪʲôûĴڡ
ȲЩˣҶʤ׷곯еĻ۰Χ˹ȥ뻤֮Уоһҫ۵ĺ⣬һųȼյĻ棬·ôһ˿ڣĪźֻ۵ˣ
꽫źعסܵҶѹźⲻͣţҪѳȥأҶײҶɫһ󷢰ס
սʵеսҪĶǣҶһСģ걻˵ǾͲˡ
ȻѹƲסֻ۵飡
Ҷգֻ۵Ҳ̫ǿһ㣬ΨԺеķɵס
ɵһ˿͸˻棬źͣͻȻоһ־Ϣʱ˼֡
ʱҶ͵ѹ˽ȥãҶоԼ꼸ˣڷɵѹ£ŽС˺ܶ࣬ȫˡ
ҶڽԼϣֻ⻤ɿģסҶЦ⻤̫ˣ޷ԭֱ۱Ƚϴ׳ҶֱҪСһš
Ҳ̫ˣѵҪѻ۸Сһ㣿ֻ⻤Ҳ֪ʲôƳɵģôģ
Ҷ֮ʣֻ۽СһƤһ㣬м͸˿ϷҶϣʮᱡ
Ҷһֱۣʮ㣬жһ㶼ûзϸ۴˷ߣһ£һһۼû£ӿҲȫжȥֱһ
Ҷ֪ģƷֻ۱ȴǲ̫ˡ
üһ⻤Ƶõ澫˫
һڻѪһ㣬Ҷһ˿ϵҶһ㣬⻤ۣսоܷӳ벻á
ҶȻһĸо뵽˻棬Ȼһ޴Ŀռ䣬Բף˼ʮĴɨЩ񣬹˸ָҩݣϡҩݣҲҩݣ֣ÿһֶ˺ܶ࣬ܶҩҶ޷ϣҩ㣬˸оĿۿռһ޴¯¯˶ߣ֪ʲô죬ͨڣ沼˸ֻϵ޵ͼ¯·⻤ۿռһ㣬޷ƶֺ
ϻһӣʮ飬Ҷⷭһ£󲿷ǽģм齲Ǹҩݵĳ״ֲ⻹л˵ȵȡǼ飬Ҷʱ̫ϵҪܶ࣬һҪᣬ˲οЩ֮⣬ҪĻҪʵҶûʼ޷潲ݵġ
⻤۵ˣǰӦһҩʦ
ҶѧЩҩݣҲһʾ޴ĲƸ֪ԻپЩ㲻ҶɵйҲܸһˡȻЩҩҶǲģԺԼѧӦõϵġ
Ҷ˿̵˷ܣû뵽һ˵ص¥֮ãȻȷ֣ŵ֪ôö֪ʲôķӦ


112 ǧʬ
жռ䣬ѹֲǬװҶǬıȫתƵ˻棬Ѿ֮ĲֵǮĶǬ棬ǬҲûʲôֻҪۻھû¡
ָһ»ۣһ㱡Ƥһ㣬Ҷ΢΢һЦ·⻤ȫ·棬һ˺ѷ֡
洫һЩҶüͷһ壬˳ȥ
ˮ̶ıԵΧһȺˣʮڵģ𼶵ǿ߶ڡ
ˮ̶棡ϯ۾֪һ£۵
ĪЩʱ򣬽ʧˮ̶֮Уϯüˮ̶˼ˮ̶ʮص¥κһˮ̶ӵۼĵطǳΣգǵ𼶵ǿߣҲµˮ̶档
ܣû޸ˮ̶Ҳ̫鷳ϯ˼ˮ̶֪ǳΣȥ̽һ
һڵˮ̶Ҳ֪ۼ˶㶼ǾŽʮ׵ҲǺһˣиһǾˣ˭ȥ
ڶ۷׷ס
ҶЩ˵ĻͷɻЩڵôҵ⴦ˮ̶ģؽˮ̶ʱȷϹΧûκ˷֣Ϊʲô˶ˣֻڵ˹
תһ룬ĪڵڻʲôǺţ׷˹
뵽Ҷۣڻ۵ÿһطϸϸɨڻ۵Ľϣһ˿ڻ۱Ϣһ˿ľϵϸ鿴˸޷һľϵ
ڵµļǺţǲ׷ٵ
ҶգԼ֮ǰʵ̫ˣû뵽ڻֽţǰ֣ǿԽһ˿ľϵĨȥģ
ڽһ˿ľϵĨȥɻϯ˵ע⡣
̶ûڣڵ˽ˮ̶Χ˸ˮйͨһʱҲȥ
룬ˮ̶Уڵδظµˮ̶
Ҷ˼Ÿѣڵ̫ˣǿߣмֻʮ޸Ҳ򲻹ôˣ
Ҷ˼֮ʱϯɨһԱˣסƣȥʲôϢ㱨
סƿϯĿ⳯ԼƳʱе㲻ĸоϯĻˣʦϣϯͣʦڳϯҪ켺£ǲΥϯͬѳţϯԽǵɱ
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˵Χˮ̶ߣ鿴ԽǱԽ
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Ҷһüͷȥ꽫һȺڵˡ
ӿˣǱͻȻоӰԼӿŵɫףĻҼ£׷׳ˮȥ
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Ȼֻץס׵Ľţƴϡ
󣡡ϯͺһһǻĳֻɢǱ˰ŵûϯһ˿ǵĳޡ
ȥֻʣһһڵ˽Զɫ䡣
ϯɨһףЦһתͷڶ˵̶Σķȥţ
ǣܿأһ˷һֻ׵ֻɿһҷܵˡ
ڵҪǵҶͷһү֮ǰ˵ŵ𼶵ǿߣ
Ҷɫ䣬𼶵ǿߣѾܹԸˣο𼶵ǿߣ𼶵ǿ߹͸ܵˣ
̶֮ȻкܶҲֻǿֹ𼶵ǿߣҪ𼶵ǿ߹ЩһôûУ
ӦȥˣӦûҪһʱ䣬һҪ֮ǰܵ
Ҷת÷ɿ죬һͷԺ
ˮ̶ߣϯϯϯˮ̶תһȦ
ϯü֣ǻ۲Ǿֹƶס
ô᣿˵ֻϢܶԻȤϯɻصƶ˻ۣĪֻۣȻ̶ף
ޣ̶ܶ׶﹥ĪǶԷʲôԶ鱦
ϯϯһۣڽʲôѶϢϯһơ
ϯ⣬ͷˣСشǬȡһƿشƿһɴ̱Ǹζ˳ȥ
ҶעϯˣϯóһƿӣװɫҺ壬ɫһ䣬Ƕ⼸ϼһֶΣ
ҩ֮Ķûʲôãޣȴɱ
ϯмֲӣһҧƿҺ̶ˮ浹ֻҺ̶ˮ˲һƬɫϵɢò˶þͻɢˮ̶
㳢һǧʬϯһЦ
ϯʬ̶ˮ˲䣬Ҷһǽϵһ˿ľϵĨȥ߶ˮһ㣬ɿسˮȥ
ʬûɢ̶棬Ļᣡ


113 ֮
ۿžҪˮˣҶͺһŭɽӣ
ȫһһƴ˳ȥ
ϯϯϯעˮʬɢʱˮ̶ͻȻһ׳ˮǼ˲ɫ䡣
ɲͨˮǻǧʬˮ
㿪
ϯϯϯ׷ĳһƷ磬һߴ߶壬һɽ̶ˮ
ǿ߶㿪ˣ˾ûôˣһЩʮ׸ֱɽ̶ˮ䵽϶ʱ̵ð̣һʹòҽеء
ҶѾһɾˮˮ̶Щ̶ˮ˵Ĳ״һݣǧʬȻԼһǧʬɢȫ̶Ҷʲôһ״ˡ
ڵ湻ģ
С
ˣ
ϯϯϯվŲˮҶŭһһ𣬻ƳҶ
СȻڵӣϯϵĴɨȥǿڵĻѾȫת˴ͨҪö࣬ƾ͸
һǿ߾͹Ҷܵˣοǿߣ
ӲӵǿߵһƣȻɣʮ׺͵֮䣬òһǰ㣡
ңÿûǸ£Ҷһһ棬ˮܼӿϯˡ
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ͣٵƬ̣ҶһƵȻʮ׸ߡ
ϯ˽ˮɢ̧ͷȥҪϷҶ
ڵͷǣٽһУҶٺһЦһɫ³ϯӣ
СϯһƾǶ˳ȥһ̶ˮϿձ
ӱըֻ൱ھŽ׸һˮ̶ϿձЧ൱˵ģըĳˮϯӿȥ
綾̶ˮԼӿϯĸҴ⣬Ͻƽ̶ˮķɣԹ˲Ͼ
ϯϯʵѷ̶ˮһ죬ǧʬǵǿߵĴҲǺѵֵһϽ˽ҩ
ôҲû뵽̶ˮ¶ȻԸ綾̶ˮӶҶá
ϯƣڵֵ綾̶ˮ֮ʱౣдһֻӥһֻҶϿգҶһץźӥĽţһץŻĽš
ڵλϣڣҶЦӿд
ûôףϯ˻ֻǵ𾳽磬޷շУܸıҶôܵ
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صһը죬һնѣڿըмĽҶұ۷飬ֶȥ̺ǿҶؿһƣЩܵش
ôԶȻǿߵʵȻǿᡣ
ӥͻҶ˺Ͽգ߶ѸԽԽԶ
Ҷһն飬ϯͷڵѪһһƷ鱦ϼ亱ټֵ˾˵ڵĳϣһ˵ҲǼΪϡġҶǰѽʲôһնӦƷϵ鱦ҲֻƷ鱦ѣ
ϯһ
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ȷʵƵˣϯ֣СӦһֻѧ˻εޣղ˵Щ϶Ļȥˣ
˵ʮ޵Ļ͵˵ӦܹоŶԣСеŹ֣ϯŭ쳣Ҳ޿κΣֻܺܿظһ˷ǧʬĽⶾҩһҶݵķ׷ȥ
ص¥߹ڻ谵Ҷֻʮ޴ŷҹգǸֻͷͣ׷
ӥͻٶȼ죬գۼѾ˼ʮЩڵ˲׷ˡ
ڵص¥ջ󳬳ҶԤڣҶ룬ʱҶұˣԺлص¥ɡ
ֻǾղŵĻսҶѾֲ巽ˣֲ˳ϢߣߵĻײڵˣֻѰҳڣӥͻȻҶ˽ص¥㡣


114 ѹ
Ҷұ
ֿľӽҶұΧʮ죬ѫȻгǿ߳ΪҶұΧǧͼҶұˣѫ˻ȥôһԱѫҲҵڽɱֻܽˡ
ͷȤҶСӵҶСѾ˵ص¥棬ȻôġŭҪǼɵﱳ֧֣Ͱնɱˡ
һң߸ʮǿΪ۹սɳεĳ֮һڵص¥ɱûʲôϾû֪ɱ׷ֿ͵ꡣ
ʮˣҶұٳٲӦҪнһĶˣףȥһҶұɣѫƬ̣Ȩ֮ھˡ
ˣѫЩɡ
⼸ҶұҪɹڼ˻ȥ˫һЩĦҶ˱ˣʮһˣҶұĳǽҲѾڼӹܣȻûǿ߰ҶұΧѫ²Ҷұ絽ǸǿߣǸǿҲδؿΪҶұͣ
ҶұչȥΪ뷨֮ѫе㰴಻סˡ
ǣʳѰѫ޺޵ҧҶұͻȻƼұͳһʮ˱ֿ϶Ѿѹ˶ֿм壬ΪǵĴ³ﻮˣڣֿһţֿⶫֿʼδ
ǣҶұ壬һгǿΪҶұͷԹôҲⲻˡǵصϣһЩ屻ǿһ鲢ĳǿߣǳǿֿ߳ΪҶұǺͲˣ
İɣзִ磡ѫôҲһ֮ʲôû֪δ
ǺðɡΪѵشӦ
źڼ׵ѫ˴ŶֿһڸֵҶұ⣬ѫͻȻһųҶұȥҶұźȻѫ󲽽Ҷұڡ
Σüë̾һȥ
ҶұڣҶս졢ҶӽҶôʱȹ̣ǧ߹ҩ£۵ڳһʮףҶսҲͻƵĽҪͷ
ͻȻ֮䣬ҶұǱ߷һ죬Ҷɫ䣬ĻҪġ
ҶҸּҶұŷȥ
ҶȫۼҶұеĹ㳡ϣͬؿűŷֻѫ˻˽Ⱥĺڼ׾ӿ˹ҶǰΧ롣
Ҷȭͷ֪ѫѾˡ
ҶսˮҶұʱ̣ϧû֮ǰﵽʮףȻӲҲҪҲҪйܶҶҵ
ѫĿɨһҶˣٴҶӹüë΢ЩҶɱڵĺڼʱȻû¶ɫһ೤鱯׳ӡ
սļҲǲԺڼ׾ʱһǲޣŵû겻壬ûһֱڼ׾
ѹƼұܣ
ƼұĲҰԭģ
ѫͷĪط꣬һԶҶս죬ڿҶս쵱źܶ˵棬¹Ͷ˵Ը⽫ҶұҶұЧңʱܾˣҶսҲ裬˿ЩˣһȺ˹ģһŶʲôȴûкҩҲûá
Ҷұţѫסƥųꪣȵ챾ɱ䣬ӱ˳֤ɱҶұһˣ෴ǵҷǱͲϧѪֶν壡
ѫĿҶұɨһҶǸܵʮ׸ֵѹǾ󲿷ȻͷǾǿͲʣת֮⡣
ѫα˵ôϻҪսսҶұûһث֣Ҷս˫ĿŭҶվҶǵǰ棬Ѿ˱ľġ
Ҷұֿʵ̫ˣѫ֮⣬ʮڸ֣϶ֿĸԼڼǴҶ
飬ԸͶҶֿΪףԷһ·ҸÿһƬǰ̣ҶҶս죬ҪһƬ⡣ѫ֣ķһЩɫĵҩÿ˳һŵҩұ֤ҶұȻ£
ɫҩǶֿѫƺڼõĵҩ
ѫҶұ߹Բܣ㲻Ҫ룡Ҷսûһǵҩÿһ¶Ҫѫһöҩ֪ҩ䷽ǾֻҩпóҩȻҲֻпܶѣ
ѫɫһ䣬صһҪޣԼѡ񣡡
֪ѫĴ㣬ɱҶұˣҶұ˶Ҳδɣгǿ߳ΪҶұͷʱͷʣǳǿҲһӾ˺Ӽձ㹻ʱӤ붯۳档


115 ޻
Ҷûһ̰ģ㲻طôĻˡҶصڵʵһսܳѫѫɱиĹۡ
ҲţҶұĶҶұ˸ţ˹ĵҩδűٻԵҩ֪һڼɱ䣬ҶұݲѫĿɨҶˣ֡
Ըѫ߹Ҷǵҩ㱻Ҷ漮Ҷ֮ˣϣҶҲҪͷҶѫвһˣҲŭ
һ룬룬롭
ڼѩ׳ǹĺЩҶȻһЩвһ˿ҡǻѡ˸վһǵӶŮǰһҲðϢ
ҶұǰôѣЩĵģҶ峤뿪ᵽĵطȥˣʣµģԸҶұģ
ôҶˣûһǰѫɫԽԽѿ
Щ׿ɾˣҶսۿ죬ЦƣҶսսҶұҲЩ꣬Ϊ巢չŻѪһȺˣ룬ԼͶֵõģˣ򸴺
ҶսĻѫ߬ȭͷŭһȺʶ̧ٵĶڼʿҶˣ
ڼȥףɢ˵ơ
ɱҶҲǷͳŭ𣬳ڼȥ
⽫ҶҵһսԸѪƬǵأ
޻ڣ
һսʼˣ飬˫ɱ
ʵ̫ˣҶȻвٸ֣ԵģһȺװݾþսĺڼ
Ҷŭһһȭһڼ˹ȥصһڼϵױһȭӡǸڼֻĵû̫ܵ˺ܿأԱ⼸ڼҶΧ
ü̵ףҶɫ΢䣬Ѿǰ˽ǿߣһȭ֮£Ȼ޷ס
Ҷˣ˸ǲ
صһҶƽһȭи³һѪ˵ϣһڼһŲͷϣѪĽҶƽְͣһӣֱ˹ȥ
ҶƽҶĿѣӭһȺڼҶƽǱ߳ȥ
صһһڼǹҶɵıϣҶɱϵĹͷѿһ㣬׼Ǹڼǹһ˳鵽ҽϥϣҽһ䣬¡
ҶҡûйˣҶŭĿԲŭҰޣҧվһǱƺһڼһȭ˳ȥ
أڼǹ˳ҶɵϣҶ۵³һѪˤ˳ȥ
ڼǹˣҲú죬һǽ˰˽׵ҶɣҲǵֵס
Ҷֿһһȭڸ飬λ˵ϡ
һһҶ˵¡
ҶսҶս۵һھŽ׸ֿǷ׷׵£ŭʨһһڼɣǵȴǵģǸĺڼЩڼսḻǰսϣ֪жپŽ׸ֱ
ΧȦԽԽС
һߣ໢ѸӰױҲ˻ȻоŽ׶ʵΧǵĺڼ̫ˣϰ٣ս󣬷ǹǡ
ۣһĳǹ໢ѸӰױ壬໢ѸӰױʮǹضڵϣѪһأʡ
ҪɱֻޣץؽѫȵҪҶұúַѱֻ޵ģֻΪʲô
ڼоݣϺˮóȺսѸٵػҶˣȻΧסҶұһھŽ׸֣ʼչսľŽ׸ֵʵ
ѫҶұһˣҲҪնɱҶԭҪƾŽ۷ʵƽѫͻȻʮѫһٻɱǿһһ˵£ԼֱڼϵѲͲסתʮŭ
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һ죬˶һС
ѫƥܲסô˻һڵϣѫ棬ЩǱҶ浹˳ȥ
Ҷұھ˵ã
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͵һţӺڷϵһɨҶ
ҶоȷϽ˫мܣоȷϮͷȻһʮǿߣ
صһҶĻһŻ˵ɳȥײשǽ³һѪһŽȫ޷۳һ˿һƬҰ
ĳƷ磬أҶս졢ҶսҲһƺɡ
Ҷսǿվȣɢλһ㣬ʮڵǿߣֻһƷ磬Ҳ˹
Ÿովڼ׾ĳìѾĲϡ
ܣҶұһƬǽ塣
ص¥ҶСĵضŵˣúӥͻԼһ·Уڵص¥Ѱ죬ҵһǰص¥һĶѨͨ˵ص¥һ֮ҶֿʼѰҵص¥ĳڡ
Ҫʮص¥һΣҶΪԪǰԺԳԲؼһʱ
뿪Ҷұô죬幫ǶҪԼˡ
ͻʮףշôֻޣٴӤͲǰôǱˣһԽӤһ٣


116 
ҶΪԼ뿪ҶұҲʮѣʵѾ˽һ¡
ص¥һ㵽Ǵʯ֣ܶط˽ƣһֻ֮һС·ͨҶֻܸļ䣬Ѱ뿪·ڡ
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Ҷӵص¥ʱѾ֮ˣŻҪһ죬ܸϻҶұ
ĿоЩѾԼԶȥҶʱһɵУ뿪ǸطˣͻȻһЩȣҪصҶұ
ҶףһǿҵľԼеˡ
뵽幫͸ף뵽ˋY뵽˴壬кܶܶҶҵˡ
ҶҪˣҶ̲סĵسХһȲҪס幫ǷһԼĳɾ͡
ҶӣҲ죬Цһ£뵽ʲôмȻҶԻؼңļѾûˡ
꣬ҪѹԺҶұҲļҡҶԴο
֨֨Ӧһ
Ƭ̣ѩаԳȮҲӥͻϿղͣ
˿ֻʮޣ룬ԼѾʮףΪʮǿˣҶл˷ܵɣ޺޵ţӽ쿪ʼֿҪҶұ˵㣬ֿҪǸҶһƨѾģ
ֿκһ壬ѩаԳȮӥͻֻʮеκһֻƶᱻŵƨ
ţֻԶһӰɿسҶҶһ΢΢һЦֻ
Ҷص¥ֻ֮ʮ˱ҹڵص¥ڴһֱȵҶ֣
֮ǰһս֮ǰһöʵ֮ӤҲѷɫˡ
ֻʮޣʮ׶ǿ߻Ҫǿö࣡
֪幫ǼЩ֮󣬻˷ܳʲôԺ˭Ҷұ
󲿶ӺƺƵһ·ȥޡ׷ӣǿ߻ʦޡޣ˭ǵҶ
һ뵽ҪҶұˣҶĽŲҲ˼֣޲òϳɻȥ
Ҷұ
ڼѾ׽ӹҶұʮһڣһӶȫװĺڼѲߣҶұдֿĲפ䱸ɭϡ
䳡ϣҶҶսϡϡ϶˳صǱס޷ǾήҲȫѪǱҶɡҶҶһΪԵ͵ˣ϶ųصļ棬Ҳϵһ
Ѿ죬ʱѫֻṩʳǿ֤ǲ
⼸죬ȻûκǿΪҶұͷ
үˣϼһһڼߵҶԱߣһҶı
ҶŭһǸڼ
ݣϼһ֮ôӲ㣡Ǹڼ͵ҶҶһ߷
˫ϵ˿ڱǣʹҶ亹ֱðûһסǣʮǿߣҲͨ죬ʹҲһ㶼١
幫
壡
ģƴˣԱߵҶսҶɵ͵վײǸڼ
ڼһưҶȷ˳ȥҶǺѪһֻѪһ㣬ضǸڼ
ǺڼҶս߷˳ȥͷҶɷı飬鲻Խһ߳ŭһڣսɱһδɵëӲɣ
һ߷ҶɣǸڼȻţɱˣ֮䣬ûʹ
ЩҶұˣһǲڼ૵˵ţת뿪
һᣬѫһʮ˹ɨһɢڵϵҶˣЩ
үôǣǾǲڼߵѫǰЩյص
һȺ鶼첻ãѫһÿһƣЩڼ˳ȥ
ôˣôĥҶ˾Ȼûһѫƣ֮ǰͼһҶǿҩǸҶӣײǽԾѫֻաЩҶιµҩԺЩ˻ǻѰҪ취ѹЩѱļһ
ĿǰΪֹȻûгǿ֣߳ҪҶұ壬ѫûʱѫϴҶұ⣬ӱ﷭һЩҶףͼҵһЩԽԽԥҶǧǰһǳӴļ壬иƣûˣػһЩҶҵķ֧۹һҲһЩ
뵽ҶϺĪָԼĸָ似ѱ޵طҪ˵ҶұûʲôɽѫԼЩš
ҶҵĹѫֻҵھھǳ͵ȣ᲻һȤ
ﻢ£ѫҲ֮ˣΨһİ취ǾǿסЩѱļһǳԼеĵҩҶұпɽҲԽҶұ䵱ʣ
Ȱǲô죬һﻹéʯͷֳӲǾͱֱˣЩҶˣѫǳջ
ҶսһڴѪ̵ˮߵѫʲô¾óɣҪҶսһüͷث֣
ѫҪɱҪ㣬ҶҵͷŶûУҶŭһ
ʲô£ΨһĵľҶˣÿ˶ҶҪֻҪҶ棬ҶҾͻһЩϣ
úúãǹѫɭɭЦҶ㶼һϹͷˣȷʵûʲôһȺҶҵ󱲣ǰƽǸһ
ΪҶֶ޺в幫ҶҶȻƣȴһ
޺Сʱ޿̶вǵĥ÷ǳӲ֮
ߺߣҶҪôѫŭһﻹӲԣˣ
ڣڼ
Ƕҵѫ¶һ˿飬ȵҵҪͦʲôʱ򣡡
ڼӿȥҶҶҶɵȫѺסһԵľ
Һݺݵش򣡡ѫŭһ
ѫ־ͳǻֻǺӣҶս졢ҶսҪǱڼһ߷
ߣҵģ˭ͨˣԸҸĵҩ˳ˣȻŹǣ⻹ֻǸոտʼѫɱȻɫͫһ˵ᣬսɳ꣬ѼӲڴﵽĿ֮ǰǾԲݵģ
ҶʮҶһųһУľϣվǰĺڼһɫĳޣЩȫż̡
վҶǰĺڼ͵ؽ޳˳ȥžһҶɵؿڣ˲ʱƤѪɡ
Ҷƺһ۵ʹüŤˣҪҧ飬Ӳؽʹʻ˶Ѿȫ޷Ѱ죬һͨ˹ȥƾЩϰ־ǿס
ţһӳ
Ҷһڣιȥ
žžž޴䣬Ҷɵϵ·Ƭ̱㱻ѪȾ


117 Ҷ
ҶҶս˻һδվһδαڼ߷ŭдſ
ѫҶսҲŹ㣡Ҷսŭţһͷ񱩵Ұޡ
ͷ΢Щڵ۶֣ѲıŰҶ˷ħһ飬ĵһ˿Īľ⡣
ѫǲǸõΪֹˣҪٴȥҶұˣѫŵ
ѫƳһףǰˣѱҶˣҵҪܳŶãǲͱѫĺɨһһߣҶұŮ졣
ϵģеģŮģһߡ
ǵ׳ԲԵҩѫݾˣѫɱѵҶұɣϳǿôѫ֮Ƽɱˣ
һҶȻŭĿӣûһѫˡ
ҶұŮ춼Ҵѫŭȵ
ѫҪʲôҶ˶ʱӿһֲõԤС
ߺߣǿžˣѫЦŵ
һҶŮǸŮҶüҶұһ̳Ҳǰ˽׵ʵҶüҲˣήңҲ޷
Ҷüڼһ̿־壬ȻңҲЩˣȻڲزסµģ㶯˵ʡ
ȺƻĺڼǰԵһֻ׵ĸ
ѫƳһҶҶսˣҶü°ͣаһЦǸˣҶұŮǲ٣ˣԺҸɾӣһֻǿϧˣֵܣһǽ׳ţ֪Сǲǳܵס
ѫ㲻úһսֱ۾沼Ѫ˿Щǵĺӣ
ߺߣǱҵģѫЦһǾҪ۸ˣһ»ȱ꣬һһϣҶұôŮ죬
ڼסҶü˫ֺȣѫʼϵ·
ںڼĿתضҶüЦ
ҶüвǿҵĿ־壬ͣؿкҪ
ѫƽҶü뵽Ŀ飬˫Ųͣߣ޷ôѵÿЩ߽ʵĺڼ
Ҷɷ˻лѪ˿˳۽ѫҳԣҳĵҩſ
ߵҶüԵѫվס˽ŲЩص˿ϵͷˡ˿Ҷɣֿ˿ҶüСӶ岻ǳתͷԺڼſɣ
ֻҪŮˣҶɹԹֻҪһ˿ϹԹͿƿˡ
Ҷɸ磬㲻ҪΪҶüؿ޺Ǳڼţܶ
⿪ѫһҶɣҶǵһԸͷˡ
ڼҶɵҶһ̱ڵء
ĸǰȻʹ͸㵤ҩԼ
Ҷʹ£轫һҶüᱥ衣
£һڼŭȵһҶϡ
Ҷϥͨһ£ϥǴ˲䣬оһƬҰڴ˿̣Ѿȥ
ף㣬ˣڣҶ
ҶɣҶҶս˿ĺҶѾˣ˫ϥһһǰÿǰһ㣬ıҪ˺ݺݵظһѪ졣
Ҷɸ磡Ҷü˻ߵؿ޺ţĶҪˡ
ҶľȻᣬܸһѡԸϵҲҪҵػһˣȻ֮ǰδйκεıף̤ܵҲҪػˣϣܹúõػšҶץѫĵҩһȥ
Ҷ˵ؿ
ѫҳԵҩŹǣҶսԼĺͷǱݺݵͱһʵ̫ˣǣߣһļ˺ˣ
ܺãѫشЦҶսһһĵҩֻҪǹԹٻٲǵģ
Ҷս衣
ɽ󳡵ڣҶƾļ䣬ҵ·ڣӵص׺ڰٴο⣬ʱһĪļ̲סҪХһ
·ӵص˼䣬ָо̫ˣ
֨֨Ҳл˼¶˷ܵɡ
ಣҶķаԳӥֻʮҲ˵ص
ף֣ôһ˶ûУſյĿ󳡣ҶȻһֲõĸоƬɽҶұԲͣŶԣĪǣҶұˣ뵽Ҷͷһ
ౣӥͻ۵糸һ㣬գҶұȥ
ҶҶұǱ߿񱼣Ҫըһ㣬ҶұԲܳ£
ס幫塭ǾԲܳ£


118 ŭҶ
ҶƵرܣ飬š¡־壬ӿ»صҶұҶǵʬ壬ͷͷһһ󷢺
Բᷢ飡
Բԣ
ҶұѾʮ˳ѫĵҩңӳµҩһѾ˱ľġ
һֻӥһֻϿӥͽСԵöôĿǻ;޴ͨȼźɫĻ棬һǿҵӾ
ӥͻʮޣôͬʱ֣
ӥͻȻ֪ʲô飬ҶУȼһ˿ϣ֮
ô£ѫһ£ӥͻ񣬿ɶʮޣҶȫգͻȻһ˿ԤУĪҶұԮˣ
кڼ׾ΧסҶҵˣκ˵춯ɱѫȵһЩԤУҶұе˶ʣ
ӥͻֻһᣬԽԽԶ
Īֻʮֻ·
Ҷǵٴ˭ҶұҶǲܵģҶˋY;۷ҶǲϣҶѫʮǿߣǵʮڣʮǿߣҶҲ޼£棬Ҷұһ˿ϣ
ɽп񱼵Ҷյ˺ӥͻϢҶһķŭˣ
ҶұֿΧˣе˶Ϊѫϵʣ
ס幫϶ҲסˣҲһҶҵһľϣó޴ûѪ
Ҷ߬ȭͷָĿٳѪͷǱͱһŭ𼸺Ҫɣ
ѫҪʬΣ
ȼܵŭ񱩣һǿƥ͸Ҫɱжֿˣ
Ҷɱ֮ˣ֮ǰɱ˶ΣȲѣǽ죬ӿһɱŰѪ
ûһʹޣеҪһ
ѫӤҶҧݣȫĹǽڿԿԵطһıҲ޷ѹסеķŭ
Ҷκ˽ԹͣʵҲֻҪȥǰһ¶Ҷ֮һֱ⣬ԼҶұˣԼңԶ磬ǲĹ硣Ƽұ˷ϣǲһеؾԼǶԼĹģ幫Լά뵽壬һ쿪ʼĵԼҶұԼļңԼҪػҶұ
ס幫塢塢ҶYÿһˣҶظܵҵůȻһ磬ѪҺȴ壬ضʲôѪŨˮʲô壡Լһ¶
ò׸ܵ飬ҶԴ˸ϧڣһ˾ȻҪҶұشҶۣ
ҶԽرñ䣡
ΪԼܣҶұһٶز㱻壬縸ס幫ˣҶһӣ
һ뵽ܣҶǱϿһ㡣
ҪΪһǿߣ˭Ҳҵˣ
κҪҶұļ壬֮ǰƼұڵĶֿֿӤ۹ۣҶҪ
Ҷ廯һӰɿرҶұ
ԺֻһͷȥҶˣɱѫӤ
֨֨оҶпµķŭʱҶоһЩ־壬Ҷ飬⵽֮ʱҲҶһҶԺӥѩаԳͳȮ´ָһбҶˣ
ֻ޷ֱӸ򣬽ӽҶұ
ʲôˣѾƣκ˲ÿںڷϵĺڼᵶҶɿرȥ
ֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ҶӼ׿⵽Ǽڼߡ
ֲٶȣǼڼͫ͵ؽ
Ʒ죡
Ҷ廯һĻ⣬Ƿŭ֮
صһҶһƺ淭⼸ڼӦ˴ɶ𣬺ڼϺ˲ѳƬķ˳ȥǵʬƥʬ嵹ɳȥʮףȻء
˻ƥյһƬڡ
ʮǿߺŭһЩڼֵܹ˵ģοҶȻʮ׳ڣʵѾԶʮڣʮ׶ҲǲԶˡ
Ʒĵ˲䱻ɵӿϡ
·ǸܵҶļҿŭɵͣ˲ţޱȵӿ
Ҷڳſޱȵ
Ϯ
Ϯ
ΧѲߵĺڼ˻ɱפҶұľӺӿǧ֮ࡣ
ҶұѾǰЩСɱ֮
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һ죬һʮ׵ĴӣʮӰߵ˳ȥһͨ役һغԱһЩ˱ɢȥĽϵУ˲䱻նɱ
һضֱӺɱʮˣһ֮˹


119 ɱ⣡
ֿ׷׾ֵرˣ˼ֱͬɱһ㣡һʮ׵ĳǿߣ˭ֵǼֱ
ʮǿߣЩ˶ԣֱһĴڣٶҲʮǿߵɱ¾
Ҷһضȥ֮󣬲ûͣضķ֮ڵһ㵯𣬳Ҷұĳǽȥ
ѫľ죬Щɲ
ң㿴סЩҶұʣȲѵоϣѫƳһԱһߴĻкһ
ǣүҳӦǶֿڶ֣ʵؽͷ֮ϣѫʵ߹Ȼ᲻֪оϵ˼æӦǡ
ѫҶұǽֻһӰɿسͷһȻҶ
СӾȻûڵص¥ʵ֮ǰӾˣ
ҶҶұͷ̧ͷѫԾ˳ͷۺ졣
ѫҶг˵ɱ⡣
Ȼ㣬㻹ûһҶûҲڶ̶ʱڽʮףҪɱҶ練ƣ
ȷû˸һΪʲôǿ߹أһһСëӶѣܷ첻ɣ
뵽Ҷڵص¥չֵʵҲûбһǻƳ֡
һɱ֮͸ƶˡ
һʮʱɵƷ³似ڱϵ似һƻУ֮͸룬˾ڵ۶ʱƾһֻƣ֮ͬڼԺɨ
似ƾžӻʼұõģַʱְæо޸ģŸĹڻͨ
СӣһƣѫһһҶ
ۿžҪҶˣҶȻĺ⣬ɭȻ罣ֱ͸ģͻȻһ˿η壬ɱ
ûӦҶŭһգ
ƴһ˲䣬ͬ캣Хһ籡ͬһȼյĻһ㡣
ҶʱֻһͷɱȻշǳаڣҶȫûб
Ƶ֮Ļ֮У˲ɢ޺ۡ
ô£ʲô似֮꣬ûǿ似۹ʼұǿ似ҲƷ³˵Ķѣƣ似ȣȫһεġ
һʮ߰Сӣ˾˵似
оӿȵĻһӻˣҪâĶѾ̫ˡ
ҶѣһӡؿϣĴķѣǿĻ˲䴩͸壬Ӻӿ似Խ˲ݻ١
㣬ȻѾʮڣϣȻ̿֡ʡŭһɫ˲ûҰܣ۾ϴƺǲԼһܣҲҶڶ̶ʱڣѾ˳Խʵ嵹˳ȥ
һգɱɣ
ѫһоһǿĻæֵǰȥ壬Լɹæסϴǿ˺üͣסŲѫоͬһѰѾɢϡ
ֻһУ㱻ˣǰ꣬¶ľ⡣
ΪʲôСӵʵô죡
ѫĲʵؿʮڵʵұҶһлܣûܴҶѫû뵽ԼȻ﷭
Ҷʩչգֻʣһɣվס˽ŲѸٵػָضѫ
ѫһξ룬ŹӲд䱸ؿҶû뵽Ҳ̫磬Ҷұȫҵǰ벽ҪɱҶˣ
ɱҶˣͷɣҶЦһŭŷ
ñͷмơѫһȻҶұڣһ˵Ĳҽд۽ǵƳֻͻȻ֣ɱڼЩ޵Ĺ֮·׷ˣҲǱһֻӥһצץ
ȫʮޣֻ֮࣬ѫɫ˲һƬңҶô֮ʮ޵ģǿʮޣ
Ҷ㲢ûнⲻĳԹԸ⣬Լ̣ƸֿĹӴҶұڶֿ١ѫƶת˼֡
٣ҶҲϡҶǰһڵѾָ˴룬Ըѫ´ࡣ
Ҷ㲻ɱңѫۼҶƽп־Ъ˹ش󺰡
Ϊʲôɱ㣿Ҷұģɱ⣡Ҷһһһѫȥ
Ҷŭߣصôѫͷ
۲ĿҸ۹ı飬Ҷɱλ͢سҶұҪ췴𣿡ѫ


120 ѫɱ
ҶŲ˶٣ѫվŵģһӴĵ۹ǿĹһǰҶұǺεС
Ҷ˰ɣɱҺҸ۶ɴƽҶұҶǸüȻʬ޴棡ѫҶɣʱ˼ֵص
Ҷңұɱ֮Σһǿ߶ѣҶұɱѫɣҶѾȨ⣬ҪҶұҶұѳ۹شҶﲻȥǿȻǿ󣬵ҲӴҶȴûжη֮ġ
ҶΪצһзצѫĺץȥ
צϮѫŵûɢɪɪҶȻ۶£Ϊʲôѵ۽Ҷұ𣿿ҶצץѫʱһǿҵĶĿ͵ؽǰѾ˳ȥˡ
Ҷһֱۣȷ˳ȥŷ˵ѫɫһƬ࣬ޱȷŭ
ѫĸףΣͷѫȻԼĸ˳ȥ˵ȲҲ֮ˣϧ
ѫɣҶ֮͵ǰ壬һ㣬ɿ׷ѫצΪץѫĲӡ
ѫĿɨǱɽкӥͻϿ·Ѿ
ѫһۣû뵽һδɵë죬ҲҲѫ״ش󺰣ʱ緢سﻮֿеһһسԤڵķչһһƿأû뵽ȴҶұôһ
˽ѭӦˬ
ҶͻȻ֮䣬Ե֮һһЩ˻벻˵Ĺ򣬶в壬ؾ
ҶͻȻ٣ץסѫĺǿƱ֮£ѫˣֻؿԼĺҶ
һ͸ƶһѫе˺ѫ˦УҶ͵طһԾһضѫĸѫĻȫͬһ㣬ײ·Ŀյء
ĺڼ׾ֻʮ޷ɱǿѫҶϣǾ׷ײֻӡ
һҶȻͷʮޣؽɱڼ׾һľѣЩʮʵ̫ǿˣһͷɫҧϰٸڼڼĺݣʹ񶹸һ㣬ֱһͿǹϣ׷׶ϳأͷƺģͷȮѩǿһЩѾҧɱ˼ٸڼϻֻӥͻÿһɱһ˽׻߾Ž׸֣аԳͣץסһڼһ㽫ڼ˺룬ŭ𣬷ŭĺ͵һײʮڼԱߵ˳ȥ
ǵɱ
Ž׶ҲӥһץԴҪܵľŽ׸֣Ҳòȥһ㷴ûУҽ
ЩµʮޣҶѾ˸׼Ƿ֣Щʮ޲û˺κҶ֮ˣһɻͻȻһĴˣ
һ̧ͷǽ򣬱һƬ̣һӰ˳ǽһ˵ɳ˳ǽǶֿѫѫûܳȥԶһӰһ㣬ѫץסѫĺȻһƽѫ
һ죬ѫڵϣĳһĴӡ
˵ѫϳصǴӡ
ԭǣһȫվӯû뵽Ҷ٣˶ֿʮǿߣһֻʮޣ
˻ޣйеҶоˣоˣ
Ҷս졢Ҷĵص⼸ƾǿ֧ûе£ڿҶҶұȹνѣϲ֮䣬һɫףȥ
ס幫Ҷر˹
峤ڻˣҶƽ۴ޣ֮ǰ̵ıӳûѪǶδ޹ǿҶ֮һ޳
Щܻǣ׷ȥľ׮ϵǾ
ҶӵҶսߣ̽һҶսֻæҶսһ˿һҶս˫磬ֻ֮ϣĴֵָĿġ
Ҷս죬ҶҾŽϵˣ
ѫҶ޵ҧгݣûڸղ̫أѫ̫ʹˣѫţҶһҪѫܣһתصһ顣
ҶҶս졢Ҷϵһ
峤Ҷɸ磬Ҷɸ硭ҶüڵϵҶɴޡ
Ҷ˹ȥַҶɵ̽һҶѾ˿Ͻһ˿ҶڵһֹŹֵϢ


121 ޹ǣ
Ҷûµģֻ滹һЩŹ֣Ҷü㸺úչҶɡҶһҶü
šҶüæĨϵˮ
ڼ׷ɱֻʮɱҶұɱĴڼȫûЩֻͨĽ׸ֵľӣǲһɱѸܡ
ҶұæµֿҶұĴˣһʱỹ޷ָ
ɶսǶѫĶҩȥֿҽҩ죬öֿ˰ѽҩˡҶ˻ƣþһ˿
ѹҶɵڻһ˿ŹֵϢԭǳ˶ֿĶҩ֪ⶾҩҶĻͣŰһ˺ӥĺ󱳣ŻͷаԳֿǷȥ
ӥͻзɿӹϷаԳ޴ĸͷһСɽһ㣬ٵƶ䣬ƬƬľϡ
ȥֿǣҶұʵ᳹׵չ˵ǰҶη壬ҶҪˣеҹҶұģǾɣҶɱ٣
Ҷ֪Լɱ۹س˴ӦòŹԼǳ͢ѹҶҲһս
һ·ϣҶѾˣԼʵ϶ϲ۵Ķ֣۲ԸҶһã˹ԸҶңͶţǴ뿪۹
۵Ĵӵ۶Ǳ߹ҲҪһϣһҶұϢȰǰڰϼҵǴɽȶȻ취ߡ
ǴɽôΣ۹ĴҲҽɽӦǾ԰ȫģ
뵽ҶǾȥ𼶣Ҫ۹ڣкѹסңʱ˭ѹҶұҾҪ˭ˣ
Ҷ쳤Хйбѫ飬ףɽлصŵɽеɢӡ
֪Ӥڲڶֿ棬ӤڣҶֽӤҲɵɱ˶ֿͱ飬ںһة࣡
ֿǣֿΪĵط̼Ƽֿڸ嶼е̣ǳʣͬʱҲչһЩ֮
ֿ֮ڣ˿ڱ֮࣬ΪڳǺǣǽʣֵݺᣬפʮѫľӪĴӪ
գ¥֮ҥԷ״
˵үźڼǧӣҶұΧΧ˽ʮ֮ãҶұҪˣ
ҶұʲôͷүΪʦڣһСѣõźڼȫ˷ѽ⡣
㲻֪Ҷұʱͷһţ
ν֮Ǹͽǻˣⶫֿڣ˭󣿵Ȼǿүˣĸţսֿѹ͹ˡ
Ҷұſ˲ãʮѾǰ˽׸֣ʮ˱ͷҩѡУ˵츳ˣ֮ԳΪһҩֻǲ֪ΪΣûиʦһϾ
ţȻ˵ã˵ţϲôСطֿαҪҶұԹ
Ͳ֪ˣ˵Ǹ걻˷ϣҶҼҶսΪֿ¹ȡֿ˳ȥŽ˳Թ
ֿˣǸ˶Ķ飬Ժ˳ҩ𣬶ֿĺôһöɱȵģ
үֲڵ㣿֪˾֮󣬾ȻתǬ̶ʱڳΪһţ
겻ѣϣڼ㶫ֿºҶұԾ󻼣ҲҪҩˡǿҩ۹Ψһҩ
¥֮ʣźӰһӶֵ϶ʱһƬҡ
ʲôָܶеĺӥͻ
޺ӥͻ񣡡
ĪҪ˲ɣ
ֿһƬɧҺͿֻţȴǺӥͻûиʳǳſȥ˾ɲ֪ʲô顣
ǳǽ֮⣬һڶֿǵ죬ͻȻԶԶؿһ޴İɫӰ߷ɿرһ·ľﳾ޿񱼵ͬףɫ䣬ʲô飡
۾֮ŷ֣ǰɫӰȻһֻ;޴İԳ׸ߣǾ޴ĸͷ˵սľ
޹ǣ
޹ǣ
ǽһԶ亹ֱð˾޴֪ͣǼ׵ޡ
ǽϵľͶʯ׷һʯ𣬳аԳȥ
𣡡аԳһԾޱʹؿڣŭһХʯͷ͵ػֱȥأЩʯڿз׷ױʯɽ
ʯڷаԳϣǴڸְϣһ˺۶û£׷׵ЩʯԾŽ׸ֵôһЩЧʮǿߣûʲôˡ
аԳͻȻ٣ŷ񱼡
ಣܼļʸаԳаԳѹܲˣƾʸϣЩʸ׷أʸ˲аԳȻһ˿ڶûС
ǽϵͶʯһֹܽκξŽ޺ɱȴһ㶼޷˵аԳʮ׵ĳޣǽϵıŵɫҰˣǧҲûһֻʮ޿ֲ


122 ҩ
ǷаԳһ·񱼣Ŵֱ͵һʵĳš
һĳźȻķѣźžľסŵٱͬľһȫ˳ȥ
аԳ赲س˳֮У˳ſĽֵ񱼶ȥֵϵƽǷ׷ɢ
һСŮ˽ֵ룬ŵһҰףۿžҪаԳѹˣֻаԳ͵һԾʮףӶȥֻ·ЩһɫıӰ
аԳĳֿ֣ǵ˶ŻˣϵǣаԳͨһ㣬ûڳڴƻǶֿûɱ¾ƽһ·ֿ񱼶ȥ
ֿ
֮ۡȻƽ֮УһŮĴϣһƷƣʱ֣ǵǸŮЦѣ룬ʮű¶Ļ𱬵ĸ輧Ȼ裬ˣ֮
֪ҶұôˡͲѫһֱҶұǱ߲˵㣬ǼС檵ζ鲻ͷִɵ飬ҲǵһˣҶұѰ·˵ҶѾ˵ص¥Ǳˣ֪ҶұλСŮˣϧˡ
ͷһƣɫ֮еʱһӰطĲӣһӡ˺󷽵ǽϡ
ǽϣȫĹͷҪһ㣬һʹĸоʱ˺ܶࡣ
һ輧ǴŲֻܡ
ˣд̿ͣ
һˣʵ۾һʹϮҶͷһʧ㣡ҪҶڵһǿѹ£תһֶüΪѣǣʮǿߣʱоֽűʮǿһִڡ
洫ƹƹҵĴĻҪǱӥͻ棬һȺ߰˽׵Ļֻʮޣο֪
ңҸ׺үүÿɫشѫҲʮǿߣ
ҶһΪѫ𣿡
ҶĻ·һشݺݵôϣصҶʲô˼
ѫѾҶұˡ
ⲻܣ
ŲţǿҶģ˵ǿĵҩģҶŭһ͵ؽǽϣҵ鼸Ѫ
ˣҶұ˶Ҹ׵ĶҩҲҩģȷңȻҶұ˶ˣץһݣɫؿ񺰡
Ϊ㲻˵Ҿû취𣿡Ҷһۼϵİ꣬꣬ˣ
֨֨ӦһҶļȥವһһɫĲӰ
ֻͨԵĹŹèҲһЩҡֻèܽҩҳ
ңұҩģ鲻ͣ
ѫˣһôҶض飬Żɽ飬ҶǾԲģһˣԺʲôҶұ˵һ
ҶĻȫһӱˣŴõഺϵٻ㵽
ҳҩҸһʹ졣Ҷϸɴص
ħŭ˻𣬡ֱɱҰɣҪɱ֣ʮǿߵ֮£ɱһݳޣ
ҶЦǶֿҶұ𷴻й˭ҲԹ˭
ʱһһţоÿһ붼һĥ
һᣬٴγ֣߸ǬЩǬ˿˶ֿ
߸Ǭֵ̿صɴ۾ϳ߸Ǭһģѫģģ޹ؽҪǬЩǬصĵطôͱֻè˳
Ҷ򿪵һǬ󲿷ֶǾ֮ĶóһǬһƿƿкܶɫͺɫĵҩ
ֵҩɫӦǶҩɫǲǽҩҶ顣
Ҳ֪龪ֵشС
ˡҶʱע仯õȷϡ
ⶫôãҶض飬Ŀֱġ
Ŀ֮£鼸Ҫ־ƷˣʧУⲻǽҩǶҩûнҩҩ𶼲һõóҩЩɫҩֻܻⶾҩҩԣһ³һţҪĸͣˣ͵ɣ
ĻҶͷһֱʶ˵ĻӦòм٣ҶɡеĶ˿ɽ⣿һа취ģôɫҩάּ֮꣬˵ҵΪǽⶾˡ


123 
༸Ǭﻹװ˲ٶǾţϰ٣һЩ伮š֮ĶҶͳƣЩǬû˵ʲôȥ
ѹϵɢȥˤڵϣǿ۾Ҷݲȵ߳鲻ףҶΪʲôɱԼѵΪԼȫ޷в֮У˺⣬֮һֻģҪɱҶұˣ
ţֻһǿĻϵһֻ˴ſڣ龪ֵУǻһž޴Ļ򣬺һɡ
Ӵ˳ҶһˣҶԶ֣Լ֣
Ҷһ˵ıԶԣǲԸ̫ɱ¾ģֻеʱ˻ȲһЩԼҲԸ顣
֨֨˻СצӣȻ󳯶ֿһȥ
ԼȥģҶڰĺ񱼣һᣬһǰ棬صһѾΧıǶѾаԳɵˡ
ĪǶֿĸ⣿
Ҷһȥһķѣֻһƣͬݿһ㣬ţʮǿߵǿ
濴ȥȻǶֿĸ⣬Բʮ׵ڶѵһڿڴӣʮڣҶ߽ȥһӣֻ涼ǰ׻мƽ
磬ͻƽҲͨлҡڶ֮Ľףþͻƽ˵ҲһЩôģԹͨʣһö൱ʮһƽ൱ʮ
ôӣǰ֮࣬ƽ
һ£ԺҶҲòЩƽҶҵӲڹ̫ң㹻Ŀռ䣬װЩҶЩװƽȫ˻ۿռ棬Աߵıϰһױףú֮İɵģÿټֵǧЩҶڵص¥ջĶҪ̫ˣʤޣҶͳͳ˻ۿռ棬һЩҹ֮ͨ£ҶҲȫЦɡ
ⱻҶֱӸˣԱ߻мͲֿ⣬洢˺ܶƥǳ֮࣬ѻɽۿռװ¡
Ҷ΢΢üЩδЩʮһʳǣ
νž·жǣ֮ǰҶǿеֿ֪İǹúֿ࣬ÿ궼ҪմĿ˰зѹǿǵƶߣÿˣԲʮĵ£һܻˡ
ҶұңǵҲǼΪƶģҪǾɽԣǵĳʳΪ۾Ӹ߲£˴޷ṩеˡһˣ˵ͨİ֮ˡ
źܶնȴⶫֿѫǶв壡
Ҷ룬ǸֿǵİǽԵɣҲǿ֮ЩǶֿģɢҲɢˣ˵ҶұҪʼ֮·ˡ
ס⼸ֿ⣬κ˿ҶɨһԱߵķаԳ
аԳлһһһ㣬˼ֿǰ档
˺ӥӥҶڷɵ˶ֿǵϿգҶתͳԴôһ˿ɤڶֿйǶֿҶұ峤Ҷֿѫ丸飬ڼΧҶұѾȫֿѱҹ¡ڴѸ涫ֿǵİգٸҶұұ֮
ʮǿߵ˼£ֿǣɧֿڵգи֮ˣҶĻ
ֿѫɱˣһڰǸտʼΪԼˣתһ룬˸ڶֿ棬Ӧòм٣ֿѫţȻôĵҰ
ֿˣ
󲿷ֵİڴƬ֮һֳ죬Ļ֮
һڼפڿǵ̣ڵ֪Ϣ֮󣬷׷׷ŷ˴Ѷ֪ͨҡ˵ѫĸǱ飬ʮǿߣҶұѵҲʮǿߣҶұһν˶ֿߣʮһЩҲڶֿ˵̣ҲڵһʱõϢ
Ҷұʲôλãʲôһ壿ֿǵİսԶʮɻ
Ҷұʮ˱֮һǶ֪ƼұҶұ֪٣˵Ҷұ˸ţոƼұû뵽ֿˣҶұڿѾǶֿһˡܶ뵽֮ǰǼֻʮޣĪǼֻʮޣҶұģ
ҶұȻʵⶫֿѫôҲǳ͢һԱ⽮ҶұҪˣ
ɢܶϲǿֿѫǵجΡ


124 ַ
ҶɨֿһڰǵķӦ֮ЩȻ漴ͨˣֿѫѱֻƽŭ԰ˣֿЩȻǷǳ
ҶҶұжֿ̽ɢɱ⣡ڤ粻֮ͽģҶұʱַֿжֿǵİգÿ˶ԵһٽҶڳǶü
ֿǵİҶĻɵˣַÿ˿һٽף
ֿǳԣ֮ͥ⣬󲿷ְնúƶסǵһƶ񣬸϶û¶٣ȥʳҪǱ͢׷Ҫ췴۴ģǲܶ˿ûȳ͢ıǾͶˣ
ھƬ̵ĳ֮ڳǺǵľӿ˶ֿ
䱻类ɱͷ
ܶ˱뷨ֿǶ䶯ˡ
ڳǺ˳ӿӣҶ΢̾ЩɨЩյо󲿷˶Ƥͷڡ˵öԣİգ췴Ӧõģ췴ôԼҲǻһЩ°ɣͷҶԼǶԵġ
Ҷźӥ£˿ǰ
µʱֻһӰɿر
ҶüëһǾŽڸ֣һǰһŽڸֻҶɵһ£ڣһŽڸҶǸɨ־ȻҼʲô
ҶԼԱߵĺӥͷаԳľѣһ²û뵽ҶʵѾֲ˹ץֻʮޣľⶫֿڣûƵסҶˡ
Ҷдӣ֪ǸǻҶһɨǿ𣬱ǸܣҶұҪ֮
ֶϷҼ㸸Ҷս΢΢ȭȻֱҶ󣬵Ҳϡ
֮ǰ䣬Ҽ첮첮ض񡣡Ҷӡ̫ҶұʱվҶұߵģҶսҲ㲻в²ţ⣿
ֶ֪㷸˴Ƕֿѫǳַ͢Ŀǳ͢ı飬㽫ɱˣŭ˿Աֻޣͷһ˿亹ֶȻʵˣѾǿߣʱֻ»Ҷ֣֮ҩֻδؿϳ档
޵Ŀ־壬ÿ˵Уʶ㡢ΣңֻʮޣҲѱ򶨡
ҲɱѫѾģǿҶˣ֪첮һƬ⣬Ҷұƣò۽Ҷѳ䣡Ҷ˻㲻ΪԼ˵ЩҲðһЩյģڣֱֻʮޣ
һ£Ϸ򿴣ҲǲףҵΪֿЩֿһֿȻңֶָգǺõģ󲿷ְıסЩܿͻᱻȥʱ򷴵Ǵ֮֡С̧ͷһҶı顣
Ҷ΢΢üԼûô࣬һ˺ܶˣȻ뵽ʲôֿ첮ģңȶģҡ
⡭Ϸ򶨻ᾡĬƬ̣Ȼһ̾ڶֿֿҶҲûʲôô
ҴҶұл첮ˡҶֵҶұܻܿᱻ뿪ֿܷĹǣ
ֶˣ²˳٣ȥλҶ֮󣬷ɱȥ
Ƭ֮󣬰Ѿӿ˶ֿſڣܶΪåƦԭҳһǿֻӴʮޣǶʱͷԶԶض㿪
ʮޣǶԣǲƥеĴڣ
Щտʮ޶ҿܶ˵չ黹̲סսսؽ˶ֿ
ҪźãҶЩǽָһԵĿյص
ЩոϽųһӣСؿͷ޴ķаԳΨַаԳͻȻ𣬹ǡ
ҶЩɨЩȫвɫƤͷһιվȣڵӣᡣ
һٽǱö𣿡Ҷһڰʵ
ЩȻ׷׵ͷȴǲӦ
ѲֿóɡҶȵ
ֻ¡һаԳһֿҿָһൽС
һˣ׹ˡҶָָǰһ˵
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125 
аԳƹ˸æͷ
ˣҶֻаԳǴ˵ıϡ
Ǹ˱֮һһֿſȥ
Ŀ쵽
Ŀ쵽ȺһɧңһۿᣬѾܳʱûгԹһٱˣ֪ȷʵ쵽ܲ
ӣźöӣҶ۾һɣЩƽؿŷаԳһ
һ쵽۵Ŀߵ˿ſڣͣڵϣתҶ߹£ؿͷȻĬĬԵرǴ뿪ˡ
Ҷ֮ͷһЩЩһԸҲǳԱѣҶԸܵϵĸж֮ģһӣӥͻգ˭ҪǸЩյǾúӥͻݺݵʰһ
ڶҲ쵽һ׷ԲԵߣҲǸһڿſڹųҶͷ
һһ쵽ÿ뿪ʱԷҶͷⳡ棬ҶҲЩᡣ
ֿǳڷһЩɧңȼѹȥһЩͼӥͻˣÿÿҪϿĺӥͻһǸͷ
аԳЧʺܿ죬һһִ򿪣ͣطַаԳ˵ı¼ΪǿһЩҪðΣаԳ˳ȥ
ҶðꡢаԳӥͻڶֿ֮ڣֻʮԣҶԶ̲ٿأаָӣصĻ⣬Լ㳯Ҷұɱȥ
ҹֿҹͨİն쵽ÿÿУ㳯͢׷飬ֿܲܽаɱ⣡ܶ˶Ѿ죬һʱڿԳϱˣҶұ˸м֮飬ܶԷҶұڵķߵݡ
ҶصҶұʱѾ賿ͨҶұͶֿ֮Ҫʱ䣬Ҷʮǿߵȫ߷һ͸ϻˡ
ҶұȻһƬǽ壬һֻǵϻŴѪȻһѪ֮˵֮ǰɱ¾
໢ѸӰױȻһЩˣûǰ˿ڣ䳡Աߵһľ͵͵֮
Ҷֱȥ֮ǰߵôæȥֿýҩȻƺûYЩYʲô˰ɣ
Ҷｹ߽˼ƻͨ˺ܶല̣Ҷұ˵Ƕרŵչˡ
Ҷս졢ҶҲڴϣƣϵ˿ڶ˰ײ
ס幫ˡҶʵصҶս졢Ҷ˵ӣͷһʹ
ôҩ𣿡ҶҶæǿлһ˿ɣʵΪ˵̫ҵؿ˼㣬ҶʮǿǲԵġ
ţ幫Ͻɺã̫ҶͷҶսҶӣʱе㲻˵ԼõЩҩ޷ȫⶾ
ãããҾͷˡҶһһԵҶսҲ
Ҷұ󲿷˶ˣмΪס뿪Ǽ屣ûб壬˶һֽٺңȥǺģӣŵ˻Ҫ¸ҵػȥ
ס幫YأôûҶеʵ
ҶҶսһۣȻһ̾ҶҶսķӦҶȻһֲõԤУһYҶһ𳤴һʮ꣬׿Ů֮㺲˵֮ŷǳ顣ĪǋYˣ뵽µĿܣҶɫףվȡ
ģYû¡ҶӣҶսĻˣæߵ̫ǻûü˵YڰǰѾĸˡ
ĸҶһ£֮ǰûҶսҶ˵顣
Ҳ֪YǼҶұģҶұӵܡҶҶȻһ̾ȻϧţԭыYҶϱãϧԵ޷ݡ
Ȼ֪Ȼȫ£ҾͷˡҶŵ˵ء
Ҷս쿴Ҷֹ룬Ǻĵ㻹ˋYɣYһȥӦòٻˣԺYһ棬ֻ¶ѡ
ΪΣҶɻʵYȥĸˣѵԺͲҶұ̽ˣYĸô
˵Yĸڵļ壬ҲҶҵһ֧ѾǧûˣʮǰǸ֧һЩ£ЩţԋYĸĸYҶұʮȥˣYĸ׳һŵǸ֧ĽҲȥˣ˹ӋYȥҶս͵
ȻҶұˋYӦøлǲŶԣΪʲôҶ׷ʣе㲻
YĸĸYҶұǸ֧Ƕͬ⣬ϸôһЩԹǸ֧ջֲŮеċYĸҶұҲҪǸ֧޾ɺãˋYYĸȣYֻȼǽӋYȥ֮˫޹ϸ𡣵ʱYĸҶұһݺ񡣵ȻǽYߵʱǲûκζڲЩ꣬YͬŮһ㣬˶͸ыYʲô𣿡Ҷսз𵭵˸С
ȻûնǳҶұ飬YΪʲôܻ̽ףҶƵصЩҲ̫˰ɡ
˵һ֧Ƿǵģ⻹ôǧ֮ǰ˵𡣡Ҷ̾Ϣһ
ҶĻҶüͷ΢壬Ī⻹ǣ


126 Ըϵ
Ҷ۹һҴ壬Žǰʮ֮УʱǿֵܣǵǿߡҶΪĳЩԭ򣬵Ҵ壬⵽Ҵϴѹʱֵ˷磬ܵҪ˵ҶǨ۹ǰңԶ۹ʱ峤˵ʲôͬ⣬۹Ƕ½ģƼҴҶǨǱߣҶ㲻ϣ۹Ȼܵ˴ѹôҲǰʮļ壬˷ܵһŭ֮£ٸһ뿪۹ʱúףܵܳߣǱŭһӣѵܵһֱ֧ӴĨȥҶϸϸ
ҶĻҶͷһ˶忴رأܴܵĨȥǳʵ̫ˡ
ʱãܵһ֧۹Ȼʮңò˶þͻû뵽ϣһ֧ΪƵƵܵѹս˥ʮ󣬻Ի͵һȥܵһ֧۹֮󣬼һţȫµĹ似ʮŬΪǸŵƿߣһٳΪ۹ǰ۹Ҵĵط൱˲ĳɾˡҶȻʮӶʮǿɱ̾еʱţͷβʵĽǣͷˣԼһֻ䱹ͷɣβģ澳ǿ߾澫˷ͷβͷ԰
βͷҶĻҶид
ôˣ
һ֧۹ԽԽңձ壬ȵ֪ӣҴΧ֮ʣܵһ֧֣һȫһףһܵ޾ɺã˫λ⣬ǲˣֱ۹Ҷһ۹Ҷһ˴֮Ȼкܶ϶ǧһʼƲһҶЦ
ҶĻҶˡ
Yˣһ˿϶YҶұ㲻ôҶսҶӦƽɿʵYС÷˸ǳ񣬋YˣΪʲôûһ˻
ҶȻһЦ׺幫ʲôĵģף幫ôһʼտǣ幫Ҳ˵ˣʮӶʮ۹ҶһѵͲܸ۹Ҷһһ죬Ҳ۰Ͱ͵ع޾ɺãYǻҶұģ̲Ǿƾʵǳ׷Ҷ˵ʱǿţϵ澫һ죬Ҫھǿ֮У
ҶĻҶҶսһ㶣漴вһ͵궯ˣ۹Ҷһôһ𣿶ˣǶҶĳ֣ȴвƵϣҶʮ꣬ʵѾѷɫʮǿˣѱôʮޣǴû漣Ĵڣ
һ죬ܸ۹Ҷһ汲Ȫ֪ΪǸоҫ
Ϊ㣬ҪʲôΪҶˣ֧㣡ҶսᶨصǴȰ
šҶصصͷ۹Ҷһ汲룬һ죬ʵ֣
ǋYģY˵һҪԴ򿪣Ҷս콫YµĶǬ˳Ҷ
ŵҶһ٣𵭵˼֪YѾͷôˣҶսｫ˹һɵ㴫ǋYϤζʮϦദͻȻֿȻҶЩûûΣҲŨŨ
ϵĽ򿪣ӳģǿ壬һֻˣ֣̺ŨöYһֱӲ֮⣬ЋYµһţż㣬㿴YǾıʼ
Ҷ磬YˣҪȥңԶ۹ϣܴYһֱҶ磬YһֱҶġYССʱ򣬾һԸҪҶƯԸԶ޷ʵˣYֻϲҶһˣԶԸϵġ
Yдʱ϶ƺǧҪ˵ֲ֪˵Щʲôֻô䣬ֽϣϡһЩἣ
ɵѾͷҶͷЩ૵߶ţԸϵġڶֿʱÿɶҪΪԼİϵϺﰮ⣬ϣϵסԷҪ롣
ҶY˵ʲôҶսҶ˸Уһʵ
Ҷ˸е̧ͷҶս죬һЦY˵ʲôʱȥ۹棬˵Ҫ޵Ҷұ˼ϱҶżģɵѾͷߵʱҲҵ۹ңҳҪȥ۹


127 鱦
𣿡ҶսɵؿҶYôдӦǲܣ
幫㣬ҶһҪыYȢͷӻźϲأҶһ֣صصҶһԣ
šҶ˵ͷ˼ƺƮɵңԶ۹ͷһżսȭͷΣ˲ϣȵĳһYʱٰصYĲϰɡ
ҶǶ˵УҶұĶѫˣڼȱҩ
ȥֿûнҶұĶûҶ˼ʵ˵ô໰Щ
幫úϢ˵ˣҶѾûˣʱҳȥҲкܴջ񡣡ҶóһǬ涼ҩ֮ĶϽ˷ַҶǡ
ҶóǸǬǾöҶս졢ҶһԭǻΪһۣҶұҪһƶϴء
ջ˺ܶණⶫֿĸҲҰˣȫ˹׺幫ΪҶұĿ֧ˣΨһЩ鷳ǣֿѫ۲ĿǱ飬Ҷɱλ͢س۲ܷŹҶңһ£ɽ֮һصȥ֮ǻȰᵽǱȥɡҶԼջһǬһԵϡ
Ҷ˵ۻжҶսҶͷһƬҲڵ¡ҶұǧˣҪ뿪۹ôܵù۹ǲ뿪۹ҶұȻԱȫ
˵ɽ֮һصȥǵ棬ɵô𣿡ҶսʵɽǧΣķҶɽôãɽܶطȻ֪١
һصɽȣֻһС·ͨ棬˺Ѳ㱻˷֣С·Ҳһ򵱹ĪһƬǳ򣬷Բʮ
ȻĵطҶЩԲʮ˵ǧˣˣҲɵˡ
֮ǱԼӡ֮ĶĵذȥҶǰǱߣֻҪСһЩҪй¶ǶȻ޷ֵġ
еطˣҶҶսŵĶ
ЩǬ˶ֿǶֿѫĶˡҶսһǬ˺֮ܶĶһЩ似ֿѫȻֻһֹ¼Ĺ似ȴǷǳ࣬⻹һЩƱ֮Ķ
ⶫֿЩѹ֬࣬ȻͣǶֿڵĲҵͶ˾ˣǽЩ֪ǮҶȻ̾Ҷұڶֿ֮ڵĵ̣ҲѣֿȻʮ֮࣬ׯ԰ҲʮЩԺǿġ
壬ЩʲôҶսżţصЩŵݸҶ
һЩżѣףӡţҶЩŹֵ֣ϳذζ֣ذ֮գѫȻ
ż潲ģѫ沢ֿڵΪ۹׼
ѹѫȲƼұͳһʮ˱ԭԭ򣡡Ҷ֮ˡ
Щżô죬͢ΪҶұϴҶս켤ص漴侲ȻЩżôЩż͵ϴ
ҶҶսһۣЩȻ
ЩżɡҶһµ
׼ô
׼˰Щż͸תۡ
ʶү
ǰʱﱻ˽ɱҾһ
ѹ֮ǰүһ֧ҪҶұǱѫ˻ȥʱһЩ죬Ҷұүûʲô飬ԭҶȻ
û뵽ôһ飬Ҳ֪ͼЩżǷĵġ
Ҷһû˵˴żȥˣѩǸˣѩֻʮ׶ڣǾԲġ
ﻹһЩף幫͸׷ַǰɣҶұٴսЩӦûáҶԼڶֿջױ˳
ЩϺõĺڼףһ߽׵ˣЩڼף˽׵Ҳ˵õǣҶսЩףЩص֮ǰЩڼǴס
ЩڼԱߣҶַʮױɫ죬͹Ź֣͸ŹӵϢЩӵص¥ġ
ЩױʲôϴģЩɡףҶսһѳϡϳϵ֣ڣӶһ£ǰѳҲǸ಻ƺһƣֺܳӶʱ򣬲Сһڼϻֻһʵĺڼױ룬Ҷսһʱ׺ڼһ׺ڼ׿Ǽֵơ
ףҶҲע⵽ҶսǰѾڽ÷Ľ


128 Ǩ
һȻ˺ڼףڼѿķ϶жһ㣬Ϊƽ
鱦ĽҶսŷӦĿһ½ϵϢ֮ݵصһһƷ鱦뵱꣬ҲֻһһƷ鱦ĳǷޱȣֻϧʱҶұеǮóҲ𡣡
漴Ҷսעʮױÿһϸµرһ
һƷ鱦
ҲһƷ鱦
ҲǣҶҶս˸оϢˣ಻ͣ
һǶ£˹̾ʮɶһƷ鱦Ǻܶ˻ŵһμʶһƷ鱦ıס
ֿƫƧСط鱦ǷǳģҶս쳤ôҲֻһѣֻ￴α鱦Ҷ۷ʱҲֻһƷƷ鱦ѣЩʧˣûһ͵ȵһƷ鱦ŵöԺһЩģҪʮʮڵ𼶵ĳϣͷҲôһƷ鱦ѣ鱦󡣶ҶȻһŪʮ
һŽ׸֣ǴһƷ鱦ףһƷ鱦ıֱӶԿʮ׸֣ɴ˿ҲǺܴģ
Щ׶Ҷ˵ûʲôãöɫӺҶԼ
ۿռлдİƽҶóһ֣ǲɹȥˡ
ѫͳȥˣҶȫģ֮һҪȽ˰úã
֪ѫҶǲһЩǣǱ֪ҶұɱѫƻǵļƻԺҲҶұ鷳ӴĹһǰҶұʵ̫Сˣɷĩ˵Ǳǿģһ𼶵ǿߣм𼶵ĸ֣۹Ҫǿܶࡣ
ҶһеҪǿĿҪҶ׳Ȼ޷ԿЩҺͳţ･һԸһҪҶ½ǿ֣֮
֮󣬰ֻ޴ӶֿǻǱʳѾַˣϰƽ쵽ʳһٽʳǳһûʲôģҶҲѾʲôĶ׼ԣˣȻؾǨɽ
·Ҷұط֣һټңȻƾʧһ㣬ҲӰҥе˵ҶұǨ뿪۹е˵Ҷұ˸ˣе˵ҶұɽУǱΧ޿֮ʳ˭Ҳ֪Ҷȥˣ˲⡣
ҶǴƬɽ֣ССڽǴɽ֮УƬɽȵԴԲʮʮֿݵֶУһСͺˮγкܶ㣬ȻһЩõʬ壬Щңһûʲôˡ
ҶаԳȼֻްƬɽȵĳڴǴѣ˿Ƭɽȡ
ʵ̫ˣҶս˶ʮ˷ܣôεĵطһ㲻˷֣ҿԿء㣬ɽԲ⣬ŨٶҪܶࡣ
ףһ뷨Ҷһµ
ʲô뷨Ҷս˿Ҷ
ǵ棬£һЩʲвµĹ¶ϰǹ似ǳΪҶ֮ˡҶҶǮǣʳʲôģṩҶ˶̫ˣҪ׳˲űܳΪҴ壡
ҶսҶû뵽ҶĽ飬ĸоȣһҲô˷С
Ҷ֮ˣö࿪֦ɢҶˡҶսЦһµ֮ǰ徭òԣǶ̫࣬ȴǲõˣҶŪİƽ𡢵ҩ㹻Ҷҷչܳһʱˡ
Ҷǿʼѡʵĵط췿ݣȻ鷳ˣ췿ҪľͷҪɷûǳɽȣаԳѾһѾˣЩľһҪ˲ܺϱùȻаԳҶĿ࣬ʮ׶ޣȻǿƥʮ޵ǿԵظо̤ʵ
ɽһƬæµ󣬵ÿжϣΨһǾҶսҶɵڵĶȻѹҪκãȴǺѣڣҩά֡
Ҷ뵽ֻѧҵΪ塢Ҷǽⶾķ飬¯һж뱸ˣΨһȱٵģܾһԼŵĵʦˣֻѧˡǰ۶ҩΪʦҶʱû뷨ˣ֪ۻ᲻Լ鷳أ


129 С鷨
һҪоѧʣûеʦһָܹǲ˺ܶ࣬Ҷÿ춼鲻ͣؿš
ܿأǼȥˣɽѾһľݣʱסˣһЩͨשߣɽﾭӪһ꣬ӦÿԽһƬש߷ˡ
һһεĥѣҶǵԸӵؼͣӵϧڵǼǣһƵ״տƴ׵۾ĹҶҵʵܿͻ
Ҷսǳȥɫ¶ȥˣҶеҪ׳
Ҷһæµ
ҶɽĳһʯͷϣǰһƬյأɢһʯͷ
꣬һص¥ϹŷûãҶһԵİʵڵص¥ʱ鷨зʽ
ҡҡͷҲ֪ϹŷҲȫ˽⡣
Ҷ۾ʲô֮ǰƮϹž鷨ϿյʱǸһٶʯɣҶռеӡѸٵذڷ
֪˶ãҶ˫ۣǰյԼڷųķ󣬸ص¥Ǹ鷨һģһСġ
Σ鷨ת
ûãôҶɻ󲻽⣬ص¥Ǹ鷨󣬸ڷŵ鷨һģһص¥Ǹ鷨Ҳûκȴת鷨ȴȫתˣ
ЩɥҶյصͷ˼ţܾЩʲôĪؼĶǾ鷨ǸɫԲ̣
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ͻȻЩķ֣ЩµʯͷҶ˼ţͷ򣬴ǿʵʯͷһʯͷϻ
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ҶһЦյϵʯͷȫ£ƽһյأһһʯͷ°ڷÿһʯͷİڷŶΪϸȺ˳
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ҪˣҶһϽ߶ڵķɵԴԴϵزȥ
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ʲô󣬺ԻҶһ£ϲصЧ൱ģⷨԱΪȻ档
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ҶһδǾ޴ľϲһǶԷ治ѣһЩȻͼ㶮󣬵о֮ȴȻһƬãȻܹġ
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Ҷÿ춼鿴óԣ׼ϸϸἸ֮󣬱㿪ʼҶҵÿ춼ھ鷨Աһͨ˳שߣǿʼһЩƽϿũһЩɽеĺﲶ㣬һַæľ
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130 
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Ȼҵ֥ЩǴû˽̣ǽСĵر׼塣
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ܿأʮ׳˾ۼֵıԵǶɻţҶټʲôֻҪҶķԸȥҲϸɣ峤Ȼġ
ټкҪ飬غˣûãҶһˣ
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İԶ壬ԺǶˣһҪƬӣ֮⣬Ҫ˽ӡ컹һЩȥҶһЦ
˶ɻҶģҪʲôȻ峤Ǳԥִˡ
ҶһǼ֥ĵطһظõĽкľͷ
İԶ壬ǰɽɼ֥һ֥ʲôľͷϣҶҶİԶѯʵ
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ҶҶİԶаԳһ𣬳ɽȣŰСʱҵһƬ֡
峤Ҫ֥𣿡ҶİԶɻʵ֥ҵģ
ǡҶ΢΢һЦʱ֪ˣ
ֻҶķаԳǰŭһһ˺ϱֵаԳ𣬰֮ڼϣߵԱߣаԳһ֮󣬷аԳţɽȷ񱼶ȥ
ҶİԶúֱֱаԳֱ̫ǿˣȫȻûкºͿ־壬ǼаԳڣǼػ


131 ֥
ҶҶİԶصɽȣƬ֥Ѿ͹ҶİԶĪЩ׳ǻɫؽŷаԳǿֲʵЩĿɿڴ
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ȻҶԸ׼ʲôǺܿæֱһƬæµ
Ҷ˶ƴûע⵽ҶЩʲôʮΪ֮ǰгǧ߹ɽ֮ΪŨҶսѾͻƵʮף˵ΪҲ˺ܴ˵ԶԶǻڷسŸߵĲΡ
æ죬ɢ˺ܶľмһЩδεľͷֱΧǲܽҶİԶЩ֮󣬶æԼȥˡ
İԶ壬峤Ҫʲô˺ɻ󣬳Զֿһۡ
Ҳѵ峤Ū֥峤ˣ֥ôŪģǰҸǳȥԵʱ򣬾ῴһЩɢ˷ǳľͷҲûжľͷ泤֥ҶİԶҡҡͷŵľͷ֥ܳⲻ̫ʵ
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Ŷ𣿡ҶİԶǺһЦϺͿˣ֥ҩֲġЩ˳ֵ֥ҩݣ˵һЩջ񡣡
ɻҶİԶǰҶԸտӣտʼǼÿ춼ʱЩľͷˮͲˣ档
Ҷӣֶ֥Ҷǲмֵģһ꼸´İ֥ҲŻһöֵ̫Ǯˣ屦ûд߼֥Ҷڻۿռ淭һ£ҳһ䣬ʮ֥⻤ۿռ棬֥Ʒĵͼ֥ûУѪ֥ͼģѪ֥֮ϻ֥֥֥ʬ֥֥ȵȣѪ֥֪˼Ʒ
Щ֥ϵģ࣬һһ꣬ûѧ֮ǰҶǲõģֱ֥ܶӷãֱӷõĻжģҪ֮ʹá
Ҷ⼸쿴˺ܶ໤µϣÿһ֥ϰԡĻȵȣ˴˽⣬ЩϿν֮Ψһһ仰Ǵģ˸һΪ֥޷ֲ
֥Ҫڿ̵ĺڰֱų֥ҪұԵҲųʬ֥֥ҲʺϣҶȷ֣һѪ֥һ֥һ֥ʺƬֵ
֥Ѫ֥һֱӷãò࣬ҩЧȴѪ֥ʮһļǮ֥ǳϡҶ˽⣬֥ȺȽϡУȴƷǲ˼µģΪҩ𶼾ϡ
ȷ֮ҶСشһѪ֥һᣬҶı˺ܶںڵ֥ӣ֥ǿЩֳģҶϸɢָ
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֥ĵطҶɢ֥ӣֱҹһ֮ҶһĻϲػȥˣ֪ЧΣֻȴˡ
ҶֻЩȴǲУϣЩ֥㹻ǿ
ڴ飬ȥ˯ˣ˯УҶԺоԼƬֵأ浽֥һƬһƬĶ䣬ɢ˵ҩ㡣
Ȼ˺ܶĥѺͿҶȻһӰģ硣
峿ҶȻʧЦǲһξ
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132 
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ȻһҶ⻤ۿš𡱵ҲǻϵģĪʲô
˼Ƭ̣Ҷ뵽˻֮УܿӴ˻۵飬ЩήҲӣ
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˵ôһЩģΪʲôջǰ
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ҶͷһԼĻϵȻ˺ܶ࣡
Щϵ֮͵Ǵ˼֣óһЩǼϨĻȼһ㡣
ȻҪϵǾɸ뵽Ҷ߶Ժеķɵһɹɰӿȵӿ뵤ǵתϵ֮С
ܵĻϵڻȸԾЩϵǺɫԽԽȣȼҶȵط֣ԽԽǿ󣬲ѾԼΪˣҶ췴յĻϵԽԽ࣬ҶһЩϵǻ۸໢ѸӰױࡣ
һۣȻôߵǣѾ൱˲õˣ໢ѸӰױϾǲһġ
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Ҷ˻ĹãǾǴϵƽʱϵؽϵע뻤ۣͻὫϵɴȵսʱ򣬾Ϳʹˣ֪֮󣬿ʹüΣдо
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133 ҩ
ֻһϸ΢ĽҲҶ÷ǳģĹУҶԼϵһҲ΢ЩԻϵԸ˽ˡ
켸ҹҶһֱľﲻϵطʵ飬˶͹ģȫһ֮С
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ܶ˶ô˵ƫаҪʲô飬ҲûȥܡҶսЦҶΪѾԶԶ߹ȻԺҲԼ׵̫ʧˣûӲ˵ҪԼĺӸԼӻ
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134 ҩż
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135 ʧ
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ʮʮǿߣۣҲòӣʮ굽ʮף֤Ҷ㹻֮ǿδǿߣָ棬֮ǰ˵ЩЩţ˵ȻǴһ

ǵġȷϵ⣬ҶصԦ֮ۿһֻʮ
Ԧ֮һĨɫõ鱨ڶֿڿ˼ֻʮ׶ޣЩ޶أԡһҶеķȻһ
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޲ܲϳֱӷɵֿȥ
֮ɽǴɽУҶ˻ƽʱһæµţɽĻѾиĹۣһľɢڸߵĴƬƽϣ˽һ͸ۡΧҲ˺ܶأׯڡ

ҶԼľ棬Ϊƾʧ˰ٶΣһ񣬺ַ˴ϣԻԣһЩա
ԭ̫ϵϵ֮֮һϹ֮ĶľƷҲвͬ
Ҷıһ·ֽһһε飬Ȼ󲻶ϵؾ
Ҳ֪ʧ˶ٴΡ
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Ҷ֪ǣڻۿռͨ¯ǲһģڻۿռֻϹͨȻʧܣ
ʧһΣҶЩƣĪԼЩûץסһҪһʦУ


136 ۻ굤
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ףҶ֮ʣͻȻ֣һѽڵҩ֮Уôһҩ໹á
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ۻ굤ĽܣҶȷϣԼƳģǾۻ굤
˵˷ôϣʧôΣƳżֵǵľۻ굤ȴ׬ˣ


137 ֳˣ
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138 δ
ҶҶİԶһУֹͣҲǼææظ˹
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ţҸһɣҪŶӽȥСһ㣬ȵˡҶҲȲҪɹˡ
סǺȻӦǣŪһ֥ǿɶ
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Ҷһ룬ҶҶս죬ÿ˽ȥʱСҶĺ棬ҶȹĵطҲǿŸҲȥǵ飬ҶмֺЦЩǿѪ֥֮ĶǺεȼ
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ʮ꣬ҶұܳΪ۹һ壬ֱ۹壡


139 µĿ
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140 ׼뿪
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ŶҶսȻЩʧҲȻˣֵҩܶ࣬Ǻεȿֲһ飡
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һһ£Ҷս۴ϢѾ춼̻˽ͷˣǿʼɼѪ֥֥֥ǬУҶս͹ȥףɼ֮Ҷµ̸ֲ֥Ҷֲ֥ķֻҶ֪ԺҶǲڣҶˡ
ʱ䣬ҶȻβǰҶѾˣǳɹȻ͵Ҫõʱ򣬳ɹ1ңʱֻǧ֮
ڲĶǾۻ굤ҶϲѣԺĶƾۻ굤ˣ
ϹķּҶĿǰǳѧͽѣҪһ㶼ǧѡ
Ȼڼ䣬ĳɹǳۻ굤ƳٿţԼ˼ţʣµĶҶַˡǳɹһЩһһЩϲֻɹˡ
ûеʦԼܹǲһģ룬ȥҩΪʦѧϰǱҪģȻҩڵģͨϹһһͨͨԼͨϰҩ𾳽磬Ϲڵż
Ҷҳֳ֮ƣҶҲܹģǰ۶ˡһ뵽۶Ҷ뵽ӤͷȻʱȥӤһˣ
㵱Ҫȥ۶Ҷ˵Ҫȥ۶Ҷͷһ۶ɲֿӽ£֮ҶһԿ˵ҶڵʵѾѷɫʮ׶ĸˣǾǸƼ
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Ҷ˼Ҷ룬ҲͬˣҶһֱɽҲ̫ʵҶϾҪȥʶʶĹصġ
ո˼ϣӦһЩôҶǬȡһ鲻֪ʲôӣֵİɫϵžͼһЩ֣С춼̻ᡱ
ʲôҶʵ


141 
춼̻ƣΪ졢סɫ춼̻ύ׵Ʒﵽһܻƣ߹Ҫǽ׵ĻƷﵽһǧϣܻá춼̻ڵ۶ҲС̣дƣﹺƷһŻݣǮֱԤ֧ʮҪǣ춼̻ڵ۶һǿ򣬱Ҫʱ򣬻ڣֻҪ춼̻棬ǶæġҶⰵƣ½ôңܹҲͷʮѣܶҹжòش
幫ôõƵģĪǽѾɹˣҶʵһЩõ뷨ϸɨûʲôֽţ춼̻ỹǺģԼˡ
Ǹ춼ֻ̻ͷ׼֥ǣ춼ֻ̻һʱòô൤ҩֻܸ춼̻ܻϵȸʮǧ춼̻ܻǱ֮һԸ壬⻹ְƣҹȽ˻Ǳߵȴ춼̻ʣµĻҶ͵
ҶҷѪ֥֥֥춼̻ĽһЩ۹ʮ꽻ܺͣһ֥ף춼̻ܾ׬ǧĴͻ춼̻˻ϽץΣ
춼̻ŵù𣿡Ҷʵⷽ棬ǺܽģϾ¹ش
Էģ׵ʱܽ춼̻ҲӲǺعصġҶ˼ǬЩϣԱʱ֮衣
Ҷһ£⼸Ǭռܴ˺ܶƿһƿһöԵһ£ʮǧö
ټһ춼ֻ̻ᣬôֻ֧ô㣿Ҷɻʵ
ҶǺһЦԭһЩƱģŶܶһɾΪ˱׷鵽˿Ҫ춼̻ȫþ֧Ծˡ
幫ЩҶˣǼҪô죿
˶ʮˣǾͲ֪ж١ҶȻĿǰᵽֶپҶԿ϶ǾԻһʷǳӴĲƸøɵйҲΪʱֻոνЩȥ
Ҷ룬ȥ۶϶ܶ࣬ҲˣЩȫ˻ۿռ档
ԺǸô磿Ҷʵټ۶֪ҶģҲ˻ʳǡ
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һ׼֮ʱԳǰ۶ˡ
Ҷ룬һ·ϴŰͿˣ÷аԳ໢ʣɽȵڴɽһ˿ϢµĳޡܵϢǲҵģˣܵһ˿ϢҲĪʹƬɽȡ
֪۶Σǰ˵۶ηҶҲһЩ棬ȥ۶ˣһЩڴ
⣬ҶһҲǿҵȤҩһѧٶ
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ȷֿǱҲû⣬Ҳ֮ҶӶֿŪһƥϺõĺڷŰһ·ˣ·;ңԶ֪Ҫʲôʱܵ۶
ϧӥͻлҪɣȻӥͻȥ۶ӦǷǳġ
ʱ仹ܶ࣬;ܶɽ룬ӵص¥֮ǿ˺֪ܶ࣬ܲܲ׽ޣĵβͳ˴룬ҲѾʮ׶ޣҲ׽ֻޣһ·Ͽһңûкʵġ
ʮ׶ҶѾȤˣҪ׽׽ʦϵģһֻʦޣǿߣҲǺѷɫ
ʦϵޣǾ͸ˣǲ֪ԼܲܽˣܽˣǾץһֻˣǾֻˡʦ޼򲻹ӦûǿԵġ
Դӵص¥ǻظӴ֮ͨޣҶ治


142 ˵
ڷһ·ɽԽ룬ɽ᫵ĵ·Ͽ񱼣Ҷͷŵһ·ɨ˹ȥ
һ·ϣ඼Ľ׵ޣ˾Ž׵޶ǳټһ˾Žϵ޶ֻɽû
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ʱ䣬Ҷһ
ԶȥɫѾҪҵطˣȻֵҰ¶һϣȻҶɽгû޲η壬һ϶ҰܹǺƵһ顣
ɨǰﴦһСӦÿǱš
꣬еطסˡҶЦİСԴ
֨֨Ҳܿĵӡ
Ҷĺڷڷ񱼶ȥ
һһèС֮УֻСֵԵĵ̶ˣеһ紵һɳֱ߼˼ɫҴҡ
Сģ൱ģǧ񷿣Ա߸̵棬ϡǰжô֣֪ʲô£˶ɢˡҶСϿɨСʮҾſգˣҲֻһЩ׷ߡ
ĪΪսң
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ССĿջ֮УȻʮǿߡ
һʮڣʮ׳ڣԼʵȫ壬ҶĴ󵨵ƥǰǴջ
ջСߵһˣܹ㣬ȻЩƾɣ¶Ұ⣬ȻǺˡ
ջͯûУҶԼڷϵǵľ׮ϣ߽ջ档
͹٣ҪԷסꣿһ뷢Щ׵ͷӭ·ʱмΡΡӡ
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ܲԼ֪̽Ů˵ʲôˣ
ҶԸо̬ҲмವһҶĻ
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ҶŴһת꣬Լָ̬
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143 ̨
˵ޣҶĸв죬ʵʲôޣ
һߣһ˳򣡡ƹ
׼߻׼סꣿҶһԱߡ
ǽ׼סƹѹΪҶԶǸȤǲܵģֻʵش
ҶƬ̣ǸŮ˲Ϊֻ޶İɣ˳ľߣһˣ֪ʲôޣصȽײͣҶǲһЩȤǸŮ˶ֻȤǿ϶ֲԼˣ룬¿˵
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°ɡҶԼǬӺͻƽǣƹܽ޵ʵ棬Ϊ˻ǲģһЩҲ޷
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šҶӦʱӣ̫ҽڵڰ಻סˣǸŮ˹ȥ
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Ͽܻޣﲻõģᱣȫġһ˵
֪ܲǵ̫ҽڵˣҴʦ֣ӣʮʮڸ֣̫ҽһ츳Ϊ׿ģʦܣΣҽԽʦܸһʮ׳ڡվǸŮߵ˵
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֨֨Щӡ
꣬ûµģǶԶһߣǿеġҶ̨˵˲ᶯּ֣ĸ֣ӦòʳԶʣƹ˵ֻޣֻ޲ˣҶŸȻҶĸԣ϶ܵԶԶġ


144 
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ʦܣӲô꣬ҪԿģŮأҲΪڲʵ֮ǰǲҪǵĺáҡҡͷ
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ֻоŽΪ֪ԷıҲ֣ܶŵѵʾ𣿡ʦԽߵߣ̫ҽڵĳǶ᲻䷳ؽ̵Բǣصǿ̫ˣ˵͸Ŵ֮
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ȻҲֵܴˣȴҲУӸһĸ˲ɫͨŮǻÿһۣǰȻɴڣ֮ɫ
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145 ̨籵
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146 
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150 Һܳԡ
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㼸ˣҶʵСΪֹȷʵһС
ҽꡣ
ꣿڣҶؿСе㲻˼飬ôߵľ磿ѵ޼ķʽ಻ͬ
Ӧ꣬үү˵Сÿʱ򣬾ͻűҳ֮С˷αǾˡС죬ӳǳǳľѡ
үүأȥˣҶʵСүүֻҲǷǷ֮
үүˡСȻص
㸸ĸأ
үү˵ûиĸһɽ˺þúþãһ쵰ѿˣˣүүҴ˼үүˣҾֻصүүյʱұ˺СˣҾûгǣҶ̫ˣʵ̲סͰСļѼţȫˡСεӡ
ԭߣӷҲѣڸദñȽ϶࣬Сǻۣ൱ӵġ̨˵Ϲ֣֪ʲôϹ֣С֮ʱ䣬ΪѾﵽ˾˵ĳ̶ȣɼϹַͬСɡ
̨籵һСͻܵˣСڵΪ൱һǿߣҲǼΪ˵ˣϾڲѣǵָȫʢˮƽӦʲôʦǸߣʦҪǿܶ࣡
ҶļϣмֵӣҶò˵ʵ̫ܸˣȻɫعôֻ
Ժ͸Ҷɣȵ˵۶ÿԵ˵ʱ㲻ܱ仯ɱ壬Ȼܶ˻ᱻġҶСĺ󱳣
ţ֪СЩ˿ң˵֡СЩĵӣ˵ͷһܱԺԶҶСವһ£һԼɫСߣȫߵС棬͸ĳ򣬾һֻͱȽϴѣһȣ˵һ·Ҷ
СȻСҶĸоϲ


152 ʯ
Ҷ磬СԺܴùǸŮ𣿡СҶﴫ
Ҷ֪Сָ̨籣ͷһԵģ
ţҶ硣С۵
Сˮ̶ЩʯͷʲôҶʵ̶׵ʯͷܲ򵥵ӡ
֨֨˵˼䡣
˵ǱʯһЩСַ˳˺ͯģ
ʯǿɲ԰ЩʯóҶʣЩʯͷ̺ŷǳŨı֮ϵаԺ˵ֱܷʯ;
Щʯһˣүү˵Ұģ̫ˣҵһ̶ˮ棬ͱˣòСǴ̶ıԵ̶׵ıʯ
СȥҲᱻ
ҶЩȣ⺮̶֮ˮô䣿
쵽̶Ϸһɱ֮͸һ壬Ӵ֮ͻᱻסҶתֺĸо˼֡
ֱ֮Ҷڵı棬Ҷˮ̶֮УֺĸоҶ͵һ£ۿ־ҪˣϽת֣ıѸٵػȥ
ڵıһһǿҶֱֻ۶û˺̶֮УֱûбסҶ˷ܣ׼һ£ܲµ̶棬˫ȥȻ壬һһ㣬̶֮ˮظҶͷ
ɲȥԶԶվ̶ߣĴۿҶ
Сһ˫۾ǳһֱҶ⺮̶֮ˮһֱû뵽ҶȻҽ嶼û뺮̶֮УҶҪֲ̾ð˵Ҷ
βͰڶţһֱעҶ뺮̶ǷǳΣյģвпܱɱ
Ҷһ·ǱˮףһʱҲȥЩʯΪͷϣѾ˵衣
̶ףͣűĺԿš
תȫǱ֮ڷӿתԽԽ׳
ҶڵıϵʱҶֵĻۣƺһЩı֮ضԿÿһʱ䣬Ļϵͻᱻļ֣ԽԽ
ֻҶЩǣǻĻȫϨˣǲͻʧ
Ҷڵһתɻϵע뵽˻֮УĻϵõ䣬ȼ
ôҶڵĻϵͱϵ˴֮伤ҵײ淭ʱüʱüȣֱǱ졣
ϵϵҪǿĶ۳ӣ߱˴˻ƣѸٵתһ˫ǣԽתԽ졣
ҶôˣСŵؿ̶ף̶ףȻʱʱð⣡
ҡҡͷ״Ҳ֪ʲôԭ
Ƭ̼䣬СоΧı֮ȫ̶˹ȥ
ҶһУЩȫգ˵֮УҶ֣ھתĹɣǰһˣϵתɢֲǹһ㣬Ҳ֪ı仯Ǻûǻ
۾̶ı֮ѾյһɶֻбʯڲͣزЩʯҲ֪ǺȻвҶѾЩˣһЩʯһǬС
ѱʯڻۿռЩףʯĺԿԻǵһǬȽϺá
׷˲ٱʯʮö֮࣬Ҷһ©£ԺƲˣıܲŸˡ
ʯȫ֮Ҷವһڳ˺̶
Ҷ磬õЩʯˣСϲʵоҶʣһЩ仯һƮȻζҲ˺ܶ࣬ȻʮڣҶͨܲһȻҲؽ̶
ȻҶΪССȴãҶغǿжҶһЩη
ȫˣСЩʯǱ㸸ĸģҪʱҪҶһЦСԸԼͰ֮ҶûЩʯΪС
ţҶ磬лл㡣СмصԸоҶͰȷʵܺá
ҶǬպã濴һۣӦûзǳӴĿռ䡣
СǾҪ뿪ˣʲôҪ׼𣿡Ҷʵ
ţҶ硢㣬ԵȣһͻС˵ر壬ವһ£Ѩȥ
ҶоСһֱ˶ѨЩʲô
ʮӣСֻˣΣа׵СһͼĽ˿ңݸҶҶȰұҰɡ
ʲôҶʵ
үү˵ӦҰְҵģҳܴ֮򿪡СûһĻҶͰǷǳΡ
֪СеүүôһˣƿĳǿߣȻ֪ô࣬ϧСүүѾˡ
šҶͷҲ޷򿪽ң׼ۿռ棬ȴȥ棬ҲŲСĿռ䣬֪СĸĸСʲôغãʵǿ𣿡
Ҷ硢㣬߰ɡСϲصܣûжڴڿԲһ˴ıˣ֪ôġС˺
һ˱ߣճߣԶȥһĨԶĵƽ𣬹âɡ


153 ҩ
Ѿˡ
ϧڷûˣֻ·ˣСҶĺ棬ضʱʱʸ⣬ޡ֮࣬ܶʱǰĵ
СҶоԼ֮һ룬Ժ˵ʲôҶҲϹϹˡ
СͰߴﹾ˵ޡ֮ԣҲǱһζҶеĴʻ㣬ѧϰò˶ãҲѧ
һСǵ¥һٷҶƥŪ˼ʮͷţóʦ֮Ūۿռ棬ǼʶСʳСԶ׽˹˾ȥˣգۼ书һֻ¶ˣҶϿʲô
ôСһͯȴ˾˵ʳĶΧۣҶСϴˣñ˿֣ö֮뿪С
˳Źٵһ·۶ȥ
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Ҷ磬˵èһͨޡ޲һһèβ;ͻữˣԽѧữεè츳ԽߣҲףΪʲôβˣûѧữΡСһһ߳ȣһص
šҶ˵ͷԭ츳èһӦǷǳߵˡ
˵һѧữΡС
Ϊʲô˵ԽΣ츳Խ𣿡Ҷһ£һ۰꣬ȴ΢죬˵ĽˣȻһ
СŴ۾ؿ˿ֿ꣬˿ҶҶôͻȻ˵ˣôͻȻˣ˵磬Ѷأóԡ
Ҷ֮Сһ·ϼгԲȺţ⣬ԼҸҶͰãԣ
Ǵ۶Ѿңңһ·ϣߵĶǹٵûʲô鷢죬ʶ;һУҶ۹˴µ˽⡣
⼸棬ֿǱȽϲˣмΪʳȱҾ췴أɴѹɱ񣬺ܶʮҾſգٵߣҲʱῴһЩˡ
֮Уͬݽ档
Ҷ΢΢̾Ϣһ˵ı䲻ôֻ࣬Ҫֱͬģˡ
ٵϲʱд׵ɳ۶Щٵϳֵҷ񣬵ҲûжЩôҲûѹǮƣɼﻹһЩġ
˵òۻһĻʵۣʳѾӸ︯ˡ۹˲űܱ߼֮Уһǿ߰˰䣬ܿ˥ս֮۹ѾٱıԵ
һ̶Ӻ棬ԶԶ㿴һ׵ĺΰǽɽ
ٹصˣǵ۶ˣЩ̶˶ߺԸͬĵطһ·Ϸ¶ޣе죬еĸн˴ãҪĿĵˣܲ˷ܣ
Ҷ̶Ӻ棬ǮǷãٹء
ٹдפأǽÿһ׾վһĸߴ׵ľʿĿбӣ䡣
ٹҲ֪ĸפأξǺһ׵ġ
ٹ֮󣬱㿴ƬӵķݣЩݶЩƾˣһֵЩлķ䶼Ъţٹ֮ڣ鲼˺ܶ¥ջдƬļԺվ˺ܶͿ֬Ĩ۵ŮˣӶĿ̡
ȷʵȶֿˡ
Ҷ磬ǵ۶𣿵۶ö˰ǸˣСŴ˷ܵصһ·ϣڻʳƲ٣СѾһֺСӣԲĹĵ۵ģ껭ĸޣǳɰ
ﻹֻٹأҪϰܵ۶ﷱˡҶЦЦ
ﻹǵ۶С۾ѾϷǳˡ
⣬ĿӦоУܶණҶֱвٰ̯ҩݵģҶɨЩҩݾ󲿷ֶͨݺܵͣһЩȻͨҩݺһЩҶ˵ҲһöûУЩҩֻǹͨ˼ʹãȴǲ
֪ܲҵһЩö
ɨһҩ̣оﵹһЩĶҶͷꡢСȥǰǼҩ̿
˳ŽֵǰƬ̣㿴ֱһûʵĵ̣ǰƮ顰ҩ̡֡
ϣĪĺϣ
Ҷ幫˵۹֮ļ壬˲űֱգ֮ڻкܶʮǿߣм߼ҩʦҲкüһòҲڸҩѧϰ֮
ҶҩģϵıҶĻۿռװʮǧһʲôһеʲܹʮͳˣҶͷľʮܺͻҪ࣬¶´࣡ЩǮҶ֥׬ģδŸΪӴĽ
ʲôõҩݣۿռ˵Ժ˵õϣͿҩ棬ûϵĶˡ
Ҷ߽ҩ棬ҩ̵ƹһˣʮң׳ߴһߣ˽׶֣ڹ̨еغŲ裬ʮͣæµš
ںϣһ㲻ļӵܣᱻɵҵһ˽׶־Ȼɵ￴꣬ɴ˿ɼ̣֮
ҩܶץҩ󲿷ĶͨҩݣһЩϧҩݣڹ̨һһɨ㷢вٺö
ǸӴüΪʵ˺صĴ󣬺ҩ̶Щϧҩݺεӣ
ϵҩ鲼۹ÿ궼ϷǳҩݣвһЩϧҩݣЩòϣͷڵۣ۹ҩʦǶǺҩ̵ĳ͡
Ȼмʮλ˿ͣϹϧҩݵģȴһûС
ټһҩ̣ϧҩݵ춼һһ׮һһ׮Եֵͨҩ֮ܺͣ
ҶϧҩݵĹ̨ȥǸƹ񿴵Ҷ۾һ̾öˣһҶ֪ҶһҵߣϴŵèӦһֻ׵ޡӵܣҩҩݻѵǮͨ˵ʮϰٱ
λˣҪأǵ䵱ҩҩݣǸƹվصϷӡ˵ʱ򣬴Ҷ²Ҷ
Ե䵱ҩҩݣҶʵû뵽ҩ̾Ȼҵ
Ǻҩոҩݡҩ۸񹫵üͷ΢壬ҶȻ֪ĳЩƧСӵܡ
һ⣬ŻкԳͨС⣬ɻдͿˣȻѾӴҶҲǲɫ
֪ҪЩʲôأأ񵭵ʵ


154 Ʒ鱦
򣬸ҩݣǹҩݶóɣҪģ۸񹫵ҶˡҶҪȥҩѧʱ϶ҪõܶҩݣԼǮ࣬౸һЩҩݾûдģҶһ㣬ѵ۶Щҩ̵ҩȫͳ
ҶĻüëһҶȻ˵Ҫǵ̵ҩȫˣҶ֪ҪǮΪҩСҩ̣ҩǲҶģԱ߼ӣָŹҩݵϺõĶݡӥݡ׻ݣִ򿪼ӣײݡĲݡЩҩ;㷺֪СֵҪأҩأ
СЩӣ֪ҶΪʲôҩ̣ЩĿҩݣȤȴǲ
Щҩÿҩ궼򵽣ҪһЩҩ򲻵ĶƷҪԸһЩҶɨ棬öмĺЩȻ֪ʲô洫ȴҶΪ֮ĶƹģǸӣŵʲôҩݣ
һҶ֪ҶרΪҩݶģһ˵
װģǺϴӸҩݣܶҩҲ˵Ǽ۸񲻷ƣÿһҩݵʮϣСֵܣȷҪ𣿡ϸ۾Ȩ⿼š
ùɡҶ
Ҷʮһ㷴ӦûУ֪ǸˣͷһЩҩʮ꣬ͬ࣬涼ɢŨ
ɨһЩҩݣҶܿȫ˳ôϣҶҩݣϷǳϤˣЩҩݺʶҶȴ֪һۿռ涼УҼֻ࣬ͼҩݣϲ¶ЩʧɫȻûǵĺöó
ЩҩݶûʲôãƹģǵõĶóɡҶûʲôˣڷܡ
ЩҩݣСֵ֪ܶЩҩѾǱõҩˣһ꣬ҪٶЩȻصҩݣȴǮܹģ֪Сֵĸģ
һС塣ҶüĪҪǼɣ
ҩݣֻһЩͣ۹ҡ΢Щջ𣬵۵ģõҲЩˣСֵǺϵƹұСֵܡ
ҶɨǸǼҩ󣬷˲ϧҩݣһ൱Ҳû취ʮְաϣǵۿͣ˭۹ңͨǸ
˵ʱһڵ˼ĵ˽˹̨ߡ
ҡҪ䵱˼Ҷ߶µشӻͳһóһƿǸƿ๸
ԱߵĻƿһüͷҪ䵱ʲô
ŵҩҼҶ˵
ҶͷһǸߣĿ˴ƿһɨƿʲôǴƿȻ๸ȴһöʮ־£ʵϸܣԼĪһߣɨƿоһ˿º͵Ϣҩڴƿ֮з·õһ㣬ҶִƿǿҵϢǿҵϢ֤ƿһƷ鱦
ǻùƿ濴һۣȷʵûޱصöʮӣ
Ҷ˵һžʮӣԻöÿһӣ˼ֱԻƸļ۸ܲ
ǻȻû뵽ãһƶ˾ȻôʶԱߵĺһۣ䵭صӣ
Ҷһصƣǻ˵ĻǺģֱǺڵ꣬ѹֺôļҵ䵱ҵıҶ˽⣡
Ҳˣ˼úҲһѽƿ˻
ϹҸղ˵ӣ㲻´䵱ʱ򣬿ɾֵֻһˣǺҩ̲գҩҲգǻƶݺݵصһǸ˼ҡ
˼ҿ¶һڰЩɣӶ˵Ѿһʾ޿ˣӲö˵Ǵ֮ԺãڣΪ˱ץ˵ҪʮӲܰѶ뵽ҪǺҩ̸ļ۸̫ˣ˵ҩ̨̺ܴǷŻȥҩ̶Ķˡ
ֲ̿ԥӣҶ˹ȥºϣҶ£
˼ңѶô㿪ټۡҶڵƿҲһԶԶֹӡôһ˼ңԼҲûҪƭ
Ǻҩ̵ģŅ̀ͷҶЩɵʵ
ǣһ·ģҿԳǮĵҩҶ΢Ц
ҶĻɫˢһȻ˸ԼĵĿŵԼ⣬Сӻζ


155 ã͵
ŵҩҪӣ𣿡ǸؿҶ˿ﲼ๸ĴƿƿҲһ
ʮöƿô˼ңҶʵ˲ΡΡӣҶƭ˵ǾţһëƿԼռĪıˣϾƿӦһƷ鱦
ģֻƿ˼۾˼ؿҶʶޣ֪ƿæӦһһοҶһóʮţ
Ҷʮ˳װһռȽСǬ棬ݸ˼ңˣǬҲ͸˼ˣ˼СպáҶͷǬ٣һЩռȽСôֵǮ
Ǹ˻ûǬֶشǬһۣټĿռһǬҲǺöһƿôණԼֱΣؽƿݸҶƿӣ
˼ҰƿӵݸҶʱԱͻȻһȣȵȣ
˵ǺʱῴҶҪƿһö֮ǰȻˣؿҶҵҩҵ⣬СֵδҲ̫˰ɣ
ҩ̵ĻѾӹ̨߳ˣĿ¶׹ضҶ
ԸȻ˼ҲԸǣҳ߼£кβףҶ༥ӹ˼Ĵƿ֮һĸо˼Ѷպã߰ɣóٹزҪˡ
һԣŵûתҪҩ̡
˭ߣ£Ҫ˵˵Уè׽һ㣬ϷʵؿҶ
ҪסˣֻҶһƵؿھǱݺݵһǣɫ԰ףĵ˼˼ʱҲ飬æܳҩ̣һʧȺС
ƹ׼˵ҵҪҩ̣ǲǽĵطҶһҲûо֮ɫϾؿźԺϣȴûʲôη֮ġ
Ҷ磬ҪеˣС˷ܵص
ҶһСû뵽СǸԻ֮⣬б
һƵķӦüͷһ壬֪ƵʵǶǺϵΧӵܣ׵ʵҶһߣܴоŽ׶ʵпʮ׵ģ
оŽ׶ϵʵѹҶ޿֣
֪λСֵܵĸӵܣŵĵӣǺϸŵн飬飬ҲŵϣȻҶҲҶ׵ϡ
ܹλ۹һұҲǲ򵥣ĪҲҪ峤ӣҪҶѳԽȥĶ³ǾԲܵģԺƿװƷҩ൱ģϾһƷ鱦ƾʲôøϣ
ƿģΣϵб£ʹѶȥ⼸¶ڵ۶ʱ򡣡Ҷܣʮƻ񣬵ЩˣҲ׵ģʮ׸ֵһɢȥǼʮɫ԰ףվȣƾЩˣٶҲϡ
ʮ׸֣ɫ䣬ŵŵŵ˼ںϣʶ㣬оҶǸʮ׸֣һǸսʮ׵֣ʮ׶壬ᣬѾʮ׶壬ϣҲ׵ʮǿƵѹ֮£üΪѣҲ˵
۹ڵʮ׸֣϶ϸϣôͻȻðһ֪ģĪҹĲɣᣬ㱻ʮǿߣҶļ壬ֻҲһȻ
Ҷö֣һСͰ꣬С꣬ߡ
һɻؿҶһгҩ̣ѹһɣʱڴڵشϢ·Ѿʪ͸ˣȻǿ־塣
ΣŷӦһԱߵĻƣһֻѶҪ峤
Ҷһгҩֻ̣ವһַٵܽҩ棬Ҷһɨ֪ҪʲôˣεЦһ¡
һᣬҩˣϵ˸Ǭװ˺ܶϧҩݡƽеҩһطϴһˡ
һߺߵӣ˵һҺڵ꣬˱С㣬ǵù
ҶЦҡҡͷǬƽҲнǧö߰öһЩҩݣ߹ҶҩݣҲ棬һݣƷ൱ңư˾Ʒϧҩҩȼҩ֮õˡ
ƺϵûֶֻ֪ŨǼĶûüͻغϣȻıһ϶Сղصġ
ҩ̻ǮһӣѸոƷ鱦ƿǮ׬˻
߰ɡҶ˳Ŵһ·ȥ
֨֨Ҷ˵˼䡣
С˵ʲôҶСʵֻеһ㣬˼ƫ
˵ҶҪҩݵĻҪȥҩ򣬰㼸ʱܰѵ۶ҩ̵ϧҩȫСҲúƣҪҩݵĻȥòͺˣҪأ˷Ѱ
Ҷͷ󺹣껹пôһ۶ɾʹˣƺ̫ðɣ
ǲˣϧҩݶ͵ˣЩҩͶˡҶ
˵ã͵ССصһ˫۾аؿҶ
Ժ˵ɡҶˣò͵𣬲ҩĺˣ͵ǵҩݣҶҲûʲôǲ͵е۶ˣȥʦɣҪҩѧء
Ϊǰ˵۶ûʦ˽ͷҶĴҵүڵ۶סүĹܼһҶϵİ꣬ԼҶòǳҶææáүصؽһèˣһҪдӦ
үסլĹܼ֪ҶҪȥҩæڼڼһҶ˵۶㼱ææظ˹
үլԺҶһԺǳ
ʦһߺ
ҶȻ۾һԱߵİСЩ˷ܵصꡢСʦˣ
ҶһдҴҵص˴
ʦڼҶһҾ
ڼϺȲ裬ҶЦǺǵصû뵽ô˵۶үæȻ粻ˡ
ڼȻͰӣҶС
׼׼һȥʦɡڼЦЦҲмּ͵ҪҶҩˡ


156 ҩ
ҵĶǬͿˡҶʵҿԴСһȥ𣿡
ǣڼĿ⣬ҶԵСϣСֻӣֺģʮֿɰ
ҵļˡҶ΢΢һЦ
ҶĻСۿֽ֣߬Ҷ½ǡүүҶǵڶɼ˵ˣҶͰһúܿġ
һɡڼͷ˵ǲ˵ģһϾСһĺӶѣӰ첻
ллʦ
ڼҩ£ҶҲм֮ǰڻﳢɹʷǳͣ˵Ϲڵ̫һһԼһ츳ûôߣҩ˳Ƕˡ
ȻҶҲʦһ·˻ʳǡ
ש̾͵ĻʳǹŵϴУʳ֮󣬾ɫһˣ̨ͤ¥󣬾ԻʼɣɽɫʤգԶ˷ʮשߣư硣
ʦסڻʳǱԷǻʹɭϣûʦԲܹȥϻĶɡڼҶ
СسʹǱϾǵһַĵطۼĽˡ
ҩΪλסʹأҶЩʡ
˵ʦţΪһЩ飬뿪ʦţ˴½۹֮ܵ۵룬ﶺΪʲô۵룬ʦ֮󣬾ͻ֪ˡĿǰʦĸʽӣǴʦ֣⻹ӣʶˡһ߼ҩʦмҩʦ۹һ۹ϡڼΪҶʦŵüһ˿ǡ
ϣҶüͷһ
ҹϵǺܺãʦŵģܻΪ㣬ͣϾʦѧµģĶǵġڼʦ֮Уҩӣܵʦżһ˽Ӵࡣ
šҶͷóʦڼǸϺˣ˵㣬Ϊ˿˵㣬Ҷţ˲۸ԼͷҲͰˣ۸ԼͷǾͱˣɲڼô롣
ʽӣʦ滹ʮӣϧǵĿǰΪֵֹ츳޷ʦ⡣ʦţʱֻȳΪӣʦȷ츳֮󣬱ԳΪʽӣʱҾͿʦֵˡ츳ò˶ãͿԳΪʽӡڼЦһ
һŬġҶһûʼʽѧϰ֮ǰܹе
ּСһֱ˺ߣҶһһҴʻС
ССԲ߰ммСɽïܣ֡
á
ڼ˵Ҷ𣿡ҩһҶź룬¶飬ȻҶΪɼҶһϣгɾ͡
Ҷ̧ͷ˿ǰߣҩˣҩ׷棬壬ŻɫĳۣͶ䶼һƮȻζ
ݼҩ𡣡Ҷ΢΢һϣ
ţΪʦΪӣ츳Σ֮ͨ󣬱ԳΪΪʦʽӡҩŰ룬ͰЦסһڼŵģе伮㶼ģܹѧ٣Ϳ컯ˡÿµУʮΪʦԸǽ֮Լʮ죬ʱ䣬Ϊʦһȥ㡣ܴ֮ﵽҪԸΪʦˡ
㣿Ҷһ£ѧϰһΪʲôеһĿĪ㣬ʲôɣ
˵ҩ൱ģÿºķôʱ̵ͽܣһҩ˵ʱǺε󣡻ôʱ̵ͽܣġ
㡣ҩǺһЦ
ҶһڼڼҲһЦҶĺ档
ʦʲôҪҲʱûˡҩ
ҩ˺һҲûλߵĸ߰һִĸоҶҩ𲻽һЩøС
ţлʦ𡣡Ҷͷ
ʱ룬˽
㡢·桢Ƴɣôˣҩ𿴵ˣʵ
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˵ʦִĵʦűˣǹǺһЦ´һҶʦ˵ǸӢŰɣȻȲ
ϣ͸һеƣڼ̫һڼԵñȽϣҶȴǷǳº͵ģɤźܴЩ̶Ҷʱдһ˿мҶǲˬ
ʦһҲһ߼ҩʦ
·Ƴɶ˿˿ҶǶһĨ΢ЦÿǶһ˼ҩ£ΪҩµļӣΪʽӵģҲĸѣȻҲҶ
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ĻڼЩŭû˱ô£߸ӣܵżˣʣһҲͶһߣʮӣ϶ˣʦţֱֻ죬ϧʦ𲻹ЩڼҲΣصҶ츳ˣ༸ȴǲһ츳ʤңΪҶһҾҶסǸԺ棬Ա̽д衣
ڼ룬ҶЩסһ˵Կ˵ҶΪԶЩӣѱǲᰵʹӣǱҪάҶ
츳ʤʦ֣ʦǫˣʦֵ츳ʦ֮꼫пܴﵽҩ𼶱һ˵ȣȵùʦ֣ʦһסʦֵıԺʦֵ΢΢һƲ
ʦ֮Уڼˣлﵽҩ𼶱κһ˴ﵽҩ𼶱ʦеĵλʹһϧĿǰΪֹ˾׶Զ
ڼԸҶסıԺҩȵʵڼ֮ϵͣҲ֪޴ӻ⣬Ϊգ֮ǰǼӳߵԭҲǼ츳ҲǺܺãҲˣһ󲿷ʱ䶼ͽͽϣԹĶҲᷳúܡҶҲڴڼԸҶסıԺòˡ
ǵģʦ𡣡ڼͷ
ǵĶԻ֮УҶЩ֮Ĺϵڼλߣ˵һû뵽ʦУȻ˾ȣڼԼά֮⣬ҶǸмĵġ
ˣȥɡҩ˰ֵ
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157 ڼıʼ
ҩ𿴿˵ıӰȻһ̾һΪﵽҩ𼶱۹Ҳϵλ磬ڼĸе⣬ϧ֮ദܹһЩԼ뿪ʦŵ飬Щ
˳úڼø˿ףԴҶһͬǰԼıԺıԺ䣬ڳҶСס´´ࡣ
ڼҶԶСʲôΪûУ
üȥ飬˵ڼƼұѡεʱСǰ˽׶壬ڲŹĸ£ҲǾŽ׳ڡ·˵Ҷұɱ˶ֿѫͱСӸɵģҲ²Ǵԣѫʮ׸֣һ˽׶ģôڶ̶ĸʮס
ô취Ϊʽ֮ǰڼҶάоһЩѹһҶʦǰó裬˵һ˽׶壬ǶԻǺвġ
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Сһֱڵô죿Ƴʵ
Ҳһֱڵϲȥߵ
СӼϵèϲģʲô׵ޣʲôʱ͸ĸ·濴ڼҶ˵ıӰЦص
˵ЦԶˡ
Ҷ˻ղ˵ЩˣͷһƬ䣬Ǻ·Ǿ仰ջˣϸոհԼ˻·Ҫ⣬ҪûײﻹãײҵһҪ֪Щǲ
Ҷһиڼĺ棬һԺͨԲεĹţһС԰һƬ϶ҩݣҩ磬Щҩݲߣʱֻ֮ãʯʯΧ䡣
Щңһ£˰ʰ䣬ǾסɡڼתȥˣڼԸ˵ԶԶش
Ҷ磬˵ʦܺáСһԳ
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Ҷ硭Сˮ۾Ҷ
ôˣҶʵ
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ҶҲǬ˺ܶ𣿡
ѾˡСЩŤ󣬲˼ص
ЦҶļϴ˸ҶЦεشӻۿռŪ˲ţ⣬СǬԻʳ̫ˣһ˻𣬵ö׼ţС
ܿأ䱻ɨ˳ҶͰһ䣬Сһ䣬ﰲ
һÿٷŮѶ͵ÿ˵ķ䣬ԷʲôȫóģܿͿԸҩѧϰ֮ˣҶĸ˷ܡ
ʦıԺ䷿רģõڼҶزιۡ
֨ѽһҶƿһ䷿ţ濴ȥ⴦伫Ϊڷһ޴¯ң֧ƣǽҩϰ˸ҩݣԱߵĮ̇Ϸ˺ܶദҩݣԵЩңһŮǲܽģûʲôʰ
վҶļϣҲǺĴ
Ҷߵһǰ棬ڷһЩ鼮ǹģڼһЩĵõȵȣһ¼鼮һüͷ⼸صݺ̫֮ϵһ飬ȫûκοɱԡ
⼸ϵݣ̫ϵ϶У̫ϵǰ벿ΪĲ֣ں벿֣͸öˡ
ܿ죬Ҷ⼸ûʲôȤˣڼʼǿڼʼǼ¼øΪ꾡ķ䷽ʱÿһı仯ĵ㣬¼÷ǳ
ԭʱ֮ţѹԼĳɹôͣЩŶͨõģҲԼϹܶࡣҶ׼ȥԿҪƸľۻ굤Щ֮ĳɹӦûЩ
ͨҪʱϹҪö࣬һ¯ͨľҲҪʱ䣬ҪרŵҩͯҶʱû취ԡ
ҩڼĻҪѧϰܶණֻнʵˣ°빦
һǳΪԼƸ߼ҩЩ߼ҩ֮󣬿ԵֵһʮĿޣѧޣ;ͬ顣ȻȫԵҩעʵսҲǲеġ
Ҷȫڼıʼ֮С
ڼſھҶרעӣ΢΢һЦȻ뿪ˣûдҶ
ֱ߰ҶŷԼķ䣬һ컹൱ջģڼҲס÷ǳ⣬ΨҶЩƵģǼˡ
صԼ䣬Ҷڴϣһ˿ҶƶΪҶʵϣҶ˻ۿռ֮УڳһǧݲϷ뻤ۿռڵ¯֮УȻĻ档
Ļ֮𣬱ͨҪҵö࣬ٶȱȽϿ죬ͬʱҲʧܡ
ҶЩļɣĵѹĻ棬͸¯¯ÿһ˿¶ȵı仯ҩķӦҲȫҶ֮С
˿ҩı仯
Ȼ֮ǰҪӦֶˣҶоԼ϶ͻơ
֮ǰԼһϹĥײܿƣڣһ
ʱһһţҶԵظоʱԼҲһһǿСһ֮ЩأڣѾָ˴롣
˺Σе㲻̫룬ûдﵽҶҪЧǽȻҶʮ־ϲһǧݲϣܹ˶ʮŵҩȫǾۻ굤ɹʴﵽ2ңѾ൱˲ˡ
ⲻǾǱȾľۻ굤
ջҶܲ˷ܵرŰ˼ڣæܵһȥˣۺ죬ѾǵһαҶϷˡ
Щۻ굤պã룬Ͱ궼Թۻ굤ˣۻ굤ҩû֮ǰʺٳһţ֪СܲܳԾۻ굤СѾڸ˯ˣһʰɡ
ۻ굤߶ԣͨҩֻߵΪۻ굤ȴǿߵ츳ȫͬĸ
Ҷһ˾ۻ굤֪ܲƸ߼ĵҩ
뷨֮ҶжŪһǧĲϣԿܲƳĵҩĳɱȾϺܶ࣬Ҷô˵ȴʲô
ȫ֮ҶͶ뵽ĹС


158 ٵ
ƾȣѶȺҪʱ䣬дӡ
һҹ޻
СʱѾҪҩ𽲿εʱˣûƳɹҶЩ꣬СʱͷжϵĻǰˡ
һҧȰһ¯Ƴɹ˵
󶫱ĽãʮֿϷ˷ǳ¯ҩ֮Ķҩף˵ϯض
ҩݣȽϴǳԼӵģڼ㡢·ƳĸʽӶڡ
˶𣿡ҩɨ̨ˣʵ
ʦʮȫˡǰһӵ
ҩɨˣҶûг֣һνΣҶȻͳٵˣһüͷ
ҶûǲҲطҸ˹ȥһ¡ҩص
һӦŵŵŵ˳ȥ
һڼӽͷӶۿ
Ҷ˭
˵ʦһӡ
ʦģ¶˹ŹֵЦ⣬֮ǰʦļӣ׽Ū߸뿪ʣһҲ÷ġ
һÿΣȻҲҳٵʦӡ϶˼㡣
ֱǲ֪ߵغ񣡡
һᣬȥǸ˻ʦҶʦ֪ܲģʦֱԺſڽ˼û˻Ӧ
ҩЩ죬Ҷ츳ϧ̫ˣֻδɾޣʶܶţܶ츳֮ϣڹ裬Ϊӹӹµµ֮ҶͻСӵʱ̵̵УҡҡͷˣˣǿʼϿΰɡ
һڼȻ
ǻȥʲô⣬ˣΪʦǽ𡣡ҩıͻ˵ɡ
ǣʦ𡣡ֱͦţһڼУҩΪĵӣĿǰҲѾмҩʦˣֻǻ򻹲һЩڶпܳΪʽӵһˣһȥ¯һ¯ƾĳɹʣдʮ֮ģʱ򣬳һЩ⣬һƵĹ˳ڶʱҩңҪȣ죬ʧܣЩ⡣
Իƿأ죬֪һּգҪϸ£ǶԻϵƿءҩ٩٩̸ʱһЩϸڣҩ֮Ĵ߻ӦȵȣҩݵƢԣнľˮֻԣͬʱΪĻͬһЩܻںϣеĸӣϾʮʧܣڶʱǵһںϵĩڣҩڻĴ߻֮£ݵҩݵҩںϣУ԰ղλںʧܣͻᵼʧܡ
ҩ𽲽ӣܽˡ
棬ǶԻϵƿܹһʱǱרעһЩܸ֮һʱһҪǾľҩ׻׻̵
ǡЩգҩһеģʱȷʵЩˡ
һڼӽԶ۵ؿҩмƫģҲѹ֣˭츳أʮӵУźȴ׼мҩʦˣΪҲﵽ˰˽׳ڣȱǿ˲֪١˽ǵƣҩһʽӣĪЩȻۺ죬ǿ׳죬ҲֻСĵطС
һڼ˽ϣҩǰһڳ̡ܽר־ӡ
мʣҩĽ
Сʱ󣬱ԺڣҶרĵע¯·Ļ棬ȫʱ䣬Ŀ֮£ȼţÿһ˿ͷı仯Ҷյþ׼λϹľ衣
Ϲϸϸζ
Ϲ֮ʱƻ棬޲л޲Ҷȴ϶һݣ仯ͨϹִһˡ
ҩ಻ϱ仯ʱ̣һɰɫڶҶͷһˣ
ЩɵҩƳۿռ䣬Ƴһööҩܹʮһöɹʰٷ֮Ҳ㲻ˡ
ЩҩÿһŶָ׸ôͨںͨ͸ɢŴͨۻ굤ʮ࣬Ҷһ»ۿռ鼮ҵʲôҩ
굤
ۻ굤һЧȴǾۻ굤ʮʮ߲ܷãֻǿ߲ʹã
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Ҷ˷ܲѣóһƿ֮ǰںҩǸ˼µƷ鱦ƿѾҶϴɾˣɢĵղصҩ൱
ҶСĵؽЩ굤뵽ƿУ¶΢ЦѾּƷҩˣּƷҩǱ˵֪ҪΪ֮ˡ
൤ҩҪԱܵģԼˡСԲˡ
ãٵˣҶԼӦȥҩ𽲿εģⶼѾ˰Сʱˣ
СڱԺúôţСһҶϽŽõķ񱼶ȥ
֮Уҩش꼸ӵ⣬ѾڽҪˡ
Ҷߵ⣬֮ҩ渴ͷϿγٵѧһΡ
룬ӲͷƤ˽ȥһڼӵĺ档
ҩ𿴵Ҷĵ˽ûͣ٣٩٩̸Ҫ죬˻ϵĲٿء
ӻͷƳҶ¶ЩŪЦ⣬Ҷһͳٵ˽Сʱ϶ҩ˲õӡ
ҩ˵ϵٿطһЩĵãҶҲЩӵı飬һûϵٿػ棬ԴƵҩģϵһΣԻĲٿؿԴﵽĲΣͨĻϵΪ
Ҫﵽ߼ҩʦ磬ҪûϵΪﵽŽϣҪﵽҩ𼶱𣬻ϵΪҪϡ
ҶɨһҩҩΪ֮ǰڵص¥ڵϻҪǿϺܶ࣬ĿǰӦѾǵ𶥷壬𼶱һ֮
棬ҩޱԨ֪ʶҩ𽲿ΣҶҲĴ澴⣬ҩ𽲵Ķǳ׶ɬǳҶǴʵеõľ顣
һΣҩĿɨҶҶʱüʱչΪҶٵĲ죬Ҳʧ΢΢ͷӲǲɽ̣
Ҷٿػ淽棬кβ⣬˵ҩҶ΢Цŵ
һڼҩҶش𣬷ϸЦҶŸѧϰΪٸߣûϵٿػһҲһϲͨǶſҶЦ
ͷһҶмЦ֮ǰҲڼģܵ˵Ĵѹ֮Ͷ㣬Ҷ뵽Լ֮ǰ񶾵ţҶһ˳أҪһͶ㣿ƽһʱ䣬Ҷܵġ


159 һ
ҶԼ㵽վ
һڼӺôЦ
Ҷ⣬ЩЦЩʲô
ҩ˰֣Цŵؾн˵Ϳˡ
Ҷ׹ҩȽ⣬ڻشʱ򲻱ԻϵѹƲٿػ棬ȴǲףΪѹƣҪ²衣ѹƻȻϵΪҪΪһ壬ﵽľ硣
ҶĻһڼסˣЩ֮ǰȫû־Ŀǰܹġ
ҩͷһҶĻļƽ΢Цܽúܺã߼ҩʦ֮£ѹƻ棬ҩ𼶱𣬲Ż棬Ҳ˵ĿǰڴĽ׶ΣҪﵽǸ磬ǳ֮ѣ֮һ㣬˵츳ѣǺõ츳Ҫ˷˲УΨи㹻Ŭɾ͡һӣ֮ǧҪϽ֮ģܳɾͷǷΪһʱɡ
ҩ˵֮ǰٵ飬Ҷշ̣ѧġ
ҶһҩĿ࿴ˣһڵ۷׷ףǵΪֹȻûʲôҩȻ˵ҩܴﵽľ磬СӣĪǸز¶ĸֲɣ
ɫ࣬ҩҶµûţмҩʦ֮ڶ֮УܹעģҶĳ֣ĪزһЩΣС
ȻƾҶļ仰ҲжϳҶ츳һڼӶţҶֻǹ˵ѡ
ҩصͷⵤʶؼݡ
һڵҩ𽲽ݣˣҲֻʮ֮һֻʮ֮Ҷһţһϵ̫ϵһϵݣлۿռ˵ıʼǣһʱ
ҩڴ֪ʶʱ򣬺˽֪ݶֻѧ٣ҪԵ츳컯ˡ
Ȼѧܶණ
ȥʵһɹʱ֮ǰߣһЩߵȼĵҩ˵Ҳˡ
ԭ棬ۣ֮Ҷǰֻ֪Ḷ́ȴ֪ÿһϸµı仯ִ֮βȵȵȡ
֪ʶԨҩ𣬸һ˿羴֮ģʱҶؽҩ𵱳ҵʦ
һܿ͹ȥˡ
Ҷ½һһŵŹ棬£ȥɣֻҪҵĵӣ֮ͬڣҪѰǿͬߣʦţ֮ʱҲͬЭ֮ʱǣУ͵ˣĻûʲô̫Ҫˡˣˣ۵ͷϣԿҷ˵ǵĴΪʦԵֻعҩ׻׻̵
ҩ۹λߣ֮ˣǣҲһҶóҩ£ԼǷǳٵģΪҩ˵ԸʮԺơ
ӽǡҶһڼǺȻӦǡ
ȥɣҶ£һһЩ˵ҩڰֵ
һڵͷһԭصҶɫЩҲ߳˽á
ʦ֣֪Ҷʲôһʮļӿʵ
˵ǶֿҶұ֮ˡ
ֿҶұǰôû˵
ЩӺٴ飬Ǵ۹壬ƽʱʲô飬Իᴦᷳŵǡ
λȥʸףСӵʲôͷ
ʦ֣ʦСӺصӡΧԱߣ˸Ǽˣ츳˸ոմﵽмҩʦ΢ѷɫ
ʦ˵ǺúʰһЦŵгԣĸ֮һҲһмҩʦ
ⲻ˶õģŸ츳ٺãûҲܳΪмҩʦǻ㹻ʱʰݵصСӣң˭ҲڼƼء
ӾһżҶΨһЩƵǣҶסڼıԺҲ̫Ŀŵ
֮УҶҩԶ
Ҷղ˵Ƿʱ򣬻ʲôطģҩһڲ裬̧ͷҶ
ǵʱ򡣡Ҷص
ʲôΪˣҩͰЦЦ
ʮס
ʮףҩҲݣҶͱܴﵽʮף˲õĳɾˡԭҶᱻһʦֵ裬ڿȴˣԼǼӵУûһﵽʮףҶһҲûԵ֮ɫͷССԣѵãתϵΪʦϵΣ
ǡҶ˵ͷתϵ棬һڶҶֻͷŻϵѣǼľϵľϵǿ
ܾĻϵĻϵҩƽĺҲǲڻϵΪϣҶ츳һˣҶܿ츳һӡҩ뵽ԼʦţʦȻ˲űҶţҲټ
Ҫȥڤ㣬͹ΪʦһΪʦΡҩһӶҪϰ꣬ŻῪʼʽҲЩͲסҪҶ츳ˡôʽڶ֮У϶һݡ
ڤ㣿
ҶƣΪʲôҩôصһ£Ī㣬ʲôŵɣڤʲôطеŹ֡
룬ҶҲûжʣ֪ˣͿԸҩˣҶ൱˷ܵģ֮ǰһֱϹû¯ûԹͨϾŸţʧˣҩӦҲ˵ʲô
ҶԸϷΪʦΪϷʽӣҩһµ
ǣһûпʼ֪һϣǷнչҶһ£ҪֱӽʽӣȻǳ⡣
޷޷˵ԸⲻԸ⡣ҩЦŰڰֵ
ӵȻǳԸ⡣Ҷҩ¸أһϣŷǷɾͣһλʦһ¡
Ϸô꣬ڵӣ֪޽ϷһˣϷƽ֮£ģΨź£һ޷ػʦţûһڼһ;ϣȻɾͣҲûܳԽϷЩ꣬յôһ츳׿ĵӣҲˣһܽһŷϷ֮ңܣҲϷҩȻһЦ
ҩĻҶһ£ʦ壬ô޽


160 Ⱥ
Ҷ֪Ϸ˶ꣿҩһЦ
Ҷһ٣ҩ棬ȷʵ䡣
ϷѾһʮˣұ֮ˣȻõҩӳΪûдﵽһ磬ҵļޣӲҩЦЦʮ꣬絯ָһӡ
һһʮ߶ԣʮȷʵ̣ܶҶȴǺܳˣƣҩô֪Ԫ
ѵÿ˶û취ٶ𣿡Ҷʵ
Уϵǿߣֱе޼ǿߣ⹦ǳ˼Ʒ鵤ͨǿҪ޼õ꣬Ϸ³ۣϣнԴˣܴ֮꣬ﵽ־硣ҩЦѾüΪƽž޵ţҲ޷ǸޣҪ컯ҵġһϣϷܰﲻ㣬һΪʦţ½һϳΪʦģԲʮԸΪʦΪʦȻڡ
ҩĻҶпҩһΪƽ׷ĳҲһܹҫ鹵ͽܣ֮⣬һЩ޵֮˻Ҫ
ʦϣͽһݡҶϹ
ҩ˫ֽҶԵüΪģһЦϷһ֮УΪ˵飬ĪͽܣһڼڼȻ츳ޣܽһŷ󣬵Ϊ˴ʦصΪʦΪͶԵһˣˣΪʦµʮ꣬ڴ
ҶһЦʦΪˣȷʵˣӣҩ𿴵üΪͨ͸ֻҩӣȻƫڼӣӲƫˡ
Թһڵֻһҩ𽲿Σһʱܿ͹ȥˡ
һڼǲ֪ҶѾҩʽˣֻʱδѡ
ɫڣҶ˳ŵּСڼıԺȥ
һɨһЩۼǰе·ϣˡ
Ҷ΢΢ЦһЩ֪֮Ҫǲʶ࣬Լֽѵѵǡ
ס˿ڣѹǱʦ𿴵˿ڣ϶֪ġ
ף飬ֲһˣЦص˲˺ֻۣˣǵľڼǰܵЩӣִܹ
˳ҶӭҶ˸ҶʦܣҪȥ𣿡
ǡҶ䵭ػӦ
ߣʦǺһȥҶļԱߵߡ
ˡҶװηص
ô⣬ʦֵܣôʦֶءһЦҶųӣǵ⡣
Ҷͷʱһ⣬һԺǱߵİӦʲôವһ³߱˹
ʮˣҶΧģҶֵƫƧ
𡢳ԵһۣٺЦһ
ʮˣкܶΪ߰˽ףԸҶһ򵥣
ҶǽԼΧ֪ҪʲôˣѾվԱһôˣз⡣
Цһ׵һȭҶĸԱߣεؽҶס
Ҷվԭûжصһ죬һȭС
һ𷢳һĲҽС
ôң𣡡к
˭أֵǣʹסҪˣԺٺЦһҶһȭʹùϺףȻ˵Լ˭Ű
ΧšҶһᣬҶˣ˵һߣʼϷ
ˣҶǱأ
һַһĲҽС
Ҷ
ݣҴң
أÿ˶оԼҶҽڶ
ϣҵƨɣ
±һţɲ˵ϡ
ʮŤһţΪ׳ۣҶͰһЦҵģһɡ
һл˼
Ҷɨһ£ֻҩɿس߹߶̫ˣҩˣҶһ۰꣬߰ɣҩˣǺÿˡ
ҶͰرԺȥˣҶʼչעߵ
ɺͳҩ𡢳Ե˴һţúֱŭһװ𡢳Ե˶ը죬˹ҩŵһ飬ʹվ
ʦ𡣡
ʦ𡣡
ע⵽ԵǱҶúܲңΪʲô˵ķǣҶȴˣĪ
һˣȻڴܣȥܴҩǿ֮ͬҪѰû뵽ԼصļӣȻȺŹܲ
ͳԼ˻ظҩĺ棬ﶼҶˣһУҶĹһ£ʦǵӡ϶˼㣬ǻŸôܴɡ
ϣͳԵ˽ˮ߾ٹͷҩס淣һҹÿĶҩý߸ˡҩý߳ʱ˲Կǻۣһ졣
Ҷ˻ţԺǰݡ
Ҫȥ㣬˳ʱûȥˣҶ˻ۻ굤֮󣬱ҵ״̬֮С
峿ҩۡſڣڼ˶ˣ𡢳Ե˵ӣЩ죬֪ʲô顣
𡢳ԵϵףмۿˣǸոմһܣڵϣͷһˮڼɨˣûҶһ
̧ͷڼ㣬һǶ˵Ĺһ޵ݵӡ
ҩӷ
ʦôˣ㡢·桢Ƴӭȥʵ
ҩһŭδЩˣȻڴȺܣʦţ
ȺܣûɫŹ֣룬𡢳ԶĸҲģ˴֮ìܣҲŶԣΪλ
ʦǲЩ᣿Сؿʵ
ᣬΪʦм٣ҩŭ
˿ҩŭӣ˵ˣһͳԡ
ڼһЦЩƽʱǱΪ飬ʦŵģ𱨣Ͷ㣬ʱԼԣڼΪʹ޲Щ˻ԼڼҲţĪ¸Ҷйأ
һᣬҶСͰԺӡ
ʦʦ֡Ҷҩڼ˸кˡ
Ҷţ㡢·ƳɶЩ𡢳ԵȹڵϵڼӣҶ۾Ҫһ㣬ôңҶģɱ˵ĻҶһǧˡ


161 ڤ
ǵĿ⣬Ҷ崺һ㣬ǹ΢Ц
ջȥϰҩϵļȥҶ˵
ţͽعѧᡣҶͷ
ܺáҩ΢Цף߰ɡһ𡢳ԵˣҲˣɡ
ҩڼҶһ𣬳Ժӡ
㿴ҶıӰԸоʦҶ̬Ȳһ㣬ǶԴһͨļӣؿһײײվ𣬳ʵô£
ҶĹɫ԰ףصʦ֣Ҫǡʦǵӡ϶˼㣡ԭŬŬ˵ܱʦΪʽˣڣоԼ룬ңԶˡ
ôʮ߰СӶ㲻Ƿ˵ˣȥڤ˵ص
·ƳһۣһŵСӾȻţҪǲʰҶڣ
ʮ˷Ҵ뿪СϻʳΪ׼ĺڷСʱһֱԶңңɼƬĻɽ
ɳСʱȻûʳǣʳǿ湻ġ
Ҷ磬ҪȥģСƵʵǰǻɽˡ
ʦҪȥ㣬Ҳ֪ҪȥĵҶЦҡҡͷСĺ棬ض
ڼҶŶС
ʦ֣ڤʲôطġҶڼʵ
ڤλã֮ǰһ󣬺׺ɣһƬɽǻɽ֮УγһǺ֮컯Բʮĺˮһּ߸ʴԵҺ壬Ǵ˵Ƥ˲ƤʴãƫƫУȴһЩ㣬Щ㣬֮ƺܶ浤ҩǧǰϻ巢Ͱڼ΢ЦŽ͵
Īʦ֮Կ۹ҲΪڤҶ뵽ʲôʵҩôңȴ۹ԭ
ڼףһˣСǼ飬İɣ
ţҪ֣ҽѵһ¡Ҷڼȴǲ
ûԺҪСһЩӦòưոݵġڼҶ
ףˮڣҲǡ
Ҷڼ΢΢̾ҶʢԺ˵Կ
Ҷȴ֪ƾǼҪԼԿǸܵ顣
˵ţѾ˻ɽ֮УɽСԶԶ㿴һЩֽפ
Щֽ׿ҩ̬ùҩ˷ߡҡ׵
ЩҡýƲ˿ƣڤˮĸʴӰڽ죬ͣǼֵƵıϻѾɵġڼţ˶ҺףȫüΪʵ˺ĵطûһ˿϶
ôӣÿ˶һףҶСҲȥССһСȻܺϻҲСһ㡣
Ҷ㵽һΪʦε㡣ҩͷҶֵ
ǡҶߵҩԱߡ
һ˼ǰʮӣԶһƬĴ˵֮ڣȺɽƣˮȥһƬˮֻҰɫԶʯ̲ûκֲˮһƬףһҲȻ
һڼӷֱλǼʵؿҶǰǸʱ򣬶㡢ڼ˽ε㣬ҶȻõҩڣǼʵüֱҪѪ
ҩҶҵһյľʯ㡢ڼ·桢Ƴ˶ڲԶһڼñȽԶɢںߡ
˾һ˵־˺㡣
㣬ʵǹͨģ㣬֮ľԣǲϹģľĺܹؼܲϢܲĴڣǲŻɾ衣ҩ㹳㹳ͿĨһЩɫҩ࣬ҩ࣬ƣΪһҩܻ࣬ʮöҩˮСʱ֮ͻȫڽˮУ˷ѵˣҩ֮УҪһ˿ЩŻȤ
ҩĽҶ㣬Ҳǲ˼ŨȤһʫ̣ѩһ£֮ڡ
㣬ͨ㣬вͬǵѶȼ
ҩ˵ǽʮˣһҲֻܵʮ㣬С⼸ʮ㣬һ㣬ûȥ֮ʮϧ߰ƷĵҩЩƾƷҩ
治֪ж㣬Ҷ곯˹ȥոտ棬оһǿҵʹ֮У￴ȥˮ粻壬档
Ҳ޷ˮУ
Ҷͷ΢ˮ˵ã
Ͻ˻ҶһҩҩһȫעӣԸоóҩעѾȫͶע˸Ưϡ
ҩһ״̬Ҷһԣ˼֮ľף˵ڵ㣬˵һЩչҶĸϲ
ʱһι˶ʮӣƯһ£ҩüëһ͵һͣһĺɫС㱻ˮ棬ҩǰһץСץһ֪ʲôķպͰ֮С
ô͵һ
ϲʦһ㡣ڲԶڼ˷׷׵ء
ҩǺһЦʮӡ
ҶԺðһЩϣ㣬Կɣȥ֮ͨ٣֮ҲܴԪƳɵҩЧǿԼΪҩһָһС㣬һС㣬۹һЩǧÿ꣬;ͻһ֣ǵָ֮䱦һ⣬Ҳֵǡ
뵽ҶĲö
һԵİҲ˵㣬۾СҰһͣˮˣЩ֪óԲóԡ
һڵӵ㣬УҩߣҲõֵĵҩ
Ȼȥﻹвġ
ΪβأҶʵ
ҩЦЦƲ˿ȻܷʴǱˮһҧͶϣģֻ·⼸ϵߣõڤ߽ǳϧ۶ȫ֮Ҳֻռʮ֯Ҳǲ󡣡
ԭˣˮ㣬ץ


162 
˵֮ʱ鼤͵һͣҲһ
Ǻ㣡ץŶСĺɫС㣬˺ͰСֻаָ
Ҳҩ΢΢һЦ
ȻûôϧҲǺöԲϡ
е⣬ȴֵΪǺ㣬ֻаָʦȲˡ
ǿŴ󼪣͵ܣԶһڼŸƯȴһûֹ˰Сʱûһ㶯ҩҲûٵ
ҶеͣʦǲҲԡ
Ҳȥɡҩ𵭵һЦкܶţ㻹ûᣬӼʧܼΣ֪Ҫжôףʱ֪ѧϰҪˡ
ҶԴһ̵ܽӣԾԾԡ
ȥȥɡҩڰ֣ǺЦʱ򲻹˵ʲôҶȥġ
ǡҶϲߵһԣ濴һۣʯͷˮһ׶࣬һˮˮףڼȽϽֻ׵ӡ
һƽ̹ĵطȻʼ㹳ͿĨʳʳʮݣҩģһ£ʮʳһˡ
ವһ£ڵҶߣСҲǰ˿ʯͷҶ¡
Ҷ磬ЩóԲóԣСһ£ʵ
СĻԱߵڼЩʧЦЩ㲻󣬻Ǽ峴֮ԣʵ̫˷ˣľգҪɵҩŸмֵ
ҩһ㶼óԣóԡС
ҶһȥҶСĻһЦŪãȻҩ˵ģһ˦˳ȥĬţϹɡ
ڼҡҡͷЦЦҶǸ֣ôҶϾͻСЩҲ⡣
ԶؿһۣŪЦЦˡ
ڼĿͻȻͣΪǿҶĸƯһ£̽㹳㼫Ϊҧһ̽㹳ʶס˺
ڼҲŽסһҪס
Ҷ͵һ͡
У̫ˣڼЩʧôˣûҧأ̧ͷһȴҶ㹳ϻģһɫĺ㣬һָңڼɴ۾ⶼУ
ҶһץץסɴطŽ˺Ͱ
ʦҶһһָĺ㡣ڼеŵسôôҧⲻϳ
ҩعͷЦһҶհȥ͵һ
СδҲ̫˰ɣЩƵ룬Լ˽һСʱˣŵһָĺ㣬СӲŸȥ͵һһָģ
ҶˡС˷ܵص
ڼȻһһָĺ㣬ͱˣҲ湻ģ
ҶҲܾȣԼҲ̫ˣһȥ͵һҪ֪ҩΪֹŵһѣ
ʱҩҲ͵һˣץס㹳ϻĺɫС㣬ҲǺ㣬ҶҪСһЩҩļȷʵ˵Ҫߺܶࡣ
ʦֵһڼסҲʼ㣬ڿɻûջأ
Ҷ㹳ϵŪã͵˦˳ȥŸƯչƬ̣ƯֶˣҲݣҲ̫˰ɣҶ͵һֻͣ㹳һС㣬֮ǰҪһЩԼһָ볤ӣ沼ɫƬ
ҶְɫСץ
ڼ۾ҶСҲ̫˰ɣհȥֵһ
ԶҲɵˣһôרҧĹ
ʦ֣ʲô㣿Ҷڼʵץɫ㣬㳤úֻƬǻɫġ
㣬ƷҪһЩô󣬹Ѿ˰ɡڼˣ˿ԼĸƯˮһҶ㣬ʲôɿԣڵһϣʦ̫ˣǿļɣҲȲ
Ҷ˺ͰͷŪ
ҩ𿴵Ҷֵһһָ볤Ļ㣬ҲеͣҶ治һĺãҲֻܽһУᵽ棬ãҶ׾ӵĵ㼼ô
ҶһΰŪã׼㹳˦ȥȴڼԶضԼҶͷһԼ̧ͷڼɻʵʦ֣ʲô𣿡
ûûСڼڰֵ㡣۾ȴǶҶ֪Ҷôģ
Ҷ㹳˦ȥ㹳ͨˮУڼضŸƯ
Ưûڼ룬Ҷ֮ǰȻֻѣ
΢ƲĿҪ뿪ƯȴƯֶˡ
ҲݣϹˣ
Ҷ͵һͣһĺɫС㣬ԼĪһָ볤ӣ˷ܵص㣡
Ҷץס㣬˺ͰҩҪ
ڼĿͣҪ°ĭˣ񺰣ƾʲôƾʲôֻҧĹĵô£
ҩҲסˣͷҶʵҶôģ²ζô㣬ɲһܸģĪҶʲôļɲɣҲʡ
Ҷ㣬ֵǮĺöǸˣҩôʣ˷ܵصʦҷֵʵ򵥵ģŪãһӣȸƯˣһһϹˡ
ҩɫŹ֣ڼӿЦǵô򵥣Ƕ֪ˣһһһ㣬ĻôϹ
Ҷ磬ܺӣҲҪС˷ܵص
Сֻһߡ㶼̫СˣҶһЩϸݵҶҡͷССɲһԼô߳ĵ㼼
СЩʧӣдȣǺܸ˵ġ
ڼվһԵһֽףȥһ߹
ǣʦǸֽ׺ܿȥˡ
ҲԵˣллʦСȸԾص
Ҷ㣬ѹ˦ȥƬ̣Ưֶˣ͵һһϹһɫ㣬żݣʮ׺ӣԼָ
ʲô㣿Ҷץס㣬ʦѯʵ
ʦɵɵؿҶ죬㣬㻹Ҫ㳤ñȽϿ죬ָƳһꡣ
۷ڣʲô˱ˣԼ죬һߵĺͰһһСȥҶȥ͵


163 
ųһ갡ҶЩʧһֻҪʦ˵Ҷ֪ǸʲôõģֵΣʲô
ڼҶĻֱҪѪǺ㣡ֻһ꣬Ҳֵǧòãһ¯Ҫü죡ļֵȫڸֶԣ߼ҩһǲģ
ҶѾˣһǸΪϡĺ㣬ҩҲЩҶڵ㷽棬츳Ҷõ˾춯صĳ̶ȣ
Сõ֮ǰҶֵǺ㡢㣬һָҡ
Ҷͱ濴һۣЩȥѾЩӵˣҪúͰ쾻֮ˮϾиʴԵĺˮϴܷǬǻΰСʱ
ٺ٣ջ񲻴
ʱСҲ˶ңںģѧҶ㣬㹳˦ȥ֮󣬸Ư춼ûж
ҶһһСЩۺ죬ƵؿҶҶ
ҪģҪסҶСԴ׻׻̵
ҶĻڼһԽȥҶ㣬õʲôģһһһ
˵֮ʣСͻȻصҶ磬ҵĸƯˣ
СȥͣڼֹССһȣСѾʼˣ￴ȥ㹳ںˮ棬ֻӰڽƵͣѾһΡ
ССģҶסСڼɫ䣬ܽӰڽƵĻȣֻ̺ҪСô͵СޣҪˮȥˮԽ󲿷︯ʴһɶ
ڼ͵һͷʱҲ˵Ŀٴ˴״ֻ̬Сһ˫Сʯ˿ӣ˷ܵ㵸Ҷ磬㣡ûҶȥشһ
һˮ죬һɫĴ㱻С͵ˮ棬мʮֳСʯͷϣͣػҪˮȥ
סҶæȥôһ㣬أҲ֪ʲôƷ֣ͨƣͷȻһĿһĶ
Сôһ㣬ҩҲסˣæվȴһӰҶҩ죬㡣
ҹԹԵģȻ㣡Сذסɫ㣬ɫһ㶼СȻڲͣССȭصһͷϣ֮ǰôˣβض˼£СߺߵصڲҶ˰ɣҪǻҶٴ㣡
Աߵҩڼؿ㣬Զ㡢·滹ƳɿС¶һ˿־֮ɫղĳ̶ȣǿǿһʮ׸֣ܹ˾ؽҲͰˣƫƫǰģֻһСѣ
Ҷȥ˷ܵһСԴЦСһͱҶļʮҪأ
һص㣬ͨƣһ𣬲ֵǣͷ϶һĿһĶѾˣͷϵĿױСһȭ飬ֻβͻ˦ô¡
ʦ֡ʦʲô㣿ҶЦǺǵؿڼҩʵô㣬᲻Ѿ˼ˣ
ǽ㣬Ҳд㣬ͷ˼ʮɡڼеػش㶵ؿŽͷͷ¶濴׵һ㶫ͷǣͷǣʮǿҲ˵һȭ飬ҪϲУͷǣȷȷʵʵˣǱһСһȭģ
ڼһһԵҩҩУҲ¶𺳡
ų˼ʮ갡ҶЩʧôĸͷΪѾ˼أȵȣ㣿㣿ҶȻ㵽ʲô㣬Ǵ֮ȥܶ꣬棬ֻ꣬ЧҲǧ̥ΣôһƳﰡˮＫΪͣζٶȼ죬һ洬סǣҲᱻѣ˵ᱻƷ㼫ϡУ˵ֻԶд̥֮໹Ҫϧö࣬û뵽ȻҲУǰһƬ
㳤˼ʮѾǳ˵ˣǳ꣬ôˣڼҶֱ̰Ĳ㡣
ٺ١ҶεЦЦ˷ܲѣ׬ˣû뵽СȻô
֨֨˵ЩʲôС棬ǿĵӣǰ佱ˡ
Ҷ㣬쾻ˮϴһϴȻպãǱ֪ܻᱻ졣ҩҶȱܱľƽͣ˾Ͳһˡ
ǣʦ𡣡ҶСһ𣬽쾻ˮúõһȻҶƽ˻ۿռ䣬ĺòϣºͣʲôҩֻҪһ⣬ܱɰ˾Ʒĳҩ
㡢·桢Ƴɵ˿Ҷʧ¶ļ֮ɫǿ֪㵽ʲôıһ㣬ôõʣʮڽ׵ǿ߾ûʲô⣬ȻҶرղСչֳʵȴǽ̰ͷǿѹȥСһȭͷ飬ʵδҲ̫ˣܹԸ˵ģοҶҩάţǸ޴֡
ʰãǼ㡣
ҩڼ˿ԼһĸƯֿ˿ҶСЦѣǵһҲǲ磬ǲ
Ҷ˿ԼĺͰֻһЩС㣬СĽ㻹ǲ̫ˣУԼҲˡ
ͷ˼õһģΪʲôԼСôãܵȴôأˣ֮⣬ϸһ˿ӦǷǳؼģԼڵͨ˵вͬԺʹ׷ϹСϹ֣Ȼû϶ҲһЩصķע⣬Żһ͵Ľ
ҶСǵǿߣΪҸܲСϵһԵڼվǰͲסʵ
Сǵǿߣ츳ԲһȭͷǡҶҡҡͷСϹ£ǲܸκ˵ġ
ԭˡڼ˵ͷδҲ̫ǿˣС飬ûǲҪ߱ˡ
šҶͷóҩڼˣҲΪ룬ֵεġ
һڼñȽԶûע⵽ߡ


164 Ϲ
ֿʼˣڼҲն񣬵һһָĺڼҶʮǼС㣬ûдϹСҲûٵϽڼҩ˵㼫ǻۣȺ㡢֮ҪϻһЩһϹ֮㶼֪ΣգϹˡ
ĸСʱһЩС㣬һֱûдջҩ׼붼ҶõˣҶ룬ԼϢ޷ıģȴǿԱһ䣬һҪͬһ֣ҩҩ಻֪ɲԡ
һ£ҶĵŪһžۻ굤ۻ굤飬ֳݣŪһ㹳ϣȻһ˿͵س˦˳ȥ
ۻ굤굤ϹԼܣʱǲκ˵ģ֪ۻ굤ҩ࣬ܲϹ
ھۻ굤ܷҶҲ޷ȷƾۻ굤ĳɹʻԣҲ˷ѡ
㹳˦ȥ֮оƯһ¡
Ҷ͵ȴ㹳ϵʳڣûϹô£ղŸƯȷʵһ£˵ӦϹ˲Ŷԡ
㹳ӻˮƯ춼û
ˮʮƽɢȥˡ
ۻ굤ҩ࣬㶼ˣҶЩʧ
Ҷ׼㹳ջͨʱͻȻЩӦˮʲô˹ٶʮ֮졣
ҶЩľ֪ʲô飬ͻȻ֮䣬Ư͵سˮҶоһɴϴӰڽ˲ʱ˹Ρ
ϹˣҶͷϲʹץסͣʮͣ;Ҫֶȥ
Ҷļϴʮּӣﲻʲôæ
СңҶ
ˡСͣ˹ҲץסǸ͡
ӰڽŤòˣСղŵʱøΪӰڽ㹻ֻͣѾˡ
Сץס֮ҶоԼѹʱ˺ܶࡣ
ҪˣС˷ܵغš
ҩڼҲ˶˵ĺ棬ҶСץסͣǸﲻֻ֣վŸżֱ֣ղ㣬𺳲ˣ֪ҶֵʲôͶ
㡢·桢ƳҲû취ﰲصˣվһʵسӣǵصؿš
Ҫ㣬ҧԼĹжãȫˣҧǵĹǰֱӰˮˣ
ҶСµʯͷһЩҪļɶ˼֡
ʯͷҪˣСһ㣡Ҷȵ͵
һԵСҲó˳̵͵һһϺɫĴ˦ˮ棬Լһףҫ£ϺɫƬâˣβͲͣڿ˦ĺ룬ڿ趯СڵͣҪϼ֡
Ϻɫ㣬ҶʧҵѽüʮɣȽ㻹Ҫ˺üأ
ˣС˷ܵԽϺɫ˦˺ӰϣһֻСϻһȥ
ڼҩؿϺɫڿлĿͣɫ죬룬ʮĴ㣬ҵţûпɣһľĶǵ飬Ҳûнһö࣡
ˣһƬհףվɵˣ㶵ؿ㡣
Сס㣬βͲͣؿ˦ζҪѳȥСҲҪ˦ɳȥ
ڼҩŷӦæԾ࣬Ҫ֣СŤһţֻż֡
أ
Сȭͷҩϣ͸ڸһһ㶯ûУ㲻ͣؿ˦βͣԽԽһ̾Ҫصȥˡ
Ҳ齹غû£ҪǰСҲˮǾ鷳ˡ
Ҷ͵شӻۿռһȥ۵һ̴ͷ˵ϡ
Ȼͣ˦βͣأԽԽͣ
СŴӵǱѣѾˣ㣡
㣬վţڼôͰ쾻ˮСһ̧Сһ㣡ҩСһ𣬽̧һ̲Ѫ̲Ѫڤĺˮ϶ǲˣҩ۲ѡ
ܿأڼ˴쾻ˮҩָţĸһϴ
㡢·ƳɣһڼӣΧ˹ԶԶؿţȻѾˣȻϹĺ룬׶೤
ʦ֣⵽ʲô㣿Сʵɫ㣬ҶģҶʮ߰꣬δҲ̫˵ɣ
Ͻ𡭡Ҳ̫϶ҡҡͷҶļɵУҶҩ츳ΣһֵĹҩҲҪҶ࿴
ķСʱŽɫϴɾû̫Ѫҩڼһ
һ£㣬ʮӡ
ѪҲ˷ˣҩЦЦСʱȥˣѪӦѾˡպðɣǱȽ㻹Ҫı㵽ҩ֮Ϳ԰Ƴɵҩˡ
Ҷ㱻նĽء
ҶնϸʲôŸñ档ҩЩʹĵص
ʦ⣬͸ʦְɡҶݸҩڼ
ҩڼ˵
ҶȷҪǣ֪ʲô㣬ж𣿡ҩҲƽ⣬ıǳԻܴΪͷ˿ôϸһ⣬ͼֵǧοôһ飡
ôʦֺʦҲû취㣬ӦõġҶ΢΢һЦγ֪󣬵ǺˮھˣԼ⣬ѾǴ׬ˣ
ҩ룬һЦɣһ⣬Ƴ鵤һɣѡΪҩȻԸЩռҶıˣЩ⣬Ƴɵҩֵ뷭
Ҷ⣬һʦһؾûȥɣһҩҲ޷Ƶҩڼ䱦ǰҪ˵Ǽٵģ޹»侲
Ҷô˵ڼϽܣһԵ˿ۺ첻ѣﰵҶôĶڼȻգֱɵӣ¸һͷ˿ôС⣬ǹҲ˷ܵһ˯žһΣ߰˽ɣ
߰˽ﰡҪץˣĵ̰һһҧģжôҪЩΪа
Ҷһµɣ⣬ʦ˼Ƶҩʦһ԰æɣе߳ɣʣµɸʦһɸʦ֡


165 Ͻ
˼Ҷ˼֣ڼͷǺðɣҾռ˰ɡһɵҩҲǼֵˡ
Ҷⶼһһʵʦʦ֣⵽ʲô㰡
Ͻ㣬һֻ֮Уû뵽Ͻ׵ʱͨѪ죬֮꣬ƬϣҲԽԽֱϣŻ᳤Ͻɫ˵Ͻɫ֮֮һھһ̥ǣֵһʮΪΪӵͽֱͻҲпܵģ㲻ߣһҲ٣ưٲҩ
Ͻ㳤˶ꣿҶʵŻϣϽӦóˡ
Ͻÿ꣬ܳףϽ㣬ѾǧˡһһƬˮֻһϽ㣬Ͻδʱԣȵ֮󣬱ɴԣȻѣһƬˮ֮гֶϽ㣬ʳﲻ㣬ǱụɱҩȻô㣬ϽӰӶûû뵽ҶһͰϽˡ
ô˵ӦֻһϽˣҶԴΨһһϽ㣬ȻҲԼˣۻ굤ϽϲõʳɣϽ˵ǿµʳߣֲЩС㶼ˡ
ô˵ɣҲȷ⣬õ۹УһһƷ鱦Ҳʮѡҩпʮﰡôһ㣬Ҷɵйˣ۹ıȫˣҲδֵǮҶвٱӣղǰѽӦҲƷϵ鱦Ȼû취һ̴Ͻͷ­ϽĶһֻҪǷǳȱǮġ
һ⣬ɻ֣˶Щѣ
֪۹ʲôطȻƷϵ鱦ʲôʱԹȥһ˵۹ҶˋY֪Y۹ôYĸǱߣ˵ǴŵYӦò̫֪ѾͷΪﵽʲôˣʣټϴŵĵ̣Ӧͻͽ˰ɣԼҲˡ
㡢·桢ƳɻһڼǿҶﲻ֪ʲôζҶڣһëǴ֣
ҶϽ飬κ˵ʦţҩ󷽵һڵӣص
ʦ𣬸ղмֽ׿ˣӦûۡһԵһϸɲչâϽȻҶģҶܱܲסһ⣬ǿ߾֮
Ҷ꣬˵ķӦԶһƾʵҪϽ㣬ܣۡŵ𼶵ǿˣǾ鷳ˡ
ҶڣһҪʵĳ嶯Ȼ𼶵ǿߣ޷֮Կ
ˣԻ˵֮ǰȣ۹֮һҺµ㣬УϽҲһҩĿɨһڵӣפֽףĸ飬ֻһˣ
˻һڼӣܵҩĿ⣬ͷ֮ӣҩڸǲҪˣСô飬˵ȥҪеӦĺУ
ҩ̧ͷһգɫ˵ҲԵ㣬ǼȻϽ㣬ǻȥϽ˵ҹζࡣ
ҶˣȻɣҩҶ
ǣʦ𡣡Ҷͷҩĵġ
˰Сһ£Ѿϵˣʵ̫Ȥˡ
ˣСȥҶȣҶʲôϽ㣬ȳ¶˵С̨һӣڵ˻ڿڣʵ֮۷ڲ˲֪٣ҪҩСʵָ۷״̬൱Ĵڣʲô𣬹𶼲¡
̨籵һӣʵ̫ˣҶڷɵϵСסƣСһغˣҶҲֻܰСػָҪһκСڵˣȴǲܡ
ȥϽСȣЧô
һʰһ£֮ĶЩֽף̤˹;
ҩҶڼСǰ棬㡢·桢ƳɻһڼӸں档
ҶıӰ˵
ʦ֣Ͻ㣬ҶСӸˣ·濴ҶĿı󣬿۹һңֿҶʲôԹԵذϽϣҶңϽǸԼ壬Դǿ߳·ͷȡ
󣬻ʦ˼˵㣬ֻҪҶǸû֣ƳһԵ
λʦֺβϢ͸¶Ǽ壿·ʲôƳɱļ֣ĺôֲϣǺϷһӦûǿԵġ
Ƴ۹ҲŸԵļ壬ǵļ۹㲻ʲôȻҲøҩѧˣǵļ壬ŵ۹СȴȻĴڡ
һۺ·棬ﵽ۹ӱҲҪһϲһأʱҶϽҪôѾתˣҪôԵˣĪ⣬ǳͷ
׼û۹𣿡·Сĵʵ
УһЩʮǿ߶ѣʦڣô֣ص
ʦָ̫ҽòһЩɣҪ̫ҽڵƳһµ
ϺҶϽ㣬Ҳֻкķݣȭͷÿֱ졣
ܱûúȺãɴˮ룬ˮ㣡Ƴ΢΢һƲ
ȿô˵ɡҡҡͷЩǿˣҩ϶֪ǵĹʱֻʦͽҲˡ
ʦƫģһֱƫ̻ڼƫ̻ҶСӣҲͽܣƾʲôϽڼֵܷһɣһ㶼ֲ·һߥ޵һ£Ҷģ
ÿ˶ֻվԼ˵ʲôǰǹƨ
ƳɫÿǾ϶ˣôϽһҪһݣ
ҩعͷҶҶȥ֮ʣ⣬׼ô
ҶعﰵţƳɱ󣬾ȻҲŲС飬ˣҶʲôˣϻŶûУ
ʦ׼ϻȥСڻСڳ壬ҪӪʱʦʦһԡҶ˵ôˡ


166 䵽
̫˷ˣȷʵһİ취Ͻţվ鷳ҩҲע⵽˵ķӦȻһ̾˵Ʒϣ˸ڼȴǲ̫ˡҩţȵҩ֮󣬴Լ棬ȳһЩָأ룬֪ԼǶǴһʱзңҩûȢޣЩӾͬĺһ㡣
ھ޴ǰһЩ̰ıԶᱩ¶š
Ҷ֪ԼҪδˣƲ¶ףԼеϽ㣬˷籩ģԶҩĺ棡
ҩڣһǲԼֵģҲ˵㡢Ƴɵı򵥣ں·棬ʲô۹һңҶ
ɫһص
˵ȶɢ˰ɣҶڼСҲɣҩ
㡢Ƴɵ˿˵ıӰʧϣɫ
ҶСҩĺ棬ո߽һͯӼҴҵسҩ
ʦѾڿȺʱˡǸͯҩһ
䣿ҩɫһ
Ҷһͻۿ죡УϽøϽУȻⶫϣǲȫ
ҶСȥڼѶú㡢ס׷߸Ҫ¯ǻҩص
ǣʦ𡣡ڼͷҲһʦȻҪ߸һ
ûκһ˸Сһҩʵҩǵ𼶶ʵ¸߸ǿߣЩǿԸңҩʮֻ꣬ҩһˣҩĹǰҩ¯ʱֻҪһ˹ͿˣڣȻҪ߸һɼʦء
ҩ̤ȥˡ
һᣬѶط
ҶҩıӰһۣСһԵʮһڷ޴¯ϣ¯֮ϵ̸ޣԵׯ¡
Ҷ磬ʲôҪϽ㣬һСӻȭ޷޵صʴϻۣҲ˳˭ǵϽ㡣
Ҷ΢΢һЦСԴС۷ڵʵǾʲôˣСڣϵ˻ûãҲǵ𼶣𼶶嶼û䣬ȴ𼶵ǿߣ
곯ȥҶҪۻҩ˵Щʲô
ϺȲĻˣӦþˣĸߴӢˣȻֻеĽۣȻԸо̺ıͶ֮䣬һλơƣְֿȻͬһ˵ѹ֮С
ҩ𡣡ۿҩһЦ΢΢⡣
ҩԵͷ۹Ѿʮ֮ãˣ۹ʵ۵ݣãϾҪ¯Ҫչ£ÿɲʱ򡣡
ҩɫѿ֪ΪϽ̫ҩ϶ˡ
չ£һڲ裬Ц˵ҩոڤһϽ㣿
һӵģ֮ǰȣҴ侳ڣµڤ㣬㶼ʡҩʧ͸۸һһϽ㣬Щ¶˱ԣϽǸӵģݶȻΪУǱǿµӵĶҲǿ۵ģ
ҩ𻤶ǳģҩˣֻҪ£һҩ𶼻һسӣԵ۶һЩ壬ҩĵӣǼӣҲܶͶ㡣
ҩˣһԾŶϽ㣬ȻǹҩСۺǺһЦҩʣֱ̫ˣҩദô꣬͸ҩƢԣҲ
۵ĻҩɫһЩʵʲô
ҹҪʣҩҪҪæҩµڶ࣬©ϢϢ䵽ֻ»ҩѣϾϽջ󣬲˭ֵܵ˵ģϼһǽƻթ֮ͽ۴ݲȵص
ҩͷ΢ȷʵŵţҩߵʵȷʵֵסֻһһ裬ȻԼҩıϵǿˣҲô
˭Ҳ޷ԤϵҶȻһϽ㣡
ҩ۹ô꣬ҩ縸ֳŵ˹䶨Ȼ֮ȷҩɹ۳Ͽҵصҩ
ҩƳһ䣬ЩıϽ㣬䣬ıٲҩеУҩĬƬ̵ϽһӵģҲҸԷֵɣԻһɸ㣬ŵˣǱҪ棡
ҩģڣŷ졣ЦصҩãԶҪö࣬һɵĵҩЧۣڰϽˣֲҩĺøУºֶΪʶҩƢԣȻģǿϽ㣬ҩ϶ᲪȻŭϧƴһҩ£ŲǿߣôһЩҩȻԿġ
ȥҩˣڣϢԱɡҩվ
õġۿҩ뿪΢΢һЦҲվ
ҩ뿪֮ͻȻоһ˿һֱ͵ĸооһܣȴûκη֣ĪֻǴüͷ΢壬վ˻
Ҷ˻΢΢£һ˹Ȼ̫һΪ֮ǰ˵һЩûϽһҶ۵Ĺ۸в̫ԸǵŵˣһɵĵҩҲֵõġ
۱֮ǰڵص¥ǿʵҪǿϺܶ࣬ܿѾ𼶶ʵԳҩԸǵˡ
ʵҪβѸǿʵ
Ҫ𼶣ټСԱ֮
Լôʱ䣬Ӿϵķˣһ·ѸͻƣֱʮڣѾǺܶʮ궼޷ɵˣʮ֮ϣΪѣҪٳ߸ͷһѣҪŸҩ£ΪУϽƳ˵ҩǳԵˣԺҲ鷳ϣ
ţҩ߽
ڼµӣκ˲ÿ⴦׼ЩԭϺͱ֮Ҫչ£¼䣬ÿԽһҶ֮ҩҶһδһ;档


167 ȫ
ǣڼ׼ȥˡ
ҶҲ׼һЩư֮Ķ׼ȣȻϽЩ˷ˣ˷ҲûʲôϽԼʵǹؼʵԺ϶ŪϽ㻹Ҫõ鱦
һᣬɨҶоߵϢ棬߸ǿߣǲѷɫҩĵ𶥷ǿߣ
𶥷壬ǿߣҲһ֮ˣ
ҩڼæѰиϽйصϣһҪЩо͸еҩݣǲܿʼ
ҩڼæҶԼҲæµһЩСƤ֮Ķ㣬Ūȫˡư֮Ķ뱸ˣĲ˵ġ
ҶŪһѳߣ׼ӣҩ̲סʵҶ׼Ͻʣⶼ˳𣿡
Ȼ׼ˣ⿴ζͦģһʦʦһԡҶﻹһӣЦŵ
Ͻ㣬̫֮Ч÷Ǻģҩҡͷ̾Ϣ
ʦǲǾÿϧҶǺһЦ
ȷʵ⣬ϧϣһεԿһҩʦڵһ;һ¥ҩԲƻʮ⣬ǶȴǼΪԡ
ʦԲӣϲҲʳ˵Ŀ֮͸ˣҲǼѣ޵ʧ֮ģȻͲںϣˡҶЦЦڵľϣĶ
ҩȻؿҶΣͷܽˡҶᣬȻûҪ͸
ҶӹæµȥˣСһ۰Ͱ͵ؿţſˮ
ҶıӰҩջĿ⣬һԵڼһЦȴԼִ̫ˣԾˣѣδһ;ϣŹʣҪ䡣
ҩ㣬ʮʹﵽ𶥷ģ½Ҳ츳ˡҶὫ۵ԼĿꡣĿ꣬ǳΪ̨ĳǿߣ
ڼգҲһЦҶԵʱͼˡ
Сʳ̫ˣƻһ˳ԣȻҪŵӣҲҪԵġҶԱԻЩ
ţСסСͷʵͽӡ
ȶԵȣѶ˵ҶԻȻղסҲףСĶӱˣҲʮ
С˵ͷصһԿȥˣŹƬ̣мʮ¶ˡ
СʳһԵҩڼĿ࣬ţѹСԭôܳԡ
ҩڼЩϷŸҩģѰ˼ʮ
ڼЩʲôҩĿ˻ڼʵ
ʦ𣬻ٺܶ࣬㼸ʮײݡݵȵȣмҩݼΪҪѰǣҪЩʱաڼյص
ҩ΢΢üУʱ䲻࣬ûпҩݡ
ҩڼ˵֮ʣҶִ˹ﻹһѲ˵ʵʦʦ֣ôˣʲô鷳𣿡
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ӷǳ֮һԵҩпһ뵱һֻʮӣʧˣʧٴΣ΢š
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ͨҩ־ƷƷ֮ϣ鵤ȣƷƷƷÿһ鵤ͼƷҲ


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170 ҩĵȼ
мҩʦ֮ˣҶԶԶûие㣬Ϊûдﵽ𼶣ûҩ𣬵һҪȳΪһ߼ҩʦ˵
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ڶ죬ˣһŵͼһŵ۶ȫͼ֪ǴģǰӤۡ·Լȷλö˳
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һ۰꣬ڴɱ棬ܷӳ벻Ч
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ҶԼıԺȥ
ҹĻڣ˱ԺҶһɫ·ҹǰӵ۶һҳ͵ģҶεī֭ԼȾˣɫƤëںҹ֮ʵ̫ˡ
ӥط䵽˱Ժ֣ҶץסӥצӣӥҶͰܿʧ˺ڰҹɫ֮С
߷Хӥʮޣٶȼ죬һˣҲǺ۵糸һ㡣
ӥǧ׵ĸ߿գ˸ҶͰ꣡
ԶȥҵƻȺһɢںڰĴϣҹп۶Ǻεȷ
ܿȷ˷򣬺ӥҶͰ¸壬һ˵λҶͰವһºӥʧ˺ڰ֮С
ʮӣҶһʱ䣬ӥӺĵִֻ˶ʮʱ䣬ĺڷҲҪСʱϣ
ӤۡǽӤ֪ѾΪҶĿ꣬鷿Ȼŵƻ鷿һϣУ鷿֮ɭϣк߽ܶװ˽׵ĺڼ׻
ϵĻԶһʮ׳ڡŸŽ׶ĸںڰ֮С
֪Ҷ˵۶֮Ӥʱ޿̲ųҶҶѾҩĵӣûжֵĻᣬÿն尾ںҶѰ
ÿնڹעǱߵ״һҶ߳Ӥ᲻ϧһд۽ɱ̫Щ飬Ѿؽ̫ҽڵϣ𼶳ϳ֣϶һʧ
ҶٳٲӤǷƣҲֻ޿κεصȴ
ҹ˾԰ݴвʱ
ӤѾ붨֮С
Ҷ˻԰֮УһɨӤλãӤҶһˣλöҶһЩصĻ䣬鷿ȥ
֮УصĹâѾʼʩչˡ
ҶЩڼ׻ǰӹЩڼ׻ȻһǰǵǿȻֻǾ׵СԺҶȫһ͸ˣһ΢ˡ
ˡһŭģСôûӰࡣ
СӲỹĸǵıɣԱ߼͵͵Ц
˵ŻȫߵҶ
Ҷ鷿棬ڰ֮Ǹʮ׳ڸֻоŸŽ׶ֵλãҶವһ˳ȥ
Ƭ̣Ǹʮ׳ڸֺ;ŸŽ׶ֶ˰Ļ
Ŀǰʮ׶壬ʮ׶µˣ԰Ļ޿ԣ
Ӥֻʮ֮ңˣҶȡ͵һ߿鷿Ĵţһ羪һ㣬Ӥ
ӤͻȻ۾ҹ֮ҶǳĿ⣬ͷһʧ㣬Ҷ
һߵİ꣬ͻȻš
ӤҶ˵һ룬ûͻȻЩ㱡
ôһ˲䣬ڸ֮䣬һ˲䣬ܾ
ͬʯ
ޱȵһ۾׽ĲӰ
ۣ
һ졣
ҶһӤüģӤ˲ϣüһѪ£۾תΪ
Ӥݺʮ꣬Ϊʮ׶ǿߣսǧ۹λȨأةλãôҲû뵽ԼһȻ鷿һʮδɵС
Ҷһüĵ˲䣬Ѿɥʧ˼¶һ˿ʵ飡
Ҷһ̫ˣϰĻӤûκηĻᡣ
ವһҶԾ鷿Ĵӣʧããҹɫ֮С
ӤȻϣ붨һ㣬ΣҶʧ֮ͷ͵شȥ
Ҷ뿪ӤĸۡԼĪӣವһ£ҶļϣҶץסӥצӣӥڷɶ
˴ʮӣи鷿˽Ƿ֣ةӤ
д̿ͣĽк
ܿأӤϵƻͨǴɱӤѲ֪١
˷ȥعǴ˵͵ĸоôҹеҶ·һŵӤۡЦ
ӤһҶҲȴһ׮£˭Ӥݵ˶ţ
ҶصԺ·£ӽ˻ۿռ棬Ҳϴȥϵī֭Ҷһʱ䣬ŹʮӶѣԤҪ˺ܶ࣬Ųȥ
ҶôֻˣڼҶ΢΢һЦ
ڷͻȻ뵽еһЩɻüȥһҶһ£˼飬תֻ˱ԺһҩʦԼ֤û뿪ˣ׷Ҳû¡
صϷŵǬһ֣ҶȻʧЦ
ٶȱҪ֮ܶ࣬ԱҶ˰ʱ䣬ΪȥӤҵĶӤǬŪˣ
ʱҶע⵽ʲôֻʱ̫ˣûüϸǬһ£ӤǬﵹװ˲ٺöǾööһƷ鱦ĳһѣкü似֮Ķ⻹һЩ۶լԺȻة࣬ȶֿѫҪǮˡ
Щãۿռ档
ףʲôҶǬĽ䣬һ£һʲô޵ݣĴָСͨ崿ףʮּʵϸ⻬ֹŹַţʮϡ档


172 
ӤǬװⶫ
һöݣɢʮִ
֪֪꣬ʲô޵ݣҶʵ
ҡҡͷȴǲ֪
֪ⶫʲôãӤҲ֪;˵ҶһµöҲŽ˻ۿռ棬ϣ֪ʲôá
һö֪ʲô޵ݣһö֪ĺɫ飬оǼӡӡ
Ҳ˵Ǻɫ飬Ҷ꣬޷̽ڲ죬ֻ֪ⶫǲȴ֪;ĸΡڼӡӡҲ࣬оһͨͨʯͷûκǰʱҶΪֻһöдͨʯͷˣǴƼұȴǷӳ벻ãĻϵƾǿɣΪֹҶȻ֪öӡδ߶ģֻСĵغã˵ﻹһģӡ֪ǰʲôġ
ʰ֮Ҷڴˡ
һҹ޻賿Ҷֻصʲô鶼ûһ
ӤԼĸۡڵ۶˲СĲһȨة࣬ʮ׶ǿߣȻɱ鷿棬ܲҰ𶯣˲²׷ףǺɱӤ
۵ϲ飬ӤܷۡǴ̿ȥӰӤɱˣۡ¾Ȼûһ˿εúܣĪǿΪ
ĿǰΪֹܹ鵽ΨһӤüϵ˺ۣýɵģǸ̿һýĸ֣֮⣬һۼû¡
˵Ӥһʮ׶ǿߣ߿ţȻʱ䶼ûУҲ֮ĪǸ̿ýٶȣĿ쵽۷壿
𼶶ǿҲ߿鷿Ӥû֮ǰһӤɱǿҪɱӤαֶδɱ
ӤգɱǱ۶Ϣ۶һʱĻ̻̣˵ĳһٶʮĻ˯оѣŵ˴һس˯ʱ򣬶Լҵң˯ˡ
ʮ׶Ӥ׸ɵЩûΪģһŵðֻӤ˲ǵˣ̿Ͳг͢س
е˲²ģ˵ֽ״ӤѳӤ֤ͨݣԲģֲ²ⲻһ㡣
ӥҶļ飬ضֿˡ
Ӥص¥Ӥ£ǱˣԺҲõӤڱ󵷹Ҷ԰ĺܶࡣ
Ӥ֮ʱϢϣĿǰΪֹû˻ɵҶͷϣҶרĵȻûбɣҶʵȻŷǳǿҵĽȸС
֪СڸʲôʱһֱûСҶߵСķ䡣
Ҷ磬ҺС˯ۣʱһֱ˯ûڵأ֪Ҷȥ۶ɱӤ顣ԴӳϽ֮С⼸һֱԺҪ˯ȶûȤˡ
ɱӤ飬ǲҪСΪãСϾһӣ̫ˣ˵ᱻ׳
С岻𣿡Ҷĵʵ˵СϹߣ壬һ²˯Ҳ᷸ŶԣĪСˣ
ûвżģȻ˯С˸Ƿ
Ȼ˯Ǿͻȥ˯ɡҶСĺ󱳣ԴӳϽ֮ҶҲһЩĪķӦʱʱӿĪСҲǳϽԵʣ֪ⷴӦǺǻϽ̴󲹣ӦòӦɣ
šСתɻشȥˣû룬ʹ˺ࡣ
˯Ҳ̫˰ɣҶʧЦС˯߻ǺãҶת׼뿪Ȼоһ˿ĲϵСÿ֮ӿСͬһ㣬˲䱻СһɶһЩ֮ᱻų⡣
Ҷ΢С˯һЧֻ±ͨʮ껹ҪǿѹѾﵽ˾ˣ֮ǰȵϽӦСһЩӦСô˯
Ҷ˳˷䡣
صԼķ䣬Ҷ֣ҲУڴ
ôʱҶΪѾʮ׶壬ͿԳˣҶѾ˽ױϣʮ׺͵𼶣һʵĲ
ǿߣڵǱܱһ֮߰豹棬̣۶
ҩƽʱ͸ͨһ㣬ϲһ˿һ֣ǿߵһԻ֣ʮܹ֮ƥеġ
Ȼֻһһȴ֮ѣܶʮ׶ǿʮ궼޷һеֻʮ׶ҶûǲҪǿгױΪãԵս̣ҶЩףǿгף˳ȻͻƣˮɣȻ
Ҷ˷ɵ죬֮ôҩﵽ˼䴿Ĵ֮ûκһ˿ʣͻƵĸԶͨǿҪߺܶ࣡
һҶҲκηʱֻ˳Ȼ
ҩҲ˹ؼʱڣٹ죬ҩͿԳ¯ˡƷҩܷԼͻƵ𼶣Ҷ롣
ھۻ굤ҩѾòˣҶֳһöۻ굤ҩڶöۻ굤Чûеһžۻ굤ôǿˣܿͱҶһɶЧӣҶһҧóһö굤
굤ҩȾۻ굤ǿἸ֣ҶúӥҶң굤ҩͨʮǿߺѳܵˣ
ȻԼҲʮ׶壬ʵʵΪѾѷɫڵǿߣŸҳ굤
Ҷſڽ굤ȥ굤̺ҩǾۻ굤ʮʱһɳյĸоǻǱһǿҩ
Ҷɫ԰ףҧһһͨ굤ҩ
һɹ˳žҶԺҪըһ㣬һһͣҪԺű
Ժ֮УɵһɹɸΪ׳ˮӷɵ֮м
㱼䣬Ҷ·Ƭ֮Ͽգһ޼ʵĺ棬˷ӿԶһֺչâɣҶôԼ޷һֺա
Ƶأ·һϻԼĶ߽Ǿ˵Щʲôȴ
ϽҩҲõ˼һ㣬͸ҶÿһҶϵת쳽ŸͣУЩӣִһȦ
ĪǴ˵е
Ͻ굤ҩͣش߻Ҷ岻ϵɱ䣬ſÿһ죬ɵͻɣϵƲ


173 ׵
أﴦһĸоǿҵؼѹԭβƵĽױϣڳһ˿˿ƣһ˿ƳֵʱƱҲ޷ˣױϵƾһ㣬Ѹӿţһױķѡ
ͷŶĺˮһ㣬ƾԭǵĵ֮УԵе΢ˣţԺеķɵͷų˸ӿȥûʮӣ֮ѱ
ɹˣ
Ҷϲڵ֮䣬һֿƥշģ壬ظΧϣҶ˼ޱȣԺ֣ԵĸҲȻľ磡
֮۶Ȼȫµľ磬Ҷ˷ܵɡ
ʮף𼶣ǵ蹵Ĳ࣡
̤һȫµ
֮ҶоԼ꣬ҲһЩ仯֮ǰ̨ͷŵشµĴ˶Ѿָﵽһȫµľ磬֮ǰʵı仯
Ҷԭͷų꣬ĽױʿնȫȼϺɫĻ档
ȥҶͺһֻױʿѸݵ˳ٶף֮Уһһ˲ܺϱĴȥֻ䡱һ죬ǴһĶϣ֨ѽһص£ֻ϶ϵĲѾױʿһƺĩ
⻹һѣʮǺĴҲһĶϣ
һƵҪǿһЩ۷ĸ֣
Ҷ겢ûȫʵģʵֻһ㣬ҪﵽεĽ׶Σкܳ·ҪߣΪӰӵֻмٷ֮һ
⼸ٷ֮һѾǿ۷ĸˣǴﵽ֮С
ʵһٸ𼶵ǿߣֻҲҪһŲȱ⣡
ϤһʹãҶԼĽױʿֻڷԲ׵ķΧڿƶǿҲһЩȱݣս̫ңķǳ󣬶ʹʱ򣬱ԲܱһǳΣգ
һƻϴѾһЩˣԼصĵƣʱǲҪ¶ΪãҶ˻
Ҷı仯֮ʱϵҲһ˿ӦβۿüٶȣѸٳøβһϵƤëӹĿ羧Өİһ㣬һţԭ޵ĻѸٵɵҶо꣬һЩΡλʮֵ̬
Ҳˣ
ҶԸоϵǱԼģ֮䣬еϵҲ˵ԼףҲԼشٽף
걾һֻʮ׵ޣӦѾ˵ʦ֮С޲԰ϸоһ˿ǰǿȣ֮ʦм޵ĻҲǺѷɫˡ
֨֨۾ЩȸԾӣҲǸܵ֮˼Ľչ
Ҷ΢΢һЦһ°ĺ󱳣ƤëԽϸ⻬ĴУŮļһ㣬ǴջͰ궼˵ǿ֮Уǿ꣬һΣԴӦˣ
֮˶һֻȻһµĸоڵӿȣҶиһڵӿǰһѷɵѷɵƾӸҶԺǰѷɵһģһ
ķɵһķɵһЩʵ
һķɵһֿεĸоһΣҶоķɵһǿҵһ˵ľȻɱ
Ҷɵ˲䣬顢ɫӵ顢ƿ黹飬˵ս·ܵĳֿµĴڣһֹسĸо
˷ɵ壬
ҶҲֳԾ֪ѷɵûй
꣬ҳȥһ¡Ҷ˷ܵشӱԺӣ뵺һƬƧ֮С
ĵǷǳģֻռкСһطٷ֮ʮϵĵطľ֡
ɨȷΧûˣҶ͸Ѹɵ״
ɵôҶǰҶһǷɵǰɳףٶҲǺܿ죬͡һһɡ
ɶһһ㣬ûжԷɵκɵ˹
ɳ֮ɵƾɢ
Ҷߵǰһǵɵȱڣȱڹ⻬ƽϸ鿴ͻȻһЩķ֣ɵ֮ôһСƬϳһؽأüΪϸ顣
ɵֻһ˿ڣǿܱߵľɵ壬ֻҪǴȽϣɵе˹͵һغ
ɵȻ
Ҷķɵֻһ˿ԺзɵζѣԺеķɵǿֵزҶҲ޷
ɵȻ󣬵ٶ̫ˣױ㿪ٶܹڶԵ֮ʱԻг䲻Ч
֪βɵٶȣ
룬ɵ߶ģĪҪǿɵٶȣ
Ҷü˼һһѷɵ˷ɵ֮ϣоԼѷɵһ˿޵ϵͷ·һ˿ߣǣǰѷɵһ㡣
УҶһǰѷɵ͡һһ
ٶȱ֮ǰҪһЩҶĸоϲɵٶȣȻǿģ
ಣ
ͣ
ҶһһɵϰǿɵٶȺʣҶʱֻɵɳңʵߣ֮ƫᳬһ֣ٶȻ̫ˡ
ɵɳٶȣԸʮڵĸ֣ԣҪɱʮ׶ĸ֣Ҫ䲻У
Ƿɵٶܹٿһֻ𼶳ڵǿҲ޷ֵ
һһϰɵҶоԼԵǿɵٶȵһ50ֹкܴռ䣡
ҶɵˣŪô죬һЩɵİʮ˰Ҳвһѷɵɵ֣һҪ죬һҪ׼ֻҪס㣬ڹؼʱ̾ɱ֣
Сʱ֮һƣӿҶŷ֣ⶫһֱĳἫľҪ񲹻УƣӿӰʩչȻⶫǿģϰһһκĳһһλָͻõǿ
ԼܹʹɵҶ൱˷ܵģڵʼ׼ָһ£ټϰɵʱȻһЩǸӦʲô˳ȥֻ߷Ӱˮ棬Ǵҹ£һӡ


174 뵺
Ҷһݣ͵͵ˣһ𼶵ǿߣ
ʵֲܹ۵ĴǱ
Ҷ괫ݳһ˿ѶϢڱԺİ۾һɫӰںҹһ
𼶵ǿ߲֪ҪʲôΪϽģҶظо˵ϢôһЩϤٴһɨ־ȻǴǰڵص¥ϯϯڵϣ
Ҷһ⣬ϯϯǵǿߣȿҪʲô˵
Ƭ̣ವһҶļϡ
Ҷϯϯףڲݴ֮УϯϯܷҶҶȴ鿴ǵһһϰ֮ͣ
һᣬҶָоӰǱ߳˹㡢·Ƴɣ
һȻڵ˽ͷ
ΧһƬף紵֣Ҷ
λѹɤţʵ
ڣϯϯϯصϯһȥ
λϡ΢΢ȭ
λ۹ϻ׼ҵɣϯĿϣҶϽ㻹ҩƷҩ飬˴ȥġ
ͷĴ˼ۡ
׹ӻԼˣϯɫһЩʵ
Ȼλ̸һ̸Σ㿴ϯϯһЦﰵ⣬ԼԼ̫ҽںڣŶû
ҩǵ۷ǿߣ߻߸֣д۵ĸ׹֮δҩϯɫóҲ֮
׹ӿ֪ҩĵҩʱܹƳɹϯʵǰ֣ҩĵҩûƺãֻỵ¯棬һ죬ۺҩƷҩϷϣ֮Ϊᵤҩϼѡ
̽ݵĵҩʱϣӦλϸᣬΣеƫԤڣͬʱ֣ǵҩڱصãʱ໥ƺ⣬طߣǻƾ豳ֵһЩֻڣҩҩֻҲᱻڶ̣׼Ӵ󣬱ǿᣬԶ۹޳ĪʱֻΪ£ֻĶԲˣ
ƾڣֻµҩƳһ̲סѵ
λƳɹӰɣĪƹӲڵʵϯһ
ʦܳçײλ֣æסƳɵֻˡ
м׹պãֻҪ˴ͻƣ޷תطƣҩҲ޷ҩ𵤳ɵ죬µҩԼֵĳʳ棬ʱһֵϯٺһЦݸ㼸
ⲻҩʼ֮ʱʳͽȥġɫһ䣬ôǿ¶һΣյ顣
׹ҩĵôᶼûаɣ㲻ԶҪˮİɣϯ
ֻЩıһ
ڸޣױܹκ˵ߴϢҵûȥ㱨ϯʦָǱڵ磬ʱ򾲺׹ӼϯǺһЦָϯһֻë׵Ļɫ
ɫЩѿ
ϯºˮ뿪ˣת󣬶ϯǱ
ҶĿһֱԶȥ
ʦ֣ô죿̫ҽںڵôûƳɻʵ
԰ڵ˲̫ҽڵ˶Ѿ˵۶ĪǵڶֻѶżûе̫ҽ·ü
ΪһҩʲôãڼҶСһߴԷ磬ʦڶֻѾȻҲʦһ涼ѣҩˣУ·棬ٷŷֻѶҲҪ絽̫ҽڣֻںֻᱻ̵ͷʣһҪҵ̫ҽڵˣ໥ƽ⣬мԣ
˵Զȥ
˵ĶԻҶЦһ˹ǽΪԼתţ۹ܹôãĸǺģʱˮһգ
Ҷϯϣһ˿ްĹâϯˣֻʣϯһϯһڸ֣֪ԼܲܶԸˣϾԼҲŸոս׶ѣΪûй̡
ҪҪϯڵϵ飬ҩ
ĬƬ̣ҩ֪ϯڵϣ϶ҲϯôȥɱϯһڸھѣҩӲ֮
룬ȵȵҹ˵ҶԭɵǰͣطתѾܽɵˣŪʮִˡ
ּһʱ䣬һΪҶ̧ͷ˿ɫѾǺҹˡ
ЩС޹ˣҶǻһֱ֮ģǶϯЩˣҶȴǼӲϯˣնϲ֪մ˵Ѫɱˣе
ֻеʵҶҲҶ֣ɱϯȻһЩӦڣǿ̣еʦİ긨ķɵҶĵ˺ܶࡣ
ֻһǿߣƴ򲻹𼶶ģҩ۵Ľ飬ƻֲڵҰ
սΣҶЩԾԾԣҪǿߵʵˣȻ֪ʹ꣬ʱҲǿߵĶ֡
ҹХ¸Զĺˮ΢Ĵ֮£Ե΢⡣
Ҷ곯Զ˹ȥ֮ܿеϯϯ͸һһ㣬¹ϣԵЩ԰ס
꣬ߣҶСڷＸ춼ûгܻ˯˯ͰڵʵԸϯӦô´ˣýСҲûʲô
ҶļҶŰһ𣬼ӣϯڵ
ϯµﲻͣزŪһצץʲôͣͲϵؾ׽ţͻȻ䣬Ǹоʲôֱ壬ɫ۾Ĵ
Ȼֻ׵ޣǼͨԣڵطѵ֮󣬱ȴѶΪãǶΣһΣնܼʱܡ
״ϯע⣬ϯ۾ػܣյ֣ʲôûС
鿴һ֮Ӧûʲôֶ֣Ҷԡ
ϯŷ龪һ
ϯ֪ǣ󲢷ԸȥԶģ˿ѾȫҶˣ


175 ɱϯ
һֻ׵ޣȻҲ¶ˡҶһЦΣյĸӦ൱ģСܰɡ
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ΪɱϯھԲưոݣ鷳ҪҩͷϣĬƬ̵
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176 ֱ
꿴ȥҶ˻صԼıԺ
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սͨսͬս֮ʱܵǿҼͻӰսҪȹ̣Ӧҵս
ڷɵҶ˷ɵһ;ֻҪɵж֣ͿԽһ˿ڶֵڣԼһȫµķ֣սҲǺôģһɵУֵھһöʱը
һϯǬö֮⻹һһƷ鱦ĳҶЩӽۿռ棬ֻʱòϣںĵԼʳˡ
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ϯжϣ˵ɱֶΪ죬ʹõһѳһѷɵΪҩҡͷȻҲų
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ҩͷطªȻʹڣɡҩۣôףɼ˫Ľ黹ǲġ
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177 ɽҹ߾֮
ӤȻ˽ͨйϾ۹࣬ҪҲҪԶ֣Īͱɱˣڴ۵ҲѹŭҶӤйڣϵĵϳǿߣ˲ҶɱģҶֻҲѸϵ
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룬ԼӦûʲô֤ݣҪҶ֣Ҷڶɽ֮УҲҲһᣬԼҲϣΣˣҸ֮䣬㲻Ϲڣ̸ôðȥฮϴɱοҵʵɱةࡣ
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ҹɽе߾֮ҶһЦ
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۵ı飬ҶҲµôģ΢ЦҲûҪ˵ۣת̸⡣


178 
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ҶĳطűԼȲ̽ǿߵϢģҶԦĪҶıһǿţѧطȻµѼһиҶйصѶϢҶȻڲ֮У޷͸
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179 ּɵ
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ڵ֮㷢ԣڵ׼ŻֵϯȻĪʧˣʶϯܿѾɱˣһŭؿ
ʣµİ˸𼶳ϻ̫ҽڵľŸǿ߽̤ŷ棬Ӷ
ҩµ߸ǿ߻Ǳߵʮǿߣȫأ֮
Ҷվſȥ
ҶЩǵǿߣսܲģܳȥڼһԼʮ׸𼶲˲һǰ㣬һǿߣͿԽҶɱ
Ҷ棬ų׿츳ÿһҩʦ֮ǾԲԲμսġ
ҩȻŵ۷ΪѾһٶûμսˡ
ҶʣԼҪҩһԶμս𣿲ԲᣡΪҪսҩһһֱμսܿԶͣĳ磬޷
ڼȻų׿츳дҩʹãӦͻʮײŶԣΪʲôڣǾŽڣΪûвμս޷ϵľ磡дҩҲ޷ͻơ
Ҷ벻һҩʦǳΪǿߣ
ҶڼŵЦЦİɣʦ֣ҲðյģǰʱոͻƣĿǰѾǵ
ڼȻһҶǾţҶʮ꣬Ѿˣôܣ
ԶҩҲǾ֣ʮĵǿߣңԶ۹Ǹ˲űĹңҲţ
ҶȥɣСġҩӻֵҶּᶨĹâܵս⣬ЩףҶǲԶһҩʦ
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180 ҵƽ
СİԱѡ
Ǹзصĵǿһϯ̫⣬ҶĵҶİ˵
ڻҵûлָҶǿת׼ؾһս
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ղҶɱϯѾǳˣһʮ߰꣬Ȼ˵ڵʵǳ׵߸ǵ֪ĵľκ˻ûƽһģ갡ȻһȭͰѵǿߴˣǴ̥￪ʼ𣿾̥￪ʼҲ갡ʲôĪЩϹŶӦõײȥˣ
еǿ߶ͣ˴򶷣㶵ؿСһȭشңСޣֻǿߵʵЩ𼶵ģƨ
СعͷƵؿҶʵҶ磬ڿʲô
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Ҷ䣬ΪССȻƻָһЩֻ»ǿߵĶ֡
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181 ҵ·
ƽƷ鱦УϼƷֵΪصĶ֮һƽʱ᲻ãû뵽һãȻƬ
ƼֱҪ޳ˣŭСȭͷһȭҵƽ
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С˲һֻСϻƣŭһǰѡ·ҵ·ȭһȭӳ
䡱һ죬ΧЩǿ߶Ϊ֮ɫ䣬𼶵ǿ߶Ծ
һȭûһ㻨Σ˫ӲӲ
ܵϰ緭ӿҶͷһЩģǿ𼶶ǿߣʹֻ꣬Ҳ޷һȭ
Сһȭ֮󣬵ŵŵվȣЩʯˢˢˢص˳ȥ
Щǿ߷׷׻ȭЩԼʯ飬Ƕ۾սĿȥʱɵֻۡƵɳʮףײһǽϣǶǽ˲˷棬飬ȫǻҳǱ
һ𼶶ǿߣȻģһڵǿСֺȻ֮ɫ
ƵûʲôˣһȭҲ𵴣̧ͷСһ˿֣һϷ򲻸ˣһֻ񣬼ٵӶȥ
ͷߣ·Сŭ֣׷˼ͣѾʧԶ֮Уر壬׷ƵģҶ罻ǰر壡
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Ƴֵʱۺ̷ɲƿڴȥƵʱ˵չزŸ־òסۺҩˣȴ㱻ϼ޻ļһժӡ
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ȻϽЧϽӦҲܰСظƣҶţץһѵҩǬݸССЩҩȥԣȳˣҶҪСָܹƷҩʲô
С˼뵥Ҳ֪ôЩҩⵤҩ϶ֵǮҶȴô࣬ۿһӺˣүүֻҶͰˣţԣ·ȣЩҩ


182 Ƕ
ŵӦòȥ˵Ҳ˵۶죬ҩǰĵɡۿҩ
šҩ˵ͷ˼ȴƮһ뵽ˣȻһ̾Щ飬òֽˡ
۵õ˵ҩ֮ʹ͸µĵһһţҩҲһЩҩ߸ǿߣȻ̷һŵҩҩڼŪ˰ŷãŽڵʵһӳ̫Ļղˡ
һƷҩҪСʱȰҩ뵤ҩδʱ仺գǿߵΪԼ˵ҩΪҲһġƷҩʱڻԵǿΪ
ҶҲһţʼĿ
СеƣΪʲôҶ˵ҩ֮ҪĿһᣬԡҧȥһϽ֮󣬻ûûˣԸоϽ񵤶ԼЧϽ⻹ҪãȻĻ϶ΪϽһöûУϽ񵤻Ҷˡ
ԡԣСǳǶһһȥʮţͷ촽Ͻ񵤲ҩôֿѳԣһЩϽζСԽԽ񫡣ԡԣƬ̹ʮŵҩ¶ˡ
óԣСģ죬һǬĵҩԼԵһСˣϽͣסٳԾûˣϽ񵤿ǺֵǮĶСԼ̫ˣ룬ٳžͲˣ
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ڼͷ֪˿ʦжʹࡣ
ȴǲͬҩҩôʦ֮ͽ϶ɱһЩˣҪǸʦ̵ֱ֮ǳ룡㽫ʦţ˵蹷һҧ㣡
ҶһɨıͶʦţѾ뿪ˣϵļʹᣬþߵףȥ
˵ҩʦҲ̫ʧܡ


183 Ƿħӡ
۵֮£ҩڼҶСҩµһڵǿסһصĻʼұԺǲٴˣĿ̫һŵȥ۵Ļ޷ʱ
סڻʼұԺ֮ڣֻҪСıܣŵ˹ƺ׷鵽ҩҶ˵١
ʼұԺ
һԲĽȺΧǽͥԺСˮʮ¡ҩĶ˹ҶСҲԼԺ䡣
ʱҶҩѧϰ֮ѫĶҩóһݸҩҩڰҶҩҩԣȻӦĽҩ
ϵʱҶصԼСԺߵĲγ
żô죬Ҷһ𣬵ڤȥһ㣬ҶûܵϽ֮ģȴǺܶ࣬Щ֮ҩƳɵҩÿƳɵĵҩֳݣһһݣÿ˶ջķᡣ
һ࣬ŵûٳ֡
Ҷ֮˳Ľҩ˵Ҷ֮ӦѾСͨҩ𣬵۹ͨˣͿõҩˡ
֪ҶķٽڼʵԼĵĸܣʼرչѧϰ֪ʶΪʦ֣ôʱھͱСʦӭͷϲҳԽҲ̫ûˡ
Ҷ츳ʵǾ޽еģܹ֮յһӣҩĸο
ҹ콥
ҶԼСԺ棬ڼ䣬Ҷ˲굤ΪȻûͻͽѾʮֹˣֻҪǰһǵڣҲһЩչһ֮Ѿӽǿˡ
ϧʵսǿ߻ǲ˺ܶ࣬Ҫԭ껹ûȫʵܵǿҵ𵴡ǿ߶Ժһƣѷɫ٣ܵ𵴣ʵ֣ټȥͱɡ
Եǰ׶Σ껹ҪǿСǿû̫İ취ҶֻܲʱسԾۻ굤굤ҩļǿҶѾþۻ굤굤ֵҩˡ
֮УԲ¾һ̣¹ͶսҶĴе㴲ǰ¹⾳
Ҷ۾˼ӿͷ˺ܶˣס幫YȵȣǶǣҡ
ͣ׷Ϊøã
ҶԱߵıϰš
ҶЩң֪ڵľ̫ʺˣؿڵ壬Զ۹ċYְѻۿռĺɫӡӡȶ˳Щرδоǵá
Ҷóӡ˲䣬һĿİɫâ䡣
ô£
Ҷʧɫֻӡ¹֮£貵ҹһ㣬ҫ۶Ŀɫâ
¹ӡ߶ˣ
·ܵĳֿµϢĵһ
ףӡ棬ʲôҶֵͺһԼͷŵ֮Կ
֨֨Ҳ۾ĿĹâʮִۣʲô׷ʲô飬ҲҶһͷꡣ
Ҷͷ˲䣬ӡųΪĿĹâǰɫâ֮УصķӡҶͰϣأҶӡһͻȻʧ
ҶоԼǴһ㱡Ĥĳط
۾ʱһֻµľſѪڣųԼ
һͷߴʮ׵ľ޴ޣеʨӣȫҺڵƬͷϳһĶǣؿڵ⣬貵ȺǣֻצӺβȼܵϺ档
ҶȷһֻԼδޣ
꣬ߣҶһӾѣߵİ꣬Ⱦܡ
ܳʮףҶ㷢֣ԼǱԭأۿǰһƬգȴ޷֣ܳͷȥֻޣֻһǶ޷ŭţھҶͰʮ׵ĵط޷ǰ벽ֻܲͣ
Ҷ侲ſԼܱߵ״
һĿռ䣬ԲףһƬƽ̹ĵ棬˸ͼγһԲη󣬷ıԵԾϵĴ֣ϡԱǡħȼ֣ǽǷħǽǸħǸ֣Ҷ̫ϵó
۴ŸʵʯʯϹһĺɫһͷ˩ʯϣһͷֻ޵Ĳϡ
ҲΪʲôͷ޷Լԭˣ
ҶԸоͷַ·بźĵϢǱסԼͱһ̳ˡ
Ǭ֮฽ռĶǲܷŽۿռģռ䣬ĿռӦǲһġĿռ䣬ܷȴԡҲΪʲôӡܷ뻤ۿռԭ
վҶļϣ˸һ˿⣬ضǰֻޡ
𣡣
޷ĺǰצͣĻ棬ϻ䣬Ҫǰ˳ʼձסڶ޷ŭ֮ʱͻȻתɫƮ𣬺ڶ޵ϡ
أ
޷Ĳҽ֮ˣή˼֣Ѫ۾ȻգҲգصҶͰꡣ
ӡУȻӡôһֻޣֻ֪޽ʲô͸ƣͿԸоܲ򵥡
֪Լܲܽ併޵ĵȽ׿̫ˣҲ޷ֻ̽޵ʵ
֨֨л˼
꣬˵ֻʵǿСҶ̧ͷֻߴʮ׵ĶޣȻûСô󣬵Ǿ󲿷޵ʵǿġ
ҪѱӡֻޣǷǳѣڵǣҪôܳȥص棿
ҶŸַɨռ䣬ռǷյģȥô죿
꣬ҪôȥҶüʵǲҲֻһɣ
Ҷ˼ʱ򣬰ͻȻҧҶָϣȻȥ
Ҷʹһ£һѪ˳ָ䣬ڵϣʱûһ˿˿ɫĹΣɢ˳ȥ
ɫѤĹâߵĺɫƲʣҶôƬ̣оԼӡ֮䣬һЩϸ΢ϵ󷨵ͬԼһ㡣
Ƕͷܱߵı仯͵͵ʺУʱŭ֮
Ƭ֮ҶֵģһɫطӡԲм仭һŻ棬һ
С࣬ǲշҵģǷħӡҲֻסҶʮ꣬ʮҾͻǷħӡʱһҪ㣡һװȻҶԺ

Ҷ˫ס䣬ʹĽкʵ̫ǿˣ·ҪĶĤĸ룬ֱԺ


184 ϻʨ
˵һҶԺеķɵҵضӿԻҶʹࡣ
һԽ֪ҶΪʲôΪҶѪӡӦշһŶԡǶ˵ЩȴһҲֻҶܹ
ϻʨѾǷħӡǧ꣬ǧʱ⣬بһֻҪٹʮ꣬Ҿܳȥˣʮ꣬ұܻɣҪѹңΪĻޣǾƲܵģϻʨǰצŭĴ棬һӡն
䣡
Щӡϻʨըϻʨή˼֣ȻŭѵضҶ
ΣҶָ˹ȥԵµѪΣڵϣתھǣָƣϻʨĿУҶǶӡһЩ˽⡣
ӡȷе˵ӦǽǷħӡ֪ΪΣǰ˽ֻϻʨӡ棬ֲ֪ôأҶУҶҼӡţܽϻʨϻʨͻΪǸ˵Ļޣ
֪ϻʨʵΣʵԲѷɫ۷ʱڵСˣϻʨʵǷħӡѹ˺ܶ࣬ȫͷų֪жǿ
ʮڣ㣬´ˣҶһϻʨ˵ŻϻʨǰԲƣ
Ҷϻʨ˵õȴ
ƾ㣿𼶵ΪʮҪңϻʨ·ʲôЦЦ˻ƵͳҵʵӡˣҲܹԸ˵ģӡҿԷŹ㣡
ϻʨѾǻ˲֪õϹˣ
ӡп𣿡Ҷߵӡ飬ϻʨҪϻʨԼСҪϻʨ
ϻʨѾӡ˼ǧˣʮһܳҶţ
⻹һ㣬ӡɵо쳽֮䣬ƺôһЩеʲôܣ
ӡһӡϻʨһأʲôʱѸöӡҲҪһоʲô
ҶнЦЦ꣬û£
þվҶǲٺϻʨ׹ˣ̧ͷϻʨֻϻʨͭ۾ŭԼ޲ðԼԵһ㣬ϧϻʨ޷ͻƷ
صķӡҶս֣¶˾ģһҪѱͷʨӣԹԵسΪԼĻޣ
ӡϵ֮ҶоԼӡһ㣬濴ȥԿΡ
ӡҲ뵽Ҷ֮С
һֵĸоӡ˷ӡϻʨ֮⣬ƻбô
Ҷ룬ӡڼƷ鱦Ʒϵģӡû飬޷Ʒ
ҡҡͷʱǲЩˡ
һҶٴγ˷棬ӡѾʧˣҶԸоӡ֮УģֻһصķӡûĶ
ҲҶӡЩãȻӡ
ϵؽӡҶоѾؿӡˣӡǸ󷨣ҲȻģ󷨵ĸӳ̶ȣ֮ǰľ鷨ҪҶ˼ڤ룬ֻðȴ޷ᡣ
ӡ֮Уϻʨͣط񱩵ŭ֮Ҷоϻʨ֮£Ѿôһ˿˿ơ
ҶľѣƳϻʨȻӡ
ϻʨ˵Ķʮ꣬м٣
Ŀӡÿһ˿ӡһУ΢ĸӦӡķӡϻʨ󲿷ֵʵĿǰϻʨʵӦòѷɫʦǿߣҲ𾳶壬ŷƲϻʨʵ᲻
ϢķӦԸоϻʨ۷ڵʵС޷ģĪϻʨҲϹ֣
βϻʨָȫʵ֮ǰѱɻޣĪҪҶüڵʵǲ
󷨽һѣҶϻʨϣãֻڣϻʨʱ򣬲лϻʨ
꣬ȥСҶһ£һԵİСʵ˵ܻϻʨϾϻʨҲʦѡ
ವشڳ˷䣬һСˡ
Ҷ磬ңС͹⣬̧˵ʵ
ҶһҪСһӡȴȻ֣У
ΪʲôСУȴԣҶһ٣ˣ϶꣡ܽӡ
ûʲô¡ҶӻۿռóϽ񵤣ݸСȥɡ
ŶСЩɻ󲻽⣬ǺܿĵسȥˣϽ񵤿Գˡ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ܽСϻʨĻϻʨǿҲЧǾֻܿԼˡ룬Լܻ꣬ܲϻʨϣȻãҲҪһԣ
꣬ߣǽӡҶһŰӡ
ϻʨǰצͣĴ棬ŭͻȻֵҶͰ꣬غСӣ㲻ҳȥڵģ
ҶͷŰ꣬꣬һߣȥһ굣ǵҶЦЦİɣҲӲƴģ̧ͷϻʨжʱȼȵս⡣
ϻʨоҶı仯ŪؿҶСӣȻҪҴʨүһڳ㣡
˭˭ӮһأҶȻ̧ͷһ͸֮һߴ׵ĽױʿһǿϢչ
ΣϻʨĿһݣڱӡ֮ǰ˵һǧٸҲҪһϻɱڣӡϻѹƣ粻ʵҲֻʦĶ֣Ȼһ٣ԣѾʵ壬㣬ȻǿᣬֻһӰ
ϻʨǱЩҪϵĴڣļʶЩԱģһ۾ͿҶ
ҵĻȷʵֻӰǳʵεģʱ򣬾ҪԹԵҵĻޣҶضϻʨױʿȼܵĻ棬ó֮һһϻʨȥ
ֻǻӰҪ𣿵ֻ»꣬ʱӡٺ٣ʱ˵һ̫ϾҲҵĶ֣ϻʨЦŵ
ǾͿ˭죡Ҷһ֮еĽױʿ𳤵ͻȻ𣬳ϻʨȥ
ױʿϻʨŪһȼϻצȥƳ֮УĻ֪ж٣ȻĿǰʵֻ𼶶壬ĻǿȣԶԶ𼶶壬壬۷ѷѡ
ءһ죬ױʿһնϻʨצϡ
䣡
ѣ


185 ׵
ãҶϽٿؽױʿѾˣϻʨһצڽױʿĸ
ءױʿһը죬ױʿ¶ʹ飬˲ɢ
ϻʨ֮䣬˿ֲĻ֮ĻǿȣȫԴݻҶ꣡
ۡһҶסؿڣ³һѪɢ
ϻʨĻʵ̫ǿˣĶ֣
ᣬٵشҶǬ˿굤
ꡭû£ҶЦǿ˵˿꣬ѵһͿ֮ǰһ˻ҪأȫǱһʹ࣬꽫굤ݸԼ˹ͷȥ
Сӣһʨүϻɣòһ죬ϻͻὫĻȼմʧȥͻһˣϻʨ
Ҷ갤ϻʨһŻһ㣬һһȼգȥһ굤֮󣬱ɢһЩȻֵϻ
ĪǣҪһˣ
Ҳģ
һҪҶңǿңһҪȥ۹ыYһҪ껯֮ӣҪ磡һ㣬յʹ࣬Ҷʶģ
Ҷʹӣ᲻ͣ£𣬸ղŲӦҶôçײʹϻʨԺģ
Ҷвʵŭģ̫̫ľ
·ǸܵҶǿҵԺеķɵ˵زѸʶһ˿˿֮Уƺ̺һ˿ڵ˿УںϽҶ֮С
ô£ϻʨĿһ٣ضҶܵҶ꣬Ҷһ˿ϻ֮ǰҶܵĴˣҲһһػָš
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صķɵû֪һһδҶ𺳡
ָɣ꣡
Ҷŭţش߶ɵڿ񱩣ǾǸܵҶٻҶڷ۳һ޴У罭ӱӿЩ֮ڶȫ뵽Ҷ֮С
Ҷ֮Уױʿɢҵ̬ۣԭģ
оҶڻָĻϲҶȻڻè̬˽ӽǻۺУҶһ·ô࣬Ҷ֮ŨУ֪ǲǽ飬ֻ֪ҶʹʱʹҶĵʱҲſġ
Ҷ̧ͷȻųһ⣬곹ϻ𣬶̶ʱ䣬Ѿָԭеǿȣôһ˿ϸ΢ĽչȻֻһչҶѾǳˣϾҪһѵĹ̡
ϻȻˣⲻܣϻʨŭغС
Ҷ̧ͷϻʨһϻЧ´
꿴Ҷᶨ񣬸ҶͨѾˣҶҪϻʨ꣬ӱ鵽ǻһʹḶ́ҶҪô
Ҷִֹ;ǿðҲøǿһζرҶҲҪҶ
ǽٴ򣡡ҶǵѪĽױʿն𣬻賤ϻʨȥ
һҪɱ㣡ϻʨоԼܵƣŭһצȵĻȼնһƳױʿȥ
䡱һ죬ױʿٴαϻʨĵ÷顣
Ҷ𵴣һʹĿȻЩɢȻޱȼᶨܵʹҶԣһĥ£־ӵļᶨھͣתɢһۣϲϻɵױʿٴۣȸղǿһ㡣
Ҷ̧ͷ΢΢Ц߶ױʿϻʨȥ
ⲻܣϻʨԸоҶһЩǿɢȻ»ۣôܻᷢǰһУòţױʿֲòҪվԭذĻҲǻ˵ģ
䡱һױʿһα顣
ϻʨǰޱȾ꣬ﲻһ˿⣬ף걻ôһ־ҵʹȻڶ̶ʱڣʹ࣬ȻһͷһЩë
Ҳţһֱʹ࣡ϻʨаضһĽױʿȥ
䣡
Ҷһһα飬ʮΣ𵴵ʹʹ飬Ҷһֱҧ֣ΪоԼı仯ÿһΣͻǿ֣ʵϵǿҲ˴ȵӡ
֮ǰҶȻչܿ죬ϾûоʵսԵеʱˣڣһһαͨ𵴶Ҷ˵ʲôˡ
һδ˺Ѱʹ൱УҶϵǿȣױʿʵǿߣҲֻһˡ
ϻʨҶ񣬴һ˿⣬ΪܵҶǿֲٶȡÿνױʿϻʨòӦսױʿһҲǻһЩ˵ġ
ʮΣһ־ƣĸоҶŰһӡ
Ժ󶼿ַʵֱѱϻʨϻʨΪԼĻΪֹ
ͷǸصķӡҶЩƣ۵΢΢һЦһ۰꣬˸꣬ҺۣҪ˯һսѾĵþƣҪǷɵ֧֣ڵˡ
ҶڴϺܿس˯˹ȥ
Ҷ˯ӣؿţᣬҶĻСԴ˲ҶգʱͻȻһȫƤëһ˿ķۺɫΪоҶַƨϣ˼£̧ͷ޺޵صһҶȴҶ˯𣬰еΣͷҶؿڣҲ˯ˡ
Ҷȷʵ̫̫ˣһδα飬ʹ಻һܹܵ˵ģ꾭ϵʱһҶ־ǿͣҲǾܲס꾭ϵʱÿζʹȥҲҶ־ÿ裬ҲҶԣҶ޷ڶ̶̵ʱڣ⣬Ҳ޷ڶ̶̵ʱڣͻôȼһδѣ˵Ҳһĥ
˵ҪлЩˣøǿ
˯һ죬ڶ쾫ָҶȥҩѧϰϵʱӡУϻʨ򶷣ꡣ
ʱ䣬Ҷ˵൱ʵģΪҶԸоԼĽ
֮Ҷӵ˸׵ţҩõĽҩǶյˣҶսҶɵϵĶҲˣҶһЩ˳ҶϽ񵤣Ϊ˴ȵҶɵһˣҲʼŽˡ
ϻ˵һʱҶͻȻڵҶʧȥ磬Ҷսǰȥ̽ӣȴڵ˵˻ҶǶڵҶ诵Ĵ
Ī诶ʲô⣿ҶڴϿţվǸϹҪǸҰ诶ôһҪڣ


186 ǰ
ھ۶ԶҲ·̡
ҶСͰꡣ
ꡢСһȥڣҶĿǰΪȻŵѾԻܵڵĸˣ꣬ӮǿߣСʵǸϹ
Ҷ磬ȥڸ𣿡Сɻʵ
ܡҶЩϣü
ܣϲˣСȸԾص
һҩȥ֮ǰҶҪҩС
ҶҪҪǸһȥڱϾһţƼҩЩĵص
ʦģƲСĶ֣Ǽ򲻹ԱҲࡣҶŵص
֮ǰǱСݺݵؽѵһ£Ȼ£ҩ룬Ҳͷһ·Сģв˶㡣
ǻģʮ죬ǾͻˡҶͷʦתۣһʱ䣬Ҳܸһȥˡ
ҩ΢΢ͷȥɡ
ҩҶһװСǰŵĻ
һ߷ɶ𣬳ڵķȥ
֪ҶôˣҶҶǺϲԼõģҶұһ𳤴Ȼ˴֮˵࣬Ǳ˴֮֮飬ǳ
ɽ壬ɽͶͣܲɽ֮вʱһЩ޳ûһʯ̾͵ɽ·ѵͨɽ֮һƬֺĽ֡
Ǵ˵еڣ۹֮һ˵µ֮࣬յģ۹ҵš
ҶСʱÿÿ˵ڣųݾĽ֮ģǶԣһңɼĴڣһܹѡУڣǽ˵ĽԵҶҲûֹ诶ڣʱ˻صȥҶ϶֮Աǡ
һ죬ҶһΪӵĴڣ
ôһƬӴĽ֮Уҵ诶Ҳһ鷳顣
˻񣬷ɱڣҶ꣬ڵһڽɨ
ǿϢҶ֪һһ𼶵ǿߣӦþˣһϢұڵһѨ֮УȻһֻʦޣ
ֻʦһ
⵹Щʣֻ֪ʲô˽ȥֻ޵ĳ࣬ûΣһ뷢Ժһ̬ӵߣȻһֻֻ֪˶꣬Ȼ޵ʦ弶
ǸǰԵüΪһֱͦȻԲ
ڣҶ˷ȻЩʮﵽʮ׳ڣ츳ҲϲһƷҩδزܵΣׯܣǴȻ츳׿ʮʮ׳ڣҲ˵Ƿʮ֮ǰʮڡϵʶһ£
ɫ֮ͽѿΡ߶˷֮Աǵӡ
ǣڣׯܣҲһŮüȥƵص䣬ڵλߣҪһ仰Ҳɲڵţִⲻ˷ţҲ޿κΡ
˷粻ʺţȥɡ߲͵ذڰ֡
Ҷ΢ߣڵУλƺΪߵӣȻܾŵѡ
ʱߺоʲôŭһ˭
Ҷ˻
ڣôˣɻʵ
ɻҡҡͷҶˣûʲôȥɡ
ʹõʱ΢ܱʦϵ޲ģԼĲݣǲ죡棬Ȼһֻʦޣ⻹벻
ʦҲûʲôµģֻҪҶ£ֻҪ΢ͷųһЩϢһֻʦ޻ŵƨ
ڵĳԺ
Ҷ诣Ūû㣬أһķһ߿˱ԺĴţ˽ȵ
ͿˡҶЩίصͷԭϸ۵ϣڲ˺ۣǽʱµġ
ǷɨҶһۣһٿ㣬ĸҪԺͷԣ
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˵ҰǿϢնǿߣһƣһǸĺ췢ߡ


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ϣҿҲ߻ֵ̿صСһóʮӰŵˡ
ϰ壬İȫӾͲˡҶ߹Сùӣڰ̯ϡ


191 ʮΪ
λүʹã̯еİӼҲֵӰ߼æһµҶЩţǰλүӦλˡףС΢򲻸ҵЩҵˡ
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ҶĻΨҶͷæӦ֣ʹеİӶһ棬ʮ
СǴӣʼͳԣһһԵ͡
óԣС죬˷ܵ˵š
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192 һɱ
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һ綼ǿԷĴڣĿǰΪֹδ˵˷ˣֵˣҶ²⣬϶һЩЩȻеôعء
Ҷ֪ϵǿߣѾˣǸʨ̨籣϶٣ʱҶᴧ⣬ǷôһƺЩǲŲ絷ҡ
Ȼֻһ²⣬ôСϢǲҪй¶ΪãһЩǿ߾鷳ˡûоʵ֮ǰ¶Сģ
ͬʱԸǿߣҶ˵Ѷ̫ˣСֱסֻСر壬


194 ں
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С˵ЩʲôҶʵĿǰΪֹԻɬǲ̫⣬Щè˵ô졣
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Сعͷֻèһֱ͵㣬еֻҶϰ㣬ֻè͵ͷ˸Ĺš
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ԭһ˿ϣϣҵҴˣùõĻĿʱȥŴŵ
걯˵ӣҶҲųʹɽèһɽèһδػᱻ壬Ҷеŭ޴йҪʵ϶ὫԱһȭ
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ҶҪһ̤ãŵĻؿǸţǰ峤˼δǣҵҪ峤˶
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צŭݺݵضǸš
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ҶŭһԼܹסǣԼС϶ᱻȥ꣬Ҳпܱ
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һԵҪ̧ͷ˵Ҷһۣͷսս˵
꿴Աߵźţ¶飬ֿ˿ùãùôãѣùûӦǱԱŮ
ԱߵżҶЩɽèһѸӹıӻ㹫ǿƣɽèһҲġ
Ů˾ȻҶ죬Ŀĳ࣬ҶʲôŮһƣ֪һʲôǣĪڵص¥һͻҶСװһװԣϣ޷֮ƥУ
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ҶͰĿöˮ֮󣬱ƿˣˮƺһԻԵ
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֨֨˷ܵػӶСצӡ
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ܿԻñ飿Ҷʵ
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ҶԻñͷѾ۾ͷŶ̽Իñ֮ڣҶһеԻñ飬ԻñسֳɫʣһȦȦ׹ɢϡأҶ·𿴵ӰĪǾèһȱǣèһ廹ʢ˥峤һⶼŮġ
ͻȻ۾峺ͫϻûɣıʯҶԸоԻñЩʲôʱ߼ʱǫ֮ſ³һŰŰöԻñԻñͻȻ֮ţɢӨӨİɫɵ˿Уر仯ŴС˸뵰Сſһ̣̽˶
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ҪõڰβҲʵ̫ˣбʲô
Ϊͣǿһ·ʦ壬ͣʦҲֻһ߶ѡ
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Ƭ֮󣬰е˻ȥ
꣬ôˣҶָƽʱģȲؿʵ
һϲӣβͻذڶ֨֨˵˼
˵ѾԻñںˣԻñèһȱǵΪһε峤ͳèһ塣ҰĻܿҪʦˡСһԻ˵֪Իñһܹﵽ㣬ҲȸԾѡ
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ٵϣҶСӰнԶԶɽ֮䣬һֺƬ֮󣬹âɣٵϺܿС
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Ȼʮ꣬Ȼʮ죬Ƴ趯ȫ͹沼˸˰̣ȻֻǾȴһֲŭơ
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ڼôһ˵ҩһЦСڼڼ̰Ľ»Ǹ㡢·桢Ƴһ㣬ҲᱻˣĽ򿪣ʱ泩ȰڼҶ츳ٶû츳ҵȷӣ޷֮Ტۣ뿪ͺá
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ŶΪʦˡҩЦҡҡͷ
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ҩڼ˰ΣȻһֻ̾һ˵ѣڼȴǸΪʦһΣΪʦ
ʼұԺſڣҶ˻ڼһĪĴʦֻʦƷз棬޿ޣĵףԸһʦֿĿꡣ
Ժ濴ȥ˿ҩʦ־ͬļһ׽
ڼҩ˵֮ʣķűˡ
ڼȥſ˭ҩڼ
ǣʦ𡣡ڼվ߹ȥѷŴ򿪣־ȻҶϲ¶ϲ֮ɫҶʦܣˣ
šҶЦŵ˵ͷʦֺá
ɣû뵽ôͻˣǻΪ漸ءڼǺһЦ
ҶС߽ҩ֮΢΢Ϲʦ𡣡
ɶˣҩЦؿҶ
ѾˡҶ˵ͷ
ΪʦƤֱ鷳Ȼ㰲Ȼˣһжãһ·ˣϢϢɡҩͰصҶظϾ涢Ҷʵ̫ˡ
ҩĵĻҶЩжҩ˾֮顣
ˣǰΣ㶼ûڣȻˣҸʱȥһɡҩ
ǣʦ𡣡ҶӦ
ҩڼһҶҶԼɽã꣬óҶҵԵһ£û˵С仯סڡ;˷ɽèһЩ顣ҶҩڼЩȷʵ˵棬һЩҪ鷳
ҩ΢΢ͷҲû׷ϸڡ
ҩĵӣȷʵ˵飬Ҷ벻ף㡢·桢ƳɵΪʲôҪҩѵǻҵҩõʦ
Ҷҩڼ죬ֱٽŸǳصԼСԺСڰָ£ʼϰ޵似ˡ
һθӥһսҶĶϸϸİ֮ǰױʿӥԾһǵնں似ʱֻڼսͻȻһʱĶһڻʵջǳ
ʼұԺýױʿ似δ̫ˣҶֻ꣬˫ſһһȭȭı仯ϰգ׼һʽڻͨ
ýױʿҲʹ似Ҷ˵һǳѵս
Ҷ֪ڵôģΪ쳽ԵʣÿϰգҶظо˿һ鲼ȫһ㣬񶯣żҲṲ˿ߵĹҲǴͬÿһ˿߶ŵﴦһ
ֻҪϤ˿ߵƵʣͿԼס似ѵʩչʽ
Ҷҵţһҹʱܿ͹ȥˡ
峿Ժ泿ԶļϴߴߴչŲ
ɫ͸߲ôң϶һԡ
꣬Сȥݷһ۰ɣ˳һ۶Ҷ۶֮ûúõع۶ʵ֮󣬰ԼںϣʵѾ𶥷ǿߣں̫ҽڵҲûʲôԼʮǧһʱӦû취ɸֹ
Ҷ磬Ҫȥ۶̫ˣСȸԾ
С似ôˣҶСԴЦ
Сˢһ£ƨɡ
Ҷֻ꣬һεı飬֪Сϰ似ûʲôչ
Ҷ磬̫ˡСصʮֲӣһϣ򵥵һ似ûѧᡣ
û£̣С㲻ѧ似ҲѾˡҶοС
̣С૵ظҶĻû仰˼ߺʹʲô֪ǣҶ˵ĻеҶ˵ÿһ仰ôеҶһäĿĳݡ
ԣ似Ҫģ似СøҶСļ
šСص˵ͷ
߰ɡҶ걧
ǵҩڼ˵һһ˻ʼұԺ
ڵ۶ʮʼұԺЩʼұԺеӣеǰʹ۹ʹڣһЩһЩӵģҶҩסʼұԺʳǻǱȽϽġ
رɭϵıԺ˻ʳǱߵһϣﳵˮ֮
Ǽǰ߹֣۶Ϊɴ̻֮أۼ۹ˣһЩУҲʱڴˣһǧ
Ҷûмȥۣţȹһⷱĵ۶ȥҲ١Ȼǲȥɴġ
һߣһ߹ۿߵľ£ֵߵĽЩɫζ۹һʷƾõĹŹˣȻʢҲܻ˲õ
䣬˼ᴩʷӣⲽԵƺҲһ˿ﷱܣմУγһֵ
ƺܵҶĵı仯Ҳ΢˫Ӧڵ
СȴѾҶļʮӱԱߵС̯ˣ֣ǺöԻܶܶóԵģʲôͳʲô˵һöԻʮӣԺһҪŪǬӣĵҩ
̶̵ʮӣСѾ˰ʮӡʮ㡢ｴţ⻹иǧٹֵС㲻
Щ̯Ǿ񿴹һСͶһˣǳô󣬻ûмСĳԻ


203 
Сһ齴ţ⣬ùһҸ顣
Ҷ磬ҪԽţ𣿡СùĹĵģ̧ͷҶ
ҶȻʧЦҡҡͷ԰ɡ
Ϊ˱ϴһ˸٣Ҷͷų꣬ǰǿöˣԸǷԲʮķΧֻҪһ˿紵ݶӲ۾
⸽û˶Ļ⣬Ҷ׼ǰߣ·˵˵Ķ䡣
֪۶棬һֻûһµСصϴһ˿֮ɫ
Ҷһ֣վס˽ŲĪʲôܽ˵۶ûһֻ޳ڵ۶۶ЩǶǳ԰׷ƾڵ۶У
ֻ𣿳ôûȥץԱһķĸһŵʵȻʮˣ̴棬ü֮һ˵̬Ա¶촦¶Ƭѩ׵ļ
ôûȥץ˵һЩ壬Ҫץסֻֻ̫ˣ˵廹ܴС仯һֻô󣬳ʮŽ׸һûץסǸ˺һ㣬˵ĭɡ
˵ĻǸŵûһ£ʵֻ𣿡
ˣһ£漴ҡҡͷǵû˵ֻ˵ЩүǳĳʳĪʧ
ֻ͵ԶˣʲôµģǸ˿ֱЦǰǸֱۣĵ˿ڿˮ
ǡûʲôµġβѣ۾ֱǸ˵ؿٺЦ͵֮⣬רЩ˼СƨɣɵŮ˵һƨɣŵڴ죬ԱŮ֣ԱŮʮŮƨɣϧˣδŮû˹ȱһֻˡ
Ҳ̫ŹˣǸصû˵רƨɵ
Ҫˣ˺ٺٹЦԲͦβ
ȥȥȥ۾ĿģǸֵһۣȴǲյӣ۴һЦ˼ҵˣҼ˻ڼء
˿˿Ǹˮ߰̾һǺ޸Ȼ欵š
רŮƨɣҶüͷšһ૵֪ʲôôá
Գ˼һͷͻȻ̺죬峺ͫɬеյؿҶ
꣬ôˣҶ飬ɻʵ
Ҷͷ·ߵúúõģͻȻðרŮƨɡĴʻ㣬߷߲ѣĪҶİã
ûҶôǿ󣬲û˻Ǹ˵ĶԻҲѹְƫҶһ룬֪Լˣæֽ͵꣬ˣǾ仰˵Ĳҡ
ˮĴ۾Ҷȴһŵӡ
Ҷ࣬꣬ˣղҵһ˺һ̸
۾뵽ʲôҶĻ̫ˣû뵽Ҷãȷʵ
ı飬Ҷ֪øƫˣǸ˺͸˵۶һֻֻˣרŮ˵ƨɣЩɻֻʲô
ԭˣҶļſ
ڽˣҶһΣЦ꣬ĿУô𣿡
һ޹ӣ峺۾Ҷκ죬˵ͷԼ֮ǰҵƨɱҶ˲֪ٻأҲҶˡ
аһӣҶһʱˣյץץԴΪʲôӡأ
Ҷп಻Ե飬ȴĵ͵Цһ£ü䣬޶ˣҶļſʵֻǸҶЦѡ
ǷĸŤ֫תҪȥͻȻоƨϴһЩǱֲͣȥΪǸղǸĻеĵطһ󷢲Цһ壬ɫƽʱʵģû뵽ôɫ컯վȻ˼ƨɣ࣡
ǸŤͷҪһ£ȴվ׿⣬ֵؿһ£һͷȴһͷƨϲͣع
ͷͨֻͨۺ죬ϴʮָɾһԴһͣȶţϻ˶һö׹ϻжҲⱦ˿̧ͷӺߺɫеֱ̬졣
ŵþһҵѽһ˹ȥ
ͷֹ˼¸˵ƨɣ̾ģǼֻʣͷӵСùˡ
ߵһУĪﱻ
ˣ
Īƨɱˣ
Χ̯λһܶ˶Ѿ˵Ĵţ֪Īﱳͷͨۺ죬޺ʵһͷŵòֻܣЩˣһʧɫ޵ûǶȡ
Ҷ˵ʱ򣬲ûнջֻӰһĸ֪Χ֮ڣǸĪƨɸˣٶȿþˡ
ʵҶͷ΢ʦʦޣֻҲûٶȣҶϣܵһǿϢĪֻ޺Ҳһɣ
ҶֻʧಡһѾڳ׿⣬һ޸˵ı󣬳Ǹ޸˵ƨϹ˹Ǹһͷϵ˹ȥ
Ҷһݣֻٶȣ澪ˣޣʱǲҪΪãһڵ۶﷢Ǿ鷳ˡ
С꣬ߣҶһֱ׷ֻ
ޣѷҶˣֻӦһֻޣ
޵ĸˣȰĶ䲻ͣȶţһ˷Եõӣ۶Ů˹Ȼ͸죬ˮ磬ĵطŮ˾ǲһ˷ܻȸԾ˼Բ۾гһ죬ǰǴ˵еɴˣɴŵŮ˰ԲɴŵŮ绨ѽһõСƨѽȹɴŮˣȥʵӵĺ󹬣ƯĹŮΰ룬ǹ¼ŮΣԸΰһȥʵΰ룡
˷ܵغߺ಻һӰɴ
ȴ֪ﶼҶˣҶȵŴͣ¶ŵ飬ϾȻֱǡ⣡
ֻ֪ڵ۶Ļҡ
Ҷһ·׷ɴɴｫһľˡʵֻǵƨɣҲһˡ
һҲûɶʧҶ룬Ȼۺ죬ҲΪǵƨɣȥŭһ


204 
ɴﶫ̸࣬ſڡ
̸Ƚһ¥Ůƣ̸λղ˸С֡
̸ſڣһʮŮڻӶŹĿˣò˵̸ŮҲ൱ˮ׼ģȻѾʮˣ̬󣬵һ㶼֣ǰ͹̣һɫĳ£߹յ쾡£ǷزΣǹǣʩ죬Щѷɫ٣ü伸ҪγˮƵ̬ɧļ
ϣ͹٣ܰǵܾˡŮһһ˿Ŀ
ǿ̲סŮ˵˼ѡ
÷ԽԽˡ
ϣ𡣡÷Ǹ˵Ļ˲䣬ģһֱͼǹܰ㣬Ļǵѽˣǿ˹ͷˡ
һЩ·˿ǸŮ֮󣬶̲סҪۡ
̸ͥУʱ˽ȥ
÷Ǹͽ̸֮󣬳ˣʱͻȻоƨɱһѣȻʲôƨ϶˶
ϣ͹٣û÷շۺ죬˿ȴûлͷβչȥ˲䣬͹٣̫ˣŶôӲŶ˼ҺúߵġͥڵġŶҪ˼ҿ첻ˡ
÷˸оèצͣļһ㣬ͻȻͲһ£һ㣬ϴһĨ˵ϣ̧ͷȥΧ˶ԶԶģȻûһڿһֵؿ֣عͷȴһֻۺɫЦɫеӣһ˵Ĵ
ҵѽ÷ŵù˲̸ܽ
÷ܽȥҡһԴڻζʲô̾Բ̡֭ͦȻǧѵһĺΣֻӦУ˼ĵüع÷Ҳľʫ⣬ΣΣȥƶԸС
ҡͷԣҡڵؽ̸Ƭ̸֮췭ظʱŮ˵ļ
ҶЩҲ̫Ҷ֪ʲôĴʻݣҲ֪ôźã꽫շҶԼ겻ǿҪշǲһշɣķǿ߿Ƿǳµġ
̸ڣһʱƲҶĿǰԵ˵һ£ʵ꣬Ǹô죿
ҲЩȣһ㶼ɽ治磬ҲȺм䲻˷֣ҡڵش۶ټЩ⣬ȻרŮ˵ƨɣ㲻е⣿
֨֨һµ
˵ҶһԿܲ꽫ƷƷû취ˣû취ƷǷħӡ档СһԷ롣
⵹ҲǸ취ǣһշɣڵ۶淴ɱ¾ô죿ҶЩǵʵ
ҡҡͷ˵˼䡣
˵Թ϶ѵʾ޺ǲڳɱ¾ġС
ȻҶЩɻޡΪʲôĹ涨벻׵ģȻҶеĹǾ˺ܶ࣬Կܲշ
곯̸׷Ѱȥ̸ޣû취׷٣ҶѾӡ׼ˣһշɣûʲôµġ
̸֮̽ǰľҶЦã̸ĴűˣһȺŮ̸ﲻͣɢӣӲͣغߺţ׷ЩŮ˵
Σ
ҲһһһƷƵص
һǸϲ÷зۣڻζʲôߺ
ͣعŮʱͻȻ֮䣬ΧһǿĻѹ˷Χ˹һһԺ
Ųһ٣ʱһ亹ѹ棬͸һɲͬѰϢ
֪ǸʲôλãĻɸ۶ŵûһǸĻԺͻᱻշΪԷ¡
շûôףҪŮߺཱུʱųĿĺɫ⻪
Ҷʩչ꣬ۿһ˿ҪԺˣԺͻȻţҶײһǽϣءһ˻
𵴣Ҷо⵽һ
ޣȻ˵ã
Ҷ𵴿֮ɱಡһڳ̸󣬳۶񱼡
ΣҶǿָ˹׷ٶȥӵǧ׿⡣
ûзԼڣһˣҶҵԼ
һλᣬ޷շ϶ͻܳ귶Χˣ
ǿޣܹշ֮䣬ʲôطȥã
գҶر۾һǿ͸εƶȥ
ˣΧĻѹͻȻ˼֣༸Ҫǻϵ׹׹ȵȣųѤĿı⣬ΰһʮûһܽշҿһֻᱻЩҵǹŮƨɣڴҵ֮ǰǾԲ᳼ǵģ
һ꣬һԺ
ҶѾԼеʩչ˳
վסŲʶĻĻͬоԺܵѹȣʼ̷ߣ׹ı⣬һ⣬ԺΧγһ̵ķߡ
ˣһţ̫һ㡣
֮£ҶǱѩ˹̵Ŀˮһ㣬˺ܶ࣬糱ˮȥŹƬ̣Ҷһξ£
Ҷ굱У̺һϹ޵Ϣʧɫû뵽۶Ȼǿҵﰡ֪۶ˣ׷Ī
ҶһδҪԺʧˣԺ״ƮԲֻԲķ̫ǿˣһ̵ıݣûһ˿϶ҲԹĵط
ҶеˣΪʲôΪһȴûбκշܹƷǲࡣ
أ겻ϵײǸԲ֮ϣһһ𵴣εҪǸԲûǸԲ򣬾ǺĽʯһ㣬ޱȼ̣ƾһδεؽûȻȻ


205 
ߺԲһ̫һâţ֮ǰǿʢ֡
Ҷâҫ£һȴʵ̫ǿˣҶշޣοƺ
ߺߣ˰ɣշŶûУǷһˣһκ˶סңɷǵػζһ壬ƨɺСβ;һȦı﷢Ȼô˵һȴô⣬ͣؼ񱼶ȥ
Ҷֽ𵴵Ͻ߶֮Уһ˿˿Ϣڵ˿Уõ䡣
꣬һΣҶôܵҶҲһЩģ׼Ŭһ£Ȼ֪ɹϣʮã
վҶļϣҲţڶںϽҶ棬ֻ꣬ʮ֮һںϽҶ棬Ҷ껹кǿǿõġ
Сվһ߽ŵؿҶͰ꣬ʱȴǰﲻæϹ֣޵ķ룬ûлֶҲ޷ϹֶصѪڻȴһϲͨ
ں˰һֵ֮ҶͻȻǿ˺ܶ࣬е껯ɼϸ״͵سԺȥ
оĻˣеɣͻȻ֮䣬һϸһԺӣͻȻһ˿ʹ
ҵүŵƨԺǷǳ̵ģҶȻ㹥˽ֻһĴʹ˵ȴǼֲģΪ֪һһĹʧȥˣ
һ͵ش߶ϵıءһһҶ꣬Ⱦܡ
ಣڴϻһӰأʮשǽײЩשǽǿߵǰֽһ㣬Ƭ֮ӵǧ׿⣬Ӱûˡ
Ҷ걻𵴿֮ɫһףһģ³һѪһ·񱼶ȥԼĿǰ꣬Ҫշ̫̫ˡ
Ҷշûб̫ϣֻǿϧˣԺǿûշ޾ͺˣʦʦ޶ңġ
ˣҶף˲̫̰ˣתһ˿˿Ϣڶ𣬲ҶĹȵꡣ
С꣬ܵˡҶЦһµ
СͰ겢û̫ʧ䣬һʼûб̫ϣ
ҶԺǿˣһշǿСһԵ
šҶЦЦʧܣҲʮֵȻϾһԼ֮飬׼ջ꣬ͻȻ֮䣬һ˿ŹֵϢ˳ǵϢ׷ٶȥֻĵطһ̮שǽ£ʲôһ˿ı⡣
ҶһĪǱʱ򣬵ʲôҶҲòϣϵıʵ̫ˣʮЩԻŶصķãҪЩͱշˡ
С꣬ߣҶһȥ֮ǰǼõ֣
ǧףҶ䵽һ̮ǽߣﵽשʯҶשʯ淭ңƬ֮һֻҶ˳ͨûʲôֻ͸һ˿⣬֮ů˸оЩڲͬ
Ҷ˳ϵӣ
֪ʲôãҶ϶ӦΪ
Ҷ磬ǸʲôõģֵֵǮС۾Ҷӣʵ
ֵǮôǮ
ջ񲻴˶˵ȥҶСаҲĶ֣
ߣӰӣʧ˽ֵ֮С
ʵҶ̫ˣʵ̫ηˣĻɸ۶ƶٶȣ׷ǧҲڻ£ĻһͷһֱûƵؿ񱼣Сʱܳ˵۶ܵ˼صɽŸͣһ£ûиоĻŸͣ
û׷˰ɣ૵һƨڵɥһѱһᣬˣ۶Ůǣˣ÷ˣ󹬵ļǣһǵġ
ʮڣ̤۹ĵ۶ˣ˵ʵһ顣
أ÷ʮһȥģһ죬ʵΰ룡۶Ůǣʹ飬ʱͻȻоЩԣϵӺһֻ
ҵӣ
һĲҽڿտɽ
ҶСͰߵúԶ֮ҶŸϸϸеֻӡ
ӱϿʲôر֪ʹãҲ֪ʲôá
鿴˰죬ӵڲ࣬˼С֣֡
꣬⼸ʲô֣ҶָǼ֣ʵ
꿴˿ü˼Ƭ̣֨֨˵һ
˵ֽС
ⶫԸйأ
Ҷ̽öӣ͸ʱҶоֻˡһһһεĲһ㣬ɢҶоԼ֮һЩĹԺеķɵҲǲһ¡
ݷɵƵʣҶ¿Բ²⣬ֻƷײͣҲص¥̨籵ľ
ڣҶҲ޷ʹöȻȥ֮ооöĹðɡ
Ҷ׼뻤ۿռ䣬ȴǼҡҡͷ֨֨л
꣬˼ǣҪ뻤ۿռ䣬ղأҶɻʵӰ̬вµ˰Ҫ˵Щʲô
˵ͷ
ǺðɡȻ֪ΪʲôӦԼĵҶպá
ҶŰꡢСһ𣬽˻ʳǣҶ֮һֽǹҶϹȻ˼ֽ׽Ҷһ·˻ʳǣ֮һʯ̾͵Ĵһ·˹͢ڵ
һֺĹΡ붼ʮ׸ߣеĸߴף¥һɻʼ
Снһ㣬ĿЩͣӵɵùԲԭȻܽ˺ΰĹ
ҶЩĹҲòΪǰľе𾪣һǰκιҪΰö࣬Ϊ似ǿʢһЩסƳĹ˵׸ߵĽҲرѵ顣
䣬ҶͻȻһξĴ
ɨЩҶڽǵˣǳ˾⡣


206 
ɨһЩ԰Щطˮ趯ݺݺ࣬ŮƣȻʹȱٵģŮۻ޸ǳҶûκοӵֻɨһ¾ͽ˻
˵ۻøлԼҪʳǣָɧҡҶͻȻһȤͷǲӦøԼ״顰ӢۡԼ˵۶ŮԼǧƨɡ
뵽ҶȻʧЦ
һ·ϣҶһţһ˿ĸоǱʲôһ㣬úʶǻֻã
˵ˣֻĲʣƺͨͬ壬꣬ǣЧǳԣ
ԭˣ
Ҷ»ȻֻĲʣĳĵر
ֻ꣬ӵϣȻ꣬ʲôЧжǿҶʵ֪һЩȻղء
ҶĻǳ˷ܵӣ˵Щʲô
˵֮ǰ²ֻӣһֽлϵɵģȷˣ˵ܹ˵񣬾㾭ϵˣһ񣬾ҲָͨҲܹظͬʱзǳãܹ׷СһԵ
Ҷʵû뵽ֻȻ뵽֮ǰϵʱܵʹ࣬ʱһǸжãתһ룬Ҷ뿪ˣʱܵĿѣԣγһֲƸʹʹۣ־øӼᶨ
񵽵ײ˭Ҳ֪˵ԶŵʱкܶɽʱǲɼһˣҲûзֻɽżŻôһֻ֪ôõġС밢Ļ
ⶫȻϡҶͷ𾪣ղ֪̽ϣǹʮΣЩζǻôϡУǴҵôģ
룬ԼڸĶ֣ЩҲûãҲ֪ܵȥˣֻܾʹգŪһҲһ£ôģ
һţһ߹˼ȣ鷿ҶѾ̽۵ˣǱԶĻ԰ʮͯϷˣһЩ̫׷ЩܣЩͯӦö۵ĺӡ
֪Ҷһ̫Ͻ߽ȥͨ£ҶѾ鷿Ⱥˡ
š۾վ߳鷿
Ҷ츳׿ţδǿߣǲڻʵۼӵġ֪ǣҶٲȻѾ𼶵ʵȫ޷Ҷʵٶȡ
ҶɽˣۿҶ֮ЦЦ
šҶ˵ͷʹԺҶҲû񣬾ǶԴͨһ㡣Ҷʩ֮ǾԲܵģûʵѹһ֮
ǵ԰ȥһɣһһʼصĹ۶Ҷûʩһ˿Ϊ⣬ѵһ㡣
ΧЩвʮ׵ǿߣе𼶵ģ״֮üͷû뵽ҶȻ˴󵨣ƫƫһ㶼ûӣҪºһҶĵλˡ
ɣȥɽջ񣿡ǰţһ߻ͷЦص
ɽ۸ȥջûСҶȻ۹۸вҲûеֿԷܵĳ̶ȣȻۣѾշڣ
ӻ治ѵһЦ˿ҶߵССʵ˼ɵģ˭ãƫҪҶ
԰Сˮƽ涷ޣУͬ˼ɾһ㡣
мһ̫ͤѾϰں˲ˮġ
ۡҶСǻܡ
ǰһ裬ǲˮһĵ˱ǶֻǲˮһִɫƬҶƮУ㣬Ŀ
Ժ𣿡СָָԼǰĲˮ۰Ͱ͵سҶۡ
ЦЦȻԡ
С豭ˡһ¾ͺȹˣҶҲֱӳȥһ죬ڻζӣúȣϧ̫ˣûУٵһ
СôͰѲˮȹˣҪҪۿЦһµĲˮУȴûˡ
ĲˮҲôú𣿡СʵⱭˮֻ֮ÿڳ򣬻ζҪǣ֫һĸо
ĲˮȻûйôúȡ۵Զغһأǿؽٺڿߵһɽϣһʯ䳤꣬ңǹϣһԶԶȥˮīһ̣ڹϲ֪˶£˵֮ã˲ÿ꣬Ż᳤ƬҶƬҶֻʱʱ֮Ϊ綾ҶҪַƬҶɼʮ򣬲ƳɲҶ˲ޱȣ߶ԣļƷ۹ǧ꣬ҲֻղʮƬѡ֣һָҶǰĲ豭ϸϸƷǣ
û뵽⼸ƬҶȻҶ˿豭ǲˮ֮ƮƬҶ˵һҪܺȵõСͰһǾõ˾ƬҶһͻ۾Ȼ䶼óˣɣ룬ôĹȺ˵ԼôϽ񵤣ȵһְ̫ɣ£úúÿǿ˵ܰǾͰˣܰҲΪ
ҶǰǱ裬һ㣬һֵسĸоĲˮ˳ʺ£㻷ƣɾ
ò裡
ҶһһֺצŲˮһһغţβҡڡ
СҰһͣˮҪˣǰıӣȴǿտҲ˭ȵôأ
Ҷһ̧֣ͷСӣɺЦʣ°뱭ݸССȰɡ
СԴҡ˹һ㣺ҶȰɣѾһˡ˵ţץ𼸿ȻܲԲҶͰȡ
ȰɡҶЦЦĵرѾԵùˣٰ뱭Ҳûʲô
СǼҡҡͷ
ۿҶСӣĬƬ̣һСȰɡ
㲻𣿡Сۣգգһ۾
ﻹһЩȥ֮һ۵ȻЩʹǽǰı˳


207 һͬǰ
ţ̫ˣСҲۿץǱ֪ϸϸƷˣûһȫȥȻȵһЩӹǱӻǺּܿˣúȣ
һԵҶЦСȲֱ˽˲ι֪ζ
һᣬҶͰĲ豭Ҳ˵ףҶֻȫޱȣȻĺö
ԶһЦһЩͯ԰Ϸ֣һܰ͵ľЩͯм䣬мŮԼĪʮӣѾͤͤˡ
۳Ǳ߿ȥѵ¶һ˿ƽ͵Цݡ
ЩǱµĺӣҶ˳۵Ŀ⿴ȥ
ǵģ޹ʮӣѾʮˣСĸո¡΢΢һЦ
ʮкӣƳǿ߶ԣʮкӲ̫
ʼҾǲһȻʮӡ
ЩУƶѾʮˣǳͤͤǹھ۶ŮҶýƶ㣬ɺãۿҶ
˵ЦˣҶ仰档
޲˵ЦصҶȻ޹ҶҲʲô壬Ҷֳ㹻츳ʸӭȢһˡ
ⲻСҶ۲˵Цؼ
ĪҶãƶ䲻㣿۱һ塣
ǣҶεºܣ䲻ƶҶƬ̵֮侲ЦԼӭȢһʶĹţôܣûиĻǲҸģ˵ҪһԼ£˼ܾҲûʲô
ҶǫˣһУû˱ʸ񡭡˵ţֻˡһ󼱴ٵĻѭȥֻһߺߵı飬צô档
ĵòֺһˣҪҶȢǸʲôţ뵽ৡһѩצӣǰצϣһ̡һʯצӡʯм
Ҷ״ε̯̯֡
һһЦҹ˰ˣǲ¡Ͼһ֮ܲԽݰѹӲҶ
۲ҶһıҲͻһЩ
Ҷһһ󡣡Цݣ֣صص
֪£ҶʵղΪһ£Ҳʾã˰ɡ
תͷԸȫȥй
ǸɣҶ
Ƭ̣һʮһꡢͷԵСк˹ϴһ·ʱСһԵЩɰ
ʡСкۣص
ǸСкԴҶ飬ҵӣֵУ츳Ϊ׿һ
ҶЩɻ۸Լ˵ЩΪʲô
м΢΢һ̾ЩɻΪʲô˵Щһ飬ˣ۹ˣչΪϻһ˿ѪҲֻܸϣܹһͨһƽƽȥ
ʡ鲻֪ԼĸΪʲô˵Щۿֱת
ҶͷһЩôһЩԵζ˵۹Ȼû䣬Ŀǰûôأ궼û֮ΣŶԣ
ˣ´ﶦʢҶ
۴ҶĻһЦʵȻ۹Ȼ濴ά֣ʵӿٹ¾ǽ֮ؿˡ
֮ؿֻҪǲʮʮϵĸֽͿˣӦûвʮ׸ԼǿߵģӦܶȹѹزŶԡҶĵһսҶǼʶˣ»вٸֵġ
ȷʵˣ䣬ڽ֮˵ľӢ֮ʿÿضȫû۹˲ŵ㣬Ǽͣɳǰ֮أֻ»гӺģһ׼ǰ֮أص
ʡſǻ˵Щʲôȴ֪ô˵
ºαȥðգҶصû뵽۾ȻĴ㡣
۹û˱޸ʺǰ֮أ۹ڽ֮ôೡһȻνľ֮𣬵ʵҲǸͨ˶ѣƥһŭѪߣҴǧ꣬ܲƾ裡ЩȻ
ҶףˣһǶȻĵģ۵ĻҶЩĬ
λʮ꣬ʱ۹һƬңҾȻΪӣҲ̫̫伲֮࣬Уͬݽ棬Ӷʳ˼Ҿ磬Ҿͬȳ˵һԵλ֮Ҿ۹һ֮ɱҾ򣬷ߣɱܶ࿤˾壬ɱĸֲ֮ͬˣҲָɱ˵һЦһΣֻҵȻԩһƴͷŶɱҶҲͷһ𣬵һ˶ս̫ҽڡ֮ʱҲûóȫӥ֮޷Ტۡ
Ҷǰֻ˵ɱ˺ܶˣ۱֮ȴ˵ǰ㱩Ű׶ֱⷬһдֶΣ޷ȺۣЩҲ⡣
۹֣֮ȻͿ̿ս֮ʱй֮޲۹һսȻҪϻ帲ҲϧΨŲµģ޶Ƕ˵ʼ飬ʵȻ˷ǲľ飿һսʺһѳЩӣֻ˵ʱһЩˣʣµĲܻ˭ҲӲѵķ򡣡۵ͳصԶЩϷĺӣһ˿顣
۵ϣ͸һįͲľȻʮ־ûаԥ
ʣԸһͬսŵરવµ
Ǻǡ۴ȰһЦԴףҪţϱҪһ˿Ѫ
ˣȻкܶ飬ҶҲͬ۵һЩΪ˵ĻҶЩЩʲôܹ˿ߣһˡҶҲһЩϾ۹ĴҲǹϵҶҵİΣ˵ҶҿԶɽƬɽȣܶһ
ˡ޷ӦҶ۵
һ٣ΣȻһЦ̾ҲգʵҲǴһЩ˽ĵģ֮ίи㣬Ǿ㣬ܻᴴһɾͣʹϻһ̫ǣȻˣҲֻܽίиҩ۹иһƽ˼ҡ𣬾ͿԼ컯ˡ˵֮ЩĬϵһ衣
û취æչ飬ҪĻҿԸһǰ֮أҶľԼʵֻۣҪǱ߲Ӧöܻ֮߳أ


208 ֮
Ų豭ҶĻֲ΢΢һ٣Ҷɲˣ츳꣬ضɾ;ˣȥ֮ðաҶĻʵЩ⣬ܶΨֱ֮ΪʲôҶƫƫϴգ
˵ʲôƥ̫ˣΪҶҰɣҸ֮䣬ҲһЩԹҶ뵽Լ͸׽⵽ķԼѾˣ֮һսȻǾʹӽ֮ؿʼɣ
۵ĿҶͣƬ̣˵ͷ֣صصܹŻǷһ顣
ǵأڽ֮һսбʤգҲؾÿǷʲôġҶȻ
ʤգһҶüëһƣÿһν֮ؿǲ𼶵ĸ֡ԼҲǱžһľȥģҶĴӺζȻ֮ǰɽϢʱҶҲǡɽĪǣҶʵɣǰ꣬ԽԽԿ͸ˡ
ʱ¾֪ˡҶЦЦҪ֪ƺһֻʦҲս֪θ룬Ҷ׼ƺֻҲʱ򼴱Լ֣Ҳûʲôˣ֪ͨǣڽ֮ؿ֮ǰ
ǰյһЩϢ𼶵ĸɽۺһڲ裬Ҷ֮ǰв¹ҶֲȷϾǿ𼶵ĸ֣Ҷʵ
Ŷȴǲ֪Ҷ졢Ĳڻص
ҶķӦȴ϶˳ǸҶйأҶ˵ҲʲʲôҶʵܹԸ𼶵ĸ֣֮һоʹаˣԭŵҲ˵ء
һᡣ
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֮λ۹۶൱ңԶȥٶȣҲҪʮϲ֮ܵĸңɼ½Ϊ̻ƣ춼̻֮һÿٰһΣʮҵĸ嶼ǰ򵽷ǳĵҩ鱦ϡ֮ҲԽҪȥ֮أۼǱһƷϣƷ鱦һѡ񡣡۵ǾԻһʢᣬ˵ҩҲμӣܻûü˵ɡ
šҶ˵ͷû뵽Ȼ֮һطʵҲȥ𣿡
϶ȥģ֮ͬطκһҵˣ֮ɱ˵Ļ⵽̻ͨɱСЩ̻ᣬӵмۺĲ¸ǻ˲ٸ֣һҶǶԣֱ׾١۵
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ҲŹȥɡҶͷҲ뿴֮ʲôһط
֮֮ؾҪȻȥ֮׼ʼұ汦ȵȣ£۵ͷһЩҵȵῪ֮һҪһƷϵ鱦Ʒģ
ҶȻҲһЩ뷨ڲȵ֮˵
һ֮ȥڤΣ
۵ĻҶʲôˣҶʵһģܵ㣬Ҷָһ֣ڤ㣬ջԾˣʱ֮Ķÿõ֮ȡõ鱦
ðɡҶ˵ͷ
һ˺ܿǰڤˡ
ֿɽ֮С
Ȼһž鷨ͣתñŨһ£˸оˬ
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Щǻͺӥ˽ģװ죬ȫ˶һԹۿһܼݵĻһĳȲѣҪǰһֵܼǼֱ췽ҹ̷ʮˣԴҶҸ춼̻ὨȶĽ׹ϵ֮ҶϵĽҶҶսҲĿ࣬һԴԴϵ롣
ҪڣҶս˵廨ϵ飬Ҷս϶᲻мһ˵˵ǧС˼
ҶǶԣѾǼҳ㷹ˣԾܳԣѲʲôϡĶҲУÿ˶ϴ赤˳Ҷľۻ굤һ˻Ͻ񵤡ϵװֻҪ߰˽׵ˣÿ˶һһƷ鱦Ž׵Ķ˶Ʒ鱦弸ҪԱƷ鱦
Ҷ读صʱ򣬿ǰһУֱĿɿڴ⻹ǰǸҶֱԼ۾
˹ȿڣɽҲõ˼ĸƣѾש߷ÿҪ飬ŬߵĵȽףͨһ֮ҪˡҶҪˣؿ֦ɢҶ׳壬ȥ
鷨ԱߣҶս졢Ҷϥ
֪ʲôʱܻҶԴ׵۾һ·ʮ׶壬ﵽ˽׵ıԵȴһֹŹֵĸо۾֮ڵľؿһ㣬档
ҲĸоһΪֻĸоءҶսһµΪҲҶһڽıԵ
׵۾֮ˡҶԽԽ׵۾£ǰǴ˵֮ͨ
ҶҶս첢֪ǣ׵۾ͨȻ֮ͬʱҲǣ֮ǰһЩۻ굤ԻһЩǿֻûҶһֹҲûзɵĸΪûҶôߣûĳ̶ȣΧĸ֪ˡ
֮Ҫٰһᣬ춼̻Ѿ룬壬ȥǲȥҶսʵǸҶһҲǸո˵֮һطǰǸ֪ʸûС


209 Źֵ
Ҷһµȥ֥Ȼ׬˺ܶ࣬ҶһȱһЩֿ̣ѻɽҲûãҪһЩõĶʵС
šҶսͷȥɡ
ҶҡͷǶֿйӴ¶Щףȥɣ֮Ӧûϵҡ
ҶսƬ̣ҲУֻһˡ
ҶҶս£˴׼֮ɹһЩöɢľʵ̫ˣǰ˶÷ա
ܱʮҵĸ˵֮һʢᡣ
Ҷڤ˼㣬ʱһ㣬ϵʱڸйϢϢʱҲ似Լ꣬似һЩ򣬶꣬Ծһ޴ĥÿ궼ñϻʨ飬ȻٻָȻٱ顣
ʱƣҶҲоϻʨʵҲһһǿӡ󷨣Ҳһһɶϻʨʵͷų
ϻʨ۷֮ʱһֻǳǿµޣ̨籣Ҳϻʨһ֮УֻҪӡɶһ㣬ϻʨʵͻᱩܶࡣ
Ҷ˼ֽȸУϻʨԿҲϻʨһʵӻɶʱ䣬һһα飬ҶϻҲӳңһĨϻʨͬϢ
ÿһϣҶľĵһɶһһڴ˯ȥһ˯ѣҶֱˣзɵԵʣҶĻָ൱ˡ
ҩڼҲйй濪¯ҩҶЩɵҩ
ʱһһȥһǹʮ졣
峿գҩۡҶСڤߵ㣬ˮڳҫ·ԵĲ⡣
ҩ۵ʱԲôרģڹעҶСҲȽΣǹ㣬Ǵ͵ģŵһҶС㣬һһдСϡࡣ
갲ضһߣԵʲôģû̫Ȥֻһ
ǵ֮ʱһֽ׺ܿ۵ϥ££߱Ƴڵ۶һҶס
ƣʲôһüͷ
ƣôˣҶ㣬ͷҲأص
֪ҪЩؿҶ
ԼˣֽװƴʼұԺҰɡҶһ˵ţһͣһ
Լˣۻҩ𶼾ԴеתˣʲôʱҶԼˣ֮ǰɱĵСһܣҪϽ񵤣ôһ֮󻹳ԼˣҶǰʱȥڵ׸Щʲô
ңƾʲôԹԵڻʼұԺҶ
ۿ˿Ҷֹӻֵȥƣ˵ҶڻʼұԺš
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۶ҵģҪʲôһûãȽ֮ؿˣҲȥ֮ذɡҶһµ֮ǰƽ֮أƵ˸ţսӮʹ˺ܶ࣬ҪעǣҲŽ֮أҶͲʩչˣһƿԼʵʵǷ񻹻Լ
Ƹȥ֮أ𾪵ؿҶ֮ǿζҪĸһϣϺȥ
ƻͬ𣿡ҩҲĸɻ
ȥġҶһЦȴûнԭ
ҩۣ벻ͨеԵɣһ𼶵ĸ֣ľôƾҶڲСƾʹ˳Ҳǲʵġ
ȻҶ˵Ҳֻܽɻĵס
˵ʱҶĵһ굤ҩ࣬ͿĨ㹳ϣȻ㹳˦˳ȥ
Ҷĵصȴţƽĺûһ˿
굤ҩ֪࣬ܲʲôϹҪٵһϽˬˡȻҶҲֻ룬ڤѾûϽˡ
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һԵҩҲоһ˿Ϣı仯ɴ۾
СҲоʲôһؿҶ㹳һĿİ꣬Ҳ۾
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ˣҶͻȻͣˣ͵ļ˱һܴĻȡ
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ҪͣҶͻȻо͵һˮˮĽҪֶȥ
ҪܣҶվ˽Ÿͺһ
Ҷһͣһźɫ屻Ҷ͸һԡͰôϳ˺ܶ೤Ĵ֣ͨۺɫͬʯ㷢ڵĹҲ֪ʲô㣬Ҷͳ˦˳ȥ
ءһŶ˵ϣѸٵֻһƤǰС
ֵöˣҩۣҲͷһ¡ػʲô㣿
СץסҶ
ûҶ˵꣬СѾ˳ȥرŶȭͷһȭ
ʱ˲ſҶģȻһֻ㣬泤˰̵Ĵ֣ͨۺ죬ƤıǸһ㵭ĹĤ
صһСһȭϣǴһ޻ϣĲ
ֲͣ˦ţһںڵĴۿͰ͵ؿСҪ޳ӡ
Сһȭû㣬ȭͷ׼ٸһȭǿ۾ٵյȭͷͣתͷҶɵʵҶ磬ÿҪ𣿡
СһȭϣȻһ¶ûУҶĸоȣ˵飬ҶһĪҲǵ޻ޣ
һɨԺĹȻһģһۼ𣬿ҲǵʦޡǣͨʦޣᰤСһȭ㵱еŹ֣
ôˣСҶҩʵʦ֪Ǻ
ҲֵһԵҲһЩ档
Ҫϸһ֪ҩߵϣ۲һãִǬóһƾɵ鼮


210 С
ҩҳʲôʵ
㳤൱ŹֵúܣȻĪǣǴ˵еڤ£ҩ𾪵ָһͼڤ£һ֮УƳ˵ɻ꣬ڤڤ·ܼΪףϡУǵҲʱƣޱȣһڤ£ǵַۺɫʱǵʴɬޱȣо綾κ˳֮󣬶߿Ѫʮ꣬ɫҲﵽΪ˵Ľ׶Σκ˳Ѫˮʮ֮ΪɫʱʳãΪĵرһڿꡣ
ۺɫ㣬ҶǾ˵ڻܳԣ
ҩҲʧص˵ͷ
˶Щʧò׵һ㣬ȴֲʳá
ڤΪֳףкǿұ˾綾֮⣬ǵ弫ΪκҲķ˺޵Ƥ⣬֮Уκ޼ˣԶԶܿڤֱʮ곤֮ѣʱѾΪˣҲǼ޴󣬾һЩҲֻǵʳҩڤ¿ǵġ
ҶĿֻСϣû뵽ôСһڤ³֮Ȼܱôǿʮ꣬ǿǼ£ƵʱԼʬǶɷɻˡ
ڤҲ޵ķ룬֪ܲܽշ
СڤµԴҶҶ磬ȻжܳԣǾͲҪɱ˰ɣ
šҶ˵ͷһ۰ְ꣬Щ˷ܵӣ񵱳СʱһҶЦЦԼ뷨һ
ҶҩۣȻ㲻ܳԣǾͰҰɡ
ҪʲôҩҪСһ㣬⺬о綾ֻҪ
ʦģһעġҶͷ
ҲͷͬˣڤҲҶģҪδҶɡ
С˸߲ҵһˮͰʢˮڤ·˽ȥſˮͰڣ˵СϣҶ˵ɱ㣬ȴˮͰϢһ¡
ڤһ㣬شˮͰ
㣬㣡ҶЦЦ
𣿡С̧ͷɻؿҶϲԱˣСϳ΢һ㣬Ǹһģһ𣿡
·СĻڤ۾һùԲʼͣˮͰŪöһΡ
СϣҪֻ˵㳤㣬жǲġСССڤµԴڤְ
ҶҲ˵㵽ﲻͬһһһСһ㣿ֶƺǲġ
һ㣬һϲСϡСЦ
ǾͽСϰɡҶЦЦʵҲһֶѣûҪô档
ԭҶСǺԣҪڤҩһЦ
ҩ۶֪ǣ˿̣ҶѾͷų꣬ڤµԺ֮ڤµԺ︽һ˿Ȼ˻ڤǱҶѱˡҶֻҪԶһڤ¶ᰴҶִС
ֵһ㣬ûʲôرϧ࣬ٽʱ콥֮ҶһŻصڤϵһй
ԹҶСصԼסһԺڡ
ԺڲͥԺ䷿ӣǰһԲʮ׵ĺɻأɻϽмͤ
ҶͰ֮ͤСС濪ˡ
СϣҰŽˮòãɱε̫ԶˣС֪СѾҶշˣԷŽɻҲûʲô
Сգգһ۾ƺܿĵӡȻ뿪ˮ¶ڰϣǸϲˮ
ССϷŽ˺ɻСϸˮϣôĴˮ棬ˮ
СϣôҿܱúܴܴأСſ˫ۣǵص
ɻСϡಡһ£࣬׳ӣҲǼ޴ˣСıȴûñȡ
ٺ٣ҴˣҶ˵ҲҾͲܱ㿴ˡСЩƵص
СЩʧӣֱԭĴСˮȥ
СϣҪҪԶкöóԵġСһ£ǬóһϽ񵤣ǬֻܹʣϽˣȻЩᣬʹóһϽ񵤡
СóϽ񵤵ʱСŵʲôӵСϽ񵤣۰Ͱ͵سСһ
ϽϽ񵤣ǴǸģСϣϲʶϽ㣿ǸһġС˵
Сϵͷһ㣬ȻһģץסϽ㣬ûԵϽ⡣
԰ɡСϽ񵤵ݸСϣСϵĴֽϽ񵤾ܿͳԵˡ
Ͻ񵤣Сϻˮ˼¡
ó԰ɣСЦеʵ
СϷɿص˵ͷ۰Ͱ͵ؿС
һԻѾûˡС̯̯˫֣ﰵţҲŲСԼǬﻹϽأЩϽҿҪ͵͵Եġ
СĻҶɺЦСҲ˼˵ǳԻȳԶĻ˭ܱȵùС
СϿؿСϽ֮Ƥ棬һֵĺɫǷĳֱ仯ҶҲĸо棬ĪϽ֮ĵҩܹٽСϵҶٴνҵ״̬
С飬СҲе㲻˼ˡ
СϣҪɣһЩۻ굤굤ԡСһµ
ۻ굤굤Сã֣Ƿɿص˵ͷ
СǬȡһЩۻ굤굤̯С֡
һɸΪջϢСϵĿͣСıƿˣЩҩǺҶڤĶϣȷʵѵסǵջ
С֣Щҩͳͳʮһöۻ굤ö굤һȫ¶ˡ
Ҷ˵Щҩһγ̫࣬ͳЩɡССϵԴ
Сϻˮ˼¡
СϣƤòãССԲԲ壬ͻ
ƤСһãƤʲô˼
С˵ţСϴˮﱧ
СϣһšС
СʲôĶһСڵϣһ£һ˳ȥֻСϡһɳʮ׿⣬ǽϷһ£֮ס
Сܹȥ˷ܵش󺰣С
С۾ɿص˵ͷ۾Цеһߡ
Ǽ档
أأأСϴ߷ɵǱߣִǱ߷ɵߡ
СٴС϶ˣһòֺ


211 ڤѰ
Ҷ³һСȥССϵߣץˣСС̫ˣ
СڸʲôҶ
Ҷ磬ڸСƤҶ磬ҪҪ棡Сĵص
Ҷ˹ȥСҲСͣȻСߣȻûһӣ˷ܵϴ
СϣСû۸㣿ҶһԵСʵҶҪС飬СϸԼæأССӲСϸ۸˰ɡ
۸С˰Ρ
û۸СϣСÿɿˡСһŵ
С۾Ц״ɿص˵ͷ
ҶһĶͷðɣ޵˼ά治ġ
СϷŻˮɣ԰ﱻŪһˡҶСϱϾǺ뿪ˮ̫û᲻룬޸ͨҰȫһǲԼڵˣ
Ҷתͷͤȥ
СϣҶ˵ƤˡСεص
С¶ʧ顣
ϷòãСҧָüͷʲôأ
С۰Ͱ͵ؿС
òãСͻȻһ뷨˷ܵص
Сգգ۾
ڵϵܶܶҪôִ߹ӮСΪԼ뷨еܲѡ
С۾䣬˷ܵص˵ͷ
СĻҶһĲϷй򣬶п㣬㣡СϾȻ˷ܵͬˣʲô°
ҶϽͷֹСĹͷҪôȥСϷǱСɣ
ҹɫѾǺҹˡ
СˮϷڣеӡ
Ҷ껹С˹ű˷
Сϣ⡣Ҷڳر߶
Сգգ۾Ҷ
Сϣڤôãûں׷һЩŹֵĶҶʵۿ˵ڤĺףϹر
ŹֵĶСһֻ쵽棬ѧС֮ǰǸ˼ı飬Σɿص˵ͷ
ڤȻкöҶһСϵСϣҪܰڤЩҾ͸һЩóԵģôʵϣҶС´СӦûǻִеģڤطЩ⣬ҶҲ޷͸ڤһСϵڤͲˣˮһգҶ뵽öջСϡ
ڤƳСڵͣƻֻһӶѣ˼άҲȽϼ򵥡
֣Сϲͣһͷܸ˵ӡ
ССϣ꣬һȥڤҶܵصڤкöǿʴԵˮܹǧ겻ǾһЩر
Ҷļϣһĵسйڤȥ
ڤϿȵĹȿڣرɭϣйߣȴûʩչЩǸ֪Ҷ˳й
Ҷ֪Լʵ̫ˣҩ۸ԼĹϵٺãЩܻǲҪ֪ĺá
ڤߣԲ¸¹ࡣ
ߵʯ̲ϣҶһеӰ
ҶСˮͰװ˺ܶ쾻ˮܴӺŪʲôȷͰϴһϴ
һˮͣҶСϷŵˮ
Сϣڰߵ㣬ȥҰɡҶͰꡢСڰߵš
СϿٵص˵ͷȻˮǱȥ
СƻùþãҶһʯͷʼҲҶ߱ĿСһʯͷ
ʮֻ֮ˮ桰ˡһСϴˮð
ôСϣҵʲô𣿡ҶӵߣСʵ
СЦ۾ɿص˵ͷһ֣Ҷ֣СϵĴϣȻһĺβ㣬һںҶҲеֵࡣ
ҶһĶͷСӦǻˣϽ͵Сϣ˵Ĳ㣬һЩŹֵĶӡʯӡ׵ȵȡ
СϿҶ˼ΣЦеص˵ͷǱȥ
һᣬСð
ҶˣСŪģһ˶ĹʯͷʯͷҲأںȻûбʴҲֻһȽʯͷѣû̫ô
ҶֻСϼ̣Сһסһͷһöǡ
ЩҶԣûõģܶС˵ЩֵĶҶƴظСϽͺӡʯ֮ʣСϾ
룬Ҷӻۿռóһһöɫ顢ȵȶСһһϣԺȽ̻СЩǱСȥѰ
ʱеãСȥСʱˮš๾ࡱðˮݣСִӺˣСϹȻûЩ߰Ķһ๸ذס
СϣŽˮͰǰذףҶ˷ܵص
СϵĴذףŽˮͰ֮УȻҶָ£ǰذˮϴϴ
ãҶŰذ๸֮ĶϴɾֻڰкһһѩذҶǰ
СͰĿҲذϡ
Ҷ磬ⶫֵǮ𣿡Сգգ۾ʵ
ÿŪʲôöСĵһӦⶫǲֵǮҶֻܵ˵ͷذʱоذ˲ѣҪֶһ㡣
飡ذ׵϶мǿʶ
ذ׵Ҳأձĵط׺˼űʯĵɫذǰ˲Ǳֱģ˳ֹ״зޱȣ͸һ˿Ϣ˲ֱ¡
ǿıϵ
ذ׾ǺöƱȼҪߣ
ϸ鿴һ£ַԱߣС֣ùš
ذ׽ذ
СϣɵòҶӻۿռóö굤ݸСϣСϺܿȫȥҰһͣһĵӡ
Ҷ֣ǳŶӶ굤ССֳһԳʮŶû£֮һСʱܼˣҶȥһŵúܾòꡣ
Сϳ굤ں˷ֱܵڣȻǱ˺ףͷ֮ѰƸˡ
һСʱȥСںѰһ˿£Ǽ˿ϴ֮Ҷȵط֣˿ںôʱ䣬ȻҲһ׶ûУǸ֯һ㣬Ҳ֪ʲô˿֯ģϼҶһ£ӻۿռóڽĵطһ£Ҳ޷Ʒֺ
Ȼ˿ܹĹĸ߼鱦Ҳ˿²鱦ֻǲѣļֵ֮Ʒ鱦ǲߡ
˿¿Сɽһܹſܴ󣬾Ҷ׳һȦҲܴýȥ
СǿޱȣȻҪ·û취ҶҪһ·Ҷϰ·ѵȻ˿´˽ȥ˿ϷǳúҺ
ķȻۿҪһЩҪǣܹסȫ
ĺöһ·еʱܾģ


212 ɫС
·ִ˻ȥһ˸Ҷ棬һǿ˿¡
Ҷ˷ֽܵСϼ굤ҶԿ϶ڤף϶˲ٺö֪̳ܲҶСϼȥѰңԼڰϼ
һΣСںʱе㳤ҶһʯͷϣϸϸػһʱľĸȵȣҶȻһͷ᲻һһʽͽΪʲôɵӿ̺˿ԲʣΪʲô꣬ԸԼںǿ
ԣʽΪ
ҪôðԼںϳ̶ȸߣ
Ҷ룬ܹ֮ںϣΪߵǳƣ˵һƵһĶͬƵʵںϣ
ȻֻҶһЩ룬ҶĹؼӦǶೢںϣͰ϶ȾͻԽԽߡ
ֻϧû㹻õʲôʱӦҸƧ˵ĵطչһ¡
Ϊ棬ҶѾ˵ڣҪһҪ۹̡
ҶʱȫںΧĻ֮Уһɫ㽥ܸ֣ԶԶȥͬǺҹеĵǹ⡣
Ҷÿһֹһ飬תˮʱͻȻ֮䣬ҶоԼһƬ֮УӶȥֻڤһƬ֮һɹɱϢӿ
ԭڤıʣһֶصˮϵˮϵˮ֮󣬾мǿĸʴ
ͣˮϵɢУƮƮȻ󱻷紵ɢȥ
Ҷ̶룬ıʣǽľˮɵģնתͬҲˮʣͬʱҲˣѭ
Ĺ
뵽ҶвһЩǲһ̶֮תԽһЩת
ȻҲֻҶĲѣҶڻû͡
ĿǰҶˮתоţͺһۣ
ֻˮϿգȻһ磬ڤɢҶ߶ˮ£γһֱ׵š
ڤɢǳ˷ˣеϧ
ҶܹתˮЩȫ£ҪȫգȴǺѣΪҶĵɲô
ֱ׵ţҶţĪǻҪɢ
ҪܽŸ£ȳκ鵤ҩЧҪǿ
һ£Ҷֺһ̣
ҶŴֻͣһǸ޴з˳ӿҶǺһ㣬˹˷ºܶ
ЩҶ֮󣬳ҶĵҶĵһɱӿ룬ܿ챻ǴﱻģҪű˵ĸо
չˣҪȥܲˣ
˿ǰ֮о޴ţҶһ̣ٷ֮һû̽ȥ
׼죬ֹͣҶԺеķɵͻȻ˵һǰѷɵǸ֪ʲôγһ޴УܿģҶӯ˷ɵ档
ף
Ҷ֣ԭΪɵֻͷųû뵽ɵ
뵽Ҷ㲻ٱˣǷؾ֮еЩҶ֮󣬷ɵøӿˣһһӿ˷ɵ֮Уֱ׵ʮ֮ڣҶȫ˽ȥ
ɵָֹͣƽ졣
ҶֹͣתˮľѣЩףɵǺ޾֮ôˣǰӵзɵλǰ֪˶֮ڷɵ֮лӴһ֮ҶٶɵԶܱľ
ҶϲѣǰһֱķɵᱻԼ꣬ԺԼҪԺǰѷɵ㹻ĲС
Ҷ׼ڲһͷְСĿɿڴؿԼ
Ҷ磬С̾صʱڵҲû취һӴǿߣһôʱҲпܻᱻűҶȴˣ
ĿУҲ𺳣޷Ҷ壬ܽӴ
ҶεԴʵϲڵķɵ̫ǿˡҶû취ꡢСͣԼʶһķɵˣһҲţɵôʶ
ղյŵɵ֮Ҳֻţ뺣һ춼ûУȫûҪڤɢˡ
ؼģԼʵǷɵҶˮھղһ֮Щͻơ
ҶţֹһСʱ֮Сٴð
СϴģһɫССֻаƴСһֻܹյùЩС棬ͨҲģΪǴڤģҶƻΪǸ̯
ҶСϴɾ֮̽һûСʲôĵطֻգȽСŽ˻ۿռ棬Ժо;
СҲû̵ʲôҶ̧ͷ˿ɫѾˣʱֻգϵջѾҶеǳˡ
ҶŰꡢССһصйԺһɨҩʦֶ
ҩʦ֣ԵǷǳԣǸ˴򽻵ʱ䲻࣬˼ҲΪ
뵽ҩʦֵ˽ҶЩ룬ԼʲôԻرǵģôˣҶ뵽̫ϵһ飬˵̫ϵһǱȽϸģȻϹ޷ᲢۣܶණҩʦӦûǻаġϹ㴫ڸҩʦҲûʲôãΪҲ֮𣡶̫ϵȴҩʦҪġ
ҶҪһ̫ϵڻۿռԺԼʱ򣬿϶õϣǲ̫ϵһҩʦ֣ǳ¼һݡ
ʦʦ֡Ҷеҩڼ˸к
ҶˣҰǰ㶼˵ҩһʱ䣬Ϊʦ˽չҪЩ㡣ҩˬһЦ
ǰҶ벻ףҩȻ֪ԼҲͽʮԪˣȫ԰һ꣬Ϊʲôβ룬ҩһ޶Ů׽ģֻµĵӣҶȴЩȻҩһϲˣе޹أһִϲ


213 ټ
ϲʦ𣡡Ҷĵص
ҶЩҩһ֣ʣµŰɡҩݸҶһǬһݣеҩˡ
ʦһЩ𣿡Ҷʵ
ҩһЦҶϹͷˣеҩΪҲʲôչˣٹʮʮˣô൤ҩҲûʲôãʦ֣ôϽҲˣ㣬δ֮·ܳҪЩҩ
ʦ𡣡Ҷ˵Щʲôȴͷ˵˸ס幫ǣҩĶõļ֮һ
Ҷҩڼ顣
ʦһ飬лõģ˵ʦһЩ棬ʦԿһҶǬｫǱ̫ϵ˳
Ŷʲô飿ҩʵ¼ĵ飬ǲǧ౾֪Ҷģһ
ҩҶӹǱ飬ⱾЩžɣЩͷˣĹ֣ҩ۾һ̫ϵȴûҩ𷭿̫ϵһ飬һ£ǰݣȽϻкƪһЩݣȴҲûʱϲѣһСҵһİһ㣬һ飡Щݱ¼ЩҪܶ࣡Ҷ̫ϵܷΪʦ¼һݣ
ȻԡҶͷҩϲҶҲܸˡ
Ҷʲô飬Ȼʦôˣڼ˹Ҳмֺ档
ڼҲ̫ϵ֪λǰеݣޱȡҩ̫ϵһݸڼ
ڼҲ˿м־ϲӡ
ҩʦȫ̫ϵˣҶ΢΢һЦһԵ
ҩڼһֱСʱȻȴʱ䣬ڼæ˱īʼ̫ϵݽг¼
ʦǼʱǰ֮Ҷҩʵ
峿Ѿ׼ƥ׵ĺʲô飬ϽȥɣǱҪĳУĿ̫һע⣬һЩҪ鷳ҩ
Ҷ룬վȥʼұԺһơ
һȥ᲻⣿ҩĵʵϾƿ𼶵ǿߡ
µġҶЦЦû취ԼѾշƵҩ𣬡һСϵġ
ǺðɡҩҶţ˵ͷ
ҶصԼķ䣬ССϣһǰʼұԺˡ
ʼұԺڵһ
Ƴ˵һֱڿҲȥ󲿷ʱ䶼ڱԺסһ죬ȻȵЩƣֽ˵ҶţͲΣֻʵʵصȴ
Ҷߵʱڽǿ󣬷Ƶˣóϼ¼ĵ伮ǿЩ伮֮ƲŶһĸʱЩ伮ʱŵû궼ûˣھʮҲҶҶκġ
տ˵Ĵ֮Уÿʱỵ̈ƶоһ˫۾ʱ̹۲ԼһԽصĶУҲǱϹϾ
ҶԺ֮Уһɨ㿴Σӣ΢΢һЦоľηܺã֤ƲұԼ
߽֮УϵƾطжҶվҶͨһ£ص£ūŸ밲Щĵص˵ʱЩΪЩ伮ļأܶǷǳб¡ϲŭ޳ģһŭ֮£ѪǧǺ飬ΨԼһСģʲô£ҶһƸĳˡԽÿܵвԽǸоıԽ̰ʱѾ˲ʲôŵķˡ
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ƿСŵҲϽ˿Ҷϵİ꣬Сڤ£üֱСС֮⣬ֻɫèֻצ㣬֪ʲôǵ飬죬ܹߣҲǲԺҪѧ㣬ҲҪֻޡ
վ˵Ҷ
ǡƳϻ̳Ͽֵصԣ֪Ϊʲô˫ЩܾùŸһЩǱ亹ʪˡ
ڿɶˣҶһƣʵ
ǣ£Ѿˣɻ޷εĵӣȫգҲԸڵҩĵūǾԲᱳѵ¡ƵڿǽǰۣǾһΪΪһܹ֪Щ֪ǲѣ
ܺãòҶӻۿռóöϽ񵤣һ֣öϽƯ𣬵öϽ񵤣һţʣĿûúõĵӣֻҪĸ£ǵġҶ׶ʩĵƵ˶ҶΪ£Ϊ̰ƵԶڿ־֮Уһǵᵽһٽ㣬ȵܲסʱǾͲẦˣҶʩҪ֪ԼɣҲǺǰ;ģһϣ
ƽöϽ񵤽ʱм㣺л££ЧңսһˣеĿ־壬ԻһЩҶû˵ЩôбȻֻǱ濴ɲսҶĵޡ
šҶÿɷӦһڻţҲ۶º󣬽֮ҪҪ汾һ֮ء
Ҫ֮أһ£һʣͷǣ͸ϻȥ
²ֻҪڽ֮ؿ֮ǰͿˡҶĵصɽҶЩԶǽڰᵽɽȥԺҶһʲô״ڿҶңҪһټžôȥ̺ƴ˵е鷳ҲǺܶ࣬룬⻹һ飬һЩ˵ֿɽһֲһЩ𼶺ʮ׵ĸפأô
ǣūŻȥͰ졣Ӧ
ҶֽһЩ飬һҶҷʲô״ڽἰʱԮҶҡҶǲڵ˽ɽһɽȵģҶұĸܱ֪Խ֪ҶҾԽȫ
ƽ鶼㱨֮󣬾ͼҴҵظϻˡ
Ҷһлصڤй֮ɫѾˡ
ҶСϼڤѰһ·׵˿ʳ㣬ûбķ֣ҶҲǳˣԭǼ˿·׵ĻһӣһϣʮмǿķƷ鱦ڵĵһмǿжãǰһܵҲٵ߳ɣ𼶵кǿЧƶ𼶵Ҳһļá
һ·Σյʱ漸ʾܴϺܶ࣬һԱȼʮϽ񵤸мֵҶĸ˷ܣǷһʺơ
賿΢΢ʱҩۡ顢ҶСһˣڼ׼й¼̫ϵѧϰͲȥ֮ˡ


214 ֮
ʮ֮֮
֮˵֮ԴԶж½һ̻֮Ƶ춼̻ᣬǧǰңʱ춼̻ĵһȨ߶θɺֻ֮ڿصһξ֪õһʼʵ֮󣬳һҵͷԣ֮ʢһֽкĿʯ̺֮ߵʱһǼĹҿƣ˽µ˵һͰȻʼķ֮·
ʮȥθɺһǿߣ˽ױ鼰½춼̻ᣬĲƸǸɵйڸһΰĳǳأ֮ʱǼθɺĲƸθɺƿµ֮սǺǼʼδյĶθɺһ£춼̻Ὺʼټɱ֯Ǽȫ濪սһʱ½ɱ֯ȫӿǼǼ֣֮Ӵһ겻Ϊһū۵С壬֮֮
֮չǿ󣬴˺ܱߵһЩҶð֮ˣʱƣ춼̻ⱻθɺԽԽ󣬱鼰½ܱ߹ҵóϵҲΪܣһЩ̻춼̻ˣҲפ֮֮شٽܱ߼ҵóף۹ɹȶ½ǿ֮ĺô׷ԼĹڲһأ춼̻ҵ˽롣
ǧȥ֮춼̻ģѾ֮ǧ֮ȴδ˥ܹǸΪó֮ƽ𡢾ȵȣҪó׻ңֻҪǮʲô򵽣̵Ůū鱦ҩһЩΪǿޣߣһЩҵĻʺһҹֻߣһЩǿ㣬ʲôݣֻһͨˣ
нǮϣԱκǿߣǹҵĵ֮ܵ춼̻ҵֹ׷ɱ
ܱ֮߷Բǧ춼̻ƿ֮УϽһбɱҶһаȻصִ֮֮󣬲ͨš
ҶеԾǣǵ𼶵ǿߣ𼶵ǿ߾ȻĿ˸п
һν֮Ҷظܵķֻ֮һСǣǼ۹۶ĵضΣֻ֮֮Ҳ磡
׿ĽֵȻȫûƽ̾Ͷɣߵĵ̣ҲüľϽ죬׺ֱʯԿܶ฻̺ųȺӵӣ洦ɼ۹ĵһЩҵļżҲῴһЩеǿߡ
һ磡
춼̻Ȼûƽ̵أΨֱ˲֪ǵĲƸһ㣬룬ܹģȫǺ޼֣ȻȡЩƽ𣬶һȽҪǣ֮춼̻ĶĿЩƽڵϺܰȫ
Ҷ磬϶ǻƽҮڻȥööˣС
СΧ·˶ͶɻĿ⣬ڵϵĻƽҲ±ץ
۸ϽסССЩƽ춼̻ģڣ˿ᱻץġ
Сգһ۾Ƕһ˵ͷ
ۼС㲻˵ʲôˣСһ仰ȴһġ
͵͵ںòãСҶֵߵߵص
ССĻ￴˿Сֿ˿ҶЦ۲ͣصͷ
С˵ܴԶȫװʮ׸ּĳСĻȫ˹ǶûκζģĿˣֻҪСĶڵϵĻƽǲð˵ġ
צһĶͷСˣ͵ЩƽҲûҪ˵ôԼûн̺
ҶֻεؽСЩƽǲܶġ
ʱҶͻȻоһɨԼȺˣҲ֪ʲôطģҶͷһ֮ȻҲǿ˰СϵҪ̽һ£
Щ޵ĻкüʦģоһԼ˹Ҷüë΢͸ꡢССϰ棬ǼһҶ꣬Ǳȵŵèһ㣬ವһѸٵ˻ȥ
Ҷֻ꣬峺ԼͰϬû˵û뵽ȻһЩޡ
޻αȽѣʱҲ̣ȻСǸ⣬߽ǣģ׵ػΣȺм䡣֪ЩʲôĪҲһЩ鱦ҩ֮Ķȥ
ЩǱ֮ӦòԼˡ
ǰ濴ȥԶһ޴УǱС
᲻Ҫȵſʼ𣿡Ҷʵ
һԵҩЦЦȷʵҪȵſʼǰǸУרŽһЩͶƷϵģͬʱҲո챦ﳣ꿪ÿ춼û춼̻뺯ƵˣֻڳĴ£ܽС
ԭҶȻص˵ͷ춼̻ξеᣬһ챦Ҳͨģǲ֪ύ׳Щʲô
Ȼǽȥɡ۵
һ˳ȥһʯףһ·׵ĸߴеſվʮɫеЩٶʮ׵ģһӣϴģҲϡڤףɴ˿ɼ춼̻ʵЩ˵֮һ𼶵ĸֻ
Ҷʯףһе߹Ҷ΢΢Ϲʾ⡣
Ŀˣû춼̻ƣǸʵ΢Цʮǫӣ˿̹
ҪƣÿһƲܽȥҶʵֻһƣѵҪһһƣܽУ
Ŀˣ춼̻ƷΪ졢׺Ͱɫûƣֻڴ뽻ףΪ˿ǵİȫǵ˸ţƣǻᰲŰ䣬ƳߣǻᰲһС䣬׵Դ󣬰Ļᰲһ䡣ƶԴѽ룬ֻһС䣬ô˿ܻԵЩӵڲμʵ̫ˣλɵĲ㣬½⡣Ǹ˿Ҷ˵
һųơһԵҲ춼̻Ͽͻˡ
Ҳһųƣ簲СɡҩǬóһơ
ƣǸ΢΢Ϲ⣬ǫصĿˣʲôҪҲʱԸǡ
һ¡Ҷסҩۣô˶£ɼǸжС÷ֳС䣬Ҳ̫鷳ˡ


215 𼶵Ĵ
ôˣҩعͷ
ʦҲһƣǻǻһİɡҶӻۿռｫǿ鰵˳ⰵҲ֪ʲôģڡ
Ȼǰƣ
ۺҩһǿ֪ⰵζʲôһ鰵ƣζŸ춼̻Ľ׶ѾﵽǧϣȻ׶ﵽǧ򼶱Ҫ밵ҲǺܲ׵ģ춼̻Ϊ㹻ǿǱܹΪδҪĽ׻飡
ҶҸ춼̻ᣬֻһεĽ׶ʹﵽǧϣһЩĽ׶Ҫ࣬ҶҸ춼̻ǩ˹̶Э飬ԺÿĽ׶ٻﵽǧϣ
ǰ£춼̻һԸ鰵ƣ
춼̻½Ҳַʮ鰵ƶѣӵЩƵģûһǶһž½ĳڣ
ⰵƣҫ
Ҳѹۺҩ𾪣УҶݶ˼صɫʡҩû뵽Լͽܣô򵥣ѹ׿еɻҶļҸõʦʵ̫ˣΪʲôͶ뵽أе벻ףҩתһ룬ҲͨˣʲôģˣͿˣҲͼҶʲô
ǸҶȻóһ鰵ƣøӹǫüΪǫĿˣǽ߳ΪκҪǶܵ
һóⰵƣ̬һӾͱˡ
˵䣬ʮ˿ȹİ͹£Ů˳࣬һ̺˹רͨǰĵϡ
ʲô𼶵Ĵ
һ˳ȥ;ЩŮ׷׾ϹҶҪǣҲǶȻܾܾġ
ھƬ̵֮ҲƽһЦҶĸȻҶĵλ˼֣Ͼһ֮Ҳ˾ͰͽҶǰͽ᲻ġ
ҩۣû׷Ҷİôġ
ʯĹͨ߹һȣҶ˽һ֮ڣƽףΪʮˣݻʵΰڷȻǾĲùģǽҲһЩװΣǰһܴ͸ˮؿĴˮĴܿ棬ȴ棬ҲͨС;ʦ˵
ܿأϰڷ˸ֳʳһʦǻƵͼ
λĿˣʲôҪҪıʱкǣǻñеʦǽǢ
ССڿķϴֿǸҶҩۻа꣬ǷЩͼ
ͼϣһͼǽĶͼᣬῪʱҪĶ䱦һһУƷϵĵҩƷ鱦Ҳϡ϶಻ʤʮȻûϸܣͼҲǿհף˲
춼̻ᣬǺܻչ˿ģֲܽ鲼½
Ҷ켴ƷһƷ鱦ļ۱ܴﵽǧǾĵҲһǿƷ鱦۸ܹﵽһֲ֣
ǰǧҶҵһ䱦ǵ֮󣬲ŷ֣ô㶫ĲʲôЩҡ̻ᣬĽ԰ƣ
룬۹½Ҷ㲻ϣֿҲһСƫԶأҶֻһСòСңǰԼǾ֮ܣ
ҲֻЩаƵĳڣּı
ҶһԼĻۿռ䣬ۿռܹҲֻ࣬аʮ¼Ʒ鱦ҲͳˡȻҶǲȥЩ鱦ģҶĻۿռĶɱЩöˡҶԼǮһƷ鱦Ҫʲôö۵ĻᶼûУ
Ҫ֪Ҷ뷨۹Ҫײǽˣ۹Ļʼұ˴룬˺ܶҵŴճһѣЩͼᣬƷ鱦û̫ˣעЩԽϺõĶƷ鱦ϡţҪҪͨϽ񵤣ȡ鱦ƷţһЩᡣ
ҩ𣬿ĶһЩϡϡ
֪Լ㼸Ʒ鱦öصĺɫ飬ӡ𻤱ۡСȵȡܶ౦ﻹ֪;ϱô࣬Ҷ۹Ҳ͸ˣԱҲЩˣһıﻹ벻ķֻۡԼҪĶ汦Ҷµ˼
Ҷȥʦһһ䴸һһߡ
ģһԭʯʦߣһĸԸеŮ˫һ̣ʦĺ첼¶һںʯͷһƷʵĺԭʯԾʮһɽɫмӲмƷϲλҪһ𣿡
漫ַֺܶ𣬱׳ϵϵϵģԭʯϵĸʼƷʷ棬ַΪʮ࣬ܿһϵֵ䣬һҹ롣
뿴ﻹѾ¶һ˿⣬ʯʦƣԭʯټֵǧϡ
˻ǧܶ˶һ
ҶԭʯҲһЩ棬˵춼̻ǿ䷢ҵģмĸã֪ʲôһֶҶ곯ǿԭʯ˳ȥ
Ҷ껹δǿԭʯ᳡һЩ̸
֪˻᲻֡
Ҳ֪ʲôῪʼڣѾ¼ʮˡ
ܹģ򵥣һǮ۸񳬹ǧǾͲˡ
Щ˵̸ҶҲЩȣﲻ֪ʲôˣ괥˺ԭʯһϤĸоҶ͵һ
Ǻ䣿ôϢһģһ
ĪǺǻ
ԣǻǾԶԶֵֻǧհ˵зֻĿɽϹŵʱ㱻һգĿɽҲǺܶطС
Ҷһ£뵽ԭʯڲտʼʱ򣬷һĨ⣬֮ĶûûˣҪԭʯֻ¿
һֱԭʯĺĴܵһĨϢиӵô̫СˣûҶöӴ󣬲׹֮ĶҲǴ´ࡣ
ôСһ񣬱Ǽֵǣ
ҪǱ˵ɺ֮Ķǵÿɣ


216 
ʯûбˣܹһЩʯֻǱȽٶѣܶ඼Ŀ󣬱֮γ˰
ô໨ǮҲһҪ£壬ûˣ
ҶţͻȻܵһǿĻϢǹɻϢҲڲ̽ԭʯҲҶ΢΢һ١ҶϽԼ˻һҲѸٵ˻ȥ
ҵ죬زһǿ
ô
ҶٸľҺ˫ȻһЩӴҶǸûз׷٣Զ֪Էġ
ʵҶǴɺϣᣬʱһЩαװμӣȡһЩͨļǷǳСģΪһվߣҲΪǸͨˣȫ棬ױֻ֮󣬲Żᷢǵڣ
Ҷоһ˿ҲڿԼֻܹ򶨣װ鿴ԭʯ֮󣬽˻
ǵû׷ٹҶоԼĵⲢǺܴ֮ҲˣǸ϶ԼҲһͬ۷ǿߵĴڣһ£ǸûҪԼ
һֻҪǸͻӦö󡣲֮治ܾôһԼðģǸ㶯һָͷԼ
ǸӦҲ񣬹ƻֽߣ
ҶţˣԼͲˣһһ˳ͻǾ鷳ˣ£Ҷ൱ǵġ
¥´Ӽ˷ܿ챻еǧ
Ҷ֣Щм۵ˣ֪ͨ࣬Ǹ룬ݣи춼̻İӦòѣӦҲ棿
ǧẰۡ
ĪǾǸ᣿
ǧپ·˼Ӽۡ
ǧپӼۡ
Ҷе㿴ˣȻԷ˻ΪÿֻӼһپݣαںֱӼӵһͺˣ
Ҷ˵ݣǿҵĺģǺĺèҶվǰ಻ס곯˹ȥֻһۣҲûʲôԷӦò׷ٵԼ
һԵҩ۸̶̵֪Ƭ̾Ȼô飬ǶĺԭʯһȤûУֻרעоͼᣬССˣҲʲôܣֻа۾Լ¶һ˿ġ
ҶѾ⣬꿴һڷյӣеµĶ
̫СҲǲУηԼĵҶһŰ֮ڣܿأ㿴ŰŰյģֻеһˡ
ˣҶޱϤǾ幫Ҷ
幫ɨȷʵ幫죬幫ȻҲ֮
˸ԼȻ幫ڵᣬڵĵط룬ҶҶҸ춼̻Ὠ˺ϵҶźľȱһЩʵĶ鱦֮࣬Ҷҵĵӻ̫ˣ
ҶͷЩͼᣬ૵ЩƷ鱦Ʒ鱦ҲԾһ£Щ似ǺöҶ׵۾ͨһôûУȱһЩ似һЩϵ似ȥоо˵ܴʺϼ似
֮ҶѾ˲ٶҲһЩƷ׼Ὺʼ֮
˵ţһҶ૵صԭʯļ۸Ѿ̫ˣȻ棬ļ۸񣬻ȥһ䣬ûҪԭʯһһЩʯӣ̫ˡ
˵ҶǮˣҶҲû˷ѣСĵغǿԭʯļֵֻ֪ǣԭʯ棬ȻһֻһС飬ҲǼֵǣ
۸ӵһǧ·Ȱһ˳ļۣҶ֮󣬱㲻ټӼˡ
ҶɨǸᣬһ𼶵࣬ɻǸΪһֱûмӼۣ룬ĪǶԷĽԭʯøԼ
һǧһΣһǧΡʦ˵ţͻȻֹסǱ߿˿
ᣬҶڵİᣬҶˣܲĪһȼӼ˵ǸҪ֣Ǿøˡ
˰ɣЩ˵һ㿪ֻҲǿģɴֱһأǮ˹ȻǷӣ
Ҷ֮ͻȻļ۸񣬾Ҫ̽ǸûҪֵ˼һ˸֪ԭʯлΧҲûޣҶǻ˼ӼۣǱȻǸɣ
һΣΣΣǸʦһɽ
Ǹһֱûг֣
Ҷŵ˵أͬʱҲǰٰɻǸȻ˻Ϊʲô֣Ϊ˵ʲôҲ԰ԣӦҲһֻǲôˣļ۸񣬿϶׬ģ
ĪǸҲŸԼͬ뷨ûҪΪһ񣬶ǵһͬȼǿߣ
Ҷ˼⣬ֻգȻҶֵܱ̫ӣȻԷΪԼǺ۸ģ㲻һҲҪװƲУ
ⳡᣬûʲôֵԼעĶ
֮һʱҶûٲǸĻǸʧһ㣬ҲټҶأˣһһ
ҪҪȥһ幫룬ҶͷһԼѾˣðȻȥ幫ֻ幫Σպ鷳ǲˡ
Уɽ˼ʮûҶеģһ߽ԭʯ˽ҶҲ֧
Ҷԭʯֻǿˡһϧصԭʯ㿪ֻҲδֵܼļ۸񣬻ֱȥһ䡣
Ҷֻ֪ѣЦЦԭʯһ
Ŷ΢΢ͷȻˣҲͲ˵ˡ
ҶԭʯŽ˻ۿռ棬Ȼȥٰѻ񿪳׹֮ĶҲ
һСʱȥ˳һЩò˵ʳԼɫ㣬ǲСѾ˲֪ˡ
һ֪Ϳλ۹ˡʦ˵Ҷע⣬֪ĶҶϲ֪Ķˡ


217 ľ
Ů̧һ޴˽
ʦƿϵĺ첼֮ϣȻһĥ̴СĿľ
᳡һƬһľȻҲ
԰꣬ľһҩɽ﷢ֵģ֪ʲôľͷûмʦľˣôһһٽأĿǰûзʲô̫ãֻǸоһЩϸ΢ľϵԼһͨľ龧ľϵһİǸʦ͵ļۣپ
᳡Щľͷֻ൱һͨľ龧һͨľ龧ҲֻپľͷȻپ᲻̫ˣҲ֪ľͷļֵãĿǰΪֹûʲôϲղ֮Ǯ˻ǺܶģȻЩǮ֮ҲпֻǷڲֿȥ
һľͷãҶһǿľͷɨ˹ȥľͷͨľͷȷʵûһֻǱݶϵģǸöϣⲿһЩڵĺۼǱչһ㡣
ҶɨľͷʱûǸĻԷѾ뿪ˡ
˲٣Ҷϸع۲ľľϣȷʵɢһЩľϵǲ࣬ͼľڲҶȵط֣ȫЧ
Ȼ޷룡
ľͷʲô죿
Ҫ֪εģ
ڤһҶԽڤĺˮڤĺˮƸʴ꣬Ҷ겻ҽ룬ǿнĻǿԵģֻǻȽϱҶѣҶ꣬Ȼȫ޷ľͷڲ
֮䣬챦Ҷ±жһҪľͷ£ľͷǺãҲ
پ˳ˣȰһ˳ġ
پ
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۸ʼľ󲿷˶ûжľͷоۣǸȤҲǲ٣жʮ˵ӣľļ۸һ·ǵǧҡ
ǧ
ǧ
ǧ
һһ˳ۣſľļ۸˳ԽԽ࣬Ҷ۸һ·ӵҲû˸ҶˣԾ󲿷˵һʲС֣һЩңҲòһ£ļ۸ȥһľǲֵá
һᣬе߽ľҶ˽ס
ۺҩЩɻһЩĺöҶһֱûг֣ȴóߵļ۸һԭʯĪһľͷ˷ѽ⡣ǵ۹⣬Ҳǿľʲôá
ľͷȷʵܳˣҶľϣ۲һ£ϿͨľͷȷʵûʲôֻһЩľϵɢϸ΢ͨľ龧ࡣ
ľͷȷʵЩأҲֻЩضѣЧͨľ龧۸һľͷɢ
ҶƬ̣תڵľһ͸ģҪ̽һҶĴľʱ򣬿ľϴһɾ޴Ҷε棬ڵľϵ˳ѸٵӿľͷС
ҶʧɫϽֹͣתľϵľϵһɣڽֳ˿ľͷľϵ
֪ΪʲôݸɵľͷϣҶȻܵһ˿̧ͷһҩۣǺûз֣ľͷѾʧȥȤ
ҶЩ룬룬ﲻǵطȰľͷȵ˺ʵʱоɣľս˻ۿռ䡣
Ҷûκն񣬲ҶȴǲʱسۣʮǿǿҶʵġ
磬е˰ҶסиĿջ档
ҶͰסһ䣬ķ䣬ɫӦоУҲǼΪССסһ䣬ҩ۸סһ䡣
Ҷоջס൱ĸ֣𼶵ġ𼶵ģʦĻ
һ£ûҵǸʦޱԼסˣûҶ
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ҶȻɻȴҲ޷ѯʣ֮սɡ
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ΨһķǽϻʨѱԼĻޣͬʱԼʵøǿҪﵽΣܽ
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ʱܹˡͨʨĻҶһݣϽһڵôͨʨɡ
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Ҷ΢΢ףÿɷӣ֪ԼߵһǶǴԼܲһֱװȥţ취ȫ뿪֮
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ʨҪæֱκһ춼̻ĸˡͨʨóһɫƣݸҶȻ־ԼĻЩףȻԸµʵЩˣҲֻһЩȵĻƣ¼Ȼ磬϶಻㣬ǶԴ͡
ҶͨʨнӹǿƣƲ֪ʲôģ̣貹âؿͨʨʵ춼̻ʨĲҵò˵ҶǼΪ𾪵ģ춼̻ᣬǿ½ǿ̻ᣬ鲼½أ춼̻ĻˣȻǰʨ
֪춼̻ҵģǧǰûҵ֧֣θɺǸСӣܽӴ̻᣿ʨͷı鼫Ϊƽ춼̻ᣬ۹һ˻۹ŵеڡڤڶǱҿƣдʨǱƾµȡ
Ҷָô棬û뵽ͨʨӴ󣬾Ȼƿôʶˣôһںڵӣζʲôȴǵ˵Ҫʲô


222 ̫ϳ
ͨʨƬ̵ϻʨһ壬ϻʨһȱΪʨ棬壬ֻʣ¸һˣûʸҪʲôǣһ֮롣
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ҶЩȥͿԴһϢˡ
ͨʨעҶı飬΢΢һЦԼĲ²˾Ųʮٸ泩
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ʨ֪Ǻ·ҶʵܹʨƵýڽڰˣҲǲ򵥡
֮䣬ðȻÿһʵңÿһζǹͬˣҲǵĶ֡ҲԶԶʨͨʨЩյصûһǿı˫ȭѵ֡
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֮ڣ翣ӰΣܹܵĴڵģģ޴ڡҶ˵˵Լһʱĸ򣬵ȻʨĹϵûôãĶҲΪǳҶ֪ǣеļ仰Ѿͨʨһȫµ磬ͨʨУĵλٲȻһǳߵĳ̶ȡ
ʨԸΪ̫ϳϣ¿Ը⣿ͨʨСѯʵκ޷ĵ˷ܡ
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223 
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ټƷ֮ҵķΧ֮нҲ˳ȵĿ󷽵Ĵ
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224 Ҷɽ
ۺҩգнԶ𾪲ѣµĶҶ׽ͽֵܼﵽ˽ʮǸźŰļһǺʮ۾գգ˳ȥ۹һЩңҲû취
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225 ڤ
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ǵ𼶻ǵʦֻ޶ʮ׶ԲԣҸоëˡҶҲ֪Լ˵ˣ΢΢죬ϣؿҶ
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ʦޣҶսһսֱ˽Զһҵү
ʦ֮ϲʦ
ʦ൱һ𼶸֣һ۷׷ף񶼱ˡ
𼶰Ǹ޷ľ磬˵ŵҲ𼶵ĸ֣У𼶸ǼֱĴڡ
ΪڵʲôˣҶսһʵ
ǵѯҶΪ׷׿Ҷ
ڰɡҶĻӦǿԸ𶥷ԿˣֶҶǲ˵ġ
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Ҿ˵Ҷ϶ͻˣ
ϲҶ磡һһǷ׷׺ص
Ҷս졢ҶսҲϲ̵ġ
츳žޣΪĽչȷʵҵܹ֮󼰡ҶսЦ̾
ˣҶҵҪúһǣҶս
죬ҶҲ֣һֱҶİ꣬ھȻβ֪ͣβͶèζʲôǲû
ʦޣĸģǵǿЩ߽޻ҶսһԵŽëֱ֡
ʦޣ֮ġҶģҲһֻʦ޶ѣҪֻ͵ÿܲˡ
֮᣿幫Ҳȥ֮ڶûҶս첻ɵЩˡ
ģٶȿ϶ȻҪϺܶ࣬幫Ӧû·ϣ˰ɡҶЦЦ֪һ£ͻȻ֮䣬ҶһЩõĸоף幫һЩ鷳ȥȥ
Ҷ˵꣬Ű˽ĺ󱳡
ҲȥСҲ˽
鷳ˣҶսһüͷԭҪһ£ҪҪȥ룬ҶǿʦޣȥҲﲻæ
СͲȥˡҶսһԵһС޸ȥʲôǲ
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˶Щѽ⡣
ʱһֻһεضֱĿ磬Χ˵վȣ㱻ɳȥ
幫鷳ҶҲ˲ˣֻشߴٽ
ϱ߷ɳ۶ȥ
Ҷ֮ǰžҪɽؽˣϾҪصҶˣҶΪɣ˲ٺö
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ӹͻȻ֮䣬౼ҶԶȥֻһСʮֻķޣųΣǰӹЩ޵ͣÿһֻȻѷɫ
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ڤٶʮ׵ޣЩȼߵģܽʦʦ
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Ҷʧɫ߶롣
ЩڤԽԽҶ֣濴ȥǶӻڤ󲿷ֶһʮ׵ޣͷһֻ͸һЩǵʦģٶҲԳ˺Щͨڤ
һӻڤӦֻ·û뵽ȴˡ
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ҶڵɽԽԽԶҶǸؿһۣȻһЦû뵽һγУ
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ౣһ㣬лһеøˡ
ڷ޵УѾȽϴˣֻɽĻڤȻҪܶ࣬۾ĵĹɵ˻Ͽա
ಡһֻ޴Ļڤ񸩳£ץȥ
ɣҶתϵ׽֮У͵سֻĻڤȥ۵һ׽צϿһֻڤצѪͬѪһ㡣


226 ձˣ
һ񶯳͵һξ롣
Ʒ鱦׽൱ģȻն˵ʦޣҶڤ񸩳ɵľ޴ײ˳ȥ岻䣬ǻҲͨԣ͵һ³Ҷסټɡ
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ĪЩڤµֻֻӦþ֮ϳֵֻˣûΪûлˣû뵽ȴǱԼ
Ѿձˣ幫ǻȥɡҶص
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Щ⣬ҶԴҲ벻ͨ׽һ֮Ҷĺ档
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СҶֻ˵Ǹ¶ûиҶСıһߡ
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Ȳ˵ЩˣףǸϿȾֻڤɡҶߵֻڤͷߣһ˿óһöڤͷιȥ
Ҷս˸Ͻкˣֻڤ˿ڣǿ֪δЩڤ񽫻ΪҶҵҪս֮һһֻʧ
˿ʼæµЩڤԹԵվԭأŸԵëһҶҵҲЩڤһȫΧ£شǡ
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Ҷ֪̽ЩڤԺЩڤΪҶ֮󣬻ԸظҶṩһЩϢ
ЩڤԺУҶõһЩѶϢһӻڤһ֧Ѳ߶ӣ۹Ѳߣ֪Ѳ߶ӣҶͷһ
ʧһӻڤ񣬻᲻׷鵽ɽ
֪֮̽ҶԼ̫ˣΪӴͳ˧޲壬ҲƬѲߵķޣгǧ֮࣬һЩСĪʧٻǸҲ⣬׷
ЩڤԺ֮УҶʶĿ£ǵǿޱȣѹʨҲڽڰˣ̡ͣ
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Ҷֻ˰꣬ܣƬط㽫ۿռһ˳ȻǴǸľͷ
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Ҫľϵܴ߶Ҷתľͺһܱߵľϵ£ҶھҲѱľϵ
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228 ӡӡ
֦ҶïþһɡƬƬҶ֮䣬Ȼһѿߣ̬𻨵ĻмƣͨѩףܶѿƬ֮䣬㿪ʼţһķҷɢ˿֮С
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峤ôˣһʵ
˻˵ıʼ֮ҶҴ⣬ֿܶʱǵо綾Ҫ²Уʵе̫ˡ
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ȷ޲ӦҶһԼ̫ˣǿôȻж֣Ǳضĳľˡϸ۲һҶ׼ɼһЩǿľҶоһһǷ̺ҩԡ
ûˡҶӻֵ
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Ҷһֱûоľҩľļӳʮ޵ӣ޷֮ĵҩҶͻ꿴Ϊͨȷľء
ҶʼվãľãȻֹڴˣʵ̫ǿˣۿľֲٶȣҶô
ϸ֮ҶľǰعҲҶңø׺幫һЩʺľľϻһЩľϵ֪ľϵǲǴ档ҶŭɽӡضԼʽ似Щ޸ģĵøʺҶȻ䳡ڸǡ
Ծ쳽ս룬ҶףΪʲôԼ׵޸似쳽ѧܸ٣ݺֻᣬͿǬڵЩͼ似иĶ
ǬصģȻƷ似ͨ˵Ƿǳ˲ˣǶھ쳽˵ʵ΢
ҶԺеķɵԪǰĴﶼ̾ѣ
֪쳽Ǻ쳽ˣѧǴﵽ˷ǳ˵裬ȻǷܹ󼰵ġ
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ŽҶңҶĸοھ鷨һ˳źһ·ǰߣɽһ⣬ǽæµţЩڴаԳɷľͷЩ˽ɼ֥˳һЩרŸ
һ׼ȫľֲ֣֥ʳҶѾʳˣҶսҶս۳ɹз޻Ǭ仹ǱȽϷġ
Ҷս졢Ҷ˵ĹƣһڣɽֵԴﵽĿǰϣʱ֥ĲҲһ̨ס
ˣҶҶ΢ЦѲӣߵĽȣҪһˡҶսһߣҶ֮Ҳ˹
ţ幫ҹҶЩæµǡ
Ҷܹн죬ǰ󡣡ҶԶĿԶдصڰ֮ǰ˭뵽Ҷһнյٹ⣿
ֵľʵ棬ĻԽԽ࣬ɽﲻߵģŵһ㡣Ҷս߹ﻹż֥Ц˵
һע⵽񡢻ڤ֮ķޣľΪעʱľϿСҶ˵һֱѵڤ񣬹۲쵽Щ޵쳣ٶ
Ҷ֪һ£񡢻ڤȫ֪ǿľǺǵıǶǿľΪ׽ɻľΪλЩǲĸо
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šҶͷȻҲһЩᣬһЩҪ
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׼ʲôʱߣҶʵҶսһҲһЩ˸УУҶͬһ㡣
⼸ɡҶʱ䣬ҲѾ˽ˡ
һȥ׼һҶսĬƬ̵
ײˣҲҪʲôҶҡҡͷÿγУ幫ҪΪԼ׼ܶܶණճ趼׼ȫףЩȻûʲôôȴ̺ŨŨ飬ů⡣
⣬һЩǱҪġҶսһЦ
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˵ɣҶңڿҶսЦ
ס幫һöӡҶӡöһһСҶöӡСǸӡöҶö˲٣ӡ
ӡϻʨӡ棬ǷҲǿޣ
ӡڸҲȫȲ̽һӡʲôޣǷƷӡǰУ
Ҷսһ£ҶҪӡʲôӡûκãҶҶԣҲֻһЩˣҶһöӡӡһʧˣڲýǣҶҶҼҪӡҲ޿ɺǡ
ҶҼöӡȻӦ㱣ܣȥӡҶսͷ


229 ӡ
ײΪҪӡ𣿡ҶʵΪҶս׷Ϊʲô
㣬ôĵҶսЦЦҶΣҶΪпصѾˡһۣǸ۵ĻŸոѧ·Ҷһˡ
ΪҪӡӡƺûκôһԵҶҶս콫öӡҶֻĸкɻӡڲ⣬汲ִƼ֮˶ϸоӡãȴûκη֣Ҷڼ䣬ҲԹҲǲ֮
ӡãҲֻ֮СҶһ£ֻ̯֣һصķӡתֻҶĵϿգӡȻ֣ʡ
ҶҰӡӡϻʨ˵ҶսҶġ
Ҷս졢ҶԶ󾪣Ҷĵطӡʲôôܴٻӡ
Ҷ΢ֻϵӡȼܵϻϻ֮У̺ȵƺܽһɴ
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ҶĿⶨؿöӡӡӡӡƽƽ棬ټ￴ʯͷһЩµĵ񻨣ζڵҲŲתټ͸Щʯͷ·ԽʱգԶһƬ貵ǿգ˸ÿһǣոԵĹתޱȡ
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˼άҶϡԼ֮ǰӡӡͷųһ˳ȥȻʲô֪ˡ
һڵ״ϾϣüΪأ֮ľŸǼ΢߰ɢǿտҲ
ǹȻǿӡҲӡޣޱϻʨֻǿ˲ֹһǰ㣡Ҷǿžʹش߶Ժеķɵɵһ˿˿ЩУ̺һ˿˿º͵Ҷ壬š
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231 ڤĹ
ɵֹգҶҶսҲµ߶ˣȻΪʱ޷ȫָȴҲûдˡ
ֶһٿһᣬҶҶս졢ҶƻָԭƲҵգֱϲ
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ӡӡҶͷ΢ͼͻƽӡӡ֮ʱ˿µ޺֮ҸܵԶźľһϢǹͻȻͷŶҲܿܵġ֪ӡ棬źޣҶȷֻޣԶϻʨҪǿö࣡
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濴ȥɭïܣʯ
ӦþǸס幫˵ĲڤĹˣ˵ͨ˸̤㡣Ҷڽϣڿ·ïܣм˲ޡ


232 ڤ
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СǰһԾԾԵӣȻǱ߼Ϊ棬СƺǸܵСе˷ܣͣ趯ǰ֣Щ㵸ӡ
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Ҷϡ֪̽ԼһЩ죬Ҫڲĵش֮ʱǱһĤ棬Ҷ޷֪̽档
ڲӦǱĳλ֮һЩƣ޷̽
ΧһЩȵֻ̽ȵߵĳڷһ̳Щ̳ܷʮãҲ֪˶ٸͷЩ̳鱦̳ĲʣһЩƷ鱦ǲ̳һĻңһ˻濴ʲô⡣мɢһЩĶƷĳ֮Ķкܶ඼ģЩʲôأпڼΪƽ
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ĺڰ֮УһЩɫĻ⣬Ǵ˵еĹ
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һȵһĴ֮ǰǲ̽ۿʱȻҶĪ𺳣⴦Բף˸߼ʮף֮аڷ˺ܶΣ룬һ´
ЩζǳĸߴÿһѶ׸ߣֻҪ׵ľˣȥĳǳʮףҲʮס
ķǽںʹ˲ŸֱڻڻƺǽڤḶ́ԼһЩͼ
ЩĴ֮УʳΪޣһЩ;޴ʵǿޣҲǾǲʳЩǾƬç֮УΪǿĴ֮һƬ֮зϢֱһ죬ջҰѽ٣һȵľ޴ħʼһУľЩħ֮˲ή֮ɺԣһƬ񤡣
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Щڻ̺ͬĳصҶһɨ·Ƭç֮УһеԼ߻һȭͷܹһֻµޣ׿ԾǲҪͬһǿǿߣҲ޷ЩƥС
ҶУЩȥûЩ˵ϥǡ
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ڻ֮У͸¶ĲɣԶǸ֮á
޾ʱգ·𶼱Щڻ֮С
ҶһԼЩڻ˰ꡣ
СҶĺ棬ȴરֱĵӡ
СôˣҶͷСɻʵСЩڻ֮󣬲֪ΪʲôͻȻúġ
ҿööһߣǶЩ˸ԵˣұԭӣǴ򲻹ǡСҶ磬ҵǲǶЩ˳Եˣֻʣһˣ
СرˣղСûбر尡ҶȻСǽǷڻĻþ֮Уͬ˿ڻľȻͬޱȡ
СˣӦþЩϹֵˣС䣬Ѿˣһߣжôǿ󣿲ЩߣȻֻЩ˵ʳѣҶеᵽЩ˵ǿ
СЩõĳ㲻Ҫ档Ȼ֪ģԺлᣬҶһҵǵġҶֻܰοС
šС˵ͷĨĨᣬСȭͷýģҪǱЩ˳ԵģһҪøǿЩˣ


233 ʯ
Ӵ
˽ŲС˼£سǰӡ
꣬㿴ʲôҶʵ԰꿴ĳҲ˼ֺ档
ǰ㣬㿴ʲôСҲʵ
֨֨ؽл˼
˵һֻʮβ͵ľ޴èϮ˾˵Ĵ䣬ҧ˺ܶˣǴ֮ܵˡСתĻһ˫۾ϴ󣬡ԭ
ҶҲЩ𾪣ʮβ͵èԭèһܳʮβڣѾˡֻʮβèȻҧ˺ܶˣǼһǶôǿ
˿꣬Ҷ𺳣Īһ죬Ҳܵ־
룬ƺ΢Сֻʮβèǻ˲֪ܴ꣬ﵽ־ģȻʮβֻͣҲҪ£ܴﵽֻʮβèľ硣
Ĵһȵ⸽ûжٻˣԶѾңңˡ
ǰһƬտһˮأˮ֮УȻʢɫЩɫΪ£ͬһ㣬˸žӨĹͤͤŮ
û뵽Ȼղ鿴ʱ򣬾Ȼûע⵽Ҷĸоȵصֳ︡һЩϣҩԽңһԣðкͣƵҩƼְƷϵĵҩ
ҶĻۿռһɹ˵ĺҩݣ˶˺ܶ࣬ȴһ䣬ɼⶫ൱ġ
ꡢСȥ䣬õĶϣȥҶѾ̽ܣûʲôΣա
ߴ׵ˮܣÿϰΣһֻ޵ʯ񣬳ǳе𣬳ĳ򣬷צͨڡ
Щʯһ㣬ҶɨЩʯ񴿴ʯͷɣûκε
ЩһĹջ൱տġҶǴˮȥ
СҲ䣬ʼǬᶫ
Ҷˮر߶£СزɼЩһһ𣬷˻ۿռ֮УЩһЩ򵥵Ĵǵȳȥ˵
ڤ֮ҶһЩԤУܾʲôҪȻ̽κΣգģȻһЩǡ
Զǽ֮УҲ֪ӡʲôʱŮ˵ĵ͵ʱǼ˻У͸ͻϢ˵Ҳɵñ֡
ӿһѪɱ¾ͷҪһնɱ
ҶȻһϽԼеĵֿµͷѹȥҿԼ⣬ֻ»ᱻǹͷơ
ֻڤΧȻ˸ܣǽ뵽ڤǽ֮УǱΣգһЩ𼶸ֻ֣Ҳ޷ʴ
֪ͨһֹŹֹͣشӽƵɢ棬Ʈڿ֮УǹǳѪͿ񱩣أƺܹᵽһ˿Ѫȵζ
طȥˣҶ˾ϽСͰ괫һ˿ѶϢСͰҲûбǹͷƣǵ۾˼ԵѪ˿ȻһС꣬ǸϽߣ
СͰӷɱ˳Ѿʰˡ
׼뿪֮ʣʯЩ޵ʯͻȻ۾ȶǵ֮зĵĺ⡣
Ҷ̧ͷϷЩʯȻһЩ޵ʯȻȫ˹ղ̽ǵʱûвκļĪǡ
޵ʯ
ߣҶӶЩʯ̫ŹˣҶ²̽һ飬ȻûзǵκϢȻһЩʯ񣬿ȴһ
ЩʯҶ֮󣬷Źֵ˻֮ȶҶ
ವһڵҶļϣССϽҶ֮
һ˳ɱЩʯ׷ǵĺ棬˫ľԽԽಣʯ񸩳һצץҶĺ󱳣һС
ÿٶȣЩʯʵǷǳǿҶüͷһ֪˿̶Ȼܴ⣬վסŲ͸
ͬʱҲͷų꣬һںϵҶ굱С
ױʿƾۣɫ࣬ϻڿգ𳤵һնʯ
˻˻
ʯ񿴵ҶĽױʿûκǸ֪ηΪ
𣡽ױʿһ㣬ŭһһǿڵ֮ϣ𳤵һն£һʽں似ն䣬ϻ񱩣·Ҫ˺һ㡣
䣡
ױʿĳһʯϣϻʯϺȻը
ʱҶȵ鷢ˣױʿĳʯ֮ûжκ˺ֻǽ˶ѡ
ЩʯȻӲ˹
ûκǿޱȵЩһĲ֮
һֻʯ˵СĸǰСϽСϷŵֵСȭһȭʯȥ
أ
СʯףȻûκˣʯ˻˻عֽ
ǿߣҲסСһȭһʯͷСһȭֱӱҳ촷ۣʯСһȭֻ֮˿һξ룬Ȼ˶ûУ
Ҷ磬Щ̫ǿˣСеҴǣ
ܣܵȥ˵Ҷӣһʯ£ǰһԾȻûж㿪۵һʯҶĺץһ¡
Ҷ飬¶˿··ǿʯûн䶴Ҷĺ滹ܵһЩһЩˡ
СҲҶ߿񱼣СϵĴֽסС壬һһСĺ󱳡
ಣҶСһȥƾܵٿ죬ЩʯȻԽ׷Խ
ҶнҪʲôֶΣܽЩһȫݻ٣
㽫ױʿȫͷųҲЩһĶ֣Сȭͷ޷ˣƾ㽫óҲ޼£
ΣգҶԵӡһ㣬ССȴǽӡҶҲССϡ
ȻҶ뵽ʲôɵ
ֻзɵ˵Щʯ
Ҷ˼˲䣬һ
һʯͻȻ٣䣬һצӳҶԴץ
ÿ죡Ҷͷһ͵ؽͷƲ˳ȥĸצӶߺХ۵һһѪɽ
ǷʯҶһ˿ڣǵצֵһ㣬Ҷôһֻͷ­Ҫ


234 ӳ
Ҷϵ˿ԭʺɫģȴѸٱڣǱͿʲôǿʴԵĶһ㣬ð̡
Щʯצж
Ҷһݣ߶ԺеķɵһɹӿգҶ֣ʯ˿ϵģǶأһֹŹֵܹʴ
ɵӿһ˿ŹֵѸɵ
ҶڵȽ⣬һ˿ڣһ𼶵ĸɥ
ʱһʯ¡
أ
һСһȭһȭЩʯɣԶʯȻ޷Щʯ񣬵Խˡ
ҶߣСҲǰ˼¹㹻ǿˡ
ۿһʯ񼴽˻ԼϣҶһһɵ
ಣ
ɵ۵糸һ㳯ʯȥ
Ƿʯɵܣһצץɵ
أ
ɵצӣȥƲصһ塣
˻˻
ʯ˻˼ڿͣƬ̣ϵʯм׷ɢ
ʱҶһ׿⣬˵ЩʯˣҶΪЩʯǽղ֮ء
ȻҶɵʯ壬ҲֻڿͣƬ̣˻˼һʯһһҶ
ޱȵɵܹǵ壬ȴ޷ɱǣΪǱûʯ
ಣǰֻʯУʯСȫҶ
ҶһݣЩʯǻ۵ģȻô֪ıսΧԼ
ʯȫԼҶ㲻
ҶѾ׼߶ӡˣʵڲУȱâ˵һٳɵವһ֡
ɵһʯͷ­صһըʯɽ
Ҷе𾪵ǣʯûͷ­֮Ȼ磬Ҷ˹
Ҷ磬СģСҶվವһ仯˱壬ͱʱ״̬ҪСһЩ׳βͳЩʯɨ˹ȥ
أ
αɨһƬʯСβɨɳȥʮףһԶǽϡ
һʯ㿪СĹһӣҶ
С͵ؽͷ˦˹صһ죬ʯҲײ˳ȥ
ЩʯȻײɣȻûκˣ˻˻عֽţһΰΧ˹
Ҷ磬ЩˣߣС
ҶСϣϰ꣬Сĺ󱳡
ҿĿռ㹻СҲСܹģѸٵؼɶȥ
ʯ׷ᣬҶһಣһһɵ
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ܿʯСһ˦βͣ¡¡ʯСҽ˵ζ
СɿߣϷһͨ촰
Ҷ磬ãСವһ𣬳Ǹ촰ȥ
ҶСĶϽת壬濴ȥЩƶᣬ׷
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촰ʯСͷײ飬С촰֮д˳ȥС
Ҷһնľʯ
Сɽ壬ʯץסβͣҲ˳ȥ
ڳǸطǼʯȻں棬Ҷ˿Ҵ⡣
С͵һ¸壬޴ֵ϶˺Хβһ˦Щʯ򸽽Ĵ֡
ƬƬľСײƬ
Щʯ˻˻عֽţС˦˳ȥȻǽ׷ᣬʱڤٶ֮ңһʯͻȻ˻ϲѺۣͻȻѣ׹ȥ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ʯˣеĪЩʯֱǲ֮ͷ­÷ȻܹúúõģôͻȻһ¾ˣԶȥʯͣ˿УǰˣԶԶؿ˿Ҷˣתɻڤ
ҶʱˣЩʯɵڤһ֮⣬ͻԶѣЩʯܣӦڤ棬ĳЩڲǣ
ԶԶȥڤɭɭģ¡
Ҷзһ˿⣬ڤһУغδ֪ղЩ׺ķʯҶ£ڶʱڣҶ޷ȥ̽ˡ
ꡢС߰ɡҶ񴫵һ˿ѶϢܿط˹С˱壬ҶꡢСһ˽ıϡ
ڤϿƬ̣ճȥ
ԺǱҪҶҲˡ
Сʲôջ𣿡ҶЩһ£ȻŽۿռҩ档ۿռҩҲҪúþӪģȻһֱóҩֲŶȥҩٶ࣬һҲᱻù⡣
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Щ̳óҶ̳ӻĸкġ
šС˵ͷǬһ̳
Ҷ˿̳üΪ£Ҳǲ̳Ϳһķ࣬ÿһ̳شＸʮһ£ÿһ֣һŨľҶξƲմˣҲɵЩˡƲ֪ղ˶ٸͷȻ˹
Сǰરિˮֱ۰Ͱ͵ؿҶҶ磬ҿԺ𣿡
ȵһȡҶҡͷﲻ֪ûж룬ԼһĽⶾãָպһճľƽѲˮ״ˣһֽ״
Գȥһ㣬ҶϽɵϵתжҲӦԡ
Ǿƽո¶ǣҶʱоһ㣬ޱȡ
ҵľƣ
Ǵޱȵĺþƣ
Ҷ϶ʱһ˿糺֮ɫȻЩˡҪֻ֪ǳȥһѣԵڵΪһǸȲģҶǿתѹȥ
ƶΪһЧ󣬲ʲô鵤ҩ
̫ң̫ܺࡣҶӻۿռó룬һЩƸꡢССϣȻ󽫾̳̳ڷ˻ȥ
ꡢССϺһЩһЩСȵ࣬ҿȻôֻ»һͷӽȥ
úȡС૵ص۰Ͱ͵ؿҶ
ҶȴǲٸСˣЩ̳һ̳̳ȫ˻ۿռ档
СҲû취˾鷳ˣεֻգȡ


235 
ȶ򣬺ХȥڤԽԽԶ
ҶóһŰֽ滭һŵͼ¼һڤľλãڤһУҲһЩϰɡ
֮Ҷһڽ˵۶ûطֱӷʳѰۺҩ
Ҷʳ֮ڣʹ֮Уƻͨ
˻ʼѱԱߵһյأЩƥ˻С
һᣬֽǷ׷ӿ˹ֻԶԶվţҿ̫мϳҶϽȥˡ
ֻ˾޴󣬲֪ʲôޣһֽСʡ
Ӧǵʦģܿʦģһֽ׷ŵص
ǿͽ˶Ľ񣬽Զ˼־⡣ޣȻ˵۶ҾȻǱһѱģ
һᣬۡҩڼˡ
ʦ𡢱¡ʦ֣һˡҶЦЦһһǴк
ҩ΢΢ףҶô죬ЩģڿҶıˡһԵڼҲҶ˸к
ʱϰɣȥС洺磬Ҷ˽˻ʹ
ҶⱾ̫ϵ㡣ڼӻó̫ϵһ飬ݸҶ
šҶڼнӹ̫ϵڼӦѾ̫ϵ¼ˡ
һ˵Ц˹֮УרǲѰһΪľСԺҶס£Ůͽһдþ˵ҶԼһȥ֮أУҲЩмȻһ֣Ͼǹ֮غֻ׶༪٣Ҷļ룬ת˾ơ
ʱ䣬ƺڻʼұԺס£ʱȺҶǲˣ˵ڣҲһ𼶡ĸ֣һ۹ߣ֡һֻʦޣҶСͰ꣬ʤĴ󡣾ǲ֪ǱߣЩֽ֮أǰոʧ𼶣ҲǺѵóְ̫ɡ
꣬³ʱ
Ҷ˵ֳһ꣬ѾʮˡǰնҶұģһա
ʱ䣬ҶľҶӺͻ꣬ȥѯҩҩ˷ǳĹżȻûвľҶֻգľʲô֣һ֮գֻܵԺٿܲҵľйصˡ
峿Ũء
۶ļ紺дﶬ֮𣬻ʳ֮ڣǴƽ
ҶԼԺ澲ޣܽǰʱɹʼѧϰ֮һ似ŭϣһʽոҪǿἸ֡
Ժ֮У޷ԶҶУ̣ϸ˼似ʽسУȭȭΪצ绢Хɽ֣צΪƣأһʽ似֮У̺ʮֱ仯ޱȣҶϸϸţϧûо鷨󣬲ȻٶȻϺܶ࣬ڽ֮Ҷ֮ǰǿһҲжôӡ
ŭϣ˼䣡
һʽ֮У̺İԵɱԼһƣڻǰʽľ
Ҷеĵѹ˰Եɱϰ似һͬÿһÿһʽµζһȭһ죬׿һҶһȭϡŭϣһ似ȭơצϥǡ⡢򣬽ԿɳΪɱÿһʽ̺Ե
һͨٷͨŭһʽñѶ٣һҶѾŭһʽСͨ硣
֮ʱҶ֣ԼվλΪģԲʮ֮ڣʯͷƺľԱĳƽء
ŭһʽҲǲʽǬǱҶѧʽֻµʽˡ
Ҫŭһʽɣѧϰһʽ
Ҷ³һڵϢƽ似տνǽ٣룬ܽ似뵽֮Уýױʿܹʩչ似Եеʱսܴˡ
֮ǰڶԸӥʱɱӥһʽںϽյһЩɣ껯Σ˲࣬Ҳӵʵεġ
ױʿȻ似һ˿ɣǾܽĿǰѾѧʽ似ںϽԼѧҽױʿϰ似һܴƣڸҪսʩչ似ʱܵҪҪױʿȴǲãΪױʿȫûκҪԣֻҪǰعͿˡ
ɨԲǧ׵ķΧûʲôˣûǱȽȫģصظҶһƧĵط
ͷŶױʿױʿڿаȻ೤ϻ
ҶվԺһʽʽ似Ʒ졢ŭɽӡضաŭϣһˣԺһһЩ似ʽ似ͬȴ˿˿ϵһʽһʽзҶԺ򣬾͸ӥԵеʱһЩ似͸Ҷ档
Ҷ΢۾Լһѳ΢ʼУǽױʿ֮УĶҶһ£衣
տʼױʿ賤ٶȺʱƣҶƺһ˿ţϵĶÿһʩչʽ似뵽ԼĶС
ҶͺһԼӵ£ͷ֮Уױʿ£һϮһɽΪƽء
ôĶҶƺ˿ûвһҵľ統УױʿҲȫȫҶ
Ҷŭ似һЩʱױʿϻȣŭɱ⣬ӵ֮ʱԵס
䣡䣡
ը죬֮ͬݿһ㡣
طΪƧ˿̽˿һĻ󣬹ƻʧɫ
ʱ󣬽ױʿʩչĹѾľǬˣǬͬǣʩչģһȫµĵͨ似
Ǭ似һЩʽ棬һЩصķԼɣױʿʩչĵһзԵʽʱһǰơ
Ժ󽥽ǬİղڻͨԿԴһЩȫµĵҶҰ⵶ҵնܴһ׵һȫµ似
ҵնĵһʽڻպͳƷһЩɣ߶ϻϻ𻯵һʽҶΪգ
ֻǬһ似ܶŪһЩ߽似Ӧܴڶʽʽࡣ
֪ôˣҶɨְڷĿӨӦǱջ֮ǰ죬ҶԻñ飬һֶص
ǵɵģĪСÿ춼棬˾˯˯˾ͳԣһǵӣƫƫʵٶȣҪԶԶҶͰꡣ
СҲûʲôʵٶȣСҪһЩҲǳ졣ҪΪÿ춼оۻ굤굤ԣСرϲֵҩֵҩСϵЧϽҪõö࣬ΪҶһЩʱ䣬˴ۻ굤굤
ҶҲڲͣϹһս롣
һۣһ֮࣬ϾҪˣ⽫֮۷Ծ


236 
ҶȻЩף˭أ֮սһҪ֮ؽǼȻ֮һֱڣǱһġ
ʼұԺеԼǸߣӵҶĴ֮ҴҸ
һ׼֮һ˱һˡ
ںӺӰһʼͷӱͣһҾ޴¥׼ǰ֮صˣʼǴ
ǰ֮صģҶۡСȵ֮⣬µʮǿߣҲȻУ۹ĸ֣ˡҶָ£һֱϿգҶˡ
صؽαװϲҪЩ֪Ѿǰ֮أеĵֻ֣۹֮С
֮ʣ۽һȫиҩҩݵλܹȶסĵġ
һսܹ۹㻹ܱ棬һսǧĵ۹ܿҷ
¥ʻͷ˳£
߿һСǡ
һӣ˳һֱǰСĽ򣬱ִܵﱱСҲǳġ
ذκҰȻ˳ڣедս֮ࡣ
һ۵ذκҰ˵Ĵӵ֮£ԵøעĿעģذκҰһݳߣһƾɵĻۣʵ̫ˣռݽȥ۾ҲԵüΪ͹ǸͺͷͷֻмɢҵͷΪǡˣ˫ֿȥ˫ֹ񣬾һһ㣬ƫƫ˫ۼЩֱͣ۴ʱ쵽ϥǵλá
òʵ˷Цսȴһ˸Цһʮֹӡ
ذκҰҲǼΪء
常һֻ˼һˣҵõϢ۹Ȼ˼֣ӥ˾ܷ̽Զսǲ̫֣Ҽ𶥷ĸǰҵҲӦذκҰǰص
߾ȻذκҰ常
۹ˣֻ¶֪һߵĴڡ
ΪҲذҷ֮£ʮһֱ۹û뵽ֶĴ£׳˹ٹ꣬ذμһٽ۹Ҳ¡ҲΪذμҳһ۹СȻذμ棬Բذҵ˻дһ˿ϸ˺ǲ
һڳսǹĶԴ⣬ߵʵʲô̶ȡ
常۹֮ʱֶᱸһݺԳл幫ذκҰǫص
ذüͷȴǲɫȻ۹Ǳߣȴ㲻ʲôһųϣÿµٺȴû٣ȻһСذκҰϾһóĶӦò̫
ֶˣΪԵˡذҺǺһЦ¶һڻ
常ֶΪ常ӷϴذκҰһЦ
һڳĴӵ֮£ذ̤˺ӱߵսͬеĻʮŸ֣ʮ߸
ڹ棬Ҫ۹֪١
սʻͷذκҰڰߣ۽ǹ˱ͦХԣսԶԶʧ˺ӵľͷ
ܹ꣬۹ԭУٹʮ꣬ܽ۹ذκҰصȴǸΪʵĿ꣬Ѿķ˲֪
Աһʮ꣬ҲŻʼ۵վذκҰߣ̫ذԽ
ⶫԭԶǹ£ΪλҪ۹أ۹ƣȥǱߣҪһͷСľӪߵһϵĻʵۣǺܺ𣿡ذԽذκҰʵ
Խ˵Ϊλʤ۹ΪλܣذκҰЦЦذԽʵ
۹˲ŵ㣬죬̲ǿʢذԽƬ̵ǿ۹ذɡ
ذκҰҡҡͷˣһǧӴ۹˵͵ģ
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ذκҰĻذԽͷһʧôܣذĻ壬׸ǹ˭Ȩƿ
ذκҰذԽԴĿԶؿԶذμҵģһԶ۹ȻҲ常ڵɡٶǰ۹пսû䣬˶ɣͶ常ڵɣǸɵ֧֣ʼ̲֮۹û˹ȴǿʢȻΪ۹ôţһ׻ǣȴûйǿǵĹΪǣǵӰˣֻҪǸȻﲻͿԸǣһǵˣǣҲʱ
ذԽͷ𾪣˸ΪʲôִҪ۹
׳̵ɽɽ˵ҪԼذԽȭͷ֣صص
ذκҰ۾΢УذκҰһŪҲ̫СذκҰˣЩܹ֮Ǿ˼ʮ˵ľӪһ죬ذμҪƿأʱҪذμǿʢ
Уףǹ۹㹻ֵ׼۹۹Ҫ۹أذԽʵڶԭ֮Уذμȷʵǿȥ۹ȴĸŶܲϡ
㽲ˣֻҲף۹۹Ĺ䣬һصִ֯۹֮ԻӴЩ̫ˡذκҰֹûм˵ȥ
ִʲôһ֯۹Ĺʲôһֹ򣿡ذԽɻ̧ͷذκҰذκҰȴǼĬ
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Ҷ磬ǰѴһЩСºһ°ɡССҡͷʱϲЦտҶ˵


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ӿںϲͣصʱҶҲûʱ޿̶һֽȸУҪʵ
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ڴҲ޷似Ҷֻ߶ɵӿҶͷųǳҶԱİ꣬յˡ
ŽգҶƮڿУظоۡƵ˻ЩǣڸԵķﾲޣΪĴս׼
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һεʱҪˣҶ磬Ҳһ𣿡ҶһֱԼؿڣգգ۾ʵ
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һ˫Ҷ֣ԼؿϣһεʱϾ͵ˣڻǲ⻯Σ͸Ҷһ°ɡ
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ҵĵİȫˡҶĿЦСѾͷԼԵòǳȷʵһֲ飬
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ҪԦĴ֧ţϻȻ˾ȡϧҪͨҶͶԦڵ£ҲЩѣȴϻˡ
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֪ΪʲôµԽҶһЩĸоָоϸ΢Ī֮ʲôηĶ
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䣬ȻײеطҶΪ޵صЩΪһ˽Ȼ˲̵ַ˿̫ûˡ
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Щ䲻ʲôطǸطͷһĴףģǷ׷׽ҩȥ
Ҳ֪̫ˣ˸ذҼһһƣһֻֻЩҲһЩǻۣһǴ˷
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ֵܲһʵʱ׶༪١
֮һߣذҶ·񱼣һ·ܵ˽֮ص棬Щƺû׷ӣһҪҩһ˿ڣʱֵ֮һĶ˷ӿ˹
ذŵò㾪Щ䣬Ϊʲô˴ȻǴһ׷Ǵ˷Χ
ʱֻҲˣĶ䣬ذͷƤ飬¸ô죿
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Ҫһǣ·ȥֻҵͨһ뺣С
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ҵԶԶؿۺͽд󾪣ĪԼܵѾɱӲģһ˿⣬ʱǱҪ·ӡ
ȻҵԶɽеǸһһˣ


245 ض
ҵ߶еذҲõķӶȥ
ơ۵Ǵ˷ҵΧ
϶㻹ܣƹԲ¶һ˿顣
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ơ۵˶ûп⴦İ¡
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Ҷһֱ׷ذңں棬ذһͷʯ֮ĶѨȥ
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峺۾ҶҲѯҶ
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ԭΪ־ڱصãû뵽Ȼҵ³ذóһͭһԼͷ߸״ֱϡҲǡ𼶵ΪǿѹƶأѾˡ
ԼĿȫǵǻʹذСĵشǬóҩͼŵҩǼŵҩȥȻŪһҩָ࣬պһҩĨȥ
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ذһҩϵĺףһ߹۲ŸⶴѨҲ֪ʲôģ˿ߵұڣȷⶴѨȻγɣ˹ģȻЩˣһЩΪĺۼ
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һţذҸϽȻָΪ˵о˵ص֮Уðһ˿ɭɭǲΪָɲҼߡ
ҶھذҴ׵λͣһʯͷм䣬곯Ǳ߿ȥֻذԭأϡֱϡЩ׶Ĩ˻ɫҩ࣬һ˿˿źɫϢذϲϵð
ԿóذڵĶء
ذұϾǿߣذһָҶֻ꣬ҲذҵĶ֣øϽֲУ
꣬һ𣬻һذңСȴȻٳ֣ҶѸٵ͸ɽױʿվҶļϣҲ߶꣬һ˿˿ɫϢ뵽ͨȼɫĽױʿϡ
ױʿׯϣֳֳ͸һֺµơ
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ذȻޱȣ˫ۼһֻԳ˭Ҳʲôַ緶һͷų壬ȻһűĹң·ʱͻŷͻأƲӥչᡣ
ذҵĿУȻһâԶڵһ·ĵط
ХذҵУ˼Ȼ
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˼˲䣬ֻԶһɫĹӰѸٵذҵĸǰ
ذҿߵĳʱһ˿⣬Լģ࣬һ֮Ķף೤ޱ飬мϺ
࣬ذҶȻţǶֲ࣬ͲһЩɵ
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ױʿ𳤵Ѹն䣬һһµζǵ֮ϣǺ֣ӵ֮һַޱȡɱһеơ
ױʿĹ̫죬ذһʱ޷㣬Ͻצмܡ
䣡
ױʿϵɫذϵĳײһײΧ𵴣ʯѳƬҲǳ˳׵ĴӣױʿĵذҵײնԱߵұϣʱһ׵ľ޴󵶺ۡ
ذ˶ľ綾ʵǴְ˽ױʿһǳӿŵŵ۵³һѪ
ڽױʿҲЩңǱϵĽҲãҲһЩȱڣϡ˼֣ڿͣôƬ̡
վڽӰеҶɫ΢΢ף߶ɵУһɹϢڵУױʿڡ
ԭϡĽױʿϵ˿ѸϣҲָԭ״ĳҲ
ӡӡʱҶ꾭һһεϣܶʱǱϻʨϻֱ𣬵ҶȻҧͦ˹ôĴױʿʵսǱֹͱˡ
ǿĻָذ̧ͷױʿǻָԭ״üĲɵҲ𶥷ʵжʵ𣬶Ȼ޷˵ң
ذͷŭǻƽȮۣ𼶵Ϊ𶥷Աģ


246 ץס
ˣҲкܶ취Ը㣡ذŭȼա
ױʿָ֮ҶһױʿͻȻذҵһɨ
ÿٶȣ˲ذǳ۾һ㣬צ̣Ӳһ͵һ෭ĸȷ絶һױʿĲӡ
ױʿȻʧذҵһذҵĲһذҵԴ
ذһԴױʿĳͷХ˲佫ʣļͷȼ˻ҽͷƤյһƬڡ
ذ״شУͻһ㣬ͻȻױʿ
ҶΪذһû뵽ذҾȻ˷ָ񶷣ԵսչͬΪбܷӦģ꣬ȴǸоκʹҲ޷ı仯ʱķӦ
أ
ذһȭڽױʿؿڣױʿؿڵλñذһȭһ󶴡
ͨ࣬ؿĿڵλãһȭɣױʿû١
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ذҵֱ۾ôܣĪԼ֮Ϊ͵̶ֳȣһС޶ɱ
СޣҪߣϷ򲻸׷ϷˣذЩɫصЩǰС޲򵥣æ߶ʣµ΢ֻ׿Ʒ鱦ĳˡҵزɵ˿УָС
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ѳԽԽСȻеӣͻȻǰһ˫һգץסǰѳ


247 
ˣѳͣزҪС˫֣ȴѵˡ
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ذҴʧɫоԼѳʧȥϵȻ˫ȥץС޵ʲôˣ
СһץһƷ鱦ȴڲץˣѳСԴȥ
һ죬ǰѳûذСأǰƷ鱦һѣ־սѳѳһ飬˵ϡ
СĶͷϣһĺۼϸһ㶼
Ǽ̨֮Сһһˣ
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Ҳôһ˶ѣˣ޷Соʹֻôһѡ
ιӣ㻹ʲôʹɡСߺߵصȻذǸͷС˶Ǵӡ
ذҵŴ󣬼ֱܹһżˣ㶵ؿСԼǰѳƬ
ϽذǷǳģȻʵϽ۷ڵɣһڸ֣ҲˣǣǰСޣȻӲסˣ
㲻ˣ㲻ˣذҾֵشУҲһЩʶ֪޿ԻΣ뵽ˡƷ鱦޷Ҳʦޣֹܲȫɥʧ˶־Ǿ֡
ҪˡСѳӵϣ˵ಡһڵذҵߣذҵ壬Сȭһȭȥ
أ
ذҰһȭһȭǶסˡ
үүүүҴˣүүذؿ޵ġ
ҲүүҲꡣСһһ۵˵ţһȭ
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ذұСͷҲǲҷôôùôôɷǣСذұһ٣ϵǬȡȻذӵһߣûҪɱذҡ
ӵһ֮ذȻͣعġ
Сػ˻СȭҶ磬Ҳʰ㣡
СѸղŷŵƷ鱦Ҫ뿪ͻȻ䣬ݣݣһ˿ңԶĵص
·ʲôѸٵؽӽٶȿˡ
СҶоһЩΣգϽСȥѶϢ
Ҷ̽ʲôڷɿؿγɡݡƿ֮
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ذһﲻͣؿͷүүģϵʣ޼û壬СȭͷȻȭȭ⣬òҲ̶ãʱֻҲϲˡ
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ذƴһȭȭھϣȴ޷Ծκһ˺
Ƭ̣ѾذԶȥ
ҶȻðΣȥȼͨˣȴһȥһˡˣþȵһҪȣȲˣֻ˳Ӧ׼֮ͽɱĻҪɱ
ֻԶȥҶüͷ֮صĵصףֻ±еĻҪΣա
ҪҪǰ
ãҶ˾صʵڹΣգǱ㲻ȥˣڵص׵һУҶ˺棬ֻԼһˣҶȥ߻СͰ꣬ΪСͰİȫ𣬾ϴ̽ڤͳ⡣磬ܶණܴġ
Ҷ磬ղʲôСʵЩûаη֮ģԾԾҪǶһܣΪֹ̨籣Сû¹κˡκζڤЩʯ
ҲҶҡҡͷ
ֻԽԽԶôԶعͷҲ㹻ʱ䳷롣
Ҷ磬ǸͷǬʲôֵǮﻹѽСǬݸҶһϣʵڵСֱһٵģöԲŹҶ̵ҪҲֻ˵Ķ
ѽƷ鱦ҶذҵǬ֮ĵҩɣһƷƷ鱦Ҳм㲻Щ֮⣬ҶǬ﷢һżһʼǣż֪ʲô޵ƤɵģԭӦʮҳģüΪˣֻʣҳȽ滭ŸͼΣע˷λӦһЩ󷨡
һҳȽϿǰǾ׵ҳӣӦϽ֮˿Ҷⶫ൱õģֻϧҶʦϽҪһЩصַ
мһҳƪʮҳӣһ󷨣ʮ·ӣͼҲΪӣͷۻһҳǵҳӣһͽǽȻҪƷϵ鱦ƣҳΪӡ
Ǳʼǣһ˶󷨵оʼǣذǴһ˵Щġ
˳žݵķһ·죬أҶ̽˵صף֮ľҶ֡
һƬΪտĿռ䣬Բ˸ףĵϣ֮ضʬǣЩʬǲɢҵģǱһ߾߲ŵط²֮ɨص׵֮¾м˿ӣʬ屻
ôʬǶѷһγɵĿɲ֪
𼶵˿ͷæµţ֪ЩʲôֻϿշɹذҵʬЩʬ֮С
Զȥֻʮ׵Բʯʯ룬һ޴꣬Ҷڵص¥Щƣʱػû˻
ҳȥҪɱҪɱɱɱɱŭؿһ׶ϢϵȴЩɫεʯϡ
÷죬ϻŸӵͼƣâӦǱĳĽơ
ÿ֮ʱϾͻâ䣬ϣ㷢ʹ˻


248 
ȵڣ֮Թ̫أԸɢγɵģǿҵԹǿ߻Ȼģǰ̺Թɱûκʶֻ֪ʳǺѪΪȸǿ
겻֪ΪΣ
ɨ˲Ǳһ㣬͸֮Ҷֱ
ÿµ꣡
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ҶϽѻʱסʱƺҲǸоĴڣԲŲ֪꾿ǺֱӲ̽ˣطһҶ˾˵һĻ
һʵǿ˿𶥷ңӼֱϿŵģЩеߵһʬǰ͵֣ץʲôȻϸȥҶǸ˿ץģȻһǡ
ǵǲͣţҪѣȴȫ޷Ǹ˿ֳʺʹ顣
˿һǣԶȥߵʮ׵ĵطͣ͵ؽǵǳ˹ȥ
ǵǿס꣬ƺһ˿ǰ¶һ˿־飬Ҫܡ
ס귢¸µĹЦſ죬͵һΧ˲Ϊģγһ޴УǻǲͣҽУȻ޷ǵУĶ
ǵ֮ųһ˿⣬¶̰飬ǵǺܿ챻
һĻҶʧɫЩ˿Ϊι꣡Щ˿ûһ㹧̬ȣ꣬ɼڲһС
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252 ľͷ
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Զس˯ȥҲһֽѡ̨籱ҧ·˾ǰݽ磬֪Ϊʲôȴһͷô
Ϊʲô
̨кã벻ס
ʱֻԶԻñವһҶ˹ɵҶյϿա
̨籿һĻ֮ͣöԻñ飬Իñͨ巢ɫĹââ֮У̺һ͵ģȴܴ͸ĵ
ʲô飿
ֻԻñ鷢͵ĹâкҶϣҶǺɫϢƺǽȥüͷʹ౯˵飬ͣһ˯˵ĺӡ
ꡣҶ૵˵ţ¶һ˿΢Ц˯
Ҷ˯úظ֮еĺ֮ͳȴһȻɵɣҶˣ֮ͬںһ
Ҷ૵Ļһ㣬̨籵·ǽ˺һӣԭһֱĵĸ飬˱ʹ;ʱ򣬸˵ůĿңңؿԶƺ˸ڶ΢Ц
̨΢Ÿ׵գһ˿˿ңԶůԭֻһ㣬ͱֻɱ¾Ļһ˿ĵ׵ĶԸľȫ١
ԭһֱ֪ĵط
֮ĸ飬ԴԽ


260 
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ͷҶҶϣǾݣãص첻ɱ㣬Ϊ֮仹֮ԼҪ֮Ǿ˭˭Ӯ˵գҶһһƤֽһתͷȥ
һ죬飬᲻ûɱҶҲ֪
̨ΪʲôҪ
̨ת֮ʣڲԶԻñͻȻâţһӰԻñϿգһŮȻǳ㡢֮Ĵʻ㣬޷֮һ
ͬһ׵ѩš
һ֮ľ飬ֻȴһЩ಻һĶ䣬ҡڵβͣЩ˿ûƻ˼ֿɰʡֻɫЩ԰ףеӡ
꿴̨籵ıӰϵصлл㡣̨һУԻñ涼ˡ
̨类ͷһ۰꣬ȻòҲΪ֮죬ϵı飬Ȼûһ˿صأҲûʲǫ̂ת뿪߳ʮಽŲһ£ǸʱԸΪԼΪʲô
ͷ϶һĨΣ˵ͷԼҲףֻ֪ʱˣһۿԹ޻ڡ
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Ŀ̨籵ıӰԶȥ̨֪Щʲǫܹ̂ܺõһκ˿ıɽǣȴǸо̨籵Ĳƽ
ͷҶҶغ˯š
굣ǵؿһۻʱȥķ૵֪Сôˡ
СԲҲҶ粻ܣֻԺȥˡ˵ţҶ˯ȥˣ⸽ʱһЩûǲػҶ֪ʲô״
꾲ؿҶϸָ渧ҶϣҶϴů
һţáֻǰ޷һֱˣԺܻ૵˵ţˮѾʪۿؿһҶӰವһٴνԻñ档
Իñ鷢ɫĹâҶյϿա
ʱһһȥ˯еҶһֱû
ʱƣҶϵĺɫϢɢֻڵﴦһЩԺ֮еķɵͣɢһɹҶȫ֮ľҲ˱ʵɱ䣬ԽԽʱƣվŸȫʵʣһſӣŲͬɫɫɫɫɫ
ſӼɵתÿһתԶ̺һ˿֮⾳
࣡
ҵؽһ£ҶãȻػܣ꣬СʹͻȻϷɢɫεԻñ飬ץһһ㣬סԻñ顣
ԻñҶģĹâҶĵоһ˿ůˮ
꣬㻹Ŷ𣿰꣬ҿԸоϢһţҶԻñסԼ֮ϣǱŰ꣬ܵһԼƵͬ
ΪĳЩԭҪԻñ档ҶʼղԸŰˣðһš
ܶãʲôʱҶ㡣Ҷᶨ˵ţԻñ飬ðԼߣԶ롣
ҶĿԶȴûпʱ飬˯УεСԼС˵ҪȥгɣҶͰ㡣
֪ʱȥˣҶĬãǲΡ
ͷԻñ飬Ҷ¶һ˿ᶨ飺ꡢСûãûǣһǿģǻţһǻģ
ҶԻñغãӻۿռ˵㶫̻ʵسһ߳ţһˮػ䡣
һͷԵƤֽҶ̨Ѿˡ
̨籲·ˣ̨籾ôҶû⣬ֻû뵽̨籾Ȼ̨ǰԸֵúܡ
ҶԼζ飬һɶˣԺһӡûС
Į̄籾ңĻ´εҪлһҶţȻ֪ʲôã̺ϢӦһ˲õı
֪ʲôɵģɫǶһöö貵ıʯâ䣬Ի֮
ԼϣִСʣϵ·ûһͻأĸо
Ҷ˲䣬һһϢҶĸ룬ڲͣת
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תһµ֮ľǣȻ֣֮УŸʵɱ䣬γ˾ſСĴָСӣſӲͣתԴԴϵȥȻʵ
ԭ˯֮ʱѾһЩı仯һЩҵķӦ
Ҷ۾о֮һһϢͣػƷ裬Ǵ˵е̫һ㣬ΪΪ֮ӿ֣֮ӿ֣̫̫һۻӲɷ֣±仯棬γѭʢ庮䣬ٲ˥ߣʢգĹ죬Ψ̩ܴﵽһĺгϰ֮ˣת
Ҫ͸컯ÿ˽ԼȻкܶྭѧϰǸ˵ҪԼȥܶණֻȻһ㶮ˣµĶİأȥ֡
һֵַḶ́Ǽ򵥵¥ݵḶ́һ֪һߣΪǰһƬڣǰһ̨ףҲпһƬƽأһСģпһ̤ա
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ЩĻΣߴĽױʿױʿʵʵҲҪη֡
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261 ħͷ
֪ױʿΡҶͷһýױʿױʿ䵽Աߵһұڣվһʯǰ棬ʯ׸ߣҴǶԱߵұ֮С
ȣ
ױʿסʯŭһֻǿʯױʿŲ˼֣Ȼ󻺻شұ˳
һ׶ߵľʯףҪұγֻͨ𶥷ǿҲģҪﵽʮ֮ϡ
ױʿҶҲɵøе𺳣֮һɳȻ߲Σ֪ô
ʯγ֮󣬷һߣҶױʿ֪۵ôˣҶóƤֽ˳Ƥֽϻ·ߣһֱȥ
ʵﵽ𼶣ܹնˣ֪ôնУҶԾն޷һڿܾͣá
ǲУôգҶһһĥ֮󣬶ĲٿշģܹƷԲһ֮ڵ
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Ҷ۾ظܱı仯һֻܸܵҶһӸܵ˾ں֮һЩǿߡ
شԼڿնҶƮڿС
ԭҶյնеһЩϣ֮󣬲屾ܹУǿԲΧԼС
Ҷӿٶȣնȥ
ʱ֮Χǵһֱ쵽ĵصףһһ㣬֮ذΧƣƽʱκ״һ㱡Ĥ֮ʱɽ
ڣΪ֮淢һЩ飬ƺ࣬ǽ֮Уǲ˲⡣
һɫӽ֮صĵص׷ײ˽֮ϣءһ˻
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֮һССܣһѺ۳˷ɢ˳ȥһ㡣
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СģСĴӻʱ棬ؿһС
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262 ʦǺˣ
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ħͷҪɱ˵İүү˵ɱˣһǲħͷˡСһʱԴҡ˹ġ
һҪħͷ߼
ħͷСҡҡСԴᶨص

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߼ֱðĴתȦҪҶС
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ҡҵȻɱ˵΢΢̡
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С̨籣˵ͷš
Ҳ۸߶ʱоҵ֪ҲСͱ۸ʱұƽ˷ӣʱұ˰㣬һƨ˻̿ϣʱұƭ߽Ůã˳Щ£Խ˵Խģһѱһؿ˵ʮ꣬ʮ˵һ꣬һ˵һǧꡣ
ʦСͬؿߣߵĺ󱳣ûʦùˡ
С֪ΪʲôҪͽ𣿡߲˲ᣬʵ˵š
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ΪһǴС۸˵ţؿˣҵ˿һĿʷˡ
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ǧʱʼҾˣҪ۸Ҫħͷħͷ⣡ҿʼϲվħħҪѪҾŪ˼ֻֻѼɱɱɱɱɱǧٶʱħɣȻŪһ·㿴𣬶ô·Ժҷ˾͸˵˾ħ񹦴ɣԼȡһ֣ħԺ󣬾Ҳû˸۸ˣᣬϵ·Ȼ
ʦСݵؿߡ
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ǣħͷҪɱ˰Се㲻Ը
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ħͷĲᱻ۸Сգգ۾ߡ
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ðɣҾħͷСһѵľ˵ͷǬóһȣھͳȥ
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СǬ￴˿Ǭȿûˣ档
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Ҷ˳ƤָֽڹĹһдԵظоԼԽԽӽ档
ַŽУԻñ飬Ҷƺܸܵů
һ̣Ҷڸ飬˸̵ֱоԼҪʧȥһ̣ףԼУǲĥ
ԭڲʲôĸ顣Ҷ˺ܶණ̧ͷĿᶨһ̣ǳͳɳˡ
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˳ųĵصһ·ϣҶһһ֮Уһ˿˿⣬·ΧĻΪһ壬ҲǶ˼ֵָʡ
֮صϣһȻһ̲ͣתš
⣬Щ۹ĵǼͼ֮УγһǿķԽ׳ذ벽
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ǸߵͺһѸٵر仯һֻͱȽҪĴչֱﵽʮףȫȼܵĻ棬ŭſǻһ·ɨȼ
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263 㣡
ҵĻûһ˿ͬһϷ֮ǰһ֣̫׹ҵĴ㣬ҵҪ̼ǳ֣ĵһ̶֮󣬱㿪ʼԸǡΨбʵս֮ʱŲ޻֮
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С˻ʱԱߣգգ۾ôֶ˶ʱ飬ʱâް洫һЩ޵˵


265 ִ
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֪µǸǲǸ֣еŵĸ֣ս緫ϵִ𽣣ȻԶԶģ϶˲Ÿ޼ɵ
ˣȫǰ֮أϵ


266 ս
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ҶץĳҲһֻʦޣҲʲô֣ϵǿߣŲмȥץʦޡ
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뵽˰ǰҶʱֻǧףǿҶĳ࣬²ҶһޣֻշֻޣǶԼĸǷǳģʦޣͲҪʦĽǲ²⣬ҲֻʦޣŻô޼ɵ˽ֻû뵽ҶȻ֮ĺ֡
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267 ʨӵ
ߣϵͺһշȥʱҲܲôˡ
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˽֮ص飬ҶҪʵΪУںϵʱ䣬ľʱ˷һ˿һʱ䡣ڽʯӡꡣ
ϻʨҶױʿԼҪˣû취ֻܷ㡣
ױʿڵʵǰҪѶԸöˣһΣҶǰƴָӽױʿսʱ򣬸ǲƣÿر飬Ƭּ̣ױʿ
ҶֱҶ㣬ϻʨƵҪ
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Ҷȴǳȵս⣬߶ױʿᵶȥ
ϻʨƵáۡУһ㿪ױʿĹһƻӳءһױʿٴα顣ϻʨÿζֻһƣÿҶ޷
Ҷɫ΢΢һףƬ̣һ֮󣬾վ͸ٴױʿ
Ҷ˽ױʿϻʨҪˣſ˵ϣſЩˣصʨүҲˣβôʨүҶˣõҰɡ
ҶĽױʿɵϻʨϿգҪһ£ȴϻʨһһƤһҶеϻʨôҲ˼ǧ˰ɣԸôô
Ҷ֪ʲôĴˡ
սҶսܵشߴٵ
ˣ㿳ɣҰԴ㡣ϻʨصİԴǰ졣
ױʿϻʨϿգϻʨֱͦͦſҶҲ֪ϻʨôˣôʱദҶϻʨҲһЩ˽⣬ҶԸоϻʨԲֻԸеееɧһвҪӡѡ
ҶϻʨҲûʲôޣϻʨҲǼӵذһЩæϻʨԸ⣬ҶԲǿϻʨΪԼĻޣֻʱҷϻʨȥ
ʨүξ͵ˡҶϿҵص
ϻʨ̧ͷҶ˸ۣûʲôô
ϻʨǴˣҶ߶˼Ƭ̵ɣ˷ȥ֮⣬ҿһԸ
ҶĻϻʨʱ˾Դһ̧۷ŹضҶϲʵģ
ϻʨĿ⣬ֱǿͷҰһ㣬Ҷŵ˺ü룬Ҷеصǲ캦飡ϻʨ񣬲֪ΪʲôҶһ¡
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ҿ԰ңǵԸСҶ
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ͣҶæͣǲ˵ЩˡҪϻʨ˵ȥָðʲô
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ΪϲһֻèΪһֻèȥ
ΪʲôҶһ£ѵΪԼϲ꣬ϻʨԼˣ
Ϊֻèһֻޡ޺޵ɵ˻ѱɳ˻ƽȵضԴ޺ޡϻʨĵ˵ƺǳһЩ˼С
ԭˣҶĵܸϻʨһЩйذɡ


268 Ǻ
ʨүɡҶ˵ʱܽȣ˷һӶ
ϻʨ̧ͷԹؿҶһۡ
ﻹǺϣҲû취Сĸʨɣʨүȵ½ϣʨүȥҡҶϿҵص
ɲʳԡϻʨǴһЩ
һΪҶͷ
ǺãôгķϣʨүҾһױʿȻ֮ͬڣе֣Ҫϻʨվһ䣬ϻʱ
ҶеһɼΪһϻʨȻǰԼսʱľ͸ƵģûǿǿҶ˷ܵؿϻʨսȼա
һնҶһױʿڿն𣬳֮Ҳϻܣϻʨ¡
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ϻʨͺһĳΪͨѰһƣ֮ǰսʱûʲôϸȥһƺ̺£·Ӵǿ֮С
ǰĸ֣ǸСڣϰ似ʨү㿴һʲô似ϻʨͦأȻ˵һ֮䣬·ǹ˽ױʿױʿ˲޷ֻءһ죬ױʿʮദͻȻɢ
ʮദȫҪѨλױʿûҪԣֻǿϻʨһƣҶʶһеǿͨһƣʵһƵУǸıΧѶ
һнǺӡϻʨһ似רŶԸֻһ㣬ˡϻʨһЦ壬ͬϵǺһ㣬ϢתֻҪء
ͬǺӣҶϻʨĻȻǴ֮飬ͷǿգȻǿӰ죬Ĺ죬ȺǴųӰı䡣
ϻʨһҶһȫµ磬ԭԼǲ̫Զ
ҶϸϸػϻʨʩչǺһʽһʽ似̺һʱġҪôһƺǺӰҶϸĥţſǵƮɢϻ
ҶĿͷڸʲôϻʨ΢΢һЦҶ൱ģ֪ҪӿеȥǺһУҶȻСҲϰˣϻʨһ棬Ҳû˭ܹôǺһʽ
վƬ̣Ҷһʣһױʿ˷ܵصͺһ
ױʿϻʨȥ
أױʿٴκϻʨ
ò˵ϻʨսһЧĴҶԸоԼ֮ǰһһεظǺӵһʽ似

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һ佫ͳ۷׷ףΪһ˲õĴ¡
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ҵɡذκҰɫ̫ÿȷʵ˴ν֮ؿһֻ֡ô֣ƺȫûֻʣҵŻܲðɡ
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ǡҵæҡͷڵϣߵǱүˡҵһһү˵Щǲṥǵģû뵽Ҹ
һ佫ͳǳҵϿȥҵϵװѾȥˣϡһЩۼʮ֮ǰҵǶôңҵе㲻ͷļ佫ЦֲЦǺ졣
ذκҰôҲ벻Ȼһ˵ذҲıˣԲֵ᷸ͼ󣬹Ǳֽš۹Ǳ侹Ȼǰ֮أɼ۹˿ɣ
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ҵ֮سûˣ֪Ǻԭ򣿡ذκҰʡ
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ذκҰĬ֮طΪڣÿһְأ۹Щ˵ʵȻ֮سûҪһûҪ𾳽ǿ߲ǿ֮صĳû۹˺ܿûʲôϵһûҲкܶԭ򣬱ػȡ׻ɽ緢֮ࡣ
֮ػˣִҪ½һµĽ֮أ϶ҪһЩʱգʱÿƹִûռ۹ִҲûʲô˵ִǱҲԻһЩۣ¸һִһֻ۱һֻۡ

뵽ˣذκҰӻ֣ҵȻȥú޵¡
ҵ׶ݣĴȥˡ
Ƕ˴Ͻ˾׼裬֮ԭشڳ֮ǰǿԸȥȡסذκҰ
ذκҰĻһ佫۾һ׼۹
ذκҰѸٵһϵаţذκҰ㵽һ佫Ƿ׷Ӧǡ
һа׵ذκҰ΢ҪһŸŷֵǵ˵ִֵ˵һ˵ˡ
ôս׼֮죬һֻŵ۹ʹ۹̽ӣ۹ҲԼߣһһ۹ҲǺ֪ܿˡ
ŵźܿͱ͵У֪Ҫ۹ֵϢһϵ׼׼սȻ۹Ĺ֮ԶԶ磬Ȼ԰ܡ
սǱѡ


269 ԩ·խ
Ҷ֪ЩҵĶһֱںһ࣬ǱΪ궼˼Ľչ꣬ڸϻʨսĹУϵشͬʱǺһʽҲ˸򣬽һȫµ似һƷǺӡ
һҶεٻ꣬ϻʨԾһһα顣
ΪȻԵ̫ˡϻʨһԾ͵سҶĽױʿײȥ
ϻʨʩչʱܾһεȻƼޱȣʵÿһʽ֣˱޿ɱܡ
ϻʨһЦһʤգҶҪˡ
ΣҶǶ㲻ϻʨĹϻʨһɱ
ҶоԼεԭأá
ϻʨʵ̫ǿˣ
ǰϻʨΪ˱Ҷ͵ѧ似һֱһֻ֣һɵʵҶսҶһ̸ҶӦϻʨСĸʨ֮óĳɵʵҲʼʩչһЩϻʨһĻ似
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ϻʨû뵽ҶȻýױʿ˴ǺӣϾױʿ꣬Ҷı壬ʩչ似ѶҪֹ
ͻˣƾһʽ似Щڵĸ֣Ҳһܽӵ£ϻʨϻڶγһ
ױʿһǺӺϻʨϡ
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ϻʨڱҶһЩȤԾſڣһɫ
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ױʿɢҶղⳡսҶóʮֵʵѾ͸֧ˣȻ弫ΪƣľȴǼ俺ܣоԼڲ귽棬ˡ
ʨүˣϢҶ˵תָꡣ
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һＫΪǱǸմӺûãʪģͷңճ˺ܶӲݣӦڲݵ˯һᣬˡ
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ǽһư⼸죬˵ǲ׵ļ䡣
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վԶһʯͷϣĿĵ
ʱȻԴǬóɱ񣬵ȴôˣӦ⵺ϣӦһֻʵǿޣ֮ǰ˽飬лأǽɱˣǺܱܿݵľˡ
óһƷ鱦СĵؾţȻѾôӦúܿҪˣˡһһĭ⼸һ·սļ󣬻ûüָǿУһս֮ϽǬóһöȥһ⣬Сĵעܱߵ
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λѣִһִߣ֪ôƺΪη壬ʶذִ˳֮ʱִߵ̣һ˾һЩҵļŵƽִ̣ҲǿͿģΪΪֹûһ˸սִȨ
һڣͺ޲óԼһƣǰǿߣͿսϵִ𽣣ȻҴ߶ϮԼִݰⲻǵűɱ
гη壬Ÿܣǳ˵ãã󺣣ֶ֮Ҷݵĺֻ֣ӲͷƤȻתʱ׼ӭС
ִҶһâִ˽֮һط޷ȷСҲ޷
Ҷһɱап࣬ǰһȻһ㶼ηִụֲ֪̂ҶʵʵлȻð£֮ǰ֮˸µĽһƣǸһϵĶӣҲҲŸԼƲϵ


270 ƴɱ
ִһʲô֯ҶĮȻؿ򰣬ΪֹȻִôһ֯
ؿһҶҶȻִ֪ͷĬƬ̣Ȼִηмӣִչ¶ģǱɽһǣܶˣִ˽⻹ǱȽٵģҶӦִ֪Ĵڣִֻ֪ʵˡ
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Ҷƾ£жǿǰ⣬ҳҪɱǵϳȥǰû£ǻ˵һЩ֮ص飬Ҫһ˵ʲôι꣬ʲôı
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似Ƽ򵥣ȴ֣濴ȥ·վǿ֮¡
ȻףоױʿһƣͬһΡȻĴɽһѹȶ۾ˡ

ͷ亹ͺһһ͸档ԭΪ壬ֵܹĹͻȻ֣ǵɫ棬ȴͻ
ãȻûãһҪ
ױʿһϣǵϻ˲䱬
ͻѨѨššţֻЩѨλر򰡰ۡ³һѪڸ⵽ش
һʽĹ굨ɥҲױƽ⣬һʵʵȻʩչΣһʩչµĹ
֮ӲƴԿĿ϶Լ
æǬ̳һöҩſȥͻȻӡ
ߣױʿֻצץ򰡣


271 츳׿

ͺһ֣֮ͨһȭͬһ㣬һȭһڸƴȫһ
أ
ױʿһȭ
շӶȥ
û뵽ˣױʿһȭ֮ҶؿһƣϽϢѪڣǰ濴ȥһͷ˺Ǻһʽûң
ʨүʩչһǺӣһƾܽɱҶΪ棬Ե򰣬ȻƾǺһʽȴҲֻܽ˶ѡӦǳʲôǱĵҩȻͻȻ
ҪܵȴûôףҶ򰲢ûΣҲ֪˺ͳ㺣ǵĹĿꡣε˵һߣһͣһ£ǵϢһ
һӦʱ䣬һܣҪҵ׷٣ȴûôףҶ׼߶ױʿ׷򰣬ͻȻ䣬һֲõĸоԶĺϣ͸һ˲Ϣ
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ϢƬ̣Ĵ˿Ҷû׷һȫطµģǻһ㲻˵׷ǧ׷ػ׾ٵġ
ץָȻһսûôˡĵҶ˼ɵǿµһƣǸĻݶʽ˵
˵һƬ֮Уһ߻ָһ߾ܵĶ紵֣ҶƬһʱ֮ͬ
Ҷܵ״ĿϢһ߾ţһ߿ٵشӻۿռóҩˡ
ౡ͵͵С
Ҷ鿴˿ڣ͸˽ĸ˿ڴĿģƣһͨ˻ͨҰޣܿѹҵˣΪ𼶵ޣ൱ǿģȻ˵úҶЩ˿ڻϡ
Ҷ˿ĨһЩҩһ£Ȼιһʦ
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ȻˣȴȻҪվĽҶúֻȻǻ۲ߣּ͵Ʒʣ໹֮УǺѵõġ
꣬Ҷǵؿһۺ棬ǽһ֮У֪ʲô飬᲻Ӱ쵽ڻʱС
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ҶڿСϺͻʱ顣
СںһұϣʲôĲԶֻ㺣ֹųһţ
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ʱ棬С˱ߵӣθһ߲ЩͨڣСǺܲһģЩǻʱǸûʱ
ʦ࣡Сһ߸Щ߶Կһ߱Թؽ¡
С߶֮ʱϵʱڹƣ߻˴ɫƣɫ֮Уʱڳˣ֮УаѰѸֵ裬ħ֮¡
Ȼ࣬Ϊ˲۸ҲֵãҲǺڹ֣ͷۿŹĺɫ棬ߵ
֪ƷԵˣһĻ϶ᱻŵΪһħͷ
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ħ۹ȻûϹ֣ڱħѪɱ¾ħȣǳܹ󼰡ߵһЦ
ʱħ˻ĻֻҪħͬͨ;һ츳һͨħҲһСһСɽģνǾ޽ˡ
СڴħѪ˵죬յһУȴ˽һ²ǿգⱿҲˣҪǴħҪСӲɽ̣ƫƫСȴ߿׿
أأأ
СֱЩʱûһᣬǿͱñˡ
֮ǰҶͰν̵С似СҶ˺ܾһʽ似ûѧᡣСȽ̰棬ѧĶһˣѧһ似ֱ죬˵һЩȽϸ似ˡ
СΪʱ򣬵ôһ似츳ڣûѧµ似һΣ֮Ի似ԭΪҶͰꡣ
㱻һڻʱûۣСҧ֡
ҵʵ̫ˣܱҶͰ㣬һҪøǿСǼᶨ񶯳߻ֵ
ɽ
Сһʩչ似ֻ裬Щֵͬһ㣬Щ߻Ӱأһ߻Ӱֵû
ɱЩ֮СûΣһӡ
СЩ߻Ӱ߸΢ЦΪӡ
ȱҪһЩһеɽΪʦٽһиǿľһʽȵɽǿʮ߰Ȼ˵
ȵɽҪǿʮҪˣǲǾǸһˣСϣؿߡ
ǵȻǵͼѣɽɱߵһЦһĪӣڶУȽ뵱꣬Ϊʦ١ȿȣΪʦ׿Ҳʮ죬Žһѧᡣ
ʦС۳ݵؿߡ
һ죬СļĳصСһ죬ҲﵽΪʦɾ͵ġ
ߵĻС۷⣬ڴ֪ԼʲôʱɵڶУ뵽ڶеС;Ѫڡ
ڶ̸֮ʣ֮๾ðһˮݡ
Ǹоʲôüͷһ塣
ʦôˣС鲻ԣЩɻʵ
ûʲôҡҡͷȴǾʱ̹עţԼôùɣ⺣Īʲô
ʱСҲе㽹겻ӣһ£գգ۾źײͣػŴ֡
Сӻʱ濴СƣæתͷߵʦСǿܡ
ܣΪʲôʵ䣬ȴײһ΢⣬Ƭ̣ŹâԽԽһֻ޴ĺǵ֮ڡ


272 ֮
ʲô
۾ڿֻĳࡣ
ֻ㼸ʮ׳;޴󣬵ǸͨĺͬһŹӰɵģûʵΣе壬ǸҲвͬȫӨ׵Ĺâֻ꿿֮ʱΧȫĿ磬ƺѰʳ
ֻεĺˮڳݣһۻޱȵһֱڴ󺣹ߣɢһֹϲɣϢ
Ȼ֮ôôù߶ʱһһʼƺԶùˣֵù£ֱ۸㵽һ棬Ȼǧѵһ֮бù
֮ʲôСһҲûʶΣյ٣ʵ
СϽػӶ֣СϽܣСȻ׵ѱЩ֣ʵо綾ǿ֮⣬ûʲôսټһֻ󺣹ιѾŵ÷ˡ
Сϣܺ£ǾܰɣСӻʱд
ಡһСǻһһ㣬Զȥ
ʦ㻹û˵ʲô֮أ
Ȼٸ㽲ʲô֮С֪ΪʦС˰㣬Σ֮Уȴñ˭ЩݺΪʦģܶ˶˹ţΨΪʦڣ˭֪ʲôԭ𣿡߾עֻԽԽĴ󺣹꣬һ˵š
ΪʲôСգգ۾ʵ
ڽڶо֮ǰΪʦҪһŸѧʣѧΪʦǧʵģǾǣ߻䣬ǡֻ󺣹Ŀ⿴ĵطֻѸٵش߶ʱ飬ʱ顰ಡһһɫ⣬Զȥ
ֻ󺣹ͻȻоʲô͵תͷʱ飬ֻʱǷɳ׿ˣһŭĹâһ֫һ󺣹۵糸㣬ʱ׷ȥ
Ǵ󺣹ٶȼ죬ڶ̶̵ļ֮ڣ׷˻ʱ飬ſڳʱҧȥ
ʱ߼״ȫëҪըˣֻ֪󺣹ֻ󺣹»ʱ飬ʱ齫Ƭ֮䣬󺣹ɱԴ
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ҪϺâ߶ʱһ·쭡
ǻʱ黹ֻ󺣹꣬ٶȶǿ쵽˼顣
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ҶüۿźҪҧлʱˣҶϽ߶ױʿֻ󺣹ꡣ
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أ
ױʿˮɳȥԶϵɫˮӴĵط̡ð
Ҷ΢΢һΣɫЩףϽױʿջأתϢֻǿʵ
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֮Ҫɻʱ飬Сڻʱ棡ҶСһߣ
֮ɲɻʱ飬һ鱦֮е鱦֮ת֣ӡʨүҿҲˡϻʨѵõ¶һ˿С
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ҶУСٲȻԼ׵ܵһ㣬ģڵܵΣյʱȴתܣ⻹ô
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ϻʨĻҶжʱɣãҾ͸ʨүһѣ˭˭ӮΪԼôҲǵ֮


273 ն
Ҷͷ죬ֻ󺣹׷ڻʱĺ棬ӭһٴ͸ױʿ賤ֻ󺣹ꡣ
ʦܣʱСϴк
ֻ󺣹ٶ̫ˣΪʦ첻ˣСϽȥɣҪʦֻ󺣹ˣǵʦʬʱǸ߳üص
ʦѵҪȥ󺣹ı𣿡Сգգ۾ߡ
룬̾ˣʦڴɡ
ʦҳȥֻ󺣹꣡Сಡһ˻ʱ飬Ϊ׵ľ޴ߣܺڻȼգֵ衣
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ⶼ̣Сգգ۾ɵˣֻ󺣹
Ǵ󺣹ꡰءһײСϣСײɳȥʮԶȻ׷ڻʱ治š
ҵѽŵüë߶ʱ񱼡
󺣹겻֪ʩչʲôԲǧ׵ķΧڣƾ˵ˮǽһ㣬ˮǽϲƣʱ鼸ͼײƣȴ޷ƿͷ֮ϣҲˮǽסգֻЩ΢Ĺ͸
һˮͬһ㣬գײʱ顣
СҶ΢΢죬ٴοСʵ̫ˡ
ҶܣԵΪģγһ޴ˮΣҶ˻лʱ棬Ҫ׽
ױʿ£ɫڶ
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󺣹ٶʵ̫죬ױʿ㣬ءһױʿʮףӰϡ˼֡
Ҷ磬󺣹ʲôܳԣСţˮ棬ʦܲòı󺣹ԵɣʦҲ̫ùˡ
Сȶٴγ󺣹ꡣ
Ҷ߶ױʿŭһֻױʿԴ󺣹ңңĳһƣһ֮Уǹҫ
Ǻӣ
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ɫڴ󺣹ϣ׷ױһƾˣϻϨ֮Ǵ󺣹ȻȻûܵһˡ
СҲβͲͣس󺣹꣬ȴʼ޷ƿ󺣹ķ
һţ󺣹Ĵ׷ʱ飬СߣҶĽױʿͣҪ赲󺣹꣬ȴ󺣹һһײɳȥ
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ڴ֮УѾαϮˣҵϢָ֮һʵڱ˳ߣ̧ͷյʱвֻ޴ĺ꣬׵ߣ𾪲ѡ
ﵽ׷ʲô飬ֻʲôΪʲô׷һźɫӺ棿ߣʲôȼޣ
ױʿҪ赲ֻ󺣹꣬󺣹׾ٵײɣţ󺣹ʵ𶥷֮ϣֹֻܻ󺣹ҧײûĹֶˣǷȴǸߵþˣιǴ󺣹궼˿Ƶ۷󺣹²ѷɫ
򰼸ҪǰȥɱҶ룬Լĳѻ٣һЩˣٵȵȿΣҶ󺣹սʵһЩˣгֵĻˣЩɵǣ޴ߣƺҶӡ
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½ִ֮⣬кܶǿģһЩѪĲ壬缸ֱһЩصšңȻĿǰûһִԿִҲЩ
ܶ㿪ҶٺòˣԺԺúõصҶپζԸҶڣҲ̫ܣȫ޴ˮסˡ
ҶĽױʿӲ˴󺣹ײصһըʧ٣Ҷؿһƣɫףһ˿Ѫ
ֻ֮Ĵ󺣹꣬Ȼرǿʲộǿñ̬¾ǰҲ޷׹ֻ󺣹ķҶϢƬ̡
ϻʨӡﴫСӣʵܹ֮ķֻķɵܹƿ֮ƿķҲûãı岻һ
Ǿûİ취𣿡Ҷüʵ
취ûСϻʨƬ̡
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ⲻ̫ʵҵʵ̫ˡ
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ӡҶȻʨүӡӡ棬׷ӡʲôޣǰͼӡǱ洫ˣ
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޷ٿǲǹ̫ǿˣӡӡԼܵشҶǰԼͼӡӡɳȥʱ龰ﲻɵôһǹ׽ɱ
ʹãҲҪԼȥˣֻǸṩôִУҪԼϻʨ
Ҷü̧ͷգСΪ赲ֻ󺣹꣬󺣹ײ˺ۣȻسֻ󺣹ꡣ
СȻƤ̰棬ǹҶһ֮ˣʱ߽С似ѾСʦСҲǶȻʦġ
죬ΪСƴһˣҶ̧ͷֻ󺣹꣬ޱȼᶨ̯ӡӡϻڣʨүˣ
ιιιСӣ㲻ܰʨүҵնϻʨƵֱ۴С
ӡͣϴϻ䡣
ֻ󺣹ͻȻܵʲôڿͣƬ̣˿Զöʱ飬ֿ˿ҶϿյӡ׷˻ʱôãǻʱһôץейˣӡ֮עӡ֮ϣǰһֱûôҶͻȻ֣ҶϾȻϢȻ٣·Ҷȥ
ҵ죬ллأʱ棬ǸĨĨͷȴԼ壬
󺣹Х¡
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أ
һҵը죬Сݺݵײڴ󺣹ϣСŭһƲνˡ
Сײڴ󺣹ϣȴֻ󺣹ζһ¡
󺣹ҲǼΪŭſһˮСϣС˳ȥ
С֮󣬴󺣹һҶ
ʮ׳ŴڣҶ


274 ǿ
һףʮףʮףʱ󺣹ҶԽԽ
ʱҶ޿ɱܡ
˵СӣҪҪʨүҰϻʨӡС
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ڴ󺣹ſڽҪӡӡ֮ʱҶ꣬س忪ӡӡһţֻһԶŲϵ޺ӡӡ
䣡
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ǹҪҶ˲䣬ҶӡӡһӡӡС
ӡӡͷųһǿĳɨ
ʱ󺣹ſڣ⧲֮£ǿĳС
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һ˵򰱻һûӦǱɳˤ˺зɹʯͷУǱѣһߴӺϰһ߾ţ⾿ʲôһȻ
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ҶֽЦһ£Ǻϧ£ѡ̽˳ȥӡӡڵϣֻ󺣹꣬ƺ⵽شſԶĺһϢ
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Զֻ󺣹찧ںţȴȻƯںϡ
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ץסȻתڵ̺뵽Լڣƽʱһ֮ΪȻ棡
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ĸв죬·վڵϵǸ˻Զڿеߣûдﵽ𼶣Ȼ֮ܽһϢɻĪԶǺɫģǰ˵鱦֮ʳŶԣӦô򲻹֮˵Ҫ֮ռһЩˡ
֪СҶʲôҲ̫һЩǵϾǱִΧ
˵ĻϻʨʱͲˣû飿ҲݣȻִˣϻʨݺµʱ򣬸ִļƽҲЩ飬ʱִţʲӷֵȻ˵һǿۣĪִգ䵽ֵزҶ֮ԲܱСӣ
ۿ֮ҪߣҶȻҲ׶ԷƴԷƾʵǿа֮ߣҲû취Ϊʵˣ⸵˶Ҫװһ˾ӵӣ˵ʲôԼС֮ǶûԹô֪ǽˣȴ˷θˣѵִѹֻ͵͵ι꣡
Ҫӵ꣬ˣһСС𣬸Ӷһˣϻʨ޵ص
ԶС̲סˣֻ󺣹ǴſµģƾʲôҪߣ
СĻ΢΢һ䣬һԶСʱеһǿϢѹȣصһؿڰһ׹뺣С


275 ǿ߾֮
ëС֪˵һҶͼҶС
СҪϢѹˮ¶һ˿Ĺâ֮еĸ
δҲ̫ˣС裬ҶͷնĸȭͷǴʱԼ𼶵ʵͳȥ⸵һܡ
ǿ߾֮ǵʵκε˸ĳȻЦΧ
ޣһ࣬𼶵ǿߣ𾳽磬ӵܹ֮ɽӣȫƥеġɭļº۷塣
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276 ϻʨ
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ҶԺ֮зɵһɹӿҶΪ̫ˣ޷ת޷ԿǿߵϢ
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ܵһǿԼε̧ͷȥֻ˷ϻԼϻ֮У̺һ־
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սپʨү̫ǿԼܲ˶ã
Ҷս죬ͬһѾ޴ȥ


277 һ
ҶСӣ֧ŲסˣҪͣˣȻᱻҵűģϻʨӡＱ
ʨүٵһϢҶʨүھͰߣǾҲ޷ܸˣ
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һʼûгֻɱҶСҲԭ򣬱Ͼէ֪ҶСı׶ֻ֣֮ߣžѵѵҶֻû뵽ҶǸӲͷϷȻ߶һص㽫ɱžɱҶû뵽̨籸ˡ
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üһҶԶ׹ںеСѣȻˣû취ٶҶСˣ̨籣롣
Ҳ֪λǺѣȻ棬ǸĳȻΪǡ˵ţɵ˿У֮һЩ̨籸òҪ֮Ҳ߰ɣ


278 һ
ҶˣǿվڴڵشϢȫľĴѣǿеǰҧؼ֣Ѿȥˡ
ʱҶһͷ˵ҰǣЩģˣУȴȻ¶֮𣬳һҪһ㣡
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Ϊִķֵ֮Ȼ̨֪籵²⣬̨籿ңԶĺˣԼǿ֮Ͻ뿪̨δ׷ϣȵ½ϣͲ̨ܹ˵ˡ
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ಡһꪻһĨ⣬ʧ˺ľͷ
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߲ؿһҶԪһλĴܣû뵽ȻõϿɣߺߣǵࡣȻСĸ磬ҲˣԺһúСģһħͷ
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ǵġҶͷһӦҲϹŶˣ֪Ƿ֪֮


280 似
ȻСĸ磬Ҳ˵һ˵ɣ֮ԣڵںϣܷӳǿҪܳʱ䣬ڵὥıܹ߶һʱ򣬱ʩչһЩ似ʽ
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۵ĻҲͷһݣƽʱʲôû뵽ڹؼʱ̣Ȼ˾ϡһ仰Ǿ˳ǧ˵ˣ۶ҪһѪȵĴϴˡ


282 Ҷҵľ
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ҶҶս˾ۼҶҴ棬һüͷ
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286 Ϊϲ
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288 
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ִŷǳӴҶһˣ޷ǶԿҪڿʼֲԼˡܽааշԼֶڵĸ֡
ֻааˣǼʹСˣѶǶԣֱǼҳ㷹㹻ʵѹǣӦòұҶ
ҪǰάԼǿ޵еУ
ҶͻȻױʿСͷϷն
ױʿ֣ааһֱҪŵ̱ڵˣؿͷ絷⡣
λаа˴󺰵
Ҳɱǣôǿ֪ҶһߴĽױʿͬһ㣬ааˡ
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ǾҿʦŵǽԱʦţҲԱҡױʿŭĿԲϵϻ𣬷Ƶˡ
аа˻ΪԼûˣû뵽Ҷ涸תŵӡ
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ҶĻаа˺ҶʵĿУֶͨΡ
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СĻոеаа˶ʱһ
һԵ۳ԶĻʹһۣ˼һ
ʹ
ĵطѾһֽڰʬ壬ĺۼŵģǵսѣЩԼ߻ףתȴսǲݡ
Ҷ԰ʱһֽǿҶ˵飬¶˳羴֮ɫףҶһսȥ˿϶࣬Ҷ۹
ĿҶ󷽣Ƶɨааϣʱ¶˳ӵ˳ааǱͷ֣
ǣĸɻǣڸ֣ǸСһСӣһĻץԴҲ벻ף飬ܹʵġ
һֽ׵ע֮£Ҷһ˽鷿
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۵˵ͷն³֣۹ŵԱȫһ󣬲֪ǷԸ⡣
ʲô˵ɡҶ΢΢׵ȻԼѾ¶ݣ֮䣬㲻ƽ۽ˡҶˣЩ͵ģϾ˼ϻһЩԲܳΪ޼ѡ
ϣԸ۹Ľɽȫڵ£Ը׷ңΪѣ˵
۵Ļơааˣüëһ仹ȻϽԼ徭ӪĽɽˣתһ룬Ҳܹ۵ˡȻΪһ֮ʵ򸹱ܵУ۹ŵĳ⣬ǾӪǺģ嶼޷棬Ͷһ£ǴͽȻͬˡ
ǿһĴڣ۹Щţûһеһ
ϻȻ׳˽ɽȴܸӻԻͣ۶ԣһֻ׬
Ҫ⽭ɽʲôã㻹Ǽ۹ʵ۰ɡҶЦЦһʵ̫ˣټһ۹ôܵù
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Ҷãϻ۹ӪôãǺʵģ۱ˣҲѾͻƵˡ
Ŷ˽ԽԽ࣬Ҷˣһ֮ҪԿЩǷǳѵģҪԼϻԣһı
ԸΪҵǿ۹ɽҪϾӪҪǵʱԻȥǵġҶһµ
ҶĻ۾һҲͶ뵽Ҷˣһɽǧ֮ڣ̩ɽпܻӭĻԻ͡
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ұһɢԸؽ֮У粻ֹӽ쿪ʼҾֲԼǵҪڼǻҪӸѡ꣬ǿԸңҶϵĿɨˡ
ҶĻơۻааˣһ£漴¶˷ܵɣףҶҪʲôˡ


291 ǵ
ҶС֪ڶʵΣϾҲĴڣһԼȻǳԽ۹һŵĴڣǣԪϼ
ܲܣ
ҵԸ׷£ơӦ˹ظ˵
Ҳ˵֮𣺡ҵԸ׷£
ааҲ־ҶҲԸ׷£
ǶɣȻ׼ԼĹעһжҪܽУʱ죬ٶҶû൱ȫģǹͷڸ̶Ѿȹ̣Ҷ߸ߵһȻΪһЩѹĶ
ǡ˷׷ӦȻоĳȡ
׼ôʵ
ʹ۹ʼɣȽϳ۹ڣں̫ҽڡں̫ҽŵ飬ааȥ죬Ȼڸ꣬һṩ似֮Ķ˰ɣȥ죬ЭҶ˵
˷׷Ӧǡ
Ҷһ˽Ҷ׼Ƚ۹ӪԼΧ˵۹ֵϢʱ۹̩ɽ
ҶоԼµ˻̫ˣҪ²УڣҶѾ֪ôʲôطˣϸҲԸܣ䡢Ƶȥͺˡ
£Ȼһ֣ƹʵ
δáҶ˼ãԼ׼ţʨִһĳҶޣȻʨ֮ѵСδЩףǿɲʨһһͽͽ
ƵҲҲ廰Ҳ벻ʲô֣֪ʲôܹҶ⡣
Ҷ뵽˾쳽Լһ֣漴˵ͽǵɡ
ǵһ㶣ǲ֪ҶȡʲôڣҶģҲ˵á
ǵ֣ǳ֮ƸϽάֻҶϲ²ˡ
ˣɡҶڰֵ˿ͼĿǰܹõܹɣֱϻ塢ںҶңϻΪ۹Ļ壬ںҶңֻš
䡢Ƶ˷׷׽ײߣǵĽ˹滮
£ǵںδƿʵ
ҲҪҵһʵĵطԺ죬һҪܽУܱ֪Ҷһµ׼ǵλãһȽصĵصףøȺɽƣǿϮ֮ʱҲбıǮȥɽ죬ѡһʵĵط
ҶǾǵɽ
ǣ
Ҷ齻һ֮󣬱վھҪȥֿаа̫ҽںھͽˡ֮󣬾ͻ
·ġааæӦҶͶ֮ĵһ飬ôҶʧСҪˡ
СߡҶСһȥСϣӸղſʼһֱСıϣ˯ˡ
ֿ鴦꣬Ҷþ뿪۹ҪǱĸֹ߲ˡ
Ҷߵ鷿⣬ѾˣҶСС˽񣬽ڿնԼٶȳֿȥ
ܿأʧյľͷ
ţǰ֣Ժͬڵ¹£աа΢΢֣ǿ˵ףԼ˸ոռҶ£ҶδضжôΣ۵λȻƵˣҪͽƵ˵ġ
˵ԺǾĽ£ҶԵµ˽⣬²ǵġƵһЦааǰôһЩӵġ
ллšаĵЦ
׼ǵع˼꣬ǵͻΪԽ۹Щŵĳҵͬ¾ʱλҲˮǴߡɨһааˣааǻаڵˣոռ治̫Ρ
˵ǡаӦ¸Ƕ˽ǵȥšǰ֣ȸˣ
Ƶ΢΢ͷ
аа˹˳ȥһ𳯻ʳ֮ӡ
磬ҪΪǸţ𣿡аһ߷ӣһаԱ˵
꣬ԺҪ˵ĻˡаһаԼܵ»治أ»Ÿûãʱǵ̸ǵʵȣΣ
Ȼûñȡа⻹˵ô
ǻаأаʡ
аƬ̣аȻ۹ʮ֮һҲһҪаڸ練ơ
ˡааҲһĶ֣ǵСҲʱµ˵ǻѡôԺЧҾˡλһɢޣһֱػ켣֮УûнԼǿߵʵԺǵҪȱһССĻаڣֱ׾١ڸ£ȵǵչҲԪϼȴڻаҪõöࣿ
аȨ֮󣬱ҲͷȷʵˣǾȥԸԸ⣬Ҫ£ĽþˣʮҲһ˿ģһȷʵȴڻаҪǰ;ˡ
ȻɳԶҶȻ˻ʹĴƬȻаа˵̸Ƭ֮󣬱㽫˻Ҷָаа˶ԼҳϣûжģֻҪܹͿˡ
ಣХŴӿӹ
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ȻȵҽҲûܽһʬڻϿճʬ帩ȥ༫ΪӢȻͷûüëͷȴ˿ûиһֲ׵ĸоɫ𪣬䣬Ӣ
Ȼôţûдκͦε壬٣ȴܹܵһŸ߹ȣеĻҹУʿҲ֮һ
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ʱƣʬԱЩ½ҽЩ̣˹̬ʯҲ㡣
ʱʬƺǶһ£⸽һĻֻҪһĪ߲֪˶õʬ壬˿ȴҪɣ
Ƭָ֮ҲǶһ£ԭ԰׵壬ȴһ̣ͻȻ΢΢ĺ⡣ֹ۾ɫ۾貵ǳͫתһ£ɨܣ΢΢üƺЩɻȻ


292 ضֿ
죬ڵ˶ֿڣ;أռľҶг˷ŭ
ʱŨڵ֮У֮ǡС򡢴ׯȫ˷棬ƽʬ壬ֵǮĶˣݱջ٣ǻȳһ㡣
ʬ壬Ѫɺӣľӣֱԣ޶
ҶʶսǶôпᣬǧˣȻ¾ˣҶĹ˼ĳ
Ҷ磬Щ˶ɱ𣿡СҲޱȣɱһֱһԵ顣
Ҷȭͷÿ죬˵Щ۹İնԣִƽɽȷʵƿҪ̫ˡ
һȺҶŭԼ㹻ʵɱ۶ذκҰһƻɱˣʱһһһȥȡģ
Ҷǿѹеķŭ߶ٳҶɽȷȥ
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Ҷɽ֮УһǿеĽ񣬱֪Ҷˣɽ˷֮С
峤ˣ
̫ˣ峤ڻˣ
£һǷ׷׾£˹
Ҷӽܣɽе٣һüͷһԵҶİԶʵİԶ壬ɽôô٣ҸأôҲûҶǣ
ҶĻҶİԶһӾ峤Ⱦ峤ǰɣ
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ҶɡҶ诵ˣһҪսҶս˻֮۹ˡ
ɽˣûʲôΪģǵ죬Ҷս˻ǳٳûлǾżˡ
һȥڻֿǵİճˣ֪ҶʱҲ
İԶ壬ｻˣһҪ߳ɽȣȥȸǡҶ˽ϣڿն
ǣ峤ҶİԶ̧ͷֽǷɵ˿УӶȥֻɽΪҶҶսϣܹƽ
ʴԭ
İգѹѹһ㣬ԭ
Ҷս졢ҶսŻڤϿպХ⼸ʱҶս˻ЩգǱϣľأֻɽɽԭ֮У׼иʴȻٱϵ۶
ҲΪʲôҶӵ۶ȴûҶս˵ԭˡ
տʼѵȺֻȫǴӶֿӹģ;һЩ֮ԽԽ˼뵽ѵĶ֮Уﵽǧ֮ޣѹѹĶ飬ֱԸǴߵԭ
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⣬ﲻʱػӸ֣ɱЩѵİգҶս˾ͱ˻ڤ񣬳սĵطǴ򶷣Ҷս˷ɱЩտҪ¾ˡ
ȻսգҶս˵ľҲǸ߶Ƚƣֱļޡ
ǻ֪۶һУֻ֪;ĿرȫռЩĿĿǣг˾
ЩѵİǻǰУңŵ۶ΨһϣϣܹΪǳһƬ졣
үү˭һͷСŮ̧ͷһȺɫĴϿշɹÿֻ϶վźüˣСŮһ˫峺ӿߵʵ
Ҷǵػ񡣡Ǹմ๸СŮԴǵУһ˿˸ƽ۶֮һҪסЩˣػǡ
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ЩѵİǣÿÿϿշɹĻڤ񣬱㷢ĵظлߵ˿е֪ЩҹҹͣˣԶֿһҶұĵط
ľӻûյ֧飬ʮβЩıͬһֻֻײеҰǣʱطնɱգȻѸٵȴ
Ҷұ϶ֿԼܱ߿ػ㼯ĸ֣߽׵ǧ˰ٶˣ˽׵ĹһǧٶˣŽϵĹа˰ٶˣʮ׵ģҶս˹оŸҶսʵǿеʦĻڤ񣬱֧䡣
װ棬ҲΪҶұкܶһƷ鱦ҶսܿطһָһЩŵùҸ֡
Ǹ﷢˴ССʮս˫ˣʱֻβں棬ûзģĹ֮βںԽԽ࣬ﵽ˶ʮ֮ޡƽԭ֮һ׿սʼ
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ȻǳԸ⽫ЩǴԭҶս˱ѡ·ҪôˣҪô޺еĳɽ롣
һʼʹ⣬ҪǸԭȻʼΧԡ
磬Ѿ༯ˡҶսӥ˻ڤ񣬷ɵҶսֻڤĸҶս죬ǵ˵Ҷսȥ۶ҶȥˣҶսͼСȥ۹ʣµսֱ˻϶ˡ
ӦϵǰǸϽԭΪ˷һҶս쿴ҶսӥһҶˣҶҵжǣҶսˣûҶҶ
硣
Ըͬ
һսֱӯǵȴޱȼᶨ
Ҷսڤ񻺻½漯ĸ·֣ǵıǶǧˣҲʧȥпǲܺˣ죬ƼллλҶս첢սҶսмҶսԸλֵܣ
Ҷˡ
Ϊңҵı֡
Ҷߣҵͬҵ̰
·˷׷׸˵ţô׿սǶҶս죬Ǵĵܶѽ֮⡣Ǳ֣֮ɱһƽɱ׬һЩϰ֮˵ѪҲðˡ
Զһɽ֮ϣһ׵ԶԶźѹѹ¶һ˿Цκԣͳ˧֮һͳ츽ʮ
ָ£ֱʮһǳأǿǣһ·ɱҡ
ڵ֪Ҷ֯ڻϵϢ֮ʼЩΧ׷½أǸԭ֮УȻ˶ʮ׼Щɱ


293 
֪ȻѣϺܣһССҶңҲҸԿȴе㲻֪κһһӣֻߵ֮ϣűеľ޴ģսڷ졣
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Щľ񣬾ͨҲϵģһЩٷǧ򳤣߽ǰ˽׵ģ򳤼ȫǾŽ׵ģϵҲȫɺ죬ʮּ̣ҶսǱдһƷ鱦һЩС
ɱκһһ䣬ͬһ㣬ȥĳǹǸ߸߾
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
﷢ź֮Ϊֺ֮ƣ¾֮ϵĸ֣ҲҪΪ֮ľս
Щѵأ֧γһ޴ķս
ԶҶսףǱѾˡ
۹жǣɱҶսһĿ׷ٶȥԶɽ֮սƮȴǿͳ˧ʲôط֪λãնɱȻյЧǣͳ˧ôױ֪ȷλã
ʱҶս˻ڤ뿪·ЩʿǵʿȻһĴǲս
һǳ֮Уһ˲䣬ͬһ㣬ʬ嵹£ܶ˲䱻ǹ˺ѳ롣
ܶԷеĸֵǹЩȥ
أǵЩϣ޷Щһ˿ۡ
ۣǵ˲䱻ǹȻ󱻺ڷѹ
Щ֮ʬ嶼ĩ
үүүүҺ¡ҵİ֮УǸСŮֵ̿ؽţȴǱȺû
ǸرסСŮ̧ͷȥֻԶѾѹҶսҲѾսһ𣬴ʱܾǡ
ײһģ̧ͷȥȴһӿүүɢ޺ţҪԼүү˹ȥȴһѳǹүүţѪɽڣ˲һƬ졣
ҳһţȻǼķһ̨̨޴ĻеЧؽɱŸһУҶսҲ˿ս֮УǺܶ˶߰˽ϵĸ֣ҽƣ֮ʱȻ˲أЩһʱҲ޷ǵķ
Ҷս߶ϵĻڤ񸩳£أ˲ײϰ
һսʼˣЩʿǵĵֿȽϼңЩǷ˽ɱƽ񣬶ǽЩʿȫΧ
ƬԭѪȾ죬ѪҺڵʣ͸棬УѪȵϢ
ҶŽзӣȫͷŶΪ֮ҶܹǵԲʮϵķΧˣ׷٣ҶһЩսĺۼ
ȥһ·Զ죬Ҷ߶˳ŵϵʬ壬һ·׷ٶȥ
Ҷ޷һ·ϵ˶ˣ֮⣬в۹ȥߡ
һʬϣǾʬ屻ʮǹ̴ߣȴǵϰٸ
Ǿʬĳ࣬Ҷɫ˲Щףŭ˳ʬҶһսֱˣҶսңҶҪһ塣
ϲô೤ǹЩǹ֧ôվХڵ͵ͱ
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ذκҰѪҶˣһ죬ҪĶǣ㣡Ҷֱϣ¶ǱҶս壬Ҿ˸ǣٰΪ
ХϿӹƬ֮󣬱ʧʵľͷ
Сʱ֮Ҷ꣬ǽԭҵս֣ߵС
ھʱĻս֮˳һξ룬ԶԶѲ׼һĹ
Ҷս컷ܣǧʿѾǧ࣬˵ҲƣȻǻɱǧ棬ȴǶʮ
ֻ֧죬ֹĳսһ춼֧ŲҶսüͷԶȥֻгķӡ
κԪ˧˵ˣλӢۣλͶغ֮Ǳһǧ򳤸
ͶŶûУһߴĺӳ

˵䣬Ҫ˶ѾˣĻᵽڲ뵽ҪͶܹӲŵڣһս˵ģһú˱ĵģ
ǵӶŮǸĸкܶܶˣ֮£ڣǻͶĶԵȥˣ
ҶҶң
Ҷң
ҶսЩ˵Укܶڸң໥֣һ·ΪŽᣬǲԼ壬ȥͶ
Ҷսָ£ЩʿǽԲЩƣ˶棬渺һҶսѾ׼һ־սˡ
Щʬ廹ƥʬǰ棡Ҷսָ£˽ŵæµţһͣЩƥʬ壬һߴ׵ǽһǽڣЧصĳ
ûʱ䣬ǣЩȫˣҲҪǼףҶս쿴ԶУĿᶨ
Ҷս׼ӭһʱͻȻһ˿ָоһַϤԶȥֻյ֮Уһֻɫ౵ظһѸٵس߷
ǳҶսУȻ
ǣҶս켤飬һڼҲ˳ҶսĿ⿴ȥֻԶһֻɫ޵
ҵ죬ʦ޽
ǽϣӰ
Ҷ֣Ǹǣ˷׷ʵܹʹʦޣ˶ȻҲ򵥣ĪǴ˵ǸҶ棿
ҶҶҶսȻ˵
ҶǸҩΪӵţ˵ҶڵΪҲǴ˵еʮףôܹʹʦޣɻ󣬲һǿԮǻǷǳ˷ܵġ
Ҷɨ㿴˸סˣǽԲΧѻ˴ʬ壬ɼǾһս룬ΧסԶѹѹȫһЩطʬ壬Ӧɱ
жʮ
СȥҸǣܷʲô飬һҪǰȫҶ
ţȥ
ҶսϿշɹСӽıȥ


294 Ҷ
Ҷսͷ죬һӰһ׹
ǧ׸ߣôߵĵط׹䣬ʮ׸ֻ֣ҲҪһЩˣ
ǿˣ׹ǸӰһСкСк׹䵽ֻʮҵʱͻȻڰͣôڿС
ҶǡСҶս˵
Сȴǲ֪ľٶ·˶𺳡
ɣǣǿߣ
ҵ죬Сֻѣ
㵱СҶɽ͵ʱҶս졢Ҷս۵Ҳѹ벻СȻһǿߣ֪СǿߣǶС̬ȣҲôˡ
ǲ֪СʵʵҪ֪СʵԶԶֹ𼶣֪θ롣
ս֣λҶҵˣʵ˵ȿҶս֮ʱҲС
𼶣˵۹ֻһ˴ﵽ𼶣Ǿۣ
ȻڣȻֳһ𼶣𼶣ֻ꣬Ҳ̫˼ˣһ˾̥￪ʼҲʱ𼶰ɣ
Ȼʵǰ𼶸֣ôɣ
ʱκﶼ޷ĵ𺳡
ССΪβȥҶ磿Ҷս첻֪ԼСʣǲǶֲͷҲ飬룬СҶĻŸҺڡ
Ҷ˵Ը㹻ˣСɵӡ
Žʮȫװ𼶸֣Ҳһɱôɣ룬ҶʦĽ񱣻ЩҲ˵ҶһΣգҶ˽ߡ
ѹû뵽ҶҾȻĸ򣬿ǵþˣǷĵңҶҲǳ˸м֮飬ûҶңǺܿѾ֮ϵһʬˡ
ҶսƵƵȥķ򿴣СЦЦģҶûµģڵ۶ʱҶһ˴֣۶ֽףҶ确ս񡯣Щ˲Ҷġ
СĻʱһ㣬Щ㶡
С˵ʲôҶһ˴֣Ҷս۾ŵصС
ܱߵһȫɵ㶵㿴ңҿ㣬Ҳ̫˰ɣҶҶսĶӣҲֻǶʮҰɣһ˴֣кܶ˿֪Ҷ֮ʱҶŰ˾Ž׶ѣ
ҪƽʱĻֻһЦֻ֮Цڣ⻰ȴǴһ𼶸ֿ˵˳Щԥ֪òš
ССӡ
ǡҶսæҡͷǲţ飬̫ˡ
磬С꣬Ѿǿˣǳܹﵽǰ̶ȣӦҲġҶսӥһ˵
ǰǼʶ̫ǳˣû뵽ΪȻѾﵽ̶ȡҶսΪпص
ΧһǣҶսУԭȵľ֮⣬ֶ˼;ηҶսһӣδ۹ȻǾһĴڡ
ҶҵԸ׷Ҷ֪ҶǷԸҵȣȼ˳ҶսϹͶͬҶҳƳ۳ƳһҶǱļ壬壡ǶҶսΪˣҲʮֵΡ
ҵԸ׷ҶҶһǺȫ
Ҷս챻ͻסˣæȥˣλ
Ҷ˸
λӢۺܣҶսεºܣܵ˴λŵùҶս죬λҶս죬ҶҶλ빲Ҷսæ˵
лҶڶ߷׷׵
Զȥʱ򣬽񸩳µĵطǷ˼ҵĻսѳǹڽϣ޷һ˺һȣʮ㵹˳ȥ
ҶǱߣǾˣҶϣһѰɵ
ವһۣѪɽɵһ·ȥһһƬ̱㵹ȥһţһɵһ·ȥֱӻɱϰˣƾɢ
һһɵЩȥһһţҽаѡ
˿̵Ҷһɱһ㣬һ·ȥңתϵķɵ֮⣬ߣҲѷɵѷɵһ㣬κҿʮ׷Χ֮ڣᱻѷɵɱ
ಣһɵһ㣬ͣոЩ
ҶոճֵʱһǶЩҶһ֮ˣҲ赲Ȼʦ޻ߣҲǱɣû뵽Ҷֱ̫ˣǿֲķɵ֮
Զĸ֮ϣκԳ濴ȥͽ˶Ľ񣬻ɱһҶľûмһѷɵ׶ϰ
˵˭
ɱ𼶵ĸ֣жʮҲ㣬ɱһ֣ǴһָԶ裬ʣЩҶΧγһͰİΧȦһһ
κҲһЩ׼乭Ѿ׼һҶҪշߣԽҶ»ǿߡʮʮףһҶܣҲЭء
սʷϣзҲûбǵõֹʱ򣬱ֹһ־Ǳġ
ȻҶнڻҲʦĳ֮£Թ˲Ͼ
𼶸֣ȴΣҵߣ
κԹôҲ벻Ҷһ֣ͨǱǿöĴڣǵ¶ױʿʵҶױʿɨˡ
ȻҲױʿԸҲ´ˣҶһһǳƷ֣ȵĻֱȥ˲䷭˼ʮ
Ҷһ似֣ѷɵ߷裬֮ѪɽҶԺһĻĻӰЩ๼ǵ֮£˶۹޹İգ
ȻɱǣҲ޷ǵ
Ҷһ·ȥʬҰҶΧǧʬ塣
һ־սģʵȻҶȴǲͬսʱڵȻļ죬Ժеķɵͣش߶ԴԴϵز䵽Ҷĵ֮
һԽԽǵǰֱ̫ˣǾɽǲܺˣƽʱһ˹Ҳᱻ
ɱɱɱ
ﺰס
Զ󷽣һܼܹѾ׼
װϣ
װϣ
䣡
ֻһٵȳһļʸգҶڵķȥ
ӵɱڤ
ļúڤɣͿ˸ʴԵĶҺܹɵʮ׵ĿȻ£⹹⣬֮ʱᾭת٣󣬾һҲᱻһ𼶸Ҳסһ䣬ˣ½˵һ˿Ƥ⣬˵ĸʴԶҺҲЧ
֮ҶܵѸٵȥ
ؿ㻹һţЩ𼶵ĻҲܹ
ҶͷΧһ̧ͷѹѹļʸǷ


295 
ҶϽȥһ˿ѶϢųԱ߷ȥ
һЩѣҲɱңҶЦһתƺ档
䣡
һǿͷŶҶΧγһ޴ĺӰҶȫС
⺣Ӱһ㣬ԣͷâת
أ
ܼһֻ󺣹ϣȴȫ޷Ҷܵļͷ׷۶ϣɢ˳ȥ
ΧЩһӶɵֻۣ󺣹ʲôȻ޷
Զĸɽ֮ϣκԿһĻͷѣԶԶܹһ޴ĺӰҶȫر𼶵ĻҲ޷ȫλطסĹ
˾ǺΪǰû˵ˣκޱȣӡУ۹Ҳһֶѣ
֮ǰܼ£ҶսҲҶһѺҶһ似ȫʧЧҲʮ־ȡ
һУҲ֪ʲô似ʵҶսʶڵҶǴﵽȫ޷ľ磡
ϲҶɵңһڼǷ׷˵ΪпҶұʮ˱У㲻ʲôǿ裬û뵽ҶôһţҶĳ̶ȣĸ˲ϣԼļҲܹӿֳһţҲףָǼСġ
Ҷһɱ֮а
Ҷһ䣬ֵסܼͬһʩչʱҶͣת֮ǰʩչɵʱĵǻָ˴룬䣬һɵ
Ҳ׺ޱȣȻôǰȻָսˣһһĽ
װ󣡡
װ
ҶѸٵ˺Щֳһɵֶ
ЩֳڽŵװֻһĨĨۣǶǷ׷״˳ȥƥܾĴӣ·һҽһЩֱӲȳࡣ
СʱҶɱû˿ƣӡ
Ϧ£Ѫ
ɱ¾ڼЩҶּĸǰͬһ㱻ո
κˣˡ
ЩսϵǸ£ȫû֮ǰƣ
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˵ʮʮ򣬿ҲҶɱģ
κһ˿⣬ҪôȥЩľҪȫҶˣ
ҶĽ£ԽԽǷڣһʽһʽ似ʩչɵĲٿأҲش죬һµ򣬿ʼоһʽ
Ǭ֮УֻһСɱС޵У
տʼҶе㲻̫ڲϵƷ졢ŭɽӡضաŭʽ似ʽ似ľȫȻ֮ҶеһЩ£һǿϢ
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˱׵ȸȻԱգ߱øǿԱ仯ǧɻ˵С
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һ֮似ʽǴҪģ֮ɱС
һʽʵڣǰʽ似ﵽһ֮ʱÿһʽİÿһʽ񷡣֮ǰƷ似ҶΪЩʽͨƷ似֮󣬲ף괴Ǭʽǰһ˲õǰʽ似֮󣬱㻯Ϊ棬һ似ﵽһ־˵ľ硣
񷣬ʵת͸˵еһЩַ
ҶǰһһǳƷ֣˳ųƷʩչΧһأϰڲҽе˳ȥ׹ʱҵܱҲһƬҡ
һЩƷǴﵽܴﵽļޡ
͸֮Ҷ˷ܲѣʩչضյ似ȫļɣҶǿ֮£˴ҽڶ
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Ҷǰ似Ķˣ
ȥˣ
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Ҷʩչһ似֮Щİ뵽ǰʽ似֮ʽ似ȻҲǳɱӣҶڵЩ
߶ɵ֮󣬵֮ܿõ˲䡣
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κۿ޷ҶɱˣףٴȥҲֻͽͣˡԶȥԭʬҰľȫʬ壡
Щʬ뿴ȥҶȻκǺ⣬һﵽʲôˣ˵Ǹ˲һʮ߰꣬һʮֲ߰꣬ʵٹʮʮ꣬ǻˣĸ޻۹
Ҷվȥû׷ɱҲûʲôãһһ̤صʬ壬Ҷս߹ûմȾһ˿ѪҶŻѪǽϵġ
ߵʱҶԶĸ¿һۡ
κԸоԼ£һɿ־֮ĵ𣬾Ǳ֮޶һ㣬ԶȥҶԼ߿˹
ԭҶѷԼֻóְˣ
һֵʵܿЩԼɱƺҲʲô£
ȻҶȴûж֣Ϊʲô
ѵҶԼֵö֣
κԷԼĶͷһ˿亹뾡뿪
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Ԫ˧żһƫ߹˵
˵ʲô
Ԫ˧˵˻࿤Ⱥһָ
κ⻰ȴһûû񣬴˻ȥֻҪܵ𷣡
֪ʲôԭ򣿡
˵ĸֹ۹۶ԭ뽫ն׵ģȴ鷢һЩ仯вƫ
κƫĻͷһһЩѶϢЩֽչ˳ۻɱǴԪ˧Ȼǳǳʤ׷֪ڸ֡ȥĵ۶Ϊ˱֤鲻©ݣ˵ǱˣΪ˱仯ѵǱߣҲһЩ
ӣٳ࿤;õ󣡡κԵ
ǡƫӦ


296 Ѫ
ЩԲһǿȥʱ󻶺֮
һ·Ҷʱʮ߰꣬бһĴڡ
ʮ߰𼶣һɱòۣҲ˵ܹﵽ̶ֳȡ
˵Ҷڵ۶һ˻ɱ֣ʵĪǽ˴˵е𼶣
üĿҶվҶսߵһڼҲףǰ꣬۹
ӽ쿪ʼҶΪ۹սսĴ˵ҫƬأ۹İ
һַǰȫϥأ΢΢ͷ۹֮ﾴڣǷĵس羴ҶҶڳˣһ̿ʼ¶ģ׷ڵļ壡
ս񣡡
ս񣡡
һǸ쳹񷡣
ҶҶս죬ֻҲǳ˹֣֮УοнԺҲдȰ
׵Ҷı΢΢Щᡣ
ҶսӥһǣҲΪοӡ
Ҷڸô죿˿Ҷս죬ֿ˿Ҷʵôÿһӣͻȥԭǡ
ĻҶս˲˼Ƭ̣ٻҪ죬һ·ϣв񽫻
ף˵ľӿʼģˣ࿤ˣٹʮ죬ͻ᳷Ҷ˵ղκԸƫ̸Ҷȫˡ
ģҶսһ£Ҫˣһ£תͷȻǴǻضֿ
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㶫ֿӵϴ٣÷ǳưܣϾǵļ磬ǻڷؽ
ӽ쿪ʼҶս죬Ҫ齨ţ֮꣬ҪѪծѪҶսɫһ䣬֣ص˵
ѪծѪ
ѪծѪ
Ŀ֮Уֳǿҵĳޡ
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СæЩ˵˴ҶתͷС˵
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һһ߱ҶκãЩ֪ҶʱϵҶݣĵĸж֮顣
ҶߵʱӡеϻʨͻȻҶһ˿ѶϢ
ҶЩУһѪҸܵһ˿Ϣϻʨ˷ܼ˵
ѪʲôҶһ£ʵ
һԶŴȽ֮ǸҪǿˣǲӽĴڣ˵Իˣ˵ЩˣϽҵѪҪϻʨżشߴٵ
ҵѪܸʲôҶɻʵһе
ܸʲôѪãҪö࣬ѪȻ֮ѪҪǺ֮ѪԻϹŴУʱ˵Ҳܻˡ
Ѫ᲻ˣҶüͷ΢壬ʵ
Ȼ֮Ѫͨڹ֮УһųɡϻʨȻص
ǻǲˡҶæҡͷֲʲô׼֮ͽǵҵһ˺Ѫ
֮ʣ֮ѪǸ˵棬˵Զ޷Чãղɱɱһкη
ǲһЩɱ¾޹ǸǸ֮Ѫӵߣȴһ޹ƽǷǲ֣ɱ޹һħͷʲô𣿡Ҷ֣˵䣬Ȼ룬ħͷƺҲкˣ仰ƺôһЩףϻʨӦ˼
˺Ǹ˵ѪҲûбİ취Ǹ˸˫ޣȻЧһ㣬ʤҪǸǸеġϻʨҰҰ˵Լǰˣһ¡
ͣҶЩŹ֣Īһİ˫ޣ֪ԷŮҲ̫Ҷǽܲˡ
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Ǻðɣô֪֮ѪģҶһһʵҪôҵǸˣ
ͱˣʨү߹ű߹·ࡣϻʨøҶͣĻ⣬ֻҪһңĸҲлϢˡǸȻһ֮࣬ѪӦûɢһ˿Ϣ
Ҷ겻ͣһһɸѡŲ飬˴żʮ֮䵽һСŮϣǸСŮֻӣͷ棬ϴһƾɵĴֲ£һСؤֻ˫ӣȴ峺ޱȣ֮У͸һ˿⡣
ƺոտ޹˳ۣôȺĿĵţǸɢˡ
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ҶߵǸСŮߣǸСŮܣ˶˿ˣЩźµؿҶãȻ
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ҶȻΪСŮ֮ѪģҶϵõʲôҶҲû̫ʱչ׼֮еĳһԷ򸾸ϣڼķΧ֮£ܹںϵһ
ϻʨ˵֮Ѫʮ˵ãһ죬ܳɳΪһ֣ҶңǱҶ֮ң֮Ҫ뿪ҶңҶҲ


297 
Сɱ˹ҶҶ磬˺ܶˣǶˣȥưɡ
СҶС֡
Сգգ۾˿ҶߵЩӣ˹ȥ
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һʱڣۿʼԹڽ˴ģ٣ɱЩѹ֮ͽһЩ۹ļ壬ܶ඼Ǩˣмûüߣ壬̫ҽںڣԼƴ۹Կû뵽ͻȻڵĸִšɱ˵ȷ׷ɢ۹ڣҲǴ˺ܾã۹ǱߣһЩû뵽ױˡ
۹߷飬аа˵ıѣ۹ЩŰаڣسĬΪǵõϢ۹ڳû
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⼸ʱ䣬Ҷһֱ飬һǾѰһЩޣѱ뿪۹ЩޱܰҶңһǰϻʨѰСĸʨˣ飬ҶԼһƤˡ
Ҷ긲ǷΧǼΪˣЧ൱˵ģɽǰ̤һЩأҶҲˣɽĺܶ޶ҶֱѱŽ׵ٶֻʮ׵ʮֻʦֻʦֻѱôޣҶȻҲûиоѾ
ôޣҶиҶҵǣôڣһҶˡҶףôޣĳͨʨ˵ʨµǧġ
ҶҪӪ̶ֳȣ֪Ҫá
æµһ죬Ҷӡ棬ӡʱױʿϻʨ񶷣ѵ似
˵ôڣûʨүСĸʨϻʨƵ˵
Ҷʨүҵҵ˼ֻĸʨǶް޷ӡôҵģ⼸£ֻܹޣһֻǱӣһֻ¹Ҫʨүͽͣ
ҶĻϻʨѪܽ͵ˣңܹġ
ǿߣǲɿڵ𣿾˵ĸӻĸ¹Ƕղ󣬷ԻΡ
ûƷζϻʨΪмص
ҶҲϻʨƷζѵĸʨӾͱĸӺÿһЩҶǱȽϲ
ҶϻʨϹĵʱ򣬺Ȼ֮䣬һϢΧɨҶɫ䣬ǿߣ
ҶСӣиڣ㲻Ҫȥϻʨɫһ˵ҶʵĶ֣ȻҶαװױ𴩣һ𴩣ܻܿû
ʲôҶʵȭͷ̽⴦ɽˣҪǿ֣߳ҶұȻ
һֻǣ۷塣ҰϢĨȥˣӦò̽ڡϻʨ
ģ
Լڵ۶֮Ȼ鵽ҶɽҶü˼ŸӦԣԼʵȻֵĶ֣ҶΨһƣǾǲʨ֪ԼʵֻҪԼǱ߿϶ҲҶҶҵôϾҲ׵һ˽ʵ
ǣҪ׷飬ҲǺѣһ仰ùһ㲻ʮ壡
Ȼ֪⴦ɽȣԺ϶⴦ɽȣ˵ͻᱻҵ˿ƶϳԼ
ҶԴѸٵתţڸô죿
ʱҶɽȴǧ׿һ֮УһͷߴףͨɫľȻëɣȫ׳ʵļ⣬ݣɺ˸ű֮
֮һĩ
߹аͷǣ񶼱ϼ֣ͷޣĻʣͷҲʦ塣
£ûв̽ڣһͷʵ
ûУȫ޷֪̽˵֣Ȼһѱôʦʦ˾Ž׵޸ʲôô͵ȼޣһĴ˵ȫԺԲƣѵֻΪ˷Ҷң˵Ĵڣ㻯࣬Ѱ󾳽ͻƣҲȻôãΪ޷ȫ뵽֮У޺࣬չǲһġ


298 ʮ
õϢǸΣľȻһױʿҲΪء
λͷҲܾе㲻Ծ۹ǵĵ̣ͳôãôͻȻðһľȻ̬мڶĻڵص¥Ҷʱûüϸ̽Ҷȥ֮ԽԽе㲻ԾʱҶƺڿʲô
Ϊ˱ⱻƭǾǰ̽̽ôһҪ̽ҶʵǸҶдһ£ȷҶǷʵپѹͨһЩ˿һ·׷ٵҶɽȣû֮̽ȴҲҶڡ
ĪҶʱ뿪⴦ɽȣ
ٵȵȣһ߲鿴һ⴦ɽܲҵʲô
ĻҶɽǴСӹ֮ʱһɵۣҵ죬֥δҲ̫˰ɣֱͬϷһ࣡
Щ֥жôϡЩ֥Ҳ˼¶ѣ˰ǧ֥ȥˣֻƬ棬ôܼ֥
ѵɽˣӱĵط֥ȻֲѰô֥ͬʱֲҪķѶңʲô壿ѵЩ֥ټǧꣿ
Щѽ⣬䵽ֱһߴľϣľϿ˰ɫĻ䣬ɨ֮ʱɵΪ֮һ壬ôҲ֪ʲô֣ʲôǧȻδ
̽飬˵ĶԻĶ䣬֪ΪʲôһָоǸص⴦ɽ棬ǾҲڡ
ĪأΪҪأѵȷԼĵһĸ֪԰ԼŸյͱԷˣ˵ԷʵԶԼ֮ϣ
Ҳʲôۼû£
ʱӡ֮Уϻʨ΢ͻȻͷھɽǧ׿⣬Χа˵ϢӦ
Ҳ˵ĸĴڣҶȻһԼһԸˣ˵ĸˣʨүô̽ǵڵģ
ʨүҿ棬ҵȴܸ֪ǣÿÿֻ޶һ˼йأ֪ҲЩﵽһʱΧںһΧһһ㶼Ȼġϻʨ͵
ںϣҶһüͷ˽ñȽ٣Ȼ뵽˾쳽ܸжεһ仰૵ϣͣģӦָľ˵壬⣬Ӧָ񣬱ָ꣡ĿʼҪġ⡢ֿҪߺ϶ΪһһЩˡ
ϣͣʨүҷСӶиϣͣʨүˣˣʨүһֱһأû뵽Сһ仰˵˸͸ʨүҵеˣһ֮ˣ޷־磡ϻʨĿȵؿҶһŮһ㡣
ҶеëȻû취ʨү仰ھ쳽ҶȻû־磬쳽ĿƪѣŸոսһ꣬ʼڶأϣ͡һ䣬Ҫ쳽أܽӴǸ硣
ûнġ⡢ȫ۷ĸ֣ô̸Ͻߺ϶Ϊһ
Ҷġ⡢ȫŸոŶѣ
ϻʨϸϸؾ׽һ仰ܹܶı仯ʵҶСӣôأ
ϻʨȻԼ֤Ҷ˸ۣʨүȲҪˣĸͣңҸô죿
ʲôõĵģӡ԰ȫǲҵõ㡣
ҲңҵǻһЩֶΣֻһֱûɽȣҪһЩҲ֣Ǹ뿪ġҶƵصͻȻ뵽ʲô۾һʨүܲܽϢ͸ӡ
ҵϢ͸ӡϻʨҶǺһЦСģʨү뵽һȥˣʨүҸղž룬ʲôܰߣ϶ҪʨүҳҶСӣҡϡ͡ԣʨүǳˣҰĸҲǵˡ
ǾʨүˡҶǺһЦ
ӡĽ˺һ죬ҵϢ޷͸ӡϻʨ˵
õġҶףӡķ󣬻ѹϻʨӡĽУ˺һ϶
û̽ҶɽȣҶ֣ͻȻ֮䣬һǿϢҶɽһΪԲģͷ˳
⣬⣬⡭ҵүеŵſ˵ϣϾͷĴڣҲǼһЩˣûе򣬲Ҳǲˡ
оԼ˲佩סˣ޷һɱĻǿöϢоļٱǼǧһ˿ĵֿ֮ġ
⴦ɽΪλֲĴڣ
оԼԴֹͣתˣ־ӡ
˴űʳ˯һͳͳֲϣһ˿ŭ
ʣѵϢһԶżĴڣĻ̽鲻һѶϢ֪Է໹ޣֻ֪ԷΪǿ󣬶Էһͷҷ
С˲֪ڴ˳˯ðº
Ǽֻ㿴ңҿ㣬ЩɵۣֻǳƺΪ£ĪǴɽ﷢ʲôð˿˿⣬ܱ¾ƵµģʲôĴڣ
챾ãЩСƽϣڴɽпһռ䣬ڴ˳˯һ֮½ԽҶ֮˴´λűʣͱֱʲˡ
ƣӦ֮еһˣϧѪͳ̫ΣȻһԳûһֻʮʣȵķϲƽϣĻߺߡϻʨһ
һ֪λϹʱڵǰ˯Ȼһ۾ͿѪͳҵүʮǣǾϹŴܰĴˣȻҲֻλǰʹӡ
ŵЩɵˣҲϹŴܼĴڣֻɨһ۾˵Ѫͳ֪Ϲʮ֮飬ǿֲϢҲԲܹðóġ
ղĻһֱûв̽ԭԷȻǿһռ䣬˯һռ棬ܹٿռ䣬ҲǴ˵еĴڲӵе
Ժɽ֮ڡϻʨɵ˵
ǣллǰɱ֮Ͻ˵ԺʮӣҲ⴦ɽˣ


299 ߣ
ת׼룬ͻȻϻʨ˵˼仰
˴Ҷ֮ҶҸյͽ̶̼±Ѿ𼶣һΣܴ²Ҳϣ˺ףϻʨ͸һ˿Ȼɱ⡣
±𾳽磬һΣҵү룬Ҷ츳ΣʦϹŴܼܹ̳ͽҲ
ңһȻҲ޳ȫ߸֪
ֲ޲£߾ͻȻðһεԭǸ˲𼶣̶̼¾ʦΣҲ̫ˡ
ҲҶˣҶʲô飬ɽλϹŴһŭûҷ
аֺλϹŴܣõô޷ġ
ֻǣλϹŴͷϣĸҶ죿
ǣ£򲻸˺ͽԺͽ֮عӭ򡣡æͷλϹŴܶҶͽܻͦصģ֪ǷܹͨҶˣֺλϹŴܡ
ȥɡϻʨ˵
ϻʨĻظתܣƬ֮󣬱ѵ֮⡣
ЩǣҲ׷
£ʲô飿һͷɻʵ
ԭǸһ࣬ŵ𼶡
ȻǼһȻðŪΪʲôץһֻʵ
鲢ô򵥣룬һ࣬ô޳һΣ
Ļһд棬԰ȫǵ֪
û֮̽£ŷ֣Ǹ˻иʦ˯Ǵɽ棬ȻϹŴܼĴڣû̽˺ܾãܸоϢе㲻ԣ˺ܾãûзλϹŴܵڣ˭ȴλϹŴܸˣԭλϹŴɽ濪һռ䣬˺ѿռֻ֮ɢһ˿ϢҶʱоȫӲ޷ٿػǾԶ̫ϾĴڣ̫ϾǰҲϣµ˵
Զ̫Ͼ̫ϾҲϣû̽ģɲǲţ̫ϾĳޣҲ޷չ¶һ˿Ϣʱ򣬱㽫ס
ľѣǾʲôĴڰֲøղǸо쬵ģԭѾڹŹһȦĳڣһͷǻɢ
λϹŴûзŭֻ޷Żˣ˵ϹʱڣʮǣֻλϹŴܵۡ
ʮǣɻȴδ
ǵȻ֪ҵ棬ϼأ˵ϹʱڣʮǷǳǿĴڣ֮ʮָ߹ѪͳֻǺ֪ΪʲôͻȻȫʧˣңҲֻмϡһ˿ѪУһԳûгλϹŴһ۾ͿҵѪͳпصһ۾ܿѪͳ˵ʮǣȻϹʱڼмʶǰ
Ӧô죿һͷʵȻλϹŴܲǣǾֻ˻ȥˡ
ҵһڣҺԺ񣬲ýɽ⣬˼ɽҶ֮ˣΥɱ⣡ȥô˵ؾ֮УҴһڣλڽ崫֮ǿ񵶣ŻڣѾ֮ã˵ԴһЩ⡣
ǡһǷ׷Ӧ
λϹŴֻ˵ÿҶɽ֮ڣΪ˱գɴýɽ
Ҫ뿪Ȼ뵽ʲôʵǿɲ̽ҶҾǺ·˲ɽ֮ڣ
ǵˣҶԭֻǶֿһʮ˱Сķ֧һֱܵʮ˱ƼұĴѹǿĸҲŽסǼһҶĺ󱲣⵽Ƽұ֮˵͵Ϯϣֻû뵽żĹ򣬾ָΪͻͽֱ۹ҩΪӣѧϰμ˽֮һսٺӽ֮ػڵ۶ʱ򣬱㱻ǵ˲̽ΪһǵԭǻΪҶѾˣھϵʱ򱻵˰µҶһתһ룬ԭҶǸһϹŴΪͻͽ¼㵽𾳽磬еˣô򵥣
Ϣ𣿡ǳʵ
ҶһֱһڣһǿߡԱһǵܶ˶ţΪҶ˵ٻֻΪˣĪȷ£
Ҷ汲Ǻ·˶ãʵ
Եȣһϡһֻһϵ鼮أǷء
ãǵһֱǰ׷ݣ۹ʱҶϻ£ʱҶҳһʱҶұѾһˡ
ǰ۹ǰᰵ۹ǧ꣬ҶҲ츳׿֮ˣʱᰵ۹̫ϾţëҶ֮УҲʮ̫Ͼ
ǰ׷ᰵ۹֮ǰѾǳˣʱĹҽᰵ۹ǧ꣬һЩԽ̫ϾĴڣ˳ΪǿߡȻҲҶңʱҶǿߡ̧ͷؿһᰵ۹ϣܹƪڶϰƪᰵ۹ϣصĶϺˣЩϺܶ඼Ǽ¼Ļ䣬û뵽ȻҲҶң֤ʱҶӰǳ֮󡣡
ˣٲˡڰֵҶҵļ崫УԶϣһңܹһϹŴҲпܵģ
û뵽һƫԶ֮صС壬ȻԴԶʷԻޱȵļ壬Ȼûɽһͱ壬ĪǸҶʵڿȥˣԽٵҶңҶ
ԽԽԼĲ²еȥѯڣһԵǣҶ֮ˣҶɽ֮ģ
УҶ֮Ҷս죬۹Ļʵ۲˶ֿڵҶս죬ڰ۹Ŀǰڶֿ֮ڣһǵ
˼Ƭ̣ȥǢǸҶս죬һôϵɶҶңҪҶ֮ˣжҪЩʲôڷֵ֧ȡ
ǣ£һ°ףǸкͷӦ
һĴ֮£һ̣ʧʾͷֻǸкѸٵشͣһµˣòӢֻü֮䣬һ֮εúܺãʦϵֲоͨ˸ֲˡ
ײɱƣͬʱҲǷǳǻ۵Ⱥ֪ôܻȡ档
ǺɽץһƥڷźڷֿǶȥ


300 
Ҷɽ֮ڣӡС
ˡϻʨһЦмֵ⣬ϻʨЩССŵƨ
лʨүҶϻʨʵ޷ӦЩֻܶŲԽǶŲЩǲǳصģԡ
ҶԼеһˣװŪǸǾԼʵôôǿԼηмӣҶףԼʵԶԶǿ
ʨүҺʱ磿Ҷʵ
ϻʨһҶٶѾǳˣЩǣҪ޵Ҫǧ꣬ƳǽȻ̣ٶȽϿ죬츳׿鵤ҩҲҪʮϣһҪꡣ̶һ겻ʱ䣬ڣۻڣ㻹޳𣿡
ǣ޷磬ʱΣաҶƵԼʵЩĶ֣Ҷڣȴǵ𼶵ĵˣҵΪܹͻƵ𼶣ǻʵӦþͿˣ
ϻʨƬ̣ҹͻƵҪ꣬Ѿ츳׿ܴ֮ﵽļˡҪΪͻƵ𼶣Ҳûа취½֮УкܶϹȱµĶǵõһҲͻơֱһЩ̫֮֮ȵȡ
ѰϹűҪȥң
½ʮأڤѾ̽ˣڵʵܹġ⣬֮ǰ˵ȥص¥ص¥Ҳֻܴ㣬ߣ·һҵĽ飬ЩأûǲҪ̤㣬Ȼף̫󡣲ҵһõطȻҪȥ۹ȥһ۹˵ջ񣡡ϻʨ
ʲôطҶüʵ
Ĵ½ҾͲһһϸ˵ˣⶫ½ϹŴǹʮƵĸͨߣŵʮ֧Ԫųǡʮ֮ϣȫӲޱȣ̫ϾǿߣҲ뽫ǲһƤϿɽ죬Ļֱصлǧʱ鱦Եߵ֮۹ĸšὫǵĵϻʨ渵
Ҷ𾪲ѣû뵽ⶫ½ȻһطǵҪȥһ
߲㣬߲㣬ǰȫһ㲻ˣҲѵõʲôõıһ߲֮ϣΣأҪСˡϻʨ
ȵ۹˵ɡҶ磬ǳ棬Ϲʱڵǣôĸ궼̮̫Ͼĸ֣Ҳ䲻ЩһƤԪųʲôطҶԪ֣뵽˵ص¥Ԫǰ
ԪųǣǲܽӴģң֪ҲֻƤëˡϻʨȻһ̾ûȥʸȥģֻҵǰˣûǰ
ʨүҲ֪ǸʲôԪųǣҪʸҪʲôʸ
ʨүϹʱڵߣôǸʮǣʨүʹӣҶ˺棬ʵ
Ҷʻϻʨ΢΢ЩΣڨڨһЦ˵ҵʹӣǴģһϻʨһ壬е۷ȺҲ¡
Ҷ˵ͷʵΪεô೬ǿߣڵԶ統أ
Ҷʻϻʨɫһ䣬Щη壬飬ʱǲҪ֪Ϊãһ죬׵ġ
Ҷ΢΢üϻʨΪֹϹʱڵ׷ʲô飿
ôҶǲһЩȤȥ۹֮󣬲ȥǱ߿
ֿǡ
⼸ҶսȷʵæˣȻкܶ˰æҶҲʱعæһЩ˵񣬿̫ˣһдС˶ҪҶսԲٵ
Ҷսߣֻʦȫһûʲôġ
ڵ²鿴˵һЩϣҶսͻȻоһϢһӶ͵վͺȵ˭
ǱӰеĺߵ˵ƹ֮£ֻʦ޶ûзԼȻǰŸոսûõ෢ˣޱȾȣҶսĹ볣˲ͬ
ҶΪϹŴǰĴˣĹЩҲ֪λϹŴܴҶʲôȻЩ⶯ҲףԼҶҵĹȻǵλϹŴܲ죬Ƕԣһѡ
˭Ҷսǰڷ꣬Ŀ¶һ˿֮ɫоǰڷʵܹƥеģֻܹܿʦޣȻԼߣɱҲ練ơ
ҽкǲ޶⣬ֻҶ޺ãɽֵĵַҶ鷳ȥѰֻҪ˵Ҷҵˣֵػǡ⣬һһЩǬóһµӣӷҶսǰϣȻ򿪡
һ˵˱ǶҶսҲЩʶˣĶ˿ȵԶ͵Щǧ߹ǧ̥εȵȣ˲ò̾ǰڷ˵Ĵֱʡ
ҶսԼӿ궯ƽ̧ͷڷˣƽʵ͸ҶôණǺ⣿ҶҪʲô
ֻҶ޺ãսλǰǰԼ䡣ڷ국һЦЩӵƸ˵ʲôҶͨңӦһʾ޶ƸˣܵҶս¶һ˿ϸɲ΢ЦȻ¶ˣλȻҶҳΪȴûаҶŪ̫ҩ
ЩҩλϹŴ˵ӦǲںģҶӦ㹻ˡ
Ҷսһ£¶Ȼ飬ڷ˵ģӦҶұˣڹȻԶ֪һʲôȻͽᡣ
ҪҪգһѯҵĺҶҶսҲһֻѶ񣬸崫ѶϢ
һҶģȻҶСʱҶսһûһţһֻѶط
ҶսѶϵֽһ£תͷԺ֣ҴҶĶҶллĺ⡣
Ҷս΢΢һЦԺǻ͸Ҷң׼ҶһĸأλϹŴܶøС
ҪսֿôѶ硣û飬Ҿȸˣ߶սˡ΢΢ֵ
һͺ֡Ҷսͳ˿


301 
ҶɽڣѶŷ֮Ҷüë΢΢һ¶һ˿΢ЦŵĶհײա
ЩҶңҪҶұλܡĺøУֻ֪ҶŪƭ֣ٶ˼ûá
Ҷ޷øУʨү֣Ҷָʲôͬʱļ壬㱻壬ʨľ˳ȥкܶ˶ưҲԭ
ʨ֮УҶ϶վʨһߵģ
סԼӵ㹻ʵˣٸһˡ
þǰ۹ҷԼʵˣȰѻʱ˽˵
ҶС˹
СʦгɡҶС
Сóʱ飬ֻһʱϿճһߵӰħơ
ǰҶ΢΢֡
ҳʲô飿ɨһҶʵ
Ѿ۹ֿڣص¥ԶǷҪǰͻصص¥Ҷʵ
¶֮ɫصص¥֮СǷҼ
⡭²СҶһµСڵص¥ֵطҶɲġ
ʦʦһҲҶ磡Сɥ
߳˰죬㽫Ҵص¥ڴ飬پǷصص¥
飬ʲô飿Ҷһ£ߴص¥ȴʲô£ͷõģ
»ص˻ʱ棬ҶСص¥Ҷҵص¥ڵٶȣСʱѡ
ԼĪ֮ҶС˵ص¥ڴСٴνʱ˳ٻߡ
֪ǰҪʲô飿Ҷʵıǵص¥ڣϷġص¥ĸֲԾ
ҪҪܵǴжǿ˵üë޷ԶɵԶһƬĵطҶСǶԶһ㣬Ǵܹ֮ܵġ
ҶľѣĪ׼Ǵ
֮ǰһֱƴϢǴٳûʱƣǴѰߵڣֱߺɱΪֹҪڵܷס١
ҶСվڵص¥ĸ֮£Ҷ֣ص¥֮󣬵ص¥ĽƱԶˡ͸Ԫǰ˵ص¥ԶΪֻҶҲûԪǰˡ
ʱ棬һ˿ۻϢɢ˳ȥ
ҶоһǿѹеľϢ
ϢȻϻʨӡӡϢҪһЩҲǿޱȵĴڡûйģֻвˣӳǿ
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ʦѾͣ˺ܾúܾãһֱûнףԽ˲뵽Ҫ㽫Ź鵽֮УԽٶȣֱҲ޷ʦˡԴӸҶ֮ҶͣظιʦǾۻ굤굤ָı츳ĵҩԼ壬һֱΪƣôãһףЧȻͼΪˡ
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307 ذ
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λѣˣذǰ˾Ʒ鱦Ҷ治ر𼤶ƽؿիʵ飬ذһѷһЩˣǻ飬ܹӵϡ


308 
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ⶫҲҪǿ֮Ѫ𣿡Ҷӹ춦ʵ
޷ѣǿ֮Ѫܹѣᰵ۹˿϶ôˣʱǿ߱Զڡ
ϵҶ룬իʶҲޣϳҲ޷жⶫʹãҲˣټˡ
֪˲ذ÷춦컹Щջġ
իöǮҶʵ
ѼɡիС˵
ҶĬƬ̣һһռСǬһٶöãˣתͷССߣ
ȵȣٹ᰿վ˳סҶȥ·
ʲôҶ΢Уһ⣬ǡ
λѣᣬǲ׼鷳еĲذ춦ֻҪ㿪ۣٹЦǺǵ˵˵֮ʱһӰǴ¥Ǳ߷ɿȥˡ
Ҷһ⣬סԼȻӻ
򣿿ԣó򣬻һǧûǮĻͱװ⣡Ҷ˫ֱأؿ˿ٹ᰿
ٹ᰿˶Σ֮ǰǻЦҶûǮţڣǸõóô
֪λôƺղȷʵЩף£Ը⣬ȥһСŮô᰿˵˿ؿҶһߵӡ
᰿ò⸱߿˵ӣ޵룬ºܶ˶̲סĶҶ⡣
Ҷ᰿ûаֺøУ뵽ղYб绨òҼԸϵ·ȫұһΣ
ҶĻΧٹˣԶǾ÷֮ˣ᰿һۣ᰿ģˣǺε֮£вֳһЩ޵ĳ
᰿һװճģǰΰһֶֻղзͦΣ˼伫Ʒ
ڴ֮ͥ£Ҷ˵Ϸ᰿ǵͨ죬оΧĿԼѲʱԱ߼һۣŭʲôٿ
ٹ˸ϽεջĿ⣬ӦǹͬŬסҶʱǱϾҲǴģеɵҶʲôҪסҶٵȼ֮˶ᡣ
úܣ㻹Ҫѱ˵ñ˿ɣҾҪôˣҶĿ޼ɵ᰿ϣڵļ壬һطĿԴ͸·ҿΣ
ҶĿ᰿ؿϣҡͷ̾أأû뵽᰿ƷζȻ˵ӡ֪ϣ˭ǿĻ֮
ҶĿƺܴ͸·һ㣬᰿оԼǱǹվҶǰҶĻɫǺ죬۹ٲֹ壬ȷʵã᰿ڡ
û뵽᰿ǸŮٹ˶ɫؿ˿᰿
᰿챻ըˡ
Ȼ޵ҿǰɣ¿Сƽ̹ûһ׸⣬òǣλ֣ҪȢţиˡҪСſܻᾭñӣҶһٹЦټ¿
ҶĻ᰿ζըˣЩ鶼˵˳ԼԺôˣ̲סˣŭҴϹĹۣǳһƤޣ͵سҶ۾ȥ
᰿Ƥ޺ХҶȻ᰿ڰ಻סˣղѾǺܾˣȻȳ֣ͱҲˣԭǲŮ˵ģڮًY͸ô򣡡Ҷץ᰿Ƥޣסƾһ˹ȥ
žһҶһ᰿ϣ᰿ʱߣֱһƾǻۣ
ٹ˻իһ£᰿ǵڵΪһУȻ㲻϶⣬Ҳǳˣ᰿ŭ˦ƤޣȻҶ׵ץסˣһƾ᰿ϣ᰿Ȼ޷ܣҶΪҪԶԶ߹᰿
᰿С̿Ҳ᲻ôȻﰤһƣû̬Ҳ˲ˣƿڴСȻҴңҪ壡
Ҿ壿Щˣû˾壬ôҪҾɣûı¡ҶһƳ˹ȥžһ죬᰿Ҳ׵ϸߡ
ŮˣҶֻǽѵѵûɱǶˡ
᰿׵ϸߣҸƴˣ״سҶ
ŮˣҶءһһ˦˳ȥһƸأ᰿һƳɡ
᰿ֱҪιȥˣټǰһҶ̫ˣһҲûй˼Ŀݣǰ̿һֱɱᣬֻ˵ķݣû˸ô
Ƕ𣬻æ᰿ίش
ٹĪٱ˳һ£Ҷ֪ʲôΪ涼Щɵ
ǲæһȥҸǽ̤̿᰿
ٹһҧҶǱϾһЩ𼶵ĸ֣ͬ˵л֡ǲ²⣬ҶԲ̿ɱˣȰ᰿˵Ȼ֮޷峤
⼸ҶֻСವһ
ҰССٹһ֣ҪСȷɳȥֱСؿڵʱ򣬡ءһ˦һ龫֮ϣֶʱ÷飬Сȴ˿
ҰССŭسٹһȭ
أ
ٹ˵˳ȥˤ˲Զҷ˼ӣƿƿ޹žϣһأɫ࣬ŸһȭҪѳӶ³ˡ
ţأĪٱҲһһ˳ȥ
Сʲôˣֱ̫ˣǼǼ˹һ㣬ֵؿС
իҲСʵˣСֻѣòȴŲֵʵ
СƺδȥٹһȭߣֻٹҽвѡСȭͷ𼶵ĸҲӲСٹ˻ᱻһȭ
ǲƹٹǸҴңˣ
ٹ˲ͣش󺰣ӭǵģȴС籩ȭͷٹ˱ȥ
ٹ˱Сñף޵ģĻʲôӵܵķȡ
ССٹ˸ģǵŵŵŵϿ˺üţʱѪɡ
ߺߣܣҵ˹ʵһ˼ûУСһ˵ţһֵŵŵٹ˵ƨ˼ţٹǲҽ
ԱߵիոƶһһϢʱ
իҲҪ𣿡Ҷ΢䣬˵
իоϢǿԶԶԼĶ֣ԲҶĶ֣Цˣ²ǸµĶֻ֣뻯˫ĶԹ֣
ŪļիɣŪ٣Իռ⳥Ҷ˵žžžֳ᰿ƣ˵㲻ҪҾô
᰿ٹ˱ᣬһӣ׹ҶܹǵģҶһСʵǸӿֲҶ׺ŵˡ
̿Ů
᰿û˵꣬Ҷžһ˹ȥ
ǡҡ᰿ֱ˵ҶžһƳ˹ȥ
˲ôľ㣡Ҷ᰿ڸģŮ˾Ƿѵ˼ƣ᰿òڹϵҲϲˣǲƺӲģΪǿ˲ôɱ㣬ʱ㱨Ҳˡ׼·ǹ⣬ҵķ̿һȦȻԵ
˲ôһ⣬˵ҵķкüûԶˣҲˡҶյ˵š
㣬ҪɱңֻҪԸŹңʲôҶԸ⡣᰿ŵ۴ޣȻԸЩҲǸŮ˶ѣľҶţһ뵽Ҫ޳Ե᰿ŵɫҰס
᰿ĻҶü᰿һȤûУ᰿״Ҷ룬ŮҲѵˣҶɱˣ仹ǸŮˡ
᰿԰ɣʱһܶԣɱ˲ʲôһ仰Ҫ˱˾壬ӽ֮ɱһˣǽֵˣǿҲ㣡Ҷһ˵
֮ǰҶսʱ˵Ļƻᱻ᰿ٹ˳Ц֪ڣҶСչֳʵȴǲòţʵǵı֪ǿʲô̶ȣ
û˾尡᰿ۣԺҲҶɷˡ
ϣ̿ţҪ뱨ҼĸֹʱͲô˽ˡҶߵһɱ
Ҷӣ᰿ٹ˶һ
᰿ٹҲ˶»ˣ̣Ļȥ߼鱦ȻҪôҲȲҪ
ǲˣ
ԺҲˣ
᰿ٹæ˵ľսѣһޱȡ


309 Y
Щ˵Ĳ״ҶǿڶҲˡ
СߣҶһԵС˵һӣһǬ䵽ϣի򻵵ЩӦ㹻⳥ˣ
˹ˡիڨڨһЦ
Щ裬ʲô鱦ƷһЩͨĶ¾Դ´࣬²Ƚ鷳˵㡣ҶĸҿҶҪ
С˫ֲһС˵ӣҡڵشٹ߹۾ٹһۣٹŵøϽˣǽߡ
СһСåӣҶݸһЦߣѧˣСôųֻ۸˵ķݣ̨籣òƻû۸С
ҶСȥիҵһͿƬ̣һЩʹӴ˺ӿ˼ի
᰿ٹһףǵĲվ
ƣܺãٹݺݵصơ
ƿЦٹԩĳ֣ĳ֣¸㣡Ǹ˵ʵԶ֮ϣҪǳ֣Է˵ŭɱ˰
ٹ˳Ĭʵȷʵˣ᰿Ůˣ¶ˣǱһ٣ǿһ᰿Ȼϲɫĵȴһ˿
ղǸͯ꣬Ǳ㲻ǶˣӦΪǸʵǾˣͷСô黹˰ɡիȰٹˣٹ˱ȻǸţЩţһЩϵҶԣȴǲġ
ٹĬղô֣ȻһСú޻֮СӦȷʵ𼶵ʵˣôСĺӣΪԺǻˣ
Уһ仰Ʋ֪˵˵ի˵
˵ɡٹƳһիϵľʹ˻һһ
ˣһ꣬ǸģҲʮ߰꣬Ϊıǵ˳Щģիؿһٹ
ٹһ٣˵˵ı󣬻бĸ֣
̿ٹȻõģٹǳԶţĳٹһǰôҲҪһ𼶵ĳŰɣôҲӦһӰɣЩǲӣܾͲˣǡիֹǵľٶ˵Ѿ˱˵۾춯λļ壬ܾ֣֮
իĻٹĪٱˣǱЩµ᰿нԶһիĻȻЩΣǲòϣȷʵĿܡϾ½ȷʵһЩǿҴڵġ
һᣬװˣҲسӣ
ٹؿһ᰿ŮͻȻ֣Ҳᱻһ٣뵽Ҷղ˵Щ᰿Ҳǲ˼Ľ١
᰿ҪҸףȸˡٹ΢΢֣һȺˣһȳһյ뿪ˡ
ø߿үүô˵᰿Сص
᰿˵ųųû˵ǵĲ£뿪˼ի
ҶСһ·Ӽի˳ȥڳ˼ҷݳԶɫѾЩˣ׼峿ϳڡ
Է˲٣кܶ˶ĳڱ顣
γڱᣬŶɴǰǰδеһʢᣡ
˵ٹҲᵽһֱ׷֮ŮҶY飬᲻
ݣ۹һĵһ֣һ۹д裬ǳ˷ͷ˵֮˶ҲΪأ
۹ţݡ컹˾ͽǳţ츳׿˵ã
ôȾ۹һţþˣ۹壬ԲҲΪɵǺֻ𼶵ĳϹ˶ȴ
Ҫˣ
㲻֪Ƶ֪ʲô
˵ѹҿ˵ʮı壬˴ֽ룬һЩңҲɸִӸҸ˵еҩǣҲһЩû
ʲô
ҾͲ֪ˣ
Щ;˵Ļѱ棬Ҷ˺ܶйصϢһЩڋYģ֪YôˣҶ΢΢Ȼ
ѵ᰿ٹˣӦòԼˣСĽ䱸ΪãȷΧû˸٣Ҷŷ
Ҷڿջһϣʱ̹עΧĶȷû˸٣ŷģЩӵܣҲȫûӡԼչֳʵӦǰסˡ
峿
С߰ɣҶС
СҶĺ棬ӿջ˳ģһ
ȥѽ˵Ȼֻ峿ֵУǳˡ
Ҷûһ˼Ÿȥڡ
·ţ̧֣ͷȥԶ֮УһϤӰӳӰҶСҶ᲻ϵãģһ£һ侲ŵĳɣȻֻǲҲͬˡ
ΧЩ·ˣ֮󣬷׷פ㣬ĿͶ˹ȥʱ·ڴ˿ͣ١ò˶ǺΪ֮ͣ١
Զƺ͸һЩˣƺһЩ˿ȹ趯·ҪƮȻȥ
ȻǋYû뵽̿ˋY
YҶϲغӿŲǰȥ
Ů͵ضһ£Ҷ߿Ŀ¶һ˿ϲúͼ
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ģǋYΣ
Өζȫû뵽ȻҶԴ뿪Ҷұ֮ʱ޿̲ҶұһһľҶұǣҶΪõʱ⣬ҶҶȹģҶռķ̫̫ء
ÿһ죬μҶϤζ·ꡣ
YҵˡҶĵ˵ţȺ첽ҶYȥ
ҶϤӣиӿ˽ҶĻرסҶһȻԶٷֿǣԼôôҶҶұһ֮֡
ҶYһ˿ᶨ;תһֻȻĺԶȥ
Ҷ磬㲻۹ҶY૵˵ţˮӳ˰׿⡣
ҶҶYת뿪ʱסˣ֪ҶYΪʲôôҶYеϲã˼ҶYΪʲô֮תߣ
ҶYԭվĵطһԼĪʮϸһҶĿͬӥһ㣬Ȼ𣬸ҶYĺ档


310 ڣ
ţҶվԭأû׷ȥĬá
Y⣬ӋY㲵ɫϿYڳڹòãҶȭͷYСԼһ𳤴󣬴ûܹʲôί
ҶϵʱǋYԼѾˣҶ׋YԲô飡
YԼתߣܿʲôԣҶYɿաղǸϸ˿ԼǱҶЩʲô
ڣҶĿ⽥
뵽ʲôٹ˵ЩٹҪȢYҶһʲôٹҵҪǾж£ȻȢYڳҲڵʱ򣬰ыYˣҾ̤ڣыY
Ҷŭա
Сߣȥڣ
ȥʲô
ܣ
ϲˣС˷ܵ˵š
Ҷһ·죬ȻˋYYʹͱ˵飬ҶĶҪˣYھȻѾǵ𶥷ΪˣվڋYǸһڵĸ֡
С㣬㲻Ҫ˸ԼǲٹδޣòҪκνӴǳڣûʲôô
סҶY鲻ص
κνӴ˵Ҳʲô飬һ˽ɱģ䵭ص
òҪԸղǸôȻҾҲȥҶYᶨޱȣصǸ
ҲûвС˼ֻҪС㣬С㲻޸ٹǳڣҶңҲ֣֮˵
ҶY΢΢һ٣¶һ˿ˣʵ̫ˣ޷һУһֱͣسԳصҩݣʣڶ̶һ֮ͻƵ˵𶥷壬ףڵʵ޷ıԼҶҵˡ
ĬĬظĺ棬һֻϣֻڿն𣬳Զȥ
ǸҶYĶԻҶ۾΢΢һɱЩ˾ȻвҪҶңǵҶңһ֣˵ҶҾ͸ˣڣҶңûôף
YɵΪ˱Ҷңƾǰڲô
ҶС̿ǣϽ֮󣬽񳯳ڷȥ
YֻޣȻʦģɼܹΪ۹ǰĴţҲЩʵġ
ʱȲY̽һ̽˵
Сʱ֮󣬽һ·Ⱥɽ֮룬Զһ߷ֱƣɽɽϣһΰĽǶУ಻ƻֺꡣӦþǳˣƼұĽȺһȣȴǲ̫̫ˣĽȺռȵƼұļʮֹ
Ҷ΢΢ĿоȺɽ֮˶ʮϢʮ𼶵ģ棬ȻҲв޸ֳû
ɽ֮ϣһǿѹ£ӿɽϿȻһ
ڣȻ˻ɽ󣡡
ܹĻɽ󣬵Ӧ൱ۺģ
ǸҶҷ֧֮ǰڱѾϣǿ߱ȻЩûˣձȻһܹġ
ɽſȥһ޴ɽţϢ
кܶ˷޻ƥͣɽǰĹ㳡ϣȻн룬ΨYǸֻʦķһ·ɽ
ǿз룬ܻᱻǻɽɱ
Ҷٿؽ񣬷ȥڹ㳡ͣ
ʲô˶Уܶ˳Ⱥӣƶǽɽġ
ҶŽ˳ɽŷȥ
٣ֵܣֻǵʦĽ񣿡һӴ˹۵ؿ˿ҶݵĴֿԼֻʮ׵ëѪ
Ҷ˿ǸӣӶʮңȻҲǵ𶥷Ϊ΢΢ͷ˵ɽȥ
Īף۹еͷҶʶȻûֵܣʲô֣ĪЦʦޣҪųϼõ𰡣ȻΪΪûͻƵ֮ǰòʦ޵ġ
ⲻ۵ӾȻڵڵģҶı黺һЩͨʨµģ˵Ժõõǡ
ҽҶСҶһߵС˵
𣿡ĪǸ˾Ҷı仯ҶûΪԼǰģӦЩͷģͬʱڣͻͶˣӦøǽõġ
Ȼ㲻Ҳģ
ǵȻˣôûƷζŮģμӱŮ϶ܶ࣬˵ŮɣұĽĶ󡣡Ī㽵˵һǱߣڸŮϣһ̾
û뵽ȻôҶͷװʶһ·ߵɽǰ档
Ҷ׼ɽ֮ʱƥͷ˹һӣϡ
̿ˣ
Ȼ̿᰿
ҶǱ߿ȥ̿ʮңĸߴ󣬼Ϊ࣬ȣҶɨ̿𶥷弶Ϊ󻹸ʦ֡
̿Ӧû൱ġ
ΧЩ˵Ŀ⣬ˢһ£ȫ۽᰿ϣ᰿֪ʲôҩϵôͺˣƤ͸죬͸˵ƻģǰ͹̣Ϊ֮
᰿һװӢˬһȲʣģҲһòŮ᰿ԵЩ
СġŮ˵
һĻҶüëһ᰿Ůм飡۹ĿζѰζ
᰿Ŀ⳯Ƴ˹ȺеҶ˲ɫף
ôˣòŮɻس߿һֻۣһȺĿȵˡ
ûʲô᰿û뵽Ȼ￴ҶҶŻˣȥ֮һϵجΣμҶһֱͣĥȻҶʵҶı޷һ˿֮ģһοҶоԼڲͣط
ûи߸ףֱΪҶı׶㲻¸˲ǵˡ
Ҷֻǳ᰿ǱƳһۣջĿ⡣
᰿е㱻ŵСĵظ̿ĺ棬̿ͷһԼŮĸɻԼŮƽʱӢˬ֣ܲסͣǽôͻȻôʵˣ
̿ȺпһֻۣһıӰĸɻǸԼŮηģʲôˣ
˵Ĵӵ֮£̿᰿Լµһڸǽ˳ڡ
ʶǸ᰿Īɻʵǡÿ˸ղһĻ
ʶҶ˵ǰߡ
Ҷ磬ôôǸŮˣǸŮűһٰСҶĽŲ̧ͷҶ˵
СĻҶһģЦѣԺҪһСʲôʱ˵ʲôĻˡ


311 ѵѵĵ
Ī۾ɵϴ󣬳Ծصɣ᰿ôһŮҲµȥְȻ᰿˵㣬еʱ˵ֶ񶾣дϲŮˣǣôҲǸŮҵСĸΣ۰
Ҷ˸ۣԸ⻰ȥˣȥ
۵ĳڵֽҶסʵʼλ𣿡
СĪóһźɫʵҿԽȥ𣿡
ԣðķ޴Ǳ߼Ǹڵ˵ָԱ߲Զһ
õģȥޡĪ˽ȥͷһҶû𣿡
Ҷ΢΢üȻҪĬƬ̵ˡ
ûܽ룬˼Ǹڵޱ˵Ҳû˵ʲôϾ˲
ԶĪ׿˿ҶҪҶȴΪӡ
ĪҪȥ͵һҸط͵͵ǱڣҶü˼
Ҷ磬ôˣȻһϲԶһӰҶ֮УȻҶɣ
ҶɴӳǼڵ˵Ҷҵˣɡ
Ҷɺ滹߹һ꣬ԼĪʮӣĿ࣬Ҳǳӵܣ˺ɫųۡ
ǼڵӿǸ꣬ʵʦ֣ȥ𣿡ǶҶҲôҶYСҶҴǻǱűĿ
˿ҶСǻһ¶һ˿мصǽȥɡ
ҶһǸû˵ʲôСн˽ȥ
ҶСųڵĵˣԶĪЩ죬ҶĪǳڵˣȻˣҲͲҶԼŮȥˡ
ĵǲŵģüĵһɡһߣһ˵ţһҶɣЩҶҵǷǳмģҶYС㽻ҪչҶҵˣҲû˵ЩʲôϾֻǳһͨӶѣҵŮƳһ۽¶һ˿΢ЦĵкüֻǵʦģǺŽᣬȽųߣֻҪѵһˣҲûʲôҲǽѵѵĵѣɱģ
ĻҶÿɷ񣬼ֻʦĵ񣬸۸˵Цɣ
Ҷ̧ͷҶһЦҶʵ̫ˣҪҶٲ۹ҶY޸ʲôٹҶ͵úˡ֪ôˣ뵽ҶЩȻ֪Ѿ˱顣
ҶҶɡСߵ˼Ĵ޵ǰ
վɣĵҽȥ
Ž˽ȥʵʵظĺ棬ʮ˳ӡ
һᣬҶҶɺСЦЦĵ˳ģٳԵ
䣬ֻصһ죬ʮּҵӡ
ǶֻǺѺãûʲôһͺˡ΢΢һƲţսôңҶĵӦñúܲҡ
һССҶңȻҲ񣬼Ȼ˳ڣһôУΪҶYСǣǾͿԸˡ뵽ҶĵﱻĲ״¶һ˿޵΢Ц
ʱһڵӻͷش˳
ʦ֣ˡǸڵӽ˵ţ
ʲô飬ôСֵģ˵ȵ˵ﰵϲҪҶֻˣǾͺЦˡ
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ֺֻ˹һֻ޵ֻ޵׶࣬һѪɫëԵݡ
ߺߣȻӣҰүүĺĵһ𣬿ĵôߺ֮ǰҶǵȻӣܲˬԼŶʮֻ񶼱ҶĵˣôҲñУȻӡ
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314 볡
󵨣

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315 ʨ
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ʦܣһһҲ˱䳡Ҳǵڡ
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Ҷɫһ䣺ҶңҲȻڤںڵĳ϶ǿͿŹֵúܣҶʱŷ֣ԼЩСҶҡ
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ˡҶƳһԵҶY֪ҶYҶңҶҲûʲôֻʮ֣YҶô꣬Ҳû˵Ҷʲô֣ʵǿģҲǾŽ׶ˡ
ǽ죬ȴǶҶҹĿ࿴ڤںϣȻֻΪȥҶҵһˣ
Ҷٵָûӵķ֣֪Ҷҵ˸ڤڡڵ˼棬Ϊʲô飿ǲΪҶʸڤڡڵƽƽ
⻹һ飬֪
˵ҶƳһǸӡ
Ҷҵ䳡Ҷ׿ʦסҶǸҶ˽Ҷ׿ʦֻһЩӸˣҶ׿ʦҪҼϰ
Ҷҵ˻ǵ죬ȻҳҰҶٽη֣ŭӣǼλȲҪҵҪҳڸʲô̽
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ⲻӦʵġҶɫ΢װЩӣ˵ԽʱԽǲЩ֪Լʵ
Ҷ⼸λЩɲǰӦһЩۺıȻǰ˵ǲ²ҶݣĪλǵӣ
ҽ¶Զڳϣλ¶֣Ҳеĳϡһ׷ҽܵһ۾񣬴Ҷ
ҽҰףǷֱеҡ˶ڤڵĳϡڵ¶Զ˵ڤڵһҲڵ
ڤں۹ʮзֱڶͬʨ£ƽʱһֱǾϵڤѹһͷ֮ϵ裬ʨΪһЩ˫Ⱦ໥
ʦּ࣬ÿŶʮϣͻ𾳽磬ҪﵽǸǷǳѵģһЩϹľͻƣϹžֽѾʧˡ
ţҼסˡҶɨһۣ˵ݼ
λ½к£¶ԶСĵʵΪڵĳϣ֪Ŀ£ȻǸǹǵĶͷ˾ͨʨҲСӦԣΪʨҲһĴڣ
¶ԶжЩڼΪ£ϲŭ޳˳ְɱˣҲ޴ԩȥʨ̫ˣΪһֶȥһοʨϾӦһˡȻֻһףʦ𼶵ߣ˵ϰĴڡ
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ϵáϵãϷ׷׹ǿǼüʨϴǰ֪꣬ʨʲôˣʨǲ׽ʨ˵ġǰȻλߣȴףͨʨǰȴޱСĴڡʨǰ˵ϼ仰׾ǵ
Ȼ֪ʨǾͺãȻҷԸҶһֲɵĿ˵ʱ⼸λϺɫЩϹƷỳҶ
ǣµƾԸϹӦʨܷʲô飬ǶΨҶհʨǱ߹Ǿ
ߣǽ䳡Ҷ˵΢ŵһЩ죬ҾҪһڣ
ҶսҶɡҶ诵һֱԶѣӦ֣¶ԶϵƱܸܳҶʲô
ף˵ʲôҶɻʵ
·ڤںڵˣ۹ڶţˣӦǳϼҶսҲǰľѣ۹ĳڣѾȻĴڣοڶţŵҳʲô
ǶҶܿӡҶһ˵һֱҶһΰĴɽһ㣬ǵǰػҶңԽʱƣԽǷ֣ԽԽҶˡ֪ʱαǨҶ˵ĸǲġ
ҶսҶҲע⵽Щ˶ҶȷʵʮֿЩСôҲ벻ͨĪΪҶλڵĹϵλڹͨ쳹صֶΣڤںĴţҲҪӣ
˵ʱҶǴŵ˹
ǽ䳡ɡҶ˵ҵҪڻҲǣ
šҶսЩû뵽ҶȻȴǲηˡ


316 
һ˺ƺƵ䳡ȥ
ԶոձҶ˵Ҷ׿Ŀ񶾵سҶ߿˹ڤںڵλϾȻҶվһ¶ŵ飬ⲻܣҶҵôŵһ
ղҶ׿ʱ˳λ𼶵ĳϣҪһسӣǻûǰõŵĴǲҪǺɻ󣬽ѵҶҵ˶ѣΪʲôžȻأŹƬ̣Ǳ㷢Ҷڤںλϵĺ˽
ԭҶҾȻڤںɽҶ׿ʱҧгݣ̨Ҷ׿κβҶˣֻܿˮʣŵİš
ڤںڵ˻ŵĸĿˢһ£ȫ߿˹ڤںڵˣȻ˼İ볡¶ɻ顣
ЩŵĿҶȥЩʦǣȴûͷų̽һ⼸һû̽һô죿
ڶ᰿Ҷ볡ʱû뵽ħҲˣ֪ͲˡŮɫ죬̿ؿһ᰿ֳҶǱ˹ȥ
ҶȻڤڡڵһĪʨǱ߹ˣȻúúһŵĳˣ̿ڻˣ֮зΪɣϣһЩڻ֮ľӰ죬ʨҩǡִȵȣ̿ʨһϵ
Ҷ˵볡ûжԱʲôӰ죬Ȼճţڵĵݺᡣ
𼶸ֵıԣҲ൱пͷģ̨·Ȳ֮
ҶԶϣҶ߿˹ĿҶսϣ΢΢һҶң˺ֶΣȻܸڤںڵ볡
ҶYҶٵߣ߿֮󣬾ȵشƬ̣˲ˮлϲû뵽ҶҲ˳ڣ֮ǰģҶ鷳Ҷڤںλϵĺ棬ŵķ֪ҶôڤںڵĳϳģŵĳάӦòҰҶô
ҶҶY˫ĿӣҶ΢΢һЦYеһ˿ů⣬һоڲС
һֱעҶYҶYɫ죬˳ҶYĿ⿴ȥְȻ׿Ҷ񽥽ԴһڿҶY֮ҶYһ飬ҶY̫䵭ˣΪֹûҶY˭ЦĹ˭ΪҶYԸˣҶYûжףҶY׷ᣬֱŷ֣ҶYǶ˭Įģ
̨ϿȥǸŮӣͬŵıɽòƷˣǶôõϧԷģȴһ˵ϣǿҵļ֮ģ
Ȼ˸ҸŮˣݿеŮˣЩӿȾָģ
ݳҶķƳһۣ˭һҪ
ҶʱȴҶҲ߿˹¶һ˿Ĳмֲм·һڸһֻϣȫϣҶ̬ȣޱȵķŭ
һֱһ֮ӣ۹һ츳׿ˣ̶̶ʮ꣬ڣΪǼ֮ϣˣǽ죬ȻˣֱһҪɱ˵ĳ嶯
һʱ䣬ΪڤںڵıӻܵסҲ۹˻壬Ҳ£ݵĿ⣬絶
ݺҶӣǵ⣬ҶٻعͷҶYʵǸҶսߵ˭
ҶٵʻҶYɫ˲ɷס
ҶٿҶY⸱飬Ѿ֪ˣҶYҶ֮ϵǳһҶһֶΣȻڤںڵˣǽ䳡ˣǳڣȻڤںڵ˿ϴǽǿΪһССҶƴôЩֶΣţҶңȻһ˭ܲϣ
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ڹȻ˵ãȻһӶʮﵽڣӦǳһ츳Ϊ׿һ˰ɣ
˲ãʮ㵽ڣĻ֮궨Ȼܴﵽ𶥷壬˵лȻãӦҲ޽ӽ𾳽ˣ
֮⣬жʮӴﵽ˵𼶱ڹȻۺ񣡡
ЩӵУȻа˸ҶٱңҶңҲ˵ã
ΧһЩСۣΪ𶥷ֵҶ٣ȻҲˣ¶һ˿֮ɫǸڵĵҶʮӵУҲ߸Ҷ
뿪۹֮Ҷҷ֧Ͷ뵽˳棬ƾŲ֮һ·ƿڣɾ˽յĻԻͣҶٻĸ԰ģȫԸҶˣ
ҶңҲ۹۹Ҷ棬ȻҴ۹Ҷҵˣǻζˣ
ιֿˡͣսʱ򣬳˳ڵˣôֳڵˣǸĪ׷Ҷ֮˹
šҶӦһ
Īһ˵ţһ߳䳡ϿȥԼڵӴȥû翴ŮأŮҶYòаֱһ㣬Ҫݸˣϧ
ҶɫЩÿҲȢYûͬⲻͬء
Īںߴúܣڵ¶ԶΨҶ죬ҶĪʹɫ
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¶ԶʱֱҪһưĪСӸȷɳȥ۷ס
ֻ̨ʣǸڵĵӣֳֳǹȻ
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ͽˣСӽҶӣʮڣ൱˲ˣûһĶ֣ûĪЩĵ˵۾ȺѰңλŮţȻʮˣûðСǷģǷ̴档
Ī׵ĻҶЩĪ׵Ŀζһأ˿Ҷڵķ򣬽ⳡ䣬ᵽͽ˰ɣҶٰôŵĴټӦûİŰɣ
ʱǸҶӵĳڵӣĿ˱䳡Աߵϣ֣츳׿Ѿﵽڣʮ˵ãҪȢҵСʦá˸ңҪУУֵ֣ΪأȢҼСʦãǾඣҶ˵꣬һЦ


317 Ҷң
Щŵһ⻰׹ҪͲףԲصذǸҹΪ氡֮ǰʲôᣬ̵棬ݵģϷ⣬Ҷӿ϶򲻹һĵһ֣˵ĻǸͷˡ
ںͲף۹֣ҪһЩ仯ˡЩе㲻̫ͷŵĴɫԶҶϺ꣬˲Ժ¾Ͳˣ˭ñ˸Ůأ
Ҷ˵ЦˣȻҶô˵Ҿдд衣ݳ̨ϵҶٻҶYһۣϲɫĪ飬ҶYͬ˵ģ
ҶٵȻʲôҲû˵ҶԱߵҶYȴɫҰףҡҡ׹˸׵ͼԼһֱܾݣն࣬Լ˰
ǰһֱҶңŸոһ꣬׾ôŽԼ޳ȥô
֮ĸ׶ԼܺãҶYܾԼĸףǶ⸸ףʼе裬ҶŴαԼ޸ݣҶYԸףһЩ
ΪţһףͿȫŮеĸô
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˱̨Ҷ΢΢ȭ
Ҷָ̣ݿ˵ϹŵѵЦݣһԶҶ
ҶԵĪƲƲ죬ϷҶٺҶYһۣҶYôһֱ߿ѵ̫ӢˣĪϲң
ۿҶӺݵıԾҪʼˣҶȻһԾ˱̨
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Щ㶵ؿ̨ϵҶ
Ҷϱ̨֮ЦЦصһһ䣬ĵû¡ǽݰɣҶݣΪӵصҲȢҼҋYҲվӿԼʲôģʹҵ𣿡
˭ȢYƾʲôҪͬ⣿Ҷôŭ
˭Ҳ֪YҲеģҶЦһ
ɫǺһƬԭҶһ磬֪ҶȫһӵܣСע۶ıȵҶһʱҲ֪ôȥ
ҶĿֱǰҶ٣ߵҶٰɣҾǋYĸףԸ㡣飬̫صˣҪыY޳ȥҶͬ𣿡
Ҷңʲô壿۹һڴŵĴ
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ֲָֻţҶңȴǱʸܺãYеʱыYҶңˣȋYˣذыY˻ȥȥ֮úöԋYҲͰˣ⻹һ궼ûҪыY޳ȥΪڲȡ棬ô׵ô䵱YĸôҶָǰҶ٣ص
Ҷ̣ŭһYҵŮ죿ҶҵҲ̫ˣҲڵĵطҳҶң練ƣ㻹Ͻ£
ҶңǾɣʱǲǰыYˣҶңȴǰыYʮ꣬ԋY˵˭ףҶݺݵҶûͬ⣬ƾʲôыY޳ȥУҪыY޳ȥʱʹYԼ𣿋YԸޣҶұӻȻҪҶҶ֣ҶҲһ֮
ԼһõȻҶ֪ðСӸˣܲתͷҶYYԼ˵
ҶY˿̣Ѿ棬ﴫ˺ѵʹܽޣҶ£֪ڵʲôĴڣҶܹģοһټĲ
ڣҲ֧ҶΪҶ˵ģԼҪ˵ģ
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ŵĴ˲֮⣬һϷı飬ЩţȻǲԸ⿴ںͲ˵ģ˽ˣһ߿Ϸһߴۡ
ԭҶٵŮʮ꣬ҶҶҶY֮飬ȻҪʡ
ʣɽԶסһڵĳϵ˵
˻ȻҶ׸ƣҶ˲мΪҶûŮӻûһҪ޳ȥΪƴͨŮͽһʲôһĿȻ
СӣҲҳŷˣСӸ£ҶЩ˵ۣ߳ŭ
ڵ׼Ծȴڤںڵ˸죬ָռס˱̨ܡ
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ĿҲеͣɻء̿ڤںˣһĪǱ̨ˣʨʨͬʱʹöڤںţ
ʨˣʱҲòʾˣ
̿˭Ҳ̿ΪУ
˻ȻԾݻвҲǴüͷСӵʲôˣڤںŵĳƴ໤֮⣬Ȼ̿ҲҪ֣
ڤڡڡ̿ʮ֣ɲʮô򵥣ǵһһУǴǿ
ǿѡҶݣֵ˼ˣ
촽΢΢ЩףѹеķŭͲʣԭΪٹݵλѹҶСӣڣҶȻͬʱʹݵλ±ٹй֮뵽ҶYҶԹԭԼһ̵ֱݵλҶҶYû
ҶҲû뵽̿Ҳ̿Ǳ߿һۣЩף̿ӦҲʨʨӰȻˣ
ҶȻָҶ٣ЦҶ٣Ƕңò˶ãͻѪϴڣΪһССĳڣͿ԰ôΪһССĲܻסǣ


318 
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ҶȻԣҶͻѪϴڣҶһվڱ̨ô˵ֻЦڣڤںڵˣòҶˡ
ô£Ҷͷѣ벻ףһֱӵҶңôڤںڵĸ֣Ҷҵôģ
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Ҳֻٲ֪ҶңʲôңһСòСǰǿײϣ
Ҷһʱ˲ãʱҲ֪ô죬ҶҶղŵĻ˵úˣѪϴڣϣðգҶӦĸ飿
ǳڣ
ʱҶYҶĿ⣬ҲЩţĨۿеˮ˿̵ҶͬһԵһ㡣ʲô飬Ҷػվ˿̵Ҳˣ
Ҷٹݣһ˵СӣҲԸԴСԋYҲǳһƬܴңҾͬY飬򲻹ң㻹ǻʲôٺȼ̰ɣ
ԴСҶǱݻҪС
ģݿҶȻһ⡣
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һͷǰҶʮ߰ѣʲôͿԴùңҵΪڣ۹һеĵһţǼɵҶıͳˣ
䳡ϣԹעҶڱ䳡ϳʲô⣬ô˿ˣҶҲ˵ʲô
ԹҶ΢΢һƲͷ
ã
ȻҶ׿˵ˣԼݳһֻΪצҶȥ
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ӥǲľѧƷ似ΪԵǵ似֮һȻֻڵΪһʽӥ𶥷ĸҲӲӣ
ȻʶҶһֱҶҶYϵǳҶYİĽеִ޲ҶԹܲôˡ
ӥγɵƿ֮Χսĸŵĸ΢΢һݣݵĲӥ߰˷ֵĻ򣬵ʮ˵ãǼʱգһУ֮ˡ
СӲʮ߰ӣʵܹݣȻֱƣǲ
ҶҶYȻϢ֪ҶʵҶΪôܿڵĸ֣ʱ䣬Ƶټ⣬ΪͻͽֱΪֹ֮䣬ǲ⣬ôҲ벻ֱ֮Ҷʵͻͽ
СģԱڤںǼϽŵغҪҶʲô飬ʨǻ治ý
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޷ҵҪ۹һһ֣ЩʲôֶΣҪ㣬һ֣Ǿ֮ܣˣҶߵ׼顣
ͽѿ֮ȥɣɫ
ݳԼҶ΢΢ЦϻһгƷ֡
һҶĻϵݵˮϵײһı̨֮Ҫ˺һ㡣
ʱҲվڱ̨ϵҶӸܵǿŵŵ˼ѪӿֺȻ֮ɫȻͬ𼶵ĸ֣ҶݶΪòһǰ㣡
ٴҪҶݵ˺飬Ҷæ˱̨
ˮײ֮УӰ𣬽ԿأǶԺٶȼ죬ЩͨǸҶݵĶֻ֣ܿ
𼶳ϴʧɫǶݵΪǷǳģһУûһ֣ʵԶͬˣǵ֮ţû뵽һݻСģȻݴòʤ
սףݵϣһ㵭ɫļУҫ£ԵѤöĿ
·ЩԸŵ˷׷׾
Ȼǲսף
֪սвֻ򣿡
ʩչսףƣ𶥷ʱɱʮλ֣ͬڣû뵽ݾȻҲѧһʽ似ڣٹ֮µһ˰ɣ
أҶһŭɽӺݵϣǵɫļֻɢһơ
ȻƵʩչ˲սףҵҲҰɣЦһһҶĲӣһţԵޱȣҽŻƿǿҵ֮
·һۣ¶һ˿ɫݶսǸ겻֪Ǻݽɱ˵һЩ鷳䳡ϣѱԷʩչһЩֶΡݳ֣ҪҶɱЩס
ƢһЩǱֺǺģǸܣԼ˵ó־£һ
оݵȾХҶüëһָ˳ȥ
ȻֵһȣֱȻһЦȥɣ
صһˮϵ󼤵ҶֻԵطһξ룬ҲǱ˼
ⲻܣпԼһȵȻǾ֣ҲҪһȺۣҶֶᱻ߶ϣȻһڲϣû뵽ҶȻ赭д۸
ҶֵĻۣһ˿˿ɫĹâɢҶû۵ݵһȣȻûиܵκһ˿ȫ⻤۸жˣ𻤱۵˵ã
·ս˶ЩɵۣǿҶұ֮µ𻤱ۣ־ȣݸղһȵ˶ܵˣǾȻ赭дرе˳ϡ
Īʲôط
ʲôʹɡҶעݣݵʵ𼶵УǷǳ˵õģҶΪҲ𶥷ѣԼģݣ˽̵ٹͰɣ
ȻҲѧҵģǵͨ죬ڿУǬлһɫĳɫĳ·ˮ۶ɵһ㣬ͬһˮ
·һ󾪺
ȻҪ֮λٹô
û뵽ݾȻó˲ϣҲ¶Ծ֮ɫ


319 ⣡
Ҷ̧ͷеĲ¶ݣףѲζʲôѽϵȨλΪ۹һţʵǲ˵ˣǿ԰ټƣֱӿ˶½ʮҡٶСţôһǿǷǳ˵õġ
Ѳǹ
Īǲ׼֮λˣҶƳһҶYи̾ҵŮǵ㣬Ǽ޸ݣǱδĹˣȨ죬ΪҪһССҶأ
ڤںڵļλʧɫǿײҶֵסҪնɱҶ˵ԼҲ޷֡ҶΪӦĳеĵˣһˣˡ룬λӦþ⸽һУҶ鷳λӦûֵġ
ģüʣѪʣĿͬӥҶеĲУһˮڿɢ
Уһǳǿ飡ǰ˾Ʒϵ鱦Ĵ֮Ʒôͣ
ҵҪˣҶףԼǶȻġ
Ҷ磬ţֻ·ȺеСԼĲذ˹
ҶһץذѲذǰѼ糤ĶذѣҲǼΪͨ
ƾһѶذҪҵĲԿôݳŪشЦ
·ЩΧ۵Ҳ
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ҶսҶɵսһʼҶȻնݶԾгԾ֣ԭҶ𼶵Ϊɵĳ֪ҶȻȵռϷ磬ǲΪҶеԺó֮ǲΧЩ˵ıԿѽԲ򵥣
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ذǺȻɢ˿ֲϢ
ŷ֣ԭҶǰͨͨذףȻҲһǳǿ鱦
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ҶӶһ²ذһӰն
ԭذȻܻӳڽ֮ĶԻԶĵˣͱϵĲ㡣
ˣĲҵĲذʤһҶգ˵
䣬ֻԶ¡һ죬ذնȥһâԶڵһ¥֮ϣֻǹ¥âն룬Ȼ
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˼Ѳذõû̫˳֣򻵵Ķҿɲ⣡Ҷƽ޲ڳ˶ú
Ҷ΢΢鴤򻵵ģڵĶҶȻ˵ķҶıļɵ֮ģҲҾʹ˷쭣ǽҶɱˣһǿĵˣ˵Ҫ֮֡
Ҷٿһһ˫ҶYԭΪԼκ鶼Բù˼Ҷң֣ǸΪϵҶңȻҲһǲĴڡ
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Ҷٳһǵͳڣֻһ¡¡ľ죬һâĿĽƣڣһƽ䳡
ҶپȻ˻ɽ󣡡
ڵĻɽ֮ǰģʮǰ˵ڵĻɽѾֹͣתˣû뵽ֿˣ⻤ɽ󣬾һЩҲѽ乥ƣ
˵֮ǰҶٲһø߼۹׾ǻɽӦþ׾߶ģ
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Ҷٴ߶ɽ󹥻ԼԼǱɣҶҲᶯ֣涯֣Գ˵аٺһ
ڿʹʹشһˣҶ̧ͷݡ
ݻܣҪĽڽ֮£Զ򽣷裬׽ɱĵˣһɽ󣬿¾Ҳ޷ơ
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ɫ̧ͷҶЦʲôҪ㣬ıҲһԣ΢ΪҲ۹ô꣬ȻֻһôôҪɱ㣬ò˶ãҶپͻԹԵؽҶY͵ҵĸǰʱҶYݵĽ
ݵĻҶҲ޷ѹеķŭYǻȥ˭ĽᡢţҶףYԼִţκˣ׷ɺͶ
ҶΪͻͽʱ򣬋YҲڲͣڷδһиҶЦŶԋY˵Ժ㣬ǵʱYȴЦŻؾ˵ҲҪԶҶ籣Ҫɽϵôһԡ⣬ˣһ˴ˡ
Ҷϵʱ򣬋YǲΪԼҶYȻֻнΪ
ҶËYΪĳ˵Ľ
Ϊ˵ЩҪɱ㣡Ҷն𣬻ذն£һޱȵĻ״⵶ն˹ȥ
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ۣһ״⵶Ǿκ֮УȻ
䳡Уŵĸ̧ͷ죬ֻ̫ҲڱΣеˮĻ⻪ѤޱȣȫҶݵڣˮĻ⻪ӦݵĲʩչġ


320 춦
ĪǸ꣬ݵĶ֣
Ҳѹ֣ݵΪϲ¾ǿߣҲ޷â
֮ʱ˵һԶŹ޵ŭһ޴Ĺ⵶նˮĻ⻪֮ϣȻˮĻ⻪ƿ¡һ죬Ƿ䳡ϿյĽƣƺһ
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ݣҶɶһΪ׿ĸ֣עԺҪվڴ½۷壬˽ĶԾδ۷ǿߵĶԿ
أ洫ҵĴ֮ײˮĻ⻪ֻ֮ϿӰɿǵĶ쵽۷壬衣
ҶذݵһǻӿһȭۻҫҶһȭŲڳ׷û뵽ҶĶ֮죬ָոյסĹֱͬʱʩչһ˰Ե似Ѿ
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һˮĻɢҶYȻһŵ̧ͷա
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Ҷٿɵ׷ݣۿžҪݻɱȴʣĶʮѲѾԼ籩һ㶤䣬ҶٿɵЩȻԼ
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콣곯Լ䣬Ҷͺһתֺ¡
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ҶܵĺӰѣһѸٵɢ˳ȥѣǾ޴Ѫն£ҶҪʬ޴棡
СӣȥҪ군ˣӡ֮УʨүƵش
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ҶоĵԽԽ죬۷״̬ĵֻʣһ룬ĵֻʣʮ֮һϾҪˣʱ˿̣Ҳʺս
ûбİ취ˣ춦ɣ
춦Ҷ΢΢üս֮иʩչ춦ҶǺʨүĻģһǽ춦˳
춦ȥɣҶͺһֻ춦շ𣬲ͣתԽԽ׸ߣأǾ޴Ѫ콣ײȥ
һײһֻ춦âţͨȼȵܻ棬ǻ滯һֲֻֻԶޣ춦裬֮ͬһ㣬쳹ء


321 ˴
Ҷ춦춦ͨ屬ȵĻ棬â䣬֮Χ۵һͷ޲׷׵ˡ
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ⶦʲôݾֵؿҶ춦ԼѪ콣˽ȥⶦһֻ̰㣬š
Ѫ콣ȫɽ춦УѪɶеĲַ˳ȥԶɽ¡
һĻ·Ÿ޲𾪲ѣѪ콣ֻһ˵û뵽Ȼݸʩչˣ츳Ȳ껹Ҫǿö࣬ԭΪҶˣȴû뵽Ҷٳһڴ󶦣׾ٽѪѪ콣˽ȥ
Ǵ󶦿׸ߡﲻֹȻܱҶٿ磬ޱȣ
ⱦǲֹ˾ƷܿĴˣ
Ϊ֣֪ڴ󶦣һ֡
ȻһޱȣĿҶʱȴη֮ģҶʮ߰꣬Ȼ˿ֲΪ֪ĸңš³Щĳңûʩչ֮ĲطҶ
ҶYͷ죬ҶһСʱǰΰߴ󣬲˭۸ʱҶһػֻ֪ݵҶһˣ֮ǰ׷ʱǰزмһˡ
Ҷ磬лл㡣ҶҶYۿᣬ૵˵š
ҶսҶɡҶ诵ҲǼ֣ͷţ꣬ҶҵһƬ죬ӴԺȻ۹ҶңҶҲصͷҶ˵Ľ
ݰܱԾò˶ãҶֽ۹һ쿪ʼ֮˶޷һ̣һ֪ðļ֮һٻ۹һһݣձ˴˵еľ似Ѫ콣
ҶĿ⿴Ѫ˵ݣȻһɱ˲ǻ
춦ȥɣҶͺһֻ춦һȼŻĳǣײݣһ֮һУٻ
ʱ䳡ϿյĽȻϳ
飡һݣӭ춦Ҫ춦¡
ڿնڤڡڵλ϶ΪλҪԸҶҲն𣬿ֻǰȥԮݣûг裬ǻҶܡ
ܹ۹һű֮ã䱳ЩģǸϾɱڤڡʨûкôǷ뿪Ϊã
ݵȻأԲطָǿԵģʩչѪ콣츳ǿ϶ģڵʱνҪԱ󳬼֮Ľˡ
赲ݺ춦֮䣬ҶףɱǲˣԼʵԸֳԿ
һץסݣ׼ɽȥȴһСӰһӶѸٵʧ֮УϻΪԼۻˣٶһѾûˡ
Ҳŭֱ׷ȥĻõǸСӰڲԣǿǴֲ֮ԺеӣһֱĹأǽ죬ȻˣܲɱˣǸСƾʧһ㣬ҲҲˣ
ԶϵԼ춦ǰ棬Ҷŭһ߶춦ԽתԽ죬ԽԽ
춦һۣŭһ
ħƣ
ֻͬʱ춦Ǳȫһɹǿޱȵˮϵ춦ײȥ
̣
죬ͬףֱҪ䳡˵ĶĤըˣڸɽȣصǿֲľ죬Զ˿ֲɽ
һɹ춦Ϊģɢ
ϵƾ춦ϣоһǿǵ˫סڵѸٵţ춦֮СϴʧɫϽ֣ۡۡͬʱѪ
춦ľ޴Ƕǵش
ߣϾޱȣϽշˡʣǸݣҲҲշȥƬ֮ʧԶյľͷ
·˿Ҷ¶֮ɫǿĳϣɶ𶥷弶𶥷弶ĸ֣ȻҶĶÿѪⶦ׺Ȼֲ
Ҷ΢գֻ춦ѸٵرСתŷ䵽Ҷϣֲذ춦նӰҫ֮£һԡ
һ̣ҶעҪ۹ķ
ҶעǰҶ٣Ŀ絶
̧ͷҶȻĿ⣬ҶٵоԽһ˿ηӣĿǴһ㣬Ҫ֪Ҷոտһӻ˲𶥷弶ĸ֣ҲҶĶ֡
ҶҪɱֻɽˣȻзǳ֣ҲֻлɽܸһЩȫУʱŵĴ֪ҶپȻ׼ûɽԸһʮ߰꣬ҪЦˣҶٻó
ŵĴǣ۷׷ףڴҶˣҶ춦ҲǼȤڲ֪Ҷ֮ǰǲҳġ
Ҷ٣۹Ҷң˸һսΪ۹ҶҵˣǺԽеôҶȻҶ٣ЦֱָҶ٣ҽҶ֮ս۹Ҷң
ȻҺͷּ֮Դ۹ҶҶ۹֮۹ҶһֱԾӣдףҲ۹Ҷң۹Ҷһǽ죬Ҷҵ꣬ȴǺݺݵһ⣬˭˵Ҷһѷɫ۹Ҷңǰ꣬Ʊܴﵽǿľ磬ʱ۹Ҷ
۹ҶҶҶҵĳŪӺ裬һһ
Ҷϻ۹ҶӵܽԶͷǱӵҶңȴǺݺݵزǵͷϡ
û˸ҸҶһսΪвҶĶ֣
ҶûӦҲû۹ҶҵӦҶҶYĿ⽥ͣ΢΢һЦYǻؼң
ǻؼҡ仰ҶY˲棬޵ˣΪ۹֮Ҳ޷ҶˣҶٱ޸ݵʱ뵽ֻ̫˼Ҷ۹ȿֵģĵּҶˣĵǣԼҶ̫鷳Ȼû뵽ҶȻݣ԰Ȼ̬ѹ۹ҶңȻ˵ǻؼҡ
ֻһ仰ҶYôҲûźˡ
ҶYĨȥϵۣʱӭڷƮƮȻЩݣȻǰ绪¶õЦݣЦΧһжȻʧɫлл㣬Ҷ硣ҵĸĸȻױҼ޸ٹȻҵĸףҵĸףҺܺáҶҶػҾͷˣ۹ҶңɋYػɡY˵Ҫɽôһԡ⣬ˣһ˴ˣYҲҪһôϣһ죬ҲػҶ磡


322 ֣
ҶȻһΪҶYػҶȥҶYĻһ췢£ǽƵµıԵѣǿлţ˵Ҳֱڡ
ҶıҶǳڣȴӣҪһһЩӵģ
ڷƮҡYȻڶȥҶҲ޻˵ϾYڳڳģǣYȴѡڹѡҶٵӿΡ
ҶҶYĻҶY⣬Ҷҳģ֮ˣҶYλãҲͬѡ
ҶؿҶ٣Ҷ٣òǳҪпͺԥҪŮƳȥΪԼıȡ棬ϧ·͸ֱ֮ˡѣƮҡǵŮȴҪͬǳиһ˿𣿡
ҶĻûҶٵϣҶٵ꣬ҲˣЩ꣬Ϊ˳ڿڸ֮䣬ùľʣǽ죬СĻȴ޵ݡ
Ҷ٣ҰѻӽԺǳٹYҶҪٲҶͬһ㣬صɽ䡣
Y״ˣȥɣ㸸ҵţǰûг£ҲᣬҲòСšҶٵ𽥼ᶨ
ҶٵĻҶYͷɢȥףΪ˳ڵ棬̫̫࣬길׺ĸ׼ҪҶңγһ飿˭ĸԸأ
ҶҲ֮ˣҶذ춦ȺпȥҶս˵ͷʾ⣬ȴҲСģ룬Сʵлʱ飬Ӧû˵
ҶٻܣĿɨ˵λ飬λЦձ֮£͵Ϊֹɣдܵĵط뺣λɢ˰ɣ
Ȼڵô˵ˣŵĴǷ׷׼뿪ʱǵĿ׷׿վڱ̨ԱߵҶҪҶεؼһۣҶȻҪΪ۹߳ƵԺҲرСԲǴˡ
ҲһЩŵĴҪҶһģ˵ҶáȻҲһЩˣҶ춦һЩ֮ģʱǻҴҶ⡣
ŵ˽Զɢȥֻڤڡڻ̿ҶٸǰסҶ̿˽ӴæԼȥˡ
ɢ֮󣬳ڻָյ
һս£жһЩȸУһǱߣҪԸڣǳڿ϶һսԽŵطţڵĵǣǰҶҵˣĴģڣǿҶսˣԶԶ߿ˣҶǷ׷׵ͷ֮ӣҶ䳡ϻݣ𶥷ֵϢЩ֮д
ӴԺ󣬳һ˵СҶң
ڵСϣҶҶYţ˶û˵
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û뵽ټҶ磬YܿġҶ磬Բ𣬋Yܸһ۹ҶYǸεؿҶ
ûϵףҪػĶȻǲ㣬ǱϾĸĸѪŨˮ޷顣ҶһЦңҲôġ
ҶY΢΢ͷ֮£ΪػԼĸĸص۹ԶҶػ֮£ڳڣʹóڵԴԼøǿһ죬ҲػҶ
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ҶЩ˼ҶYĴϻۣ᲻֪һ˿ȻһЩӦǷһЩı䣬Ҷô䣬ı䡣
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ҶYĻҶһ£ӿظжYҺεºܡ
ҶYӣҶϣҪӡԼ۾΢΢ţЦ⣬
ҶYЩ죬ЦЦǲ˵Щˣ㸸׼ô
ʹߣǰȥ˵һսǲǱڷѣΨһսԵε飬϶ǾҶҲҪСġҶYеص˵ڲʱӦûû¡
ףҶ΢΢ͷ׼ǰ̽һ̽
Ҷȥʲô˿ɶǱߣҶY峺дɻ͵ǣҶΪʲôҪͶأ
ĻҪİɣбֶΡҶŵһЦ
Ҷ磬ËYһȥɡ
ҶҡҡͷһˣΣգ
ҶY΢΢ЩȻ֪ڵΪﲻʲôæֻõҶһҪСģ
šҶͷ
˵֮ʱС˲ԶУСĴһ£ΧûˣҶ֡
ҶЦЦСһͷԵģ֪ҪʲôҶY˹ȥ
СղȥˣҶЦŶС
СһЦ˿ҶY
Y㡣ҶСܵ
СҶY˸кYá
СáҶYͷԵСҲʮϲЦͷ
Ҷ磬õʲôСһ⣬Ǭһѳʱһ͵ˮϵɢǳͨһˮɫâ
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ǲҶYҲС죬һŵ顣
Ҷݴ򶷵ʱеĲֶɽ£û뵽ССԣͶѲȻѲˣ֪֪ʧʲô顣
Ҷ磬ѽֵǮɣСգգ۾Ҷʵʦ˵ѽֵǮǴӡطģ˾Ʒ鱦Ҳ޷֮࿹⣬ذһ޼֮
Сûз˲ҶʵоһɢˮϵϢҶԸоѲĲ֪ʧ϶᲻һнȥ
ʦķԸ˲֮ͶûСЦ
ʦͽӦı˵ģ
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˽飬Ϊǿ


323 ǰ
ˮϵģҶתǣڵȫתˮϵ֮УâʢտޱȣԲεӡһȻʼâĿ
һӡӳҶԺ֮УҶһӡԭطˮ齣
ˮ齣طȻǿڽϵģ
֮ǰʩչǸˮ齣ǺܴģԼ䣬ѵֵסˮ齣Ĺ
ˮ齣ʩչӦñԼʩչҪѷɫˣˮ齣Լֶһп˵ʤɱС
ҶһЦ֪ʣӡʲôҶʱ޷ӡ
Ҷ磬ȰѲɣԺҪʹѲǰѲĸ鷳ˡҶYһԵ֪ж
šҶͷ
Ҷ׼ʲôʱȥҶYҶʵ
̾ȥǴڳҾЩף׼ǰڡҶҶY˵ҶսҶǴڳڣֻڴ鷳ǸҶҵĹϵôǢ
Ҷ˵ھߣҶYһ˿ȻҶһ·Сģʲôʱ򣬋YҶҵȻҲȥǵ𡣡
YҪСģԼ鷳ʱǰȥںڤڡҶСĵضY
ţYסҶYͷ
޲ɢ֮ϯҶ΢̾ҲЩȻ
¶ڽŵæµţҶY˺ܶۻ굤굤Ͻ֮ĵҩϣЩҩԋYְŶ塢Ҷɵ˸¶ԶǰڣС뿪˳ڡ
ƽԭ
ƬƽԭϣһЩ壬Ӳǵľ۾ӵأƽԭͷһƬɽԶɽ֮пȥһƵľɽ֮У̧ͷϣˡ
Щĸҥ棬ͨ͵ģǿʿҲ޷ʵǵĶˣ޷ĵײǺ˽Ҳƺ嵮֮Ѿˡ
Уֻнˣʿ
࣬ÿһ㶼ǶбʯΪ̣ⱦʯ̫ϡ޼ǿҲ޷ߣÿ˵ִߵһ㣬һıʯͻᷢҫ۵ĹâΪֹŵ˵ߵĵطǵ߲㣬˵Ҳ˴ﵽص׵߲㡣
ÿ£ʱ򣬶иŵĵӽУǰμǧˣƺЩ⣬ѾΣƽԭԽԽࡣ
ȵǲˣ֮ڣڱƽԭı಻ٺ۹ǰʮĴŶ˹мʮҲռһƬٺһЩʮصˣҲ񣬵κ˶ÿʮ֮ࡣһЩӵ֪ܵһЩЩ˶һЩĳңҩǡִЩġ
Щ֮⣬кܶɢ£ڶ࣬Ҳа֮ޡ
˵ִ˱ƽԭЩ۾ӵĵطԼΪЩ˵ĵ˲÷ֽ׼ΪԾкܶ鱦ȶտʼǼ죬ÿ춼Ѫɺӣִ֮ƽ
иһ֮УҶСһ˯Ҷˣһͷⶥ񣬱⸽ס
⼸ʱҶһֱƴȴĿ˵죬Ҫˡ
⼸ڼеУҶȻһǿߣҿ˫ȽϿƣҶӴ֮󣬱˻ǸǿҲ뿪ˡʦĲ𼶵ĸࡣ
ĸ֣֮Ҷľѣ͵ӵ̸ܵҶһµ˽⡣
½ܹٶңڳ۹ģʮʵ۹൱ѷɫʣµЩ۹˺ܶ࣬۹ڸŲϺŵֱ֣̤ƫԶ֮ءֵ֪
ۼ½ʮ֮һĸ֣ЩֶΪǳ֮ʯ
˵ǳ֮ʯ٣дԣһʱ߲緢ǰڰ˲ͨǸˣһ̽
ĴԺܶ࣬󲿷ֲ֪ʵһЩܵϢֻм󳬼աЩӵԵɻЩѽ⡣
Ҷ˳ȥԶƹ֮У˵̸˶𼶸֣϶һССĽ𽣣Ӧִˡ
һΣ˵ܵǱһ޼ĳϹֵһ޼𣬻ʮ֣ٶʦҪһ˵ʵɻ
ҲܵǱߺܿ飬˵ǻһʮʮʦǿܻᱻȷһһ񻹲˵УΣأһЩµĻ޳ûȺУܻ롣һ˿Ц
Ҷ⼸˵ĶԻüһ޼ִʵǿ󣡹ֲܹͳ½Ҷĸ֮У̨ҲǸ޼ʵ൱̫Ͼѡ
˻ޣΪֲģִмҵҲˣִǳۺ죬ϣ
һ壬Щ۹ĻҲ
ЩЩܽϣҶԶ½ĸ֣һЩ˽⡣
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һһˣһ嵹û
ߣҩǡ鱦սɳ⻹ҲǲСĴڣͷģһЩ޼ǿߡ֮⣬ʮ󳬼۹Ļ壬ҲǱȽǿһЩţҲŸԹϵĴС
ȻЩ֮ϣһ˭޷ĴڣǾִ
˵ңԶϹһЩܵʾ֮£ޡеһЩǿִ߽Щ˸½¹ȥˣִȻλȻӵеĳģǿĹϴУǺһ塢һ壬ߵĳ޷ִ
ĿǰΨִԵģֻе󳬼ңִսУûȡκƣǽڽڰˣִ֮ҲҲǵڣ󳬼ҵҲûйس֣Щɢ֮С


324 
˽֮Ҷиǲľηԭⶫ½Ȼôǿڣʵϣ֪ĶµģЩıÿһŹƾõĴСܹ˸ӵ֮ÿһǺǵġǵÿһٶһ쫷硣
Ҷڵʵ𶥷壬춦˵ܻһ𶥷ǿߣٻ꣬Ҳ𶥷ֿ⣬𼶻ϵǿߣҶʵ͸ˡ񵱳̨ȣҶǸǿ߸¡
ȻҶĶͷȴܶ࣬ո۹һŲ˵ĹһǿߣݵĿƺûô򵥡
ҶĶͷĪִ֪Ǽһ᲻ϣҪҶ鷳ˡ
̨֪类᲻Ҷš
ʱڲһ֮Уһҫ£ԣΪݻռطԲʮףʮֿ˸־µİ衣
һ𶥷弶ĳڵϣ̧ͷȥǰϣһߴӢˣһɫĳۣһǿˮϵ˿ݣܲĴڣ·ǽֻ֮еһˮϵ
ǲڳ죬ǿߡ
ѱ̫ϳϵˣԪ̫ϳ˵Ҫһ²ָܻҪһö굤ָܻƣԪ̫ϳ˵굤Ҫҩǽܵõֻþۻ굤굤֮ѷһĵҩ
ǸϵĻڳ첻ÿɷ񣺡ɲ鵽䣿
ʱûв鵽ĿܣǸҶϹص
ûвҶҵʲôڳٲ͸˼
ǲˣҶԭֻƫԶ֮۹һС壬ǿҲŽ׶壬֪ʲôԭͻȻ𣬿ܱʲôǿߡ˵
Ǹ꣬ɱ
ı
ʲôɱ춦Ҳ۹ô꣬ô׺ġڳƽ˵ǳڣҲǸҶΪһССĻɽ󣬾ܱȫˣڳԸڣڵҲûһˡ
춦ʵŹ֣𶥷ĳϣû㹻֣¶ԸЩǵ˵
ԺսҪ춦ʵӦû𼶵Ķ֡ڳĮȻصһۣĿ⴩͸񣬿ֱֵޣǳ֮ʯӦһѶţ֪ЩطгҲһ
ִӪ
һɫ֮ڣĸͷ˶ǰһͷ׷ߣ߿Ϊͨƽһһ֮䣬ǻƺһɣϡ
һһ֮䣬Զ̺ǿ⣬޼ǿ磬ǽó뻯һͨԴľ硣
ǿ߿һĻ¶һ˿֮ɫ֪ʲôʱ򣬲ܴﵽ̫ϳ磬ΪǿߣǶ֮Ƕ⣬ǳǳֻƤëѣ̫ϳȣ򲻼ġ
ǿУȻУϵѾˣ̨һ棬ɵĴˣȴô׸ԭģʵֻ۷ڵİ˳ɲ
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̫ϳϣΪ޼磿ǫʵ
޼Ϊûоͷвͬ޼Ϊ׶Σһʼʱһȭ̺⣬ȭﵽ۷塣ڶ̶ȣһǧ֮ɱǧ֮ڳ֮޷Ŀܹ֮ڣң񺣣һ磬봫˵еԶˣϷ಻˽⡣
׶Σÿһ׶ζʮءϷʼѾͣʮ꣬ûκͻƣִǿһλѾ޵أصҲˣϷĪ˵½һ޻Ҳֻضѡ
ڣȴЩֻڴ˵еϹŴܣϷ֪Ѿǧû޵񺣾ˡؿȻ
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д£üϢøϽܵ̨Ǻһ츳Ϊ׿ţСٶȴǼ죬ǸգǱ֮֮ǰΪͣʼʮأһص˿ˣû뵽̶ʱھȻٴͻƣﵽٷɳȥвִ
̨籵ǿ߳Ծص
죬ˡ֮ǰǿ߱˵ģ񺣾ĸֶţëвǳԽ޼ǿߵĴڣ̨˵õĳЩطУŻ֮졣ˣطУ
ǿһۣж¶һ˿ȵɫ̨ѧĳطУǰǿطУȻʮ˵ãֻǿһۣ˵ܰͻƵ޼ǿߡ
һǰ֮ܵգأһǿӦöǰϾԸ˵ҪһĪʧǻɴʦȲ̽һҪˣطǳ֮ʯһߣصܵǱߣʱ̹עߵԲʧ
Щ˵õ˶ô죿ʵ
˶£Ҫִ֪ľͿˣ㱻ִ֪ģץ֤Ҳް΢΢Цûȷ֤ݣȻ֪ǱִģҲֻʡ˭ִ
صĻ˽Զ¶Ȼ顣
ڻ׼ǰˣǶѾѡˣ󲿷˶ڴᡣ
˿̣Ҷһ֮У·ЩĻһԼòһ¾ӣйӴļ֣Էƾ֮ĶӦϲԼġ
С׼ˣһϣСߣҵС϶ʱɡҶССôСױϳ
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Ҷ˿ɫѾǻƻʱˣ££ͷϵñӣ˳ȥ


325 Ƽ
ҹ֮Уڵ壬΢΢ĺ⣬̧ͷϿȥƣˡ
⣬ʯϻľϣһ߻ǻεޣ飬Щ˵Ϊٶǵʦϣ޾ۼһ
ࡢޡ޼ʮ֮࣬Щ˺޶׼һġ
Ҷһм䣬ۡ
ǱȺһģ
˵һ츳׿ӵһ𣬾ʮǿߣ֮ɽʦ磬һޣٶʦĸ֣ǿһıʦ֮ǿҲǸģ
ǼӦöʦʦġҿһвףܱȽѣⶫ½϶һ£
Ա߼С˵ţҶ˳ָķȥʮһĮΧμÿһ׶׳ǱըԵļ⣬ƤɢڵĹ󣬿һһ㡣
ʨүһЩʲôطҶӡʵ
һǿǼҲǼСһƾСްˣû뵽ڣһȻųƶ½ǿ壬ǺЦ֮ϻʨʧЦһǿЩͨϵطˡ
Ҷɻ󣬼ȻϹʱڣôǿĴڣΪȴȫʧˣ
һȷʵڵܹԸģǻ߰ɡϻʨʨүҳȥǣڵʵʦޣҲǶԸˡ
ȻʨүĿһĲֵڣҶ˵ȴ޷ĴڣǴ˵е޻𣬸Ƕ½һǿߣ̫Ͼĸ֣
ȻҲϹѪСء
ҶջĿ⣬ҲǣСûãѾˣȻһԱġûͷų꣬öϸΧЩ˵죬ϾҪˣ֪һЩϢܹûġ
ҶȻûͷų꣬Լǿĸ֪ҶΧԲʮ׷Χһϸ΢죬Щ˵˵ȻᣬҶˡ
Ǳִģ˵ִȻһвص̫ϳϹִߴ̫ϳϣΪѾǴ˵е޼̫Ͼ硣֪Щû˹˵ҵ˺ִͷҪкϷˡ
Ǽ˭һָԶ׵ġ
սõġսҲǳƽʱ۹ɽ֮УǶһЩߣ˵ÿһսõˣ֮еĹ¶£֮󣬾ʮϸѵһ˵ֻһܻѧսõطУÿˣٶ𼶵ΪǺû뵽Ҳˡ
һսáִ֪Щ˻
Ҷ΢ЩҶǿѹҶףʱ˳УԲһЩ˵ܣ˵ܰԼͻƣһͻƣԼܴﵽǿ߾磬ȻԲҲһս֮ͻĿǰΪǵһΣٵʱܾ޷ԼˡꡢYСˡ
һ;ϣΨ;̤۷壡
ҶԶȥһϤӰӳҶͷһ٣Ȼִĸϴ븵̨֮һݣû뵽ô͸ԭˡ
Ҳǣִϸִֵĵö֫ӦûǺܼ򵥵ģʵ̨籶ԸˣҪϵ˺
Ҷмʮ֮ңϳҶǶȻŹҶġ
ҶñסݣȻȺм䣬⸽ɢźܶˣڸطɢ£죬ȻװЩأҲ˵ע⡣
ӵͬ£Ա߾һǿߵϢӶĿشЩɨΧĿȻ˼ȡ
˭Ա˵УһСʵ
ִƷֵǿߣд˵ڣҲд˵ڡ
ִˣȻֺһߴӲ˵
Ȼʮ˵ȴǱ˶һʲôҲִһ䣬ֻžһ죬Ǹߴڼʮ֮⣬㱻һƣ˵ɳȥ
Ǹߴһ˿Ѫͷ˵ˣΪ𼶣ǸĶ֣һɢ޶ѣĸִȴԿ
ɨˣִһξͲôˣ
Ǹŭԣȫͷ
Զһ˳߿һۣջĿ⡣ѵģЩûûбߣǽѵһˣͲô˽ˡûûбˣ㱻ѵˣҲֻš
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˼ף˭ҵ˱ִǲǿǾִ˵ˣͨ߸ûʸ̸ִ۸
ĻԶһսáҩǻмϹѪ˽ԶЦһҲûվ˵ʲôȻִͷҲԿִġ
һͨ߶Ĭû˵˭ҵִĶɵӣıһǼֵǣ׽ȥҪסԼջıȻҪһҲûа취˭û
һͨ߶ͷĬ˵Ҫҵ˱ҲҪ㹻ʵסУִִһЩҩ鱦֮⣬˵Ǽִ
Ļһֳв
ͨȻޣҲû˵ʲôǿߣܹԿġǵΪߵģҲʦѣͬʦûطЩʦ֣ǲ˺ܶࡣ
ˣҲ˵ˣԼա˵ֱ꣬ȥھҶԶĵط
ҶһֱͷĻҶһƲִ
ߵٲĵطͻȻͣһ£Ŀ⳯Ⱥпȥ
ôˣһڸʵĵλҲĸߵӡ
ɨЩͨߣղƺоһϤϢǹϢһţ޴Ѱ٣ǰǧͨߣŸ죬ĿѰ˺ܾãҲûҵҪҵˡ
ԼŪˣҡҡͷûʲô߰ɡ
תȥ
ҶԶıӰһۣҿǰһߴ׳סԼ˵ᱻԼڡ
ҶϾҪˣ׼ҷԸʨү
ʨүȥҶɻʵ
Ȼȥȥһʮ㣬͵µʮ㡣ʨүЦЦ˵
ʮ㣿ÿȥһ㣬һıʯ𣬼Ȼʨүȥʮ㣬Ϊֻе߲ıʯ𣿡Ҷɻʵ
Ǳʯ֪ʲôʱǶȥģʨүʱûǶʯ


326 
ʨүİæԼ֮Ͳͷת򣬲֪ôˡ
ԶߣǷһ˿ǰףΧЩ׼ˣ¶һ˿ڴɫͣǰڡ
һʵĺɫţʮһ롣
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ҾͲˡʨүҲãȻֻ֪޵ԴγһĽû뵽ȻϧԪűңô᲻ݴŪһЩԪűң
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󷽵ķ˿ҶıӰд󾪣ÿٶȣҶһնɱޣһ߾Ȼ֮ٶȷУ˵ãɫĽ⣬ǲĪǴǲһĸ֣
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ಡһҶŻʱƾʧӡ֮С


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ط룬Ҷͷ֮⣬ӦûвϹŴطģҪѧطԼȥҡ


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Զһɫţܶ˶壬ҶವһҲ˽ȥʧ˴档
ֹƬ̣ǰãҶǳ˵㣬Ļ޸Щ޴ͬǾһֻֻ޴룬ͨڣǰ泤һԾ޴ľ״ǰۣԳ޷÷Уһ㶼Ǳ·֮У˴Ͽշɹȶһɱһ͵ͻϮ
Щ״ʵ൱ʦǵ͵Ϯ̫ˣʦ֣һСҲᱻǾ״ǰش
ԶĲҽУҶҲļ²ѡ
ȻѾﵽڣҶ׼ҴţһǿĻѸٵسӣı
ԶзеʦǸܵϢһŵֱĬһֻһЩԼµĸǰ̽Ĺƻ˹أȻһֽ
ûڳǰֱǾްԼĴڰ
Ҷ˲̽ʮһ£ǰ֮УһȺȺ޷ȥЩ·УȻһѣмʮöɫĵЩĥ̴С沼˸ֹصķӡ
ӡĽ𵰣Īʲô
ҶһವһǳǸ򼲷ɶȥ
ҶСӣǲַʲôʨүӡҲΪӡ
ҷһЩɫĵ֪ʲôǱкܶصķӡҶǻ޵ĵЩǲǿԷޣ
ɫĵӡʨүҶĻ֮󣬵ûô˷ܼˣЩء
ҶɨЩ𵰲Զ棬һϹ⣬òҲʲôöɣ׼ȥڳ
Ƭ֮ҶܹЩˣѸٵױʿ컭ꪣۣΧȫɱѪĽ
ȻЩҲռԪűң֮࣬Ԫűҵ϶Ҳܶ࣬ϡΪԪűӦòôֵǮˣ㵽Ҳչı˵
Ҷȥһѽ𵰵Աߣ׼һѽȫ
ҶСӣǡʨү
ΪʲôҶɻʵʨү˽֪Щʲô˻
òǣһҪȫؿ飬ȷûһֻ죡ʨү˵ţ֮Умη֮⡣
ЩʲôȻʨүе£


330 ħս
ʨүһ֪Щʲôʨү˽ţҶû˿ԥЩ𵰿ȥ
ۣ
һöö𵰱Ҷ飬ĽҺ˳
ڣ⼸ʮȫҶ顣
ʨүЩ𵰵ʲôҶʵЩ𵰿Ҫܾòܷ
ͻȻӿô౦ܾЩԾЩ𵰵ĳ֣ӡ֤ҵĲ²⣬ЩĽһĻޣǾԻһѡ㲻Ҫãܿƻޣ޸ǲͬģϲɱࡢ޺ޣƽʱǿԲݸƤʯΪʳϲʳȴࡢ޺޵꣡ǵõɸΪǿĻޡǷʱ򣬸ǲǵˡʨүЩľս˵
Ҷ΢΢ͷ뵽ЩԴ棬ȻǶԪűңĪЩ޶ԪųЩŪģǸô޵Ҫʲô
˿ЩĽ𵰣ҶЦΪЩʲôأȻЩ𵰲ʲôȥһһڵϹ⵽ʲô
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Щһ߽ɱޣһЩ𵰣һƬҡ
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һϹѪڻħһʦòһö𵰣ͬӶȥΣƤڣȻһǰߴ󣬵ҲȫǼʵļ⣬УǵϣһɫǺڻħһĶ
ԻеĽ𵰲ǿҵĺ棬ĲԴһ˿϶ŽЩص·ЩԣЩӡϣƺ̺һصЩӡоϵķӡƺŤһ¡
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һͷҪû̽һ̽浽ʲôţ˽ȥͻȻ֮䣬һҽУʱ׹䡣
ô£ļͬ忴һĻϽ½ס˽𵰣ǻԲѣϢѾΪ΢ıԵˡ
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Ȱöͻȥ˵
ߣ
Ҷһ֮ϣ֪һ£ǵϹȻûȥڰԵھڿһ֮һɫս׳֮ڣĨȥĳɫս׶ʱϹҫ
ɫս׽ֻؼףܹסؿڵλãʲôɵģսϲƣתͣ
ʨүսôҶʵ
ȻħսףȻֻؼףؼ׵ļֵԲѷɫϵĲʨүԾص
ħսףһؼ׾͵ֵһѲⶫôֵǮ
ǵȻòһ֪ˡ
⴩Ҳ̫ˣֻܴˣҶ˿Լһ洩ɫؼףҲ̫Ź˰ɣ
Ͳ˰ɣͫһ˾Զΰţʷʦȫͫһ壡ʨүЦЦħսӦֻǰƷģû㽫Ѫħսϡ
ôЩҪѪҶеԼָҧƣһѪȥ
ડ
һѪħսϣǵѪѪһ㣬սף˲ʱ䣬ħս׷ҫ۶ĿɫâϹ
ҶԺеĳֳս׵ӣͷһеħսѾʧˡ
սʱʱٻħսףħս԰ֵǿߵȫһϧֻؼףħս߸׼ɣͫһľ֮Ǳͫһ֪жħս
ǿսףȻҶ󾪡
ǵȻûʶĶȥˡʨүȻص
ȻҶͣʶȻûʨүô㡣
ħսףֻ൱ڰƷ鱦ֻһЧ϶ܶ࣬һЩͫһʦӳֵĳħսףǲŽһ׾ƷħսףȫסʼǿߵĹ˵ƷƷƷˡ
˻ƷħսףɶԿʼǿߣƷƷƷǿף
˵еƷħսףԸʵǿԶȼǼֱ۷֮ħսףǻܶ༫ΪǿĶϧǸͫһʦǱ㶼½֪ˡ
ò˵ӹ죬޾ǲһȻ޵ʮٶҲʮϻʨһ壬ոճ磬֮ͿԴﵽ̫Ͼһȴ죬޷ͻѪҪµеһЩܣȴܲͻƣ࣬ǿģȻеĸ֡
ֱܹɽԼյоֱ˵Ƿ켫ĵزޣΪֹĴûѧᡣ
ǿģܹú칤ߣ
ҶһϳǼħսףһħսʧȻޱȣͫһˣôģȻս
Ҷ뵽ԼԺеķɵѷɵһֱԺ֮У᲻ħս׵췽һһͿԽɵٻ
˼ΣҪѷɵٻʧˡ
ǲУ֪
ֻܵԺ̽ˡ
Ҷħս˻ħս׾Ȼ߸׼ֻдճһףģ
ʱҶ֣ʮԼ߰Χ˹
Ǵ߷ģ
϶ĳЩ
Χ֮󣬿·еҶ΢΢ȻҶǱڹӣЩֵĿȻȻ꽫Ǽ
ιСӣִģ㲻һͺͷ˺ȵһ𶥷ĸ֣߻߸ˣ֣˵Ķӳ
ͺͷߣһָҶŭصȻ㣡Ӵ磬ϻˣɱû뵽ȻҶ뵽һα׷ɱľһҪɱ˵ĳ嶯
ҶǸ˿ȥ΢΢һ䣬ϴκսϵ֮һѾˣû뵽˾Ȼӹ˺ǵ׷ɱ
ʶɨһܣ⸽ִ֮⣬ʮ֣һģЩԸ塢šңмߣǶȻһս


331 ⶫҪˣ
ϵͷҶϵɭޱȣСӣοܣϴִս͵Ϯսֱӱ˺飬ںϲͣر׷ɱƴһ찡
޷ȴʹ䣬ص֮Ѿǲˣ˼켸ҹѹÿһ뵽Ҷͺ޵ҧгݣ޲ýҶʬԽͷ֮ޡ
Ӵ磬֮ǰҺһ֮̽سûԭ򣬽ںϵʱ⵽СӵĹСӾȻʹִֹսǲִһ˵ţһߴǬһѽɫ
СӣִΪУǻζ˰ɣԼɣŭһӸµؿҶ
ʣЩǣЩɣִ˱Ƚ϶ִ࣬Ӵһ£Ҳִ
ҶɨһϡˣøЩ˶˵ϻѾԶӿȥѰ㡣
ٵӹԲ֮ڵľ۵ףΪᱦĻս
һз裬ܶ඼Ʒı֮˾̾
Щ֮Уǳ֮鱦ԶһϹ֣Īħս׵׼
ϼҶȫ־»ֲ̿һŭġ
Сӣͷˣ򱾴үģү˵һؿҶһΣôִܣҶܵ
Ҷһһ̧ͷɨһϣһû֣Ͻҹûոϻ⼸ΪԼִģ;Լ˲ôҳɱִ
ҶĻˣСӻǲ֪Ӵ磬һ
Χš塢ҵĸ֣һļ˶ЩɻҶѾôָΧˣӦ뷽跨߲ǣȻգǹ򶨣ǳأǶ䡣
ܿʱ䣬ȴԮٲֿܾûˣԱһں˵
ῴҶ׹һСӣˣǾ͹ֲˡ
ɱһֻڵѸٵسҶ˹ȥ
ҶüëһѾ˼ϵ˷ʱ䣬ŭһΣ
ȻһߴĽױʿǽױʿߴʮףշ컭ꪣսףΧϻ
𣡡ױʿϣһǿϢɢ
˲ʱ䣬ɫ䣬
ȻĴڣ
ɫףôҲû뵽ҶȻһĴڣҪ֪ҶһʮӣҲҶ
ҲɵۣǰĽױʿͬԶŵһ㣬Ī𺳣ױʿǰһ˿ĶԿ֮ģ궼ڲ
ⲻܣΪʲôһ
֮ǰһĬµĸֽͷȷ֮پǷֽΪȷƽ⣬֮أͣû̽ȷûϵĸֽƻ֮ƽ⣬û뵽˽
ٶ֣ҲһĶְ
һ廹ʱù
λ£֪ҵȾκð֮⣬飡һ֣ڳֻеλߵˣֻ겻ͣǱҶĽױʿ˵ˣΨǿ˵Ͻֵ
ҶƳһһˣ˵һ޶Թ߰ɡ
һĸһۣɴ⣬Ͻл׷ȥ
Щ塢šҵĸǸоϵϢѹһۣ׷׸лȥһӵ÷ɿ죬Ҷɱǣֻһգ۵Ĺû뵽ҶȻϷŹǣǻϽܣ
ҶջĿ⣬ϡϣ¶һ˿飬ϡᣬǸֻҪִˣҶһ˳ۣ
Ͼֵ̧ͷŽױʿͷ亹䣬ϵѹȣǿƣֿܹġˣĴʵ̫ǿˣǿǸִֵһ㼶Ĵڣ
ִģɱǣȻ⵽ִֹıȻһִ˵һȻ̫ϡ޼ǿߣҲִ׷ȻҲɫҰףǲ˵ڽױʿϢѹ֮£ݶˣʱòִãһ˶׵ִȻЩҲȻ˼ɡ
ǣҶǿ߲һ
ҶϻһϿյĽױʿ޴ƣϡȥִǿƺҪһƬγǿķ籩ϻܣ⣬ͬǺ
ϡȻĸ֣Ǹ֮Ĳ࣬ͬǵһ㣬Ǹ޷ľ磬ϵѹȣȫɥʧ֮һƻӹǸоܵľ޴ѹȣһɽѹֻһƾǱͷ֨֨ѵ
ǿѹ֮£ϵһ¶ܣ
ءһϡ߸ִ˱ױʿһķɣʧңԶʡ
һƣȻĸ֣ҲǱɣǿǵĹֱܹ꣬ڽױʿһϡ˵ʱϺͺ˵˲ϻ
ԣֲϰĴڶѣ
㶫棬ʮĸƷ鱦Լһ飬ǹ鲻֪ʲôɣһֵ֮УȻûѡ
أݺᣬڶĸִ֡
Ǳ飬Ǳһط
˭ҸִطִǱ׼ߡ
ѩӰһ˸ಣŭһ˹ȥִȻǿƣһЩҵĸ֣ȴҲִ׷׳ᣬִ˰Χ
ҲΧǶǱҲĶѣǴͻȻðģոճֵʱɣǳ֮׳ۣ˾̾ƽϢ֮󣬿оֻʣǱˣɼⱾĲ
֮У鼸֣Ϊ飬ʮɥˣ
Ⱥ֮ʣͻȻ֮䣬һǿѹѹһַ׷ɫ䣬ǿϢһĴڣ
Ǽѵ̧ͷֻһߴޱȵĽױʿǵ֮ڣǽױʿͷͬһڸһȺһ㡣
ⶫҪˣǽױʿֳץֻǱǿǣɵ˽ױʿ֮Уǽױʿʳָ水ִ̫ţ


332 ط򣡣
Щִǿױʿ޴ʳָԼǹǿϢѹ֮£Ǹ޷˵ˡ
ֱִױʿ޴ʳָȥ¡һֻϳһ޴ӣȫֻױʿָڰֻһ㣬һ룬Ž˻ȥ
ѩӰһ廹ĸľѣְôһˣ

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ʱǸǧ￪⣬ǶԷĻγߣ׵ؽЩͳͳɱ
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ڽױʿǿѹ֮£ǫصͷصȴС

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ಣƷ鱦Լ˳򣬳ױʿķȥ
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ѹɢȥ֮ѩӰһ廹ĸǶʱڴڵشϢţ¶һ˿⣬ǻΪԼأжһֽٺңǰǸӿһִۣĸֱһָ࣡
ǽױʿոտֻһָͷѣͻɱ֣
ǿǲΪ֮ȡ
ǶһЩ֣һЩѾͣʮ֮ãһֱ޷ףһͻƣǱǿߣҲӵǰǿµʵ
ǣͨǿߵĽױϣôͻƵģҶ⣬ͨǿҪͻƵǿ߾磬Ҫķѵʱ䣬ʮ㣬кܶԶͣʦ޷ͻƣֱҲֻͣǸ統УǱǿߡ
һΪǿߣִһȳҲ㼫ΪӣһĴˡ
λһģȻɱ¾ִĸ֣
ѩӰһҲǹ֮һǸִһֱǺܶͷﰵ﷢ܶһֱִѹȻҲɱִˣΪȱһЩ۷ǿߣǴơ
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ѩӰһһۣԶȥ
Ƿӵķ򣬲ͨߵĵط뿪Ҫ屨һҪϢһרִǿߣ
㱱棬ֱִɱƷ鱦ᡣ
棬߸ֱִɱʧһ
ҶĽױʿһ·Ӷȥ£Щӹı⣬ִˣҶԥسֽѵһЩŵļһǱױʿָͷ
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˭ô£Ȼһĸָ˽
ԭӦ֮սһ֮ϵĸֳ֣ƽ˲䱻ơ
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ħսϹת·ķӡӺ֮˿Ϸ죬һ˿϶һֹϲɣ֮У֪ħսѾ˶ꡣ
һ͵ħսףǿȫһҲ޷׻
ҶħսսԺһ£Щ֪Ʒͨ鱦ħս֮⣬Ҷõһһ
Ǳ濴һۣ漫ΪҰĥüΪˣȴû飬ȫʶ֣Ϊأ֣ƺһһҳһŤŤ֣Ϊң֮Уƺִĳɡ
ǿ򣬳״һЩΪͨĵƣĵĺɫâⲻ֪ʲôʵɵģЩʲô;
ʨүⱾĪʲôطҶɻؿʵ
طʨүһЦҪ˵طö򣬲طǶط򣬰طҲֻһЩϼһܹϵóЩⱾ飬Ӧǡʮ֣Ƿǳϵˣ㣬ⱾʷʮϣܹôãҲǷͬ죬֪⡮ʮкֺ壬һҳһЩ֣Ҳϲҵ÷һղصЩ϶ˣ
ʨүҲ͸޷ˡ
ⶫҰɣһȥооʨү˵
õġҶսӡռ棬ʨүˣʨүطʹã
ط÷ܼ򵥣㽫Ѫط֮ϣѪܹطںϣǾζѧϰطϵطѪ޷ںϣطһЩصѪҪֻܷˣطĶѧˡ
ҶָƣƾԼѪ֮ϣȴǵѪ˳򻺻£ûںϽ档
޷ںϣ
Ҷеʧ
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öط޷ѧϰȥطҶ²⣬ӦûвٺöҶҲɥСҲһ£СѪҲ޷ںϵطС
֪öط򣬵׷ѪҪ
Ҷûоɥջķᣬ֪ĲЩʲôȥ˵
ವһҶӰʧ˺ɫ֮С
⡣
ʲôȻһ棬ɱǵˣĻ㱨֮ɫʱһ۸ˣǲǸұ֤Բ𣿡
̫ϳϢŭ֮ţĿǰΪֹûзκЩΣĳһĳطĳ֮УϽ͵ҲЩɻƣô棿
һ
̫ϳϣ᲻ĳЩҸԣ
ҵĸ֣Ҳǵ϶ˣû˵мܹױʿֵãеĪüͷɽ˲أȻ޼ԣһĴڣЩ֣Ͼִ˵оܵһ


333 컯
̫ϳϣǽˣһ黹һö򣬶Ǹȥˡ⻹㷢˺ܶǳ֮ʯжʮֻ֮࣬ǵȥһǳ֮ʯһ廹һЩ˵ˣ·㱨˼طŭӲͷƤСع˵
ʮǳ֮ʯⲻܣʧҲǼʶˣôʱܹоȵѾˣǳ֮ʯϡУģǳ֮ʯ̺żŨǳ֮Щǳ֮ǳ֮ʯ׹ʱ򣬾ɢ˺ܶࡣһܹ׹䵽ǳ֮ʯ޼ܼǧܷôһ顣
һһǳ֮ʯһ޼ǿ̫ע⣬Ϊһǳ֮ʯܹǴЧȽޣʮǳ֮ʯǾǵˣϾ޼֮ǵʵһ㶼ˡ
ʮǳ֮ʯüʮ꣬ۻ˴
ΣʵѰζĪλһ佫٣
̫ϳϣǻ֮УһЩɫĵ֪Ǻǲ²ӦĳǿĻµģʮУǵö˽òĽ
ؿһö𵰣һüͷļʶҲϲö𵰾ΪòԴö𵰻ٸܵλһ𵰾Ǻ
ǣϽӦǲԴһ𶥷ǿߣصĵӣʵ֣ܲһЩصıطĸ֣Ҳס
Ԫűҡǳ֮ʯصĽ𵰣һڱţĿͬ
ҽسҪǺ˸ִԣ
ǰĬȥЩ޼̫ϾĸֲýȥҲûˣԱһԵƽ⣬ڣǿߣƽѾƣǲҲ˲ˡ
̫ϳϣһ塢ϹѪҲ׷׽ˣŮ˶̫ˣҸסľοٳ˵͸һҲִֵĵǿߡ
һ壡شŭľסڣߣȽһǾ˵ٶȣִһ
ಣһ㣬ӳ
ǿҲǸڲ˳ȥ
֪һ塢ִ˶ĸǷ׷ɧҲǽŽ
ֽʱľƣùĪǷֱӵ̫ϡ޼ǿߵһԼִȻ֮ϡ
顢ǿ߶ԣշӣ˲Ϣǰ￪⣬֮䣬һǵ㣬ЩǱԶԶ˦
Щɢǿһɫ׹ӹΪʲô׷׷ϣǷ֣׹˲Ϣ֮䣬ʧԶʣǵٶֻĪ
ٶܹﵽ̶ֳȣܿ׹֮иʲôһȹŮӣĳ࣬Ľëˮ۾Ըеĺ촽޲Ȼ󣬿һ۱ߵҲǼΪǰһ״壬ȹյð͹¶ӿ󲿷˿һĻ¶̲סҪϢ˫֮䡣
գ齿һһ£ֻһƷ鱦ĳǱ
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Ʒ鱦ʵһ̫ǿ̫Ȥ
ವһ׹Ӷǵ￪⡣
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ƷǣܵϢ֮󣬽Զսʵ̫ǿˣֻԶһǵᱻɢش
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ҶоڴϢСϢǿֹСĴڣǰˣʵŻʱƣСѾ˺ܶ࣬ߵĻòһСָܻ۷ڵ״̬øǿ
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Сӣ㱿ɵҵЩһֻ컯޵ʬֵǮͨʦһ⣬һöЧο컯޵⣿ǧֻ棬ôһĸʣһֻ컯ޣ
ҳ컯޵⣬ĹͷǣҲֵǮĺöóһ㣬ʦɱֱӿ˶ֵ꣡ǿǱ߰Ʒ鱦ǿһ鱦Ҳֻܿѡ֪ǸСĺꪣһЩǵĳɷ֣׻ָϵ˾ͺˡ


334 ֲ㣡
˻ǣȫǱ֪컯ԴĺĽʲôӦòԪűңǸֵǮĶ
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Сһֻ컯ޣȥԣҶС˳ֻСವһһٶ׳ľ޴ߡ
С⡱֣۾һųĵ⣬ֻ컯ޣˮ
Сӣٿֻ컯ĳ࣬Ҷֻ˵Сãôһֻª컯޶ˮ
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⣬ߣСһβͳ컯˦˹ȥ

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335 ôⶫ
Ƕǰκðǰ飬ǰֻȤԸ⽫ֻ͸ǰҶ֪Ů˵ʲôͼϵĶǱģ
̫ϾǿǰֻҪܱסҲֻԡ
СһΪһСĶȻɱôִˡһ˫ֲˮϣŤҶǵӻ󣡡
Ůˣִ֮䵽ʲôϵҶе͸Ů˵ʲô˼
Щִ̫ſɺˣϧҶ˵ִɱѾɱˣŮִһߵģͳˣҶ²ŮӦִĶͷ˵Щת
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СһȻִǱ߹һ޼ߣ̫ϾޣûǣʵҪҵҲ׾٣ʱδܶùڽ棬нұ㣬ͷҲôָҶϻؿڻȦȦ觰ڣҶֱͦԸУĺ촽ЦЦ΢΢
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ҶСĺ棬ӱ󿴣ıӰ񻣬ǷΣһ˵ȻһֵŮˣһϸڣһ˿覴á
һۻۿռ컯޵ʬ壬Ҷϸع۲ֻ컯ޣֻ컯ͱͨҪö࣬ѪҺǺɫģɢһŨϢ
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СһɢϢҶ֮ǰõطһģ
ⶫǲط򣬻ҪʨүȷϣϿǰ˾Ųʮˡ
ʨүⶫط𣿡Ҷ͵͵ؽطӡ֮Уѯʵ
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ط޷жط;ҲвͬãѧһȽõмطʵɣһЩѧһõĸ߼طԽսûʲô⣬Щط򣬿ɶϹŴУʨүе㼤
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337 ֣ͣ
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㱦ڶ࣬СܾܵȻֻ˼߻޵ʬ塣ҡҡͷƺǾҶСе㲻ʶȴǲ֪⼸߻ʬ棬طֶΪЩʬһĽҲֻԪűҡ
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ˣл㡣ҶæǸ꣬ûģ˭֪Ůʲô̡ҾԼҪҲѺöԼ
ಣ׹ʧ㾡ͷĺɫ֮ڡ
顢ҶС֮ʣһȺ˽㣬ǲءˣ⻹֡
иĸУʵǿ˷ֱͲأЩû뵽ô౦ֻ˼ֹ״ѾˣϽ׷׸ܲܲĸһʱỹϲ
һ㣬˲Զȥضǻ޵ʬ壬޼ǿû취̫ǿ㣬ǵҲǼΪģԿʮ֮һС
ȫһɨգ
ŮˣˣشŭĶһּһ׹طЩˣƺö
ȥǸŮˣǸҸϣ
ǣ̫ϳϣͷ
ಣһǻһ׹ȥ
뿪ں棬ЩǿһۣҲܲûйǸùִһִһ⣬ҲҪȿ
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㣬ս㣬飬˼֮ɫǰôˣĻ̽һЩµĶȻҲ
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ǳ֮ʯҶüë΢ǳ֮ʯǸĺöҸҲС̫ϡ޼ǿߣҲǳ֮ʯȻǳ֮ʯǵЧȽСǳ֮ʯܶ࣬ǵЧǷǳǿġ
ಣ׹
ڷ֮ʱҶǰһ͹ʴǹΧ׹裬ǳ֮ʯֱþݡ
ϰٿ飬ٿǳ֮ʯпֹܲ
Ȼ̫ϡ޼ǿߣڿ֮ǳ֮ʯʱҲܲģٿǳ֮ʯһС磡
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ǣǳ֮ʯ̫ˣǰĴҲЩϹǿǸõˣҲ󲻵Ȼ֮ǳ֮ʯ
ǳ֮ʯ̫Ҫˣ鿴һҶСԶǵȥ
ҶסСûпǵףʱǳ֮ʯֱ̫ǿߣ֮ǳ֮ʯҲ޷ѹס̰
Щǳ֮ʯҶҲû취˵ЩʲôϾԼΪ̫ˣһЩ֪֮ģȻԼСĿǰûж⣬ص飬˵ͻԼˡ
ÿһ㶼һ޴Ŀռ䣬ϿһƬڣһۿͷԶǵףģſǳ֮ʯƹ裬֮
ǾһʿޱȵĲƸЩǳ֮ʯԻ¼ٸң
ԶǿǶԣٹĹҲȲʵҪ
΢ţֻǳ֮ʯķȥΧŹܿ£ʮöǳ֮ʯ
ûʲôܵˡ
Сܵܣÿ˿ʮǳ֮ʯ˶˵һʲƸȴҲһѡҶСĶôǳ֮ʯ
Ҷ׹һӵӰȥ仰٣ԽЩǳ֮ʯȫУȫԲÿҶСĸܣΪҶСĶ֣ȴҶСÿʮ飬ĪһˡȻвֹٿǳ֮ʯ
һǳ֮ʯһ߳ڿһۣײֹҪȥһһռЩǳ֮ʯǳһ㣬ռǳ֮ʯʱЩǳ֮ʯȻܣҪôǳ֮ʯռܷʱ䣬ʱͷºܿҪˣҲղô࣬ҶС߼Ҳûʲô
黰֮ʱһӰڣһ뷢ߣռǳ֮ʯ飬ŭ޷Զȭһȭȥ
ƻŮˣ֣ͣŭȣҪٲס飬֪жǳ֮ʯҪ


338 ᣡ
Ҷԭ黹ĴôһЩмڲسֵʱ˲ˣЩм֮Ҳʧ
ʱѾˣ鲻˳ˮˣ֪ڲظ֮ǰЩǳ֮ʯȫ£Բ˵ҶСÿʮ飬ܹЩǳ֮ʯȫߣǶȻ˵ģϾʮǳ֮ʯԸԣҲһӴĲƸ
Ѿռʮǳ֮ʯس֣Լ֣һһֻ޴ޣء
صȭײһ𣬺һ죬ǿҵĳͬ籩ϯ
Ҷʱǧ׿⣬ɳɨͺһһƺ£Χһֻ޴ĺӰС档
صһ죬ǺӰըѿȴҲǹɳ
ߣҶͺһСವһӳʮ
Ҷ磬ǺС𾪵˵
Ҷ΢΢ͷкȻʼĶԾѾôֲˣǱʼߵ磬жôֲԼСӳֵ׹طԼС˵Ѿˡ
һײζ˶٣صӰȴٶȼ졣
飬㵽ΪֹҲʼضѣϷǰͻʼˣϷĶ֣õıｻϷԿһϣ㲻سȵܹЮ޽
ͷȻǰͻˣ鰵Ը̣ȴһϾӣƵصǰҪִݻĳܲ𰡣ǰҪһ㡣
飬һжԱ˻ãϷңһôûУϷѵֹˮ֮һɫ̡ͬЦֻΪצһצ¡
ǰǲءЦһؾ磬ȻǲǰĶˣҪǰö֣ҰǰõЩȫǰˡ
صצҪ£仰ͣһ£Ը⽻жͲöˣϾɱ飬һǱ߶Ȼưոݵġ
ڲצͣٵƬ̣ĻȻޣ˲صһȥ
ظо󾢷Хɫһ䣺ˣթ
ѵǰ֪թһ˵ôЦһȴ˿顣
سһϵƣһºʵǽ壬ءһ޵ƾֻһ
ɫ΢䣬¶һ˿𾪣֮
ִϵط֮صͺһֻһԾ֣ץȥ
ҪͻȻѾγһ޴ɵҪѾܡ
û뵽ǰȻʩչ֮ȻЦӣ
ʵϣȷʵҪǿ̫ˡ
һطƣҿһ嵽Щʲôطɣɱ¶ǵϵĸִ̣еȥ
һطȻܶ࣬ô˼ǰʩչأòǰʧˣ죬Цǲ˼ұȲǰȽǷ˲ٺö⣡
ֻವһϹƣһɫףɫ׽ȫط棬أЩ̺ϣըȴȻЦӯӯ
ħսףȻһϵħսףÿһǾƷ鱦ģһ֮󣬾ʼʮǿߣȫҲ޷乥ơ
ħսףǰ齿Ц
ѹȽײ˲ףعʱȻȻһħս׷طζըˣȽôħս׾ͶȻ
ħս׵ǿ󣬲֪ģڵʵȻ޷ħս׹ơ
Сܵܣסͷӣȥǳ֮ʯĻҶ
ħս׻ؾףҲȫκβҲ޷ѣͣͷޣͼɱأˡ
䣬ƾһȭȭǿȭħսϣ޷ħսһ˿Ѻۡ
ҶСԶһۣرħս׵סˣʱǳ֮ʯʱ
ಣҶСϵ׹طڣԶǵȥ΢㣬һǳ֮ʯУ˳Ź
ؿҶСȥǳ֮ʯŭӣƲ飬㳯ԶĹȥ
ڲעҶСϣ׼ȥǳ֮ʯʱֻ߳һ׹
طƶף
˫Ķʱһһͷ˫ģһͷѸײڶ֮ƣ˲صĺ󱳣ֻ̣˲ʱһƬڣð̣ûжԲʲôʵ˺ȴŲصĺ͵سԶ˦˳ȥ
ؿҶСռǳ֮ʯŭӣû뵽ʱʩչطȻʱʩչȻ˦˳ȥ
䣡
صɳȥףײԶĵϣĳ
Ƭ֮󣬲ؼΪǱշ
ղŲ˵㲻ʩչط𣿡ô֮ȻûнΧߡ
ףСŮ˵仰𣿲ǰ˰ɡǰطסСŮӣȴСŮʩչһطĵҪһ޹˵
һط࣬ϴȫ׵ħսףȫصκιҲ޿κΣ޷ǵۿôǳ֮ʯҪҶˣＫġ
ôû֮µǾͲ˱ˡ
ֳǰ֮ץȥֻһ֮£صһը
ԭħս׾ȻҲǳԾ֣ħսף˵ֻףףҲࡣ
ؿԼ֮˲һǷŭ֮һǿ֮ȥ
أͲشذ
ҶСһ·ͣǳ֮ʯƬ̼Ѿ˶ʮ顣
ǵٶҲ̫˵㣬ٹӣӦþ˸ˣʱǳ֮ʯֲˣʨүӡ洫
ʨүӦô죿ҶʵЩǳ֮ʯӦ֮󣬻Զܡ
꽫ӡƿһӣʨүεص
ҶӡĽ֮ϣǽƱҶ˺һӡ
ֻʨүſһǵȱڶʱγһǿУԶЩǳ֮ʯǱһǿ׷׳Ҷķûӡռ֮С
Ҷ׹طͣسȥһ·еǳ֮ʯ⣬׷ûӡ֮С
ۣ̫ˬˣöǳ֮ʯԪųǰϼһﵽǴʲôط㵽ôǳ֮ʯģҶСӣϼɣѾõٶʮǳ֮ʯˣ죡ʨү˷ܵشС


339 
ؼҪľȴøط޻ǿ󣬱ǵڣħս׷ȫء
޷飬ҲһѲȴգԶҶСִǵˣȻҪԼıӻʱҶСռǳ֮ʯҪԹԵؽ
㣬ҶС޷׷٣οҶСʩչ׹׹Ȼֻһطط֮Уȴ̺Ϣ׹ûʧ֮ǰ˲䵽ҶСߡ
ôȻԶǵ޴ĹһۣҶһ·ϷӣЩǳ֮ʯǱʯһ㣬ವطҶҶգۼѾռ˼ٿǳ֮ʯ
СܻܵӹһĨ죬֪Щǳ֮ʯռô򵥣ǳ֮ʯࡢޡһȻų⣬ǿǳ֮ʯʱǳ֮ʯȻرˣղŻ˺üʱ䣬ռʮǳ֮ʯѣҶƺһգ֮䣬ռٿ顣
ǳ֮ʯ׷ױҶУüҪѪްΪʲôôŽʵȽõħսףĻʲô£ǰЩǳ֮ʯҲȫˣ
飬ִ㲻ݣؿŭش
ǰˣСŮҴûҪִ԰ҲһСŮӣôҸִأգգ۾һί޹ؿŲء
ؿһƣ³һѪ
ڶ˾֮ʣڽ㡣
ɱǱǸСӣǳ֮ʯؿˣȵ
ոսĸԶȥԶҶСͬڵһ㵯𣬳ԶĹȥ
ʱһһǿ߽֮ڣǻȸһ
ôӿִǿߣʱҲˣҶСʵȻǸĶ֣ҶСҲڶѣѾ𾳽ͣ˼ʮϵĸ֡
ǰԽԽ࣬ҪǲˣΣЦеص
˵򣬳ˣҵЩǳ֮ʯ˵һһڶ
׹
Ҫʩչ׹룬ȴŭһط׹һ̫ˣִļλоԸǵطˮ
޵ȻϵˮϵҲһЩԵģܹʩչһˮϵط
ˮϵ׹ո𣬱̼ʧˮ֮С
ˮȻס飬ȴ޷˵顣
Сӣִˣǳ֮ʯѾ£ˣܹʮһ飬׼ô죡ʨү˵ִһ壬ܷŹӴĲƸ
Ѿֵǳ֮ʯôȫ³ȥ
Сʱ飡Ҷ
šҶĻСವһ˻ʱ档
ҶһץʱץȻ׹طವһԶȥ
СܵܣܣﲻˡĻһ˿ѶϢסһӣһĸҲϾҪˡ
ĻҶȴǲÿɷ񣬰ִ׷ѵҪǳ֮ʯȫһ壿Լϵǳ֮ʯ϶Ҳ־ڱصãǿٶǳ֮ʯ
ǣҶЩǳ֮ʯʵʵؽȥ
ΪԼѲĻ׷٣Ҳ̫Сˣ
Ҷ¶һĨЦݣ׹طӳȥ˼ವһ·ϵһƬľ֮Сٶ̫ѾԶԶ˦ˡ
ٶȻҶҪö࣬Ҷϣȴӳֵ׹ط
սһʱҲڲ׷ҶҶһϢҶӳǧ֮⣬ҲҵҶ߲㡣
ҶԶȥǰ߲ˣ׼߲㣬һ·Խϣ޵ĵȼԽߣ㣬Ѿ̫ϼĻˣҪǻ˵ã
ټˡҶ΢΢һЦһವһӡʨү콫ҵϢĨȥ
˵ʨүҲ֪ôʨүЦһǻС椹ҪѪˣ仨ˮ鰡
ҶƾʧҲûκһ˿Ϣ
ʱսü΢оҶϢѾȫʧˣ׷ٲˣô£˵ԼҶµһҶܳǧ֮⣬Ҳܸ֪ҶܳôԶ
ȻȷʵǸ֪ˣ
ϽԶ׷ٶȥڻϢʧλò̽տҲҲҶֻԶ߲ڣĪҶǽ߲㣿ҶôôͿĻ֮ǿ߲㻹˵ã
ҶʧĵطصѲ飬ʼûзҶټԶ߲ڣû룬ԭ·۷


340 ڻˣ
أأ̫ϳϣСӲ֪ˣҲ
ʲô֪ˣشŭôǳ֮ʯѵȫˣǸСӻߣȻˣؿ񣬶ݺݵͬһһ㡣
غƣϴȫ׾Ʒħսף߾ȫҲ޷ķκβ顣
ǰҪǲˣЦ˵ϵħսϹ֣ħս׵οԸʹߵͺԱиı䣬˿Ϸսף͵Ĺ죬Եø߱¶
ȻЦģҲΪ꣬ȫӦԼҶϵһ˿ϢˣԭΪҶЩǳ֮ʯ󣬻ùԹԽû뵽Ҷ֪ʲôȫĿơ
غ޺޵صһ飬Χߵ֮ȥ
飬飬ִһ壬˽ᣡغ˵
лǰ顣鿩Цವһһ׹Զݶȥ
̫ϳϣŮˣʵЩʡ
ǻΣϷˣסŮСӿ϶Ůͷģ˵ôǳ֮ʯǸ˵ͻʱִĵλˮǴߣڣЩǳ֮ʯȫŮ˸Ūˣħսףкް
顰ಡһ䵽߲ͨǰɨȴûзҶټ
⸽ʧģӦûн߲㣬ôͲأü΢һһɨӣȻҲҶڡǺطȻȫܹĻ׷٣
մ㣬վۡЦЦλСܵܣһЩͣˡ
鵹ûҪɱҶСֻǳ֮ʯȴǹϵһ棬ǶȻҶСģû뵽Լ˰죬ȴҶ
Ҷӡ֮УһʨүʨүΣ
ǻСڵأˣִˣ϶ǻСͷԶǺ׼߲ˡʨүЦ˵ǽҶСϢȫĨȥ׷ٲӡռ
Ҷͷһۻۿռ䣬ٶǳ֮ʯóȥһ飬ķ
ʨүǸģҶһӣٶǳ֮ʯʨү
ʨүǰƣֻЩǳ֮ʯ׷ʨүǰĵϣʨү˿ǰҶһ˿ɫҲûж˵ʲô
ҶСӣȻõôǳ֮ʯǾ͸Ͻɣڲܳȥٹһʱ䣬ܻиĸǰĸ֣Ͳˣʨү˵
ʨүΪʲôӡأʨүʵӡôıʮа˾ŶʨүģҶ˵ȫɵӡʨү
ҶСӣ˵ˡʵʨүҲȥȥ֮ǸǻʨүҲ޷㡣ǰǼѣ󲿷ֶָȥԪųǣЩûȥԪųǵĸ֣ˣҪôǰԼͻȻôı仯ԪųǵӰӣʨүҪǳȥĻԤϵֻ
ʨүγìܣӡô꣬ȥֲҳȥ֮䣬Ƕʮ֮ԼҲʮꡣ
ʨүĻҶ΢΢ͷԭʨүҲйǣųٳٲϳӡ֪ԪųǵʲôһڣҶ֪ЩĿǰԼܹġ
ȸϽʵ˵
Ҷʮǳ֮ʯ˻ʱ棬ǸСõġ
Լóһǳ֮ʯʼǳ֮ʯ̺ǳ֮һɰڻ㵽ڡ
ǳ֮ʯ̺Ȼ棬ǰҶոһǳ֮ʯΪ𶥷ͻƵڣڿʼյڶǳ֮ʯϵǳ֮ΪԵͻơ
ΪϵͻƣҶоڵ֮ҲԵı仯
֮ϵ֮ɢźֹ⻪貶Ŀ
ǳ֮ʯϵǳ֮а˳϶Ǳ֮ˣ
ʱƣҶϵҲųһ˿˿΢⣬ΧͶֻ޵ӰҶ裬Щ̬죬з㣬оߣ棬֡
һ˿˿صҶΧ
ʨүҶЩӰһ˼ӡ
ҶСӣ棬ӡŰֻޣͷųһֻֻޱΪãʨүҶԺ
Ҷ΢΢һ棬Ȼӡޣ
ԺУʹĪЩٻ޵ķ
ͺһɣ
ءһҶϵһֻ޴ĺɫ񣬳Ҷͷֻ׶ߣݣͨźɫĻ档죬һǿϢӶ裬Ҫȥ
ǲڻˣ˵вڻӵĻֻڻֻһӡëôһЩԣΪ̫ˣֻڵʵΪǿʨүֻ޴Ļ˵
ڻˣʨү˼ֻ񣬽ֻһëҶԾصֻһëʵǲڻ˵ı壬жǿ
ǵȻڻһ壬Ǳϻʨһ廹ҪǿöĴڣϹޣʵϻʨһǿĴڣҲϰˣֻһëҲǿˡʨүпڻһ壬ʧʮ꣬ҵһëҲǼΪˡ
ҶֻֻڻֻһëҲݣ͸һֲɣϵϢĲڻˣǺεǿĴڡ
ֻëĲڻˣڵʵˣ
ҶŲڻ洫Ϣʨүʵʨү˵֮зӡŰֻޣֻڻֻһֻôֻܽͷų
ʨүҡҡͷʵ̫ˣֻԴ߶ֻͷųһֻ
Ҷ˵ͷͷųôǿһֻޣѾ֮ϲԼЩ̰ˣʵʵԼʵǹؼ
Ͽճֻڻ⣬춦ͣתҶϵؼҶԸоԼ춦֮䣬˸Ĭϵ·һ˿˿ϵϵҶоԼΪڷţ֣춦ѾǱΧ
ʱƣҶҵľ磬ͣתŵ֮еľǣ·һӴռһ㡣
Ҷתǵ˲䣬ֻ춦ವһʧƬ֮󣬾ȻҶһռ֮У춦ϵĻ治ͣžǣ춦˿֮£شſžӨ͸ı顣
һصΧҶΧҶеͬһһ㡣


341 Ӱű
һʱܿ͹ȥˣӡռ֮⣬½кܶǿ߲ڣ½ؽ߲㡣
Ȼ½½зǳ߲㣬Ҳкܶ˳
˵Ķ飬߲֮󣬿ܾôʮ˳Һܶϻˡ
һ壬вشִִ߲㣬˳
֪߲ﵽЩʲôøǱͬʱȻ׼ȥڴפڵȸĸֹ߲϶һЩ˲õıǡ
֪Щеֻ᲻һֹӡҲȫˡ
ҶǿҵĽȸУһ̲ͣؼȡǳ֮ʯѸٵΪ
פ߲ڵԽԽ࣬ʱмϣǲֽ߲㡣
һıѹˣ˶߲ıżһЩ˽Уض飬ǱأЩҲûصףʵ̫ǿˣܶ鶼˻
ʨүʲôϢ𣿡ҶʵҶҽȥ̽飬ȻʨүѾµĻϢĨȥˣܿѾסϢһ̽飬ܻܿᱻ֡
˵߲ĵشһΪִĹǧǳ֮ʯ߲ʮֻ̫ϾĻޣһ˿ǵȻЩ޳֡
ǧǳ֮ʯҶһȻҲȥ̽һף顢ص˶˻͸ûлˡ
̫ϾĻޣкܶģѾкüĸˣ㵥ǹƥģǲҪȥˡʨү˵
šҶ΢΢ͷףܹ̤ģڵҪƽµسȥ
һ塢ִ˺߲㷢һЩƷħս׵ΪЩħս׵˺üִȻն񣬵һ߸ռһЩò˵ǻСŮƻƻġ
ŮˣΪزأȫ׾Ʒħսףظκβ顣ħսףʵԼȫ׾ƷħսףǶĸ֣ǱӮˡϧԼֻƷħս
ʨͨʨҲˣСȻֻͲأӦҲ̫Կرʨ񴸣ǰǼʲôʱСӴӡʨүѵѵ
ͨʨҲˣ
ͨʨ֮ǰҶɽǼֻҲˣ۷壬һòҲһҼǵûӦǽǿ񵶡ҶСӣûǲҪǿʩչѷɫʼǿߣܹƥеġ
סҶͷֻǣȫͣ۷岻֪ǿߣԼʩչȫҲֻڶѣǱֻΧûʤ㡣
Ҷʨү˵֮ʣȻоʱһ˿춯곯̽ȥ
ʱ棬Сһǳ֮ʯҲһ飬ոӦ̧ͷСϣֻСϵ壬ͣرţʱþ޴ʱֱúСһŵˮϵޱȵˮϵͬһƬһ㣬ֲͣػӶӾ
ССôˣҶʵ
С۾̧ͷСϣһã˵Ҳֻ֪Ǹְɫʯͷˡ
ǳ֮ʯ
ҶСӣֻڤ£ڤһ䣬Ӧǳ֮ʯ󣬷˵һ䡣ʨүƽ˵
һôҶʵڤһ֪ࡣ
һ֮ڤȻûκսҪץǲˣǾ֮һһ㣬Ա仯̬֮ζƳ꣬ЩһǿĴڡ
֮СϣȻûʲôսҶҲû׼СϰԼսȻһЦ
ҲСǣǶԸܻ֮ĸӦ˵ܰҵ֮֮飡ʨү˵
šҶ˵ͷЩǳ֮ʯӦùСߺСʹһʱˣ˻ʱ飬
ΪҶоԼԷɵգҲǽ˺ܶࡣ
Ѿͬʱ˰ѷɵȻٿеѣΪԼ߼Ƚף̫ϡ޼ǿߣһС֮£ҲױԼķɵˡ
ţҶҲԵʨүս˼ΣǰΪֻʦʱѾʨүֵ߰ˣΪڣ֣ԼֻʨүС
ԼΪͬʱӡķӡҲѿôһЩʨүʵǿñҶҪöࡣ
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ֻˣǻСÿν߲ʱ䶼ܿͳˣһϢ϶λãʱٶӡУȻᷢһЩΣܾˡʨү˵ȻҶӡʼֶԸڵҶҲкܶ취
Ҷ΢΢ͷȻףٹһ죬ܵĻᶼûˡ
ˣ֮ǰõ޵ʬ壿ǵط֮ǰõط򣬾а˿طˣ˵ѧطʨүȻʲô˵
ҶҲ뻤ۿռ֮󣬽޵ͷ­ϣʬͷ­棬ֻиԪűЩƵĽطֻһ޵ͷ­ط
ʨүֻط򣬻ÿֻ޵ͷ­ﶼط򡣡ҶطӦֵģԼһδ޵ͷ­õһط뵱ȻΪÿֻ޵ͷ­涼طء
ʨү΢΢ףԭˡ
ʲôҶʵҲԲ״ģ֮ǰֵԪűҲ࣬Ҳǲӡͨ尵ɫֵĽ󣬲ʸԪűҺܲһԪűҵĹҪԴһЩ
ǣӰ𣿡ʨүԾص
ӰʲôӰ𣿡
ô˵أӰҲһּΪϡеĽ٣ƷƷƷ鱦ĲϣһЩʦǴ
ҶһݣļֵͨԪűҵĽֻƷƷ鱦ѣӰԱԪűҵĽһΡ
ҶӰĵطһطԼѪˣҲСԹˣ޷򿪣֪ʣطô


342 ͵컻
Ҷᵯָ⣬γѪѪһطϣûطУ˳ط⻬ı滬䡣
طϵطҲѧ
ҶЩʧ䣬ЩطѪҪϿˣҪҵһܹѧϰطѡ
ʣһطҶκϣˡ
ԼʵҪٶȡط򣬻ȽѣطԼСãǾֻҸתܻܲʺԼõĶ
ҶѪûиطںϳɹʨүı鼫ΪƽһжԤ֮С
һطģһѪȥһѪطϵ˲䣬ֻطһλɢһصʣطͻȻųѤĿ߲ʹâ
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ںϳɹˣҶ֣֪ѧʲôط
ʨүһԸطҲ¶һ˿Ц⣬ҶСȻںһ飬κһطϵطӦö򵥡
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ҶʨүĻûüӦ㱻߲ʹâ֣Ҳʨү˵Ļˣûһ˿·ξһ㣬ʨүǽ飬ƺҲģˡ
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⣬
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Ҷ䣬ֻ֮У˺ܶܶӰһЩǿʩչطӰ
طУѧ֮ԽǿطԽѧһطܼգһмطҪ꣬һ߼طҪʮ꣬ڸǿطǾطԪطҪһȥо
ҶЩطţʲôطԼڵ
ЩطӰҶĿͻȻ䵽һǿӰϣҪط
ȷҪѧطƺЩʵ

͵컻գطϢıòһرԶ̫ϡ޼׷٣ȻǾطգڲսطսʱûκôȷҪѧвսطʵһҪᵽط򣬾ûôˡ˵
ҪѧطҶصһ⣬㲻ı䣬ڵΪѧһǿطҲùһʼǿߣЩǿĹطҪܳʱա͵컻գһ漫գһԼڵվ
ǺãҾͽط㣡
䣬ֻ֮еصķӡ£Ҷ壬ҶоԺ֮УһĿھھʩչ͵컻յĹؼ
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Ҷüû뵽ںط֮󣬾Ȼ飬Ҷ𾪲ѣطĪںطˣļ
ҶСӣôˣϻʨҶʵ
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طȻٶطѡ֤طλߣǿþˡ
ط͵컻գ
ҶĬ͵컻յĿھƺһЩ
͵컻طһʱ͡ƤԿɸı䣬ϢҲ˵еǹϢһ㡣͵컻մһǾطһ֮󣬾̫ϾǿߣҲδܲ̽Ϣ
ĬĬת͵컻մ󷨵ĿھҶӲͣر仯ʱ¡ʱ䣬ԭȵòǽȻͬ
ϢҲǱҶ
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ʨүҲĸоһһطǾž֮ˣҲҪʱãܽһСɡҶڶ̶Сʱ֮ھ޳ˡ
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ʨүҳȥҶվһֱӡҲǸ£ȻܺŪͲˣǾȳȥһҸῪԼŪôöѾˡ


343 ʨ
ҶСӣòҪʩչ꣬Ȼһ֣ͻᱻϳʨү˵
Ҷ΢΢һЦʨүģǿУҲͷģⲻҵٻޣʱٻڻˣڻҲڵʵĽױʿһˮ׼
ʨү΢΢ͷҶԵֶԽԽ࣬һҪʹꡣһҶЩڴ֪Ҷܴﵽʲô̶ȣ
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߲ڸڴ˰ӪկвɢǿߣʱʱɹޣҲвޡ
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ǡʱеҡҡͷоϢҶϢȫͬ
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ߴ׳ȫĿ¶׹⣬γɰΧ֮ƣҶΧ


344 ס
ɱǺģִҲܲ
طʨӪԶ
ʱкܶɢԶΧۣ۷׷ס
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۹ɽèһģҶһ·ؿڵԻñ飬ҵһɽèһˣǶǰˡ
࿡㣬ֹţ˲øУ֪ʲôϵ


345 ߲㣡
壬Ǵɽһġ׼ָһмֺ
Ǻ˴أıȼ԰ЩľګΪǰɽԶҶӡ㲻
áҶ΢΢ͷһЦ
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кڤڤһģƽʱģ㲻׹һЦ
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ĿҶȥԸ̾ҶǺǶΪҶˣû뵽ʨǱ߾˾ȱҶΪġǲ֪ǣǼ׵˳֣âͻˡ
תʱҶоһĿ⣬ʼעԼڤһĺڤһЦϣ㲻ҪǵңĻҲ
һһһģһʨפ
׵˽ʱٵĿͶ
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Щ˵ķӦУ׼׵˵λ硣
ʨ׼߲ģʮˣˣ඼׿һҶȻҶһֱƽȻû˵һֱҶǿεġ
ǵ߲̽㣬ͽ׵ĻޣĴڣͨȺӣǸҲ᲻ݣûбֶΣûǲҪȥڤҶ߾˵
лģ㻹Ƕ࿼ǿԼɡҶƳһۺڤ̲˵ԺڤûʲôøУܾúڤԼĿеݣһ
ڤ⡣һǸȻһЦݣЦʱΧһжȻʧɫһѩһ㴿Ůӡ
û¡Ҷ΢΢ͷ
Ҷϲأ͵úб²УǵУͺڤ磬ɶϲġһԷ۵СŮҶص
ҶĻҶЩʧЦֲּһϲһˣҶСŮͦȤģҶ٩ҶСʵϲĲ㣬ô죬᲻ң
ҶĻȻʧЦ
Ҷһ˫ɫҶϰ죬ȻһֻСӨ׵С°ͣΪصȻûôӢǿϸ񣬵֤б²УҪܴͺڤ磬ҾʹӦİ¡
Ҷ΢΢һ㵣Ҷһӣһᵽˣ޵ԸǲͬģҪͨСŮǱҶ٩϶ߵòˣҶһҲûкߣɷнµӣò˵Ҷȷʵ÷ǳɰ֮ҲһһŮҶڶһʮСŮȤ
ҶҡͷЦˣ㳤ҹƶѾϵòˡ޵ʮ꣬൱һѡ
ҶС죬Ĵ۵Ҷһۣ϶ǽڣ϶ԼͺڤĶ֣Żô˵ġ
ǰɡҶЦŵ˵ͷ
һһ·ȥҶŲߡ
۹ɽ֪֪Ҷʵڻ̲סѯ
ţŵؿҶ֡
ţҶ΢΢ͷо֮䣬żΪĸ飬΢ôһЩȻ
ʵ
ڴһطܳҶֻͣġ
硣𼤶ѣֲһ׸硣óҶϵӦ÷ǳ
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ʨʮ֧Ⱥɣǧ֮ڣҲΨ˶ѣ
ҪΣǰ߲ˣ»вȼѾȥˣ׻ͷɤźܴƽ˵ͬһ㣬Щơ
ҶԶȥǰͷͨʨû뵽ôּˣͨʨǿֻҲϲ
ߣͨʨĵӰ𣬶ĸ֣ͨʨʣ
ЩҲڿն𣬳߲ȥ

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ಣһӰӶ𣬶ǧ֣ӽ߲ڡ
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Ҷǰһǽ߲㣬ػ谵Զ಻ɽ𣬲ʱл޵ĺԶߣƵͳһֲֿѹ
߲㣬ΣյϢҶоʮ̫ϾĻ̽ǡȺ˵ʵֵЩ޳֣ûҶ˵ĵ
߲֮ҪСĽŵף߲һЩصĻޣʱڵصף˴߹ʱ򣬲ʱð͵Ϯһѵ
ͨʨĴ£һһ·룬;ûƬ̵ͣ
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ҶħսƷĶѣ֪ʲôʱܴ롣
߲㣬ޱȣǱߵĿռִʮֹͨʨŴ˳ıԵһ·ӽСʱһƽ̹ĵ
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һСʱ·̣ͿԵִֻ޵ˣΪʲôͻȻԭˣɻ֣Զ޺ֻ֮ɽҰĻޣͬκһ㣬ӿ


346 СŮ㣡
ҵ죬ֻޣȻɫ䡣
һֱǳĺڤɫ֮Уһ˿⡣
״磬ʨ׼ô죿ѯؿףʵ
΢һ۾漴ۣȻɱעЭԼʨģطʱʨ硣
Щ޵ûģʨӦܶԸˡҶǼΪ򶨣ٶҲ޷Χɱһĸ֣ûбֶΡˣսЩһʱҲκβǡ
һǷ׷Դӭսˡ
Զȥֻʨŭһһֻ׵ľ޴ʨֻ޳ȥһƣأʮֻޱķ˳ȥһ
ֻ޴ʨһ·ɱȻֻ޵ĳȻң֮Щ޷׷ױɳȥ
ʨ޵У
ֻʨߵ޷׷׻Ϊ壬ֱһֻͨȼɫһͷͨڸ׵ľ󣬻һֻޱӴĴɽס
ſ³һųȵĻ棬˲佫ֻճɻҽ
Ǿʹɽƶıһ㣬˹ȥһ·ޱײɣһϢǱʹɽײУڲҽбѹ
γɵ˳˺ĵӣЩǰγһ̵ķߣӭսӿޡ
⡢â֣ʱޱնɱҲһЩĸ֣ĲҽУЩ˺顣
һҵĻս
ҪȥЩɱȻһüͷ׷ǣʮȫһɵǣ
תԱȥ
׷ȥҶԶһ£Ҳȥ
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ڤƺһֱζҶһ˲ҲˣñҡҲȥ
߲㵱УǵĻܵ˼ѹƣ޷ƽʱʮǱߵ޷û׷ʨĶ飬ԲŻɼš
ЩԶԶظǵĺ棬ֻû뵽׸ˡ
Ҷ֪ǣǼ׷Щ򣬶ͨʨ
ಣһӰӶȥٶȼ졣
ԶӰƺǷ˼׵ˣ׷׼ݡ
Ҷһ۾Ϳʮ˵УȻâʵˡ
ͷߣʮһ飬ͬķȥ
һüͷͷһˣǷͷ׷ҶҶһ𡣡ڼ׿ҶʵԵɱ֡
ҲŲҪһءҶ죬Щ޷޵صһ̧ͷ׵ӳȥ֮⡣
ҶҶε̯̯֣ν߲㣬ֻ뿴߲ôģ̵ܲ㶫ΣգҲԽӡ
߰ɡҶߺߵصֲҶܡ
ಣҶҶһ𣬳Щݵķ׷ȥ
Ƭ谵統Уûκֲһ𣬲ʱؿԿһЩ޵ӰһӶҶҶһ·׷ȥǰӰâʶˡ
Զݵâʶ˺Ȼ̧ͣͷҶҶ߿˹¶ɫ
û뵽㣬ؿû˾ȵˣâɭɭؿҶҪǹүͷү㲻ֻϵһΪ
ҵҪҪôҵΪҶڵϣյӣҶҲ
߾ȻһŮС޸ǳȥصһԧɡâ˫ֳצһݺ֡
˭һԧ죬ˣҶâĻ߳һеĳޣһ޳â˹ȥ
âͺһ첲ֵžһһӳâֱϣֻâϵ·ѿ¶ĺڽ𻤱ۣŭسƤץȥ
ҶһգֻƤһһ㣬˳ȥâֱϵĺڽ𻤱ۣɫ΢һ
ȻֻһʮСŮЩʵġ
âɫ͸׳СɽһҶҶѹ˹
һȥԸҶƤǰһ
áҶ˼âʣ治ֵ֡
Ҷû뵽ҶˣŭصһҶȵǲˣ˰
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ҲҪæҶСýģһƤ޳âʶɨȥƤ޼ˡᡱһ˸Ƿޱȡ
СŮһģʵ˵ɱǴһ
ಣâʶ˻ӰҶ
Ҷｿ߳һƤ޻ӵžžֱ죬ڿ˵Ӱ
ʨү˭ӮҶʵΪҲڶѣս鲻ǶôḻһʱҲķռš
ӦǸС椰ɣô˵ҲǲѪͳӦûһЩطСʨүЦЦӮҲǺ
Ҷ΢΢ͷȻСŮӮǾûˣվתžȻվţ
ʱƣҶ･ռϷ磬ͺһ
طٳǣ
Χȼһž޴棬ҶâʰΧУͬ߷裬ò׳ۡ
طһâʶ˶ʱڽڰˣʱ߳ǳǲòӦԣžžžҶ˺üӡ
СŮȻֻʮ꣬ĺûȻܽѹƵ̶ֳȡҶĵ͡
ʱֻԶಣӰ߷ӶҲˣ
Ҷüë΢ҶﺰιСŮǵˣط˶ˣ
Ͳȵֵס𣿡ҶＱƤ޲ϻս֣ѹѾˣƻһϲֳܷʤҶʱͻȻ˵Ԯ
֣Ҷ㲻ҿҪˣѹ׼ܣһԼĺܶණ¶
㡭ǲˣҶ˶ţ첻صߣ
ҶȻʮӣҲżгս֪ʱ򲻸һɡ
ߣûôףâһȻϵˣԮѵƬ̾ʤȻ׷ǡ
СŮ㣡ҶףȥǱߵϾˣʱ߶߲ҶóۿռһâȥõҲڶѡ
ڣҶһ£ղһֱûиӦҶΪΪҶǸԼһĸ֣ҶһʩչŸоԭҶڶѣ
ڣҲâݵЦצӣһצҶ


347 ˣ
ҶϽ۵ֵеһ䡣
âצϾҪҶˣҶＱеСģ
ǵצһЩƷ鱦Ҫǿö࣬һצԽҶİҶｹػҪԮʸסˣ޷ʩȣòУȻҶ죬ĵǲԸҶôġ
أâһצ£ȻҶ۸
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ҶȻûвƷ׸ߣնɱһֻǴ´ġ
âˣ
ʻҶ޷Լ۾һ𶥷֣Ȼһ֮ڣһ
ҶôҲ벻ףֻΪôףҪʵûʵҪƷûƷļһȻһоնɱâһǴ
âתҪӣҶһƤ޾˲ϣۡһѪ쭷ɣһԴ
һĻҶӣС̫ˣǡ
ߣҶҶһ಻ӰʧԶЩԶԶ˦˺档
ղôģҶգĴۣؿҶ
ԭʦĸҲҶӣۣЦǼһΪԼлۣͺ˲ҲлۣĸãҵĻۻ𣡡Ҷһȭӳһòֺӡ
Ҷ﷭˸ۣǸ߿ҶˣҶܹɵâֻˡǱҶĻ۴˸ֲһֻʦǣôױɵ
ô˵Ҷղûתӣǻͷ㻹ֵÿ϶ģȻĻ϶Ҷ
߰ɡȻҶֻڵΪҶҲû˿Ҷ˵
ҶҶĺ棬һ·Ӷȥ
ҶСӣװɵı²ʨүӡЦ˵
ҶһЦʨүҲͷ꣬ʨү̽һ£߲㣬ûʲô
İɣһֱ̽顣
Ҷ߲㣬в̫ϾĻްɣ
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ʨүĻҶһʮֻ̫ϾĻޣȻһЩģҵ졣
֮ʣʨүͻȻһ٣صҶСӣ߿
ҶʨүĻ߿ȥԶĺڰ֮УƺһϹȻǵϹݼţȴȻҶ۾׽ˣҶСʲôû֣һ·Զӡ
ҶСŮߣϵҶ˵
ҶҶĻü΢Ҫʲôһڣ˷־ˣޣҲҪͷûǸҡ
Ҫȥ㡣ҶŶӣЩεЦ
㡭ҶС΢죬һ֣ƽʱֻҪһöҩӣҩĲ٣һ²Ҳû£ҶȻҪڹ۷㣬ʺ࣡Ҷߺߵؾ˾죬㡣
㲻͵ҰɣҶЩĵӣĿɨɨҶ
˭Ҫ͵㣡ˣҶһץӣȻСϲԳơ̡
͵ͺáҶٺһЦವһߴȥ
ҶֱҪݺݵرҶһˣҶʱװøƵģû뵽ڵΪڽɱâ֮ʱַָˮھȻԼ͵㣬ֱһĳ嶯ˡԼôҲһŮȻôţ׷ԼˣҲһǳأԼõ͵Ҷ㣿
Ҷǧ֮󣬳·ȥһ·жʮֻأǵϹƺǴӵصðġ
Щ޷Ҷ֮Ҫ̧ͷ˻ֻҶϣһâڻƾճ֣һƬȥ
£Ƕʮֻ˲仯Ϊɻҡ
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ʨүҲħս׼ǾƷģϧǵİƷħսײһסҶЩź˵
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ȻҶЩ˷ܣһѪǶԾƷħս׻ϣֻħսʧԺ֮Уֶһħս׻ȵӰ񣬡öѾħսˣ
뵽˾Ʒħսװ飬ʼǿ߲صҹ֮£ȻֲܱܣҶĲҪԼһװƷħսףǿߣҲܣ
ҶãЩƣҶôôûתתʵ̲סҶȥķ͵͵һۣƺһ˿⣬е㵣Ҷ᲻⣬뽫ȥ̽˻ߺߵţԼĻȥҶоԼ͵
Ҷȥôãɣ
ʮٲҾ͹ȥˣҶԭسһ£޺޵ȻܻᶪӣܱȲһҪҶȻᣬҲ̫
׼ʱԶһӰӶ
߰ɡҶЦص
ҶЦҶСȭͷҶ̫ǷˣСһһԶȥ
ҶҲϽȥ
ܿأǷּס塢ϱ߷ӡ
ҶҶҲ׷ȥ
˻۵һ
״磬ڤأҶɻʵ
û档ҡͷܻ׷ˣ
׼ȥģҶʵ
ǰ淢ʮˣһǸɵ׵Ƿӵٶȼ죬һ㡣
ӵʱҲǽ棬һˣҶ΢΢һЦпܾǰɩˡ
ҶСӣǱˣʨүӡﴫ
ˣҶüë΢ȴûзκΣգʨүΪǶȻġ
ȵȣҶס׵ˡ
ҶסŲͻȻͣס
׵ҶĺҲ׷ͣ£ɻؿҶ
ôˣʲô飿ɻʵ
ѯؿҶҶ壬ЩɻĪӡ
ʨĴ󲿶ӶԶˣҶ΢Цſ׵ʵ
ʮ׵֪ҶͻȻ仰к⣿


348 ز¶
ʮذǱ˽ɱܲȥҶһ˵ţһʶѯʨү
ҶֵܹˣǱ˽ɱʨƬ̼䣬֪ǵڣǲµġһЦͨʨžԵġ
ɱǵģ֣һأ
ҶĻɫһ䣬ǾͱɣʨҲǣߣ
ҲΪϳɣ˲׹Ǳ߿һ֣أҶһǾԲðգ
ಣ˸Ͻ۷󲿶ӷӶȥ
Զ֮УУʨһеٮٮߣֻһ߾ͻˣпһʨѡܽ׽ɱʨһ
̧ͷԶΪ˱ⱻʨͼ׷֣˻ΧϢķֻȼ׵˵ȻͻȻһɱʱʨû̽Ԯ
ۿż׵˾Ҫ֮ˣû뵽׵ͻȻͣ˵˼仰֮Ȼͷܡ
⼸ֻƻС꣬Ȼ˾ŭѣٳƬֻ̣¼׵˾ԶҲ׷ˡ
ಡһĻ͸֮һֻ޴ɫǣԼٶȳ׵ȥ
ɫǳֵɲǣɫ䣬û뵽ȻҶ˵һǰǼǰһξ룬Ļᶼûˡ
ɫǣԷӦ֮һˣ
ҶҲǾؿһҶȻҶΪ΢û뵽ģȻܹһʱ䷢
Ϣ˶оһǿѹ
һ֣ȫѹǣ
ʨϾͻ֪ס׼ವһ͸һ
ҶҲԶʩչһеţ̤֮УʨδֻޣںһһѾ޽ֻɫǺȥ
ǻ֮ĶԾ
Ҷ̧ͷȥ֪˿ò׵һ֮һ֣ζʵ¶
ҶСӣ㲻سˣҿûм룬ֻҪסһСʨͷͨСʨӣͿԷˡʨү˵
Զɽ֮е֮ţһСҲϷ棬Ϸʰǣ
ֻֻ޴ɫǵͺһצȥ
أǵĻɫǻ˳ȥֻһУ׵ȫѪɫǻצ׵˵ı壬һ̼ױҪɱצ¡
ͻȻ֮䣬ɫǵǰ棬һֻ޴ʨһ죬ֻײһǱѵľ죬ͬƽؾһ㡣
ɫ˳ȥһξ룬ͨʨĻŭؿһۼ׵ˣವһƾʧ
׵ؿڣԵĻ˻ǻܴˡ
ǻɡͨʨɨһҶ΢Щɻ˲֪˭ô׵һ𣬲ҶֻڵʵҲû˵ʲôವһջء
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ҶĻȻѾڵʵˣͨʨѷɫ̫ˡ
ǱѣһӣҶҲȥ
ҶζлҶˣѣ˺ܿѾˡ
лл׵˿Ҷϵص
ҶҶܲðСҲ˵лл
ˡҶһЦû˵ʲô
˷֮ʣһɫӰӶǺڤҲΪǱҼһЩˣ˼׵˵ĺ档
ҸղŸоǿĻײʲô飿ڤʵҼ˿ڻµѪ
Ǳҿʨʱ֣Ѿˡ˵ղĶײֳһĨȣǾһҪﵽľ磡ڽٺȴûκξ£ǿߣǲӦþģ
ڤһҿû£Ҹղ֣Ҳ㱻ɱɱˣֶܵˡ
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ʨүղСڸʲôҶʵͷ꣬Ը֪ղźڤ
ȷʵǱָΧˣɱܾе㲻ԾСӻʵֳʵҪѷɫ֣е׽ӣʵϣʵ֮ҲֻһѣȫǿԽָնɱģʨү˵
Ǳߣûа磿ҶʵҪʨүǿ֪׵˶ˣΪʲôڤȴƫƫûг֣
⵹ǿĳЩط磬Ѳʨүҵ¾ͨСʨӣҲʵΨʨүܹó
ͨʨҲڤʵ
СӾйҶԿóǼס壬СŮ˶ΪϣΨڤģԼҲеӡ
ҵҪˣʲôҶһ
Ϊλᱻ᲻¶ǵ٣ڤĿһҶָص
ڤ磬ԩҶˣղҶѣǿѾȫˡҶﲻ޵Ҷ⣬ڤôһɱˡ
𣿡ڤؿ׵ˣҶΪƺ˵ģôķģ
׵ҲͷϾոҶǣڤһҶ΢Щ졣
ҴˣʮֱǸڤʮϵӡ
ڤĻϵı飬ԻһЩ
ֻﻹһЩɻΪ״绹壬ҶΪʲôܹ֮ǰڤЩɻ˵
ҶЩŭСӻ治ŹκλԼúˮЩʲôͼѵֻǶԼôһЩ⣿
⣬׵Ҳʮֺ棬ҶͻȻǽסֱ׵˵ǷҶôֵģԲʮﷶΧ֮ڣ֣ʨ϶ܹǰ֣϶ĳطŶʨ׷飬Ǿ£Ҷȷ̫ˣĪҶһز¶ĸ֣
ҶʲôΣյģҶҶ˵


349 ս
ΪҶᵽҶһֱֽΡ
ҲҶͷȻҶ˿е㲻ףҶӦòǱоġ
Ҳš׵ͷҲûлɹҶ
Ҳʾ˶ҶΡ
⼸ˣΪ˶ǲģҶ롣
ڤû뵽Ҷô͵õ˵ΣɫЩҲֻǺѡ
Ҷһ￪ʼڤҶеӣȻҲɻΪʲôղźڤûг֣ҲûжԺڤκεĻɣϾⷽԲʮﷶΧ֮ڣܱʨĻ̽鵽ڤǱߵһ𲼾ַɱǣʨӦѾ֪ˡ
ܺڤҶֻĴѣмôһЩᡣ
ǻȥɡײ⸽ôˣʨ󲿶ӷӶȥ
ʨ󲿶ӷսѾβĴһ¾ʨʰսƷȻһսʨ˽ǣս˵൱ġ
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ҶԭҪܾ룬ȥʨҲûʲôͷðɡ
׵ƺǰҶֵܣڤ΢Щʹ죬ݺݵؿһҶıӰٿӰˮ֪Щʲô
Ҷڼ׵˵ĺ棬ǰȥ
һƬƽϣĴϥͨʨף̧ͷ͸ߴľϣ׵ˣֿҶͳصǻˡ
ǵģ常׹
ͨʨǼ׵常ѹ˵ĳмơ
ͨʨ֮⣬ĿͬʱҶϣҶʱеһѹ
Ҫ̽̽Լʵ
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ǱϾǳߣҶҲֻ̽һ¶ѣѹݼţ˻
үүҶؽһһλȥЦλߵߡ
λҶЦЦ
챾ʧߣǱɱΪ˽ɱʨǲֶΣͨʨЩŭصʨ֮ѾãʨʮλڸĶԾǱߣҲ˶ʮ˳𲻹졣
ʨĻԱһǣһѪ죬ǳޡ
ǱߺѾ֪ǷԼħսףһֱԶԶظں棬ǱҵĻ̽ǲòʱĿ꣬ӭͷʹλһֱ׷ͨ죬ҪȥͨԲλѣپϡͨʨ˵Ķ
ʨҲʨ֮ˣܹʨĶݣԭΪʨЧ޶Сʨˡһǿ˵
޷ͨףλ뿪ʱСģñɱͨʨ˵
½ʮǿһ뿪ʨӪʣٶˡ
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𽹼س˳Ҷ½ǣҶȻȻҶΪκ¹
ͨʨĿҶϣҶûκη壬ֱͨʨ
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ס˶΢в죬ǲ֪λ߸ղ̽ҶˣΪμλҶȻ֮ߵۣҶҲգգۣһΪؿҶ
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ɣΪʨ棬ͨѪսףͨʨ졣
ʲôˣʨүӡ˵ȷҪʨʨߵʵǱ߲̫ˡ
жˣҶʵ
ʮһǧ
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бȭģʮһĸطϢģͨʨҲû̽ʨҪˣ֪ͨСʨû֡ʨү
ʨүͬʨһģ㲻׼𣿡
ⶫ½ʨӣҲֻʨһʨүֲѵ幤ʨүʼ磬οʨүְﲻʲôæ
Ӻ󷽰ʨߣҲ˷ս˫Ȼûж֣ͨʨĻǸλĻʼҵؽ
Ǳ߷ֳһ֣ʨҲֳһ֣˫мʼ˼ҵĲɱ
ֻ֮УǱӰշӶ
ʨߣͨʨҲշѶ
ͨ죬ڣһʨѪкâ֣ԵѪײУеǿ񵶷ĺ⡣
ѪǣʨҲһˣ쾿˭Ц󣬻˵ҵҪǲͣͨʨȻһЦɫ裬ƾճһ񴸡
еĻҩζȻŨ
Ҷû뵽Լؾⳡս֮У˫ǿսʵ޷Ӱս֣ǰĸаɩӣ׵ΪҲ㲻δ̫ϧ
ҶߵԱߣСصǱ߹ʮһʨ߿µֵסһҲش֣ȻῪս뿪ɡ
һ£ǱʮһôܣǱܹҲ߸ѣôʮһҶô֪ģҶĻĬƬ̵лҶֵĺ⣬ͨʨ࣬ɽèһѵʱҺͨʨȣ֮ʨԸΪʨսлʨ֪֮
ĻҶףҲƶ뿪ˣҶ˴Ҳ౨ǣϾǰĸ磬Ҷôؿս
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350 
սһ
˫ͷӣǿʼ˼ҵɱͨʨѪն·ʱǶԣǼҳ㷹
ͨ죬Ϊ˽죬ҿı˺ܾãǻؽλߣʮһʨĸѣһսҲͨ컹֮ѪЦţͨʨ
·Ӫ֮Уַɳ˵Ӱȫǿߡ
ϿյʨλҲշ𣬻ͨʨңǰ濴ȥɫ
Ǳߣ߸Żսһսģ۷嶼Ѿ֮ͣãΪ񣬸ЩûõԱģһԶû⣬ǣǱ߶ĸǴģһ۾˳
һҷ⣬ǲһ壬ҲʨΪУͨʨŭһضһˡ
Щ֮Уһ˱ͨʨĿ⿴ЩηӣʵԣǲһȻʨĶ֣ΨһһŸո۷ѡ
ͨ죬㲻ˣˣ֮ʨҷ𣬻ʲôŻˣѪߺЦ
ѪĻҷһ˿
ͨʨɨһŭߵˮ̡һ庫ЫһһɳǺܺãǶ϶ʨȻôʨ꣬ױᱣգͨգǵڣȥͨԼ̣
ɳҷһۣн¶ɲɫʨգǶǶԣ֣֮
λҪƻǭ¿ˣֳǿն׼λŵÿһƷ鱦ػ֣ολѾλµʨѵͲµôⲢвǴȥλҲðɣһ˵
һۣݺһҧᶨˣΨƸۣ
λɱͨ죬زλѪ˵
ҵԸλ£ͬ˵
ѪЦͨʨͨ죬ʨ񴸣ҿ㲻
Ҳ̫ԼˣҼΪ΢ʨô̫˵㡣ʮһκεʨͨʨŭһΪҺ׼δҲ̫Сͨˣ
ͨʨĻЩǶЩɲͨʨȷ׼ƣ
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ͨ˵Ƕѣ첻ʨڣģͨʨȻһɺȻƣ͸
ѪͻȻ뵽ʲôͨʱ䡣
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ʨ꣬ۻľƸþݣֳʮһݣÿһ޷ȫֳ̰ĹâಣʮһӰͨˡ
λֵܣһסǣѾжĺ·һҪͷҰǻɱڴˣͨʨѪ˵
ʨаţ˰֣ĺ·
ѪһʨĻʧɫȻʨôһЩ飬ȻܵеʨΧϾôǴǿ϶ġ
ֻƣɱѪǿ񵶣һͨʨնȥ
ͨʨʨӭ
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ʨһǧɱһ𣬵⽣Ӱ䡣
ȫƣͶսҶҲֻܲս֪ͨʨ˵ģ¾ʨǲġҶͺһǸֳ˰˱ɵಣ˱ɵ⣬ǰ漤
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Ҷһ£ʵڲУֻܽ˴δˣʨүǱĻ𣿡
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Ҷ΢΢üͨʨҲûʲô̫İգղŵĻǹİˣӦҲû뵽Ȼʮһ
ʨ˼ҶԿЩ֮ʱǱһɳһֻ;޴𣬷Ӷ£ӼʨϿӹֻſһ˻˻ѪڣնǹЦţ·˵֮Դ󱥿ڸˣҪʨնɱһ
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Ϲ֣ݵò񣡡ʨʮֻ޷׷ͷųһǹȥ
סҶ塢Ҳͷų˻ں˽ȥ
һ˶ʮһ޵ĻҲ൱ǿġ
ө֮⣬ҲԣЦһվǵĻǻľ޴ſѪڣ͵һֻͬһһ㣬Щ
ã׵ɫ䣬׷Ҫ롣
Щ޿ܲǾ޴˽ȥ
ǵĻֻұøǿЦѣͬľͷһ㣬
׵˵ĻۿžҪ̽ˣһ̣Ǳش׸
ҵסǿߣѪ죬߶һԡ
״磬ҪҶſǻ󺰡
׼ʨĴط걬֮֮ǿԽ˵УǶҲһ˺ȫɥ򵱼
ףס֣󺰣ǻ걬֮ķ֮жǿ
̧ͷŹɳѾϣĻҲΪһƬɺ֮ɫЦһҼһԺ飬ǽʶЩֵܽãټ


351 
ǹҲо׻һЩ״ͻȻ뵽ʲôɫ䡣
ҶˣҲΪ֮תһǿϢ𣬵ͺһ춦
ֻҶһ춦Ƿ˳ȥͣתѸٵر󣬻׵ľ޶ƣ֮ڶĿ춦ȥƼ죬ײȥ
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Ǻ֮춦ԼײȻһһǼ걬ļףһ춦һܻľ޴Ҷ춦ײȥҪצӲ춦ҹ
ãҶ¶һ˿Ц춦һЩЧãҶǷǳģ춦мãһ춦룬춦ͷųǿҵĻ˿һ㲻ǿĻֱӱճɷɻҡ
Ҷúܣ춦ͽԼȼճɻҽԼԴԴϣɢϢ䣬ƻǵֵס
Դһγ춦֮Ҷ춦Ĺþ͸˽ˡ
һĻ춦ֻ֮춦ΧͻȻγһ޴УŹĻ
վĻ춦գҶһҵش߶춦
춦ϵĻȣֻֻ޴Ťͣر춦֮С
ʲôⲻܣҵĻزҽ춦Ļ治ͣŹĻ춦ĻԽԽ࣬ĻȫУǹǶߵķһ㣬ӿ׹䡣
գҶٿ춦ɵ·Ҳȫ춦֮У춦Ļ潫˽ȥ
ҶоĻ壬춦ϵؼҪȼճɻҽƺҪһʱ䡣
ҪķСʱܰɻҽ춦ǿ󣬶춦ҪĻ߶ģĻǿʨүӡд
գҶһ춦˻һСץ
Ҫʩչ걬֮ͻȻһĻһϽжϻ걬֮ջأۡ³һѪȻ걬֮жˣǼȻ⵽˷֮شôǼһ
ӪղһĻȫˣǹһĸ֣ȻֻڣҲǿޱȵĴڣһˣǿСҶ¶ľ⣬ղǿڶʲô
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֮ЩսеҲע⵽һĻðĺ⣬ǿڶʲôµ£ȻԽһУÿһ˶оӼֱ֮ð
Ѫһξ룬ԶԶضͨʨսһȵռƣĻǿ֮С
ڣǿڶʲôȻܽУѪо岻ѣһͨʨս֮ʱǿڶͻȻҲˣǾ̫ˡ
Ϲ춦רżԸ޵ģ޻м鵤ΪãＫΪԵûСʵ΢޷߶춦ȫԲؾ£ֻҪû춦ȰСӸ˾û£溮˵һҪ´޼ǿ֣֮
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ͨ죬ȻôҾͳȫ㣡Ѫŭ֣ѪԼУȻѪ쵶ͨʨ
춦֮УƺвʣͣҪѳ
ҳȥ״񣬲ͣسײ춦ڵĽơ
Ҷͣ߶춦ֹѣ춦ļ֮£زҽС
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ҶվﲻʱͻȻо͸һɱʨүҶСӣģ
ҶҪٻħףֻһӺ͸ءһ˷˳ȥҪλһ㣬ʱҶȻûֹͣ߶꣬ӲؽĻѹ춦֮С
ڤĳط͵Ϯٶȼ죬ʤʹҶһ
ҶڵϣشؿҪվȴ־أһ֮ڣվ̧ͷȥֻڤɭЦһسԼ
ڤΪʲôҪô׿ڤͻȻ͵ϮҶˣ֡
һ˿ҶڤˣҲǽ֣ҪȴֳסԭھѾشʱȫشơ
ΪʲôҪڤЦһһԶļףҺڤΪȫѷɫ㣬ʨҲӦгϵĺѡʸ񣬵ڤһ壬ʨһֱӣʨңҲһֱĴ䱸Ϊǰһʨɱڤһϣڤһԣ𣡡
Ƕǹȥ飬һֱҵֵܣʨҲķ˲ټƷҩ㣬Ȼ壿ǺڵصҶΣΪʨҶȻվ
ЩƷ鵤ҺڤӦõģ㲻ٶ˵ϻˣֵܣƨЩ˵УҲֻ嵱ֵܣûҺڤֵܣ֮ǰұѾˣֻһֱѪطǸ̽ˡôã콫ǵڣʨҲȲǡڤԶȥȴ¶һΣٹ죬ҵŮˣ
ڤĿҶϣɭЦǲǾúԩʵȫԲ˻ˮˣעҪڤ˵ţҶ춦ȴЩ䱸η壬ؿҶʱ׼ֽҶնɱǲǾúʹ࣬ѾϴڤһڤڤƬ֮ڸʴ壬սеһУȫΪһ̲ѪˮȻɱ㣬Ҳܿͻ
ҶƽؿźڤתڵЩǽڤڤڤȻȴȲҶǾЩɿкڤ
ΪʲôҴ־壬Ϳˣ֪ʲôζôڤǳһƷ鱦ĳƽҶҶƽı飬оһ˿


352 ֮
ڤƽҶ׵˶ֽ
Ҷ磬㣡Ҷｿ߳һȼܵɫ棬һƺ俪Լǰ֣Ҷ
ಣӹסҶ
Ǳߵ̫ˣʨߵҶ˸岻
˭ҲȲ㣡ڤݵصͻȻüмּУΪʲôڤûдЧ
ڤеͷһȴҶһЦΪôڤκεôΪʤȯգҵУϰˣʱȡ
ⲻܣʵڤһĶŽҩ򲻿ܽڤڤ״Ʒ鱦âǣа취ʱѹסҲɣһƣڱȻشҵҪôȡ
ȥɣڤĽâҶնȥ
ҶȻһЦȻνڤƬ̱ѾˣȻһƣһƵƾŵ˿ж˺ܶ࣬ܵ˲ء
ȻҪҳȫ㣡ҶһϵһâϿһֻ޴Ĳڻƾճ֡
ǲڻ˶һͨɫ裬Ŀںڤϣ˲ʱ䣬ڤ㽩ֵ̧ͷǲڻޱȵ۾Ī𺳣һޱߵĿ־ӡ
ƶֺѾڻ˵
׵ԭΪҶˣǵıʱͻȻתһֻ޴ȼźɫĲڻƾճ֣˼𺳡
ѵǴ˵еġڻˣãкȻ
ѵҶһ࣬ޣǴ˵еϹѪͳڻˣҶҲ˸żĹâоϵľ޴ѹȡ
ڻޱǿ񣡹ڲڻˣഫ˵κһڻ˵ĺᣬޱǿĴڣÿһźɫҶĲڻ˿ֻڵΪⲢǲڻ˵ʵÿһΣȻøǿ
û˻Ըǲڻ˵ĺᣬÿһڻ˵ĺᣬԺжĴм䣬طѾǺɫĻ棬뵽ǵ֮С
ĪҶࣿ
ǶΪֻڻҶĻȫû뵽Ҷ治ڻ˵һë
һǿϢӶΧЩȫȫӲ޷ǿ־̧ͷŲڻˡ
ǣҲ·Ĳڻˡ
ʨͨʨ𾪲죬ڻǸ߹Ѫͳȫ޷Ĵڡ
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ڤһӿ
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壬ߣɱҶһֻеĲڻſ³һ棬Ǻ˲佫ڤȫû
ڤҽжûзһͻ˷ɻҡ
ڻȶ򣬵Ӫ֮Уÿһ£ͻһҽ𣬵һ̲̲ڻҡǿڻ׷׾ɢǵٶȣȵùڻˣ
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Ҷ¾֮ʱ֮ͻȻһݵ֮ɫѪ׷£У밧̾
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Ҫܣֻֻءһը¶Ļ棬˲佫û
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ȼɫĻ棬ǷĲҽ֮зɱƾǷɵٿ죬ϵϻȴʼղƽϢ·Ҫȼճɻҽһ㡣
ŭһܱˮϵȥڣֻЩˮϵ˲仯Ϊ̣ϵ棬ȴȻûƽϢȥ
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үүҶţ廯һֻ񣬳Ϸȥɫ׹䡣
ҶϽһֻβ꣬ڿնסҶ
ƬƬɫë䣬ӯƮĻֻټҶĿ޺·ҲûƬ굱С
ҶվƺоÿһƬë֮У̺һ˿⣬·һֻ֣һƬëӯģȻڵһϻɢ
ҶÿһƬë̺һ˿
֮ȼճ˻ҽʣһǵѣÿµ֮
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ѪǣʨȻҲҪᣡͨʨ˻ƣߣ֮ʱƴʽ
ءʨǿ񵶵м
оͨʨͬھķѪҲð⣬ȻΧôãͨʨ񻪾۴ɽף;ƿݵľأһǣȻͨʨ񻪾۴ɽ׻ʩչЩµͬھط
ͨʨһʩչͬھطͨʨΪǽǷǳµġ


353 
ҶߣϤһ֮ԵѣǺͰĳģкøУǸղţͬھľȻȴģĴ
ࡢޡޣΪԼػĶȫϧһ
ߣΪػĶʨʨԱ˶ԣһƺȴһֽȻͬ塣
ҶҶҶһΪػҶңҶһԸ
Ҷʵ޷ϷȺ˵սǲڻˣЩֵսûо͵Ҷ޷ʨЩʲôҾͰǱһ˿Ѫɡ
ʨүҪȼǣӡռһãҶʨү
㾡ðɡʨүͷ
ҶڿնһӶӡռ䡣
ǽҶżסҶȵ
סҶΪҶûзವһ㱻Ҷսӡ棬סҶﷴĻҶ÷һЩۣסҶûҶ
ҲҶ˳ȥ
ҶҪʲôλսϧôߣ
ҲߣȻҲԲߣ۾Ѫ˿ȥ
ڻкâһֻԭҶһƽΣսӡ֮УȻ壬ҲȫҶΣȻͽӡռ档
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻͨʨϽţһ׾һ㣬ɵľʨɱһɹϢջɱ
·ǸоҶĿ⣬ֻͨʨҲҶ߿˹漴¶ˬѵЦݣ΢Ц֮УимҲвᣬƺڰҶϼ׵ˣҲһִݸĵ
ֻһۣҶһͨʨһ̵ЦݣжͨʨǾ⡣
˭ӢۣҶ૵˵ţͨʨ֮
ͨʨʵȫ뿪Ȼɽ𣬿ˣ¶Ҫսˣͨʨѡ˸һ𿶿
˼𣬲ϹҶȻףһ顣
ҶСӣߣʨү
Ҷؿһ·һ㣬֮еͨʨԸоͨʨ궼ȼգƺΪĳط׼ˡ
ˣʨҶһҧȥͷĲڻȴûиϣҶĲٿ³һȥһˡҶսȭͷӿĲʺΡ
һս֮ʨܲڣҷ𣬵ҲȻ˸صĴۡ
ء񻪾۴ɽױ˳ȥôΧںľʣµһ˿ǵޣǽһǿ۾еͨʨȴЦˣЦ˿
Ƿ·صǸʱ̣ͨʨǻģǱֵܣ빲棡
ˣͨ磬Ըټֵܣ
нƬһƬ֮С
ͨʨеһֽɫ̫
߲Щ̫ϾĻޣƺˣǸܵ߿ֲȵȫѡԶԶ뿪
һ۷ȼ֮
һɱ죡Ѫǿ񵶣ͨʨȥ
Ѫɽ⣬ɫ䡣
ߣͷ񱼶ȥֻǱѪؽģΪԣΪǾԲܵġѾˣǲصޡ
ЩȻ壬ͨʨ
ĸ֮
Ҷͷȥɽ⣬Ӱȫˡ
ǽ⼴֮ʣֻа˵Ӱɿ
ʨ֣ͣס֣һ˴ǰ˵ӰǸϹ¸֣ǿߡǿߡ
ǽھ˷ȼ֮Ѿ˱ıԵͨʨֳʨ񴸣ȻʨʱѹطֻҪһطᱬĴҲٰȻͨʨҲǱ
ʨүͨʨôˣҶʵоǻȼƺͣ
Сʨסطʱͷšʨү΢΢üµ˳ˣ̸ڣ¹Ҳʨʹ˻𣬲ʨ𣬶ǶһЩӰ죬ִһֱͲøɱ
ѪоǹɼҲηش˳к²ѣͨʨͷųطʨˣҲù
λ֮ս˽Σһ׵˵ͨʨǸȻͨʨʮֱǸûسŵǰս֮УλһЩԨԴ²սʲôľ棬ԲԸ⿴ġ
ͨʨû˵Ȼ˿Ϊô¶ʧԼˣ²λϵ⣬еһЩͻȻλս
˭ܺ޿ɺǡ
λǽʹȥΣԸЭϣλҪ׷ɱͨʨˣȻݣλµ˵
ѪصһЩǸղĸսսļݣĺݻʨһսһҲˣԪ
ʨܾˣһ˵޺˫ͬھͲµˣϾʨҲѣҲܰǵֵһִԼѹ
λսȥͨʨطҲֲúȥʹաµֵ
ǺãһսʹգѪһ
ʹգѵܣͰˣ첻ݣͨʨǼ񱩵ִһѾҪЩͬھˣȻֲһʨһɶʨ£󱲣ǧڿ
ͨ죬һѵûʧôѪŭͨʨطļɵͷȱܹͷͨʨջط֮ɱ٣
ͨʨҪΪ󱲶ǣһףвܼ̳ʨ֮λʨô࣬ǿ»ῪʼɱʨȺʱʨǧֻҪһ֮֡µĸȰ˵
ͨʨ飬΢΢һ˿ɶףŲ
ҶշӣವһǵʨߣΧ˽֮С


354 ʨǰ
ͨʨжطȻˣʱŹڴ±ͨʨŲôɣԼ˵Զǲȫġ
ʨɽڣûաҶͨʨͨʨҲһӢۣǼֻͬھֵ̫ˡ
ȥطضˣʱȻڣ׷ɱǣҲ޷ѣˣȥɣ޹ءͨʨҡͷޱϲ
һɫò
ѪĿĵҶϣҶղڻˣɼҲһڸ֣֪ʨʲôˡ֣֮±ȻܾˣȻطѣͨʨطǿģôһ񣬽ʵδһӣҲù
Ǹµĸֵֹ֮ڴģһᱣʨȻʨصʨΣ˿ֿ˿ͨʨһЩƽϡ
¸ղΥԼͨʨѲ£ὫԼϣ
ʱҶ̧ͷͨʨϻ֪ʨԸԸң
ͨʨҶеϻһ£һ˿죬΢΢ףϻ𣬷ϻʨһĻ档ĪҶ֮λϻʨĺ᣿
ҶһеĻʱವһ񻪾۴ɽ߷ȥʱĹâ£񻪾۴ɽƾʧһץʱץ
ʨߣҶһͨʨûпܣವһӡ֮У廯һ⳯Զӣ˵Ҫʨ鷳λסһСʱʨһ´Ϊϣ
ߣûôףѪӶҪ׷Ҷ
ʱֻξһ׹ֵĴ󽣣Ѫȥ·֮ϡ
ಣ˸ӰѪȫס
γͣλҪ׷ɱʨˣλݣɫһһҪϮɱʨ¾ͲòˣϾʨµѡ
εָʾ£µѸٵ£ʨಿʨʧأֻʣٶ֡
ѪһֻۿҶӰԶȥĿⲻͣرáҶû߲ĳڷܣǽ߲Ȼлᣡ
ʨջطȻˣǲȥһҲûлˡ
֪СӵĺɫӵʲôȻԽС
һûжԽɫ
Ѫ뵽ǿ֮УڣǺɫӵʲô
ӦҲһƬ̵ǻʱ飬ǻʱ棬ӡһޱĴħͷһû֮ǰǴħͷѾݺ¡߳ƵĴˡ
Ǿ͸ܷŹͨˣһͨǸħͷѧħ͸Իɱˡ
ħѧġ浭ص
ѪУ˸һ˿⣬ȻǺɫһǶҪ£ӵ֮ʱͲòһˡ
γԶһۣ΢΢֪ǸǷףȻǸҪǲסһСʱⲢʲôѵ飬ˣڽӦô죬Ǿˡ
εĿɨ·Ƕٶ֣ҲһɲСҲֻٶֶѡ
һСʱҶѾӳȥԶоѪĻһֱ׷Լ΢΢һƲವһӡռ֮Уʧ
Ѫ΢΢üĻȻѾ̽鲻Ҷˡ
һڸһۣ΢΢ͷ
οѪȵλĳˣλ
Ѫȷ׷ߣŴӶȥĸҶķ׷Ӷȥ
οµһλʵǷܴʨѣ
ҡҡͷѾʧˣҵĻҲ׷ٲĳЩط׷
΢΢ͷ˼ʨգʨҲԪˣʨ޷գ¹ƾͻձʨˣ¶ԣܹ޺
ҶʧĵطǻܣǲҶӰ
λô죿
ѪһѣѵĵطȻܷŹͨ죬ɱ⣡ط֮󣬻Ȼ⼸֮ڶָʵһֶ磡
һĴ
ӡռ֮Уӡռ䣬ǿ²˵ģôҲûԵӵ
ʨǿž񣬻ܡ
常
ʨ
׵˷׷׹أۿᣬΪҲʨˣû뵽ҶȻʨҲ˽ǶҶǸмʱ˿̣ҶȥҲȻһüͷ
ͨʨȻ̾һһΣǿǱʨ㸲
ʨʵû䣬ǧ֮һֱûгֺ󱲸ֻ֣ܿǼϼһǿţ߲㣬Ҳ֮٣ҪѰһЩͻƣû뵽ս
ƴȻֲúȥû뵽Ȼ˷Ҫʨء
ˣʨһְĪıˣԭǴͬھģû뵽ֳһЩתǾȻһ˸ˡ
ͨʨҪѯҶȴȻԶһֻ;޴ȫȼɫľʨֻʨߣһֻСĸʨⶼҪˣؼֻʨɫ棬Ǵ˵еϻʨ
ϻʨϣоһɿµϢϢĻеս
ΡΡ˹ȥʮֹعֵʨһ壬ǰ
ʨĻ׵˽Զ̧ͷ׷׹˵ǰ
ˡʨү˰צӣһͷӣɨͨʨͨ죬ʨʨô۷ʵȻֻǵΪ˶ԸֻǣȻʩչʨĽ컪طǶʨӣʨѾ㲻ô
ʨүĻͨʨչ̣ѡ
󱲸ʨ嶪ˡͨʨͷʨүǰǫԸоʨүһλԶŴܼĴڡӦĳһĿռ䣬λǰȥĻݵţִҲǡ
ûô˵ĺ󱲣ʨү˯ȥˣǴˣ͹ȥɣʨүޡʨүӻצӣſȥ׼˯ˡ
ͨʨЦ˿һԵҶҶҲϻ²ҶλϻʨĺᣬҪҶæ˵û
ͨʨߵһںҲǿóǰֻȼϻľʨӦʨĳλǰû뵽λǰôʨӣҲò졣


355 Ʒħս
ʨүߵСĸʨеȴˣȻʨүôãʨүİǳ֮ʯϵǳ֮Ѿӵʦʦ磬ò˶þܴﵽʦˣǶģͨʨ°
ǰÿʨĴ֮ʱֻԶԶؿһͨʨϵѹһľη
û뵽ͨʨ£ķǰ㹧
Ҷ֪ʨүƢԣǳʨүʨʨ壬ʨĺᣬʨôѹţʨ˵ܶǣʨү㴫ǼطǻȥǣҲ׬
ʨү۾̧۵һҶߺطԣǳ֮ʯǶȻģʨүǼ׹طܲͿԼ컯ˡ
˵꣬ʨүһӣֻе𣬷ɽͨʨ˵塣ͨʨסˣÿ˶˼ƪطʨүôãղصĹطǸǵģȻЩطǸѧģĹطȽ١
ͨʨ΢΢һ٣оԺǸֳһ䷨
ʨĿʨƷͨʨдϲʨʨʧĳʨõĹҲǰƷĶѣ滹оƷƷ֮ϲǵƷһƪʨò˶ãӿֳ֣ҲͻƵ˹еҩĻ֮ڣԻָս
طնʨӰ⡭ͨʨ鿴Ժеһƪƪطѣÿһƪطʧ˺ܾõطÿһȽ컪Ҫǿᣬ컪Ǹ߼طѣЩطط
лǰͨʨϽصôطȻҪһʱղɹһǶǾԵĺɨ
ǿط
׵ҲǷ׷׹лҲǾκˣλǰǵĹطҲǳ˲á
ͨʨƺʨϣ
ˣǵģʨү˯ҪǳȥҲܸκˣʨүϻʨ
ǣһǣͨʨ˸ϽЦλǰʨڼĴڣλڣô
ͨʨ˸мؿһҶҶǾǣȻһ仰ָǴôĺôʨǴ
ҶֵܣʹʨĪҲӣͨʨ˵һޣ֮󣬳Ҳ޷׸ı䣬ȻҶʲô취ıòͨʨȷǰˣǵ֮Ҷ
ҶһЦʨˡ
ͨʨصҶֵܶʨ֮ˡ
׵ƽ۽˵ʨҵǰҶ˵ǰֳⱲֲҡ
Ǹ۽ЩСڡͨʨڰֵ
Ҷ룬ҲͲˡ
סȻҶƽ۽ǶҶ̬ȣȴ֮ǰôˣ֪ҶǲλϻʨǰĺᣬϻʨʨԶʱ߹Ѫͳ֮һð
С̫ˡҶҶ˵
Ҷ뵽Լүү
⼸λɣĴѰλټǳȥ»ǳΣաҶ
Ǿ߶ˡͨʨ˷׷׵
ҶԭţԼôǳ֮ʯ͸ͨʨһһҲûʲôͨʨ˵ʲôҲգΪղʨү˵ˣǳ֮ʯǾԲģĻҪοҶǣְǴϻʨǰ˳ԼôطǴǶԱˣĻҶǳ֮ʯ
˴ӡ֮УڽҴʨү˯
ҶֵܣλϻʨǰûʲôãʨҲıһ⡣ͨʨСѯҶ
Ҷ룬һصСĸʨ
СĸʨҶĻͨʨɫЩŹ֣֮˵ͷˡ
飬ҶҲ˵ֻͨʨԼȥˡʨһʨܶĸʨƺϡƽ飬ҶҲⷽ˵ʲô
ɨһ춦춦ѹ֮£ǹѾһϢˣ춦Ļͣشȼգò˶ãǹữһö
ҶͨʨĿУ֪һħս׵λã͵컻طĻòһ˵ģȻವһӡ
⸽һħսףʨүõҶϻʨ˵
ʨүʨү
Ҷͨʨ˵ķȥ˵Ǹһֻ޳ûҶʵ»ǶԸˣ߲ޣ漸ǿ˲֪٣Ӧò൱۷弶ĴڣҶֻڶѡ
ڰգԶ
Ҷ߲ռ֮̽ʱһЩ֣ҶòСĶܡ
ι˭ôεǳ˲Զ·
¹ȵˣС󲿶ɢˡҶװսսص
ܿ죬һĻӶ
ѪģСӣעһ㡣ʨү
סҶͷѽױ¶ݵĶȫװ˻ۿռ֮УһͷϢ˳࣬Ѫϳ
ǵ鿴һҶǸˣ֮ǰǸꡣ¹Ҳһɼ߸߲֮УոԪûҪ¹Ƚ
ǵһ·Ҷ߰ɡ
ҶװҵӣವһӶȥ
Сǰǻ޾ۼĵطôȥֱѰ·
ԼҪȥҲ͹ֲˡ
˵ţȥ
Ҷоǹɻһֱ׷Լ˻ȥѪôҲ벻ͨͨ˾Ҷ
߲˰СʱԶɽ֮Уһֻ޴Ļ޳֮ڣֻһֻᣬϳ͸ĵĺ⡣
ѾӦħսˣħսףƷģϣǾļħսˣļħսȻ޷ȫλ֣ͬӦÿԷӲСˡʨүһЦ
ǣҸõǼħսҶüʵ޵Ķ֡
Сӣѵˣⲻʨүôӡһֽƣʨүʨү˵
ҲУҶ΢΢һ㶣ǻ޻ᱻʨүߣǵʧΪһ취
޵ԲôߣҲûʲôǻۣʨүҵϢһֻĻӦûʲô⣬ԵִǷĶƻ᷵˶Ͻܡʨү
ʨүӡӡǲҲãҶȻһͷʵ
ǿã̫ˣ㲻֣ʨүһ£
һ뷨ˣʱʨүɡҶһЦ
Ǻãʼɡ


356 ӡɱ
Ҷƿӡһ˿ƣֻʨүϢӡ֮ӿһԶֻ޳ȥ
ò˵ʨүϢʮǿģȻʨүӡѹΪΪ۷壬ͬΪʨүϵ򣬻ǿޱȵͨ۷ܹģʼǿߣоһϢҲò˱ᡣ
ǹֻ޶ʱܵ˾ţܾһ㣬ವһԶɱȥ
춯֣
ҶಡһǳԶȥƯھһϹ⣬Ҫҵħս
ӰӹҶһǵϹ
ˣҶ˷ܵص
ֻԶֻʨүϢߵĻޣǷҶʱŭǲʨүϢвӲ۷ҶⳤͬһĻޣ˶ȫɫϢƣϢ֮УǴǿҵĸʴ֮
ߣҶϣԶӶȥһ·񱼡
ֻٶȼ죬һֱ׷Ҷ
ҶСӣٶ̫ˣһٶȵطʨү˵
Ҷһ߿񱼣ۿűֻԽ׷Խһ߻ʨүķһҪѪĳ嶯
ʨүûʲôطԽң
طܶ඼Ǹѧģûʲôط
ҶֻֻܶԶԶˣǰ࣬ǿҶһ·һֻ;޴Ļޣжʱ¶ֻ֮̿ɫ
ǸղҶֻǡ
λҶߺǳȥ
ֻǴУغˣǵٶƺûҶ죬ܿͱҶ׷ˡ
ֻֻ޺Х£Ҷವһӡռ֮С
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ֻϿһƺЩɻҶȥ޵ǻۣǲôס
ʱԶһѪģ
ܵɻĲֻ̽޷ŭವһлһâǵԴ֮׷ٶȥܿģֻʧʡ
ҵѽ̫ˣҿӡҶһӡռ䣬ûʲôط׾ͱҶˣˡԩģӦþֻˡ
ȥˣҶʵ
ѪѾ׷ȥˣСǲһǣѪƸѪˡֻ޾ԲǺǵģѪȻܸɵҲȻҪһЩۣοǸով˴սҲԪ𡣡ʨүЩֻص
һɣҪǸɵֻޣط˵ҪлءҶʼ磬ʨүңħս
ҡ
ʨү˵顢ʼǿߣô߲㣿Ҷʵ
㵱ǲҸо̫Ͼޣйԣǲ𼶵Ķ֣ʼǿ߽ǹƾҪˡ֮ǰʱͲض߲㣬ÿζǱ˻ȥ
ʨү֪
СƨȻô˵ҶĻʨүȻм⡣
ȻûӦҲûʲôɡ
߲ĳжʮֻ޳ûǿ߶⸽ûʱһӰȴǳǻ˵Ҷ
ҶСӣʲôôʨүǸ֪ˣ⸽жʮֻĻޡ
ʨү֮ʣҶ꾹ͷŶ˳ȥ
ΧЩ޸ӦҶĻϢȫŭŭȻ˸Ҵǵأಣһֻֻ޴˷߾£˹
ҶΧ룬ۿžҪڶ޵צˡ
ҶСӣˡʨүȻҶҪʲôȴҲò˵Ҷ̫ˣȻ飬飬ò˵һΣԵģ΢ٿزпڴ˴ɥ
Ҷļħսȫ֣ס塢Ȳֱۣ֮ӡӡǸ߸ߵ𣬵Щ޷֮ʣҶݺݵƿӡӡĽƣһ޴Ŀӡ
ҶƿƵ˲䣬һǿޱȵӡӡ֮ͷŶ
һһǿӡӡΪģɨ
ڳٵԼϵ˲䣬Ҷವһӡӡռ֮С
ԲﷶΧڣɽΪƽأϳһ׵ľ޿ӣӡӡļֻ˲䱻ǹ飬Զļֻޣȫݺݵغ˳ȥһϢôһֻñȽԶ֮󣬰ݶȥ
ҶһЩˣûкأתָ֮˹Ȼವһӡ
ҶСӣ̫ΣˣҪһӡУɣҲȲ㣬ħսȻס塢ֺȣԴҲǹɳ֮¡ʨүҲð˿˿ĺ˵
ʨү֪֪һ仰󣬵֮ʵѾһƿͨķǺˣһЩҵֶΣ֮ڣڣ˵ʵ̫ˡҶһ˵ţһȥռЩ޵ʬ壬ۿռѾѵ÷ǳˣɴֻһЩЩԴĶ˵ԴĶռʬȫֵİ˳ɡ
ʨү˸ۣ´ڣѾǷǳ˲õٶ˺òãٿֱˣϻʨȻԶǸ磬ǾǧŴﵽεģҶҪһԳһô
ȻһḶ́ôҲһ첫Ḷ̫́ϧˣһҲ޷ﵽ۷ɾ͡Ҷ̰ᡢøԶ֮ˣҵģҲȥܹõģҲȻѪ֮֮£Ҷ˵ӡӡջ֮Ѹٵ£ЩԴеĺġ
ӰűңҲطеʱ򻹻һЩĶ֮飬ʨү˵֮ҲǶ߼鱦ĲϣֵӰű൱
ҶΪӡӡɱޣ߲Щ̫ϾĻһᱻû뵽߲̫Ͼ޼ʧûһ̽ЩҲǿŵԶԶض㿪ˡ
⵹ȥҶһЩ鷳Ͻ£궫֮ˣȥԶݡ
죬߲㶼һ
¡¹ȡЩŽɢǣȫʧɫΪ߲ĳֻŭˣЩŵƨ˳ȥһЩҲʱҼ߲ڲˡ


357 ħս
䣡䣡䣡
ʱ֮ڣҶɵϰֻޣķᣬط֮࣬Ӱűʮö֮ʮöЩҶҵħսףϧһظħս׻ȣϵħսǶʹˡ
Ҷѹ߲ܶΨشȴȻǲҽϾʵЩ̫ϾĻ൱ΣյġȻӡӡҪ̫ϾĻޣʩչӡĻᶼûУͱЩ̫Ͼ޸ɵˡ
ΧһûħսɡҶ롣
ҶСӣ߲Ǳߣʮ̫ϾĸֽмģûǲҪӡӡˡʨү˵
ףѾ׼뿪߲㣬ȥˣҶͷѾ߲ջķᣬЩ̫Ͼǿ߹߲֮Ķûķˣʹߡ
û뵽Ҷݾʨү΢΢׵ҶСӣ˵òʱѾ׼߲ˣһжȻȾָ̰֮ᡣ
Ҷ߲ڷȥȻαװһͨģ
ִһսá鱦ҩǡڻħһ塢ѩӰһ׼߲㣬޹˵Ȼ뿪һ߲Ľ䣬ϣһ
Ȼ߹ϣ
׼Ҫһսˡ
ִһǶͷôôֺˣҶ΢΢ü
ûԶѺ͵ˣֻԶ档ʨү˵߹κһɶ޷ռ߲ĺôֻһЭ֮ǰĶԹҲֻȷˡ
Ҷ΢΢ͷЩ֮䣬ʨѪģԲ޵޵ضԿΪܾ˶ǶԣûкôڳֹͬʱߣֻǱѹȻ˳Ĺֻǿߺǿ֮䣬жԻʸ
֮ǰ߲̽ðյĸ߲ڷѸٵȥ
ƺǸоࡢޡǿǵĵ߲޺֮˷Щͬʮɣȫ̫ϾĻޣ
һҵĶԿϾҪʼˡ
ҶѸٵȥֻԶУಣӰӹһ߲£أЩޣЩ֮󣬺ըķѡ
ޣǹǰȫûκεֿ֮Ǻѹ
Զʣࡢޡе̫ϡ޼ǿѾЩչ˶ԾҶһ·Ůˣ׹֣ವһǳԶȥ
Ҳˣ֪Ǳߵսôּսܹġ
Ҷ˳Զȥǰ߲ĳѾǰ
߲ڣ߲ڵĸͣɨˣӦѰҶ˵ټǵĻҶϣ´һ
Ҷʱȫһ˵ĳ࣬ϢʲôҲȫͬݵɨ֮£߲ĳڡ
ӡռ֮Уô죬ͨʨȶѾָòˡڣȻ޷Կ
ڸ಻ٲȻһУܶڽŸƷȻｻ׶ôȫʱɱ˶ᱦ鷢
ʨ鱦ƷǷȫҶӡУͨʨ
鱦ܺãǽ׾԰ȫͨʨ˵Щ춼ӡУ֪淢ʲô飬֪ҶҪ鱦ʲô
Զ鱦פӪأΧһȺڸ鱦˽׸Ʒ󲿷Ԫűҽ鱦ĸ鱦
Ҷֱ鱦Ĵȥһ鱦ӳֽҶ£صλѣ鱦ƷЩ鱦ӣǾԿԸһļ۸鱦λ˵Ӫأ˵Ȳý룬¡
鱦ĸˣһЩҶһжöԼõطмöӰűҡ֮顣
طӰ𣿡Ǹ鱦ӵһЩ⼯֮УڷǳϡеĶֻһЩĸֲôһöҶȻô࣬ݶȻ򵥣̧ͷҶҶһͨ˵ĳ࣬ƽƽ棬ҲһЩЩĸ֪ȴǲ֪ҶʲôˣصԺȥ鱦ĳϡ
ǸӸϽ񣬹һᣬһ۵߼ææ˳ǸСĵظ
ǸҪ鱦󽻻ƷôǸĿҶϣȻҶΪΣĿһ۾ͿҶȻȣӦò򵥡
һɢ˵ȣ鱦ֳǾԲƵġ
Ҷ˵ͷ
ҽ֣鱦רŸ׵ĳϣǸֵĳ˵Ҷһ·鱦Ǹ鱦ӣվԭأĿҶֳȥ
鱦ĳ֮Уﱻ˸ƣ˸ֳ϶ҶΪΪѾ˵ˣҶղſһóöط򣬻Ӱűҡ֮ȶ
ʸҪ鱦ЩʲôֳָҶһˮ˵
дһŵӣ鱦ܰҵЩԸطӰűһ֮ƷҶ˵
õġֳҶ׼˱ī
Ҷд굥ӣݸֳϣֳϿϵĶɫ˱䣬ЦҪҵЩңħսǸ֮˵ǾƷģƷģҲҲÿһħսǼֵǡοָҪħսеͷЬǸˡ
ҶĬƬָ̣Ҫħսȷʵе̫ǿˣһµһƷħս׻ȣҪƷħս׵ͷЬӣֳ֪ܷҵ
Ҷ˵գһƷħս׻˳ʨ˵鱦ְҵ£Ҳ鱦˵ȥ
ĿƷħս׻֮ϣֳϵд𾪣ħս׵ʮġһóȥۺ졣
һƷħսףҪԶԶƷħսףҶҪƷħսҲûʲô⣡һҶɹ鱦԰׬ܶ࣡
ֳϵϵʽ鱦ˣҪһȣҪ˭½
û⡣Ҷ΢΢ͷ


358 ʨ
ڶʽףҪѰƷǾƷϵ鱦󣬸Ҷˣ鱦ĶûУȱľ鱦鱦ṩѾƷ鱦֪ҪڽϿ̻һʲôĽӡֳ̧ͷҶʵ
ӡһửϵġҶڽ֮صʱذһͼ¼󷨣һϽһǿڸֵвõ󣬻һ򽣽Ҷ׼ʱϽ򽣽
ڼǮ΢΢ɵؿҶ
ֳ˵ҶܵȻ˵
ƷƷ鱦ףÿһѸ¿ѡ֧һطʮӰűңӰűҲ࣬Ҳ֮黻ڼӡѺˡ̧ͷҶ˽Ȼ׬ģ˾Ʒ鱦ֻҪ㹻Ĳϣ鱦ƣ飬֮Ҳѣ鱦ģǸּ鱦ˣƷƷƷ鱦Ƚң˾Ʒ鱦ǲġ
û⡣Ҷ΢΢ͷԼӰűҺ֮൱ġ
ҶĻһϲҶȻǸˣôĽף۾գգʹӦ鱦һЩʦԣʮӰűұԼһѾƷ鱦ʮӰűңҪɱʮֻޣ⽻ɹ鱦һڳеĵλܹһΡ
Ʒɽ鱦Ҳɣ̫̺࣬ƴ鱦¿ҪɣǮܾЩˡֳɵصȻչ鱦⣬鱦һģ۸桭̧ͷҶһҧҪʮöط򣬻öӰűңûô࣬ǳ֮ʯħսҲԡ
ֻΪԩͷҶҡҡͷƷ鱦лһѶǧƷ鱦ҲĿطѣƷ鱦ϵĽӡͨҲҪһЩʦԾ˹ãĿط㹻ˡǾƷ鱦ϵĽӡֻ鱦ǮһЩҲˣƷ鱦ϵĽӡȴǺܶ˶ˣ鱦ԸҲȥұˡطļǮ
пЦλȻƴ֣ȴҲúܣ⣬мɽԷգϽЦƷ鱦ϵĽӡܶȷʵҲƷ鱦˭õóģ鱦Բй¶˵κϢöط򣬲֪Σ
Ҷ˼
ִʱһ亹ŵؿҶһطļ۸񣬶˵ǷǳҪġ
ðɣҽļ۸񣬵Ҫʮ֮ڣʱһȥһֽǮһֽҶͷ
ҶĻдϲ̸һ⣬Ƿǳ۵ģ鱦еĵλҲἱ
òʮ죬鱦Ὣϣ°ѽӡңȥ죬⼸¿Ϣգطû˻ŵ£ʲôʱ鱦ĵӸҴֳЦ˵ԽҶԽ˳ۣһˣҰ
Ҷӡ֮뿪ˡ
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ǣϡһڵǷ׷
ֳǱ߿һۣȥ缸ĸ߲ȥˣҶݳأҲ˵óôطӰ֮飬Ȼжħսóͷǳ˲ˡҶֻܴճһħսװˡħս׵жѵãֵȻĿǰΪֹƺֻһ˴ħսװҲֻõƷǾƷħսѣ
鱦ƣ׬ǮĿͻȻˣʲô˼һĿͻ鱦˵ʧľͲһǰˡ
˵֮鱦Ѹٵ鱦кܶͻŻкܶ˶ԾƷħսȤġ
֮С
ʨү鱦ˣǷŵùҶʵûͷֻ꣬ѯʨү
ѾһЩռħսͷЬˣӦǿΰɡʨүͷ
Ӧò˶ãͿõħս׵ħսˣʱĸ֣Ҳ붯㿴Ҷǰ߹ҲֻܸɵۣΪǵʵ޷ͻħս׵ķ
ҶСӣǴȫħսףôǾƷģһ۷ǿҲ붯㣬ʼһأҲκβãҲҪģѪһǿ񵶡ʨү˵
ǿ񵶿ԿҵħսףҶüʵ
ĻӦòܣԶħսһˣǿ񵶱Ҳرֻһǿ꣬ҲпĶ
춦Ҷһ
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ʨүԶͨʨ˿һۣ쿴ͨ켸˻˳۵ġ
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ǰǽ𣿡ͨʨվʵȻҲǻǧĴڣǰϻʨȴǻ꣬ϻʨǰȻһСòСС
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ͨʨߵʨүǰһɻ󣬲֪ʨүʲôʨ˵һڣʨүǰҲҴ
ʨүǵѹԼֲɣ͹ϵϢĻɵ
׵ҲԶԶţ˵
ʨүƣӴͨʨǰֻһɰޱȵϻͨʨϣͨʨȫȼ˳ȵɫ档
ͨʨʧɫȻ֮дһܵʹֻ࣬üͷûгоϱһĿֲһ˲䣬赲ǧ֮ãʵһֱ޷ֺĽױϣһѣͨʨоԼڵÿһϸڴ˿̻ȸԾ
ôҲʨĺᣬ̫ܲʨʨү̧̧һͨʨſȥ˯
ͨʨϵϻƽϢȥȻһ⣬ȻǳʱҲڽˣʼһأ
Ϊһ̣ȴǧ꣡


359 ȫսף
ޡ޵İ꣬൱ʮꡣ
ǧʱ䣬൱İ꣬ǶԣҲǼΪģͨʨԭΪԼѽʼһˣȴô֮û뵽ʨү֪ʲô׾ͻˣ
ͨʨ̧ͷʨүſ۾ؾһȻ󹧾¡
Լʼһ֮ĶʨҲᴦ·ˡ
ҶԼôԵͨʨԶҶһۣ¶м֮ɫ
ʱҶӡĽ䣬ͼط򡣳ǿѾطͷܹа˿ǲõģ飬ҶҲһһѪһ
ܴ򿪣
ܴ򿪣
Ŀ飬ȫܴ򿪣ŻһһʧҶĳط򣬲ȫ޷ɣ
óһطҶѪȥһâҶоطϴ
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Ҷ˷ܲѣʶط֮Уһߵ
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ǰ͵컻طҶֻСʱѧ˵һأϰ˾쳽֮Щطƺա
ǰûǿĹԪطҶʵȻ˵ԽǸߵȵطԽ˾쳽Ҷ׼ֱǿط
Ҷһڱ˵ҪǿԪطҲԸв죬ǰҶոѡһǾط͵컻գӦ֪ЩߵطǶôΪʲôҶһھҪѧѵģĪҶѾ͵컻ˣ
ʮԪطÿһԪطҪһý֮
ʲôý֮Ҷüʵ
Ԫط飬Ҫʮ̫ϾĻΪſ
ɱʮ̫ϾǿߣҶæҡͷҲܻܲɱ̫Ͼ֣Ե޹ʾҪɱʮԼûʲôԩˣҶ˵ҲԽܵ飬ûģ
ֱԪطˣҪϵſ
ϵҵ죬ѶҲ̫˰ɣҶȥԪط治һѣеҪɱһЩּеҪеҪһЩĳЩмѶȲһĴ󣬲ڵҶܹﵽġ
һԪطҪں֮飬Ͼһ֮ԪطȻҪں֮顣ҶЦûһԪطڵԼܹģ룬Ҳû£ԺﵽһԼõطҲ١
ǾطأûʺǾط
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Ҷ˿طӰҶѾʶˣγһ޴ˮΣԼУĵ˽Ҳȥ
ѾкܶʵõططҲֻһѡĻᣬѡһط
طɱɱ֮С
طϵ֮ˣʩչ˷˲Ϣƶǳ
ⱼǸϵط׹࣬ƶٶȣ˲ϢΣգǱطҪ߼ö࣬һأ͸׹ЧһˣǼ˲ϢƶǧһǿޱȵıطһʼǿߣҲ׷ȻһЩطԿƱģǸһЩط
ɱҲޱǿɱӰΣֱǰɱ
ҶвͣǿǾط֮¶˾ģôסҪģûˣǿطûáԺлˣѧɱط
һǾط
Щõطĸ֣ѡǾطˣҲⱼطҪɵһصһЩ֮ķѼʮʱҲǺģһЩ츳΢ѷɫģķʮϰҲ޷ɡ
طлطصĹϴУֻʺ϶ѪԼҲ޷ˣط˷ˡ
ѡ˱ط֮Ҷǿط鲻ˣʣµһطһѪȥҲǲܴ򿪡
طֻһ飬ҶЦ򿪵ĸʻ͡
ҶСҲһ£СѪ⣬ûкʵطҶֻܽ߿鲻ʹõطһһպãЩطȻ޷ʹãÿһɶǼֵǵıԻһЩԼҪĶ
Ҷʼطĵһأھתϵ˵֮С
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֮Ҷ׹⸡ǽһˣڶѶ̫ߣҶΪ޷ʼǿߣֻҪԷûרſƱطⱼһأҲǹˡ
ⱼѶȣ͵컻ҪֹԽҶԽǷ쳽غǿڲŸ˾쳽һضѣЩ似طһ㣬ط֮죬ҶҲ𾪲ѡ
ǱҪʮɵط
Ҷӡ֮似Լطо춦Чãʱܿ͹ȥˡ
ҶǱ֮ʱ˳˽˷֮ɫ
̸ôˣҶʵĵģħսˣħսҶԴȫħսףȻ۷ǿߣҲǻȻ壬ټϱطȻʼǿߣҲĻᡣ
Ѿ̸ˣ鱦ħսͷԼЬӣ˷ܲѵ˵ħս׵ͷЬ˳ϣϹƣ񶼳ѤϹ⣬Ʒģ¿һ»
ҶħսͷЬӣȷʵƷĲ
סʨүͻȻһ
ʨүҸоˡҶֻʨү㷢ħսͷЬϣһЩΣ汻ʩչطϢУǻˣ޷ֽţҶһ֣ĬƬ̣Լ鱦ĴˣûҪֽţǱˣ鱦˵һܴʧ
鱦ġʨү˵
ֳϣǸ˭ģҶתͷѯ֡
ֱȭǸԲˣ鱦Ϊܡ
Ҷ΢΢ͷҲûָ֣͸¶ԷϢҶҪˣֻ᲻ὫԼϢҲ͸¶ȥ
ֽŵһǿߣʨүҶĶ䡣


360 Ͻ
ӵֵģܹҲѣִһսõȡ
ħս׷طĿĺܼ򵥣ҵ˭ڽħսףȻɱ˶ᱦд㣿
ҶתסطħսȻ߶һһ㽫ɡ
Ƚ⣬κ޷֮Կ
Ƭ֮ħսϵطȫ
ҶͷһһǼƷħս׻ϣȻǶԻȣݸ֡
ɡҶ֡
죡˷ܲѣһʽף鱦׬˺ܶ࣬Ʒ鱦ҲѾλȻұ鱦ʦӡ
ͷһ鱦鱦ҪͬĽӡҶ
û⡣ֵͷȥɽס
ֳ㡣Ҷͷ
ֺܿǶħս׻뿪ˡ
뿪Ҷ֣ѪħսϣЩħսںϳһףļƷƷҶһǽħսٻ˳ȫħս׵ķ֮£ʵħսףҶװݣÿһӺ֮˿Ϸ죬ˮβ
ħս׵ĴСͶս׵ÿһ򣬶صķӡ
ӡɶͫһӡͫһ壬˿Ըơʨү̾⻹ֻǰƷƷħսףǵƷƷһΪ֮񡣡
Ҷ˼ûиоκεĲʣħսȫ谭жж磬濴ȥǰȻҲзҰҲûκϢ֮С
ȫλǷҶ̾ħսױƳ磬治ûеһսףʮ׵ģҲǿߣΪǿ߳г޷ͻħս׵ķ
ֲÿһħս׵Ǽֵǡ
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ʨүֵʲôطˣҶʵ
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ʩ¡һüͷѪӦһ£ƷħսϵطǸӦˣô£ĪǶԷĳֶΣطĨȥˣ
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ԷԼطˣȻͻľƷħս׻ϸһǾζ֮ܿһԼҪǿĸ֣
鱦ļǿߣǶȻû˾ģôԷпǸ鱦׵ǸˣԷܿѾ׷ٵˣ
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ܷŹκһ˿ʵĻᣬҶ콫ŵҩȥҩڵ֮лһɹɻڻҶ֮УҶΪ˴ȵ
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֮ΪÿֶǷǳѵģû뵽Ч֮ǿԶԶҶĹƣһöͬ׵ҶΪ˵ֱӴﵽڣ
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ҶĻʦҲ¶˰Ȼ֮ɫ
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ʦȻҶ鱦ĴͻҲȻƲϴһİ֣ȴʮֿҶҲû֣ʦʦܵʲôطἫеҲ
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361 ɳһ
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ʦĿɨɨȴûκβǸ൱ľƷ鱦⽣ϱӳطۼֵȱҪֵǮǲıˡʲô鱦ûȻҲԲжپ档
ʦҼӳֽӡɣʦˡҶ΢Цŵݳ
ʦ΢΢ͷѳʼӳֽӡҶǽʮöӰűҽ׸֣һʽס
Сʱ֮ѳϵĽӡϡ
ҶϵѪ˳Ľӡ֮ϣϽķֻѳһ㣬˵һǸѳҶȥҶԱߣҶĻһ㡣
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ԣ֮ǳҲ֮ҵ鱦󡣡ֵͷҶǰǰѾ׬ô࣬ҶȡЩƷ鱦ǽĽӡĨȥ֮ҲãԲģǷҪɵӻͣ
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362 ɳһ
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ЩΧ۵۷׷ףۿžҪˣԶԶÿһټĿյ
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363 򲻶
ɳ޻ͬɳʯɣ׳˶ޱȣףǺͬɽХһ㣬Χ˺Ȼɫ䡣

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ǿħսסҶҲħս׵ǿԼⲻһװƷ;Ʒӵħս׶ѣϣȴһ׾ƷħսףҶϵǿֹʼصĲأҲ޲ߡ
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364 նɱ
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ǲιҶƵվһȻԵõӡ
ɵϣ㣬պеӡҶָָԼĺ󱳣ѺɳǱߴ˴ա
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ҵ⽣ⲻܣ鴤һŵ飬洫ľƷ鱦ôѵôҶϵħսףҲֻһЩ˾ƷĶѣ
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Ҷоϲͷһϵħսףħս׻޵а
ͫһ岻Ǵ˵еʦһ壬ȻҶ뵽
Ҫɱ㣡״һȭȭҶħս׺ȥǾƷ鱦洫֮Ȼˣɵĳ֪ͷɢң״
أƾô񱩵Ĺȫħս׵ҶȻδˡ
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£Ҷһָ䣬ѾƷ鱦ͬ߳һ㡣
ĸҪԮ
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ҵشѪֱ磬ת룬һֱ۱ն£˿֮ǱƵһƬڣɢζ
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ߣûôףҶͺһֻͬһ㣬ڿת˸䣬նǸ
ǼɣۿҪҶԶ
ҶߵƣವһƽǸͲȴûиܳϽҶиǿɱУ
ҶһɵಣɵǸĺ󱳼ȥ
쵰ݵò񣡡ɳ
صһֻ;޴ɳײҶ
ҶȻײɵȴǳǸĺ󱳼ȥۣѪҽһ׹ȥ
Ҷͣס壬һס˲ѳͣ˾ҶԶĵطڿգָЩ
濴ȥǸӿ׹ǱҶɵɱΧ֮£ҶȻӲðɱһЩΧ֮˺Ȼɫ䣬˵ʵǿᣡ
Զ鿴˴ļҲ𾪲ѣǷɵ֪ʲôȻ˰Ե谭ش͸һҪ֪۷弶ȻƷ鱦Ҳ޷׿ˣ
Ҫٴ𣿡ҶЦһ߶˲ϵˮ齣ֻ˲ʱֳĽӰ˿˿ˮڿɢ
ǲˣɳŭ𣬡ɳһ岻ĲݣСӣΪһħսףɳһκβ㣿Ȼɱ㣬ɳһ嵱У̫ϾǿߣħսףҲֵܵĴڶѣҪ̫ϾǿߣǾͱɣɳһ嶨룬֮أ
Ŀ껹󰡣ҪҲ鷳һ֮أҶЦϼһΪʲôȻвҲһˣ㵱ҲǵôҲĳ֣ɳһˣҲ㲻ɣûǹӣ
ɳû뵽ҶȻţöˣƫƫκβҶ
ιλǻҪǲҿҪˣҶŵӰʱ׼һսӡ
ȥɳһλǿ߸κβҶһСĻпܱҶ㣬һ۷ǿ߱Ҷɱˣ
ɳԽԽԶ֮УɳһѪǱҶѪˡ
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ҼסĳϢһ죬ɳһĸ֣ὫʬΣ
ס˳ࣿҶ΢΢һЦһʼͲǱòɳһļҲȻ뵽Ҷ͵컻طҪƾϢ׷ٵǶȻܵġ
Ҷһһ̤뿪ɳһؿҶʧʵľͷ


365 ڹ
ԶЩΧ۵˿һĻһĿȡ
ħս̫ǿˣ
ΧȻ޷ħսףħսʵ֮
һħսףȻǿΣ
ˣһħս׵ǰþˣοһħսװһħսװɱռҪѶˣ
ħս׵ۣһֱûƽϢȥһ뵽ħսǿķǱͷȣֻڸħսףõҲõôһħսѣҪŪȫħսףֱ졣
ǱߣȺ˵
ǳԶȥֻһӰЮޱǿƣһһӶ
һǿߣ
ڳ죡
ڳʲô
ɳĻһƬ˵ڳǰ˴жʱŭ𣬲Ȼ
ѸٵǸӰ׷ٶȥҲڳΧ
Ĵڳ컢
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ڳһףնֱͬǹһ㣬ս죬ȻĴҲǻȻ壬֮硣
λɳһڳ첻֪ʲôط˸λλߴͽ̡ڳ컷ĸ΢΢üתʱ׼һս
ڳ죬㻹˵ǲԽԽˣȻɳһ嶼ɳĿѣŭغ
˻ĳίʵ֪ʱɳһ壡ڳüëһλɳһҪѹҲͲر׫֮˰ɣҲԲ£˽ҪҲҲҲȻ£
ߣôĿȻԽԽˣ۹һССţȻҲɳһֱɳһҪǲǷ֮䣡һССҲ˿ɳ˵ɳĻһֻ޴ɳޣ¡
Ĵûг֣ԸһǿߣɳѾ㹻ˡ
ȴʱһˮϵڿɢӡڶǷӡ̺ޱǿڴ˿궯ѡ
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ڳܣγһ޴ޱȵ󷨹Ӱ
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һϹѣΪܹסһɳһ̫ǿһССϹֵܹס̫ǿߣɳɫЩѿղҶǷ˫ħս׸ˣûã˾ȻóһǿϹһַҪɱ˵ĳ嶯
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ɱɳһʮ᣿ڳ캧Ȼʧɫնɱһôܣɳϣл᲻Щ᣿
ᣬѵõɾɳŭĿԲɵģ㻹벻ϣ
ڳҲǸо˿˿ѹϽҲλһЩᣬĳ˽һ
㻹ҪνͣѾ˽ӪΧסϹܹס㣬ҲҪǵһССĲܷܵסɳһŭ𣡡ɳ꺮
ڳ쳯ԶȥʱĴӪе⽣Ӱ죬û뵽ɳһ˰ԵûͣѾĴӪˣɫʱΪѿһһЩǿڣϵǱԶŴеɳһǻһЩ
ڳ켱æɳϣҲǼλڣҲ֮⣬û˴ﵽ𼶱Ǽλаٶ꣬ȻǣڳҲǲŸոճڴ˴ҲĻܹɱɳһһʮ
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ʧɳ΢΢ü룬ڳӦò˵ѣĻ̫ױˣǲһħսף
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ڳĻɳȷʵÿԩˣֻϴǲܵģصһʱŹһ˲֤һ˿ɳһȻݣ
ԶЩΧӪɳһ־ȥɳĴߣɳԶԶ֮£Ѹϵ׷鵽ˣɳһ崫Ҫɳһ
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ɳߣڳӪȥɵӪ֮ʱӪһƬ裬Ŀ꣬
ڳŭѣɳһ壡Ȼߺɳһ壬ɱǲôˣǸ˲Ĵҡˡ
ҵ㣬һʬΣڳսȭͷֱ¶һǿϢɨ


366 
ĳҶʩչ͵컻մ󷨣ͷ棬һͨ˵ģϵħս׵ȱҲ
򽣽֣Ϳˣ⼸Լ㣬ٶ˽˽ЩöһЩϡ
ȳƾͺЩˣ˵ЩҪͷ֪δᷢʲôıʡ
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Сֵܣ򽣽İɣֳϴһҶʵҶĻòϢȫϲˡ
ǵġҶͷ
ֽҶ쵽һ֮У֮жѵģȫǼӳ˽ӡƷ鱦֮࣬Ҷһüͷô鱦ɽѴ߰
ĿǰķֻһǬÿǬװʮѳȻ󼸰ٸǬߡ
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뿪鱦Ӫ֮ҶûȺ֮У˽ʧȺɽ֮С
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뵽Ҷת׻ȫתɻϵȻ󽫻ϵ𻤱֮С
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ܿأ൱ֵ𻤱ϵƱûĿ
һɹȵ𻤱ϴҶо¶ҲǽԼܳܵļޡ
Ҷ˴Ļϵ𻤱棬ҲһЩı䣬𻤱¯˼֣ͨѪ죬ǱƵʺһ˿˿ɢҶо𻤱гһص
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ֻǸ֪Ů˵ƨɣõͦ죬һҾȻ׷ϣȻĻǵһͷŭѣʵľԼԴһʯͷϣʯͷᱻĳ촷ۣȴһоҲûһ
רŮƨɼۣҶԺֳ︡һֻȫⱦͨۺĪǾ
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ҶͺһתǵصѹȥΧͷܡ
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367 һ飡
ͷܸоһǿĻϸ룬ԼԺŵŭһͻȻɫâֻءһҶĻ
ץסӣŶûУҿǷһޣܣҿɲһͷͷصһڱϢ񱼣ܱܵʱͬһƶıһ㣬һ·ɨȥؾҵţ;ľʯȫײ˳ȥ
ļһ
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ͷѾ۷弶ĴڣȻƶٶȲô죬µķͬͰһ㡣
ЩʦǿԼϴһ·񱼶ȥܿͺûһɢ
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Ը˳Ը˳ǾϽ£ʵʵſ
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ʱоܵѹСȥ֪ǵϢʲôʵ̫ǿˣ̧ͷ˿ҶĪǵǿϢλ棿
ѯЩ⣬Ժλˣλʲô͵ʲôκһ˿ȻҶһԴصһըˣ뵽е㴹ͷɥЩɽഺҪһȥˡ
һ鰡űңԺĺģʲôҪ󾡹ᣡҶһ飬ʵܱ仯ô


368 ҵƨɣ
ȻˡֻһĸͷѸٵСһ˵ģһ޴Ļãϰ¶ȫ͹ļ⣬ʵޱȣ׶ֱ࣬Ͱһ㣬ָһ飬ϻټһ˸ͷϹһֺڵӣϾȻ
һǾ޴ĿͷҶһһֱǻһƦåһһĸͷ֪һǿְ
һ֣ԴҶͰ͵Цһ£¡
һ鲻˵ʱ򣬾סܶˣһ˵ɵĺģ˲ƻ͡
ҽҶԺͽϴɡҶǱ˽еҲͦϰߵġ
ϴ󡣡һĵЦЦ
㴩·ɡҶóһյǬӻۿռͳһѵҩӸһ飬Ǹġ
һӹǬǬɻؿһۣһ£Ȼɽ浱ɽûʲôʶⵤҩĺûһζŵóǼƷҩҾкüʮŰ
лϴ󣡡һ˷ܵؾϹ֮ǰǾɥɢЩҩԶֵǮŨҩƢ˵ͻƣ
Ժϴ죬öٲġҪ㹻ģȹʱ䣬һһЩطҶܴȵһ飬ָһվһ̫ûеϴˣֻһĸ϶ѡ
ǣϴԺһΨϴհǡһط۾һĵĹâ
һ飬֮ǰ˵ͷʲôҲһҶһ鿪ʵ
Ҷѯʣһӵתһ£ǵģϴֻҲһֻڣʵ̫ˣÿҸ򶷣ҪԿϴ㿴ƨϻͷ˺üڡһ˵žҪѿӸҶ
ͣѿˣ֪ͺˡҶͷߣæֹһ飬ţŮƨɣҧƨôȻһ鲻ˣôֻģշһ飬ҶѾ˼ޣ޷շһˣǲշֻˡ
ֻڣȻ۷һ鶼򲻹ȷʵЩŵ
ͷȫǻкüǻƳɵģ֪Ǵģҷ˺ôŴû죬ҷֶһ
ҶһһĲӣĵĺɫǺö֪ôࡣ
ϴҪշͷôһ۰Ͱ͵ؿҶ
˵ǴѨҶʵ
ϴҪȥǴѨôһ۾һߺߵţҧƨɵˣ͵űϴշɣʱҲҪݺҧƨɣǴѨ沼أʮգҽȥüζ㱻˴⬡
ȥҶ˵
֡һ˳ص
ӰշӶȥ
ŰСʱ󣬴һƬƬɭïܵĴ֣Զɽ֮䣬һĶѨҶ֮ڣǶѨ֮Уһˮʶ
Сӣһ沼˽ƺͻأЩƻضѲʨүңǽƻصڲ֪˭ĹѨһŹסʨүӡд
Ҷһÿһ񶼼ֵǣѵõıȻ
ͷҲ棬ȥɣʨүһЦ
Ҷͷһһ飬һ飬ವһӶ
һЩŵӣӲͷƤҶĺ棬ⶴѨΣÿһζǲҲ̶ãѾҽˣҶҪȥҲǲҲӡ
ģңסλãͲᴥأҶһ
ವһҶӽ˶Ѩ
һظҶĺ棬תۼ˶Ѩףǰʱ򣬲÷ɵĻܵģֻҪ붴Ѩʮףǻرܼͬһ㣬ϴĺ棬ȻһضûдһӾӽס
ϴȻһСɽﳤǸûǴһ޳ѧģǸ޳żһ磬ֻЩǿˣҶѱ֮󣬼ȵõôҩ˵ѧϰطǿҶһ˿ͳ֮ġ
⸽ܲǻأʨү·ʼǿߣҲδܽ
ಣӰͬһ㣬һ·ĵصףʱ֮ǽһصĹѨ֮УһĹңڷһʯףףʮףԱʯʯΡʯʯƬذڷһͷǧ֮࣬ĹѨҲ֪˭ĹѨ൱ֺˡ
ٳԶȥֻԶұڷĵĺɫĹѨȻڻ֮У֪˭һĹѨ
ҶоĹ˻ɢڴ˴°빦
ҶСӣǸĺõطʨү֪һ£Źʬ岻֪ΪʲôȻˣ浹вĹѨ˵ϧΪߵӣʲô֮ˣұʯңвٱҶСӣ㷢ˡ
ȥҶ䣬ֻԶһ޴ʯͫͻȻɺĹâҶһ顣
ʯ˸ףϴŽףׯ䣬Ҷһ飬ͳ˻ƣ˭Ҵҳ˯֮࣬ǸϽ뿪ҿԷһ·˴ǵ֮أ
ʯ׹¶ŵһԴʯ˾Ȼ˵ʵֲ̫ˣĪʯ˵ĹѨ
ʱӡеʨүȴЦһװŪСϷҲóˣʨүôƭģҶСӣ꣬󷽣
ҶͺһһΧһۣѸٵǽӰ֮ͷ
ҶȻ޷ѱܹǿҵѹȣ껯һԺȥ
ʯ˿˵ҲװŪ
ҵѽ㣬߶ЩǼڹҫصһײҶꡣ
ҵˣܣҪ⣡һ̴ŭȥһˡ
ֻ޹۾ˮؿһ飬ۿһҪ˵ˣವһʹڣһĿ˹ȥصһֻһһͷײһʯϣǸʯײķѡ
ϣһĹͷվ
Ĺ֮Уһ׷սʼˣֻЩʯƹƹҵһء
ˣĵ̣ǴתǸҵĵҰˣʮû˾ȵǡһߺߺֱУһһ׷֮ȿ񱼡
һͷССҲ˵ԼǴתʨүһЦѹϡ
Ҷһ߿һ׷ҡͷЦЦûʲôвֵýһ飬ǰʯȥвٺö
ҶʯұȥһʯңˣҽеҵĲƱЩƱȷֵģǿ
㲻֪ǸʲôɽȻǿǸϴϴǸʲô֪𣿡һһܱ
ವһִһǴֱִ˳ȥһתſҧһƨϡ
أҵƨɣһ鷢İš


369 ߲Ʊ
һƨɵʱҶѾǼʯҵУǰ濴ȥһƬ⣬ҫ۶Ŀ
ҶҲһ£ö౦
һƬССʯҵУȻһѵĻ񣬲֪ж٣һЩǼӹӡ
ö񣡡Ҷ𺳲ѣ˻֮⣬иֲ֪ʲôɵ鱦Σֱ콫Բ׵ʯҶˡ
һõȥɶǼֵǵıмǧ鲻ֹɣҪίŪǮ۹´ˡ
ҵ죬Щһ֣ܴ򽣽
գҶʩչЩȫ𣬺ȫ˻ۿռ֮УЩ˻ۿռĽ䡣
ʯĶƬ̱㱻Ҷյһɶ
ȥڶʯңҶӳǸʯңת˵ڶʯҡ
Զһڼҵսҧһƨɣһô˦Ҳ޷˦ʹôУȻƤ񣬵̫ˣҧһֱֲͣһӾסβ͡
ſ죡һʹβ͡
죬зͳڳݲؽţſҵβͣ
ȷţһ˻˻س
ȷţſ̾ͷţߺ
ҲŲĵأһβ͡
ʹֱУҧһƨɡ
ҵѽܵƨɣһ˺ѷεʹƨϴһֱҪ޳ˣſ죬ҵƨҪˣ
ȷſҵβͣͷţ
Ϊһͷ𣿡һŭ
ҧøأһеøˡ
һţ
ãһţ
һڷֿһֱظϽԼƨɣҲǲͣشͷ̫ˣβ͸ˡ
ԶʯҿȥֻһʯǿտҲʱɱܣҺҵĲƱ
Ҫʯңֻһܱۣ
ܣһһֻƨɣһֻץ
Ҷӵһʯ˵ڶʯҵУֻ⴦ʯҵУʮ鱦ʮ鱦УнгìսꪻиֻߣǾôÿһʣһͲǷƷ
ʮ鱦ÿһ߰ƷģоƷģ
ÿһ߰Ʒ鱦൱ֵǮģҶ˷ܲѣһֻʮ鱦ವسҶҶȫ˻ۿռ֮С
ۿȥʯ鱦ǱҶ£һˣҶ׼뿪ȴʨүҶСӣ©Ǽ
ļҶɻʵʯĻĶ
ϸʨү˵
ʨүĻҶһѵʲôõıڰ
Ҷת꣬ϻҫʯȥֻʯҵĿУһ˳һɫͨף׳һһ˻׶̡
ǺҶȵʵǵһοĶۿתϸܿΪ档
ҶСӣ͹ª˰ɣⶫʨүһЦ
Ҷ΢㶡
ӦǾƷģһļֵֵ㴢ռ鱦ܺͣ
ôֵǮҶƷ鱦߰˾Ʒ鱦Ҳ֮鱦ҲȲһѻ
ӰΣֻܿȿʩչҲûʩչ޷ֱֵܹĻȻĻɨУҲʹ켫䲻ףòʮϡҪɣ
Ҳ˵רԸģҶʵ
֮ʧͨһƷĻҵοһƷ
ʨүѣҶ޷ѻڣɨӣûϸȥĻҲ޷ġ
ⶫѷֱ֣ӹĻʱһɱҶѣסɫתֻ֮ɫҶ˹
ҶһץɫץסȻⶫӰΣȥץʱȴܹоɫɢı֮ҲһʵĽС
ͷȥɫ֡
Ȼ档Ҷо̾һ˿긽ɫϣֻһ˿ûɫ֮УɫҶ꽨һ˿޵ϵ
Ҷ΢ֻɫܵĳǣһһ㡣
Ȼûٿأ
ö
Ҷս˻ۿռ֮Уﻹеʯң֪ЩʲôҶ˵ڶʯң˵ʯ֮УʯұȸղʯҪСһЩʯذڷһŰһУٸ֮࣬沼˺Ļҳ
Щ֮в֪ЩʲôҶһУֻ۵һһɫڶҶæסòʲôɣ
ҶСӣİɣⲻǶҩһûлֻкô
ʨүĻҶס￴ȥտҲʲôûС
ʨүô£ôǿպУҶʵĪĶˣ
ЩӦö˵ҩõʱеˣҩȫҩ
Ще׷˶ãҩҩöôʱ䰡
ϰɡ
Ҷüͷ΢ЩоȻϣѹĵҩûˣЩеǷǳι̵ӣȻҲûɢҶҲˢˢˢЩȫս˻ۿռ
ҶһսУһߴЩУۣһҩڶ
ЩҩȻǵҩΪʱʵڹҩЧɢˣЧ΢΢ˡ
һУһеʱҶȻ۾һ֮оȻһöҩ
һöɫĵҩںУһҩ˱ǶƮƮɡ
ʨүʲôҩҶʵû뵽Щ֮УȻеҩ档
ǡҶСӣиˣŻΪͻڣ𶥷ˣϧöҩԻȴûκЧʨүӡд
֪ǼƷҩȻֻΪ޷ΪҲһöɶõıһ֣Ҫһ׵ΪҪķʮĹöԼҶʱ䣡
ȰЩȫȻʱö
ҶصؽöպãµĽУٸҶҵöĵҩ
öɫĵҩ޳ԣͻ硣
öɫĵҩṉ̀Ҳ޳ԵģΪ
Ǹ޳ԵԪӻΪ
öһöһöջķᣬҶʯ˼ȦֽﻹһЩ򿪵ĽУ򿪽геĵҩ֮µġ
һŹಣнжҶ뻤ۿռ֮С


370 ħӣ
ʯҶĲҽУҲƱ
һۺɫ˵ӰವһҶײ
ۿҪײԼˣҶףһ㶼ͣϾһײ֮ҶڵԵֵġ
ħսףҶͺһϹƣħս׵ķ֮С
ءһһͷײħսϣ໴˼ֳһҧԣɫʱӷɫࡣ
ҵݣһҧڼӲħսϣݲϡ
һսףһҧ»ֱħսףӲĳ̶ȸһܹҧƵġ
Ȼϴ󣡡һԱ˹͵سץȥ
ǾȻĲƱˣǴתʮضû˾ȵǣϿ㽵һǰɣУವһִһ˳ȥ
ҶʱûշˣҲֽɱֻܽˣһֻ˵һѳ
ҶϽʱϺȻƾһ׵磬ֻ¡һ죬Ҷħսϡ
ħս׶ʱϹʢսϵһƱ׵ڽ֮⡣
ܿأ׵ʧˣûиҶκ˺
ô£ҶȲѣס˽Ųûиоκʩչ׵Ķ׵缸ƾնȻ̫һ㡣
ʨүҲһüͷ׵ʵе죬ҲǸܲκԤס
ߺߣ군ˣǼŭˣװЩɶķ˰ɣе׵Ҷϣʱ˼Ѫһ㣬ɫǺ죬˷ֱܵС
ʱһ׵ƾ£ֻ䡱һϣžֱ죬ЩɫӨëͻȻըһ㣬ͬһֻ⬣ë֮䣬ĵ˸
ʹֱУӿ񱼣ϴһ㡣
һ鿴һĻЩѽͷʵ벻ףôٻ׵Լ
翾һ˫ֲЦ
ʱһ׵£һһըһʱڣ͡ȴð˵̡
ţ䣬Ͽһ£һ״ɫ䣬Ĵ㣬Ҷϣħս׸档
طйŹ֣ҶСӣȥǹײĶ뿪ʨү˵
ѵԼϴʯңŭĹѨˣҶ˲ö룬һǾʯ׷ֻʯտҲûʬ壬ʯױԵǷһЩ·֮ĶӦʯǰ
ҶûϸһЩȫս˻ۿռ֮С
ܼ£ٶȼ죬Ҷħսըֻ䣬߷裬Щ׵綼޷ͻҶħսס
ħս׵ķʵ̫ǿˣҶһȥֻһǱؿ񱼣Ǳ׵УҿЩ׵ȻǲܣڽֱӸ
һ飬ߣĶҶˣҶҲ׼ͣವһڷȥ
һͬڵһ㵯Ҷĺ档
Ҷһ뿪ڴȽԶûиϣǰ׵Ű׵֮Щʯʯʯʯȫը鿪˽ˣû׵磬ôˣ
Ǵת׿ͣ䣬ֻЩ׵磬ͻȻͣ
Σû׵¡
̧ͷϷգգ۾ɻصѵǴת
׵ͣƬ̣Ϸƺƾۼ
ҵѽವһ˳ȥڷ񱼶ȥ
ҶһǸѨⶴѨջķᣬһһ飬ҪˣҪȥЩֵǵ𣿡
ûļһΣձ˭ö죬粻һͷ˿һ˿ЩֵܣЩңɽӡ
ҶһֻԶ౵һȻų£ͣҶߡ
ëǸġҶӸ񣬽콫öȥ
Ҷһö̱ڻʱԱߣʱವһ̱˽ȥ̱СӦаġ
ﻹһöʱòϣԴ۷徳һԣô
һգգ۾˿ҶսʱḺ́ջĿ⣬ǲҸҶҪģҶܶ굤Ӧ֪ˡ
һ飬ǸġҶ룬ӻۿռóǳ֮ʯ׸һ顣
һֽסǳ֮ʯɻʵϴʲô
ǳ֮ʯʮϡеıǳ֮Ϊ
һȻɽ֮УҲϱĹżпһЩǳ֮ʯĴ˵ʱ֣ллϴ󡣡ǳ֮ʯϡıϴȻ־͸飬ϴȻǰ;
һ鶼ƨƨߵ˿յȥˣҶһۻۿռ䣬ЩʯóĶһ£һҺڵĶ񣬴ȥ֮Խסһڽӣ֪ʲôá
ʨүʲôãҶʵ
ҶСӣ񲢷鱦ҲΪͨȴǻɽ˿֯Ҽӳطȥ֮ȫסϢԳ򣬾ǿҲ޷̽ʵʨү˵
񣬾ȻáҶ΢΢ȣ⵹һĶ˵ʲôʱõϣڽأ
ڽӽħӣһ߶ѹסһЩǿߣħӹˣڵ޷߶
ⶫȫûãҶʵòҵһȴ޷߶
ǵҲǡһ취Դ߶
ʲô취
ĵҩöעħӣö̺Դ߶ħʩչһΡ
öܴ߶һΣħӣжЧҶɻʵ
Ҳ֪ҪԵ֮ʱʨү˵ħӣҲر˽⡣
֪Ĺ˭ҶƷôı
Ĺݵλѷɫˣħӣ޷Ტ۵ġʨүҲһѵõıˣҹƣҲӦһƷİɡ
Ʒ鱦Ҷ΢ħʩչһξ͵úķޱҪҶ治ⳢԣϾɲСĿҲû̫
Ҷһ㷢ڲԶĵط
һҵĲƱģߺߵصһôĺ棬βͲͣ˦˦ⱦ˻Ρ
ҶѾŪôƷҲ׼Щˡ
֪׼ʲôҶûнħսջȻϣӻۿռóȥһʽ˵


371 սø֣
ҶĬĬתڵǻڵ֮ںϽ˾֮УǴռ󣬾תһƬһ㡣
ڵӿԽԽ׳ΪѸٵ
Сʱ֮ҶΪڴڣڣۿž𶥷ҲԶˡ
⻯ҩЧ
ȻΪͣڣžǵתҲһ˿ļҪͻڣǷȱôһЩ
ԽΪԽѣҶ̵֮ʱ;̶ֳȣѾǷǳ˲õˣܶ౻˿츳׿ţһӶ޷ﵽҶڵľ硣
ʨүû˵˿ڵ֮һƬռ䣿Ҷʵ
һƬռ䣿⵹Щϡ档˵̫ʱڣȷʵǶңɼĴ˵ʨүüë˵ҶСӣ֪ʨүҵôӡӡ֮е𣿡
ʨүôӡģҶɻѯʣʨүûи˵
ʨүҲɣʨүңҲ߳ƵĴڣҵ˽иڣϹʱһҵǸǿߣ߳ңǿҲǶţëڵ꣬޵һĴڡһ죬ǸڵһˣǼǿ߳׼ˣû뵽нһָһָ㽫ǸǿȫѹڱһָΪ촷ۣΨʨүѡʨү˵Ȼð˿˿
һָͷѹԽĴԼţëһǿߣҶԾѣ˾ǿʲô̶ȣǵʨүôӡӡеģ
Ǹһӣϵһʯ㻯ӡҷӡ˽ȥʨүЦ
ԭӡǵϵһʯʨүĻҶ磬˾η֮ģԭУǿĴڡ
죬ˣֹ棬޷ȣ֮Уκ鶼֣ԵԻ򵽴ڣԵһҲϿҶСӣһ죬ʨүˣʨүҲͲдˣһĹ־ڣʨүЩ͸п
ʨүĻҶĬȻƺԵһ˿˿
Щ̫ϡ޼ĸ֣Ҳֻܲ⣬޷ʨүڣʨүɻҶһЩпԵƺһЩ
ʱ޷شʨү⣬ò˶ãһʨү𰸵ġҶŵص
ҶĻʨүһ£ΣȴҡͷЦЦʵҶ֮ǰȷʵŶˣһé®ͷ࣬һһؿʼɱͳɳ
Ҷ껯ȹһΪ׼·ˣļƻҶ׼ȥһ˳ڿYȻȥҶˣöǴһЩǳ֮ʯҶҡ
Ҷ׼ʱ򣬺Ȼеһ˿ԶʮӰٶȼ죬߸𼶱
ҶСӣߣ޼ǿߣһʼһأһʼأʨү
ҶɫһݣҪ뿪ˡ
޼ǿߣҶü̧ͷȥֻЩˣǷסԼȥ·
ʮնжʮ߸߸ʼǿߣװȫսõˡ
аսõ̫ϳϣǶսһͷֳ·һ·ɱɢߣ˲ٱɽоʱǡڴ˴ҩҶ
Уսþŵǰ֮УִһսþԶʷȻɿǿĴڣһִһһ֡
ҶȫӨӨϹ֮УаԶԶ֮ϲƵϹ⣬ȫħսף
Īǵڶħսף㼤֣˵һ֮⣬еڶħսг֣ǻصʱȴ֣Ǵȫħս׵伣Ҳ޴Ѱ٣û뵽ڴ˴
սãаϲɫħսѾսõ֮˽ҶΧЦأҲѣ鸿ط𣡡
ʩչ鸿طԷֹҶʩչ˲طߡ
Ҷվ΢΢üû뵽ڴ˴ǿУʼǿߣе鷳ˡ
ҶһԶһ飬һʱֶ׼һʱ֮УȻһӡû뵽ΧǱ
طҶ̧ͷ޼ǿߵѹѾǵض
Сӣս̫ϳϺ㣬Ѿа̫ϳϵطסˣѣϵħս׻ȫսý㲻˵ʼǿߵ˶ĤҪըһ㡣
Զһ鿴һĻɵۣ㻹аΪԶԶ߹޼ǿߣΧҲˣֱû·ţ
һոһϴϴͦ󷽣Ϊкӹˣû뵽һӾ˼ǿУȻģܿЩûֵһҾӣҲû취ӲǣҶԺһӲͷƤҲÿ
ҵѽⳡ棬Ⱦܣȴսǿסȥ·ϵĻӡ
ΧҪӡռǲܣҶ̧ͷԷ޼ǿ߻߸ǿߣԶԶԼܹƥеģǣԼԹǲܵġ
ҶŲţͷŹԼĹЩսõ˶ȻҲὫɱڣɽҰ֮Уǻʬ𼣵ĺõط
Ϊ˻Ψһս
ҶһѳвѳҶܣһ㣬˲̧ͷ㡢аˣϵıǸƾ˵
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аüë΢ά鸿գʱ׼֣Ժʵ㹻ԸҶˣҶȥЩɻ󣺡СӾȻͬʱٻѾƷ鱦ĳδҲ̫Ǯһ㣬ϵıԲ٣
СˣȫװƷ鱦ħսףҲܵס̫ϳϵȫһ
Ȼ㳤ֻʼһأһطѾƾǿֲӦþƿħս˰ɣԱЩǿš
޼ǿߵϣƣǿؿҶ޼ǿߣǼֱ
һն£ӰҶն£һ޿ƥеǿѹѹ£ҶվλΪģԲʮ׵ľʯ˲䱻ѹ촷ۡ
һնɫ䡣
ˣϴˡһɫ䡣


372 ս޼ǿߣ
оȽҶħսϹҶоһɰԵ׵ǽԼԭأȫ޷ƶֺħս׵ķ͸ƣԽԼѹ÷顣
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ҶԲ䣬ϽৡһӰأȥ
СƣҲϷ棡һΪģɨֻ˵һҶϽ󱻵˳ȥĵն䵽Ҷǰ
֪ϵħսܷ񿸵סʼǿߵһ˵ҶħսкüǾƷģӦûֵܵסģоǿµƣҶðա
춦Ҷͺһһֻ춦ವһ˳ȥѸٵر

ĵն춦ϣֻ춦һͬӰѸٵر󣬹âɡ
ʲôһĵն춦ϣ˵ǾƷ鱦ҲᱻնѣⶦȻӲؿסˣеľƷֵ
춦Χγһ޴УҪնĵȫսȥһ㡣
ÿµоԼеĸֵҪֶϽˣǼƷֵ˳
ಣ춦Ǿ޴Ķһǿޱȵײȥ
ԱЩǿ߶ô㶡
ⶦʲôȻ˿ɲ̫ϳҲ֮ƥУ
ҼˣϹ춦˵춦ǰʱڳڳֹ
Ȼ춦
һ֪Сӣƾ춦ȻԸʼǿ߶Կ˭õ춦ʵ
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Զһŵϴо̾ϴ޼ǿ߶ܿס
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ط㣡ͺһ˫ֶԿץֻһʱס춦
Ҷɫ΢䣬Ȼд˵طҶоһӴ춦춦ܵǹǣҪܿһ㡣
춦ǿҶΪ̫ͣ޷ʩչ춦
Ҷ̧ͷһһʼǿа֪Ǽһʲôʱ֣ŭһһɹϢ͸ǣ춦
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Һݺݵ춦µ˺ȵȫȡ춦
ȥԸǿȫĦȭƣҶ
Ҷһţڵһǿߣһȭһǿߺ˹ȥ
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زҽУϽ˻ȥֿˣǻǽƵýڡ
㲻춦ô㣡Ҷͺһֻ춦ͨȼźɫ棬Хײȥ
аһĻ΢΢üСӹȻЩֱ֣˷ʤԭΪһԶԸҶˣû뵽㾹ǱҶƵǱȻҶౣ֮Ҳѣ
طħצаһ͸ڿһֻ֣һƳҶץȥ
Ҷоһɿµϯ̧ͷһֻһֻ£ֱһ㡣
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޼ǿǰѵͺ޵ֿ֮ҶӿĲʣԼϵ׷Ѱǿ֮Ϊľһ죬Լˡ
ѵҪУҲҲ죡
ҪħսףûţҶһȫ͸һɹڵ˿Уڿһ޴Ľױʿǽױʿ컭ꪣһꪳаն䡣
ǽױʿʮףշ컭һն䣬ͬԶħһ㡣
ǺаȻһ˺˼֣һƺصһڽױʿը
ҶоԼһ𣬾аֹױʿ֮ʱץסҶľħצƺһɣҶͺһһâһ쳹أҶϿһֻ޴Ĳڻˣа
аȻɫ䣬Ҳʶ㲩ȴҲû˭Ρ
ԶЩǿ߿һĻһȻɫ䣬СӵʲôˣȻʩչ֮ȻĽױʿлȼźɫĲڻˣĪ𺳣ǶҶױʿͲڻˣ¶ҪĶӡ
һ鱻ĸǿΧȭƤҲǱѪҶаץס֣ױʿͲڻ˳֣Ҳеɵˡ
аĿһ۾ͿױʿвڻˣֻڰˡղһȫΪǽױʿͲڻ˵ιˡ
пãаĳƣأƾڽױʿͲڻϣȻըȴױʿͲڻȻըǱȴûоʹɢⶫŹ֣ڣһƾȻûɢ


373 ߶ħӣѹ
а֮ʱҶವһʩչ˾ħצն
춦ԶĿУͲѳڿ˲ʼǿ߻񣬲Զ߸һЩҶ𵴡
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аͺͻȻоһ˿̧ͷȥֻҶһںӡ
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Сӵжٱ
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СӼʩչˣͬʱʼǿ߻һ㣬Ҷȥ
ֻӶֵӰݺᣬֱа˫һɫìҶ
ʼϢ̺⣬Ҫ˺һ㡣
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ۿʼǿͬһ㣬ԼҶͺһۿռ֮öͬһһ㣬˳ħӡ
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Ҷ岻طգץסħӡ
Ϊʲô޷߶Ҵ߶ҶŭħϵĹâƺڹ
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֣аŭһеĳìݺݵسҶұ֮ϣҪҶſħӡ
һǿ͸ħս׳Ҷұ֮ϣҶұһľħӲ֡
ʼǿߵĹȻǿޱȣȻħսж˾ųϣʣµһ͸ħսףҶо˿ֲħսףҶֱֻѾһƬѪ
ħӣҴ߶Ҷ״شֻǿħӣ˵һâţҫ۶Ŀ

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ħӶ˶аͺҪħӶȴ޼µӡ
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ߣһȺת׼ߡ
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374 طڣ
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ҶħӿȥֻħӶԽԽңħṩ֧֣ħӾҪʧЧˡ
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˵ǻ½أǳһЩ츳׿ȱ裬½ؿʱҶûڣ˵һ½صȱһž޵ţͻƵ޷ľ磬߳ƣʱĳڸʢһʱλȱ뿪½ȥһطҲûгֹʢ˥
ҶYΪǧڶ½صˣӻ½ع֮ҶYԻ½һУֻδᣬһڵȻ棬ȴҲҶʡ
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YС㣬㻹ǸСôסδڵܱŮ˽Yߣһ˵
Ҷţڽ̵ôҶYҶ֮ͫһâεСмŭ
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ҶҶY鲻䣬ҲЩڳڣϵλȻΪֻһ߶ѣҶ٣ҲͿģ֮ԳūΪҶYǧΨһ½صˣҶYӻ½سһҶYĵλҶٻҪߵö࣡


375 
ҶжҶYȻҲֻѹҶY޸ٹݣǳںͲͲַҲ֮ΣһУҶY
ҶΪ죬һԵҶüͷһYС㣬̫ϳ˵Ҳ޵ҶǸСӣҿΪ𼶣ȴ춦رȻø죬Ժ󶨻ɱ֮˵ͻὫˮҳڡǻ־Ϊá
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ҶYĿضҶŭ߳ƾ㣬ҲҶңY˽ҶŴö񶾵Ҷң̲סˣЩ˵һҶҸ߸ϵҶ֮ǰڱ䳡ѹǣûô
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ҶYҶҶ˵ĶԻ˱䳡ϣ䳡Щ˶ҶY߿˹ǶҶYЩҶڱ䳡ѹȺΣҶҲƾǿڶˣ
ҶYС̫ˣ۹Ҷң쵼۹ǧ꣬ҶҾͻȻðһôˣҶҲ뿪۹
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ЩڵӵĻҶYúί۹ҶңԼĸĸ޸飬ΪʲôҪ˸ΪʲôûڳԼһµԮ
ҶYҪΧȫǳڵĵӣԼȻʮ죬˵ùôˣûб۹ҶңֻǿЩ˶Ҷҵ̬ȣ
ҶYҪһҪʱҶ߶ãҶߣԲκ˵ʲôֻҪվҶĺͿˡ
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˸ڴ۹ҶңҶеĹһڵϣصһֻϵʯѿɼҶʱķŭ
ԱߵҶҲ¶ŭ֮ɫ
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ҵҪ㾿ʲô£Ҷ𣬻ȣһȳҶϮ
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Ƿ˺ŵĲࡣ
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ʮˣǵελĸ飬羲ˮ
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Ҷ׋Y⣬Ȼһ̾Yһ˾ǶȻıģʲô飬ỤYȫģȻûʲôøУϾͬҶ壡ǲһʹ˶Ͼˡ
ڹҳ֮䣬һЩᣬڹŹҳڡҶٵؿ
᣿ҶڳڱˣҲôڳصһ
ڹȷʵᣬٹģҳ֮ˣˣԶҶͻȻշָҶ󺰵ڳǿߣҶѾ˵𼶶ѣǿǰϰĴڡ
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Ҷٿ˿Ҷֿ˿YҡҡͷڹǱʱˣʱڳ֮˶ˣ޹أڹ
ҶٵĻҶ΢΢һ㶣Ҷ٣ʱ򣬵еģȻûйԼҶǳʲôҶҶٵĿҲһЩת䡣
ߣˣ˵úڳŭһһεֱҶٶֻҶؿһŵŵŵ˼۵³һѪ


377 ԭ㣡
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ҶҶҲ޴룬ڳ콫ϣǾҲͽͰˡ
֣ڲһûɣǶ˵ϻмЦ
۹Ҷҵˣصûڳ͸ĿˣӲǺͣҶԹۣа롣Yվһȴûнڳ͸Լ޼ǿ߶սˣĻǿߣ
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Ȼ޵еģҶľһֱĴڡ
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ڳϣҲһ˿죬ҶᣬȻѹ֮磬ĪҲǿ߲ɣ
ҲʶңܸʶɣҶˮϵӿһˮϵɢȥ
ڳ쿴ҶеĲȻɱӶҶҧгݵصԭ㣡˲


378 
Ҷշ𣬳˶סˡ
СӲ𣿡
ֱǿǿߣ
ҶٵҲĸ⣬û뵽ҶȻն𣬺ǿ߶ţҶʲôѵ֪ǿߵǿϻǿߴˣԼĵһǰһһֱҶҵӵܣվǰ棬ĳ裡
ҶY̧ͷеҶСýģ֪ǿߵôһִڣҪ֪ڸղţڳǽڵĻɽ˺
ȻֻǲдεĻɽ󣬵ҲǲСǼʮϰٸǿߣҲ빥ơ
ΪԼҶȻΪڳͷҶYҧ촽ҶıӰҶһɽһ㣬ػ
ҶYȭͷѾʱ׼ʩչطԮҶˡ
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ҶYɫɷף߳һһ˿ɫĲ׼ʲôطʱ־Ԯƺ̫ˣҾ߶طҲǿߵĶ֡
Ҷٵһ˿Ҷ츳׿ôܸǿ߶ԿչӴ١
ʱڷ籩ҶȴȻ򶨴ݣһ˿ҡ
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ƾղŵĶԿоǸδ󺺵ʵѷɫԼҶԷûʹͻӦһĴڡ
ٳһ߿ȥֻһֻɫл˱Сǳڳȥ
䣡
һļսϿذһֺѹǳߵĸоǺ֮УƺаѰѸֵ衣
౵쳹
˿һĻֲľȫԾŴͣŵؿϿա
ԽԽ͸ҶҶҵˣʵһѷɫڳ͸ΧҶʱҶͻȻٻѷɫǿߵĴڡ
⵱κһԻڣ
˵֮ǰҶٵУҶֻôһ˿ӣڣǶҶһַĵľη֮ġ
ҶҶǸӰȴǰζӣǶôҲû뵽Լ꣬ǿޱȵĴڣ֪֮ǰĻôŵضԴҶ
ҶY̧ͷϲ֣ϵâû˻ȥǿ֣߳ҶģҶǳء


379 ʲô
ǿߺǿ֮ĶԿϿշɫ䣬׹ػĩվ
Ϊʲô˶ǿǰ㾴ηԭ
ΪȫǷ޷Ŀֲ
ڳطԽԽľҶµһ۷弶ĴڣǸڳ죬޷֮ƥУһЩߺҲǲС
ڳڽڰˣƾһ顢Сн񿹺⡣
һҶﻢҶʲôˣȻٻǿߣ뵽һֿܣĪҶһ
һ뵽ۣڳԶľѡһЩ¸ǿصĴڣڳԸһ۷弶ҲԸһڻڵ
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һ𣬻ɱˣִӻ֣ǺһҲں磬½ϣȻִĶ֣𷢺ݣڳ죬ձΧȥкýֻнҶɱǲлϣ
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Щٻѳ̣ڳĿȥ׹䣬Ѫ׷ɡ
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ΧסԼɫ࣬бҪִԶκһȺû˵ִ
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ںϣҶ㱻ɱǸԼܾ裬Ҫǿ֮ʱҶΪ̫ˣǸĶ֣ʨүҲûܻɱҪ̨米֣ˡ
ִˣ̨֮Ҳɱңʲôɱңִļ϶ȻŹ㣡ݱ˼ţ˵©ŷ磬ɫƴ˻
ִҶһΣһ죬һɱִģҶĵˣұɱ֮
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ҶҪնɱһǿߣִǿߣȻҶú޻֮ȫ߸ǵ֪Ҷǿͬһɽһ㣬ѹǴԭҶҵ꣬Ѵﵽ޷ľ磬ǾȻҶǾԼСһ㡣
ҶϽ󼴽ɱ֮ʣȴʱԶ֮УһֻĴǳ߸
˴󵨣ɱִ֮ˣ
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صһҶϽֻײҶХ
̫ϳϣңΪԼɣû뵽ؼʱȻ˾ȱ
ҶԶȥֻһӰ߼Ӷ£ݿ£Ż£
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ʼһأҲ¶ˣɱҶһ˵һ춦շɳͣתű󣬳ǵĴײȥ


380 ½
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ҵıը֮ڳڣڿҪΪƽأҺǹбģһڵȻɫ䣬ನɫ죬˿ֲĶԾȸղǳսҪ˸о𺳵öࡣ
ֱײը֮춦γһУըѸٵ˽ȥȼܵĻ档
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ִϲշû뵽Ҷţطħ֣֮ȻҶĴײҶȻҪɱ
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ЩڵĵӸоҶһ˿ɱͷȫһһ˸˵ڵҶֱһΪ
Уһ顢СнҲ׷׷Ϣ˲串ڵɽͷһڵӲһϢ֮С

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ҶһҶٵˣһYż㣬ȴȻԴǣֵ𣿡
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ҶСӹǸǬ鿴һ£ǬĿռǳ涫治٣ԪűҾǧöи鱦ƷľӶ࣬ʮһЩط鼮
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ط¼ݣËYһݣʣµĴҶȥɡҶ뵽鿴ǬֵҩҲ٣ǧöƷϵģʣµľһЩϵ伮֮Ķˡ
ǬһҶע⣬в֪ʲôɵģɫĻƣǲһı־
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򿪽Уһöɫӡ³Ҷǰöӡʮִͬ͸ʯһ㣬һӡµ·ֻйĲ֡
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ҶСӣⶫˮҾƣһַǳϧĲϣ̺żŨˮϵˮϵߴ档ʨү˵
õӡʱһΪҲӡʲôءҶЦЦ
ʨү˸ۣӡôĶôģ
ⶫǳֵǮҪһ򽣽ûʲô⡣ʨү˵
ôֵǮҶ֡
ˮϵ˳ͻͽһЩΪͣĳ׶ͻƵˣⶫǿʨү۸񶥵ϼƷ鱦ˡ
Ҷͷ˿öӡû뵽ⶫֵǮϧû˭ˮϵģYģƺһصľϵӡ˵Ҳûʲôá
ҶӡԼǾֹӡԼôһЩġ
ڵĵȫۼ˺ɽҶY£½ˡ
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Ҷǰ濴ȥֻYվڽƵıԵǴԼķˣ󷽵»Ȼһ壬칬һ㡣
ҶСӣ޸ǳոձһСŮϷһСˣʨүҶʼĽˡʨү٩
ҶЦʨүʱؾͻðһЩ׵ĻҲϰˡ
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Ҷ磬㲻ȥôҶYʵҶ˵ҪߣЩᡣ
ҾͲȥˡҶҡͷЦЦ½ǸƺӭߡҶָҶY˳ĳһɵŮ㴫Ŀ
徲ċYһ˼ӣ˵ˡ
û֮ǰòҪ߳½ءҶĵض
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Щ޵Ļֻʦ磬ҶĻ̫Զˡ

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Щֻеٲ֣ܹͬһ
ҶɽױʿֻߴĽױʿŭһ£еķ컭ꪺɨۣѪĽƬĻޱױʿķ컭꪿ɱЩ޲ҽţ֫ҷɣѪĽ
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ױʿɨ޵УȴûЩ˿η֮⣬ţϳҶĽױʿһֲĺХ
ױʿͣؿսҶ겻ϱġ
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Ҷһֻ춦ȼܵĻ棬·Щײȥ
գһֻֻޱ춦룬ڻ֮£ҽŻɻҡ
СʱױʿߣѾ˻޵ʬ壬ͬСɽһߣһƬݵɽȫ
ҶɺҶ诹һĻʱȫסˣЩɫĹʬ嵽ʲôôôࣿ
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Ȼ˴ĻޣҶһ˿ĸо֪طûĻ޳У޳һ·ȥǴׯСǳУҪ棡
ҶɡҶ诣ǵøϽȥҶʩչһ۹ӶȥҶɡҶ诶ˣںš
ʨү޳жĹģҶѯʵһЩõԤС
˵ˣֻҪ㹻ʳ᲻ֳͣǰֻطӲг֡ǰ޷֮ģһεĻƺЩŹ֣ԴȻԪűֶȻطжȻЩǲ֪顣ʨүҲΪǡ
Ҷüʨү֮ǰ˵һ仰ܶԣ޳˿Ϊ֮Ǹ˵ʲôѵִιһιǳǿĻޣ
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ڵҶȫ㹻ĲһǳˣܺķѶٲƸȷҶҵİȫ˵ҶɱȥҶеҵǣ۹֮󣬲ûп޳֣޳ûеִ
Ҷ֣ɽǱǳشӵЩǳػڽ쵱У裬ȫ׽ɫеֽĴѲߡ
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֪ҶҶսҲǼ
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Ԫ϶ɸһսҶʩչ廯һӰԶɽɽ۷ȥ
СӣԪͺһ׷Ҷ

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Ԫ޷ħˡ
Ҫɱȫңɱ㣬ûб³ħӣҶһһƵغħӡ



ǿֲףһɢȥҶϺɨҶżʹ࣬Ĥ˿˿Ѫ
֮ǵӻҶӵܣҲǸŶ䣬ʹ಻׷׳Զȥ
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ħӣȴ޷ƿ֣


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ҶһƺﵽԼܳܵļޣͣϢƬ̣Ŵ
ħ棬Ԫؽ֮ȥֲ֮УйܲƷĺ֮£ڵľѾޱȣΪҲǴ
ԪϹǲһޱȣǿ׳죬ڳҲǣҲǣҿ컹ŵվɽԺ˸ɽǵ˷ȫɱ⣡Ҷͬһ㡣
ԶڶǵӻҶӵѪڡ
Ժ˵ǵɱ
Ҷ棬ɱȻȻʮ￪Ҳûһ
С֣ǵΣҲһ꣬ƣССǵܹȵģȻɱңиĲֽٴ˴ǵٲԪȻǽ֮ˣȻʾ
кξ壬һɱһɱһ˫ҶüëһԪǲƺĲ
С֣һʱ飬ħôҵĶ֣Һްļƣ޲ɱˣԪʵŭ
ͷϧҶϢƬ֮һδλƣĻħϣֲٴ
ħӵУԪ΢ȥû졣
ԪֻʹթҶʹõҩ߶ħӣֱͷеҩꡣ
Сʱ
ҶСӣǼһѾˣħӰɡʨүԪ湻ҵģħӦǺܲܵġ
ʨү֪ҪԶԶǿԼҶħӶ£һֻħѸٵСֻаƴСҶϿȥֻʯ浱УԪڣѪ߰ߣڵϴڴڵشϢҶħ֮۾ϴ󣬲Ѫ˿ʹ޵صҶץǱϸڵȴӶϸûˡ
ҺްһˣһҪΪԪ𣡡ԪԹ
ԪǶ񶾵ҶܣϽԼǸ˿С
ɱҶȻޱȣȻǲһΣкξ壡
ҶԪһָȥ
ۣԪϳѪѪӿ
Ԫʵȥ
һʼص޼ǿߣҶĽ£
Ҷ߹ȥǰϸԪǬȻתȥ
һ顢СнһԶԪʬ塣
һ飬Ҹط˰ɣ鱮Ҷһµ
дʲô
һʼԪڴˣԺˣһҶкһ
ǣһȻ
սһԪ֮һصҶɽ֮С
粨ƽϢڶǵӵȴǾþòƽ
۷ǿߵľˣӳУҶԪԾ֮ʱǼޱȵսпֲޱȵж־ǿҵ
Ԫս߶ӽԪѹǸ꣬ǵ֮ǵϣ
һսǵս𣬳Ϊһڸ۹֮ϵϰ
ǣǵһԱ
ơааǶ𺳲ѣǵĿУҶһֱǿ󣬵ֱ죬ǲſҶʵԭһֱʵвҲѣҶδضǰ;
ǳ˼ලǳؽĽ֮⣬Ҳʼյ£ܵǵ벫һǰ̣һҪԼøǿУ
սƽϢҶɽָֻյľҶҵһӵǣʼר
Ϊ鷨ԭҲпΪľãҶɽطŨʮֹľïʢʢһ˼ɾ
սǲһƱزݣ½иĵǰ幫ˣ޷սĲҶսĸεصȻǳ֮ʯ£ΪͻƣѾﵽڣȻﲻҶʲôæ
ҶɽֲĴ֥Ѿµת£Աʱ֮裡Ҷǿľ޴ãʼҶĴ£
ס幫һ£ãȻǳ֮ʯҲ޷һ͡飬踸׺幫ˣҶ
ҶɽУµ˸˾ְǷ
ǵոճʵ̫ˣҶаţ֪Ҫʲô취ǵеȷסУǵسɳ
֪һЩ֣ʲôʱᵽ۹۹ʼĳڣҲҪʮңʮ֮ڣǵǰȫģ֪ʨǱߣ᲻ȻҶҲףܽϣڱϡ
ԪõǰϸҶ˽񣬽ڻη棬ûʲô츳Ȼʹϸϸ˽ȥսʱ³ϸͻϮ⵹Ҷе档
һ飬Ҷ׼һʺǿ͵Ĵ
ԪǬ򿪣淭
֮ĸ߼ҩǲ٣Ҷ淢ǳ֮ʯǳ֮ʯ϶ڳǱջȻ󽻵Ԫġ
ԪǬطżǲ٣мʮӣǳмطҶ׼Щطżˣǳ¼֮ʱԼҲһʺԼط
ףʲôҶһѹż֮УһĹͼͼ֪ʲô޵Ƥɵģ沼ֹͼΣΪء


391 ɨ
ʨүʲôͼҶѯʨүԪղػ治٣ƹǰռĶȫף͵÷Ѳʱ䡣
ʨүҶȻֻԶƤëⶫȴѲңӦĳص󷨣Ӵޱȣɹʮݡʨү˵
ɹʮݣѵǻɽ󣿡Ҷϲ𵱳ڳʱЩڵһ߶ķͼǱȳڵĻɽǿķ
ͨĻڴ󣬹Զ󷨵ˣݡǷ󣬲ҲһЩЧͼ½дš֣ӦǲһĻڴַ󣬻ֻҪŵĬھԵһͣڶôӵĵ֮Уʩչڴ⻤ڴǿɵǵΪйأɵǵΪԽǿʩչĻڴԽ
ܽĵס𵽺ܺõɱãӦ䣬ҵ򽣽һɱǵݣҶϲ
Ҷͼơˣȥݡ
֪ԪǬʲôöûУ˴ѹżܶ඼ͨϣ˶½ʷȵȣҶЩȫƽԼĻۿռ֮УЩеʱܹõϵġ
Щ֮ĶҶҲָҶҵһӵǡ
ҶСӣԪԾʱֻҲԶսǷҪԪʨүһЦĵ˻治٣ͷǣȻֻ۷壬ǿ񵶣ȴòϾҲӡһϼһ
֪ԲǵģʱӦûҶ֣ǵʵǿһЩܶԸˡҶȻʱǲҪ潻Ϊãһ죬ʰǵģ
һʱ֮ڣҶһֱɽ֪֮۹ɽͻȻǵһ֮Χ۹𶯣Ƿ׷ǲʹߣǻǵʾãʾ֮⡣
ȻЩ۹Χ֮ڣûо𣬶ִֵһǯƣһ㲻ֳ̫ƣҶȴûִö߽֮
һ֮󣬸׷׳ִԹ˲ϾʱɲԸһССĸոճǵ
ǵҪǿ򣬵Ҫȥ𣿡ҶһһǵĹ滮
ʱţһζ
۹ıһԲǧں̲죬һ޼ʣǲһƵĽ
Ƭ걻ƣΪĹƣ̤Ƭкܶ˵ǲһ֮أû֪һںĵĸطһЩ˾֮ʱԼԼĵĹڣɾһ㣬Ʈ֮ǱҲˣҲҽУΪһºпֲĺǡ
֮УһСϣ̨ͤ¥󣬹ɫӵĵӣǱźƮŨˮϵǵӰ֡
˭Ҳ޷󣬴˵еĲһȴʮĵӣ
ЩеǲѰ£ӤϣеǲһӵܡȻһֱķչȴǴδͣ͹ܹڵϵĵӣһŵ棬ǳš
ڳսԪǿΪڳ츴Ҳ۹Ϣڲһ֮д֮һΪ𶯡
ˣһûܹôʧ
ڳҲͰˣȻǲĹǼλ̫ϳǲĴˣԪͲһˣǿǼλ̫ϳ֮һʼص޼ǿߣ
ڶͷŭˣƲϣ
һһʼص޼ǿߣǳȫԺߣϲһʵǿᣬȴִһĳڣһǲԸǵģԪҲȥЩ
ԪȥΪڳ츴ʱ򣬲һļͷû˭Ҳû뵽ԪȻս
Ҫ֪ԪʼصǿߣǺηƲ
ǹ룬һʯͨЩʯиеͣÿһʯĶˣһӰ֮УƮ졣
ÿһʯڲһУǵλʯԽߣݵλԽߡ
ԪǸʯ˳
Ԫʯڲ֮壬Աߵĸʯʲ죬ȫڵġ
ˣһһӣЩžޣսǿߵĸ֣ܹƾĿһһҲ޷ʯ֮˵ݳࡣ
ȻɱҲһ̫ϳϣɱˣҲڣһׯϳϿͬ񷢳һ㣬òһĵǷ׷׹
ֳɱԪΪȻ˵Ϊᣬ±ЩʲôͷһԶƮ
ܶԷ˭ɱҲһ̫ϳϣ˳𲻹죡˵
ڵսսعǿף˵ǼˣǲһľͷÿһȨƣС˵ҡ
ҲһûгҲһĴڣ
ֳҿɼ˵һ֪֪˷ܰսɱԪҲһ϶ǲŹģҲҪƾʲô˵ΪǲǱָʹ
Ƭ̣šɡףǰȥ̽һȲ˽֣
ǣǿ߹Ӧಣ弲ȥʧ֮С

ɽҶɽ֮С
ľ֮£Ҷ֮ı仯ڵǳ֮ȫںˣóһǳ֮ʯգѾǳ֮ʯڵž˵ı仯
˿̵Ϊһ壬һҸεľ磬ҶΪҾ
ڤ֮ٶȱֿ˺ܶࡣ
ǳ֮ʯ֮£ҶΪѸٵͻƵ𶥷壬ʼ𾳽ƮƮڵ˿Уʼ˼ɱ䣬ϾҪˡ
Ȼǿȷ棬ҶѳͨڣΪη棬ȴǾڻһߣҶоԼǵһٽ㣬ϾҪͻˡ
ΧеһУѸٵسԶӡ
ڵʱҶĻͨҪǿܹܶ࣬ǧ֪ܹﵽԶҶһֱǰ죬һǧ֮⣬⡣
һǧһǧİһǧ
һǧ֮ҶڵһޣΧɨӱڤɽӹϻӹɽɽ۵ס
ӲڤĹӹڤ֮У죬Ҷ͵һ𵴡


392 ߣ
ǿϢ
ҶһݣоڤʲôµĶܵһĪսڤȥֻڤһţƺһ˿Ѫ⣬˿
ȻѾǿ磬ܵڤǿµϢ֮ҲǲҼ̽ˣѸٵرܿڤ
ڤ֮У֪ʲô²ԼĿǰȼܹģ뵽ЩڤƣҶţҪҪʨүһЩƷһ£һڤﵽʲô
ĵط죬Ǹɽ֮У޳ûܵҶѹ֮սսҶ
Ϣ
ӹɽ֣Ҷ֣ɽ۾ӵޡ廹治١
ÿһ۾ӵޡ壬һ߼ǿĴڣЩУһǿ죬Ҳʦʦ
ȻǷǳģ
Ⱥӹ֮ʱɽһСׯ棬һǿߵϢע⣬Ȼһǿߣ
곯Ǹǿ˹ȥִ˵һСɽ壬˿Ҳ٣Ǹǿߣһõ·
λǿģǼʵļ⣬沼˰̣ΪǱ˵ģλǿ߾Ȼһ
ܵҶӹǸǿ΢΢ü̧ͷա
֪λˣʨʨǿԵʮ侲˵У˸⣬ϡԸоǿߵķɡ
ҲʨǶֿҶӵܣǡƵĻ̽鵽ǰڣð֮뺣ҶûΪһİһ˵
һǿߣСɽ֮УһЩ԰ɣҶʵȻڴ֮ϣǵˡ
ŶȻ޳˻⵹Ƿǳϡ档ǿЦЦҶûʲô⣬Է˽䱸֮ģҽеۣһˡ
Щ棬ǰΪλڴˣҶʵ
۵һЦ֮УĶ׷ţڴˣͼ徲ˡ
ԭˡҶƺԸ˵ûм׷ʣϾǣ浽˵˽ܹڴ˴ǰҲԵ
Ե֣ЩʧЦҶ޳˲ѷɫĻĻǧҲԵûʲôϵ
ˣںδһ߶شһʵ
۴Ƶʣƺһɣʱʱ죬ַڲͬҶþ治ѡ
ֿ
ֿ˴һǧ֮ңˣĻ򵥰۷ǿߣҲֻܽǧҵķΧ΢΢һ˵
ǰˡ
˵ӦòССͱ˳ɾͣԺǰ;Ȼ˵ֿһ𣬺ǽǵѵйأ
ǵ֮Ҷ˵Ҫעŵ۵顣
ҶĻ֮ȴ΢΢һ
ǰϵˡҶֹһǿڴʱ˵ԼӦǱǿ˰ɡ
ˣˣ˼ڸ޷ƣҵһŴļգҪҿ԰һȽϲ鱦۵һЦ
ǰҪʲôҶʵ
ʱҪʲôǷһɣǵǿҪһ飬Ȼ̫Ϊѣǵû䣬͵ʲôû˵˵
ǰԴʲôƷ鱦Ҷüë΢ʵ
ƷӦû⣬˵ԴƷģϧϷΪǲȵܹ꣬Ʒ鱦ġ΢ЩһЦ
ЩҶȻһָо۵ͣӦòϿֻʮ꣬ǻ˷ǳˣ֪ʲôפ֮˵Ϊȵ꣬Ȼ۷Ϊ˵ǰһʼǿߣ
ˣΪ֮󣬲ڴӶܳҵģ֪ĳʲôġ
ϧϵˣҵΪ˼硣ҵҼͽܣϧСɽ֮У츳õĻ治࣬ˣǵ£ԸϷѧѧһ˵ţһ߼ش
ҶһϲҿԶһЩǵӹȥǰѡҶɡ硢ҶƽǣһЩʵɿǵӣȥһۣ˭лԵΪӰɡ
ţһ飬һЩϷѰѱɡ
лǰ
Ҷ뵽˴ǰ˾̵ܷǬҵǿʯȻ֪ʲôʯʱСȫһǿʯӡۣɼʯĲӰȣҲѷɫ
ҰźˣǰҶĻѸٵ˻
Ҷջ֮󣬵ȻڶشĿ⳯տһۣСɽ棬˺֪ܶ꣬Ҷ޳ܸ꣬ܲһЩ͸ı䣬ƽﵭȻһĳ죬Ǵ˿ȴһ⡣
û뵽һСɽ壬ôһ˴ڣ֪ΧطǷҲ֣
ɨȺɽûٷʲôˣǷһصأһƬɽ֮УһƬԲֵĻҶ꾹޷Ƭ֮УΧʬǱأ඼޵ʬǣıȽ٣ɼ˴˼
֮У͸һǿϢǹϢҶҲоһ
ƬĻ֮У֪ʲôĿޡ
ڻ֮⣬֪˭һʯʯʮֲˣ̦ϡԿ֣ϡԱϺǡ֡
ȻҶ֣ǶΧмֻͨڵĻ޳û̽Ž붾󣬵ǽţͷĲҽ֮ϵѪѸٵڻֻ¼ʬǡ
ⶾȻֱӽ޸ڽˣֲøޣ붾ԶԶģֻЩէĻޣ֪ηŸҽ֮С
ôﶼЩ޵Ӱ
ҶΣиһֲõԤУӶɨӹ󸽽һ֣棬ƺһЩĺۼһЩʯͷĹϼ̳
ͻȻ֮䣬һͺȴ
˸һʥأ
ѷɫ۷弶ĻҶӿɱڡ
˴Ȼһ޾۾֮أ߲֪ʲôһ壬Ȼ֮ҶһһսǲѷɫˣΪȴԣ
ⴳ룬ǿðλҶо۷弶Ļһ֮Լڽڰˣ޷ֵ


393 ˣ
˴֮޹˵ȣ뿪Щڣ
ڴ˴Щ߿¾ҪԼˡ
ԷԼ˵ϻҶֻý˻ֹͣ׷
ʨүʲôޣ𣿡ҶʵЩΪԵӣֻ۷壬ҶôţҶоƬ򣬻ôԼɵϢ
ߣССëһҲϹѪķߣʨүʵ
ҶԼ̽Բһǧ๫ﷶΧ߾۾ӵص˵һ¡
㲻õģֻҪ㲻ЩߣӦòǵ鷳ЩӦػĳʨү
Ҷ΢΢ͷЩۣƺɱܽһѷɫʨûУƫһ磬ӦһЩԭġ
һɿµʨƶǼԸǣ
ҶȻǵѾԲǧﷶΧڣЩڣЩʲôյأ˽úá
ûиķ֣Ҷɽصףֻصص¥߸ߵش߲ʹâҫص¥ǧףоŲ㣬ΰ׳ۣҶҪ̽ȴǱص¥ϵ߲ˡ
ԪǰȻҶص¥ȴ񲢲ԸҶ֪̽ص¥ܡ
ʱ䣬Խص¥̽һ
ֻǵûȫذΣҶʱ뿪ҶɽȣΪ̽ص¥Ҫʱ̫ˡ
Ҷʹ꣬ڲһ˿ϸ΢ı仯һطʼѸٵؿʼȫɱ䣬ϢϵΧؿռ䣬Ҷ꣬ȫ굱С
ҶȻۣϻڣҶоԼһµĲΡ
ڣ
ڽʵڣ
Ҷ˷ܲѣѸٵ˽ױʿģһĽױʿȴǰӸߴ࣬жʮ׸ߣ͸һĵϣǸ˷컭ꪣͨȼջ棬ϻ
ױʿͬԶѵľˣӵɽĿֲܡ
ȻֻڣҶţԻκһҲܹһ֮뵱Լڵص¥ʱֻǱɨһۣŵûð亹ڣԼǺǲվͬһˮƽˡ
Ϊ֮춦Ҳ
Ҷı仯ܲѡ
һʱ䣬Ϊ𶥷壬ϾͿԳ𾳽Ϊﵽھ磬ٶȣˡ
һ;˵ҪθΣķ磬ûҶʱ䣬ǾΨ;
ҶϵΪǵһ񣬶ȲƽС
Ҷɽ֮УʱҶӵϰ似ĺ
һپ
һۣǹ˰ࡣ
Ȼڽ֮УǳԱߵļɽ֮ϣǵӣʱһЩ޵Ӱӹ֮УҲʱʱһЩӥ֮ķ޷ɹ
Ҷɽв˺ܶ鷨⸽ļɽŨʱƣֱͬɼؾһ㡣
ҶɵʮҶָʾ֮£ҶĿʯǰ۶Ҷɵ˵츳ӣҶɵȫΪ˵ӣҶɵ˱㿪ʼ
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ǰǿʯôҶʵ
ʯϡغӦÿ˵ģһѹͷ󵶣ҹЩغһЩӦÿԴһصԼǧң飬ƷǵƷġ۵
Ǿͷǰˡ
ҶһɨҶɵ˶רעЩӣǰա
ҶĻһЦҶյģǾȥȽϺã϶ࡣ
ǰ˵ǣǾǰĥǡҶһЦͷ
ЩӵУҶļˣȫǳ׿ϵҵĹҲǿϲ٣ڹ棬ûʲôܽˣΪһЩطһڵġ۵
˵ģӦ׵۾ˣ׵۾ȻܹͨģҲ
ҶƬ֮󣬽˻
Ҷջ֮ʱԶ֮һɺɫ޳ɽĻ󣬾һ󲨵Ļޣֻȫʮ׼ҵȽײǺܸߡ
ǵɽһ󲨻ޣʮ֮ϵĵӣȫǰɱҶ۾ȵƬɽ
ʮϵĵһػޣƴȣȥ
콣õĵӣߣ
õĵӣߣааһƵ
õĵӣߣһ£ޡ޷Ӷ𣬻ǵ֮ʵΪǿһãޡ޼ֱա
Ⲩ޳Ƚ׽ϸߣҶ϶Լ֣ɱ඼ֻʮ׵ĻޣҶ㲻ˣǵĵһ°ɡ
ʱƣ޳ֵƵԽԽߣֵĻԽԽ࣬һޣԻһͨ۹Ҷе֮磬λҵĳ
ɵǰ۶۽аǨУǿϧֻǳأɲ۹аգҶģֻôˡ
Ҷ곯ɽȥǵһ󲨻ǿսˣ⽣Ӱɱ
ҶʱעһУǵգģǱȻҪɱܳΪǿߡ
ԵһСɽ֮ϡ
һӰŶһũ˵ͨװԶսȥ
ǵһոս
ҶעսͻȻܵһǿߵϢѸٵسΧ˹ȥ
ڴ˴ǵҶһϢѹ¡
ǿ߸ϽתѹԿֵһɢߣڴ·ɫ˱䣬ҶѹĺһЩ͵ĸо
ȻҶֻڵΪȴǸͨĻвͬ
ҶһǸǿߵϢϵϢһϤĸо
һˣ̽ǵ̽ǵʵ𣬺ߣҶһߣȻһߴĽױʿһƳǸǿ¡
Ǻӣ
ǿ˲оû뵽Ҷ˵־Ͷ֣ɫ䣬оҶһʽǺ̺ܹԿġ
սף
ǿʩչһе似սף϶ʱһɫļУҫ£ɢĿ⣬лסһˮϵ
ƾսҲֵҵǺӣƣҶͺһֻϻͬ췱һ㣬Ǹǿߣͻ˲ս׵ķ
أ
ǸǿϸѨλ׷ը۵³һѪһ˿Ȼ֮ɫÿµĻ似


394 
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ξˣʨүһЩطҪõطϽʨүСĸʨȥ
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ҶǵҲѱֻԼкܶԴʹá
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һСʱ֮ҶѾϿգԶȥżǧֻʦϵĻ޾ǹĵ۶˼ҵĻսľ˲ء
һ·޳ûкܶ򡢳лΪ˷棬Ȼ۹ĵйȥıϾ޹ա
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Ҷױʿһƾ£ֻޱ˳ȥ
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ҶŶʮңԼߵš
λ£ź⵽ǺʵԶһȹâֱ޷ۡ
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Ϲ֮ʱűҲǿޱȣģȴǼ٣֪Ǻ֮еǺϹǴ̺ܸоԲ򵥣
ԽԽʢǾҵ𶯸һؼѵĴ
ЩûбɵĻޱŵɢӣЩ۹ˣҲ׷ɢԶ롣ЩԱҲǱӡ
һɹǿϢ߷Ӷǧ֮һЩˣҲˣǱﻹǳٳûг˶ڻ
ʮǿߵϢнݺᣬЩǿ߾ҶҲӦвǹҡϹѪˡ
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֪Ǻ֮ܡҶľѣԺеķɵ˲ۿռ֮е춦ħӣҲ˾ҵطӦ


395 
ӷɵķӦﶨȻ򵥡
ҶƺоصʲôðԽǽӽ棬ɵ춦ħӵķӦԽңܻ档
ϿյĺƣԽԽŨңÿ϶оһϢϢ
ȫŵؿǱߣǵÿһ˿仯ĳӿ
𼶵ǿߣ˾󣬿ǴҴ
¡¡һ죬ֻһųȵĺ⣬˵ر˲ʱķѣΪɫĹţ˷ȥ

Щǿȫ׷˹ȥ
ҶСӣߣʨүе
Ҷɫһݡ
һ顢ëСߣҶͺһһ顢Сͽ񣬳ԶӶȥ
һǿֳһɫץȥ
ϹҵˣǸǿ¶˷ܿϲ֮ɫͻȻ֮䣬оһɿֲٶʵ̫ˣӦ
Ǹǿ߷һĲҽУ˲䱻ɣ˻ҽ
⼸һҲɣҶһĻ¶˺Ȼ֮ɫÿֲĻϵȻǿߣ֮Ҳ˲仯Ϊ˷ɻҡ
˾ĻϵʨүҲƽﵱ治򵥣ʨү̾
ɫŷɳ֮⣬̺ĻϵȥĨ⣬ҹٶȿ羪衣
̺ĻϵѾˡҶʩչԶ׷ӶȥСëһ飬ȥ׷Ǳǿ飡
ǣϴ󡣡һӦ
Ҷ磬ԼСġСص
Ҷ׷ӶȥСһ׷һߡ

Ҷ׹֣Ѹٵسһ׷ȥ֣һһҲβǵ֮
ǸȻйһ֮Ե
ת˲ץǵ⣺κ˸ɱ
ΣܲҵңԶǸһײһҵˡ
ȥɣҶаһӰǵȥ⡣
ҶҪһǸǿߣһֻ޴ǣҶצһƻ¡
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Ȼ˰ƣŭ󻯳һԳҶĽױʿ
ߺߣҵĻױʿУͻȻһ֣ʱʱ޵ӣ֮ʱû
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Ҷüëһһ춦תŷײǸǿߡ
춦ǸǿߴʧɫԼЩ֪춦ңңĳһƾ
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һɢ춦ȻȥƲײǸǿߡ
ۿ춦ײǸǿ߸Ͻһξ룬ֻǵǼԶȥ
Ǹǿ߶Ҷ裬ۿȥż֡
ҶʱҶĻΪɵۿҶԪʼǿ߶ѹˣʵҶĶ֣ԼŵϹϷʱתͷȥ׷ģҲѾ̫סҶ˵
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Ǹǿ߶û뵽Ҷתܣٶô죬׷֮ʱǱҶһ
Ҷֽǵץ־һ齣ƬԼĪֻаƴС⽣ƬͨѪ쿴һŻ棬滹һ˿ȵ¶ȡ
ԭϹһѽѽƺǷֳݣ
ܣǸǿ߻Ҷֽ֮ɫ׷Ҷ
ⶫˣҶһЦʩչಣѸٵʧԶ
Ǹǿߺ׷Ҷת˲Ѿܳ˺ԶǣҪ׷ȥȴǰױʿնֻܷ
СʵɺޣҧгݣǶҶʵɵηҶĴܴڣ͸Ҷǵˡ
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ҶͨĽ壬֮еӹƺ̺ĳصӡ֮Ķ⽣ܣ²ֹˣֻʶǳˡ
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֣Ҷͷһ¶ŵɫԪ
ص¥ԪǰԪųǡԪűҡطѽӦýʲôԪ
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еֹҶʵ벻ףʨүҲ˵Ԫų֪֮١
ԪųǵǸʲôģΪʲô˾ĻûΪʲô֮Ԫųйصı
Ҷ˼⣬ֻգȻ벻ͨͲȥˣЩܹ˵˵һѡ
²⣬ֵԪųصıԲ٣ӴǱɽһǰˡ
ҶЩһ齣ƬҲںϳһͷһʹãе㲻֣һıѾõǰڴ쵱ˣʹҲʣʵȴֻǴɱ֮ѽҶԼŽ˻ۿռ档
ͷǿգҶвЩпƬǿ֮ɱ¾ϣȻǴڼ˯ʱҲ˯ȣǸǰƽѡĻҶԲ硣
ȻѡǾֻȥη壬ǿǿܴﵽ۷壡ҶȻնһɺǿϢܵĿռӶȥ
ɽҰǵӣܵһǿϢϢȴƺǵϢΪһ塣
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ǵӵϢϢںһ
ڿոҶһ꣬ɽҰͬеǹһ㡣һĻޱ档
ЩǵӵϢϣںϵ֮Уȥһ˿˿ǿĸоͬĻԼںһ㣡ЩǵӵϢ밢ĻȣС˺ܶࡣ


396 ۷
ҶתͷųϢЩϢ˷ԲʮķΧ
һڵǵͻȻһĸоǷתȡеϢǵϢУһЩɱ䡣
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ҶȻͷų˴꣬ΪɵԴԴϵز䣬ûиܵһ˿ƣۣڶǵںϵʱҲõ˴ȵǿ
ԶȥɽҰ㣬ҹеķǣǿǿÿһӵʵ
СһǿģңԶҹһųȵĻѣơааȾѷɫһЩԼҡεһյαҶˣҶɽΪܼĵطһڵӣɢڴϵļǡ
ۣҶɽ֮УͻȻųһѤĹâҹлǣ漴ȥȥ֮Ҳаа൱
֪˭ˡҶȥ־ȻΪѪͳĹϵ׻֮Ϊ죬Ǵﵽʦ磬Ȼֻǵʦ磬ǿȣȴƵ˻Ҫǿöࡣ
ǿȲʵйأ츳ҲкܴĹϵ
ۣۣۣҶ֮£ڰ֮һһâ
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֪ʱ𼶵ǿߣҶţܵͷų˸ϢЩǵա
һ֮ǵҶңֲӿ֣һ磬ﵽڣС츳ȽǿһЩϾҪʼ۷徳ˣơааˣ඼ͻ𶥷徳磬֣ʮλ
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ҽˣڽˣʼһ鼤ѣɽ֮п񱼣йеĿϲ
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ϴҽˣһҶ
Ѿ֪ˡҶ΢΢һЦһʼѧ˼ʨүڵطͨʼһصĸ֣ӦҲһս֮ˣ
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Ϊһˣ۷壿
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֪֮˴ӰĹؼʲôҶе¡
Ϊﵽ۷֮󣬽ױʿսɡ
Ϊ𶥷壬ֻһ㣬ò˶ãͻ𾳽硣ʱΪһЩΪҪһһۣΪÿһķԱȽϴһЩ
ϣһ߲ʹ⻪޹Ӱ֣ౣһֻڻڿն
ֻڻͨ屻ɫĻչмʮףΧͷȵ¶ȣҪΧһȫҽ
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ⲻڻˣһƬëĲڻˣʷĳ֮С
֪ԼΪʲô˸У̫Се㲻̫ףѪϵĻӰ죬ȴУĪضһ˿˸е
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Ҳ۷弶Ĵڣ
ϬȻϬͷϬȻֻһнҲ˲ˣȻǸʱ۷弶ĴڣʵĶȻͬ졣ʱʨүҲΪ֮̾
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ǵһڵͷеĲڻ˺ϬȫѪڣѡ
ơааˣһҲƽǸҶʼǵ֮ʱôҲ벻ǵһۺʵʱƣҶһ֮һǵʵ÷ɿ죬иһֽȵѹҪǲϽʵЩִ£Ҳûȥˡ
Ҷ̧ͷ죬ԵеʱԼֶһЩơ


397 ħ
һʱ䣬ǵǳڽ۳ǣǧˣʵĳǽȫɺʮףɢĵĺɫ
ǳأҶЩпǳأǰǸ磬ûле£Ȼ궼޷ɣͬÿһ֮£Ϊǿ׳һЩ׵ģ𼸰ٽľʯ׾٣ԽĽȷǳ졣
һǵӵĻ֮£ƽǨӽǳ֮С
ǳأǵδ׳Ļʯ
ʱǳ֮ĻҰ֮УѾǳΣˣֻ޳ûһЩʦʦĻ޾޳ϯǳأҰûһʮ׵ĻޣҲ٣ǵࡢ޺ޣȳһԵһС
޳ͨ۹Ҷԣһ޴ѣǱٵĳкʹׯһƬ裬ⳡѾ½ࡢޡԻ޵¾ʱֻܾ۾ʵĳǳءƧɽ֮УĿǰ֮УΪʦģκһֻҪıӻһ㶼ûʲô⡣
ǵǳ֮⣬Ȼд޳ûҲżγһ޳޷ǳصķ
ǽʣǽ֮ϸǲֳǷȹûܹƣֻռ˳ǽ֮
Ҷû뵽޳Ȼӵ֮죬һ֮޷ͬȳһĻޣվǵĳǽϳԶtɽغݵ֮УʳеĻޣЩ޲κܿ飬һ˴ʳ
֪YôˡҶԶһ˿ǣȥ۹޷뿪޳˵һЩֻҪм򣬻ϾͲ⣬Ҷĵǣ֪һĸ֣᲻һǹԼڣҶҺǵ֣֮
ʦڼʦںηºԼԼǰ۹ǲ۹ĵ۶ǣҶɵЩҡ
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Ҫȫûпܣ
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һɽ֮ϣԶǻ֮ǳȺӵĻޡ
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ȷʵЩΣֻͨطûǾ⣬ҲȽ٣ΣǾȻϯ½ѪľеԵɣ²ô򵥣ϣ֮вִ̫ϾĻޣ½Ѳ˱ˡ
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⻰˵ѪԼţǿз˲̫ϾĻޣͨӿˣЩ̫ϾĻޣûʵʵشУ
˵ǵȾ۳ǣгǳؾúλ޳֮ʱȻûʲôʧĥǵһֱĻ˴޳ʧ˲أǵȴһ¶ûУܲƣ
޳֮ǰ׼ҵȹڴĴ⣬Ĵ£ǳҲˡѪ
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ڻ޳ûšȫ˲أܶšҸǷ׷ӿ˻ʳ֮У۹һͬӦԻ޳Ĺҿʳǵĳǽ㹻̣ס޳Ľ
ڶʮ֮ǰһǵһЩѶϢ׼ǲǰɽǵҶɱû뵽޳һҲܵһЩͨˣ׼Щȫ˻ػһ
˵һܲڼĵ֮Уȴû뵽֮УвˮϵˮϵĻ޽Увһιǵĺɵһɶʼһĵ죬⼸ĵһ˷ǳĽƣЩҪϵˡ
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ҶɽǳԼ򽣽Ĺ֮£Ȼ˼С޳Ƕ˳ȥҶɽѹм󣬻ʱǲܹýġ
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ڵĴׯӦѾ޹ˣҶһðѵǵһǵλǿߣǶһλʦ
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ǰҶֵԵʮֿǫۿɲʲôͨǿߡ
ڼˣϴίҴѾˣ㿴ô۵˵ͷûиҶ˵Щ׻ֱ⣬Ǭȡһͨںڵص˸ĵĺɫ
صһңԼĪƿǧϣ޽ʵأɱˡ
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˵Ʒ鱦Ʒ鱦ֻһߣ˵Ĳϣǿغ֮⣬һ˲ϡвϣȻԵƷ鱦Ҳѷɫ̫࣡۵һЦ
ǰˣлǰǰʲôҪæСǡҶһոսʼּƷ鱦صսֱһΣ
ʱһСһ߽˻۾صϣҲƲˣܵصǹǿϢСպʺ
˵ħȻЩأϵӡӿ硣Ʒһ̧ͷ˵


398 Ϯǣ
ħȻأӿٶȴ
Ҷ̧ͷһ飬΢΢һЦһ飬ѵרΪģ˵ţħֶһ顣
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һϲѣо˷ħǿ顣
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ллϴ󣡡һϲѷħǰԼһ㡣ǰȻһƫƧɽ˴ĻֱһУö죬ļȱƷ鱦ħֱΪģ
۵Ŀһϣ΢΢ЩͣȻֻ𼶵Ϊǰڣһ۾ͿһһʼǿߣҶƺҲˣʲôֶΣȻһʼǿĸԸϴ
˴ǰһһ󡣡ۿҶ˵
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⼸Ǵɽӣ׼˴˲û뵽ͻȻϮׯֻôͶڴˡЩǣֻܷǵˣֻҪڳиǰŸסпڷԱɡ˵Щסһ𣬻Щġ
Сһ׮ǰģֻҪǵڣЩȻȻǡҶˬشӦֻǰô񣬶ټǵԣ㲻ʲôֻǵۻﻰ͸˼Ҫ뿪Ҷʵǰкδ㣿
׼Σ̽޳ԴüһĨɫ˵
֮޳ʵЩŹ֣ǰһ֮Ҫ޳ԴʵЩѣǰǵǵȻʲôϾôӣԴӸò鱨֪ڳֵĻʵȽҹƣ޵вԼ̫ϾĴڣһǳ֣ǰһ֮Ȼ޷֮Կһ޳ԴҶۣϿҵ˵ǰ˼
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СӲҶͷ
۳Ĭã޵̫ϾĻޣ飬Ͳܹҵˡ𾳽磬ڻһЩˣսҶĲ̽޳Դǵ˵ܰﵽҶ
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۳˽̵ѧ֮⣬ҶҪһЩϣ޵Ļǵȵȣ׼ǵ켸߼鱦
ǣÿһٶסľɫ۵ǵд
ҶǵƶʮĹ涨ֹǵ񣬷ɱ⣬Ը֮Уûзǵյ
˸տʼ޳Ŀֻ֮еİƽǵǿǸܵһ̤ʵİȫУ֮иҵҲʼԾ
Ȼ֮д˷ǳʳΪ˳ü飬ÿַʳ࣬ʱƣһЩǿʼ֯飬ǰ֮̽Իޡ
޵ʬõʳܹ֮⣬ʳ޵ܹΪЩ޷ͨˣ˻޵֮Ҳˡ
޵ԳԣԴеԪűҲǲĺöȻǲ֪ԪűʲôãԪűҿԴǵｻܶණҩ鱦ϧҩݵȵȡ
ʱƣ֮пʼ˺̶ܶСӣЩСӵ㼣ɽ֮⡣
ȥɱһǳΣյ飬ܶСӳȥ֮󣬱Ҳûлˡ
ȻһЩʧЩߣΪ˴ȵЩ֧ţǵʵǿȡĻʬ壬Ҳȵǿͨǵʡ
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˳һģһвֱ̥࣬
ЩߣҶǰ̽ߣ
˳Զȥֻɽߵƽԭ֮ϣ۳ǿȻԶŵˡ
˴Ӧñǵˡһ˵ϵűǻͷƤڣεͫףĵĹ˵е
˴λ޳һ˲أΨǵӵ۳ǣûһˡһ壬۳ǣڽ޳֮УҲȻᰲȻһΪߴĵеϴ
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ǵƺҲֻһѣ˵ʵҪɱ򵥣ƲƲǵЩмһˡ
һ۹ǧ֮ã˲űΪ߰ӴʨҲҪü֣ǵҲ֪Ǵðģ
ԶһʮСƽԭ֮Ϸһֻޣ׼֣ͻȻ֮䣬лһߣ۾ͬͭһǣǵŻˣûǷ񱼡
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ҿܣ
һһ㣬Ѹٵ׷ȥɺţ˾
þûгԹʵˣ޵ȻΪʴֲڣǱȵ˻˻źţɫЦշ𣬳ǷХȥ
Ƣԣˡ˸ں棬ȻΣûл̬
ɵһ֮ϣԽԽףֱһյĸоǿֲĵһľۣ·֮е࣬ͬһС޴롣
ϲྪʧӡ
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ǵӣȥ£еϮָһǵӣ̧ͷǾߣѹӶһҪĸоǵһ˿ֲľߣ˵ˣôҲǼôηôһЩ侲ָһǵӼ˻ڴ
еİŻˣͯĿյľߣвӿһ־;


399 
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ҶΨһϣǼᶨҶǴʱѱ˵
ͷУЩȻſ־壬Ǵ󲿷ˣȴó׼սܲκ࣬һı壬Ͼսûˡ
࿴ı֮󣬾Ȼָǳ죬һܵơ
ǵĹƨأôүҵĶӶˣŷصĿɨЩۼһ׼ʩչʮսĵӣߺӵصһȺϣȻҲүۣ
ҪЩǵӵʱϴ˽ֹˣ˷ɵ֮Уն
ǳأһӹˣʲôǵңֻҪЩֵİ£ÿ칱ʮͯͯŮʳãҿԱƽݡϴĮ˵·֮еһĪ
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һǵǺܺڣŬʱ򣬾ͳ˰ϵ⣬׸λٶĴڣܹƥеġ
ǣԸվҲԸŻ
ǵĳǷ׼һǿߣһǿߣЩǷȫӶ
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ʵϣϿյʱҶѾǣҪǵҪʲôųٳûг֡
ȻҪǾΪУ˳˵⼸·ϣɱеļߣǲ̵ģ
ҶѸͬӰεľ޽һ㣬նȥ
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׼ûҶ֮صʱһǿӶղȣѷɫɼҶȫûˡ
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ҲǵĵţһλᣬҶԭ
ҶûԿȻûˣͷһ٣ҶĻΪһţ߰ǣ裡

һССǵҲһ壡
Ļ͸ߣҶڵɽײȥ׵ľߣĳײɽ彫ữΪ촷ۣҶɽȽڣ
ߵĻ쵰Ǹң
ಣӰ𣬷ֱСһ飬һӶŷħһȳǰ棬һ£һǿĵն۵һľߣһնأɢС
۵³һѪֺȻ֮ɫʼǿߣ
ʼǿߣȫ𾪲ѣٲǰĿ֣ʼǿǰҲǲ
ҲǵĵţһЮױȵƣһ׷ӶȥСͽ
ǵİջǵǣȻҶģϾֺǿЩû뵽ԭޱȵŽһغϾͱסˣͼλǿԶԶǵ
ÿԸҼҶֻԶһھ޶Ǵвͣתȼźɫ棬ԽԽ
ײвмصһƶҲҵȣľһβͳǴ˦˹ȥһβǿޱȵһβɨɽ壬ɽ彫ᱻϡ
Сһ壬ҪǸѪĴۣŭһȻޱȣȻ꣬ûκһСǣ
ߵβҪƿա
䣡
βɨھ޶֮ϣǾװľ죬Ҫ·ǳһ㡣
ǳǺιޱȣȻĺпܱ
صһľߣǱ޶һɢı۵һ³һѪ޷춦Ȼ˰Ե
ֵһֱޱȣʨƿصʱʨֱ֮Կ˴ǰոǵȫʤȯգû뵽ԷͻȻһʼǿߣһڹֶˡǻںޱȣԼˡ
գҶͺһֻ춦Ѹٵرγһ޴У塣
춦ХʧɫԶˣϴ϶ʼǿ߶Կ鲻ֻܶǷ춦
ߣ忴ľ޶굨ɥ


400 㣬ɱ
ܵٶȣȲ춦
һ춦ײĺ󱳣۵³һѪĺϣһƬڵˡ
ǵһǲݣŭ⣬Ҫݡ
ǵݣ˵ɣҶһ߶춦ɶȥǷЩһļһߣرԸ񣬶ڷŻɽ
춦ɿ׷壬ͨڣǶ֮γһתУವһ˽ȥ
еĻҵȼţ巢Ĳҽ֮
ҳȥһ岻Źģڻ֮£״񣬿ˣȻûҶĵ˼ڷźݻ
ҶЩһģڸģȻҪǵҲȻǡ
Ҷһֻ춦лȣҽصغ춦Ҫ춦飬춦ϾϹܹƵÿģ
༸һ״ɴʧɫⶦʲôȻ׾ͽ˽ȥһǻ޳Ǹ׼ûҲûռʲô鱨춦һ֪
صһ֮ʣһһʣµҲǱСͽ޷
춦ȥľ֮µҶָһֻ춦ವһ
֮ǰΰһһˣ춦ҲǴʧɫϽҪݡ
ӣûôףգҶͺһֻ춦УγһУವһ˽ȥܣ
춦֮УתǾ޴Ķףشͨȼܵĺɫ棬һɹȵӿ
ʣһĻɫˣ춦ʵ̫ˣ˽ȥǵĲҽ֮춦вϴ˻굨ɥ
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Ҷһ㣬ֻöҩշ𣬳Ҷɽȷȥ
ϴ϶ļ״޲ɫұ䣬֪ѾöҩҲͬˡ
գҶͺһ춦ʣµ߷ȥ
Щ쵰һǾԲŹǵģؽͼСͽ񣬱Сͽ㿪ˡ
ಣӰ춦֮С
춦ڿתһ£ԶҶɽзȥ
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ҶɽУһҶӵҲڹսһѹ˷֮࣬иǳ𺳣Щ˶֤ҶӾϵĿһԽԽǿֱڣȻһλ֣
ΪĽȣǳԽǵٹ꣬Ҷ޷󳽶ɳ̶ֳȡҶпοҲ޾ԺҶҵĽ
Ҷս΢΢һЦԶľµӰһ˵Щģ
ҶңҫҶս૵˵ţͻȻЦˣЦúܿģһ˺ܶࡣ
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Сһ黹нĿתؿҶĵĵҩǿˮˣֻŵһ˿һȫë׶Ҫſĸо
úģСˮδΣԲĹĵСӹؽһ
С;ëһһöҶЦؽҩ׸Сͽ񣬿һһҶûУһ飬ǵΪⵤҩǵ÷ǳޣܷӸáҶ׼ʣöҩµ޳ԣʣµöҩǿߣ
Сͽӹҩ콫ҩȥⵤҩ춦ƣ̺һȫľȵҩӿʼչҩȥˡ
öҩ˵СͽͻƵ۷壡
Ҷ໢ѸӰױ˹ʱô굤ǳ֮ʯǳ֮½ͻƵʦ磬öҩ˵һͻ硣
ôöȥ츳õһͿҲýˡ
໢ѸӰױҪöҩ»Ҫü졣
Զ֮Ĵ֮УֻɫǳԶԶҶ춦ѹǶ¶Ȼ֮ɫû뵽ǵȻô£׼ȥͻȻ֮䣬ǵĻصرֻɫȫص˵ϣҲûϢˡ
Ҷ΢΢һƵķΧ֮ڣҲ뽫ϢδҲ̫Сˣ
ǵԽԽ࣬ҲҪ಻ס˰ɡ
֮ĶԹҲýˣ
һȻǵʵѷɫһЩѪһǿ񵶣ò
Ҷ΢΢ԼǰŸʨʨӦѾյˣʨʱҲܵ˻޳Ӱ죬һܸϹܹʨһԸʤʹܶˡ


401 
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ǵǱߣϢѪʵһʱ䣬޳ԽԽܼѾȵе㲻ͷˡ
£ǵ˾ȥ̽Ϣ£ȫɱˣûһСصΨλ
Ѫüͨȥ̽ϢȷʵѶ̫ˣ׵ظ֪ǵڣǰȥּΪףһ֣ʧһλǾ͵òʧˡ
ѾܾûǵϢˣߣ˷ֶΧ
ѪĬãǵе̫ˣܵ˾޴ѹǣƣ޷ڳǵٳɳ꣬ҪΪĸ֮
ȥһţ׼ƽǵȥʣǲһǷԸңѪǵɱ˲һôˣһܰݣһֹܹһʼǿߣټԼѪкܴİˡ
Ѫ֪ǣǵҶʼǿ߶Կ֮⣬һҲʼǿߣСͽڣ۷嶼ֻһ߶ѡ
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һ̣Ҷƺᵽһȫµľ磬⣬ּ˼֣
һǿ߽֮ѵģǶһ壬ͻʼ硣Ҷڣǰֻ˳ȥǰһܿżˡ
Ҷ۾ųһ⣬˸Ԫѹȡ
ⲻܣԪŭӣһѣôѿɽƣ
񷣡
صһҶھ䡣
ŭϣ
ҶһƾкȥأԪĽϵǱҶ˼֡


405 󣡣
˲̨һĸ󻼣ԪɫȻֳֻһֵҲ㹻һǿ׸ѹˣû뵽ҶȻסˡ
ȫħսףϻڣͬһսһҶƾɢԪŭˡ
һҲڱǰţ㣡ԪŭһɸΪҶȥ
Ҷʱоһɾ޴ѹǰҪֹ
ѹ֮£ҶҲû֮ǰһȫ޷
ԪͷŶлһ֣Ҷȥ
ҶһƾҲֻֻһüֻһˣ
Ԫƾͬɽ룬ѹȹǿһɽҲᱻ˲顣
ǿѹҶ˿ȴ쳣侲һӡӡ֮С
ӡնҶһӡĽƺ˹ȥ
Ҷӡ֪ҶҪʲôԪһȻ౦Σһ֮ɵľҶȥ
ۿǾץ£ҪҶΪƬֻҶͻȻʧԪɻҶôͻȻʧˣûüӦֻˡһ춯շ·Ҫ˺һ㣬һޱǿӡΪģͷ˳ȥ
䣡
ըµĳȻɨһС
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Ԫľǿǰһݿһ㣬˲
Զǧ׿ĸԪоһӴĳɨȻɫ䣬æתط
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Ԫƺһ˼
ЩôԶɳУֻһЩ˶ѣ֮ЩǿߣȫûиԪǰǿΪɨ֮󣬷׷׿Ѫɡ
Ԫŭӣ֪ǷʯͷӡʲôȻͷųǿȫ
֪ҶȥԪҪǷʯͷӡУȻ֮䣬һˮϵ籩ɴЩǿ߷׷ױ˳ȥ
籩ƽϢֳֺ̨֮ꪣȻһɿµɱ˳ȥ
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ಣֶױȵƳԪȥ߲ѤöĿ·һ̳ȥ
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ą̃Ů˳ˣԪɫ䣬ĻҷȥӡϽϵǰһ޶ܡ
һꪺ޶ϣϵ޶ܶʱķ˿ȥ
ԪʧɫͬΪĸ֣Ԫʮ֮ãأ̨籣ǸոżѣԪʵа˳ϣ̨籵ʵʮһˣԪ̨֮籣Ȼѷɫ˼֡
ÿµŮˣ
ԪϽʩչطವһ˳ȥ̨´Ҳûлɱ̨籵Ļˣ
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ԪŭȣܵһѰѽ𽣣ն̨籡
˫ҵײ̨΢ѷɫ˼֣Ͼ֮ôãȻʵȻԪ̫ˣ̨ϻˡ
䣬Ħ֮·ļɽ˲䱻Ϊƽأһ·ȥرѡ
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Ҷӡӡ˳Ӷ£ӡӡԶȥ̨Ԫս
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ǱսڼҶļ٣ɿµӶϽӳȥʮȥ̨籺͸Ԫսذѽѷ֡
Ԫ˾̨ҲȽѣ
һֱסִǱԮ߲ˣǿ֮ս̫ˣ·Ҫһһ㣬˷ԲʮķΧҶ޷
ٴȥҪ⣡ҶգôĶִ˾͹ˡ
岻Ҳû취ҶͷʮִǿԶԶΧۣʱӵǵù
Щִˣٶ๼ִʵĺʱ򣬴ʱɱǣʱ
Ҷʩչһ㣬ȥһӣϽɨ˳ȥ
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۵һһŴͷ­һִһնɱҶٶ̫ˣԶԶЩǸӦ
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ˣҶϽ춦
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˵ֻλ̨籿⣿
ԪѪǱط˹Զʿȥɫ
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һҪ̨籽ɱȻΪִĸ֮Ԫ˳֮ܲ˶Զ˶ã߶ᷢ
Ҫ׷Щ̨̫ˣܹԿģвп̨ܱɱǶû˵
⣬Ҳ׺˵ʲôˣҽɱԪɭصرȻֻ磬ȴܹʼ˶ԿȻѹȣҲܳӦԣ˵ǱԲݺӡ
ǣ
ԪԵϢһ£ȥʼǿ߻ЩҲ׷׸ϣһȺһ·׷ٶȥ


406 ƶ
̨籵ٶʵ̫ˣҶһ·ӣҶľ
ٶȣһּԽʱյĴ
СʱԽƬޱȵĲԭĮ۹Ҳ֪ԶˣһƬ޾ԭʼ֮УԶȥǰ಻ɽ
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ҶĻ̨½˷еĸ߶ȣವһҶһɽ֮УһӣɽһƬơ
ôˣҶʵֻ̨ɫ԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫ촽ϣ˶һ㡣
̨Щ̧ͷһҶ˵˶Ҫˡղŵ顭л
̨籺ٳб˵飬л֣ǱȽɬ
ϽƶɣȲùܣ֮ǰȹһΣҾһΣǳƽˡҶòãԭĳࡣ
㣿̨籵΢һ˿죬û뵽һξҶһ˿漴ָֻԭǸӣһʯϣʼĿƶ
ŮˣȻ˵ʱҲԸ˿һ˿
Ҷ濴ȥڴ˽ƣǲ֪Ԫ˻᲻׷һ׷ٵ⣬ǾΣˣвЩơ
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ͷ̨籿ȥղŵս̨籵ķɢںڵĳٲ㴹ڼͷƽЩͬԳղ԰ףϧ
һ׵˿ȹ¶ԸеǺͽ׵źۣؿȴȻһϽ˿ǴĿĵѪϰɫɴ籷裬ˮϵ֮УԵЩʶңԶ
ҶľѣղŮˣǲϽôã
Ͻ̨ؿ֮װγ롣
ҶűĿ̨籣һ˿Ī
ƾĶ̨ۣȷʵֻչָ˵ģԶһġ߰ʵҲվ˶½۷塣
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ҶԼΪʲôôֻ࣬Ϊ̨籲Ϊ֪һɡ
ʱҶͻȻʯϵ̨ҡһ£Ȼȥ
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̨˵ҪƶҶΪ̨ܹԼƳأû뵽̨Ѿ޷ԿڵĶء
Ҳǣ۷ʱڵ̨籣жҲ󣬿ڣ̨籵ʵѾ̫࣬ʮһҪرƳ⣬νϼѡ
Ҷ̨籿ʯԣֵס̨籵֣һɱϸĴд̨籵ƤԲϸһ㣬ֻڣҶûһ֮ģ֮һ̨籵ڡ
ܵһĶأ̢̨ڵľǰڽ֮صص׵Ҫ
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ԪɫȻ̨֪ܷ֮籸ɵǲ̨籵ʬ壬ʼղġ
Ҽ飬һҪ̽䣡ԪͲţ̨ôصˣܵȥ
ǣಣʮӰ˷ȥ
ҶоһɹɻϢڶڵĽɨн̨֣籵ĽƺΪЧЩڽɨ֮󣬾ȥ鿴ĵطˡ
ϣҪ֣
ҶȻʱ䣬רעظ̨ˣ̨籵ÿһɨ̨ڵأ̨̽¸ΧҶϺȻЩԵмΡ
ȻֻҶȻܹظ̨ܵÿһ֣ǽ̨ȫ¸˸顣
Ҷ֮£̨ƺһЩ۾峺ֱֱؿҶ
þһ鱦ʯһ˿ʡ
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ҵ԰ⶾҶ̨籿ЩΣ͵
̨Щ΢΢ס
̨ദҶǸоһĪѹ̨ܸ籵Ըʵйء
ؿѽǶصԴҪѽεǲ̫죬ҪذγҶ˵̨ؿ֮ȥǰضϽѪУ˿ܱҲҪһЩ
ȻŮ֮䣬ʼЩ㡣
Ҷ̧ͷ̨籣εصҪְνǻһЩð
̨ҶĻÿɷֻǱ۾ǺһŮ֮ôأͷ̨籵ԣҲЩСڡ
̨籱۾Ҷɵۣͬͬô˵仰ĪǱ۾Ĭˣ
ҲǣһƸһȽֱӣŮǰŤ󡣻ȥˣҪǲκ̨籵ˣһִ˲鵽⴦ɽǾΣˡ
Ҷɵ̨ؿڴЩõ鲼̨ǳȥΧƵˮϵһֶǵޣκ˿̨ľŮ¶ѹƲסǿҵ
鲼̨֮Ƿ廹Ȼһ㣬ǳҶǰ״һֶֻղһĻҶ찢껯ʱ龰̨֪籺Ͱģ˭һЩ
⾿ʲô˼ҶǿԼҪ˼룬ͷһ˿ԵУһߵʱҲûд˿š
ֻ˿ϣѪЩĿģҶһЩеȥסǱ̽޸̨ؿڵ˴к͵Щأһ߽ǱϽذγ
ҶĶΨԿһЩ˿ڡ
̨米Ľë΢΢֪ΪʹΪʲǫ֮̂籣ֺ㣬ѵһӵǰȻСڣĵЩӡ
һ޲ͬһͨ鼫̨࣬籣ĸױһ࣬û壬Ҳĺ̬ǰ˰һŮӣԴҲǳ꣬ǵһֻһ¡


407 һɱ㣡
̨Ȼû۾ԸܵҶǽŵӡ
Ȼ̨зǳˣûһˣܵĹϵҲûСסıʹԲĹҲΨһ˶ѡ
¶ʱҲֻǱĿ֪ЩǵȴӲ˽
̨籵ģԶƽͬһ̶ˮֻͻȻ䣬̶ˮͶһʯӣǲҲֻһ˲ѣֻƽȥ
ٹӾͿƺ̨籵˿ڣк͵̨ڵĶˣ̨籵Ϊò˶ãָܻˡ
Ҷ̧ͷ̨籣̨Ϲž޲΢һԭԼЩΣǿ̨籵ı֮󣬲Լ̫ˡ
ɽһŮˣ
ҶͻȻһͷ̨Ƿ֮ͦһѣ᲻ỹôƽʲôûзأ
ȻҶֻѣɲҸжǿصƣҪ̨ŭԼɱˣԼҲûطԩȥҶֻǶ̨ĵЩˣɽǲǱҲ벻أ
ʱֻ̨ſ˫ۣ峺ӶҶ³֣һɱ㡣
Ҷ̨籿Щ飬̨籵ĻоһɺӺð˳̨籾ȻʲôҶϽڨڨһЦҲֻ룬ѡϽҶڵĶϾܽˡ
Ҷ񺹣Ͻɫ̨籰νȴǲʧЦҪˣŴء
Ƭ̣۵һ죬߽Ҷ˳ҶƵüą̃ؿڵ˿ûѪٿеĳ߽ȻֻһϽҶԿһɫСߣڽơ
ѽŰɣʱͻǸִģҶһЦ߽Աߵʯͷϡ
߽γ̨֮ϵ˿һۿüٶȿٵϣؿ֮һƬ࣬ƤϸüֱҪγˮȫûһ㡣
ǿҶ̨籵ؿڣǻָԭ״û֮ǰǿɲ˿ڣԲ״
ʱ̨㷢䣬볨·ӿһ˵Ըġ
̨̧ͷһҶҶϽƿĿ⣬װ̧ͷ죬۽ǵȴ̲ס̨籵ϣ̨籲ɽ༸ŮԵǻǶôķ֡㵹
̨Ȼ֪Ҷڿȴûֹ֪һɫ˿ȹգۼ㻻ϣ𳤷ͷ̳ɸ߸ߵķ٣߹ţ
Ҷ̨籣˵̳ɷ̨֮籣ԵõŸ߹󣬵ܾ˵ʲôҶ룬ӦþŮԵɡ
̨뻯֮İ޼˵ķɫ̨籶༸ŮԵǾͲ̨ˡ
ղŷ飬Ҳκ˵ġҶ΢΢һЦ̨ƻָ֮󣬸ղ΢Щ컵գ㲻ˡ
ҶĻ̨ü΢֪Ϊʲôһ˵
һϢڶڵĽӹ
ǲ̽ôҶʵЩһѰ˰죬ų̂籵ڡ
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˵̨籲ôױִסŶԣ֮Ȼ̨һĸ֣ܻ򵥣
ƭ˵˻޵ԴҪһֻ֮û뵽ǽΪ˽ҷɱ̨Щŭص̨ƽʱϲŭӲϣһΣִȷȷʵʵ
޳٣Ϳִ̿Ϊ½һϸ޳ڲ켺ִˣɱҶȭͷ
ִȻɱʱǲԸˣҵ޳Դ˵̨类ָƽƽ˵
ҶЩ̨ˣΪ΢Ҳ޳ԴڣҪҶȻ岻ݴǡ
̨籿һҶ΢΢ͷǰѾǹƥɱִսһˣͻ֮ԲһЩ仯
ɴ󰮶ΪҶһ仰ı⣬Ϊµͻơ
̨֮籣֮ǰȴЩͬˡ
Ϣһ֪ͨġ̨籵ʵѸٵػָţʵָһЩҪϽرˣ֪һôˡ
̨籿˿ҶȻȻǸ̨֮籣ڵȴ޷ٽҶһ·һԴˣǰĲɡ
Ҷһ춦ղǸյִ۷ǿߣǱһöҩһ˱ǶöҩܴһˣʲôʱŪʼĵҩ˵Լͻƣ
Ҷ룬Լʵɱһʼһص̫ǿߣȫûʲôˡ
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βʵȫָߣҶһ£̨籲ŻָɾҪȥǺΣգ
û֮ɵʵѾ㹻Ըˣҽһ·ϲָܻϣҪϻر̨籵ĺһİΣͷҶһۣವһǻһ⣬նȥ
̨类ͷԼһۣû֮ǰ⣬ҲпԼĴ
̨ˣԶ̨̽籵ĸԪ̨׷ȥһ⣬ʧʵľͷ
̨֪类᲻ὫЩȫɵ̨类ָʵ֮󣬸Ԫ˾ԶԶǶˣǷԶҶŴӶѨ֮гշ𣬳ǵȥ
ǵ֮УҶٳδ飬һ˶Щֱ̼Ҷƽǵв̤ʵ
һγȥһЩջ񣡡ҶһЦЩ޵ʬȫƳ˻ۿռ䡣
ѻɽĻʬ壬˶Щ˷ܣôʬ壬вģǵĵǳԣò˵Ϊһء
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ҶһԼʮ֮һĺӥǳ߷ӶҶöոɵĵҩӥȥ
ˣһëëëëɵĵҩָտɴëѾˣʣëëëëҼŵҩټһ飬齨һǿʮսˣ
һʼһأоŸɵʮսƥʼصĳǿߣʱִһսõȳڣһǵֱӺɨ


408 ɱ
ʱһֹȥ߰죬Ҷӽʱ⣬ָһ㡣
ÿľ֮ҶὫǵǵϢı仯ͷųϢǵգʱƣһǵӰҶˣһ˿ҶƵϢ
ȥҶ˺ǵǣ˵ҶͰꡣ
ҶţսϢǷԼںϣǿԼꣿ
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ʱԣҶӵܺǵǵϢ̫СˣҶ󣬲ͷųϢҶĽ١
ǵһǧͨѴﵽ˰֮ޣΪĸ֣֮࣬ⶼ굤ǳ֮ʯЩʬĹ͡
Ȼǵǲͣɱޣǳ֮Ļǵûм٣ӵƣҶУʼǿΣС̨֪ôˣûлصû׷鵽޳Դ
˻޳֮⣬Ҷ̽ʱ򻹷֣ǳ֮һЩط˴ȺǣиޣǽǳذΧС
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ҶţҪҪֽɵ뻹գϾµ壬ȻԼౣֶΣҲܹУָ޴ǵȻҲһЩƺֶΣò
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ȻǱߵļ̫ˣһսǵѹҪסǳأǵʧ̫󣬻ЩѶȡ
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Ҷһ˼޴ķһ߹۲Ŷ
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ϻͬǺһ㣬ǸƷ֮ľʯ˲仯Ϊĩ
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ԱɽһѪ֮УĵصȴţǻΪҶҶ֣ױʿ֣һϲɫ
СӵĻڳˣ
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ֻΧױʿ׼ױʿһɱ
֪ǻ֣ҶȻ֪һ壬ȻʩչΣΪͨ޵Ļͬ㱻ˣҲֻһЩˣƬϾܹͨ޻飬ڶָ
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409 ߶޳
ǾೡսҲЩ겻̧ͷ죬ֻľצڽױʿϣֻһ죬ױʿķ˿ȥ
ױʿɵˣ
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Ҷػָƣò˶ãָܻ۷ʱڵսȫõʵ𣡴ǰӡʨүսҶѽüΪǿֻǱһΣûʲô˵ġ
޸˵һζֵĻᣡ
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Զǻ޳󷽵ϿգҶԶԶǰս¶ЩЦ⡣
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޴ӿͽͽʧأ۾ˣ۵üֱҪѪҪЩͽͽǣеֵҲͰˣڻ޵צ֮£ʵ̫ԩˡЩ޸֪Ǵðģͬϻȳһ㣬ٶֳܷǾǧ꣬˵ǰĹģ
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Сôڻ޳ĺ󷽣ô£ѪŭһͷĪ޳Ҷ߶ģ
СôԴ߶޳
ҪǴȥ޴Ҫ


410 ɱ¾ս
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ҶһһͣϻޣԽԽ࣬޴ֹ
֮Ҷʩչǳǵȥ
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һĶһҪֿ޳һ߹Ҫǵǳչƣǵǳأгǳص޳ͣظ޳սȥ޴ᱻĸɡ
޴ǵͱڣܹƥֳǿ񵶵Ѫ
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׼޴һ϶ҪǣҶÿǵӵĶЩǵɫһݣ˷֮顣
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Ҷͺһһ춦ֶתһ·ɹȥಣʮǱڵ춦֮У춦ҽ֮
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Ѫһ֮󣬾ȵط֣һȻʼĴڣƷ鱦ħʵ£
һߣҶԵУȫ·磬ҲСͽѹƣ·ǵƺĸ̤ڵĴڣɱ¾ߵޡ
Ѫŷ֣ԼԶԶ͹ǵʵû뵽ǵ֮УȻһʼǿߣҶĻ֮Ҳȫûһ˿˵ļȻܹױʿսвӿһĪıߣǵȻصôһʼƺڱǵǣűߣ
ҶһսһעΧսβˣǵͻ޳л۷սϣҲǵѷɫһǵռһơ
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ľǱŭޱȣҪҶɱ


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ͷ䣬ǷצƺϾҪҶ˺鿪ȥ
ħսףҶϹҫħս׵ķ֮С
ޱȵħսǽҶȫطҶװݣû˿㣬صӡâת
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ͻı弸۵һͬʱ³һѪ
ʼһصǿߣҲֻܿҶƽֶѣֳǿ񵶵ѪǿԸҶһսͻҶĶ֡
Ѫƾǿ񵶣ѹһ飬ɱһȴûôף߿ֻˣŭӣҪȥҶɵٻԸҪȫû
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춦ײϣȻವһ춦֮Улȼա
ԶѪͻףΪܹתս֣û뵽֮ȻҶ춦С
Ѫŭǿһħսףվ춦ԱߵҶȴûȥһս
ȻΪ֮ٱˣҲһЩĸдȻǽ֮ҲûͻҶħսףʵǲˣ
Ҷ춦֮ʣһĸ
ʮҶңңԣѪͻϽһĸ˹ȥԮˣһ֪ʲôĺԶȫڱħս֮µҶѪͻĺ󱳣Ҳð˿˿⡣
Ҷ곯ЩһĸǸ˹ȥЩֵУʼǿߣ߸һ
һˣˡҶȫûħս֮Уƽ˵


412 սǿߣ
ЩһˣͷˣֱܡһһŮʼǿߣһʼأһʼأʵǿþˡ
ܿһʮ󣬾ݸһۣ˭Ҳ֪Ůģʮٸӣ£һԵˮģüëúϸģĻ𱬣͸һַɧķ顣
Ҷʨү֪ܺΪ֮ĳʼغʼأһ濴Լ
ҶʵԸһʼصǼѣοʼءصǿߣ
Ǵʱ˿̣ݲҶаȴ
ҶȻƽ޲·ϵǻ
ܻ״һüͷҶħս֮£κα飬Ҳǿ͸ҶΪвһ˿ǣ˵гƣ
һĴͷУʹȥΪһ̫ϳϵԪҶܲһδ棬Ҫ㣡
Ҷ΢춦ǰѸٵתشľ޶ȼźɫĻ棬һĪĸо
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춦ɫĳ֮£һħս׵ҶԵĪ⡣
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Ҳһģ˵ģһЦһǱɦŪˡ
λһ̫ϳϣҪ˶˵ϻˣڤ粻飬ɱ£Ѫһ˵Ҫ֪޴˿޳ÿһӣ޴Ҫʧܶ࣡
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ԭѪΪһǱһʼصǿ߹Ͳˣû뵽һӣһʼػһʼصĸ֣Ѫ񶾵ЦҶɣǵӴ
Լ־͸һ˾ǵЦ
Ҷ֪һЩʲôˣڳƵýԼɱԪɱǵҪǵԼֻնɱ
ɱɱˣһìܲɵͣҶҲָܹͽ⣡
Ҫսս
ܺҶƽ˼֣ҲǼ˸Եâ˸
Ҷ忪ӡӡĽƣʨүϢ͸˳
оǹɿֲϢܡνһһŵĺȻɫÿµϢһͷԶޣĿǡ
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ħս׵͹죬һƣټǿֲϢܺУЩ㷲ʵڿ͸ҶʵҶǰܹɱԪԲǽңʼǵܻܵģҶвصĵƣ
ʨүϢ޷ҶսȴܰҶʱסֻּܺܺɵҲ㹻ˡ
ҶԺзɿ˼Ÿַ
ʱΨһս
ܺȻЩɲȴû˾ͱˣһɹˮϵɢ;޴ĺޣǴ˵еĲޣ˵һͨ飬˲һ
ٴУ˿Ĵ⣬ֳضҶ
ҶףԼܡԾӮ治ᳬһɣǼҲ֮УǽӡӡҪ֮ʱֻܴ߶ӡӡˣ
ӡӡͷųĿֲĸԪҲҪΪ֮ˣʼصĸǱɨУ϶Ҳ޷ֵطպǵǳصϿգһͷӡӡ룬ǵĵҪˡ
ȰܺԶȥ
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ΪףʮһʮսһɲϢ
콣õӣһУʮս󣡡аͺһҲǴžŸ֣ʮսһѷɫϢ
ʮսϹսȻûô죬ľսˡʮվλศɣ仯ˣͬһˡ
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ϻã˰˸ʮսЩѷɫϢнݺᡣ
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ѪвһǿԭΪҶܡǣƣʣµǿɱò˶ãû뵽ЩϼĴڣͻȻ˵ҰޣҪǾս
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·һʮսҶǻ飬ն
һ󱲣ǵһսҶವһڿն
СӣֱӣܡһۣҲڿն׷ȥܷҶѣ

Ҷһ·ϸ߿գܺҶٶȸ죬ض
ĺųգҪҶɱʮףȫˮϵɣսˣӶצХշ·Ҫ˺һ㣬ƾ֮Ʊɫ
ֻκһֻԪҪǿöࡣ
ܺٶȣʩչҶҪôֻ֣޾Ҫ˵ԼˣҶ͵ش߶춦ײȥױʿױʿһǺӺ


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Ҷ֮ʱԶͻȻ󼤰ĺŽ֮ʵľͷһ֧ͬˮһĲӣӿ


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ҶСĵ춦ǰ춦ĺڻ֮У΢㣬öɫҩҶ֮С
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416 
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һ顢ͨʨҲѸٵԶķΧ
ҶܵǹԽѣ֨죬ƺᵽǿµϢ
ͷҶԺ֮ȴһƬʱȴ˿־Ϊ
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似ȫͨƷ似ķ룬ҶںϽǺӵһ־塣
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ΡĽɫɽǱҶһȭ飬ķѣըѿɫƬɢС
ں֮ҶǿȣѾﵽĳ̶ȣ
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С״Ҳ·£ɢƬϵ⡣
ûоʹ˽һƵĽɫϵشӸ߿׹£ѹҶֹһ㡣
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ȥҶΪͻһżһͬʼ磡
ʼһأҶȭͷȫĹǿľӿ޴й
Ȼֻʼһأʵ۷֮ʱҶʼصĶԿʼ֮󣬾ֱʼǿߣҶҲȻ壡
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Ҷϲ̧ͷԶնܣһ⣬֮ܽٵĵһˡ

ܡȫû뵽Ҷ̶ֳȵ֮£Ȼػľѡոսʼ磬͵ֵס˿ֲҲζţҶδĳɾͽԶԶǵ
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սףܵͺһܵˮϵʱһս׵״УжһѾ޴ˮ󣬴ˮϵҲһֻӴĺޡ
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ڻȼźɫ˫չչʮףһڿշ𣬶ϬҲȲڻѷɫ٣Ǿ޴ͣһƶıһ㣬̤գϡ
ֻ޺Хų˹ȥ
ֻʼޣͷһû뵽Ҷ˱ոսʼ֮⣬Ȼٻֻʼޣֻʼƺʼһضѡ
ʼһأҲǰһĺѸٵر󣬸߶ȴﵽʮףһֲֻĺľһ㣬Ǿ޴ޱȵצڻ˺Ϭȥ
䣡
һ£ֵһצգҪ˺ѿȥ
Ʒ£ֲ


417 ȭ
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ͬĺǾκһƷ·ʱҪҶɳȥ
ˮϵĺޣһ޴ޱȵսȫָߵĲٿء
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ؼɵǱҶӹպʳѰ
צ£ҶоѹҪΪĩһ㣬̧ͷȥԼǰСͬһƳ
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ҶڷѸٵںϣ·ܶȣһǿ
޴ޣҶȻûһ˿ȴȫĹһ֮Ҷ˲޵ѹȡ
оǾǵصѹ
Ҷŭһһȭȭﵽ۷壬һȭ̺ϵ⡣
ʼǿߵԽǿȭԽǿ
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ⲻܣŵؽеҶȻֵס˲޵ĹҾȻһȭ޵ľƻ⾿Ƕôֲȭ
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ҲطҶҪʬΣܿŭغԴӽ׵ʼΪǱһΣȻһСƵ˲ޡ
ܻڲ֮Уɫٿź˻Ҷ
Ҷһâһɹɿֲͬһ㣬Ҷȭͷۣŷ貵İâһֻɫȭͷںϣȵ飡
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һ̣˶ˣǿĿǲ޵ĿֲҶǿһ˫ȭ飬⾿ʲôȭʲôǿȣ
Ҷ̫ˣС̧ͷ̾ղ֮У˺ܶƬ֮ʵڽ׵۷壬ֻһ㣬Ϳͻʼˣ
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ʼ˴֮֮ҶԱطҲһЩµᣬٶȱǰֹ
֮£ҶȭԽԽǿ
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ǧɫ޽γһ׳ĽӣҶ
׳ĽӣͬһڿԼٴҶХ
ƣҶӺǲܣԾȻƥƣȭͷǰȥ
Ҷȭֻɫ޽Ҷȭĺ֮£׷ױ飬дѡ
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ҶȭףԼ޴ɶ㣬Ҷٶʵ̫ˣǽ󱳱¶ҶֻΣգ
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ڵˮϵӿǰʮ޶ܣ赲ǰ档
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ѪڣĿֺȻ֮ɫҶʵʵڰԵҪٴȥ¸ռκαˣпܱҶɱ·ͨʨսҲǴڽ״̬ȻͨʨһЩˣҪɱͨʨǺѵġ
ڲһǿߺЩ֣ǵʨǿߵķ֮£ڽڽڰ˵״̬
ǵߵʮսƵһ߸⻹ʼһصһ顢۷СԼֻڵޣʨǱ߳ͨʨ֮⣬񻪾۴ɽ۷ǿԼոսûõļס
ߣֻʣѪͻһǱߣǰ˸ǿߣҲȫ˿ս֮С
ٴȥһҪȫû
ȫû뵽ԼһʼءһʼأʰǵԼ˵һܸҶʱ֮ڣҲɱҶµֲ֧סˣٴȥҲ޼£ֻƽʧȥȱ֣


418 ɱ
ߣҶǻȭܺȵ
ٴޣסҶԼǻˣ·ͨʨȥ׼֮ǰͨʨɱ
ߣûţҶʩչƿֻޣȥ
֮мҵײ֮
ͨʨоܵѹȶ£ʼǿߣʱܵ˼ѹ
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ԭܻڻһߣȴǹ˲ôˡ
Զɫأû뵽ҶȻôܵһֱۣܣϽȥʼǿһǰһ󣬷Ӷȥ
ЩһܡܣսȫҲǷ׷Ҫߡ
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ЩӣҶٳȥЩҪܵˣǵҲһ
Ҷǰһȭ
䣡
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һҪɢӣǵʨߵǿסˡ
Ҷͺһ͸ױʿ
ʼ֮ҶĽױʿʮףͨϻܣͬһԶŵľһ㡣
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Ѫͻû뵽ܺȻͻȻܣսֶȻתһգ۱ɱһɶϾʣˣ
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ܣߣѪ
ȻǵʨڶǿߵΧ֮£Ѿˣܵõ
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һҶͷȥֻʣѪͻԲܽǷܣҶŭһ߶춦ȥ
񻪾۴ɽ׵һĹ˺ۣ⧲춦Աײ˹ܡ
䣡
춦ײڻıϡ
Ѫ˴Σ
춦֮γ˼ҵУŻһʵ˽ȥ
лȼգ˻𣬲ͣȴ޷춦
ҶѪȥϾʣѪһˣ
Ѫû뵽ҲױҶ춦ˣ۾ͨ죬ŭųȥлһ˿ǿϺâ˸СͽǱǿ񵶵ĺˡ
춦ȥɣҶ߶춦Ѫȥ
Ѫ춦ĺѣԴ󷢣һֻɫǣ˻ųҶŨصѪζ
ҪѪ˻ͷӳǲʼһصĸѷɫˡ
һƣҶںϣﵽޱǿĳ̶ȣͷɫһȭȥ
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ȻپδѵɡҶ뵽һѾɵ춦֮УҲܳͷսȥ
·սԭһֱڽ״̬һһսѾ˼ת䡣
޴ۿǸľ޶֮УԮĲһҲӵӣЩһĻս˼սȫˣĵֿһɢӡ
ǵʨһǿߵָ֮£ǵʨĴʼɨ
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ǣʨ֮ۻĳޣҶ룬ʨȻܹ棬Ǿˡ
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Ҷƿӡӡʨү߶ЩڸǻɢĻȫߡ
սĻ
ʱҶеղصԻñȻһ£æó
Իñزţɢһ͵ĹΣƺҶʲô
ҶԻñ飬¶ɫ૵꣬㿴ĸڰ㱨˴𣡡


419 
ԻñҶģУɢλð⣬УֳһֻɰСèѩףûһ˿ɫβذڶСèҶƺЦд˼
꣡ҶеСèѿڶɫ쳣Ҫȥëȴ˸ա
СèһҶ۵޾ĲᣬȴɢУԻñâҶġ
ꡭҶеԻñ飬ϻһĨˣֱôãʲôʱٴμأ
ʱͨʨԶԶط˹Ҷֵ˴ζлҶֵܣʨѩǰ𣡡
Ӧ˵лңʨǰԮǵҪ֮֡Ҷ˸еԻñСĵźãضͨʨ
ЩޣҶ׼δͨʨʵԶЩд޴ȥ
Щ޾ʨձɡҶǵڵĹģʱ޷ձ˴ޡ
ͨʨƬ̣Ҷֵܣһ£֪
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ͨʨҶն·ǵʨģһԶܲѣһսͬڽˣѣ㲻ǹ¾սˡǵһڵǣһѡ
û뵽ǿԮ
˵ʨһƵĳû뵽ʨ¾Ȼǵǫ
ǶǵδҲˣͲһ˽ǵΪڱصãսȴȫûһɱֻǱӣ
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һܵˣһò״֮⣬һֱ⣬ʵִֻһȳѷɫǵһ˴𣬲һò˶ãҶֵܿҪ׼źáͨʨҶʨǵǰͬһϣһپ١һȻҪҶ
ף֪һжʵˣǱѡΨһսҶһìǲɵͣʱΨвͣǿʵ
һ飬֪Ҷֵܿɷͬ⡣ͨʨ뵽ҶʨүҶа취ԿһҪ֪ʨүֻ΢һָ㣬ͻһֱ޷ͻƵĽױϣʨҶֵܵǵҶֵǷԸ⣿
ʨΪͻȻд뷨ҶͷһʵʨϼǵҶȻʮ⣬ֻеɻǵڵĹģʨͨʨΪλľ
ҶֵܲԸô
ǣֻСЩɻʨ꣬ǵոսûãʵҲԶԶʨ
Ҷֵܣ⻰ȴôǵôʱ䣬λʼǿߣϻʨµЭպǰ;ʨͶ뵽ϻʨ£ҲġǲһʱѰ𣬶ȻŹʨ޺УȥͨʨһʱҲǾ˼ǲľġ
Ҷ΢΢ͷʨǵϣȷʵбҪģʨͶ뵽ǵ£Ϊʨүԭ
ǵ棬רŵʨʨȻǵλ֮ϣǵ֮⣬ǣΪʨӾۼ֮еǰһУһʨ뿪ˣʱԴʨǵҶʨֱΪں϶̫Ħ
ãͨʨҲˬˣӦЦ
ܿأϵϢ˳ȥǵܲѣʨļ룬ǵһ׳ĳ̶ȡʨȻЩѽ⣬Ϊʨ¸Ͷǵ£ͨʨ´ǵʼǿ߻ô˵ʨǻҶָ㣬Ǳûˡ
ͨʨһֻٲϹ󲿶ӻ۹Ǳߣͨʨ׼ǲ޴Ǩ޳Ϯֻһ𣬲ܸõȥ
ʨǧ޴ټϻձ˼ڴϣνǳӴ
ʨô޴ǵη޳ˣҶʼʵʩΪӴļƻǵΧ޽ʮǣصȫǨǵƿص˿ڣﵽڣͿԴԴϵ츳ĵӼǵ
Դӻ޳Ҳӵ۶ϵɽҶǵĸ˽ơۡааȥ죬ԼֵС
⣬ҶѪͻɵĵҩëëѩٹһʱ䣬ǵٵ
֮⣬ҶõһԪƬ֮⻹˴ʡ鵤ҩ鱦ȵȣۡƵǵӡ
ɽУǺ
棬ԸԸңҶͳغʵ߽ױʿնʱֹǿݡһߣֻ׸ߵ춦ڿУͨȼܵĺɫ
ǧ꣬ɱ㣬ôһδɵСޣİɣŭǿͨҫ˲ȴ޷ѽױʿ
СӻǲƺĲʨүӡ˵ΨʨүĴڣſԶáСӡĳƺҶСӣݺݵ
Ҷһױʿ㽫ǿͶ뵽춦У춦ܣǿ֮еʱĺ
Сӣҳȥ֮һҪƤŭ
ҰƤȰ춦Ļ˵Ҷߣһʨүʨүˣ޷ѱѱˣҿ϶ģһǲʹǿ񵶣ҪǷô죿
ȽѱȻǵ۸ǿ񵶼ӳּѹĽӡסֶΡȻɱôӣֻǲϵģ֮Ⱥֻ֮࣬һѣ㲻ʲôʨүڵ˵
ʨүĻҶȻǿ񵶡
춦˻
Ҷϵش߶춦춦лܣسȡ
ҪɱˣȻǿ֮УȻ˿ʮͣһƴҪ춦һߴŭ
ҶҲػֻǼ߶춦
ʱƣһСʱ֮ĺڽȥӲϾҪ춦ûɢˡ
ҷˣҷˣؽкھˣԼڣ


420 
ˣҶЦˣСȥѵ۸˹
ǰǰæҶǫضԵ۵
˵ɣܰϵҾΪˬصʱദóҶƷǵٵطչҶǳأǨ˴ӻڻ޳о˲ˣЩǹ飬ʲôҲᾡȥġ
õѪǿ񵶣׼ӳּѹĽӡҪǰæҶϿҵص
û⡣۵һЦΪʦĵ۶ԣⲻСһ׮ˡ
Ҷһֻǿ񵶴춦лƯ˳
ͨɺǿ񵶸춦ɲǣಡһһĨɫ⣬ҪԶݡ
Ҷüͷһ壬滹Ĳױʿ˲ĨɫԱߣץסǿ񵶡
ǿ˲ֹҪѣȴûܰѽױʿľơ
ղŲǷܣӣ
ü
Ҷ߶ױʿǿٴͶ춦УһηĲҽ
ҷˣҷˣһӴµĻ
ôҶ֪ɲʲôŵľӣ㻹ܣ´ҾͲٸˣΪ֮ɡ˻ĥֱ塢ѪײеļһȫûҪ塣
ˣ´βˡ氧صɺĿ⣬ײеɨΧȼյĻ춦Ļû취赲ټȥ϶ɢ
ӱʮ겻ж񶾵صʱֻҶ
Ҷǿ˳沢ûܣ۴ǬóһЩǿ׭̽ӡ
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ʵ㣡ǿºâҪɱۣҶһתѹȥ
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ˣһ鷴ɣӡԶÿ飬飬Ҳ޷׺俪ӡ¶Цݡ
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ħӣϸع۲ûб仯֮ǰħӲֻаƴСѡ
ħӣڲ֮С֣ħõĲͨƷƷ鱦࣬ķӡȴʮָ滹һЩĺۼԭҲһϧѾˡ
𣿡Ҷ΢΢ͷѹħӲ൱һƷ鱦ԭġ
߶ħҪĲɣϵʵ
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ǰʲô취Բõҩ߶ħ𣿡ҶЩڴѯʵʨү棬֪Ƥëѣȴǵصصʦ˵иõİ취
̯̯֣Цҡͷûа취ҵһΪǿ飬·ӡħ֮ڡ
飿Ҷ룬εطˣȥߡ飿ǵҪõҩܴ߶ħӣԺпܵĻѰһǿɡҶȻ뵽ԪƬвȱ飬ܽƬȫ룬˵ܴճ飬ܲܽԪںϽħ棡ȻҶҲֻ룬֪Ԫжǿ
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ǵĿǰҩʦҲٶ˶ѣܹмҩʦʮˣٶȼΪôǸ㲻ǵǵģôսսջĻʬ壬ʹá
Ҷ룬޳֪ʦʦôˣȥ۹ǰæǵһЩҩʦ
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ɱһֻڵĻޣǵûôҸе˷ܣж˼ءѾʼĻˣһԺĻԽԽ࣬ǶǵԼ½ԣһԵѣ
Щ޳ɱޡޡ֮⣬ụɽҶֵܣǱ뾡ҵ޵Դ취롣ͨʨûҶѶϢ
ף޳Ǵ۹Ǳ߹ģȥ۹̽һǵҪʨӦҶ˵Ǳߣ˵һЩ
ҪҪҸһȥͨʨ΢΢ʵҶһȥЩġ
ˣһûġҶΪֹǵһֱڷһ͵Ϯȴһﶼ֪ҲǸ£ǰ۹˵޵ԴҪǰ̽һһڵأһʵΣ
ǵͨʨֻҪһûǰ¡Ҷǳ۹ߣһǱ˹;Ҳ


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СϣҶ΢΢һ£СϴڻʱѾм֮ˣΣգҸû취ıСϰСϵʵڻ̫ˡ
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ʰɽеĻʬ壬ҶܣûٷʲôõĶˡ
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422 
ҶСӣĿǰʵ⴦ѨΧĽƶƲˣĻ޸ܶԸģʨүȰȥСһ£һϹ壬˵а취
ʨүһӮϣû𣿡ҶԶǳѨ֮У͸ĹϢоһĪѹӣѨеֻӦûûг׳ɣһҪ罫ɱ룡ӮϣҶֲһ
ȫûлᣬǸϽ߰ɡϹŴڣճҲʼϵˣֻӦˣǵѪ֮кܶǿĴطʨү͸Ҷ˼ߴٵֻӦòŸշûãڣⳲѨ֮УҪ񺣾ͻһʱڣʱǻɱʱ򣡡
ԭҶ룬ڻ߰ɣ̨һǵʵ֮ɱ
ԶճѨ֮Уһֻֻ޲ϽȻ򣬾Ƿ䳲Ĺһ㡣
ڶ֮УСϵӰһӶ
ȻСϣСϾȻͻ˽ƣճѨ֮УҶд󾪣Ҳ޷ͻճѨܵĽƣСôȥģ
ҶճѨǱ߿˹ȥֻСϵС˼㣬ֻаưС޵һճѨߣˮϵ֮УƻãЩ̵£ڴҴææؽȫûע⵽
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ʨү˵ûǿĻޣҶܹƥеġ
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С˷ֱֺܵǣͻȻоһɱԼ̧ͷȥֻֻ޵һעԼԼûֻ޵Ӵ
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ʨүĻҶĬƬ̣ʩչһ⳯ԶӶȥ
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Ҷͷȥֻһֻ͵ĺɫ֮УӴͬһСɽһ㣬ϸܵĳƬɭĹͣطŭǰһצջӳΧʮɽʱ÷顣
СϰŭˣȻĴڣǿƥҰΧȴûôԶѸӴܶȥСϣֻ÷йŭ
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Ҫһɱֻ²ô򵥵顣
һֱһƶıݣ


423 ɹ
ֻɫ޳׷ٶҶϽӿٶȣһ·Ӷȥ
ֻɫޱԶԶ˦˺棬ʧԶߡֻɫȻǿᣬЩ֮ࡢޡ޵ǿȴǴ硣
ǲ׷ˣҶ΢΢һӦһ£СѾɿس˹գۼ㵽˸ǰ
ԼССһƶٶʵױȰ
СЦеؽǬһȸԾӡ
ҶСӹǬ֪СһЩʲôǬ￴һۣ־һǬҶҲһ£û뵽СֽŻ죬̶Ƭ̣ȻŪôࡣ
Сգգ۾ǵҶļϡ
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˵ţҶСϵԴ
Сֻ־ǳ֮ʯЦ۾صͷ
Ҷһ£Ǭʮǳ֮ʯ˼Ʒħսʮ߼Ʒħս⻹öӰűҡ֮飬⻹мǧԪűҡ
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ҶϰƷħսȫ˾Ʒȫ׾Ʒħս֮⣬ͷʣļƷħսжʮһƷħսĻļ
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뵽ǿֲĺɫޣҶ鲻мأǺɫ޼ɳȥǻΪǿĴڣʱࡢ޺޶ԣһԵѡ
Ҷһ죬ֻȽϢ̨籡
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һ޴۳ǣڻ޳֮ǰ˿ھ߰ǧ֮ޣ޳֮˿ڸѸټڡ
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ʱ̣ϰ֮εȻʢУܶ߿ʼ֯ǰҰɱޣҪΪⳡѾһ֮⣬ҲΪ޵̫ˣֻҪл޵⹩ӦǵΪͿԲϵǿ
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Ҷıòһͨˣ鱦һ֮Уóֳϸĺɫҵֳϡ
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Ҫֳϰһˡ
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ʲôҶĻһ£һŵؿҶΪԼˣ٣
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ŷӦԼЩʧ̬Ҷ˵ƽҵ찡ǿǧһʽףܹҩǸ߲ˣ
ҪʲôСʵڻ޳٣ڸʽΪѷļ۸Ƿֹ
ôｻΣҶóһöͨĻۿռĻף֮࣬һСֻǸΪֵǮĻ裬ЩϴʱǸĹѨеջòֻóһСֻӦþͿԽǧˡ
ֿҶеĻһ۾˳ôҲ鱦ųϣԸֱﻹ൱Ϥģ֮ҲǼѣǶԣֵ֮ǳ֮ʯѷɫ
ȻƳһȫӵɽŻԸǽǳı
鱦Ϊڶ೬֮һȻǿ絽Щ޵ģ֪۶֮ھзǳޣǱ仯Σ޼
һԻʮ˷ܵشֵȥ罻ˡļ۸ǣֺö۸ҲǷֹмУ


424 սף
Ƭִ֮Ҵ˽ҶҽҪ飬תҩǵĳϣû뵽ҩǱߵĸ߲㣬һҪһ棬һ̫ϳϹ
ǿҩǵ̫ϳϣֻһμĴҲϽȥ֪ͨ鱦̫ϳϣҩǺ鱦Ϊ˴֮佻ʮ־޴󣬹ϵܣ˫Ҳû̫˼ɡ
ɡҶͷ
һĸߴ˲Ƚ˽Ȼأ࣬һֲŭơ
ҶһݣȻǸˣǶ䣬Ǻ˵˵ΪӦʼ߰ˣҩǵ̫ϳϡ
˴һҶ΢в죬ǿ͸ҶΪҶƺԼ£Դţ֪Ҷһġ
ҩǵ̫ϳ֪࣬γƺ˵
ҳҹɡҶȻΪҩĹϵҩӡе㲻̫ã⻹ҪģҶ
һ£ǰδ˵ҹˣ֪ҹǼҲ޷жҶһ
˵Ҫûҩǽǧµ棿ʵҲЩϵĲǧɲСĿȻҩÿϻֱ㣬ܹһ԰ǧȽټοûֺı
Ҷ΢΢ͷ
ǧһʮ񣬲֪ΣƬ̣
ҩǿһóǧ
˵ǧ򣬾һҲûκ⣡ฺֶΪ԰ص
ǺãǾͽһǶʮǶ𣬵ǰһùҶһֻಶʮϡ
û뵽Ҷôˬ죬ҾȻֽ׵һʶ㣬ҲЩԾؿһҶȻг⣬ȥ
һԣ𾪵źһҵ찡ҩһĽףҲﲻһڵɣҶȻһóٿٵÿıҶôôࣿ
Ҵҵȥ׼ˣҶɨһۻۿռ֮еħӣӦ㹻ȸ˰ɣΪʼһأȫ׾Ʒħս׷㹻ĵҩ߶ħӣ˵ʼصģʼ˾ϵĸ֣ҶҲƴһƴ
Ҷ˼⣬֪ħӶֻճѨеĳûá
ò˵Чʻ൱ߵģñˡ
һٸǬÿ֮һǧƿÿƿһǧǡһ˵ţЩǬݸҶ
Ҷɨһ£˵һôҶɲȥһһ飬ҩǲƭôĿͻ
оҶĻһһԭҶֲ֮أҲ֪Ҷص̫ҶʵԶԼղžû
޶ԣѵõıҶΪʲôĻһôأ˾ʲô;أ˼⣬ȴֲʣֻñ
Ҷһ£Щˬ֧ʣĶٰʮ
ʱ鱦̫ϳϴҴҸǸʼصǿߣϣֳϵ壬鱦Ȩ鱦ͷ֮һ
˵Ҷٿҩǽһƽˣǿٿ񣡿ȥǽٺö
ãֵ壬鱦̫ϳ֮һϴĽףҲ˵ˣ֪¶鱦鱦ûȤ΢ֵԲǺһЦԵʮƽ׽ˡ
ϳϵĻҶˣϳϿԼôһʽףҲеۺˡ
Ҷһۻۿռ䣬ԼۿռĺöɶȥˣٿôˣҪ֪ԼۿռѻСɽһߵĻǻõɵ۾
һ鱦޷ҵȤ֪ϳʲô鱦ֱħսȵȣҵǿԿһҶĪص
ħս鱦ûУڳ鱦һ㶼ɵĴ֮׽ףһ֪ûȤһЦ
ʲô
ǰʱ鱦õһЩ֮ħսϵķӡҲоħսϵķӡȻ޷ƣȴԷƣ鱦Ѿ˿ȰƷħսװսףǽսףս֮󣬿ǿǿߵĹȻħսҪѷɫһЩ鱦϶ȱĿǰֻʮס
սףսôҶﲻѣû뵽鱦ȻܹħսףԼȫ׷սףʵе㾪ˣ޳Ϯ֮ʣ鱦ĴսףǾǷǳֵģʲôܱҪ鱦սףΪҪأԼòǸã
֪ս׵֮鱦ʦԣʲô̫ѵ飬ѵǲϡ鱦˴ϧϣҲֻʮ׶ѣҪչĲϾͱȽˡһֻЩЩǿǣղŴϧϣͨĶ޷ЩǿǶģǻԣǻ鱦ȻὫսó˵ҪһսҪʮϵĻ񣡡
Ҷϵ˼ϴﻻ˻Ż񽻻ĲϣԴսף
ʮʵЩˣǿԽܵģϾڻ޳ַԳǿս׾мС
Ҷɨһۻۿռ䣬ԼۿռĻǶȥˣ֮ǰĻ񣬶ΪͨЧĻָ߼ûóء
ս׵Чĸ˵һԵֵǿߵĹǶŪףǵǺбҪġ
ҪҶ
Ȼû⣡ҶĻЩ˷ܣҶս׻൱Ȥġ
Ƭ֮һս׹
ս׵ʽħսײ࣬ǿȷȰƷħսװ΢ѷɫһЩҶս׵ߣ̺һ˿˿֮鱦ʦ˷ħսϵķӡ֮⣬Ҳ˲ԼĶ
һƷħս׵ͼﵽۣҲóս׵ļ۸˵ԽһЩ
ʮװɡҶص˵ͷڵ
ʮףϺֶһ£ǻΪԼˣΪҶѾٿ񣬶ս׾Ͷˣû뵽ʮף
ʮףǿɵһǧٿ
ʮףǵһνףһ£ʮõЧȽϺãһǵսסҶصͷ
ϡֶ󣬶ϲһǧٿȥǻϣǴʮϵսף


425 ʦͽ
һҶϡֶ˽ףյʮսף֧һǧٿ
»ҪЩʲô𣿡һʽףԲУ˿ûΪ鱦̫ϳϵļӣЩ˷ܵʵ
೤ҶʵϽ֮ʱرˡ
ȥ೤Ͻй˵ôν鱦Ǵ׬һʣǶҶ϶Ӧ鱦λͷҲע⵽ҶϡһҪλͻźá
ŰʱʶпȥĹؼԵΪҪ
ܿظ˹ЦӣһҶ鱦ҲһʼֵƵĽס
һ󣬲֪λ˭ܰҡҶ˵һ֪࣬ҩǾλ̫ϳϰҩϳȥġ
µ˵޷
λڵ۶Ѱˡڵĵ۶˿ʵ̫࣬кܶ򣬼ϵ۶ִƣҶֱ̫ʹѰˣĻһЩ鷳
Сһ׮֪Ҫʲôˣ΢΢һЦҩǻ鱦֮еӰǷǳ˵ģҼ˻Ƿǳ򵥵ġ
ҩԼĵڼҶ˵
ݣɫ΢䣬ЩɻҶҪݸʲôҶĴôһҩȥĵӣ
೤ϿҩϢ
ҩԭҩµӣ͵ҩһλ̫ϳϵĵҩʦš˵ţҶɫЩӣϽסǰʱұ˵ڵ۶֮ţҵҲѡ
˵֮ʱǴӴ˳ȥ
ѾԸǰȥѰˣ
ϳϣ˸ղһǧٿĽ֮⣬鱦һ⣬ҪʮƷ鱦򽣽ʮ׾Ʒ鱦Ͻٿ񽻻ΣҶܻڳֱ࣬ӿʵ
û⡣ϼӦҶȻǴ˰òһɣ
Ȼ²⣬鱦ǺϽ⣬ɱԽǶȻģҩҲˡ
ҶĻȻûʲô飬Ҳ𾪣ҶͷĻȻ֮࣬Ҷϵ̸ѾһʶһǧٿĽףͻȻϲɹٿ鱦УӦǱղ˵ЩĲ
ĪݣҶĿеĵλΪҪаڲѣͷһѾȥˣѰȥˣ
༱æ˵»ԺǰѰݡ
󳬼ʼȫѰҩ
Ҷ鱦ɹ˼ֵǧƷϢҩǼλ߲ĶҩǼλľͷ𾪲ѣⶫΪϡ٣ΨٲǿôһЩղأ࣬Ҷһóô࣬ҶĲӦǴﵽ˼Ϊ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ĿͻܲӣҩǵļλͷҶ롣
ҶܾҩǼλͷ룬ٿ񣬴ҩǻ˲ϧҩ
Ҷ˾٣ҩǵļλͷЩԣȻҲóȻҶҶĲƴ֣ذǸ𺳵ˡ
鱦ҩǣҶרŵڣҶ鱦ҩǵĹ͡
֪ʦôˣҶҩǡ鱦زɹҲΪͨҩǡ鱦Ѱʦ𣬲Ȼһˣ꣬Ҫڵ۶ãã˺֮ҵʦǲܵģһ꣬ǻһЩ˵ע⣬ִ
Ͼ۶棬ǿҩǺ鱦󣬶ִ
˲ãҩǺ鱦󶼴ҩϢҩڵ۶һլǱš
ڲҶҩĹϵҶзԸǱûǰȥţǽҩסҶ
Ҷɽ֮󣬱鱦ڵس˸û˵ĵطԭģҩסȥ
Զȥ۶һΰĸɽɽƣȪ٣ľïʤգɼһƬֺĽȺ̻ԻͣܶӰշӡ
켶ϲſշӣɽϣ켶ϵ֮ޣ
һɹ֮⣬ɽЩӳյͬһʥǡ
Ҷִ֪ڣ
ִǶ½һ֮ҩǡ鱦פأ֪˶ٱ
ҶСӣ紫ִصģǲ԰ǿˣȴʨүң֪˺ħ󷨣ħȻ񺣾ˣʨү΢Щص˵
Ҷһݣû뵽ִѾǿֵزˣ
ԶɽȥһƬͨ˿ҪĤݣĿõһ˿ħ
Ҷʨү˵ʨү֪Ҫǿöࡣ
мȻĻܻᱻִ˶ϡ
סҶ΢΢ͷһ·͵ǰС
Сʱִ۵ĵЩӴ඼ʮϡһ·ȥ洦ɼȺִӣɴ˿ɼִµʮ֮ࡣ
ҶڵĴ磬һͨӵܣڽ˳ţע⡣
һСʱ֮ҩסңңˡ
ҩǺ鱦ڸѲӣעŴ˴լҶ⣬լ֮˽ȥ
լĿ֮Уϳ̸пѣ󶼹żҩʦ۵ĵӣʮˣ඼ȽᣬһɫϳɳصӣڼҲС
ʦ֣û뵽֮꣬Щ˻ܾһ𣬳ԣһ£˵ҩʦҩڵΪϣ֮ҩ಻ѷɫ
˶ҩҲʦ磬ȻҩЩʦ񽳲˺֮ܶ࣬Уȴµ
ܹ֮¾ףʵסֻǵ۶Űǵ䲻ʵ٣ʵƣɨλʦܵ£ΪʵڱǸҩЩ㲣û뵽̶̼·ô顣
ʦҶʦ࣬һûµġڼһԣ԰ο
ҩļλʦһۣЩĬȻ֪ģ۶ҲˣǻϾˡ
֮ʣҶ˽
ʦʦ֣Ҷݣ֣ҩڼʦǳҶ֮⣬ˡ
Ҷʦܣˣʵ̫ˣڼҶ¶ϲɫеԵĸˣӭ
ҩҲǼΪһվסҶ˫磬´Ҷһһаãŷοصͺãͺã
ҶλҩҲһЦǻΪҩе˵ģʧãһϲ£


426 ݷҩ
ʦ֣ǽղȲа
ȣһҪȣҩ𿪻Ц·һ˼꣬ҶһһҶ⼸λΪʦʦܡ
λʦáҶЦ⼸λҩʩ
ʦ֣ڼҩ֮УСͨ磬λأһԵҶһ˲ţǫ񣬲ص˵ͷǺʵҩΪСͨͨͨʦʦ񽳣ֻҪﵽҩ𼶱𣬶츳ˡ
ڼĿǰֻʮѣѾﵽҩ𾳽磬츳׿ֻҪ⣬δǰ;ǿҶҶֻʮ˾ѣڵӦòŸոŰɡ
λ츳׿ҩЦЦЩԺҶһӾⱲΪ԰顣
Īѵ߼ҩʦˣԱһҩȵʵʮ˾͵߼ҩʦҲǷǳ˵ˡ
ҩҡҡͷҶһҩ𣬴ͨ磡
ʲôҩĻ˾ð춼˵ʮ˾ǴͨҩǴ̥￪ʼô̥￪ʼҲûô͵İ
ҩǣҲû˾ž޵ţ
ʦ֣ʦܵ̾磬ʦӣҩǵĵӣߵҲǸ߼ҩʦ˷׷׵֮ɾ𺳲ѡ
ҩ΢ЦԼҲʮ⡣
յҩԬϵĳŵǿԼʦˡ
ҩѾǨ۶ȥʦĹˡ
λҩ겻ѣ֮УǶ˾ηҩ˭ֻ֪һЩʦŶزȥıǽĵӣ
ʦֻػҩôҩʵλҩҲҩ
̣ȥʦҲѾˣԹҲˡҩȻһЦЩȻζ
λҩҲпѣȻףѾȥô꣬ǣҲѾͷߵβ
Ҷһţ΢Щᣬʦò׿ػǽԼʦˣǻ޳ϮһЩ仯
һȥʦλȻҩ޹ϸ𡣡˵
ǰһҪȥһʦλҩҲֵص
šҩ΢΢ͷ
⼸λҩ֮ˣ
ҶҪȥ𣿡ҩҶʵ
šҶͷһҪȥģ˵Ҫҩǰҩǵġ
һ˳۶ҩڵķȥλҩʮλҩӣټҶܹʮˡЩҩӻͦദģҶܿ
Щҩڵ滹ģ˵ҶᣬѾǴͨҩʱȫĽѡ
ҩǵܲһǳլԺ۹йҩǸӹˡ
Ȼ۹壬Ҳǲҩֳ
йĹ֮λҩǵľͷ۵ƽʱһ㲻£ֻһЩ²Żһ¡ǹǰ˵֮ϣһӰϣӰƮ죬ģģ˿С
ƽϢΪһ塣
һǰҩǡһҩǵǰ̬ʮֹ̧ͷȥ
ҩΪ£֮Уһͳ˵ҩǽĵӣ޷ҩǳǽ죬Ҷóôҩǡ鱦ףרᵽҩҩһЩע
ݵҪǵʦѾʮԶϡǸҩǵʵ˵
ǱǼݾˡ±ʦţҩǳĮʵ
ڶ̫ϳ֮У൭ؿһԬ塣
Ԭȫû뵽ȻͻȻʴ£ȷʵݡʦŵģڵʱǲһСòС飬û뵽ճһǽĵӣ˶˳
Ǹҩǵӵ̧ͷԬ忴һۣ֮ͷԬ̫ϳϵĴ굤͵Ԭ̫ϳϻݡģԽʦšɲҪ׷ɵ
ҩǳ΢΢üԬ壬ʵԬ壬ȷд£
ǵģԬ岻Ͻ츳һŵӶѣα⡣
ȷʵ͵ģʦŵҲ֡ǵҩȷʵݵ͵𣿡ҩǳĿ⵭ɨԬ塣
Ԭʱоһǿѹ󲻽ð˿˿亹ȴǲ֪λش
ҩݵ͵ġԬ峤˵һ죬ݵ˵ĵУдﵽҩ𼶱𣬱ػǽһԵ
Ļҩǳһ·Ԭ壺Ԭ壬Ȼ㷸ģǾȥ
ǣԬ岻ұ粵
ҩǷֵĻ֮Уҩϣ϶һߣȻ뷢԰ףɫɫӣֻǴҩ˵Ŀ⣬Щӵɫ
ʦ֣ҵȥʦλʦλ̫ϳҩֵܺܶණѾˣǿȻǲһЩ
ԭߣҩĴʦ֣Ҷվҩԣ߰ӣһ˿áˣʦ˱ʦţ
ʦܣļλ̫ϳæúܣпչС¡飬λʦܿ϶ǿǰȥʦġʦֵôûмˣΣһЦһʱ䣬˲ٵӣҪλʦܽһ¡
䣬˴ӺԺ˳
ҩڼǼ֮ȫסˣϲһ˿֮ɫ
⼸Ǳҩʦŵ㡢Ƴɺͺ·棡
һߵߣҩڼһۡ
Ҷˣԭһжƶģ
ҩڼЩҶصʦʦֶö죬ˣȴò˵˼յĵҲ̫ûˮ׼ˣ⼸˶Ϊѧղʦǽģ⼸ӣȻܱʦΪӣò˵۹Щ⡣
ҶĻֿҩڼı飬ˣҲɵЩޣԭʦ˼ӡ
ɫ˱䣬û뵽һСˣһŭʲô˵һķݡ⼸ӶԸ˳µģ
㡢Ƴɡ·˷׷ӦŭҶ
ԴǴҩ˳֮ǲŷִϵرмӣкöָǼӣֲǣҲ֮ǸѵĿ๤ǲ˵ҩµӣк֡
ڣǲò˵ȥǻúܲҡ


427 ֪
ѵҶЩӣҩı飬ҩ޵ӣúܿ⣬뵱꣬Լڵ츳ö࣬Ϊܹõʦû뵽ʦȴʼûѺܶྫڽ̵ݵȼƽƽĵϣ
ݵˣеԵĿοݵҲϲԼˣңݵļӣ𼸷ֱĿС
飬ʦˣҵʦ˵һ˵Ҷ˵Ӷѣ˵˳ʦž˳ʦţʦ棡ʦм˵Ҫ˳ʦţʦôôǣ⼸ӣԼ˳ʦŵģǱʦϳȥġ
ΣŭصҶΣյС󵨵úܣײ
ʦյĵӣʦѣʦǣΪʦеҶϿҵصƺȫûпŭɫ
ҶĻ˲Ц
㡢Ƴɡ·ǺΨΨŵŵû˵
ŭѣҶĻ޴ӷŭ㡢Ƴɡ·һۡ
ʦ֣㡢Ƴɺͺ·ʶܲ˲Ǳʦţ֪ܽǣͶʦʦֽչǡҩһסҪ˵Ҷº͵˵ѾˣȥЩϾҲôá
һʱ䣬֮һƬž
˿ҩһۿ΢΢죬һʦ֮⣬ʦֱһˡ
㡢Ƴɡ·ԴʦʦԵ±Թ˶ԴǣҶҲΪʦĿе塣ȻʦΪˣҶԼһ״ԭ򣬴ҺõˣҼӱ֮ҲõˣҶӱ
Ҷɨһ㡢Ƴɺͺ·档
ʱ㡢Ƴɺͺ·ƺʶԼˣͷĬ
ҶţĲ˳ʺ㡢Ƴɺͺ·ҩôжǲܵģ
ǿŭɨһҶһµӣҲ˷ʦܹ̲ܽϰĵӣҪңŹ֣
ҶңͽѣԼ˵Ȩҩҡҡͷƽ͵˵
δɵëͷӣȻѣݣԽԽȥˡһڲ裬
ҪҪʦԸҶŲԸļһȥݺݵˣ
ʦһζòȴС˵ôߣҿСˣ˵ϻʲôԬ̫ϳϵĴ굤͵ģȴҪʦλʦܹˣѵѽͷ֮ߣҶɫصкܶҪŲԸ˵ϻ
˵굤˭͵ģǱȵβ͵èһŭվָҶʵ
˵͵ģҶõ˵
ҩ˶û뵽ҶὫ⻰ˣҶ̫ˣ嶯ˣҩǣǽĵطȻҲᱻʦˣ
ҩǵ֮ӴԶͨҶǸҲǲ
ҶȻ˵ʲôûˣﶼúܣҶԿ
ʲôϷҩʱ㻹֪أݣ̳ĺõôߺߣһ죬Ѫˣߵڰףˣⲻ֪صСӸץûʧȥǣָҶŭȡ
ɿؽΪĸ֣Ҷ˰Χ˹ȥ
Ҷ޹أһ֮ʦ֣ӦöףǿһȥԬ̫ϳϣ˵ҩ𿴵ЩΧվ
ڣʮֽţһսһ
ʱһ뷢԰׵ߴԺ˹ŭһһס֣ɺͳ쳹Ҷ֮⣬˶һѪڡ
û뵽Ԭ̫ϳϾȻˣΣϹϾվһߣ̫ϳϣĻŵҪ֪ղ˵ЩԬ̫ϳǲˡ
ԬĿɨҩˣʵݡǶԬĳǰĴãǲǲ
ݡλҩ𶼵ͷûӦԸΪԼףԬŭ𣬵ǲԸԼµӣԸԼί
ݵ˶˱ͽ׼û뵽Ԭ忴ǣȻȻһ̾꣬ҿĴˡ
ԬĻݡλҩŵ̧ͷɻѣû뵽õԬ̫ϳϣҲͷϴ
ȥǵʦɡԬڰ֣صһ
ʱսսоɲĪԬ̫ϳѾȷҩ͵ģ
ҩҩڼλҩǵӵ֮£ǰȥǵʦˣԼĪСʱŻԬһֱڻУǻ
ϲ裡Ԭף˰ֵ
ҩǵæҩ衣
ԸҩǽԬȻκα顣
ҶԬĻȻԼ֮ǰһЩٶЧˣԬЩ̬߰ȣҶ΢ЩˬԬʦػǽǶǵʩһ㣬֪ʦǻѡ
Ҷ΢ЩţʦܾԬ壬Ҷ׼ʦǵȥǵһʦλʦֵһһЩĵǵش
ʦѡػҩǣҶҲʦľ
ԬĻ˶ҩҩ֮УǺһЩġ
ʱҩȴҡҡͷʦǷԸػǽҲֻ֪ܹʣ¶ʮԪ鵤ҩҲ˶ˣ縡ƣȻѾʦ벻ǽҶԣѾҪˡ
ػǽҩԣζţֻҸط徲
Ȼʦ˾ҵʦһҲعҩˡλҩ𼸺ͬ˵ɼĿУҩĵλжߡ
ʦ縸Ȼʦָ֣
⼸λҩĻشԬһüͷ΢Щ죬ǳʣŲݵ˵ǸҲݵػǽ飬ΪǻԼж£û뵽Ȼܾˣƺе㲻̫ýѹ²͡
ƵĵҩУмǿԪģػǽΪǣǿɻһԪĵҩԬ˵΢΢鴤ǿɶأ
λҩŴԣֶϲؿҩǵȻϣҩԻøһЩ
ҩȴҡҡͷл̫ϳϵ⣬ҺεºܣܲĵҩȻƢºͣǣԸԬĶݡ
ȻԾڴˣǱˣȻǳȥԬűܣЩŭԬʲôʱȰ˵ˣݵǲʶôȻסҲ˽ɫ䵭վҲݵһۣ뿪˻ʹ
ʦܾԬ壬Ҷ滹ͦ˵ģɨһԬȥıӰ°ͣԬղſ˵мöԪĵҩ
Ҷһʱڵ۶ϿƲ֮ϷСϸӦһЩѶϢӶ£֪ҩǵļ֮С


428 Ȼʼ
ԪĵҩҶҩһЩôȤ
ǷʦģǸʦһ㲹ɡҶа
Ԭȥ޺޵صҩ˼ۣҲǷ޷뿪ˣͷ˿ӣֹȴҲǸ뿪
ˣҲվ׼ȥ
ԬҲ֪ôˣ˿һٵǡ
ǰ̫߳ˡ
СţЩ⣬ԬΪˣںܶǰͿˣıʵЩ
ҶȻҲ˵ЩʲôҩȴؿҶһۡ
߰ɡҩ΢΢һЦʦҲȴһ׮Ը
һ˳ҩǡ
ʦ𣬼λʦ壬м飬Ҳ֪Ҷҩ˵
˵޷˵ͷǶҩӻΪϲģȴ費ѵõǶԴҲʮǫѷ
ʦͼλʦȻܾҩǵ룬۶ٴȥҲûʲô˼۹ǱߴһǵҪһʦͼλʦǰȥ򡣡Ҷ̹׵ؽԼļƻ˵˳
ҶСӣǵĹģеɵۣҶȻԼòСӹҼŪ˸Сǰɣ޳Ű£һСҪʵ̫̫ˡ
λʦģҵǵģԣҵĻʼǿߣʮλǧڣǳ֮дԼһ˿ڣѾʦˣȱһЩҩʦҪ޳֮ȥҩʦǱزٵġҶ渵Ͽҵصҿʦ뼸λʦǰȥ򡣡
ʼʮǧĲڣһ˿ڣҵ죡
˱һ־ðλزʵԶǵҩҲҶڶ̶ʱ֮ڣȻô飬ӴһȻ޷ҩǵȳᲢۣҲ㹻Щˡ
ҶʦֶѾʼǿˣһҩ𾪵ʵ۾ɵϴ뷢Ҷ´񿴹һ
Ҷе㲻˼ӣڨڨصͷ
˵õҶ϶Ĵ𸴣޲ȻʧɫеԸӣǰɬʮ˾ˣѾǴ˵еʼǿˣ
ҩڼҲЩԾҶĳɳٶʵ̫ˣǵ֪УǰҶͣû뵽ٴ֮ʱѾԾһ󾳽磡
Ҫҩڼ֪ǰҶʵʵֻ𼶱ʱΪͻͽ׽ʼ»𾪡
ʦֶССͣȻɾͣҵȺա𾪹󣬲ɿЦһ棬ǶҲϲҶ
ʦξԸʦ֣λҩ׷׵
Ҷʦڴ
޳ϮͿ̿Ψв׳ǵøİմȥҶҩϵص
ҩĬƬ̵ȻĻͼΰҵ֮ȻֻѸߣܶ飬
ʦЩ̫ĻƣÿֻڽڵӼɣ統һҶЦҩԸǰǵ˷ܲѡ
ҩͬ⣬λҩҲ׷׵ͷڼǵһλҩļ룬ټλҩҲһЩ츳ĵӣǵĵ֮󣬶Ȼ
Ͱ˻ʦλʦ塢ʦǰǵҶҪǰȥ̽޳Դ޷ҩˣȴˣֻҪ֧һЩ꼴ɡ
۶֮һЩרŸίɢǿߡ޳٣ʶüΪϡȱЩɢǿΪ棬ҲֻܽӸֻ׬ȡǿʵвϵģǮ㹻ܹ࣬ӶʼģǻҩǰǵӦûʲô⡣
ҶһֻСԶԶطӶСϵһϣһǬ
С͵ı£ҲǺѷɫ
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˰ʱҶͨ鱦󣬹Ӷ˶ʮɢǿߣʼģжʮģһȺ˱ҩǰǵ۸һٿжʮ顣
Ҷ֧ģĿǰΪεĶ֮һȻŰϵĻ޻Ƿǳٵģô˻ҩˣȫϵܸߣܶ˻ǷǳԸġ
Ҷôҩðգ
һЩҪʦԼλʦ塣Ҷ˵ţóһЩٵЩ飬˵ٵһſӼʮԪÿ˽ʳһţʦλʦһһšЩ飬˸Ϊ֮лϹ֮
ô񣿡ҩݣû뵽ҶȻĶЩ飬ҩʦ˵޼֮
ʦλʦϵ׳ܸ֮һ¥˵ش󣬻ʦλʦ岻ҪƴǣҶ˵ٵЩǿҩˡ
ʦ֣ҶʦֶҪǳ˰ˣϹͷˣپ٣ľͺáЦǺǵصҲǷǳ뿴ҩ٣øá
ҩҲҶƢԣҲƴǣͷˣ˫ֲĥЩķ棬䱦
ЩֶѾڵˣʦλʦ塢ʦߺáҹ£֮󣬾ͻ᷵ǵҶ˵ҩ˳ȥ
渺ҩЩǿǴҩ˳εض𣬳ԶӶȥ
ܿأЩʧƶˡ
Ҷ֮ôżҩͼλʦߣҲΪҩǱ߲鱻ԣɵҩϡ
ҩһǣҩǵҪҵǣͱȽˣ˭֪ҩıˣ
ȻЩٶпҩע⵽ǵʱҶŲЩһЩǳֶΣǵô׳
ʦͼλʦǵΪǵ֮⣬ҶһЩıЩʦͼλʦĸ֣
ҶӶģЩܺõɢǿߣʼͶʮҶڼʦָͨʨӻЩֽʦͼλʦ廤͵ǵ֮󣬱ܵǵĿǿźʨͣһ˵ģ
֪޳ҶлΪȵġ


429 ǳˮ
ҩǱһʱỹûзֶ͵ҩ֮Ҷڵ۶ߵҲѾ˽ᣬ׼ǰ̨ζԸֻޡ
ããȻ̨֪籵ֻҪȥ˱һǿҵ̨籵ġ
ҶִڵɽȥȻһ͵ľ
ѵ޳Ϯִһ㶼żһ㶼ûҪѰһ޳ԴԸޣޡ޵ȵȶһûǻֻۣ֪бɱ¾гִ̫ϾĴڣִҲ뱣ȫ
ִ˼ԸޣȻ˷ɱ̨籣ֱ
ʨү˵ִλٲȻǿԳ񺣾ĳڣλһֱû֮ǱһЩͼɡλʨү˵ǫ̂籣Ҳ޷֮Կ
ôҪȥ̨һΪá
֮ǰҶıһòȥ鱦һˣϡֵԼһν׵ʱ䣬鱦һսҶ׼ٹʮף
ҹֵܣǸġ½׺óһԲεˮ壬һܹյù͸ϹâתĪ⡣
ǺҶӹǸˮ壬ܵǳ֮мƣĸɻʵ
ǳˮǳ֮ʯϵǳ֮ƶɣ֮鱦һϹżлã鱦󼯺Ϊŵʮλʦһƣܹһٶǰ޳Ϯ鱦һֱţܹһЩãһͬޣ뵽˴˷ֻҪǳˮԼ¼֮Ӱ˲䴫䵽ǳˮϡϽܵм԰ǳˮʵ鱦һ
ǳˮ˲䴫Ӱ񣿡Ҷ΢΢һû뵽鱦Ȼǳ֮ʯĶ
鱦Ѿǳˮ͸ִһһȵȸ󳬼ĵƽ̡һǷֻ޳Դ˽Կ֪˵õöǳˮǵھʮ߿ţʮŶѾַȥˡ
鱦ˡҶϵصǳˮû൱ģκһֻ޳Դ˲䴫
ҶԭΪԼ̨µĺһǹ¾սڲŷ֣кܶ취Ը޳ġ
̽һǳˮǳ֮ҶʲôǳˮӦû൱ӵġ
鱦ޣϣܹϸһԸ޳ʱʲôжϡ˵
һҶ֣صص˵ͷ
ǳˮҶǰҲܽϢ̨ˣ
ϵ֮Ҷ˵۶շӶȥ
۹ԭһ˿ڶڣǻ޳Ϯ֮Ŀ꣬Ҷһ·ӣǰǱ޴ݻռĳǳء
ǧŷһõĳǳأǧ˿ڣ̫ϡ޼ǿߣʮ
ĳһޡеĳռ۳ǣԴԿ޳
˵۹ڣ˵۶֮⣬аǳûݣ޳ϮЩĳЩǣһҲסˡ
Űʱ֮ҶǴճѨɽΧ͵컻մ󷨸ıһòȻǳˮ¼һС
Сϸ֮ǰһճѨ֮У֮ǰһ͵ȡֻ޵ĲƱƬ̣ճѨ֮ٴδֻ޷ŭ֮ӳѨ֮˳ŭ
С͵һѶ֮ﳤȥҶ¼һЩӰȻɱ롣
һϤϣֻһֽɫĵģɫ޵ĵпǴġֻɫ޷֮ĳڣһصĸֿ¶Ķ֣֮ڣ񺣾ɱ񺣾֮ǰһڣʵʱǸɵʱֻɫλ۹ǧﴦҶһ˵ţһ߽Ӱ¼ǳˮ֮С
֪ǳˮǷЧҶǳˮֻǳˮ棬һһĹâصҶ治ѡ
ûãǳˮϴһӰһ꣬ĸߴ࣬Ӣ䲻һ˵ơ
һȷֻɫǴһֽɫĵз΢΢ü֪ʮֽɫĵֻɫ֮⣬ˣ
ߴӢ꣬ȻǴ˵еĶ½һһƿߣҾ˵׷̨籣뵽Ҷвһ˿ӵһ˲ţǶ½һ֣һ쵼ߣǸ̨һȷʵǼΪ䡣һ뺣һˣִҲҪɵһ
ҺڻħһҲõֵ;ʧˣ
һҲõֵڻ;У˱ɱֻԭط˼Ƭѵĵǡ
յҶӰ֮󣬸ҡϹѪ쵼߷׷ǵĻ֮Ҷŷ֣ԭⲢûô򵥣ǽɫ޾Բֹһֻ
Ҳ˺һĵ伮ֻޱҺһΪѪףǻһ嵱зǳϵһִڣΪ꣬ɻϵĸ֣֮꣬ɽ񺣣൱ϵǿߣѪࡢޡ޵ΪʳҲԻޣ̨籵ӰҲǳˮ֮Уһ֮Уɫ˿ȹȻǰ߹š
Ҷ͵컻ոĻǫ̀ҲûϳҶ
֮ڣ񺣣һ񺣣ͨĸǶ֣֮ڣҪҵѪףУ©һֻҲУ
󳬼ǿ߽ü˼˳Ĭ⣬ʵЩ֡
ȻѾһֻǾȽɱ̧ͷص֮ұһǰɱֻѪף
һԸһһ֮
ҺڻħһԸһһ֮

ҺһǡҲһЩʱǰ̨ƽ˵һ䵭ȴû˵׷ʲô
мϹѪһңӣһ岻Ҳû£̨֪Ը䣬Ϊ⣬һЦ
ϹѪҷ׷ױ̬Ҷа裬ӿʼڣڼ½쵼ߵִ˾ûгֹǵûյϢһԹۣд㣿
ҶǳˮԶȥֻѪ׷ֳѨαԣŭޱȣڴһɹǿͷŶ
Ҷ⸽ôˣӶȥɳʮ֮ͣ¡
Ѫ׻̫ǿˣ֪һܷɱֻѪס


430 Чң
Ƭ֮Сವһ˹
СӹǬɨһۣǬвǳ֮ʯħսΪˣճѨöࡣʵ㹻ܸɵֻѪ׾ͺˡϧڵʵȥĻֻ
ҶӣЩеûģһǬĶǳ֮ʯжٶ飬ħս߼
Щǿǵʵ
СҲֻǰѪһֲƱѣҶ룬ѪڱŭڣʱǲҪˣȹʱ䣬Ѫ׻ûбɵٹ
Ҷһ·Ӷȥ׼۹бٻǵ̨֪﷢ʲô˳·ȥҲ޷
ɽȥһȥȺӵĻڴ֮׷ЩҴޡ
ҰĴׯɽկʲôģˣҰ٣вޡޣΪһЩصıֶβҲΪ
Ҷһ·ɨ˹ȥأײǧ޵Ļ
ܹģǻ츳ѪͳǿĴڣɵЩһΪһЩѹ
ǻ̫ˣɱ֮ҶҲôˡ
ʱһЩ˳Ļ޷գͼɱҶҶ͸ױʿӳ컭ꪽնɱ
ۣѪһ׹ȥ
أ˱Ե۹ҲǲԶˣҶڵķٶȣ֮ڱɸϵǵԶȥһƬãã󺣡
ʱԶһЩҶע⡣
޳ӿǧƵĻ޾£ںһƽԭǻ޳뿴ȥϰޡޱЩΧм䡣
Щޡ֮УĴڣڣһ۷塣
ĸ֣Щޡ޿Ѿȫˡ
ǧƵĻ޵УҲڵĻޣǲϵش߶޴һһĽ
磬Ѿ·ˣһ˵ıһɫߡ
ЩΧޡǿΧͷĻޣеľɫҵ
ǴһɫԵĻĮһ·ߣ˵۹Ǳоصĳǳأ׼ǰ۹Ѱӻһ·ԽԽĻ׷ǵĺ棬һ·ɱѪɺӣԭӽǧ޴Ѿֻʣ˰ֱΧ˺ߣǰȥ·׷ȻǱɡ
ǲܵ۹ˣ
ѵȫΪ޵ʳ
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սڣ;ƣߣȫƾһǿţ޵мڵĻʮֽƻûԾֻʱʱ͵Ϯһ£ҪĹ˼ͽͽ϶˺صˡ
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СǣһɱҲȥˣȫȼǱܣ׼һս
ɱ·ޡ۾ҲˣŭĴ£ԱͻΧ
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ˣǸ񣬶ʮһˣҪȥǳ顣
ƴֿǿκεϣ⺣Աߵɳ̲ǵ֮أ
Ǻɫսӥɫ߻׵ľţշɱ¾ǧĻޱ˺飬Ѫͬٲһк£ǧƵĻ֮УȻС
ڵĻҲʱû͵Ϯ
ۣЩ޾״ϣɲ˿ڣѪĽ
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ЩޡǿԼͬսΪ˻ǵʳȴı䣬ΪŸĻޣ
ѾˡǺɫսӥԡѪ¶һ˿飬һӵżߵǻۣ׽Ѿע
׷磡ɫߺ;ţػںɫսӥߣԿӿĻޣԼʱûڻޡ
͵ΪԼɵʱһǿޱȵĻߺɨأʱгǧܻ˻Ļ޴׹䣬ǵĻȫ顣
ֻڵĻ޷Ʋ޴ﵽ֮ѾһЩ򵥵ǻۣ׼ߣͻȻ֮䣬Աһʮ׵Ľױʿƾճ֣ľץ
ֻۣڵĻȫױʿץȻ֨֨
ױʿһƻӳֻĻޱǾɨУأȫը
ౣһԽ֮һ裬һֻ;޴ȫȼźɫĲڻ˺һֻ׳˶ޱȵİɫϬţڻ֮ҡ
ڻ˻֮һ·Ļ޻ΪҽɫϬţ嵽Ļ޶ײĩ
Ƭ֮䣬ЩޡܱߵĻǱɨһա
Щޡ㶵ؿޱǿĳڣһ˲֮ȫӿһĿϲٺǱΪԼˣû뵽ͻȻת׾ˡڻ˺Ϭֻգۼ¾ڵĻ޻԰ƵĻޣΧȫˡ
Ǻɫսӥɫߺ;ţҲڵȵӦʲô˷ܵûǣˣ
̫ǿߣ
һ
ǵþˣɫ߸˵һСǣ˿ڣ۵˻˻ֱȻڴЦ
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ɫսӥ·ȸԾͽͽٿ˷ֵܣиһֻأܿ侲
ױʿڻˡϬ¾޵ʱҶշӶ温ɫսӥɫߡţţôܽأϾǱȽѵġҶټֳˣ׼Żѱ̫Ͼޣ
ҶնǺɫսӥɫߺ;ţһۣȫǰӭ
ĮӥĮߡĮţԸΪѣ˶Ҷ񣬸Ҷ˳֮⡣
һ·׷ɱһߣҶǣĻж⣬ǼʶҶǿͶҶǺǵΨһĳ·ʱ򣬻ϽҶĴȣѵű޳Եô
Ҷ룬˼ԼΨһĻᣡ


431 뱱
ǵԺǿԽҵҶ˵ûǵǱߴһ˿ѶϢߣò˶þͻӦǡǿԸǵ
Ը⣡
Ը⣡
֮ԴǲԶǧΪǰ۹ͶһǵʵԶԿԽԽ͵Ļ޳
Ƭ֮󣬻޳ɱ˳ȥ䣬һʱˡ
һӣǵֶҶΪġ
òڻ˺ϬǰǵһҪȥһˣҶ˵ȥ
ǣ͵Ƕԣܹҵһпһǳֵҵ飬ǿĿҶǿ
Ҷշӣת۾ͽ˱򣬷ȥããޱ޼ʣηˮӣ˲һػ׳֮С
вʱӹһֻֻŸżҲᷢһЩɫķлޡ
ǻ޽Խٵ򣬵Ҳǳ˲ٻޡ
̨֪ηҶԭȵǫ̀ǿߵĸ֪ܿѾԼĵ
̨籲ûѵæʲô飿
Ҷӣһ£߶ǵص˳ȥ̽źµ硣
չ֮Ҷŷ֣»ǲ̫ƽ
Բǧĺ֮ڣĺĴ׷ɱһЩɫ̵ľ㣬ЩǧƣѪ죬³һѪ֮ЩһҲǻޣ
⺣֮£ȻҲܻĻޣҶľѣ޻޿ײ룡
½أ΢һЩٺһĿǰƣڱ׷ɱ״̬
˿ұһԶǧ֮⣬һߴӰշ
Ҷ˹ȥǸնģһ׶ľ޺һ׳ļ⼫ΪʵҪƤһһѾ޴棬̨籵ĺЩơĳֻ࣬߳һ٣ָֺϻ롣
׳һʼǿߣʼصӡ
Ҷ׳ʱ׳ҲڴҶһʮ˾ˣȴ͸ԷΪעҶĿⲻ˼أ֪ǵѡ
ǵ֮ҶҪҶԶԶش˹ȥ̬ǫ͡
ǵ֮Ǿ޺֮΢΢ͷصɫ˼֣Ϊһǿߣ½ϵ˵ָƣ֪½½һ̨ΪѺ֮һҶ˸ƣ׳
׳Զӡ
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ƺҶȽһ׳ķٶȼ죬ںһӶһɫľˣΪ׳ۣҶȻظں棬ҶΪˣ˾Բ򵥡
Ƿܹ뺣׳ͷص̬ȱ֮ǰΪ׺һЩ
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ԡҶͷ
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Ҷ̨λ̫ϳϵĶԻ˵ǰ״һλ̫ϳҪһˣһĽ̨籣λ̫ϳҪ̨籣̨ȴе㲻⡣
̨籵Ըôڱ˵İţ


432 ǳ
ˣڵҺʹصأ˲̤㡣һ̫ϳֱӶҶ˵Щ䵭
ҶоԼΧĺˮ·Ҫһ㣬޷һεǽ赲ǰ޷һ
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ҶСӣСӣСǳĽʺޣ⼸̫ϳϣӶһˣҲûн̨籵Ĺ뷿ǷϻʲôȽȥ˵ʨүٺаЦ
Ҷط˷ʨүһ仰˵öԣЩһϻʲôȽȥ˵
ҶʲôֻǾã̫ϳ̨籼޸е㲻ԣΪ˺һ壬ҲûҪ̨籰ɣ̫ϳϿҲǱġ
⣬Ҷǳ̫ϳϰԵ̬
»ǲҪǿˣλ̫ϳǲͬġҴȥҰɡ׳ϿҵضҶ˵Ҷλ̫ϳͻ
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Ժ֮У˺ܶ໭棬һǵǴɽżҶڴǾǿһڽ֮أҶԹĹʯǽǾ˻𣬻бǴҶԼˡ
̨˪飬ȴһ˿˿ļ¶һĨǳЦͬһ侲ŵĳɣס
ֻǹô̵ʱ䣬ѾɳôѾһ֮꣬Եʲô̶ȣ
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ȻĶⶫǴģҶ֣ıȻС


433 Ԫ
֮׹ģ˼֮ģޱȼ̵ı㵱УȻ񺣾ǿ߿Ҳ˲䱻⡣̨峺УһԵ
ȻܹʲôãҶ֮ģȻ񺣾ǿ߶޷ǵһط绹صĵطȥ˽⡣
ֻ̨֣У鷺źɫƬϸıһ
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׹ʱɢ˺ܶƬõƬִӦҲõ֪Щõˡ̨ɫ֣صصǳĵƬͺܶǿĸ֣
ѹ̨籿˶̵ʱ֮ڣء
ǳģ㻹ʲôҶľѣ֪֮һвһЩ뷨֪Ƕ׹ںδ
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ҶϽץ̧ͷɻؿ̨籡
öǳĵƬǸġ̨ɫƽ޲ԼͳĲʲô˵Ķ
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Ҷ˿̨籣΢΢һЦ΢Щж̨籵Ըһˣȡ
ҾˡҶҲûи̨籿ȷҪöǳĵƬСĵؽ
̨һӣֻˮϿյӰٴл޾ãã󺣣ĺС
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Ϊһ壬ԼУͻȻһȫ֪ĹżֳһЩǿ̫Ͼޣܲţ
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Ҷ̨ڿտΰĴ֮УΧûһŮеһжԼõģҾζõʮ£ֲʧܰЩҾߵĮ̇籵Ӧòô˪
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ĪǱһЩһĳЩ
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434 
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ȻֻԶԶؿһ̨籣Ǹе㡣
֮һ˼Ψһһ̨ܹ籵ˣᣬѾǴ½һǿߣ¹ľߴҷ緶һͺһػһִ֮ϵĳ
ʵǼԶҶ֮ϡ
ĪǺ²ϲĳǿߣϲԼСҶ֣
ڶ೤иִ⣬мĵϣжҶĽʣ޲л̨һ׷󣬾Ҳֵˡ
ֻһ뵽̨˪飬ǻһֻҲ˲ĥ̨ǰֻ¹Ҷ࿴һۣһ˿ð˵̨ƽȶԻˡ
һڳд⣬˴֮С֮ʱֻһ֮
ˡ
ˡһںһĳǷ׷׹ء
Щ뷨СĶԻᶼ֪˰ɣһŵûֱð亹Ǳһŭ֮£һȫɱˣҲǲκη
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ֻǿ̨ԼҲףҶһЩ
˵һҪӣǲԸ⣬֮ǰҴǳˮϿӰ֣ȷʵһ˲ţʵ棬Ǻųƶ½һ֡Ҷ˵Ҳûбκι۵㣬ĵһ۸л㲻
ҶĻ̨ü΢һҶ
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ִ飬Ѿ֪ȥɣҺһҪƬżҲǰ֪ͨġ̨˵
ŮˣΪԼĻǵ˰ɣҶԼ˵ˣֹȻŮ˶С۵ģǱ֮Ҳһ
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Ҫô忪ʵɫʮֹ
Լ̬ȣǫЩˣҶ룬ҲȻˣղʱΪҶһ̨籵ˣӦ֪ˣԼ̨籵ѣ̬ȾһЩ仯
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Ȼղ뺣һ̫ϳϷһЩ죬Ҷ⺣һӡ󻹲
彫Ҷһ·͵˺ߡ
ǷѯһЩ飿ֹʵ
ʲô飬ʰɡҶͷӡ㲻
ڵʱ򣬱ǷҸ£һ£ǿʵ
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Ҵһл£Һһǿսʿǧ츳ΪΪ׿ˣҲ츳׿ǵĺӣضҺһδǿսʿǰ˵̬ʮֵĳϿҡ
Ҷôϵ̬ȣЩץ⺣һԴ浽ȱң˵̫ḻˣԼ̨籵ڵôһСôͱôȻӶ뵽ˣ
˵ˡҶЦֻɣʺҲʺĸо
᣿ʮɻ󣬷Ҷµڵ˿̤㣬¼Ȼܽȥ¶ȻǷǳܵĹϵѵ𣿡
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ԼڵֱӺúһ˶Լ̨籷ʲôΪڵ൱̨籵Ĺ뷿
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ҶתתǺȻ¶һ˿аЦƽױռ˱ˣôҲһУ
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ҶĻֱ㶵ؿҶȫûʶҶںŪģԲ˰죬Ҳȫ޷̨ӡ
Խ˪Խܹ㶮ҶһĪص
죬ãȻҡҡͷͷ㶵ģһ̵ӿҶ
ҲһβǱңǱ£⻰ö˰ɣҶ㶵ӣеЦȻúŪˡ
סˣȻ˹۾һӵɵùԲŵؿҶŵüֱܹʮˣһ˼ӡ
˾Ҫһ㣬һŮ˾ȷǸ׷󲻵Ů˵ġǱŮǿˣҲҪҪ˸ůܻҶ˵۾Ҳգһ£Բѵغ塣


435 ֮
ͷ屻ԼƵתҶаˬѣ̨˵˵һԼ˺ڹԼҲҪһڹУǫ̂վһѹȷʵܴһˡ
ĥ˰죬Ҷ˵ûˣһȭһֵֻģžһ죬ص˵ͷԭ˰ֲǺһûһ׷£ԭǲ
忴ҶĿ⣬ʼӹ˳ݡ
Ů˺һ˵ΣŮ˲ʱ򣬸ôƨɻҪƨɣҶһ˸ƣ¶ֻζӣĴ̨籵ƨɡ
Ҷ飬Ĵһ죬˵ͷҶͶˣȻµƨɶҴǰһͿ
ȻˣҶ룬һ˻ǵԼһͨȻҲˣ̵̨ͦķΣʲôʱҪƣָлܲ
ҶشʱҶͻȻһŭ
˵Ųɱ㣡̨дһ˿ŭûƽʱ侲Գ֣ƺЩܻ
Ҷ򱱺һֿۣ˿Աߵ壬Ӧų̂籵¶һ˿΢Ц֪Ϊʲôȴһţ̨籲ɱˣǲҼų̆ˡ
֪Ϊʲǫ̂ڵ飬ҶͻмЦ
ò˶ãһģˣҶЦǺǵضշӶȥ
۳ݵؿҶһ·ԶȥıӰˣһһҪҶԼϴҶһԼӮЩŮķġ
һԸʮ꣬һֻһ£ЩŮԴ鶼棬ѡ¶ΪأʵǿҪҵһĺһŮҲǺѡ
ҶӰܿʧʣ̨ջݵλԸȻǲʲôģֻǱҶռ˱ˣ̨ƽҲɵӿһ˿ҧҧӨ׵ıݣмֲޡ
⿪ˮȴǲ֪ΪΣǰǰտ¼ˡ
֮ǰ̨籣ͬһĵܣҶղ˵ЩͷĻ̨̲סݸһЦ˲ʱ䣬ǽ̻Ի͵ˮЦ֮ƺ˼֡
кһ˿һĻ󣬹ƻᾪһ°ͣԭ˪ı£Ҳ¶ǵЦݡ
̨ǳЦ֮ʱǧ֮
̨һüͷǺһصλ̫ϳϵĻ
ȻΪ֮λ̫ϳϵĵλȴǸ߹̨֮꣬籵ĸףҲǻءΪصλ̫ϳϣںһ嵱Ǽġ
ҲֻһЩٶԿ̫ϳϣֱַ
֪λ̫ϳΪ£̨籵͸ڵ֮⣬׵Цգָֻŵɫ
£ʾ棬֮˵һԲһˣһһûлԼһλ̫ϳϵΪºͣҺһǧ츳սʿΨһһлõ洫еˣûҪһ
̫ϳϵĻ̨˪ɫԻϢҲ˼֣λ̫ϳϻìܣΪοġ
ֻǣһӦʡǸ̫ϳϻһתֵȻºͣ͸¶һ˿
λ̫ϳ˵̨籲ɫص
޳ϮȻʱΣ󣬵ǴӳԶȻвҺһ壬֮ҲԤʾΣգΣ٣ԱµԸ񣬶ȻΪҺһսˣζţҺһѪͳ޷ȥˡλ̫ϳϵбǡ
̨ü΢ڣ̫ϳϼ˵ȥ
̫ϳϼ̨ûʲôӦһ£οڣһ£ӵһǳǿѪͳУȻǷǳʵġ
̫ϳ˵̨Щ䣬⻹Ƶԭĵط̫ϳϵĻص²ᣬԲܡ֮˼ˡ̨ܽܡ
Ϸѻ˵ꡣλ̫ϳæ΢ЦȻѪͳ֮˵Ӧ˸ΪǿѪͳԱ»һѡǾǰȥǸˣ
̨Ŵԣ΢΢һ֪ΪΣûղǰϴʾܾǳĬ
֮еλ̫ϳһۣգգۣ¶һĨЦݣϷ
̨ϣűһΪ߹Ѫͳһһʣǿ֮µĺȻԱ֤ѪͳĴͬʱǿߵѪͳѪͳøǿ
̨籵ĸ൱һ۷Ⱥ̨籵ĸ׽ϣ̨̨֮ȻŴıѪͳҲȫһ£˴ıѪͳ̨类ĸ׵ŵ㣬츳Ż׿ٶԶͨеĳŻҪ졣
ǵһӣҺһ֮Ҳоο޳Ϯǽµĺ֮УҲػᱣƽ
̨籵ѵ¶˼ֳɣҧݣβŵȨһ
ȻҶ޶У֮ҪȻܹȻܵģֻһʱ˵
ԺһԣϢΪѰ顣Ȼ̨űѪͳĸףǸŵŮӣԸȴӰȻϵıȻƽ޲ȴǲƽϢ
Ҷ뿪֮󣬾ֱǵڵԶɽȥһ·ϣ˼ҡ
ԭ繲½ꡢϻġ½֮໥ͨмԪ½ȴǱڽƵ֮á
֪Ԫ½ԭգ־˭ǰӴĽƣ
һ·˼ҶҲѯʨүȴҲ𰸣ֻܵȴպȥЩܡ
Ҷܿͻصǵǵ֪ҶȫϢʱһƬڡ
޳ŰҶĴڣǵĹǣ
ǵ쳽
쳽ǵĵãֺޱȣ˲ܺϱľߴʮףڿտĵУ˺ıڶžͼϸ֮£ᷢЩǵḶ́һ˵Ӱ̻ΪߴΰǾǵĴʼߡҶ
̳¶ϣͷӳ£ɢĹâ׵ˣһѾ޴ݻӣҶϡ
쳽ҶһοʱǺݺݳ鴤˼£Ҳ̫ŹѪ˵㣬Ѿ䡢ƵҲĴǵϣҶҲֻýˡ


436 ؾ
Ҷϵĵϣ·ֻǵļλԼλǿ߶гɼţڴˡ
Ϊ׵ļˣֱҶս졢ͨʨ䡢ƣԼ콣õаõаõ񣬻иոսĵĸҩ⻹һҶոֻɫսӥ
վЩ˺󷽵ģΪȽϸߵǿߣŵúܳټĵãվ顣
Щ֮⣬߸վһšЩҶӶҩǵǿߣܹʼʮЩ˾󲿷ֶ뿪ˣʣ߸ѡ
߸ڻ޳֮ǰ۹ɽ֮УִѹƣǴӲֱ֮޳֮ų֣۹۶
ûʲôϻ޳ϮѷǲòһЩ飬׬ȡһЩǿʵֱҶؽӶǣǵ֮ͨʨֺôסˡ
ʼʮȻˣѱǵǵȻչѸ٣ϾոսûãЩƳȣ̻ǲ
ҶףԼͨʨһ鶼ֻʼѣǿ߻ǲ̫ˡ
Ҷǵδǿš
·ˣҶȻһԺУչ񣬶̶̼ڣǵжʼʮ
ĳɹҶ൱ģʮѵѵʮսս
ҶԼħսԼʮս׷ָҶս졢ҶɡҶ读ǵһЩ츳׿ĵӣһǿߵѾǿˣЩս׶һЩӸá
Ҷ鱦󽻻ʮϽҲַ˳ȥħսסսϽһЩΪﵽǿߣҲԸͨ⣬൱ڶ˺ܶǿǿߣ
֮⣬ҶǵܱߵĶʮɽ֮ϣ򽣽
վ⳯ɽֻʮǳɽǳһޱȻֺ޴Ҫ
ҪϷĳ裬£ľĽâӿ˸˸һһһ㹰ŶʮǳأеؽѪֹ
һ·һĻ¶Ҫľǵķʵ̾Ϊֹ
ҹƣһ¸߹ңʵĹԣȺ˸׺Ļϡ
Ҷɽ֮ϣϢͷŶɽҰͬǹһϢҶȫһ
Ҷ֮ǰѾ֣ǵһԴȵԼٶȡ
һĸоҶȫ֮Уͬһྻ
ЩӵϢ뵽Ҷ֮ǵҲһЩ䣬ǵϢ׳Ҳʼһ˿˿Ϣѿ
ĪЩϵǿˣǱϢѾ㹻ǿˣҶֶһϢ֮󣬿ʼһ̥ǵɱ䡣
һ΢ƽ⣬ȡȻ󷴲ʹ˫Ի棬һּΪµ״̬
Ҷڣת֮ǴռԽԽ󣬾Ҳ׳󣬾֮еľſһ㣬ոԵĹУ·µĴΪһ壬ĶںȻ֮УҲһ̲׳˽׵ıݡ
Ҷ֮ʱֻҶղصԻñͻȻ¶ɢ͵ĹΣȻ˶ҶͷϿա
Իñһ£еԣ׵ĹմأƬʶλõĹУһֻޱȵľβè¹⡣
ͨ崿ףûһ˿ɫ˳ë»Եӳ£ɢ˵Ĺ󣬾ɵβ󻺻ҡҷСèļʱͦʱԵÿɰޱȣһ˫۾ź飬˸ſɰĹâ
Сèϵ¹⣬һ׵Ŀڱ֮¶ɢʵĹԣʥ÷·һ̾Ҫʧһ㡣
·ҶɽȺǵĸǳУкܶ˱߱Ĺâˣ׷̧ͷߡ
ǰ㣡Сͯɵ̧ͷգг˾ϲ뵽ǰͰദĵΣСһᣬ峺˫нӿһˮ㣬ڻˡ
һЩǵɽèһ˶ʱ棬Ҳаĸĸ֪ԭ껹š
Իñ飬èһʥʨèһļ߲ɶݣûʧôõԻñ飬ˣèһ彫Ҫ𣡡
ʨµèһ干ʮ֧ʮֻèɽèһֻһ֧ܹèȫèһ嵱ΪȽϳɫģΪĶڻ޵֮ˡ
һֻֻèȫɫ׷׾ۼҶͰڵɽ£͵ſкԻñĹԣֹԣèһ˵޼֮
Իñ׹Ե֮£ЩèǻٶһЩɱ䣬·ڵԭʼѪһ̱һ㣬ڼ̵ʱڣè೤һβͣЩ
ԭèһ嵱УβҲββѾϺĳˡڣһӶ˺üֻ߰βèβèǶ಻ʤЩΪѷɫģҲ೤˰β͡
ɽ£׻һƬȫǻҡҷŵèβ͡
ʱԻñĹ֮Уöݺȣشﵽÿ˵ĶС
ѵʾèһ壡УԻñͷϷʥĹƻãׯأ·èһˣһϢ
Իñߣ峤
ҵԸ峤ѵʾ
ʧϵЩèǷ׷׹иߺţмǳķ֮èһ壬һͬ峤
ʱ˿̣Ҷ밢Ļཻţٴο꣬Ҷ˫ǱˮģˣǿŲû
꣬ٿ㣬ãҶ૵˵ţ֪ûΣգԻñ棬ҶеǣǷһЩ
˽̸ţԭһڽ֮أһЩˣԻñˣͬʱҲֱȷ㹻ӦΣգԻñļλڲſϷŰ
꿴ҶۿˮҲ̲סǶߵӣһſŹ˳ŴƤë¹ҫ֮£羧Ө͸顣
Ȼû˵Ҷȴǿװ˵ЩʲôһϤϬ
ܹٴá


437 ˼
¹֮УľβȻ趯СɵӯҶļϣԻñҲƶ˲ʱ䣬ԽҶͰһͬ֡
ҶظŰĺ󱳣ϤĴУ⻬ϸͬŮļһξĲʵС
ȷʵǰûûб仯ΣȻè̬ſҶļϣԴǵز˲ҶĲӣ̧ͷҶ΢һ˿Ц⣬峺лһĨϲá
ϲҶһĸоԻñ֮ôãÿһ춼ųҶʱŬ
׵ڰתҶоϵϢѾһЩı仯Ҳ޷оʵֻزϵϢѷɫԼ
Իñ֮е൱гɹģ˾β֮⣬ҶְĵʮβͣҲһļ
èһ嵱Уڳ֮ǰܹβͣζ츳Ϊܹﵽʲô̶ȣһβͱǶˣʮβͱèһ嵱츳ΪǿĴڣ
Ҷͷɽ¸Щèһϵع΢΢һЦѾʵèһ峤ˣ
ڵΪ֪ʲôΣӦѾȫѷɫԼˡ
ҶͰһ˭Ҳû˵ĬĬظݾñطá
ϵ£Ŵ磬Ҷƽ
оԼϢ밢໥һҶΪһ˿ͻƵļӿ귭ڣϵسŽױݡ
ϵشʹѸٵǿǿҲʹﵽ˿ǰǿĳ̶ȡ
ղصǳķӨӨĹâһɹǳ֮͸Ҷ壬̡
ศɣΪա䡱һױݱķѣһǿҶΪģ˷ɢ˳ȥ
֮Ѹٵ۶ͣγһۿɼľ޴УҶڷӿ
Ҷƴ۶ʹÿһϸܵϴ񣬺̥һ㣬㹻֮ԺеķɵһǺһȫ˽ȥΪ֮һգ
ʼڶأ
ΪһС̨ף
ˣʼأҶпϲÿǿһ˻ǵһϣ
̫޼֮ÿһ죬Աֳʮ졣
Ҷǰͻʼ֮һﵽʼأ
ٶȣǱ֪»˵ע⡣
ڶ½ڶ֮УܹҶٶȵģҲֻ̨籵ˣЩǿߣҪﵽʼûʮϰܣЩ޺Ƴ۷һͣǧҲúܡ
̤ʼ֮Ѷȸǰֹܶ˶һ̨ͣ꣬ȴѴ
갲ſҶļϣ˳βʱʱƤػҶĺ󾱡
ҶϰԵԴǻˣпȱһ±һҶһ˵ƽͰꡣ
èһܶè೤һβͣҶҲЩȣû뵽Իñ龹Щè֮ı仯
Ҷһ˿ѶϢ֮󣬰ವһһǷӶȥ
عͷԼϹЦݣҶ΢΢һЦ꿴ĸĸĸһǳġ
èһսȻǺǿóսóþԻˡЩèʵǿǵ˵ҲǷ
뵽֮ǰΪԼɥҶиһּᶨҪǿ־ԺԼߵյصˣ
ꡢϻġ½дĻ޳û֤޳Դֻ߲ҪѰһ޳Դ֪ӺδʼѰˡ
ƾޱԽԽǿ޳½ǵҲ⡣
뵽Ѫ׻ޣ֪½жֻѪףһӳѨ֮߳ѣΨвԼʵΪؼ
ԪűҡԪƬԪ½ȵȣҶ뵽˵ص¥ص¥֮УܹҵһЩйصܣ
ꡢһ顢СҶɡ诶硢硭׼׼ҪˣҶ˵Ҷһ鶼ʼӦҲﵽʼˣʼСһëëëëëսײϽҶɵʮˣҶ׼ģ̽ص¥
Ҷõָ֮һ˶ԾԾԣʱ׼
Ҳڵʱ䣬ǵͰʨˡҶͨʨ˵
ɽһ֮Уеͨʨ΢΢ͷҶֵģֻҪһһڣǵ¡
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ҶͨʨϣȴͻȻܵһɶصϢɫһ䣬ʩչಡһҶǳҶɽ֮С
Ҷɽȣһ峺ĺԣһߴҶϴľ
ôʱľѾüΪߴ֦ҶïƬƬҶϵȵʯΣҶ֮䣬һööȭͷСĹӣЩѾȥɫƺ컹Զÿһöӵɫͬ졢ȻơľױͷףһööӾӨ͸ƹҶϵıʯ㣬ɢŸ˵Ĺ
ɽ֮УƮһƢĹ㣬֮ˬ
ʱʵľ֮£վһȵӰ
ǱɫȹϤӰҶһͷôˣ
˸ӦҶĵЦӯӯתҶĳĿ촽ԸУһһЦƲĿ⣬ĸ𱬣һԻԲ˫߸ȹV쿪üͣĹֱ¶ţӯӯһգ޹ǣԲ̶ͦȹ°ڿμʣÿһ߶һ޳Ⱦںȹ֣ǡ
һ˼ʱľ֮£ĿƺؿҶ˭
Сܵܣýҡ촽ŴԸУвӿһ궯
շաֵģҶȴûʲô˼ֻͷ۲ѣֻһˣҶҲ壬ֻı󣬿ǴһĪһѾע⵽ǵ˴Ǻ⣿
ǵڵʵһΪУѻʯ
Сܵܵôмأ̺һ˿Դͨ˺ѲȴǴ棬ʼˣ֪ʱ죬ȵӳ죬һֲҩҶҲһֻӨľɣ̾һ̬ȣ׼ʲô˼


438 طþ
ǶĹȤ죬ҶȥһЩҶЦЦѸٵ˸ǧķΧ֪鱳ûһ˸
ܵǿЦһ£۲תؿڰ֮ӿէ֣СܵûǵĽİɣǰû˿СܸܵòҪԽʲôɣ
˵ţŤһ֫޵ߵҶĸǰĵطվһķ
СܵԽʲôҪһŶգգˮԵ˵Ļ̬ȴһ˵ĳ̬
ͨ˿ⷬģ̲סǰɫɲ͵ġŮӡˣҶ֪Ůϲȴɧ˵Ůˣмָ߰ģ棬Ϊ棬ֻһ̾ҪԴˣ
˵ЦˣôҶԽʲôأ֪ǧʲô飿ҶΪ̽ص
ѵû¾ͲҵܵСܵϴοǰѽˣúòҡС죬ԹؿһҶҶʲôԲƵġ
ϴε飬ʵ⣬ҲֻΪ˻ѶΪ֮Ҷ˸תѵΪЩǳ֮ʯ̯̯εصЩǳ֮ʯѾùˣȥһЩǳ֮ʯΪĲɡ
Сӣᣬȴǻͷúܣ䲻ˣֵصҶһۣһа׵ָҶļ򣬽Ҷؿڣָĵش˸ȦȦЦЩǳ֮ʯǽ͸ˡ
üҶֻһ粻صֱ꣬ҶһͷܿƬʵ˫Ĺ֣ò˵Ůʵ̫ջˡ
ҶԸ˺Ͼı󣬿վһ鲻Ϊǳ֮ʯĪһִ̨֪ڵ£̽Լ
Ȼ˷Ҳ͸һ˿ΣյϢҶ˼Сĵؽ䱸ţЦǾͶлĺˡ
û뵽²Сܵܵʵô죬ԽԽӺء̾ţҶһָҶؿڣ̧۴ҶҶ˶̶̵ĺ֮ǰۣ˼ָء
ˡҶ°ϵĺźۼ΢һЩ֮ľ룬ٱôջȥѱ֤᲻̲סʲô鵽Ȼ˵ʲô⣬ʲôһԶɽ֮УһӰһӶǰ꣬Ǵеľһ㣬飬Ѹٵس߷Ӷ
Сܵܣ֮ǰǲõҶڿ룬ҲûûȤشǱЦЦͻȻһöԪĲƬͷȵ¶ȡ
óԪƬҶͫȻԭΪʱҶԴͻȻһЩԺвһԼѾʮֽ䱸ˣû뵽ˣ
Сܵܣ˯ɣİɣġ齫ҶŵڵϣգգۣЦ֦Ҳǰǲӿĵϣ¶ʤЦݡ
ҶʱѾڣ棬һҩɫζԼȻûвתҪк͵ҩҩأ׼ҪԼֻΪԪĲƬ
ܿأҶк͵ڵҩǱۣﲻɫòƬΣĽƬڻۿռ֮УԲҵ
һӣΧʱһƬƵС
һֻḧҶգһĴУȻҶ䣬ĵЦһСܵܵģۣж˶ҸȻˣǾͲÿοҶһɫеӣЩȫһЩôռ˱ˣСܵܣѪգȴȻܱѣѵãҲ᲻ɱˡ
õҶǬǬ濴һۣȴǬгһЩ֮Ķ˵ԪĲƬҶһֱʹõ춦ħӵҲǲӰ
û뵽Լæ˰죬ˮһգʲôûҵҶƳ˯գȴͻȻЦ˿Сܵܣ׼Բԣֱˣˣװ˯ˣɡ
˵֮Ҷ۾ͷ飬ֻΪԪĲƬ
΢΢ͷЦŵȻõ춦ǿӣ͸ˡԼ⡣
Լ⼸ȷʵǱıûɱԼҶҲûôǿҵĵ⣬ʵ֪֪ԪƬкô
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Ĳ֪Ҷһ޹ؿ飬ȴЩпһȻǿ󣬾õԪƬܲ
ߣСͷֵصҶһۣҲûƽϣҾͲ㲻֪ԪǱҪǿĴڣֻ飬һЩһһǻ顣
ҵģҲֻƬ޷ԪҶεصԭһѾõƬ
ȻֻƬѾ֪ʣһ齣ƬˣСܵԸԸ⽫ԪƬңҿö㽻ŶҶһۣջ֮¡
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ЩѩǴģҶü̧ͷȥջ谵ޱȣʲôҲ죬֮һƬա
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ЩǵĹ˵üһһ٣͸һ˿ԶͲ
ĹҶͷһôŵģȷʵһˣ
Ҷնããѩԭ֮Уһڱѩ֮Եشһ߼ʣıʵ̫ˣ壬࣬Ҳޡޣ嶼С
಻ıҶľѣг˲õԤУȴҲͷ
ʲôĴսôǿߣ
Ҫ֪Щ֮УʮβèвڻˡϬߵȵȣǿĴڡ
ҶĿ⳯ǰ濴ȥǸоľϣԪǰĪԪǰҲѾˣһͬȥģЩǿߣ
ΪʲôβصЩΪЩȥ
ߵĽȣôҪǧ겻ֹ
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Ҷ̫Ĳ⣬˿Խ˵Ǿ仰֮󣬲ҶѯʣǸҲԸ˵ʲôˣֻĬĬؼ
ѩ裬֮һƬĬǺѹѹգ·ҲΪĬ
һֱ֮֮лƮв𼸷ְˡ


444 ֮ǵĶԾ
߰ɡҶ̾Ϣһһ顢Сһ˿ѶϢŰ𣬳ԶӶȥ
Ӱһ·ӣƬƬıԽǰԽǸо֮࣬ЩǿߵôģҶгɻǿǲǧĳǿߣܶȺѾҵˣӦǳˡ
Ҷ괩һƬƬŷԶԭϵһ޿ӣͨͨ޿ϣһ˿˿صתӦǿռĽ֮
Ҷȥ֮󣬹ã̧ͷҶ뿪ķһۣһԻ۾ȻһâĿ·ܹ͸޾Ŀռһ㡣
ǳ䣬Ԫ֮Ų֪ʱ򿪡૵˵ţּһ񣬹˲֮һɣĳྐྵмƣֻǸᣬҲӢһЩһһ޴һһ׶ӣ߻ĺϵ˼ϵ֣֡

һ֮ǡ
нһƬ޾Ļɽ֮ϣһǺɣǸʣֱƶˣﳣ֮Сһȥǳضȫ֣֮е֣ʱ֮
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ĳǽɽ죬ޱȣ׵֮󣬳ǽֳ֮⣬âĴߣΪ׳ۡ
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һǿߣǺųƶ½һֵ֮£оŸ̫ϳϣ⼸ʼغʮء
ȴЩһһҲǸֱ
һֱһִ֮µĵڶλ˿Ժ
֮ǵĳһ֮УһʮڴϣһŹȻʼʮأھλ̫ϳ֮
ʱֻ֮һħս׵һ·
ħս˵ΣΣĹյüΪߣΪ֮
飬ôĵӣȻһħսңһֱ֮һһֱұۣһ漫ϣǰɴûôĿɨһ˿̰֮ɫ
һֱͬʼʮؾѾͣûд飬׵Ĺؼ
Ϊһ·ֻҪΪﵽʼأͻԼеΪȻ
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һֱڳﻮţȵʼصһ̣뿪һһɽʼʮ֮ٻû뵽ҶɽȷǼ飬ʼδı仯һٿصѪɹʼأ
Ҫ˵һѾˣֱǰгˬ˶ĶڿԺúóһˡҶû취˵ġҶвһ˿ˮᣬСܵܣ´μ棬һҪٺúõس谮㣡
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ߣҵҪΪ˶٣ǰţһ
ƽԵһֱŶĵ뷨ͻһŭܹѿɫﲻ֪жôˬ졣
ԣԼȥʱ°ɡ鲻мƳһۣȻתŲ˼֣ʱԺʱظֳҶӢӣԼǽ׳ĳ΢죬ǹһ˿ҸЦ⡣
վסɫףû뵽һֱΪԼ飬վɳԼƿأȥıӰһֻΪצĺץ
оצ磬޳ӰһӶ𣬷ɳ˴
ӰѸٵطɵ֮ǵϿա
飬㻹кڵĻᣬҸʮϢʱ䣬ϴҿԵûзɫޱȣͼıѾãΪɫӦģľ֣
߾ߣڲЦһһͬɻľǱħսڲȫûħս֮Уõˮ©
ڶ˷ɳһ̣һѾң
õ˱µɣδλ֮ǰǰȻùԹԵͷҪúõؽѵһ֪أɫصһ̫ϳȫעһλ̫ϳϣھλ̫ϳλһֳ
λ̫ϳϣҲͷų˻עΪﵽʼأѾ̫ϳϵҪˣʵսǻҪһ
ı׷Ѫף֮ģĻ
о֮ڶǿߵעӣʱԼϱð


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ַǲסһĶ䣬Ͷȴһ˿ǡ
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Լֲñˣŭһ͸һֻ޴ޣצȥ
ĻҲޣֻײһװı죬ս֮ͣѹøˣһޱ׳ۡ
䣡
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Զ֮мλڹ̫ϳһۣ϶¶֮ɫ鲻ǰʼصΪѣôڶ̶ʱ֮ڽʼأܸʼʮص⣿
ⳡսʵѾȷɣһеĵλӦˮǴߡ
У޻Ļԣһҷˣֳף̫ϳ֮ʵһһΪһֱͼı̫ϳϵΪڣһ˽ߣǾ飬Ϊ֮ѷɫ
飬˵Ϊܹһͻƣأʱ˵ȼ磡
˫΢УԶе飬欵ΣһԼߡ
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ս֮һǶͷ𶯣֮⣬һŮԵУֶһǿߣΪһĿŮ
֮ʼ۷ǿ߼ҽ֣Ϊ֮ɫ
Ϊ˱֮ǣ֮ǵķһƬ޴Ľƽ֮֡
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һ׹ͬһ޴˹ȥ
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Ⱳӣ볬ңֻҵĸӹ˻Уֳɫԭô飬ת۾ƽƽܵĳ֪
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һ̫ϳ۷׷ףһҧ´̧ͷǵؿ飬ͬãԽ˽ãȻԸ⿴䡣ΪͻȻĽףҲǾ֡
飬ɣҿˡҿԲǰӣҵң鱻Լط֮У־УӸµظ飬бʩζ
ƾҲȢңҲԼǸ٣𣿡׹УȴȻݣԶȻ˵Ļȴǳ˲мնоһеǿ߶עԼȻһԺһλεĳ϶ѣȴȫܹ̫ϳ֮ˣһУҶģ뵽ҶӢݣٿʱôôģ̲סԷ̡
㡭ãõúܣ÷񣬵ָ飬ѪĹâ龹ҵ˵ôӣֻŭǣҪԼűˣҪŮ
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׵˲䣬̫ϳѹסĵ𾪣زҲ¶Щ֮ɫ
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̫Ѫѣش
֮ǰҶΪĳֶΣŵѸٽףԺΪˣû뵽̫Ѫѣ̫Ѫһѣζǰ;
һǿǣеԵ𺳣ˣһδֹ̫Ѫѵǿߡ
Ȼ죬ȴڳˣ
ζţһ彫򼫶ȵĻԻͣ
Ȼⲻܣ飬ЩЪ˹Ѫ죬ıôãϵ飬ΪгһΪãôҲû뵽̫ѪͻȻˣҲûлõˣ־ڱصõĶͻȻ˸ˣܲŭŭҲţ
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Ųţʵˡۿ޵ľצĻ鲻Ųæһֻ֣³һʢĵâӭޣֻصһը죬޶ʱըƬ
ԶѪɶȻˡ
ʵٻʮǧ
̫Ѫ𣿡
̫ǿˣ
ڶһǿмѣϲΪһ˷ܣҲüͷǿĳЩ˵ƿء
黹ʼضѣͿѹʼʮصˣǶͨһصˣҲܶԿһ
ϢͬкڿԵøҫۣ֮ǵǿǣĶĤ֮ģΨ׵ֵܹסֻϵѹȣ̫ѪϾͱҪ߹ö࣡
ӽԺ̫ϳְ֮һκν֮ȥκǯƣҲһκνҩϵ֮ǡ
֮б󻶺


446 ¥
ΪˣϲĶ
΢΢һЦԴҶһ֮ĤݺͰĽ࣬ȫҶӰӣͷǳЦૣСܵܣ㣬һҲ޷ýյĳɾͣôлء
ڳǽϣ̧ͷն߹ͬŮһ飬³һѪףӽٲܹˣ˵ĵλرޱȻںޣ֪ˣͰˣ
ʱеףе飬սɿûһ͵ڴһĴɣͷ̫ѪôѵأƾԴҲ֪ʱѷǴ֮
֮һһµ֮С
һɴȹɴŮӣŪһѹݣ̬ţһ˵ȻʣȪʵ
ԽСȴһɶص֮У˸һʮĸо䱻ɴڵȴҲѩļݣ
ڵõҪġૣ͵дһ˿ϲãį

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޵һ㣬һȥǴƬѻɽʬ壬˾޴ޱߵڣջҰ󣬵ļëȻ
С仯˱壬һ·Ӷȥ߻ʱҫŶĿĹâ֮ﱻС
󲹰Щ˵ֱͬҩʱâ֮Уȶڴڵ̳Щ
޾ȣϵģ̳ԣ̽ȥԽԽ࣬ʱâԽҫ۶ĿһɫĹâС֮С
СڣѾǻʱˣָʹش߶ʱ飬ʱƣСԽԽܹӳʱˣ
ŻʱĹâС棬СϵۼףһڵĹâͬˮһ㣬ɢ貵ɫǿҲǿֹǰϴ֮СѾͻƵ۷壬ʼֻһ֮Żʱ鴫ԽԽ࣬۷ĽױҲ޷ֹСˣȻ顣
СǿȲǿڴﵽʼһأ
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Щ߶ǻʱ൱СķСԽκһ֮У
Сʼһأлʱ黤ʵѾһѷɫˡ˵С˵ٶȣҲпܻģǵص¥ƺһǴȫ档
˻𣬳Ҷ˹
ҶͷŶױʿӶ컭һ·ɨ˹ȥ
β΢΢ڶֻ֮нµ»ЩȾǺ˾һ㣬ҡҲ
ڰĸ֮£ױʿһ·նȡ
ҶĻһ·죬ȥʬɽǺЩȳƬɱ֮󣬱ڶʬ֮Уֺܶɢ鱦ǬȵȣЩӦöЩǿǰµġ
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ЩûκʶѪΪʳһЩһ㣬֮а
ǰ̽˹ȥԶʬѻߵĵطһʯʯϵּģˣһɫƷʯĶˣƿͨͨҶȴܵһɿֲϢ
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ʯмʮεʼһصģȫ۷徳硣
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֨֨ſҶļϣȻ˵ڲܰ˵ʲôҶһӾ˼ˡ
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Щһʮ׸ߣߴﵽʮ׵ĽױʿǰЩȾǲ۵Сһ㡣
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ѵִλˣһ𣿡
ִλһ񺣣϶Ҳ޷ﵽ̶ֳȣ֮ϣ
˵ﵽ񺣾֮󣬿ַԲϵ֮֮Ҫǿö࣡
񺣣ͷľ磬ҲĪľ硣
ľͷоЩֻţǵʵǿߣҲͻȻһ񺣾ϵǿߣԺʵ׽ȫɱ
ЩͷǶ׷ϢԴһλǿߣǷǳֲġ
ϢէȻţȫûгֹһ㡣
ջϢ
֪λǿǺͼĴô
ڶͷ۷׷ףԭ½жһЩ˴˰лϾǸоǿϢ֮һо岻ѣɽɽ˵ĵ
ȥ֮󣬶ܺøԵĵӣԲλǿߣ
֮ǳˮϵĹӰȥ
ʨүܵղǹϢôҶĵʵ
ʨү΢ü񺣾Ǿϵģִһһ壬ûǿߣ֪ǴʲôطģղľٶӦֻ뿴һ½жٸ֡
ֻͷųһ˿Ϣ֪½жٸ֣
Ҷһݣ񺣾ǿδҲ̫ǿˣ֮ϻǿǿʲô̶ȣ
񺣾ǿߣĶ֣ǲҪôˣרʵҪʨүԴ˲ʮ⡣
Ҷ΢΢ͷղųֵǸ񺣾ǿߣӦòɱ¾ȻͲջϢͷųˣһͷų񺣣񺣷Χڵȫɣ
½Ѿܾûг񺣾ǿˣĪǸ񺣾ǿطԪųǣ
Ҷüͷиһеѹץʱʵ
񺣾ǿߵϢֻݼţҲûгֹǵһж
Ҷϵǳϵǳ֮ǵǿҲǷżȥѲһɱһЩĻ޻ȷǵܱߵİȫ
ֹ죬ҶڽյСϴһ˿ѶϢǱҶվ
Сҵֻ˴ΣѪף
ǰǰȥΧֻѪףһͳɹɱѪ֮ʣʩչطˣ׷˺Ѫ׾Ͳ֪ˣڱСϸˣ
СϴݹϢѪײĵط˴ԼǧѾ˴Σ
Ѫ׵ʵûб̫࣬ҶǶȻҳֵģʵĿǰ˵໹̫ˣѪϾҪˣǺȥ˵ġ
ǽѪף䱾ʵҲ൱ֲģ
Ҷͨʨ˵һŰշʩչѪڵķӶȥ
ಣҶӰܿʧʡ
Ƭ̣Ҷһɽ帽ڼʮ￪⣬ֻѪһɽ湶Ӳдϲֲ˺ۣʵ൱ǿģѪת˺
ѪǿǵѣΧһЩ޳ûѪ׵ʱȫսսعÿһʱ䣬мֻ޲سѪȥѪǰһԾ״ǰצ۵һЩ޽ɱȻԵ
ȻڳԶѪϵ˿ڻڲѪ
˿ϵüΪԼѪǿָ¹ûʲôģʱҪôҪô˿ϣһαǿ
֨֨Ҷ˻ǰצˮ۾дǡ
꣬˼ǣ̫ǿˣҪðգҶüֻѪۿŶ߲·ˣ껹ǾԼ޷ɱ
˵ͷ
ҶƬֱ̣֪ǷǳģֻѪȻˣϾĳޣڴ֮ʱȻܹĸѣʵȻ򵥣
ֻѪӦûһЩطģ
Զɽ֮йӲдѪףͷ뿪ҶǺܲĵģʣѡһԼֽɵһǽѪ׵λǳˮǿߣǣѪ׵ʬûԼʲôˡ
ѡ


451 ǿߣ
ԼʵܸɵѪôħܲܽס
ϵİʮֽӣҶףԼðգһħסԼʵ޷Ѫ׵׷
ĬãҶԺͻȻһа취ˣ
ҶһһɵΨɵ˵Ѫף
ʼ֮ҶɵǿԷɳǧ׵ľ룬ȻɵľԽԶͻҲ൱ˡ
˵һԶ̹Ѫף
꣬а취ԻɱѪסҶʩչѸٵؿѪڵλãһó˲
ҶѪԽԽǧң֮ǰѪ׳ѨʱҶ㷢ѪóսԶĸ֪Ǻǿ
ˮ齣
Ӱƾճ֣Ҷʼ֮󣬴߶ˮ齣ʱʮӰЩӰȫѪڵķ
ҶɵಣɵûڲӰ֮УѪ׼ȥ
ɵ֮ҶԱŰҶϢȫĨȥ
ֻѪɽ֮Ϣһɺ۾ͬһ޴󣬵ޱȣоһɱȻն𣬾س֮пȥֻһӰ
ЩӰϵϢʵСҪѪЩŭ֮ʣôС࣬ҲԼô
ɵκϢûڲӰ֮У
ЩӰѪһ˿ŭͲм״ǰצ䣬һӰڴѪ׼Ӳʱ׷ը˳ȥ˿ܶˣᡣ
Ѫ׿ޱȣںзͳĺлѹֵŭʼС࣬Ҳðϣֱ
ʱ䶸ЩӰУȻɵ
ۣ
һһɵϬضѪףѪѪȾ˵棬Ѫʹŭ֮ʧȥƽ⣬Ӳŷ岻س·ɽ֮׹ȥ
䣡
Ѫװţɽͷƽȥĳ̡
Ѫѹû뵽ΪϰĴڣȻܹ˵ɵĵطȫһͿˣɵǺ谭
Ѫſڷ泾֮УʵĺС
ԭѪ׾ѾԵҶɵǶ˺
ҪϽɱѪףһѪʲô룬Ҫٴδˣ
ҶȻûпվǧԶУ׼Ŀ꣬ˮ齣ȻɵڽӰ֮УѪڵλȥ
Ѫײʩչ˲طѣ
Сʮ֮߮ѪѣСϵٶȣҲ׷ȥ
Ҷǧ֮֮УѪڵλɵ
ۿһӰϮѪŭһ淺һҫ۵ĽԣһһˮĤһ档
ۣ
ǣЩɵֱ޼᲻ݣ谭ͻ˽ƣʵʵѪ׵ϣѪİУһѪӿ
ѪΪʩչ˽طֵܵסҶɵˣ̫ˣҶɵױܶƣ
ҶѪ׳ԲӣӸɵѪ׽䣬ǿֲĻκ˼˶ҪΪ֮
Ϊ˲Ѫһ˿ĻᣬûȷѪ֮ǰֹͣʹɵ
ͬĿʹ֮£Ѫ׻Ѫϳǰ͸ѪѪڿӿѾУڵϷƽΧʮɽ壬ǣİ֮Сȥ˿ſڵϲܶˡ
Ѫ׾Ҫˣ
ҶȻûֹͣѪףĳޣûȷѾ֮ǰҶǲðȻġ
ԶԶնȷѪ׵ϢȫţҶһ
ĻޣԶ̴֮£ȫûκΣպ֮ǰදӻ൱бҪģҶ΢΢һЦ
ѪɨѪ鶼һҶû׽ӽһѪ׻عⷵգһʵҲ
ȫĵٵһᣡ
ٹһͿջˣ
ͻȻ֮䣬ҶоԼĻϢһ󲨶һݣͷʱ򣬱㷢һħս׵ˣѾϢس
Ҷϵĺëʱ˼ǺԤ׾ͳԷ֣Լ˿̿Ѿûˡ
ǼȻԷû֣ԼӦʱûΣգҶ棬ֻԷȫûħս֮У࣬ϵħսһΪļ״죬׹˸
Ҷڵص¥Ʒħսײ࣬ܿϵƷħսף
ҶСӣҪ֣ԷǿߡʨүҶԺ֮Уһ˿䱸
񺣾ǿߣ
ԷͻȻ֣ǺͼѵΪѪ׵ʬ壿ԷҪѪ׵ʬ壬ԼҲֻܹˣôȱҪ
Ҷ䱸Уصǿ߶Ŷ֮䶼ųĬһʱ֮мѹ֡
֪ǰкμ̣ĬãҶȴ˾ף̽ص
ǺǣȤСһħս׵ǿڿˣ˻ƣƺûʲôӣģһѪʬ壬һ
ΪѪ׶Ϊʲôأ
ƺǿҶɻ˵ķɵе˼Ҳǹ
Ϊɵ⵹Ҷ벻ģ˵кͼҶȻɻ
ԪǵߣϺڿ̤ݵҽִܵҶۣˣ츳֮ǰ񺣲̽Ƕ½ǿߵ츳ܹϲģȼ˶ѣļ֮һ
⾹Ǵ˵еԪųǳǿߣҶΪ𾪣кȻһԤУҿһ
п϶кܶɻҶΪ𡣡ϺһЦ˻Ƶ̾һʱøһˡ
ǰ½Ǻͼ޳ǲԪǶ𣿡һ£Ҷվʳ˿ڣܻ᲻ϺϾΪ޳½Ѿ̫ˡ
ôӺܾúܾǰʼ˵𡣡Ϻ̧ͷԶڻʲô͸Զζ
ϴҶ
ϺûڣӺοʼ˵𣬳ĬƬ̲ƽʼ˵򣬽Ԫǣʮǰһλǿ߻ԪǵϿɣΪԪǵǸ˽Ԫ
Ԫ֣Ҷ΢΢һλǿĪǾڵص¥ԪǰʲôҪôܳΪ
ϺҲע⵽Ҷɫı仯Ȼɫ˵ʵԪλãһƬ֮УƬ֮УԪ㲻ǿģԪϵ壬ѰǨˣΪƬ򶼹ͬһ޴в
ʲôвҶ̲סʵʲôĴڣвƬ嫵
һ壬ȣĻ޳ֱ̫СˡԪ쵼֮£Ѹٵطӿֳ೬ǿߡеĳǿ߶ףյҪЩսһ嫵Ĵսʼˣǿ䡣
ϺĻҶ˲ʱ˵ص¥Щıһͷı񣬶һĹ
գƴսԪЩǿ߽Щʱ˳ȥֻʱģЩǾԲݵģʱƬҪٿһλ飬ԪԪ뿪Ԫǣû뵽һȥԪȴҲûлֱԪǳ˵ڶλǲȷԪѾΪԪֻϿһλ
Ȼڵص¥Ԫǰı񣬵ҶôҲԪǰȻѾԪųǵô˵Ųòˣвӿһ˸С
Ϻһ£˵ڶλλλԪǿ󣬼δԪǵڶǿߴ壬ֱǰһЩǳǿĴڵִԪǣսսǰԪط˲Щǿߣ֮ǰίԪǵǿߣԪѰһλ
Ϻ΢΢ͷңԶǿգս֮ǰ˺ܶ飬ԪطЩǿ֮ԪڶʱڣӵǿޱȵӼԶŲƹһǣѽ֮󣬺ԪڣԪǵĸòǳ֮ʯǳģַʮλǿߡ
ȻˣΪʲôЩǿ߲̳֮λأ
֮λ˭̳оͼ̳еģҪԪǻϿɲС
ǻꣿ
ԣÿһſ򣬶һǻ꣬Ԫǵǻǳǿ󡣡ϺǻϿҪܶ򣬻вС
Ϻ˵һУҶɵ𺳿֪һУԶ󣬲ǿѽǳЩܼĴڣʵ¶
Ԫ½ĽƣԵζΪνԪ½½ҲҶΪĵ⡣
Ԫ½ĽƣԪʱ㿪ʼ޽ֱʱȫ޽ãǽԪоǿһ󷨣ػ½Ľ޽֮㽫ϵǿߣȫǨ˽֮С
ǽ֮أҶüëһʵ
Ԫ½ƵϿգм֮ǣֱԪǺ;ŴǳǣһԪǺ;Ŵǳʧأꡢϻġ½ݣԪǵǿǱؽԪ½Ľ֮УԪ½ϿյĽƽһߡһս޷˶Ԫ½ԴѾ޷̫˿ڣҾĽԪ½ϸѪͳѾԶ½ǿöࡣϺƽ˵
ҶսȭͷЩˣһԪʧأܱ½ӣ
Ҫ˵ЩʲôȻſڣȴ޻˵ϾԪǵػ֮£ûԪǣЩ˿Ѿˡ
ʤ̭޵Դ£ߣǿߣмȥĿܣܲпᣬȴҲһεѡ
ֱڣҶ֪ԭԪ½֮⣬½Σ֮Уʱпܱ
ǻ޳ԵζҶȭͷʵ
µİţΪʲôҪľȨɣֻҪˡһʱ޳ԽԽͣǵֻһ˿ԻֱһЩ˻ýԪ½ʸԪ½ǱһЩֹػ޳Ĺģڻ޳ڼ䣬ǲκθ޳ľٶܷȫԼϺƽκһ˿顣
ѵ¾ؿ½ô޹ȥôҶٴսȭͷг˲ޡ
ǲڻҲ֣֮Ϊʳ޷ڻ޳ǾͲʸ񣡡Ϻ΢΢һ£ת˵İ֮ǰ˵ȻҪ˳еǾһ˳еԪ½ΪصǿߣԪ½½ͱΣ
ҶĬãгɬΣλҲǱѡ
Ҫڻ޳֮ʸԪ½һ
ҪôܽԪ½Ҷ̧ͷĿᶨؿϺ޳ͣ廢һ޷ˣ٣ҪܵˣǵӻýԪ½ʸ
Ҫ񺣾ΪܻýԪ½ɣ⻨һǧӰűңҲһʸ񣡡Ϻ΢вؿҶһۣΪ˻ᱯߵһû뵽Ҷô侲
Ҫ񺣾磿Ҷһüͷ壬Ҫ̫ˣԼҪ񺣾磬ҲҪܳһʱ䣬οˣܶ˸ܴﵽ־磡
ҪýԪ½ʸ񣬲ô׵ġҲǻ˼Ϊʵṩ˸Ļᣬһǳ֮ʯǣǿҵܶǳ֮ʯ⻹оǻ޵ʬ壬֮ҲΪϺһԶѪ׵ʬڵڶӰűҹʸΪǿǵļõģֻҪɱ㹻ϵĻޣͿԻôӰűҡ
ӰűҵʲôãҶɻʵӰűңƺҲǺһЩĽˣĪǶԪ½˶ԣӰűʮҪ
ϺһЦ͵ĿǰΪֹǶԻޣûһȷе֪ȷʵ̫ʱڵһû޾Ԫλĸ֮Ѿ߱һЩͨޡûеȻǱײУûһǻۡ
ҶͷһһЩ뷨
ǿڻ̵ϣҲȥӵǿ֮壬һһֻ޵ִһ½Ǿͻɣͬ࣬ǵʳȻǿʼطֳɵԴ֮ҲụɣȻʦٵ̫ϣ˿ƵĻָǿһЩޡ
޵Ϊ޵ĺĽԪűҡӰűǸһħűң̺һ˿ǻ֮鱦ת󷨣ֻǲ֪ʹðˡԪ½ԪűҡӰűҺ͸һħűңǽ׻ҡ
ԭԺеĽôã
ڵǱ鱦߼ıͳƣ
ҶԪ½Ǳߣ˺棬ϺһҶ֪ԭίĿǰԣһڻ޳ȥǰԪ½ʸ
ǣûܴﵽ񺣸ңɼ
ǲ²⵽Ҷ뷨ϺЦ츳кܴĻǰԪ½ġϺҶΪ͵ӡ
Ҷȴô룬ȥԪ½ߵˡˡô죿ôãҶҶ֮УΪҶҵһӣҶ֮ˣǣҲԼ׷㣣ԺΪѴ
Ҷʱѹϣ縺壬Լǵˣ
ϣԪ½㡣Ϻ΢΢һЦҪˣһʱעı֡ವһϺ˲ԭʧ
˲طҶһϺ뿪ʱоһ˿ռ䲨Ȼ񺣾ǿߣϢس֣Ϣʧˡ
֪δ޳ͣҶҲǿҵĽȸУ£Ѫ׵ʬ˻ۿռ֮С
ʱмʮϢ׷˹ϵģǿĺһʼصģҶʩչ֣ʧ֮С
ԼĪһ֮󣬼Ӱ
ǵͷһ׳ƤڣһЩӵǺڻħһǿߣЩԲͬ塣
˴ݣ̲Ѫһʼصǿ˵
ǸڻħһǿպһѪһ£üͷһȷʵѪµģѪѪѾɵʬӦǱ˰ˡ
˿ϵĴ̲ѪԼѪµĺۼҲľѡ
ǸɱѪ׵ģģǸǿ߿Ÿĺۼжϵ
ǿʬ壬Ҳǲ׷϶һĴˡ
Ǹڻħһǿ߷ʲôָŵ˵
鶼һֻһСʲôµģЩԱߣżƬѪ׵ǲƬЩ֮£ҫ۵Ľɫп֮ǱйĶһ㣬Ϊƽ⻬
˺Ȼɫ䡣
ǺȻϬ
ԵȻƿѪ׵ǣ
Ƕ½һǿҲֻƾΪǿѪ׵Ĵ֮˺ȻֱѪ׵ǣ𺳲ѣ֪Ǹ֮һλгֻɱѪףѪ׵ʬˡ
ƬƬңҴȥ޻ʱ¡Ǹǿ˵ӺڻħǿнӹѪ׵ǡ
Щǿն𣬳ԶӶȥ
Ƭ֮ҶѾǵϿա
ͨ޵ѾΪ󣬸οģѪڻ֮Уڷǳߵȵһ̶֣Զͨޣ
ֻѪ׸ͷôҶ˻ǵһЩ߲㡢ȫԵһЩˡ
޵ǡкĽмֵԽ۴鱦֮Ķ
ϺԼϢԼҪҪǳˮ֪ͨϸһҶóǳˮȻ͵컻ոıһò׼֪һУͨǳˮݳȥ
ʱǳˮȻҫһ£͸һӰһ뷢԰ףߡ
ִ̫ϳ裬ִλѾ޳λ۹۶ֶԲߣλλݹ١ڼ䣬ִϣսִλ֮ĶԹҲһʹ޳٣Ǵ֮ʣҪλ¾ͬģһ𹲶ѹء΢Ц˵
Ҷ΢΢üִڳˣĿҲ֪Ԫ½һЩϢ᲻һκ磿Ҷִ޺øУǻ޳֮ʱִ˻ŷɱ̨籣˲Ĵ䱸
Ȼִôг⣬Ϊʲôλһ̫ϳʵ
λڱչ񺣾磬޷λλ½⡣赭һЦһ˿Ȼɫ
񺣾磿ǿнһݡ


452 ִ
ִλȻѾʼˣ
ȨĽ𾪲ѣ˼תִһӳλ񺣾ǿߣ½ĸҪһˡ
Щü˼޳Ѿôʱ䣬֮ǰִһֱûʲôжȴͻȻټ֪Щʲôͼ
мλȨ߲ЩĶִʵټִѾ޳ԴǲǾܴڶһ𣬽ȥ
ҶһüͷѾ֪޳λŵģ˶½½Ҳڻ޳Ű֮£ִƾʲô˵Ѿ˻޳Դ˴ټ϶ʲôɸ˵ı
ʼչŴݵ΢ЦִλʵټλЭܽ޳ȫ²˳٣ִ۹۶λ
Ȩ߶ЩɣǶִĴһЩɵģǣ޳ΨһĻˣ
޻ʱ˵һȥġ
սҲһᵽ

ڳƬ֮ڶǿ߷׷ױ̬˶ڣִˣʲôɣ޳Ǿ᲻ܴ
ҶԽִ֪ͼıʲô˴ټǿǰ۹۶϶˵ôûʣҶ뵽ϴ̨籱飬ŭ쳣½ʱִ̣ǵŽҪ켺ʵڿɺޣ
ҶϺʵûƭıҪ޳Ԫ½Ϊ֮½ֻٲ˿ڻ޳лҪԪ½Ҫﵽ񺣾磡
ִȴ˵ܹ޳ܣʱִʲô
ҶӸǿִ߽Ȧ֮У͵컻طĻһòһ˵ģ
£ʣִȻ˻޳Դβ˵Ҳλǿ߶֪ΪʲôһҪȥ۹۶أҶӰǳˮϣһ˵ģ
ҶĻڶǿҲһ
ǰҪһ͡Ȩ߷׷׵
ɫδ䣬ȴǰסҶӣպҪҶÿչú˳ǰ۹۶ǧĪðƻ˼ƻźãдʣɴݣ޳ƶλͨ籨ţֻԾڴˡ
ƶڶǿ߶ЩĬܶҲĲ²⣬һֹӣǸˡ
֪Ƕ½ꡢϻĺ½Ҳ˴Ļޣ޳ûκԴԣҶһ޷ֹЩľͷǰ۹۶ҲҪԼ֪˵ôѣҪ˵ԴҲԪųǣĪִҪԪųǿôԪųģҲϵǿߣ֮ǰһ˿ϢλҲоˣһλ񺣾ϵǿߣԪųǡ
񺣾صǿߣ½ľͷһǵʵҲ񺣾صǿ߶ԿԪ½ģȻϵǿߣⲻ췽ҹ̷ɣ
λ񺣾صǿԪųǣض½Ļ޳޳ڽһʱΪңܹ񺣾磬ܽԪ½ܿ޳Ҷ׳һذϢִλ˵ҵ޳ķˣֱ޻̸ִ֮޳˶½еҲǲУȻִȴҪʱټλֲ˵ԭǱͼɣ
Ҷ׳Ϣҵһھͷ𺳲ѣþòƽЩϢ˵ʵ󣬾͸ҶϺ֪ʱһʵ̫ӣǳˮһ˳Ĭһʱû˵ó
Իڣعɫһ䣬ŭ˼Ƕ½ûһ˿ϣˣһֻԭص𣿡
Ҳû˵ôҵϣλץʱŽܸõص޳ҪһЩС˰㣡Ҷ༥
Цץʱ񺣾Ϊ񺣾ڳЩˣ˭ܱ֤Ⱳ񺣣Цطʵ֪ҶǺ·
ҲȫûлᡣشҶѾע⵽ˣڶ½˴ǳ֮ʯɱϵĻǵԺзطͬʱ߽׻޵ΪҲżĺôЩԪǿΪ֮ΪľѸٵʵֻҪŽһ£ǳأø޳ڶԿ׼ѸٵʵδûлᣡҶᶨص
ͨǳˮҶ΢ЩҡҶ˵ĻҲǺݣǳ֮ʯĳ֣ȷʵڱٿء˲ٿأܹŪôĻ޳ʵȻǼΪˣܹģ
΢Щʵ˼ִẦλɣ޳Űִλܵõʲôô㣬Ҳ֪˭õǳˮԻڣҪλִĹϵֹǶԸ޳
ľͷЩҶȷʵЩɣǴǰδҶһʱҲ֪˭ĻΪšҶĻƺôһЩȻ񺣾Ƕԣ̫ңɼˡ
ôǶԴУ賤תλ޻ʱһᵽġ׵õ޻˵ҶѣǶִСĽ䱸⣬Ӧܼʱ֡
ҺڻħһҲᵽġ

ԽԽǿߵͷͬ⣬ʱִΨһϣǲԸʹ˷
ҶӰǳˮ֮
֪޷˵λһλִλĳħλִòҶɫ֣صѵ
ݵڮλλ񹦸ôܻħִƾ仰趨Ὣ㵱ɱеĺһô˵λԼķֱģִִƶ½֮꣬λĿã
ǳˮӰһ޳Ӱǳˮϣ̨籣
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̨籵ĻľͷһƬȻԭ飿ҶһȻðİˣҶ˵ʲôҲǲţʱ̨˵Ļʹһˣִļٽҵ޳ԴΪڶɱ̨籣ǻпһ飡


453 ̨
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һҾЩˡһȻӣɫس޻ִλΪͻͽڵʵ¸ܿλеκһһȢ̨籣˺һ壬Ҫִһϳ̣ǲ̫ԶˣΪһ֪У̨籣ڮִʲôһػᵱֻΰˣ
ڶ೬ľͷ˿̶ЩˣִҪǣ˺һҪԿִ޳֮ʣ½ĸԿģ½ҪΣˣ
ƽʱ󳬼Բױǣƣǻ޳еǰΣͷǲòȥðա
Σһȥ۹۶λҲҪȥСΪá̹Ȼص˿ųĻ
Ȼ̨˵ĻȻȥ۹۶Ƕ½һֵȣȻִ֪һЩ壬Ȼ޾֮
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Ӱٴγǳˮϣмֽеص޳Ű̲ݻλ۹λݹ٣
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룬Ҷ׼ȿ˵̨һ£һʲô״Ҳ׼
Ҷǳˮóǳǳ֮ʼ
ִ֪ЩһﵽʲôΨһľǾܵʵ
һɹɲǳɢˮһ㣬ӿҶ棬һ鵴
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֪Ժеķɵ;쳽ЩʲôҶԽԽоǲ򵥡
ΪԪԪǰҲҶķɵ𾪣˵ɵĴ߲Ĵܡ
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Ҷۼʶǿ֮ǰ̨籱ִΧִԪԾʱ򣬾Կ
ǿߵǰʼǿ߶
Ҷž쳽Ĺһ˿˿Ժܶණڴ˿ڻͨ쳽·ӡһ㣬һַϤУ·һ㡣
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Ҷǿд߶ǣ֮еľתԽԽ죬γһ޴УͣؽɽȥﴦĿռ䣬˼֣ͷŶʱҶ꣬ҲѾʼؾ硣
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֮еҶͻȻ۾ǲ̨籺ĵм־ϲû뵽̨类ʱֱӭ˳ȥ
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Ǳǰ̽ǵҶ³һ𡣡屧ȭ
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꿴̨籣Ҳ΢΢Ц̨籣ҲЩϤˡ
ӰҶɽȡ
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Ҷף̨籸ˣΪЦЦִ϶ʲôıֻҲ޷ִֹλʵ̫ǿˣʵΪؼֻҲףִ֪壬ΪλҪȥ
ǰոֻ̨֪米Ƭ̣˵
ԭˣˣҶȻ΢΢ףѹִ֪ʲôıǾǰԭǳأ
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̨ҡҡͷ峺зɿһĨǡ
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ӰֵϴҶƬżһƬֺĺ׽żУΧһȺȺ̫ϾĻޣż̫Ͼ޵İΧ֮£һ޴ĺɫʯӰ֮С
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¾ǵɣϴεļ治죬ҵİţȻһ̫ϾĻΧǾ׶༪ˡǸ׳ˮУ̬ƳһҶһ
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λҺһصλ̫ϳ֮һ˾վ̨΢üܵƺ˾վ̬Щ
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˾վӰһһ֧ҵļȥ
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ԭҪ˾վط̫ܿϾĻޡ
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֮ȻоԼںˮԽԽж磬Ҷоϲѣ֪Լû֮طӳ
˾վоҶǽ׷Ҳ΢ȻûнȫٶͷųҲε൱ˣΪڵٶȣܿͻὫҶҶ֪Ҷжô֪ߵغ
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Ҷһ̧ͷ˾վѾεôԶˣҲ΢ݣںƶٶȸһȻûȣĺٶô
̨籷·û˵ĽϾһ㣬ʼղš
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Ҷ۾һ˿˿ı仯չһʽ˶棬ÿһ˿ӿǰƵ
ವһҶںһ˿⾳ٶȶȻӿ죬ͬһ磬˾վ̨׷ȥ
ӾٶȣҲ㲻ˣֵҺһʼǿߵˮ׼˾վǰţаг˴Ҷ̨籿ǴżĽƣһʹǾǹ۲Ҷ츳
һںȻεʼصĺһ죬Ϸǳˣ˾վжҶһЩǹһȣ΢΢һЦаţȻٶ츳Ȼεٿ죬Ҳ׷Сӣ죬ˣ̫ˣ
뵽֮ǰ̨ڵ֮ǰҶһȭ赲ȻЩ죬ˣûһһϣ
˾վ̨ü˼ʲôǾϸļĺˮ֮Уһ˵ޣȻζһ£ͣͷȥȴ󷽺ˮӿһӰɿ׷Ҷ
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˾վЩܴԼһĺǿߣóӾٶϣҶôʼȻռţҶǵȻ飬ƺεø죬ûʲôƵˣûмٶȣĿбӵһ·ǰȥҶ˵Цӣö챬ըˡ
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˸ðȻյôѱ̨籵ꪲ㴮ˡҶ֪Ϊʲǫ̂ȴûʲôִĸоֻ΢±ַ塣
ںУҶȻᵽһ˿㣬дζ̨籱һ۾سԱ߿ȥˮ̨籵߹յð͹֣ĺ;ϸ߹ŵʣͬһŮ
ѹ־½һҲΪ̨ġ
㲻һֱûͰɣڹģԩʱҪɱҳ㡣Ҷ̨һֱش𣬿һ
Ҷᵽ̨ԭЩ͵ı䵭Ҷһۣضһ˸ꪣصҼǵãǰ˵˺ôһͨʲô֮ģôһ㶼ԩء
źðźļˣҶӣϵر졣
̨籼ҶӣмʧЦһ뵽ղҶᵽ𣬲֪ģ΢΢ЩȻ
ҶںԼǰʱ㵽Ǵżڵĵط


456 Ѫ
֮ǰӰпһǰһƬϱڲԫһʽϵĽƾɲְ̮ӣشں׵֮Уܴһֶڸţû¶ƬռؼΪȻưˣϡԿĻԻ֪ͣʲôֱڲٴα¶ǰ
ԶڶϽ֮УΨһ״Ľá״Ľף˻תķ糵״壬Ȼڲͣתţ֪Ǹʲôõġ
ƬżΧĻ޳û඼̫Ͼġ֮ǰĻǳ࣬Ѿòˡ
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ҶǵɲǣһɹǿϢҶԸоǺڰĺ֮У˫۾עǡ
ЩĿⶼȺǿ
˾վɫׯϣǰһұһµˣλ𣿡
һѾͷƬӶѣǱû˰ɣһЦԺڰģңҲֲŮҵԴ
ߣװŪ˾վŭغһһǿΪģѸٵ˳ȥ
һû
˾վˣƲǺˮˮλкһұһĵ̣δҲ̫Ƿ˰ɣ
˾վͷŶҶоԼܵһ㡣
ÿһطӰ˵ǲ֣֮ͬһһÿһǿ߶֮๲ʵԽǿԽǿ˵һǿֻ߶ͽһˣ䶯ãʹõľµֱ˵һǿֻǵһۣͰ˸ˣƾĿ޷ɱ˵ģǸǿڵ۵Ĺиı֮ɱ
ΪﵽǿߣӵԼ֮󣬸ٿΧγԼһص硣
˾վʩչ
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ҶоһڰŵӿҪΧɣһɬǲðһȥ޷԰ΣסȫֲֿļаԾ죬̫ϳϣʵȻͬСɡ
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Щǵһ
żôһǳ֮ʯһ岻Ҫ̰ɣͲҭ𣡡һŭߣһĸߴ׳ʵľ޺Ҷ˵Ұ֮У޺α˾վΪ׳͹Ƥİɫ챦ʯһںڰĺ֮зɫĹâԵø׺
Ѫһľ䣡˾վǰľ޺ɫ΢䣬о׳⣬庣˸ǡ
зѪĺâٺЦţ޹˼ɣһͻȭ˹һǿײ˹˲㽫˾վļ飬ǹȥƲֱ˾վϮȥ
˾վʱ̨΢һϢ͸˳ȥҲôˣǹΡ
ѪĿ̨籵ϣɭЦ̨籣Ϊǽչúܿ죬˾ͷô޳㸸ڵʱ㻹ֻһСû뵽ѾˮˣĿ޼ɵ̨´з̰Ĺâ
˾վָ䣬÷ЦΪͣҲͰˣð̨籣̨Ǳһ
˾ͷֲҹŮôż𣿡ǳһЦ¶һżݣ˾վҡҡָһмӡ
㣡˾վɫǵͨ죬ŭ죬ǾĶ֣
̨һ̧ס˾վ䣬ѪҪұһĵˣҪұһ忪սô޳ȻɫĮ˿ĻӰ죬еĺųԣ߹ޣ¡
ҪÿսŻˣ㸸ǼλʱѪһ嵹ҲôѾˣƾһСҲѪһа壿Цһ˫ĿһɣһɸΪǿ̨ѹȶ
һҲұһĵţ̨ɫȻ䣬ɫţһ޵žײ˹ȥ
Ϣأڴ̨籵֮ʱ˲ķѣֻ䷢һƺߣһưѪ岻ܿƵص˳ȥ
ɣ̨û˿ڽ֮󣬱˵һ֮ţڵΪͻͽ˵ڶ֮ơֻǽһ۷ѣܾ˵׾١
Ѫ峤ͼλܸҽһҲţ֪̨籰Ȼ˵һ㺮˪ϵսһһеơ
û뵽ȻѾ˵ڶ򣬽ԣżеǳ֮ʯŶûУѾԹˣǵڶҲ޷ĽƣȥǵѪЦһһ⣬ȥ
˾վžǱȥıӰЩţٴο̨籵ĿʱЩӣ𾪣илоϲҲį֪䣬ı£ѾǿֵزЩһˣȻǿ˳ˡ
Ů˻ǿҶи̾ʲôʱҲӵ
ղűΧָоҶһ˿ӰΧԳһ磬
һ˿˿ĸʽģġ⡢ıܻꡢǿܻģ۷壬ǿһ̶֮󣬱ܻ
Ҷĺ˼£ﵽһĽ׶ΣΨ⣬֮Уسɳš
˿̵Ҷһֱתˮ޾֮еˮϵ˿˿ţԺеķɵͻȻһɰ֮С
ղصǳɢһǿǳ֮ϵشҶ壬һ̣ҶΪͻƵļ
ҶĿ飬Ŭز׽˿˿򣬸оԼΪһ壬ʶ̺ˮϵǳһ֣ʱΪá
ڵѸٵһױ̮ҶΪʼؾ磡
ĺ񶼲ǿҲ
˾վͻȻܵΧı仯ͷһҶӿӾǸոͻˡв죬ĿŹֵشҶһΪ


457 ǳ
˾վĿһ£ҶɢϢӦʼصģ಻ͬǣҶ֮лһ˿˿ĻϢҶȻͬʱͻ߶ﵽʼؾ磬ʵǱʼ߰ص಻ѷɫ˵ʼصķָ¡
ӦǸ̨һľţ˾վ̾ϢһһҶͻƵͨǿ߿϶ҪǿϺܶ࣡Ҷһ·ϵı֣Ѿ֮ġ
̨ҲܵҶϢı仯ĸо˾վҪö࣬쵽ҶϢһͬãÿһϢǳء
ҶĿһΪǿ۾֮һĨ
߰ɡ̨Ŀǰ̤һƬưܵķ֮С
Ҷ˾վ˵ͷҲ̸ȥ
ҶоԶĺڰУȻкܶǿڿ̽ǣ֮⣬ΧвʼĻǻﵽ𡣲֪ǲǿ޴ǳ֮ʯӿǳ֮Ӱ죬Щޱ쳣ǿ
޿棬ֻҪΧ㹻ʳȵȣǾܷٵسɳܽױϵƣ
Ƭ֮һ·ȥ·ȥǺ֮Уʱл̨֣籺˾վǿߵϢѹƣЩ޶Ҷһ·֮ȥ͸һĽƣһ޴ǳ֮ʯ֮С
ôһǳ֮ʯ
Ҷ죬ȻѾǳ֮ʯӣۿֲһ𺳣֮ǳ֮ʯǰȥǵ֮Уɢǳ֮Ϳúܶ˲ס
һֱǳ֮ʯڲܿ㿴ǳ֮ʯڲһԼĪ뵰Сǳģֻ̨籸һСƬǳģѾΪٵô࣬ôǳЧ϶ǿֹֻõһҲǷǳɹ۵ˡ
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ǰһ͸һĽƣҶƷǳ̺ʵ
ϵĽƣоȻƼ쳣ֻҪƿһ϶Ʊ顣̨籵޵شҶ
ҵɵ俪ƣΧô˫۾עǣҪǿǳ֮ʯҲǲסҶ΢΢ü⸽ôɺϢУǿ߿ǲԸ壬˵оһ̨籿⡣
ƿúꪽǿǳ֮ʯ飬ӦÿԵõһ̨֣ƺˣ
Ȼʧһǳ֮ʯܱʲôòã˾վһ˵ֻЩףΪʲǫ̂϶Ҷһܹƿ磿Ҫ֪ڶ޷ƣҶֻǸʼĶѡ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ҡҡͷһȻҪٷ޳Ѿ㹻ͷˣҪΪǳ֮ʯǺ忪սڲʱ򣬻޲ĵˡ
ʲô취˾վһҲУҲУıƢҪͲȥˡ
֪⴦гǿǳ֮ʯʲô𣿡Ҷ˾վʵ
ƻǵĻǵĻֻ̽һֻǳ֮ʯ˾վüǿѹƢ
ҵƺ׵ͻƣҶа룬Ȳ̽˵
Ҷ߶꣬ڽһ·Ѱ˹ȥǿ޴ǳ֮ʯ⣬Ҷ˼ֻĻޣ֪ЩôƵеģһ·죬ƬĵײҶȻһ죬û̫ܵ谭תȻʣҶһû뵽·ȻһӴĵع
عн̻ԻͣݻȻڵص޾£Ʊúܺãûܵʲôˡ
ҶڵعдֻΧǽǶŲǳ֮ʯһ·ǳ֮ʯ⣬һ鱦װһ㣬ǽϣƷ׶ܸߣвپȻƷģôĸ߽鱦֪عռġ
̽عĴһƻĵطаڷһݻҶȴϰڷŵһ龧塣
Ҷ̲סһûпĻһǳģ
ǳȭͷСͨھӨɢŵĹ⣬ϡ
Ҷϲ֣ۼֵһǳ֮ʯҲȲϸ뵰СǳģοȭͷСģ
ǳģǳ֮ʯҲգҶ˷쳣껹ǺܿأһƣϮȻͨ˵Ҫǿܶ࣬ܵ˽ƵһЩֻȽ˻
ʱԶĺڰ֮УСƬι̵ϵ֮ϣһֻ֣ƵýƣЦеģ״屻ˮϵವһϢ˽֮С
ҶоСϴһ˽˽֮У־ϲСϾȻ׵ͻƣ
̨ҲӦԶСϵľٶȻҲʶСϣ֪СҶĳҶֻڤܹͻƽƣ޷ѽĶ
ֽһƬżıĤ൱ڸϣܹ壬ȴܸ
Сܹ֮УΪܽ廯һˮϵǿͻƽƵģҪǬؽʵˡ
Ҷü룬ΪСȽǴعõǿȭͷСǳ˵
Ҷ߶꣬Сϴһ˿ѶϢСϸ˵ֱͷֲͣ趯е㵸ӣбˣܿģ²س˵ع֮
СܹõǿǳģҶͷ˲٣ӦһܣʱƬƵΧʱĿ⳯Ͷ
Ҷɣ̨ЦȻǹƽƣꪽǿǳ֮ʯ飬ʲôҪҪǳ֮ʯǿ뵰Сǳľ͹ˡ
Щǳ֮ʯȫ˾վ΢΢üδҲ̫ϧˣһ뵽͸о۲ѡ
ڵʵȷʵ´ǳ֮ʯ֮أ϶ưոݣʱи˹º֮Ҫ˲ˡҶ˾վ̨籵
ôһǳ֮ʯ˾վһ뵽ҪЩǳ֮ʯȫˣ;ûʹ죬תһ룬ҶҲҪ˵ǳ֮ʯˣܹܲƬƻǸ⣡ڶҲ޷ƬƹƣȻͦҶǱҶڱϾֻʼǲҶܹơ
а취ҶصȴǳšƬϵƸص¥ԪǳΧĽͬԪǳǵĽʮһ֣ҲܹѸٵֲƬƣȴǼӲ쳣ΪϵɵģֻҪܹ俪һСӣһķѡ
޾԰գ̨Ҷ


458 
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̨籵˼ʵȫԻˣΪʲôҪóǳ֮ʯ
ҶһЦʱǸˡ
̨峺ҶһۣҶζӣӦǷʲô˵ͷ
̨ͬˣ˾վȻЩᣬȴҲû˵ʲôϾ淢֮ĴսǱһ岻һռˡ
ΧͣһѪһ壬䱻̨类ˣ˻̨籵ڵλÿ˿Ѫɫ۾ѪĹâһЦݣںˮзâ
ھ߻а˸ѪһˣͷλαȾ仹Ҫߴ󼸷֣ƣֻɫͷмŻɫƤҲѾЩ£һ֪ͺܴˡ
׼ô죿乧ʵλͷǰһſСĵ˱ԣùѪǳ羴ǿߣλþĳˡ
Ѫһеļλ֮һںһ֮УһȽĳνֻе峤λǿߣƵ
ǸԶһ̨ۣ취ƽƣҵȵȿѪһĵ˹ˣûҪһȻһЩЩûˣ֮һЩڵġ̨类ܾʱͷŵĵڶҲɵ
ȻзȻô˵ˣҲֻա
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Ѫһ壬亣һҲһλ˵ڶǿԱ߻
ΧЩţҶ̲ع۲ţǱǰƽ
ҶȴãֻڽƱԵǻԴй˼αܿǿߺĻޣսһƿڵµĵعͻᱻ֡
ʱСѾ˵ع֮УܿرסǳģرǳĲΧһˮϵ֮Уǿߣϸ۲ҲǺѲСϵڡ
Ѿ׼òˣҶյСϴݹѶϢ΢΢˵ͷ
㵽ܲƿƣ˾վҶڽƱԵȥȴٳûж̲סüߴ٣ҶòϷˣǰɣô죬ҶڽƵıԵȥʲôûɣ
Ҷعͷһ۱˾վȻһЦ˾ճδҲ̫ļˡ
̨籵ǵȻҲڳﻮŽ֮ô
˾վһԽԽɣҶ޷ƿƣ̨֪ôСӸƭˣԶǧרȥСӹ
ŭ֮ʣֻҶ̧֣ǽһһСţһѵĺۼһѸٵӶơ
ôܣ
˾վ۾ɵùԲŵؿҶ֮ǰǿǳԹְ취ȵȣȫ޷ƿƬƣҶȻֻ̧ôһƬƾķˣ
һﵽô쵽ģ
ҶղŶ̫ˣ˾վּΪͷûҶϵĶ֪Ҷָʵһɵ˾վҶָֻͽƸˣ
˾վոջ׼˵һЩҶĻȫҭ˵ˣһ˵ãȻ𾪣ĪҶһָȻȵڶҪǿ
Ǽޱȵϵƣ鶹һ㱻ˣ
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һ죬̨籵ĺЯ֮ƣǿ޴ǳ֮ʯϣֻǿǳ֮ʯ˲ը˳ȥǳ֮ʯһһ㣬̨ܷ籵ֳǰһ㣬㽫ö뵰ǳ
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ǳĵˣ
ҶȵعڼӶȥ
һз̫ͻȻˣ˾վҲ룬ȥӰ˲һڰص֮С
˽֮󣬵صڱֲ̨̧˵ڶĽơ
һǿǻȻһȫû뵽̨˾ȻɫһӾͰѽƸƿˣǱΪҪƿƣȻҪģĺǻعʱ򣬱㷢һǳ֮ʯԼٶ˷䣬ǸϽڿն
Ʊƿˣ
ǳ֮ʯ
ಣһǿߺţʹЩǳ֮ʯǿ޴ǳ֮ʯȻȫɢˣɢǳ֮ʯÿһ鶼ĥ̴СҲЩǿǷˡ
̨һꪺ޴ǳ֮ʯҲΧĻ޴Ϊ𶯣ʮ޴Ӻڰ˳һһڶຣǿߡ
˲ʱ䣬ƬһƬҡ
Ѫһľܣǿǳ֮ʯΨһһСǳѾ˸ˡ
Ǹô죿伱һץƼǣһĥ̴Сǳ֮ʯ㵽С
ɺͫͬɫĹ·żɨһۣһ滹һӴĵع̨ѾȽȥˡʧˣû뵽̨ǸྐྵϢƿƣ̨ǵȻ
䣬ֻ޳ŭһͬһĴץסֻ޵ͷ͵һأֻ޵ͷˡ
ȥǳ֮ʯ΢гһߣѪĺ⣬عĶıǾͱɱˡ
£̨µĽȭصһǵķ˳ȥ
һͷ˵ع棬亣һǳ֮ʯĶҲǸһͷ˵ع֮С
֮⣬ЩǿǷǳ֮ʯ½вҲ˵ع֮С
عӰԼٶһӶ
ǿЩǶǽϵǳ֮ʯԼǽϵ鱦
˾̫ϳϣ£Щ鱦£֮ϸϹҺ̨һǰҶ˵ع϶иıʱ̲ݻ
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˾վϸֻѸٵ£鱦̨֪ĽЩڶǿߣҲֻƬ̶ѣץʱС
Ҷ̨籺ͣһ·ŵعӡ
ԶСϼҶ˸߲ҵرһȭͷǳĳ˹Ҷһǽǿǳ


459 Զŷس
ǣ̨Ҳ¶һ˿ݣҶŵģһȭͷСǳģ
뵰СǳģѾޱˣοһȭͷСģ
õĶǳȥٷ֣ҪҸоعһӴĿռ䣡Ҷǳս˻ۿռУⶫ̫ˣҪƱܺáоعһɿռ䲨ڵص¥иܵЩƣ֪λڵع濪һռ䡣
˶ˣߣ̨籸омǿϢѸٵرƽҶعĺڰ˹ȥ
һռ䲨ɢ
󷽵˾վյ̨籵ϢѸٵ£ʣµļƷ鱦ҲǸϽǴռ֮С
ڼٸľ΢ģѪɫ˫΢΢Ȼһ˿ռ䲨
ع֮оȻһռ䣡΢ƣᣬовǳ֮ǳĿ϶Ǳ̨ˣȻ̨籵ʵҲмּɵǳ¹ش󣬼׷һռ䣬ҲҪǳĶ
ûعľ´ָ֪ͨλס·ڣԲ̨ӳȥ
ǣһ˿˷֮ɫתͷԶĺȥ
عУ亣һҲǽɨܣһۣž֮ɫǰȥ
磬һ̨жǳģʱһһ룬Σ΢΢ۣڵ¶һڷݣȻЦȴôô׺ݡ
ҲѪһ˺̸̬ȼΪؾܾˣͣЪǴռ֮Уа亣һŲмѪΪ飡Ը̨籵õǳģҲԸѪ
Ļش𣬾һѪɫѪĹâҲǽǴռ֮С
ֲкǿ߽⴦ռ֮С
Ҷ̨籽ռ֮󣬱ǰһڣ֪˶ã۾ʱ򣬷Ѿһ޴ĺ֮ˣһԲεĿռڣǰȥһ޼ʵУ߻谵һͷײɳʯʬǣϸһȫǸֵֺʬ壬һͷֱһƬ޴ķس
һɹɵѹЩֵʬ˳ͬǿһ㣬Ҷͼ̽һУ֣޷⣬Ҳ·ζüΪ
ֻʬɢѹǿЩǰǺεǿ
ǣԶŷس̨üͷ¶һ˿ݣ
һ·ȥ̨籵ٶҲ࣬Ͼǿߣܹһѹģ̨米·ÿһʬǶǺ֮неóԶžޣвϹʱڵģ󲿷ֶ̫ʱڵģЩںܶ඼Ѿˣֻʷ֮С
ԶŷسҶԺʷʮ˽⣬еҪ˽磬ȴ֣ʷǱΪĨȥһ㣬ǰ֪ˣֻЩŹϴеĴвҵһЩء
˵̫ʱЩյʱ򣬶һСԶŷسĵطصȴʸԶŷسЩֶʮǿ󣬾˵ٶϣǺУǿ߱ǳΪ̨渵̫ʱڵʢΪӣֻϧ嶼ûˡ
Ҷþ棬ԭ̫ʱںǵĹأ·ʬѵɵһɽЩʬǶȥʮϣ󲿷ȴȻʮãɼЩǿ̡֮ʬǾ͸ôѹȣǻʱǿʲô̶ȣЩˡ
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻԶСϵڵúܣԼٶವǰţ۾ĴЩʬɢѹȫЧ
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Ȼ֮飡̨籿ǿ˶飬һԳ֣ʱҲǾ̾
ô֮飬ѵģҶ
ǣҲˡ̨ЦҡҡͷЦһţȴɻʤգؿ΢΢鼫ƽһְຣ飬ְຣܹãݵķ˵ǵȷˡְຣʱȫľں֮ϣǺԣ֮ǿȭͷǳѷɫ
ǿɢŶĿʵ֮飬Ҷ̨籶ԾЩ˷ܣǸоƬԶŷس֮У϶вٳ
ʱ˾վҲͨǴռڽƬԶŷسһ۾Ϳ˲Զ̨籣˲˵£Ҳˣ
̨类ش𣬵˾վĿ̨е֮ϵʱӶʱɵùԲŵÿ˵ݡ£Ǵ˵е֮ôûɣ˾վЩŵ۾
ȷʵ֮û̫ʱںǵԶŷس϶вٺǫ̈ܺã˵Ҳƽʱô䵭ˣ˾վ˵Ҳϣųһɫ⣬һע֮档
صһ֮˲ʱը˷ĩһɹɴӰ㣬ɢӨӨ΢⣬̨ܡ
̨һӣ֮ķį̃˽ȥһѸٵ˺ϣꪱ߲ʹâ
Ҷվ̨࣬Եظо̨籵Ϊڲϵﵽ˷ǳ˵ĳ̶ȡ
˾վ죬˵һö֮Ȼõˣһõһ֮飬ͨǿ߶ȡ֮ϵ̨һӾͽ֮Ƿǳģ˷ѺܶྫҲòϣ̨ǶԵģ滹λţ̨籵ʵǿˣܻøĶ
ҶҲ֮ܵɢΪֺ̨ȽƣҶգ̰ãϾǺһ
֮ϵ̨֮˵ʶһ˿ı䣬ȫƤͬһ㣬ӨӨİɫ˼ջζ
̨΢΢üо֮ɢ΢ЩԾⲻʱռһ󲨶˫ֽպꪣռڿȥֻӰ½ƬԶŷس
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460 Զźʬ
˶̨ɫƽȥصѵ亣һҪѪô
̨籣Ҫᣬ亣ѪһΪ飬ǲǡһİˡ˵ں嵱УѪȻʵΪǿļȺ֮һҲļ֮һ嶼Ѫһ
̨΢΢ףʱһξ롣
۾΢ſԶǳƬƬʬǣſЦϲ˵̨籣û뵽ǾȻԶŷسԭһǳģԶŷسҶǳľûʲôȤˡ̨籣ǱһܲƬԶŷسҲ°ɣ
һҪռƬԶŷسǲܵģȻѪһЩ̨Ҳû취ǫ̂һսӮİջ൱ģǴҲû壬ҼСʱ֮Ҳ޷ֳʤ
Զŷس䲻ұģҲѪܹռġ̨籵غһҶ˾վߣӰѸٵسԶȥ
Ҳϲɫرһߡ
˿̨籵ıӰЦһһߡ
Ƿֿ֮󣬺ܿ캣ǿǣҲǷ׷׵ӿƬԶŷس֮С
Ϊѹƣ޷ȻƬԶŷسкö٣һ·ҹȥЧ̫ˣò˶þͻзǳĺǿӿʱöδֵõˣ
ʨүæõҲһݡҶЦӡеʨү˵ʨүӦòܵƬԶŷسѹơ
ƫףҲƫǧסʨү§СĸʨյصҶСӣû뵽ֵԶŷسҵˡ
Ҷһ˾վ˾̫ϳϣȥҲƫǧ״ѰҺ̨󡣡
˾վһ̨籣̨籵ͷȥ
Ҷ̨ƫϵĵطѰƬֻ̨̣֮һѺʬҵһ㸲ƬıƤϡ
ǺϵۼףҶʵһǲƤϣָзǳ
һֽк۵ĺϵۼףۼ׷ǳǿƳɼУ񺣾ǿҲ붴̨籱һ£ҲֻʷϷѣϧⶫռѣʦϵʦܽɼС
Ҷ΢΢ͷ񺣾ǿҲ޷ۼӦ൱ģ֪ܲ鱦ʦƳɼСԵ۵ǲ
ʱ˾վڱѰĿɨЩֵʬǣźɳ
޷ʩչСƾʲô׼ȷƶϳλãòˣҰɣ˾վȻЩţǰҶ˵λϸѰһһ·жҶҲЩˣҲۣƾҶһָ˷ǲƣǷǳ˲ˣǿǵڶ޷ƵĽƣ
֪ҶʲôֶΣСƺкܶƵӡ
˾վĴѰͻȻ֮䣬Զɳ֮һ΢ͷһ֪ʲô
ȥɳֻһνĳ֮ڡ
»ĳôһֻ»ٻʮϰɡ˾վظųĿǿ˾һ㣬۷Ź⡣»ĳѰ䱦;ǳ㷺ĳĥɷĩȥһͿԽ涾˽ⶾƸֳҩľϡ
Сĵؽ»ĳպã˾վ°ͣ˴֮ǰλǡǧң֪Ҷô֪бġ
Ȼĸ˾վҲɵó׷ˣòϣҶһЩֶεģǰֻʵǿˣҶһ⡣
˾վת̨籺Ҷڵķȥмڴ֪Ҷûи֪ĵط
̨籺Ҷһ·Ѱҵ˼öЩʬϲĶǼΪĺö
ҶԶͻȻӦˣСƺһЩ֡
̨Ҷͷ̨˵Сڵķȥ
ԶѪһļǿĴѰѰ˰죬ҲֻҵԶԶعҶ̨籵ЧƺҪߵöࡣ
ЩɻΣյؿ̨籺Ҷ̨籴Ǹ࣬Ȼʵֻʼȴܹ׾ٵƿż֮ĽƣܹôҵǲҲйأ
аţ֪λûнȥ·סһ˿Ц̨õĶԽ࣬ѪõҲԽ࣬ʱһˣ
Ҷ̨һһ·ӣǰȥֻԶһƬïܵĺԣһ峤ǧףͣҡҷţһƬһ㣬⺣Ĵ֮Уƺһ߾޴ʬ֡
һۻѹѹȶֲֿѹ˲һ˿ëȻĸо
⺣֮صģʲôǰִﵽ˺ּ
ǺУһӰһСһ˽ȥ
ҶСϽл޷Сȡϵ˲ѣҶȵط֣ѹ֮£ӡеʨүԼϵҲȫˣ⻹ǵһη״
ϵȫѹˣֻƾֿסֲֿ壡
Ҷ̨һۣ˶Էе𾪡
ǵʲôҶоɲ
֮ͣʱ˾վоҲǴڶǿ߸ϵǿʱҲܵǹɿֲѹȡ
УǾ޴ʬɢϢ϶Զ·޾¡
һԳȼ˻һ㣬ɺĹâɨ˹ȥ΢΢һ£ͻȻֳһ˿ϲ֮ɫ˸һȥ
Ѫһ߸ǿӦͣȫն𣬳Ƭг˽ȥ
ĳ֮ͫѪһ츳֮Ŀ֮͸һУó֮ͫ̽ˣƬӦòʲôΣգȻҲ˹ϵسȥ
˶Ҳ󣬴һӣ켸´һ˺ԡ
ĳ֮ͫ϶ǷʲôöԲȡ
ߣ̨米Ҷ˾վһֳֺۣꪣǳβһڣһȵس˺С
Ҷ΢΢üܸоƬЩԣǾʬɢѹ̫ǿˣԼʨүϵܸϣֻʹǻΣգ
̨米˽ȥҶ˾վûаɣҲ˽ȥ
Ӳͬķ˺ԡ
һ뺣֮У˶оǰһڣԼΪïܣ߻谵ֻܿǰ׵ķΧ
뺣֮˶һں濴ʱǾߺʬܽ߼ܵӣ뺣֮ǰнף޷ҵǾ߾޴ĺʬǡ
ôӴһʬǣôܺȻأ


461 
Χĺ壬һ޼ʣȻͷ·ҲǿˣеǽһԻô󣬿˲һ˿󷨵ĸо
Ǿǿߣȫ⺣֮С
ǿߣ⺣ҲһĨڣҲȥ·ˡ
ĳ֮ͫȻҲߣһͷ˽̨΢΢üԼҲûطоκ߷ĲΪûġ
ïܵĺУҶûлţĿϸظӦΧˮ֮Уһ˿˿صʩչʱϢмơ
Ҷ̨ۣ籵ƬӦòʲô󷨣Ի֮ںܿڻþ֮У
̨ɫһݣü΢ˣղŽ뺣֮ǰҷ·һٻң֪ôˣû͸ŽˡֻٻΪأҪѣҶ𡣡
̨籵ĻҶȻһĪǾó֮ͫɨӵʱҲ˻Ծͺԥش˳˽ǿĻȻ˲֪˻
ǸʩѾǵϵһʬˡ
⺣оһʲôĴڣ˭ʩչǿĻ
֪СϽܵȥˣǲҲݻþ֮УҶЩģȴȫ޷ӦСϵڡ
Ȼ˻ͲҪǰˣɡҶ˵䵽ףںײɳϣҪƳ
̨籺˾վҲ
Ժ֮һĻĻӰҶűģԼʱҶؿڴԻñ飬ɢ΢⣬͸Ҷ棬Ҷⰲ
ʱֻ峯̨籡Ҷ˾վ˹һһ㡣
ǻþع̨ԭᶨЩĺɫ˿䣬дһѵ
Щһ׳ߣסˣȫƤϵĸоΪʵһҲǻþ
սǵĲӣԽԽ΢ġ˻˻ǹڲϵ֮ԽԽǲǿҵϢС
̨籡Ҷ˾վȻͬɮ붨һ㣬رģΪ
ʱƣϢԽԽǿ˾վ򶨵Ȼһ˿ҡоԼ쵽ˣһ˿֮ɫⲻǻþıסأ
۾˫ֲͣŲϵĺ壬ҪЩɶĺ島Щޱȣƾ˾վ޷䳶ϡ
˾վֳʹɫһǿߣСʱҲ޴󰭣֪ΪʲôϢ֮ȴ˾վ޷ܡ
̨籽о˾վ״֪Щ嶼ǻþǱסӣоǿҵϢҲΪ򶨣˾վȴЩġ
һЩ߳Ļʦǿͨþɱ˵ģǷŴĵĿ־塢޵޷ܾ޴ĸ
Ȼ˿ֻ̨ܽģǱƣҲþ֮޷԰Σʱ׸
˾վʹ̨籺ȣĺ˻ƣ޷κһ˿ͫ׽ŴһǿҵĿ־ӡǰȻһߵҲηӿ־壡
ҶȻо˾վ״Ҳ޷Ԯ֣Իñػ۶Ļ˾վ˶١ôһ˿иҲþ֮С
ǿҵϢԴתһϾҪĸоҶͣԼǻþⲻģʵ̲ס˱ͷϺݺݵҧһڣǿҵʹԴһЩ
ã˾վʧȥ֧ţͫ׽ɢ˺УϢˡ
˾վˣ
þɱ
ҶȻþǿ̶ȣԶ󣬾ǰ߶ԻñʩչһҲֻܽԻҪûɱˣҪﵽһַǳĲΡ
һ˷ǳµĶ֣
˾վʬ徲ɳ֮УıȻǿҵʹࡣ
ʱ̨һüͷ¶һ˿˵ɫȻ˾վϵôã˾վϾڵλ̫ϳ֮һһھһ֮ǿѾˣң˾վȻƢ˵㣬Աһȴػġ
ʱ̨ͻȻɫһǱʲôסһ㡣
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Ҷĳ̨ͷһԴ˲һЩŷֲԣϽסġղ˾վһ˿仯һ˻þ֮С
ԶһƬƬïܵĺ֮Уһ߾ʬ˵ڵϣЩʬ֮УϡԷֱһЩˡ
ղŻˣתۼͳһʬ塣
Ȼ˵ڶǿߣҲǱɱǵ϶żΪʹ飬ܶ˸˫ĿԲĿɼȥ֮ǰ˼ҵ
ڻþУʱң֪˶ãֻʣˣǾҶ̨籡
һֱػ̨ܵİɫɴ׹˵ϣҲбɳ֮УﶼϢģûһ˿Ӧ
˵ĲԽԽϢǿң˷ֲʵǻþ
Ҫ
ҶоԼѾ˼ޣٹƬ̾ҪˣսǵҲˣ׵ʵǲʺͱ
һǿҵģǿҵ־Ӱ֮£ҶԺ֮еķɵ˲һɳͬȪһ㣬ʹȫϢȱĸоʱɢ˺ܶ࣬ˡ
ҶĽƽһƬתκλþ޷ӳϣЩƵĺ建⿪ɢȥҶһ˿ѵĸооһ˿þԼǻʱѰͻƿڡ
ʱ̨Ȼ˺壬ѩ׵ľϣһĺӡЩĿġֳǿҵʹ֮ɫȻΪҲҪܲסþĥˡ
Ƿɵӳ֣ƾԻþĵֿҶԶԶ̨籣ֿ̨ܹѾǳˡ
̨ϸ֣Ҳ̲ס̧ȥץЩ壬ҪЩ島
Ҫȥ̨籿³Ųˣ
̨籣ѹҶһδȳʨŭһ㣬дŴ˾ѵ
һȹԺ̨һЩϵʹԻ⣬˿ףʱԼ΢ôһ㣬ǻþ룬ҶһڵѾ˾վһˡļϣűһô˵ܾ
̨ҶһҲϽסġ


462 
ƬԵһƬĺ峤øïʢ飬Ĺ߼ڵסˣʮֵĻ谵
ҡҷĺ֮䣬һӴĺǣߺǳףҲף༫Ϊ죬ǹһĹ渲źʵ壬ԭˣҲ֪ڶˡ
̨ۿ֪Զź塤ȵʬԶźó壡
ʱһվʬ棬һʺɫĶ񣬶ñѹúܵͣסգ˿ò˸ͷʮֵİСһĺͯһ㣬ĽϿȥֻĽžǳʬϵģ߽޷롣
СϿȥȴʼ޷ߡ
Ȼֵסҵĵһػ²СߺߣǿĻʦֲĳŪ˵ģǡʬ˺Ȼˣһ˿ͯɵɫƮƮģһֲʵĸо̧ͷǰСϣñܵסֻܿɫ԰׵ͬһŰֽһ˿΢ЦС㣬ֻеֵסҵĻǲܻǣһĻô
Сգգ۾¶һ˿ǵɫϿȥ
ЦһСϣµͷڲڶµȻ⣬ܴ͸һ㣬¶һ˿Ц
Ż˵Ӣѹ˹أҵ֪ǲˡЦޱȣԶԶƮ
Χĺ֮УҶ̨类ҧֿŻþʴ
Ҷϵش߶ԺеķɵɵͣţֲԺʶϵǿҶ־þϮٹʮʮӣ˵ȫѻˡ
΢΢۾ǰ̨籿ȥҶЩģֵ̨֪ܲܵסþ
ȴʱ̨Զɽһü΢΢סĺ徹ѸٵȥЩֲպҲȫȥʧΪճĹϵ̨ϵ·ѾЩò¶Ƭѩ׻۵ļ
̨ԭںǱ̬ղʱΣվǰͦε˫ϰڰڣƬϲΡΡ·ʱһ㣬ƽ̹С޳һ࣬һϺõϾһ㣬ɢĹ󣬸һָ߹ʥĸоȴִջ
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Ҷ̧ͷȴ̨ԭ峺һ˿ãȻ̨ϵĻûн
Ļ̨籿Ѿٿˡ
̨ãȴĵһվ֮󣬳Ҷ˹̬ΪȻģ֮һ鲼֣֮һ˵ջ
˪߹ŵ̨籣ջ̬߹˿ѷɫҸܹе
̨籸ò֮ǰһʧ˰ɣʧأ֮ص
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̨˹ҶԱߣ¹ҶϸļĥҶֱۣ㲻ϵϮҶе˿˿
Ҷסģһʹĥ
֪жˣҪ̨߰һ׷ȴȫûлᣬֻԶĸ߹͵ţвǿҵҶҲò֮һԭʼĳ嶯
ȻڣأҶȷ϶һޱǿĻʦһԻֻԼĳһȱڣƿԼķԼʬ˴
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һΣ̨籵ѾеĻʦƣüͷһ£¶һĨʹɫݼţ漴ã֮С
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ʱǸʬϵ۵³һںѪش
ͷñȫסʲô飬һѪͷվûж
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ʱ̨籵Ҳʶ֮ǰЩ£оֹˮҲɵ΢΢һĨκ죬Ƭ֮侲ղȷоһ˲ٿʶȫܿơ
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463 ɵ
ȹǺϣǸļһŭѣû뵽ԼǱ񺣶ļһСˣǰ˵ʼ񺣡ҲһöԷҷ
ߣֻҲſ񣬿ҵĵػþ˫ſȻͷ°ˮоҵƮţñ¶˵ȴһĹɫȲ԰ףӣֻ۾û۰ףֻѪ鱬ţɫ촽ֿţ¶һɲЦݡ
һɿֲĻΪģɢ˳ȥɻ֮ǰҪǿ
ػþһҶֻֿ̨Ŀǰ״̬ǿд߶ػԼҲܵش
Сүûˣȥɣ߸ͷſĴЦϸ̶͸һֲ̬ķ
СϷȥһδεغײȥһεֵ棬޷˷ֺϾڣûʲôֻܸż
Ҷ̨籺һһĺ֣ͻȻоһɸµĻȶжʱȻһղǹɻѾֵܹˣɻȸղŻҪǿ
ߣ̨籼ȵеĺϣһǿγһʵķͬʱİɫɴһһɫҶϡ
ҶȴǿõɶӿķԽԽԶ
һ̨̣Ǿգ·𱻿ռЩģ
ҶЩ̨籵߲ˣϡ䣬Ҷ̨޳Ӱû޾ĺڰ֮УûаηӣޱȾȻᶨ
ȻĹͷȻޱ侲̨籣
̨ǷһҪԼգ
ҶԺзɿһ棬ǵʱǲȻ̨籰Ȼֱһ˱ǹҲκζȻҶУȴһ˿ӵĲλеʹ
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Ҷڷⱬŭһһǿ͸͵ֹסΣĴһѰɵӿķ
Ҳܲж֣Ҷֻ֪ΨһĻᣡ
һѰɵͬһ㣬˳ȥ
ҶĶ쵽˼ޣƬչܼɨ䣬ڵޱк֧ܿŲסˣҧ߶ԺеķɵԴԴϵӦ˳
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׹֮Уһ͵עҶڣһ˿ϤϢ
꣡ҶҶ̫̫Ҫػ
Ӹղ̨Լһ̿ʼҶ֪Լֶ˼Ρ
һ֮дһﴦƬռѸٵҲô˺ܶ࣬ԸԵķʽС
Ժеķɵ˲ͬкٲӿ˵֮С
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ʼأ
ҶڵһֱԶȥಣһɵ֡
ʱȹǺϣǸ΢΢̧ͷһѰѷɵԼ߼ɫ촽΢΢һ֣һɫͷǣмߵƾѷɵҲ˵ң
һ㣬һǿǼķɵͼû߽ɵĻѾ˿Կʵĵز
ǣĻӴЩɵʱֻЩɵϬƿĻƲ߼˹
׵Ĺ¶˺ȻɫѪɫӵɵüҪɵô˰ԵȻĻ޷ƣ
ݲö룬Щɵתѵǰ׵ضµķֱ֣
˷ɵһϰٵɵһ·䣬Ƭɨ˹ȥأȹǺ϶ʱ˳ƬƬ
ҵĺǣ˿ʬϵļʮ˺ѷεŭ˫εسʬϣ޷ƶֺֻŷɵʬҶķ򣬺ȻһѪᣬĿģ͸ſ̹ǵĳޣ૵㼤ŭˣļŭˣ
һɵˣʹֵؿŹǺϵĿеĺͬХһ㣬Ҫ籡
ߺߣûɵҿǻʱҪǣŹԹߣȻ䣬һΪܼɵ߸˹
ĹʱŤһɵȥı彫˵øΪأ
ʱϷǻСϿɵ˵ķ֣۾գգ漴гһ죬¶ֵƤĻģವһֱǸļһϣزסͷ
ҹļһ˲ͣذСϣҪСϴԼԴСϵʮ壬ô˿СҲʲô
ۿɵɵǰϾҪСϵˣСವһһӰȥߵʱ۵һһŨڵī֭ǸһͷǺī
Ǹһͷںһţ壬һɵֱصһϡ
Ǽһ﷢Ĳҽ
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صһķѣ̨ŨܵĽë˲׼ƽصȴͻȻ֮䣬ΧǹǿޱȵĻͬ˳һ㣬Ѹٵ߽ˡ
ΧǿĻþˣ̨һ£ָֻ˾һս
Ǻĵطһ߾޴ĹǺغȻǴ˵е̫źȣһļһų̆籿òֻ࣬˫žȫȹǺϣ˲˹еĺꪺԥͶ˳ȥ
ųĿ߲⣬һһ㣬Ǹļһȥ
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464 Ȳл
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ǼһﱻⱬըŪ⧲Ǻϡ
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СϣɵòҶСϵԴ޵СǼһͷī֭ҶɵҪǼһﻹ治̫ס
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465 
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žԶȥıӰҶüܾƺЩģʲôı㣬Լ޾
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Ǳʮǰȷʵһǳǿĺ壬ʱ̨籵ĸͳ챱λ˵ڶǣһսȴʹǱһʧأ̨籵ĸսǼλҲȫսһս֮ǱҲٹ⡣
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˹֣ת뿪ˡ
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ǸұضǸۣұһ岢˭۸ġ̨籰Ȼ͸һ˿Ȼս⣬ǿĵˣҲһǰĵ
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Ҷ̨ͬ籵뷨ǿˣûõģΨһսΪı󣬻һȺѪŨˮˣ


466 ٶҲֻ
ңԶŷسﻹҵЩʲôҶ˵˼Ѱ
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ǿ̫źĶҺ
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ЩΧĺǿ߿ǿڤᾧȣ޲ǰ֡
һصĸֲŷڤᾧԣڤᾧȷʵӦùһ塣Ա߾˵۾̨籣̨类мּɵģôǿڳҲ̨籡
Ѫһˣܹʼ
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Щǿ߲ѪһΪʲôҪԼпǸһʲôڣҪûѣһλǿһۣôǲԸ⽫öڤᾧóǿ̫ڤĶõúãȫͳһϵǿߣڸһ嵱УǾۼĴˣ
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˾վأǸų̂籣һܹ֮Կô𣿡Ҳ˾վҶһ˫ѪֻǶס̨籣һŵĶһ㡣
ٶҲֻڤᾧҪˣҪĻɣڶǿߵȣ̨籲첻³һ仰Ȼƽ޲


467 
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һȷʵǿʢޱȣձɽ˾վأ̨һ֮ҪԿô֣³Ų˶ð
ȻһУȴĿɿڴ̨籲ûкܿܣսĸǿߣȻȫ·硣
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ٴﵽأһλһıأλں嵱жպյĸ֡ڻ޳֮ǰ嵱ǿҲضѣһһλ˼ңǿҲضѡ
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Ǻδй顣
Ǽ̨米ɳȥѪԾһ޴вҧݣϵʩչɱС
ս֮УҲǼΪ𾪣˫Ǿ޴ȻҲ޷ͻ̨кꪵ߲⣬ʵԽܡ
ڴ֮ʵڶǴǰ峤еһʱҲܵôѹ̨类Ŷ᣿
뵱̨籵ĸ׵꣬ǰҲǸëͷСӰˣ
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սһʼѪʼǿߣǳҶҶΪһ࣬Ȼ뵽һֱ̨籵ĺ棬ǿǿ۸Ķ
ʼĺǿ߽ҶΧҶĿУһ˿Ū
ҶĿɨʼǿߣһʼʮأʼأʼصģƬԶŷس棬ǾǷǳĸˣΪܵѹƣǿɷӵʵҲֻ൱ڡڵӡ
ԴӸղŽʼ֮ҶеѾЩΧʬѹܵѹƱЩʼǿҪСһЩҲֻܷӳʼһصʵѾ㹻ˡ
СӣڤᾧǸһǿЦſҶǽžž죬һٶ׶׳Ƚ϶ԣҶֱСÿ
ǡǲҪҶ˼װֵ̿صȴûһ˿ţϸ۾ʼĺǿߡ
ߣղŲǻӲ֪˰ɣ̨ѱûܾȵ㣡ЩǿЦƽҶ
ܲöһöܶģ㿴ָԵĺöֵǣǳ֮ʯлЩܱܻܲһҶ̧ͷװؿʼĺǿߡ
СſҶԴϣҲգգ۾һ޺
ʼǿ㿴ңҿ㣬Сɵ֪ﻢ񣬻ҰѶóΪ㶫ܻɱˣжùԹԽ
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Ǽѵڷ֣Ҷٻܷӳʼһصʵܹӵʵ൱ˡ
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ӺȻ֣ȻѹƲסҶǰδе飬Ҫ֪Ҷʼضѣӷŭִޱȵ𾪣ӷɱɣʱѾ˲ÿҶǲ˭Ժɳʲô̶ȣ
ſЩ޵ǳӰЩǿһˣǵֻʼǼֲʼǿߣôᣡ
ܸǺȻʧɫԼһУǰҶŸոսʼԿѣڲŹ˶ãҶȻѾԸԿ֮öˣѾԶԶ׿ˣⱲӿ¶Ҳ󼰣ֻЩ˵еĴʱ򣬲㾪˵츳ɣ
ڿУԿš
أҶһ˿ѪǵһԿҲ޷ȫںЩǵӵǵܳܵļޡ
ʮ￪⣬̨УǱ߹սǰÿΪҶҪ֧ŲסҪֵʱҶо˵ıֱ֣չֳһԿʵ
⾿ʲô򣬽ֻһ˿ûгΣͿֵܹסӵκھһԿ̫ˣܵĸ̫󣡡̨üһһֻϸ֣һ͸
Զƴ߶ѹҶͻȻоһǿǱһ޴һ㣬صһɳ˼ף۵һ³һѪ
ɫ԰ףĵվȣֳȻ֮ɫ³֣壡̨籣


ܵ˴ʧɫ׷𣬻ӵߣûӵô˵ģֻ³ļ֣һľĪǱ̨֮籵ˣǸ̨ģ
ˣǿֳ棬˷ܵصղҶӵĶԿ岻֣ΪԿ֮Уһᱻ˺飬һ߾ҶʵһҲΪҶǣȻˣҶ϶ûΣˡ
ΧĵһƾɢҶڴ˿Զգһ̾Ҫֲ̨а
̨ԶԶƮ첻޳¾ҲԸɱˣʹգǻȥɣ´λͲôܹ˽ˣ
ȻǵѾͶ˺һ壬֮ԿڣҲһǵĶԹӴһʹȻоƣǿҧ˵̨ľǿǰֻܷ뵱ȻΪ̨֮ǰΪǵѾͶ˺һ塣
о̨籵ʵȻѾﵽ˾˵ĳ̶ȣʮ￪ܽˣԭΪʵ̨ȣòôأڲ֪֮ľֱͬǵһ㡣
Ŀһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ǵδͶҺһ壬Һһˡ
̨һ仰ȴ˵
ǵʲôʸ뺣һˣǵǿ߶ûУʲôܱһ忴УҪ˵ʲôֵעģǱֻҶˣҶĹµ츳ȵȣ˲ò⡣
Ҷܿ죬̨ǿӦδػɣ
նΪƽӹ֮жһͣʼʮ޷ͻƣжͻƵ֮Զֻͣڵһ򣬶̨籣˵ڶǿ˰ɣ
ǵƾʲôܹõһƽȵĶԴ
뵽Լ˲һִУͶִӵиζӳ¡
ȻˣҵȾʹ˸ǣȻвʣǶԶ˹֣ܵѸٵԶȥ
ܻͷҶһۣҧݣг˼ʺͲʣһ˿κȻӵʧʡ


472 Ⱥ۾
Ҷۼͷ˳ȥһ˿˿ֻصһǵӵڣֻ·ЩǵǾ˲һ㣬һӵڵϣһϽϥ
ҶսʱЩǵҲǳ˼ѹҶսǽҶһ
ԺΪ
лˡҶңԶ˵мָӣ̨米־ǵԼǷһ飬ԭƾԼԿӣͷǲǿһ˿ǳջĴġ
ؿһӦòˣɣȻرˡ̨籲δ¶棬һ˿ºͣԶԶ֮㷼ˡ
ǰ¶һѩݣҶЦ¹Ȼǰٶôġ
Ҷһؿ壬ֻ̨˵ƽʱ΢ƽһЩȻͱˡᡱ֣ɼ̨ƽʱǶô˪Ҷӣţ̨籾ո˵ҲԶûͨ˵ʱºͣᡱһ߶Ϻòá
Ҷô룬忴ҶĿѾǳݵòˡ
ҶҶɽ֮У֮󣬱ľ£һϮҶеҪʵ
ӶԿҶһЩһЩˣڲ޴󰭣߶Ժеķɵϵӿ΢Ƭ̣ƱѸԭ
ҶĿ˼սջ񣬳һ˿ǳ֮⣬֣ԭǵ΢Ȼսǿ꣬Ч֮󣬲ﵽҶ¶˾ģҪúЩͨǵӣи
Ҷͷųһɢ˿УǵгǳȫС
ɽ֮УͨʨҶɽȿһۣҶΪĽչٶȣʵ˾ȣоϢҲͷų˻Уյһ˿˿
ǵǵĻ֮УҶӰ졢ı䣬˴֮乲
ɽУǵЩӡޡޣȻԼ˼룬ȴһ˿˿Ŀȡ
Чҵ£
ҵ׷£
Щй֮ĵģвǿҵθУҲĵЧҡ
ǧϢҶ꽻ҶԵޱǿҶоЩЧҵת
쳽ҲֳĶغױȡ

۹۶ִפִλݴѾʼ񺣾磬ЩͨӸطӵ޳֮ǸûԱִ֪֮λʵ֮ǿǨ۹۶ִפһȻȫġ
۹۶ٲȻΪ½ġ
Щ֮ͨ⣬һЩҲͶִһȵȣЩȨ߶ʼĴڣնִ֮£Ϊִĸӹ
ִŵٶȣΪˣǰҪǿƵö࣡
ʱ䣬һսáɳһ塢ڻħһ塢ҡʮ󳬼۹ĻȵȣԼʮͷִ۹۶еĸ˵۶һ۹ɽ֮У
ĸҸִһֱܲͷǵľͷûеֻ˼޹ؽҪĵӹЩľͷҲʱ̹ע۹۶ߡ
Ҷ̨ҲûȥһһʼĳϹȥҶСǰ
Сٶȼ죬ܿ㵽۹۶Ͽգ֮߮İץҶǳˮ۹۶֮зκ鶼ᱻ¼ǳˮ֮С
۶棬һƻֺĸɽɽƣ羰续деĲľ֮䣬һƬ̻Ի͵ĽȺһʥǣ߸ϣ
⼸գɽԣַǷ
ɽɽһƽ̨ǧҲӵƽ̨漫ΪƽǱһƽһ㡣
ʱƽ̨֮ϣڷаÿŰ϶ŷʢʳǿ߶ϯЩ֮ϣƷƣЩʲô
аǰˣµˣڰ̫ʦϣ˱ִλ
ִλȻ⣬ȴһֱӼ˼ǣλһͬʹúܶοǵ˲˼ۣɴҲɼִԴ˴λӡ
λòϿֻʮѣ˽ǵ˶֪λ䣬Ѿˡ
еλ˵Ѿʮִ꣬еλҲΪߡڤŷĹĿ֮䶼еâ
ڤٶǰǴ½ϺպĸˣǵʱϵľţʮﵽʼʮʱִΪִִ֮ȷѪ꣬켺ڶʮɱִʮһλ̫ϳϣһʱȺۣλȹ̣ʮ֮Ǳ˺ѿõټˡ
ڤλڤмƣֻЦеģڤϽȻͬڤ׵ܵܣҡǰڤһͬʱҲ߳ƵΪڤѷɫ쵼ϣڤǿڤ˾ĻЩִ꣬ҵ쵼֮£ΧʮֹΪ½֮İһ˱Ĵ½
ڤҲģһ͵ǿߣԺ¶һѳʵһּΪĸо˵ΪѷɫҺڤ͵Ϊأ˭Ҳ֪û˵κ¼ƾðһˡڤִִ֮ĵһ±ǽγִĵ֮һʱִ˶÷˼ܶ˷ԣڤѪɱӴҲû˸Ҷ˵ʲôĽ죬ִϰߣҲִλ֮һ
λףڤͽޱ飬ɫ䵭һЦݣ崺һ㣬γǿҵķ
ڱ֮У׵ģ޻һ׼ףڷӢȻһɹϵϢתտȻҡڤɨ
ǺڻħɳһϹѪ峤½ǰʮļλ֡
ִλ޻սչ롢ڻħ峤ɳһ峤ɳͨ졢ҩִҩˡ鱦ִλͷ϶͸ǿĵڶϢ᳡·𱻷ָ˾Ÿ硣


473 Ѫ
ڲ֮ǰһǳĴʻµƬӵǿߣٶõһ飬ʱǵʵܶ඼Ѿֹˡ
һɹ˴̽ıԵէ֣˶ȽϿƣûнֵļ
һ̨ûеҿ𣬵һЦ
ûеȴĵ˿ڲ˵̨һǴĵﲻмμӡ
ǵҲǣ֪ʲôʱܺȵֺ̨籵ϲƣһĨĹ⣬ЦǺǵؿڣ·н̸һ㡣
һͺһ嵽˸ýϵʱȻҲˮɣлֹһɫƽػӦ֪ҴˣǷǳЦ滢Цصǰһ̻Цģһ̱ʹɱ֡䣬ֱﲻһˣûʲôɫ
Ļҵһ˿ϸɲĺ⣬ȴǵһЦͷ˿ڲ衣
Ϊǿᣬŵĸͷоһ˿ԵѹǼӵ˵ڶǿߣܹǿԿ֮⣬ֻһľͷĬĬŵͷȲ裬
ִ̫ϳ˲λԣЩͷǣлٶмְǿλǿĴڣЩͷλǰҲøҹԹţԼǸ½ǿˣȻǼֵý顣
λ˵ִ˻޳ԴȻ˶ˣǸϽֱɡڻħ峤𳤵֣ǸﲻסƢ𱬵ˣһûһ˵ţ˰Ҳû˵ϣмֲͷˡ
ģִȷʵ˻޳ԴҿЦɫһӲصڿ֮ǰһЩҪ˵һָڶ͸ɢϢ絶ƽޱȡ
δӦֻۡ죬·ľͷؿڽѪ߶ûһ͵˵ϡ
½󳬼ңںܾǰ󳬼Ҷִ걻ڤɱʮһλ̫ϳ֮УвֳЩңЩִ֮󣬱䡣˴λ飬ҵľͷǰ
ȻȴǺԥؽɱ
˾׵صѪ֮УȫȻЩλľͷȫɫһ䣬ִȴɱˣмƢ𱬵Ѿ鼤վ׷ʡ
ִǺ⣿
󳬼Ȼִִͣټ֮ǰ˵ᾡǰӣһͬԿޣĪִͷ𣿡
Ҫһͣ
Ⱥ鼤ܣͷɫΪѿִĿ˸ȼͷȻﲻɫ
ڤͶɱĿ񣬶ӵĻ᳡Ųʣ·﷢鶼޹һ㡣
᳡˷߿ӣֹ˱־ԵЦݣƵص˶˸ҳ˵ʬһӣֻ˵ĳѸٱ仯ƤϵһЩ
˶˲ҺƼҵˣ˵òһھͷ΢΢Щȣ漴Ҳˣ󳬼ִԹ̫ǵȨ߲ա
ϵҺƼҵˣһһ磬󳬼ҵĳϣ
΢ǶݹģϾҲҺƼҵˣôˣȴ֣˿˵ĻᣬֶδҲ̫ݶ˵㣡
ףִһŭڣȴסû˵ʲô᳡һʱ־
˶ǰǶִӣҵĿɨˣϵڶεͷſ
ˣ˵ȶѹ̧ͷڸԵΧ˵һȨߣȴ˶ԴоŭͬʱҲòִǿͷ
ִ˼Ƕִģһɸɱ֪λҪҵô죿ʱ˫ֱң͸һȻƣҵĵڶԿ˶ʱѹһᣬ˿
µˣȻֲһˡЦصһգ˳ջͷŶһͰ׵ӣ·ղŻɱ˵ģһ㡣
Ȼջǹѹȵ䣬Σ˭֪һҪɱ˭
ȥҺƼҵǿɢһѪ֮ǻӿ
ʹ˸ɫִԱǰʬȥؽ᳡ʰɾǻһ˿Ѫ˭Ҳ֪ղˡ
ȼͷ˵ȶΣ᳡ս͡
Ƴһ˵ķӦƺЧ⣬¶ƵЦ⣬˴λǰλһ£ϵ⡣޳Ҷ½ϹٵһΣϣλִһԿޣԽ˵Խߣ˵мּӡ
ִλ˼Ҫôϣڻħ峤ûʲôɫʵмŭ⡣
Ҷ˺һۣصƾִ޷Կ޳λ룬Ǿͺöˣλƺôִ£ƺֻһһЩֻһЩ޹ؽҪĴƺûʲôġ
һ˵꣬˱㶼ִͼҪȫִ
ͷȫַ߿ڵͼϹŴʷƾãôжԼǴӦִ˵޷ڶӺ˽Ҳ棡
̨˵ûִȷʵִǴ˽½һ𣿡û棬һΣյĹâ
̨ȷ£̨ܴ籹˳ִִ㲻̨米֡ҵҲЦǺǵسˣ൱ţ˵ݶˣûҪٹ˼ʲôִȻҰô˽Ȼ̣
ҺܼɵĻͷŭţüͷ˴ǰ׶༪ٰ
ߣִǺôθڣҲҭ޳Űÿ춼ڻצ£ȴȨҺڻħһִŶûУҲȻ᳼ǣŭĿԲվǿ͸ֻءһܵļŰʱըƬ֪еķŭ
ĻԵڤͻȻ۾֮ͫһѪϢ
ںԵĵڶ⵽ʲôشͻȻķѣʧɫûκζֻȻʼѣĲҽ֮صһըѪĽ
ڤɨһۻ᳡΢΢һٶȱ۾


474 ˳
Щں𸽽ˣ϶Ѫмһ᳡ʱѻȸЩͷϸȨߵλãͼǱסˡ
أ˵ڶǿߣȴִĵ֮£ըѶˣǺεʵĪִλѾǽ񺣾ǿߵĴڣ
λ˼е̫ˡһСָ˿۶䣬Ц۾գһ£·ҳ㷹һ㡣
ҵЦݣһ˿˿Ӹͷĺð˳
֮ǰΪǺܶȫûеִһִãû뵽ξۻᾹһ硣
ҵԸ˳ִλǲǣһӴͷִλϥأ
ҵԸ˳ִ۹Ļ壬۹ڣҲ׷׳ִλȥ
Щ͹˳ִ˵ģֻӰˡ
ЩͷЩˣ¶ɫѾոյֶסˣֿô˹˳˼ҡ˳컹ܻ뿪
½½أһ˹ие裬ȴ
ڳʮˣһأֻʣٲֻǶû˵ڶǿߣʮ˵һǿߣǶһĴڡ
ȻڤɱֶסǣûжҪһô˵ƾһܻ޷Կִսáҩǡ鱦󶼸ĻҲûлᡣ
ϵЩһɹϢɱ˶ڵ˵
豭һڣһǺò裬˲ӦɽϵҶɣλǿ˺ò裬ֻܲ𡣡
ĻֻҪλִûкòȣȣҿһЩ֮ȥҺǺһЦҲǶ˲豭
̸ЦƷ۵ȴŵ⽣Ӱ
˾صȴţҲҳеһ˿Ϣѹ
ͻȻһԴЦ㿴ԣһЩȴ˸λۿˣʵڱǸһӣɽƽ̨ϿһĻĻӰ
ĳصɽȣﳣŨ֮У˿ɽɽȶһƬ޴ķǡ
·ƽ̨ϣмͷɫ΢֪
ӰУͻȻ֮շӰ˶ɫۣ϶ִ𽣱־ֻеǴƺ£ƺȻֽһ
ɽܶӰŭȣ
أһ󵶹⽣Ӱ
󳬼еƼңǸƼҼ㣡·˵ͺ
ִǿ߾ؼģɽңƼҼ㱻նɱ֮ɽ֮Ѫɺӡ׳ߣ棬һŹƬ֮ԭԴɽбؾʬ塣
ִǲúһ˫ĿԲѪ˿״ش
ۣߵűһѪɽ˵ϡ
ҿţһƼҵϲֻӶһ䣬ֳ֮һĻӰ
󳬼еĪңҲһɽĹ֮Уǿ߽٣Īȫ¾һʣһĻĻײޱȵĻ棬˵ľ
ִôôĸ֣
᳡֮ϣЩվŵͷ亹м½ˡǲһģܱܿǣǵʵִ̫ԿѻʯǲеӺ˶ִ
ʶʱΪҲɨһ۹µˣص˵ͷ漴ֿҩǺ鱦λȨߣЦЦʵҩǶλΰ
ҩ˺һۣ¶ֿЦǸһսõȲͬһսõĵ̶طִǣҲҪһۣȴûѡˣΪҩǺ鱦󶼽תƵ۹۶ִǲӣִʱǣ
ҩԸ˳ִ
鱦ҲԸ˳
ҩ˺ͷ΢յڸһŵɱյ裬лᣬձض˫
ܺãҴЦŵ˵ͷҩ˺˻ʶࡣ
Ҵ̶Цҩ˺ᶼҧأͷĬҩǺ鱦һֱǳȻĴڣʱܹ裿ǻ޳Ϯǲִ֮ص۹۶ִھӣǾΪ֮ƣҲֻʱˡ
չɳ峤λ𣿡һڲ裬ֿսõչɳһɳͨ죬ƽȴһ˿Ϣȡ
֣ĳһ²֪ʱ廰鵭ģȴһɲַϡ
ֵ˵޷üëһ̧תִĴָϵָһ˵Ȼ֮ɫ
޳ңִ̲˶½еǱĶԿ޳𣿡糣һһִȻûľһ˿
ȻˣҾֱ˵ˡǰǳˮǸ˵û˶½½Ҳ޳ǣ޳ȷʵԪųǵ˿Ϊ֮ҵһЦ
Ԫųǵڱ᳡Щ˺ܰûڣΪʲôǸ˺̨籵Ļ
ҵȵʵȻǷԪųǵģģҲ񺣾ǿߣԪǲΪҵȶҵ֮ѡ񺣾ǿߣǰԪųǡ̧ͷصҵʸ񺣵ģǳ֮󣬽λһͬ񺣣ȻǰԪųǡǲһ޳٣ʧ󣬲˳ִ
Ҹµ˼ִΪҵɷѿඣ·ʲôЦЦȻʧЦִ̲Ҫ½Դ棬һͬǰԪųʲôĸǷƨˣô״ﵽģ
ǵȻִΪ½ڶ֮ףȻҪ½治Ĳ˵
֪˿ҵı飬ҵĻΪ棬ڳĸͷոռʶִѪɱ¾м˻أ
Ԫųǵ飬Ǹ˲ûƭҵȣǸǳˮϻ˵һ飬ǾִλħħݺᣡɫȻʵʵĿִλϡ
ĿҡڤɨȴǸܲκһ˿ħϢ
ҵǲħѵԼ𣿡ҹһЦֱ޻̸֮
ĳ׾΢΢ü˵Ļ
ֲˣǹҵȵĹϵ
ǵĹϵܵõʲôô𵭵˵˵ʱָ֮׹֡


475 ս
ҵĿϣһɱһִսȻ
ɱʢ˵֮з˾ҵĦ
չ롢ɳͨ죬Ƕ˻û˵ҪҪ˳ִЦȥһչɳͨʵǳʧȥġ
չɳͨһۣڽʲôһ㡣˽һִΪִĿܣ
֣Ǻڣպ֣˽ǡչ뵭һЦֵ˵䣬ӰѾͻȻŤ
ڡЦЦչľٶһ㶼ûиеȡ
ڲλ֮ǰǽˡ
˲ɫһһҪ˲ߣŶûУƾһֻ֣չץȥ֮Уһ˿˿صΧĿռ·Ťһ
ҳ֮ʱһӣһֻ豭ֻ˦ȥֻصһը죬豭ײֻ֮ը촷ۣζ˶٣չʧڳС
ɳ֮ԱߣɳһϴɳͨһֻѸٵػ˵ɳ
ԱߵڤȻ˫ۣ˫Ŀ֮ڻɳͨ켤ȥ
Ҷִߣڤͳɳƣһɵڶ͸
׽˫еʢɳͨΧ˵ϵƣɳͨ档
䣡
ڻ׽ϣ׽ʴһȱڣǺڻɳͨϣصһըڻ˲佫ɳͨ˽ȥ
ǿĸʴڤȫȼźɫɳͨ쿴һۣٳ֣ƽϣµһȡ
ܺڻ֮£ɳͨһɳӣɢ˵ϡ
֮⣬һĨɳɳͨӣ۹۶˳ҲܣɫҰܣ۵³һںѪ
ִϼһʵȻ˵ãʩչɳ֮Ȼ㱻ǸɳͨҧؿڣǱ롣
᳡֮ϣ˵ڶľͷУҩ˺˳չܣɳֻͨʣ𻹵Ȼλϡ
չ롢ɳͨ׼Ŀ֮һĨɫղ赲չɳͨȻʩչ˲ɳ֮Ҳӿǵġ
λ񹦸ĳĳʵѾ޷λԿˡƽ˵Ŀɨҡڤһֱͬɮ붨һϡ
ǶһˣôһЩʤģڤˣ֪ʲôԵޱȡִУɵģңҲڤ֪ʲôͣһۣƤһĻҺ֮ɫһһ㣬͸һ˿ѰϢ
ǫˣлȻڲ֮أֻǣνܵ˺ֻܲҪΪ֮ǿһۺвչɳͨܵʮֲ졣
Ͳλˣ֮ô꣬ǰǿ߼ʱҲû˸˵ܹ֮ǡ˹ǣȻ
Ӳض˻ɫЩѿ
񺣾Ƶ֮ǣִδҲơʱһԴʼûжͣͻȻ˵ˣɳƶӲһ˵Ĺ죬ܾû˵һ㣬һɹɹصϢѹ˹ȥ
ʱڵ޷ˣһû뵽ص;ǿ
ȻֻǻҲбɵʵˣǰǺ޻֮
ڣִṥ֮ǣƶ˵ǻɫ֮ͫУ޹ʣʬһ㡣
۵һϣȼ˺ɫĻ棬͸ڤղŶɳͨʩչĻһ
һݡĿ⣬ڤͶ˵ϣҪʲôȴʧˣƬ֮˻ҽ
ܣߵ˶ˣҳ𣬸Щµˣ˵ӽй˳ִڰǨ۹۶֮У
۹۶ѾΪǧ˻۾ӪУɲôˣ鱦ͷһװ˵
ͷҲңǨ۹۶Ǿͻִ᳹ƣѷˡ
Ҫڳط򵥣֮ڣµȫϳ۹۶ǳһ˿Цؾǧ˵
ҵĻоͷǶȻм۾ˣһ仰ǧ̣ǣǲΥҵȴǵҲΨ
ԣڤͶҲվ̧ͷңԶƲ㣬ֻƶ֮ϣһӰһӶǱǳˮСϣСԼٶȷӶȥʧʵľͷ
ڸҶʱ䣬С˲ǳ֮ʵõ˼񺣾ǿҲδܹ׷СϣҪɵСϣ˵񺣣Ҳǲܡ
Ҷɽ֮УҶõСϴǳˮǳˮӰ񣬷ŭѣȻԤϵûִټЩĴǰ۹۶ıġ
λ飬ֱӵ¶½ִ£ˣִһĶҪ֮ǣ
֪ʲôĴ㣬뵽֮е飬Ҷͷһ˿ǡ
ִӦòֻһҪͳ½
Ļ޳֮УѾڼĻˣҶҲĲѣҪԲ׳Ļ޳ҪҰĲִǵܷȥ
ǳˮĻ棬Ҿǧ뿪۹۶Щ˳ȥ
Ҷסȭͷָǧˣûܾȵǣֻܵ
Ҷڳʹǧ̫ˣ۶õĳǳҲ̫ңԶ;ŰĻޣûκһܹ֯ô˰ȫǨƵ𴦣οִƤӵ£
Щûȥ۹۶ĸͷǣǳˮϵӰҲŭѣִľٶʵڹڰԵ̣ǳ׵ؼŭˡ
ҵִݣ
һҵȣִսף
ǳˮ֮вӰ񣬲Ȩ߾δֻһЩС˵Ҳ˵ִ֣Ե೬ѾĸҪǲĵط㹻أҲӽѣǰ֮ҪǱ¶ĻҲ֮֡
ӽҺһִս̨籵Ӱǳˮϣ˫ɱ
սҲִսչ֡
ɳһҲִսɳ֣ͨƽһûܹ˵ӡ
һҲִսӰǳˮ֮Уɫ

Щ༸ұ̬


476 ȥδӣ
ϺЦȻǳˮ֮һſصڣִؽͳһ½вߣɱ⣡
ҵɭѹȡ
û뵽ִɥĲڻ޳ҵ£ִôսǶʲôôҶһֱִ϶һЩ˵飡
ҶеĽȣҪôܾΪ
ȻִҪǿʼɨ½жҪɥִУʱǵҲ޷ѡ
Ҷҹͣţǳϵǳ֮ž쳽ǳҪ˳
ǵǵ꣬ͬȺǣҶ겻ϽڣҶΪٵš
ʱһһš
СȻ۹Ͽ߮ѼŸ鱨һռ伫Ǭִļ̵ֲ㶫ִܲǱߣΪִڣ֪ôģС϶ôһ˿η壬ҿ
۹۶ɧһ۹ҵľִһЩִߵָ£ʼģ񣬽Ǹ⡣
޺˷ѹѹȺس۶Ĵŷƶ
ʲôޣһڼ׵ʿеĳǹɨһСŮϡ
ۣѣѪĽСŮɫףŵ˵ϡ
̫һЩ׵ߴȺгŭЩڼʿ
ɶӵĺڼʿӿ˹ǹ֣ۣһ϶һѪ˵ϣѪɺӣѪȵϢ˳ȥ
ҷߣɱ⣡ڼʿһͷŭһ
һڼʿóǹ˴ǸСŮǸСŮûзӦһǹȥѪǸʿϡ
Χʹر۾
ʮִ˹ǿЩĿ¶мǷһ˿Ц
ݼִ߸£һЩڼʿǿЩִߣʩ¶ĵЦݣͷӾһһ
ЩһЩƯĹˬһˬмִߺٺٵЦ
ǣЩڼʿǹ
һƬ֮УʮŮڿ޺б˳ȥЩִ߾Ȼֶʩ
ޣ

УǼʮŮȫʹ飬Ҫǵȴǵһ֧֧ĳǹڲҽȥ
Щڼʿȥֿ˿Լϵսף˫ĿѪһƬЩȥİգƴӻˣڣȴҪȥսԼӻˣ
ɱȻһڼʿҲͲˣŭųһִߣǹǸִߵؿڡ
㡭ҡǸִ߿ŴضĳǹֿǸʿŵصָȴҲ˵ȥ
ɱʣЩִ߱ŭѣָǸʿȵ췴ɱ壡
ΧһЩʿʹش۾˫ֽȴûжһЩʿȴŭǸʿе̽սѵš
Ǹʿˣ֮ǰŭЩִߣԼܶɱһ
Ļ棬ڵ۶ʱʱݣ˼Ҳˡ
һһ񱻸۶ĳǽ֮⣬ǧ˺ѹѹؾۼ۹ǽ棬Ⱥ˴ӿһȺȺ޿ʼ¾˺ҧ졣
ѪȾأϦ䣬ҫһƬɺ졣
ҩҩ˺鱦ᣬվڳǽϷ·ĲҾ磬˫յһƬ
ǽϣЩǽϵıʿǣȻǼɱ¾·һĻĻܶҲɵŻ
۹۶ִܲɽɽ֮ϣһɫ졣
Լ䣬ƺ˷ӿȻںϽ֮С
ҡڤ֮£һ˿˿ɫϢǵܣԼ䣬ƺİš
۾̧ͷģ¶һ˿ɭȻ΢Цǵļƻǰƽһ
ҶͨǳˮС̽鵽һУǻ֮ѾŭִʵɥĲ񣬺Կԣ˴ģ¾һĻĻ˼Ҿ磬κһѪ˿̲סŭ
ԭ޲µģǣ
Ҷ˷ŭȭͷֱϸ¶Լܣ㹻ʵһֻɱִȱִϹ
ͨСϴصǳˮҶԼִɽ֮ϣҡڤĳطɽۡ
Щǵ飿
ҶȻһвϵһͷеףִΪʲôҪЩеȫ۹۶ˣһ޴ıԺɱ϶ҡڤˣķʽΪ
һҡڤ˴ﵽ񺣾磬ô½Ҳ˿赲ǣ
ڸô
Ҷʹ֣ڽֻʼأʼػһߣٶٿ죬ҲǸϲִϹ
Щǵǲ֪ٵѣǵһɲϵ
˶ʮֿ̿࣬ÿһÿһ붼Ը˷ѡ
ǵǴӴСﾭкܶƽԷһЩǵЦžܾ
ǵʮǳ֮УСһͣĩûһ㡣
һδεΣ˶ϧĻᡣ
ǵ䳡ϣʮǵ似غƳ졣
ɽָҲĵӡ
Ҷɽ֮УҶӵҲרĵ似кܶ˵׵۾Ѿˡ
Ҷɽȣأ󣬺ˮ̲ɫĽһƬԴɾһ㡣
꣬Ҷϰϰ䣬ĸЩСĺ֡ݵϷÿһЦҶޱС
õļ԰뵽ǳˮϿĲҾҶ۾ʱǰδеļᶨ
ҶκƻһУȻಫҲҪػһУ
Ҷ磬ҰϺõѩԭӰģȳɡҶ诶һ߹Цŵ
ҶҶӹǿ룬ڴڵسһ߳һ߹˵ţóԡ
ҶĻҶЦۣصҶҪϲ󡣡ҶҶ̫ľϲûҶûнյҶң˶ãҶٺҲãҶҲôΪġ
Ҷüһ˿ǣ诶֮ǰǼһɱţȴֵסô죿ҪҪҶתƵȫĵط
ҶҡҡͷҶ磬浽ǻޣǰȫģ
ǡҶֹҽִҶˡȷʵҶ˵һ뿪Ҷȥģ


477 Ѫ
޳ңжܹڻ޻֮ǰﵽ񺣾磬ȻִԪ½
ҶȻִ֪飬óҶڵʲôοʧˣǱĵطҲǵļңȻ΢ҲŬϣ֮ǰǴһҶ硣Ҷ뿪ˣǳЩô죿УҶҾĹǣҪϣ
ǣҲû취֤ÿһζܻ˵ˡҶЩʧص
޳֮ÿһ˶׼ҲûзһϣÿһΣҶ綼ػǣǿΪҶֵʵ̫СˣʹԼΪȻ޷ֵҲϣΪҶĸػסҶңҶҲһҪչ˺ԼҶ¶һĵЦգᶨصţҶ˵
Ҷ诵ĻҶǲõЦݣҶۿҲɵһ˿˿졣
ôҲҶκ˳£ҲУҶϣһս𣬾ִϹôҶҲսף
ҶУһ־Ȼ׳ľȭͷһҪøǿ
Ҷ磡С۵
Ҷ̧ͷȥֻСʮԶĲݵֱܣӶС֣ǿĵЦݡ
Сߣ۾Ҳǳ߿˹ЩҶҵĺǣ۵УһǿҵĳݣҶܵս
һ죬ҪҶ峤һǿ󣡡һСֶն˻ȭ˵
ҲҪҶһػҶңֻǱ裬۵Сһ˵
ҶоϣһĨѪϢ
ôϣЩһҲܳɳΪػߡҶ΢΢̾ţĿԶ䡣
Ҷٴߵľ·׼ԭһӰͻأسľ֮£Ҷ߿˹
Ҷ겻زһ˿𶯣ͷһǿ̧ͷȥԪųǵǿϺ
ǰҶּ
Ϻ˫֣ҶɽȣЦǺǵصɽ⣬ġ
ǰϲסҶ΢Ц˵ȴҵһ£Ϻһ񺣾ǿߣҪϺҶɽסִϹҹֱѰ·
ϺһҶһЦСӣǴụ́סΪ̫ˣ֣ؽܶꡢϻĺ½Ϸʲô飬Ԫųǵ˶ó֣
ϺĻҶ΢΢һ˿Ȼһ˿ϣˡ
˵Ƕ½һУҶע⣬ͦϲСӵģǵòִˣ˽Ԫ½Ԫ½ԣûκκôϺͳŭ⡣
ִ飬ȻŭԹϺҲΪˣҶϽ˵ִˣϾҪ񺣾ˣ½ûκһǿ⡣ִŻ˵ڣҪ½
ִϹʱڼλϴά½ֻ֯û뵽ȴݱСϧԪųǵ˲֣ܳҵȾԲΥȻ֣ܳҿСһ֮֮飬ͿԼ컯ˣϺ΢΢̾Ϣ
лǰҶѣϺ񺣾ǿߣ˵һ֮жǿأ
ȱæлңҲ̫ܰ࣬һҪҪӦϺɫ˵
ǰ˵޷
ҪҶңһӡ
ϺĻҶ͵һԥصǰܹǰΪʦ/ĸ֡
ǸСŮϺָԶ
ȻҶһҲȻˣϺҲǲѪ뵽ʨү˵ЩֻҪѪ߸˫ޣܻϹŴУҶϺһۣвһ˿ǣһϺͼҪ⣿ϺΪˣӦûֵεġϺʵѹ֪ԼͿԽߡ
ǲЩǣİɣӦѪۣԪ½ʮλ֮һҪǸҴСŮʲô⣬֪϶ʬ޴档ϺεЦЦ
񣿡ҶһνЩ⣬Ϻı飬Ԫ½ƺţƵӡ
㵽Ԫ½֪ˣ񺣾֮ϣкܶʵǿߣսʣսʼԪ½һڣս֮ǳ󼰵ʮλذ˷Ԫǿʮλػߡ֮ϣںǻǵԪǻһֻм꣬˵λ֪ľֻλԪǶܹժǳĴܴڡ˵Щ˵еϺҲĳ
ҶҲĳȣԭ֮ϣôǿڣ֮·ֹڲŸոտʼѣԪ½һҪȥ
û뵽Ԫ½ĵλ˳ߣȻˣǽϺӦûġ
ҶΪԼ˼ϺЩΣСӱǸǰˡ
Ϻڰ֣һЦ˵ҲռһЩˣϾλһλ񼶱ǿߣѪ
ϺȻҲǴһЩ⣬ȴ޷ܣǹ
ϺǰԴȥԪ½𣿡Ҷ뵽ʲô۾һʵ
ÿ˿Դ˻ȥϺ˵ͷʣµҪúá
ҶɽȣܻܲǸ⣬Ϻܹ뿪СѾͷݣѧܶණԾǺôࡣ
лǰҶɲʧᣬ
ҶԶӻ֣˹
СѾͷıعˣǱ裬һɫСȹӣС۵һһ㣬˵Ŀɰ
ǰһ˫ԲĴۿ˿Ϻֿ˿Ҷˮģ˺档
λϺǰԸԸΪʦҶСԴЦʵ
ȻͺСֻ꣬һҲϺҲûͨСŮСƵģ´ϺŽŴյҶߣСʵҶ磬𣿡
ҶǿɰӣʧЦصص˵ͷǵȻˣϺǰҶˡ
ҶأСԴգŴʵ
ȻϺǰˡ
ôܣҶģҪƭŶСѾͷţ̧С°ͣһҲôƭӣҶϺЦ


478 ǳ򣡣
ҶôƭλϺǰĺҶһָͷ򲻹ءҶɫǣҶģһᳬϺǰڰϺǰΪʦĻֻҪڷ˵ԺҶ绹Ҫء
ģСѾͷƺеĶˣԼҶҶһȺСͬ롣
ȻģҶƶصͷ
ǡҰϺΪʦĻǲҪ뿪ŬŬС죬һ˿ǡ
Ҷ̧ͷϺֻϺͰЦЦԼһһʱ͹һΣ뿪ˣٴߡ
ԶҪ뿪ҪҶ绹Сһ𣡡۵Сһص
ҶϺһЦҶ΢΢һ˿Ȼչ黹Ҫ뿪Ҷɽȵġ
Ҷָ£Ϻ˰ʦ
СѾͷؾصذʦȻϺ½ҡҡͷʦԺһŬһҪұøҶһǿŶ
츳ֻҪŬһܸҶġϺʧЦ
СѾͷ¶ЦĵȥСˡ
ҶҵҪҲʵҵĳŵˣϺҶ϶Ȼɢһ޿ƥеƣƱִҪǿöִ࣬λΪϺǰө֮£ϺǴﵽʮؾǿߣ
ҶоʱԼһƬһ㣬̲죬ѰҲ߼ʡ
֮󣬱񺣼Էڵ򣬴ͻϺһָָ֮޾󣬳һصζҶǰָ
ֻ˵һҶԺеķɵҵزһӿӿͬХһ㣬ڼ
ǰɵκһβûнҡ
Ҷظо֮ڷţҪԼһ㣬ֱ޷֮УһʼѣҶ޾ǿ֮£вһֿտԶĸо
ʱҶֻ֮ͫУֳ־ǵӣǰص˳У֮ͫвתǼСϸȥͨ˺ѷͫ׵ľŸСĺڵ㡣
ףϺһףһüͷҶڵʵ̫ˣֱǰδ
Ҫűһ㡣
Լ䣬Ҷ·𿴵޾µǿգϺļڵһΡ
򣬾ǽһƬڵΪЩΪԼá֮ڣһжԼٿأǿߣ֮֮ڡ񺣣߷еĵǿϺһͷԼ񺣣һصоԼ񺣾һ˿΢Ķʵǰδе顣
Ҷģʲô򣿾һָĪĸо
ÿܹǲͬģԽʵԽǿ
Ҷ츳ΪԶˣƺһصļϺһ˿֮ġ
ÿ˶вͬ޷ǷΪֻ֣ءڤ߱ꡢޡÿһǧ仯һֱ仯ָָֻܽǰڤָҰָ߱ɱ¾ָָ꣬һֵΪ֮
ԭ򻹷֡
ΪأΪֻͨһеʱĵڶԿ
ҵĸоһ޵ζҲеĸ޷ֱ棬Ӧһַǳǿ򣡡
츳ԽǾѣڼԺܳɾͷǷͬʱҲҪǫѷ̬Ȼڶ½һţԪ½ȴʲôǣкܶǿѪͳھʮݱ֮Ѿǿ󵽼Ϊ˵ĳ̶ȣЩΪŵģһ񺣡ϺҲǸпѣ겻񺣼𣬵Ԫ½Щ񺣣ò˵˱ˡ
һ񺣣ҶҲˣϺҶ񺣾ǿᣬû뵽ЩӤʱھ񺣼ΪˣЩȣϾ˼̫࣬ΨиǧٱŬܸϳ
ܹٿΧ񺣾磬һָΪһֱĵһָǿǿߵһֻ󵽼ʮķΧûб߼ʵģж񺣱ж󡣡Ϻ˵ҪҶࡣ
񺣾磬ǸոŶѣսʡ񼶱񺣣ǲսʼǿߵ񺣿Ԫ½񼶱񺣿ԪǣǾ۵սǵ񺣿һƬǺӣϺ͸żּǿľ硣
ԪǵһλѾˣµδе
Ҫ񺣾磬Ҫǻںϣǻں϶ԽߣԽ񺣾硣
ǻ굽ʲôҶɻʵȻĿǲϷչ׳ĵһ
˵ˣҲǲ˵ڶӦñˡϺȴûж˵ؿҶҶһԽԽ׳ڵ񺣶ԽԽˡ
ǵڶҲ뽫񺣺ֺοҶûȫΣҶģһʲô
ҶڵһķչҶղصǳͷųһɹǳ֮ӿҶڡ
ǿ鱻ֳ֮ȻаȭͷСǳķҫ۶ĿĹâһųȵС̫һ㣬еǳ֮ȫӿҶ塣
أ
ǳĺľһ˿ǳ֮ѿһʯ
ϵԻñҲǷҫ۵Ĺâһǳ֮
춦ħӡӡӡǿ񵶡𻤱ۣбﶼڷ⣬ҶڵĵĹ֮
ԺеķɵҲǲ˲
һѨϵش򿪣ء
Ϻ񺣼£Ҷۣ֮ܵ£һ˿Ť
ΪѸٵرǡ
ʼأ
ʼأ
ʼʮأ
ҶеԽԽһսͬһֱ
ԣԣڵĹһı֮
ϳ壬Ҷеޱʹͬʱһַĵúˬ
ֳĸоҶޱȵܡ
ǳ򣡡ҶһһǿͷŶޱȿֲ쫷һ㣬ҶƣҶɽҪ˲Ϊƽأ
Ҷı󣬳˾ŸǵӰŸɲͬʹɣľˮ׵磬Ǿ޴ǳγһֲֿѹ֮ÿһת֮ͣŤ


479 ѹ֮
оҶڵһ򱬳Ϻһݡ
ֻǵһ򣿡Ϻȵ̧ͷҶǾŸ޴ǳӰԾشһ˿죬ǳ򣿡
Ԫ½ҲûһϹŵҲûмأǳޣڵ
һأ
ǳ
Ҷѣû뵽Ϻġһ֮ǽĵһ߷˳Ϻ飬ԼǳӦò̫ԼΪ֮ҶоԼϵıҲڲϵرǿԼ귢
ڴﵽˣȻֻ˵һ򣬵Ҳ˼ʵһ
Ϻǰ֪ҵĸһֱ仯ҶҪ֪Լжǿ
أҲǺӦ޻ߵһ֡Ϻ΢΢ֻôشҶ
ϺǰҲ֪Ҷ΢΢㶡
ֻܰﵽˣڶ򣬾ҪԼˡϺЦҶʵѾеΥ˼ˡ
ǰѾҺܶ࣬СӶлǰȫҶֹصϺҪٻҪ֮á
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ÿһηµİҶޱȡ
쳽ڿԿʼڶصķӰǧҶֻ򡣾쳽ֹ̺ÿֹǱȽģֺһѶȼ
ҶҵһЩӵѾ׵۾˵ڶǵأҶոɵһصʼڶأ
ʱƣִڿʼ˶ǳˮϲϢ
µʱִǿ߲ϵʮǿ֮߳Ƿ£ܱ֮ߵļȫ𣬳˴ǿ֮⣬ִǲ˴˿
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ǳˮϵӰ֮ҶȻЩףִıѾˣ֮ι꣬Ϊ˴˿ִͳ˧½ιĵطȻֹ֮һ
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ڰ֮ǰԸټвǿӿ֮ǣʼ׼һ׿ĳǷ֮ս˴ģ˿ӣȻǿƼЩ
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ԭһЩ˻ŽҪͶִִ߸ǧڳιʳޣǷǸͷһ죬ִҪǵʱ򣬿϶Ҳһ㣬ȥ
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סͨʨ֣صصͷʵ㣬ܺҶһ֮ǵĴսֻҪͨһ죬Ҫػǵһ죡
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ǵ鰲׵֮ҶҶ˸𣬵Ҷ֪ҶҪ֮ǣһսʱ˸ᣬףнǷǳΣյġ
֮ҶŰȻ̤г̡
ǳˮ˸֮ǱߵϢϵش
գܱ֮ߵɽ֮УһЩ򶷣ʱɳһһʼִ֣ʼֶԾ˫
˫ֶĬûг֣ڴսûе˴֮䲻ֻ̽ˡ
ҶûаԼҪȥ֮ǵϢ̨籣ִб˵˫۷ֿ϶ҲԾ̨ȥ֮׶༪٣Ҷ̨Ҳϡ
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ΧɽϵӹҶһ·ǵصɨ˹ȥһĻޣȫɵһ߾߻޵ʬս˻ۿռ֮С
ĻԽԽˣԲһ֮ھȻͶＸֻҶǸ޳Ĺģڲϱ󣬶ִȴҪִԲ
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ҶӰűңŪöط򣬽Ѫط֮Ҷִһط
ٴνǴصĿռ䣬طӰ񲻶
ˣѧϰʲôطǸߵٶ
Ҷ鿴һط֮ǰǾطɱҶĶѣ룬գҶڹֶѾǳˣɵħӡ춦ǿ񵶵ȵȣܷӲСĹ
ɱԸͨǿߣӦǷǳЧģִϹ»ǲ
ʲôطܹΪԸϹĵƣ


480 ǰ֮
ɱǾط֪ûʺԼԪط
Ԫطڶط֮ѶߵģһؾзǳǿԪ½ǱߵĳǿߣҲԪطѣֻ˱ȽϸߵĲΡ
츳ĻǲʺѶ̫ߵطģΪͨ˺ķѼʮʱ䣬Ҳһأ
ԪطҪܶý֮Ԫط飬Ҫʮ̫ϾĻΪֱԪطˣҪϵſкܶܶ࣬Ҫ󶼺ܸߡ
ЩҪ̫Ѵﵽˣͨ˸ûʸ
ҶÿһԪطĿһԪطϡ
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ԪطҪȽ϶أҪԪǿ߲
ʲôԪ
ڵ꣬㲻Ԫ
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Ҷȥ۹һˣ޳֮æڸһֱûлȥڿ֪YôˣȻл½ػӦûʲô⣬ҶЩġ
ѸٵڿӹҶڳڵĺɽ
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ӣҶεЦˣ֪ڲʲôСԴ꣬ϴε鵽˭Ĵ
ҶĻˣſҶװ֮ǷɧŮ˵ϼңҶ϶ģһ뵽ϴε¼еʼٸ߻Լоʹζƿζ
Իñ֮èǣֲûΡԼεʱ϶һҶעƿϧ˿ԼСצӣˡ
ҶʧЦҡҡͷŰԴοһ£꣬ȽԻñ飬ǲִ˷κ֩˿ӶƲǵģ
죬Ĳ鲻Ըػһ׹ûԻñ档
Ϊ˱ǵ鷳Ҷ͵컻طıһòһòƽ꣬һ·ִѲ߶ӣ֮Ƿȥ
ЩҪȥ֮ǵǿǣѾ֮ˣҶһ֮涼Ѿִˣ֪ܲܽȥ


481 ǳ
ಣɨ˹
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ವһҶǵ֮棬һֲ䣬ǽ֮ϵǹ䱸ɭϡ
Ҷƽ֮ǣǽϵһ½䱸
ǿߵϢһӳҶѹ˹Ϣ֮У̺ŵһ
ߺˣһǿߴʵ
оǼϢǵصѹҶͷǳ֮Կǳ֮ӶȥѰĻϢ
֮սģǡҶն˵
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ҽгҹҶ˴㣬ԼıǾԲ͸¶ģΪԼսǵһִעǵҪݻٵǵĻʵ練ơ
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Ҷ֮Ǻ֮ʣִǿ׷ٵ֮棬ǵĿҶϣʰΧ֮ƽҶΧġִǿ϶ɢŹϢǶţǱ߶סһ
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ʱ֮ǳǽһصģͷһһīĳϣء
ҹ֣֮ǻ޷ȷǵѣʱܷ֮ǵķƻδ򿪣ǧҪ֮֮ڣ򽫻ҷ𡣡īĻҶһ˿ѶϢִҪϮ£ҵȻһ֮
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ۣſѹڤ֮㻯Ϊ촷ۣͬݿһ㣡
Щڤ֮֮󣬷ֽԭʼ뵽ÿһ֮Уʹþſǿʢһ֡
ڤ֮飬Ҷǳһ˿ǿļ
ȻǿҵţҶҲû뵽ͬǵһԼǳǿ󣬾ſŴһ·ѹȥ֮ڤǶĥ̵Ķһ㣬˲䱻ѹ˷ĩ
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⵽ʲô򣿽ֻǵһأҲֲ
ǽЩǿоþòƽͬǵһǵҶʵѷɫ̫ˡ


482 ҹ
Ҷоǳǿ˼֣ҲǴΪ𶯣Ȼ֪쳽̫ǳǿǳȫѹִǸͬ˵һǿߣѹ֮󣬾ȻԷֽˣ
һɱִǱߣͷǸǿƵصĿҶϣɭͬŵĶߡ
Ҷǿףܵһ˿вԲҶ֮ǣǸ֮ȥһõıԺԸԻǳ鷳
ִǿͬʱҶȥ
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Ҷʱܵ˼вȻǳʮǿ󣬵Ҳ޷ͬʱԸ˵һǿߣοԷ˵Уڶغ͵صģ
ʱ֮ڲһµĹ֮УһˮƮ紺ļ䴵
һɴŮӣһܹǰϵİӳѩָһϮɫɴй䣬ģһɫ˿סаɴڣȴȻڲסɫգĿתһ˵ͣһе
ָ裬ҵ˼һ㣬˿һۣȴ֮еһзա
һ̫ϳϣ
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֮УŮ˶ǾɫȴָǧһᵭţһģһĻ˲̴
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İɡ֪һַǳǿޣ˵һֻС޸ոճʱ򣬱ӵ񺣾ʵȻ֪ΪòŻѣŵЦţϳɫֵ˵Ϊ٣˵һ򣬽˵ܳԽǵ޻ʱ£ôɵ÷ԼΪأ
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ңҪģҡҲ֪Ҫô˵飬ȴѵõЩ죬еݣ֪ôҶ֮
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ɳͨĸߴ׶࣬뷢ŭţźں죬һ׹·ʱһ̤ȥƺǽ𶯣ǵڶϢҲǰԵޱȡ
ҶɳͨȥıӰ΢΢üǰҶɳһսöûʲôøУΪͻչľٶսôΪĹۣɳһ壬Ҷ֪Լɳͨˣɳͨ첻ôԼӡ
ҶȻɱһɳһģѾ͵컻طıòɳһ˲ϵóŶԡ
⣬ɳͷƢһ꣬˭һ׹չ˳ҶĿ⳯ɳͨǱ߿ȥһЦ֮Ǻִսʲô󣬾ң˭ܹڶ򣬶սֶӰ죡
лǰҶͬʱ
ס֮Ǳ˵ױԺʱӭǡչһӣֺǵҺ޻Լ˴սҪϼˡ
չЦȥ
ҶĿչսȥ


487 β
չǰ¸أ½ʵĸ֣Ǹɳһ峤ɳͨߡʵֲ٣ֳʤ鿴չıӰҶߵ
ҶĵӡУʨүҶԺ
۹۲ʵʨүҿÿɱȱ׼ˣɳͨչĶ֣ҿչʵֻʲô΢ѷɫصϢӦһɱءʨүݵص
Ҷ̧ͷһչıӰչһЩʵҲûʲôչΪսʵҲȻϡˣҶҲ
ͬ˵ڶɳͨ죬չѷɫ˺ܶ࣬չڱʱãŻһֱɳͨƽ֣ٶ궼ֳʤ
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Сܵܣ޻ʱҪһټ㣬ȥɡ˵ţҶΪǵزС
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ֻ֪Ҷ֮ĹϵԲô򵥣츳治֪Ҷʲôرĵطȫ˼Ҷϣڲɴϣ¶һ˿͵ǵȥ
оΧЩ˵Ŀ⣬Ҷӣ¿Բµһежߵˣɱ˵ĻǧٱˡҶתͷ˿ߵ飬ԼȻõģ֪Ӧ÷ջӦҡ
³ǽһСӰȻһ˳סҶ˵ȥ·ӰУһ˵һǿߣɫۣĸߴ׳˶ɳһˡ
峤ǹȥһˣͷǸ˵ϴһ˵İҶ
֪ɳͨ峤Һ£Ҷ̧ͷֱǸɳһߣƽʵǸߵѹȡ
ȥ˾֪ˡǸ߼Ҷȫѹȣһ
Ǹɳһߵ飬΢΢Щ죬֮ǣֲɳһţ
صɳ̫ϳϣҹһĿˣ»ɳͨ峤һ޻ʱҲҪټ
ɳ̫ϳɫЩÿҲֻõȻ޻ҪټǾˣɳ·ȥɳһ˵Ҳǽϡ
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Ҳü΢ҲɳһԵ˶ǶǼҳ㷹˵ɳͨȻԵҲʲôɱ֮ˡ
ҶȻɻɳͨԼҲûʲô¡
һ·ţ鲻ʱҶ֮ǵķ֮ǳ׵統Уһǿ˾˵׵ҲҪ֡˴ν֮ǵǿߣһŵıʯԲ׵Ӱ졣
սáɳһ֮⣬кܶҲ֮ǣ׼֮һͬԿִ
֮ǶԿִϣһ䣬½ִԿĸٲ
ޡеĸϹѪиҵȵȣмʮ۵֮ǣǳضʱԵӵ˺ܶࡣ
ֵԣ󣬸˴˼佻ŸƷԵ÷ǳ֣һ㡣
սǶҪһЩԼûõĶȥŪһЩԼõĶϽ׵ĺܶණǺмֵġ
ʱҶؿڵԻñͻȻİ׹⣬Ƿʲôһ㡣
ô£ĪǰԼʲôҶɫһݣ겻ɫسǰ˹ȥ
겻ܳټ֮ǣ϶ִļϸһ˵ͻҶݣǵ鷳֪ʲôҶ׼Իñѯʰ꣬ԻñĹâͻȻҲûһ˿Ϣ
ҶվŲɻؿҶʵôˣ
Ҷҡҡͷɻûʲô
˴ӽϾʱΧ˵Ŀⶼǳ˹Ҷжô֣ߵŮʵ̫ˣ欵ټϵų˼ɫĿѣԡ
ʱȺͻȻɧѸٳ߷ֿһĸŮȺ˳ŮżΪ¶ֻɴڵסص㲿λɴͨ͸Լɼ֮أһʣм̺ԲҪɴһ㣬ˡ
ŮϸҶüҺɫ۾ûһ˿覴ãȴ͸һ˵ķɧ˵ı֮಻ѷɫ鲻ͬǣ欣ȴǸһĸо
һ··ʱƨŤǰӿҶЩԾǣıҲһβܹͣβ紿һ׵ɫ󣬶β޵ĺɫ
߹˵Ŀⶼƿתϣһ¶֮ɫЩ׵ģһЩľٶ
ҶĿҲЩ㱣ʱеָ΢⣬һӿڣҶͻȻһ飬˼֣һǻ
֮ǰȲл꽻֣ҶԻһЩ䱸ָôױԻŮ˸ȲлȻѷɫ̫ˣʩչʱҶױܲȲлܹ˲֪֮С
Ҳ΢Щãܿͻָ˹Ѫͳǳǿ󣬿ԲԻһԵüͷƺضԿŻ
꾫ǸŮˣһϽҶһ峤̶һ츳ߵŮˣΨһһβһèһһβ;츳ģһֻоβͣèһʮβ͡Ů˳þʮ߰ӣʵѾһ߰ǧŮˣ
ͷһҶҶ˿ûб̶ջŷ
β̶ѾΪǸһĸ֡βһóͨޡ޸ѶԸһЩ
ãô˵̽Ͳˣûе㡣̶Ըеĺ촽˾һӣ˵һ˵⣬Ҳʱ̬һڿһѣ
ô˵ôˣĪ㲻Ǻ꾫ʲô̽㣬̻࣡鷭˸ۣͿ̶ˣȻҶǰŪɧ̶棿鲻ɫؽ嵲Ҷǰ棬һֻػԼصĸ߰ķˡ


488 岻ݴ
㡭ûһ̶̣ɫһͻȻЦݲãĿӯӯҶϣλܵ˭òܽ𣿡̶˵ţҶﲨ̬ͣˣǱɴ֮£֣֮ǡĿǲҶָϣɨһҶؿڡ
ҶоؿڴԻñ΢Щ뵽ʲô̧ͷ̶ֱ۾Ҫʲôȴ̶ĵĿ⣬ֱֱ˹֮⡣
èһһ֮䣬ʲôڡ
Ҷ̶ȻԭҪѣҶӣ¶һ˿΢ЦҶĶҪõöࡣ
̣λһĿˣݱܣܸ˼ң϶ϸ첲ȵĻǧ֮ǣҲûдί˼ˡҶã̶üص
ҶȻʧЦǵһο˳ܣһһ̡һһ˼ңÿζҪ̶ʹʵмֺЦ
̶һһ̡еɫԽԽǿŲûзҶֿ飬ǻĸһûпҶĻᡣ
ȻݱܣǾˡ̶ǿһЦݣƺֲģҶһۣλСпգױԺңʱݡʱԳΪĻ֮òܸġ̶Цǰ˫ҵضţǿ鱡ɴһʱĸо
鲻мһ̶Ǵúף˭˵鲻ԣ
лǰ⣬¿޸ܣǰɡҶߣ̶Ҳ̫Ǹʲô˰ɣȻѡĻֵ֮˵˿̶ȻģָԴһƬ
̶Ҷô˵Ȼһɱû뵽˶ôãȻ󣬲ǹɱݼţ¶ȻĵЦݣصҾˡ
̶ߵʱ׹컨꣬ҷ˱ǣΧЩ·س̶ıӰȥһɫڻӡ̶ɴڲסˣɼǻԲΣ·֮ʱŤһһж͸޾Ȼ
ҶСӣŮҪ㵱Ļ֮Ȼľܾˡʨүҡͷ̾ҲǣС壬Ǳ̶ɲΣ϶ʣƤͷˡ
ҶȻ̶֪Ļϵ
β̫ˣһСͻĵ´̶Ҫջ㣬ӡʨүҰԸСæʨүȻ岻ݴˡʨүһȻص
ʨүɫߣʨүĻҶ°ͣ⵹ʧΪһð취Ǵ˵еĶ˻ĥ
СܵܣҪСһ̶Ů˾ǼĴǶ弸ҶϣҶ૵˵ţҶĶһ£ҪҪʱŶ
һֱǼ⣬Ƥ֮ĴУԼԸоǻԲķҶ𵱳Ƿ龰Сһа𣬿Цѣ̶ŮҶԣ̶Ȼöˡ
㣬ˣôˡҶһҿ˿
СܻܵءЦ˵뵽ʲô̲סЩΧЩ˻Ҫһءһ˵ջ
ҲҶСܵܵջ󣬻ȲŮˣ뵽̶һ˾
Ů˼ֱԽԽˣ
ȻܱЩ˶˻ҪһǿߵĻǻɨģҶɲ뱻˿һϡžһ£һĵ̣ҪǱ˿Ǿ군ˡлĴУļһ
СܵܣȥˣòǸɣ̫ˣ˿Ƿ۵ܵγˮȴһ˿ĴЦݣߵصҪҪڽķУʱ򣬽ôڶС
Ҷ׹ԼˣˣǸŮ
ȻһҪôľܾ㣬˭ǽͷءһתִҷϢҶߣõ͡
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ϣСܵܣСèˡЦСܵܣ޸治ǳȻ㲻Ů˷һ˵СèʶǰҪֻСè󣬽Сô㲻Ŷ
ĻԻñͣҶؿڴûˡ
Ȼô˵ҶеɵˣȻŮ˵˼άǸ绹׽
ԶֱߵĹս̶֮ƺǸоʲô¶һ˿ĵЦݣеĿ׽
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ֻ׳ߴ󡢳ϰ˹ǳһס̶̶֣ǰȥǵĿһ˵ĳ֮ɫ
̶ֱ뿪ܾãΧЩ˲ŻȻתҲһĿҶ鿴һֻۣվ˵ȴǿʲô
ûһ򣬶̶Ļûжٿԣղŵ龰һľԾĻˡ
û뵽βĻôǿ
סһԺ¥£ͥԺľïɽһ峺СõüΪ¡
ͥԺͤҶһΧľɫÿһ껨ݶĲ̺ͬͨŨϵ
㲻ȥ𣿡òּҶҪ㽫֧ߣ̬ӱߣһԾµ㲻ͣҶС֮ΣΣһԵȫ޷
˶Ļ졣һҶһ
ҶпЦ˭Ļ찡ҶΣ㲻ͣϻèһ㡣
˵Цˣ˭ܶҲأСܵܣ˵ǲǣЦҶµȻͣҶ
Ҷı飬ôô֣΢΢üҹҲ֪ôˣһı顣
ɫŮֱţҶֻһ˵Ĺ졣
ҶͻȻ뵽ʲôӻۿռóһɫɫ£ǰǿɫʯֱۼһɹ֮ɢ˳ˬ


489 ڲƣ
ɫЩеһܹöָöָһöԼˣöСͨʨڰҶ̨һ걾ó԰ûʲô÷кǵڶ
ΪһˣȻʶ㣬ʱȴҲɾҲֻеĵ伮пѣû뵽Ҷóһ
֪Ҷʵ֪ǻʲô顣
ڱյлõģ͸ɡҶɫݸ顣
۾һϲŵؿҶʵСܵܣȷҪ͸㣿
ȻҶ֣صص˵ͷԴҶɽһ⣬ѾԼŮˣҶȻġ
Сܵܣֵ֪Σһ׾ƷħսףǶʮ֮һ˵Ŀ֮һ˵ζϲҲ
Ҷòȫ֪ļֵ͸Լ˰ɣ鵱ȻЩʧ
ҵȻ֪Ҳ֪ļֵһҶЦ
ĿҶϣоԼķһ£ǰһЩˣȻܶ඼ķУֺãȴǱͼԸоҶĵģûжʲôЩӰ·ů⣬ɢˡ
Ҷӹ˫ִ˲ϣɫĹâҫ۶Ŀӳǰļգһ˵ޣһŵõһ㡣
СܵܣϲﲨӯӯҶһ˵Ŀ顣
Ŀ⣬гԽҶգɵòΪһͱԻ˰ɣҶͳôصĶǱͼҪԼջǻҶ
һѡ
ɲһСܵܵһ⣬㲻Ļ۵΢Ц
׹밮ӵŮ˹ȻǲģСӵ׸ʲôԻż˵ʲôûá
Сܵܣ˵ҸôлأҲһɡգգ۾ûҶһ˿ѶϢҰ͸ô츳һҪߣСܵӦҲܼ̫ѪʱСֶܵһˡ
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֪Ҷ˵ЩʲôҶ϶˵ʲôĻЦôģжԽƻҶǶ˼ʹޣҶڸԻ
ˣЦˡҪ˵ǰûֱ˵˳Ǭóһȵĳ
ĳԼһףͨȼųȵĺɫ棬ϿԪ֡ɢ˵ǿһͬΪ֪Ԫǿ
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Ϊʲôԣ鵭һЦ޻ʱ˵ˣԪУȻȨȥ
ɵŮˣһȻͳһԪⲻⱾ֪˵ʲôˡ
ԪŰɣѾһˡҶóǿ񵶵ǿ񵶵Ϸڵĺɫâ
Ҷǿ񵶣΢΢һ£ǿ񵶺ԪͬΪӦò࣬ȻҶѾ˳ֵҲټ֣תһЦǺðɣԪţԺٸұı
ҲмֲؿһҶ齫Ԫ˳ȥҶȻҪ⵹ҶЩĿ࿴
ҶǿĿԪϣֻϳԪ֮⣬ڽ·һ֡
㣬⼸ʲô˼ҶָһС֣ʵ
⼸֣һ£Ϲʱ壬˼ΪϵһƷǧ߰ʮ˵Щֵ˼֮Ҳ𾪵ˡ
ĻҶͷһ𣬺ȻѣЩֺпǱţԪȻǶһ޶ģţǧԪ뵱Ԫʱ𺳳棬ıȻǧѣҲ̫ˣ
пֹܲ
Ԫıǧ࣬пܻкܶ࣡
ǧԪһ󣬸жôֲ
Ԫ½һĵطﶨȻǿơĿԶЩص
һе⣬ҪԪ½ܽһƷĪǱĵȼ´Ϻʱһʡ
˵ʱ֮ϿյӰһƬ޴Ľƻγɡ
±պˣֻ֮Ҫ򿪷ƣκ˶빥̧ͷգ֮ǵĽƺĵӡ
޷֮ǵķƣִλô֮ǣҶЩǣִǻۣȻްվ͵֮ǣ
֮ǵķƣϹʱͲµģ񺣾ǿҲ״ơһ˵֮ô֪֮꣬Ƿжôǿ
񺣾Ҳ޷ƣҶ΢΢üִλ֮ǿ϶Ҳйһϸĵ飬޷ƿƣִڸղŽƴ򿪵ʱ򣬿϶ͻ᲻һеعղֻǵСӡ
ϸ룬޷һȫ԰ĵش֮棬ԶͿˡղŴ֮ǽƣΪ˷ҲΪִ̽
Ϊһ޻ʣӦҲ˾
ʲô𣿡鿴Ҷı飬ĵʵ
᲻˴ڲƣҶ̧ͷ顢ɫʵ
ҶĻһ㶣ǰǻܿ϶˵˴ڲƣڣ˵ˣ֮漸ʮôǿפһִģִӦϣǾ˵׼ˡ
Ӧý޻ʱ¡ɫ΢Щס
ӦѾ֪ˡҡҡͷղŴ֮ǽƣΪִ̽ķӦ


490 ޻
֮ô֪жִԵףӦҲѾˡ
ȻеϷϷҶȴҲʲô
һúܽһϾ֮ǣĿڶ࣬ҪǱһ֪ҶĹϵǾ鷳ˡ
ͤУƬ̱㿪ʼִʱᷢڶνǱץʱԼʵսϣһʵǶһֱıǮ
Ҷһת׵۾һ˼񾳷ϵΪŨ׵۾£ҶڵȲţͬʱ񾳷Ҳ˼
ʱţɫҰ
鳤Ľëһ£۾ոյһ˿ѶϢɫ֣أתͷҶСܵܣ޻ʱҪڴӼ㡣
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Ҫȥһǿ޻ˣ֪˵еĴ½һжǿҶԵʮƽûʲô˷ܺͼ
ڿն𣬳ȥ
Ͽո֮ǣһⶥĽ۴αȣ֮׹֣һߵһ㣬ԶȥΪֺĽֱдû˺ص֮С
֮ǣƺӽƬƷ·ѹͷϷһ㣬ֿɼ
ǰ·ҶǺ棬һյĴǰһ˽ȥ
Ϻõʯһ㣬ͨ巺ųγĽ֮ɫǽϵžıڻϸ֮·ֶ޵ĸ񣬵ڼΪ㣬һ˲ܺϱһʿŲ֪жߣҶͷһط֣Ķ˾ܲźɫţЩֱֱûЩ֮С
ȥֻǸԶ֮ϣһ׵Ȼ߿
ҶоĿʵһ㣬ԼϣһɵӭȻо̫ѹ˲زһָɽֹĳ羴С
ֻһָоҶȫȷʵսչ롢ɳһɳͨҪǿǫ̈࣬ҪһӣǺųƶ½һǿߵ𡣲ִλ˭ǿ˭Ҷ޷ơ
ϵңңཻҶвӿһпǰֻƫԶСһ۵Сķ꣬ȴѾܹʹ½ϵĵһǿͬһȻڵʵȲ𣬵Ҷ֮һǿţ˶ãһԳԽ
ҶĿڴɨһֻۣ߻ڷ˼λչ롢ɳͨ졢һ׵ʮ˷жʮ˶ǿߣǾβ̶ҲȻУ촽һȻĻȣĿдˮ⣬Ҷ
չ볯߿˹¶һ˿΢Цɳͨһ֮ɫ
Щĸ֣вʼʮصǿվں棬վ׵ĺ󷽣ĿضҶ顢ˡ
Ҷ顢˽֮󣬼˵ĿⶼۼҶϣ졣
λǽ֮ǵǸˣ
˵Ѿ˵һһսɱʮ˿չɳ峤
ʮôࣿ˵ڴ֮ǰɱִǿߣһˡ
ͦᣬ֪ĸģǴû
½вҵģеҴбùƾõöࡣ
˿ҶͷӶţ˵϶һ֮̾ɫ
˶ҶۣɫԽԽ
͵͵һϵҧҧ̲סʣ飬ǺóȻƣ޻ʱҲðմ򿪽ƣ޻ʱ´߶׷ľٶ֮ɶʧ֪
Ļ˶ʱֹͣ˵ֻȻɫظϣʲô˼в죬ĪһҪ׷Ĺʧ
·üͷȴҲû˵ʲô
޻ʱº͸峤Ƕû˵ʲô˵ķݣһмƳһз蹷ȲҪҧһڣ֪Լ˼ڱ⡣
㡭ʹţɫǺ죬޿κΣ̫Ѫ֮ΪͻͽλͲԱˣһܽȼȺֳͣҲֻܴʣǿŭ⣬΢΢ЩŤ֮Ĺؼʱڣȴܲ˵㽫Ī˴֮ǣ֪жķգ
޻ʱڣսչڣɳͨ峤ڣ˵ʲôգѴ࣬¹ҶİΣǲҴ⣬һܣ֪޻ʱ½ЩȫټΪ£޻ʱµȣӦòҪ׷˭˭⡣
Ҳ׷Щˣ֡ɳ峤չִǵۣЦؿҶ֪λҹֵĸңк棬ʲôң˾ž޵š
չ뷢ȻΪʣȴҲֻñ͡
Ҷƺ˿ûܵѵӰ죬صչҲһɢ߶ѡ
ҶĻ֮жʱһ˵
ɢߣôܣ
һɢ߶Ȼܴﵽ˳ɾͣûдԴ͸Ĺô
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ҶؿƿҪʳʲôǱȽѵˡ
ʱ̶תתЦ֮˵Ȼҹ˵Ҳ׷ˣαǿѣҹʵҲˣһأ˵һ򣬵ǿȱͨһҪǿö࣬ҷһս˲֮ǣҲӦø𣿡̶˵ţһˣȵ˷׷ײĿ
ǣǲ飬ҵ԰ġƽ˵ĿҶϣ۾΢΢ϸ֪Ҷ顢ʲôϵ
׵Ļ׶Ĵ죬֪飬˽ͬ⣬ò
λɷ˵䣿ҶȻ˵λȴ̧ͷֱӿϵ̬ݣš
Ҳ߿˹ĿޱȣϲһֵȣͷʾҶ˵ȥ
޻ʱ֮ǽƵʱؾѾϵִô˽˰ɣһս֮ȻЩʧڿɽܵķΧ֮ڣִȴʧ˿ٶģ֮Ƕԣһʤ
ϰɫҶĻ
Ʋ⣬δ֮ǵĽƣ޻ʱ¶ִһ̽޻ʱͨ̽Ѿ˽˲ѶϢִûг֮ǽƴ֮ʱٽֻǲ˿С̽ɼִ϶аͻ֮ǵĽƣŻ˵Ҷһ˵һ߹۲˵顣


491 
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Ҫ˵ģ޻ʱ¶Ѿˡ֮ǵĽƴȷʵǺѴƣǴأִ϶аˣǻûдϾҲλǰִδңҲɣִ֮ǲ˶ٰӣ
ҶĻһʯǧˣڳò˵ҶĻеġ
޻ʱ£˵ִǱߵĹ֮ƣܴ˵ĻӰ죬໳ɣ̸һ𿹻ִƺǴҪҶԣּ˵
޻֮ϣĶƹ߻谵΢΢ͷ˭Ҳɫ
ҹ˵ûÿ˶ɣִȷʵ֮ǲһЩӣ˵Ҳû໳ǲȡģаţǲضǡƬ̣޻ƽ֮һƽеǶȥôӭҹֵ֮ǡ
ҹСֵܣӭ·չӦĻЦһҶ˾еľƱ
ӭҹֵܣ˷׷Ӧ͡
ҶһۣüҶеľƱƳһҶһתͷ
Ҷ˹ǲΪ⣬Ц˱ȭ
֣ƺδ˵һһλıֿǼΪģչЦ˵չֳ츳ҲͷˣȻҲֻǵһ򣬵ƺѾ˵ڶһ˿ζ
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Ҷ΢΢ü֪˾ٵû˽ģıǿʲôġ
ʲô̫Ѫѣ޵̫ѪǴ˵еޣڳ˶Ϣˣչɳͨ˵ڶĳͷĿⶼͬˡ
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̫Ѫ֮󣬻һḶ́ЩѪʽᱻ̫Ѫ죬ȸɣɴ̫Ѫ֮ٶȽݣ񺣾Ҳü򵥡
໥СţĿⲻʱƳ顣
ɴµĿ֮Уһ˵һΪеˣһ棬Ҳһ˿˿˸кį֮ĲཫԽԽԶ
ȻˣӦ֮ǵĽƣһ೬ҵ峤˵ųϣĹâǱִƵ֮ǣг֪֮ǵܲܳڼȥϣֻҪܼסһʱ䣬Ѫ츳һܹԽִλ
֮ǵĽƶգټǰҪ˵£ܷʲô飬κ˲ղŵƽͣϼƣϣһΥ
ϵӦŵмȴĿһЩʲôͲΪ֪ˡ
ҹֵܣɷͷųôһۣ֮Ϊеصɵؿαϣһ޻ʵļӶûУ·ղǸɢƵ˲һҶмֺ档
Ҷ΢΢Ƭ̣߶ǳͷŶһʱſǳӰڿлתʱ˼ѹЩʼʮص˶رú˼Ƿ·оһҶ߶ǾҪѹûҷһ㡣Щ˵һǿҲɣȫͷԼ֮Կǿסѹ
ʲô֣չʵ֮ǰսʱûϸ۲ҶֻǾҶǿٴοҶֱһд
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֮ке޵ζͬʱмֵĸʮ˵áһ˿˵Ĺâ۵һӡӡתǳһ˿ǵӡ֮УǸ٣ҵһЩ
һ֣һɵڶҲռˣҵܲ٣Ϳ컯ˡ
Ҷ۾һһѵõĻᣡܲ򣬶ҶԼڶ򽫻кܴİ
Ҷĵڶޣޱ£ȫںϳһ壬ûȫͷųڶƣֻͷųһ˿˲仯Ϊɻҡ
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ɳͨҲһͷȻ԰ҲòĵڶиǿģִλҲǸʰ·磬½һ־˵ִλûս֮ǰƺȻġ
Ҷ̧ͷȥĵڶµۼϹһ㣬ȷʵչ˵һʮֲӣе̨籵򣬵Ƭֱ֮ڤ򣬰֮󣬷·ֱ߱Ҷ·ܹǳһ˿ۼȻһ
ȷʵǳأҶ˸ԭÿһǹͨġҶѧǰ㲵ӣֻҪǳ򼴿ɣ
ҲĿתؿзʣͬΪޣһЩ
Ƭ֮ջ
΢΢˫ĿƺڻζղſһС
֮лһ˿ĵڶҶûмջǳ򣬶ǲɫؽ˿սԼǳ֮Уǳƺһ˿ǿ
ǳܹ˵һҶĵ֮һ


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Ҷǳּʶĵڶ򣬴˶ϸϸƷʲô
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ʱ֮ҹҶסıԺҲĸס
Ҷڻ԰ģŵڶ򣬻֮ǰõ񾳷
˼ԺҶоԼĴԷ·һƬ嫵ǿգ˼άҲǼԾ
񾳷һأԪһΪһһģһԪС
񾳷ں˱ÿӵбȫսһĳɱǱʵͻˡһؿһΪһΪࡣ
սʱʩչ񾳷ɳ䲻Чõ˴ֲܹͨӳ˫սƽʱʩչ񾳷һһҲǲԼٶȡ
ҶĴԲͣתţ˼άĻȺ˸
񾳷ķᣬҶ񾳷һЩϡ
ԪطѶȣȷʵǾطҪʮ
һ񾳷طͨ˿޼ʮ꣬ҲδܹաҶ˵ѶƺǺܴ
ԴԺеķɵ޸Ҷľ֮Ϊ;޿赲ͨûеԼǿǳʱʱԺеķɵһ˿档
ѷɵĴߣʲôĳڣ
ֳڶԣ񺣾ǿߣֻǸոѧͽѡ
룬Լٶȶͨ˶ԿϿˣЩ񺣵ǿߣȴҲˡ
Ҫ񺣾磬ܽӴΪ磡
Ҷ뵽˵֮УſǳתʱﴦٲȻΪһ磬ĴָһСˣɵ˾ſǳмգոȫų⡣
ǽҫ֮£ſǳʱԡյĵطѤĿûбҫĵط޹⣬ǳϵİҹ
ҶС˾һźǣſǳոԵĹ켣Χšǡתǰ̫ϵһ㡣
Ҷ磬ٲȻһϵ
žſΧԼתǳҶĪЩǡ쳽ܻģ
ǳҶǳһͻȻ۾էţ˸֮ͫһӶ
񾳷һǸӵطȻء
񾳷Ҷͺһֻ͸ֳһ룬һҶ͵컻պĳһģһһϸ΢ͷҲһ޶
һǻص˱ڡ
һģһҶ໥ӣͬʱ¶ЦݡҶԸоҲһģһ֮һصϵһͨĸо
Īľ磿
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ɱʮӰԥɳͨ졣
СҲϷа壡ɳͨ΢ţֻɳƾճ֣һ㣬ʮȫס͵һۣʮͷ­ѣѪɽȫر
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̫ѪѵϢȥΪ֮߳ڲһЩϸ
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ЩСඣڻûг֣
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ʱ֮ǶеͻȻ۾һɵڶ͸
ֻɳɳ֮ٶ֮ͻȻһͣţȴ޷ѿǹ֮£ɼط֮Ƕ׵Ϊܼĵط
ֻСɳ֮УĿȻ⣬ֻСɳɨɨֻֻСɳϵƮ
չ֣ץסڻħһ峤Ԩչ봫һ˿ѶϢ
չ΢΢һ£۹۶ɱ֮󣬺ԨǺڻħһһε峤û뵽ԨȻͶִΪִ߹
ಣչɳͨӰ𣬳ڻħһŵױԺӶȥ
ҹ֮УһսȻڻħһԨһȺңչɳͨѹ
Ҷ̽˺Ԩչ롢ɳͨ˽ֵԨ״񣬻ħϢƣǱ˲ѷɫչ롢ɳͨ˵ʵ𾪲ѣڱչɳͨס֮󣬸Ա˵չɳͨ졣
ҶԨǰڳִֵһģһޱȣһʵͽǿԡ
ִ֪οЩˣȻЩ˵ʵǿĳ̶ȡ
ԨԱʱޱȷӣҶȭͷԨԸΪִ߹ǱִˣڷִϹϾ˶
ԺʱҶͻȻоԺһӰһüͷһ壬һڿն𣬳ǸӰ׷˹ȥ
Ҷͷһۣסլûз֣Ƕл׷٣˽ӽԺӣӦûֲŶԣûʲôֻԼˣ´ǿƭҪԼȥ
Ҷж˼ֻֽһԼк֡
ҵҪ㾿Ǻηʥ


493 ս
Ҷ׷ǸӰһ·ȥǸӰٶ죬Ʈ꾹Ҳ޷
һֱ֮ǼΪصһɽ֮УǸӰͣתҶ߿˹Цӯӯһ˵ģɫβͻڶǾβ̶
Ҷ䣬̶ֱ
ϵģҹܵһֱ׷ڽĺ棬òԽͼɣ̶ԼϸָһߴӵؿҶɴڲʱֵ׹֮£ϸļ͸ʵ֣һ˵Ȼ
Ҷһ׵飬̣˼Ҽƺãǿǲ˺üأô˼㣿ңԼ𣿺οװ⸱ߵӣҪñ֪˼ҾȻҲ֪ߣǴҿɾеæˡ
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Ӵ̶ǵؽһƵɦŪˣСܵܿ治˵Ǻ˵˵ѵ㲻ã̽ҪƯ𣿡̶˵ţջؽǰɴ¶Ĺ֣޳˫ȸջز£һ¡
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Ҷо̶˵ʱ򣬲ʱһЩҶûܵӰ졣ûаԻñֻһöָһöָѾκλʦͷˡ
ȻˣҾֱ˵ˡҹ֪Իñ飬ԻñһֻҪԸԻñң˼ҡ˼ôԡ̶ҧź촽޽ߣ˫һˮ⣬˫ǰһ£ʹǶԸʵѳ̬Ϊˣκһ˼˿¶Ѳܲ˵ȥ
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˼·ѹˣҲԻñġҶ˫۱أϾؿ̶ˣʲôС
̶ȻĵӽӲһ£ҲЦˣ⻹ǵһΣɫȻ𲻵˿ãֱҹ׻ǲˣоҶûаԻñߣͶˡ
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̶֪Ǵģ룬ŮѾ˼ǧ꣬ЩصǲΪ档
óʮҲܸ㽻㻹İɡҶһ۱ջĿ⣬ƲƲ첻мص
ȷ̶Щ㵵ؿҶԻñ˵û̫ãԼѾѪû뵽˾Ȼǲϸβ
̣˼ҵĶƺʹҪ˵һ飿
̶ҶĿѾɱ¶ˡ
ҪҲǵһɱûô򵥣ҶĿ̶ֱηӣǳת˲㽫̶ͷųɱ
Ҷ̶ָĻκβҶǶԾֻƴ
ƣ̶˵ವһӰһɫ⣬ʧڵҹĻ֮С
Ҷ̶ıӰɫǺܺãŮ˽˵Ǹ鷳ڴһͬԿִȴԵ޹ʵس֡
Ϊڻħһң֮ǻһϣϵʱ򣬺ܶڻħ˵֪ԨִļϸֹͣԿ
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ҶһıԺһ顢˹һгｻ׵鱦Ʒʶ൱һЩƷ鱦ҶϵĶǱȽ١
Ҷʱһ·ϻɱ޵ʬȫгˣһЩõĶӰűҵȵȡ
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ִҺڤִֻӪһ¶ѡ
ִһأ
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ѵִϾҪ𣿡
챣ӣ֮һҪס
ֲִʵѲʲôܣ˶һţĬĬƽ
Ҷ顢һۣڿųǽӶȥ֮ǳǽǽ䱸ɭϣִǱ߿ȥֻȺӵ˿ִǿշһ׼սӡ
ȺУԼɼŻ۵ҡڤ˵Ӱһɿµƣ֮ǡ
Һڤƺ֮̽ǽƵǿȣɢϢܸ֮ǵĽƣȻһǿ塣
Ƕ½۷ǿߣ
ʱ֮ǶеɫأĵڶϢɢ֮ǡ
Ϣ㣬ִӦڰºŻᷢȻΪλڽ켯ᣬ׼֮ǣĪִǱ֪ʲô
Ȼִսˣ֮ǽ±ˣϣһɰȻսⲻִ֮ĶԾҲִ֮۷Ծ
֮⣬ЩͣϾҪս
ϵǣִ˿͸շ֮󣬲ûսγ˰ΧȦΧס֮Ǻ󣬱ԭشû˶
һ죬ִûκζ߲֮Ҵ⣬ڳǽϸ߶Ƚ䱸ʱ׼ӭս
ִкδ㣿еɻ
죬Ҷ顢ڳǽ֮ϣΪִᷢȴǳٳûжгǡ
֮ױԺβ̶ס
ԺİıԺЩƣֻﵽŷɫɴһ컵
һ׳վڱԺĸѲš
Ժһ뷿УɫıɴҡҷڵסһҴ⣬ʱʱкһ˵Ľ


494 
Ъ̶¹壬ڴǰ
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̶ǰһɫӰΣһƾճһ㣬ҶڴˣһἫΪȣ˲Ǳˣִλ֮һͣ
׼𣿡ͺڷУƳ̶һۣͳ䲻һ˿顣
׼ˡ̶ͷ˿ֹͣ
˵ͱ̶
ҷԻñ顭̶һСĵع۲͵飬ǵˡ
֮ǣԻñ㡣͵˵֮ǰ۹۶Ǵδᣬ˵ƺ˳˺ֻܶ࣬Ȼϧ
л̶˵ԻñѾܾˡ
͸ֿ֮ǣ˸űĹâԵޡ
û֪ν֮ǵģչ롢ɳͨȵڶǿߣҲûв͵ڡ
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ˣԵڶ򣿡չ΢Ц˵
ǰģһ˿ƤëѡҶǳûãԵڶȻôһ˿򣬵ҲֻôһѣҪڶ򣬻ûôס
ڵҶһضѣҪأſʼڶʸ
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Ҷչ˵ʱɳͨĻһɨҶչĶԻȻҲǵĶ
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ҶԱߣȻҲҶĻ϶¶𾪵ɫ֪Ҷôֵģû˼˶վ
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ǿߵϢѹȶǵڶȻչɳͨ졣
ɫ䣬ڿնƻǰִУȥɡ
ǣСġ̶зһĹâһʢ缴ʼ
ƺͼģһԭʧ
ױԺϿգӰ˲Ϣ;֮Уһϵĺɫչɳͨңң
ˡ͵һռԶһ˿̾ϢƺǾǷֵ̫ˡ
ڴֻͣȻǷˣܵɳͨһϻɫɳ
øϻˣɱչһһ޴ѪͺȥȵѪնжʱһѪ޽նȥһգ޿ƥУҪնһ㡣
оâһһϳսôѪӰͻȻ黯Ǿ˵Ľ͵ɨǸû˵Ƭ֮͵Ӱֽʵ
ȻǾط֮һݣ͹ȻЩŵǾط֮˵ء
Ӱʵĵڣһֻ͵ıͻȻһһ޶ˣס͵Ĳӣ͵ȥ
ԡһ·һ
ͱɱˣ
֮·Щˣ̧ͷеĸӰн֣۷Ծ֮ǵ
Ϊ˵ʱֻ͵ͻȻӰţƬ֮ǧ׿֮˿ӡ
˫̽ԵĹûֵʲôô
Ҷͼ͵λãȴ;һһ㣬Ʈ׷ٲڶתʱշ·Ťһ㡣
һĽս޷ץסͣʹ
ͺչɳͨ׷׼ڶĵнײŷ⣬շ·γĸ磬һ֮УǾף
еˮͰ׳£˲ͱĵ˺Ƭ޷ͻƽλǿߵ֮С
أ
ĸǿ߹ЮĹضײֲ֮֮սز飬׼
ʱм֮ǵļϣǸ˲䱻ȥ롣
¡
棬ķ˳ȥ
ĸ˵ڶϵǿ֮ĶԾƷ·Ҫһ㡣


495 
Щ֮ǵǣ͵˵ӰֻһӰӿٵֻٲִﵽǿܹһչ롢ɳͨˣûһ˿ܵļܲʱػûһħӰһħͷһ㡣
ϵıˮһ˿Ŀ֮вʱɺ
չɳͨ˲Ӳɺǿۼʶڻħ峤ɺһ
͵ʵ˵󣬾Ҳֻǿƽֶѣɳͨ졢չ룬һʱ޷ȥЭ
¡¡֮ǵĽ⵽Ҫ֪Щþɣޱȣ⼸λǿߵ֮£ǲһĶһ·˷׷ڿն𣬳ɢȥһЩʼǿ߱ǵڶ˲٣ҲҲǵĺۼ
еսʮּң˵Ĺע
ϣ޻ʱӮ˸żᶨĹâһֱһж޿ƥеս
Ҳǽҧűݣŵعעսһ䣬һԵģһ֣֮
̶ҶȻ̶ֲӰһüͷ곯֮ǵɨȥ㣬һȥ̶һʲôı
Ҳɫһ䣬𲻺õԤС
ҶӡеʨүæѰңʨүܿͷ̶ڡ
ʨүָ֮£Ҷ顢ֱ޻ʵ
ƻֺ޻ʵУһ׹֣Ȼ֪淢һУ޻ʱ֣ؽһҪ
һȻЩǹ֮ǽҪһ
ȻϢأһӰڴУͷǾβ̶лһϤӰ
һȺ˾ֱױƽ
״磬Ѿ֮У϶Ķ֣ԸԺһµȨߣǰȰ˵
ڿʱɫѾĻи⣬ע
֪״ϲ״ΪһµȨߣôܲ˳ӣ·ûױĿ⣬ѭѭյһ̬ľβ̶Ŀֳ֮ɫ鲻Խ˿ڿˮ˴һصֻҪ״ҪԸһŮˣ
ȻΪ˻ȡʵֶΣҲΪһȨߣҾһͽ׿ŭغһ֪Ǳ̶Իϵһ͸Կ̶Ļ
̫ϳֺαִԲΪһܶԿִ𣿡̶Ȱ˵Ч̬ȵǰЦ˵ͬʱϵͷŻûסףѪУȻõġ
ִܲԿҲֻ֪ҪһһڣͻִսףΪִ޻ʱµĶֱ֣ǳΣ޻ʱ·ӳȫʵλҲɣĿâ̶ֱĻϻˡ
ڸģȻˣǾɣ̶ĵϣֳ׺ݵɫʱ䲻ܸ࣬׺ȥˣಣǿ߳ȥ
ǿ߶һȨߣͫһ˿ãȻǱ̶Իɥʧǡ
״һâϵŰǿսһš
̶¶һ˿֮ɫȻоʲôɫһ䣬ˣսپϣһ͸ס
ۣһʧ񣬱һǿ߻УѪ
Ҳ˼֮Ľƶҡ˼֣Ȼǳǿû顣
ʱҶವһ˴֮С
飬ɱ滹ɶŮˣػ׿֣һ⣬ȵȻǿǿ߼ս
Ҷ״Ȼһɱ̶ǿ񵶣ǳ̶˹ȥָЧضԿ̶Ļ
顰ﬡһԪȥҲǶ˵սš
֮жʱȫĻս
κ˵ƻļƻɱ⣡̶зɫ׹⣬һȺǿߺųȥԼɱ壬һֻ޴ĳžβ͵ĺɫ꣬צҶ˹
һҶǿ񵶿ھβצϣǲ㱻֡
ٶһֻֻβߴףȫͨ𣬵ڣɢħ
ֻϺҲħҶɫһݣǳ͸β˹ȥ
ֻľβҲɢ˵һҶǳԿ
֮ݺᣬüǿ˲䱻˺ƬҲǿֲܹ֮Ա
齿һչߣ׵Ů񣬻еԪһΧ׵ǿնɱ˹ȥ
һս˫ƾУһʱ˽š
ʱֻңԶ֮ҵıը֮֮ƺ˼¡
֮ǹѾƳСʱ֮ڲ޸֮ǵĽƾͻ÷ǳʱִλͻƳƣ֮˶Ҫľβ̶شЦֻҪƳֻҪСʱλܹ
˵ţצɣԽˣҶӶǿ񵶣֮Կ
ۡһѪɽֻױһؿڣ֮ǰˣǿŵڣѾԽԽٻ
֮겻Ҫ֮ǣûôףĿѣѪͬھļƣЯŵһһƺһǿߵصһǸǿߵԴϣǸǿߵԴصһ㣬ըķѡ
嵹ɶײڴǽϣˤѾһϢ
ػԲ˫Ŀȥ³󼸸֣ͷһᣬǽߡ
ǰȻûʲôøУΪһֱͼıΪһ̣еԹ޶ɢг˾⣬һӢۣ
翹ãԶһ
𶥣
ȼһŭ͵һ˹ȥ
䣡ըɶײǽϣԽѶӪһôҲ벻Լȥ
׹ȶĿʣϣһȻѹȶ


496 ѣ
ǱȡһЩƣҶߣ̶ĶԿǲ£ѷʤ
̶Ͼ꣬һѾ˵ڶһЩΣģĳֹħҶǳһʱҲκβ̶
սУ̶ܵҶԻñϢ
СӣԻñҽ̶ſغȵһצ̽Ҷš
˫ҵضײһĳڴǽϣľǽ˵ơ
̶ɱⶸʢצ֮͸ʴԵħһצ֮£Ҷǳһ˿ɢļ
ľβ
о̶иֵħҲż֣һһǳ̶ȥ
һ̶ıըըëŭ
𶥣ҲǲСģǴ֮ҵһ˿϶
ǲɱң񹦱ӻ̶֮ɲޱȵ
̶ľβ˹Ҷüͷһ壬֪ôˣսپеħӺ춦ʱ׼֡
ʱҶؿڴԻñͻȻշųҫ۶Ŀİɫâǰ׹֮г˵ӰӰԻñϿաʱڱ״̬βͲͣذڶţıȶֻβҪСö࣬ͨ崿ףһ˵Ŀɰ
˫ƺûԿԻñâʢޱȡ
ԾԿҪյö࣬в̽䡣
һ˲䣬ͷ·һ㡣
βڵͻȻЩãͻ̻Կ֮У꾹ƾԻñΪǿߵ̶
̶üͷţҪѰĿƣ̶ϵİ׹˼֣ҡҡ׹
Ҷһ̶Ҫ
Ҷڶ͸һײ̶춦͵س̶ȥ
صһϱ춦̶ؿڣ̶ҵѪɶ
̶һ⣬Ҫ롣
գҶ߶춦׷ȥ춦ڶʱγһҵУǵ˽ȥ
أ̶ţͣҪѳȥҶؿס춦߶춦Ļ
춦д̶Ĳҽ
ҳȥὫʬΣ̶񣬳˻̻ȴȻӲ
Ҷ춦̶е˲䣬սǿߣͻȻһͨ죬䣡䣡˲ԱһǿΪģɨ⧲

СģҶǶԱٶ̫ˣҶԮ
СģһظԱļ٣ֻ֮ңԥغǰ
һǹɱըɨĺ󱳣˦˳ȥ
һ׼ʩչԼǰۿʱ
ɳɨһйƽֻҶ黹վţһЩˡ
򵹵صǶ
ôˣر֮һƬѪϴһǿڼףǿҲ׻ǼڼףڼȻǹɳ˺飬ѪģѪѸٵӿ
鿴᲻ϵص
ôصˣһǿĹҲҪ档
Ҷջ춦ˣĿҲЩȻߵߡ
ٻԺ󡭡Ҫչ˺ԼɴѾ䣬¶һžգ԰׵ϣ΢΢չ¶һ˿ЦգЩȥ
СܵܣȾ£Ҷʵ˫Ȼųһ˿ϣĹâץҶ½ǣ
˵ôܾҶʵзܾҶԲѣ
֮ǰһ̫Ѫ鿴ԽԽ԰׵ɫļ١
ĻҶһɵˡ
վŸ𣿿·һ߿ޣһļѾʲô˲ˡ
·״£˵ҲһŮѪܵ£Ҳ̫˰ɣ˵ԼǸʲôˣҲδܾˣǶߵһ£
һ̫ѪһҪֹϵɣ
ֽͬһɫԭͬһѸٵš
ȲҶķ
Ҷöͷ߳˺ͻȻ뵽ʲôһתڵľǣһɹϵӿӿָָ֣֮Ҷһָָ˳ȥ¡һһɹɾϵ˽ȥ
ƺһһ£ƺĳֶѸٵѹ
ЧҶ۾һ߶ڵ
оڵı仯Ҳ¿ϣղſϾҪ棬ȷʵǼˣΪҶǸʲôˣоˣȫû뵽ҪǸҶҲԼǱؼѪ
뵽ղԼ֮µĿڲԣ΢΢Щ̣Ҳ˲öˣŵعעı仯
һҪס֣
Ҷϵؽھϵעڣɫ˺תһ޷һ㣬һһϵ
ҶҲһЩ֧ĸоֻܸϽ߶Ժеɵ
¡һΪͻƵʼʮأȻֺ¡һأһ˿˿ͣתϵҲѸٵغת
ĻָٶǼ侪˵ġ
ΪԼҪˣʶһƬĺڰУָһЩ֪ǳغãڼ֮е̫Ѫƺˣ̫Ѫһ˿
۾ҶָָԼؿ֮üͷΪӣоҶӿϵ΢΢һ£ղϾҪʱҶԼһ
ҶǿԼڵ̫Ѫ
ͷһ˺ܶ飬֮ǰƺҶԭ̫ѪҲģѹ˵̰ͼΪжҶĽ٣Ҳɢ
ҶڵϵԼƺҲǳ˺ܴķգимһΪҶȻġ
ҶϵϵزӿǱˮһ㣬յģԺеķɵϵزҶ֧Ųסˡ
̫ѪȻԵޱȣ


497 
ѹҶϽָ˻һ˿ѪΪ̫ѪҶһЩˣܵ˲ء
Сܵܣôˣ鿴ҶˣʱȫϵҶϣҶǵѪĲѡ
û¡ҶǵѪҡҡͷϴθ˫ޣ˫һֽμǱصѪȴǵĸ𺦵ģҿɵṩ˷ǳϵڵϵҪˡ
ô£ϴӦûµİɻʵ
ȣϴκΣЩͬҶһεӵҿΪûôǿҪǻΪһЩ޸֣ҿ¾Σˡ
ҶĻһԺ˵ʲôҲҶٰ˼Ѫˡ
ǻָʵǰǿǽվҶתͷʱһ·һ׵˿ȹĵƮȻӣγ۾Ҷллҡ
лң㣬Ҿ㣬ǳƽˡҶһЦϾΪ˾˵ġ
ҶĻ˵ͷ۾ҶҲ֪ЩʲôҶ̬ȣ˼ת䡣
ҶĬĬתڷɵͷųϵѸٵˡ
оôˣ¶˿ĵЦݣһ𳤴ͬãǳ
Ҹоǳá΢΢Ц̫Ѫ൱ǿģƻָˣΪҲǴﵽһ۷塣
һϵϢ΢΢üȻﵽΪ̫Ѫѵĳ̶ƺǺܸߡ̫Ѫδȫѣ
šҲԸоĲࡣ
鿴һҶ뵽ʲôĪҪСܵˮ齻ڣ̫ѪŻȫѣ뵽ֲ糺
飬Щɻôˣʱ飬һ˵Ķ̬κһ˼˿¶̲סĶ
Ҷȴûע˵ЩʲôԱЩ׹ֵĸߴӿȥʵЩ֧֮ǽƵģ
ǵġͷЩӽ֮ǹ
ղ̶˵ģҶüʵƺЩ鷳ˣЩ֧֮ǽƵĹؼڶദƻ֪֮ĽƻܳŶá
˵û崦ƻ֮ϿյĽȻܹάСʱҲƻ֮ϿյĽƾֻάְСʱҲɫأһƣ֮Σӣ
ղ̶˵ѾƻҲһ֮ǵķƻ֧ŶãҶʵͻȻڽ棬˶ʼδڽֱƻʣµʱ䲻ˣֵ֪ܷ֮סִĽûʲô֣
崦ѾƻҲأƹֻ֧һСʱˡһԵΪƾѪ츳Ǵ־ս˵дִĿܣû뵽תۼ䣬ǾֻʣһСʱʱˣһ˿
ֻһСʱʱҶг˳üͷ
ʱһǿĻǵصس˹
顢Ƕ˴ʼΪ˺׽أһڶ
׽أҶ֮һΪȫĵط
ʼΪ˽ȥˣ¾ֻܷˣҲܹȲѣԲߵһ
ǣ޻ʱ£Ӧף֮ǵĹؼʱ̡
ѸٵԻ֪ͨˣ֮ǵУһӰ𣬳֮ǻʹ󷽵Ӷȥ
֮Уչ롢ɳͨ͵սȻڼһȻѹסͣȴ޷Χɱַطչɳͨ޿κΡ
֮֮ǳƬĽΪ棬ǧڷ
֮ʼǿѸٵڻʹ󷽻㼯ҶһҲȻ˻ٶ׽֮ǰǰ죬һ˺󷽵һ֮У֮ǵĵڶ
ƬƷԲǧң֮ĽƸΪιֿ̣鲼дʳˮи鱦ȵȣĵطһΰĽһЩһǿÿ
ȻôΪʲôҲҶʵôˣܾһһ
ȻǺγԸ⿴ȥ
͵ʼµˣ޷Ƭơ
ѵҪһֱǿǷ׷ʵɫʡ
λ˴һ׽أڽƻδһƿֻܳܽ˿Թơﻹгʳˮ֮ڣ˿вǰһΣǻǿش񡣻λ԰꣡Խºͣȶĵá
Ļǿ߶Ĭףһ֮ΧĽƱƣ˿赲ִֻʱ˾ɽڲûա
ֻǣ˾Ͳòˣкܶǵˣ
˶أսȭͷȻεѡ
վҪȥˣҲȥڡ
˶̧ͷԶգĸӰȻڼսǿֲʹնŤˡ
ʱܿƣҪչɳͨ
λ˵ڶǿ֮ǵĹǣս˶оδϣ
ܶΣգǶҪȣ
ִӪǱߣ˿д־ǻȳһ㣬ڵ֮Уǵصس֮߷˹
Һڤͷųֻ߰׵ĺڼޣӶǾ޴ȭһȭȭغ֮ǵĽ֮ϡ
֧ŷƵƻֻ̫࣬ڼ޵Ĺ֮£ǽķƲͣزš
¡¡ڼȭͷƷ˵ը죬ڸס֮
֮ǵĽòһСʱƾͻᱻƣ
֮Уһ̧ͷ죬Ƿ֮ǵĽѾһ˿˿ƣʱֱ
ʼϵǿ߶׽ˣʣЩ˵ʵ޷ִ⣬ȴǵģ
Ϊ˻ȥ
ҫͬڣ
սף
˶սе쳣ϡȻΪӣȻԹ޻ڣÿһ˴Сս֮У룬Ǽ̫ȥһֵǡ
ֻҪܹȥ崫ȥǿս
г˸޷Ƕҳϡ
չɳͨͼսɳͨˣǱҲòȥϾһ˵ڶ۷ǿߡ
һɨ֮ΧĽѾʼ𣬴ӸִʼԿʱ뵽˺֣Ǿ׽ءǣҪ֮ˣΪ޻ʵҲɵĲЩ񰡡
֮ΧϾҪ飬һҪڽ֮ǰ׽أҡڤ˵͸Σˡ


498 ݸ
չ֣ɳϴҪȥˣչ롢ɳͨ촫
չ롢ɳͨĿɨ·Ⱥһ˿ΣǲòЩһͬս˺ѣһֱѣȻȴòô
·ȺУܶ˳΢΢Ϲ
޻ʱ£һҪɱΪǱ֮ǲִˣ
޻ʱ¡չɳ峤չ˺ҵλ̫ϳϣ

˸˵ԼԸǵĿ֮У͸һǰδеļᶨԼ̹Ȼ
Ϧ͸Ʋ㣬б֮ǵĳǽȾһԣɫʣѪ㱯׳
չɳͨԣЩϺ;飬Ҳۿ졣
Щ˺ѶǿɾӢۣ
гκ;أջǲòǡ
ߣһݣҧ
չɳͨһۣƴһͣȻѸߡ
ಣӰ⣬˲Ϣ׽֮С
չɳͨ˽׽֮׽ΧķѸٵؿ⴦Ʊ֮ĽƻҪ
ԶУԶԶؿһ˵ıӰû׷֮У͸ŻްĹâ
Ҷ׽濴ȥһڶ೬ҡϹѪ޻ЩִɢߣһֳȻվ̮֮ķ֮ϣ׼ִƴս
֪Ǳ֣֮
һִĴǱɣûʼĸ֣ǽᱻɱ
Щ΢ЦݵĻ棬ҪԶضϦԵС
Ҷȭͷÿ죬Щִ£һų죬ǾȥҲκβִϹȥֻǰװ
վҶߣҶյȭͷУҲ⡣
ҺڤҺ֮ΧķԽԽ࣬ڡءһѿ˿ִ糱ˮһӿ֮ǽ֮Уգ֮ǵϿΪ֮һ
ִ֮ǣ
·һеǿǻӶŭųгȥ
֮ǣ
ɱ
֮ߵǿŭţϿճȥĻԻ͡
նЩ˺ηسЦһ
һȺϣҲҽĺڼ׾һưȥأЩ׷ը촦Ѫ裬һ֮Ͽջصеҵֿߣɱ⣡
ಣһһӰڿն𣬳ҡ
أأأһһûг嵽ҷԲǧ׵ķΧƾը˷׷ɵѪꡣ
ɱִ֣
֮ǣ
һһ֮Уǲ˳
֪Ҳ޷ˣԸսҲԸΪ׵ĸ򣬼еӳһҲǵҫ
һûͶث֣
ң
Һڻħһ壡
ɳһ壡
ǧٸӰա
ҵĿжȻɱֻǧٸӰ˲ȫըѿħһ㣬ڹ⣬ֱ׽أףִҡڤڴˣ⵨Сֻµ˹ҳһս𣿡
ڤĻȫ֮˺ڰ֮У׽أ֮ǲ˵ɱ
¾ˣ׽һǿۿȫ
Ҫȥ
ҲҪҵһ𣡡
ಣӰһеس׽أҷȥ
ǼСඣû˼Ǻڼ׾ӶƣǼӰץ۵һѪˮҹЦżڼ½һ֣ȴһսûҸ߿һۣ
˶׽һ̨ϱĿ
޻ʱ£ü֮ܳȥ
޻ʱ£뱣ԼһΪأһǿǷ׷׹ؿ
ʱ޻ͻȻ۾б⡣
֮ߴ̨ͻȻ佣֮缲籩һ㣬˷
һǧƵ˿ΧҪƻ֮ǵ̨ͻȻ⵽˽Ĺûü㱻֮׹֮ƬƬ˿ֱִɱ
׽ʵ̫ˣǿҲ޷׶
֮˿ִֵʬǱһأأһһ
գۼ˿ֱִɱҲϰ֮ࡣ
ҡڤ˼״ɫһŭѣû뵽֮ܷϬĹ
һ󣬻ȥǡͱ
Һڤͬʱֻ֣Ƴ֮ߴ̨ץȥȴ̨ϳһƣסǵĹ
ƣҺڤͷųֻƵԽԽ󣬷̨ĽƱֻץÿ֨죬˵ơ
ȻҫޱȣǷ¾Ľ⻹ڼ˶ɨ֮Щ˿ִĸǸ
Ƭֻ֮¡һ죬̨ĽƱˣ̨Һڤľ˷ĩ
Ľʱ١
ͻȻĽɱִǿߣ֮ϿտճһƬ
𣬾⽣ɱִôΣִĸ֣˿ѵҪһӹ֮ⷽ𣿡ҸֶȻظ׽֮е𣬲ߵ
ر۾ڸ̨һ
׽֮أҧŭϷִȭͷ
ᡱʱһĦɫս׵չҶ˹ǽսû졣
˵Ŀⶼչϡ
չҶ顢վ
չ뿴΢ЩɻӣЩΪȻô죬Ҳ̫Ѫѵļ
չҶֵ
չĿҶϣֿԵһۣЩпصһ˵УлڶģˣҲˡ
չĻҶͻȻһֲĸо
һۣҲ΢΢Щ
Ҷɻӣչ΢΢һЦҡɳ峤׼ȥҡڤ;һսսͽˡ
չؿǣҡڤʵǿᣬʱӦâҶ˵˸ղһδܻɱͣҡڤˣ
ҵȻҡڤ˵ʵȷʵԶǣôˣǱɱҡɳϴģǿ֮ģһǰ޻ڡǽˣΪѴϣսɳչһЦЦһ˵ĵȻݡ


499 һ֮
ǡҶȰ⡣
չ˰֣һЦģװ飬ô˽߶һ־طʹΪʱδزҡڤ˵Ķ֣չ̧ͷԶеִˣɫ¶һ˿ݾ
طѵһ΢΢һһ˿ʣչλǧ򲻿ԣһʩչλֻһСʱʱ䣬˺ɢΪޣǱĽκη޷Ȼأ
ĻҶг֣չ׼ȼԼǱܣִϹͬھ
չȴ൱̹Ȼ΢΢ЦûԸǴɷΪΪǲȰ˵ս׼
Ҷģ͵شһ£ԶɳͨһۣȻ̫˽ˣҶжǳ塣չ롢ɳͨΪȻҡڤ͵Ķ֣ԱǴ´ģȴһ־
磬ִϹһ̰İ࣬ǸչɳͨɾӢۣ׽֮ЩˣһҶǰӹҶҲĬĬԼľ
ҵս˶ˣˣչ֣е
ǰˣҵȻǣҲλǰУҶɫ˵ʱκԶԵô԰ףֻҶԼףгźεȱ׳黳
չͷҶļɫмοȻ㳯ڵķȥ
Զɳͨ쳯Ҷ߿˹һ׹ϣĵ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ɳͨЦݣҶıӺȻ΢΢ᣬۿ죬ȻǰôһЩᣬڣҶɳͨ˳羴֮ġ
Ҷü˼ѸٵسӡС
ʨүʲô취԰ǻҡڤ𣿡Ҷʵ
ʨү˵ɵӣȻ̾ϢǶ˵ڶȻܰΪҪʱȽϳҪʮϣЩˣȴԶˮⲻ˽ʡʩչӦòҡڤһսֻǵĽѾעʨүҺˣҲòϣǵ֮Ӣۣ
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ʨүܾܲǣҶĵʵ
ʨүЦҶСӣʨүǵȲǣẦˡһ֣Ȼʱ˲Ϊƽء
ʨүӡмǧ꣬ڼ䣬ʵȻѸٵţ뿪ӡǿôۻ֪жǿȷʵԽһȫ
ѵԼҲ޷Щʲô
룬ҶһݣֱڵķȥҲ
֪ɳͨչʩչһĽҡڤ˾һսʱ򣬽֮е˶Ǻ޲֮
ҡڤ˽Σɳͨչ붼
Ҷ˹ȥ˵ĿⶼҶϣ֪Ҷʱ׼Щʲô
˵԰޻ʱ¼̫Ѫ޻ʱһ֮ҶԻڵϵѾѸٵת
̧ͷؿһҶ΢΢ͷãлȻЩɻҶôܼ̫Ѫ̫ѪȷʵˣǲʵһжҶйء
оҶӿϵȻʶʲôŵסҶСܵܣܻģµΪ̫ǿˣ
Ļ̧ͷԸвؿһҶû뵽̫ѪпܻḶĴۡ
ɷΪΪҶ飬һЦЦ֮һ˵ѣʱչ˵ľ
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վĺ棬ؿҶ֪ΪΣӰޱȸߴ
ҶؿڴԻñ˵ؾҲ׹⣬Ҷƺо˰͸ů¶һĨЦݣˣ԰ʵټԻñ飬ӦҲԱ֮
Ҷһһߵߡ
㲻ôҶǰˣһЩµʶῴҶϵǳ˵Ӧ÷ԵģڣǾ۹ⲻ
Ҷᶨҡҡͷ¡չǰɳǰһԼеĵ
еĵЦеĵ
Ҷϣֲ֮Ժеķɵش߶һɹкҶתɾϵҶ˫ָؿָ˳ȥ
þϵĿ¶֮ɫ
ԶչɳͨҲؿ˹Ҷϵľ̶ȣȷʵ𾪡
һҶϵϡ
ϵһڣоص̫Ѫһ˿ļҶϵܹص̫Ѫ
һֹ޵׶һ㣬Ҷϵ޷
ڵϵܿͿյˣҶֻƴش߶Ժеķɵеﴦľǡ
࣡
ǲ࣡
ҶԺеķɵ΢΢زڶķԽԽٺǿһɹ籡ӿ
ЩȫҶڵľתϵڡ
ǵתѾǴﵽ˼ޣǾСҲǽɡ
ǵ֮Ҳǲͣת
䣬һһϵ糱ˮһ壬ɫԽԽ죬ҶΪô˾ϵϵ߰˵ڶǿҲ޷⣬ǰźܶܡ
оص̫Ѫ˹һľѪ֮УΪѸٵ̫Ѫѣأ񺣾һ˿εļ
̫ѪϼǿҲǴﵽ˼Ϊ˵ĳ̶ȡ
۾þˣҶԼͻ񺣣
ʱҶһѪǵ˼ޣЩҡҡ׹һΣϵ֮ǰʱֹɵǱ߶˼ޡ
Ҷӣ֪ҶѾһޣ˼ĸҶټϵǱֱӺĸɶһҧƿҶ֮ϵжϡ
Ҷһڣ˹ȥ
һһƽ͵ҶסҶ˰С


500 
ѣʱҶĴһƬռţܸоΧʲô飬ȴ޷Ҳ޷˵һƬž֮УƬԼһЩǹ˸
ԼҲһҶƽ޲
ԱߵһֱŵعעҶҶιȥһȥ
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ʱ򡣡ԥصסһϣ
Ǳ¡Щصȴִ˻
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ˮһ˲ӿۿص˵ͷ
תͷչɳͨ죬΢΢ͷ
չɳͨ״Ҳ¶һ˿οɫҶʵ˲١
ȻǲһܹսʤҡڤͣϾʤ˲١
һᣬʼתط׼ս
չɳͨǵͬһɫĹȦƣ׽֮иǿж̺˱˸֮ɫ
һطζչɳͨ
ʱ׽֮⣬һԼӵȫִѹһ֮Ĺ㳡ϣż֮
ޣҲҪйһһ׳ŭһ׳ʵļⱻúܽճѪֱۣϸ͹
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Щ˵Ͽգ¶һ˿Цݣ׽濴ȥ
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Ǹһ׳ȴ¶˲֮ɫ
΢΢Ц·ˣɫصǲһȺϰˣɱǣ͸һȺһ򵥣
ָ΢ֻۡһ죬Ǹһ׳ҽһ˲ķѣըѪ׷׶¡
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ǵ޻ʱ¾ȲǣУǲһЩӰˣһ˿֮ɫ𲻳ҪһһֱΪֹ
ҵɭޱȣԾĵһ㡣
ڤͣȻģܸоΧǵϢ·Ϊһ壬ǵĿʱע·
ҳ׽طһۣ׽Ǳɺ޶һһӣֻһȺִĵЦ㳡һȺһ㣬Щ档
˵һŮӣһֻҳԼɷ򡣶һŮὫΪȫ׸ɷ򣬲֪ǲȷʵˣȤƵ˵·
㳡ϴŮӵļС
Ǽ·رܣĴЦһŮˣǻԸУӦҲŮ˰ɣ
׽֮Уǿ߿˫Ŀͨ죬Һ޵ҧгݡ
ޣ

мͲ˵شһȥƴԵסˡ
ʱͻȻ۾ǶһѺֵ
չ֡ɳϴߣޱȣеңವһһ㣬׽ء
ಣչɳͨҲ޷˵س˳ȥ
ȥıӰ׽е˶˫ۺᣬĿλӢۿĬĬţϣǲҪװ
𣬺ܺãûʧڳˣҹЦһǿ͸ڼ׾ֳ˹
ޱȣһսľ޽һײ˹ȥǺڼ׾ֱײϡ
𣡡û뵽ʵȻôǿҲǷӳȫսս
һɹɵڶײŷը죬֮һлΪޡ
֮ǵĺĻѸٵѹɸΪǿĵڶǶ
ذ޹⣬ǺӶת
Ƕ½۷ĶԾսе˶˵ڶľǿߡڶЩ˿ִĸܣ׷ײҽűѹĩ
Щﵽ˿ǿǰҲǲһϾЩ˿ȻӵʵҲֻ൱ضѣ޷ʩչǵڶĶ֣
䣡ڶײеҲȫû
׽֮У˶̧ͷŵعսĶᵽɤۣΪһ亹
ҶȻ޷ۣȴ쳣淢һоǵӰһ㣬ӳԺС
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սңһвһǡ
ȻɳͨչʱޣֻһСʱһһСʱǱᵽޣǲܾɱҡڤͣǾҲûлˡ
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ɱк֣ػӳһնڤֻڤصһըˡ
ɹˣ
޻ʱɱһ
׽һ˿˷ܣʩչ֮𣬹Ȼǿ˾ۣÿһһֻصơ
ȻʱȴһüͷӽնҺͣڤɱЩ̫ˣһ˿õԤС
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תۼ˵ʱֻʣһˡ
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۵һɳͨըѿ
ɳϴ󣡡
չ˫ĿѪ죬𣬷һ
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501 
ߣǸԵ³չ룬˭Ƕһڤɳͨɢ꣬¸µĹЦ֮ޱȣȫǴĶһ㣬ΪطκεıӻӵеǸ޷ģǸɱǣ
ڤղ޻ʱµĽ£Ϊλǻ˹
׽֮Уǿ߱ʹͬʱЩɳ峤ˣʣ޻չ룬ǻҡڤ˵Ķ
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չкһҲٻҡ
ҡڤ֮Уһɱ˵
أ˼սչ벻ң·Ҫͬھһ㣡
ʱһһš
ʮһӾ͹ȥˡ
ʣʮӣչͻߵͷ
ʱǽɢΪޣ䳹ʧ
˶սȭͷʱ䲻ˣ
޻սչҲˣǽûһ˿ϣ
֮Ǳ٣½з̤ƽȫͶִЩ˱׽أδһƬڰ
мˣչҡڤ˵Ķ
еڶײľ죬֮Ǿҵţ·ʱгΪ档
ҲҪǼᣡս겻ս棡չŭţб˵⣬еľ޽ͼìҡڤ˼ȥ
䣡
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չ˹к˸û뵽۾ôһеĹؼԼϡ
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ڶ֮С
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޻ʱºչɹˣ׽棬ǿ˫ۺᣬ
ȴô˲ֻ֮ʣٶˣ׽֮⣬һƬտ¼š
޻սչԱһĻԶǵУĥ
չԱһ˲䣬һޱǿҵĵֲҶУҶоԼ·õһϴһ̵˹˫ۡ
Сܵܣˣ鿴Ҷ峺кᡣ
һʣǼˣǲ
ǳȥɣһǿ˵
УǻܳȥҶæֹ֧üԶǳγУһûл
ҶĻǿ͵һ
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Ҷ΢΢ҡͷȻԸãʵȴ쳣пᣬܵ˲Զ֮ǵֲϢ
ǿߵĶ˹ȵףչɳͨȫսִǱ߻˻ţ˭ΪǶս
Ҳü̧ͷԶա
ԽԽٶ֮ǣǺѹѹ֮Уһֲĺϯֲ֮£֮Ƕս
ʲô׽е˶ȻʧɫŵؿϿա
̧ͷȥֻһֻ޴޳ǵҰ֮Уֻǧףͨ帲źɫƬһһ㣬ųβ̣ͣ೤צצ͸źĺâǲϸǳ޴ͷֱֳࡢ𡢺ɫıԸϸƬĳȶţĿʹ·֮еķ浹øӳס
ֻзƹɫ¡
ЩƬˣϡһ˿Ѫ
չ룬ȻҲò仯壬๼ǾһųɫƬͷԣȻִеһģһ
չѾˣ½ǿ⣡һǽɫƬͷſ˵ҵ
ҡڤˣ


502 ͷɻħ
ȻˣϵȴҲҪܾòָܻҪһ²ָܻ۷״̬ʵڿɺޣɫͷзڤ֮꣬ǵʳ
û꣬ζʳɫͷ͵
ǳࡢ𡢺ͷͬʱſѪڣţֻ˷۶Щ꾪ֵţȴǲر۾˸У۾ϵЩƣƺһЩָļ
֮ǵϴ׽ִɱ⣡۾ץ׽ϣ׽ƲͣزսϾҪһ㡣
׽֮еҴ߿ͷ۾ֵʱȫˣֱ۾Żعг׾ˣǺ۾ƿ׽صĽƣǱȻ·һ
۾ͣع׽صĽƣȴûܽ׽صĽƴơ
ֻ۾ʲôΪһһǿ߲ʵȻ׽صĽƣȻܹܵǿֲѹȡ
ֻ۾ǽ񺣾ĴˣҶСضɫǰδеأû뵽ִܻ˿ֲľޡ
Ӧô죿Щʵ񺣾磬Ǹܹƥеġ
ҶҡҡͷĬƬ̵Ҳ֪Ǻ۾ʱӦ޷ͻĽơҪôܸɵֻ۾
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Ҷһڵ״չԱʱҶɵĳҶԵڶһȫµĸܹڶ˵лֻ۾һս
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λҾһһԡȻ֣صشһɫ׼ף˼ģ˼ӢһӢˬŮ
׽УԭɧȺҶؿ顣
ڳλǸжĸ֣һϵظлҶ֮ǵԮ޻ʱսչսɳ峤սǧǧսʿսˣдųʹıǼȴͦñֱ𽥸߰ǣξҶҪǣǻȴǻȥǶˣǿ϶޶ԿˡԲôǲΪΨһϣ
ǿĻۿ죬뵽ЩеϤЦòеζζӳ£̫ȴҪǿػȥΪ壬ǲòΣ
λһһ߾ȫһ취ô뿪Ҹһʱ䡣վߣǼᶨɫɽȪһ㣬ö˸鰲
лл˹֣
һ޻ʱΪսûҪʲôһʲôԸҵǣ˵սõļλǿߡ
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ǼҲǣ
ǿ߷׷˵ףϣʮãɱִλĺ۾ǳ֮ǣܵõȥ½ǵ֮
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ͷɻħǿƣѹҡڤ˿ԵֵסչĽط
СܵܣʱҶһ˿ѶϢ
Ҷ飬׽һȥһ£Ҳȥಣ˽һǿػĴ
Ĵ£⴦Ϸš
㣬ҪȥģҶһߴΧһ˵
üΪأһһ㣬ǽ϶˸ָЩһϵĸۡǿޱȵĴսϡ
ڴߣŨϵ
֮ǵ֮ǵĺλ׽룬һ֪ܷǻɱֻ۾ĬƬ̵
Ҷɻ֮ǰոջԵʱƺҲʵܹɱֻ۾Ϊ֮ǰã
ǧ˿޻ʱҲСȻѾûʲôϣȥһԣ΢΢ЩȻ˵䣬һ֮С
ıڲ֪ʲôɵģؿ׽ＫΪտֻλ÷һСԼһ˶ߣоŲ㣬ͨɢźصϽɫСϵżΪµͼƣЩͼƾһµķģкĽɫһ׵ƣ·ʱᱬ˵
ҶԼԸо̺޾ܣ
󷽵Ҳӯ£Ŀϣһ˿ǣ漴ǰվԡ
֮ǳ׵֮У׵֮ϣһֻΪŨϵһ֮Уµػϵļأ֮ǰǿԺɱǿߡǧѾû˿Բٿ
ԭˣҶ˵ͷÿʱÿ̶ڲͣռӦʮֲֻֿϧû㹻ʵȫ
ٿʵԽǿɷӳҲԽǿҵʵ֪ܴܲ߶Ҵ߶ܷ֮ɱ۾Ҳ˵ΣҶҪһԡ˵ţ˿Ҷ֮УмȴȻޱȼᶨ
Ҷ飬ȻЩԾʵ߶᲻Σգ
ᡣصЦĵصСܵܣڿһϣˣôðգ
Ҷ˵ͷ飬ԼһֱߣʲôΣգʱֹˡ


503 ĸ
վ֮УһжγӰ񣬵ӳ֮УĲʱԹ۲쵽һУȻ߶
Ϸȥؿһֻɫĺ۾зɹʱֻ۾ϡ
׽֮Уǿķٴ߶ǿĹκ֮Ͽյĵ˶ɣѹ֮Ǵôöû䡣
ϧǣ֮Ѿܾûܹ߶ˡ
վǰʱüΧһɹ׵Ϣʱͨ
ҲȫͷϵϢͼ֮С
Ҷǣţ֪ܴܲ߶ܹ߶мʤ㡣
ҶԸоŲ֮Уƺ˯һǿʶһĪ͸һĳһǰƶɵģ
ƺһȡĿȨһɹϢ˴˽ڣһ˿ѵļ
ɫһ˿ңǵؿһ飬ֹ
ȥ棬Һͳҹ˵仰Ҫñ˽չһЦ˵
¶ȴʲôû˵ص˵ͷ˴档
һЦֲһƬƣڽ֮ڡ
վ⣬Щɻ󣬲֪鵽ҪҶ˵ЩʲôΪʲôǵý߳ûͿ
ֻʣҶˣǰҶǰ
СܵܡظҶգ¶һ˿ĵ΢ЦһΣ֪ܲսʤǺ۾ųȥллܹʱŽ㡣
ҶҪ˵ЩʲôȴѾúܽˣĵͷȥ㿴ؿǰļĹ֣һ׼ףز߹յøһֺ֮ı
֮Ҷ΢΢Щᶨ˵һ취뿪ģ
ϡһ˿ˮ⣬ؿҶҪҶÿһ˿ӡԺ
ôһҪ뿪֮ǣ츳һԽ񺣾ȻǰԪ½鿴Ҷص
Ҷ΢΢üΣҶһˣȻʲôˣţ֪ܲӡǿ߳ȥ
ս˹ҧҶĶһּջҶĶૣСܵܣٰһΣһ׽׼׺Ȼ䣬¶壬һޱȵĵһ㣬Ȼۺļˮһ㣬۵ÿԵγˮ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣飬һ˿ϧֱס飬˫ִ⻬ϻ
Ұؽ⿪Ҷ·ؿڵһԷѹЩΣǴʵĸоҶҲ鲻Խ
ߵͷֻʣʱˣҶһǽϣһ˿˿ıˡ
Сܵܣ㡣ȻҶһǿҵһ
ƺĩսٵѹ֣жһְ಻ס궯ͿҰϵҶ鰮ĺۼ
ʱѾ˺ܾãվڴ֮⣬Щ硣
֪Щʲôţ˴֮У֮еĳѽľһնʱ÷ۺ뵽ȻҶ顣
ವһ³˻ǿҰõı飬Ĳֱ񻳴һֻһ㡣
öû취ƽղŵһжǿҵ⻹Сһο飬飬ԺвʱֳղŵĻ档
ջҲʱػĶߡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôһòеΪҹɣǾҲûðҹȻǺ۾Ķ֣
˰죬ڰ಻סһν˴֮У뿴ôˣǲɱģῴһЩÿĶһʱɬչޱȡ
棬컡
סӣɻ֣Ϊʲô
оΪǵûмвͣǿļϸؿȥֻҶϣһϵӿ˹ȥƺһϵ
ϵ̫Ѫñ֮ǰŨǿˣ
ʱףԭ˵ģҶĲǵΪΪҶ㷢ЩʲôҲΪ
ƺ֪ڿӣҶĶૣһ˵ĹǣСܵܣ㰮ˣ
糺һڣ˻Ƭ̲֮ס͵
Ҷͣش߶ԺеķɵϵϵԽ࣬ΪǿԽ࣬߶ҲԽǿɱ۾İվ͸
ɵͣزϵӿڵ̫Ѫȫϡ
֪ܲܰڶܹڶǻĻϺܶࡣ
ֹ˰СʱҶƺ˼¡
ḧҶؿڣҶĶ˵Сܵܣ˯ɣһоͽɡ
ͻȻ䣬ҶоһϮһ֪仰ʲô˼òҪһ˺ͺ۾ԿɣƴҪסµſ콹Ҫ鲻Ҫȥ˵ܿԺس˯˹ȥ
Ҷһ£վûд·վڵϣʵĹ͸ճΣ̧ͷһӶĺ۾бŷȻɱ⡣
ҶԱߣԻñƯӨӨİ׹⣬һֻβèӰ˳ǰꡣ
ڿУӨ˫һ۵ϵҶֿ˿顣
ãллңȻ޵ط޷˯ȥһЦȴһ˿Ȼ
ľô𣿡öдǣȻӦԻñҶԻ裬һֱʮһ̣ҲĸԸˡ
ΨһĻᣬɱֻ۾СܻܵܲĿҶϣ漴ֱޱȼᶨԺչ
תȥıӰ;ԶؿӡڰԺС
۾˾ӨΣ˳ɫƤë
ʱӴ˽
׼ôҰһ߶ɣ˵
ҡҡͷһЦأֻ̫Ѫܹ߶ʮ֮ǰ޻ʱ½ٿķңսǴ߶ΨһĻᣬֻǲ֪ҵΪ
ո֮ջҶҲΪڴ߶֮ǰһΪ


504 ߶
Ҳ̫Ѫ˵Խٿط̸ң
ҡҡͷҵΪǿҲûʲôմ߶˵ˡ
ɣģ˵һļأҪ񺣾̫Ѫѵǿ߲ܴ߶ǿд߶ð˼Σա
ͷؿһҶֿˣʹҸСܵܰɣܹ߶ѪܹչˣҲͷˡչɳͨһȻźܶĲᣬ޷ˡ
ҧűݣʹؿ飬ףΨһĻˡ
ҡе˵ͷ
ӦչһЦлл㡣һ׼ףֱǰȥ
ıӰˮۿʧ
һһ߽ͻȻâΧֲ׵̫һҫ۶ĿӰû׹֮С
׽֮УǿȻʱƣлԽԽ겻
Ǻ۾ʱشϷӹһƬ޴ǵͷ
۾ʱẳһ׽صĽƣŴܱߵ꣬۾ϵƽ˸ԭļ󣬵Ⱥ۾ȫָ֪᲻ͻ׽صĽơ
Ȼǧǰ׽صĽֵܹסǿߣѾ統ˡ
䣡۾צʱغƬϡ
Ʋͣضҡ·ʱ
۾ӡ
ܶ˲µǣһȥЩطˣҲûϣˡ
ƴ׼ӦһսȻ֪ҲҪӢ۵ս
ͻȻ׽봫һҵ𶯣һ޴״Ӱߴʮף־Ų㣬ɢϽɫѤĿ
ʲô
׽棬ΪλͻȻһ״壿
״ӰϣΧһˮͰ׳һŨϵ˳ȥɢǿѹϢ
һ顢Ǹ˽׽֮󣬱һֱûгʲô飿״Ӱʲô
֮ǵ
̫ϳϴ߶֮ǵ
ЩһʼǿǷ׷׾鼤ܲѡ
֮ǵ
֪ʲôôЩһʼǿ˷ܵ飬жһϣܹɱǿֲĺ۾
ֻϣ׵绷ƣÿһ׵֮У̺ܣأ׵ԽԽǿҪһ㣬һɾ紵׽˶̧ͷ
Уִĺ۾ͻȻֵӰʶΣգŤͷӡ
ߣǴ͵ĳɫͷ­ŭһ
۾Լٶȳӡ
ͻȻâţһֲìһ׵磬ݡһ۾˳ȥ
׹Ⱥ۾ٶҪö࣡
䣡
գۼ䣬һ׹ں۾ĳϣ۵һ۾ĳ׹ϣѪ
׹ŨȻʵʣޱȣ
۾ҽд·׹䡣
ˣ
ˣ
׽ǿһƬڣҪ֪۾ǽ񺣾ĴڣȻһ˳ͻȻӮϣɫǰδеܡ
ɱ
ǿŭţ˫Ŀ죬Уִ˿̹ǵĺ⡣
ౡһһ׹۾
ۣ
׹⽫۾۾ؿڳһټѪǺɫصۼ׹֮мֱһ
۾ͷͬʱĲҽϵͼӳĹΧ
׽ϣǵ׵磬ͷſֲܣһ޿ƥеĸо
ǿ
Ǻ۾ϾҪˣ
һɱ
ǿȫûſĺ۾еԵĿ⣬׷ź
ûע⵽ǣÿκһ׵磬ΧƵ׵ͻټ֡
֮УеԼڷɿţɡҧһһδ߶ֻоǰԽԽģͷһ󷢿գҪ֧Ųסˡ
ģУֻ۾
Уһ㣬һҪס
Сܵܡˡ
ݺݵҧԼϣͷԻָһ˿ԼǱܣĹ
䣡һ׵ں۾ϣ۾ŭζ廯һŽ̿צ˺üֻ
һκǺ۾ȻɵڵأĻҳٶˡ
ˣ
ɵʵɴ۾עͷµĺ۾һвһλá
ˣ
Ƭ֮׽е˱һ󻶺֮ÿ˶˼ˮ
ǻˣ
ǵܹȥˣ
׽׹֮Уһ޳ˤ˳ڵϣ˫Ŀգֽ촽ϱҧһѪۣһõ壬ʧȥɫȻô
ǲ԰׵գҶľǱ˺ѿһ㣬ʹ
ֻһᣬֻôݵһӾѹˣȻѹѾ֮С
Ҷг˰ûڣӦֹȥðյģ
㣬Ҷ鱧ڻУߺϵؽϵע棬ȻʼûѵļԽԽ΢
оѸŵҶ絶ʣ뵽ĵЦݣҶˮģߡ
ҲҶɤͳ˻ƣԺеķɵزǷɵͻȻҫ۵ĺɫâڵһ㣬ӿ顣
Իñ龲Աߡ
Իñ֮Уεİ꿴״Ҷкˮ
ڣǲǴˣ૵˵š
һɫӵϸ˹Ȼһ̾㷢
ǣҲôġ䣬̫Ρ
ڣûа취һʣϣؿŰϸ
ˣսԻñУһϸ̾Ϣһ
һԣղ԰׵ؿ飬ﲻϵйص֣ˮ˳žջ
ҶƾӿסһϢȴԽԽ΢
һ̣ҶףһŮˡ
欣֣ΪĵһŮˡ
ȻݣȻԼȡһ
ˣһҶԭԼ
ʱԻñɵϿգһ׹к¡


505 Ҷľ
Ҷ磬㽻Ұɣ˵ܾ㡣ҶĶ
ֽ˿飬Ҷۿ죬ص˵ͷֻסһϢǲʵʩΣʱȥ
Ҷ˿һֻ׹֮У建Ư𣬽Իñ֮С
Իñ֮УҶʹرϣܹа취Ȼ顣
׽֮⣬һʼǿ˺۾Ϸ
Է鿴ģ˵Ȼ׽֮еȴǵϢ
ӦѾˣһһʼǿýŲ˲Ⱥ۾ʬ˵
۾ɢ˸ͷһкüֲĴ󶴣ȫ׵ƵһƬڣɫѪһء
ãһǿߺݺݵصһź۾ĳɫͷ­
Ӧãһǿҧгݵ˵İƷ鱦һնȥ
Ʒ鱦Ǻ۾һͷ­ϣһ죬޷һۡ
𣡡ͻȻ֮䣬һֲĵͺ𣬺۾ǳɫͷ­ͻȻ̧ſѪڣǸǿȥ
û
ʣǿɫ䣬תܡ
۾ǿųɫͷͻȻ죬³һֲĻ棬ǿû
۾ĵȶֻҡҡλεطǼ󶴿ʼϣצӺͳҲʼس˳
۾û
Ȼһθˣѵǲ֮
׽ĸǿߺȻؿֻ۾г˿־壬Ҫôɱֻ۾
ûָɱ
ֻϵǿ߲ܴ߶̫ϳΪǿд߶ѾˣƬ֮һǱߴһ˳ʹϢ
۾ˣΨһܹ߶ȴˡ
׽еٶ˾֮У֮ǰľ
Ҳû취
ѵ޷ѵ
۾ĵͷ­Ҳس˳ɳԶܱ֮߷УŭĺȻΪŭڻָ֮ǰʱٽ֮ˡ
ǣǲưոݵģ
һܵôص˺
Ҷվڴ֮Уֻ۾ɳ֮ǣҶȭͷָĴٳѪչɳͨսҲΣڵϦ˳𲻱ĲΪˣ
һҪɱǺ۾
Ҷг˷ŭһս
ݽҧ´аһȻ֪δ߶һҪĳԡ
ҶǱ뵽ӡС
ʨүңҪʲôķܻɱֻͷɻħҶе˵Ǻ۾ǽ񺣾ĳڣҶԴҲûκΰ취
ҶСӣľ̫ˣʨүεص
ʨүˣʲôܸʲôĴۣҶԸ⣡ҶصʨүҲûʲô취Ψгȥһս
취ҲûУǷǳΣգпܻʨүĬȻã㻹ǾҪһ𣿡
ǵģҲҶ۾һᶨ˵
Բһмַ㰲ȫ뿪ʨүȰֻӳ֮ǣǾͼ򵥶ˡ
ӳȥִ½׷ɱǣ֮ǱǵҲһ٣ңһͷβųΪѴҶһ˿Ȼ֮ɫˣΪһս
ҶСӣȻˣʨүҾ֧㣡ΨһĻᣬǽʨүҳΪĻޣʨүɫص˵ڵʵҪʨүҵʵ̫ˡ
Ӧô
һ֮ǿһ£յһ⻹ԶԶ޷סʨүҵ㽫ᱬɹʽɡ
ˣֻɵĳɹʣ
ڱҲˣҵϻжǿʱҽֻǽһ˿ݸѣڣҪеפ壡Ȼܿס󲿷֣ɢȥģҲ㱬
ɵĳɹʡҶĬȻƬ̣֣ص˵Ըһԣ
֮ǰ߶ɵĳɹʶûУˣ
뵽δ飬ҶмᶨֵԼЩʲôˣ
׽ʵ̫Сˣ޷йһһЩɹʡʨүһµ
ʲôҶʵڲʲôҪһԡ
ʨүҶ˵˼䣬Ҷüͷ
ҹ۾һ֮С֮ǰչ㣬ֻܱǸˣҪԼչ˺Լ峺Ҷ˵
Ҷ̧ͷؿһû뵽ѡʵ֪δ߶
֪߶Ҫһĳط֮ǰûнطңǲôһҪһԣ
ҶҡҡͷνѾˣ޷ֻ۾ɱֻİ취
İ취𣿡ȻؿҶ
Ҳ֪ܲܳɹ˵ǻҪһԣҶ̧ͷգɱȻ
̧ͷҶǸգ֪˿κһַпܻḶۣҶԸһоԼıһ¡
ܸʲôۣҶ㣡˵
Ҷ΢΢ͷǳȥɣ㣬һҪ˵İ
ҶֽԻñյУսԻñ飬㣬һҪȥ
Իñ飬Ȧֺˣǿסᣬɫøᶨ
Ҷһ𣬳ȥ
֮Χ۾ϵϵظԭţм֮ʵ۷֮ʱѷɫ˺ܶ࣬ҺŴл꣬Ѹٵزܡ
۾ͣſ֮̽Ǹλ꣬ϵۿüٶȻָš
ʱ֮ʵľͷȻһɫ磬һɫӰ糯߷Ӷ
տɫף͹µչ¶ţǾµգüۣһ˵޸߹ֳֺꪣһ̤Ů
̨籣
̨籣벻ȻҲˣ۾Ǹɫͷ¸µĹЦˣʵܹսʤ𣿡
ǻ֪ڱȷѡ񣡡ɫͷڤص
ûлȥĻˡǸɫͷԼ࣬Ŀ¶Ѫײ֮⡣
̨籿ǰȻͷɻħ۵ױһƬ纮˪صұûлȥĴ㣬Ҳһ°ɡ

Զţʡȥһ˱ˡ
һеˡ
ͷ۾ɺһƬͬʱɭɭЦ⡣
̨ûٶ˵ʲôꪣңңָ۾Ȼʧٴγֵʱ򣬱Ǻ۾ߣеꪳ۾ȥ
۾Ǿ޴ײ˹ȥ
¡¡
ʹóΪ֮ǸưܣƬĶϱڲԫ˷۳


506 ںϣ
׽֮С
ĸǿͻȻо˾ҵ𶯡
ʲô飿
쿴Ǳߣ
˵Ŀ⳯Զʿȥ
ֻ۾һƶľͱݣһɫӰǰԵøϸȻССӰȴǺͺ۾˼սʱʱú۾ŭ
Ǹ˭
Ą̊́籣۾ԾϳǵɫӰغ
˲˺ϣ̨ܹ۾ɱȻףϣǳãǼʶ˺۾ǿչɳͨ춼ˣ֮ǿ޷۾ɱ̨籿ҲǺ۾Ķ֡
ҶСӣǺСҲˣҪˣȻǺС˱ɣʨүӡ˵
Ҷһ̨米£
ʱýȡ
һ취пܹɱ۾ҪҵЭҶǿߣ˵
ҶĻڳĸǿ߶ĿͶעҶϡ
ҹֵܾ˵ֻҪܹɱ۾Ǹǣ
һʹһ˿ܻҶĿɨˡ
ֻҪܹɱ۾ʲôҲҪ˷׷˵˶Ѿ˱ľġ
ˣջǵˣ
һеҶۿҲ΢ΪػһȺ˶޺ˣ
ãҶɫ֣صؿ˵Ҫںһ̫ǿҵ޷ܣҪйǿԼһˣйٶȻ죬ܻδǹںϣ㱬ˡˣҪҰҽУкܶ˿ܻұѡ񡣡
ǿʵҹֵܣɹĸж٣
ɹںϣжĿܹɱ۾
ںϳɹĸʲɣɹܹɱ۾ҶսԶ۾Ӱбâ
׽г˶ݵĳĬ˶ü˼
ȻҹֵԸðգ
ɵĸʣ㹻ˣ
ԣһɻĸʶûУ
ҹֵܣ²˳٣쿪ʼɣ˷׷վҶǰ
Щ飬ҶоǱʲôסһ㣬֣ʨү˵Щкܶ˻
ҾͿʼˣʱ䲻ˣڶݵ˸֮ҶƬ̱侲
ã˵ͷ
ҶӡУʨүʼɣ
ֻУӡƯֻһ֮ңâ䡣
ǸӡΧĿתؿţöӡӦþҶ˵ˣôֲ
ƿӡһƿӡʨүпƵڳ˶Ҷӡ֮󣬽ӡеСĶش򿪣ʨү
ವһֻʨүһϻͨҶƽҶڡ
˲ʱ䣬ҶоһɳȵĻ棬һ·ĳɨ˹ǹȵҪڻһ㡣
ˮһ㲻赲Ҷһȼܵɫ棬գۼ䣬ǹɿֲѾӿȫҶ˲ȫɫûˡ
˷·ɫ·
Ҷǿ˵ʹʹüŤѸٵϻӿƵ֮
֮һʼƺ˷ܵͻǿƬ̼㣬ϻˣٶһֱбΣա
Ҷֹͣ˶֮ϵش߶еľתǹԺеķɵҲǲϼӿǹϻںϡ
⻹ԶԶյٶȻ̫ϻҶںɨ˵ʹ
·Ҫϻڻһ㣬Ҷ̲סʹ߳
ҶСӣŵ㣡ʨүҶĶ
ҶоԼ浽ʨүӿȵ·ʱըһ㣬뾡콫йȥֲ˶ˣ
Ҷ۾ϻյͨ죬ſ˫ۣڵйҶĿʱȵϢɫĻһȼܱ˳ȥ
ǿǾõ˼ȻؿҶÿµ
Ƿ·ԶŵϢвɵòһĤݵ
һйȥ֮ҶһЩԶԶ
һ˵ٶȻ̫ˣҶĿ⳯ǰЩ˿ȥ
һܹɾ˵Щ˰ҶйϻͬʱҲܹΪãΪõȵתΪԼͻᱬζ
ܵҶĿ⣬¶ɫ׷ǰ
ȣ
ȣ
Σգʨүϵʵ̫ˣֻһ㣬Ҳúܶ˱
׽֮еĸǿߣԸǰ֮Ǹˣûһث֡
һʼǿסϻϮִҶĺ󱳣Ҷڵͨй
ǿֻһӴҶ壬һɿɲܽڣæ͸йȥ
ʵ̫ԵǿᣬйٶԶԶϲٶȣƬ̣Լﵽ˼ޣ¶ʹı顣
һòջ֣˳
Ǹǿǰ˼Ԥ׵غȻըˡ
ҶǸǿ߱ʹɫ
˼״΢΢һ£Żһ
ǵڶߵҶǰü֮һ˵ļᶨ֮ɫ
֣Ҷļϣʱһˮһڣֳʹ֮ɫ
ҧסǹǵʹƴҶڵйȥ
ܿأҲ˼ޣǿš
ߣҶһ˳ȥ
ǣȷʵˣֻѸٵĴڶֻоΪãܸõذҶ
С㶼ˣЩүǣȴĵ
һڻħһǿҶ֡
ЩÿһҶȥһ֣ȷʵ˲Ҷܵѹ
ڼ䣬ʱΪܲסϻ
ҶЩΪԼȥг˳ʹ
ǹϻĳ֮£ҶоԼȫĸѨһһ򿪣Ϊϵ
أ
أ
أ
ϻûֹͣʨүϹʱڵĳڣֻǼСһɢͼΪˡ
ҶоԼԺҪŵըѵﴦҲΪǾϻš
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أ
أ
أ
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507 ʨȭ
Χĸǿ߿ҶһšҶںϵʵ̫ǿˣոҶһضѣգۼΪﵽһ޷󼰵ĸ߶ȡ
κҶǰҪȻʧɫ
չȥֻҪҶܹɹںȷʵлɵǺ۾
ǿ߶ᶨɫذҶǿµ
һʨһֻͨȼɫľ޴ʨĹӰҶֶ
ϻϴ֮£ҶоԼ巢˼ɱ䣬ڵ֮ϻȫںһҶĺ󱳽ֳһʨ˸ϻ𣬹Ӱת
ǹ궯ϻȻûƽϢҶֻܽǹкȥ˰Լ
УʮŸΪ޷ϻǻ
棬ЩҶϻ˾Ͱȫ˺ܶ࣬ΪҶǿֲϻѾƽϢ
ھʹϴ֮ҶΪԼҪˣû뵽ԼȻ̥ǣ·һ㣬ȫֲĻԵҶоԼʨү໥ϡ
ӳеɫǱ
ʨүڳΪҶĻޣҶӳһͻᶯʨүһҶԽʨүٻսȻٻʨүʵܵơ
һĻĻӰҶԺ֮Уһȭ
ʨȭ
Եޱȣ;׵ȭһȭԺأ
ʨүϻĴ߷֮£ҶоԼõ˼չֻǿһۣʨȭ㱻ҶԺ֮С
춦ħҲҶһͬϻϴ񣬱ñǰΪǿ
͵컻ա񾳷طҲµ򣬳֮⣬Ҷĵڶγɡ
ǳڶأǳ
֪ڶܹǿ󵽺̶ֳȣҶоԼȻֻصΪƾʨүǿֲӲ񺣾Ҳȫû⡣
ʨүΪĻִ֮Ҫͻʨүķ˵ԼҲǷǳѵġԼһʨү˵ͨĵڶ򣬾Իƣ
ҿʨүҿˣСסˣڿԴӡطˣϧں϶еͣʨүֻ֮ܶһȻһ㣬ͱˡԸ񺣼ģӦǴ´ˡʨү΢΢һЦΪҶĻ֮ʱԳ߶ֻҪѹȻҶΣա
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ҶСӣǲЩɻʨүҵʲôʵʨүһЦɣȥԪ½ʨүҲһӡʱ䣬ʨүѾͻƵսʶף
񺣡սʣ
񼶱
ʨү˵ȷʵûսʼԪ½ȻһĴڡ
ԭʨүȻôǿҶ𾪵Ըӡ
Χǿ߽ŵؿҶںϳɹ
д˰Ҷ˶Щ޷ǹˣʣµһֻڿֿǹɱŰҪΪԼ
ҶΪģһǿΧɨ˳ȥ
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ҰɣҶܳ˵
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Щ˵޷ںʨү
ҹֵܣһҪɱֻ۾
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ҹֵܣˣ
У
Ҷ̧ͷԶ̨类ڸ۾սʱΣա
ᣬҶһöڵһ㣬ڿն𣬳սļȥ
ҹֵܣأ
׽ĿҶĶҶϼеϣ
Զ֮У̨۾ڷսǺ۾Ķ֣ڽڽڰ֮Уϵİ籵ֵס˺۾һֹҲ۾Ϊɵˡ
أ۾ľβϵ˦̨籡
ǹɿֲĳ֮£̨籲ϺˣܵˮϵҲϱɢ˳ȥ
۾β֮ʱ̺һ˿񺣵ֻһ˿Ҳֵ̨ܹġ
̨ۣһѪڸղŵսУѾ˺صˡ
̨籣츳ȷʵȻ̵֮ʱｫڶȫգչ鲻ǵĶ֡Ը˳ִǵǿԷһ·ĺһ壡۾ĳɫͷ˵
Һһ˳ִֱǳΣΪҲ֪ʲôǲôħѣй˳ǵĵʯ̨籲ǵѪֳֺꪰȻսȻ
ߺߣȻ֪ˣǾ㲻ãԭٶһᣬڿûҪˣ۾ͷͬʱ棬̨籺ȥ
ȼգޱȣܽһȫڻ
ʱ򣬵ڶ򸽴һ˿̨˹ȥ
̨ͷųڶͼ۾ԿƬ֮䣬㱻ѹ޷
۾ĵڶʵ̫ǿˣ
̨籶ʱ޷ѣ̧ͷȥֵס۾Ļ棬ҲҪˣʱǺ۾Ķ֡
̨ͷȥη壬ֻһ˲䣬ԺܶͷйĸĸףйˣйҶ
ЩΪвĥӡǡ
ۿ漴̨籣ʱһӰؼЮһǿĵڶײ˹صһ죬۾ĵڶײöҡһ¡
Ҷವһ̨籵ӹ̨˹
Ҷɨһը˷
̨΢̧ͷȥȴһİ
ңҶҶͷ˵
̨֪ҶԸıòһ˿죬еţҶȻô̵ʱڴʼͻ˵һ˵ڶ򣡾Ǻѷɫˣ
ٶȣʵ̫ˣȴǲ֪ҶܵϺǰİڵĵһֺʨүںϣڵʵ
ǿڲ࣬Ͼϸ룬ٴξ˺ꪡ
Ҷ̨֮վĺ۾ȥ
۾ͷ߿˹
һģ۾ĳɫͷſ˵
Ȼһ˵ڶġҵĽɫͷ˵΢΢Щȣʲôʱ򶫴½ðôڶǿˡ
û뵽˵ĵڶ򾹲ѷɫ𣬲ȻˣɱǻǲܣɫͷڤĿɭضҶ
ͷԣ˸˵ĺ⣬ĿҶ̨籵ϣ̺޾֮ɫ


508 񾳷
ִϹΪǱͷĹͿԺ޼ˣͿִˬˣȻȥʲôִҶŭһڶǳת
۾·ʲôΪЦ飬췢ĴЦ֮ǵʵҲҿڳԡǸո˵ڶѣǴﵽ񺣾Ĵڣһв֮ҵҪôɱң
ߺߣ㿴ñˣҶһɹӿ֮УڻˡϬѪߡţӥϣ
ʨүں֮ҶѾܹش߶ˣܹܹٻֻޣڵҶܹٻڻ˺Ϭ֮⣬ٻѪߡţӥ
⼸ֻ޸ҶһصĴڣͷųǸԵĵڶ
ʨү˵ڽ֮صص׵λʣҲпһλսʼĴڣ֪
һӳֻڶ򼶵ޣ£۾ȥ
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ֻڶ޴з䣬۾
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̨׼۾Ծû뵽ҶͻȻٻֻΧ۾ֵؿһҶ
ЩǴٻģȴһɣϢϢҶ̨籣΢΢һЦ
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׽֮УңңսģȻֻޣΧ۾һдſϲ
ֻ޶ǳҹֵٻģ
̫ǿˣֻ޶ڶ򣡡
ͻȻһ˿ǿҵ˵Ҷܹɱ۾
ҹֵܣΪ޻ʱ¡չǰɳ峤𣡡
ƺǵźһ㣬ڻ˵ֻ޷˸ӷĹơ
ɵڶвͣײȻ۾Ϊǿ󣬵ͬʱôڶҲе
ڶ֮еһжѹƬ
۾ſ³棬Ϭˣ漴ţԱߺǼţǡۡһ˺۾ĶϣֻͷͬʱһĲҽһѪ
۾Ȼǿ󣬵֮ǰչ롢ɳͨһս˲ʵֱ֮ǵأûȻֱָֻڶľΧеֵסˡ
۾񱩵ŭͨȼɫĻ棬벻ڻˡϬֻ޳ײ
ʱѸٵţ֮Ҫֳʤȴô򵥵ġ
һ־սΧذ˷ֲͺҹ
һ죬죬졭
սҹ֮󣬺۾ڽţɱ˵ʱ򣬺۾Ѫߺӥɱ˵ʮ죬ڻ˺ϬҲɱ
Ǿʮʮҹļս۾¶˿ڣܶ˿ڻָˣָֻ˷Ѿ۾Ǳڵʮߡ
۾ˣ񱩵ŭ
Ҫɱǣ۾ͭĴͨһƬݺݵضҶ̨籣޲⣡
ʮʮҹҶ̨籶Ѿָ״̬
۾ʵֻ۷һ붼
Ҷһ̨籣ԣֵˣҶ߶ʨүһ϶ʱȼ˵ɫ档
ǿֲ󲿷ںҶһֱұϵ֮ա
̨籺Ҷһۣ۾ųĿɫ⣬սȻʮ֮ǰսܵͺˣҹսʮ죬Ժ۾ĹѾȫ˽⡣
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Ҷȭͷ۾ȥ
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أҶ̨籺ͺ۾սɵڶײ
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䣡
۾ĵڶһ˿ļ
Ҳţôܣ۾ŭĵڶȻҶĶ֣
۷ڣ۾ĵڶԿѹҶϾ۾ѾһЩ񺣵Ҷյڶûöѡڣ۾ʮʮҹļս֮ΪѾҶ̨۷״̬
Ҷܳһ޴ʨӰǾ޴ǰƺĻں۾ĵڶϣǿֲ۾⵽ƻ岻ͣط
ʨүȻǵڶҲֻ赲һ֣ȫ͸˽ȥں۾ϡ
ͨޣѱѹȣѹ˷ĩ۾Ҳǿ˼£Ҳֻǽشѡ
۾Ҳû뵽ҶȻ֮ǿĶԿ֮УٲȻѾ·磬겻ѡ
ȥɣ۾ͷ³Ҷ˹
ӭҶбâ˷һȭ˳ȥ
ʨȭ
Ҷһȭһ޴ʨӰǰ˳ײһ𣬺һը١
ͬʱҶʹ񾳷ɢһҶһģһӰƾճ֣˷̨࣬һ𽫺۾Χм䡣
һҺΣ۾ŶҶмغߵһʵֻбɣ
ҶͬʱһĨζЦݡ
̨յҶĻ֪ҶķڲͬʩչҲȫͷԼĵڶεؽ۾Χס
ҶͬʱͷųڶǳУʮ˿Ӵǳתնȫڵһɾ޴˺Ű۾
ʮ˿ǳγɵ˺֮ſǳʱǿ࣬۾ĵڶɿµǰݿһ㣬˲䱻ơ
ʲôⲻܣ۾ɫ䣬ôҲ벻ҶķǿתҪͻƳȥȴ󷽵̨ס
۾ʵ۷ڣ̨򵲲סѾƣߣҪͻ̨籵򣬶ʱ첻


509 ɢ
ź۾ʧȥķҶһһӣħӺɶڿѸٵػ׸ߡֱʮ׿ĳӣź۾ѹ¡
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˹֮ħѾҪҩͿתˣǲǿҶɫһݣһӣǧγɵĿֲӻسħӺȥ
⻹Ҷһħѹ۾ĳڡ
ħӵõ֧֣£صһ·ɽ֮ϡ
Ҷ̨һۣӰѸٵطϣһһƲϵغӱϡ
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ħڲĺ۾ʱغͬţԽͣħеѹסͣز
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Ҷ̨˿ͣЪĻħӵӱڣĺ۾ʵ
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ҶСӣɵòˣʨүʡ
ףҶ֣ص΢΢ͷʹõҩħӡ
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߶ӿ϶ҪĲصΪҲȫģƾһӾͽѹֱǳΣ۾ħӣмֵ⡣
ͻȻ֮䣬Աһڸ߰׵ľ޶ײ˹
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춦гȵĻȼ
۾ҽͣײ춦ҪȥǱС춦仯ǺɫĻ𲻶壬ںɫ֮£彥һ˿ڻļ
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Ҷһָ춦һɽ֮С
ˣ̨籿һǿ춦Ҷ춦֪һЩģû뵽춦۾ôǿĴҲսȥ
ţˣΪ˷ֹܳҪһҽƳɵҩ㰲ȫҶ۾̫ǿˣҴ⡣
Ҷϵش߶һͬ춦
춦ǺɫУ۾彥ڻ
ҡڤĽһ㡣
֮нֳ͵ӰԵüΪƽ̧ͷ·ܹ͸춦Ҷһ㡣
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͵ĻҶһݣԺ󻹻ʲô˼
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׽֮УսƽϢмӴһЩǿ߽׽ֺ֮̽۾ѾҶѹ춦У׽֮жʱ󻶺֮
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ǵۿ֮ˮվԶȥΰ֮ȻΪһƬ棬ӢսֻʣٶˡǴĶϱڲԫƺһ衣
ɳͨ졢չ롢סī֪顭һӡǵУЩ˽ǡ
ǿԶҶ̨籣˵Ӱ޸ߴ
֮ϿյƽɢȥһƺͶ֮ǵķϣǶѵǽǣһ֮šһƬĶϱڲԫ֮Уƺһ˿

۹ִܲ
ʵĳǽϣѲߵִߡ
󲿶ȥ֮Ǻ۶ܹʣ¼ʮǿߣһ˶ͶִĸǿߣԷǷѣִǿ˽䱸
վִ̫ϳϵѲųǳء
֪֮Ǳôˡ
λӦúܹ֮ܿǣʱִһͳ½λʵһܴǰԪ½̫ϳЦе˵ִʵ̫ϳϣλǰȥ֮ǣĿǰ۶ʵǿˡ
˴Ļ˼죬Ҫ˵ǰԪ½ôҲֲǣǵΪܹ񺣾磬϶Ϊִӣһץʱ
ҩˡἸҲվڳǽϣһ˿ǣ֮ǵֵסִĽǾܹ赲ִϼһˡʱ䣬ҩǺ鱦ĵִ֣֮ϼһȻһħħɴѸΪҪִʤˣǱȻͿ̿
ǿǱߣȻ˾е
Է׷׳ֻңԶʾͷһɸߴ׵ĺХӿһ·ɨһжǺХû
Ǻ
ˣ
ȫԱ䱸ɫһ䣬һ廹ǵ죬ҳλڣǰִĴӪ
һ´ִִǶŵæµ
ҩ˺ῴԶӿĺХ۾Լͬһۣ΢΢˵ͷȻڷȥ
ҩ˺ڿУȺס
ҩǵִ£Ϳ̿飬ҩеɱ
鱦ִ
۶ʱҩǡ鱦ĵִĵչ˼ҵĻսִǱҲһЩҩǡ鱦ߣҲһ˳Ϊִʵ߹Ԭ塢ȵȡ
ҩˡᣬǾȻұִɫŭ
ִͿ̿飬˵ö֮ҩĿ־⣬նȥ
Ҳִ̫ϳϷ˼ҵս
һʱ䣬۶Ĵǻս
¡Х޿赲֮ƺ۹۶ĳǽĺźХˮһӿ˵۶֮УսΪң⽣Ӱʬء
ִе򣬺ǱҲټ۹ĸ۶ҳһƬܶʱ޷ֱǵѡ
Һһִ֮߲ɱ˾վںХ˴ȡ
ССһ壬ҲԽִ
ಣִǱ߼̫ϳն𣬳˾վȥ
䣡һɹɵһײ
ذ


510 
ִǱмʮǿߣȻм˷ѳִҲռ˾Եơ
ܿأִѾѹס˺һ塣
ʱ۶֮⣬һ֧һ֧ӽӿ˳УִַĴ
ɱִ飡
ɱ
ЩԸһǿȥ֮ǣʣµⲿˣҲʼį˺һΧִж
õ߶ʧ߹ִģȥɣҩĿŭţһ߶һ
ҩˡᣬΪƾЩϺзвִߣ־ܣϷʱλʾһȫʬһָӺ󷽵һǿ߽ҩ˺Χס
һ塢ҩǡ鱦ֻʮǿߣִǱȴʮ߸ʮǿߣִԺɨ
ִĴʼȫķһҩǡ鱦ȼڽڰˡ
λǾ͵ųִŭɣſЦ
ʱܶеǳˮ
һڴͨ½ִҡڤѱҹ̨籸ɱӰǳˮϣûдɴѸ棬漴һ˿ʹ֮ɫ޻ʱ¡չɳ峤ս
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гҹʲôˣĪɽ֮еľǿߣִλȻֽǻɱ
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ִеҷȫ𣬴Ѷ
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ҩǡ鱦һЩͽԬ塢ˣס

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ɱҩһ֣Щ˴ǰһĹִϧͬʹɱ֣ʵϧ
ۣͷ𣬶ЩͽǶȻġ
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ҹһ̫ϳ˾վͻȻ뵽ʲôĪҶ漴ҡҡͷȻʧЦҶʼΪô񺣾Ķ֣벻ǣҹҶ
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ԴԺ½ųҹĴ˵
ҹѾΪ˵֮Ķ½һǿߡ
˵ҹһ˼ߣΪѾﵽ˴˵е񺣾磬Ҳ˵ҹһֻǿޱȵޣִλûн֮ǰһֱɽ֮С
ܶ˶ڲ²ţҶʵ׵ʲô磬ǵг˳羴֮顣
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ӵƮҶɽУСһȺСèˮֱÿնҪ¿ӳûС
ľľ㵽һʲôأҶͷľ
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գգ۾һצöɫҩ
Ҷ΢ֶһöɫĵҩöɫҩǺ۾ɵģ̺һ˿֮Ҷ˵һ߻񺣡
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ʱһӰͻȻҶԶĵطԪ½ǿߣϺ
ִԾһսҿˡû뵽Ȼ޻壬һǴ˵еϻʨϺĿҶϣ̾ЦϻʨΪޣ⼴Ԫ½Ҳʮϡ顣ϻʨò˶þͿͻˡδĳɾͣԶ֮ϡ


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ҶһݣԼеһЩ뷨Ϻˡ
ѵҪҵڻ֮𣿡
ϺؿҶ̾ԪǶΣ֮УǨԪ½ҲȻпܻ
ǾԲҵ˻ЩǵֵܽõģҶ֣ص˵ȭͷΥԪ½һЩɷҶҲҪһЩ˶Կϧ
Ԫ½ǿ߶ţëкܶ۷弶ĴڣǵĶĿϺҶǼᶨȥĶӣƬ֮Ȼһ̾ҲǺް취
ʲô취Ҷ۾һϺʵ
취ǣ㾡񺣣ȻǰԪ½Ԫ½㿴һԪ½ɷ֪ˣַɷ֮£˴Ԫ½ϺַǷǳѵģֻʱ䣬֮ǼֻѪ׾ͻɳ񺣾ܲܳɹ͵ÿ컯ˡ
ѪײҪܳɳ񺣾𣿡Ҷ΢΢һ㶡
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㣬ֻСèԪֻСèں϶ȼߣ׵ڶ֮ܿҲڶ򣬵񺣣ӦҲˡһϤǸһţ̨籡ϺҶϵİ꣬Ц
Ҷͷһ۰꣬оԼ϶ԽԽߣһЩصķӦԻñ黹ѪͳѾʼڶˡ
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תߣҶһݣͻȻһֲԤУԼһɱһɶתһйϵԼֻѾˣò
һһֻ֣ȫڼ֮붫½ӵףûʲôǻֻۣе⣬ǣסǧ꣬ϾҪͻƵ񺣾磬һͻƵ񺣾磬
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Ҷҵ״̬֮Уǵ߷ǳճγʱʱһЩ׵ƲƮ
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ǿļһոս񺣾ôҶо̾ĪϢϹģ
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оҶĿ⣬峺Ҳؿ˹ףҶһӶ޷񺣾硣硢ĸĸ˺ܻܿ
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񵱳Ϻǿд߻ҶҶ񺣳ǵСһ顢ͨʨʮ½˵һ
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СİΣõˣҶ֪⡰һʱָʲôʱ򣬵Ǹʱ򣬹½ռ죬ûһࡢһֻޡ
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ʨүҪˡҶԶʨүںСĸʨǸԴӻصҶɽ֮ʨүСĸʨǱӡʨүʱʱشҶ󱳵İЩٶ˵飬ʨүҪҶ뿪ȥԪ½ЩСĸʨΪȴǲܸһȥˣʨүΪԹҲû취
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Ҷ΢΢üͷСһ㡣ԸоǸֵʵԲС̨籺ѷɫ


513 
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Ϻɨһˣص˵ͷЦѾˣϾҪȥԪ½ˣʲôʣʱ
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Ҷ༸˿ȥһϤӰ֮Уڵص¥֮йһ֮ԵϹ
Ϲһ򵥵İۣԵø䣬ĳԺӢֻڿУȴ͸¶һԵĸ߹֮ϵϢ纣һָĪĸо˸޷̽Ϊ
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ȻҶоһĿԼϣһ˿ȥǸŶʮ˵ĳ࣬һϽۣɢɢͷ֮Уһ԰׵ûκһ˿Ѫɫһ֮Уɫֻͫϸϸһ˿ߣ۾סʱ˲ظеһɭ
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ɱˣȥԪ½ʲô˼ǺĹͷ׳һ˵׺ݵ̨籡
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ȻҲѡ˳һѹرϺһһ޿ƥеϢѹȥ
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ʱǾ֪ˣҪǣƲ۵ϻ񳯣񺣾Ҳţëǿߣһǳвеλģϻһϯ֮أսʣһĴڣԪ½ܹһʮλսʣеսսͳ˧еԱɽͷյӣײβ񡣵Ԫ½۾һЩҪ˲ǵˣϺ˵䣬֮ǰҶɽʱͰӽȻͬ
ϻӵһϯ֮أҶզ࣬ҪԪ½кܳ·Ҫߡ
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Ԫ½յЩѪѾ÷ǳˣ߶ԴﵽһЩ޺۷Ⱥոճӵ񺣡Ϻƺ˵ɻ󣬵λδöꡢϻġ½ʱмλɴཫ½ϵȫĨɱΪǿ½˽ӵԪ½ֻԪ½ѪûӣµԣŸıǵľǲлǰԪ½
ҶһݣսȭͷǵǼλλԣǾȥԪ½ĻᶼûУ
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뺣֮УҶоΧԶ߮ŲٿµޣЩ;޴󣬳ˣƬƬȺι֮࣬ЩٶϵΪ
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λˣϺϺ˵ǶǶ½ﵽ񺣾ˣ˽Ԫ½ʸ񡣡
񺣾ĿԽȥһûдﵽ񺣾磬ܽȥǸͳ˻Ƶٶм
Ϻ΢΢һ㶣Ȼ뵽ʲôĿ⿴Ҷ
Ҷĳ֪λǿ˵˭黹Իñ֮Уϣû񺣾磬ԲܽԪ½
û뵽λǿԻñ֮е鶼ܸо


514 Ԫ½
ϺҲսҶԻñ֮У֮һսҲǿ˵ġϺ̧ͷǰ޾ĺڰصλˣԴû񺣾˽Ԫ½õһ
Σǿû˵
ǽȥɡһ˵
ʱֻǰĺڰ֮УһɵĴųǵǰһɹɿռĲΧŵΧ
ߣϺ˽ȥӰϡ
ҶӿٶȣϺΡ
ǰллҶĵصϺ˵Ҷûȥһڿ
Ϻ΢΢ףû˵ʲô
߸һƬɿشΧĺ֮УѤ룬ҶԸоڴԽԪ½Ľơ
һֱһƬ˽СʱΧĽȥ
Ҷ𾪲ѣԪ½ΧƵĺʵе㳬
Ԫ½Ľ֮߸ǰȻһƬ
ѾԪ½𣿡
ͼȥ鿴ΧΧһ㣬񺣵ʮ֮ϣڶ
ǵڶ񺣣ǿͷġ
һ˵ܵ˼
Ԫ½ıԵ򣬵ȵԪ½ǵܵѹƻԽԽ󣬱øͨһֻеСԪ硢Ԫ磬ǲܷʵϺü͵
ȫܵѹƣֻеʲôСԪ硢Ԫͷų֪ô½ѹ˵ģҶԪ½Ϊˡ
߰ɡϺǰȥٶ֮ǰ࣬ҶˣϺҲܵѹơ
ںţܿȥֻϷԼԼͶǷ峺ˮУѤõɺУıࡢɳϣŵâˮĸƮڸɫˮ֮УڲӿУһ½ĺ硣
Ͻ㣿Ҷǰ濴ȥֻһԼ׵ľ޴ϽͷϷιǳĴںˮƮһӦǸˣ
ҶһĪ𺳣һʮϽ㣬˵ѾǳˣϽƿöּƣ
Զȥһֻ޴ĺھζͳǧףſΧĺʱγһ޴У԰ټ˸ɫⳤһ׵ĴϺ˽ȥ
Զĺףһްﲻͣؿϣްһֱ׵˸ŶĿĹâ纣׵һһ㡣

Ҷ˿Ŀɿڴ⵽һʲô磡
Ƭ֮ÿһֻﶼǴ˵еϹ֣缸Ѿͨһ⣬ΪͿԱǡ
ֱۺı
ñǣǿȥºͣǿҲδظǣϺѵֻҪǲǣǲġ
ոǺֹͷ׳ߵ˵ҪϽ⣬Ϻˡ
Ǻֹͷ׳ӣ߽ԪɽǼҶ̨ߵúܽ˺ȻعһԭǻϹ󣬵Ϲᡣ
ϺĻӺԪɽɱϽͷ
СӺԪɽˣ̨ԽҶĶ
ףҲҪСġҶصȻԸоӺԪɽ˲⡣
Ҷ̨꣬籣ӡԪɽһ൱ġ
һƬĺ򣬳ƬƬĺףףһƬïܵԭʼһ㡣
Ҷڲתˮˮһһ㡣
˽Сʱ֮˺棬һƬ̲
һϰҶظоԪ½ϵȶ½ҪŨ֪٣µϢ˲ɾһ񡣲񺣵ѹҲԽôˡ
ǰȥֻԶɽǺԵľźԶƽ̹ĵ·ݺᣬرЩ·ָһһģе
Ҷ˶شȫµ硣
øһ㣬𵽴ߣԪ½˹ٵ֮⣬طȫ˽أ޹ʴ˵˽أص˾ȨǸɱϺ˳ź̲ߣǰһʯ̳ɵĴ㳯Ǳ˹ȥ
ϹƽظϺʲôҲû˵һɹϢת
ӺԪɽϹмּɵӡ
Ҷ̨ں棬һ·ȥҶٵ߿ȥٵ߹ȻϺ˵һ˽أЩ˽еֲɫͷףеһЩ߼ʮ׵ľ޴ޣЩʳݵģԵüΪ˳е޽׳ۻֺĽף糬Ǳһ㡣
ౣһЩ;޴ķ֮ÿһֻչϣѲءǴϿӹʱһǿѹǸܵ˼ѹ
Щ޿ٶϵģ
Ѿϻ񳯵ĵؽ磬ٵ߷ܹӵԼ˽صģϻ񳯵Ĺ塣ȼɭϣñЩ壬ܵصĳͷϺǰţ߽Ԫ½ɷƽʱ˵ҲҪעһ㡣ʲô˵ǲܶԪλλȻѾˣԪ½ȻϵĴڣǣԪ½ϵ˻ǣܻڡ
û뵽ԪǰԪ½֮ߣҶ뵽ص׵ĵص¥Ԫǰˣڵص¥ģֻԪǰһ
ڹٵнһСʱԶԶǰһǳأǳؿûʲôرĵط۹۶ҲΰȥǽѾǳϾˣ̦
Ԫ½ǿǶԣǽͬҲûʲô˼
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Ϻ˵ʥϻϵļǳ֮һȻЩû䣬ܳĴ£һЩɫʥȻϻڶʥ֮в̫۵һ
ʥܱߣʥɽۼ˼λǿߣһλһԣĳλսʵĵӡ
Ԫ½ʦͽϵһΪʦΪһǿߵһΪ֮ҪôսҪôɽͷյӡһ˭ʦ棬ᱻԪ½׷ɱʦͽϵԱȽȶĹϵ
ʥɽͷǿԼӵ˽صĹǳ࣬ǶʥǾصĴڣǾԲǵġ
ͨˣҪʥӵһ֮ǷǳѵģΪһסǳҪӰű࣬ûطסĻֻסʥﻧƶߣÿֻҪԪűҾҵһŵĵط
ϺǼ򵥽һ£˽ˡ


515 ǻں϶
ʥǵĽֵţ񺣼ǿߣǿ֮⣬ͨû̫Ĳ𣬽ֵ̯߰ģкܶȻǸи߼޵ȵȣ˾ƷƷ鱦洦ɼֵߵĵ̼ݻ컪ˮɵ澧Ө͸һЩƷƷ鱦ۡ
ԶУȫˮ죬ҫ£Ϲҫȼϻһ㡣
Ͻ߻ɫ۵ڽ߹ʱ˷׷עĿ˸֮ɫ
һԸֵµλʦ
ʦԪ½ǳ߹ְҵݱ֮Ԫ½ʦǵļѾﵽ˵Ƿ켫ĳ̶ȣһƷħս׿Ժɨʮڵǿߣһ׵Ʒħս׿ԺɨڵǿߣһƷĿԺɨʮڵǿߣħս׻ҪǿģսסսסһЩ͵սҲʦƵġ
δս֮Уʦսױսպգ޵дڵҲһλʦ
ʦϵΪ
Ԫ½еŮԶԼ޸һʦΪ٣ʦģǻҩʦˡһҩʦǲӵģܹƱԴ񵤵ҩʦ䱦Ĵڡ
Ԫ½ֻңֱԪűҡӰűҡħűҺϽűңһöԪűҵһöӰűңһöӰűҵһöħűңԴơ
ߵ˵УвޡԪ½ޡ޺֮䣬ѾദüΪǢˣȫ˱˴֮ᡣԪ½κһطɱˡ٣Ҫһеͥ֯УǸԪ½ɷ񳯵Ĺ巸ɷҲҪͥС
ΨһɱĵطСԪ硢Ԫսʽ硣
˵ЩطԪ⿪ٳģһһռ䡣
ϺĴ£˴ַĽֵһĹ㳡ϡ㳡봣һΰĵҶһ۱㿴˳Ԫǰĵʮ׸ߵĵ񣬸һׯ֮У˲Ȼ𾴡
ӦʥǵİΪ˼Ԫǰ̵ġ˵Ԫ½ĺܶǳжԪĵλԪ½ĵλɼһߡ
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½˶ûйأ֪½˸½ô
쿴ǺԪ½ҲټŮ
ҿֻʮβèҪǻΣ϶ҲŮ
ֻèôվСӵļϣһģ

ȺмĹ㳡ϣڷʮӣһװϣֻƽȴһֲŭλɢ
Щ룬һ׵ĿɨҶˣΡȻͬɽһ޿ƥ֮Сò忡Ϸȴһİ̺ۣԳְϡΪ־磬ͨ˸ܻºۼ̺ۿ϶ǱʲôĶ˵ġ
ܹʮ߸ÿһǵġ
ʮ߸ˣҶаԪ½ȻǿƣԪ½СԪ硢Ԫսʽ֮ⶼǰȫģǵǿҲɱˡ
ӭԪ½ҽܣʥǵĳ⼸λǸսִ¡мǸ׵쿪ڵܷԪ½Ĺؼ㹻츳⼸λսִ¿еĻлսõսпܳΪսǿߵĵӡԪ½ʮսÿһսԪ½ǳȻĴڣ֪ж˼ԴҪȥǵǰҪúðա
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Ҷ̨һۣжһ⣬˽ӽ˵̫ջˣ֪Щսʲôһ֯
ӺԪɽ˾лᣬǿ϶սģԪ½֮ǽеİԪ½ǿ֮Զǵżֱ
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Ԫ½ÿһոճ궼ǻԣǻں϶ԽߣпܻøΪǿĴСǻں϶ȴﵽһ̶ȣͻսע⣬õԴб
ǻں϶Ⱦһ˵츳ǻں϶ߵһȺˣøǿĴУ֮λ
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Ԫɽǰɫ͸һ쳣Ĳ԰ףĿ䣬ȴһǿҵĿšǻں϶Ⱦһ˵츳תÿһת츳ͻǿһ֣ߵĵȽףھͿ츳ΰɣ
ԪɽϺǰܺ͸սִ¹ؽܵ
ãǵһɡܳ˵ͷһֻಡһһȭͷСľɫӳԪɽ˹ȥǿӾӨ͸䣬Ԫɽɨǿ˵ز˵ĳصһ㡣
Ҷ˶мɻһžɫĹâ˵ɨ֪һ˵ǻںϳ̶ȣ
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ۣЩԸսִһ˿ʧǻں϶9ȻԣֵרһˣϾԪ½ټ
ǻںϳ̶ȴﵽ5ϣ磬ΪһǳеĹ壬ں϶20ϣлһں϶50ϣսʼΪԪ½һڣں϶75ϣܳΪ֮λ
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Ԫɽüͷ壬мֲźͲߣֻҪԼܹתܹߵľ磡һӶѣƾʲô츳
Ԫɽ֪ǣȻܻܾãԪ½㲻ʲôߵȵѪͳٻҲûá
һ˭Ŀɨʣµꡢϻġ½ϵ߽Ԫ½İţȻ⣬ϣ漸Уܹ˾޵ɡ
ɣһ̨籡̨ǰһһȪ˵ͷ˲Ϊ֮ģ˿̬һɫսף˵չ¶ţ޳˫ȱֱȳƣϸĽϴһĵüʤѩ


516 ֮
˪̨߰˲˵Ŀ⣬ΧеĺܶĿֳ֮ɫ
ǿ־ᶨȻͨһŮʧ񣬵ڿ̨籵ʱĿҲ¶һ˿͵飬ܿͻָ˹߶Ǿɫӵ̨籵ǰǲûֲԷʽӽǻᾧǸһӵһǻֻۣ޷ǵԡ
ҶĿǿžɫϣɫӾȻǻۣĪĳﲻɣ
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˭˵һҪȥսǺսҲкܶຣ塣һɫӵִһѺӣЦеؿ̨籣ڿһġ
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սִȻЩۺ죬ҲмΣΪսʺϺһĴбȽ٣սȻھϵҲǱȽŽģÿһλ츳õõ˵Ĺʶ̨֪籲ʺԼսûȥˡ
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ǻںϳ̶ȴﵽ72ǼΪţʥǵʷϣﵽ50ϵҲֻһλˣλȷʵ޳սʣѾսˡ̨ʥǵڶǻں϶ȴﵽ50ϵģȻ̨Ǹߡ
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һ˲䣬̨ѾΪеż񣬲Ļ̨籽ΪʥǵĴ˵
ӿ̨籣Ŀһ˿񶾣ȴܿ˶һĹע̨籣ûע⵽ҶȴǸо̨籵ĵ⣬üͷ
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ǻںϳ̶ȴﵽ82㹻Դ֮Խͨ˸޷ǻںϳ̶ȴﵽ82ٶȻж죬ΪǶԣǳԼҳ㷹һ򵥡
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ʮս˷һԪսȷʾʮβèһ̫ŴУսлλʮβèǿߣԳΪĵʦ


517 Ҷǻں϶
ĿҶϣƬ֮󲻹Իñ漸λڵķԣ΢ЦܾҶȥģҶң
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ܱΧ۵۷׷ףкܶǱǵĹ壬жҶһЩۣһЩ
ǻں϶ȴﵽ70࣬ûսҲܳΪսʼĴڣ
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һ·һͬ˸ֿͲۣǵĶεϵҶϣһϺͷԹϤУνİ顣
бϣԲȱ仰ϸϸƷƺһֵ֮⾳ͨӶȻ仰ʲô̵̫ᣬڰ̨˾ȴ˵еġִţִš
գ̨籺Ͱ궼ҶȰ⣬̨ѡǺսѡԪս
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㲻صҡҶŵЦ̨类Ĺģ̨籵Ĳǰ˪
ôҪðգą̊́米ĬƬ˵
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䣡
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ĿҰ̨Ե˺ܶ࣬мŮɬƽ߸ϵӽȻֻ֪ͬӭҶҶж˼ϧ
һŮר飬ǱһŮ֮Ǿͻʵһˣҷǳ˳
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̨籵ĻҶ㵲ޱȣԼΪ˸ˣδҲ̫˴ֲˡ
ھݵľ֮ȻһǿҵĿϲŵصѾǺӵĸˣץ̨籵̨֣񾲵͸һĨЦ⣬ɢһ˿ĸԵĹԡ
šǺһŮˣʮ»̥Ҫꡣ̨ḧһԼȻƽ̹С¶΢ЦܹܵһСŬؼȡӪҶĺӣǱѾȫڻѾĸԵĴȰ
壬飬顣
̨籶ԵһЩµ򣬸оõһ
Ҷ˷ܵеɵˣȫ벻һ徹ʣֻظ̨ƽ̹ĸһСССԼ̨ĹѪ
ΪˣδΪ˸־ʧҸУôͻȻ
Ҫ㻹ǲȥǺս˰ɣҶĬƬ̵̨ߣҲһܹչ˺̨籡
̨ҡҡͷҶȴᶨصǺսһҪȥģ滹ǵˣкӵүү幫岮ܷκξǵĻᡣԼһ㵽Ǻսںӳ֮ǰǾԲȥСԪΣյĵطġ
ҶȻ˲ᣬȴҲ̨˵е룬̨ȥֻѧϰУһʱӦòʲô⣬̨Ժӵϲ̶ȣǲðյġ
ҿ˵ͥɷҪǵ˽ӹַһ֣ΪսʼĴڻսʼǿ߳档ڶ֣κһʥӵһƬ˽أһĻԼǾ˽ס˽صļ۸䰺󣬻ѵĽǮҪݡ֣һǧӰűһɹֻ֮סڳǳﻧ룬ǵһַΪףҪӴսʼǿߣֻǰսˡ̨˵
Ҷ˵ͷҲ˵ͥɷɷһȷʵԼһЩ
Ҷ̨籣һҪСģԪ½ɷȷʵ˰ĺܶ࣬ȻһЩǵģɭϵɷҲջǼ̤ɷ
̨籵츳ȥսҲǱսţȫӦǲصǵġ
ͷ̨籣֮ǰ˪ڵֶ̨һЩ鲻ԽҶ̲סȥ
Сһ㡣оҶе̨ϼ˫գ˵š
һעġҶ΢΢һЦ˵
Ƭ̨֮ѹɫޱߡ
ҹˣһƬס
䳡֮У̨籴һɫĳȹ߸һ˵ĵŶˣ϶˼ֽģ˿˲ȻĶ
֮ǰ̨籵һЩı仯ֱ仯Ҷϲѡ
֮ԼЧûзֳʤǵ֮Լٽ̨һЦҶ
Ҫ򰡣Ҷʱһ֮㶼Ǻˡ
ҶĻ̨ЦһЦ绨
̨籵ЦݣҶ΢΢һӼ̨籿ʼͺټ̨Ц̨Цĺһ使ޱȵĺĻһ㡣
ȥοһ°ðɣҲҪˣӦҲܣټ̨米䳡Ǹһƣֻ䳡ΧĽѸɢ
˭Ҳ֪ոշʲô
̨类ͷһҶ𣬻Լסˡ
̨籵ıӰʧ˺ɫҹ֮УҶһ˿ᶨ֮ɫϵԽԽˣΪߵˣҪøǿ㹻ʵǣ
̨籶ĺӣոճʲôģǺࣿ
Ǻ࣬Ҷ⣬޸ʵû̫𣬻֮ҲǿͨġԼмԼ̨Ĺ⣬츳Ӧò̫ɣ
ҶҸĸо
ҪһֻСһֻСޡһֻСèһС࣬ԲˡҶȻһ̾㽣ϣԻñ֮еû£ҲϣһܹY
˸Ŀ꣬Ҷг˶־ҲԼķȥˡ
ǰԺ԰̨һɫȹȻͷϵ£¹к£԰ױض
һ˾ţ˺ܶܶࡣ
ףѾˡ̨ţֻ뵽Ҷһ˿֮ɫ
ǵڽҹڻ
ʱȻоʲôĿ⳯Ӱĺڰ֮пȥ
˭̨籵ͺһ
һ˻Ӱ֮˳ʮӣһɫۣӢĶţЦŵãҽһԣʵĵӡҴӳ·￴̲ספƬ̣֡
һȷʵոմӳǱ߳˽ΪһλսʵĵӣԹ󣬶Ҳкܴϣսʣʥ֮Уһصˡ
֮ǰǻں϶ȵʱûȥϵȴǲμˣʱֻԶԶؿ̨籣㱻̨籵ò˵̨籵ǻں϶Ϊ72ĸ𾪣ǻں϶Ȳ50ѣʦ£һˡ
̨籾һɽȴкܶ˶˶ӣȴиǰڨЩܶˣһԵʱûǰôҲݵˣֳϲûȤղ¹֮£俴̨һŵ飬ֻǾһƳ׭ֹסӿ˼֡
ܶŮˣкܶҲϾɫûһ̨ȻĶĸо
̨飬߹ŵӰĨȥ


522 Ԫ
һԭΪԼվӰ֮УΪ̨û취ֵģû뵽̨籾Ȼ񣬱˷Ա͵һֺʧľٶ
̨籿ˣָֻ˪ӣһԵţĮȻ˵ɫҪȥϢˣɡ
ָֻ̨䵭飬ղƬ̵ᣬǴδֹһ㣬һԲмϧ̨籾ǧ֮⣬΢ЩΣǿڵɫãﲻͻ𣿡
ˡ̨ϧ𣬿ҲһԣֱԼĿͷȥ
֪Ϊʲǫ̂ǰΪӽӵһԣҲмԱУǻں϶50Ȼһˣ̨ǰȴʲôǣȻ̨ڲ񺣾磬Ѿǵˣò˼̨꣬籱ὫԶԶ׿
֪ǻں϶ȴﵽ70ϵǶô£Ҫ̨֪籿ʸѧϰ񴫳еˣ
̨ıӰʧȵľͷһһ˿źȴǲǰȺ̨뿪ʥǣҲǵļˡ
еǣҵֻͽȻκΡ

ҶصԼķ䣬ѾǺһͥɷ˴룬̧ͷҶһ˿ϲ֮ɫವһڵҶļϡ
оǾĿԼϣҶ΢΢ոǱŲ̋ǸˣѺӸˣЩ֮С
꣬ϢɡҶЩεص
Ц۾˵ͷ
Ҷϣһ˿̨˵㣬о¶һ˿Ȼ֮ɫԻñֹΣҲûа취
Ҫ뿪ˣ֪ʱ˸С
᲻һ죬Ҷµӡվὥȥĳһ죬Ҷߵ̨籣飬ȴû
΢΢Щ˺ʹ
Ҷڴϣ꣬ǰҶȱߡ
ڶ죬ʥַǷǶڿףŵķ֡
ʥ߳ŵϢѾóǳˮѸٵش˳ȥ֪Ϣ֮ʮսĸ߲㶼Ϊ𶯣Ԫ½Ŀⶼ۽ʥǡ
Ҷǻں϶Ϊ0Ϣܲû˵ʱΧ۵˺ܶ࣬ϢվǺܿش˳ȥΪ˵ЦҪ֪Ԫ½ϵ˿ʼǻᾧǻں϶֮ǧûһǻں϶Ϊ0
⾿ʲô̶ȣǻں϶1ûа
ҶһʱҲΪʥǵˣʥǴơ
ţʥҲ½Ϣꡢϻġ½ֱоˡˡʮһ˽Ԫ½
ЩԪ½ĵһվڲͬ񳯣ǻں϶ߵ75ﵽ70ϵˣﵽ50ϵˣﵽ20ϵʮˣ520µˡ
ǻں϶70ϵģ̨һΪ˸սģ⼸ǻںϳ̶ȽϸߵģҲͬ˺ܺõȥ
ʱҶ˵ͥɷ֮󣬶Ԫ½˽Ϊ˽⡣
ÿһսʼǿߣҪĵԴֱҪÿֲݡԪ½Ѿڳɵ״̬޵ԴҪܵǿߣԪ½Ѿ޷ɸ˿ˡ
ÿ궼ǿߵܶǿ߶ҪǰԪųǣԪǶԿĵһߣÿһ궼зǳǿսΪսսĸǿ߱ǰԪǼµǿ߲䵽Ԫųǡ
ԪųǺ;Ŵǳ֮УԪǰߵһߣʮλڶأһԪų䣬½ϾͻȻڽ֮еԪ½Ԫ½ĽԪλķ꽨ģʮּ̣ǵķߣҲˣǵȴԪǵĽ֣ǳ׻
СԪ硢Ԫսʽ磬λٳĿռ䣬ιŴĻޡ
Ԫ½һּΪҪԴĸ֮󣬻ֳٶȸ죬ɸγɱԴԺγԪűҡӰűҵ
ȫǱ߽ɱ֮ռԪűҡӰűҵȿʦʦЩǿ鱦޵⡢޹ǵҩʦҩʦϹƳЧǿıԴ񵤣ЧκһҪõö࣬ԼߵΪ
ˣԪűҡӰűҵȱΪԪ½ͨҡ
ȻƱԴ񵤲Ҫ޵⡢޹ǣҪһЩҩݣÿһöԴ񵤵ļ۸ǼΪģƷһƷԴ񵤣ֵҲﵽ˾˵Ӱűҡ
ȡԴ񵤣ҲԱѱѱޣΪԪ½ࡢޡ޵սޡ
˱Դ񵤣иΪ󣬿ǻں϶ȵԴ񵤣Ȼ۸ҲΪ
ԴԪ½ǳסҲһ⣬ҪʥҲһǳѵ顣
ҶסɣʥǶһ꣬ڴڼ䣬ҶҪʥҵǶʥǵĹ׶ȴﵽһ̶ȣ֧ħűһӰűңþסȨ
ܳҲöҶκƫ̻ΪܳҲҪصͥµĹأͥʱ԰
סﻧÿҪԪűңסʥ棬һס𣬾ͻﵽǧӰűҡ
ֻϣʸסʥ棡
ȻҪ㹻Ǯǧħű൱ǧӰűңͿʥǳ⹺һС˽أС˽ÿҪһ˰
⵽񺣾ϣͿӵʥϽڵСԪɱ޻Ӱűˣ׬ǮǱȽϿġ
ʥǾһ׬Ǯÿ궼ԴԴϵһʹӰűҡħűҡϽűңÿҲһս͹űңЩűҵս֮󣬾ͻᱻʦƳɸ鱦
һǳЧᣬÿ˶ϵ֮ƴعάԪųӴսġ
һеĹ򣬶λƶģ
Ҷ𺳲ѣԪ½ֱһӴս
Ԫ½ΪԽǿĹԽߵˣλԽߣԽ׷䵽һЩεԴ
ҶҪ飬ʥǻþʸ񣬻Ҫ׬ȡĽǮȥЩڶ½ˡǵǾܶɹȻ̨ǱҲһϣҶϣڰ̨籵ϡ
ȻʥǣҪ׬ܶǮƺһѵ飬ΪʥͣÿĿһ˵֡ȷʵкܶ๤ܶ๤涼ǳ͡
絽˽ȥصֲ޵ȵȣֱʥǵľƹݡջ򹤵ȵȡ
Ҫ񺣾ΪЩĻͿԽСԪȥɱޣɱ׬Ǯȱķܶ࣬ҲΣպܶࡣ


523 Ϲ
ȽϹһЩְҵȥʦҩʦǴ֣һѧͽҪ츳һЩΪһʦҩʦ׬ǮǷǳġԪ½ѷչ۷壬һʦҩʦҪǷŵ½񽳼ĴڡҶ
ʦҩʦΪһǣÿһǽףӦӦȨλְҵǷǳ߹ġ
Ҷ룬ԼһЩģ֪ܲҸĹѧϰѧϰ˵ܳΪһҩʦʵڲУǾֻ˽СԪ״СԪɱˡ
˵СԪǳΣգҪܶ˽УǹƥֱȲѣҶǲȥģɲԼĺһû˸ס
Ҷ̨ڽ߹һȦʥһЩ˽⡣
֪ʥǵ״̨籲һüͷлһ˿ɫʵҶЩʲôƻ
׼ȥһҩʦǽ֮һ̶ȣܹƱԴ񵤣ͿԺܿ׬ǮˡҶһµɲҸ̨κһ˿СԪ뷨
ҩʦǺֻܲąֹ̇̄
ҩʦ򵥣뵱ҿھʹﵽҩ𼶱ѧϰ֮˵ֱֵҶŵЦô˵ʵҲûʲôգϾԪ½֮½ǲһġ
ǻں϶Ϊ0˵ҪΪһҩʦǻں϶Ҫﵽ20ϲУû취ƳԴ񵤵ġ̨Щǵص֪ʱ˼ʱǴҶĽǶȳˡ
Ȼ̨籶䵭˭ҪǳˣǼǳҸ飬ΪһΪĳ˵Ů֮󣬾ͻȫĵظ
Ҳǿ˼ţҶﻮԪ½һи½ʵ̫һˡ
ȻҶǻںϳ̶Щ֣Ϊ£ǻںϳ̶Ϊ0ˣǲ񺣾ģǻǺΪҶģϾԪ½˶ǻںϳ̶һ˵츳ġ
ˣԪ½ǧһǻں϶Ϊ0˭֪ʲô״ţ𣿡Ҷ̨Ͱ궼ôԼиеůȴѵЦ˵нţۿռﻹôöάһǿԵģʱҾͳˡ
ҶĻ̨籲ݸһЦǲŲҶԸأҪҶԸǵȫԷˡ
ǧҪСԪ磬ЩҽСԪģй̶ԱŶӣóȻȥΣյġ̨籲ĵض
ףİɣҲðյġҶͷ˵
̨籺Ͱôܷŵ
˵֮ʣҶоʲôԶֵľͷȥ
һӰȻվԶĽ֮ͤУһɫֶƮȻѣϹ˭
ȻԪ½̣񺣱ѹƣѴ߶ϵϢȻͣӰܱߵ
ȺУκһ۾ܿĲ
Χ߹Ⱥ׷ײĿͤˣδܻܿһ񼶱ĳڣ
ĿУϵģִǼλǿߣԪųǿѾʧأǸ޷졣ÿһ꣬һλսҲҪµɳǧѾǻں϶ȴﵽ75ϵﵮˡ
ǻں϶ȴﵽ82컹ܳԴСǴﵽ85ϣʱߣ
Ĳ֮ϹȻΪԪ½ĿĽ㣬ȴû˿Ľ֮ɫȻƽ޲ץһʱݵݺڷܣ˾岻ѡ
ϵ˶Ϲ󱣳һľ룬ǰʱ΢΢ʾ𾴡
ЩʥǵĹǣϹǰҲǲΣʥһĶֵϣǺܶ˶еλģϻ񳯣Ԫ½Ǿʲôˡ
ҶŲ̋籣ֱ˽ͤЦŴкãû뵽ˡ
ܾˡϹƽصһҶҶЦȻƺһҲǻں϶ȵ飬ҲЩʥǵĹǣЦԵĺ͹ά
ңʲô𣿡Ҷ΢΢һ㶡
ǻں϶Ϊ0飬ʲôϹĿҶȻܸо𻤱۵ϢҶ׼û𻤱̨ۣҲһͬʱ׼˵𻤱۵ˡ
̨վҶĲ󷽣һվλЩ̨֣籵ǳȻ˿ԿһЩζ
ЦʥǵĹ˽һֱҪʲôţ̨֮Ů벻ǣ̨ӵģǧΨһһǻں϶Ϊ0ķϢҪǴȥ֪˾°͡
ϹҲмֺ棬̨߹޵ıɽôѡҶҶ߻һֻ޻õСè
Ҿǻں϶Ϊ0ܺðû뵽Ϲ⣬ҶЦǧ˭֪ǻں϶Ϊ0ᷢʲôұȱ˶һĻᡣ
ǻں϶Ϊ0һǳɻ飬ҶʱԵʮ̹ȻΪԼ쳽Եʡ
ҶЦһǿҵţɲΪԼǷϾǻں϶Ϊ0Ƿ޷ˣ˵
ϹһָоҶ˶ǲ̫һģǲԳǻں϶Ϊ0Ϲտʼþȣ룬Ҳ֮СҶȻòԳǻں϶Ϊ0ǺȤ飬΢΢һЦҲֻҶŻô롣
ңΪҵĸô򵥰ɣҶɲΪϹģϹִźڷܣǶģȫ֪ϹҶϹһЩøеġ
ԭûһ룬ˣ͵͸ɡϹڰ֣صĿңԶܸ˵仰е˲࣬Ҷһ
һģҶü૵ϹڶᵽˣļأҶһȻ뵽ʲôԼһϹڵص¥ĪϹ˵Ǽ𻤱ۣҶĿǰֻһǴӵص¥ġ
뵽ǾеĹʬҶһݣ¶ŵɫĪϹ󡭡
ˣϣԺǻ֪ʱΪܹﵽʲô硣лĻҵҪһǻں϶Ϊ0ˣܹʲô̶ȡϹ˵꣬ͤȥ
ǼҪģֻҪ˵ߣҾʳԡҶϹıӰ˵Ҳȷǲ𻤱ۣϾĶ٣ħӡ춦ȵȣġ
ϹͷһҶҶ鲻٣ζһЦƮȻȥ


524 һ
֪ϹЦʲô˼Ҷü˼ĪϹǾ߹ʬȻ߳ر𣬵̫ƭˣطͿı䣬Լ͵컻طϹأһܸıòط̫ˡ
ʲǫ̂籿ϹԶҶʵ
ҲҪǾˡҶų̂籴һ˿ѶϢϹأΪĪ⣬Ŀǰȷǵѡ
̨籺Ͱͬ£һҶй䣬Ϥʥǣѵ̨ܸ籡ʱ⣬ҶԸôෳյ顣
˽һˮװ޵ĸߵƹݣܺãĶʥǵĹ壬ƹŮһòŮҶ̨籺Ͱ˸λһЩ
ʳȻøϡ֮ɵģڶ½ֵǵϽ⣬ȻΪͨĶ⻹и־Ƶĸ߽׻޵⣬ĶУһЩϡҲӦоС
Ӧģÿһ˼۸񶼲ˣҪǧӰűңЩҪһٷʮӰűҿܾûˡЩĹ壬Ҫ񺣼ֱ׾١
ƹݵŮǣ˵һܹ쵽һӰűҶѣԪűܹڳﻧһסˡ
ҶһԼĻۿռ䣬мʮӰűҶѣԭΪԼɱôޣѾСвƸˣû뵽Źһٷѡ
ѵģһ㶼Լ˽صĹ壬ǵʲǧӰűڡ
̨籵ĳ˲˵ע⣬ǶûвʶȤ̨籵˪ò츳һ
Ԫ½һɷ磬˶ȽϿơ
Զһϣһ뼸̸Ц̨籵Ӱ֣Ȼһ⣬ڿ̨һҶ֮üͷ֪ҶΪʲǫ̂һҶһǻں϶Ϊ0ˣ̨Ь䡣֪Ҷ̨籵ĹϵҪѪˡ
Ƭ̣һվ̨˹
̨û뵽㣬ҡһ΢ЦǰһɷţҾƹǱ̨ϲʲô㣬Ҫҿ͡
ȻһԵñ񣬵̨类΢ɲüͷֻԵͷûп˵˼
һԵĿⲻһƳſҶһЦңֻע̨ҶֵܣҶֵҲԵɣǧҿУ޵ģһ˿ʩζ
̨üͷһ£ܾȴҶһЦˣǾͲˡ
һ΢΢һ£û뵽Ҷĺ޳ܵزˣ̨ǰȻ˵㻰ЦҶֵܵӻǺˬ
ǣǺܺˬġҶЦЦص
̨Ǳ߻ڵȣˡˣáһԲҶת̨ڵص
̨øֻڨڨˡ
һԵıӰҶ΢Щˬһڴ̨籵⣬ǿ벻̣
Ҳǹ죬ӶצӣһԵıӰӡȻ̨籸ǾϵڲìܣڶϣҶԶվͬһսϵġ
ɰӣҶһЦԴ
ȻͣǾͲҪˣɾûˡҶݵػ֣ԱһŮ˹һֻ¹֮໹ǷǳοɰģһɴһĲ˵ǰ
ڶ½ѾƵһǿˣԪ½ȴʲôǡƹݵĿʲôҪҲǲܾܾġ
ҶŲ˵৵˺ܶ࣬ʲôϧ͵ʲôʲô͵ʲô͡
ҶǬֻʮӰűҡҶЩˣ̨ϱҲǽһ˵Ϊ֮ʳǣԹͣ
Ǹһ˵ҪͣˣʲôĻԹû˵˾ͽ񺣶ˡҶգգ̨ۣһΪѣƽʱԳֵӴྶͥмֿɰ뵽һԸҴ̨籵⣬ָ飬һ˺üˡ
ߺߣŵ⣬Ҳ㣡
˼ֵӰűҵĲȣҶգǸ¹Ů˿Ҷ۾ϴ֮תһȥˡ
ԶλϣһԿŲ˵֮Ǻݺݵس鴤˼£һҧΪ̨ĿӡҲֻˡ
ܿأɫζȫķʢȰҶ޹˼ɵش
̨һγ԰ͣԵм֣ССڵسţ̬ţԷӾһܡ
ȴϣ˼öĹӣԵð졣
سһٴͣǵ޵ȥ֮Ҷоȵӿ
𵴣Դһ˺ܴͻơ
񺣶أ
⻹ֻһֶѡ
޵⣬Ȼ˵á
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극Ҷ̨籺Ͱ뿪ȻһôöȴкҲûˡ
ҶһһûʲôøУȻһԵоֹʲôëҶôһ㲻ʹ죬˭һԵĿǳԼŮǱġ
ҶҪһ뿪ʥǰɡ̨ЩĵصղҶǰһԸˣʥǣҶ鷳
ȥĶһ붫½һ㣬ʲô飬һܼʱϻض½Ҷ˵
ȻҶ񺣾Ϊһν½ҪǧӰűˣһСĿҪ׬һǮ൱ѵġ
Ҷ̨籵ıӰʧ˾ƹݵĳڣһԵĿް


525 
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ȢŮδݵλȻǴһֻϧҪˡһ΢΢̾ǶЩʱգ϶̨ܽµģ̨ߵҶһǻں϶Ϊ0ķǲģֶԸҶЩԼĸ
һʵӣԺӦûܹġֻ̨ǻں϶Ϊ72ٳһöԴ񵤣ǶȻ˲áп̨ǰòŮӣȻҲһЩ⶯ȴֻѣһ˵ûУò˶ãЩ˸̨籾ͻˡ̨֮ŮδսʼĴڣһԶֻ̨ǳ룬಻˵һԵӡ
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ףҶҲΪ룬̨类Ҷ϶˵ʹܾڶŮ˽顣
ҶһҲҪúչԼ૵ţһ˿ᶨԻñŽǬȻӵ˴ߡ
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ǻں϶Ϊ0ܾ츳ԼΪġҶŵ˵


526 
ǸϸζؿһҶ֪ҶţĬƬ˵ϣʱҪȷϵҷҪˣǰ縺ʹܴﵽսʼұֹ֤ˡ
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һսʼģҶᶨصΪ˰꣬ΪߵˣԼøǿ
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뵽ҪķѵľǮҶ᲻ûǮˣﻧҴطסÿֻҪԪűҾͿˣǻѼǧԪűңҵһİԺ䡣
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527 ҩʦ
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Ҷ쵽ط֮˼µǮ뿪ˡ
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ǻں϶Ϊ0϶ڿЦԲԣǺһЦǻں϶Ϊ0ģͻȻ뵽ʲô֮ǰһԣһԶ½ˣԽǻں϶Ϊ0ǰ˰ɣ뵽⣬ı΢Щ͡
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528 µ
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ŷıӰҶ¶һ˿޵ЦݣܾãŮˣҶҲӴ
Ҷһ˻صסԺ֮С
ƬԺλȻƫһ㣬ʮְȽʺҶһﾲһԺط
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Ҷһʯоط֪˶ãԺĴš֨ѽһ˴ˣ߽һŮ
еĶʮ߰ӣòƲ϶ôӢȴм֮ݼ㣬񣬴һĶۣѾϴķɣɾ롣
ŮĴŶʮңĽСһɫȹԵýοɰò㲻Ͼɫȴһ񾲵ʡ
ǴžǶסСԺеķ˰ɡ
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ʮ߰꣬Ѿأڶ½ѾƳˣԪ½ȴۣȻôһЩȡȻȥᾲģΪϾǱȹҪǿһЩ
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šһЦòؿҶһۣԼķȥ
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ЩǷڶ½˲õҩȴǼҳС˰ˡ
Ҷ˵óϿңЦúܿģкŶԵ㡣
м̳ƣ͹һ°ɣɩҲСһЩҶӻۿռ潫ԼڤЩŪһ̳ĿǣһŨľ˲ʱƮСԺ
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ҶǸȻؿЦҲ֪Ԩ˲ദ
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Ԫ½֮ޱȣֻһҩʦҲǶ½ҩʦܹġ
ԨһƷԴ񵤣޵Ϊϣٸʮ滨ƣ˵ƳɹһöҩӰ𡣲ƳɹöԴҩʦģԨֵֻܷٵһ棬һǧӰűҶѡ
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ô㻹ʧһ¯ԭϣ֪һ¯ԭֵ𣿾˱׬ǮҲⲻ𣡡Ԩ֣վ¯ڲĲǽһƬˡ
Ҷû˵ʲôøԨ磬ԼΪѧģûҪԨ
Ҷ죬ԨΪҶˣɾ¯֮һ߷ڶԭϣһ߲мߣµ˾µˣûѹֻջġ
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ҶȻ֣һƷԴ񵤵Ḷ́춦ĹƣһЩͬǣһƷԴ񵤵ҪһЩԭкҩԣЧǿһЩ
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ʥܹԵԴ񵤵û٣Ȼҩʦÿ춼ٱԴ񵤣ЩԴ񵤾Ҫϻ񳯣ȻϻϹͥͥٷָսġ
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530 ¢
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һջģΪЩ飬ܳΪһҩʦ𣿼ֱǳΣԨԪ½жҪµ˱ϵˣΪЩ͵ѧˣ㻹ͷɣǸջģԺҲǸջģⱲӶ뷭ˣ
ҶԨרĵŸղѧһУ͵һڶ߿ˡ
ҶޱĲ˵ԨЩ¶һ˿ɫŪҪΪһҩʦǻں϶Ҳ20˵Ƕ½ģǻں϶Ϊ0ǧΨһһǻں϶Ϊ0ģȻûһͷײƤҲǧһһĺ񰡣
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һһҩʦÿܹƳɹöԴ񵤱ѾˣɹԽߣҲζ˷ѵԭԽ١
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ҶֵȥһҶĿ˸ĬƬ̺󣬴ҶҶֵܣһ飬㲻Ҫɩӡ
֪Ϊʲô˵Ҷ΢һ£˵ͷ
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Ҷһüͷ֮ǰǵʥǵһǸ˵˽ɱ硣ǹ£ɩô죿
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ЩСԪУ˲Ʒ˵ģҲҪʮ򣬻һЩҪʮһÿСԪɱĻͬҪȥģһȫˮɵкܶˮеޡ
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ܽСԪ磬ǿĻҲֻʮأ󲿷ֶʼĻޣܴʱ䣬Ҫ˳Ļܹ׬ʮӰõĻһ׬ϰӰűҲеġЩ㽵ص
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СԪ磬ְµĵطСԪ磬ãֻ棬ͿǹҪµǣÿСԪʵ̫̫ˡ
ǰӰңҶȤҲǺܴ󣬰Ӱֵ˸Ҳʮѡ
ҶĿ껹̫Զ̫Զˡ
Ԫ½˽صĹ壬ûʲôȽСԪ׬Ǯˡ
ʨүڣҶСԪ紳Чʣ϶ͨҪߺܶ࣬Ҷ׼СԪ紳˵зǰԲõİȫ⡣ֻǹȥСԪðգǲֵã
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ÿҴʲôʱʮӰֻҪճʮӰȥ˵Ѿȴ˺ܾˣٹ£ǾһܹʮӰ
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Ҷ΢΢ףԭǿԶһЩģòҲǺܶӡ
ȥ֪ͨҴ磬ԳЩصк֮󣬱Ҵҳˡ
Ҷһæµǲǲ̫ãҶǲ̫ĵġҶԹԷ޻ǺкøеģǹܹȫǵͲôˡ
Сʱ֮󣬹ҶҶֵܣѾˣ峿ʱڳű߼ϡ
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һЩϸڣԵЩҲѹ֣Ϊ˽СԪ磬ǳﱸ˺ܾãܹˣܲ˷ܡ
Ԫ½ЩǾʣһЩǿŽСԪ磬еУЩ߰˳ɣʣµɶԱǷ֣ԺܶŽСԪ磬Ǵ򹤡һοԼţĻÿ˶ֵܷ٣


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һѾͽ˦˦š
šءһǰˣӰԵøį
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Ҷ΢΢ͷ֪ľ֮УԹ˵һƴĻᣬǾԲŹġ
ŮˣҪҲգǽ۹ŮϣⱲӶʲôϢԶ޷ġҪģԼøãʱȻõŮˡҶ룬ǳȰ˼䣬ҲֻԾڴˣξ񣬾͵ÿԼˡ
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ˣ衢ФԽ骶ǶʮҵˣԴԾԾԵӡ
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Ҷһдӹȿڷɽ֮ͷַܶǷһСװÿСԪ˶ǳ֮ࡣ
֮骡ФԽ˶Щ˷֮ɫǵһŽСԪ硣Ϊδ׼ûȥƴˣ


533 ǲ
һʯͨʮСԪ磬ˮϵĲ׺˲ƷˣֻҪʮӰڶľϵľǾҪܶ࣬ҪʮӰĸЩҪʮӰҡ˷ɵ˵֪ҶԪ½Щ˽⡣
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Ҷ׼Ǯ˷ɣСԪʱӰ˹
˷ɿǣʱĳ˶Ǳǹ巽£ǸǡһЩڡҪȢΪ檣ܾˣ޸һ׵Ĺ÷ΪЦԷһֱ鹢ڻ
˶ʮأҪǸŽСԪ磬Ҫ㣡
ǾȻҲСԪǮСԪҪСһ㣬ΣķһСİСˡͷһӲؿŹ˷ɵ˵
зΣǷļū֪˳ۣƽʱһлѹһͷȥ͡ξײҪСԪ磬תתǹһĨЦ
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޵飬κ༸˹ЦһȥһЩ˵ȥˣﻹµĶ飬׼ǰСԪġ
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αһкɵĸ࿴ʯŵܣĵʵܴˣʸղǶ˽ĸСԪ磿
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ǽŹ˷ɡ˵ƨɺģԹ˷ɵ˵ٶȣӦûûԶŶԣΪܹܿҵǣѾ񺣵ķΧŵˣȴȻҲ˷ɵ˵Ӱӣ
ʱƣεɫԽԽѿ
ϴǺɳŵһɵ㶵ı顣
˸ӣӲ֪ǲ𣿻˵ɫܵγˮݺݳһºɵĺףеŭȫйˡѾ׹Լˣˣ˷ɡ˿϶ǽһСԪ磡
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ԽԽһԺɻ¶ίɫ˳ָһ£ðǡ


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˷ɡڽ˺ܾãûε˳֡
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Ҷվڽ֮У⿴ȥֻ浽˲Щָ죬ύһ궼Ϊߴ󣬺ܶ඼ʮ׸ߣһЩߴϣĴʱ޵˻֮Ҷ
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ǾŸ˲Ҫֵ̫Զ໥Ӧߣȷε˲˷û˹ǣ˵˵Ǽǣڿն𣬳֮ȥ
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񺣾ͷųĸоʵ̫ˬˣһ߷ӣһߴֵصΪܡ
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ҪˣΣķһҪСģ˷ɳѵͷˣΪȡ
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ɣԪ֮Ԫ½ѹ񺣣ÿʱÿ̶ڶǵ񺣣һԪ½ͷų񺣾ͻǿۿҶ
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춦Ѹٵһ߾߻ʬ壬ֻٶȱɱ޵ٶҪ˺ܶ࣬ҶҲ١
˷ɵΪؿ˿Ҷ춦ǵȻó춦һܲı
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һ񺣻޵ʬ壬˵ļֵӰ𣬹һϡһģǧӰ
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Զ½ˣϵܻ治٣Ǹ춦һ·޵׶һĿռҶϲ֪жٱ˷ɡ˶зִˣǲû̽
һ߸Ź˷ɡĴɱ񺣾ޣҶһ߲ϵش񺣣ľǲľ쳣ïʢŨľϵҶתľ֮ͣľϵ
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535 
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ʱ䣡
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һλȥǵкܴĸĹۣ
ĽҶ⣬ľСԪ磬ɲΪ׬ôһǮǮĿ̫ˡ
ʨүľʲôöûУҶʨүһ˿ѶϢʨүĸ֪Ҫ֪ܶ࣬ΧҲ㣬˵ʨүʲô֣һĶ濴ۡ
ҷľ龫ʮֻʮصĻػʨү˵СһʨүٺһЦȻʨүҴ򲻹ǣ
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ȻΪҶʵʨүֻܷ֮һʵ֮һʵԸһ߰صģȴǴ´ˣͷųһϢԽЩʮصĻŵƨ
˷ɴ磬һľ龫ǮҶʵ˷ɶԪ½ƺʮ˽⡣
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Ҷ˵߷ӶȥϰӰĿȻֻǾţһëٳɶɣ˭ҲһԳӡ
˷ɵһۣȫϣľ龫ϰӰңжӹΪɫ֪Ҷôֵġ
Ÿһ·ɨ;û񺣾ȫ
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ҶֵܣǲټˣҸоǰмֻʮصĻޣҪټǰܻᾪǣ˷ֹҶȻľ龫ܾջԣ˷ɻס֪Ҫġ
ҶĬƬ̣Ҫһ˽ȥһɡ
УôҶֵһ˽ȥðգ˷ɸϽ˵ֻʮصĻޣɲǶϷҶһ˽ȥֻǻزˣ
Լı֮µģǷġҶЦЦɵص
˷ɿҶŵɫҡҡͷȰҶֵܿ²֪ʮػ޵ǧðաΪŶӵͷˣȻҶðȻȥ
ǰҶֵܣǮȻǸöҲҪ׬׬Ǯû飬ǲܸɡ
ǵʵֵܵסʮصĻޣǧˣ
˷׷Ȱ⣬Ҷеǡ
Ҷô˵Ŷ˾ǲţ˵ʲôҲҪֹҶǿʮػޣ
ЩֿҶ룬ԼǷӦøһЩˣʨүһ˿ѶϢʨүЩǷŵù˷ɡȽˬֱҶܹóΪ˲ҲãФԽˣ˵࣬û̫Ӵ֪ǲǿš
ʨүһ£֮Ц⼸˻ǲģ˷ɡ˺۹⣬ҵЩ˶š
⼸˶Ǹ˷ɡ빲ֵܣƷֵεġ
ȻˣҲˡҶƬ̣ɫ֣ص˵Ȼᷢ飬˷ɴλұܣ
ԼֵܣģͷЩɻ󣬲֪ҶҪʲô
骵Ҳ׷ױ֤ؿƿ
ҶкܶҪʨүһģҪõʨүĵطкܶ࣬Զţʨүһɡ
ʨүɣҶͺһһĿɫӰһֻסȫȼϻľ޴ʨȻ˵֮С
ǿƥƣɨ£
š
ҡҵ죡ҶȻһֻޣʱĴ֮骡ФԽ˷Ӧʱɴ۾ޱȵؿʨүʨү׳ȻƣвزһֳĤݵĳ嶯
Ȼǻޣ˷ɡԼʶģҲޱ𾪣纣Хһ㣬
һֱǳŵרʥϲĹ壬Ҳûһӵлޣ
ҶȻӵһֻޣ
޵ֲǰ׽еģһ޶ӵż߹Ѫͳ䱾ҲܴﵽܸߵΪ
ֻе۷ȺЩţŻµĵϵѱһֻ޳ΪǵĻޣһҪЩ޼ͬСԻǳź޼˵Ĳ
ȻҲһЩޣżڸ񳯵ĺϽף׵ȽףѪͳҲǺܴһ⣬۸ȫס
Ӱһȶ
ӰңʥǾ޸ˣЩ񳯺Ŷԣʲô
ҶֻѾˣĻްһĻٶϣȻܻΪ˱ʵܵһЩơϾİϢѾǿˡ
֪ҶֻʲôģӦİɣɢƣǾ˰
ڹ˷ɵѾţƵＶĴˣҪҶǣʨүѾսؼˣ֪ǻ᲻Ӹɳ
Ҷֵܣлޣ㱾ʵֻأĻ޿ҲֻܷӳصʵǶԸʮصĻްлع˷ɴһҲʶ㣬֪޵ʵҪ˱ʵƵġ
û£ˣҲðյġҶһЦȻʨү޷ͷųȫʵսʼϢڣ
ԥƬ̣˷ɡǾҶҶֻðյˣȻг
ʨү׵ľ޴˵ϣ¡һԲʮ׵ïֱɨһƬƽأӶǰצĵ棬ȵϻ˲佫滯һƬ
ǧˣܹӹˣʨүͷȫĹžֱ죬ɨ˹˷ɵһۣصιСӣԺʨүһ죬ǳĺģôʨүһֱǺСܵģã
˷ɡԣͬʱЩ𾪣ʨүϵϻмĸоȻ뵽ĪǴ˵еϻʨԪ½ڶ޼嵱УϻʨҲ۷Ⱥֻϻʨ٣ࡣ
ҶȻһͷϻʨޣҲ̫ţ˰ɣ˿ҶĿ⣬֮ǰΪˡ


536 ľ龫
ʨү߰ɡҶʨүåϰҲе䵽ʨү߿Ц
СӣȤʨүһ䣬ǰ濪·
˸ʨү
ʨүǰ񱼣һ·ľȫѹƬϻڵһƬƵĺۼڵС
ҶΪʨүܹӵʵң͸¶Ϣȴһ޿ƥ֮ơ
Ǵܳϣ˷ɵҲܵµϢ
Ҷ֪ɲһ£ʨүʲôΪФԽĨĨͷĺЩսľʵ
骡µ˵ĿҲҶϣúܡ
սʣҶЦȻʨүѾʨүʵҲûҪ
սʣ
Ȼսʼ
ҵү
˶ˣһͶŵܹһһֻսʼĻޣʲô
ǹ˷ɡ𣬻骡µˣж¶֮ɫ
սʼԪ½һĴڰ
Ҳ˵ʨүֳ㶶һľСԪ͵òʥתһȦʨүˣܳðԴ
κǿߣ֪ҶսʼĻޣҰҶôκ˵ɱҶҶĻʨүʨү֮һƾܽĳˡ
ʨүʵ֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬾ȻĸԸΪҶĻޡ
΢΢һ֮󣬸Ҷ
һ֪ҶվһλмĴڣ϶ķСˣֻǹ˷ɡ˲ЩӲѧǺҲ֪˵Щʲô
ֻҪλУҶעһ壬ǹ˷ɡˣ֮ܿԶƽǲ֪Ҷദˡ
Բ֮ǰȲѣλҪ֡ҶЩӲ˵
ĻҶֵֻҪῴЩûϢˣǾͲҶֵܵˡ˷ƽе𾪣ֱʵ˵
Ȼῴң˭涨ǻں϶Ⱦ;һ˵ΪƫаȻ˿ǾԼʵ˹Ŀ࿴Ҷϵ˵Ųţǻں϶ȵ͵ľǷ˷ɴ粻ԷƱ
˼䣬ղ΢ЩӲձ㻺һǸ֮ǰһҶദ
ľСԪֵطʨүһֻսʼڵĻޣǼֱɱ
ʨү췢һʨһɿֲսʼϢܰ˷˶
ǰĴεʮصĻǱɢݣһŵü񣬻ǻۼ£оʨүɢϢֱ治ʨүܹӳʵֻƾһֶǿߵıη壬ǱӴܣԼӵˡ
ҶɵظʨүʲôҲҡڵؽľǵĽһѺٻĸо
ǰһ޴ޱȵĹǧףֱͷɴ׳һСɽźʵӲƤ֦Ҷïա
ľ龫֮У
Ҷһɨ㾫ȷҵľ龫ڵλãҶ͹˷ɡһۣһͬϣ׼λãӿϡ
ֻ죬ǵ̵Ƥ˻ƤӲ
ҶʹõֻһѱȽͨĳ룬һóǿ񵶣Ͽһƿһӡ
˷ɺ͹˿ҶзźĵԼ˵һߡڶҶʱʱóһѾЩľˡ
Ҷľ龫ڵλͿ˼ƿ¶ɢŶĿ̹ľ龫
Ҷһ㣬ľ龫֣
֣ǳ
ܿأһʧԶĵƽϣЩʮصĻǻ֮󣬷Լľ龫ˣһŭҶѾܵûӰˡ
ľ龫ҶֵõģǹҶֵаɡ˷˵ľ龫ÿһ鶼ֵϰӰʲôûøҶľ龫
ǻǰչɡҶҡҡͷľ龫Լ˵ǱˮнԹ˷ɵˣȴǷǳҪ
ǲҪ˷׷׿ھܾǲںЩǮȷʵȱǮҶһŪֵģǻǺԭġ
Ҷһµɣľ龫֮󣬻ǰչط֣ԺõĶ߳ɣʣµǷ֡
˷ɵһۣҶȻ˵ҲͲƴˡҶ߳ɣʨүҲˣʨүȡһЩľ龫֮ĶԱɱ޶˲֪١
ǺðɣǾͽҶֵܵĹˡ˷ɵͷ
骡ФԽܲѣǶѾδˣδСԪðյģǵǳȣСԪðΪ˸ı״δԼӸԼܿࡣľ֮ټֵӰÿֵܷʮӰ
ʮӰ
˵һ˲õľ޿ˣ
ʮӰ𼴱޷ǹϹһﻧ֮УҲС֮ˣһɾһԺ䣬Ͽʳˡ
жҶ˸мûҶǲջľ龫ġ
ҶСӣǰнľ龫ʨү΢˫Ӧһ¿ڵʨүҶ˵Ҫǿ̫̫ˡ
һľ龫۾ˡ
ʨүȥҶ˽
һ·ϣ˷ɵֻҪҶߣ;ЩصĻ޾ͿˣһЩʮصģʨүǻᾡƿġʨүϢյ䲻֮ЧöҲСǻ۵£֮ǻģǷʨүصʵƻǻᷢġ
¡һȺޱɢݡ
Ҷȡľ龫
ڽʱҶܹŪ˾öľ龫ľ֮顣һöľ龫һٶӰ𣬶һľ֮ٶӰҲ˵ʱջ˽һǧİӰ
Թ˷ɵ˶ԣֱͬһ㣬һͷ·ƶˣ˷ܵ֡
˷ɵ˵ӣҶЦͻȻһôǮ˷ɵ˻ҪʱӦӦ
Ҷֵܣǲ̫ûϢˣ˷ɻع֮ԴεЦЦ
֮顣ҶЦʱѾˣ߰ɡ
һȺ˸߲ҵض飬ص˸սľСԪǴĽ֮С
֮УСѾʱ䵽ڣÿȥķ
ľСԪܸݲϵǼǵʱ䣬һһһСӴͻȥ
Сӣʱ䵽
һ˵ڴվã׹һǱͻȥˡ
Сӣʱ䵽

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537 ȱǮ
ڵȴŶؽεջ
ջô
ջ񲻴ʮӰ𣬻ȥ֮ÿ˹ֵܷǧӰ𣡡
ôˬβŪʮӰ𡣡
֮ǰˣ֪˭һֻʮصĻޣǲȫû
ݣҲһֻʮصĻޣղŶȥŵӲ궼ûˣ
ֵȼĻƽʱڽеβ֪ô¡
ЩŶһջ񶼻㲻ǸҶһȣֻͷˡ
骵˱ϾᣬǺǺԼСӵս˵һ˵˷ɺ͹ཻˣƲ¶ףҲҪҶܣرסһеĵβסġ
ЩŶʱľСԪ˴֮䶼ȽϤǻǵһοҶСӣʶ
٣λµģһ˹ҶǴк
ǲǹ£Լ˹ġеɫش
Ǹ¶Ľ֮ɫǾȻǮԼ
ǣһҪʮӰأ
ջȫԼģÿֵܷܶɡ
ûãЦеӦ˼䣬û˵̫ࡣ
˷Сӣʱ䵽ʱܵĺ˹
Ҷߵվãֻǰ׹һһռ䲨ٴ۾ʱѾصʥǸ޴ĴС
ƿʯ߳ȥҶ׼뿪ʱΡɵҲǳСԪ磬ǿҶ˷ɵ֮ɫʮֵĲá
ãƣ»ǳԲ˶ߣŭغһ˦ߡ
ǲ˷ɡ˸ˣˣһòڲ׺Ǵ죬治֪˶٣Ƿ
˷ûεˣתͷ骣ʵ骣ջô
֪˷ҪεˣһЦνȥ˹ʺˣȻŪһöľ֮飬ӰɣǾ㲻СԪ磬ҲԹˡ
骵ĻεȥĽŲ΢٣⻰ǹǣ˵õһöľ֮飿һöľ֮Ӱ𣡹˷ɵÿֵܷʮ
εΪļūϵǮܹҲʮӰҶѣǱɣ޷Լ֯ŶӽСԪġ˵Ūһöľ֮飬ǵ۾
Ҫǹ˷ɡ骵ԺҲСԪˣǾҲûл˷ɵˡ
սȭͷѸٵתͷݵ˹˷ɡ骵һۣתͷŭȣߣ
ŷδ뿪骵˶ŷεĺһڡ
ʲô˲𣬲Ƿһˣ
˷תͷҶǸȻǲðľ֮˵ȥģֻôҲﲻ
ҶνЦû£ǳ֪ġҶ֪ǹ˷ɡ骵ˣѹ̫ˣַ֮޴йѾۻ̫
ȥľ龫ľ֮˰ɡ˷˵ҶǰʥǵС
ʥǵܿģκαСԪջĻʬȵȣǶչҲͻܡ
ʥƽʱЩʲôҶѯʵ˿кΰĽʥÿһؽԶֵƣҪֵϰӰ
鱦ս׵ȣиҩżһЩԴ񵤣ʱһöһƷԴ񵤣еʱ򻹻ʥķصȡ˷һµ
˵صǹ˷ɡ骡ФԽˣж¶Щ֮ɫ
ЩԪ½˶ԣǶԷӺһᣬǶʥиԼļңڳӵһƬԼأҲù޸Ƽ
ǴСʥﻧﳤ׵ʱ򣬸ĸ͹͵ÿ๤ȴ΢нˮһ󲿷ɷġﻧľ󲿷ӶǱʥĹǿƣҪǽ⣬ǾҪϳȥͷ
ЩڶƶУ츳㲻ģ񺣾ʱ򣬾һЩһ䲻ԺˣÿҲܲһЩãֻͯЩ䣬ֲǵԺ֮С
ԪһѪͳ츳ĵطûкõѪͳ츳ңҪɾǺѵġ
ǲײˣӦǹ˷ɵһܹﵽ۷ˣ񺣾ߣԪ½ţëû˻ϡǡ
ڹ˷ɵĴ£ҶһȥһУľ龫ľ֮黹񺣾޵ʬȫ֣ҶҪһЩܹõһǧٶӰ
Ҷֵ˽һǧӰ
ʣµˣ˷ɶһ㣬õһٶ˶õʮӰ
Լõô࣬ǳͬҲǺ죬Ʋסֳ˷֮ɫ骡ФԽ˸Ǽˡ
ֻʮӰ𣬾Ȼ骵˼ˣҪ֪ʮӰ𣬲Щһٷѣ
Ƚ϶ԣҶԵ̫ƽˣһνСԪ绹˳Ȼ׬һǧӰ𣬿תһ룬һǧӰҲֻһ˶ѣԶԶҪ취׬Ǯ
ҶֵܣȻȥˣҵļλֵܻڵϢӰҳģҵȥǡ˷Ҷ˹֣ζ㣬Ժʲô飬ҹ˷ǣ
˷ɴˣȥɡҶЦ
骵ҲŻؼҸ˷ϲãһһҶʾҶʲôҪܿڡ
һȫɢȥҶ͹һ𣬳ʥǳȥ
Ҷֵһ׬ǧӰ𣬼ЩԣҲһʲСĲƸƺǶôġҶ˵òҶĶ
һǧӰ𣬻ǲ̫ˡҶҡͷЦ֪ϱΡ
һǧӰʥҲѾһʾ޿ˡͣɻصҶֵܵҪǮ
硢ɩӣ֪ڵĶ½ǻŰҵǶҪһ˹ҪһǧӰǧˣοи׷ҵˣҲؿ档Ҷ̾Ϣһ޳ԽԽңһͻ񺣾ϵĻޡΪﵽ񺣾֮󣬾ͱƳֻ֣취ɹ
죬𾪵ؿҶһ˾ҪһǧӰҶǧ˻и׷ˣ˵
ҶǾ֮ɫҶֵܣһ֮ˣԺʲôҪæĵطܿڣȻƵ΢һ㾡ȫġ
л硣Ҷ˵ͷ
һصסԺ䡣
죬Ҷһһֱҩʦջ⼸ҩʦԨνǴ⣬Ϊÿ춼嵽һǱԴ񵤣ΪһƷҩʦ֮вˣõܵͣÿнˮҲǱ˺ܶ࣬ȥһЩطƵˡ
Ҷֿ˲ٵ飬Щĵ飬ݶεӡҶԺ
ֻҪʮңܽһƷҩʦҪеȫ꣡


538 
һ죬Թ˷ɡ骵˾Ǽĵһ졣
˷ȥļֵܣ˰ı֮⣬ʮӰЩֵܶѵʱֹ֧ģˮ֮ԵӿȪ౨
֮⣬˷ɻǷµծԺһˣʣµǮ׼ţŮ
骻صң˵δѾõһСԺλʥ棬סСԺǳһԺ䣬Ժͷˡ
ôһﻧСԺͻһӰʮӰġ
ФԽҰ˻ص֮ҲǽԵծȫ壬Ȼס˺һס
ǵһӸ˺ܶ࣬ǰǰ㾽ˡ
˵ڶ죬䴫һЩԣ˵˷ɵ˽СԪ磬һöľ֮飬һϦ
˷֣һ˾˼ֵӰԺ䣬СԪ棬²ֹһöľ֮ô򵥡
β²ѯʣ骵˶û˵
ԭԹ˷ɵ񺣾ΪӾԲô࣬кܴһԭΪڴѹ˷ɡˣǹ˷ͻȻǹ˺ӣܻ˵֪Ϣ֮ķŭˤ˺ü鱦ƿε˺ݺݵѵһ١
˵ǱߴϢǹ˷ɵСٽСԪ磬κֻҪܹɱ˷ɡˣͿԻӰ͡û취߹˷ɡѾ׬Ǯȴа취ֹȥ׬Ǯ
֮ǲù˷ɡ˺ùġ
ɫҶ͹һԺ졣
磬֪ʥʲô׬Ǯ·𣿡Ҷʵ׼ֵһǧӰ
Ҫ˵׬ǮҲ˵̫ãһǧӰʱҲǼѡʥ׬ǮӪ϶ѾЩ¢ˣһǧӰ޷ʥﹺһҵ̣Ҳ޷һ˽ء̯̯֣ЦҪΪʥǵĹǷǳѵġ
ҶЩĬȻԪ½ײѾֻ̻һǧӰ𣬾˿ϲĴżǲܵġ
ĬƬ̣ҶһЩ滮⼸ҩʦѧ˲֪ʶԪ½֮һЩµ˽⡣ֻҪǧӰͿԾһͭѫλͿһЩϣȻԼһƷԴÿƳɹһöһƷԴ񵤣ͿԻӰ룬ȥСԪ׬ǮҪ˲١
㹻ǮҶ׼ȥһ˶½½Ǳ߻вٺöģҶڵʵѾԴ򿪵ص¥ǳΧĽˣһǳǣͿԻһʲƵĲƸֻһҪǧӰ
ҶֵܿͶӰ𣬵ǿȥһСԪ磬׬Ǯĺõطֻǵ˷һСԪ磬пܱ˽ɱЩǵصȻҶлޣϾʨүܹӵʵֻأʨүܹסһˡ
飬ϸһ¡ҶһµĿǰȷʵûʲôȽСԪ׬Ǯˡ
Ҫ׬ǧӰͭѫλҶͱٽСԪ硣
СԪҲ֪ʲôطǽȥȻҪӰ
һνСԪջǲģҲûʲô鷳ҶףԼΪ̫ˣһЩͷǾЩ鷳ˡصΪʨүҲֻܴصģСԪС
ҶҪȥСԪ磬˷ɡЩмҵģҲðա
Ҷ룬ҪҪԼһȥ׺Щطһԣ͵컻ոĻòĻӦòϳԼ
ҵ뵽˸ӣͻȻ뵽ʲô´˵
ʲô뷨
ʥʵкܶˣһʵû㹻ǮСԪ磬ǿ취ǮЩˣСԪ׬Ǯ֮󣬴ǵлȡֳɣһٿԷֵϡ۾ֵȻҲһյģСԪûʲô棬СԪǮղˡ
Ҷ룬ʧΪһ취ϸƣһЩ͵ˣ֮СԪ׬Ǯȴ˵ûô죿
ÿʮΪޣ󲻹û棬ҪջرϢʮԼΪƾ֤СԪ磬ǾֻգˡҶֽȻһյģôӦöǿеģһŶӽСԪٶ׬һЩֻжʮ֮һңһԻǱȽϵ͵ġ
뷨۾һĽһ˶ԣǿɳܵġһܺõ׬ǮǮĹһ㲻ôɣοЩ˸๤뵽׬ǮĻᣬǸ׬ǮĻᣬЩһƿô죿Լ׬ˣͨƽǣûǮ
ҽһǧӰȫ磬ȥɣֻҪСһЩľٶѾ˹ǵ棬ܻһЩ鷳Ҷ
ҶȻһǧӰȫͲǮ˽
ҶҶֵôңͲҰǮ˲㣿
Ź磬İǮߣֻԼʶ˲ǽѧˡҶһЦ˵
𽥱üᶨҶļЦһǧӰһᴦúõģҶֵܷĺˡҿóҶֵܾǳ֮һ죬ҶֵܳͷˣЯһλֵܡ
ȻҶЦ⼸˶ʱԣҶһѵġ
˵ɾ͸ɣһǧӰ֮󣬹ҹˣСһ㣬ĵؽ裬ҪЩע⵽ʥǻһЩģȥһЩ񺣾ߵļֻһϱȥٶ򣬵һǧӰ𶼲á
Щ˶й̶ϵȥСԪ磬ֻǿڴղǮϾʮӰɲСĿʮӰֻȥ׺ǣ󲿷Ĺʺȥ׺ǣȥСԪ̫ˣҶĽðǽ⡣
ҶĽϢҲȽϺʣӹǮׯǮҪз߳ϣ汻֮Ǿ׬Ǯˣοÿ˶ʸǮׯǮġ
ڶ죬ԼǰСԪƽŶӣͻȻǰһŶǰͷǳϡˣһ죬ͻȻʮƽŶӽСԪ硣
Ȼ˹ǵע⣬һЩԣ֪ЩƽǴŪǮ
Ǯˣֵģ˫Ҳǩ˱ԼƾЩô̽Ҳûܲô¡
ڶʱʣµİӰҲȥˡ
кܶ˵Ŀĵزǲ׺ǣһЩСԪ磬ԽԸһЩеʮصŶֱӽʮһǧӰá
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׺СԪ磬һӰ˷Ľ֮С
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Ҷ͵컻طΧЩ֮УҶȻһˣǾǸԼһԶ½Ԫɽ
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ԪɽĿ⳯Ҷ߿һۣܾҶмϤϢȴ벻Լʲôʱˡ
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İɣҸĻòϲңһĿ̫ˣԸǽȥҶ
̴ü˼Ƭ̣һҶӰĽˣǶԣһСջ


540 ǧӰ
Ҫ㱻ϳǿûԸǣ̴̧ͷҶ֪ҶʲôˣӰ׬õ׬׬ҲԸֵǰܹ˸ԱԱӦ࣬һǲǶֵģϳҶҪԸҲҶ
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Ƶʱ򣬵̴мʲߣЩΪǿҶѰŶһĶ飬ʵԸ߹ǡ
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ͬˣǧˣȫǿСԪ׬Ǯƽ񣬱ȹСҪö࣬Ǿˡ


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һһʮصǿŭһǵʳǴӹģǸҽСԪ磬Ժ󽫲ṩʳǣ
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ڶƽһ£漴˺ʲôûʳǲȥ𣿡
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ƽȺӿԹǵķŭˡ
һԡȹԭֺģƽǵķӦԽԽǽе㵯ѹסˣҲռơ
ǾҪСԪ磬ҪɱǾ;ɣŵĲ´ЬģҪɱǣѵᷴ𣡡
ԣɱһһɱ׬һʲôµģ
ƽЭһͬӿСԪ磬һŶʧ˴С
ЩͥԹۣûǰܣԵͥǲЩģͥɷҲû˵ƽŶӲܽСԪ硣
Ҫȥɱ𣿡ԪɽԱ߼ʮصʵ
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ȻƽǲʥǴģضԿ壬СԪпܻһһĳ档𡢵ǿû취СԪ磬ƽǵʮصĻвٵģСԪδռ˶ıˡ
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СԪƽŶӾ˺ܾãЩŶ֮󣬼ЩŶҲôһܣԭЩҲŻ˵ֽϻѣ
Ƕԣһξ޴ʤʹСԪǶԿġ
֪СԪ߷֮󣬹˷ɡ˶һᣬ˲񺣾ߣһص֪֯ǻʲôĶһֱһɢɳǺױƵġ
Ҷ֪СԪǱ߷飬ڵѾҶɽ֮ˡ
ҶͻȻҶɽȺǵ˿֮У˶ޱȡ
Ҷû뵽ҶôҶҶս˿ҶĺӣҲʪۿΪⱲӶټԺĶˣҶȥԪ½֮һǳģҹ£Ͼ֪Ԫ½һʲôĵط֪ҶǱ߹úòá
ҶϸԼԪ½֮ǲŷԪ½ȶ½ǰȫˡ
˵ģһǧӰһ˹ȥʵ̫ˣǹ˾мǧôǵӣܷܲǲܡҶսüͷǲԼ׵ģǵﲻҶҪ
ײصġҶοɫᶨһ취ģ̨Ͱ궼ȥսǱ߹ҲһЩչ
̨֪米ΪҶŮˣҶĺӺҶս˶ֿ˻û뵽ԼĺôͣҪ̨֪籿ʵ׿ı֮
Сӣƽʱ㻹ҶսЦŴһҶļ򣬴Ȥ
Ҷ˼ӣ뵽̨籺еĺӣϲ¶һɵЦǵôһЦ
ԾƬ̣ȻΪᣬҶվ׼뿪ˣиҪҪ
ף幫ҪһЩ飬ȻϽϻȥҪץʱ䣡Ҷ˵һǳ޵ֶ롣
æɡ޳ʱвǵġҶսĶӵļ򣬵
Ҷ˵ͷٵʱ䣬Сһһëëص¥ȥ
ص¥㣬֮ǡ
Ҷվ֮ǵĽ֮оһ£صʵѾܹ֮ǵĽơ
ǰ֮ĽӦǷǳ̵ģֻѾķ꣬άֽƵɢòˣƲŻ˴
ȻͨʼܹȥģҪ񺣼ϡ
ҶСǽ˻ʱ֮УȻ߶ڵ񺣣ǰ֮ǷȥڽӴ֮ǵĽ֮Ҷɳһȱವһ˽ȥ
Ҷ崩֮Զ޸
ʱһӰӶ
Сһ顢һëëëëж
ҶһӣС۷Źжˣ֮֮еƷȻãһʾ޴ĲƸ
֮ǰһУݱ䣬Ԫ½Ѫͳַַȣ˷츲صı仯֮ĶƷħս׵ȣѾ˵ƷˣȻǼֵơ
Ʒħս׵Ԫ½ѾֵʲôǮˣһƷħսףҲǼֵǧӰģϾʮ֮ڶ޷Ƶսװ
ҶӵЩս׵ĵ̣ܿأħս£һգƷڵħսҶ׼ȫָǣƷħսףҶ׼Ԫ½ȥ
ħս֮⣬Ҷ£˲ƷƷƷ鱦ȻûħսװֵǮһƷ鱦ʮӰһƷ鱦Ӱûʲôġ
ЩĵҩֱԶֿ⡣
ЩҩõԪ½ȥʲôˣҶ˺ǵ˵ǴģܹΪ
Ҷ֮ǣһĶСռͿˣҶѰЩܹԼȤĶ
񺣺ɨҶͻȻһ֮ǵĿȥ֮λãһǳΰĽԱߵϡԿӦ֮
ΰĽ̻Իͣߴֺ꣬һǿҵӾ
У
κһеУĽΪǹϲ˵ĵطռ˷ǳ֮
һжˣ
еĲƸҶģ
ҶԼٶӽУеΪ㣬ǧλã¥ϻһŵĺ䡣
ӹҶĿ˺һϣȻذڷһµľУʮдС׼ŵƷһƢĵںƮɢ
һҶѾվЩʢװƷľǰ档
Щɫľо֮ãһȴ򿪵ı䣬֪Щʲô


543 ǻһ
Ҷһӣͷ򿪡
ۡһ죬һźɫķ۳ð˳
֪ʲôѾ˷ĩĳֲױĶһǺ˵ζ
ҿûжģҶֻý˳ȥ
ڶӣӱȽϴҪ˫ֲܱùҶСĵش򿪺иǣ濴ȥֻȻڷһսףս׿ԭӦɫģǷʱ䣬ս׵ɫ˺ܶࡣ
Ҷս׵ı棬ֱʵؼӲŸصӡһɹϲɣ֮ȷⲻħսףȴ֪ʲôսף滹һۣɼս׵ս
Ҷоս͸һ˿Ʒħս׻ҪǿϢ
֪ܲܽսҶָѪȥֻѪ䵽ս֮󣬡̡һ˲仯ΪѪɢûսκκۼ
ҶҲûиоսκļ
սЩأȷһʲôսײС
ҶӹϣŽ˻ۿռ֮С
һһӣҶ½õƷħսףһЩҩ֮Ķ㲻Ҳûʲôر˶ĵĶˣʣľûд򿪡
ǰӣӦ׷ĺöӦѹı
СһӣĶҶһ£澲طһöӣöͨۺɫӨ͸ʯɣʱҪγˮһ㣬һŨķ˱Ƕеĵζöɢġ
ȥˣöȻǸոժһ㣬Σ磡
ȻҶΪģöӶô棬ΪöǡøҶɽľĹһģһ
ȻľϽЩڻûȫ죬öӦ͸˵ģӺζǻͬģҶϴ
öӼȻܳΪѹ֮Ȼͬ죬ǲ֪ʲôʲôáҶȻ˺ܶϣȻ֪Ҷɽľʲô֡
ľԶԼ
ҶöСĵ׼˺úõѯһ
ҶǸľУ֪ʲôһиǷһ̳Ҷ֮ڣ̵ܿ˸صķţһƯָ룬ԿóⶫѾǳˣ濴ȥƺԼԿǵ㣬嫵ǿһ㡣
֪ʲôģĪԲģ
оǹغ嫵ҶһֱǱ춦Ҫǿո춦ʱ춦ԼĻȥˣҶˡ
Ȳʲô˵ɡ
ҶС˽֮ɨøɸɾëҲûʣ£ҶлЩ˼ģϣԪǰҪֲźá
ص¥߲أ񺣾磬Ҳ˵ܰȻҶҲȥˣԺΪ
ջķᣬǰƷħսףҶܲˣоΪǶģײ֪սסľӻ̣֮ϲȷţԺлȷ;˵
Ҷ׼뿪ʱһͳɣԪǰ
˾ĸ̣Ԫǻ֮һһҪܣȻħ֣֮ԪǰҶĶ䣬ǰδеࡣ
ǻ
Ԫ½鱦֮ϱǵΪƷĻʱ顢춦֮ҲڵǶڿɳɳĵкʵķƷ٣۸ҲΪ󡣡
ԪǰƬֵ̣ǿĵǻԪ½Ҳе˾ĸ̣ңҲѿ£Ϊ˷ֹħ֣֮ҲŴ߶ص¥ǳ˽ʵĿǰлܽ߶
̾ǿ
Ԫǰ޷͸аҶľѣ֪Ǻ˴졣
ԪǰħǺ
˵ħԪв˶ٵħҲħ壬ǻΪǻС֮Уһ壬ǻꡣ
ǻһ壿Ҷһ¡
˶Ϊǻûģֻе𣬲Żףǻһ壬ϵһ壬ǵĸ壬Ǵǡ嫵УֻмһԵǻ꣬ǻ굮֮ʱǻۺʶǱûκս֮ǵ޵ħڣΪ˶ԿħǱ㿪ʼǻ
Ҳ˵Ǳǻ괴ģҶ𺳣ԭǻ꾹ǻĴߣȴ޴ڣƿ˵ˡ
ǾǵǴǻΪ˶ԿħһǱɣǴǻţֻǻںϣǲӵг׿츳ǿʵΪ棬ҲԿЩǿħ
ҶЩˣΪʲôЩʺסȴûеκǻ壬ΪЩ֮Уûǻֻеǻ򣬲Żǻ
˾ĸ̣ԪǵǻƳģ۷ʱڣҲֻܷ֮һܴܲ߶Ϳ컯ˡѾԪ½֪һЩ顣ǻں϶Ƕ٣Ԫʵ
0Ҷʵش
ǻں϶Ϊ0ôԪ૵˵ţĪ㲻ѡǻ˭أǻں϶Ϊ0ǾԲܳΪģΪȫ޷ǻ
ҶһԭԪǰΪԼһѡԼʧˡ
ҲգҸоĹЩ⣬ǷɵĵҲһλܴڣ㲻õǻҲܳΪһǿߡڽжĳɾͣȫƾԼˡԪƮԶȥ
ԪǰһȣҶһ£Լս׺ľʲôأԪѾˡ
ԪǰײβҶܣΧǿտĺڰڤڤ֮УҶ·оһ˫ĿעԼԪǰԪǰ˵ǻꡣ
ҲпԼĴҶš
ܶǻһԣ޲ǵģЩǻϵ֪Ժ۹⣬ЩԪϵǻġ
֮ǵĶȫ£֮ҶС˻صҶɽȣ˰Ʒħսסɫսסľʵ˾ĸ֮⣬ĶҶ׼ˣҶս졢Ҷ˴
ס幫һҪһЩ飬ҪԪ½ҶЩ˵ϵ̫أץʱ䡣
ôŻȥҶսȻ¶һ˿˸֮ɫҲûҶϵΣʱȣ⣬һҪġ
סҶ˵ͷһһɫᶨ˵һǶɹȥģ
ҶڿնҶս졢ҶСһ˶ҶɽﳯҶͣػֱָҶʧңԶʡ
ҶһԶ֮һ˿Ȼ֮ɫΣҪıǵˣǰװȥ
Ԫ½һۣ֮⣬ҪȥͱΪ۷Ĵڣ


544 Ʒħս
ҶһӦһ˿ѶϢϺǰңԶĵطġ
ҶôʹԪ½ˣϺЩ죬Ԫ½һˣҪһǧӰǧҶûбսߣҲûмκι£ôôԪ½׬ôǮ
ϺʮأΪͥµģʮʲҲʮӰѡȻʱڶ½Ū˲ٺöԪ½Ӱ𣬿Ҳ˶ѡ
ţҰϾҪȥҶ˵ӵķǼ֮صı
Ԫ½ҲˮϺЩпҶԽǻں϶Ϊ0ΪҶҪʥǵﻧӹӹµµһˣû뵽Ŷ̶ʮգҶͻ÷ˮԪ½ǧӰҲ֧
һлҪлϺǰҶϿҵصϺٵæĲ˵Ǽ̤Ǽİ
ĻϺЦԼҶ٣˵ԺҶء
رĺ򶳽һ޴ļ겻ƣ޴ļԵƯһɽ
ǺѹѹѩŰԽǿأԽóǣ紵ϣһѰУȫѪҺƺҪᡣ
ĺܰһЩʼ˲䶳ɱ񣬾񺣾ǿߣҲһҽΪ¶ʵ̫ˡ
ҶŷѩȫתűɲĺתڵŸоԺһЩ
ĺ̶ȱȲ׺ǵҪһЩģҶǿܹܡ
Ҷ񺣳ر̽˽ȥ
Ѱǿ޴ǳĵλą̃˵ǿǳı˱㵱УҪҵڳһѶȵġ
ԽǰУԽϺҶ¶ѩǣͷüҹһ֧֧⣬Ҷе޷ˡ
ʮصϺҲת֮԰Ҷֵ󲿷ֵĺ䣬Ҷͱһα
ҶСӣڣǰǧףڼر֮УʨүЩصص
Ҷ˳ʨүָʾһֱرҶԭΪǿǳĵĵط̫ֻǳû뵽ǿǳľ䵽ôĵط֮£
Ҳ֪ôȥġ
Ҷ֪ǣǳһԣڻΧļǳͷųǳ֮Ҳڽ⣬ʱƣǳǱ֮£ָ˼
ڣҶʱ򣬲ɵһ
ôһǳģм˰ɣҶޱȣǳһͷ׳ţһСԲ׶Σͷ£ͨɢźɫĹ󣬾ڼ֮УҶһӴоһŨǳ֮
ҶСӣҲûãʵ»òʨү˵ŷ
ҶЦǳڼرǳ㣬ǿõ֣ȫ֮УתҶڵʵҲȫ޷ƿ
ҪΪ޷ԿɢϺǿ֮ϵĽᾧ
ˣȼ꣬㹻ʵ
һ޴ǳģֵ¼ʮӰ𶼲ֹпܴﵽϰӰҪŪ֣Ƿǳˬġ
ʵϣҶǵ͹ļֵǳΪԭǲֵʲôǮģܹƳԴ񵤣ֵᷭʮֹ
ϧҶڵʵòֻܵԺ˵ˡ
Ҷһ˿ϧ뿪˼رϣûԼ֮ǰߡ
̨֮⣬֪û֪ǳĵĴڣҲڵȻὫ
Ҷﲻһ˿ȸУҪǱȵˣǾһ޴ʧ
ǳ׹ʱ򣬶½ǿӦöӦˣӺԪɽҲ֪Ϲ󣬲֪ΪʲôҶһֱϹ󲻻ںǳġ
Ϲ츳սҪʲôʲôǳĶԣӦòʲô
½ǿߣӦҲ֪
Ҫ֮ǰõǳģ
Ҷ׼ǳĵλøϺϺԼǿ϶òǳĵģһǳĵλñ˵ͥҶֻܵſˡϾϺǵͥˣÿ˶иԵ
˼رҶϺһ˿ѶϢ
ϺǰҪԪ½ˣҵǻϺǰաҶ˵а룬´ٳʱӦøϺ͵ǱʾһҲá
û⣬߷ʲôҲֵĻ֪ͨġϺǺһЦ
лǰҶ˵ţԪ½Ӷȥ
ҲĹҶٴλصʥǣһһǧӰ𣬲ջԣ㲻ʲôˣҪ֪һƷħս׿ǼֵǧӰ
Ԫ½ϻ񳯡
ʥǻһƽǰȴ˼ı仯
Ϊܶ񺣾ƽƶҶƽеü죬һ֯ٶߣЩ߲ʱŽСԪ磬ǵĻռʥǵĸСԪ硣
ǰСԪУռ˾ųɾϣȻڣеİ˳ɶЩƽУʣµһҶһɲǹǵġ
ʱƣԽԽ˲Ը£׷˳˹Ŷӣ뵽ƽŶ֮УҲһֱǵӰ
ʥǵĹǶҶΪУ޲ܽƤҪҶĵҲࡢһԵȹÿģҶˣҪɷʥɱˣҶһǧˡ
ҶŲЩʲôҲֹ׬ǮĽŲЩҶǮѾһһǧӰ׬ǮٶȿνǾˣ
ѩֻԽԽ󣬽ԽԽ࣡
ҶԺﶼҪעһ㣬ߺܶࡣҶڿʥйĳУǶǼֱǺ֮ǡ
ܵ𣿡Ҷ˵
ģŲأѪĹ壬ҧгݵغţ֪Ϊʲôȴмֿ⣡Ц֮ǰûٳЩǵĿ뵽ǰǾȵӣвһ˿ĿС
ôǵעⰲȫǣмħսףȥðɡҶ˵ԼѾʹһϵƷħսףݸףһ׸硢һ׸ɩӡһ׸˷ɴ磬ʣһ׸骰ɡ
Ҷֻչôˣʣ¼ħս׻á
ôħսףˣŵؿǰħսףҪ֪һƷħս׿ǼֵǧӰ
Ҷֵܣʹã˰ΣڷӦæƴǣ֪ҶЩħս׶ģħս̫أա


545 Ǯ
磬ż죬Ͱ׬ôǮ⼸ħսײʲôһҪעⰲȫǡҶЦŵ
˼Ƭ̣ʥǵĹǻ治֪ʲôֶΣأ¹ؼ˵òأ룬ɫصħս׾Ƚǣȷ粨ȥٻ㣡
ҶһգҲǿͷϾǴ˹̫棬һǰ˹ɱʯ٣ǲòһʥǾǹˣԶ֣Ҳֻ񺣾ĹƷħսףɱˡ
ҶֵܵǲõģִͥϣԪ½ٷ飬ָʹɱ˸ɱͬġԾ㵱꣬ǣҲɱңֻҪСԪû¡Ц
Ҷ΢΢ͷħսܹб޻
˴ϢȥʥͷһԴ񵤵ԭϣݹȥ
бԴ񵤵ԭϣͿԳƱԴˣҶѾһҩʦҪѧĶȫѧϰˣƱԴ񵤻ĵģǻۿռ춦ƱԴ񵤡
ҰŰɡԺһ֯ԱԸһ£Ƭ̣ٸƽӿԺӣȻһɢ
ҶЦû뵽ܹİ취͵컻طĻԼò֮󣬻Щƽ֮Уǰʥˡ
취൱ʹģԺ涢ҵ̽ȫץϹҪڼٸƽ֮аѸĻòҶҳѣ
ʥǵĹ嶼ˣת֪˿һԵʲôı飬ܿĻҶ뿴һ

ʥǣһԵľƹ֮УһȺＯᡣ
ʥǹٶ壬ΪϣĽһԵ˶ѣ󲿷ֶˣСԪ飬СԪô棬Щô׷
ôģ˶סֵĶŵһԣ˿Ҳ¶ŭɫ
һԴˣǼٸһӿǸϲĸҶ͹˷׷׹Щľս
һȺûõķͰһԽв豭ءһˤڵأŭ
һԴˣûãҶ͹̫ƻˡһ˵ͨ年һ壬ȻҪ˵
žһ죬һ˷һƣȵõڵأмغһʲôҲӻ㶢ˣʲôõϢûõ
һ˿ѪۿӯˮسǸϵĹ忴һۣԷȴؽͷ˦һߡ
Ǹǹһ˿ĮЦ⣬ЦΪһһԣûôɵ
еĹâףЩʲôǣҧ촽ۺԹ޵ؿһԵһۣȴǵͷʲô˵ˡ
һԵȴǿٿһͼŮˣֵǿһۣ˼¼
ǲСԪʲô취ûУʱֻܰѸƷĹӦȫϾˣСԪɱĻ޵ȴû취ơƬ̣һ⣬ЦЦֻһȦףԼ꣡
ĻһԵ棬΢΢ףмֿԡ

ҶĻòʥǵĽֵţһСӵľͷһҩ̣濴мӡ̵Ļһʮ꣬һæŰڷҩġ
ҪʲôǸʮֿʵ
ҪǼˡ
ƴһҶǼ˲ڡ
Ҷ֪Ǹ̶Ľͷ
ڣոһˡҶ˵
ɡƴҶ䣬һߵһţҶ˽ȥ
ҶһţǰȻʣʮֿǸõý̻Իֱͣͬһһ㣬ҩ̣澹Ǳж졣
ƽҶ֮󣬱뿪Źˡ
λϣһŻˣŶȣȤζشҶ
ҶҲǺܼɵشǰˣ˴ҲǸĻòģʮͨڷ˶Ҳŵֻ֣һ˫۾͸һɾǵɣһ̵ּĸо
ܹǸ˰ɡǸЦеصҲҶ
Ҷ˵ͷ̬ݣԼ߹ȥ˻һϡ
ǮȤζЦǺǵص
ֻǸţҾͲͨˡҶҲЦݵص
е֪ǮӦһҲλǮǳеλ壬ֻ֪ǮݼΪأʥúܴ󣬻ʲôⶼʲô׬Ǯʲô
ǮʥܴǮףط򲻵Ķﶼ򵽡
ҪٷһƷԴ񵤵ԭϣǮûмƽ飬ֱ⣬ڵصˣҿûȤ
ҪʮݣԺ˵򡣡
ʮݣҲʤްɡǮʲôɫϵľƱǳһڣ̾һαϣ۵һҪôϣΪƳһƷԴ񵤣Ļ뾭ҵ֣һξû취ԭˡ
ǼǮأҶһüͷ
ǮԲ͵ģгۣӰһöǮЦֺһھƣһܵı顣
ӰһöҲļ۸ǻ׬ʲôҶЩȻΪ۸ᱻѹû뵽ǰгģضһ䡣
ͲصˡԴǵͥƼϵĶǳޣںϣԴ񵤵ļ۸ѲֹӰˡǮ֪ͳһöӰ𣬷ָذţǹһĨĪЦ⡣
ǮɫҶȻһ뷨ǮõԴδģ˵Ǯһһҩʦ򵥣ΨһĽ;ǣǮҪıԴ񵤵ǳ
ȻˣɽҶǮıԴôֻҪǮļǮûвĵ
״ɣǮǳһڱоƣȻЦصҲµûĻӦþʥǽ˺ܴҶ˷ɡ˰ɣ
ҶȻһ⣬ԷȻЩŵȻôͲµԼݡ
ıȻòֶ󣬿ͼСǮеӰ𣬹Цϲд־ˣϲд־˺
ҶԼԽԽ͸Ǯˣвţ֪Էǵѣ᲻ʲô塣ԷǵˣӦûװڹǴ󷽵˵
˵Ǯ·ǳǮʲôǮ׬Ǯµǻۣ᲻֪ƽ׬ǮΪʲôǮһֱҶÿɷһЦ濪˻⡣
ȷʵ׬ǮҲûҲΪôڵʥǵĹ壬ʥ޷㣬еĹҲΪС
ԭǮҲв顣
ȻǲͬҲȱЩǮ׬Ǯŵǧǧ̫ע⣬񲻸ãǮЦݲ䣬öӰ𡰶һ׵˰գС


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ң׬ǮҴ׬Ǯ񲻸죿˺ܶ鷳Ǯּһ䣬һЦеӡ
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иĿʼϣԺиĺᡣǮоСһ㣬ʥЩѾʼ׼ԸˣסͬһԺķѾͨˡ
֪ˡȻѾǮµݣҶҲֱԵ
׼ǮЦڴˣҶܹʲô̶ȣ
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Ҷҩ˳Сﳯȥͷҩ̵ſڿһۣ¶Щ˼֮ɫǮ֪ʲôԺ˸֮⣬Ҳǲò
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ˣһܽţǮûЦǺǵ˵ǶԴһһ㡣
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ȻôΪʲôҪ⣿ЩĻش
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һЩ粨ҶȻЩçײʥеĹ壬µҲϸģûиץѱ
Ҷˣܳһı֪ҶôһƷԴ񵤵ԭϣһ׼ôѵҪҩʦҩʦҪķ粨»ȶҩʦ˿²ôװݣҩʦҲʥǵĹܹġ
벻ǣҶԭ׼ԼΪܿǻں϶Ϊ0ҶǾ޷Ƶҩġ
СڣͣƬ̵Ҷת׼뿪ˡ
û뵽ܸǮһġʨүЦе˵
֪ʲô֯ġҶĿ˸֪ܺǮʲô֯ҲܻǮȻעҶǶǶô⣬Ŀǰڹ״̬
ҶףЩǲصøһЩȽϺá

ҩʦ
Ҷ׼ǵݹЩʧؿҶʵһʱ䣬ҶЭ֮£ԨЧʱǰ̫࣬ÿ춼ܲöһƷԴ񵤣Ҷȴ˵Ҫ뿪ҩʦԣһʧ
Ҷ˵ͷҩʦͲΪջģȻѾѧһҩʦ֪ʶǾûмıҪˡ
ܶһЩҲ֪һЩ֪Ҷ϶ںôһǮģҲ˵ʲôĻ
Ҷͽ֮ʣԨײײ˽ƺ˾ƣϴż⣬ҶʱɫŭҶ˵Ҫˣ
ûҶشԨͷǵȥӰĹߺߣݹԺͱˣ
ԨǸƹǺȾƣһŲŲʣ̶̵֪ʮҶѾӶ顣
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ӰңԨþ˼֣㶣ŵؿҶ
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ҶľҰͺ֪Լˣֲ˼˷ɵ˿ڣ͵͵СԪǮ׬һСԪͱץˣ
ЩѺҰͺԸһһ·ƣպҰͺȻ֪ЩǵȦס
ҰͺϾﻧģ˼ȽϵôЩǵĶ֣


547 ŵʣ
ڹ˷ɡҶ˵֮ʣ骡ФԽ˴˽
˷ɴ磬ӺС豻ץˣҪȥǣд˽֮ɫ֮ԱȺ˸Ƿǳģ֪Ұͺ£еĽ֪
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˷ɺ͹ЩҪ˵ЩʲôƬ֮Ҷ仰ʲô˼΢΢һЦ
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İɣ˷ɴǾԲϵģһʹ죡ҰŭҪͺԸ˷ɵˣɱǻܡ
ǲǺֵҲǲԪɽЦȻҲǸɵʱǵСɡ
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Ұͺͷ񱩵Ұһ㣬ضԪɽܶĻԻԥؽԪɽ˺ҧƬ
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ԪɽôҶһԪɽң
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ɱǣԪɽ³һ֣һ֣˾Ұͺʺȥ
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һΣ˷ƺƬ̣ҧ˵
ʲôףԪɽͫ׶Ź˷ɣ¶һ˿Ц
ҪȷҰͺǲģΪ˱ʾĳģ˹ȥΪʰѺҰͺ軻ȷǺҰͺ裬ٰҶ͹ȥ˷ɿԵˣ骡ФԽȥ
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骺ФԽ˹ȥ
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ɵҰˮӿ䣬ǺԼֵܣ骺ФԽҲ˵˵
Ԫɽһۣ񺣽һЩѶϢ˷Ǳô


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ô죿ԪɽʵҲǳɻ
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忴ŶҶ˷ɵˣ޵ǾļƻôãòúҰͺСԪ磬ۿƻҪɹû뵽һ
ƷħսϣЩ˵ǴŪƷħս׵ģҪ֪һƷħս׿ǼֵǧӰ𣬶ǮҲδõ
·ϣҶ骡ФԽһһƷħսװǽǵģ˸ղһϷ
Ұͺ谲ȫ֮һеȨֻصҶ˵
սթ˵սթ˭һƺҰͺ裬ҰͺסҪЮǣ
ҶŶŭеŭҲױ


549 Ʒת
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Ⱥ֮УԪɽɫҰףͷкΪץҶİѱԽҶû뵽ǵҶʣԼΣյľأ
һȺƽƻ˹ԪɽɫسºϣɱǣԼȴЩ˵˺棬Ŀǰֻؾ磬ƽȻ츳ٶϵģһкܶﵽʮءǶϣֻ׶༪١
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552 ƾʲô
һ۹죬Ҷһֱһ˷ɡ˽СԪ磬׬˲ǮƷħսװҶȫ޾ʥǵĹǻ˰㡣
ƷħսװҶ˷ɡ˶СԪУжûʲô⣬׬ǮЧʴʨүСԪ磬Ȼɹ˷ɡȥᱦͿˡ
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ʥǵĹһǺܲԪģΪǾԼ̫ˣԾܣҪȥԪЩطðգڣΪ˽ϵΣһЩȴǲòȥˡ
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һԵһֱǸ߰ģǻں϶50ʵӣѾǵǿߣֹ⻷мԸҶ޷ԼᲢۡ
ʵȴǽȻ෴Լ̨籰ٰʾą̃ȴǲмһˣҶƺʮֵ̨籵ΪҶǻں϶Ϊ0ʥǸʲô˻Ҷȴͷ۲ѣСԪĴǱϣòҶ֡
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һµƽѣƾʲôսңһŭ𣬿ɶĵͥɷҪûеͥɷΪҪʰҶʵ練ƣ
һֲŭСȻ񣬵ġȰ΢΢죬һƽʱ൱侲ΪʲôڶԴҶϣȴЩתһҲˣŮǵĻ
̨ߺһԶ̨籵İĽ֮ǵûм٣˳˼ĺ룬ҹµĳ̶ȣھꡣ
һ԰Ľ̨籣Ȼûԣôῴаҡͷû뵽һԸһԣһŮ


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ʲôۣҶװĪؿǮʵ֪ԼƵĵҩжļֵ
ǮĻҶ֪ԭԼɵŵȵһƷԴ񵤣Ϊ񵱳һʱƵľ˾ۻ굤һƷԴҲҩˣûУֻƷˡ
ŵһƷԴ񵤻൱ģҶһʱҲöѣҩʦǼģ֪Ҷ뷨ҲƵѪŵȱԴ񵤵ЧҪҶôߣȥˡ
һǧӰһöǮıԴ񵤣״ؿҶʵڹ۲ҶɫȴǿʲôͨһƷԴҶӰļ۸չת־һǧӰļ۸ȥŵȵıԴ񵤣׬ܹ࣬һǧ˰Ӱ
һǧӰ𣡡Ҷۣصг鲻Ǻ˽⣬ãǮһ׬ÿ϶١
УһǧӰҾû׬ˣһǧӰ㻹ôﹺԭϣ𣿡ǮоһЦеصһ̵ģ
ҶҪͱǮﹺԭϣҶʥǵĹǶˣЩԭϻܡ
ҶҡҡͷƶصʵԭϺܼ򵥣Ұн˾һͭѫλͿԭˣһǧӰ𣬲ۣѾ׬ܶˡ
Ҷװ֪Ǯ޵ӣʵҲеãΪ֪ԼıԴʲôļ۸һǧӰҲѾԶԶԤϣֻװ˽ӡ
ǮܲﻹǾΪá
˾һͭѫλܹ򵽵ԭҲһģҪʮϻܣǮ˵һü˼һǧӰ׬٣͸ҶĵףҶƶΪҶѾ˽ˡ
һǧˣҪﹺԭϣȥ϶ܹܶ࣡
ǾһǧӰɣж٣Ǯ̾Ϣһһʹ顣
ȽöҶóöīɫŵȱԴ񵤡
ҶԻв٣ֻҶ϶һЩԴǮ˵ͷԣξͽöһϣֹöˡ
һʮԭϡҶصգ۱㽫ոյֵǧӰֶԭϡ
˽ףҶ֮뿪ҩ̡
ǮŵȱԴ񵤣һ˼û뵽ҶȻһҩʦ⵹е˼ˣǸҩʦҲ֪Ǻԭ򣬾Ȼһֱ¶棬ЩûҪܣе׬ͿˡöŵȱԴ񵤣ԼԵһöȻе׬ŵȵһƷԴ񵤣ÿζлԵϵġ
Ҷ뿪ҩ̣ߵ˷Ĵϣҩʦ׬Ǯ൱ģƳһöԴ񵤣׬ǧӰ𣬲Ԫ½׬Ǯְҵ֮һ
ҶҩʦͬһҩʦҩʦˣƳԴ񵤣Ҳᱻҩʦ䵽ԼľûˣܹԼԭҩʦࡣΪԴ񵤱ϸƣԼ۸Żǵ˾˵ĳ̶ȡ
Ҷһһţֵľͷӭһ
һǳƥаƥȫǼֵǵÿƥȫѩףûһ˿ɫ׵ȶշУҲնУĳʮֿȫħ죬ͨʣŴڶϡе鴮ɣǿۣ۾ֵӰ𣬸֪ڲݺˡ
ϣһŹʵĳڳͷԱ߸ʮӣϢɢѹ·ϵֵȥϵļƣ·ǻʵ۳Ѳһ㡣
Щʲôˣ
㲻֪ɣ˵ŵǻʳҵĹ
ԭǻʳңѹộ
ʲôʶٵ˲ʵ
Ұǿϻļ֮һ˵ǵ鲼ʮ񳯣ͷʲ²ǧӰ䱳һλսʼǿߡҴУǱǵһԴ˶ԶԶһ֪˵
һԵļԭֻʥһС壬ֻͻȻðһôһţΪӣˮǴߣһӱʥ֮ܳĹ壬ϻ񳯻ʳǴоԶĺȣ޷Ტ۵ġ
ǧӰ𣡡˵һ˵ֱĲƸ
ǲ֪ǣǧӰ𣬲ǱĲƸˡ
һԴ˶ԶԶ磬֪ʲôΪˣ
ô˵Ҳе˰ɣЩӵܵΪȴûô״
鲼ʮ񳯣ʲǧڣЩ񳯵ĺţȻ˵ãҶվһ˵ۣͨһ֮ġҶ־ɲһССϻ񳯣
ҰǨһ죬ҶҽΪЩ֮ϵĳţ
ȻĿЩңԶҶҲǺ
Ǽշеϣ̬Ȼظ·ˣ±ӣȶϿӹϴһ˿֮нԶǺһ·ųȥ
ȥڳȺˣܳҲǲòӭӡ
ҶԶԶųǱߣֻͣȺ󣬳˵ž»Ƶĳţϯĸװ׳³㹧һԣӦĻ֮˵Ϊܸߣǵһصǿߡ
ţϲһῡʵӣ˳üһĳۣԵӦþǸˡȻ̬ѣУȴһЩ˵Ľƻп롣
࣬һͷͨտޣ¹¹ƻǻϳһֻǣ̬
캣֣
캣֣ޣ
·ϵ˿ֻޣ׷פ㣬Ǿ̾ѡ


554 
һ͵Ϣֻ޵ɢΧܿƽһ˵͡
ް
Ѫͳ̫Ҳһֻް
ѪͳӵһֻޣĽ̾ˡ
ҶоĻޣǵģ
ֻ캣ֿʮʥӣһȴǲͣɨȺĿЩɫŮϣȻɫеģ̬ȴԵ÷ǳׯϡ
캣֣Ȼķ֮һ챱ʥѪͳСһ֪ʲôûɫʨүص
ֻ캣־ķ֮һ챱ʥѪͳҶ΢΢ȣһЩⷽϣ캣һޣȻκοǵˣеħԶᱻ챱ʥǴ˵еޣû뵽ѪͳȻһ
ܿСӵ̱һֻ챱ʥǿˣֻһֻ캣ְһֻ챱ʥлԷ¸£ǿɸİ£ȻѪͳСӿ϶û취캣ּġʨүش⣬˵飬ʨүԵúµӡ
ʨүĻҶЩʲôлԷʨүɫߣ
ܿ³ӭȥڳſں˼䣬׼ȥˡ
ʱһԡһڹԶԶ˹Цӭȥ
֣þò
þòһֱֶ΢Ц̬Χ۵Ůһ˷ܵش
ĸӵܣȻЩŮĿеİˡ
ֻ캣ָЩӣΧЩŮһۣһԵ˿׵ĺҲһȤûС
ʱͻȻܵһɼΪǿϢ֫һһǹϢݼţֻһ֣ҲоˣĪֻĴػͷ˿ΧΧ۵ȺǹϢ޴Ѱ١
ҶΧ۵Ⱥ˳һԺˣһ￴Ӹӣǻ᲻
֪ͻȻʥǣЩʲô
Ҷ΢ݣֻ±һԵѶԸö࣬ˮڣȰԼ˵
ϣΪӭĵٰʢᣬЩҶ޹ء
صԺ֮УҶһרһһƷԴ񵤣ʱܿȥ졣
ʱ䣬Ҷù˷ɡʱעʥǵĶʥ֮˺ܴĶӰʥ湺˴ĵԼһЩõء
ЩٶԷΪ⣬Ϊ׬Ǯʥֻû뵽鲼ʮ񳯵ĳţȻҲںʥСط
ǮֶԶ׬ġ
Ҷ²⣬ΪʥǼЩضǳ֮󣬳Ǽҵ䣬˸õȥһ㼫ٻὫó
أܴȻ˺ܶеĹ帻ôϻ񳯶ǳҲǲΪ档
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ǻвپ֣֪ܲһ
ҶѾùջӰټ⼸ƳһЩŵһƷԴ񵤣ʮö֮󣬻һǧӰܹǧӰ𣬹ôҲһ
ϾͿʼˣҶŹ᳡
ʥǵнڳеģݻſ֡
Ҷ͹ݣֻһͷܶǰŵλźܶ帻кܶ඼ǴʥǸϹġܡһԵˣڶİ档
лǰμӱεᣬһܹλе⣡չʾ̨ϣһԸеŮʦ΢΢һЦ˵ڿʼһǻʳҴģѪ漶ʥܹö
Ѫ漶ʥ
ţȻԿĶ
Ůʦ䣬᳡ը˹۷׷ס
òŮ˫ָһµӻչʾ̨еϣһöͬһĹӣһ
ܶ˿öӣ˿ڿˮЩ˵Ѫ漶ʥظ
˵öʥвŻôһöѪ漶ģֲʥΪ̣˵ԭ϶ǻ޵ʬ塣
ҪʨүǮ϶ҲһöһҶСӣֹҪǳһöԿֱӽ׵ϣǿǳϡȻöݲǺܳЧҲǼǿġʨүҼǧûû뵽Ԫ½˾ȻʥֲˣôҩҲѹڻôսʼĴˡʨү̾
ҩԺ󶼻еģڻǮֵãҪǮ׬ǮУҪһӵǧӰʲҶ˵Ҫ黹Ǿ׬㹻Ǯɽ
ҶСӣȥɣʨү㣬ԺǮˣǵøʨүһѪ漶ʥʨүЦֲȻҪʨүһСĸʨ
Ҷͷߡ
ϳѪ漶ʥһҲЩĶѪ漶ʥԵΪߣҲ൱ģΪѪ漶ʥƷԴ񵤵Ҫԭ֮һܵϸƣǺ򵽵ġ
һ̲ס˿ԼǬǮ֮ˣѪ漶ʥ򲻵ˡ
Ůʦչʾ̨ϱ˵׼ۣĹǷ׷׽мۡ
ǧ򣡡
ǧ򣡡
ǧ򣡡
һڣ

۸ѸöѪ漶ʥ۳ɽһöһǧӰһöǴﵽһǧӰ
ģҴģƼʥֵȻ޷Ѫ漶ģţҲǴ֮ɣŮʦ¶ƶЦݣƤգգۡ
᳡ٴһȳʮöƼʥÿöǧӰļ۸ɽ
ҶϷİῴһۣȻƻóԼֵĶϴҵʽˣۼԼȻЩأЩ־ڱصˡ
Уڼ˲ٺöҩ鱦ȵȣ˲ٵƷƷ鱦һһ߳
ǸŮʦ΢ЦſˣЩصĶѾȴܾˣǾʥǵʮأʮصʥǽڳ˺£ϻѾܾûôˣһĵطһƬƽԭԭһƬǸŮʦ˽ǿصλãһļһǧӰ𣡡


555 ˣ
ǧӰ𣡡ڰһۣ΢Ц
۸񣬴˶΢΢һ㶣ĺ˼֡ԭΪʮܼĵӰѾǳ˵ˣû뵽һھǧһʮܼǳڣ
ҹȻǲƴ֣
־ڱصˣ
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Աһԡ㵵ı飬оһ£Ͽҵصһ֣֡˼ʮأ־ڱصãλֵܳȫ
ôһ˵һԺô˼ٳۣһԡȻЩ࣬ҲֻڨڨһЦֿˣȻҪʮأ֮Ľ飬Ȼġ
ǾͶлˡֵתͷȴ¶һ˿ıóѵЦ⡣֮ǰƣʥΪʥһԺಢûж룬ֱڲ֪Ŀġ
һԺ˳ᣬҲͲΪˡҵ˳λ̳ˣͷڵʽʥƻмΪҪһԲʧ
Ҫʮػϲˡü˵һھͰѼ۸ӵǧӰ𣬿ɼʮضʮҪۣȻӼۣ۸϶ǡ
ҪʮزʵʽһؾͿˡҶƺԤϣص
һصļ۸ǳһڣϾͲ׬˰ֲʥңһĹõһأҪʮϣ׬һӰ𡣡Ҷò׼һϻһϰɣ
ֲʥֲͨ׬Ǯö࣬һϻһӰȻе׬ͨ壬˾ǿǮһӰģʮ׬ӰǺܼ򵥵ġ
д㡣ҶŵЦҪʮܰǮ׬һأòһ¾׬һӰֻǮ׬ǲģҪǮ
Ҷ׼Ӽۣ֮Ѿһ˿ˡ
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һüͷ
ǧ򣡡תͷԱߵ캣֣ʵ˭ڸ̧ۣ
ϴ϶˶ˡ캣ָ֪һ˵
Ȼӹһ⣬겻ɢļһ˳ϻ񳯵ĹȻǲŹԼŵҰһһֱʥǣ
ǧ򣡡
һڣ
һǧ򣡡
۸ѾʧˣҶЩ֪ʲôڸ̧ۣЩҪĶһ㣬һֱ۸̧һڰǧͣɫ࣬ȻԼļƻҪʥվȽŸЩأȻ۸еߣȻĳܷΧ֮ڡ
һԵһԺవզ಻ѣôһؾȻһڰǧǶе̲סԼתøˣ
ϻңȻǮ
ǰԼʽȫＯҲӰѣһڰǧӰļ۸һأǻϾ׬ʲôǮˣװԼʽǾԲġ
ҲһЩͷҶаЩ˺ǳĸԣ̧۵ģαϣϾЦ
ʽ˵ȺٿܲõһЩġ
ڶرȵһԴΣһǧļ۸ߡ
ĻڣΪĸ㡣
᳡Щ帻ֻؿһرߡ
صģܼ۾ȻߴʮӰԶԶ˵ԤϣЩصλͷЦۣԭΪʮӰѾܿɹˣû뵽ֻرʮӰļŲģ˷ܵ嶼΢΢
֮ʽȻûпݽߵӣͷȻ͡
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أһʥǽϽأһ֮кᴩƽֲŸ滨ݡ
غܺʣŮʦĽܣҶЩĶڲξۡ
ˣҶСӣҲھۣվԪɽʱעŴҶ뾺۵£һ˿񶾵Ĺâ㱨
ϴľСԪ磬񺣱Ҷ飬òӻȴһˣధ࣬ŵõһöҩò׻ָΪˣڿѾʥײˣ˵Ѿˡ
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ǶһۣѾ˴㣬ĳ۲ҶĻǾͻ뾺ˣҲҶƬأһµƽ񣬾ȻҲ빺أʵսǵͼޣ
һǧ򣡡ӼۣѾأƺûֵͣ˼
һǧ򣡡˳ۡ
һھǧ򣡡Ҷۡ
ԱߵĹҶȻ˸߼ۣɵۣаԽһأһڵļ۸¾Ѿܿ˰ҶȻ˫ļ۸ⲻſǮ
һüͷػʮʺֲʥģһھǧȻе󣬵ֵõģֳһμۡ
ڣ
һǧ򣡡Ҷۣʮƶƺؾݡ
˭üԱߵһʵ
һдϲŸҶأû뵽ҶȻԼˣǵȫѹ
֣˽ҶʥǵһƽΪ񺣾ȴΪţʥǵĹݺݵسҶһۡ
˿һԵɫƺҶƽΪŭ֪Ҷʲô£ЩɻصôˣȻκβһ񺣾ƽ񣿡
һԺԣоЩġ
˹ƶˣʮСģһε˵ʥСԪƿ˵ȥ
ĸкسҶڵķһۣһƽ̶ֳܹȣ׬ڶӰǮ˿ҲһЩ͵ġ
ֱۣҶ۸̧ǧӰ֮ŷֲʥȻ׬ǮǧӰһأҲ̫ЩѾأûҪ̫οزʺֲʥء
ǧһԵĶ˲ǾҶһأʵǲģҶǽм۵ľͷƲ־
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ǧ򣡡һԵһμӼۡ
Ҷ̧ͷһ¥ϵİᣬ¶һ˿ζЦ⣬ԥؼӼ۵ǧ򣡡³ϣҶҲܹ׬ȫûκ
ҶԱߵĹһû𾪵ؿҶҶѵ


556 Ҫ
һ֮һû뵽ҶСԪ½̶̵ʱգѾ׬ôǮˣһۣƬص˵ͷһҲҶǻӣȻҲӼôݣҧҧһļ롣
ǧ򣡡һƶ⣬μͷˣѼ۸̧ôѾˡ
۸һʱһɧһ鷽Բ߹ؾǧӰ֮ǰǴδй飡
ǸصĹѾú˸ż˷ܵĹâ
һԺ඼ס˺ȴҶӼۣǧļ۸أǾԻֻҪ̧Ҷصļ۸ѣΪҶ̫ˣ־ڱصá
û뵽һԼ֮ҶǱȴûϢ
ǧӰһΡŮʦûٳۣЦĵ
ǧӰڶΣû˳ۣ
һƬĬƺЩ
һԺĶѾᵽɤۣҶȻӼˡҶӼۣǾҪˣ
ҶСӸأֻԼⲻܣҶѼ۸еôߣģȻشҶ£һûκ˷ܵӣɫࡣ
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ŮʦɽһԺУǾþԻǧӰǾȻǧӰһ鷽Բ߹أĶˣ
⼸еǮˣ
ԱɫҰܵһԺֿ࣬·ȺеҶһ˿ζЦ⣬óҶصģֻһԺཫ۸̧һ̶ȣҶʱһԺһԺ຦˲պҶǸˡ
䶨Ҷαϣ΢۾һ۶¥İᡣ
شһһҶļЦҶֵܣղſˣԭڹһǰǴѪˣʹ죡
Ҷ΢ЦҡҡͷʵأֻһԺôҪҲ˼ֻøˡ
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ػҪģ滹һʵأһεĽѵһӦòٺ̧ˡ
һԺá
֣ղµأתָôһʮֿض˵
ǧļ۸ʵ̫ˣһǧ߰ǿԿǡƬ̣ĳضһԡҲϰλ׬ǮαΪ˶Ȿء
˵ļǣǾһǧתְɡһ΢΢鴤һ£ôһתֿ˾ǧ򰡣ֻҲֻʡ
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ڰ˿أʥҲȽϽһµǿڣһٵ֮дͨʥǣľïмСĺɫʮˣλĸۡǽڴ˴޽òô
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ǧ򣡡һмֱۣӰѼ۸ӵǧӰ˶ĲƴѾϰߵľˡ
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ǧ򣡡

ҶҲ˽мۣ۸еһǧӰ֮Ӽ۵ٶüزôʺֲʥ۸ѾǼˡ
һڰǧ򣡡Ҷֽмˡ
ҶֵܡֿʼţҶֹ
ҶһʾԼ
һԺҶһڱصõӣȴҲҹ̧ۣղһǵʽĹˣҶĵֻܿҶ޵ѹȴǺް취
˿·ҶЩ棬ֲʥطǮҲ׬ƽ񻨷֮ߵļ۸أ׻ʲôأ
忿˿αϣٽмۣҪҶصʲô
һڰǧӰ𣬳ɽŮʦһ
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һԵĹȴǿЦѣΪʲôһڰǧӰһأҶ׬һһʾ޿ʥǿ򵽴ʮذңôСһطʲôʲô޷һڰǧӰ׬
һڰǧӰ𰡣ĶڵѪˡ
Ҷȴûʹ飬ֻ֪ڵˣԲ߹ĵطǿһƬܴأһأ׬һڰǧ򻹲ɵ飿
ʣµأҲʵرߣˣǸóʮأ˰˿飬һһ飬Ҷһ顣һԵظյҲתø
µľſУһǸҶƬؽģҲûʲôشǳ٣һֳԵĽޡ
ĴһۣȻһЩ⣬ԼԤж֧ʮӰ𣬵ڿɳܵķΧ֮ڣҵϴ϶ǲԼùǵĿĲǹأǴΪ˶ĶһӼ۵һ̶ȣЩ˾Ͳˡڰ·ɱҶҶߵǿزʺֲʥԼļƻûʲô󰭣Ҳˡ
һһֱһ᲻ףһҪǹʹô׾ͱãҲΪҵĵ˳λ̳ˡ
лĻҪһһڰǧӰأһԳƿƽ
֮ǸԸеŮʦϷİĵؿһۣЦбһ˿ζ
ᵽ˽ҸʥǵĹת˼⽫سۣȥ˸ļ۸񣬻λġ
ֱǸ⣬ܿģܸϵӦûӸ
ʥǵƽЩʧصļҪнˮҲܸߣѹ˹ǵռ䣬ֲңʥʥѾ׬ʲôǮˣܶ⡣
ԭصĻлһЩ᲻ãǰսϵļ۸һԥģļ۸񻹲Ǽֱɵϣĵʵǽǵȼü֮
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557 Ҷļƻ
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ӰǲֹһСԪ磬ֻҪĻ׬ʮӰɵģʥ߰˰ٸƽŶӣŶӽСԪѾˣ˵Ҳ߰ϡһ˵
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ʮӰ𣬿϶򲻵һƬأ԰ɣҶЦ˵
ǵȻʥһƬټֵǧӰϣĵ۸ǷʮĬƬ˵ò׼طָɣǵͥɷ涨һƬָֻܷԲ幫ǵѾָܼˡ
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ǾˡƬظʥǲСʱ·̣йٵͨȻǷġָһؿǷǳլԺһȸٶɣǵլԺһҪߣܱʥլԺѷɫܱ߾ƹݡҩʲôģеĶһҪСﹺլԺƽ񣬶صдլԺӵȨתȨ
ҶĻ㶵ؿҶֽһСͳУҶķӱʥǵĻҪãñʥǱˣ϶ܳǮܶ˿϶ṲͬʹһլԺġ
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ģʽҶģǰЩԴΰƽĻ뵽תƽ
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տʼʥǵĹԹ۵̬ȣҶһУţһƽһլӾ˷ܳˣû棬ʱƣ˽լԺʮධԤٶධЩסˡ
һˣٶլԺÿʮһӰҲζҶѾнӰˡ
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˴ģֲʥ֮⣬ʼչʬ壬񺣾ϵĻʬ嶼ȽϹ󣬵ڵĻʬ壬۸൱ˣʥķò˵Ը⽫ʼڻʬСԪˣԻѱȽٵǮﹺ򳬴ռǬ
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һöɫָͳӣݵط˼ƬӨ͸ҶȻóһӾµˮˮˮ뱭УǺеˮǼƬҶ忪һɵŵʱ
Ҷʥݣԭսʽ磬ֻսʼǿ߲ܽ룬ҵļ֡һƬССҶֵӰ𣬶ˮȡĺԪҺһҲҪӰ𡣴˲ʥ飬֮ɾ֮ܣˮȻһҶ룡
ԼȻضһƷһڣ¶ȫȻܵ顣
ҶǰǱ裬ЩѵΪŸһˮƬʥݣҲ˵ͼֵǧˣֻΪԼһɣ
ôһ£ЦؿҶ
ʲôҶס˼άʵ̫ԾˣʵĪ
ңұһ󡣡ʮؿҶ˵
ҶпЦҸоδҲ̫һ㡣
ҿǸ˲ţעҪΪϻҼˣδ˵ϻ񳯵ĹңܷӸĲܡҶ˵Щ԰֮ɫֻҪ¶һ˿⣬Ǿ˵˸Ҷͷݣ
Ҷؿһﲻӽˮ˰ɣ
ΪҶԼǿ𾪵ˣЩ⡣
ϻ񳯵ĹҶü
ǧصȻǻں϶Ϊ0ĲŻԲؾΪ⣬ֻҪҵĻʦһҲܹҫ
ҶЩˣƽ֮䣬Խĺ蹵ԹѾ𽵹ҶҶм㣿ҲΪԼʶĸԵãһسΪҵļΪϻ񳯵ĹǧأУԼ׹é®һ£ȻҲ
Ŀǵϻ񳯵ĹδҲ̫С˵ɣҶЦһȻ֪ĿģˣǱһ
֣ʲôֵ֣ˣЩŵص̫С
ϻ񳯵Ĺʲô˼ʲôõģԪ½жٸ񳯣Ҷص飬˵͸ײһֵһᡣ
ϻ񳯵ĹôСˣһ֮ټһ£Ȼǲط˵ǧڵʲϻ񳯵ĹȻ޷Ტۣϻ񳯵Ļ񳯵ÿͳǧӰͬʱӵܱ鲼սǿ߱ȱȽǣϻ񳯹ı󣬸λսǿߵ֧֡ôСˣ
һԵ캣ƳҶҲЩޣܹﵽ־磬֮ˣȻҶһССƽ˵СҶҲ·ͷ
Ҷʼ磬ǲмͣȸ֪֮־


561 ʨү
ȻҶеĲмֻ˵Ұ̫ģ⻹һα˳Ū̫СҪˣô͸̫Сˣһֻ̫֮СѵҪΪսʡ񼶵ĴڣǸֹҲ㹻츳У
̸ģҵǿԿǿǡҶ΢Ц
ʲô̸ֻǼӰһЩ޵˵ҶЩ̫ʶ̧ˡ
ҶƬصլԺȫ⣬£ʮӰԿһ£ҲֻԿһ¶ѣҶҪʥ׬ʮӰûôסǮⶫ룬ҪҶ̫̫ˡ
СӣϴǸ˲ţ֪ô캣ȵֻׯµӺǲмʵЩ
ҶһԱߵ캣֡
캣֣ҵĻޣأҶĿ⣬΢Щ˵ϻ񳯵Уһֻ캣޵ļ۸ߴٶӰ𣡡
˵ʱǰѶǮߣѵȫȻͬǼ׺пġĽӵеĽǮϣĿ꣬ҲӵиĽǮ
Ļ캣ҲԳֵ֮ɫ·ԼֵӰһʲôǳֵ԰顣
һֻӽ캣ֶѣҶȫӣЦķ֮һ챱ʥѪͳ
Сӣ˵ʲôȻΰ캣һ壬Ҫ캣߸ߵǰ㣬һץӣŭصҶѪͳˡ
ǣҶô֪ķ֮һ챱ʥѪͳģ
ɫүүһ١
϶ڼң캣ĻޣϻҲҲֻȴ˿ΪԸصǲһֻ캣ֵļֵģЩˣһӶ޷ӵһֻޡ
еԽǲᱻ׸ģԼ֮ӣ츳׿еλǮӢߵﶼŮ˷ļУԶڻŽ֮УмڸҶƽƽϡ
˭˵ûлޣҶЦţȻп롢ϲҫƸȴô񣬱һԡЩò˾ӣݶҪõöࡣ
Ҳлޣó֪ʲôϹŴеѪͳһŵؿҶҶΪʲôޡ޶ܳƵޣ
ҶעƬ̣صҰҵĻٻ㱣֤йܣ
ãҲ˵ˡЩЦҶһɷнµӣʲô˲õĻһ
һԵ캣ҲƲƲ죬ҶٻʲôޣѵѪͳϳ캣ֲɣ
ǾǼʶʶҵĻޣҶ¶һ˿ص΢Ц˵ʨүɡ
һ䣬ֻҶͻȻ⻪һֻ޴ʨӶҶԣǾ޴ͨȼɫĻ档
𣡡ʨү˸Ƿһ˯죬˴˺ΣƺЩӣ۾ɨһ캣֡
ʨүֻ͸һ˿Ϣͽ캣ֳ׵סˣ캣ֵӶɵǸ뵰һضʨү
ʨүԼңëɣ׳ȫȼɫĻ棬һǿѹȸУΪǿߣ캣ֻֽǸܵôһϢоʨүսʼĴڣ
սʼ
Ԫ½ܹһʮλսʣְࡢޡеսǿߡ
ÿһλսʣԪ½˵һĴڡ
ϻ񳯵ĹҲǵʮضѣҪϻλҪһս֧֣Ϊ˻սǵ֧֣ϻ񳯵Ĺÿ궼ҪϹƷЩսǿߡ
Ȼǰֶһλսʣ
ξһֲʵĸоҶȻһֻսʼĻޣλսʼ޾ȻĸԸѹΪΪҶĻޣ
ͨȼɫʨүһ٣Ȼӿ죬ĪǰֻʨӾǴ˵еϻʨϻʨһʮ۷Ⱥ֮һȻֻŵϵߣҲԶԶ캣ִμܹģ
սʼϻʨΪޣʲô
Աߵ캣ҲһͣѾ𾪵ȫ˵ˣܸоʨүѪͳĴޣʨүһȣʵЬ䡣Ǵ캣ѪͳϻʨѪͳҲȫ޷⣡
ɵɵؿʨүûعȻ뵽ʲôضҶ֮ǰǻں϶ȵʱ򣬽Ϊ0ôܣǻᾧ޷ǻں϶ȣҲ㻤޵ǻں϶ȣ
սʼϻʨǻں϶Ҳʮɣ
Ҷʼ磬˵һСֶΣǻᾧͼⲻˣʵҶԼҲ֪ǻᾧΪʲôԼǻں϶Ϊ0ֻ˸һ
ǻᾧܱƭ
Ҳǣǧûгֹһǻں϶Ϊ0ģƫƫҶֽţţܶǻᾧֽţ⾿ʲôĴڰ
ΪʲôҶڻֻصΪ
Ȼ뵽˵һЩţΪǿԼΪתѹΪʵԱڳߵľ磬ĪҶҲĴڣ
뵽ղҶ侲Ц˵Լ̫СˣѵҶ֮ӣţ
ѹҶһ֮λöۣ
ͷҶĿȻȫͬˣҶȴǲ֪ԼһԲôࡣ
ʶһõĻᰡܸҶãһȷ͵õʨүλսʼǿߵ֧֣ܹõսʼǿߵ֧֣ٴ۶ֵð
Աߵ캣ʹ˸ɫ캣ֻ⣬˺˳ЦݣЦ߹ȥſʨүĽűߣһ˳Сӡ
ʨүãҽдʯ캣һ塣
ʨү̧һ۽űߵĴʯ۾
ʨүëְ
ϻʨһݵˣҿϻʨһڸ۷ȺŽǰǰû۹⡣
ʨүԼʯ˿٣ϵ˵ţͣʨүƨ
ЩҶһ񺮣㼦Ƥˣ캣˵лȫôݸ壬Ļƽʱʥׯϵӣ
Ҷֵ֮ܰǰ۲ʶ̩ɽڨڨЦһʣǺȾƣԷϵشӿռָóһ̳ƣһŨľѸٵɢ˳ȥ
ŵǾ㣬ԶʨүЩ⶯ᡣ
˾Ȼʱ޿̶עʨүı飬Ͻóڴ룬Ѿϡ
ʯʨүȾƣһ۴ʯ˵
ʨү룡캣ʮֹȵص
ʨүǰצһؽһ̳ӾƸȡ˹ž̳˹ˡھͽ̳ƺ˸׳졣
΢΢Щ鴤ʥɵģôһ̳ǼֵǧӰ𰡣


562 Ժ㣡
þƣʨүҰҰͣۿʮصιСӣ𣿡
лУȻУϲæ˵ִӽָó̳ʥ
ʨүܴƷˡҶ΢΢鴤аЦ˵
ҶֵĻܹʨүȾƣĳң̳ӾƶѣܹҶֵܣʵңҲһٱ˵
ɣҶҲǾٱһ
Сӣ϶Ǳʨү嵽ˣΪԼʲôأҶҲƣ˳ˮۣһҾ¶ǣҶʱоӿƹȻǺþƣЧһƷԴǿ˲١
ҶͶ˼־ƺ˵ĻҲҶӻѡ
Ҷֵܣղ˵Ҹ̫Сˣĳ룬ǰֻ֮ܣ簡ЩԴż˵ţ뾡ĳ룬׬ǧڣҶҪǮǼͷӿѡһ˳λ̳ˣǶôѡ񣡵Ϊϻ񳯵ĹˣȢٸţٸӣǵеȥԪ½˵ҵĸִ󲻴󣿡
ˣҶЦҲһ⡣
ûأ˵Ҹִ󲻴󣿡ʣִŵʵ
ֵĸ֡ͦġҶεشһ˵ˣǲþġ
Ҿ֪֪һ㣬˵ûˣҶֲ֪ҿడʮʱϵʮ常ţǰͷӿѡҵ˳λ̳ˣƨǺ޲ð߳ңϴ϶ʲôͣûõ竣иõҳҲ뵱竣أ竵ʱʲôҪǵϴ϶Ȩһ֮𣿡
ƺǾƺԣ˵˵ţ˵ҶҶļҵһۿҶֵܵʱҾ֪ҶֵܾԲƽˣȻ֪ΪʲôһҶֵҾ;رУԺֵܣʲôֻҪһԲһȻث֣
ҶۣһԱߵ캣֣캣־һСһźʨүߡ
ôСûСأʲôƺԣװģ
Ҷ˵ҲҶļ򣬾һֳһĳ˵ҲףӽԺ㣡
ҶĻһһţ漴Ҷ磬ӽԺҴˣŲ˭˭СأȰѴʵ˵ôʨүսʼĴܣҶԲġ
ҶСƺĳת޵ˡʨүҶʨүϾ£ǿóһЩ뷨ġ
ΪڹؼʱڣʱòѹΪʱˣΪͷųȫΪߺߣ˵ҵļϻ񳯵ĹҲùԹԺһүҶɡ˵
ҶĻоĶŶһ£ȻԼ²һ׬ˣ׬ˣ
æָҶһƣٱҶ磬СˣֵʲôҲ˵ˣɣ
ɣ
һԵʨү۾гһ죬һһžƵҶֿ˿캣֡
ʨүԺҾСˣҾ캣дʵ˵
ʨүбۿŴʯ캣ֱӦȻģķ֮һ챱ʥѪͳôôթƻˡ
ʯͷʨүҲͦϲģһ֪û취캣һȥҲѧʲô캣ֵľʨүʹһ캣һľʨүҲǼʶ㣬׹캣һļֹ֮һҪúʨүצһһ˴ʯԺ֮С
ʯоһӰԺӹһĻĻӰ֮󣬴ʯޱȼ캣һ嶥⹦û֪ʨүǴġ
ҲǣϻʨһôоԶ޼壬϶ȡһ޼Ĺоģ޼϶ôɣ⼸ǹˡ
ʨүⲿôֻһְʯԺеĹӰ֮󣬿ɻصѪͳȷʵû취캣һģҲѧ캣һĹ쿴ʨүڵĹöҪˣȻ֣ʨүڵģֻǰһСΣ
ʨүֻǰһС֡
ʨүΪʲôֻǰһС֣캣еҪץӸΡ
ⲿޱȣҪóȻĲ֣߻ħӣԵǰģʨүٽĴڸ㡣ʨүĵ˵
캣żصұ֤óȻĹֱʨүˡ
Ҫסô꣬ȥúɡѵ㻹ʨүҲĹ㲻ɣʨүƳһ캣֡
ûûУ캣æϵȻʨүô˵ˣҪǻੲݣʨүԺ󶼲ںĹˣÿ
ֻǵõôһ㣬Ҳ㹻˷ܾܺˡ֮ǰƾųǿѪͳټ챱ʥүӵĹ˵أһͺˣϾ챱ʥѪͳֻռķ֮һѣҪͱѧ캣һ崿Уû뵽쾹˾ϲջ
ϻʨ̧Ƥһ캣֣΢΢һƲСӣʨүó㶫Ͱֻ˰ɣʨүҰĹڸ㣬ô򵥣ʨү㶼㣬Ժ͹ԹԵظʨүСܰɣ
ƾһ׹캣Ժ󻹲ùԹ
ҶףȻԼֵܣ˲Ǳ˴˿˶ԷһЩüֵԼûʲôĵطʨүǰ캣ָƵġ
ĿǰΪֹԼݣΪԼʲôš
ʨүʲôΪʣ״ʵ
սסϣҶûϾҪԺѻҲǲ̫ʰġ
սװ΢һʮλս֮УһҶֻսһ׵ģʨүսףһҲǰʮսǿˡ
ʨүһһֻǿĻޣҵǰӡһöӡ֮Уûͷų
ʨүǿĶһ
սʮءҶؿһȻ˵Ȼ֪ӡӡӡʲôҶʨү֪ǿһֻԽսʼڵޣΪ˼еķҶװ͸¶ôһ㡣
սʮأ𾪵ؿһҶĪҶ񼶵Ĵתޣ
Ԫܹʮλ񣬲֪һλأʮλѾû¶ˣҶ˵ԼеκһλɡϾսʼĻ޲˭ӵеģԪ½ս۷ȺҲδѱһֻսʼޣοҶһ߶ѡ
˴תޣʲô㲻ǴתޣҲǴܺᣡ벻Ŀˡ


563 ݺݽѵǣ
ȾơҶļ򣬵ɣĵ˵ö˵㣬Ļɲ⴫
Ҷ֡ͻȻ֣ҶֵƺЩףҶǴתޣҶǴûߣ
һƺѣôУԺ㶼Ҷ־ͺˡҶЦŵԵüΪѡ
һ֪Ҷġʵݡ֮󣬸ҶദʱѹǷǳģһҶˣֱҪԲ˶ߡ
ʨү飬ܸκ͸¶һЩšҶ
ϽԼ˵ȥ
ʥһЩ鷳ҲԶ֡Ҷһߺžƣһ͸һЩ˼
һԣİɣһȻʵӣδжôܳ裬һظҶκ鷳Ҷܸ㶨
ǺãͽˡҶ΢΢һЦһģ
ҶĻǺţѵܳΪϻ񳯵һ֮ԭǴ˵е鰡Ҷİţ
˷ܲѡ
һ֮ҶʨүٴûԼ󱳵У캣ִլԺ˳
˷ɡ˶վ棬ǵȻ֪Ҷ飬ΨҶʲôͻȴš
լԺǴ򿪣Ҷ캣ִԺ˳
˵ı飬Ӧûзʲôͻ˷ɺ͹һۣһϾֻʳǵĳţǿﲻģұࡢһԵҪѶԸˡ
˷ɡ˿Ҷ𣬲ſţǽоˡ
ô񡭡еְ
ʱ洺磬̬֮жҶΪǫӣô£
һԵ캣֣ҲԵһСһ㣬Ҷĺ棬ͲûйŸҶˡ
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Ҷ磬Ժ¾ҵ£ϡ˭ҪǸҶҸû꣡ԺʲôԸϵɽ»Ҳ쵽Ҿˣ֮ǰһġ
˷ɡֱⷬɵˣ㶵ؿҶ˶Ӳʹˡ
ʲôˣǿϻ񳯵ĳŵӣҵĵ˳λ̳ˣǿǿɼȻҶʲô˹ǫ
ԼȥɣҾͲˡҶЦ
ͣͣءæͷ캣ֱ㳯ȥ
˷ɺ͹״ӭȥ
£ɡ˷΢΢Ȼ֪ΪʲôԭҶ˹ϻҪλġ
λˣЦŵ˳ִֵĽָ֮ó˼öʥ˹˷ɺ͹͸ǵġ
⡭˷ɡЩ㶡
ĳһ⣬ʥ췽ġ΢΢һЦλ°ɡ
˷ɺ͹ʥҲŵģ췽ȻûơѪ桢Ϻô󣬵ҲǼֵӰ𰡣кüŰǮ͵㶫ôֵǮ
ӣǾܾǲã˷ɺ͹
˷ɺ͹£ЦۣҶߵˣҲҪùϵġ
˷ɺ͹ͳأ֮Ȼ˷ĪҶߣǴ׬
캣֣ҲƮƮȻͬƶˣҪ֪ոѧ캣һĶ
뵱꣬ΪʲôΪԼĴ
ҵ˳λ̳ˣ常̨ѱ߳ˣ常ڣҲǱٰżղòʥСطһԸгһǿƻصңЩ˺ݺݵزڽ¡
캣һӣгһգҪص캣һ壬ݺݵسЩϼһЩʥ߹캣ֵĹȫ
ʯ뵽۾ʱЦгһ죬·𿴵һ캣һŮԼǰӡ
ֻһ뵽ԼõĹֻǰһС֣ʯˣȻЩ̣ʨүֻڸôһ㣬ҲʨүƾʲôôķȫڸϾԼûֳ㹻ģʨүҲǺġ
ǿ캣һľΪǾʨүҲ⣡
ôû
ޣ캣һͷĳ֮⣬ȫرԴɣûһͷ
캣Ǵ⣬ԲҶַһַѧ캣һľˣʧܹܵġ
캣ߣҶ΢΢һЦ
ҶСӣ캣ǾӲˣ׼ôǣʨүЦеؿҶ
һԡѾַˣǲҪʱǣʱɫˣҶ֮ǰ֮һֱûг֣ΪҶ£ȱһЩԸһԡֶΣڣҶԽԸһԡˣͺðˡ
ҶСӣ֪ʲô𣿡ʨүЩп˵һ㣬Լ壬֪㣬ȴûǣڶ㣬ԵһԲϳԿˣ˿һرҪʨүҵɷҲգ˵Щˡ
ʱȥ죬骺ФԽҶɡҶ诡ҶҶҶƽ˵ִҶء
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Ҷ磡ҶɡҶ诡ҶƽҶޱȣΧ
ҶҶҶҶĸ磬Ե΢һЩҲ¶֮ɫ
֮ǰ骺ФԽ˵ҶѣҪԪ½ʱǶе㲻ţֱڼҶǵĲ
һ·ϣ骺ФԽ˵˺ܶ࣬û뵽ҶԪ½֮󣬶̶ʱھȻô飬мָе
ҲҶ΢΢ͷ⡣
˾ñط꣬Ȼ˼䡣
Ҷ磬⼸ǣһ͹˷ҶѯʵԵÿС
Ƕڶ½ˣǸԪ½Ҷг˵
Ԫ½һҶҪǶӶ½Ǳ߽ӹ
;ʲô飿Ҷ骺ФԽ
骺ФԽһмֳɵӡ
޷ԼˡҶڰ֣骺ФԽֱ˵
ҶĻһϲҶѾԼжʱ˼˷ܡ
骵˵ͷ˵ǵ½֮ûСʱһһҲŹˣҶǶ֣ҺФԽ˸ˣȻǵΪûߣ˶ٻħսףˡҿϺǰӻҶǶûг£Ȼϡ
骺ФԽĻҶüͷһԺǣջǶԼ˶ˡ˾ĸѣҶǰ˾骺ФԽȥ򡭡
һԺࣿһɫʱ֪ĶȻҰҶϣǳıӵˣһҪݺݵؽѵѵǣ


564 ֲĲ
ҶȻ֪⻰˵Լģ˵飬ֵܾͲسˣȻڲ֣ԸһԺ࣬ûʲôġ
УСõҶԼ֣СͿˡҶģҪҶ˸ëʱҶΨʣ
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ҶĻԼֵܣôʲôͿһԺ˲ˬˣҶһԺǰ컹ȹأһԺǱȽϰͽġ
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Сǻں϶ж٣Ҷƽʵǻں϶ԽԽ͸ˣԼȷʵӰΧ˵ǻں϶ȣСԼôãǻں϶ȾԲ͵ġ
ǻں϶ȡ70һ£Щľս˵֣ǻں϶70ֻڴ˵֮Уû뵽챻ۼˡ
һǻں϶ȴﵽ70Ĵڣٶȼֱףǻں϶50ģսҲҪʮ꣬һ㶼ҪϣеҪ꣬ǻں϶70ܼܴܿﵽսʼˡţ޷ó
ǻں϶70Գ񼶵75ҲֻǲһѣԴ񵤵ȳҩú˵ϣΪ
Ԫ½˵ĳǿߣǳԪ½ɷ
оҶ֮Ѿеܲסѹˣ֮ǰԳôǻں϶50µģѾ𾪵ˣû뵽ھȻðһ̬ġ
˵ҶŮˣǻں϶ȶ70ϣǱϾлûôĸоھֲԳһǻں϶70ģѾ֪ôԼˡ
ǻں϶70ϺҲɵˣ㶵ؿС
ϺоþòƽЩţҶ˳˼
Сһǻں϶71һ70Ԫ½ӵǧڵ˿ڣǻں϶ȳ70ģԲˡǻں϶ȴﵽ70ϵˣֵĸʽмʮڷ֮һʮ˿֮Упܳһǻں϶ȴﵽ70ϵģҶ߾ȻǶ٣
˷ɡҲǻУҶߵģôȫһ̬
ǻں϶70
Ҷߵˣǻں϶ʮ඼͵ˣ
һȺ˽ǻں϶ȵȫˣЩոɽҶ˺ǵĪؿЩ𾪵ӣЩͷԡ
Ҷ磬Ҳһ°ɡԴҶ½ЦصͷϵǱҰڶԵøɰȻ֪ǻں϶ȴʲôСǻں϶ȴﵽ70Ҳ
Сɿǻᾧܹǻᾧˣһӣǻᾧɵǰ
ǻᾧҲǶƬ̣Ȼűҫ۶ĿСղŲԵʱࡣ
ǻں϶70鲻Խ૵һƬհףһǻں϶70ģ˿̵Ѿ𾪵ľˡ
ܵҶӰǱȽСģѪǻں϶ȺܸҲ
ʵҶҲһЩӰģȻѪѪŨѾȽϵˣҶѪһãǻں϶Ȳܴﵽ70ܹﵽʮѾǼˡ
ϺǰСǻں϶ȶﵽ70ʸѧ˰ɣҶЦſϺ˵ȻѾµСǻں϶Ȳ֤ͣʵ֮ҶǺܿĺԺģԼĵܵú顣
ȻܽѧСѧұ֤һԵõõϺعʮƶ˵
ǺãҾͰСίиǰˡҶ˿Сû㹻ԴСǰŵԴĵطõѡ
Ԫ½ǷǳȫģҶСİȫСǻں϶ȴﵽ70ЩСأܻί
İɣҺˡϺҶģοͥǺܽصĵط
Ҷ磬ҺҪ뿪𣿡Сգ۾ؿҶҶóʱûû뵽ոռҪˣг˲ᡣ
ţһҪ֪𣿡ҶСԴСһЩ飬ܽСԪ硢Ԫȵȡ
Ҷ磬һټ𣿡СץҶ½ǲš
ȻˣɵСӣҶ籣֤ǺܿͻģҶС˵ο
ϺСˣСǼһͷʮֲӡ
ҶҲһЩᣬΪСĽ¶˾ģϾЩԺʱջܳδʱ仹ܶ࣬ҪѸ鶼˵
һԵԵظоСҶľǣ֪Ҷ⻹⣬ҶĲֽ͸Ԫ½
֪ꡢ̨籸Ҷ֮ĸ鵽Σ̨֪籸ѡһսСȥ˵ͥټ֮ǰҶɵְλսΪʦ
ٹЩʱգҶܹͻǳֲˡ
Ǽ˰ɡϺСԶҶһȻȽϺϺϾǵͥˣһЩ黹ǲҪϺ֪ĺá
˵ͷŽڴ飬ʼһһլԺٶˡ

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ɽѪӰսֹܵڶɽ֮һɽǧһԵľɽƣʮֵΰ׳
ʸ̵ѪӰսһ츳׿ӵܣ¹ǵӾϰˣǻں϶ȴﵽʮϵˣһԾ֮һȻЩǻں϶ȴﵽʮϵĵӲȫģǻں϶ȴﵽʮϣȻԴġ
Դ񵤿ǻں϶ȡ
ѪӰսרעսʲһרעڽ̵ӣһЩѪӰսӸλѪӰսӰ൱ġ
ʸۡһĴ֮Уһ۽һɫۼ׵˶׵λ֮ϣȫһƬʢĽ֮Уһ˿Կĳ࣬һɫĹתţԵø߹ء
һԡͨһʵǰ
ʦ֮һǱʧޡ
һڵģҪжң·ãϻѪֽǻһ˿Ѫҡҡ׹ʱһغ֮Ϊܻʾһ·ͣЪһֱҧţг˶ҶķߺޣֵԼǾƣߣڿʣһɣҪ֧Ųסˡ
һԣô£˭˳ӣʵͳ֮дһ˿ŭһӣһһԵϣһϵƶʱת˺ܶ࣬һǱסˡ


572 µļ壡
һһǱܽʱʵЩȫˣǷ׷׾£ڴſȴҽֻĸվڴ֮ڣ̬ҲǼΪġ
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˭һʦִ
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һʦӦòðȻսʲǣѵһʦֽ˴Ԫ磿һʦû½Ԫʲô
һڵǷ׷š
ĸǻں϶ʮϵĵҲ
ʦͽһ˺һЩڲôң뵽УǺ޵û˵ͽͼˣ
һԣģʦƽίϸϸ˭ҽ˳ЩŭصԪ½˵ģֻսʼǿˣսʼǿ߿Դ˶ܵͥɷƲãɱˣɱҲҪõͥɡսʼǿ߶ǵ¸֮ˣԺ󱲶֣һأԲսǿߡ
ʦһ΢侲һЩҪԼصĹͼӴ׵˵һߵҸȫûʲôڣʲôˣҲֻǼƽѣҲûǹңƭǮڶ½ɱңֻѾʥǵĲҵȫˡ
һ˵꣬ʵһڵǶ¶˷߿֮ɫȻкܶ˸һԲû̫ĽͬΪʵӣԼʦֵܾȻ裬лǷǳߵģΪȫǵʦðʦϣðԼԽܡ
һسӣҪһź۸ʱָʲôè۸ͷˡ
ΪʦȻѩûʲôӴӵܾȻôӺҵĵӣıҵӵĲƲװݣһϣ꽨ľɵӱһĳ촷ۣʮˣʴû㶯Ƭֽ̣ŵҪҵˣǵʲôȷʵĴΪʦΪֻһ
һԵõʵ֮ƻָ࣬һݵڵأлʦΪԸʣ
һҪۣ
ʵ裡
ҵĵ˳λ̳˰ˣ
ҵıȻһλѩʣҲֲͷҰ
һ˵Һʣ鲻м٣ʵһڵһȫߡΪѪӰսĳԱʵĵӣǱ۵ͷϻԺôǰֱͦ壿
ȻʵΪѩҪѷɫһЩϾѪӰսһԱѪӰսսǣ϶վһߵġ
ؼǣ鵽˭
һԣΪλǮǰ½ȻʧǣƬָ̱ƽɫʵ
ʦ֮ǰһ˴Ӷ½ɵʥǣһݳ£ң½һֵӰǳģͽȥȡǰ½·Ѻܹͽû㹻Ǯ裬û뵽ǼһȦסһԽ͵ԼǰȥҶɽץȡҶ˵ȴֻδᡣ
ЩһһԵĻһֵӰǳģѹһҪǮȥ½ӰǶԣһǳ
ʵûʲô̫ķӦΪսʣȻϼôǮǧӰеģǿǳĶ˵ô룬ʲôǳĺܿҲǶ׫ģĿΪһϹѣֻһɵɵؾмˡ
ӵĲƲıᣬڶ½ܲܡ
һԡһһᣬ˸һȥҼվ˵ϽɫĹâΪҫ۶Ŀ
ǣ
һӦǶǻں϶ȳʮĵӡ

ʱҶأ֮С
ڽӶ½ɹٶ˵ǻں϶ȫϣһЩݣȻ
ֲ̬ļ壡
ٶ˵Уǻں϶͵31ǻں϶3140֮ģаʮ4050֮ٶʮ5060֮жʮһ6070֮ģʮ
ǻں϶ȴﵽ50ϵģʮһ֮࣡
ҵ죬һȵ϶Ԫ½۷壿
ǻں϶6070֮ģֱһëëëëëëëëëһ顣
ʮֻͬޣǡҶʮѾԶ׼ˣһеԭҶϣ
Ȼ²⣬ܿҶܣûжʣҶ˵Ļǲѯôеġ
ʮһ˶ټСҶɵˣδܻܿıԪ½ĸ֣
Ұ뿪ʥǣҪǰŽս£ʮսҪǵˣҶһЦ
ҶĻ˷ɡ˶ĳȲѣҶ׼ô
ѾԤеõĽһȻػȻﲻڸս񳯣
ȻҶҳʨү֮⣬ûսǿߣڿԤδδҶҵսܹκսоޱȵĿ־塣ʮ۷ȺȺŲһλˣ
ҶȻĺ
Ǹһ
һ뵽ˣǱ㼤֡
ǣȻǸʱ񳯵ĹûκˣֻҪҶСܾ֪ˣǸʱ򣬱˵ҵļϻ񳯵ĹҲø
ʲôǸ֣Ǹ֣
׳־ƣܹĵذȥˣҶµʮ޷ֱŽʮսʮһǻں϶5060֮ģ󲿷ֶҶӵܣʮ˷ֱŽսоŸǰȥЩŻսӡ
Ҷ磬ʣǻں϶50ڵأʵʣµȻǻں϶ûдﵽ50ϣ츳ҲǾ˵ģûģԪ½ս֮⣬Ҳвٵǿɽͷͽġ
ʣµ˶°ɡҶȻԼܹЩ˵ǻں϶ȣǾ£ǵǻں϶50ϣٸǰȥ
Щ˵ҳ϶ҶȫõĵģӰ֮ǶҶȫûκη֮ģܹǵǻں϶֮⣬ܸıǵ˼룬˵ġ
սӵǾŸˣԻʮӰ𣬵ʱֿһ˹
⣬Ҷȥرȥȡǿ޴ǳˣǿǳĻ൱ֵǮģһ߾ȡóǳģɲˡ
ǲǳģҲֻɼǧ˶ѣǵȴǲ
ҶԸЩˣǰȫɹҪǮһ֡


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Ҷ룬Լôǻں϶ȳʮģԪ½ԳԵּĻ޵⣬ܹ򵽸ҩֻҪеһЩ񺣻ǾԼ׬Ǯˣ
׬ǮȥɸˣЩ˹֮󾭹һʱֿ׬Ǯܿγһѭ
׼ǣֱǿԼŽСԪ׬ǮҶΪԼ뷨Щ˷ܣ˵
Ҷ磬ܹõҵĵط˵ˣҵÿ±ṩһʥԥصҶҪʱʱְæԺƵĻˡ
ҲʥҶֻ̫ȱǮˣٶǮҲһֲõĸо
ҶĻÿҶṩöʥˣҵȻӯöʥѾˡɿؼһ£̾أһѵĸͶʣ
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ллҶ磡ϽϿҵ˵һЩԼʥѣҶ֧־Ƿǳġ
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ͨһЩϵǿǳ˵ϻ񳯵ĻʳˣܹʮӰ𣬼ǾŸ˳Ϊսʵ֮õʮӰܹʮڣ
ǧ߰ٶҶӵܺǵӽԪ½Ҷ氲ȻûסĵطֻǴһЩ񣬵ЩҶӵܺǵǳŬ
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Щһô죬ҶǲǱо쳽Ѿ쳽Ļʵˣкôûл
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һԺʧʱʥȻ˷ǣ󲿷ֹ嶼Ҳûһ˸ҸԣҶѾ͸ʥǵķ档
һԺأȻûй˭£Ѿӹˡ
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߲ƣ߲ޣôûһԸɵϧʱһб룬ץסһԣҲûа취ºҶû׷ʲôһԻо鷳ҪˣҸոյõϢʥǵģֻһһˣһԵʦʣ⻹ҵļִϣ
ʣҵִϣҶ۾Ȼһ⣬ʵ᲻ʲô鷳
ЩϼһͿҲ˳ˣͺ޲ðˡһִϹ϶Ҷ֣˳Ҿˣҧ޺޵˵ʵϣ˵һ䣬ǱӲϡЩҵͷӳһڵģ
㱻ˣһҲǹȥģҶļҲԼ˲£ǸԼˣҶԿģ
ҶĻ㳩˺ܶ࣬Ҷ仰ʲôµģ
ִҪԸңʾ常ǳٳûжֹ常ﻹûǻظʣΪ˱常ѹϵ㽩Ҳ常δѾһ˴常ѩˡ֮ǰոո常ѩȥǻں϶ʮϵţô常ӦöվһߵģȻмɵʣҲûҡ
ѩʱϾǰһʲϧ˺ǾЩ鷳ˣȻɱˣϾݵλߣ˴ҲܵͥĴҪ׼У
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һҪԸԼûôף


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죬ʥﶼǳƽƽ֮£ȴǰӿ
ڣʡһԵ˻һЩҵ˶ڿͷ֮С
֪һԱ˴ˣƲıᣬһŭ֮Դӵϻ񳯻ʳҼҼֱʱ֪ôĻ£æǸŵһһֻعüִϸʡһǰʥǡ
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飬ǱҪģؼβʸо⣬Ǩŭң

Ȼһҫ˿ݣλ
ܡҳϵֻ׵λãһӡ
ǳܣսʼǿߣҲֻСźţȻܱһЩǿӲĺ̨սʼǿҲһССĳܹġ
ʴˣͽϵƿѾִָ蹦еѯʣ蹦߻мϣҲһЦ
˸˵˭ãȻսʵĵӣѱ˴ıƲʲôʱôˣһսս㾡СģΨһ죬ҶҪܵǣ
һԵѾָûʲô󰭡ʶϣͳЩʵ˵Ҫʾѩʣѩʵź𣿡
蹦ͼλ΢ЩΣʵڽ峿ʱǱѾյѩʻظżѩʵ˼ȻҪǲܸʲôۣҪ
ѩʵ˼תʣ֪ŭ
˻ظǵżһûв⣬ѩʸʵģ֪дʲô蹦Щ֪òýǷżʡ
蹦ǼλϵɫЩŭ⣬ֳ˼֣ʲô˼Ҫʱҿûôʱɺţ
蹦ʶŭһ亹æվӲͷƤѩʵż˫ֵݸʣֺõصʴϢŭǸոյѩʴ˵Ļظѩʴ˵ż
һӹż֮Ѹٵɨһۣڽ֮ɫʱ
úúãܺãŭⲪϵĽɫâ˵һȻʢ࣬ѩż˼ʥʵǸҲԸһЩǲΣѩʶҪû뵽ѩʾΪһҷҪѩҲҪΪһֻһѵӵܾҵĵӾһǮֵ
蹦ͼλɫΣ֪ѩʱʲôԻϧʣҲҪǱм䣬Ϊѣһѩҵı֧ҵϵѩϣһ棬һҪ⡣
ѩŭҶᶯҲ鷳Ҫǲ⣬ͬù
һԵһҲŭ죬벻ѩʾ˻̣ѹ㵨죬ҪԼնɱ
蹦ʳ
оʲŭ蹦пЦѣǴżϴҴҳţȥˡȻѩʽǣһҪĸҸһսʼǿӲ
֪׼δ룬һԵڶ½ģܲܽһЩѵˣ߽ıصȫȥ֮ϢŭͿˣѩҲԽ
蹦˳ȥһЩίصʦҵ˻ѩʣ뱣ʦ˼ΪѵĻ˰ɡ
һˣôܣҸұСӣҾҪ׼óҵŭѩΣΪΪҸߣ㼸仰ܷ𣿽ΪʦһҪΪֻع
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캣ֶڡ
蹦Եλ϶һŭӡ
çײһԿʵĵӣȻɱˣıأ֪һҷŭúҲ
ûдһҵģֲңһмصѾˣ⼸λ϶ԼȥȻԼ
µ㻹Ʊ磬ʶѾˣǵͷϴһЩҲᱣ㣬򣬺ߺߣԶ֣ʱض㣡һɫص
ûзִ磬ҵļ֮λǾԲܴģȥ֮ұ˳λ̳֮λ蹦һ⣬
Цض蹦蹦ΪҲ֪ϴˡӺǰʼǾͰͲҷȻð˳ظϳң֪
Ȼ֪㻹飿蹦ɫЩѿΧϿ蹦и˼Уеվϴһߣеվ϶һߡ
Ҳ̫ˣϴ϶˭λһأϴλˣΪܱסִ֮λһһԼСĵɣҵĵ˳λ̳ˣߣΪϡλãҲ̫СˣЦһмصҲ֣ҵļ֮λҲҪǿǣ
蹦ǺŭһλҲɫ࣬ϣ⻰˵̫ˣ
ʧķ˰ɣ֪Լϼ֮λˣɴƹˤҪңǸҷָŭ
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˭֪ЩƧ˵ҹڸĸķǰ͵͵Щˮѷ˵Ľ䡣Щ˵ۣϴ϶ĴѹףЩÿһһ޲ðеĶ߶ߣ
˳ң˻˿еԹߣǰ϶踺أңڣԲмһ˵˵ңӲϡ
蹦ָΡΡָ˵û뵽Ȼſ
Ҫ˳ңûôףĲƲأһҸģҪ˳ңȵõִõ˵ֻҪһ죬͵óҵļҷ蹦ԴǵŭȵȻĿ÷ζҪըˣ˳Ҷϴ˵Ǻ£ֻ֮ǰһҪеĶ³


575 
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ʱҶ˽õϢҵļϵ˹蹦ܴԶԶؾˡ
ѩʴ˻㣬ҲҪңҴһǮ蹦úһ֪Ϊʲôܾǰһˣʱŭؿȥȵڣȥʴˣ㷸˴˵ˣҪƾʴ˴ã
蹦ҵƾʲôңɨһ蹦ҶҶ˹Ҷ硣
Ҷ΢΢ͷ
ˣҶʵ
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ȻǹϢֻһҷζ˶٣һִͷ·ղŵȫûзһ㡣
ֻһ񣬾ͽһ߸ˣ蹦ԭɵǿüͷ΢壬вɲ֪ҶʲôҶһ񺣼ͨСӶѡ
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֮ǰ蹦˵ĶԻҶһ֣֪ڲźܴìܣܶҡ
蹦˰߲ƣ֪׼ôԸ
ˣڻҵһԱ蹦ŭص֪ľٶҴ鷳𣿡
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ԸоҶѾȫɳԼˣ˭ҶǾĶǵĲ֣ĵﶼޱǿĵġ
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ıǲı˵ԭίŵĻҿ㣬ڴʳƬ̼ʵܾãеΣ˵ûгֵɣֻΪһԵضе㲻̫šǶʩѹĵ˳λ̳˺пܲ
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Ҫ㴳ôĻ£òʲôɣʲ㣬Ҳϵ˳λ̳֮λпûвƲң蹦ȵ
蹦ȻҲϡңҪûȫƲҾʹ常𣿡ˣĿض蹦һͷ׺ݵҰǡ
飬Ѿ𺦵ҵ棬ѩʴҲᱣ㣡蹦ñëŭ֪СôȻôݣȫѩʴˣѩʴ˺ٹҵ顣


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常˼ʹˣЦЦص蹦Ҳֱ˵ɣΪżͷͿԺٻʱ֪ˣҾûô򵥣
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һΪץǣ֪ΪʲôҪɱֻΪЩأңȫûҪ飬ɸ֣
ֻҪػһԣ⳥һһӰԷ񺣣ʹ˽ҹʳĬؿƬ̣˵
ʴˣҵʩ𣿡ʣЦϵҵ񺣣һܳԵҩָҰػһԣŶûУ˵⳥һӰˣ
㻹ᣬЩض˵ôҪ𣿻һӰҵĲӦòʲôɣҾʲôûˣ㲻Ը⣬ҿ϶ҲһġȻЩŭȻƽ˵
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ԼѹûʲôĵطΪʲôҪȥ˶Ըȫû
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ʴˣ׼ѺػʳȥԼҷãͽһԵأһỹģҲһһӰĲʴˣ⣿蹦Сص
ʲÿɷص˵ͷĿϣһָ
ءһ죬ʱʹס˸һֻϺһ
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ҷӡΪֻҪսʳ֣Զܽȶʩͽ䣬δˣһĿ⣬Լݵλעлᱨ
蹦϶ľսʵֶιȻȻôݽɫһڸģʵǻã
ݺҧݣһԺʵӡԺ
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蹦˴ߣǰϻ񳯵Ļʳȥˡ
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ʵָӵķ֣ԱߵһԳʵһԣɵʲô
һüͷϸ˺ܾãȴôҲ벻ʦһСĽ֪ԷǴȥǣ
΢΢ͷҲǣһԵԸ˽ģôЩ
еʲôˣʵеɻΪʲôôҪԸһԣҲ̫ϳˣΪһ˵ûеһԣ
˵еʲô˵ĻǵһԷֻʥǵļƽ񣡡һͻȻ˵
ʥǵļƽ񣿡һüͷ˵ƽѣȫ޷ˣЩ벻ˣƬ̵ôȶǣ
۹ʳˡ
֪Ϣ֮ҶͷһȻԼΪĳЩ棬Դʨү֮ѾظԼˡ
ΪԼҲǾľܲȣ
ҶȻкܶ츳׿ţĿǰԣ޷ĺŶԿġ
룬Ҷ°ϢѩʣѩΪ常һսʼǿߣֻҪڣһӦûġֻҪסܱġ
⣬һԺʶʥûߣҶн䱸һԵԸ񣬼̨϶ܿͻԼ鷳ġ
ҶѾǧˣʮǻں϶Ⱥﵽʮϡ
׼ʮҲŵս£ֻ֮Ҷ֪ЩսʣҶܱ鱨Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ôһֱһԺʱӦ»ǳ鷳
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Ҷ׼ȥǮױԴ񵤣ҪȥǮ̸һЩ⡣
²˳٣Ҷ̶һһ˳ʥǸȥ
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˵֮ǰʴ˺䱬񺣣һֱۣ
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ȷʵ̫嶯ˣû¸ҪɱһԣʣⲻѰ·𣿡
ȷʵе֣˵ִˣӦòôçײġ

Ҷ˵ۣһֵͻȻһĸо˸٣
Ҷ΢һ룬ӦһԵˣȥǮҩ̣װĿĵڽйţҪһԵʲô
ֻһҶҲûʲôµġ
Ҷһֽǵʱ򣬳ǰ濴ȥһӭҶ۾΢΢ϸ
ҶСӣһһ߲ưҸо˳ǹϢսһأҲڹעҪҪһ㾯棿ʨүҶԺ
ˣֲܰôҶжʨүվסŲӭһԣ۵֮ӹһ⡣
һԵĿҶϣһ˿мǾԲֵطһƽԻģԽݣ̫Ĳ⣬Ҫҵ𰸣ΪʲôҪԸԼΨһܹ뵽Ŀܵԭ򣬾Ҷˡ


577 ѫλ
ּˣһҶǰվЩưؿҶ
Ҷ΢Ʋ¶ֲм飬кǷ
Ҷ̬һЩŭҶһƽѣ뵽֮ǰҶԵһİԪ½ܹɱ˵ĻԻԥؽҶɱ
ɱǲָʹģһǿаŭضҶʦʵĸֱ߰Ҷڵһޣ
أҶϷʵؿһԣЦЦصָʹö
һҲãݵλԲܱҶƽʹһʵ̫ˣԴҶʥ֮һܸоԾܴ졣
һԺһһҪҶСԪʧأȻȥ½½ѶǮǰ½ڶ½ˡ
ֱһԣһӦöҶѲ˸ϵ
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ѵҶʩչĳֹƻ֮
ҶǸߣȴѾǵˣ
һ԰˼⣬ҶŵôΪץˣûˣһˮʯģڱָʹ˭ҶҪۣ
顣ҶһЦЦı飬ʼ˸ңң˵Щɣ
׷鲻Ҳ˵̫磡ʦһλսʼǿߣֻҪ˼ҳùһԱҶ̬Ūлȴܰô˵ʱ򲻽Щҧгݡ
㣬ʲôֶξɡǵֶΣ˵㡣ҶЦһνصһԣ
ʨүҶĶҶСӣսʼǿ߿ʩչԴӡסΪһ˱Դӡбսʿϰ㣬ƳӡĻûϣԼСġ
סҶ˵ͷһݣû뵽սǿ߾ȻбԴӡôĶʨүҲ޷׽ʨүȻսǿߣҪ߳ףǱϾܵơ
һԿҶӰʧ˽ֽǣһ˿Թ֮ɫ
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Ԫ½ֻܹһʮսʶѣÿһսʶӵкܸߵݵλͥȻɷɭϣǻЩսһЩȨģάǿߵϣ
ҶԶԶ뿪˸ƧĽ䣬ʨүڻ֮͵컻ոĻòڳת˰죬ȷû˸٣ŽǮҩ̡
ڵ̻ƵĴ֮£ҶǮԼݡ
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Ҷһݣ֪ܺǮĴﵽǸʲôɫȻͨЩսͽȻ֪һҶѾСˣ֪ΪʲôϢй¶˳ȥܺǮλж֪飿
ʥǵĳķ紵ݶȻһ֪öһЩҲ
ǼҵˣǡòԳ츳ұͳȥЩսΪʦˡҶɫ䣬һɵصû֪ܺǮͼ֮ǰǲ͸¶̫ģֻ
ǡ츳ܺǮҶͳȥĵӣԳʮһ嵮ʮǻں϶ʮϵĳţֱݣ
⾿һʲô̬ļ壡
ѹϱҶʹ
ȻˣҾֱ˵˰ɣλʶλŻսʣҲռλӣǻں϶ȱʮϵģ֪ҶһûţǮҶ֣صʵ
ǮĻҶˣܺǮıһΪ׵Ӵ֯֯Ҫɸ˲ţһǻں϶ȳʮϵţɽ˸սԼͥҵһЩǻں϶ȳʮǷǳѵġ
ǡãǷҶ˲ű˴ǻں϶ȳʮšǸ⣬ܴܲҶһЩŲ䵽֯
Ҷָû棬ûȷܺǮ·֮ǰҶҲʵһܺǮ֯ʲô⣬Ժ鷳
ƺǲҶеǣܸϽ˵ҶСѷģλ֮ͥУȻʲô·ˡ⣬Щǽǵ֮֯λҲԲǵġ
ʨүǷţҶʨүнš
Ӧûʲô⡣ʨүƬ˵Ը֪ܺǮϸ΢仯ܺǮ˵ѣӦû
ʨү˵ûʲô⣬Ҷ룬Լʮǻں϶ȳʮԼԭͨǮһЩսǿߣȻǮ׬н֮ģû뵽Ǯ֯ҲҪ˲š
Ҫ٣Ҷ̧ͷܺǮʵ
Ҫ٣ҶôʣܺǮһ£ԭţֻҪܹյһǻں϶ʮϵţѾǳˣеλ϶Ǵ͡
Ҷǿǲһֹĸоǻں϶ȳʮŷǳͨһ㡣
ǻں϶ȳʮϵĳţʲôʱôҵˣ
ȻԽԽãǮع۷Ź⣬һڴֽŵ˵
һЩܺǮӣҶ֪λǻں϶ʮϵǶôǶ⣬ҶȻҪú̸һ̸
ҶԼֱһ˿ڷӣȥģūǵӡ
ʲôܺǮϽʵǮһǸļ̣ʱȴȫ˵һףԼĿ
һѫλһӰ𣬻һݱԴԭϣҶЦЦʼʨӴ󿪿ڣʱթʲôʱ
⡢ⲻܣҲ̫ˣܺǮסˣǮɫصһѫλʮӰһݱԴԭҪʮӰټһڣҪһٰʮӰҲ̫ˣ
ǻں϶ʮϵţҲûѼʮϰսʼǿߣмͶҪ֪٣ҶھҪһٰʮӰʵеڰ
ҶСѣλĳҪӣ֮ҲᾡҰĻתܻ²̫õӡ󡣡Ȱ˵Ҷ̰ĽǮƵӡ
ֱǳթ
ҶܺǮһЦҵȻ֯˵һٰʮӰӦò̫Ѱɣ֪λļӣū۸ѾǰˡҲװڶ½ôˣҵðȫǨҲܰİ
һٰʮ۸񡭡ǮЩƣֻܽԭתλˣܲܳɣҪλ˵˼ˡǰթ˵ģһѱթζ
תλ˾Ϳˡҿǻں϶ʮ˸ӣǰ͵ŶҶҸһЩɡϻһٰʮӰĻǱʮǻں϶ȳʮ˾ͶĵˡҶ״ص豭˿ڲ衣
Ҷʵ̬˵ĻܺǮϵıʱǱ׵һ
ҶСѣ˵ʲô˵һ飿ǻں϶ʮˣܻΪԼˣŵʵ
ʮҶ΢Цظһ顣
ܻǮˣҲʮǻں϶ȳʮˣҵ죬ʮûɣʮ
ҶֵܲƭǵİɣǮǲ̫š
ȻǿȥҵذǴҿܲԡҶ΢΢һЦ˵
ʮʮܻǮѾˡԭΪҶܹҳǻں϶ȴﵽʮϵžѾǳˣû뵽ҶȻ˵ʮ
Ҷļ徿Ǳ̬ʲô̶ˣԪ½۷ȺҲû˵ܶȰ
˵ĵۼԪ½ܶļ壬ÿһǧܹǻں϶ȳʮϵĳţĵۼĴһֱһܴ⣬ĵۼʱҲֻﵽٶ˶ѡ
ҶļδҲ̫ˣȻ֮ǻں϶ȳʮš
ļ壬սǿߣҲСӣ
ԭΪܹλеλǻں϶ȴﵽʮϵžѾԲˣû뵽ֱеʮܻǮֱϵڱеĸо
ʾλˣͿֱİ壬ȥҶֵܵأǶӹֻҪϣܸҶֵܾѫλ̸׵ǮҲ֧ڵҩԭϿҪ΢һЩ֮һԵλǮ۾ֱ˷ܵشֵ
õġҶ˵ͷ
Ƭ̣Ǯ˼ǰҶأҶһӴ֮󣬽ʮλǻں϶ȳʮҶ˺ǵӽ˹
ܺǮóǻᾧһһ˲ԣǻں϶ȷʵȫʮޱȡ
û뵽Ҷһǻں϶Ϊ0ģȻôǻں϶ȳʮˣؿһҶкܶͷһ
Щһ˿ֲļ壬ȥԪ½Ĳ
ҶʱܣҪܺǮܽκιҶҵϢй¶ȥ
ܿأǮһӰ𣬲ȥҶѫλȥˡ


579 
֪Ҷļô೬ţܺǮжһЩ뷨ȵҶҵǶɳΪսʼĴ֮ҶԪ½ӰǱһλˣҲС
ôһҪҶҴùϵ
ֻܺǮ룬Ҷǻں϶Ϊ0ܷ޵һ⣬ȵҶЩǶɳҶǷҶ峤֮λ
ֻһ˿뷨ҶҶģԺ˭֪أ
ǲ֪ǣڶҶ˻ЩǵӶҶǾҳϵģ֮ӵôߵǻں϶ȣҲΪҶǿģҲֻǱɽһǶѣҶѾǲ֪£Ҷ˺ǵǰԪ½ĸˡ
һӰˣЩǮҶԥǡ
ˣϲе׬ҺܿɶԸ͸
ҶһǮǮܶдЩҶԼǵӣǻں϶ʮϵţ֮֯Ժ˵пǵĶͷ˾ǸҲСӦԣ
֪Ǯڵ֯ʲôǮһϵӰ𣬾ͿԿǮϴ򵥡
ҶԼ׬ˣõӰ֮⣬˵ȸʮ֮ҶܽǮܱ֯ƽݱ䣬ȻСʮǻں϶ʮϵģôҲ֯ռһϯ֮˰ɣ
һСʱ֮
ͷڣʺһԶ˵Ļ㱨
̶һСʱʵļѾҶصҶסԼһЩȫһˡ
ҶûйأǶ־ͼ򵥶ˡҶӵأΪʦҲǿд˽أֻܵʱ֡СӼȻ񾳷϶ϼ޻úܣһǾԲͬʱ뿪صġü˵
ѵûʲôԸİ취𣿡һΪʵصҶôΣȴһֱûһسӣֱһҪץĳ嶯
Ȼа취ΪʦԼ߳أЦЦһ⡣
ʱʵһһҴҵ˽
ʦոһŹ棬ǸҶСӸովһѫλʮӰѾ֧ܳѾǳˮͨ˵ͥȵͥҶСӾǽѫѫˣһݼʣص
ʲôһϣֱɢ˼ܡ
ʮӰʮӰ𣡡һԼֱҪץˣҶδҲ̫ǮˣǿʮӰ𣬿ɲʲôС֣
ͥǽѫѫˣΪʦҲ㶯ҪҲþͥɣǵͥǲġǾǮĲǿ϶ԱģŭգΪսʣȴһߣʲô˷
ͥûǻл𣿡һԼʵ
ˣѾͨȥˣͥСʱͻظϢѾ˰СʱֹжѾˡСͨȥ֮ǰ֪ͨǣǵһЩᣡһ⣬ʥ֮һֱͿֱ֪ԼˣˣܸҶһģҶڻ
ҲҶˣһһ˿ãȻ֮ɫҶʲôˣԪ½ô̵ʱ䣬ô͸ܶ˹ϵ
˾Ųʮһŭ⻹ٶΨһԵһƿһǱΪļһŪˡ
ҲˣߣһԺܿѾˡ
Ϊʦܣܳѫѫ֮⣬һλǲãҡҡͷһԵһԣûеܱλ
Щ֣½ԣһɺܴƶ˵һжҶģ˵ʲôš
֪ܰλ˭һüʥǾޣҲûʲôʥǰ
ҶֻԺҵٶԸΪʦֻʥǵػ㣬⳥һӰʱһ˽ɡĸεصһ顣
һǸư֮ǰ˵ҪҶÿأϾʳˣûģƫƫκβҶҶСҲ֪ôǮȻֱӾһѫѫһڣҲֻһͭѫѫѣ
ֻؿҶţȻ󾲵ȻʳǱߵϢ
õ˵ͥҶӵһѫѫλʱӦԼûа취ˣһڸոյ֣һ˹˵
Ҷȥˡ
һǧҶ˺ǵӱӽԪ½СҲһ˽ˣûڣҶʱûвǵǻں϶ȣǰסڹ˷ɡ˵Ĵ
ܿأҶõҶҶ׵˵ĻظڵʦǬʡʵ˶Ը棬˼˹ʹͨ⻹Ҷ
½½أҶӵλսʵĻظǶһЩӵܹǵΪҶأҶϽ˽ǺӴš
֮ǰµľ֣ڲһЩЧˡ
ҶҶ׵ǻں϶ȶʮϣƷԡ츳ȸ涼ЩսǺ⣬ЩսǶµӻ൱չ˵ģ֪µڵļ鷳Ļ˹ǽѣ
ʦͽϵԪ½Ƿǳȹ̵Ĺϵͬӣ˱ʦǻᱻԪ½ģǰ㼱еһԳͷһҶҶ׵鷳ǵʦ϶Ҳǳͷģÿʦͽ֮ĸ顣
ʱԽϣҶԽܰ
һа׵ҶصԼԺ䡣
ոǰ̤Ժţ캣ֱ㼱Ҵҵطɱ˽
Ҷ磬ոմӼǳˮյϢ֮ᱻУ캣¶֮ɫ
ҶһüͷôѩʻûгȥĪѩʱʲôסˣ
ߣȥʳңҶһµһ캣ֵĺ󱳡
캣һ磬ɳ۶ȥ
ʯҵļҷᱻδãҶŶ߷ХٵԵľɿسȥ
ҼҷĻȥ˳λ̳˵λӡصĻᱻѣ꣡캣ֳ뵽ѣ͸һ˿⡣
ѣʲôط
ڼλǿµģרҵĲФӵܡһѣѩʴҲȲ캮ض߶Կǿ䡣ûκþͱؽѣܾܿͳˡϴ϶ԲᣬǿܻĶҼأϴǼ۽ܵĶӡ
ҵľƲ򵥣Ͼһ缸񳯵ĺţϻܹƥеĺţԲᳬʮֳţڲȨǷǳġ


580 նҪ
ϴ϶ӵܣöԸһЩǵĸĸȴĺ֮ѩʴ˲ʱ¾鷳ˣĸĸǵ
ĸĸôû˵Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ԭĸĸҲǼȨƷ
˵ĸ飬ȻصúһܹоЩ˵ĳޡмΣҶĸĹǰҵļʵΪĸԭΪһӶûʲôϣˣֱҶ֡캣һ⣬лᣬһԥɱЩˣ
Ҷֳ︡һĻĻϵЩ룬ΪҼϻ񳯵ĹȵȣʵϣЩֻԳʵĿģ븴ֻǲܹϵģز
ϻ񳯻ʳǣҸۡ
ʳǶȺɽٹɽƣȪ٣׺Ÿ滨ݣۼ־ݻĽ֣˼ɾ
ҵļŽȥǰĿҪεüΪСҪСʱ
ִںɽִǰĹ㳡ϣ£ǧˣұڵˡ
Ҽ۽ܸǰ̫ʦϣ۽ŭѾǵʮصĸִ֣蹦˷ߡ
۽ܲԶڷӣˣ˶Žۣһ˲ţֻĿж͸һ˿𺣬ʱ㳡ϱѺǹһ˿Ц
ԱߵĵȴǿŵģλԭӦģ˽
˷ֱɺҵĵһ˳λ̳˺͵ڶ˳λ̳ˡ
ǿǸǱӣеɫ֮Ҳ޷Ϊǵвˡ
㳡УѺţɫ԰ףͷɢãһϱ˿¶⣬ԵüΪǱ
Χ۵ǧ֮ɫ죬еֻųϵˣԳ֮ͬɫΪ֮ˣ䷢Щжǳ
ĸĪ֮㳹ʧƣѩʱӻ֪ǳʲô뿪ʳǣǰʥСطбܻ˼ֻЩɻǣȻܵʥǣΪֻ᷸ǰ
ѵм䣬ĳЩɸ˵Եɣ
ųϵ˻ǿúģϴ϶һֱ뽫ϾɱֻҲ˵ʲôɺҸԴһҵĴȨɵĸ׸峤۽ܡ
֪۽ɫȵ
ûȻȻѱֱͦ壬
㷸ҽƱ磡۽ؿ
㽫ʵһԻɱıĲƲ˼ӵӰ죬ʸʦ㻹֪蹦Ҳ
ıһԵĲƲʲô֤֤Ҫɱһԣ֤֤Ҫɱһԣʲô֤֤鲻һģƾһԵһ֮ʣҪ𣿡ֱ۽ܣЦҼδҲ̫ˣһ˶ˣΪ˵һ仰ҪҵˣҪ⳥һӰ˼ԺҶΪ˵Ц
ĻǶʱ۷׷ף˵δûеϾĿǰûκ֤ܹ֤ҪɱһԣҾ֤ˣûһжֻһԵһ֮ʶѣҼִȴǲʵضˡ
ĿУһֱһСĽˣͻȻǰǰηηҵ۽ܶ죬ôЩ⡣
۽ɫ࣬ŭΪҼһλȨأС棿仹֮ϣ
㻹ţҼҷ𣿡蹦һҲɫ
ҪΪüҷͿŻңҷ۽˵㣬蹦һ߹ˡмЦһ֪ôԸңΪҵ˷Уó֤
Ļ蹦ըˡ
ѵû֤ݣҾͶ㲻ɣ۽ŭһִλ϶ڣĿˣҲǴҷ
ҷʮһﶥײִߣнٺ߿ɷʮ꣬ʮӰ𴦷ңЦҪͷϡ
㡭۽ָ˵ȫ¿ˮ̡
Ҽ۽ܣ۶Լҷ˽⣬ұöˣھͿ԰ǧٶҷһһȻЩô常ûȻƾ۱Ŀڲʱ䡣
Ҳβ㣡ʣҲܾ޴ʧıһԵĲƲһϲϣڷһԵĲƲ⳥һӰ𣡡۽ŭΪ峤ǿѺ˭Ҷ죿
۽ܣѵΪ峤ߣìܣûвԭί֮ǰ峤ӻˡѵò˰ɣֻΪ˵һ֮ʣԴˣ˱˴ˣӶҪ⳥ǮƸˡʲôʱôͷ峤ԣԼĳ֮⡣
Ļ֮ЩǶʱ۷׷ףĻȷʵûʲô֤ݶûУֻһԵһ֮ʣҪίʵЩס۽ôǱǿһԺһҲݣǡ
ڶ˵֮۽ܺƣԭΪһǳ򵥵飬û뵽һĬԡС΢ͻȻʼǿҵطһʱ䲻֪Ӧԡ
ǰֵ̫ˣ֪۱磬۽ܿ϶Ѽ֤ݣֶξû֤ҲҳһЩ֤ڣȴˡ
Ȩ
Ϊҵ˳λ̳ˣ޷ֹ뽫常ˣᣡֱ۽ܣĿģֻҪѩʴ˰һеͿԽˡ
֮ǰѺʱѩѾܵ˹߹е죬ѩһᵽģǱĳЩǣסˣֻҪϵѩʵͿˡ
۽һüͷ˵ΪܿΪѩڱ֧֣ôƶصȴѩʵĵĵѩʵҪ¾ͻһЩ鷳ˡ
۽ʩһЩֶΣɱĸĸȴѩʱһֻ캣֣ʱƣ۽Ҫɱ죬ֻǿһֱûкʵĻᣬںòĻᣬô׷ŹϾֻҪžһ
նҪ
۽Ц첻ܴΪҼʲôȨԣ


581 
ȻѵˣΪҼֻҪִгϿɣȨκһˣ۽һΪƾǵС͵ˣͿӱܼҷ
һüͷ۽ҪͨѩʣնɱԼ뵽ԼĸĸмҪȻе۽ܵҪǿнҲûκΰ취
һǽͷӶţ۽ִҪôѩʣ˿û취ֹ
ˣ黹ûв˲Ҫ˲ʾϣҲӦѩʴˡȺһվ˳ҵһˡ
½мվ˳׷ױʾҪʾѩʡ
ΪѵϵȨû𣿡۽ŭغһɫΪѿǼͷΣյ˫Ѿ˭˵飬ʮգ
۽ܵĻЩ֮˵ٶҲûãֻϧӣȻЩϰɺȴǺ˲֪١
ҵʮ۽ڴ棬ʮ˳λ̳򷸴˼鷳ûвƲ꣡۽Ψֳ䣬վȻڶִǿȥλִϿ飿
ҵ飡ڶִϹ˵
оų϶¶ϧͲ޵ɫûƲҲˣ̫ˣ֮ǰѾʺ䱬񺣲ȥһۣһֱûеõƣٹѣǱɣ
δ֮ǰ䱬񺣣ȥһۣѾΪˣϾⶪģҵ棬۽ܶԴȴܲˣִҪأδǷס
ֻԹȴǸŭԣңĵλǷǳߵģȻ۽ҲΪ
ɻл˵۽¶һ˿֮ɫȻΣھԵʵǰ˵ٶ඼ûá
޻˵ҧгݵصȻŭȴҲ޿κΣֻǲ֪Ϊʲô常ôѣǾ常Ҳû취ˣһѣսҲ뽫ƿ
Ѻѣ۽ǹһ˿Цȵ
׳Ѻһȥ
ɺ϶¶־ɫڳһ
ס֣ʱȻһȣֻ캣ִԶӶ׳ǰ档
Ҷû뵽һԼľȻҶ캣ֺϵҶۿ΢죬ӿһ˵һ̿ʼǳ׵϶Ҷֵܡ
ҶؿһȻݵش캣ֱϷ¡
ǺˣȻҴִã۽ŭȣˣȥ
ʱҶ󣬼ҵҴҵ׷˹ҡˣսʵǱڻţû뵽캣־ֱӳ˽
Ǭʡʵλսʵλսתǵ˼ҪĻԸҶһ˵ৡһ̽϶ʱ͸һǿϢɨ㳡
ȷʵսǿߵû
ⶫͨ˸޷α죬Ȼֻһѣսʵ⡣һսǲ׽˵ģȥ֮Ҳڰ֮١
ҶЯλսʵ֣㳡ҵ˶һ¡
սҪսһʲôÿһսʶһĴڣԪ½ŷǳǿĻȨսʵĶ֧֣Խĳһ񳯵Ĺ֮λ
λսʵЦδҲ̫˵㣬սǿƾǰڲģǲ֪սʵΪԺŪȥ˲Ǯɣ۽𺣬ôҲţսҪӹһ˿ǣȵҰѺȥһֻ캣ֺһߣҲҰ
۽ܵĻȴֹһ˵۷׷ףҶģǾͲܴ۽һУܻܿὫԨ
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ǿջسѩʴ˾ϣһ뷢԰׵˹ֵɫ㣬۽ܲӦɵ׵ļơ
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սһʱڶǣ۽ǻִҪؽȥһλսʵŭ𣬵ʱҸô죿ѩʴ˾׵İ취
ʱ۽ܡ蹦ɡ˶ƣ˵ôõսģĵõλսʵ֧֣ǺֱԤϣ
۽ףɱɱĸ֮ģնݳ롣гһռϷ磬Ǳضһλսʵ֧֡
ѾѺȥ۽ܲ˵Ȱ裬Ѿ¶˾ģղŸڶײԼԿѾ˺ܴ̣Ȼǲ˺ģ
ҪѺȥ
֣סֻ֣һȣһ˴Ҵ˹ǻʳһźҵļС۽ܵĺ֮һƽʱܣԺнʱҵ˶û
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֣ܴãһλ˵Ҫзָ˺Ҽķȣ۽ܵ
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Ҳ˵ҡҡͷ
ܽһЩϢǳˮ֪λλҲû뵽Ȼܹһʮλǻں϶ʮϵĵӣҲϲѣ֪ҶʳӪúǰҲҶһ顣
սʼǿߣҲСһܹʮλǻں϶ʮŵļ塣
۽ܼҪץˣҪ鴦ȴܴ죬ҶսʵǺдĳλĻЩһⶼҪ
ʲôȻõ֮սǿߵ
۽ҪȴѾأҪһеشֻ»ܶǿУЩ˹Ҳᷴԣôǿ֧֣ԺԸͺˣ˵ᱻһڣ


582 ת
ɺ񶼷ǳƣôҲԸţǱƵԶʥǵôڶʱھͻôսʵʶĻǵ֮أ
ۿ۽ܣ¶һ˿Ϸʡ
ǳĳŪ
۽ܷζըˣòҽɨأǽ죬ȴ޷ֱͬ˺ݺݵسһơ۽ܺݺĽֱӸˣԺʲô鷳Ժ˵ǡ
۽ѵʱͻȻ˺ѩʴ˼ݵ
ѩˣ
һһϲһ׷Զ
ֻԶԶģӰ˹
Ϊ׵˴һϮѩ׳ۣ޳üĿһͷȴǼ͸˪ɫͬһɵÿ˶ηɢһɵ˪Ų̤·ϣһ˪ɵĽӡ߹֮ڵ
󣬻һһŮˣеӢ䲻Ů񻿡ΣһһŮҶɺҶ˭
ӭѩʴˣ
ӭѩʴˣ
һǷ׷׹ӭӣ̬Ϊϡ
Ҷ磡
Ҷ磡ҶɺҶ诿Ҷ֮󣬶¶ϲ֮ɫЦ˹
ˡҶ΢Цŵ˵ͷҶɺҶһﻹΪģܸоҶɺҶ诵ΪѾ˺ܴĳҲ󿴵óΪˣѩкúõǡ
ʦ͵ˣһֱûнҪֵʱҶˣʦֵһᡣҶЦҶС
Ҷ΢΢ͷԭˣԼ֣ѩҲᱣģѩˣ龪һ
ԶѩʵؿһҶȻһ˫ֻôɨһҶҶоԼǱһ㣬ƺе
ѩʵΪ֮ϣҶľ֪ûзʨүĴڡ
˳羴ĿУѩһ·۽վĵطȥ
۽ܿѩˣص̾һ֪ȥĻѾʧȥˣֻܹԹԵصͷ˵һߣλ˳Ȼѩֵܣҵļѩʵʱȴǲòͷ
ݵλΪսʼǿߵѩʣԶԶ۽ҼԱģ֮нĻԻͣҲǿѩʵӡѩ԰Ҽ
ѩʳ֣ۿ΢죬常ˡ
ѩ۽ܵλ϶ʱһ˪࣬纮۽ܣղʲô֪ˡ˵˵Ϊ㲻ϵҹһҪ
ҡ۽ɫһ䣬ͣȴѩʴϡ
ǲǾãֻҪҲڣҵһ㶼ˣǱ飬Ҳ׷ҲùܼЩ£飬úʧʲôҲҶָֻţѾȻǺ䱬ӵܵ񺣣ӵһֱۣǲҷ㣬ΪҼȻƨ˵һ䣬Ҫ⳥һӰǴȥҵӶ㶪ˣѩ˵ⷬʱޱ飬ȴͬǧ꺮Խ˵Խ䡣
ѩʴˣԣɱһԣıһԵĲƲǴ²ƽֻ»һЩҪ鷳۽ܻæ͵ѩսʼǿߣѹ൱ġ
ѩʱĿɨһ۽ܣʱ۽ŵóһ亹
ѩջĿ⣬һصסݣҼĹʲôһ˵ɱıĲƲ֤𣿾֤ݣ˵ǾͲǣҵӣıĲƲб¾ȥʵΣҲ湻ģȻһ󱲶֣治Ц
۽죬˵ԭΪԼڼ֮Ѿܲˣû뵽ѩʱ֪ǣѩʵ֮˱Ѿˣʱ򻹽ʲô
ѩ˫΢һ£۽ĮصΪҼȴһӵܶӻˣ۸ͷ˻ĵҪǮҵ㶪ˣҿҲҪˣ
ѩʵĻ۽ͷһɫұ䣬ҲԸӻ顭
Ҫ˵һ𣿡ѩŭɨһ۽ܣȴǸ׵Ļᡣ
ǡ۽ɫֱ䣬ֻɥصͷһֻ˵ĹѩҪƫ˵ٶĻҲûáҲףάѩʣôͻȻƫ̻
֮λʱ۷棬ҵһμɡ˵ıٶǿʲôѩϵصĮĿɨˡ
ҵ飡һӦ
ִõһִһ֮Ҳֻܵͷʾͬ⡣
Ⱥе۷ȻоϲȻƽ糣ϽµһѩʴУ
ң۷һֱһԵûʲôʵȨͻȻݴ֮λܲ˷ܣͷʱһԶ̳˵УѩʴӦˣùϵǾûдġ
۷Ȼݴ֮λףȻûʲôȨ۽̫ˣʵȨλϰŵĶ۽ܵˣ۷粻ָնʵȨֻҪ̵㹻ĺôͿˡ
ѩʵһҵ˶еЩ⡣
ԭǶΪˣ۽ܶȻŹû뵽ͻȻ˸طλսʳҪȻĳλ˹ѩҲˡ
һƽӼԼڼҲٲ֣ȴȻһҪ˶ЩزǿĿ⣬һЩת䡣
֮ǰǾҵ̳˵Уûл֮λġڣչֵۺ񱳾Ϊ˶ȡ֮λŵѡ
ܶ˶ﻮţǲӦðнύһ
۽ܵļ֮λȻûˣȻӰˣʱûκ˸Υ۽ܣֻ͵͵
۽ɫҰܣȴǰޣĿضԶû뵽СӾȻôͣǰСˣ֪ˣǰӦð붯ȴе鷳ˡ
ǣϼ֮λǿ϶ûĺӹԱҪѡ
ɺҲ¶֮ɫԭΪܹ׳вˣû뵽ͻȻ֮䣬Сˣұǰвձ
ұԺȥҪˣҲɡѩʿһ캣ֺҶ
æǰѩʵıԺˣ캣ֺҶ
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ܶʵ̬ȣЩ׽˵ܶսǿߣӦǰٰͽŶԡ
ȻвҲףܵıźܴĺ̨ȻѪӰսһЩӰҲûҪΪôСһǿУֻҧȥ
ʺһԺĴʲô
ʱһҴҵش˽ݼʺʦϻ񳯻ʳǱǵ˸ոǳˮϢ
Ǳô𣿡һԼЩͲסеҪ֪ڵһУҪԼĲƲܹõһӰ⳥ǰҪǮö࣡
һһΪѣֹ
һı飬һͻȻӿһֲõԤС
ôµģл˵΢һüͷҵ뿪ʱ֤˵ģҸҸˣʲô۶ӣҪҸˣʲô۶ӣһҺÿģбҪΪһ
ʦѩͻȻң۽ܵļ֮λҡ˵̵һǮ飬ҲҪˣһƬֻ̣ʵ˵ΪʵӣѩʵĻҲмֻ
ѩʣãܺãϽⶸʢŭѩʲôдȣȻҪʣҵҪ˭ù˭
ΪȷʵѩʣȴҪǿѩ̫̫࣬Ҫѩʺÿ
ԱߵһԶˣԼ㱻˽ɱƲֱ˰ᣬΪʦ棬˳еһʧãܴ׬һʣû뵽ǿջϲһĲۣһܹܵġ
ǿһӰ𰡣
۽˴˵ҪǸ봦ѩˣʵΪ˵ԸΪЧ͡һ
ʦ۽ܵĻ𣿡һԿʵЩǣҲʲôıɣ
ѩһ۽ܵļ֮λ۽ܶȻġôҿ϶һЩӰһõӡҲܾţ˵ģòʳƬ˵ѩ˲˼ӣ׼úõظѩһˡ
˭ù˭ѩɭȻЦ
龿ηչһҲ֪ˣòءƲһӰһܴһɥ֮ɫ
һԣ¶ȻưոݵģһѪӰսԺʰǣѩֻܰοһԵһʱǽˡ
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һŽϱĿѾϴһָѹӵӡ
ǰѩһԺŵҩ£ְһѾʼָϱҲʼò˶ãָܹ
ϾһǿߣһЩӵġ
ҶΪοϾҲǸԼһϵˡ
ҶɺҶһһɹǿϢתǹϢ̺׵Ŀ񱩣Ҳ̺һ˿ĺ䡣
ҶĿҶɺҶϣ֪ҶɺҶʲôΪˡҶɺҶ诸ѩ֮󣬽ܴ
Ҷ۲ҶɡҶ诶ˣһԵѩ΢΢һЦڵΪͽ֮ǰҷһصϵǳǿ󣬶ҷǳǵʣұ㴫һֱ״ǹΪٸԱԴ񵤺Դ񵤣ǵΪѸͻƵ硣ϵǳʺֱΪͻͽѾˡܹﵽʲô磬ҪŬˡ
ѩΪ޹ԵʣΪһĮǶҶȴƺЩ࿴Ҷ˵ʱȻޱ飬ȴЩЦġ
ҶɺҶ诵ΪѾﵽأҶͷΪ𺳵ģһսǿʦȻ°빦ô̵ʱڣҶɺҶ课ȻѾﵽأҲǣѩֳǿߣ϶źܷأ鵤ҩȥҶɺҶ벻УԴ֮ĶĵˣټҶɺҶ诱츳ܺãٶܲ
ǰת״ĹؼʱڣûܼʱûҰɣҵһʣû뵽ȫҷѩһ⣬һǳ׸ˡѾʻһҪ֮ض죬ǵһαôӣֻ
常һֱֶмӣֶ常Ͻ˵вҲ˵ѩʿʵȨˡ
ѩ΢΢ͷֵҶɺҶƷѣҷǳ⣬úܺáȻ۽ܣ۽ܱϾ꣬ڵȻ۽ڰȨҵҲܣҪྭӪǴùϵδлϼ֮λ
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ոձѩʴرԺʱ򣬾ѾвҪǰοֻʱأѩʾ֮ˣЩֻò˲ʥƷԼֵҩǵĿĺܼ򵥣Ҫܿδ˴ùϵ
ѩʵһΪôҿδѡѩʵ֧֣λĻỹ൱ġ
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ѩ¶һ˿֮⣬ǻһ£ǸݵλΪ󣬾ңҲǾܹġ
Ǹݵλѩʴ˻Ҫ𣿡Ҷ΢Щصǻں϶Ϊ0˱һսʻҪ
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Ҷ̹Ȼص˵ͷ
ҶҶ˳ΪǬʺʵĵӣҶʦʱѡĶѩʵĺѣѩʡǬʺӦѾһЩˣѩʻ֪һ㣬Ҷ֡
Ҷ˲ű֪Ǽ廹ûǻں϶ȳʮġѩʳƬ̣ϾԳݣ̫˼Ҫռλǻں϶ȳʮŵӣֲ̫ÿڣ˶ٵ˵㻹кܶڶ½δɽҵݣȥͥ˵һ˵ɼٸûʲôġ
սʼǿȻܹһЩ˽Ԫ½ҲһƣӵмǿȨսʿɣͨսɼٸѾǼˣٶĻҲҪǮġ
ҶһϲٸȻ࣬ҲʤˣɽȻǺõġ
ȷʵѾûǻں϶ȳʮˣһǧ˸ոմӶ½ɹһûüǲǻں϶ȣǻں϶ȳʮģ͹ȥҶѩʴùϵаһġ
ѩص˵ͷҶһۣЩ͵صһϢѷɫңӦǻްɣû뵽㾹ҵսʼĻޣҶһ˲űǰ;Ȼ
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۷ݴ֮λҽһЩ٣Ȼ̫ԭ۽ܵ档
۽ܽʱϢģûκζҵһ˳λ̳ҲͻȻٲҵڵڶ˳λ̳ԭҲܵɵһЩѹ۽ʧȥ֮λͻȻߵʳǼźٳ˼׮⣬ʱʱҲݷһѩʡѩʲϲˡ
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ڻʳǹ࣬ҶѩʵָΪ˺ܴѾﵽ񺣰ؾ硣
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һʱҶõһЩϢЩ뿪ʥǵҶӵǺܶѾϻ񳯸ţһѾ뿪ϻǰˡе˸⣬еĿʼظҶߵ·ǻʱȻٺʼؽլԺɷ粨ϻ񳯣ϻ񳯳͢Ϊ𶯡
ϻ񳯳ǧĹݽԸ飬˶ʥҶҵĲϻ񳯹Դ¼ΪŭҶҵʵ̫ˣ漰񳯣ҡ˹ϻ񳯹׼ʥҶңһЩӣͻȻ֮䣬ⳡ粨ƽϢȥ֮ǰŭҪҶҺÿϻ񳯹죬ͻȻûˡ
ʥҶȻãϵûжʥҶҷѣƾԸѩƬһ͵ʳǣȫ쵯ѹϻ񳯵ĹǶʥҶҲļɵ£ҶҾȻ̩ɽһ㣬ʲô˲õĺ̨
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ڽһʱ䣬Ҷȫһֻ۱һֻۣʥǵĹҲֻؿԭԼ汻Ҷҵ׬ߣֻεظɵۣȻʥҶң춼Ҷ޿κΣܰҶôأ
ǮӸʥǣҶҿʼˣһһ˱ɽʥǣȻ󱻰һֵĲԽСϵǻں϶ȴﵽ˾˵75ϧСϲܣȻһ켶Ĵڣ⻹ʮ߸ǻں϶ȳʮ
Ҷָѩȥǻں϶ȳʮĵӣʣʮĸΪսʵĵӡ
ǨҶ˺ǵԽԽ࣬ԽԽҶ˺ǵ߳ʥǣӿԪ½ء
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ҶûʲôܹģΪʦǲԭΪеãʥ֮ŷ֣ǵʵڲ̫ˡҩȻһ̾
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ûκϣôӺѧ𣿡ڼЦ˵
ʦַģЩ׼ˡҶ΢΢һЦԼ󿴹ȫ¼ʦʦֵ˴ﵽһҩʦ֮ȥҸ߼Ҳü
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óӵĲӣд֣Ԫ½֣ɷ裬Ծ
Ҷ̧ͷȵؿһ۵ۣа֪۵۵൱ֵõġĪǵԭԪ½ˣȲȥ˶½Ȼҵط
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ԭԪ½ˣŵ۵飬Ҷо˵صķŭ˻Σ۵϶ܵһЩ˵ѹȣŻѡ񱳾ֻǵ۲Ը˵ˡ
ǰ֤һԻصǸʦ壬飡Ҷ˵һǿţЩվ˵ʦôҶҳȻԽǣ
ҶĻ۵һ˿Ƶɣ뵽˲űҶҺǵҶ˵ĲԣҶҳһ𣬻ΪԪ½ҫ۵Ĵڣ
ۼ΢΢ҶᶨصĺܶණҶѾģֻҪҴﵽ񺣾磬ұܿʼһʦ
ǾǰˡҶֳϿҵصԥ˵ۼöһƷԴ񵤡
Ҷ־س½һۣڵٶȣһӦǿ԰˺ǵȫϵģоǺһ壬ҶҪ̨籵ҲǨϾ̨ѾԼŮˣҶչˡ
ȻҶҵĲͣҪôˣĽǮʵ̫ӴˣҶôӴһҲмУֻһһ
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Ҷ磬ǹ췢ǰ͢μӻʢ磬˵ϻ֮ҲмλǳӦǰ常Ҳڱ֮СݸҶһ̽
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ǴλսͬʱưˣĻҲҶ磿΢΢һƲЦ˵Ϊϻ񳯵ĹҲֻǵõλսǿߵֶ֧ѣ֪Ҷô֮󣬺Żﻹӣ
ȻѩҲȥˣҲȥɡҶͷȻܶ˶ҶҵıɽһǣʼҶңҶȻ׼еʵչǰֻǲμһѣӦò󣬸ҪӴģֻǲ֪컹ʲôˡ
ҶӦĸ˷ܵģҶȥĻͿ԰Ҳϣһβμֻʢ磬ǰɻǰġ
ڣϻ񳯹ţЩŵ鼰ϻ񳯣ҶҵһЩӦѾŵ棬ҶҪСĲǣͻȻѡѵ
ҶкһĪǻܰôɣôⲻѩʴҲڣ
ĵûʲôҲˣֻǼǼλ֪ʲôͷҪСΪá
Ҷ΢΢ͷϻŶԸԼҲҪעǻ᲻赶ɱˡҶҵĿʵ̫ˣΪϻйĹУǺ޲ֱӽҶҸ壡
ͻȻԼμӻᣬȷʵò
ֻҪСһ㣬ץѱûʲôˡ
ҶܹǳˣȻҲʲôҿ׼ʲô˵
ҹĻ٣յĻʳȴǵƻַͨǷĹٵϣϢ֮ѷɫһݻŻʳǷ۶ȥ
ǻʢ磬ܹ˶ϻͷ˵˼λ񳯵ˡЩ׼ҪһչͷǣΪԼͼȡ档
ʳǵȻҲ˴μʢ硣
ѩʴҶһһʯ˻ʳǡ
ʳڵһΰ׳ۣһڹ͢ǰ濪Ĺ㳡ͣһλλŻǱ˴Цӭкһǰ
ѩʴˣһ۵˹عЦһѾ޼ɽһͷ׵ͷԺ󣬱۾Ц֮ϸгһ죬˼־ĸо
ˣѩ΢΢˵ͷɫĮصΪսǿߣҪЩνĺż
죬ϻ֮һҵļϻ񳯵࣬һֻթϺꡣһԴҶ
Ҷ΢΢ͷȻһЦУżľ⣬Կó˷ǳƻ
λҵſ𣿡ĿҶϣһĺƱʵ
ҵҲ˽ˣλˣҵĹ͡ѩȻƽȵصȴǲû˵Ҷ
ѩôһ˵Ѿ֪Ҷһ㣬һĨɫЦصһһᣬû뵽ѩʴҲһ͹ϹͿ࣬ѩʴˣһȥɡ
컰ƺָѩʲ⣬ȳڵȥ
Ա߻һЩǰ壬Ҳڵȥ˽Ŀ򰵵Ͷ˹ע⵽ѩ֮ҶĿ죬󲿷˶Ҷмֳӡ
ҶԼҶӵ飬Ҷ峤ĳȵȣͨǳˮĴ˳ȥܶ嶼Ҷҵ˷룬ǳҶҲһ˶ҶȴǾԶ֮Ҷֳôķ粨𺦵˻ʼҵ棬ȴȻûжҶңкܶԵɣʱƣҶҵǶҲ֪һЩ붯ҶҲ飬οЩˣ
ҶУѩʺ˴
ǰλϣѾ˰λսǿߣû뵽컹мӵģȻ붯ôλսǰ
ҶһǰؽѩȥЩսǿΪǰλãҶڴλ
ţڣ֮гֹսǿߣҲսǿֵ֧ġսʵ֧ܹڻʳĸСһһҶܣһ绪սǿߣȻ󲿷Ѿϣˣ¸ûǵκκۼһͬ꣬ɢǿƣͨ˸Ǿսǿߡ


586 ӵ
죬ҲֻЩս֮Ц쿴ҲʮӣȳȣʵѾ꣬һʮصǿߣսҲֻһ֮ңѡ
ǻں϶ȿԴ񵤴ﵽʮϣʼûǰһеǻں϶ȼﵽʮϣΪԭҲпǻԵδԶͣǸط޷ΪлߣǺܶġ
Ĵʱۼ˼λԸŹˣｻЦﲻϣ䲻һЩŹŪɧ
Ŀ⳯ԶȥɺҲڣһȺӸ磬һȺ˶ǻʳȨƵĺӵܣǰûлμֲεᣬԸ޷뵽ǸȦӵС
ɺ֮϶¶һ˿Ц֮ɫ֪ȺӸ˵ʲôȺ˵Ŀһ볯Ҷ߿˹
Ȼˣǹȥһɡһ࿡ݵṫЦ˵վһϮĽɫۣͷϴһڣԵ÷ΣȲһȺӸеͷ
ϻ̫Ӽ׿
磬ڷǽ벻̫ðɣṫԱߵһݽ޵ŮһԶҶڼ׿ߵ
Ůһ׺Ļ˿ȹĳ£̬񣬶ׯš
һŮǻ弧ҵĻӼ׿񣬻й档
ٷļ׿񣬻˵ļ棬ѾǵϵΪˡ
ǵǻں϶ȴǺܸߣֻʮѣ֮ڵΪΪ壬÷ԴżĹϵ
һֻҪǻں϶Ȳ̫ʹôҩѵ绹ǿԵģҩȥ󾢲㣬ֻЩǻں϶ʮ˲Żַһǻں϶ȳʮĶѡԼȲֻҩ
߳һǿˡ
Ҷ̬ļ壬ǻں϶ȳʮĶǳţǳһǻں϶ȳʮϻֵطѾǳˡ
޷ѡ׿ĿȴҶϡ
׿˵ҪһҶȻû飬һȺҶڵĵط˹
һȺ˳Լ˹ɫһ䣬ĻҪЩǵؿҶ
԰ꡣҶ˵̩ɽţƷŲ裬Щ
Ҷ˵ӣЩԼȸҶǲ̫Զˡ
Զѩע⵽ȴû߹ֻǲΪһЦҶֳ涼ӦǸɴ໹ʲôҪˣֻһԿϷ
׿һȺһ·ĿҶϣȴֻǶ˵غŲ裬ȫĵ
ôҲϻ񳯵̫ӣκһҺŵӵܣֻҪϻ㣬û˸Ҷô
׿΢΢Щ죬ɫ
ôҲϻ񳯵Ļ壬Ȼв죬ȴûйֱӵر¶еġ
ȴǺƽһۣСʱ棬ʱĸĸڣĸȥ֮ʧˣҲûʸʹˡҪһϾֻǹѡ
׿ݲѣĸȴ׷ŹҶ
һԵɺͰͲסˣĻ̥ͲҶַʱǱлɳˣĻܷŹ
㵨Ҳ̫˵㣬û̫𣿾Ȼ񣡡ɰڳһͷȻλϵ
ȴǸûɣԸǶȻµģֻһڳ϶ԹԵվ̫Ӽ񣬵ѾҶˡҶվվվͲվ̫
ɼԼһۣɫڣҪ˵ʶôȴҶһڲ裬صϻ񳯵ɷй涨ʱǱ̫𣿡
ɷȻûĹ涨Ҷ̬δҲ̫˵㣬ȫԼ׿üͷøǵһα˵ӡ
ҶҲ̫ˣȻ˶ײ̫ӵ£ϻеΣˣϻ񳯣ҵ£Ҳһ԰ǻ
ʱ䣬ǶҶҲ˽⣬֪֮ԸҸǶԿҶڱŹҶ侮ʯĻ᣿Ҷ뼧ַǾаһġ
˵СǶ߿˹׿оеҲסϻ񳯵Ļ壬һһ˻ʼҵ档
̫ӵº͹Ҫ£ǾɣˣûжλˡҶָָԱߵΣصһŵɺһ첻ӡ
ż׿ͼĹӸҶΪŭǹ˼ϣǿ¶Ҫˡ
һֱվһܶ飬׿ȻЩŭλϾҶѾ̨¡ҲȻؿһҶҶʲôͷȻ
֪ʥҶǴӶ½Ǩϻ񳯹񡣡׿ԽԽñ̲סǲյͥɷϻȨҶ
׿ŭڣһ˿в˼Ҷ̬ȼΪ
ȴҶƤҲû̧һ£ƽһڲ裬̫ӵ£ϻ̫ӵ𣿡
ȻǣҸ׿
̫ӵµȥ㸸ǷҪҶ˵֮ǰҪȾ˼ǣϻҶȥʵ̫ˣЩҶ̫ӵ²Ϊϻɹ˵ɣҶƽȴ͸һֵ壬Χ˶оһ˿ѹȡ
ΧЩӵǣû뵽Ҷ̫˵ֱⷬǵ졣
ǹ˵㣬ѵ˵㲻ɣЦ
һССҶ峤ҲҶ̫񣬻òͷˣس
СӻǸӣ֪ߵغ񣡡
֪
һںӵܶҶʵ̫Ű裬׷׳ָ
׿ĿȻ֪ϻ񳯲˵㣬Ԫ½֮ȨƵģǾսˣ񳯵Ĺս֮以಩ĵĲϻ񳯹ҪսϹ֮⣬˽ﻹҪսʡ
Ҷ˵⻰ԼҶıսɽԸ
׿ҧλսʵ֧֣һĺҸ޷ᲢۣѵһССҶңܻλսʵֲ֧ɣ


587 սʵ
׿ȻΪһ̫ӣǱϾ޷սһ˽Ӵ֪ϢҲʮޣֻ֪Ҷҵ˼ţΪ˼λսʵĵӣȴ֪Ҷҵ׳˶ٸǻں϶ʮϵţҶܹ
Ҷ˲񺣾ѣǰֲԳǻں϶Ϊ0Ҷܶв
һոǨӵϻ񳯵ļѣǨʱûһ꣬ǳʲôǿƵıưˣ
ܺã˵ĻҶˣ׿һȻﻰⶼҶǽˣûеڷѣ᳡ϣôλսǿڳȻִ󣬷Ǵսǿߵ£ܳʲôԭ򣬸ġ
ΧЩأɺ벻ͨΪʲô̫ӵ¾ȻҶ鷳ҶС˿ֱƻʼҵȨţٴһ¡
ʱԶͻȻϲĽ
ܣôҲ
Ҷֵܣû뵽Ȼ㣡
ϤҶ̧ͷȥӭ߹ҶҶͼס
硢磬״磬ҲˣҶЩϲվӭȥ
ǸʦһġҶЦҶļ򣬵
Ǭʴ˺ʴҲˣҶҶͼףҲվǹ
ţںѩʴ졣Ҷͷ
ղҶҶͼױһȺڵΧţûз߽ҶֱҶпҶŴҶͼ׸˵˹
ҶҶҶ죬ԶЩС졣
⼸˭
㲻֪Ǭʺյĵӣǻں϶ʮϵĳţǵݣǬʺʻһֱⱣء
ǻں϶ʮϵĳţЩϢȫ۾һǻں϶ʮϣǿлսʼǱɣֵǺúþӪϵ
˵֮ǰܶ嶼ԼŮ޸ҶҶͼףǾܾˡ
׿һԿţüͷ΢壬֪ҶҶҲ֪ҶҶҶֵܣû뵽ʵĵӼҲҶϵǳҶҵ׻жٶ֪ģҶѾõλսʵ֧ˣټѩʣǾλսʣ弧ңҲСӡ
һںӵ˼ǻں϶ȳʮĳţȻҶңʵе㾪ˡ
˵콫ʮλսʵ
˺ö࣬һ㶼ֻ
ǰ⻹ϡ档Ǭʡʸᵽģȴˡ˵ͥǱмλսҲҪֻǻ·ϣڻûе
ÿһսʶڹ֮ϵĳһ˾Ҳ벻û뵽Ȼʮλսʵʵ˵ϡ
˵λսԵͥģһλǳصĿˣû֪ȷеݣҲ
ʱƣڷԽԽ˽ƬĴǧ˻ǿԵģȻûһӵĸо
ʱһЩ˷ܹܵҶк̬ȹǳ
峤
峤Ҳﰡܼ̫ˣ
ǵ滪ߵ
һһ½½ҶǰҶҶҲˣϾһ̫ˣҶԼҲû뵽Ȼô˺͵ӡ
μսر࣬ƺ˵ǰЩӵУһ붼ҶһǵˡûһǿҶ֮Ȼȫкˡ
ԼȥæɣҶεذڰ֣Щ˺ǵɢ
ҶһֻۣǿЦһҲû취ģЩҶӵܻǵȥЩսͽܣȻȸѩʵͣȻóóȻǰȥݼЩİսʣЩս˭㣿
ôֱӺǣ߿ᣬЩսʴӹһȫҶҺǵġ
֮ôսʲμⳡᣬԭҲڣܶսͨһԼµӵļˣҲ֮顣ԽŻͻȻôλսμӼᣬμ᲻˳ѡ
Щʲôˣ
ǵǸʲô⣿
׿ߵļӵСţ˸߿ЩǴȥˣϢǴһղŹҶģһȻȫսʵĵӣȫǻں϶ȳʮţ
Щ˱սʦѾ߸ˣ
һںӵܿҶĿʱˣ㼧ҸҸһԿЩҲǲңϾǵıһֻһλսֶ֧ѡ
׿һ´һЩϢڼ׿Ķ߶˼䣬׿ҲɫҶʵȻȫ
ʱƣķΧԵЩŹˡ
ΧЩǶһ𾪡ηŵ̩ȻϺȲҶжоһ˿Ϣ֮С
⾿һʲôļ壡
Ȼ֮ţ
Ҷԭ¶̫࣬û뵽һξۻᾹͻȻ⣬һʱһֱæŸ飬ıܹ̫ˣЩǿģҲֻҶҵıɽһǶѣֵʮ֮һҲ̫Ҫ
ҡҶһȻһԵļ׿žƱڵɫЩΣ˺ܾãҶǸ׹Ҷǧǲõġ
ҶЦЦؿһۼ׿񣬶ԼϵľƱһ
׿ȻûǸⱭȴѾһ˿ҪҶͽ˼ˡ
ϻ񳯵Ļ壬ҶصʵҲǲòСضԴ
׿ʾãǻжʱһüˬУɺͽż׿ʲôãҶȣ׿ƨǣ
׿ߵļˣ׿ҶƣҲɫ졣
һ˿ɫû뵽Լһ߰Ĵ磬Ҳ˷ʱҶʲôͷ֪ԭίЩɻ
ӵǿ׿ˣĻףһŸθҶϹϵʲʲôϵҲһҪãղŵìܲǡ
ɺЩȻ뵽Ҷ֮ǰóλսʵԭҶҳôţЩսΪʦҶõôսʵôսʶ֧Ļǵ֮أ
Ƭ̺һ׵Ҵҵ˹
ҶλǸʵ
ǡҶɫʵʲô飿
ҶˣǱ߼λսʴȥϽϥأֵ
λսʵ룿Աڶӵнһݡ
õġҶһԱߵɨһˣ΢Цλʧ㡣ʲôҡ
ǡ˵ͷ


588 ƽƽ
ҶλĴ³ԶһսȥһսǵȦͨǺѽģϻȨƵĹǣҲóȻսǵ졣
ΪǸһεģǸȦӣǸûʸ룡
Ҷ뿪ڶӵҶ᳡ϣȻܵսǵ룬ҪǷϣϵҫ
ڶӵǵĿȻλϵʱҲãľٶˣ
֣֪Ƿ񻹼ǵңҵҼǵСʱһءһĺӵͻȻ˵һЦӯӯӣôƵġ
֣ȷûмǴü˿ǰˣЦЦȻ֪˭ֻ˵Сʱһ飬ȴһӡûУʲô⣬ֻû뵽Ϊʽܺ޳ܵȵزĻЩȵġ
ȻûǴҸֿǺֵܣֻһʱ뿪ʳȥ˱񳯣֮Щˡֹ˶£ǵСҲȻģ治ɫغٺЦ
Χӵܶӵؿһʽֱ˵СӴСڻʳǣʳǵŶûȥ˵ȥʲô񳯣ֱ۾˵Ϲ
ڶһμϻڶĺţȦӣƽʱȥѣһȦǲ˵ģգҲǸϣ̳һμѡͨӵܼԴҲȥ
ݣƽʱҪ˵һ仰ѣöԷʽˡ
ԱһðװֵתתȻ޳һ㣬Ǻܹõġ
ǣǸֵһȳϵشǰȥְ㻹ǵССлҵлСʱǲǾһȥԵ𣿡̬ȼΪȻʶһ㡣
ǳ˳飬Щ˻һһƤСʱɴûȥԡ
شΧЩӵһȫ̬ģУȫֵʮϤ
ڻʳô꣬Ȼ˽˵ƢԣǼʹģҪҶǸʽ顣
ǰҪύЩӵܣ˰Ͱ͵͵ǸϣǱ˻û뵽ȻҲн죬ЩӵһȻǰƶι
һжΪҶ
뵽ԼЩܵĿüҶȷľ
ڶӵȫӵߣͬΪӵܵɺ񣬷⵽䣬ǵһ˿񶾵ĹâСʲôֻͣ˹ʺ˽ύҶȻһӾͷˣ
ɺﲻʰҶѩڱ֧֣ܿܽһ峤ǸĹϵã峤ǿԼж౯ˡ
ȻӵƽʱǶԼҲû飬ⶼôˣ
Ҿһ׿Ҳһơ
л̫ӵ¡΢Цžٱͷ±оƣаٸнһǰҲгһգ񳯵̫ӵ¾Լƣ
˴ǸҶҲˣƣҲ̫˰ɡ֪Ŀǰֻҵĵ˳λ̳˶ѣмԵȴǲ²͸
òȻ޷̨籡ꡢȣҲϳڣ󷽣ƽ׷ڶ࣬ȴ⵽䣬ͷ·һҪŮһ㡣
ɫӦǰˣȻϷǳƽȴǼȣǰн죿˿Աߵļ棬СʱԶԶһ棬Ҳ͵͵ҪȢĹΪޣųԽԽʵݵλ⡣
ʵǻὫ˵γ׷飬÷˲ԼҲûκλˡÿ춼£Լң¿µµΪһ
ȻٱЩʵֵĻ룬Щ׳־δĥ
ڵ˽죬̫ӡһϣڶӵܷйά
ǰԹһɨգȴûие㣬ˣĿ겢ֻΪ˸ЩһҪĸ࣡ʶҶĺ󲼾̵֮ʶǰԼǸ̫Сˡ
ǰĿʮһλսʻмڻϣʲôλսûе
Ҷڽ£˹
ѩʿҶƽ޲ѵ¶һ˿Ц⣬һָԱ߿ŵӵɡ
Ҷ̹ȻˣսҲûбֳκβԵüΪ⡣
龰ԶЩעߵͷһݣЩսǾȻҶƽƽ
λǬʣλʣʡʡľʡѩһһҶܵ
ʮһλսʣǶ׵Ϣֻͨһ㣬ѩϣܲһ˿ȻǶһꡢĳ࣬ʵѾϰˡ
ܹսʷŵģǾǿߣ
ҶǵȫԺʮһս֮УаλսʶҶһǵӣֻʡʺľûС
Ҷô˵Ҷ˲űϷ£һֱûкĵӣ㿴΢΢һЦһ죬ΪսǿߣһСܹе㲻˼
һڲϰڶ½ҶɹĿǰǨʮ֮һǨǻں϶ȳʮģһʴ͹ȥҶЦǾԲ߱ˣǻں϶ȵ顣
㻹жûǨЩȵʵ֪ҶʥѾºܶˣڵļôôˣ
ҵ˲ǧ࣬ҵˣﵽ˼ͨգڡҶȻ½ŰճϦܾȶپ;ȶˡ
ڶսҶƷԵԪ½֮ˣҪЩͨգĻǵǿ԰һǨ˹ͥģҶȻҪǨ˹ǾΪˣϾԪ½ԴѾǳˡ
ÿ˿԰ɼٸ˹ٶΪˡһ˵
λսʴԸæСѾʮָлˣɹǶ١ҶϽлֻɼˣҲǼʮӰأԼѹˡ
սȻ඼Ǯ붼ǧӰʲҪĴǮ㹺һƷҪʮӰ𣬻ҪµӵȵȣǮҲǶôԣ
ԣģǼսսʣսǿһսսͻķѴԴȻÿԣˣӦҲʧȥɡ
һʮսУսĴоʮڵְͥĴжʮĽʮ
쵽ʮһսǿߵУģĸԸսԵͥ
սǼ֧ߡ


589 
һߣȻڳÿһսʶҶҵӣʵһ˵顣һʦͽϵǷǳȹ̵ģԼսʲǮƷѣȴʦͽϵ
ҶҪһϻ񳯵Ĺܹõֿ֧±ֻ಻٣
Ҷһ޴вҶʱƺûκҪ֮λͷǺ˵ģ˵ͷǻġ
ܽҶ󴬺Լһ𡭡
ҶΪҶҸ˲űɷҵȣһ飬ŮƷò绪ïܹ޸Ҷ˱֮ϣ֪λսʻҶΣ˼תϴźƵЦݣĿɨڶսʣҶϡ
ףҶҾļֵǽ޸Ҷϻ񳯻弧Ҿаһ
Ҽ湫ȷʵƷò˫ܹɾһμԵҲһ׮¡һԵǬʹһЦ
Ҫ޸Ҷ
컰һڣϢһ㴫˳ȥҪ¼ޣȻףǹģʵǰδе飬ŵȨ˲һϺ꣬ǺγԼҵŮ޸ҶֻǾȻһ
ڶӵǶҶĽʺްо󲿷˵ˣ׵˲֪ж٣ûͬ⣬û뵽쾹ҪŮ޸Ҷ
ҶҸոǨԪ½ŶãٶδҲ̫˵㣬ô̵ʱ֮ڣκһŶСҶˡ
ҶȻûеκսʣе̫ˣδӰԹġ
̫Ӽ׿뵽ղԼڶӵ֮ܵ£ȻҶַʵǲ֮٣ݺݵصһɺ񣬶һĴ黹ûеʰĳ̶ȡ
ڼ棬Ϣ糺죬Ϊ߷ߣϾżҶһѣȻҪԼ޸һİˡ
ɺо̫ӶݺݵĿ⣬ͷһͷĬ
ȻԹһЩ˼֪ԼǲܵģҶȢ˼棬ϻ񳯵ĵλΪȹ̣ǻᶨظҶĺ档
λսʶϴЦ⣬׷ױʾ֧֡
ҶԼΣѩʿҶʵ
λսʴˡЩףСѾȢޡҶֵ̬Ȼ񣬵ʮּ
Ϊʲô˵أͥҲûй涨˵Ȣڶʰ˰֣Ϊص
Ҷ峤ݵλҲֻһӰɣ
ҶҡҡͷҶлλսʴ˺⣬δǼλ֮ǰҲȢù¼ޣҵĲңԹݶȻǲ׵ġ
¼ޣȻҡһԵľ˵ǼĿɽ֮һǼֻһң׮¾ûʲôˡ
֪ƽʱûڲడѩʵѯʹֻҲΪƽʱҲûпҶֹ߳Ůˡ
ҵӲǻں϶֮󣬷ֱǰǺսԪսˡҶ̹ȻصȻȻѾ϶̨ˣ飬ΪȻԻñУYǲ֪٣Ҷû
ǶҶ빲ȥȢһֻһĹ
ŶĪҶӶ츳׿֮ˣѩмȻص
ǻں϶ȶʮҶ˵ͷʮֵȻص
ӵǻں϶ȶʮ
ԾλսɫΪ𾪣Ϊսʣǻں϶ߵʣҲֻﵽ59ѣǿףǻں϶ȳ70ģʲôţ
ֱ͸ˮһ򵥣˿Ҫϰսʾ磬ּſֻҪʮ꣬еֻҪͿˣ
Ҷǻں϶ȶ70Ǽ޸Ҷ뵱ңŶûУҲҶͬͬ˵
ͷ̲סҶ߾Щʲô̬ŶôŻ¼Բˣ޹ȥ᲻䵹ΣŮ֮ԴǺģһҶˣҲǵòʧ
ڶսƽʶ㣬ʱҲ˾̾ԭҶô츳˵ţѹҶҪˡƾǻں϶70ϵĳţҶҲԻޡ
ؿһҶԭǻֻǰҶһ󱲣˿̣ǿҶȫʸƽƽˣȻҶһ񺣾ߡ
ҶСӣҿСӶǹѾͷе˼˳ˮ顣ʨүҶ
һ飬֪ʨүĻҶλսʻм
ʲô飬˵޷εЦЦ
ҵֵܣԹҲжӣף֪ΣҶ΢Цſ죬Ȼһ֮Ҷ̬Ҳ̩Ȼ
΢΢üƺֻҵĵ˳λ̳ˡ漴˼һҶѩʻ֧֣˳λ̳˷򵥣һμˣұϾϻ񳯵֮һѩܣ㹻ʸˡҶ˵ֵܣףϵҶҲ棬ȻҲ档
սǿ߶ͷ˼һ
Ҿ鲻ľʶһڣЦص
Ҳúܺá
ڶսʷ׷ױʾ֧֡
Ȼλսʴ˶֧֣ͬ׮ˣЦشӦ
ҾʹлˡҶҲЦˣԼ칰ֵ
ΧЩû뵽鶸תҶȻܾ˼죬ףȻͬ⽫¼תҲĳԭҶǻں϶ȳ70ţѹֲԸȢǱǸСӣ˹顣
콫¼ѾȷһμˣȻô彻
ǡԱߣŮϢʱͨ죬վ͵͵ؿһȻҴҵߵˡ
ҲһЩ⣬û뵽ҶǰףѵҶҲԹôһЩ뷨𣿶ˣѹԼܹȢĶҶ˸м
ԺҶΪֳѣĿɱؿɼа䣬ΪҶȢ˹ΪҶлܹΪҼĸĴ
ɺϢ֮ȫɵۣг˲ʺԹߣСӵƾʲôƾʲôܹȢ
ǿԼˣÿһν棬ܵһһǸϳ˻ʳǣͻȻ㷭ȢζһμûʲôϷˡôľӪȫӰҪβܸģǿǶ񶾵ͷ
һᣬϢӦ˸Ļ¡
ⳡʱһЩϲϢ
ԺǾһˣΪ־һԱߵļ׿һЦơ
֪ΪϢڶǷ׷׹ơ
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590 
ʱլԺ۽ܺ۷һС졣Ȼ۷ΪҵĴȻףɫ֮۽Ϊӡ
۷磬˵Σ۽ͳ˵
ȻǼõģ۷мġ۷˵ţȴǸ̲ѣ۽ܵĸףһֱڼΧеͬȻݴ֮λȨ󲿷Ȼ۽ܵСҶ۽κβһ۽ܻ۽ܵĶٶȵϼ֮λԺͲкӹˡ
ܺã۷磬ңҲġѩѾܼܶˣѾǰȫһˣѩһܹġ۽ܵ˵һĨɫ
۷Ȼף۽ܻ֮źԵвζ۽ֶζĸĸ۽ܵѩȻкܴĻȨܹµ۽֮λҲѳ׸ıҵ״ִûǼ⣬۽ܵĸڰѳ֡
۷Ȼһ̾Ȼõѩʵ֧֣ѩһֱһܹȸıҵĸ֣޷ϼ֮λ
ʹڵͻȻ䣬洫һȡ
۽ܺ۷綼һ㶣ڿʢôͻȻʹң
ǻعȫۼǰĴӭӹʹڡ
Ƚּ۷Ϊվǰص˶Ļ
ʹһһ۽ܺ۷磬չһɫľᣬʥͣ²ż汸Ϊؽطʥǳذ
˹ʹڵʥּ۽ܺ۷綼е޷ӦȻ¼޸Ҳ̫˼ˣ׷ſ֪Ϻôѡ
ڵҵĵ˳λ̳˰ˣʲôֶΣȢ˹
ֻѩʵ֧֣ҪҼĻᲢ󣬵˹֧֣ǽͲһˣŮҼ
ֶΣ۽ܱȵΪһ֮ļĺ
۶ŶڼļӵУʩʲôֶΣ۽ܻɵģϾǿһ֮
˻֧֣۽Ҽ֮λˣһҪˣʲôֶΣǵ㲻˵ȸˣ
ûзǷֶΣôϹ֮λ
ʥͣ۽һƬǱѩµ֮λҲûУҪ֮λҪѩʣҪһֲļ졣
Сӵʲôʺˣ
ֱʹ뿪˶ûعСӾȻȢ˹ⲻΰɣǶȻὫ׼޳ģҵϢϢأǼ쵽׿ʲô
۷Ҳǲ֣׹ԼСһʼִץ֮٩٩̸ٵѩʵ֧µ۽ܵļ֮λٵͻȻΪŮԲǳеֶΣ
ǰľګãֻܿǵ͵̰ˣʩչֶΣһӾͰ۽ܸˡ
۷ͻȻЦ̲סЦﶼ۷Ц
۷磬ʧķ𣿡۽ܳŭصӽ쿪ʼоԼҽʧȥš
ҵȻûʧķ裡۷绷˴ˣһЦǡеִϣиλּҼԼܶڣ۷Ҫ˵仰¼ϲ£һμѵѡˣλʲô𣿡
ɫ죬ȴ˿۷˵۷Ըӵ¼λλִϡּҼܣԼŰɣ֧һμģվɡ
ѻȸĬƬ֮һһ˳۷Ǳ˹ȥȹȥǸּҼ۽Լ٣һȨȱʾ˶۷֧֣ȻǸܣžִ۽ЩĸǣҲ׷׳۷˹ȥ
˵ѡ˵۽ֻܽǱµ֮λƾô۽ǲʧƵģȻ¼Ϣһжıˡ
κ˶֪۽ֻһ·
蹦˻վ۽ߣʮȨ߶ߵ۷ߣ˭Ҳ޷ֹҼˡ
ǺܺãǽͷߵСˣ۽Ťŭصڴû뵽ԼôľӪ˲߽⣬һһʵ̫ˣֲҪѾˡ
蹦һҲǼƣû뵽۽ʧƵô죬˿̾Ͷ۷ǱߣҲ޲ΪѺ·ϣͰˣ˭뵽ǰʱ仹һգۼͳ˹ŮδҼ
ݣ蹦һֻܹԼʱ˲ˣǰ϶Ҳһԥվ۷Ǳȥ֪һеѾ޷תΪһѩʵ֧֣ΪǿƵһμ
۽ôҲ벻ķʽѸٷ̣׼ʱ䶼ûС
ҷ䣬ǲܵģ۽ҧޣһƺ⣬ʱòâ˾Ļ󣬵ȻԸʹ䣬ϾҪμ֮λһʱỹǰ취ôܹ黹ҵģ

ʳڵỹڼУ˵ҪûеҲ֪Ǽ˭Ȼ˴ƣôսš
˵λսǵͥˣ֪ʲôͷ
һȺ죬ͻȻ֮䣬ҶԺеķɵ˵ز
ҶһüͷЩսǿߣҲԺķɵֻҶо˷ɵ
ʲô˷ɵ
ҶЩɻ
ʡٻʻƹﵽˡʱһ
ǽϽԸԼҲĸλս˵ʧ㣬Ȼææǰȥӭˡ
˵ʡٻʻƹˣλλսʶվ
һսʶˣҶȻҲỹҲվѯһԵѩʵѩʴˣʡٻʺǸƹʲôˣ
Ȼ˵עһ㣬ʺٻǵ֮ͥʵĵӣǻں϶Ƚӽʮţʮ꣬Ѿսһ׵ǿˡƹݵλΪ֪ݣҲ֪ΪΣ˲²֮Ů˿ȷѩҶСѵ
ԭǵͥĴѹЩսʼƽʱ۰һԴλԵͥսҲǿͿ
Ҷ룬Ժеķɵʼ˲ͣӿȫһȻǰҪһЩӿ֮ܿںϽ˵֮С
ڵľҲһ˿΢ı仯֮ھŸߡ
Щ֮ӵһ㣬Ҷ·ܹоǻȸԾ顣


591 Ȼ
ռ䲻󣬾໥ǣǾСˣջһֽɫҫ۵壬еĺһ㡣
ǹâɣתÿת֣̺
Ҷľ쳽ڶڴﵽԲ״̬
ˣ
صķԺظֳҶľﵽһĿ״̬Χһз·ӳڷȥֻһŮ˵Ĵӵ֮ʩʩȻ˽
˲ʱ䣬һµķŵ㣬˶һƮƮɵĸо·ɾһ㡣
ζǰŮɢŮӶ껪һϮذ׳ȹĳֱֱ£ţƮȻͬϵһ㣬͸һ˿߹ʥϢ޷˿֮ģ˰ݣµϴһ˿΢Цͬһչ
ʺٻʣӣ˶ʮҵӣĸüĿǳڵĳ࣬˲˴й˺СĿ⡣
ˣɶսʼǿߣ
һ˿ǣ¶ĽͼʣпĲôڵĳ಻˵׿츳
ΨһһΪȻģҲҶˣǳ໹츳˱֮Ϲ¶Ҫѷһ
ʡٻʡƹ룡Цݣؽӭ˹
δƹˡǬʹһЦ
Ǭʴ˹ˡ촽Ц֮දˡ
ǬӦʶģǬ˵ʱԱȽһЩ
ڳĶսʼǿߣһĴڣ˴֮Ӧ˼䡣
ٻʡʺƹԶһǸλӷˡľʾƱ˵
ľʿˡٻʡʺƹﶼȻ󷽵ؾƱһ
ٻʺʸڶս˵ʱĿⲻʱԱߵϣԸоٻʡʶƶжӡȻûȷر¶ȴԴǵ񿴳
ٻʺʶ˶֮ӣȻ˵ʱȽͣһֵİ͸¶
ƹȴһ崺֮Уоһļӡ΢ЦźӦ˼䣬̸ţ˼ĸоһ˵Żһ䶯˵ȴǳҶ˼ۡ
˫Ŀӵ˲䣬ҶоԺеķɵЩӦ
Ҳ֪ǺҶҲȫоΪĪ⡣
ٻʺʶʱʱƳҶĿ⣬һüͷȻƽͣκ˶赭ľ룬Ҳһȴһһμ˱ֳһЩȤĸ졣
ܹоҶȻмصϢǼҶΪ񺣾ѡ
һ񺣾ߣȻܸһȺսһ𣬲ٻʻʣﶼмֲмǵʦǵ֮ͥʴˣȨ۲Ǽλڵ˿֮Ტۣ츳Ƕǻں϶Ƚӽ70ĳţܱǷοһ񺣼ߣ
λֵ֪ܲʲôˣĪϻĳҵĲſٻԱȽϳһЩȴЩͲסˣҶ״ƺʵ
Ҷɼüоʢ˵ƣЩνţðƽ˵ֻһ·ˣһѣλԲҡ
λսҲʵĻƾǵĸ֪ȻҲеЩ΢ԾһʱЩĬ
ҼӵĴ磬ҽйһѩһԵƽƽ
һüͷֻһ߾ǺԭȻһȺս룿ڶսƺҲ͡ѩʣЩƫҶӣ֪߾Ϊλܵλսʵ
Ȼгɻ󣬵ûмȥ
ʡٻʺƹǰϻ񳯣ʲô𣿡һԵǬʲ
ʵʦǹȷʵһ飬˵ϻ񳯻ʳߣͨһǵСԪ磿ٻһԵҲûҶ׷ȥˡ
ôһطæͷսʲԶǧӵͥܲϹȻһСԪ磬˷ѽ⣬սǿôСԪȤ
ʦʴ˵õ۴ǱߴһѶϢСԪıԵ򣬷һողǻ壬ϻǣŲԪǵʮ֮һȷǻ굮ٻ˵
һողǻ壿Ǽѩʵڶսǿߣ¶֮ɫ
Ƕףһǻζʲô˵Ǹϻһǿߣ
ʴ׼ô죿Ǭʵ˷׷ѯʵ
ʦǸϹ׼СԪܹһǰϻǵͨҵͥѾһЩ˹ܹܹͨλսʣһ̽̽ǸϻǣǵһʲôĵطٻʹֵȻߣͬսǿʱΪ󱲣ԵüΪġ
ҵһᾡĽġѩʡǬʻʡľʵˣ׷׵ͷ
Ȼڶսʷͬսܶɽͷִµʱ򣬶ŽһĵġΪԪʱħвԪǸҲǱɣָһµӵǻ壬ԪǶǳشΪԪѾûиϵˡ
һǰĲμӻʱħ촦ֻʣһԪǿطѽǳԪ½Ĺ֮󣬱ˡ
֮ԪûһεҲûиȡκεϵΪֻǿߣɵǿգ˾Ǵﵽ񼶱ðսǿգҲ˲ᱻ޾ǿɡ
Щһֱǿ֮ħϾǲһġ
ͥ׼ܹǰϻǵͨԪǶشЩ˸ҲЧ
˶Ϊҵ̽ϻǷǻ飬ȴƹߵҶߡ
֪Ҷǻں϶Ƕ٣ƿҶ̬󷽵΢΢һЦܹܲǰϻǵͨƺûʲôȤӣҶΪ⡣
ڶսʲɫһ٣ɫЩŹ̸ֵͣΪʲôƹҶôȤԱߵʺٻʶѾЩˡ
ƹʵЩأȻʺٻʶǵ֮ͥʵĵӣƣȴһĲ֮ɫ
ԣƲŲʺٻǲǲˡ
ѩؿһƣҶشҶǻں϶ҲΪ0
ǻں϶Ϊ0ʺٻһۣе֮ɫһ
Ȼˡ˵ͷһЦЦ֮Уһ˵ζ


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Ҷʱעʡٻʺ˵飬оʺٻ˵Լǻں϶Ϊ0ʱ򣬲ûб֮⣬м𾪵ӣȴһԤ֮еӣҶоЩ֡
Ҷע⵽ѩһҲ֣ĪѩʸǸǻں϶Ϊ0˾ǰƣǹͬʶĳˣ
ҶΪǻǻں϶ϼȥȴƶһӣ̬ŵСһڲ裬ٿڡ
ʺٻʵĿҶƿˣ·ոʲôû̸һ
ҵͥѾϻ񳯾ˣܹͨĲҲѾ׼ˣͿԿʼｨҪҲ깤ڼܻᱻһЩħɧţʱҪλˡٻ˵˽ͨϡ
ʣҲ·ȫҶһ㡣
ڶսʷ׷ӦȻ̸
Ҷüë΢⵽ʲô˼ΪʲôٻʡʺƵģ˵ǻں϶Ϊ0Ͳ˵ȥˣĪʲôɻ䲻ɣ
ʱʨүҶԺҶСӣǻں϶Ϊ0飬ʲôܻ䣬Ҳ׷ˣƽʱСһ㣬ҸоʺٻʶЩƣʲô
ʨүսأȻΪˣǿڣ֪ҲǼΪģͨսʿܿʨүȴظоʺٻʵ仯
ʵϣͬսأѩҲûиоʺٻʲôԣԴʨүΪҶĻ֮ʨүѾһЩ仯ҶھǵѾ֪Ӱ쵽ʨү
ʨүĸ֪ͨսصĻҪöࡣ
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ţһ˲ֲ֪֪˵ҶҲΡ
ǰƵŮˣҸоǷе⣬ҲоΪоĴڣһ翵ĸоȻ֪Ϊﵽʲô𣬵Կ϶ǣŮ˲ǣСһ㡣һʱòҪκСԪ֮ĵطϽ񾳷ڶҲɢأͰȫˡʨү˵òҶʺٻʵ˵һЩֻҪСһ㣬Ҳû취ҶôµĻŮˣһжδ֪ģ˲µġ
ȻֹţеʱԽƯŮҲԽΣա
񾳷ڶأҶƬ̣ԼѾ쳽ڶˣٶ˺ܶ࣬񾳷ڶӦòѣܿɣ
ȻԪط˾쳽ҶЩطֱݡ
λʧˡҶվλսʵоʺٻ˵ʱȻڷҲûҪûȤ
㡣һԵ˵ƳһҶҶʵеࡣ
ȸˡҶûʣѩʵ˹˵Ȼڵķȥ
ڶսʶĬʺٻȻʵĵӣͥҪԼûʲôֱ̫ϵԼĵҶˣЩսϣȻվҶߵģʺٻʱֳЩΪȻ
ȨƣҶ޷ʡٻʿ⣬ҶߵǱȴǲСġ
Ͽ϶Ҫչ׵λսʲûжʡٻʱֳκβ
Ҷ뿪֮ؿһҶıӰ¶һ˿΢Ц
ƣҶˣôʿƣװĵʵ
һȤˣǻں϶Ϊ0Ȼֻ񺣼𣬵ǿҿʸ״СƳƬ̣һЦ
״Уôܣ𾪵صüͷһû뵽ƾҶôߵۡ
ƾٻмֲмǿԪǽУǿĴ֮һҲΪĴУ
ҲòܣȻƵ׼οǿˡǾԲԼҶѷɫģ״УҲûʸ
״еģɶһЩǻں϶ȴﵽʮϵĳ̬
ҲῴȴƶصЦЦؿһʺٻʡ
ʺٻշ̣ǳǻ۵·ȫǵ˼ò˵һһѹܴ飬Ϊе鶼޷ӹ۾ܶʱЩϸ΢С˼Ҳᱻƿ
ʺٻȷʵ뱻ҶȹȥǾãҶûʸǱȣ
ǻں϶Ϊ0ȷʵЩ⣬ûǻں϶Ϊ0ʲôԭ򡣰㣬ǻں϶Ϊ0Ӧȫ޷޷ˡ
ǣǳǣǻں϶Ϊ0ǿģһǳߵĲΣĿǰԪ½֪ģǻں϶Ϊ0һҶһơ
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ʵڳЩսʲ֪ǣԪ½ʷǻں϶Ϊ0ˣˣѾʷУͨ˸Ҳκι˵ϣֻơ֮ͥʻмλ֪˵¼
УһΪ񼶵Ĵڣм޵УΪԪ½¹ĹѫһζԿħսоǵ֮ӢۣǸǴս˲˹ĶҪйһȫĨȥֻһЩʷмǸ˵¼
ˣһħһʧ١
ǻں϶Ϊ0ˣһ㣬Զ޷ʷκκۼ
˶Ϊǧûһǻں϶Ϊ0Ҷһʵϲˡ
ƻҶܹ볣˲ͬˡ
ʺٻʶЩĬͬǻں϶Ϊ0ƶҶһЩȤҲǵʦ߹ǣеһܹȢƣһεĵ֮ͥ
ʴУΪ֮ͥǱԸ
ǣǺ㣬ҲǧټƵҪƵע⣬ʼոǱһľ룬е
ǼŮˣֻҪԱ¶һЩ˼ͻͶͱȻŮ˺ܲһȻҲڲͬŸǡ
Ƶųһʳ˼̻һ㣬ǷѾģȴȻûκջҶĳָǲһ˿ΣУȻףƶҶŮ㺣Ǵһǻں϶ͬΪ0˸оЩˡ
Ȼֻʺٻ㶼ЩʹˣΪƴûжκ˱ֳȤԶֵŵġǧ֮΢Ц
Ҷߵʱ򣬿ԸоĿ۽ԼϣĿЩƣӦʺٻʣһˣƽþһ̶ĺˮǸƵŮˣ
ǣһƽĿ⣬ȴ·һص˿˿ǣԼԺеķɵ
Ҷгɻ


593 μ
˵ע֮£ҶصԱߵλϣЩӵܣǼ׿֮ҶΪЦҶոտֱӸЩսǿ߶ԻȻ£Ҵ˶ҶҪһЩǺܶս˵仰ʸûС
뵽ղԼȻҪҶ鷳׿о쬵ģȻϻ񳯵̫ӣҶ鷳ûʲôҺԼøף֮ǰЩԹҲһʹˡ
Ҿ̫һҶƱԼ׿ҲּǳˣܹԴԲ׷ŵҸԣ޺
ҶԼƣ׿ֱܳĸоҶ᲻ǺԼأû뵽Ҷ˴ȡ
ղ³çˣҶֵܲҪ֣Է׿Ʊһ֮ǰİǵȻ޴棬̬ȼΪϿҡ
ֵܣԺҪ̫ӵ¶աҶһЦ
ǵȻֵܣҵ÷ԺһˣĸҲģ׿һЦ
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ʱ˴ţͬΪ˵ɺ񣬴˿ȴһߡ
Ȼɺҵһڶ˳λ̳ˣʱ˭᣿Ц˭Ҫǻɺ壬ǾǸԣԾǸ̫ӵԣǸҶǿµҶԣ
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֮ǰԹؿһıӰҧгݵصС߹ʺˣ
磬ô죿ʵȻɲͷԹͬĵˣվһ
Ȼȥ˵ƵһΨһ̵ܹģҲֻǵĸĸˡ
ɺ뿪ʱӰеζ
һֱеҹɢȥ
Щսʶ׼ϻ񳯻ʳǶһʱ䣬ʡٻʻҪͥСԪ繹ǰϻǵͨȻˡ
Ǹƹỹû֮ǰѾ֪ˡ
Ҷѩʡһң뿪ʱ򣬼׿һںӵǷǳؽ˺ԶŻȥ
ѩʴˣǸƹﵽʲô·صѩҵıԺҶԥƬ̣̽ʵ
Ҳ֪ѩҡҡͷǻں϶Ϊ0飬Ӧй
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ȻвٴԣĳλŮȴû֤ʵ֪ҹȥʵ֮ͥʴ˲֪
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ѩʴˣ֮ڵҼ֮λѶ𣿡Ҷѩʵֶΰ¼֮λȻ۽ܻǻᷴ˵ġ
ѩʵƳһҶЩνصΪҼѾûʲôˣ¼μҵľ󲿷˶ȻᷴԣΪҼζŸˡ
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лҶ磬Ҷ磬ҸûлҼ֮λûпȢϵصҶһַĵĸм
ҶףԼѾǳ׹ˣ΢΢һЦû˵ʲô
ӹңҲһҪСģ۽ƴһҶ
֣صص˵ͷ
ڶ죬΢¶ʱ֡
ִǰĹ㳡ϣؾ;ۼڻʳǵˡѩѾ֪ͨȥٿȫᡣ
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Ҷؼǵã֮ǰһμϣҼ۽׼ؽ棬ʱ˶Ϊˣû뵽ʱ䣬Ʊã峤۽ѾҼȴҼѡǳΪϻ񳯵үļ˭ϵ׼أ
ļˣ蹦ȣһƵҪһԶˣܿһҲûзĻˡָԭǣЦԼҲţǿǲأ
۽ܡ蹦ȼվڹ㳡ϣ۽ܵɫǳÿ£һ˫۾֪Щʲô
۷ԼּҼܣִõһڳǶվȺǰȴѩʵĵ
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˶֮ѩʾͳˣҶ
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𾴵ѩʴˣԭ۷³çҵҲһЩҪѩʴˡ۷繧صΨֱ˷ͷǰ˵
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Ϊõʶͻ飬Ҽʮҫ顣۷綷һ飬Ȼҵ̳֮һѾѡһμõʱˡһμ빫ף˫ϲŰ۷洺ص
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ǶһμѾ˾𣿡ѩʵ˵ԭΪҪҡ۽ҵûôףû뵽Ҫ˵һѾת̫졣
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Ȼ۷綼ˣʡһЩ鷳
۽ɺǸˬ֮λرˣ̫ˡ
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ѩʳΪһҼվмλ䣬۷ΪһִôϣӭȢˡȿ飿
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594 
۽϶ͷˣ֮Ҫǰȥ컪񳯣Ҫܿͷñѹ
۷ѣ۽Ϻߵδһܻܿᶫɽ
ȴѩʵͷȻˣʹȥ컪񳯰ɡ蹦ǼҲŹȥɡ
ѩʽһѲȫ컪񳯡
۷룬ѩʿһЩǣ̫˻۽ȥ컪񳯣Ҳз֮ա
۽ȥ컪Ҳ޷սȭͷȻĸĳһҪģڱ۽ȥɣʱԽϣԸ۽ܵİԽ
Ҷ̬֮Ѿ˺ܶı䣬ǰһλ϶ǼɴҪ𣬵ڣѾôżˣèĿУҪ۽ڽ־Уӭյı
ܿأҾʢ䣬Ϊһεļ۽Ǵɡͼ»عϻ񳯻ʳǣǰ컪ˡ
ֹ˼죬Һͻ弧Ҿٰʢ˻ӭȢ棬ǻʳǽЩʢ䡣
ڻ弧ҵ֧£ҵֹܿһӵһʥǵĹϽȨԼƬء
ʱƣɽҶ˺ǵԽԽ࣬ʥǱѾЩӵˣҶһҶ˺ǵӰǨϽʥǡ
Ҷϻ񳯵ӰѾ൱ˣŻǻ弧ңҶҿͿģ˵Щͨˡ
ҶǨҶ˺ǵѾﵽ֮࣬ЩȻ鲼ϻ񳯣ܱҲвҶ˷ֲҶԴԴϵؽ½ɽ
ʡٻʶ˲ϵؽСԪ磬ٵͥ˹ǰϻǵͨ¹ȥͨѾ˶֮һҡ
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µҶΪ˴ȵھٲȻһƬ磬ΪҲѾ񺣰ͻƵʮؾ磬ϾͿԳˡ
Ҷʶڵľ磬ڵľѾ÷ǳӴˣÿһϣһߣһ㣬ҶоЩ˼顣
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һҶסϵγɵһϵ壬Ƴ⡣
ҶĲٿؼΪ˳ӣ֪ʲôãҶĿ⻷ܣ˲ԶһߴҵľʯϣһϵƮƮȻʯϡ
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ҶҪоһµʱͻȻо˭һԿӡ
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ȻһӵһЩҶǰ֮ͣؿ۲Զʯͷˡ
ҶһǵϵɿػصУûڣʯͷʧȥ֧ţ֧ˤڵϣ˼顣ҶѾȷӦþѩʿǸԼһǻں϶Ϊ0ˡ
ʯͷɢƲûԳ֮ɫһЦ֪ҶԼĴ䱸
Һһǻں϶ҲΪ0еЩ졣һһӨĽ׻䣬ȻţŨľϵΧһŮһ㣬ϳҸһҲԴƵڡӦϵҵľϵ
ҶȻƣڿɲֻϵӵȫϵ
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Ϊʲôǵǻں϶Ϊ0
ҶȻЩ棬ҲףһеԵɻԼȥ׷
Ԫʱʱһǻں϶Ϊ0ǸԪǰ׷ߣȴĪʧˡʱʱǻں϶Ϊ0ˣһ޳ǿ񣬾һһֲ˲ĶһǻµħͷεգȻ˵
Ҷ΢û뵽ǻں϶Ϊ0ˣֻһԪʱʱֹˡ
ֵĽеǻں϶Ϊ0ˡǻں϶Ϊ0ˣһЩ˼ѵ㲻ԼƿҶЩɻҶıδҲ̫侲һ㣬Щ͸ΪʲôҶֵܱ˳ȡ
ֻܲˣǻں϶Ϊ0ˣܹΪ֮⣬ûʲô𡣡ҶƽصԽ֤ڲͬԽױע⣬Ҷҵķչܻܿܵ⣬Լܱ¶ǰ
ƵĻҶһЩǣǻں϶Ϊ0ˣһ˲˲ĶһǸɴ໯ħǻں϶Ϊ0Ҳδؼʲô¡
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ħԪвԪųĳЩԪսʽ磬пħ
һܣҲѾˣǻں϶Ϊ0˿Χ˵ǻں϶ȣҲܸıΧ˵ǻں϶ȣȽϵ΢㣬Ҽڸıǻں϶һǿˡЦЦؿҶ


595 ǻ
Ҷһɼüͷϣܱ˷֣û뵽ȴ֪ͬˡ
һЦƤգ۾ģʱҪܣһȥ»ĺ
ҶӵشƣûҪԼ˵ѣŷ
һ㣬ǻں϶Ϊ0Ȼٶȱͨǻں϶ȸߵҪһЩδһ£ΪǿԲϵԸ׵ͻƽױϣմﵽ˶ĲΡмְȻص
ΪʲôôࣿҶƵ
Ϊ˽ԼõرԼȻ׷Ѱǻں϶Ϊ0йصܡƶһ£΢΢һЦңҲٸһܣӵзǳǿԤԤѣԤħĽȵȣңԪǿѾܶˡһǿҵԤУϻϣҵһЩ𰸡
ϻǣҶ΢΢üǸԪǲԶҲͬǻģһʲô
ʱϣϻϼ㣬֪ʲôܣҲңһܱ̽һͷϹײĺáǴЦ⣬Ҷһۣתػ˻ֵͲˡ
ҶݵıӰоԺ˲ķɵ֮⣬ۿռ˾ĸ̣Ƿ𵭵Ĺâ֪ܣӦԶԶֹЩ
һЩ⡣ҶȻڵ
ʲô⣿ͣסȥĽŲתЦص
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ǻ˵ǻķںϵɣκεҪǿĴڣԪܹҲֻǻе˾ĸûκιȴʱաᰴ̫ѨüͷƺЩʹӣҲоԼ˾ĸ֮ǿĳԺһǿҵĴʹ
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Щ֣ΪʲôҺ˾ĸ̻ķӦ˾ĸ̺ңһͬʱھͻụţǻֶԶѡԼˣҲ˵˾ĸϵѡ㣬һѡҡҶ˾ĸ֮ƱеĴʹһʧˣһ´ʾ䣬͵
ҶԻ૵ַ·ôһ˿ƶǶ
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ƵĻҶƺЩˣÿһ˶ŸԵˣ󲿷˵˾޾ǿһǵôȻͬ٣޷ЩټһСˣעıܶ˵ˣıʷ򣬶һˣÿһ϶һ
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ڽص¥֮ǰԪǰ˵ص¥͸Լص¥㣬˾ĸ̣Ԫǰ˵һϸϸҶг𾪡
ԪǰΪǻҪѡΪߣ԰ѵص¥ţģԪǰԼǻں϶Ϊ0飬ԪǰӦ˹
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ȻǻΪʲôҪЩҶ̧ͷƵŮµĵطΪĿǰӽǻˣ
ѹԪ½ݵλôˡ
ܼ򵥣֪õ˾ĸ̣Ҽˡ̹ʵ˵˾ĸǻ֮һǻǳ㣬Ҫõ㣬ˣҪʧ裿
Ȼʲô֪ȥϻǣʲô̽ģҶɻص
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ǻһ壬ͬӵǻۣԪǻǧ꣬˼ɣ᲻ĺ壿
Ҷǻ괴ôǻں϶ȳʮϵţǻԣûκλ
ǻһߣһĬĬԹۣЩԾһЩ޷ңûκʵģ޷ǿ֮ͬȳһʳħԿ


596 
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ǻҲ֪ϻôһΪǻ֮˴˵Ĺϵ
ҶѯʣԼ֮ǻõʥԼɫսʲôۿռ˾ĸͻȻâţҶҪѯʵĻ˻ȥ
㻹ʲôʣʱҡƺоʲôͷһЦ˵ţӰƮȻţʧ˴ֵľͷ
ƵŮƮȻ뿪Ҷ˿ۿռе˾ĸ̣˾ĸ̺ǻ꣬Щη֮ģǰ·δ֪ҶظоԼΪ̫ˣЩǿߣԿʸûС
Ԫ½˵ǰȫģֻҪСԪ硢Ԫȵط
ʵϣûĸطȫģԪųÿ춼ħĽ˵һʧˣôȴԪ½ģǻ
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Ϲ󣿻Щǻں϶Ⱥܸߵĳţ
ҶԼûл֮λˣпܵĻҶһһһܹ֮λˣҪ֮λǷǳѵģǻں϶Ҫﵽ75ϣ̵Ҫ
ҶҲ֪Լܲܰ˵ǻں϶̶ֳȡ
ڵľҶ̣֪ǽᷢչʲôҶѾܵˣ̺֮ĳ
һ磬Ҷ񾳷ڶϣѾԷֳ߷ˣҶֳַһǰʥǣ߷ǳȥ
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ׯţ󷽣ദǢ
ҶصԼҵıԺڴ
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Լõ˾ĸǻΪ֮ԼöǷҲм⣿֮ǰҶҪѯöӵ飬˾ĸһЩӦҶûѯʡ
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ҶЩ棬ǻһЩİš
Ҷ۲öӵʱѩʺ˽
ҶʲôɻؿҶʵҶöͨۺ죬Ө͸һöµˮƷȴɢ˴ߵĹ㣬Ӧĳʥûʥ
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ѩʳҶŵöӿһۣü˼ɵصʥϸ롭ҶһŹǳʲôطõ𣿡
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Ȼѩƽ޲¶Ȼ֮ɫ૵ΪѾսȫٵˣû뵽ʣһƬ
⵽ʲôҶЩеʵľ˺棬ѩ𾪵ɫһ֪һЩ
ǿϢԲܸκˣܴ鷳ѩɫ֣صصҿҶֻѯûиˣǳأһۣȳȥһ¡
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ҶлҪӵöࡣѩȻؿҶһۣȻ¶ֻ֮ɫصǿҲֻһЩսתģǻʱ飬ܶսʶֻСӡ
ҶţѩأľӸȤˡ
ʵϣڹǿ֮УԼǹͬ岢ǶôǿĴڣǻꡢħȵȣкܶǿ壬һ塢Ӱһ塢һ塢һȵȡѩһ´ʾ䣬Żʼ
ҶЩȣԶиӣо֮塣
ǿոΪ𣬵һǿģ浮֮ʹڵ壬ǻꡢյȾŸȺӵڶǺܻеģħӰǧȺǿвϽһĸӵ˳ԽһħǿвǻøǿȺĴڣǶǵһ崴ģǵҲǵһģӵгԽһǿ֮Ⱥ֮ѩЩ̾ص
û뵽еĵλȻôͣҶҲһ̾ĸһҪǿĿĬƬ̣ʵЩöʲôϵ
ʱһöӣöȥ֮󣬱õһľ˵ľ浮֮ڵĶľ֮Ҳмǧѣʥ֮ѩʵ˫һ˿⣬ֽȥЩصصԴӻľԪǾûа
û뵽Լõһؿľ˹϶ĶҶЩж󣿿ûܹ˵壬ľҲֻмǧ꣡
ѩʽĻҶܿƽüͷѩʵ˼ƥû㹻ȴֻѣ
Ȼѩ˵ԪһľϢ֪Ϊξ˳ȥ˵һЩǿ߿ʼؽԪǣҪľΪ˱ľսЩǿ߶Կһҵս뵱꣬ʱʱԪǵսǿǧ࣬ǿ߸ǶˣһսԪѾǰˡ
ҶͷȻһľȻ¹شѹǻԸ֪ǻΪʲôѡԼأҶЩɻ²͸ǻ⣬ֻǻԼ֪ˡ
뵽ҶɽľϽĹӣҶʵӿֱӳ𣿡
ӲֱӳԣԹҲҧֹȷʵ˼ʥƷҪǻ˻ÿֻ˻һöһ˻ͻΪǿ壬ǿļ֮һҪ˻ʥҲҪԵ
֪嵽ôһʣ϶ǳǿͶˡ
岻ǵȼ壬壬൱ڵһȼ壡


597 ɲ
˵ô࣬ӦѾףһ˷ʥһ᲻ϧһд۵õûж֪Ҳֻżôһ˿Ե֪ʲôһֶѩɫһЩǡ
һ˿Ե᲻ǻⰲŵģͨѩʣʥãǻãѩһֵεˡ
ҶƬ̣ѩʴΪЩʥӦô죿
ʥ֦ɾпܳɴʱľ֮ûнʥͱݻˣô꣬ȻѾ㻹ǸϽѹʵɼȲôãͿԼ˼ˡ
ľûнöʥǴģҶһüͷָָԼöӣֵص
öʥһν𣿡ѩЩȵʵ
ڵص¥һطҵġҶͷѵҶɽʥ֮⣬һľ
ҾͲ֪ˡѩҡҡͷ
ҶЩɻöʥԺηܲ٣öʥǣһЩ
Ȳˣѩʵ˼Ȱľϵʥȫ˵δãʱٰš

ʥҶ֮Уһ
ҶĵڶҶƽĻ㱨
ĿǰҶҺǵǻں϶ȳ70ģܹ3ǻں϶6070֮ģܹ21ˣ50ϵģ132ˡҶƽ㱨ɹ˵ǻں϶Ƚһͳơ
ȻһɷǳӴˣǶûɳҪ֪Ԫ½ĿǰսǿҲһʮ˶ѣ
ǻں϶4050֮ģǧˣ3040֮ģˡҶƽЩ˵Ѿǻں϶ȵҪԣԪ½˵ֲֿˣ
ҶԪ½ٲȻһȻȻȻڻûиˮ档
ҶĵڶͻȻӦҶƽҶƽȥһҶɽȣ
˵꣬ҶŴӰ뿪Ԫ½ǰ½
Сʱ֮
ҶѾվҶɽľ֮£̧ͷϽʥ
ľҶƬƬӨ̵ɫĿһ˵ĹҶɽƮ
ʥ²ö֮࣬ÿһöʥϣ̺һ˿صïĴӵɫӳյʣͬǹ㡣
Ҷ㣬һöһöʥ֦ͷ£Ҷ߷ಣٵѤĹâ˲ûǬ֮С
Ҷһ£ܹٶʮöʥ
֪ҶҺǵжܹ˻ʥô˵е壿ѩ˵ÿ˶˻ʥģҪԵ
Ҷ²⣬ʥӦǻõģ
ǻӦҪֲҶңҶҳΪԪǵػߡʱǧսʣһٶȴѾûòˣǻΪԱ϶Ҫֲ
ǻžǿܹǻں϶ȵ
ҶȻˬԼ˱˰ţ룬ԪħĽҶȻԪǵˣΪˣǻᾡԿġ
ǻں϶Ϊ0ԲõıǻƿˣڣǻӦǺϵ
Ҷɼϵʥֻ֮ǰ޴ľѸٵؿή̵ҶѸٵؿݻơ㣬֦ήȻڵأһ̣Ҷۿľڶ̶̼֮ھͳһڼ֮Ѹٵؿή
Ҷòп컯֮档
ڵصľϵήСձһֺڵľͷ͸ʱ󣬱ŵĽڵĺۼ񱻻չһ㣬ֻҶôӦҲ޷ľϸоһ˿ľϵˣͺһȫ޵Ŀľ
ѩ˵ľһľͷ겻ϵеǳ֮תľϵ㹻֮󣬲Żһιӡľԭ֮󣬱Ҫ֮󣬲ŻٶȽ
ľôͻȻͿήˣҶսҶҶɽȵʱ͸ˣվһҲĿľήḶ́ɻʵľĿήҶɽŨѸٵ
ף֪ͨˣй¶κθľйصϢö幫ǣֻͻǧҪСģҪ֪ˣҶСĵضûиҶս죬ľʥ֣飬ǻ֪һЩΪá
Ҷ֣صӣҶսȻ֪·ͬСɡ
õġҶսͷȻҶô˵ˣˡ
һᾡѸס幫λӽԪ½ġ
ǲǵӰɣҶսЦ
ҶǱɽԪ½֮󣬱㲻ø涫½޵ķչܰס½ɱޣǵͥĹ涨ҶҲ޷ΥֻܸϽ취ǡǵӺͼǳʵ̫ˣҶȻĻʵû취ǾֻȾҶսˡ
еʱ˻һ˽ĵģܲۿԼȥ
εѡˣ򲻵ѵʱҶǲôġ
ҶҶս죬ʥʥǣԼһöԽ˻ҲָҶƽһŵùÿһţСĶǾԲй
Ҷ˺ǵӵģҶǺĵģԼӰ
ҶƽڵôҶҶƽʵ
ĿǰһӰ𣬳ȥЩÿ춼ӰϣÿҲӰͨҸЩս磬͵ӣȻûиտʼ׬ô࣬ÿҲܻʮϡÿܹջ񽫽ʮӰ𣡡Ҷƽһ˵
ÿܹʮӰǾζÿܹٸ˹һ¾ǧ
ǵӴ˿˵ԶԶ
Ҷƽʵˣø˳ȥɣҶһµоڤڤ֮ǻעԼȻǻ겻ӦûᰵбҶң
ΪҶҵİΣܹܿϵԪǵδ
׬ǮٶȻҪһ㣬ɸ˹һ˲Բ̫ѹÿһ˶Դļֵ

ϻ񳯣ʳΧһľıԺ֮С
콫ʡٻʺƹסʺٻʵסʮֿԼӵһıԺ
ƵıԺľïԵøľȻԺҲƵӰ
һµļɽ棬ïʢĲľ֮䣬һţҶị̄ϺõɣɫСɢŽ׵Ĺâҡҷһɲһ㡣
ΧŵƮһ㡣
֣ȻΧһӰ˳һŮ˫ơ
κ˿һĻ¶ޱ𾪣ԭƵı壬һɲݡ


598 ĸף
һֻࡢǻֲۣ޷ǻ۵ģȴһ⡣
΢΢ͷ˫ĽëţƺڸĳصĶܵؽ
ƣ᲻ңһŮƵԺ赭ִһЩǣһ˵ζ
ʲôûпڣֻԺô룬֪Ǳһܹ
˾ĸ̸Ǹˡ
Ʋĸףĸ״͸Ƶ¶͵Цݣܹһ࣬ƱѾеˡ
㲻ҾͺáǸᶯĵ̾ϢһѾо˺ܶħϢƣԼСһ㡣ǸԶʧˡ
Ƭ֮۾ţϾϣһʥׯϵϢ
˴ԶһԺ
ʺٻʾһٻʵһöǳˮǳˮ΢΢ɢŹâǳˮȴûгκӰ
ʦͨϻǵͨԭѾһ룬ͻȻ⵽Ϯһ֣ҿλսʣЩ˳ȥǹڿҪӳһҲɣٻʶǳˮص
⵽ϮǳˮǸƽ޲ޱϲΣԲһҪɣһһЩ˹ȥЭǡ
ʺٻЩɻ󣬲֪ʦΪʲôһҪɣӳһҲû°ԪǺϻ֮䣬ǧûʲôϵҲһ°ɣ
ǲʵľġ
ĿУǵʦȻһƽûʲôӵˣΪ֮ͥʮλ֮µĵһˣһϵƣǲҶκβ
ǣʦ𡣡ʺٻӦ
ô˵ƵʱȻƽƺ˼֡
ƺܺãֻæѼһ档һ˵
֮ǰһСеȤӣСֻ񺣾Ϊеֵǣһǻں϶Ϊ0ٻ˵
ǻں϶Ϊ0ǸӶ½Се˼ûãһôãûõƵȻһ񺣾СռȻʵһЦ˵ҳһȴûֵ˼
ʺٻշ̣ʰһٻʣʦδҲ̫ʵˣô˵Ҳ˵ʦ
ֻǶǸеȤѣŮ֮ĺøС
ŵʻٻʣֻҪܹȢƣܳΪһεĵ֮ͥʺٻʿʶϲ˼£Ůһ㡣ǺγõƵƶȴһǷ˼ûУʲô취
ƶκ˿ÿһۣǵҲûʲôƵԸҶĳ֣ǱܵزЩΣС
ʺٻ֮һǣΪ˵֮ͥλãһҪκвɱҡֻƺûʲôᡣ
һʱʺٻʵĶ֮£ͥ˼ӽͨϻǵĴͨȡҪɣڸϣ춼˼֧֣ṩн贫ͨԭϡ
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ҶһЩ֣ոҷҵǻں϶ȾȻһ㡣ѩʸողǻں϶ȣȵط״𾪵ص
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һ£ǳޱȵԴ񵤣ǻں϶ǾԲκġȻѩȷʵˣȻֻһ㡣
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ѩּĸֶԣһҲǼֵ
ƹ˵ǻں϶Ϊ0ˣܹΧ˵ǻں϶ȣҶ򵥵ص飬˵̫ࡣ
ǻں϶Ϊ0ˣȻͨ˲һѵǵ壬͸ǻ걾һǵǻ걾Ƚƣͬ⣬ǻں϶Ϊ0ѩʳ˼Ƭ˵
Ҷһѩ仰ȫṩһֲͬ˼·
ԺоɡѩʴˣöʥǸģҶöӵص¥ʥݸѩʵһѾٶöʥͳȥһöҶҲоۡ
ǻͨѩ֮ڸԼʥҶȷѩδҲܿһؼͳöʥ
͸ңѩЩݵؿҶҶȷʥ
Ȼ֪ʥҶЦﻹУһöѩʴ˻°ɡ
ѩʳƬ̣󷽵صͷҾˡҶǷһ飬δʲôҪҳֻ֣ҪΥ壬Ҷǡ
ѩʴˡҶ΢΢һЦ
׺СԪ
Ҷĵһϻ񳯻ʳǣڶʥǣҶҺǵĸ񣬵Ǳ˲׺СԪ纣Ϻĵط˸طǰӵڶõһöʥĵ˻š
׺СԪطֻʮӰֻܴͳȥһ֧ǧӰöû£طǷǳʺġֳǵϺǳʺϵ
ûʲô飬Ҷ׼õһֱڲ׺СԪ
ʱƣͨϻǵĴͨϾҪˣϻ񳯵ĻʳǱñ˺ܶ࣬ԽԽ񳯵ĸֶϾҵһӵǻϢ൱𺳵ġ
һʱ䣬Ԫ½Ŀ⣬۽Ǽ깤Ĵͨϡ
ϻ񳯻ʳǵԽԽ࣬ҵҲԽԽʢ˵Ԫ½̻׼ϻ񳯻ʳǾٰ켸ᣬʱеƷƷħս׵ȱ֣иҩȵȡ
Ѿвٸ֣кܶսʼǿߣ׼ϻǣǰϻ֮ǰҲеҪʵ̻Ҳǿһг
ϻ񳯻ʳǵĸԽԽ࣬Ҳޱ˷ܣΪڸֲʥһӱøΪʥȻˡʥͷΣʥȫͬĸ
ʥѩһսʽ緢ֵģֵԪ½ʥҲѩȡġʥ֮ʱġ
߶ԣʥϷǳҩˣһͨʥʮӰƼĿϰǧ򲻵ȣѪ漶Ӱ
һʱ䣬ʥļ۸ϣȻ׬硣
ҶһЩֱǰϻǵĴͨһɣܻܿһӦΪ˾ĸеӣ׼ʹ˾ĸԤδ
׼ȥйһ䣬ܲһЩջ


599 ʥ
ϢϷθ죬ǵķװһս塢̻ȵȣһЩԵͥġ
ҶڽţԪ½սʼĸȻ࣬ȴǷǳģֱöţëݡ
ҶԸоԼϾҪͻƵˣһöƷƷıԴӦÿԼ̣ҲΪʲôҪȥеԭ
ʽ棬Ҷǲ÷ġ
ڴţǰһȺӭһ˵ĳмϤ
Դ𾳽ϣҶ˹Ŀı£ܿȻ۹ҶҵҶ׿м΢Ϥף۹Ҷҵģ
뵱ڳڣҶݺݵؽѵҶ׿
֮ǰҶ̽ڵĺɽ֋YͳҶҵ˶Ѿ뿪ˣڵĻ½ûκɱ¾ĺۼYͳڵ˾ƾʧһ㣬ҲҲˡ
񺣾磬Ҷ񺣲̽½ȴûз֋Yټ
в²YĳصĵطҲпԪ½
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Ҷ΢΢ͷȻоҶ׿ԼĳޣҶֱӰˣԪ½֮Ҷ׿ģȻﵽûٳЩ鵤ҩҶǲҶ׿ġ
YôҶԱǼˣЩеʵ
YСܺãǻں϶ȳ70ĿǰʥսYС㱾ҪȥҶ£˵ѾԪ½աһڵӹش
֪û¾ͺãȻ֪ʥսһȥġҶЦŵ˵ͷYǻں϶ôҶ֮УϾYǴСһ𳤴ģǹϵΪܡ
һԵҶ׿ҶĻһ֮ɫ䲻زȥʥսҋYС㣬ʥսܽģYСǻں϶ȳ70ľţѾʥսصĶʥս׷YСſҲǱȱȽǡ
ҶɨһҶ׿оһСӽѵûǲ
ҶɨһۣҶ׿ʱоԼǱĳ޶һ㣬͵һ亹ֱŵŵŵغ˼ֵؿҶ֪Ԫ½ɱˣ¾Ҫ·ˡ
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͵ģʲôöҲͨĹӰˡҶ׿˸ۣЩмغߵҶԪ½Ŷã͵óʲôö͹ˡ
ȵȣҺļԱһڵӺȻһüͷƴ룬ڵΪжȥʶҲ࣬ˣ֮ǰڿջ￴һöֹۣӣӺǽʥԣʥһ˿ϲָеĹӴ
ʥôܣһöͨʥҪʮӰ𣡡Ҷ׿һͻȻҶôǮƽʱȻ˲鵤ҩǺ֣ͨûԹʥּġ
ʥûǸ˷ƶصǼ⼸öʥƼģ
Ƽʥôܣ⼸ڵҲŵصɴ۾
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ҶۿռĲ࣬ʥȴһһѵģ͵ġ
гʥƽȱʵҿӪģΪߵļǮνļӪҶʥൽԲ꣬ͳȥƼĶҶ˵ȫνЩڵͨ˵ȴľıˡ
ƼʥҿԿ϶ȥˣǸ˷͵ص޲ȥõ֤ʵ
һ˴һöʥһ˷ܲѣΨʥϣԪ½֮ȻڻЋYСչţÿҲӰѣڵ﹤ҲǺܸߣһöֵǧӰʥ˵ζʲô
ʳǽĳջǳ䣬סһֻҪӰͿˣʳ˵Ŀջˡ
YĸҶپʹļס
ҪǋYʱʱظһЩǮҶ˵Ŀջס
Ҷŵӳöʥϸز鿴һ¶𾪵ɫǴõöӵģȷʵƼʥû
Ҷ͸ǵģڽҶ£ѯ˹ڋYС飬ǸYСʥս־͸ӣû뵽Ƽʥһ˷ܵͨ죬Ҷ˵Ҷ
־͸öƼʥҶԪ½ŶãѾôǮԪ½֮󣬾÷һֱǳȣǋYʥսÿ춼쵽ǳӰӸǺܶ࣬άֲȥˡΪ˲ۋYҶһֱ취ܲʲôġ
ȻЩ˵ﶼƽҶٿöʥ̾ϢһҶ͋YҲּɵġ


600 YϢ
֪öƼʥҶ׿ɫ԰ף죬ȴʲô˵ѹ֮ǰҶԼԼҶѲһˣҶѹû
Ԫ½һ˵ĵλ
һΪǲƸӵһͿԸһȡ
ЩӸԪ½֮һֱֻĵײ㣬ͬԶ½ҶȴѾ֮ˡ
ܹǧǨӵԪ½
λҲһλսǿߣ׻ʣʥսһսʡԭڵĵȫûлԪ½ģ׻ʱˣҲֻɼٸ˽Ԫ½ѡ
λ׻ǳڵĴʼˣһֱƬ½ط֣Yǻں϶ȴﵽ˾˵ʮ࣬ӵзǳ׿츳
ǻں϶ôߵţԲûڶ½ֵط
׻ʱYɵԪ½ǋY׻˺ܶҶ˻гڵӵȵȡ
׻ֻͬɳڱڵˣYҪˣͱʥսԼȡ
Ϊɳڵӣ׻ķӰôϻǮҶˣ
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Y֮£ֻܸ׻Ԫ½ʥս׼Լ취ȥҶҶˣ׻ʸҶҲԪ½һûŰ˺ܶ࣬ʥսר
Ҷٵ׻£һǷ֮һЩ׼ϻ񳯻ʳǵ
ǵǻں϶ߵҲ6㣬ҵѾܲˡ
ŋYӣǲԪ½ȥȻ˭ǣ
ҶһһУûҵʲôܹĶ
֪ʱܼYҶֳ֮ɫYǻں϶ȳ70ʥսӦҲ˹עţȫصˡ
ͻȻ֮䣬ҶоһϤϢַԹϤУҶ΢΢ᣬæͷȥȴԶȺ֮УһϤӰ֮С
ģӨƤһϮǳɫ˿ʳȹĹ֮£չ¶ţȺ֮Уȴһ۱㿴Ƕһ޶ľΧ˷׷פ㣬ΧŮӶȻʧɫ
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ҶôҲ벻һ̨
̨ҲʱҶĿ⾲ؿ˹һ˵ͣһӣ
Ľͷڶңң
˿̣ٶĻҲ޷Ҷ飬ʱʤ
̨籿Ҷ΢΢һЦЦ˲Ȼʧɫ
̨߻վˣŮеĿݷǷŮˣһ֪ŮȻŲ̛֮ȴҪѷɫܶˡ
еĿⲻʱ̨籵ϣǵĿⲻر̨籵ľ̨籵ľգǳ׿츳Ϊ֮
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ǺսܶſҪ׷̨籣һиҵģǻں϶ʮ࣬Ѿǵؾ磬̨£̨籵ģ̨ȴǳ䵭
Ǻս˿̨米κ˻¶ȤһֱǱ߹ӣΨһΣǺսҪɼϻ񳯣̨籾ҪǰǺսǼλж̨籵ҪȻǿ϶Ҫġ̨籱Ǻսһϻ񳯡
⼸У̨籵׷֮һУǺսһλսǿߵĶӣԺգһϣʮǰսʾ֮һ
һ·ϣҳְ취Ҫ̨籵Ļģȴʧˣ̨ʼģߵһ׵λöܸо̹ǵĺ⡣
һֱΪ̨籱Ȼʱ̨ȴȻ¶ЦݣҼֱЦݻλֱۣʵ̫ˣ̨籵ЦȴǶģ˳̨籵Ŀ⳯ǰȥҶ
΢΢üȻһǿҵĸоĮ̄ϲˣӦòɣòǲҶģΪûĻҶһߣԼѾǵˣۼǸսͥļң˿ԸᲢۡ
֣֪˭ԱһʵҲǺս֮һеȡ
ô֪΢΢ü
Ҷֱ̨˹ȥע⵽̨ߵļˣҪ˵Щ֪ĻȴЩʺϡ
Ҷ̨籵ĳϣȴ֪˵ʲôˣ̨һƬ
š̨רעҶ˵ͷ
̨类ôĶֱôãٴҶһԵļ
λ̨ǡҿҶ̨ĿԵӣоڣ˵
ҽҶҶĿڴ̨ƿ˸ϡ
ҽиңǺսҵû¶ϰ̨֪籲ϲˡ
ҽеȡ
ҽеѩԱһŮҽܣĿҶϣеҶ̨֮һЩ˵㺡Щ棬ʲôˣ̨ܹʳ˼̻Ů񣿿Ҳʲôͷ۵ĴһֻǸߣҲûʲôԺյļ̨֪籵׿ʲô
Ҳҽһ¡
Ƕ̨ʦʦɣȻϻ񳯣ҾǶˡҶһЦͣȥӢ¥̨籱ϾҪǺսܾãҶȻǺսˡ
ҶĻȴøôôǫ̶̂еҲ̫˰ɣҿһ̨籣̨¶΢ЦûбʾκηԵ˼Ǹһǵȣﶼܲˬ
Ƕ̨籵׷ߣǱԷȵǣǵܹܣϾ˴֪֪ףǺսһٮٮߣǱҶôһĪð˸ȥǾͲôˡ
Ҷʲôĵط
Ӣ¥ˣ׼ȥУһкӧˮϵķǳã׼͸̨ʦáһ˵˵ʱɫмְͼǵҪͨչһЩҶ֪Ѷˡ
Ҷһ̨籣̨籲ûбʾʲôǼӧȷʵЩ
ô˼λƷأҶЦصʵ̫ˡ
ҶĻҺ͵ȶըˣֲ̨籵ʲôˣ˵ֱ̨籵һǿ벻̣Һ͵ɫࡣ
Ҷȴȫûһ㣬һԵ̨籾ؿţûκηԵ˼ƺмȤӣϴѵõЦ⡣


601 
ҶȻóҺ͵ȶ̨뷨̫Ư˾û취һԣǸҡȣȨҲڰ֪Һ͵ʲô϶ܰĻһ䣬̨籶ĺ˵ûʸ
ȥῴǼӧʲôҶ̨ЦȻ̨ҪǾһҪ
ҡȶ֮ԱǣһͨҲʮӰ𣬹ҪϰӰһ
ˣѾɴ籺ͺˣԲҪ̨籺ҶҪˣһʮϰӰ𣬿ɼǧˣ
̨籲᲻ûôһǮ
̨ô˵ҶȷǼӧ̨籶ԾǷȻھûǺܿԣۿռҲͶʮӰ𣬵ǼӧҲҪ̨֪籿δӵ裬û͹̨ʲôء
ҹҲ
룬ȴǮ˵ʲôʱ򻹣ǾԺ˵ɣ˲Ҳ˵ʲôԽԽǮˣڻ弧ҵİ£ҵʱ׬ǧϣҲûʲô
ң캣ͥԺ˯˯ʱȻ캣һط
ͻȻ֮䣬ܵʨүһ˿ѶϢ캣ֻվԼٶȱá
ҶϴҪǮ캣ֶںĿ˵
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Ҷϴ˵Ҫڡ캣ֵôǮ𣿡
ڣС˼Ц
ҶĸڼҺЩսʶչҵ⣬ҵڱ˵ڣһǧڣҲõóûҶأڻˣܷŹʯǮׯ֧ȡڸҶ͹ȥ̻档
캣ֵһǬҴҳˣӰʵ̫ˣ캣ֱ֧ȡħ൱Ӱ
Ҷ˰ɡ̨籼Ҷ˵ҪҡҡͷȻǼӧȷʵаôǮһϻˡ
һѣ͸̨ʦðɡһƵص
ҿ̨ķżźӧį̄ԺӧӦǷǳϲġѩ˵
ѩĻҺ͵һ̨һֱŪһӧ
ӧսħ֮սʽɼħ֮ʦǾĴɵģħ֮Ȼħ֮ȴʥ֮ˮϵ߶ԣǷǳƷı
ӧΨһ֮Ԫ½ǧǳǿԼ۸Ȼ߾Ӳ£ͨġ
һӧ͸̨籣˵ܵǫ̃籵ķġ
߰ɣ㲻ȥпûɡҶЦЦԶһۣ캣ѾڲԶˡ
ʯ˶ǮҶʯһ˿ѶϢ
Ҷϴڣȥá캣ʵ
ˡҶԭţӰӦѾ㹻ˣû뵽캣ֱڡ
Сӵ󷽵ġ
һ߽˻ʳУǻ弧Ҹ̻ϻ￪ģϻ񳯻ʳУƷ࣬һʱ䣬ڸֺܶ඼˻ʳǣеƽʱԼҲϧó˼⡣
Ҷ̨籡ҵһ˽棬ͷܶʱ˾ơ
ܹʳеģٶһĶҲΪƷԼʮӰϵļ۸ɽ
ϻ񳯻ʳǵķѷɫǺսļˣǺսǣȴ޷ȡΪ԰ص
Ҫ˵˵֮ͥ⣬Ǻս϶ǮģÿǴӸ񳯻õĽͿԴﵽʮӰˡҲһؽӿڵô˵޷ǾҶǰԼĲҶ֪Ѷˡ
ΪǺսˣЩûмսģȻһڶԺͽ
ǺսжˣҶʵÿʮӰȷʵǸܾ˵֡
Ǻսʮ򣬶Ԫ½ľӢҵǺսӵжʮλսʣҲǸսģ
ʮսʰҶ°ͣ˵һ䣬ܶ𣿵ûðԼʱӴսʾʮˣҲ׻û˵״ЩصÿʮӰ𣬷䵽ʮͷϣƺҲǺܶ
Һ͵ȶʱʮ˷ʮӰƽÿͷϣҲһӰ𣬲𣿲𣿣
ҶǱ֪һӰͨ˶ԣѾǶףһߣԪһһܹ׬ǧӰҲˡͨߣֻҪܹǺսһʲôֵܷǧĳЩţ̨֣һ껨̨ϵѣͶＸǧӰ
⻹ÿϹѣǺս棬ȵȣͳͳУ
ͥʮսĲţռԪ½30ϵĲƸ
ҶԼĽǶȳÿ춼뽫ʮӰ𣬼׬ǮҲ͵һͿ־óǧӰȻǺսĸô
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֣ÿǴսȡĽǮͶӰ𣬹ҩճ֧֮ÿʣʮڻǿԵġȵһ˿⣬Ӱ𣬶ҶԣӦһ˰ɡ
Ҷһ߶ѣһ߳жǮ
ҡȵΪǺսصţЩ԰ġ
Ӱ𣬻԰ɣҶ룬Ҷҵչϻ񳯣լԺ˲ţÿҲȶڶʮӰѣһǧӰ
۲սȻûȣϾ֮ϵȻҡȵ˱ȱȴûʲôġ
̨һû˵ҶҲ࣬һǵѩܹҶһ𣬼㲻˵Ҳܸоһ̤ʵҸСԴ˺֮ľ֪ѾһЩ仯
˼ʮƷ֮Ҫʼӧˡ
һȵŮһµ̨̿ϣطһ׵Ļ䣬ǻһʥÿһƬ궼ǾӨ貣ͬ֬һ㣬ɢŵ͵ĻԹ⡣
̨ϣŮʦɿζ᳡ƷһƷӧҶ֪ѾǼߵĺӧˡħ֮ժħ֮ȴʥ֮ͨûκһ˿ħԣʦöصַ֮˵ӧӧˮϵߣһ־˵ЧԴȴٽΪûκθã


602 Ϊһ
Ůʦ˵ƷǸǵͷһԭΪĽֻһƷӧʮӦÿԸ㶨ˣû뵽ȻƷģĻû²
ҪӰϣǾҪˡ
Ҳ֪ˮϵΪοʥĺӧŮž˵ãŮԱøλ˭ķ⺣ӧҲλĲѡĸ׶ĺӣúӳ֮ӵиΪ׿Խ츳Ƕ֪δǰĸﴦ״̬ʱõӧӰ캢ӵһǸŮʦϲ˵š
ЩҶ΢΢һתͷ̨籣ȴʱ̨΢죬ڱǰ˪̨籣ٻк֮ı飬ȴЩ⣬̨Եؽޡ
ҶǸо̨͸һĸԴȰĹԣмּ¶
ԭ̨Ҫõһ亣ӧΪԼΪ˶ĺӡ
ҲΪ˺ӣΪ̨亣ӧҪˣҶ˾
ҡȵ˶ûв̨籵쳣Ҫ̨֪籶ѾҶĺӣ֪ʲôץ飿
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һ׼Ůһ˵кܶǮһ˵Ȩ˵һŮûκ⣬Ȣλ׵Ů
ǮȨǴҪģؼλҪ˲У
̨籵ĶѾҵ֣һǼǽǲɣ
Ʒһ᳡˼ȵĿ֮С
ʮڣ
ʮڣ
ʮڣ
۸Ѹܿͻ˰ڣڼ쭣᳡˶Ʒӧжô顣
һٶʮڣӲͷƤۡ
һʮڣǰŵһܿӼۣѩ˿ȣϸ粻ỹ۰ɣǿһʮӰ𣬵׼ҹ𣿵չ̣ˣѾܳܵļ۸ˡ
һʮڣҸżһμۣļҵױȵҪۺһЩԻܼӼۡ
һʮڣ
һʮڣ
һʮڣ
Ǽӧļ۸ڳ쭣Ҹһʮ֮󣬿мֱӽ۸̧ڣҲˣڵļƣ⺣ӧļ۸϶Ҫ쭵ʮϣѾܹܵˡ
̨ʦã亣ӧļλѾ̫ˣ۸񲻺ʣȻȥһ亣ӧ͸̨ʦðɡεص
ʦֲ˿λ˹صҲǲյġ̨籵˵Ըҡûһ˿øУΪ˵ҶᣬԸҡȶԱߣʱΪ䵭
ҡǸƣԭą̊́ǰװһ´û뵽ƷӧôֱӾװȥˣǶЩˣϻġ
ǿʮڰһѹõóôǮ뵽ֺһЩ̨ҲǰǮˣﰵ
λˣҶգգ۾Һ͵ȵ
һƷӧʮӰλѾ̫ˡҡҡͷ
ʮλʵЩߵˡһԸ͵
ѵλ֪ϣƷӧĳɽۣûһǵڶʮڵģҶװ޹ʵ
Һ͵ʱ뿳ҶĶˣСҲ̫ûɫˣⲻǴĲ̨ǿһ̨籣ȴ̨ɫƽϣһΣ̨ûв˲źá
ȻλۣǾˣɡҶ΢΢һЦ
ʱƷӧļ۸Ѿﵽ˶ʮڣ˼Ӽ۵ٶȶЩȥÿӸڣΪ۸ܶѾʼеܲסˡ
ٰʮڣҶڣֱӼӵ˶ٰʮڡ
̨΢΢һ㶣ҶǶٰʮӰҶôǮҶԪ½һѣôǮƷӧ
ѩһ˿֮ɫһ·ȫû뵽ҶôߣʮͨˣΪ˾ӧȻֱҳ˶ٰʮڵļ۸һ˫ͣҶҶղһֱڰϻԭ
Һ͵㶵ؿҶڻʳֵطû˭Ū٣ȻǻܲҵġҶôǮ
ٰʮڣ˾ۡ
ڣҶһμӼۣʱžܹһҳڵĸ治
ҶӼʵ̫ײˣٰʮ۸񣬻һֱӼӼʮڣ᳡סˣ̨ߵĵѩһŮӵﶼ˸ɣԪ½ƸҲŵλ˿Ǽֵڵĵǿ϶ԥͶͱǸôֻҪǮΪһҲûʲô
ȵؿҶͲûֱ˵ѰɡĻˡ
Ҷ˰ɣӰǿɲˡ̨籸ϽҶ
Ǯˣ׬һǵ˶ɹģΪǵĺӣӧһҪ򣡡ҶܼصģӰһõóģ
ҶĻ̨ҲȻˣ¶ҸЦݣҶĺӣ൱ġڽǮԽǮҲûʲô
ڣ᳡һ˼Ӽۡ
ٶʮڣҶٴμӼۡ
һƬĬ
ҶȻѼ۸̧ٶʮڣҺ͵ȸоϻģǸưѹû뵽Ҷô߾ȻҲóٶӰû
ٶʮڻ˼Ӽ𡭡
ٶʮһΣٶʮΣٶʮΣɽ̨ϵŮʦ䴸
ҶƳ˸Һ͵һۣ뿴Ժ󻹸ţٶʮھû˼Ӽ˰һΪᾺ۵İء
Һ͵Ҷֱڴԭ̨ǰһ£⻹չֲҶ֪Ѷˣû뵽Ҷһһֱڰϻֱӳġ
ҶôʯȥǮƷӧˡ
Ƭ֮Ʒӧе˹˹
˺ӧ̨ʦҲյģ⺣ӧǰˣҺ͵ж
̨亣ӧ͸㣡ҶԸоӧʥϢƷȻ
лл̨¶񾲵ЦݣҶȻҶ͵ĺӧ
̨ʦþȻˣһЦô飬˵̨ʦӽǮ𣿸Һ͵ĬĬᣬ֪һ亣ӧ̨ܹʦõķģҹҲһҪ̨ʦðԺһҪǮѪĽѵ
ǲ֪ǣ⺣ӧ͵ģٹ̨ҲǲյģҶȴһˣϾҶѾʵϵķˣ֮Ļֱ˴ˣο亣ӧΪδĺӡ


603 
ҶΪһ亣ӧǧ𣬸Һ͵ȶĵûôˣǶڲ²⣬ҶʲôˣΪһߣȻӵôƸ
һߣʲԲᳬӰ𣬶ҶһóٶʮӰȴ۾գһ£
ңոΪҶȵֻ¹¹ޣƺǴ˵еʥ캣֡
ӵۺʽʥ޼캣ΪСܣҶԵˡ
ʱҺ͵ȶѾо̨籸ҶĹϵͬһ㣬ûϷˡ
ѩһŮĿзһ˿ʣ˽Ҷ˼񣬵Ҷûһмʧ䡣
ҶȻǸоŮ˵İʾˣ̨ľŮڲ࣬ĻЩӹ֬׷۸Ȥ
̨Ϊʲôϻ񳯣Ҷ̨籵
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ҲСԪġ̨峺Ҷ֪ҶЩʲô
ͺáҶ˵ͷ̨籶Ժӵӳ̶ȣȻðա
ǫ̃籵ĻӦҶĶˡ
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Ǻսû˿Ҫ̨ʲǫ̂ŷǳɵĿռ䡣
Ϊǻں϶ȳ70ŵĺô
Ȼ̨ĿǰΪûдﵽ磬ѾȾ󲿷ֵǿ߸лȨˣǺսĵλڼλսʼĴڡ
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֪ΪʲôӧϢҶڵˮϵЩ
ҶȻðһ뷨˵ռ䴦ľǣǿųˮϵϣһصߣоҶעӣмֻȸԾӡ
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̨籣Աߵ˶ûзҶС
ǵˮϵһȥӧʱâţͷųʥİ׹⣬һŨˮϵӿӧ̺ˮϵԪԭҪֹһƸΪ͸̨籵ڡ
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ӧĹЧһӱֹ
̨籸оںӧ֮£Լһ˿ϸ΢ı仯
ҶôģѾʶҶ֮һεҲǼ߲ˡ
̨籶ҶźǿģκСҶһ޴ΪҶǻں϶Ϊ0ΣҶ˹Ŀ࿴ġ
ҶԼҲû뵽ڵˮϵЧȻôúӧô˵ı仯
Һ͵ȵĿ̨亣ӧϣ¶֮ɫ亣ӧɢϢƺѾƷķ롣
֪ӧҲֻƷѣһ䣬漣سԽƷ
ЩѽǣȻ亣ӧԽƷķ룬ΪʲôȻƷأǲ֪ǣ亣ӧղʱȷʵֻƷҶʩһЩֶΣ䳬ԽԭƷ
û뵽ԼЩȻãֻһˮϵƷӧǿɡԼھϵǲ֪ж٣һڲ
Լʵı仯һֻʶԼƽ̹С̨籿ҶĿȻ͸¶ҸЦ⡣
̨籶Ҷڲ̬ͬȣеĶʻԽԽ޲Ҷ̨߹е㲻ף䵭̨籣ΪʲôԴҶʱ򣬾һֽȻ̬ͬȡ
̨ҪȥݷüλսʴˣҪλҶ˵ټˡվǸȻض̨籵ƳҶһۣڡ̨ʡȥˡʦá֡
ؼȥǼλսʰɣǲŸյϻûą́ü΢ò׸Ҷһ棬ôֿҸҶĳƺҲмַС
˵öԣǼλսʴѾ֪ϻ񳯣ڲȥݼ»ʧһԵ͸ҶҶǺܴв͸ǺܶͷһΣȴվ˸һߣΪҲԵظоҶвòʱ͸
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˵꣬Ҷɨ˸Һ͵һۣһĲҶǶԼȫûκв̨类Ƿǳ˽ģԸûôϣԺ˳ĵģ
̨籿Ҷִ͵Ц⣬˵ͷţõġ
Һ͵ȿ̨ԵԴжѻҪҶĿⶼ޲ѵӡ
ոҶᵽϻң֪ҶʲôϵҺ͵ȰϻǰĺţһսǿܣʵСǰҸǺϻ񳯻弧չúܿ졣
ЩŵսȻ޷Ტ۵ģսЩ֮䣬ҲǱһϵģзǳҪݷõλս֮Уһλҵѩʴˡ
û뵽ҶסңϾҪǰȥݷѩʴˣźܿټˡǹһĨ΢ЦҶЩϵƾ񺣾ΪӦòܸѩжĽ飬ȥݷѩʣҶûʸǰġ
ʱɡҶȴȫ⣬
һ˸֮ҶһֱĿ̨뿪Ȼҵķȥ
ңҶס
ʱ䣬ҶһֱסѩҵıԺѩʵıԺܴмԺ䣬ҶסһԺ֮Уÿǰɨ澣û˹൱ġ
ûбҶ֮ǰҲǲԺġ
Ҷ֮󣬱һֱͷڵʲôЩ壬ʵǰ棬ҶҪһ̽
֮ǰҶۿԼƳһϵ壬ֱӽһ鿴ûκʯͷӵһǻ۵ʯͷˣַ·ܹһҶɵø̾컯֮档


604 
Ǹ˵ҲƵֻֻľϵҶӵоϵģ
ʱҶֻһˮϵ壬㽫͸̨ǶƷӧ˳ԽƷĴڡ
ЧҶеʮ𾪡
쳽ȻҶ룬Ԫǻ֮ԹעԼܿҲھ쳽ɣ
ȻڣҶΪֻͣʮأԸоԼڵڲϵۣ겻׳󣬵ʵѾһصѷɫˡ
˵ģǻں϶Ϊ0ٶȻûЩǻں϶ȸߵô죬ǻʵԲͻƣմﵽ˵ĲΣǻں϶Ϊ0˵Уǵʵǿߣ
ǧڼƵ˵УҲŵôѣǻں϶Ϊ0˵У˾͵һĴڣҲȫǳǿߣֻЩǻں϶Ϊ0ˣԶ֪ѡ
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ƺֻи˺ѹ˼άҲǷǳ򵥡
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뵽㣬ҶЩ˷ܺڴĿǰ⻹ֻҶһѡ
Ҷǿ񵶺óϡ
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ѩҲѵõЦһ
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ר͵ĵط漫Ϊ߰ڷӡ
Žʱ䣬ҪԽԽ࣬ר͵ĴõüΪ辫£͸һɹɫϢ
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ҶѾ̨עˣ̨ǻں϶ȳ70ǺսǷǳɵģݵλҲܸߣĸһôԪ½һܽصĵطǺսɷ൱Ͻġ
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˲ǫ̀籵ˣǷڱϣô˵ϲɣǻں϶һӱ6㰡
Ҳֻ̨ԣôߵǻں϶Ȱɡ
ʵ̨ҲһЩɻ󣬴ǰǻں϶ȲԳҲ73ѣΪʲôȥһϻ񳯣ǻں϶ͻȻͱô࣬룬ĪǼƷӧԵʣ
ʱ䣬̨һֱϵʹúӧ˻Ϣе̥ѵǺӧԼǻں϶ȱ
ӧԵĹЧгĺӧǱͷΨһͬǣǺӧƺҶʩĳֶԽƷķ룬ѵԼǻں϶ô඼ΪҶ
̨벻ף룬Ҫ˸Ҷͷһʡ
ǻں϶ܲʲô£̨ûпϲҲûеǣ̹Ȼ־磬һѾ޷ĲκεĲˡ
ʵϣҶϵȻأȴûôǿЧ̨籵ǻں϶֮ôࡢô죬ҪĻΪе̥ҶѪ̥ɳϵظ̨籵ʣҶͷųˮϵ壬ŲһЩı仯
ǻں϶79ʸУζ̨ѾԪ½и߲ǿߵߣ


608 ̽ϻǵĽ
ʷϷǻں϶ȳ75ţնΪ˲ĴȻֻ˵õ֮λ󲿷ҲΪǿߣεҲսʮء
΢΢ų̈籲Գǻں϶79ϢϾͻᴫԪ½ԭҪ̨籼޸ԼĶӸңȻ̨籲Ը⣬ҲǿʩչһЩֶεġ
ڣ̨籲Գǻں϶79Ҳûʹˡ̨ܹβǰͽ̨׷֣Ǿûôˣݺݵصһ۸ңҵ츳Ȼ㲻Ը̣ѳɴ£Ů˶㲻
Ҵʱ飬Ҳǰζӳ£ԭΪԼ׷̨类еϣģڣ̨һӽ̫ԶѾȫˣĬĮ̆籵ӰֻпģĲʣôҲ벻ףһµʱѣ̨籵ǻں϶ôһӱ6㣬ʲô£
һ£һ˴һʼǻں϶Ⱦȷ˵ģмƷԴ񵤣ȥ֮һǻں϶ȾѾǳˣ˵Ҳֻңٶǲܵġ
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ѵʱȽ⣿
ǻں϶Ƚʮ̨籵ٶȽʮ־ˣѾʮؾ磬ƽڱͻǲ֪ʲôʱܹͻսʾˡ
ҡȼ˿̨籣ĴܸУǶǺսһţǸ̨ȴȫûñȡǺսĽ̨籵ſ̨֮࣬ǰǺһ˿š
ǻں϶ȣ˵ĹУ̨һԲԼסıԺȥ
ܿأ̨ǻں϶79ϢѾǺսΪ֮𶯣Ǻսսǿ߶̨籵ء
̨ܹǾǺսҫ޷ΪܹΪǿߣҲޱȡ
µ˶̨籴ùϵ
̨籶ЩغӦȴȫᣬֻǱš
ЩӵսǿҲûбֳκεĲ̨Լͣ˲ĵҩ
һգ̨ԼһŮ⹧̨С㣬˵ã˵ʥҶҡ
ʥҶңҶ̨һϲæɣ
űƿˣһ˽յҶмƣ෽治Ҷǰ㿡ݡ
Ҷƽ˿·Ų̊类Ů˱ˡ
̨ɩӣҽҶƽʥҶң峤ҴһЩ㡣Ů뿪ҶƽͷóһǬ֮ǰҶɽ̨һ棬û뵽һԼɩӣ峤Ҳȷʵֻ̨Ů˲䡣
ˣҶƽ˵Ҷ̨¶֮ɫһ㣬ǸǬ㵽С
̨ЩɻŸոմϻ񳯻ҶǧϽΪ
룬ҶһʥǱߣǬĶӦǴʥǱġ
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ֻǣҶΪʲô˴Զһöӣ
ʲǫ̂ɻʵ
öӽʥľϽģ߻˻˻֮һԻǿʥ塣̫峤˵һҪܡңɩϻУҪ˻ʥҲҪСģ޷˻ҶƽҶĻת̨籡
˵ԼУ̨΢΢һ죬֪ҶǴöʥģ̨΢ЦŵͷõģˡдһţȥҶɡ
ҶƽæͷӦǣԼˡ
̨ǰдţһҶԼǻں϶ȺȻأҶƽˣҶƽתż
ϻ񳯻ʳǡ
ͨϻǵ֮ͨ˶˷ܵţͥ͸սǲӹ׼Щǰϻ̽Щ˵ΪߵҲֻǵ磬󲿷ֶġ
ԪǵսǿޣһϻǱأ˼սǿǼģͲôҪˣ߹ȥ˵
ܿأʮ֧ϻͨǰϻˡ
Ȼʮȥˣûκλȥϻǵȫûл
ʱƣۿûѶأϻ񳯻ʳߵķΧһϢĳƣĪǽϻǵĶ鶼ȫûˣ
֪Ϣ󣬽פϻ񳯵ǲһʼǰ㣬˷ܵνϻˣϻǶη
Ҷڲ²ţ˵ϻʲôֲɱ壬Щϻǵˣȫȥ޻ˡ
Ԫ½սǿ߶ͨǳˮҵǷҪ˽ϻǡҪٴν룬߿ܲµĽչˣҲҪսʼĴӡ
սʼǿһԪ½ԣһ޴ʧ
˭ȽϺأ
һ⣬ȻмսҪϻǣ֮ͥԼʮս߲ˣ֪ϻǵľ֮ǰԲսʹȥͥԼʮսĸ߲ǻڿǵС
ϻǼΪΣգϸ߽ױĵ۸һӱøΪˣ˵ͥʮս͸ϢҪ߼չ
̽ϻǵĽŲ˵ϻһЩܣҶĸкģȻϻȥ߶ȥ޻أȥĻ͸ûϷˡٵȵȿͥ͸սĸ߲ûдĶһϻǿһ
ʱչ˼Ʒı顢ӵȵȣЩ۸ǧӰ𣬹ףҶ׼彫ȽףȻ
һΪ׬ǮһҶЩЧãЩЩˣ˵ϻǲ̽ʲô
ҶҲԪ½߲ӵеǳˮЩսǵҶ̽ϻǵĽ̽ͦʱ䣬ҶżԼΪȽϵͣΪ˵
ʥǣҶء
Ҷ֮⣬ڲϵ˺͵ӣǻں϶ȣʱ䣬ҶҺǵֵʮǻں϶ȳʮĵӣҶоջķᡣ
Ҷ˺ǵ֮⣬Ҷ˲ٺ˹ѺǰڿߵһϣҲǻں϶ȵĲԣһǻں϶ȲԵĽͲôˣߵҲʮѣٷ֮ʮϵĺǻں϶ȶֻ5ڣʣµľ󲿷Ҳʮʮֻȼ˶ѡ
Ҳûа취飬Ҷںǻں϶޷ߣһǲԳǻں϶ȵֵǱȽģҶˡǵĲ
ҶҲֻܾذﺣһҲϾ̨籵ˡ
ʽϣҶѾеκһ˿ˣԴԴϵ룬Ѿﵽ˷ǳ˵ĵزӶ½ô˹֮ҶͷŽǧӰ˵ȥƻ˵ļʺۺ죡
Ԫ½ǮζӵӴԴ


609 ðǰ
СԪ磬ϻͨڴ
ʮλս֮󻹸ߣһӰնû˵ճضѹ֡
СԪ絽ȼܵǳɫ棬Щ治ʱǧ׸ߣУĻϵȳһ裬ǶҿЩǿ߷Բǧ֮ڡǿģҲʮضѣЩǿߵϢǲֻӴܣҿ
λսʣɷ˵һ䣬ϻͨǽϻǵģûһܹŻֺαðգʮλս֮УѪӰսҲǺȻУʱվǰżսʡ
ʣǲȥǲǿ󡣡Ǽս֮У׻һ
˭˵ҲȥüԪǻħսԪĿǰʵܷסԪ˵κһսϻǣ˵Īʧ
ǰϻΪ˸õסԪǣϻǾĿǰΨһܹӵǻ壬ܹ̽ϻǣ˵ܰҵһǿѣһսʵԪʣǿҪϻǵս֮һ
Ŀǰһʮλսзֳɣʮ˼ֲκսʽϻǣʮ˱ʣܹʮһˣʮּҪϻǡ
ʮһ˽飬׼ðϻǣǱϻ֮ͨ⡣
˭˵׼ϻһѣüëһ
ǻ궼ҪͬħǱض˵ģϾ˶˫޺Ԫʽ΢ʣʮλһʮλսʣ˭ܱ֤Ԫܹħһ׻Դǵطʡ
˵⣬ڶսʶһЩĬ
ʱǿʢ˥ԪȻħļǴģһħģԪǺֵܻܿס
λǵʾ꼸λɣʳƬ̵ʵǷǳģѡ˽̵ӣרΪһսؾ磬ʱҪǰԪǿħкܶ˶ҲûлȻȴ˵
ʮһѾ˱׼λΪλҪҵȸԸðգֻҪܽϻǵһЩ޺Ԫʿص
ʮһսʶѪ֮ˣԸΪԪСҡ
δ֪ϻǣأܿȥ޻أǻ޷˵ѡǰʮһɽͷսʣа˸Ըս͵ͥܵԼȽϴһЩ
λϵԪǣܹ⡣ҵʵڲԸλǰȥðգλذɡصϻ֮ͨ⡣
ʣҪȥֲ㣬ƾʲôǣ׻ʳüһʵ
ÿһսʶԪǱĲƸͣ
ȥðգҵǿѣܺϻǽˣǶԿħŸϣ
ôսʣֶζǣϻǵģ
ЩսʼʱʺٻԶԶշ
ʦʴ˵ǽȥɣҪȥ̽һϻǣٻڵϼ֮УڿУڶսǿߵ
ڶ׻ʡԪʵȽϻǵսζĬȻʴ˵ľҲ˵ʲôˣǵ֮ͥʮλ֮µĵһˣսʮǿߣսлġ
ЩϻͨڴսȻЩģǳ˿ˡ
λڣ׻ݳ࣬սʱȭȽǰϻǵ֮ͨУವһӰʧ˴ʹ֮УһĿİ׹
ڣˣչǵˣԪʶλսʹֵҲǺԥתʹ
һһӰʧ˴ʹ֮Уȥʱһ˵ı׳;ȻףǴȥܿ޷ٻˣȻ޷ˡ
أڶսʶһȥıӰĬĬףм˲ˮʪۿ
ʮһλսкܶǵѣ˰ٶĽ飬ҲǲԸ׻ʡԪʵȥϻǵԭ֮һǲ뿴˰װ
ǶбֶΣȥһλսʳϻͨȥԭǲϻǵģ׻ʡԪʵ˽ȥˣҲ¶˾ģʧǰϻǵͨϡ
ţһһǿҲŽ룬ЩǿеЩսʵĵӣһЩԸǰ̽ϻǵˡ
ʿԽԽ˽ϻͨһԼҪֲ˭ϧһôսʣԪǵİȫҪ½ˡ
ϻ񳯻ʳǣҶǳˮһһսʡǿ߽ϻͨкЩ֪ܿһ·Щսʺ͵ǿȻðϻǡ
Ҷӿ˼Ƭ̣ԼҲʲôˡ
˵оϻصһЩܸҶйأǲǸȥ̽һϻǣ
ȻһЩðգҶһҲһΪѡ
һҪƵ׬Ǯˣڲ׺õڶǰʥǱߵ񣬽һЩҶ˴Ϳˡ
Լķ˵ܴϻǴһЩϢ
ҶûаˣĬĬжܿأĵڶѾˡ
Щսǿ߽ϻ֮һ춼ûκѶû˴ϻǻԪ½ĸ߲ǶĬˣսǿ߽ϻ֮󣬶ûܻǰϻ̽һĴ
Ҳûǰϻǵ飬ʮսʽȥûһԪ½һʧʮ֮һսǿߣΪԪ½еʹ
ȻûлһϣǼΪãˡϾʮսǿ߻ôǿߣûΣգܻһ˻ϢģǱȴһûУ
ǣҲûǰϻðգϻǵͨһֱͨţҶһ˿ãϣϣʮսǿߺЩǿܹһ˻ϢҲá
ҶĵڶСԪ硣
һոչĲƵƷ黹мǬҶûһνϻǣҶûдųȻܹųòˡ
ĿǰҶֻʮصΪһ֮
Щսǿ߽ȥ֮ûܳοԼˣֻҪϻǵôģҲͿˡ
񾳷һô͸ܵһУŷʧӳ䵽ԺС
ҶһöҰСɫӣöϲ˴ССӡƷ飬һרѵĵһҲƷҶ֮һƷ
Ʒϵĵֵǣϼ亱Ҳ򵽡Ʒ飬ѾҶĿǰܹҵõĵˡ
ֻҪһҶԴ߶飬˲ϢǧҺѱ׷ٵ
Ʒ飬ȻܲҶʩչ֮طҲûʲôˡ
ҶոսСԪ磬׼ϻͨǱ߷ӣͻȻ֮䣬ϢԼҶʱоһǿѹȣǵǿߣ


610 
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һԿҶ֮Ŀжʱ⣬شЦݺݵضҶʦţȴЩսʵĻع飬û뵽ջҶû뵽ˣԼģҲֲǣ
һԱĸʦֵܣ֪һԵţʲôѵֻЩսʻع飿ʲôͼ
Χһ񺣵ģҲ˵ȥЦҶѾս˶飬ʱ׼ж飬ƷһЩҲѴ
ȻʱѾűľģҲҪмֵУҶΣյ۾һԡ
Ҷûһ˿⣬һеŭʢҶ޲ý̻Ҷֻ֪һˣ㲢ҡɵһҲеŭԺһһɵʣµķñ
һԿҶĿ⣬ֱͬɱһ㣬ΪҶʥеʲһУһɥޣܲ
һʦܣСӷϻô𣿸ϽְɣԱߵһߴٵҶĿڿһˡ
ֻҶһѣɱˣһеĺҲûôˣҲʤˣ˫ĿѪĺâŭһȥ
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ҪһλҶѣһԾԻץģ
õǵ飬ٶȣƷϵģû뵽СϾȻôĶһü
СӷǳǮϵУ˵⣬ǮҪһԺ޺޵˵ԼʵȴǴ⣬ԽԽ󣬲ԴһȽϣһÿܵļ尾֪ԽеĺԽҧС϶вٺöǶֻ֮һɱ϶׬һʣ
һԵĻ༸˲۾һҲ˵ҶﻹûǼ飬ѾǳֵǮˡ
Сж飬ǿº׷ϣһ
ҶСѾʮصΪɱκλ޶ûˣȴŵֶԪط񾳷ıɱ϶ϻ̽һ̽һԳƬ̣ҴϢλʦܣǽסϻͨںСԪĳڣ׽ҲСܹܵȥ
ЮҶζȥ˲Ϣ֮Ѿǧ֮⣬ҶԶȥкüӰǻϻͨܵطʲô
Ҷ΢΢һüͷҪǰϻǵĴͨӶгУǴͨһԵˣԼһ֣ͨĻᶼûУ
һԺͼʦֵѸٵطǰϻǵĴͨԼ뿪СԪĳڣҶȫط档
ǵùȻײһԡ
Ҷ޺޵룬ʵ޷ϻǣעҪһɱڱɱ֮ǰԼһȻٵ飡ɱˣҲϵõκһ
뿪ǵĳ·ˣһԺ˿ʼĴҶټ
ҶܲģϽһԷŭĺһ㣬СԪصЩϵŵɢݣèһ㡣
ҶಡһӶһֻϵ޵ĸ
ֻϵ޺Ŷƴؿš
мӰɿӹ
Сȥˣ
Ҳˣ
ǵÿҵȻ˵Ҳ˽ǣ
һǶãҶڽ֮ǰӦ֪ģ
һԺͼʦֵڿмӹųҫ۵ĻԹ⣬ǱɨûзŹκһطһԪǣǿǷǳǿģֱǽһĴڡ
һǿߵϢܳǣȻ޷ݻǵıԼǺˣȴԴģƻر졣
ҲҶһеץһƾ籩䣡һƾǱرըĻϵ޲ҽŻΪ˳̡
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ҶһĨɫ㱬飬ҶҲһ˿ϧһƷѣ˻ֲ춦ħֿɳɳ
飬һƷԱҲܽˣ
ʧһҶһ£Ͼǿģ鲻һͨĵѣʱ򲻹Ʒ
һʧΪҶΪƵģⳡӣҶҪһģ
ǿ˷˽ƣҶѾܵˡ
㻹ܣһ¶һ˿ЦҪ֡
Ҷ׼֮ʣͻȻһƮϼƣЩת˲סҶѸٵطӶȥ
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һǿĽ˲ʱϼƴϼƲûɢգ۾¾£һ
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һԵļʦֵһӵϣ׷ϼƲϳС
أϼƱһδɢȴһδ¾£ЮŶ飬ԼٶȴһԵˣƬ̵Ĺ򣬱ʧʵľͷ
ΪҶˣû뵽ֱˣһ˫ĿһƬѪ죬÷ζҪըˡ
һԵ˵ǣϼƾȫʧһ㣬Ҳ׷ٲһ˿Ϣˡ
ǾȻҲڣ
һȭͷҪˣҧø֨죬ϾҪҶˣͲһѣ
ҶֻһߣΪʲôһǿߣȴôѣ
ϼƲ֪ʲôˣ
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611 һ
һԵʦֵ˿̵飬˵ҲҶ׬һʣҲƽһԵɢȥĴҶټ
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ҶȻûڶ֮УǵϼƽǵıϣҶظоһԵһһεشϿӹȴʼûڡ
Щǿ߾Ϲһ㣬ǷֲϼƺͶ顣
лл㡣Ҷϼƿȥֿص
֪˭һ˽ҲϼһԵ翣ϲŮ
Ȼ֪㻹˭ֻе㲻ףΪʲôҪң㲻˵֮һ𣿡Ҷ΢΢Ц
ðɣȷʵû֮ȻһʱδοֻһѣѾϻˣҸһȥɡ𽥱දˣͬȪˮˣ˭
ô֪ǣ׼ϻǣҶüһʵ
ˣҿԤ⼪׻ԵһЦ
ܲһǰϻǣܻܲųҶʵ
ϻѾҵԤⷶΧ֮ˡ
ԤҲÿһζܹá
ƾ˾죬ҶЩһ¶׼ģϻǸ⡣
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ϻһϻƣ֪ʲô˲ܲóϻ𣿡
ҶʵҡҡͷʵֶѵȻ𣿡
ȻǡƸ̾صϻƱһЩܣ൱Ĵܲ£һ޷ɣҪʮϵ
ʮϵܲϻƣҶаһӵǻֻܵһʮζʮӵǻ壿
ǲϻƵʲôãҶòпѾɹĺ档
ǵϻܹϻûǿ֮У˿ҵǵϻʮǰ⵽һײһƣűԪʮ֮һ۷֣̽һΧû׽룬ֱȷԼܹǰϻǵͨ
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ҶɵпԭȻǿĴڣʱյƣһǿ֮гûʧ֪ʮλȥԪǰȻҲУǾΪҪϻǸ


614 
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Ҷһδ߶飬ֻϹâһҶһӡ
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Ҷͻոհֻ޳ľԶʮֻ޳泯߰Χ˹
ֱǲ˻·ˣ
Щһ̫ײˣ
ԼһȺ޳׷£ԽԽľ޳˷
ֻһˣ
ѹôսǿ߹Ҳûܻȥսǿߣ޾ľ޳棬ҲɱЩ޳ĹȻȲЩսʣǷ棬ȴ൱ˣҲ֪ûбЩ޳߼Ĵڡ
Щ޳ĸ֪Ϊͨ귴ԷλãսҪ̽ϻǣûϻǣҶһôˡ
λս˲ͻὫϻеľ޳涼ȥ
ϻϣûǲҪʹ꣡
֪ǵߵĴͨʲôλãЩսһûȥҲʵе벻ף޳ٶ࣬ӵһӦûûʲôİɣ
Լ޷ˣٿԽϻϵһЩѶϢԪȥҲֵˡ
Ҷʹöһ·ݣ˾޳ǵذΧ֮УѾǧٿף֪˶ٴιȥܿҪˡ
Ҷٴν׼Щ޳ƴһ
ˡ
޳ǷХҶХ
ʱһ޴Ĺ߷˹һС̫һ䡱һڿըȻûκγЩ޳ͻȻ˿״̬ʹ˻һֻֻûͷӬһײ
Ҷվԭأеؿͻ״ըȴûκ˺
ô£
Ԯ
Ҷ곯Զȥֻǧ֮⣬ͻȻӰгһѰѾ޹һ̨عľ޴еͶʯ
ҶȻЩͻȻ˾Լǧ׵ĵطȻûз֣ΪӦԶԶ
ȻǵĳԼе㲻һĸߴ޳ȫƤɫģ­ͻȷһǣӦǸƵ֣ܿϻǵԭס
Щ𳤹ಣһļʸۣȫпЩ޳ͷ­һǳĽǶȴ͸˽ȥЩ޳ʲôûͷȥ
ԭЩ޳ԴģֻҪ㣬Ǿͱɣ
Ҷ۾һɵಣһɵЩһȫǾ޳ͷ­Ȼλûѡô꣬һͻƣ˾޳Դ֮УȻصһ޳ɫѪĽ׹
Щ޳ǿԸɵģ
ҶЩһη֮ĶʱС˺ܶ࣬Щ޳涼Ƿǳǿ
һֻֻ޳׹ȥ֮ѸٵػһֺɫҺһĶ͸档
ѹһ·໹Щ޳ʬ壬һû
Щ޳֮һ뿴Ҷ
ãİˣ뿪ɣܿ콫иľūʱܲˣУһΪߴ÷ǳɬԪҶ
ȻɬȴҶ˼Ϥĸоû뵽ҲԪǵԣǶԷȣԼѾˣûж룬˷Ӷȥ
ƺǸоߵľ޳⵽Զߣѹѹľ޳泯߷˹ʶ꽫
޳δҲ̫ˣгǧֻҶоѣ״ϻϻܻ
ǰ·ҶѸٵطɱ
ƺҶеľȺɻǸߵ˶Ҷ˵ūѨһоūɱǾͻ
ôӹǵ׷ģҶʵǿеľū֮࣬ǵصҹκεطҲ޴ذ
Ƕڵ¡Ǹ˵
ԭǶڵ£ղԼ̽˺ܾãûҵһ˿˼ȴû뵽Ҫص̽лˣԭľ񶼶㵽صȥˡ
ǽǾūѵǲħȻǸ˵Ԫ˵ʮɬҶȻܹ
ǲħħһָΪǿµĴڣЩūħιǳġǸһǰɱһ߽͵
ԭЩоūĶħħιǳģԪ½ιǵĻһЩūԱȻ޿µöࡣ
Ҷֱе㲻ħǺεȵĿ£
Ǽ˵Ĵ£ҶǺܿ쵽һǴȻ˳һխĵصһ·صȥ
һһƣҶԸоصײ˺üＸ׵ĽҲ㣬ΪľǷֹūڿرȻɱ
ص֮нٶӦǰΣˡ
ҽףͫһһ֧ҵԪǡǸ߸ӿҶƵ˵
Ҷע⵽׵˳ɫƤ֮⣬ӵзǳɫ۾ɫӨ͸籦ʯǵͫףǵĳ࣬˸е쳣С
Щ˶ϵĴӣ׸ǸߴϣҶǰһӳ˰ӡ
ԭǵԪǣѹǻ˵Ԫǵԣ˵Ԫڻͫһķ֧Ҷ΢Цͫһǳħս׾ǳ֣֮ͫһ֮һԪ½ͫһϻǵͫһ峤Щͬǻܻͬɵ𣬡˵ͫһ嶼ʦ
ͫһóĹȻֻƷȵƷѷɫ̨ףרΪ˶Ըūġ˵ϵԵ÷ǳԺָָǴŵ̨ͶʯһĴһ
Ҷ̨ףЩ̾Ӿһ̨ͶʯͶȥһĹšҶղſǿǹű֮Щū˾޴Ĵ̼һ㣬ȫʧ˷򣬲֪ʲôԭ
֮ǰһЩԪǵˣҲǽ˽ܿͿԼˡ˵ԪǾȻôλսʼǿߣ˵ǻʮλ񼶵ǿߣܿǴӹҲ͵һٶλսʼǿ߶ѣĿǰֻλսʣǿ߸ǽһλܿǵ쵼ߣλ𾴵ĳ߻ǧ꣬Ǵĺ֮ˡ
ԭԭסΪܿǡҶЩǣû뵽ܿǵôͣԪ½Ҫö࣬Ҷʵ𣿡
ԪʱʱԪǵҲǷǳ͵ģֱΪŴﵽ۷״̬ԪȻû䣬ٻʮλԼһٶλսʡ


616 ħ̬
ûвûһܹǻ꽨ϵǰܿǷǳȫûκδѣֱʮǰһкײܿϣ֮ľūǵļ԰бֻʣǻ귢飬׵һ˿Ȼ֮ɫЩءʱһУ˲ס
ǻж˻
֪Ƭжʮˣ֪ܿطûҴߡȻҡҡͷū̫ˣܿǵرصʵʵǸ޷ϵ
ԵرеĹģٿ¼ǧ˿ڣȴֻʣ¶ʮˣһôҵĺƽ٣ֻܿһսʣѹ־ôˡ
ûмһŮˣƣһԪǡҶѯʵ֪ѳûС
ƵŮˣϸػһ£ҡͷǽûнƵġ
Ҷ΢ܻ̾ܲҪˡ
ǽλսʣһ׻ʣһԪʣԪǡ
ֻսʣҶ΢΢ü
˵ԪһʮλսʣǽĽλѣλսʴҲʹûλսʵټһѾū鷳ˡ˵
׻ʣȥǰɡҶ˵Ҷ˺һǵӰ׻ΪʦҶ׻ʻ˵ϻġ
ҶЩɻ׻ʵ˼ȻţΪʲô취뿪ǱߵĴͨһֱͨţֻҪҵͨ㣬㲼һͿ뿪ˣ׻ʵ˵Ӧòʲô¡
ĪҲԼһʱհɣ֪ͨ
ʶ׻ʴˣ̫ˣȥ׸˵صҶ˵ʶ׻ʣ⼸ͫһģҶ¶˼ֹ֮ɫɼܿսǿߵĵλε硣
ܹܿﵽսʼģػܿǵսھūܿǵʱλսսպգ˲֪ˣͬģԪǵսʣҲĻ⡣
֪ūʲôʱڵص׵Ҵ߷ĽǼλսǿ˵ܹػǣңܿǸԪǽˣļʱӲ١
ϾԪӵʮλһٶλսʣʵԶԶܿǡ
ҶЦԪǱ뷽跨ܿǣΪܿкܶǿߣ԰ǶԿħܿߣֽеϣȫԪǱߡ
Ҷ׵˵£һһ·صȥ
ΪܹܾūħǾȻڵ˼ĵصףҲ˲ɼǶԾūħµ˺̶ֳȡ
һ·룬Сʱ֮ڽһĿռ䣬ｨһͰķӣһ۾ӵĴ䣬ֱʥǵﻧҪö࣬ҷǳӵ
ܿΪ嶼У죬еĶ伫еͷɫеֽźܳͫһֻռһСֶѡ
ǰ´ˡָŲԶһԴķ˵Ҷǰȥ
ֵվ˲ˣЩǳƽдˣٶĸˣǶشҶǿҶȻһˣԪǵսʳһ
Ҷ׵˽һϤף׻ʣ׻֮⣬һλԪʣ濴ô೤Źֵˣˣʱһеĸо
׻ʺԪֻͨĿ꣬׻ԸֱһЩԪȽ
ҶȻ㣿׻ʿҶ֮ЩȵصȻ벻ҶȻ
Ҷλսʴ˼ˡҶֵ
Ҷûʲôÿġ׻ЦŰڰֵôģ
񾳷Ҷ͵ϻôģܴܲһЩϢȥ
񾳷ôȻ񾳷Ԫط޳ˣ׻Ϊص
ԪҲԸвؿһҶ񾳷ּԪط츳׿֮ˣҲҪʮ꣬Һܶʵ˲ʺ񾳷ܿԶɣһ˺ٻѡָѶȵԪط
һսǿֻרһԪطѡĶЩɱԵԪط˻Ứôľȥ񾳷ָ͵طսҲǻطģȻѡһ㶼ѶԵ͵֡
λսʴ˽봫֮ͨ󣬹ȥôһֱûѶأԪǵ˶˵ʮλսʴȫˣȻλţΪʲô˸ԪǴϢأҶʵ
׻ʺԪһۣ̾ϢſЦǲ봫ϢǱˡ
ˣҶɻ
ոսܿǵʱǲʱհ׻ʵ
Ҷ˵ͷ뵽ʱҶҲ¡
ܿΧʮλµʱյƣγһƬϻƣͨڴϻƵʱŤΧʱհǿԴ洫ͽȴ޷ôͨͳȥ洫ͽʱʱհƫܿϣͳȥʱʱհ޾ǿգսʣ޾ǿ֮УҲǱɣ׻ʿЦǸϻˣ
ԭֻܿܽȴܳȥˣ
ǳ˶λλսأҶʵĿʮλսʡ
ս⵽ΧѾˣʣµҲģʧɢˣѰǵλáԪƵصһĨȻ֮ɫ
һλλʩչطѣѾǸˡ׻̾
Ҷ֮ǰ˵һλģλѾ
ǿߣͻļޣǧ֮ͻῪʼ·ǧ꣬Ѿǳǧң͵;ƿ֮ˡ
ĳЩѪͳ壬һЩطܹõʱ䣬ǳǽ볤ʱ״̬ǿǵվ֮绯
һתḶ́ÿһһޣԶ޷ﵽĲ𾳽硣
λսʴħ
ǣһȺߵȾūÿһֻѷɫսʼϰֻλ˵ܿϵоūһ죬ֻǸħܿ˶ûмǸħλ˿ԸоĴڡ׻ʵ˵ħ׻ҲɫȻ
ħ޷ɢȥƣ
ħôһִڣҶʵĿǰΪֹҲֻһЩūѣǴ˵еħȻһصɴ
׻ôʾ䣬ĬƬ̲ŵħΪ̬һ壬ĻһӰΣƮʱǷǳģױɵħǳ࣬޾ܻһЩڶǼ壬ڣǻ꣬࣬Ҳ޵ȵȣʱǿԿ˼룬ҲϵѧϰħĴطԼǿ󡣵ǳ壬ͻǣΪзǳµĴڣħǳǿӵ񼶵ΪȺǻ꣬ǻ֮ħ÷ǳֲԴﵽΪеǳԽĴڣ


617 
̬ࡢ޵ǻڣҶаѹսǶ̫Ը̸ħΪ˵ħͼ֮䣬ϢȥԪ½Ļҡ
֪ҲֻһԽħȴǵģǳ׵Ļ𡣡׻ʵҵΪֹԪǲûԽħ
Ԫ½ûħļ壿ҶһȽе⡣
ȻҲУͥרɱħ֯רŸԪ½ħ
Ҳ˵ɱ˭ɱ˭Ҷüʵ
ֻҪȷϱħˡ
֯ôоħ£ҶţԺǲҪ֯Ϊá
ô࣬ҶڶħһЩ˽⡣
ҶǴȥһܿǵ˰ɡ׻ЩʧЦԼȻҪһһλǿߣãҶһЩ֮ͨǲһġҶлὫߵϢݵԪǣӦ˼һġ
õġҶҲ뿴λôһˡ
׻ʺԪʵĴ£ҶߵĺԺһŶԺСԺ
ﻷ徲ȴǲôƥ䡣
ԪǣһλսʵסһưĹοǿˡܿǱ֮ǰλס϶ҲǷǳֺģڣʵЩӣҲֻܽˡ
Ҷ׻ʺԪʺ棬լԺ濴ȥֻһλ׷ԲԵ˼Źȣſ˹ݿ£·ΡΡģ˵ǲǻϸܲκǿߵơ
һָоһοľһ㣬оһ˿
˵ֻһңһֻǵɫͫûн࣬Ƚ죬ܴӺܼ⣬ԪǵһЩԵĲͬ
ڽլԺ֮ǰҶĻһЩ㽺ڴģҪ֪һݺ˷޵еǿ߾һ־ˣȻλǧ꣬ѾǴĺ֮꣬ҲƱˣҶȻȻγһߴΰ
Ҷû뵽Լľһλߣһ綼ܽ䴵һ㡣
һλ˼ңȻһλǿߣҶ΢΢ЩеţʱԺеķɵ˲
ɵĳЩһЩǿߡʵʱͻӦԷȷʵӦһλǿɣ
·ǸӦʲôλһһת˲ţ˫ָֻֻӡ
Ҷ΢ݣ˿Աߵ׻ʺԪʣλ߶Ϊأ̬ϹϾ֪ղûз쳣
ˣ˽ҶһԪǣ޳Ԫط񾳷һ׻ʽܵսǿߣǰҲһ˿ĲתͷҶ֣صصҶλܿǵˡ
ˣáҶһ˵֪ԷǿߣҶҲΡ
ǵתһ£·ǴҶһۡ
΢΢ͷЩص
ҶҲ֪ʲôҶо仰źζԪǰܹԼԺķɵ֪λɲԡ
һλǧȻ꣬ӣ޲͸ųȵȣǻǵĿ֮Уһֶ΢ǡ
ˣĻǳǿҼǿģǻ꼶ĴڡϵԶƮ죬ҶĶʡ
Ҷ΢΢һһԵ׻ʺԪʣʲôûɫûһ˿仯ֻվһԡֻڸԼһ˵
ҶϸϸƷζ仰в˼ɻ󣬻ǻ֮꣬䵽ʲôϵĪǻҲֻһ
ƺҶĲ⣬͵һҲһǻ꣡
Ļǻꣿ
Ĺɣ꣬ӵ壬Ҳһʽ࣬ǱΪ߶˵ĴڣΪ߹ĵһ塣بű֮еġ˵
ǻĻһҲһʽ
߾Ȼ˵ԼĻǻ꣬쳽ڷɵ֮Ҷ˼ԪҲɵøпɵһλĴܴڡ
ǳԽĴڣ
뵽Լ֮ǰȻļһ׷ɱĴأҶԼʵѷɵǿľ쳽
֮Ҷڷɵ֮оת
ܻݱḶ֮́ԭǿնģľˮһԽԽ࣬γĳΡ
֮󣬸Ͽʼܻ壬ﵽһ׶ǻ꣬ǻ֮ĵ
ҶԭĹУΪһαըвģǽֻһαըô֮ܵ޾壿Ӧ޾ɳܻģʵĻ۽
ϸϸһ˲ĸҶ֮еľ˼֣ſԽԽҶ֮У־ſÿһŶѾһСˣϣԿصط裬ǷҶ֮󣬻ȸԾػ۵Ҷߡ
Щûʵ壬ȴ߱һЩȵǻۡ
ԽԽҶвһֱ˵黳ԭ˵ģЩĳΡ
ͨһ֮ҶоԼľһΣǿתױϣҶϲɵֳһ˿ʹ֮ɫ񺣵ͻƵļѹ֮һ
Ǻıݣھ쳽ת߽֮⡣
ҶоԼΪѸٵ̥ͬһȻһ¡
Զƺ֮Ϣ
޼̫ʱҪһ٣ҲҪһεƺǰҡ
ΧϢ΢Щͣصѹ
û뵽ҶȻʱͻȻȻâ˫ѸٵؽӡһĻй䣬Ҷ˽ȥ
ҶоͷϿյȥȻʧˣϢҲѸ
ѾϵϢĨȥˣԿȴһЩ鷳طʵ̫Сˣһܻħע⡣߿Ҷܲƽ͵˵
ǰʮֱǸͻȻ֮һ˿򡣡ҶЩ˼صȷʵЩҴ˴ԹƵ鷳ܻūģĽ
񺣵Ϊһ׻ʺԪʲ࿴ҶۣҶʱ͸ϢͨҪǿöࡣ
ߵЦŰ˰֣ûжԴʲôֻζؿһҶ


618 
ҶСӣǰֻʱȥϵϢǰ٣ûܹ١Ԫ½ΪԪƵĽҲ٣һǶᴫ͵һгǵĵطԿ١û֮£ɳΪһǿ֮󣬻лǰأǺܾǰԪ裬лøִУʥ֮ı׻΢΢һЦȥһ˵һջ񡣡
أҶȻȷʵ˵ôһطǷǳԪǵһ壬Ԫǰ˸ֽƷֻͨͥǵһͨܽ롣
ԪʱʱֻмʮִطܲҲǺܶ࣬ʱҲ֪˼ǧִطǽ˶ٶܻһЩһЩǿԻóǿĴС
ͬеģһأֻ޿Խ룬ΪԪ½ǿ衣
ȵǶԿٿȥشһ
ҶȻȰܿǵ˵
Ҷ˵תΡΡسȥ
׻ʺԪһۣ֪߽Ҷʲô飬ȻûǣҲȥˡ
ҶҲһЩɻ󣬲֪ߵԼʲô飬߻٣ϧ𣬸һĸоҶΣߵĺ棬ȥ
׻ʺԪʿߺҶıӰʧͥԺȵľͷ
֪ǰ׼ôšԪʵҶֻϢݻȥҶΪֻǵôˣһν׵ĳɹ׷ѣ
׻һµҲεѡܿǵϢݳȥǵȸħܿΨһ;ҪܿǣҪԪǵǿ߹ҿҶнͻƣǸشˣΪܻήͣǸ֮ȴȻڣǻܿġ
ϣɡԪʵͷ
ǳԺӣæԵȥˡ

ܿһдеĴӲľʯͷɫģĴȻ˼ƻֶָܿ˹ȻһЩսĺۼԡ
ľūȥūܶȣԶҶڵǸҪߵö࣬вǴﵽսʼĴڣЩūͶһƬƬ޴Ӱ
ЩūɺĿڴ֮Ѱţгκһȫɱ½ֻͨҰޡ
ѰһСʱ֮ʲôû֣ȻȺӵ뿪
Щū뿪ֵ֮ĲݴУһϸӨ͸ĲݶѸٵػûΣС
̧ͷžūȥıӰһ£Ŀתһ㣬תת飬΢΢һЦֻҪûɲݣЩū͸޷ڡ
û֮󣬾ԶһʯͷҲѸٵػһֻƴСӡ
㣬㣬Ҵȥ衣ֻСһԾƵļϣıǳ˵ֻСӳʮֿɰһԴ۾ֻԲִֻһ۱ϲ
õģС⨣֪֪һǸôˣƿԱߵСʵ
˵û£ѾܿǵˡֻС˵
Ƶ˵ͷȻҶܿǵһӦǲʲôΣˡ
Сһһ·ȥ

ǿ֮УܿͨɫΧΧһԲ״ɫƣԵøΧЩܿȣԵЩ޹⡣
ңԶǿ֮УԪǱȽϽλãһɫĲ׺ǡ
ԪǸħūû壬СԪ磬żħūֵģ˴Ԫ磬壬Ϊӵо˵ıأΣճ̶ҲǼߣΪսðյĵطΪսʽ硣
׺ǸСԪ磬ȫ̶˵ǱȽϸߵģȫˮɣһƬˮˮϵޡ
ʱһЩԪǵðգɱϵˮϵޣͬʱѰ֮ı
ڵĺϵΪŨĵط
ԽľˮΪϵˮϵܻġ
һӰһƬããıϵ֮УҶ֮һǱĵš
ԭֻʮصҶϵ˻ʥʥϵظ죬Ҷʲϵصõ˸ı䣬ΪҲڻԺƺһЩϵϢѸٵ
Ժ֮ҶΧıϵͻȻ֮䷭ӿ׺ͻȻ̲ӿ졣
˺棬¡¡֮
ڲ׺ðյһЩͻȻоЩԣǿϢη壬ǲ׺ǣôͻȻ
Īɽ٣
пֲƣһľս
˭Ȼڲ׺Ƕɽ٣
ôڲ׺Ƕɽ٣һɽٲȥǵ𣿡
˸ոսȥˣ
ߣһǷ׷׾ߣǵȽûҪǱ׽ٻУ˲ҷ
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׺ǵײеĵǿҲ׽ţǰڱϵ֮еҶ
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ҶٱͨٻҪǿʮֹģҲǴþˣ׺ǡ
Ҷ̧ͷ֮ɫ֪Լֵܲܵסһε٣ֵܹסԼǼкôģֵסܻܿҷ𣬵ʱ򽫻Ϊ
ͨĽ֮У߳ԶǺѹѹŨصĽƣ͸һֻصǿϢǲ¶֮ɫ


619 
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ϣԺеķɵ֮⣬춦ħԿ١
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ҲǴ񺣽ѣôϾɱ
ȻˣȫûԿԣ


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Ҷ˴֮ͨУҶֵ˲䣬˵Ŀⶼ۽ҶϣϲȻ㵡ɻ飬ɵɵؿҶûзӦ
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621 𱨳
ʵϣҶΪܸ׶ԿҲڽ֮ˣҶǿŵ֮صľػҶȥӲףҶȻľս
Ҷ˼ž쳽İأڷɵҶʱҶûзַɵıڣԺеķɵ·һһ㡣
ҶɻĪԺеķɵֻԺеһӰ񣬲ʵ壿
Щ˿԰
Ŀɿڴע֮£ҶЦŰڰ֣Һã˵ĿУʩʩȻسʥǷȥ
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ǶҶصʲǿҵĺ棬׺ǷһУҶѸٵشԪ½һЩսʼǿߣҲע⵽ҶмλսȷʾҪҶΪͽŵʥҶңҶܾˡ
Ҷɲܻ᲻ʲôսǿߣûؾĻҪؾԼͦãΪʲôһҪԼҸʦԼ
ҲмλսʶҶʱֳ˼Ȥר˹ѯҶʲôʣȻڽʱ˾žŰʮһףû˻¾ȻڽлҶʾԼҲ֪Ҳ֪ΪʲôĪ˽ס
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ҶףԼܹʥǻİţҲ֪ǻΪʲôὫʥԼܣֻмǻ֪֮
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һȻһദǢͬΪʵӣ˴֮仹һЩϵһһöƷԴ񵤣һЩˬǹŵ΢ЦһʦܣЩҲ֪
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һԵĻһûһӣзмֻɫصһʦ˵ĻôΪҵأ
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һ˵ţ̯̯֣һε顣
һʦִ˻棿һ𾪵صɽôʱ䣬ȥһǣһֱڿޣѾܾûϢˣⷬЩҡ
ʦйǣܽ¸㣬ӰɽǾֻһ˲֪ˡһЩյصҲԥڣ뻹Ǹˣν顣
һһĻжʱһɳԹ뵽Լ裬ƬߵأԼɥ¡
ΪʲôҪ˴ңΪʲô裬ȴܱѩޣҲİһĿŤŭۼűŭ֮£ۡ³һѪ
һʦҪ벻һ΢΢һƲװеؿοˣ黹˰ɣ
ҲģҲģһ񣬵ͷҧңѵһһҶ𣿡
һô˵һһֹӡ
ʦʲô˵޷ΣҶһҪɱҶݣһԺݺݲǵѪȭͷֱ
һһиֳһǳˮһĻĻӰҶڲ׺Ƕɽʱ龰
һԵ۾ضһеǳˮüͷŵصǡҶСӣôܣֻһ߶ѣôʮһף
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622 ܿ
ܶսʶ۴£ǲ²ҶһĳʣкܶսʱʾԸҶΪӡҾ֪Ӷ½ǨҶУʮ˲Գǻں϶ȴﵽʮϣ壬űΪˣ֮ҶҺܿһӵʮλսʵĳţһ壬ʵڲʲô֮١һġȰԱ飬һʦܻǷ˰ɡ
ʦҲ˵׷һԵʹͷĬ˰ʵ˫ĿѾͨ죬Ѫ˿
ʦ˼ҲΣӵģҲܸʦ鷳ǣһ̾ϢһԵļο
ҲͰˣѵһҶҲˣҲİһԺȻŭĿѣԹ죬Ϣ֮ͷƬ̼˿˿׷״
ʦǺο࣡һһԷˣҲЩȣ۵ȴһ˿Ц
һϢңֻԼһŬͽͣһеļֶЦ챯𣺡Ȼˣк壡˵գԵǱ˹ȥ
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Ƭ֮ʵõ˵Ļ㱨֪߳ˣżӸ˹
һôˣܵĽ⣬мֽʵ
һʦΪҺҶ飬Ϣң߻ħ˹ȥһһԹصȴ˵ԼһиһԵġ
һͷ׷ɫڵӣҡͷ̾Ϣһһ԰һԣǺο࣬ʲôίʦһΪֻعģֺα𾳽Ϊ
ʰڰ˰һС̧˷䡣
ǼʦֵܿһԣǧҪ벻ʽһ˵
ǣʦһ˸ϽӦ

ܿǣңԶĵ֮
ҶߴĵѨһ·ص룬һªʯ߹
վһʯɵϣ·ȥֻңԶԨײϺɫҽţȵ
úԶǹˣҪһ㡣
Ҷǰ񣬲֪ҪԼȥģ˼СʱˣȻ֪ͷ
رмˣĵصףұϾȻһЩΪĺۼҲ֪˭Ϊʲôԭ޽ص
ͨҶ̲סʵ
㵽ط֪ˡƽ˵ţȻûлͷȥͣٶȴǼ졣
ҶüȥڵĶѨͷ
ǵصҴ¶ȣҶһָоʱ·֮ϡ
Ҷʲô뷨ȻһһţֻҶһûںڰеͱӰ
ãǺڰ֮д߲Ͽռŵ
쵽ˡ
ڿ쵽ˣҶţδ֪ǰǳڴԽ룬¶ԽߣȵƺҪ˿һ㣬ҶòĬĬת쳽ֿܵȶȡ
һ·ڴгԶĵһĻҶȫˡ
Ҷ󣬾ص˾˵һĻ
ǰһޱȿտĿռ䣬ϺɫҽһۿͷͬһƬûоͷҽ֮һ㣬һ׽̾͵ĵ·ֱԶҽ󺣵룬һֺĽɫΡȻûƵ֮У֡
ϺɫҽϺ֮нҫ
ԶһԶʱ̨֮ףǸߴ׵ӣΡĵãֻӦλ֮еģȴسǰ
һɺƴѹ̺ϵ˲һֳĤ֮ġ
ֱĽɫ·ȵϺɫҽ֮һ·ңԶǰǵ·ȫûƵŨ֮С
Ҷǰ澰Ϊ֮һ٣βŻع߶еķɵӿѹȸвż˲١
ɫ·ǰͣЩؿҶһۣΪҶֱӱѹѹȵùڵأ˹Ȼ򵥡
ǰʲôطҶԶʵû뵽ܿǵĵص׾Ȼһط澰
ǽܿܾúܾǰʮǿܿµżңû˽ȥҲֻߵܿȣû취ߵ棬Ҳ֪ʮλΪνܿ
ǰΪʲôҶɻʵǿ߶޷ĵطǽȥˡ
ܿԽڣʮλѾ֪ˣܿҲѾûиȡϵˡ˵֪ܿܵģ˭߲ϵϴһ˿ζЦ⣬Ҷʵ
꽨ܿʮλѾ޼Ѱ֪ԪǰѾȥѾʷôܻ֪Ҷüͷ壬漴һԣ֪չֻ࣬ջǻᱻ´ܣǣȴһЩĴڣǰһֱڣǾǻ꣡
ߵͷǻǵͫ˸ɣǻ꣡بĴڣȻˣˣһǱ˻ɱɣǽԶ֮Уǿܹƿˣ֪ûнؿԶһּǾ
ֻҪħɣǻ꣡
Ҷ֪ǻǲ𣬵ǻ˼ʱǻձڵģԣǼֱԶ޾¡
ԼǶȥˣǻȻ֪ԭ
ǰ֪ܿǵǻ𣿡Ҷʵ
Ҳ֪߻ǵͫ˸ŻްɣЩʧصȻ޷ϵܿǵǻ꣬ǡ
ôأǰսܿǻѱħˡҶüɻص
Ȼˣܿǻʼնϵǲ²⣬ܿǻӦǱĳطʮλܿйأҲ²һеܶǰܿУЩŹȣңǰ̾Ϣ޷⴦
ҶǲףΪʲôҪԼѵΪԼܹ
ǲǺɻΪʲôҪ߷·𿴴Ҷ뷨ʵ
ǵġҶͷ
ܿǵǻ֪ܣһӦҲ֪ܡ
Ԫǻ꣡Ҷһߵ
Ԫǻ϶Ҳ֪ߵ˵ͷϣܵһ˿ԪǻϢ
ԪǻϢôܣҶЩţѵ˾ĸµģԼûа˾ĸ̴ϰ


623 ܿ
ҲпҵĴҵĸоûдǿ϶Ԫǵǻ㰲ŵΨһһܹܿˣҰ̫ܿʱµص䣬ܿһЩܣܿһܿޣһǻһ˿ֻҪõǼܿޣ˵ܹȱǻ߲꣡ϵϻһ˿ΣԵмּҶܿȫˣǱܿǻȡϵ
ߵĻҶ֣֮ɫܿԣǵǻȡϵǷǳҪģħžūܿ⣬ܿϾҪˣȴ޷ǻ깵ͨеĵǿ֪
ҿԽܿĻһǰõǼǻҶȻԶֵȥɻ޷ܿǻǱӡĳطʮΪʲôҪôһܿǻĳаµĴڣųǸΣգ
ʮλԵ޹ｨһܿܿǾʲôĴڣȻʮλǰ˴ΪҪۣϻƣܿǿ֮У
ҿԴܲܽڵҪİˣܽȥǾܿ컯ˡϣԪǻⰲǰ˴ġ૵˵ǻƿżҲᶯһЩֶӰ˵˼룬˵ΪÿһܿǵˣԪǻİţǲԵ޹˴ģ
ǻ굱ܣ¸صӦòΣ
һӣһɵ͸ֽҶҶʱ˲٣ҽȺѹ赲ڹ֮ˡ
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ǰΪʲôܿǵɫģҶһ߸ߣһʵ
ܿǻһǻ꣬ӵŷǳ߹Ѫͳɳһǳǿǻ꣬Ҳ²⣬ʮλԭ򡣡
ɫѪͳܿǻ껹ֻһǻꣿ֪ЩѶϢҶЩȣ˺棬ǻ磬һЩޱȡ
ǰĲ²⣬̫µصϼصģҶʵ
ֻҵĲ²ѡߵЩܼصϡ
Щȷʵܼصϣ߲²ʲôأǰеߣı߸¡ͷףϵ޲ʾţѾϾҪߵľͷˡ
Ȼͨ˵ѾƳöˣǺܼ򵥵ģǼʱǧԣȴ㲻ʲôˡ
ȻȻ꣬Ҷɣ˥ϵ֮УʱԱޱǿκ˶СһѾ಻ˡ
ҶߵĴ£ɫǰ
ͷǰΡ׳۵Ҷһɳ羴֮飬ǰģһ׽̳ɵ̨ףͨߴ̨׵ľͷһֺĽɫһʵĽ⣬Եض߹
Ѿǵһˣ̤˽ɫ̨ףĽ̨̤׵һɲǣֻĽɫδ̨ɢ̺ķģЩײϣùһҵĲ
ҶȻɫ̨ױ˽ƣһᷢ
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̨ף޷ֻͨϵǿ߲Ȼͨܿǵһλսʣ̨׵ľͷˡɫصʾҶϡ
սǿ߶ˣû뵽⿴޺̨ףôɱҶ뿪ߵ֣ţ̨ס
һǰһʰϣԽߣǽ̨ͷŶĹκͷıԽӣҲǿ߲ϵؼǿֵķ
Ҷľѣһ·Ҳֻϵǿ߲ͨˣʮλʲô
֪˶ą̃׵ľͷܿĴȴصɫĲϵƯѤĿɫʣԶϢĴתеһ㣬ɭׯ֮˸оһľη
Χʮ׳ĵϣÿһ̻һλŮЩǽʮλŮģŸеģóͬҲмĲͬɫ£Ȼ
УԪǰҲȻУʱ
ҶϣԪǰϤòгţȥص¥Ԫǰʸȥ˵ص¥ԪǰҲһ
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Ҷ֪ЩɫģűȸղŵĽɫθǿɱߵֱ˿̿Ѿʬ޴ˡ
ˣ֪ڵôġ
Ҷߵĺ棬һ·ǰУƬɫܼǰߣбûзˣ֡
ǰȥһߴʮ׵ľΡȻȫɷ۶ɣһ޴ġַֹӡɷ裬͸İԵ֮ǿ֣ͷֶĤݵĳ嶯
һ֣Ҷ͸оѹĵһаħԶɢͷһƬγȻ
߽Ų˶٣ͷϳİ׷޷ԶطҲ¶˼ּ֮ɫ
ʱߵҲҶߵ飬ҶЩɻ񼶵ǿ⡰ǰҲܵĪѹѵ֣ΪԽǿܵѹԽ
ǰ߾ܿڵˣӲǸֵľ޴ѹһһƶǰߣһֱߵǰһ֮ңλá
Ҷؿߣ֪Ҫʲô
ֻ߽ǰ˳ȥͼƿǰĴţߵִǸ޴ġַӡʱǸͻȻâţ籡
䣡һ죬˵˳ȥصһˤԶĵϡ
ͻȻıҶһϽ˹ȥеʵǰôˣ
ЩǱҡҡͷû¡
Ҷߵֶֻֻ֣ʴˣ˿ڴһƬڣ¶ѵĹͷ˵ǿ߾һֱۣգۼǸʵ̫ˣָԭٶȼ仺
߿ŻҺڵ֣ЦֻһС˰ˣָֻܻܿܰ͵ˣ޷ڵ
ǰ޷룬ܽȥ𣿡
ԪǻϢ㣬һܹȥƶ˵ǰţΪܿǵػܿôãȴŶȥ
˿ߣҶĬƬ֮󣬵˵ͷãԣ


624 ܿ
ҶسǷĹɵĴȥǸԽԽԽǿԽǸоǾ޴ѹȻϢ֮£ҶоԺһƬ˵Ķ·õ˾һ㡣
ǰ·ܹһƬǿգҶڵϵؾţԺеķɵҲ˲
ԽǿǸ֣ҶоԼܵѹԽС·ĳٻһ㣬ǰһҶȥҪѴƿȴǵεһ㣬Ҷֶֻû˴֮С
ҶȵؿһУŲǰߣȫû˴֮УֱӴǵš
ҶӰ˴֮У߽Ӳѵ¶һ˿΢Ц΢ЦԴһ˿ɬ
ȻԪǻѡеˣ߻ǵһɣ֪˼ʲôվţȴҶϢ
ܿڵ
ҶؿǰһУڵһ޴ĳӣԲңϺɫҺڳʣ·ʵѪҺһ㣬һС·һ·ͨǰһСƬյƽأ澲һɫ˿Χһö̴Сĺɫ鲻ͣ衣
˿ӦþǴ˵еǻܿˣöʲô߸û˵ĪõǱص沢ûмö飬߲֪Ĵڣ
ǻܿƷ裬öӦҲ򵥡
û뵽ô׾õܿޣҶΪжأ룬ΪҲ棬ܿ޲ôõģ
׼ǰߣҶͻȻоһɿµϢǸӿȥаӿŨϺɫҺ棬ƺʲôµĶҶĲ
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һδ֪Ŀ־岻ɵôð˳
Ҷһ˵ûԼԪǻѡǰģӦûʲô⣬ػܿ޵ޣҲܸͨŶԡ
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Ҷǿѹйĸоһһᶨسȥڴܿޣܿ޵ʸмΪͣһǿϢ
ܿ޾һǳǿĵ
ǣͻȻ䣬Ҷһüͷ
ܿӦһƷˣ˵һǻһ˾ƷĵҶҲǽӴǻˣǻϵϢͨȫͬġ
ͨ˿ܱϲҶ׵ظܳϸ΢Ĳ
һðǻľƷܿޣ
ҶͻȻʶеΣѵ߻õϢǲ׼ȷģǻܿ޸ڣֻֻܿƷǻܿһط
Ҷüͷô£Īʮλڽ֮ܿ󣬹˴Ϣ˴ʮλôʲôأ
Ҷ˼⣬ĿܿԱߵöɫϡ
öɫҪֲֻùıϣλòϵ˸źɫâĿ
ֻǿһۣҶоöɫǲϢöɫ飬ǻֻıԵż塪ܿ顣
ǻܿޣöܿ飡
ܿ޲ͣΧܿ裬ȻһƷܿܿǰֻĶѣ
⾿ô£
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ܿ޲һӣöܿʵϣʮλǹô
Ҷﲻϵðһ뷨ɫʮλȻΪ֮ǾΪʲôҪôΪԤʲô뵽Ҷֳܿܿ˳ȥ
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ҶָⴥܿɲǣͻȻ֮䣬һǿޱȵϢҶ
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ҶѣҪѣֿµϢܹԿġ
˵Ŀǰֻ磬սҲУ񼶱Ϣ
ߣҲ޷һϢȼ磡
ܿǣѵһλ
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ҶӴҶؿԼĵӰ档
߾ôų˼ȦͷܿϷǺŲʱҶܷ裬ҶоԼϵǱһ㡣
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ѵҪ߳ԵһҲȱ߳ԵðҶ;öġ
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ԿǲܵģҶֻø׺ݵĿص˹ȥעҪԵҲԲƲǣ
ܿΪʲôһľߣĪǻܿػߣ
ܿѾ֮ãܿսʱģѾꣿܻ֮࣬࣬Ҳϡ档
Ȼͬǻ괴ģͬеĵ壬ȴһЩƳʮ౶ʮ츳ǻ۱Ҫܶ࣬ͬǵ壬޵ĵλҪһЩ
ܿ飬ȷʵһ˲õıȻǿػۼԼʱҪ߳ԵҶƲѣôҲû뵽Լһ̫ˣȻҪΪߵĸ֮ʳ
û취ܿˣ
Ǿ߿ҶܾãȻͷûҪԵҶ˼
ߵʲô˼
˻˻ţƺ˵ʲôӣҶܿǵ
ҶҪѯʲôֻѸٵСջһСߣವһ֮ܿвˣ
ҶʱоԼѹڻָж
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һﵽʲôĪֻܿ飿Ҷɻü߲ųԼҶǿŵڷԼȥΪʳ


625 ֵ
ǰǿ˸ͣܿ飬ǻϳصϢ͸˾ĸһ
ˣȰȥ˵Ҷȥץöܿ飬ȴöܿವһС۳һСûҶָϡ
Ҷ˿ԼʳָȻָκܹоöܿĴڡ
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ǰܿȻƮͣŮڿһ㣬Ҷⲻš
ڵǿһ
׸òóȥȥ֮ӦôҶȻʲôȷһУһգߣߴܿǶǴ
룬Ҷ⣬ʲôһ
ܿǶѾūռˣصħڲͣؿܿǣ㲻ߴȥܿҲܿٻ
һ߶ѣܱڵҪܿǻģһ񼶵ľߣ˵תս֣Ҷã¶˾ģȥ
ҪŵʱҶֳһ£Դ˵Щܾе㲻ԡ
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Ҷ߿˹
Ҷõܿ𣿡߿ҶʵصǿߣʱҲԵмּС
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ܿ˿衣
߿ܿޣּ֮ɫõˣܿǵǧоˣߵִܿ޵ʱͻȻһüͷףԣ
Ҷͷһǿߣôῴܿ޲ǻ
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ֵ飿ҶüͷҽȥʱһװϺɫҺĳӣһѪءҹ۲һ£ڵܿޣܿ޿Ҫ뿪ʱҷǸѪһߣųĿֲߣҸϽ˳ûһͷ
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ҶֻΪǵսʣҪڳȺӵľūΧԱҲǺѣҪϽΪδԪܿǵˣܿܶϵһϡһţһ֣ص˵
ǣҵǻں϶Ϊ0ȺҶЩ߻˵Ļҡҡͷ
ǲǾãǻں϶Ϊ0һ˴ܵ飿㲻Ҫô룬ǻں϶Ϊ0һ츳ͨûе츳ǻ괴ģ㿪ʼǻںϣδѾˣǻ̶ֳȡǻں϶Ϊ0ˣǵδȴûн޵ģͳ˵ʱһֻҶһӰѾָˣȻľ
һᾡȫȥģҶͷָϵܿ飬ĬĬس˼ʲô
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Ҳô˵ɣȻǸǻ໥棬ǻһļȻǲֹǳԽ˳ɾͷǷͬǻں϶Ϊ0˴ڡ˵һ·ǰУҶ߳Ƭҽڵ򣬽ǰĶѨӰûӰ֮С
ΪʲôҪԼ˵ЩҶ˼ţ˼תǧء
ܿʮλܿǻϢҲЩɢȥġȻܿ޲ǻɼʮλԺһЩġ
ܿ޲˶Ŀİˣǻöܿ飡
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ָܿ飬Ҷţöܿ鲢û񼶵ľߡ
һеӦӦøߣ
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ʱǰķԸҶرȭ
ߵ˵ͷ߽Լķ䡣
ҶߵӰʧźԳƬ̣ȥ
Ҷˣ˵Щʲôôôòų׻ʿҶ߹ʵ
Ҷ룬ߴԼǰصܿ飬ǲҪ׻ʺԪΪãϾǣһЩԲø֪
ǰָһҶ˸ڡ
Сӣǰ;֮Ҳûָмӣǿߵָһ;϶Ȼ°빦ԱߵԪЦһ
ƽʱѵ˵仰ΨһΣ㵥ôãѵá׻һ˵
ҶԶ಻ĵͰݣ͸һ˿ζ
λսʴ˵֮зʲôֵ𣿡Ҷʵ
ҶͲҪǴˡҪ˵ֵ飬ûСԪʳ˼Ƭ̣˵
˵ֵ飬ҵǷһ׻΢΢ü
ʲô飿Ҷüëһ


626 ʵļɻ
׻ʡԪʺҶĿ⽻ţÿжиԲͬ뷨׻ʺԪʵǣãҶֻһʣֻǲ֪Ҷڻʲô
˵ֻܿһλħҪֱ׾ٵ顣ֻҪ񼶵ħܻܿǣħȴ֪ΪΣٳûжЩūѰʲô׻°ͣصħĿģ²Ҫܿô򵥡
ܿǾԪǲңԶ׻ʵԪǸεħоŸ֮࣬һħܿûԪ֮ǰܽܿǻ𣬵Щħȴٳûô⾿Ǻԭ
ܿǾĳһħǷǳҪõĶǼô׵õģħǳٳûлܿǡ
Ҷ뵽ָ⴦öѪеܿ顣
ĪħҪõģöܿ飿
Ҷ뵽ʲô׻ʿҶʵ֪Ҷı޲͸¶һЩѶϢ
λսʴһܿǾ⵽˾ūΧȻǰλҶüͷ΢壬ʵ
׻ʺԪʵͷʲô𣿡
ûУλǰбطɣҶѯʡ
ǵȻǼȻܿǣȻһЩֶεġ׻ŵЦԪҲһԵ˵ͷ
λܿϣһҪСģмǲҪκˣڡҶ֣صԽԽãܿط򵥡
׻ʺԪһۣЩȣҶ⻰͸˼ʵЩζˡҶɵķΧ̫ˣҲڣ
Ŀǰ൱ŵģΪܿΨһһһػܿǣ¸أǴĺ֮꣬ΨһԸҲֻػܿѡ
Ҷ⻰ˣҿ˻˵ǿŵġ׻ЦЦΪȻص񶼲ţܿ군ˡ
ϣ˰ɡҶ̾ϢҲֻԾڴˣٶ˵ʲô׻ʺԪʷá׻ʺԪȻѡ񣬵ǲȫҶĻһ£㹻ˡ
Ҷ׵˵İ£һСԺסǴСԺ׻ʺԪʵסԶûʲôԸ֮ǰҶʲôˣֻǱôԼΪûġ

ԪǣԪ½ʥǡ
ÿһ죬ﶼһһ˴Ӷ½ǨһЩ뿪ʥǣǰԪ½ء
Ҷңϻ񳯾ѾǳȻĴˣǰݷõĹﲻ
´֮УҶĵϣǳˮ鿴ǳˮӰ
ͨǳˮڶսǶһ⡣
ʥҶҴ˾ʵڲ׵˴ģɺΪ˽Ԫ½Ἣ˷Ԫ½ԴҽرԪ½ڣЩ޼ɵؽԪ½ˣʴǳˮߵ˵
ʣ⻰Щ˰ɣʥҶҽԪ½֮ȷʵռ˺ܶԴûҶ˲űвٶǻں϶ȳʮţռõԴӦõĲ𣿡ѩҪΪ͹رԪ½ڣδ˺ģ
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λսʴ˵˼ǣͥҪԸҶңҶüȻҶ˲űʵǵͥȻĶ֡


627 ǰ
ˣʴ˲ԸҶңԪ½ʱħвǻǾԲڶģȻڶһЩֶδѹҲ֮Сľҡͷ
ڶսʷ׷׵ͷһ֮Ľ
ѹҶҿԣǹرԪ½˾٣ʵ̫ˣɱҶҶ˺ǵӣҶսȭͷһ⡣
ǲصģȻҪرԪ½ڣһЩ񺣾ȥ½ͿȷǱߵ˲ܻϮˣر֮󣬵ͥҲܲˡľʵ΢΢һЦ
ľʵ˵ĻҶһķʽܽһЩ
Ҷ룬һЩ˰Ѹס常ԼڶҶ˶ӹɣȻһЩ񺣾ȥЩڶ½ǵӡ
һεΣȻûҶҺǵ˽ǣǸ߸ϵʣҶвһ˿ǿҵѹȸУΨӵ㹻ʵпȨѬ˶ԿһҪҶҺǵøǿУ
Ҷͷеʽȫֻʣһʱ䣬ɶ˾ɶ˽˵
ҶѸٵشռ˾ǧӰʱ䷷լԺȵȫ˳ܹһɾ˽ֻҪҶҡǵԼһҪ츳ȫ˽Ȼ˶ʮ񺣾ǵͱǶԿػµˡ
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˰ʱԪ½½ĳȫرˡ
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Ԫ½½ĳڣһֱرյģ뵽ҶͷĶˡ
һΣҶս졢ҶҶս۵˶Ԫ½ֻҶսҶսӥҶɽػʣЩˡΪжʮǿҶս졢ҶǲǼҶɽѾҪˣҲ͵ͷͬԪ½
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ڸһҶ֮Ҷһ̤ǰص;
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ԪԪ½̵һߣһԪ䣬Ԫ½ٻԪ½ٷ֮ʮϵԴۼԪǡ
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ֵܣԪǰɣʮԪ½ʮλʮλˣԪ½ڱˣһߵҶߣŶһͬʮֳ羴֮ɫ
ҶһԱˣǳᣬ֪伸ΣһװԵӢ
Ǹ˼ҶԼЦһ¶һڰҽƣһ죬ҲҪΪһ񼶵ĴڣػԪ½˵ⷬʱΪϡƽƺžԵţԼһܹΪǿߡ
ҶüÿɷŹͷöˡ


628 ŵ
ֵܣҪξ𣿹ٵԪΪսÿһսʿҫƿҶڴʵ
ˡҶҡͷ˳ŽֵǰߣԪܹҲôֵصԪĹ㳡ϡ
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ô˵ҶػӦһҪԪǣҲûҪȥԪһСԼ˽ôӰ㲻ΪԪף
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ǽˣƴչҶߵЩԵͥͷǸ飬ڵͥҲǼţ˵ǻں϶ȴﵽ50ϣԪѾˣһνؾѾ˵죬ڳ
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٣ôɣˡʱƲ֪ʲôط˳Цеشչ
ȻЩͥ𣿡ҶЦЦؿ˵


629 
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׼ھͽҶصʲô׼ߵġ
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ҵô㻹Ҹţиʲôô𣿡ҶЦЦؿƣƵϢͨƬʱ䣬Ѿ̽鵽ôϢ
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ҿҶ֮ôڣΪҶ˶Ҷ޺ɭȻص
սʶδ̬һٶʮλսʸּǻǼעһС
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Ǻ֮Уƺе㱦⣬Ųٱ
ҶЩûʲôȤһ·ڶڷӡ


630 Ⱥ
ܣ׷Ҷ־ٳջһһ⣬Ҷ̶ֱ
ǻգٶȿ衣
ҶûȤЩ˾ǼֱӬһ㷳ˣȻǻں϶ȳʮţҶŻܹԸģ滹ôˣΧ֮УǾЩ鷳ˡ
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˿Ҷ³˴нһݣСҶˡ
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ҶȻкܶƷص֮󣬵ķüޣҶֻƾڵȥ˵֮ʵǳѣĻǳӡ
ֱʩչ껤壬ҶźùһЩˣ֪졢ߵĵطһʲô硣


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634 µ
ʶϹҶҲеãȻˣ˸Ϲʵ̫ˣϸϸһЩ𣬱͵ȵȣЩĲü֮ɫҲЩͬϹһĮ֮߰ǰˣȴһ崺ĸо
ǰ翣ֻһӰѡ
Ҷһֱ֪ϹֻϹʮأϹӦôһЩϵġ
֪˵ǸϹ˭ҽǸ˵ЦڿĲұˣֻҵʱµһ
ǰˣȻǴ˵е͸ڵص¥ԪһֻһѣѾˡ
£һЩɻ󣬲֪ܷҽ𣿡ҶһʵĻἫΪѵã
ʰɡֶںХķ졣
Ԫǰ꣬ΪʲôҪλһ𣬽ϻǿ֮УĪϻʲôܣҶʵһСԪţҶܹ֪õʱƸϻΪóģǸ͵ϻ֮͸оˣֻ֪ǸĿǰš
˿Ҷû뵽Ҷһ⣬֮󣬵Ҳ޷ǿ֮УÿһĴڶص壬ǻ껹ħǿ֮зϢֻΪ˸ԵȡĿռ䣬ÿһ嶼ԼԴ޹ءħΪҪǻ꣬Ϊ֮ضսȻһЩǳֶΣҲǵѡ
ΪսһЩǳֶνϻ
Ҷüƺ֮ⷬУҶȴ޷ᣬҪ֪ܣ֪𰸡ҶԽԽоϻǾĳЩ˵ܣȻʮǿ߽ϻؽǿյ顣
Ը޶࣬йǧִط֮Уֻǵ죬طʺ㣬ܵڰǵھ죬һЩջ񣡡ԶĿԶ䣬мʺǻں϶Ϊ0طܲȥҪԼˡ
ڰǵھ죿
Ҷ֪ԼִܲܵôߵĲΣɳ磬ѾǳˣҪ˷ɳþҪǳǿ־϶Ѷȹ
Уһ־磬޿ռšɫ˵ֱ֮ʱҲһЩȻԪǵں֮УȴޱСĴڣ޷㣬նڼƾôҲеһƳ
վǺɫޱߵԭҰϣԣ·˿̵ľּң·һֿµ֮оһ˿˴
ǹ·ҪҶʹȥ
ҶоӰ£ԼھŸϵ忪ʼƬƬǱʹ࣬ĵȥۿžŸ嶼Ҫǡ
ÿµһ־磡
֮ǰһ־磡
ȥܹҵǧ־磬ţֻ
ûȻһĴڣҲȥ
ܱ־Ӱȥ
Ҷüͷȫ亹ʪ͸Ϊʹ࣬ļҵš
Ҷ͵񣬼תڵľǣǧ֮Ȼôʮٵ棬֮
Ҷۿɼٶȸţȴӿǿҵ
ʼãȴڵأһһҶüͷ·𿴵ҶһȽȽգĹԡ
ĪҴˣİ岢ǹڿռţҶ˵Щʧǡ
Ǹʱǰ壬ǰ㣬Ȼǰȴˣѡ˼𡣡Ҷ˵
ǰɡһĨͣ˵ͷЦ츳Ȼˣ
һ֣ɫԭҰѸٵȥˣεƮƮԭݼŵƽԭϣ˲̲𣬰ٻţʤա
ҶѸٵػָˣɻ󣬡ءһǷ
ͬһҶѸٵػָţڻָĹУҶоԼֱǿþˣΪھŸϵ岻ϵطܣǾѸٵ»
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أ
Ϊһ·ͻƣֱأΪصľȻˣǿµĶ
Ҷڴ֮У̧ͷǷȥֻǵɫĻѾȫһģɫƽԭ𣬷ƽ͵ͬɾһ㡣
ҶԭΪ޿ռţʵȻ޿ռŵʱ̣ȴһľ磡Ըо͸ǿ
ҶкȻһԺȻðһͷĪûܿҵһּȥֶΣ
ȥ
˭֪ˣԪ½ѾܾûϢˡ
Ҷ뵽Ϲ󣬵漴ҡҡͷϹȻú񣬵˻һЩġ´Ϲ󣬵ǿȥһʡ
ҶϵعؾΪ
֪ܲܶԸˣҶֱϵƳ׻ָ
ãҶһվ
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Ҷһ֣˱㷢ҶټѸٵش߰˹
Ȼôͳˣ
ǻΪֻڹһܾأ˴Ƶɤһ߻ӰҶ
Ҷɿתڵľǣ˿ھϣһ̵ͻȻ۳ʮɵЩɵϵҶ裬͸ɱ֮
ԣһͻȻоҶϵϢһ˿ı䣬ǿϢħļηģ
ಣһɵ˼ȥ
黯Ҫ㿪ɵ
ұҶȡ
һɵǹɳɨ˲佫Ӱϯ˽ȥ
˷Ĳҽɵ̺֮Ϣµģ̵ˮǵϣǵϵرϢʴš
ɵЧ֮ǰҪǿһЩ
ӰȻܲ˵سԼҶѸٵصӶܲϵɵಣһɵ籩һ㲻ϵӰ
䣡ɵըĳӰ˽ȥ


635 ֱ
Ҷһδ߶ٻڻ˵ֻޣҲһԵȥսš
˼ֱƵҪǸҶһΣӦֵܹû뵽ҶͻȻһηϢΪҲ֮ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬ǷɵһǸ㶼㣬ֻӲ
ûǴҶֽڻ˵ֻٻ˳һٻֱֻ֮ǰҪǿ˺ܶࡣ
ͷϵرֻޱᣬϵϢ˥ȥ
ϾֻħļѣڵħûгΣʵҲʮޡ
ǵģ˱ߵشأǵը޴ĺӰ֮Уǵ̬֮ǰ͵ĺ۾мƣֻֻһͷûʵ塣
ϵϢϵɱȼǿߣһ㡣
Īħı壿Щһû֮󣬾Ѿӵ˵Ϊ
ͷųڵħ㻹ܵõȥҪ㣡ֻצץ£أڻˡϬֻצлΪĩ
ֻצӳҶץҶоԼܵϢˣȫ޷
군ˣҶףĿǰΪǸܴùħģΪǲһǰ㣬ҶЩʣȻֻһˣǿ񵶾Ҫʧˡ
ǰһӺҶΪԼҪˣʱɳͻȻ
ħҲҴأһׯϵͳ
䣬ɳȻ仯һֲг֣ಣֻɳ֮УֻüһҽУ˲䱻ɳ˺Ƭ
ɳ֮Уֻħһ㷴ĻᶼûС
ֻɳûҶ΢΢һ㶣漴ˡ
Ԫãר߽ģ˽ʱ̬ûбҶı֮£ǻ˱壬ħϢһ֣ͱԪµĽɱˡ
˵ǵսʼħҲ·һ
ҶһЩħȻǿħӦͽ׵֣䱾ѾǵˣҿĲǳħ
ҶȻѾħע⵽ԼԺҪСˣ
ҶƬָ̣һϵƣȻվԶڷӶȥ֮ҶԽˡǧ䣬ܹ첢ܹڵôطָôλǿ߶ѡ

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ʶǰϣһϮ׻ĳۣɢʥĹԣһʥһ㡣
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ңֻҶһѣɱԼҲûʲôµģʽԼȫƿˣ
Ҷʱ򣬲ûбȻʿҶһֱڲûܵʲôֵĿ
ʴ˻£ҶԱߺȵ
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һǿĻ֮ѹȶһ̲סҪݵĳ嶯
ҶȻƵľȻ֮κ¹
ˣӣĬȻƬ̣ƽ˵вһ˿ŭ
ؽӰ˹
Ҷ̩Ȼ
֪ʴʲô飿ҶϷʵ˵⣬һ£Ҵ˵ͥһʴ˽Ѻ⵽
ҶҶ˲űԪ½ΪҪļ֮һΪ峤ϣܵΣ̵ҶΪԪ½ףܺаԵΪʵׯ¡
ʴˣҶ˶ʲôаԵΪ飿峤ģû˵Ҷ۾΢΢ϸʼȻҪѹҶң˵ǣֺα˵ôûʣЩλȨصˣα
һɱʵһԣıеĲƲҲǣҶҽŰʦΪɣôսʣΪƭƽϻǣٻʡΪðսϻǣʼ˼˵ģɱҵͥӵܣһǻں϶ȳʮţδпܻΪһսʣΪԪսɳȴɱˣ˵ȲбΪܹϢ
ЦҶĿȻݲȵصʴˣĸλ͵ͥ鱨ôһ֪ǷǰɣһʵһԼҪԸңȻҪԸңҲдڶսʣЩսĸʹǲҶҵѶѣҲֻΪҶҶ˵乫ʽƾԼܲͶ϶ɣδҲ̫ˣƹԼûзֱǷǵֻǱҼտڰ׻ͱƭϻȥĵطĪƹСɣģôΧңҲֻǷѣкδοյͥɷֻҪԪ½ɱ˶˶ͥ޹أô
Ҷһһ⣬
ɣһ
ʴˣʵҲסҶ˲űտ϶ᵮܶսʣԪǵĹأ㲻ܰҶôֻҶңҶµŶΪãҲǣҶǹһ˿̵Ц⣬ʵ
Χƣ˿飬һӣֻΧǷ׷£ֻʣʺҶˡ
ҶһˣҸ·ߡһѰ·ҶͶͥܵͥԼʵ˲ɵļ
ʱʲͼذ
һ⣡
ʲô⣿
ǻ֪𣿡Ҷɫصǻİţ޻˵ǻİţʴôǻô
ʵ·Ҫ͸Ҷһ㣬ӴǻꣿĪҶạ̊́Բ޿֣
ͲܸʴˡҶЦЦصȻûӴǻֻ꣬Ǽٽǻ֮ɵˡ


636 
ǻ겢֪ҵͥǻƹԪ½꣬Ϊĵ֮ͥľһҪǻϿɣǻвĵطԤɣЦһ
ҲһֻϺ꣬һ仰㽫ƵһɶˣһǻǲģֻںһЩ˵ΪսʼǻӰѾСˣ֣Ҳֻһ߶ѡ
ʴˣѡأ׼ɱңȻҶֲ׽ֻͥ˵úסǵ޷Ҷǹģǵķŭ
ҵȻнİ취ʵһЦʱԽܶ鷳ˣʮʮЩޱ𡣶ңЩǻں϶ȳʮţֻҶҵˣкܶಢҶӵܣǶδضôҳϣҪֻǺܼ򵥣
ʲ֪ǣΪںҶ˻ǵӣҶĹǵ꣬򶼲ǱҶ
ҪʧˣҴҶ˹˳ǲܵģɱңҶҵֻվŻʣҿǻ̫ãеϺͿˡֻ֮ͥǻģһлҪǻ˵㣡Ϊ˶Կħǻ϶ҶңΪҶӿֳŶóǻǻҪָʱٹ⣬ͱҶңҶңϵʣصڵͥͥطѾ಻ˣѾûеµսˣ
󵨷Ȼ˵ŭˣˣû˸Ҹô˵ĵ⣬Ҷǿһ̶ȵʱҶȫˣȨλʮλʮλ£һȻ˵㣬ҶȴսȨ
ʴˣɵذѺ⵽ѵҪֹ˵ɣҶŭһʴδҲ̫Եˣ
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𱰣ʴΪǵ֮ͥޱ󣿶ˣ֣Ӧʣƾʲǲ˵ʲôҲ˵ʲô˵˵ȨûôܱǸʴˣҲ֪𱰣ҶŲʲôȨλֻ֪ʻǻ꣬ж˸Ϊ˵Ȩ˭Ҳϥ
ʵĹͥӦƹԪ½ģԪ½˶ҪյͥĹ£Ҷҵв˵ͥĵλӦ÷ӵͥĹ
ҶʵĹҶսǵͥǲҶңҶҲô㶯ҶңҾ͸ûꡣ
ҶĹʵĵޣͬʱʵľٶҲǴҶĵޣΪҪƿҶңҶ˵ǲ̵ģȻҶһûеһλսǿߣҶȻκˡ
֪㻹һأһϻǣ޿֣ҪףҪץǸ׾٣ϻǸصԪ½ҲʱᱻץһǳˮշֻǳˮϣصһЩӰ
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ҶȻȥˣ
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ʿڴ˹ҶɫòҶעҪΪĸ֮ˣ
Ȼ˴ص죡
Ϣʱ˳һ㣬Ԫ½贫еսʺ͸ǿ߶ڹע¡ܶ˶ڴʲô˽ص졣
ǽصģѧǿޱȵĴطն֮УδĴܼڣܲ⣿
ѩʡľʵ˵֪Ҷ˵죬ݵľ㵹һΪܣ첻ҶңҶ죬϶õЩǿǵĹעҶ־Ҫһˡ
Ҷǻں϶Ϊ0Ȼܹ죬˶Щ⡣
νص죬Ҷֺܿ촫Ԫ½֮ģҶұʿƵϢѩʵ˵ƶ£ҲѸٵشԪ½˶۷׷ס
Ԫ½ʵһ㶼õأΪЩ˳ɳ֮󣬶ΪԪǵΪԪǵı񣬵ȴҶҶҿⲻɻ
ʿҶɫĪ
ȥɣһ
ǣѺҶȥ
Ҷĵڶص죬һЩʼδı仯Ҫȷûע£ŻнһĶ
Ҷȥ뿪֮ǰҶϵʣݵЦЦתˡ
ҶıӰɫֻһصѣΪҶԸô̫ˣٵ⼸죬ʱ򱾻а취ʰ㡣
᰹
Ƭ̣һ欵ٸ߽˴͸Ϣ޲ʾţҲһλսǿߡ
ᰣǸСѧѧôʿǸٸʵ
ʴˣСǻں϶ȳ70ţսѧʱ񺣾Ϊһѧ֮Լӽ̵ΪͻͽѾͻغءңҲѾȷѪ֮Ѫ۴Ҳע⵽Ϊϲ
Сǻں϶ȳ70ţȴǴҶҳģҶҵ˼鲼˵ͥʮսܲʼɵвһҪģǾȴӼѧСʼ
Сǻں϶ȳ70ţҶȻ˵ͥЦҶǧ㣬©һ㣡
ҶСͽѧû뵽ʻԸҶң֪ĻҶǾԲôġ
ǽ̵ô
ʴˣܣͼҶնģֻǺҶĹϵǲСԴ˷ܴ󣬷ΪǻŮˣҽԶ֪ҶСӸʲôԻǶҶأ᰿յ˵
ֻСӶѣʵдһ˿ŭ᰾ȻС㲻ǳʧ
ǵģʴˣСĶ׽̵ΨҶ飬ޱȼᶨҶǺˣ˵ʲôûã᰾̵ؽ͵
üͷСҶ֮ĸ鲻һ


637 ڰ죡
Ҳ²⣬СܱܿҶʩĳֶΣսʽеĹƵҶϡ
ˣȥɡʰ˰ֵ
᰼ûйһؾһȥ
СҶҲȫҶأҲ֪ҶʲôֶΡʳƬ̣ʵڲУǾֻ÷ǳֶˣһطĨȥһЩ˵ļ䣬û˼䣬½̵Щ˲ҶңֻСѾע⵽ˣǶСʩչͱҪСģʲôѱС
⣬Ҷĵص죬Ҳһ鷳£Ҫ취ԸҶС
Ԫ½˵Ŀⶼ۽ص죬֪ҶʲôʱǶ۷׷ףһص죬Ҫһ²пܻһִط
죬硣
Ҷոս죬ܵǿµıŰ
ϵĺ䣬ϻϵȣìܵߣֱޱȡ
κζﶼòһ֮һһ˲䱬Ϊޡӵ֮һҶоǿҵķ֮£·Ҫѿһ㡣
ܵǿµı֮ҶϽ߶׻ͱַתҶŸоһЩȻӲ޷
׻ǱޱȸĹַͬʱеʱҶоڵҪһ㡣
һܹʮҶ컹ǵһη֣ϵΧıֻ֮Ҷұ߾պһ̣ǽ˺ı˪
ֿµʹһ㣬Ҷƾżᶨ־֧ţתʱƣҶھתĹɾǷЩת䣬ϵͻϵ˫һ㣬Χת
𣡡һֲŭ֮Уֻ;޴Ļ޳Ҷ֮ڣһֻǰɫıܣһֻǾ޴Ļֻ޶ʮס
ֲҶΧҶ˿ֻ̼ܶ޴нѡ
ֻ޻ɱܿܽɣ
ͷҶ֮мޱǿҵ֮ǰƬɫԭҰ֮ľͻȻһ̼˳
ȥɣҶһһĳһ֮Ȼͬʱ̺˱ͬʱһ˵ڣ˾쳽ҶͨȫֽͬȻ෴ǹͬڡ
䣡
ƾ͸ǱܺͻҶһ֮صһըǵѸٻޣƾʧԭǲʵĻޣǱ֮е
һ֮ƽʱҪǿҶвһЩᣬԭǿôõġ
ڱд죬ҶоıҲ޷Ӱ쵽ˣ𣬳صڰڷɱȥ֮ҶջķᣬﲻԪĵطÿһö⣬ҶΪ˺ܶ࣬Ҷ뿴صڰ͵ھ쵽Щʲô
ವһҶ뿪˱磬صڰ졣
Ԫ½ţصҶܹڵʲôطʱŹ죬صڰƾȻ
ʲôǸҶϳ壬ȻѾصڰ죡
ôЩǿҲûϵڰ죡
Խ֮⣬ϵڰ죬˶Ѿǰǿˡ֮⣬ˣû뵽Ȼ˽˵ڰ죡
ǸҶΪǻں϶Ϊ0ĻԾˣ
᲻ǻᾧˣҶǻں϶Ϊ0ôôʱڽ
Ҷǻں϶ǲΪ0˶ȷҶӵڰһԻ켶Ĵطò˶Ϊͻͻͽֱﵽľ磬УҲָ
ǲĳ׿ţ
ЩսʡǿߣҲޱĽڰζҶкܴܿõһĴطصڰĴطǿޱȣͨط޷
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ʱͥС
ϷʮϵӰеķǳᣬе뷢԰ףӢ꣬Ҳз̴ٸ͸Ϣȴޱׯʥ
ԪǵʮλԪ½ǱǴ˵еĴڣƽʱһȴʮλͬʱˡȻЩֻǿǵӰ񣬴ʱʮλıȻǧ￪⡣
ʮλ½Ǹ·
Ӱݼλˣعʮλǿߣǵ֮ͥʣҲκһ˿ľٶ
磬˵˸ոսصڰ죿һĿߴʵһɫֶۣһʮ֮׵ۡ
۵ʵʮǵ֮ĵһսպգǧɱħ֪͸һɿ͵İԵ֮
ǵġʲӦ
˵Ǹ˽Ҷǻں϶Ϊ0һٸģŮЦʮеۣʮβèһ壬Ȥúܣҵмֺ棬˵ܴﵽʲô̶ȣ֪Ρ
˵һʱС˲ű˺üǻں϶ȳ70ţ׼һЩӡ۵Ŀζؿһʣ磬˵ǸҶѧ񾳷һţӦúղǣܶ˲׵ֶΣ˰ɣҶңҾҶҵ˶ͦ壬ֻҪʩӶݣǱж¡
ǣǵӴӻ˷ҶȻЩģҲֻܹӦȻʱ˵һʣ۵ǰȴֻԵơ
˵èһСУһǻں϶ȳ70ʮβèҶӣҹ۲һʱ䣬ΪϲĵЦȻ˵ʱ洺磬ȴôʡ
ǶЩˣΪȨȻҪһ죬ƿҶңǲ̵ġ
ôʲôŶҶйأǸҶӣֻ֪Ҷϵǳû뵽һԷޣƵҪΪ֮ͥ㾽ȹССҶҶˣ
磬ҶصǸңҪһʣصڰ쵽ѧʲôط۳˵
ǣǿߣֻвķݡ


638 ھ졤
Ҷм˼֪ܲһԣԪֻһˡˣԪһֱû½񣬱ϾѾˣһֱƲӣԪǳΣУʱһЩ˲ˣǻں϶ȴﲻ75ҲԱһɫ۵˵ۣȻڶϵģʱʱѾˣֱĳȴȻǳᣬ޷κεĺۼǷһط¡
ǻں϶ȴﵽ75񾳽磬ǻں϶ȴﵽ75ʵ̫ˣҲòŵҪʵڲУֻԴǿ
λˣ˵ʥսϹǻں϶ȴﵽ82ʹͼñĻڶע⡣
Ϲ󣿡΢һüͷ
λ˴һۣԶĬ
ʾú֣ΪʲôЩ˵ϹʱͻȻͲ˵ˣĪϹʲôⲻɣ
ʮλûϹϼȥӶ½ǨӶ˲űҶңѯһСĽ֮ʮλӰ½
ʾϣû˿ı顣
Ƭֻ֮ءһ죬ηֱϣ˷ĩɼʴʱ顣û뵽ʾȻǱ
ˣ
ڣӦȫ񾭽Ǩŭǡ
ҶҶҵˣѹŭ
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ܿأͥ˶Ҷ˵ĿƣΪʲôһʲôҲû˵һսǶµˣӦĳҶǲ֪ǣʮλע⵽ҶҶصڰʵ̫ˡ
ɽ֪Ϣʱ򣬴ȴһΣҲûܰҶô͸ˣԸҶңע⵽Ҷң˭޷赲Ҷҵˡ
ʶӴˣٹ£רĽ̵ӡ
һ֪Ϣ֮󣬱Ѫһ𣬶ҲûϢ
ѩʡľʵʮսʣϻ񳯹ΪҶϯӷϴҶ񣬹Ҷҵִ˵ѸٵشԪ½
ȻҶˣǽԪ½ͨȻûп˵ҪԪ½ͨر£ֳϦģʾ澡ʧˡ
ȻҶӮһ֣ҶȻûеκγǿߣǸ¶ˣʵҶҲҶרⶼ˺ܶࡣ
ҶͥץߣҶҵĳ裬ȻʻǰҶˣһ֮ҶҵԼǵĵף㵽Ԫ½ҶҲǸǡԪ½еֳͥڣʱвҶҡȫܷ񵱳ʱвʱһ
ʱܿ͹ȥˣԪ½ȻڹעǱߵ״ǶԤţ֪Ҷʲôʱܴصڰ֮ѧʲôط
⼸Ԫ½˲෹̸ʣԪ½ǰȥݷʥҶҵ˱Ƕŷǳһ㣬ôҶصڰҶԪ½ĵλȫһǻϽʾã
¹ȥ˶ڴҶʲôʱʱΪ˵һĻˣصھΧ
ҶȻ˵ھ죡
˶ɵˣĪҶһεԪֻ֮һ˽صھ죡˺Ҳû˽ȥԪ֮λһֱȱš
Ҷǻں϶ȲΪ0˶Ժԥ˵ҶһȻ˿̣жһЩɻҶ׻᲻һ
Ԫ֮λѾȱ˺ܾã˭ǻϿɣΪԪǵͽһڵĴ£ֻ쵼ԪǿʢܰԪǰħв
Ҷصھ죬ܹܲУ
ʱûˣϵǿߣµգ˶ضصھ죬ʲôʱҶصھԪ½ҪôһλδǿߣҪôӭһε
꣬˶żĵصȴţѾǧ꣬Ҳںʱ䡣
ʱصھ졣
Ҷĵոսصھ죬֪Ԫ½ǶǶôڴ˶ϣ˿̵ֱҪñԼ顣
ص֮Ҷ˱ɳֲı磬Ǻһ𣬼ֱҪըһ㡣
ȻڵѰҶҧ˵ڰ죬ڰŸֲ磬ǵߵҪ˺ƬҶ弸α˺ãƾžûаڵڰ졣
ڰ쵽Ƿܾ֮࣬ȫǿޱȣȻҶʼվò⣬Ϊ쳽Ѿ㹻ǿˣѧЩطôһЩߣҶھ죬ֻԪȥĵط
ͬԽһһ磬ҶЩˣΪʲôؾ졣
Ҷھһ̿ʼҶעԪ½ӵгȻĵλΪֻԪҶΪҲǽӴԪ½߲ܡ
ŤһʱͿռ䣬½ֻһ΢紵Ҳһл˲ܽƬ
ۣۣۣҶϡϻ֫һѪߣκηԵĶﶼõģһƷħսףҲᱻ˲ѡ
ʱ֮˵Ҫﵽ磬Ҫʱյ
ʱǰתϡ·𿴵ܻ
ҶûеֿǱĿΧﻹԪλµʱյƣ˿գȻʱ޿̱һаʱ֮
صھ죬Ǵ˵е磬һ˿˿ʱյƣֵܵͨżʮĿޡ
ҶʱȥˣĿϵسҵʱ֮УԪλµʱյơ
ԶֻؾһƬ޼ʵǿգԶǵ㣬Ҷô֮УȫһƬѤĽ⣬ͷ·һźһ㣬Χ˾ſǵӰ
һʱյҶϻѪ˿Ƭ֮Ҷϵ˿»ָǹʱ֮͸Ҷڡ
ʱյ⣬ﵽǳ֮һЩҲ˻ǳǳϵǳ֮ҪŨöࡣ
һ»ûκηӦͱиƬˣЩܹʱյƵŶԣȴһѵص㣬ﾲһ죬ȱ˾һΪûҪ죡
ѹԪٶԶҪö࣬ҲǾӹΰ
Ҷоܹشٽʱ֮գԼöʥ˳һ˻ʥһʱյơܹʱյƣΪͻǳˡ
ʵ°빦Ҷʱ׼ȥˣΪߵĲ˵


639 
ҶǱ֮ʣӰ֮УһԪһ
е˽ˡԪǰ˵ڷ裬ȫһ޵״̬
ȻԪλ
ܽģӵˣǵʱǻں϶ȶ˰ʮǻں϶Ϊ0֪ǸǻЩǵصӵ飬ʸʱ֮Ϊ۷ǿߣͬӵҲԳΪµħ
ǾͲعˣȻأҳھ죬ǻӦ֪ģǻ˵Ѿ˰ţֻֻҪܹǵʹͿˣԪǵȻƵЦ֪ܲµʱյƣ˵١
Ǿô֮УעԶҶ
ҶѾ˻Ȼҵľ磬ȴʱ䡣
ʥǣҶء
ﳵﲻǰݷҶҵ˲Ҷĵصھ죬һ˲õĴ£ȻҶǻں϶Ϊ0Ŀǰ֮λȱ£ҶпܳΪˡ
ϣͥʾ˳Ĭ
˶ڵȴҶĵسʱ̣صھųҾҶҲҪŻҶܲܳΪҲҪǸʱŻ֪ˡ
ҶĵһҶҵһԺ֮һǳˮصھţʾصھ졣
ֻԪ˵ھ죬֪ʲôܡ
Ҷ˼ʱһϢҲǺ䶯Ԫ½
زģһأֻǿ߽롣
ʱ˿̣صھΧҲζţĳ޻޴صھ죡
ͬҲԪ裬طصھͬҲһ磬صھͬҲܹ֮λ
Ԫ½˶ޱȼܣĪԪ½ʱھţһλ֮λԪ½ӵһλµ
ǵĿǰΪֹǶ֪صھ˭
ҶصʱȻϰٸ˸أڵڶʱҶͰҪôɵҪôˣ˶ȷϣصھҶɣǱߵȴЩͬ
ҶصھϢȥûãԪ½󲿷ֵǷ׷ֹͣȫغء
һٶ츳׿ǿ߽أŵǣһ쾹Ȼʮ˴صϣ졢ڰ졢ھ춼ˣ
֪صھһ˻иˣֻһ˵ĸʱȽϴ󣬱Ͼھ첻ܽȥġ
֪Ǹصھ˭ͥ͸ս֣֮һصģսУǻں϶ȳʮҲ٣иҶйģռһϣ
֪Ҷصھ֮һ顢һëëëëëëأ⻹а꣬ĸԱ½ľǿߡ
˭صھ죬ǾͲǺˡ
ôصھкܴǸҶйġ
ԴҶҵԪ½֮Ԫ½˼ĸı䣬𼸺ǱȻģǲ֪Ҷܷһλˡǵͥ˿ҲܴѹҶˣҶҼΪԪ½ϣ
Ԫ½ȴһεѾȵ̫ˣ
ͥҶ޿κΣЩҶԵˣȻһ伣ˣҶҲ鷳ǾѾޱˡ
ʱصڰ졣
ŵڰʹĥҿѾʮβèһʮ֮壬ǿֵסĿֲ
꣬ļֻܵˣǻȥɣ
Ȼȥ㻹νصĻᣡһЩڰĶ߿ĵ˵Իñﰢ档
˿̵İȻЩǱͷЩңȻβסǾգһɫͬһ˿£ɣ˼ӡ𴦣ǽϸļһ㷢ӯӯĹ
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Իñ֮Уļڲҡͷ̾ϢҶ֮ҲмΡȻʵƢܾ϶˵ʮͷţҲ
ǿµ֮Уɫᶨһһھš
̬İ꣬䣬ˣһ˵ģĴʻ಻Ϊ˿һ۾Ͳݽȥ
ᶨǰУһ·ӣԶȥصھѾңңˣ֪˭֮ǰ̤صھ죬Ҳԥسصھ˽ȥ
һغصĵھ죬һ㶼Ϻܳһʱ䣬ԪλµʱյƣǷǳһ
ܹءصھˣնпܻжΪԪǵ
ܵҶ˵ļ½и˴غأҲ볢һ£ܹڼ죬Ȼ󲿷ڵ֮ǰˣȻҲвػ˲ĴС
£ҶҲ˽Ҳ׷ǰغء
ʥǣҶĵһԼ֮⣬ϵͷų꣬ںϣܹͳǻں϶ȳʮţҶ£ÿһʱ䣬Ҷһǻᵮһǻں϶ȳʮš
Ԫ½رյڣʱܿ͹ȥˣԪ½ĳٴοһʲûж˵ʲô˿ҲѾףѹҶûõġ
Ԫ½һҶһʱ׬Ӱֱ½׼ɸ˹
½Ҷɽȡ
ҶҶɽȣҶɽ״ʱҶ˷ŭ
ҶɽѪɺӣʬ壬һϤףҶİԶ廹Щڶ½ȫˣҶ±˵ĶʮߣǵʮоסаҲǱ¾˼һ㡣
ڶҶսҶսӥҶҶɽȺǵгУûҵǶ˵Ӱ֪
˭˲̵ֶɱҶҺǵˣҶ뵽ʣкܴģʵˣ˭͵͵Ԫ½
䣡
Ҷʹһȭһȭɽɽϣɽ˲䱻Ϊƽء
˳𲻱ҶĲΪˣҶвѪ˿


640 Σյķ
ҶɽȺǵʮеź˵ʬ塣
ҶһƬǽҶɽȺǵһ˺Ѱʹǻ֮ӿ˫ĿһƬѪ졣
ҶǵãҶİԶԼʱǺͰЦݣҶİԶǸˣȻֻһͨҶҸ鼫
֮ǰҶҪҶİԶǶǨ㵽Ԫ½ȥҶİԶǼߣҶİԶЦ˵ԼѾˣʺԶУԸ뿪ôĶֿ
ЩҶ˵뷨ôػΪʲôµģҶûǿû뵽һ뿪
Ԫ½ڹرգҶ߷ʲôҶ֪Ǳ㲻ᷢĲҾ硣
رԪ½ڣᷢ飡
²ǲʸɵģʶѲ˸ϵ֮⣬Щɱ¾Ҷ˺ǵӵˣҶһŹ
ҶҶɽȺǵǳأϣܹҵҴˣһѰһֱܲһ˿ϢҶеŭܣʬм䣬һĸԼ彫ӻ£Էʵ̫ǿˣֱӴ潫ǻɱġ
һЩ˿ҶƶϳֵӦʮǿߣ
Ҷȭͷг˷ŭһȺǿ߾ȻЩ޷֮ûһΪƽֱ֣ɥĲ
ʬأϢһȥǱ
ԶһЩᵽʬϢ˷ӿ˹׼Щʬ塣ҶƾһȭȭһЩ޶ʱɢɽ
ಡһԶһӰ߷˹
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Ҷ磬ʲôҪģܿڡƶؿҶ˿̵Ҷ϶븴
ĬãҶɤͳؿڵʱҶҲᶯκˣò˶ǾͻḶ۵ģҶһ̫Сˡ
Ҷһڷһ˫֣ɽһĸɽ¡¡ȻհᵽҶɽ棬ɽȥҶְ˼ɽ彫ǵЩһһҶ˺ǵǵʬ屻ɡ
һĸɽһĹǲ
Ҷȥһ˱̨籵ĺһҲʧأһ˴żǧΪ˺һأȻһĽҲ֪˭õģֵܵסǿߵĹһֱֱҶŴ
ЩҴ˳űٵļ԰Ͳˣȫ۾˱ʹͷߺޡ
ҶѯЩֵӣǵĴȴҶΪʧҴЩ˸ûпɱߵӣɱ߶Щ񺣶ĺ˵ʵ̫ǿˡ
Ǹǣǽֻں׾УɱˡһشЩɱߵǿɫȻ԰ס
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ҶսȭͷٶԣЩҴȫǨԪ½ˡ
˶ǨϣǰԪ½ˣҶͷ½һۡ
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Ҷ磬ҾӦòģʵλ֮󣬸ûҪ顣ãջǿ˵Ҷɱ˫ۡ
ҶңԶĶ½ص㲻ʣҲҪһΣڻ֪˭ģûҵҶ壬ò˶ãǿ϶ԼģʱҪǸۣ
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ʳ˽ҪƿҶңر˳Ԫ½ڣڵĲҾ磿
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˵ص¥ƺûʲôǰ½ˣҶʱȥǸĵĵطˡ
ҶصϢʥǣҶ˺ǵӶǱ߽ӣΪ϶ʸɵģһͬ顣
Ҷ֮ųԿΪҶûһ֧ǿߣҪһսʣҶҲлȨ
˶Щ˺͵䣬ǲ֪ʱһЩ׽Զ뿪ǡ
ʱ䣬Ҷ˺ǵӶȫҶ棬Ǳš
ʱܿعȥ£ҶȻûյκιڶҶսҶսӥϢ
Ҷأ֮С
Ҷף˫ͷŵ󣬸ǧҶ˺ǵںǿҶܵΧӰԽԽСˡҶ񺣻ǲ͸⣬ȴѾˡ
һһоãҶоЩ϶һЩ;ֻһֱûзְˡ
Ҷ֣Щ̺֮ǿޱȵÿһ嶼Ľᾧ
ҶƽĵиһЩҶ˺ǵӲǻں϶ȡ
ǻں϶51Сӣǻں϶ͻ50ˣҶƽЦһСӵԴǸСҲҶˣڲʮꡣ
ҶƽԪ½һֱҶ£˺ǵӲǻں϶ȣ֣ԽСĺǻں϶ԽߣܸСǵйءԽСԽǿ
ʱ䣬ҶƽԼǻں϶Ҳͻʮ
ҶƽҶͻȻۣŲԶҶƽ
ҶƽҶæ˹
峤ʲô𣿡ҶƽҶʵ
ҶƽһܿԴһ˵ΪҲкܴķգȥһԸԵˡҶɫ֣صص
峤ɣҿԵģҶƽƬ̣ᶨص
ҶҶƽɫҶƽΣգҲ޷ȷʲôĺȷҪð𣿡


641 Ҷƽľ
峤Դҳڼһֱһпûʲôõˣ͸ҵһƽƽҴСûʲôõ츳Ϊ峤ҵǻں϶ȴﵽʮϣҵԻ̫ˣһطûѧᡣҶƽһֱ峤ǵıӻһξΪһЩװɣҶƽϿҵصۿЩ죬ȴޱȼ
Ҷƽ㲻ԷƱҶ̾Ѿúܺˡ
峤ȫҶƽϥأ˫ֱȭص
ҶƬ̣ͷǺãֻһγԣȻʧҲûʲôŲסһҪֱӸ˵ֹ
õġҶƽ֣صص˵ͷ
ҶʾҶƽԼǰ뵽ڵ֮Уڵ˳ҶƽǾ쳽е׵۾Ҷһϵ塣
Ƭ֮һ״ϵҶ֮ôƾյһ״еôһЩʶҴܣȴʼղ뿪Ҷġ
ҶƽۣؿҶ֮еϵ壬֪ʲôҶǴʲôطŪģԸоص״嵱У̺˿µ
ת׵۾Ҷ̧ͷҶƽ
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ҶҶƽ׵۾еòˣ׼ʼˡ˵Żеϵ壬ӡҶƽؿڡ
ǵ֮Ҷƽʱʹüͷϵ̺ޱȾǿһʱ޷գֱҪϵűһ㣬ҧǿš
ҶƽԼ侲ת׵۾ǵϵ̺
ҿ׵۾Ǹϵ׺͵ģȻϵ˲ܽҶƽ屬
ҶʱעҶƽ״оϵҶƽŰţûʲô˺˿ҶƽӦǷǳʹģҶƽֻǽüͷҧݣûпһ
Ҷҵûһث֣ҶҵĳСô̵ǡ
СʱܿȥˣҶƽϵϵ壬ɫЩ԰ףƲס΢΢Ѿŵ˼ޡ
ҶԸоǹϵҶƽڵ׵۾໥ڣУҶƽ׵۾һ־˵ٶѸٵš
յòԼԤһ
ҶţҶƽͻȻʹصͺ
ãҶʧɫҶƽȫںϵʱϵͻȻҵҶƽҵضԿ
ûں֮ǰҶԽϵҶƽѸٳڣҶƽѾȫںϵ壬ҶæҲΪʱ
䣡
Ҷƽϵ׹˸ΧδҶƽϵ׹֮˲
ҶϽʩչҶƽȫҶƽǵؿһҶƽ֪ҶƽܲܳŹȥ
ŲȥҶƽᱻϵֱӳű
ʱһ˵־
ھ޴ʹĥ֮£Ҷƽǿҧݣ˵ϣɫϣǿ񱩵ϵѾȫʧء
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СʱȥҶƽûתҶоҶƽѸٵţϵϢԽԽ
ô죿Ҷüͷļ٣ҪټȥҶƽܿҪŲȥˣ
ҶӦҶƽôΣյģ
ЩѾûˣ֪ʲô취ܹﵽҶƽ
룬һҲ˵
Ҷͷų꣬ҶƽڣܿѰǿеϵ壬ȫѹҶƽҶƽҧ֧ţѾһغˡ
˲סǵϵ塣
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ҶоǵϵԼǷǳ˳ӵģһҶƽоȣ
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ЩȫҡҶ뵽ƶ˺ܶ࣬겻ϵذϵ塣
Ҷƽ·оʲôϵת׵۾ϵ̺ΪãΪʼ᲻ͻơ
أأء
СʱҶƽϢڴﵽ㣬ΪҲֱͻƵ硣
ǰҶƽǻں϶ȴﵽʮ֮ΪҲضѣû뵽һϵ壬ΪֱͻƵϵЧǿޱȣ
ΪҶƽҲõ˼ĸı䣬ޱȴ޳˴˵еĴ֮塣
ǵΪϵ֮һ
˴֮壬ҶƽһƬ̹;ٶҲﵽ޷ĳ̶ȣ
Ҷƽ۾ȻҲʶı仯Ҷ֮󣬼ءͨһҶ£峤л峤ҵΪѾͻƵ磡
ҲѹҶƽ˼ⲻͨΪǴֱͻƵ㾪׵鷢ԼϣҶƽܲϲ֣
ҶƽҶ˸мͬʱҶһַиУҶһĳݺ;ѾԽ˼򵥵˶峤𾴣˿ҶȥҲһüͷ֪ǣϵں֮ҲڲԾظıġ
Ҷƽɣúܺãҧ֣ҾҲûãҶЦŵҶƽһҶƽϵĳԣһЩ飬ҲаˣҶ׼Ҷ˺ǵӵʣŬɣҶҵδͿǵˣ
峤һŬģҶƽ֣ص˵˿̵ǰ˼š
ҶƽȥҸԸԵҶ˺ǵӹҶҶƽ˵ھϵþˣȫԽҶ˺ǵȫһ顣
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ҶĿԶӽκοҶҵˣۣ
һһҶ˺ǵӱҶҶʼ壬ȻһҪСʱҶһ̶ûֹͣĵظÿ
Ҷأ˶Ǳĵţǲ֪Ҷʲôû˽֮ǰǶ˸λãȻʱţе١
ΪҶҸǿĿУҶߵ飬κ˶޷ҡĵϡ
Ҷ֪ǣһɷ糱Ѹٵǵ֮䴫󲿷˶ԼոĳҶǵٲȻҶҵķּûʲôˡ
κ˶޷ôһŽÿֲļܹεǿ
ʱƣҶҶ˺ǵٶԽԽ죬տʼֻܰһأҶͬʱ壬ٶȱ˺ܶࡣ
Ҷֻ֣׵۾˿ϵ壬׻˿ϵ壬֮Ҷľˮ־쳽ĹĵӣȻ塣
ʣֹҶû⴫һ˽ֹȫ룬Ǿ鷳ˡ
쳽İǾԲй¶ģ
Щˣһޱܣ˵Ϊһأ󲿷ֱӽ磬Ҳõ˼ĸƣδǵһƬ̹;


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ʲô飿Ҷ̧ͷҶƽʵ
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СϣҲ壿ҶСϣ΢΢һЦ
Сգգ۾Ц۾ԴСһͣ
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㻹ҪҶɻʵҶһ֮󣬱㲻յڶˣСһ֮󣬾ȻҪڤµڲ֮ͬɡ
С۾Դ÷ɿ졣
ǺãٸһԿҶһ۳һˮϵ壬ӡСϵڡ
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ãҸ򣡡С˻Сȭͷ־߰ص
Сһ򲻹ô죿˳С½ǣЩĵص
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һһСӰڱ䳡ϡ
ڱ䳡ѧԱһĻ׷׾£˹׼һϷ
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ʱ䳡ѾΧˡ
һģȻҲսӥ̶
ӥ̶Ժĵһ֣
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˵ʼЦӥ̶˫ֲЦһģʰһģõ˵ʼӥ̶ѹûαԵʽ䣡
ЩΧ۵˶ŪĴЦ
ҶҵС֣Ҳѧţӥ̶ѧȽô˰ɣѧѧԱЦǶǵ߲ͥŮѧк绽꣬ССӣȻԺΪкܶ˶ҪߣǾ÷ǳСǳӡ


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㡭Сŭصӥ̶Ҫðı䣬俪ʼ֣֮ܶӥ̶عأһ͵ϮֱǱСˣҪ㣡
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Сһһα˳ȥһģôһǿߵĶ֣
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ԭ߸ҪѧϰĹ似طЩǵԺֻҪǴﵽһΣյʱЩмͻԶѡ
ӴЩм֮СΪͻȻֱӳ˵磬ﵽ˵һأ
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ѧķڽս֪ҶïҪӪС飬Ҷï˽ġ
СߣҶïһݣһսʡ
սʲмЦС㣬ҲҴѧǿЦһ˫ϾѸٵһӡһεľҶï˳ײȥ
أҶï˲䱻˳ȥ
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սʼǿǰСֻСһ޷֮
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ץȥʴˣսСͥȥ
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ҹɫأһȫ˺ڰ֮С

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ҶոմǮõϢҶïѾͥץסˣСҲͥҶҶïˣûʮղҪ֣û뵽Ҷï˻Ǳץˡ
ϢԵͥڲȷɡǮƶص
ȻҲǵͥˣΪʲôϢңҶüʵ
ܼ򵥣֯λˣʡǮЦص
ҶҲйһЩ²⣬Ǯλ϶ʣȻǮߵЩǻں϶ȳʮҶӵܣ϶ѾˣڵõǮȷ֮ҶеһЩ²õ֤ʵ
λҪ֮ͥλãҶĿؿǮȻҲôǻں϶ȳʮҶӵܳΪĵˣ
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ǮһЦҶֵܲԷƱҶȻûһսǿߣôǻں϶ȳʮţѾʮλעοҶֵһصھ죬λصھ˸ҶֵܿҲǹϵǳķԪ½ĵλڲͬˡ
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Ҷֵ仰͹ˣλ˵ҶֵǸˣŵùҶֵܣǮЦǺǵصһǵһλ˸һôߵۣ
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Ϣ֮ҶһֻҪܱסؼûʲôǶʮʱ䣬һ߶ԣûʲô˵ģÿǱ
ڵҶһֱӶԿֻ̣ͥҪҶǿܸͥа壡
ȻеίСҶïˣҲû취顣
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ҶҲȥҹ͋YõϢ֮һֱûYĳСԪ羲ޡ
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ʱţʥոһһ˶ʱôһЩģĸ
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ҶҲܻܿᴴͬĻԻͣ
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ҶһûһλսҶΪյ飬㲻ͣسҩ˵ʮأҪսҲǷǳѵģսʳҪϵ֮⣬ҪһЩ

ǺսǷĹ֮УϢѰ
ʵȰλսڹϣǵĿԶϷͣӿ
ǻں϶ȳʮ𣬶̶һʱ䣬񺣵ڵľ磬Ҳһʱ䣬ȻҪսˣ
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˵ʥսϹһǰͽսʣ̨죡ս۷׷ס


645 Ҷҵˣ
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Ƿ˺֮Ĳ
ʵҵٶѾǳˣ̨籣̨Ǳ̬ٶôһԱȣҼһͷײˣ
ǺսǷ׷׾ۼ۷׷ףҲҡȵһſ
ʵԡš̨֣ȣʲôǡ
ҿЦſԶǱŶ̨米սһʱ䰡̨籾Ҫսˣ⾿ʲôٶȰ
ʣ˵̨ûл֮λǺսĸ߲֮һǼЦǺǵؿԵʵ
ҾͲ֪ˡɫЩȻԪ½˲űʥսϹҲǻںϳʮţս̨籣غؾţÿ˶пܣ
Щÿһ˶пܻ֮λͿǻ괹һˣҿ̨类Ǻпܵģ̨ǴӹŮΨһһǻں϶ȳʮģ֪ԪǵǻҲλŮˡ˵褻ʣһλĻŮԣһˬʵЦݣ仰һЩЦ˼
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žŰʮһױҶһȭ֮֮ƸһŽɫѸٵģǰҪӴʮֹ
һʮߵף
׾Ǳһ£ֲףսǿߣҲҪɵ֡
֮УҶһǹһֱվţʱյ֮ͣתһǿҵսֱ
䣡
׸ҶܵʱյƼҵضײš


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650 
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֮УҶ񾳷ںһΪһЩػôһЩں֮Ҷһʩչ񾳷ֳص񾳷
ǻں϶ȳʮҶ˺ǵȫۼ˴֮УܹǧˣȫؿǰҶ
ҶһʵϢѾ֮дˣ˿ҶĿ֮г˳ݣҶڵΪһսʶصǿ߶Ѿڻ
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Ҷ̧ôҰǼе飬ԼֺγȥСǳǵʵǲǿ
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Щںĵӣ󲿷ǻں϶ȶﵽʮϣٶȱҶҪö࣬ԶԶͨߡں˸ǿ壬֪ʲôĽ
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ǣҪȥģҶƽץץͷ벻ȥĶá
취ɣҶһµҪǮܵ˰æС
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ҶڽϣоЩ֣֪ΪʲôʥǴ쳣壬̽һ֮ûʲôرķ֣ҶȻŲǮҩȥ
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ȻǽӰǰģ°ɣܰҵҺ̫ĹѨҺһѾǴʻӻ־ܾһƷѣ⣬ӭ̫ʬǲΪҪġ
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Ȼ飿ӦħǼڣӦеΪǳħ񾳽ˡüͷȻȨѬģӦòħйǣʮλ˲ܷβܡ
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ֻΪҶ룬ҲˣԼʱ˶֪ԼǲǵõУרӦΪһֻ֪û뵽ҶѾȹϢ


651 Ϯ
ʴܸܲҰһطһȫû˵壡Ҷʵ
ɻؿһҶ֪ҶҪһطʲôܼ򵥣Ǯ㰲ţԪǺԶһ壬׺Ƶˮϵ壬躣ǣֻһͨԵִǰֻҵȥҾͰǸطðɡͨʥʥǣҲҵƹܡ
ǶлˣҶֵ
֮Ͳؿˣʰڰֵ
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ȸˡվҶҪȥӭ̫壬躣ǵĴͨڵأǮȥɣ
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ΨһǷȱǣҶƽ׵̫죬ûʱͨսЩطʵսͨսһصǿ߻ǲôһЩЩǿֲͨģҶƽѾվһͨ˸޷վĸ߶ȡ
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ŰңȾɡuƳһҶYҶY̬Щ䵭ڻ½úúõģȴгҶYһǰϻ񳯣е㲻Ҳ⡣
Ҫ²ܵϻ񳯣ҶYȻｹҲ˵ʲôϻôܿuʵĲ죿
˵Ҷ˲ű˺ܶǻں϶ȳʮţuʽҲ϶ׯҶYȴѷɫ̫ˡ
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ֻϧǸǻں϶Ϊ0ƺصھʲôûõһոǨ㵽½ļ壬ܹӪʲô̶ȣuЩΪص
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ҶYЩ죬ûлشϻ񳯼ҶǬuȴһ·ӣܲġ
ҶY飬uЩмƲƲ죬ҶYδӹ˵㣬ҶYȻ츳ˣôûӴ֧֣ﵽսѾˣҪﵽǸܵġҶYһˣĸ˶ֻ׻ˣڵĽϼ޷Ტܹۡ޸ڤ񳯵̫ѾܲˣҶY
һһ£ڽϻ񳯾ڡ
֪ĽϼĬuϻ񳯣ӭӣΪuʾʢᡣ֪ҶYҶҵˣѰҶʱ첻ҵ˵ʥǸҶҴϢ
ϻ񳯣ʼҴ
uʺҶYϯϰ˸ҩ⿶ɵļȡ
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ʱҴҵ˽ۼ죬ĿתuʺҶYĿҶYʱ۾ʱһЦλҶYСɣ
ǵģҶYŵص˵ͷòЦЦǡ
ɩӺã밲ˣҶϾ͵ˣЦɩӴʥսһ·ˡ
һһɩҶYշ죬ȴǻϲġ
֮ûuʴкuʲһüͷʲôʱӹЩõصǴģ񣡡
ҶY̫˷ˣһʱҶY߻һˣĿڬuϣЦŴкλǬuʰɣӭϻ񳯡һ·չɩˣлҴҶ羴һ
uɫ죬ððʧʧؽ͵һ㣬ҶԼսûһ㾴⣬ˣʵ̫ˣ⻰˼ѵԼһսʵҶYıķ
ģuʿ죬Ѿ˼ʵ˼
ҵŮʧ֮uʼ¡ҼεЦȷʵе̫ˣھҲҵԪ½ĴˣԪ½ӽһս졣
ҼۣuʺȻʲôɫԻһЩϻң鲼Ԫ½ʲѾﵽ˷ǳ˵ĳ̶ȣҲʮӰ˿
û뵽ҼȻᣬȻƺҶҼҶΪ磿
ĽϼҲһЩuҲû˵ʲôˣһĲ²ţ֪ǸҶһʲôˣȻĸԸ硣
ţuͻȻоʮսʼϢѸٵؿ˹һ£ССϻôͻȻôսʣuüЩսʺ񶼻ֻսһضѡ


653 ط
ʱһȺʮ룬
Y㣡
Y㣡һϲ
ȽҶɡҶ诵ˣһȺ˳ҶYΧ˸ñط꣬ĵϲ֪
һϤҶYۿһӺּЩˡ
ҶɡҶ诵ˣҶҶս졢Ҷս۵ҲˣҶYݺᡣ
ٲȻѾΪҶҵļۻᡣ
ҶYĿȺѰȺҶϣһοҶĿԣҶYʱ£Ҷ
һοҶYҶҲǳ˼ԴҶYʧ֮Ҷг˼һֱᶨΪҶYģﻹǷǳǵģֱ֪ҶYʥսŷһμҶYһ㣬Ҳ˸
ҶYҶſ˫۰ҶYӵ˻ŮķҷһַϤ
ҶҶYӵһҶǶһЦ˵һߣĬĬףһˡҶôѣǼ֤໥֡벻ߵڣĵףԸҶҶYһõĽ
Ϊ̫ˣһӱңuЩ죬һȴû˵ʲô˵һԣоĪһȺȫҶˣ
δҲ̫ˣ
ʮˣӵսʼΪľȻжʮҲٶǵΪ
Ȼжʮսʣ
uʼҪԼоǲǳˣԪ½ʲôʱͻȻðôսʣ
ЩսȫҶ
ҶҲһոǨԪ½ļѣ⾿ô£ǻں϶ȴﵽʮţҲ겻ʱսʣҶҾô쵽ģ
һµʱҶҶɡҶ诡һȵҶҶǻں϶ȳʮȫٻҶңȻ塣
ЩҶҶӰ£ǻں϶Ѿﵽ˺ܸߵĳ̶ȡͬʱҶڵһַǳǿںһ˿ʱյ֮Ҷʵ䣬ΪıЩΪﵽʮصģһںʱյ֮壬ܽսˡ
˵ʱսǧ󲿷ֶǸġ
ģһǻں϶Ϊ0Ǹ˺ܸܿҶһӵиıǻں϶ȵ˵ǸΪ˾˲˲ĶȻʧˡ
Ҷǻں϶Ϊ0Ըıͨ˵ǻں϶ȣͬʱǿ˵ΪҲӵ˴սʵ
Ҷȷһһʱ
u𾪵ͬʱ֪ЩĶʮս֮⣬ʥǡʥǻоŸսʣҲ˵ҶѾʮսˣ
⣬ҶȻֻеأʵѾ˿ѷɫһսһصǿˡ
ԪҲһٶλսʶѣҶҾȻôλսʣδҲ̫˰ɣ
Ľϼӵλսʣ㱻ΪԪ½۷Ⱥˣuȴ֣ҶһȣĽϼ䡰۷Ⱥƺţ
ʵ𾪵ĲǬuʣǼ죬Ҳޱ𾪡
Ҷ⻹ǵһνЩսǴһǼ֤Ҷҵķչû뵽̶һʱҶѾӿֳôλսʡ
Ҫٹһ꣬ǻˣ
Ԫ½һ˵˶ǻƿأҶҺܿǻ˵ļ壡
ʮսʰ
ҶҶYӵ֮ҶҶYĺ󱳣ȥҶYϵۡ
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ҶYصص˵ͷܸҶһ𣬱һޱ̤ʵĸо
λҶҼҶɣһһᣡuԾнЦЦոϻ񳯵ʱмְǼҶôս֮İȫĥˡ
һᣡҶע⵽ˬuʣԵͷ
uҲûнҶľٶǷŵ̬΢΢һЦYʥս˵ҪҶˣֻΪһЩ鵢ˣսļλ߲uЩεƳһҶYϣҪԼĹӽ黳
;鷳uչˋYˡҶ΢Цŵͷ˿ҶY
ܹټҶҶYѾǳˣû׷;Щ顣
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ңսʵһôԪ½ش¼ʱսǻͨͶƱν顣ǰսÿӵжʮƱǰʮսʮƱǰʮÿƱʣµÿһƱԽǰսԽļ壬ӵиĻȨ񳯵ĹҲսͶƱġ
ԭҶ˵ͷЩսһһ֯ƿԪ½Ȩ
ڵĽϼ壬ӵλսʣǿһλǰʮǰʮλе۷Ⱥ֮һuЩȻ˵
սʵǲζţӵиƱԷͥһЩҶкһ˵
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ǵȻҶҲǳԸĽϼҶЦһаԭսʻĺôܹԪ½øĻȨĽϼ۷Ⱥ֮һҶҺĻкܶĺôһ£Ҫôܼսʵ
Ҷ峤õģʮλʱ̹עԪ½˽սʣϢѲʮλ˵ĸ֪ʮλ˻۲쿼˼£ȷûʲôͻᷢ뺯һֻҪħսʣյ뺯uЦЦ
ȻuЩĽϼսʵкܴĻȨܹҶǾԲŹġ
ҹĻ٣һʢʹھһ֮ƽ
Ҷҵ˶˻ʹıԺ֮С
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ҶҶYһƬƺϣ¹⾲к¡
ҶY㷢䣬ǽϾ¹֮·Ĺԣһɫɴ΢ӯ趯ģµһ㡣


654 
܋YôŬҶĳɾǻԶԶYҶYЩٵ˵峺ҶǸ֮ǰʱҶһֱȻϤС
ˣʱԻҶԶļңҶҶY㷢ЦǺǵص
YŲҪ䣬һøǿ˵ҪҶ˴ҶYҡҡͷص
ҶζһЦͷŋY֪YǽСһžǿġ
YҿϽսʣҶ
ģҶYЩȵؿҶ
֤һ漣𣿡ҶǣһЦգգۣYһʱҶرĴصǵʱ
Ҷһӣһٻ˳ǵҶϿȸԾ¹Ȼ衣
ʲôҶYؿҶĵ壬Ըо̺Ӵ󾫴
ģһַǳǿ壬գӦþͿͻƵսʾˣҶ֪νܸܲҶY˵ԼоŸ壿
ԿɣҪô壿ҶYŴۣ濴ǵ壬֪ҶΪʲôȻôλսˣҲףһԲܱ֪ܡ
Ҷ̧֣ǵӡҶYؿڴҶYˢһºëͣزӯӯĿ⿴Ҷ
Ҷԭûʲô̫뷨ҶY飬ʶĵ֮ҶϡԸоһԲͦϸĴһ
ȿȣҶһΣ˵ò˵ҶYĻ൱˵ġ
ҶYչ̣۾Ȼؿڴһ˵УרĵؿʼҶ͸Ϣһ̤ʵĸо
¹֮£Щ컣ҶһıԺһûҶǲġ
һСʱ֮һǿϢ֮йâɣڰϺȻϼƵѤɫϻ񳯵۶ӳյͬա
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˽սˣuü΢ϢеϤҶY
ҶYͣڵʮѾмˣһʮҪսǷǳѵģҪһʱۻҲҪԵҶYһϻ񳯾ȻͽˣһδҲ̫ˡ
˰ˣ
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ҶYˣuʳҶYǱ߿һۣĿ˸ʵ
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ҶYͣڵʮѾкüˣΪλʱͻȻףĪǳʲôҩuЩΣȴװµʵ֪̽˵ܲãҶҲһ˵ǰͲסеĺ档
ҩҶص
ʲôu΢΢һ㶣û뵽ҶԼȴӺˡ
ﻹһЩuҪһܹգΪҶЦһ֮ڳһ壬һỤ̋ҲһŻ棬ͣرãޱȡ
ҶûʲôӰģֻҪҶ壬ֻǿҶǵΪ壬ҶĻ彫˵˼룬Ҷ֮ǰġ
ΪĺöҶô󷽸Լã
uʽ䱸ؿҶǵ壬ϸظӦţо̺żΪûκɱԵ
˰Σ¶һ˿̰֮ɫؿҶȷҪ͸ң
ҿǺгĽϼġҶЦŵңﻹкܶࡣ
uҲѹֲסĵ궯ҶһģܶˣʲôֶΣҶ˹ȥ
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ҶĵһҶY˻صҶأuһ뿪ϻ񳯣ʥսȥˣҶY׼Ҷסٻȥ
ҶլԺУҶƽҴҵ˽
峤յ˼ʮżۣҶƽּյЩż֮󣬱ϸϹҶˣۣǿԪʮ֮׵ܲţ֪ʲô顣
żҰɣҶЦҶƽӹЩżµòĻЩӦ뺯
ҶЩż򿪣ȻҶ˼սʵźܹʮżҶҵһսʵ˶յˡЩս֮⣬ȻҶҪ֪ҶҲ͵ضѣ
ۿҶѾӵսʾʵ㹻ʸսʵˡ
յ۵żҶѾ˺ܾˣ뵽֮ǰͥҶҵͽƣҶȻǾʹӽ쿪ʼҶҵķɣǼսʵһ̿ʼҶҾҪʼԪ½ʷ̨ˡ
֮ʷҶң
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ҶӵôλսʵϢûдȥҶ˶ڵȴҶľ
Ҷúʮأյ뺯ģһȥսʵҶȻ
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ҶһʥҶأͷһͬһǴʮսʵ˻ҶYһͬǰս
Ԫ룬һɫĽǸ룬һ¶ƽ̨ϲ˸ַӡһԶϢ
ʮϯضǰԸһЩ̨ϣһ׵ϣӡ
Ǹڽ·ʮˣһ⣬ȫսʼǿߡ
͸ϢͰԵ޿ƥУʮսʴҴѧһš
˱ʮеǿߣۣ
ԪǹһǺ;ǳǣ۸ǣλһǣʮλеĵλ
ʯ˱һ޼ʵȺǣ۳Ԫ֮⣬۲࣬Ѱħϻ۷ֵġ
ʱһ˴Ҵҵ˽ףӢ䲻ǴԪǸҶйһ֮Եơ
״ˣҶˡ΢΢ص
ҶһĻ϶־ȣǸͣϵƣ֮ӣ
ǽɣȻĿ棬սʵڷȥ
Ҷһ˽սʵ˳̨һ·ʰϣԱ߿һۣվһԡ
㣿Ҷüëһ
ӣõһЦɣѾˡ


655 սʵ
ҶЩɻƼȻսʵˣΪλװһϵͨˣҶ죬ЦƣǸؿŵġ͸һصϢҶʼտ͸
룬ؿŵģǲĪ۵ʲôˣ
ֻʱҶҲûʱѯʣƴҶǽսʵ
Ҷ磬ʲôһˣ
ҶɡҶ诵Сʵ
Ҳ֪Ҷҡҡͷ֮ǰûмۡ
ҶYظҶ࣬شǰһС
ʮ޴ʯƣͷǹޱߵǿգȺ˸һޱ׳ĸоҲɵÿࡣ
˸ȺһصͼƬǿ֮£ҶоڵľǲһЩӦת
ҶŲ˽ȥǰȥԶĸ̨ϣһϯضףԱһѽɫսһȻɱʵһĿԼϣҪҶȫһ㡣
ҶҶ˰ݼ۴ˣҶֵ֮£Ҳɵõͷ
ҶҶɰݼ۴ˣ
ҶҶYݼ۴ˣ
ҶҶ诰ݼ۴ˣ

ҶʮҶһһμۡ
۵ĿɨһҶˣ¶Щ΢ЦܺãҶϼ˲űȻôλսʣԪǵϣϣΪԪǶףػԪǣ
ԵĽҶͷǿߣҶҲΡ
ҷʮ뺯ôʮĸˣ۵ؿҶʵ
۴ˣҶYմʥսҲոսսʣұˡҶʵ˵
ҶԵҶY˳
ʥսҶY۴ˣ
ۿ˿ҶYЦһǰҸսǺս̨սʵҲԳӣĪǣҶ޸ǳġ
۴˵ЦˣҶY̨籣ڶ½ʱ򣬶ͬҲҹκһˣⲻ޸һΡҶ֣صص
Σ΢΢ףܺãԪǾҪһЩĵˣδϣȻˣҲսʵɡ
л۴ˣ
ҶȻսʵҪֹ֮ģȨλսһͬЭػԪǣȻ˵
ҶұزȨһЩ󣬻۴֧֡Ҷɫ˵
󣬾սʵıͨȻҲͬ⡣۵ͷ
ҶʮĸˣԸսʵػԪΪΣҶ֣صص
ãܺã۴ЦѣѾ˼ǧ꣬ԪǴʱڿʼս˥䣬ÿ궼սսµսûмʱսʵս٣Ҷؼʱ̣һʮսʽԪ˵ͬ졣
۵ʾ֮£ҶÿսʶһĴħսףÿһһƷս׵Եֵסսǿ߼ι
ÿһս֮⣬ÿ˻лȥսʵıѡһƷ
⣬ÿ˻ܻһöսʵרõǳˮڱ˴֮以硣
սʵԭһʮһλսʣʮλսʽϻǣѶȫޣٻʺ͵͵룬ֻʣһһʮˣֶϹ̨籣ڼҶҵʮˣսʵѾﵽһʮ
սʵһԵĽϣһλսʵʵҶһ£սʵһλģȻʡĿǰʮλ֮µ֮ĵһˣ֮ͥûһսʸսʡ
ڶʥսʣս׻ʡ
ĵľǸҶʥǼһʣû뵽ʵôߣôǿʵʲôڶ½ʻˣĪħɵģ
Ҷ˸ոռսʵԻûҪҪսλϵսʣսʤĳһλսʣͿλսʵǰ档
Ҷעλ۵һЦΪսʵսʶһõ״̬һϷʵԽǿӵиĻȨȤսеսʣսʵ˶ռ䣬ʱԽȥﱻĽƣɱˣȻطǸҲһʼսλܿǰսʣǸոսսʣʵս飬Щսʶ̫Զˡ
л۴ѡҶͷĿֱ˵ʣһ
ע⵽Ҷ飬ЦҡҡͷҰǺõģҪȴô򵥵ģҶǸӣҪĥ²С
ҶĿɨλмλ÷Ϲ
ϹԪ½ҫ۶ĿţŸսսûþѾŵʮλ΢Ц
Ҷ˵Ϲʱ龰»Ϲʵ֮ĽϹĪ⣬˵ҲŲͬѰĹϵ˿λûз̨籵̨֣ʵҪǰһӦǺܼ򵥵ģ̨Ӧȫûвμӱԣû֡
̨籸е̥Ҷϲ¶ЦݣӦȥ̨ˣٹһʱ䣬̨͸ˣĹѪϾҪˣ
Ҷ˷ܵλսλЩսʵ;õķʽսʵרſٵĿռ䣬սҲԸȫԷſս
峤ȥսսʡҶԾԾԵص
ҲڴؿҶ
ȥɣҶ˵ͷսûʲôΣգҶҲĻʲô£Ƕս
һҶǻһȥҸԵĶսȥˡ
ֻҶYҶ
Ҷ˽ʹõǳˮѩʵ˵Ӱǳˮϡ
Ҷ˵Ҷʮ˽սʣսʵϲǣѩʵ˹صǸո˵Ϣʱ򣬻ЩţΪҶƽʱûκϢͻȻͶʮսʣδҲ̫ˣңǿʮսʰĿǰԪ½ûκһͬʱӵôսʣ
ǻΪҥԣֱսʵרõǳˮʽȷϣԭȷеϢ𾪵ͬʱҲһЩϲϾԪ½һЩսʶ˵ֻкôûлοǸǹϵҶҡ
λսʣʮֱǸ֮ǰһֱλܡҶϵ˵Ҷҵôսʵ˺ܾá
ǿ⡣ѩʹһЦ
սҲʾܹ⡣
ҶҼ̨ʮλսʣûκҲʮƱʮλսʵ֧֣һԱһɲСҪһЩ᰸ҲҪͷˡ
սʵǳˮϣսʶ۷׷ףͻȻʮλսʼսʵǽˣҶҵǲѣһˡ


656 ʱ
һЩսʶһЩ仯Ҷ̫ˣͥĵλҲܵв֮ǰҶҸһֱͣδ˫ȨǲǻӼң
սʵ֯Ĺʵ̫ˣǰʮսʼÿ˶ԳһɣȻػԪǵĴһµģÿ˶Ȩĵ£άһ΢ƽ⡣
֮ǰսʵȨ󣬶Ҷҵļ룬ȨƽҪʼбһЩѾʼҶʾˡ
һЩͷҶһһ֮ĵģϾҶҷչ̫ˣ̶ʱھȻӿֳʮλսʣҪٹһ꣬ҶҾɳʲô׵
ǼиˣҲйǣ˵ǣսԽ࣬ԪǾԽȫǵǣҶսʵĶδڵܷսʵҵԼλã֤ԼȨ𺦣
ڶս뷨졣
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ʮĸսͬʱսʵЩֲ
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һʱ䣬ҵΪͻƣҪǱܷͻ񾳽磬ͥʱʲôǳˮ֪ͨңʷԸٻʺŽϻǣʼΪŭٻʺûȥϻǵĻҲֲ㡣
ηչԤϣʱҶҪвͥôסǱȥˣͥʱսʹ
һ죬ʶǱšҶҵвЩΣУˣԴִƵͥδĸоͥһֱԪ½ִߣԲκвͥĵλ
ʱĿʱؾͻῴһԱߵһؼֻȻǡ׻ۡⱾҶûģһ£ⱾھޱȣĻϵҲ֮һ
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ĪҶ֮ڶ̶֮ڵ֮սʣⱾйأʳ˼ãڰ಻ס׻ƾʵʲôҲֹܹ
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ͻȻ֮䣬ùͨȼܵĻ档
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Ϊ˱겻ܵˣ׳ʿԷɵΪű˺
մ㾹Ϲ۾ȻĹھ־Ϲܺãɫɱû뵽ȻҶˣҶ޸Ĺֶ̫ˣ֮ǰȻûʱֹĻ
һ޸Ĺ϶һЩۼһ۾ܿҶ˺޺ۼĪҶ⣬Ҫ֮ϲɣŭ֣Ϊ̫ˣΪ˴ĹҲܼʱȣȴûҶǰˡ
սʵĴ֮С
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ʲô񼶵Ϊǿʲôŵ۵һЦѯʵ
۵ѯʣҶЩΪѡ
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ȻҲ֪ʲôҹעܾˣĹ⣬Ӧ̺˾ֹټ΢΢һЦڹ۲ҶҲûڡ
Ҷ֪ԪǾ󲿷鶼޷ӹ۵۾
ȷʵ̺˾һֹҶͷڹܻǲ͸¶һҪ鷳ˡ
Ҷڹ鲻Ը˵Ҳû׷ȥ̨籺ˣ
ǵġҶ˵ͷ϶ǿߵġ
ԶҶY仰΢ЩȻָܿ
ϲ㣬ϣ̨ܹԪһλų۹һЦƬ֮̾һЩϧصֻϧ̨籶ûеõУǸϹĿǰΪֹҲûеõУ֪ǻ굽ôŵġǻں϶Ϊ0ܳΪ̨ǻں϶ȴﵽ89ȫʤΣǻȴûĴ㡣
۴ЩżҶһЦ
ȵ̫ˣǻٳûлӦ̾Ϣһ
ҶԸоӱǿߣмּ꣬Ը浹ΪֱˬȻҲûҪҶ˵Щ
ǰû˷ǻҪô˷Ҫǻȴٳûѡ˵ǻѡҶЦ
һǻѡЩ񶨻ᾡǻһֱûܾͽȻκΡҹ󣬷ϻǱԵһӰħѾϻǵڣЩϻǵսʿ׶༪١Ԫǣ˵ʲôʱиħǻһѡȻԪǽٺܴΣաۿһҶ֮Ը˵ЩΪҶѾΪԪһɲСкܶǻں϶ȳ70ţΪǺܴ˵л˳ΪʱҶҵξ͸ˡ
۵ʮλػԪǼǧ꣬һֱľ𣬵ԪѾܾûµˣԶҶұ˺ܴϣһڽսʵˣкܴ񣬲Ҷڽսʵʵе࣬ҲЩЩ˵ож˽
۲֪ǣҶңǻں϶ȳ70ѾǳˣֻǼ
ҶԵΪԪǾϹᣬֻһ󣬻۴˳ȫҶֵ
ʲô󣿡ۿҶ


657 Сı仯
۴ҼӣֱСûиͥĦ֮ǰҽСŽ˵ͥѧͥĦ֮СͱͥˡҼҶҪСȳͥѺѾһգ۴Щڵͥ˻صҶңҶϿҵصҶѾʮλսˣҲҪȨһ£ǷҪչһҶҵĸܣֻҪۿڣȻҪСҶï˹ԹԵͻ
ҵ˵ƺѪΪ⡣û˵ͥǶ˸ֻѧ˴ؽʾͷ˵ȷ£Ե棬СҶҵҪ۵ͷ
ȻʮλԿԪ½һУҲʲô鶼֣һδӦҶҲǿߣҲȫڵҶҡ
һʱҶһֱսʵѾȥˡ
ҶһǷ׷սλϵսʣǸոսսûãҲûʲôս飬ߵһҲûλŽǰһ١
ǵıѾ൱ˣڶսĹУսҲڲ
ҶYҲŴ˼峡ֻӮһӮһ½սʡ󲿷սʼսʵѾʮϰˣǻͣսһصߣսҲ൱ḻģôױҶY˻ܡ
Ҷսʵ졣
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㲻ȥμսЦſҶ
ҵΪֻеأ򲻹ЩսʣǲμˡҶҡҡͷ
Ʒ˸ۣҶһ̫ϻˣ֮ǰۿҶ߳صʱûоͰѵͥʸˡȻ֪ҶʵжǿҲӦôﵽսʼ
Ҷϳ֣ԲΪ򲻹ҶϻһֻޣֻѾսˡ
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ҵǻں϶ֻ1ΪĻѾǵʮˡνЦЦ
Ҷüͷǻں϶Ϊ1ôôߵĲΣ
ǻں϶һ˵ΪϾƬģǻں϶Ϊ1츳˶ΪҲˣҸǿһЩʣһһҲôߵĲΡƲܻʲôֱ̹ʵص
һЩʣ滻ǿʵ˵ǿ԰쵽ġѹҶ޷͸ƣôߵǻں϶ȣ񾳽磬ΪʲôĶӣǻں϶ȾȻֻ1ʵЩѽ⡣
ʲôʣҶ΢һ£һЦǲʵ̫ˣشͲػش𣡡
ǵûУټǳ裬屾ҲɽľˮɵģһЦݲõصȻ滻ܴĸãÿ꣬ҶҪ޾ļ尾˵ĳʱ̾ͱˡ
Ȼˣ۴ΪʲôҪôҶһݣʱ޿̶ҪΣգƻֹۣʵףҶҲΪ֮
һʹ죡Цǻ˵ҵλԵпܰʹ࣬ѾΣλԵȫȴҵıһλᣬֻˣ
ǻ㵽ƵλԵĪǻҲ޷ıƵ
Ҷ˼ţ֮䣬֮Ĺϵ
ɽľˮйɵģĪǻҲǣͬʱӵе壬ܵǻ꣬ǻҲֻ֮࣬ͨеһԪعɣֻγ塣˵ǻ굹ͬһ͵ĴڣǻҪһΡ
ʵνսʡֻľΪˣǿģǵһ壬浮֮ˣǵڶ壬ħȵȣҲͨҪǿöࡣ
Ҷ۽Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ҪΪǿߣ̤ǵһѡ񼶵ǿߣҲֻܲtǿգ޾գǸ޷Ĵڡ
ΪʲôҶYҶɵڽӴܹ֮ôףΪȻ͵ȣʵҲǵһĴڣں̺һ˿ʱյ֮壬ܹôսҲͲΪˡ
ò˶ãҶһӦÿԴﵽߵľ磬ٶҲԶԶͨսǿߣ
Ҷ׼崴սҪﵽʱǧսƺҲ£ʱƾͥҶҶԿ𣿿ǻҲòҶ˰ɣ
ʴˣսʵսС۵
֪ʴ˹Ϊ£
˵۴˰йģ
սʵۼ˰ʮλսʣ˶ڵϣףǸҶһ
ʴż˽аսʡСҶïȼҶˣǰ棬Ҷ߿һۣƸҶһüͷһ¡
Ӳμ۴ˣʹض˵
ɡۻ˻֡
ҶһҶ˿СҶï˸ʵı󣬷׷سǴкȴ˿̣Ҷï˳Ҷ߿һۣͺʶҶһ㣬ɫ̬ȼΪ䵭
СͣسҶյ˼ʲôȴһƬãȻȫǲҶˡ
ҶЩĪ˵СǣӦ÷ǳ˷ܲǣΪһ㷴ӦûУ
Ҷüһ˿ԤУʸòǶСʲôֶΰɣҶһƵķŭǽҶ޷̵ġ
СôˣҶҵսҲ˹һߣʾȻĺֶ֣δҲ̫ˣ
ۿһһҶˣֿ˿ߣʵ磬ҶҼҶ˵ѺҶҵСǹ˽գץҶҵˣд£
۴ʩһƽصСѧս䷸ѧѧ棬ؽҲпԭǵͥĹأӲûԽ⣬СҶȻҶϼһӶ½Ҷû̫ĸ飬Ͷѧ֮󣬸սʸǷǳ׽ҶСȥСԼͬ⣬ҵͥȻԱӻĪҲҵͥĴҶҵ˲ţ׿ѯСԸԸҶң
ǲȥ
ҲҪȥҶңС۵ټսʵ


658 ͶƱ
ҶüͷСԼǿİһ㣬ͼ̽ʲôСûбֳκ
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ҶǷ׷궯ǶССͻȻı仯ȻΪʩĳЩֶΣ޲óȥһս
Ҷ˼ҵѹҶҲûκκôҶĿضʡ
ʻǵһαָűɨһҶɵˣһҶҵ˵ʾʩʲôֶΣĪǱʱӻҲдҳϣҶ˲űôսʣĿսʵҰڻ˵㣬ǵҶҳһҵ޻˵
һֱڸ̨֮ϣɫƽû˵һ仰
ҶվעʣʴˣСҶ֮ˣҶҳ缺Դȥ˵֮ͥ󣬾һֱͥѺ֪ڼʴ˶ʩչ˺ֶΣǶҶĮ飬ʴѵĿʴ˶Ҷ飬ҶҶˣǳҪ
вЦʻв£Եģһ
ʴˣҶïνͣҶĿʵһ㣬ʡ
ҲҶӣҶҵˣѵԼ⼸ҶѳҶңҵͥѰӻҵͥҪǻȥԼͬȥȻ޻˵
ҶïˡͨһԱ߹£ɫеصȲԸҶңʴ
Ҷïʹļ׵ָҶҶ峤ĺרưԵΪ֪һЩܣɱڣұӳʴ˲ҪǻصҶң
սʵһս۷׷ףĪҶˣ
ѪˣҶߡ
ҶïǱˣ
ʣöΪ֮ͥҶǷ׷׳ڱ粵
ҶսȭͷǰòȻʣȷʵСʣȫû뵽Ϊ֮ͥȻʩչֶΡһʱ飬ʸˣҶҾʱ粵ҲûʲôãСҶï˶ƣ治Ҷҡ
ת۵۴ˣӻ˵һ飬ͣսʮʮ֮ãԭϣһͻ񡣴ǰӴҶïõһҶϼһ£ǹҾһֿµħӸϽֹͣҲ˾𣬺ò׳ʿǿзϵɵΪƽ¡ҶҵĹаҶϼػģ۴ҶҵĹؼ۴˹Ŀ
˵ţ˫ֽһиۡ
ʣȷĹǴҶïлõ㰲˼ϸҶңҹ⽫۸ĺĹߣȻҲţҳǱӦˬҶЦһ
۷һʵݽؼ΢΢ü
⹦¾ȴħھˡ۰˰ֵῴͥҶˣ˫˭Ҳݲ˭һߵͥƹԪ½꣬۵˻ҪصͥһҶűδԪǵ
۴ˡʻ˵ʲô
ۻӻִϵ֮飬Ҳܡڴ£ȻҶҺ͵ִͥ£ǻǰԭĹأսʵսͶƱͬСҶï˻صҶҵģͶƱ֧Ҷңͬ⣬Ǿ⼸˻صҶҡͬģͶƱʮ֪֮ͨսͶƱǿ飿
۲Ϊκһ٣ʩһ̫֣սʵսͶƱǲܽôͥҶҶֻˡսͶƱѾ꣬Դؽ˲鷳ȻǽõֶΡ
룬ͷͬ⣡
־ڱصãͥƿԪ½ô꣬սʵӰҶܹġȻҶʮλսʣҲкܶս֮ϣͥߺܶλսǰȻռžơһ˾ӵжʮƱֵҶҶʮսˣǰʮսУȷվڵͥһߵģҲаϣ
СҶï˲֪ʩչʲôֶΣҪԸصҶǲˣڵľҶҲսͶƱҶٻôһ߻ᡣ
Ȼ۴ôˣҶҲͬ⣬ʮ֮ڣԸķ䡣Ҷȭͷ˿СôΪСһҪӮ붫½ЩȥҶ˺ǵӣҶг޸
ЦսʵսͶƱҶһùҵ֮ͥǰҶˣԹ߲ѣǿɵΪҪʮ
սʵڶս۷׷ףϣ󲿷սʶͶƱֵ֧֧ͥҶҵģƱռ˼ҪپƱͶһ
ԶĮСҶïˣܶҶ˶ۿôҶϺݺݵһ˳ͬ죡
ôˣɢ˰ɣۻӻֵ
ʳҶ߿һۣСʩʩȻ뿪սʵ
ʵıӰһҶĿѡ
峤Ǹô죿
Ʊǿ±Ȳͥ
ôˣҸôսʽãҲƱӮͥ
ǽõЩսʣλϵߣƱԶԶһҶš
ҶüչҶYοҶҶ磬ϻʥսɣҿԿʥսļλս֧Ҷң
ԣǸսˣЩսӦûǻһЩӵģʲôҪǿǣһһȥݷǣһҪСҶïǻҶȺӿ
Ҷ˼Ƭ̵ҶɡҶ诡ȥǵʦǵʦȥݼλսʣսģսȥЩսʣԪ½һٶλսʣÿһսʶҪҰݷõʲôҪǳˮתң
ãҶǺȻӦǡ
˴սʵͷжˡ
ҶȥıӰ˼һս֮䣬ϵôгʱΪ˸ԵҶҵŽᣬ
ҪѹҶң֮١ҡͷ̾ΪῴõһЩСֶΣЩܹǲ˵ġǵͥҶңܴѹһЩֶƽˣϣҪֵòɿźá
ۺԶһۣҲһȻı顣
ףҾ飬еˡƴ۵
ȷʵеΪ֮ͥôԪ˺ܶ๱ףҲЩ˺ġ۵ΪԪǵҪԪ½ҪЭս֮Ĺϵ治̫ǿӲˡ


659 ϴȥ䣿
Ԫ½һ糱һϦ֮䣬ҶҺ͵ͥͻȻûԾ˫˵˵սʡ
ҲһǿҵĹ۸УҶҿʼԪ½ʷ̨һʼͶ˵ͥ־ްԼĴڣ˶ЩڴδҶҽʲô̶ȣ
˵ͥսҲһЩΣУҶҵԪ˵һ£һͻȻ֮ϣʼΪ˸ͥĴڣδЩ̫ϰߡ
һ̫ͻȻˡ
ʮ˸սڹ֪ôһֽճ
ʮ˸սڲмҶӵܣⲢζǻվҶһߣͥƿԪ½ʷƾãҲִ꣬Ǹ֮ͥź𣬲׸ͥѡ
˵֮ͥ⣬ҶͷʵҲʼĴ˵
Ȼʱû˭֪һʲôĽ
Ҷ˺ܶսʣȷʾ֧ҶҵսĿǰΪֹһûУ󲿷սʾ¼ǮﵹкϢһɻ֧Ҷҡ
Ԫ½ĵսʣһ˾ӵжʮƱټʵܰҶ絽սʵġ
ͥȴͶƱҶңʺ֮ìѾãѰڵˣ
ʵ֧֣ҶлЩϾ¹СҶïǵİΣףӰҶҸִԪ½ĵͥȫһεġ
СһϣϺҶҳΣȻ˳˵ͥΪһʮصߣȫûκλȨ
ҶûϺϾϺһжΪΨһЩڵǣӦðСͥС飬ҶİԶ˵עҶҺ͵֮ͥĳԹԻˡ
ʥǣҶصһ֮С
ҶڵţڳøַǵΪ֮ʣһڹ⡰ಡһڽ˴֮С
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ʱɽҶվ¶ϲ֮ɫû뵽ʱȻɻˣ֪ûаС
ʱҶǰһӰҶǰߡ
߳ü趯Ҷ֮󣬺ݺݴ˼ڴӴϷˣԪ½ֲ̫ˣһ·Ϸ򵽴׷ɱܵ
ǰСأǴ𣿡Ҷʵ
͵͵ܳģСôܶʵ۾߷˷ۣЦһ·ϰɽˮвټһﶼҸˣϷԪ½˺üȦǱϷܻˡ
ǰˡ˵ûСҶʱЩʧ䡣
ʾϲ⣬ҶСӣҪСˡ˵սʵţô߿Ҷʵ
ҶҡҡͷûܰСȻ֪ʶСʲôǶѾʶˡЭ֮£սͶƱҪҪõͥС黹Ҷҡ
ҶԪ½ŶãҲ̫ƽˣüëֱߺƲƲϷ꣬˵ʲôˣϷҲһư
۷ʱôǿҶɵмֲţ߾˵һЩ󻰣仰ڴţ㲻ٶ롣
СѾСϴȥ˼䣬ǼǲҲüë̾
ϴȥ˼䣿Ҷ仰һȭͷÿֱ죬û뵽Ϊ֮ͥȻССôݵֶΣҶΪֻĳطӡСļѣû뵽ʾȻСļϴˣ
˵СԶ벻ˣҶۿͨ죬ЩеĻһĻĻӿ˳СкüΪ˾ϧվҶѰС׵ܵһʾȻЩļСԺĨȥˣҶŭɶ
Ҷ֮꣬һҪʸѪĴۣҶսȭͷĬĬġ
ҿϷ׼ֻһɫ͸һ죬ٺϣϿնʱһһҶһַĵϤС
СĻҶ۾һЩݵص
Сķֻ꣬ϴȥСķֻ֮ǰϷԤеҪС֣ȡֻֻ꣬ҪСϷܰǻָ䣡鳤üëΪԵõصϷ㣬ϷĶ֣
Сļ仹ָܻ
лǰҶŵڷҰתһЩҲ˵˸˰졣
ûʲô˭СϷĵأ߰ڰ΢Ц
߿԰Сָ䣬СͥҶʳ޸ʵΪѾҶĵޣ

ʱңԶܿϡ
ܿЮҶԼٶȷԾ˸ɽ롢󣬲ϵǰ֪ҪҶȥ
ʱܿͻȻͣâһҶ˳ȻѸٵٴûҶڡ
ҶĴһƬïܵĴ֡
ƬЩ֣ܼһߴ׵ɫĲ֮䵽١̹ľֲ֮һжɫģҶ֮ǰֲɫҪһЩʱش޺֮Եء
ҶͷϿȥʱʱطɹūӰЩūֻ֮ǻƺǶƬЩη塣
Ҷüͷ壬ƬɫɭﵽʲôЩūǾҽ룿
һָ⴦öܿ飬ܿƺԼǰֵ
ԶȥĴ֮УľգƺʲôٻԼ
˵ܹҵʲôܹ⿪еɻҶ㣬ҧҧɫȥ
ūǲʱϿշӶͶһ޴Ӱ
ͻȻ֮䣬һ󼱴ٵ֮һֻֻ׳Сţһĺɫ޷䳯Щūǳȥ޷ˣ֮࣬ɹʱһյĸоܿأһսʱоū;޷ʬ׹䡣
Ƭսһ̨ޱȾ޴Ľľū;޷仯Ƭ
Щ޷ĳޣӦҲܿǵԭסˣҶЩ޷ػʲôҶͲסеĺ棬޷ۼȥ
޶ڵ壬Ȼƽʱ˴ʳħʱ˫Žһ¶ԿħΪ޶ǻ괴ĵ壡
ǻ˵ػӵ׿츳϶̣Ҳʹ츳ձҪܳǻҲǳҳϡ


660 񼶵ħ
־޲ϵؼսȫ֮⣬ūڸ˾޴ʧ֮󣬱޷ǱƵýڽڰˣ޷˸ХڹʿҪһٴЩū
ʱһޱǿϢȻҶһͷȥֻƬ˲һƬӴӰ֮УӰڰŨ˲޵ԨĴӰУһž޴ħħûʵֻԼи۾бɫϳö׶
Ҷһ񼶵Ϣ
񼶵ħ
ǿµϢҶˣһ˫ؿסҶĺ
ÿµħ
Ҷڵķɵ˵زţָܿҲ춯
ħһ߰ظ·Ӱлһֻƣһƴӡ֣һ죬ʮֻ޷ƾձ˲ʱķѣʣµľ޷侪̵ĴҴܣٶɫ֮С
ֻһƣ͸ɵʮֻ޷䣬ħǿʵ
ħûٹЩ޷䣬Ŀ⳯Ҷ߿˹
ҶһݣħԼڣĪԼʲô
һɿµϢǵصѹ
ڵҶܹԿģ
ˣҶǾ޴ħӣ类һ߶סһ㣬һǿҵĿ־в彩Ӳ޷ǰһǳѡ
񼶵ħ𣬽ֻǿԼ㽫Լȫˣ
ħҶһͳĹЦһֳҶץ񼶵ʵָֻͷҶ
ҶҪܣˡ
ۿǾ޴ӰҶƴʹȴоԼȻӲ޷
ĪǾҪħﲻɣ
ҶӿĲʣȻԼʵ񼶵ħһεģҲĸԸ־ܣ
ˣ
Ҷܳ˰˰ɵС
Ҷŭħҧ㲻ħĶ֣ҲҪǰѪ
Ӱеħǹһ£¶ЩŪ֮ɫڳЦҶĲ
ۿħľץҶŭһ߶ܰ˰ɵеħ
ħغһ޼ɵص˷ɵǰһգҪɵƬ
ߣƣҶкһдһ
ֻۡ죬˰ɵͬʱħľ֣ɫѪˮĽ
ħͳƺҶɫ׶ȻǱҶŭˣ䱻ɵȴû˿ͣٵسҶץ˹
Ȼɵ֮޷ɱħ
ħľϾҪץסҶʱҶָ⴦ܿͻȻųɫâҶʱһƬɫĹĻ֮Уءһ죬ħľײҶܵɫĻϣɫĻҡһ£ȴûѡ
Ҷ΢һܿľ߲ϣԼ£ǾҲһ񼶵Ĵڣ
ǿߵĶԿ˫һʱ޷ֳʤ
ħױŭˣкɫŨӰ纣˰ӿħ۱ѪĺɫӰֻһֲֻֻ֣ϵغɫĻҪҶܵɫĻ顣
ǵɫĻϵҡţ潥˵ơ
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˫֮ʱɫֵƺʲô궯ţһ޴ɫ𣬡䡱һǵɫֱӺħϣħĹֽһˣһɫѪ
ħħηؿһ۴ವһһƺڹˡ
Ҷϵѹʱ˲٣һµؿһħݵķǾԼܲһƣԼѾˡ
ҶĿ⳯ɫֵһۣɫ֪ʲôôǿ󣬾Ȼһͽ񼶵ħˣ
һθ񼶵ħҶħǿһ̵ʶħʵ̫ˣ⻹ֻ񼶵ħѣ˵ħлиǿĴڣѹħǿԻһ塣
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ǿеħǲģһһħǨ㵽ƬǶԪǺܿǶԣһγ׵Ĵ
Ҷɫȥ֪Щʲô
һƬƬïܵ˲֪ãԶӰҶǰϵȾһĨĨɫЩطƬɫֵľˣԵЩǱ
⾿ʲôطôãȻƲȥһƵ˵
˴ΣأЩսҲ޷ƿȻǣһо綾Ѳ˹Ϊ֮һ侲˵
˵мֶ죬ҶȥԶ˲ٻʺ˭ʱٻʺʶ쳣ǱûԪ½ʱķɡ
ٻʺҲˣ䱸̧ͷҶʱ΢΢һǵĿжʱ¶һ˿ɱ
û뵽Ҷ̤Ьٴȫѹ
ҶüҲЩ⣬û뵽ٻʺʣ˾ȻҲŽܿǣǶ黹ͦزʺٻʶԼЩƣһˣʺٻʿ϶Լɵ
ҶЩɻǣȻܲ׾ܱܿһ·ûʲô鷳ΪʲôٻʺʾŪǱ
Ҷ벻Ǿ棡㣬سʡ
Ҷ̯̯֣ҽʱ͸ʧɢˣô֪
ƨƿ϶ˣƸҽȻݹǲɱܲҶ·Ҫһ㣬ҪҶߥƽϻǣֺαðոŽ룿ϻǣֱ˼ǿǳĿͷ
ٻҲɫƵؿҶսʶԸҶһ׾٣
ƱҰ㣿ЦƵΪᱻһ㣿ûʱгҶмһʺٻ붯֣Ǳ㶯ֺˣôϻ
ҶתҪߣٻŭһߣûôף˵Ҳȥ
ʦ֣ϻʲôȴס˵ֻΪצҶĺץȥ
սʼΪҶһ绹ܵȥ
ʳֵ˲䣬ֻಡһ촫ΧѸٵ糤۾һ㣬ʾ˹ȥ
ЩĶܻصǳЩ֣һƾЩȥ


661 ܿǵľ
˵һսǿߵΪҪһЩףǣЩȻؼͣһƾھ֮ЩֻǱ˳ȥûеķѡ
ʲòƾˣܼǰ
Ҷ뿪һߵٻڿҪҶȴʱһٵٻʣһ֦ɺɨ˹ءһʵʵٻʵĸٻҵѪ
Щɫֲǿ̶ȾȻѷɫսʼǿߣ
ҶоٻʺҪԼ֣ת׼߶ܿٻʡһսȻԼǴ򲻹ٻʺʣԾߵʵԸٻʺӦǺɵģǵͷʱ򣬲ЩȻʱΧˣ˺ۣ粽ƣٻʸǱ磬ֱӴڵء
ܣҲ˺ܶྣľЩľȫֹûκΣԡ
ΪʲôٻʺܵЩľôΣգ
ٻʺʱסҶʼ磬ҪԼ֣תͷɫȥ
ܣ
վסٻʺʿҶ뿪ȫۣŭر
Ҷ˸̵ֻۣ۾ԼܰԼߺòãٻʺʣҶͷҲûص뿪ˡ
ٻʺһۣĪҶվŵĵطǰȫģ
𣡡ٻʺŭתеڽΧǵľľˣӵҶղվŵĵط
ڰȫˣٻʺʲһ
ʱΧЩԭֹ޺ľͻȻѸٵٻʺʾ˹
ٻʺɫ䣬ô£ΪʲôղҶվʱʲô鶼ûУһͱЩɶľϮˣٻʺʶһҪĳ嶯ֻܼ߶ϵعЩ
ܿѾһˣһ㱻ū׷ɱǱӣǰƬɫ֣Ƭ֮ãͣظЩȴʼҲֵĳÿηɳƬᱻȺӵľūΧˣûʲôǱҵľˡ
ΪнƬɫֵ˶ᱻЩֱҶ֮ǲŷ֣Щֻǣµ뵽Ҷոɵӣǿ൨ˮҪ³ˡ
Ҷǰţһ·ϵïܵľ֮Щ׷ױܿԶҶóһ·Ҷһ·ǰ߾ͿˡҶͷһٻʺʣٻʺƶظĺ棬ֻмףÿǰһǳѣҪķѲǰ߼
ҿٻʺǬ˲ٻָĸ߼ҩȻѾƣ߶ˣÿһСʱңǶóһöҩܼǰ
ٻʡʽȻ෴ǣǰҶǷɢһ⣬һһ߻ƬɫеĶط⣬ʱػͷ̼һٻʺʡ
˵ɱҾٶȿһ㣬ȻҾˣˡ
ٻʺÿҪѪغïܵľҪ׷ҶǼѵسǰ˼ף̧ͷʱ򣬷ҶѾе߳˺Զ
벻ͨƬΪʲôṥҶȴһֱĪҶʩչĳЩطɣ
Ҷǰ治ţָ⶯˶оһָܿ飬еʲôһпܿǻİţܿǻԼʧɢ񣬰ܿܿһٵܿԻȻԼ
ܿǻһֱڷѹһֱܿǻ꣡
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ټȻǸϣҿûжʱˣҶͷϷʵؿһʺٻʣػ˻֡
ܿ£Ҷһ·Ƭɫֵȥ
أʺٻʱԶԶ˺棬ƾʺٻǶֻؿҶԽԽԶʧɫֵ
ҶͷѾʺٻˣ洫ʺٻʲʵŭƲƲ졣
ʺٻʾܻܲͿܿǻԸˣҶȥܣּСֻּ޷ּӹҶʱ¶˾֮ɫЩ޷ÿһֻӵŵʵҶʮصΪǸ򲻹ġֻܿľ߳ˡ
Щ޷ҶΧƬ̣ûҶѸٵطӶȥˡ
ž޷ʧ˴Ҷ˼֪ܼܲܿǻ꣬ǰţһѵּС·˹ȥֹƬ̣Ҷ·ԵһСࡣ
ЩСʮȫƤСͷֻһңǳżĶ䣬۾ȫƤɫģҶָֻţߴﹾ˵ʲôܿǵԡ
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˵ĻҶȫܿǵĳԡ
ͨǸߵıȻҶſһЩ˼Ҷȥһط
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תͷȥҶߵĺ档
Сʱ֮Ҷ߽ǰ濴ȥһ̶ɫĺˮԲңˮһҲ֪˶ã׸ߣһɡϱһٵ֦Ҷܺõ
ï֦ܵҶ֮䣬һööȭͷСĹӣЩɫͬȴӨ͸ʣϵƷɢ˵Ĺ㡣
Ҷһ۱˳ľϽģʥ
ҶоȲѣû뵽ַܿһľ
ľϵʥԱժ˺ܶ࣬ЩϡϡӣԿһ£ʮö
ҪԪľö࣡
Ҷ뵽Լڵص¥õöʥĪöʥǴܿȥģܿԪǿ߽öʥԪǣ
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Ҷü˼ţľ֮䣬ĳЩ
ʱǸŹȵ¶֮ɫҶ΢΢Ϲʾ⣬ָָԶĺȻ˵ȥ
ǻûߣǸôˣ
ҶЩɻǸߵ˼ֻܰҶˣƬǶԺһƬǳʥ
˿ǸߣҶͣƬ̣Ƭȥ


662 ܿǻ
Ҷһ·ԶȥԶԶأƺһЦöЦƺЩϤһĪƹƹûһ
뵽Ҷӿ˽ŲǱ߷˹ȥ
ಣΧľɿȥҶԾ˺һ͹Ĵʯͷϣ濴ȥĿѰǰһ֮һɵۡ
ɫĺ棬˸ۼĹʣֲïܣ羰续ںǳˮһƥųɫں߾غˮƥɫһӰûʵ壬ƥɫԱߣƾţֻһɫ˿һһ㣬ظɫĺ󱳡
һɾҶЩ㶡
ϳһɫ˿Ŵƣһͷٲ㷢ɰʪں󱳣ǸոԡϣǰļϾһ㣬βԲ̣ͦӰ޳
ƺʲô͵תͷҶ˫Ŀӡ
ɫǣƴ˼룬漴һУæסؿڣزʵ̫ˣһָ治ѹ֮ˣ¶
ǰǷȫչҶǰҶεػתͷǷȴԺл֮ȥǷ״Ǳ̨ͰҲǺѷɫɡ
һУκһ˼ˣҲΪ֮ݡ
һĨҶʺԼٶȴ·мסҶĺ
͸ĺ⣬ҶףŮ˾ԲǿЦġ
ôƶݺݵصҶһƬģľһʥأľһػͨ˸񼶵ǿҪͻƵҲǺѣŻĴ󵨵ϴ裬û뵽ҶȻͻȻǸղǶˣ
Ҳ֪һɫƤͷ쵽Ȼˣ͹ˣ֪ѹϴ裡Ҷ̯̯֣һ޹ص
㡭ղſʲôƶҶ޺޵ʵЩˡ
ʲôûҶԲԵصղǷ滹Ժл֮ȥʱƸߣһƮıǼ֮˸档
ѣղˣŭصҶϵĵǰ˼֡
ҶָָϵĵѵҲϣҸ˵ʲô𣿻˵ܲȰѵ£ֲǹģ
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㲻ǹģŹһأ˵ȥһÿƵвȴìܣҶǵһȻɲȴǻ긳С
ưѵ£Ҷһѵܲ򵥣Ҫһѱˡ
Ÿղŵ龰ί֣ۿ΢죬ԹصһҶ
治ǹģΪղŵǸʲôֲһΪҶεȰԷϾһŮӣʱԼôҲñֳһЩС
ߺߡƲƲ죬һҶûصôģҲֺܽŮˣȻҶ治ǹģҲֻܰҹˡ
˵ˣһƤͷҹģߵһ룬ǸͷˣܹĻ뵽ϴ衭Ҷ̯̯ظһղŵĻƸղ鼤ûԼĽ͡
㻹˵ƵһҶƽ뵽ղŵһУջֹס̣һ˵Ǹľһ죬ľ峤
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ܿǻҶ۾һеʵģ
ǣָźƥɫ
ܿǻһƥҶסˣǻʲôһ̬ڵģȴû뵽ܿǻ꾹һƥ
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ԭˣҶ΢΢ͷѹܹƥɫʵ塣
ǻǹʲôҶʵ˵ָܿͻȻವһ˳һ߳ҶƵ֮С
ںϣǰɫ㻺صͷԵ쳣˳
񼶵ľߣƥǰҲǵ߹ͷ­ɼܿǻ˳ӡ
߽ܿߣҲܿǵػ񣬸ػܿ飡ƺӦʲô΢
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ƵĻҶ֪ԭ߽ܿߣҲܿǵػߡôܿ⣬Ϊʲô˵̫ܿأ
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ܿǻ갲ҵܿܿߣǴģƵ
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ܿҪܿǻ깲ܷӳǿʮλܿڵصҽм꣬ܿػܿػܿ顣Ϊ˱˶ܿĴ죬ʮλһܿ޵Ļԡ˵ܿõ֣ܿǻ˵ҪллΪܿĹף
ǻܿ޵ĻƭߣĪʲô⣿Ҷ°ͳ
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ܿǻô᲻֪Ҷص˵һϷκǻ궼֪
Ϊܿǻ㲻һУҪܿǵػ֮һֻһʱĪʧˣٴγֵʱܿǻѾ㲻ˣܿǻ겻֪ʧǶʱ䷢ʲô顣
ƵĽͣҶҲˣܿǻܿϵһ֪ƫƫ㲻йص飬ܿǻܲ
ʮλΪλὫܿûǿ֮УҶ˿ƥɫֿ˿ʵ
Ҳǿܿǻ꣬Ƭ֮ܿǻȴҡҡͷ
ܿǻ˵֪תܿǻĻ
ҶȴţôҪ£ܿǻ϶ֻ֪Ը˵ˣ굽׷ʲô£ʮλȥп϶˷ǳܡ
ܿǻ˵ܿѾʮΣյľأܿǸԭ񼶵ħǿ񼶵ħԽճ߸ϣܰܿΧħƶҶɫ
ǵʵħĶ֣ܰʲôæҶεصһĸ񼶵ħԿǲ


663 һͨ
ܿǻ˵ܿǸԪ֮һصĴ֪ͨͨֻѾūռˣܽǵʵʮأͨصĴͨǰԪǣԪǵԮƵ
ܿͨԪǻһͨ
ҶЩ棬֪ͨôɵģȻܿǺԪǣ
ܽͨӾūжٺòģԪǴϢԪǵսҲа취ȥˣԪǵҲõĹ֮û취ȥ
ǰܿʵһתվܿǿԵʮӵǻ壬Щͨܶ඼Ѿƻˣʮλ֮ܿЩͨûʹùˣֱŻָƼתܿǻĻҲ۾û뵽ܿǾһط
ܿתվ
ѹǰʮλƶǴܱЩӵǻġ
ΨһЩ˲ģʮλΪΣǽһҪתվûǿ֮УܱЩ֮˴ʧȥϵȻʮӵǻܱȵĸҪöࡣ
ƥɫ۾񣬿˿ƣֿ˿Ҷ
ܿǻ˵ǻں϶Ϊ0ôǻϼȡԸǻƽȵĴڣǣǰ½֮ϵƵ
ֻҪΧ֮ڣһ岻ݴǣҶ֣صصͷγһԾȣܹҵܿǺԪ֮ͨҲܻصԪˣ
ɫĺˮԣҶľƥɫ쳤һɹŨǳ֮˷Ҷ߾£˹
ǳ֮ǿ֮бΪһǻǿԴ߶ǳ֮ıһ˵츳Ǹ˵Ϊ
һǳ֮Գͷβظǿ
Ũǳ֮ţ£ҶƵܣ̺ǿʱյ֮
ʱյ̥֮ǳ֮ǳܻ֮֮以ʱŤܹһص˵ֻдﵽֻͨҪһ˿Ϊ
Ҷȫǳ֮ʱյ֮УΪֱݡ
յǳ֮ʱյ֮ԽԽ࣬Ҷڵľʵı仯Ÿϵ嶼ޱȻԾҶԵظо̺ΪǿˣÿһҶϵΪܣҶܹᵽЩĻϲȸԾ
ţŸΧһССУЩмתţǳ֮ʱյ֮γһС壬һ㣬ΧžŸת
ÿһ嶼γǣҶһµϢ
Ÿ֮Ҷо֮еһӴʮƺǸо˵Ŀ飬Ժеķɵһس˵֮С
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ҶΪѸ͵ţһƵٶҲʮ־ˡ
һϣǻһĴڣҪһ˵ΪѸʱǸ벻ѣ
ҶоΧŨɫǳ֮ǰõǳɢǳ֮ҪŨʮٱɫǳ̺֮ŲЩѽǳܹ֮ġ
Ҷɫǳ֮֮󣬾ǷɿתһУɫǳ֮ؾ˽ȥ
ɫ֮УɫԵ֮У¶Щɻ֮ɫҶǳ֮ٶʵ̫ˣֵ˸ǳ֮£˹ȥ
ʱһһȥҶһֱأ۾ȥ˫Ĺü䣬㷢ٲһ㴹䣬һ˵
ƺǸоҶעӣ˫뵽֮ǰ߷Щ飬΢΢һ˿ϼֺܿƽ
ʲôˣҶʵ
أʮֻһߣƵҶһһһֱŴﵽڵľ硣
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ҶƬͬܿǻİԼٶȴԱȲҶ
ҶģƲҶӺˣҶ̫ˡ
ҶֻĵЦЦܣƬѾܿǻټˣʵܿǻȥˣ
΢΢üղýҵ״̬Ҳûע⡣
ʱľϵҶͻȻһ£һֻƴСӡಡش֦Ҷ˳Ƶļϡ
ƽ㣬ľ峤ȥһľ´С࣬һ˫۾ˮģִԲǳɰ
Ҷɶ࿴СӼۣСӴа뵽С֪Сһôˡ
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֪ľ峤ʲô飬Ҷһľһ´ȥ
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ǿսʮأѷɫͨһ׵Ĵڣ
ǿǫҶЩܳҶףһжΪܿǻԵʡ
һԵȴԵʮ⣬ƺϰˣƸܿǻϵܺãܿǻܿϵĴڣЩľһ˶ǫҲ֮С
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ľ峤˵ػǻ꣬ܿڴǡܹԪǰᵽȱܿǣôǽľһԶѣת
ƵĻҶ۾һһӵսʮǿߵĲ䣬սʮǿ߶ӵһʥ壬ͨһصǿѷɫܸһ佨õĹϵǾһǷ飬ҶѾôˡ


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ľ峤ߴﹾ˵˼仰
ľ峤˵ʾǻ꣬ǻ˵Ըöʥߵʱ򣬻ԴܿһͬǰȻõǵΪﵽʮزУ
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ľ峤ȻûϵҶܾʥļƷ
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ҶǲǲԸæ
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ܷ뵽ԪǵҶʵûаգƸԪǻϵֻҪԪǻͷɼӦûɣҶֱӰѹԼˡ
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ľ峤˵Ȼ㲻Ҫʥľһ廹һЩأȻЩԶԶȲʥľһ⣬ϵϣܹ¡Ƽת
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ҶɡãŵǾȴ֮ˡ
ƿ˿ҶҶǸϼ֥飬ܿʲô䱦ܹȵʥҪ֪ʥһЩǿҲ뵱ԪΪػһʥսǧսʺͼʮģ
Ҷ֪ʥʲô𣿡СҶ
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ҶЦеؿһƣôң㲻˵һ㻹ϣҵõʥ
Ҷ٩ı飬ûصֻΪԪһöʥеϧԶ޷ᵽʥжôǿ󣡡
ҲҪʥҶʼ硣
Ҷν̬ȣûһգԼҶҶβ
ҶƸľ峤սǿߵ󣬽һ֮УһľС¥ﱻ֣ʮܡ
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ҶмľһȻػܿôĳ壬ȻôöҶЩɨһ֮󣬱ûʲôȤˡ
ľ峤һۣô䱦Ҷһ۵Ķû
ľһСЩ䱦ѾǷǳˣͨ˿϶۷Źˣû뵽ҶȴȤȱȱ
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ܿǸֵȻԪҪٺܶ࣬һϣȴԶԶԪǡЩõԪȥһԶǼֵǡ
ҶߵЩǰһѳ˿ƷϺ֡
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ڶЩ䱦ȻûһܹҶģľ峤һ£Ҷ˵㡣
ĶֱȵڶҪ˺ܶ࣬Ҳڷ˼ټÿһٶǾƷϵĵ
ҶЩ֮ⲽȴٳûоҪļ
ƿ˿Ҷ֪ҶҪʲôôƷϵĵóһԪǿ¶ۣǿ߿¶ҪĶȻЩȲʥҲǷǳ˲ˣ
һӳڵϣ鱦ҫ۶ĿĹâЩ鱦ǳֵǮƵҷţʵһǳ
ܿ۷ʱڣжٸңֳгͨ㷺Ϊܿǵػ壬ľһʦҲǳ֮࣬صĺöȻ١
༫Ʒս֮УľһıѾܿϱΪõıˡ
Ҷκζľ峤Ҳ޿κΣֻҶˡ
ҶƵת˼ȦľһλսʮǿߣʵǷһ
ƽҶĻתľ峤ˡ
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˵һʲôġƵȻĶܶ࣬ȫǾƷϵĵЩҲرȤȻԪǵˮƽܿҪ͵ö࣬ΪܹͨǻˣͨĵƼ࿴ۣҲ̫ȤҪĵģҲֻǻˡ
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665 󱯾
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ǿӸе㲻ͬӶù˫ΨǿЩϺƾɣŵģҲЩƷ
Ҷľٶľ峤ߴﹾ˵˼䡣
ľ峤˵ľһӣЩٶǾƷϣõĲҲܺãսʱˣ޷޸᲻öֻȰǷһ𣬵Ժٿûܽ޸תؿ˿ҶҶһˣľ峤˵ҶһöʥҶȻҪҪһͨҶ˾ĸǻˣ˵ӦöЩͨȫ۲ǡ
ֻһͨҲͰˣôƷʮƷ覵ĵҶҪǵܣ벻ס
ĪҶڱ˶Уҵʲôɣ
ƵĻҶЦЦȻߵǿڹžɵǰĳָоǿˣǿǰӣʼ淭
ھ൱а˶ߣ˶ķһЩġ
Ҷǿھ﷭ľ峤˿ȴһüͷĻ֮ҶȻǿ﷭ңĪǸоʲô
գգۣмڴͺ档
ƿҶȻǸˣ͸ôһ˿أ˶档ĿתؿҶıӰżðһ뷨֪Ҷһʲôأ
ҶϸظӦţﲢǺɵģĿ⸩棬ǻҵĵϢ棬һ޵ϢʼȷϢǴھ洫ģ
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ҶһĵĿһϣǰԲεĺɫ飬ֱ۴֣Լףһ˵Ĺ
һۿãһоϢǴعͷųġ
Ҷһֱעľ峤ЦŶ˵˼仰
ľ峤˵ععԭһƷľһһλսʾǰʹùģһսУعһʮƷնΣһΣһѾʧˡת
ƻľ峤˶ЩɻⱦôƷʮƷҶΪʲôһϳ˰صعȤ벻ס
ҶǰعбĽʸУĬƬ̣ľ峤ˣЦ˵ҾͿˣ
Ŀɻ;㵣һնϵĹӣʲôöԽԽ͸Ҷˡ
ƣľ峤Ҳ벻ͨľ峤λսһۣ˵ʲôǻΪҶ˼ĶһĵأǿҶĿǳ˾⡣
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ⶫȻһʮƷնϣǻʲôôһ䡣
һ˳˱⣬һƬ֣Ҷ׼ľ峤ˣǸȥʱͻȻǰԶԶسӰãǱͷɢңѪ͸ؤһ˲ٻʺ˭
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սǿߵϢҶٻʺһץҶĲݵӣΧЩƤСˣҲ֪ǴðģôСͷļƤúƤȫܲκһ˿ֵϢٻʺȻΪ⼸Сʲô֡
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ٻʺʸһ֣׺ݵץסҶľ峤˼״ɫʱ
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ľ峤Ĺȣһ䡱һ죬Χķ˳ȥһǿϢͷŶ
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666 ̵̵
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ҶЩؿĿ͵ٻʺʣɵƣһ·ϱľĥùңײľһĳǿߣ̶ֳȣҲһ־ˡ
ľ峤ȣҶϵĴʥߴﹾ˵˼䡣
ʥҶľ峤Ҷ磬ʲôˣҪôã
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ٻʺʿҶľ峤˽Ȼ֪˵Щʲôһ˿õԤУ˸⼸ƤС˵Ķ֡ٴ֮ܽУҲûˡϵĵҩ֮ĶѾõ߰˰ˣٴν֮У޾ľҲ·
Ҷ˿ʺٻʣתͷľ峤˵ȻһЩԹϾԪǵսʣɱǣе̫ϧˡϣľ峤ܹúõؽ̵ǣǲҪٱĳס˫ۣӦΪԿħף
ʥҶĻתľ峤֮ľ峤˿Ҷ񶼲ˣε͸¶֮ɫ
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ľ峤ʥתĻҶĿǲһˣ˾⣬תͷٿٻʺʵʱ¶˸֮ɫҶǸ߹ƷȻΪսʣʵ̫ˡ
ľ峤˵һúýˣһľһĽ̻вҶġʥ˵ص
ʥĻҶͬؿһٻʺʣٻʺʽҵˡϣľһĽ̻ٻʺܹϴĸ棬ˣһԼһƷ߹ˡ
Ϊľ峤ϢٻʺʸҶ˵ЩʲôҶûشһ
ľ峤Ասʮصĳϳٻʺ˹ȥٻʺСһȻǸӰСǵȴǴþˡ
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ٻʺһ߾ֵشУһ߲ͣ
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ٻʿʱѵ˲ңˣӲûжݺݵؿһԶҶ˫ĿгԹȴľ峤Ŀĵس˹һϺֱð
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ȻġҶصͷİɣǿ϶չ˵úúõġ
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˵ʺٻΪȻðΣսܿǣΪʲôŲҶЦŵʺٻȻɶ񣬵û뵽黹ġ
ƿ˿ҶƺҶϿʲôʲôûƲƲΪðΣվйˣǿ϶бطŻܿǵģңһȿõȨʺٻ֮Ȣң޷Ϊ˵˭Ȣң˭ܳΪһεĵ֮ͥ
ԭ벻ףһ֮ͥʲôõģȢô绨ţܳΪһε֮ͥôǰ׬⣡ҶһЦ
ĥĥҶһۣȻЦ䣬սҶЦʣҲô룿
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˿ƣûʲôȤϼ̸ȥҶûȤҲۿʼ
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Ҷھſǳתţʮ˿ΧŸԵ壬ŸеĹУǳ֮ʱյ֮ͬϪ뺣š
ϵ岻ϵ׳ţأʮ˿Ҳ壬Щոյʱ򣬻Щ¶ĿĵεţյԽԽ࣬ҶϵʼûȸԾ


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ԶܿǻоҶҲǲ۾ؿҶô̵ʱڣҶΪһ̨ףʮͻƵ˵ʮأҶ͸ϢҲоһ˿η
ҶϵϢһַϤУͬʱҲһǿҵѹȸС
ܿǻ꿴ҶĿޱ䣬ȻܿϣԲٿҶˣȴоҶ̺һЩδ֪ĶЩܹƿصġ
Ҷܹɳʲô̶ȣǻһ嵽Ǻǻܿǻȥˡ
ʵϣǻһУܿǻǱһ뵽ǿǻŵܿǻŸĹâʵǻһԶԶͨҪӵöࡣ
ҶʥڣѾȥʱ䣬Ҷûκ谭ڴﵽ˵ʮأƵΪѾսʶˡ
ܿǻ겻Ϲǳ֮ʱյ֮ǵٶȿþˣһ춥һ꣡
Ҷ˵ʮأܿǻ¶ЦݣҶȻֻеʮأΪһսһصǿǲˣǿѾԵֵסͨеʱʴˡ
ܿǻԸоҶƵϣһ˿ԪǻϢ˵Ԫǻ꼫ΪעˣֻҪҶͻԪǣӦÿ˵ԪǻԮܿǣϾܿݣԪҲûʲôô
ֻҪܹȷͨûб𻵣ܿǾؽԪ֮ϵ˫ʱ໥Ԯ
չ۾ʱ򣬷ҶڰŪǸϳɰصع
ôƷʮƷĵ㲻ãƫƫһϳɰصĹӣں˰ɣƿǸŽɫĶϹ٩
˭֪أ˵˰صĹǼҶȴǲΪȻصԺеķɵǳΣɵӲġ
ôܣһͲᱻʮƷĽնˡЦʵڲףҶΪʲô϶˰صĹһ
Ҷ룬һһɵ
գգ۾֪ҶʲôҶɵ̺һ˿ϵϢҲмֵսľĸо
ʲôګګʵ
ҶûлشɵʼǸعΪһƷȻˣعõĲ϶һЩǳĽЩɵ֮󣬾Ƕһ㣬ɵ
ƾؿҶĶɵҲ֪ʲôֻһ˿ΣȻܰһƷһ
Զܿǻ꿴ҶеɵҲ¶˾ȺȻ֮ɫҶɵһΣһ˿ζѣ޼᲻ݣıǿ˺̶ֳȣǻҲ޷֮ɣ
ܿҲĿתؿľµˣмֺӣȻѾܴˣ˼ȴȻǳСһ
ҶֺȣأһһСĵعֻǲ֮ع¶һЩɫĽ
һ˿ɫĹâŴ۾ʧǣ𣡡
ʲô𣿡ҶɻʵѱԺеһУȴȻ֪ʲôһֶӦĳּΪϡĽҲôʧ̬ˣǲ֪ʲô;
𲢲ƬĶһ޾ǺĵطģһЩĺ֮飬Ǹħһǿĵڶ塣ֻôһ˿ֵ޷ֵܵϳǧƷʮƷĵŷǳǿķЧһսףԶԿǿߣưԼ֪ĸҶг˾̾
ҶƵĽܣͦˣ汻Լ񵽱ˡɵСĵţعϵ·ֻһ㱡ĺɫĿǿаưС
ǿҶЦôƴһ飬ҪһսǾԲˣ
㲻һսףôһҲǼֵǰû뵽ܱҶ㵽ζؿ˿Ҷ
ԶܿǻüһܿǣԼȴ֪˵ܿϲʲôӲ۾ǣܿΪƬתվһЩǿĳЩַ͵һЩҲ
ֻһ𣬲Ҫ͵ˣĪ滹ʲôɣܿǻ겻ҲԴ˲˼ֺ档
ҶͷǲɫСĵһȭͷС𣬴ʱȴϣ˵ӡĹת͸һصϢ
沼˷ƣ˲ƿ沼˽ƣһۣϸؿ˿ЩƣüЩӡʮָǿ߲µġһ𣬾ҪʮطƿټЩƣƾܿǻ꣬ҪƿҲǷǳѣ
˵ʱȴҶɵɵһ
أӡ飬ϱһ̵ĵۡ
ⶫȷʵеӲҶͷͬ˵
Ŀ͵ؿҶֹеӲֱǼ᲻ưʮƷҲһ˿ۼ
Ȼ᲻Ƶ𣬾ȻҶɵػˣ
ؿһҶֵɵܻ˵񣬾ǿߣҲܱҶɵһѪɣ
˵ˣܿǻҲޱ𾪣ֻһ˿Σ˷ƵܻԶԶ͹ɵǿ
ؿһҶҶǴõǰѷɵģֻЩڵĳܣܹӵôǿɣ
ܿǻͻȻһͷһı˵Ļᣡ
ɵ˵ЩɫҪӲһ㣬ЩɫĻǼˡ
ܿأ㱻һ㣬Ҷڷһöָ׸һĶ
ⶫһöСļͨտĹûһ˿覴ã濴ȥһһĶߣӵһ㡣
ޱȾȵؿҶĵⶫɻҲ֪ʲô
ȴԶ̬ܿǻ¶һĨ֮ɫѹҪⶫصôһֱ͵ɵ֪ⶫ˭ܿǵģܿĳ·ܿǵǿ߰ɣ
ҪǱ֪ܿǾȻⶫò˶ãܿǾͻ


668 ĺ֮
СһԾҶļϣص˵ĺ֮ĵҪˣҪǱĺ֮һ֪ˣ϶᲻һйȥ֪˭ܿǵģĺ֪֮һöܿ˵һѣĺ֮һǲѷɫħǿڣ
ĺ֮ĵҶüͷⶫͬСɣѹ˰صôֻǲ֪ΪʲôĪ͵ʲô鷳׷ɱ֮ࣿ
ĺ֮ĵ𣿺氡ĿתؿţֻСͣţССĵĴڣȴƶҪǡ
Ҫô죿ҶСʵֿ˿Զܿǻꡣ
ܿǻͨС⨸ǽ
˵Ҳ֪С⨿յԴͷĺ֮ǵڶбȽǿĴڣӵзǳǿ壬ǿ֮е죬ԺܶҪõĺ֮ĵոշĺ֮ױռݣ
ĺ֮Ҫ󣬲ŻᰲȫҶʵ
˵ҪʮңʮǾͻӵзǳǿ꣬ٱռݡ
ҶЦԭΪԼ̵ʲôû뵽ȴ̵һ˦ѵ鷳Ҷռĺ֮壬һϣΪһ˽Ͷɱһе꣬һ棬ҲΪ˻øǿǣȻûĺ֮ôǿ󣬵ҶȻֻԸһࡣ
ɱĺ֮飿Ҳ˵Ϲȥɱĺ֮ǻᱻĺ֮һֹ׷ɱģӵӵȥҶ޷Խǿգػǵػʮ꣬ǿǶʮ꣬Īʮ궼ҪϵչһֻСĺ֮飬һרְ̰֣ǣСǸùģҶ붼ǰһƬڰ
ô죿ҶĴöСĵãȻ޷
˵Ȼ㷢ֻչˣòҪ֪һֻĺ֮飡
ҶĵĵЦ
ҾͦðͦɰģƵͷҶŵĺ֮һ壬ʲôһִأ
ôϲøɣҶ̧ͷڴص
ôԣȻ㷢ֵģ֤ѡ㣡æҡҡͷ
ô֪ôҶǰƣʱͷ˳ڣԿǰǻԲ״Ĺ֡
ƺʲôϽվֱ壬һҶڿʲô
룬ôСոշ᲻ҪʲôģûˮҶ治ɫ̯̯֣˿ƵزǰΰˮӦúɡ
ҶĻˢһº뵽֮ǰߵǴξһڣҶɫߣ
˵ĺ֮ΪʳС⨿˿ƣֿ˿Ҷص
ȿȣԭҶˣĺ֮鲻̣ΪʳζţԼҪֻСĺ֮飬ҪֳһⱾˣʲôô
˵ĺ֮ܵõǳǿ󣬸ոճĺ֮飬ӵսʼʵ츳׿Խĺ֮ǰﵽ񼶣ﵽ츳һģ֮ǰҲܴﵽ񼶣
ӵսʼʵҶʱˣ˱˰嵱У츳Ϊ׿ģǿΪҲҪʮǶʮﵽսʼҪﵽ񼶺ܿҪϣĺ֮飬ճսʣ츳׿ܴﵽ
ȻǱħҪǿĵڶ壡
Ҷĵĺ֮飬ĺ֮Ǹǻȫˣ
ܿǻİţٹҶƾҪ뿪ܿǣȥ̽ǰԪǵͨˣħĵ̣ܹ˳ԪǣҶƾҪԪǻλǰԮܿǣ
δܿǺԪ֮䣬ܻϵˣпܵĻԳǰ壬ӵǻ彨ϵ
ܿǻҶƴܿԼܿһǰԪǣ֮⣬ԸܿǵԪܿǻԸÿһöʥ
Чǿʥһ˵Ҳһջ
ҶʥߵĲݵϣ̯öָ׸ǴСĺ֮ĵط֮У״Сͣţ֪ĺ֮Ҫʲôʱܷ
ҶԵظоǹǿϢѾ˵ϵΪǵǿߣҲ޷ƿǡ
С˵Ҫιġ
Ҷ룬ĬĬת쳽һɹе֮С
Ƭ֮ĺ֮ĵ·ܵʲôزһһ㣬ͣؼȡΧ
СȻȡҶĵͣȡһֱԲӣҶȻҪҾͶһ㣡
Ҷ߶ԺеķɵɵһޱӴ⣬ͷų޾
Ҷڴ߶Ҫĺ֮ĵĿתضţмֺ棬ĺ֮ĵֱ㣬ͣؼȡţҶͷųǳҺ޾һ㡣
һʱ䣬Ҷڲϵش߶ɵͷĺ֮ĵһ޵׶ҶͷŶ٣ն١
УҶת쳽ӾŸƳ壬е֮С
ವһĺ֮ĵԼٶһ塣
ҶԸоĺ֮ĵ֮ǿǿ˲٣ƺҶЩ΢ϵ
Ч񲻴
Ҷ۾һ߶塣
ಣĺ֮ĵһһ壬Զһ㡣
أҶоĺ֮ϢڲϵǿţԼ֮Ҳγһֶصϵ͸Ӧ
ǸСڵвϵţ·ʱҪƿǶһ㣡
ҶڵԼķ
Сʱ֮ҶڲϵŬţԸоǵеĺ֮Ѿɳսʾ磬ɳٶڽ
ҪҶһգգؿССĵ֪ס˺
Ȼֻડһ죬ѿˣһɫͬһСӵ˳
һۿɼٶȱˣҶһָôͰ͸ԴԲԲģβֳϸԲԴϳһ˫Բ۾شȫµ磬۾·һű죬ƺûбӺͶ䡣
Сĺ֮¶ػ˻Դʲôſ조ԿԡؽǳԵһɶ
Сã֮ǰҶ鿴ǸǣǵǵļӲ̶˿ѷɫôӲĵǾȻճСڳԵˣ
Сĺ֮˵ǣֳ˲٣Ҷָôˡ


669 
ĺ֮Ҷ֮ţںشҶҶԸоԼ֮ŷǳĬϵһĺ֮˳ӵҶļϡ
СÿɰƿҶϵĺ֮飬˷ܵص
ƵСĺ֮Ǳŵˣಡһʧˡ
ȥˣĴ˿ɻʵ
Ҷоһ£ĺ֮Ѿ㵽ĺ󱳣ĺ֮ʱ򣬳Ҷ󲿷˸оĴڡ
Ҷص˵ͷĺּ֮һЩصıֶεġ
ˣҶЦЦԼĺ֮κ˶һǿҵľ֮ģҲһ
Զܿǻ곯߿˹Ȼû뵽ҶȻôʱھͽĺ֮ˣҶڵֱ֮࣬󣬶ұĺ֮ô࣬ҶȻһ㶼Ҫָ
Ǹոճĺ֮飬Ҳӵޱȳ׿սܣӦҶΪǿ٣һǰԪǾ͸аˣ
ҹĻ٣ҶƳźҹȥ
ܿ黯һ⣬һֱҶƵǰ棬Ƕһ·ǰС
Ȼںҹ֮УҶȻԸоϿյǷӶľū
ܿĴ£Ҷһ𣬴˳ƬƬɫԼɽ룬ԽǰߣūԽܼ
̾ܿΧľū֮ޣ
㾪˵ܶȣҶľѣ֪ħôôūģЩūһĳַʽѸٷֳܴﵽ˾˵
Ҷ·Σգ㻹ңܹһصԪǾ㹻ˣֱǰϹһĨȻЦݡ
ҶƣʼЦСԪʱңΣգڻͺˣֻһѣ
һܿǾͰˣ
ʲôϵΪѣû˻˿ɾʲôûˡҶ벹ˣϵĺ֮ͰԪ½ˡȻСŸշҲûʲôǻۣϾһС
ؿһҶû˵ˡ
Ҷ֪ǣԪ½˶ԣΪǱΪҪĶʱΪԼΪײϡյؾһǺܳ顣
ֻʮ־޴ľūųǧֻͨūȳһϿӹǵ۾Ǻҹеĵһ㡣
ҶСĵزš
ܿ˵ǰԽɽһתվǼǰĻ϶ᱻħ֣ܿ߻ǵסħҪ취ūΧɫ˵
ںڰǰ˼СʱȻܿǸӦʲôಡһ֮ǰһҶָ⴦
Ҷζ£һۣһ֪ܿ鷢ʲôǸСĵΣǰһ·ֻ̣ԶӰǵ֮С
ǰоŸˣͷܿǵػ༸˷ֱ׻ʡԪʵȼսʡ
Ҷ֮׻˵ӭҶҵˣ˵оϢǹˡ
Ҷ֮ĿĪʱҵԼʵеΣȥ΢΢Ϲ񣡡
񣡡Ҳһһ˿ǣȴû˵ʲô
һ񼶵ǿߣʵ֮ܿߺѷɫ
ߵص˵ͷû˵
ƹҲڣԱ߼˴شк֮⣬˸Ԫǵսʣ
׻һЦЦҵ˼ɢսʣϧûҵ
Ҷ׼ȥģԪ΢Цʵ
ҶһԱߵܿɢϢҶصܿǻ꣡
һݣһҶӹһĨ֮ɫҶô˵ʵ
ģҵܿǻꣿǿȥǻɣ׻˷ܵ˵
ǰܿǻ꣬ǾһζԿħˣԪʵҲǰͲסеļǻĿоһܵĴڣֻҪǻ֧֣ǻħļʱܴˡ
ʱһԵҲֳ˼ȤЩصܴҵܿǻ꣬ǱܿĹ
ļ˷ܲ٣ֻǲ֪ԭҶһֱĻɺ;衣
Ҷ񣬳ĬƬ̵ܿǻһ飬ǵɲܴһȥǻ꣡
ʲô飿ʲôǻҪһüͷ
һܿǻ
ǻ˸սǿ˵ǻӵŷǳǿսһսʴ߶ǻԸһԿ
ʱעҶ˵ʱ飬ȴǿҶ˵ѣЩеʵǼǻʲôط
ҶĻǷǳŵģܿǼٵǻ֪ܿһֱһǳǿǻֻѾʧܾˡ
ԽǰɽǱһдʮλΧ˽ƣħ޷룬ܿͨתվֻѾˡöܿͲ֮УҶĵ˵
΢΢üԳֻ֮ɫ
ҶͻȻ뵽ֻħ޷룬ȴǿԽȥģ˵Ѿ̽ˣ
ҶȻƽȣŲæؼ˵ܿǻ˵öܿĵصףҪطƿʮλõĽƲõǻѾ̸ƿƵķˣ
ҶĻüͷɿöܿôôûҵҲǺġ
ʮλܿħ޷ܿȵȡѾ̽ˣȻûҵǼǻΨһĿܾҶ˵һܿ÷ǳ
һǰƬǾͻᱻħ̽鵽ܿǻ˵Ǹħ񼶵ĴڣһҪǳСġҶ¶ǵɫ
񼶵ħǻǰ߲ɫʵ
ҲףǻţҶҡҡͷ˵װһ֪ӡ
񼶵ħڸ۲죬Ҫôõöܿ飿׻üʵҪﴫǺѶȵġ
ȻѾһܹ赲ħһʱģǽõܿ飬߶ܿħԿˣһ˵Źȣűǿ˥ϵȻ̺ǿϾһǿߣ
κ˶Сһǿߣ
ǣһǳΣյ飬һǰҶ¶֮ɫ
ΪܿǣϷȻԹ޻ڡ߿Ȼ˵Զؿһۣ߰ɣ


670 
ǰ濪·һ˸ĺ档
ҶһۣҲȥ
Ͱ˸սʵЭǰĳɹʾͻܶˡ
һǰĸɽ룬Ҷоڲ֪ĸ䣬һ˫۾ĬĬעǣ˷ľū·ĳٻһ㣬Ϣس߾ۼ˹
ԶѾңңˡ
һǳΰĴΧŵѤĿĽƣ˿ľòֻԼüɫĵʹִʯ˾ɶׯϡ
һѸٵ򿿽
һ봫УͲõħˣΪƣħ޷ġ
ϿѾ£ʮֻսʼľūоū಻סХŸ
Ⱥӵľū϶ʱǿƣһȺɨ˳ȥ
أľū׷ױɫľūѪһ׹
أֻսʼľū׵壬һȵУʱȫķѿȥ
Ҷ̾񼶵ǿ߹Ȼ
ɵ׻ʺԪʵ˶һ˿ǿҵĳ羴֮ġ
񼶵Ĵ̫ǿˣʲôʱҲܹﵽ㾪˵ĳ̶ȣǻں϶ȣǲЩʧ䡣
ǻں϶ûﵽˮ׼ĻŬҲѽ׵񼶡
УūԽԽ࣬ɢǿƣƵƵ֣ɱһѪ·ūڿбѿֱѪɺݣٶľūҲֵסһ˵ɱ¾
ıӻ֮£˶Ȳس򿿽
ʱһƬ޴Ӱһħ֮Уˡ
飬һμˣû뵽㻹Ҵ˹ħشЦ˻һ񼶵Ϣѹ
ҶƻһսǶʱ¶ʹ֮ɫ񼶵ϢֱҪǵѹһ㡣
ŭһͷ׷һǿϢҶ˸оϵѹʱ˲١
ܿǻݲţ뷢ŭţ͵ͻȻ
䣡
ħϢв϶ײ˽ū˳ȥ
סǿߣһ
Ҷһۡ
ߣಣ˷Ӷȥ˸սʿһ񣬳ĬƬ̣ҲȫҶƵȥǿ߶ԿǸ岻֡
ߣûôףħһѪ۾עҶˣһֳֻҶץȥ
Ķңһһȳħľ˦˹ȥһǿҵľ
䣡
ħľֱϣĲҽ
Ҫɱ㣡ħ״ŭ
Ҷ˳ٷӣмֻսʼľū׷׸£׻Ԫʵ߶ӭȥ
䣡
˫սһš
ҶսһصʵҲȥսսǰ򿿽
ڻ㣬ȽҶһһֻսһصľūֻūѪһ
ΪʲôܿٻƸҶ
ʱ򣡡ҶҡҡͷһԶսеħ
ҶͺһһѰɵĲ֮£һѰɵ

Щɵū֮׷ױһֻֻūըķѡ
Ҷɱūٶȣ֮Ԫ׻ʵҪࡣ
Ԫʡ׻ʵ˾ȵؿһҶߣʱҶֻһ߶ѣû뵽̶ʱ֮ʵѾѷɫˣҶܿǻ꣡
ֻǻôͣܽһô̵ʱڱһսǿߣ
Ҷһ·ڻƣԡѪս
Ҷͼᶨı飬кȻһ˿˿˿̵Ҷһɱһ㣬ҶµľūѾˣǸҶսȴһ̤ʵİȫС
Ҷǽ߾ȫڻȫûһ˿˽ģ
ƴһɲݻ࣬ദ֮־󲿷˽ӽǱ˽ĵģʡʡٻʵˣҶƺЩͬ
ĸѡҶԭɣ⵽ɱ¾磬ƷʾԵˡ
Ҷݼ㣬һδγ֣նɱһֻֻūȲŴǰ
ʱһֻսʼľūͻȻ£צҶؿںݺݵػҶؿڶʱƤѪɽ
ɱҶһ˫Ŀ죬ϵ˲ܲˣ߶ɵۡشֻսʼūڡ
أ
ɵֻūڱֻūʱɵıըըķ˳ȥ
ɵһֻսʼľūҶȻоǰһ󷢺ڣǾūצǴо綾ģ
ߣƼҶǰ˿ɫϣɫһ䣬æסҶҶշ𣬳ɱ
λսһ·ػҶΧһȫɱۣնɱֻսʼľū
ಣ
һ·ѪսʮӰӽ˴֮С
ЩūǷ̶ļХܲ˵¸壬ײڴΧĽϡ
̣ӹرʱѪɽ
ЩӵзǳǿķūһӴƱȫѡ
ʣµľūڴΧƬֻ̣εˡ
Ĵ֮С
Ϊ񷶥ԶռطԲǧףһشţһͷһ˿ʱ֮ת
⴦ĴϡǶô֣ЩͷѾƾɲ˹ѵĺۼЩѾ޷תˡ
ҶڴĵϣŬָڵơ˾綾Ƭ̵ĹѾȫϣǱˣ²һغǶҪˣҶصãްһƾ͡
֪ôˡ׻ʿ˿棬Щǵص
ƹǿҵܿ飬ǰȥԮɣԪüͷ˵
ƿ˿ڵصҶ֪ҶôģƬ̣׻ʡԪʵҡҡͷ޸ǰԪǵĴͨ
޸ͨ
ѵǽ⿪óܿ𣿡λսʶܲ⣬۷׷ס
ƹԡѪսģ׻ʼе˵ѾħĶ֣ٴȥҪħΪƹﲻȥܿ飬Ҫ޸ǰԪǵĴͨ
׻ʡԪʵתһ룬ˣûʲôܿ飡Ҷ˸ڣڻǽˣ׻ʵ˵ɫ
ɣ
ðΣվǣȴΪܿƭסħѵǲеĲ𣿡׻Ƣ𱬣Կָ֮ƺҶŭ
ҵȾԲֱ֮£λսʣһȥɣҪԪǾǻȥɣԪ޵ص
λսߣҪߡ


671 ˸־
λսʣƽͣƽ˵Ҫס׻ʵˡ
ʲô˵ģ֪֪ᱻǺģһˣܿͻݣ֪Ƕôصĺ𣿡׻һƿƣ
ڰλսʺִʱҶϺɫľ綾ϢѾȥЩĵվ
ҶɫݣڵˣܿҲݣܿǻмλ񼶵Ĵڣǲܿػߣ
׻ʵüͷɻؿҶҶ仰ʲô˼
ҺƼܿǻ꣬һжܿǻģλԸأܿǻꣿҶؿ׻ʵʵ
׻ʵ˳Ĭü˼ѵҶ񣿿ǻһλ𾴵ĳߣܿߣûʲôԾĵط
ִµʱ򣬴ڴһ͵Ӱ˽ƣŹȣβΡΡسҶ˹ϵ˺ۣȫѾѪ͸ˡ
û°ɣ׻ʵ˿ƽ¶˼ϲ֮ɫҶղŵǷЩǣǶûӭȥ
ôҵܿ𣿡ɨˣȴûлش׻ʵ˵⡣
ûܿ顣Ҷ񵭵ص
ţҲµˡ˵ͷƽؿҶ˶봫ʱͻȻˣû뵽ҾȻǸƭˣ
׻ʡԪʵǴһЩζȫ䱸ؿ
ǸüأҪħҶض񣬻ʵȻѾʱֱ̣˵ơ
ɫƽҡҡͷҲħһࡣ
Ҷɫ񲢷ħ񵽵ЩʲôĿģ
ǵĲ̫ˣҸ˵Ҳסҡͷ̾ϢһһУΪһ֮˽Ϊ֮Ϊе壡ΪʲôһҪػǻ꣬ǻūһǧ꣬ѽһп͸ֻɱǻ꣬ܳΪǿߣ
ɱǻ꣬Ҫںδ㣿ҶüοܿǻԲ飿
ֻɵǻ꣬ȴ壬ΪڶĴڡСں嫵ûκǰ;Եģֻڱ˵ʩͿ֮±΢棡
Ҷüͷɵṩ֮صǻֻ꣬Ϊ˱øǿѵ˵֮𣿡
׻ʡԪʵһۣҲͬҶĻǲ壬ʲô
˵ˣǲ׵ġҡҡͷƺͲµҶ˻еķӦں嫵֮УǻϵĴڣǴ˺ܶ壬ѾкܶǻĿƣΪǿĵڶ壬Ǿνĵ壬ͣͲǰǻһ˥ͻ𣡡
ôģˡǲܹͬҶɫ˵Ŀġ
Ҳô𣿡һһ׻ʵˣֻҪѡңǾǻΪħǿĴڣ
׻ʵȴǼᶨҡҡͷǿ¶ʧ֮ɫ֮ǰһֱ񵱳һ¸صĳߣû뵽Ȼô뷨
ȻǾˣ۲׻ʵ˺ܳʱ䣬ǵĸѾ˽⣬ǵѡûʲô⣬תͷĿؿҶе벻ףʲôʱʼҵģ
һҽܿʼҶһЦܿǸַ䣬ʱҾ룬Ǿһʲôķ䣿Ǹַʮλ裬רѹĴа˵ġĴа޷롣
ߡһʮλǼΪмģЩȫȫΪǻµˣǸڱū۵ˡ
ҽ뵽֮ܿ󣬳õ֮ܿ⣬õܿ飡Ҷ˵ҷܿ޲ǻܿʮλµԾ֣ǻöܿ飡ҳʱȻҲһ۾Ϳܿ޲ǻȻʱȴ˵˻ѣ
û뵽ôãȻܹܿ޲ǻһΪһսûõˣֱܷͨǻ֮𡣡ɫƽؿҶһʱ飬Ȼˡ
Ļϲˣεöôãܻ¶ġҶƽ˵
׻ʺԪʻȻԭʱҶѾֲˣֲҶ뿪ʱҲҪСģʵǿ
ϲĻȻħħ֮䣬һЩףѾ棬û취Ҷؿһ
ƿһҶףҶΪʲôٳٲܿͷųǸʱܿͷųܷӦҶƭˣϸħ֣Χܿߣܿ߾͸ûӮĻˡ
ħ߾ȫҶ̤ܿҶƭˣƭ˵ܿڴ棬һħ϶ˮҶ˷Ž
ֱҶ˽봫Ȼ
ؿҶ˵ǻҵʮˣҪǣҾԲΪһ˽ΪĸΪ壬κ˶ڣȻǽ˴ǾܹȻ뿪ܿ𣿡
ǷΪһ˽ⶼҪˣҪǣѾħһǵ޷ı
úͿħᣬ뻢ıƤħԸ𣿡׻ʹļ׵ص
˿Ϊٴ̾Ϣһǲ׵ģħ׼ֻǲ˽ǣǹη壬ŲһЩᣡ
Ҷü֪ħʲôԻħһֱǻΪɱ¾࣬ȻΪħ˵
ҶĴ󲿷ǻΪԸԼػǻֻ꣬Լġ
˽ģԪǻܿǻ궼㲻ûʲô˵ĿΪңǻ໥ģǻ괴࣬ṩ֮أʹܹǿ󣬶ǿ֮󣬿ԶԿħػǻ꣬ҲػԼļ԰
ҶһУΪǻ꣬ΪԼҶˣ
Щδ˵Ҳ˵ͨΣǾԲ뿪ܿǵģк֣Ҷ˵ִԲǾֻˣ


672 ˣ
׻ʡԪʵɫϾѾĬĬתʱ䱸Ҫһս
ǣҶ˼ʮսʣҲȻһĶ֣Ͼ׻ʵΪߵҲսضѣмսʮص˵һսĿܣһӮĻᶼûС
Ȼôһ׼ûУҶŲæȻһЦܿߣɣ
ֻಡһܿɳһƾճ˴֮УҶǰš˻˻£һ˫ͭ۳вض
ܿߣ΢΢һܿߣһܿôãܿ߻һЩ˽ģܿƳʱѾ񼶵Ĵڡ
񼶵Ϣ˴˶ţţֻܿߡ˻˻죬ǧһ
УѷһϾѾ˴ĺ֮꣬ܿߣȻҲ˺ܾãļ˵׳ʱڡ
ҳϣһȷʵˣҶɫƵص
׻ʡԪʵ˾ؿʼ޸ǰԪǵĴ
ܿǻͼıվʧܶաһݵλֻҪͷܿǻȻ㡣Ҷ
һҶƣ̾һһȷʵˣ޻˵ǻں϶Ϊ0һЩĴڣǣСһ㣬ǻȦף
˵֮תȥףܿߴȥҲʲô
ಽȥıӰҶƶ˼һ仰ʲô˼ʲôǻȦף
ҶĬãǷʲôŻᱳǻꡣΪ࣬ǲǻ֮أ٣ǻŹͬĵˡħǻ겻໥ǵȴǵģֻлһ;
ֱ߳˴
뿪׻ʡԪʽԶ겻ѣԭһǳ˾صĳߣϧȴħᣬа
˾ڴͨǰоƬ̣ͨԪǵĴͨòأһ޸ͨڿʹˡ
߰ɣҶһ׻ʡԪʵ˵ȻֿܿߣػͨȻѴͨƻǾû취ˣ
ܿ߷·һ㣬˵ͷܿͨ飬Ȼ֪Ҫػͨ
׻ʡԪʵһս½̤˴֮ͨУһҫ۵Ĺʧ˴ͷ֮С
ĴͨԱܹܿΧʱյƣֱԪǣǾ԰ȫġ

Ԫǣսʵ
תʮѾȥˣеսʶۼսʵ˴ҶҺ͵֮ͥĽΪսʹעĽ㡣
ףԱ߾ʵˣҶҶĴսʵĽ䡣
һٶλսϯضͷܶǶСţһҶҺ͵ͥ˭Ц
½һЩսʿʼ̬ͶƱ
ҶҵսȻ֧Լļ壬⻹һЩᶨվҶһߵսʡ
ܿأҶһʮƱ
ڵͥǱߣʵ˻һЩᶨֵ֧ͥսƱ׵شﵽ˰ʮš
ʣµһЩս򻹴ڹ֮С
ͥռ˾ԵƣͥʺսʻжʮƱͥһ߾һٶƱˡ
ҶҪͥʱһЩѶȵģ
ʣµսţԪ½սʼܹʮƱռ֮һңһͥƱﵽһϣҶҪӮϣͷǳãˣ˾󲿷ֻǻᵹͥģΪͥӰս֮ͥĹϵǳС
˾ҶûϣʱһӺ洫
ʻǼλսʰƱͶҶң
ô
ʰһֱڸ֮ͥλãһҪڵ̨ˡ
ǰʱ䣬ӭ˼ʥʽеʾˣ
ҶҵƱһӴﵽ˾ʮƱѹ˵ͥһͷԭ˶Ϊͥ϶ܹѹҶңʴһսʺȻˮһӾ
ؿһԶʣɫе㲻̫ãѾѹ˺ܶ꣬ǰȻҲһЩСûиˮ棬񾹸ҹȻµսʷˮǲ̵ģǶð
Сǻں϶ȳ70ţѾҪսˣţǾԲøҶҵġСǵͥδϣ
ӮңҲ̫ˣһʾһ£˶
׻ʰƱͶͥˣС˵
һƱˣͥһγҶң
ĽϼҲͶƱˣȻͶҶʮƱ˼Ϊ𾪵ص
Ľϼôѡ֧Ҷң
˵uʸҶߵúܽмˣĽϼҶˣ֪С͸¶
ҶҲһƱ
˫ƱһսǵҲɵøһγֵıʵЩԾû뵽ͥҶҶһЩ֣
׻ʺĽϼͶƱ֮һЩԭսҲ׷׿ʼͶƱ˫Ʊ׷Ҹϣһֱҧúܽ
Ԫ½սܹͶʮƱͶƱ֮ҶһٶʮƱͥһٶʮƱֻʣ°ʮƱûͶ
ѾڳڶսǷǳԾˡ
ԭΪҶǾ޷ͥģ϶ᱻͥѹԵľսʤǳϵǣͶٶƱ֮ҶһõƱȻҧŵֻͥһƱѣĿǰΪֹȻԤϣ
ǵһοʼҶ½ˣһ½壬Ȼڶʱ£ôսʵ֧֣ʡĽϼķڣսҲн֧Ҷңʱκһ˶޷СҶҵӰˡ
ɫˮͶƱĽȻ޷¶ЩʵϣڵĽǳ⣬ͥԪ½Ӫô꣬Ȼһ½忰ƽˣϺѿ
սʵһˣҶȻЩǳš
ͶƱڼ½мȨͶͥҲͶҶңʣµƱ٣˶
ϾҪֳˣҶҺ͵ͥ˭Ӯ
ۼŵͷҲûҪҴˣ΢΢˵ͷڵͥļսȫͶԼƱͥõƱͻȻﵽһʮƱ
Ҷ½½ֻõ˼ƱܹһʮƱ⻹ʮսѾʾȨ
ͶƱȨѾٶʮţֻʣ¾ƱûͶȫͶҶңҶҲӮˣΪҶҺ͵ͥĲѾʮƱ
۴ˣͶƱѾûȻˣСԼҶï˻ҪҵͥʩʩȻֶ۵תͷһҶڵķ򣬡Ҷ˶Դûɣ


673 ҪЮ
ѩʵ˶̾ϢҶһõָ֧ͥҲôһѣҶԪ½ྭӪܹ꣬ͥһȷʵˡ
һҶг˲ʣСҶïҶҵˣȴñɵֶĨȥ˼䣬ǶСܹȻȴ
뵽СĺӣһҶ˿ʵĿǳޡ
۶ףһֱؿţȻͶƱѾҲ˵ʲôˣֻҶ˿ʵĿ˳ޣ޲⣬չȥǺܲõģҶҺ͵ͥҪֵòɿˡ
һüͷȷʵЩˣҶҵ˶СȴҪǴҶ߶ߣڶŮǼĳޣҲѹҶҵ˻˳ˡ
ҲΪ֮ǰľЩڣսеӰҶǿ϶ͥģϾͥԪ½˺ܶԴס˺ܶ˵ҶҲֻһ½ѡ
Ҷ԰꣬СҶİ취۴οҶôȰһҶǵ˵
ҶŴսȭͷֱ¶Ȼô˵ҶףǲǰҶҰˡ
Ҷ㹻ǿĻֵõţ
ҶȻӦʲôһϲվȵȣͶƱûн
սʵڶսʿѳɶ֣Ѿվкܶ˶Ѿ׼˳ˣҶֽ˻
Ѿˣ㻹ʲôѵҪôսʵľɣﲻǶ½ǼȻԪ½ҪԪ½Ĺأʳһص
һսС۷׷ףҶʱ˵ٶĻûˣϾͶƱĽѾԶ׼Ԫ½սʵͶƱ飬ûбƷҶҪǿƻأսսʵ
΢΢üղѾҶˣҶҪʲôѵҪֵòɿ
ҶҲʣֶ˵۴ˣǷÿһսʵˣͶƱȨ
Ȼ䲻֪ҶΪдһʣǵ˵ͷ
Ҳ˵ЩϻǵսҲͶƱȨҶʵѾоԼķѾƻ׻ʵ˻صԪ½Ԫ
ܿǺԪǴͨĳڣԪһصĴ֮С
ôľ룬Ҷ֮Ѿϵ˫ľ˲䶼ڱ˴Ժ֮Уܶɻ󶼵õ˽
ʱҲͻȻоʲôҶ˼΢ЦŵͷǵȻҲͶƱȨ
·һսЩ⡣
ЩϻǵսǻȻҲͶƱȨǻزˣ
ʮλϻǵս֪ѵҪϵЩսȫͶƱɣ
ҶҼ˵ĻʵǺ塣
ڶսʵۣ΢΢һЦҶνʱЦͻȻϣΪомսʼϢԪǣ
ĪЩϻǵսĻˣ
Ƭ֮󣬵׻ʡԪʡƵ߽սʵʱսʵˣû뵽׻ʡԪʵĻˣ
սʵһսԭΪ׻ʵ˴ȥǱɵˣΪ˸˺ܾãû뵽׻ʡԪʵ˾ȻˣƺͰ˸սʧãԪ˵ĪˣһսǸˡ֪
սǶ׻ʡԪʵȰ˸ս꺮ůѯϻϵһЩ飬ԭǸ򲻽ϻǶܿǣ֪ܿҶķܿǻ꣬ǵؽƭת׻ʡԪʵ˻صԪǣڶսǿҶĿⶼЩһˡ
ҶԶ½󲿷սǶҶһǱһģһҶ׻ʡԪʵˣ˱˴֮ľ롣
ңҶܿǻ꣬ǷĿκǻ궼ϵĴڣҶȻǻѡУƷȻŵùˡ
ʿһսǵķӦɫÿ£벻Ȼֳı׻ʡԪЩսʾȻܿǻˣʲôʱãƫƫʱ
׻ʡԪʵػԪǣȻ˷쳣ԵѺúһŷ֣սʵƺе࣬ǸոջصԪǣ֪﷢ʲô顣
սʵĽͣǲԭίЩţԭ뿪Ԫ½һʱ䣬Ȼô飬Ӷ½ǨӶҶڶ̶ʱһӵʮλսʣҾȻͥˣ
ʵЩǵ󣬲ⲢӰǵͶƱ
˸սʺԥذԼƱȫͶҶҡ
ҶǸû취صԪ½Ǿ֮壿ǰƱͶͥҪָżģ
λսʣλǰʮģһҶһֶʮƱﵽһʮƱ
ͥƱһʮƱƱ
ʣ»оƱûͶҶȻ󣬵˷̵Ļᣬڶսǵһ
ĪǵܱͥҶҷ̲ɣ
ƱֻƱѣ
ʣ¾ƱһӾԵ÷ǳؼˣͶͥĶѾͶˣͶҶҵҲѾˣʣ¾ŸɣЩԥΪǵƱʵ̫ؼˡ
Ҫ֮ǰǿܻƱͶͥΪҶұϾǴӶ½ǨģҶӮͥƺЩףһҶȻ׻ʡԪʵһսʣ˶ҶҴΪĹۣһӾͳˣҶƺҲһЩס
Ҷվһע˵ķӦ
ƱܹŸˣǻԥ
λսʣȵһͶƱҶһЩҪ˵ҶͻȻ˵
ҶͻȻڣȻЩ
ʣ¾ƱΪǷӦñֳĬͶƱԼѡ񣬶ҪӰǵжϣʳҶһۡ
ͻȻ˵ǾŸѡƱսʶʱоѹǶΪ²սʣƽʱǶȻҵ֮ͥʵģɨʵӣʿܻǣǺڵļɾ鷳ˣһʱЩɲ
Ÿһۣ룬ҪȨɣȻҶҾˣҲ֮٣ǲûж
ʴˣҲûӰǵжϣֻǵȵͶƱҶʵ
ǾŸսûͶƱҶѾﵽĿˡ
մܿǻķۣ۴ˣһЩҪ㱨ܿϵܿǻ꣬ܿһ񣬻ѷɫǿߵսʮظ֡ܿǻ껹ҴһЩԪǵλˣܿһľ
ҶĴҶ˼ҶȻܿǻҪЮʱ̣
۲òϣܿǻϢ˵ȷʵΪҪǾȻľϢ


674 ת
ֻԳһ£˾
ȷʵʲȣӮĻЩãҶҵôںССǻصҶңҶ治֪ҪֳʲôҶǿǱҲ޷Ҷǵ־
οҶϢȷʵҪþͶƱȡЩϢѾռıˡ
뵽˴ǾŸûͶƱսʣʣµսǰƱȫͶҶҡ
ˣһξΪСһ۴Ҷ⻹һβսʵͶƱ
۵ĻشҶŵˣһԶʣЦһʣΪҶô׻ᱻڲ𣿵ͥ˲𣬽ô㣡
λսʳٳûͶƱеľƱҶҺ͵֮ͥʤսʵеսʶעǣʮֵԥͶƱͥҲǣҶҲá
ҶĽ飬˺ܾöûͶƱ
Ȼֳ˼Ȼ֮ɫǸ뵽۾Ȼʱǣһ˲䣬Ǳ˾
Ȼ۶Ǵˣǻʲô˵ģԸʣҲԸ۰Ҫ֪ۿԪ½֮ףԪ½û£ۿ
Ȼ۴ˣԺ鷳ֱ۾Ϳˣ۳ʲôµģ£ǿ϶õһЩɣ
ǣŸ˶ϲɫذʣµľƱȫͶҶңҶҵƱ˲䷴ﵽһʮţȵͥţ
սʵ˾֣ûϵĽ
Ľ֮ʿһԶ߸׵ֿۣһҶг˲ʣǻۣôῴֽţȻǾŸսҲỶϲصذƱȫͶҶˣһģ֪ҶʲôֶΣȻͷάҶң
Ȼúֲܲ﷢Ͼ۵ǲַġ
ȴʱҶ߿˹ϴŵĳŪ֮ɫ
ɫѿõĵ֮ͥŴζһССҶҷѣȴܴ죬˻˵أ
бҪ֪Ҷ׵ֶΣȴֲ˵˵Ǿǲ۵ӡ
Ȼȷʵˣ˾ҪСҶï˹ԹԵؽȥ
оҶǳƵĿ⣬ŭؿһҶվҲǣֱӳսʵȥ
һսĿ߳սʵЩսʶˣҲˣǾŸսʰƱͶҶӦġ
һΣͥҶϣɨأ
ڶս˽ţʺ֮䣬᲻ΪһЩ϶ۻ᲻һλ
Щ鶼ܹܵˣǱȽǣϣ֧ҶңԺսǶҶҵĵλ
ͶƱϣһսǹ۸ǣ½뿪սʵ
Сʱ֮󣬻ãȻ֪еСԼҶï˱ͻҶҡ
Ҷһսʵܿǵ飬һҶҵսǻصҶҡ
ʥҶء
СЩãȻؿŴҶǣǱĨȥ˼䣬Ѿȫ벻Щ˭ˡ
ҶïҶҲһĮؿŴңҲûǰº͡
ҶЩؿСҶïˣʳ˷ŭʶС˺䲻ܣֻĺӶѣ
СĲл걻߱лָĿܣҶïȴûа취ָˣֻǶǽʶˣ½ˣüƽʱҶïǹϵȽϺõ˼Ϊġ
СĿƵҶϣüͷŬ˼ʲôƬ֮ɵؽһҶ磿
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ûаСָ䣬ΪʲôСܹԼʲô
ǰô£Ҷɻʵ
ʱҶԣߵӰУҡҡͷҲ֪Сϴȥ˼䣬˵˭벻˲ǣ
ҶСҶˣСȴһ벻ˣֻϡǵҶҶһǿҵСҶ룬֮Գôֵ飬ܸܿЩϵɡûзֻ꣬ҲҶï½Ҷ֮ĸ飡
ҶСĲлƿסȻֱŻСڡ
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Ҷɸ磡Сһ£ؽеǵ˽ҶɵĻ
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СָһҶǶʱӯѡ
Ҷ硢Ҷɸ硢Ҷ诽㣬ǶôˣôˣСԻû׹ʲô飬ֵؿʵ
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󲿷Ԫ½ǻϣҶ̨籵ĺҲһţδҲܹΪԪ½
ҶۼҶ̨֪籼ϢʱгΣʱһֱδ̨ߣܿǵķˣͿԷֳһȥ̨ˡ


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֪ҶսʺҶһޱ˷ܣԼսʻҪˡǶף֮нĳɾͣҶģǶҶ˸ж֮ġ
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ʱ̨籿Ըо̥ϢѾԽԽǿǿ˴ǰκһӤ
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۵ĻҶתһ룬ˣһ˿϶ӦϹµģ
ӴĻȻһܹɵģղ̽һ£ֹǺսͥԼʮսΧҲ˲ƵһЩ󷨣⹤Ҫ޽ɣһѴŭǺսħڵͥÿһսڼ飡ǽǺս·Ǽλ񻹱ڹ
۵ĻǺս󱳲˿˿⣬ԭѾͼıôˣһֱȻ֪ܹʵǽң
ԷֶκܸõԪǴδй󷨣ҵ۾ͥиսҪˣ˵ţһɵѹǵض
ǺսһսǻЩͨӵڵأ۴죡
ǿ֪Ϊζ˶ܸо۵Ŀ⵭شԼɨ
۴ˣЩħӦΪ̨Ҷֵ
ۿһҶ̨籣˼Ƭ̣ˣһһλŮרŸտ̨籵ġ


682 ħ
Ҷһ֪֪ʲô˵ħ̨ҲòŰһλŮרտɣȻλŮ񲢲ÿʱÿ̨籵ߣֻʱ̹עˡôһ˵Ҷʶ̨Σգ̨ħ˵ǳҪ
ղ̨ʹҶΪҪˣûˣֻ龪һҪ̨ھҶЩףΪողžôյ飬Ҷ̨ľܵӰ졣
һҪʱ̨߲Уһħǻݣ̨Σˡ
ˣǼʺȻһȻߵʵЩӡӣ޽𣿵ʱǶЩǸʲôõģǼʵѾѸɨǺսΧЩѾƻˣԭЩӾ󷨣
褻Ҳ뵽ʲô۾ʣȻҲ
û뵽ǳϦദʣȻħˣ
ʱɫǰѾ뵽μܻ¶м֣Ҫɻأû뵽ǱǼʡ褻ʵ˷ˣŭһΪҶ̨
кţԭƻУǺսΧĻ֮ħİ¸ħ̨֣类ҶķᱻƣʱǳǺսˣڶҲ޷ֻû뵽ϹȻ֣ǵļƻҶĺӰ֮ҲԶԶǵԤϡ
λ˱նֱ֮Ҫӽ̨籣ɱ̨Ȼܣû뵽Ҷǫ̂籡
뵽˴ʲ֣ԭֻŽ̨籺еĺӻɱвٻģħҪ̨籺е̥ڹܴɣ۵ֻѾ˾
ĴХҶҶעʣǴ߶еĺӰ֮
󣬻񣡡ŭһ
ʸо⵽һۡһ³һѪɶ
۽ֻһ߶ѣˣԵڵأˡ
Ѻң۳ȻѾ¶⽫һͻƿڡ
Ǽʡ褻ʵǰץסʣʱħݺᣬضҶҶŲ֮
۴ˣħħ֣ħħּΪԵһħ壬ܻܿᱻƣۻλսʻСģҶϽѵոᵽħħֵİԵ쳽޷֮ȫ
ħ壬ᱻħ֣һüͷ䣬ħֽˣǰħҪһץסħ֣Ҳױ񼶵ǿ߲û뵽ڽֻħ壬ħ
ǰ޷ħֵģΪǿ߿ƾħִݻ٣֪ħֵװԵ̶ֳˣȻĿ͸ǡ
ħһǳµ壬ΪвϵظսԲϵؽһǳС彥ǿǻ궼е¡ܹǻĴڡΪǿԲϽǲŻееĲħȥࡢǻ겻ܱøǿĻࡢǻֻ꣬ǲп淨
ʱѺǰսʵˣ֪ܴܲϵõһЩõϢ
ƽϢҴ˿ʼؽǺսʣҵҲѺûȷǷħ֮ǰųġ
Ҷһֱ㻤̨籣ȻΣˣһλŮڹעҶȻһЩʱһҪչ˺̨籲У
Ҷ̨类صǺսıԺ
ղҿԪǻˣԪǻһŮˡ̨ḧԼĸҶ˵ϸüһ˼ʲô
ǻһĴڣǿԱ仯ɸ̬ŮˡҶ˵Ԫǻ궼ע̨ΪʲôȻԪǻ궼ע̨ӦûᰲȫһЩ
ҶûмԪǻ֪꣬ÿ춼۲һһĴڣҶһĪĸо̸ȴҲû̫ĺøС
ΪԪǻ̫߸ˣһһ㸩ҶȴһԸܵԼˣһ쿴ԼڲԼˣоЩ졣
ȻҶࡢ޸Ԫǻ֮Ĺϵ໥棬˭Ҳ벻˭
֪ԪǻʲôҶﲻ뿪ʱ˵Ǿ仰˵ҪǻıĪǻʲôıɣ
ͷҲֻԺһҶ뵽صھ죬˵Ƿ÷ǳ͸ǻ֮䣬ûΣ塣ȷʵҪǻҲûҪǻңҪԼǿԼˣȫκˣ
úϢһ°ɣҶ̨籵֣оڵ֮еħеˡ
ħһ˿ɱиٻɱ̨籡
ħ־ȻҪǲ̵ģ˲òʱ
̨籵˵ͷڴϣЩǵؿһҶҶɫЩá
Ҷôˣ̨ʵ
Ҷһ̨籣ǰϣ˸ĸԵĹԣ֮ǰ߸ϵһ˵֮ɫ
̨Ŀ⣬ҶһּᶨľģôҪػ̨ĸӣ
ҶЦҡҡͷû£ѱĺӰ֮ݸ̨籣ɫȻᣬҳʲô쳣ľٶѽɱң
ҶĻ̨𾪵̧ͷҶ
ûϵģֻһѡҶο̨籣ֶѾһϢһϵ֮ǰһҪԼ˵ţ͸ңһǿգоһĿעһλǿߡ
ԼħһԼκҪΣ̨籵ľٶλͻ֣
̨뵽˸ղҶ˵Ƿ˵ͷѾЩˣֻҶһ
ҶĺӰ̨֮֮ڵ
ڵħѾʼŷ˿˿ƵħʼϮҶڵľǡ
Ҷе벻ףΪʲôת쳽ڵǵ޷ѹһħ֣һ˿ںϵļ
ħѸٵţǵħֲͣҪҶ˼룬Ҷɱ̨籡
ڲǵħ֣
ҪңܣҶһŭڣħҲ̫СˣȻҪɱԼ޶ǿЦ
޷ħֶԿҶ룬ʼ߶꣬һɹ
ħָо֮󣬶ʱЩսҪڵ
ҶЩˣħĳֶ߶ѹûЧģΨܽѹ


683 ħּ
ħҲ֪㵽ȥˣϵͷųħҶȻҶĵ֮УҶڵһһɨ˹ȥħԽԽ࣬ħƺҶεһЩҶгһֱ
ԿħֵʱҶл㱿һЩ󣬾ͺһһΣҶμԼһɱ¾ħͷμԼһߣμԼǿһͭŵ֮Уͭŵը˳
˸ξ˸ƬΣ·ᴩǰ
ҶһֱԼһУĪǶɵйأҶҪЩξҵ𰸣ȴǺͷ
ħַ·ҶصħҶ֮УǸҶһĽɫСˣɫޱȣͷųħħֵħҪǿʢ
ħڼҵضԿҶüͷһħħЯģҶԸⱻƣһħЯģԼһַϤУҶҲ֪ħƾǺǻ
Ҷӿǳʹ̨࣬һԵǵؿҶʱƣ̨籷·𿴵ҶһҹӰҹֳ棬
ҹϢ㣬̨籲˼ɵ˵ڽ֮صʱҶĻͻȻһ޴ҹ棬һӽ֮صص׵ˡ
Ҷȫɥʧǣ
˿ֱ̨̣ǰҹʱоǰҹʵȵڽ֮صʱҪǿ˺ܶ࣬ǰҹ峺ʱǰǰɱ¶Ƕ˼֮ɫ
̨籸Сое̥ϢҶ׽ҹҲǱϢȾǰǰ㱩壬Ҷ֮ʧ١
֪Ҷôˡ̨籽עҶҶʲô⡣
ҶȻڵأħҵضԿţò˵ħħȷʵǳǿ󣬲ҶŵħƺҪѷɫ˼֡
Ҷͷųħѹסħֵħڵ֮֮Ҳҵǵħֵڡ
ǵħֱһ΢Сķ۳һĶһľϵڣҶڵ֮һСҹ棬סǸľϵ壬Ȼľϵڣץǵħ֡
ħ־ȻصһľϵڣصҲ湻ģ
ϾҶֻǸոձħ֣ħֻûüʵǿһħַħ־ͻҶڵںϵһҶжǿħ־ͻжǿʱҶħָɵѾǲˣֻħֹ
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Ҷһüͷǿнħִڰγôͻ
ħִڰγ᲻
ϸ룬ҶҲ֪δħֻ֣ħֲͣҹײҪ룬ƺǷǳҶҹ棬Ǹҹ濴ĵħ֣¶˿顣
ѵһħָԵ
Ҷڳɣ֪ΪʲôԼоƾղħһֱеħȻɵйأֻǲ֪Ǻǻ
ħռݣԼ᲻һħͷ
ħħֻ֣ܹвҶһħȻУҲУ
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Ҷü˼ȴʱ벻֮ˣ̽̽ħʲô˵
ҹõҶָ콫ǵħħ˽ȥԿҧܵӣħħǱҶҹسԵˡ
ҹԵħ֮Ҷֳ︡ħطЩħħЯĴм䣡
ħħЯط֮⣬Ҷ֪˺ܶܶħйصѶϢԭѾħƣڵħѾˣ
ԭԪǸľŸħħȺнΪСĴڣƬޱߵ֮Уһħ죬һԽĴڣͳħս
ħϵĴм֮Ҷ֪ԪΧħĲ⣬񼶵ħڴԽǿգԪǡܿǶ
ԪǵʱѾˣ
ҶȻ˫ۣһ۾ľǱȾĺɫħħ֮Ҷһǿ˾˵ĳ̶ȣΪҲǽףﵽսؾ硣
ȻħݺᣬȫһֿµıԵҶǻѵģûбħơ
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Ҷôˣ̨籼Ҷ԰ҶɫƺЩֲĵʵ
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Ȼ֪ҶȥҪʲǫֱ̂ʶ϶ܲ򵥣˵ͷ

صھ졣
֮УʱͿռŤ໥ţʱյ֮תͷ޾Ŀ
ڰţϢתɫĹâɫһҫϣеͬ׹뷲ӡ
΢գ΢زţԵóˣٵĺڷ£ĵհ񣬷һĹС̣ͦ촽Өһһ£͸һ˿ɰΣƤдһ˿⡣
ϴһƵ˿ȹճģʮ覵βӯذڶţ˼Ϳɰ֮
һߣҲܻûһֻ޴Ӱһ̵ֻĳһ̶С۾͸¶ɫ
һɹɻҵضԿţвʱسֻþ
ʮβèȣ̫ʱʼǿĻʦһѾʮβèѪͳҲûǰǰ㴿ˣȻǷǳǿĴڡ
֮вʱһֻ޴Ȼһֻ޴ʮβè˴˺ҧ˫ˣȴʼûзֳʤ
ϣһĨ԰֮ɫҪԿҪӦǿµĻܵѹ֪ж󣬵ȻҲòȥϲ˺ۣʱյµġ
֮£ȻоЩȴû̫˺ۣΪЩʱյ֮ԻñĹâ壬Ȼˡ
˺ܾãϱ׿츳ΪѾﵽսʶأʱյƵҲһΪ̵
һߵľΪҲǴﵽսؾ硣
Ҷ̨ʱ򣬰ΪӾԻñ棬Ҷ̨籸֮Ǳռ壡


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֮󣬴һ½ڽԪ½Ҷһֱ֪ԭҲԪ½
Ҳ֪ܻ˶òħżǿĸȥҶ縴𣬰ҪȻɱʵʼ޷ѹ
˫£ֻؿһ۰꣬ವһһ⣬ӳ硣
뿪վҪ׷ٹȥ
С꣬׷ˣ׷ҲĶ֣ʱһӰ˰ǰһ۰꣬΢΢һЦɣ
ЩɣʱԻñâ˸һ£괫һ˿ѶϢؿһû뵽ǰ˾һ
ʮβèһ壬ѾþûгˣŰ꣬¶˻ϧ֮ɫ̾뵱꣬ȱһͬս֮ʮβèһΪػԪҲʧء
ĻҲ¶˰˵ɫ
ʮβèһ廹Ǹ˱𣿡һ۰еԻñʵ
ᶨص˵ͷֵڸңҵʵ
ʵȷʵ̫ˣһ񼶵ǿߣҲδĶ֣ӡԪ½Ҳ밲̾Ϣһ
Ǹ˵˭ȴǴδ˵зǳɻֻ˵ʮβèһȱսǸ˵ɱèһʹɱ֮ǾͲٹܰ˭һˡ
ɻɫЦЦ˵㻹ʲô֪
Щεص˵ͷһֱϸҲû취
Ƭ̣˫֣ңԶ¶ɫʵڸҲ޷̫ʱԪʱڣһȺˣǽоһ壬ǵһλѷɫԪǿڣȻֻһ񣬵Ѿﵽ۷壬Ҳֻһ֮ңѡһһַǳǿ츳ûٿ˵˼롣
һ壿һĪʮβèһ׷ɱģǸһ죬ʮβèһһôԹأ
ڵʱǸһһֱԪʮβèһһԪǵػߡ渵һΣħԪǷ˽һҵսǿսһλΪ˵ֿħͼþһĻ츳ٿħ츳׿ȻǳɹˣķħɱôܣȻҲ˻
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λ֣ħħӰ죬仯ħʱǡԪһܿǵϣԪֻʣʮβèһ峤۷ǿߣʮβèһ峤е˲֮С
΢΢Ϣţħħ˰Եһ۷ǿ߶仯ħ
˭֪ϵ׷ʲô飬ʮβèһ峤սλһоһˣһսˣһսʮβèһ׵壬ʮλʮβèһĸȫսȻһλȴʧˣ
뵽ڤеıڻһڵʱȻΪǿȻȴһϦ֮壬ʮβèһ壬ҲѸٵûˣܹõʱһսǶô룬鲻мֳء
Ϊ׷ɱһλ죬ʮβèһ½½вǿս׷ɱһǸΪʮβèһ峤ʹһֱڡмָп˵꿴ꡣ
Ǻôˣ겻ʵ˵Ǹһ첻ѾӡΪʲôûбɱ
ǸһΪһǿħ۷ʱڣ಻֣޷𡣡̾ϢһԪһ켤սҽ֮λżȻ֮䣬ټڸԪս֮ǸһǸգԸأԼӡ
޷ͻƷӡɱ𣿡꾪ʵĿǰ֪ΪǿˣҲǸĶ֣
ЦҡҡͷԼӡѾħзǳǿĴˣҸĶ֡
Ĭһеʶԭʮβèһĳˣôǿ
Ȼ겢Ǹһ죬ΪǸǱħħƣɥʧǲſʼɱ˵ģɱǸˣǰΪʮβèһ峤޷жΣΪôȱսΪɱǸˣػԪǣ
ʵϣǼ鲢û˶Ǹһ콫Լӡ֮ɢħȻʱ޿̶ӰԪϵһУϢٿ˺ܶ࣬ڼʮβèһΪ˻ɱЩһƵ࣬Ҳ˲ءȻһ̾Ҳòʮβèһ壬ΪʮβèһԣѾǼ򵥵ĸˡ
Ļ΢΢˵ͷ
ӦǽļֻʮβèĺˣʮβèһȱʮβèһǿĴУصھ档һ۳ڷ򣬵ղ뿪ֻҲѾħħأ´һҪСӦԡ
ھȻ˽ƣħħֵˣǿԽֻҪǿڵħͷųͲᱻ˴һѣҲû취ɵ
ллͷаΪֻǱȸ壬û뵽Ǳħħֿˡ
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۵ԣҲоҶϲͬѰϢɻؿһҶ
۴ˣҶ̹ݵعֵ
΢΢ףֱԵҶϵħô£
ұħħ֡Ҷ̹Ȼص
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Ҳûбħħֿƣǰɵˣ֪һЩ顣Ҷۺƣɫ˵
֮ǰɨǺսʱ򣬾ѾҶе㲻ԾλŮ񱣻̨籵ͬʱҲʱעһԵҶҶʲôԾȽҶסֻû뵽Ҷսʵ˵һ
㷢ʲôĿؿҶҶ˵ĻʼձһֽŽɵ̬ȡ


685 ħ
ѾħħֿˣνǺսģҶЩصλȴħƣ¹Ԫ½İΣ֪
۵˵ͷϹѾ׷鵽˵ͥҲ鵽һЩ֤ݡ
Ѿ֪ˣҶ΢΢һ㶣ԭۻ᲻ỳԼ˽𣬿Լˣתһ룬۵ĶǺսĴ£ۿ϶˳ϲ鵽һЩɵҲ
ЩɻʵʵҪԸҶ׾٣ΪƣӶشѹֱų֣Ҷ룬Щص
ҪҶңȷʵǺܼ򵥵ģҺǾԲôġȷʵصúܺãֱոգǲ֪ѾħơҪԸĲҶң֮ǰһֱûֱӶҶҶ֣ѹҶҲڵȴʱͳص
ҪԸ˭Ҷһ£һ˿򣬻Ȼˣ
΢΢ףԪǻ겼˺ܶԾ֣㡢ϹСę̀籵ȵȣпԪδûȷĿ֮ǰȻִѹҶңȴ֣Ϊһ֣Ԫ½Ĳþͳױ¶ˡڲ֪ԭǵͥʮ˸ս˼ϸһֱڵȴš
ֱȷĿ֮󣬾ˣҶһԪǻص̫ˣ˶ƭˣڣͬʱħҲõ÷ǳܣŵͥ͸սһֱڵȴĳ֣
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ҶЦһȫˣҲ֪һ˭ֶ۵ǾҶлǻˣ
ʱҶѾǰȫˣҲеĽ̨籶ǸСһˣûгȻѾѡˣ
ȻԼĺӶԪǵҶĻ᲻ԪЧ
۵һЦƬ̵ϵħ̫ŨûǲҪӽδ
סҶͷ۷ģϵħħħħħ£ҶɲҸ۵ˣԼ;һǿħħǿħħ֡
ƿҶ˼ʲôҶȻɵħħ֣δҲ̫ˣЩǵǣҶħħ֣᲻һЩ֢
˷ѱħ֮⣬һ֣ħԴڶꡢϻġ½ħħֵĴм䣬½Ϲڤֱӡһ˵ͷ­Լ֫
ҶĻۺһۡ
Ҷע⵽ۺƵɫǲûκξȵӣ·֪ˡ
һǳǿħ޷ƿǼڤķӡɱ޿κΣֻýƱסԪ½ÿǶɱһЩƵħˣֻû뵽Ǳ͸Ԫ½̾Ϣһ͵ֻܼϣԪܹһλǿɱ
۵ĻҶȻףֻܽǸħɱѹԪ½ǶǿҵڴһĵΪʱħв
ħֵĴУһõһϢԪǸоŸħңԶǿ֮У԰ټƵħ߹ȻǴԽǿտֻҪǼʮʱ䣬ǵʱԪû㹻ǣʱܿӻ𣡡
ܿǻõϢһµġ
ۺϢ΢΢һָֻܿƽ
Ҷ˵ħ֣Կܲܰʽڵħɵ۳Ƭ̣Ҷ˵Ҷħ̫أȻ޷ȫҶ
ԡҶͷۺƵĹǣ⣬Ϊϵħħ̫ˣҪۺΪҶǷħħݣ˹ʲơ
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ʵӣۺƽԶɫһǽҶͬ࣡
˿ҶҲһĪԼϵħƭħǵ۾ħǰԼϳͬࣿ
뵽ҶЩ˷Լǿƾһħ쵽ħмȥ
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Ҷ룬һҹ棬ҹ濴ǵħ֣ʱ¶˼̰֮ɫ
оҹϢ֮ڵħֶʱЩη
ͨĻħֶԿܻܿᱻħֵħϮΨħħܻħ֣
ҶҹЦЦſͣһҧڵħϡ
ħֱҹһһ˺ҧ븹УܿأħָоΣĵѸٵӵĸ룬ҪԱ
Ҷ»ҹ治ͣħ֡
оҶ͸ĹϢۺƶ¶˼־֮ɫû뵽ҶϵħȻ̶ֳȣʶҶ۶ΪԷħ˶ɱ
ҹ治ϵ˺ҧħ֣սڵħȥҶԸоԼڵħȻ˺ܶ࣬սҲֻһ֮ˡ
ħֿԼҹΪ
ڵħϢԽԽǿˣҶҸںˡ
ڵħֱ֮ϵħȥָԭģֻʱڻ״̬ûѹ
ۣһ뷨쵽ħмȥܲܵõϢҶ֣صض˵
۳˼Ƭ̣ͷ˵ֻҪΣԪǣʲôҲ棡ȻҶڵħ֣Ҷϵħʵ̫Ũۻ޷ȫҶ
Ҷ˵ͷеǣЦЦָǣ۵ˡ


686 Ҫˣ
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˰Сʱ֮˹ڱħֿʱ䷢ʲô飬ѾȫûκμˣΪҲ˺üΣܹסѾˡ
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գһжؽ֮У˶æµţȻǷ棬ȴ̺Ų
Ҷĵڶ̨籡
ʱһ޳վŮǺսڴԴϳһԼĶ䣬ʮë׵βͲͣذڶţ׵ûһ˿ɫ˼ֿɰʡ
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688 
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ڳΪԪ½ִߣҶûж˷ܸУΪԪ½ִߣ෽֮Ժг𱨳׶ˡҶ˿̻ںӽ˷ܵУϾȥܱġ
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ҶһֱŶӣһͷյؿ̨籡
̨籱ӶЦˣȡְɡ
ҶͷŻпɰСƬ̨̣籵ԺͽҶɣ֮ܶʼշתȻԪλ֮ĵλǾʹǰλȡһ֣ϣػԪǡ
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С츳û˵ģոճѾսʼˣʮʮ꣬Խڻ£ϾСһ
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ʥĳǿҲΪ֮Ķ֮ܿǰ۵ѾõԪǻָػܿǣܿǷʲô飬ԪǱȡ
۵˽ЩΪսҴȫ£˴䣬ȻЩ˹
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689 ڤ֮
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ҲЩ֣ǿ²ô׷ܿǣҶЩǵصҪԮٶܿǶ֣
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ҶһЦܶʱ׷Ѱһ壬룬ЩѡѡĻÿ˿϶ϣԶȻܶʱǱѡ񡣼ȻˣǺβȥḶ́ΪҪ׷ѰԼͽգ
ҶĻüͷ΢壬ŵ嶼֪Ǹɵûʲôˣת룬ҶĻȴ͸һ˵ǻۣÿģһɵֺη
лȻʣҶ򵥵һ䣬ȴ̺һֶĸ࿴˼Ҷ治֪Ҷôᣬô˵Ȼ
Ʋ֪ǣҶѾˣȻԼһ
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嫵ǿ֮г̫δ֪ĶĳЩͻȻ٣ܽҶػĶҪپЩǾֻоܵȥ˽ǣ
Ҷܸܲ˵˵ǼŶЩʲôˣƿҶʵ¹кϣеˣϣ΢΢һĨϼ
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ܿһֹصƽУλܿǵһжþҶĵʥ
۵λ˽̵ܿԭס֮⣬ʱ̽ܿΧҪҵħټǶʧˣһ
ħ֮ɵߣֻܱ֮ϣ۵ֻܿĵصȴš

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ϵħԻãҶԶȥǰһƬ赲סԼȥ·
Ҷߵ˽ԱߣָŽƣҪ֪һ½Ƶĺȡ
оһħԼ̽ʲôҶҲͷųڵħ
Ƭ֮󣬶ԷǸоʲôƲ赲ҶǰҶ˽֮Уո̤ƣҶ㿴Ƶڴվͷޣֲֳָ棬ף༫Ϊ
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Ҷ˳俪ĵصȥľͷȻ޽һӴĴͷһȫںڷֵ̫ڴԱߣ̧ͷһҶоҶϵħƶ䵭˵һȥɣ
ﵽʲôطΪʲôȻһͨģ
Ҷгɻȴѯʣֻװʲô֪ӡ
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ħ𣿡Ҷ΢΢һ㶣һǬͳöħʵʱ򣬻ǴôһЩģħмҶѾȫȱǮˡ
ңǸֵ̫һħЦһӣһϾջһѶҶöħ¶̰֮ɫһҶǬ
Ҷ¶˾֮ɫսǿߵϢ˶̫š
̫һεЦЦԴһ˿ĵصû뵽һսʼǿߣ̫飬ðȻô˵ȴǽöħԼĿڴҪĸУ


690 ħ֮ǣ
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Ҷͷų꣬Ҫ̽ڤȴڤ·һƬ޾һ㣬κζ
Ǿһʬ壬׻ûбѹڤ棿
ĪǽֻһŪĻԣʵϣڤһ޴ı
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ҶԭΪڤ֮ԼῴǸһʬ壬ѹû뵽ʵġĪǣǸһ첢ûôںδ
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·Ͼ˶ЩʬȻȫ޶ԣȫؿű˴ˣ͸׺⵶һ㡣
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Ҷڽֵϣ۲ΧһС
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ֵżһЩ̯ˣҶ㿴˼ۣǷĶԼ֮ǰûģѪܵͷǡĵ㴥֡ͨڵĳ޵ʬǡһЩħƷ
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ǵĨҶʺĺھҶʺһ֮ĵطͻأͣΪҶذѾһ˶Էĺϣ
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˵ʲôҶԪǵʵЩ⣬ԷȻһŮˡ
˭ǸһַǳɬʵΪʲô׷ң
ֻһ·ˡҶֵ̯̯û뵽ԷҲԪǵԣȻ˵˳ܹ㹻ˡ
˵㵽ʲôͼȻɱ㣡Ǹһһɱ͸
ղű͵ϮʱҶоԷֻҪƷԼûɱԼ˼ûĶ֣ŮʵսصӣҶŻǲڶԷġ
ܲȰ£Ҷ㲢ûж⣡Ҷһ˺Եɵ͸һɱһ㷢ɱնϣƮ
ҶǸŮȻоɱüë΢סҶʱҶҲסҶԱʵ˭˭Ӯ治֪
ǸŮ˳Ƭ̣ѷҶϵذϵϢȻҶֻҪҶ춯֡
ǸŮ˷ذ׵ͬʱɵҲƾɢ
ҶתͷſŮ˵ĳࡣ


691 Ļ
ĳͨһЩͬһͷϺɫŹĳһֱ䵽ʣһԶģҲһϺɫƤЩ֣µپǵ̵һ㡣
ŽĺɫƤ£Ƥ·͹µĹýģؿǸʵŮеסһĸоϴŸ߸ߵƤѥذĴ¶棬޳ʵ
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ҶȻΪԷһŮ˶СΪҶע⵽Էϵõذ֮⣬ͷϺɫޱȣͨ˿ͷ㷢˵ΪԵҶȴֱʶһͷϺɫĳҲһǿɱ
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ΪʲôҺ棿ԷضҶϺɫ֮ͫУһϸСİߵȻ
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ڳĻ϶ܹһ۾ϳǰԪħһ壬û뵽ԪʧѾõ壬֡
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СӣȫѲԽҶӰ˵аȻҴӾүˣСӼֱǲˡ
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Ҷ΢΢ͷһۣһƤƤѥ޳Ըеߣһҹľһ㣬Ҷע⵽·ʱŽż⣬ûһ˿Ů˾һĴ̹̿ͣԵҸո֪ԭĻǣ
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Ҷ룬֪͸¶ǲЩף
˵ˣ˵˿Ҷһڱ׷ɱ㲻鷳ҺЩ˵һħһģ˿̿϶ѾһЩѶϢ˵ҲѾΪǵ׷ɱ󡣡
ҶüͷûҪƭԼû뵽ʲôħһ廹ı£涼û¶ͳ˱׷ɱ
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ҪߣҲ㣬һ˿ҶصĻϢ߶ԶҶ׷ٵұץסˣΪ˱ֻܴҵˡҶʼ
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Ҷ΢΢һЦҸԩ޳Ҳʲô鷳һʽףʽףǸǷ
ʲôףüɫؿҶӸղǷƵֶΣоҶһȤˡ
ҰӹǼ˵׷٣֪йĻǵһСҶ
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ҰӪ㹻ʱ䣬ôҶĽ׶¶һ㶼ɣҶֻ֪ĻǵһʲôĵطΪʲôдͨԪǣħ̾ﵽҪЩʲôȵȣЩҶ֪
˵ЩҶûʲôʧҶ˵ЩϢ̫ҪˡҶһֱ֪ģӦñȴЩͨħҪöࡣ
ȴҡҡͷɬЦһµô׾ܵΪ˦ѺǼ𣿡
Ҷ¶ɻεЦðɣʲô֪ħ֮ǷΪڳǺǣԲʮۼħˣҪ뿪ħ֮ǵˣҪһų뺲У뺺ܹҸûôǮҳǲζžͰȫˣ⵽Ǹħħ֮ԽԶ̾ħԽǿв񼶱ģԳ֮ǵû
Ҷ΢΢һüͷû뵽ȻʵĪǣûʲô취ܹܵˣ
׷Һ˵ˣħ֮ǵһλ壬ʵսʮؾ磬ӵսʡµֻҪһħ֮ҵҵģ
׼ô죿Ҷüʵ
һһ죬һʵڶ㲻ȥˣͬھˣʼϵ΢Щɬ
ΪʲôǸ壿Ҷʵ


692 Ѫɫ
ĻϹУ塢԰ڼƵħˣħ֮ǳڣһĴں԰ټƵ񼶵Ĵڣ⸽Ƚǿʢһ򡣡Ŀ⿴Զǿգ΢΢صӰɱһڵǣѾħˣǸķ²ǸħһˣӰɱһ˵ħħ֣ҵǶħˣֻһɵħħ˳
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ĻħƵ𣿡Ҷʵ
ҡҡͷĻǵѪħһˣǸħһڵڶ壬Ѫħһǳϡ٣Ҳǧƾãƿʮ壬ͳħˣһǳǿĻǣħҲҪѪħϽħǸĻƿߴЭ飬ĻǵһĻϺȨơ
ԭħĻǵƿߣֻĻϵͶѣĻƿѪħһˣһĴڣЩϢҶ˵ǳҪʾ¼ȥ
ĻǴѪɫı߾شѪɫƿƬ߾شһǳӴĳɵһǻƿصģޱߣѪɫҪ񶼲֪Ľ򵽵ж󣬾˵ڸһħƿصս룬ʵҶҲ޷ûָܹ׷
ǻƿصĳĪԪǽֻԱһǳС壬ǡͨһͨı߾ִٽ߽Ļǣ
ҶоӴޱߣסĵܿҲֻзǳ۵һû֮ǰÿǺڰǿգ˸ȺǣҶ룬浽ж壬Զδ֪ġ
ޱߣе֮
ڲ֪ԭкܶӴޱȵÿһĽ޷
ԪֻƫԶشһǳС壬ﻹδ״̬˵һ죬ħӱ߾ɨԪɲǼҷ
ԪٽѪɫѪɫȻƫħһߣϾ״̬ûжս
Ҷһò˵¸ϢǷǳ𺳵ġ
Ӱɱһ۷ʱλĴڣٶλսʣǱħˡµдż˸кͻָֻܿ顣
֮ս˵ҶˣԪǣҲһиƲʲôˣ˵һιˣкܶĴڣӵλٶλӰɱһ壬ҲǱˣҶжʱǿҵΣС
ҶʶԼ縺жô޴ԪҪȥĿǰʵǶȻģԪ֮ûб𣬺ܿҲֻãûбħһӰˡ
ԸԣһССԪǻǲֵһᰡ
ȻħһĻǵһƬ򣬵ĻҲ밴ѪɫĹ£ħѾںսԲԸѪɫѪɫǱߣǵʧħһĻ¶
λѪħһ֮£ǿߺܶ࣬ϵ۸ӣħҲò˼棬ϾֻмѣĻϵ֮࣡·ŵǰĻϵơ
Ҷ΢΢ףĻһǿȻ˴֮䣬ָ˭Ҳ˭ħƢ𱬣׷ͻħȻĻϺҲֻͶѣǲ˳۵Ҳ٣¿϶˼ɡ
ħĻǵʲôҶһʵѪɫıԵشԪôͨԪǵĴͨҶòСľ衣
Ҳ֪ҡҡͷֻ֪ħǲϴ°ӸǿߣЩ˶תȻһֲֻħ֡
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뵽ҶͷƤ飬Ǿֲ̫ˣħǵڶ壬ÿһħٶսʼ񼶵ģħԲøǿߵзþˣ
Ҷ룬־òԣħĿϷÿ°ӵˣֶ޷㣬ħķٶȸǻܹģѾˣӦҲĳЩԭħ
淨ǹƽģûһ޾ֳ
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ҡҡͷεصӵĻˣҪ뿪ĻǣҵһЩ˽ĴͨҪĻǴͨ룬ҪõݣҪʮħҲ˵ݺѻãҪóʮħҲǺѣ
ʮħѡǹеѸ㣡ҶһԼǬĳǬħмϽмǧУû뵽ħⶫĻҲͨ
ȻʮħǮȻ˵ʮħ֪ʮħĻǵƽ˵ζʲôֻһЩһóôǮ²ؿҶһ¶ӣֻý͵ӰħϽѪɫͨңĻǳˮǳġǳ衣
µĻҶͷһӰħϽȫû˵ѪɫͨңǳˮǳġǳͨңԪܹҵǳˮǲ֣ǾȻҵôӰħϽеˡ
ҪôܻӰħϽ֮ĶҶЩеʵ֤ʵԼĲ²⡣
Ѫɫרһֽħ޵ĶЩħҰɸֿʯ岻ϳѪɫħǾͿʼɱǣǵԴлȡӰħϽ֮Ķ
µĻҶһԭˣԪǱιǵĻӦþѪɫߵħˣ֪ԪǵĻ뵽ԪǱȥģǻΪĳЩԭ򣬱˴Ԫǣ
ǰߣ֤ѪɫǺߣĳЩħ˴ȥģҲпħɵġԭģԪ󴫵ҥ԰ˡ
֪ӰħϽ֮ĶѪɫжֵǮܻʲôȻһЩȥ
Լ˵ʮħ¾ѾıˣҪҶǬ㼸ħ𣬻мǧϽ𣬲֪»ʲô롣


693 ħ
ѪɫӰħϽǹ¢ϵĶΪͨҪɱħÿ˶֧ħһ˻ܲˣһ㶼ֻйǵ²ųȥȡħޡʮħѪɫ߾ĺһսʼǿˣħһ񼶵ǿߣǸū°ӹġ˵ūµ¶һĨ֮ɫʧȥˣҲʱпܱ°ӳū
ʲô˵ʲôҶ˰˷֣ץסµֱۣʵ˵ħͿ񼶵ū˵ģ
Ҳ񼶵ǿֵ߲ħҲ̫˰ɣ֪϶Ԫǵħȫжȫ˵
ô㻹񲻳ɣһǼֵħ𣡶ҴĻǳҪշתʮ߽ܵг·ѾҪ߰˰ħˣ°һҶҶôһӾ͸һ֪ħǶǿĻһǿߵȫʲ
·Ҫ߰˰ħҶ΢侲һЩԪǹĴͨһͨҶʱ֪βܻȥһǿҲȥ
һϽڶħ𣿡Ҷʵ
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һǿߣһЩԽգҶޱȿ϶϶͵͵Ѫɫߣ
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ѹѪħһȻ಻ħȻܹں嫵ЩħӦǹû
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ڳǳǽſڷңֳֶͷħվڳԣϵظŵ棬˵뺡
ſԱߣߴʮ׵ľ޴ʯͷʯͷϸһħ
ǲʯͷ
ҶһȻʯͷαװģֻʯħ壬ʮ׸ߣվʮףħȫϵģ
ʯħֱƶݣħƶ
Ҷĸ𺳣һսֻʯħֱ̨͵ս֮һƬ棬񼶵ǿߣҲᱻħ
ĻǵսȣԪǼֱˣ
һ·Ҷ½ԼĻǵԣ̶̰СʱɬԾͱҶѧ˸߰˰ˣҶĿǰ򣬲ʲôֻҪһͲǣѧԵٶҲǷǳ졣
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ֻҪ뺣Դʮ˽ڳǣµͷ
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ֻһȺΧһŻħԣ˵ʲôǸŻħɫеԱһƯŮħˣǸŮ˵ؿһѣǸŮħ˿Цͣ
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ǸƯŮħߴظҹﲨ˿
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ǣҲڳǣһʱһĸߴħ˳˹ץסǸƯŮħϣǸŮħ˼Ľ֮У·ˣй
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һĻҶ˼ĻǱԪҪҵöˣȨнǮͿΪΪɱҲû˸ҹܣһǿʳ磬߾Ҳòһ˿
ǸħתȥıӰҶУǸħ˵ϣ֪ħʲôģ۾һͨѪɫ˫ر󣬾ǻһ㣬ĸߴ󣬻
׼ǸҹڳǣԵ˵û뵽ȻбʡǮķԽȥҶ֪Ƶġ
ҶȷʵԤϣĻǸô壬϶뵽׬Ǯķҹ֣츳ôĸӵܣܹ˽ڳǵķ׬ȡ졣
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ӵ滷ħۺڵײʹţҲ޷ѡ˶䣬ħ۲ʱʹ֮У˾ѣСʱǴĸ鱻пʵݺݵ˺ˡ
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ӵиǿʵΪһǿߣǾʹȥסҶƽؿħۣľǲͣתš
ħۿҶ۾Ҷ͸һǵĹâ·ڸҪΪǿߣ׷Ұɡ
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һֵʱħۺµĿ˲;۽ϡ
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ħʹںЩħ壬оΪͻƵսʾ磬еĿϲֱ޷һжҶģ
֮ͫвı仯ԼҲޱȾȣ֣ԼܿһУѸٵţܿأΧԲǧ׷ΧȫܿˣţǾ۵ףǵһУ޾ϸ߹﷢˴򶷣ȫһĿȻȻħ֮ǵһȫӳڳЩԣЩϵˡ
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ҹľŮľ飬ĻɫڳһϾܹħҪǲúãʮħҲֿɵãҸͬǣֱܶεĻɫ£һζԵ㣡
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ֵûȺҲԵ壬ʱʱһЩŻĹ徭ЩŸְϽװΡǸ߰ͷɫλߵĸ߰·Լˡ
ЩһȺȺװԸж¶ĸŮ󲿷ֳ඼ʮֳɫֻиŮʸǽ뵽ڳ
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ҶĻҹüе̰ҶͷƵĳôֻҪҶǽǮ϶ԴԴϵģҶߵˣֻҪǮħ֮ʲôŮҲ
ٺ٣ǵȻǵĺһǳ졣ҹܣﲻ˵ĵطҸطȿɫΣҹﻹǷǳŵģһҶ˺ǵֵѼҪˣ
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ҹҶµһ·һݺľ¥ǰҹ˵šֿһۺ󷽵ˣƲƲߵǣڳܣ
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ҹɫһ˦һ˦ϣ鷭ڵأɭһ䣺ӣүѾڳǣ͸ҹԹԵصţ˵ķݣΪɫܱʲô忴Σ͸ҵԺӿȥɣҪ׬Ǯүһ㣬Ҫǲү͵ȥĹϲŮˣ
һֳԵָӡ׵ϸߣֱӵŷ֣ڳǲеã뵽ܱܿ˵һԵĲ
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ҶһڵϿɫƽҡҡͷÿ˶ҪΪԼѡʲôԺõˣںδҲ̫ˣȻѾħۣħҲûҪͷò˶ħ۾ͻ֣ᷢŮ˸䲻
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698 Ļϵʣ
ƽʱҹٲҪռЩˣиҪҪֻҸķ䡣
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ҶɨһãֻڴõһȺΧһʲôΧһƣ޷ǵ̸
ҶĿһ˵ϣȻǽֻһҶͰѶԷ˳
Ȼʣ
ҶЩ죬û뵽Ȼ￴ʣԱߵǼˣħݺᣬӦҲǱħħֿƵˣ
ΪʲôʣʲѾۿô
Ҷͷһü˼ѵܵˣҲͨڤĴͨ룬ӦǷǳСģ۵ʵʼȻ۵ƿУ͸ܵ
ĪǣҲзץס֮ǰϮǺս֮ǰһѾ
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ڸԱߵţһƸţûע⵽ߵҶ
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֣ڿЩʲôԱǸ˿ʵһڼףƤڣͷϳһԳĴ룬ͨĳ֪࣬ʲô壬Ҳһսʮؼǿߡ
ʵһЦҡҡͷûʲô֣ش˻ʲôķԸ𣿡
ش˵Ҫڹܿǣܿǽǽ壬Щǵжͷųɫ˵
Ŀ˸һ£ڳ˼ʲôʵش׼ôأָ΢΢һӡָޱ£ڴĳѶϢȴȫûһ㣬ַӡսʮصǿ޷
ش˵ܿϵһѾˣΪֻ֮ǿĴͷһΣԵЩգǵִƬֻм򣬾󲿷ڶԿפ޾ţܹǳ٣ԮҪִ֮ܵҪǿܿǷǳѣԪĿǰѾܿǽϵ
ܿǻֻѣشΪβ㹥ܿǻꣿЩȺɻʵ
ЩͲؿһʣЩô⣬ѵû˸˵ûж룬͵ֻʮȻǷǳ׶Ըġܿǻӵһǿ׼ķȼࡢ޵꣬ǿһˣǸ˲ﵽԽľ硣
ܿǻüëһ
ܿǻǻ֮УѪͳȽϸ߹֣Ҳܿǻ֮оʲôĵλϾ˭ûеִĵشĿǰǻûвܿǻ굽ǺѪͳֻ֪֮ǰܿһûǻ壬⸽ʮתվһһǻлƮܿϣʱǵǻлѾǳ˥ˣʮλΪ˱ǻл걻ħǷ֣ܿûǿ֮СĿԶصܹһûǿ֮ж˷֣Ҳֻǲӵ㾪˵
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˵ܿǻжɹֱ꣬شµһλԦһСŴūǰԪǵʱײܿΧķӡϣܿΧķӡײһ˿ƣֱһ̣ǿ֮е¶
ܿԭֻһûǻ壬ƮһƲл긽ܿϣܿǲſʼǻꣿһ𾪵Ϣ
ˣһײܿǺܻܿһֱûǿ֮Уʮλֶε̾ͷϵĴ߸ߵ𣬡ϢһƲлܿѾںһ𣬱ǿǻǿȣΧӵǻ嶼ǿ˲١
ʲɫţָķȻڲ
տʼشҪǿܿǻ꣬ʮСŶʮλǰܿǣǸտܿǲʮĵطܿǻͻȻطȼܿࡢޡ޵꣬һֻͨ⨺һӺǶʮС壬ʮλشʩչʱ˻ȻҲˡµصһɱ˶ʮλǸǺεȿֲʵֳ϶Ҳҷ
ܿǺΪλᱻ£ʵû뵽ܿǻôǿܹѸٴһԽĳǿߡ
ܿǻܵвֻ֪ܿ񣬶Ȼش˻ô˵Ķ֣Ƹۣȼմࡢޡ޵꣬ʱ䴴һҪǿĳǿߣҪش˻ڶһɱħһǿ߲ٷû뵽شʱλܿǻ֮ۻ൱ģǻ֮˲½˴룬ܿҲòһ
¶һ˿ݵ飬ͷϵĴ΢΢ڶش㵽ܿǻ˵һǧ˰٣ûλ񣬼ܿǣŽܿǹݣüƲܿǵ񡣲ܿǻ껹бֶΣû뵽ܿϾȻһħձסܿǣľһսʮأǸֵסλ˵ġ
΢΢ͷû뵽֮ǰô顣
Ǹ֮ǲ֪ܿǵһУǸǿطΪ˱ܿǻָ֮ٶʩչطλ˾ɱܿеࡢ޺ޡħҪԸܿǻʱеѣΪܿǻ괢˷ǳǳ֮ʯ
ѵû֪ܿǻѪͳһû𣿡


699 
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Ľޱ޼ʣĵشĪ⣬ִܹ
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ﱻ˸ƣ˵Щʲô
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ҶǷǳƽɫݵؿҹ
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ҼסСүǺÿģ
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ڵѾҶˣ¶Ȼˣһ뿪Ҷ鷳ˣҶֲɱŭüңأΨһİ취Ǿǿס˼룬һҶ¾ûʲôˡ
кܶǿ壬һЩط˱ҳϵĿܣ
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700 ̸
߰ɡҹ˻ӻֵƷԣ˱ڳ֮϶Ὣ˷ǼԺڣҶ˺ܶҪæˣû˼ˡ
ɵؿһҹһ뿪ˣڳ֮ԼĿף֪ȥģ˿е㻳ǵˣǵʱȻһЩħ۶ܺãһֱǻ
ҹ˸֮ҶڳһСԺȻæҶȥˡ
ҶסСԺҶʱػȥһߣѰһЩ鱨
ħ֮ǵǸħסھҶǴԼֵһطǽֱһǳլԺʱʱһЩӰɱһĽЩӰɱһ˶ħƣǸħӪ⡣
۲죬Ҷãħ֮ǵҵǷǳġ
ħһ壬Χļɼϡħҩͨͨ䷷塣
Ҷ֣ĻΧʢһֽħ澫Ľħ澫ħķǳҪĲ֮һĻͨħ澫ÿԻôľ룬Ļǻ൱ԣġ
ΪĻǵĹǷǳԣѪɫϵһЩ˶һЩϡƷ䵽ĻǷЩǮĹ塣
ĻǵĹʵսʼϵĹֻмǧ˶ѣкܶ幺˲սʼūҹӵܶ䱸սʼūͣĻսʼǿߵﵽ򣬿Ļǵĸԣ̶ȡ
ѪɫЩһϣսǿǲϼٵģΪսǿǲԸЩϣһЩרսʼǿߣⷷͣĻǿųħ澫׬룬ÿ궼дս뵽Ļǡ
ǿ뻹ǱȽٵģһΪǿ߼۸Ƚϰһ棬Ѫɫǿߵȥһܿصģݵλﵽһ̶ȵĹ壬ܹǿߡ
Ѫɫһ˽֮Ҷеļ֪ĻܹӪһĲҵӵйݣԪǾԻкܴİ
Ψһе鷳ǣвħ̾ĻǣһħǷԼԪǣҸԣǿ϶֡ûһȨ֮ǰһҪСԼ
Ҷҹħɵڳǣħ۵Ǻܴġ
ˣҶħ۵÷ǳϹ˿ħ۵ĿУҶϵˡ
ħۣܹħ֮ǵһУ㿴ийص飬ȫңҶҪħ֮վȽŸӪԼҪħ֮㹻˽⣬ȻҵһЩͻƿڡ
ħۣһǳõİ֣
ǣˣħԼصΪԼܹﵽҶе˷ܣ˫Ѹٵر˳ɫһĻĻӰзɿӹ
ħ֮д֡áӪ⣬һЩı˴֮ĹϵìܣԼĽ״ȵȣħ۶޾ϸ渵
ħ֮Ǹħһǿߣ˵صĵϵ֮һµսǿ߶ǧˣвǽսʮǿߡ
һ죬Ҷħ֮ǵ˽ѾǳϸˣȻֻһǧħʲҶţƾԼյϣ˶ħ֮ǣ
֮Ҷʮħڲ÷궨һĹΣ͵컻طһòȻħ۵֮ͬ£ǰħ֮ڳǵ£һڴϣ˷־鷳ˣֻܴסԺ
ҹҶһݣһС壬ҹǸСһЩǮ֮ǸСƨƨߵذǨȥˣҶȡݡ
µ֮Ҷ㿪ʼԼһļƻ
ħ֮¼ң¼ħ֮֮һʵԸҹڵüƥУһʱ䣬¼Щҵ䣬ծۣұüҴѹ
üҼãҲҹĹùü޸ħ֮ǳ֮üҵǡĳЩϸ¼һЩڸѹ¼ң¼Һܶ飬¼᧿Σľء
Ҷħ۵ͬ£ҡڵس¼Ҵŷȥ¼Ҵȫúڽɣʮ׸ߣͨլԺǱһ㣬ŵʱҶоʮսʼϢѾԼ
ȻоЩսʵĵ⣬ҶȻɫƽݵسŷȥ
Ա߻СţվſڣǿҶϻװʱɫ˺ܹܶ࣬ôˣǺݵģĸҵֻҶЩǼˡ
ħ¼ңλǡһ˹ʵ
ڤǣҪݷ¼Ҽ̸һЩ⣬ǰҶЦе˵óһޱȾµħƵģЩ໨һЩǮ¼ҼݣܻҶ
ǸĿڰϣɺһ٣ζؿһҶСĵؽӹԵȣȥܹõôֵǮˣݵλӦúܲ򵥡
úдͣǸ˿һһˣҴҵܽȥˡ
ԼСʱ֮Ǹ˳
ǼСĴȥǸǫЦ˵Ҷħȥ
Ҫǰ¼ҼݣҶٰû¼ҼҲ׻İ˵ģΪ¼ҼÿҪ˼¼ȴе壬Ѿǰݷˣ˵Ҷڤǣ¼ҼԸκһ⡣
¼һǳϡɼķʢȴȱԵЩû䡣
һ곤ˣһϽ˿ۣܸߣƤϲ壬һڵɫĿҶħۡ
Ҷ¼Ҽû˿⣬ӭ¼ҼĿ⿴˹ȥһԵħۣȻΪһǳݻĵطԵЩнǳ侲
Ҷоǰ¼Ҽһ񼶵ǿߣΧصϢȻϼѾЩû䣬Ͼħ֮֮һ̻ڡ
ڤǣ¿Ŀ⿴Ҷһصɱ
ҶһЦҡҡͷǲڤǡ
¿ֻһ۾ͿҶħ۲ڤģҶħϵϢоֹеȵȶжϳֻû뵽ҶȻһھ˵ʵ
Ļǵģ¼Ҽ̸һЩ⡣Ҷݵ˵
̸⣿¿շ·ʲôЦ飬صʲôèһЩǮ·Ūĳ̸ǿЦ


701 ҪЮ¼
¿ѾҶħ۸ʲô壬Ҫɻ۾ʵ̫ˡ
ȻˣҶȴգȻصǺг¼̸⣬¼Ѿ᧿Σڲ⣬ϼ¾Ҫҵλϵ˰ɡ
ϼ飬ݲָָ㣡¿һһǿߵƳҶħѹ˹ȥɱ¶֮ҶȻ򶨣¿ûжҶʹɱ֣Ҷֳκһ˿ҵɫὫҶɱ
֪¼ž޶ծа취¼ҽЩ⡣ҶȻо˼ǿѹȣȻֱ¿ա
Ϊô˵Ҿͻ𣿡¿һȻ¼᧿ΣǷ˺ܶծʲô˾ŪδҲ̫С¿˰ɣ
֪ô˵Ȼҡ˵ǣ¼ѾüҵȦ֮УҶ˫֣ݵص
¿ؿҶ˵Ȼ뿪¼ң
֪¼ӵħ澫Ŀɽˣÿħ澫ﵽǧ֮࣬ħ澫ɽÿſ׬һڶħ𣬵¼ʢ֮ʱһڶħ𲻹¼һСְˣʱ¼Ҽûħ澫ɽҶ΢΢һЦǺ¼ҵ⵽˴ѹֻʣһɲɽԵ÷ǳҪˣ¼ҼҪħ澫ɽĲҲû˰ɡ
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֪Զ¼ҼҪö࣡Ҷζؿ¿յ¼Ƭۡĵص׿˵ң˽ƣһЩħ澫𣬾֮ͨһЩЩħ澫ħһ壬Ҳǣ
ҶĻ¿϶ʱɱ¶ҶħֻۣҪҶħһͻָɵҶħۣһô֪ģ
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ϵѹɢ֮ҶʩʩȻ˻׵ϡħ۹վҶߣֵطʼҶԾӡ
ҽгҹҶЦ
֪ҹСֵܻ֪Щʲô¿ʵѾȻת˳ƺҶ֪¼ҵһУʵ̫ˣ¼ҳΪҶĵˣǺ᲻롣
֪Ŀв١ҶЦѾ¼Һ׵֤ռЩ֤ݱüҵ֪֪ü㹻ĺôܻܿǻ¼ҵģȻ⣬һ죬׼뿪Ļأʱ¼ҾͲˣ
¿һΣյĹâвһ
ġҶ΢΢һЦҲı˳ƺħü֮ҲһЩɸ˵Ľףǽǽ׵ĵصֿ֣϶ܹ鵽һЩʱ¼ҾһЩüҵֶΣ
ҶĻ¿һܹüң¼ҸܵĴѹͻСܶ࣬һ˿Ϣ֮Ƭ̵֪ҹҪʲôҶЩȻõһЩ
ĳЩϣ¼ҵȻ¼ҲǺкôģҶصЦЦ
ҶĻ¿ճĬƬ̣¼ҵĲӶҶ¼Ҫµʱ䣬һЩۼжϸħһĽף¼ҵ׽ˡ
ҹ˵ܹ¼ҰΣ֪ҹʲô취¿ʵȻһǿߣҶȴһֿ͸ĸоҶ·֪ҶһսʣĪҶıһλǿ߲ɣ
֪¼Ҽһħ澫ɽһֱûҵһʵҡ
¿΢΢Щ죬ǵ˵ͷδ⹫ϢΪһ֪¼Ҫһħ澫ɽ˶µ¼ѾȣЩ¼ҵĶǺܿܶ¼Ϻݺݵҧһڡ
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ôһ£Ҫôϵλ壬סʲôط¿ɫЩԭüô¼ңⷽԭ
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֪ҹôſϽЩϸң¿տҶаȨţҶľĲû
ҵϢûԾǧħĵͼ۽һħ澫ɽۡҶ¿ٴ¶˲첻飬ص֪ǸԸħļ۸һٶֵħ澫ɽļǮǽ׳ɹˣҪе10
ûб¿㶵ؿһҶ
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ҪǩЭ𣿡
أĿɽȥټǮҶ֪һº󲻸ǮҲͲˣûɣҾмʮַԸ¼ңҶϣվħ۴ݵ뿪ˡ


702 ħ
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Ҷ϶һ֪ľǿߣһǳӴµ֪֯ô࣬¼һЩΪ֪Ļ֪ܶ
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һȡģҶ˵֮󣬴ħ뿪¼ҡ
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ҶŵصҲң¿ǸˣˣǷǳصģһѾ׬˱ˡǺ¼ܹõԶԶֹôһ㣡
صסҹҴҵ˽
ˡҹɫҶ
Ҷ΢΢ףʵ𣿡
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ħ˵ħ֮ǳ׼һᣬҪӴʲôˣҶѯҹҹϾһ壬֪ĶһЩ
ѪɫһƷţ֮󽫻ִĻǣ׼Ļǿһչᡣҹ˵ԼϢ
չ᣿
ûǸƷŵľħ񽢽Ļͣ죬ҾħɳħϽƶɣ˵ĳʦĽĻǵĶ֮һ󣬿⴩󡣡ҹ¶һ˿ɫκ˶ԾħľްԶᾪ̾ѡ
ҶҲеΪ棬ж֮һĻô󣬼ֱ
ǸƷӵ־ħ񽢣շתڸ壬ǽ׸ʣǳ֮ʯǳġǳ衢ӰħϽħ澫ȸԭϣǻһЩƳƷС͵Ŀ洩¥ɻɱħʯħսȵȣиսʼϵūȵȡ
Ҷ¶֮ɫû뵽ѪɫĲƷȻǿ
Ѫɫַڸǿģ˵ħϵİħôǳ֮ʯǳĻǳ֮һڿԺһС壡͵ȵ¥ҲħһСǸĴԱġҹȻ˵ȻҶūͣȻѪɫԾӣеĽ
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Ҷţһ¥ǲǾζܹͨ洩صԪˣ
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˵ħǰħ֮ǳһطλһ۷ĳǿߣħ簵˴ıءҹЩ˷ܵص
ȻŴأγΪԸ˴ͨأҶüʵγ˴˽ɣ
˵ħ类ǰγһǿĽƣǿһ룬ᱻƺɱֻսʼܹ롣
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ǰǾԲԸ⽫ħ⿪ŵģʱļһЩսʽħѰһΣΪǸƷĵħ磬ֻħ˱뽻Ʒ뿪
ҶЩˣħ֮ǳͨħ۸ĲȻǸƷҪĶǰħ֮ǳı⣡
ħ翪ʱ죬սʼĶԽ룬ħУʮΣաҹЩǵص
Ҷ˵ͷЩɻǣǰħ֮ǳΪʲôħһطѵֻǲγԼЩǵõµĶǰγħʲô
ǰγ𣿡Ҷҹʵ
ҹҡҡͷѪħһƳ˵ǰγʵ겻ڻ£Ȼô촫λγħ֮ĻǵģһЩԴ˵ǰγִƳ֮λǧ꣬ôλд˵ǰγǱɱģҲд˵ǰγεطˡ
ҹĻҶ°˳˼ЩԲţ룬ȥħһҲ޷ħ۵ԼȻջ
ħڿϢĻȻ󲨣еսǷ׷׳ħ֮ǸĻϾ󲿷սʶ׼ħҪ֪ħ淢ֵĶÿһǼֵǵıٶƷϵħǰγأ
Ĵ˵ǰγħ˺ܶ˲õıǰγµľ
ھһֱĴ˵ħһƵĹűبǰһűʮƪģ˵κֻҪǿű²Ϊÿħ᲻һֻмƪħǿʯħǿߣնΪһܼĴڡ
˱֮⣬ʧټĹűҲѰҵĶ
һűʮƪģҶǿűǿҵĺģħ۵ħۣ㿴һħ絽һʲôĵط
ǣˣħ۵˫ó죬һʵʵĺâҰѸٵţϵ죬һֱħ֮
Ƭ֮ħջĿ⣬ҶҡҡͷħڳԱߵһ֮УħڱǿķӡӦһĿռ䣬濴ȥֻһƬ
ħ絽һʲôĵطħ۵Ŀ޷͸
ҹҪȥħ磬ǰţҶҹйݣ԰ǽȥ


703 ħ
ôսһħ磬ټħʱǿħ֣˴ȥ»Σաҹĵصħ֮ҳ϶ǲûɵġ
ڽħ֮ǰҪһЩ׼Ҷһµȥңܲܰħװս⼸գҶ˽⵽ѪɫҪö࣬ƳħװսħϽģȶħս׻Ҫã
ħװսҪʲôģ
ȼԽԽã
гܹ򵽵õħװսѪ漶𣬿ԷսµĹսʮصǿߣҪҪһǼ۸ǳҪħһףҹЩΪѵص
ô󣿡ҶһüͷЩ񼶵ūҲħѣ
Ѫ漶ħװΪϡ٣һֻһЩõ𡣡ҹ͵
Ҷһʽҹ鱨˰˰ħ𣬼ԼͷһЩǮǿѪ漶ħװġѪ漶ħװǳϡУֻһЩõϡг̶עļ۸񲻻ˡ
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׼ȥħ磡Ҷʵȥȥò˵µħ֮лǺаģҶҪһµ
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ҶҹŰħöϽҹȥħװˡذ׸ʹãħóùҶԼɵѾˡ
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ȥħ磬һҪջУҶ
ħﰵ˴أ»ħŵƣѪħװ֮󣬾սʮصǿȫˣħǿͫҲѰľ츳µԵһЩͨ޷ĵط
ħջ񣬿ԳＯһֽǮħϹһЩҪĶ˵ūħװ¥ħȵȡ
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һСʱ֮ҹĶصСԺѪ漶ħװƷħ
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Ҷ˿ѪħװϵӡӡħսϵӡͬС죬˵Ѫɫַ˺ܶ࣬Ԫı߾ϣĪԪǱߵַѪɫȥģ
߰ɣҶһѪħװವһ±ԺĽиֳһսӰ
ħۺҲѪħװҶǰħڡ
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ʱĴ֮ѾۼʮˣÿһսʼǿߣǾ󲿷ֶǸҴū͡
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ħͥ룬һ޴ڣΧתγһ·޵׶С
һս߽֮УʧںУħ硣
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Ҷ룬ҡͷã¼̫࣬ǺܻܿһЩ鷳ѪħװһЩɢսʣҶ˶ȫˣ뵽ҴĻսУǿܾе鷳ˡ
¼ңĻʮ߸Ҵ嶼һЩսʽħ磬ٵļǧսʣļ򡣡ħ۽һжҶ
Ļһ壬ÿ궼дսǿ߱ĻǣĻӵжսʣȻ󲿷ֶֻǸҵūѣڸҴԣһЩսʼūʧһЩǮˡ
ǰħһֱǷյģͻȻˣҴһӦôҲ
Ƶһͻжʮսǿӿħ磡
ħһҲǧսʽħ磬һӰɱһģħ۵˵
ħ۵Ļ۾Ƭ֮һĨˣħսкܶǳģӰɱһƻв˽档
Ҷħۻ»켣ЩСŶ֮Уһħڡ
ҶоΧһѸٵˣһħƵĿռ䣬ǰһǰһޱӴԲ֮УֱǧףҶǺɫұڣľͷƺһЩ
һȺȺսʳӶȥķȺһ㡣
ұһֻֻ;޴֩һĹβͺܳЫһĵкܶ൹ĶǷӿսǿߣһĹֽβಡһ³Щս˹ȥ
һĲҽЩսʱЩβУҽ׹ѪĽ
Щսʼǿ߾ȻΪЩǵ
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ĳڴһֻ;޴׵ľ޴˴ҵ֮УֻҲ֮ǰ֩ﳤһǸرӴβҲǳֵ
ֻ֩عֽһ³һȺС֣֩ЩǰսʣС֩βͣ˦Щβ˦еսķ˳ȥ
ҶޱȣЩ̫ǿˣ
ȫסˣָֻ֩ɵֻʮ֮һܴ
һɱ֪˭ߺһ
սʳֳֻ֩ȥЩսһζľһ㣬ֲֻ֩ͣطɵ˳ɰǧսʣȻӴ󣬵Ȼס˾սʡ
Щսǳ嵽ֵֻ֩ߣ㿳һҿһһҳһȭֻ֩Ƭ֮ͱˣҽһ֮˳ȥһ˵ϡ
ˣ˷ܵغ
ܶսϲسȥ֩ϵĶȥˣҶ»ħǸһЩսʴ


704 ǰγ
濴ȥһƬޱߵç磬͵֣ïܵԭʼ֡
һУҶȻһִ·һ硣
ħڲ֮Ĵͨɼħֻĳǿ߿ٵĶѣҶĿһ£ԸоתĻһþ
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Ҷ˫ۣޱ𾪣ǺεȸĻ
ԭʼ֮УһηϢһţ·ԭʼеΣգ
ЩҵսǳȺӵسԭʼֵӶȥ
ħۣһﶼʲôطҶо˼ǿϢѹƣʵҪۿۣﵽǻһͷų꣬ױע⵽
ǣħ˫Ŀͨ죬һʵʵĺâ͸ħɨӣüͷ΢壬ȫɻɣͫۿۣȻһЩصڣ˷ܵصߣһ
ߣҶ²˳٣˺ܻܿᱻսʽȵǡ
ӰߵӶȥ
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ӦвħһһЩֵĶһЩĻ꣡ħüЩĻΪǿӣ
ȵط˵Ҷһµ
˷ǰ֪ʲôһ
һ·ϵĴѰսʣҶоһЩսʽ͸⣬Щ֮Ĵвʱһɫľˣɱ˺üսʡ
Щ˾ħ
ħ֪ЩħǻʵڵģǱħɱսȫˡ
Ҷ˳ħ籱ӵʱһĸ¸Цħ磬˿̼нħսǶվסˣǾɻػܡ
ʲô飿
ЦͻȻһž޴ħħӼΪƣֻƤ׵缸ûɹ⣬Ƥ沼һֲ緱Ĵһ㣬ƬƬѪƬգĵħΪ졣
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߻мˣ֮ǰ׷µħһԽԼӰɱһսʼˡ
ˣħЩΣԽſеħ
˵ͷħǰγ裬м䶨Ȼغܶܡ
ɽңңһƬϿգһʮսɵĶͣͷһѪɫ۵Ӣ꣬ɫ԰ֽѪɫϡԿƤµһһزĲˣü֮ȴһɭ֮ɫ
ߣսʮصǿΧһȦ˶˳׵ħװһȺȫװ
γĶӣѪսʮصΪ
ǰγµе˼Ѫ̧ͷգǹһ˿Ц˼ǰγ׵֣ǺʲôôλĴû˵һգֻһ֪֪ʣЩ˶ˡ
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ǰγĴУ
Ϣħ綼ɧսжһƵļǰγǿ۷ĳǿߣ
⣬ħˣлõһ͵ħƥĻǵĲƸҲħĸطǽһȫ֣¸£˶ʼսɣħЦţ·һ㣬ҵĴкͲƸǿçűҲ֣κֻҪеһֹþΪ
ǰħ֮ǳĻսǶˣƥĻǵĲƸһ֮ڳ֣
ɽϣħһԽһԵˣǰγôʲô˼
üҡҡͷϵĴ룬Ҳ֪гɻǰγ׼ʲôƬ̵ô˳ȥ˱棬ɸǰ
ǣ
һϿգѪеħü˼˳ȥ֪ͨҸףǰѪĸѪ˷ǳսʽħ磬ȴûһǰǰγûֹ
ʲôԭ򣬰ǰγ˳
ôǰγ׼ͷųħбһ˾ϲϢһҪø׼¶һ˿⣬ƥĻǵĲƸЩƸһҪܶ
嶼뿪ħ磬ȻħڱѪˣǸ嶼רפħڣǷǳ򵥵ġ
յϢ֪ħ﷢ǰγµų൱ĻǲƸı𾪹󣬶˷Ҵ嶼ʼһеµսʣȺӵսʷؽħ磬Ҫõı
һʱ䣬ϰսʽħ硣
ħǳȺӵսʣӪйģģӦѪ쵼ĳսʾˣʮҵսʾŵҲ١
ĿԶǷӵսʣⳡεΪ׳ۡ
Ҷ̾ϢһԪǵʵĻȫûñȣ߸һεģԪǵսõĻʵǲ
Ԫ߾شһǳС壬֮Ѿܾûϵˣ۷Ի͵ʱҲֻһǧսʶѡĻȻҲѪɫ߾һ壬ȴΧٸԣļ֮һʢħ澫ͨⷷħ澫ۻ˾˵ĲƸ
ҪԪ׳󲢵ֵħɧţҪԪǿУҪһҪиսʣ
ʲôʱԪǲĻһӵǧսʣʱͲη⸽ħˣȻȻ޷ħһԿԱӦûǿԵģΪħҪԪǵĻҲҪϸһôսԪôһƶǲǻ㡣
ҶħۡһƬӣħ֮ǰǻܹڱ֮ǰһЩ
ŰСʱ֮һƬɽĹǰƬϿƣħ۵ܹͫ͸Ƭɽ֮еĹѾǷǳ򵥵ˡ
ڹſڴҶظӦƬ֮ٸѷɫսʼĴڣ


705 
ħתͫ濴ȥ˸Ӧǲ˲ٱ
ˣǵʵ޷Уħ۳˵ǲսʶѣٸսʼĻ꣬սʮؼĴڣһ룬ض֮ء
ҽȥɣµ츳ӦÿƿЩĻ꣡
µĻҶĬƬ̵ܻΣա
Ȼħ磬Ѿ׼֣صصҪˣܲҶ޳ذæҪҶǰ֤Լļֵ
Ҷ룬ͷڻ㣬룡
Ҷһ΢ΰȫһЩĵطħһԣԼ͸һ޴ҹ档
ǽȥɣҶҹǰ棬Ƚ˹֮С
½
ҹ˹ĴţǿĴ֮УħĻ꣬׺ݱĿ˲ҹϡĻǵĿⱻҹͬʱѾʩչŴıԵȥ
ҹ汩ŭţЩħĻ˴˶ţѾɱž޴ҹ棬һͷһ㡣
˫üԣʱط
ЩħĻǶҶҹƺɵٳûֻǶҹγһΧȦ⵹ЩҶϣԭΪһս
ȻЩĻעѾҹҶûмƣҹЩĻǽš
ЩĻעȫҹʱµӰѾ󷽣ʧȵľͷ
Ҷħ֮µʵ˴ȵǿҲ˺ܶ࣬ͨսǿ߸޷ڡ
վҶԵħһֱڲעµ١
ƹһĻȣĻڻεü΢ҪȣܻܿЩĻҲ޷ȷǷܹЩĻ귢֡
֮ʱԶĴͻȻһҹ汩ŭĺǼĻ걻ŭ𾪶ƶһξ롣
ڣ۾һûЩĻ꣬˺֮УһЩأ׵رܹˡӰɱһΪ츳Ĵ̿ͣǶԻ֮Ķоġ
½һСʱ֮ڰȫ۷
ˣˣħϲؿԱߵҶȻҶٿܹ꣬˵Ļ
ʱħۿԶɽϳһȺӰԷ߿˹Ķʱ
ħˣˣջػħ۸ϽҶ
ӺҶ˿ջ꣬¿϶ᱻˣҪǲջ꣬ЩħͻȻѣҶض޻֮
סǣҶ˵Ȼҹ档
ǣħӦĿ⳯ɽ¿ȥ
˿̣ɽϴʮˣħսʾŵͷӣӵǸħһԽĿ⳯Ҷ߿˹ıʲô
ħۣ˫Ŀħ۶ʱֻ۾һʹ类һ㣬
֣ԽæƿĿ⣬ȻԷܿһսʮصǿߣ
ԽЩˣߵҲսʰضѣȻԷԼ٣ʲôĺ˵
Խ֪ǣħ۲ʲôսʮصĸֻ֣ͫȽǿѡ
Էûħһֱ粽ҶߣضԽˣҲûκζ
Խһû뵽﷢һ֪ЩʲôأԷñԼӣõİ취ǽԷɵȻϢȥͿԱⱻҴսʾŷܶĶ
ǣԽüԷƺǵӡ
﷢һϢȥˣԽһ³Ը
ԽĻһӰɱһǿѸٵؽ״̬ʧ֮С
Ӱɱһսǿ߽״̬سҶħ߿˹
ħнЩӰɱһǿ߽״̬۾ȻɵطЩ˵ڣҶ껹棬ֲսǿߵĶ֣
ಣಣ
Ӱï֣ܵԼٶȳҶħ׼Ҷħ۴ɱ
ˣˣħۼҶ
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ǴᣬҶջػӮĻ͸Сˡ
ɱǣԽһ֣ϵħɱ¾Ǻ飬Ҳ׷
ӰɱһǿߡಡһҶħ۵ǰңذͬʱϮ˵ҪλʺüĻе
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ӰɱһĸбϬɱ
ǧһ֮ʣҶͷһವһϳһڴѪɫ·ħװսԱߵħҲͬʱͷųħװս

ذ׻Ҷħ۵ħװսϣȫħװսһ·ˮһҶħ۽Ǻˡ
һĻԽһ£û뵽ԷȻħװսֶѪ漶ħװ
Ҫ֪һѪħװǼֵħͨ˸ò𣬾ħôã۵Ҳֻʮħѡһֻּģʸ䱸Ѫħװ
ԷȻõѪħװҾͬʱףݱȻ򵥣
ԷϵѪħװԽˣȻʮˣûһܹƿѪħװķȥֻбŰķݣ
ߣԽȵֻȻȥϢ㱨˵
ӰɱһսһɣѸٵسˡ
Ӱɱһս˿ʱµӰĴŴ˳ҶҲವһ£ҹ˻
Խ˳ڴ£΢΢һ£ɫû뵽Ȼ﷢£
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ԽؿһҶħۣҶħ۾Ȼ£ǲܷŹǵģ
ô౻ƵӰɱһˣΨһħ֣˿ƣеûп͸˷ǳӣһֱҪץȥоѪͳ
ħһ˵ܹħֵѪͳǵжд̣
ܷǣҶջ꣬һ嵯𣬳һӰɱһսȥ
ԽȥȱҶ˾Σˣ


706 Ӱɱ
õҶħҲŭһӵѪħװЩ˿Ժѹ
Զ¼״ҲٻѪħװԽʱ˸ŭؼǵãۡʱԽɱ˺ܶӰɱһˡ
ӰɱһսǶħֿˣһЩΪ΢ֻӰɱһˣΪܲסħħʴѸٵ˥Щ˱ħһԥشˣԽǼ׶İ֮һ
ԵٴοԽʱеĳ޿֪
һҶһ嵯ȥͬʱһ޴ҹ棬С
ءһһӰɱһ˱ҹײ˳ȥ
ҹǾ޴һһ㡣
ҹһһ棬һӰɱһսʶڵϡ
Ҷ֮һ棬Щ˺޻֮
ҶûнЩӰɱһɱֻǽˣҶ֮ڵʱˡ
Խ˿ľսһ־͵ȥĿ϶ǡ
ҶħۺΪѪħװԶǵĹᣬһе׷ǵĺ档
أһҵĽ֣ԽǱʮսǿߵʣµļɢ񱼣Ѿ˲ˡǵĹѪħװϣ޷Ҷħۻκ˺
½׷ԽҪԽɱ
ΪħһսʣԽܵٶȷǳ죬գۼ仯һźƣʧȥԽټ
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ħ˵ӰɱһԱߣӰɱһսʶˣȻһϢˣſҶˣг˷ߺ޺ͲʣŨħϢ
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ǣһεĵطҶϵصǵøϽ뿪ǵĴ󲿶ӹǾ߲ˣ
ǣħ۵ͺһͷųһӰɱһ
ಣӰѸٵȥʧĴ֮С
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ҶͷӰɱһˣ̽ڵǵʼΪƣֻڵħøΪܣϾǱħֵʱʸá
ʲôԾ𣿡³ؿҶЩѾħħѹ˼䣬Ѿ벻ǰˡѾ˾ҶܹȻЩˣҶʲôԸ⣡
ӦܾȣҶ֮̽󣬵˵ͷҲһЩ뷨ЩӰɱһħĿƣָǵļ䣬ܹǳΪԼ£ʱ¾ܶսˡ
Ҷͺһͷų꣬һӰɱһ˵һҹ棬ҹſڳڵħҧȥ
ꡱꡱҹʳһ㣬ͣؿħħ֡
ħħһһ㱻ҹɣƴҪֿĵֿͽ͵ģƬ֮ǵħħֱҹɴ
УǸӰɱһһֱ¶ʹɫֱڵħֱҹȫɣƵħɢȥƽĻС
һԽŵؿţǸ˻˹ȥһЩǡ
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ɵħԽԽ࣬ҶоҹԽԽǿԭ;սؽһ֮ΪܿҪͻˡ
ڣħȫҶҹɣҶоҹʵǿ˺ܶ࣬ڳһǿ
ħ֮ҶΪҲѹƲסһΪͻƵսأħӿ
ʱҹϽһ̣Ͼһۼһ㣬ҲøӾ޴
ҶҲе㱻ҹı仯ˣ룬ħħֵ䣬Ҷҹ˻
һһɵħֵӰɱһ˹жһЩ峺ؿΧ૵ôˣãȻĹˣһ£Ǵ˿ڣʹ˻һ
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Ȼ֮ûκϵֻһͨ˰ˣ˿µȴݵģԭΪӰɱһһˣѾɥʧ˼ȥˣȷҶܹȻˣӰɱһȻϣ
΢ƽϢһмתͷҶĿ˸м
ţһһĸӰɱһҲ˹
¸һЩǵƣľ׹ԭ֮ǰǶħˣҶʱ¶˸м֮ɫҶǣΪֹǶħĿܣ
ǵøϽ뿪ħۿһҶ˵ħѾҪ׷ˡ
ߣҶһ˸ӰӶȥ
ԶĴ֮Уϰٸսһ·Ӷͷ
ǷҶ˸ոŵĵطѾտҲ
ˣѾ뿪ˣԽĴ̽һϡҶ˵Ϣ
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ǵģԽƶصҲһЩɻҶ˰˵Ӱɱһ˴׼ʲô
ӦϱȥˣĴڶƬ֮󣬿ϱ߲߳Զ׷
ЩΣǸΨһһܹħħֵˣĪ֪Щʲô¹شǱ뽫׷
һ£ϰٸսʷӶ𣬳ϱ׷Ӷȥ
ˣ׷һˡԶеħۿҶ˵
Ҷص˵ͷ±ħ弤Ǳ֮ǿˣղʩչһЩֶΣΪϱˣʵǾڲԶһƬ
ϱȥˣ˶һ
ɫЩɣǰҶ˵зܹܵħħֵϮţҿǿǵʵ
Ҷ˿ˣ˵ͷĻԺҪң
һ𣿡
ǵġҶ˵ͷ
ΪܹǿȻǵˣʲôԸ⣬Ըڸ£һ󣡡˿ĸˣ϶ˣϽָǿʵܿħ綼ȥ


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Ҷ΢΢һ˵˼ԼȡӰɱһӰɱһƾǼȥģϣҶܹȳˣҪٸˣӦܹȺȥˡ
һȺɾˣ
ҴӦǵ󣬷İɣҲǿκ飬ǺһɵģֻҪǵӰɱһ廹ǸǰһҶǰҪˣҶԼȷʵһЩ˽ĵģƿˣֻںȷʵܹøǿҪ㹻Կħһ壡
ҶĻЩȴûǡءضҶ˼ͷԵķʽǵľġ
ȻôľģҶӦںˡ
ڵأһٻһħ壬ӡڡ

һʱ䣬˶ںħ壬ǵΪһأһڵ츳˳²ͬǣǵĳɳûô졣
Ҷ²⣬µѪͳһЩģϾӰɱһΨһһܹɵħֵˣ˶ħֿˡ
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üͷ˼ţȻ֮ǰǱħħֲٿˣȻһЩģļ䡣
λһλԱλ֮󣬱Ѻ뿪ˣ֪ȥЩǾ˵Ѻħһħһ֮УҲ֪Ǽںδƴճɢļ䣬˸ЩʵصˣѾˣĻϴǧˣսʼٶ
ӰɱһѾֱǵĹҲѾǳΪããǿ֮еߡ
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˵ԪǱȽ˵ˣȻʵԶûӰɱһôǿΪԴƶҵشƫԶһֱûбħģռ
Ҷû˶ģʱƣħһ廹ǻԪǷģ
ĻӰɱһļ˶Щ䣬ǿᣬ΢Цص٣Ӱɱһ廹ˣ
ûһȳ˵ģ⼸Ҳȭᶨ˵
ոõЩƽһóһЩҶһħӦ񼶵ģûжҶ֣ҲҼˣֻõЩ
һ񼶵ħҶüͷ΢壬ħЩ֣Ϊʲô񼶺ǿ߲ܽ룬սʼܹڲһ񼶵ħŲ˽ȥ
ħǰħ֮ǵĳ˵γ֣ǰγһĵطвƸиγĪǸγʲôڣ
ǰγʧһֱһգħƥĻǵĲƸȴ˽ƣ룬еβò˼
ħ˸ɴħڷסҲͰˣΪʲôսʽ룿һҪųвħĲƸ
Ҷһʱ벻ף˿Ķõһ䵶һŲ֪ʲôɵͼֽ
ǰ䵶ϵŷĻƣͨڣ⣬ֻڻӶʱ򣬲Żһ͸֪ʲôħͼֽһŵͼıǣӦħĵͼ
Ҷ˼ţħһֱγĿ֮Уγ϶˲սʽ̽ħ磬˵ûκصķ֣һΣôսӿħ֮ǰγͻȻˣ˵ҪųħвƸѵǰγ֪ħ﷢ֵжһ붼䵽γѪ
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Īֻһ֣ͷųصĲƸֻһӶѣôǰγĿʲôأ
Ҷüͷ˿䵶͵ͼ˵Ѫôսʽ̽ħˣûֲᷢûûҵ
ҶһͷԼµ˵ʲô޷еϵ
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Ҷ˿ĵͼͼϱʾɽнȵȣǳˣһǡǸղžطƵγһ޴ķһĶ
֮⣬Ĺ֮ıʶоŴʾŹС
ħĲ֣Ҷвһ˿ԤУĪǰγ֮ƣҪЩ뵽սһ󷨣Ǳʲô
ҶüģԼ̫ˣ
ħۣħ磬㿴һȫҶ˿ӲͣתţеҪҵһеĴ𰸡
ǣħӦѪ죬ĺâϵĿʼѰħ硣
֮ǰֻħһС֣ڣϵش߷ǱĿŵĿ⴩͸ħϿֵĲѪɫħһо۵ס
ħһ߿ţһ߽һѸٵعճһŵͼʮĹѨһһһƤֽϡ
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һǰγй¶ħĵͼȥ̽ЩĹѨʵϣħܹʮĹѨһױ˷ֵıԵλãҶָħۻĵͼ˵
ǰγôĿʲôЩ⡣
ҶҡҡͷҲ֪ǿԹȥҶĿ˵ͼϵʮĹѨλãǰγʲôʲôȻǰγĹѨλãĹѨܿһеĹؼڣ
ߣҶ𣬴ħۡ»ӰɱһսŵʮĹѨķȥ
ӰӴħӣ˲Ϣ֮Ѿǧ￪⣬ȻħȻһ޾ǰγûһӴ磬ӦǷ˲ٳһ絽Ҫʲô
ħУǳȺӵսʣġҵģûãиҵսʾŶõħĵͼЩսʾǰȥˣеǰ̽صĹѨ
£ǧսʽһĹѨ氵ػأǧ࣡һսʾ̵طӶѪ㱨
ѪһüͷЩɸһˣ죬ڵߣҲҪĹѨĶڳ
ǣǸսӦ
һ˵սʾȳӶȥǰ̵ؽһĹѨ


708 Ѫ
ĹѨЩϷ֣ǲһд۵ضĹѨ̽
ǶЩĹѨ̽ʱҶѾͼûбʶĹѨӶȥ
ͨ޷ħȫ֣ûͷѪ֮ǰǸ벻һطһصĹѨ
˴һСʱ֮ҶڵĹѨڴĹѨǶɽм䣬ĹѨѾ̦ϸ۲ĻܻܿᱻԵˣħ۾Ȼܹƾ֮ͫⷢڣʵЩˡ
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709 ɵ
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ЦѪһ۷ǿߣô𣿾ҪҲõ˵ҶҲҶɻĵطѪ𲻻ΪԼܰɣ¼սʺ࣬ж񼶣жôжܹ۷壿ѪЩԼԼӴȥ޻أҶɲѪôɣ
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711 ɱ¾
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ڴ˿̣һӰسԶ֮УѪңңԡ


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뵽ʱвԪǵħһ壬ҶĿɭħһһ첻Ҷİ


714 ħ
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Ҷǿű˳֪űǼ٣ҶȷǣѪ϶һлӳħ磬ܾܿű棬ȻҶηѪ潻棬ʼղ֪ѪлڣҶﻹôһǡ
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Ҷħۻҹһ·ţҶؿһУһյĿռ䣬ȴһĻȣϵؿһһߣ·Ա߰ڷһˮӣŸƷħҲиָصƷһЩַƶɵģƷԱ߶ȷıۣһЩͳһɫ˳۵վˮԣɫӦǾħ̻ͳһķΡ
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ȻһЩ˵¼Σ飬¼ûΣΪ֮һ¼ҶܹʵģȥûС
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Щǿ¿նҶ˿֮󣬶Щɵˣǿħ֮ҵļȻҶôҶʲôˣ
ǿҶĲӰ¶˼ɵ֮ɫҶĳؼԺô¼Ҽ¿ôģݾԲһ㣬Բǣ
Щ壬¿ߵļҲܲ죬ҶʲôˣȻü˶ԴԶԷ˿Ǿ͸ˣһСģ˼Ĺ͡
Ҷ¿գ˵¿գƺʲô
ûУҾûֻ⼸쳽ҹƺû˹ȡǱǮҾҲ֪ø˭¿պƢЦЦݸҶһǬǡǧϽ𣡡ǧϽǧħ
ҶӹǸǬɨһۣ˵ͷЦ´һȥģ˵ţǬתͷ뿪
¿տҶȥıӰ˼Ҷֻһսʶѣһǿǰ⣬ӣּ֪˽ħ澫鶼֪Ҫ˵ûһӴ֯¿ոš
ʲôˣԱһ¿յĸСʵǸսδҲ̫ˣǼôǼûǾ͸˵ʲôˡ
һλͣҼסԺҿͿģҪΨʣ¿һ
ǣǼ˸ϽӦ
ԶЩڽħ澫ĹЩɵۣҶţһǿ˶תͷߣǵĻûУ¿վȻһƢûеӣⱳе̫ţˣ
ǳҶȥԶѾˣҶˣһô죬ǰħۺҹĳ඼ȥúô˭˵ܹһλˣ
Ҷħۻҹ뿪ˣҶһԼǬЩħϡн֮ĶѾвǧħˣЩǮӦû򵽲ٺöġ
Ҷ׼Щħϡн֮ȫҲϲǮ
һ·ȥħС
Ҷħ̻᷷Ĳٶ۽硣
оӰǵȨӰһƶδ壬ٶ壬һЩԴȵȣӰǣͻᱻڷӰѪɫϵκ˲ַӰǵļ۸ҪʮϽҲʮħ
Ҷǧħͷ
ŮħһǱһ޴඼ǳ欣û·״̬ʱĵˣ˵˯޸壬ǾħļƷ֮һ
ŮҶȻֱӺˣҹȴֳ˼ȤһŮǾǹܰõһŮѾܾˣϧûôǮ
·һħľ޴չ̨չ̨Ϸħֱһģûļ弶ħǴ˵ѪɫͥеĶܹҵħѾǷǳ˲ˡ۷ǿߣһСҲᱻħ
Ȼļ۸Ҳǹ÷ǳףҪٶħ
ܹͨѵģõˣ߶һҲҪļֵħǳ裡
ߴʮ׵ħҶĪؿһ£һɱϧûôǮĻ϶Ҫһ
˿һͶħħҪʮħҲ𣬵һħֻҪǧħҶܹһġ
һħԶԸ񼶵ǿߣһ⣬ħֻѪɫͨκҪħ˳Ѫɫᱻɱۡ
ѪɫħĹǷǳϸģһҪʸǷӵйݣҪڼ飬ħûб͵˳ȥʧħҲһҶˣҲ͵˳οô֪
ħҶһ¥չ̨¥һҾ޴¥Ѫɫ֮һͺţװøвͬɴССʱԷǬУֻҪ¥Ϳ֮д
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ڰеѡҶЩգûôǮħ֮ˣʱǴղôǮ֪ѪЩħϡƷ֮Ķȫܴ֮յǮҪΪЩѰҲˡ


716 սף
ҶħۺҹھħţΪԼĶѰҺʵҡ
ħ治ǾްԼսĿռóһϳеƷĿ˿ĿϾӡħ¥֮Ķ֮⣬ﻹۺܶϡŹֵĶ֮ࡣ
ħÿ궼ҪаٴϵĿռ䴩ڸͣЩϹ򵱵صһЩزеʱԶԵִѪɫ֮һЩ϶صĶȫһһ£
һսףҹԶȥĿԶˮеһսϣ¶ǿҵ֮ɫ
սףҶҲԶսףֻǿһۣĿ棬ƿˡ
һɫսףƵüΪ£Ȼͱ£ҫλðĹ󣬵ȻҶĿģս׵ͣսףڵص¥ֵɫս׼һģһ
Ҷڵص¥֮ǷֵɫսԪùģ沼˵ƣ𻵵÷ǳˣԪӦǾһսս׶ˡ
û֮ǰսӦǸսһġ
һʲôսףҶʵ΢Щ棬Ԫʲôطõһս׵ġ
ҶĻҹɫЩص˵ʮǰһλʦѪɫҪλʦǴħװսסħװǳֵǮĻǵĲƸҲܻһѣ۷ǿߣҲ׹ƣ
ս׾λʦġħװսף
ҹͷħװʮֽһ޷ҵģλʦһطеʮֽһµĺϽΪϽ𡯣նսסսױħװҪѷɫһЩҲǶս֮һսֻ֪ͨ˭˽һס
Ҷ΢΢ףû뵽ս׵ͷô󣬲֪ԼǼƵս׻ܲãûп޸
һսףֵСĻǣҹпǿǱ¥ҪöĶ
Ҷħһۣս׺ħװڼƷսֵνˣ֪ħ֮ǳѪһħװ֪ѪħװģģѪӦû˲Ǯ
ѪѪħ֮ǳλʱѪ𼸺еĲƸؽħУһ㶼ûѪѪôＯôǮħװģ
ĻǵҶҪӺܶࡣ
һսףֵǮҶһҹʵ
սףҹؿһҶһսֶҪǿ߲õϣܹսҲҪʵʲô̶ˣһǿ޸ģôȻǼֵǣ޷޸ĳ̶ˣǶս׵ϽҲǼֵƣʮħڻ£
һ޷޸սףȻԹ¥
Ϣޱ𺳣
ҶЩϧ֪Ͱս׸ˣһ˸սף޷޸ģֻоħ̻ܳԵôĶ
˵սܹ޸ҶѶܹ¥һЩ񼶵ǿ߻Ǿﳬֵ
ħսϵūǳԾĴսʼģĶУ񼶵ֻн˹ҵһЩ˲򵽡
񼶵ū۸񰺹һܹǧħûսµ£һ᲻ûôǮġ
Ѫɫ߾ĺϣūҪ˵ö࣬ǿֻҪħ򵽣߾оＫΪңԶ·ѾҪȥ߰˰ħħϣūļ۸ȻҪȺϹܶࡣ
Ҷܽң㹻ħĻ϶ǻṺġ
ϧҹҲûʸҡ
ĻܹūˣҲͳѪ˶ѣ񼶵ūƵúϣ޷˳Ѫɫ
˱߱߿һרŽħĵط
ۼ˲ĻǵˣԼħħ̻ᣬмִרŸЩħǼִǾħ̻Ĺʦ㿴һۣ׼ȷعһļ۸
ھħ̻ȽϹ㣬ǹħļ۸Ļг۵Ծ󲿷˶Ըеħħ̻ᡣ
Ʒħǧÿħ𣡡
Ʒħÿħ𣡡
ֳһƬȻľ󣬾ħ̻ļִΪЩħۡ
Ѫɫˮ׼Ѿչ۷壬ħ洦ɼͨͽħÿ߼һ۸ǳˣƷĲһħ𣬺һʮƷħ۸ԹһЩܹʮʮħ
ѪɫħĹǺǿģΪħ;Ϊ㷺Ԫ½ǱߴģιǻޣƾΪ˻㹻ħ𣬵Ѫɫ߹Ʒ
ҶһԼǬȻÿħ۸񶼲ߣһҶħջķᣬϸһ£ƷħһǧʮƷٶܹǧϣ
ǧħĻѾһʾĲƸˣ˳мңûһóôǮ
ĻһЩ׬ȡħһֿԴǲŶǰɱħЩȫһ޷漰ġĻǮģĪħ֮ǳѪˣÿ˰𡢳ǷѡͷѵȵȣһʾĲƸ
Ҷϻвһǧħ𣬸ոմ¿õǧϽټǧħѾһħˣһЩħõ֮ĶճһǧӦò⡣
ǣ¥ħ𣬻ǲ˺ܶࡣ
ǻֻ˵һ֣ҪԺһЩģǼ۸͸Ϊˣ
ҶǬöвٵģкܶණҶвǧǴѪıʯָġҶ²⣬һЩӦûǺֵǮģȾƷʮƷħҪֵǮö࣬ϾЩǰħ֮ǳղء
ҶǬͳһѱӡźɫĳݸħ̻һִ¶ۡ
ʮƷħƷʲʮһǧħ𡣡Ǹ۵ִ½ӹҶеĺ׽һۣѸٵжϣ̧ͷҶһƷʮƷħͨƷħÿᵥۡ
ȵȵȡۣҶȻ뵽ʲôûǰѺ׽Ⱥ˳
ʮһǧħħм۸Ƚϰˡ
ħۺҹЩɻ󣬾ħ̻ļ۸ѾǳˣҶΪʲôأ
˵һߣҶһ䣬ΧûעԼǰѺ׽һǰѺ׽һħ塣


717 ںϣںϣ
ǵħںϵǰѺ׽УƬ֮ǰѺ׽ħŨһɹʱյ̲֮С
ʮ֮
ħ̻һʦһСͷ뷢԰ףǾ壬պӹҶݹĺ׽֮󣬴һۣ΢Щ̧ͷһҶ
Ϊħ̻Ĺʦȥʮ򣬼ʶ㣬ѧʶԨκζֻҪһ۾֪Ǽļ۸
Ҷӹ׽֮ظоѺ׽
Ҿֵĺ׽ûҲǧˣѺ׽ƷʷǳãϺͶ죬ϵȣϣ۸;Բʮһ򡣡Ǹͷ۾ֵָһ½壬׽һԽ
ҶÿɷüؿǸͷ˵ȥ֪ںԼ֮Ѻ׽ʲôļ۸
ǣѽȴôһЩͬͷ°϶̶̵İ׺ӣǰѺ׽ϸƷһ̧ۿһҶֵͷ˼Ҳ֪Ѻ׽ʲôǾĳλʦļӹʱյн˺ܳʱ䣬Ҳ֪ʲôһַʵеأ׽鶼ǿ˺ܶ࣡
ħۺҹɻضһۣǿؿҶոոѺ׽ںһħ塣ǶںϹħ壬֪ħǿ󣬵û뵽ħںħ壬ں֮øǿˡ
ôǰѺ׽ֵǮҶǸͷʵЩڴ۸һռ䣬ͿԪ½Ǳһͨħ׬Ǯˡ
ǰҵǽҺִ¾Ϳˡͷڰֺ֣ǺǵصѺ׽ļ۸Ҳ̫˵˵ĻʶģſһʮϣͿܲҵʶˡҾħ̻ᣬʵ˵ǿ϶һЩռģֻܿһļ۸񡣡
ִµĻħۺҹɵۣԭļ۸Ƿ࣡
ҶҲЩ΢΢ȣ۸ѾԶԶԤˣȻۿռ䣬Ҷ׬һĽǮˡҶĶ࣬ڵħνȡ֮֮ߣ
ҶĵоŸ壬ÿ˵Ҳ壬Щÿ춼ڲϵؽҶÿһ壬ɵµ岹
ɵǳģ
еʱҶ룬֪ԼԺѷɵʲô۷ʱڣ־һʲôĴڡ
ǾһħɡҶһЦʵȴĳȡ
Ǹͷˬ֧һħҲǷǳˣһʽܹõɣѺ׽ƷʷǳߣһħѺ׽򣬼۸ᷭϣǸ߶ħֲ
Ҷõһħ𣬾˳ȺһƵ˷֮ɫʽ׶ֺγǱ
ħۡҹħϣʲôطû˴ţҶʵ˶ӣҶ׼ҸĽʣµħںħ塣
ħϿ޵˽˷䣬˷ÿҪħ𣡡ҹ˵кܶ˾ħ֮󣬶סϼ죬Ͼħ϶̫ˣһǾԹ䲻ģһξħ񽢵ĻҲܹ
ȥһ˷ʱ죡Ҷϵص
ǣҹȥⷿˡ
ܿ죬ҹͻˣжһöƴСӨԲѪɫοšһŰߡԵùӴ
ǵķšҹеתǰ·
ҶЩɻﶼǷյĽȣҪȥԼķأ
ֻҹһȵвǽǰͣ
Ҷŷ֣⸽Ľǽɫ𴦲ͬŵɫâ
ħ񽢵ΧһȣÿһȵвһƬǽڿͨħڲķ䡣ҹ˵ţеǰƬǽϡ
ֻǰƬǽڷһ̵ĹâȻǽϢشһţһʮ˵С䣬ŹκһЩС衣
߽ǼС֮ҹеͻȻҫ۵Ĺâֻһ죬ǽһȽŻ򿪣һ˽˷䡣
Ҷħ۶ǵһνħ񽢣ЩЩ죬ħ񽢵ƻǾϸޱȣò̾ѪɫַȻױȡ
Ҷ߽˽˷䣬˼ۣⷿ仹൱ģҲǳңп֮ĵط
ħֻͣ죬ʱޣ˽˷֮ҶǬƷʮƷħȫ˳ȻЩħںħ壬һһÿһں֮Ҷħȥħ̻ᡣ
һһأҶںħַԽԽ
ҹǮȥչʮƷħˣһħҶںħ֮󣬼۸ܷʵ̫ˣʮƷħںħ׬ǮЧʸߣҶʮƷħࡣ
죬Ҷû뿪䣬ħۺҹϵؽ֮䣬ҶǬĽǮʼǡ
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һ͵ڶԽ嫵֮УԵ˵Ǻ嫵ȴһ޷Խϰ
ֻǿ߲ΣһЩǿ߿ǿ棬ǹ˶ֵ»صϣǵѸٵţ
¥õƣ
ҸҪǣǵһ͵ڶ壬ӵ츳Ⱥ󲿷޷ǿմģ¥ԣ¥ʮξͱˣҲǼΪѵõġ
ħ𻹲һѣħҪͣŻ뿪Ļǣʣʱ䣬ҶȫԴճħ
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һҶűĶ
һƷħħ壬һβ׬ħ𣬸ʮƷħںħ壬һξ׬ʮħһƷʵĶںأԽǸƷʵĶ֮Խߣ
ȫ׵Ѫħװ
Ҷ۾Ѫħװ˳Ѫħװÿһںħ壬һСʱ֮Ѫħװʵı仯ѪħװΧȼܵһ㣬һʱյתԵð
֪ںħ֮ѪħװЧôˣٴһ۾ܿĲΧʵʱյ֮˵ʱյ֮УΪͨ˸׽


718 ֮
Ҷҹںħ֮Ѫħװȥħ̻ᡣ
ŰСʱ֮ҹѪħװˣħѪħװں֮ǧٶħ𣬼۸˰˱
ԽǸ߶˵ĶԽһ֮۸ҲᷭԽࡣ
һѪħװֶֻдӵܲõںħ֮Ѫħװǵ൱ǿģԸ߼۹Ҳǳ࣡Ѫħװʵʱյ֮ƥļ۸
ħ̻Ȼļ۸£֤͵ط֮󣬽øߵ
ҹǧħʲôħװҶ룬ҹʵ
ħװһײħ𣬾صǿߣҲѽ乥ƣ
ǺãȥһħװҶҪΪǿߣҪʱյ֮Ūһ̺ʱյ֮ħװǶǿ߶ԣǷǳģ۸ռҲ
Ҷİ£ҹǮȥһħװħ
һħװھħ̻չ۴ֻһǧħ𣬶ۻħҵļ۸
Ҷ˿ħװħװͨ尵ɫˮŵԣÿ÷ǳϸλı沼˼̣ʵϢҶоǿҵѹ
صǿ߶ѹƵսף
һսףѾķҶȫʲ
ҪǴһսףͨһصǿߣκβҶȻصǿ߻һвԵģȻҪħװҪһʱ䣬ûзֶΣصǿ֮£ħװջǻ塣
˵ħװһħװ۸ߴʮħ𣬴ħװʮصǿߣҲѹơ
һħװֵʮħѪħװļֵͿ֪ˣĻǵĲƸܹһħװԲԣ
ʲôʱҪܹ㵽һħװ۷ǿߣҲܴӦԡ
ڵҶ˵ֻһ㽶ѡ
Ҷʼħװһһħ塣
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ں˶ʮħ壬ÿϵħ壬ħװ˼ı仯ͨųصĺڽɫ⣬սױʵУҲ̺˿˿ʱյ֮
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Ҷںϵħװҹħһ𣬳ħ̻չħװĵطȥ
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ˣʲôö𣿡ִЦǺǵ˵ܹҶ֮е죬֮ǰǧħĽҶҹħȣҶԹĶӦò򵥡
һЩҶǬóһħװĻ֣ϵڽɫҫۼز
ִ¿֮ͫ׾ҵһ£ʶʲôСصλ
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ϣһЩĻǵĹ;ħִ̻ǿҶۣЩǰûĻϼ
ִ´һǰţһװ޵üΪķ䣬伫ΪڷϵȲϴΡ
Ҷħۻҹ
ұ˺ǿķսƣ˸淢ʲô
λĿˣȲ衣ִ̬飬ָҶ˵˲ˮȻҶС׼۵ȫ׵ħװ𣿡
Ҷͷ
ִؿһҶҶ۵Ķ˳۵ĶһЩͬǾĳַģ֪ħ̻ոһħװһװɣ
Ҷȫħװ˳
ִĿȵؿħװḧħװı棬̾ѣоʵʱյ֮񼶵ǿǣеؾҪʱյ֮һֱʱյ֮УԴȵʱյ֮ļʡ
öǺöִ̾ħװټֵħϣħ𶼲Ϊ
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ħۻҹɵ¶Щ˷֮ɫΨҶȻ侲ʱעźұı仯
ִЦſҶϲĻСӦһʦ֮ǰЩħħװСѴˡ֪һʲôַӦһžˣ
ִ°Ҷħħװںħ忴һַˣҶûн͡
ִ֪»ħװһʲôļ۸񣿡
ҸСһôִ´˴֣һЦеصСԸĻҿСھħְ̻ħ̻Ƹ˺ܶʦСѵĶžҾħ̻ᣬÿ׬ʮħ𶼲ڻ£ԻƬأΪһҾħ̻ĴѪɫ̻дõģ
ħ̻᣿
Ҷ룬ħ̻ᣬǲζҪžħ񽢲ͣдˣһûԪˣûȷħ̻һʲô֮֯ǰҶðȻؼһ
ҶЦҡҡͷлִµĺ⡣
ҶĻظִ»൱ʧģܹħ̻һɫʦĻòƵ档
ħװǾħ̻Ὣħļ۸չ֪СΣִ³Ƭ̵
ԣҶʹصͷ۸ѾԤˣؼҵһǿ֮˵¥ˣһЩϡ֮Ҳˣ
Ҿħ̻ƣҾħ̻ύ׵Ľﵽħ𣬾ͿԻһƣﵽʮħƾħ̻Ľ׼¼һƣǰ׽ƣǧǺڽơִ´ǬͳһƵݸҶĵؽܵҾħ̻鲼Ѫɫ̻ᶼͨõģ
ҶоƵĲʵĳϡкϽںϽȲͬͨ޷α졣ƷЩͻǸ̻ᾭӪֶ֮һ
Ҷ룬˻úڽ𼶱ϵ𣿻ãã֮Укܶ˵ĲƸﵽҶĳ̶ȡ
˵һʽףڱҶħװȫںħ֮ͷʽʮħʮħ𣬶κ˵һʾ˵ĲƸ
ĻǳѪҲһóôʽ


719 Ѫ
Ҷûоʹ˽ǲϵԴ׬ǮҶͷʽﵽһٶʮħ
ѾǾħ񽢵ִĻǵĵ죬ʱҪ뿪ˡ
һٶʮڵĽ׽Ļǳħ֮ǳѪûеڶ˵Ľ׶ܹﵽ̶ֳȣħ̻ĸ߲㶼ˣصعպִһҪúдҶ
õһٶʮħ֮ҶתһٶʮħħװȻںħ塣
ʮħһ׵ħװ
죬Ҷںħħװҵִ£ִµ亹ð˳
ħװӹɵģħװҲһħװѪɫһЩŹϴеĹõĳħװÿһ׼ֵʮħ
Ҷصַ֮󣬺ִ´Եعƣһħװļ۸ٷϣǾһٰʮħħװʮħ
ȥҷ᳤ֻôĽ׶ִ²˲ͷ亹Ҷһһ׬Ǯ̶ô죬ĽǮѾͨ˼Ӷ׬ġ
ִ£ħۺҹҲ𺳣⼸ʱǿۼ֤ҶļǧħѩƵعһٶʮħٹƬ־Ҫﵽʮħˣ
֪ħ̻ĽǶ٣Ҷѯʺִµħ̻᲻ôǮɣ
ִƺ֪ҶЩʲôæ͵²ҪᣬǾħ̻Ļͣʱ䣬׵ĽﵽǧħǷ᳤ֻ޶׶ﵽħϣʮħڻ£ǽ׶ﵽһ̶֮󣬾Ͳܹˣ᳤ֻ
ԭˣҶ΢΢׵
λԵȣִ´Ҵҵ뿪ˣ뿪ʱļڲ
ħۺҹȻ׹ƶˣЩ֪룬ǿʮħʲôһָ¥һٶңһˣ
ĲƸǿѪԶͨЩˡǿҶĿ˳ݣҶ̶֮׬ģ
ħĻܹͣһʱ䣬ҶĲƸѪҲֻʱ⡣
֪ҶħģȻô࣡
Ƭ֮һ޳ɫ쳣ںִµ˽ݣֹţ󻹸żܼһߡ
˵ĳ֮ҶһʱȷˣԷһѪħ
Ǹ˵Ŀ⳯Ҷɨ˹ҶоΧĿȻ˺üһ㣬ϢҪˡ
ѪɫѪħȻֻ࣬ǧǻÿһѪħϵǿߣѪɫ۷ȺƿѪɫٷ֮ʮϵԴȨÿһѪħλ߹ѪѪ֣Ѿǵλµˡ
ѪˣλҸ˵ĳҹִ쳣ؽܵ
ãǾħ̻ḱ᳤֮һƬķ᳤ֻѪѪҶһۣ΢Цŵ˵
ȻѪЦݿ䣬̬׺ͣҶֱѪħһ˶ǣѪȻǳᣬѪħһ徭ܹ֮ãǰѪܿҲһõϹϾħ̻ḱ᳤ְλɲʲô˾ʤεġ
áҶ΢΢ͷ
˵һЩַ֪ħװǴҾħ̻ṺȻģѪĿϵħװϣӹһ˿֮ɫ΢΢üڳ˼ʲô
ħװϣ˿˿Ƶʱյ֮У̲ĳԡ
ҶעѪ飬һĪѪʲô
ħװҾħ̻Ὣÿʮڵļ۸عǷʸһ⣿ѪĬƬ˵Ҷ˸ĺâ
Ҷ裬֪ѪҪЩʲô
ħװַЩʶĪǸǴģѪ̽ʵ˵ʱѪ¶ЩĽη顣
ģѪ仰ʲô˼Ҷ΢΢ü
ҶüѪڨڨһЦֵȻ²ԸشǾˣ͵ûʹ
Ѫ˵ﵽʲôطħװַʶĪһЩҲҶһڿԲ壿Ѫָġ᲻ɵйأ
Ҷгɻȴѯʡ
ҶԸоѪ͸żСĺ̽һ΢״̬
ҶԸȥһ״̬ѪԼһصɵ֪ҶĵϸܾܿͲͿˡ
ҶһָоѪ˵Ǹط϶ԺеķɵһЩĹ
ңֹ¸ҹֵ֧ħ𡣡ѪһԱߵĺ˵Ҷ΢΢һЦҹֵûȤһһ̸һ̸Σ
ִ֮ˣǵһοѪһ˿ĪҶʲô˲õıͷɣ룬ҶصַȷʵһЩܹӵеġ
ԡҶݵصͷ֪˿ѪΪԼĳȥһѪҪôңҶҲѪǴһЩϢ˵ܹҵһЩͷɵйص
ҶˬشӦѪȻЩϲ⣬Ȼ˵ʵ̫ίҹֵˣҹֵܸһȥеɣ
ħҹһȥɡҶħۺҹѪҲԼʲôħϣѪҪԸʵ̫ˣôϻҶֲһѡ
룡Ѫ˸ƣ΢Цŵתǰ·
ҶҹѪ󣬳ȥħȥҺִǮȥˡ
ѪһƵΪҶžħ񽢵ҶĬĬţżӦһ䡣
ڳĹţһ·ħȥ
ϣĻǵĴصشţǺܶ඼ĻǽѪĳڣٶ񼶵ǿߣеĻǸǳصĳǿѪ֮һ˵ȵС
ǿѪߵҶ֮󣬶¶ЩĿ⣬ΪѪԴҶ̬һֺõζмɻѪ˵˭
Ѫݵλ˽ģ۵λħ֮ǳѪѪҪѷɫö࣬ѪƬӰױȵġ
ʱ¿ڼ˵Ĵӵ£ԶϾѪҶ˵Ц죬ʱŵøϽֹסŲ˵һԣкȻѡ¿Ҷ϶һЩ˲ıû뵽ҶѪȻܹƽƽ
Ҫ֪ѪƬӰԶѪǿǳȻĴڣ
ҿûˣҶ˵ܹ¼Ļԣɫһ£ӦҶʾһˡܰôһͲηüԼҵĴѹˣ
ҶȻҲԶ¿գװûпѪһ·ȥʧȵתǴ


720 ̫ħѹ
ħеһŸԲĴΪԲаףװεüΪ࣬һжǴİɫȴ˿˵ĸоΪ͸񷶥ֱܹӿǿգǿϣ׺ǵѤõƣģκװΣΪ澰ǰȻʧɫ
ڴ룬ڷһųİɫ˷ʢʳȫǼƷ
ѪʩʩȻһƣ΢Цλ
Ҷҹλ
ѪĶֹһŵĹ緶쳣԰׵ɫȴԸеĸоպѪɫѪɫͫʱҶҪҶһ㡣
֪ǿٻһ壬൱ڵڶĴڣ˻ںܸ֮ǿصѪں壬ױӵ߿ƣѪҶһЦ
Ѫ£ļʶǳ󼰡
ѪĻҶһԼӵ˷ɵӵĪ仹һ壬ٻ壿
ҶǸǿҵĺ棬Ǹ᲻Ƿɵĵߣ
𣿡Ҷһһħ֮ƾɣͣرŸ״
ǵħ壬ϾħԣѪȻһ˿̰֮ɫƬ֮ǹ̰ƽϢȥȻܺãں֮ᱻƣѪŲɵ¡
廹òǿ󣬽Ǹոյûжã֪еһЩǿһضǻأѪң񷶥ǿգ¶ĳɫ˵д˿˿ηʮǰħһħСǵļ壬һλǿգ֮䣬ǸħϽٿ廯Ϊ𺣣ͷŵһɡ
ЩҶҲǼΪ𾪣ǵһʲô壿ֻͷųһٿ廯ΪǵӦǻԵģǸӵе϶Ҳֻһ
Ȼ廹ǿ󣬵ʦҩʦ֮УκħħװеҩںһܳΪıѪЩصҲмּʣУһЩӵŵơ
Ѫ᳤˵˵ǵĺɡҶƽ˵ڻ֪Ѫͼ
ѪѪɫͫһ΢⣬һЦģҾħ̻мǳϡ̫ħҹֵܹЩħһʷĳͣ
Ҷüëһɫضϵһˮһڡ
ÿһ̫ħҹֵܻܶħĳͣѪȻ΢Цĳͣһ˶Ѿܾ
ԣÿһҪ֧ͣҪʳھħ̻ṺҪĶҶͷ̫ħ˵Ҳûʲôʧ
̫ˣԤףǺ죡ѪһЦ
Ѫİ£Ҷҹһ֮УϾذڷƷнҲнָ֮ĶӦöƷʲĶ̺ϢԶͨʮƷħ
ħڵʷԽԶԽǿǻɱ¾ɳ̫ʱħӦö򵥡
̫ħӳʶĿ˴˼ƺ˭Ҳ˭ҵؽš
ˣЩѪ˵̫ħ𣿡ҹ˿ħûзʲôر֮ǰ˼Ҫϸ˭֪ʱǼħͻȻǿҵѪ֮һεϮҪҹϳһ㡣
ҹæ⡱غ˼ԶԶģ̫ħĿ¶֮ɫɫЩ԰ף̫ħϢʵ̫ˡ
ҶܣǷյģ˳ȥţûκγڣһ˿϶ûУҶȴһָоĳڽӡ
Ҷ΢΢üѪ֮뿪ˣҶѪһвܲˣ϶ĳע
Ͽȥ̫ħѾ˰Уһɿֲɱ¾֮Ӷ̫ħεɱ¾ֻͷųһ˿ϢѾǳˡ
ǳڱѪɱ¾֮Ӱ죬񼶵ǿߣҲױƷ裬һֻǿߣܼԦס
̫ħϵѪɱ¾֮Ҷ˹ҪҶȫɡ
Ѫ̽ԼҶһͷų껤סֵסǹɱ¾֮Ϯ
ʱ˿̣ħ񽢽׵λãѪһѺϣͷϵһǳˮǳˮеӳӰҶڵҵľ̫ħڰ֮УһɹѪħҶѹȶȥ
Ѫˣ˵ǲǸˣ˵վѪԵһˣ˾ħ֮ǳѪĿҲǳˮϡ
ѪѪʱɫΪӣҪ֪ѪĻǵƿߣħ֮ǳ۷ǿߣ֪ΪʲôѪƺѪΪˡ
Ȼٻ壬Ӧò٣Ѫעǳˮɫƽص
ǽɱ᲻ǸǿߵĲѪЩǵʵ̫ħϢܹͨܵסġ
̫ħˣܿǸӣɱҲ޷ѪɫһâʵҲԥҪҪɱҶҶӦûкܶǸܣ
˿̣Ǽ֮УҶ껤壬̫ħϢϮԱ߿ȥҹǱʲôµĶסˣͣţֳ־֮ɫȴǷκ
ҹΪΪ΢ħʴ֮󣬺ܿҪŲסˣҶֳһ꣬סҹ
ټȥҹϾͻ
ҶĿ⳯ǽ淽ؿһۣȻ߶Ժеķɵ
˿ͷעǳˮѪһüͷԱߵѪѪˣע⵽ǣ
Ѫ΢΢ףû뵽ҶȻܹǵĿӡ
ʲô飿ȻѪüǳˮϵӰ
ѪɫҲ
֮С
ħѣΪû취ԸôҶһЦ߶ԺеķɵɵϢ͸̫ħѹ˹ȥ
ܵ˷ɵϢ̫֮ħʲôΪµ£ȫˡͣҴڡ
ҶһɵϢȻѹЩħ
ӵзɵҶδκܹɵԿĶ
̫ħһоɵϢηҪ
ҹϵѪɱ¾֮Ѹٵɢȥҹһ㣬ڵϲͣشŴ
Ҷϵش߶Ժеķɵس̫ħȥϷɵϢ̫ħѹȥ̫ħ˲޷ˣħȫԹ׹档


721 
ҹЩؿһ棬̫ħʵ̫ǿˣͷųϢ޷ˡû뵽ħҶˣ
ʱǳˮпһĻѪѪ϶¶Щ֮ɫ
ѪˣʾѪСĵصһսʼߣ׵ѹס̫ħɼԷϰֶΡ
ѪǳˮҶӰĿ˸ȷʵɱҶ̽һ̽ҶϵܣҲǵǸǿߣԭ̫ħ̽һ£Ҷ̫ħɵҲ֮ʣû뵽Ҷ׵ѹס̫ħ
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ѪһǳˮֻҶѾһ̫ħʼںħˡ
Ѫħ뿪Ļ֮ҪʱעˣκϢһ㱨Ѫ˵
ǣѪصͷɨһԱߵǳˮҶҲ˼ȤѪұѪЩʲôĳ֮λǿѪȥġ
ƬУѪͨ˵
Ѫõǿçű𣿡ѪɨһѪ˵
õˣѪ΢ݣϽħõĲçű˳˫ŵݸѪ
Ѫӹçűǲçű̺һŨĹϢ沼һ֡
ѪеĹű¶һ˿΢ЦͷѪһɵúܲ
лͣѪæ˵
ǵçűˣѪĲçűǹһ˿ζЦ⣬õе߿çűƬҲûҵĶˡ
һ֮Ҷ̫ħȫϣõеǧħһʾ˵ĲƸ
죬ϣ´λкĻᣡѪҶ΢΢һЦ
죡ҶһѪѪˣѪħһһĶţʵƻգǱҪҶȻԸйĽӴ
˼䣬Ѫ뿪ˡ
ǬǾħҶҲɵЩ˷ܣôһʾ޿Ϳ򵽺ܶͨ󼰵Ķˣ
Ҷҹҵħۡ
ߣȥҶ΢΢һЦѾгһ嵥һǧħ𣬾ھħ򵽲ٺö
ħСҶߵˣͫħ֮ǳѪѪһѪѪ£ǰǳˮˣѪħõĲçűѪ
ħ۵ĻҶüë΢ԭĻǵһжѪڱıģҶ֮ǰЩ֣ѪĲôһħװԭѪֱʣѹˡ
뵽ǬǿűѪøѪǿűҶ϶£
űѱ棬ǣѪִ˵Ǹ߲һЩǿ֮Ĳģ
Щʱ޹ء
ͷǧħȻȥ˵һʱ䣬ħ񽢾Ҫ뿪Ļˣץʱˣ
Ҷҹħһ𣬹ħ񽢣ʼһĴɹ
Ȼһٶħһֻ֮䣬֮ռ޴װʮ¥
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ҶǮǧֵǳġǳ裬ҪʱʱԴ߶ħ
ǧħܿͻˡ
Ҷ򵽵Ķ֮Уǧħͬˮһ㻨ȥˡ
ʣһǧһٶħҶҪһЩ񼶵ūȥһ֣֮һصūҳϷӡģͨһصǿҪһЩһֻҪһǧħ򵽣ȻΪ۸صҪǧħصĸҪڡʮصģ۸ߴٶħ
λҶ˵ǿԽܵģһ׬Ǯܹ²ģҶĿУѾǷǳǿĴڡѯʹҶ֣ǿ߶ܵϸƵģǴʸΪЩˣ޷ͨ˹
Ҷֻգ֮ҶĿͶעħװϣһͨħװ۸ʮħңƷʺһĲһħ𣬴һħװʮصǿҲû£Ҷֱס
񼶵ūܹƵģսʼūȴûʲôƣһͨսʰǿҲħѣҶһħǧսǿߡ
ĻǵĹһ㶼սʾţǧ˵ĹģĻǲ
Ҷ֣ǹ֮䡢ħ֮ĳƷħĹ൱ǿģǧ˵սʾźڻѻǱȽϴģҶ˿ͷʣ²ħ
ĻЩ֪Ҷڶ̶̵ļСʱ֮ڻǧħ𣬲֪᲻ιȥҪ֪һһĹңʲҲħѡ
Ļ֮ͣ󣬾ħ񽢼
п˶Ӿħˣħ񽢻ʻĻǣĻ￪ĵطಡһ˿ռ䴩գۼʧľͷ
Ҷֻħħ֮ڳǹһܴׯ԰µսʶںħ壬Ȼ
ҹҪ뿪ѪɫǰҪʱ䣿Ҷѯҹ
뿪Ѫɫǰҹһ£û뵽ҶȻҪǰʵصѪɫı߾޷ÿռ䴩ͨģҷΪɭϣ˷ǳϵħܹõѪɫͨ뺣޷뿪ѪɫġҾ뿪Ѫɫʱ޳ûĺܻܿᱻΧɱ
ޣҶЩɻ
۷սҲֻ˵˵ĳЩ޿һצ˺ħ񽢣ҹ
ҹĻҶ𺳲ѣۼʶħ񽢵ǿ󣬶Ǵ˵е޾Ȼһצħ˺飬ǾһʲôĿ´ڣ
֮󣬵治У


722 ¥
Ҫ뿪Ѫɫı߾˵һЩ뿪ѪɫͨѪɫ֮䡣Ϊ֮˽ƷܹʮٱıһЩǿ߻ĵƹѪɫı߾֮乹һЩͨ
Ҷ΢΢ףǴǱ߹ģֻϧһͨ
룬϶ѪɫҰѪɫһЩԪǣֻ·֪ʲôط
֮ιôޣΪ˻ӰħϽֻϧûüʹЩǮ㲻֪ˡԪǻǻ˲ٲƸģԪǱߵĲƸȫӦûвٵġ
Ҫ֪Ԫι˻ޣٸûǻϣҲ˴ޣÿ궼кܶǰЩɱޣôۻԪϵӰħϽѾ֪жˡ
ҲΪˣԪǵ鷳ܻ
Щħǿ϶ҲԪôľ޶Ƹǿ϶ͨһЩһУ
ܻصԪǣƾԼͷװ˶ħħ񽢣ԪǸħ϶ᱻȥԪǾͰȫˣϧҶ֪ȥ·ġ
Ҷ׼һĻϼӪԼ跨ȳӰɱһˣΪԼãһħʱ̹۲ĻǣȷǰԪǵͨħĸۡѾħ۶סˣǱߵһһħ۵Ĺע֮С
ɽտ϶ǲеģҶϱУչħħ֮ת۳ȥ׬ȡеĲۣżҲչһЩħҩ֮ĶȻûа취ھħ׬Ǯô죬Ȼϱˡ
׬ǮҶʱͷų꣬µǧսһǵ껥ںϣҶ֣ԼٶҲ˺ܶ࣬Ϊչܿ졣
ҶѾһãԼںԽࡢΪԽǿԼٶҲԽ죬һ໥ٽĹ̡
Ļϣʱɿš

ԪǣʥǣҶء
Ҷ̨籺ͶСصҶأСĵҶضˣ˶С۰мӡҶս졢Ҷս۵һڳСǸ硣
СĳɳٶȣνˣոճӵսʼΪ˯ʱΪҲڲϵ˼ܺõ飬ոյûõĺ֮飬ֻ֪Сϣ⻹С⼸СһһĴ
ոѧС죬Ѿʱյ֮ұҶûҪ̵ö࣬츳õҶеʡ
̨籺Ͱվ죬ǾһԾĽûΧһжȻʧɫ
̨籿Զĺ֮òֺС죬һ˿ĸԵ֮ɫ
裡СؽһڵϷһ£Ц
ĺ֮鲻ʱΧС߷裬ͬһһɰľ顣СǣѾҶ
СһСһոճӵսʼΪ
ůҶĳһʱЩʧûսҶԸ֮֡
ҶŲ̨籵ȥ
̨籺Ͱ꿴Ҷ¶Цݡ
ԶɽϣһɫӰһԪǵǻ꣬Цݵؿһӣ̬Ӻݶׯ
С쵮ԪǼеսǣʱ̹עͥһЩսԭҶһһЩвȨƵ׻ʵˣǿС쾪˵ĳɳٶ֮һˡ
СոճӵսʼΪÿ˯˯ٶȾͰ˺棬ٶȣ֮ͻ񼶾ǰ϶飬ǻʲô˵
ԴҶʼƹԪ֮ҶҲһڷǱǻں϶ȺܸߣΪͻͽﵽսʼѾٶˣսʵǰٵҲ˶ʮˡ
Ԫ½췭ظı仯ҶƿԪ½ȨƣƿصĵͥҲֻ󡣱˵Щսˣ۵һĳЩʱҲҪѯҶ
ְ֣С쿩Цţ¶ȱͣҶ˹
ҶС챧СԴȻСһܵƤЩճӤǺܴܶˣŰ¾ܽˡ
Сӳûͷԡװֵģʱյ֮Ũ̶ȣҶ̾С컹ûͱΪļ̳ߣôһЩġ
С죬ҶȻ뵽ʲôͷӹһ˿ǣһüͷ
Ҷ磬ôˣԱע⵽Ҷ飬ĵʵ
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Ϲ˵еʱ˵Ҫ˾ĸ̣ѾôãȻûټ۰æˣ˵ӦѾԪˣȥ᲻ΣաҶ΢üһϹһ֮ҶѾĵϹ󵱳ֵһˡ
Ϲ츳׿Ϊɲ⣬׷鵽ʲôȥĳط㲻õġ̨οҶ
ǰҶ磬Ϲʵôǿ㲻صġһԵ
Ҷ˵ͷԼһڤ֮󣬱ҲûгȻҶûиӦǸȴѾӦǸĴˣ֪ʲô飬ϹҲѶȫޡ
ĪڤħĳѨ֮һ
ϹԼǸ᲻ᱻħ
ȻԪ½ûħ֣һЩħħֿƵսҲȫۿҶȴһЩħ϶ôĿľӪһ˵Ѿڰνһֵķˣ
ԪϿյħѨûκζҶѾᵽһ˿ΣϢ
ҶţħһַӺδ֣
ʱ۵ͳңԶսʵ
Ҷսʵһˣ۵дһ˿أҶĲɵÿһ£ĪǷʲô
̨꣬ҪȥսʵһˣҵϢҶ
̨籺Ͱһۣ¶Щ֮ɫһԪ½ƽʲô¶ûзҲҶһоһ˿
̨籡飬ҶЦЦοҿΪԪ½ĳЩҪǲصģ
֮ǰҶֱ˱С죬Сһĺ֮ûйҶ
ҶЦЦ𣬳ͨȥ
ʥҶٲȻѾԪ½ģרҶ޽ǰԪ½صĴͨҶȥʱȥֱͨսʵ
һ͵սʵڴҶ㳯ԶտȥֻͣһҾ޴¥¥ߴＸʮףտɰˡͨ¥ûʲô𣬴ôһЩĺۼ滹һЩеʱյ֮


723 ǵ
Ҷһüͷ¥ԲԪǵĶܿǴǿնġ
¥ħģħĻԪǸ϶ѾսˣôǺηʥȻԪǣ
Ȼϵѣ˵Ӧø˲ŶԣΪʲôԼʱѹŲ죿
սʵʱҶơ
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ǾԪǲԶǣǱ߹񡣡ƵЦݲˣҲЩʹӣսʵųġ
ǣôǵڵģҶ΢΢üԪѾʧȥϵܾˣǵ˾ȻִܹЩ˲죬ʲô
˵һ¥ĳʦһ¥ֵʮǳģƲƲ
ʮǳģҶüë΢ԪеǳĶۼûʮֻһ⣬ôĶǾȻҲǵĲ澪ˡ
˵䣬ҶѾƽսʵֻսʵվءͷˣǵĶܡԲ󡱣ԲԲ־һˮͰһ㣬ԴȴǷģƤеƫڣִֺÿһСԴô󣬶зԴ߲ȣȥЩ
ǶżΪķΣڸִʲôͷΪ֣˫֣һؿۡ
ԪǲҪǵʩᣬЩħҪԪǻأŭһɫΪ졣
񼶵ħѾǸǱˣħǰԪǻκʤ𣿡ͷЦһԴص˵ٶħڳ߹ھͻִԪǣǻȵԼķɡ
ɫһ˳ŭ
ԸΪǵǣῼһ¶ʩԮ֣򣬵ЩħԪǽٲԱһЦһֺطЦҾ֪ԪǵŸոյһ²õСޣ׼һСЦ
ײ£ﻹʲΪԷʵ̫ˡ
ޣΪҪԪǵǻ꣬ó֣Ǹͷһ͵صǻǿɣ
Ҷֱȥʵ۴ˣʲô飿
ҶɫԻǰɣ
Ҷó۵ѹŷŭ
ҶԲʵλôƺ
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ҶƽŵصԪʱ
Щؿһֿۣ˿ҶЩɻоԪ߸ô˵˲㣬Ȼһս˷ѽ⣡
ҶĻ֮ԷŻһ㣬֪Ƭħһص㣬ٸ񼶵ħڵִ壬Ը־ԮԪǣֻм
ʲôҶüë΢Щǧ̸ǻǸ꣬ûģ
˵֣һԪҪΪǵǣսʱĵǲڶι˺ܶħޣԻôӰħϽ𣬴˺ÿ꣬Ǳ볯ǧħ𡭡һ˿̰֮ɫȴһŨŨʩζ
ĻҶΪŭԸ־ԪǣԪǳΪǵҲûʲôÿ곯ǧħҲûʲôǶԷԪǵİΣҪЮе㲻ʹˣĪԪһҪֲܻȥɣ
ʲôҶҪ˵üһеΪʲôһƵۻŭˡ
ԪÿѡǧŮ͵ȥ˿ҶۺƵŭͷ˵
Ҷˣ仰Ѿװŭˡ
ǴӦǾԪǵĳ裡ԪǵǣԪϵŮǶסǻȥ
ġҪ˵
صˣҶִ̧ĻЦһԪǲӦǵǻȥɣ͸ǵ˵Ԫǵˣллĺ⣬Ԫǵ飬Ͳ˼Ҷˣ
տʼеûҶĻƬ̲ŷӦ䶶һ£ɫе죬ƺǳѪˣŭüô˾ѯǻ𣿡
Ҷӣǻ꣬Ԫǻͬǵǻǲͬ⣡ҶնصǻӦǵҶһǻû꣬ʿɱ裡
ۺЩȵؿһҶǶû뵽ҶܺԥǿӲֱӻؾǵҪȻЩԪ˵һĪĳ裬ΪȥǵȻмֶҡ
룬вɵмֲ
Ҳͬ⣬ȥתɣԪǲҪľȻһºȴᶨŮڴͬʱԶһӰ˳һ绪Ůˣһ׵ɴ͸¶һޱȸ߹ʥϢ
Ԫǻ꣡
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Ԫǻ֮ҲǲΣŵ̬ȣ΢΢һǻˣֻתĻǻ˲޶⡣
Ԫǻƽ΢΢׵ףлĺ⡣ԪǻһƵӡ
Ԫǻ˵ûκ𺦵ģΪǳΪǵǣħǽŮԪǻȻǸ߸ϵĴڣǵҲҶԪǻκβеһжԪǻ޹أû뵽Ԫǻ꾹Ȼܾˡ
Ĵǵͨ죬·ҪγѪһ㣬ԪǻڣǶȻᷢ쭵ģʲôǵǻ꣬ݵλԶǡ
ҶмؿһԪǻ꣬ԪǻͬǵҪҶҾԻԪǻѣҪйĴӦǵôԶ̧ͷ
ԪǻܾˣҶԪǻĹ۸˺ܶ࣬һҶԪǲĹСԺħҶ˾սһˣҲػԪǻ꣡
ȻԪǻѾһȥ˼תǺŶ䣬صȻлҲֻܱ
ǵһͻᷢ죬ɫǲκα仯


724 ذɣ
ҶͼλɡԪǻӺһЦ֮Ķ𣬶˵Ǹƶѡ
ǣǻˡҶ΢΢ЦһΣԪǻһַĵľ⡣
ҶһμԪǻ꣬Ԫǻӡǲġ
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ԪǶЩʱ䣬ʲô飿ҶΪɻλǿΪʲôԪǣ


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۵ȭЩСϣЩСǶʱķ˳ȥ
꣬ңҶһ͸ܻһ޴ĽױʿͰ껤档
ױʿֳսꪣһײСػӳ
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ۺͽױʿϵعţʱЩС赲סˣ޷
ȻЩС޷ǵΧǳ濴ȥΧСԽԽ࣬γһ޴Բ״󣬽Χ棬ʱϵԽãǾԽѳȥ
Щ֮У·һ˯ѣ
ɫأΧһ򵥵ĽƣʱסˣЩС档
ҶҲͷų꣬ЩСѸٵѰš
ЩǱƵģҶͺһɵĽױʿ۲ĽƣײЩС壬Ҫƿһ·
ʱС£һҺһ໥ںһ𣬻һֻ֣ҶĽױʿץ
ಣҶ߶ױʿѡ
ֻٶȸ죬ץס˽ױʿֻءһױʿˡ
еҶоؿ⵽ҵһɫףϽָ
ô۳Ҷ߿һۡ
û¡Ҷҡҡͷ˫۴߶ԺеķɵͷųҲͷų˻Ҷָ
ҶĻҲĸо棬ͨ˻ƣҲȥҶֻһЩˣҶĻеڲͬ
üͷ濴ȥ֪Щʯͷô£Ȼӵһ㡣
ʲôˣҴص¥߲㣬ȥʱһͳϵ˹
·Զգ翣޷ڡ
ǵõԪǰǰ̽ص¥߲㣬ǰǺˣҶ۾עһߴ߶ָƣһ߿ʵ
ԪǸƺ˼ʲô˶ٵ֪ˣƹܵص¥ǸСȻ˵ص¥Ҳû㹻ʵ߶ص¥಻ҡ
ⷬۺҶ˺Ȼص¥ﵽ׳˯ʲôˣԪҲȫ
Ԫ˵Ҷӵ㹻ʵͻѵص¥͸㹻ʵָǵʲôĪҪԽУԪǰȻǵص¥ӵߣƺȫƿ
ǰôƺҶʵҪ׳һЩ
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һ䣬ΧСѸٵس۲Ľײ˹
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ǿ֧ŽƣɫЩף߳һε亹ֻһ۱ѾܲסˣԷûþȫþȫֻ˲ͻҷ
Ѿ۷ǿߣĪǶԷһǿߣǸߣ
ǰҵԸȥ۵ͷ˵
Եǰǿߣ಻òͷ϶ֻ·һ
ҶһۣЩɻһǿڵص¥߲㣬һ˸޷ص¥ڰ˲͵ھŲ㣬ĪҪڰ˲͵ھŲ㣬Ҫʲôɣ
ǰҪôܽص¥ڰ˲͵ھŲ㣿Ҷʵ
Ҫôܽڰ˲͵ھŲ㣿Ǹδ֪Ĵһӵнڰ˲͵ھŲԿף


727 ֿ⣿𺳣
ڰ˲͵ھŲԿף
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣ʲôԿף
գգ۾ĿҲмɻ
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ЩһһƺѾ֮ˡ
ҶͰͬʱ뵽ʲôһۣĪӡǸصĻߣԪ˵ص¥бöӡ
ǰ𣿡ҶһһһСöӡظ˰С
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۲ؿһҶҶӡ£ĪǾǴ˵л߷ӡͷϻʨӡ£뵽ҶĻޣƺʲô
ΪʲôһöҶôõöӡµģ
ǷħӡǸƺЩ죬ԻһЩöӡǰڰ˲͵ھŲԿסҵı廹ڳ˯óԿף޷ѣҲ޷ǿص¥ڰ˲͵ھŲ㡣
ӡҲǽص¥ڰ˲͵ھŲԿף
ҶЩʧǵʲôԿأΪʲôǸ˵øһЩ
ҶóöӡʱҲǼͬһʱ̣϶ӡǰص¥ڰ˲͵ھŲԿףû뵽ȻǴˣ
ǸһЩ֤ӡص¥ԭˣȷʵôһЩϵ
֪ص¥߲˯ǸˣһʲôĴڣ˵ı廹ڳ˯ڳ˯֮Уɱһ۷ǿߣʵǶôǿ
˶˶ݵĳĬ֮У˼޵ļ
Ǹ˲ûмŽ˸ߣҲĬû˵ˡ
ԿףԿףԿ
ʲôǵص¥ڰ˲͵ھŲԿף
ƾۡҶԴ벻̫ˣöӡʲôǵص¥ԿףԪǵʷϣйصģֻеص¥ӡѣ
ҶȻһԼص¥ʱԪǰԼ˵ǷָʲôԪǰ˵ѵص¥͸Լһ壬ΪԪǰԼҲǵص¥ƿߣ
ңԪǰȻɳص¥ʵеڲͬ
Īǡ
ҶȻһâ뵽һһֱԽ⿪ţ
ѵԿ
ҶЩ˼ǣƺֺһ·Ҷоڵȴȥ⿪һƽ֮ЩƺѾ֮ˣȴڲ֮С
֪ǲǵص¥ԿףһԱ֪ˣ
ҶƽͣһĵϿգһɵ
ɵֻ̺ҶԺзɵһ˿ζѡͨ徧Ө͸ҫ۵Ĺâˮɣɵ֮һ˿˿תĪ
Ȼֻںһ˿ΣȴǷǳˣ޼᲻ݡĿǰΪֹҶûɵΪǿĴڡ
Ҷٻɵֻ֮ɵͻȻųɹâ
ɵâҫ£ΧЩСѸٵɢƬձƽԶɫĴų֮Уһɫĵ̺һ·Ҷڵλ˹
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ɵȻǵص¥ڰ˲͵ھŲԿף
ҶȻĴţ𶯲ѣԼҲЩš
۶¶ã֮ɫе벻ףôҶһɵžͺȻˣ
ۿҶ˼
Ƭ֮ǽɫĵ̺ԱߣһӰһ۵ߣݳ඼˿Ļ֮У˿׳ʲôֻмƻҰ׵ͷӻ۵ķ϶͸˳Щֻͣһ׶һ㣬ֻҶ˵ʡ
Ҷ˶ס˺κ˶Сߵʵ
ۿߵʱξ߻᲻Ǵ˵Ԫ½ֹεǸߣܣǿǱҪǿĴڣ
ҶͰ궼һЩɣǽؿߡ
߶ҶһȻಽسɫȥ
һǿߣԼϹسҶϣѵǴ˵еǸߣ
ҶͰ꿴ۣ۵˵ͷӦþǸˣһǿߣֵĻȫûκη֮
ǰǣҶС̽ʵ
ǵص¥𿴹ܵص¥Ņ̀ͷǿһҶȻ󹧾˵
˭ǵص¥ˣҶɻʵ
˭Կף˭ǵص¥ˡ߼ػشֻеص¥˲ܽص¥˲;Ų㣬λȴ
ֻҶܽص¥ڰ˲͵ھŲ㣿
ڵص¥Ĵ˵ǵص¥ڰ˲͵ھŲ㣬˭ûнȥ浽һʲôĵط
ҶһۺͰ꣬۴ˡ꣬һȰɣ
ۺͰ֮󣬶˵ͷֻҶһΣҲõġ
Ҷڻߵ󣬳ɫȥ˵Ӱû˽ɫŵı
ص¥˵Ĳֿ⣬ֻأ㹻Ȩ޵ʱ򣬾ͿһУ˵Ϊ˻㹻Ȩ޲ιǸƽȵ˵ţǰ·
ҶŻߣȽɫĴţǰȥǰľ׵ˡ
Ѿǵص¥ڰ˲ˣû뵽ص¥ڰ˲Ȼģ
ѹֻ˵ص¥һֿ⣬ȻһֿⰡ
ǰһƬ޾գһɫĴ·ûоͷһ㣬һֱԶ
޾֮Уսףţγһ޴ķ
ЩսһͱħսҪ߼ö࣬ÿ׾ͻһףôƾһվʿһ㡣
һ·ǰ֮̽飬ǡ
ȫսװ
֮
γһ޴ķ
ЩеսףҶ·𿴵һҵľӣɱ񣬷ɱ
Щս֮дﵽжսף
ףʮףף
ҶôսҪķѶôඥս׾ʲôĿģ
ǧȻ޷̽ͷκﶼ޷Ҷ˿̵𺳣ԪǵÿһǳʦռٸϵϡнķѼǧʱ䣬Ҳδܹôսף
Щս׷Ϊü࣬ͼսףҲԶߵȼħսף濴ȥ鶼ɫսףҲǲҶڵص¥֮ǵõԪս׼Ϊơ


728 ص¥ھŲ
ԪսѾٵ÷ǳˣʵءȷԲϾԪǰսס
ȻƵԪսףȴڼƣ
ҶһڼƵĳţÿ˶ɫսףǻʲô赲ŵĽŲ
ЩսҶãҶʵִһ׺ɫսϸֱʵĽʸУɵǺܴġ
˵Ȩ޻ҪʮأõƷƽ˵һ·ǰȥ
Ҷһ·߹ȥͷϿաµաߣȫĸ߼սףӾ֪
ϧЩҶʱûʸõҪ۷õһ֣
ôսף½ֻõһС֣ջҲ൱˵ģΪЩս׵Ʒʶǳߣ
ص¥Ǹˣ֪Ǻηʥʲôݣ
һ·ǰţĽŲʵ죬תۼѾǧ֮⣬ҶΣֻʩչǿϡ
ӹս֮󣬱Ǳ
սһسŸֳսҶҲ֪ЩʲôģҲǳ࣬ǰսһҲÿ׾ͷһѡ
һƬޱ򣬲սꪡ
ȥж࣬ͷˡ
Ҷ𾪵ؿһУѾ޷κδʻԼ˿̵ˣȥһƬޱ׳۵쾰ۣ
˭ôһӴޱȵı⣿
ҶԷһʲôĴǿߡ
ңԿ׾ҶԺǰѷɵ
Ҷ̽˷ɵһ˿ȴɻ󣬷ɵʲô
ԷһʲôˣԼʲô
ֻǰһԼ𣿶ԷҪЩʲô
еĽɫ·Ϸʮ֮ǰڳһյĽɫš
ص¥ھŲһĲֿ⣬ֻ˲ܴ򿪣߿Ҷ˵
һĲֿ⣿
ҶԼӶˣ˿̵еͷһνһ㣬ص¥ڰ˲ռ䣬ѾˣھŲռ仹ҪǾôһ
κէȻһУԲҶõȥ
Ҷһƽһ飬һɵɵȻâš
Ӧɵ֮ǰĽɫԶػˡ
ǰȻĽɫţҶĲ浽׻Щʲô
΢΢̧ͷ͸ñܿһҶ˵ƽһ˿Ĳ
Ҷһ£¶˾ģȥ
߽ȽɫţҶ˵ص¥ھŲ㡣
һھŲ㣬ǰľҶס˺ŵŴ۾
ǰҲһƬ嫵գû˵ڰ˲Ľɫص¥ڰ˲㲻ͬǣھŲгеĲսףҲǱһ˶ޱϼһĶ
Щ޴ĲϼÿһԪôҶǸվǰһ΢һС
ص¥ھŲһƬ嫵ǿգЩϼеȺһ㡣
ص¥ھŲȻȵڰ˲Ҫ˲֪ٱҶԸоЩϼ֮һǿЩǿԶҶоԼ˿ǰһ
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һ޴Ĺޣʵֲ̫ˣһֻ׾ܻһ壡
Ҷٵӹص¥ʮϢһ֧޾ǳǿ֮Уʵ̫ˣҶǽһʲôĳ
ЩʲôҶЩľؿԱߵĻʵ
ޣ߼̵شȻƽˮ
ޣҶüͷ̧ͷޱȹգôޣһֻҪ˰ɡ
Ǿ͵ɡ߻ͷһҶ
Ҷ˵ͷǰ濴ȥޱȺĿռ䣬ʩչٶȷӣܼ궼߲ͷ
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ص¥ھŲһط˴ﵽһΪִܵƺֹ˶תǻȥɣ￴һУòҪˡ
Ҷص¥ھŲһۣ﾿Щʲô
˿ߣҶгɻص¥֮һУء
Ϊʲôôһֿ⣬Կ׾ȻԺķɵ
ص¥߲㣬Ƚɫ档
ۺͰ꽹ƵصȴţǲʱسɫĽֻһƬڰգЩʲô
ôûЩĵصҶѾȥܳʱˡ
ʱӰ˽ɫŵĳڴ
ˣ۾һ¶ϲ֮ɫҶӭȥ
ҲӭȥЦʵҶص¥ڰ˲͵ھŲ㶼Щʲô
˿̣ҶȻƽ֪ʲôݣһԵĻߣҪѿĶκˡ
𺳣Ƭ̣Ҷֻһ˿̵顣
𺳣۶һɻؿҶΪʲôҶ˵ĸ֣Ҷ׿ʲô
ǻȥɡҶȻ˵ص¥˲;ŲĶû㹻ʵ֮ǰҲû취κζ
ۿһԱǸߣ˵ͷԻߵҲ˲²⣬ǻ͸Ϣ˿ð
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߳Ĭص˵ͷĿҶۺͰȥӰಡһƾʧ·ûгֹһ㡣
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ӵص¥ۿҶʵҶڵص¥˲;Ų㵽׿ʲô
Ҷ룬۾֪ҲûʲôôԪǵһԱһֱҵҵػԪǣܱԪǣҶһսϵġ
Ҷڵص¥˲㿴ս׺ͱһ£˼Ƭ֮󣬻ǰѵص¥ھŲ㿴Ķȥˡ
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ˣۺͰ껹ĿɿڴΪҶ˵һ̫˼ˣ߽׵ħս׻Ҫǿöսף԰ڼ࡭
Ҳֲ̫ˣ
ԪʹùԪսף
⾿˭Ĳֿ⣿
˭ôĲ
ۻǰ꣬Դˣ嫵УһЩܼĴڣ޷ġ
Ҷֻһµص¥˲ۺͰ;úܲ˼ˣǵص¥ھŲĶ֪ǻθ롣


729 ƽ
ҶҪʮأõЩսףĿޱȣضҶʵܹõص¥˲սףǶԪǶԶǷġ
ֻõһ֡Ҷεǿ
ֻһ֣ҲѾǳˣϽһȥ۰ڳ˳ߵϣһۼԪǵԴǻ̴¯㾡ʮأԪǵ˶ˣ
ǣҲû취ڽ׵ʮذҶüǿʮأħǾͻᷢԪǵĽˡ
רˣһнǣԪܹνԪǻ껹һЩֶεģ㲻صģ۴һӣ˵
һţһѸٵسԪǷӡ
ܿأ۵㴫ԪǣǵͥǸսҪеԴۼеǻ̴¯ȻҶ
ȻһЩ˵ĲǸսԣԪǱϾžԵȨǾ飬Ҳö˵ʲô
Ҷڰͬ£ʼޣÿһʱʥҶһˣ̨̽籺С졣
ʮ֮һ¥ٶȳԪǵϿա
ˣüɫЩ̫ãЩǵ˻겻ɢϴǸ۵ӡʵ̫ˡ
¥֮ͣӰӴϷͷȻǸԲ
ٴԪкιɣ۴ȥ˵
۲գ˵ȻԪǲԸΪǵǣҲûϵͬһԱػǻĿͬģȻѣֺϴ΢Цһ⣬ԪǱħˣȫĿǿ֣ܲⲢ⣬𣿡
⣿΢΢üֱε⡣
ҵ֮һ⣬ǿԳۺܶණԪǣֻҪҪģջԵ˵
¥𣿡üʵ
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۵ԪǣˣҪԪ޷繵ͨһ㣬֮ĶԪǣȻ׬ȡۣ
ԪƺһЩôģ
Ȼ֪ᵼԪǵĲƸԪӵٶĲƸ޷תսĻһжûʲôãջǻᱻħռ졣
ܹһЩҶʵʮأص¥ıأƸһΣ
ãϣԪʱֹܹƽԸԭ򣡡۵ϵصȻһԪڵľƣʵڲʺϸǾѡ
ǵȻЦشӦȴһ˿֮ɫ
Ȼص¥ϡ
мЦһһȺûʶУǸûʶӰħϽļֵǰǳ֮ʯǳĺǳǣǿ϶ΪԼ׬أ
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ĵĺһǳ֮ʯܹһӰҪ׬ʮһǧӰǶΪԼ׬ˣЦŪ˵ںϹһЩҩе֮Ķһʮļ۸ۡԼ׵ʱһ˰ħ𣡡
ԪǱ䲻ոܱ߼ιǵĻޣħޣۻ˴ӰħϽ𣬲Ƹ൱ˣ֮Ķȴ٣Ǻܲȼ۵ġ
ǰѵǳ֮ʯ֮ĶԪǷǳ׬ģ
ҪҪȥɱιǵħޣһĦȭƵص
أǶСǮڰֵЩħ޾ո˲Ŷ٣Ҫ֪ԪЩÿ춼ڲϵո˾꣬ôĲĲƸ
Ҫ׬ǮǵսʻиšŮܹһЩ˲Ը⳯ϦԪǣҲԷֲһЩԪǵ쵼Ȩ۵յЦ
ĻǰһԭļƻӢԪǸǵʲô
ܿأʼʵʩļƻˣһȳ۴ǳ֮ʯ
һ¥˷ǳǳ֮ʯǬװ˼ǧ֣Ԫϣǳ֮ʯһֱǷǳȱĶ
Ȼѽһǳ˲ǳ֮ʯȻ޷Ԫ½󡣾ôģԪǵǳ֮ʯʣ޼ˡ
ĵһǳ֮ʯʼʱ˵սųӰħϽ
ǳ֮ʯӦȫۣǳ֮ʯļ۸һ̧̧
һǳ֮ʯ֮˵ȫǾƷʮƷĵ۸ȻǷǳģЩƷʵĵԪ˵ʵ̫ϡȱˣսһַ
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ʮ֮ǵ¥ٴԪǣ˸Ķǳĺǳ֮ĸ߶Ʒ
ԪǶӰħϽ𲻶ŸСԪ硢Ԫսʽ綼
֮⣬ƿۣһһݷԼҶ֮սʡ
սʵ
ףЩĶЩĵض۵һЩ֪£Ԫǵļλо󲿷սʣôȥԪҪˡ
ţѾ֪ˡüͷ̾ϢһԪ⻼ħ߸ַڱʩչһЩֶΣܻء
Ȼ֪ȥãҲûʲôð취ܲܰߣ˫϶Ὺսˡ
ԪǸǾŸħĶƺҲʼƵʱɳȺūɧԪǡ
Ҷڱչؾ֮УԪǻûκηӦŲʣҲ²͸ԪǻĴ㣬ԪǻƺѾҪС쳤ԪܹһλǿߣǾͻᰲȫˡ
ΪοǣСĳɳȷʵܿ죬ھѾͨСǻۣΪҲǴﵽ˾˵սأ
ԭ˶ΪСܹʱﵽ񼶾ѾܲˣڿӦܱԤĿϲ٣̨籺Ԫǻÿ춼ڵС죬Сúܿ졣
⣬Сĺ֮飬ѾԽԽˣĺ֮ǵڶ壬ǱħҪǿĴڣ
Ԫǻֳĳźģ԰ԪǻһЩš
ԪǻƳʶԨӦòôױħܡ


730 
սʵһ޴̴¯棬ҶУš
ҩͶ̴¯˵ҶΧЩ̺žȫ͸Ҷڡ
̴¯¶ȼߣҶ屻Ѭͨ죬Ƥϸܵĺ顣
ڵԪǵҶΪ
̴¯֮ҶоΪϵţҩ֮ȫսڣ˾֮С
Ϊ˰ҶۻսʵĴӰħϽ˽ﹺ˺ܶҩȻ֪׬ȥ˺ܶǮҲûۡ
ȻԪǵĲƸڲϵֻҪгһܹóص¥˲һֶЩĲƸͲǾţһëˣ
ʱػ̴¯ԱߣҲڱĿţʱʱ̽һ̴¯֮еҶ
Ҷоյҩ֮ԽԽ࣬ռ䲻ϵţת嶼ڷɱ䡣
Ÿ֮ʱյ֮ҲŨ
ʱյ֮֮ĻӰ죬һ˿Ťʱֻ֮ʱյ֮ʱŤӰ죬ܳΪǿߣ޾С
Ҷ̴¯УĿʱյƵ
ֹ˰࣬Ԫе۷ۼսʵ
Уͷܶ˼ҵš
ףɫЩѿ
ǰܿǵλλҲȻС
ٶսҲһãǰǵͥʻиս죬˶Щ۵˼˷
۴ˣǵλ˵ٶ񼶵ħִƬ򣬲ԪǣǾǲԶܿǣԵĹ֪۴˿ʲôţս׻ǰһʵ
ûСۿ׻һۣƽش
۵ĻشһսǶʱۿˣʮֽꡣ
ѵǾҪŵ𣿡
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ٶ񼶵ħôֿܵˣ
ܶսң͸һɾͷʡ
ϧǵ̫סҲмսɺϧ̾
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Ȼˣ۴ΪβͬԪǳΪǵǣ׻ʴʵ
սǵĿʱȫۼ׻ʵϣսʵһƬף˶Сĵش۵ɫ
üǰ׻ʴûǰ˴˵һȻҵ˿ɽ˺ܶࡣ
׻Ȼе飬뵽ĳŵȻֱͦ˼ֱǰۡ
֪ûи˵ۿ׻ʣЩ˸صսʶҪĵɣǵҲҪÿ껹ҪѡǧŮ͵ȥ֮⣬һЩĸ׻ʾҪͬǵȰ׻ʵŮ͵ȥΣ
ͷµСڣĪҪؿԪ䲻ɣ׻ʻܵսǣ˵ĵҲûʲôǵֻǸӤܱ̣ճɾͶȻǧŮԪ˿ڶڣÿһЩŮôˣ޹ʹѣ
ѵ׻һ㶼ó𣿡ѩվĿؿ׻ʵ
׻ʲмһҪȴ۴ˡ
ǲˣﶼѾ˾ϣܾҪ󲻵һ˵ľҲǻ˵ľǾòǻߣ۲ɵ˵׻βɫȻƽ޲
˴£һ۴˵һЩ׻ȴǲġ
ʲô۵۾Σյظ׻ʡ
ҶҼҶ޲޵£ԪδƾʲôƹԪǵһУսʲŶãʲôʸ񣡡׻ʲ˵
úʸƹԪǣ۵Įʵ
˭ʸ񣬲ʻʣʸö࣡׻˵⽫ʺ˳
ѾԸ˵֮ͥλӣҶҵĹϵһֱ㲻һԵҾҶֵܱҸʸ񣡡
ʴǫˡҶһδɵëӣʲô׻һΪԪ˶飬ûйҲпͣҶսʲŶãͷˣһϣҲ
㻹кβ˵ɣ۲ɫص
۴һʱͻȻҪǸսϽеҩֻ֪Ϊ˰ǸҶΪΪһΪȴҪԪ½ҩ׻ʷ߷߲ƽصĪ۴˾ãԪֻܿҶһȲɣսһҩӵԹص۴˸һĽͣ
һУȫԪǻܱ׻ʣȻûɿڡ
ۻǻˣѾҶСӸƻˣҾôԪѾκһ˿ϣˣ׻ʹļ׵˵
ҪôĿһ˵Ԫ˵һܹϡ
о۵Ŀ⣬׻ʱ͸˿˿⣬ǰͷȻ˵ҪԪǣ
һһɱѸٵ׻ʣԪ㣬ȻҪԪǾͰǻˣ
۵ɱϾҪ쵽׻ϵʱǿϢͻȻ赲סۣ΢΢һ١
תͷؿԱߣѾλվ
Ҿ׻˵еۺǻѾҶƻԪֻܵҲԪǣ˵쾵ۣĵܵĵҲͬվԱߡ
ԪǱȽƵ񣬵λۡۺλʱ䣬˽Ӵࡣ
Ѿıˣŭһղ׻ʽʵʱ쾵ۺͻĵһֱû˵վˡ
ȥɣԸһҪǣǱضһսףǲԸ֣һˣԪǲʲô£쾵ȥѾһ
֮ǶԵǻ𣿡Աߵվŭ쾵ۺͻĵۣεһ˫ŭ⡣
һλνСŮԣԸȴֱˬ𱬣Щ׸ƵСˡ
쾵üΪصۣҪѪˣҵ뿪ǲ۵ΪԪΣˣǾ֪ǵļǶôЦʱǻ֣
㡭ý΢΢ͺǲ쾵ۺͻĵͶŭɶһ֣һشسĻ棬Ѿ׼ˡ


731 ѩ
סְɣ˸־ǿ󲻵ãס˵ɨһ쾵ۺͻĵۣһӣٶȿÿ塣
쾵ۺͻĵֻǰһΣžž죬Ѿ۵İƣ죬һ˿Ѫ
ȻǶ㶵ؿۣҲغصǿߣȻ۵ΪҪǸһﵽʮأǾãҲڵ޻֮ĳ̶ȣղ۳ֺܿ죬ǸӦͰ˰ƣɼ۵ΪлҪ֮߳ܶ࣬һأܿҲѷɫˡ
ԭһֱʵ
ƣǻ˴ģӴԺǾͲԪǵˣԪǲٻӭǣۺ˵
쾵ۡĵ۰һƣ֪Ϊ̫࣬ҲûˣԱЩսǣߣ
쾵ۺͻĵ۴ͷȥ׻ʡʵһ½ظǺ˳ȥ
мսԭЩɣΣҧҧҲˡ
󣬰ڣܹʮսʸ쾵ۺͻĵԪǣ뿪սʵ
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磬Ǿ뿪𣿡ĵЩصԶεջĺ򡢹ƽԭǧĵط
쾵뵽۸ղԼһƣһ˿ݶ֮ɫǻģһ죬ǻ˻֣ᷢǲǶԵģ
˶𣿡΢Цſ쾵ۡĵ۵ʵ
ˡ
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ǵʵԪҪǿܶ࣬񼶵ǿҲʮѣÿһ񣬶һԣһɲСս
һ¥ɵ߿֮󣬡ಡһʧľͷ
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ЩһսսѣԪǼΣʱѡ뿪ػԪǧ֮õǿߣ
ָоϺݺݵһ
˸־κҪ뿪ԪǣҶˣҴǻ˸лǣ۵һһɨսʵеսǣЩصص
۴ˣ
ԪǵļңǾԲ뿪ģ
һսǷ׷˵Ȼ˱ԪǣҲᱳѣҲҪһƬǵϣ
ٶ񼶵ħٹʱͻִԪǣһƬ˵ͷ
۴ˣҪôܰԪǶȹΣѣһսվĿֿؿʵ
ǰҪôܶɹΣѣ
ܰԪ½ȹΣѣҵϧ
۴ҪǸҲȻ۴˸ָ·
۴˷ԸһսǹһƬص
Ԫǣܿλع飬Ҳֻʣ°λˣֵܷסħϮ
ǰЩˣۿ΢죬ܹᵽЩսǵĳ֮ģôأ
ɣ۵ȻΪѵسĬʱ˿̣Ҳ֪ô
ٶ񼶵ħ٣ԪܹһǿߣֵܵסԪǱȻҷ
ʱսʵǰһӰظ֣Ӻݶׯһĸ߹ʣκ˿ľͻƽ񵭡
ǻˣ
ǻˣ
֮󣬲۵һսǶ
ڴ֮ǰȫûмǻ꣬Ȼûмǻ֪꣬ǻʱ޿̶ǣǳɳÿһ˵ĸһ
ÿһ˵ĿУǻ궼һĴڣʥࡢ߹ʥĴڡ
ǳħԡѪսΪػǻ꣡
죬ڿǻ꣬Ŀеһ߹󡢴Ⱥͣ
ǶɣǶҵĺӣЩʲôҶǡǻ΢ͣһĸȻһ̾ԪǷ˺ܾãľҲдһֱûѡһԪΣ
ǻˣӦôһսվеʵ
սȫеؿǻ꣬ǻԸʲôǶԥȥ
ٶ񼶵ħҲ²ħӦûбľٶԪǻ껷սʵеһǿߣȻ̾ʵڰǰԪƬ֮һǻԪ֮ǰֻǺܶණѾˡ
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ǶôԶ
ʱԪôģ
һսֻ֪ԪλԪ֮ǰ飬ȫ֪ûκιż
ĪôԶǰԪϾѾкܶǿ
Ǹľ󲿷ֶѾʷУҲǼǻһЩӦܹǻЩħЩϢħ֪ܻܿħע⣬ԪǵĴΣգԪǻº͵˵һִ͸ĵ
ܹǻħʲô
ǰһȼϣ
Ԫǻһӣֻ֮гһĻĻӰ
һĻӰһƬص׵Ĺżһ޴ĵرͨýɣʮָӣһĹһЩŹֵĽռзԲǧ׵ӣΪ
ǰǰµģԭڵͥǸλãҳ˵ص֮УһЩܹõ԰ǿЩ񼶵ħԪǻǳΣգܿȥ޻ء
ڶĻӰһеİǶͨ覣һƬƬ·̶ɣžµ⣬ȵ֮УһƬԵø
ѩѾ˰֮ãֻǳһƬ꣬Ҳͳһǿߡ״½һɽϿȣȻﲼһЩ󷨣ǾŸħ޷̽鵽ڣǺǲʲôѾƿԪǣƬ
ĻӰһž޴壬ǿͨڣضΣա
ҪЩħҲȥ￴һīǣҲĴΣյ֮һȻԪ½нͨǾҲ׽룬ΣķΪΣաǾ֪īϻһЩԶż
ǰıݡѩصīǣ
īǾԪǷǳңԶͷҲҪʮӲܵȥףˡ
ѩԭŸһġݻīǣһֱûиǣΪЩط̫ΣˣȻȥܻ֮ջ񣬵ǱȻкܶԪǻȻһ̾һӣͼֽԱߵһ̨ȥ棬ҰѱݵڲͼīǵĵͼսʵУⳭ¼ɡ
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732 Իô
΢΢ü۶ʵףǻʲô˼Īʱ䣬̽ݻīǣѩеôҪõͱҪǾŸħսʮλڵʱҲκβǾŸħǻܽѩᵽ𣿡
ƵĻĿɨڳսʣǲʲôȻƽ糣صǻаš
Ƹ۸֮ʮĬֹʲôһĪսʵУħڼ鲻ɣ
۴ƵܹȻûбħҲйϵǴԪǴôˣȻ׬ˣʵҲ¶ǵλãӦܸǷֵһЩѹ
죬Щ㶣ǻ֮ĹϵҲǰǢǻ갵Ԫǻ꣬ҪԪǳΪǵǣԪǻҲǰǻһѡ
ԪǻսʵУ˵صĵصױݻңԶīǣӦòΪǰȥ̽ѩӦսʵȻ˵ǵűħ
֪Ԫǻ͸׵ڳﻮʲô׼ԸǾŸһֱڼԪǵħ
ۿսʵеһսǵȥ¼ݵͼûȥоʮ֮ɳۺĵ۴ӣһǰȥصױݣһȥīǣǶѩԪλ޷ԿǾŸħһ˲̽λá
ǣ۴ˣһսǺȻӦǣ׷׳¼˶ݵͼ۸֮ɢȥˡ
뿪ʱţЩɻΪʲô׼̽Σյĵصױݻ翵īǣһǰȥѩ
˭֪ǰصױݺīǻʲôΣգ;пܱЩ񼶵ħۺĵ۳£ٶ񼶵ħԪǾѾ᧿Σˡ
Ԫǵĸ߿֮УһСʱдūû
Сģ澹ǱڿһƬռ䣬ȻøֽܹŸĻһħε
ͷģһйħԭǿߣħ֮󽥽ܻħȻδħ֮ǰ֡
ˣոյõϢԪǻսʵг֣һħ˳ǰ˵ʱػһƬӰ۳壬һֱ仯Īĸо
ŶԪǻ˵ʲô𣿡
Ԫǻ˵ԪǵĵصװһرݣԪһͨͨһīǵĵطﰵһЩµżط֮⣬˵ǿƵһѩǸħЦһ˵ʮ֮ǰرݻī̽ŪرݺīǵĵͼҪҪ·Ϸǣ
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ǵʲôǸħص
رݺīֻǹŪ飬Ƕѩôһ˵üͷƬ̣뵽ôһط״½һطǷǱе㲻Ծһ˿ǻϢǻ겼ĳֽƣ֮Ǹطͱǿһֱٶ꣬ȻһֱûƿǴƣ֪浽Щʲô
ѩǻΪʲôҪ˵ԱǸħɻʵ
ټ棬ټ٣ǻóŪְϷдһʵģΪǻѻڿ˼ʲô˵Ǹطǿٶ꣬ȴʼ޷ĽƣضǲĳЩ
˵ǲ֧ȥīǺصױݡ
ضǵɽ֮ƣ˵۵Ŀģ϶ѩѩЧܹͳǿߣһ۵˵õ
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Ԫǻսʵ֮죬һжƽʲô鶼ûз
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۾ۼҩ˷ѣȫҶͻƣտʼЩҩҩȫҶ˾֮У޷ӦʱƣЩҩʼش߷˳
ÿת֣ҶоĿ϶֮бʱյ֮
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ʱյ֮뵽ҶڣҶΪҲ˺ܴͻƣʮʱѾսأҾսҲѾԶˡ
Ȼֻսأںʱյ֮עҶھҪͨսǸ߳ܶࡣ
̴¯İ꣬ΪҲǴﵽսؾ磬صھʮβèһĴУ־ָ㣬ԻҲӾͨˡ
԰ڵʵʮսصǿߣҲֻᱻˣת
ԪǻսʵѾȥʮ죬ǰ죬Ѿٻܿǵ۵λ
һ죬۴Ҷǻжսʵ²ȫ
ʲôжʲôܰæģ۴˾ܷԸҶɫ
Ԫųǡ
ͬķȥУ񼶵Ϣ
һ£ۡ۵ȼλ񶼻ԪǺͼǳ棬⼸еķʮι̣ԽɱǿߵĽǾŸħһֱҴģϮԪǡ
еСϡ
Ÿħڹ۲Ԫǵ
жˣˣ񣡡
һһСϷѣ۵ĻԲӦ䣬ǵҪʲôһҪע״½ǱߣЩ񼶵ǿߣһƬִ̱ܵĿĵأԹżĵصȴš
˿̣״½һĻɽϿ֮УϿϿյĽƻشˡ
һȵӰĳмƣķ飬ǸʮĸˣԪǼλ֮һʮβèһۡ
Ϊж˰λȥܿǵ˻
һȺ˶֪һЦһӣڻɽϿȵϿղ˴ƬĻ㣬ʯľȵѸٵطγһ޴ķ
Ϊ÷ǿ۲ϧڷвټʮƷ
õģʮβèһǿľԻô
ƬɽԪΪյɱ֮أﲼþԻôֹܹ
۵Ĳ£ƬԻôܿγˡ
Իô̧ͷһۣһЦӰһתಡһʧ١
Զ֮УԪųǳۡҶ˽ԶУʵвų֮߸


733 ɽ
۴ˣ˵ħǻ᲻ϵҶʵ
Ҳ֪һ˵һӣʩչʧ֮УҲҲһ˿ټ

һȺûһƬ۳һ΢Сռ֮У޷׷ٵǵڡ
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üͷʱ̹עԪǵĶ˵ǰīǺ͵صױݵȻʧˣЦһ˵ǰīǺ͵صױݣȻǹŪ飡
ǲ֪ǽЩʲôĵصȴš
СʱһСʱ
еƣΪʲôԪǱûκζ״½Ҳûʲô
ͻȻ֮䣬ʶе㲻ԡ
ƭˣȻӦ˹״½ɽϿѸٵɨ˹
ɽϿƽ糣ƺûκα仯ǹϲһ˿͸͵ϮǺսʱõַһƬɽϿȵı沼һ
֮֮𣿡һһƾǲ˹ȥ
ءһ죬ƬɽϿΧĻѸٵƿˣ¶·ʵĳ
ֻΧڻɽڴԪǵİλڣͨҽ֮Уһ׵ѩŭšѩһ㣬žӨĹâۼ
ѩдһüͷ֮ǰȻ²ѩֶҲԪǻʲϹû뵽еؿѩ
ѩֶȻ۵ָ֣֮ٸ
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˻ţֻһħϳ߸񼶵ħӰ״½ƬϿ
ֻ˵ڹһ˸񼶵ħͬʱ״½ƬɽϿ֮У׼ѩƬ֮䣬Χ䣬ΧڻɽڵļٸѾʧǻɽ棬ûʲôѩ
ղŵһУֻǻѣ
Ԫǻĸ֮£µƬþ˵񼶵ħģҲδܹ׿ơ
û뵽ԼѾǳСĽȻǱƭˣ
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Ԫֻʣ°˸ǾŸħʵԶ۵ˣҰⷢս۵˶ȻǵĶ֣ǲŻ޿֡
˻þУûлңܿ侲ܡ
ɱ֮زõľԻô仹ԪǻϢǣΣЦһԻôҲֻܽסʱ䣬ܶԸǣ
Щ벻ף۵˴ĻǣʲôͼϹ˾ԻôҲ塣
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ڹȣ˸׺֮ɫһѾ޵ӭ۳ȥ
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۵ѹ£ڽڰˡ
Ԫ֮ףʵԶͨնħһȻ۵Ķ֡
ۡĵλԱ߲˽ƣֹܡ
С帽սңֶԸȣǷɱ¾һھūūǵĲҽ쳹ƬգɫѪҺٲһ£ū֫ҷɡ
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Χ֮£һǿޱȵۣȺܿˣۼȥŭһ䡱һԱۺĵһЩˡ
ڹԱĵѣ¶һһƤڹȵԱ֮£۾ȻȻ£һƣеĲлһƺ
ɱһ񼶵ħ׬ˣԱߵĵˬһЦ
΢΢ףĿ˲ԶǸ޴СϣС汻ڿˣһЩã͸¥һԽʱմȻ¥ֲںܶ࣬¥Ҫ΢һ㡣
ۡҶ˶ѾС壬ѾСƿأС建سԪǷʻȥ
ѩīżرݣֻһ֣ĿΪС壬С壬ٿԸչһЩϵһֱԪǡ
ϵҲҵһЩ֣
״½ǴɽϿ֮Уƿ˾Իô󣬰˸Ӱ𣬵ǿԶһУĿѣǵĻأСѾ۵˸ˣ
ܹӵС壬ѾǰĵطˣֻʣһԪǣȴǱ۵˸ˣ
ҪǿСʱǿСѾͣԪԱߣ۵ҲԪУѾ߶׼һսˡ
ǿгУĿ϶ǣ
ۣԪǻ꣬ЩСˣҳԪǴԪҵһΣԪǻ֣۵һЩСƭǵ۾
û뵽ԪǻȻ˽ƻһ־Ͱƭôҡ
ؼ״½Ǹɱ֮أǻ꣬ǻսʵ˵ѩǲŻΪ档
ɱ֮زõľԻôҲȫƭǵ۾
뵽˷۱üֱҪѪ
ڻ۵ļıôϵأԣΪԪǻ˵ѩջ̫ˣ


734 ǰ
ܹڳν۵ʼû߳Ԫǡ
۵ʵ޼ȻɱħһҲֻԪǵľǿƽѣȫ濪ս˫˭˭Ӯһ⡣
ȻħС壬˵
ħС壬Ǿкܶˣ
Ԫǡ
ħСϡ
Ҷ磬ʲôһĵطҵһŲ֪ʲôɵͼֽ沼˰߰ߵ㣬ԼӵգգۿҶʵ
ҶĿͼֽɨоƬ̣۾һһͼ
ָһλõǵԪǣԱܿǣЩӵǻӵĴͷ󣡡
ҶĻ۵˵ĿҲͼϡ
ЩɫʲôЩɫִʲôɻʵͼϱעһЩţһƬɫأ
۵ʱһ޵Ӱ˾ҶͰ겻ԶԪǻꡣ
Ƭɫ򣬴ѪɫɫĴɫĴħͬԽսΪңԪǻº͵ؽ͵
˶Щ棬ԭУ
ΪʲôܿͨһЩ壬ԺɫעҶʵȻͨЩӦŶԡ
ЩѾˡԪǻЩȻ˵
ħռˣǵøϽ֪ͨܿϵˣҪ޸ǰЩĴͨˣ
ҶͼϿȥܿΪƬתվͨʮ壬Щͨϰٸ壬ԭӦǴƬɫȴȫˡ
ֻһͣǾЩӵǻ壬Ѿħռˡ
ЩϣڼǧڼƵ飬һжˣħռһ֮ΪĻһΪǿģᱻħ֣ΪǷ
ɫ򼴽ӵԪˡ
ҶвһǿҵĽȸУҪػļˣˣԪѾǳȫˡ
Ǵ뿪Ԫǣ뿪֮ȥģãã֮У֮
Ǩ壬֣Ҷмֲм
ȻѾԪǾΨػͿ̿ĳ棬ԲҶԸ⿴ġ
С壬ǿԳǰƬ򡣡ԪǻһӣָһƬɫĴˣȽ϶ԣԪҪȫһЩ
ԪǻȻû˵ѾǱһЩ˼ҶˣҪ뿪ĻƬǰȫġ
ħСдûʲôģҪ뿪򣬿ܾͱȽˣ֮ĵشأҲóȻ롣Ԫǻ
뿪Ԫǣܶ㵽㵽ȥܹ黹Ҫħһսġ
ҶѾ¶˾ģĿǰħûô£Ҷʱ뿪Ԫǣ
뵽ص¥һ֮սףǼʮ޵Ϣǲûлᣡ
Ҫô뵽ǿԪ򣿡ҶԪǻʵΪ֮ƣҪǿԪǵʵıҶˣǻ֮ҲǺ϶ҪҵһЩɿ˲У˳û١
ԪǻؿһҶҶ׼뿪Ԫ
طһСԪǻָһкܶ屻ˣһЩʧȥ˼԰߻ںгûԻǮӶǡҪӶҪķǳĽǮͨеĻǳ֮ʯǳĺǳ裬βӰħϽȻӵкܶӰħϽ𣬵˺ܶ࡭
ЩԣԹӶܶ԰Ԫǲһԣ壬Ƿǳˣܹ͵õ
ԪֵǮģӦþҶͷӵеЩʥˣֻʥֶǶȻóģܻܿһЩ˵ע⣬ԪǴѡ
У
Ҷüͷ֪ôġ
Ҫϵ˲ǰｻ׸Ʒ;ΣգܻܿħԪǻ
ȥ˺УЩʲôأԪʲôܹЩǿԪǵʵ
˶һԳòƳʥԪʲôûʣˣʥⶫضĻóȥף
ȥɡһԵ˵ôҲҪȥ֪
Ȼ󣬻ʩչı±Ƚϴһκβ
ϧսʲȥĻҶ϶Ҳȥ
Ҳ֪ǸôˣȹȥɣԪǻ˵
֪Ԫǻ۳СǰĵĺУҲû˵ʲô
Ҷе㲻̫ۺ֮Ĺϵ֮ƺôһЩȴһֱûһ۵Ӻ͹ˣֻһơ
ǰĺУΣǿ϶ģԶزҲпܡ
ʲôҲû˵
ǵһ֮У̫
۴˴ӰħϽԪһЩҪĵ鱦С塣
С忪ռ䴩󣬡ಡһʧԪǵϿա
ԪĹ˿С忪ռ䴩뿪һۺˣǸţǵĶȴˣҶԷõûͦ˳ֵӡ
ȻȴʲôԪǣȫܣС壿ҲܣС忪ռ䴩֮ٶȸܹϵġ
ʱֻԪ½ҵطţͬʱҲҪʱ۵͵ϮǸơ
ԪУ֮ǰһս֮ڻָƽ۵˸һǣۡĵۡλٴǰܿǡ
ԪʵԱЩѣԪǻȻҪǰܿǣ۵ȻֹԪǻȻִˣҲûʲô취
λȥ֮⣬Ԫǻ껹ǨһЩࡢ޺޹ȥ
Ԫǻ۵˶Щѽ⣬룬ܿǻǻһȽĴڣԪǻ겻ΣҲҪܿǻꡣ
Ԫǻܿǻ໥֣ݺ۵ҲеĵҲû̫ҵطԡ
սʵҶ۵̴¯֮ǱרΪ̴¯ҩϵع䵽Ҷڡ
ۻ۹ҩ֮⣬Ҷʣǰöû˻ʥ
̴¯ԱߣרĵţԻñһƽ״ĹâкҫڰϣϾնһ˿ʥϢ˲¡
ҶܿǵһҲˣʥҶ̨С죬һں
ԪǴΣվУжһǿҵĽȸУҪΪӦϾҪΣ


735 ˻öʥ
Ҷʱ۲ʱ۲ҶĽչ
ɶֳɶֵҩ㵹̴¯棬̴¯˵̺Ị̇Ҷܡ
Ԫ½еҩҶһˡ
۲̴֪¯˰öʥϵ̴¯ͶҩҪҶΪʱڶѵսʮأܲ˳ͻƵ񼶣ǾͿҶ츳ˡ
ʱһһعȥҩɶѳɶѵĵҶΪֻͣսأ׷ǳͼѰ
ôҩȥټ̴¯ã츳ƽƽսһսʮӦûûʲôġ
ǰ̨籣ѾսʮѾڳ񾳽ˡ
Ҷ·޵׶һ㣬˾ҩ֮ΪֻսضѣҪܿҪʮҩ
Ԫ½ڸҲôҩǵһҩǵʱԪ½Ƿڻһ⡣
Ҳˣ˳СǰĺеۣҶѾԪΨһϣˣֻܱһ˿ãϣȴҶͻơ
Ҷ֪۴˿̵飬ֻרĵţҩǰöʥ
֮ҶʣµǰöʥҲںϽڡ
ʥҩ͸Ҷľ֮С
˵ֻҪ˻һöʥԳɾʥ壡
ǰöʥҩ͸Ҷľ֮к󣬾ʯһ㣬ûһ㲨
еľһתţƺûκα仯
̴¯еҶһüͷô£˵˻˰öʥҩӦǳŶԡ
ҶɻʱһɹҩȻԵӿͬһ㣬ӿ˾֮ڣǲ׳
˻Ҫһ㡣
Ҷ֮ǰ˻İöʥûȫӳ˵֮УҶ˻ʣ°öʥ֮ʥȫ˳
ﵽŰʥҩ·ҪҶűһ㡣
ʥҩʵǰԵ
֮ǰ۵ҩ̴¯棬Щҩ֮󣬲ûķӦһöʥ̺ĿֲҩٲȻҩܺͣ
ľ浮֮ڵʥ֮пܽһι
ҶΪÿһأѶȱһҪߵöࡣľǾһ޴ע޷
ôҩȥ֮ţ뺣һ죬ֱҶöʥҩ֮󣬵ڿʼзӦˡ
һɹҩ󽭱ӿ֫ȻֻתѭϵظҶʣʥ
ҶĸѨλһСһ㣬ϵؽҩɽȥ䵽ÿһ缡֮С
ÿһϸʥҩϴһ飬ýྻ£Ө͸
УҶ嶼õ˾巺һԴͭƽĹ
ųڵ֮ʥ͵ҩûͣЪǼҶںֱײϵسӯÿһÿһ缡ÿһϸ֮У
Ҷž죬ȫµĸı䣬ܶȲϵǿǿޱȡ
Ҷоҩʱһ뵽˱֮У˯еʨүˡ
ǳӿҩȥҶľǻеʨүմ
ʨү˲ʥҩ֮ҶΪģһϻѸٵӿ
һҶϱһǿϢϻ֡
ʨүĽֻսʼΪʲôϻƺʥϵһ
ĪǣʨүѪͳЩ⣿
Ҷзɿӹһ뷨һУƺǸйء
ص¥ܹص¥ķɵӡӡ͸ӡҶ΢ü֮϶һЩѰζϵ
Ǹ߻һ壬ӡʨүôһֻޣ϶һЩԭġ
ϻ˿֮£ҶΪͻƣ䡱һսؽ׵սأ
ϵǿ
Ȼϵļûرı仯Ҷо֮䶼̺һֱԵ
ʥѾҶһɱ䡣
ҶԼ˫ۣ淺һֵĹͭɫһּ᲻ɴݵĸоһȭӳȭдźХƿ̴֮¯һ
ǿ
Ǵ˵еʥ
սʵУ˫ۣ¶Щ֮ɫо̴¯ǱߺȻһǿϢѸٵسɨ˹
ɨҶ壬һЩɻ
ҶΪչ̫ˣķôҩŸոս׵սأ۲ǣҶ͸Ϣ֮սʮѷɫ
ҶϵϢЩŹ֣ǿ·ԻĹŵϢʥϵϢơ
ۺȻʲôҶܿǱߣܵܿǻӦõһöʥʥˡ
ܵҶǿϢһһö˻һֵʥϿ֮
˻ʥĿԵõǿޱȵʥ𡭡۵ૣĿ䣬ܹõ˵еʥ壬˵Ԫ˵У
ۡۡ˴ܿǴöʥ뿪Ԫ֮ǰ۰õöʥۡ
öʥǹŰϣһĨ˼֮ɫȻ뿪ʱʲôû˵ʵĻǱǣ
Ҳʼ˻ʥ
ʱ̴¯еҶüͷȻǿǿ˵ǿƥʥȣƺǷȱһЩ
Ҫ֪ǿǿƵһôɣ
ںһöʥ
ʱһǿҵĿдӿ˳Ǽ˺ܾһ㣬Ҫҩ
Ҷһ㣬ϵ̴¯ҩ
̴¯ЩҩѸٵرҶմ
Щҩ޷ҶȻһֿ֮С
ҶһͷҪʥУ
һҶ𻤱ȡһöʥöʥ̴¯
Ƭ֮ʥɵҩһӿҶڡ
Ϊﵽս֮Ҷĵ֮ǰһöʥҩſ֮󣬱ţ뺣޷Ӧ
ڵľǲϵ󣬾һ޷޵׶һ㡣
ǲ
Ҷһ£ٶóһöʥ
ööö
ֱöʥ֮ҶڸоеľǲһЩ仯ϵȵӣǲϵؽ·ӵһǻۡǾǵļ϶֮УγһƬƬСǴص¥߲СǴһͬһ㣬Χž
屻СǴУȻʧ
ҶоСǴƺһǿꡣ


736 Ĺ
쳽ʵ̫ˣҶȥ֮ڵĵܻʲôӡ
ĿھеľϵɨǿϵľҶע⣬ֻľϵһ귱ïľظľϵ档
ЩľϵöɵľУôľ״ľƺмơ
Ÿϵ̬в̺ͬ˲
СǴγɣҶΪٶͻƣﵽսʰء
öʥֻΪսʰأĽҪǱ֪϶ᴷض㣬Ҫ֪һöʥҩһϵǿߣҶĽδҲ̫ˡ
Щڲͬǣֻͨ˻һöʥ˻öʥܻܿᱬöʥˡ
öʥҩںҶľ֮ڣҩ½ӳ
ûȷöʥȫ֮ǰҶټô˻ʥˣöʥҩѾˣһһΣյ顣
Ҷ׼ȷȫٳոʥ
öʥҩ֮ҶоʵǷǳԵģͶ֮䶼̺һֲֿһƺȭֻ²ѷɫͨһصǿߡ
ʥЧãȻǷ
ٹЩʱգõһЩʥ϶ܹ񾳽ˡ
ﵽʮأܵص¥һս׺ͱֻһС֣ҲӦܹԪ
ԪǴƽУǰ˸񼶵ħϳˣ쵼ľūҲɱʮа˾ţֻܻ켣ڶꡢϻĺ½Ѱҷ˵Ļᡣ
Ϊ˷ֹǰ˸ħ͸Ԫ½Ѿȫرˡ
ǰ˸񼶵ħ½͵Ϯ˼ԪǣۻˣԴӿʼ˻ʥʵǿѹ˹һͷټԪǸĽۿ˵С
ǰ˸񼶵ħģǵĻʱɨԪǣѰԪǵʱ׼ˡ
Ԫǵˣֶֻؿޣڴħ֮ǰܵԼʵ
֮ԪǾôģ˭Ҳ˵
ǵĿ⿴ʥǵķʱЩϣͼУΪǵ
С콥󣬳֮Ѿҡҡλε·ˣߵĺ֮Ҳɳ÷ǳ졣
ԪǵսʺǣС쵱ԼĺһһսǰǵסȫᵽʥǸǣʱɨʥǡ
ΪȷСİȫÿʱÿ̶עС졣
ϦѪ
սʵ۵ɨʥǣ¶Щ΢Ц
Ϧ£С졢ĺ֮黹СϦ±ܵĻ棬̫ˡûսԪԶǸöã
һֱǻȥħǣԪ˼ǡ
ħɱΪػõһС
պǹ֮Уһž޴Сƾճ֣ԪϿջ½
۵һǷ׷׽ͶעСϡ
Ǹо۵
ۻˣ
ۣһǶ¶˷ܵɫ
۽üͷչǰȥĺУȻʲôҲû˵ĵﻹǷǳĵģ۰ȫһ̣ŵŷ
С建ԪǵϿգһ绪Ů˴С߳ؽٵԪǡ
ۣһͬʮβèһ塣
˵ۼϡ
ѩ̣ôʲôջ𣿡۵սʵд
еսǶڴؿۡ
˿̣۵ȴǷǳįҡҡͷɬҵִĵĺУȷʵޱȷһЩսסҲԹӶսʡ񼶵ǿߣһЩǿĴڣĳЩڶ壬ԪǵĲƸԹӶǿߣҪԴԿȺǿնħ̫ˣ
ȷʵޱȣпĶҪǱ򵽶븶㹻ĽǮ
۵Ļ۵üͷ壬Ԫȷʵ̫ƶˡ
̾ϢҪĻһöʥԪǰ״ʥֶó׺ܻܿԪǴ֮֡
ۼͼȣҲħвǸϾ֣嶼ս֮С
޷ԮԪǣԸԮģֱĵġ
ԭϣܴһЩϢϣӦô죿
˵ܶǿ߶һƬĹĵطðգܴһսõͿԻôǮ˵ԼһϢ
Ĺһüͷ
ĹһƬԶսǷǳΣգ۽͵
˿̴̣¯ҶҲۺ۵ĶԻ
ҶᵽĹĺӰ֮Ǳ˴Ĺдġ
ĹıԵشԶʱĴսǻһս֮У廯˳Ƭǣﻹдħṳ̂Ľ
Ƭ֮ڣıһЩǿ߻ðѰ
۽üͷڵʵһٶ񼶵ħԽǿնԪǱ㽫֣֮ðսĹһλᣬԪϻа˸񼶵ħһԻһǰĹԪǾΣˡ
ĹԺ˵
ĹһʲôĵطҶ˼ţɨһ𻤱ĺӰ֮
۹;һһ˵˳һǱϾṳ̂ԪǣԪѾʧȥϵܶˣǶеȫ˽⣬渵оȻʡ
ֻҲûߡ
˵ǣǾԪǻ൱ԶģǵʵԼƸܱ֮УŵǰУҲΪǿġ
Ϊ˶ԿħλˣÿͻᵽһǵĵطۻһΡ۵ⶼӺ̽Ϣ
ľۻ᣿
ʷϼأһ뿪ԪǾΪ˸ϸǵľۻᣬ;Ԫǣѽǳ˺֮󣬱Ҳûл
뵽һǲ¶˸еɫԪǶȻû˹
ĵף۵СԺлμۻᣬҲҪСĽźã
ݵ͸¶һЩϢħϣ˵ĳЩС˵İ㣬ΪʱԪǷǳǿƬ֮һ
ʱǰ˸񼶵ħɨԪǣȻѾ˹С塣
һϿ棬ܱѾۼٸħˡ


737 С
ˣǸ۰ǵСˣҪҪСһħʵ
˫ĿѪ죬ʧСȷʵΪŭ
Ԫǵĵ̣ܱ߲˽һ߶ǵʵǶֻ֣̣صеɱѴ
ѵǾôؿţ
аţкâ˸θ۽֣֪ǸˣôױǷѾһЩ뷨ôˣ
ǹѺҪԾѾǵˣ
ܺãסˣдã¶һ˿Ц˵Ҷ峤ҶǳˣĸףԪʵȨ֮һ
Ԫǣ۵Ĺ˲ѶϢ۵˶ܱߵһŵ˽⡣
Ĺĵĺ֮⣬һڤǵĵطҲ۵˵ע⡣
ڤһȺǿ߽ģһŻߵϣǿ崦ħѪɫܵĵش˽ﶼҪһСڤǿ߹Ǹڤʮأ˵˶ԸǣĺһԽ׸Ʒﻹһ޴ľھнǶɱÿ춼вսߵʬ屻ǿ֮С
嫵棬ǿ֪ǸڤһʲôˣȻ˶Ĵɵ
۵ĻʼҶĶߣҶ̴¯棬ͣתžǣףشԪǵܿܿҶ˵ˣȫǣϵһ˵ϡ
С죬СѾԪǵΪ˸ոճĺӣҶҲԸ׵ط
Ҷɨ̴¯Աߵİ꣬Ҳ΢ţһ˵Ķģ뵽ˋY̨类飬ΪЩһͬĺ֪ҶҲһҪػסԪǣ
һҹʱܿ͹ȥˣ˵ڶ峿ԪǵϿգһҾ޴¥ƾճ֣
ԪǵһǶ¶ŭɫ¥֮ǰֹεǵ¥
ϴ¥Ԫʮλսʣѵû㣬һȥˣ
۸о¥˵Ϣ
һԪǣкιɣĪǻԪǵõʲô۵̺ŭͬһ㡣
ˣǲûҪԪǵõʲôǰ˫ĽףԸĲ𣿾쾵ۺͻĵ۶ˣҲԸǵģƬ֮¥ϴԴֵ
ŭһ
սⷬ޳ܵĻΪޣ޵ľ侮ʯСˡ֮ǰ쾵ۡĵۺʮսʵıѣǸоз֮ʹ
ۣһԪǣҪԪǵõʲôΪǵСҪԪǿᵽǵСʱԴ˼ֹά
¥ļװϣһӰ°׿Ȼɫĳȹ趯ڷ졣
ķ飬ǰ˫ΰѩӨӴż信峺˸Ź°ɫͶ䣬޲Ÿ߹ϵһѩĳΪ
Ķǵ˲ͬȻҲԪǵһЩȴʮͻأԲԲĴԴߣžݻװΡ
˵ĿҪħ𣿡Ůӿ˵ָ߰Դʱ۵˴Ϊջ
ЩǵˣԪһַĵĿ
ǸŮӵǹһ˿ķ̣ɨԪǡ
СŮ߸ӣȴֻһŮ磬ƬǿĿһеԸ
һƶ壬ȫûñȣһۡ
ʵǿ壬嶼޷ᲢۣССļԪˡ
оɨüëһȻһǿߣոսûõӡ
а˸񼶵ħ϶Щ˾Ȼ޿κΣûáЦһ
˵ʱ򣬺ܻ䣬Ԫһ̶
۵ǿѹеŭôԪǲǿˡ
̴¯棬Ҷ֮ⷬȭͷҲÿֱ죬ԪǵʵȷʵûҲҪ˳
¸أԪǵ˶ǵСҲĽѾãǵСһһλ߹šǵŮҶսʵ
ҶĻֵɫԪ㻹ôʶˡ
ûһᣬҶ˵İ˭ΪλôһһŮԪǣ
ҶĻɫ˲ѩ񳤽ѾͲסˣ˾Ȼ
󵨣ȻǵСŭһϢսʵѹ˹ȥ
Ϣոѹȶ£ͱ۳ֵסΡ
ѵλǵСҶǸշӦһдżֲ죬ЦһµƭҵİɣжСĽýǰİšһŮ˴ʵƻСõôǵС
ɫ࣬ѩ񳤽ֲͣزֱ챻ˣ˾Ȼİšһǿ˺ü飡ǹģ
Ҷ꣬ԪǵһǱڶﶼЦˣôΪΪϵԳݣԸƽϣԪǵлΪޣҶǰǳһڶ
֮ǰ۽ԪǵȨȫиҶʱжǣڿȨиҶƺҲ
ͳҪɱ㣡ҧгݵŭһԷ۰׵Ķͨ죬ˢһѩ񳤽ָսʵһɾȻɱӶ
ȴҶʱڷӦһ㣬ЩȻѯλǵСɣ
ҶĻҶŭһȻǵС
ȻǵС˼ղǸᣬ֪λǵСôСšأҶǸȻ˵
㣬㡭ֳѩ񳤽ֱ
֪ǵС˰šҲһᣬԭҵ֪ҶһһţһһаֵǸ˼
ɱɱЪ˹ؽѾȫû̬ˣָűźʹС󣬺ҶĻһѰѵӴ


738 
Ŀɭؿսʵ
۴ˣСҪɱҶҶݹǲԪ췭ظ͸ǿҵɱкâ˸
ֻһδҲ̫ԵˣҶѾǸˣǻĪ浱Ԫǿ۲ɣͱˣԪΨһս
ǸҶ˵ǵǸ
ܹ꣬Ҳѣκβ۵ˡ
ڻȥѹԪǣǸˣƬһҶ֮˭Ҳ˭Ԫǳֻ֣˿࣬ʱӰ
һͣԪϿյС壬Ԫǵ˾ȻħС壬Ѿȥˣ޿֣
۴֮۵Ѿ֪ƬĿǰľƣǻ֮˵Ĺϵɱģ;ֻܳԪǣ۵˶ǲû̫ļɵ
Աߵˣ黹˰ɣκβǣǹǰ񣬸ַҲã
öǺ죬ɫΪѿĳ裬Էˣȴκβ˶ԷҪеί֪
ȻصǣһҪ븸׳֣˺ĳ죡ޱȷŭѩ񳤽ָսʵСֳһսҪɱ㣡
̴¯ҶĻһЦȥûôأ˱ɵӮҲռκαˣ϶״»ⱾҶôɣ
ˣղŶһᣬϵǸҲİšһжҵĴھ˰ɣвŮҪһ˵˵ǧ壬ǸǺãҶЦصȻˡ
ζ챻ըˣҶҶҳһսԻὫҶʬΣƫƫҶŲ˵ʲôвŮ˵úҶһӮһ
ҶһսʣѾһǿˣ
꼸ҪѪ
ԪǵһǾмֺЦĿ˵ŮˣʵڲôϲҶôģҲùˡ
һͷŭĸϻؽţϵҶ
ƾҶᣬרҶԼĶ֣жʵӿһøԸˣһͷײ
ҶĿ˻ʥҩתڵȻоǸһЩʨүһЩƬ֮һǿӿ˳
纣Хһ㣬ϯһС
һϻҶܡᡱһȼ̺ԶźĵϢ
˯еʨүˣ
ǹͣҶڼŵеľǡ
ô£ʨүôȻôǿˣҶоﲻѣоԶսʾܹﵽļޣǷ񼶵
ңڲϵǿ
ĪʥЧΪ˻ʥʱҶԺԵظоʥҩ֮Уʨүˡʨүʥҩ֮ͻˣ

һͳʨ̴¯Ҳ
ҶСӣʨүιʲôʮȫҩʨүھ棬һֻСĸʨҲû⣡ʨүϤҶԺ
ٴʨүǡСĸʨ۵ҶмָЦ־мС
֮ǰһʱʨүƿҶڳ˯ǰʱ䣬ͻȻоһɹɿֲҩڣЩҩں֮㷢ɱ䡣
öʥûҶ޵ô˵еʥ壬ʨүҶһﵽˣΪҲҶһ񾳽硣
ǿǴ˵еʥ壬ǿ̶ȣʮصǿߣҲ
ʥ·רΪʨү׼һ㣬ʨүʼΪϣʨүǱصѪ
ҶɨڱʨүֻʨүɫĻȼգɢһصĿֲƣʨүǰ۽Ũܵë⣬Եþȡ
ʨүոս񼶣ӵʥ壬緢ڳȵϻ֮С
ʨүϵɫ治ͣ˿ҶҶоԼϵصõøǿ
ʨүϻȻеͬһ㣡
ϻļ֮£ҶΪҲڲϵۿžҪͻƵսʾˡ
ǸСڽʲôеͦģҶСӣ㲻Ӹ˲ҳȥɣʨү˸٩ոմӳ˯ѹʲô֪
ȻˣҶͷߣֻܸʨүһǸԪǵĶԹ˵һ¡
ǵСȥʨүצӣ˶ëЩȲصΪ֮Ҫȭء
ôף»ԪǴ鷳ҶҡҡͷҲǸܲˬԪǻ̫ࡣ
սʵУۺȻоһµ񼶵ϢһĪҶѾˣΪʲôϢôǿһ˿ĹŵζǸոս׵
۵ѸٵɨֽĲҶҶڵϻʨ¶˼ֲ֮ɫ룬ƺʲôӡӡǸӡʥܶλйأ
ʥֶô䵽ǵҪ֪ʥǷǳϡĶ㼸ٸǵĲƸҲδܹһöʥԪˣ
ôŨĻĹϢϻʨӦǵõʥ壡
ϻʨҶĻޣһӵʥ񣬶Ԫ˵شԪ˾Ÿ
۵ɨҶϻʨϻļӳ֮£ҶϵϢѾٲȻѷɫһصˣȻҶΪֻսʰأǿߣӦҲܡ
ǰԪǹʮλҶֻϻʨܹϿȱҲǲ
˺ܾãͣҶҶȴʼûгֻ÷޷޵ػص¥档
ҶŵϢܿ촫ԪǣΪԪǵЦ
ۣԪǣλģһɫԼҵСԱΪ뵽飬ֻ
ԪʲôΪصЩǵˣÿǲ⣬֪ڴʲô⡣
ԭһ¥ȻѾħһС壬ǿǲҪˡûֱ˵˵Сϡ
Ļۻǿȫ֮ԱǣǿѾһС壬ǻԸ¥ǣֱЦòΪСһƭɣ


739 
ǲΪΪ⣬Ҳֻһ˵ˣ˵·Ԫǵʱɨһڵص׵ĸʲôص¥κܰѵص¥͸԰ǶԸٶ񼶵ħ
˵ص¥ӣҲһ֪βٿصص¥
Ǹ֪ص¥ģҪβԼãһʵǿᣬкλ˵
ǿ֮ıСˣȻ˵һмһ˵ӡ
ƲƲ죬ܹص¥Ͷˡ
һ˿֮ɫѾǿ߶˵ص¥ص¥ߣǾû취ص¥ǾĲƸˡ
ϣҲû취óص¥źã
ĻҶһüͷضţʵڲǶô飬ȻҶ޷ٿصص¥Ѿѵص¥Լıˡ
ΪֻҶнص¥˲Կף
ȻҪߵص¥Ǽֱǲĳˣ
Ҫ֪ص¥ĶֱӹϵԪǵ˥
ܹٿصص¥ˡ˰֣һʣԪƺһЩܣеõһŵͼ֪ԪǵĵصһرݣǰǰµģԪǵԸһرĶлõıֳô
Ԫرݣ
Ԫǻ˵˶ΪǲŪħĻ԰ˣû뵽һط
ۺһǲһ㶣Щɡ
۵˳ٳûлӦвصǲԸһ̽رݣһϢɢȥò˶þͻкܶǿʱԪ밲
ҶӦô죿üͷҶʵ
ҶһЦû뵽ԪǵصһطǺðȻлõĶˣΪʲôɣ
ǡЩɣ֪ǻ᲻ͬ⣿һرʲô˲õıأδػسŵʱ򷴶Ԫ벻ľء
ȻҪǺͬԪǵص׵ıأ˵ⱦԭǵģռ˱ˡٵһҪɣҪ뿪أȰǰ˸񼶵ħҶ΢΢һЦ
ҶĻ۾һһн赶ɱˣôȰԪǽǰΣ˵ǰ˸񼶵ħвԪѾܾˣǵٿɶҲܺ޹˼ɵɱ¾Ԫϵࡣ
ǰ˸񼶵ħԺԺ˵
Ҫһ̽Ԫǵص׵رݣԣǿ˵Ԫǻ꣬ǰرݣǣһ۳
ʲôüͷԪкܶܣյĿģҪԪϵбضΪУֻĻˣ֪۵Ҫʲô
̽ر֮ǰЭǻɱǰ˸񼶵ħ֣صص쳹񷣬ȥԶ
ЦԪǸɵǰ˸ħǿЦ
ǰ˸񼶵ħʱвԪǣǵʵǲһЩɵǰ˸ħ׾٣Ǿǲ֣˸񼶵ħвԪǣȥǲ鷳۵Ϊô׾ͻᱻ׾ӵļ
飬Ҫᣡ΢΢رԪǵĵصףԪǻط˽ƣòԪǻͬ⣬޷ġ
¥ԪǵϿͣ죬Ԫ½ǽһЩ֮뿪ˡ
һΣԪû׬ǮΪԪħС壬ʱǰĵĺУ֪˾󲿷Ʒļ۸񣬲ôױ׬߱ˡ
ۺ̸УԪǡ
Ȱ˸񼶵ħܿõϢ¥ԪϿյ飬ô֪ܲۺ̸УҲԼһЩ
ⳡ̸ģվĽǶȣȻͬ۵Ҫ󡣵ʱŴǵǹǱض·һ
ˣӦô죿һйӰħʵ
һʱ䣬һֱڰвãѰҿǱԪ½ͨ׼ֱͻϮʥǡǣʱѾˣ
һǵȴǵֻ·һ
ô죿
޵ҧгݣʱػһſֲһвϣ֪ҪȵʲôʱΣѾüˡ
Ϊ֮ƣֻܸһʤˣ˵
޷ͻƽԪ½ǾֻܴӹԪˣ
Ԫǲ˴ǿĽסǿߣԪǻ൱ΣյġѾѡˣѵҪŵɣ
˰еʣµľūħˣ׼ԪǷһƣ
ĺɫһ׵Ľ׳ӳսʵĳڡ
ˣ˭
֪ϵģ۳ȥҪЩʲô
ǰܿǵϢ׼͸¶κˣ˭й¶ܣնģٳǰһɨһԱսʼ̴ӡ
ǣ۴ˣ
ȥǰܿǵķǰ뷨УʧӰ
½
ѾһƬǻ޳ûѾûκࡢˣֻĿ꣬ϱڲԫ
µԣڶ½ޣɱ¾ܹ⡣
Щûб޳Ե˿̺ܿѾħǿƣħĿˡ
һж֮١
һƬĳУħ˾ۼȰ˸񼶵ħҲС
ˣոյõϢȥܿǣһħ˳ػ㱨
ȥܿʲôһüͷǰܿĪʲô£
ˣÿԽԪǣۻǾûˣԱ߹Ӱ˵
ôʱͻȻ뿪ԪǰܿǣЩԣɣһ塣
ǰܿǣܿܿǻȡ磬Ϊ˸̸е飡Ӱһ˵
ܣ˵ͷ
뿪ԪǣǽԪõʱɾû´ˣ粫һѣ
֪пһ壬ǾƴһѣΪһǵһƴĻᶼûˡһ֪ɽлƫɽУ
һж׼𣿡ϢǣɢϵƣɨۼĴȺūħˡ
׼ˣԸΪЧħȵź
һӣһƬɫӰĻһ㽫оūħȫ档


740 ͵Ϯ
ҹһ¸ԪеʯֵƬĽҹĻ֮С
һжԵôװ
һӶħս׵ȻһڳǽѲߣٶǵΪ
Ǳ棬ȴƺ˿ûвΣٽ
һƬ޴ĺĻشһĸǱԪڡ
۹ȻڣѾǣ¶ϲɫԪµЩܼĽһ߶ס׾١Ȼܹ׽Ԫǣ֤ȥܿǵϢӦò١
ҵȣӰ˷ѪЦк䡣
˲֪ǣھԪǼ֮һƬУԻ÷棬Ԫǵǿߡ
ͷ۵ˣ
۲ûǰܿǣǸȥܿǵġۡ
ۣǽԪǻ᲻᲻ףĵЩǵʵϾԪﻹкܶǵĲڡ
ɫأдһ˿ȻΪ˸ɵǰ˸ħеֵõģǱԪѾ۾ʩչˣҲ֮٣Ԫһܵһ϶ˣ
кγΪѣЩڶսԪǵĴжǣڼԪǵȣһЩ⡣
Ԫǳˣ״޻ڣһսʹ˵Ԫǳͳ֮һ۵ĵϵ
б룬սӿһΣһҪǰ˸ħһ򾡣
ħŴħ˻оūԪǣǱʱûս
۵ڵȴѵʱ
Ҷվ۵
Ҷһǰ˸񼶵ħ֪Ǹ̸еϢϾͰͲסˡۿһҶ˵ò˵ҶǷǳģ֮ǰ̸Ǽ٣߳档
һħõ۸̸еϢ֪һǵǱɣֻ
֮αװǰܿǣ϶ŹᣬȻͶˡ
طսԪǵһǶȻκβǰ˸񼶵ħҲܾˣǵԪǾͲһˣҪ֪ԪǿǾӪǧꡣ
ԪǵԪƣԪǾһ᲻ɴݵ۳ǣ
һ˱Ԫڣȥǲܵġ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˴ǻֹѾɵˣ֪ץʲôӡһֱԪǣǶȻôױǰڲġ
Ҷɨ͋YԶ̸ţڶѾսصǿˣȻǻսġ
̨ҲҪսǱ۾ܾˣΪһشǾǱδ̨սʮصΪֻҪ񼶵ǿߣӦˡ
֪һսô
˫ʵ޼սԪǣ׼ӮӦǺܴģǰ˸ħʲôɱС

ҶǣңԶԪǣп棬֮ı˴ɱ벻Ǻѵġ
Ҷʧʱ򣬺ӪһϮǹһַϤС
ҶϲתͷȴоһȵĽһԷҶĺ󱳣Ҷһͷ㿴һǳЦ˭
㣡Ҷ˵ôˣ
ôҲ𣿡¶һ˿Ц⣬ԼؿҶӣû뵽ܿϤ
ʱѾ˱ľģû뵽ڰʱİ»ָ֪ҶϢ֮ȲҪҶǾȼ
Ҷĳɳ̫ˣĻΪҶ׸ζҶڲŷֻ֣ҪܹҶ㱻Ҳںˡ
Ҷؿ飬ǰƺЩͬˣ˼֮ϵ׵֣һŮһ㣬ƺһ˿̥ǵı仯
˵ںܾԶʱһҲޣǸϻʨһĳڡ
鴩һɫսףճߣǰһԷ˶׵ûֳۣĹ֣ǳЦһ˵Ķ˺ġ
Сܸܵò˰ɣȻЦݣȴϡһЩ˸Сܵܣܹټã
ôᣡҶæ֮ǰҶɽȺ֮Ƿ֣ȻЩطѾˣЩȴȻҶС
иС꾫ôأ齫յҶܽĵطҶĲӴһһȻ˵Сܵܣ뿪ôãûҪˣ벻㣿
欵ӣһŹһ㣬˲Ҷﹴ˳ȵĻ档
˭Ǻ꾫
ҶЦڶʲôʱˣȻջ
¶һ˿ĵЦ⣬͋YǱ߿һֻۣ͋YۿأתͷҶЦصСܵܣһսңʱŶ
˵֮Ƶس͋Y˻֣ȻǱ߷Ӷȥ
ҶȥķȥֻϴɴҲ۵ĺ棬ΪҪܶˣֻսһء
ܹ֮սʣҶйأϡѪǲǽսʵġ
ȻǰǰȻҶ΢΢һЦ޲ӵ뻳Уһ˼֮飬Ҳ֪ڲʱ֪Ȼͺˡ
ҶջĿ⣬ȴ͋YѾվԱ߶ˡ
Ҷ磬ǲǺĹĵؿҶС죬쳣ɰ
YҲһԹؿҶ
ҶмܵסίС֣εڨЦǸһ
۳࣬顢ꡢY̨˸ǧɫԶǾž޵ӵһһĪҸҫĸһܹ黹ôһЩҸķա
꾫ջҶ磡Զ۵飬˶ߺߵص
Yû˵ʲôֻᾲŵӣԼԹĿ⣬ҶͷƤ顣
;֮б˴пǲͨŮȭӵġꡢҶYκһΣգ϶Ҳǰȥȵģֱ˴˰нϾҲʧΪһȤˡ
Ϊ˲μһսܿǵλѾܻˣľһλսʮصǿҲս
ܿǺԪ໥֣ݺǽҪͬٶԽǿնħҪһȽԪϵİ˸ħ
Ҷһľ峤ϣϵعֵлλǰԪս
ӦõģԪܿǹͬԵУԸԶʵѣľ峤΢Ц׵һ޺ƤСͷȴ̺ǿ
һսԪ߼ʨүѾоλˣľһλȻֻսʮأ֮ͨһǿҲѷɫߵʤ㻹Ƿǳġ


741 
ԪǱߣҹĻ֣һƬ谵
ҹɫϢǱ뵽Ԫǵĵش
Ԫ˺޶ƺȫȻδ
ˣɱ
ҪɱЩȰǿҪֲħ֣Цһ
һɹɺڰϢųȥ
ǰ˹ħϢ
һħ֣ôЩǶΪ˵Ŀܡ
ЩѲţڰϢ٣һȻҽŵأħʴơ
ʱһƬӰͻȻ֣һֻֻ޴ĺǣЩڰϢ
ۣɫһݣһֻצץȥ
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ɱһ˵Ҫˣŭسȵ׷˹ȥ
ɱ߸񼶵ħҲǷѪĽһȥѰ۵ټ
۵ӰԪǵĸɿش󣬻ǧ޷ֱĸġ
СŭһһħڶϣסԪǣһڰϢһ㣬۵ÿһ
˿̣Ԫ⣬ѾλڶսǼٸϵ
ԶԶأ˾Ԫﲻʱ¡¡ľ죬򶷵üΪҡ
ԪǶħ֣һƬҰǣǰ˸񼶵ħ֪ôˡ
ƾһ׽۳һڷսҪ˾ɱڴˣ
Ԫǣɱź־ɳǡ
սʼǿ۵ڻ£ѸռԪΧʮ
͸λ֮һ߶еķʮѸʮ¹Ԫǣԡ
ʮ˲䣬ԪǷӿǧƵķɽһ㣬ԪǸɳ嵽ϣԪܱ
ɽӿһƬ󺣣һǿޱȵ˲Ԫǡ
׷ɱۣŭʵĪ⣬ôץͻȻ֮䣬һǿϢѹȶ·𱻺ľ޶סһ㣬̧ͷпȥֻѹвʱ⣬һƬ֮
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ӴκνҪǿö࣬û뵽ԪоȻһĽ
ɫǰǹԪʱӴĶΧĽ󣬴ûԪڲôһǿĽ󣬴ǰȻû̽κϢ
ɫ䣬˼תѾ׹Ǻܿ۵Ȧˣ۵˸ô̵ʱ䣬Ǻ޲¿ôһӴĽ
ּ̲סҪˣ˰㣬ʵ̫ƻթˣ
ħǵصľū񹥻ȺӵħʧһըʮʮΧһѶԷˣùģȻؽǸԼġ
ƫƫƬħȽԪϣֱ˴˼䶷ǵսͲħóˡ
ͬһķɽףܲˣ
˸˻һԪУԪǵĽΪ壬˴ǰ棬Դš
ħ֮
ŭ֣ˣ۸ν̸Уһյ֮ưˣ۵ʵƲòôǿĽ⽣ӦԪµġ
֮ǰȻһֱûб̽鵽ֻܿ۵֪
۵˸վУĵԪǣҪܳԪǹǲˡ
ۻô˶Ԫ棬ʱܴ߶ƾۣ㸺ָӽЭǣ˸һԪǣ۳˵
ã۵ͷӦ
վһĶˣ濴ȥԪ۵ףʱ׼Э۵ˡ
ɱۺﬡһγһָԪǡ
ɱħԪǣһսǸߺţ׷׼ԼηسԪС
Ҷͷһ۰ꡢY飬Ϭһ㣬ҲһͬҶǶڱ˴п˼ᶨս⣬һЦҲ޷˵ؼսš
ʱԪΧƾճһЩūħˣźų۵˳
ƾЩūħˣҲ赲ǿߵĽŲ
Ͻʢͬһҫ۵̫޷ֱӣһƺ£ľūħ˲䱻ֲѹĩ
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һǿĻĹϢһǿҲԸоǹǿѹ
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һս۵˻ص˸ԵĸλԪǡ
ҶѾꡢҶYͻʥȥˡ
ǲ֪ǣڴʱңԶʣԪǧ￪ĵطһСһ
Сϣ񼶵ħ֮⣬һ͵ߡ
һǸͳ˵ɫΪϧ
ҶڴˣϳǱܿǵ
Ԫ߹ѾˣǻǸϽȥش˰ɣһħ˵
˵ͷͷĿ˸˼ղҶҹ棬ȫҹ͸ħ𾪣ҶΪɳҲ̫ˣŶ೤ʱ䣬ʹӵ൱һصĴڡٶȣԸĳЩʱᲢˡ
ҶֳһЩǿߵǱ
СѸٵûʩչĳЩطҲûĴڡ
ԪһսԪǵĳʧսǾ޴ģϢѸٵشԪǣ֪ԪǸħȫԪǵ˱棬衣
Ȼ֪ħǺܻܿһսʤʿ
һսУҶӹΰصһҶĹȥҶ껯ҹ顣
ԭԪǾ󲿷߶ڱԹ۽ҩȫҶһϣε֮˶ٱԹˣǶҶ˸мҶԪǵҲﵽ˼¡
ľ峤λľһĳϸˣǵܿ⵽սһ͸ϻܿȥˡ
һͬܿǵģۡĵۺλ
һսܿǺԪ֮˹ϵҲιˡ
ʥǣҶء
Ҷ˹һ۾㿴Yꡢ黹̨ڴǰһеؿ
û¡һ˫˫ǵҶǿЦЦ뵽ȥĶ壬ɫֱȻˣĿҶϣҶۿܺ죬Ǹոտ޹
ҶɣҶаʹҶ˵
Ҷ硣Ҷɵͷߵ˴ǰǿˮ
ԲûܾȻض壡ҶѵؿڣгǸΡ
ҶҡҡͷʵصѾYͰ˵ˣ˵һӢۣҲҶ磬ֻԼûãûб
£ҶսҶսӥѾ׼˿ѣҶҲǲˡ
Ҷ۾ˣڶǹڻҶɣҶɵԴ˿Ҳ֪ʲôοҶˡ
ȻսʤħҶ£ûκϲ֮飬ҶսҶսӥ˶˱ʹ֮С
ҶҶսһǶ˵Ĺǰ˺ü죬Աޱȡ
Ҷָ֮̽һԼڣ֣һս֮ΪѾɳսʮأʵӦѾѷɫһˣȴûвһħ·ҹûֹһ㡣
Ҷͷųֻ꣬һױʿ޷ҹ档
֮ǰսʱΪŭͱʹڱħô£
Ϊʲôû˿ۼ
Ҷɻʱ۴
Ҷˣôѯʵ
û¡ҶѾȫָˣ۷ʱڻҪǿöࡣ
֮ǰĻô£Ϊʲôͷųôħüʵ
Ҳ֪ҶҡҡͷҲء
ûκ𣿡ɨһ£Ҷȷʵûʲô⣬૵صˣΪʲô֮ǰͷųôħȴһۼû£


746 ˣ
ҶĬףһĸԴԺеķɵҶȥôˣɵֺֹһ
ѯʹǻˣǻ˵ûʲô⣬ΪСԺ㲻쵼Ԫ½ˣ룬ԺԪ½񣬾ͽ̨籾顢ҶY˸ЩǸȻص
Ҷ۵ĵǣϾһƿصħǲ쵼ԪǵģȨ׻Ҷҵ̨类顢ҶYĸҶˣ
ڲκˣ޷Ԫǵ쵼ȨҶˡ
ǱΪһС죬ҶڵʵѾԪˡ
ҶɨҶҸʨүڸֻСĸʨΣò
СڸֻСϻʨ֣ԱֺһˣĻĺ֮顢СϡС
СֺǺǵһţСһﵱƤȥ
ҶѾٶλսˣսʵڲϵӣֻԪǻȱһЩ
ֻӵиԪǲŻøȫ
С죬̨籡ꡢС顢ҶYȶǷǳϣһڽѡ
׵սʮ֮ҶھϵǿˣҶ׼ںϸǿ壬֪Ԫǻ᲻ᵮ
תۼʮ죬Ҷͷһͬʱϵظں壬ǵĽչ൱Ѹٵġ
Ԫǻʱƽ۵ѾڳﻮǷҪǰĹðˣΪԪǵδܹӰȫҪ߳ȥӴ棡
ԪرݣԪǻһֱûҪչʾ˼۵ҲͲ׼ǰˡ
۵սʵ˭ǰĹʱһ¥ԪǵϿա
һսǵȫۼԪϿա
ǵˣ
һûи
ɨԪǣȻ֣ԼѾоǰ˸ħϢˡ
ô£ǰ˸ħȥü૵ŵһɨԪǣûзκħϢ
ɻȥһ֮ǹ˾Ÿ׼ʹ۵˽ǵһЩȻٰԪǻɱǰ˸ħ
һЩǲפԪǡԪǸһЩǮȵȡ
ǧ֮ȴǰ˸ħȻʧˣĪǰ˸ħ֪ǻԪǽףŵܵˣ
ǰ˸ħС屻ᣬ޷ʱմ󣬼ҲܲȥŶԣ
⾿ô£
ۣѾͬǵֻҪһЩͣӦǼǾԸǻɱǰ˸ħսʵ
ЦһظʮֱǸοҪǰһˡ뿪Ԫ֮ǰ˸ħ֪ȻԪǣǲԪǵ壬ǲѴ֮͸ɵǰ˸ħѾҪǰæˡǧʵˣҪλȾΣ
˵ʱһ˵ˬ죬ʱ򣬸оûôü
ô϶Ԫ̵ôԪǵİ˸ħɵˣʱ֮ڣԪǲˣ
۵ĻԪǵսһЦѣǵôˣ͵ɷʴһף
һ̣ˣǱˣˣ
֮ǰ̸У֮߳ưˣ뿪֮ǰ˸ħовǳ֣ȲعԪǣ۵
һ㣬ŭ֣ۼֱǵɺˣ
ۣǳΪδҲ̫˵㣡ŭص
˻ȣûдӦҪֻ֣˵ȥʾ֮ǰǰ˸ħԪǣܲܲɣǰ˸ħʵңϲԱԪǣװ޹˵ȴǴΪ졣
ԪǵһаЦѣۻظ̬ȣ֮ǰҶ٩һĻȻ߳īߺڣ۶Ҷѧһå緶
۵ĻζҪըˣͼƻõˣǵǹʹȴװ޹
ԪʹôֶΣ˵һռһˣԪǽܴ죬ŭѡ
ǰ˸ħѾˣʱû˳ԪǵֶΣ
ۣԪǵĲԼڸɵǰ˸ħҲӽǳ٣ѵǲΪδһ𣿷Ҫȵͷˣ֪һ
üëһȻ̫ˣԪȷʵûҲ٣Ҳòģ˭֪ģ˵ЩѵǹԪǵ
ԪǵӣβŭȴҲ޿κΡ
֮ǰ˵õһ̽رأǿѹڶʵ
̽رһ£ǻ˵ˣȥǴԼȥǻԻݵڴ򿪣ǾͲμˣ۵
üë֮Ҫ۵һȥΪһȥԪǻ϶Ը̽ʱ϶°빦Ԫǵ˲ԸȴԸǸرݵڣôҽˣͬСɣһգǺܿ޻ء
ĪһҪͽͶ
ЩҶЦǵͼ˾֮·˽֪ǼɵǵʵԪǵͰȥˣݵţ
ذɣԪǲҪǶģȥ֮תһǵʺ򣬶л˹ԪǡҶȥиһ䣺ʺĸ״ˣ
Ҫֶ飿
ɥô쵽ڣðˣȴ޴ӷѵԪǿսǾԲġ
һǵĻת˵ģ˰죬ſ˵ôһ仰
¥ٶڿն뿪ʱеĸо
¥뿪۵һЩսʶһޱȽĸо
ǵŴԪôģԪͼ죬Ԫûʲôǳ⣬Ȼǳޱȡ
ҲףԪǵΣûнǵҲװݣֻԪǿܲκӡ
۴ˣһ뷨Ҷ۵
ʲô뷨ջĿ⣬ʵ
ȥĺһˣһһЩＯһЩǮҶôǿġ
Ҷ׼ԪǰǼս׳֣ԪսõĽǳ߼ӣӦܹǮġ⣬пܵĻһһöʥȻʥĻҪǳСĲС
ҶĻ룬ͷһȥɣ
õģҶͷѾȥһˣ۴·ʡȥ鷳


747 
ҶȥĽֻһ԰ꡢ˲ʮֵġ
Ҷ۵ǿС壬С建𣬿˿ռ䴩󣬡ಡһʧ֮С
ǰɿӹҶСڲһƽ̨ϡ
ҲͼС塣
۳üмƣǰġڡ԰ܺãҶһֱ۵Լĳһ
ҶɨС棬ֻ嫵ǿ֮УһƬѤơ
ǲǺ۵һЦҶ
ţҶ˵ͷ
ҵһοʱҲ𾪣֮оȻľûôĲпɱ¾һǶôáǿ¶Щ֮ɫ
ûɱ¾ֻһõˣǲʵֵġ
۴ˡҶ̾ϢһĬƬ˵
֮Ͳذѱôˣѩ̣Ҳѩ̺ˡЦһ˿Ϸʵɫ
Ҷ΢΢һ죬˵ͷǱسͰĹϵ
˵ѩ̸۴֮䡭Ҷ룬Ǿ˵еɻֻ˵˸ͷ㱻۴ˡ
糺һڣС˭أҸ֮ʲôϵûУ
߾飬Ҷܿ۸֮϶Щʲôֻƺ˶ԸͱƣҶҲͲ˵ʲôˣҲֻǰһ£ۺ۵ĹϵôһЩڲͬˡ
ǾͲ̸ˡҶǺһЦѩ֪֪ԪǸжħ
ԪǸҡҡͷҲԪǸӦò࣬͹Ԫˣǰ˸ħ໹ʣôѣֻе㵣˵ٶħǰ
ȻĻδȫţܿǻҲ֪ʲôƲ⵽ЩħĵǾ˲òˡ
ٶ񼶵ħԪ֮Ǿ޷ô֮Կġ
һĵԪ˵һǳѡ
뵽δļѣ˶ЩĬƬ̺Ҷʵĺеһʲôĵط
кܶǿϵĴڣ˺֮ǧҪСĲǣҲԲ¶ƣҪЩɿĵҽףÿֻܽһˣܻܿΣգɫص˵
ԵʮֽӣпܷǳΣգ֮ҪǳСĲС
棬һȺǵˣһҪϽ㿪۶
ǵˣҶЩɻʲô˼ɵ
һڤǵĵطһǿŵĵطˣһʵǿҷǳԵ֣صصڤǵˣеģкܶԸģûȷԷǵ֮ǰǻǲҪǵĺá
£ǿʵ̫ˣǼϵشΣԲǿݡ
ףҶͷң嫵ǿգ䣬жδ֪Ķ
˵ڤǱһСڤƿأһɵ֪жǿ
СѸٵشţ֮һϻؽȥ
һޱӴ壬ԪҪֹϸܲκǻϢӦһǣǳߣͣźܶ¥С֮ĶԶͣһұ¥ҪĽֻͨĳֺɫĽ죬ǳ̣¥мơ
ʲôҶҽֻʵ
񽢣¥Ҫһ˵һҪʮħ𣡡۾̾ص
ʮħҶһզ࣬ôһ񽢶¥Ȼõ˰Ķ񽢵ˣӦñаɡ
ҲδûôǮ񽢡
Ҷ곯ԶĵطɨȥֻԶͣ¥
кܶһЩӵжλе˲۽ܵ
Ҷ˽һ㣬ޱϡ档
ҶΪôǿأԭҲڵǸȽǿѣطǿ󡢸е˱ȱȽǣ
Ҫܹһ񽢾ţˣҶ૵صԶҾ޴۷Ź⡣
۸ϽֹҶ뷨ҶǧҪ뷨нкǣȻûǻ꣬ȴǿ߸нֻͣı棬ǽǮǻΪֻܽ˸͵ЩֻǾͻ֣
ǿߣû뵽ǾȻôǿĴڡ
ǲ𣿡ҶʵȻ˹ǺΪʲôôΣգ
ܣҡҡͷ
λǿߣǿߣȴܺϵɱ¾
ںˣλǿҲԵõһЩôǴ¥СȾΪС
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˴źɫС壬̤˺ǻߵأ±ȽϵͣХϸСʯ
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Ҷۺ߽ҷ֮С
ǴһƬĿռ䣬۾ʱҶѾһļϡ
Ƭʮֻңкܶ˰̯Ʒֵ˶Ŷ˿òЩÿһ񼶵ǿߣԸ壬ĶС
˵ǺһĵĹ涨̽Էĳ࣬Ϊ
Ƽһǲǿеġ
йģǺܴȻȴ˹ıԵشʱʱħһЩħ˳֡
Ҷֵߵ̯ȥҩ֮ĶֵԱߵĿյϻڷһЩһЩŮеľеӿЩһЩĽ׳ǿߣеӵ񼶵Ϊһ⣬ǵ񶼷ǳն
Щ˾һȺһѺţȴ˽ߣΪǵˡ
ЩˣҶһȻ;ѡ
ƴпУһʧȥ˼԰ʧȥɣͻЩһ˵ū궼ūӡ
񼶵ūΪǿǧħħֹȻҲǳ֮ʯǳ֮Ķס
ڣħ˵ֵǮһЩһ˶᲻ʹǳ֮ʯǳĺǳ衣
ҪһЩȽĶͱ뵽ϴĵ䵱УǿܻһüǮ۵Ѿ֪ҶҪһսףսȻˣսõԭϣͼΪ󣬰ԪսӦܹõǮ


748 ö
ֵ߳Щ̯ģмʮҵ䵱УҶһʱ䲻֪ýļˡ
ԥƬ֮Ҷѡһҵ䵱˽ȥ۸Ҷĺ棬䱸עΧˡ
ܽ䵱еģ㹻ǮкöǱ˶Ǿ鷳ˡ
λҪ䵱ʲôһЦЦسӭӵȻ̬ȴǳ죬ŤƤҲ֪ʲôģªޱȣ˫ϸҶۡ
ҶȻһսܵһɲѪϢ
еŹ֣Ϊѷɫʮصǿߣ
ɱǲģҶȻ۵ߣ
Ҳоһ˿ΣյϢϽҶ˳
Ǹɫ΢΢һҲû׷Ҷ뿪ɺͷ촽¶һ˿Ц˵ͦģһ߽Ļ˵ͳˡ
ҶۿӳԶԷû׷һͬʱҲΪˣеΣճ̶Զ
۴ҶǼҵ䵱ӦһҺڵ꣡
һЩڵ꣬רЩһн׵ˣóȻЩڵ꣬˵ϵĲܷõȫһ⡣
ҪԪսȥѡ
ԪսôĶ˵ͻ˵졣
Ҷ۲ðȻжЩ䵱Χǻ۲˺ܾãȷҵ䵱ʱ˽
ҵ䵱Ӧ⣬ɱ˽ٲƵġ
Ҷһۣѡһ˽ȥ
ҵ䵱ڲͦװ޻һЩˣдһˣЩ˲ͬǶûд
ڴһλõģһеĵߣ뷢԰ף棬壬ˣżͷһڲ裬ҵ䵱Ӧһеλˡ
͸һɸͰԵϢΪϡ
һƳҶӭ
λҪ䵱أǸƿʵ̬Ȼ顣
䵱ҶĻش̡ܼ
ǸƳһ̨ǰָһ˵
һǽһŹ̨̨ǰڷһӣٿϸǽס
ûаĵطҶüʵ治̫ʺϽ׹صĶױ˶ϣֻЩͨҩŻｻס
λ롣ǸָŴһߵҶҪҲûʲôȵɫƺϰΪˣǵ䵱һģʱһЩͻףҪ
ڵֻҪû˹̽ûˡ
ҶǸƵһĺ棬ֻڷһӣӣü򵥶ʧ
λ֪Ҫ䵱ʲôǸҶ֮Цʵ
ҶһۣҶԪս׵һ˳սΪصļײ֡
Ǹƿ𻵵ļףԭЩĵıȻһоһţһ±飬״ʵϾֻף
Ҷ̧ͷһƣü֮һ֮ҶʮΣҶͷֻһ
ǸһЦһΪʲô˲õĶأԭֻһüף׵ĽǲǧħҰɣ
ҶȻһǸơ
ǻĲܹճһ׵Ļ۸ǿ̸ǸЦЦ˵
֪ܲļ׵ֵǮԪǰùĶҲԲֹǮǧħǴ򷢽лӰɣ
ҶЩӣǸƹһЦλǺ⣬Ҫȥǹ˵һ˵
ǰˣҶɫ˵
ǸǸսʣתͷǸߣǵϣعͷʱȴѾտҲ
ಡһǸµ˹
˵أüʵ
ҵϣոǻأǸеҪһףҾ϶һףŴ
ףҵһֶҲΪܹ޸ܹϼħ޷޸ҲܹʮħΪ֮ϽֵôǮ
ôһʴ⣬ôˣ
ҵһ¶ɫϺԺǼҳȥңܲҵǣ
ǣǸƸϽӦ
ĽֵϣҶۼٷӡ
Ҷó֣ǻ˰ɡЩյصǸ
ںн׺ڳԺʵ̫ˣǵΪ治ˡ
Ԫս׷޷޸һֵûʲôܹ˵ܹشʽǮ٣Ǿ˵ˣܱá
һҵ䵱УǽȥҶûз
ðɣ۵˵ͷҶһʣһҵ䵱ȥ
ߵǼҵ䵱ſڵʱ򣬺ȻһʮҶΧ
Ҷ۳Щ˿ȥֻǸƻǸ߶ȻС
ҶüͷѾСˣû뵽Щ˻׷ٵ
⻹̸һ룬λôˣǻȥ̸Σҵͺ˵һƵӡ
˼ǲˡҶĿΧЩɨȫ񼶵ģܹʮҪǴܾ鷳ˡ
ΪʲôѵǶǵʵ䵱ļ۸𣿡ҵ΢ЦſҶλԼ۸⣬Ҫǻȥ̸Σ
ѵǲ˶ǰΧʲô˼һһ񼶵Ϣ͸Ѿ׼ʩչˣҶǶ֣ҵָһӣ
ҶĬĬתڵľǣʮ񼶵ǿߣǿ߲
ԶвפΧۣСʲô
ͣһ
ҵ˰Զ䵱ſڶʲô˼ʱһޱȻǰǼҵ䵱д˹һ˴ԼŮŶһϮѣǳЦɨˣвתȻ
Ůĸ͹£Ǽɫ˿ʳȹֱȸ֮¶һ޳Өȣ̲ס档
Զ䵱Χһ¶Եɫ
Ů˳ҵɫһ䣬֮ߴҶۻصʵ䵱̸°ö
˸̸⣬̸һûˣҪǶλȥ̸ðﺣҵΣֵ
ʵ䵱Զ䵱Ƭõҵ䵱Уʵ䵱д붼ǱöߵģöΪأöںŵʱҵҪöߣöɫ߽ˡ


749 Ԫս
ʵ䵱֪öǣҲûҹԶ䵱鷳లѾǧ֮ˡ
һŮ˹һ˳ںֻҵĵطȻȵҪ˵û˭š
صıŮ˵òҲʹΪĿĶ
̸һûˣΪҵϸļǮǲ⣡öЦͬһ㣬һȵ˹޳İȻεۻ鶯۾ŶҶۿһۣȻ֤Զ䵱⣬ҵϴ˵Զ䵱ſˣƺе㲻Ϲذɣ
öĻҵɫһӺö׼֣
ȫսףôһ׮ҪǱöˣҵôòġ
λǸһصʵ䵱ɣĻλ䵱ɹҲ߲ǣҵһҶۡ
ҵĻҶüëһ
ҵ㲻вǣֻҪԶ䵱Ĺ˿ͣԶ䵱ȻνǰȫͳǣöһЦ糤裬Ȼ
ǷҪǺ𣿡ҵŭص
̣ǲΪˣֻһˣ˸۵öͷϣö¹öЦһ˸Ǿ˵ǵԶЩΧ۵һĭöƳҵһۣȥ
ҶһۣԶ䵱һѣ
ǾؿҵˣԶ䵱ȥ
ҵɫѿؿҶ۽Զ䵱κ
Ҷ۽Զ䵱ҵһɨҶ۵òŭһߣ
ҵ뿪ˡ
ҵԶ䵱ſڶˣȴö仰뿪ˣ˲öıⲻѡ
Կóʵ䵱˶öǳɵҲؿⱻԶ䵱ˡ
ĵʲôȻҵԶ䵱ſڶˣ
Χ۵˼תţЩ˲һЩ˼
Ҷ۽Զ䵱
λöȻһЦǰ·
ȻöҲǺܷģҶ룬ȻѾû·ˡ
Զ䵱Ҳ൱װεȻľ߹ϡ
Ҷһ·öһɫİᡣ
λöЦ˸ƣԼʩʩȻһԵԸҿǵҪ䵱ʲô𣿡
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Ȼʮħ𻻻ʮ߸֮ҲδܰԪǵֵסٶħĽǱϾ˲Ԫǵʵǿ


750 
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Զ䵱ʲôҲԴֿۣöһЦ
ƹɷǹһֻޣ۾˵ϴʱ˵޵ǿ
ޣöһüͷ˿Ҷ۵еѣȻҲǸ㲻ʮħ²ħ޷޵ģҪħһǳģȻܹޣĻûаħ²Ҿаħ򵽵Ҳֻȵ޶ѣ
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ҶѡʮŮҶ׼̨ꡢY顢С컹ÿһŮˣСˣʣµԼƿء
۽ʣǶʮŸһ£˸Ԫǵÿ˶ֵū͡
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ȻǻҪħĽǲǺ޻֮ˡ
һжʥҶҴģǶʥҶҳ˳羴
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Ҷ׼Щȫ壬֪֮ЩΪ᲻


751 񣡣
Ҷţ۴ˡ
ҶƲˣܿǶҲټ
ƲˣҶüͷܿʱ˵ҪȥߣǺ嫵棬ƻ᲻ͨһЩ;뿪ܿǣ뵽ܿͨĴƬ󲿷ֶѾħˣȥأ
ǻô˵ҶʵƸԪǻϵǳǻӦûָʾ
ǻ˵ӳˣҪȥһȥɡ۵ƺҶһǻں϶ȶΪ0Ҷϵ۲Żһ
ҶĬƾʲô뿪ܿǵģ
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ƾһֻյһֱСֻò֡ԪʱȫˣôƹǾһսʴԪҲûʲôã뿪ˡ
ֻߵʱҲûи˵һҶвмįϾƸһЩĹϵ˺嫣ʱһμ治֪ʲôʱ
ȥɡҶ̾ϢԵܻһ졣
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ҶںһʱеĳɹҲ˴˵ӣҶΪҲ˲١
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ᡱһȼ˳ȵɫ档
Ҷ֮£ںϣΪѸٵһǿϢΪܺɨ˳ȥ
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صΪںһƺԶԶ
Ҷںϵڶ塣

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ں֮ڴ˽׵ıϣͻƵأ
Ϊ֮⣬ҲһЩı仯ǽ׵ëϴһɫĻ棬ǻ¶ȼߣ˲佫ذճһ޴Ŀ
Լı仯оʮ־棬֮£ëϵĻŽϨ𣬻ָԭӡ
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ллˣɫصҲ֪嵽ʲôȻ͵ΪµͻƣܹͷųôǿĻ˿Ҷһַĵľη
ҶҶŸصҲһһں壬棬ʮܹͻƵأ߸Ȼάؾ磬ΪԵ
˻֮󣬻Լ
ҶĿͷų꣬ҶأҶܿоҶصǿǵĻǺڰеĵǹһ㡣Уʮǿʢ
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һһѰɵԸֶȻһ˲ϰٰѷɵҶԼҲеһ˿ȡ
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ɵһҶ˲Ϣͬ񳯷һ㣬ˡ


752 ǿߣ
ҶһϰٰѷɵٿȥٿɻأָʹÿһѷɵҶͨ
ҶԼ˴ν׸оʮ⣬ɵɨҶأ¶˼ֲ֮ɫû뵽Ľ׾ȻֱӴ̨˵Ľס
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һж鹦ҶԺķɵ
ҶԷɵغˣʲôĴǿߣܴǿķɵ
ҶһֶʮѾʮ񣬼ôսʣҶҵʵȻǳˡ
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۵һǻഫš
֪ҶԺӿֳٸ񣡡ĵ̾ҶҿŰ˰ٶսʣ˰ٶսǻں϶ȶǳߣкܴһֿܻ񾳽硣
ҶǿԪ޺۵ҶѾԪǵһԱˡ
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ۣҶƺһ壬֮ԼΪҪҪںһЩ壿۴ʵ
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ǸΪأһЩ뷨һҶջ뿪ԪǣǺ棬ʱ۵ȻػԪǡ
Ԫʢ˥ƶǸУǶػΪԪսЩһֱһǻԪǡ
ҶǲͬģԼһԤУҶڸƴǿգӦһССԪϡ
֮ҶٶȷֳһҶҶµ壬һǰԪǡ
ۣȥһܿǰɣܿǱӦûмħ˵׷鵽ǵټٶ񼶵ħûеȰ⸽ħȫҶ뵽ʧٵ˵ĳǡ
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ҶһȻʲôɵһЩʶ֮ûҶ֮УӦǲ뱻֣ҶڵʵԸһǿ߶Կ
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ۣҶһսǷ׷׿Ѫ
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ôˣȻֵסһ˵ѹȣ
սʵУҲˣҲòȥ

ץеĽɫ¶ǿҵĲ֮ɫΪػԪǣϵԼøǿһֱʮأĽŲȻûֹͣϵ׷ĸ߾磬ԭΪʵԸͨԿˡ
ڲŷ֣ȣ˲֪٣
Ԫλ֮Ԫûеһǿߣᱻ
ǿ۾̧ͷ¥ȥ¥ļװϣǸ˰Ȼ·ֳŪ֮ɫ
ټԪǣûһܹԿ


753 
һµŮӺǴǰԪһε꣬Цףôˣ
ԪǿһҲʮأֻǸδɵëӣҲΪԿֶɫмص
ףҵ˵Ǹ𣿡һĨ֮ɫôˣ˶Ԫ½Ľ֮УǰšСûһҪǸ˸ۣ
ӲΪģΪһΪֻعģһ
߸ӣȴֻһŮŮһֱ谮
֪걻šҲޣԷԪûˣ
ŮҲǺ𣿣
ͨ쾵ۺͻĵԪǵѾ֪ԪǵһУ֪ҶԪǵĵλ
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װ쳹Ԫǣ˭Ҷҳ
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ʵɱûܰôɱһǻ꣬Ǿ˲õˡǻ꣬Ҳ˴ڣǻ겻ã߲Ҳ˹
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754 ǻ֮
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ԪǣԪڵ飬ЩԪʱһʧǻ꣬ǻգתһص
صսȴһسɳɸΪߵȵĴڡǻѡ֮ǵʧܷɹʵͻͽΪһǿߡ
СոճûãֻеӤʱӵսʾΪͻƵ񾳽磬СٶȣΪָտɴ
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Ҷһƴ߶Ҫʵ̫ǿˣҶԽǹҲ֮Խ

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ʮصۣǰҲѷɫ̫ˣοҶŸոսһضѡ
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ڵˣ۵һղԪǻı֣ȷʵĸнš
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ȻԼڻһ֮ڸոӵ֮ʱҶ֮ͦǿģԼΪ֮ƺ׸ÿҩʱôһ˿˿֮ˣ֮ôҶѪ֮䣬˿Ҳû˵ɳôǿ
֮û̫ôҶҲý䶪ͷôһֱš
۵˼Ī֮һЩ˲õĴڣ
Ҫ˵Щ֮һЩûĴڣƺֲ̫ʣǺֻǾôһЩԣԶԶﲻӵǻ۵ĳ̶ȣԪʷУЩ֮оǲ²⣬Щ֮ܿǵһĳЩܱǻ껹ҪߵȣĿԶصΪǻ֮ǰЩ֮Ѿˡ
ǻ껹ҪߵȣⲻܣҶüͷҡҡͷ˿о֮ǻߵȣ
ôҲǣ֮鵱Уĳֳ˯ʶ۵һЦ֮ȴֻһ̫̫֮ȣɢģ֮һǻƳҲ˥֮ǻ껹ҪƳöࡣ
Ҷޱȣ۵˵ÿһ֮鶼Ψһģ֮е֮һ֮
ȻҲֻǵһֲ²⣬ൽΣ˭Ҳ֪̾ǻƺҲͬ
ҶüëһȻԪǻҲͬ˵ǿ϶ǰ˾Ųʮˣܹɢ֮ǿʲô̶ȣ
ǳʱ򣬾ǻ˵һ̤棬ܹռ֮ĻǧҪȻ񻹲֪ʹ
ƵǣҶƣ̵Һ岻֪һ֮顣
̫ۿƣĿ͸ִȰԪܹٵ֮飬ȴֻһ̫СԪսʽռʮ̫һʮƵ塣
֮ƽʱһ̬Ĵڣռ㹻۵һʱԱҺ̬׾̫ΪһЦִ˴ԼĶӣֱָӴ͸ɫҺ壬ٴΰγʱûմȾһ˿Һ塣
ԭˣۺƲ֪ǣҶҲһ֮飬ֻ֮ռ֮ڵܱ֮øǿ
ҪҲŰһտʼЧܺãӵ̫֮󣬱øǿˣʱƣһЩõķӦЩǸεؿƵ
һЦײؽ黳Լѡ˾޷ϲ
¶һĨİˣʹʱ򣬱ǰ׷ͺڷˣӺŮѾˣҪؿŶӽȥȴް취еʹ֪Ǹóеˣʹĵٶһ˶ٿ۵Цա
ôˣҶʵ۲Ե޹ᵽƵ
Ȼ֮鿴ûû˼룬·Ǻĳʶʶ֮飬Ƶ֮ǿҵųⷴӦÿһʱ򣬾ͻʹͬʱҲڲϵţơ۵Щˣһ²ܻʱ䡣
ȴûûεЦЦ˵֮һأײغҴ⡣
ҶȻЩˣΪʲôôʣΪԸ۸ӱˡ
֮ĸ飬Ҫ̫ԡ
һ̣ҶȻ뵽˸Ҷս죬ϵʱ򣬸׶Ҳǲ벻
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ǻ˵ɻĻᣬ˵ܹ̫ʶֻҪֹܹͣʴƵ壬Ҿ취ƻˡۿҶҶܹƣҶʲô˺֣Ȼ̫ϰ߰Ļڿͷ˵
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Ǿ˰ɡۿһƣ̾Ϣһ
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758 ٻ
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ˮľڵ̫ǿʢˣҶһΪˮܹױƵɣû뵽˷ԵĴ
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Ҷ۳һϵ壬Ƶڡ
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һĻҶȻˣֻƽ⣬һ˵״ܴﵽһѵ״̬ҶԺԵҲٻ˳ȻƵڡ
ľˮƵڻͨʹɫͣ黺˺ܶ࣬Ƿڵ̫Ǳĳֶһ㣬ҲػΪƽ͡
ɫָƽҶһҲǳһ
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Һˣ±˱ģƺЩţоûʲôˣȻ̫ʶڣûмʴƵǽһ˿ơ
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ԶūҲһ죬֪ʲô顣
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ˣҶεؿǰһУû뵽̫ôǿ󣬰嶼ˣջûܾȵơ
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ҶȻļ٣ܣ޷ƣϡԿʹı顣
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759 Ĺ
Ҷۻ˴СϷӶԶǻһȼյĵطƺмУǳȺӵٶʮһŶӣеǧ
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Ҷ󲿶ǰӣǵΰľţƺһѾʷеĻ棬ǵصľūͬȳһһ壬ħſЦħ֣𷴿裬ԡѪսǻǷ׷׿ǻ֮ԱǺˡ
ѪȾƬǿգӢԶƬ֮С
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ಣǧ֮̽ţʧ֮ŵС
ǿŽ֮ţЩɢǣҲ׷׸ŽĹ
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760 ʬ
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Ĺĵطͬǣкܶڵģܹʺ档
ҶһȺĺ棬ϸɨΧ˵ܴҵһЩʧˣѾ̽ˣûκмֵĶ
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ۺҲƿ޵ʬ壬ڲٵֻ֮ˡ
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761 ɵƣ
ۺһۣ⣬Ҷĺ棬һ·Ĺȥ
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һֱ޾գд죬ΧѾûˣҶͣΪԶƯһʬ塣
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ˣΪ𣬾ס𣿡ҶһЦ»زǣ˭֪Ԫģʱֻ˵ԽĹðգø촦ʬ޴棡
Ҫɱǣһ֮ǰҶô˵ֻᳰЦҶڣҶѾռϷ磡
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꣬ΪС𣿡ҶΪ֮£ǸѾ˴ɱֻ꣬ΪԪǴѣ
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أ
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飬Ҹ׳ǺÿģѪлǲĵš
ţұ죡һȭϣһߡ
һ߸ϵСŰˣȻúܲңȻޱȶ񶾵صƣƻȭʱһϸƵϡ
жɫһ䣬Ƕغܿɢˡ
ƵѾǵһĴڣͨض˵ûã
زãһ£һ֮ɫ
طŭһ仰ģȻûǰӴŮˣǼõģ衢ûۡ۵ˣ꣬ʵоģ
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걻һߵϹͷ˺üѪ˿̵Ѿ˲˹Ψɢĳ䣬ĿȻޱȶ񶾡
ɱɣҶһ۾Զ˵ˣղսĶܴ󣬴˵ز˾˾Ͳˡ
ҶĻſеһһĹâҧվǿתӵߡ


766 ɱ
վסŲؿꡣ
£ұ뿪ĳ
ꡰšӦһת׼ܣʱ𳤽һ̽ı֮С
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ҶƶһüͷЩһеĲУһܵôʲô
ֻͨһжҶƹصŮŰ裬Ӧã뼸λ˷ŹңԸΪλЧȮ֮ͣ
ĻҶЦһһ˶ѵˣ˵ô㣿ɱ飬ǺҶܵģԱߵҲ¶˲м顣
λˣбѪϲŭ޳Ͳ֮Ϊˣֲǣλ˸ᣡΪλЧɣɱ꣬˰ѱλ˵һλ˰ҿ϶ˡҿλǱǣκϢҶʱλˣذ
Ļƻм⶯ģܹǣԪǾǼкôġ
ʱֻءʮصǿҲۺȫѶ
ʱǵ˲״̬һŭؽ
İ࣡ȻɱС㲻úǸɫ˺أһѪһ߿
Ǹŭ񶼱ųĬˣѾܲˣû˿ı֮ģ˸á
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ʣ˵״ȫɫұ䣬ԼǻˣȫƴҪ롣
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֮Ȼһصص˵ͷ
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ҶԭԿܲЩ񣬵룬Ҫס񼶵ǿ߻ǺѶȵģΪ˱֦ȫɱΪãϾϵԪǵİΣ
۰˵ʬһ£Ҷ÷ɵϻһӣȻЩʬȫװ˽ȥϸڲغá
ֻһЩʱ䣬ֻʬϵ޾ȡ˳ЩǱһ𣬳ϵӶȥ
Ҷ˸ϻؾżϵʱ򣬴ǵڶʮ죬Ѿۼ˽ǧ񣬴ҶڵȴŻع顣
ţԪˣҶۺƱûԭĳ࣬ӹȥк
ۡƺҶţԪ¶˲úЦݣӭλֵܣ֪ȥ֮ǰǻţ
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λĹʲôջ𣿡һͼЦʵ
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ţԪ죡Զ׻ɫһĿɭؿһۡƺҶ
׻ȻۡƺҶһ˿֮ģû˷
΢һ˿죬׻꣬ЩΪȻһصĶѣʵ׿ôƫмָ߰ӡ
ţԪڨڨرͣǸȻؿһۡƺҶ
ǶһȺǿߣǿĴ׻бȽȨһˡ
˵ǿߣʵǻԾǿеһȺˡ
˵ʱಣӰ˹һҲʮصǿߡ
˹׻ꡢţԪͼ޲һݡ
һսףҫޱȣԶԶܿķˡ
ǸĽСŮԣȴһĸɫĿһһɨ׻ˡ
˵Ĺķõ纮Įһ׻꣬óȺǿ֮У׻Ȩġ
׻һüͷȻô֪ģ
ȱô֪ġӸµؿ׻꣬๵صҿʲôĻˣ
׻Цǿǿ飬ֲûǡĹһôã˭֪Ķ
Ϣôй¶ģĪмڼ飿׻ĿɨŶеˣֵӵؿۡƺҶ̫֪ˣᴫȥ
˼ǲ׻նص
üëһһ㲻ܿ԰ɣ׻˽ƬðյʱΧ۲ǣ֪õ˲õĶ֮ġ
ǲôˣѵǻ׼ǿĲɣţԪӲغƢֱͿˡ
Ҫɫ˲һƾӳĴţԪϣءһţԪѪɶ
۸ϽһţԪסһ˿ɫδҲ̫Եˣ
￴ҲţԪһۣƺû׻ص˵һ飬ҵĶҿ
׻ɫΪѿȴûκζ
ߣ֪ôһɫޱȣϽҫһǿѹͷŶ
ͬʱҲͷųѹ


767 ǿ
ʮǿߵƿֲޱȣһ볯׻ѹȥʱ׻ɫ·𼴽Ѫһ㡣
׻ЩһŭĿӣǸŭԡ
Ϊﵽʮأнս׻ܹԸģ
׻ȻǲʵɫڻǬȻ߰Ҳвòͷʱ
ܸǣţԪĨߵѪһȺðΣսǴ棬ֵܸŵõܹˣ
ţԪĻĿ¶׹⣬һһХųţԪʺȥ
һɱҪţԪһɱ
ۿţԪҪɥ֮£ֻءһ죬ץסǵ
ΧļͣЩǶΪţԪˣû뵽ļ󣬾Ȼͽֽ
Ҳ㶣֪ԼͷųȥļжǼϫhϽɵģо綾ԼҲǰ˾ȻͽֽˣһһɵӣѵϫhϽľ綾
¶һ˿صɫǿƯ꣬Ͷֱǰʵɲ⣡
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ҶָԭѾɵƳְ֣ɵ˻
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̬ȣ˿е¶һõЦݣ֪֪˲㿴ǿҪǲԵģѵĳûн̵Ҫ𣿡
ЦЦһȭͷǵ뿴Ϳƨ£µģС㣡
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ֻ˵ǿս׿ѣûҪ治·ҿɣĲվסŲһԼȭͷЦƤҲܹ⻬
ЩΧ۵ֱһЦ
סҸû꣡˫ۼ𣬺޺޵طºݻһʧԶٴȥҪǰˡ
۸ڶݺǿô꣬ûܹ裬յ裬ǶȻǵģ
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ƿţԪ˵ԺСĵ㣬ñĹˣҲǣ϶ǳģ
ллλֵܣλֵܰæ治֪ǷһɣţԪϿҵصҶۡǸмԱЩŶ
ͬ⣡
Ҳͬ⣡һ׷ͬЩˬֱˡ
׻꿴һˣҲ¶һ˿м֮ɫԸ߰ȴûаѸмĻ˵ֻǵ˵ͷ
ˣŰɣЦŰ˰֣Ȼ֪׻ꡢţԪ˵õʲôѾö޾ˣջķˣԺһЩԪǿ϶ԣģţԪ˵ֱˡ
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768 ң
ǲʲô𣿡ţԪҶˣЩţҶ˾Ȼ᲻Ҫ
ʲô˵ҪͲҪģŰɣҶһЦţԪļ򣬡ʶǺܸˣ
óţԪƷԶǸ׻ȻԸ߰һ㣬ꡢЩһˡ
ӽԺǾţԪֵܣʲô飬ţԪҲǣţԪ֣صص
ãҶǺֵܣˬʵЦ
ҶҲЦŵ˵ͷȻãã֮˭Ҳ֪ٴʲôʱ򣬵Ҷ֪ţԪ˵ⷬʵģ͹ˡ
Դƻ֮˾ͶŲˣҶۡ˾ŵ쵼ߣ⵹ЩҶ˵ϡ
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ֵȴ˼죬ѾԼʱ䣬Ѿۼǧҵ
ǧһģȵȥʱ򣬾ʣǧˣ˿ҪԶĹ档
ﻹֻĹΧѣĹ֪жٵδ֪򣬺ܶطֻܹ֮ҲǾһ
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Ҷƺڿնǰ·ǽ˳·ء
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սս֮ͣС
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壬׷һħǸǽһԵɣ
䣬һִֻֻʮָˣӨ񣬼Ϊÿȴٶȼ죬գ۱㵽˽ǰն¡¡죬ǿѹȵá
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ܰΪʦδȻǰ;
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Ϊİȫۡ۵˰С̨ܿǣ˼ūͱ
ǣԪҵһͿһЩ񼶵ǿ߷ԪûһǿƵԪϾͲôعˣɱӣˡ
פԪϵһսΪһЩǿߣȫҶϾɱ
ۡ۵ҪǸսֻعǶԷһٶһսԪǽ᳹׻ֻ
ΨһֵҵǣǼλǿƺмһȺ֣ûвֻоص¥ķȻĻԪ½ΧĽƻ᲻ᱻƶһ⣬ԪҲȻزס
һУɵģ
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Ǽλо˺ܾãûҵص¥ķ˼ȥ̽Ǽȴص¥Ľɱˡ
ˣЩ˶Եص¥Զ֮Ԫĵص׽رݡǸҲرʲôطһ궯֡
ԪǻΪԪǵİֻýص׵رչ˳
״½ϻĴ½֮֮Уһ޴Ļ汤ݻ˳
ռطԲʮΧǽߴףֻĽ۴αȣһĸΪ׳ۡݲ֪ʲôɵģͨ解ڣһ硣
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769 Ѫ
һεΪ׳۵ıһ֣˵߶еر֮ϣҶݳ˺棬Ҫһ̽Ԫǵõʱ
رݲص¥ôԽ룬Ȼȼųʢ棬кܶǿܹС
һǿ߽ر֮Укܶѡ˹ûðȻȥ
Ȼرݳ֮Ԫ԰һЩȻǻңµǿ߻Ǻܶࡣ
ʱƣԪפǿѾǧˣܶǿֽ֯رðգһǻ켣Ԫǣȴ˵Ϣ
Ԫǣ㳡ľƹݣһȺԸۼвǿߡ
ۡۡ۵ʮսʵУʱ̹עߵ״Դ
ԴǸսʼ屻֮ԪİǶѾǨԪǣԪ½ȥˣԪǰԪ½ĴͨѾرգΪ˱޸ͨۡۡ۴ʮء
ƹ֮Уһ׳ţԲϲ̵ھƹڴڵغžƣΧһԡ
ԶЩ񶼲߿̵죬´һٶ񣬻Ծڸɱǿߣ˵кüҪɱȴû׷ٵڡ
һʮصǿߣɱԣѳĸǣΪǿߣһ޹ħǸѲļһ
һһغžƣͻȻ֮䣬ѾƱ͵һңƱ촷ۣһء
ģԪǵˣȫڽ棬ǽҲ֪ĸõģôҲƣҸŮҲӣŭ
ĻΧµЩҲ׷ˤӡ
ԪǣԪǵҲ֪úдǣ
ɣ
ѵѵǣǲŻ֪
һȺӿ¡
ϴҪȥͨԪ½Ĵͨ޸ˣһü۵˵
ϴ˵ԪЩ棬ŮģһʲôۣһۣĻԸУжˣһҲ
ЩµĻ۾شһãֵߣǸǿͨȻĻʲôۣȫĸˣ
ãһ£һٶȻӦǣȫڿն𣬳սʵȥ
һЩǿߣһЩԸ壬Ƕſֵ̬һ𣬽ɨսʵ
ʱڹעƹۡۡ۵ɫ΢䣬ǵĵҪˣЩȻʵʵشԪǣ
ȥǰԪ½ĴͨˣҵҪȺʲôȵ峺˵Уһ˿֮ɫ
ѩ̣ԸһͬսӰ۵ߣ񻣬վ˿ޱ֣أ͸һƣƽʱɰĵӽȻ֪ͬλһս
İѾ񼶵Ϊ츳׿ڻ˷ǳߵ衣
꣬㲻ӦģȻһ֪̾ʲôʱģ츳ˣԪǱʵ֮һ
Զ͋YҲˣȻ֮ôһЩССĽ٣ΣѵʱҲǲԹ۵ġ
Ű΢΢һЦȻ˿ȴһֶׯ߹ʡ
YҲ¶˼ɫȻԸȴǼΪǿҲҪҶ
ˣһصΪ
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֪ʲôʱܹ۵һ˿˸֮ɫҲһ˲ָ
֪ҶҶYﲻţ֪ΪʲôÿֻҪ֪ҶڣǶһĹǣڣãã֮УҶ֪ںη
սʵ⡣
޹ħſſؽţԪǵģȫҳȻ̤ƽսʵ
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ۡۡ۵˳սʵϿա
죬ԪǣݲҰüͷŭһ
Цȥ壬ȥˣ֮£ûһκεңԪûһǿߣҲҶۣҵѹկˣܱĺģŵعЦɫеؿۡ
֮ͽƾǸУָͷҶ࣡ĿԲɣŭѡ
۵Ļһ˿֮ɫ漴аһЦĿۣԼһеİꡢ顢ҶYˣ̾û뵽ԪŮв٣ҴԪǣʱһźң
˵֮Ц޹ĥһӿһǧ׵ľ޴Ӱֱֱսʵ
ۡһͬ߶սʵĻҲǴ߶Ԫǵƾ
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е޹ħޱȾ޴ĵӰԪŰӿ
ԪܹǧЩ˷Ǵ˿̣ȫԹۣûһ˳֣˵ӮԪӮ޹ؽҪ¡
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裬ϵش߶ƾһɽ籩һ£ۣºü
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סԻñ飬΢΢һ㶣ſǻѩ̣Ҫ
ȴʱʮͬʱն۵ϡ
ҪɱͷʱһĻŭѾֹˣвɵӹһ˿ϧվҲһŮӣյ£һź
ʮ֮У۵ͻȻųѤĿİɫâǰ׹ޱʥ࣬·ɽ֮ſǰ׹֮УȻ׿һʥһŮӣ̬Ӻݣ޶Ŀ
Ůۣնµ˲䣬ʩչʮβèһļѪ


770 ۵
꿴ʥӰ棬һʩչʮβèһļѪζ۷һ
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ݰĽԶòȻúֱ֣ܿŮսظܵеʹ࣬ͼҪ۵ģΪȴ֣Ѿ޷ĸˣֽǷʹѹ
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һݵòİ飬ӾʡδԹ޹ۣǧ꣬һԷޣӵݵģȻĽ۵ӣˣҲܹõ۵İʡ
۵ϣѧ˰ݺᡣ
۶԰˵ĸһ
ʩչѪоԼ񱻸˺üӣʹ顣
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ʥİ׹֮УͷңԶǿգû뵽һηֱ𣬾ԶҾܷһУһĥӡۣɢȥ
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΢΢Цţ۽ȴǻһžӨΣϵϢѸٵرǿһȻַŮ񣬸·Ĳ
Ԫߣɱ۵ޱϳ࣬жһѰ񳤽ЩΧ˻ӿ£ǰ񳤽ʱǧٵӰܼĽһ㣬ɱ¡
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ԪϣЩսǶ¶˼ɻ֮ɫֻʮβè֪ʩչʲôȻǿնɱʮ
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ֻǾһȻۿţȻЩ˾ȴû˻ʱ֣УǲҪ׾룬Ϊá
Ǽλ֮սǸмڲġѾر̽飬ڵȴ
ϣҶۺƴĹ֮зӶ
ţԪ˸֮ǻصСϣūһֱСϣֲ뿪
ͻȻ֮䣬۵вһ˿ⲻӺζ
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СѸٵɣಡһʧǿ֮С
ԪϣԪǵĻսȻڼ
۵ĻѾмϡǱԼǿնɱʮͬ׵񣬿Զڷ񹥻ƾ죬۵͸һޱ֮ƣնеİ񳤽ն¡
һն̺һɾȻƥƣһն֮У̺˿˿ʱյƵ
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ԭԲȻҲ㣬ҳϣǵһĶŮˣûܵõܿϧɱǲܵģһ˿֮ɫŭһе޹ħһڰԣȫǺڰ֮У̺Ũʱյ֮
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䡱һеİ񳤽նܵĺڰϣ߾ײĿĵâ¡¡
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ڶƴʱϵϢѸٵţһֱͻƵأͣ
ϵϵţǵөһĹâڵУϵ˿С
۵ϣǳЦһ̣·صǸʱһŮǵһμۡ
Щõ䣬ţһɡ
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̡
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۵ϵһϣԪϣ֪жˣĬĬذĽϵȼԼǵ类һ㡣
غ˶֪ϲۣǽеİĽĵס
һ̣綼ʧȥɫ

ۿŭغУ߶ƾ󣬻ն¡
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ɱ
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޽󷨣
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ĵԱһɿֲΧȫϯ˽ȥ
ܣ˽ȥ˲ɥѪˡ
ĵۣ
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ԶԪЩǴУг˱˸к޾ķŭ
·оĵ۵ȥԪ½ϵ飬Ҳеı֮С
۳ĵۿһۣ˸е̾Ϣһеİ񳤽ٴǧӰն졣
۵ˣ赸ΪԪȼһ˿
ԶЩԸأңԪǵǣЩĬΪ׵ԪЩ񣬵ԪЩ֮ǱԷһϷԪǵĲƸ
û뵽ԪЩķȻ˼ҡ
켶񣬶ĬĬؿţ֪ۺ֮ս˭Ӯ˭ӮԪǵʵǰԪǽΪǰϵ⣬׸


771 ۻħ
ʱһ̾ϢȻشԪǣ̾ϢУмֱмʹҲмַŭ
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һݣʱ˵Ȼ޷ˡ
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Ԫǰÿ¡
ǻܹ棬ǻӵзǳǿģֻǣǻ֮һЩԼԵĹ࿴ǻûκʵǻĳЩطǿͬһ㡣
һ죬죬졭
˶ֹ˲֪ãֱͻȻ˻ȻδּսۺļսҲ˰Ȼʱ
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ꡢY鶼ˣǱ˴ţʶѾеģˣ֪ʱֻвϵսսһֱ̣սΪֹ
һ̣ǺȻһĸоΪҶǱ˴˼ϵһǵҲӡ˱˴˵ĺۼ֮ʱ˴֮Щì϶޹ؽҪˡ
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ǣԸΪħͷ˿˿ħ
֮ǰڸħսʱܹһЩˣħʴͼԼħûܳɹħҪѹȥΪʹʱ̣ħڱ˳

ۻеĳƾ·ܵħӰ죬һƬǵմȾħķɽ籩һЩµ
ƾ˲䱩
ۣ
ʮߣʧ˽֮С
ϵħڲϵǿΪϵ
أأʮأ
۵仯һһ״̬ǹɿ񱩵ϵسţ۳ΪǿĴڡ
ܵǹħӰ죬Ըħ۵彥ʼħ
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˫ĿѪ죬ɢһѪϢаȻǡ
ƾɱ¾֮£Ǳߵǽڽڰˡ
Ƕо͸ǿħħ֮ΪҲҪˣ
񣬾ȻԸʶ䣬ҪħǱ壬նħԪ⣬һϳŽʮǿڿնһѾ޽ӳһǧ׳Ľħնȥ
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ЩԸǣ׷ն֮߰࣬ȫħ֮ۡ
ħۿЦţ̵صҲ
ңħʢ
Ԫ֮ʱЩ֮ʿԪǱħ֮ʱЩ֮ʿԪǣħȴħЦŭ죬ָЩˣЩƨ֮ʿҪɱңɣȻħΣ˭Ԫǣ˭ɱԪұɱ֮
أ
ۻг߶ƾ󣬳Щնȥ
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ڴģɱЩòȻ֮ʿɱԪ֮ˣұز۵Ӻء
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ۻӽնЩӵǣһĨ̵ı֮⣬Զһۡ
۷·о۵Ŀ⣬ͷһЦżۣ㣬ңɱ죡
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ԶЩǱ۵ħ֮һɲû뵽ۻΪħ֮ʵȻǿᡣ
еĳ߸߾еؿԶۡ
һ۳£ۺ춼ɡ
۵дʹ˿类иһ㡣
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۾ؿۣͨѪУλ䡣
ԪǵǱеؿ
ģؿۣ޵ӡ
ټˡۿһˣֿ˿Ԫǵ͵أһĨЦա
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ЩԪǧ꣬еػǶأ֪۽޲ʹ
ΧЩۿţ˽Χм䣬б˸ĮضħƵۣһ¶һǾͻԥһӵϣնɱ
ϵħŨһȻħһ㡣
۵ħԪطλҲˣ𾪲ѣû뵽һСС񣬻ħ֮󣬵ϢѾѷɫˣ
񼶵Ϣݺᣬɱ
ʹر۾һն£ƾ͸һɱ֮ķɽ籩һ㣬ۺڵķ䡣
ηսѷɽУزҽС
ڱûһ̣ȴЦˣЦôá
۵ϳֵ㾧ӨĹΣӰԽԽģɢ˿С
ֻǾЦݣԶС
ԪеһУԪǻȻ̾Ϣһоöɫʥ飬һصӡöʥ֮СƵӰʥ֮֡
谵֮УһСѸٵؽ䡣
ѩ̣Сдһߵŭ
ۿ۱ƾûһ˲·𱻴̴һ㣬־ҵʹϢ
ԴŮۺ֮䣬һֱһԵ㺣ֻ۾ãӣѾ޷κˣһֱѹŶ۵ĸ飬ֱһ̣۲ŷ֣Ѿûˣ
֮䣬ûʲôҵĸ飬ֻһػԪػǧ꣬һͬεָ飬Ѿˮ
һ˲䣬еʹݡ
۵ɨԪǣ۵ʬ壬ĵԱ֮µһƵۣеˮ˲һС
γϣ
ŭ죡


772 ս
۸û꣡ЩˣҪɱˣɱɱɱ״سС壬Щȥ
Ҳһɭѩ̴缺ѩ̵Ҳı֮У˳ȥ
ҶɨԪǣˮ
ԪͻȻôˣģԭܼ򵥣Ԫеص¥Ϣ˳ȥ
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ɱ
Ҷ۵׾ת۾һƬѪ֮ɫϰٵɵƾɣɢĿĹâת
˿̵Ҷڷɫâת罵һ㣬Ȼϣ
ҶС壬һǣԪɱȥ
ԪУЩǿ챻ƾնɱһȫɫ䣬ΨƾĽϣڽڰˣЩսеԪǣԵشһ
ɱ
ҶԪУܵķɵͬһ㣬˷ȥĿ궼ЩַԪǵ
ҶϷһƵɫɫһ㣬˱ԵУʥƺɨ
ҶķɵԼЩǷ׷׻еıмܡ
ۣ
Щ޷赲ҶķɵֱӱɵնϣһѪ߼ɵ˿УһһҶɵնɱһһأѪɺӡ
Ҷɫأŭȼգһ̤䡱һԪǶ˸ķɵ
ಣ
ɵڿлһ⣬ϵո
Ҷ¾ЩʱԶʬϣһڹȻ𣬳ԪӶȥ
Ҷһ׹⡣
ߣûôףҶŭһ͸һ׺ҹ档
ҹ桰ಡһ˹ȥеĸֲǵڹݺݵ¡
䡱һǵڹⱻֲ涤˵ϡ
Ǻڹ֮УӰֲ֣涤ڵϣʹ֮ɫ
ڹ꣬ԭߵģû뵽ȴҶˡ
ҹֽץסſѪһҧȥ

ĲҽУ걻ҹ˺һƬƬһĨ޾ʹͰûڣһ̣ΪʲôҪԪطǾҲѾˡ
ҹһһڵذȥĿ¶Ѫĺâ
걻̣Щŵƨ׷׳񱼡
Ҷûֹͣɱ¾ӳһɵ֣ÿһǷɵһˡ
Ҷǰ꣬͋Y档
Ҷ磬ѩˣʵؿ޺
ҶϣҲ΢΢سʹ֮ǰһǰеʱº͵ЦݣشԺһôͰĳ
Ҷһʹѹ֮Уȡ֮޾ķŭ
һΪֻعģҶɫɭ۵֮⣬кܶ˶
ЩԹ۵ˣ
ЩһҪԪҧһڵˣ

Щˣһ
˶ҪΪۡĵ۵ȥᣡ
Ҷһӣಣһɵ֣˲ִµ
ȻֻأʮصģҲֵס˿̷ŭҶ
صĳҶҪҶɱ
һеնҶֱ֮۶ϡ
ҶϽҫʯʥ͸أصǿķ˳ȥ
ɱɱɱ
ҶԪɱһȦնɱʮȻն𣬳Ԫȥ
Ԫ⣬ۡơ۵ˣ߰ٸΧȻûܣƣƾһǿǵУȭͷɱʮ
нɫ󽣲ϵػӿնɱ߸ΧЩʮصģҲ׿ۡ
񣬲ͣΧħۣۻ˳ȥֱնɱ
ơۡ״񣬴ɱķЩǷ׷˱ᡣ
ôһӵϣơۻ۸Ƕ֣ơۻ۾Ƿһ㣬ȫǲļƣһ˾ͰΪֹǷǵ˼֡
ԪǵǷնɱħħǵɱ⣡һɫսף˫ʮǿ߾ٽָۡŭ
ħһħĸԪǵ˱ɱʱ뵽۵˫Ŀɺ죬ˣµЩҲˣۻòҪЩͳͳΪᣡ
ԪǸ˵ľףǺ£ħǱҪɱǸʮǿ߳
ԪκһˣָֻţҪɱԪǵˣҾɱǣϽɫâ䣬о޽Ǹʮǿ߳ȥ
ִԲ򣡡Ǹʮǿ񶯳򣬳ȥ
ɱ
һնǸʮǿߵĹܲˣȫͬھĴ򷨡
ˣǸʮǿ߿ȫԼĹҪƵسеˣˡ
䡱һһǸʮǿ߿أѪһɱȻؿΧЩ
˭ϵƣЩĺѡ
ơվ۵ߣҶҲշӶ
Χ߰ٸԶԶΧţҿ
ǶɱˣЩԪǵһֱͬҰһ㣬ȫǲҪĴ򷨡
ۡĵһҶۡۻޱߵķŭ֮УĮؿЩ
ǰħǱŹԪǣݹԪˣмɫؽк
Щ޹أ˳ħҪɱһָ۵ħش壡
߰ٸԶԶΧŽȴûһ˸֡
ЦԪ޹أҪǲԪǣԪǵôЩ̰֮ʹԪôӣǾȻ˵޹أŭǵ޹أʣӮˣռԪ½ģǲҲһݣҲ˻ô߽࣬һ˵ʲôħΪǵ˽İˣֱЦҿ͸αˣ
۵ŭܶϻġ
ǿʶмƱ
ҶĿɭػЩ񣬳ĺӰָ֮Щ˵ǲǽʲôش壬Ľ˵ث֣־Ƿ㵽ף
㡭
ãǵܳŵʱ
һһҶ˳ٴսһš
ҶۡƻĸʮأҶأʵԶԶͨʮǿߣ䣬ȭݺᣬħ죬Щһһ飬ѪĽҽ
ĸ˾ĸɱһ㣬ɱųˣձѪѪ׷ɡ


773 ɽӡ
ԪǵϿգ֮ɱ죬ս˰Ȼĳ̶ȡ
ҶɫĹ̵ͬĽɣһȭ̶ÿһȭÿһŶػһ
ҶһĺӰ֮һն磬Ӱɨոһһ
ȫʢһ̫һ㣬֮Ѫɱ
˫һ˫ȭսƷȭȭ⣬Щɱ䵽Ѫ
ۻħƣһɱƾҡ
߰ٸΧסһٶųɱ˲㱻Ҷɱʮ
һϣԪǵħˡ
ɱħħ
ҶɱݵļƣʣЩûֵҲˣ׷źȫ֣Ҫɱˣ
ǵһնɱ⼸֮ͽһʮصǿ߳ȵʮӰһӶҲʮصġ
ʮصǿ߽ݣ֮µĵһˣʱŴǿ߻ԾһЩΣյ򣬱ĹħѪɫı߽شȵȣǧ꣬ս
ղŻսʱһֱʵûг֣µˣҶ˺޼ɵشɱڰͲסˡ
߰ٸо󲿷ֶűʵȥ֣ԲŻľ档
ҶۡƺԽɱԽ£ŭɶµĶʮҶ˳ȥ
ǵ˴ͷʮصǿ߳ǰ棬ЩһۣҲ׷һӵϡ
ϰһ͵˳һ㣬Ҷ˳ȥ
ҶСӣ㣡һĿϻϮˣһֻë裬Ȼľʨ̤һһɫ档
ҶǱ߿һۣʨү
ʨүԴʥҩ֮ӵʥ壬ʵ˴ȵҶ뿪Ԫʱ䣬ΪͻͽأѪеһЩǿط֮ʮǿҲѷɫˡ
֮ǰһսУʨүһֱԱ߱ꡢY飬԰ꡢYʵ᲻䶼˵
ҶսʨүҲڿն𣬼սУΧЩͼΧɱʨүʨүϵϻǳǿ󣬵֮Ķոսӽͱ˿ڻˡ
ʨүѾǿ˷ǳ˵ĳ̶ȣֵסʮǿߵΧϻɱΪϵ͵ʨүսҲǷǳˡ
ݴһǴ˼ս֮ҶԸоѹ˺ܶࡣ
ҶѾɱۣȫܲˡ
ߣҳУǵʵȷʵѾﵽ۷壬Ҫôˣǲܵģһ˫ֽӡһĴɽƾճ֣Ҷѹȥ
ĴɽΪ棬ΡΰߴǧףɽȪ٣뵣ɢɹΣƾˡ

ݽӡΧǶʮǵǷ׷׽һɹ۵ݵӡУɽʱϷŴػֺ׳ۡ
һɼΪǿѹҶʨүѹ
ǣɽӡһڹе񾪺ϳݵطû뵽ݾȻµط
һңֽᷱӡ
ݵĻΧԸǷӦ׷׳֣һɹǰɽ۶ȥ
߰ٸȫ۵һɽȻ
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Ҷ˶ʱо·ǧѹϣжٻ·ҪΪƬһ㡣
ҶСӣɽӡܹ˵ߣʨүë
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ҶһݣҪܵʱǹɿֲѹѾԭԶˣɽ£ÿһξ룬Ҷܵѹͻǿ
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ǲԪǵģǲҲһɱ
˾ʧش󺰣ϳһ˿˿ƣʱᱬ
Ϊɱħǵ˻ΪǸеģȻػӦؼӡ
ǲЩ˺Ȼɫûü꣬Ҳܲ˾޴ѹ
أ
ɽѹ䣬Щһͬѹһһըʵȥˡ
ֻʣҶ۵˻ڿ֧ţǶŭݵˡ
ɨҶˣֻѹȥһβٿӴɽӡҲЩɽѹµٶȼ
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ҶܹԿģǵĹͷˡ֨֨ѵ
ϵȫ͸סɽҪ£ϾҪֲ֧סˡ
ȥΣӣ
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ʵǿжȭһȭһȭسɽȥ
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ÿһΣϿյɽҪһ
ǣƵȭȻ޷ȫɢ
Ҷֻأӵʥ壬Ȼ۷״̬ǿѾǳˡǹѹ֮£ҶоĹϵرѹСʹܡ
ҶȻҧʥԳҶÿҶĹͷѹ飬ѸٵһЩϵϵرѹҶоԼĹܶǿʮ
ڵľǷתҲԽԽǿһɹصӾɢʵҶ֫ǿѹ֮£ҶоȻһ£űʵɱ䡣
˸֪ʥȻİ
ԽǿѹȣʥԽǿ
䡱һһɫϢԱߵʨү
ʨүϻʢȼգɽĵײճһ󶴡
ʨүҲӵʥ壬ǹɾ޴ѹ֮£ʨүͻأﵽؾ硣
ʲôȻʱˣΧЩЩŵؿʨү
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ΣҲضѣҪƿҵɽӡܣݷݵصٿɽӡѹһɸǿҶѹȥ


774 ɱ⣡
Ҷܵѹ֮ǰǿ
䡱һһϢҶҶҲˣأͻƵأΪɣ巺һֽɫĹΣһɹʱյ֮ɽĵײϸѿ
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ݴһ߶ɽӡɫǺ죬ۡһѪϧҲҪҶɱΪһҶɣ
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𣡡ʨүŭһëϵϻԽʢۡһɫ𣬽ɽײճһԻۡ۵˵ѹ
Ȼɽߴǧףϵѹ䣬Ʋ
ʨүԿɽž޴ѹǽڷԿԡıһǿϢŷӵʥʨүٴνףؾ磡
ʱҶǹǿѹ֮£Ҳʹ˻ΪⲻϵؼѹǿѸٵǿһϢΪģءһͷŶ
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⡭Ǳ̬
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˵ԽأԽǵԵ֮ʣʥɱٶԽ죬ʥհ壡
ҶھǷתɽӡѹ̧ۿݣ͸Ȼɱ⡣
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ݵɽӡɱҶʨүۺۣƾ͸ˣƵǿʥĴڣ
ҶĥڵľѸٵţһâϿյɽһȭ
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ʨүϻʢ濾ɽӡơۺ۲ϳȭɽӡϣɽĵײܲɽӶȥ
ȻкڲѣȺʵֲ̫ˣԼʵڲõͷǣ
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ҶһԾɽӡȭÿһȭɽ׺һ󶴣ɢ
ɽӡϵԽԽֻءһ𶯣ɽķѣҶͬͻֱ
ݴڿѪֽ嵹ɶȻش
ɽӡ֮УӰͬȻַһ㣬ϹâҫĿɨΧЩǡ
ɽӡƣҶ˷ǵûˣøǿˣЩΧв˿˿⣬彻ӡ
ôҲû뵽ɽӡɱˣ
зԪߣɱ⣡۵Уϡ
Ҷ˻ӰЩУ֮ǰͨʮصǿ߾ѾκβˣڣǵΪȸղŸһޱǿȫЩǵΧʼ˷ķ
أ
һĲҽһ񱻴˷ˣмƵһȭɱ
ܺʮƷЩǵһθоǵκιҶ˵ϣûҶһ˿˺ۣһߵŰ
ءһҶһȭݵļϣʮصݰҶһȭұ߼ιǶ˳ȥ䣬Ѫ粻ֹ
УʹɫҰף亹ֱҶһ˿η塣
ʵ̫ˣ
Ҷ⻹ֻضѣʮأܹԿһЩλǿˣ
ΧЩǵǿݱˣ׷ΧҪȺŹҶ
Ҷڷһֱ߳һʮǿߵؿڣǸʮǿߵؿ˲˽ȥ߹Ǹѣ÷飬嵹ɶҽжвϿѪڵһϢ
ʥ
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Ķӣǵɱ¾ǵ񣬵Ҹ׹ǺÿԪǣһɫս׵ĿָҶƿڴ
һԪǣ˵ȻˣԪߣɱ⣡۳һһն˲佫Ǹû
Ѫɽ׹䡣
ΧЩеĺⲻϵðԪǵ˼ֱ̫޼ɵˣĶӶɱ
䣬д󽣲ϻ䣬ոһ뵽ѩǰЦݣ絶ʣǰЩ˵к죬޲Щ
ã˾Ը𣿡һ˫ٸ̧°ͣһָ߰۵ŭ
˫Ѫǹһ˿Ц⣬ħһۡһǸŮ˵ʺ
ǸŮŵصۣȥĿ
ǿЦǽԪǣԪɱˣ񾹽Լ˵ܺߣȻǶѾˣҵкξ壡ŭһɨ


775 
Ǳӻħɱô񣬳ⱨӦģһŭӵغȵ
һȭӳǸñ
ֻ֪ûбħ۴ԶԪǵҪɱƵһӦǵҪ;ɣƵЩ
ΧҶ˵ԭܹ߰ٸһٸ֮󣬻ʣٶ࣬һҲˡ
ɫҰףؿҶ·ɱ˲գ۵ħͷǺ⣬Ѿȫûκζ־ˡ
ԪϣЩûսǿһĻҲľû뵽ԪǵǾȻ˰Եô޻֮նɱôˡ
һҲͷƤ飬ҿûвսм˸Ͻ¥ԪǣеΪǷ֮أеǰǡЩطȥˡ
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Щ˵ľսؿ۵ˣʱг˿־塣
ҪɱԪǵˣֻԹ۰
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һȺధ󣬽еĹƵϣҪΪԼѡ
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˽Ȼնɱ֮ˣҶĺӰ֮һɹʱյ֮ӿɱݺᡣ
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ޱȺڣΪʲôҪԪǡ
һǵı£Ȼˣȴû۵˽ɱһһҲˣΨϡ
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Ԫǵļλĵܵݡʲôĵطϣܹһ棬ȻԴҶûкôݿȳѪ
Ǽ˽ǹһ㣬ݵߣǵУҲǾ⡣
ȥǸҶ˵Ķ֣ҶмֱһȺ̬һĴڡ
һ棿ҶɫЦǣ֪»᲻һ棿
ҶĻϻģָۣ粵Ըʶ䣬ħҵѾУǲñӻ
ԪǵˣǲħɲУԪ⵽ʱһԹۣħֺųħ侮ʯѾ͸СˣαӣȻҪشǾҿǾûΪɣҶһֳĺӰ֮һһȥ
ħԵϣһĨм֮ɫҶ߿һۡ
Ҷ˹ݵһĨ֮ɫû뵽Ҷ˾Ȼάһħ
ֻҪǷŹңҿҴ֮ıǳ֮ʯţҶеĺӰ֮ð
ǳ֮ʯҶЦһһһسݱƽǺǮӣϧЩǶϡ
ݸоһһƽͣȴ˿̻ǼҲľսسȥ
ΧֻʣҶˡ
û뵽ҶҪɱȺӣֱ
ݺȻЪ˹ؽкƻ֪ԸңԸλټʮƷǳģ
ݵ쳹Ԫǣɫңֽȭͷ˿˿亹
ݵĻҶһüͷеĺӰ֮նȥ
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ĺӰ֮ĽӰն䣬ۿžҪûȥˣֻءһĺӰ֮ĽӰնһεǽϣǹɾ޴ķӿҶϽշˡ
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λԪǵһսôˣٴȥǶûкôҲԸ֣ǸħأȻʹհɣƮƮ죬תһŮˣУȴһ޵ɱ
ҲҪһħ𣿡Ҷüëһһ
һħվһڲȫɥʧ֮ɣôԪǽһ٣Įص
Ԫǵ飬Լоϣ᲻̫ܵ˵㣿ҶЦŷʡ
һССѣ˵ʱҪԪһǿ߶ûУֻҪҳ֣һһɱ
Ȼλǳ֣ҵȶȻûлĻᣬҪɱԪǵ񣬾ҵҲȻһսִУҶȭͷһǿϢ
ۡƻʨүһս׼ȻףǺܻܿ⼸Ȼη塣ûħ۶ѾǸ빲սѣ۱⼸ɱôԼҲԼ
Ǳħ֣ȻʶҶ۵ϼᶨɫ˸һ̣ǱħϮЩģʶֱ
˿һһԴ˻
񣬹ħִԲɱħҿԷһ·Ҷ֣˶ǸһɺȻϢ˷ӿ˹ҶˣǹϢ֮ǰʩչɽӡҪǿ
Ҷ˶ʱоǱסһ㣬һݵϢС
֣ƻЦЦֻݣԪǵһж޹أ
˵Ŀ⿴ҶˣҶ˵Ϊ񾳴ﵽεǷ켫ĳ̶ȣǻǲһ
Ҷ˵ΪȷʵǿͨλˣǶԵ⣬ʱյ֮ƿأòһǰ㡣
Ĳ࣬ѹΪ


776 ħع飡
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ƻֱݴһֶյлƻˣһصǣл
ϷѣҲӦõġƻЦһȻŵƸó֡
û֮ǣݲ뵽˸ղűҶش飬Թ߲ѣһҪҶ˸ۣ
ؿһҶˣҶҲܶκвˣЦ̶ܳŵʱɱôԸԪǳ֣֮ɱлǿԷŹԪǵ飡
ݵĻۡƻۡʨүŭⲪݵ˾ȻɱԪǵ飿Щ˸ħкηֱ
ޣҶĺӰֱָ֮ݣȻвҪԪǵ飬νĳħǲ֪߳ܣ
ݱҶĺӰ֮ˣĺӰָ֮ŵ鲻Խ˰벽뵽ԼѾҶˣɫѿֱͦ˼ƵؿҶ
ҶмƳһۣգ֪λƻԪȷʵûΪԪǿۣǾʹˡԪȻСȴûث֡һҪ֣ҵȻҲؽԪϣ
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ħƵϣΪǹϢѹֳʹ֮ɫͷһҶۡƺʨүĸҲòȥ
ǿߣȻܹԿģȥ˶
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ˣǽĪ裬ӡϣһӶ޷ϴȥԶ
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۵ĽؾٵԼĲӴؿһԪǣĹ磬ػһӵĵط
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Ԫǣټˡ
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γ֪ЩǸ⼸λĶ֣ܹ˵ĻԸֻԼһҲף˿ܲŵԣǣʱǻбѡ
ƻ֪δЩڰ˵һ㣬ǡ
ݵĳŪʱش
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߷ӹҶǷŭͬһŭ
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ӽҶԪǵһǶ¶˷ŭɫ
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ҶۿǰݣȻ֮䣬ɫ΢䣬ȻӦһǸͨܿǵĴͨصԪǣԪУ
ôܿأǸһȫӳҶԺ
ԭǸȥһĻǵĵطĻϵ֣ȫȻġ
ĻǾȻ˾޴ܹǿ֮дľ޽ǿ߶ܻħ
Ǹ˸Ӧ֮ҶоԼҰһӿ˺ܶࡣ
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ҶħǰѪɫ֮󣬲ϵؾӪһθħ̻ύף⻹ʮϣ˾ĲƸѾսʾţнǧ˴ﵽսʮأѾ˽ıԵ
ҶħڵΪֻսʮأϵһЩħ񽢺Ͷħȴǿƥĳڣ


777 ħɣ
ԭҶ֮ǰǸȥĻǣǸȫħ˵磬ǸܿͱΧǸħԷҲڻ˻صԪǵķ
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Ҷݣ¶һ˿ζЦ⡣
ں
ǲںϣ
˴˽š
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Ҷ̧ͷǰնݣһ˿Ŀ⡣
ӽ쿪ʼ֮䣬ħҶ½綨
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Ҷף쳹񷡣
ޣȻҿڳԣ
ЩԸǿЦţǳŪЩҶ˵ǣҲмЦҶ˵Щɱ֮ˣҲǣ
һ˰ɣ

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мһ֮Ҳ˽ǲ֪ҵҪкͣɱЩˣ
ƻҲЦһȻҶĻϣһصľȻ˵ҪɱˣⲻЦ
֮⣬⻹λԪǸҶĻ޲֮ԱǣǴ˷ΪԪǵĲƸҶɱǣôԸ롢ƻ˵ɣ
ۡơʨүҲм־㵣ǲףΪʲôҶͻȻ˵Ļ
ǺγԪǵǲûôǿʵ
ҶԪǣԪǵͷţȫ棬Ƕôϣܹ˵һ仰Ϊһ仰ǿΪսֻʣһˣ
ҶܵԪϣǺƵս⣬ԪûһǿߣԪǵǣȴһŲģ
սɣ
ҶĿ棬ڷȼܵս⣬ԶԪУһɫ⳯Ҷ߷Ӷ
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ħ񽢣ɣ
һһҾ޴սƾճ֮Уħ񽢸ǧףǧףͨĳֺɫĲƵĽ죬һּ᲻ɴݵĸоħϲһƽ̨һɹɿֲȻϢɢЩƽ̨֮ϣâҫ
һΰĸݣµϣŨصħ
ħƾճ֣ݻԶΧ۵һ׷˳ȥǺȻؿǰҾ޴ħ񽢣ѾȫˡħɢħϢǸоһɷĵĺ⡣
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ţħ񽢣
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ֻмǿߣӵħֶĪĸǿ߳
ɱǣҪǽħ񽢣ͻȻӦȵһޱǿϢһУҶնȥ
ˣҶǹһ˿Ц
ֻħͻȻĿĹǵҶҶĽƾճһ󷨣ಡһҶʧԭءţһһ£ಣۡơʨүۻԪһԪǵһһʧȫħ񽢵С
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ƻĳƾħϣħϴ̡һƣǵƾ޷ħκһ˿˺ۡ
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Ҷ˱ֳ˼ǿǱͬʱħֿɴǿյĶδܻܿΪǵĸ֮
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ǵƾҲ޷ƿħ񽢵Ľ壬֪϶κβҶˡ
Ҷ˶ڹΪû
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۵һǽħ֮ǰһУޱ𺳣ҪϻʹǶҪΪԼء
͸ڵһƽ̨ؿЩһĿɿڴı飬ʱе𾪣ЩҲȥ
ҶѾħںϣʱҶһͷܲħеһУ
Ҷʲô񽢣ۼزʵЩʵĸо
֮⣬ꡢYҲһɻͺ֮ɫ
ҵħԷѪɫģѪɫʦħ񽢣ҶħУҶħѾָƣħװĶħ
һħܻɱ񣬶ħԸһЩλѶȣǶԸλȫû⣬˵Щ񼶵ˡ
Щ̰ɫҶеŭʢȼգԶ֪ڸĵֻг׵ΪԪ󻼣
Ƕħɣ
Ҷзŭر


778 䣡
Ҷһâָһ£ֻꡱħ񽢵Ľϴʮ޴ĺڶʮǺڶл𣬴ħϣħװͬһֻһ㡣
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ͬʱʮħ״ǳĺǳܵȼһɹɺȻħ֮УѸٶܻ۵֮
ħȣʮħȫתһ֮ϣʼ۳һĥ̴ĺɫǺɫУһֲӿ·ܹݻһУ
ħϾҵ˲Щǵע⡣
ħȻǶħţɫһӱò԰ޱȣô£ЩħǴģ򣬶ûмħѪɫǱ߶ħܿؼϣħ䵽
ΪԼˣϸȥȷʵħûд
ŵľǶ׶ħжôǿ
ЩЩɻǺƵؿħϵʮ֪ЩǸʲôõģȻ˵ħۣ֮ȴѴ⼸뵽ħ
ݣǴĿУ֪ħһʲôĴڣħϴŵħʱɫһŰֽһĿ־дð
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ܣûôףҶһһֻһħһ΢ĺɫȻһĥ̰СȻౡһ죬Ǻɫͬһ㣬ٶȿÿ壬еֱȥ
һֻ̣䡱һ죬ɫݣ˾ҵıըֱӱըʬ޴棬߸ŵʮҲȫ䡣
һʱ䣬ѪĽָкص£һʬ嶼Ҳ
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ħ񽢣ֻ֮ǰ˺ɫٴ۳һɫʮħɢƣʮѾ߸߾
ж˿־塣
ܣ

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ֻһ飬С˾Сˣٿݣлʱǻݺҧһڣȫɱ˸ɴ࣡ҶѾɱ˿ԣ˿Ϊϵش߶ħɱ·ˡ
ҶĻƻɫһ䣬Ҷģ㵱Ϊƾһħ񽢾ʱ޶
һħ񽢶ѣȻУɱȴ㹻ˣҶߡ
ħ񽢳֮ħɱһȺһȺ۵˶ٸޱȿ⣬뵽ղһԼеľսȭͷ磬һжҪʵ˵
ûħ񽢣ָôأ˵ᱻĥ
ʱһӰѸٵգҪӳԪǣһͷϽڣƻ
ǣӰոշɵУֻһɫħϷءһ죬ƻϣƻҽһȼȵĻ棬һһ㣬Ԫ׹ȥ
䡱һ̳ƻ׹״½ϣһɽ˻ʹ಻ƴȴûãҽȥһˣ
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䣡
һգһſźɫըڱըĵһ⣬ȫЩըҲðỤ̋׹䣬屻յýһƬ
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779 ۵
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ꡢҶY黥ӵһ£һֽٺϲøУղһս֮ĸѾѷɫˡ
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͸ԪǵʱһԪǻ꿪ǻ֮
һ̣κ˶ԪܵǸλλҲ޷ǻ֮
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Źңҡҿ԰еĲƸ㣡ͣڰУԶħ񽢴ħħĺɫѾȭͷСʱ·ѾܹоľʹУ嶼΢΢ҲûиղſԵơ
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һתҪܣǵٶʵ̫ˣκηӦʱ䣬䡱һоһȵûһ˺ѷεʹƬ֮㻯һһĻţ׹䡣
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ͬʱҶûзŹЩɢӵǿߣħһһֵطɨƬɱ񶼲Ҿһ𣬸ҵ¥С壬Ŀ̫Ƕɢ㵽ԪǸȥˡ
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ǺڰΪʲôҪԪطҶôɱ
ףһ£̣ˮڣ֮еһܶħĹ˺ʯ֮УϵƤⷢ󽹳
䣬ɫ£ǸλɱǵǻҲȫϲˣ


߸
һһɱ
ˣһûҵǾ
Ǹ֪Ҷ겻ѰţħڿطӣħϵطɫʣЩһһɱҽаһƬԪǾǵĵЩǱͷҲˡ
ʣһˣ
ҶüͷղŻɱǼʱԪǻ궼ҶָƫƫʣԪǻһֱûиڵķλ
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ӰԪǻ꣡
ۡ۵˷׷׹
ǻˣ
ǻˣ
ۡۿԪǻ֮󣬶ʱ棬뵽սۺĵ۵ˡ
Ԫǻ꿴˿ۡ۵ˣ͸һ˿Ȱ֮ɫ
ܿˣԪǻȻ̾һƮŽ׵飬ʥിתһůԪʥֱӡۺĵ۵ơϧǻɢµһ˿һɢҲ޷ȡ¸ǴһҲã޷Ȼǣ
ʩչʮβèһļѪطĵʱֱʩչ˽طֻǱɱʣһлĻǻ˵а취ڣۺĵ۽ʣһƣǻҲΪ
ѵû취Ȼ𣿡̧ͷ˸Ԫʥг˾
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ۺһǶĬ
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ǻˣһ󣡡۵ͷȭһ˵ľ֮ɫ
˵ɡƺʲôԪǻһ̾
۳ĬƬ̣ǲ֪Ӻ˵𣬿˵ʱȴǳƽص׷ǻˣػԪѾǧˣΪػԪǣŮսҲҶȥЩҶԹԣԪǵҪңҵĹ磬Ϊ֮ҲԹԡǰһУΪԪǣΪԼһЩ顣


780 ջ
ؿһԪǻеԪʥ飬ֱ뿪һ̣۲ף۶˵ǶôҪȻݣȫɢˣҲ޴Ѱ٣۵ңԪǻ˵пܸۣٶȼһ˿ϣһ̣ػԪδ֪ããǿգ
ħ񽢣۾ãڿԷػԪˡ
ȻֻһȻããǿղ֪δǹ;ҲѾմһҲҪ۸
ϡ·𿴵һǸɴµŮЦȻسԼԭһ̿ʼѾĶˣֻһֱԸ϶ѡ
ѩ̣ԲҵڲסеˮҲֹסʼոϻ䡣
Ԫǻ˵ͷʵ֪Ҫȥ
ҡҡͷҲ֪
ҲãȻ棬յ㣿ʱ򻹻᲻ٻһж޴֪ˡ
ԪǻȰؿۣڿԼĺһ㣬һӡһ˿ƵԪʥ黺Ʈ𣬷ɵ۵ǰ
ۿöԪʥ飬ˮϵ䣬֣ġ
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ĬĬԪǻߵлöԪʥ֮
ʱҲǡͨһ£Ԫǻ㻯ħΥǻ˵Ľ̵ǻԪǣضԪǴһЩ鷳ǻ˰ĵ۵ƽҰɣȻܣ뾡һа취ĵۣ
ûгħҿʼնҵĺӣΪ뿪ԪǡԪǻƽ͵ص£Ϳ͸ȴǲϣЩػԪһ˾įȥ
ǻ˳ȫҧصħݺᣬǻǷǳѣΪԼԪΣ֮С
ðɡԪǻ֪ǿ󲻵ã͵صʱעⱣԼҪԪʱӭ㡣
ص˵ͷӹӡĵƵԪʥ飬Сĵرܺá
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ԪǻңԶֳɫԪǱħϮʱǰǵԮǣԪҲǻ빲Ȼεδظ꣬ɱǾΣˣԻǷһ·ɡ
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Ӽǧ׵ĸ߿£ЩʯħˣվԼٶȣȥ
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ҶʮֻʯħָȨ˰ꡢYˡ
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һ޳µŮˣضϿïܵС
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ֻʯħſԶ߸ߵɽϣϿе
еħҲǷ˹ͣϿȵϿա
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Ȼûй壬Ԫȴûǡ
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˷ܵŸֶӰħϽ֮ȫ£Ѹֵ֮ķַȥ
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ٶǳ谡Ҷһ٣ȴǲɫƬ̵ϲҪǳ衣
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ʱƣҶΪϵţҶ㷢Ѿص۷壬ϾҪˡ
ʵӵеһģһʮصǿ߶ҶĶ֡
ĿʱҶԼԪǻĶƣ·һ׶ĸҥҶڵͣؼš
ҶܸоԪǻĳķʽ
ǻˣһ鲻סҶȻ۾ʵ
ʲôԪǻ鵭ӰҶǰƽ͵ʵ
˭Ҷޱ֣ء
ΪԼֻܿܿмΪͨһΪõһķɵԽԪǣط֣鲢ô򵥡
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ʱƣҶԽԽоܲ򵥣Ǹߣǿ߶޷ǿص¥зɵԭˣһʲôĴڣ
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ڶֲ²⣬ЩΣ뿪Ԫǵʱλ磬ʱҸоǿʮ۷壬˵ص¥ҲûгΪ˵ص¥ڿҲпһַʽˣ
Ҷһ£ƺЩˣһֱΪѾˣʵϹĸж󣿡


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Ҳֻǲ²ѣϾҲ֪ص¥浽׷ʲôԪǻ
ǵֲ²أ
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ԭǸ߽о衣
ϹԱĵطΪʲôҪѡһģһ
ҶԭҪͨԪǻҵ𰸣û뵽ƺ˷ˡ
֪ϹȥҶ̾ص¥йصһУƺ׷ѰȷеĴ𰸡
֪һξ֮ϹҵۣʴˣһڤҲûлԪǻ͵
ڤҶüëһħĻǿʣʸһЩħǿһ
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˵ǳսۺĵսޱ𾪵ǣǰ˸λɱֻһܵǧȫû
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ӳֻ˵߸λɱǧȫûĽȴû˵Ԫϵ׷ʲô顣
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֪Ϣ󣬶ʱĴ׷֣ǵֱɳȥ˴룬Ҳʱʱ֪١
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⣬ħɢϢҲĵۺ쾵𾪲ѣǸоЩħʱܽǺ䡣
ֻĵۺ쾵۵ĵҶսʵУһ¡¡֪λԪΪ£
ҶôˣĵۿսʵɫʵɨԪǣҲ۵˵ӰǲҶ۵ˣȨ
Ҷشһȴǻ
һθߴ׳ն𣬷ӵĵۺ쾵۶棬ңңԣۣԭȵʮھʣۻԪϡ
ۣãΪԪϾʣһǶȥ˺δǲǶѾҶˣ쾵۳ʵ
ͽʲôʸҶŭɶصҪԪеص¥ϢԪô⵽ôΧۺĵôս뵽ɺ֮۵Żĵۺ쾵ۣ۾Ҫ
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ҶĻ˻ĵۺ쾵۵ߣô˵ǶѾԪǣǱĳ裡
ӳǣصԪַ֣֮ԪѾ˷ǣˣҲΪϵǺȻһָо޼ҿɹĹ¶
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ҶҼţһԪǴжģĵۺ쾵ҧгݵص
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ʮֻʯħϵħҲѾ׼ĵۡ쾵۱¥һĵۺ쾵۽¥¥˲ͻᱻ䱬
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ĵۺ쾵һͷҶȻܹʹôȫûҪ۵˱ߣڣԪҲûκһܸҶ⣬۵Ը񣬾սҲᱻ˱ߣΪ˸Ը뿪ġ
뿪ԪǣǾԪܵħвֱ죬ղǻͶǣڣԪǿʢ߸λǧܸɵѾע⵽ʮǿޱȵĶħ
˿̣ЩˣԪǣض䵽ⷬȵľء
ԶһӰԪǻꡣ
߰ɣػԪҲǧˣΪԪ˲СĹףβɥӽ쿪ʼԪ޹ϸ𣡡Ԫǻ국صŻĵۺ쾵۵һ˿
ԭػԪǵʮߵߣսʣһˡ
ǻˣĵۺ쾵ۿǻ̲֮סͨһ£뿪ԪǲǱѣʱԸΪԪǶսǻԭǣ
ǶΣ֮ʱԪǣҽԪǣԺҲԪǵˣԪǻƽ޲Į߹
ǻ仰֮󣬻ĵۺ쾵ͻȻопģǲȥˣԪҲܻˣǽҪȥδӣ
ȻԪǻ궼ԸˣкԪǣ
ǻ˱أ
ĵۺ쾵֪޿أͷһԪǣȷʵΪеĵӶԪûǶԪǻǻģԭΪͶԪΣѣܹ֣ʱ۵ˣҪмǡ
ֱǲŷ֣Ǵ̫ˣǸԪǵģҲΪһεıѣ޷صĹ
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˰ɡԪǻ국һЦ󲿷ǻԽǻþԶԸԽǵĮԪǻԽǻþԶԸ鿴ԽأҲǻеˡ
ĵۡ쾵뿪֮ҶջĿ⣬е˼룬ȻڼҵؽţҶЩˣԽã֮侭ͻ᲻һͬ뷨ľ޷㶨
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ҶĿпĬĬת쳽صķŬӦеʱյ֮
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ҶתطҶֳܻ˾ſž޴壬Щ֣ӴޱȣҶתţе齵
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Ԫǻ국һЦû˵ʲôӰнȥ
ʱƣҶȻڲϵؾţΪоڲϵţ껯һҹ棬Ǹͨڵҹ棬Ҳǹһ
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Ҫ֪ڲ֮ǰԪǻֻһֻʮСѣԪǼΪӣԪôǿǻĵۺ쾵۾ͲᱳԪͶˡ
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ģһ˵ĸ֮߰ɫȻԪٶôԪûУǶȻǵģһŭԪǱضѪɺӣ
ģҶüëһһɱ
ĵۺ쾵ͽǲܻԪˣֺʵ
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ȥǣʲôоԾаԾ衣
Ҫǵ¥¥Ҳһ°ɣҶһ


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ɱģҲࡣҶƽ˵
㡭ˣԲĹģ̤ƽԪǣԪǴݲɫشҶҰĻ˵ڣѾף϶߲ˣ
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ҶףԪǺ֮䣬Ѿȫ޷ˣһλҶﻹЩ֪ħܷܲЧá
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ҶһɾҪʮأõص¥ڰ˲һֲƸ֪ܻܲһսףֻҪӵսףԸλҲ˱ıǮ
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ҶʱһӰӵսʵҶǱ߿һۣС΢΢һЦС׵ܵһ㡣
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ҶڶûʱСˣСҶˡСƵؾ˾ҶꡢY顢̨籵ȣһҲʼչ
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ߵĻҶԾŴͣδҲ̫ˣû뵽ѪȻߵĵӣ
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û뵽ҲнգѪͽŭһħݺᣬһɹǿħçűȥ
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һѪɫӰͻأس˲çűϷ֮УѪ˭
ҶֱûѪûôһֱǱڲçű֮УΪηҶԺеķɵʼղҳҶҪȲçű䵽֮ٶˣû뵽ȴǱ߸ˡ
ʦּˣû뵽˼ҵڻţѪ԰׵ϴһ˿ЦЦʵΪģȻΪѾ۷徳磬ߵΪҲ۷壬ʮƪħǳԵ
ѣӦˬ߻ȻƽʱӽȻͬŭеѪưҷӡ˻ʱ飬û뵽Ҳ˱˵İ㣬û
ʦʵӦǵˣ㲻ϽʮƪħڸңҲŻӡʱ顣㱻ӡʱ֮ǿϰħڸңܣҲѪɫȻصѪħһܽʮƪħ󣬵ʱưһ˼Ҳٹޣ
ĹƨŭѪȻʮƪħŭüëʮƪħκ˶ģΪʦҲΪ֮ᱬֹģû뵽ôĶ


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ѪƾǾᳯȥЦڸңô֪ûжֽţ
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ǰһУӦãν̿ɻɻѹŻᱳõܻᰵɱԼӣˣӦûϣҶվһԣѪЦ
ʲôһѣҲҳЦҸ߹Ѫħһ壡ѪɫˮȻֻʣһƻǣһ࣬ҲָֻţҲɱ㣡
ѪٿȻһצҶץһѪ֮Ҷ
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ħӰçűͻʱҲڲϵضײţʱȻһçűȻһβģçű֮ʱСĲ£Ե˺ܶࡣ
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һХǾħĿУһ޴УƬط·תħսеһѪɫӰȫ˾ħС
һĻѪ𲻽ɫ䣬оϵѸٵţǾħ˽ȥ
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Ѫͣ˻ħÿһ˵һ޴ĥʹذţʦҴˣ˼ҷŹң
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Ѫ˻ڣǾԲܵģ˵֮ʣѪͻȻˡ
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Ѫûע⣬ءһħѪнʣѪӿѾˡ
ۡһѪؽ˽ȥ
ϲģħˣΪʲôҪúˣǿЦ֮㣬Ϊضʰ⼸С飡ѪЦ
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Ѫ㵵ط֣ԼڵɿƵزçűѪеѪˮҲԽԽ٣ԽԽϡ
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һŨҵѪ֮羪κһ㣬ҪҶûѪٶ̫ˣҶѡ
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СԶһǿĳƷ˳ȥȻһЩˣҿ޴󰭡
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ѪĻһҶֽƬǹúɳȥܵĴˣӰã֣ƺʱš
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гܹ򵽵ǿūͣҲ񼶱ˣһǿߺٻгϡ㶼ӵһƬԼأ˭Ըū
̫ϡˣһЩսϣһҲѡԾһЩеλˣôױ˿ơһг򲻵ǿߵģУ۸Ҳ󵽾˵ĳ̶ȡ
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ʱһֲĺɫֱ䡱һĻȻֹںɫ֮бȼմʬ޴档
ۼԼĶǰɱȻЩ鴤ȴ˿ûбߵļֻǶħ񽢹֣̬쳣ص֪λǿߣкιɣѾɱôսʣǼʲô֮Ҳºԭǵ֮


796 룡
㲻ҰɣԪǵҶղɱӣȻãҰծˣҶŪشЦ˱ģΪħǸǿߣӱɱˣȻҲˣǺ޹
ҶףԱݣǻҲ˵ģ̹̹ظһ
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䡱һը죬羪֮ףǶ֮溣졣
ɫĹϣŰɫǺ֮˾͵˳ȥۡؿºѪð̣Ƴ˽̿Ҳ̶á
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ȴʱҶ̲صǻ˱ɣллͣ
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ҶٴƵشǻˣҪٳˣԱǺҲһգ۵Ĺأˣ˵ٻأ˵ʱħڲͣغĲݵӡ
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ǣǻ걾ûսֱø̿һ޻֮
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侲һ㣬Ҷ仰ʱǳɫŭΪҲԱǺˣӸƴˣǻһԳݣ˿ȴһ˴ֿڡ


798 ե
ǻˣǧҪ侲
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˿Ҷħ֮УͳȥƴˣǻȶڣͲ˵㰲Ļǵòͣش̼
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ǣǸʲôϳһ£뵽Ǹһ֮ѹԪǵﲻ𼸷ֺ⡣
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799 ټ飡
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ȻˣˣΪǸĿ˵Сһɣǹһ˿ЦûޣѾǱˣ
Ǹٸû壬ǣЩûҲϽˣҿЩĴܷͨ㣬ҲܻȡԴ
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Ҷħ񽢣ʻڿտž֮УԶȺ˸Щ˸岻֪ߵжԶеĳħ񽢼ʮ궼δִܹ
ħѪɫЩӴĳÿһӵޱĹͼǿԪʵ̫΢ˣ֮䷢ս㷢ʲô飬ԪǱпܻҷ
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ҲЩ֮ս֮ǰԪһսҶҲ٣ɱ˺ֱܶϵ͵ϵӣ˵ʲôԨ棬ƾħ񽢻ˣ
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Ҷüͷ΢壬ħ񽢻ͣ¥ɨȥ
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飬û뵽㻹ңҶȵյܿǵʱͬҶѾǸ񺣾СëˣʱҶΪٶȿþˣѾԶԶ˦˺档
ȴǵȻһЦû뵽Ϊô죬ӵħ񽢺ħֱԪǻ꿴㲻ûԭġ㣬һ
ʲôҶһ
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ӦҲˣҲˣǻ֮Ϊս˽Ϊ࣬ΪʲôҪһ֮£ӦԼδǱǻūۣһ˿ȵɫ·𿴵˵δ
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ҶƽţȷʵоԪǻꡢܿǻ꣬ǻ겢ô߹ʥԪǻꡢܿǻ֣ȷʵֵػǻأжǻǺõģжǻǻְࣿ
ҶĬҶ˼ЩҡӼ˵Ϊ壬ˣȫǻƿأһжɼֱ̤ܿǣӴãã֮󣬲׹ħвǻǣ
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Ҷ磬أжԹԹԪǻܿǻжұز𱨣Ҷᶨص
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һ̣ҶЩɻˣȷʵԪǻҪƭʵ̫ˡ
Ҷϸǰ֣ԪǻƭʲôֻҪҶܹȷԪǻԼûжǾ㹻ˣҶϣȷʵһЩǻ˽ʲôöӦòԪǻܿǻꡣ
ҶȻԼжϣˣҲֻϵù
⻹һ㣬ǻ괴ģ󲿷඼ǻԸ񣬵ȻҲ⣬һЩǻӰܷӦǻԸġ
ۡۡۡۡĵۡۡۡ᯵ۣһˣΪԪǣѣܹһȺ˵ǻ꣬䱾Կ϶ҲǱԪǵĻĵۺ쾵ۣҲǵԪǣֻػԪǵķ˰ˡ
֣ǻʲôˣ͵ʲô
뵽Ҷ̹Ȼࡣ
ô˵ҶᱳԪǻ꣬ҲħģҶص
֪ô˵㡣ҪףƾһԪ赲ħģħսУǲڻҶѣֻħͷӣһħ٣˵һССԪǣҲҷ𣡡ǵŵ⡣
ҶüëһصҲʲôħħֻ֪˽ԪǣұɱƬײ⼸ڣħᵽһЩǵħҶڸֱħ
ҲףʱƬħȫۼԪǣҲ޷ԪǺܿǹݣ
Ȼ㲻ԪǵģҾͷ뿪ȥӣñң׷ĪҶɨһ񣬴߶ħ񽢴¥ԱӹԪǡ
ħʧҰ˲·˼֣Ȼ̾Ϣһ
֪Ҷħ񽢻жħĶҶɳٶҲ̫ˣٶȣֱȵڶеһЩˣ
شԭǲԪǵģԪǾͭǽһ㣬ôýȥֻĵصȴʱˡ
¥뿪ԪǸԶȥಡһʧ֮С
Ҷͷʧ¥һۣüͷ˼ţЩħǲԪǣȻˣǾԪǿ˱Ϊֹ


800 Ϲ֣
Ԫǡ
Ѫɫ֮Ļƽ·Ӫ֮кܶҶ˱æˣеĴںУɹѪɫϡȱĶͬʱѪɫǱϧ֮ŵȥƸԴԴϵؽˡ
ѪɫǱߣͨ¿յһЩϵʮħҲȫ˹ҶҪһħǵĵλ˵¿ѾڰæǢ̸ˣܹӵһħ˵ǸλλԪǣҲ
ʮħҶԪǺܿǵĸЩħݵļֻ֮ҪǵλԪǶܸǡ
Ҷ棬Ҷڲݵϣ̧ͷ޾ǿգǹ財
ۡۡơҶɵ˶Ѿãã棬ҲҪǰ֮дˣ
Ŀ⳯ԶȥҶƻԻͣһϤӰ䡣
ǾҶһֱػˡ
뵽Ҫ뿪̨ꡢ͋YˣҶ˸УȻҶҲ뻯ǣǵĿǰΪֹҶԺеʶûȫںϣǻȰ룬ҶҲˡ
һĸǻ˵һһʶΣˡ
ǶϣããҲ̫ΣˣҶԸðķա
ǰĻҶ϶һݳ֣еĵһĿǽǿ֯ˣ
Ҷ̧ͷյʱͻȻоԶĲݴһصϢϢƮ첻ȴΪǿ
˭Ҷһ˲͸Ϣ˹ȥ
Ϣûжܵ˼Ƭֻ֮һ޳Ӱ˾ҶԶ
㣡Է֮Ҷһ£ǰһſݳǰ˲Ϲ˭
ңϹ΢΢һЦݵ
Ϲһɫۣ޳ݿ㣬͸һ˵ĸ߹֮ҶܸоϹϢ֮ǰǿ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ͸Ϲ󵽵ʲôˡ
ȥĻǣҶѯʵϸɨϹȷǰȷʵϹûŷ
Ϲ΢΢ףһҪһ
˾ĸ̣ҶȻصӻۿռó˾ĸ̣ݸϹҪģ
㲻Ҫʲô𣿡Ϲһ˿ɫҶʵû뵽Ҷôˬ졣
Ҫ˾ĸĵҶЦ
ϹؿһҶһ˾ĸעһ˿Ƭֻ֮˾ĸ̹⻪ţһɫ˾ĸΪģɢ˳ȥ
ֻ˾ĸ֮УһƻŶΧ׸ߵУһ㣬Щһֻֻөһϸȥȴһͼ
ǳرԪڵص¥֮УԪǻһֱƺΪǻ˶ĿʵͨǻǴģʲôıҲǲϹһָֻȺ֮УһİߵָһƬħѪɫԪѪɫı߽ش
ͼҶܱ߼߽ش״˴µ˽⡣
˾ĸļֵͼһЩҶá׼ǰѪɫϹҶ΢ЦںڵĻҿ԰˾ĸ̻㡣
Ҷҡҡͷﲻ֮Ҹѣ
ҶĻϹЦһ˵֮ɫͷû뵽ϹҲһѡѣˣǧΨһһѣ
ϹĻҶҲ΢΢һЦҲΪ죬Ȼ֪Ϲ󵽵ǺҶ϶Ϲ˻ǲġмҶ뿪ѯϹʵݣסˣȻѾˣֺαطҪ׷ϹĹȥ
ǧꡱҶвǲȵģϹѾ˺ܾá
⣬ҶһЩɻĪ֮ǰϹһѶûУϹΪ˶ǿѣ
ҪˣϹ󵭵һЦ
ϹҪߣδҲ̫żһ㡣
ʲô㣿Ҷʵ
׼ǰѪɫҪѪɫϹҶ֣صص
Ҷ΢΢ͷȥħ֮ǣһħ۵ˣһ˴ǣԺĵǲ
ҶûѯϹĿģϹΪˡ
ǾͶлˣϹЦһһҶټˣ֮߳ʱ
ȻҶ֪ϹҪʲôȷϹͼȻСȻϹô˵Ҳ
ãֵ֮߳ʱҶҲǺɵص
ֵܣϹƺһЦΪĵصֵܣټ
ϹӰȥƬ֮ټ
Ҷ΢ϹҲ֪ʲôطȻѾ޴׷ѰϹʵȫѷɫԼҪǿöࡣ
ҶףϹڱֳʵҪһЩӣʵϹڹѹΪʵԶԶֹ
Ϲײβ֪´ʲôʱˡ
ϹĲǺʵ㵽Ѫɫ϶ҲܾӪԼҶ뵽ʱϹСˡ
ҶѾһЩ
ݴУʱش
ʱ仺š
һζǳϤС
ҶСܵܣЩʲôأȻҶҲࡣ
ͷȥֻë䣬鶯һ˵֮ɫϷһ˿ʰĹ󣬺͸ʤա
˿̵һķɫȹ͹µĹյ߱¶ڿúܵͣǰһԷΰԼɼէй˲ҡҷ
ǳȹȸһ޳ֱȣӨӨ󣬸һĪ˵ζ
ҶЦҲ̫ջˣ֮ǰΪԪǵĴ޷һ˼֮飬пеʱˡ
СܵܣҸСӺòãȻҶĶʪů紵ҶĲϣҶԳ֡
ʱ䣬ҿҪ뿪ԪǣȥһԶĵطҶ΢Щ˸еص
ҪȥµģΪŮˣԸԪϵһӣʲô˵ˣúõذɣҶૣ֮У飬ϡ˸
ȻȻ󣬵ҶΨһһˣӶ½ҶɽһοʼıǣϵҶһ˵ϡ˺ۣӹŹ˻ӸлϲԣܹӵǰһС
ұ֤ȥ֮ò˶þͻģҶϧرס顣
һʱ䣬ޡ


801 뿪
˿̣Զ˶ţǺһĻ糺һƬ꾫
ĻYһЦҿǴֻ麨ʱɬѣ꣬Ҷ综빲˵Сһɰĺӣѵ㲻Ҫ𣿡
˾죬ߺߵصҶ綼ѾˣҲŲҪСأ
YЦһŰ֪꣬겻˵
뵽ղҶ˵ҪǰԶĵطֲЩ˸С
֪ģķ꣬ѾǰҪǿܶˡ
ЩʲôҲ˺档
һԺ嫵˺棬ǽµĴرҲ޷ˣһӵиߵǻ۵ȺҲһЩǻΪʲô࣬ͬʱԭˡ
Ҳֻǻ꣬Ԫǻ֣ܹ
Ԫͣ˽£Ҷ̨顢껹ЋYʱʱҲСĴˣ֮֡
ƿƽ·֮󣬲ƸԴԴϵԪǣһЩǮ룬Ҷϵعħ⻹һЩ֮Ĵֻ
ԪǸǰʱѾȫһˣ񼶵ǿߣжһǧˣսʸͻ֮
ԪǵĶ½޽һۿڣǧ¥񽢶ʮҡ
ۿԱߴһʵĳɫǶħһɹǿɢԪǡ
¥񽢲ϵؽţҶǲľµµΪǴһЩǿ֮УһЩ彨׸Ʒ
Χĸλǹƣ˭ҪԪǣǸԡ
ҶɱôλһЩԭѾҪ˽ԪˣЩλŻһֶ˻ȥ
ٺԪǸܱļ忪ʼóЩ˵ִԪ֮󣬷һĶħһľҪ֮ǰû̽óȻԪǣǵĽ־ͱˣ϶ħʣ
ȻһЩǼǺԪǣһʱ䶼κεľٶˡ
ԪǲϵشѪɫ˸Ʒ壬гΪóĵļ
ÿӸԪǵ¥ǧ֮࣬ԪǵģĴ澴ηΪǿԸоԪǵķ١ôλ̬ΪԪǳЩ붯Ԫǵˣϸһˡ
ѪɫǱߣħۡ»¿յ˵ŬҶҪһħڱ͵Ԫǡ
һߴǧ׵ĺɫȶħֹһκĵǳķǳ࣬ȻҲǼֲġ
ΪԪǵħܹЧתҶڻǳĺǳ裬ѾЩħ߶ˡ
˻ƽ·֮ԪǵĲƸ춼Լٶ
ҶҪҪһЩħħ֮Ķȥһħ񽢣Եֵϼڵף֮ҶǷˡ
Ͼħħֶʵ̫ˣû㹻ʵ֮ǰǲҪðȻΪá
ԪȲչħȫҲ㹻ıϡ
ڵ˸ʱ̡
ҶǾۼҶأҶ
Ҷ׼ħ뿪ˣҶ뵽˵꣬ΪҶұķչͰΣ̤ǰ۶ó̡
ҶСӣҸһȥȻ᲻ҵСĸʨǣһ˳ȥҲ̫Σˣʨү˦˦ŨܵëˬһЦ
ҶʨүĻЩж̧ͷȥֻԱһȺСĸʨΧʨүתһરµ
ȺСĸʨϰֻ֮࣬мֻСĸʨѾУҶЦʲôʱʨүѾӴĺ󹬣
ʨү̧ͷǿգּᶨصҵ룬ϻʨһĻԻͣǺ嫵棡
ʨүһı飬ҶΪʨүһʲô˼û뵽ðһ仰
⡭Ǹΰ룡
ҶĿתҶҶսˡ
ӣ⣬һҪԼҶս쵣ǵؿҶļ
ҶҲΪ˸УҶ̤ҶɽȵһǱѾףҶǳ֮ᱻһСط
ֻǰǾҶɽǸСطڣҰ֮ǷԪҲһѡ
ţף幫Ƿģ棬ֻ۸˵ķݣ۸ͷϵģҶˬʵЦһǿҵţҲʱԳħܻ
ҶĻҶҶս˲ЦЦҲ˲١
ҶĿֿԱߵС죬С챧
С쿩ЦӶֺС֣סҶԴ
ȻһСޣǳҶӡԺ
ҶſɰС죬Ա΢Ц׿˴Լ̨籣޾ĸм
ǵǫ́һЦ
ţҶ˵ͷӵħ񽢣ҶҪһͷҲڰڸϻ˸б㵭˺ܶࡣ
ҶټY˻СֵУ˶Ҷ
Ա߿ȥҲۿᣬӱ
ҶǶҶָ
֪ȥҶ𣬿ǾҶأҲҲ꣬ҶãҲûȵ֡
֪ҶҪ뿪Զˡ
Ҷ̾ϢһʵڵȲˣ˶ӦþͻģҶԱߵʨүʨү߰ɣ
֣ʨүЩСĸʨ˻צӣħ񽢡
ҶҲӽħ֮С
ħ񽢻գҶǵĸУʱմ󣬡ಡһʧ֮С
ħ֮Ҷʩչһ͵컻ط仯һòһͨӡ
ҶСӣһΣѾһЩ뷨ҪȥʨүȤؿҶʵ
׼ͷ棬ȥƣҶӴһ֯Ҫ˽Ǿʹ˿ʼɣ
һγţҶ˺ü¥˺üռǬ֮䣬ԼѪıʯָ˴ħǳġǳȣкսסս׺͸ָ߼ս
˵ĳЩǿߣҲδܹҶôǮ
Щ֮⣬Ҷʮصū͡
ˣе˼ڵΪ̫ˣǣʨүüҪûǻİʵ̫ˡ
ȻҪﵽǳѣûлᣡҶֻ֪е壬űҪǻİ²ӵʥ壬൱ڵһֻҪܹڼܿԼͻƵ


802 ʥأ
ڼʨүצԴһգ֪ڷΪҪôأ
ҷʥһԣʥǱһЩطǲģһԽսԽǿһΣͻǿһΣҶص
ʨүͻȻ뵽ʲôȻһô
ʨүһҶٺһЦһȡӡӡǵӡȥˣħ񽢣ͽǿɣҶһԱߵū͡
ʨүѾҶҪʲôˣһĲԸѡ
ֲŰҶһȥ˰ɣҲȥˣʨүƵشС
ʨүҪţֻģҶЦһӡӡʨү˸ӡռ֮С
ӡռ
սӡռ䣬Ҷȭͷʨүһȭȥءһʨү˳ȥ˸ӡĽϣʱʹʨүֱС
ҶСӣµҲ̫˰ɣʨүص
ڸӡ棬ʨүڵôңʲôҶһЦʨүһøǿģ
ҶСӣǳıʨүҸƴˣʨүţ𣬻צҶؿץȥ
̧ͷʨүҶ۾սܡ
ãҶʨүĹܣءһؿڰʨүһȻץסʨүǰצһˤ䡱һ죬ʨүҶץס֮ݺݵ˵ϡ
ҶͷȥؿǱʨү˵ļ߹ǣۿüٶȸԭš
ԭ֮֮ǰǿô֡
Ȼʥ壡
ĥµԽ࣬Խǿ
ʨү˦߻أϹͷҲǶ˼ΪҲʥ壬Ҳڷɿػָš
𣡡ʨүŭһһءһҶײ˳ȥ
˾Ƿһ㣬һеشһš
ϵر˺飬ָٱ˺飬ٻָ
ӡռУѪĽ֮Ľɱս룬˵ϢҲԽսԽǿ
һ졢졢졭
ʱĵš
ҶоȻ֮ǰʮأΪѾʮص۷壬Ҳ͸ʱյưıԵͲһˣʵҶûдﵽǿ̶ȡ
ŸʨүϵսҶоԼҲڲϵǿڴﵽһٽ㡣
ǿȼĻλԿˣ
Ȼսʱ屻˺ѷʹһַ˵ĥǰ֮ʵǿ˷뼤ҶоѪȡ
ǿҶһֱᶨֻӵһǿ֮ģһ;ߵøԶ
һһʨսʮҹֱû찵ء
ֱһūڸӡռ˵Ҷʨүֹͣս
ˣѾԪˣǰн죬˵ܲʥˣһ˴Ҷ
ٹҪʥˣ֪˵еʥһʲôĵط
ͼϿʥزָһ壬ʮɵģλΧת
֪ʥػһʲôľ
Ҷ˼֮ʣͻȻһ˿ϤϢ
Ҷһɨħ񽢺󷽲ֿ֮Уһöɫš
ȻԻñ飡
Իñôѵ͵͵ħ
ҶĸоȣѸٵħ񽢣ȴҲڣĪǰ˿Իñ棿
Ҷһʨүһӡռг㣬Իñ鳯Ư˹
ҶץסԻñ飬Ҫ͸Իñ棬ҵڡ
ҶЩɻǣʮصΪȻ޷͸öԻñ飬öԻñ鵽ʲôĴڣҶЩ档
ãҲԻñ洫ʲôҶҲ֪굽ڲԻñ档
ˣɡ
˵ǲԻñ˵ġ
ҶԻñսӡӡ֮С
ҶСӣСèҲˣʨүҶգգۣЦȻոҶһܣȥҲȷȷʵʵоԼʵû
Ҳ֪ҶЦ̯̯֣ѹ֪ԻñΪʲôħ棬ǰͣƬ̣Ȼ󻻳񽢰ɡ
ʨү룬ͷħȷʵ̫ҡˣ񽢾ûʲôˡ
ħͣһŻߵϣҶ֮佫ħóһ񽢣˶ȥ
ǿ֮дţͼָʾʥѾڲԶˡ
һƬܼСǴȻԶվͷһʥصķнš
Ҷʨүū϶¶𾪵ɫǲһͨǰķֻޣ
⻹ҶһοɻᶯĻޣֻǰֻһſһ޴ЩȻǰһ۳һС
԰Ƶ¥ųĶзţȻÿһ¥񽢶ϣǵȣһȺվһֻ¡
ǶǴ磬Իʮϰ¥
ҿǲġ
֮ǰҶĹޣֻһ߾ʬѣ񿴵ģ𺳳̶ԶԶ޵ʬܹġ
ֻҲ֪еĸȺͨһͭɫ·ȫɽɣͷϳһԼ޴ļǡ
ĹЩʬ壬ͫ׶Ѿʧȥɫʣֻ޵ͫǽɫģֻǱ߿һۣ͸оһǿҵոУҪȼճɻҽһ㡣
ǿޣֻǿôһۣҶоָλǰֱͬһ㡣
λ۷弶ǿߣҶͲ֪ˡ
ֻǿлطţ֪Щٶȷʱܹﵽʲôٶȡ
Ҷע⵽ֻ޵һɼǵ˺ۣǱĳ޴ն˵ģͿĨ˲ٰɫҩ֮Ķ˿ӦǸձնûá
˿ڳǧףҲϰף޵ļ粿ʿ˿ڸѪһƬ֮ɫ
Ҷľʲôôһ˿ڣ
֮ǰĹʱҶ˵˵ļλǿߴֻ޻µľһȥħռ֮ˣ֪޹
ֻϵ˿ڿһսӦòɣ޶նˡ
ԹԣҶСӣЩһӦþǴ˵еްɣʨүһզ
ûҶͷ
һϵһëѹһˣʨүҡͷβ̾ҲޱȣȻ˵ϻʨһһЩǳϵǿڣҲֻǴ˵ѣʨүŹ޵Ĵ⻹ǵһμޡ
Ҷ˵ԶԶظǰǺƺƵĴ󲿶ӣнţңԶǰ˵еʥѾǵ֮С


803 ֮Դ
һƬǿƺбŨԽǿԽһ̩ͨĸоƬǿ϶ܹΪ
мһž޴壬ԪǵļʮֹӴǰҲԵýС
ʮŽСΧתţÿһ϶źƣ֮Ŀ϶֮Уһ¥صشţȻҲһЩС塣
֮⣬֮仹ƯһṹĽҲ֪ЩʲôģһЩĹܣмϣһ̻Ի͵Ľɫɫףֺ׳ۣƣһѰ֮С
Ǵ˵еʥˣ
ĵطԱΪģ
ֻԶԶͣˣǾôƯ֮Уһֻ˯ˣ۾
԰Ƶ¥Ǽǰʥ֮С
ҶҲؿ˹ȥ֪費Ҫͨƾ֤֮ĶҶ񽢲ûܵ˳ͣһϡΪҶǱ߲ûж¥һЩ߼һ̤񽢡
ЩܹǵģӦöʥؼݵλˡ
ʥصķǳҶ
򵽵жٸٸ壬޷ͳƣʱᵽΪＸģ
ֽ׶ǳʢǺиȫ޷ġ
ｻ׵Ķ󲿷ֶܸ߶ˡ
¥񽢡̤񽢣ĳЩ۷̣顢׽޵ȵȡ
ҲһЩڶ̣ǴһЩûĵڶģȻĺ֣֮Ǿûеġ
ҲиּսסĳЩ͵ʱ֮󣬸ħһӵʮǿ
ﻹоĲչݵȵȣӦеģＸȫС
ūΪʢÿ춼ǧ񼶵ū
ޱߣսЩʧȥ˼԰񣬾ֻܱūߡ
ӶӪ㹻ǮĻĴֶܹӶõܹӶһֻޣ
һޣʵѾܹﵽλλˣ
Ըĸǣڴ˴ͣǻӽߡ
ĸкͷԶԶѪɫĻǣٸĻǵĲƸҲ޷ʥᲢۡ
Ƿȥֱ׵ġʴֱһֱ쵽֮УǡĶˣ޴Ӱλǿķ࣬
ǿߣʥصĴߡ
Ƕǰʮǿߣֱǵһ塢ھź͵ʮʥصͷ
Ҷ񽢻ͣһŸǵһۿڣҶ¥񽢶ͣڴ˴ġ
ʨүϹһûҶ󱳵
ͣȺҶ˳ȥһ䡱ǰ濴ȥֻһ߶ʮ׵ľ˳Ҷ˹
˷ͷϰ¶һ׳˶ļ⣬Ƴһ񽢣ͳص񽢵ͣһһ£һ°һȡ
飿Ҷһ£ʲô飿
û֮ԴǸƳҶһۣû֮ԴߣҿԴȥһħǳĶԶһ֮Դ
ҹȥɡҶͷ֪֮ԴʲôĪʥؽףҪʹ֮Դ
ҶĻǸһ˿ϲɫ̬ص
ǸһߴҶǰߣһ߽ܵһһǳ֮ʯԶһʮ֮Դȫгۻ㡣
Ҷ΢΢ףһֱ߽һ֮Укܶڶһ֮Դ
ܶŻ󣬵ǿʽأҲͬȫԸġ
ҶɨЩ˶һ֮Դ־һƻƵָ׸ǴСľʯѣȫûκô
ȻҪһǳ֮ʯܶһʮ֮Դ
ǿӰ
ǳ֮ʯȻôϡУںܶ϶ܹɼҲ۵˳̶ȡ
֮ԴλʥϷֵģֻУ֮Դϱӳӡκ˶޷α죬뵽ʥأ֮ԴףǸ˼Ҷǵһʥأ͵
˵ĻҶüëһλǿǺֶΣһЩȫõ֮Դʹ滻֮ĲƸֻΪʥｻκζҪʹ֮ԴǾͿԴԴϵȡǳ֮ʯ
һ֮ԴҪʥػУߴ֮ԴĵطЩ֮Դһõ
ҶǮӵ˻ƽ·ʥǮû١
Ҫһ֮Դһ߳Ҷѯʵĳͨƣֻͷ೤һֻ۾
ȶһɡҶص׼ʥشһõģҵ֮Դû
٣Ǹ˻ΪԼˣЩŵؿҶͷĵֻ۾ɵرͨ˵ʥأһǧѾǳˣҶȻһھҪһ
֮ԴҶֻ˵һ顣
ǱǹңǸ˼˵ˣ̬üΪҶӭһҡ
ǸҶľɵɵؿҶˮરµ֮ԴһǮ
ܹ0.1Ҳǧ֮ԴѾֵܺˣ︺𿴹Щ¥񽢣һ²õһѣϳɣһиѾ˲ˡ
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Ҷ˹ңټһҾֻҶһˡ
ԵȣҪ걨Ǹ˹˵һ֮뿪ˡ
ʱڶĻ˳Ҷ߿˹΢ЦźкҶ˸кһҶҽһʮһ壬ʮǸҶһȻ˹ңЩ棬Ҫ֪ܽҵģÿζһ鲻
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ֵܵӲ΢ЦһٶǿߣǣһЩҲӵмΪӴıһ۾ͿҶǸʮصǿߣΪͨʮҪߺܶ࣬ĳЩҲ˵
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ĻҶһԭʥһЩģֲʮ塣


804 
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һҶ˵ͷһװ磬öָȻ֮޷ᲢۣһҲǱȽϰ֣ϻһʯ׺ǳľɵġ
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Ƭ֮һĸߴ߽ңܡ
үҪһģܹʮǧ߰飡ܵݸһǬֻɨһۣ㽫ǸǬӽ˽ָռ档
λүôƺǸܿҶǳʵ
ҹҶ
үܲܿҪһЩ
ҶһóһǬʲôУǳ֮ʯǳġǳ衢ħϽ֮ࡣ
Ǹɨһۣ΢ЩԾؿһҶʵЩҪһ𣿡
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һļ۸ȥͳһ£ٸиӣҪǸò߱ұö࣬ŵӹңǸЩص
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үģܹپʮǧ飡Ǹ̬ȼ乧ص
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ҲԾȵؿһҶȻ˵飬ҲܹõóģȻô⣬ҶóֵӽĶһ飬δҲ̫ˡ
ȻҶͦǮҲôϣϾϰʥصܣǮȥˡ
һϣһЦߣֵܴԺȥ
ĻҶȻһЦȴһҶԺʨүԵΪ˷ܣԺ֣

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߳Ԫ֮Ҷ㷢֣ԶԶԪҪӺڰö࣡
Ҷ޷ȥıʲô˱Ǹסģ˵һ죬ҲħǵĽ»ҷҪػԪǣΨԪǱøǿ
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Ļǻ纣Хһ㡣
㿴޹ǣʮǿĴڣʮѾӮʮˣشɫǺһƬϣѾӮˣһҲҪѺ
ҶԶǸһظܵһǿսȷʵˡ
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805 Ļׯ
ҹֵҲʮصΪɣȻһҶһЦԳҹֵܵӹǣǰ޹Ǽȭ
𣿡ҶһЦÿɷ񣬿˿Զ޹ǵӮõǮ
ĽѾۻʮ飡ȵؿһҶæڰֵֻ˵ЦģΪʮ飬ֵȫûҪȥðգȥս޹ǵˣûһǻųģ
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ʱһǸӣս޹ǣҲʮȽǿĴڣ˵ѾڱĵطӮʮˣֻЩӮǿߣлս޹ǡ
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ƬĴмһС··߳һӣЩеֲ˸ֲǧٹ֣е˸ֶߵģܵģҲġ
ÿһˮ棬һЩֽƣ֣ܵʮ꾡Щʺʲôֲβɼηȵȡ
ӷΪ㣬ԽϵĶԽߣЩռӵзǳ٣ҶǶһݣطҲЩԼԶܹҵΪ˹һѩ޲ݣ飡Щʹصֲ꣬ڱǮ϶Ѿ׬ˣ
һ㣬ÿֲͶ඼ڰҡ
ЩļֵûôֻӵзǴ£ģƷʮȫϺܶණʮϡټԼ۸úܸߡ


806 ĵر
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Ҷ˵ķӦᣬݵ̧߽ۿȥһһ㣬ȫǸһļ⣬׳͸һǿѹȸС
һģСӣҪݺݵ˺飬Ȼ⣡촽ײеضҶһ˿֮ɫҶһֳé®Ĳ񣬸в
ʱһű¶Ůȵߵǰεεʵλ׼𣿡
ԸֲӻҪ׼𣿡̬صǸŮ˸߸¡ǰغݺݿ˼ۡ
ӴᣡǸŮ˽ŶתͷҶ˸۵Сֵܣ˳ǿ¿ҪСĵŶ
ԿʼˡҶޱص
ǸŮûȤˬƲƲ죬Ťˮ߰֫תЩڣ߸߾һӡ
ʼǸŮ˽еӻ
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˺
ߺ˷
ܶ˶ѺעϣҶʸߴ13󲿷˶ΪҶܻӮ
оϹҵֱУӾȭһ˷ܵӣŴӵؿҶ
ͬʮأʵͨʮǿ߳ܶܶ࣬µˣѾˣڸղţҲѾɵܹɱҶ
Ҷֻôվţؿǰ߳ͷ
˿̾ĹϯϣʨүԵðŵӣʨү˸ۣ˵һ䣺ɵƣѾѺ飬ҶӮ
˳ȣұߣֿߣЦע飬˵ҪˮƯˡ
𣡡ŭҰһĺҶǾ޴ȭſֲҶ
˹Ҷüëһ֮оתͺһȭͷһȭȥ
ȻҺȭӲ
СӵҪϵˡ
ѺӮ϶¶Ц⣬Ѿʤˡ
䣡
˵ȭײһһɾɢ˵ͷȫ󵹷ɡ
ҶȻȵվԭأϵıûһ˿
˷Ѫ񶨸סˣϵļزֻԿԡȭͷȻķ˳ȥѪĽ
Ҷȭϯȭ֮ڵĹͷ׷׶ѣڲҽһߵķһ㣬˳ȥ׳˶ݺݵײıԵϣѪڵϣѣ˹ȥ
Ҷ赹ڵصһۣɫƽ
ֻһȭҶѹԵػ
˶ݵľ׵УôҲû뵽˲һȻҶһȭͺˣ
ʮǿ棬Ҳ϶֮ˣôױܣ˶ʼδ
˭Ҳû뵽Ҷǿı
ѺӮĲ֪һȫŭ֡
Ǯ
ôһ֮ǰӮǼٵİɣ
ôǮЩ˷׷ױԹȴûȥ
ҶһȭȻأһʮصʵӦָܹġ


808 ľ֣
ϯϣʨүһ͡
ǮǺ׬ģʨүЦеصҶһѹҶϵֱӱ˾Ű׬Ǯٶȣʵ̫ˣ
ʨүˣϯϾ󲿷˶֣ŭѣһǵǮȫˡ
ԵΪ˷ܣû뵽ҶȻӮˣѺҶϵǮֱӱʮС׬һʡ
ҶµʶҶӮôɣҶʵʮΪ˵У൱ǿˡ
ϯ롣
Ԩս
Сʵ³޹Ǵ򣡡Ԩָûη֣
һСӰ׬ǧ飬ʦ򼸳𣿡ԱиԨС˵
һӮ̫ɣչ̫ʵָЩ˿϶ѺˣֱӰս޹ǣԨüЩı󲿷ֶвݵģҲ򵽴ɫֲݶľ֡
Щ飬ƽʱǽȥģΨγ޹ô⣬˲ǮŻԹ
Ҫ޹뿪Ԩ԰һ޹޹һֱ棬ѾˣԨҲǺް취
Ҫҵһ޹Ǹǿʮأʵ̫ˣԨ˲£еŭѾ˺ܶࡣ
Ѻע޹ϵĽԽԽߣ޹ٲ䣬ǾҪǮˣ
֪Сܲܰƽ޹ǡԨۿҶ
һھ
ҹԿ޹ǣ
Ҷ΢΢ЩȣҲˣԨ޹ǮˣҲѹ޹ǵء
ҶŽ޹ǵ档
˽޹̧ĿѪ׺ݵصҶûпʼûж
޹ǵĿ⣬Ҷ̹Ȼ棬ѻʬҶоеƣһüͷ
ˣս޹ˣ
Ѻ޹ǣǧ飡
Ѻ޹ǣһ飡

һһѺעѺ޹ӮԽԽ࣬쭣Ѿﵽ֮ޣһѺ޹һغϾ͸ɵҶȻҶӮչ˽ǿʵȻҶ޹ǵĶ֡
һëͷСӶѣӮһ͸ս޹ǣ
ҶһغϾͱ޹Ǹɵ
ϯ롣
ʦѾͻһˣܶ˶СһغϾ䣡СһغϾ䣬ǿҪȥڶ飡СӳŹغϣ׬һڶ顣һӲ亹Ԩ
Ԩ΢üͷÿһα϶ܲݣһ˶ҵԾ޹ǣȴȫԤ֮⣬ܿĳҪùͷⰲŹġ
ҶһȭҶʵ൱ģܻܲ޹˭Ҳ˵á
ԶĿ̨ϣ·ìţȻҶֵܣѺҶӮȴΪҶӮ
ҹֵܣҲ֧㰡޹̫ǿˣĶְĬҪˣҸյֽǮǧûѺ㣡
Ҷս޹ǼǲӮģ޹ǶӮʮ˳ˣ󲿷ʮصģǱ޹һɵ
һߵѺעĹ̨ǰ
Ѻ޹Ӯһغϰɣʮ飡ɿѺע֮װʲô֪ص˿̨ϣվҶ֣غҹֵܼͣᶨ֧㣡
ҪǴȥȦ̧ͷˡ
ʨүҲߵѺעĹ̨ǰ
㣡ԱΧһȺˣͣشߴţҲѺעأ
ʨүĵذǮ˹ȥѺҹӮһغϣŰ飡
ʨүĻΧЩ˶ɵһʨү
Ѻע˲̧ͷʵȷû˵
ѺҹһغӮŰ飡ʨүûظһ顣
һɵӰɣ
ȻѺҹӮһһغϣЦһһ̧ͷʣҶһغӮ޹ǵһȶʮҲ˵ҶһغϾӮʨүֱӽһڰǧ飡
ʷǳСʵ̫ˡ
ʨүѺעӣʩʩȻˣһȺĿɿڴˡ
ԱЩ㿴ңҿ㣬м˿ʨүıӰһ˼ҲעһЩѺҶһغӮ޹ǣȽ١
Ǽаգ˭ðѾŰҳȥ
ѺעԽԽ࣬ѺעܶѾͻڣѺҶӮļ٣ʨүѺעľŰѾǷǳһˡ
ھ󲿷˶ãҶʵԺܶѺע޹غڸɵҶ
ҪҶŹغϣܶ˾͸ˡ
⾺УʮһغϣغϾʮУ
ѺעϣѺעʷһˡ
̨е˶
޹ǣ˺
ɱ
޹ǣ޹ǣ޹ǣ
к˷ͬκһ㣬տǰҡ
棬޹ͭһ㣬ɱȻضҶ
ǷյģҲζţһս
ŨѪϢﱻƷգζ޷͸֮⡣
ͻȻ֮䣬޹ǸӦʲôһСĶ˵ĲͻȻ¶һ˿Ȼ΢ЦЦ֮Уƺִż㡣
ҶЩɻΪʲô޹ǻͻȻ¶ı飬ܾе㲻Ծ
֮⣬һŮеӻ¡
սʼ
ͬһʱ̣޹վһڵɱӿ
Ҷһüͷ޹ǵϣоһϢǵڶĳϢϢ޹ǵڡ
ԭˣֲһͨʮصǿôࡣ
ڶҵʥҶԴھתһɹʱյ֮ͷſ֮䣬޹һָ
оҶʵҲǳˣ޹ǵǵҶƣ⵽裬ֳŭɫһɹɺɫͬһڣ޹ơ
ţȻҪһغϴ޹ǣ
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ű޹˺Ƭɣ
޹ŭһȭҶ
ҶһǸ񵲣ءһȭ䡣
ǿ֮жײ΢΢
޹ǽȭҶϣҶǹһ㣬˼ȭ֮Ȼˡ
ԭ޹ǵʵҪͨʮǿߵֱ׾٣û뵽ҶȻǿ
޹Ǹо˿ֲѹǰˣܹƥеġ
ʮأֱһλҲѷɫˣ
޹ǹ˼У˼ȭ֮ҶһָоȻʮǿ棬޹ѾǳǿˣǸʨүȣҲѷɫ̫ˡ
ǿȾȫһεģ
Ȼʥ壬ͨԱģ
޹ǵȭϣоеƮƮģô
ѾǵھУ
ɣҶͻȻһâȭͷ޹Ǻȥ


809 Ϊ
ҶȭĦǡ
ÿٶȣ޹ͫ׾ҪѾˣһӿȵź˹
أ
ȭ̺֮޿ƥе
޹Ƿ·Լȫѹ÷̫Եˣ޹һֱãʮǿУǿĴڣǽ죬ˣܵú޻֮
·𿴵ǸңԶ򣬱Ԩĵռļ԰Щūǡ
һ˿ˣһ˿㡣
޹Ǳ˵ɵ˿УȻһˤ˵ϡ
Ȼ
޹ȫѣҲһս̱ڵϣǿȻؿҶ
Ҷŵϵ޹ǣЩɻ޹ĳֵڶϢȻ޹ͷųǹҲδĶ֣޹ȫûͷţһ㣬֪ʲô˼
ҶԺкȻһͷⳡǱݵģȻԨ
ҶȻ̧ͷһ۹ϯ룬Ԩڵķ
ϵκζľ֣϶ڱݣ
ˣ
һƬ֡
ݣôǮ
Ȼһغ϶Ųסôܣ

ɱ޹ǣ
ɱ޹йߣ
ϯЩ˷ؽţ޲޹֮ǰȷʵ޹׬˲Ǯܶһȫ˽ȥ
ŵ̱޹ǣȻþǿԼҶ޹ǵͷųǹϢ㻹䣡˵꣬ƽش޹ǵ߹뿪Ρ
޹ȻҶ֪ʵҶʵȷʵ֮ϡ
ɱңһսģ޹ǿҶıӰᶨص
ʱ㣡Ҷ˳ȥȫϯЩ˵Ľ
ЩΪ޹Ǯˣں޲ɱ޹ǵĶУ
ʱϯϣԨ¶һ˿泩Цݣû뵽ⳡôͽˣ޹ûгŹһغϾˣгҹˣʵ治ӵĻԸˡ
ôͳƳûУӮ˶٣Ԩ΢ЦſԱߵĵʩʵڽ޹鷳ã׷Цһһ㡣
ʩȴһΡΡصءʦǡǿڶ飡
ʲôԨЦݽϣɫȻŨڣΪֲŭôȷû
ʦûģѺע֣֮һѺעŰ飬Ѻҹһغ֮ڻ޹ǣʩӲͷƤתֿûбԨŭˡ
ŰһȶʮʣֱӾʹﵽһڰǧ֮࣡
һغϣԨо֣΢侲һЩüӦǸҹйصעģǼˣҲӦûе׬Ŷԣ
һξע˷ǳ࣬кܶ඼Ƕ޹Ӯģעﵽ˾˵ڶࡣ
ڶעһڰǧҲ
ɢɢһЩעھʼ֮ǰͻȻעǧ飡ҶӮûлغƣ13ԡһھǧ򣡿۳ѺעĽڶ飡
ʩĻԨ˷ŭɫǵϣǾŰӦǳҹµעԨôΪԨеҪҶµ뷨ֻҪҶһֱܰľ֣׬ǮԲֹһڰǧ
ǣǧעб
Ҷ޹ǶԾʱ޹ǾԷˮˣ
һжڱݣ
޹ӮôೡƶǸΪ
ԨǳޣľУǵһη顣
ûв˭ǮԨ˸ΣյĹâǱ֪˭ģԻ˺ÿ
ǱߵǮ֮󣬾ʧˣ޹ǣһûע⣬Ҳ֪ȥˣʩСĵػ
һȺԨŭ֮˸һȻԷ˭֪һ裡µһЩַԷݿ϶򵥡
Ԩƿڴ֮ʣԶۿڵһ¥֮ڣһ۵һƤϣòãͷ͸һɾþλ֮
ʮ˹ԣһǱҶ˵޹ǣʱѾǿܹվˡ
ֿһɵòǸ΢΢Цԭ޹ǵֿ֮ǰھõĲǴŶѡ
ֿ˵ļƻҿ˻ǣʱı⣬ͶעǸ˵ϣֿЩȻصͷ
Ǻǣ޷˳ֻʱұ㿴ˣʵӦò֮£˭ʤ˭Ԥϡ˵ԭļƻ׼޹ӮʮȻٰȥ޹ǴܵģֱҶ֣ʱı˼ƻջҲ㲻ˡ
ֿֿ飬ȻĶֿ֡ͷܵص
ʮصУȷʵǲˣǸӡ΢΢׵Ҳˣ˸ʥûãɼ˸Ӵһ°ɡԨˣԨ϶Ѿ氲ǸˣҪ˱ԨҪľˣ
ƺԨǲӡ
һȥˣ죬Űɣ˵ǻں϶ܹﵽʮϣ͸ǻʥһ£ܲʤ˿Աһ
һλǿߣڻǰȻһ˿
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ȥˣ˳¥𣬳ʥǷȥ
ʨүһǮ֮ʧȺУʱ׼Ҷϵ
ҶһٶĽ֮󣬸ͷ
֣ôӦӮ˺ܶɣҶļ򣬹һЦ
εҪǸڰ֪ͶעҶˣû뵽Ǯ˸ɸɾ
ڨڨһЦǺǣã׬һ㣡
ҶῴƸûѺעϣҲûм׷ȥˣ֪ʨүջô
ԶȺУʨүҶҶСӣˮҲŵ̫ˣʮвŸɵʨүҾһ亹ǮȫˮƯãһ׬һڰǧòʥصһЩҲûôǮ
ԨһҲ׬˲ٰҶһԶĿ̨
ƨõӣʨүһֻЦҲ֪˭ھϿʼʱͻȻڶעӮԨһΣڣ
ͻȻڶעҶȻ뵽ʲôһ٣ʱ޹ǵıеֹ֣ûӳȫʵڱݣԭڱݵ˲Ԩ棬֪˭
ҶһüͷЩ鷳ˣԨӮǮ㱻Ӯһڶ࣬ҲôϣԨǮһ㵽ͷϡ
Ϊϣ


810 
ʨүߣҶʨү
ֵܣͻȻʱе㼱£ˣԺлϵ㣡ҶЦŶҲûаɿѣֻͨ˽һЩʥصѡ
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ҶоѾ˸ˣҶʨүתһȡ
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ҶʨүѾ뿪˺ԶĵطҶ˸˵Ľʩչ͵컻طĻһò
֣ڰǣҲ֪ʲôˣҶһüͷЩɻ
ĪһˣҲע⵽ǣҶ뵽޹ǱǸˣԷӦҲͨˡ
ԭƻҶʨүһǸĵرĳݣֱ˶¥
ˣҪʲôǸС˿Ҷ¶һ˿ȻЦݣ΢Цŵ
ҶһݣܣԷȷʵڸԼ˵ûФֵСҲ֪ʲôˣȻܹԼ͵컻طӵˣΪʲôطһСˣ
ڸ˵û¸ղŸһˡ·ģΪһй˿ͱܣФգգۣЦŵ
ФֵĻҶԷһЩ͵컻طǺѱ˿͸ģԷʵЩأҲ֪ʲôΪ
룬ȻôӦûҪġ
Ҫ㡢ǻ֮ڤݡҶһĵرͻȻôǮҶϽȥɸĵر˻Ԫ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ôࣿФǿ¶֮ɫû뵽ҶôǮ΢΢һЦȥ׼ԵȡһĶһжĶǶһݵģûطܹҵڶݳһ˿ͣǾͲͬĶ
Ҷ˵ͷѹĶô
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Фֿ˿Ҷֿ˿ʨүѾ֪ͨҵˣһǾͻλеĶʰãҲ԰Ѷ͵ָص㣡
͵ָصͲˡҶ˰֣׵ذԪǵλ͸¶ȥ
⣬λʲôĵرҪۣһλһļ۸񣬱ʥ֮ࡣФ΢ЦſҶʨүص
ФֵĻҶһФô֪ʨүӵʥģⶼܿóФֵʵδҲֲ̫˵㣬Ҫ֪֮ǰھϵʱԨ涼ûӵʥ壡
ԨȻûнǿ֮УȴǸ۷弶ǿߣ
ʨүҲǾͷ䱸ضФ֡
Ҷʨү飬ФЦЦλؽţֻһЩ˶ѣɱԽ֮¡ԸǣǱգǲԸҲǿ󣬸ὫλκϢ͸¶ˣ
ҶĬ룬ФֵȫؽʲôȻФô֤ͣȷʵûʲô⡣
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˲򵥣ʨүҶӦòǵܸһҲǳĳҩʨүҲ̽鲻κϢ
Ҷ˵ͷľؼĵرôܲһЩöԼˣ
Ƭ̣ҶҪĵرѾʰˣҶ֧飬ʨүȰѶ͵¥ȥǱߵūֱͻԪȥ˵׼ġ
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ȻԷԼһλҲûôˣȿԷô˵
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ãҽ죬һ塣쿴Ҷ΢΢һЦԵ÷ǳ
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Ҷ⣬ҶȻֻʮصΪλҲ򶨣ݴݵԾͲͨ˿ɱȵģ΢ЦҼ˶ԸºܸȤҪ¡
Ҷ۾΢Уܶͷʵ֪˭
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˶ָ֪ôǣ
ֻܸ㣬ҼʥصҪҼˣԨƺԸҲһЩȤԨĿģѸ¿ֹȻΪ׬ǮߡԸǣȫصԨˣҼ˻ṩһЩԴǶ򲻵ģ԰½
ҪʲôأҶüʵϿɲԵ޹ʵڱ
ʱҪλַ֮ȻͻΪϵˣΪϵǲġʱ򲻹ΪԼ棬Ϊϵ棬Ȼѡ񣡡ƽص
ûԵ
˷ǳţһϵͲᱳѡ
룬˵ʵӦòԨ棬һ۷弶ǿߡ
ӦҪһЩ˲š
ԼһʥأûκαҪվȽŸȷʵǺѵģˣûԼԵҶЩ⶯
ˣԨӦòǺܶͷֿԨһѣ
Ҷ°ͳ˼ѾɱԨһӣֺԨôǮԨҪ֪Ļ϶ʰģ
ҿԼҪôأҶ˾̹Ȼʵ
ЦˣǳҶֱʡ
ƣһȥ֮Ὣ¼ڲᡣԺ㵽ʥǻ߸κһǸۡűɡңҪ֪λ÷ǳ򵥣ӸҶһƵºȥμɣԵõĻ˵ܼҼˣ


811 ֮ʥ
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һѪȥ
Ҷ΢Щɣ룬ԼʮضѣԷҪԼôֱ׾٣ûҪôۣ
ҶָƣһѪȥֻǵѪںϣȻǺɫơಡһûָ档
ǿ֪ķλ鷳ҪȣֻҪʩչƣΧϵ˶֪΢Цŵӭǣ
ҶЦЦȻԨ治ϣҪҪǱм䣬һӦ
ҶװԨԨ£Ԩʲôж֪һˡ
ҡҡͷԺҪ˵ǣӦ˵ˡԨֻƻϺ֮꣬ǰ˸㣬ǵˣ϶ܹµѾ˽Ӵ뵽ǵȥҲ㣬ʲôΣˣ
ĻҶ˵ͷĻǷǳܵġ
Ȼһڻ뿪ʱټЦ
ãʱҶ챳˲ǿҵĺ棬֪Էһʲôˣ֮ᣬ֪ʱܼܲˡ
Щ˶ᣬᵽôأ
ʥأϵӽУС²У
ҶЩĵر֮ȻС뿪ˡ
ʱھһϢУԨڴ
ǸʲôԵģôλȻһʮص˶ˣԨûҲɢһֲϢһ
ʦϢŭ׷Ǹ˵;УˡЩбкüλģǸǶְʩͷϽ͵
֮䣬ʩչʱյ֮϶ԷǲŻҶˡ
Ԩɫ⼸²˳ڰиԣԷҲѾҶӴˡ
ԨŭǣôãԼ߾Ȼ˭û
Ǹгҹ뾺ԨһԭһʮصĴ֣רģЩ˶Ѿ߰˰ˣȫǱ޹ǸɵģҪǸгҹٱԷƣ޹һһͿȥˣ
ǣʩæӦһҿʦûйǡ
УǸҹһԨһâ
ʦģСٸҳ֣ҵȱض޻أ
Ҷٴʩչ͵컻طĻòŸʨүͷ
氲ǲܼȥˣһԨץǾ鷳ˡ
Ҷ˸صĵطóһ񽢣֮󣬳һŸǷȥ
һʱ䣬Ҷһ߼ʨүɱһϤʥصҶʥ˴µ˽⡣
ʥعλ򣬶ǿߡ
ʮŸϣÿһŸǶһλ۷弶ǿߣҲԨ棬ǵʵȻǿûñȣҲǽǿߵĴڣʥ棬Ǹһ
棬֮ȻάűĺƽƺַΪ˸ϵ˴֮ȨλϵĴ˲š
֮ԽǷʢĵطˮԽ
ʱһȥʽʼԽԽˡ
ǰ¥񽢴˷ʥأ⼸ոϹ˾͸ˣʥص˱ֹԵø֡
Щʥÿ궼ٰһᣬ֮⣬ľͷƼڴˡ
չ¶ͷǵǿߣᱻһЩ󽫻ƽƣЩص
Ҷʨүڱһ׳Ϲţ⴦׳㼯طˣĶһЩǧٹֵĶҪԸֿʯΪ
ܶʯв֣Ҳ֪Щʲô֮Ͽʯʱܿҵ
˿Եļ۸һֵǵϡпʯҲ˿һƽƽʯͷ
飬Ｘÿ춼ݣƬ׳ҲҪ
߻ӣܴȻҲͳ˸Ϣ֮ء
Զмһ飬Ҷװһ̯λǰʯһ߲š
˵ǹͥԼط潣Ѿˣ˿Щ˶Ѿˣ
ǵӦܺϲ٣ʱ򣬳ɽƽʱĺüһۿʯ̯Цеص
ɲʱÿ춼飡һ̯ҲΪ˷ܵӣҽѾüˣ
ǹֱͥǳǹǹˮǹŮͥͥĳвط潣Ƕǽ˵Ĵڣ˵Щ˹ַּģÿһ
߹֧ˡ
ֻ֪жӿ֣˵˴ڲ߲͸¶Żٶ½ִ˭ܱߴѡУҫ
ޱߣ˭Ҳûͳƹжٿ壬ҲûͳƹжкܶԪһѾܾˡ
ͳƣǿߣǾ͸ˡ
ޱߵ֮У˲űܶŶǳһҫۡ
Щǿǣдʱ򶼲μӹᣬǶ߳ƣȺۡ
ÿһᣬзǳðΪ˸֧ÿһľͷǻᵽ
ͬʱЩ־ģûеõӵĸǣҲμᣬӮýϸߵΣǻȥ֮ᱻصˣÿʱ򣬸ĺ󱲸Ƕǰμӱ䡣
μ֮ǰһЩλרżߵƣһһ˻˰ϣһӵгҲǳ꣬ûʸμˡ
ԣֻһЩ֣ܲμᣬ̫ϵĻ츳׿Ҳûлˡ
ߴÿһȻǿ֮⣬۷塢λƼϽҲޱߣ򻮷ֳ߸顣
Ȼǿһȴܺ˴֮ǺǾϵ
һ˵Ϣһ׳˿ܣսǼ˵Ķߣص
ŶʲôϢ
˵һΣһλ֮ʥǰ


812 ꣡
֮ʥ⼸˶һԾŴ졣
֮ʥ𣿡
ǧȷ׳ĵص
ţû뵽λ֮ʥǰǸ˵Ϣ
֮ʥѾǧû¶ˣ벻ξȻ֣ǧѷĻᣡ
λ֮ʥѡдߵĻҫ
Ǽ˶Ϣˣ۷׷ס
֮ʥҲҳǻģǸһҲڵڶ壬ÿһ֮ʥǳԽ۷Ĵܴڣ
ȥʮ굱Уܹλ֮ʥѡУ
û֪λôˣд˵λѾ⣬ӵ˵ڶ壬Ϊ˳ԽĴܴڣʥؿһλ˳ʥͣ졣
˵Ϊõλ˵ӣܳΪߴǿһɡ
ȻЩֻǴ˵ˣʵΣЩܹͨ˽ġ
֮ʥĽ٣һʢ£ߴκ˱ѡдߣǹˮǴߣκһƫԶܱѡУǸͻᱻ
֮ʥʲôĴڣҶ΢üа˼⡣
ʱƣ˽ԽԽ࣬Ҷ֣Чǻ廹൱ģࡢЩ壬ޡ֮ʥȵȵڶ壬ããӦûкܶǻĵڶࡢ塣
ǻڶ巢չӵеڶ
Ԫǻꡢǻ֣ܲǵͽǻˡ
ǻ֮УӦûһЩǿĴڣȻЩǿĵڶ壿
Ҷ뵽ܿǻ꣬Ԫǻ˵ܿǻǴƮһƲл꣬ܿϣܿǻѪͳȽ⡣
ôܿǻӦ֪һЩ飡
ҶлȥĻȥܿǻ꣬˽һɡ
ϧڵĹǣڵ˿ڣǻں϶ȳʮܹѾǻں϶ߵһˣ󲿷ǻں϶ȶֻʮʮ͵ֻһôһطǵ˰˱ӵùˡǻûһ¶ͷһۿʯ񲻽Ƶһȴǻ꣬ʥǻ걻ˣǷǳصģܻܿᱻȥ
ҶǸԱߣǸ˵͵ֻһҶЩɻĪǹǼ棬һǻں϶Ϊ0Ķûй
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Լڣǻں϶Ϊ0ˣܴĳϵƣ֪ȥǷ񻹻š
Ҷһõɵ֮ΪʲôᴩԽԪǣ
ԪǻΪθԸԱǺˣҲҪķ˵ǻݵλûҪô
Ԫǻ꣬ѰԱҲκβǣȫ⡣
ԪǻԻʲô
ʱһͳɳƵǲ֪ûУ
ͻȻ˲廰Ҷ̧ͷԴȥֻ˵һ༫Ϊªˡ
һͷӡֵ¶Ƥ϶˴࣬һַǳͼƣһضĸоһο˾ԻᱻܲĴһ
еģһõĺۣΪǣңһ۾û飬ֻһƬǵİɫ
Ȼû飬Ҷȴоһ۾֮˸Ĺâӥ۾һ㡣
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ǸͻȻĲҽұ۾֪Ϊȼܿ챻յýһƬð̡
Ǹǵ񾪿ֵغˣʹסұۣźһЩ־ؿһϹӣٶˡ
ϲ˴࣬äĹͷ֪ʲô
˷׷ηغˣɲؿϹӣȫûпϹôֵģǸĪˣĪǶԷһɣ
Ҳҳðˡ
ֻҶƽؿϹӣҲЩɻ󣬸ղžҲûпϹôеģûǸô˵ġ
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Ϲӿʲôɣ˽ϹӣҶʾʨүҪǶԷ
ʨүĻϹȴûŭӣǸоʨүûʲô⣬ֻǵһЦϹäĲäȻûȴ
ǰǻں϶Ϊ0˭Ҷ׷ʵＫΪ棬Īǻеǻں϶Ϊ0ˣ
ǻں϶Ϊ0һȺˣӦĴڡ
ǿ˵ꣿϹһϵĴƺ䶯һ£ȴֺûУԵüΪ죬ֻû˷һ㡣
ꣿҶüΨһ˵ĸ֣˵ģϣʮǿߵĶԾУǰͿлһöѪʥѪʥڴģ
˵ؾ֮һ


813 ɶ棡
Ǵʲôطʨүʵ
ϹȴĬˣȫ۰׵۾ʨүʨү񾭣Ҳе﷢ë
Ϊ˵ʱϹˣ꣬һλǿߵĹλǿߵѾΪ֪ˣϰڽ

û˭Ҳ֪ĸʥص֮ǰѾڣһЩ۷ǿߣҲҽֻڴΧǻɢľѪڴ֮˸ֵڶҲҩĪ⡣ֻһ˿Ѫǿߣͨ˵УѾǿĴڣϹƺЩ˫ûУƺеŶ
Ҷо֪̾ǰǺεȾžޣӦѾڵķˡ
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Ҳһǻں϶Ϊ0ˣ
Ҷȵ̧ͷǰȫϹӣô֪ģ
Ϲӵ˺档
˲²⣬ĹѪ;ǣӹ񣬶ǿ߽룬ҪѰѪ;ǣʧˡ֪ΨдĺᣬܽУϹǴ׵ͫУ·һĿ⣬Ҷɨ
Ѫ;ǣȻڿƾõУȻûһܹ꣡󣬴ǰһʲôĴڡ
ʵϣ֮ǰһ˽˴Ϲӹ˹ǣĪص
Ǹ˭ʨү̲סʵ
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ʱҶͻȻ֣ϹϡϵĴ࣬ǷһЩֵı仯ͼǲ˼ŤǴͼȥҶһŷͼͼĳעʲôȥǴַһЩ仯һԹͼԿ͸
ҶôˣʨүҶؿϹϵĴ࣬ʵ
ʨүҶȻѣٿϹӵȴϹϵĴ࣬ƺޱ仯ȻôȴҲʲô֮
ղŷһͼһԹͼҶаݣ̧ͷϹӣȴϹӳ΢΢һЦ¶һڷƵݡ
ϹӵǺϵĴ࣬ô£
ҶСӣϹӲ򵥣Сһ㣡ʨүҶҶǱĳĪĶסˣųҶ
ףҶ˼־֮ģϹӵģǳģͼԹͼ·ָȥһط
ͷϹ¶Ī΢ЦȻǰֻֿأҲֻءΪҹȻǴ־Ҳһg
ΪҹҶһ͸ҹһѡ
ڴ˴ոȥηԵлᣬպ󻹿ϹӹһЦ뿪
ҶʨүϹӵıӰֻϹǺԶ
ܿܿزãˣ۽ܣҲֻأĻߣɶ桭
ɶ棬ҶϹӵ仰ʱȻ𾴣ܹ˵ĻϹӶԵӦõһǳߵľ硣
֪Ϲӵʲôݣ
ɶ棬˵˭أ
ͼԹͼĪָʾģǴꣿ
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ϹȥķһۣϹѾʧȥӰҲ׷ٲˡ
ϹȥԱЩһϹӸĪѹϹӺҶղŵĶԻģģҲ֪ϹӸҶʲô
ʨү߰ɣҶ
һһʨһ·й䣬£ԸϢ
Щ½ڳЩģӦþʮصǿˣΪʮأѾ˽ؼʱܹո¶ͷǣͻᱻŵĳϣΪĴڡ
ÿ궼һЩµǻ굮ЩǻҲҪػģʮǿǻһ죬ݵλͽȻͬˡ
˵ǹ֮׵ĳǹѾһʮصţʱյƣһεᣬһλܲˣһСص
Ա߼˶ٸĽʡ
Щţÿ춼֪ҪĶԴҪǸôԴҲԡϧôһϣЩĻᶼûУ
˭һ
ƨôԴǵ츳Ҳ£Աһ˺ط̵
ʱյ֮ʲô˼
ҶСӣǱ˵ҪҪһʱյ֮ʱյ֮Ϊֱ֣гȻɫǹǿиĻһʱյ֮ǻ긨ܽڽ֮ǰʱյ֮Խ֮࣬ʵԽǿʨү
ֻ֮һϣΪһǿ߼ĴڣҪΪеǿߣǿеʱյ֮
ʱյ֮Ǳ֮Ҫµöһ
ʱյֳ֣֮Ҷ˹Ĳʺ磬Ҳɫġ
кܶණǱ˴ϵģҲʱյ֮һֱʽ
ʱյ֮Խ֮࣬Խǿ𣿡Ҷüͷ΢ڶûһʱյ֮ûָǻ긨ʮҪ׵ô׵ġ
Ҫʱյ֮ҪӺοʼأ
ҶеľǣѾ˲ٵʱյ֮ҶֻһѣûᲢҽ
Щʱյ֮ʱսγɵҶƺʲôּΪģ
Ȼʮ棬ӵʥҶΪǿȷ棬Ѿﵽ˼µ۷壬Ǿ緽棬ҶϾʱ仹̫ˣҪڶʱʱյ̫֮ˡЩʱյ֮ʮǿߣٶѾ˰ˡ
ʱܹʱյֻ֮һѾˡЩϵģǺţЩһ磬ͨλǿ⣡պǰ;Ҳǲ


814 ֮أ
еĽгǰһֺĳǱҶʨүǰ
ʲôطҶ૵̧ͷȥǱռؼ㣬ǽߴףǸʵĳǽˣһŵʱ֮󣬽䱸ɭϡ
ˣǴӱİɣһصڽгĳԣҶ΢Ц
ǵģϲ֪Ǳʲôط𣿡Ҷʵ
֮أʥص˶֪ЦǺǵصÿʥػΧǣ֮ش֮㹻ɫᱻɣΪ˵ĳԱλÿ춼ڹע֮صˣҪҪȥԣ
֮أҶ̧ͷԶȥֻʱһЩ˳ȺӵؽǱʵϲ֪֮棬ʲô״
˻ͦòġͷӾͶ˵㶫ɡƺҶͦкøУ֮ʮλ˵̫ϳʮλ̫ϳϣû֪ǵΪʲô磬ֻ֪ǵݵλλ֮ϣܹõǵһ㲦棡Ҫʮλϣ͵ÿԵˡ
Ҷ࿴һֻۣ߲һսʶѣѵרָģƵߣҶġ
ỹûпʼǲ֮ؿһʨүѾʨӵ壬˶ɵëǱЩԾԾԵӡ
Ҷ֮ҲһЩ棬˵ͷǸߣʨүһ𣬳ǰǱȥ
ἴٿصȫ۵ʥأỹûʼܶ˶֮ܽأΪӭӼ׼
һһʨ߽˳Ǳ֮УǱһƬǳĴܶؾһ
ҶʨүȺЩ죬˽⵽֮صϢ
Ĵ룬޴Ĵͷ
֮طΪսʡȻ˵֮أҲ١
˵֮˵ļλ̫ϳϿٳģͨĹԵһħУǳΣա
ڰٶǰ֮رֹһΣΪħ񳱣ٸеȫûħ񳱱ʮλ̫ϳϻҲʧء
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ʮλ̫ϳΪҪΪһǿߣֲ֪ΣǺģֻвϵؾشܳΪǿߣ
ԱߣԴһߴʯʱյ֮תӡһ֣ÿһʯ϶¼һٸ֡
ܹһ֮ؽǰٵǿߣϾˣʯϵ˴ǰʮҫĿնΪ˸صĶ
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ಣâҶʨүʧ˴ͷ֮С
ͻ䣬Ҷʨүٴ۾ʱ򣬷ԼѾһƬ֮УһſϢţΧħħˣҶʨүһ֣ҶокܶħħѾע⵽ǡ
Ĺطͬǣ֮ظĳص֮У·һ˫֪۾ڸһС
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ħңһӱļͲ֮гϣಡһ·ųֻɫ⻮գԶЩħϡ
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ʨүҲǿͳ֣ŭһȼܵɫ棬ſϻЩħϻУʱҽŻΪҽǱϻ䵽ϣЩħҲʹزҽв
ħΧҶʨүɱһѪ·
Ǹ겻ϵʸҶƳһۣЩ֮ɫ
ʲôˣƳһԱһĸߴ׳ʵ
һʮصǿߣȫǱԵļ⣬͸һǿϢʮǿУӦ϶֮ˡ
û֪Ǻ·Ǳ֣Ǹ΢һüͷүһһʨ򵥣
ΣǻʥǼλ֮ڣүû˭һ԰ã֮ʴӱͬѷ֣۸ڶ
üͷȴûж˵ʲôһԡ
Ŀ̲סɨһҶеĺӰ֮һ˿̰֮ɫ
ѽ֪ʲôı
ڲҲһǿеǰʮҲǲܣ
Ȼ߰лЩִģ֪֮кܶǿȷʵðȻǵģһУ޶֤ʲôϵأ
ҶͻΧ߶ĺӰ֮ӰϵΧħ
ҶıӰһ˿ɫӱȡ֧˹ϣǼ˸ɭȻĺâ


815 ʹСˣ
ҶĺӰ֮ϻնЩħħ˳嵽ǰˣַ׷ױĺӰ֮ĽӰն䡣
ֱһ浹¾
֮˼λ̫ϳϲõģħ棬ܹģһЩ񼶵ģҶ˵ԸûʲôѶˡ
ҶӽնԱ߼ħʱͻȻ֮䣬оһâӱ͸ֱĸоֱ͸ġ
·𱻶߶һ㡣
Σգ
ҶһݣӲħĹȻתĺӰ֮񵲡
ۣһ̣ǼħצѾҶϣҶı󻮿ѪۣǵĹȻȴ޷ӵʥҶһ˺顣
ͬһʱֻ̣һһɫĺӰ֮ϣ׹
Ҷһ죬ǵ׹ļʸץһɫʸ沼һߵƣ⴦˸ĺ⣬Ǵ˶ġ
ԶһۣҶһâ
ûЩˣû뵽ԷȻԸħʱҶŭˣ
ԶǸ󿴵ҶȻס˼ʸͫ΢΢һ£û뵽Ҷڸħɱʱ򣬾ȻܸļʸΪһʸҶһغˡ
úܺãȴ֪ǣҶΪѾﵽʮص۷壬ܱ߻ĸ֪Ҳ˷ͬѰĳ̶ȣĺӰ֮ʸ֡
ʨүצ˹ҶļֻħҶʵҶСӣղô£
˷ҶԶ͸һĨɭĺ⡣
дûǣǵˣʨүˬغߺ˼ϻ
Ե˻ǿһĻоŨҵĻҩζ£ԱߣؿҶʨү
ԱǸʮصĻκҲһüͷѾ󣬲ҪǸ˻ͷʨӣΪˣҲö˵ʲô
һǸɱˣҲãûɱ˰ѱе鷳ˡ
κߣһԺصĸֻӥǰҶʨү
˿Լ˶ʹߣӦûʲô⣬ҶʨүҹǾ͵СӦˡ
ҶʨүƬ̶ûͣ٣㳯߷˹
κһսеĸֻӸղҶħսԿҶʵǿԱֻϻʨƺҲͨʮǿϺܶࡣ
ûһҶɱЩգв޾⣬޵شϣʱ׼ˡ
ҶĿ˴ӵϣղ֧ģ
˫һɱ¾Χħһ߶ţһŨصĻҩζڿţսһ
ѣղŵеᣬԭɱħģû뵽ƫˣ˸£ûʲô¡Ȼô˵Ȼһɰ֮ûʲô⣬ҶѾǺܸҶˣǹ˼Ҷʲôڡ
ƫˣҶЦһЦµļûƫĿڣ
ʸҼүѾλǸˣϣλ׷ˣԺΪһЭԿħκһԵȻ˵˵̬ȣȻǳǿơ
ҲǸʨүƲƲ죬Ϊмص
ҶҲЦӦʱѾɱˣ˭ԩȥǶԷ˵̬ȣûгϴ˼Ҷеķŭ֪Կħʱ򣬾Ȼںǿ벻̣
ҶеĺӰ֮âǡ
Ҽүʥõ֪ʥأΪҲӦԾ֮꣡κ¶һ˿Ȼɫ
ڳݣҶʨү֪Ѷˣ
ߣһʥõѣ˲𣿡Ҷŭߵѹ˵ˣ
ǰ˼ҶҺԪǣܶʱ򲻵ọ̀ʥأû֪Ҳûʲôµģ
κˣҪǸ۲Ż֪
Ҷɱǣ
ҰСӣҲʥ÷ҲŭˣѾһҰݣԷȴˣܵ裬ָҶκɱ
үκЩΪѣҶʥҲ²򵥣³Թȥ󲻺潻
ɱŭشУܲˡ
κϱһǿϢס󣬿Ҷ֮棬˫ã˼ο֮˵ĵ̣ʮλ̫ϳ϶ڿţڴɱˣ¿Ҳܲˣ
ҶСӣȷʵû취ɱˣҪ棬ʨүҿ϶Сӣʨү޷޵ص
⣬ӣȻҶԿħʱڱ˵̫ϳˣҲҪۣҶߵͻȻ֣ץȥ
Ҷ֣κ屩һǸȶ֣ǾݹҲˣκŸֻҶ˹
ʨүŭһצ䡣
صһը죡
ʨүһצӽǸֻĵõ˻ȥײκؿڣκõɶ
ͬʮأκӵʥʨүȫûñȡκȫû뵽ʨүȻӵǿ
Ҷӥһ㣬¡
оҶǿƣЦһ˼ЩǷ׷׳ҶȥҪԸҶҪԶ֣
ЩΧҶȻû˺һƾʥǿأһײ˳ȥ
ʮصҲǱҶһײ˳ȥ
ҶͰԵһû뵽ҶʵȻôǿô໤ȻֵסҶһˡ
һȺŭ乭ң׼üɱҶǻûųҶѾ˽ǰ
֣ҶȵеĹַ˳ȥƾ£ءһһƺؿڡ
ҽһؿڵ߹ǡžض˺üҶһƺɳȥԶѪ飬Ǳ
Ȼңһúѿ״ƷָҶ
Ҷüë΢ôвǷߣ϶ٴҶǰһһϣءһ˼ţո߸ߵ۵˵ʲôΪ©磬ڳݲ壬֪˵ʲôڴҶ
Ҷ󱩱һ٣أȥ
ֱСˣ͸úúýѵһ٣
˭֪Ժħʱ᲻ıһ
Ҷһ߱һߵȴǼ̫ϳǵķӦЩ̫ϳȫɼǸ˷ҶͲ뿪֮أЩ̫ϳϳӻҶҲֻϵùþ
쵰֣㱻òҲ̶ãҲʾ۴УЩͼ󣬶Ҷ˳ȥֻؿ󱻱⡣


816 ϵ
Ҷһֱ˿ֻʣһԽԽȥһӢѾˡ
ӦѾܵѵˣְɡʱ֮һϵ
֮Ҷһ˵̫ϳڳˣ
뵽ղŰԼһҶһš
ʹһ׵ͷ࣬ھ׵Ҳϲˣ
Ҷһ֮󣬾ͱһº͵ѸٵƿҶҲ򲻵ˡ
ٿֻһȺΡΡز˿ףݵĵϵĶϣĻ֮ǰӢֱ»ιļŵҩŻ
Ҫɱ㣡һҪɱ㣡ָҶЪ˹ش󺰣һֱţ˱
ĽҶĿؿһ˵ĳô˵
סڣдһϵŭȣһɺ嫵ǵѹ£ڳ˶ʱоһɿµѹ
ĽȻֱֹӱǹѹùС
»̫ϳϣ֮ʥȫҲ˿İ֮ɫȫ쳣
֪»̫ϳһôĵӣħƴ֮ʱͼɱͬţ֪
һ£ҶȻҲʥصˣ
ҶôʥصˣҶʥصˣΪôǿôû˵
ͻȻһ˵ĸоҶŵˣɱҲ˵̫ϳҲҶȻͬţҸղŷֱ˸š
ͬţǿ
ģҶȻ˵ģղô˵
Ҷ»̫ϳϵĻ΢о̹һЩ»ƫ̻ģӣҶһЩøС
֪ˣ»̫ϳԭ£Ҳ֪˵ˣصͷȻܲʣ̫ϳǰҲҷҶ˸ѪͷҪҶҲ˴鷳
ȴˣԼġ
ߣȻ˵ˣԺôʰ㣡
㲻֪˵ˣڱ˶Ըħ֮ʱˣ˵СоҲڶ˵ﲻˡ»һȻص
»̫ϳϣίʵֻ䣬»̫ϳϿЩ
ҽƱ磡ټһɫƭ̫ϳϣ»ŭȵѹϢΪ£ﲢҷ㵽ִһǧڻ¯һ£
»Ļɫһӱò԰ޱȣһǧãӦûǰסģڻ¯һ£ǾĪĥһ죬ֻͨʣ°ˣһºܲܳǸ⡣
ı飬Ҷ²ţ֪ǻ¯ʲôȻ˾¡
»̫ϳϿɫұ䣬Ҳκν֮ģزͣߵġ
ԶκҲǽ֣û뵽飬ȥ֮϶Ҳù̫ϳϵĻһԾŶ˭ҷ
»ϵĴҶΪˬ죬Լ˵̫ϳϻط󣬹ƫ̻ĻôˣҲա
ʱһƮɫϸһŮˡ
»ĴãǷˡ
ڣӦδã»һڶɣǳ
֪˵ˣԲų֣㲻ɱͬšңʲô鶼ûз֮ͬ䣬ԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬ˵Ǹȥһǧڻ¯һ£Ǿˣڻ¯һ£лĻ᣿ڵ˵ˣï϶ݣʱҲáԩԩ౨ʱأ
ïʥõĸף
ҶһЩŵˣ˼תΪ֧ʵ̫ӴˣǷֳ˼ϵ
̫ϳӦǸʥһģԲŻӻ
»̫ϳϰԼΪԼǿƣ
»һСоȻӻֱǰܻ˵
»˵ôܻ˵ˣһĸղŵȻӣĵʵ
̫ϳִ£»Ȼǲ˶
ȥɣص
ǣ̫ϳϣϲݺݵһҶЩˡಡһͳ֮ء
֮ûгȥĴͷֻҪ̫ϳʩһ·ܱͳȥ
ѹôΪԭ˱ӻ޿֣
ҶŭѣԼҲҪϵĶˡ
ҶǾ仰һϵӡ󲻹Ϊϵ滹棬Ҷѡ
Ҷ仰˸ᣬվ»̫ϳߣû»̫ϳϵıӻ̫ϳָʲôԸ
Ҫ㹻Ȩλϵӣɵͱֳ㹻ʵǱ
ҶʨүһۣͨѾ״
ȻˣǾЩ֤Լļֵɣ
СԺ󿴵ԼΪ
Ҷʨүһɱ֮صԽħԽ࣬ʵԽǿҶʨүɱһ·ħʬء
ĹһŽϴϣﲼһƬ̨һɫۣ뷢԰ףһɷǵߣڰ̨֮ϣŵ⣬·һжӲ۾
Ǹղ˵»̫ϳϡ
ʱ̹עҶź룬صͷ
֪Ǵôһӣʮأûʱյ֮Ѿôǿˣ츳ֵǲ֪ܷʱյ֮ˣδǰ;ˣǾеϧˣͷʨҲ૵
˵ʱ򣬾һϣһɫȹҲڹעһ·ɱҶʨүü˪Щӡ
Ҷʨү츳ܲȵǣҶʨүƺе⡣
֪ʥô󱲣츳ӣһֻ󱲶ѣ޷ôӡ
޷ʱյ֮ôǿҲֻѣ
˹ϵ˴֮ʵ⣬೸⣬ȻżЩìܣΪάеİλʼձſƣӲìܼ
ҲǸղ»̫ϳԸŹԭĹ»̫ϳһҪ׷ĻǱض
Ҷʨүһ·ɱ룬гȺӵħħ˲Χ¶ȴǱҶʨү˺һӣɱһѪ·
ҶǼʱûҶָͻȻ˵زһ΢Ĺâǹâָĳ
Ҷһݣ˵Ļȵźţ鷳


817 ħ
ҶȻǼˣǶ˻ûʲôУ֪Լϵʲôһһ죬ʶˡ
ȻȣҶҲ޷⣬ȡ
ʨүߣȥҶʨү⣬ƹâָʾķӶȥ
һ·ϣȻħħΧɱҶʨүԡѪսһ߲ͣնɱħħˣһչԶ̽
ֻԶһϣ˸µˣħΧ
Χħڶ࣬ȫɱȺΧ
˸ŮУڷֿħƴɱѾˣҲֻƣӦԣֹۣ᧿Σ
ħ֮϶дһЩħױħأҿƵĵҩȥ֮ԽϿػָơ
ʦ㣬ħ̫ˣɱô죿һĽСŮ𿣬һſɰֻǴʱСǽ֮ɫ
˸˵УͷһŮӣһǳɫװƤüĿ续ںڵ㷢ԺһԵӢˬֳ˫ʮصΪ
Ȼмɫꡢ̨黹ЋYôһȣȴѷɫ˼֡
ƺΪס
ܣɫԭǸ󲿶һ֮صģһ·֮صĵش֮ħôֳ࣬Сɢˣû뵽֪ͻȻӿôһȺħǸΧˡ
ûʦֵϢʵӽһ嵽ǰħɱ
ûУʦǹѾ뵽֮ظˣǸĽСŮһ赲ħĽһ˵£˸˵Сġ
ٵħΧ룬ʩչ˻Ľ߶˱󣬲ǿؼ
Ҷ֣ħ֮ϡһͨħԱЩħָӵģħʮأΪͨʮصħҪǿܶ࣬ʱյ֮תǾֻһˣ
˸˹˰㣬Աסˣǵƺǰ֮ظˡ
ɫǣҪٴȥЩʦáʦǿ¶Ҫ˴
Ȼ֮˵̫ϳ裬̫ϳҲҪһ㲻֣ÿ֮˻൱ġ
ֻˣҲûʲôҪǱħƣħˣԸ˸ɴ࣡
أϲϵطսѾǿ֮ĩ
ۿǵĻҪˣӰȻӲɱ˳
ӰһһϮµˣһǻȼɫʨҶʨү
ɱжʱȼһ˿ϣ
лλǰȣʥм˵ǿҶʨүһ·ɱƣɵôһ¡
ҶʨүֱݣҶӶĺӰ֮䣬һֲĺɫӰ֮˳ƬƬħ
ʨϻʢʹΧĿ֮Χħ׷ϻҽУȼճ˻ҽ
˺ǿʵһСŵϴ󣬾̾
ʮصŵУʮǿߣǸ߾֮İףߵһĵʱյ֮Ҳʱյ֮Ϊ׼
ǰֳʵȻѷɫʮλʦ֡ʦˣ
һҲ˸Ĺâҿ˼ʱϵڵþˣ
ħһأҶֳĺӰ֮ħͷǸɫħȥҪħնɱ
ǸħİĿؿһҶۡػһɫݡ
ߣҶȵһն£һ׵ĺɫǸħ׷ȥ
ʱֻԱϰٸħȫسĺӰ֮Ľ˹
ۣЩħĺӰ֮ĽӰѸҶʱ򣬷ǸħѾˡ
Ҷаѣ֪ħʲô죬ħȫȻԸһڻܣ֪ħʲô⣬ԺСΪá
һߣʨүҲɱħڽڰˣϻħ
Ǹħ֮ʣЩħҲ׷ɢӿҶʨү䵽ǿϡ
лλ֪֮λγƺȭϴһĨˬʵӢǸм֮顣
ҹҶ΢΢׵
ǽʨүͺˣʨү˦˦ͷϵëЩص
Ҳ׷׵л
λ·𣿡Щʵ
յǵźţϹˣҶһչʾһԼơ
ԭʥõˣһЦһӱ˺ܶࡣ
֪ҹʦǺʱʥõģһʵ
ǰǻʶҹʦأҲһЦ˵ҶʥѾܾˣӦѾʶ˲ŶԣҶʨүʵ֮صϣҲѾ˰ɡ
ҸռûãҶܸоǸħûȥĳһǣҶҷɾ衣
ԭˣ˻Ȼ
׼ȥҪȥ𣿡Ҷʵ
ҶʨүģҲףֻҶʨүҶռûã϶һ֮صϾչǡ
Ұ͵ȫĵطɣ¶ɣҶһµ
ɣҹʦ֣ǿ϶Ҫ֮أǸʦһģӦѾ֮ˣٴһ·Ӧþҵˣ
ԣҶ΢΢ס
˶Ҷʨү˸мҶʨүڿѾˣֻѾΪħˡ
߰ɡҶʨүڿն𣬴İ˳֮ظȥ
˶ˣҶʵһ߻ӶĺӰ֮;ħȫնɱƬ
Ҷһ·ɱ˾ĽҶʵǿǸʦҲǲˣԱߵʨүȻһͷʨӣҲѷɫӡ
ܹһٶˣӵʦ֣ʦʥǰ֮һ֮صŵѾ˵ʱյ֮˵Ҫһ壬λʦֲͬ⣬ĵʱյ֮Ҷʥûô˽⣬һ
ŶҶӦһʱյ֮𣿿ѾǷǳ˲˰ɡȻԸʱյ֮Խ࣬δӰӦǷǳġ
֪Լʲôʱܹһʱյ֮


818 β
ҶСӣǸͷħں棬ֻǲ֪ʲôλãʨүҶ
Ҷ΢΢ͷҲоˡ
ǼһȻҲʮأҲ֪ʲôصı죬ӦûвҶһǿҵţκʮصǿߣܵģ
˸Ҷʨүĺ棬֮ء
ŰСʱ֮ͻȻϲصҽӵʦֵѶϢ
µϢ֮󣬶ʱϲػ
Ƭ̣Զڰ֮гһ
ϰ֮࣬Ż󣬳ףһ֪ͷ
ͷһɫս׵ˣĽ׳ݸ㣬Ӣ˲ơ
֮˹ǵǰĿϣһ˿֮ɫ
ǸղȥǣǸбƳһҶʨүԹԶص
ҶüӦþ˿еʦˡһƺΪԸһĿ˵ӡ
ҶûǸʦ֣ɨɨȺˣЩ츳ӣٶϣϵϢͨٶһЩͬ
˺ųǿûԭģû㱾»ˣûʸ˵ġ
ʦ֣ǸղŲСɢˣħΧɥҿλҹʨүæŰҹǽڼʥõģҲǵˣܵмؿҶʨүһۡ
ŶǶлλˣҽףû뵽λҲʥõˣ֪λĽ˭׺ſҶʨүƵģĿ´ǣһƲ׾ĹâҶʵƺǿ
죡ҶԸо׵ĿⲢôѺãƺе˼
ԭִģЦЦ̬ȱÿһ㡣
ҶԸоı仯˲Щмʱյ֮һȣһ䣬һ
΢ЦűȭҹֵܿʵԺǿԶд裡ʦʦ̣Ҷ᲻̵߽ģ
ҶԸо־Ӹµļƣûбȭֻǵ˵˵ʥʮصܹŽǰ
ⶼǴҸӡ׹һЦмֵɫ
Ժ˵Ҫ־ˣʲôĵط벻Ҫ֡ҶһȻص
ϵĵɫסˣ̲ס΢΢鴤ΪѾˣû뵽һġ
һģ˵ҪǿЦûиܵҶκʱյ֮ʣɼҶһʱյ֮û
һʱյ֮û򣬾Ǹ˵ҹ־Զأǲأ
ǶضҪҶһʱյ֮
һ˹ʸ׾ģ
һЦ
оҶʨү֮ŨصĻҩζЩΪʥʮǰĸ֣һЩģղŶҶʨү̬ЩӣҶҲоˣںػػ
߰ɡ׶Աߵ˵תͷֿһҶЦЦҪսң֮صϽǰ˵ɣ
ҹ磬ʦʵûж⣡ؽ͵
Ѿ͵طˣҾˣҶһЦԺʨүʨү߰ɣ
ȥ
µ˿ҶʨүıӰжһЩա׶˵ʱЩԸ;Ӹ£ҶҲǷ˷һ𣬱ضԡ
ʲô֮صûȻҪսʦ֣ǲ֪ߵغ񣡡ױһӵЦһ࣬׵ֵܡ
ǣһʱյ֮ûҲԼＸԱ߼˸ŵ
Щ죬ҪЩˡ
סҡҡͷЩ˱粵Ҳûʲôãʹ֮ͬ϶ҶʨүʵضܹЩ˹Ŀ࿴ġ
֮ѾǵˣϾͿԳȥˣ׿һҶʨүȥıӰЦһ£תͷ˵ȻѾˣǾûʲôˣǵʱ䵽߰ɡ
΢Щ˸кεؿһԶȥҶʨү
Ű֮һͱ˳ȥ
֮һϣҶʨүѾ֪նɱ˶񼶵ħԽ֮صģħԽǿкܶȻѾܹʱյ֮
ʮ֮󣬶ʱյ֮ԽԽ̣ĳһֻ߼ʱյ֮£ЩͿԱǳǿʵҪҪЩʱյ֮ںϣﵽ˵е˺һ֮
ħȻħǵһҲҪʱյ֮
಻ͬǣħǵڶ壬Ǹʱյ֮ϳ̶ȣԶͨࡣÿһħֻҪǧ϶ܳΪϵǿߣΪǿĴڡ
ΪľޣϰУܲôһܹѾܹﵽ۷ˣܹΪڶ塣
͸ҶʥһҶʥǿȵһͨڶ廹ҪǿһЩǲĵһ塣
ҶϣѾӵһЩˡ
Ƭ֮أҶһ߷սһ߸еʱյ֮
ʱյ֮Ʈ죬׽һЩǳˣȫ޷ӦĴڡ
ȻҶȻǸǳˣڽҾ֮ҶԼǸӦʲô
о֮Уƺһɫʰ߲ʱյ֮ʶصٿţѲ׽ȴʵڵģ
Ӧʱյ֮Ĵ֮ҶоԼ˶ʧȥƯ·Լľһ㡣
һСʱҶϵնɱӿħһѪս֮ǰ˲١
ħȫɥʧһ㣬һηҶʨүĽûֹͣ
ҶСӣЩħе쳣˭ںʹģӦҪǵȻ룡ʨүƲֵصûû˵սУʨүɵЩ꣬⻹ûˣʱ䶼ûУ
ӵʥ塢ʨүûиоƣۡ
ҲˣҶ˵ͷһֱעΧ
뵽֮ǰǸħǸħͨħܲһͨħǻƺȽϵͣǸħҶһ𣬺еڲͬ
Ҷһֱоβ棬ӦþǸħˣ
֪ǼһﵽҪʲô


819 
Ҷʨүɱ¾ЩħʱͻȻ֮䣬ԶƯһöƴ
ֱƯҶǰﲻˡ
öӨ͸ɢŵĻԹ⣬һ
ɱôãˡҶ֮ǰ٣Ϳ֣֮ڵʯϣ־ͻֳӶĹע
Ҷָɷ֡ҹ
Ƭ֮ʨүǰҲһƴʨүһЦҲ֡ʨү
ʧˡ
ҶСӣ˵Ҫǳˣ᲻кܶСĸʨĽʨүһʵ
ӦûġҶмֺЦعάһʨү
ҶĻشʨү¶˵ЦݣʨүôɱħҲֵˣ
ʱ֮ڴ
ڸ׼һٽ֮أͻȻ˴ͷԱߵǿʯ
ֻǿʯĵײȻ֣ҹʨү
Ȼһû뵽гҹľȻĽǰ٣ͷʨӶһˣ
磬ǸҹʨүѾǰ٣ഫԶ׵
۾ǿʯɨȥ
ʱʥõ˷׷׾£ǿʯǰ
ǻؼǵðǰҶ˵ҪսףǻЦҶ֮ǰٶˣû뵽ǲŸճûãһһʨǰ֮С
Ƕʱһ˵ȥĻĸоϻġ
ÿ֮ص˲űǰٲôýģܹǰٵģһǾž֮
ҲսǰٶѣһЩм±
µ˴ʱҲۼʯǰ
ҹ
ʨүҲ
뵽֮ǰҶʨүɱ¾Щ񼶵ħǿвһ򵥣ҲǣҶʨүʵôǿǰӦǷǳɵġ
Χ£ʯǰʥõԽԽ࣬˷ܵ۷׷ס
ʥýǰٵܹʮҪˣ
ֻһǸʨүʥõġ
ʨүͳҹϵǳȻҹʥãʨүҲضġ
֪֮Ѿ˼죬ܹ嵽ʲôλã
˵Ǹҹ˵Ҫսʦ֣
˵Цذɣʦֿǰĸ֣
ǵױϵ۾΢΢ɫЩÿ
ҪսңҵҪʲô£аޣһ˷ųսǶһ裡
ʱʥЩǷһƬ
ǿҹúÿ죬ǸʨүҲǣ
˵ĵڣҶʨүѾѸٵ˰ʮͰʮ塣
ٵİɣǰ֮Ǻѵģôô죡
Ӧɱʮصħ
ǰ̫֮ϳǶע⵽ǣǲ٣
µ˶ΪҶʨү粵š
ģٶȺÿ죡
ֻƬ̶ѣҶʨүȻʮʮţµҲȻˣҲЩɻҶʨүǲס
˵ľڰ಻ס˫ǿʯɫѿˡ
Ҷʨүɱ𣬸֪˶ǵۣҲ֪ǵڿ쭡
ǽ棬⻹ֻǵһѡ
滹ʱ䣡
棬ϵ˶ţܶ˶ҶʨүֳһЩȤ
ضʯųҹβɫԽԽѿ뵽ղҶ˵ҪսĻΪ̶
ʥʮصǿ棬ʥһֱһɰҪΪʥʮĵһ
Ѿʱյ֮һֱԸõǻİҪ϶ǰõһöѪʥ
ݵһСԼƣ
οҶһʱյ֮û
ȻսңҾ棡ĿˣҪ۵ģ
ֹ˼СʱҶѾ˵ڶʮʨүǵʮһ
ܷѽ⣬Ҷʨүôô죬Ҫ֪֮ôߵģʮ͵ܶ˶ӵǷǸ̶֮һζǷǳѵģܹô졣
̶ȣӦûͣһͣ˰ɣ
ʯǰЩʮصǿ۷׷ףһЩʮǿ߽֮ؼʮΣòһΣҶʨүһӶһΣĵѪ֪
Ⱥˣɶһ̬ˣٶʱյ֮
Ӧòټ˰ɣ˵ҹһʱյ֮ûᣡ
ʯǰ棬һ˾ţüΪ׳ĸߴ󣬾һͷ͵Ұһ㣬ΧγһƬյش˶ԶԶؼһߣ׿
ֿ˵ܵʲô̶ȣȥӦѾǵ˰ɣĳ˰ɣֻһվ˵ߣЦſʵ
ֿͷڣݼ񣬳ȴʯһ峺ֿ֮иҶһܵ޹ǣֻѾһòԨҲϲˡ
ֿ֣ʯϺȻڵǰֻˡ
룬ӦܸȵһսԪҲĶֿ֡峺һʣ૵˵뵽֮ǰ֮УҶ޿ƥСݿһȭҶʵ̫ǿˡ
ôܣȵԪĵʱյ֮ˣȻֻȴҫļ̳ߣǿǵڶǿڣԱǸţͻȻ뵽ʲôֵص֣ˣܰɣӦûٻɣ
ֿĿ䣬ȷʵûٻ飬һָоٻ飬ҲҶĶ֡
ֿûлشǸǷѽˣѵǸĻֿ
˵ʥҪˡ
ܹʮǰ֮УǾصĶΪţһΪǻΪͻͻͽ
ʱ֮سǱĶ㣬һĴ档
ǰϣһ˾Ʒ裬칧վһߡ
ҹҪ֮صϷˣʥúͽʥùƶע⵽˸ʥ֪һҹѾʥˣ¶һĨЦ⣬˿ڲ
ǣ칧Ӧ
ֿʱյ֮ˣȻǳҹĶ֣ҹƺһʱյ֮ûɣЩɻ˵ĿؿԶʯ֪ҹܴľϲأ


820 ħ
ˣڽӴҹʱ򣬷Ȼûʱյ֮תںںʱյ֮ҸоЩֵĵط΢ü
ûʱյ֮ȴѾںʱյ֮𣿡˳ţ˵ҪΪҪһ߶ʱյ֮ʱյ֮ͻ۵ߵܱߡ
׶Σ峤ʱʱյ֮Уͻ֮ںϡǵһࡢڶںϵĹ̾ͻȽϿ졣壬ںϵĹ̾ͱȽˣҪǻİɡ
ҶƺЩ⣡
ĵؿɣܹﵽʲô̶ȡ˵һЦƽ˵ǹѾ˵ʱյ֮ĻǿӦòѡ˵ĺ󱲣ҲУ
ǹѾǿߣֻһѣʵˣԸƥеĴڣһĺ󱲣˲ű˸оĪв
һֱİλǾԲԸ⹰˵ġ
Ϊάδİλ˵ʥöﲻϵɫ˲š
ҶҲʱڣߣҶΪصġ
ֿѾһеٮٮˣȻҶĶ֮֡ǰǼ£ֿԼǿҪģֿԨһѣõľ޶ǮҲȫֿˡ
û뵽Ǹ֣Ȼµն
ֿȻʥܳĵӣǸʥõȵнʥõԪȣǲһأ֪Ҷܷսǰˣ
ʱҶνĿʥúͽʥԭ׼Ҷ֮س֮Ҷģû뵽ʥøǴϢҶѾʥˣʥҲֻա
֮رҶһ٣ִֵðһǧ̵󣬿֮صʯĿˮҶ֮ǰٵּʥãԸҶЩ鷳ˣвŭ֡
һҪҧݣ֮Ⱳĳ衣
֮أһϡ
ҶĺӰ֮ʨүһһħ
ʱƣҶ֣ЩƷħڽʱ򣬻һ͵ġ
Ǹڱݵļһʲô
Ҷͺһͷų꣬չ˳ȥ׷ѰǸħڡ
һֱڰжţʵ˲ô̤ʵ
ڸһȺţһֱ׷ѰǸħټ֮ȫǳȺӵͨħǸħӰ
Ҳ
Ҷ΢üͷš
ôҵ𣿡ʨүһʵ
ûУҶҡҡͷ˹ˣоǼһһֱβǣΪʲôƫƫҲأ
ҶȻԺһһһͨħˣ
ӦǹϢڣҶһ·׷˹ȥȻ֣ڳȺͨħУһһ
ʨүһܣ׷ҶȺΧǵħɱһѪ·
ڱǷˣ̵ģһ·ʨүҺܲˬʨүҲǱһΧħȫײ˳ȥ
Ҷʨүͣɱǵһ·׷ٶȥ
ǳħݵü죬ƬƬǾۼ֮󣬡ಡһһž޴ǵУû档
Ҷʨү׷ں棬Ƭ֮Ҳı档
Ǽһȥˣʨүüͷ
ҶӦһ£Щڲͬܲһ磬֪ʲôܡ
Ǹô죿ʨү˿ڴҶʵ
ȥҶһµܾǸħеŹ֣˵֮棬ĳЩܣ˵ţ档
ӵʥ壬ո˵ʨүҲû˵ʲôҶ棬һһʨಡһҲû档
˿̣ھ˴ǳңԶһϣϵ»̫ϳȻ˫ۡ
ף»̫ϳϵѸٺɨȴ֮أѾܲҶϢˣ֪Ҷȥ
ΪԼ֪ʧˣ»Ѱһ飬ȻûзҶڡ
ѵҶʲôķ뿪֮أ
Щˣ֮ʵһյ򣬳ͨͷ˽Ҳȥ
Ҷʨүȥ
»̫ϳ׷ҶʨүϢҶʨүʧĵطϸѰţǳ˿һǣʲôûз֡
һǱͨǴҲûֵ̫ĵط
˿̣Ǹ޴棬Ҷʨү֮󣬷ﾹȻһƬޱȵĿռ䡣
ԭпյģ
Ƭռ룬һʮӴĺɫţֱмǧףһһ㣬ءͣţÿһͬһ㣬˶Ĥۣƺȥ
ɫŰһƬĻ֮Уȼš
ŵÿһһɹɿֲɫΪģɢһơ
ɫŵΧ£ٸħЩħղǸħһ嶼ǳɫģ
һﵽʲôʨү㵵صɴ۾оǺɫΪɢǹһֻһеϢ
ҶҲɫȻоһĺ⣬Ȼ֪һĺɫŵʲôܹоɫ棬һǳǿµ
ҶʨүȺħħ۴ҶʨүǵͻȻ䱩ʮ˸ǧ׵Ȼȼųȵܻ档
Щһﲻ򵥣Сĵ㣡ʨүɫصص
ҶеĺӰ֮һһӿһǧ׳ĽӰն䡱һ죬ǵӰնһħϣءһǸħĺӰ֮Ľնˣ˼ֻһѪ˿вӿ
Ѫ죡
ҶüͷЩħ̫ŹˣﾹѪӦöǸصйأ
ŵʲô
ǸħҶĺӰ֮֮󣬷ŭһһ˫ͨ۾Ҷ¶ļ˵Ұһ㣬ٴγҶ
أ
ʨүſһϻ𣬺˳ħϣĽǳħȻսһ飬ħһϻ֮㱻ȼմֻһЩ˶ѡ
ҶСӣЩйŹ֣²ǵĶ֣ʨүеӣܿħĹ
ЩħȻֻʮصΪܱһֹΧĺӰ֮ʨүϻ𣬶޷ɱ


821 ʱյ
ǧ׵ĳħҶʨүΧģһɱʮֵΣ
ҶСӣķɵʨүһ߶ųħĹһ߼
ҶĿһѾϰٰɵЩɵ⻪䣬Ҷܡ
һħ˵Ҷĸǰ׺ݵһצҶ
ХҶͷõ
Ҷزоħצ£һܵɵܵһʹಣȫħ˹ȥ
ۣ
ϰٰɵЩħϣһѪЩѪѪ
Ҷһ
Щħڵɵʱȫ
أһ촫
Ǹħزҽţ屻ըͬһ㣬ķ˳ȥ
һ
ɵúãʨүеϻʢԾЩħĹʱʱյƤһ顣
ȴʱԱħѾҶ˹
Ҷһܣһɵ
Щħʵ̫ˣȻӵࡢһѪ֮˵ħֵڶ壬һ㶼ŶԣŪʲô
ҶܵɵѾԱߵĳħȥ
أ
촫һħɵ顣
ҶСӣɵʹģЩһ˸һ֮󣬱øӲʵѶԸˣʨү̲סƵص
ʨүĻҶͻȻһ⣬ЩħȷʵͨħҪѶԸö࣬ĪҲһֽӵڶ
Ҷɻˣкܶܣ޷ģ˵ڶ壬ȵǿŶԡħΪʲôҪ
Ҷһ˼ţһ߲ϳ֡
ڶ

Ҷָɵħ׼ɵʣֻħʱֻԶǾ޴ĺɫͻȻųһâҶ㿴һɫ֮ǰһ߳ħϣȻ󣬹鷢ˣ
ֻǳħѾѵ徹һ˺Ѹٵ޸ţܿǾٿȻѪ˫ۣվ
ЩһȻܸ
ҶеͷƤһ飬δҲ̫ˡ
ҵѽǾȻܻʨүֽһȻҲܾС
ҶɫصؿǺɫţһĸԴǾ޴ĺɫϣʨүЩħȫɱ⣬ڣЩħǻḴ
ʨүȥУЩһḴǵøɵǸһУҶʨү
ʨүüԶȥǺɫɢһɹɻԵомֿ־壬
ҶСӣǻ߰ɣǶƲöԸʨү̲ס˶ϵëһֺⶶ
ǣƬռǱסˣǳȥˣһӦǲ뱻˷֣ԽȥҶü̽һ£ָ޷뿪궼ǽ練˻
˭뵽֮棬Ȼһط
ǿˣʨүˣŭһϻøӳʢ
ʨүҲµˣȻ֪ȥǾֻƴˣ
һɱȥҶѾӡ͸ӡˣʨүΣգøӡʨүһЩɲǾͷӡ
ҶʨүܿЩħһ㣬Ƭռĺɫš
ڽӽɫŻǧҵľʱҶһܵɵಣȫǺɫżȥ
Щɵлһ⣬ͻȻ֮䣬ȫƾʧҶҲӦˡ
ô£Ҷһɻ֣ЩɵôͻȻ䲻ˣû顣
ҶСģȻʨүźԱߴ
ҶһݣתͷȥֻʨүҲƾʧˣ֪ʲô飬ͻȻ֮䣬оһŨʱյ֮ҪѾˡ
Ƭ֮Ҷٴ۾ԼʨүһܱյĿռ档
ҶҲ֮ʨүЦҶСӣǱסˣǴһΧʱյۣÿһʱյ۶һĿռ䣬Ƿ档
Щʱյ۾һռѷ죬ҪȥǺѵģʵǿһ̶ȣܹЩʱյ۷ֽʱյܴ֮
һʱյۣͨͷǰܿǵʱ򣬸оռǱһ㡣
ʱյԱܿǱ߸ǿʨүȻȫ档
ҶǰȥֻضʬǣܶʬǶѾüΪˡ
ʱյ棬ŵٶļʮ򱶣ǾǿߣҲֵסŵձһصĿݹǡʨүЦŵҿӵʥ壬ܿ⣬ͨڿѾϵòˡ
Ҷ΢û뵽ʱյ۾ȻôѵǾȫû취ͻƬռ
վһ·ǰȥصʱЩʬǣ˲仯Ϊ˷ɻҡ
ҶȭƬռı߽磬һɾ޴ķˣƬռ˿βơ
ܽǷֽ⣬޷ƿʨүҡͷ̾
ܶôǿܻһؼ㣬ҿҶǰȥ
Ҷ仰еģʨүҲ´񣬸Ҷĺ棬ĴѰ
һ·ǰ̤űصʬǣ˳ʱյۿռǰţ;ϸƬռ㡣
ǣһֱûҵƳķһξ֮һӰȻǵǰ
һݸɡߣô·Ѿȫˣ˶ֻʣһͷӣƤһֻҰɫƤһϡ
ۿذݽȥΪûѪ֧ţͷǵѾɼˡ
ҶϵˣӦˣ˺ܾãѾŵýʣһ˿ϾҪĸоˣ黹Ҫŵö࣬·ֻһˡ
ô۾ϣѾܲһ˿Ϣɢʱյ֮ҶΪѾˣ
Ȼϻһ˿ʱյ֤֮һˣΪһ˵޷κġ
ŶԷɢϢҶһݣԷһǿߣҺпѾﵽ۷弶ˡ
ţѾ൱ڻ꣬ϾҪӡ
·о˽ӽͻȻ۾Ȼ۾Ȼ޹⣬һ֮ɫϾţ
ʲôˣô˻Ƶʵǵһ㣬˵üΪ
ǰǲСҶԷҲԼһб


822 
ҶĻߵУһ˿ع⡣
ǡˣǳٻ̧ͷҶʨү˵϶ʱѾɿݵÿһ˿ˡ
ǲŸոսһᡣҶ
ѹǻšͲٻųȥˡ˻ƣʲôѾӵˡ
ߵĻҶʨүһݡ
ҶߵĶʵǰʲô֣ˣ
һǿߣѾٶˡߵƺЩسԶǶѿݹǿһۣһĻжʮѾ˳
߾һǿߣ
ֻ꣬ѣһøַǿߣȻΪżӿ죬⸱ģʵ̫ˣǲ취ȥ¾ʥ壬Ҳ
ǰ֪֪ǺɫţʲôҶüʵǺɫźܲ򵥣λЩܾܿΪɫŶ
Ҷ˵ĺɫţУһĨη֮ɫΡΡصСħ̥ǵһ塣óһЩԼԽԽǿֱ̥һ̣ǾͻɷǳֲĴڡ
ħ̥Ҷ΢û뵽ǵһ塣
תһ£˵ȥЩؿҶܷһЩ
Ҷ룬ǬóһЩҩݸ
ЩɢԵҩϲ֪Ķ̧һץ˹ȥ̻ܿͽЩҩȫʳȥ
Ƭ̣״ƺתһЩˣܹԻҲʩչһЩ΢ˡ
һЩ˵ħ̥һͻ÷ǳǿ󣬵ҺЩαЩʱյ档
һӣӸҶһõ
ҶɻؽһĻĻӰӳ֮С
ֻУһߴľ˰Ȼһץס飬˽ȥſһ鱻븹С
Ǿ˷ɨϵ飬Ȼǿ֮Уͣ壬嶼ɵֻʣһտǡ
һ֮һԾмٴУ䵽һϣɡ
Ǹ顢壬ħ޵Ҳ˵ɶ
Ҷľѣµľ˾ɳħ̥ʵ̫ǿˣ
ħһ֪жͿ̿
ҿħ̥ҪܷĻ򽫻һƽ٣µصҶϵĽָлۣ¶һ˿ƵĿҩܲٸһЩ
ôӣҶЩˣóһЩͨҩݸ
ذҩȫȥǿݸɵͬƤһƤڻһ˿Ĺʣ϶һ˿Ϣ
ǿ߹ȻŷǷܹͨģֻһЩͨҩѣͿѸٵذЩҩת
ǰôã֪ô뿪Ҷʵ
֪꣬뿪ڵȫУһָʵпؿ˿ҶĻۺͽָһ⡣
ҶȻ֮䶼УҩӦв٣
ʨүϽҶҶСӣҪСһ㣬ͷ֪ƷΣָʵܷԱǸ⡣
֪Ҳ̫ˡ˵ĻЩɾšҶʨү
Ŷ¶ʨүʵ
ղ˵Ϊ˲ħ̥ŴǶʮģ϶ǻԣħ̥沼˽磬ֻܽܳô֪гħ̥ģǺпֻѣ֪гħ̥֪ħ̥ǿֻʮ϶ķ׽ðգҶһЦҪԼαװɵ¸֮ȴû뵽¶
ҶĻʨүһЦҶСӣĳɳģѾ֪նˣ
еʱ򣬳ɳҲһܿɱ飡ҶЩп˵
ʨүĬնֺαѧɳʱһԼ
ҶûлӦʨүʲôЩżˣֻҪǸ㹻ҩǾܳȥˣΨһĻᣡ
ҶҡҡͷǰҩǰָʵЩҩȫǰǽǾûбĶˡ
ҶĻͫô֪˵ҲûָʵҲܴʱյۣ
ֻܱǸˡʨү˶ë
˿Ҷֿ˿ʨүЩŭصЩֻԱˣĲŻԽԽĮǿ϶Ҫˣ
Ҷüëһһ
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Ƭռеĳħ̥ԽԽ࣬˷˽
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Ҷһҩʣ޼ΪǴ򲻹ҶʨүģǸûᣡ
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ûгħ赲Ҷӡճħ̥ȥ


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ٸħܿħĺ˴
ħ񽢵⿪ʼڳħ̥ϣȻԳħ̥ҲһЩ˺ȼƺ̫һЩֻڳħ̥ıһЩڶѡ
ħ̥൱ǿģ⻹ֻ̥ѣֵܵסħĺҪ֪λڶħܼĺҲҪˣ
ֱħ̥ǿʲô̶ȣ
Ҷ֮ǰĻ棬Ǹľˡ
Ǿǰϰˡ
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ҶɫȻӡӡųħ̥
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㣬Źңʱһ۵ش˹
ħ̥ȻԼ
ҶػӦΪʲôҪŹ㣿
ҿ԰ҵħ̥֮ĸ㣬ŹңǸ۵Դſǻ
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ڷǳԶ֮ǰħûгֵʱ򣬳һǻһ֮䣬Ѿս֮ˡ
ǻ괴֮ĵ壬ޡ֮ʥȵڶ壬ɱ¾һ壬ӴһҴֻˣǻһ׷ɱ
ħħսһűΣգȴҲʧأҴ˼Ϊϡˡ
ǻ¾һ壬ĿľΪ˳ħ̥ħ̥֮ģ
ħ̥֮ǳħ̥ڷʱΪĶһڷʱʧȥħ̥֮ģôĳһЩζڶ嶼ǡΪ˱Լĺǻսףֱ塣
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ҶĬãһԵ
֪ħ̥˵һǼ٣Ҷǳˮ¼׼ȥԪǻʸ
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ҷŹ㣬뿪֮ҪرƬռ䣬˽ˣҶһɫħ̥Ҳܲȥ
㲻Ҫҵħ̥֮𣿡ħ̥ʵЩš
Ҫħ̥֮кãҶ˳֪ƭңһʰģҲܲҶϹУѾ֪˳ħ̥ڷ֮ǰû취Ųطġ
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ȷŹʱҲû취Ҷ̾ϢһǻֻΪһ֮һ壬Ǿ˵ˣ
Ҷһֱħ̥һУӦòм١
ǰԪǵʱҶ˼ܼ򵥣ֻҪúػԪǶѣƴ֮˼ЩˡȻԪǻ껹ǳм;ģȴҵ׷ǻꡣ
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Һ徿ǲѪ֪ľЧãȷûж֮ǰҶǲõġ˵ѪҶ뵽˴꣬˵ŴѪ;ǡ֪ѪǲƵĶ
лҶ˾еƿһԶĳħ̥
лллŹҡħ̥һ˿ѶϢ
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Īʮǰʮԭ״򲻶Ҫһ


825 ǻʥ
ʥõǶҶʨүĽݼʵʱ˵ĸ߲һ顣
ʥõȫ۷弶ǿߣʵʮλ̫ϳϺλƽʱʮλ̫ϳϺλ¶棬һ鶼ʥõʮǵͬ
ʥһĴƽϣվԱߣϷһӰʮ߸ˡ
ʥõϾ۷弶ǿߡ
Ϊոռʥõĳҹͷϻʨ뵽ʥؽ֪λʲôϾ΢Цſ˵
δ⻹˵㣬ǰʮ˵ɣӰеһ˿˵ʥõһɫսףĸߴ࣬ݳ࣬ԵüΪϡ
ҲͬСӲ֪ðģǻĵϸھʥأδ̫˰ɣԨ޷޵صôϲҹھڵСӣ
ԨԭҶģû뵽Ͼһɺ޵ϾһֱǺܶͷϵǽ˼㡣ԣϾҪʲô飬Ԩ϶ǻᷴԵġ
ĵϸѾˣҿΪϾһֱɫƽһЦ
ǳǰʮ͵ǻʥ˷ôԴڳҹͷʨǷֵãϾͷʨӵΪֹһʱյ֮û򣡡һΪص
Ϊûʱյ֮Ÿڴ𣿡ϾŵЦ⼸ǧǿ˭һʱյ֮û򣬾֮صϳǰʮ𣿡
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ϾĻԨ棬˶м⶯
Ҳһ𣬲һΣ˷һЩԴˡһƫԶ֮أû˽̵ʱյ֮˵ʱյ֮֮󣬻ͨ˸ǿ󣡡Ͼ΢΢һЦ
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ҶֻǽӴһ֮ѣоǷһ㣬һ־˵С
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ħ̥Ӧûƭңⶫܲ򵥣ܹͨóģҶ̾صƿѪӦǼΪģ
ħ̥͸Լ֤ĳ⣡


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֮죬Ҷʨүűͳ֮ء
Ҷʨү֮صĴͷʱһϵ˶Ŀʨүϣɫ˵Ĺ졣
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ҶʯĶˣ֪һԪڶȵʲôˣǿʲô̶ȡ
ʵҶʨү֮棬ĥʱ䣬¶ĳĻ˵ܹøߣҶѾˣ嵽һȥҲûʲô塣
֪Ҷ뷨֪ж˻Ѫǲϵؽ֮أĥΪܹ֮صո¶ͷǣõ߲ע⣬øԴõõ
ϴﵽһλãܹǻʥֵطһۡǶôҫ
ܹ֮ϴﵽһˣصĶϣǿߵˣ
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ӿҶʨүȥıӰϳ۵ɫǰǻʥأǿ飡
ҲֻҶʨү֮ӣлǰǻʥأ
Ժֱӽˣһ΢Цŵһǰ·
һ²⡣Ҷ
˵޷ֻҪ֪ģһᾡΪǽ𡣡
Уλǿʮλ̫ϳϸǿҶʵ֮صʱˡ
ЦЦԭ⣬һ治̫ʮλ̫ϳҲǿߣֻǵһ֮ǵʵͻᲽ˥ڣǸʱǱ㿪ʼˣ֣ʵר׷֮
ԭ̫ϳ϶һЩǿߣҶȻȻʵ˥ˣȻڵλǿˣ
ǾͲһˣֻǲ֪̫ϳǵʵѡҲһЩ̫ϳϲ˥֮ҵĳֳ֮ԽԽǿģ壬ӵеڶģҡҡͷԣݻ۵λλ𶼱Ȳʮλ̫ϳϣЩ̫ϳϳǵĹؼʱǲ׳ɽġ
壬ΪڶĴ
һЩǿ߶ԣӦûһЩԻõڶġ
ҶĿ䣬⻹ֻǱֳʵѣܹôãȾӵһȻһЩʵ
Ҷʨүһ𣬸һ񽢣֮󣬿ʥǡ
ŰСʱ֮ǳ񽢴һܲķߣǡ
Ҷ곯濴ȥֻ޴֮ͨһ㴣ϣֱâҫ޴Ӱϣ϶ׯһ㸩ء
Ͽһɫâһ˿һ㽻֯һܲ˷һ޴ʱ֮
ǵرǳɭϣͨҪǿд룬úܲҡ
ͣһƽ̨ϣҶʨү񽢡
վԵƬ̣Ͼͻ˹ǵģ΢ЦŵҲټˡ
Ҷʨү֮췵񽢣ڿն뿪ǡ
ҶʨүվԭأܣֻԶһ˳˹Ǹˣһ̴ӵװΪֻսʼѡ
λʦ֣ǻʥصĽʹйţλʦָǸ˼Ҷʨү¶˷ǳЦݣǰΪ·
֪ǻʥǸʲôĵطʨүһ
ǻʥӵ֮أλʦֺܿᵽƬʥصĺôˡЦŵ
֮أ֮ǰܽǻʥ𣿡Ҷʵ˵ŸռˣЩӦòô֮زŶԡ
λʦ־žޣ츳ˣõʥĴƼſôǻʥء̬ȿҶʨүɾͱض޿˿
ʥҶ룬λӦþеˡ
Ҷʨүڹŵĺ棬¸̨˳һСһ·ǰȥһƬĴ֮Уﻨ㣬ʤգ˸оһ㡣
ľĴд̤ʯһ·ȥǰ̨ͤ¥Сˮ֣Լܹٲ
֮Կһǻ¡
Ƭǻʥܹסʮһλʦʦ㣬ǸѡһطȻһλʦĵطԺλҲһطЩʦʦ㷢ͻŵ
Īʱͻ𣿡Ҷʵ
ʮһλʦʦ㣬ÿһλǾž޵֮ӣʱյ֮δ˵֧˭Ҳ˭ΨһܹŷģԪʦֺȵʦˣǶλĵʱյ֮ĳţ͵ʮĥϣ֮ĳͻҲ˺ܶ࣬λʦָã
·ϣ߹ҶʨүˣÿṩǻʥصԴһģһ󲿷ƽָ̯ÿһԱģһǸÿΪĹףַĽ
Ҷʨүոռǻʥأƽ̯һԴԭʮһƽֵģЩԴҪʮƽ֣˿϶ǳ
ܹǻʥصĵӣÿһ츳ǳ׿δ˵֧ܹܵԴһЩ򵽵ļƷȻЩȴҪ˷ߣвˬҲġ
ȻǲˬΣҶʨүŲں᲻ܵЩ˵ż
ҶʨүںɫпЦÿһģò˶ãƾͻᱻĥƽˡ
Ҷʨүһ·ǰȥһ̧ͷֻԶʥڣһ쳣ߴӰ׿ȻĿ⳯߿˹
ǵӰŲͷƤһôϣᱻ꼰źã
ÿһʦʦ㶼ʮصģʱյ֮ҪǴһսʿǳܲס


827 
ԶǸһ㽡׳ߴӰҶ۾ϸʨүŸյĪ˾ѾȲ
ҶϣȴûиܵԵĵ⣬Էֻڴѡ
ˣҶо⻹ʮڹ۲
ʮڱ˴˽š
û뵽ֽߣһʱյ֮ûᣬȻҲŽǻʥأ֪߲ôģһ˲صӣֿ
Ҹ֮棬ʵҲײмصݸѶϢǰһЩĿĵģײҶʨүʵΣȥ̽һ
ʵһ㣬һʱյ֮ûᣬȴܽǻʥأĪʲô˲õıɣһĵŮЦŵ
˭֪أ
֮ǰ֮ص嵽˵͵壡˵Щʵ
۷׷ף˶һЩΨԪʼճĬ
ҶʨүĵӰܴ󣬵ԪȴȫõģΪĵӣȱԴԲںǵʧֻһִĿҶʨү
ֿһȥʥվˣҪ
ѵֿ׼һ٣ҲãʵΪһˣǻʥأԺ͵üβˣЦһ
ˣϾģһ˵
Ͼмӣֿǿ϶ܲ
ȿϷʱֿȴǵһЦҶȥ
ѾһˡֿҶǰվڵһֱŵĳϢͷ˳ȥ
ϢƺЩϤҶо˶ԷصǵڶϢ˹֮ǰھһֵ޹ǣ
ԭ㣡ҶЦŵȴû̫졣
ɣҴǽȥֿһ۹ţţȻȥɣ
ǣŵͷ絷⣬ɴ⣬ϲص뿪ˡ
ҶʨүӣȻһЦֿĺһ·ʥȥ
ҶԸоʮڹ۲ǣʮһ˿˿ĵ⣬ҶʨүȫǵĴڡ
ʮཻš
ԭʶƵصԭ뿴Ϸģû뵽ˣһһʨֿţ붯ͱȽˣ
Сʵ̫ˣȫǵĴڣһɿصǲѵѵǣǼֱǲڣΪֿɽ˲ˣ
Ԫʦ֣ȵʦ㣬ֿţҲλܹһѵˣ
ԪûûκλӦȻ۲ʵһ״̬С
齻ҺˣȵЦʥõˣʥίиһЩ飬Ȼ岻ݴǵȥɣ΢΢̣ˣ
ǻʥһ޴Ĺ㳡ЩŵͱԵĵطеʱ򻹻ĳλ̫ϳϿི
˵һսģһĶ֣֮ٴһֿҶᶨصȼһĨܵս⡣
ʱ㣡Ҷ˵ҲһЩ൱Ķ֣дԼΪ
һ·ϽӴҶֿ˲ǴھֳײɱҲȽϹֱҶӡĹۡ
Ȼʥõˣʥţôȥ򾺼ҵϣѵɱ𣿡Ҷɻʵ
˵ֿ¶ķߺ޺ͳʹİˣĬƬ̣ҧгݵصȥҪģԨ϶Ų֮ɱ֮ˣд붼צר׬ǮģֻԼûɱ
ֿ飬Ҷ̾Ϣԭˣֲֿǰô
ԭһƺõľ֣û뵽ͻȻ룬ƻˡֿƽһЩ˲ȫû׼İɱˣҲʥõطҸΪ뾺֮ǰҵļƻʧǰ齻ˡ˵ҲҪл㣬飬ұضҪķǳΪ
ҶҡҡͷûޣҺαض֣
ΣҶҪлл㣡ֿ֣صص
ҶֻЦŵ˵ͷŪʼĩԨҲԩݺݵһѣô֪࣬ȥ֮᲻ѪǶԨּǿߣҲһĿˡ
㳡֮УҶͻȻоһɹӿȵ
λʮλ̫ϳϲµĽƣͬʱҲµʱյ֮ʮһֲͬнݺᣬͬʱǻҲǿеʱյ֮ڴˣʱյ֮һ죬൱ͨһ£ֿܵ
ĵطǻʥعȻ֮أ
ܹʱյ֮͸ᵽ˵صĲ֮ˡֿ
Ҷ̤㳡֮УоΧĳѸٵرã̧ͷȥǿգһ͵ǻԣǧ˿к˼
ǧٹֵľȫ̲ʱյ档
ʱյ֮ǿʱ򣬸֣ӳʱյ棬ʱյ֮ҲЩǣӽĴڡ
Уʱյ֮棬Ҷһȥֳ۵ס
˽Կ࣬ܿܿϵ棬ȻǸеһֻϣ΢ķʽţȻ˲ϵؿԷ
ҶȻһЩˣʱյ֮һӵǵĴڣǱضһ󱯵ߣΪɣ
ôضǺܿģΪĿ࣬
ʱյ飬ǱضǰǸ˼ġ𡱡
Ƭ㳡УҶľĿ顣
ȻģҶһ˿֮ģһϵķʽΧʱյ֮أʱյ֮·ܵ˸һ㣬ش˷ӿ
һʱյ֮ų߲ʹâҶΧģһ·һ㡣
Ҷɮ붨һ㣬ôƽվЩʱյ֮ģ
һȻҶһȫʱյ֮ȴҶʱյ֮ˡ
ҶоЩʱյ֮ľһ㣬˷ӿ
ʱҶת·˲ǧһ㡣
ǰҶͻȻվס˽Ųֿһ£Ƭ̣˷ʱյ֮ҶӿظӦʱյ֮ȸԾ顣
𺳲ѣҶŸո̤ѣ˶
⾿һֶô޵츳
Ҫ֪ʮ꣬ҲŸո̤ʱյ֮żѣ


828 
㳡ܲʱյ֮سҶӿȥһʱӿҶΪģγһ޴С
Ƭ㳡ϵʱյ֮һλʮλ̫ϳµģ̺Щʮλ̫ϳ϶ʱյ֮⣬ƽʱֿˣѾҲеһǰ㣬ÿһ㣬ܹǵΪͻͽ
Ȼ˿̣ʮһﾲֹʱյ֮ȻȫӿҶ;ĺӼ˼һ㣬ȸԾѡ
ҪʮһʱյȫҶǽǶô˵һ飡
Ҷ츳õֿ񶼸оʡ
ֿвɵӿһУҶЩʱյ֮ô˵ҪսҶֱǲˣ
ֿҲ֪ÿ˶иԵĻԵĶҶĻԵÿ˶Ҫ̹ȻؽԼˣݲˣҲ٣
оŷӿʱյֿ֮оþƽζ֮󣬲֪Ҷʵʲô̶ȡ
Ҷеһʱյ֮ʱֿ֮ʮҲˣǵע⵽˹㳡ߵ״
вһĪ𺳣ڹ㳡̫ϳǽȻҲֻԵǣΧʱյ֮ѡ
ڣҶĶ򣬾Ȼǣ㳡ʱյ֮
ʵ̫ˡ
һϣҶΪضǣ
ĪһܹսԪʦֺȵʦļһҪ
ΣֻδԪʦֺȵʦҲĶ֣
׿Ź㳡ϵһĻһѪ˿ɫ쳣ӿһĲʣƬֲ֮ȻȻףδܻҶĶ֣Ҷֻ±ض·һ
Ҷ֮ҪҶǸˣĻԺûкӹˡ
ǰߵٲģҲòͷ
˿̣ԪȵҲעҶҶսʱǲûаҶ˽еĵʱյ֮ˣҶҪǵĳ̶ȣʮ˵
ȴôˡ
ΣҶʱ򣬶δҲ̫ˣ
һҶϣʱյ֮Ȼһ׵ţٵõĳλĽ̵Ϊضͻͽò˼꣬ԪȵĶ֣
ֹ
ȵԪһ˲ͷ
㳡ϣֿʨүеҶҴ
ʱֻһŭߴ˵ǻʥط
͸ޱȵİԵϡ
Ԫ棬̺ۻʱյ֮һɹɰҶӿȥ
λ̫ϳǲڵʱԪǻʥصߣ
Ҷʱʱյ֮Ĺؼʱ̣һϣΪضп߻ħ
оԪİӿֿһüͷԪƽʱٹ˵£СˣһĵһԾӣκϡ
һвĵλߴɲзϣֱӻɱ
ԪоҶܻһЩвҪҶ
ȻֿҶ֮ҲȥԪ˿̵Со
Ҫȹһأ
ֿһǰһ߶Χʱյ֮ӭȥ
Ԫߵû뵽ֿȻҸԿǶϵƣ
߶һʱյֿ֮ȥ
˵ʱյ֮ڿмײõĻ𻨡
Ƭֿ֮һѪڶ·硣
Ԫһֿʱյ֮ˡ
һ졣
ֿۡһѪɶ
ߵʵһεģȻֿʱյ֮ܵһصǶʱյƵ򣬻ΪԪһأ
Ԫлʱյ֮ˣǧѵһţߵĲ಻һǰ㣡
ȻΪһİˣҶԿֱԪмһҪֹҶֿ񣬼߶Ҷֶȥ
һɹɰ̩ɽѹһ㣬ֲ·ҪҶѹ顣
ȵһĻйâת޵ϣ¶һ˿յЦݣЦһȻԪѾ֣Ϳʡ²ˡ
֪ԪԣһƣһȳסĵصԪȶ֣û뵽ǣԪ˺޹˼ɣĿŵķʽ˵Ķ
ǻʥأǻᱻ𷣵ģ룬Ԫţûʲôµġ
ԪʵȻˣҶˡ
ֻؿҶһЦҳ츳ȷʵҪǸʮʮ꣬ɾͱض֮ϣֻϧĲʱǣ
ԪҶѹµʱҶͻȻ˵ϻܵɫ棬Ҷȫر
ߺߣǵʨүҲ𣿡ʨүЦһǻʥ֮ܵЩ˵ĵ⣬ֻû뵽ֿΪ˱ҶȻҸǿ˶Կ⵹Щ⡣
Ȼ֪ԼԪĶ֣ʨүʩչϻӲͷƤˡ
ʱ򣬶һ̣ҶϣӶ
¡
Ԫİʨүıϻϣ߾ײ
ʨүıϻ˼֣ǾȻֵסԪİ
Ԫɫ΢û뵽ԼİȻʨү赲˿ڱĿֻܶɵʵѾһɵΪɱܸɵҶˣû뵽Ȼֿʨү
ҵҪǾмͣԪЦһ߶ʱյ֮һɸӿȵʨүıϻѹȥ
ƾʥ壬ʨүıϻѾǿ˷ǳ˵ĳ̶ȣȻһʱյ֮ûᣬǿܹ֧ŵס
ףԪЩ죬ͷϻʨһʱյ֮ûΪλǿ󳬺ϣ΢ݣҶȥˣ
ּ˼ѹʨү
ҶСӣҪ㰡ʨүЩ૵ıϻȻػסҶ
ʱյ֮˷ǳ̵֮Ҷо㹻ʱ䣬ضܹеߵʱյ֮
һζǧѷĻᣬû뵽ԪˣȻˣֿʨүѾȡ㹻ʱ䣬Ҷһʱյ֮֮ͣסֽһɫʱյ֮
ʱյ֮ģҶʱյ֮ڡ
㹻ʱ䣬Ƭ㳡һֱȥҶӦֽܹʱյ֮ģ
ʱ̫ˣֻֽһ
ֻһҲ㹻ˣ
Ҷ۾һĹâ·͸һ㣬һֱԶеԪ


829 ʨүҷ
ȻֻǷֽһʱյ֮Ǵ˿ҶʵҲǰҪǿ˺ܶࡣ
ҪǣҶ֪νʱյƵ
Ԫ֣ǿȺΪĻҶʨүԪҪǿöࡣ
Ԫĵʱյ֮ԽʱյƷӳ
Ҷڻۿռڵһֽɨµģʹʱյ֮ط
ҶѸٵطһʱյ֮˲תҶʱһֻĸо
ҶʨүһоԪʵټȥ²ԪĶ֣
ֿҲԷһЩҶԪţжϣпܻʵ߻ħǾԲԸ⿴ġ
ҪޱظҶһս֪䣬Ҳķڷ
ҶɫһЦĶǿдϣʧܴɡ
ӶǿضһЩӰģȵ޵¶һ˿ɫҶֻǾܵؽӰ콵Ͷѡ
ԪҶȻûĳһʱյ֮תҶĶԼˣȻҶĶǾûҪȥˣȥѹʨүϻϵ
ԪҶȫԼȥһֱߵʱյ֮ΪֹΪԪĹϵֻһʱյ֮
ԪֹҶвĵλ
ˣδҲ̫СˣҶһڷתһɫʱյ֮ջ۳һϸһ
ʱյ֮ʵ֮󣬾ԱҪǿö࣡
Ҷһʱյ֮ںһ˿ɵ
һӣʱյ֮ɵϸ룬һּΪ˵ٶȣһ⣬Ԫڵķȥ
Ԫհѹʨүϻϵоһĺ⳯߼˹
ԪһĶãд󲿷ֶ֮Уо˲Ϣŭɶ
ҶȻҷ
ǷǳصΪ
ǻʥսȨǲ̵ģ
Ԫһʱյ֮𵴣ǵ⡣
ƣԪһ
ǳϵǣۡһ죬۵ʱյ֮ȻҶ͸ˣ
ȵ˿һĻ㵲ѣԪʵǶǳҹȻܹԪķʵǷ˼
ô£ԪҲһ£ȫû뵽ҶȻܹͻʱյ֮һͻȻһ׺ɫսףȫط
׺ɫսףȵ۾һо̾ѡ
ԪϴģȻǺսף
ȵҧ촽¶βסĽ֮飬ߵȻΪĵӣǲһսֶУ
ڶȵ˶Ժս׾͸ۺˡ
Ҫ֪һ׺ս׿ۣ
ΪܳӵܣȻÿ춼ֵܷܶԴǶģҪŪһ׺սףҪܼʮϰĲƸ
ԪĹؼʱ̣ͻȻӦҶʱǾ˵ǾԲѡʱֵģȻʱյ֮û赲סҶĹãٻս֮ض㹻ˡ
ԣԪûᣬȻ׼ȥʰҶ
ҶöϸٶڿһӰ
ֻۡһ죬ǵû˺ս֮Уںսϴ͸һСԪ棬Ƭ֮ءһը
ԪէȻܵۡһ³һɺѪ˵˳ȥءһˤڵϡ
Ҷʱյ֮ϸϣںһ˿ɵֱ޼᲻ݵģսҲ޷ֵ
еԪû뵽һУϸ뱬֮ѪըķѣΪϵ̱ڵϣѪģһʱ侹Զ
ǣԪҶʨүʥᲢۣ֮һʱ
Ԫɴ۾Լܵش羪κһ㣬ŭģۡһ³üѪ
˿̵Ԫ˺ۣһֻһ̱ڵϣѪҲ̶á
һĻȵ˻ֿɵۣ㵵Ŵ͡
ǺһԪôҹ
Ҷȥǵ⵽ʲôȻս׶䴩֮Ȼܱ湻ݵģ
ð⣬ҿҶĲǡԪʵһȻҲǻǣû˰ɣ
Ԫĵʱյ֮ĵӣǻʥ棬κ˼ԪԾ˱ᣬ˸Ұ˳
Ҷǵһ
Ԫſڵϣĵսһ˫۾ԹضҶ
һ֮𣬴һָ֮գȻʮԪУ͸һɭɱ⣬ɱȻǻʥͬɱ¾һҪҶ
ҶһܿܵԶ޷ʱյ֮ˣ˳𲻹죡
ԪһֱϣԪܹ̳²ΪһǿߡԪҲһֱôϣģҪʱյ֮ٽȻ⣬
һͷһ㣬ݺݵصҶ
СӻԣǷ飡ʨүߺһ
ʨүһҶһ׼ʨүһȥԪᵽԪΪֹ
ֿ񲻽ͷƤ飬ҶʨүԪҲͰˣȻҪȥԪ
ϽסҶȰǲˣĵӣǲ鷳
ҹǲĵӣǶˣղȹҵģҵĶҲǻֶѣֽҪʮҲǱΣѡҶһεӣһӣʨүϣ
һҪС֪Ϊֹʨү໽ţҶһԪڵλá
ֿɵɵؿҶҶʨүδҲ̫ײһ㣬ԪѾ˳ˣҪٴһ֪׷ô죿
ҶСӣʹ죡ʨүɵصǰԪѹͷϣɵԪı϶ˣҶȴҰѶԷ֮Ҫһ٣
ԪŸվںս׵ı֮УûӦ㱻Ҷһȭ̷ڵأءһԴص˵ϡ
СкսףʨүƵصʵ޷ƺսס
ҰĺսжʨүһӣоͿˣҶǻʥǽֹɱ˵ģֻˡ
ಣɵƵ˺ս׵ȡ
󵨣ҪɱǣԪоɲһգɫشȵΪǻʥصһ֣СģҶİ㣿
ŭҶʨү
ɱǣʨүȷС˵ʨүٺЦ̧צӣԪɲݺݵץȥ
໣һĲҽУ㳡ëȻëֱ
ȵ׵ˣͷƤˡ
òң


830 ڶʱյ֮
ʨүĴצĥһôһºݺһȥ
סӵȣֻҪǸеģ붼£˫ȣоȼһ
Ҷʨүֱˣ
ԪѾĲҺ˶¶Ŀ⣬ˣԪǵ˰˱ӵѪù
СӣͷʨүϸͷŹ㣬ȻߺߣʨүӸµظԪһԪɲԪǺݺһצӣٺЦʨү㳢ҶӾצ
ҶŶһʨүצӰλʵǡ
ʱԪѾɫ׵ֽ亹ֱðȻҧݣŶݺݵ³֣ɣǵİ㣬ôҵĶֵ֣һָˣǹشһ
󣿡ʨүüצϡᡱһһϻԪɲĴ£ŭСҲ˵ڱ˶Ĺؼʱְ̳ҲƵϹ󣿡
Ԫоǰ󷢺ڣ۵Ứˣȱϻһð̣һţʵǲҵòٲˡ
׵˿õһʨүʵ̫ˣ
̿ɻɻҵģҶһԪСˣûõģֻаŲ㡣
ǡҼסԪһ׹¶ضҶʨүҧгݵصɱңȻһָôʰǣ
ԪоԼɲѾˣҶʨүɱԼһʱűǵóѣָһҪѪϴյĳ裡
С컹ͦӲʰ˵ʨүһ
ҶڰԪϵĺսȫ飬ʨүץԪһٱ
˿̣ԪֱǲҲ̶á
Ҷ֪˶Ա߿ţһֱԪհʨүԪҲΪɱӺ
ԪǸţ޲ѪǸղŲСģҶİ㣬ʱյ֮Ҷϣ
ھҵһͿòһ˿ʱյֱֱ֮ʨүɢˡ
Ԫʨүûϣϵ·ҲϻյãԭӢһͷһ
鲻ԽԴǿɲԪһԭ׼ҶϾ׳׵ˣԪҶϳôĿɲԼҶֵʲôô
ҿûиҶʨүʲôìܣȻͲˡһˣ̫ײˣ
ȵҲһ֮ɫԶҶʨү˵ԪǱҶ㣬СĲ˵ҶȻս׶ƿҶȻǰһЩֶΡ
˲򵥣ԺǲҪΪ
Ԫôң֪ˣˡ
¾Ԫĳ裬ԪǸ߰ԸǾԲģȵĿ˸һЩ뷨ϧʱƺڱչء
˰ɣҶڰֵԪѾʨүѵùˣԪǸӲͷôѵҲԪֹɱˣٴȥҲûʲô˼
ʨүŰ֣ҶҶСӣŹСӿ϶ǸȻҶӵʥ壬ʵԪǿһԪһʱûзǵԪָǾͷǳ鷳ˡ
ǾһΣҶһҲʲôµˡ
ǺðɣʨүͷȻҶôţҲ˵ʲôˡ
ҶʨүĿȫǵԪԭأˡ
ڹ㳡һõĵطû˸˵һ仰
ҹԪǱ֪ˣǳ̣ǿҪ׼ֿԶҶҿ֪ǳ˻ڱչأѾܾûгˡң飬ӦԪĳ裬ԪǸ߰ӣǲ˵ģ˾Ͳһˣ
룬ֵֿ飬Ԫȣ׷Ҳû취ô̫ϳҲ档
ֿĻҶˡ
֮ԸұԪҲ㣬ϵƺ⣬ǳ浯ѹ϶˳汣Ԫ֤Լӵб£ļֵҶ޿֡
༸Ҳ˹㳡ǶԶԶģΨҶɷ
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ͨ˲ͬǣʱյ֮棬ܱ˸֪Ҷ֮ʱյ֮ȴ档
һʱյһɫϼһ㣬ѤĿڵľӳĵüΪ財
Ҷҵľ磬ȴΧһУо֮УǸʱյ֮һһ㣬ȫЩʱյƽ롣
ʱҶΪģ㳡γһ޴УЩʱյ֮رҶڡ
Ҷȫ֪緢ʲôȻԼ֮С
ʨү۾Цոò˷ֽʱյ֮ľϣҪһЩʱյ֮ȴΧʱյ֮رߣûķݡ
˿ڹ㳡طļˣȻؿԶҶӰΪҶ֮ǰһζԪ֮󣬾ϱضˣû뵽Ƭ̣Ҷʱյ֮ȸղŸײˣ
ֻҪҶƬ㳡еʱյ֮ûǵķݣǺò׽һʱյ֮ܣͱҶˣ⻹ô
Ʋѣȴ޿κΣһԪҶˣĻҶ鷳
Ҷظʱյܻ֮أǵɫʱյ֮⣬һɫʱյ֮Ρ
ڶʱյ֮
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ҶԸ⣬ʱԽΪӵʥ壬Ҫǻĸܽס
Ҷȴ뷨Ҫʱյ֮ٳ
ٿֽϼص֮ҶԼµᣬֽʱյ֮ķȷʵǷǳЧġ
Ҷʱ֮ͻȻһ׵Ӱһ׷ߣ׷裬һɫۣһ˵ɷ֮ɫׯأ·
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ʱҶȻԼУߵӰʱҶоȫë׷·ſˣ̩ͨˬ
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ˡľ΢΢һЦĿǱʲôסˣҶʨүϡ
˿̵Ҷ֮УڷΧʱյ֮Ҷһ޵׶һ㣬ʹù㳡ϵʱյ֮Ϊģγһ޴С
ûдﵽ֮ǰ˷ʱյֱ֮Ϊ޷ôʱյ֮ױǿʱյ֮֮󣬶ֻʱյ֮յߣʱյ֮ս
Ҷƺͨе㲻̫һֻ񼶶ѣȻͿʼеʱյ֮ˡ
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ȵĻľ΢΢һЦص˵ͷ㲻ٶˡ
򣬻ʦͽǼΪҪĹϵһΪʦΪ
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ҶȻ֮УⷢһȫŲʡ
ļ̌һӣһɹʱյ֮ɫٲһ㣬кҶʨүϡ
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ʥǽӽһǿôʱյ֮ǲǸоѹġҶеľǣһ޴ĺڶϾӿʱյ֮Щʱյ֮û֮Ѹٵʧûһ˿ĺۼ
ҶҲʮɻ󣬲֪Щʱյ֮ȥȻʧ˺ܶ࣬һ󲿷ֱҶ
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ͳȻʱյ֮ѣĿ˿Χžǲͣת
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Ҷ̧ͷȥֻһ뷢԰סɷǵӰ֮УӰףׯϣͬɫʱյ֮תе·һ㣬η
ľʱյ֮ŽΪǧ꣬ǿУλеֿҲҶλľһЩȤӣĪĻԵǧҪ
Ҷܹоֿĺ⣬ֿҲкøУֿһѣ΢΢һЦˣ
Ƕ˼˶ˣľҶʨүƵʵ
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ǵġҶ̹Ȼصͷʮƽ
˳ʲôطľʵ
ľǶ˳һǳƫԶϣΪ̫࣬ʵڲܽǸֺͷλˣľ£Ҷɫصɨһȵˡ
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Ҷ΢΢һ㶣֪ľͽ˼û뵽ľȻУֻ䣬ҪͽЩɡ
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ֿҶԥмҪæҶľ¸أ˵ĺ󱲰мӣܹľΪʦǰ;
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ȵ׵ȫɫؿʨүľҪͽ˲ϽлȻľܸʲôôҪǿΪʦȴŶ룡
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ʨүĻľһ£漴ЦͷΪʦȻǺô࣡˾֪ˣһᴫһЩҶطǵһǰһЩؾʱȻ°빦
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ףҶʨүױǿһʱյ֮ûˣΪʲôܹ˵ԪΪʲôܹľأѵҶʨү츳ıҪòɣ
Թޡʣȴ˵ľĻ˵ķݣ
ٶĲͲޣҲľ
׵ˣޱȣҶʨүľΪͽ֮󣬲ݵλǴܹ󼰵ˣֳܹ츳Ҷʨүһõӡ
ҶʨүԼľ볩Ц˼Ҷʨү츳ǺģԼῴƷҲԴҶʨү˴µ̬ȷ棬Ϳƶϳһ
ҶʨүƷԶ㲻ҲϵȣԸһ;ϣҲǷǳġ
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Ҳ٣ջĶ࣡ʨүЦ
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ֻʣʮôܣʨүȻһͨˣҲô̰ɣ
Ҷüʵʦ˻棿ûиоʲôΪʲôֻʣʮأ
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Ҷ˼ʲôʨүûϼȥ
ʨүǿͷһĵӡ
ľ΢΢һЦڴ˴ɣȥһЩ飬֮ǣľ˵꣬Ӱʧˡ
ҶСӣܲܲµͷǺʨүҶʵ
ҶҡҡͷʱĻҪȥһ˴ˣҶ뵽ǸϹӣڤڤ֮УһһЩ
ȫָ˴꣡
ҶҪƽɵ֮գͱȥ
ǴǻһЩΣգڵΪ»ǲ˵ɣʨүֻдﵽ𣬺ܶطǰ
ҶƬ̣Ҳǵ˵ͷȻҪȥ꣬ȴҲһʱ
ҶڿĴ֮УʼﵽŨʱյ֮Ҷоˮ
״̬֮Ҷоڵʱյܻ֮š
ͨҪһʱյ֮϶ûǼʮʱ䣬ԽԽѣҶʣעϵڲͬ
ҶоԺеķɵ˲ţӿȵˮһҶĵ֮С
׷׳ǻ۶һ˿˿ʱյ֮Щ֮а˳
Ҷڼš
ɵ̺֮Ũʱյ֮ŨȾȻļʮֹԴԴ
ɵ£ȫҶ
ʱյ֮֮£ɫʱյ֮γɡ
ŰСʱ֮󣬻ɫʱյ֮ȫΡ
ʱյ֮
Ҷмϲʱյ֮˵ôѡ
Ҫ֪Ҷ˿̵뷨޵Ķˣʱյ֮һǳѵ飬ȻҲô೬֮󣬱ֹˡ


834 ֮
ԶʨүţǸͷϵʱյ֮ͷϵϢγƬ֮¶˷֮ɫ
ͷǰҲһǸʥӵߣʨүصĹͷϸܵһ˿ʥϢͷʥǿ֪ģսԽսԽǿѱͷ˿϶ѾʥĲΡ
ǣͷȻˣ
֪ĵ˵ʲôȻӵʥɱˣ
ȻͷѾ˺ܾãͷȴʨүŹͷ֮ʥ彥һЩ仯Ҳһɫʱյ֮
ҶģǺɫʱյ֮ʨүģȴɫġ
˵һʱյ֮ζʨүʱյ֮ϣҲˣ
Ҷôţȫҵ״̬ʱ˿̣ҶõԻñ飬һްĹâ
Ҷʱյ֮ʽԻñ棬˴ʱյ֮Իñ齥ƽȥôطҶĻС
ҶʨүûзԻñ쳣
ʱ䣬һζҶѾܹȫƿڵʱյ֮ˡ
ľٴγ֮Уһ࿴Ҷʨүһۡ
֣ʨүܶһɫʱյƣȻɫʱյ֮ʱ䣬ܹһʱյ֮츳ǳ͵ˡ
ΪȴҶ
ľûҶܸܵʱյ֪֮ΪʲôҶΪ֮ǰ־˺ܶ࣬Ҷʵʱյ֮ʨүǿ
ЩɻҶʨүͬʵӦŶԣ˵ʨүʱյ֮ҶʨүĶˣΪãҶʨүҪǿܶܶࣿ
ľôãҲǼʶˣȴǿ͸ҶΪͬʱҲҶΪˡ
оľĵҶʨү۾
ʦ𣡡
ľ΢΢һЦ˵ͷǬݸҶʨүľҩ͹ÿһŶ棬ﹲݣÿǧţǳˣҪɣ
ллʦ𣡡ҶʨүӹľǬ濴һۣľΧЩľĹӣͨ죬Ө͸˱ǡ
ΪʦҪȥһطȥ֮ж컯ԵҪԼˣľصЦЦһӣľϿճһ̤񽢡
̤񽢷ǳǧ׳У̤񽢱ҪߵһЩħ񽢴һЩҲѾͨ󼰵ˣ̤񽢱̤ͨ񽢻Ҫö࣬רŴġ
ʥֻܹһħ񽢣Сõľ̤񽢣ħֶǮ򵽵ģ򣬴ѪɫǱ˽ħָ
̤񽢣ͨҪܶ࣬Ǵأǻܹϵᣡľ΢Ц
ľΪҶṳֳ̂񽢣һľ֪Ҷһħ񽢣֪θ롣
Ҷʨү˵ͷ
ľһصӣ֪ľҪԼǰ
һʨ̤֮񽢻
ಡһ̤񽢿ռ䴩ʧյľͷ
̤񽢼ٴһƬƬڰСǴһ޴ĺɫϽ
һƬĿյϣͣһҾ޽֮࣬󲿷ֶ񽢣̤Ҳ洦ɼҶԸоϣǧǿϢٶģ
⵽һʲôĵطô˶ǿ߻
Ҷʨүľһ̤񽢣һ·ǰȥ
ʦҶЩʵ
֮أľ֣صصһǳصĵطҲ֪ôγɵģ˹ٸÿԴǰ֮أÿÿֻܽһΣƴĲʵǻ
ҶһбͨĻ֪֮ػô
ȵ˵طǾ֪ˣÿ궼зǳŽ֮أҿ츳֮˵һЩԵһҪλŻǵĻӦѾѷɫλˣǿһЩ˵ϴʡľҶʨүһȥ
˲Ϣ֮䣬Ѿǧ￪⡣
ͣʱоżʮˣЩٶ۷弶ǿߣľ˵ЩԸľͷǶǴŸԵĵӹġ
ԶȥӳĳҶо𺳡
ֻǰһƬޱƽԭɫʪĵϣڷĺɫʯף֮һֱ쵽˵ƽߵľͷ
Щʯ׻϶Ǵ򿪵ģֻٲǷյģЩ򿪵ʯڿһˣҲ˾÷ǳˡ
һɹɺɫϢʯΧƣ·һƮ
ЩʯȫԼף׸Ǻ͹ױϵŸֹĹͼ
ҶЩʯ֮ɨоֱ͸ġ
Ϊʲô֮ʯףʯӦڷʬģЩʯȴǿտҲЩʬȥЩʯʲôô
Ҷг𺳺ɻ󣬾ʱһҶĳ˼
ľ𣬺þòֻһɫ԰׵ӵǰЦЦؿľ
ɫۣԽĵɫ԰׺Ѫɫ۾ϸдһ綾֮߰һĸоȻ곤࣬ʵ̫ᡣ
һҶʨүʱоһǿѹ
˵ʵǲľ֮£
ľһӣҶʨүܵѹɫ˵𣬱
ľô˾ģɨһҶʨүЦŵľ츳ĵӣ꣬ǳǹ˼ţһᣬҪѲʮĵһˣ
ǳǹļλţϷҲš˵̫磬ǻҪȹ֪֮ʤľƽص
üëϸ۾˸һƺâȴûоʹ¶˵ʲô
ľȻǰ֮أضҲм֮棬˵ϣҶʨүǹһ˿ĪЦ
ҶʨүԸо͸ĵ⣬˺ͳǹ֮䣬һЩìܡ
ľÿɷ񣬿Ҷʨүȥɣ
Ҷʨүһۣ·ȥ
Ƭ֮ľǽһʯףѹ׸Ǹϣ֮ܽˣ
ҶʨүЩɻ֮صһʲôĵط
Ӳʯף͸˿˿ɭֲϢ·ʯԽԽҶȻоԺеķɵ˲ǸӦʲô


835 
ҶԼоһϢЩʯ֮У
ҶСӣЩʯ׿ûšʨү˶ϵëǹĺⶶ
ҶЦЦȻ˶ȥˣҲؽš
ǵҲǣʨүҾȥƣ֮صһʲôĵطʨү׳£һʯ֮Уʯ֮ʯ׵Ĺ׸ǱѸٵرպ
ڹ׸Ǳպϵ˲䣬ҶоʨүϢʧˣ˿Ӧˡ
ĪʨүѾͨʯףһռ䣿
Ҷ룬Ҳȥ׼һʯףǺȻ֮䣬Ҷ·һصٻ
һ£Ҷ׷Ѱһ·ʵľͷȥ
ľһЩɻؿҶһ˶ֻͽҸʯ׾ͽȥˣΪʲôҶҪһ·ôԶ
ҲЩȣҶȥıӰĿް
ľӣ츳ѣӦϴʣ΢΢һ
ˣľ𵭵һЦ
Ҳһ츳ĵӣߣлĻдһƤЦⲻЦص
ľɫƽûлӦ
ջǿУǵߣľһλѣÿһսľǿܣԶͻĽᡣԣκϣҪľһȣƫƫľԶ⸱Ȼνı飬ѻ
ľûôһֱڹעҶȥ򣬲֪ҶҪȥ
Ҷ׷Ѱص˼ʮ֮ͣ
·ȥֻһ߸¡ϣطһ߷յʯףʯױͨʯҪֹŸַķģתһ΢⣬һĪϢ
Ҷ䵽ʯǰǵصֱͷƺˣû
ҶƬָ̣ǾʯףҶֽӴǾʯ׵ɲǣǺصĹ׸ǻشˡ
Ҷ룬ӽʯ֮У׸ֻعرˡ
һĻľˣӦ֮裬Ѿ̫ˡ
ʯף˵һǿǶһʯһֱյģҶȥǿʯס
ҶȥǿʯʯģһԽǿʯ״򿪣ǲʲôʧˣֻò֮
ڣǿʯͻȻˣľǳ𾪣Ϊǰǿʯ״δ
һգ۵ĹҶȻͽȥˣ׸ѾϣҪ̽ȴ޷롣
ʯףҶ
Ҫ֪ǿǣ޷ʯף
ǿڽյʯףľЩɻΪʲôôǿ߶޷򿪵ʯףƫƫҶ֮ʹˣ
һ˿ǣľĵصȴš
Ҷʯ֮УͷĹ׸ǻȻˣһƬڣҶ껹ܹʯڵ龰
һյĿռ䣬һ󷿼ôڱϲ˸ָЩһЩĹʯ֮Уƽ˼ɭ
Ҷо裬۲ڱϵĸ񣬽أһǿҵϮҶŬҪѣȴ˯˹ȥ
ڰ֮УƮƮ˿УָӹҶоԼ·һ硣
һƬ硣
ϲûŨڱ̫ȴɵģ·ʲôסˣ޷䵽ϡ
޾ĴϣǸĻε
֮ϣһɵľˣͷŴء
ӭ֮أ֮صߣǵʯ֮Уǵ꣬ȴҴ֮СǾ˴Ц˵ĴƮܵشߣᱻͳ磬Ը⣬ǵԶش֮Уһ磡
磿
Ҷ֣ͷȥֻֻһӰûʵ塣
˵һֻ˶ѣʯ֮С
񾿾ʲôˣȻܹһ磿
˵ʱǾֹģÿؾжһֽ֮ʯĶֻҪҵ㹻֮ʯͿԸҶһһЩֻд˵вŻֵĻطһЩĶ
طĶ
ҶľΪʲôʨүˣܹлȡһЩصĶӦǴкôġ
һ֮أǲЯġ
Ҷһгһͨף׳һһ˻׶̣ⶫ֣ʱʱ֣һһ㣬ֻҶܹظоĴڡ
˵𡰻֣Ҷ뵽
ǵ꣬һΪһضѨõģʨү˵Ǵ˵еĻ
ȻڻвǳߵȣֻҪעһ˿ܹ꣬ӳСֱӹԷĻ
֮ʯ֪ʲôҶ૵ڿնҪҵʨүڣȴƬ̫ʨү֪ȥһʱƬ̿Ҳ
ҶֳֻзӣĴš
ԶһӰӹ˶״̬ЩƯĹս
Щ˶ԸǿߣкܶѾˣλλûпλĴڡ
ҶЩ˽棬Զȥ
ʱһ˻ֻһӰԷǳٶȳҶ˹ǸӰҶһеĻ˲һߣͻȻǸӰ˹ȥ
ۡһ졣
ǺӰĲҽצץҶҶԿ׶
ҶĿһ֮עеǰ׶̻ζһ£ۣǸӰѣ˳ȥ
ĹҲǶôǿֻʮصӡ
ɱĹ֮Ҷӣɽɨ֪֮ʯʲôӵġ
ԶȥֻԶһɫƬԵøĿ
˿ؾ
ŨѪ⣬ضк֮ܶʯ
һӰţ׷׳ǵɫڵĵطȥ
֮ʯͿһд˵еطȵȣ
˵Ӧǵڶ壬ʵǻҲǡ
Ҳ˵һ顣
ЩֻܶҥˣΨһȷǣк֮ܶ˸־ǵʵõͻͽǿ
ЩԸˡǹͥԼط潣ˣҲԸߣٵӰǾᵽζĲӬһ㣬ȫǸ
ʨүϲֵԸ񣬺ܻܿȺһǺɫĵطȥˡ
Ҷ𣬻һĨ⣬ҲǱ߷ɱȥ


836 ųؾ
ڹĻԭ֮УһƬΰĽȺӵص׻
𶯣ʯɣ̳һϵĳǳƾճƬҰС
һؾ֪˭˳ųڵʢĺ֮УͬʱһŨĺڰ֮Ĵɢųǡ
ǿѸٵس嵽ų֮ǰһٽ㱻ǹɺڰ֮Уʱ귢̡죬ð̣ջΪ˻ҽ
ܵش뿪֮ء
˼״׷ͣסΣðȻųˣֻԶ
Ƭ֮ڹųΧĺڰۣ֮仯һȺȺĹЩĹڣ۾Ѫ죬еսףеŸͷеǳսڹųΧгһ޴ķ赲˽ųǡ
һ̣˷·һƬ⽣ӰĹսϡ
Щ֮صǿԶԶعҿ
ԶһɫһӶǸӰʨү˭
أϻɽ裬ʨүһӰսսˡ
֪ԷǺˣʨүȻĶ֣
ҶǱ߸ȥɨһ۶ԷݣֻԷһˣɫ԰ףǰӦûмǴϣҶȴоһϤϢϢҶӡ
ҶСӣһߣʨүҲҶϽҶ
ҶҲϳ˶ԷϵϢһеĻǸ˼ȥ
ءһը죬Ǹ
ʨүſվסһЩˣЩǱӣֻЩ˿Ѹٵˡ
һﲻ֪ôأһǣȻӵʵҲǿʨү޷޵ŶԪɽ
û뵽ּˣԪɽϸ۾ɨҶʨүò벻ǵʵô죡
Ҳ򵥣֪ʲôȻ뿪ԪǣҶעǰԪɽ߾ȻѾλʵӦǴŪһǿߵǣֻǲ֪ΪʲôǿߵǣȻᱻռݡ
ǿ϶ú֣ҾôģҲ벻һԪɽͷЦһĨɫǰɣǴ౻ǻ֮ռõָ뿪Ԫǣ
ֲã֮ǰҶѱԪǣҲûзԪɽΪԪɽսˡ

ҶȻǰЩ˵绹ټ棬Ǹʲô
ҶԭΪԼѾ磬ȫԲ͵˵ĻڿĻʵԶԤƣ
ѾΪʦʱյ֮λʵǹԹ־͸ҿǲԪɽϸ۾ĿⲻʱʨүϣղʨүôصˣȻգ۹ͻָˣǿȣͬһ㣡
ԪɽܣƣܳƬƬۼס
Ȼֻ壬֮棬ӵһʵС
ϸؿҶʨү
ҶСӣʲôԸɵ𣿡ʨүҶ֮أǶ״̬ǿȣҶʨүԪɽĶ֣ϾԪɽѾλľˡ
֮滹һɣǰŵ´ǿ϶˾裡ҶһЦ
Ҫ棬ԪɽΪǸߣôҶʨү޾
ҶֻҪٻħ񽢣СӾ೤ҲܲԪɽɵҲ壬ȲҪݾߵĺá
Ԫɽ뿪ԪǣԲ֪Ҷӵħ񽢡
ԪɽԵ⣬ȴû뵽ҶʨүȫϷˣѣҶʨүȴû뵽ҶʨүҲ
С棬޶ʨүüŪ۵غٺЦ
ȸһѵȳȥ֮ǣԪɽЦһһӰҶʨү˹
һڰϢһҶʨү
ߣҶװԾҵӣͺһ
Ҷʨү⣬ݡ
ܣԪɽһڰϢ״Ҷʨү׷
ҶеĻǧ⣬Щնȥ
أը졣
ҶеĻƿЩߣʨүȥ
СӾȻУԪɽɫһݣǱУѻָȻҶĻȽײߣҲѷ亱ϡУ֪ôҶСӸõġ
Ԫɽɵ˲䣬ҶʨүѾӳȥԶˡ
ԶųϿա
ء
ŽǳЩĹ·ʿɱ罭ӱӿɽ֮ƳȺ֮Уǿչ˼ҵɱ
һȺĹԪɽߺֱײ
ãԪɽһЩĹֻݱܷâ
һ⣬Զǹǿ߻۵һ
Զս޶˻
ųΧЩĹǣسɱš
Щ֮صˣЩĹԡѪƴɱ
ЩĹǾȻ󲿷ٶλģһʱ·֮ضذ⻮Ƴա
֮ǿߵĽ·Ҫһ㡣
ѣʱմҡ
ʱյ֮н
˫ļս˽֮С
أսԽԽӵ˼Զ
أ
һֲľڵһ޿ӡ
ҶʨүСĵضЩ״ĹЩһһӣ׷еߡ
ԶĹųǿȥ˸һɫʯͷ֮С
ЩʯͷǴ˵е֮ʯ
֮ʯԸһֱ
֮ʯ֮˶ۺǹųΧĹǸ޷
ҶʨүҲֻԶԶعҪų֮ʵ̫ˡ
ϧ֮غ󣬳˻ʲôãҶҲǺް취
ôܽųǣ
Ҷʨү˼ʱԶͻȻɱһһ·ɱųǷɱȥ
Ƕǹˣͷһλ񣬸һĻʮλλʨүҶȽ֮أԴ̽һЩϢ
ߣǸǣҶӰβЩˣųǷ򿿽
ҶʨүԶԶβЩˣһ·ųǷӽ
Ҷ߶ĻնɱĹųԽԽˡ
˱ΧĹǣأһһĹǸɵһȺ˳˹ų֮С
һĪѹ˶оʵĳصѹסˡ
һϢЩڿе֮ʯȥ˲ǧ֮ʯ
ҶʨүҲ󣬽˹ų֮УΪ˱һС֮С


837 ɵƬ
һų֮УҶоһɿµѹѹ˷ѹƹѹΪ
ʨүĸоҲǲࡣ
ųֵݺᣬһĽΧտҲûһˣҲûĹû
ų֮ƺһصϢų֮Ҷоڤڤ֮з·һ˫۾עԼ룬пֻһִ
󲿷֮ʯˣҶʨүС顣
Щ֮ʯͨʳɫһӨ͸ɢųȵ¶ȡ
֮ʯһɹʽ档
֮һУȫģ֮ʯ
֮ʯ̺ҶҲòпǿ
ʱҶԼ·𿴵һߴ׳Ӱ֮ϿյǸһģһҶš
ʥ壬ǻں϶Ϊ0࣬е˼Ǹ˵΢Ц·Ҷ
ҶһݣȻһ۱㿴еϸ
Ƭ֮Уؾ֮ʯǻ㹻֮ʯԸҶһƷϵͳ
˫ſƷǰÿһƷ棬ƯһЩϵ֣ɢһɹǿϢ
Щ֮Ҷɵˡ
ΪЩÿһ֮
طսסرϡҩʯ裬и֮顢ޣָƷȫ֮ࡣ
ҶѸٵɨӶÿһǷǳϡġ
õһ˲٣
˵ĻҲҪǧö֮ʯܶһõ
ҶͣţܹһƷУһЩǳһǳ齣һǻȣҪʮ֮ʯܶһ
һЩҩ֮ĶȻҪ֮ʯܶһ
ΪĶһƬҪǧ֮ʯܶһƬһΨһһƷ
ȣȻͷ磡
ǲƬ֪ǴʲôϵģֻһĴָСɫһۿʱһС̫һ㣬ɢŶĿĹâڶٿʱȴѾƺâڱת
Ƭ״һѷɵĲƬ
ҶͷῴȻƬֻĴָСȫʱӣ̺⣬ǶصϢϴ
ƬԺǰѷɵһ֣
ɵķɵֻǾ߱Ժзɵһ˿ΣϬˣ޼᲻ƣҶ󣬷ɵıкεǿ
ǣǿķɵΪλֻʣһƬأ
Ҷ˫üɻأǿƬϸع۲졣
ףɵƬ񲢲ǱնϵģҶ૵ԶֽģǱնϣǶϿڶȻǳҲֹΣ
ɵıΪλԶֽأ
Ƭĺη
һֱҶ̽ѰԺǰѷɵİأڿԺеķɵֻһΣΣпֻǷɵ飡ɵıѾѣɢ
Ϣ̫ˣҶоþƽ
ǴõƬģ֪ûзɵϢ
Ҷ˲һһҪõɵƬ
ΣҪ⿪ɵ֮գ
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840 ֮صİ
׵ĻЩһӾը˹˵ļˣǷǳ
ƾʲô˵ֵõǳǹ˵һ˵λһ
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ҶϸЩ˵ЩʲôкüڶԻ
߹壡ǵĹ֮У飡ΪʲôҪѹԼ
ǿ˶Ҫҵģ٣˳ң

ҷ֮ͿԻһУǾȻҷҵȨ
һҺ֪˭ںȽкţǽ֮Ҷ·źȫڼ
ЩƮƮ죬ޣ޴Ѱ١
ҶһĪЩļ䣿
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ڵɫʱյ֮ʼγɡ
ڸ򵽵ʱյ֮Ҷ·ܵĳĸȾкǧ˰µļ黳
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ǿĴڣߵȵ飡

Ƭ֮ҶͻȻѣҡҡͷ֮صʱյ֮ӰӦӵġ
Ҷüͷһʵ̫ˣ˵ʱյ֮оǿҵ˷ܡ
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Ϊɵ֮б̺ʱյ֮ҶһʼʱѾʱյ֮ˣǾʱյ֮ľ쳽ҲйģҶٶȣ쵽ͨ޷󼰵ĳ̶ȣ̶̼ʱľ硣
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ҹֵܣҲˣܹʶҹֵܣǱңɻϿҵصҶ϶а취õ֮ʯҲﲻʲôæ޹»
ҶҡҡͷһеҪǰæ°õЩ֮ʯÿһ񽢣Ǳ꣬Σ
Ҷ̫Ҫ֮ʯˣҪǧ֮ʯܶһҪķɵƬɻ˽
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׿ܵʵǳǿȻһֱվԭûжʵ棬Ȼ걬ͨλЩɻЩ׿Ǳ棬ʹ
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һ֮ʯһ㣬ӨƯҫۣһӭҶԡУǵûиоܣеһɹϢ֮УΪˬ
ô֮ʯҶҲЩ֪֮ⷨежٿ֮ʯҶʼѸٵ£Щ֮ʯ
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ԭߵʱյ֮Ƕôѵ飬Ҷ¶һ˿ȻЦݡ
һԵʨүؿһۣҶ˿̵ЦݣһַǳŹֵĸоǿһ㡣
ҶСӣʲô
һֳԽһеҶ΢΢һЦһеķɵƬɵ˽ȫ뵽ѷɵ棬ȻѷɵҶȻֻһ˿Ҳˡ
Խһе
ʨүаݣҶ˵ôǿ
ȻֻǷɵƬɵƬҲѾ֮һˣ
ҶصؽɵƬ
ǻʣٶ֮ʯҶʨүʨүʲôҪһģϽһ˰ɣǲóȥˣ
ٶ֮ʯӦÿԶһٶ
ʨү˿ǶƷб
֮ĶˣطҲˣѵһսףʨүƷţĿһСϣһüͷ֮ʲôȻҪٰʮ֮ʯô󣡡


845 ᣡ
һװСӣʮֹӣЩ΢ķƣ߽Ƕĥˣϡ֮ĸɫȴͬոдȥһ㣬ص
ҶСӣĳֶķǱͨķҪܶ࣬ⶫ򵥣ʨүСϵԣɫȻص
֮Ҷü룬Ƭ֮Ͷһɣ
ˣʨү
ʨүٰʮ֮ʯⱾ֮һ
ʣ¶ʮ֮ʯҲûʲôɶһˣҶ㱣ҶоӦû֮صģ
֮棬һЩܵȴȥ

֮⣬Ǹ޴ʯ֮Уߵʱյ֮ѸٵתɫѤãʯӳյͬһ㡣
ױϣһĹͬһ㣬һ˫˫۾붢ڹеҶ۾ȴû˿а֮ɫһ㣬˳ֿ
ʱҶüͷ΢΢һ£Ҫѹˡ
˲䣬ʯеʱյ֮ѸٵױЩĹҲָԭӣʯ˺ڰ
Ҷ˫ۣ˹۵һ̣о嶼һְں
֮ûаջ̫ˣʵ˺ܶ࣬Ҫǣõ˷ɵƬҶõ૵һǼɵƬƾճ֮С
֪ɵƬɢĺδʲôʱܼвƬɵ
ҶĥеĲƬжԷɵӺˡ
ɵƬպãҶվƿʯ׵Ĺ׸ǣ
ľ𿴵ҶȻһЦԭҶᱻǾʯгڿĵǶˡ
Ҷʨүӵľĸǰ
ôûʲôջжһڻ֮ҩ𣿡ľЦſҶʨүʵ
ǵģлʦ֮أҶϵصľԶҲ֪һɵƬ
ľҶʨүʵ֮Ūʮʮ֮ʯһһڻ֮ҩѾǳˡ
ľ֪Ҷʨү֮Ķһˣ֪θ롣
Զ֮ǿҶ׷¶ŭɫǿľһˣЦһӵ鷳Ǽֱ
ԶԪɽ͹׵˸ĺ棬ǿҶ֮һĨ⣬Ǹ뿪ˡ
ǰҲҷ뵽Ƕѻɽ֮ʯǵľǱ˺ݺݵͱһ
ǻȥɡľ΢΢һЦоҶʨүΪǿԴл൱ġ
ǣʦ𣡡Ҷͷ
Ҷʨүľĺ棬̤񽢣̤񽢻գಡһʱմʧˡ
ʥǧǡ
ǧʮ֮һǧǵĵλǲͬΪǧǵƿǧһǿߣǧ
ǿУǧ壬ľ֮ϡ
Ȼǧǵʵƿǧ𣬵ƽʱ£ƹܣһ۷弶ǿߡ
ɻ˶ĵӡ
ǧԺһ֮УɻĽ̻塣
׵̫ʦϣһ̬Ӻݵ
ʱ洫̴ӵ
пã˵ľĵӳҹʹӣ
ü΢ɻʵǿʶˣ
ǵģʦ֮ʶģɻͷ΢벻ҹˡ
ʱ˳˽ɫغʦ𣬴磡ǸҹȻţ񽢣Ҷ֣֮⣬һЩǳ֮Ķǳ񣬾˵Ϊ˸лǰ󣡡
񽢣ǳɻأҲˣû뵽Ҷôţ񽢿Ǽֵƣ
༸Ҳһ𾪣󲻽һϲ
ǾȻɳҹֵܵĳ⣬ʵɻεص
˳ɻĻҲеҶøд
˵˵ô£ɻмֺ棬֪ʲôôֱʣȻһ񽢸ˣ۷ͳ˺ҲҪһ
ǣɻæ֮طϸ˵һ顣
֮Ȼӵиλʵҹ治͵֪ľʲôʱһɫĵӣûٶ˵ʲôС֮Ľ飬Ӹ档
ǻʥء
ҶʨүľΪ֮ǻʥӵһרĴ֮ǰԪһӵС
ڣҶĹԪĻҪΰöࡣ
Ҷĵ͵ߵʱյ֮ԽԽҶоʵԵ
ҶЩڴߵʱյ֮ٽ֪ʲôЧ
ҶţʨүһоŴ֮ش֮
֮ΪѪǡ࣬Ҫ۷ɣֱܹѪǺ;ǣΪǿޱȵĴڡ
ѪǺ;ǣҶ뵽ʲô˵ĳЩ飬ɴѪ;ĪǿߣĶ֮ĳֹ
Ҷ˿쳽ĳЩϸ֮㷢֣쳽Ҳ̺Ѫǡǵķţ֮ҪҪ۷֮
쳽ţͨͬ
ֲͬĹ˴ܻ֮ų⣬֮²ʺ
ʨү֮ɡҶеСӵݸʨү
ȻҶ֮ʺԼһЩѪǡǵķţȴҶһȫµ磬ԭҪﵽߵĲΣҪЩؼĲ衣
ͨԱȡãҶԾ쳽һЩ壬Ҳ˽øΪ͸ˡ
͵ߵʱյ֮ȻûΣҶоһҲָտɴˣ
Ҷʨүڹ֮ʱ¡¡Ĺʥأ׳Ѫڡ
һһȵᣬϾҪٿˣ
¥񽢣ӺڰǿʻʥأʥΪ
ʥϷ֮У˲һ޴ĵǿն
Ͽգһλλǿɵľ޴࣬Ǿһ𣬸·
ˡǹͥԼط潣ǿǣȫУЩ۾һİǣҲȫˡ
˵֮ʥ𣿡Χ۵۷׷ס
֮ʥ¶棿ĳ￴ţ
ֻҥ԰ɣᣬδ֮ʥ֣
ڵ飬ǿȫۼյΧǷڵĳȡ
⽫һĿ۷֮ս


846 
ϾҪʼˣᣬپž޵ӿ֣ĬĬ֮дʣճΪ˸Ķ
ÿһǿߡÿһ۷壬Ǵӱߵ۷ǿߵλã
ЩǵĽǶΪʤΪҫΪ̤۷壬ǶװԾԾԡ
бУʮغλǵľΪע
ʮʱкõĻΪ֮󽫻һǧλ̤ĵһҲǷǳ
ͬʱϣǿҲܴܵսޱߣ֮ǿߵλȴֻʮ
۷ǿߣǿ֮УǽǿǷսǿǿߵҲпܻᷢһЩ䶯
Ŀ⣬ȫۼյϡ
֮⣬ǻǣʩչط֮ҲͨǳˮһС
һƽеĵޱȿΧ˽ƣǱһݰΧ档
һÿһʮףʮס
󣬾˭˴ͨһС
ǻֺĵ˵Ѫȼ
졣
ҶʮصˣһΧһȺ˵ĵǹս
ŵĵӲֻ࣬мˣԸŵȴǲϾ˵鲼
ŵļʮǧŵӵĴӵ£ռյһǡ
ȵĿ⣬ȫ۽Ҷϡ
ҶϴŰɫǻԵۣˣֻʮܹ·ǻʥضеı־
ʮ˴ʮصž޵ĳţ
ܵ˳ȵĿ⣬Ԫȵ˲ɵֱͦ壬Ȼ
ֻҶʨүһɢģȻûһµӡ
յΧʮǿߣǸԴͳһķΣֱռյһǡ
Ҷ˵Ķ棬ǳǹˣǴųɫ·ǧ֮ࡣ
˵ǹףĿǰΨһһʱյܹ֮һסַţζųǹĸ߲Ϊлǿƺţ
Դӹʦ֮ʮ棬ƺûʱյ֮˰ɣ
Ԫʦĵϧû
˵ۣԪݺݵؿһҶҶ˵Ѿˣڣʱյ֮ѾԽԽԶˡ
һα䣬Ҫ䣬Ѿʮѹ˳ǹǾ˵ǹڣ
ǹʵѷһѣӵһֱߡ
ǹǱ߿ȥֻǰһµװȻĿĳԵΪĿ
йսǶǱͶȥ۵Ŀ⡣
ÿ궼ӿֳһЩţͬȽȽǣЩδ֧
ʮصĳ֮Уҫ۵ģʱյ֮Ͼ׼ˣΪ˵Ѿﵽʮصļ£
Ǽһ޷Խĸ߷壬Ī
ǹǱѾųˣʮصһˣ˿ս
ҶСӣĵߵʱյ֮ôˣʨүƳһףЦشҶʱյ֮͸ҺųţҶ͵ߵˣ
ʨүȻֻʱյ֮ӵʥ壬δĶ֣
ˣҶ͵ߵʱյ֮ôһ㡣
ô֣ʨүȥһ£ʨүЦ󷽡
ʨү仯ΣǻԵۣԾʮղкܶŮĻҪ˷ѣʵ
Щ˵ǿʨүһǻԵۣһ¶֮ɫ
ʨү䵽һòŮǰòŮʨ˿ۣһ˵ˣԸУʨǿߴӵ
ʨүЦشȥĹҾ츳Ǳʨүҿ㣬絽ʨүǻʥصйǴϥ̸ʨүҽطɺã
𣿡Ůգգ崿Ĵۣʨү
ǵȻʨүظ
˭֪ŮӺȻɫ͵һʨү£ݺݵصɫҵϷҲ㣬ǻʥ˲𰡣ҿʨϰλүүҰ𣡸Ҽס
ʨүʹһɲһʹɫʥ壬ˡ
ʱһȺʨһӵϣʨүһٱᡣ
ЩʨʨүʱʨүͻȻǰ˼һĴ֣ǸʵظһѣٺЦ
оظϮǵͨ죬еȻҪ㣡
ʨү͵һײ˵İΧЦŷӶȥһʨҪȥΧʨү
һͳ
˻ӥһ۷ǿߣ˵ĸ߲㡣
ڴ֣ɺͳӥѵһ
еίղòãֲ
ӥҲеΣʨүľĵӣһֻҪ̫飬ʹ»СС»ˣ
ʨүѵӣҶգεظ˸
ҶСӣСǹζʨүϲʲôʱʨүһˣʨү²ص
ԼȥҿûȤҶæҪҲȥҲҪ˴ϡɫӡˣǿԩ
ҶСӣҲ̫ûˣʨүһڵķüŪۣһš
ҶЦҡҡͷ֮ģȻ׷ţҶȴǳ
֮пȥ֮ŵ߲ϼ⡣
һׯϷ࣬ϣ˴֮ƺڰнʲôʱյ֮תʢģһŮӡ
ŮһϮ򵥵İ£ȴﶼʧȥɫ
֮£֮ѩòʵˣλðĸо
Ϣǹˣÿ˿ͷ·õϴӺ;
ÿһˣж鲻Խزһ˿Ľ֮⣬ĿʥŮ˶жκһ˿¡
ǿĴڣ
ͨǿ߶֮ͨѾǧϣֻǧѡ
һ𣬳ΪҫĴڣͬǾһ㣬޶
ī˾ӶߣΪ˵̫ϳ֮˾ӹܡ
һ£𶼺ֻʱ򣬲Ż֡
ɴ裬˶оһϢ֮С
ʵѹǹˣ˵ӽˣû֪۷ľ̤˶ԶһǧǰѾҵĴˣκǿ߶޷֮⣡
˵û߹УȻڶǿߣ


847 ս
޾Ĺǰ˶Բλࡣ
һڷ൱УϢģǳǹ
޴ķ֮Уݸ㣬ο࣬㣬һʵļ˱ȼųʢĻ棬ͬ˵еĻһ㡣
ϣ˵ɫĴ࣬ؿ֮һŻԵΪĿ
Ϣǿ߶оһǿѹ˿ĵֿ֮ģΨƾųʢĻ棬ֵϢѹȡ
磬ʮǰԼսɻǵãк·ɽһ㣬һ˵ơ
̧˫һշ·һ㣬һޱȰ·Ҫһ
ֲΣÿһϵĲԺʱգ
ʱ㣡ƽ޲˿֮öͬʱһĵ·Ž֮
ãһս֮ʱЦףоþûص
£˻Ȼ
֮󣬾Ȼ֮ܿս
鶼Ϊ֮ĳȣȲҪıȶ
ǧҫ۶Ŀ֮һѾǵ֮һˣĸΪܹ󼰣
ǳǹĵһˣǿλеڶʵԶԶǿҲû֪ﵽʲô硣
һǧս𣬽ϧ
˵λ۷壡
ǿߵԾܲڴ
ءءء
Žǳ
ˣˣˣ
ս޶
ڴڿʼˣ
ÿһ޴ĵϣгǧб䣬ÿһǸŵŵţ˶ո¶ͷǣǿ
˿̣еһ
ľ˵յĵӳҹҵĵԪˣ޷ʱյ֮д£Աߵľ
棬Ϊ𣬵ȻʵǲܸᲢ۵ģǱҪǿôһЩλ֮ߣܼ
ľɫȻصС֮ȥɣԪ򲻹ҹڳҹԼˣЩһܲܰƨƫˣ
ԪΪ˰㣬ҹô˵Ԫʧȥʱյ֮ĻᣬһţһҲԽȥҶһС鷳ֻԪģϣϴʣȴû뵽ûΪͱҶˣôܲգ
ľΪȻصԪСҼΣ츳Ҳûôʱյ֮ڳҹҲӦңԪĿˣܹһЩпΪٺ٣һܵţҪҲգ
˼ҹ츳Ҫ߹Ԫඣ̧̧ۣһ
Ȼľƶص
ܴܳǹףΪһ˿ٹ⣬ұ㲻׷ܣǾͰͬ𷣣ɵص
ľüëһ΢Щ䣬룬û˵ҶʨүһЩڴģ֪Ҷʨүǲ׵Ķ֡
Щǿǵķ໷ڸϿգ·ǵĿ·ȺţѰЩʺĵӡ
𾲾ţŮһ㣬ǣվϼɡ
ϸĴаָʲô·Ŀ⾹ҶϣƬ֮¶һ˿ٻʧɫĵЦݣ˫
𿴵飬ƺҲʲô·ȥ΢΢ü
ˣǣҲڱ˴˴š
ƺû̫ӿֳǹҡҡͷ̾Ļμɨȴûرϲķ֡
ȻҲֻǴԵؿһ£©֮ҲǺġ
ڻֻǱڣһЩ˵ճ𲻷ٿľƵЦ
ǰְټűʱѾˡҪΪ֮رħռˣʮоŸǴ֮سģͥȻһ̾
֮أǿʹԴأȴħռˣΪ˶֮أߴٴΣȻ޷֮شħжء
̸֮أһǶЩȻ
λ𲻱˻ǳû֮صģ飬΢΢һЦ棬ѩڣӣǿǵʵҪ
ԼǣǷ׷Ӧ͵
һԵΪȻصһЦȴû˵ʲô
սڶμǿһѪڣܹõʶԺܹƽƣ
ı䣬ǲܶģƴȫʵ
ǵĹ涨Ϊ˹ƽΪܹɸѡǿߣ
ڵϱƴ似ǿ߲ÿһ³ˣΪչ˳
ϣڶ似ѤöĿս쳣ҡ
񼶱Χǿ飬һطȴ类һ㣬ֻվһˡ
Ǳף
̬֮ˣʱն°΢̧ɫ°ؿķǿߣɢǿϢ
ǿ߱壬һʱ侹˸ǰ֮ƴ
һ˿ɫܼһµĿָ˷򣬰Ȼ˵ģɸҳǹһս
׵˵ÿһ䡣
ǹսкϷˣЩΧ۵۷׷ףһɫ
ƺڸĵϣǹ˷ս
ȻоˣǹҪս˰λľģ
кβңԪߺȵӳҶ֮ȻΪ𣬵֮ǰѾκϵˣľô׻ָģĵҩ֮ǿܹﵽ۷ʱڵˮ׼ˡ
ԪԶȻص˵ģ¹˭
ȵǻʥصҲǷ׷Դ
Ԫȵˣܹǻʥأ츳ͨȻҪԽö࣬ȻȻ˼ְ
Ϊǻʥصˣ˶˵ƣ
ǻʥʮһվ˵ǰǰȻӢˣ˺ЩǿĪĹ衣
Ԫʦ֣ѵѵڳԵļһ˵
Ԫʦ֣磡
ߣǧȺӿź֮ͬκһ㣬òϢ


848 
񼶵ĵϣտǰң˺ͳǹıƴʼսһ
ֿҲǻʥصĵһվ˵ǰ棬Ȼǳܵ糱ˣҲѪȡ
ҫʱ̵ˣ
һֱΪľһ̣
ȻԨ»򣬵Ͼĸף¸һң˾ļң
ҲҪ˵ҫ
˵ǵķźֿоԼѪҺȼգ
ʱֿͻȻߺˣǻʥزʮ
ЩɻػعͷȴҶʨүȻںеš
ʱҶʨүȻ
ôֿƵʵҶʨү²ؼӣЩơ
ȥﲻһ𣿡Ҷһ޹صѵҪǰʾ磿
ֿʵһ㶣Ҷ˵ûǰȷʵһģǣʱ̣ѵҶʨү鲻
һֿ̣о˼ϵصҶʨүһһֱΪܹǻʥضеϵٹ⣡
Ϊȡҫǻʥصӵʹ
ԪĵؿһۺҶʨүҫпԵô˵ģ
󷽵ȺУµҶʨү˻֡
ҹͣ
Ŷ
ʨүˬذһͣҶСӣ㻹ܻӭʵʨүҲԣ
ʨүתٺЦųԶ˻֡
ʨүǸɫеӣɫ˲࣬ҧ޲ʨүһ١
ӣʨү۾ð̹⣬СǹȻʨүϲ
ǻʥصôں棿
Ǹǻʥض
ôܽǻʥأһڵӿɢںҶʨү۷׷ס
ʵȥˣ
ʵôܼǻʥأ
¼İɣʵ޷ȡ
Щ˵ĵǷ׷˵ţҶʨүǲͲм
׿ǰȻʮһˣмЦһԪ㲻ҵĶ֣Ǽʥûĵʱյ֮Ҳѣ
ף˭ʤ˭˲֪Ԫɫףһĵһ֣ԼܸףȻ֪ܲ׵Ķ֣ʱѡΨһս
룬ٳһĵط˺ͳǹľ
ƾǼһսҪԶˣЦӳʮһӰĵʱյ֮ģ˸ʱյ֮ģҪҴȴӮ˵
㣡ԪɫΪѿ׼ֱȫףϣ
׵˵ͷȥǹǱҲӳһˣʱյ֮ġ
Ӱӵ˵롣
һ겻һ꣡ԷǸЦĲǳǹʮصĵ֮һ
ʥҲ˲񣬿νѵ㣡׵ָԷŭʱյ֮תֻͻŭųĲȥ
Ĳܵʱյ֮۳һɫսףһӱһȭͻȥ
䣡
ʱյ֮׺Ĳսһ
˺ͳǹĵǺֱͻʡ
׺ĲĶԾ˺ͳǹͨǣҲ׷ϳڵսһš
˫ҫ֮ս
ʮǹѹһͷǹĵҲ˺ݺݵزڽ¡
ǹҪΪİôͱҪѹȥǵʵǺ󱲵ʵ
׸ĲԽսԽ죬Ӱ
˺ʱĲУͻȻһĺâȻǣһֲȭӰ׺
ءһײ
ױĲʱյ֮˳ȥصˤ˵ϣ˿Ѫ
ƾʵҲҵĶ֣ĲŪЦ
׽ҧأȭͷͣŵ棬ޱȰգĲʵҪǿ̫̫ˣ
ˣ
˵ĵһƬףЩš
ͬʱյ֮ΪʦֲĲĶ֣Ȼô̵ʱܡ
ĲЦһ˫ֱߵ׵ǰһǿϢѹƵ޷
Ҫʲôѵɱʦ𣿡˵ĵ𾪵ؿһĻ
Ԫ֣սȭͷĲףҲɻĲѵΥĹ涨ɱ˲ɣ
ȴʱĲߵ׵ĸǰҽ̤׵Դݺݵز˽¡
ءһ׵Դݺݵײ˵ϣŭӣĲϢѹ޷˲Դĳ裡
Ĳ̧ͷ˷򣬱ĵؿЦǻʥص𣿲ˣ
ĲſЦ˵ǵĶ߻ص
̫
ǿ벻̣
ڶ˵ĵǷ׷վ˳ǳ׵سŭˡ
ҶСӣЩһﻹе㲻̫ϲʨүһ⣬ԭȫμʲôģڣҲЩǹŭˣȻȵס
ٿɡҶɽص侲ó档
ʨүҶ˽⣬ҶѾ˾ϡ
Ĳ׵Դ׵룬ͷ׵ô㱾£ͲҪˣȥɣĲһŽ߷˳ȥ
׿Ѫߵõɻһڵм䣬Ǳˤڵء
ͷҧأһ£һ̧ͷˣ֮·˵Ҫʹֹˣ
ЩǹĵǷˣ죬˷򷢳Ū
Χ۵ĵЩɻΪʲôǹ˾Ȼ˼ҵˣҪļưѵǹľһ
һ£ҪǳǹľôҪˣ
һս򶼽ðˡ
ᣬ˫֮Ȼ໥ϾſƣһΣĲľٶ͸һֱζ
ûи߲⣬Ĳôһ΢ĵӣôôҵ󳬼֮ìܣ
ЩͨӣǿһĻҲɵпһ
ô£
ѵǹ׼˿ս˲ã
ǳǹôǷǳصģҲ裬Ϊ󳬼һսǼֱͿ̿Ҫ֪ڸĴս
ЦſһۣʲôҲû˵
ɫʼƽһ˵ĳ֮·ķ޷κһ˿


849 ֿϳ
ĮӣԭЦǲһһ˿һ·ϵı䡣
һһ˺ͳǹ֮ıȶ㼫Ϊˡ
ʮصĵ֮ˡ
Ƕ䣬ȴźķչ
ʮصĵϣսţ˫ӶŭŶԷҪ
ǹ̫
浱û˲ɣ
ԪüͷɫΪء
ǹڣظоһֱζ̧ͷϿ˵ļλǿһۣ֪ǻζ
αԾԲ䣡
ˣǹ˿϶͸ˣ
ԪȻԸ߰ƧΪ˵һԱСﳤ˶˵ǷҲҪ˵ҫ
ȵϣԪųǹ˳ʮ棬ȵĵʱյ֮Щʱյ֮ģѾˡ
ȵü΢ЩɣоǹڣȥˣҲδǶԷĶ֣һ㱻裬Ժôˣ
ȵɵʱֿվ˳ӵ
Ǿϰɣȵһæ͵
Ԫݺݵصһȵһֿս¹شֿûаգ
СӼ򵥵ֿƶص
Ԫֿ֮䣬һЩìܣ¹˵ЩԷ£Ԫ֣صصӮˣԪھǰǵĹһʹ
ֿеؿһԪԪ˸ãʢˣ˹ϵǺܺã֮ǰ͵ϮҶľٶеû뵽ʱȴ˵ĻֿԪӡеĹۡ
ȵηֿЩݣеˣΪʲôľٳûȵΪͽ²Ϊȵ츳ƷԲأ
ãֿҲǺ죬ȥ
ն۷ӢĿֿɨ˼ۣӹһ˿ɫĲ裬ϣ
Ĳеƣ׼ֿҲһأҲ׵Ļӻ˳ǹһڵ֮䣬һսףüĿĲмƵ
Ĳĸ磬ĵʱյ֮ʵĲǿܶࡣ
۷׷ס
ǹȻˣ
ĵʱյ֮˶Ըһֻʱյ֮ģ
ûȤһһȥˣһ˾㹻ȫˣʶĻȥɣǿ˫۱أؿֿĵʱյ֮תһɿֲֿѹ˹ȥ
ʵҪѹǹֿһ
Ͼֿʱյ֮ѡ
ЩСҾѾ㹻ˣֿȵϱŷһǿϢһ㣬趴ȥ
оǿ΢һ㣬ʼֿ
ʱյ֮ʵǲҪӮңȴԶˣһΧʱյ֮ͬһ㣬ͣϢϵʢһɫʱյ֮ǳʢĻһ㣬
ֿŭһܵʱյ֮һֻľޣָֿۣϳ˸ָףϵëҲͻȻ쳣ʢǻһֻͻһ㣬Ȼ𣬳ȥ
أ
ҵضײһɾ޴ĳ˳ȥ
˵һڵǽŵؿŵı䣬ĶһѺ
ֿʦּͰ
ֿʦͷų飬һӮģ
˵ǵźɽһ㣬ѪţǼĺҶҲһ£û뵽ЩԸ˵ӣһ̾ȻŽᣬӵôǿС
׿ŵıԣǹһ˿ЦȻںΣֿضĶֿ֣ԪȵͲò³ˣʱһҪһͿأ̧ͷ
һվϣ˵꣬ʱյ֮ĹôǱ
ϧѾˣȻĻضҪù꿴Լ⼸Ľж
ֿҪ䣡ȵüųУԵǣʵֿǿ˶٣ֿһܣԪͲò³ˡԪܴùףض⵽Է裡
ԪɫصؿųֿıȶоǵӵĿ⣬սȭͷ
Ϊʲôҳٳٲʱյ֮
ȻҲЩǹˡ
ҶСӣ˭Ӯʨүڵϣ֪Ūһҩĸ׽ţһ߲̲˵
Ҳ˵׼Ҷҡҡͷ˫ıƴȻֿƣֿһʵ
ֿܴ֪ʾöԷɾ裬ȻԷһ
ֿС츳ҲΪȶԷһأֲĲ࣡ʨүЩϧ˵
ϴ򶷵ü伤ңʤһߣҶʨүȻţ˿š
ҶǼš
ǵĿ⣬עųǹʮصǵıȶ
ǹĵУȷʵӿ˲ţͥ˵Ŀ׺ļϣףǹ˼Ϊĵӡ
ߣʱյ֮ĵӶǰЩ̽ˣԽʤҲ㲻ʲôǹ˵᲻أȴոպʤ˱ҳ£
˼˺ͳǹʤ̫أҪ˶ìܡ
Ҳ׷׸ͣϣ˫ìܣǲ롣
Щ˵ĻмƲƲ죬ɫسһۡ
ɫʼƽ޲飬Ϊ䷲֮ţ覣Өŵɫϼ⣬κο˶鲻Խķ۷
˸֪֮䵽ʲô
ʵ̫ˣ˲Ľ֮ģ˫һǧ𼶱֮ŮȻкܶ׷ߡ
ͨ˾㰮ĽҲȥ׷Ϊ̫Զˡ꣬λ׷Ҳ֮һλȻ󰮡
ǣжûͱˣ뿪ʱֻǵ˵һ䣺ˣǸӢۣҶ򲻹Ҳ
仰ÿʱÿ̶Ķϣ˵仰ʱÿһ˿̬ǵһֳ׵ĵĮ׵ӣ
Ǽһʹͳ裡
һ̣㷢ģһ죬ҪǰԶ


850 ƽ֣
һտʼͿʼΪƿ֮ûãҲ˳ǹƿߡ
ǣΪһǧսһΰһΣԸоΪԽԽԶ
˭֪Ϊﵽʲô硣
ļ٣ÿһսܣоԼһαݺݲ˽¡
죬ȴʼ׷ϲĽŲ
ľʱһˣǸ˸һط
ǲطһΪصŸҼս
ĳǹѾͬˮʱᱬһս
˿ֿ̣ҵսţʱյ֮ϵظѿռ䣬һֲı紵ζ
ֿɫأϳ֣ޱ֮޺
ɣĳսͨȼźɫ棬ÿһȭÿһŶƬĳʢ棬ƷǷ
أ
ɢХ
ʵϣֿѷɫһЩƾҲܡ
˫˽״̬ԽսԽҡ
˺ͳǹĵǺ˷
ҶһĶãֳһ˿սǳʣµʱյ֮оΪµͻƣʱյ֮еεļ
ʱյ֮˵֮лǿˣߵʱյֻ֮ôģ
ʷϣûߵʱյ֮
Ҷ֮УĴ򶷶޷ע⡣
ʨүǴ˸Ƿеؿŵıȶ
ֿ裬˺ͳǹ֮ͨĽҲǳҡ
ٸʮصĵ³ǹĵǱȶӱƴ˵Ϊǡøոսˣ֮ͨıƴȴܹӦһʵ
꣬ռݾϷģϵǣ֪ΪʲôǹЩͨӵҲԶԶ߾ʤ١
ǹ飡³ѵǣȥˣŭһ𣬾Ҫɱȥƴ
ʱֻʨүһ㣬˻
ǵ㱾£³˱һپ͹ˣʨүһЦ٬عסСϸָǺá
ɫߣſңСһ٣ŭƾҪȹȥ
ʨүƤɣǰʨү޳ܵذȥһ۵ı顣
ʱ͸˲Ӭһܣ߳ŭ߶ʱյ֮ʨүϣʨүȴǺ޷ӦʹٺЦ츳ȻҲʱյ֮
ʨүܵʱյ֮תɵػĹ
ʱΧһȺʨѾΧ
СӣʶĿС£
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ʨүȻƤЦԲѵصȺʨӼʨүҵĶ֣ҲǶ֣ǹܺǵС㣬Ҫ³ֻᰤᣡ
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ʨүһ£漴ЦףСиԣʨүϲȻô˵ˣʨүҾͰЩǹȫһ٣ϻ㵽ʨүҵķ䣬ϴװѹ·ԹԵţ
һΪ˿ûػӦ
ʨүʱһ׬˵ı飬Цüۡ
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ŭ죬ɱ˶оһϢĳơ
ֿ֮սҲؼʱ
˵ӰӰ
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ܵʱյ֮ͻȻһֻɫľӥֿ񸩳
ǵʱյ֮צХץ
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ۿžҪצ˺룬ֿͻȻСಡһԱ߷˳ȥ
䣡
ʱյ֮˵ĵϣɢ䡣
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ֿһȭ̺ȫеʱյ֮ȫȭһϣϸһ㣬ȥ
ֿһȭϾҪ䵽ˣȴͻȻ¶һ˿յЦݡ
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ʵһأЦһ͵ش߶ƾԡһֹֿǽڽڶ˳ȥ
һɾҵʹֱ֮дֿɫ˲òҰס
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ǵڱ衰ۡ³һѪ߳ŭڷɳȥͬʱһźݺֿؿϡ
ͬʱɶ˵ϡ
ֿˣڵϲͣشϢţʶģ
ΪҪѷɫܹܶ࣬Ѿļˡ
ĨǵѪĵվû뵽ֿȻһâڵϴϢֿ˹
˫Ȼܾˣʤһ˵ĵǲЩʧֿʦ֣ҲǵĶ
ֿʦֻʱյ֮ԷĵܹѾ˲ˣ
ֿʦֺģ
迴ŵΪضʶģֿ¶һ˿ɱ⡣
ҶȻ۾Ȼɱֿ񣿳ǹ˸ڵɱˣδҲ̫޼ɵˣѵҪս
ҶУֿѾҶˣôֿܿɱ
ҶһԱߵʨүʨүϰɣ
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һһֿȥÿһѹֿѹȥ
ܾˣǴ˸ƽ֣ⳡˣϰɣˣʨүҲ۸㣡ʨүȻֵ֣Цһɢģ
ֿܣԪѾ׼³ˣʨүͻȻ֣һ£û뵽ʨүʱϳ
Ԫȵ˻˵һڵǶû뵽ɵֲ졣
ǶʨүǹһһǿѾˣǲΪʨүжõı֡
ֿѾˣʨүȻ˵ƽ֣ɫĵʱյ֮۵ȭϣȭӰʨүȥȥƽ֣


851 ʥ
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˸ź⣬΢ƲҶúѿ
ʨүϻڣƱǡ
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ȭʨүϣ졣
ʨү˼ȭܵϻ𷺳˿˿
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ⲻܣƬ̲ŷӦ۾ɵþͭһ㣬ŵؿʨү
һȭŭѾ̺ʮɵ
ʮɵʨүȴһȭӡû¡
裬žˣ
˶ĿɿڴؿʨүηӦ
ʨүֻǻ裬Ҳûʲôʨүƾ͵ֵסȭҪ֪Ǵ߶ĵʱյ֮
ĵʱյ֮ǿߣȫһʨүκ˺ۣ
⾿һߺεǿ
߾Ƭ̣漴һĻ
ʨүģ
ʨү
һ̣Щ˵ĵǷϵؾʨү֮ɽ
ԭ˻ôǿʮصӣ
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ʨүʵԸ϶׾١
ҶƽţţϵԤ֮С
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һ̺ſʱյ֮ȭʨүϡ
ôƮƮҲƿʨүҵʨүһھҶǿֲı֮ʨүѾǿĳ̶ȣ
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ǹǱߵĵǿʨүһ𾪵õɴ۾ֱԼһУͨĿУһֱ콾֮ӣʵˣڣʹ˻ȴڸʨү
ȻףһĻҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫʵģҲ޷˾ӲĹ
˵ҵһͷôǿʨӣ
׵дһ˿ңͷϻʨֻǿѣ
ȭͷûжʨүκ˺ȭ̺ĳȻʨүϻ֮ȫѸڡ
ͷųĻ棬ʨүϻ˼βֹ
ԽԽץˣͷϻʨʲô̥
ľ·ϵʨүһĨȻ֮ǰ;ҶʨүһЩ֮ΪûпǸ˴򶷣Ի޷ȷʲôʣȻ˳
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輸ľ˻Ҳ޷ʨүһ˿˺ۣѾ۵ˡ
ȭͷҲ̫ûˣʨүҽ̽ˣʨүкȻһ˿֮ɫϻȻʢֻӳʱյ֮Ѹٻۣ֮лһֻצ
һɿֲͷֶ£̩ͬɽѹһ㣬ǿľϵı鶼˺Ťˡ
ľս߶ĵʱյ֮Ǿצĺȥ
ĵʱյ֮Ӵצ֮ͬݿһ㣬ɢ˳ȥ

跢ɱĲҽѹóһƽ棬ϵ·޴ѹ˺÷׷ѡ
أ
߾ȫصֿţµʯͷķѣѵĺۼһѸٵɢ˳ȥ
䡱һֲľ˷ɢ
ʱյ֮䡣
豻ʨүûľצĽ˵ʯ档
һĻ˶оһ̵ʯͷһȽȴǼʯ豻һУҪһ˰ɡ
ʨүȥצֻ˲ӡڵϣ߿Ѫ˱ƽþһһ㡣
˿̵裬һݣ
ֽŻ壬ĵòˡ
ʣһƮƮôһ
ԹôҲʲȥ
ڳǹȻ㲻ģҲǳͣĵʱյ֮ѾǷǳˣԺôҲܳλ۷壬ô
Ϊǿصһꡣ
ǹĵӷɿѾһһߡ
ĵʱյ֮ǿߣȻʨүһĳ࣡
һ˺ͳǹĵ֮С
ʨүʱյ֮ѣȻǿˣ
㶹߱Ļ
ʨү䣡
ʨүʨүʨү
һ߹һղĵһɨգ˵ĵʿս
ϵȻ˴֮ôһЩĦһ̣һȫ³ɼһ¶⣬˶ǵĻ֮
ɽ֮УҲѪڣʨүıӰһ˿˿ȻʨүϣһǿҵƦò˵˿̵һµӢۣ鲻ԽΪ۷
ǿȵĻ֮ʨүڵѪҲ
һ̣ŸܵһЩУҲ
ǹģûʨү棿ʨү˵ӣЩǹĵѪڡ
ǹֻϻʨʵʵ̫ˣ
׵Ҳղŵ֮ɫһأȻʱյ֮Ҳȷܷʨү³ˣǾͶˣ


852 ˵
ǲĵʱյ֮³ĻʻᱻʨүŰһ
Ͼĵʱյ֮棬ѾǱȽǿˡ
ʨүǰȴ֮ûУ
ʨүȻʱյ֮ʱյ֮ģѷɫ
ǹģû˸ϣûʨүҿҪȥ˯ˣǹǱһֱûϳʨү˸Ƿʮ̬ʱóǹ˾ϻġ
ĵҵš
ǹǱ˵
ͷϻʨӦñ׻Ҫǿϼ֣
ǹҪս˻̫ˣһֱİԲûеģ
ӳǹڶȴҪػȥˡ
ߣȺӿ˶ΪʨүȲʡ
ǧ֮Уһ޳꾲վȺУò㣬ݰףƤϸ壬εúܶŮȻʧɫҶڹҩʱǸСФ֡
ԭФҲ˵еһԱ
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Ŀ˶ǰҶ૵ҳ֣Ҳ㹻ԸˣҶıӰһ˿棬Ҷʵﵽʲôľ磿
˿̣ҶȻ֮УΧǾκһź·𶼸޹أ˿Ӱ쵽Ҷоɫʱյ֮ѾҪˡ
ΣǵߵҲԶˣ
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׷˵룬ʨүңңԣܣɫʱյ֮תһǿϢɢ
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¶Щ˼֮ɫӹһĨ
ѧˣΪڸѭǼأǻֻѭܲʢ
Լǡ˷׷׵ͷⷬҲһЩ
ڽ𣿡мЦһʲô˵ƾɱ㣬̤ǧݹǣһ·;ηηң
һʱ䣬¶һǿɱǺ׹١
ˣһӣ㽫ϵɱѹ˻ȥ̾˽Ϊ֮£ȴ֪жˣǧ齵ܶ£жжң٣ؾ
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ʨүʱյ֮׵ʱյ֮ϵضԺţ䣬һʯأһʯڿбը˷ĩ
ʨү׶Ϊģγž޴ķ籩
ŷ籩˴˺ţҵı֮
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ܵԷӿħʨүҲ¶˼֮ɫһȻħ
׵ƲϵʨүҲս죬ϻᡱһˡ
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853 ʨү쭣
ħѪɫ磬вħһЩǳǿ
ԪħǷǳǿһ֣ԼǱܣʮ
׶ʨүħݺᣬȻһâ
Ԫħӡ
ֳܸһӡЩӡɢźڰϢΧʱյ֮ʹӡϵĺڰϢ
ȥɣ״һʨүһȭ
ӡȻۣȫ۵ȭͷϣǧ˸źâУһӡţͬһ㣬ʨү

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أʨүЩӡ˵ɲ˺ۣǣЩ˺ۿɼٶȣɿػָˡ
ʨүʹ죬ȻһЩˣ׵ӡԺʨүҪ֪ʨүǿޱȵʥ壡
սڣʨүоʹ
Ҫǿˣ
ԽԽľʱյ֮ںԪħӡӡȻ޷䱬ʨүֻʨүһЩ˺۶ѣ˿ϵٶȼֱ죡
⾿һʲô
˱̬Ļָô򣿣
Сӣܹ˵ʨүңǺˣʨүһƣʨүԾ͵س£ƾ̺ŵԵϻ𣬺Х
ʨүһ䣬ѸٵغˣһƲϵؽӡһɫӡʨүؿӡȥ
׵Ϭĺ⣬һӡѾȻλһӡҲǱɣԪħӡԷֽǿޱȣ
һӡԼؿڣʨүܣ޴һ׵ͷ­
ȫܾ˵Ĵ򷨣
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Ӱ˳ȥ䡱һ˵ϣˤ
ϻɢ䣬ӡ顣
׵ԪħӡʨүؿںһѪĽʨүˡ
ǱʨүһԴϣ˾һڿת˼ʮȦӶŤˡ
ˤڵϣѪ˫ԴΡΡؽת˹Դˣ٣
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пȥ߸ߵԼʨүɵзһǿߣ
룬˵ϴʲôµģ˫ĿԲݺݵص˻ȥ


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ǲΪһֻ϶۶еġ
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𣬳ǹʮصĵ棬Ӧûб׸ǿ˰ɣ۳룬΢ЦſҲףǹûаصƣϣܹʹ˰֡
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ĳǹʵеŹ֣
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翴ʮص棬ǻʥصʮǿģʵȻļţ״ӣ
Ҷʨүĳ֣ȷʵе⣬ΪҶʨү֣ļȻû
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ȵ֮ʨүźʨүҴŮˣΪƸң
ȵʨүƳոףͷȴԶҿһĲΧ˶ɵԴԪͷƤЩ顣뵽֮ǰǱĳһףǵĶŶ˶
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ȴһüԣʲôʵȻӵʥ壬Ҳһ䣡һЩˣ޷Ĵڣ


855 Ծ
׿ҶĿһµƣг޵еİ
һɳֱϣȼ˳ʢĻ棬ȵ·Ҫһڻ
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׵Ĺһ죬ԭͬСɽһαøΪ׳վҶǰһһ㡣
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֮Уƺֻûиеκβ졣
˾ϵʱյ֮ͬʱʥӵߣ츳ŵκһ棬صĳţ


856 ʱյ֮
ʱյ֮ʱյ֮
ʮǿߵ۷Ծˣ
ĵȫ۾ŵعעţ©һǰ㡣
ߣԪȵ˶ˣҲ벻ҶȻѾʱյ֮
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׵ڿͣƬ̣ʱҶᡱһԾ̺ʱյ֮ȭͷȥʱյ֮ϵرĿ
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Ҷ˽Զɱףǹߵļ۷ǿ߿϶ͶˣȻ⣬ҲֻǶݺݵضҶ
Ҷպǳǹĸ󻼣
ȥɣӥһҶԵ֮ɫ
Ҷ˵ͷӪȥ
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ΪҶпһܹԽǿڵĳţ
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λķ࣬ɣ̤ǣͷգ
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˺ͳǹ۷ǿߵĶԾܲڴ
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861 
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ҶСӣ˵᲻䣿ʨүҶҲǣϾֲ죬ӣȴʨүĲˣʨүϲСĸʨ֣ĸζ
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ϣˣȻǾ͵ˡʨүƲƲǹ˿϶Źǵģ
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뵽Ԫɽ˵Ǿ仰ԪɽΪܵٻ뿪Ԫǵġ
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ҶоܿһҪǿĴڣһӵͨ쳹֮ܵĳǿߣ˵Ǹص¥һĴڡ
Ҷǣ𱳺һǿĺ̨һսĽͺԤˡ
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˿һĻɵõһȻһȭЮһɰƥƣƺһȭˡ
ɫ䣬׵΢΢̧𣬶ԽԽһȭĳ
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һޱׯΰһɲ˵⻰ʱһְԾµİȻ
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Ҳ̽Ѱ֮Щǿǵİأʼ޷һ
嫵棬ʷУһЩǿһЩǡѪǵȵȣЩǿ
ȻһЩѪ֮ĶҲʹã̽ÿһѪǡǣвͬԣ̺صֲ֮УһСıᱬ
ȻҰֲڣʵ̫ˡ
ףô𣿡ܿͻָ侲
кξ壡ηηңЦ
սͶԻսеӶܶɻ󣬲֪ʲô
һ¶ɫȻôΪֲڡǵǿ֪ģǴ꣬һЩԶؾһЩȱµǡѪ;ǣЩԶŴġ
ǧ֮ǰһλǿһѪλǿֱӱˡ
еѪǡǽеǿĳ̶ȡ
ȻһǻٶõһЩûоЩ֮ǰû˸ðȻʹЩҲ֪ʲôʹá
Ҷ΢΢ü뵽˻ۿռƿѪ֪Լûа
⣬ʨүǸ޹ǣ֪᲻Ǵ˵еأ


862 Դ֮
ƺĿǰΪֹΨһһɹںǵˣ
ȻܹڶʱǿΪվǴڡҡҡͷ׵вƺȻûнһ֡
ֻҪʤɣģЦһӣһɲʺԹӿҲͲסһһħͬʱ֣ȥ
ӡ޵һ㣬ֶȥ
Щӡʱɣʱ䣬ɢɽȻͬϢ
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˿ң˫Ѹٵؽ˷ӡسһ޴Ƕţʱյ֮ɵĻ꾧Ө͸˰Χ棬һʱ⻪ţǷ̫һ㣬յÿ䡣
̤ѣǻһ㣬òƷˡ
һӡǶ޴ϣǶҡһĿ֣еĹ
𽿺һ˫ӡһ䣬Ƕ޴˻꣬䣬СƮɶ˻һ㣬ۼ
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һСƮƮɳٶȴǿ쵽ױȣգ۱㵽ǰ
һһħһӡϺһСײһ
䣡
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Ѹٵؽ˼ʮغϣ֮ѣȻĳЩ޴壬ɢľУҲ㱻ѡ
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ﵽǿԻǳ
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ҿڼңԶؽ֣ﶯ֣Ҫ꼰ˡ
һͷǸսа𣬹Ȼ۷弶Ĵڣǵʵϼжѡ
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ʵҲˣЦţħͬʱкħ֮γһ޴Ľƽ磬棬ǧӡȥ
ףսڣҲ㣬Ҫں֮󵽵Щ仯ʱȴͻȻ˵
ҲܴӮңȵøΪˡ
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𿴵һĻȴû׷Ҳɱ㣬ŵɣһûлŵˣԻȥȡ
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ʱսһУ˵ļλûоȲ죬ȫ˸鸴֡
ħЩؼɵǲŷ֣𲢲£µ
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Դ֮Ǵ֮ʥֹԴ֮һɱ⣡
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863 
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֮ҶõһöѪʥԼս׵öѪʥҶע⡣
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ջĿ⣬ЦЦؿһ·ʨү
ʨүʱһһʲô鶼û
һҶҶǰ㽫ԪˣѾԪȶ֣ѾطȻҲдǿΪҫұ㲻׷棬ͬУ
ϣȻ
ȻҲ㲻ƫУҶûо÷С
֮ǰԪȶ֣ҶøƽϡԺ˭۵ԼóֵʱҪ֣ҶǾԲģ


864 
ذĻϣʲô黹ʦţع˵ʲôöԣȻԪȶֵģǻҲûʲôǲ£Բ£ľЦеشҶ
û뵽ľȻ˵һҶжľʦĴ澴ġ
ȿȣҶΪʦҪ鷳һ顭ľ΢Щε˵
ʲô飿Ҷɻ󣬴ʵ
Ǹħ񽢣ôŪģɷΪʦҲŪһңľ뵽֮ǰ²ظҶ̤񽢣ڻޱΰħ񽢸̤һȣһǰһǰײˣȫһεġ
Ҷסˣû뵽ľȻæ
ȿȣȻΪʦҪħ񽢣ΪʦһЩ㽻
ʦˣһʦ㵽һҵģҪһʱ䡣Ҷعľħ񽢻ǷǳȤġ
Ҳ⣬Ͼôһ̤ǴͷͷҪҵʱ䣬ħ񽢿ֻҪһ¾͹ˡ
ο𣬾Ҫ֮һЩطǾ͸ΪңԶˡ
һЩطǳΣգеʱ̤񽢸ãҪħ־ްԣӦù
ˣֻܹһħ񽢶ѣԼĵܹŪħ񽢣ҲѹľҲҪһħˡ
ǾͰˣľ΢죬ԼĵҪ൱ġ
뵽ܹӵһħ񽢣ȻľҲеΪ˷ܡ
Ҷߵʱյ֮ʲôؾʱһԵҰҶʵ˸Ĺâ
ҰĻҶҰòҪԼõʲôܰɣ
Ҷװһ£ȻЩãȻصҲ֪ʲôԭͻȻˣܸҵйذɣҴһʼѾԴ߶ϵˡ½ѾҶ˲йҶһЩҲ޴ӵ١
ʱյ֮֮Ҷ˵ʱ˸Ӧһ˿
ҶĽͣҰ΢üͷƺе㲻⣬ǵʥ壬ǴӺζ
ĹðյʱеõöӣҺʨүһһö֮󣬾Ͷʥ壡ҶһϿҵص
Ұ׷ʣľһ͵ɣողμᣬкܶ飬ǾȻȥɣ
ľҶʨүԲ
лʦллλǻȥˣʨүӿڵ
һһʨ˳˹
ҶʨүȥҰЩصǶȻ
Ҳ˭ὫԼ֮ľҰʩˣҪͦҶʨүˡ
Ұҡͷ̾Ϣľ㲻ҵġҶܽߵʱյ֮ķ˵ĺУǿ߽ԴԴϵӿ֡Ҫ֪ʱ䲻ˣڿҪС֮¡
ʱ𵭵ؿڵǿط˶ġܹҶطҲ㲻طˡ˱ضܹõ
ҰȻе㲻ģҲֻ̾Ϣһˡ
ҶȥıӰĿ䣬Ҷ鵱мΪؼһֻǲ֪Ҷܹʲô̶ȡ

ʥҶʨүФֵĴ£ʥ
ʥռؼ㣬ȺﵽȪ٣ľ֣ҩأһµ̨ͤ¥׺䣬ŨγڵƮŨʱյ֮Ĵתľ֮أǻʥغ˲֪١
ҶʨүӵһıԺܽ
ʨүҲȥԼıԺͺҶһ
Ƭ֮ҶʨүڵıԺ˶ʮˣͷһ۷ǿߣмλλλФʵ֮һ
Фʵ൱ģһʮأһʮСŮ
Ҷһ£ܹʮʮ˲صţ
ʮ˶ǳᣬ˵ǵƶûг١
Ϊߵ۷ǿߣҲͻİٶѣѾϾˡ
İٶ׵۷壬ҪǴȥǻȻ󲨵ģ
λ˾ͽϣǵʦ֣ФָͷǸӢ˧˵
˾ͽ۷弶ǿߣһϮ£ɫơ
ǺãλʦܣԺָ̣˾ͽ΢Цŵϣһ˿
Ҷ˾ͽӡ󻹲
ҵԺʦֶգҶ˵
ʦʦҲǳƣ׷ǰк
յӵʱһյҲƷϼѵĵӡյǷǳصģԪȻ߰һƬϣԲűΪ˵ӡȵƷԷԭ򣬳ٳûܳΪľĵӡ
ܹߵʱյ֮Ѿ츳ǿˣպǰ;ʦֵܾͳɣһˣʦֵ֮䣬ͱôˣ˾ͽˬʵЦ
ֻǺ˼䣬㽥תϣһȺ첱Ӵ֡
Ҷ֣˾ͽϵ˵ɿȫ֮УΪľ׷ļ£
ѹᣬܴﵽΪ
ɹûнң
Ҷʦ磬ôܹߵʱյ֮أ˺ܶķʼ޷һɫʱյ֮һ۵ǰǳݵʵ
ҶͷȥʻǸʮСŮ
ֻϸںڵĳͷ˸˫Ѿ٣ķβ˫֮ϣɰ׵Ƥհǵļˮ飬۾һһ·˵Сɵĺ촽һ㣬˸žӨĹһСѷֲ࣬ǳǳһЦ֣һɰСŮһ㣬
ȻͻСѾһŴݵˣǳˣضһ㵹ˣһ
뵽ҶȻãŮüĿ֮ôơ
ʲôġ
ҶСӣСŮ޲Ůɣ԰ǧˣѵݣʨүǰԵشҶ
ҶûʨүСŮ΢Цʲô֣
ҽīҶʦͿˣһЦСѳĵСΪɰ
Сʨүҽôߵʱյ֮ʨүٺһЦյԱߵ
Ŵۿʨү˾Сʱյ֮
ȿȣʨүɿһ£ЩΣû뵽һСŮһۿˣڨڨز˵ˡ
ФֿһҶãǵУΨһһʱյ֮ˣ
ãôܣͲôࣿʨүʧ
ǽͲֻҪסͿˣФֵʨүһ۵ֿһ֮ɫ


865 Ͷ
Ҷ˿Фֿ֣˿΢΢ü⵽ô£ܲðɡ
֮䣬ӦһЩѪԵϵģȻ಻ôơ
û뵽Ȼʱյ֮
Ȼ仹źܶ಻Ϊ֪ǿߵġ
ФʨүԴҪˣҪʥǿʮҲûã
ЦذɣʨүƲƲΪмʨүᱻһʮСŮܣⲻܣ
ʨү͵͵ֻСգŴĴۿһ޹ӡ
Ȼʨүоһϸоһ˿̲ŵϢϢƺΪ£
ʨүͷƤ飬ãͨ˶ȻǲͬģФֵĻû٣
ʨүӣҶɺЦҡҡͷ
Ҳ֪βܸõߵʱյ֮սʱģʷһЩԭ򡣡ҶСϿҵص
ҶĻ죬ЩյصҽҲμս
Ƿǳġ
˾ͽϡФ֡һ̸˰ʱ½ȥ
СôʨүˣЩŵѯҶ
ҶһЦղФִңͬһʱˣֻΪһЩԭ򱻱ˣֱʮǰűȳڱĹУƺһЩ仯ȻֻʮأΪȴͨ޷ȵģϾǸһѪģ
ʨүզ֪࣬ʲô仯
УФҲ򵥣ԭ֮壬꣬Ǳȣ֮סŻŮ˴˴Ϊ˱ʢƽʱҪжװΪ֮壬һǿطʨүҲҪҶʨүǵʥϾûдﵽɣ
ʨүŴͣһڿˮ˹Ȼǿƣ
ʱţת۹ȥһ¡
ʱ䣬Ҷʨүʥ֮ר
Ϊûڰ˵͵ھŵʱյ֮ҶٳûѪʥʨүΪ˶򼸵ʱյ֮ҲûгѪʥ
ÿʱһʦֵܡʦöһΣҶʨүҲ
ľҲżˣ̵Ҷʨүѧһϣľ𼸺ڣҶĴм
ħ񽢣ҶѾֿͣȥԪˣƻҪһʱܻ
ֿҶʨүǳʥõϾֿҶʨүϵֿˣֿҲǳ⡣
ֿƷԲֵģҶûɵ֣Ծֿȥˡ
һգҶʨүڱԺͻȻһǰá
Ҷ֮ǰʥصʱ򣬸ôһЩʣͷֵˡ
֪Լʲô顣
ɣ
ʹӵ£ʥҶڵıԺ
صͷԵС
Ȼϵ˵һСܣԼҲһƬʥ棬Ǹһָͷܽɻң
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ĻҶüѾ˹ͶҶġ
˲ãҲ㲻ʲôˣϾһλһ˵һܣǸһ棬һЩüֵģ
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ˡҶЦЦһְæ֪ԸԸ⡣
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ҶƬ̣Ż˵һԪǵĵطﵽĿǰû뼸λͣڳͣһģ
ð죬λѣǻ򵥣һаϣԪҪǳʲô⣬ҹ־ΨʣһֻЩ飬һظ֤ҶһЩ飬治һ쵽
ҶƬ̣صԪϣһЩʱ֪
ȻģһǼλڸϣÿľԲʵҲԲʣ
˾ˣҶЦҸմʦľõһЩһݱ͸ֵܺˣ
֮ǰ֪ҶѾľΪͽˣľ֣ҵزһ£ҵѽԭҶѾľĵˣ
ҲǣѾ˵ˣҶߵʱյ֮޽еţ
ʱյ֮ѾлǿˣߵǻϵΨҶ𰡣ľҶΪͽҲ֮УƳΪĵӶû⣬ⲻѾססܽʥˣ
ϵ˵ʶҶʱ۶ֱˣôֵĴȣϽ˵
ϵʥȻֻһܣλ𣬵ϾʥµģȨ൱ģ˵鼰ʹλǷǳ򵥵ģλҲǲԣ۷弶ľЩˡ
ҶһЩݸԼæƴ˻ȥθҵΪҹֵܷǣҵңôճҹֵܵĶ
ҶҲ֣˻ʵ֪ʥ£
Ҷⷬѯʣɫһ񣬹ػصҸʥãһСܡ
ǡ
ԶϽ
ɣȥʦ˵һ˵ܲܰһ£ܲܳҾͲˡҶЦЦ
ϲɫǵҶ仰
ҹֵܷģܲܳɣҹֵңҶȻǣͲҶͷˡ
ȻǸСССĺôһЩֵ顣
ʨүҶЩǵصҶСӣԪǽף
ˣǰǶôҳǲܵġһôǿƵʱǾԲҷġֻҪǱǿƣ¶ᾡľҪȥҵĻ˴̽Ԫǵܣȴûʲô⣬ΪûҶ΢΢һЦ
Щӵ⣬ʨүҲȥ룬Ҷ˵ûûˡ
Ҷңǿգӹһ˿˼֪˿̣ԪϵЩôˡ


866 
һʱҶʣʱյ֮ûκνչÿҪȥ׽صʱʧ
ҶҲ꣬ףʱյ֮ԲôģҲһֱΪ֪ˡ
Ҷʨүջһ·ͻͽѾʱյ֮
磬ѾԳˡ
ʨүԥ˰֮󣬾Ҷһߵʱյ֮˵
ҶҲʨүǷܹߵʱյ֮ʨүĻޣҶһʱܳʨүѾҶı˺ܶࡣ
ʨүߵʱյ֮ӦҲǲܵġ
οʨүʱյ֮ûãżٳûͻƣٳѪʥҲ١
ʥԺУҶš
ٴγ˵֮С
Ҷڵĵ磬ѾޱȺƴȫ߼ˡ
ڣſž޴Ĺ켣ţתΧһĿʱյ֮
ſ壬Щʱյ֮ɢŵɫϼ⣬
Ҷʱյ֮ȫط
أҶֽص״̬УԼһʱյƣںһ
ʱյ֮֮䣬Ҷٴθоضǿ
һֹůһ䡣
ʱʱ֣Ѳ׽ȥ׽Ļͻʧ
ҶβûпȥӦͲ׽ǳ׵ط񣬾سʱյ֮С
ʱ仺ʣصʱյ֮ƺҪɹ򣬻Ҫܳһʱ䡣
Ҷʱɫʱյ֮ϵش˷۶һ㣬Ҷܡ
ҶղصԻñҲʱطްĹâΧɫʱյ֮
ʱʱŵ÷ɿ졣
Ҷÿնҵֹܿ¡
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Ҷֿħתľ
ľյħ֮ϲ֣һޱңȥǻʥؽǱ
ܹյҶĵӣʵѣҶ츳׿ߵʱյ֮ҾȻܸ㵽ħֶ
Ҫ֪Ϊ޷Ūһħ񽢡
ȻҪҶħ񽢣˸Ҷ˺ܶҩԼϧԭϻǧּǳ衣
ľѽǳͲڻ£ǿðյʱһЩǳ֮ʯɵ壬ֱѽܻ֮üʮǼֵǳ衣õǳ֮ʯҪڶ㣡
ǧۻһǿߵĲƸǷǳֲģ޷
ֻҪܹõĶǼУ򲻵Ķû취ˡħ񽢣ħѪɫرϡУǵߣǷǳϡˡ
ǳ֮ʯǳġǳ֮ĶѪɫȴǷǳֵǮΪѪɫǳ֮ʯǳġǳʵ̫ˣǵĺܶ೬ƷǿЩġ
ƫƫѪɫ֮ǻġ
ѪɫǱ䵽ħָҸ󳬼ÿҪϹ֮ʥĲƸħҲϹ嵥֮Уӵħ񽢵ģҲһ˶ѡ
ܹӵһħ񽢣Ҳһֵҫ顣
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Ҷ֪ǣʱƣԪѾ뿪ʱȻͬˡ
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ҶٲȻѾΪһӴҵңǵҵף졣
ԪΧļûǻϣиλˣЩλȻϵġ
ԭϵȻеʵȨҲֻһСܶѣҶľǰ˵˼仰֮ϵȨλֱףһԾΪܹ֮һҶ飬ϵҲģ
Ҫ֪ҶѾߵʱյ֮ͶҶ͵Ͷһδĳǿߣǹϵ顣ϵŵǿġ
ΪԪǵҶĶСıҲĿࡣ
ΪС죬ҶҲϧѾʣѪɫǱ£˸ĵرСÿǳŸĵرģסĵطҲ˸ҩŨûϴˮҲǳҩƵġ
С챾츳ѾǼΪ׿ˣټϴҩĸһ㣬ѾչֳȻ˻öʥӵʥ壬Ѿһأ
ÿһʱ䣬Ϧʱ򣬾ͻһλصĻ̵֣߳С
ҶԭλĴ澯裬ܿǾͷ֣ǵΪλǰ΢λ߶СƺҲ޶⣬ҲĬˡ
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ҲǣҶǶǴ֮ˣôõԴԪǾӪ˳̶ȣҲȻ
ǵħͣԪǵĸۿϣǾ޴սΧЩĿǶ̾ѡ
Ҷ˵Ҫʮħ񽢣̨˸ѪɫǱߵ´Ϣʼ׼ˡ
ôˣҶս첻ĵѯʨү
һԵ̨籡YҲһеؿʨүҪ֪ҶϢ
סС̨籵ĻؽһСͼˣȻҶ뿪ôãȻǵԼĸס
ҶСӺأѾߵʱյ֮ľĵӣʨүЦصҪǰС죬Ȼ̨ˣʨүɫ䣬Ȼ㣡
̨һ۵߾Ϣ׾˺Ĵڣʨү֮ǰûע⵽ˣʱʨүϵɫǴδйľ塣
Ϊʶߣ
ʨүôǣǱһץӡӡ棬һӡ꣡
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ǴҶص¥ʱʨүûиȥЩҶҲߵĻûи߱ˡʨүŻ𾪡
ƺûʨүĻһ㣬ֻǾվû˵


867 
ƽʱ첻µزµʨүһ߾ųӣ̨籡Ҷս˶ʮֲ죬ʨүʶߣ
ǻû˵˼̨籶ʨүλǰ̵Сģʨүʶλǰ
̵Сʨү㶣ؿߣΪʲô̵С
ʨүȻ뵽Ҷᵽص¥һλΪߣʱû⣬룬ѵԼӡӡĻߣ
ҶӦ߲Աص¥飬ʱûиʨү˵ֻǼ򵥵һ䣬Ҳûи߹̨ˣ˶֪ߵ
ʨүʱ뵽ҶĻ̵С죬ѵǸҶйأ
ȻҶ֪ߵĴڣҲûʲôģӦòẦСġ
߳Լ˹ʨүܵԴٺҲ²⡣
ߣԲܹģ˵𶼲ߵĶ֣
лڳʨүٸлڡ
ʨү֪λǰʲǫ̂籴ʨүʵ
Ҳʨү֧֧˼䣬Ӧ˹ȥ˵κιڻߵܡ
ʨүӣ̨籱ûʣȻܹǱĽ̵СѧӦòʲôˣʲôҪ
ֿվʨүԱߣؿŻߣȻоߵһ˿Ϣûվһһ
߾ôվ·ѾΪһ塣
ָܲκϢˣµģ
ֿаĪߣһǿĸֲɣ
һʱ򣬲ûмߣû뵽λԪһ˸֡
λ򵽶ʮħ񽢣͵ûȥʨүϽ˵ԻΨֱ֮
ʱһֱԲĻߺȻˣֻ㣬ʨү㲻ܿƵس߷˹ȥ
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ʨү˿ŵӣֿգһӵʥ塢ʱյ֮ģﶼ޷֮Ҿ㣿ô㰡
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ʨүŵøεڲȣȴûɵʹ飬Լʨúʧܡ
ʨүɵ˻ߵǰֻɫƽϿٵؽӡһޱȵĵӡʨүȥ
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ڻǰʨүһУȫһεģô棡ôƴҲӲߵģ
ʲôҲû˵һӡʨү壬Ȼһ֮жһöҩһʨүĿС
ʨүʹУͻȻһöҩʶһ£ࡱһȥˡ
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ϹҳʲôʨүͣסŻǲôŻҩѸٵؽʨүĸС
ʱʨүͻȻоһӸɢߵӡĴƺøǿˣǹ֮£ʵѸٵš
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ߵ˭Ȼͨ쳹֮ܣ
ʱֿŷ֣Լµ͹ߣߵʵ֮ϣ
ԽĴڡ
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ҰӡӡУڣлʥǰҪúðգߵʨү쳣
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ֿʱоЩӡںϽڵ֮Уڵӡ֮ƺ̺Ŵ֮ʵ˲䱩ʱյ֮ӿţأо˵ĵ͵ʱյ֮
ֿĳȣ֣ˣһֱ޷Ӧغ͵ʱյ֮ߣ׾ٵΪͻƣ
⾿һʲôǿڣ
˶ĪֵʱǻߺȻ̧ͷ˹ȥ
мԪǣ۷塣ߵһ˵Ĺâܿ͸գתͷ̨ǫصĸʾ£δã
ǰ߳˽̵С죬һֱûп˵һ˵Ѱ̨籡Ҷս졢ʨүֿڵȫˡ
߾Ȼƺ̨Ϊĸ
ֿЩţǲԼˣ˾㵵ı飬֪Լû
ѵѵ߾Ҷˣ
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˿̨̾Ҳе𾪣ǰ̵߽Сʱٿ˵̨类ǵһôƺ߾ʲôҶôʶģΪʲôԳˣ


868 
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ܸ߽Ӵ̨࣬类Ҷս죬֪Ϊɲ⣬һˣҶˣ
ǸоԼԴѾЩˣôҲ벻ԭ
ʨүƬ̣Ȼ飬˹˵ʥԭҶ
ѵҶĳλǿת
⡭ǣűˣ
û뵽û뵽ҶСӾȻôͷλһҪҶĴȰ
ҶߣҲҶˣ
ʨүȻоǣ϶˼̲֮סͷͦأ˶ϵëپޱȡ
ʨүڳļ˶ߵĻôסˣʼɫƽ̨籣ƺڵȴ̨籵Ļظ
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֪۷ǿΪλȻԪǣ֮ǰԪȻչüѸ٣һֱûǿǰħ壬Ԫһֱʮ̫ƽ֪۷ǵѡ
ȷǶԪûж⣬жĻͰǸ߰ɣ̨Ͼ۷ǿߣɱˣһһЩ鷳Ͳˡ
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ĸʴȣߵƺ۷ߣ˵Ǽɵ顣
Ļֲ֮˴ʴȣѵڻ߿һҪϾɱľٶ
˵ͷӣΪʲôڲų֣֮ǰҶΣյʱô֣ʨүСֹһ֪߲ὫԼٴηӡУ㲻ô»ˣǲ̫
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ߵĻʨүˣҲ˵Ҷ˻ҲܵģΪ飬ʨү޷޵һ䣺⹷ƨˣ
߸ֶ񷣬·ܵ˿Ӱ죬ԪϿպȻӿŽ֮·ǧڣɱĳȡ
Ϸ·һƬֺսŭɱ
˶ҡҷ
Ҷս˸оԼ˿̺ս֮УѪڡ
ɱ֮ת˲ţԪǵϿָƽû˵ע⡣
Ҷս졢ֿŻȻѣߵĿǳ˾η
˿̣ҶؼԶһСɽϣһӰһӶ
ӰֻԲֹͨ徧Өۣʮֿɰֻ˵ĻȴЩ
ߺߣĴתʲôʥǰҿǷһӣһ߷ţһҡཱུƨɣβ͵ؾһ
ǸҶйνֵֻ˿ΪѾսʮˡ
֮ǰ޳ٵʱûнԪ½֪ζǳѵġ
ǸӦʲôȥķһۣ¶һ˿ζЦݡ
ԪȻƲֻۣлĴ֪ԪǵشԪ֮λ˽֮
ҪǻһЩֶԪǵˣԪǿͱЩǿ߷ˡ
ֻǣһЩǿ߻Ƿѡתֻǡ
ʥʲôĹϵҲ޷Ʋ⣬ЩʹȻָ߲档
ʱԪϿյһСϣӰ
˵Уһ˺ȻԨ档
±˳棬õˮ©ѶɣɱˣԨ
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ԨҡҡͷȴУСӱϾľĵӣֻʧһЩǮƣľǲģɱСӵˣִһľܹľ׷𣿡
ԨĿްؿǰǿտԪǡ
ȽϲĵӣҶԨȻŭȴ൱ƵģһûʲôԲԸġ
Ҷߵʱյ֮δ϶ܹǿҲҶԪʵ̫ˣҶ֮ǰǮƾԲᱻ˷֣ȹһ꣬ȥˣ˭ǵã
۷ǿ룬Ҳô¡
ԪҪǱˣľǲģʧһǮƶѣͶľݣԪǱˣľͲòˣͽ˱ˣľǻ棬ĸ飡
۷ǿ߶ǻԾɱǿմܹڣҲЩǣЩǲá
Ȼˣɱ˱ǣǶְɣ
ǵ͸գԪȥ
ԪǷͻ䣬ͻȻ谵
޴ķ֮УĿһޡ
ʲô飿
ЩԪǿеı仯һɫ䡣
ռ䱻ˣ
¥޷ռ䴩󣡡
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뵽ǿµĺ˶ɫҰף亹ֱ¡
мҲȻѾλλˣ۷弶ǿߣһǻȫ
ԪǶʱһţܶԸĿǶȻԪһħԸ۷ǿƺе㲻ãǲصصȥ۷ǿ߻һɨҲҵǣ
ô죿ô죿
˶ûͷӬһתܶ˶֣֪ͲԪˣ
Ҷ֮Уһۡ
⼸۷˵Ҫʲô
֮Ǽ޴ķ࣬ҶսжмǣʵܹԸ֮ǿߣ
һԸˣ鷳ʹˡ
ҶսΪȻúܿ죬𻹺Զǲ֪֮ÿǿߵʲôͨ
ܹ֮˾޴ķ࣬ǿѾӵͨ쳹ĳܴˡ
Ƚ϶ԣ̨ǱȽϵģȻŻߵлһЩĵġ
ֻʨүֿ̩ɽȻǲ֪ߵʵΣҲףҪɵ۷ǿߣǺˮһ򵥡
ʨү̧ͷ֮Ǽ࣬Ȼ۷ϣҲԪţֱǻζˣʨүɳһ£ǣ
ʨүһԱ߾ľߣĻҲֻܷڶ룬ǲ˵ġ


869 ̫ͷ϶
ԪǸϣػļλͷƤֱ顣
ϵԶǹԪǵİȫΪԪǿһЩλλ֮û뵽һ۷塣
۷ĽǼֱ
ǣԶڿõܹ֮һȨܴҪʱˣʱǶӸϵ
λǰõһ£ػԪǣ뼸λǰ飡һλӲͷƤλ۷ǿߵֻܼϣ⼸ǿܹɵһˡ
ǲɱˣ£ʶĻһȥһ۷ǿŭһ
ǸõĹ۷ǿߵĻϽ˻Ц۷ǿһŭ˲ܰǸɵ
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۷ǿУһ״Ϊףëŭţͨ죬Ǻëһ㣬ݼ쳣һҶ׹¶ѪϢ
лǸɱǿմ
кܶǿմʱᱻˡǹȳΧˣúһڸ涼кߣһ棬ʵҲǿߵеĩ
ãǹԹǮƶӿԱ֤ɱˣ˵ҷɱ⣡ΪӻĴɱӻ಻ʤ׺ԪǵϿƮ
ЩӸطǰԪǵĿ仰ȫһֻҪɱˣʲô˵ʧһЩƻǻǿԳܵġ
ɱǣǽһæ̬׷׼еĲƻȥˡ
ʱһͳ˻ƵԪϴ˳ȥ
ǼȥԲǼƽϣȻǾͲҪˣ˵Ļȴ˵Է˯һ⣬ƽƺȫû۷
仰һ£ŭЦǧ꣬û˸Ҹ˵ߣССԪǣ˲ʶ̧٣ãܺã
ԨϣԭϾɱֻ˲ƻߣû뵽˲ʶ࣬Ƶͷ
úýѵһԺҲˣ
ЩԸĿɫٴαò԰ףòҪѪ
˭ô۰
Щ׼ļһﶼѾɱˣǻ
ѵǵձˣǶֲſ
һǶ֣Ԫǵһѣ
˭ڿڳԣѵ֪Է۷ǿ
ԼҪҲҪǰ
ݺ漸꣬û˸Ҹô˵ߵƺһ˿ŭ⣬Ȼù֣⻢
Цǿûˣ𼶵ǿߣҲѣͷȻ˵Ѿݺ漸ˣ浱Ǵּĳ
һѪܻ۷弶飬£ҲҪ
˭Ҳ֪˶ãм꣬ǻĹѾ֪٣˭ܻڣ
Ϊ˭ǰװ⣡ŭһǻСһˣԪǣ
֪СҡҡͷƺЩΣһ̾ϢȻִԲֻˡ
΢΢һԶһʯշѸٵػһӵӡ£ȻƤҲû̧һ£ָֻ΢ӡ±۾һ㣬޴༫ٷ˹ȥ
һĻʨүظо䣬æ˶ëǺɢ龰Ϥˣ뵱꣬ǱôַӡӡУ
ӡһʯ仯ɵģȴӡ֮ã
ʨүֱͷ˵ԼѾݺ漸ˣ֪Ǽ٣²Ӧòм٣
һϹŶĿֲڣҶūͣ
ըˣʨү̲סĳȡ
ЩԸĿǼ˻Ҹ죬һֱţǻζˣ˵ҳɵˣ
ʱֻһӡ¾ֱ֮۷ǿߵķ˹ȥ
ССһӡ£ٷ֮£ȴһı죬ȼɼٶж졣
ңöӡ¾ڲϵطŴգۼ䣬㽫޴ķ·
һƣⷽӡºȥ
䣡
ƾⷽӡϣӡϵ˿
ʲôһǿʵȻ޷ƿŹֵʯӡ
ʱ˷ȫ޷߶࣬ңԶСϵıҲȫ޷ˡ
ôˣԨԾؿŻˡ
ಣȫⷽʯӡ֮УʯӡŸ߿շȥһֱգСǷ
˿̣ʯӡѾ˸ߴǧ׵Ȼ
𾪿ֵش󺰵ʱѾ֪Լǵ˲ǵĴڡ
˽ԭزܶԨ溧ȻʧɫȥɳСǡ
䣡ʯӡѴ֮ؽС顣
ಣ˲ҽűʯӡ֮С
Ƭ֮ʯӡԪǷ˻ȥ
ֻһʯӡ˲Ϣ֮۷ǿߡ
һﵽʲôˣ
ȻԨǼܶˣһĻҲðһĿ־ĵð
һ·ԺԪǷ͸һ³
һ羪һ㣬ԨĶ
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߸ղ˵Ǿ仰ݺ˼ꡣ
ģԼʱ䣬Էͷ
Ԩһֱ˵öģԪǾȻôǿһܣ
ԨɫͿ˼ͷһܵûӰˡ
ǷʯӡɻԪǣԽԽСձĴָСھߵߣֽ̧ⷽʯӡ
۷弶𣬾Ȼȫһʯӡˣ
𺳣ޱȵ𺳣
ЩĿǣһȫɵðز
ǿ۷弶ǿߣ
ĿУ۷弶ǿѾǽ޵еĴˡ
ղЩҪѾ߸ɵ˺޲Գˡ
ΧϵĸλҲɵۣԪϣȻôһǿߣֱ켶ĴڰǾҲ˵Ķ֣
ǿ
Ȼվֱ壬첻κξٶҲС
߿һеʯӡöʯӡӡӡСһ£̬һģһ˵Ǽ̫أӡоһʱ䣬ĥϵɷһԵ


870 ̨
ߵĻʨү˵ӡʱ龰Ҳ˵һʱ䡱һġ;꣡
һβ׵°Ľ
ÿÿʨүжһֵˡ
ڿžһССǷħӡʨүΪ۷ǿĬ
˿̨̣ԼһҶˣжһ֮飬Ȼ֪ߺǿҲѾظ߹ˣû뵽ǻǵ͹û뵽߾Ȼǿĳ̶ȣ֮ͷӡ۷弶ǿߣ
̨Ȼָƽߵлǰ֣ԪǵΣѡǰõʯӡҺڷ￴
ǷħӡĸѧҿԽӡ̸֮ĸ⣬ﻹƪֱ;֮ߵصݸ̨ż
Ƿħӡ
һصĳѧ
ǾͶлǰˣ̨ǫصȻԳˣ̨ҲǿͿġ
һƪʺ壬̨类ǋY
ֿҲǰβŻعһǴ۽ˣ侹ǿߴڡ
ԪǣԽˡ
ֿûҪȥ̽Ѱʲô֪飬ǲ֪Ϊá
Ԫǵȴ֮ʨүֿõ˶ʮöװħ񽢵֮䣬̨ԼһҶ˸֮ٴγħ񽢷ʥء
ʥء
ľǧһԺƷ裬һе۵
ʱһ˴Ҵҵ˽
λǰˣ
˵Ļλ΢΢ɫ䣬޵ϳһ£ȻǿߣҪĻҲȻλĸʵͬС
ǵȥһˣȻ
ľǧҲ˵ͷЩǣâ¶һĸַͲˣڳԴеһ
ǧٻ̤񽢣Ҿ޴Ľƾճ֡
׼̤񽢣ȴľһһħƾճ֣̤񽢼õߣħ񽢵Ľ̤񽢵ࡣ
ľǧ΢΢һЦλ𣬵ǵ̤񽢿Ҫʮ죬λҪ̤أǳħ񽢣
ľе㲻ͷʱȴ̲סǳ˳飬ľ˾ٷǳҫ
ħ񽢣֮õĶ
֪ľŪħ񽢣ǧ̾һȻһЦ¶Ǿ޵ЦݵȻˣǾľˡ
˵ţǧ̤ʩʩȻؽħ֮С
ľϹһĨĵ֮ɫأ
ľ飬Щգһħ񽢶ѣʲôɵģ
̧ͷһۣħڵĽϣַӡһ˵Ļֺ
һأԼ̤񽢱ɣôҲʲ
Ǻãټľûж˵ʲôƮȻħ񽢣֮ʱľ΢ЦǾһˣ
ŭغһתͷ̤񽢣ಡһ̤񽢱ħп֮зȥ
ľǧ𲻽ҡͷʧЦСԽԽȥˣȻ
̤Ѿɳһξ룬ľŻħ񽢡
ಣ
ħ񽢻һ⣬޷׽ٶȣ̤Ա߲ʧյľͷ
ħΧתʱյ̤֮Ʒȥ̤񽢵Ľħްȣʵ̫ˡ
ɫ࣬ǿס߶̤񽢼ӿٶ׷ϣħѾȥʧյľͷҲ׷ϲˡ
գζըˣ
ˣľҸû֮꣡һƵŭǲɽΪһ
ʥǡ
˾ͽϵ˾ۼʥ֮УīФҲڣҶܹʮˡ
Ҷʦܣʦ˵һǰĹ̨˵˾ͽ϶Ҷ˵
̨Ҷ΢֪һʲôĵطڴ꣬Ҷȥˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦСѸǣԵ쳣ɰ͵̨ǿĵطǿߣиģǻĹ飬ڹֵ̨ƣܹΪһ̨סڶǿߵľأ̨ǾԲ򶷵ĵطԲʲôΣա
õģȥ̨ҲУҶͷ
Ҷħ񽢱ʨүֿˣ˶˾ͽϵ̤񽢡˾ͽϵ̤񽢱ľҪһЩҲǷǳõһˡ
̤񽢿ʥأǿ֮ѸٴС
˾ͽϿҶ˹̨ʲô飬ҶʦҪͣ϶кܶţһЩȺǿģ
˾ͽɼǰƵ顣
кܶ򣬰޾Ǻʥ鷨صȵȣڶǵһ壬ǲȺǰӴȴűǿƼһ˲ǡ
ˣҶü΢΢ףȺ֮ĹϵǢ
ʮ̤񽢻ͣ˹̨ıԵ
̨һ֮еľ޴̨߼ףʮף̨ԶһƬ֮еĽȺϸȥһӴޱȵķĹб֡
Ĺó󣬾ô֮Уû֧ŵ㣬һƬĹ½أƬƬıӲͷԽԽŨŨ֮УżѪӿ˹ֲϢ
ŨУʱʱһ˫˫ĵ֣ԼܹһЩŹֵһ
˵Щ飬ǴѪ;
ǻĹ飬һѪܻ
ȺǣλãǸϹָĵط
꣡
˵еĴһʲôĴڣ
̨ԶԶԿ֮һʯ沼˸ġ
Щʮָӣɷ裬һ˵İȻ
ҶԼԶôһ䣺´ܴ֮ʿΪѳɶ棡
ɶ棡Ҷ૵ظһ飬вɵòһֱ׳֮С
ûƽյĿɰЦݣؿһ۴Ĺ峺һ˿֮ɫ
Ҷƺʲôһۣһ˿֮ɫѸٵȥˡ
Ī֮䣬ĳЩΪ֪ĹϵǿʯϵּƺмϤĸо
ҶȻּص¥֣ͬһд


871 ǿ
ʯϵģҶͷ
֮ǰһֱΪص¥ԪǰдڿӦòǣԪǰֻĸѡ
ʯϵǳ˭֣֮
˸Ǻιϵ
ص¥ʲôϵѵص¥дĵƶɣ
أûиǰҶҲ޷ҵ𰸡
Ӧˣҵ˺͵ص¥йصһ˿
Ҷʦܣ߰ɡ˾ͽϼҶʯ첻ɳѵ
ŶõġҶع̨ȥ
̨ޱȣȫһʯɣʯһԵɺ֮ӡʯվʯϣܹ׽Ըмİ
ټĹ̨һ̨һ̨̳¶ϣ㴦һƽ̨Ӱ̧ͷǿա
ʱǿ֮ϣȺҫһƬƺ̺İ
ȺǣҶڵľǾǲת
ͼ·һƪĪĹ
ֲôǿǰ̨˵عȻͬ죡
һ·Ź̨ȥ;˺ܶǿߣһЩȫ
Ӵ֯һ壬飬ڶǿߡ
״һŰʱû̬İһ塣
״̬ıϷһ塣
ָҶ۽硣
ЩǿȻ඼ű̬նܻΡ
˵Уֱ֫ߵȵ̬ǻ꣬ǰ̬ࡣ
һ֯һǿߺҶ˲Ҷ֮¶ı֮ɫ
ǸǿߵҶ΢΢üͷ֯һ飬ȷʵǱû
һ·ȥ鿴Ҷˣһֲм֮Ϊı顣
Ҷͷһ֮ǰ˾ͽϾѹҲ׼֪ĹϵǢڿǲǢô򵥣
Ҷ˾ͽϵô£
ĵһȴֱտڲԡ
˾ͽΪ̾Ϣһи嶼Լ淨һЩĿУӵ壬ǻĸӹ
֮ʥ֮Ȼǻ꣬ӵһȨλ࣬ȫǻū͡ȻһЩǿߣﵽ۷徳磬Щڶࡢ嶼гԽ۷Ĵڣǻӻ˵Ѿˣ
ҶЩˣǿΪΪǻĸӹĵҪõǵǲܵģ
࣬ӵߵȵ̬ȴ֮һ
Ҷüͷ壬Ե÷ǳ졣
̨ҶʦܻͣڶԴ磬ǲµġ˾ͽ̾һ
ǰһ𣿡ҶʵЩȻ࣬ΪλΪĴأ
ǻĹ࣬˵ҫڴһ̣ѾˣΪ࣬ѾһȺūǻԿħӣ˾ͽҧ˵г˷ͳȵս⡣
ֳܹԽ۷ǿߣǾ˱ˣ
༸ӣФڣҲ߲ѣеսⲢûΪõͶ٣ԽԽŨ
ǶеľӢ
ǵѪУ岻֮Ѫ
ۣʱһϯ֮أ
Ҷ˼ǧ߶˵ĻڲЩס
Ȼڸļз棬еһЩӢһֱûֹͣ̽ѰĽŲһֱ̽δ
еһԼŷѡеһͶħҪħʵĸˡ
ַУҶԸѡһ֡ûһ˽ذһ壬ħģֻѣħӮˣȻǱū۵Ķ
ΨǿԽ۷壬ܹ㣡
Ҷ뵽˵ص¥ǸӴޱȵĲֿ⣬ˣЩΪ׼
Ҷ֪ص¥Ϊʲôѡ⡣
Ҷǿգ˼Զһ̿ʼľ˼ĸı䡣
̨࣬ΪЩ׼ģǲӦһϷһ鿴˾ͽϵ˵סȥ·м
һֻȴֻһ㣬θߴôߣӸµظ˾ͽϵˣг˱ġ
ֻϷֻһλѣȴ۷˾ͽǰš
Ҷüëһһǿҵս͸
ҶҪ£˾ͽæҶ
ȻҲֻţȻΣ
Ŀǰ˵ڶ壬ܻѡѾǻıӻδĵ·Ȼǳٶǿˡ
ҶǰֻϷߵʱյ֮һɺȻӿ
ߵʱյֻ֮ϷһĻ֣˸һ£Ƭ֮󣬻˵ԱߣĬĬ뿪ˡ
Ȼǵܹ࣬ߵʱյ֮δҲضһǿߡ
УǿΪΪһС¶ǿУԲǵұϷһȻǵڶ壬ȴǵڶбȽСģֻϷŻѡߡ
һĻ˾ͽϡФֵȫסˣû뵽ǸϷһǿ߾Ȼѡˡ
̲סѪȻֻһС£Ѿ͵̫ˣ
ΪľӢﱻ˱ӣȴֻܹΪѳĻᣬǻԥȥ֮ǰ¸ѣһֱѡ̡
ǣҶȴһַʽǣһζǵò𾴵ġ
Ф֣˾ͽϣǶվҶܣҶһЩ
ǶΪҫսҪһǡ
ҶľٶӮЩ徫Ӣģ
̨̨ϣһ̨ͨߴЩ̨ϣĸ飬Ƕǿգʲô
̨׵ľͷߴһԲʮ׵ƽֻ̨ȼӰԵ൱տ⼸϶͸һµƣһǾӢеľӢ
ߴƽ̨ǹ̨ѵλãֻ츳ǿΪǿˣʸ
ȻǸλãȴûеȥԸ·̨ϡ
Щ̨Ҳͨʸȥģһ壬ֻƽϡ
֯һ塢ϷһЩƵĵڶ壬Ҳֻǿ̨ĵײ̨϶ѡ
̨Ķˣֻǰļǿʸ
˵̨λ򣬱ܿǿ
ҲȫطӦʵϾһֻλڵ۷弶Ļ̨


872 
ҸλʦܡʦҸλðɡ˾ͽϳԶĸ̨һۣеĿȻڸ̨ƽѰһŵ㡣
۷ѾҪڹ̨ˣǵ꣬ڹ̨˶ۣٱģֻԼ
ٴΣ뾾Щ˵Ĳŭ𣬵ǶٴΣ
ԸһΪսΪƴսϣȻٶĿҲҪʡ
ФֶеĬʵڲԸ̨ΪΪгʹ࣬ǻӲͷƤ
˾ͽʦֲΪˣȥ濴һҶ̧ͷԶĸ̨Ǳȥ
Ҷ˾ͽһ˿ɫҪסҶ
ҶȻһһǰĸ̨ȥ
˾ͽϡФ㶵ؿҶıӰȻҶʵʱܳǣǴ˿̣ҶıӰøΰ
Ҷʦ֣Ҹһȥȥ
漴ФҲȥ˾ͽ룬ҲȥʣǼ״ǣҲϡ
࣬Ѿǧû˸̨̤ˣ
Ҷһʮ̨ʱ򣬸Ŀ⣬ȫۼҶ˵ϡ
ǵĿв죬ĪгĮӡ
̨̨ˣһ·ֱ̨ͨϷ
ߴǼǿ߶õġ
Ϊ࣬Ҷǧһ̨̤׵ˣ
˾ͽϵ쳣ǻҪӿҪһǻ൱ƵסˣΪΧĸ̫ˣǲ֪ʲô
ǽʲôǶֵˣ̨ܹ̤ףǰδеҫˣҫ
Сӣʶľ͹طҲ̤𣿡һһĸλһˣ˫ĿԲصҶ
ҶɨһǸһǿߣ۵֮оǺâɨ
Ҷǵ⣬Ǹһǿһ£͸һ˿⣬û˵
ൽʲôˣ࣬ĵӣǵļµĺʲô
Ǹһǿ룬ô˶û˵ʲôֺαͷأһȻǵڶ壬ȴҲǴǣûҪֵ̫⼸ټϣȻͻ˳ѵˣ
̨̨飬ٸ壬ǿߣעҶˣҶһһ̨̤ף˸̨Ϸ
֪࣡
ǵ̤ߴǿ϶ܲң
ڶ鵱УЩ˲ֻǿף̨浽һЩʲôĴڣЩ̤ϸ̨϶ڵģ
Ҳֻʵʵ̨ϣΪ࣬ȻҲ̨ף
һ·ʰϣǧ˾ͽϵԽԽԥȥ˵ԳܵĴ鷳
̨ҵط£η˵ĻΪЦΪһǱֳη̨ЩĿƵĸǿߣһΪǺӡ
ФЩǿǵע£Ҳһ飬ףȻѾ·ˡ
̨ԶѾ˸飬ǵλãҪ£ͱһߣìܳͻԱ⡣
ҶһһȲϣûһ˿ͣԥжӿһ˿ҶӵһôǿģôǿߵעӣҶȻη
Ҷ˿̵ļΪƽһǧ༶̨ף˵һֻҪ̨׵Ҹλ£ߵΪᱻ˸̨ףҪģһ·ǰߣߵ棡ﵽ˶޷󼰵۷壡Щ˲Żη㡢㣡
ңѡ
Ҷ˾̨ԽԽǼڸ̨ϵڽĿǿ˻ĿؿҶˡ
ܵǼ˵Ŀ⣬˾ͽϵ̲סһ⼸Ŀ̫ϬˣҶȻ̩ɽؼߣǺܿʱǾԲ
Ҷ̤һ̨׵ʱǸ̨һ鿪ˡ
࣬㿼𣿡ĮϣҶĿгɱ⡣ƣͨȼųȵĻ棬Ҷûϸ̨ܸоһ
һ壡һǿߡ
˵Уϵֱǳ۵սһҪǿһЩȺӴ̶ȣһȫûñȡһ˱鲼棬ǿƣǻ಻ǡ
Ҷһûлش𣬱̤һ̨ףվ˸̨֮ϣ
վڸ̨ϣҰȻõģҶǰȥֻټһƽ̨ϣȴֻ飬Եؿͬ壬֮μ£Ѿȷػ˵̡
ıһ壬һղ˵Ϊߵģڤ͡
ڤѾڹ̨ʮ꣬ϾҪ۷ˣһǿϵĻ涼ǵɫģϵĻѾﵽϺɫһž޵ţĻδضһǿĴڣ
ʱڤͫΣյضҶɫüΪѿû˸Ļ˻һ࣡УǰѾǸˡ
ߣ뿪̨󣬿λڤߡ
Ҷȴûڤһۣǿһ塣
ֻһǿߣͨһտĻһƮɢǿȻֻλ𣬵˾ͽϣҲĶ֡
ĺ֮ǿߣ
ĺ֮Ǵ˵ˮĺᣬס޾ǺǵڶзǳǿĴڣȻϡ٣ʵǿ֮ĳЩһҲѷɫ
Ҷû뵽ĺ֮һǿߣֻ֪ĺ֮ڳɳʲô̶ˡ
ڻе˫һ£ɨҶһֽۣĿתǿգ಻Ҫǵɣĵ̣ģ
Ҷֿ̨һߣ飬Խһ塣
һҲֱߣǵ͸ôһЩƣȫŽɫƬһ߶ϣϳһ׳˫
һ˵壬һӵ񼶵ʵϵҲ;ƽأǧ֮ڣܴﵽľ硣
Ҳǹƽģ嵽һܹ֮е㲻ͬһģҲֻܻһǧꡣ
УԽһǿǶûн壬ʵǻһȴǲ̫Զˡ
ˣУҲǾǿƵĴڣ
ռƬ̨ѾˣͲ
ǽ죬ҶһˣȻ̤ƽ̨ߵʷǰ飡
ռһ̣ҶҪٳһطضҪеһ
Ҫ
ǿ߶ǲģ


873 һ
̨ϣ鶼ڹעҶˡ
ܶЦ⼸಻֪Ҵϸ̨ôĶ֪
ȫԹۣſҶ˱̨ϵ
̨ϣĺ֮һļһͽһǿ߶ҶˣĿ¶⡣
ܵЩǿߵĿ⣬˾ͽϵԳ֮ɫ
Ҷʦ֣ҪǻǻȥɣСشĴд˵ǣ壬ǵһ˴֮֡
ȻˣôܾȥҶһЦеŲһǿ˹ȥ
һǿϸųҶ
Ҷʲôƽһ
Ҷľٶһǿ¶֮ɫĲˡҪ֪Ȼ̨ռһϯ֮أҲǽһ塣
ĺ֮һļɨһĻҲЩɻ󣬲֪ôġ
һǿУΪϸߵǸ࣬ݸ㣬ףʢĽɫȻȻܹչض쳣Ӵϸ羫ɣĽ
ڸ̨鵱УΪѹ顣
һЩܹͬʱյ֮ǴʼֻһһȴҪǿö࣡
ֻһɫʱյ֮תȴǹâʢһϲַ
ҶԼΡȻĿҶϣһ˿ްĹâһ
Ҷϣߵʱյ֮ת
ߵʱյ֮е˼΢΢̣µؿҶĿ֮Ȼ
ҶֱߵǰǸ󷽵Ľһǿ׹¶صҶ
Сӣ𣿹ԪĽһǿŭһһɺȻϢ͸ѹҶ
Ҳһλ
Ҷüëһߵʱյ֮ת͵ǹȻҶڻλĶ֣ͨλҪƾϢѹǲܵġ
Ҫ˵ҶĿϣ֮˵ȻǲҪˡ
ҽһǰҰζˣԪɫѿŭһҪ֡
һֻ֣Ԫѹ˻ȥ
˵ЩʲôȻҶ
Щڹ̨죬ҪһЩط¸ŲλãߣҶ˵
һѣ㵱ʲôԪŭЦȻǽһŲطǲ֪ߵغСӣ𣿡
ԪҪվѵѵҶ˻֣ˡ
ɢһɰƣҶѹȥһǽһŲطǵһҵʣ̨Ϲ壬ΪƫƫѡǸλã
Ϊǿ󣡡Ҷֱ࣬һһٵ˵
Ϊǿλãʲôɣ
ԪҶвţҶÿˡ
ӥҶҶ˫Ŀӡ
Ҷת·̲
ҲѷɫͫУų⣬·ܹ͸ġ
һѹֵء
˫϶ܵս⡣
Ҫˣ̨£һӿս鲻Խش˸
Ҳ뷨Щ鿴ҶĿһ˿֪࣬࣬Ϊ
һǿߺЦһҶ̤˸̨ŲλӸ治֪ǲǻζˡ
˾ͽϡФֵҲһѺҪ֪һսԽһǿƣԲҶ䣡
Ŀ⣬ɱȻǧڽս
սһ
̨ӿһɳȵս⡣
ս⽫Ҫٽ㣬緢ʱͻȻЦ̨鶼ˡ
Ҷ΢΢üЩĪؿ࣬ΪҪսһҲѾս׼ȴû뵽ͻȻЦ
࿴ҶǵһҸҽһô˵࣬ı壬ǽ죬岻һԪǲˣڵλûǿԵġ䣬ȴǶԪ˵ġ
ľԪ֣벻ͨΪʲôҪЩλãĻŵҶóһյء
ҶҲЩȣû뵽ô׾ˣܹоǸˬ֮ˣҶ˹ֵлˣ
Ҷ˾ͽϡФֵһƬյ
ĺ֮ļ򣬻һǿǶ֣ǲΪʲôҶóλã˾档
Ƕ˵ڽһ嵱УǸŹ֮ˣͨһ岻һˡ
˵λԪȻûʲôˣΪĸѾƽһ峤֮λǽһ
һڤ˿ֿ࣬˿Ҷ˼֮ǰжҶɱѾƽϢ
ȸ̨ϵļˣ̨ϵڶֱӾ°͡
ǶΪ⼸ˣǷ·תҶ˲û£ڸ̨
̫ˣǿҶĿʱһˣţʲô˶õģҶ²򵥣
λãҶûоʲô˾ͽϵˣȴþƽ
һΨһܹˣҲΨһλõˣ
ҶһΣһζֻ˸ӵؿҫǿԼȡģ
λøҶ֮󣬱ûٸҶ˵ʲôʼרעˡ
Ҷ֮󣬵һοʼƽϵǿա
Ⱥҫͼޱȣÿһǹλãƺ̺ĺ壬Ȼ֮
Ⱥǣǿŵĺڰ֮У̲ŵһ㿴΢Ĺʵǵ¶ܹκ˶
ڰԶֻԵġ
һ̣ҶһЩ
ǿգĸƽҶƺֽ֮ǰ״̬
ߵʱյ֮Уʱյ֮֡
һů㣬һڰ䡣
ʱյ֮ศɣˣ˴ڻһ
ϣʱյ֮Խͨʱյ֮Ǳͨʱյ֮ҪǿöĴڡ
ůʱյ֮Уʵ̺ޱȳȵܹڻһС
֮УƺգǺڰϺܹһС
ʱյ֮Ҷγɡ
ʱյ֮Ҷܲϵر仯ţ߲ʺ⣬Ҷݳеޱׯϡ
оΧʱյ֮ǿҵĲĿ⣬Ⱥ˻ҶϣҶʱ򶯾̫ˡ
ߵʱյ֮࣬ʵټ
ȻĿһ΢΢һ·𿴵ߵʱյ֮Уƺַ̺ǳǿΪһеЩļ¡


874 ɱ
һڵһ嵱У츳ٮٮߣܹ඼еļµ࣬ȴǴûй
Ϊһ࣬츳ǵԣҶΪ͡
뿴Ҷܹﵽʲôĳ̶ȡ
֮ҲйһЩǿߣʱԻ͡ҫʱǲǻƿؽԼǹռħƬĽгǧǿȺ
ǣվϡ
ȺնɱѪȾ˺ǿգҲǲ֪١
Ĵ˵Ϊǧž
ĻԻʱѾȥЩǣǻūۣȻ츳ǿһЩˣҲǻѹƣ֮ΪǿߣҲֻܱ۷徳磬޷һ
λһľǿںǿ֮۵Ǻε˳֮£
ǿȻ岻мǶļλȴޱľ۷֪λǿߣ֮ΪһĹǻҪݻٴ꣬Ҳǽһȼǿ壬
ҫ֮أ
ǣ
Ȼֻһ壬ЩȱĻԻͺҫǡ
峹׵طǻ꣬Ϊǻ꿪¾壬Ϊܡ
࿴ҶǸӣĿ֮У֮ɫ
ΪǻѹƣеǿߣҲֻʱյܹ֮ģ˵Ǳ֮ʥˣʵϾ󲿷ˣѾڰ·ϱնɱˡ
ЩֻнһһЩǿ֪
ߵʱյ֮ģǾ޽еĴڣδǰ;
֪һʱ䲻֪ΪΣ֮ʥȫʧˣܿѾܻɱˡ
һжһЩ롣
Ҷɵ̨²ΪҶô򵥣Ҳ壬λţ
ˣһδĽֽΣ˭Ԥϣ
ʱƣҶ״̬
ʱǿ֮еʱյ֮·ܵĳǣ˷Ҷ߻˹
ǧ˿Ƶʱյ֮Ϫ֮гϻۣ׳󣬽γ˽ӱӿ֮ơ
Щʱյ֮ǧӿ뺣Ҷĵ֮С
Ҷĵһ㣬̨Χʱյֱ֮ȡһա
ǽһԪԱߵĺ֮һǿǣȻɫؿҶڵķ
⾿һֶôֲ֮
Χʱյ֮ϱȡȥڵʱյ֮ɢƣҪǼǵΪǵܻ
Ҷĸйɵţʱͣʱݣ̽ȥʱյ֮ȴû³
˺ƣҶĵ﾿жôӴ󣬾ôʱյ֮
¡
ɽȻ෴Ҷڶײ·Ҫ֮±һ㡣
Ҷһ˿Ѫҧš
ĶԿ֮£粻ϵرøɵʱյ֮ҲԽԽࡣ
ߵʱյ֮Уʱյ֮ڻγˣ
һɫһɫֻ򽣬ͣ裬ڵγһ޴ͼ
һʱյ֮ů
һʱյ֮䣬
ʱҶѾȫ⣬ʱյ֮ߵʱյ֮ΪߵȣӽԴߵʱյ֮ʱյܻ֮ɵģ
ʣµʱյ֮ҶоԼΪ˲һΣһȫµľ磡
Ҷ۾ʱ֣һͼ»תš
˾ͽϡФ֡˾Īؿ
ԶǿĿҲۼҶϡ
ʲô֣࿴Ҷ֣صʵ
ҶҶɫ
Ҷܺã˵ͷû뵽Ȼܿߵʱյ֮Źֵ֮лĻдһ£࿴˿ҶڻǲˣҶʮضѣѾλˡ
ʱ㣡Ҷƽص
ʱԪҲظı˶ҶĿҶΪȻֻʮأȻʱյ֮ǲͣתͼ֪ʲôЩӡ˲򵥣츳׿ѹԸҶóλ
ǿǣҲҶ֣Ժ֮С
ǻصУǽһ廹һ塢ĺ֮һ۷ǿǣ֪Ҷ֡
عΪʱɿعȥ˼죬Ҷڵľŵʱյ֮Ѿȫڻͨ
ʮ磬ҶѾﵽͨ۷塣
ھʱյ֮֮£ҶղصԻñ飬ʱػûҫ۵Ĺâ¹һ㣬ӨӨĿʤա
Ŀİ׹֮УһӰʵ仯һŮ
ǰŮҶɵ΢΢һ
Ҷһֱ²⣬Իñ֮УȻԤϵ
˿̵İ꣬ǰˣǾӨļ覴õ˳ĺڷٲһɢ£ĶβͣѾʧһϽɵ˿ʳۣǰ˵Ĺյð͹£һ˵Ķˡ
ʱ䣬ƺҲһɱ䣬һʳ˼̻Ůһ㣬³
ǰİ꣬ȻҲû
ˡ
˾ͽϵ˶Щ㶣ΪʲôҶԱߣͻȻôһŮǾգ˶˺
ǡĴʻ㣬Ƕ޷ˡ
òϣʮŵģĽ㣬Ϸ绪ϵŮڰǰȻôֲ
ûһ˿覴ã·鶼õ˾
ǰ𣿡Ҷؿǰİ꣬鲻Խصеţı仯ʵ̫ˣңԶǸĹϴ˵İ׺ؾõˡ
ǰİ꣬ûеõİ׺ȻΪ֮㵹վֻڵİֳ꣬׵ʣľһŮһ㡣
ȻεؿһΣҶȻȻĶ
꿴ҶƤգգ۵ңǻ˭
ȻǸϤҶŻعϲЦ԰ǰ˭ҶǶ࿴һ۰꣬ĶβͶѾˣǿɰʣûм٣Ӷˡ
ƯˣǱˣ˾ɰС죬Ҷڴʵ
׵İ꣬Ҷξ
Ҷ磿ҶûзӦ۾һѯʡ
ȿȣȻǱøˣҶع΢죬εЦ
ʱĵЦǾЦѩڣٻţ̲ס١


875 
ҶʵҲڰΪԼξһ㡣
ǲģȻĺ֮Ⱥ⣬ǵȫûģΪǴͬġ
˼˰һ۱ջĿ⣬ȫĿͶ˹һ塢һǿǡ
û˵Ŀ⣬ܣ¶һ˿ɻãȻ૵˵ΪʲôҾмϤӣ
ǰ𣿡Ҷüʵ
üϸ룬ȴʲôҲ벻ֻҡҡͷ
ҶҲǣǴĹ̨֮ǰԪǶȹģô
һʱ䣬֪ΪʲôϷһЩĸı䣬ԭҵѪУ˺ܶഫط֣֮Щطǳǿ󣬿ҵġңҵƺһЩ佫ҪѣֻһЩƬΣһ޷ϵЩյصԷԼϵı仯ҲЩԻ󲻽⡣
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һâЩ˿ѸٵˣΪһ壬ĻָҲǿ
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ǧͦһˣȻôݵĶȻ˲òࡣ
ƺµҶʲôǧЦЦһɱһѪħһǿߣõġ̫ԵһֱڲʹáǼҪԶУ˵ҪĶҶˣǲҪұջˣ
ҪȻҪҶϽץ¼ûдıֻдˡⶫڻϣǱǺö
ǧԸоȣû뵽ҶȻ˵һ΢΢׵˵ò
Ҷ΢죬Դǵ˵һ׻ΪԼѡ¾Ѫ൱ģϧֻһΡ
ǻôã϶вٺö
һҪһС
¾Ѫħ񽢻ǲ̫ˣﻹмǳ֮Ķ㣬ôǧ
Ҷ¾ѪļֵħѾ޼ˣҪ֪¾ѪǿˣҲֻܱâһħôܱһҪǧ¾ѪǲܸħᲢ۵ġ
ȻǧôҶȻҲܾˡ


890 
ǧóǸűۻҡ
û뵽ǧȻİãղôϡŹֵĶ룬ҲпǧղصĶʵ̫ˣ̳Ҷ
ǧһԱߵİ꣬º͵ЦʮβèܴѪͳȻˣҲһɡ˵ţһжһöָ
öָ֪ʲôɵģָɫģһöɫ꣬룬һֻ΢Сϸȥһֻаߵļ׳档
Σֻ׳棬꾪ȵص
Ȼ֪֣ǧ΢΢ؿ˰һۣ͵صͷȷʵ֮档
ôصĶôգЩ֪ص
ǧͰĶǳöָͨӣҶȻϹЩϣоһЩ֮Ϣ
֮ôСȴǵһ弶Ĵڣ
֮濿ξȡһϣһǺץġ֮ʱͽϴԽԽС
ֻ֮Ȼֻһô󣬵壬֮֮ƾǿġ
öָ˵ȴûʲôôܹȵЧǿʮǱҪСʹãٵʹЧΪһʩչȣԶξ֮г˯Ҳ޷ѣǧ֣صضöָݸ˰ꡣ
ҶȻеǧǿı˵;ˣöָͱħֵǮˡħ֮Լ۸񰺹ΪÿѪɫħ̫ˣкܶ඼֮ʥˣʵʼֵЩûȵġ
ǧ֮䣬װһħ񽢣Ҷԭǧ̵أǧôҶҲ˼ٶˣħ񽢽ǧ
ǧ΢ЦŽӹ֮䡣
ҳˣǧ¶һ˿º͵Цݵ
СӲӦҳǧŶԣҶٺһЦ¾Ѫνָܹ߼ÿһﶼǼֵˣҶĻ˼ǧҪǳ裡
Ҷǧ֮ʣǧͻȻоʲôԶȥ
ȻˣΪʲôǧЦ˵
Ƭ֮һˣû˵
ǧҶҶСӣϻжħ񽢣һǰɡ
˿ֿ˿ǧҶװΪѵصͷħ񽢲࣬ԼҪһңҪһұãʨүҲҪһңмˣ̫Ҫۡ
ҶĻԭͺڵˣƺǿŲûз
ҶƳһڳһźΪҾ͵øӣӲŲ㣡
һȻûУǱˡ˵꣬Ҫȥ
ǧæסζؿһҶһ˼ǿߣͽᶼĻҶ
ʵǽڶҶôӣͲ鷳
Ͼ˵ģֽ˲ãǧ˺У΢ЦŵҶСӣͲȳһ𣿡
ǧǲܲġ
ȻҶƺΪΪѵͷǺðɣϡΪ󣬼۸桭ܻԵ֪᲻ã
Ҷô˵ǳ˳飬ҪԼҶͽСһٽˣȻҶҲǵһˣ
еܱûã𵭵һħ񽢶ѣ𣿡
ǧʧЦҶ׼ҪݺݵһľԽԽȥˣмСƢľһħ񽢣ضҲҪУƾǳѪҲһҪħ񽢵ġ
ǳ衢ħϽ֮ĶǲҪģЩҶװ£ӵһЩˣҪʲôĶıҵǿԿǿǣҶٺһЦ
ʲôûУһ£һ֮жöȭͷСѪʥһƢķɢѪʥȻʱõöѪʥöѪʥȴǲһЩݵģڴ֮ҲǷǳϡС֮ΪҲԸʹá
ƳҶһۣеɫаıǧҲòġ
˭֪ҶֻһۣҡҡͷѪʥкܶ࣬Ҫˣ
ҶһͷһöѪʥǸͷѪʥһֿ࣬˿ͷѪʥмҡҡͷ
ȻǧϵѪʥ
֪ҶǴӴʲôطɼģǧ𣬶ɴ۾
ѲժôݵѪʥˣѪʥҲǧǰɼڵġ
еҲסˣһǰһкսףʮףÿһ׶üΪ¡
սףȽףѾǷǳϧˣЩս׶ӳ˶صӡλҲ׹ƣʥصУÿһ׺ս׶ǳ󣡡ﻹЩСҶģʮ׺սף˵÷
뵽꣬Ԫ׺սʱԪ˷ܼӡһսֶʦʹõģͨǸġ
Щıе㲻øЩȥǲ۵ġ
ҶһЩսףЩȤȱȱӣһӣǰ˲һʮ׺սףЩսÿһڹҫһ֪ӡЩս׸öࡣ
ȻӣЩս׸ҶЩսһȣȫ㲻ʲôˡ
ֻЩǻ˰ɣҶЩм˵
ȻһλСӸˣ𳹵ˣ
ľѾɶˣû뵽յͽܱľɶ
ð̵ӣһԵǧ𲻽еʧЦƢܾ󣬹ҪҶˣͬʱҶҲе棬ҶıδҲ̫һ㡣
ղó¾Ѫνָ֮ĶҶҲȫۡ
ǿԴľڤôһȭͷС͹ħ˰ɣһͷһȭͷСľڤ𣬡ӲޱȣǳϡУ֮Уκζ޷ն
ȭͷСľڤһħ񽢣ӽˮ˰ɣ׵ľڤûмҪҪҰڤ
Ǹڤͨ޷ִģ۷弶ǿҲУûмҲ
Ҷ顣
ڤȷʵԴǧ𣡡ƵصҶʶļһڤ𶼲ʶ
Ҷ̲ѣͬΪǧôôأδҲ̫һɣ
ʵľǧ֮أ
˵ȭͷСľڤˣˮ״СľڤǰҲϰ
ҪڤҲڤһ


891 ˭
Ҷڤ𶼿ϣ𲻽ҶʶԿգ֪ҶҪʲô
ǧЦЦڤȷʵֵƣħҲ㹻ˣⶫҶòϣʵõĶǿʵı
ǸưҶıԲ٣ħǸ㲻Ķܸ㵽ʲôŪģ
һŪĶÿһ쳣ȷʵôһЩȥе᲻á
Ҫħ񽢣ǾˣҶ¶֮ɫƺڱûкûҶȴ֪϶кܶ౦ֻ᲻óߺߣҲǳ
оҶӣһɻӿҪղصıӵеıˣҲѷɫֻе᲻óѣ
һҧһгһɫơ
óƣǧ΢΢һЦóöˡ
ʲôҶע⵽ǧ飬Ŀɫϡ
ߺһĲ鲻Ըصǰһǳص֯ġһʩչʱյ֮Ťٿأһ۷ǿߣҲױסȻǿ߻Ƶģʱ㹻ˡ
ҶһҲõĺöǰ֮УЩȷʵҪ౸һЩԷʱ֮衣
ô㽻ΣҶЩʹ
һҶһ˼顣
Ҷ飬ֱҪˣ㵱ħʲôģôֵǮôҲһȴı֮ǰľһ£ŲùҶħأ
ղǧ߼ҽħ񽢣ҶƲƲ
߼ҶȻҪ߼úӶˡ
ǧ΢ЦŸҶȷʵǲıˣҸղŸıļҲδضһ
룬ǧ¾ѪȻܴ󣬵ϾֻʹһΣȴܹʹúܶΣֻҪע㹻ʱյ֮Ϳˡ
һ뽻ҵħ񽢣Ҳ̫СˣΪںһҪħ񽢾ҪгѪľ򣬲ȻЩħ񽢾ȥҪ
óһѾͷڵѪˣҶһȻʨӴ󿪿ڣ
֪ħ񽢶жһħ񽢣һѸٵظϵս԰˱ʧ㣬ȻûСҪħթ
װΪףԲԸħԸλ϶ǳҪҶиһ£˵ԴǣǲѪħ˵ôҪҲ˭
㡭û˵ˡ
ĸ𲻻ãħһҪУͲ˰ɣҶ˵аţҲŲ¡ͷҵͷˣû˶ʥȻҶʥǶôţƵĴڣ϶Ҫţƾˡ
һʱ
ǧֻһԵ΢ЦţҪҶһħ񽢣ƲѪǲܵˡ
Ȼôû⣬ȥˣҶһ
ʱʨүǽһְҪ֪ҶԵĿһ𰡣𶼸ҿӣʨүҵķ緶ȻˬúܣʨүǼſڿû
ȵȣ޺޵صΪûôòͣҧҧһóһȻһ˴졣
Ҷ˿ֻ˴ף˶ԣϲĳصͼڣʮֻɣȻ
죬γһŴеʱһЩǿߣҲӵŴ죬ֵص
Ҷɫص˵ͷȻвٺöġ
ˣҪǻϻǾȥɣ޺޵ҧͬСɣͨıܹģ֮ǧ߼ﶼѷɫˡ
ǧҶóѾǳˡǼöԺĺôģ
ǧĻҶΪŷġ
ãǾ׬˰ɣҶΪѵصͷͬˡ
ҶĻһѪﻻҶħ񽢣ô׬Ƶģ
죬Ƕǵϡеıﰡ
ʵҶõѪɫʮħ񽢶ûˣﲻǼܹýǮġ
ǳ鴤һ£ҲֻƵظҶˡ
ʱи鷢ӵһħشԾ֪ҶˣҲֻˡ
ｻҶȻװħ񽢵֮䡣
ˣ˵ʲô뿪֮أ۲ѡ
ԶǧҶЦռ˴ˣ
ǧˣĸռıˣȻ˫ԸģҶ޹ص
Ҷ̬꿩Ц
ǧһҶҶǵ˱˻ԡ
ߵʨүĿǰһװʨү
㻹׼ڿ϶ãǧ·ʨүЦЦص
ʨүæϵض˶ϵĻҳ
ոշʲôףǧôȥ밲أԽԽˣҶϲˡʨүϽǧƨ˵컨׹
һԻǧ𶼲˵ʲôˡ
¾ˣҪԺٸҿûǧһĿһɡ
ʨүڨڨһЦң֮ǰûҪ֪ʮҲҡ
ǧ鷳һ飡ҶһԲ廰
ʲô飿ǧҶ
֪λҰҪħ𣿡ҶٺһЦ
ﻹħ񽢣㲻˵Ѿ𣿡ǧ˹Ҷղƭģ
ǧˡ룬ҷֱλÿһħ񽢣Ұλ᲻ҿɵﲻǣҸղ˵ħ񽢶Ҫôܲ˽أ׼ȳֱҰΪ˶ףҶһ˾ı顣
ΪҲ֪ǵСžšǧҶһۣⶫԸҸӸǣԸĻȻģ
ǾͶлǧˣҶٺһЦ
ħ񽢣ܴҰõһЩö뿪ʥ֮ǰ˳׼ǰǿʱͻᰲȫܶࡣ
ҶһԼĶ¾ѪܹżÿһǱĺö


892 Ԫ
ǧһ֮󣬱뿪ˡ
û೤ʱ䣬ҰͶˣǸóһЩҶħ񽢡
˻ı֮⣬Ҷ˲Ϊҩ
ȻͨҩҶΪѾû̫İˣʤޡ
׵˫Ϊ⣬Ұõħ֮󣬶ҶĹ۸жܲһҲ뿪ˡ
Ҷõıָ߼ʨүԼ¾Ѫ͹
Ǽħ񽢣Ҷﻹܹ17ңָʨүÿһԱʱ֮裬ʣµҶ˾ͽϡֿÿһңҶǷǳ˾ͽϺֿģСѾͷҲͦɰġ
ʥأҶǽ˼ѵġ
ʱ֪Ӻδ
أضкܶţԼСġƮ첻֮ᣬҪ֮ǰϻ
һֱ߸ϣ˵Ҳʮ䣬ҶǴиоһ˿УЩж
ݣ˵ⷬǷǳ׵ġ
˵ļλ𣬶ǰһҲûҶٵķУҶ˻һЩøеġ
лѣҶյƺǼԶһ̨ϣϼɣһŮһ㣬ׯʥķ࣬
Ϊ׵ˣһ֮ҪתˣΪһϯ֮أҲ塣
ҶѾʰ˸׼뿪ʥˡ
ʱʥصλڽš
뿪ʥػ᲻᲻ã֮Σأ⣬кܶģЩǵش
߳ʥֻĵһһ޷ǾͲҪϣˣңԶǿգߵһ·֪Ȼһǰ
һǲĬȻ
Ҷȥһ·СģľҶ
лʦʦҲ뱣أҶԸоľԼʨүĵģг˸м
һ·أ˾ͽϵ˶ҶȻദʱ̣ܶǶҶкøеġ
ҶʦֱأۺˮСǲᡣ
ֿҲ
ҶԶЩӿȥԪȻҲȻУ⵹ҶЩ⡣
ԪΪεӡ
ҶԪ˹ȥ
ҶԪڵϣ֮ĶԹܹһʹôһҪл㣬ҴˣҲʱյ֮
֮ǰԪѾ˺ܶ
Ԫ˵һָҶܹܣȴҶһЦ˵һ֮ǰĶԹһʹ֮ǰҴ㣬ҲһЩԣ͸㣬񣡡
ҶһӣӸԪһö֮䡣
Ԫӹ֮䣬ٿһ֮Ŀռ䣬ȵŴ͡
ѹҲû뵽ҶȻôħ񽢣
Ԫ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ԫܹеİʱյ֮δǰ;Ҳǲ˷ԹԪԺӦҲΪʥһЩףҶġ
Ѿֿ˾ͽϡÿһħ񽢣Ҳһҡ
Ǯƻȥˣ׬˲űȽǮҪҪö࣡
Ԫг˸жû뵽Ҷôȣܹǰӣôħ񽢡֮ǰһЩΪԪѡ
ҶЦЦתȥ
ԺвǲǣԪҶıӰ֣صص
ټˣˣ
Ҷٻħ񽢣ꡢʨүһ̤ħ񽢡
Զʨһϵػ֣ˮģߡ
һۣҶ˿ʨүʨүµĻʥذɣ
ʨүһڵƨ浱ʨүǼɫѵġʨӰʨүһԶвᣬǺߺʨүܹݣʨү뿪һʱ䣬֪ʨүҵҪһԶʨүҵĴˡ
ȻʨүôƴڻмָЦҶǺܸжʨүʵǷĲһǰ
ħ񽢻ɡ
˷׷׻ͱ
ħ񽢿ռ䴩󣬡ಡһʧյľͷ
ҶСӣǵһվȥʨүʵ
Ҳգգ۾Ҷ
ȻԪǣҶԶտȥ֪ԪϵЩôˣһǿҵ˼֮ӿ
򣬹Ԫ
һž޴壬ΧųƬĹȺǳǹ֮ء
ǹһǸ߸ߵϣһ۵˾ܺƣ˿ĳࡣ
Ҷڴ
ڳǹϣԼҲֻڲࡣ
ΪԶû˸˵
ĿţʱȻ۾뿪ʥˣ
˭Ҳû˵Ȼ֪˵ġ˭
ȥɱҶܶʧҲһҪɵ˫һ⡣
ǣȻҲεص߹ͷ­
Դ˳ǹõǹдȨȫ
ȻΪһ֮ȴòΪԴħ֮
Ŀ˸޷Զ֣ΪоϹ׷ϢһκζϹӾͻӣֻǵǹĵӣӦÿƭϹӡ
֮½½һЩǹĵӽУ뿪˳ǹǵĿǰǿ׷ٲɱҶв۷弶ǿߣλǿߣ
ʱԪϡ
Դӻһγ۷ǿߣԪǵܴ
˺󣬵ԪǣС
һЩλλ۷弶ǿߣ֮ҲҷǼһЩͨҶˣҪϥ
ȻǵʵЩҶˣҶҿһ־ܷӡ۷ĳǿߣ˭Ҷˣ
ŻߵҶҿʼ˷š
λλλλ۷弶ǿ߱ҶΪҶҵ¡ҶҴǳźżܵõߵָ㣬صҶңвǿĽ
Ҷҿʼϵ׳󣬾ôʱ֮Ѿ۷ǿߡʮ߸λǿߣʮһλԼٶλλ
ʱҶңٲȻѾһȻڵҶһܹǿ֮У۷ǿߵõ˻ߵĽ̵һЩϣǿġ
ţҶҵĲҲﵽ˾˵ĳ̶ȣױ鼰Ƹѩһϵͣÿ춼Ҷҵħ񽢲ϵش
Ҷħ񽢿ԪǣҶǰķʱΪԼۣǧҸ񽢡¥ϵؽȺһ
Ԫ


893 
ħ񽢻ؿԪǣԪǵĸۿͣ
ǰһĻĻҶ֡
뿪ʱԪѾ˷츲صı仯
ҶʨүħҲ۾𾪵ؿ߿ǱߣֻʨүһΪǰոջһˡ
ԸĿ̣ǧٹ֣кܶ඼ġ
ЩǿԪϾֹΪǳС΢ûеġ
ɨԪǣԪϷֲٸССгЩгϽסʱһЩս׵Ӷǵװ뻮һս׵һȻӡһҶ֡
Ҷ֣Ԫ֮࣬󲿷ֶսʡ񼶱ġ
ڼ䣬ҶͨϵعսʡūͣҶҵϵ׳šЩսʡ֮⣬дģ۷ĶС
ЩȫҶң
һֲĳѸٵ
ҶҲе벻ףҶôһеġ
ɨҶصʱһǿޱȵϢҶͷһĿ֮һĻϡ
ˣǵص¥֮еľߣ
뿪˵ص¥Ҷҡ
Ҷ˹Ҷǽžߵƣŷչ̶ֳȵġ
ȻԾߵݻǺҶ߶Լûж⣬ԾߵʵЩʲôֱ׾١
Ҷʨүһ𣬳Ҷȥ
֪ҶʨүعҶضˣһʢ䡣
ˣ̨籿ҶǾһ˿˶ݵЦգʱ̨һ˵ġ
ţҶ΢ЦŵͷȻ̨籵ϸϣһŵķҷƱǼ⣬оҵܰ͹
Ƭ֮͋YҲˡ
ǲ֪ʲôϵʶһЩ仯
ԸƤޱȣһɹϢɢYϣһصϢ
СܵܣǺ˱˰齿Ҷ
飬Ҷ˵ٱʱһҹɵͷȡ
һԵċY񾲵ؿҶ
ǰꡢ̨͋YҶоޱȵ㣬ôţʲôģ
ʲôҶ̨顢YˣЩʵ
λ߸;壡̨籿ԶڲݵĻ˵
;壿̨籡͋YϵϢܸоĹܲ򵥣ĳܹԽĹ
Ҷȥߵ˾ߵĸǰ߹˹ֿ֣صлǰշҶң
ƽصʥˣЩūӦġ
ʥ
ƺҶףƺŵ״ʲô塣
߾ȻԳūҶоļⶼ˲ףǰλǳԽĴڣ
һʱʥȻˣʥλԪǣϾҪ߰ɣߺ֪ҶҪʲôؿڵ
ǵģҶ˵ͷ׼ԪǴϼǰ̽ѰɵƬ
ҶһЩ뷨ϹӺ;߶أǵĶͷʵضǳǿҶһǿҵĽȸУþõķɵʵӦδпܲڶв
ʥڵ𣬿ȥص¥һˣҶ
ص¥ǱҪȥģ֪õЩʲô
ʥѾǷħӡ˰ɣƺʲô֪
Ҷ΢΢ס
ǷħӡʥūĸΪֹûеĸܹ޳ɡǷħӡϵȨλ
ȨλʲôȨλҶһ¡
ǡѪоǣΪﵽ򾳽Ĺؼ˱ǻһѹƣҪﵽ򾳽̫ˣ¼䣬Ψʥܹѹƣ߿Ҷһ⡣
ҶѾǺһƿѪֻϧ֪ȷʹãҲֻǷڵ̥ѡ
߼˵˵ǡѪ;ȻܹΪҪΪǿߣǡѪ;ǡʥľ쳽֮컯ʥһһǶ۷壬Ҫﵽߵľ磬ҪʥԼˣ
ܽˣҶǫӦ
ĵһĴ½ޱߣ壬ڼƵ飬ﱻΪ򣡡Ƶ˵Ŀ֮ƺ
Ҷһ
֮УҲйһϯ֮ءһ죬طʮ꣡һƬأɵֻӵһϯ֮أ佨ʹǵ̤ﴴӴǺңʵձ˳ɫЩˣҶ֣صصϣʥܹЩ֮ˣҫɱ򣡡
žǲįı飬Ҷ·ӿʣѪҶϢ
Щ·ҶļҶ·𿴵ƬɱսڼƵ֮ŭƴɱǿ䡣
ʥǻӵܣǵĻ壬ɱ¾ʣһ֧Ѫ䡣һδսԻͲ١Щ˵ģȻҫȻһ죬Ϊս޺ˣ߼ᶨص
ߵϢʵѾ˥ˣѾ˴ĺ֮꣬ҶȻоȵѪ
ҶȻ˺ܶ࣬˾ߺϹЩʲôпȻһ̾
Ȼʧˣ֮лкܶ˲ԸȻĸΪδƴϹӺͻҲֻеѡ
ʥ뿪ʱ䣬һʥҶ壡˵ǾδΣܷˣҪʥԼˣ
Ҷ˵ͷоߵİæҶҺܿܳɳΪǿĳң
ҲֻƬѣû˵ˡ
ҶҶһΪž۶ף
һᣬСƤڻˣȻСѾշˣÿ춼ĺ֮黹СһĴ
ףС쿴Ҷ֮С죬۵÷ǳɰ
ҶС챧СɰӣΪο
ǰγҡ
ΪС죬Ϊ̨顢͋YΪˣҪܵرǿ󣬷һ籩٣ػЩİˡңԶļڱһЩŰǻ¾
ҶҲðһƬ
ǿСǿɰСҶıøᶨ
ûܹԪչС죬ҶҲúΣе飬Ҫȥ
С죬Ժʦר֪𣿡Ҷͷ̵С졣
Сص˵ͷ
Ҷҵ죬Ҷ˼֣֮С׳ɳоϲоС츳Ҫ֮ϣҲǾߴӵص¥רĽ̵Сԭɡ
ʱҶһҶӳƬ֮㵽˵ص¥ڡ
ǡص¥ĸ֣ԾչҶǰ


894 ƽ
ǰңҶ룬˭дˡص¥ĸ֡
Ϊʲôıһģ
ÿҶҪѯеЩɻ󣬾ǲԸ˵ҶǰҲֻ˵ҶҶϻеһԱڵһЩ״ȴԸἰ
߻Ϲӵˣʲô
꾿ʲô飬ΪʲôԸҶ
Ҷ̤˵ص¥֮Уܿص˵ص¥˲㡣
˲ռ棬һսȻҶϴιҲֻ˼ٵһֶѡ
Щս׶ǵʹõģ嵽жپӣʱ壬ǿʢ˺̶ֳȣ
ϧѾǹȥĻԻˡ
Ҫ̤ϻԻ͵۷壬Ҫ봫˵е
Ҷ㣬ʱյ֮ӿЩս׾ȥĽս׺ͺսױҶ
ʮ׺սף
Ҷ𺳲ѣ𶼾ĺսףһ򲻵ġڽսף֮Ҫöپö٣
˽ս׺ͺս֮⣬ҶŪսס
սףλ۷弶ǿߣҲѽ乥ƣȺս׻ҪٱǿߣҲֻղôһս׶ѣҲ᲻óס
ЩսףҶ£ս
ĲƸʵǶþˣһ֣һ򱩸
ôսսô˴Ҷ૵˵
ʱߵӼԶʥطգԪϾҪʼţܿʹЩսսˣ
Ҫʼؽˣ
ҶУȻҲһ͵ĳ嶯Ѫȡ
Լһս֮Ҷȥһ·ھŲ㡣
̤ھŲ㣬ֵƬӴĿռ䡣
Щǵʥٻƽ޳ѨʱõĻƽ޼Ӽֻ帴˵Ļ֣ʥ뵤磬ǽи죬ǳɳʱ򣬱ǿľţеļȴʱѾ̫̫ˡ
ڵص¥ô꣬һֱΪػЩƽ޼ӼҶתֻؽЩƽ޼ӼҶ
ƽ޸ܹͨģһֻڵĻƽޣܻһֻޣͨޣǳԽĴڣ
˴ôãҶ޻ôһЩ˽ģΪǿһ㵽˳ڣǱҪǿ󣬼ֱ޵еս̫ˣȾҪһЩҲκβЩǿߡ
޿񽢡¥һգ­һصĿռ䣬Դ򿪺͹رգǵ­Դա
һǲȥģΪĲλǸλÿɸɵǡ
ǵ壬ǵڶ壬ĵλҪߣûһǿܹѱޡ
ƽ޾ǻһǿĸţɱ¾壬ĻƽѾˡƾǻһҲ֪ﻹֻƽ޵ļӼֻƽ޼Ӽ֮УֻĸʼģһǷƽһ彫ٴЩص
ҶߵĻҲޱ𺳣ڵĻƽޣͱȳڵͨ޻ҪǿˣǳڵĻƽ޸ǿ󵽺̶ֳȣ
Ȼֻƽ޵ļӼֻĸʼģ
һֻƽĸʣܴһƽȺһƽȺԴﵽֻϣ
ƽΪǻһսǿգ˺պսǻһ彨ӴƽҲǳأձ塣ѾҲһֻƽĸʵļӼˣĻƽҲ޼
ȴֻĸʼӼֻͨƽ޵ļӼ
ȫǺεȿֲĳ棡
ʥһҪúñֻĸʵļӼǧֻƽޣпܵһֻӵĸʵļӼǷǳģ
֧ϣѹ־߻Ԫô¡
Ҹôȫս磿Ҷе飬һԼˣǵĸȫˣ
ʥĵ磬һƬ컯أԵĶ磬Щƽ޼ӼʥĵǾͻʥߵ
һô죿Ҷǳˣ
ֻ˵ˣȻһ̾һУ֮£û˴ˣ٣ǿ֮У壡
ߵĻУһԵı׳
Ҷиоޱȵѹ֣ػԼļˣҪػΧѣػ壬Ǿû˺أ
ȻˣˮڣҶڴģΪ岫ɱһѪ·ɱ񣡡Ҷŵʱյܻ֮
߿˿̵ҶǴһʱҶܣֵѹȵΧĵ׷ױ顣ҲоһǿѹȻҶڵΪֻλѣȴѾչֳǿǱ
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Ҷصľߣǵ֮ͫУһ¡ȥ꣬¼ŵ£һᣡ
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Ҷؽƽ޵ļӼս֮УһСļӼϵؽ뵤֮Уܲھ֮֮С
ҶȻ֣Щƽ޵ļӼʱһһСǽ棬ҶľһȣһſСһ㡣
ԭľǣȻôӴ
컯أȻ컯
ʱ䣬ҶŽЩƽ޼Ӽȫս˵֮С
Щƽ޼ӼһЩ֮ϣҶԸоЩƽ޼Ӽءǵǿ
֪βܽǷ
Ҷһ֮ϣ׷׳Щƽ޵ļӼȥЩƽ޼ӼϣȻں˽ȥ
Żƽ޼ӼҶںϣҶоЩƽ޼ӼƺԼһ˿ѪһĹϵ
Щƽ޵ǿǿһֻÿٶ£ǿͬս޶һ㡣
ֻƽ޼Ӽӽ״̬ġ
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ʥ뿪Ԫǣ׼ȥ߿ѯҶ
ҲûȷҶ֪ʱȣҪõķɵƬʵΪ֪Щǻʲôʱʼ¾࣬Ҫ֮ǰΪһΣӵ֮ԿľŲУ
ҽʥһվǰڤǣܹҵɵƬߵ
ڤǣ
ҶȻʲôۡ˵
ڤһȺǿ߽ģ崦ѪɫħѪɫܵĵش˽ﶼҪһڤǿ߹Ǹڤأ˶ԸǣĺһԽ׸Ʒͬʱﻹһ޴ľھнǶɱ
ȥڤ𣿲֪ڤһʲôˡ


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ǣƾڤţڤһһǿߣ
ǸڤʵΣҶʵ
ҺڤûнֹڤǽѣȻֻʱ䣬ڤܹпٳһΪӦò֮£˵
ҶһݣڤʵȻھ֮£
ҲǣߣҲûǿƵļѹ֮½һǿ
ǰԪǵʷϣֹǻں϶Ϊ0ˣһʣأȥҶʵԪʷϳֵ˺£Ҷǿҵĺ档
ÿһǻں϶Ϊ0ˣӵҶϻѪǽףԶףҶһѪĴҰģҪȡˡֻ֮ܽһλƺ̾Ϣ
߿еһ֣ӦþϹˡ
ϹӸߺһģһЩϵҶҲܿóϹȻʥ֮УҲ˶Ҷϻ塣
ϹӣӦǴᡣ
ʥ֮䣬֪ʲôĹϵ
ǻں϶Ϊ0ˣǰȥ̽ǻĶ뿪Ԫ֮󣬱Ҳûܱǻһɱˡ΢ЩȻ
ǻں϶Ϊ0ˣҶĺ᣿ҲǣҶʵĪƸԼһЩѪͳϵĹϵ
Щ⣬ֻһѩҡͷ
ѩҶԴеתˡ
˵ƸʥҲԵƻֻһʶѩԪǵһɽڣʱʥ컯澳磬㽫һʶѩ֮СѩͣʥزԼ˼롣ʥһ־ǱգԪǻİ£
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˶ΪʥˣֻҺԪǻ֪ʥ֮齫תȻʥʶ𣬵ѪͳȻһ죬Ҳһ־ǣʥƻ֪ʥת
ѹ㵽֮䣬һ˻
ԭΪʥǣ
ҪҶûʥΪҶԸҪʥǡ
ҶãƻǲһΪһ֮˽һӵġ
߿˿ҶȻһ̾ȻҶ룬鲢ô򵥡߳ҶȥҶģģѿ˿̾Ҳеã
ҾҲкܶ಻׵ĵط統ʥΪʲôҪһʶӡѩ棬ΪʲôҪһѩͣؽΪʲôø壬ѩ
ⶼǲ֮գҲ²͸Ҳֻʥߵһ˶ѣֻܲ²⣬̺һЩ
˿Ҷȴţ֪ʱȥ
ĳһ죬ǿյĳưɡ
лƽ޵ļӼҶ֣ڵص¥һƬ޷̤ǱĳֽƷӡ֪ƬЩʲô
ҶŽȥˡ
ƬʥǲҪԽˣūҲû㹻ʵƬƣߵ
濴ȥƮ죬ǧֹֺУйʯ
һУ޷塣
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Ҳû㹻ʵƬƣҶʱǲˣӵص¥˳
Ҷ֮С
ʱҶѾʨүе֪кü⵽¾ҶǶʱеߡ
Ⲣɱټǧˣ¾˼
һ򵽵ж࣬ͨ˶Ԫһ壬˿ڣһ壬Ҳڼơ
ǲûäĿԪǻꡣ
ǻһһҲк˺ͻ֣֮ǻ궼ԡԪǻıӻԪǵѾˡ
˭Ҳ֪ʱͷϡ
ÿ춼ڱɱ
Ҷƽеļߡ
ȻˣǾսɣ
ҶѾԸӷٶҶҵʵˣǱѡ
ϾҪ뿪ԪǣҶս쿴Ҷʵ
ǵģҶΣҲûԪǶϼҪ뿪ˣûкúˡ
ж־ķҶҳģûһث֣ȻôҪǾȥɣԶı֧㣡ҶսҶļ뵽˵ҶŸոտʼѧ·ʱʱףҶһᱳԶСҶܹһ棬ΪҶ֧ип֡
ߵǶԪǵ㣡̨ؿҶ
ţҶ˵ͷߵСߣ΢ЦŵС죬ױ
Сſֱֺۣ˽ҶĻЦ
ҶѾԴСϣоһǿĵˣҶͬǣҶǧֵСֻһִֵĵȻһȴǿ
Ȼֻ񾳽磬ͨǻӵնСϣҲ˲Сˡ
Ա߿ȥֻСϸ۾ҶС߷ȥ
Աߵĺ֮飬ҲѾ˺ܶ࣬ʮصľ磬ĺ֮ڹ̨Ͽĺ֮ƺе㲻ֻͬĺ֮ȻҲһ̬ĺ֮ƺһɫĹߣƺܵ˾ߵһЩ㲦ܣƯһӡ
۾գգ˿Ҷֿ˿С졣
ϢҶ֮䣬˴һЩӦģоҶС
Ⱥͬĺ֮һ棬κһֻĺ֮鶼пܳΪĺ֮ĸ߹壬ǰܹƣвƵĺ֮һ壬ĺ֮Ļ壬ֻĺ֮츳߿ֻĺ֮м⡣
Ҷ˵ͷû뵽ֻĺ֮ȻǿԳΪĺ֮Ĵڣĺ֮ǵڶ֮зǳǿĴڣǿڹ̨ռһϯ֮ؾͿԿ
ĺ֮ԪǣһЩ벻İҪĺ֮ΪһβС
ΪҶ뿪̨͋Y˸ҲףҶУΪҶҡΪԪΪ岫һܳΪҶ
ҪԪǼ;壬ȡΪҶı
Щǻ飬ҴǻһǸԪǻҶĶ
Ԫǻ˲ǸΪĲԪǻˣҶҡͷǷǲֵˡ
վڲݵϣԣҶ޾գ֪еһվڤǣֻһʲôĵط


896 񽢣
ԪǴĵطһسԪǷţ񽢾ħ񽢶Ҫͨ巺ŽɫĽϲĳص֡
Щص֣һֻֻһŤıʻУƺ̺ĳص
һƲһɢ˳ȥ
ѾǿԪǣ൱ˣǿУʱʱи¥ǾȻûκ˷Ĵڣȫ˿
һЩ¥񽢴ӹʱ򣬾˰һ㣬Ʒ˳ȥ
ϸ񽢣˿̵âϲ˺ۣβòǱնһһ㣬һ˺ۼ񽢵βնȥ
صĽֻһּΪٶȣԪڵķšȫʧȥ˶ôƾŹԣ֮лš
ٶȣִԪǹƿҪһʱ䡣
֪Ӻδ
һ¥񽢴Ա߲ȴע⵽Ĵڡ
Щ·ֻܿһƬգֲЩ·˶ԣһѡ
͸񽢵ڲᷢյġ
񽢵֣һƬԲʮ׵Ŀռ䣬¶ޱȣֵűһһ㡣ֵһ飬˶ߣס
͸飬Լؿⶳһ࣬һŮˣͨȺе㲻һǣһͷɫĳƤһİɫŵӫ⣬Ϸ񻣬ϲŴƣһܡ
ıУһĨʹͱ֮ɫ
Ԫǵ۹⿴ܲһŮȴһ˵顣
һĨĨɫɢʱյ֮ͬɫϵ߻ûһ˿һƣס塣ҶڵĻҶ֣ᷢɫڵ֮֮мơ
ɫϢǴ˵е̫֮һ֮顣Ůϵ̫Ũǿĳ̶ȣԶҶһ֮
̫Ũȣ֮ܵ廹ҪŨöࡣ
ʱԪϵǶ֪һڻسԪǿ
ԪϣҶѾ׼뿪ˡ
֮ǰһʨүͰҶǰڤǡʨүӵʥ壬ѪʥͿԽλӵĻҶѵѡ
Ҷ֮вɵٴ˸֮С
һ̨籣Ҳɵһ˿ᡣ
Y鶼ᣬȻˡ
Ҷף¹شڲǶŮ鳤ʱ
ʥˣ˷ǰ;ãҸоһصѾѾ㲻κζˣʥһҪСģߴҶ
֪ΪʲôʱƺĳصӰ쵽ԪǣҲһ˿ϵ
ףҶ֣صصͷߵĸĵġ
ҶʨүҶϧ
С죬һҪŬøǿ󣬱Ҷң𣿡ҶС죬СԴ
Сһ㣬ص˵СԴ
ʨүͰ˵֮Ⱥħ񽢣Ҷһһٱʱ˱̨籡͋YȻħ񽢡
ħ񽢻ա
Ҷ·ԪԽԽСһϤӰҲԶȥҶһ˸УߵĶǣԪǣѰˣ͸Ĺһ
Ҷ̨籵˻Ҷǲϵػ֣ħ񽢷ɵԽԽߡ
ħ񽢡ಡһʱմʧ֮С
ҶСӣһγȥ֪ҪʱܻʨүЩ˸еصԪϣǴĺ󹬡
̫õģҶңԶѸٱСԪǵ
·оҶеߵҶߣסҶ֡
ħƬ̾ͷɳͻȻ֮䣬ħ񽢾ҵ
ʲô飿Ҷɫһ䣬Ѹٵħ񽢣ħײʲôˡ
䣡
ٷеħײһſСϣأЩС׷ױħײ÷顣
ħ񽢱棬ӡתЩӡħ񽢣ħײб١ħ񽢵ӡǳǿ󣬼ޱȣȻײһ֣岢ûб𻵡
ƽʱħʻĹУһ㶼Զǿ֮Сǣβ֪ʲô飬ײʲôȻƫ˹˦˳ȥ
ղŵ׷ʲô飿
Ҷħ񽢣ħͣ
ħײʮС֮֮ͣС
Ҷ磬ô£ɻʵǼʻħʻôˣûƵ顣
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Ҷɻǰͼϵĺʻǰħ·ʱûз⣬β֪ôˡ
ҺħȻˣǺأ˵Ȼỻħ񽢣ϻкܶħ񽢡
ħ񽢷ٶ̫죬ղײĵص㣬Ҳ֮ˣ
Ҿе㲻Ծǻظղײĵص㿴ҶղħûײκζͻȻƫ˺е⣡
õģʨүҲͷ
Ҷʹħ񽢣ԭĵطʻȥ
ħСм䴩š
Ҷ磬쿴ͻȻָԶе
Ҷ˳Űָķ̽˹ȥԶСм޴ӣӦײ֮µģ滹һЩ¥񽢵Ĳкһֻһҵӡ
к֮ƯƺһЩʬ塣
Щ¥˸Ҷ˵ħһ飬ֻǵ¥̫Щסײˡ
ô£Ҷüͷ˵һȫպӦ÷Ŷԣ
ʨүԴҿħ񽢣ȻһײܵģȻпƾʥײҴƿ϶ǳҡ
룬Ҷʹħ񽢳ǰ
Щ¥񽢵ʻٶȿ϶Ȳħ񽢣ħײ֮ԱȽϴٶҪЩ¥񽢿ö࣡ǵײǵĵصȴͬģеˣҶ˼Ƭ˵
Ҷ˼ǣǶƶģǳԪǷƶ۾ʧʵ
ֻҶĲ²ѣҶҲ֪ԼĲ²Բԡ
ҶСӣʱȫûײκ壬ǻ᲻һǿհʨүһ˵հĻƶҲǺġ
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897 
ȻհհδҲ̫ǿ˵㡣
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ħһ·ȥ
ǲҶʩչ̽޷Ѱκζ
֮һƬʲôûУҶʵе벻֮ͨǰħ񽢵ײʲôŻ᲻ܿƵƫ˹˳ȥ
¥񽢴ԪǷҶħ񽢣СƿҶħ񽢣Ȼˡ
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ħ񽢵ӵߣǳǿ߾ǱӵмӴǾǲġ
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ǲħͻȻ⣬Բű˦˳ȥʨү˵֮⣬ƺûʲôܹ͵ˡ
ҶĬ˿Ŀ͸֮С
·Լĳص˯ߵ߽˺塣
ƺһصɢҶҪʱȴص֪ʲôҶھŵʱյ֮ͣ΢΢š
ȺȻɫʱյ֮Ҫǿܶ࣬Ȼڰʱյ֮Ĳ޼
Լ䣬Ҷ·𿴵֮һɫӰԷһŮˣһͷɫĳس˯ţһӹҶҪøʱǸɫӰȴһӶʧˡ
ҶüʱѾ޴Ѱ١
Ҷ磬㷢ʲô𣿡꿴Ҷʵ
ҲҶҡҡͷĪǸղŵһУֻĻþǸŮ˵ʲôˣȻоԷӰеģƺַǳ
Ҷٿħ񽢣ԲʮķΧȫ˹ȥջһ
ħ񽢳ɡҶ૵һħ񽢡
µħ񽢿ʱմʧյľͷ
Ҷ֪ǣصȻ֮лػţһֱԪǷȥ
Ҷħ񽢲ϵ֮зУһƬСǴ
ҶСӣ㿴ʨүһƬСǴָȥЩС֮УôһСǣɫͨСǲһģһɢ
ǿСǣҶЩһȫǳ֮ʯɵС壡
תһ룬ԼĲƸѾﵽ˾˵ĳ̶ȣһȫǳ֮ʯɵС壬Ȼǧֵǳ֮ʯԣҲֻǾţһëѡ
һȫǳ֮ʯɵС壬ҶǷǳ˵ģϾǰ׼ġ
Ҷӳħ񽢣㣬ץסǿС壬ವһǿСսԼĵ֮С
С嶼˵磡
Ǿ˵컯أȻޱ棡
ɨС壬СӦвǳ裬֡
Ҫʱ򣬿԰ֽˣ
Ҷһ¸ûٷǳ֮ʯɵСˣӻħ֮С
Ҷӽħ񽢵˲䣬ҶͻȻоһЩӦ
֮УöĻƽ޼ӼڲͣţҶоֻƽ޼ӼѪҺԽԽ죬Ĳ֮ս޶һ㡣
峯ֻƽ޾ۼȥںϽֻƽڡ
ʱյ֮ҲϵرգϵϢøǿ
ǹϢϵš
ǻƽ޵ļӼϣ˽ɫâ֮⣬˸źȻϺͺڰ׾ɫâ
ҶоԼڵ廹оʱյ֮ãֻƽڷɱ䡣
ԣ
ͻȻһ죬ƽ޼ӼѿһѺۣһ޴ĽǶ˳
ԣ
һ̣Ӽȫƿ¶һֻɫ
ֻҶЩȣڵ޳ôû뵽ڵޣȴһֻ
ֻĻƽϵƤûӲǷ۵ɫƤϻһЩ壬һֻճɳƤֻͷĽЩ̫ͬ۾ôţ֫ͣذʲô
ڷˣһֻƽޣ
Ȼֻǳ״̬ҶѾǳ˷ˡ
Ҫ֪ǱͨҪǿöĻƽޣ
ֻֻƽţͱܵĵͣ˺ҧżӼǡ
ذأ
ƽ޽һƬƬӼǰצȥ
Ƭ֮󣬼ӼеǶֻСƽ޳ԵˣСƽ޷۵ƤʼӲһ˿˿ɫĹ󣬾һһ㡣
Ȼֻ壬ĸͷѾԪôˣ
·ᵽʲôֻСƽ֫ͣذţ֮дУಡһצץסҶո뵤С塣
СѾȽϴˣֻƽǰȴǴµһֻ
۾գǼСᣬһھͰǿС˽ȥԿԵҧ
һС廹죡
С֮󣬻ƽȻһʵı飬ǳ֮ʯ
оƽĵĿҶˣʵֻƽʹﵽ˷ٽ㣬ǵΧû㹻ʳǲģԸڼӼ˯
һıܣ
Χǳ֮ʯϢͿʼлƽ޷ˣ
һȫǳ֮ʯɵС壬ȫ޷ֻƽжٵıУС֮Ϳмһʱ䲻ýʳڼ䣬ͻѰҸʳ
û뵽ջС壬ֻƽ޷ˣ
ԺιƽҲһ֪ƽרųǳ֮ʯǻԱĶ
ҶһֻƽͷһЩҩֻƽᵽҩ֮ȥȻЩҩ̫ˣ춼
ҶͷһЩħ𣬻ƽħȴ¶һ顣
һǲħġ
ħ𣬵ǳһЩ̺Ķ
һȫǳ֮ʯɵС壬ƽһھ̳ˣԺôιֻθͬʱҶоľսǣĵֻĻƽ޼Ӽ
ֻƽ޿ȥֻѾ۾Բ飬֮·лȼһ㡣ϵƤѾǳӲͨ巺Ž⣬ҫ۶Ŀһס
Ȼֻ壬ѾһЩƽ޵ȻˣɢǿϢ
ҶԸоֻƽڲϵسɳţƵɳһĲΣԼʳ˰ɣʱҶ϶ܹһЩȻιЩһﻹһѵ顣
ֻǿ֮вϵѰЩǳ֮ʯɵˣ
Щƽ޵ǿӹɵģֻ壬ͨǿߣ۷弶ģҲ˵ˡΪ޵ʵ̫ǿˣ͸ǵ츳
Ӵ󣬵岫ɱǵóһЩǿս֮УǾ޵еɱ¾


898 ڤ
һֻƽޣҶмͬʱҲЩͷۣιʳֻƽ൱顣
ֻṩ㹻ǳ֮ʯƽ޲ɳǳ֮ʯƽܲܳһ⡣ЩһճͷôˣԺθڻһεóԵٶ
֪Ҷһֻƽޣʨүе𾪺Ͳ졣
Ҷĵʵ̫ˣͨ˵
ħ֮з˶ʮ죬˳ƬƬСǴأӽڤڵΧ񽢿ʼ
񽢴඼ǳߵȣħȻǱȽټġ
֮⣬˼ֻޣЩ޶ͨޣƽҲģӶ࣬ĽΪټֻһֻ
ЩͣԱһƬСǴϣͷϵһͷش򿪣ӳӰǼ۷弶ģ࣬е壬һ㶼ǵһ塣
Щǵ
ֻеһǿߣʸѱޣ
ӵ޵ģݵλǳ硣
һЩǿҲڤǣɼڤԶ
Զȥ֮һ޴ֺıݳҶ֮УƬƬСǾǺһ㣬Χձݲͣձݽʮž޴֮ϣձݵϿգһӴޱȵĵܣһֻ֣ڰСǡ
ձǰκ˶оޱС
񽢡֮ǲӽձݵģЩǿǽ֮ĶÿռƷղޣֻܹԹԵſ֮Уһǿ𣬳ձݵĴŷȥձǰ˶һֻһ㣬Сÿ
󣬽һֺĽҪķѶḶ́
ڤȻȻ֮нһôӴձݣʨү̾
ҶħͰꡢʨүһ𣬳ձȥ
ҶصǶʱ䣬ҶѾѪʥָ̨顢YһˣֻʣôöʨүҲ̳һöһѾλ
λǿߣȻдˣǵڤֵطǲԻСĽһЩΪá
߽ǿĴţȥһ·ޱ޼ʵĴ¼ǧˣｻͷӶʲôЩڱ˴˽ĳЩ
еĸȫڴˣǳǧٹ֡ǰڹ̨Ͽ֯Ϸĺ֮顢嶼У֮⣬һЩħ壬ħѪħʯħȵȡ
ǻһ嶼У
ͨǻһ޷뿪ģǻȴԣǱͨǻҪǿöĴڣĶǳԽģȻ״̬һ㶼ûһ塣
ǻһǲԸΪģۣʩʩȻǰȥ
漸֮սϣڤǣЩ֮ȴûзκĦֻǱ˴˽䱸š
ڤֻһЩ̶ĵطԴ򶷣طǽֹġ
ڤ֮Ҷоһǿ׵ϢϢڣ̫ģڤһУע֮С
ڤʵԷǳ£
֪ڤ;߶ˣ˭һ㡣
ڤܹ֮нһڤǣ治򵥣
ҶԶȥһЩǿڽŸƷи鱦ٶǴġиսս֮Ķ׵ҲΪӴ
ҶʨүԼ˺ɫĶ֮Уһ·С
ڤǣҶڤǵĺܶطȻǳģЩ׵ӣд˵ĵȵȡ
ЩطɢŨʮ־
ڤǲ֪˶ǳ裬ڤʵǿ֮⣬ĲƸҲﵽĳ̶ȡ
żᷢһ̣ЩȫǳɣӨ͸һһ㡣ǿòͣһ㶼ǵһǵڶġ
ȻֻһЩݸ߹󡢲Ƹ˵ǿߣʸ档
ĲҲ֮зǳϧҩÿһֶǼֵơ
һͳԵϽǺģһϽ൱һħʹħĻǻᱻЦġϽ֮⣬ʹһֽҵĶ
һֽ㾫Ķ̶ɵģ˵Ǵģһ൱ڼϽ
ҷǳϡ
ҶţѶϢܿرռ
ڤǣܹֻռڤǵİٷ֮һʣµİٷ֮ʮŶǲȥĵطٷ֮һҲǳˣֳ߸
һǾǶÿ춼Ÿɱ¾
һڵ򣬿Ʒ
ѡÿ궼иǿڤǣͨѡΣڤѡ֮󣬾ͼڤǡ
ĸǿڤǣűڤѡСҲɵĵط֮һЩǿߡűѡ֮󣬱Ҳûгֹڤ֪˶ٸǿߣ˶ʵ
ĸ˵ĸ߲Ҫ̸У鶼ڤǽС
͵߸򣬾˵ֻݴﵽһ֮ܽ룬ͨ˸֪ЩطǸʲôġ
ҶʨүָڤǵģҲûУǵ壬ײˡҪԼݣҪܸӵ̡
һ壬ԼĵλжΪ츳ʵ۲ǶȵùЩڶ塢ǵһ壡
ڵ֮УҲʲôߵ壬Ըϼˡ
ҶСӣһ׼ô죿ʨүѯҶڤǣѰɵƬǸ޴ӿʼ
ѡܲܽڤڲҶҶоɵƬڤ棬пڤڤʵ̫ǿˣǲǿᣬǾֻñİ취ˣ취ӽڤ˵
ҶĻʨүҪ˵ʲô˻ȥ
ڤǲô򵥵顣
ôڶࡢһ壬츳ǿıȱȽǣ
ʨүейȴǻ˻СȭͷЦһԣ
Ȼǵ壬˻ʥѪʥȣǵǿѾԶͨˡ
գǶҪСģҶСĵضг˼ţ֪ڤôһˣڤҲضкܶ೬ǿߣϣҪǵԷ
ҶĿǷɵƬ
ţ˵ͷ
ʲôȻڤڲ˵
Ҷʨүһ𣬳ڤǵѡȥһɫȵ˷ǵû٣
װĸǿǣһشΧˣĸط󲿷ֶǿߣǶڤǣΪڤǵһԱ
Χ˶ǵľߡ
ڤӴ˵Īҫֳǿ츳ڤǵǵΪضֱϡ
һ·ϣǿ߲Ϣ
ҶʨүͰ괩ŶͷǰУŵ͵ͳĬ


899 صڤ
һ·ǰƬ̣ǰ濪ʼ̲顣
ʲôģʲôΪѪħһǿվĸ飬ЩѪħһǿÿһٶǸλλġ
ѪħڵڶҲ۷ȺˣǵΪҲҲֻڤǵѡ
һ壬λ
ޣȻҲҹμڤǵѡΣһһΪмص
ֻеŭǲ˵ЩʲôЩѪħһǿߣǵڶ壬۷弶Ϊǵġ
ȥɣǽȥ˳ͲǵˣǼػ˻ֻ֣Ŀ˵Į
ÿμڤѡεģԵһ͵ڶӶ࣬ǳ٣һȥ֮󣬾ѡεĹˡ
ܿأǼѪħʵҶˡ
壬ࣿ
壬è
壬ϻʨ
ЩѪħһǿɫ죬ĵ廹࣡Щ
ڤеĵָҲһڤȨƵģǵһ͵ڶ壬ڤʲôǿ˭Ҳ֪˭Ҳ֪ڤʲôġ
ЩѪħҲûйΪҶꡢʨүֻᣬΪڤǵʮսУһλࡣλʵǳˣʮս֮ҲһĴڡ
Ǳλ֪ǹѵ壬˵Բ˶ߡ
Ҷ˺˳˽ȥ
ǺãҽĲƽһ壡ֻ˹ûΣһ׶׳ҶޣһЩиС
ޡһ壬塣
ʨүޡһ壬ĲƽĴøС
ĲƽĿֻڰʨүӹҶϣó˵Ҷˡ
ʵڵ嵱УĵλһֱһҪԸһЩ
ãҽҶʨүа꣡Ҷһ£Ȼʨүƺе֣ʨүϲôƺ
ҶоĲƽǲģ󲿷һһͷԱȽϼ򵥣Ϊʵ
ĲƽһҶ֪Ĳƽһ򣬽޵ĵλҪ磬ͼūΪҲ¡Ĳƽһ¥֮˳Ϊһǿߣε׷ɱΪǿȻƾǿ־ӲͻƵλ
ĲƽһҪڤǣĲƽᶨص˸һ˿ȡ
Ϊʲô
ΪڤһʵΪĵطֻҪ㹻ʵǵ壬Ҳܳͷ˵ڤµʮսУһ壡Ĳƽص
ΪޣĲƽܵ˺ܶѹȣĲƽƽƾŬڤǻһϯ֮أǿ֮˶׷ɱ
ҶоĲƽ츳ĺͨĲƽôλģڣ
ûбѡϣҲܶ࣡Ҷ
ǲҲ𣿡ĲƽЦĲƽоҶʨүʵӦԶ֮ϣȻһɣȻҵʵܲǣһЩ츳һ֮
ԣҶ˵ͷĲƽ˵ֱƣദǱȽġ
λ䵽һ˺ܳʱ֮ڽ˺
һۼʮǿߣλģͷܶܶҶûġ
ʮֿ㣬ס
ѡεĹ̵ôģ
˵ʣֱڣѡεḶ́ûκϢй¶档
˽ͷӶ۷׷׵ʱ򣬴Ͽճһ޴ħ࣬Ȼһħ
ħ۷弶ǿߣһƬƣ
ڤ¹Ȼʲôǿ߶УѪħһ֮⣬Ȼħһģ
룬ûоԵĵˣҲûоԵѣֻоԵ档ħһѪħһ嵱УѳħѪɫڤǵģӦò
ѡΣڣˣʸڤǣҲܹôʲôֶΣֻǸħϵص
ЩλǻȻˣһͷӶʼɾۼһ
û˿ҶˣڨҪϵģ϶һЩǿߣǿϵġ
֮еħĿɨиǿߣҲҶɨ
ȻЦٹ̵ˣҲױ߽⣬ߵ˻Σյģ
ЩǿоЩǣΪ˽ڤǣ˶᲻ֶΣɱ¾ߵѣ
ǿǣγʮĵ㣬ʮˣλǿĴڡ
ĲƽĿ⳯ԶȥҶߵǱǸѪħ߱ѪħһʮŴѪͳʵǿʮλӡΪ˼ڤǣ˺ܶ׼һЩǿĶֶһЩ˽⡣
Ѫħһ಻ͬѪͳԽ߹츳ԽǿѪħһһѪͳǿģһһȥ츳ͻ᲻ʮŴѾǳѪͳˣͨλǼٴ֮Ѫͳ
ҶԶȥһɫ߰ˣӢɫ԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫʢװ߾ۼʮλѪħдǿߡ
˵ʵǿһˣܹᲢ۵ģֻǼһǻһǻ꣬ҹĲƽһָȥǻǳأ˵֮УֻĳЩǣпܵǻ꣬ǿ뿪򣬱ʵٶҲᳬ󡣡
ǻꣿ
ҶԶȥȻԷһ壬Ҳû̬һģһϮ¾װ
ĲƽϢǳͨҶŸǿߡ
߱ҹнһ塢ĺ֮һ塢ħһȵȣһЩǿǰμڤǵѡΡ
ΪڤǵһԱ˵롣
ΪһܹļзڤһǳصĴڣ˭Ҫõһǿߵָ㣡ȻǸбȽˣҪڱ֮мڤʵǿߣǷǳѵġ
ڤּǿ߽һεǵΪһ硣
˭Ҳûۼڤֻ֪ڤʵǳǿ
˵һȺѪħѪħһλĻǿѱ䣬ڤǣҪѰڤıڤҲ޹˼ɵؽǡ
λѪħһŭ֮ɱڤǣҪڤǻйߡ
ǳϵǣڤ֪ʲôطֻһָ㽫ǸѪħֻǱӡ
֮ûκ˸ڤơ
ǸѪħҲûڤ鷳
֮УҲֻЩ˵ĳȻڣסڤЩȻһǲ׳ġ
ڤǿ󣬼ڤֻռһûнҰģҲͷڤǵĴڣƾڤǶ֮⡣


900 һ
֪ڤѡǿҪ˵ʲô
ҶꡢʨүĲƽصȴţ˼ѰѲͬҶʨүǳƽôű˴˶ڤĿ
ǲѰͬ𣿡ĲƽҶʵֿ˿ʨүҶδҲ̫˵㡣
ҶҡҡͷáҪұ˽ĻȥɡҶãĲƽΪԼ˲ȫ
Ĳƽʼ磬ЦŵȥǣҲգɴ໹ǸǺˣ
Ҷ΢΢ף֪ЩŶжǿҶڴﻹǸоôϢģƺѷɫ
Щǿߣ͵
ǵ츳̥ʹ˳ܶܺķѱľҲ޷սʼǣкܶһս
ܶ˶ʼΨҶ˱ԣԵеȺ
Ҷǵݵ̬ȣǶЩ졣
߱ԶԶ˹Ҷ˵ǲһЩȤΪоҶʨүа͸Ϣͨࡢͬ
ҸһᣬΪҵˣҿԴѪħǰѵ߱ɫȻһּΪ̬߰Ҷ˵еģӵеڶҶ˱ضϲ
Ѫħǵڶ嵱е۷ڣ
Ҷбһ߱һǿЦĪ߹ñ˵ˣΪİ
ûȤҶЦһмһˡ
ʨүҲһɢ߱Աߵİǿ߱һۡ
Ĳƽ˿Ҷֿ˿ʨү꣬Ȼһ˭ᣬ൭Ȼǲ׵ͷ­ȥ߱˵ģҶ˵̬ȣЩɻΪĲƽҶ˶߱Ƿĵ
ͺǱѪħҪߵȵĴڣ
߱Ϊͨ廹ðͰ͵Ľż⣬ȴû뵽Ҷ˾Ȼһ̬ȣ
߱ŭЦһǺܺãһѡξͿʼˣʱһضȥ߱һŨŨвζ֪˿ɲ
СˣҶɨ߱һۣص
ҶǲײĲᣡ߱ǲ԰׵ϣ¶ȻǼΪջΪڶеľ۴ڣ佨ȺѪħĵλ˿ѷɫһЩһ塣߱С󣬺һӹ
Ѫħ󲿷ֵ࣬ǵˣʹŰӲҷ
㣬ܺãйȵ棬ҵҪĹͷûôӲ߱һ뿪
߱Ȼɨӣ
ԷȻǵޡ
ǿЩ㶣߱棬ǿļڣ
ʱԶǻҹ༸λǿߣ࿴ҶһۣǺܿƿĿ⡣
ÿ궼һЩҪڤǣնڻң޼ҶڻȽ֪ˡ
Ҷŵȴѡοʼʱ򣬴һߣǿڽͷӶ
Ҳλģܹʮˣֻǵϣ͸ĳħԵϢ
Ǹ˾ǹҪҵҶ
һȥţ˸һȥɱ
Щ˶Գǹһ·׷ٵ
Ƭ̣Ǹħǵõ˭ָʾصڿտĴ֮Уһֵѡμʼǽȥɣһֵѡβɱˣ
ǰһǳɵĴŻش򿪣ǿǷ׷𣬳ȥ
ӹ֮ǰһƬӿĴسһ߾ˮײģ֮ࡣ
һУҶһ֮ء
һֽῼǵǿȣǽˮײ֮󣬾ͻһõ磬ÿɱһˣͿԼһ֣ͬʱԻöԷϵķ֮棬һλǿأǵǿȣħϵÿ˵Ķ
һֿ˵ľȻǿȣ
һǿ߳Ƭ̣׷׳Զȥˮײ֮С
Ҷʨүһۡ
ҶСӣһǶҪˣʨүٺһЦЦ͸һֱζҶǿȣû˵֮صʱѾʶˡ
ҶһЦǲ֪磬֮ǰľȥǸʲôͬ
û뵽һѡǱǿȣҶóġҶǿҲǳߡ
һضĲƽ˵еѶȣΪΪһ壬ĲƽǿȻ㲻ǿȾͲôˡǿȻǿȣڶ塢һܹûñȡ
ĲƽЩֵǣҶͰ궼һɵı飬ʨүһЦ׬ʲôһ
ߣҶ
ҶꡢʨүĲƽ𣬳Щȥ
ԶѪħһǿһ׷׽˱ף߱ζؿһҶѪħһҲӵзǳǿ츳
ֻϧһزɱˡ
߱ɺͷ촽ΪѪħһ壬źսѪҺκοòˬˣҪɵ
ҶꡢʨүĲƽȺԽһ߱ףɺá
֮һĿİ׹
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Ҷо겻ϵǿһַǳ˵ĳ̶ȡҶ꣬Ѿǿޱȵˣ֮صʱҶǿȾѾѷɫڸλˡ
ڵҶǸʱΪһΣ
棬ҶΪ۷弶ǿߣҲ֮ƥУ
Щ֮ǳǿĵһ塢ڶ壬ǿȳԽĿǰĵȽףҲֻܴﵽλ
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Щڶ黹׷ʲô飬ѪħǿߵΪǳǿǸоľηû뵽Ȼ֮һָֻץסˣȫ޷
ǹǿϢѹȵǸѪħǿ߼Ҫˣ
ǳԶտȥԼ·𿴵һޱȾ޴֮Уɫׯϣַ
һǿ֮ӿǸоԼκеһҶһ㣬ǹʱпܰǾɳȥ
ǸѪħǿ¶˾ѵı顣
ĪǾǴ˵е
Ȼ˭
ѵǵһĳλǿ
ЩΧ꣬ҶʱΪŭϲ˼ءһǸѪħǿ߱ըѿһ
Щڶǿ߼״һŵƨɢܡ벻ףô֮ô̬һһ
ǵǿһѪħǿ߶Էֱ󱬣ǵʵҶĶˣ
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أ
һ鱻ҶĲӬһ˵ϡ
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ҶӰһϰֱַ꣬˱ΧʨүĲƽ
ĲƽҶûľ޴ɵۡ
Ǵ˵е
ȵ֮ǿ
ѹڽ֮ǰҶͰ˵ʨүһ׬˵ı顣һ֣ҶǺõһɣ˭ܸɵùҶ
Ҷʵ̫ˣǾǸǻҹҶ¶߲һ֣
棬Ҷֱ켶Ĵڣ
ʱ缫һ֮Уһɫս׵׳ϥ
ȫ֮ûɵģ׳ڹһƬյϣǺħһǿߡ
ħһǳϡٵһ壬ȺҲѣÿһħһǿ߶Ǿţÿһľ硣
ħһ֮ǳǿƬ֮ûģȻûһַǳߵȵĴڣҪߵȵ֮Ȼɣܹ޼
оһ۾૵˵û뵽Ȼһţ
ֻӵ񻹲ҪҶ츳Ρ
֮Уʮǿڻս֮У֮ͣؼš
Ҷʨүаһ䵱Уûвμս
ǲս𣿡ĲƽҶˣʵ
ٴһᣬȻɵʵǿľͿˣʨүЦеص
ĲƽΣҶƬһ̬ĴڣһǿĶǾܵظɵһЩӣȻҪЩǿ
Ҷ˵뷨ǣЩǿ߶ɵһЩˣһЩȻҶȥǸɵʡʡ
Ȼվλòͬ뷨ҲͲһˡ
ʨүĲƽļ򣬵СӣǻǲģȻҶСӸץһߵĹ㰴ڵϣ߱һؾͨˣ
Ĳƽ죬֪˵ʲôˣⶼУ
ʮսǿУм˼ֱǹҫޱȵĴڣѪħ߱Ѿɱǧˣϵսųҫ۵Ѫ⣬֮ҡ
ǻҹҲѷɫȫڳʢİ׹֮Уҫ۶ĿһɫĹΧΧȫᴩ
ʮˣʵѰĴڣ˿ѷɫ߱ҹ
ս˰Ȼʱ걻䱬˳硣
ҶһֱԹⳡսЩ˵ʵҶ֣һȻֻλ𣬵ǿѾѷɫͨλǿˡϾǵһࡢڶٮٮߣӵг׵ʵҲ
Щ˸Ҷȣѷɫ˺ܶࡣ
ҶꡢʨүĲƽؿš
ʱڶǿ߳˹ģǶǴӻҵսģǿһѾٶķٵ㡣
ǵʵѾϲˣȥǾЩˣΪѾ˼ǿģûܳ˼⣬ȶ˵
ϿӹʱǿյϵҶꡢʨүĲƽ
ǱߣȻĸһˮһǿߵ
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Ȼˣĸߣͷĵһǿߵ
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Ҷû񣬷һЩ˾ͱˡ
ҶСӣûˣʨүһЦʨүҶеˣ
ڶľҶֿɵõȴû뵽ѾҶʨүȵŵ
Ĳƽ˿ʨүֿ˿Ҷ⼸ڶǿߵ³ôˡ
ʨүɵЦݣǸˮһǿЦһЩһﲻǱɵ˰ɣȻЦ
һֻ࣬ޣҲԼûϷǳȥأǸħһǿ߳ŪЦ
Ҷʨү껹Ĳƽ˵һҲûлҵӣǸһǿͻȻһ˿õԤС
ߣһǿߴһ
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Щһﵹͦôͷԣ
ҶѸٵһ޴񣬾ƺХȥڶǿȫץ
ֻһУһûܵ
Щڶǿ߲ͣţȴʼ޷ѣɵˣȫû뵽ҶȻôǿĴڣǿֲľ޴һȫɥʧ˵ֿ־
Ϊȫһεġ
Ǹڰ˭鷳ãΪʲôƫƫ⼸ɷǣ
Ȼ类ɵҲû£Ǻò׸ɵô˻µķһӾûˣƿ֪
Ҷ΢ţ˰ѹ˵ϡ
·㲻ߣ㴳ʨүغٺЦţǼڶǿ߹Ƕжٷ֣
ʮһ֣Ǹһǿߴͷɥص˭֪һֻ޾Ȼôǿ޲ǵǸһǿߺƣԺ໹ޣƵ߰ɡ
ٶʮ֣
һʮ֣

ڶǿҲֻܹԹԵرԼõķ
ЩСӲȻŪô֣ʨүص˵ͷ
ʨүĻЩڶǿ߸ˣǵʵɱһǧҲǲܵģƫƫҶˣֻܹԹˡ
СǣǵķǾˣ´γ۾ʲôʲô˲ǣʨүǸһǿߵԴ
Ǽڶǿһ׵ĸ򣬱Ҫ


902 񡤺ɨ
ǼֻԼ̫ù˭뵽һ໹ֻޣΪ嶼ֻ׸ķݣ˭뵽Щһô̬
Щʨү껹ĲƽǷ˰ɣҶһضҶ˵ʵ̫ˣȰѷʨүĲƽȻȥɵ֣ǣ򵥵úܡ
ȻҲǳ󣬵ǸȻѷɫ̫ˣ˾ҶҲ׾ǵλá
һأ޵켶Ĵڡ
һܵ
ҶѾ⣬Ҫڤǵע⣬ڤǵڲͱչֳ㹻ǿʵпܽӴڤĴڣ
Ҷ׼ɨһأ
Ҷ֣ꡢʨүĲƽɵٶǿߣķѸһǧ֣ѾǷǳߵˡ
ҶСӣǵѾǰˣǰ֮ʨү˱ܴõһЩѶϢ֪˵
ߵ˭ҶԶȥʵ
ߵǸǻҹһĦҮһǿߣ߱ǰһķþˣÿ˶һ֣ҹѾˣʨү֮̾һǧ֣ʵǲʲôˡ
Զ룬ǿ߰Ȼն˴֮䶼һЩ⣬˽ľߡ
ҹɸҸһսĦҮۻޱȣͨǿоѪĤҪѡ
ĦҮϣ͸Ȼİһ׳׵磬һޱȾ޴ĳ
ǻҹնϹâɡ
ĦҮʵұȻһ㣡ҹɨһԶ߱Ƶص˼࣡
߱ɫһĦҮɫҲѿ
ΧЩΧ۵ǿа룬ҹȻȻҪһսͬ׵ĳ֡
⸽ۼһǧǿߣЩǿÿٶмʮϰ٣ǧ֡
Щǿ߶ǳս֮ģ
һǧǿߣǽʮ鵱ǿĴˡ
һǧǿߣһյ۷Ծ
ҹҲ̫˵㣬ӮĦҮҽҲ٣߱һ
ģʮǿߣƺҲԾԾԣҪսţǵʵҹĦҮ߱ࡣǶλ׶԰Ⱥ۵ľţ
һޱȣ˭ҲϷ˭
սܣۿһսҪʼˡ
ʱһӰͻȻ롣
ҶվЩǿ룬ҶȻһݵӡ
һսǻǲشˣҶƽ˵
ҶͻȻ֣жΪ֮һݡ
Ҷֵ̫ͻȻˣҹĦҮ߱˶ûпҶôмġ
˭ҹüעҶҶϸоһ˿в
㣿߱ϳҶҶǸղǸ࣬һ࣬ʲô˿̵Ҷϸоһ˿ΣյϢѪƣעҶ
ʱӲͬ߱ʼؿǰࡣ
ĦҮҲǰעҹƿҶϡ
ʱΧһǧǿߵ۾ȫעҶ
Ҳشˣ˷ʱ䡣ʮ飬ֻʣһǧ𣿡Ҷܣ΢΢һЦȫɵӦüʮְɣ
Ҷһ䣬ǿ߻Ȼ
ҶδҲ̫ŲˣȻ˵Ҫȫɵ
Сӣʲô
֪֮ͽ
һǧǿ߷׷Ҷ
ҹĦҮ߱ɫȻǰ˿
ҪһǧǿߣҶǿûˣ
еκһҲ˵ܹһǧǿߵ֣һǧǿߣǼʮս֮ģ
οҶֻһѣ
Ҽ࣡ҹһˣ岻ǻһ崴ĵѣҹĻУһŨŨӡ
ǻһ崴
ǻÿ춼ڲͣش࣬Ǿ޿ɱ粵ˣҶδǻ괴࣬Լķʽ֮зϢ
ͳߵ۲ȫŵģ
ǻΪܹõؿȺĻԣ
ǽǳ˼ʶҶһЦ޾ػܡ
ǵҪ㾿жı£ĦҮƢ𱬣Ҷ˿е׵磬Ҷնȥе׵Ѹٵرһ㡣
оǿ׵֮ͷնҶһʼѸٵر󣬻һɵľˡ
أ
ĦҮе׵ϣ⣬ЩѸٵɢˡ
ĦҮ̧ͷȻؿ;޴˲ɫȻ񣡶ǿ̶ȣֱ׵նϣȻ˿ۼû¡
һǧǿ߾ĪؿҶ񣬷Ӧ֮׷Ѹٵɢ
˿̾ҹ߱Ҳɫ䡣
ǸоϣǿȵҪǾɳȥҲ˸ҳЦҶղŵЩ
ɱҹ߱ףһҶɵǾֻܵűҶơ
Ǳ˴֮Ǻܶͷǵһϵһ
ҹϹâɣȻӴȭһųȼյĺһ㣬Ҷȥ
Ϊ߹ĵһ壬ǿȺ֮һҹһǿҵİǻһǲƵģȻҪͶڤǣȻǻһİ
оǹɳȵҶ֣ҹѹȥ
䣡
ҹһȭҶľϣȴֻЩۼЩۼܿʧˣ
һǿޱȵ̩ɽѹһ㣬ҹѹ
Ƶѹ֮£ҹܿƵط棬һ죬ҽ˵棬汻üѳȥ
һĻ˶ɵۡ
λǿߵУҹӦļ֮һˣ޷һıҲˡǣôһǿߣȻҶһƾѹˡ
δҲ̫ˣ
ֱ̬ļһʵ̫ƻƽ˰ɣ
λ˵УΪʲôһ̬Ĵڣ
ʵ棬Ҷʵҹ߱ĦҮ޼棬Ҷ޵аĴڣҹָ߹ǻ꣬ҲҪҶһѹ
̧ҹѾҲ̶ˣҡҡλΣֻʣһƲлꡣ
ͬǿһѹҹʷ飡
ⲻܣΪʲôҹ챯ôԸǻһ嵱УҲ츳ˣǾȻһĵҰܵ˺жô֪
Ҷǵһ۾ĿҪܵ߱ƺƵشȥղŲ˵Ҫѵ𣿡
߱Цѵƨû뵽ҶʵȻǿ˾˵ĳ̶ȡڤǸĳǿߣҶôǿ󣬱ʵ϶Ҳȥһǿߣʵǲ֮٣
֪߱ǣ棬Ҷǿ˵߱ѾԶҶΪ˲ǵļ֮һ


903 
оҶǿѹ£߱ɲøҹһңһѪ⣬˲ܳٹ
ߣһҶֳ߱ץȥ
߱оԼʲôסһ㣬ϵص˶أֱײ֮С
䡱һ졣
߱˵ϣҲҹһһƲл꣬ۿžҪʧˡ
ҶǰɣҼסˣΪΪܳưˣڤǣҲ㣡ҹغһĲʡ
ҹ˴μڤǣΪһλĺҹ츳ΪҪ֮ϣѾ۷ǿˣϾҪ볬ԽľˣڤڤصĶ
ҹˣţҶһ˭Ҷ㣡
˵ţҶƣأϽҹĵصס
ҹʣһƲлֱ֮꣬ɢ˳硣
Ҷ񻷹ܣĿɨ
ΧЩǿǶˣĦҮһǿҲûҶ߱ܳٹ￪ⶼˣ֮Уܶõȥ
ҶĿ߱ϡ
߱ЦɲҹһҶþһ顣
䣬Լȥ߱ٵ˵ءһɢ˳ȥȻԾķǹҶС
ɵ֮Ҷķ˲˵һڶĦҮ
ҹ߱һһһ׵ظɵˣ˻ʲôɵֿģ
֮Զ֮С
ǸħһսȻţ˿߶һˣüĿ֮ҹмơ
Ȼǻĺҹ
ڤʵɲ⣬֪ڤʮսλţһ۷弶ĴڣϾͿԳһˡĺҹ츳ߵġ
ħһս΢ЦſԱߵĺҹļ츳û뵽Ȼһܻܵǿ
ĺҹɫҹ츳൱ģλо϶֮УԭҹأһͿҹһλս¡
ȿҹõҲԹڤǵĵλû뵽·ɱһĪ࣬ļƻ
ĺҹһЦڤÿ궼кܶż룬ܶ˵ʱǾžޣǺܹһ·׵޼ڤǲǵĵһѣ˭ļֵһأ
Ǹħһս˿ĺҹֻЦЦۣĺҹ˵ģȷʵмֵȻÿ궼кܶ䣬ҲкܶЩڤǵ֧
ĺҹһ
Ϊǻ꣬ĺҹ츳ȷʵףѾﵽ˸ߵľ磬δǰ;ΪڤǺʵȨĺҹҲҪͿġ
ĺҹĿؿ֮ľ޴֪ð࣬оһ˿в
ʮսǸصǿߣĺҹȷǸ˵ʵݣֻһ棬ԷǿʵĥӡԭΪ࣬ȻҲ˾磬顣
Ȼڤ֮ĶԹһʹڤڲɱĺҹ壬ǱһľֻЩǻףǻһ嵽һʲôĹϵ
ҶɨһǿߣĺҹɫˮҶڤѾһ޷赲ˣҲ޷ӰѡεĽ
ڤ棬һжðڤǵĹ
ҹڤûʲôģǾûôҫˣս»ǲˡʮλսһǳĴڣҪͽĻֻվţͨӹ֮ǲҪġֻѷɫôһ㣬Ҳῴۡ
ĺҹջΪϵڤǵĵλ
棬ǿɫɥشһ߾ˮײڴŻָꡣ
ʮˣµš
ҹ߱˸ռ˺󷽴еһ䡣
˴ŰСʱҶʨүĲƽһӱ֮Ծߵ˺󷽴
˲䣬ʮ˵Ŀ⡢ȫҶϡ
ǵָӣһ㡣
ĽмʣҲоη
֮ǰ֮棬˭ûаҶϣ˭⼸壿ȻҶͻȻɱǿƵ̬ɨˣһȫò
ˣҲСҶˡ
ҹҶĿгޣҶܣôʧӰ˴Ĳ֣һжҶ
ʵҶƺѷɫһԶҶǾԶ֮ҪˣҲҪõУʱ񣬲Ѱ𣬶Ƚڤ˵
߱ˣǳ׷ˣĻҶҶĿ⳯ԼɨӹϽƿĿ⡣
ĦҮҲˡ
е֮ǿΪҪǸһǿģǽضǳҡ
ҶףԼɨѾסˣǲԼʵʵһ¹ƲٸԼˡҪ֪Լʵʵʵǲ֪࣬ǻô룿
ǹɱҶЩ˿Ҷڵķ֮ǽ֮󣬲ŷЩǿߵʵжǿûһӣȫɵˡ
Щǿ߼ֱǿף˵Ҷ˶ɨˣ𾪲ѣЩš
ǵʵҶǰ̲˶ǣ
ǶҪɱҶóǹǱɸǿĸֹǵҶ뿪ڤǵʱٶ֡
֮УǸħˡ
һֲ˵ǿȣλڤǵĴѾǵıּ¼ˡһ˶ܻһٸˣ˳üǸħζؿˣĿһһǿɨ
Щǹʧɫηˣȫ˳뿪˴
ʮˣֻһˣ
Ҳ̫˵㣡
̭Ҳ̫ˣȻڤǣȥֱ죡ÿڤǵ˲ܽڤǵȴ޼
Ƭ֮󣬴֮½½վ뿪
һһǶǸţԭǶʵǳŵģ֮󣬲ǿǿ֣һսǺܶʵ˵һֻһˣǶԼûˡ
Ǻпܻһأ
һһ뿪ˣԭ˵ĴԽԽա
ʮˣˣձǧˡ
ʣµ˶ǲȥġ
ǶڤǣҲϧ
ĲƽҶʨүȻĵͷǲعң֪ҵʵܲԽڤǣˣҲ
Ϊʲôѡ˳ҶĲƽʵ
ȻˣĻ˳ȥĵĲƽ־ᶨǵӾ߻ͷ·ĲƽѾ˲֪ٴˣȻҲҪڤǵ֮·ϣ
ΪһǿߣĲƽӣһҪڤǣΪһǿߣΨһĻᣬȻҲ


904 Դ
ĲƽĻҶ΢΢ףĲƽȻ츳Уһǿ־ǿ־
ǻᾡ㣬ܷڤǣҪԼˣҶҲֻôˣԼҲ֪ڤǽʲô
ħʣµǧǿߡ
ǧ׼ӭӵڶص𣿽һأֻһˣһ˽ڤǣˣֻܹãǸħЦ졣
֪ôģ󲿷ǳҶҹ߱˶Ե÷ǳ
ţһˣôҲǣ
ڶʵǿľУʵǿҲܱħĿ⣬Ӽǿɨ
仰Ҷҹ߱Щʵǿĸ֣Ķ͸һĨ⡣
ʵǿҲп
ôģ
˿̾ǸǿߣҲҵˡ
ħҺͬ飬棬һʵǿҲܻ
ǧǿʼ˽Уʼֳһ顣
ĦҮվ߸һǿߣһǿ߶ֻĦҮѷɫѡ
ĦҮĿɨҶϣһǿ߳Ҷ˹
Ҷ̧ͷĦҮһۣĦҮһĴ󺺣ϲһ͹ļ⡣
ܸܲ㣿ĦҮҶ
Ϊʲô
ΪǿʱǿģĦҮ֣صص
ҶĬƬ̣΢΢ס˵ڸУһǱȽʵŵ壬Բ󵹸顣
ĦҮһǿھҶԶĵط
Զ߱״룬ֳ֮ɫҲҧžŸѪħһǿվߵҶߣ߱Ҷʵܼܲ룿
ҶЩɣһǿߣԸѪħһˣΪѪħֹΣѪħһļ黫ݡ˲õӡ
Ҷ߱ˣСġ
ЩˣǾûҪˡ
ҲųѪħһ嵱УҲŵùġ
ҶĦҮȥֻĦҮ˵ͷ
ĦҮֹ߱Σ˴֮ӦôһЩ˽⣬Ҷû뵽ĦҮȻͷͬ⡣룬߱ѣҶҲзѹ
ҵĶ飬ʱһжҪҵΥԸҶ߱
ҶϬĿ⣬̹߱ȻصͷǵȻȻҲˣ
߱һ߰ˣƽʱ˭棬ҶˣŸĵͷҪҶĶ顣
Զǻҹ߿һۣɫˮʮ֣ʵǿĦҮ߱ѷɫѣ⻹ٶͨǿߡ
ҹҶ˽ǿľ֣
ǻĵĸ߰ǾԲмڼҶĶ飬Ҷġ
Ҷɨһ۵磬֮ǰڵص¥Ū˺ܶսףս׺׺սסս׵ȣ󲿷ҶѾԪǣֻһЩս׺ͺս׳
ҶǰѾָʨүÿһսף˿ĲƽĲƽ˲ʱ˹ֿϧġ
ҪҪĲƽһսף
ҶţֻϿյħʼ˵Ĺˡ
棬ʹ͵սʹκսף򽫻ᱻԶ磡
ȻʹսףҶüǾ͵Ĳƽлһװɣ˶ӡ
絽ʲôط
Īĵص㣬ħ˵磿
ĦҮ߱˼֮мҶĶ飬ҶĶٶˡ
ǧˣշ˲ʮж٣ˣٵһˡ
ҹĿ䣬翼˵ݾ˵βͬȫܣĺҹҲ֪
֪ΪʲôҹһЩ絽ʲôһط
˵ָһƬصĵشδ֪кܶΣա
һطܹ
Ҫ֪ǧˣտֻһ˻
ǸɣϿǸħһ·ǰһĺΰȣһ֮У沼һ޴ķ󣬵ϲ˸صķģһš
ǿ߲ţӦͨͨħΪʲôڻû˵
Ĺ򵽵ʲô
԰ôأûнǿ߷׷׽¡
أħϷʵؿˣĿ˸о⡣
أ
ͷƤ飬ǵʲôطҲʹսףһʹս׾Զˡ
жܹ
۷׷֮ʱǿһ˽
Ǹӵħ⼸ǿߣֳ˹֮ɫ
˵Ŀ˲ȫ۽⼸ǿߵϡ
ܹһǻꡢһħһ塢һһ塢һѪħһ塢һħһ壬Ȼһģ
߸죬죬ǵϣ͸һɿֲޱȵϢ
Ҷ𾪲ѣǿߵϢȻЩҪǿ
ڤǵʵȻˡ
磡ҹǸǻ꣬ǰһ
Ǹǻ꣬ҹĴĺҹ
ĺҹҹһۣ΢΢ףû˵ʲô
ҹ¶һȻɫƳһҶһüĸо֮ǰ类ҶıĳѾһЩ
Ա߸ҹĸǿߣ۾˲ĺҹȻûӦͷľٶѾ֤ˣҹĵܵܡҹȻûҹڤڲˣ
ЩǿߣʱΨҹհһЩٵĶ飬ҲҪҹĶ档
ҹĶ˲䵽ǧ֮ϡ
ҶҹǱߵľٶȫ⣬Ŀǿߵеϡ
һϵˣɫֶۣһȻơ
λǿͬһĸоƽޱȵĺ棬ˣ֮ﵽ˻Ȼһĳ̶ȡ
ҶȫоʲôǿߣҲֱ治˸Ϲӡǿ
·ҲоʲôĿ⣬Ҷ߿˹
ǧǿߵУֻҶΨһһ࣡
ҶĿӣΪɲ⣬һƬǿա
ʱǧǿ߲ŷ֣ǿߵУȻһǵ࣡Ϊһ࣬Ȼôǿ߲ǿߵʲôģ
뵽ǰɨ˵ҶҶ˹ѵһڤҲˣ
ҶʱϾȥЩڲ²ǿߵݡ
ǧǿУмСš
Դڤʮս֮һ˵ʮս棬ΪҲǰС֪ʵʵֻһݣɲ⣡
ԴǸ𣿾˵Ϊڤһǿ߾Ȼܴﵽ˾˵ľ磡
ԴҶһ˿𾪺Ϳϲ֮ɫǺܿأһ˿κ˶ûз֡


905 
ԴʵΪľѾﵽ˹ž޲ĳ̶ȣʲôһ˿Ĳ
˭ûע⵽Դı仯
Դеһ˿˷֮ɫֻһӶԱߵĺҹ˶ûз
ˣûܹͨڤǵ˼뵽ڤǣܹͨڤǣҿΪͽԴҶ˻дһ˿
ǧǿԴĻһȫ۵ؿҶ
Ҷ˹ʺˡ
һǿ߾츳ڤ֮ҲҪӵײҶܰԴǿߵ£Ǿ͵һˣ
мʵ÷ȴұֳҶı֣жһļɵ
ĺҹˣЩ⣬ɻ
ǶԴЩ˽⣬ԴŹ֣ǿ߽Ӵڤ֮޼Ҳû˵Դκͽ˼
ǽ죬ԴֻǿҶһۣȻ˵Ҫͽ
һɻ飬ѵΪԷһࣿ
ǲϸһҶ뵽֮ǰҶûѹиǿߣĪҶϣЩ֮
Щ˲ͬǣҶڳ˼һ顣
ԴԪǣ
֮䣬᲻ʲôϵ
ҶԪ˵ĳҶǵúǰԴĻҶӦϳԴλûκε֮
ǿߵʲô
ԴΪһ壬ʵȻ˾ˣϹӡ֮䣬ûʲôϵԴϲʶϹӺ;أ
лǰ⣡ȿһ£ܹڤǣٿǰ飡ҶֵԴݲ֪ǵѣҶһ˿衣
ԴǿߣҪͽֻҪųϢ˽ðΣҲϧҶԴĻش𣬾Ȼǿһ
Ա߸ǿǵɴ۾ֱţΪʲôԴеҶеǣֻҪԴһڣǿ϶ʹӦˡ
Ҷǲ֪ô
ԴƢԹŹ֣ҶĻظƻԴװɣ
ҹ˲еֻ
ǣԴƢƺرĺãȻ΢΢ͷԣʱһģ
ԴȻ˵ȥҶҶҵ
⾿ô£ڶǿ߶Դе㷢£ȫⲻˡ
ҶֿʼĺҹظоһЩвԴľٶȷ뷨
ĺҹоҶȻǿ󣬵ҲֻǿѣҲ͸ҹ޼һ˿֮ɫҶʲôݣлᣬҶڤ֮ǰ˵
ĺҹǻһЩطҹš
ɵ°ѱĺҹɭصĺҹˣκζвˣ½ֻչ¶һ˿ͷҲȺԥس
ҵʵĶ֡ҹƵص棬һֿݣ룬ؿڻһ
СӵеŹ֣㲻صģʵ㣬ҪʱʩչطԸɵĺҹƶص
ʩչط˼ԴҹЩĵص
صģڤǣҰŪҩһ£ȻָĺҹһҶֶζԸһλ⻹Ǵδй飡
õĺҹָʾҹҲûк֮ˡ֪ΪʲôҪԸҶҹҲе㲻ףĺҹ飬ǾԲаģҶùˣ
ҹߣѾ£ǧѺˣҶܣٶ˶ѡ
ҶټҶԸټࡣ
ЩǿߣиԵĿģǿռһҲһȺں֮ڰˡ粻֪ʲôһطһǧ˵Ķ飬̫ƺƵĿ̫ˣԱȽϺá
Ҷʮʮ˵Ķõģٶ˵Ķ鶼е̫ˡ
Ϊ˱һЩǿͶҹǱߣҶѡһЩʵǿߣǼ롣
ʱԴĺҹǿһʲôһߵ˷Χռλá
λãǴ߶Ĺؼڡ
ǽ͵磬ͬʱʱ۲ǵĶǵһ£ŻˣлصĲԣԴƽ˵üؿһҶ
գһЩӵг츳ǿߣҲп
֪ڤôѡһֲԷ
ǧǿߣ½˷֮С
Ҷȫۼһϡ
ĦҮһҶҹһЩ⣬ۼôˣܻǶ֣
Ҷ΢΢ףȫûκ
ĦҮ߱Ҷ򶨣û˵ʲôˡȻǼҶĶ飬׼ҶһߵˣǸҹҲǺܶͷ
еǧǿ߷ֳӡ
Դĺҹλǿ߿ʼʩһʱյ֮˷۹ڷϿţγǿʱշ籩ʱշ籩뿴ȥǧ֮ľ󣬶سǵǰ
Ҷ֮еľǣҲ΢΢
ǰҶоС
֮ϣľʱյ֮Ĳˣ
Դĺҹڤǿߵʱյ֮Ѿ˷ǳĳ̶ȡԲŻԵǿ˵ߵʱյĳ־硣
Ҷţ֪Ҫʲôʱ򣬲ܴﵽľ硣
ʱշ籩֮пȥǧǳһӶ
أʱշ籩ȶ׹䣬һһ㣬ǧǿ˽ȥ
ಣ
ǧǿڷ֮ʧ
Ҷٴ۾ʱ򣬷ԼѾһƬŹֵ磬ﵽĩһǳƬ籼ӿĽһ㣬ͣطתʱûɸ״
Զ޾գǿյľͷܿһƬƬ⻡شһƬ⻡ش״Ӧ
ڤǵЩǿߣȻһ󣬾ͽ͵һط
ҶꡢʨүĦҮ߱Ⱥܿؾۼһٶһ١
ԶȥҹҲۼǧ˵Ķ飬ҶĶӴöࡣ
ҹ£һǧ֮ĿҶߣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
˸һȸɵǣҹһһѾһѳѳͨųʢİ׹⣬ޣһѸ߽׻
ҹĻҹµһǿҶ߿˹
᲻Щף
ǰǻ֪ʲôطɱ
ҹɨһЩˣһһѵǲ֪ĹأֻܻһˣȸɵǣǵĻʹܶ࣡
ҹĻһ˼Ƭ̣һﶼе춯
Ȼҹ˵ĻеɵһǵĻȷʵܶ࣬Ҳⴧ⣬ʣµе࣬ҹ᲻ǣ
Ϊ˹أҹŲǵ
ȻҹģҪΪԼǵġ
ҲҹҹĸڤǵĴǿߣ˭ɱҹƳԲ˶ߣ
һǧǿ߳Ҷ߰Χ˹


906 ʹħ
ΧĸǿߣĦҮȻЩһôͰ಻סˣǹâеޱׯϣѾս׼
ĦҮվ֮УҹҹеӳҸһܻû꣬ĪǻһôҪҪԶ𣿡
Զҹм㵱ɵﵥ
ĦҮЦһ洫ԵһǻȻͷڹ꣡Ϊ˶Ǿ𣿿ΰǴһ
Ƭ̣Ȼῴǻţϣһҹɫɱ
һȺǿ߳Ҷ߰Χ˹
߱һѪ죬ƴʢ
þûŵѪζѾˣ߱ɱ磬ѪħһǿߵѪԣչ¶š
ҶһóĺӰ֮ʱ׼ӭս
ʨүϣϻڣЦСǣ볢ζ𣿡
ۿһսҪ
һսضѪ
Ҷǰ濴ȥֻҹĮ߿˹
ҹɱԼݣ
Ҷ룬ҹҪɱԼԼΪġڤϵ۸ӣЩ֪ġ
˫ԽԽӽʱᱬͻˡ
ͻȻ֮䣬ʴ֮շ·Ҫһ㡣
ԶȥһɫӰӣȺһ㣬ǵصط˹
ЩɫӰӣǹһ㣬ûɸֲֿ״
ʹħ˿̾ҹҲǺȻɫ䣬֮УкܶʹħԾʹħǷǳµ飬κǿõĴڣħһײС
ԭҲкܶʹħǱһЩǿ磬ʹħǱֻˣ
ѹֽ֮ǰǸǵħ˵ܹͲˡ
ЩʹħȻ󲿷ֶֻ񼶣ֻٲģǵʵ̫ˣ
ҹǱԱȽܼ˲˴ʹħע⣬Ƶʹħҹһڵĵطȥ
Щʹħ֣Ҷϣߣ
ҶͷȥꡢʨүĲƽ󣬺ĦҮ߱˶ҶٸʵǿԳ÷ǳѸ٣ֻƬ̱ӳȥԶ
ҹǱߣԱӣʵǿβ룬ǧˣӷף´ҲȽϻʹħ֮һ֪Ӵˡ
ǾѾˣΣȻǸﻹܵϱˣ
ȫܣ˷ʹħܣһȫһҹŭشףһǧһʼܣضңʹħ׷ɱò˶þͻᱻʹħԵܶࡣ
һǧǿҹʱЩʱȫҶһǧǿ߶һգɱҶͼˡ
ô˽ܲȷ
ǣЩ˶ʱں֮ڣƽʱǵ˭ҹ
һЩǿ߿˷ʹħٵķ롣
ȺʹħΧ£ЩΪϸߵʹħϳ˼̡
ۣһΪĸ鱻̶˲䱻ɣʣ
ʹħǷ·ŵѪζĲӬһ㣬ʼΧҹˣһҵĴս
һͻΧҹشЩʹħǿе㳬ԤϣҪôȥһǧ˶ȻᱻĴøϽУ
ҹĵسҶݵķһۣһȳɱȥϰ׹Ŀȭͷɱʹħ
ҹһǰ壬ʣЩǿ˷򣬸ҹɱ
֮ʱյ֮ϵرɢ䡣
һƬңս֮Уиǿ䡣
ȻҲкܶǿ߲ľôʹħΧ֮£ʼͨ
ҵһͿ
ҹ֧֧ҲΧҲʮ˺ܶࡣ֮£ҹӵȺʧǱȽٵˡ
ȫҶֻ֧ٶĶˡ
ΪֻٶԱĿȽСʵֶǱȽǿġΧҶʹħȽ٣Ҷһ·ɱ˳ȥֻʧ˼ˡ
ĦҮ߱ؿһҶǿҪҶٶô࣬ҲͰڡҶյЩʵǿģΪҶı֣˲ʵǿĹ
Ҷһۺʵߵġ
һǧˣԱҲݬ룬Ŀִ󣬹ƲҹǺõȥ
˸㣡Ҷ곯ԶȥֻԶһȺʹħ߿Ҷܡ
أ
һҵĻսҶȺǿɱٵʹħһ·ûʹħշӣ;мʮʵѷıɵˣٶཱུһپʮ
Ȼһˣǵʵûм٣ΪʵǿĻš
Ĳƽһ·ƴɱԵмֳҶգܿҲѾˣҶ˸мڣҶȥҲ޶ΪѾǷҶ֪ˡ
Сʱ֮ɱΧһƬΪεǳƬ֮У˾Ϣָš
˶٣ҶĦҮʵ
ܹʮ߸ĦҮ͸ֺ⻹ֻǵһӴѣ춼ǽҪƬһʱ䣡
Ҷ΢΢ףû˵ʲôĽѾ㲻ˣΪоΧǵʹħʮӳǲס
֪ҹСôˣĦҮ΢΢һЦ
߱һЦСӹڿ޵Ķˣôʹħ϶ˬˣ
ղŵһȺһ𲢼ս˴֮ĹϵƺҲ˼̸֣ЦšϾղһսҲ֮ˡ
Ҷ˵ɲͬҹʱֱǱѾû˼ȥעҶȥѾԹ˲Ͼˡ
ԭΪʹħӦòܶ࣬ӦܹɱȥģǺŷ֣ʵ̫ˡڶ̫ӷףòʱһսʹħԽԽֲ࣬ĻȳȺһ㣬ﵽʮ֮ޡ
տʼǻܱɱ߳ǺԽԽԾʹħ̫ӴˣҪôȥҪȫû
ԭܹһǧٶ˵Ķ飬ܿ˺üٸֻʣ¾Űٶˡ
ôĶ飬һβ󲻵ĸоŶӵжܵ谭
ҹ磬ҪǼȺһ𣬵ǶܲһǻҹĶ˵
ʱҹ᲻
ôźȣ鷳˦ЩһԼٲǿߣԱȽǿܰȻѣĻ˵˶
ҹһ£һݵϵʵȽǿģһ𳷣ܳʮʱӦõϣľǣ
ǣǸǻӦУǻʮٽʮʵȽǿľͿˡ
ʣµǿߣ˭ǵ
ҹǸƣǧ㣬û뵽ǱҶռȻҶѾ֪ңȥˣѾܳʹħİΧȦս˼СʱǱޱȣҹüҪѪ


907 ׷棡
Ҷעܣֹʹħ֣źһһ·ǰӣȻʱʹħȫΣա
ĦҮ߱Ƭ̣ӶĺҶ
δȥڤǣ㣬ԸԸɣĦҮҶص
ĦҮһǿߣѾ뿪Ⱥǿ˺ܾáĦҮҪڤǣõǿߵָ㣬Ȼףɹϣǳã
ǸҶǰ;ȻƽΪҶѾõλǿԴ
߱ҲһѪħһģҲΪһЩԭ뿪ѪɫȻ츳ڤط̫̬ˣǿƣƾ˵ʵڤǸڤԷܶƴҪλʵ̫̫ˣܿǧ󣬶δܽӴʮսǸϵˣǸҶͲһˡ
Ҷ˿ĦҮֿ˿߱
ĦҮ߱ԸͶ˵ǾԸЧˣǱ˴֮䣬Ĺ
ҪҶλ
ҶĬƬ̣ңԣڸ֮ǰҪһ顣ұ֤Ժǰ;һƬ
ʲô飿ĦҮ߱һۣж΢Щ
Ҷһж塣
ںΪͻõȵǣһǱѣҪǵҶ֮е壬Ļһ㡣
ҶĻĦҮ߱ͷ
ȻҶǲԸôǵģϾͶҶȷʵһЩĿġ
ǲңҿԱ֤ǵвǣʵǿҶǿĦҮ߱ں壬Ҷ̤ʵĦҮ߱ԺܶͿԽȥˣҲЯǡں壬뿪֮Ǳֵ
ĦҮ߱˺ܾá
ãͬ⣡ĦҮͷҧȻͬǿУ츳ǿˣڤǣʲôڤÿ궼ղ֪ǿĸǿߡ
Ǽһ
ĦҮֽҶĵ˹ſ˽ȥ
ҶݸĦҮһϵ壡
߱ԥ֪嵽ʲôĦҮҪȿĦҮķӦ
Ҷ£ĦҮʼѸٵںϣǵڶ壬ĦҮںĹ쳣˳׽
أһǿҵϵܺɨ
վĦҮԵ߱ɨУŵŵŵ˺˼Ȼɫ䡣
Ҷ嵽ʲôʵĦҮ޼ں֮ĦҮʵƺһӾһأѾȫѹǹˣ
ĦҮѾλ۷ˣں֮һӳλ𣬻µƺһΣصϢתţ·ĳֵ塣
߱ŵؿһҶҶʲôһ壬ȻֱĦҮλ
ҶԺǰ;ҶΣ
һǿߵūͣҲһ˼̤Ҫǿö࣡
Ѫħһļֵۡ
ֻҪǱǿκ˶û⡣
һ壡֣߱صصҶʱһ˵Ŀ
ãҶ߱һϵ壬߱ʼں塣
Ѫħһǵڶ嵱е۷ڣȻǵһ壬ȴ泤ݱʱǿߣܹӴǵʵ֮ǻһ壬಻ѷɫ٣
߱ںḶ́ĦҮ˳Ƭ֮һǿ
λ
ĦҮ߱ĽףЩǿ߷ˡ
ȷȷʵʵʵλλȻ츳ҲҪʮ꣬пܽĦҮ߱ںҶ֮󣬾Ȼ̾ͽˣ
ܲǸе𺳺Ķ
ĦҮ۾ϲɫ֣صصĦҮмֵܣҲԸЧˣ
漸һˣҲѸٵӵĦҮߣǿۿĦҮĽףȻǣ
ãҶҲ緢߲ܣЩڶǿߣ츳ǳ׿ԽԼ£ȱһˣֻҪǿϸңұزǣ
ҶһһսףĦҮȥ
ĦҮ˸ŶĿսףŵصɴ۾սף
ȻﲻʹսףȱҶ΢΢һЦ
ĦҮսףЩǿǣӵسȡ
һ£ս׾ѾǷǳıˣֻһЩ۷ǿ߲Щǿߵĵӣпõϡսףһս׿൱ͨĲƸЩƸҲδõ
ҶֵĴ󷽣˶ѪӿһսףöΪ֮ͷѪɥ
лˣĦҮں֮󣬶ҶѾóϷսСĵղҶĿ⣬һ˿ϡ
߱ں֮󣬿ĦҮõսף¶һ˿۵ɫ
߱սֶҶֻһףĦҮûķˣеƸղΪʲôӦȻս׾ˡ
ں֮Ѿ̵Ӱ߱Ȼ߱Ըûзĸı䣬ҶѾǾҳˡ
ģҶһӣһս׳߱ȥ
߱סսףѾȫˣû뵽ҶȻսף
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ƽ޵УȻһԾ˵ʹħϣſ˺ҧ
ۣ
ʹħزҽţͣҪѻƽ޵˺ҧǲ޷˦ƽޡƽ̫ǿˣսֱѪҺʵıܣ
ʹħͣعŻƽޣƽ˺ۣѪ쭷ɡ
ǻƽ޷ǳǿӲŹ˺ҧʹħ
ʹħ˥ȥΪһʧ֮С
ƽޱˣصشϢţһţϵ˿ػָšһսֻƽ޻˱ľ飬Ӧûɳܶࡣ
սˣ
ĦҮ߱һֻ֮սǿѪڣľսһƽ޵ͷǱƣǹһ
ƽϢƽҹƽ˹ȥ˻ƽ޵ǰ档
ҹĦҮֻƽҹһ¡
ҹܵƽ޵ǰʲôҹΪʵܹܻƽްɣ
ҶҲһʱע⵽ҹЩɻ
Լһɵҹҹͳˣһﲻİɣ
ƽ޵ϢڸҶ˵Ϣҹ֪Ҷڻƽ޵ڡ
ҹϣ׹ҫ۶ĿǻϢƽ޵۾кȥ
˿ڵĻƽ̧ͷĿҹϣҹϵİ׹ע⣬ע⵽ǰСͬһǻꡣ
ҹʩչǻһطһĻĻ׹ڻƽ޵ϣǻһʹطշ˻ƽȺ
ԡְ׹֮£ƽϵ齥û֮ͣǰǰб
Ҷоҹ׹ҫ֮£ƽƽȥ
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ʱҶѾҹΪʲô
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ҵĻƽޣָӣҶЦһҹû
ҹʱĳȣоƽûмҵطҪγˣֻҪѱֻƽޣܹ߳ƣ
ƽ޻̧ƣҹ˹ȥ
ƽ޵ľٶҹ΢΢һ㶣ƽûսǰ׺ݵ飬Ϊֻ׵Ļƽ⡣
ƽצҹվ˻ƽ޵֮ϡ
ƽº͵ľٶҹֳޱȵɫҪɹˣ
ҹֻƽѾֿɵã
ѱƽޣõƬųеꪣôδһƬ
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ô£ҹоǹεԭأҪѣȴΪ
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ҹһ˿ңܿޱ࣬Żƽŭ𣺡ˣ˶ңƽǻһĸ壬ҶԿǻһ壬ǻһҪǻƽһ壡
ǻһΪвȻƽһΪǻһĸ壬ƽ޵Ĵм棬ǻһһЩԱܵη塣
ǣֻƽڲͬǣںҶ壬ѾȫҶˣҹԻƽ޵в͹ƻ󣬶ȫûã
ʲôѰ·ǣĦҮ߱ȹЦ
ͿҹˬˣҹˣˣȻǳ
ƽ޵ͷǻش򿪣ಣҶһ֮С
ʲô飿ҹȻãȻ֪
̧ͷſҶĦҮȣҹɻΪʲôҶǻӻƽ޵ͷ
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ĦҮ˸ֶΣжٵϸ֪һ
ôΨһԤ֮ˣҶˣ
ⲻܣ
ܣ
ҹķźʵš
ΪʲôΪʲôƽ޻ᱻһѱ
ҹɫһƬҰܣףҶȦ֮УҶˣˣԸԹԵߵƽ޵ĵģ
ҹһǿҵĲʣţΪʲôֻƽ޾ȻҶģ
ĦҮҶߵĸڤڲĸ߲㣬ɱʹħɵģҲδػţܻܿ˽Ըǣ
ҲУ߱һԶҹҹߵһ鷳󻼵ѻᡣ
ҹˣǾԲܷŻɽģ
ɱҶصǳȻĺҹҪԼ鷳ôԼԴ̨ʱ˭˭
Ǵ󵨣ǲɱңĻǳȥһҲҹɫŭҶȻҪɱѵǵ鷳
ҶɫĮȻؿҹҹˣ๼
ĦҮ߱ȶЩȣҶȻô˾ϣѾгˡ
źݻĦҮеҹϣҹʱ˵ϣѪ
ǶҼţҹĿضҶˣֱڻǲţҶȻɱ
Ҷһûʲô壬ҵ磿ԴҶеȤҲֻеȤѣҶûгΪԴĵӣ
ɱ˰ɣҶطԸݵػص˻ƽ޵ͷϿգҶƽó档
ҹŵؿҶıӰȻ֮䣬ĺӼǴ
ĦҮ߱ҹһٱ򣬴ҹ̣Ҳ̶ãޡءһһҹеĻҽ
һǻǿߣ硣
ҹҶĲҶĿ⳯ԶȥꪺǸƿϡ


912 ǣ
ҶԶȥ
֮УҶſӣ׶೤ӣ⻷ƣΧһЩӰ
ЩﳤŹȴһׯ֮Щ졣
Щʥޣꪷӡһֻʥ޵꣬Ϊ飡ԴҶߵ
ʥޣ
ҶԼϹЩϣʥǳǿ壬һĴڣʺϲ׽Ϊ壬ԺΪɱˡ
ʥ޵ʵӹɵģʥǴ˵壬ʥޣҲ۷弶ʵ
ϧǣ֮ǿ壬ҲѾ֮ˡ
Ҷа̾Ȼͬ죬һıԱġ
ҶԽԽӽꪣоǿޱȵų
һɾȻɱҶ
һȻӵ㾪˵ɱ
ɱҶоǽסһ㣬һѵ
ҶĿ⣬Ȼ絶һ㣬ꪣһһᶨسȥ
ҶԽԽ΢΢һɸǿҶѹ˹
ѹ£Ҷŵŵŵغ˼ɫ԰ס
ǿĵֻƾѹ޷ˣ
Ҷꪵѹˣ󷽰ꡢʨүȶЩȡ
ĦҮ߱ѹû뵽һѱȻǿ˳̶ȣҶܱˡ
ǹǿѹ͸ȫëףϸһ㳯Ҷ˽
ҶоҪһ㡣
ڵʵһıԽ
ҶӿĲʣ̫Сˡ
ܹץסꪣôҶܹƾŷɵ̫СˣԱ߶У
Ҳշ㣡Ҷվһһ
һɹҶѹ£ھꪻһٲҵľʱҶʼ
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ͣرʥҶҲڲϵػָš
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ҶȻᶨվûкһ
ĦҮ߱ȿһĻжҶľʹ࣬ǾܲˣҪôǿ־סѹ֮бľʹ
ʨүһĻҲԴҶŰǾԳܲסģûôǿ־վҶǸλվһӣȥ
ҶıӰۺᣬΪҶеۣоҶǷݶԱǿĿףҶ֮ôŬΪػǻԪǣ
һֱҲǳŬҪҶֵһЩ֣ʵ̫ˣΪֹûȫ˻ʥ
ǿҵʹҶʹȥȻƾż͵־š
һ룡
һ룡
ÿһ̣ҶΪԼֲȥˣǳ˹
ϵرָ֮ҶоԼǿ˲٣ΪҲ˴ȵ
վλãʥѾԵֵꪵѹˡ
Ȼһӵʥ֮ǿѹģ
Ҷᶨسǰꪸˡ
ܵѹ˲ִòάסٱһοʼ
ҶҧţΪ֪סܱǿ
ʱ䲻ϵƣҶһͣʱ֮ǰСʱ
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ʱƣҶϵϢͻȻȵһǿƳ
Ҷоڵľת÷ɿ죬һ־˵ٶȼȡΧ
ǿʼ˼ҵݱ䣬ÿһϵ壬ϵߵܻǺڲڿʼγǿĺ壬ǻЩƣʲôϵҶҲ˵
Īһ죬Լĵᵮǻꣿ
ҶҲ벻ף⾿ôһ¡
ɫСˣһϹҫĿ
ҶΪͻƵλ磬ʵʵķԾ
ҶΪͻƣʨүڰ಻סˡ
ʨүҲҪѧһŰˣʨүЩ޷޵صҶΪһȽףʨүҲƵòܼͣͲǰˡ
ǿʼ˻ʣµİöʥˡ
Ҷ֣Լ˶һ̥ǵĸоŵʱյ֮Ҳʵ
һ߳ſµѹһ߸𵴵
һ˿Ժһ֮Ҫ֮϶Ϊһܴﵽ˵е㾳硣˿Ҷؿļϣ⡣
Ҷһֹھŵʱյ֮£һЩı仯
Ǵ˵еǣ
ȻֻǼǽڣϾǴ˵еǣ
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ǿߣҲһСǣһСǣӰҶҶʵĸı䡣
ҶǰꪣĿӼǰϵһʮֻʮ֮ңҶٶȸоѹ
ȷʵǿ
Ҫ֪һ۷弶ǿҲ׽һСģпֱܱնɱ
ҶֻλѣȻʵܹԽͬף۷弶ǿ߻ǲ˺Զġ
ǰҶ˿Ҵ⣬ʱ׼ķɵƬֵҶҶɵһˣҶ޶
ҶȷԺķɵȵҪһȼ
ûеõķɵ֮ǰ꪿ҶսüΡ
һҪõꪣ
ҶĿ⣬˲Զƿϡ
ƿѩףǳûһ˿覴ãɢһӨӨĹ󣬷ǳ͵Ĺâ˿һۣĿ
Ӧ÷ͬСɣ
ƿ֮жʮľ룬Ҳ˵ǰһξ룬ƿϾʹֿɼˣ
֪ƿ浽װʲô
ҶҧǰһһϵؽӽƿͼսƿǶʧˣꪵѹ֮£ʩչһ˿ǳѡ
Ҷƾǿż尾һ죬ڴƿ
ֻһ㣡Ҷżѵһڽƿֱ۲ѡ
õˣ
Ҷпϲ̫ˣ֮дϸĴУŮļһ㡣
ʱҶˣҲע⵽Ҷľٶ֮ǰǾѾƿˣҶƿõ֣Ҳ˺ڴ
֪ƿװʲô
ĿתؿҶ
Ҷƿһɾ˵ɢֻһ£͸оëſ


913 
濴ȥһЩɫĵҩҶ֮С
ЩɫĵҩһſŷǳС͸һ㡣
ƿʮŵӣһĹ󣬷ǳˡ
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Ȼ絤ǻĹʱĳλǿߴµġԴһ˵
絤Ҷͷ˼ţȴǲ֪һֵҩ
絤ǻĹʱһλƵģһűʹ̥ǣΪɹǣֵҩºܹͣʹɱ¾֮Դ͵
ƿ絤ꪣӦöһλǿµģ֪λǿȥѾʧãã֮Уֻʣչų֮С
ĹʱһλƵĵҩ֪ЧΣ
Ҷóһö絤̽һ£ȷ絤ûжԣſڽ絤˽ȥ
絤һů˸֮УȻҶ
ҶƿеĵҩʨүȫͷһǲûԴ˵ЩҶôĪĵҩ
һǵҩжô죿
ϣҶأǶ棬ͣع۲Ҷ
ĦҮ߱ȿ˿ҶǼţֻʱעҶ״
ҩڣҶʱоһɴ֫ӿȥ·Ǳ֮еħԣҲ˺ܶࡣ
ԴӼں֮ҶоڵħȻѹȥȻеҲҶһֱûʹħҷԭΪҶģһһ죬ǹܿƣǾ鷳ˡ
絤һڣҶоڵħԱþ˺ܶ࣬˼ֱѪܿơ
絤ȫѹħǽħиһЩʸȥˡ
Ҷһлʱ
ڤǵǴ֮Уе㲻Ծˡ
죬ĺҹ緢һУȻ֪ԴֽţȴҲ޷ķ쭡
ʵǵλԴĶ֣
ȻʲôǴҲûʲô˼ˣȹĺҹһתȥ
ĺҹתȥԴҲֻƽ΢Цš
һۣû˵ʲôֻǼĿĺҹվʢһ㣬㿴Ҳûʲôôˣʱضʮʱ˵һգۣοһ¡
ĺҹǴŭһԴϹ֪ڸʲôΪҪڱ磿
оԴһʲôһжǸҶйء
ҶڤǿʼĺҹʹҶϣоһ˿вָоԲǺɵģ
ͻȻ֮䡣
ĺҹ뵽ʲôս֪ʲôҲ˵
սʮսУĺҹϵģ֮˴һЩ˹ϵ
ĺҹѾս֧֣Ϊܹһͻҹһλս£ĸѣôڤǵ൱ˡ
ս֮С
սҲһǻ꣬ڤǵʱĺҹҪܶࡣ
Դڱ磬ǹۿΪΣսǳɻʮսУΨһһȫ͸ˣԴԴأ֪ڤʶΪҲﵽ˷ǳ˵ĳ̶ȣȫ
ҾԴ϶ʲôܿڤǲ飡ĺҹ˵ɫسտһۣڤڤ֮޴ڣڤӦܹ˵
սȻҲĺҹͼԴƤӵµ֪һλã͹ȥһЩ²һ飡
ܿأǿ߳˴֮У嶼Уһ۷弶ģλġ
ǿߣ
սɨһˣǵĿǲƬøԤĽ
ǣǿ߹£Ӧ
սǿߣһ֮У޸һ·󣬷תಣӰڤǡ
ʱǴԴͻȻ۾һ⣬о˿սǿʱռһ˿
룬Դ۾ֻǾվš
֮УҶ絤һö絤ǳһµǰΪλҲǰңԶˡ
Ϊλֻʱ⣡
Ҷڵǣڲϵ죬ԽԽ
ǵţҶԼΪÿһÿһ붼ͻͽ
ں絤֮ҶͻȻվǰ꪿ȥһһꪣԽԽ
˿̵ҶʮֽŵģΪǳˣ۷Ҳնɱ
Ҷ֣ס˷ɵƬͻȻ׼÷ɵƬֵꪵĹ
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岽Ĳ
ϵɱԽԽأƺһҪҶ˳ȥҲ˲
ҶӭǹɱӽꪣֻҪץסꪣҶܴ߶ɵǿѹꪵ飡
ǰһҶصһץסꪡ
ˣ
һǿɢһɺɨһеҶϣӶȴûлҶ
ץס֮ҶϡоԼ·𿴵ꪵ飬һֻӴޣȻ֮ƽޣҲѷɫ
Ҷ·Ӧʥ޵һЩҶղꪵѹ֮£һһƾǿ͵־ץꪣѾꪵϿɣ
ûκεֿͽҶ
ҶԭѾԺзɵѹꪵˣȴû뵽ȫʹ÷ɵꪾѾͬ
ꪣҶʱоϵƲϵꪣԴȵʹߵʵ
ûꪣƾսĻҶҲֻܶԿλꪣҶȴԿԶԿ۷弶ǿߣ
Ӷꪣʥ޸һ㡣
˾£Ҷߡ
ҶСӣѾշˣʨү̾
Ҷ΢΢ףӦǵģ
ҶоԼϢںˣҶһ壬ע棬ꪵԭмҶ֮󣬲ϵǿָ۷ʱڵ״̬ҶҲмͨ
ĦҮ߱ȶ۵ؿҶеꪡ
Ҫ֪Ǵ˵еĵ
ҶҲϲظѰȻꪣսǷһɶõҶʱͻȻ˲ţͨҶоʲô
һǿһ۷壬λҶһâ磬ʹħһ㲻ǿ֣߳ȴǿߣǿԲǲμˣԱضһЩ⣡


914 ս
Դǧ¶ƽޣȻ֪ԷȷλãҶǸϽȰѻƽս˵֮С
ǿ߻֮⣬ҶʵǸӦԷĴڵģȴܸо
ӰԿһٶȳ߷Ӷ
Ƿֻƽ֮ǰҶѾѻƽֻǿһһŶѡ
ǿУͷһкǿߡ
ǿս£۷弶Ҳһǻꡣ
ǻһеǻ꣬츳׿塣УǻߵȨλǸսһ𣬼ڤǣĺҹ֮䣬ϵҲܲ츳ԶԶĺҹ
ĺҹѾܹڤעĴˣȻڤ֮к۵һĺҹȻǼֺá
һ⣬һ·׷Ѱ
Ƭ֮󣬺ͷҶһеڡ
Ҷվ֮УꡢʨүĦҮ߱վҶ
Ϊ˷ֹ¶ҶѰ
Ҷ֮ԻߣΪ⸽кܶԪЩԪǻƽõʳ֮һҶߣ
ôԪιڶֻֻƽ޶û⣡
ִʱ򣬻ܣΧһЩۼжϣովһս
Щɻ󣬾ʲôսܹʹΧŨϢþòɢ
олַǳǿϢһƺ޵ϢһʹħϢϢʹħʵҲǿԶԶ
ĪǸոһֻ޻һֻǿʹħ﷢ս
Ȼ֮䣬оһɱϢʱɫ䡣
ǻµۣ
۷ǳϤ
ҹѾˣ
ͷһҹĺҹζʲôͬһǻϵģԭǹ߸ֵܣֻʣ֪ҹˣĺҹ϶
ĺҹ֪Ҳˣ֪֣ĺҹԸȻһμȫᣡ
ĿϬҶϡ
ҶһмȻض֪Щʲô
۷ǿߵѹҶѹȥ
ĦҮ߱ȸǿߣоһǿҵϢС
֮£ҶʨүаԵ΢ùһЩҶʨүʥ壬ѹûǸо̫ѹ꣬ϵϢת嶼Ե
辪ȵؿһҶʨүа꣬û뵽⼸һȻֵסѹ
ע⵽ҶһоȻȫѾλˣ
⵽ô£
Ҷ˽ʱ򣬾Զλλ֮ڱĵطҶһоȻȫ׵λ
ô̵ʱ䣬ûļȫף
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֮вɱǿߣҲɫƵضҶˡ
ҹȻɱˣôЩˣһ˶
Ҷ׷ȫҶɭɱ֮УȻûк˰֣ȴҶ
Ҷ̧ͷƽؿź裬ҹɱġ
貢ãҶɱҹʵΪҹ޺ʹħսû뵽ҶȻȻسϣ޿֡
󵨣ȻɱҹѰ·ŭҶΪ֮֮ŵ̬ȣȫ
һҫĿİ׹⣬ҶĲץȥ
ɱȻȻڤǹ涨ƻ֮صĹأĺҹ˿е֪ԴʩչһЩط˸һУڤǵʱ򣬾յĺҹİʾԺ޼ɵ
۷弶ǿ
ҶĿ⳯迴ȥʵʱ۷ǿߵĶ֣ꪣȫ޾壡
Ҽʶʶ۷弶ǿ߾жǿҶŭһ͸֮˾޴һȭȥ
䣡
ǿײ֮ɢơ
Ҷŵŵŵغ㱻ȥ
۷弶ǿߣȻǿ
Ҷȼ˸ǿս⣬սǿߣʥѵĻᣡ
ŭû뵽ҶȻֵסĹΪ۷弶ǿߣǻ꣬ȻѹƲһλ࣬ҪǱ֪Ҫ˳Ц
۷ǿߵϲƣ
ҿǲײĲᣡϰ׹Ŀһֺһ㡣
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أ
Ҷͺ֮սһš
λ߿˹Ŀⲻơ
ʨүͰη壬λҲ֮һս
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ҶͺսԽԽҡ
أ
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Ҷϵ˿ԼٶȲϵػָš
ѹϴҶʥǰǿָֹҲǿ˺ܶࡣ
дΪ𾪣ԽǸҶȥԽǽ꣬ղŵļǹΪ㹻ܸɵҶˣû뵽ҶȻӲس
۷弶ǿߣ֮ھȻûиɵһλ
ǰδе飡
ŭ֣Ȼ˵ҶȴʼûɱҶҶȴԽսԽ£·սһ㣬ôصˣȴһֻҰһ㣬սһﵽʲô
λһô£
˵Ժʵɵһλ򵥣ΪλᱻôãҶҲǼΪŹѲ
أ
սԽԽң˵Ϣ۷塣
֮еѣʱյ֮ϵضײ
Ҷʥ岻ϱ飬ֲϵػָ˹ʱƣʥҲڲϵǿš
һ۷弶ǿ߶սҶ൱ģ񲻶ϵر飬Ҷھǵתٶȣֱﵽ˾˵ĳ̶ȣǲͣתķһ㡣
ⳡսʱ䣬ϵسȻȫѹҶҶ޻֮ɵҶǲôһ
һ졣
졣
졣
ҶԽսԽ£ʵǿտʼȫѹŴ򣬴֮ҶѾԻһˡ
ԽԽľһǹ𣿴ô죬Ҷζ㱻ҶȻһֱûûоƣߣʵȻˣ
Χ۵λȫɵˣһֻһλ
ô£
ȻĪǴ˵еʥ壿
ʥⶫʵ̫ˣΪ֮ʥǳϡκβҶ뵽Ҷʥ壡
Ȼõʥ壬Ǿ;ԲˣҪҳˣĿ֮УҲ಻סɱʥǳϡڤǵĴ֪϶ҶмӣҪǱҶǾһܴв


915 
Ҫɱʥ壬ͱʩչһЩǿط
ڸҶսʱ򣬺迪ʼ߶ڵطĵӡڶΧ֮Уӡƾγɡ
εֵҵڵӡ踩ҶӸ£һɾȻϣѹ¡
Ƶӡҫ۶ĿƯ֮С
ҶһĻüͷоڵӡǹǿʥ壬оһ˿в
˫ֲͣؽӡǷħӡѸٵᡣ
ĵӡҵǷħӡ
ҶƣЮӡȥ
һʮڵӡҶǷħӡһأһıը
𵴣ǿֲıըҪһжɽȥ
ҶըѸٵص˳ȥ
ǿҶͷ𾪣ڵӡȻǷħӡôҲѷɫ˶٣ǻһĳǿطСͬʱϾ۷弶ǿߣڵӡϣҪ˼Ρ
ڵӡԼв̫ˣÿһӡ֮У̲ڻһеҶСӡڵӡ˵ܹԸʥ壡
Թ۵λͷԸӡ
ǾãԺ۷弶ʵѹҶһλֵû뵽ҶȻӲؿôãԽսԽ¡˽սʱǸ޷֣ɼҶʵԶԶسˣ
ʱ迴ҶĿ⣬¡
ҶȻǿĵӡҶΪȽױѷɫô࣬Ҷĵӡȫѹڵӡ
ӲؽΪǵĸ֮
߶һЩطڵȫͷ˳ڵӡﵽ۷塣
ΧƬգ·һźǵ룬һööӡҫ۶ĿɫĹâ͸ȵڻһе
Ҷ֪ʱǾͷǳΣˡ
Ȼˣ
ҶĿǰĺ裬Ƿħӡס˫֮УҲһǿսꪡ
һҶϣ㱻֣һ׵սһ㡣
һǿϢΪģͷŶ
迴Ҷıܵ˵ɱ⣬ʱ
ҶȻһѵ
֮ǰĴ򶷣һһΣ趼ΪܹɱҶΪҶǿŲûɵֱŷ֣ԭҶҶʥѣ
ʱһֱˣŪķŭҶеĵޱȼɵĵҲնɱ۷壡
λҶĵһֱ͸ġ
ǿǵ
֮УָǷǳǿĴڡ
ҲţɱһλѸٵؽӡ֮ǧڵӡѸٵػۣҶȥ
ÿһڵӡ֮У̺ױȵ
оǧڵӡԼҶꪣ·Ϊһ壬Ҷоһֻ޴ʥޣػԼߣֻʥޣƻǻţţȫҫĽ⡣
ɱҶ۾ꪣնȥ
¡¡
ң޼᲻ݣ˻۶ڵӡ޴Ӱеĺնȥ
ۣ
Ӱն˺ϣ˲佫ĸ첲նϡ
ߣ軯һ⣬Զݡ
һλƲҲתӣ۷ĺ趼ҶĶ֣οˣ
ߣûôףҶкէ֣׷ȥ
ۣһһλնɱ
Щһ֪Լꪵܣ͸¶ȥضҶǿУ
ӶꪣնɱλԶȥ˵ĺȻݣԶٻ̤񽢡
Ҷһٻħ񽢣ħ֮С
̤񽢸ո׼ʱմħѾ׷ħĹ̤ϣһ̤ȼűѿ
һӰӱѵ̤ӳݡ
ҶħѾͣ˾ԶĵطħѾ׼ꡢʨүҲħ׷˹
վ֮УƬ嫵գṳ̂񽢣ûа취뿪
˵Ǿ
̧ͷž޴ħ񽢣ôҲû뵽ԼȻҶһλĺҹսСҶʵ
֮
û뵽迴ֳꪵҶħгӿĲ֮ɫ
Ҷظź衣
ҪɱҪоɣУһ˿Ȼһ۷弶ǿߣȻ
Ҷһ֮жһ壬ǵ峯ȥͣ˺ǰ
ںҿһҶ˵
ҶĻЩãȻǰ壬ĬƬ̣һǰ壬ʼںϡ
ʮ
ڤһ֮УԴĺҹ˷һӰ˷롣
һֻܹٶ˻Щɢҵվڷ룬˴˼ϵĮӡ
ԴɨһЩˣû˵ˡ
ĺҹ֪ҹˣŭӣ
ҹʵô֮磿
һֽţĺҹĿضԴԴԱߵҶ
Դڱ֮أôҹôĶ֪ضԴһЩֽţԴصҶҲضҹйأ
Ȼŭĺҹǿаɱŭת뿪
ڵԴĶ֣
ԴĿɨˣһЦ綼ջ񣬵صĿˣʱǽڤǵһ𣬳ΪڤǵΧӣΧӵһЩ񣬲һ˿Ƕڤǵҳϣʸڤǣ˽ǣ
ԴһҶܹأͿԳΪҵĵӣ
˵֮Դתȥ
ҶһԴıӰڤǵһУڤӣܱڤԴʲôû˵
ڶصĿˣѾڤǵΧô
֪صĿʲô
Ƭ֮߹һЩλǿߣǶڤǵĽʹߣһһ뿪ˡ岻ͬ츳ҲͬЩ˽õҲǲһģǽɢڤǵĸ
Щ˶ںҶ壬ҶĲ£û֪ҶѾȫǡ
ĦҮ߱ȿҶһۣҲڽʹߵ뿪ˣ֪ǻȥʲôط
㡢㻹㡭һ۵ĽʹָҶʨүˣ
ҶԭΪԼʨүаᱻֿû뵽һһۣԴİҲ˵ܹʮˣڽʹߵ£˳һڤǵڲȥ
֪ڤǵڲôģһ̿ʼҶҲʼ˶ڤǵ͸
̧ͷգҶ·ܹоһ˫һ֪۾ڸһСҶ֪ǾǿڵڤԴһǿҲսľ׳Ƴڤף


916 ֮
ڤڲ
Ҳˣͷ
սŹڵϵĺ衣
˵ʹħĹսͳȥ磬ȻʲôջûУֻõҹѶսܲŭ
˵һͷǳӴʹħ
Ӧһڤʹħʵ۷壬ʹħҲϡ棬ޱߣʱּʹħĳһλսֽһεһЩ⣬Դһжڱ
֪֪˭ɱҹĺҹź裬ʵˮ
ǸҶˣҶ˵ġΪҶӺѾ֪ĺҹƷԣҹҶɵģĺҹɵԸҲһΪҶɵġô˵ܹĺҹĻɡ
Ȼˣһĺҹȫɱڣҧгݵصһ࣬ȻɱĺҹĵܵܣҪʬ޴棬ɢ
̧ͷһĺҹ漴ͷУһ޵Ĺâ
ĺҹͿôҲ벻ѾҶߵĶӡ
ڤǣ֮ء
ڤǷֳɺܶಿ֣֮һ򣬵һڶ˿ڣγһܼĳУгоֲ԰
һС硣
ۼÿ걻ѡڤǵţڤǵһЩγһصϵ
ϵࡢ޻иǿ塣
ϵԻսطɱ¾
ʹ߽Ҷ˷֮뿪ˣ·ѾرգҶ޷˳·뿪ڤˡ
ҶȻˣزµģ
ڤһµļһ
ڤԸַ˸ţЩŶڤǵҳ϶Ⱥѱ֤ڤЩ˷ϵ棡
Щյ棬ӴˣγһϵջڤγһֹСûγɹеģԶ뱻ڤɣΪڤţ
ЩĻ̥ģջᱻϵ棬ԶȥȻһͬԷܺǷܳĺʣױڤɣΪڤǳġ
ЩԸţҪôںϽڤ棬ڤáҪôԶΪڤѪͳϵеһԱֳĹߣǵѪͳᴫΪڤǵʿ
ڤȱ֤ڤǸѪͳǿֱ֤ڤǲӶҳϡ
ڤϵ֪жٸԲ١
Ҷʨүĸ¥֮дš
ֵϴеĸǿӵؿҶꡢʨүһУ֮ϵ棬˱˴˼䶼ǳϤˣÿЩʲô˸ոռ֮Ƕһ
ЩǿߣλϵģλλλĶܶ࣬۷弶Ҳ١
ЩȫȦ
ϵǳµǣȫˣÿ춼˫۾ڶ㣬ǷҳڤǶ֪
һûʲôһ꣬һ֮أ
ʱ䣬㶼һֱȥ
ݣڤİ֮Ҷð⣬ϵ֮£Ҳֲ˶ã뵽ϵ档
ҺԴӦԴ϶취ǳȥġ
ʱ䣬Ϥ˵
һڶ˵ϵһЩ϶ڵ˿ڶԣǱȽٵġһ˿ڣҲһȽӴȺˡ
ҶŰꡢʨүһţʮĲƽڣҶѾǷͷˣ£һ̫עˡ
Ҷɨһ۵磬ʱҶЩų֮µԪȫս˵磬ڵ棬ֻƽ޿ʼˡ
ò˶ãҶӵֻƽˡ
Ǹڤǵİɣӭ߹һ˴ˣҶ΢Цѯʵ
ҶĿ˶ԷϣԷһλĵһǿߣû̬ʮֺ꣬룬һ־ĸо
ԷרųҶġ
ҽһСˣӪ⣬һ˶ҽף΢Цŵһ˿ײľ⣬ţǼڤǵˣôǡ
Ҷһۣɫص˵ͷ㶼Щʲô⣿
ꡢʨүҲʲôҲû˵ʲôֻĬĬظҶǳէô˵
Ǹ֮أҪ㣬ڤǹһסǱģһסҪϽ𣬹ߴＸǧϽҿԸǽܣȻ۵ļ۸£ûǮȥڤʹ߽һЩƣȥһЩؾɱħ֡ɼȵȣҲս֮صһЩǿߣ׬ȡǮҶԸмˣ΢Ц˵ڤǵĽףһʹϽһЩһϽĻҲͨң
Ҷɨһۻۿռ䣬ۿռϽ߰ħǲֵսףĵرѻɽ
֮⣬ϻд񽢡̤񽢺ħ񽢵ȵȡ
۲ƸҶѾȫѷɫ˵ļλ
Ҷϸ۾һǿǸ֮أҪǣĽҶװ¶صͷ
׼һլԺҶһµô֮ҵطţϤϤȻһһߵԴǱߵϢûܽԼ
ʱƣҶ֣ڤ֮صļزǷǳϣڤֵ֮ط˿̫Ӵˣһյᣬ˴˼ӣڤ˵ȽϷģֻżһɨ
͸ҶһЩᣬ֮ؿǿƼݣڤ£ľӢȫв츳׿ţҶԼֱ
ʹ֮ؿʼɣ
֮⣬ԳʱϽ
ҪһʲôլԺѯʵ
ȻҪõģҶ˵Ǯ⣡
ҶĻ۾һͷ򰡣˭
õǾʮһطׯ԰зԲҵĻ԰һλ۷ǿߵסʮϽ𣡡ش˴֣һ˵ţһ߹۲ҶɫʮϽ֪Ҷòõó
ʮϽѣҹȥɣҶƽ˵ĲʮϽ
ҶӦпϲȻһǮóʮϽ۾գһ£֮أЩ۷弶ǿߣҲδҶô
ҶĴȣǮ׬ɵӣ
ɫǫ˺ܶ࣬ͷ
̬ʨү΢΢һЦҶҶСӣ׼ô
ʱãͷҶ


917 ǽʯ
һߴҶһţһ˵
֮ع֯֯ϴ۷嵱зǳǿĴڣƿ֮أҪǵ֯ǺѵġǿƼкܶšƬһ켫֯ƹܡ켫֯ļλҶ죡ظԺʲô鷳ұɣ
Ҷͷʲôû˵һСʶ켫֯Ĵойˡ
˳ǳأԶ˷ɽ־ɢһЩׯ԰ҶоЩׯ԰кܶǿ
ܹׯ԰ģʵǳǿһ㶼Եһ͵ڶǿ߾Ӷࡣ
ҶʮϽ𣬹λһɽµׯ԰ʮľСˮ̨ͤ¥
ҶˬóʮϽ۾ˣҶȻǴʮϽУܹ׬ϽϣһʽˣʱƮƮȻһ׬ǮЩܵļҵһˡ
⴦լԺҺϲǸ·ѡҶ˦ǧϽʵ֮ʲôصĵطҪ֪֮صһУ
ǧ·ѣ̫Ǯˣͷֱ
صĵط֮صľͷһڣͨһؾǴؾ˵ڤзֵģǸס֮أʱյ֮Ũ̶ȣһطҪٱһ죬ֵͨطһ꣬۾źܶ壬޷׽ȥģһЩǿ߷֣ͻᱻΧЩǳǿǳΣաȤĻҿԴǰȥǸطڡ֮кܶǿ߶۷徳ġתһֵطûǲҪȥһ棬̫ˡ
Ҷһʲôطһֵϱĵطһꣿ
طΪʲô˵еƣ
ѵڤ棬еطͨ
Լ̫ˡ
⻹һطڤڲı֮ˣڤٵ磬ɱħֻϽ𣬹㣬ʵǿҲֻܴ㣬֮ÿ˶ȥ˵ܱڤע⵽ڤʹ͵޵طڱ֮棬ƾʵڤõһЩԭЩϢ׼͸¶ҶġǮϣ˵ˡ
ǳϸؽ֮أҶ֮صһЩؾֲȵȸ˷ǳϸ˽⡣
֮أǿΪʵǿľͿˣԷΪԼãｨһȻĻ
ҶһۣһЩŸ㣡Ҷһжһӣϼ¼ŸƷȥҲɹЩ
ɻؿһ嵥رעźܶĵرչļ۸񶼷ǳܹʮÿչ۸Ѿע÷ǳˣжҪϽ֮ࡣҪЩչּܵʮϽ
嵥
ʮ󲿷ֶչʲôϾʯǽʯɻؿҶǳƵָƷδš
Ͼʯ֣ҶǬóһЩĶⶫԪϲĳʯͷֻԪУҶûطֹûʲôôһҶͷ࣬żٿӡ
ʯͷʲôãⶫҲʯЦһоһʱյ֮ĲûС
ãǧϽһ飬жҪ٣󣬼۸飡ҶȴһЦ
Ҷı飬һѵⶫļֵƣһЩ˲֪ãϾе棬ʵ̫ˣкܶණûãʵ
ǽʯأҶʵ
ҶǬóһ飬ǽʯһϽʮ飬жҪ٣
һۣصֽʯҺֶӦв٣ףⲻ֮ʯûõʯͷ
ʲôҶһ¿һ
ʶԼʧԣЦЦʯͷҵܶ࣡
𣿶ҶҪҶ
õģȥϵϲصˣ׼չҩ֮ʯȥˣҶǾԵĴͻһҪסУҶǮû֮ʯûõʯͷܿôߵļǮ
ʨүͰ꿴ȥıӰΪеĬˡ
ҶСӣô棿ʨүƵؿҶղҶӲָ¹ΪһʯͷϾʯƭǮ֮ʯ˵ǽʯʨүղŲЦ
Ҷ˻ˣ
ҶһЦڻֻǸոտʼǿźˡǳʱɣ֪ԴʲôʱӦԼʱŬԼ˵
ҶʨүһլԺ֮пʼ˱չ
ʱ䣬һֱæţҶչ֮صĸĵر
չĵرҶһȫ߼£Ǯǳˬ졣׬ʮϽȷˣҶһʵ̫ǮˣֱǮգۡ
ģչĵرϢһƬС˴Χĺ䶯ܶ˶֪һڰǸչĵرļ۸г۸˺üɡ
չ嵥ϵһЩҲ˵ע⡣
Ͼʯʲôôû
ǽʯⲻҴŪ֮ʯ֮Щ֮ʯǷһǮֵûʲôãһȻչ飿
۷׷ס
ܿأǷ׷׽֮ʯռȫҶЩ֮ʯΪһãӽˣڿҶչ׷ַ˳һЩ֮ʯӵˣ׷װû֪ͰЩ֮ʯҶˣ
ܿأҶչ˼ڿ֮ʯгϵ֮ʯҶչһա
ⳡ׵УӮңͨⳡչ׬ʮϽ
˴֮صĸĵرҶܹٶϽͬʱ˴ô֮ʯ
ҶСӣչЩ֮ʯʲôã֮òȥʨүɻʵ
ҲǷѽ⡣
ҶһЦÿľʵҵ˼άԽǰȫһεġ
ǵʱ֪ˡ
ʱƣҶꡢʨүÿһʱ䣬ͻ뿪ׯ԰һΣĲƽʮһĸǿߣĲƽȴҶһЩǮ֮Ҳվ˽Ÿ
ڼչҶѾ֮ʯչ۴ԭȵһϽһʮϽһ飬Ǯʮ
֪۸֮гٶһȳչ˲֮ʯҶȫ¡
Ȼ֪֮ʯǸʲôõģǼȻҶҪȻ᲻ͣչ


918 
Ⲩȳֻһʱ䣬ֻչ˼飬һչгϵ֮ʯѾˣΪѰ֮ʯܶ˶ѾеĽ䶼ұˡ
չ֮Ҷ֮ʯչ۸ʮϽһ飬ᵽһٸϽһ飬Ǯַʮ
ʱ󲿷ѾҲ֮ʯˣֻܿ۸ɵۣ֪ǾͲ֮ʯˣȵһչʱ֮ʯļ۸㷭һٱ
Ҷ۸ά죬½½յ˼ǧ֮ʯЩ©֮㡣
ûãҶ֮ʯļ۸ٶʮﵽһǧϽһ֮ʯ
гһƬĬȻ֮ʯļ۸ǣͷѾûˡ
˵ʱҶչ˲֮ʯչ֮ʯͻϽ
Ҷ˭һʱ䣬ҶĴɡ
ҶǸӹɵģгϻиҩﱻҶչ˭֪ҶжǮ˵ҶмǧϽ˵ҶмϽ֮ص׸
Ҷׯ԰Ͽգʮħһſɹ
ҶԶľͷǶע⵽ҶĴڣҪݷҶ֮⡣
˶һҰǾ֮⣬ضһЩ̨
Ҷʨүһֱׯ԰ţˡ
ʱƣ֮صǶҶչǽʯϾʯǿҵĺ档ǽʯϾʯʲô
ϾʯȻųʯضĳ˲õĶɡ
Ҷڳչţ۸ԽԽߣ֮صĸ̻ᣬҲڰҶչ֮ʯȻתҶ
Ҷͷ߰Ͻ𻨵òˣĲƽĵһЩħһŪϽ𣬼չš
ʱ֮ص֯ҶһЩȤ
Ҷʲôһˣ
֪ոսڤûãͷӵо޶ĲƸ֪ʲôΪ
ͷʱֻǹ۲Ҷ
֮أջʵΪҶûչֳ㹻ʵ
֮ʯչ۸񣬻ڿţռ۸ѾһϽһ֮ʯ˶ˣû֮ʯǾռ򡢼ʮϽĳˣ
أһЩԴ
˵֮ʯǴĲ֮һȻû̺ʱյ֮ȴк͸ϡнϣһϽһ鶼Ǳ˵ˣ
ϢҶڴ˿һϬĳǽĺӰ֮˵ҶĵһѴ
һѴ֮ؾǧڵϽҲΪ档
Ҷ˼صɫʡ
û뵽ҶһʦȻܹıֲôħ񽢡
Ȼ֮棬ħ񽢲ô󣬵棬һħ񽢿Ǽֵơ
˶ÿˣͲӦð֮ʯ֮ʯĶӦúúղزǣҪҲҪȼ۸ȥ
Ͼʯд˵Ͼʯ԰ںѪ۷弶ǿߣҪϸһĻһѡԼѪǺ;ǣһѡʵ̫ˡ
ڶѡںЩǰǿѪǡǣѡǳΣգ׳
˵ӵϾʯϾʯڿһܷ꣬ϾʯİںѪˡ
ͻһ¥۷ǿߵ룡
ΪͻƵǸ磬᲻ϧһֶΡ
Ϣ֮кܶ۷ǿ߷ҪݷҶҶ̽ѰϾʯϢ
ҶǾܾˡ
ҶҪ߼۳Ͼʯܶ˶ΪҶǸƭӣ⳴ϾʯҶȱ߼չϾʯ־ڲ۵飬ⷴϾʯȷʵĹЧ
ҶһĶ˶е㿴ˡ
֮رһլԺ棬켫֯ܲ
һһǿǰԱ߷Ÿǿߡһǿ켫֯ƿߣвۣ۷弶ǿߣ۷嵱Уڶ֮УһܿԽ
ڤ֮ǰѾ۷ˣΪѰͻƵĻżڤǡ
˵ҶʲôͼۿһԱһһ壬һŮԣıȲҪСһЩظʣ
һµͼСӦòΪһЩǮô򵥣ˣȱǮ
˵ͼʲô۵Ҳ뵽ˣΪƿ֮أ
΢ҡҡͷΪ˼ڤǰɣ
ۿЦЩ˭ڤڲȻǵʵˣڤȴٳûнǣѾʮˡʵǲУҪڤϿɲУ
а취ڤǣΪڤǵĺģҲδɣֻҪƿ֮أǾûôˣ͸һ˿ǿϢƿƬѾʮˣԲκȨ
켫֯⻹ֱ֯ǻħᣬҲע⵽Ҷ
ҶСӣ㵽ôʨүҲˣҶô֮࣬ʯļ۸ӲسôߣַųϾʯϢϾʯҲ̧ۣ˵ӦÿˣҶȴٳûж֡
Ҷȴҡҡͷڻȷʵܹ׬һʣǸ̻ᶼӲˣ֮ؾͳ˹˺򡣡
ʱҲɻˣѵҶ׬Ǯ벫ôܣ
ҶСӣе㲻ˡѵոǵĲƸܵõǵľزɣʨүɴ۾ܴﵽҶֶˡ
õǵľǲܵģǲ鷳Ҷ΢΢һЦϢȥ׼֮صǿߣҪλģλ֮µĲҪĳЩţ
Ϊ˱̫𶯣Ҷ趨˱Ƚϸߵ˵
ʨү֮۾һˣҶոƸɨ֮ǰȽڵǿߣ
Ҷֱǰһֶõ˼£
Ҷڵݣһظ֪ҶΪڷǳص״̬ʱʼˣضƼǵҶոЩ̻ĲƸͻ̻ܵΧˣʱ뽨ˡ
֮ǿʳǲһЩֶΣ޷ԱΨԼʵøǿС
ҶҪŵϢ֮֮˲С𶯡ҶӵôۺĲṩĵرҶĽȿ϶ܶࡣ
֮½½һЩǿװʼǰҶׯ԰
Ǻܶ˶ģҪҶ˻ǱȽٵģ֮ô㣬ֻٲ˶ģҲһܴˡ


919 
Ҷׯ԰棬½½ǰһЩǿߡ
ٶλģܹٶˣ۷弶Ĺ
Щ˽ׯ԰󣬿صҩɢŷҷҲ²ùˣȫԪ裬ɢŨʱյ֮鱦ֻǴİ裬룬һѴĺĺӰ֮
ׯ԰֮ǿ߶ˣǵöǮŻݻ
˵е
ȴ֪ҶΪװ滨˶˼Ϊ¡
Ҷ̫Ҫˣ
ٶˣȫۼ˴֮У̰ŴԪɢʱյֻ֮죬ҲΪ
ҶڴףĿɨˣһһǿϣһǿ۷弶ʵǿ츳Ҳߡ
ʲô֣ҶǸȫȼųȻһǿߣϵؿڵ
䣡Ǹһǿߵ
Ҷ˵ͷû˵ʲôĿһһɨǿߡ
СʲôǴţҶһʲôĿ飬ŻͬǼ롣ҶĲƸѾǣǵͷţҶҶһʲô
Ϊҵ£λÿԴõһǧϽ۷ÿõһϽ𣡡Ҷ˵
ҶĻ˶һÿһǧϽһϽ𣡶۷弶ģÿ¾õʮϽǿҶĿⶼеˣҶĺǮ
ҶһתֵǷǳϸģҪ׼Ҫҵ¶Ҿҳϣ˭Ըں壿Ҷ˵ţ֮ͻȻðһžǻһ塣
˶ĿתؿҶ֮е塣
ʲô
δ֪ĶǶ׳ԣϾյĶʵ̫ˡ
ҶĿ⻷ˣ֪ûԸں塣
ʱֻǸһɣֱҶ
Ҷ΢Цŵ˵ͷһŪһ䡣
ſڽǵȥȻԭΪܹȫǺܿأˣǵ彥ɢ֫Ȼںһ
أأأ
ϣһһĻ䣬ϵϢϵš
ԭ۷弶Ϊģں֮ʵɲֹ
ΪϵǿһǿɧҶ壬ΪôãҶܹǿʵ㸶ǵҳкη
Ը⣡
ҲԸ⣡
ȺȻ伤
ںô̵ʱʵǿô࣬ضҲһЩãмʵôλ۷ǿ˵˺档
ҶһЩˣû˵ʲô˸־Щ˲ԸԼҲǿ
ҶʼЩԸںǿ塣
һ죬죬졭
ҶԽԽ࣬۷ʮλٶʮλλλеĳţҶڲϵʵ
ҶЩǿߵʱһЩãҲչ
֮˷֮ʯ
һʱҶ֮ʯչѾ쭵ǧϽһ֮ʯҾ˵ÿչﵽ˼飬˷֮ʯڶ̻ŷ׼ȥɨȻתҶ
Щ֮ʯ˼۸ҧúܽһǧһ鶼Щ̻᲻ô۸̸
֪ҲϴϽֱ򡣰Ҷչҩڼ䣬͵͵شҶһٶϽҲһСˡ
֪һ̻ᶼˣǱߣǾͻ׬һʡ̻ܶͷĿҧҧһ֣׼תҶ
ٶС̻ᣬٶһЩ֮ʯ׵Ĺ̷ǳܣ˭ΪԼռ˱ˡ
֮ϵҲЩ֮ʯˣһٶϽȫ֮ʯתЩ֮ʯҶܰеǮ׬ˡ
ڶ̻һҲôģ֮ʯ´󶨣Ƿĵ롣
ǲ֪ǣҶָ£Ĳƽһһسĵһһ̻ᣬ򼸰ٿ飬飬⹺֮ʯɢҲ١
ǧǽʯˣҾûˣҪܣΪ֮ǰм̻ĸҵң˵ҪҸ˵ѾûˣҪǱ֪ǧ飬һ̻ˡĲƽṆ̀˵
õģֵܷģһֵܱܵģǸǬЦеص׬ˡ
߽׻ȵʱгŸԡ
֪ǱѾһǽʯչ۸ᵽǧٶϽ𣡡
˵ϾҪᵽǧϽˣ
𣿡
ûУ˵ⶫѾ򲻵ˣ
̫ϡˣ
֮ʯһ͵֣û򵽵ְգǶ֮ʯ׼ȼ۸һЩʱȥ
ĲƽæòֺͣؽŸ·̵Լͣһһ֮ʯǮ
ٿ֮ʯҴҵؽҶׯ԰֮С
ߵ԰㱻λ
Ҷϴڲڣʵ
ڱչܴţһλ˵޻ء
Ҷϴе㼱£׼Щ֮ʯҶ㹻Ǯ֮ٸչ֮ʯ׬һʡ
ʲôҪǸλһ
ʱƿԣҪǴҶôһǿǵòʧ
ҾȰɣڻ԰һʯ
˴֮ʯ֮ضһһȵڽ֮С
ǣ˵ںѪЧϾʯʦת쳹
ȻϾʯ˲ʱ䣬ˡ
Ͻ𣡡
Ͻ𣡡

߰Ͻ𣡡
һǧϽ𣡡

κһᶼûⳡôң²ĸǿߣһ첱Ӵ֣ܻѶôļǮǶһҪЩϾʯ˰Ȼĳ̶ȣ֮ĸ·ǿߡҲѶ
ǲ֪ǣ֮ͬʮһͬţκһĳ棬ѷɫ
һɷ糱ϯ֮ء
ʱҶ껹ʨүһڱԺ氲غŲ衣
ҶСӣͶǵĸԽԽˣ׼նˣʨүЦ˵ֱڣҶǳ׷ˡһǮֵʯͷֲַͬҶѼ۸ȥֶ治Ǹǵġ
Ҿһ飬֮صǿǶ֪Ҷ֪ҶӴĲÿͶ˲Ҷնپж٣


920 Ըķ
֮ׯ԰ֵʮٲȻѷɫ֮ص֯ˡ
ٹ죬ҶϽ֮ǿĴڣ
ʱ˶ҶҲˡ
ܿأĲƽ˴Ϣһǧ֮ʯѾ˾Űٶ򣬳ļ۸һǧŰϽǧϽ𲻵ȡһʽףҶ׬һǧ˾ŰڵϽ
⣬ϾʯҲҶȫ֣׬˰˰ٶϽ
ϼܹǧ߰ٶϽ
ʨүֵ֪ʱӿ𺳣Ҷһֱ׬Ǯ
ôϽ൱֮ؽɵĲƸˣ
ôǮǿ֮ʲôʲôĵرȡ֮
ѹҶҿºڣµ˷ôǮ
ҶֻһЩʯͷѣ
滹ڴϢ֮ʯļ۸ǣ˵ͻƵǧϽ˶˷ܵؽ֮ʯ֮ʯֱҪΪһӲͨˡ
ׯ԰棬ЩϢϲǵǣϲ֮ʯļ۸ǣоԼĲƸÿһ̶ڲͣӣǵǣҶôûг֣ô֮ʯֵɽҶҪǲ֣˲ͱһ⵰
Ѿׯ԰˺ܶˣ
ÿһ˵һĥͼ尾ѾԼжٲƸˣֻЩ֮ʯ֡
Ҷôûг֣
Ĳƽ˻ȶ׼ʣµҲȫʱҶׯ԰ſڼˣ㼸ʮ֮ࡣ
ܶ˿Χ
٣˵ǽʯļ۸ѾǵǧϽһˣǧ飬һϽɣǸЦеصǳˣΪЩǽʯת־׬Ͻ
˿һҪ˵ĳ嶯ң˭ȥĻûأ˽£ûȵҶ֣
飡
һ飡
ǧ飡

ЩΧ˵ţǵ˷ܡ
ǵĻȴǺ䤱һɭɭĺӱĴ͸˳ôٶۣ˿Ҳ鲻ˡ
ҶѾչô֮ʯгϵ֮ʯչˣгôͻȻðô֮ʯˣ
оͷƤ飬˿ᣬ˿Ǭе֮ʯЩƶݺݵӳȥ᲻ãϰϽģ
ϰϽ𰡣ɲСĿ
Щ֪̻࣬ˣ
λҶڱչصУԵȣأܰҶһϽˣεЦţ׼͵͵ѾҶ˸
ʱѾȫ׹ľһ޴ĿӰ
٣㲻߰
԰ǶһЩǽʯЩ˿Ҫߣ׷׽е
ʱֻһ仰ƨǽʯһǮֵ֮ʯ
һ򵥵ƭ֣Ϊʲôô˶У
ʱҶꡢʨүš
ʨүпһǻ谡ôСƭ֣Ȼƭôˡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦСƭƭֿƺСҲܼ򵥣ǺܶԶƭ
һ֮ʯƭ֣ǰĻƽ𡢷͹ƱȻһʹüֵԶԶôߵļǮΪż۸ǣ˶һ˽ȥع룬ȵׯҿʼʱһȫˡ
ڶϾʯƭ֣ǰʯһûʲô̫ô͵ĶֻҪسļֵ컨׹ն˸߼۽ֱ֡ĳһ죬򵽶˲ŷⲻһһǮֵ⡣
˿֮ʯЩˣȻˣȻڿϲ֮޷԰ΣϾʯЩˣضϾʯڿУһ֮󣬾ͻᷢϾʯԶԶûô󣬹Ƶʱ߼Ͼʯ˾ͻᱩףƭӣ
ǸЩÿֻһΰɡ
ĲƽľĻŽе֮ʯȫ꣬кܶѾŰɣˣһЩˣƺӲģĲƽһ֡
ţĲƽһ˾˼һ㣬ʧˡ
Ҷׯ԰֮С
ϴ󣬲ǰݷã˽ҶԱ˵
ۣ켫֯ϴ
ʲô飬ĪҲ֮ʯϾʯҶü˵Ը켫֯ϴֵ֮ʯϾʯ˸ԼҲŶûУ
רݷϴģ
ɡҶƬ̵
õģӦȥӭˡ
ʱۼׯ԰ԽԽ࣬һǧǶ֮ʯٵ˼ʮ֮ʯׯ԰ۼôˣ㱿Ҳ֪ˡ
ǮҪҶ
һЩŭׯ԰ŭׯ԰䱸ɭϣս׵ǿߣѩսףǻۡ
һмʮ˿˿Щˣֿ˿ׯ԰棬оˣׯ԰аʮ۷弶Ϣ
켫֯棬۷弶Ҳֻһʮѣ̶̼ʱ䣬ҶյѾ޼ˣһεķ粨۴Եһ£ҶǧϽ켫֯ĲҲϽѣ
ֻô̶̵ʱ䣬ҶĶϯ֮أ
˿֮ص֯ҲòҶˡ
˲һ㣡аݡ
ҼѾڵȸˣĿ˲۵ϣ΢΢˵
Ļһһɧ
ǼڣΪβǣ
ǵǮǣ

Щ״񣬾ҲУһۣ׼Ҷׯ԰
Щս׵ĻǾﺮֵıԴ
֮صĹأ˽լԺߣɱ⣡һ۷弶ΪЩ˶Ĥֱ죬Ѫӿ
Ǽ˸һ˵һЩ˷޷޵ظߺ
ɨһЩˣƽصתλǻ裬Ըķ䣡
Ըķ䡭
Ըķ䣿
Щ૵ظ仰һЩʧǣҪ׬һʣǻ裬ôһ棿ܹ˭
ֻ˵Ըķ䣬Ȼȥ
أ£ׯ԰Χ½ɢȥ
Ըķ䣿ۿһЩɢȥˣһζĹâҶһʲôˣ
ׯ԰濴ȥֻЩһսףò˵۵Ҳǳ𺳣սֶǳϡУһǳ˵ļ۸񣬶Ҳǹ⿿Ǯġ
ҲɵøпҶıɲ⡣
ۺһۣĺ棬ׯ԰ȥ
һ·ׯ԰ĻȣۡȻ켫֯ҲǮȴԶԶûеݻĳ̶ȣ
֮˭ܱҶǮ


921 켫֯
ۡһʮƹȣ߽ׯ԰Ļʹ
ʹ֮УҶʨү̸Ц
ҶĿ˲۵ϣ¶һ˿΢Цλ켫Ĳϴɣ
Բ۵ʱҶȻûʨүͰҲֻǵɨһ۲۵˶ѡ
۱һЩ˶¶ջɫۻһ֣ʾԼ±ƽ
۴ҶҶᣬôȴôߵΪӵ˾޶ĲƸܿһЩӵܡڤǱҪأڤǵıҲ֮صȼطܼ꣬ڤǡ
֪Ҷкαܿһ֮ĺӵܡ
ﲻɵü֮ؼʮ꣬ȴʼջڤΣʼ֮棬ȫûܳΪ֮ϵĴڣҶЩˣ֮ظʲôһʱܿ˹ˡ
ôƽ
Ҷƺ˲һӶĲʺͷҶתһˣ¶Ȼɫ
Ϊһ۷弶ǿߣôԶ֮棡
ɣҶʾ
ۺ׵һ
ºֶΣƭ˶תҲȥ֮ʯˣֱҶֹ磬дҷ緶
СѣֻһЩ̰ɱ˫۵˲ŻᱻƭĴȻǾԶ֮ˡҶصıǺ׿ģǴ˿֮Ҳ˵Ϊ˵ҲţеѾƭеˣЩˣȻãȻ֪մմϲ
׼֮شã̽ʵ
Ӧò˶þͻ뿪Բϴ󲻱صһΣǵĵλҶϵۻôʣֱԲص
һȻ˵ı飬ˣǶȻĴ֮صģĲ
Ҷϵıӣһڲ裬˵ۣûȤҳȥ
ҶĻ۵۾һγû⼸ʮþκΰ취ûܳȥ
Ŀ˸ţѹеļҶа취뿪֮أڤǣ
ӦÿԣҶ΢΢׵ȻûȷԴʲôʱԴҶҲ᲻Ѱҳȥ·ֻҪҶܳȥܰѲ۵˷뵤ȥ
Ҷشú۾ͻЩˣҶĻش𣬷ò۾мֿˡ
ɵĿܣ׷ʵ
˳ϣҶһ£ƶص
ҪʲôüʵϿɲڱ
ҳϣں壡Ҷһ֮жһ塣
ۿҶ壬Ŀ˸
ϴ󣬲ĵ
ǰϴ󣬲ܱƭˣ۱Щ˷׷׿˵
Աߵû˵ֻüš
Ҷƽ΢ЦͿѡˣҲǿ㣡ǵҶš
۵þƽʮˣϵҪߣǾǸ˵еľʼղһϵ֮غĹһһ꣬ڤڲΪһʵֵ롣
İ
֪ܣֻôһ˿ܣҲԸ
ǲۣ˺γڤǣ
Ҳֻѣ֮صʷϣ̫̫۷ǿߣֻ֮ȥոڤʧۣ֮Щ˲ģ֮ؾͷؾ棬Ҳûг
֮˳õĳĬ
ҶֻƽؿЩˡ
۱վһǿߣͶ㣬ܹӮǣǸǿ۾ֱֱضҶʵͱǷ㣡
ӮǣҶǸǿߣ׼ôܲñ
ñǸǿ߸Ҷ
ǿ۷弶ǿߣʵڲۣҶǸ۷廹ҪǿһЩ
Ҷʵǿսƽ֣Ҷó֡
ñҶ΢ЦţͻȻһѽꪣһ˵ϣһѵĺۼӿ
µǿ˲䡣
˿ꪣȫ鲻Խľ
ҶĴ߶֮£ꪵƣ۶ѹ˹ȥ

ҵ죡
Ǹǿ߱õŵŵźˣɫס
Ҫ𣿡ҶǸǿߣƽص
㡭Ǹǿû뵽Ҷô޳ܣȻֱóһ⻹ëƴȫꪶ򲻹ǵ
۵һǸǿߣȵѵҶүǲ˷ʱ䣡
Ǹǿһ£ԹԵˡ
Ҷóꪣò۵˶о𺳣ǵڤǵĵҲָǿ
ģ
Ҷ۵Ǳֻ֤Ҫ뿪֮أضһȥҶóҲΪչʾԵʵ
֮֮֯һ켫ϴ켫ͶǣҶʵ֮ԶһЩǿߣδЩ˶ĵϵˣ
ԿԸǵɼ𺳡
õģͬ켫Ͷ㣡۳ھҶõǫ́϶ǿò񻰣Ҷһ֮߳أڤǣ
ϴ󡭡
ϴ󡭡һЩ˷׷Ҫֹۣ켫ƴô꣬òײӮľ棬ѵھҪ
ۿЩֵ֣λ֣ҹ˴ҵĸԶ֮Ҳ۲Ը⣬һ߻ᣬҲλֵңǾ͸һ׷ҶүҪߣҲҲԲţ
Ҷе壬ſ˽ȥ
ʼں壬ȵط֣ǵûжԣһںϽ֫Ϊࡣ֮УҶγĳĬ
Ȼ֣۵ʵ֮ǰǿˡ
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֮󣬲۾˸ſϲ֮ɫֶҶл˴裬Ҹоҵʵɲֹ
Ҷ΢΢ס
۷ǵû£ʵ켫֯һǿѵĴģҶ岻֪ʲôȻôĹЧ
ţǶͶҶҲôųˣȻϴͶˣҲͲپܾˡ
һʱ䣬켫֯ɢڸصĳԱټۼҶׯ԰
ҶЩȫ££γһµ֯ǽ켫֯ʵ˲䱩ǣٲȻѾ֮Ӵһ֯Ҷڲϵš
֮صĻħ֯о˺ܴвֱ֯һЩǱ뵽켫֯棬ǲ֪ǣɹļϸܿ춼ҶˣʱǴŴϢ


922 Դ뿪
֮ٸ̻ỹĸ̱Ҷһ֮󣬶ҶǺ޵ҧгݣ˵켫ѾҶͶҶ£ôһϲµ켫Ѿ֮ǿ֯˭ǣ
ǿʵ˵Ĳڶǿ߷ӿ׷Ҫ롣
µ켫Էǳ˵ٶš
֮ħܲƿħһħһǿߣҲ۷弶
ħµ˻㱨켫׳оΪµ켫ŵ̫ˣѾħħͻ֯ҪǿѾ֮صƽ⡣
Ѿ˸ӴˣȻħͻ֮ϵãʱΨƥ켫
ʱһ۵ںµ½ħܲ
ʲôˣؿź۵ˡ
Ǹ۵˵һЦ㲻ع˭Ҫæһ飬ˣٲĺô
ʲô飿üëһʵ
Ҫ㲻ʲôҲһҪɵǸҶСӣ۵˵
һ΢⣬Ӧڤڲˣ֪һλ߲£ֻ֮ؼˣôһЩҲ޹ؽҪǣڤڲ߲ĶǾе鷳ˡ
Ҷݿ²򵥣Ȼ˵ĺ̨˹뷽跨ҪҶŪ
΢ܵõʲôô
˵һЦǿڤڲڤ㰲Ÿλáڼ䣬ҪʲôǶΪṩʲô
ˣһᾡΪģ켫ѾͶҶҶʵħʵ켫Ķ֣װΪѵص
ǱߣҲѾǽˡʵ޷ҶɵҲһҪƭҶ֮ؾͷؾ棬һؾǱзк
õģһΪϵͷӦ
ֽһЩ֮󣬱תͷ뿪ˡ
켫׳úЩǣԭҪ켫Կģ˳֮ȴıһЩ뷨
Ҷıܲ򵥣ڤǸ߲϶ˣָ߲֮ǲȥʱ޷ˡŵֺô֮ԱǣҶţǻõļֵҶɵˣ
ԺѾ˾ϣ˸ҶһЩϢ涼ˡ
ׯ԰֮С
Ҷʨүһ̲ͣţҶΪͻͽѾﵽλ۷״̬λһ֮ңˡ
ʨүҲǽչܿ졣
ʱ˽ҶĶС˵˼䡣
ҶһüͷȻħ֯ǱߴϢǺҪԼһ飬Ǹ˸Ӵ飬ת
ҶڤûãҪ˵гģҲĺҹһ
ĺҹɵĲˡ
ȻˣҾһ棬Ҷת֪֮ؾͷǸؾʲôطĺҹȻԼȥ
˸ãǾͷŹħɡ
Ҷԭħͻȫ̲˵ģ׼֮ؾ󲿷ֵǿ߶££ԺЩǿߣԿǻһʱ
ڤǣĺҹ
ĺҹĿţϣâްʱͬʱͬ¡
һɹʱյ֮תţ۷徳磬Ѿʱյ֮ƿصĳ̶ȣΪѾ˽׵ıԵ
һͻ۷壬ͿԴﵽ˵еľ磡
ڤǾ˵ֻʮһ˴ﵽֲΣǾڤʮλսһʸ׵Ǹεˡ
ĺҹΪһҪɱҶҶƻĲ֮⣬һ޵ܡ
ҹĺҹȣһǻϵģ൱һĸֵͬܣ˴֮֮Ӧ˴˹ĺҹÿɵһֵܵ꣬ΪһΡ
ĺҹѾɵﵽĿǰľ磬ԭҹ۷徳磬Ȼͻ۷ģҶļƻҹɱˣʹĺҹҶ֮ǡ
òͻƣҼͻ۷壬δĳɾҲܶ࣡
ԼҶԴţĺҹҲһҪҶ
ĺҹԭΪҶ֮أԴһʱҲû취ҶһЩϢķҶû뵽̶̰ҵʱ䣬ҶеֶΣɨ֮أнӴĺҹһЩֶΣͺôˡ
Ҷϯ֮أٶҲþˣĺҹӾ裬Ҷʵȥˣȥ޷ˣ
㻹ܱQãĺҹɱȻȻҶʵܿ죬а취Ҷ
ڤĴһƬգһСĵطһӰСϡ
·ںΪһ壬ͬϸĻ˻ΪֻСͶµһӰ
ԴôǿˣҲȫоϵκһ˿Ϣ
Դ˾η
Ǵ˵ڤǵˡ
ڤ
Դ͸˹ԴȫоڤĴڣԴ֪ڤǲ
ֻڤµһƻ
ֻСϵڤ۾ϵıޱϲǳƽ
Һ£Դѯʵ
Ҷ壬ڤ֮Уεı㣬֪򡢺򡢺Ѿ¾һЩ˴ǺӣӵҪȥǽӵڤҪпɿȥҲܷġڤƽ˵
Դ΢΢Ȼڤô֪꣬ڤ뷨ڤɲ⣬ҲǳܹȵġڤǰȥӦЩˣҪڤǣ
Ȼڤô˵ˣֻܵͷӦǡ
ڤǣڤӵоԵȨ˵κλǽھϡ
֪λ֣һλǾ裬һλһϹӣҲ֪ʲô֪ԴǷʶǣڤƽûһ˿
ԴһͻĪڤѾʲôô꣬ûиκϵǵڤ
ˣ򴳵ʱ˵ǣȴδйӴԴҳɣش
ǰתǣͬΪ壬˴֮гɼҲӦ÷ˡڤ˵ǧ꣬Ĵ٣ܶණѾˡ
ǣԴͷӦڴţڤʲôġ
Ϊǰڤɱһ壬ⳡɱڤʱǷģֵûˡȥˣڤǵʵǿ˷ǳ˵ĳ̶ȣԴҲֻڤǵıɽһǡ
ڤͼС֪ڤıʲô
֪Ҷһڤǵ֮أǸǻԴʲôû취޷ϢҶΪʱʲôᱻڤ֣Դֻʰң뿪ڤǡ


923 鹽
֮ء
׬˴Ͻ֮ҶʼչҩģҶġ
ҩҶׯ԰
ҶµҲģǷ˺ܶࡣ
Ҷ˺ܶ࣬мǧҩ֮ࡣ
֮صҩҩƺЩ̫һ˵һǴڤı֮ģһ֮صԼֲġ
ҶѾλ׸λƿˣ֪ЩչҩܷԼΪ
븹̫ˡ
ܹõٶȿ϶ܶࡣ
Ҷ뵽һһҩǧҶݶ˵硣
һɹʱյ֮˷ҩǧҶݾȥܿأǧҶݿʼͣطֽ⣬ΪһɹɢڽҶĵ֮С
һǧҶݵǵ󺣵һˮһ㣬ȫƲһ˿Ĳ
Ҷĵʵ̫Ӵˣ
ҶоǧҶݻΪһЩȻЧǳ΢С
̫ӴˣҪЧһ㣬ͱҩ
ҶһӣǧǧҶݷɽ˵硣
ЩǧҶѸٵطֽ⣬ʱյ֮ںϽ˵硣
ǧ꣬õСȵǿڵʱյ֮ŨˣϵҲӵʢ
ʱյ֮Խ棬ϵͻӵطʢʱյ֮ϡͻȥҶĵ磬Ҷʵ֡
ȻǧǧҶЧԣǾŪҩЧΣ
ǧĸҩҶϵ뵤磬Ȼʱյֽ֮
Ϫ۳˽ӣ
ܿأҶڵʱյ֮ʼӿˡ
ȻλûܳƸλǸƸλ춨˻
Ҫҩ
ʲôҩڲҩʱҶȻһ乽״ҩɫ쵣̺ޱȳУֺһ˿ʴ֮
Ҷȷ鹽ĳֶҩзǳǿҵĶԣͨҪ޷ǵʴ֮ʴ֮ͻ˸
ⶫ֪ʲôҩȷǣҩҩǿȼߣҶҩУѷɫʥ
һǷ鹽Ķԣ϶鹽
Ҷ鹽ַţãⶫӵδеϧ
֪Լĵܷ鹽Ķԡ
֮Ҷһԡ
鹽뵤֮У߶ʱյ֮鹽ȥʼֽ鹽
أ鹽ʼ߽⣬ɫ쵵ʱյ֮
ͻȻ֮䣬һӿ겻ĺ
ˣҶѾ׼ҪǵϢ
ʱյ֮ϢǰѸٵ߽⣬ɾ
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ҩѸٵɢھ϶һƬ壬Ϣһ·ײ֮һƬݰܡ
ҺҶĵޱߣҶŲϵϢ
ӿʼŵʱյ֮ҶĳȻߵʱյ֮úܿ죬Ǻڰʱյ֮ñȽˣһֱûдĽչ
ҶȻ֣Ϣƺɫǵʱյ֮Щ
һ˿ԭˣ
Ҷ߶ڰʱյ֮ϵطֽ֮
ɫůڻɫǽա
ʱƣڰʱյ֮ضһЩǿ
ڰʱյ֮֮䣬ˣԻת
Űʱ鹽㱻Ҷȫת˺ڰʱյ֮
λһͻֻʱˡ
鹽ЧͨҩҪǿö࣬ϧ̫һ㣬㹻ôЧǷǳ˵ģ
Ҷ˽һûһӰǸղű鹽
ʲôҩǴŪģҶѯʵ
Ƭ̵һЩӡǸһ˹ģʱǲ֪⾿ʲôΪ˽ϡŹ֪֡Ķȫ£ҲŹҩ
㻹ҵ𣿡Ҷѯʵǻչ鹽Ҷ˵ܳλˣ
Ȼƶص
ʲôֶΣһҪҶ
ǣӦ
Чʷǳߣʱ֮Ǹ˾ͱҶ
һŰֺˣǳСҶԵмսս֮ǰ˲ٶ䣬ажԵ鹽ΪԼˣŵɫס
ò鹽˰ɣ
买ֶҶˣҵʱ˵ʲôһЩǿӲֶΣ
Ҷ΢΢ףǰСˣʵʲô֣
Ҷϴҽк˵֪ǰ켫֯µϴҪһش𲻺ãܿϾͻʧ
ӣҶ֪ԼѾ׼ƽصϵⶫҶһ֮гһ鹽Ӱ
̧ͷһҶ֮е鹽ŵûɢҵѽⶫѵĳˣ
ҶؿͷſǻҶϴĲǹ鹽İΪѯǣûʲôϡŹֵĶҲ뵽Ȼ˾綾ǶȻǵģ
ı飬ҶˣΪ鹽Լ֮ء
û뵽Ȼ˵Сų
㣬ǴӺδõģҶʵ
Ҷϴ֮ؾͷǸؾڴչġʱܹչö֪ⶫжͬеһҪѴжұⶫˣ˵ڰ֪ͲӦð鹽Ҷˡ
֮ؾͷؾһʲôط
㻹ܲҵⶫҶʵġ
һ£̧ͷɻؿҶҶҪⶫʲôȻûף˵ͷԣҲ˵ؾ浽鹽ֻһֱûҪ
ؾ浽鹽
ҽһȥؾչ鹽һϽһ䣬жҪ٣˸һ㸺ϵչǮҵͿˣǸѣҶһ˦׸һǧϽ𣬡ԺУ
ŴϽ𣬺ʱ¶˼֮ɫ
ԭΪԼǻˣû뵽ø
Ҷϴģһƴȫ񣡡ϲӦ
Ҷڰ֣Ѻȥˡ
Ҷ¶˼֮ɫ֪֮ؾͷؾһʲôĵطҪҪȥ뵽ĺҹҶʱ뷨ΪҶħ֯ϴ֪ĺҹ취Ǹؾ


924 ؾ
Ź˼죬֮ͻȻһϢ
֮֮֯һĻ֯ͻȻ켫֯͵ϮȻ֮صĹأ켫ûɱһˣǻ֯˶ǿƷȻѺ
ħ֯ϴ㷲˺ܾã켫ٳûжǶ֣ϲһңҿҶ˸ãĻħҲܿһ١
Ҷֶ磬˼˽֮أһ²ϯ֮صĲƸƿ켫ѹ˻˸飬ħܿҲӻһ
ϳ˼ãͶҶҲһѡ
ȻҲֻôһ£ڤǸ߲֮Ҳһ֮Уʱ鷳ˡ
Ҷׯ԰֮С
Ҷ²ϵطֻ֯ǿߣ˼ӲͷԸͶҶûãĸԸͶҶں塣
ҶƿصѸٵţϵ͸֮ء
ʣһħᣬҶ˵޹ؽҪˣҲûʲôҶĿĲֻ֮أ
ֻ֮Ҷһˡ
һʱ䣬Ҷϵյ˺չ鹽һöһö鹽ʵϵǿ
žʱյ֮ǿַһЩܻ
Ҷʱյ֮˸ʱյ֮ıԴһ
ڵǹӿȵ֮£λ׸λıϣҲ޷赲Ҷ׵ĽŲȻ顣ʱյ֮ڵ֮мӿȣһ㡣
Ҷͻ˵ǰľ磬˸λ硣
ʱҶʵ֪ﵽʲô̶ȣϵꪵĻĺҹҶҲһȻĺҹʵͨ۷ܹģҶη塣
׸λ֮ҶһµǰΪ
ֻƽڵ֮ţһֻƽƺһЩɱ䣬ԼԼ˾ɫ쵵Ĺâͨƽвֻͬƽ޻ոշûãڷš
淨֮Уûĸͳ죬ͨƽ֮ǻụɵġΪƽ޵ʳ̫ˣΪʳǿĻƽ޻ɵһЩĻƽޡҲǻƽ޵Ⱥû취ԭ
Ҷĵ磬ֻĻƽ޸ողһЩͱҶѹȥֻСĻƽ޲
ֻƽޣܿͻҶõԪȫϡЩƽ޵θʵ̫ˣ
Ҫֻƽȫʵ̫ˣҪ֪ǳ֮ʯԪ֮Ķ
һҩ֮ĶȻƽҲԣҶǾ᲻øǳԵģǧҩƽ޵춼
֮£ǳ֮ʯԪ֮Ķϸӻ㡣
ȥǳ֮ʯԪ
Ҫ֮߳أǿȥѰҲУ
ǣҪô뿪֮أ
Ҷеգ֪ΪΣԴٳûйӦԼ
һ£¡
ʱعȥҶÿ춼µںΪÿ춼ͻͽҶں塢ںϵ£ʨүͰҲ½˸λ
µţҶѾٶ۷塢һǧ߰ٶλλµĸš
ƿֲݡ
ҶСӣʲôʱ֮ܳأʨүƵѯҶ
ҶҲƣΪʲôԴǱ߳ٳûжѶѵҪôһֱȴⶼѾһˣ
֮ظ鶼Ѿˣ
֮صĲƸ͸֣ѾҶ£ϡ
ʱҶµ˽֮Ҳ̽˸飬˲ٺöҶҲȥֱֻ֮ڤõһĵطѣ
֪ҶҡҡͷⶼˣԴΪʲôû
Ҷܾе㲻Ծ˵
Ҷ磬˵ĸʲô飬ˡü
Ҷ˵ͷҲͬĲ²⣬ѵԴǾҪһֱ֮أ룬ֻһѡǾǰ֮ؾͷؾˣ
Ȼ֮ؾͷؾǳΣգҶѡ
Ҫô֮أҪôǰ֮ؾͷؾôһ߻ᡣ
Ҷ֮ؾͷؾôһЩģǵһʲôط
֮һ峿켫֯гԱ֮صĸ˻ۼҶׯ԰ˣ
˽Ҷڵׯ԰֮󣬱Ҳû
˵Ҷׯ԰ôһ㣬װˣЩ˶ȥ
һħ񽢳ׯ԰Ͽգһ£Ҷħ֮С
Ҷʻħ񽢳֮صľͷȥ
֮ؾͷǸؾ뿪֮صĳڣҶܾܿͲٻˣе˶ˣȫĵ硣
䡢۵˲֪ԭҶĵȻӴ󣬶һֻӴĻƽޣг𾪡
ôӴĵ磬ֻһЩܲӵУаţҶδضǰ;
֮ϣһӰš
ǲϵظϵһ𣬿ʼ˷
Щںϣƺǵɱɵһ
ĽȿþˣһЩ۷弶ǿߣǸʲôʱյ֮ͣתţǷ·ҶĵΪһ塣
ҶҲоǳȣû뵽Լĵܹô졣
ħд֮صľͷ
Ҷ£ؾڴؾڴкܶǿߣǿҶħ£һϽСرܿˡ
֮ӵħ񽢵ģҶ˭
ҶѾ֮ȨƵˣҶֱ
ҶĿ⳯ԶȺɨһۣмĿôһЩ
ĺҹôҶһЦĺҹͲؾȻһԸ
ȻˣǾɣҶֱؾڷȥ
ؾһ߲ͨͨⲻͣҫâĿƺصӴͨ͸˳
⣬Ҷ·￴
һǿҵϤУ
ͨԱߣʱյ֮ͣתţһС
ҶĿ·𿴵˴ͨľͷһƬأɾһ㡣Ϫˮʣ߲ʵʱյ֮γ˵š
Ҷ֪ǣΧЩΨһһվڴͨͷܿһƬصˡ
˿ģֻһƬڰѡ
˵ͨľͷһƬޱߵĴ½֪Ƿˡ
Ҷͨ˽ȥ
ವһҶʧ˴֮ͨС
ʱڤǺ֮
ǸӰȻСϣĿţӰ֣·𼴽ƮȻȥһ㣬Ҷ̤봫ͨ˲䣬۾¶һ˿ЦݣЦ˵ϲǱǳƽ
ڤ·ԤϵҶǸؾ


925 
߹Ӱӣһɫǰɿӹ
֪˶ã·ӹ޾ա
һʱմʱ䣬κһζҪö࣬˼Сʱ
һͨ˲ܽ˴͵ǳңԶϣҶͨУ㴩˼Сʱ
Ѿ뿪
׻ᱻ͵
ͨľͷʲôط
ڤ֮УΪʲôһͨ
Ҷ¶ɻڱ͵ĹУҶͨ߸ֳӰ񣬰汬ݱȫ̡
ԭֻеһʯͻȻһ죬ʯ˱ըƬγһϵϵݱĹУ
ĵĵطﵮһ޾ӴĴ½ôġ
ǾǴ˵е
Դĵط
ǿ߶̤ƬΪһ죬ֵϱĵطʮꡣ
ÿ궼ѡܶţ͵Ϊľǹĵλ
԰ڼƵϵŶۼڴˡ
֮Уһ壬ų壬ǶǿƵ壬ܶ嶼ӵӴ
һ⣬Щǵأ
ļ䣬ӿ뵽ҶԺ
ڴͨдʱҶϡһЩ䣬ڷǳңԶĻĹʱҲ֮һͼʧˡ
ҶͷĪǴͨľͷ
ڤ֮оȻһͨͨ
ӵЩ䣬ҶȻ䶮˺ܶ࣬ʵں嫵УĴͨͨ򣬶ڤǡռһ
ǣж͵͵ǿƵ÷ǳϵģκη壬˳򣬶ᱻɱ
ȻޱߣҪԶռĽĵطһЩʵĻͻᱻ򣬵ǧ䣬ܹƾǿƽģȴ޼
壬Ƿǳǿġ
ԭҲ֮һ
ҫǺĴ䣬嶼ֻʣһЩŹ£ɢ֮С
ʹܣػ򣬵һһɱֱһ죬Ϊǻĸӹ塭
ҶԺһĻĻǶ彻սʱĳ
Ȼ֮䣬Ҷ·ʲô۾ǰ濴ȥһ޵ĵӰҶǰ
ҶһݣͨĴ֮ͨУǸôǰģ
Ҷ¶һ˿ƽ΢Цڼˣ֪֪˭
ڴ֮ͨУȻܹԼǰԼƽضԻ˵ʵɲ⣡
ڤҶĿ⣬ȻһϬĹâ
ܴȻµˡڤû¶Ҷʼտò
ղЩ䣬ҵİɣҶڤʵ
ڤ΢΢ףȻҲΪܹΣһҪõģ˵ĹؼҹԴ֧Ϊ˰ԴڵĻǾԲġΪ̫Σˣ
Ҷǰ޵ӰڤһʲôˣʲôͼڤǼҪõϵ˵Ķʲô룬ĪǷɵ
˷ɵϻʲôôܣ
һҾͻ뿪ͨرգܷվסţҪԼ컯ˣˣϵǼ͹ˣڤ΢ЦҾӪڤַ꣬ͨѾ͸һЩ嵱СЩ飬Դ֪еһһӲҵĶĿ
ڤĴ֮һߡԴƺһ·ġ
ǶԼķҪػ
һֱڱ˴˵ںУʵҶһָоڤҪ鲻ֻػô򵥣
ڤˣֻҪصǷǳ򵥵ģҸطڤȴռһͨĴͨȻӴڤǡ
ڤĿĵʲô
ͻزȥ
Ҷüͷ壬룬ǰĴͨкܶ࣬Ҳܹͨȥ
Ҷη壬֪˵е򣬵ôһط

˵еģ֮ء
һ½ûб߼ʣһЩ񽢣ͷͷҲҪʱ䡣½һȣֱСÿ
ǿ壬Ƴܶ೬Ѿ꣬޵дڣ
֮أÿ궼кܶǿҪȫɱɢҷЩѾǿߣΪ˻ȥ᲻ֶεؽ
ΪͲ˥ϣһֱȥ
ȻҲǵҪȥͱҪһıӻУĻɡ
һεľҶڤһ˿֮ģڤˣӦСķڤЩ׼ƺе㲻ͬδ֮ǰǲӦ֮ΪС
Ĵọ́Ҷ˫̤ʵء
ǰһҶоޱȵ𺳣һƬΨ磬һжͻһ㣬ƽľʢԶϪӿȥڷïĴ洩
ּʱյ֮Ũþˣû߲ʺ⡣
һʵ̫ˣ
ôŨʱյ֮ѹ˵һ춥ʮ꣡
Ҷǰһһһַǳأӵĸо
磬ÿܵط
ҶʵշҲ÷ǳѣҲȫС
ʱƣҶϰǿϵľǲϵתţʱյ֮ϵӿҶڡ
ֲͬʱյ֮ԲͬķʽϵرҶš
ౣ
ͻȻһС
Ҷпȥֻһֻչмʮף;޴񣬳Ҷ߸
ֻͨҫʵĹâ˵еķһצӼ쳣ǽɵġ
Х¡
ҶоֻƷǷΪԽ۷塣
ȻΣأһֻ񣬾ǳԽ۷弶Ĵڡ
ҶҵϽԶïܵĵط񱼡
ۿֻҪԼˣҶһٻһɵֻԴϼ
ۣѪɽ
Ȼ⵽λƫһ㣬צХŴҶԱ߲
䣡
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ɵ𣿡Ҷֻһۣͷ­ҶɵɫѪӿ
ǰһĻҶˣΪֻԴϵ˿Ѹٵϣܿͻָ˹
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ŭ죬սӿ


926 ؽ
ɵͷ­Ȼ
ҶоɢƱȸղŸӿֲǿ
øϽߣ
ҶԱߵĴȥ
ᡱһڿն𣬳Ҷܵķ׷
Զ޿ӵĵ棬ҲѸٵػָԭӡ
棬ӵһصκκܵ˴֮ѸٵػָҲκ㲻ϡ
ֻȻɵҲûȥ
ҪɱˣҪôһЩǿطѶԷҪôֱӰѶԷ̳Եһ˾ܵأֻҪһ˿ǺһѪûɢҲָܻ
Ҷɿ֮Уֻ񲻶ϵظ壬˳ƬƬ֦ûץҶ
Ҷһֻһڴ֮зɿشš
翴һۣ氢ꡢʨүԵ÷ǳݣרĵš
ǻ֪Ҷڶ׷ɱ
һʱ䣬Ҷڶֻ׷ɱ֮УҶ˲鹽˵ҩ
Ҷһ߷ɱһۼֿزɼ˲鹽ӽ
֮ǰ˺ܶ鹽鹽ҩ԰յѾǳλˣҶ鹽ʱ򲻻鹽ҩӰ쵽еˡ
ڴ֮ת˺ܾãҶ㵽˲鹽֮࣬ȫҶ
Щ鹽ҩҶΪϽ֮ҶϵΧʱյ֮ʱյ֮Ũȣ֮ǰŨֹ
ɫҶӡӡУһһ߹۲Χ
ֻ׷˺ܾãҪҶҶˣҶӡӡֻ֮һֱûѰҶټֻܲʵȥ
ҹĴ֮У޺
Ұޣٶӵеڶ࣬ǵһǿڣЩһٶǸλλĴڣһЩļһڣںڰ׷Ѱţ˴ɱ
ҶӡӡԱܹǣںҹиЩһսҪǷǳѵġ
ڲϵǿʳķ
мָߵ̬
һ̬һꡢ״̬
෽棬һǺֱ֫ߣࡢһ塢ǻꡢѪħȣնǽһ̬̬ǱҪ΢͵һЩ̬ҲһЩ̬ĺ֮ȵȣ˵̬ߵȵġ
̬壬ռ߶˵λá
Ĺ壬ҲǷǳǿĴڣֻǺûˣ򡣲ȻǿķΪзֲ㣬Ѫͳӵ塣
ڳʱûлصѪͳڲϵʻЩǿѪͳ𡣶˳ױǻѹƣΪǻĸӹ塣
ǻ˵ǻ괴ġ
ʵǲһԡ
£嵮һһǿߣЩǿһ⣬ȫǻһˡ
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ǻһ嵱һЩǻǱӻģҲһǻ꣬ηǿ󣬿ʼ˴ģɱϵɱǸϵǿ߲ʵŭ𣬷˼ҵĿ
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ÿһʱ䣬һδģɱ
ҲһЩ壬Ͷħһ塢Ѫħһ壬׷ǿԿǻꡣ
οǶڲϵرţҪػ򼸺ǲܵ顣
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һĻĻ屻ɱӰҶԺзɿӹǳҾ徣Ҷǻһɻ֮þ޷ɢڵħԴҶϽһЩ絤Լƽ
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ޱߵ֮У֪жǿߡ
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ҶЩˣٶҲǳ졣
ΪҶоʱյ֮յϡ˲١
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λ۷壬洦ɼǿ߶ǳԽĴڡ
˸ǵģҶӡУ¶˳˼֮ɫǵ⵽ʲô
ôǿ߸ܿĳصı
ڵʵȥҲֻڻҡ
磬ǿƼ
ЩԽĴڣֱܽѹ
˼Ƭ̣Ҷ׼ȿȥ뵽֮УһЩս̺һЩҲҶо֮мƣҶ֮е֮еˡ
ҶӡӡгпȥһӰ̬ĶС
һǿɨǿ߳ǳƣΨһǣĶͷϳһɫļǡ
ǵһ嵱еĽһ壡
֣ǻᱻģΪ಻壬仯ɽһĻͲˣһбȽǿ壬һ岻ǡ
Ҷʩչ͵컻طͷһǣ˽һǿߵģȻƵسǵĽӽ


927 ż
ԽԽӽƬҶſǰľһĻҶˡ
ԴһƬޱߵĺ
Ƭ㲻֪Σ沨ԣۼƬ֮У֪µײʲô
ںߣ಻ӪʣֳһƬһƬ򣬸ǿ߲ϵؽ
Ӫߵĸ˵ʵǺǿ
ӪʲԶļɽϣһЩǳǿϢǳԽ۷弶Ĵڡ
һĻҶ˹ں·ʲôЩ˱ںӪȻʱ̽
ƬӪʸǿ߶Уûôμ֮и壬˴˵ĵж̬Ȳôǿҡ
֪Լαװ᲻ᱻϳ
һ֮ҶƬӪȥ
ΧǿУ˳϶̬ĸ壬ֻɨһҶ㲻ˡҲнһģûʶҶǿ˿Ҷ֮û뿪ˡ
һʵ̫Ӵˣ򹲷ֶʮݣǲߣڽˣ
ȻЩһǿûϳԼðƵģҶʹ󵨷˺ܶ࣬һ·ȥӪظȻмУǸҩиִսףи޹ǡ꾫֮Ķ
ҶڼϹ˺ܾãռһЩѶϢһ˽⡣
ǿߣͳһд񼶡֮񡢽
󲿷ǿߣֻǴ񼶣ռ95ϣԽԽҲԽϡ٣񼶱ѾϳǿˣͨǿߺܹѾһ綼ָ۷塢ӽ汾ԴĲڡ
֪ϹӡԴ衢ڤֱʲô飬ʷλʲô
˵ʵ׵ػһźˡ
ҩҩ߸Ƚף߽ҩΪϡУҶʥҲҩѣȻѾǷǳϧˣʥҪǿҩȱȽǡ
ƬԲǧ䲻ףֹŰ˵һλµżΧĴ񡢽Ƿ׷ǰ
񣬶ƬżһȤûС
磬ȻǿƣƬɽϣԭֻǼͽ񣬹ͽѾôǿˣ֪߼ĴڣʵǿֲΣ
壬˸֮⣬һЩгȻĴڣǻȵȣ˱֮⣬ǻǿߣ۰һ
֪Լʱܵľ硣ҶţԭԽ֮ϻôǿĴڣֲþڤǿߣҲ޷̤
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СﳤʮֿɰʮŮ಻ͬǣ۾һִɫһͷ䣬ûж䡣
Ȼм֣ȻʮϲϸļǷ۵һ㡣
۾ҶһۣҶоԼǱ׿һ㣬ǿͫ𾪡
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һѿͫһÿҽͮСͮͿˣСͮ¶Цݣǳѣ֪ͫһѺõ壬żһЩ½ͫһ嶺
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һӽٴȥǵذɣСͮһЦҶһҶǸ࣬Բ
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ԶľҶСͮһۣû˵ʲô߿ˡ
ľǺܺã캮һģͫһһ壬캮һͫһ崦ΣգϾҪһгˣСͮһ˿ˡ
һ֮бǺǷǳҵġ屻Ĵܱɱʣ޼ֻʣСǿӳ
캮һ塢ͫһȶ壬ҪһЩҲ᧿Σһ塢ǻһȶǿ壬ӵĸӹгưһ
ľȻͬҶ飬ҲֻΪ˴һһǿǲԸ캮һ彻ġ
ľƾӮһЩ˶ľŵѰԲŶľͿģ˭һ캮һģ
ľСͮ۷弶ǿߣ츳лš
񼶱һЩǿ˵ʲô캮һ塢ͫһ˵ȴǷǳˣҲǽľˡ
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ţҶ΢΢ףԶľͷʾ⡣
ľЩɻΪʲôСͮһһôãһƺҲһô֮߰󣬱˹


928 
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ǿƼһƲ۵ˣܾܿĳЩصĸ֡
Сͮ˭ʱԱһͫһ˹ؿҶ
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СͮһԶһ㣬һǳбв˶˽һǸ괫Сͮ
СͮЦеؿǸһۣûиҶһ࣬΢ЦҶܵ棬ҵˣ
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һͫһ岢ǺܶͷԼе⣬ҶҲ⣬Щ벻ͨǣͬΪͫһ壬СܹͮԼǽһ壬һ࣬ȴ
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ҶѺõͫһ壬˼ֺ档
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Ҷ֣ԶһЩŶӣҲ׷վʼжˡ
ÿһνй̶ʱģֻе˹̶ʱ䣬ǲŻǰ
ͨͨߵĳǳ׳ۣһȺһȺ˽СЩڶ࣬ˣ˵ıȱȽǡ
ЩУľǳ򶨵ǵȴʲôЩҲżصȴľ
Ϊһû캮һ壬ܹôǿĸǶľŷľǺбµġ
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СͮҶһۣͫؿҶһ˿ϸ΢ı仯
ҶһӵеǵţСֲͮؿҶ
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ԭǡѪ;ҲֵȽףǡѪ;ǵĵȽԽߣ츳Խǿ
Ҷǣǵзǳߵȵһ֣
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Сͮǳɰᶮ£Ҷ뵽ҶСͮһ
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Ǹһǿ߳δţǼƬȥ
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929 
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Сһ㣬Ϊ˱⵽ַλ뿪ʱ˺ܶɱ˵磡ľСĵظĸǿߡ
λ뿪֮󣬱Ҳûлʲôطˡ
ǲŸҴ
λһֱɱЩĴ񡢽񼶱ǿߡ
ӽԣľȻȴСĵؿΧ
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ҪƬԸλõȫҳѽԣҪҳƣܱҪˣľһĸǿߡ
ЩǿԵ÷ǳɣĶȻˣҪĴȥе㲻Ըˡ
ûʲô취
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УľҡҡͷõƣԷֱǻ
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ľȴЩˣʲôǿһԣ
棬ɼҩ˭ģҶľƽǾԲƽģ˭֪᲻˲ҩҶľЩǿߡ
ľһµҹһ£ƬԷԲǧףֲ˲֪ҩȫһ׵ҩҲǷǳˣ֮˭͹˭УΨһҪȷһ㣬˲ɱɱ⣡
˭͹˭У
ͦƽģ
Ҷһԣǵ취Щ
򵥣ľһЦ
ҶҲ뵽ˡ
ܿأľҶ˵Ŀ⴫֮£һϢܿشˣɫһطһܴıأкܶᱦأ˵˵ʹҩ
Щǿ˽һ죬һ񣬲֪˶ˣǵͱĥˡǾãȥط
˵ط˱أкܶ˽ܲסջ󣬷׷ȥ
һЩֻȽ٣ֻмʮӣ۷弶ģû
Ƕÿһ㣬Щʶƭ϶ϾͻľҶ˵
ţҶ˵ͷһ˳Էȥ
Ҷ磬ܴǸ𣿡СͮҶѯʵ
һĿܣҲֻ֪ܶһѣܱȫûϣã𣿡Ҷ΢΢һЦʧ򲻿Ҳˡ룬ԷɵƬķ̶ȣû򲻿Ǹ磡
ֻһɵϣҲҪһԣοɹϣǳ
֮ǰЩǿѾȫ̽ˣľݼ¼ͼֽСĵǰ洩ţܲơ
˶ľһҲ̤
գһƶûдǷǳ˳ؾͽӽ硣
һĻûߵĶʮǿߴһ£ľҶȶ̫ѸˣȻѾƻõģ
Ǳܿƣ
Īа취ͻǵ磿
֪ͨӳԵĽƣ
Ϣܿشˣǿִ˷۶
һ㣡ľҶصЩǿ뿪ңԶܿͻ
ףҶ֣صص˵ͷһɵƬѾ֮С


930 ջķ
ҶеķɵƬޱȣ˸ž˵ĺâ
Ҷʱյ֮ѷɵƬţ˿Ҷֻʹʱյ֮ѣʱյ֮ӦҶķɵƬ
ʱյ֮
ľԼ󷽵ĸǿ߿Ҷʱյ֮󣬶Щ죬һ岻ֻһʱյ֮
Ҷֵľٶľ˲׹ʲôľ˼ؿһҶıӰ
Ȼ֣ǲûйע⣬ֻǰĿͣҶģҶʲôƬ磿
ǿһȫܰ쵽顣
ҶԱߵСͮȻҽȥʱҪٶȸϣȻܿҩ
Щһеҩޱȵؿһͷͷһ㡣
Ҫٶˣпϡ
ţСͮ˵ͷ˿Ҷģһ˿ɫȴʲôû˵
ҶĿ⿴Զԣ֮ҫһҩеƣҶƬӨ͸մһ¶飬þеѤĿĻ䣬ΣһõŮӡеĹһƵĹӣ߲ʹâ
Щµҩٶһס׵ģ
һҩǳ󣬾һҩҲͨǿܹõģڶҩ͸ˡ
Ҷʥҩʥֻܸıǿȣҩͬ޷ǿΪ󲿷ҩǿΪģ
Щҩǰ
ҶľЩˣ¶Ŀ֮ɫ棬ҩм֣ʮ֮࣬һһҩ൱ϵвƲοô࣡
Ҷָ֮¶ЩɵƬĵ⣬˽ϡ
ۣ
һ죬类ɵƬĵ׻
ɵƬĵޱȣҶԹһЩ޷նĽɵƬȴ׵жϡ
Ҷȷɵʱ򣬺ܿһĴڣ
ɵ֮޿ƥУҲһ
綹һױп
Щ¶ޱ֮ɫǿ磬Ȼ׵ؾͱƿˣ
Щ˻𾪵˲䣬ҶѾϻһڣಡһһ˽ȥСͮҲԡ
ЩŷӦľӦ죬ҶСͮҲ֮С
Ƚ
Ƚ
ΪȽ磬мǿ֣СͮĻǱһ߷Աߡ
ǲɵôҶ̫ƻˣ򿪵ڸոչһȥЩΪֵ壬Ͳòʩչ󷨡Щ״̬ͿˣֻһָСķ϶ҲѸٵȥ
Ȼڴ˼ҵЩ˻ǲϵ뵽ԵС
Ҷһԣһʱյ֮һҩƲݾȥ
ף
Ҷһȵط֣ʱյ֮Ȼ޷Ʋݾ
һ㵽ҩÿһҩԣԲô׾ͱģЩҩǿа֮ϾͻһѸٵɢ
԰ҩʱ򣬶רŵķ
ҶѸٵɨۿռУϹµЩ鼮һһ֣˸ҩĲɼ
ֻǷɿһɨѰҵ˱Ʋݵݡ
Ʋݼͬĵط϶˵ļƬѿطԷֻҪǼƬѿռɣ
ҶæɵƬƲ϶˵ѿ
Ծ˵ٶȣɿոűƲݵѿƬ֮ռ˼ƬҶĶ硣
ɨоҩҩȽǿҶѸٵعȥո
Щһ׵ҩȫҶˣҶĿǶϵҩ
ƺ׵ҩȽ٣Ҷֻ꣬һʮöҶ˵ֱӽ˵棬ľϵϡ
Σܿͻ˹ߣʱθʱ
һݣҩɢҶֱ˵硣
ٺҶûҵҩˡ
ҩѾǷǳϧˣҲҪǵ
ҶӳȥԶ˺ܶҩʱЩ˲ŷ׷׽ԣѾҲҩˣõҲǶ׵ģ󲿷ֶһ׵ġ
ԽԽ࣬˶ţһƬңҩʱȫЩҩǷ⵽𻵡
ǿЩβɼҩСһ㣬ЩȫȫֱȥΡ
Щҩ֮󣬱Ѹٵƾɢ
ȫЩΪطиҩ㱻ƻһ꣬ǻȥģ
ܿأ֮һƬǽ壬
һһҩ
ಣԽԽǿ߽֮Уֻһ꣬ÿϰġ
УҶˣܹŰٶҩ׵ҩܹ꣬䵽ҶҶõ߰ٶ׵ģʣµһ׵ġ
սʱҶֻס׵ҩһ׵һۣԽԽ࣬׵ҩˣҶֻٶһҩ
ҶһСͮľҲջķᣬСͮռٶҩľջٶҩн붼Ƕ׵ġ
ЩȽ׬ˣŶĸǿջҲƣٶջһ꣬ջһ꣬붼һ׵ģڵ׵֣Ҳ㹻˷ˡ
ҶЩһɫǿҶĿⶼ˺ܶࡣ
Ҷ磬Ǹòôҩ
ЩȻҲϣһ㶼һ׵ģ׵ֻõ˼©֮㡣
ľҶ˵ҩѾòˣǵ˱ˣҲˡ
һεջǺݺݵ׬һʣôҩǽ׽񼶱˵ܹﵽ۷壡ÿһֱӱ
Ҫټȥпܱʸ֮ģʱͺȫˡ
ߣҶѸٵȥ
ľСͮ׼룬һȺ񼶵ǿѾΧȥ
ǣܷߣ
ǾȽԵȺˣ
ľһüͷ׼Сͮȳ壬ǺܿأߵĴԽԽ࣬ѾﵽٶԽһࡣӽһľ۾ӵأԽһġ
ҶЩһǿߵУ˭ûע⵽˭֪ҶǵһԵˣҲ֪Ҷǻˡ
ľСͮһʮסˣ޷
ŶһЩûбֵģĵػȺˣҲһЩȻûбΧȺв鿴
ľСͮʮٶ񼶵ǿ߸Χˣȫó˱˷ƣؿΧЩǿߡ
鷳ˣҶüͷľСͮȱΧҪЩѡ


931 ݱ¶
ǿ߽ȥ·ȫսš
ЩǿߵУͷһ׵Ľһǿߣıͨһ˸˺ܶ࣬㽫׵׳ΰȫǱļ⣬ֳһѽɫ޸
ͭһ۾ľСͮȡ
ͭţ۷弶𣬾һ˿ѣŵһѴĶ𸫣
Ѷ£ͷߣĻ˴ǵ֮ͭţ羪׹ΧһЩǿѪڡ
ľվ˳صͭţľ޶Թԣöҩƾ£ǷҪľ֤һ㸶ۣ
ľϣһɾ˵ĺɢıۼߣһսס
еĻҩζ˲Ũ˺ܶࡣ
ͭţЦľ캮һǲþҪгˣҩҲûʲôãɴ໹ǸҰɣͭţɫ֮͸ɱ֮
˫ţɱȻͭţ߽һǿԽԽࡣ
濴һԱȹСͮҾ˵ǸҶס˵ЩһĶǸҶģǼһﲻ֪ȥˣһЦɣ϶ҩҲߣ
棡Сͮһ棬Ҷ粻ˣСͮӵͫԿҶǺǻЩƾ죬ҶôοҶǽһġ
СͮĿƳԶЩһǿߵУҶ΢΢һЦ
ҶСͮЩжҶȻûǶ뿪
սһ˳ͻ˫滹ǧ񼶱ǿΧۡ
˵עߡ
һô࣬ľ²ˡ
ľСҲЩͣڽɫõ˲ٺöĶ͵ģڰߣвʪЬ
˵ľĶǵһԵģǵõҩ࣡мĿ˸̰Ĺâ
ѹͭţ̲ס
ǿԣֲôҩľ˼ȻǵһԵģ϶˲ҩ
ľҪˣͭţĶֲ֣ôࡣ
ľҿ˱Ƚ˳ۣ㽻ҩԺңҾԲ㣡ͭţľ΢Цŵ˸һȵԸ
ҪҽҩǲܵģͭţҪǸƾ£˭Ц󣡡ľɫڲݻô꣬ǻѿ
ʿɱ裡
ľϣһɹɺţʱյ֮תԡ
˿̵ľ˵⾳ƶﵽ۷塣
ͭţ΢΢۾ֻһ֮ʵľҪǿܶ࣬ľʱ͸⾳ƣȴомľ
Ȼ캮һһû壬Ͼ嵱зǳǿȺ֮һһЩģľС
ͭţһеĶ𸫽š
ľĸǿҲʱ׼սˡ
ֳĿڽһһǿɨĿҶϣʱг˳޵Ĺâ
㣡ЩһǲģȻûģѾɱ۾ָŻڽһ嵱еҶ
˲нһǿǵĿȫ۽Ҷϡ
㣡Сͮ˶ţֱҪˣôôûӣ
Ҷ̲סһ滰˲䣬ͻȻϰٵɵ
ಣ
ϰٵɵ˷
ۣ
ɲǼ䣬һһһǿ߱ɵ䴩
ţһһɵ
أ
ɵը˲ըһȺˡ
Ҷʵ֮ЩɵǰҲ˴ȵ۷尤һǣҲܲҡ
ҶٶȺܿ죬Щ˲䷢ģЩһǿ߸ûӦôҲ벻Լ˻Ȼѡ
ٶһǿߣһոһƬн֮࣬һȺ˺ߺʹ಻ѣȻκ˵Ļָúǿɵɵ˱˵ָûô졣
һĻͭţŭˣû뵽Լһ嵱УȻ˸첲յͽ˲ɱôˣ
Ϊһ壬Ȼɱ¾ͬ壬Ϊ棬ɱͭţȵеĶĿ𸫣˲ųҫ۶ĿĹâҶն¡
ҶУĺӰ֮ӽնһ׳ĽӰ
һ
һǿ𵴿
ҶˣͭţҲöԭء
ͭţľѣҶʵȺѷɫ
ʱҶѾ˵ľСͮȵߣҶһԱߵ棬Ƴȥ
Է㶣赲Ҷöࡣ
žһ죬汻ҶһĶ⣬ȫɱ˫ۣһǴ
ΪһҶڵм䶼ǹҪҶ
һ˿ѪĿԹضҶ
Сͮһ棬ղŲͺҶˣʱĴһ˿ǸΣСͮҲԭˣȴĴԹޣѾֻխˡ
棬ѾʺϵҵĻˣλصҾͻ峤󣬽Ļְ񣡡Сͮ棬Ȼһ̾
СͮȻΪһˣҪҵĻְ񣡡̧ͷĿ֮ŷŭݺݵصһҶղȷʵǹģСͮһǿҵռҶվڽһ嵱УȴСͮüȥܲˬ
棬ϣܵһЩѵСͮü
ݺݵصһҶȻ˵һߣԼҶĶ֣οСͮҲվҶˣ˿СͮıӰΪǵŮˣǿ㳤Ư峤СŮ˭ĸԸĻȻ㲻ʣͲҪҲ壡
ҶоĿ⣬֮ԱǣǴеǰҾúˡҷŹ㣬ҪԺ󻹲֪ǾͱҲˡ
ͭţؿҶоҶʵʱȥ
ǰһԽԽ࣬ѾˣǴģ˵У۷弶ģʮˡ
Ҷ磬ô죬ԽԽˣСͮؿҶҶзǾԼ߰ɣ
ģûµģҶһЦôˣȫҪǾúôһܣ
ͭţҶŭ㱻ƭˣ㲻ҽһģȻαװķƭǣб£棬Ҷôױ¶
ΪܳҳʵһҪǿһЩܶԸôһģͭţߺЦ
Ըǻ򵥣ҶЦһҪһһϣһϣҪһ˶Ҷ滹ˣҪȫôɣ
ΧǧǿĿȫ۽Ҷױ¶ԼĵơǱ˷֣أ϶Ҫ鷳
Увǲٴνģ
ҶĿɨۿռ͵磬¶һ˿ΣյЦݡ


932 ٣
Ҷ΢һööҩľСͮԼһڶԱǷȥ
ʲôСͮЩҩɻʵ
ϽȥɣҶ
ľСͮûκγɣҩȥˣԥƬ̣Ҳ˵ҩŶֻûõҩ
ҿǲײĲᣡһϣɱǣͭţͨ죬¶Ѫ֮ɫ

ٽһĺѪ졣
һóģǳȺսۼһϵɱ¾֮˴Ӱ죬ﵽ˶ʢĳ̶ȡ
Щǿ߷׷׳Ҷľ
һɹǿϢХ֮
ľСͮȶս׼ؽһҵս֪жܹųȥ
ۿŽһǿȫһҵĴսʼҶ΢΢һЦһгһű
ͨ尵죬״ͬһ
ǧ¾Ѫ
ԵޱȣɱԼһͷţַԲǧǧ籩һϸ롣ͨλ֮µǿ߰һϸ룬̼㻯Ѫˮ۷弶ģҲҪо綾ղܽ
ҶǰľСͮȳµĵҩ¾ѪĽҩ
Ҷжһ䰵ɫ¾ѪΧĸǿһ£漴һɫ䡣
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Ϊ¾Ѫⶫʵ̫Եˣ
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۷弶ĻһЩֻжѣ֮һص༸СʱܽⶾλڵľͱˣֱӻΪѪˮ֮ЧǿҲûʲôð
ͭţҶ¾ѪҲֱɵˣԸо¾ѪɢĿֲϢһ¾Ѫһù
ղţҶľСͮȥĵҩǾ¾ѪĽҩ
˶վס֣ͣͭţϽŭɫš
һҶ¾Ѫ˶꣡
ٽһǿͣǿҶ¾ѪҲҶˣһͷƤˡ
ǿǴ˵е¾Ѫ
ֹһЩ¾Ѫ֮ڣ¾Ѫ޵аĴڡʱʱ¾ѪĴ˵¾Ѫӣ¾ѪĿֲӡǳ̡
û뵽¾ѪµĶ
һȫŵð
Щһǿ߳ʱҶѾ׼¾Ѫˡ
һʹ¾ѪǱȻǷǳ׳۵ĳ档
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ֵܣлú˵еᣡͭţϽŻεЦŵ
¾ѪвͭţȫɥʧΧҶ˵
Ҷһʹ¾Ѫǽһض׵壬ʧء
ȷʵǸᣬҪôˣµߣԲλ鷳ͭţڨڨЦ
ǰƶι
Ҷһͭţ̬ת̫ˡ
û뵽¾Ѫû¾ѪأͭţЩ˶ŵƨˣ
ͭţٽһǿ׼
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ͭţֻӲŤͷû취ǵҶ
ôͭţƵؿҶҶͣذ¾Ѫǲ󷢺
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ͭţݺݵضҶŭ㲻Ҫ̫֣
֣ҶЦҲ֮֮УǵģȻǣǸЦ
ͭţʮƣ͵ɷʴһףҪҶЩˣҶЩ˸ˣ
㣬ʮǰǬȫӹҪֵǮĶҶһͭţ˵
ҩ͹˰ɣҪеĶ
԰ʿɱ裡
һǿغеĲ
ãȻˣǻʲô˵ģҶҪ߶¾Ѫ¾Ѫųҫ۵ĺ⣬ʱڷıԵ
ȵȵȣȵȣлͭţϽ֣о¾ѪųѪϢԴһ顣
һҶ߶¾ѪڳЩһģ۷岻ΪѪˮжǻᱻҶǸɵ
㻹ʲôҪ˵ģҶƳͭţһۣߵ
ͭţЩ˵ʿɱ衱Ľһǿϣ˭˵ʿɱ裿ǲ˵ģ
ͭţȰĴƺݺǼһǿߵԴϣǴԴֱ졣
ЩƢǿĽһǿֻԴƾͭţ
꣬ͭţһǾǴɷ죡űʲôãʧһЩʲôҲһЩѡûˣǾʲôûˡ
Ҷһʹ¾Ѫٸһǿߣ˲ͻһ룬ͭţҲо綾СʱڶָʱҶضһݣЩûҲһ
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ѡͭţԻѡһ֣ٱһ
ͬˣȻƵԸӣͭţֻʵʵóǬӸҶ
Ҫҷ˽ʲôͱҲҶһǿߣһ˵
һڽһǿֻܿЦ
һһǬ˳
ҶһЩǬȫУܹٸǬ治֪װЩʲô
Ҷ˵һδ׬
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û뵽¾ѪȻ˺ãһͷɵôˣҶΪ⣬뵽ǧ𣬲ĴмҪǧ͸¾ѪҲû취ôһˡ
Ⱥһǿ½½ؽеǬȫ׸Ҷ
Ȼģȴ޿κΡ
ľСͮ㶵ؿһУԭΪҪһĶǵĴսȺ˺ܿȫҪˣȴû뵽ҶôһתۣȻƾر¾ѪֱӰȺһĸȫϴˣ
ǶҶͶأ
ٸǬҲ֪Щһռ˶ҩƻвٱܸ˭ˣ


933 ǿߣ
ϴЩһǿߣҶˬ
ˣҵĿ˫ֱͷųһţ£ر뿪ҶЩǬɫش
ҶĻнһȫɵۣΪʲôҪ˫ֱͷΪʲôųһţ
ʿɱ裡ƾʲôҪô޴飿һһǿ߲ش䣬ͭţݺݵǸһǿһơ
ʲôʿɱ裬ͭţֵصǬˣʲôģ
ǣһǿһ˫ֱͷŶУ뿪ˣÿһϵı鶼߷ȴ޿κΡ
һĻľСͮһ̿ҶδҲ̫һ㡣
ҶǲܴȥΪǱ߿ܻ񼶵ǿ߹ľصص񼶵ǿ֣߳ôҶ¾ѪҲûãΪ¾Ѫֶ񼶵ǿ߸Ч
Ҷ˵ͷԼʵԸ۷ĻԣǶԸ񼶱ľͲˡ
ȫһ־磬
ߣҶһ£ľСͮȳһӣһڶԱǷ׷׸ϡ
һ£ҲҶľСͮȵĺ棬ҶŭΪҶղŷָľСͮԼԱҩʱ򣬶©
ղҶó¾Ѫ߶¾ѪŵòᣬΪҶһʹ¾ѪôȫûлĻˡ
ȻҶûó¾Ѫӹһ٣ǰҶ˳ˡ
ʱҶѾȫˣȫڡ
һǿ߷ɿķ
Ƭ֮֮Уಣһɨ񼶱ģһǽһǿߡ
ʲôǸһǿһŭͭţЩһĴǿߡ
Ϊͭţһǳֵ飬˫ֱͷųһţֱѽһˣ
оͭţ
ͭţͷ亹ֱðĸҽͣˣ׷ǵҩ
Ȼͭţľٶǳջ𣬵Ǹǿû׷Ҷһܵķ׷ٶȥ
ԽƵһߣҶ÷ɵƬϴһȱڡ
Ҷ׼ԵһͷȥЩ׷١
Ҷȱ֮ʣһ׷ٶǿޱȣɽѹ
⻹ֻһѣûҶоĪѹѹҪһ㡣
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ߣҶȵһŷӦһѸٵҶƿĿ
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ҶһꪻӳﴦľԾ˵ٶתţȵй
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۷֮Ĳ࣬һ˸һ飬ȫһεġ
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Ҷҧ֧ţʥ屾ŷǳǿĻָټӿʹĻָﵽ۷塣ǿĻָҶͼֲסˡ
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⳯Ҷ


934 ս

̺֮ĻԵϢҶоһַսԽ
ҶףԲǿߵĶ֡
֮ҲΪûܵסǸ׷һһɱ紴һ»ᣬľСͮܡ
һǹԲӲӣоǵϾҪԼˣҶ߶һеӡವһӡС
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ǼǿûϵκΪһǿߣȻκβһ񼶱ģҶˣһ顣
ҶֳһЩҲĴǣûг֣ǿĵꪣĪط˻⣬Ȼǿĵӡ
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ǵøϽߣľ߶ʱյ֮Ҷӡ
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ҶƷǳأˣ˿ѻָľС֣ͮҶã˿ڵĻָٶȻ൱ġ
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ģҶǿˣܣﻹһƬޱߵĴ֮Уǰ濴ȥһŵĽɫ߼ʡ
ǿܻǳΣգԴһҪСһ㣡ľԵʮ־衣
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Ҷһɫ·תžʱյ֮ղһսҶƺһЩµ


935 ̫
ϵĽҶ·оµںϡ
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컯ǳӡҲһЩı仯ǳӡϣγһǵӰڶ컯ǳӡۼһ𣬾ǳһ㡣
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һһҩ൱ǧͨҩ
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СѪͳһ࣡
С컹̫СˣԲϵĻ֮ϢȳԺ֮ϢڣΪضǡ
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ʢҶ壬Ҷļѣ˺ܾòƽ
Ҷ߲ͣؽţҶԾضˣ
ڤ˵ҪʦҲ²ڤӦǱģҶĬƬ̣˵ԭ
ڤͼҷǳȻȷʵǱģҲõˣǵøǾһۣĳЩĿһµģֶֻαȳ˺һ㣡߳˵
ڤģȻڤûнӴҲ۲ڤܾˣڤ¾ʱ򣬾߲ûгЩʲô
ʱʼ֪߱ڤһЩĿġ
ɱ壬ֶȻ̰ԵһЩһεľٶڤǾ޷ڣڤҲһ
ǻһ¾壬ڤҲ·ˣΨиǻһһս
ڤ˵һȻ޷ڤʵǻһǲܷŹڤģڤҪߡϹӺ
Ϊ̫ˣԸűǻһ׵ѹˣ߲п뵱ڶѸٵ˥


936 
ӿ˵һЩǿǻ꣬Ѿڹ۲ˡ
衢ڤϹӵȱضЩǻߡ
Ԫǡڤǻˣ׼ʱ׼ӭսǻꡣ
תڤǿԸҲһЩʱһȥģ߶Դ
ʦҪڤ棿Դһ٣ĸоУڤʵɲ⣬֪ﵽʲô磬ͬҲˣ󳬼ǿ棬˭ǿ
ʦڤʵǳǿҪСĲǣԴѾߵϾѲǵǰ㶦ʢʱˡ
뿪̫ãٹ껹޷صô߽ȥ֮СǾּǿߣ޷͵ɽģΪһᱻһЩǿע⵽
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硣
ҶȻ֮УƮƮ·һ磬Ҷоµأһ޴֮ʯϵسɢĳǿ
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ѹĸٶô죬ǵԴȪ
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ҶزǵϢȷǸղЩͬһˣǴðյǿߡ
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Щǿߵм䣬һֻޣֻͨҫŽ⣬ǧףһԳ򣬾һֻ޴𣬵ĳҪֲö࣬צҲǷޱȡ

ֻ޲ͣţ⡣
ΧЩ񡢽ǿ߲ϵؾ£ɢͣعֻޣھ˵˺ۣȻ޷ɱֻޡ
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һĻҶ˻񡢽г֮սܹġ
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֪˵ıʲôطҶĿӹƬգԶȥֻԶһƬڰգһڷǳңԶĵط
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ҶСĵƿƬҵս򣬳Զеһȥ
Щ񡢽֮սǳңǸעҶΪҶΪ̫СˣżһҶӹɨҶ֮ҲѸٵӿˡ


937 
ҶԶԶƿЩ񡢽񣬵Ǳߴ̫ңһɹɿֲɢ
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һƺҶϣʱҶ˳ȥۡ³һѪ
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ҶĿǰΪƬ֮и粽У
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ҶűԵشͣѰţʼ޷ҵڡ
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Ҷӻƽ޵­ಣһǳ蹹ɵСս˵档
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ЩԪҶ۾·ˣôԪ֪ιֻƽޣԲ٣


938 
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ЩշĻƽޣҶȫƳ˵磬Լʳ
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ҶܣҶʱ׼һսˡ
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Ҷ΢΢ͷЩϢ֮ǰˡ
ڲݣʮףʮ׶۷弶Ĵڣֻһ㣬Ǹݣ֮ӵһλףôڲݾͻѸٵţΪưһĳһҲˣʮ׵ռһϯ֮ءǺҸһһսʧȥ֮λǿƽ˵ţ˵ʱҲ޲
ʮףǲǿĴڣǿ
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939 ʥ֮
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һ屻Ҫ𣬶Ҳػһϣ˫йͬ棡
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ҶĴǣĻǲʵ⣿ǱͼѪһҪǿռų·
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ҶĿɨһʥ֮ȻҪõʥ֮򣬵ǱϾСҪ
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Ҷ̧ͷų飬˵лǰ⣬Ҳһ޷ƿصıϣ
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ʥ֮ǾԲܷŽģһ鷢˵磬֪ʲô鷳Ҷһʥ֮ǿɫӽ˻ۿռ档
뻤ۿռ֮󣬳Ҳûг֣Ҳûа͸ɼҶ㹻ĳ⡣
ʲôʱǰ½磿Ҷۿռ䣬ʵ
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ô뿪Ƭ磿ҶʵһЩͽں棬ʵЩһһ鷳飬ҶЩͽĶ֡
ֻܴ·أп뿪棬ҪԼˣ˵һ棬ǾԲ뿪ҶĻۿռģĻЩʵ׾ܲڣ鲹滹ǰµĲȤ԰ߣûȤˡ
Գ˵ЩѾˣӵҲÿϧǶҶ˵ȴǳҪ
ǰЩ
ЩѾǵλãֻһЩģӡ󣡡Ƭ˵
ЩԳ˵޹ؽҪϳֻʣһƲл꣬ܶѾ飬Щˡ
ҪҪȥѰЩ
ıأǷǳ˵ģõЩʲôҶ˵棬ոռЩԪЩԪܹιʮֻƽޣ
ǻֻǱصһֶѣĴͷȴ
бﵱУҪĵȻʥ֮򣬵ʥ֮Ҷ޷ʹã˵ǰʱ϶вٱϾǲʮ֮һ
˰ЩҶֻϸˡ
ҶŻƽޣմڻƽͷ­ҶϵѰŸ
ҶʱԽԽĸǿ߽֮У񡢽񲻼Ҳʼ˵̺ʽ


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񼶱ǿߣƿ˵һֻǼ򵥵ã񼶱˵ڶսʱƿʱ䡣
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ƬҪˣ
֪ʲô飬һǿѹǿ棬޷ά֣ʼ飡
Ҷɨۿռ䣬Ҫѯʶʥ֮ĳ飬ǲٻĲл궼ûг
Ҷˣд٣Ѹٵذѻƽȫս˵֮С
ಡһҶһѺۣ漫ٷȥ
Щ񡢽Ҳ׷׳漤ȥ
һӰɳ˽ɫǿ޴ʱΪʲô顣
֮ǰȥǸСӣһͻȻָҶе
񡢽ǿߵĿҶϡ
Ҷһݣû뵽ղŽʱ˸עˣѸٵػһӰ񱼡
Щ񡢽ٶȱҶ죬ܿ쳯ҶΧ
Сӣؿܣ
񼶵ģҲǵѣߺߣ
Ǽ񡢽ѸٵؽӽҶһĵڶѾҶ׼Ҷ׽
Ҷƾճ֣ɫأѾ׼սˡ
ȻڵʵһĶ֣Ҳ־͸ꪣ߶ȫǸĵڶȥ
һһ񼶵ģҲҸԿ
ǿĵڶҶȥ
䣡
ҶնǸĵڶϣ޷Կڶ˷Ҷѹ˹
ۣ
Ҷ³һѪҪѹɻҽһ㡣
У̫ǿˣ
ʰ㣡ǸЦһڶҶȥ
ʱλѾѽɫ·ĿҶϡ
ףλ¶Щȡ֮ɫָ㣬һɹɵӶȥ˲佫Ǹĵڶ߽⣬Ҷ


941 ͫһ
ǸһӣһѤ£ķҶһʧԭء
һ񡢽̧ͷʱ򣬱㷢ǸѾҶ뿪ˡ
ĿؿһǸʧķһ
µɫǳµģǲݵһλס˳ղصı֮⣬һǳҪĶǾʥ֮
ʥ֮浮ֵ֮ʥ֮һ
֮ǰ¾˳һ壬Ϊ˶ʥ֮
һδսʥ֮ѣ֪ܵ֮󼸴Ҳûҵʥ֮ټ
һηֳĽɫǻûüǽһмλչص׻㱨ͱλˡȻֻн۷壬Ǹ漸λô꣬۽绹һЩġ
λǻԣڲݵϲռɽΪ۷һλǿߣλ񼶱ĵӣոսż֮꣬񼶱ĵӲҲһС
λ֮λƺ⣬һֱû֮λʮλǻ֮䣬Ҳûʲô¶ˡ
뾡챨ʦ֪
Ҷߣ˽Сʱմ֮ٴ۾ҶһƬ಻ɽԲǧɽϷһޱȵĵһӰЩ֮ϣ
ǻԻЩǿ߷׷۾ǻԣصʦ𣡡
ʦˣңԶɽͷһ񼶱ǿ߳ǻԹ˵
ǻԵ˵ͷһɽеһС
ܿأǻԻΣҶվǻǰƽϡ
Ҷһǻԣ֮ǻȫûƣһƽͨˣҶȻǻԵһͨˣ²ǻ԰ԼĿġ
ģǻӵؿҶѾǳˣżһЩģҲǿ˳ȥ
ǽһ壬һǾԲݵġ
Ҷ˵ͷǻΪһȻǷǳױܿݡ
һֻһǿߵʱһλǿߵ飬λǿ߸˵ҲرҪҴӦһԺ󵫷壬ӻͰͿˣǻԿһҶһӣӸҶһöɫ£αװױⶫ֮ʯαװòҲѿﻹһ飬һˣ
ллǻǰҶмصǻԿûж⡣
ƬȥƬԻӻ㣬뿪Ƭ޹ˣǻԶҶڰֵ
û뵽ǻԻû˵ʲôԼ뿪ˣҲǣǻԾԼΪһŵһһʲô˵ģ
Ҷ׼뿪
ǻͻȻֽסȵȡ
ǻԵĻҶͷɻؿǻʵǰʲô飿
Ƭ棬ûзʲôֵĶǻԿҶʵĿ䣬˿ס
ֵĶҶһȴװʲô֪ӣѯʵСĵⱻǻԲתҶʮֵƽ˿һ˿
һɫ״塣ǻԵУ˸Ŵ͸ĵĹâôֱֱؿҶ
ɫ״ûСҶһҡͷƽ˵ھǲͣתһжܺõ
ǻԶҶƬ̣˵ͷڰֵˣ߰ɣ
ҶתȥǻԿҶıӰ˼ʲôҶǿʥ֮ôһᱻ֣һ񼶵ģǰѣǿ϶ᱻġ
һҪշʥ֮Ҳǲܵ顣
ǻ벻ǣʥ֮ȷʵҶϡ
һģǻǲôϵģ˵Ǿ֮ͰˣɨӽĽɫֽɫʲôûС
Īǳʱûаʥ֮棬ʥ֮򵽵ǻüͷ벻ףӰһ붴ˡ
ǻһ㶼ڶоޣһǳȥѣشӽ˳µĽɫųֽɫΪСھҶһΪһŵһ棬оҶһЩصϢҲ͸Ҫ۲۲Ҷ
Ҷ뿪ˮɽȥģҶضˮɽд
ǻԵĶҶһҿǻǰʱû¶ȻǻԾԼԼһЩݣǻԵͼҶǲô׽ĵġ
ʥ֮ʥ֮һǿΪ֮ɱԽ
θ񡢽֣ҶԼΪʵ̫ˣʱǻԱӻһҪϽ
ҶˮɽһƧĵطһʯͷʼ̧ͷȥֻ֮һӰţЩӰׯϣӲǧЩǻԵĵӣк񾳽ģ
ǻԾȻ񼶱ĵӶС
ǻУҲǷǳǿĴˡ
ҶͣһҩϵԼΪò˶þͿԵ۷弶ˡ
һ죬ҶΪ˺ܴĹ̡
ƺǸоǻԵĴڣʥ֮ĳл꣬һֱʵʵشţҳ
Ҷ˵磬ľСͮʵǵļҪҪҰͻȥҶ˵һԼλá
캮һλ÷ǳңԶľʱǻزˡ
˵ҶˮɽСͮ˷ܵصͫһסˮɽԱߡͫһֻһλڽ񾳽磬ܵǻıӻûб壬ͫһв˶ǻ£
Сͮĸͫһ峤Ҳֻн񶥷ѡ
ȥ￴ɣҶСͮ΢Цŵ
ţСͮͷ
Сָ֮ͮ£ҶˮɽľͷȥƬˮɽԶԶؿһƬڿеĽ
ƬȺϿգһž޴۾ҫ۶ĿĹâӲͣתţ۾һۣһӱһ㡣
ҶСͮӵⰢҲˣάè̬Ҷļϡ
ڵ棬СͮѾǳˡ
Ҷ磬㣬ӭͫһͣСͮЦݵص
ϾܻؼˣСͮСд˷ܵ飬Ƭȥ
ҶͰСͮһ졣
ǽһͫĿ۽СͮҶаϡ
С㣬
Ƿ׷СͮϹ˿Ҷֻ꣬Ǵ񼶵ǿߣûᡣǽϣҪͫһľסҪϸ̲ģ񼶾ûʲôҪˣΪͫһȫûʲôв
Сͮ治֪ʲôطð˳ĿһСͮҶϣɫһ
ǻɫʱ˳صУΪҶСͮѾˣû뵽ǾȻˡ


942 ͫ峤
С֮ͮҲûʲôɫγһУѾΪ˿
֮Ѿеļλ˵СͮѾˣǱҶģСͮƽЩ
ߵʱһĸߴս׵ͫһǿ˳͸һɰԵ͵Ϣ
ףˣغ
Ҷ˫΢΢һУԭĸס
Ǹ˶˵ͷȻһСͮԼҶ꣬СͮСͮ˾ͺáĿдӣһָ߸ϵĸо
ȻСͮ峤ŮȻûһ˿ζ
ʱ·ϣҶѾСͮͫһ״ˣĸףͫһĳϣ۷壬ͫһڣʵСͮĸף峤
ͫһ壬ܹλ۷ǿߣԼʮλͨĽǿߣд»ΪƿصΪӴ
Сͮȥ峤ɣ⼸ܳȥ峤ܵģһҶһ˿ɭĹâɣ
УҪҶͰȥ״ˣСͮ¶һĨǵɫ
һС֣ͮһһֻޣȥ峤űˣ
СͮüҪҶͰߣǾ鷳ˡ
УҪȥףСͮĿֱֱؿɫᶨ
ŭӿǺܶͷŮȻҲôײ˵ɲ㣬˽ܳȥѾ棬û췣أִİ˵ͫһ壬ΪͫһĳϣȻȨǵĵϸ
վı¶һ˿΢ЦɨҶͰһۡ
Ҷջ𣬴ʱῴͼ
ǰҸոռǻ˵ˮɽУκεطҿȥĪͫһˮɽҶһؿ
һݣĿ絶ҶҶļǻˣǻҶˮɽȥǾԲҶҶģȻͫһأѾˮɽ֮ˣͫһʵǻĸ壬ҪǻıӻܰȻ
ǻôôСЦһҶĻ
Ҷ⣬ֻƽؿǻûмңҸˮɽΧǻҡײƭ𣿡
һ仰ֱƿԣǻԿ񼶱ǿߣչʱҲַԲǧķΧκκ飬Ѳ׷١
ҶҡײƭǾɼǻȷʵ˵һ仰
ǻĻԣ˭Ҳӣ
һͫһ壬Ϊ£
ҲСͮͻͫһ壬ѵҲ𣿡ҶԣųȻһǿߣҺΣ
ͫһѺõģӻ˺ܶ࣬һԭҲΪǻ񽻴ǣǱӻ壬ҶͫһأҲ޻˵
ͫһϣСһ㣬ȻǻȥΥˮɽԼͫһĹأ˭ҲȲ㣡Ŀ⣬ݵؿһҶŭһ˦뿪
ƣԭΪװҶߣҶض׶༪ˣû뵽׶Ҷûа취޺޵صһҶȻ뿪ˡ
ǽȥɣҶһԱߵСͮ΢΢һЦ
ţСͮ˵ͷС¶һ˿ĵЦݣÿζóѹţܲˣһοԱȻǳģҶ磬ҪСһ㣬˵ñķԸ㣡
û£ĺˣа취ӦǣҶοСͮ
ͫһĴǸ߸ߵ峤֮λϣһͫһǿҪһЩӢ͸һϵơ
СͮҶ̤ͫһһ̣Ѿоˡ
ҶϰĿ˻΢΢һЦе˼
м־ȵǣҶǻ񶼼ˣͫһˮɽԱ棬һֱǻıӻΪ峤һҲżǻ񼸻ضѣһΪͫһ峤ʱͫһڴȥǻһ棬һǽһǰˮɽǻǻͫһ廯Σ
Ҷһ񣬾ȻǻǻȻҶˮɽȥɣʵеŹ֡
ǻֻ˵һ䣬ȫϣͫһԣȴǽԣƾôһ仰ˮɽ˸ҶҶˡҶˬвҶҲֻвѣҪĳЩֶζԸҶҲͬ⣡һͫһǵǻ񲻸ô죿
ͫһ֮Իڲ㣬Ϊǻ
СͮĴ£Ҷ˴֮У̧ͷȥֻڴλϵѾ߿˹
ףСͮͶһ㣬ϲسȥ
չ˫۱סСͮ΢ЦŸһСͮԴĿǴȰ·ҶлλСŮͻҽڴ磬λ
ͲˣСͮӦõģȻ͵ҲˣҶͫһ壬һСͮͻһҲֻҪ֪ͫһ״ѡ
һԸṩӻ壡
ҶʵһЩ뷨ģ֪̽һΪˡ
СŮԣǶˣʲôҪ󣬾ᣬĻ㣡˵̬Ȼʮ⣬һֲɵζ
ҶĬƬ̵ҪһƬأˮɽ֪峤ǷԸ⣿
أ΢΢һ㶣Ŀ˸ŻްĹâҶҪʲôĪǡ
磬֮䲻ͣսһЩɽ֮⣬ΧֵѾǳˣһ£ǿǲᴳصģΪζſս
ҪվȽŸһҪһƬԼأԴΪӰ£֡ͫһ壬ǽһ塢ǻһЩ壬ƾһǲģҪվȽŸǾͱ塣
󲿷嶼εûа֮Χֻ⵽ϣһƬǱģ൱һŵĵط
ɣҶ΢΢һЦ峤ˣֻҪһƬСĵطƬϽԺΪŵѡˮɽߣǻıӻֿͫһ壬һѡ
ֻҶôҲš
ؿһҶ΢΢׵һ㰲һصģƬطֻзԲ幫ңͫһأóһļǮ£ҵǿ϶ġͫһԣóһСطʵ㲻ʲôֻǾţһëѡ
ǵȻҲ峤Ϊѵģл峤ˣҶл


943 
ҶҪͫһһأ
Ϣͫһһʯǧˡ
ͫһǶԴ۷׷ס
һࣿ⻹Ǵûй顣
˵ֻһ鷽Բ幫ҵأͫһ˵ǺСһطԺԲƣǱϾҲһأ
λ񼶳ϵȫۼ
Ҳͬ⣡ôȱʾ˷ԣȻԴ˼Ϊ
Ҳͬ⣡ЩĳǷ׷ױ˷
ɫһһ鷽Բ幫ضѣʱԿ٣ֲ͸Ҷջ峤ʱ򣬾ָֻš
˽µЩϷ᲻֪峤֮λѾܾˣֻһֱսȨ˽öӽֺСͮΪҪȢСͮմﵽĿġ
СͮϲҲˣȻСͮϲ棬ҪǾԲĵġ
ȸܵǿѹ
峤֮ƣ
ˣһóǮأЦһһ񣬾Ȼͼأ磬ǿײģҩȶ޷㣬ôǮأ
˼ַģֻ϶ǿƵѹȥͫһǶ鶼ǳ⣬Ҫչһǵķġ
óֵԪˣĬƬ̵ֵԪһ鷽Բ幫أ˰ɣ
ԪԲܣԪŶ٣ô㶫Բ幫أ̫ˣ
ԪȽͨõĶˣ񼶱־ͺܲˣҶܹģؾ͸ҶˣϾҶСͮ˻ݶ޼۵ġ
ȴЩ
ʵ̫ˣ
԰Ԫʲôãʲô𣿡
ҲóԪɴƬΣ
֧ĳϷ׷ױﲻ
ҶЩ˵ۣаţԪȻǱˣ峤Ǻܹ˼ģ͸ûʲô
Բ幫أôҲֹԪ
˵Ҫ٣ʮջǿסҶСͮͻͫһĶˣ׼ʲô۸񣿡
ŭĻܶ೤϶ˣСͮͫһ˵ǷͬѰġ
СͮŮô򵥣ͫһǧ츳֮ͫˣͫһͫǿˣһϣ
ü˵ַˣȫҲãϾ峤
ҶСͮжͫһ嵱ȻҪ𣬵ǲأͫһ汲ġͬѾͫһȺӣҪͣǲͬģ룬ǲԸɿڡ
Ļڳ۷׷ס
峤⻰˵ûǲΪСͮڵҲͫһأ
һڳǷ׷ױʾͬ
Щƽʱδȫվߵģܶǰģ飬е㲻̫ͬ⣬Ǹһأ͵ϸһ⡣
תһ룬ˣ㿪߼Σ˽ҶһЩЩӦÿ԰ҶأǷҶˣ
Ǻã˵ɣҪԪü
ҲҪԪ磬ԱޱߣͫһأзԲǧԲ幫СعԪңԪӦǲˡ
Ԫǿ˵ҲһʲСĲƸˣһ˵Ǽֱһ֡
ĻҶеסˣаԪֵǮ־ͺܶˣ
ԪôֵǮǻƽһھ͵óȥٰ
Ȼ󲿷Ԫι˻ƽޣҶԪк֮ܶ࣬˵ˣֶУڳôԪҪ֪ǰһλ񣬸һλףȨλͫһλڶ޷Ტۡ
֣δҲ̫˰ɣǳջ𣬡һأҲֵԪô࣡
Ҷʱã峤ǺˣԪ̫ˡԪŶ٣
ǱأͫһصȻһ
ΣЩû֧ļǮȷʵе̫ˣԪҲͲˡ
˵ЩʲôҶͻȻ峤λϣҪˣ
һҶҶӣΪҶ֪ѶˣأЦһȻҶûôǮ
봫ҶҶصģ԰Ѽ۸񽵵Ԫ£Ȼ͸ҶԪһж㶨ˡ
Ҿ۸ͦ˵ġҶ΢΢һЦһɡ
Ҷ仰һͫһǿȫסˡ
Ԫܱˣ
ͫһļλǿߣ۸񲻱ˣһóôԪǹҲô⡣˵òôԪΪҪôԪǾͱһЩղصıҩ֮Ķˡ
Ŀ΢ЦŵóԪɣóԪôƬؾˣ
Ҷſڿ˵󻰰ɣԪɲСĿ
˵УֻСͮͰرƽиҶ뷨һֵԪܶǼʶҶЩԪ֮󣬾ҲоԪܶˡ
Ԫ治ʲôҶɨ磬ŪһССԪӽ֮䣬һöװԪ֮䣬ȥԪӦóһǧˣˣ
ɨö֮䣬һ£û뵽ҶôɾóôԪ
ʱͫһĳǣ֮ɨҶ˵ûôһСǴСԪ˵ˣһǧֶˣ˶ɵˣ޻˵
ǿԪҶóֹļǮˣǻ˵ʲô
ؿһҶû뵽ҶܹóôԪԭҶһЩأû뵽ȫˡҶ־ҳһǧԪ۾գһ£˲룬ҶǮ
˶͹ҶǻĹϵ
ǻģҶһŪôԪ
ȻˣҽƬػɣҶһЦ
֮һڳϡ
λ϶ĳ飿Ҳ²⣬ҶǻϵǳĻҶˮɽȥ磬һǻһ棡
ԭôģһڳӣһ£׷׸
ˣ
ղŲ峤Ŀģ峤£


944 
Ȼܲ⣬뷴ԣڶ೤һת˷ȫʼ֧Ҳ޿κΡ
ҶأһƬλˮɽԱߵĵطһƬӹƽԭȺɽΧ֮Уһд
ĵطҶ˵ǲġ
Ҷ׼ƬؽһЩլԺԺͿˡڽҶףʱ졣
ҪһЩۣҶʵҲҪһЩ
죬ҶԼЩǿ߷׷׳ϴľʼ졣
ҶԼҩš
һȻľ
ͫһһ֮С
濴ǳƵصףѵǾôؿСӴͫһһƬأһ뵽δСӾҪסͫһˣͲʹ졣
棬ǰôģԽ飬ԽҪסһʱ䣬ôʰΪͫһһƬأվסŸôֱǳ룬ˣʼֻһˣǧַòǶ֣Цһ
Ļʲô۾
ͫһȻһƽҶص飬ͫһһЩۣȴû̫Ĳ
ǣϢȴһСȦ洫ˡ
ǾһЩڻ켣ǿߡ
ÿ͵ɵǿ߲еĸ򣬳ͨǲϵر׷ɱ˲أǧ˵УпֻһҴõͫһıӻ
ЩҴģҪôΪȷʵҪôӵ츳Ļ޷
ЩǿԭֻǶ˻ðգûʲô̫ĸ磬׷ɱ𣬾һУ˵ȱǵҫеһЩ뷨Ҳˡ
븴
Ҫؽҫ
磬Ǳ˴֮以磬Ϊ˸ս
ͨͫһһЩ֪Ҷͫһأ׼һԼһˡ
ǿĿȫ۽ҶƬϡ
ҶΨһһӵصǿߡ
Ϊ˱ǻһѹƣǿǾΪǿ۷弶𲻶ͻƣȴʼ޷ﵽ񾳽磬Զֻײ㣬ƶԵһȺˣκһ׵ǣ
Ȼģһȴȫ޿κΡ
Ҷӵصһ̿ʼҶѾ쵼֮һˣǿֻзԲ幫һЩǿȨ˼֮ǿʼǰҶء
һЩǿ߶ҶΨֱ֮һ񼶱ǿߣȻ罨أǼֱǻꡢһȵǿ֪ˣҶ˲ҷ
ЩǿΨǻһ塢һǨŭǣһ¾壬һҶҶʲôãҪķͷ
һЩǿߣǷɶ˻һ㣬֪ǳΣգǻ޷˵ǰҶء
̶ʱ䣬ٸǿҶأٸǿߵУ󲿷ֶ۷弶ģǵкܶ˾Ѿǳǳӽˣֻôһ˿ѡ
Ҷ˽ӴЩǿǡ
Щǿɱ¾ĵطСǿһ帴˵ϣ
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䣬Ҷ΢΢һЦĿ⳯˿ȥЩˣȻ۷弶ģ˵ġ
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ǸŮĴŽĺ£ǸٸԵûԸУһһϸţҶ˸ۡ
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ҽ׺򣡡Ҷһưɫ
ҶԲؿһеģеϲ𣿿ӢΪҲǲȻϲôһ޸Եı飬עǸ簡룬ϲҲͰˣôң
룬Ҷˣ䵭ˣҶضһЩ֪һЩ쳣ӦҲпɱ¾硣˵̬Աƽʱºͣᣡ
ҽҶ򡣡ҶػصŲʲô
ɫһ٣ؿһҶȻһģ
ҽнԺԱߣٸ¶һ˿ĵЦݵһ˵ķ顣
ҶǺ棬ôϲô飬Աٸ޶أǲ顣
ӭҵأҶЩ˿ȥ¶ƵЦݡ
ƬҶģĪǴдͫһصľҶһ˿֮ɫ֮ǰԲ뵽صĻҶ֣ҲΪһˡ
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945 λ
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гɻҶǴŪô۷弶ǿߵģ
ԶȥһֺĽѸٵذεض
׼ｨأ᲻鷳ü΢ȻҶҲһͬΪ壬˫ǿԺģΪǵĿһµġ
ҿǹˣǻһڲݳûвǽһ壬һǿǲֵģΪǷǳ߰κ˷ǲʦڹԸǣôһһǿ߹ǵ鷳һ£һһǿ߹ͫһӻǡͫһ޷ӻǻˮɽҶѾһʮȫˡ
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оǹɾκһѹǻȻƵӣ̧ͷżλףס췥סף˵ʥ֮Ųţ
ܣˣ췥һǻԣʥ֮ȴҳ𣿡
ʥ֮Ȼϡǻ˵һһʥ֮δػǣǻЦһʥ֮򣬴߶ʥ֮Ըλ׶Կˡ
ǻλ׵ĶԻҶܹԭλΪʥ֮ôҲ뵽ʥ֮ǻϣ


946 ֮ս
ǻԣΪƭǣĽˣʥ֮ضϣ֮£˭ܹʥ֮򣿡췥ؿǻ񣬵֪ʥ֮ҲϡҪ֪ʵǲصסʥ֮ģ
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췥ס׺ͺ׶Щ죬ΪǸоˮɽ̺ޱǿĻԵԻһ꣡
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947 Ǹ
ǻԣҪͬھڼˣȻܹƾʵѣһǻ׼еһôǸ˽޷ѣ
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飬ΪʲôҪ
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ؿһҶѾܾˣ˺ܶ£㲻Ҫ
Ҷʼ磬΢Ц˵ôᣬǸˣӲ۸ˣ


948 Χ
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Ҷ˵Ķ飬ǳ͵ڱԵ׼֮ء
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Ŀǽһ۷ڣȻֻǴ񼶱𣬵Ѿ˵һĿҶһеϣͫ΢΢š
ȻһȺࣿĿϲ˪һ֮Ѿãһǵ֮һ֮󣬵磬ɱ
ĿˣҲɱʮǿߡ
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ΪһһԱǾԲġ
ȻҪ֮أǾ֮ǣĿǳһ˿Ц⡣
һӰڴ֮ء
Ҷ˽룬ʱѾһƬֲֳѨ棬־Ⱥһգͷϳǣޱȣͨ죬ûһ˿ëצһ㡣
أ
ҶһһȺֵΧЩȫǴ񼶱ġ
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ſҶļϣеӣʮβҡҷڶ۾΢΢ϸţһ˵ƺ뵽ʲôһЩ£һת
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ΪͬʱҲڲϵسɳš
ʱĿһȺٶһǿߣҶ߰Χ˹
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Ľһǿٶȸ죬һԣº֮⣬ҲٶƵģһɫӰеĵɫ׹⣬ܿر㽫ҶȰ档
ٶӰҶΧм䡣
ۣǿͼΧȦ˲䱻նɱѪȾա
ĿϷʵؿҶɫ̬ޱȸ߰һ鸩һ㡣
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ЩһǿߵİΧ֮УܵͱȽˡ
ĿЩǿߣŪЦ࣬뷭ʲôɣԸͶΪҽһūҵǿԷһ·ȻǵôҵĿȥĿӣһǿ߹Ц
ЩһǿҲǿЦֹ
һǣ־ɣǾҲᣡµļǿ߷׷׷ŭ
ķ飬һ˿ɫһģ־͹ԣ¹˭ֻ֪أ
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˿һǱߣֿ˿ԼߣȫɱͬǿߣһʵҲҪ壬Ҫôվĺ棬֪Щʲô
ĿһȻǲײĲᣡ
һ֣߸һǿ߳Ҷ
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Ȼ߰ĿûйУоʵѷɫ
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ֻ߸ˣδҲ̫Сˣ֮׼֡
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һҶƬ֮΢΢ס
ԸЩһӣҶȵӳһꪳУ߸һǿߣҲҴ⡣

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949 
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Ҷһ֮Կ߸Ȼ˿·硣
壬ǿĿ΢ҲδҶĶ֣سսһξ룬ս
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꣬Ƕ֣Ҷһʱյ֮ͬʱŷ˳ںϽ棬Ҳϵ׳󣬷ŭ֮

񲻶ϵƣҪ֮Щ޴ĵӡƿ
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ҿҪ֧Ųסˣһһǿ߼˵Ϊ˵һһ֧Ųסӡϻ֮ͻᱻƵΪάֵӡϻ֮ڵʱյ֮Ѿ챻ĵһɶˣ
Щ޴ĵӡļѹ֮£Ѹٵơ


950 ǿ컯ǳӡ
ҶϵǺ嫰ΣͷǷǳ͵ġ
оӡϻ֮ϾҪˣԱ߼һǿ
ˣҶٶʩһӡϻ֮
ҶоһɸǿѹòϾҪѵӡϻ֮ƳˣԷһǿġ
ѽɫ޸ͣתţ·ӵһ㣬ʱѰҶ
ҶЩһǿֵ߽ʱ淢һսһǿ߸ǿսһţǿ߲ʵˣȻǰҲ˼һġ
ܲģĿĽɫ۾һѽɫ޸ҫ۶Ŀ
䣬֮ûӰɱӶ
һҲˣҲֻԶ٣ԱߵĽЦһ
Զ٣ǾԶ٣ĿЦһһȻ߰ǿʳ淨ǣֻҪκһ˿вҪһеضɱҡһ˿ȷأܿܵ½ת
֮ǰҶ˺޷ҪèϷһ㣬Ҷˡ
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Ŀ״аݣ⼸ǰЩҪǿö࣡
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磬ߣҸϺ󣡡ͷ亹ֱ£
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һչ¶ƣǷǳصģܽĿЩһǿһʣظɵĻ֮֡
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컯ǳӡʱյܻɣʱյ֮ԴȪںʱֲһЩı仯Ǻڰʱյ֮ϵؼǿ컯ǳӡ컯ǳӡǿƥ
ҶӸµؿһĿˣЦһǿ֮컯ǳӡӡϻ֮Щӡȥ
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ĿȽһǿҲǹǿĳɨУһ󵹷ɶɲȫû뵽Ҷ컯ǳӡȻǿ
𡢽һǿҲ𾪲ѣҶĵʲôӡȻ˿ֲ
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ҿʥ壬ҶϵѸٵػָš
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Ŀ˸ΣյĹâضҶĹеŹ֣ǲĸ֮
ڳˣҶһָһƣһĵӡϻ֮൱ǿģո컯ǳӡһЩҪǵĵӡϻ֮治һ׵顣
𡢽ǿߣȫۼҶߡ
ôҶͷһˣˣѾûսˣʮǿߣˣʣµҲһЩˡ
ղűӡϻ֮űռһЩˣʰǣҶسǰĿ˿ȥ


951 Ĺ
ڻߣҶ
ĻҶ࿴һۣȻ䵭ҲһȵˣԸԼҲҪ˿Կó
뿪а취ѣֲһ
ΪʲôҪߣЩһģһҲܣҶĿɨЩһǿߡ
ɻؿһҶ֪Ҷʲô취ôܹɱôһǿߣ
ȻЩһҪѣ㸺ǣһܵһȻǾ鷳ˣҶھʹĵˣȻҪðһķգʱǱѡ
ǱĿѣϢй¶ôһ彫һֶɱ
Ҷһ棬ȻЩɻ󣬵ǵ˵ͷҲӵһģ
Ҷк֣ҪʩչˣȻˣҲ׼˽ˣһս׼ʩչԴ֮
ĿڰͲסһӣһɱǣ
ٶһǿߣ˷ΧɱȻ
Ҷ΢΢ϸ۾һԼĵ磬һǿƾճ֣ȺӿЩһǿ߳ȥ
أ
նʱһս
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ҶǴٻôǿߵģ
ЩǿߵУкܶ۷ģ󲿷ֶλģʵҲ
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һĻЩһģ𡢽ҲȻˡ
һֱ²ţҶĵƵʲôΪĳǿطû뵽ľһ
ĸǿߣҶǴģ
Ҷְǲںδ
ĪǴһԪռ棬ٻ
еɻ޷벻ҶĵȻǿߣ⻹ֻٻ֮һѡ
ӦˬĿոջԶΧˣҶһٳǿߣת
ʮǿΧһһǿߣһǿǶʱо˼ѹ
أ
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֪֪һЩ򣿡Ҷ˵һЩҪҶˡ
Ĺ򣿡Ҷ̧ɻص
磬ǿǼλǹͬĹ⼸λֱ̫䡢ƵȣмλǳأҲǺ֮飬浮֮ڵļλǿߣǵϢ鲼桭˵λ¶һ˿֮ɫ


952 ʥʯ
ĻҶ֣ȫƷԭȶ֪
֮飬ȻǼλǿߣǵϢ鲼棿
ҶȻ˵֮ȴֻһ̫̫֮ɢģ֮һ
֮ıӦþǿĴˡ
Ҷ뵽Լĵ֮֮ǰȫû뵽֮ԭһλɢһϢ
ֵ֪ģλܹмʱλǸ֮йصģƻ֮йصҲ²⣬ضһλƿʱյģʱյ֮ƹܣҹƻһλƿ񣡡ɫֻĲ²ѣǼλ̫ˡ
Ҷ˳˼֮УĲ²⣬˭Ҳ֪λ֪ƹ֮񣬻мλ
Щ񣬱֮ͨߡ
⼸λ޿ɳԽĴڣ֮йƶߣҪ񾳽磬Ƿǳѵ飬ϲܴﵽ
Ҷ˵ͷҲ˵⼸λ磡
ǵĳֱǻһ廹Ҫö࣬дԣδʱ⼸λѾˡ˵
ĻҶ΢΢ϸʵȻˣָܷˣ
ǲܵġ̾Ϣһҡҡͷκһ壬ԣϰĴڣǲһʢ˥ԾԹĿ⣬һʢ˥
ڤڤ֮УЩĿעһУʱݱ䣬ｻ棬񣬶ν񡢽񣬲αˡ
˵ÿһλ񣬶ӵжصλֻһλλˣŻһλλ˺ܾãִϹõһЩϢԱҶ֪Ҫܶࡣ
ǻһʲôǿߣ񣿡Ҷʵ
Ҳ˼⣬˵ǻһӦ񼶱𣬵ҲųһֿܣǾǻһĳλõλصص
ǻһ嵱񼶱ǿߣҪͺˣû񣬽ֻ񣬵һЩϾֻα
趨һЩ򣬱ǵǿȡôʱյ֮ôں֮ȵȣķּǿȵȵȣ
ķּ
ԣΪһ塢ڶ͵壬ͬʱݸʵǿɷΪһ߼һģ߼ǿ߼壬ǻһ塢һȵȣȻ嵱гȻһ壬캮һ塢ͫһЩ塣
ַּʲôãҶЦЦ
ȴô
ʲôôҶǺܺ档
Ϊһ壬ǻַּܲĺôƺΪƽ壬ֲ壬ĳЩǿ󣬶һЩֻҪúЩ򣬾Ϳ׳壡͵
ЩأҶʵĻʼǿҵĺ档
һˣһӵеԴǿߡԽ࣬˾Խǿ
ˣ
ڶ򣬸֮Умǿߣ⼸佫ۼˣǵʵԽǿ츳ı仯еҶϻ壬λ䣬Ǵһ·塣ʱ֮зڧȻ󲻽ˣǻꡢǵѹշֱ磡
ʵǿܴ˵ı仯ܹ츳ǿҶ𾪣һ츳ܸı䣿һжıҶ֪
ңȼÿһȼеһЩǿ߶ԴõһЩô
ĽͣҶ˳˼֮С
ôãҪǿǣһŬ壬˵츳ܽһΡ˵ȻһֱŬѾ˥̫ˣҪ壬̸ף
ôǿߣΪλֻһ壿ҶɻʵǾ衢ԴϹӡڤȣǳǿΪʲôȴ޷Ϊ壿
Ϊǲ䣬ĹʱǲʥǵʹӣԶ޷ıǵˣû֮Ҫµ¾ۼˣ
衢ԴϹӻڤֻǸʱǵʹӣҶ𾪲ѣʱʥǣǿ˺̶ֳȣ
ҪôܳΪµ䣿Ҷʵ
ؿһҶ˭Ҳֻ֪֪ջôˣˣ˵ĳһʥʯ̣ŸĿǰ״Լȼյˣ֮ʱһʥʯ̡
ܿ𣿡
΢΢ףܿ
Ҳ˵Ѿ֮һˣҶڻûܿζţʱ䣿Ҷʱȴûпʥʯ̵ڡ
Ŀǰʵĺֵǧ࣬Ҫﵽһ࣬ܽΪ壡΢΢һ£ʵԭֻǧ࣬һʱͻȻǣﵽǧ࣬ԭһֱɻôͻȻô࣬ڲ׹
Ҷüë΢΢һ˼ͻȻǿйأ
ҲǵģҶôǿߣǣʵҲʵǣֻйأѵҲ֮һΪʲôڻûпʥʯأ
֪䣬ĿǰͬĵطѪɫħңԶĻһ
䣬ѪɫǱߵ䲻֪˭ħǱҲУ
ߣһ𣬵ڶǲ
Ҳ²ڶӦ㣬Ǳ벻ϵţؽˣҶ֣ص˵
ţҶͷȥ֮Ҫһԣܲܿǿʥʯˡ
ĹʱעеһУǿṩ֮·ʱյ֮֮顢ȵȣЩǴġҪúõЩ򣡵Ȼڻ̫ˣҪһһǻһ塢һЩǿ֪ˣΣˣ
ʥʯϣ𣿡Ҷʵ
Ȼÿһ䣬ֻܿҪͱ븶һЩۣ
ԭˣҶ˵ͷǻꡢЩ壬һ²壬ΪǿѾûˣֵע⡣
ʵһЩһΪڶǿߡǿߣǻøԴͱ


953 ʥѪħƿ
Ҷܾã鲢ô򵥣ǿ϶бͼ
µĹ򣬻кܶõĵطġ
֪ʲôʱ壬壬ֿԴõʲô
ҪȥõҲǵģһ챦ҪˣһҶһǿߵ
˵Ҷ΢Ц˵
ôǶΪδƴ໥
Сʱ֮󣬶¿ˣεǰ·ʱһȺȺֵΧƣҶ˸޿κΣ˭Ҷƴ
أ
ڸֲʱֱݣһȺȺһ֣ǻȳһ˵ϡ
Ĳ״ȴʲôҲû˵Ϊܡ
Ҷָǿߣһ·ɱһȺȺֱնɱѪĽ
ҶĶһۣȻǿߣƺӴ󣬵Ƿǳңβˣֳ߰㡣
ü΢봫Ҷʵûо𣿡
ûСҶҡͷˣϾ̫ᣬ󲿷ʱ䶼ˣ󷨵ûʲôо
͸İɣ׸Ҷһǳӵľᡣ
Ҷͷȥд˺ܶϵ֣ҶѾܹЩˣһźȻǣǺӴ󣬶д󷨵ˣȻǴ
󷨷ǳҪϵľŲ֮󣬾ŵսʮӡ
ѵǣôеÿһ˶Ϥ󷨵ı仯
죬󷨽ң
ϸԺвͣǺӴ󣬿Ҷܿؼס󷨵ÿһ˿仯һ£һ˵ĲӣҪµôĴ
ǶҶ˵ȴ˿õΪҶµһͨ
Ҷ壬һˣͬһһ㣡
Ҷ󷨵ı仯ҶʼЩǿǺӴ󣬺ܿأǺӴĳαˡ
һĻҲòΪ֮𺳣Ҷѧ̫ˣ˷µ󷨣ȻôͱҶ˳˴ѵÿ˵ĥϣҶǿȴûʲôѵӣֱ˶ͨһ̫˾ˡ
ɻؿҶһۣ֪Ҷôġ
ǺӴһҶµĸǿѸٵ½ǿߣ˵Ǻӣͣתһ̨޴ޱȵĽɱų֡
ǧֲֻϵǺӴһЩʵǿɢһЩǣЩȫҶ
ЩֵľǣҲǿΪҲΪʲô֮ôǿ߾ۼԭ
ֻϧȽ٣ֻʮֻ棬пôһֻ˾ǡ
ǺӴһ·ɱɱһȺһȺ֣һ·Ƭ֮صȥ
Ǵ֮ǰҪӴҲǰǿ˺ܶ࣬൱ڸλʵ
Ҷһɱ¾ٶǰƽѶеΪ֮еǳȺӵ֡
ʱҶһк棬ֽ˼⼸УнһҲ壬һӽһǿ֮ڣЩһǿֻǳ߿һۣ뿪ˡ
ҶߵĶ飬ǸһģûЩһǿߵע⡣
һξҶɵ˼Ժ뱻һע⣬Ǿ͵öһЩǿߡһǿߵģһǲעġ
⼸֮Ҷߵѹ̯˺ܶࡣ
˽һ壬һ塢һԼһЩɸĶ顣
ЩֵΧ֮£ѵǰš
ӦҲΪǼҶɫЩǡ
ʲôҶɻѡ
ǼʥѪħƿһ챦񼶱ǿ˵ܲʲôǶ񡢽񼶵ǿ߶ԣͷǳϡˣ
ʥѪħƿҶüͷſҶϵİ꣬Ҳɵգգۣɻѡ
һ챦ʢװѪٸռ䣬ÿһռ䶼ʢװѪΪؼǣʥѪħƿԺܺõشﵽѪЧһ½ŵԴһΣںǣʥһҷѪǺ;ǵĳЩ
ʲô
ǡѪǷΪΣڡʥʮʮڡʮʥһٶʮֻ֡н񼶱֮󣬲ŻῪʼӵǡѪ;ǡһ£һǿҪںѪֻһѪһల£
ҶһоѪǣֻϧһֱ֪ôʹá
ʲôల£ҶЩеʵ
Ǿǣҵ˺ʵһ֡
úʵһ֣ôǡѪǣҪôܺϵϣҶ˴Ϊʧص
ʵܼ򵥣ѪռһѪԼڵϣʵģҪĹǣҪҵʮѪбȽϲ֪ĸʺϡʥĻͲˣΪӵʥѪģһ㶼ܳΪ񼶱ǿߣڼ΢һ㣬һ㶼ǽǿˣʮģԼһЩ
Ҷͼ
ȻһЩܹƾ񾳽ǿ߶ԣںѪǻ߾ûбҪģû㹻ʵںѪǺ;ҲʧΪһַĿ䣬ΣԣʮϰУտֻһܳɹ
ʧʣҲ˵ҪںѪǻ߾ǣֻаٷ֮һҵĸܹ
Ǵһ룬һٸֻһܹɹ׵񾳽磬Ҳֵˣ
˵ܹͻǻһѹƣ̾Ϣһô£ΪѱѹƵ˶ѡ
а취ͻǻһѹƣҶҡҡͷ̫ΣգûǲҪԣϾǿߵĴǿǳޡһںʧܣǾ˵һЩžɱˣʥѪħƿϣѪǡ֮ĶҲռ
ϾҲһ·ʵû취ʱ򣬾Ͳòˡ
ҪôռѪǺ;ǣɱ񡢽ǵʵ
ѪǡҲã
ȻˣѪǡҲͬһѪܻڲͬϳ֣ͷ
ȻǾͷˡҶЦЦһҪɱ񡢽ֵʵ̫ҰˣѵǾͲúƽķʽǹһЩѪǡǣֲһҪɱǡ򲻾Ϳˣǹ׳һ֣ٳ
ǻ𣿡ȵص˭ѪǺ;ǣ
ҶεؿЦСʳȱǮȻ֪˼伲ࡣСרעʱҶ˼άǲһġ
Ҷ90ĶǿýǮ򵽵ģ򲻵ΪļǮߡ
ڼѪǺ;ֲʲôϡĶܶǿ߶С


954 
ѪǺ;ǣҲ΢΢ףʥصʱ͸оҶһЩͷˣܹҵһЩƫŵķ
а취ģҶЦŵ
ʥѪħƿ˼򵥵ʢװѪ֮⣬ܹѪøºͣȻֻѪЧҲǳѵˣҲҪõʥѪħƿԭ
ҶԶһۣгϵĶ飬мǧ˶飬Щһ·ɱ
Ҷ룬Ŷں󷽡
һǰ·ޱȵǸܵѵˣڸղŽһǿΧ֮ʱΨһһֳͶˣҲ˵Ų֪ôܣ
ˣͽ㴦ˣǧϢȥһ֪룡Ҷ֣صشɱǸһЩˣϾˡ
˵ͷףһϢй¶ĿɲֻҶ壡
Ǹǵĺ棬˵ҶָǺӴ󣬸ǰľš
֧һ·ɱ֣Ҷһ־Ƿ˵ֱ
һֱҶĵ֮Уɫ̥ںϣûбҶЩͨ־ǣһҶĵ֮УͱˣǻһţһЩϵһ
Щ־Ǹе֮ƺһЩµ
õĹУһʲôĴڣ
Ϊľ󲿷ֶǴģ˵еĳλģ
Ҷϵţϵİ겻ϵؽڣԼԼ䣬Ҷ·𿴵ңԶĵطһƬأɽۼһɽϣһʯţʯҶпϲʯӦþ˵ʥʯˣ
ʥʯ̿ȥҶԺзɿӹһӰһֺսĳ棬вϱ¾壬һǿ߲ʵŭǷƴɱջеһѪ
һǿ䣬һУҶӹ޾ı
ȥϤӰɿӹ
һҶȻ֪֮һڶǸϤӰӹҶҶˡ
ȻϹ
ϹʱѾѪɫӪԼٲȻһΪѾǳˡ
Ѫɫһħġ
Ҷ˵ӰʱѾ𾪵Ըӡ
Ȼǡ

ԪϣҶӰ񣬸Ϲ󳤵üһģһܸоһЩģ˵ʱ̬ȣΪֹԵĲͬ
ħ䣬һģһ̬Ҳȫͬ
Ҳ˵Ϲֻǽòıøһħģ
Ӣ䣬ڸ߸ߵ֮ϣޱȣħݺᡣ
ܣŨħȻγӴޱȵơ
̧ͷʲô͸Ĺâ̺ɱ
֪ħ֮УǴһʲôλãӦһǳȨλˣߣгǧǿߣѾħ˵ġ
ǿֲħҶףʱӦòǵǸԪϵˡ
ǵĸ䣿
ҶвţѾħʲôؽҫбͼ
ͨʥʯ̣ԿλãȻҲֻܹһƬζѡҶ·һȺħǿ߳£ߺʲô
ȻҶǿԴǵУ˵֡
ҶͷǸٿ͡ԪɽԪڵȻ
֪һ֮ҶʵԽܣΪصھʱܵĶݣû뵽ʧ֮󣬲ˣѾħӸλ
䣬ҶֻǿһģӰΪ̫ңԶˣﲻ֪Զľ롣
ҶпȻһ̾´пǵˣȻҲ䣬ܿѾħˡ
ҲʥʯˣһԱߵҶԭȷĵڶ䵽˭ЩģǵҶʥʯ̵һ˲Ҳͨʥʯ̿Ҷ
δи˳Ϊ䣬Ƕʥʯ̿ˡ
ţҶ˵ͷͨʥʯ̣ҶĿǰݣǧ࣬Ҫ׶壬һЩѶȡ
ǣǻ¾ƺѾıԵ
ò˶ãҪһս
ҲˣȻһ̾Ҷ˵
Ԥƻжù򣿡Ҷͨʥʯ̣һһǺӵ屻¾һҵɱ
Ԥƻа£ǵͷӻᵽͷӸֲ࣬ӦÿԶԸǽ򽫻սϣֱ֮ǻĴǿĻĹ壬սᴩңԶʱգִ򣡡У˸żᶨĹâ¾ǿһͬս
ĹʱмǿѣڣЩҲûˣǻҪЩһȫ¾
ǻ겻ΪħһвѾɾˡ
ħһǻԭΪҪԿħͬʱħҲǻһҪԭΪħţϵذһ壬ӪǿߣתìͷԸǻһ壬ǻһ岻̵ġ
ħǻ꣬еǿ壬ֻǼз쵱еϰˣõĹߡ
淨
ǿ֮Ķ߲Ʒˡ
ͨǻ꣬ûвģΪͨǻûκʵҲǻһ嵱͵ȵĴڣвģǻ꣡
ֻа£֪жǻҶоʱȡ
֪صĴͨҶʵ
֪ڴ֮Уͷ
ԭ֮УһĴͨҶû뵽ģ꣬Ǹ޽ˣҲһЩģ
һҶ޽ģǱˣҶǰû˵ʲôǳսȫֻ֪ÿһǿߣΪľһѪ
ǸͨҪʱ䣿
ȥҪ졣һµ
ǳ֮أߵ鰲ź֮󣬾͵̻ȥˣҶİˡˡ˶Ԫϣܲż
صģǻһֻͷӵӦӦˣôȥҲûʲôãҪһʵ
ȻֻͷӣҶһЩġ


955 
Ҷףǻһսضһճ־õĴսڲŸոտʼѡ
Ͻʵпܻǻһĺбû
ԼʵҪԿǻһ壬ҪһӴС
иԲͬ棬˴˼ںľѾǳˣһǻһϮյĽֽΣ
Ҷзɿһͷ֮Լʵ
Ҷӣһ֧֧ţһ㣬ԶХȥ
ңԶ֮УȺӵֳҶ֮С
һޱȵ裬֮ϣ˸ֱǧ֮࣬Ŀ
Ҷ곯ǰ̽ѰȥֻԵһϣطһɫƿӣǸҪõʥѪħƿͷųϹ⣬һһůļʡ
ЩﶼǸģǷ硣
ıԵۼֻ޴ޱȵ֣ЩǧףɲȻΪػЩڵģֻ޴֮⣬ΧǧֻСһЩ֡
ҶĿЩӹȻֲ֮ǰ֮صЩ֣ЩȡߣҪЩҪһЩʵġ
ɨԶ裬ʥѪħƿ֮⣬ôҶע⡣
һѹӵ䵶ͷǳأоĵȼ沼˰߲⼣ˣҶǸо䵶ܲ򵥣䵶ϣĳַǳصӡ
⻹һҶǰһһƴģͣҲ֪ʲôɵģеһ񽢣ǽ״ģһݡҶȥ֮󣬷Ľṹǳɣÿһϸ΢ĵطصӡ
ҶȻˣʦĳЩƷʱʹõģͣ
ƵĹУԼǧ򱶷Ŵ󣬾ͿƳĳֳƷˡ
ϸع۲죬Ҷ֣СӡһЩӡħϵĻҪ߼ܱܶ࣬ܿħ񽢻Ҫǿ
Ҹħ񽢲ͬǣձݳմƽϵͳ֮⣬شֵĲλԼʱ֮ħλãһװضˡ
ⲿõúãת磬񡢽Ҳδ׹ơ
֪ģ˭ģⶫģضһλʦ
ôⶫһҪõ֣Ҷ⡣
ʥѪħƿ㣬ǶңҶһӹһĨӰģͱʥѪħƿҪҪöࡣ
Ƭ̣ҶͼҶǸģͣձݣ˵һս֡Ҷĸȷʵܶ࣬Ҳһ⣬ձݲóģ
ձҪԴħ¶δ㹻
õģ˵ͷ
ſҶϣգգ۾Ļ԰ҶЩᱦ
꣬ˣҶĺ󱳡
ţһЦ˵ͷ
Զֻ޴֣֧ȫͣ
ˣǶϵıÿһΣǶʧˣЩʵ̫ǿˣ˺ܶοһξеС
Χܹĸϵľţǧ˵ģ˭ҲԸóȻֽйΪȷģɻŵĵʯ˭ҲԸԼΪ¡
һһǿ˳
λǹ⿿޷ɵЩֶȡΣǸһǿ˵ƺƵǿ߶õ
ԭĿٶˣҲһŵһ֣ǶԳ׷ɱҶһУɵˡ
һǿߵΪѷɫĿһ·λӦûĿ֮ϡ
һţﵽ࣬ΪӴһ֧֧ţһ֧һģһ֧Ǹϵģﵽ
ҶߣҲһ֧ľţʵҶǿԼĵ֮С
ϧռ̫СˣеʩչѻƽٻЩֻķݡ
֧ЩֻмǧСţֻӵķˡ
ÿŶмӰӶ
Щǿ߶Ǹе쵼ߡ
֧ɸǿ߻ϵľţһоʯľһǿ쵼ģһ壬ÿһһǿ߶ﵽףȫʯͷӲޱȡ
Ҫôһ쵼ߣһ޵ǿңԶһǿʵ
һ쵼߽Ϊ񾳽ֻһߡ
ͬЭһɵЩ֣õıҽһλƽ֣ΣȻص˵ľţ֧ŶֻˣʣµɢɢĶ飬࣬ں֮ڣԸЩƽֱѾǿˡ
ƽֵҲǲԣŵ쵼ȫ˼ţһȷʵƴõһҲ
Ҷ۾΢΢ϸӦƽֵҲǲԣؼǣɱֵʱ˭ϣȻǽһһ룬Ǳضˣ
ҶĻ֧ŵ쵼Ŀˢˢؿһͷ棬˵һˣķ֮ȫָһ壬Ҳ⣡һǰ棬ȴҪһ룬ɣ
ŭصһҶҶ˰ìͷ׼Լ
ҽһǲϵģ˭ϵ⣬ҪϸãȻͬ⣬ַֻǳǿһȳ壬һ붼ϡ棡ʧǽһܵġ
ǽһ岻ͷ棬ȴҪһ뱦ƾʲô֧׷ױʾ
ǰƾʲô
һ屾Ͳģ˻ȥһĺΪһİǿ߶Ըνһ塣̬ȣǿĴ澯衣
Ǹ꣬ûġ
һҪǺ޷ȥȻԼںˣ
תҶޡʯλ϶ԸԼĲȥ֧Щɢȫһȥ֣Σ
ϸ˫ۣаԵ⣬ȲԼֵܷҶޡʯһɵġ
ޡʯ˳˼ôе㲻ԣȷʵһð취ĲԼŵģɢ¾࣬ЩɢȫֽеһֵģǽǾͿ֮ˡ
ʱҶȴ¶һ˿ķЦΪͻһռȻطȥܿأףա
λ϶ԸԼĲȥ֧Щɢȫһȥ֣ΣҶĻǿȫˡ
ʲô
һĹȻûһö
Щֻмǧ˵СУ˷׷ŭӽһƿڴ


956 
ҶȻԼĻط˶ˣؿҶŭв
壬̫ɶˣ
棬һǿߣ϶ǳ֮죡֮أҶĸţһսǽһҲûκκô
ʱٲȻʸ֮ģҲûԸˣЩС;šΪ֪һ϶ᱻһ嵱Ʒ
ҶһЦǾԲһģһ̫ˣһЩС;ţ˱Ҫʱ򣬽һҲ϶ǡ
ŵ쵼ߣҶҪǾţԵұ֤κһˣԸЧңÿ˿ԵõԪ
Ԫ磬ҲǲСһʲƸˣһЩͨĴǿߣײ㣬ӵеԴǳ١
һЩ⶯˶飬ӵҶߡ
ЩС;źܶ඼ʱ齨ģܲһЩ˸Ҷ߿ļ룬ͶҶˡ
ҶһߴѹԼһǿߣҪˡ
Ҷǹģ
ŭһŽһ峯ҶΧ
һĻҶ۾ܣ˭˭
Ҷһ˾ѸٵؽǺӴʱ׼սˡ
һģҲţץҪݺݵؽѵȵҶȻ쵼һ˾ţôҶ˾ʲôĶУʱƴġľţȫǽһǿߣȫһġ
ֻҪҶץҶʱ齨ƾ͵÷ֱ
˫սһԱһԼ齨ľţ׷˿ſϷ
Ҷֻһңһȴ࣬ҪǴҶ϶óԿ
ˣȻ˽һ壡
Ȼ쵼һ˾ţ˭Ϊƴأƿ϶Ҫһץ
ЩΧ۵ǿ۷׷ףҶ
ԱһȴһüͷһЩĵطҶľȻһƾţɢңǽһصơ
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ҪֱնףٶȽҶ£ҶľȻɢֱ߽ˡ
ǧһǿٶȣҶҶľŷӦûô죡
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Ѫɽ
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д󾪣ǧһǿߣȫûɱͱȫˣ
ҺݺݵؽѵǣҶŭһֻҶľѾ쵼Ľһײһ
䣡
֧Ž𣬾еֻ޶ײһ㣬Ѫɽ֫ҷɡ
ǺӴ󲻶ϵתţһһ㣬а֧˴Ӧǰ˸һ㣬ɱ˽һŵС
һĻΧ۵ĸǿǶˣ¶ŵɫ
ǵȻʶս󣬵󲿷ֶûǺӴô¡޴󣬶Ҷ˾ʹǺӴʱֱһһ㣬ϵüΪĬʵ̫ˣ
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䣡
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һǿ߲ϱɱԭҲǽƣǺܿ챻ǺӴΪս
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ǺӴһתÿһǿ߶оΧǣȻֻǵĴǺӴ֮
ܿأһľžͱݺݵؿгһڣɱǧ
㳷ŭؿ𣬽һѸٵˡ
ҶľȻģڽһųʱ򣬻ǺݺݵɱһǧһǿߣŹǡ
һ˳ղŵսһǿȻ£ʲôʵ̫ˡǣҶµЩʩչʱ˿ûм϶Ѱ
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һֻһζݵĽ棬Ǳʧǧ֮һԷƤëûʲô˵ӣ
⵽ʲôôô£
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Χ۵ȫɵۣûϵŽսһ
ҶµҲ̫˵㣬һɸǿɵƾΪʲôսĳЩǿĽأ
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һСҶľţѾ˲صĴۡ
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ЩųԱÿһҶЧңô˵ҶĻ
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Ҷǳź񣬶ҶƺҲܲӡ
ο˭һҵľţ
ԽԽĸǿ߿ʼͶҶտʼɢɢôǼʮٳȺˣһЩС;޷ֹųԱʧһЩŵ쵼߸ɴͶҶ
һȫԱͶűеڶ
һӣһǿߣ
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Աߵ;ʯȫ𺳲ѣҶ̫ˣôٶȣͽ䵽˾˵ĳ̶ȡǴžŲҾҶľ̫ҶһˬǶ֡
ȥԸЩҲʵ뿪ֲġ
ҶԶ;ʯţЩС;ȫҶ£ˣʣЩȫƲֻĴŻϻ
λǺǱߵıͬʱϵı䵽˭͹˭ΣҶ΢Цſǣʵ
;ʯһۣǾãҶֵÿǵģٱķ߿ԡ


957 
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ʵֵ˶ʮ࣡Ҷ
ǿߣʵֵ˶ʮࣿҶе㶣תһ룬㼣鲼Ȼһ壬ʵҲǿԵġ
ǿߣŵȺ棬ҲǾţһëˡ
ʮɻǿߣҲֻʵֵ˶ʮ֮࣬ǰʵͻȻǽǧ˭ǸʲôԭΪҶôֵ֣ǣڲŷ֣ԭǿߣҲֵôһѡ
ɻ󲻽ʱҶЩˣ֮ǰֵǣӦ˻ƽ޲ŵµġЩŵսƽȣһεġ
ƽ޵飬Ҷǲκ˵ġ
ʵֵŸ˶ʮ࣬ͻȻʮ࣬漴½½ֵʮ㡣
ףô£΢΢һ
ҶĿ䣬ʵֵͻȻʮ࣬ӦԼ޹أôпģڵ˵ʮ㣬ĳһڱɱ
뵽Ҷǲ˼ֽȸС
Զȥ޺;ʯͬҶķ
ʯҶͬһһ˺һô죿
һľȻˣȻľôȥվԶ
Ƚǣɱ֣ΣҶʯ޵
ʯһۣҡҡͷ
ĸҵһ壿
ǰǸһ忪ս֮أǾ군ˣ
ʯ޶ηһ壬Ҷȴȫѽһ壬һǳ˲һһģ
ȻǶԸ֣ǾɣҶһ֣µţѸٵسһڵķɱȥ
ʯ˺ȻҶһǸˣľſһľţΨֱ֮ĵһ壬Ҷȴȫѽһֱǰѽһȣ
ģ̫ҶµľŰΧֱš
֮ǰҶľֻһʱκβˣҶľԭҪٽŴǼֱ
쳷ȡ
һľŸղűҶľش֮󣬻ûȫҲЩңҶľŰΧǷ׷׺󳷣ҳһš
ȽһľţҶľżֱͬһ㣡뻮һһѼ⵶һľŴȥ
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̫ˣոˣȻôȫҶľ֮УתǺӴȻͬһˣ
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˵ľţǧ࣬ʣһǧˡ
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Žһ뿪ˣȻģףҶضŹǵġ
һ뿪ҶһЦһģڱʹˡҶһЩģһ˾ţʱһŲģȥ˾ʱء
ĻһڶԸֵʱ򣬱һľ͵ϮǾҪԿˡ
λǿԺ˰ɣҶԶޡʯ΢Цŵ
ޡʯˣҶײУĽһţȫûƢһѾǿˣû뵽ҶȽһǿƣ
ǴҲ๥ͽˣҶޡʯ˵һ£һͬ
ãޡʯȵͷͬˡ
һҶǼֻʵǿ֮ǰʱ򣬿˾ЭͬǣʧˣҪ׼
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Ǽֻ͸ϢеŹ֣Ʋôǿ󣬵Ӧòô׶Ըġ
֧سԶЩֿ˹ȥ
Ƿвһŭֻ޴ִǧͽС֣ʱ׼ս
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ݣ쵰ʯһľûиϣ̲סһֻѾսһšҶߣҲֻ֣ͨ֡
һս
޴һľ볷ͻȻ֣ҶǸ˾Ѿסһŵ·
̲סһҸҶľŶսҲֻӲͷƤϣʯľһԸ֡
ˣթҶЦһз
֮һƬսһȺȺĸǿΧЩֻ֣޴붼Χǧĸǿߣս˽״̬

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˿̣Ҷ֪״ǵս뽺šҶָ£սˣɱ¾ЩС֣Ǽֻ־ؽס
ǽȥҶһ𣬸Զñȥ
Ҷ˶ҲϣҶĺ档


958 ܵñ˭죡
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붯֣ҲֹˣֻʵĹɢϢת
ǼʮֻȫûҶһ㣬ಡشҶӹ
꣬ģҶЦ̾
ҶĻü䣬һЦ
Ӱգ֮ܿϡ
ಣҶս˻ۿռ䡣
踽ĳּصʱյ֮ѹƣҶֻƾȥȡ
ԶѾʥѪħƿ
Ҷ˺üʯ޵ʮǿ߲ۺ첻ѣļ£Ҳ裬ᱦǺܿأһЩСִ˷Χս֮С
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СɵηӶ֮еһ⣬ɿ£ֱܿͱһѡ
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Ƿ£ֱʱͻȻ֮䣬ҵزһǿޱȵϢ迪ʼϵ顣
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ߣҶԶһҲΧЩˣϰת񱼡
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ಣҶӰѸٵ뿪衣
оƺʲôǹϢǳ£ޡʯһǿȻе㲻ᣬΧô౦ǻûüϼҪ
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һɺɫĻۣۣۣǿ߱ɫУ˲仯˻ҽ
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˿̣ҶѾӵúԶˣҶһµľѾѸٵسˡ
ųٶȿþˣ˲Ѿǧ֮⡣
ޡʯµľſʼʱѾ˰ģ衰¡һըһֻ͸ߴ׵ĳƾճ֣ŭţצۣһȺȺǿ߻еѪ
ųٶҲܿ죬ǱҶľһͱָֻ׷ˣűһߵĴɱ
Ҷ뵽һʣϻ׷ں棬ֻҪܵñȺǸ˿죬Ͱȫˡ
õõĶЩһҲʲôȳ˵ǳʵǳֲȥֻ
ҶľŴƬ˳ȥ
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ܵĿ죡Ƶһһ·ǿǱľŻǾʯľţʧ˽롣
ǵõ˺üıҲֵˡ
׬ӦþҶˣҶõ˲ٱϰǼټҶľȴʧٵģԺԲơ
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ŷֿ֮ҲΪһ㡣
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֮ص棬һǿ֮صڣֻҪҶľһ֣Ǿͻ¾ֱɱһ˶ʣΪֹ
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ǹһ˿ЦǣǿΣѾҶŰʱҵˡ
֮س½һЩǿ֣߳ǿһȺ˻ɷӣʱһ
׼
һսľǰ˼ȷЩһǿ߲׼ôһϽˡ
Щһǿ߲֪ڶ˭˹ҪˣһҲõһƤ
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ŹСʱ޴ľųˣֽһ彫֮سΧˮйͨ޲
㣿ޣһ⡣
ﲻʲôһǿ߶ûôһǱضһٲŰǽһƣ֮汻ǳһٲŰҪŰһأ
һҲһǿ壬һ岻ɱ¾ĻҪ֮սġ
Сӳûޣݺݵʵ
ǻûһ£ⲻܰǰ֮أ
֮ǰ֮أⲻܣһƭңŭһʮջôһﶢţһ˵ľôǺ֪³֮أ
ûаôƭ㣡޺ίҶžһˣѵҶľŻ֮棿
ЩһǿǿȥһʧأЩˣǾһս
ǸСϻɱᱦˣŭ޿˰졣
΢Щ飬ȷʵҶһᱦˡ
ûУǳŴһЩ֣ʧ̫ؾͳ˳ޱϿҵҡͷ
ƭңСӿ϶棡Ҫѣɵص飬һ
ûޱ⣬һȺȺһǿȥЩһ尴סһȭߡ
ЩһǿǱһϢѹƣ޷סҲһ󱩴򣬴޿Ѫʲô˵Ȼһ
Ƭ̣õһöָĿռɨһۣȻвٱôǴ֮Ūģ
һмƳһۣȻϲؽöָһһ
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һǿǱһһٱᣬϵĶ˸һɶ
ǹȻСӣɣһŰ߷˳ȥ
һҲ̶ãеһǿ·
һģǸû꣡Ǳѣƿڴָˣɫ࣬ŭ죬һôֻܴžŷ޷޵뿪


959 ϲ
һᣬʯҲžųһһ
벻ͨҶľܵģôڶû
Ҷľűȳ֮أǽһľŹѾˣҲͲˣò֮ᵽıȴЩһǿߵ
ڽһѲʯľʱ޳Զ֮УԱ߸һȺһ񡢽
һģҵıﻹ
ղűһһѪŰߵޣűǿɱ˻
һǿǸ£أһս
ʯµľҲˣҲ׷ױ𣬸һսһţ֮صڴһƬҡ
ʱ֮شŰٶһɽϣҶ𿴵һĻ΢΢һЦû뵽һͽһȻҧҧˣջ
ʵһź;ʯľŴ֮س֮ǰҶѾˣҶоս˵棬ȻͰꡢӡУһǻ´֮ء
ǻһʵȽһ廹Ҫǿ󣬾һҲǻһ塣
ҶɵؾͰѾŴ֮ء
ЩһǿôҲ벻ҶôƤӵˡ
ҶһԼջ񣬳Ǽձݵģ֮⣬Ҷõ˲챦ǧٹ֣ǿһ֪ʲôôɫͭ¯һɫҲ֪ʲôģͨ͸
Ҷһɨǿߡ
ЩǿУôǾ֮ͨģҲоͨҩ֮ģǴʦĴڡ
Ҳˣ
֮ҶЩһԵȫǼͨģǼǿоЩĹãȡŪǿıеԴʼǸձݵģͣڵ潨ձݡ
ձ֮ҶŸоԴѷԼ֮ǰܵĸֽԴ֮һձݶ첻
ȻҶҪձǷǳӴģСԪǲࡣ
ձݵõǺâӲĽ֮һ֮󣬽񼶱ǿ߶뽫乥ơҶеĺâر٣ʮ֮һﲻҺŽģȽĺĲãŪǡ
취ŪЩâ
âֶܶǿ߶ᱣôһ㣬Ϊ֮ǰɵܶһԼǿߣõЩǿߵǬȣ淢˲ٺâ
Ӧûвٺâġ
취У
ҶҪǿߣԽԽã
ʱڤ֮УСǸӰ۾
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ˮײĵУһӢ꣬ûһ㸯ͬǰһһͷںڵĳƤϸͬŮһ㣬ò񻰡
ˮ׵ĶˣȻǼ֣
һλģ
ڤ¶˹֮ɫؿݣգЩƮ·ʱʧ
ˣܣ޷ҸоһЩϣһὫģڤ˸ŻްĹâһλػߣһӣˮ׻ٴʧ֮С
һһ³֮УȻǷɵһزƬ
ಣһӰڤǰ
ЩӰڤĽЩӰ翣һӰһ㣬ѷɵƬӸһˣ͸ɣ͵Ҹĳ⣡ڤȻ֪ҶڤǣΪɵƬ
ǣЩӰӦಣ½ʧ
ڤ;Ȼôͷڶڣǵķһµģ򼴽ΣУкĻ
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һжȻһħ񽢲ϵؽԪǣһƬҶҵΧѾŵʮϽ˿ڣǴﵽڼ㡣
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ǽǣҶұľηһֲļ壬ʵǲһЩ˹Ҷұʾ˳
ҶصУ̨籡顢YҶɵ˵Ļ㱨
ǶƵľħѾˣϹ¸˼Ѫɫĸ߹٣ѪɫԸѱ߹ش򿪷Уº󽫻еڶҾħ񽢣
ħ񽢸ͨħܹģħ񽢿׵ؽ֮ĴԪѷɫ˶٣ӵһҾħ񽢿ڰʱκһλͶʮڵı
սУħܷӵǷǳ޴ģѪɫǱ߾ȻϽħ񽢷У̨籡顢YȶǳȣϹѪɫ״ﵽʲôΣѾܹӴѪɫĸ߲ˣ
Ͷű֮⣬ħҲҶҵķչһ¥ħմٶȸ죬Խ֮Ľסʱ䣬ҶҺϹнף˫ӴĲƸ
˭Ҳ֪ҶҵжٲƸһȷǣҶҵĲƸƥгҶ֮ˣҪ
ٹ£ǻһͷӾҪִˣǱ׼̨Ƕׯһ˿֮ɫ뵽Ҷ֪˿Ҷһ㣬Ҷ֪ڽᷢսңҶ϶᲻һеظϻġ
ʱ䣬˾߸ǵľ塢֮Ϊͻͽ½˵ĻСˣСΪþˣ̨籡Ⱥ֮ٶѾ̨籣Ƚ˸λ
Ҫ֪һСѡ
ǰСٶô죬᲻⣿̨籴ѯʾߣСٶ̫ˣ̨籲ǿҵĵǡ
ܿ𣿡߷ǳƽصҶϻʥ麣һϣѪͳٶȲ̫죬Ҫ֪һЩǿ飬ٶȱö࣡
߼ʶԨΪɲ⣬˵ûʲô⣬ǾӦûˡ
ʥ麣ʲôʥ麣
ÿÿ˵һЩе⣬߶ڲ̨籾û׷ʡ
Сÿ춼ĺ֮Сˣĺ֮ΪҲѾ˸λֻĺ֮ĺ֮鵱еĻ壬Ҷ壬츳ȻǷͬһ㡣֮⣬СҲɳ˺ܶ࣬ȻСϵΪûʲôеٶȷǳˣ֮ܽнմˡ
С֮⣬ҲˣǸŮڻС
Ҷ֦ɢҶҶս졢ҶһȻǷǳˣҶŵƽʣϲ
Ȼսƻ򣬵ϲ³嵭˺ܶࡣ


960 ˮ
硣
ҶصԼء
һ֮֮Ҷջķᣬص֮Ҷۼ˲壬һЩڸĽǿߡ
ǶԸҶľš
ЩǿԸ͵ɽ綼òףÿ춼Ҫż׷ɱ֪Ҷ߾ۼ˴壬ӵԼغǶ޷˵ظ˹
ÿ廹൱ġ
ޱߣ١
Ҷ磬СͮٴοҶǳ˷ܣԴϴλ׾ͽˣ׼뿪ˮɽͫһءСͮԶĵطȥˣֻżҶתת
ţҶСͮ΢΢һЦ
˵ǻҪˮɽеӵԼǣͫһҲԲμӣصģҲμˣܱѡϣлˮҶ磬ҪҪȥСͮҶʵ
ˮ죿Ҷɻʲôط
ˮǻʦүģ˵ǻϣֹһλ񼶱ǿߣһصˮ죬һػþԴȵΪ˵ģǲģҲ֪СͮЦŵ
;ǣ֪Ҫβԡ
ҪҪȥҶʵԴΪҶ˵ǼջԵġ֪򼴽ҶеҪʵ
ǻǸѺõһλǿȥͷǻ񳤾һֱӻ壬ǿǵİ
Ҷ룬ǻ֮ǰλΧһЩ뷨һЩӣܹǻע⣬˵һᡣ
湮һµǰΪһЩҩҶΪ۷ԽԽˡ
⼸һЩһͫһظͫһˡ
ͫһȻһû壬ŵǵأǻǲġ
һսһһҲУϾһĵѾˡ
һûע⵽ҶߵأҶɽ֮УǻͫһӻʱӦⲻ
Щһ廹Ҷ裬ǻͫһȻܹӻһʱȴӻһʵǹؼ
һЩǿ֮Ҷ¾ŵѾﵽǧ࣬ҶǽҵΪúܿ졣
룬ҶϾҪ۷弶ˡ
ҶͻȻоԺеķɵЩɵ֮УƺӡһǿʶҶؽȥͻȻ֮䣬ǹʶںϵҶʶ֮УļӿҶԺ
Ǿ쳽֮иط
Ƿħӡ֮⣬Ȼǧִطÿһֶǳǿ
ҶʵֻںһʶһʶǱصĶȴҶʧɫ
ЩǷɵԭ
֪ɵԭˣǸ˵еʥʲôΪֻ߸ߣ
ʥӦòһλΪ˵е۷ǿߣƺûдﵽ񾳽ġ
Ҷһ£ǧطУ̨籡顢Yľ壬ҲȻС
ǧطÿһֶǿþˣҶѡмרõմطһȻʺʥս˻طΪѸٵرʮطҲ˼һˣʥҪ²ָܻ
Щط֮⣬Ҷ˾طʺϸսġ
طʥط͸һĵӡϻ֮һ嵽ŸʥطģһСսʵ˲䱩ǺӴСоʥطˡ
ԼǰǴ˵еʥҶĺ֪ԼǰһʲôĴڡ
ʥô飬Ϊгһܹ
ҶԼµ˴˸ط˾ʥطǵʵܹҶ˵һ
Ҷ俴һʥʯ̣ʵֵһٶ֪࣬ʲôԭɵġȻ岻ϵر¾ʵģɼλƿصڷɿš
õҶɣ޽һԺҲҶش
һʱ䣬Ҷ֮䣬ǽһЩΣ˴֮Ҳһƽȵλˡ
ҶóչԼسҶҲ֪Ϊ״ﵽʲô磬һȷǣѾԴ֮˼Ϊ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ȫΣʩչԴ֮¾ҲĶֲ֡õô׵ذһʩչԴ֮һôĶ֣
ʱƣˮɽĸǿƺƽʱ˺ܶ࣬Ըأ˵󲿷ֶǻӻ塣
ǻȻûʮλȨλϾʮλ֮ǿ֮һӵźܴӰ
ڲݣкܶ嶼ǻӻģЩм㣬ÿ궼͵ˮɽǻ
һǻýˮЩеǷ׷ǰ
Ϊǻĵӣ˵һǳҫ飬˵лˮˡ
˵ǻֻλӽˮ죬λӾǻµλӣ
Ҫˮ첻һ׵飬ǳ̡
ÿһܽˮģǾž޵
ǧǿ߳ˮɽۼǻѡϾҪʼˡ
СͮͫһһЩţҶϿӹҶ껹Ҳ뵽ͫһĶ鵱С
ͫһĶУҲȻУԹؿҶһۣߣż񼶱ţ˵ʲô
Ҷ껹ȫСͮһš
ʱͫһ弸鲻Խһ漴۾ճһ㣬Ŀֳ֮ɫ
ͫһΪƣǵ۹⿴Ǿޣ˫Ǿ޲ѡͫһͨҲûйвŮӼͫһ塣
Աһǿ߿ԱһλϵĶ˵˼ʲô
Ǹ´һЦһλеӢ㣬Ըͫһ壿ϽϵġͫһĿ𻹲øоң֪жŮҪͫһ壬½ֻһС檡
ɨһ𣬱תͷᡣ
飬ǵЦݽϣߵʲôҪһģȻôӡ
ϣ⼸λͫһĿˣԶüͷһ
Ȩֻܺһ
һĻҶЦЦӱˣһȻȫˣѪ˰ɡ


961 
ˮɽ֮иǿ߾ۼеĳȺӣеֻǰ
󲿷ֶǸǿߣȻмʮ֮࣬ɼǻڲݻǼӰġ
˵νˮһٶ
֪ǻôġ
ЩǿߵۣҶȷǻӦΪ˴µͳ
һαλΧǶǻ˺ܴĳϾһ㣬ǻˣһǻ뷨϶Ͳһˡ
滹Աߵļ¶ϲɫǻӻ˼ʮ壬ͫһ岻֮һˣǻֻôϣͷǳãˣû뵽ǻϰٸ
ΪȷʵǺǿǻֻע츳ΪΡ
캮һ塢Ӱһ塢һȵȣܹʮ壬лһЩ˵ޡǿߡ
޸壬걻ģ壬һ塣
ǿǶĵصȴţǳпȥǻµλ֮ƽţ쿴ţ¶۵ɫ
һӶľ硣
ܶǿ񡢽񾳽磬ԶͣˣΪǰһ˵񾳽ˡ
ͫһ츳Щ棬Ӧŵýǰ壡ЩȻ˵һٶͫһ˵ҲܽȥôͱȻһˡ
ĵصȴţȺǻ֡
λһβ;ǣ֣ǻʱԱ߹עǶԲԽʲô飬ܿһλӸ·Щǿߣ˵
ׯλ֣飿峤Ϸ׷׹ֵ
ǣҲϽӦ
ǻµĶλӣڸ֮Ҳǵ¸أ˸ǵȨ
ȻλǣǾͿʼɣׯ˫ֲϵؽӡƬ֮гĳ͸ĶˮһҺ壬˶С
Ȼˮ磡
˵ǿǿȣᵹӳˮ統У
Ҫʼˣսȭͷڴ
֪ˮʲôطȥ֮ҪòܳҶСѯԱߵоΧĿˮһ㣬
ҡҡͷҲֻǲϵشӸǿʱֻƬ֪һЩˮйصϢ
ˮһǳԪ飬ÿһζҪԪǻҲĲǻΪ˴ôԪ˲ʱ䡣
ǻԭѰҵһлĵӣˮģһΣǻˡ
ǻһЩųѷɫһЩҲû¡ǻ׼ԼĹͳǣȻ뿪ˮɽЩߵֻҪһţĵͳͲʧ
ֳϣޡǴ֣֪Ǽ壬ӦûֻһɣбҶһۣһ˵ŷղűӣȻڻ
ˣΪһһӹ
ԱߵԼЩͫһſǣһԾԾԣڴš
ǰûܱǻУмضкܶ˳Ϊǻĵӣѡ̫ϸˣֻôһһͻȻҪϰٸôҲֵ˰ɣ
ˮ֮Уһоһ㱡ɴˡ
ڿʼͷųǵʱյ֮λ·ĸǿߣ˵
Щǿ߿ʼƴͷԼʱյ֮
ǵʱյ֮ˮ֮мдС
ڶεʱյ֮һֻ񾳽磬̫
һεʱյ֮һӶ޷̫
ׯλһ֣һǿ߾ͱͳˮ硣
һĻҶɵЩ棬ˮ絽ʲôԭΪʲôܹԳ
ָһԽǿ츳ԽǿԽ츳Խ
һȺһȺ˱̭֡
캮һģ츳ƺׯ¶λĿһ캮ϣСֻʮҵӣᶨѾΪˡ
ǵһˮɽ
ͷʱյ֮ʱܷһһȦһȦɢԶĵطһЩ񡢽񼶵ǿߣܵҲûôԡ
ǲ֪ǿΣׯ
ܣҶһЩеԭԽǿԽ츳Խǿ
ԽԽ˿ʼ
Ҳ಻סʼ߶ʱյ֮ܿأܵһȦһȦԡ
΢΢һЦǳӡ
ȴǲΪȻûʲôøУ֮ǰ浱СͮĻҲΪ˰ʵСͮͫ츳ԶԶ档
СͮˣԱߵСͮ
ţСͮص˵ͷ׶һֱǳڴҪǻ£Ըøʧһͷųʱյ֮һȦȦֲɢ
һȦȦǸ캮һ껹Ҫǿö࣬ʮʮŵУֻôһܸСͮᲢۡ
ׯҲ࿴Сۣͮһ˿֮ɫ
پٹ⣬Сͮ츳һֱڴģβԣһʯͷ˵أСͮӦܳΪǻĵ˰ɣ
Сͮ츳Ҫһأǲ죬ϲõҲ˺ܶࡣ
Ƭ֮ߵļ񼶱ţҲ׷ײǵô棬Сͮ˲١ҲмŲһ£ɼС
ͫһһУûһ츳Сͮ
ͫһ˶ˣǵĿҶаϣҶڶûв
ҶȻûвڸ֪ˮ磬׾ܴһ磬ǵʱյ֮޷漤κһ˿ֻǿˣˮ
ûͷʱյ֪֮ˮһЩԭ
ˣٲԣλûʱǡһҶа꣬Ϲŵĳ֮ɫ壬츳жǿֻǱ̭ϡ
ҶһҲڸ֪ˮ磬Ļƽ֣һʱյ֮ͷŶ
ֵ˲䣬һȦȦͷŶ羪κһ㣬СͮͷųҪ
˲䣬λĿϣһۣһĨϲ֮ɫ
ôǿȻһϣ


962 ǲ
һͫһǿȫɵˣϳ֮ɫ
⣬ǿ˰ɣ
һôǿ̶ֳȣ
Ҳ¶ŵɫҲû뵽ΪСͮѾǿˣû뵽Ȼǿ㾪˵ĳ̶ȡ
ĿǰΪֹв˵Уǿġ
ԼҲһҲû뵽Ľ
ȻԾǣ㲻زμˣѾѡˡׯգλ¶˷֮ɫֵţ츳񾳽ȫûпܴﵽߵĳ̶ȡ
ȻϵЦˣȻˣΪǺȻһ¡
˱ǻһѹˣǲͻѹƽ񾳽ģ
飬Ҫʾʦ𣡡ׯ
ѡɣǻׯĶ
ǣպׯӦ
ʱһǿĲƣѸٵɢ
ׯȵתͷȥ
ֻҶļϣҲٻһʱյ֮Ȼ޼
ΪĺᣬǿȻģȴ֪ʲôԭ򣬾ȻҲ
һһҲǱѹ˵塣
ҲѡˣׯҶϵİ
ǰ꣬ǱѹƵĻӵӦǷǳ򵥵ģ֪Ϊʲôǻûоʹ˷ͬ𡢰ֱѡ
ǳƣ𡢰ֱѡζǻԸ𡢰Ϊͽˣ붯Ѿǲˡ
ֻʱĿ⣬߿˹
֪Ϊʲô˪Ŀ⣬оһ˿⣬Ƭ̣ȻعŭһΪǻΪͽܾôˣҪ񾳽绹֪ҪʲôʱأοǸ壡
Ͱǳǿ˵ĿȫҶϡ
Ҷͬǿɣ
Ǿ̫ˡͰǳǿҲпɺϣټһҶǿ㾪˵ĳ̶ȣͲɺܹݵˡ
Īʲô취ɣ
ÿǿӵе츳Ǻġ
ĿתضҶ
һͫһģǿߡ
ǧ˫۾عעţλҲɵעҶ
Ҷ𡢰һǿ
˿һ飬еϣһЩ𺳵ĳ棬е㲻ϣΪìܡ
Ҷ΢۾ˮ磬еһЩԭԭĲһһʱյ֮ʱյ֮ǳɫģֻеһһɫ
һ˿˿ƣ֮Ѹٵɢ
˿ƣǱȽǿģԶԶûͰǰ㾪ˣֻСͮࡣ
һĻ˲֪Ϊʲôһ
ȻͰǿ󣬽ֻǴɶѡҶȻǿȴû̫ˡ
ЩǿƿĿ⣬Խܡ
ȻͰռΪͰһ壬ǲۡ
һҶҲǰ㾪ˣǾ̫ϳˡ
ܹﵽͰģʮǿߵУҲδؼһͬʱѾˣͬʱġ
΢΢ؿһҶҶֻǸСͮ޼
ͰȴЩȵؿһҶǵϣҶֻٻһɫʱյ֮ƺʲô
λûбʾʲôĿѾתˡ
һһǿ߲ϵˮ
ЩŵǿкüѷɫСͮСͮҪǿһЩܹﵽ𡢰ôǿģȴûС
ûͰ꣬һβԵĽҲѾ󳬳λԤˣǶǳ⡣
нӽٸСͮ滹ʮһͫһŶС
ԵģǾǣǵﵽҪһļֵҪسΪǿ飬ҪĻǾǡǵͣǵܹһ͵ӵǲǿҲȥģĳ̶ֳϣǱҪҪ·ѡеٶš
˭֪ǷǳҪһַǳصĶҪʲôܲԾǣ
һӣֻٶǰһŵˮ򣬴С󣬳ߴ粻ܹͬʮСǸֻĴָСǸԴô
ֻ֮轫ʱյ֮ע뵽֮УܲԡǿԴСĿʼǵľǺǿ֮޷ǵʱյ֮Ӷը͵СǸ֮ɵġ
ĻЩǿ߶Ŀ۽Щ֮ϡ
һһǿ߽СǸ֮򣬽ע뵽˾֮УءһСǸ֮ը÷飬˳̡
ƺܼ򵥵ӣǸһǿ΢΢һЦȻ˵ڶ֮
ڶҲءһը
ĸ˵ʱ򣬲עǾ֮˿ǵͨ죬һ
ըĸ㲻ˣ΢΢ס
ĻǸһǿһΪҪըʮ㲻أû뵽ըĸѾ
أأأ
ǿ½Լľǡ



һ

Ȼĸǲˣ󲿷ָŶֻըһҲУըǷëˡ
СͮЩַ֮һ֮ϡ
أ
أ
أ
߸
ը߸ֱڰ˸Сͮͣ
߸֮ɼ˷׷׽Ŀ۽СͮϣСͮĿǰ߼¼СͮߵҲͱ֮ѣ⾫ǿ𾪡
ҲѡˣׯһӣСͮ
˲ɵ۵ؿһСͮ
ɵ˷ܿϲѣΪСͮˣΪǻĵӣСͮδǰ;
ɵüʵؿһļֱϵӵܣõһҲͱ֮ѣõĻпܱѡУõĻûˣϾ֮ıȱȽǡ
ʱԱĳɼҲˣһͣ૵ⲻܣܡ
űһ֮
ʱյ֮ڶ֮Ȼ˿
ⲻܣҵľôôЩһ֮ҲζϣˡǸ޹أǿǺ˱ȱȽǣ治ҳΪһ


963 
ôĲģԵĽˣı䡣
һһŲԼľǡ
֮ı֮ڶ
֮ǰҶˮİԼ֮˴˹һֹɣԲ׾Ҷԭļƻ׼಻٣ոǰ֮УؾͿˡ
ǿǰľ֮ҶЩɻˣЩ֮Ĺ쵽ôģʲôԭ
ַСǸ֮ϣһ˿ʱյ֮ע˾֮
أ
ûҶо֮Ĺ죬֮㱬ѿ˷۳
ٶ̫ˣ
Ҷ֪û취ˡ
ܹ׾Լ˹עǲġȻڣû취׾Դ󷽷չ¶
ŷ׷ײԣɼûһ֮ģѾǷǳˣСͮ˶ûﵽ߸ϱĸ֮ͿԹˡ
ҶţԼܹ֮
˵ԼľӦò̫ο֮УдľǡǶʱյ֮ӦһЩӰģĻ⾫֮Ҳ޷ʱյ֮мǵǿ
أأء
Ҷעʱյ֮֮һһ֮򱬵

Ҷ֮ʱ˵Ŀⶼ۽Ҷϡ
ܹ֮Ѿ϶ܳΪǻĵӣˮˡ
ƣҶСͮˣͫһܽģҲȴû
Ŀ⣬΢΢Ҷϣ֪ҶܲСͮһ߸֮
ׯλҲڴؿҶ
Ҷ֣Ѿˣ߸е̫עˣע֮£ݲ٣ֻܽٵʱյ֮ע뵽߸֮档
Ǿ֮Ľƺעʱյ֮޹ء
׵ֶΣžҶַ˵߸֮ϡ߸֮ѾȭͷǰСˡ
ֻעһ˿ʱյ֮ءһǸ֮Ǳˡ
߸
Сͮƽˡ
ԱΧ۵ͫһǿǷ󾪺֮
ҶѾѡǾҶ츳һ壬Ȼӵǿľǡ
Ŀ˵ĿⶼҶϡ
Ͼǵڰ˸֮ˣҶܷСͮļ¼
ֱؿţҶ츳ԽǿǾԽơ
Ȼ΢в죬鵹Сͮ츳ѡǱȻġСͮ츳ȻܺãҲǻע⣬Ҷ츳ǿܹõǻע⣬չСͮ˵޺
ĥţҶ츳㹻ǿԺöҶһЩôˣٸҶֲĹϵ
أ
ڰ˸֮ıը˶߻صֱֱؿţβŻع
ڰ˸ҶѾСͮļ¼
ҶʣѾǸŵоǿˡ
ٶˣ½½ز˾ǣǵĿⲻԼͬȫҶϣۣмʡ
츳
ϧǸ壡
һһģ츳壬δɾͲׯλţвпôõ츳ô塢һأ
塢һ壬Ҳǿ壬ֻϧѾûˡһûһ壬ȻܵţǷǳˡ
أ
һըھŸ֮򱬵ˡ
Ȼ𾪣š
ΪҶڰ˸֮򣬹ѾǼˣû뵽ҶȻֱ˵ھŸ
Ҷľǵжǿ
оΧЩ˾ǿһԼҶЦھŸ֮ʵ̫ˡĿ֮£Ҷû취Щʲôʼû׾֮ԭֻעôһ˿ʱյ֮û֮ܵڲĽṹ֮Ѿˡ
Ҷͼ֮̽ڲ죬Ƕʧˡ
Զ΢΢һüͷôͷȷʵ̫ãҲﲻҶ
ҶΣô˶ţֻӲͷƤʮ֮
أ
һ졣
ޱȵľ㵣ؿҶҶûˣʮ֮ҲҶˣҶľǵжǿ
᲻Щ֮򻵵ˣ
˰ɣ
أ
ʮһ
ӣ˶ľˣҶʲôҶ׼֮
һΣλҲ𾪲ѣڲԾǵʱׯ񱬵˰˸֮񱬵˾Ÿ֮ڵʱѾƵ츳׿ԽˣȻҲû취񾳽硣
ʮһ֮һʲôһЩǿĳţҲ̶ֳȰˡЩܹ۷壬Ϊһ׵ģҲֻܱʮʮѡ
Ҷһ壬δĳɾͽᳬ
ʱˮ֮ǻҲɵùע״
ׯգ츳ͬѰؽϢЩΧ۵뿪ϴȥиҶйصļ䣡ǻ
ǣλӦ
ΪҪϴȥЩ񡢽Ժļ䣬Ҳ׾ٵ飬Ҷôྫ֮Ϣǲᴫˮɽ֮ġ
Ҷ֪ǻİţ֪ǻİţ˿̵һ
ҶڼôĿתضţѹܴҶҲ֪ܱ֮
ʮ
أ
ըˡ
ʱ˶ûκλ˵ˣֻ㶵ؿţΧһƬš
أأأ
һһ
ʮ֮򱬵ˡ
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ϧҶǸģзԹܵǻһѹƣҶǸ֮šǻ񲻽ü˼š
ʱءһʮ֮ըˡ
ô᣿
ǻ𾪣Ҷ츳Ȼǿ˳̶ȣܹʮ֮侫һǿױȵĳ̶ȣ֮˵ܹأÿһλǺǿ
ȻֻһȼǻҲ֪ʵ״ﵽһĲΡ
Ҷʮ֮򣬶ǻԵλ˶ôĳ
岻ǻѹˣҶпһλ
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˾ôɵɵؿҶһһ֮Ѿȫ֪һʲôĸˣֻ֪ҶľǺǿǿ̶ֳȣǸûи
ʮһǿʮŸҲǺǿô˵Ѿûʲôˡ
ֻǻԵףмĲൽж
ʱǻȣеҲԸӣҶûֹͣ
˿ҶҲľˣôʱյֻ֮Ҫһʱյ֮ǰľ֮ͻرʣ


964 ʥ
ԣҪҵÿ˾ǿȵļ޲
Ҳ˵Ҫҵһ֮򣬲Ҷʱյ֮Ǹ֮򶼲ͣ
֮򣬾ʹľǿȡ
ǣҶľ֮ԽԽ࣬ʼҲǸ֮
Ҷ̧ͣͷȥ˶ĿתؿҶҵǸ֮ǾԲĵġ
Ҷֻܵͷ
ڶʮ֮ҲǱˣҶڽӴˮѾǳˣһֻղ
ʮˣ֮򲻻˰ɣǺЩе뷨ǿ˿ǰЩˮеͣ˵Ǿúľ֮⣬𼸸ŵľ֮򣬿ǲʱյ֮Щ֮ûκηӦ
Ǿ֮ԭǾֻһˣҶһľǿȣѾﵽ˱̬ĳ̶ȣ
мĻϲĸǿĵߣ׼뿪ˮɽ
ҪϢݳȥ
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ǻǸһһμλĲԣǸһУѾһλѾõǿˣͣ񾳽磬Ѵ
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⣬ҲǱǻһ壬ΪؿԼ屻ǻһ˳ΪߣȻ壬ֻһӵ壬ûһϨǻһŭ
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һģҶͷСͮôɰҶȻչСͮġ
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ǻѯʣҶһʶһλȱǻ̤λȱ㼣壡ûг֪ǻĵϸ֮ǰҶǲҰеһжǻġ
ĿǰǻǲģҪٹ۲һʱ䡣
ǻ΢΢ף֪ҶһЩʲôûй׷ʡ
Ȼ䣬бˣǵأһᾡӻģֻҪһ塢ǻһ岻񼶱ǿߣݣˣҲû˸ҶǣҲôС£һֻҪв棬Ƕǲֵġ׵壬ǿ߱в˼߼棬ЩҲִѹ塣ǻ
Ҷ˵ͷôСһأôҲ񼶱ǿ߳֡
ˮǳλʥҲȻˮλûʲôáǽУһЩµᣡֻϧ壬ǻһѹˣǶ˻֮񾳽硣ǻȻһ̾
ǻĻҶһʥǰˮ죿ʥǰˮ죬Ϊ˽ȥ𣿻һЩ⣿
ˮ֮УĳЩܣǻҲ֪
ҶȻǳˮˣҶʥһǳǿˣӷɵص¥ֲþͿԿóʥµˮ©ˮ죬ӦòֻΪô򵥡


965 ʷ
ǻ˵˱ǻһѹƣǻһʹõǼʥ١Ϊ˴߶٣ǿķ˲Ƕ˿ƣҪͻǻһѹƣҪĳЩ
ʲôҶʵ˵֪ʥ֮Ե٣ǲ֪ǻûбķ
֪ʥԶԿ٣һʥ֮һα飬ֻ֪ηһЩǿĸ֮ǰֵʱһΪʥ֮˭ʥ֮ûг֡ǻ̾Ϣһ
Ǽα鲻֪ʲôʥ֮ǡþҶ𻤱۵С
˵ʥܹ֮񣬿ûƭ
Ϊ˽ǲǸýʥ֮ðһգ
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壬ϷǳǿơȨҶϻ壬ʮλ֮࣬ǿʥﵽ۷壬ֻһѡ
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̫С߼ˣ߼ÿһӵλ񣬶ÿһ߼嶼ٸӹΪս
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Ͱ궼һЩĬ
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Ҷ겻ѣеˣϹӶΪʲôһԶ̬֮ȡ
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мһЩԵɣҶˡʥΪʲôߵͷʱѪݡԭǰƵǰһԨԴ
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ʱǿѾ̵ķ˼ʥıУȻ֮Թصʥ룬ǲòϣʥȷʵΪƴʱʥôһʥǻһʥܣ˿Ҳڸá
Ǳһָӵ飬ȴʥת
壬ܷػܷ
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ĺȻʥҲòϣʥתΨһϣˡ
ǻ˿Ҷֿ˿𣬳Ҳ֪ڵ״Σһǻһ忪սʱ򣬱˴ңһԪһѾȴܾˣǻս⣬ô£Ϊһ죡
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Ҷ˵ͷʵǻ֪廹Щǿߣ֪ЩǿߵټͿԽЩǿ¡
ҵǺǻһµŶˣһ飬Ҳ˸ǡ
ʲô飿Ҷֵʵ
ִҶϻ壬ʥҲҶϻһԱ֮ҶϻеһλӤ۱ָʥͬ˵˵츳ʥ£ʱѾ޷λˣñķǻ
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966 ۷壡
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ҶҲ޷ȷֻĲ²ѣϾͬͬյıȱȽǣеˡȻҲҶϻеĳԱһһţǻں϶ȣǸ˵еһжֻһĻ
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ǻɨһЩţǶԸţҶǺڴǽˮ죬֮γɵһʱѺۣʱźǲͬģʮ꣬Ҳֻ൱һѡ
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һͷӶ˷ܵţȻһطΪʲôǻǰµӽأ
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ǻҶˣðôķգȴֻܵõô棬ǾԲġ
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Ҷ룬ʵڳŲסˣܰѰս棬ڵǲӰģ뵽Ҷͷˡ
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ȻǺؾȥһˮѣŲη壡
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ڴﵽ۷徳ˣ
ҶϲѣͻƵ۷徳ˣ˵һķԾ
֮ҶûվǼţŵǰΪʶƮƮ·ˮںϳһ塣


967 ʥֻ
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ǿԿˮ龰ȴ޷Щŵ
֪һΣмܹ̾Ҳˮ죬ͬеЩͬ飬һȥˣȻм˸С
ׯĿҶͰϣеŹ֣Ҹоŵٶǵʮ౶ʦǸҶͻƵ۷ˣܷͻǻһѹƣ
ܣǻҡͷٵ棬ǴˮҲһ޷ͻƵ񣡡
ϧˣׯλȻһ̾
ǻȴûʾʲôֻĿؿеҶ
ҶƮƮ·뵽ˮ֮УʱҶоǳоĿڹ۲
Ӧǻԡׯλ
Ŀ⵱УҶоһĿһ˿⡣
ҶǻĿ⻹ǷǳϤģĿ⣬ǻĪׯλеһǻ߱һϸ
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ҶǱʶҪѰҵǸڡ
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磬ֻҪɱģԸǿ߲ӿ֣˴ɱǳǵҲоôϧ廳ǣΪѰˣò˼꣬е˾Ǹľ²һһһ
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Ҷ΢󣬿Դﵽ񾳽磿
ǿĴڣÿһλӵλǹͬƹеһСʥȻϧΪ޲Ѻ֮ûܰ񣬷ĻҲ䵽㾳أ
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ʥĻҶʣöأĪѾǻһʥ𣿡
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Ѿʮλֻи嵱ǿߣʸõ񣬽֮С㵽Ǹ磬֪εõˡʥ
ʮλ񣬼˵Ҳ˵ܹʮλ
۷Ĵڣ棬κǿߣ۷徳ģǰҲϰĴڡ
ԭʥǻһʥ
ҽһɵƬˮ֮Уϸ֪һܲڣҪܷɵĲƬԭǲܻǻһʥģΪǻһ岻ӵ٣һʥѪꪣʥɫ֣صضҶ
ǻһӵһһ챦
ˣҶ˵ͷҪԿǿƵǻһ̸ףҶҪ飬ս棬ΪƴһƬգ
׼𣿡ʥҶ΢Ц
ʲô׼Ҷһ¡
ںϷֻ꣬һлҲ͸Ȼ޷ͻǻһѹƣﵽ񾳽硣ʥҶ̺Ŀǰ޷ģܻ̿ʹ࣬Ҫ׼
ֻʥһ˿ӷֻϰ
Ϊ˱ҵʶӰ쵽㣬ҵʶȴӷֻϰмҾҪɢˣʲôϽʰɣʥȻֻһƷֻ곯ҶƮҶϡ
䣡
һܵʹഫ뵽ҶԺС


968 
˿̣ҶĻʲô⣬ֻоһ˺ѷΰʹࡣ
ʥֻ겻ϵںϽ棬Ҫһ㡣ʥֻʵ̫ǿˣҶڵľܳܵġ
ҶоԼڲϵǴɿسɳճˮ졣
䣡
򲻶ϵţҲǱԽԽӴ
֮Уǿ߸о˵֮пǷؼȡš
һɹǿϢ˷س
һһǿ߽ף񾳽硣
ҶǿߵУкܶ඼ģ˵ѹƣвǴ۷弶ģֻһ˿ˡһ£ǳĳЩĻǺѽģʥķֻ˲ǵǿޱȣһ½ס
񼶵ǿ߾һ㣬ϵðû֮󣬾Ѿǧˡ
ǧǿߣ
ʥֻҲϵؽЩƽ޵ڡ
ͬʱһٶֻƽ޿ʼ
֮ǰѾǼֻƽ޼ȡʥֻ϶ʱâҫҲ׷׽ףֻܹƽ޽׵񾳽硣񾳽ĻƽǷǳֲģ۷ǿҲһܶԸǣΪ񾳽֮󣬻ƽ޵ǿһΡǸ޷ƻƽ޵ȻƽҲκβ˽ġ
ںʥֻһ˲䣬ҶΪѾﵽ˴۷壬񾳽ֻôһˡ
˱ѹƣںʥֻһ˲䣬ҶԽǸߵĽ񣡵ΪǻһѹƣҶΪʼͣڴ۷壬ֻ޽ӽ񣬵ʼ޷ͻƵ
겻ϵǿǿǿ
ҶоԼΪ񾳽ԽԽ
ΪѹƣҶڴ۷粻ϵعţޱʵֱͨǿߵʮٱ
ǻһѹƣȷʵסķչȴ嵱һˣԶͣڴ۷徳磬ڴ۷徳粻ϵϵޱʵ̡
һƿ治ϵעΪƿӵƣʼֻô㣬ǿܶȴڲϵӣǲϵǿһǳֲĳ̶ȡ
۷徳ǿԽԽ࣬پͽѹƲסˣҲǻһҪ¾ԭǵһٵ
ƿ˸ѹĿﵽһٽʱƿӾͻ
ʱҶΪϵǿţʼղͻƵ񾳽磬ֻڴ۷徳粻ϵǿ

Ҷޱʹ࣬оǧѹ˷ѹ
޷ѹ
ȻˣҶȴڲϵرǿǲϵ죬أдĹǽڣǣʵѪҺҲһѪ粻ţޱȷʢ帽һϡ
ǱޱӴΧһЩ壬Ҳǲϵ
ҶΪҶµԽԽࡣ
ʥΪеҶ¶һ˿οЦݣ忪ʼɢĳһϣҶһ
һУΪǿʵΪܹΪ۷߼壬ʵʱҲصΣֱ룬ʥһֱʹ֮С
Ҷ
ΪģҲôˣʥգƵ̾Ϣ֮һ̾Ϣ̾Ϣһ
Ϊʥ츳ܼҲãһУյķֱ
ĿҶϣȻûõȴ֮в׽һϢע뵽ܷɵ֮Уĵܻһ磬Ͼ쳽㾿ܴﵽʲô̶ȣҲ޷Ԥ⣬ֻϣ㲻Ҫҵ·ˡ
ʱҶûʥЩһֱʶ
ˮʱɿš
һһꡣ
ʱƣԽԽĸ˥һƳ
һٶֻʣʮһ
ʮһ֮УʮҲѾ˥ϲˣڿ֧ŵС
ҶͰ궼ƽš
ѾǵʮͷСͮԭѾŵñȽˣͻȻһǿϢ׽񾳽硣
񾳽֮Сͮٶȥܶࡣ
ͫһûбѹˣܹҶ껹ֻͣڴ۷壬ϵ޽ӽ۷ļޡ
ǰ껹ܵŵӰ춼΢С
ԽǿˣԽ
ôͷ֮ҶоԼΪȻǴ۷壬Ѿﵽһ˵ļޣҲǼǿ󡣵еǿߴﵽ˰ǧ֮࣬񼶱ĻƽޣҲﵽ˾ֻ
ʥֻ꣬Ȼ
Ҷֻںаٷ֮һѣо󲿷ֶǱҶ̥֮Уȫֻ궼ͷųֻƬҶͻᱬ
Ͼ۷徳ǿߵķֻ꣡
оʥֻǿֲҶʵһµ˽⡣
ǻӴҶǻʵɲ⣬ڣҶŷ֣ȻѾ۷壬ǻʵȣֱͬ׺һڣȫһεġ
ҶңԶʥʯ̣ʥʯϣʵֵš
ͻǧͻ˰ǧ
һ·ͻƣֱǵһǧ࣡
ʵֵȻͻͽ۾ؿҶʵֵôͻȻô࣬Ȼֱӽ˶壿
һǲǸҶйأ
𿴲ʥֻ꣬ҲҶĵ磬Ը֪׷ʲô顣
оԼѪǡȵͻȻǿ˺ܶ࣬ȻΪȻ۷徳磬ȷȷʵʵоʵǿ
ҶҲˣڵѪǡǣͻȻǿ˺ܶࡣ
ʵϲˣڼƵǿǣоʵĴ
֮õĽһȫ
ʵֵӵ֮ͣѪͳı֮ĺЧ
Ҷһ£ʵֵҪﵽʮܽ塣
Ҷı仯Ǻܴ󣬷Ǵ۷徳磬ǲ֪ǣ׶ʱڷŷ츲صı仯
ԪǸϡ
һׯС壬峤һλŽǿߣ䳡ϿżӵܲЩӵܵ츳ôߣΪߵҲ׶ѡ
ҪлҶңΪǸҪøǿΪػߣΪҶ׷ߣλŽǿ֣صؽ̵ļӵܣ㣡һ׵ļӵܡ
ǣ峤վ˳ɫأתǰľʯһȭ
¡ǰʮ׸ߵľʯһȭ飬ҷۻƮ䡣
˶ɵۣףǾŽǿߣһȭôһʯɣ
Ҳɵۣ㶵ؿԼ˫ȭŵصɴ۾


969 
ҳ˾ŽǿߣĿ͵
һֻǷһ˲䣬оͬС
ʱ嶼ˡ
ô£Ҹоҵһǿ˺ö࣡
ҲǣҾȻʮˣ
׵ȫ˾Žǿߣ׵ȫʮǿߣǸŽ׵峤ֱӽ˵֮С
׶֮󣬾һյӤǿȶ׵ģǿߣʵԵ
峤ô£˶峤˷ֲʵ
ǵһЩżأܾǰĻĹ壬ոյӤٶսʡ񾳽ģһ츳ˣʱƣ˱ѹ֮ʵϱǵ츳ѾǰҲ²ĳλܣΪһǵʵ˾˵
峤ĻЩ˺ܶࡣ
ĳλΪƴһҪסᣬȡøǿΪλܵı
Ϊս
Ѫڣӿ̿ࡣ
һڳǵĻճȭңգһ죬ҲҪΪ֧Ϊҫƴɱ
֮㼣鼰棬Ĺ嵱Ув֮УǵĺϵطܣΪһǿղ䡣
ʥ
һƿصӵڸ壬岻ʢļ֮һ
ʥУΪӴǴﵽ۷徳ľ֮ࡣ
׶˲䣬ǿߣоԼʵ츳ı仯
еͻȻ۾
Ҹоˣǽ׵˶壡
һЩ壬µ䵮𣿡
һλǽ˶壡
Щ۷ǿǷ׷֡
׼񽢣ҪȥѰλ䣡
죬ȥ׼񽢣Ǽ̾Ҫ
Сʱ֮ʮǿߴʥ򿪳˷ȥǲ֪λĸ򣬵һж޷赲ѰҹľġҪҵλ䣬׷Ϊս
ȻʷкܶѾʱĳ֮УǺܶ±ǿڿഫԶȵҫ
ʥӡ򡭡
嶼ɧš
֮ܶУڸǿļз֮УΪţȵѪҺǵǻ֮ʣ
Ϊҫս
޾Уڼзе࣬׶һ˲䣬ǼеҫѣǲٸݷҪȥ׷λ䣡
һ񽢿ʱմںѰλټ
һЩû񽢣š
һ񽢴ЩϾȻ󻺻ǿӿЩ񽢣񽢻Щǿ뿪
Ƶһ㣬һ
֮Ѱûз䣬Щǿߣ̤ó̡֮궼Ҳλ䣬ܶ˶ãã֮УȻ޷ˡ
ĸ巢ɧһʮɻ
Щˣ
ǺѰʲô
һЩĵж;϶Щнɱһ񽢱УȻը˹ȼյĻ档ÿһ嶼Ҫܾ޴ʧȻ޷赲ǣÿһЩ񽢾Ŷ᲻š
һȺȺĺǨһ㣬һֱʻǿյ
Ȼһ壬۷ֲĹ㷺ȺĹģûһܸᲢۣټ鲼档
򣬵
ǰţſƼķչϵ಻ϵ̽ǿգûзټ·һ硣
ȫûʱյ֮Ĵڣ嶼޷ǧǰܶ嶼ѾǨ
ﻹǴһЩ塣
ֱ䣬ǿ֮дϢǿ̽ߺ˵żż֮ǰżһǻڵĺۼשоЩǽȻͬģӵзǳǿԿɽѵĳЩ񻰴е𣿡
ǿ̽ߺŽЩĺǣЩǽоǽһؽҿİأ
̫ƽ󺣵ףһǱͧڻ³
ɽôڣǱͧһĴ󺺿ŵӣЦһ
̽ǷһЩ쿴ʲôһСָŽͧϵʾĻȵص
һĻĴ۾һ˼飬ֻǺһĹڣشţĹڣΧһΰĵܣһЩ;޴ܡ
һһ塣
ʲôĴ󺺵Բ۾ɲϸۿš
ĳĲƬ
Ϣȥһ֣ǷˣĴ󺺷Ӧ֮󣬿ϲޱȡ
Сʱ֮һԵϢڵϴ
ǱͧںһĹڣ̼14˥ڲⶨʾĹҪǰʮ꣬Ĺ˭ģҼע̨š
Ĺڣ̽ĽûгһϢȫ˵񾭡
ǿ̽߷ϢϵԵִǿսǿ̽ߺŷӰ񣡡
ӰʮǺ嫵ǿ֮УһҾ޴ǿս֮ڱƬǿգЩ޴ǿսŵЩǿսȫǿ̽ߵĴڡ
Ҿ޴ǿսǰӹⳡ̫ˡ
Ǳ֮ͧУӿŵӣԼͷ൱ģŻŸղӲͻȻлǿ̽ߺš
ݣǿ̽ߺţͷƵһǿ̽ߺŴĻ棬ɴ۾ŵϴ
Ǳͧϼ˶ɵۣм۾ǲԼۻˡ
֣
սϾҪʼ𣿡
ǰδеĿֻ֮Уʮ࣬ڵӻǰעǿ̽ߺŴϢȻĿƼѾչ˷ǳ˵ĳ̶ȣһĻ𺳵ĳ棬Ҿ޴񽢣йҶ˷Ĵ㡣
Ϊǽʵ̫ӴˣֵܹģùеĳҲ޷ȫ
Ǿ޴࣬ûô
ºһ񽢽˴㣬֮У۷ǿǵ˲
߻֮ؾȻҲڣ
ϧûʱյ֮Щ嵱Уûһߣ
û񣡡


970 սף
Щ۷ǿߵӹ̫ƽĺףںĹ
һ۷ǿһӣ̫ƽײһʯͷϵ¡Ĺ˺ƽϡ
Ĺ󣬷ԲֻһңûбЩ۷ǿƾĿƼںܳһʱ棬ں֮С
ĹĹϣɷдż֣ʥ֮Ĺ
ʥĹ
ȻʥĹ
ǿ߶ɧˣû뵽ʥĹƫԶı߻֮أ֪˶꣬ĹѾƾɲˡ
۷ľ֮ԭӦñģû뵽ȴⲻ֪Ľ䣬жʱ޾ı
ʥһ飬һִ˻ԻͣΪ壬ǰδе۷塣Ǻʥɱ壬վǣҲǿߺġ
ֱ㱻壬ǲŽʥġеʱҪɾ۷壬ȻʱڲŽһ£ȫԸ֧ʥҲǵҵľء
½һЩǿĹǰݣнӽһˣĵͬʥһ룬ì̬ܵȣΪкܶ˶λĺᡣ
ʥǶԵģ˵ǵȣλǴģ
ʥûĹ֮У
ĪʥתĴģ
ǿһ鱮ģ
ЩǿǵĿ⣬˱ϣǱѾģˡ
˵ʥµıģʮ꣬Ҳκ𣬵ûʱյƵĴڣκ绯ٶȶǳ죬ҲطҪ̺ܶ࣬߰ʮѾˡ
ϡϳϵһЩ֣ʥＺگ֮ǰʥ˺ܶ겻øáһУɱˣӦýԭί֪ˡң£ʥһ˵Ĺ
ＺگʣһǿߣҲ׷׶ʥĹߵס
ǿһ֣ʥûѾתˣתĵص㣬
ʥתϢһǿǷ׷׿ϲ
ǵɨȴʼҲʥڣһ߶ûУ
ڵһطǷΨһһйصĶǾǷɵƬ
Ȼ֪ɵƬǺǿԸܵɵƬ̺Ż
˵ⶫǴʥĹֵģһǿŷɵƬɵƬϬޱȣҲնϡ
Ǵ˵еܷɵĲƬ
һҪｻʥת֮壡
ʥ
ǿǶɻˣҲʥټ
ʥѾ뿪ˣ
λǳΪ䣬˵ʥת
ʱϵ࣬գ֮еһҾ޴ǿսȻһˡЩǿս˳Ȼնȫ߸ǵ֪
ЩˣҲ
һ۷ǿߵɨЩ࣬ǶʵҪȫ޷˵ʱյ֮ˡ
۷ǿߵ
ϺʥˣҲ׼ǰѰ䡣֮УʮСǼţλԻͣǿԸһͬǰ
ʥƺƵÿ˵Ķһ㡣
ǣǿԱһǿ𣿡
˭䣿
ʮˣɻǲ֪ЩʲôЩǿ˵طǿģ㹻ǿľ磬Եõ
ԸЩ࣬һ񽢣񽢻ΣЩϵ뿪
ղʮҵĵ࣬ǰ嫵
񽢣򣬽޾ա
Ȼ·٣𣬵һж޷赲ǰǾһȺķɶһ㣬ҲҪѰĹȡ
֮ǰȣǻһǾǰѷɵƬʥת֮
ڤǡ
ڤ۾ΣѾӰˣ飬ǸӦˡ
û뵽Ȼ䣬ˣڤУ˸ŻްĹâЧҵģȻȻҶΪ䣬Ҳģԭǲ̫ҶģڣſһĳЩЭҶҶܴ𣬲ǶǶ壬кôġ
Ŀ⣬ؿգ૵Դûˣ
ħ
һ֮УһΡȻ
ף˶˺ڰħ֮Сϴ׵սףսϣ˻·սףȴֵĻۡ
ҶڳһĻĻƾϳҶֵ𻤱ۣϵսȫ׵ģ
Ϊһսף󲿷ϣ𻤱ۣȴϹ䵽Ҷϣ
УħԿʥʯֵϵı仯
ʲôˣȻʵֵǵ˾ˣǲ㣿Ŀһ˿ɱңľȻѪɫķ
֪ҶΪЩϹġΪϹѪɫǱ߽˲£ӵޱȾ˵ĲƸ
ʵֵǵʵڹھˣоһ˿в
أǼӰɱһȥһϹҶңʲôϢһ㱨֮ǰħӰɱһ
ˣҪ𣿡ؿʵ
ҡҡͷã֮ԲɱΪǻãǾͿˣ
ˮ棬ʱɿţһһꡣ
һһ½ȥ
һҵʱһٶ˽ʣ˾Ÿ
ҵʱ򣬾ֻʣҶ𡢰ꡢСͮһǿˡ
СͮǸǿȺ˽
ҶȻǴ۷壬ֻǾӽϵعšҶо껹ûǻһѹƣܽ
Ȼѹ޷ףҶͰ˵δһ¡
ڴ񾳽Խ̣δĳɾͣҲԽߡ
Ҷ˿а꣬ʱͰϣҲһ˿ĺۼҶоӵƮ죬Ƕ˼ֳġ
ʥֻ˵ĻҶˮ죬һصĽ䣬ʥµһƵƣһɵƬǵ֮С
Ҷȡ˻ۿռ֮УѷɵƬʼںϡ


971 
ɵƬںһγ˰ѷɵ
Ƿɵǰˣʮּ࣬ȴһǿѹâҫޱȡ
Ȼû飬ǹƾɵı壬Ϳ׵жһ

ҶоԼѷɵ֮䣬γ˷ǳĬĸӦһѷɵ˲ܷɳǧ⣬һ˲ܻصСһЩ񡢽ǿߣһСľͻᱻѷɵͷ­
ѷɵĵ֮һ
Ҷ۾ϧʥѾˣʵҶкܶʵģѾˣʥķֻ̫ǿˣûбűˡ
ʱϵعȥȻ֪£һζ
˶ˣֻʣˣСͮǸǿߴﵽ˽۷徳硣
Ҷ磬ûнףСͮҶɻʵʱСͮ˷츲صı仯ʮŮʮˮˡ
ţҶ΢΢һЦСͮ˽۷壬ҶҲΪСͮеˣȻصУСͮͫһ嵱еĵλͲһˡ
ȻûСͮΪͻͽջǲġ
ۺĻֻҪصʥ֮ܽ
Ҷ𡢰һۣЩ˵˴˾Ѿˡ
ˮĴͨ򿪣Ҷ𡢰ꡢСͮǸһǿߴˮӶ
ʱǻׯѾˡ
ǳˣǻĿҶаϣ΢΢̾ϢһԭΪܹ漣ҶͰˮͻƣֻϧǻһѹƣͻơȻҶͰǿȣ˵ѾͻƵ񾳽ˡ
СͮǸһǿܹͻƵ۷壬Ҳһջ
ˮ֮ÿֻܽһΣ֮ϾûʲôЧˡǻҶаʵʲô㣿
ҶͰˮֻд۷徳磬ҪΪǻĵǲʸġ
׼뿪˵̫ΣˡҶֶǻʱлǻǵĹգպׯУһǵģҶҪöԷовС
Ȼ;Ƕǿˮ궼û񾳽磬ƵλҲѾ¾ˣ޷ͻƣǲܶһλκвġ
ǻ룬ͷ˵ǸѡǶȷʵ̫Σˣ
۷壬½Իúܺˣ磬ȴʱгϦΣա
ʵϣҶ뿪磬Ǿ̫ΣգΪϾҪ⵽ǻһˡ
һ죬ЩģΪ۵ģ
ǻԸ磬ˮɽǻӭǵģԸṩӻʲôҪҲʱңǻ΢΢һЦ
лǻ񣡡Ҷֿص
ͰҲǻл
ȻûܳΪǻĵӣҶͰ궼ûоÿϧΪǴһʼ־ڴˡ
Ҷ磬Ҫ𣿡СͮЩʵ
ҶСͮ΢΢һЦǵģ޲ɢϯǻúԵǻټҶ΢ЦŰοһСͮȻСͮ
ǻһ֣ׯһǰɣ
ǣʦ𣡡ׯͷ
ׯҶа곯ȥ
СͮкˮͣسҶӱ
߷ХҶа˲͵ǧ￪⡣
ȰǽǲҪˮɽˣׯһҶͰĶ
ׯʲô˼Ҷüëһص
ʲô˼ҵ˼ʦӻ塢һ壬Ϊ˵걨ôʦô壬ñĶѾˡÿһΣ˸ʦ˸鷳ʲôׯ̬Ȼص
ǻӻһ壬ǸжģԺȻ֪ͼҶ˵
֪ͼׯмشЦ˵ʲô֪ͼǿЦʦں𣿾ʵ޷ͻƣҪǱǾһЩˣȿԼܲ˵ɣׯܲ˵
ҶѾˣԼˮоһŵĿ⣬Ӧþׯˡׯ񲢷ļϸֻǲǻ鷳
ׯ񣬻˵ôˮתδô˭˵أҶؿһׯһмڸׯӡҶׯԲ˵ʲô
ҶĻׯ΢΢һ٣ҶĻȻףֻ֮ԱǣʱҶ̬ȣȴЩɻҶƾʲôôǿţ
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𡢰ҲҶӶȥ
ׯҶ뿪ʱѵıӰ΢΢ЦһҲһֻƻܱȥɡҶȴ񾳽綼޷ﵽǷʲôٸꡢһǧ
Ӱطӡ
ׯᣡü΢ܲϲׯ
Ϊǻ񣬲㻵ˣǲظƽϣҶ΢΢һЦеġ
ԵúƽûʱܵίҪö࣬кܶ౻嵱һɱūۣȻίʲô
һսȼţ岻Զ£
Ҷ磬ʱ򣬺ҲǸʥʯ̣꿴Ҷ
Ҳʥʯ̣Īһʥʯ̣
ҲĿ˰ϣ¶һ˿Ȳ֮ɫĪǰһ֮һ
㻹ʲôҶϽʵ
ҿʨү̨㡢㣬һǿߣ÷ǳ֡գգ۾Ҷ
ʨүҲһ֮һҶһ£ɨһۻڵʨүʨү̨Ҳǣ
Ϣȷʵ𾪡
˵̨籺飬ʱķӦǣҶȻôţû뵽̨籺鶼һ䣬˵һܹ߸䣬ҶţټһʨүҶ߾ĸˣ
⻹һһ䣬֮ǰεģͷɫ˾죬ЩصôҲףͷɫȻҲһ䡣
ͷɫѵǣҶһ£Ҷ벻ģȻҲһ֮һ


972 طÿ
һ䣬֮ԻԪǵ϶һЩԭġ
޴ߣһǿ߽䣬ѡԪΪؾ֮ءĳλѡԪת
һˣѾǰһˣһ壬ҲβƵˡ
һʵֵǶ٣Ҷʵ
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Ҷ˵ͷһʵֵҪһЩȻû֮ǰ廹ҪǿһЩһ嵱Ӧûвǿߴڵģ֪Щһǿڶη
һҲ֪ʲô壬Ȼδ
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ţ
Ӱɿȥ
Ҷصأ˾󲿷ǿߣֻ¼أȻһȥѰǰĴͨˡ

Ҷ֮УҶضڷתţ֪ϾҪ⵽ҶصشѪɫǱ߹˴񽢡ħǿߡ
ԪڵͬͰһ㡣
Ҷ֮С
ߡ̨籡顢ҶսҶߵľ߲㣬ռŸѶϢ
ҶɵҶҵ߾߲㱨
һǵģٶǻ꣬ģȻǻ࣬Щǻǧɸǿɵľţģ֮ࡣ
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Ҫ֪⻹ֻǻһǰŶѣ൱ڳǻûе
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־ս˵ʵǴﵽһ˵ʵǺתսֵġ
жϵĸ֣ҶսüʵȻΪУָûʲôġ
ǻһ幥ǽ˺֣ܶͬʱһǱʾԸǵĵǲԭеľţܴﵽʮ򡣡
ޱߣ岻ĸҲǲ١
ʮ򣬸ٶ໹̫ˡ
Ǳأ
Ǳ߲ټһٶҲʾԸЭˣ
ǱѡΪ˶Ѿ֪ϢЩǻҪ¾壬ԲŹһⳡսһǻ굥淢ģͨǻûвս
ǻĹ壬ͨǻһЩƽͨǻǲԸ⿪սģΪ嶼ˣ˭ػǣǻҪħĹ
һͨǻЭģΪǻ֮ͻ뿪ʧȴǣ
ܶͨǻ֮䣬໥֣һ֮꣬Ѿ壬Щǻ⣿ײֻǳԣͨǻ굱жܹΪǻꣿ
ǻʥҲʾЭˣȻûսȴܴ֮ѡһЩţΪ
򶼴˱ս״̬һճ־õսĻ
һٶǲԶǱ߹ĻֻǰŶѣŵܿܽٲ
˵Ŀȫ˾ߣǻŵǾֻоľ֣תսˡ
ǲؿˡ̾ϢһǸǰŽսʱǾԲֵܳģһҳ֣ܻܿǻǱߵ֣ǻһʱ䡣
ѾһЩ飬Ҷǡ
һλ֣ǻͷǿԵģǽأǻеǿ߷Ȼһλò˶þͻɱ裬ʱٲˡ
ֻ֮ͨĽ棬ôϸꡢʮϰ궼ǿܵģսûô׽
ߵĻ̨米Ƭ̵ȻˣǵĿ겻ǻţǸʱ䣬ԻǵΪҪĿģ
ĸԲǵ񽢣Ǳ֮д粽ˣͬʱҲͺвˣߵͷҪʱ䣬Ϊʥȡʱ䣡
ʥѾתھٶǷǳģȡһЩʱ䣬Ƿ̵ĻԽȻ̵ϣǳãҲܷ
ɩӣԸɣӦôҶɵǫ̈̄ʵ
ǲܵжҪҶɣһЩʻǵľħ񽢡ħ񽢳ȥһ͵Ϯǣǵ񽢣סǧҪǲǵ񽢾Ϳˡ񽢷棬ǻкܴƵģ̨籹ϵصͨѪɫĽףħ񽢣лʮҾħ񽢡
ѪɫǱߵõϢ֪ǻ׼ѪɫǱ߾ȻʾԸ֧Ԯ壬Ҷħ񽢻һЩħ񽢡
ҶҵȻѪɫǱߵͼڲԽңΪԹߵѪɫȻּɣҶһЩ񽢲ʲôǱҲһЩ²ǻ꣬ǣԸ߼۹򣬲ҪĽС
ѪɫҲǱ֪ǹǻ²ҪҶ߱ܡ
֪ѪɫǱҪǻʲôȻѪɫǱҪǻ²ÿսսֶΪ
ǲħ񽢡ħǻţҶһһЩ񽢳ȥģԴѰǳ֮ʯȵȣһſǳ֮ʯɵСǱϻԪǣ֮⻹иϡ
δҶٵĽһ׿ĳ־սԸʵǳӴڱ׼ˡ
Ҷ˶ԱҶͳĸǿҲ˾ְһ̨ӴĻЧתš
Ҿħ񽢻һħһͬҶɵˣʻǿǵĿ֮סǻȷšҾ޴ľħǰ濪·һħ񽢺ƺƵͬʱմ
ʱܿϣһ񽢻ֳʧȥ˶ȫƾŹԻš
ܿǸǰѾȫһˣͨתվÿ춼һ񽢡¥쳣
ܿǵ˿ڣĿǰҲѾﵽ˾˵İʮڣַǷ
񽢴״ֳ̬ʱܿǶˡ
ʲô飿
Ǵģ
ܿϵĸǿȫ۽ϡǷ֣񽢸κ񽢶һΧһĽƣǵ޷͸֮С
񽢾ôƯܿǵϿգΧܿǷУﶼɻ浽Щʲô


973 ǻһ
˵Ŀ⣬۽صϡ
֪񽢵˭ⲿǳʵܹĽ磬˾Բ򵥣
û˸ȥˡ
񽢻ܿǷһȦһȦ
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Ǹܿǻܿǻֻӣ
ǽ񽢸ʲô
Ȼ弴ǻſս岢ûйЩͨǻ꣬ͨǻ껹Ǹԭһ𾴣ΪսĲЩͨǻ꣬еȻҲܿǻ꣡
֮Уһ޴ı飬֮УһϷŮӣվţһ˵ź͸߹
ôڱ֮Ув֪˶á
ܿǻȻһƥӣ̧ͷǱŮӣйâתƺ뵽˺ܶܶࡣ
ˣʮǰұûɢʱñˣܿǻб˵ĹʣಡһһǸϷŮȥںϵϷŮӵ档
С񽢵ĵϲͣرţһȸԾӡ
ϷŮǲ԰׵ķɫȾһĨκ죬ɫͷƺҲظ˶ĿĹʱƣ彥״̬
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С⨻ޱȣಡһһ磬ϷŮӵļϡһɫĹâûС⨵ڣСϽɣһְƺƵɢ
羪κһ㣬˲ϯܿǡ
ô£
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ǿǰԵޱС΢ǿ֮еһ΢ܿϴеЩ񽢱öᡣ
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С⨣㻹ǲ̫ϷŮЦҡҡͷС⨵Դϣֻ˲䣬ǹɿֲΣûС⨵档
裬ڻָˣС⨵Դ˲ϷŮӵգԵޱȡ
ϷŮҡҡͷһûȫָлֻ꣬ջʣѾˣ
ҶڳܸоϷŮӵʵȾ߻Ҫǿö࣬⻹ֻջл£ϷŮ۷ʱڵսжǿ
ʱңԶġ
򹲷ΪʮݣʮǴ˵е֮أ˵еЩ񣬱㶼ס֮档
֮صΧһֺĹÿһ棬סһλ߼ǿߡ
ܹ߸߼壬ǻһΪǿʢ
ǻһĹ֮УǸ߸ߵ֮ϣһ۵ǻ꣬ΰ͸һǿϢ
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Щüͷţǿĳʹ࣬ʱǸӦʲô⡣
Ϊʶпʥʯ̣ǰӹһϤӰ
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ಣӰͻȻ˹֮Уǻֱ꣬ǰ׷ͺ췢Ůӵǹع
ʥˣʲôԸ׷Ůӵͷʵ
ҿŮ˻ţôȥˣֳˣҪҵȻɱʥһ⣬ɭޱȡ
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ҶҾ߲㣬Ƕ顣
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ƽص⣬Ǵܴ鷳뿪õѡ񡣡
ҶǶɻˣΪʲôܿǻǴ鷳ܿǻ굽ȥĪ飬ǣһЩĹ
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ǻһľŲͣسнǴǺ֮ããգ;⵽˴ʹħĹ·ϵĲǸոմʹħۼۿѾңң׼һµʱҶɴ񽢾űˣҾħ񽢴ͷҲħ񽢡
Ҷ츳ôߣС飬һЩŵģҶҵľȨµ˶ҶҲǾԷӡ
ǧǻһȷţǳ񽢶Ǻܺã󲿷ֶ̤񽢣ħҲֻмҶѣҶҾħ񽢣ħ񽢣Ƕʱ۾ˡ
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ħǵ񽢣Ǳǧľ룬ҪǲҵͳҶɵͨϵǳˮݵÿһϡ
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Ҷɵľսˣƾħ񽢵Ļԣϵغǻһ񽢣һ֮ͳǻŽĻᡣǻߣһȼŻ⣬ãã֮Ѹٽ塣
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ǻһȷŵļǻųֱƵҪһ·ϯУǸûκεֿȻżмǿðͷҲܿ챻ԾԵΧɱˡ¾ǧڼƵ࣬մѪȣȷŵҲԭһǧŵǧ򣬺ܶ඼ǿ߼ġ
·ɱӣǸûͿԣƾţ;ֱңɼǶôƣֱ֮ӲӣұлҪѶԸöࡣ
ߵſһĶУħһֺȻѸٵس룬Ĺħװʱ䣬ȻڶֺǷغ֮£ǻһȷߵ񽢣ϵػ˻ҽ


974 ع
ǻһŵĸǿߣܶħĺ֮£ȼճ˻ҽĺ֮
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ħ񽢣ϣҶɳŭҾħͻȻ٣޴Ǵһ㣬ײǻһľš
ǻһſҾ޴ľħ񽢳Լײ˹һ״سӴܡ
ħ񽢵ٶԽԽ졣
Ҿħ񽢣ÿһҶһôôײȥ֪
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ߣ
ǻһЩǿ߷׷źţಳȥԼܹܵѾˣܲЩˡ
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һײ˾ħ񽢵ı棬׷ױըȵˡ
ħ񽢵ǼӲޱȣһЩ嶼ֱײ飬Щͨ񽢵ײȻ޷ħ񽢵κεˡ
һĻҶ¶һ˿΢Ц
Щں֮ڣҲ빥ٶɱ󣡡ҶһЦɩӸµǻһȷŵ񽢣ɱǻһȷţǲܻţĻضɱһʣ
ǻһȷʧʮ񽢣Ȼ󲿷ֶ̤񽢣սҲǷǳ˶ˡ
ˣǲˣҶ΢΢һЦǳˮ´ָ׼ž뿪
ʱ˴ԶһƬ֮С
ǻǿվ֮Уһ񼶵ģ඼Ǵ񼶵ģǵĽ£һֻӴͬһޡ
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ûвףЩûкԮĲӣƽ˵ȷʧأȻ⣬ȫϡ
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΢΢һûУܹǲĲӣѾǵļˣȻˣǾ͸ӭͷʹɡףܷǲɭЦղҶɵľŹȷŵʱһֱûг֣뿴һҶɵʵ͵ϸЩʧ˵ʲôЩȷŶһЩں֮ڣٶÿϧǻһȷſɲֹôһ㣬Ӷȥˣ
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䣡䣡䣡
޵Ĺûͣ£ھħ񽢵Ľһֲȱڡ
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Ҿ޽ӲͬĽǶͬʱײޣ֮ĸȻײһ𣬱Ҿħ񽢼лײܵǿҵײһ˿Ѫ
üëһû뵽Է쵼߻ͦģ޹ȻܣϬطָһԾҾħ񽢵İΧ˳ȥ
Ҷɲ鿴һҾħ񽢵״һҾħ˽ΪأȻײе㰼ݽȥϻ
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޵ľצͣ䣬һħ񽢱ɵ޷׷Щħ񽢣Ҿħ񽢲ܲˡ
ȸһ棬Ȼٳ׵ʰǣ迴һԶҾħ񽢣¶һ˿ЦݣżҾħ񽢣Ȼմͻ׷ȥڸнĹиɵħ񽢣մҾħ񽢾ֻԭص
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ħ񽢣ײȥڻǳˣҶɳһܹԿ޵ģֻҾħ񽢣ܱض緵һս
ų淢ǻһľţ߻࣡
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˶ˣԶԶص͹ǻһŵʵǻһȷţ֮࣬Ǵﵽ֮ޣҪ֪ĽޱߣƿƵ򣬲ͳٸ壬ڵľţ˵ҲСĿ
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ȥǾͻᱻûޱߵ˳֮УߣҲᱻ·Ϯ
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һħȫתͷ׼մ󣬳ǻһľš
޶˵΢Щȣ׼һСŸģû뵽Щ廹ͦйȻ׼ײǻһţͬھ
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ҶҾħ񽢣ЦһҶɣأҪѰҶ绹ҪȢأ
Ҷһ٣ۿ֮ˮ£Ҷ磡Ҷˣ
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ֻƽ޳ǻһľ֮Уǻһľ˺һ޴Ŀӡ
Ҷնһֻ񾳽Ļƽ޶סµޣֻԭޣҶĻƽǰʱͳһûС㣬߸һģ


975 սս
Ҷ⼸ֻƽѾ񼶱ˣǻһУһ·ɱҡ
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ǻһľʵ̫ӴˣϱһӴܣҪǻһƥʵ̫ˡ
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ںʥķֻ֮ҶоԼڵһ˿䣬ǿȱǰǿһְԵ֮
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ĵ·ǲʺģǾΨԱ죬ͬʱҲֶΣԿǻһˣ
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ڵҶ֪ͣȴòܶʱɼ
սսͱضˡ
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ʥ֮ɱ壬ΪҪǿǵľǣԼʵøǿ󡣵ʥʧˣͬʱҲΪɱ˺ܶĻΣ֮ǰϣת֮ظ·㽫쳽һƪ޸ġ
ھƪ쳽֮ȡľǣȡľǣ
ȡ徫ǷǳΣյģʥΪҶ׼ʥʥ壬ȡľǣƾǿʥ壬Ȼܹ
Ҷʥġ
Ȼѡ񣬼ȻעҪմѪȣӦ췣ǾһϣҶԸһУ壡Ҷǵȡ辫ǵ壬˵֮С
80̺ھ֮Уǽ˵磬ζ80Ҷ磡
Ҷһֳ֮һ塣
Ҷ͵سֻ޺ȥ

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ޱŭζ걬Ѷʮǿң˲ϵ֮ѡҶؽ꣬ա
Ƭ֮ٴ۾ҶϣѾȫҶˡ
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磬һƬս֮УڼƵǻһţͣΧҶľţһɻĳ档
Ҷϵش߶塣
ٸ۷ǿߣһںϣһ۷ǿߵľǱҶ˵֮С
Ҷ֣ǲ۷ǿߵľǽҶĵ֮󣬲ûȥǸ干棬壬ΪҶʵһ֣ͬҲԼʶ
ˣʥ֮ǰ޸ľ쳽ҲףҲˣ޸֮ĵھƪ쳽ҪɱЩǿߣҪǹ棡ҶȻһҶûˡ
һȺȺ񼶵ĸǿ߱ҶǺӴ²˹ȻҪôΪҶ£Ҫôĵ硣
սҹҶľŷǵûм٣ԽսԽ࣬򣬴ʮ򣬴ʮ˶ʮ򡭡
Щǿ߽һԲ󣬷ǻһŵĽ
ԲģҶʨүš
ȥʱǻһľκβǵģǻһŹǾ鷳ˡ
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Ҷһʥ֮˳
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ǽʥ֮ҲһЩΣգǾǳһ飬ҶȷǷĳһǽʥ֮֮鵷ǾΣˡ
ǵһһȥҶһԱߵʨүаȽȥ
ɣԱߵʨүһЦҶСʥ֮עţһﵷɵһ
ʱʥ֮תӰ˳ЦŵôȷʵԸǺһָǰҵɢеĳѪأôẦǣ
ǰˣȻųǰĺ֮ĲУ֮ĲޣսغδǲòءҶ͵
˵ͷ⣡ʥ֮ڴ򿪡
ʨүಡһʥ֮档
ʥ֮һʥܹٿʥ֮򣬾۷弶ǿҲ뽫乥ƣΪʥ֮һʥ֮󣬱֮Ҳѷɫֻϧ۷ʱ޷ӳٷ֮һЩȻ˵ˣҲʥ֮ɨλͬǿߡ
ŰСʱʨүʥ֮˳ʱʨүѾﵽ񾳽硣
ݣ˵ôһֱײأǻһĹһʥ֮Ӿͽˣʨүֵصǵʥ壬ԭͿԽ׵ģǿɶǻһ壬ѹǵ
ʨү׳ҶһԲ飬ʥ֮ȷʵ԰Ǳܵǻһѹơ
ȽɣǳٽȥҶͰͰҲѾﵽ۷徳磬ͲһˣΪǻһѹƲ޷ףʥ֮ӦҲܺܿ񾳽硣


976 񾳽磡
ʥ֮Ƭ֮Ҳ񣬶Ҷﵽ۷徳磬ҲֻһˡʱҪ׽ӡ
۷徳̫̫ͣãԭ츳ټѾǧ꣬ǴĴԴ֮׾ٵģ˵ѾﵽߵľˣΪٵѹƣһֱ޷ͻƣһͻƣΪʱͻͽǰҲһӱ˳
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Ҷ˵ļλ𣬶Ѿ۷ͣ˺ܾãȻصܷǽף̧ͷҶЩص
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񾳽֮Ҷʱյ֮㷢һЩı仯
Ҷһ߸ʱյ֮ı仯һ۲ʥ֮
ʥ֮һƬգҶоƬղ󣬵ʱȴ־ԼʮС
Զȥֻһʯ֮УһһطһƬ޻磬ʲôûС
ʲôҶɵЩ档
Ӱ˾ҶԶ̾һҳ޵ȱ˵ʼʱ̬ʼʱôһʯ
ԭʼ̬һαըŵ˺棿Ҷһʵ
ô֪ǾһըŵģпǶôʢ磬ֱȻ˾η֮ģûбըʱ򣬻ûκȻը֮ĳһƬ嫵ΧǳǺӣ䵮壬һЩӵǿӵ˴
Ҷ޾֮У˺ܶ࣬һ˿汾Դ֮Ҷ߻˹ҶڣҶоԼڵʱյ֮ڷ΢ɱ䣬ɫʱյ֮ںһʲϵ޳ޱȾ
ʥ֮浮֮γɵʥʥ֮滹һ˿汾ԴϢ
汾ԴϢ֮ѾѲ׽ˣ˵һЩǿһ汾ԴϢ˲ʵ
ʱյ֮汾ԴϢЩҲ汾Դɵ塣
Ҷһ汾ԴϢһ˿汾ԴϢע뵽˵֮С
汾ԴϢ뵤֮е˲䣬ҶڵľǷ˾˵ı仯·ͻȻһ㡣Щϵ壬ϵɱţγĳţҲӵ˼롣
һľϵϣȻһЩɫ״ֲ
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ǵı仯Ҷ𾪲ѣĪǵ֮еľǣݱһ磿
֮⣬֮лһЩ飬ʯħ顢ĺ֮飬Ǹ干ţƺѧȻǵΪǳСֻ񺣵硣
һжҶޱȣԭ쳽
Ҷ󱳵ǽӱȫǼ羫ɣҫŶĿĹѪӿ̺Ų˼ȻҲγ˴˵еľǣ
ҶǸɫСһϼ룬ѸٵСձֻĴָһСȻͨþӨ͸һ鴿꣬ǲ͸ļҶΪͻ񾳽磬Ȼ飬ųҫ۵Ĺâ
ȻҶʱľǻǳСڲͣ׳ţͬʱһڶһ㣬ͣؼȡŴľǡ
ҶеԼԭʵ
ܿأҶΪﵽ۷壬Ҳγ˾Ҳ˸Ϊǿ˲˼ɱ䣬Ͷ֮䣬ӿźƵ
һԵĳһֱҶҶʨүаһ׵۷徳磬ֻһҶϵĺƵȴʨүаǿöࡣ
ЩţһȻܹ˳̶ȣ
μһЩǿᣬЩǿǣ񾳽ʱҲûҶǿ󡣲֪Ҷͻٵѹ֮Ϊܹﵽʲô̶ȣ᲻ʥһ
ʥһ㼫𣬳ɾͷǷΪĴ˵ȻˣȻΪҫ۶Ŀţ˵һͳ񾳽硣
γɶģĿǰΪֹûһܹΪġ
Ҷܹǳһ
뵽һ屻磬г˳ޣȻǧʤ̭屻Щ嶼ˣûһȺܹط򣬵ǲġ
ܹػ򣬳һ³ΪĸӹҲϧ
һΪ֮Ҷʥֻ֮ҪͻٵѹƣҶδһƬ̹;
Ҷ磬ˣ˵ӭҶʥ֮֮ǷǳĵģĳǱġ
ҶСӣ۷壬һΪ񾳽ءʨүЩϧصҶˮôãһֱҶĵ磬Ҷʥֻ꣬ʥֻ֮ȻûҶ׽
ҶЦҡҡͷ֮Ѿɱ壬Ȼû񾳽磬Ӧÿˡ
һĵʥ֮Ҷǰȷʵ׼ʣǳһˣڶ
һķҲ֪һ廹жٴЩɬصҲ֪˵һһ屻ǾζźвˣΪ½ٶȸٶȫ޷Ტ۵ģһʵԽԽԽһӦûҪԳһϾɱ
򣿡Ҷ룬һص򣬾ͻ¹ȥѰҵģҶӵ˾ħֳ񽢣лƽޣ֮Ҳ㲻ʲô
лˣ鹰ְл
ҶЦҶ˵Ϊ˶Կǻһ塢һЩǿ壬ҪŽһпŽһȻû䣬ϾҲ֮һ
ʥ֮Ҷ֮תţԴʥ֮ڲһ˿汾Դ֮ҶоԼʥ֮䣬ôһ˿΢ϵ
Դӳ󣬳Ѿʧȥ˶ʥ֮ƿأҲ˵ʥ֮Ѿ֮
һ˿΢ĸӦһõףܹʥ֮ʥܱҶˣ
Ųͣתʥ֮ҶţҪôʥ֮أ


977 ħ
ʥ֮浮֮γɵʥǷǳ˵ģͬʱҲԡ
ǵΪֹҶһֱûиܵڡ
ܿʥ֮Ҳڹ۲ҶֻеͬҶʥ֮п
ӵʥ֮еĺܶǿ߶ͻٵѹˡ
ǳһģҪǽһ壬ģҪǻһ壬ǽһҲв룬һǲģŹͬĵˡ鿴˿Ҷ˵⣬ٸ˵һܡ
ʲôܣҶʵ
ٵһܣǻһƿصǼʥǻһļλ۷ǿ߾Ȼܴ߶٣ѹȫ壬Ƿͬ죬ʥ֮һϾֻһʥ޵ģʥ̺汾Դ֮޷ᲢۣҲΪʲôʥһֱûȥȡԭˡ
ԭǵ鼰棬Ҫʥ׾ٵģǲûнʥΪУԭʥǶԣҲˡ
Ȼʥûʲôãͨ飬ǣȴǾˡ
Īǳǰ֪ʲô취٣
ٴǻһʥʹãǳˣܹһλܹʥƥеǿߣȽƵĿؿһҶоҶ֮ѸٵسҶϻۡ
ôƵ٣ȻҶΪǧܹ֮ʵԿʥ֪Ƶ٣ܹûлġ
ٵӵޱȰԵһǰ˵ʥڸǻһʥԿʱҲˡʥѹˣؼģ
ǰԣ
淶ΧѹˣҲ˾޴ĸɡǽ׵񾳽磬ٲѹˣȻѹǿߡӵһ۷ǿߣ缸ڣЩ۷ǿͬʱٵѹ£񾳽磬ٽұضᱻϣʥֶһ𻵣ʥҪ޸Ҳϼѣ֣
ĽͣҶȻͷˣ
Ҷ˺ܶܶ࣬ǰ֮ʥÿ궼ҪһЩţɱΪ˽Щ۷ǿȫɵ
ǰǻܹƵڵģʹػŪ壬ΪǵūֻͣÿһʱɵЩ츳׿ԽžͿˣ֪ʲôԭǻһͻȻ¶ģҪ峹塣
ĳЩ津ǻһ棬ǻһܵв
ҳһ壬ϾҲ֮һұֻҪҳһһϯ֮رɣ˵Ҳָһʲô̶ȣǵĹ޵ĺ޷ϣһԶˣ
ҴӦǰһ죬Ҳػгһһϯ֮أҶ˵һں֮УкܶǿƣʱȴսˣȻ뿪ֻҪŵЩػôЩ嶼ǿŽĶ
Ҷʥ֮ԶȥսѾԽԽˡ
ǻһȷȻ֮ޣ񼶱ǿߣмѣҶȴаǧ񣬷ûʲôģֻƽ޲ϵسǻһţѪȾա
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ҶɵҲ߶ħ񽢣ϵطǻš
Ҷ磬µһħ񽢷֣Ķ治֪ʲô飬һƬӰ˹ҶЩǵظҶ
Ҷ곯Ǳȥֻڰ޾֮УһƬ޴˹ǻŽӴ˫˲䷢˼ҵĽ
һĻҶȻΪһƬƣȻǳȺӣڼƵħ
˫Ӵ֮󣬶ʱ˼ҵĻս
ħţм񼶱ħͳ죡ҶǵøϽߣ
Ҷû뵽ħžȻְ壿ֻ˵ʲôְǿ磬ħҲһǿ壬壬߼ǿߣ͸λһ
ħ߽ǳǻһ˴ģľŵħǱû޷Ӧ
Ҷһǿǿܹһ˿ϢĻᣡ
ȥѱǱЩޣ룡Ҷ´ָ
Ҷָ£Ҷɵ񽢾ȳȻҶľŸϺ˺
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׳۵ľսֱ̾Ϊֹ
ħǻһǿǵħһǻµĸǿߣЩǿ߳ΪǵĿܡ
˫սߣǧǾ޴Ľÿʱÿ̶ʮǿ
ôӴľǰҶҲֻܷһС˻ѡ
ҲµľȫսҶ΢΢һЦָµĻƽһ·ɱץסһֻֻޣҶӣЩ޵ϣЩ޵ڡ
˾ֻƽޣҶֿʮֻޡ
׬ˣ
һ޾Ųϵǻ֮гɱš
ǿ߳ҶҪҶɱҶһһꪻӳ
أ
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۷ʱҶ͸ҸԿˣ֮֮ͬҶ޵УҶֳꪰȻͨǿߣ޷֮Ҷû׷ӵһֻ޵Դϣһֻ޵ڡ
ֻΪԸ˳ӣ˺ѶҶ׼޾ǵʱԶһӰӶ
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û뵽Ȼħţ


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Ҷзӣಡһֻֻƽջ˵硣
ܣЦһһܵҲͰ׵ˣ
һһƬգҶ˽ȥ
ҶʱоԼһƬյİΧ֮У޷ѣоǧ˷Ҷһವһʥ֮档
أ
һɹǿʥ֮ı棬ʥ֮ͣתţâҫ۶ĿȴǺˡ
ô£һüͷԲ֪ʲôȻֵסĹ
ȻҲǻĹ壬ʥ߳ƵʱֻҶһСආ屻˱ӳ磬֮ԪˣԪ磬Ϊ˾ĵӡٺ뿪Ԫǳȥðգһձ߽ĵطԵĵشٵѹھ˾һԵɺ֮£ͻﵽ񾳽硣
Ժһһһ񾳽硣ЩǣʼղԸˣתƵϡܲģΪʲôֻҶһݣʥȴͳѪͳΪʲôչô죬ȴֻܳΪʥģ
ѵһݣͲ
ҪҶϣȡˣ
Ȼﵽ񾳽磬߶ƺһЩ飬֪ò࣬Ҳ֪ʥΪϾ֪ѶϢˣж࣬˿ϰѶϢ
ԣһǳصĵطһ˿˿ʱļ䡣
ҶϻĴбΪʲôƾʲôʥתѪͳһݣеĺö㣡ҵҪⶫܱӻ㵽ʱɫϵسʥ֮ȥ
䣡
ʥ֮ı治ͣؼţȴʼ޷ƿʥ֮
ʥ֮ķһܹƿġ
ĻҶ˸ۣʥ֮ɲĴбʥʥ֮ĻѴʥΪһǿˣ
Ҷʥ֮棬Ȼ޷ʥ֮򣬵ȥʥ֮Ҳ
Һ𡢰ꡢҶɵȶѾˣֻƽ޶ѾˣʣһЩļ棬Щܴ߾ʹߣܴҲˡ
һʲôģ鿴ʥ֮ĵҶʵ
ҶЩƵصġ
ʵ΢òһǿߣȴǸŸɵģҶܲ
廹һЩ֣ҲǣϾ壬ҴһЩҲȻ䣬岢ȫġ΢΢һЦ
Ҷʼ磬岢ֻһ䣬ЩĻϲļһʱȡ֮
ǰһϣû뵽ڻûܵѵҳһ壬Զֻһ䣬гһ嶼Ž⣬ֻϧǰˣ鿮Ȼ̾
һṹҪ򵥺ܶࡣ
ҶЦЦǰ˵һ°ɣͬƶļͥһͥһӣǺӷǳֻͥƴȫȷʵǳˣȻСһͥʮӣΪû㹻ʳŸˣʣһǿ׳ĻǸӳ֮һǿߡ
˵ںķȷģЩصҶ˼άЩѽ⡣
Ҳ˵ǶǴǾ򣬲ڲҲľֻǿĲҶĿ䣬ǺģȻҶҲ־͸
Ҷеʱ룬趨淨ǷҲͬ⡣ʳǿĺӲܻʳǻһ塢һһ߼ռõԴ
ȻŸʳĺҲǲĵģǲĶڵһı塣
ƾһӵ޷ʳǾΨ
淨һЩҶ磬ֻ֮УһȺȺ˴֮俪ʼսɱǲϵⲿһֻǿǸ壬ܴ
ÿһ̶嵮ÿһ̶ȥһЩڲϵøǿ
ͻȻòпȴҲ˲ǵϵ׳š
磬쳽صĹˣԿʼˡ
ؿһҶȻһ̾Ȼͬڶò˵ҶĻһЩġ
Էһ񣬾Բô׵ط뿪׼ô죿鿴Ҷ
ȣҶʥ֮Ŀǰǰȫģһֱʥ֮棬Ļܹҵܣ
Ҷʥ֮ģ˿ĵ磬ϵؽţһǿ壬һɹȵڵ漤
Դһ汾ԴϢ֮Ҷ֣綼Ǳһ㣬ϵγһ汾Դ֮
ȻԼγ汾Դ֮Ҷеޱ𺳡
쳽Բֻô򵥣ӦûһЩΪҪѶϢʥûиԼ
һλôǿĴڣܴһƪڵ֮һƬ棿Ƕû
Ҷг˺棬ʥʲôܣ
ŵ٣չҶоԼڳŰ嫵䡱һһƬһ㣬γ˵⣬ΧҶ
ǡ䡱һ
ҶΪٶͻƣɹ׵˽񾳽磡
ʱת·գ֮ǧꡣ
Ҷоһʱ䷨򲻶ϵγɣΧҶߣǷħӡ컯ǳӡҲʼ˽ںϽʱ䷨
·Ǹĳλ֮䣬һصϵ
׻׻̻֮Χڶߡ
Ҷ֪ǿһλƹʱ񣬵˽񾳽֮һλ񡣴ﵽ磬ҲζϵӳȻǧ꣬Ҳȥ
Ȼʱ䷨ĽҲǻģ½磬᲻ϵɢǻսᣬܹͻƣ겻ɢǿ߶㲻ϡ
ľ㷨㵽Ҷ̣ܶľôҲ㲻Ҷ̵֮ʱ棬˽񾳽硣
磬ҶѾȫľܹóˡ
ʱ䷨򣬹ȻһĶҶ΢΢һЦĵʱ䷨ͣرţһû״ţҶʱ䷨֮Уں˵֮е汾Դ֮Աͨʱ䷨ǿ


979 עһ
ʥ֮ͣתţһɹΧת
ʥ֮֮󣬶ʥ֮۲˺ܾá
κ޷ʥ֮ƿһ˿ѷ졣
룬Ҫƿʥ֮
䣡
ʥ֮ϣʥ֮ͻȻ͡һȼһ档
ʱʹ˻ɻ˳ͣӡ
󾪣ƴҪ棬ɻ޷𣬲ϵ˳ӡ
ȼգȷǻҪʹ࣬ʱ޷άסƬ磬ʱֱ
ʥֱΪ
Ϊ浮֮γɵʥʥͨ˵󣬾񼶱ǿߣҲδȫʥ֮İҲֻܷʥ֮һѣҲǳ˲ˡ
ѸٵȼĲҽţʧյľͷ
Ҷʥ֮վͷһۣʥ֮Ĳͣתš
û뵽ʥ֮ǿ󣬾Ȼȼ֪ôˣȼӦòܡ
֪᲻øϽ뿪С
ҶЩոѱҲȫս˵֮УȻȥ
ͷһۣ绹ս֮У뿪ûӰս֣ǻźħȻػɱţǿ߲ϵ𣬳ֺ׳
ҿħų֣ǻŽ򣬱ؽ¾壬ʱ򽫻Ϳ̿
ǻȷܴ죬ſ϶ģʱػһս
ҶǿҵĽȸУϽʵĻδǣ
µľŻص򣬾һսҶջ൱ɹ۵ģշʮֻͨޣһǿߣҶľŵࡣ
缫һСϣһͷϹţоҶһ뿪صһ
Ϊ˱ⱻǻһǵĴڣϹһֱǿûг֣Ҷ¾ʧصʱҶյʱˣסˡ
ҿ·ɱҧħͻȻֽסǻţĻȻҪˣһǻŽ򣬺ǳء
ħٿԸȡһЩʱ䣡
Ϊ˱ҶɳΣգ̨붯Ϲӣսʵ޷תֻϹӳˡ
ȻǻűħŽסˣǻž֮⣬߻ܷɾ衣
Ԫǡ
ҶĻعԪǷˡ
ҶңԪˣľ֧Ҷ
ڻðɣҶ̨籡͋Y¶˻ĵ΢Ц
ţ̨ؿҶҶַ֮һЩ仯ǰ˼ֳȺͳ졣
ҲУ˵һҪ꣬ҶɵˣҲ˵ҪܿŮ
ҶYһۣYȻ񾲶ˣҶ˵ҶұʼվôһֱغߣҶг˸ж
ףСſС֣Ҷ˹۵ӣֱ˼˰
ҶС챧СǿɰգҶȵط֣СΪȻѾﵽ۷徳磬ǻһѹƣ˵СѾﵽ񾳽硣Сʥ֮ĻӦòڻ¡
С츳ʵ̫ˣҶҲ޷Ტۣ
СƤʵĹΧȻʱмƵӡתǵӡƺǷħӡҪǿ󼸷֣ҶĿͶԱߵľߣ֪߽Сʲôӡ
ʥˣҲûнκεӡʱԴӡǰͻȻʩչˣūҲܾȣߵ
ûнСӡСĵӡǳ֮Դģ
ǰ֪һʲôӡ
ҷС֮󣬲汾Դ֮Զۣӡ̺ŨıԴ֮ҰԴӡߵ
Ҳ֪Сϵĵӡʲôһֵӡ
汾Դ֮
Ҷһ˿̽Сڣ㷢Сȷʵ汾Դ֮С汾Դ֮ȫڵ֮Уһһ㣬ûһ˿йҶ֮ǰܲ
ףȥϺòãС˵ϿɺˣС챧ҶĲӣСΪʵͿˣ̨籡˶С컹̫СΣգһֱûȥա
ҶСѾԽմˣҾ˵մٶȱȾħ񽢺޶Ҫ졣
С죬㳤ԺٴȥòãҶСԴΪᶨΪС졢̨籡ꡢ顢YΪҶˣΪ壬øǿû·
幫ףټ壬ǴԪǶҪں壡ҶҶڵǰǿ˼ʮֹں֮ǵΪԿһΡ
ʥ֮Щ˴ﵽ۷֮Ҳл׵񾳽硣
ãȥټ壡
ҶսҶͷȻ֪ҶҪʲôҶ
ǻһľŻ棬Ҷѡֻþа취ʵ
̨ûķֲͼҶ̨ʵ
С̨籵˵ͷǬȡһŵͼݸҶ峺Ҷʲô
ҶɫȻصǱѡˣҶһ۵ͼͼϸķֲȫ˳һЩǻһ壬һ壬һЩǱ壬һЩ壬ǻһǸжԵ壬ǹĿ꣬壬ȥǣϾϣϾˡ
Ҷ׼ȳԵЩȽϺÿеģƻǼȡǣǿԼʵȻԸǻһľš
Ҷļƻ˶ǳ𾪣Ҷ׼ͳһ
ǻһľž֮⣬ü𣿻᲻̫ࣿ
ǻһľűħסˣҹһսҪһϡһʱѾˣǻžܹսʤħţǵҲʣ޼ʱѾ㹻ԳԵˣҶɫѾ˼ƻԵһǻȷţǵʵǿǻһŹҪʮִܵ㹻ʱ䷢չ
ҶļƻףǹעһѾûиõİ취ˡҪ֪ҪԿ
ԸʥǲʥԸūô߹ؿҶ
ҶˣԼϻоôһǿߣΪʵĲ࣬ҶûԼȻ˹Լʥת߲Լ˭ģ


980 ǰ
Ҷû㹻ʱÿں壬Ҷ˶˵֮УԼںϡ
֮Ҷеǰǿʮֹ
ҶսϵǿȫҶĵ֮У֮ޣЩǿҶЩϣǿʼ
ʱҶĵ֮У˺ĵľ֮⣬طѾʼһЩ塣
ǿ߲ϵţҶеʱյ֮汾Դ֮
ԽԽĻƽҲʼ˷
֮ԪϽЩϣһȺȺսϵǿ߱͵ԪϣҶЩǿҲȫս˵֮Уô壬Щȫûʲô⡣
˿ԽԽࡣ
Ҷ磬ںҶоÿһÿһ룬ԼΪڷš
ⲻһǧǿͬʱ
˽񾳽֮ΪǷǳģЩҪǧ񾳽磬ڳʱǲܸоΪôһҶÿһÿһ붼оΪģʵǺ֮
쳽ʼҶʽ͸ǲһġ
˭ܹڵһģ
֮Уǧ˵棬һ˿꣬ҶںһҶ񲻶ϵ׳š
磬ҶΨһ飡
ҶȻ۾һ㣬иǿԽ࣬ٶȾͻԽ죡
ȻˣǾʵøһЩɣ
ЩûսʾģҲȫսȥ
Ҷĵ֮УѾ˷ǳ
ڽһʱһȺȺ廹иǿ߱ͽԪǣȻҶ˵֮Уϣ˸ǿǵӰҶĵ粻Ļǿ深ȥ
Ҷ˿Ѹٵš
ڣʮڣڣǧڡ
꣬ȻЩǳСȫںϽҶ֮УҶоԼΪڲϵš
УǿߵΪҲڷɿšﵽ񾳽Ѿһˣﵽ۷徳ģѾʮȻǻһľ޷ᲢۣһӴľţѾˡ
һ̣ҶԼؿʶеʥʯ̣ʵֵѸٵؿ쭣ͻʮ򣬽壡
ţҶоһǿǵʵϵš
һ壬ﵽ˵𾳽磬ЩΪߵģʵҲд
ʵֵǣﵽʮ֮ͣҪļ壬ʵֵҪﵽһ
ҶʮŴӵ֮ٻ˳
ʮǿߵĿˢˢҶϡ
˶񽢻ޣռԴȫռҶЩǿǷַ񽢣ִӵٻһЩ޺ͻƽޡ
õҶ֮һ񽢿ⰴҶķԸǿߴҶµļֻƽǰĹˡЩƽ޵ռĹ޾ˣ
޾ǷǳĶֵԪ
ͨ޷޵ǻƽ޵צȴԣ
ռ޾ˣΪǳġԪƷ
һҶں֮ҶҶǴӵƳҶǻкܶҪæһֱڵ֮С
̨YԪǣϹǱ߱磬ܵػ۸Դǳ֮ʯǳĺǳ衣Ҷ̨籡͋YȻҲԪǴţͷʱǳȣһҲ˷ѡ
ţף̨籵ͷ
СܵܣȥɣｻǾˣһЦ
Ҷ磬İɣYЦ
С̧ͷ峺Ĵ۾ףҲһȥ
ҶССԴЦЦС죬׵ĻԪǣҪˣײڵʱ򣬰︸ػҶң
ȻЩ¶С컹ǵ˵ͷţ
ҶԱߵľߣǰ֪ޣʲôģ
ޣֻĸʣǽ񼶱ģ⻹ֻ񼶱ĳޡֻ񼶱ģԼʮֻ塣
ߵĻҶ΢һС͵޾۾ӵ㣡
ҶʵδشܵЩ񼶱ޣǾ߿ԣҶѾ֪ľߵʵףһ񼶱ǿߣƷֻ񼶱޻򵥣
һҪǰһˣҶ˵
ԸΪʥЧͣ߹ص
Ҷ׼ٻħ񽢣ȴ΢΢һЦʥٻħ񽢣ҿԿ֮ţƬ̾ܵ
ߵĻҶȣ룬߿һλ񼶱ǿߣڻ¡
񾳽磬ȥҪ֮šʩչ˲Ϣܻ֮ܿᱻǻһ֣ѾѾٸǻһԾˣֻίʥʹ֮ţǫص
֮Ҷ˵ѾǳˣƬ̾ͿԵִңԶĵط˲Ϣ֮˲ִܵеκһ䣬ֱ⾿һʲôľ硣
ҿ񾳽ǿܵƵģܺ޹˼ɵشɱ¾ĻҪ¾һʵ̫ˣ
һӣгһţ΢΢ʥ˸ɣ
Ҷھߵĺ棬߽֮С
ಣӰʧ֮档
ǿǵʵһΡ
ʱЩ֮дУѰʥǿһȫ˷ܲѡ
׶Ŷãֽ壡ֱģ֤λ츳ʵ˵
嶼ˣ
ǿϣ
ͬʱǶλ䣬Ҳ˿ȵĳݣǼţλһܴ壬ػ
һʥת
϶ʥת
ʥת˭ô𣿡
һ֧֧ţ޾գܶǿ߶ѾƣˣеˣʵͻȻǼޱ˷ܡ
֧ţ˾ȵˣһЩԵǿˣϵؾۼѸٵشﵽ˵𾳽硣
һͨ壬һճģǵ𼶱ˡ
ЩԵǿУŵıʣȻҪԶԶġ
ǵϣлѪͳ
ȻѾǳϡˣϾǻѪͳ
ˣһֻǿһ·ӵ򣬵˵ϣ޷ǵĺͨˣڵ϶
Ӧʥһŵ㣡
ڴһöɵƬУһĿĵؽǣ


981 ĸ

Ҷ;֮УԶһһ޴Ӱ
ǰǸС۷徳ͣһʱ䣬ӦþС񣿡Ҷһ߹۲һѯԱߵľߡ
ڽ񾳽֮ǰҶ۷徳ͣ˺ܾãȻһֱûнףȴۺĻҶоǺкôģҶԥһ£ûСסСΪ̫ˣȣ۷徳ͣһʱӦûһЩô
򲻴Сδ죬׵̫δһ£ȷʵԻһߵͷ
ߵĻҶȷԼжϡ
һֱһʣΪѪͳǻں϶ȲӦö0ΪʲôСǻں϶100Ҷɵѯʾߵ
νǻں϶ȣĳ깲񣬲츳ܸǻ깲ģǻΪԸ죬ͻǻں϶ȵ͵ģǻһ׺ͽϵͣǻͻѹΪǻͳһַǲǻں϶ȵ͵ĳɳǻɼвǻں϶Ϊ0ǿȷǳߣǻȫ޷κӰ졣Ͽ϶ҲһЩǻں϶Ϊ0ˣǻǿ϶᲻һнɱǻûɳˡΪʲôطûǻں϶Ϊ0˵ԭ򣡡
ҶȻԭˣЩǻں϶ȵ͵ˣ츳ܵͣ෴츳ߣȺ˱ǻвԶѹˡ
ΪʲôԪȴǻں϶Ϊ0ˣ
ǷԪǻһݶ飬ԺҲҪлԪǻ꣬Ԫǻ꣬彫ʧ֣ܶ߿Ȼһ̾
Ҷ˹Ԫǻӻ壬Լǻں϶Ϊ0ˣԪǳɳ
ȻԪǻǵѣΪʲôԪǻҪѹЩǻں϶ȵ͵ˣ
Ϊ֮ʥÿһʱ䶼ҪѲӸ壬ԪǻĹ涨ѹ壬֪ܱǣѾܲˣ߽͵
ΪʲôСǻں϶ȴ100Ҷٴʵ
Ҳɻĵط߳ĬƬ̵ǻں϶ȸ츳ǿûֱӹϵСǻں϶ȴﵽһ٣˵СǻкǿĹӦòʲô¡
СǻкǿĹ
ĪǸҶĵĳЩϵҶĵԵ壬ǻ긽֮ϡ
˵ģСԪǻкǿĹӦòʲô£ҲûҪ̫⣬ɡ
Ԫǻݶ飬Ҷģǻһ岢ǶǻģԹһҲжг𱨳
ҶߵǰǶְɣҶĿЩȻо˼ɲѷɫĽǿߵϢ
ܵҶϢһ޺֮
˭Ҵ
ֻĸʻֻ񼶵ĳϢȫҶϡ
ǿҶ;ߵʱһ£û뵽ԷȻ࣬һ񼶱ǿߣԱܲκϢߣ֪ʲôΪֻһ
ˣҲǷǳˣȻܹͻǻһѹƣ׵ͽ񾳽磿
Ժδʲôһֻĸʿ˵ҶǸǸͬһĴڣûΪҶǸҶ෴Ҷϸܵǿҵв
ֻѯλĸһ顣Ҷ˵Ҷ
ʲô飿ĸһɢǿ֮һɹӿ
ǻһ忪սλĸʾ˭Ҷƽ˵˵ʱûκѯʵ˼෴֪˴𰸡
Ҷʻֻĸһ£漴һֻĸʳŪشЦ˵࣬˵أǻһĸӹ壬˵һӦð˭
޷Ц֮ǵЦǴӱǻģǳƮǳŪĴЦ
֪λĸʻôش𣡡Ҷüëһ˵Ȼˣ޶嶼һ޴в㲻ʾͱҲˣ
Ȼ֪ǻǣһֻĸʳһ
Ҳѯλĸʣȷһ£ȻѾȷˣڿʼӹˣ޶壬ĻǾֻҶ
ҶĻǷɧ
𣿡
Ȼ

Ϊһ񣬾ܻ𣿡
Ц˷ûκΪƾҶԱͷܹޡ
ֻĸĿⶢҶǲףҶΪʲôڳԣ˵һǼֱĲ˵оֻ񾳽ޣ㹻ˡ
ʱһǿϢ˲
վҶߣ಻ľߣ˲䱬⣬ͬԨsһ㣬͸ϵİϡ
ţ񾳽ǿߣ
Ȼ񾳽ǿߣ
֮УȻһ񾳽ǿߣ
ͼ޵߶Կǡ䡱һ޵ȫѹ塣
ݿ࣬ȫ޷赲
ֻ񼶡嫵ǰө֮һ㡣
޶ߵѹƵ޷ֻԵضһЩ޾ͻᱻѹƬʣ¡ǿޱȵнǿڣ
޶ѹƣҶһЦǰȥһֻĸʵͷ
ÿһȺ棬ĸȨĴڣֻҪĸʣ޾ֻˡ
嫵УǳӴֻСһȺˡ
λĸʣֻҪҾͿԲɱǣĻǱɣҶֻĸʵĶ
ֻĸ麧Ȼ˴˽ʲô
оȻһλ񣬿Ҫ𣬸ǻһսˣܻ֮ܿ£壬ͻ
ǿǺ𣿡ҶֻĸͬĸԸں壬Ǿͼ򵥶ˣֻĸʶȺȫ˳ֻĸʲպпܻһֻĸȺ鷳ˣҵޣ
ߵϵؼأֻĸʶовʱܽɱ
Էһٷûõġ
ãֻͬĸѡͷˡ


982 һ壡
Ҷ΢΢һЦֻĸʾǾͺðˡ
һٻ塣
ʲôһֻĸʿ壬սʵ
ں壬ұЧˣںϵĻֻҶɵصһ壬ֻĸʵڡ
ֻĸһ£Ҳģֻѡںˡ
գֻĸʶں塣
ҶޣȫԼĵ֮УʣЩޣԼںȥˡ
ֻ񼶱ޣֻ񼶱ޣԼʮֻڵޣҶľһ׳
һʵָѾ˰ʮܹͻһǾļˣ
Ҷٶȶԣļ岢ңԶ
Ҷߣǰȥһطɣ
вһǻһģЩһһҪʰҪô£ҪôĻһǻһľŹЩһﶼὫìͷָ塣
֮ڵıϷһȫ˳
֮ڵİһȫ屻ǿں壬аٷ֮ʮں壬򱻼ȡ˾ǡ
ʮ֮ڵĽһˡ
ʮ֮ڵĺ֮ȫ˳

ڣڹٸ壬ܹһʮȫں壬Ҷ˵磬ܹʮˣһʮһģҶûȥǡ
ʱ䣬ҶǿߵѸٵӣʹﵽٶ򣬽񼶱ľʮ߸һǸһġ
Ҷһʱԭţֱӱ߸ѹˡ
һҲҸԿ
ѱЩʱʵֵܿͻ˰򣬽ļ壬Ȼﵽٶ򣬾弶һǧƺǻкܳľ롣
ڽļ֮ʵһεõһյӤϵʵǿߵʵҲõ˴ȵǿǵ츳׾ܴﵽ񺣡սˡ
º磬ǻźħŵսڽˡ
ħųˣǻһȷţʣǧһ·
Ҷʮλһٶǧǰȥء
ĿΧ·²ǻһȷţǽ
Ҷ׼ǧǻһȷţȫں壡
ҶѾʱ׼ãǻһ巢һģķˣⳡս㣡
ЩǿҶĵܻ֮꣬Ҷ˴˽ҶΪϵٶȼֱš
Ҷ˲ͬôǿҶĵǵɹһתҶϡ
ôǧڼƵĸǿߣǵɹֻԵطֳһ㣬۵һ˵ϣǽǳˡҶͻƵҲ¶ѣѾ۷ˣ񾳽Ҳңң
ǿԽ࣬ҶٶȾԽ죡
ҶߵǰȳǻһȷţǰȥԱߵϺ򡣡
Ҷ˼ҶҪǰѱ壬Ȼʵҡҡͷ²Уô֮ṳ̂ϹӵҲѡΪ֮һεУܹڸסǵϢһ뿪򣬿϶ǻһǵע⣡
ߵĻҶ˳ĬһֱߵǾֻñķˡ
ĹĹ棬ҶµһЩлƽǣڲϵռĹһЩԴ
ҶȻǸĹĳħ̥
ಡһҶԭʧǸħ̥ľӵ档
Ҷͨ˳ħ̥
áҶһЦ
㣡Ǹħ̥ӳ˯ѹ
ǻһϾҪˣҪ忪ս׼ô죿ҪҪ뿪򣿡
Ҫǻһ忪սôӮħ̥ȵʵǻһӵӴӵǿߡ
Ȼ֪ӮˣҲҪһսǲȫûлᣡҶ˵Ƭ֮󣬾ߡಡһҶߡ
ܵߵϢħ̥ȵصһλһλ񣿡
Ĵм˺ܶࡣҶ΢Ц˵
ħ̥ĬƬ̵ҵĴмȷʵ˺ܶ࣬ǳһطǵִʥ֮أסҳһļλڣһλҳһǿĴڣҲһλ񡣡
ħ̥ĻҶüëһһ嵱УҲһλ
һ壬ԸԸһ֮ҶĿ
ħ̥ĬƬ̣˵ܹҳһ˵ս޷룬ҳһӦǲⳡսġ
޷룬֤廹̫СˣһǾԲսģܹ˵һ˿ӮĻᣬΪǻһ岻ͣ׷ɱĳһ壬ǱȻ㾡ȫ֮ս
ܷһصҳһʥ֮أħ̥ʵ
ҪôܰȥҶʵ
Ҫ㹻ԪĶҲ㹻ʩչطʱյ֮ʵ̫ϡˣ
ð죡ҶӵŪ˴Ԫħ̥ȥ
ЩԪڿħ̥֮ǰͱȡøɸɾ
ҪҪ壬ҵܹʵҲпһЩЧҶһҶҪħ̥Ҳɵһۡ
һ̺ĶҶҪħ̥˵ڼȡ˴Ԫ֮ǿһĺġءԽԽ죬̺Ű
Ǵ˵еĳħ̥вЩ𺳣૵˵һǻһϵ壬߼֮һǻһ廹ҪǿöĴڣ˵Ǳǻһ߼͵Ϯһҹ䣬ǻһ׷ɱ㱻򣬳Ȼ壬Ĳвڲͣǻһ彻ս˵Ѫɫı󣬾һЩһӰӡһ۷ʱ廹֪أ
ߵĻҶһ٣ԭΪһֻһû壬ֻħ̥֮䣬û뵽һ廹ǿƣһ壬ֻûǰְˡ
Ҷĵ֮ӿϵسħ̥ȥ
ܵЩ̺ħ̥ȸԾͣ壬ԽԽ࣬ħ̥һ޴࣬ͣؿţƵԽԽңʲô·Ҫħ̥̥֮


983 Ѫɫͼ
䣡
һȵ
졣
ħ̥ѣһӴӰ˺ѳħ̥˳ȫȼܵĳ棬ɢ˵ơ
ħ̥ѾɳΪˣ
ƵȻֻ񾳽磬ѾͨԱˡ
ߵȵ֮һ۵ʵǱǻһ廹ҪǿĴڡ֮ԻܣΪȺǻһҪٵö࣬ҳϲϲ彻
飬ڸǻһ忪սڸǻ쵼ٸ彻սͬʱнһ߼壡
ҹѣһܱǺġ
һжأǻһ׷ɱ˱ɱһȻʵȻǻһЩ߼ȣѷɫ˺ܶġ
Ҷ壬óħ̥һЩ΢ı仯ǰ˳
ҶһЩĪϤĬ
ԺͽСˣҶͷԳȻǾ޴СֲôߣŸոշһһ
СͷҶ˵ͷţлл㣬㣬ҿܻҪܷܶܶһҳһʥ֮أСȻҶ׺ͣ岢ûȫС棬ͨƺе㲻̫һӰС
Ҷ΢΢׵ȥɣϣһ죬һܸһԿǻһ壡
һᾡŬ˵ҵˣҲȷܲСͷĸĸĸĸǱǻһɱһҪģ
ټˣС濴Ҷ˵ʩչһطܲϵسֻƵƣಡһʧ֮С
߿һҶҪóһսеѣҲ˵׼Ͼǻһһϣһһѵģ
Ҷ˵ͷǽƣǻһǽ̫ƣԽ࣬ǵϣԽ󣡡
ǻһͽһʵ̫̫ˣЩ嶼ǿŽĶһǻһɲ˴вǾͲһˣ
ĹԴսҶĵ磬Ĺкܶ޾ˣЩ޾ȫռӦÿһʱˡ
ҶڵĻƽַܶ࣬Ѿﵽٶֻ
ôθҶԴе׽⡣
ĹԴάһʱ䣬ڵĻҪѰҸԴΪҶĵ棬иĻƽϾҪˡһЩƽ޶ҪԴǡ
һԴǾռ
ǰɷ˵һı֣Ҫռ֮ҪЩʲôҶʵ
ռ򣿡΢΢һ㶣ҶƬ֮ʵҪռһƬûôѣĽʵ̫ˣԶһЩ򿴵òǺء󲿷ֵǸռһƬҲֻע⣬ȻֻܹռһЩ޹ؽҪһЩҪĻܻܿע⡣
Ҷˣ۾һʵЩҪЩҪǰɶ֪
ǵȻϾǻһ彻ôˣ
Ҷ΢΢ף֪ЩҪҶһЩţЩˣȻٹȥշЩĸ壬ԼʵͬʱռЩԴ
һһʴʵﵽһ̶ȣͿĿŵظԿˣ
ıԵشҶľŸǻһľŷ˼ҵĽսû찵أ֮ǰԵĸı䣬ߵľռ˼ƣǻһȷȫΧˡ
Ҷľкܶ񣬷²һȺȺǻһȷеĸǿߡ
һԵȵս
ǻһȷŵļͳֱƵҪ֮ǰ¾һһ壬û̫ҵĵֿ򸽽Ǿͱò˳ǱħŹò״ħţ֧ǿţʵԶԶǣǳ׵ذΧˣԷô񡢽Ǽֱûô
ǻһȷűָһ飬һȺһȺǿѡͶ
ȵҶ;߹ʱǻһȷѾȫͶˡ
Ҷ¾ŽЩ²ȫѺ뵤磬ȫǿں壡
ǧǻһȷţҶյһʣ
ǻһҪȵʮº֪ȷŸϢٵǵŸϵ򣬹Ҫˣʱ䣬Ҷкܶ
ǧǻһȷų֮Ҷ;߻صԪǡ
Ҷһ־ٻ˳Լ˵ҶɣҷʮǧţֻޡҾħ񽢡һħ񽢣ٶȱϮϺܹƾͿƣܿƾͶŪһЩ²ԴҪ죡
ʵһҾħ񽢾װǧˣΪþŻԡսǿҶ䱸Ҿħ񽢻һħ񽢡
ǣ峤Ҷ֣صص
ҶƽҷͬıȥϮľ򣡡
ǣ
ҶµľŽ˷䣬֧ͬʱϮΧļ򣬵ȻҶļвôҪһЩ򣬶Ҿ򶼱ȽϽ߸ʱӦܹء
ҶĵһηŵĲ´ЬģҶԸҶɡҶƽȥȥͻأһǹطӶ²ԴΪ̫ע⣬Ǳ߻ΪĳЩǿ߾š
һӶ뿪ԪǣǰҶ֪սŸոտʼѡ
һδսҶ²ǻǿߣЩǻǿ߶Ҷں壬һŵվ
̨˵ѪɫҪǻ²ʲôҶ̨ʵһЩɻ
̨ҡҡͷҲ
ˣʽ׶˵Ҳûʲôʧ˵֪̽ѪɫǱߵͼҶһЩǻЩǻ궼ں壬Ҷҳϣ˵ܴѪɫǱߴ̽ʲô
ѪɫǱ߶ÿһǻ꿪ļǮʵ̫ˣҶòĶٸǻ꣬ͿԻһҾħ񽢻ʽʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ǿǾħ񽢣ħ񽢣
ǻ꣬һӾͿԻʮҾħ񽢣
ս֮ҶԾħ񽢡ħ񽢵൱ģȻԽԽá
ǻ걻ĵԪǣͨͨǰѪɫˡ
Ҷĳ֮ĹϵһЩ΢ı仯ԭѪɫģѾԵ֧Կǻһˡ
ڻֻսĿ˶ѣսȼ𽥽γԭ֮ƣ


984 Դ
ɳűϮӶԴ֮⣬ҶɳһЩСӣѰһЩڡ
ĳһ塢Ԫһ塢ȵȣǸǻһжԵģҶ׼ȫټ
ҶʼΧЩ쿪
һߵǲһҶڲϵţΪϵ
Ҷĵ磬ǿߵٶȶǳ죬ÿһ׶ΣǶںһ壬꣬ҲΪҶƴ굱еһ֡
أҶΪʼ׵ļˡ
ƾʥ֪Ҷٶ֮죬Ҳ𺳲ѡ
Ҷһǧڵ壬ĸǿһͬ
ΪҶ񽥽͸ϵ֮ͣߴǧףڲϵţϵܵӡ
Ҷ񣬾һߵ飬ģԪǷ·µһ塣
⾪˵ı仯ҶҲоޱ𺳡
ҶĿ⣬ȥ֮أһҲߴＸףǸĴСҶ̫ˡ֮ص񣬾Ȼһλ񼶱ǿߡ
֮Ǹ񿴵ҶΡޱȵ壬صˡ
ǡҶɻѯʡ
ʥһӣҲһλʹӡ쳽Ҳ˰޳񣬵ڵڰʱҵ޷ܾ쳽ʥȣҲûֻʣ񾳽Ϊ֮ص˵˿Խޣ
ޣ֪쳽һʲôĹҶʵû뵽޾Ȼʥĵӣ񻹱񾳽Ϊô۷ʱ򣬺ܿһλ
ˣ쳽浮֮ԴһⲿıԴ֮Уֻ׿֮ˣܴӱԴⲿʥĵһһλħħһĴߣħһѣΪ˵һưԵĵڶ壬ʥһʱ򣬱ħһļλһͭŵ֮Уʥһ쳽
ĵһȻħһĴߣ
ϢҶסˣ룬ĳЩ棬ħȷʵй֮ͨû뵽ħ֮䣬Ȼ΢Ĺϵ
ҶƺԼһ㣬оԼǰǱһͭŵ֮С
ѹԼڣһѹƲסħħͨħҪǿö࣬ħֶɡԭһУħڣħһĴߣ
ʥһǾ쳽츳޷Լ汾ԴΪʼղһħһļλΪʥһпԵҪʥһľ쳽ʥһѾڸľ쳽ˣֻʩչ˾쳽ߵİ壬Աͭŵʼת
ǺأҶʵ
ϵǣʥת֮棬Ȼͬ磬ŽȻͬıԴ򡣡
һ棿ȻͬıԴ򣿡Ҷɻⳬѵ֮⣬棿
Ҳ֪ʥÿһʲôϴ˵˵ϹоŸ棬ÿһ涼вͬķÿ涼񼶵ĴڣŸתﵽƽ⣬쳽оƪھŸıԴ֮Сľ쳽ֻһƪѡ֮ǰļתֻнУֻǾ쳽ĵһƪʥ֮ǰÿһת˲ͬ磬ΨʥһǵתڵҲǵת˵Щɻ
ʥңÿһתڲͬ硣ҶȻʥֻ˵һЩ
־ȣʥô˵ü˼֮󣬺Ȼ۾һˣʥ˵žŹһյ㡣ʥÿһȥһ棬ôʥȥ߸棬ȴ˾쳽ľַԭӦǣʵھŸ棬һľִԪʱհˡеһУֻһԴ
ҶƶǶ޶ʱյƺҶҪһΣ룬ľ쳽ʵһıԴ򣬲ҪȥѰҡ
汾Դƪ쳽ôҲǲܵ飡ЩصΪ汾ԴǸĴڣ
ҪԼ汾Դ򣬶ҶҪΪʥ汾ԴѪһںҶ֮С
ʥĵһħڶ壬תΪ壬Ϊʥÿһֵػ塣ȫԸȡΪ˵ıʥһػ壡֣ص˵
Ҷ˵ͷǳ֮⣬֮Ψһһ汾Դ֮쳽ˣȻѾ񣬵Ȼıġ
ҶԼǰһУǿҵĺ棬һУѾ˼ʱգ޴֪ˡ
쳽ǳǿԳΪ񼶵Ĵڣ
Ҷڵ񣬾쳽ػ壡
񲻶ϵ׳Ҷо֮Уһ汾Դ򣬾һͣתЩ汾ԴĪ⣬תʱ򣬲ϵγ汾Դ֮汾Դֲ֮ͣתʽ
汾ԴܹΪʮ˵
һ£Ҳ˵ÿһλ񶼴һֱԴƹһ
Ҷ棬˸ε⣬ͷԼĵ磬֮УһƱԴγɡܹγ˾ŵŵ汾ԴԴԴϵ汾Դ֮ޱŨ
йʮ˵ԴΪʲôҶĵ֮Уȴֻγɾŵ
ĬƬ̣Ҷˣʮ˵ԴУŵ취򣬾ŵǺ취취ں취֮ϣҶֻŵ취򣬶ŵ취޷ģκǿ߶У
Ҷеľŵ򣬴Ҷÿһ̺һԭеģҶ淨İ֮γķ
ַ򲻶ϵγ汾Դ֮汾Դ֮ޱȰŨЩ汾Դ֮ǿǣиǿ߲ϵա
һֻе񼶱𣬲ȡıԴ֮ȻǼȡıԴ֮ǷǳϡģҶĵ棬汾Դ֮
ĸǿһϵؼȡţǵΪϵͻƣͬʱǵҲҶ񲻶ϵصƽ޲ϵطЩȫҶۡ


985 ʥ춦
񲻶ϵͣҶоԼĿ⴩͸嫵ա
һУһܹԶǺӡ
ǿ֮УಣһӹЩڸǿߣ
Ա鼰档
мƺоʲô߿˹طƺЩ⣬һƬ磬ǵ۲첻ʲôѸٵˡ
һЩ浮֮ʱ򣬱Դ֮ͱȽϻҡҲΪʲôߺϹӵѡԭ
Ҷ񣬲鿴ֺɨȥಣǳ֮ʯɵ壬Ҷץ罭뺣һ㣬Ҷ˵֮УЩǳ֮ʯιеޡ
Ŀ·ԪϣԪбҫһ֮
ƺ֮ʥ֮ѷɫ
ʲô
ҶȻǵص¥
ĪǣԪɽĵص¥Ҳһʥɣ
ص¥ʥµģȻ
Ҷ㣬ص¥Ԫǵĵصװγɨص¥Ҷüͷ΢΢һ壬ص¥Ȼһ˲õıʥʥ֮Ҫ΢ѷɫôһ㡣
ص¥ӦĳλǿߺƵġ
ϧˣʥ
ǸղǵѷɫʥĹâʲô
Ҷһֱ͸˵ص¥ڲص¥ھŲ㿴ȥ
Ҷص¥ھŲ㻹һ޴Ľ磬Ҷʵ̫ˣ޷֮УڣƺѾǿˣҶ͸ǲ磬ƣ˿С
Ŀһֱͣﴩ͸뵽˽ĵطһ⣬͸Ƶ͸
âĿۼ
һھ޶ͨҫ߲ʵĹâһھ޶Χ
ǣ춦Ҷһ£ЩţһԼϵ춦ȡ˳
ڤҵ춦һֱҶܾãǵҶΪϵ͸ħ֮ıһҶİѾǳСˡ
Ҷû뵽Ȼڵص¥һһģһĶ
춦ҶȽһ£ϵ·֮Ķһģûһ𣬵ǿ׵طֱص¥춦ӦƷԭΣͷųѷɫʥ֮򣡶ҶӦֻһƷ
ǷƷҶе춦ҲһıˣǿӦҲһõġ
Ǹʥ춦ȣѷɫ̫̫ˡ
ʥ֮һ춦
Ҷһѹеļ춦ȥ䡱һ춦ϺɫĻӿҶоһ˿ǿҵʹ
˻
Ҷһ춦˹ȥʥ춦ҲһҪõ֣
Ҷѹ춦Ҫ춦ѱ
춦ƺΪѱ䣬졣
ѹҶϴ߶һǷħӡ춦ȥ
أ
Ƿħӡ춦ϣ춦Ļ治ϵҡҷȴȻûֳκơ
룬Ҷʾй춦顣
ǰ֪ʥһʥ춦Ҷɻʵǻһսʱֻһܷɵ춦ǴӺζ
ʥ춦ʥδʹùʥδҡҡͷ
ʥǴõ춦Ȼڵص¥֮УҶüɻ
ʥ춦¶˼֮ɫҼǵûĻʥ춦Ӧħһı
춦ħһı
ʥεõ춦ģĪǴħһĲɣ
Ҷг˲⣬ʥ֪ˣ˿Խˡ
Ҷ춦ȥͨĹӡǾԲܽʥģʥ֮ǳ˳շ춦һͷҰԵҰһ㣬ôױƿء
ҪʥֻһǾ汾Դ֮
䣡
Ҷһ컯ǳӡ컯ǳӡ֮У̺汾Դ֮춦ȥ
أ
һ컯ǳӡ춦Χѣ춦Ļʱѹȥ
ǻֻǱѹƬ̣ͻȻֱ֮ǣ춦ͣسײءһ汾Դ֮ɢȥҶȻ޷춦
汾Դ֮޷춦
ǰ֪βܽ춦ҶʵѾûˣ汾Դ֮޷ѹƣʲô
ȷʵѱǲôģҵǵˡ˵֪ص¥Ų㣬Ȼʥ춦Щû뵽ʥ뿪ʱȻⶫʥػص¥տص¥Ųǵ磬һֱûдǵ磬ԭΪӡʲôޣû뵽Ȼһʥ
ҶЩʧȻ֪ʥ춦ڣ޷併Ҳûð춦񼶱ǿҲǿ
ô죿
춦浮֮γɵ֪Ƹֱҩ춦ƳıЧöǳˡƳʥıҲ˵ʥѷɫѣһѹǿߣҩԵ˵춦ʥбȽϰԵ͵һ
ߵĻҶӼᶨ˾ģһҪʥ춦շ
ʥ춦ضϵش
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ಣҶͻȻ˵ص¥Ų㣬Զȥʥ춦ȼźɫܻ档
汾Դ֮Ҳ޷ѹʥ춦ǾֻһֶˣǾ汾Դ
汾ԴҶĵ棬޷Ƴ֮ġ
Ǿֻܣʥ춦뵤ˣ
ֱڲһ˵ȻѹƲסʥ춦鷳ˡ
룬Ҷڵ濪ٳһĿռ䣬õ鶼ԶԶرܿԶʥ춦ȥ¶˾ģ뻢Ѩɵûӣ
Ҷʥ춦Ӷȥ춦Ҷ֮ҶܵĻ档
ʱҶĵת
ಡһ춦˵֮С
ʥ춦΢΢һ£˿˵һƬ֮УӵһԵԼһδ֪磬ڴ硣
Ȼҵĵ磬Ǿ͹ԹԵɣҶĿһŵ汾Դ򣬽ʥ춦ۡ
ڵ֮УҶǿף
䣡
汾Դ֮һʵ˵Ҷ߶һɹɰ汾Դ֮ʥ춦ȥ
춦ĻʾҶ汾Դ֮ϵضԺ䡣
䣬汾Դ֮ϵرɢ
ʥ춦ǿ𣬺һҶ
Ҷʱ¶ʹɫȻʥҵĵ磬ȻܷӳǿҪƿ


986 ŵ
Ҷǿ£񣬳ʥ춦ѹ¡
ʥ춦Ļ治ϵضԺš
ʥ춦Ļ棬Ȼѹһ֣Ȼǳǿ
Ҫ֪Ҷ
ڵ棬ҶʵҪԭǿʮֹȻѹסʥ춦
ֻܶ汾Դˡ
ŵ汾Դۣһʥ춦ȥ
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ŵ汾Դͬʱʥ춦ϣʥ춦֮ʥ춦ϵĻ棬˼֡
㻹
Ҷʥ춦ŵ汾Դ򲻶ϵغʥ춦
ʥ춦Ȼܵ˹汻ѹȥͨ屦ҫ۶Ŀ˿ûˡ
ҶȻʥ춦ûȫѹƣȻǿޱȡ
ǣ֮ǰѱЩͬʥ춦ֻǾ֮С
Ҷظоʥ춦ƺ׼Կˡ
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ҶȻоʥ춦һ汾Դƺڽʲô
汾ԴҶÿһںϳһ塣
ʥ춦ǵ汾Դʥһ
춦ԭħһı
ҶȻʲôʥ춦ĵһˣܿλħһĴߣ
һ
˵汾Դܹշʥ춦
ʥ춦ʶԼѡˣǿѹǣһʥ춦ˣǾͼ򵥶ˡ
ǵ汾ԴֳһƷ򣬳ʥ춦ȥΧʥ춦ͣػš
汾ԴںϽʥ춦С
Ҷ²⣬ʥͨһҵʥ춦ڣȻڵص¥֮еģ
оʥ춦ѣҶصȴš
Ҫշʥ춦Ҫһʱ䡣
ʱơ
һ汾Դʥ춦ȫںϣҶоԼʥ춦֮佨һ˿ϵ
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Ҷпϲʥ춦˹ȥʥ춦ȼ˳ȵĻ档Ҷǿסʹ뵽춦ڲ˵ڤ춦Ʒ֮ʱ龰
ϵرʥ춦ţϱøΪ⡣
ҶоϵرøǿȻ̼ʹ࣬ҶȻգϵȥ춦ÿһ䡣
ڣʥ춦ظҶһ˿ϵĬ
ڿˣ
ʥ춦ڿˣ
ʥһǵ淨򣬲ȻҶô˳շʥ춦
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ʥ춦ЩҪҶģ
ʥշ춦𣿡ѯʵ
ǵģҶ˵ͷ΢Ц˵շʥһβľҶ׼ͬķշʥ֮֮ǰҶΪ飬һֱûʥ֮뵤֮УڣҶѾȷĳģԲǰ
ʥ֮˵棬ʥ֮ʥ춦ҵطҲô׵Ҷֻܶ汾Դ֮ͬ
ʥʯ̿һۣʥʯʵָǵ˾ŰٶϾҪͻһǧ򣬴ﵽ弶ˡ
һʥֱʵֵٶ򣬿ɼһʥǿ˺̶ֳȣ
Ҷͷһ۵磬˵ʥ֮弶壿
ﵽ弶壬ʵһճ壬ܴﵽ磬һߵʵҲ
ļ弶֮Ĳǳ弶֮ϣÿһһĿԽ
ʥ춦ƴʥıǿʵ˵ǻǵУҲų˵ɣǰһʥܣɥʧߣҲΪһҶܹתˣʥ춦ĳ֣þߺȻһЩġ
ʥô׼Ϊһǿʥ춦һ˿ϣ
ҶȻʲô֮⿴ȥֻǺ嫵֮У񽢣Ⱥһ㣬߷Ӷ
֮ǰǻһŻҪӴö࣡
񽢣ÿһ棬ǧˣ
Ȼȫģ
Ҷ֪ǣȼͻƣǿʵϵǿ궯ϵǿ߾ۼѰǵ䡣
ŷǳӴ󣬷ֳʮ֧飬⻹ֻһ֧ѣ
λ䡢ħҶԼѪɫϹ󶼸һЩʵǵõϹӵٻǰһǿˡ
֧ʮ֧Ψһһִ֧ġ
ȻľţҶ˺ܶѶϢ׷Ѱ
֧ؽ
ǰǽɣҶҶ߲ܣ㹻Щļ룬Ҷҵʵһ̨ס
ߵ֧žȥÿһഫѶϢ
񼶱ǿߣţоȻڣ
Ǽ׷λʥת
ҵʥתˣ
˷ǾУ޾ĺڰҵ˹Ƿ·𿴵ϣ
ܶǿ̲ס档
Ȼϲûз壡
ȱӣ
ҵʥת
Ը׷ʥ·ǣҲҪΪʢƴɱһδ
ǿ֮гݣصߵףȻԸͬÿ䣬Ƕһϵĳ֮ģΪ˻ָȵҫΪԸԼС
йݣⳡ濰׳ۡ
Ҷ񿴵һĻܵЩǿеΡϵģһסǻҲᣬȻˣΪʲôʥڶת֮󣬾뵽ᣬΪһԱ֮ÿһѡػ塣
֮һЩСˡңⲢһɾ壬ֵػ壡
ҶסȭͷһҪΪƴһǬ
ʱ֮رԵǻһ֮С
ǻһȫۼ֮Уʥڸ߸ߵ֮ϣ۾׹֡
ƺƽʥ˵
ʥ½壬ۼ򣬺Ѱǵ䣡һ˵
ԱһЦһЩʲôΪƾǣɱ򲻳ɣһûУҪصǸܵ飡


987 Ƶ
ǻһӴ壬ܹ߸۷弶ǿߣʥڣǻһ߸ͷ֮⣬ٶǴǻһ۷ս
ңǻһ廹ͳٸ壬Щ嵱У񼶱ǿٶ
񡢽ǲˡ
۷Ⱥ
۷ʱҲֻһѡ壬ֻܹһλ۷壬Ǿʥλûܴﵽ۷徳硣Ҳֻжʮ
ʵ֮£ǻһǻһʥʱʥͻȻ˳ս־ȵǣʥʵȻ˿ѷɫ
ֱһ죬ʥŽ嵱в
ңҲǻһƲַܼ򵥣һ壬ԺôϵʱʥΪʵɱ壬ʧģܿˡ
ʥͨһЩֶΣʥʵ۷ԾʥԲŻܡ£ʥȻܷɵʥˣȻȥ
ʥ֮ǲµǿߴɱ壬Ϊһ飬ȻڻǾʥûҵܷɵĲƬҲ׵ʥʧˡ
ǻһ棬ŮҲˣ̵ǻһ֮һǻһŷǳߵʥѡȴϲʥʥǳŭڻʥ֮ʥͼɱ̸̣ӵˡ
֮⣬һ۷ǿߣ浮֮ݣΪһӣǸŮˣʥҲ޷ѣǸŮȻڴʥʱ򣬱ˣԱʥв
⼸ˣʱпܾ
ʥ£ǸѪħһ廹ħһӴҪǽѪɫħ䣬Ǹʣһ˵ǻһ֮һա
ħһǻһΪУħһѾ߼ˣȻʵǻһ΢ѷɫǻһ壬ħһ棬Ѿ۷ˣߡ֮սѾãǱӻ嵹Ҳ
Ѫħһ壬۷ȺһֱξȻҲӻ壬ʥЩ֡м䶨ȻЩè壬ụ̂ѪɫǲṫȻǻһԿġ
˴֮ϵ۸ӣǻһȻǿƣǵҲܶࡣ
֮⣬廹Щ䣿ʥкһʵ
һڻ
һ壿ʥɱ¶
ˣǷ䣬ʱ
йעŵĶ򣡡ʥ˵ЩΪˣǻһ̣ʱƣƽָˣЩʵһ㣬ʱôôˣ
ʥˣһ֧Щ쳣ͻȻ˵
򣿡ʥôһطԵشһ漸޷֪֮̽һ
ǰʱƺ֮ʥʧ٣յһЩ롣
ٸǧ񣬻ھţѲƬ򣬵κ壬ɱ⣬ʲôϢ㱨ʥɭȻص֮ϣĮ
Ȼһ壬һ仰ܾЩ˵
Щһ壬ٶ඼ÿϧ
յǣһȺһʲôӵĻ棬ҷֳˣɱɱɾ
ǣõʥ֮Ӧ׼뿪
ȵȡʥͻȻ˵סա
ʥ»ʲôԸտʥ˵
ҸоֳˣϢʥһ±ʧˣѾ顢ҹǰȥɱˡ֪κι̵Ϣһ㱨ʥɨһյ
һݣո̹ϵʥǶղһ˿١
ǣʥ£̵֪٣ʥ»㱨ģ
ȥɣʥ˻֡
չˡ

Щǿ֪Ҷʥת֮ʱǶҶ˹
󲿷ֵǿԸҶĵ磬ΪգΪģЩСڸԵϣ˭ðž޴ķǰ
һǿߣЩӵǿߣǶԽҶĵ籨Իɵ̬ȡ
֪ںʵʱкܶ˻ǽܲסջ󡣱ϾԼ̫ˣ֪ںʵ˲õܶԽջ
񾳽֮ҶеѾǿ˾˵ĳ̶ȣһǿں壬϶Դﵽ磬츳ǿԴﵽ۷塣
ǰľ󲿷ֶ֮µǿߣֻռкٵһ֣ںܽ˵ֱһ죡
һȺȺǿ߽Ҷĵ磬˿ٶͣԭʮࡣ
ʵǳ
һȺȺǿں壬ǷؽףԽԽ˴ﵽ磬дԼǧ֮һңԴﵽ۷塣
ҶЩ۷徳ǿ߽ʥ֮񾳽硣
ʵֵͣһ·ͻƵǧ˰ٶ츳ٴ
ʵֵҪﵽһϡ
廹ԶδѾԤˡ
ôǿǵɹһ뵽Ҷڡ
һ죬ֵͨã
ֲٶȣʥˣҲޱ𺳡
쳽ھƪǾʥ޸ƵģܹʲôΣʥԼҲ֪
ҶЩǿ꽻ţΪ쭣ԽԽò˶þܳ񾳽硣
оǿǵڴҶ׼Ǳ
ٸҰʱ䣬ұضɱ
ԴڤеöɵƬˣͬʱЩǿֽڵϵķɵƬҲ˹ɵƬںһ𣬽ʣһɵƬˣֻҪҵʣһɵƬܵõܷɵ
ʱһʥָտɴ
Ҷͣţͬʱϵʹʥ춦һսҶʥ춦
һһǿս¯ʥ춦һЩԴﵽġ
ʥ춦ʥΨһһܹʥ춦ĵһʥһ˺Ȼħһ壬ȴһֱûʹõĵһǸ峬ʦǵֱʣҲкܶǵ춦ƣһֱġ
û춦ƵĴħҲû취ô졣
춦ҶҶȻ˷춦ǿ


988 裡
ҶϵţͬʱƸսսףżҲὫֲҩռȻƳɸֵҩ
ʥطʥصԼλֱǰ
˽Դ޶ȵҶ׼ǰȥչһأƺǰѰʲôˡ
Ŀɨ꣬Ҷһ֪ʱǸڤľڤѾ֪ȥ
ҶĿ䣬оսҪȼˣ彫òΪսǿ𣬷Ļܻܿٲ١
ʱƣº
棬ǻһľţ档
ǻһŵУͷһǻ꣬кѪһ۷弶ǿߡ
һܹٸǧ񣬻ھţӴľţһСС򣬺Ѫô̫Сˡɱһ۾ӵѣõôʦڣ
ɱ壬ûгֹһϵǿߣһ·ɱҡ
ͬΪʲôֿ
ֳ֧Ǹһ֧飬ȫŲ򣬵һ壬ȫɱ⣡Ѫ
ٸ񣬸Դһ֧ţ˷е̺ʽŲ顣
ǿߣǻǵĴ£ʼÿһ塣
ɨ
ô£Щôûһޣ
Ҳûз֣
ţǲһ˿ԤС֮ǰǻһȷͼ򣬽ħŵӣĪȫûˡһΣǽ֮󣬾Ȼһһֻ޶ûз֡
ô£
Īյ룿
ܣûʲô֣Ҫ֪˱ǻһѹˣҪ񾳽졣ڻĹ壬Ҳǻһˣ
ţò𰸡
ѪҸո˼ϵͣǴ֮ǰһѾ뿪ˣ׼ǰѣǻͨǻĳƺǻһ棬ͨǻĵλǷǳ͵ģֻܼľһЩϣײĴڡ
һ嶼ȥˣ
˵ɸǵ뷨ǻһżִһ廹Ͻ룿
ֻû뵽һȻôɾһʣ
Է֯س롣
֯ΣѵŻǻһľŶԿɣ
׷ɱǣκһ֧ڣ㱨Ѫɱ¶
ٸľžһҪе̺ʽһһ嶼Ź
ͬǣһʵ֮УҲ޷̫Զ
Щ񲢲֪ǣǻһûнʱ򣬾Ѿ֮вһЩ󷨡
ҶԵһ֮УˣȫҶ˵棬Ҷĵš
ԪѾڣԪǱҶ˵档ܿǣܿǻѾ֪ȥˡҶʹܿǻȥ򣬾ֻЦ
ǻһŷֳһ֧һ֧Ųһ塣
Ҷǻһŵһһȫ
ǰҪһǰѪɫɣҶһ۾ߵҶģԵ֧ǻһľţǻһǶȻע⵽ߣһǰǾ鷳ˡ
ȴ΢΢һЦҶ˵һ뿪򣬱ȻᱻǻһǷ֡ǻһ֮оȻһλһ񲻹һеؽɱң
ѪɫҲ𣿡ҶüʵԱߵľߣһۣȻѾˣǴ˿վͬʸһ㣬ϡɼݺʱķˡ
ҲСҡҡͷѪɫǱ߿Աӻһλ䣬ȴӻһ񣡡
ΪʲôڤԲǻһ׷ɱ
߿һҶΪڤͶǻһ壬ǻһˣɱ¾壬Ϊǻһģ
ڤȻǻһģҶ΢΢һ㶣۾¶˲˼ɫΪʲôڤַ㣿֮ҶˣڤڲӪں
ȻڤΪˣڤȷʵΪ˺ܶ飬ڤһֵεˡʥ⣬ūΪʥһЩ飬Ѿǳˣ
ôҶŵؿߣȻȷʵˣǰ˵񼶱ǿߣǧӦòѲǣ
Ϊ˵ȵʥתطǱϾ뿪̫ˣѾﵽļޡڤǲһû֮ǰҾѾ˺ܾúܾãҵѾൽ˾ͷѾȲǰʱˣ¾λϹŶʱ˳ʷ̨ˡ׷ʥôܹ꣬ȵʥתҾңδ帴˴ҵҪʥˣ߿ҶѵЦǻǵУһ˿ϣҶϣ帴˵ϣֻϧܹ򣬷ĻȻ֮ǰΪʥһ
Ҷв˼įͱ֮ʱضҲһλ߳Ƶֻϧһʱ䣬֮ʥһֱĬĬػص¥޾£һֱڵص¥棬껪ţȻػǿִŵġ
ȻӢĺ꣬ͽȻκΣ
һֱ磬߾Ͳ
ҶоǻǱʲôסˣۿ죬취Ѿͻ磬Ǿּǿߣһ磬ͻᱻʥȻԴҶĵȥǾڵȻ˥ϡ
ʥ⣬ܹȵʥתѾҵʹοܼʥӣūѾǳˣܹ֮ڣΪ˵ȵʥתĻʥʱѾˣΪսʱѾˣЩΪÿһ֮ʹ
Ȼദʱ䲻࣬ҶԾ߳Ľ֮飬һλֵ𾴵ĳߣ
죬˾Ҷ֧ǻһľţٸҶĵ磬Ҷضܹˡ
ֻǣǻһľ֮󣬱ؽǻһע⣬ò˶þͻǻһǰʱ޴أ
ˣʥΪѹʥǰѪɫδӾҪʥԼˣ߿Ҷ΢Ц˵Ȼȴһοɫ


989 ˣ
ҶǱĪǾһǿߣػô꣬ȴȲ𣬾ҪıĻ
ǰΪβԸҵĵ磬ں壬һתҶҲ֪ܷߵһܱȲҪá
̧ͷһҶ΢΢ЦЦʥף˺ܶطôѾΥ淨ǿĻܵ취ĺ
취ͲǾߺҶֵܹˡ
߶Ҷĵ磬ҶĵҲܱ취ơ
ϾҶĵǺγɵ硣
ҶĬԸ⣬ԸðյģǾ߲Ը⣬Ҳûʲô취
ٶȣǻһľҪһòִܵ򣬵¾͵ˣֻһܣǾǻһ嶯طĴʹǸʹҪ񼶱ǿ߲֤ܿѾ񼶱ǿע⵽Գǻһ֧֮ʥ͵뿪һ̶ܵ飡߿ҶЩǵ˵
Ҷг˱˵ѵûʲô취
һֵ𾴵ĳߡ
Ȼģʵûûа취ҶʹԼΪʲôôһĻܾͺԥɱˣ

ߺҶͻȻһƬ֮Уסǻһľš
˭ͷض֮еҶ;ߡ
䣬оһǿ嫵˷ѹȥ
֧ʮڸǿɵǻһţѹƵ޷
㼯˵Ҳ޷һԿ
桭񣡡Ǹŵȫû뵽Ȼһλ
˵ĸֶ
˵˱ѹˣû
ھ߶ֵ˲䣬ҶѾˣǸȥһ壬Ǹȥ
أ
һƻɢҶǸڡ
һʮҪôҶǿں壬Ҫôȡ˾ǣʣЩǿȫҶս˵硣
ˣҶһ۾ߡ
ߣߴҶ˲䴫͵һ
֧ǻһľţһ֧һ֧ʧ֮С
о߰Щǻһڲκηˡ
Ҷ񡢽ԽԽ࣬Щ񡢽񲻶ϵǿҶʵ
¡
Ҷ˽ױϣﵽ񾳽磡
һռ䷨ƾγɣһ΢СҶ߲ϵ
ÿһ΢С磬̺ſռ䷨
֮Ҷʵ˲ʮҲϵرǣҶ·оԼ汾Դ֮䣬ֽһ
ܹշһʮҶˣоһҶܿռ䷨¶һ˿΢ЦȻʥתҶʵٶʵ̫ˣͬһҶΪͨҪǿö࣡
һﵽ񾳽ֻ֮ƿһ磬ɴСһҪǿöࡣ
Ҷߣγ˾Ÿ磬Ÿ绹ܵӣ
ҲζţҶʵͨľűֹ
һ֧һ֧ʧޱߵ֮УѪһ֧һֱִԪǸ
ԪǶʧˣ
̫ˣһ·Ȼһһ嶼ûз֣ôѪǳɻԽԽԾһ·Ȼû֧š
˵֧չ̺ʽǵķΧôҲһ֧ǣ
ѪͻȻһ˿õԤУءһһɫǻ֮
ɫǻ֮򣬷ӡǻһطһ󱬣ǻһ
ںѪǻ֮֮Ƭ̣ǰ֮гӰ
񣡡ѪͫȻ
䣬һӴ˹
Դ˾ǰܾ֮е㲻Ծ
ѡλ׼ǰȥѰ̵̣ǿ󣬲ôҪץǲܵġ
ͻȻһ˿΢ĸӦǺѪǱ߳ˣ
Ѫ֮ǰصظѪһǻ֮úѪΣյʱõģ
ߣȥ򣡡ճ
ಣһӰȻʧʩչĴ
ȻЩ⣬޷ֱӴ͵򣬵ǿԴ͵Աߵ磬Ȼ
򣬹ˣֵطһǾԲġΪǻһô︲ЩҲôƫƧĵطһ½ǶΪ½֮᲻ϵţǳ
֮С
ҶѾǻһȫˡ
߳һۣƽصˣ
ô죿Ҷһ£ǻһҲ̫˰ɣ
沼󷨣ʱʥ߰ɣؿҶһۣ˵
ѾһӭУҶ
춦ʥ֮ʥδûһսĻᣡҶʥ֮ٻ˳Ŵӵľߣƶ⣬սҲһ뿪ģǽʥ֮ЩҲκβǣ
ػôãôҲӦһ죬Ҷôģ
춦ʥ֮¶ǳأҡҡͷֻһӣҶ㲻շ𣬷ɽʥ֮档
ǰҶԼ޷ǿǰҶǲߵѹƵ޷
ʥ֮˾ߵǰ߲ϵؽӡһǷħӡƾո𣬽߳еޱʥԡ
һǷħӡΧʥ֮Χʥ֮򽥽ģʧ
£ǰսҶ˫Ŀͨ죬ȻΪ̫ˣʥ֮춦ṩһЩ
¶ƽЦݣˣǾ֮أʥȥ֮ʥΪΣһ죬ػؽҫˣҲĿˡʥ£ˣߵϣ¶һĨ֮ɫһǷħӡʥ֮
Ҷžߵ飬Ҳ̲ס¡
һλɾǰ
ǰһΪϹѣһҲ޷ٿ
ǻһ壡ʥһ죬ҶҪɱѪծѪ
أ
һǷħӡʥ֮ϣʥ֮򾭹ļ٣ಡһϳβȥ


990 ʥ֮Ĵ˵
ãã֮Уʥ֮ٶԽԽ죬һš
ҶԿңԶеһС
¡
һ˵ıը屬ѣ籬Ƶ̻һ㡣
֮ʱҫ۴ĿĹâ͸ա
飬ǿײ֮Χȫ˷档
֮۷Ծ
Ȼǿ߸ǻһĶԾжôҡ
ǰҶ˫ĿشţҪʥ֮򣬵ʥ֮ϵǷħӡѾסҶȥ·ƾҶô޷ѡ
ߵһػ壬ֱգδܿ
ߵ־ػ
ҶУʹһôֵ𾴵ߣȴҪؿžȥʲô
յľͷ򲻶ϵػţʥ֮úԶˣǱߵ
ʥ֮򲻶ϵԶȥԶԽԽģ
Ȼ䣬Ҷ·𿴵ǱԽԽˡ
ߺǻһսƺԽԽҡ
ҶԭΪľߣȫ޷ǻһǶԿû뵽սȻ˼ҡӢ۴ĺ۷ʱڵľǰǺεȾžޣ
ʥ֮ԽԽԶֱԶһжʧ֮УҶΪţͬʱǻ֮Уѹһķŭ
ǻһ壬ǷѪծһҪѪ
ҶУ˳ޣһħһӶ
ĳϣҶҲħ˫ޣһ棬һֱѹħһ棬˷ŭʱǰԵħŻӿ
ħǵһģħһħҪǿö࣡
߸ǻһһսǱɣҶг˷ŭģֱ¶
ʥȻҪսűˣ
֮Уʥ֮УԱǾ׺嫵ա
Ҷʥ֮ţźУһ˿˿汾Դ
ǻһսǻһ岻¾Ů˺ӵĺں嫵л졣
ʱҶеİꡢ̨籡ƺҲܵҶıĬĬţеǿ߶ţǲͣţͷŶںϽҶ档
ʥ֮ȫΣôɿشţӹһƬƬ򣬾һ赲ʥ֮ǰ棬ҲǱʥֱ֮Ӻ䴩
Ҷ׼ѪɫͣϾǲĵط˵ᱻѪɫĴע⵽ôһֱʥ֮棬ں嫵ҶһֱţҪ񾳽磡
ֻдﵽ񾳽磬ܸǻһԿ

һս֮ٸ٣һƬ
ҶɡҶƽȴŻصҲҲҶǵټˣԪҲ֪ǲǱˡ
Ѱ˺ܾãȻȻ뿪ʻãã档
Ҷɣ峤һûµģҲһûµģҶƽοҶɡ
Ҷۿͨ죬һȭ˾ħ񽢵Ĳűߣʵûãʵôһ㶼ﲻҶæҶδȴʲôˣ
ҶɵĻҶƽҲѾӦҶˣ֪ʲô飬ҶǶδ㻹ţҲܿѾǻһץˡ
ҶƽߣҶâ¶һͷҪ˶ɵޡ
ȥģҶƽһ£ȻоҶĳֿµĶˣоη塣
򣡴ӽԺҶɵǻ꣬꣬٣ҲҪѪծѪҶУ˸ſµĹâ¶һɱϢ
ܵҶϵϢҶƽ
նǺοգ֮Уһͳ̾Ϣ
˭ҶɻȻһǶʱ˺ܶ࣬ããգоһɺ
һɣҶɴҶƽȣžħ񽢣׷ѰǸ֮ʻȥ
ʱɿعȥ
˻ص󣬷ѾһƬռţҲǰģ
Ҷ֮ǰ޻иǿߣյġΪ棬ǻǿʼеߣЩߵ򶨾ӡ
㣬ǸȥʵеҶˡ
ȥᣬȻǰ򣡡ͨʥʯҶţʵֵûм֤ҶͳľûܵˡҶѾǳңԶĵطˣԶһδ֪
ҶǲμӲˣȥܹõλһʶ벻ɽǽõһλıӻ
㣬ҶˣôŴۣЩǵؿ
û£Դտȥ걻٣ٸ񼶱ǿս֮µġ
ĪǾ⵽ǻһĽɱ
ʥūͣһ£ʵֵϣȴǿκζߣ֪ھôˡ
߰ɣ˿˵
ţؿһֵܶʱ⣬һжѾˡ
Ҳ뿪ǰǿա
ʱɳۡ
ںԣһжСģʱ䡣
ʱ䣬Ҳգ۶ѣգ֮䣬ǧʱܿعȥˡ
һǧʱһ˵
һǳصĶ޷׷Ѱټһһ㣬֮ͣлһһƬһƬô֮ͣţ·Զûյ㡣
һЩǿǲĴڣٶȷǳ죬ʱʧЩǸ޷׽
һЩ֣Ǵ˵ʧ˵ʥ֮
Ϣǿ߷񣬿ȻҲʥ֮ڡ˭Ҳ֪ʥ֮Ĺ켣֪ʥ֮ںδͣÿһʥ֮żչ¶μżǿߵʧ˭Ҳ֪ЩǿȥһЩȺǳӴ󣬴ﵽڵ壬һȵȡ
дԣЩ嶼ɱˡ
ǣЩ嶼ɱˣΪʲôʬ׶Ҳˣ
һǧ꣬ʥ֮е飬ÿһγֶŶ˵Ľ١
ѾʮȺȫʧټ
֮еʥ֮Ĵ˵
ǧ֮䣬ƺǳƽǻһʥһηӿսħѪɫսս֮С
⻹һԣʮλ׼ΪѰһλˣʸģǻһʥˣһθʥģʥʥѾ֪١һʥãʥΪħһѪħһ嶼֣֮ħһѪħһļλ棬ʥ񣬸ʥһ
䰵ӿ


991 
ǧ֮䣬һϵ˺˵ܿѾ׺ɣ
ǶبžԶ棬ȴҲֻһ˲顣
乲ʮСЩҲֻͳһѣ󲿷򶼻˹Ļ֮ء
ħռȺҲΪܼ
һЩ֮أʹħֻ֪ɱ¾Ѫ档
ħѪɫ֮䣬սƵħѪɫ֮䣬ƺЩӦͬлͬʱ˴֮ҲĴһЩ٣ûоϺ
ĽشǧڵľŻԿ֮
ħѪɫ֮⣬֮ҲսƵ̫ƽ
һǧʱеǿߡһǿǶأڸļзмѵţҫʻ㣬ѾԶԶˡǻĴϣǣеλ䣬ҶϹһǧʱ棬½񣬽ħѪɫϵټ壬ǻһԿš
ɽǻþ棬ϹӺһЩ˵Ƕš
ǧ֮ǰһİǣǲڴ˴ǻһ׷ɱ
ǻþʱٶȺ൱ʮһǧ൱һꡣʱٳһЩ츳޵ţ޷ġ
ЩΪͻƣﵽ񾳽磬۷壬кܶ
Ǵᣬ̳˸ѪͳܹͻƵ񾳽ҲΪ棬˾Ͳܶˡ
֮УҶɰһλΪʦҶɸոսûãҶɵʦһ峤ҵĻҶǺ츳۷ġҶƽͱȽϱˣ񾳽֮Ϊͣˣôﵽ˽񾳽磬ܴﵽ񾳽ķǳ١
Ҷܹô죬ںҶ壬ʷı仯Ҳйϵ
ҶɡҶƽеˣԭǵܹѾǳ˲ˣҶıǡ
ѪɫһϣҶңԶգվš
ǧ֮䣬ҶȻʱòľѾȫȻͬˡ
ҶɣϹõϢѾˣʵֵÿһ춼ڿ쭣Ҷû£㲻صģҶƽҶ˵
Ҷҡҡͷûеģֻ룬ҶڵЩʲôʲôʱܴɱ򣿡Ҷϣս죬һֱ
һǧ꣬壬һ죡
ǿ־ǧ꣬Ҳûһ챻ĥ
Ҷɵɨȥоǳһλһλ۷弶ǿߣλҲԶҶɡ
λһѪħһĿ䣬Ѫħһ֮һӵжʮλҲһǿ壬Ǹǻһȣѷɫܶˡ
ҶɣǸոյõϢһص򽨹ˡĿգһ淨ûһ˿ʱյ֮Ȼ˻ѡｨš
򽨹Ҷһ£ȻףʲôһطһʲôȻѡ򽨹
ȻûԸ򣬵Ͼĵؽ磬طòҪսɣ
ȥɣСһ㣬ȻԷսض򵥣ҵȫ޷򣬶Էܲ򵥣ҵΪһ壬̫֣ҶǰʱǣΣգǻ־Ԯģ
ǣҶӦ
᲻ΣգҪҪҸһȥҶƽҶʵ
ãӦòΣգҶĿ䣬ҶƽһֵĸоܸҶйأ
˵򽨹ǡҶƽüëһѵǧ֮峤һγ֣׼ǻһ忪սˣҶƽͻȻѪҸһȥɣ
ĿǰȷҵϢҶɵ׼һ£뿪Ƭôطǰˡ
硣
֮صıԵǻһĹ
ʥ֮ϣɫÿ£ոշһ飬ޱŭٵұˣ
ʥ֮һǻһʥʥѹˣҾȻˣҪٵңҪʮǿߴﵽ۷徳磬ϵΪֿٵѹơ
һֱڱѹ׷ʲôʱʵѾ׳˾˵ĳ̶ȣ
ұϣʥҲ޷޸붯֣Ǿ۷徳ʥҲȫ˵ϻܶᵽ񣬳Ϊ񣬷ȫ޷޸٣
Ǵﵽ񾳽磬ʥȫҪˣҲֻܵ汾Դ֮ѣ汾Դ
ϾҪˣȻʥȫħһͻһǼϼһҲҪˣһЩУҪٵƫƫʱٳ⣬ֱ̣
գһǧǲϵɱ壬ʽ΢ΪλܺȻʮ۷壬⾿ô£ʥÿ£ղϱ顣
ʥϢŭȥô£С˵ʥ£ҸոյõϢһ򽨹
򽨹ʥɫˣȻıԵشȻڣȻһڴ˽ս뵽ٵұϣʥɭЦ˺ܾãڰͲסҪˣҵҪмֱ£գǧһǧھŽ򣬵ģ˭ɱ⣡
ǣӦǧһѾһսбˣһʥǶˣ
ͿӴľű͵磬򿪽
ǻһɨȥǵ赲֮⡣
ĳصĽ֮Уȫ޷֪̽
ʲôȻýΧ
Ҽǵ֮ǰ淨ǱΪʲôȴܵ汾Դѵ汾Դγˣüص
޸汾Դ飬Ҳ
γˣһ˵ϵɨԼоЩԾ
ͷӵھȳȺһ㣬ǵسŲ񡢽񾳽ǿߡ


992 ǧ壡
ٶǻһľųʱǱͻȻһ۵Ĺâ
˵һһǿɢ˳ȥ
·ˡ
䣡
һ죡
ʲôǻһмըȵİ׹˲佫ǻһеǿɣɢΪҽ
ֱһʷǰıըƬҪһ㣬֮֮л̺һɾþòɢϢ
ǹɺ˵ĳλϣλʧɫըģҲԱᱻˡѵѪɫµƷ
弶ħȻǿҲȲⱬըô£
ղŵıըʲô
ֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ھţлвٽ񾳽ǿߣȫ꣡
λҲе۲ѡ
ǾɲǷҪǲŵʱӰǰ֮СӰһһŮ֮У඼ǳڡ
еɫۣĿ⣬ܹԵһƬŮԣߣһ̺Ůһɫĳȹµվ˫İ͹£Ƥ𪣬Ŷׯ۾ȴʱһĨϵơ
һһŮ֮á桢ǻһ񣬶ǸоǿĶе㲻̫һǸеģо˾һ嫵һ޷ǸŮģ̲֮ʱҪһ㡣
ȻǿΪʲô֮ǰȻȫûв
һһŮǻһǿߣӲǻһţɫƽʲô
һһŮеĽҶŮĽҶ
磬ΪʲôҪȫɵں岻Ǹ𣿡Ҷʵˮ۾ɷˡ
ѾˣҪˣҶɫƽԵøʡ
ŶҶ˵ͷǰ񣬡Ҫץ𣿡
ţҪץҶ˵ͷϣŵ汾Դ֮Ѿʼת
嵱УֻҶҶ츳ǿģӵоŵ汾Դ̨籡Ҷꡢȵȣֻ汾ԴһǧѾһڲ֮ͬ·ͨʱյ֮еĻһ֮顢汾Դ֮ȵȣǿߣֱ汾Դ
Ͽյ汾ԴҲҶͷŵģΪһ
á桢ҶҶĻȫŭȻǻһδҲ̫һ㣡
һ嫵˷Ҷȥǿߺŭһһ˿˿Уһͻֱ
֣ҶһΪ廹ǰǸĻǾʹشˣҶĳһƣһУ·̺
ڽӴҶƾ֮󣬷׷ױ顣
ãתҪ㡣
أ
һƽȴޱȰĺ󱳣оԼڱ汾Դ֮һƺ飬һ㱻һ
̫ˣ
ǿ߿Ųѷɫ۷ֻǻһļλ֮Կ
ǻһ񲻽Ȼֱֻ֣ӻһڵǿߣʲôʱôǿĴˣ
ҪͶҪ򣿡ҶӸµظǻһûκư֮ɫƽı飬ȴ͸İȻ
ǻһһۣŭһ۵һ֮У̺֮мȡ汾Դ֮Ȼ׼עһˡ
ģҶУŵ汾Դͣת
磬ɣҶָһ汾Դһ׵ǹȥ
䣡
ǶѸٵת汾Դ֮ͣ
̫ˣ
֮ôǿߴڣǧǻһȫڹ
һۡ
ߣ
׳ʿӲҶһǹˣ˴ط
ߣûôףСϣץסǣҶһ
ವһֻһֻ;޴㣬֮Уֻϰ׸ߣÿһϰףСϸСôϱˣһ볯λ˳ȥ
Χȫط޷ʩչ
أ
ֱסλλ񲻹Ǵ붼סǣסΧգȫ޷ǷŭޱȣͣСϡ
СϵûκεķƾһɹϣȻЦеӣˡ
Сϣ߰ɣҶһСϵҶһ𣬳ȥ
С۾˵Դλ񣬸Ҷĺ棬ȥ
ţ䣡
һֲıըǧǻһ⵽ҵĺһ֮ǧھűѾʣôһЩҴǱӡ
ԵشҾ޴񽢽չ¶Щ񽢸һǰӴĶˣſֲЩƣһڹܳףɢ˾ηĺɫ
ŵ񽢺ǿվڡ
Ҷǻһ²ǻ꣬Ѫɫط֣ѪɫȻЩǻ塣ҶЩǻȡѪɫطµ˿ʼо
ͬʱҶ֣Щ࣬ƺûʲô츳ǶһȴǺȤǿʼоѪɫطв˳Ϊǿʦ
Щ񽢺ǿվڱǵоɹǿվڵѪɫ弶ħҪǿö࣬׵ؿԻһţԻһ񡣶񽢣񼶱ǿҲ׽
һ񽢻ǿվڣǻȳȺһ֮ʻǰãã棬ǵĿĸء
һսĻķʼ
ҶҶСһ𣬳ķȥģһ޴ǿձΡȻͨɫޱΡ룬ЩӴ壬޴ǿձǰҲȻʧɫ
ǿձ֮Уʱи񽢽ǿձ棬һֻֻ޴ĳޣſǿձһ̨ϣһֻֻǧף飬󲿷ֶǽ񼶱ģһ񼶱ģҳϵʿػǿձݡֻǵͣ޴ǿձǰȴСͬһ㡣
Ӱһ·ǿձ˵ĸ̨ȥ


993 
ǿձݵˣһӰţźǿա
ŵ汾ԴǿձϷ֮вͣתţûʡ
ҶһǷħӡǰ
ⷽǷħӡǷħӡ
ҶѾǷħӡ۷壬ﵽǰʥܹʯΪӡӡľ硣
ӡ浽׷ӡʲôȻһգҶѾ׼ˣĿǰ̽УҶоӡӡĶܲ򵥡
ףѾǻһץˣҶҶ˵Ԫǻֻѧ״̬С죬ѾɳΪһǿˡ
ףһˣҶԱߵƽ̨һվҶһЦ껹ӤҲѾڵǿˡ
һǧ꣬Ҷʥ֮棬棬ÿһ䣬߱ˣ£ǿߡ
һǧҶ־쳽ǿ󳬳󣬳ܹԼ֮⣬ܰһЩ汾Դ
ǿߡΪҶÿ顣
һǧʱʵϵţΪ塣
ҶС춼Ѿ۷徳ˣⰢꡢ̨籡顢YʨүСȶѾǸλ񣬻ľʮһﵽλλ
òǻһսˣ˵һЩ񼴽ϢҶŴʥ֮ĻҶʥ֮ǧꡢǧ꣬ȵ㹻ʵ׻ɱʥˣŻ
ǻһ̫ǿˣ۷ǿ߾Ͳ֪жٸһǧȥǻһǿӦøˡ
һ顢һëëۡͨʨһֱ׷ԼˣҪô˷ǳߵľ磬Ϊ˽ҪôΪһҶƹܾӪء
һоȻ򣬾һ̨޴սתš
֮⣬ҶõһЩϢԪ뿪ۣħΪҶ¡ƣҶϵǣƳΪ˼֮һ䡣
֮ǰҶдеʱ򣬶û̽κθйصϢû뵽ƾȻҲ䡣ҿȷǣĳط
֪ЩʲôǲҲΪδƴӦǸһ𣬲֪ôˣϣƺܹҵ۵İ취
ƣҶûκθйصϢƷ·˼һ㡣
ʱƣ֮Ҷʥ˽ԽԽࡣһӣʥжӣǻһһ̵ŮӶϲʥֻʥһҪ𣬺˸˵ĸ顣
һˣһѡ˼ѪͳǿŮˣΪʥӣʥ麣һ塢ʮβèһ塢ʥѪһŮӣ͸ġ
ٺʥʥսΪʥ»һݣʥĴΣþѪݣƸƸ֮󣬶ǰѾһɶˡ
ʥžޣøŮҲ
ֻǣһУʷĳ֮С
ѷǵˣǸ̵ǻ꣬Ҳ֪ôˣȥ
ǰԵҶѾ޹أҶûǰЩ䣬ĸӣһһŮδиŮѾǳˡҶΨһԸֵҫɾߺǿߵԸ
С죬ڹϽҸǧھţҪ֮ڴٸ򣡡ҶһǧҶĵ֮в֪£˶ٸǿߣֱ޷ͳƣǧھţҲǼٵһֶѡ
ǣף񽢣ò꣬Ҿ͸ٸ򣡡Ҷ˵
У½ͽˣٹ£Ҫɱ򣡡ҶңԶվƺܹԼңԶ
һɱ򣿡Ҷ𾪵ؿҶ
Ҷ˵ͷ
Ҹһȥɣ
ǰǸһȥɣԱߵҶ˵Ͼǻһϳ֪жٸǿߡ
ҶЦЦҡҡͷҪʱһǹģһ˵ʵܸǻһԿǱˣǻһ棬Ҳкܶˣ½ҲѾǰΪǻһעˡ
ҶȻģǵ˵ͷ
Сϰǻһ˹
ǻһˣһ·ϵļţʵ̫ˣܼȺһ񽢣һʴľͽ棬һֻֻ޴ĽԾ˵ٶȲϵװ񽢣ÿСʱһҾ޴񽢴޵б񽢵Ķ˱װ˾޴ǿվڣЩ˴񡢽񾳽ǿߣǰãã档
ԭǵĹǻһǿ壬ǲսʤģ֮ǵ뷨ҡˡ
Ϊʲôǿô˵ĳ̶ȣ
Щ嵽Ǵðģ
̧ͷȥǿձϷ֮Уŵ汾ԴͣתţԴԴϵز汾Դ֮һǿѹѹ¡
ҶôƽվȴǼѹ
˭濴Ҷһ˿η壬Ҷϣоɽһѹ˵ʥûдӵڶǿߵϣܵ˾޴ѹ
ҽҶҶسȥһƽ˵ţҲԽңʥ
ʥ˻һһȻȫˣʥûתˣʥת˭ܽ巢չ۷Ի͵ĳ̶ȣ
һ̣Ҷߣһڡ
桢áڶ壬׵۷֮ҶڵѾǿ˷ǳ˵ĳ̶ȣֱӽȫơ
ǻû磬ٴαǹسҶϥأˣ
ǻȥɣ˵طӳȥˣҶһЩ˵Ĳ˵һȡ
桢áӦǣȻȥ
ʥӦò桢áڵ壬Ͼʥȫ֪ҶΪкáǿں֮Ϊ˵ͻƣȻΪҶǻһ嵱еĶӡ
Զһ㣬׼ƿǷħӡˣҶһС˵ͬʱѶϢݸǿձ̨顢ȡ
ףǷħӡ浽׷ӡʲôҶҶʵ
ʥԾ쳽޸ģҲ磬һָоʥһЩʲôеĴ𰸣ܿǷħӡ棡ҶĬƬ˵֮ǰÿһҪǷħӡʧˣ磬ʵǰʥѷɫˣӦÿԴǷħӡˣ


994 ޣ
ҶһǷħӡȥ
ǡһǷħӡڽܲסǿĺһ˿˿ƣءһ˷۳
һɰ嫵ǷħӡΪģɢУ̺Ũ汾Դ֮һ
ھ취棬Ҳ֮һ
Ȼӵһ˿취֮Ȼֻһ˿Ҳǳǿˡ
һ޴Ӱڿնֱա
ڳˣʥ㽫ҷӡô꣬ʸθ㣿ǿŭ쳹Ƭա
ǿѹѹ£ǿձеĸǿǶ⵽˲ЩǿձΧĳޣһ㣬׷׹Ҫȴʼղֵܵǹѹ
ǿձ֮УʮȫۼǸ޴Ӱϡ
һֻ޴ޱȵĿֲޣϳžֻͷӥצźܳβͣһ޴βǺɫƬƣŲʹâоֻͷϣл桢к硭ͬ
ϣɢĿֲϢη塣
ףʲôҶҲһ£ܿͻָ侲Ҷʵ
ֻ޴Ŀֲޣʨүʱҵģⶫƿӡӡȥˣӡ˻ȥⶫʵ̫ǿˣǷħӡ棬ҲֱӰѾˡ
Ҷͷţƽ˵һЩӡʥֻļһֻޣ˵û뵽ȻʥӡǷħӡУ
ҶĻ޲Ȼɫ䡣
ޣ

ôᱻʥӡǷħӡ棿
Ҳ֪Ҷҡҡͷ۷弶𣬼֮һôʥӡģ
ڻ޳ǷħӡʱҶоһ˿ն֮С
һɵƬ
û뵽һɵƬȻǷħӡ棡
޸ǿձݣо˶ʮϢȻӸ£ηӡ޷ǳǿͨĶ֣岻ϵر󣬸ߴףǾ޴ľŸͷǿձݡ
ôب֮У޴͸˼ѹ
ࣿˣʥҪסһ£˯֮УԶ֮Уͱʥ߶ʮһطӡǷħӡС
֮ʱһҶˣ
ǳطŭҪʥһƿǷħӡˣǷħӡƱһ޸˻ȥ֮һֱڳ˯ֱҶƿǷħӡ˳
ʥСɸҳһս޳ŭغϺڻ죬ȻҪݣ
ʮȫۼ˻ϣս졣
Ҫǿձ£ǾԲͬģ
ƾǣҲһսʥ۷ʱҲҺΣƾǼҲҶ𣿡޳ŪؿЦţһɹѹ£ʮλͣײ
жʮλ񣬸ûһ˿ѹĸо
Ҷûͷųһ֮еķɵƬ˹
ǻ޶ɵƬȻ⡣ΪܷɵҲǸͬȽ׵ĴڣοֻһƲƬ
һ̣еķɵƬһںһ𣬻һķɵ
ĿĹâӿȡ
ɵͨѪ죬Ө͸ɵ֮УȺܻ򣬷ӡڷɵ֮Уɵ̺Ũ汾Դ֮
ܷɵ
ʥܷɵݺ棬֮³ʥܵУ
ܷɵ֮һӵ޿ƥе۷徳ǿߵҲ׻ᱻܷɵұܷɵˣǺѻָġ
ҶԺƷɵע뵽ܷɵ֮С
ԭܷɵ飬һֱҶڡ
Ҷ·оʥһ˿ԺͻȻļ䡣
ʵȻǿޱȣʥ۷֮ʱҲδܹһֻͷβĺͿޣմ˯֮Сȥ֮ʱһȻں˯
ʱܶѻ޾ΪУʥǶ죬޻԰֮к˯֮ʱʥ˽ȥ߶ʮһֱӰѻ޸ӡˡ
ʥûа취޸ѱ
Ҷ΢΢һЦͷ˻ޡ
ʥ԰ջ񣬲ֻлޣһڵĻʯǿʯǳأһʱѺ֮Сʥǿʯ
ֱʥףǿŻʯʱѺ֮Уһ
浮֮һŻʯըγɵġ
ʥʯܷɵ鳹׵ںϣȻܷɵȥѰת֮
ҲΪʲôʥ޷ڵһ棬ҶȴԵԭȫΪʯҪ֪ʯǿܻһģ
ԭ
еԭ򣬶ǿŻʯΪʯҶ޳˵磡Щ壬汾Դ飡ʮλ񣬾汾Դɵģ
ѹҶں֮Ϊ츳ǣԭڴˣ
ҶһֱãʥʲôҪûи˵ڲˡԭʯǹؼڣʯܷɵҪߵȵö࣡
Ȼʯܹһµ棬˵Ҷǿʣŵ취
ϾǿŻʯѾҶΪһ壡
Ҷһ棡
Ÿ֪һǾŵ취Ҷûʲôջ񣬲һ֮ҶоԼΪ;磬һЩԵܷɵ飬ҲԼʾ˳֮⡣
޸оʲôĿҶϣҶߵǼǳϤʥʹõܷɵ
ʥĴߣʥѾˣ޷ͳŭ𣬡ȻʥôҸʥĶԹҪ޿ŭǿձѹ˹ȥ
ҶȻ۾һϬĺâֱʡ
ͻȻоһ˿Ȼĺ⣬ʱδо˵η塣
еŹ֣
ޣԸΪҵұĹ㣬ִԲ򣬽ҪˣҶƽдһ˿ɵζҶ˵ʱǿձϼʮǿվڣѾת׼˻ޡ
⼸ʮǿվڣǱͨǿվڻҪֲĶÿһη䶼Ҫȼյǣܸ
Ȼûиоκһ˿в⼸ɫĽӷ
ģô˵ˣޱŭצǿձϵҶȥ


995 ս
źХצһɹ֮м汾Դ֮ѹ¡
ǿձΪܵ޴ѹⲿǼ̵ĺϽǽǲ˰ݡ
ǻ޿ŭһ
ֲѹ֮£Ҷͷţܾŵ汾Դ߶ֳܷɵʱ׼սˡ
ŻޣҶ΢΢һǿվڣ
ʮܳǿվͬʱУǱĿĹâޱȾ޴Ĺ򣬳޺ȥ
䣡䣡䣡
Щ޴Ĺڻ޵ϣѿ޿ŭţǿվڻˣϳһƬƬڵƤ
ָǿЩ˿Ѹٵػָţ¸塣
䣡
һܼĺٴαˡ
޺ƣÿҪЩŹֵĶˣȻ޷ɱܴǳܡ޵ͨ۷ǿ߻ҪǿȴҲе㰤סЩǿվڵĺ
Ҷվڸ̨ϣֻ̧ͷţһֱûг֡
ʵڽ𳬼ǿվڵĹеҪˣʵе֣ŵ汾Դͣѹţ޷ӳȫʵȥн
Ҷ̧ͷһЦһΪжأȻҶ˽ԭҲˣɣĵطܹҰģ
еùĵĻҶĻʱŭˣҿޣʲôǼ壿ȻҲң
࣬ȻңҪ壡ŭţٴθľŸͷ˵桢磬һغ
磡Ҷƽ
ǿձ϶ʱһ͸ķ磬أЩ桢ڽ֮󣬷׷ɢ
ʲô磬Ȼǿ
ǿձϵĽþŵ汾ԴɵģҪȻûô򵥡
𾪣ЩǿվٴζԻ޽һֺ
ޱĥÿҪˣܼڻУ޷ǿձݣ˵ǿվ޷ɱܵҲָܻܿÿһλָȻҪ
磬޵ʵҪǿö࣬ʥѻ޷ӡǷħӡ棬磬֮Уûеõκβ䣬Ѿĵ÷ǳˣֲϵرģʵ۷ʱֻҡ
󣡡Ҷһ
ҶڣĶʮǿͻȻ֮УΧм䣬ǽ󷨣档
һ汾Դ򳯻޺ȥ
أ
Щ汾Դڻϣʱʹط
壬̫ˣһһŭЩ̫թˣǹŹֵĶĵʵôΧһ
ԭ޶ԼʵоŵģʵֻҪһѹЩ塣û뵽ǣЩǿʵ̫ŹˣһϾȻЯ汾ԴȻǺ취򣬸취һεģܲסԷడ
ιͷ棬˵Ҫ㵥𣿲Լ˵Ҫѹ𣿡ҶЦЦؿŻޣĳЩ棬ҶΪƣǾǱĽƻ֣ŲʲôֶΣӮ
Ȼ˳ƺͷ棡
ǻޣȻ˵Ǿͷ棬СŭţҶȥֻҶеĺӰ֮һնȥĺӰ֮նʮ׵Ľ̺žŵԴ֮
ҶѾ춦ĺӰ֮飬˱ԴĺӰ֮
䣡
޵צҶĽϣһޱ˼
ҶҲ˼ֻսʢ
Ҷ֮󣬻޷֣ҶʵڵȻѷɫǵ۷ʱ򣬻޾ԼѹҶӦûʲôģڵʵĵѾǳˣƸҶѷֳʤ
ΧôҪǴȥӵҲض䣡
ͷ棬һܣҶĺӰ֮޳ȥ
أ
ҶҲûа취ֻӭսһҵĻս
ҶһԾؿţûг֣СʵԿڵĻȫûʲôˡ
֮бһҵĴս
۷徳ǿߵĶԿһʱ޷ֳʤ
ʱıԵ
ҶɴѪɫִ򣬿һҸħ񽢲Ⱥһ㣬ȥ
һɨɨЩȻкܶǿߣжʱޱȼ
Ҷû
һǧˣܿҶˣ
Ҷȥ
ҶɣˣҶ
ǵģҶ磬ңҶۿ΢죬ôˣֵܹٴξףе˷ƣһ·ȥ
һ·ϣţоޱȵ𺳡Ⱥһ񽢣˺ܶ𺳶һЩ΢Сû˲ȴԼĻеԲ񽢺ǿվڵľ޴󹤳иĽ磬񾳽ǿҲ޷׻
ķֱͬͰһ㣡
ѹҶｨٶľŹҲֻ
Ҷһ·ȥ
Ҷɣû뵽Ҳ񾳽ˣ츳л۷壡Ҷ˹
ţҶ壡ҶЦŵͷûҶ壬޷ﵽڵĳɾͣҶ壬ΪԽԽоҶޱȣ̲˸淨
һЩã츳ҲֱӵĹϵֵٴξף嵱ˣҶ緢ص
嵱ˣ仰֮Ҷĳȣþòƽ
ǶԸ
ִģҶɷ֣һӰһֻͷ޼ҵսţ˵ĳҶһģӡġ
ҶɣҶҶ֮󣬶Ҷ֡
ҶѸٵ˹ȥҶߣ˿Ҷֿ˿ҶʵǸС죬ҶŮҶɹ۲񣬲ҿԲҶҶϣҶĴС
ǵģҶ΢΢һЦҶɵļҪûޣ϶ҪҶɺú
޸Ҷս˺ܾãʼûзֳʤϵ汾Դ֮Ѿĵ÷ǳˣûдأԷһǳơ
ܷɵ֮⣬Ҷ߸ֳ춦ʥ֮سǰɳ
С죬°ɣҶ
ţС컹δأҶĻ֮һ¡
ɣǸưЩ׼гս
ҶǰĻޣƽصޣ۷ʱܶԿһʥٸһͶĻᣬĻݹҲˣܷɵʥ֮춦Ϣͬʱɢ


996 
һʥ춦ʥ֮
ţļֱҪˡ
ֻһ޾ԼܹԸģܹƿսĹض̫ܡֶʥûʲôʤˡ
˵УҶʵǿģĿǰΪֹҶûг֣ҲоҶΪôһҶоЩˣοӵһʥҶˡ
ȥض䣡
ΪǷǳ߰ģһ޲еκ裬оǳҫһ࣬δе㲻ġ
תһ£ãҿͶܸʲôô
ôûУҶüЦЦصôǿԵҵ
ƿڴǲٵҶΪԼ˭뵱һԼͶȥҶȻʲôôôȵľ޼ֱ޲ðҶʮ˴ͳͳ˺ˣ
Ҷɫƽسȥ
Ҷ޵ʱͻȻϺڻ죬һ޴ĺɫƾճ֣Ҷ档
ףСģ
峤Сģ
˷׷׳֣ҪҶ
Ƕֵһ̣ס޵ķһ˿
ڣ
ͻȻʩչ˴طಡһһ⡣
һ̣ѾһƬ֮УΧһƬԶԿһЩ塣Ѿ֪ȥˡ
Ȼô׾ͱƭˣǻۻ治ô޵ǷӵøϽ򣬻ָʵӻָʵٻʰǣ
ޣ㣬׼ôصأʱҶϷʵȻ˹
ҶȻһɿػܣĪҶط׷ˣоΧҶϢ
ಣಣಣ
޲ͣʩչط֮вͣԾ֣ÿһζطʩչ
ֵܿһƬա
׷˰ɣ޺ߺصôδطҶǿҲ׷
䣬ҶЦʹĶ
ˣ޼ֱˣôδطȻ޷ҶҶʲô
ͻȻ֮䣬޺Ȼʲô鿴Χ⾿
ڷˣ㲻ҵѡ
磿ܣô壿סңץصסʱշ򹹳ɵ磬ôһа취ƣƬ磡
ⲻ磬һʵ磡Ҷƽ˵ȻʱҲûвˣ
͵Ϯʱµ壡ƵصΪôƭأû뵽ôɣһͷ˽ԭĻǲмƵģҶʵ̫թˣΪܹѣһʱ˷ܳͷ
ҵ棬ܴҵķ򣬲ȻĻȥʵԶԶһҲûãٲͶͱҲˣҶһ
Ȼһʵ磬ҾʹʵôˣҺΣһָ۷ʱڵΪٴķ򣡡޺ߺһȻһʵ磬汾Դ֮ҲǳŨֱΪָ
ܵǲĵˣȻˣҾķڷҴģйƶһףΪ汾Դ֮𣿡ҶЦһ˵䣬Χ汾Դ֮˲䱻ա
ȫûκĴգܹϵɢͲˣҪָΪǸܵġ
Ҷ˵۷ʱڣҲδҵĶ֣ҵﲢû㡣ҳϣЩܴȴ޷շ㡣ôضֻܳΪҵ
ڳԣҵҪҪôշӣ޺ŭǴʱеףҪѾǳˡ
һʵ磬ޱߣʩչط޷ȥ棬ҶֻҪṩκʵԶ޷ָԽԽ
ֻסҲͰˣһˣҶԲʱؽóսʵȻУ
ûޣݺ꣬ȻһҲİ챯зջǵ˸߰ͷ­ðɣˣ
ףٵֿȥҲģٲҲֻ


997 ʹ
Ҷ˵֮УֱŻޣ߶壬ʼûںϡ
ȻƣҲֻܹԹԵؽܣںҶ塣
Ҷշ֮Ҷţ̤˽̣񽢣ʻңԶǿա
ʱһ棬һ˵ִΧ
ܹʮǿߣϣͷһ۷ǿߡ
д룬һ˴ңԶĻڵִ
˵ˣһҪһ㣬Ǵӻ׼ģ֮һңԶĻڻǱߣṲӵʮأһӵš
ʱӦһ۾ӵˡ
˵⼸䣬һƬضûУΪҪԽݣһ񲻽˵мֿһֱڻǿӦǿһˡ
˵ʵӦҲ̸ġȻǵ̬Ҳ̫ȻǻΪʾ˵ǣͶˣ˵ǣǾ͸̸ϸڣ罻Դһ𹥻ȵȣ˵ʵҲһЩġ
ڻ󣬾Ѫͳط˻һ츳ߣѾ񾳽ˣǿߣӵ˻һ⻹ǿߣʵֵﵽ֮УǧŵĹ仹óݣ
λ䣬ܹ˿⣿
ǰݣѾǿˣ
ĵĸ߰һ׼
ʲôˣҴ򣿡ʱ֮ѹɨ
Ȼ
һݣ⼸λ֪ʲô·˵ԻҼ֮һ˭û䣿Ҵ˵ź
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ǸɣǴȥҼˣһ˵
ǰ·Ŵӡ
֪λγƺʲôְλ̽ѯʵΪӦĳλ˰ɡ
ְλֻǼѲߵģһЦЦ˵ǸѲ߽磡
λôֻѲߵģλ˵ЦˣǺһЦȴǸ̲ѣѲߣװİɣ
أϾҪˣһҾ޴񽢣֮д
ʲô񽢣𾪵ʵ񽢸оȾħ񽢻ҪӴĸ󷨸ħҲǽȻͬ
񽢣Աߵ˵Ѿֲˡ
һ·ӣһҾ޴񽢴ӹ˾нһ㣬ޱ𾪡ǰһʵ̫ˣͬʱ֮вʱһȺȺǿӹ󲿷ֶǽϵģв񼶱ġ
ոձǻһûãôô񡢽̫ϳˣܹ֮񡢽񾳽磬Ϊӵ˻һٵѹƣЩǿô£
һ·ϣǸо𺳣֮ǰָ̬߰ѾȻ޴棬ԵСԭΪһ֮ѾǷǳǿĴˣֱŷ֣ԭѾǿ˾˵ĳ̶ȣǸ
ƫԶĻǳգ˽ⲻ࣬ҲΪȻʮС֮ŷ֣ԭѾ˾˵ĳ̶ȡ
˵ʱ̬ԽԽǫ֮ǰǼڳԵҲԵС˵ˡ
λĴ£һ˳ǿձȥ
ǿձݵĶˣһֻޱȾ޴ľͷޣǵ֮ڣȻĲŵôȶˡһܹԿģ
ֻޣһ񼶵Ĵڣ
ֻͷϣһӰȻȻֻôƽվȴһֺƵɢ
λͣУͷǸӰңңݡ
ˣм˹˵ǻ£ǰݼˣһ
Ҷһɨ˸оǹɺ嫵ŵøϽͨһˡ
ݼ£ǻ£ҪתҼµĽ֮⣡ӲͷƤ˵оҶΪǿޱȣ֮ϣ֮⣬ֻµޡһ棬ʵҪ̫̫ˡ
죬ˣȻ
ûҶʵ
ǵġнп಻λһλǿߣ֪ĻҪԹŲʧ֪λǿûﲻǿ϶İɡҶŭһ֣͵Զʧ֮УҴҼ˵ţֻӲͷƤ˵ˣҪ½ˣǻһս
ҾͲؿˣʱգ׼ǰսʥתˣԸұɣҶ˵㽫ƿˡ
һѾ亹ʪ͸ˣȫû뵽λȻһλ۷弶ǿߣ˻Ҫǿö࣬еңҿҶûš֪Լ˵Ƣԣʮְ֪Էһλ۷ǿߵ£ض˵һЩ˵ĻʱǾͱ뿪ˡ
λȻҪɱսʥǶǿ߶飡һؿһҶԭһλ۷Ĵڣ
λȻˣǾذɣԱ˵
лλǰ·Ͻǫ˵λĴ뿪ˣһ飬Ҫѯλǰλǰ˵ǣ
ʥһ񽾰˵
ͫȻпЦѹˣԭʥҶǰսʥ飬ҲûٻˡǼԴӽ֮ǵӶûˣһ仰û˵
ͷȥԭһλʥֲʵǿ
޳嫵շȥǸڻͷϵӰԶȥʧˡ
磬ǻһʥ֮С
ʲôǴȥľȫûˣ֮ϵʥĻ㱨ءһе񱭣ô£
ʥ֮Уλ۷弶ǿߣ˴ط棡湧˵һµ顣
۷壿ôܣʥĿ֮Уէ֣ȷ


998 
ȷɣҵ֪ǣƶ˵Ȼ˵ѣľ޲˵ʵһ㡣
֮УȻô۷徳ǿߣʥ˫ü˼֮УĪǵʥûֱʵ׳
ʥԽԽĿܣʥǼˣ
ʥˣҾĳЩıһ֮һĻĻӰһҾ޴񽢡ƵǿձݡĪĽܣԼսľ޴һжǵ֪֮⣬һУǿҪ½ȥһǻһطǾܲ
ЩӰʥüȻʶԨҲδЩʵоļɵ
ʥ£ϾҪΪѰҼˣֻҪʥµõô˭ʥµĶ֣ʥǧҪǰ½磬ȦףĵȰ
Ļʥüͷøˡ
ȷʵȫǺܿͻΪѰһλ̳ˣֻҪᵽôڲ֮أٶ۷ǿҲ޷ƥУ
ȥɣоϣʥڰֵĿǷǿ󣿵ʥǷڣ·һĶԾ
乲ʮѾάǧ꣬һЩǴоԶѾ֪ǵ״˶á
ƾùϵʷУкܶǿͼǶʧˡ
ЩԺĴڣ֮սһЩһ£߼壬ͨҲн
Ȼ£ͻȻ𾪵һ顣
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еϵǣ彨֮ĵһ飬Ȼս
ǿұǿ壬ǻһ֧֣˶Ϊɣ
Ŀ⣬ȫ۽
һ޴ĳѨһӿսͬʱͻȻޣĸطʼģعľš
˶о𾪵ǣ֮ͨ⣬Щ֮оȻкܶഫ˵ʧ˺ܾõĻƽޣ
ƽеĻ壬ںܾúܾ֮ǰǻһһδսʱ򣬾ѾˣҲҲһֻƽĸʣͨƽҲ޼û뵽ڻƽȺͻȻٶȳ֣Ϊĸ壡
Ҷ֮дÿһ򣬾ͻӵͷųһľţŵĿǸ
һһţĸ֣ս֮С
ҶǴӴһ·ɨÿִһƬֱӽӹܡ
սսļҳ̶Զ
ħѪɫȸһЩĦҲʼû٣
ʮи䡢߲㡢Ƕ۷׷ףȫû뵽һСС壬Ȼ޼ɵعƫƫеƣмܵӡ
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ڡǧڼսϵرǻҵս
ԴԴǿվڵĺ쳹һǻһľ
񽢡ǿվڡޡľţû뵽ĹȻңвĲݵơ
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Ľޱߣ壬ٸ壬ĸӹ壬Щӹ嶼ҵĹǿվڵûĸԵֵ
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εԽԽ࣬ʥЩһ塣
֮˭սȫȻģ۷ǿߣҲᵣı˰㡣ҶյЩʵе㲻
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ҶµĲӣӷؽֱƽ޾ź񽢾ŹĶǣǻһĹǣѾת뿪ˡ
Ϣ֮ȫԾѣǻһ峷Ĺ壬ǲζǻһˣ
Ϣĸ߲ޱ𾪣


999 ս
ˣȻܱսҲϣǺκһ¹Ķǣ
ĶǶǻһ˵޹ؽҪǶĸ˵ȴش
ǻһǿ壬ʲôʱԹĿ
翴ǻһˣ
ǻһ嵽ʲô壬ǻһʥ¹ģֻһˣǾʥ
ĪʥڣЩ궼֮Уǿߣֱ죬Ŷǻһӭͷʹ
ܿأʥϢ档
ǿ߶ȴһܹѹùǻһʥֱʥ֣ܸʥһϸ¡
ʥ˭ǻһʥ˾η
ȻĶǣҪռȫûмʮϰǲܵģĽʵ̫ˡ
һжҪˣ͸Ķǣ
ǻһѹ壬׷ǲʹߣǰݼҶһҲʾԸһԿǻһ壬ħѪħȼǿ壬Ҳʾǻһʱ˫ܹ
ŹĶǣѾʵ
߼壬Ҳʹǰʾá
ҶЩʹԼ˼ʱսǻһʥЩ嶼ܹһ֮
ʱʥսǻһʥ
ô꣬ⳡ֮սƺҪʼˡ
Щ嶼ʾ֧壬ΪǻһʥõδǾûкӹȻҲϣʥõ񣬵ܹսʥģֻʥˡ
ϣ͸һǻһʥʥٴܾˣҪġ
ȻҲҪһԿǻһ壬Ϊǻһ̫ǿˡ
ʥ֮ԻܣܴһԭΪңʥ룬֧֣ˣʥƾܷɵǻһʥˡֱһ̣ЩǲϿʥʵ
ʥ֮ҲʮְûڣǼᶨ֧ʥ˵ܹƷǻһİȨô˾ͶкӹˡֻϧǴǸᣬһΣʥϢһĵ𶯿֪
ΨһһܹƷǻһȨĻᣬǾԲܴ
Ҷ֮ƣŹǣҲĿġ幥ǣǻһʵȷʵû̫Ӱ죬ڵȴǷͬ죡
ǻһĵжʵ̫ˣкܶ඼壬ЩѹԼʵһֱ߼壬ΪףһҪ߼壬ͻܵǻһѹЩһһǻһŲ֮ǻһǿʱǲôֻһôһ˿ǻһϣǾͻԥǻһƴɱ
ҶҪľǣЩģŴĶǣǻһûҿȴѶĹȫˣ⴫һźţǾǻһη壡
һźţ˲Щء˺ܾõҲͲסˣпΨһϣ
ҪǵʥôǾҲûлˣпܻᱻ壡
Ƿ׷վ׼ϡ
Щǿȫһٶеģ۷Ҳв١㵽۷壬ܹʸսʥģҲȼ
磬ǻʥ֮С
һ嫵ǻʥ
ʥף·Ÿǿߣڸ䡣
ǻһ塢һ塢һ塢ĺһ塢һ塢һ塢һ塭
ٸۡ
ǻһ塢һ塢ͽһΪǿʢ߼壬⻹ʮԼϰٸ弶塣
ǻһʥ֮⣬ԽһĽʥʺͽһʥʣҲȨ󳬼ǿߡ
ǡ䣬Ҳ֪ˣʥϢʥĿɨʥʺʥʣʥʵҲϣܰǣʥõ񣬱ضٲǺôٸÿһΣ
ʥĿ֮Уһ޲ĹâЦһһеƾʥԸֻҪʥһ仰ҽһȫʥ񣡡
ͽһҲǣʥҲûгɵ˵
ãֵܣ󣬲ʥЦʢľƱҾλֵһ
ãɣ
ɣ
ʥʺʥҲƱ
߼ϣ쵼ٸ壬񼶵ǿߣа˾Űٸ֮࣬ﵽ۷ĸǿߣҲʮһͳ
崦۷壬Ҫ߼ʱҲǱ߼ѹ
ô꣬ʥһεؽټ
ǻʥ;
ʮλ׼ΪѰҼߵϢ档
飬ڵȴյĹ
ӿսҲøƵ˴֮䰵Ҫʵ̫ˡ
ʥǻ֮⣬һЩ֮䣬ҲˣħѪħһ塢硢ȼ崴ʥħˣȻҲǿܹǻ˿⡣
ʹħħħˣǱԵҲһЩ񼶱ǿߣҪ
ңԶĺڰ߽硢ԨڶĪĵطһЩ񼶵ǿҲ
⻹һ壬һǳص壬浮֮һЩǳ׽ӵзǳص
Щеǿ߱ҲͲסˡ
Ĺʢʹ
Щ֮⣬оͻȻˡ
һЩ彫᲻һȥᣬʬҲϧ
˶ţƵصȴš
ǣץʱȴһ̵ĵȻûѾս𲻶ˡʱ飬սȥ
ں˵ǧڣ޷һ˿
ʷⲻϵɱ֮Уһƽ
ǶڵȴһָӲпɱʱ֪ж䣬Ҳ̤ʬǣΪ񼶵ĴڣִȨλ
Ȼƽ񼴽ֵϢе˵£е˵꣬һֱûж
¾š
ֱһ죬ͻȻ𶯣ʮߵ汾Դͬʱ֣ϼ⣬޾档
еıԴӿ
е飬ȫ궯ˡ
Ҫˣ
ǿգһɹս⣬ֱ
֪Ҳǿ߷ܲ飬ΪǴ壬ɹ


1000 
ϼ⣬ÿһƬմޱѤĿ
֮սϾҪʼ
ಣһһӰĵطϼ֮С
ЩӰĸ򣬻յء
ģĪ
֮Ӱ𣬽ϼ֮С
ϼ֮УȴһƬ޾ڰգʮλ񿪱ٳ硣
ʮλûǵȴﵽƬÿһ䡣
һֺϵƬ֮ׯ£һ˿Ͳ
浮֮ʮλִ汾ԴÿһֻأһλȥȻһ񱻺̳Сµ˭񣬱һλ񣡡
յĶˣֳһöɫľ壬Թɣ̺֮֮âҫ֮УƬն̺һ汾Դ֮
ֻǿ߲ʸãʵǿǿнֻĺ֮ǰļᣬѾ˳Թˣ
ǿ߲˵ꡣ
Ϊ˶ȡʥʥǿ߶ԾܾˣмҪ񣬽ȼն
ʵȴǿǼΣյľٶ
ֻе֮еǿߣʸ
ǿ֮䱬˻ս˶ˣҲûгܹѹȺ۵ǿߣʮλֻûʱ
ʮλû֮ǿ߷ͣʵΪ˽һսܹӱѹȺۣ
һǿߣԶϴҪö࣬ʵҲǿ
һӰ֮Уٶ񼶱ǿߡ
ЩһȺȺؾۼһ
ǻˡʥħˡħ˻иǿǣ˴˻ս졣
ǻ˵ǰλ߼ϴʥʥʡʥʣϹâĿеĺһ㣬졣
ʥħ˵ǰʮλ䣬ħһλ桢Ѫħ硢󡢳䡣
ħԼһЩߣҲв۷弶Ĵڡ
еǿ߶ˡ
ʥħ֮УҶϹҲˣǱ˴˶ӣ֮ж¶ĵ⣬ڹϣǲû׼˶Թ˼ͬһ֮С
ǵĶԹԺٽôģ壡ϹԶնҶ
ãҶԥشӦ
ҶһӰնǴԪ뿪ۣҶĿУ֪ҶϹ˵Ĺϵԭˣһ˵ķѣͬʱʶ
ǳǿ˭ҲʶڶԷս
ЩԶĹȥѾʷĺ֮У˭Ҳ֪䷢ٲֻۣ֪ҶɱϹ׽ˣ˫֮Ѫ
һжҪˣҪǣõ
ǶˣֻҪһǿߵõǾ͹ˣ
йĶԹǰԵ޹ؽҪˡ
⣬ᡢڤԴһЩǿߣҲˣǻЩ֮УĿƵضն˵
ᣬϾҪʼˣ
ʱ档
Ǿ޴ɵǻһפصϿգڻ޵ͷҶ׿Ȼ
ǿߵѹ¡
ǻһޱߵĻ֮УǻһפУ񼶱ǿ߶Ѿ뿪ǰȥˣפ֮ΪߵҲֻѡ
ǻһ崫оԶפ֮Щкܶ඼ǿԳ񼶱ĴڣֻڣûͻƵ񾳽ѡ
ǻһʥɱǿߣõȫǱֶΣһһǻһţȫˣҶ˫Ŀбɱ⣬һǻһפؾȥ
ǻһ壬ʵеһڣţǿߣǻһɱСһʢ鲼壬ޣܲ
ȻǻһűǻפУһûУôҶһ۷弶ǿ߶Կ
Щ񡢽ǵҶ֮󣬷׷ܣǱҶ屻˵֮С
ҶԼѾ御ˣٸǻһһ·ûʥɱ
ǻפϳźܶǻһֱҶ˵֮УһֱӱҶݻˡ
ʱһҶϡ
Ҷһһǻһûߣ
ҶĿ⳯ԶȥֻһͷϷŮӣվһߵǻϣŮӵļϣվһֻƴСӡ
㣿ҶһüͷʶŮˣʶŮ˼ϵС⨡
Ůӵĳ࣬ȴһϤС
ŮӳǰǻһפУޱ߼ʵǻƬƬҶߣкܶǱҶֱӻٵֻʣļǻ
̾Ϣһ飬ǻһɱô壬ҲӦðɡ̧ͷҶ˵⼸ǻɷ£
Ůˣ̣
Ҷ̣Ŀԣ̵̫䣬̫ĸ飬ҶЩ⣬ȴһĪ˸С
ĬƬ̣ͷã
ȻǻһģҶȴоһ˿ϤУǰǻŮӣӦһЩԨԴĿ֮ҶӦˡ
ǻһ廹Ҫ׷ɱ壬ҶضὫʣµļǻҲȥ
̵Ŀ⣬һߴǻϣǻǻһʥ
ʥλ֮ʱΪǻɷǻǻľø߸
һӣһǿǻ˹ȥ
¡
ɲǼ䣬ǻ̺ûҷ
ӵ˻޵ıϣҶ߰ɣ
Ҷ˵ͷӦöѾˣͲˣ
շ𣬳еϼȥ
֮УҶҶꡢ̨籵Ҷҵռһ䡣
սʼǻǰʥͻȻоʲô
ǻ
ʥɫ䣬ɲǻһפرһˣ
ɶ񣡡ʥŭҧȻ˸Ҷǻһ飬ֱˡ
ʥϣȼųʢŭͻȻоʲôޱȣɱ񣬳Զȥ
Ƭľͷһֻ޴Ļޣ磬ڻ޵ͷϣӰ׿Ȼ
ţȻǻޣ
Ļޣ
޾Ȼˣ
мλǿޣ֮󣬻ޱʧˣһֱڲ²ȥû뵽ٴγֵʱ򣬾ȻѾĳǿߵ
ͷǿߣʲôݣ


1001 ս
ܿأϢ㴫˳ڻϵģʥ
ʥǿǵ˼
ⳡսҪ˵˭ܹѹȺ۵ĻǻһʥĪˡǿУû˭ʥԿ
ʥһ֣ǾͲһˡ
ʥΨһһǻһʥˣ
۷ǿߵԾʲôĽ
ǳҶȥҶĳЩ̫һ˶֣ʥֲΣټ򵥲ˡҶվڻϵľˣ޶¡
Ҷʵƺȵ껹Ҫǿʢ˻ֻ־ڱص˰ɣ
ʥĿҶ̵ϣŭü
Ϊոոоǻˡǻܹʮǻ꣬ʥɱʮΪǻһǿĴڣʥȻп飬ǻôһЩġ
ΪǻʥǻЩǻľԽԽ׳ǻʱʱΪṩҶȴˣ
Ҷ̴ǻһפعôǻһפغܿѾ
ǲ֮
ʥкâ˸ᵽ񣬱ضҪ׻壬һ
֮УǸׯµٶ
Ѿˣôʼɣ˭ܶᵽ񣬲ںϣδˣ
Ƕоʮλעǡ
Ǳ˴˿һۣಣһӰ綥˼ȥ
ǡ䣬ǵסʥҶᵽ񣬲ǽһ廹ͽһ壬ضٹɣʥȵҲȥٶȿ衣
ʥʺʥһۣǽʥ
һ֣Ҫᵽȴһ硣
񼶵ħͼȾָʥһʥѪսƾճ֣һꪻӳۡħ˲һƬѪӰ
أʥ磬һЩ
Ķˣ·֪жԶ䲻֪жٲ硣
ֹõ񣡡
ħһǿǴţ׷׳ʥɱȥ
ǻһҲ׷׳ء
Ƭ֮зһսսһ
ʥ磬Щǳǿ󣬱ϴε绹Ҫǿö࣬ҪƳҪܳʱ䣬ʱ˭õʥʥѪսɱۣħǿ߱ʥնɱ
ʥʵǿʥѪսꪣҡ
ûһǿܹʥԿ
ħһ滹Ѫħ泯ʥΧȥҪǣסʥֻʥЦһһꪻ£ۡһѪħ汻նһֱۡ
ʥϽɣƵɨ
ǿѹǿߵʥѾָ۷ʱڵ״̬۷ʱй֮
˻ս֮С
塢һǿȫҶ
峤ӦȶԸ˭
Ӧô
ħѪħɱǻһ塢һ廹ͽһģҶ˵޳ʥȥ

ţӶצʥץȥ
䣡
ʥʥѪսꪸס˻޵Ĺһꪷն˻޵ϡ
أ
䣬޻
ʥʥѪսꪣҶЦܹҲֻѣ۷Σ
ҶüͷʥʵлҪǿܶ࣬ʥضҲĳǿĹ
ʥйâ˶Ʈܷ·
Ҷüʥģʲô
֣֮жѣȻ˫ûʲôǱ˴֮ѾڼҵضԿˡ
ּĶԾһ˿ģͻᱻԷɱ
·֮ɱޱȡ
ʥ̧ͷһͷգҶʥˣѾ˼ҵĽ֮У΢΢һҪģ
ʥʺʥһۣǶһĨȻЦ⡣
һ塢ͽһͻȻ𣬿ʼ˷ɱ¾ǻɱĶ廹ʥħ˵Ļһ塢һ塢һԼħǱߵħһҲͻȻعǻ˵ǻһ塣
սһƬң˭Ҳֲʲô״
ĸףе㲻ԣҶսеŹ֣˵ҶѸٵغ󳷡
̨籵Ҳһüͷ׷׺ˡ
ս̫ˣѿʲô廹ŽһҵĹһ۷ǿΧҶȫѲ
ʥӹսע⵽ߵ壬ͻȻһֲֻĽǾޣҶ
Ц嵱УʥҲڶǿߣʥʺЦ¡
Զ֮е׼֣ȴһӰͻȻᵵס˽ʥʣ˫ֲͣؽӡƾ۳һޱȾ޴ĵӡʥʺȥ
䣡
ʥʵ˶١
˭˵֮УҲڶǿߣǸӰһѪħһеϹ
ʥһüͷоϹʵҲǳǿ֪ʲôط
ߣڳԣƾҲңʥʻצϹȥ
̿һĻһüͷϹʵȻǿʥʻǲһЩʥݺ꣬ʵȻѷɫǻһʥʥҪɱʥʣҲǷǳѵģΪһΪǿҽʥʻһʥ
С⨣ȥ˵
֨֨С˷ܵؽ˼ԾͻȻ׸ߵľ޴⨺еڤҲޱȾ޴һӳʥ
أ
ʥʱСҵõ˼ŭһС
Сܡ
С⨵ʵǳǿϹס˽ʥʡ
Ȼʥʵʵ̫ǿˡ
嶼ɱۣȸǻһг壬ǻһ壬ǻһǿɱһ
ЩĻս֮УһӰٵһֻͨۺ졢һⱦڸǿߵߴ󣬲ʱشЩǿϹһЩ
ٺ٣ֵطôٵغߺ̧ͷһе۷⣬ˮֱǴ˵е񣬲ֵ֪Ǯôˣ
ǿ߻ս֮ʱһЩħϵƿ·磬ƿķʽǳرſͽɡ̺Щħ̽ڡ
һȥ壡һǻһһǿΧ˹ȥ
ɱǿߣҶضңʱ˵һʧ־ͱʥɱˣ
ʱͻȻ֣ǡ
̣һüͷ
գּˣնƽؿյ


1002 ֮·
̣ǻһеһԱҿԷŹ㡣ǻһĹؼʱ̣һҪңͱҲˣճȵһ̡
õʥԸõģǻһ壡һܵɫת
䣡
ǵͣضײš
ƬգǵļսԽԽҡ
Ա֮Уһ֧ͻȻɱЩ˴ɫۣʵҲǷǳǿ۷弶ǿߡ
Ԫ뿪ƣУ
ǹϵһ壬Ǵ浮֮Ѿˣʵǳǿ󣬲ʥӵһʱ͸żԨԴһǾ쳽ػߣ
һĴ˵ԨԴγص壬ǿ֮ΪܴʹһΪ׷ɱĶһһֱֱ֣ǲų
̧ͷȥжѵҶʥ
Ѿ֪ǰһУЩʥйľǸӣ֪ҶЩܿϵӣһУΪ̵ļ䡣
ڸĻս֮УΪƵĹϵ塢һһߵһһ岫ɱ
Ǳ˴˼Ҳɱʱ綥˵ڷ䣬һɹɫ⣬˷䣬Ƭ硣
˶¶˲֮ɫʲô飿
ǻһ塢һȼǷ׷¶˾ݡ
֮·
֮·ˣ
ǻ̻󲻽⣬ʲô֮·
֮·Ĵ˵ֻǻһ塢һȹмأ˵е飬
йİ壬ȫ֮С
Ҳζƿ飡
֮·ӰģЩ񣬻Ӱ棬飬ʱвȥֻе壬мȥ
һµֻأ
ֻأ
ֻмǧ֮һڷ֮һ飬ܻȥ
ȻҲѵ֮·
ѤõɫâƬ磬Ȼ˷潥ɫĹâ⡣
֮·Ŀζսᣬһµ㡣
Щ֪֮·ֲǣ¶˾飬ȻоΪҲֵסֻ֮˥ˡ
ǵĳͷһǻһ
սеһǷ׷˿Լվһоɲ
֮·ǰǿ
ֹ̰ȡյõĳͷ
ǵ죬Ҫһջˣ
Ȼ绪ҲҪ֮·ȥ
֮·껪սȥǷǳɰתͷա֮·һ˿ֹһһǿ߷һĸп̾Ϣķŭǣȴ˴ɱ¾ȡ
ҶʥڲͣضԿţҲо棬ǹɿֲк£Ὣеɣ
Ҷо֮·ǰӿĹüͷϽס񣬺ǳأһжҶѸٵջ
ʥоҶʱ׷ĺʱ򣬲û׷ҶҲ
ͬʱҶʥ⣬綥˵ȥ
Ҫƿ񣬲ֹ֮·Ŀ
أ
һ类ƿ
ҶʥȻű˴ˣǶûгֹԷ
ԽǽӽԽǸо̺ŵĺ
ϵѹ£Ҷʥ޷ٿ֡
һɹɷ赲סҶʥ
ҲţʥһӢۣ֮·ʥŭţӶʥѪսꪣһꪳϷȥ
ʱҶҲ˾ŵ򣬾ۼܷɵ֮Уಡһܷɵ
䣡
һɹǿϡ
һɶ׵ؽͨ۷ǿѹƬǵϣȴûһ˿ҡ
ûõģոյʱ򣬲зǿģܣıϣϲе֮ϣüǿǵȻǿȴвȫһһ˵Ǵһֵ֮·ʼģǸлԶˡ
ѵûа취Ҷ֣Ͽյʵ̫ǿˣ޷ͻƣ֮·ڳڵڷɿš
Ҳ޷ֵˡ
Ǹ߿ʥȻ˵ʥǻһһǿɱ壬ʱգҲ޷ѽսҷҳһȥ˷䣬֮·Ժǻһ壡
Ϲ˵ʲôʥŭѣʥѪսꪳǸն£ȥɣ
ǣʥѪսǸһߵֱӴ
Ǹһߵ壬꣬ϵɢ
Ҵһֵ֮·ڣѾߵ˾ͷپһ֮·ˡһߵ΢ЦţڲϵɢΪ˵һ֮·ǿߡ
ϣ
ϣһļǿǷ׷׷֮
һѾ̫̫ˣѾ˼ޣԸ޷ֵ֮·ʴ
ʱڷ췭ظľ䡣
ǿʵǿʱֵܹ֮·ʴЩͨ飬ȴѾֵˡ
ƵѪɫħ
ÿһÿһ붼ȥ
ЩΪģΪǿģһ鶼޷ֵ֮·Ϯ
ħͨħ˻ҽǾһ㣬ɢħӴħȫ߽⣬ħĵŭţ֮·ȻؽǴߡ
һϣһħ˾۾ӵĵط
ۼħˣˡŮˡСǳΪħūħǣԼͣŮ
֮·֮鲻ϵѸٵȥǵƤѸٵؾͱһ塣
Ҳһħˣ͵˻ɳ֮УŻһƬݹǡ
־岻ͣЩħӣЩħ֮ǰرţջɳ֮С
Ӥǵ޴˷ǾǳӤҲ޷ӹ֮·Ľѡ


1003 в
ħ˶ʱһħ˸ĸһ޵Ӥš
ĸ׵᲻ͣԭһҸһڣҲ֪֮·Ϊֻ֪ǼȥŻеӤǰĲᡣ
ӣǰһ㣬ϣܻȰؿӤþȫȫע뵽ǸӤڡ
׺ľһ˿ݹǣȥ
޲ֹӤĸ޷ᣬҲһҧһһ˿ȫע뵽ǸӤڣȻףһģˡ
һеӤҲѸٵػһ߿ݹǡ
ǼΪһ߿ݹǣǽرŻеӤһĵܡ
Ƭħ˾۾ӵĵطһƬտ֮أһ߾߿ݹǣЩݹ̬죬ǰǿҵ
Ŀݹ֮УнӵԼӵĸףƴסӵĸףǺǵĺӣѾ˿ݹǣò˶ãЩݹǱ绯еһƳ
ͻȻ֮䣬һӤޣһļž
һеӤ۴ţպۣƺȫû֮ܵ·Ӱ죬ߣĸ׺͸׶Ѿ˿ݹǣ׵Աߣĸǰǽر
֮·Ȼ𣬵ҲһЩҴߣ
ʱھһƴĽѡ
ȥڰʱ̣ҲһЩˣ֮·ҴЩҴߣһԪĿˣ
ʱ֮С
ǣҲʼš
޷ǾͲܿ񣡡
񣬾Ҳһ
Щ˿ֻţһι֮·ļأڷǳԶʱͻȻ֮·ҲһЩ굱УϷϢٶȴ˻Ի͡
û뵽һΣѾˣֻһٴ֮·
֮·УǧڵǿߣҲֻôһҴߣеУһͺܲˣ
֮·УǼҪҲñͨǿֻ߳ܶ࣬Ǹоš
ܶرǲ֪֮·ʱܹһᣬĻͶ༸֣
ͬǱ˴˿úܽĹͷǻǶ屣ž衣
塢һ塢һǿһ
Ҷѵ̧ͷԶҶͼ򣬽ӽϧʵ
ףҶҶıӰ¶˱˵ɫѾûϣˡ
̨籡ꡢ顢ҶYȣҲţҶıӰб顣
ˣȫˣȻǴתҲס֮·һ֣Դ
ʨүȻһ̾û뵽ʨүҾȻҪɶ֮·ʨүҵʹûɰܾ
ʲôԵֵ֮·𣿡
˶ڽʾ֭ŷ
Ѿ½һϵȥˣǵ֮·׵ɡ
Ҷۼŵиǿߵ꣬һȥ
䣡
򻯿һƣȴȻûκˡ
ǲУ
ʱһɫ͸Ҷĵ֮УƬƬȥҲиǿߵض˿ݹǡ
ҶϽס磬ܵصֵסǹʴǣ֮·ʵ̫ǿˡ
Ҷ˾ŵ򣬵Ǻ취򣬸һȣѷɫ̫ˡ
Զʥʥʡʥʡħλ桢Ѫħȸͷ˫Ŀţףеĵֿûõģֵֻܼ֮·ɢǲܻ
ʱǻУһͽһͻȻ
ҲǸͽһͻȻԱһǻһǹһǸǻһǸǻһ񷢳Ĳҽ
Ǹͽһ״شЦҸоҸоӵ
ۡһ
һĨǸͽһĺ󱳣ǻһնģǹޱǿֱӽͽһ
Ȼͽһˣ˵Ǿ仰ͶһʯӣУ˿˿
ɱǵԼøã˵ܹ֮·
̼䣬˴֮䶼˵⡣
ǻˡʥħ߻һЩǿάƽ⣬ħǱߣѾʼɱˣǹһץסһ񣬾ͷɶԷܶԷǵ˻ѣ
أսٴαұ֮ǰӲңײУ
֮ǰս֮䶼ûƴ࣬һΣЩǶˣߵѣҲҪСΪߵսҲʱΪĵˡ
ҶЩ˴ɱĸǿߣв£ª˽ıЩֵ쾡¡
Ҷز׽һ˿⣬ֻʥ߿˹Ҷ׼ʥһսȴʥͻȻ£·ս֮С
ʥľٶҶˣʥĿϣܼܿ켸ҹҲֲʤʥҪ
ȻʥΪжȴܹʥṩ
֮·֮ǰǿǶֶмһˣΪ磬ǻоţ֮·ֶ֮ͻȻøҪˡ
ۣ
ʥʥѪսꪹᴩһЩĲҽţȫʥɡ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
ʵǿļɱ¾ţȡǿߵ
һЩǻһ塢һΧ塢һһ壬ʧأǻǽЩ˳ȥ壬ԵŽܶ࣬ûлɱǹͬУ԰ȫܶࡣ
Ҷ£޶Щǿ߻
׺Щǿ߶˳ȥ
ףûİ취𣿡Ҷʵ
̨籡ꡢ顢ҶYҲ̧ͷҶ
Ҳ֪ҵĵҲʴˣʱԵҵĵһ£ҶȻҲʴˣʴú֮·ҪɵҶȫɵ磬Ҷ԰ȡһЩʱ䡣
Ҷתŵоǣеںܹһ취򣬻ܸԿˣ
Ȼ뷨ǲ취ôģ
ȡһЩʱ䣬Ҳûʲôã޷ֵ֮·ջ֮·ܹҴĸʣǼǧڷ֮һҶʵ̫С̫Сˡ
Զ֮У߿һۣȻ̾һ˵Ҫ֮·ֻһַ


1004 
ʲô˵Ŀ⣬ȫƵϡ
ɱ˵Ը˵ȫ۵һ˵ϣһ˵˸һ˿ްĹâĿҶϣ㵽Ҷ֮䣬ֻһܻһ
ƵĻ˶ˣһԶ˴˼ɱ¾ɵĸǿߣѵҪһһ˻
ΧǵҪ˭˭˶
ҶĿ⣬̨ꡢ顢ҶYС졢˵һһɨһѵֻһܻ
Ҷгʹࡣ
ʱ֮У֮·ѾӵԪǣԪȥҲܶҶǡ
һĻĻҵĻ棬Ҷнޱȡ
ȫȡһϣܹȴôݶ飡
һķҶشӵ硢ۿռȵط̺Ķ˳ҩﻹ֮ǰռһЩѪ֮Ķ
ЩȻôһ˿˿ԺԲƣ
ЩȫȥҶһӣЩַ˵ҲԣҶһЩҩȥ
˱ؿҶ֪ôûõģۿ졣
룬ҲȫЩ̳ȥ
Ҷ˹˵عƿѪƿѪҶӳСõġ
ûõģҡҡͷһĻˡ
һһǳĬãһߵƵߡ
ƣǼλһ£һ壬УһҪȥһĸ֣֮ں֮أֻעһ˿ЩӱµˣȻ֪Щû֮·桭ǸϿƣ¶һ˿΢Ц
ϣⲻУҲܽУƻֵ̿صЩҪǵȫиôܵ
ȴʱǸһ΢΢һЦ㣬˭ܹΣǶѾˣ
ƻ˵ЩʲôͻȻ֣Ѿ޷ѣһɹƵģݽƵڡ
һһȥ˻ҽ
ϡأƷ·𿴵ЩǴЦݣˮ˳һһΪԸ
һľٶ̨籵ȫĬˡ
һҪˣǰȫеϣһǵľٶҶ侲˵
ҶĿ⣬˵ɨ̨籡顢ꡢҶYһۣĸôãѾΪҪһ֣ܹǻţҶԺԥظԼ
ֻܻˣжѾ˴𰸣ҶѾ֪ĸ⡣
ҶҶҶ˵С죬δӣҪúõչãã
Ҷһ£ףⲻԣ
С죬һҶʵﵽ۷壬ֻػδһҪ໥֣ȥ
ʱ̨籡顢ҶYҲ¶ЦݣԱߵҶɵȣҲ΢ЦؿС졣
ĸ壬ҲҪҶţˮ˳ջ
Ҷޱȣͷ£ͻȻ֮䣬ȫʹס˶ӡ
ô£ҶоСϽ֪̽һݣƿѪ
䣡
Ҷϣһɰӿǳǿ󣬼ֱҪȫըһ㡣
⾿ʲôѪ۷Ҳ޷ҶһݣСʹӣнʱȫݸС죬Сǻ⵽ʥĶ֣
ҶСӣҲţСҪػ㣬ûܹԿʥ̨̧ͷҶ˵
УҶ¶ʹɫ̨籡ꡢ顢YһҶûܳܣͬѾǳԲˣҶôĿԼϵȫݽˣҲҪǵ
һ۷壬ػСһ԰ƽҼᶨصСʩչ˻
Ǻһ㣬ͫױã
ߵַıϣ΢ЦؿҶСܵܣⱲ˵飬㣬ΪһŮѾ÷ǳҸˣԺ󿴵񿴵һ
ĵ΢ЦҶˮѾۿʹ治ͣظ˼
ȫȸѸٵɢʧţӰȥ
СܵܣټˣҶʱ̣˸ҶҶʱķʱȻģȴŮһ㺣Ѿһλĸףһǧֵ꣬ʱ⣡
ҶƴҪץסӰѾ׵ɢ֮С
֮·һҪ㣡ҶŭĿһͷޣϵĹž죬ɢһɱŰϢ


1005 壡
̨ĬĬߵС󣬿ҶһۣаŨŨľ֮飬ǺԥؽȫתƵСϡ
̨籵ӰģһϢ
ʼգһֱעҶϹžЦա
һ꣬ǸգΪտֱһҶһЩı䣬ҶӰӣС죬һǧ꣬÷ǳҸ뵽ȥĸף˳ջ䡣
ԭϲϡ
̨籾ؿҶȻһǧ꣬ͷȴ˶ݣѾ÷ǳˡ
̨ҶڵѪף顢̨ѡΪ˸ĸΪԼĺӣȻҲϧ
ҶYҲߵС졢ߣǾҶ
һɹǵʶע뵽Сϡ
Ҷסȭͷ˫Ŀͨ죬װ͋Y飡
Ҷ磬Իñ飬Ժ󿴵ǿһ˫ˮȴȻƤһЦԻñ鳯Ҷ
˫ЦݣնʱһĻҶǡ
һĻĻҶԺӹҶʱһ꣬ǿɰƤӣڽ֮ʱͬĻ꣬һΣգЩȫȻǰ
Ҷ磬ػҶߣYѾǳˡYؿҶһᡣ
Ҷ뵽˵꾭ϣYغһֱȵΪָ
ѾڽҶ֮С
һٵҶͷ綥˵ɱ졣
ʱʨүһվҶͬʱȫע뵽Ҷڡ
ҶСӣıˣ֪ʨүҶСĸʨʨүһȻʨүĿʨүҧ޺޵˵
ţҶصصͷбһٵʮ˲ټ
ãʨүЦš
ҵģҶ磬ԶصˣܰݸҶ磬Ҷ޺ҶɿҶڵһɹӿҶڡ
塢һԸͬ˴ɱֻʣ˼۷ǿߡ
ȻǸ伶ǿߣҲʣ޼
ǻһʥ֮⣬ʣպ䡣
壬ֻнʥʡʥʡѪħ桢С⨡ҶϹ桢ĺʥ顢ʥȣ⻹ħ档
ʥˣô죿ʥıʵû뵽壬ࡣ
廹ʣҶҶҶϹҶ⻹ƺͻޣҲߵġ
ʥϬĿȻɨʣЩǿߡ
Ǽȡǿڵ֮ǿһЩʱ䣬֮·ڼڵڲϵţò˶ãǴǿϼȡҲᱻľ
Ψһİ취ǼɣлĻᣡ
ʥȻ֮УֳʥѪսꪣָҶڵķ
Ҫǿܶ࣬嶼ʥɭȻͻȻҫֳһĽס
ȻٱȥѾˣʥһʥǾϵף
ʥףǿһݣʥΪɵ
ʱϹҲһޣһ˾ĸ̣ǽʥĴڣӹӰ·޾һ㡣
ҶҲ˱ѽʥϻһսףʥֻѷɫѣϧһۡ
һߣѪħҲǼʮһʥçű߲ͣתţçűҲʥĴڣܹʮ飬ֻϧһ飬ԱʥҪѷһ
ʱҲǼһһöɫı飬ʥ֮һα飡֪ǴõģɫĻԹҫϣԵޱʥ
Ҷߣܷɵ춦ʥ֮ͬʱ֣Ϲâɡ
һʥʥҶͫȻû뵽ҶȻռһʥⳬԤϣܷɵ֪ģ춦ʥ֮ôҶ
ʥûη壬춦ʥ֮Ȼǿ󣬵սУҪѷɫ˺ܶࡣ
һܷɵҲͻơ걻ܷɵ֮ʥһֱѰҿܷɵİ취һֱѰ׵ټΪ˵õףϧ˺üǧڼƵ壡
˻ٻûг֣ʥۣ
٣ʥۣ˼ԱߵĽʥ΢΢һЦгһͨ岼ڵƬ֣һ뽣
ʣµЩˣ֮ǿĴڣ
ǡ䣬壡ʥһ˵˵ʵȫûѶȣ
ãʥ¶һ˿пЦݡ
ʥҲɱ⣬ȻûʥͬҲӵбܻûɱ
ʣЩǿһۡ
ǰʲôԹһʹҶ˵ȻħһȻһ壬ʱ̣жԹ޹ؽҪˣ
ãҶӦһһս¹
ħһۣĿ˸
ѪħĬؿһϹƬ֮һѪħûȷףһ屻𣬽ֵˣ
ʥʥʡʥʵʵ̫ǿˡ
һԶѪħҶҶó𻤱ۺͲçűȥ
أҶסҶӹĶɫһϲ𻤱ۣ
çűѪħҲݣһçűôʥçűԷӳ
ܿأǿ߷ֳӪһʥʥʡʥʡĺʥ顢ǻһ䣬ܹʮڶߣҶҶҶ̡С⨡ޡҶϹѪħ桢ʥ顢桢Ƶʮ񣬻һЩħܹʮ
ôѾʣ޼ˡ
֮·ڳڲţʱܻȥ
һЩõģܹþһЩһЩûеõģмѾѸٵؿˣ㹻ֶεʱԱԱǻʱֽǻɱȻɵǽʣ
ɱʥʥѪսꪣҶն¡
Ҷһӣ춦ֶ
ɵϾԾҶֻ춦еܷɵʱѰʥ
䣡
ʥѪսꪺ춦ϣһ
춦ȻȲʥѪսꪣϾҲ浮֮γɵʥͬ졣춦гȵĻʥŻߡ
ʥŭһʥѪսһѪѹ£ɱ죬Щѹ춦С


1006 ں
Ҷʥǿʤһӵһһʥһӵһʥ˫һʱ䶼ѽԷɱ
ĺâʥı֮໥֯ŷѤĹâ
ҵسײš
Ϊý飬ԱǽҵٶģҶ޷֮·ĻһʥףɱҼǲܵģǣĶӺŮأ㻤𣿡ʥЦţеʥѪսꪻѪ⣬סҶ
ʥʵҶ൱ҪʤһԸʥԾʱҶѲ
ʱʥʺʥǿߡ
ҶϹһֵסʥʡ
ʥͽһǿĴڣʵǿ۷壬ҶϹҲֻǿֵѡ
ҶҶ̵ȣǻһͼ
ʥʵĿ⣬Щ˵ϣ¶׺ݵЦ⡣
ǿУܹԿѹģֻҶѣҶʥסˣô˿Եֵ뽣
Ҷָ֮£޳ʥ
ȴʱʥͻȻ֮ʧ˳ʥߣ뽣͵ػۡһѪɽ
뽣նһУϽһطӵзʥ㷴Ӧ֮ǰѾˣʥ¶ѪЦݣ뽣ǿѪʣʥʱ޷ز뽣һ£ʥʲʹ뽣Ҳ֪ڽһֻżôһ˿Զѡ
ʥѪս뽣Уλһ񣬱ߵŭȻĳ˲ʣ졣
ʥ䣡
ŭ£ǽʥƫ޴򶷣֪޵ǿ󣬸սǺġ
ۣ뽣ٴλӳնɱһ档
ȡλѪ֮뽣ҫ۶Ŀź⣬ѪȺɱ¾Ϣ
У뽣ԵѪģ
ʥĿƵϣһӳѪĽâƳա
ֻӰһಡһԭʧ
ۣ
뽣ֻնƣȴûܽһٻɱ
һ壬Ȼеŵʥһֳ뽣ĿĴȴҲƵڣתǿߡ
ӵ뽣Ľʥ̫ǿˣֵܹģ
Ҷż֣ǻһǣƣ޷ڳԮˣ
ʥʵĿ̣뽣ն䣬Χղϵѣ뽣˲뽣Ĺ̫ˣͨ˸޷ӦһĿ꣬âûмѪǲջصģ
ۿ̼ն䣬ԱߵСͻȻ֨֨ؽһһֻ߼׵ľ޴Գ뽣ǰеڤŽʥȥ
ڤϵر䳤С⨺ŭһ̺ױȵ
ۣ
뽣նС⨵ϣʱС⨵嶴Ѹٵر뽣ա
һ̣Сȫסʥʡ
䣡
һ죬ڤ˽ʥʵϣʥʱҷ˳ȥ
С⨣̱Өˮ
СǰһѪһʯͷ޾µУСһֱǻһʱ򣬻ʱС⨶һֱػߡѽС⨣Լһ㡣
ʥʣҪɱ㣡ŭ⣬һɫâ˽ʥʡ
һֻӣȻҲһˣʥʿѪС⺬ŭһ˵ʵᣬԭ뷨ɱС֮ȻȫˣǣС⨾Ȼסˡ
оһâһӶɱʥʻ뽣׼ǵâһնɱͻȻ֮䣬Լ޷Ӷ뽣
ħһĺ֮ʥͫȻʵڿʼ֮ǰʥʡʥʻħλɹЭ飬ʥʡʥʸɱ¾Ѫħ壬ħһ帺ɱ¾ǻһ壬սʵ϶Ըʥʥȡ񣬵û뵽ƻϲϱ仯֮·ͻȻ˵ʱ֮ǰ˵ħȻͻȻ
䣡
ǵɫâڽʥʵϣͬʱըǣ֮С
ϡ䣬һɫƮ˿Уһ绪ŮˣʲôǵãңԶʱ֮Уʥʥľˣ˼£һֱ׷ѰʥټʥĵʱʥΪûһ̹עδʲôֻǾԶԶؿǸž޵ӣѾˡ
˭˵ǻһ岻ûа飿
ʥݺһǿƥܵеù۷ǿͬھһ
ǿߣͬʱ䡣
ҶԾʥһüͷû뵽ʥʾȻŮˣȻѡʥͬھ
Ůˣ๼ʥһ
Ҷɨ̻ɢȥʱЦݣޱ㽺˼飬֪ΪʲôҶͻȻһʹҶļѲǵˣΪʲôȴͬһ㣿
ӦʥȻʥѾˣ껹һЩںϽҶѪ֮С
ˣʥȻоʹ꣬ʥУҲһǳҪˣƺûһ
ҶУ̾ϢһΪʥ֮İ飬һһжǻ֮ĸ顣
ʱС˵ǳΣգҶҪʥսתȥС졣
ĶңʥЦһӶʥѪսؾסҶգȥ뽣
ûеն֣뽣Ѿһħ
뽣ҵˣǸħؿЦһ
뽣ҵģǿ߷׷ᡣ
ۣ
ħӶ뽣һնɱ뽣Ľ⽫ȫɣͬ塣
ھ޴ǰǲŲͬ壬ӵ뽣ʵ˲䱩ħ˵ֻ׸
뽣ؽɱţʮһ䣬ԶԶܿҿ
ʥһüͷû뵽ʥʾˣ뽣ҲħٹƬ̣ܻɱҶϹʵܶ뽣
ɱʥʻâ޴ɱǧɱͬʱҶϹ
ҶϹһۡ
Ϊ壡
ͬһ˵ķȴΪ˲ͬʶֵ𣬲ҳΪ˲ݵĳУǵУȻ壬˳Թ
ӰͻȻںϵһ
ҶϹں֮Ѿֲ嵽ҶϹˡ
ֻһǾΪս
۾бâ˾ĸ̡޵ȱȻͬʱʥʡ


1007 ս᣿
ҶϹ֮ȫһ̺ǿı䣬â財
䣡
һ죬ʥΧɱ׷ױ顣
ʥɫذһ㱻ˣôҲ벻ףҶϹ󣬷ˣôͻȻںϳһʵȻѷɫ
أ
ʥʺ͡вͣؽ֣Ժ䣬˭Ҳ޷ѹ˭
ħе뽣ڼȡ˵֮󣬱ǿ󣬷·һּ״̬ʼعˡ
Ѫ꼻һţ˲ֱ뽣ȡ˹ȫɢС
磬һֱ׳ɱϢ
ȥ˶ᱻħɱ
ۣ
뽣ҶϣһĨѪ
סҶٿһеҶԭ峺۾û磬ʧȥ˹
ҶĿѣ뽣ɱ˿ŭеܷɵħ漤ȥ
ܷɵ֮лһâٶȿ޷׽
УܷɵΣյıʱп֣ܳ
Ҹоǿħֳ뽣ͷſشЦš
ۡһ
ǵâħԴܷɵˣοħǱҪɡ
ħϻſЦ⣬ЦȴϣʵؿҶķȴǺȻ£ת˲㻯˻ҽ
ħУҲݺʮĳǿڣҲӲ˵Ľ
޾Ѫ뽣׹䡣
ۿһһˡս䣬Ҷ˫ĿѪ죬
ɱ
Ҷ״سʥȥ춦ʥ֮ҶĲ£ײʥܷɵҲлâ
ʥѪսꪺܷɵ֮жԺ䣬Ƭ硣
ʥֻӦҶĹǳƣΪ֮·ܹøرҶƴֻΪסҶѡղҶܷɵֵʱʥлģҶһҶּǿߣǷǳΣյġ
סҶͿˣûҪҶƴ
û뵽һҶͻȻһϧһ
ôȥضǽʣ
ʥòӦսΪҶĹ̫ˣһСģͻᱻҶܷɵС
ӣʥ޷⣬ȫ޷ֿЦУҲ޷ҶȻΪһŮϧƴ
׵ĹâѤĿ赲춦ʥ֮ײʥѪսꪻӰնҶ
Χղϵر飬磬ƺҲ޷˵
зӶһѽ뽣㵽У뽣Цõ뽣ˣ
漴ءһյͷ­ʥʺ飬뽣ʥʵ
뽣ãǱʥЦһʹ뽣ʵһ˷ѡ
ڻŵڳУʥʵʵʥҶ뽣֮ʱ绢ʵǣ뽣նȥ
ôѪ뽣ǿʥʵУǷӳ˿ֲ
һΣ뽣ĺâܼ˽ȥ
뽣̫ǿˣټʥʱʵӳ֣ǿֵܹģȻ츳׿ȴҲ޷ֵ档
سҶһۣҲ޷
ʥɱۣѻǵˣһͳͳɱ
һһǿ䡣
ÿɱһ뽣ͻǿ󼸷֣ԽԽƿأʥʵ뽣ҡ
ҶϹں֮Ȼʵǿ󣬿ֳ뽣ʥʣȻԵֵھһҵĲɱ֮Ҳ뽣¡
ôΪ壬һҪ񣡡ҶӰƮƮʧ֮С
ɱ¾֮У֮·ƺǿˡ
ʥնɱһ֮뽣ȻԽԽǿ뽣ȴҲڲϵȡϵ֮·ϵģʥͻȻ˺ܶ࣬׷ԲԣƤҲ
ôô뽣ǿģôʥʲʵŭ𣬵ͷͣ䣬Ҳʼˣĵص֮УҲû
һǿҲеһƳ
Ѫ뽣һ⣬׹䡣
Ȼ츳мӵùֻأ
磬ֻʣҶʥڻϵҶ
֮·ԽԽǿˣҶʥҶǻޣЩֵˡ
ȻҲֻһ֮·ѣ֮·ǰҲһġ
ʱҶʥҶ˥˺ܶ࣬ѾսͣشϢţϵƤҲǿƤһϵϻ
ףҶҶǧȻղŵƿѪõһЩȻ޷ֵԽԽǿ֮·
˭Ҳ޷ӹ֮·ҶȻһ̾һһˡѵȥı룬ݣΪΣһܣվһ
ʥԶоϵر壬Ȼ飬ǿ֮·̫ǿˣļޡ
ⲻܣⲻܣʥ˷ŭͲʣӦ֮ǿĴڣףһжӦȡᣬΪʲôҲҪ
ʥ㻹û׼ǻҶңеʥ˭Ҳ޷ѣ
ʱһеĳԹǰȫɢ
ұ죡һа취һܵõҽΪµ񣡡ʥŭ
˭޷õΪ˭ûʸõ񣡡Ҷƽ˵ңն˵񣬡˵ǵֻͽˣһֻֻῪʼǵò񣬻µǿмѡߡ
Ҳˣ˵ʮ򼸰꣬Ƿǳʱ䣬ԣһ˲ѡҶ૵˵ţشĳӹǰмӲʯ飬Ҳᱻˢñɳʧ
κһսᣬеսңе˥ϣǵùҲᱻ
Ҳؽȥ˵
֮·塣
һ֮꣬·ɢΪµҲ޷临
˾ǽˡ
Щ֮󣬲ҶҶʧǡ
ЩǵЦòһֱصǵĶʡ
ңЩ䣬˥ϣҲսᡣ


1008 ۺ
ҲģҲĽ֣ʥǳ˲ʣŤŭ˻𣬡飡ҹҪ
ǣʥáڲͣ˥ϣ꣬ҡҡ׹
սᡣ
ٲʣתվὫһкҵѹۼ
ʥ̧˫֣ԼƵ֣кٲģҲˡ
һۣٵͷˣҪ˥ϵ·߲
һֻص磬ôʣҲ޹ˡ
ҶһϤӰǰӹꡢ̨籡顢YҶս졢ʨүơ̵ȵȣȻѾˣ˿սᣬ˵ҲһĽ֡
ٻᡣ
Ҷۣ΢΢¶һЦ⡣
ǼѾǾʱΧ磬ͻȻһһˣһβƵļͻȻԶһ㡣
ô£ף񣡡Ҷؼ
Χ磬ȫѣô֮Уâɡ
֪һԵõҵģʥ۾Ȼŷ˵⣬𣬳ȥ
ھ˸ղŵ֮ҶѾ˺ܶ࣬ǷõѾҪˣǿʥҶȫǱܣʥ
ô񶼲ʥ
С죬ȥ񣡡ҶȵƴȫӶܷɵʥĺȥ
оһӱϮʥתʥѪսն¡
Ϊ֮·Ѿ˵ȡʣ޼սʱǰǧ֮һӲ޹⣬ʥһƬɡ
أ
Ҷƴȫ߶ܷɵʥʥʥ
Ҷ˥ϲĻޣץ
ͻȻޱҫ۶Ŀȼյĺһ㡣
䣡
Ҷͻޣǳȵ֮С
С죡Ҷһŵصôô
ؿգϡ䣬·𿴵СƮɢ꣬Сѧʱһıˣǻ
ˣҲκˣ
ûʸõ񣬹ҵģʥЦţҶ͵һ̣ʥܷɵʥļлȥ಻֣ץ
ڽӴһɲǣʥͻȻȼ˳ȵĻ
ôܣܣҵģҵģʥ˻ţȻҲ޷˵سȥջ޾棬ȼգ˻ҽƮ䡣
ʥһþһֶΣΪ˵õȻȴҲϡ
ĳֻ֣Ϊ˾
Ҷտյ磬·磬ֻʣһˡ
Ӱ
ʱ˿̣ҶʹѾûˣľ쳣̤գһһţԽԽӽ
һɳȵҶоԼȫȼ
ȵĻ棬ؽҶɡ
ҶȻһһ̤գȥ
Ҷ˵ǷõѾҪˣûκε뷨ֻȥΨһ顣
ҶһųȵĻ򣬽ȼճ˻ҽ
һǿҵʹ̼Ҷ񾭡
ʱҶĵ֮УĵǸɫ̥ͻȻâҫҶϵ֮ʱ쳽̥Ҷõ
ȻϵȼգҶȻһһ
ˣԭУ
ʲôأ¼ֻʣһˣ
һޱȲįӿͷһǲĹ¼š
ҶΪһ塣
͸Ҷ壬ϵظҶ
Ҷһ̥һţ˿ڣϵγһһ򣬱ǰǾŵҪǿöࡣ
񣬿ƿһֻصĿʼ
Ҷ˼ϵس˷ɢЩ֮·ˣѾ޷ˣȻҶҲһҶԴ֮·Ŀ˴ȴЩ֮·ˡ
ЩϤˣЩѳ̣ôԭ
ҶоʮλȻҶոմﵽ񾳽磬ʵʮλĲ໹Ǻܴ
ʱҶѾȥʲôˣ಻Ϊ
ȻΪ۷Σ
ȻôţڵڲϵγɣԴԴϣЩ֮·飬֮£ʼϵܣԵԣһ
Ȼ涼ɢŲҶδȴǳã
֮󣬺ȥδӣ
ȻţҲֻڻ֮Уį
ҶһгãȻʱӰҶ߷˹λ۷弶ǿߡ
۷ǿ߾Ȼ֮·
ӦǸʮλйذɣ
Ҷɨ֮ʱҶסˣˣǵ뿪Ԫǵۺƣ
ۺ뿪Ԫ֪֮ȥҶҲûмˣû뵽ǶţһЩϵ
Ȼ֮䣬Ϥˡ
Ҷּˣ΢ЦؿҶ˵
Ҷ˵ʲôȴ˳õĳĬԪǻ֮·Ҳˡ
ԱߵƿҶ˵ҴʮλҴףѾе򡣡
ںΪΣҶȴһص鶼ûУǱ
ʮλ˵ڵѺۣʱ޲Ļ飬Ѿ˵磬ֲֻѺۣƼ˵пκαˣ֮·ȥЩûκεĸ顣
ƣҶкȻ˷ŭ龭֮·Ϊѡһ޲ѺۣԸһ𣬼ȥ飡
ƺۣҲѾ֮ǰǸƺˡ
ƺоҶѹƲסķŭ΢΢һЦʮλ֮䵮Ĵǻߣάϵ棬𣬵Ǹ壬ڴ˷ܴУʵϣʱ㣬֮·Ӧʱʮλ߶ǰͷ֮·һһڰʯͷ׸Ҷ͸ģ
ءһҶǿʯͷס֮·ʮλʱҶǷŭ֣Ȼоʲôͷɻؿʯͷ
ʲôҶüͷоʯͷ̺˷ǳص
ƿҶգգۣЦʱ͸
ʱҶһȻʲôסʯͷ


1009 
ڿ֮·ǰʱѾʱ䷨۶ɵĹ֮ʯʱ䡣ʮλ񲢷Ǻ׼ʹ߶ģҶļҶ֮ǰеʹ֮ʯһжԸд
Ҷ۾һǿѹеļʵⶫҪôã
֮ʯ֪ˣһЦ
ллʮλ񣡡Ҷ֣ص˵֮ǰʮλˡ
΢΢ףܳΪĵӣ˵øлҶҶԼ̫壬ҲͲᱻˡ
ˣҶƺ۹ֵȻѾ񣬵ܹа취صȥĳʱ̣һЩȲˡ
ƺһЦ˻֡
ҶڴءһеĹ֮ʯ󱬡
֮ʯķĩ׷Ʈ֮УƬն˹֮ʯķĩ֮С
ֻһգۣǰƺ۶ˡ
ҶоӰãʱѸٵصˣص֮·֮ǰ֮·ѸٵҶС졢ޡʥȷ׷׸
ʱ仹ڲϵصˣһϻָҲڲϵ
һϤӰ׷׸Ҷ̲ס档
ʱ˻ص֮·֮ǰڲϵغˡ
صû幥֮ǰ
ˡ
ʱĳӣ˳һ㣬ϵȥ
ҶȻʱ⣬ʱʱĹϵȻǿ󣬷ܲϢʼջʱ֮УʱЩģԶʱա
أҶϵı˲ˣѾͨһС
ˣĹӰı϶ҶӹһУǿҶ
֮ʯʱҶ壬»صԭĵط
һжıˣҶΪҲڲϵΨһҶԼ
ҲǼλΪ
ʱ˻ص˹ȥĳڵϡ
ܼı֮УһʯŸʴ
Ҷնš
һصĵӡҶ߷裬˿Ҷϣһµơ
һֻ̤ǺһţµձҪֱһ㡣
һںϽӡ֮С
ŴۣҶǸоҶһ˲䷢ı仯ֱ仯̫ˣ
Ҷ۾ʱ¶˾ϲ֮ɫ꣬
ҶѯʣһۣǶҶѯʾˡ
Ҷ磬ôˣڴ갡˵ƣҶǲ˰ɣ
ҶҲ֪νһУԼꡢһڴðգ˴꣬顣ʱҶֻһλѡ
ಡһҶеڣôص˹ȥָо̫ˣҶ˷ܣôʱİÿɰһж̫ˣлʱ
ʱԶеĻ׷ѡ
Ԫɽһλƿ˱еĻǿҶʱ¶ɭЦݡ
ҵˣǻܣڱ֮׷Ҷ˺ܾãڱȥҵҶˡ
Ԫɽһλǿߣ߻һλҪɵҶ׾٣ʱҶһλѡ
ȥɣԪɽɫصܻûߣҶ
ǸλԱߵİץ˹
ջҶ˸ۣȻֻλʵľŵ취ûʧһҲԪɽλֵܹģ
Ҷ磬Сģ׼֡
ֻҶбԪɽǸλһۣ¶ϷʵЦݡ
Ҷֻӳ֮оŵ취׷׻ۣ޴İƣѹգɢױȵơ
ʲôԪɽǸλ¶˾ֵ飬ȫǵ֪⵽ô£
ǳһ񼶵Ҷһ΢΢Ц
ž
޴İͻȻһĲӬһǸλĳһ׹
⣬ôܣ
Ҷǿ⵽һʲô
ԪɽĿɿڴŵüҪˡ
ҵѽԪɽһŤͷܡ
ܣҶһŵ취֮һ޴İƣԪɽ
䣡䣡䣡
ҶһһƵسԪɽ£ԪɽĽĵصף걻ҶĵѣҪ鿪ѳȥ
ʵ̫ǿˣ
ɵɵؿеҶУҶǵ̫ˣֱǵ֪
ҶԪɽĽ˴̧ͷһա
ڴ۲ҶʱŵӶɳˣôˣҶ̫ˣ·ȫ͸һ㣬ȻΪһ񼶱ǿߣȻоһǿҵĿ־֮⡣
ʥת̫ˣ
ʱžԼ뷨ǶôĿЦԼʥתȣֱ϶磡
˵һ֮⳯п񱼶ȥ
һһλǿŵƨȥ
Ҷ׼ͷ˵ЩʲôͻȻһüͷʱ仹ûȶ
ʱͻȻҵزҶоʱԼ߷ţΧһѸٵرš
治ͣرãҶоʱţ
Ҷ۾ʱѾĳˡ
һδʱ仹ûȶ
һȶˡ
Ҷۿȥ־֮УҶ˿ҲѾ񼶱Ϊˡ
ߵ¶һĨ֮ɫ˵Ϊ˵ȵʥתطǱϾ뿪̫ˣѾﵽļޡڤǲһû֮ǰҾѾ˺ܾúܾãҵѾൽ˾ͷѾȲǰʱˣ¾λϹŶʱ˳ʷ̨ˡ׷ʥôܹ꣬ȵʥתҾңδ帴˴ҵҪʥˣѵһЦǻǵУһ˿ϣֻϧӢ۳ĺͽȻκΣ
Ҷؿžߣгһ˸Уǿģ
ӵҶ֪˵Щʲô
ʥ⣬ܹȵʥתѾҵʹοܼʥӣūѾǳˣ
ˣʥΪѹʥǰѪɫδӾҪʥԼˣ߿Ҷ΢Ц˵Ȼȴһοɫ
оʱȶ֮ҶͻȻžߣ΢΢һЦǰѣӢۣ帴˴ҵ벻ǰԾǰ
ҶĻһ£ɻ󣬲֪ҶΪλ˵һ仰
ͻȻ֮䣬һɹɷ򲨶Ҷָһ򣬵˾ߵؿ֮
һ˾ߵ塣
ءءأ
ߵǿҵ֮֮һ㡣
ô£¶ŵ顣
һɹɰžߵ֫ʶȥȫļͻȻĹԭѾ岻ͬƤһƤһذ䣬¶۵ļ
գƮĺڷüĿͦıƤ
ٷ硢棬Ĵʻݾ಻Ϊ
׷ʥʱ򣬾ضһŮΪ֮㵹ӡ
ǻӣҲޱһɰھߣγ˿ֲķ籩
ͻȻ̧ͷһƵļϥҶ£˵ʥ£


1010 ǧ֮
ôҲû뵽ҶͻȻӵôǿʵ
Ҷʹõǣ
ҶôͻȻ
ôҲ벻ͨĵط
оԼȫӿȵʵﵽǰδе۷壬۷ʱ̻ҪǿҲһЩ̵
мþƽôĵȴڿˣ
ĵȴǺģ
ʱǻһЮױȵƣ߷Ӷ;飬Ϊ泾
һǻһߺȵ
ʥ£ǰɣ蹧ضҶһɾǿߵս⣬Ƿħӡ裬ÿһǷħӡУ̺
һǷħӡХȥ
ҫ⣬
䣡
Ƿħӡ֮ϣ׷ױѣһɹƳɢȥ
ǿ֮£Χ׷
ǷħӡӲغ俪һǷħӡһλϣȻըǸλը÷顣
ʣĸҲܵǷħӡĲȻʧɫ
ǿʵ
Ȼһôǿ
һ壬Ȼ·磡
ǻһһλһλλ񣬾Ȼ򲻹һ
۷ʱڣҲһλѣںҶ֮󣬲ﵽʱڵ۷壬ұǰǿˡ
ȣֱ֮ߣ
޷Ҷôġ
ÿһַҲиߵͲ֣֮Ҷ˾ŵ취򣬵ҲֻǷǳǳ򣬶һҶھʹࡢں֮ģں֮־ʱ˳棬Ȼ̣ǿ󣬸Ǿŵ취ܱġ
ȻҶʱû񣬵򣬱Ѿˣ
У
ֻһ˲þʵﵽ˾˵۷塣
ĸȥԾԵʵѹĸ
ձ飬
·֮ǰĳݣͬǣ֮ǰΧŰɱ裬Ǿȫתѹĸ
䣡
һƺһǷħӡһλؿڣǷħӡĹâſǸѸٵر߽⡣
˵Ƿħӡ޷߽һλģǾǷħӡ֮У̺һ˿
ǿ󣬼ܴҲ
һǷħӡǿʮֹ
ǿ
費̾ҲоǷħӡĲͬʵ̫ˡ
ʣǻһļֱǰһǷħӡҲѲ˱ˡ
ǿʵ̫ˣ
ǰӣĪ˾Ǵ˵еʥһӺð
ߣಣ⿪ط롣
裬Ҷ΢΢һЦˣ
ʥ£ܻȥ֮󣬱ضй¶ʥµ٣ʱʥض֣Щǵ˵ȻҶ򣬵Ͼֻ񾳽磬ʥѾ۷ǿĴˡ
һҪúõһʥһЩʱպˣҶȻһЦ
оҶ͸ĵȻѵȣǰҶѾȻͬˣһʥʱ
ʱľ裬ҲΪۣ֮֮ĸԸ׷ʥҲǱʥľ۷̳ʥ־£ڵȵ˽졣
嵱ˣ
ĳȣԤڲõĽǿƵ̬ɱ򣬻ʥɾ۷壡
ǰ߰ɣҶЦһʥ֮ٻ˳
𵱳Ҷпǧ
ಣӰ⣬ʥ֮ʥ֮лβ
磬ǻʥ֮С
Ȼֻʣ˻Ǹǿߵ˭ʥÿ£һ
²֪ոϽ˵
ʥüĪʥǲ԰ʥûôҲܲĪʧٵ֮һȻǻһԿ
ʥŭѣǻһ淶Χȫ׷ɱ
š
һǧʱ˵ͬ׾Թ϶
һǧʱУ΢𣬵Ƕԣһգ۶ѡ
ʥ֮һлǣ䲻ϵش
ʥ֮Ĵ˵
ʥ֮ÿһʧǻһҪ׽ʥ֮ȴʥ֮Ĺ켣ʱʱֵһ㣬޼Ѱ


1011 壡
ǧ֮
񼴽Ϣ档
ǣڴĽ١
鶼ڵȴµĵ
Уʥпܵõ񣬲ҲĽá
ӿ˴֮ĦҲø⼤
ǰԽʱͻȻ֮䣬һ𾪵ϢѸٵشеĸ
򽨹еʮս
ͬʱʮս
ǵõϢ֮ȫЦ֮Աǡ
˰ɣ
ǸЦһСС壬Ȼʮս
ĸǿߣ׽ɱ˰ɡ
뽨ˣ
ϢǴĴģ
ʮʤ̭֮Ľÿһĵ𣬶˵ǶǽѪ֮ϵġĸǿ壬ū壬άķ٣鶼ֻЩǿĵʯ
ǻһ壬Ǹӹǿٸū۵壬ﵽ֮࣡
еϢмһˣ浮֮ûһͬʱô忪ս
ȻһУȴ߲ǵϡ
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ǰħʧҶͻȻֻƽޡʮֻͨޡʮұȾħ񽢻Ҫǿ񽢳ħı߾شʼħ
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1012 
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ϷתãɹףţдǣȻһЩ覴ã򶷲ʵȵȡβҲһЩ飬Щ˵ãҲһЩ߰ţһǴôţѾԼдд
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βȷʵţƹģһǧ󣬶һЩĿռ䣬Ұ᲻һϾһûдĽβʵţȫض飬дһǳ׵ĽβͿˣţǾѰ·һ㡣һҲˬģ㱻ЩùѪͷ
±ӦǷǳҵģҿñȽˬһɡЩԼ߰뷨Ѿдˣûɶźˡ±רĴһϸۣдһˬģдϸһЩҲȥдǿ桢ֻɬĶˡ
һЩ˵ţдеңпաţдصģţдʱϲԼ뵽ǵϣǾָðգָˣţϲһọ́һ˵ʱţȫȷǺ˻ǻˣһŮԽɫţҲ֪ǲŮȥ֡ȥ̽
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