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ͨ۷·ϵľؽѪɨƽ


һ ʮ껳̥


һ ϻ
ܣıܣ
ֻоڶ߹ιΧĹľԻȻһѪӣȫȻ˿̵ֻϽܣܵԽԶԽá
֪ԼˣּҼҹʮɱд̡
Ȼ֪Լĺûһڣʹٸһλᣬԥ
ֻԼô죿Ժ˭չ뵽еԼչ黹ˡ
ǿûлͷԼڱܣһȻٽ͵͵ߡ
Ҳ֪Լжãʲôط֮ܵȫûˣ޷ʱͣ˫ַϥڵĴ̰ĺΧĿ
ǰѾû·һξ޴Ķ··һǵһ㽫ɽΪΣƸʲô塣
²ǴɽĶϻ£֪ΪϻڴɽΧļʵ̫
ϻ£鴦
˼˵ϻǴĵطȥûһܹܳ
˶ϻ±Ǵɽأ˵ʵֲħޣҲмֵǵĸ߽ҩݣ˵鵤ҩΧļȴû˽ȥǲȥǲҽȥ
Щеļ弸ΪĬԼ˲׼Խϻ½ɽϻ£鴦ûܹȥȻ߳
Цû뵽ԼһܽȻܵҪѾȫǵʱ·ǰ׵Ķϻ¾ͷ·һǵһסԼȥ·ֻаԭ·ء
˼ת뿪ȴͻȻһδһԵĹľӳ
վڵϣЦ𣬡ܰôˣҪ緢ڹľҶϵѪܵˣ
ĴŴղŵһηЩԲٿˣ治ɫϵ·Ȼ룬ԼݵγĶԱȣЦǳΪȭʦͨ˵Ĳֻ࣬ҪܹΪȭʦô˵ͻ̥ǱͨʮֹҲΪʲôôȿֺҪΪȭʦԭ
㾹ȻҶԼ˶ɱģһȥ峤ܳͷ
˵ıûһ˿Уڼ֮ˣһ֮ӣδϣһǼķ˽Ĵڣλر
ûȳԲѷҵĵģֻάԼ϶ѣ
ڵĴŴϵ·ѾڸղŵķбΧĹľƣϸѪټһĺˮ˵ʮǱ
ϣĻϣһϣݺݵ˵·ղͱԼһʵҲ֪ԼΪ˷ŭֻΪƽʱԼ۸ߵһͻȻĳһѧ˷ԼȨʮֵĲˬ
ȷǱΪĽڴμӰսʱȻǰʧ٣ǵļڰսܳ輸Ϊ˵һĴڣЩּҵԷΧ˵ĳЦáⶼΪͽϵɵģԣһ˵
ҪϣҽƫƫҪúõؼ̤ϣüܳ裬һ֪ﻳ˶õʱ𣿡ͷǰЦ
ʮ꣡㻳ʮ꣡ѵⲻŮ˵˵㣬ǸڼʮΨһĿҲֻ˰ɣ
סڣ
ͻȻ͵һȭϣһȭһ
飡
һԵͻȻǰȻһŽ߷˳ȥ
ݺݵײһԵһϣȻصˤ
Щ͵Ŀһڵϵ𣬡һȥ峤ܳͷ
ҡûΪΡΪҪܳͷ
ٴηվٴһҧλƵ
飡
ڵϻȥԶһֱ˶ϻµıԵŻͣ˼ζûվĵ˵ϡ
ߣڤ粻첻мߵʵǰʲô䣡һȥͷ
Ļ֮ſڵϵ嶯˶˫ŬԼվԺϣѾȫѪ۾ЩƮԭŬվͦرԼϡ
ҡûҲȥģ˵һĨ۾еѪҺʱĨȫѪʮˡ
죬ڵ˵ȷǿǣĪһ죬һվǰ㣡
˵ûκԥͻȻһתһԾĶϻ£


ڶ Ԩ
٣ư˭ۼһ۾Ϳ˶
ʱѾˣվԭЩִٲĵͷһĺӵżҳĳͷ
ϵĳ벻ȻǣС
ĸ˻߹骵һĨζ΢Ц죬ʼնһĮӣҲּƺŵ˵ǰһʮķˡ
ȻҲһ۾ͿյĻ仮Ժֻ뵽ļͥԼ⣬ջһҧҪкĻݺݵȥ
ĸվǰӸµĿͷ֪ĺӣʤڴԼķ²
٣Сӣʲô骲ʵ
ûдԷͷһԵĿ϶뿪Ȼǲóѣƶȵصסȥ·
ôشҵĻߣΪʲôٴδʵ
̧ͷЩŵĿһᣬῴԼæЩ̫ڵĽתƵ𴦡
һʹ¶һĨɬЦ⣬ԼȻһﰡ
ûκιϵɣת骣ÿҪؼˣ
ÿԣȻشҵĻʲôУϴ·ϴûУҿ˵ǲĻǻٴγͷģܸЩôȻĻѵ˷Ѽʳ𣿡һָؿڡ
Ժ󲻻ٸϴ·ǰᣬԺᣡ̧ͷŶԷУԺ׼ڶ˵֣
ߺСӣһ첻˰һԵЦ˵һھļһѵǷ˵˭ȭʦһŮӶǶȭʦˣȴھ㻹˼˵㲻Ƿʲô
սȭͷ岻ϵΪŭͻȻ͵̧ͷ˫ץסڣ˵һ飬׼ҷ
һסˣû뵽ƽʱԼ۸ļһ쾹Ȼҷˣǻ֮ӵķŭˣԼȻסˡ
ɿΪԼжô˲ˣôҽ㻹ԸˣҽͽˣҰҰ򣡡˵ָԼ˵

ԺзֻڲϵĻ죬ĺһһ٣֪ԼĶ֣ܵĻԼֻڼǰӶ˶ѡ
˼𻺻ɿ˶Է죬ȻջԼ˫֡
ԼáȻһ֣оǰӵĵ⣬ת׼뿪Сֹһ䡣
ȻʲôӾʲôĶӣŮǷ
飡
Ѿ׼뿪ͻȻ׵תһȭһȭͽԷıǸˡ
һȭһһʱ䱻ˣȵӦʱ򣬲ŭա
ķˣȻҴң
飡
һžͽ߷˳ȥڵϻȥԶͣ£ϰŵɳҲ
·ǻߵǰһȭߣ˫ֻסԴ⼸ܽİ飬ʹСЩ
˰죬Щ˲Żͣ¶վԭϢڵϻѪʮֵǱ
٣ǿһﾹȻϰɳô׼ģѹᰤأ˼ڿǶһ֣˼Ҵ𣿡ղŵɳ˿˵
ϧʮأ廨ĹֹЩɣ骹˵

˴ЦЦǰϣһԵֻľ¶һ˿Цݣӻǲмǿ
ſڵϵ𻺻̧ͷȻÿ˽ԵȻҲĵ¶һ˿΢Ц
·һҵһӳԣеǰδеĳ裬ʲô룬ֻɱˡ
ĸ˶ע⣬ͻȻӱԼƵƽʱץҰõذ৵һڿնȻδȶԷӦеĵѾһͱ骵Ķӡ
һ˲䣬˶סˣ
˶Щ֪룬û뵽ƽʱСȻɱˣһʱ伸ȫԺһƬհף
ɱˣȷӦļе
ԺҲһƬհףû뵽ԼȻɱˣЩ֪ɿ֣骵ͷһ۲ԼֵĶϵذףһһ˹ȥ
ңɱãң

кŴоѣһ۾Ѿ亹ʪ͸
һѹ͸еȫǰδеʹȫĹѾɢ˼һ㣬Ŭ˼֮ǰʲô顣
ԼɱˣȻ׷ȻԼһԾ˶ϻ£ԭΪԼˣû뵽Ȼһ
һԼ˿λãΧȫʵ߿ɼΧʮףΧʱʱĻᴫҰ޵ĺУΧƺŲΣա
Լ·ϻһúᲱסˣҲҺöȻĻԼˤһ̯ˡ
ʹܣŬ̧̧֣ǸʹԼ֧첲ѾˡŬϣҵһطȥ
ǴԼطϿͿͷǻɵ
ﵽʲôطЩյһ䡣
ȵȣ
ۼͻȻһԵͱһСĶڣںĲ֪ʲô
Լʱпܻ۶ϣԱһ뿪ҧվȻСͱϵǸȥ
òҧڵԱߣڴ˼ȻŲС
ںʲôƺƺûУ֮һʮֹɫ
ڵͨʱͻȻһ޴Ȼ㱻ֱһӺ׵˽ȥ


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˱ˤ߻أֻоеٶѾƶλˣȻźݺݵ䵽˵ϣЩſڵ϶ˡ
ɽڴ򶷵Щɻͣ¿һͷϵĲ֮͡
Ǹӣһһɫװֵ˵
ȥһͳʮ𻺻۽ǿһ·˧üͷԼ
ȷǸӣˣһܹŴ·
֣ôֵطģͻȻһʮöԺľͿһģνõƯŮĶ£ЩĴԼ
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ŶŮͷȻվ뿪ˡ
㣡Ժֻһо
ʦ֣ͷ֪ܵȥˣд˵еı𣿡ŮЩɻʵ
طĵͼҵһõˣ˵һʥ߷Ĺʾıأ˵һԲȻôţӦҲһɶõıӦòģ
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ǣϸո˵꣬ɽͻȻҵĻζ
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㶼ܴˣҿڳԣ־ܣϾеĽ
ҪҰһεɻڣΪƾǼ󱲾Ϳ˵𣿡ʮӴ󣬼ռɽһĿռ䣬ţβͲϵڿصҡڣһĻ棬˵ĻʮֵĲϣƺЩƣ
˵ЩûУѾˣҵҪôǣҿûǹԹԵĽĹеıؽǣȻһῼһȫʬģ˵
꣡ŭһβͣȻһŻȡϮ꣬λæý
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û뵽ԼȻʶ𺳵սǱͻȻ֮ǰԼ忴սֱǹҼһɡ
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ס֣ͻȻڵЩԵ˵ע»վЩĵߵ˵ĻǰѾ˺صˣǾͲҪɱˣ
˶һ㶣֪Сһʲôʱѵġ
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ģˣһ·һӴĽͻȻ棬ȻһӽɵһԵǽϣٴصĵڵϡ
Ŭ˼Σڼ˵עվѪҵĿ˼ȻһһߵǰЩ˵ܣɱ
۲һǲһȣ˼һȭʦǵСӾȻҶԿң
˵ɫͻȻһɱˣ
Ǹԥٴλӽֻ˿ӴĽ˳ŵ滮ڵϻһĹ֣ȻȥһǻеĻ»ᱻֱ롣
ЩֵıۣȻǿվԭز϶
飡
ͻȻһӴβͻٴγһѪڣٴμء
ȻҪأǾһڴ˰ɣͻȻڿգȻ쳤Хһ쳹ȻɽȻһ޴ѿڣϵо޴ʯ䣬·Ҫɽᡣ
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׼ڴ˰ɣ
һȻһβͣͻȻʧɽС


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ٴδӻʱȴķԼһȳȵ硣
Χȫӿҽɫҽ·ˮһӿ𿴵һĲ⵽ʲôط
Сһ˰
ͻȻߴһݲϵ𾪵һתȥһӾͿԼ޴Ļֻ˿ƺЩʮֵá
⡭Щɻʵ֪ΪΣ췢鶼̫˼ѾЩľˡ
ǵصҽ磬ҵĶѾ˼ǧˣ˵ʱͲȴԷ˵ʲôһ뻹Űڶ
ǧꣿЩզ࣬ǵöð
ΪʲôЩҽûأͻȻһ⣬ԼȻҽϣܹоҽ·ˮһĲȴûеĳȸо
ҵѪҺЩҽԵֿղΪʲôҪңƺСһʮָȤ
ҡֻǲ۸㣡Щ˼ͷ
ƺֻһͨˣȫһûУЩȵ˵û
ἰ£ͻȻҲٶΧеˣһƨɶҽĺϣ⼸Ҽÿһ춼ȴһе棬ΨһһˣǵУҾһ
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ԭǺǣСһ벻ǿͻȻŹֵĿ
һϿȷЩŹ֣ȴԷĻסˣ̾ϢһЩʱ޿̲ǿҸף˵Ů˵ǹҷģһ죬һʵĴǣȻݺݵɾһ⣡
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֪ΪΣԴĵһȻûκεľ壬˺档
Ǻǣ֪ǰҽʲôҽײ㣬һף־Ϳ֪ⶫԴǣԡ˵ͻȻŴ˵
ģЩϲ˵ﾹȻֺö
ֻɲκ˶ܹܵסĻģܵʹܼ࣬Ǽֲסʹ࣬пܾͻᱻĻճɻҽ
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𣡺ģҾƸһѣ˶壬ȻΧҽҲʼҵĲ
ȥͻȻſ죬ȻһŻƽɫķ·ǸӵһӴĿз˳ȥ
סӣϸϸĦţȻЩϢ
ֿܹĻĳȣʣµһжҪԼ־ˣ
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ȥɣСһһǻҷȫҪԼˣһҽм
ллŻһͷȻԥתһԾȥ
ʧҽֱʱߵҽŻӿٴλָ˵ӡ
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ԶĻһ㲻ϵҡҷȻһ˿˿Ļ뵽ڡ
˿Ѿǵͨ죬ӣĿ£ϵĺո̱ʧ
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ͷûлػ½
Դ㸸ʧ֮ұһֱе㷲Ϊ峤ǲܸµģЩ϶ڿҳϣܳ׵Ĵλˤһ겻񰡣
ƫƫûУȻΪԹңȴûа취Ͼһϵ峤ͲһˣѹҽǴӼиϳᵽסЩԷ꣬ǣ֪˭𣿡
һ̧ͷԼүүЩΪʲôôʡ
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һ˿û뵽ﾹȻүүݡ
֪㲻֮ұ֪һЩɹҵֶΣΪǲ˵£Ҿ;ԭ뼴ʹֵܹĳɳҲˣû뵽⻹Ǳ껹Ҫִ֣Ӳɹˣ
Ҫ˵ʲôȴֲ֪˵ʲôӦԼүүѴģʧȥӵʹ࣬˵ܹĹԼӣһжһ˵Ƕô̵顣
ͻȻ۽ᣬСʱ·ٴԺ֡
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ӣȻѾΪȭʦЩҲøˣ


ʮ ½
ӽ豭ķ£үϣȻ뿪ռȫøˡ
վſڿɫʯϵүôһ¶һĵЦݡ
컺ض豭һڣȻ̧ͷ𣬡Ƭ½Ի½ԶܻиĴ½һƬ½һ߲ȥˣӣѾΪȭʦҿʵӦȭʦʵɣ
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ûоȣȻǣܹƾͽʹؼһȭܣҲȭʦʵ֮ǰǲ𣿡
һȻʵˣźۼĶǰĲˮһڣſڣʵ֮ǰѾˣֻһֱû˵ΪǸ˵£ûҪҫ
һ㶣ܿЦˣǺǣȻӰиԣһǸ˵飬˰ɣȻĻ¶ϻôܻƽ£
һ㶣үүǰԼϻƽԼѾȭʦԭˣҲãʡԼȥˣʥߵ飬𲢲κˡ
ˣȻѾΪȭʦҲʸ֪һЩˣ㣬֪٣ƺЦʵ
ȷǴʥõһЩܣɲֱ˵ȻĻ¶ˣֻװǺ˽ӣȻΪȭʦֻ֪ȭʦΪʮʮʲô
۾һʮ͵Ŀ𣬡ȻԣȻ֪ȭʦյ㣬үүϸĽһ¹Ļ֪ʶ
һ;ھǣѪڸȭʦĸתУ
һ;ıֻһȭʦھһȭܹھѾ뵽ţԳΪȭʦȭʦʮھֻһǣԼĽǳΪͭǽһĴмȭʦΪĵѪһת۵㣬ԼȫѪѪ·һ㣬Լ弸ҪȫͨΪԺдúʵĻǵ߰˾żʮڸԼȫֽǣȻﵽȭʦ۷壬ͿԳΪʮȭʦȻʮȭʦһ㱻˳Ϊ۷ȭʦ
Ȼ֮ǰʥ߽ǶԷʮִԣǵһϸĵȼܣԼȭʦôҲֻǳȭʦҫ߼ȭʦѾﵽ˸߼ȭʦԼвٵĲ࣡
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үүʲô𣿡ȷʵ
ʮȭʦѾﵽ۷ȭʦ˵⻰ʱϲûκεĿģ෴ݿɬƺź
ӣסĸ䣬ȭʦĸתУΪؼ䣬۷ȭʦһյ㣬ȭʦһ;ޣϵļٵǱܣӶʹϼǿϻһзʽԪޣ
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ȻԪ޽ǿȡԪΪãԪҲһ޵ĵȼ䣬˵ߵĵȼΪԪʦʣڣߣʥߡۡ񣡡
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ʥߣеɣǽǿĴڣүү˵߾ܹأʥأϵĵۡأֽһǿĴڣ
𲻸ˣһθоԭԼ˵С
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һ仰û˵ԴӶԷпźһλ˶Զӵ˼
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үүԲ𣡡ͷ˵֮ǰԼүүˡ
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ܶ˲ϵΪ˴ﵽ۷壬ǻһֱӵĺôøܻݣǾǼֱܹӽߵĻ½ǸոţҲӲ٣ң۷ȭʦҵѾûмͷˣܹɹͻƽԪʦĻ½ǳһԪʦôҵҲӼʮ꣡иǿԵӵģ˵ﵽ֮ϣǿԻ꣬ڸĵȼݴ˵ܹﵽ۷壬̽ǾͿԳΪؼĴڣ
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ͷһۻһ͵ӣЦԼʱЩϢʱ򣬺γıء
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ϻǰԼǰ޻֮һ˿ɬһǼţһǼر
ӽ쿪ʼ֮ͻЩҵ˰ɣг˵

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ǵ˶ʱȴûκεĸı䣬ÿƽʱ𴲣Ȼȥʣµʱǰĸ
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ϸΪֺ;ͼ֣СĽĹ۲һȻųŰķȥԼ硣
ⲿؼ֮ͬڣ֮ǰȻҪȴͨε磬Ȼܰķ
ǰָʾзĿʼͨԼĵһ磬ǱϾȭʦ𲢲ӦԼԼγʧܸա
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ټһ£ټһ£ܿͺˣ
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岻ϵĲȫľǿԼ־ҧ֡
ҪǿҪʵгЦҵˡ𡭡Ƿ

ͷƾǿ־ڽȫͨһ̱ſ˵ϡ


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̱ڵϢòŻһȽţ֫ľʹκεղòЦһ£óȻϰçײˣҺûǳɹ˰
ĸһѾüΪ˳磬һ˿˷ܣʮεĳڳɹˣȥĻٶྭΣͿԽ⼸ȫͨˣʱҲԼͿųһ¡еĵһˡ
شӵվǿŻĸоԺеĴˮԱߣֱһӽԴ˴ˮУ˽һӲ͵̧ͷʹҡҡͷˮһ䡣
ۣ˷ܵһĨϵˮգЦ˵
ǲ㣿ķ߳ˮʪ͸ˣЦõĵԴ
ˣˮϽϴϴҪԷˣ˵߻ط俪ʼ͡

Թ緹߳ţƵĳżΧȥϼУ֮ǰӡ󲢲ãټ⣬ԼûԸɫ
ҲԼûʲôõĸоܶʱԸλãѡΧһϹ䡣
һ˫ԺƵڼС·ߣϵѪħѾ˼У仹С˼ҶԼɡ
㣡ͻȻԴһȻ㿴һȺ˿첽ĴԼߴѸٵڲȥ
üͷһᣬЩ⣬ȥķǼ´ѵǼгʲô顣
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ȻûʲôøУϾԼĵطԼļ壬ΧЩ˶ٵĺԼǧ˿ƵѪԵϵ
ߵʱѾѶΧ˸ˮйͨȥֻվԶԶĵط۲ﵽ׷ʲô顣
һͬʱѶͬҲ˳ֻǵɨһ𣬲û̫仯ָҲͽǸȭʦѡ
ݺݵصһһԴҡڵ˹ȥ󻹸һȺֻ࣬ЩڿʱûˣϾȭʦѾҪˡ
һɫЩӵĿһ𣬻ͷȴڲϵţԼҪҪк
Сʱ˼÷ǺȫԼԵʣ֪ȻԼû򣬳ģ
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ǣһϴ˵꺺ӴȺ߳Ȼ󻺻롣
ҴּҵԶӽɽԣԭεջ񲻴ԵһֻҰʮֻҰãҲժ˲ٵҩݣԭôڰ;ǾȻһֻ˵ĶħޣҺԶӵʮͬʱ֣ͷħɱʱҵͻȻˣҵԶӴԼжʮˣֶǾȻ˵ͷħȴ˵ģӦǵ߲ۣû뵽ҵȺǵִߵˣ˫ڴ֣٣ջǱԷ˽ħʬߣҶԷһεֵܣԣԺԷΧسԲʮǸҵѣ
ĽľȻ㰲վԭصȴҵĶᡣ
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ֺᣬεԷΧںεأʵ
峤εԷΧպҵԷΧı߽߷򣬵ǾûԽԣֺ֪峤ҪʲôӦ
ˣһǶԷּڴɽĵλÿ£ԲҪ۸ռôҵǸͷ·Ը񡣡ɫĺ
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ڼԶӹжʮˣټٺʣϵͷͬľ顣
ټʮʮˣɨһ·Ĵ˵ǹϵ⣬Ҫٴʮˣʵ弶ȭʦϣҿëԼ
һԼ뵽еԶӣȿֺľҪ룬弶ȭʦϣЩһӵܶҪ롣
һһֻվڽδ˵ͻȻ˵


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һƽڴȻת㿴컺Ⱥ߳վڴ룬峤ҪԶӣ
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죬ڵʵѾ߼ȭʦʤԶӵĹûдﵽҪˣڲ17꣬Ҫ˱18֮ſԶӣ˵
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ԶԶվڴ棬Χһ˷ܵż飬󲿷˶Զ£
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۷׷׵ĴԼǰ߹𻺻̧ͷһվڴбǹһΧ졣ȥԶȥ
ڵʵֻȭʦЩҪԶӣҲᱻ˷ԣΪһΪһʵķֱأ

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УһӰϵһÿò֮ӣķ·һֻԳ
ϣһֻ˵ҰڲϵرܣϵƺڽɱǲĻظţĳһ䣬͵һ˦һӰֻһźɫлű㴫һ쳹ɽֵİ
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شѾҰϰѪħֳһëƤزŵѪϸĲøɾ֮ŽѪħڱ󣬻ڲݵϡ
һ԰һݸлؽţ˫Ժ۾ͷϵգ³һ仰
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һ;ھǣѪڸȭʦĸԼȭʦȫĽѾͭǽˣ죬һһǰǱ
ȭʦǣԼĽǼӲͭǽڣһȭʯϣһ㶼оʹǵĺô
ԼҪľǴѪˣȫҪѪᴩѪһԡʱԼ߼ȭʦˣ
߼ȭʦ죬ҺľԽԽˣսȭͷ˵
ʵǰʲôǣӸȻڶߡ
յԼͷ֮ڶԷʲôǣмֽѵԼҲУԼⱲʼһԵķɣ
𻺻µеĲݸȻվ̧ͷһա
̲أıԲأŰɣһգսԨ
˵֮żһȵ棬һԽȥɣķȥ


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һˣ
ߵſſſڵˮǰˮеˮУȪˮϵƣֱͣ˱ﲻס˲͵̧ͷһ峺ˮ
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ȪһһˮЦĨһվſëһ谮Լ飬һЦ
һˣ
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㳤ԶǸӣЦԴϽϴǳԷˣ
˵ȥ׼ˣں潫ëźãȻǰѾںõķˣ¶һģ
㣡ȻãЦų޵
ƨЦҡҡͷݸӣȻ׼Է
ҸоЩˣǼȥòɽһ£̻ʱߺ˵
üͷһ壬룿Ҫ뵽ǼԷΧȥˣ̫Σ˰ɣڲʮ꣬ȻѾȭʦǳʲô״
ѽͷİɣûģӵʵ˵ֻ΢һ㣬ȥħ޳ûĵطͷİɣЦŸԼ׼һ鿾Ұ⣬ȻЦ˵
֪һֱҪǴɽʵ̫ΣˣȻûнȥǵȴ治иҰޣʵ׺ħޣңһּҺҵĳͻϵݱ˺üֱӳͻˣǲȫͽģǵ㰡һڴɽΣգҵˣô죿
꣬ȻЦ˵İɣҴӦ㣬뵽ħ޵ȥȥ˳ûȥҽּԷΧڲ˰ɣ
׻˵ʲôٴ˵һʱǼĳˣʱҲμӣҲˣҲ˿𣡡
вӵܼ򵥣ҪԼˣΪ룬𸶳ŬȴκһҪԼҹһԺж
ʵϣܳΪ˾ӢֻۣҪƽƽͺ֪ˣҲ˵Ķԣж־ķȻѡ˾ͷȥɣڱִ֧ģ
ЩжĿԼס
ģյûʵֵ룬һʵֵģһϼ쳹ɽ쳣ᶨ˵
һĵһȰĿԼĶӡ

峿ĵ򵥵ϴһ㽫Ѫħһ˼ţֱɽķȥ
رϲɽ糿£·ֻԼһڱܣӴеĴ·ܹȻ͵һԾ·Գһֱӳң±һŴ
һÿϲϵķӣݶûκγı֣һ·Ŵɽڲȥ
ץסһңε˸ʮȣȻ󼸸շȵڵϣεĿĵء
һƬȽϿտĲݵأΧһСӻش֣ϴԼеʱֹһΣлУ뵽Ȼ
ĻþµĿû˴ŵȷһĺõط
ϯضȻã׼뵽״̬
һʱ䣬𽥴ͨˡҪʮгԵĿͷȻΪ˵ʵϣʦһûиκˣһܣ
ǻԼľƽȻŻĽ״̬ڱԼͨʮ磬ʼģŲٿؾ
ԼԺܹĸо·һƬ󺣣ɵĿͷһ˿˿ϵĴΧƮ
ѵЩǾ𣿡ȵ˵˫ȥٿЩγԣΧȻһƬɵģΪ
˼ΣȫʧܸգֻϢȻԼ״̬ڵ״̬Ȼٴ׼ٴγԡ
Ϊ飬ԷΪߣ
Ĭšһƪٿƪķ𻺻ش߶ʶеϵζڣһεĳ£ʶеʼһЩƮ
ЩĲٿؽ뵽˴ͨõļ磬һ˳򲻶ϵš
ֻоԼ·ǽ뵽һ״̬һָоԼ·ԲٿһУԼĲٿ£ΧһжᰴԼϵı仯
״̬ȴ͵ŴͣһĲ˼顣
ֻԭԼڱѪħŵ˿̾ȻԼǰ
ѡѵٿأ
Щϲĳű㳢ŲٿѪħȻĲٿأѪħʼΡΡζֻٶʮֵĻһҡҡڰڣգѪħڿҡ˼£ݺݵصڵϡ
Ǽ⣬ԼҲ͸ոմżҪٿѪħȥսҪһʱа
˵һεĳɹ飬Ӽᶨģڴɽ⴦Ĳƺɽִ˲ƣĳչлرһϰܹȵزٿѪħԼȥж
޹Ȼһ˿ԳԵİһƨ̱ڵϣڵĴŴ
޵ĻҪٺͻܣ޵ĻĵǾȻƲܹ࣬ԵĸоҪӵˣΪһ־ϵۣޣ޵ҪԵøΪһЩ
һԵĲݵժһݸлؽţڲݵ顣
ţ͵һͣȻһϸΧĶ
Щȷ
һԵѪħڱżһȵ棬ķϼ㵽һôβŽͣ£¶ͷȥڴ򶷵˫


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У벻ּҾȻ˷ĶֶҲˣһ껺شҵĶ߳мɨһ̱ڵϵˡ
ףĪҪ̫񣡺ּҳ˺ûкôֺǿվ˫ַؿڳ˵
ߣΪּڻǵǸּڵּңҲǸĻܹñүǿۣ˶Ƿ˵
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ֺᣬϴּҵԶӴˣҲҲˣǶּҵĻرǲԽң׳˵
˵һ֣ҵԶ߳ɫĺӣÿһѵһЦּ߻
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ߣˣ´ξûôˣ
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ȵ˶߹ˣּҵ˲ȫһеֱһƨ̱ڵϡ
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ּҵ˻뿪֮Ļٴ뵽˼ž
Զһһƨ̱ڵϣղŵǷٿؼϽ۵ֱˡ


ʮ ߱
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ȻʮֵƣȻδ˿е˷ܣǵģڵʮֵ˷ܣһ뷿󲻶ϵػص߶ͿԿˡ
ԭٿƪȻ뱻ٿصֱӵϵ˷ܵĴ˫֡
֮ǰܹǿٿسصѪħΪԼĲٿǿû뵽һѾϰ˲ٿѪħһӴѪħᵽԺԲƵļʸȻ˵ɡ
ĻѡᣬײٿصԺԵǸӵף뵽ǰһ
뵽⣬뵽ľĸõķ룬СЯᡣ
ܵһĸ׵ķ䣬ܿҵĸƽʱ·ϸ룬룬ѡʮϸ룬Ŀ಻٣ٶĻԼҪٿЩĻԼһָĸ
ĵЩϸ룬Ȳľ볢һԼղŵȷ̫ˣֻӳ緹Ȼźĸ˵һֱȥ
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ֻȻǲ̫һϸϵȣҡҡͷӻüŬ
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˿ѾĶڵϵҰãЦЦȻ£ںơ
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ۣٴν뵽ԺƬɵ硣
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ǣЩɻüͷȷţ֮ǰԼԺоûĿռ䣡
ǾǽеģΪʲôѵǣ
۾һʲôһ㣬ѵ˵ЩҿԲٿصľ
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뵽۾Űաһʽȥһʱ䣬ʱ޿̲ȴЧ΢ʥֽԼĶҪˡ
Ű·߿ʼڣϲ鷢ˣǸͻȻֵСУһҺ建Ʈ䣬ȻĲٿزϵھѭ
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ĳһ˷·ɽһ㣬͵˫ֽӡݺݵƳ

ͻȻԴϿգлһɫУȻ͵ĳһĻһ쳹һβͣȻ͵һ죬Ļ·һ㽫ǰĿռɡ
죬ǰԶ򼸺ȫΧ˲ΧһյĺһƬߡ
һĶڵϣŴͿǰֵһľ޴֣һֱֱԶĺӱߣ˰ߵĺӰܿдĺˮӿȻḺ́һССˮ塣
Ŵͣ˲ղС˵һ
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峿̫ĵһƹսɽȻɽµļʱֵּġ
еּ˾ѾȻ½½ĳżе䳡ȥּ˴˷һۣһʱ䣬ĴܿȺϵȥˡ
ּҴԵһʮϾɵķڣ͸еĴϣһ갲ڴϣ·Ѿ˺ܾˣȣһ
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ȥˣЦŶʰ˵
ȥɣʰЩ͹ȥЦ߹һ壬úñ֣ȥģ
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תһĿǽߵϵı˲Ϳ
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һ㶣ܿ骵˼һЦ骵ļ򣬡߰һйȻǸߣʱҲ˵д
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λֵּҵĳ񣬽ּҹаʮλӿԾϴȻΪĳԱ
ˣϻ˵ǽеһнҪμӳĺӽ䳡վã
䣡
ѾȲĺ̺һȻԾİմãЩ鲻̫ðƵ˶Ѿλվõ´˵ҰдȻվ󷽡
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ʼվڳϯԱߵ춼ڴϱƽκε仯
ҪСһʱƺͻƣҲ²弶ȭʦмСĿѾ뵽ȭʦϿԼڴķСĳѵ
ҲȭʦѣүүɲҪǣһǰҾѾ߼ȭʦˣƮƮɨһλãȻν˵
ǺǣʵȻʮֵĽֻǸ㲻Ҫ̫һԵ˵ӾǶԼĲ̣
ģһὫԶԶ˦ģʵǻָûָʵҵӰ첻Ǻܴ󣡡˵


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峤һ£μӳĺȫڹ㳡׼ܽĳʽ
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ϾǼҪһǣҲֱӾܾԣֻðĴڶеȴԼĴ
ʱһһĹȥʵǵȲˣʼ۾Ŀ˯ˡ

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ˣȹϲǳɹ꣬ǽ磬ԼĸĸսɳȻΪչǼˮƽʱ䣬ĳѾں˸ָʯСͬǼ򵥵ȴЧԤʵķÿһ˿ѡһʯǰԣֻҪܹһȭ飬˵ѾﵽӦĵȼ
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ЩǸոմӴɽпɳʯ飬κεΪˣǣǵıʱ䣡
εĲȻǶϺϣֻϴӻͳһᣬȻ󷭵ĳһҳһ֡
࣡
һЩĴȺ߳Ȼڴҵע»ߵ˾ʯĹ㳡룬ϸ˼һȻֱߵһǧľʯǰ
ǰЩʯȫɽгĴʯܶȼӲȼǿһ㶼ΧǷӻǽΧǽʯϡ
һȻȻԥǰһǧľʯȥ
䣡
޴Ȼһȵɢȥ˲ſǰʯѾ׵˼ʮСʯ顣
ϵͷԷĳɼϸ
üͷһȻһһԵǧʯȥһ֮󣬺ԥһȺھʯϣһʯ˿δ
ʧܣѡԣҡҡͷȻ˵
Щ˼ͷˣҵʵҪս弶ȭʦ»Щѣ
˵ע£ٴߵǧľʯǰһûмųȭ΢һ£Ȼһȭ
һƺǻʮǾʯƺûκεķӦ˽ʮӲȻмѣ롣
ļнȭʦϵͷȻϼʵ


ʮ ʵ
ǰһǰȥԼʵһʱЩѣԼӦѡصʯأ
üͷ΢壬Լڵʵ˵Ӧ߼ȭʦˣǾʲô̶ҲǺϾƽʱûϰȥԡ
ԼôֱӱֳĻⲻԸһߣκ¾ԲὫԼеȫֳΣյʱżпܾԼһ
ϳǸСӣղѾԹˣһʼǼһﻹרܵǧľʯǰȥԣŪûͷγȫʧܸգֻ˵ĳЦѡǧٽľʯȻǿʯ飬ȻļȭʦĳƺһһʱҲɹ츳Ѿǲ
һЦʯǰֱӴٽһǧȻߣƺϲֱĿĸо·ÿһߵúͣǧľʯǰ
ǧľ弶нȭʦܹɹʯĻôʹɹĽ弶ȭʦʮ弶ȭʦڼѾǺܲ츳ˡ
ɨһȦΧȺڣȻȭ͵һȭʯ롣
һȭֱӽǰ߻Ҫߵľʯһȭ飬һϴСʯ飬Ӷ弶ȭʦѹ
á
ΧŮһ󾪺⼸ĿǰΪֹɼõһˣǰȻмǿܹʸΪ弶ȭʦȴɵʮֳһǴʯʯСͿԿ
̧ͷͦصĿΧˣܴҵ۷׷ףʮһ̣·Լ˿̲ؼһ㡣
ҲģȻ߲ԾĴɨһ˿мı顣
ָΣɲκ˶Գɹģߣ
弶ȭʦϵͷȻһָԱߵǧľʯȥǸ
ǡһûнȭʦƾεţԼʵʮֵģ˿ϾȻԼȥԴȭʦǧʯɫʱ
ûϵһ£ƢȽº͵ЦЦȻָָһԣһĶ
۾һż˵棬λ϶Լֳӣͬ˵ǰоЩƮƮȻ
ǣ͵ĴȻһ߳Լһɫʯǰ̧ͷ˿ʮ߶ȣһ˿⣬Χ˵۷׷ףǸоʮֵӡ
ƣ
͵һȭӳȻݺݵػǰʯ飬޴ײ쳹ڹ㳡ΧÿһС
ǡ
һʯѵͻȻһϲѵԼƷڽȭʦ
ԽԽΧ̲ס˵ȫСĿǰʯͷ
ܿ죬һϸСѷˣȭͷеĲλһɢȻڶ϶һӺüѷͬʱʯǰ˱Ƚǣѷа׵ľֹͣ졣
Ȼûʯһ˶鲻Խ̾һ
ɶ񣡲һͳɹˣʮֲĵһȭͷ
ǺǣѾʮֲˣ״̬ͻ弶ȭʦȭʦʱѾԶˣƽʱЦĶϾȻһЦļ򣬿ӶɼѾʮˡ
ǣϵĹ˷۹⿴ޱĿߣΧһ˷ܵγĶԱȣ̲סٴЦһ
װɣҵҪж£ʵǰվǸСѣ
ȻûԷĻ˿̳ϵһɫȹˣվЩ޴ʯǰԵĽ
ȴûбֳκεӳϸĿһֱ֮ǧľʯվھʯǰƤͷƽ˼ȻʹΧһ󼤵
ǻر۾һӨ֣ķŵʯ棬ڸʯһ㣬ĳһ̣ͻȻһȣȻǰ̧Ȼ͵£һźݺݵʯ档
䣡
޴ʯͷͻȻһ̯ʯΧһеźǵŮǰһ£ÿһٵĺִ˲ƣĻ
ļȭʦϵϺ¶һ˿Ͱ΢ЦҪҪһһȼ
Լ˫֣ЩƤͷˣϣԼʵʮڼĻҲܳɹģ
ϵû˵ʲôͷȻϼĳɼ
ļȭʦһ𣡡
ৣ
ȭĿٴȫǸһվڹ㳡ϵϣһ˫ָԺ󣬺ΧûκεȤ
˵߶ԼϣЩ̫Ӧʼ磬Ȼŵͷǰһȥ
˵߶ǰŵĺϣǵжֻһ뷨ķʲôıأ


ڶʮ ǧʯ
˵ע£һһŹ㳡ϵľʯȺȥ꾭ĸ飬ѾСĥĴ䲻Χ˰ŸĿ⣬ûκε仯
ҵҪһܹʲô֣վһȺ˵
ٺ٣˵ֻܴǿٽʯͷĻҲǼļ¼ˣͳɼļ¼Ǵһ˿Ļ˵
˵˼ʲô׵ıأһԵһ˲ڵŮ˶ɣ
仰ʲô˼ѵŮӾͲк𣿡һԵЩȥˣΪʲôЩһǶƫ
ٺ٣㣬ǿЦģ㲻Ҫ⣬Ҫ⣡ƺʮֵļɵڨڨĽ͵
٣쿴Ǹһ￪ʼѡĿˣͻȻС
ڴҵע£𾭹ٽľʯȻǰٴξһǧľʯûκεͣ͵Ĵǧľʯǰǹ伯һ㣬ΧľʯʵѡƷߵǧľʯǰһ۶ûУֱĿбӵ˹ȥȻƵǰȥ
⡭һ骳ָͣǰ𣬡̫˰ɣѵΪ𣿡
ߣھװģıְɣῴζˣһ۾ȴһֻض
˿Ѿ߹ǧľʯǰ߾ǧľʯĺʲôÿһ˶
ȭʦ
Ȼѹֵĺһֱߵǧľʯǰֱ˿̣˵һͣͣվǧľʯǰԴƺ˼ʲô⡣
˶вԾĲ²᲻ɹʯʱ˾°͵ˣֻϵȻҡҡͷȻתǰȥ
ŴͰȴʲô
һûнҧݺݵضųϵֻ˫ȴԺֻһڲϵ
ܣһܣСӣҵҪγ󣡡
㡭һԵĶû뵽ȻûѡǧľʯǼǰߣʶΪС̫ˣһǹǰܣһҪȥ
ֻһԵȴ͵һס˶ϵ֣ҡҡͷŶǴһɫȫ߼еϡ
ֿźۼתߣһһԵ죬ǡܹȻǲ֪ߵغСأѵΪϷ𣿱˺̫Ҫλͷ𣿡
ͷһ۴ϣȴûгԻػٴνؽתƵǸϡ

վһԣѾû֮ǰƵ΢Ц۾ضųϵв֪Щʲô
Ƥٴκݺݵضһ£˿Ѿߵ˰ǧľʯǰ
㳡žеȫעųϵǵӰ˿˶һλðĸоΪоȻڴУڴŽҪ飬Ϊ֪۽ʲôһǽذϷ
̧ͷƮƮĿһǰԼ֪߳ٱľʯĵͷǧĻȲԵֲ׵ı¶ԼĵƣӦǱȽϺʵ˰ɣ
ͣΣ֪ΪΣȻĵĺһоȻ·ͻȻһʯͷһ
뵽ԼȻɹоһŭߣһôܳɹֻŪˣˣҵҪô󣡡
ûΧ˰Ÿעӣ𻺻ر۾֣첲ֱ˱ûһĶ
һȻû˽жվסˣоʮֵѹ֣ķΧʮֵĲϲ죬Ȼ̲ס˵һﵽڸʲôвао͸Ͻѵˣ𣿡
Աߵ˿ʼһϲ˵ٺ٣ҲͻȻ֣ţƴˣ²̨
ĻδȴͻȻ·Ǳס˲ӵѼһȻֹ˴˿̳ϵˡ
ֻԭ۾Ȼ˫ۣȻ쿪ȻƳȭһȭǰľʯϣ
飡
ֻһ·ǽײһ죬˵һ־Ƕɴ۾еǿʯϡ
˿δ
ֻеǿʯһ仯ûУδκһ㣬վԭһԲ
㳡ȫһ˲סˣû뵽龹ȻģȻ˾Ԥϵܲɹǵķ˵ʱһֲʵĸо
ǳ˳飬¶һ˿ײ΢Ц
һЦĿһԱߵ죬ȴûн֪ѾԼˣ
Ӹղ˵һֱرţ漣ûг֣˽һɳ
ʧ𣿡¶һ˿Ц
Ҿ˵ôܳɹȻջһЦȴӾзӦЦȫҪͷôע⵽ˡ
ҲõĿǵļղŸŪ³Цʯͷûжһ°ǲ
ǣ
ͻȻһ쳹㳡ͬʱһЩԼˣ骶һۣͬʱӶԷп˾ȣȻϬͬʱ͵תƵһԵĳϡ


ڶʮһ ѡ
ǣ
һʯȻڹ㳡󣬵ȴ㳡ȫ
˵ע£ǰķߴ׵ľʯһŵĻһȻѿ϶ԽԽȻٵܷ䣬һգ۵ĹʯѾ˳˷϶ʯ飡
ŴͣЩ˼ʯȥǣδִʯ飬ͻȻ䣡һǰ޴ʯͻȻһȻ
һ޴ĳƮ㳡ʯмζȫĻӶ˫ǰĳ˶ûб۾෴ȫ۾ضų롣
޴ĳ赲˵ߣͻȻӳдһŲȫضŹ㳡롣
һģӰس˵ʧҵУ˵ע´ӳһĳҲɢȥ
ǾϿһۣȻȫ͵תƵĵϡ
һ͵ĿǰľЩŵŴ֮ͣԭǿʯѾʧˣһʯмҾһѰ׶ߵʯмҲֻȭͷСʯм

㳡鲻ԽһҺԭֹͣڿаûжЩŵضŵϵʯмоԼ·ǺݺݵŤԼһ£޴ʹȴòصʵ
ģ͵һӣ޴һ͵Ĵ循ŵĺݺݵһ
Ųȥϼһ˿еζӳ£ֻһЦĿųеǸ꣬Լӣһɨյ֮ҲԼʧٺΨһٴ¶˿ЦݵһΣһԭΪԼӡ
һ֮ǰǼķ˵İͬ˵ĳЦȴҧһ߳˺ڰ
ûȫ˵ĿƵעӣһ˴ȺȻѡһĽվ
ԣ֪ǰԶϲŷӦһԵ϶һۣͬʱ¶һ˿Ц
ȭʦ
·Ҫһеϴĺ
Χһ֪˿ûٻʵ˶֪Ǹ۸˰۵ķѾˡ
ܣЩĵĺ
͵͵شһ۰վԶԶԶغʹұž룬һ롣
λȹϲ˳˳ĳΪ˼ԱһԱӴԺǽᱳ˼صҲϵһ𣡼ˣ˳ܣҪŬɽûУ
ǣ
Ľ׶ΣȻǱ峤򵥵һ仰еѪԣеĺȫ쳤˲Ӵŭţ·Խ͸ܹԼԼȭȭ֮ġ
ܺã֪ǴҶԼĸ飡ڳÿһ˵ɨʱ΢΢һ٣Ȼٴν˵ҪһѡΣӦּ֪ʹɽҵĶԹһʱһ˫ˣҵìĿǰǲݵģ
ɽǼԣҵǵԷΧҪָأǣּҴδث֣ǸңĲƲɱӦô
ɱɱɱ
һβⳡµ꣬㳡˶־һĺ
ԣҪһݺݵؽѵּ֪ҵûث֣֪ҪּҵĶӦøӦĴۡ
Ҫǵѡһ˽Զӣ˽ԶΪĳԱ
µ۾ͬʱһҪ˵˵ɾǼԶӣΪڴɽµĺ˵ɽ˵ڣɽĸҲֻмԶӿԽ룬ǴԽɽȻ׽ժҩݣ弸ȫǵΪԣԶӵĳԱҲͬʱصġ
ûԸĳԱëԼЦǺǵĿȺΪԼĻüĺӣЩǼδϣ
Ը⣡Ը⣡
екȫһŮҲľ֡
˵۵ģվͬ亢ǰ˫ִĺţܹԶӣһĳԱ⽫Ƕô¶һ顣
ܿģһգ۵ĹǰĿյѾվ˽ʮ꣬ӳŮӺͼʵߵ꣬екȫվ˳
̧ͷɨһǰϺеˣֻصͷӾȻ㱨
쿴ı֣οЦҲɣʵԶӦԱˣ
Ϊһ仰ٴγΪȫĽ㣬֪˿˲ŷԭûվ׼μѡε˼
̧ͷһүүȻɨһΧ˵Ŀ⣬صͷ
ðɣ


ڶʮ Ψһѡ
ҧгݵĿųϵ𣬡һ
һס骣ٺ٣μӰɣÿԽῴʵͽ
Ļ̷Ӧ˶һۣȻ¶һĨЦݡ
ܺãԭȶıǾ͸ĳѡˣ˭ΪԼʵĿվ˵սֻҪֵܼôͿԳɹԶӣЦŶԳϵļʮ˵
ǣҪԶӾҪиΪȵľҪ֪ɽҰħ޿ɱǰͲ̶ˣԣԼŵĺǣھ͵ȫԱʵɣ
Ļո£·ĺһ¶ɫƺÿһ˶ץסڵ˵ǰһǶһվѡûһçײ
ȻҼǴȴɵֻ֪ҪԼһվôͼпܳΪʣµļʮ˵սĻԼܵĻɺֻܴҪԼһʱֲ࣬ԼĶҲ˼һȫʢ״̬ĻԼʤĻɻ
Գϵ˱̬Ĳһʱ侹Ȼû˸վ
㶸һȴһץסҡҡͷȻָָһӾ˶Է˼һһȥʱΪ˵ĵˣٺٵʱĥĥ
뵽骵ͷ˻ȻһЦĿһԵ
ҲЩȵķ־Ȼû˳ٴȥȴе˶ڿԼ
ԭҪҵһзˣ˲˴ҵ˼뻹εҡҡͷ
ȻôҳþԸɣչҪԶӵģ
ѡԸԶӲΪʲô˵ʵСʱľ岢ûʲôøУϾԼĵطΧ˶ٵĺԼһ˿ѪԵϵԣҲ᲻һ㡣
ԶӸԭǶԼΪԶӾζſԽɽĸĻԼͿԸ˽ɽʱԼĶҲкôҲһ׷ġ
һվ˳룬Χ겻֪ΪȴЦˣ·Ǵҵһͬʱɹһ㡣
ҪԶӣ˭ұȽϣǣƮƮɨһ̨£Ȼתߣһ㿴һԵʮš

̲סһ㣬͵شһȻһվĶ档
䣬д裬㵽ΪֹסûУһΪеĶϳ˵
ٺ٣ϣİɣֻд裬ôܻأ骺ٺЦǵ˵ͷ
ˣʼɣһ֣Ȼ˱ʼ
һǰǴγǲǵģû뵽ɣһ֮ǻٴվ̨ϳΪ֣骵˵ɫת䣬ҵҪǲȭʦʵһԾѵֻҪ𣿡
ǲȭʦԼԣƮƮ˵ȫûнǰһ¡
ɸ骷ŭһƽʱƾԼ۸ҷļͻȻһԼ˵ŵĻҲѹ骻ܲˡ
жı°ɣͻȻ͵һȵ棬Ȼһȭӳ
վԭ˼ûУƽע骣ҪӷףǵսʱٶȻʮֿģ
ƮƮһƶ˰λ骵ķ忰Էɹ
һδУ骺ɵķһɨȣûлͷٴһƶ˰λ骵ĹٴʧЧ˵ʯĶ˼ΣڹɵĶŶԷĹ
ٴһδЩŭĺѵֻ֪һƶ𣿡
ɫȻһȻһδ骷ӦѾߣһȭݺݵشڶԷĶϡ
㡭
δ骺骵Ѿݺݵطɳ˹㳡ݺݵˤڵϡ
ȫٴһһȭͽļȭʦ骸ɳ֣ʵѾʮֵȷ
ȭʦ
һȭʦΪ弶ȭʦҲɵһȭڼ׵һȭɡ
벻ȻĳȭʦһǴļһﾹȻһǿƵ̬ٴγ˵С
һΣӵܹôĿһγ֣һȭʦһʱٴδȭʦһԾΪȭʦһٶѾ˱Ϊּŵ졣
ûҪԣ
ɨһ³£֮ǰͬηǱ𿴵ȫ˼ĵͷ֪ԼȥҲһּǱ״̬
Ҳʮֲʵһ֣ȻԼ弶ȭʦղһȭǿǧʯĳ͸еջʮֲĵûǰ
ȻӭսμԶӵѡ𣡡


ڶʮ 
գ˻δʱѾˣѾ緹򵥵ϴˢһһʼ緹
Ҫȥˣһ߽ѪħϣһЦŶ˵
ԶӵһνɽҪ̰ͼ棬оѧϰҪһ˳磡ɽпɲͬڼУǴΣգЩĵĶ
ٺ٣ͷİɣֲСˣЦЦȻ׼õĸȻ̧ͷһЦҪȶӸһֻҰúõĸһ»ʳ
ЦŰڰֻټ·һⰲȫ
ڰ֣Ȼ첽䳡ȥԶӵĳԱＯȻͳһġ
ȵϵʱѾˣЩεķ־ȻͲԼһˣԭΪԼѾˣû뵽һġ
Ǻǣûϵ˾һ㣬ǶϰˣԶӵĶӳֺῴЦΧ
ԺҲٵˣЩ˼̧ͷһı֤
ţӰɣԣ˵һ춼ɶӳţȻһ㽲һڴɽеϢԺԺаֺչˣ˵
ǣͷȻѪħվֺԡ
ˣ˵ˣǳֺһȻ֧ʮһ˵Ķڿʼˡ
֣ҲڶУڶǰ棬ֻʼ춼ûпԼҲûʲôֻǰĸֺԡ
𣬽ɽҪĵһҪעǣʱȫڽŻԾ״̬
ȻΧԣûʲôħޣǹЩҰ޾ǿӦңﻹпˣԶԴģеʱɱ˵Ķܼ򵥣һż򵥵ƤһùĲҩ
ֺļܽڴɽУñȻĲݣһ㶼ɱ˾ɱˣ
ҪעľҵԶӣΪּҺ֮ǰԷΧһǽŵģΪҵìֵòɿ˫Խǳе£ʱǻԽȥԣڶԷ˵һּ裡
ҪȥĵطҲԷΧ֮ڵһطΪĻ⣬Ұ޲٣˫ԶӺܶʱϲԣһ׼ҵͶں棬Ҫţ
ͷĵֺĺø˲٣ǵһγԼ֮˹ԼиеЩůůġ
Զӵĸӳټʵܲǰ·ںʲôҲԼʱĵ
ӳѾ뵽򣡡һС㱨
ܺãһǵĿɱҰޣҩܲɾͲɣжʱʱʱûջǶ볷룡ֺ򵥵ķ
Ҫһ㣬סʱСΧǷԶӵ˳ûһб仯üźϵ˼óһֺһ֣ȻΧּʧΧС
ңֺһ֣Ȼǰȥ
иһʮѹֵĸоΧȫǲĴգеĵطգżᴫ޺һȻĸо
СĸֺʵûжپţΪ֮ǰԼɭп޹Ȼû˵룬ǾԲǳνɽëͷСӱˣ
ֺѾں𽲻ȫ˼ĹעΧĻ
ͻȻǰ治ԶĹľһζֺŲһͣȻһĶ˰վԭأ۾ȴضԶĹľԣһʱΧֻʣ⴦طĸO@

ͻȻһŭȻ㿴һȻȻӹľһԾֱվǰֺӳȥ
һ峤һɭ־ǣצӺͼݶʾʳضֻǵĶ죬һգ۵˲䣬Ѿֺǰ
ֻ˿ֺᲢûκεľţ΢㣬ִһĨȻһѷذֱӳУ˿̵ľѾͷϿգֺ᲻Ųæ˫ϥһڵϣȻȻһ˫ذ׺ݺݵһͱ

ֻһ̯ѪȻֻξ޴Ұǵڵ˫ȱ㲻ٶˡ
ϸһֻۣղֺһֱͱҰǵĲӣȻҰǳĹֱһӻĶӣĿƶǡ
ֺеذףʮĶԵϵҰǿƶǣȻҪĴȺϵиСŽԼŵĴУ
ǣʵϿʳõĲλҲô࣬ΪҪʳĶȽ϶ָֻ࣬ܽȡȽҪĲλߣ߰ɣһط
ֺĻո˵꣬ͻȻһֺɫȻɫ䡣
ô£Щɻʵ
ãǼźţˣֺ̧ͷһ۸ղķ͵ضһ֣
ϣ


ڶʮ ʨ
ʨͷβ׳ľ޴壬ǵһۿȥͼ߳ЩȵĿǰ޴ĶһʱЩ
¿ŷǰצ澹ȻһˣּԶӵһԱ˿̵ĶԷһֻ첲ѾҧϣѪϵ
⡭δӦֺѾһֻǰеԥǰҪһصĹϿȥ
𣡡
ֻ޴ȻһŭȻһ˦µǸ˺ݺݵ˦˹ֺͣ͵һԾȥסˡ
СģⶫǶħʨޣֺһѽס˵ˣһԻһȻ̧ͷ
һٴοǰħʱѾ˾ħޣ
Ȼڴɽ£ħ޵ĴҲ˵٣ļ⻹ǵһΣǰԼȻ𲻽զ࣬ŽǶħޣٴһĻǵǿĺֵز
ʱʨ޷Ѫɫ˫ȻǰʮС࣬׹һȻ˻һ
飡
ͻȻһ֧ʸƿմݺݵڿеʨʹͷȻݺݵһͣǽٴ
ǰͷһһʱ侹Ȼ֪ۿԷҪʱһԵһӰһȻֺݺݵغͷʨ޺ݺݵײһ
飡
Ŀǰ˱ײһξ룬ʨ޽ͣħ޵Զ׼
ԭزϵȥͷʨĿ¶׹עųԼǰȺ֮ͣѪ˫ۣӾ
⡭ʨޣֵطôħ޵ĴڣһڸϹЩȵĺ
Сһ㣬ⶫܴ󣬶ԲбҪֺͬʱ˵ĶԱߵˡ
ʮͳСĽĽǰʨްΧסȻһʼЩţǾŹ˷ܣִɽΧħ޵ļʺСΪħһ㶼ɽڲһֻʵǡ䵥ħ޵ĻôǿɾиˣΪֻҪħ޾ζħˣħ˶ЩɽΪ˵ǼΪıΪʮħ޵ƤëټһЩҩҲһħ޵ħֵǮ
˰ΧֻħЩţ겻ɨΧȺڣҲ޷ܵʨȻһȥ
ԷҪӣվڰΧȦʮͬʱ䣬ʮ֧·ǰ䵽ʨ޵Ƥëϣȴȫûд̽ȥħ޵Ƥëͳ̶Ⱦǿ
СҪˣ˴һȻ󼸸ԱͳչⲫֺһԣȻȻһȭڶԷĶϣʨһ˻ݺݵػ˳ȥ
Ŵӵδʨ޿ʼһĹǰͻȻһӰֻоǰһȻ㿴ʨԳһˣĳ鵶ֻúһű㿴ʨ޵Դֱ˵ϡ
áÿ죡Щȵĺ
һμʶչԼʵȻ֪ǿû뵽ȻǿֵزħޣһбɱҴӸղֵĶ²ǰ˼ȭʦпѾżȭʦУ뵽ԷֻҪԼŬܴﵽ۷ȭʦЩɬ
ԼڽʱҲڷٵĽţĿǰԼǺһĲģû˾ɥΪΪֱӵĽǾᡣ
ʱֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ȵԼʵһԷ
죡ȻּҵĽһԵ˺Ȼкã˷ܵĴ
ֺҲǼΪļͷһȭɵƯһֻҪһεԾˣǱϽȥ
ذףħ޵ʹһȻݺݵظһ޴ĿӣֽȥһȻͳһȭͷСԲε塣
ϸЩڶʯ壬ħ
ڴҶڴеħʱͻȻͻֻವһһ֧ʸ׼Ĵеħϣһħڿз˼£ȻԶĵϡ
δȴҷӦͻȻһԵĲݴдܳ˼ħ˶˵Ťͷܡ
ҵˣֺȷӦģһŭĴȥ׷
ٺ٣αżأȻٴˣǲҲýһϴεìˣ
ͻȻһԵ߳һȺˣվλõҵף
һ΢ЦĴˣͣϣ˵ּҵţˣдһΣ
ɫ㶣ûԷ͵һԾҪȥ׷ǰħ˵ˣȻᣬ͵һվǰסȥ·
ɫͳ˵Ϳ
ȥ׷
ֺЩŭĺķŭˣò׵ֵħ˾ȻԷˣҵһٶѾּҵʧȥġ
סǣױӦĹߴ
Χּ̳ҵȫ˭Ҳûע⣬һעͻȻһԾ͵ԾһԵ֦Ȼ·ԳһͻƶԷķ֣һӣǰ׷ȥ


ڶʮ ţ
ɽ
ԭʼУд󣬲Ͼһ޺ȺĴƬɣѵõӭһڡ
η·Գһϵ֦Ѿϲϵش۾ȴض·ǼɫӰظţ˫ľһּ΢Сľ벻ϵ̡
ͻȻǰʮȻͣμͣһԾվ˵ϡ
ҵƺû뵽ľȻһ꣡ЩĴмȥҪǲʲô塣
ֻһˣһҵĳԱЩĺСӣа㾹Ȼһ׷˲ɣ
ƮƮɨڳļһۣħ£
ٺ٣ּҵ˹Ȼȫ֪ߵغ񰡣ֵǣߣСһ棡һݸ߸ҳԱͳһѶУЦĿһ˿Ѫ˷ܡ
ߣսپּҵ˲٣ǵ˲һܹȫסһü˵
ٺ٣ģʮУܿͽ⣡ݸ߸ͷڶ͵һȵȥ
ɫ䣬ҲһԷȥͬʱӱѸٵͳѪħգۼ˵һζ
飡
ɽеĶбֱӴмϣȻеѪħǰһ޴Ŀӣʯ䣬ݸ߸ӵѾȥԶľ롣
áÿĵΧЩĺ
㡭߼ȭʦݸ߸һ˼Ķ𣬼Ǵ˻仰Լ߼ȭʦԶԼʮֵţǸղŽһԼ㱻ֱӴ˳ȥôԼĶһ߼ȭʦĻƾһиô׵ľʤԼ
߼ȭʦôܣЩ˼ĶΪ̫ᣬһʼеȫ꣬ȴͻȻ֪߼ȭʦβȣҪ֪꣬Լļ󲿷ֿɶֻļȭʦʵһҲȭʦҪ߼ȭʦĻûС
÷ϻһֱСӣϽȥҹζ࣡һ˴
ԣ˵ʣµļ˲һͳĶͻȻһŭͬʱ
нսѪħһˣȶһһĹȻٴξٵһһϮ˿˵ľ߶ȼУҸ֣ȻŲæࡣ
ǸӳɫעųϵƣԽ¾
ԭΪǸּţû뵽Ȼһļһͱ߼ȭʦǸ㹻ʱĻܱ֤պܹߵһʱ֮أ뵽ɫһӣԲ
ϣһͳеĽһһԣԥȥ
ոմһһĹƾֱевȫʶĽѪħڱֻһѸٱ˳ȥ
Žû뵽ȻܹùԼ͵Ϯ˿ûиϢĻᣬٴսȥ
ովȻٴξٵһ˵ٴصһ飡
飡
͵һ٣˫ȹ˵ϣһؿڣ˱߷ɳȥײϣȻźݺݵصڵϡ
Щĵվ˦˦ͷĲǵѪпɬû뵽ԷоȻ
СӣȷǸţ;߼ȭʦٸЩʱ䣬ֱָвңǺܿϧʹּҲμԣĨɱţҾ͸ּһ޴Ľѵɣ
ٽҪǻδжȴͻȻǰһʲôϷ˹Ϊٶ̫죬粢ûпʲôΪµǰ绹ǽٽϣܹоĹļ㣬ԼһԿԽ
ǣκˣֻǼСĺӰڼǰıʱȻһת䣬һԤĹһ㣬ӰͻȻӱԱһգȻٴϷȥ

ͻȻһӣ˫ֽ۾Ƭ̣ϵѪҺӺ˫ַ϶
һ˿Щûһ˿ͬ飡ԥĳ鵶ĲĨȥ
飡
ͻȻһһӰһҵ˵ںǰһȻսһ𣬳ᣬͻȻǰקȥ
һ֮ͬʱԷˣȻδְܼŶԷӣʼЩ
ȥˣսپ뵽Ȼ͵һȵ棬һԾһԵһ֦ϣȻѪħر˫ֲϱ仯ӳ˼ӵӡ
Ϊ飬ԷΪߣƣ


ڶʮ ߱
Ϊ飬ԷΪߣƣ
ĵ׵һŭͻȻ˿δ˷ӦѾУ
סԼ۾ʹ˻ţ۾еѪҺ˲˵գֲ
˺ԥȥһĿԼͬ飬ûи׷ʲô顣
ղšʲô˾δĺ
֪һͬС˵µ룬ȻŲ̫ȷ˵ղźһȻǾˣ
ڲ²ʱͻȻһԵĺ͵ش۾аγһȻ󳯿һ٣Сһ㣬
ɫһһǼֱӴ͸˺ָķҲ˵ϡ
סԼĸ첲Щŵţ˫ѾʧֻܲϵϣԶ㿪Ĺ
ղšǺǡһ룿һһЩ̫ŵ˵
룿༸Щļµʵ⵽ʲôʽ
Сһ㣬жһĹʽЩ죬һϣֻҪû취ˣͻȻһԳ˴Ȼԥյȥ
ЦͻȻһָ̾Ǻһȫ˶ԷϥǹУԷڹһӺݺݵˤڵϣ˺ѷεĴ
ЩϲĿԼĹȻЩϲǻǲ⣬ԼľǿʢһЩĻ¸ղŵĹֱܹӴ͸ԷϥǶǲ档
ֱ˿̣еʮȫˣЩЦ̯̯֣Ц˵ûˣ
ҵû˵Ļʶһˣ뵽ԼȻԷһ仰ˣɫЩѿ
ô죿˻һۣһʱ䲻֪ж
ǻŸʲôϣɱһԵĺԹĺˣҲȫҪȥˣ
ӳĻݺһͣ˴˶һۣһҧƸۡ
ഫ˼񣬼̷ɢǿǷɢĻ𲻿ͬʱǼԾһһлǰɱ
ûᲽСģԼ߹⼸ˣı۾Ժпʼʣµľչ̶·߲ϵѭ
˫ͻȻʼһϵпٵۻҵӡҽӡٶԽԽ죬Χ˿һͷƤ顣
⡭ʲôʽһͻȻʵ
ҪЩڻδ׼ãһϽʬһ˴һȻ󼸸ͬʱȥ
ڴҾвʮʱ򣬽˫۵ͻȻ͵˫ۣԭɫͫѾ˳ɫͫԿһڲϵ˻
һʽ߱
еŭͻȻͷϷճһɫУȻһ͵شдܳ޴ǵأһּ𺳵ķʽ˵ҰУֺʾͷϷ˼ܣȻ͵һ˦βͳŶļ˳ȥ
𣡣
޴˻ǵأδӦվǰҵ׵壬ͻȻڻʱ͵طһۡ죬Ȼ޷ȼ˲һգ۵Ĺͱճ˻ҽ
ĸ˿ԼĻ龹ȻԼǰ޷ֱӱճ˻ҽûκڵĴһӵͷܣڵһѾȫǵ

͵һŭȻһŻֱӽĸȫֽȥһգ۵Ĺ򣬵ֶ̯ɫĻҽ
һԵĺ粻֪ʲô飬ǴӸղŵĺ֪Լ˿ȫûˣԥĿһԾҪܡ
ɫһʹŻԺȴһͷʹȻ͵һβͻȻΪһ⻪ʧڿС
üͷһ壬͵һڵϵһѽϣȴͻȻ·ֱһ㲻ܿƣһŲû϶ֱӺݺݵش˶ԷĴϣһʳȻħҲӻе˦ȥԶ
˲һЩˣԥžʹվȻһһԾʧС
Ȼ׷Ǹ˾̱ڵϣЩЦҡҡͷ
ղʩչ֮߱ٴˡ
Ժʩչ߱Լ뿼ܹһƵУĻԼǿʩչǲܹɱʣµԼɾɳΪ˰ϵˣЦԼòӡ
̱ڵЩĴڴŴûעʱԭѾճɻҽΧĿͻȻĻһźɫ·һĻһڿ˼ܣѰʲô
ǡڷ˿ͻȻֵŹֶǻδӦеźͻȻһ仯Ȼ󻺻Ʈ˹
ҪվѾĲжֻĿźƮߡ
۾ϸĿ⵽ʲôź͵һδӦʱѾವһײϣȻʧˣ


ڶʮ ֮ϲ
ৣৣৣ
ͻȻһӰӣʮӰͻȻЩĴһսǺղﵽ׷ôսȻƻ
𣿡ֺЩϲķһ̱ڵϵæϸļһãûˣ
𣬸ղֺ巢û֮󣬲ʳɻΧʮּҲһĿ
ΣɫȴĽ͵ղһ·׷ȴû뵽ԷȻûܣ׼ұǰΧˣҺڴ򶷵ʱͻȻһӰǼһٶʵ̫죬˫δӦǶͻȻһڻ棬ȻֳͳΪˣҺûĹ򣬲ȻĻСˣ
װһʧӣټϸոʩչ߱ȷʵɫףּѾСǱղŵŵö·ˡ
ֺȻЩɻ󣬲˵ģҲȷǽĵطֺһӣǼһܾȳؼ˵
һ̴ɨֳȻѪħŵǿħˣѸٵĳֻʣ±ճ˽̿ľ͵ϵļѻҽԤʾղŷս

𻺻˫ۣӳľĸһеɫ죬ɬĺ
ԭǵɫ¶һ˿΢Ц
ǲ˯˺þˣоʹԼԴ֪ڻоԴлģ
ȷǺܾˣѾ˯һһҹˣЩ۵Ķ˹һϽȵʱҶ˵ˣΪ¸ң
룬¶һ˿Цڼ˶ΪʱԼģͣ˰ΧȻħͻ֣Ᵽסȴŵ߲·Ҳİɣ
ԺٴɽҪСģҪӢۣڻСΣյ鲢ܹӦģЩ۵ĿԼĶӣƢĸһģһ
İɣԺעģֻεĵͷӦʡ
ȵ뿪һ˰ڴϣ˼췢
ӹɣѾŲɣִݿƻ𶼸еһ󾪾壬ƺӦþ߱ġ
ǿʹ߱ĽԼӣȻ˯һһҹ
ԺܹһƵеĻǾһˣЦ
һܹõصĻԼ˵ʧˣʱԼֱͳ˰ϵֻܹ׸ˡ
˿ɫ𲻽ٴã۾ʼ뵽״̬
Ŀǰʵȷе˵Ӧ߼ȭʦȷеĴﵽ˺̶ֳҲǺ
źɫӰӴܽԼУȻоûʲôǸоЩֵֹġ
ոս뵽״̬ܿͷԼ蹬ϷһŷźɫϷԼһȭͷСһ֪ʲô
Ȼ⣡һ⵽ʲôأ
ǶĻԼ˿Ӧж˲Ŷԣ˿̺úõسЩͷ֮ûκεĲʸо˵һж
жĻʲô
뵽һĺɫԼڣ͸еڡ
ŲٿڲȥʹҪһ£ܲⶫƳ⡣
Ϊ׼Ĳٿرһеѭ򽥽ĿʱȻֱӴ͸ȥ·źɫԭͲһ
ûоţٴγ˼Σȫʧܸգ֪Լķǲеģϵķˡ
ٴγ˼ķҲȫʧˣεֻʱŶ
ˣⶫԼûлɣָһͻȻʧˣֻҰο˵ٴμо׼
ûдźɫԼ뵽е״ֵ̬ȴͻȻķˡ
ķ״̬֮ԭѾźɫͻȻ˱仯ȻķԭôŲ˿ɫȴԼղŵпʼ
Ϸһϲ̱۾ּо
Ȼļٴγ˱仯ǴӱԵشϵطֻһ˿˿ĺ˿̱֮һ˿ɫĹ⻪δ𷢿ʲô˿⻪ʧС
ǡЩϲкղŵָоеڵ
ģһղźԵĸܵԼһ˿
ѵ˵ⶫҲ̲סеľϲ۾ղԵĸоӡ
뵽˵ǿеļȻٴν뵽״̬
һ֪ɫոշŻ۾һ˿⣬ûκƣԵøӵľ
ȫˣЦ
źɫȫգܹоԼڷԵı绤ڵԵøӵȣѾĴ˼ȭʦȨޣٸʱһֱӽ˼ȭʦ
ЩôֵأԴüͷЩ⣡
Ѿַգ۾Ȼһѵ߱߱ãܹȡԷϵ


ڶʮ ҵŭ
´У߷ֱɫˣڴλһλɫϾˣ˵λһλЩ͵ˣ۾ǲϸΪԷѾ˯ˡ
ǷԷֱվżĹǸ˫˿ϵı鶼㿪ģ¶ݣһࡣ
ӣԭʱȥ˶̧ͷעλľȨߡ
׶ٽһε齲һ£Ͽϲŭÿһ˶֪ǿеŭ
Ǹף״һվȻɨһ۴ˣȻų˵һʮȥּԶӣԭֻҵ鷳˳һּҵ˭룬ξȻ˲Ǹϵʱּҵ˾Ȼһֻħʨޣһ԰ԭʨ޵ּҵľ񣬿˭ּҵǸ쾹Ȼһ˳Ľʨޣȡħˣʱı⣬ǼͻȻȻħȳˣ
׿һ۴ˣҶԼĻײһȥ
Ϊܹ˳ü˳ˣҴԼʮּˣҺ콻֣ȷּҵҪǿһЩ
Ϊ˲սǽһ̳ˣǵԼļطȴûмǵˣԼʮҾͲ²̫ܲԾִ˷أڰ·ȴ˵
λϵͷȻһ֣
̷˫۲ϱ˽е˿Ӻٴ۷׷ס
Ǽİ˼ȭʦҲŵʱּҵ˵˻߳һأּҵǼλϳ֣ʱ׷ʲô飬ڸϸĽһ£
ЩִٲվԭأӦһŽʱּҵȫ£ҰķԸħ̳Լõĵطȥߵ·ȴ׷ǣ̽ԷȻǸ䲻ʮĺӣǱͣ׼ɱڣһʼ˭Ҳû뵽ּҵ꾹Ȼһ׷ԭҪսپĨɱһ̸·˭룬⾹ȻجεĿʼ
·ٴλصķص㣬ʱ¼̲סٴδһ
ݺݵһҺż˵һ仰˭Ҳδ뵽Ҳʮ꾹Ȼһ߼ȭʦ
߼ȭʦôܣ
жʱһƬĪǿˣһʮô߼ȭʦĻǱ컹Ҫŵôû˵ּҳ֮⻹ţ
¶һ˿Цλ˵ʵ֮ǰҲţǵȵսɲҲˣǸĵȷȷһ߼ȭʦϲĻӦûһ߽߼ȭʦпܻͻƴﵽ˼ȭʦ
˼ȭʦ
ڳĲٴκݺݵһҺ˼ȭʦ˵һʮ߼ȭʦһܹǿĽܵĻô˼ȭʦ𺳵Ĳˡ
ҲһƤ˶ּĳһصĻôԼʮֲġ
ǶԷһ߼ȭʦҲһˣʮˣټ㻹һ˼ȭʦôᱻôǱɫõ˵ЩʼЩǸصˡ
Ļƺ뵽ʲôֲһ岻ϵĲ˺һǿԼ侲
˵ĺܶԣһʼǸСӵȷǵĶ֣Ǽ׵ľͽˣɾҪɱʱȴȴͻȻ⣬ԷϷ·ʲôһ㣬δҷӦֻоһȻҵ۾бˣϹ۾ĺһ룡
ٴλϴε飬˵ЩϲϵĻ亹һҲЩ
֮󣬺ǼҲͬʱмˣңǷһʮֲֿ¡
ķΧЩ죬˶վǸ۾ذϵˡ
ŬĻŵʱΣԺƴŴӦȥݡ
ʱûԭҿԱ֤û˵ģһ˲ͻȻȫʧˣԣܹоҺȫƾʧˣ
ң֮ǰҺ񡭡岻ϵĲţǲ֪ȥȥ
˶һżضǰһ޲һӽǰһԴǿȻ󿴿浽ʲô
㵽ʲô̲סˣʵ
ҡҺ̲סĺ˳


ڶʮ Ļ
еЩ죬ÿһ˶ɨΧˣԼղƺˣ
Ϊҵ峤еԼʮܴ̼ԾŲһӣеԼƤЩ˶ǣŬҪԼ΢ȻһЩ
㡭ȷûǡʱоԼЩ仯ɿ˻ƣȫûƽʱϣҪ֪ǿǴ˵еĶﰡ
ǧȷ¾ûȷ˵֮ûκζ²²ǵ˿ȫ׶༪ˣҲʱ²ųߵģ
һֱվһδͻȻϴּҶʱǸصĸ֣ʱȻûмԷıˣЩڿеļʸȴȷԼ̵ӡٴ뵽ˣ׵Ժвһ뷨
ѵʲôϵ
ܿ׾˦˦ԴԺе뷨˦˳ȥܣϴεֳһĳģңҪַʵʮָǿУԷֻһѣܵģ
λϵͻȻԼӵı仯Щɻ󣬡׶ôˣɫѿ
׺Լײæ̧ͷûʲôףֻǸղ뵽һЩ飬ˣ
ʲô飿ɻʵ
׿ɷ񻹵ϴκǴ澭ղĻ㱨ղŻϴεһĹǲܵģǺˣ
ҲΪԼӵ뷨Щ̫쿪ˣǲ̫ܣּܹͲڴɽĵλһǧˣҪּ֪ҿҲԻ͹ģˣ
ҡҡͷҲΪԼղŵ뷨Щ̫ˣ˵ף˵սѾȥ̸Ѿȫճ˻ҽ·ͻȻ֮һΧһȫˣּҵΪ˻ȡһжˣûз˵ټȫˣ
ɫǿʮ˵ľӢСӰڵ˵һشȻ˽ǣǾԻҵʿ䣬ԭҪشּȴû뵽͵ɷʴһס
ϵңǵļ

˵ʵûԭӲԸ뵽Լĺĵط
䳡
ＸΪʢĵط˼Ĵϲ֮⣬ʣµľǺǵˡ
ˣ촵ţＸΪæĵط
СʱľΪĲȺһʼǴҼųһˣȵº𽥵ѡ˲ȥӽǣܶʱͯ궼һ˶ȹġ
Ϊȭʦ⿿ܶʱҪܣһõļܹȭʦʵ绢ҲǷΪŵȵģһʮͬȻҲǲһ
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˵һѧϰؼȭʦͬȼûѧϰؼȭʦԿôǵʤȻǲԶ
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ڴɽɽ£ּҲʲôż壬Դĸ޹ʧ٣ּҵĵλһǧɣֱΪɽΧûС
ٲõļ壬ּҲЩ̵ģϾּҲԻ͹
ĵԭֵ䳡̰ȥ궼ͣ𣬾Ƿʲôֵһ㡣Ͼ֮ǰҵĸо̫ƧӲġ
ԭڶŮҲͣЩĿ
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ٴοԼЩţеԼ˷·ҪϢˣЩִٲֱӵͷضԼĽż⣬ܹԼǿ
ϧȴһȻֱӴӼŮԴкûд򣬷·İ·һֱӲ
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Ů³һʲô񳹵׵ķˡ
Щ˾Ҳûˣ


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ϸһǰ߿ʯɫЩѿԭЩڴҲʧ
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ЩʯɨȭηƣѵҡҡͷûʺԼؼˣ
²ЩʯǼѧϰģԼʵӦûһЩߵȼؼȻĻڴɽ㡣
ҡҡͷת׼뿪ǡɨһһѾ绯ʮصʯ档
ʯǷ绯ʮˣԭǷı߽߱ǽǶѾĿˣԼԼԿʲô壬ȴһֶϲ
شʯָʯãһĩ״ʯ۲ϵĻ䣬ּѾʴĿԭӡ
ϸ˰죬Ҳֻܹ˵ļ֣
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ѵҲһؼЩȵ
ҲһؼĻΪλ˵ưܣһƵ֮ûһõϢ
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ͻȻһЩԽεı𣬴˼άת㿴ɫ΢վŮͷԴߣЩӵĲӣ֪ʲôʱǵĹϵѾСʱܡ
÷ϣȥӴҵ˲㣡
£̾һ̲סʵ
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ƽĻЩΣԼڵʵֻܹѧϰļؼʵȴѾЩؼмһˣڼĲ֮࣬ǰоһ̡
ǡģؼֻЩ⹫Ķ峤￴ţǼ˵ȼﵽ˿ߵؼ󣬻ֱȥ峤ģһԼ֪Ϣȫ˳
Ŷԭüͷһ壬ָǰ绯صʯʵ֪ʯô𣿡
һָʯҡҡͷʯ˵ܾ֮ǰˣϸҲˣ
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˵תֱ뿪ˣûٴζĴ㡣
ˮı֣Щɬԭ˿ʮ׽쿪޼ɵЦһƺԼִݻˣ
Բ𣡡ԶȥıӰС˵

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ЦŸԼһ裬Ȼ̧ͷڼʮֳͷԼӡ
⼸ʮֲԼӱֳ˾˵츳ûٸ˵һΪֳѾȺ˺ݺݵرͣ
оϴڴɽõǿħһüǮҪǻ϶ͷʧ˽ʮӢĵ顣
ԣһؼһԼĶԵо飬ԺҲ޷ӭУʵʵ˵
뷨ܲڱֳѾڼλãᲢˣүүϣܹﵽ۷ȭʦһǸߵ磬үүͼеĺܶ˵Ƕһӵ룬үүˣֻܹڼһϣ
ƵĿ𣬡ѾǾżȭʦֻҪŬŬͼпܳΪΪߣ˵Ǽ˵ϣԭүүѾˣû뵽ʮֵĲҵӾȻҲֳ˼Ϊɫ츳үүһҰģүү룬֮ǷܹһӳλߣĻּҽɽҵҪЩҽּҷеļ廹ʲô˵
̾үү͸һ˵һУҲΪ˷Լһּ黳ȷԼܹġ
үүȷмؼҲı֮һ˵˵Ҫѧϰһ֣ЦǺǵĿԼӣôô⡣
üͷ˼һԼ߼ȭʦǱƺֱ֪Ҫѧϰ߼ؼĻ»ֱһ䶯ǵȼ̫͵Լֿϣ⵽ȷһ⡣
үүûؼ뻹ǾѧϰһؼȲǵȼ̫ߣҲʺڵԼѧϰ
첻¶һ˿ε飬Ǽ廹ûؼı弶ؼһ߼ؼһżؼһʮؼѾǼôղˣ
пɬȻղز
Ҫѡһ߼ؼԺȴͻȻһʵүү֪䳡ǿ绯ʯǲҲһؼ


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Ҳһʣȴû뵽ԼĻȻүүķӦ֮
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үүô£ЩȵעԼүүò顣
ʵҲûʲôҡҡͷȻſλ
Ǽʵ֮ǰѾˣ֮Ҹ̫үүСʱѾʱҲǶˣǣʯȴǼҪãǼ彨ʱʯѾˣʲôʱҲǲˣΪһϢѾʮֵģˣǵʱϢȻҪĶ࣡
ʯϼصһؼ˵һʮؼ˵֮캳ʮֵľˣЩǼ˲Ƿ·ʲôһ㣬ûκܹѧᣬȻǵڣʽ˴˴ؼȻڴɽãٴγּң
һû뵽ּҾȻʯԨԴ
ڽʯϵݸϣܹΪұȥǲ֪ΪΣӵڶ˿ʼҲûܹѧɣʹżѧһаʽģȴһؼⲿؼе峤㸸ȫԹ޲źķҲǼҵһߣ
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ʦү˵һԽؼ
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ʦүµĻ٣ֻǽⲿؼԽʵҲֻһЩţûᵽ裬ʱʹžѾɽˣܹؼڻͨĻǽһֶôǿĴڣҲΪʲôǼÿһǰͺ̵ԭ򣡡
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֪Щһ̲סҪⲿؼû취֪ⲿ֮󣬶볢һǱ˵ԼǡܹǸ̬ؼүүԸ㣬ҪӦүүһ飡
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𿴵ĲŽ˵ⲿؼǼЩʵԼ츳ߵ˶ĶѧϰϾʵߵչЩߣһģЩ꣬Ǽûһ˳ɹ˵һˣҽǸ쿴ڳһʱջѡˣĥ˵ĶһԭҪԭǲţãȴһջûУ
ҪӦңһ¾ͺã򲻿ɵԼ
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Ѿ˽ˣֱȴһ㶼ûнչһͷ۵ؼҡҡͷЩΡ
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Ҫ֪ԼĶѵʱϰľһƵؼ
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ڵչ̶·ڲϵѭߣ·һСϪһÿһ䣬Ȼղȫ㼯
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ÿһطڷţԭϸС΢ľ֣ȻͨڵѪγһ塣
ϲϵ亹䣬ɼڷı仯ʮܵģüͷʹʹ𶼽ҧţּͲεԸһδεĴͦ
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޴ĺȻǰһͻȻƾճһȭӡ
Ȼ벻˼ȭʦȭ羹ȻܹôˣЩȵĿԼղŵһȭɵ
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ղ˼ȭʦʱǽڵڸĻڣܹԵĸоھı仯ԭȺܶǸ֪ϸ΢ȫͨͨһ顣
ȻɹǾȥһ°˼ȭʦΰɣͻȻƣЦȻ͵һβڵϵѪħֲڱһȵ棬Ծɭڲȥ
һεǹƥĴɽأгЩ֮⣬ʣµľһ˿ڴȻûаĺ£
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ոս뵽ɽأΪ˱֤ܹ˳߳ȥһ·˽ԼܹʶĶؼǺš
ò˵ʮֵĲһ븹ؾͷһֻħޣݼϵϵһֻһħһ
һħޣƢ꣬ǰ˳żó
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һƺΣŽֱ͵ϮóѵʱͷһȻ̧ͷȻ̧𳤳𷢶˹
飡
ѪħһһֱӵĶ˺˼ſվһһǰϥ£޴嶼̲סһ
θովûиԷκλᣬٴһӣ˲һԣûκˮľٵ㿳
һһ˻ûз޴Դ͹˵ϣѪħϲϵѪȻԸղԼһʮֵ⡣
ѪħĲøɾڱȻŴȡذһһĲӣһ޴Ŀֱֽ֮ȥһ
ڣŵüͷ¶һ˿΢Цջ֣һŷŻɫâħ˷ҫۡ
ЦŵͷȻħ˷ŻصԼŵĴУһǰһʬ壬һϧϧʬ̫󣬾̫ԶȻĻëƤҲһ
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ͻȻһŭ𽫳˼еѣ𾪺һͷž͸оͷƤһ顣
ġĽħޡӰǣ


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ǰһֻѪͱȸղŵһҪһļһĵ׷һ˿ɬ
ѹм岻׽ɽأԭӦþΪԼоӢ˵ʵɱͷͽħӦòʲôѵ飬ϸ߽ħ޵ļʻʮִģ˲Ըðյԭ
ӰǣĽħޣԣóٶȣƶ磬ƤëӲͭǽǣȭʦ
֮ǰӰǵĽܣһɬһȻôöԸġ
ĵĴӱѪħУĵ΢һ㣬ʱҪѾǲܵˣٶȲܱӰǻҪ졣
ⷴв̬СԼǱ˺衭Ļ³ɳģҲĥ𲻷̬̬ͶȻҪһͬ˳࣬ңͬ˹Ķů
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뵽в˺飬ĳĬǺ£ʱҪͷţʵڴɽأΧûκˣеٴα
԰˼ȭʦʵɣҧҧ⣬˫յעǰһзһĨȡ
˲ûмŹʮֽĹ۲ŶԷӰƺû뵽ΪһСһڿԼʱûһ˿Ľţгһ˿˷֮顣
˼ӣӰȼֲסˣħʼħޣٸҲܳࡣ
һſѪڣ޴һԾ𣬺ԥȥ
áÿ죡
иո뷨ӰǵѪھѾǰԱһʮǱĶԷһ
ع˼Ŀǰһղ˵ľ룬˵ҲʮףһﾹȻһգ۵ĹͻȻԼǰ·һһ˿һΪʲôӰǡ
ȵĹӰѾʼ˵ڶ̧һȻ˱һײ˳ȥӰǵײѪħϷ޴ľѪħ䣬ֻоһ顣
ڵϴһԥһԾ͵سһԵһþ飬η·һ㲻ϵղŵĽǷԼĿǰʵ»һΪֱĿǰΪֹһĹûУȫʵǱķأ׾Ӱǵٶʵ̫ˡ
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пЦЩȻܹһҰ޽Ƕȥ˼ˡ
žڲϵѾˣͻȻ͵һɣȻһշڿһһٰʮת弱ȥ
ӰǻûзӦʱȻվȥڼҪѪҺ˫ֿʼٵĽӡھһϵۻҵĽӡ֮Ȼ˫ۣ۾гźɫĻ档
Ϊ飬ԷΪߣƣ
ĵ׵һŭļʮϸ·һɳŴ˿ոڿеӰǷȥ
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һһＴصʱȻ˫һָеϸ·ܵĳָһγֱߣȻӰǵ۾ϮȥδһӦʮϸѾȫ˽ȥ
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һȻӰǵ۾ϸͱϡãԭرϴȻǲᣬһȻӰǵߣȻԥľȭ
Ҳʶһİ˼ȭʦʵɣ
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һŵ棬ӵӰԣȭͷ·һ㲻ϵһĶϣ
ˣˣˣ
Լ֪ӳ˶ȭ󼸺ûˣϵӰѾһƨɺݺݵ̱ڵϡ
ڵĴŴǻ·һ㲻ϵղŵսľеƽʱűʵĲΪƽʱȻҲľȴûʲôΣգԼеȷʵⲫ΢иش۾ֽšðյ鲢κ˶ܹġ
ЩѵתͷǰͷԼɱħޣһĨԺͼ
ҪվժȡħˣҪ֪һֻĽħӰǵħ˿ǼֵƵģܹһٸңڼ˵һʲСĲƸˡ
ϧոһˤ˵ϣˡ
𳤳ĺһ¶һεЦݣǻδٴγԣϵЦݾͿʼýӲΪߵǰ֪ʲôʱͻȻֳһͷӰǣ˿һµĴԼڴԼζʳ
Ŷ˶壬ûκεˣЩɬĿһԶӰǣһ˿ΣѵҪ𣿡
𣡡


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ǰͻȻ˹Ӱǣûо¶һ˿Ц
벻ԼȻֵطԭԼ֮ǰܵЩʵһĲֵ
ͷžǰѪħʹǵһҲ־ܡ
ԼвϷŴӰǣһθо٣ܵϢϵĽӽʱǰӰͻȻһУע£ڿбһŽ̿Ȼɷĩӿе
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ע£еĳһͻȻһ󻺻䶯ȻһٻӰسС
мˣŮǣ
һϮɫ޳ȹĹˣǧ˿һɫ˿ڱĻΣٲҡҷĳеĸӵ
Өĸ󣬱ӨСţЦЦụ̈ü£ʩ죬ЦȻһһЦȻɡ
ЩˣСڴɽµļУʲôʱ˳ɫŮ·䷲ӣմһ˿۳ַ·Ȫеѩ͸һ
̶ǵһα˵עӣǰ󵨵ĽЩ̶꣬Ȼûһ˿ŭΪӶԷпһ˿֮һ
峺ӣ̶жϢͷ·ʵһƷȴӣ󵨶ֱӣȴûκһ˿µζҲ̶Ϊ֪ڶûжŭԭ
ûУʹٲŭǱ˶ôã̶ɫҲЩ΢죬õĺ
˿̲ŷԼĲòæջߣЩεĿһԣȴϵţްޣ
̶ȤĴһȻֿһԵһֻɱӰǡ
ǰ˼ȭʦ̶ƿڶ˵ЩˣΪ֪Լ˵Щ
ȻҲ˶ԷеĲм̧ͷ̶һֻۣ˿ûκεĸɫʡ
ô˼ȭʦܲķۣ
̶еĻҩζЩЦĿǰԼꡣ
ûб˼ֻʣΪνǰ˼ȭʦһ˵ǹƥĳħ޵ĵط̶Ҳ֪ԼΪҪ͡
ԷԼİ˼ȭʦƺʮֵĲ⣬ղӰʱ״̬ͲòˣԼƴƴĲǿɱһֻӰǣǶԷһָǰӰֱӱһ̯ĩеĲ಻˵ԼҲܹ֡
ղŹžˣ֪˿ŷֶԷһŮӾȻǵĳɽأҲ̫˰ɣ
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̶ȻҲǷߵı仯Щŭĺݺݵصһðļһ
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ͻȻʲôһ㣬æվȻڵϵĻҽвϵѰʲô
̶΢ЩֵĿŶԷĹٶ֪Էʲô
ҵˣӵϼһȭͷСĶϸĲһʽղŻɻҽӰϵħˡ
ŮƲƲ죬ղž
ʮĿһеħˣǽħ˵ݵŮӵУɱģħӦ㣡
̶Щ֪Ŀħ˾ٵԼǰҡҲҪⶫ
Щ棬ǺöһĽħܹϰٽأ
̶ЩЦĿǰ꣬һĽħ˾˷ܳ
δԷ仰˼ֻŮ뻳Ȼͳһɫħˣ㣬ײħˣ
塭סЩ𺳵ĺ֣Ҫ֪ײĽײ޵Ľ尡ʮ۷ȭʦĴڣǰŮ˵ħ·Ƿһ㲻ֵǮ
㡭㵽˭ЩıѪħضǰŮӸղŶԷֳһֿԼǶԷһ֮ڡ
Ŷˣҽ̣
Ǹոһ㣬ŮͻȻ˫ָ󣬰СԴЦעЦȻȻɣ


ʮ Ů
ʱ𶼻оʮֵղԼһǻû뵽ǹ˰ʱԼȻͺһİƯŮڴɽصĲݵ̸
ٴ͵͵شǰ̵Ů𲻽Щ죬벻ϾȻ˽ɫļˡ
ڲݵϣӨ󣬴а׵İһ˿ͷ·һһΧĻþ뵽һ˿һ۾ͻʤգҲһ
ȻǷߣЩɬתһӣԼӵסʲôʱ˸˽ðĴԼԼʶЩǸʱǫ
̶ĽԼ·ˣȻŴɽһߵȻлһЩɻ󣬵ȴ֪Ƽˮ꣬˼ҶԼЩҲӦõġ
Ҳûٸʵ׵˼˶µĹⲻȥ̽Էĵϸ쵹Ҳá
㡭ղŵһʲôʽôôңҿʵƺǿٶ۷ȭʦʵˣղʹõһһؼô
·ǵһ㽲ЩŷԼĻЩðʧˣæŽ͵㲻ҪⰡֻǡֻЩ棡
עԼǰִٲ꣬ЩЦȻǸܺļһ
ҿʵŰ˼ȭǰɣҵʵ͵۷ȭʦʵɣҸղɱӰǵʱʹõĿɲʲôؼҿղҲʹùӦҲһʦɣѵ㲻֪
Щ˼ͷԼ֪һ˵ʵңϸĻԼȷʵʲô֪ˡ
ڵԼͷ·еҰ򣬶һŲ֪ʮֲԸ⿴Ҳòӵһ顣
̶ԴϸĴһ𣬷ȷʵûƭԼ󣬲ЦŽ͵Ĳ֪һЩ֪־ȻһٿطǲǸĳƺһСأ
ЩεǼ⣬Լȷǲ֪Ļ֣ޡЩҲ⼸ŸոŪףԼȴһĹҲΪĴڣܹߵһ
ԼеѪħͻȻȤζһ촽룬ǸԼѪħл˯һ֪᲻᲻ô򶨣
Ȼǲ֪е뷨һ˼·̴˵
Ȼܹ˵ԵҾ΢㽲һ¹޵֪ʶɣһһ˽˰ɣ
ͷȻעǰŮз֮ǰˣһйصĶͻóڵĳտ
ʵԵһʽޣ۷ȭʦɹᵤĸ֮תΪߣ֮·ÿһȼǽ޷ǲЩԪ޾ͬߣŵȼʵԲٿȻԪ֮ΪԼãǾʦʵ¼ȫıԼ߱ľ̶ˣ˵ľ嫣ͿߵĺԶ˵ľѷҲͽܹż
Կô˵Ǳ޸ΪӼһ·ڸʵĲͬЩ˸ܹоڳΪʦ֮ǰ뱻֮ţҲǴҳ˵ġֻۡԼ忪ܹ򵥵Ĳеľô֤ѧϰΪʦʣȻ㲻ܹۣôⱲӶܳΪʦ
ЩԺĿһ𣬡ҲΪξʦҪԭˣͷ·һֹÿһ֮һżܹͨԼʵɹͻƵıΪʦתΪްɣڴ½ϣʦݸ߹˳ĳ
û뵽Լոŵ޾Ȼô˵Ȼ˵Ŀ̣ʲôһ㣬ͻȻʵôʦ֮һҲϸĵȼɣ
̶ͷʦΪʮһʦΪĵΪм߼֮Ϊ߼а˼ʦΪżʦΪʣʮ֮ΪʥϾͲö֪ˣΪܹĵΪʥľأʹ½ˣ
һȻˣ޻޶ϸĵȼ䣬Ҷһ֮·ֻвϵܹһʵǡ
ȭʦؼתΪߺǹھʦʮϸĽ͵
ϸЩٴָĴһ̣ԶԷٴһµʶЩԼүү֪ǰԼŮȻ֪ϸɼıԼܹġ
ٴνһ飬̧ͷһգȻվϵĿݲݣʱ䲻ˣҸûȥˣԽʱԽΣյġ
ʲôЩŤĿǰŮ㲻˵·ҪҪȸһȥɡģûб˼ֻǡֻǴɽأΧħޣһŮʮΣյģǼɽ£һȥĻʮֵİȫ
û뵽ԼҲоִٲʱЩڳԵ˵һλͷǵȴһ㲻˵
̵ͷ˼һͻȻ̧ͷЦ˵ðҾ͸ȥһ£
͵̧ͷе˷һ֪Ϊһ˿


ʮ Ů
ּҵȫּҵļªǰǲһҵ鷳ģֵģڼּȫˣһƯЩֵŮ
ȺЩΣҲû뵽ȻЩεĿһǰһǳЦ˿ûܵӰŮεҡҡͷа̾ȻǺջˮ
ּҵĳˣ׵ŮǣЩûк¶һĽı飬Щ΢΢죬ҲԼʱɣй˵ġ
峤㣡һ꼷Ⱥ·ҵһȺܳЩִٵǰȻǶ˵ģߴһʼûд̶תƿ
֪ˣûȥЩСƨĻ࣬ת̶ЦЦ峤Щ飬һᣬҲҪȥҺܿͻ
̶ݸһЦȥæľͺãһŲĸ
̴һ󾪺̶ЦЦҪ⣬һȺûмļһ
̶ٴζǳЦҼǵõʱĳ˺Ҳһıֹ
Լʱı֣𲻽Щ죬ٴοͷһЦЦԼŮĵͷ˳Ů޳Ĳһ·΢΢¡Ѿ߹ģزϣ𲻽Щ
ԭһ˿ǳЦ̶ͻȻ˵ˣٴοԷߺ̶һʲôɫ̾벻һﾹȻ˵ɫǡ
ɫǣ
̶СĴŷӦæ˼ĽתƵĵĿһ۱󣬼ûзֺĺһٴ޵ɨһ۶Էز̶Ҫߵɫæһһ
ǸȽݣϾȻ
˵ҲԷ˵ĻᣬתߣߵԺſڻľ˵ϣеȫĵ档Ȼһȥ
ıӰ̶ЦҡҡͷԺһĴԼ˺̶תݣĽɫ档

ǸŮʲôڼ鳤ͼλȫĻش
û뵽һŮӾȻõü˴ķӦҲԣ̴ͷȫʹɽµļ˲һͷ·ԻеŮһ㣬ҲѹֻĶˡ
үүʵҲûʲôڴɽһѣЦŽ͵ȻͷβʮϸĽԼʶĹ̽һ飬ȻԼѾװ˼ȭʦ΢ڸһ£ֻ˵ԼѾ߼ȭʦȻҪɽĥһ
˵ʲôѾ߼ȭʦˣ
֮󣬹Ȼȵ̵һӴλЩĶ
㡭ղ˵Ѿ߼ȭʦˣ
Ҳû뵽ԼүүȻ˴ķӦֻõͷϵ
߼ȭʦ߼ȭʦԭȥǲ¾ٴγɹףٺٺ١
ȻԣһĶԷļ򣬡ģȻӣģ
һԵĴƲƲ죬߼ȭʦʲôõģתһ룬ǴһһԾΪڵ߼ȭʦģ뵽ϵɫҲò
˵ǸŮڴɽؼһ·ˣһԵ˼·ץסĹؼ
ǣæӦ
ܹһڴɽƽ£ӶԷһ˰Ҳ°ϵĺӳ
ܹ֤Է·ҪҪô죿ҲӸղŵļѹʵ
üͷһ壬үүҲ֪Է֪һܺңΪҪҵĻڴɽʱԷлˣҵʱȹҵүүҪһǣ̵ʵ㣬۷ȭʦ
һ仰𼸺˵ģϾһԼµŮʵȴֲԼľ˵ܹƴһѵ˼ộֻķˣ
ʲô
βˣļλҲصһλҲûһʼ򶨡
ЩŵĶ𣬡˻ɵ棬Է۷ȭʦʵ
ͷĵȼҲ֪ǶĽħӰһɱңָ
˵뻳ӻͳǿɫħˡ
⡭ǡħˣ켸Щ𾪵ĿеĶ
ɫʶϿȼͣ˵˵
ײħˣ˵ٴκֵʱ𶼸оһɬǿ۷ȭʦǿڰ
ħޡԡǡ켸ҧһһֵ³֣Ȼһðصĺ˵Ƿϵ̱ϣľе
үүû°ɣЩŵʵ
İ˰֣û£ֻû뵽СѾͷʵȻ˵ĿֲڿԿ϶ԷһǴɽҲԼ͵Ǵ½ĳһˣ
үү𣿡ЩɻʵΪүүղŵı־Ȼô
ԼڴȴЦһֻܸ㣬ײʤ֮ĳɣ
ٴһϵʵӦúû뵽ͻȻ뵽ʲôһ㣬Ȼ̧ͷԼүү
үү˼ǣѵ
Ȼе˼Щɬĵ˵ͷûЩĻСѾͷпһߣ


ʮ 
ߣ
ִĺڳȫһ𺳣䳡ϵ⼸λ˵ĸҪӵһЩ
ߣǼһ׷󣬿ֱǶûдǲϣԵ˵һʱǼɼһˡ
λϳĬ˺þãðųĺһ·ǴĵתصʵС
ԺһҪкλŮٲҪκεԹ϶ܹ;ͳΪߣԷıһ򵥣ٲСܹǵģȻԷԸǼ壬ֻҪõ֮ͺãҪöԷּκβõӡ󣡡
̴Ӽ²̶ıһ򵥣ڼ̵ʱھͿǺ˷
ģүү֪ô죡үүûпöԷ뿪壬ĺһȻֽеĶͳ
үүһ˳ǣȻϵ⼸
뽫ײħЩȵĳʵħ޵ħ˰ֵȻʮֲơ
ǣħħȻͽүүɣǼ棬⣬ϻһһħһħˣ׬Ǯ
𽫻еħȡһײħˣһһħһħˣʵϻļħӰǵħˣֻ˿̲뱩¶ԼĴ㣡
ҲãѾˣԼȥʶһҲãһסүү˵ĻҪλŮκԹ϶ܹȻõģǼʹܹöԷǼһӡҲܹԷһӡ󡣡
֪үүֻõͷӦȴڰ̾ȻʵΪ磬ʹԷֻʮ꣬һߵžԼ㹻ӣΪ峤үүòǺеĲԡ
뵽𲻽ʵ˸һ⣬ĵսеħˣһģһҪΪߣ

뿪ڼ԰УŵжʵһָͽͷӰ˷ĩ𲻽ߵӵĺ
磡
ͻȻһӵı˼еͣ½ŲЩɻתû뵽ȻǼһȺŮվڵڣҸղŵǾ仰ġ
һȺŮһ㣬϶ɫƺЩԥһҧ˹
£Щ֣ƽʱԼòƺûκεĽԷЩŮƵԼҲûȤѵʱ˷ںŮ̸˵ϡ
ǡǸ𡭡硭£ǵͨ죬ƺЩ˼ʵ磬ǸŮ˭
껰̵֮ͷЩִٲĶԼĽż⣬СץԼ½ǣϵ˺š
ҵһѣոʶģûʵʵ˵
Ŷǡĸģƺʮֲĵٴ̧ͷʵһΪʲôǼ壬ð
ΪôŮӻἷˣԭΪ̵ĳְ
Ů԰ȻǲһñǺÿҫ۵Ůӳ⵹Ҳʵ
ֻҵһѣҼ͵ģڴãҲܾãҲߣѵõĶЦЦȻЩŮӵעӣת뿪ˡ
ոһ뿪һȺŮ̳ߴߴΧʸͣǵ⣬һûضԶǵӰ
ôˣٴζԼЦˣֻǣȴΪһŮ
ΧԼſڵһȺ꣬ϲٴ¶һĨεɫȺСƨɫĲİȻΪһŮ˰졣
Զϵı˱䣬ȴû뿪ȫվһ߹ԺУûз
һߵſڣһվ̧ͷɨһǰˡ
뿪
ɫѿĶһۣûƲ骺ȻǱ˸˳ȺУϴʱȻҲӦ
ûң߲߹ʲô£
ʮ˵ҲʮΣ˭ǸŮֱС龭˼أôƯŮӣôܻ뿪Ҫ֪ǿʶһ¶ԷأǲܹʶԷһӡչҲǺõģٲж࿴ϼҲУǵ˼άԶ򵥵ġ
Ҵˣƽ˵ȺƤ湻ġ
ǿûнң˵ֻˣѵ㻹Ҫ˵ˣΪһܹùô𣿡
ɨһǰһʮ꣬еȫˣͻȻȻתƵһط
ֻԶһôϣ˫ֱһվϣ𿴵Լı΢΢һͣЩʮֲȻĽתƵ˱𴦡
кЦһôҲˣ̵治һĴ󰡣
ҡҡͷȥǰȺһԹԵ߽˼š

ҹɫգһ嫵Ǻʣɫ͵͸֦ԺУ̰Ժе£˶̧ͷעҹɫµǿգû˽
ҹɫ˫Ⱦ˫ıϥǣĿԶǿա
ûдһҲҹշԴӻָ֮ͺһǿˣ󲿷ֵʱȫˡֻʧȥŻᶮʲô
ҽǲǸ鷳ˣ̿һ˷Цʵ
عһ̣Ȼ˺öΣٴνĴ̣ȻԷ־Ķǵ𺳡
Щæҡҡͷûе飬̫ûˣһƯŮӾͲ֪룡
ƤһЦأٴһȵӣ̲Ц
ҺͲĸأǺøȻһλôƯף̼ЦҿǶľһЩ˽Ŷ벻㾹Ȼôأ
ЦʲôøпģֻһûõļˣʹŬ㿴˵Ĳ֪жôˣ
ôһأ̼ѿڶܿͷӦǡǲһģ츳ͨѾʮֲˣ
ûԷе壬ЦŰ˰֣˵Ҫȥȥһˣһȥ𣿡
üͷһ£ҲãҾ͸ߣ
¶һ˿Ц⣬ǴɽһֵˣҲСʱŵȥһˣԺҲûȥ
˼䣬ȻٴγĬһԲİͷҹգ¡
ͻȻһǻǿգβҹдһÿĻҹɫµͬʱ¶һ˿ǳǳ΢Ц


ʮ 
ɽ͵ֵͱڣḻҩԴ͵ҰħޣصĻҲʹôɽ˲ٵĴ䣬ּңҶڿɽļ塣
ʵһּҶڴɽɽµС壬С̫̫࣬û̫ĵλΪǵļ岢ûг͵񣬱ּҺңһ߶ûг֣ҲһֱΧײ㡣
ɽΧʵǱһ޴ƿţɾڤڣڤһɣһȫɵɣȻһ㸩ŴɽΧеļ塣
еļ嶼ϣԼܹ뵽ڤУȻĵλΧļһԾǧɣԾţϾû˸Һڤڽа塣
ڤڵĹϵɽΧ޴ĳǺڤǣȻȻǳϽȻٲڤڵĲ֣Ͼ½ʵǾһеȨžʵǰҲò
ּҾǴǹϽķΧڣҲʮ·ľ룬Ϊȭʦ˵ǶԶľ롣
ϽǷѺ̱߽ڽҪǷѵĹ涨ʮ֮⣬˾ȻȫҪһҵĽǷѡ
ȻѾˣǸһҵĽǷѣϾƯʵ̫䶯ˣʱŶˡ
׼ȥİ
ڴϵʯ·ϣ˶ЩĴ˹ϢĳУΧߺȽ
Ҵһҵ̽еħ˵ΧĽֵɨһ̾ԴСʱ֮ƺûٴνǡ
ħòƼֵ̫߰ɣһһħˣĽħˣܹмҾͲˣ˵Ҹǿħ˵ܹϰҵļ۸񣡡
ͷԼЩûʲô飬ǰ˽һµʱʡĳžһĽڶԷ㻨ǮһνôСûмһٽҵʵЩ
Ҫһȥ𣿡һ̣ŮӵȻһһŮ
ðҲûʲô飬ԼҲ֪ȥģ͸ɣЦ¶һ˿ŮƤЦ⣬Ȼ¶õΧ·˶̲ספۿ
ǺǣǾ߰ɣٲߣⱻ˵ϡжΧˣȤ
ϡж̽һȻûķ˷ۣϸ΢Ķ¶Ľ̬̲סһ
ˮˮе䣬æɵתߣȻǰȥ
ǷĽֵϣһϮͦΣļᶨһĺɫ޵˵ԵüΪĹ죬ɫ޵ռһΣǼʹˣ˵ȴʾһһС
ҪںԣһλȹŮ񾲵ĸԣŮ˫ָһЦЦ·˿Ůպ᲻ԾȻŻΪԼʧ̬е졣
Ϸмˣ
ǵڼŮеĽߣԵöζվһͻ߱һеϣ·˵У˷·ȫ뵽ΧĻУֺΧĻԵø롣
Ϊ̫ƯԵòʵ
ҡҡͷ;治֪ѾͷεĻ
̧ͷһǰĵ̣ٲáеĿĵˡ
ٲáһרžӪҩݺ͵ҩĵ̣ȻлиϧʯԼħħˡ
һĻþ߽ҵ̣ظ˽
λҪʲô
ոսţ̾йԱǰʵÿԵ̺󲻽һ񣬰ŷӦʶԼ̬æͷ̧ͷˡ
Ҳģִӻͳǿһ׵ħˣȻ󽻸Է
ԷһеĶһ㶣Ȼһһħˣܹħ˵һ㶼мңȭʦߣԼȻˣΪٲõһλԱɫɫ˼ˣȻǶʶ֮
ٴδһǰ꣬һɫǶŻǴڶԷȴһ˵ϣҶԷ˸ԼһʮǿľǣλԱ̾˶ۣλпܾΧɽµĳλ֮ˡ
ǣλߵλŮȴЩ͸ˣôվԭȴһ翼䲻ʵĸо˸͸
ǺǣλԭǴħˣֶҪƹԽףλ˵Է۾̵ϿһۣȻŵͷǰ·
̵ͷȻ˱ǰߵӰǰȥ
˴ĴȻǰһ¥ݣǰԱ˵ͷȻһĶǰ·
һ·ϣȻ¥һװԵľҪ¥µݻһ£˿͵ʱֻ࣬ΧһĴĹ۲ŵڰڳƷ
ǸԱ첽ǰһŽ»ߣС˵˼䣬˻عͷĿһȻڿ֮΢΢һ㶣ǺܿͷӦЦŶ˵ͷȻתԵļλС˵˼仰Ȼ
ٲõĹĪаλǴħˣϴ˵ĹеЦݣȻκεǶԷȴһֱ΢΢ĴԵ̣˵ʵĪаûжӣԵλȴĪа΢΢Ծ
Ծ̵ϴеʣɢ˿޵ĸоΪٲõĹ£ƯŮ̫ˣܶʱܹƾһ˿һĶܹжһˡ
ĪаЩ͸ǰŮҡҡͷԺеɻ˦ȥĪа˵ӿһ㡣
мħ˴˵ӻͳһһħˣȻڼǰϡ
Ϊ͸ǰ̣ĪаʮֵĿûΪȡһһħ˾һۣȻЦһħһħˣƷ಻ҿԸʮң
ͷʮѾʮֹƽˣ뻳ȻͳʣĽħˣķϡ
һһ°ɣ
⡭ĽħӰǵħˣĪаָոմħϾһȻʲôһ㣬͵ض
㡭Ǿżȭʦ
һݼž


ʮ ƺ
żȭʦ
Īа鲻Խһ仰ڴȻ󲨣ȫͣڽ̸ĶȻתòʱһľȡ
˵ʵżȭʦﲢε˾ȣΪܹ߽¥ǵʵȻ̫ͣżȭʦܹ㹻ӣӵ䣬ܹﵽʵ˭ܹ֤ԷԺδܹߵһأ
˶ʵת˹ǲŲæЦЦϰῪЦôôܻǾżȭʦأħǼĳҵģԼɱģ
Ļ˶鲻ԽĺһȻ뿪ߣԵĽ̸ûκεȤ
ĪаĿһƺ뿴һ˵ĵǲģȷʵΪĻһľżȭʦҲʵ̫һ㡣
ǺǣҶˣλղŲ˼ˣ̾͸һ¼۸񣡡
һ棬һȺĵĹ۲ߵΣվȺмһλһ󻪷꣬˿һ˷ܵĿض̣·Ƕһ㡣
һԵСĺ
ģûУ㿴ûУ⡭ŮŮһתץסĵļ˷ܵĺΪ״Ρ
ıҡȷǡŮ
ƺһɿģȻٴתƵĿһ̣ҵģҵģӦһƺŮˣ
˼ǡ۾һתڵĴ˵
ƺٺһЦ֣ȻһڵĴƺڶԷĶԶ˼䣬Ȼ̺ٺЦ˼˳ȥ
ƺ㶢Զ¶һ˿аЦٺ٣һƺ㿴ϵŮˣûһܵĵģ

һǶʮǧ˰ٸңһ£
ĪаЦŽһڴУһΪ˸Լ͸һõӡϧⱾһһеģҪһĪаȫѹԼϡ
ӹڴĵһ£һ涫һƱжʮţȻȫǽҡ
ЦŶĪаһȭҪˣҶĪ¿ļ۸ʮ⣡
ĪаЦЦٲáӪԳΪϣպõ˸õħ˿԰ٲңʱһүһļ۸񣡡
ȻȻˣиˣٴЦһȭȻתʹһɫ˻߳˰ٲá
Ƶڴϣеһӽң˵ʵһôĽңоȻеС
ҲһݣҪҪָһ㣡˻еĿڴһҵ졣
ЦȻҡҡͷҲҪ
Щ̫˼ͷɨһ´֣ȻͣһСƷС̯ϡ
ЦЦȻߵС̯ԼĿ˼ۣѡһɫħһˮԵħŮӴϲԱּˮ󣬻á
˼۸Ц̵ǰһɣ
һ㶣ûзӦЦЦȻֽԷץסȻ󻺻̧һֻֽħϸĵϵ̵ϡ
ȫЩԾĽ𣬿ŶԷϸĵĽϵԼϣһֻ־ȻסԼǵһ˽ӴԼƤҪ̾ȻûеһʱѣЩԾĶһڲ
ʮĵͷеĹæ꣬ȻʮȻɿ̧֣ͷ¶һ˿ͯƤЦݣͺÿˣ
صͷЩĿһϵԼϵıɫħԼӣǴԼ۵ȴһ˵
̧ͷԼͻȻЩЦãȴչЦݣ¶һ˿ա
ЦˣĵһҲ¶һ˿̫˼Цݡ
λС㣡Ǽȥ֪ͣСԸ͹⣡ͻȻһЦ˵
Щɻת֪ʲôʱѾվһˣȫһĿ̣ǶסҰһ
ǹλСȥСۣС͹⣡һݸ߸ӻ߳Ȼϵıȴһ㶼
ɨһǰȺˣ߸ɰΧ֮ƽ˰Χ룬һ̣СѾͷûһ˿£һЦĴǰȺˣȴӶԷЦзһ˿⡣
ԲûգͻȻȻһЦ˲ǣ


ʮ 
ԭĴϵ˴˿ѾԶԶģ΢е㵨ĶվڽֵһߣԶԶĹ۲
ŵ˫һļҶһĺӣ仹ϣ˫ĲԵȣôһȺڶĴ۸ӡ
ԶΧ۵˶ûǰæĴ㣬ΪվȺǰǸݸ߸Ӳ˶ʶƺߵĵһ߹ġ
ƺԼǳĶЩΪ˲ٻ£оٲгıߣ˶ͨ˵ʹܵ۸ҲֻǸŭԡ
Ҳû뵽ԷȻ˼û˼ֱһڻؾ㶵ͬʱٴδһǰӣЦһλƺûҵ˼ǵǵٳ
ǵ˭ǶûйϵƮƮɨЩһۣȻܹЩ˵Ŀ̣ҪȥʲôȻղ顣
ĵɫڳ׵ȥ۾ɨһۣȻЦˣ˵ע㣬ȻԼǸʲôǵ鷳ʱɾͺڶˣ
ǲζʲôǿǵĳĶӣΪļܹԿԣȰÿĸϵõʱԼļ֣֮ʱҪڶûˣ
ǰ㲻ǣʱ»ļǣһУ
ЦҡҡͷŲվ̵ǰԼжԼľ
ҴģΪôѲϵģ㻹˵һߣģ
Цû뵽Ȼ˿ɰ룬Ȼ˼վһ࣬׼ˡ
ЦһСһһӢ۾Ůˣҿɵ㣬ÿǺˣӢûɣȴԼļ֣֮
ͷ̧ͷһ۶Էûз˺܆𣿡
ΧΧ۵˲ҡҡͷΪ̫çײˣΪԱǸƯŮǰһ£ѪͷˣһһŭƢġ
Ȼĵɫ׵ĺɨһȻһӣץ
߸űһЦ˹ȥǿ߸׳Сץһֱ꣬еСˡ
̣㿿һ㣡
ûлͷ˵һ䣬ȻſʼʽǰȺȻԼʵʮţ⻹һκ˴ȺܣЩ
Сģû뵽Է˾Ȼ˵ĲҪ߸۸һȻӱ͵ϮֻһһȻֱӴӱȥҪһһƵС
ѸתһֵڶԷϣ䣬δȶԷӦһڶԷϥϣ˲˶ԷϥǹǣҶʹһ˲һԴϣȻֱӽ˸߷˳ȥ
ʣµļҲû뵽Ȼô򵥵оͽԼߵһ˸ŵˣ̼˿ˮһþսϴȭʦһ
ЩȵͣԼЩ˿ɶǳеĺ֣һ㶼߼ȭʦʵȻڶԷаܵ˵ͻȻĻһ顣
ѵѵǾżȭʦ૵ͻȻоԼ·©ʲô飬ȴô벻ʲôˣʹҡҡͷٴνתƵϣ˿ѾϽս
һȭڶԷؿڣȻһ˦ǰһӳȥ֣Դӽ˼ȭʦ֮оԼھԵ˲٣ȫ·ʹľڼʹһ߸Ȼûκѵĸо
ЩϲĴһԼ˫֣͵ȭϹһƬ⣬޾ϲͻȻ̧ͷתƵһԵϡ
Щŵ㡭ôҿǸ㣬Ҽǳѵ屻׵𣿡
ɫȻת䣬ľǱвԼвԼļˣδ֣ͻȻһЦʹ
ǺǣλСֵܹȻǺù򰡣;ܹȡʵĳʵĴ֪СֵԴɽǸ壿ʵǺ棬ʲôĸĸܹ츳꣡
ûдԷƨĴһǰԶȺлߵǰ꣬һһȣ۾ȴʱʱɨ̣е顣
˭ȫûзֶԷһʵ


ʮһ 
ΪٳƺʮֵĵַζÿܣϷһԼϵκŮˣŮٸи֮òŮڻƺ㿴ֻҪǱԼϵģǶǶԷһҡ
ʱװҲһʮֿĻԴˣƺΪȻе˼Լ뵽ľǶܣѾ೤ʱû˸վԼǰԼˣΪǵٳƺһֱΪҲԼȵֹֿ˶ա
ڳˣȻ΢Сһ㣬˸ڷԼؼҪǻƺ㷢һŮԷһɲǣƺͻȻԭԼ֮ǰЩŮ˶һЩ
ֻŮ˼Ʒ⼡գˣƺôһ˲ͻȻԼʲô氮
ֻҪӵŮ̾ͻȥʮŮߣ˵ԭ֮ǰÿԼԵĶһȺ˹֣
ԼԺһҪһһĶãƺĵ˵۾ʼնû뿪̵塣
ҵãɣСʶķϣҾͲƽˣ߰ɣС˵£ҪȢΪޣ
ƺͻȻһӣΪǳҲһˣƺоԼղһֵĶټϽЩʴȵĻеԼֱǿˣһСŮжʹ飡
椵ĵһҪؾҪöԷľʵѾĴȺģƺоղԼһֱһ˫񣬲Щϲ
ȻǲԷ˿е뷨ٳʲôȻһԼ֪ʲôѣһǳҪԼļֱ練ơ
һȴԼոʶĺѣȻʶʱһ죬ȴʮֵкøУҲòϣлһ˿㺡
Լ̽ȥֱԼֻҲΪԷŹԼ
ɨ˻ƺһۣķϻǶ࣡
ƺ㲻ŭЦǰԼҪС꣬ЦһȻǳţ»һʵжʲôʵʲôװƣ
ƺ˵꣬ͻȻ͵һȻʧԭأһƬȻ֪ƺֶӯ⻹ǵһμʶƺʵ
Цһ޻ڵһȭȻƾնſһȭֻһ޴ײƺβųǰ˵ȭͷһ𣬽뿪ķֿ
ƺ˦˦첲ȻӣѹҪӢ۾һʵ㣬Ϊֻ֮ܳΪЦ
˵ϻ໹ûԩ㣡
ûеȶԷȷ˹żһȵ棬ֱڵϲȳһɫĺۼ˷·ڵһݺݵײƺ㣬ƺ׼֮ͻȻ˫ֽһ񵲡
飡
һ޴죬ƺ屻ȥԶһξ룬Ȼвϵĵ˺üſͣס˴ΧȺڵһ󾪺û뵽龹Ȼһֽ
ƺ㳤ͣɴ۾г˲˼顣
ˡ˼ȭʦ
˵仰󣬻ƺ·Щһ㣬ͻȻĺ㾹Ȼǰ˼ȭʦ
ɳƴ̶ȴΧȺÿһ˵ĶУôһ˲ĴͣȻŷ·ʲôһˢˢĽתƵǸϣ˭Ҳû뵽ԭΪҪù꾹Ȼǰ˼ȭʦ
Ȼǰ˼ȭʦܰɣʧ
䣬Ӧûʮɣһʮİ˼ȭʦζʲôһλƺҪֵ˲ôˣ
һʮİ˼ȭʦѾκˣһλƺǸԼһ鷳
Ȼ˵ƺߵˣÿһ˵ȴһϷı飬ܹƽʱ޶ٳÿһ˶ʮ⡣
㵽ʲôˣƺ㲻Ǳһʮİ˼ȭʦζʲôκ˶κμ嶼пΪ£İֶΪУԣԼпܾڲ֪һ鷳
ƺʵ߼ȭʦԼҲûܹսʤԴ˿ԺڼٵתŸʧ
ڻƺֻѡ񣬵һԷǸȻ˫ͽԺͣȻܹöԷΪԼһ벻ԼΪС
һѡնݳһеΣضɱҡУŶԷδᣬδɴ֮ǰֱӽɱ
ϸĿһԼɱİ֮󣬻ƺͻȻֿһЦ
ǺǣλСֵܣǽһᣡҪ͵ΪֹΣԺλ뿪Ҿκε鷳Ǿ͵κҲûзΣ
ƺڶĶԷԼмɵϣԷҲԸϢˡ
ƺĻ建طܹΪҲʮ⣬Ķƺһϲ뿪˵ʲôȴͻȻǰһڣδӦʲôԼȴͻȻһݺݵײһ£Ȼ˷·Ƕߵķһ㱻˳ȥ·ɳһڴϳȥʮײͣ
һֱվδ˵ŮͻȻȻվԣƮƮĻﴫ˴ÿһ˵ĶС
Ȼ˾͵гܴľ򣡡


ʮ ǳ
ɫŮĻŵķΧټϵڵϷ·һǵٳֳһɱ֮
ΧۿֵҲû˿ֵ飬ȫ鲻ԽתƵǸƯŮϣһΣǲǵһβΪԷòΪղŵһ˲ֳʵ𾪡
վһԵѾɵˣԭΪԼ֮鵽ǽˣΪ֮ǰԼεİݹĽɫֻҪԼһ֣Է֪֮󣬻һȻֱӽߣǺ»Ƽҵֱ
һΣȴԼЩ㲻׵׷ʲô飬һʼţƺڵǰһţ˽Ƕ˼УȴͻȻһ·תɶ˿ƺҪͶԷͽ⣬鱾ѾʮֵķˣǺ淢ĳ׵ɵˡ
һֱվһԵλƯŮȻδֱһоͽ˳ȥһ־Ǳķʽ
˵ʲôĵͻȻһĨʮֲֿĵǡ
ֲĵǾİȫΪʮ˶ԼȴͷûĺʲôȲ˵Լܲܰȫ뿪뿪ԺҲŹԼ
û°ɣѰ
ͻȻһʹܹȥĺԼϵй֮޲
ЩεתһԼԵòŮεǼ⣬׻˵Ůϻ仰һ㶼ٰ
ԼԺǧǵĵ뵽ͬʱڵϵĻƺ㱨ͬ顣
עӣͻȻͷȻͻȻ¶һƤЦݣʮ޹̯̯֣ҵ£Լȵģ
æΪȻĵͷ
ΪڴεʱͻȻһʿȻӽֵͷȻѸٵĽֵˣȫķȦӵ롣
һȺ˾Ķ̣ͻȻһȻȺԶԷֿһ̬ϣ沿鲻ŭ˴Ⱥ˳
˵ڵϵĻƺɨһۣȻŽתƵһԵϣϸĴһüͷ鲻Խ
ʲôˣΪνСˣ
˵ͳȴƣȻ󣬵ȴ˲Ҿܾ
˵ĳ֣ϵķΧٴαùΧ˵˭Ҳû뵽һ򵥵С¼Ȼǵĳ
ǰһη˶ţ֪ʲôˣ
Ȼ˿ηԼƺЩ棬̲סٴϸĴһȷûʲô֮˲ų˵ǻǵĳҵСƺ㣬֪Ϊµλ
ȻϿǻѾ͸¶һŭ˭Ҫǲǵĳһ͵Ļᵱͱŭ
ҪǿеϷҵλѣǲͬҪǿҪһ£ѵΪǵٳͿΪΪ𣿡
һ仰һûЩΣԼĶʲôɫƽʱ̰ͼɫŪŮûһҲʮԶĻŵģҴΧȺ۷׷׵Ҳɲš
ɫЩѿɨһΧ£Χ۵ʧˣ˶֪Ҫˡ
ǿеŭ۶𣬡Сʲô£ҲӦ⵱ѵɣвëͷСӶ֣
мЦƳ˵Ļοһ䣬ǰӷ۸ŮӵʱΪβѵأ
޿̣꣬Сӣѵļҳûнò𣿼˱ҲˣȻСˣ̽ˣ
˵һ֣һͻȻʧԭأɫһƾɫľ֪һԾ㷴ֱӳǰȥ
飡
˵ȭͷݺݵײһһ峯˺üſͣס
ɫЩѿĵĽַڱʹ˦ԼԼϵʹղŵһӴܹоõԼǶԷĶ֡
ԭǰ˼ȭʦѹֻ˵ţ;ʹﵽ˰˼ȭʦĵȼ㵹ǵȷвıǮⲢԹŵʸ񣬽Ҿĳ̽ʲôò
Ļո£ȻٴʧԭأٴγֵʱѾĳǰһȭؿڽֱӴ˳ȥ
ڿл˺ԶصˤڵϣһѪݺݵ˳
Щ̧ͷһۻ캰һ֣
ߣ
֪Ѿ̫ˣҾʶһȭʦ֮ǵԽĺ蹵ɫ˵Ҫٴλȭȥ
ৣ
ͻȻһӰƾŶвֱһ˺ӰǽŴԼıٴһӰݺݵҵԴϣʱ֭ҺĽŪûȫʪʮǱ
ϸһϵ֭Ȼһ̲ζղϮԼľȻһ޴̲˵Ĺӡ
ʲôһ㣬͵ؽתƵڵķ򣬹Ȼ֪ʲôʱѾվǰ˿̵ŮɫĽԼ


ʮ Ԫʦһ
Ͼ˼ϵ֭ضǰŮ·ҪģݺݵӡԼԺ
ڵЩ죬һʮ˻Ǳϵ֭ɫѿĶվԼԶŮ
սҵĵߣ
һһҧ˵꣬ɫļγˮ
ûдԷתһ˵г˵ŭ
ȿȡ
ǿϵʹ͵ؿ˼ȻŴӵؿڣһƣƺһҴܣû뵽ԷһȭȻԼ˺֮󣬹ȻΪ֮ȭʦʵ֮
һе¶һĨЦ벻ԼȻտһŮԼ
ȿȡû£㡭Сһ㣡ٴοȳһѪȻһ֪ڲǳӢ۵ʱԼʵǶԷĶ֡
ĵͷȻٴתͶԶϡ
һҪҳҪǸеķʬǣСǽңҪһҵոѹĻƺ㿴ԼͻȻʹĺޡ
˶һûнѵ㣬ȥٸˣɫѿĵһԼĶӣԼʲôУ˭
һҿûǻֵģƺʮίı
ס죡
ݺݵصһԼĶӣȻٴνתƵǰŮϣԷԼô˵󣬾ûԼ£ҲưոݣȻĻԼǳɾ͵ˮˡ
ǡߣ
ԸʵȴֲòţղŶԷܹ֪Լûв»Լ͵Ϯɹֻ˵һԷߡ
̧˫ְŶ޵һ˿˿ΧĲһĶϧ˿ûΧȺɧ̴˵Ļȴһľ
ƶ񲻷֣˽ףʲôʸǳ
ŭЦЦһߣ֮ڣҾǷһжðҵĹ£˵ǶԵǶԵģ˵ǴǴģ
ĻͲõˣ
˵ͻȻƽ˫֣ϵȹͻȻ޷Զ죬ţֵܵĶʼһζС̯ϵƷͻȻҵĻζ
ͻȻһС̯ϰڷŵذͻȻ͵ƯڿУΧԻеͻȻȫֶ˿Сʱʮѱ׵ڿеľ˵С
һӳֵĳô뵽һֹİΧ۵ȺڴûмΣеȻԸӣ
ǣ鲻Խ쾪
ŮͻȻȺ˴ĺ
⡭ǡ𺳣ЩŵǰĳԺȴڼٵ˼һ˿Ϣ
㡭Ǿ񡭡ʦ
仰ǼĺģǻδĻ£ڿеȻһֵָ£ͻȻȻһࡢ۾һϵҪλ
Ҳǿһӣ̵Ķ󣬻ЧķӦȻһһȻ˳ǰһذףϾȥעذ׺ݺݵش˵ϣһѴͳ彣δ񵲣ѾȻ
Ҳǹ֮ԥһԼУʱһ̽е𣬽űһʹİ˲ȡ˼ڻǰĻ
۾۲̵Ķȴһ𺳣ԭľʦսôԼ֮ǰЩֱеСˡ
ɾܹٿؼʮѱԼܹٿѪħŵȻҲѪħص棬ԼͲٿصȷûô졣
õʣµļѱȫͣɫʮѿĶ̣ȴһľ
ȻǾʦȻǾʦ
һСֹţ鼸͸ݣû뵽ᾹȻ𾪵ʵΪҪȻǾʦ
ʦһʮֳ֮֮־ְҵ
˭ֻҪ˽ϵôڸտʼʱһѡޣΪֻҪԼ̫϶ȴ˶ģҲ˲˾ʦְҵء
ܹ֪Щż˿ģǽԼȴļʶ˾ʦҶԷһòŮ
ͻȻЩôܹôŮһԼܹܵ˵ԼֻһССĳ˶ѣ
Сӣ㵽׸һʲô鷳ĵ׺ݺݵ
ȻǲԷ˿е뷨ղŵĹȻȥˣ̲ٴһ̧֣ϵȻٴһԾڿС
۾κθɫʵĶŻƮƮ³һûľĻ
ԭǸһԪʦҲ˶ˣ


ʮ Ļ
ǰٴȻƮڶͷƤһ飬ԼȻҲߣȴǸողԪʦһ˭뵽ԷȻǸʦ
ԼԪʦһ˼ҵľʦģ뵽һ㣬˺ͽ뷨
һ£
ЩļµĿһеıǿ׳򶨵վֱӣͬʱҲ¶һ˿΢ЦֳԼ⡣
λҲһᣡЦǺǵľƽĵ˵ȴȽʱӦж
ȻĶŻҵѣȴͻȻ˵һᣬ㲻ʮֵķ𣿡
ɫһ죬ӲƤ˵ȷһᣬһСĴСʲôУһʮ˽ģԣղڰвŶλСֵ֣СֵܲҪ⣡
ʮֿĶһȭȻٴνΪ˱ԼǸ⣬ԸλСֵһңεĲϣ¾ôȥˣҲǲʶĳϲύ·ܣλᣬȻʵʵھˣλӣԵһۣûĳԽ֮꣡
ΧΧȺһȻ˭Ҳû뵽ȻһһٰʮȵĴת䣬һʼں޲ɱˣǽһӣ˼СŮ˵ʵ֮һﾹȻתɫ֮ɫתֱ֮Ŀɿڴ
Ȼϲ˵ʲôǲȺڵȻԼı֮飬һȻƤ
ûԷǶһĶɱģӲļһĵͿ΢˭룬ȴ̵Ķͣ
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ͬˣ
ɫһϲæЦǺǣλСֵܹȻʶ壬鱾һᣬûбҪΪһɱɱܹгֲΪأˣ
ԵĻǰȻһڴУĵ˵࣬Ц˵һңҶСֵܵ⳥ӽԺСֵܾһĳѣĲ˵֮ڣʲô飬Сֵܾ˵ܹһĳһ岻ݴǣ
˵һףڴֽӹоһҵķֱС
һԵĻƺЩȺ
죡ɫһתŭ
ƺ㼫Ϊʵı죬۾ȴȻضгԹ
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ѾˣʲϻƳĹˣϣƳԺúõĹܽһԼĶӣȻͨգҲ۸ģƮƮ˵ȫûнԷһ֮Դ
ȻŭȻЦݣЩɵĿһһԵ̣Ȼſһ֡
Сֵ˵ǣССọ̇̄ܽԺһúõĹ̵ܽģ
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ͷȻֱӴȺͷȥʼնûһԵĻˡ
ΪʲôҪߣƺЩǰʵ
죡
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߳ǣһǰ棬ĬһεűӸں棬һǵСĺһ㡣
ղΪʲôɱڣͣ½Ų͵ת
ǰŮüͷӣڽգһķŭһЦ벻ԼղŵȻǵλСˡ
ҲˣԷһλһԪʦЩεĽ͵
Σһɱʮֲʵ
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̳Ĭˣû뵽ȻǵԶĬ˰Σ̻ЩĵһţǣѵԸˣ
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ĻǼǸӵΣˣüʵ
ģʱһ˵ҪиɣȻĻóȻ֣ɽΧļҲͬģ·һһͻȻ̣лˣ벻ջң
˵ˣҲΪҳͷЦʲôһ㣬еĶ𣬡˲Ҫɣ
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Űɣ²Ÿոտʼ


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⣬ˣڱҪƣ
üͷ壬Ȼӻͳһɫƿƿƿеһٺɫҩ裬ݵǰЩ˵ȽŵҩԵ
һĵĵҩһŴԼĴָСĵ裬Լڵҩ˽ʵ̫ѷˣ𲢲֪һʲôҩ
ӹҩһֱʸУԥĽҩһȥʱһɱȪ͸ʸдȫ𼸺鲻Խı۾
ҩ壬ʱоﴦһƬĸоȫԭڵʹҲ𽥵ʧԵظоԭܿƵ˿𽥵ıȶ
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𻺻ص۾һЦĿԼ𲻺˼ЦЦоʮֲ
ղԵ嵤רˣڻδᵤĸΪߵȭʦ˵鵤ҩЦЦеƿС
滹м嵤ϰɣҲԺõŵĵط
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ȴɫŹֵĿһȻȻҡҡͷܾˡ
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Щ֪ͷҪǸǸҪȥ
֪ΪΣĵ׾ʮϲһָоʮֵķڣҪȥαװͻȻԼʮֺԺҲò̵ϢҲˣ뷨һðȫ
̲֪룬̧ͷһԶɽͣٴνתƹ𣬡ǻټģ
˵ͻȻǰϹŵһŵ׹żĹѾľϡ
һϵж̺˼ԴһЧȻʮЦЦܺÿŵ׹ϲƷŶ͸㣬һԵּ֤һҪŶ´μҿûŵĻҿǻģ
ƶͷϸĴ̸Լϵŵ׹ִһůĸоģϵ£ټŵ׹һֱţɫͨŵ׹Ůеǹ
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ټЦŰڰ֣Ȼ෴һ·
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ֱŮ߳ԼߣŻսȭͷһһŵ
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ɽأɽл̣ȻϿȥƽ޲ǰȴɱ¾
һֻһϪߺˮȴֱűž裬ʱעΧ
һΪȫʱԶһֻӰȻܳ·һһǰȻһҧס˶ԷĲӣݺݵһ˦ͽؽһٹһһקڰߣδһʲôӦӰȥʱѪעһ˼û˶
Ӱģ́ͷɨһΧȷûκΣ֮Ű˰β׼ʽٴͣ
Ӱǵͷһ˲䣬һӰȻӰһĻᶼûУ㱻һѺɫľ޵Ӳֱжϵ˵ϡ
һӰ˸δԶȻ䵽ϣƽĿһǰӰʬ壬ǽѪħ𣬲õѪڱ󣬲Ŵγذ׼ȡħˡ
ǰӲʵʱ򻹵ǱӦԣ㵽ԼƣܹǿӰɱȴʮ׵ľͽնɱò˵ʵ˲١
ħװһڴУڴ˿Ѿװ˰ڴɫħˡ
ֽӰǵֻȿ̧ͷһɫʱ䲻ˣûؼˣ
˵һԾֱһԵһôʼķλȥ
ϴ̷ֱѾаʱ䣬δԼУļǵãʱԼصʱ˵Ѿ뿪ǰźɫ
ЩȵǣһֱΪ˵Ȼ͵͵̵ȥӢʼѹ˹صģ
ʱԷܶ飬ּҺҵһʼ˫ǰ͵Ϯչڣ˫Ѿֱӽսˣϵɱ¾ڴɽнУһʼּһռϷ磬Ǻ뵽ҵļ룬˫ʽ뵽˰Ȼ
ּ½½ʧ˲ٵĺּ֣ҲһѧķһйĶǣթڼǰ΢
ͷһ۹Լϵĵ׹ԭϲ¶һ˿Цݣֽ׹ϵסоһƬů
̶Űɣ´μҪ׿ڸ㣬Ѿʵվǰ㣡

Թ˵һֱӽ뵽ԼķУÿ극Ĵⶼ״򲻶ĹΡ
ȵӿ𻺻ر۾뵽״̬
ʵҲԭȵİ˼ȭʦ˳Ľ׵ڵľżȭʦò˵˵ػĴ֮ٶʮֵ٣ҪˣӰ˼ȭʦ׵żȭʦҪһ굽ʱ䣬ЩƽӹˣҪʮࡣ
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ҲΪڷ·ǷһЩ仯ԭ˿չѭ˿̾Ȼʼؼ·߿ʼѭҲʼһ˿֮Դˣ󵨲²⣬ԭ׻벻ϵ״壡ҲΪμɹԭ
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蹬ЩɵġȪһƬϲЩԼŬĽ֪Լڵ۳蹬ȻԼĸתУʱԼͿһԾΪߣ
תΪԪһ첻ԶģĬ


ʮ 
ּ˵һȽҪӣһȫϵ䳡һЩṦĸŮҲԾļ䳡ȥʱӿŲٵȫһۡ
ּޱҪӣּ˵һ֮ȽҪӣһ׵ļʽڶǼĳ񣬶Ǽȡ
죬ּޱӵļȡ
ּĿǰԼһǧˣΧļҲ͵ļ壬ȻȲĳЩǿĴ壬ڴɽΧҲ˿ڻȽ϶ļˡ
ּҲɽΧһУԴ׵Ǽ鷢ּ֮ҵĵλڴɽһǧɣԭּΨΨŵŵʮֿļһӿʼҪ۸ռһּҵıˣҲΪּҵʮַŭԭ
ѪħվȺеһǣȺƫԶһ䣬Ȼ͵õ˼д󲿷˵ϿɣڼȻһеĴڣ˽󲿷Ҳ֮ǼлɫԵĴڡ
ȵ˾󣬼ļλҪִ߲Ż֣
վλɨһ䳡ΧûЦݣȻһ˿ƣ
λּ˵һʮشĽգȿʼ֮ǰҾ˵һ飬Ҷ֪ʱǼҺҵսѾ뵽˰ȻҲвٵľӢ䣬Ϊ٣ÿһ˵ǶǣңʬҲĹڣּⳡսУûһث֣
ǣʱѾǼЩ𣬶Է壬۲ʵ̶ǲˣһʮּѵĶȻǼĿǰܹǿά֣˭ҲսҪֵʱ򣡡
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ͻȻƵųµˣһȻʮ굽ʮ֮˲μӣǵۣҪǱʵԿУǾٴεȴһ¸Ķ
Ļ£̧һ޴ʯ߽㳡ȻСĽʯ£ΧеȫЩĴʯ
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ҵȫڹ㳡еľʯϣŴ͵ǼġʯֿʯңҶȻã֮ȭʦȼֻҪǽƷųʯӡϣȻԼ룬Ȼʾʵȼ
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ǽǼϣҪǽƽʱѧȫֳ˲̨꣡ϣƽʱ޵ĳɼֳɣҲеһˡˡʮˡǸ඼ΪպĶڣǴҿʵɣЩĴ
һ£վڹ㳡һȺ̱궯˲꣬˭һӢ۵룬οЩڳɳ׶εĺǣһ׼еǸ룬չ֣ȻΪӮ˵ⲻÿһ˺жڵ
һһȺȻȻֽܣ
һʮҵȺ߳Ȼ󻺲ǰʯǰѾվڴ˴ල
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ֽ֣նϵĻȥܿ죬ʯͷ˱仯ԭûб仯ı߾Ȼʼһ˿ɫҺ壬Ȼͣڰ˼ȭʦλòζ
ֽܣ˼ȭʦϴĻ㱨ɼ
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ֵ骾ûκεı仯ǰһ˵ʾʮĽƷڲʯϣȻܿ죬ʯϵĺɫҺ岻ͣ弶ȭʦλòٸ
骣弶ȭʦϴͬʱ骵ļ򣬵˵ʱһѾܲˣ
Ŀ۾һ۳һ骣ȻƮƮı۾
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һʮϤֱȻ󲻶ϵǰԣԵ˴󲿷ʵ߼֮£ϾԵȺʮµռ˶ȻżҲа˼ȭʦĳһƬ
ɵĽţڣ쿴һȻȺĳһһۣ
죡


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죡
ʱԭĹ㳡˲䰲˵߷·ȾһˢˢͶĳһ䡣
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Լ֣Ż۾ûΧȵעĿ⣬һгȦȻŻ򳡵롣
һֱĿ˿۾ĲϵƶУһֱԼҪԽĿ꣬ҲһֱΪĿϵŬ
ʯǰһֻЦĶϴ˿̾Ȼĵ¶һ˿ЦݣƷϰɣ죬ܸܲЩϼһһϲ
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â䣬ֻǰһƬ⻪˷һ󾪺Ȼ˱㼱æתƵ㳡ϵĲʯϣһƬ
ֻʯϵɫҺ·ҵļһ㲻ϵһգ۵ĹѾֱ߼ȭʦĿ̶ȣٶȻڲϵ
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һֻסǣ۾ȴضŹ㳡죬˵μӺڵĻôĸ¾ʹŮİϾ䣬ĸŮĸŮûлԼһλһ֮֮ϸӢۡ
ΪּŰȻŮĿеӢۣŮͽԼĶֻ˸ֱӱ
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ҲضŲʯýԼܹС˵ͻ𣿡
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һֱֻһ۷ȭʦҲ۷ȭʦǳԳߵʱȴʧ˻صżȭʦЩһֱδڴɽΧļ˵۷ȭʦǾԵʵ
ҲɹĽ۷ȭʦôּҵʵɽǰһ󲽣β˷ܡ
еɫĿųԼĴӣ޺飬ΧϵĿ佱ȴҪװʮֿ˵Ŭ
ϵȵΧֹȥ󣬲Цѹѹȵ𽥵İ󣬲Цɨһȫ
죡ʮȭʦ
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ȵٴΰʱٴοһͻȻʲôһ㣬۾źۼɨһ·Ⱥеĳ䡣
һ·ȺͻȻһ֡
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Լ֣ûκεһ߳Ⱥ
˲ʯǰЩĿһԴ֮󣬼е˾һֱ֮ǰĹﲻָͬٶϾȻ˿ѷɫ졣
˵ע£ƣ̧׼ŵʯϣΧȫŸɫҪյļʲôı֣ԴϴҴ֮˶ٽǴȻڴһܹһµ⡣
ƼڲʯʱͻȻһźϴ˹㳡ϵƽ

һɫӰЩĵ˵ע´Զ˿̻µ˿ڣϵѪֻ˿ȻЩ˿ȫȻˣ͵ܵϯ̨ǰһ˵ڵأ˵һȭž˵
峤졭ȥˡ鱨ʮ֡⵽ΧҪҪȫûˣ


ʮ ּҵŭ
ּ䳡
˿̵䳡ϼžҸողŴ֮ǰ˷а˭⻹Ӳһجľ׹ߣ
˵ʲô
һӴ̨ȻǰһץסԷЩɸղԼˡ
ϼҲٵĳ󣬼˵ضǰ˵ˣ麧ȻŸղŶԷ˵Ļġ
ֻشǰĲʯɫأüǰ˵ˡ
ڼ鱨΢Щ˽⣬һ֧רѵרŸѼ鱨Ķ飬ÿһ˵ʵ߼ȭʦϣѾǼľ飡
һ֧ȫûĻôּ˵һԵĴ
ȿȣ
ٴδӿпȳһѪ˵ɫһĨ̬̺죬Ȼ̧ͷǰ峤
峤鱨ֵǡ˶ԷĹƣҺͺҵˡƽȫȦȻŴ˷ѾõļʮԷľӢԱǼʮλֵܱԷŰΧ
ΧּȻǷ·ܹΣ˰Χ޾˻źȴ޷ͻΧĿΧĻһԼǰȴΪ
ҲҼȥÿһȫŭսȭͷһѪĸܣǷ·ܹоЩʱʹࡣ
ƴųģӳʱʮֵѾʣ²ʮˣ˵˱ҵĴڵĿϵ³Ѫ
磡㳡һԵһŮͻȻһֱӻ˹ȥ
ԱߵҲеĿʼʹ࣬жʱһƬңٸŮʼִ鱨ǵļˣ
صģЩʵ
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Щ˵˱˹ȥ
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ȥǣȻĻˣɫ˵ѣÿһȫͬܣ
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üͷ˼һȻȻתһԵˣɫĿ£
λղŵҲˣǵΣڵϦͣȣǰȥӪǵˣ
峤ȥɣһ꺺ӴȺվȴ˷ŭ
Ҳȥ
Ҳȥ
̸վ˳ʱǵ뷨һµģȳˣˣи۸ּҵַּּ֪֮ҵûث֣
Ҵȥɣվ˵̬峤ͱȥˣ˫峤ĻǶԷ峤һҲͲˣ
ͷϵ˫һ⣬ԼȳĻôڶԷļǰ³ˣӶһ˵ʱҪ
ȥɣһ˵Ѿ۷ȭʦԱңһԵĴϸ˵
ͷȻ̧ͷˣֵվ
죡
ң


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峤Ȼ֣ЩľȣҪ֪Ǹով˳񣬲ʮ갡
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һʼָ츳ҲŲһʱ䣬в˺Ȼ
һʱ䣬һΪڵ߼ȭʦһʲô츳ѾȫԽ죬뵽ﲻ˲Ȼ֣ԭǼеڣ
תһվڶƽȻٴνת˻
սپؽ˾ȳ˵
ϵͷȻתʮˣȻһ֣ʧԶ
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˷·һٵĸϣڹ㳡˵ע»ʧԶ
ԶȥȴȻǣһֲõԤз·Ҫ
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תһΧͬһ֮ɫˣ첻ָɫһ֮˵ڴԸۺʱεأܹ£ˣ
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ڶϻ£ŸĸдԼܾ裬ҲԼʼת䡣
ˣڶϻ£ĸȱҪӵһЩ
βӣظڶ룬Ϊ˵İȫβʵ;˵Σȫ˶λá
Сĵ㣬ǰͽϻˣϵĻͻȻúС£ɱ⣡
ϵ̴ϳУһǰн˵ٶԵ
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һСͣ¼еĽŲϻ£ǰĳȴÿһ˸ӵĽš
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Ĵˣѵǽʬȫӽ棿üͷȥƣȻʲô壡
ϣߣͻȻԶһź̽˵ע˹ȥҲ򷢳˵ķȥ
ﵽʱԼ۾ʵǰĳܳһʱʮֲѾܹѪݣ
ֻǰһƬУһ߾ʬ屻סȻذȫǰУ
ÿһȫ˺ۣûһĵط˿ڣе˻۾еĿ־ʾǰǶôľ
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ԣɱңҵѪծѪּûһث֣ҲҪһ汳ģ˳Ӧ͵˿˵ѾڱıԵֻҪһӣ̾ͻơ
һֱδ۾ضŵϵʮʬ壬żоȻСĹûǿң֪ļ壬ЩͬԼͬѪҺ
ԼѪֵܾȻŰɱоԼһŭȼգͻȻɱˣԴ뷨һ־ͲƵռ˵Ժ
죡侲һ£ڲµʱ򣡡ϴǳ
ҺÿһһͬеŭҪɱˣȥ˱𣬿Ҫľǰߵʬ壬Ȼӳ飬ͷӬһײ˶Էļƣ
ϣҲ˵ǶԵģǶԷǳǼ壬ҪĮӣ򶨣СҾͱ̵ΪսڼѾ˼̤ˣѵ㻹ҪǼĬ𣿡
ϣսԴ˽Щ˵ʬ˻أһҲҪҵǰȥֻعҲսУүүûиˣ
ɫϾ˵ЩĶ죬⻹һμһ棡вӡʼһ˿Ĺۡ
졭㡭û뵽쾹Ȼ˵Ļ
ϣӦɣһɫʹʾϣҲԸͬǰһҪΪȥֻع
ҲԸ⣡
ҲԸ⣡
ԽԽվ󼸺ÿһڳ˶վɫᶨĿϡ
ǰһɫϲЩҡߴÿһ˵ɨտϵһ߾ʬ壬̾һ
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㣡һ
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˵ȭͷ֣֮һɣʧԶֻȻϡ
ЩٻĿһԼƣ죬ýԼ૵
šżȭʦ


ʮһ ׷ɱ
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죬ĸϣ
һ˽ȻҪ࣬ǺԵǽ쵱ĺġ
ֱɱңӵõϢǽ˲ʮӵʱ׷˹ˣˣҾöԷӦû߶ԶǼӿŲӦܹ׷ϣ
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׽ʮֵ˷ܣû뵽ҸոպͺҽˣվݣȻΧһɶԷʮɵľ鱨ӣ
һӾͽԷʮӢԱȫնɱȻԼҲ˲СĴۣⳡսԼռıˣּεʧν
뵽ֻҪϢ߼үӣһԼĿ࿴׵ϲһĨ˷ܵɣ
ߣ˵ûãҵҪ˭˵ûã
һϸԼⷽĶ飬ʱԼʮˣҳʮˣ˫һʮˣʧ˼˼ȭʦ߼ȭʦȫʧҲֵõġ
սز٣ؼǿܹСʻȡԷ
ҵһкˣЦȻ֪Էʵʵ׸оÿζԷɨԼʱоָоڼеЩϼһҲܵ
ҵʵҲСﰡ
뵽ȻϺͺҴ˹ˣһеǰᶼڶԸּҹϷĻϣּı𣬵ʱ˫ܹܲϵѺþͲ˵ˡ
ۣۣۣ
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һȴĵĴ׷ˣֶԷȻֻʮ׷ʱ׵ǲһ˿Ļȡ
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һӰӳϣĮĴ·սԷԵռƣҶԷʣµʵԼߵ˶࣬ԣԼһʼͲռƣѾһ˺һ˸£˫һƽ֣ʱѷֳʤ
ҪսپˣȻĻʱһöǾͲˣ˵ȻѪħ͵طȥ


ʮ ֮ս
деĴɽУһҵļڽУս˫ȻּҺҵ
ƾż߼ؼʹǰ˼ȭʦȻս࣬ǵûгʲôܹӦ磬һȭԼĶֺˣ֣ƮƮɨһս
˿̵սУҺͺҵ˼ѾּҵȫΧЩԾǣּҵ˽·ǳԴҩһȫǺηĴ򷨣ηԼߵ˺սּ֣Щ˾Ȼѡ˵һǧ˰ٵĴ򷨡
ƺֻҪܹɱˣ˻Ҳϧ״ÿһ˵пһĨ񣬶ԣǷڱΪȥ˱
Щһﶼ𣿡૵սڳԷԼߵͬھܿȻԸҲһ̣
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׾ղҲ˶Էףĵ׾ƿڶס
Ѹײڶ֮͵Ϯɱ˼֮㱻һ˸֮󣬶ԷԵһ㶣û뵽ղ˲ɱü˵־Ȼһꡣ
ҺͺҾȣּҲһƬ˶û뵽Ȼ͵͵ˣÿһȫָ£ûнĿ϶ֻרעӦǰĶ֡
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ٵˣ뵽һתѪħٵתȻ·ӵһǰȥ
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çţȭ
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ЦһԼһʽʮţçţȭľԷƵħ϶ˣοһֱ꣬ӱȭӡУȻǴһ֭ҺĽ
ȻЩ̣ǶԴ˲ӦòֶεöԷ
ڽɫȭӡӴʱ鷢ˣξȻ΢΢һӰһһƶȻȭӡݺݵػˡ𡱣žǴ˺һ㣬΢ȭӡݺݵش壬ȻǰݺݵײһԵһһ˻ľϣ
䣡
޴ϱһ޴Ķڣֱӱˣ
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û׸ղŷʲô飬Ϊ˶Էȴ·ǻһƬӰһã
δףǰӰ˸Ȼ֣˫־ѪħŵݺݵسԷԴȥ
·һǰѾ޴Ĺŵ˸Ľâһ˿·ǸܵϢ

δ˵ĻеѪħѾشһݺݵ˶ԷԴϣֻһ֭ҺĽԼ
ɱ֣ûκεͣͣٴһӶȴĿЩʵ̫ߵĵˣҪѸٵĽЩ鷳˫Ťת
ŴĿ˸ղŷһУûзӦɱ˳壡
ͻȻоһƬɺԣǼоżȭʦĴڣǡǾȻڶԷһغ϶ûϣһ
ʵղŵʤЩȡˣҪǶԷԵҲʤ˸ɾ䣡
ͻȻоȫһ䣬һֱΪּҵ죬ǽͻȻֵԼҪСȴ״֮ǰǸ뷨
ͻȻ׵ԺһϴμУ˵Ļ
ʮġ߼ȭʦģô߼ȭʦѵһһ겻ʱֱӳ˾żȭʦ
ˣ׵Ȼ뵽


ʮ ߾
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˫ˮȵʱȺϴε¼֪ҵ͵ĻӶѪħԼǰĶֱˣһȥ
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ûжֱ˦Ѫħݺݵسȥ
䣡
˵ײһ޴ĺȻ׵ǱȥǺ˼ס
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ԶҪ룬ɫһᵶ׷ȥֻҪܹץסһܹвԷֱͣս
״˿̸еܲã֮ǰЩʧӰ٣ԭּҵﵽ۷ȭʦЩԽܣȻԼߵĶǿ˫ʵ̫Ļʤֻʱ⡣
ֻҪ챻סּҵɱ⣬ʱһƾʵ߳Ҳ˫ȭѵ֣
û뵽鷢ˣһЩֵͻȻ֣ȻɱķתۼѾкüԼߵС
·Ƿһ㾹ȻٴԼԼ˹Ҳ侲ˣȻһĺ
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СӣϷľ֮£ҲûûŵͷˣЦһȻͻȻ˫ֳһӡ
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ʲôãղֱӱ𣡡ԱߵĻ鲻мߵ
ĶϵıĿ£ʮľżȭʦٺ٣ɱһţǶôѪҺڵһ鰡
߾裡ȥɣ


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ŶԷĺ£ͻȻһ˻ԭźõľߡ·ͻȻ߱һ㣬һ˷
߷·Ļһ㣬ΣٶȣգۼѾǰε㵲ʱӺݺݵײѪħĵϡ

̶Ľδ𴭿Ѿ˹һǰշȻǰһ㣬ߴǰػʱѣһѪڶʱ֡
ɫȻû뵽Ȼ˷ֻӴȻͻôһڡ
һڿһɵʱһԾ˫Ųһ·ϣȻ͵һշߺݺݵĲУһ𣬶ʱľмҷɣΧĿеŷɵҶľм
һĴӳ߳϶ദ˿ڣմѪеѪħҲըɵһߣϻϵµѪ
һЦôζܰɣû뵽㾹Ȼˣˢӣ
ûԷ̧ͷһΧƣ˿ǱѾϽսĶֻʣһսֻʱ⣬ط˲٣ԼҲѾʼڽڰˡ
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Ȼһ֣ɢܵͻȻԼϷУ˻˻ֶ
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ûЩżһȵ棬弱ٵȥǰоӺݺݵؽ
弱ٺˣеĶȴδͣ£Ϊ˶ԷĹֱӷʼһſϲϵԾļ׷ᣬǵסȥ·֦Ǳֱӿ˵ϡ
ҵҪܹ㵽ʲôʱ򣡡һȻӶ˫֣ߵٶȾȻٴμӿ죬ۿҪ塣
С󣡡ԶͻȻ
׵Ļеһ⣬ûлͷԥһȥ
䣡
޴ĺ¡ֱӽǰһþضϣһĶ
϶˰ɣҲ۷ȭʦӦýһƳһڵλãȻ˵
û뵽쾹ȻԼĶ֣˹һĶѾ˵ϣҵӺԼľżȭʦȫɱˡ
һ鴤żȭʦ
һӣʱٻؾߣĿԼǰסÿһǣ۾ǽض죬ԷͻȻϮ
һأսеȻԼ΢ռ˵ˣʧҲܴԭĽʮֻʣʮˣǼȥĻ˶
뵽⣬첻⣡
죬˺󣡽ɣ
ͻȻһתֻ֮ǰѾ뿪Ȼٴηأֻ˿̵Ϸ˲Сı仯ȫ˺ۣԼϵѪ֮⣬ֻ첲ϾȻһ˿Źϸţʱڡ죬·һĸ첲Χ
üͷһ壬˵ʵҵľϲʵ̫ˣԼסһһ˾ɱ˴ˣҲûдﵽ۷ȭʦ
Ȼٴδսüͷ鲻ԽЩˣ֮ǰ˵ĸ鲢εѺãˣһüͷȻʶһ
쾹Ȼ˿Щȣʱ˶ľ裬תƵϣСӣĵǲСһΪֻһζĶȻԼˣôҾͲˣ
ûԷ˫֣ȻԼ֮˫֣һĨ
ߣƣ㿴ʲôŽʵһȻ˫Ȼһӣ߾裡
ԭǰļٴηһ˻˻˺ҧȥֻһûжɨһ˫ͻȻƳȭݺݵس׺ȥ
׻
ɫȭȻдܳХѸٳȥȭφ죬ʱʱ֮𣬷·ʱᱬըһ㣬һּķʽ˳ȥ
ֻȭܿӭľײһ𣬵˳Ծ鷢ȭ֮һ֮˸ȻݿĽеȫ飬˵Ĺ⻪ڿС֮󣬾ȭûκ谭ȥ
ԼľоȻԷĹֹɫһȻԥ̧׼֪˿ҪѾֻ̫Ӳ
ǻδķʩ׼ãȭѾХ·ֻ޴Ĵ󴸺ݺݵϡ
飡
һȻֱݺݵײһôϣȻһ˼ͣס
ۣ
ܿƵģһѪ˳һĿг˲˼顣
㡭㾹Ȼҵ߾裿ЩŵĶ˻ƣȫû֮ǰŴݡ
ûдԷսֳȭ³һ֡



ʮ նɱ

ȻһȭԶͻȻɫüŤͻȻ̱ڵϣڵѪɫʮֵѿƺˡ
δ˷Ӧ׷ʲô飬Ѿĳǰ
Щ־Ŀǰֱ꣬˿̣Ҳû֮ǰʢˣеһһĨĿ־壬·ǸܵϢ˻׹ߡ
㡭ң
δȶԷĻ꣬Ȼһ֣ȻһȭݺݵسŶԷԴȥ
һȭҵĸɾ䣬˿ûһ˿ˮΧ˵и񺮡
ԾȻͶɱϣ˿ԼκΣյĺ󻼣Χ˲ĸоٴη˸Ĺۡ
ŴͣɫЩ׵Ŀһ۵ڵ۾ʵĳϣԽʵ
ɱϡɱһ۷ȭʦ״εƺʧȥǡ
ߣ
һԵһͻȻһקס׵ĸ첲ȻȻȵֱ˿̣ײŷӦЩµĿһȻŴ

ԭս˺ԥȥȻڳȻԼռǸղͳϵսǿһֱ͵͵עΪ۷ȭʦĳϾȻһʮһȭɱˣҪ˭Ҳš
ĹǶˣȻûˣȻǺԥķˡ
Ҫܣּ̾Ҫ׷ȥղǿһֱΧŴĽɫˣʹˮȻǺԥ
Ҫ׷ˣͻȻСһеּͣΣһۺ˺˲żΪʵ˻
۾ض𣬾ڸղţۿһּķʽնɱ˵˵ĳϣһ۷ȭʦ
ɱϣֵĸɾĵеһ󾪲ΪǰԼһж߲һңʱﲻԶĶϻ£ǱԼƵֱ˶ϻ¡
ǣʱ䰡Ȼͻͽչֳ˾˵츳Ƕնɱһط۷ȭʦ
۷ȭʦԼոս۷ȭʦȻ֪Ҫ۷ȭʦжѣңһ۷ȭʦһжҪ͸˵ˣ˵֮ǰּҵ鱨ȫûּ˽ǵĻôնɱ˶Էһ۷ȭʦǳ׵öԷԪˣ׻ּ׬ˣ
սԶǲпģ
ٵȡ󻯵ÿһҪǵ飡˵ͽ֮ˡ
죡죡
һ˵СкŽӳ˼оѹԼղЩΣٴζĿһѾ˰Χס³һ
˵ʬϣǻؼң
ԣԣؼңǻؼңΧһƬڣÿһ϶˷ܵЦݡ
һжȻˣڴҿһжֵõģΪԷʧһӶԷʮֻвʮ߱ԿҪǣ廹һš𣡶նɱ˶Էһ۷ȭʦ˸еһεжֱǲС
Ѹٵ˵ʬ壬һѸ̴˵ķȥ

ּҵôϣһŵľİڷţÿһľ϶һײÿһײ涼һ˵ʬ塣
ɫڴλ۾ضŴйŵĶʮˣΧǼҪߡ
ôôͿô˵ǺãһŭĿվڴһϣϵı鼫
Ǻʢ£ѵҲʮȥ׷ɱԷⲻȥѵû˵Ļ㱨𣿶Էʮ˵ĸְ
ڴ߶ɫʮֵѿһζԼĴ죬Լֵýӣ˳һʲôʧĻԼô죿
뵽ϲȻͣ߶ĽŲȻת죬ҴȥǻɣȻĻһʲôʧǼеˣ
磬зִ磬㲻Ҫ˷ִ磡һȰֻǴҲܿһ˿ǡ
̧ͷ˵ͻȻ洫һüͷһ壬ǳô£
峤ǻˣͻȻ˴
켸һ㶣Ȼһۣͬʱɿȥ
棬ΧһȺˣ˵ע£˻شԶ˹ʮ˵Ķ黥ţʮֵǱ
켸ɫһĶ뿪ʱʮˣǻʱȴʮˣʧС춼ڶУɫ΢ÿһ㡣
˻ſڣһ֣峤ǻˣ
˵ļ˽ϵʬ建£ǰӹȥ˵ļʹź˵֡
죬ôçײ֪Ҫ˱УѪŨˮܹ⣬ǵ̫ˣ
ǣ֪ͷϿҵӦ
ӣԷˣεΣɫǵʵ۾ɨһǰ⼸˵ˡ
ˣǻԷһˣɫʹ˵ҲûöԷ׬ˣɱ˶Էʮˣд󲿷ֶ߼ȭʦϣ
һ㶣ת϶һۣӶԷпһ˿ȡ
˵Ĵɱ˶Էʮˣ
ٺ٣峤ⲻʲôնɱһԷĳأ̲ס
Ŷ
˵Ͷ˴жСˣȻɱ˶Էһϡ
ɱ˶Էһϣϲʵ
δشһԵѾȲĽӵٺ٣峤ⲻʲôҪǶԷʵǿһ۷ȭʦǵһȭɱˣ
˵Ļո£Χ̱š


ʮ 
컳ԼˣתһΧļˣҲһĵһȷŸղԼû
㡭ղ˵ʲô
ûе췢һԵĴϾȲʵΪ˵˲
ƺܹΪʲôһ˵ľһһʮֻĴ˵峤ɱҵһϣԷһ۷ȭʦ
۷ȭʦ
һûҶ
ŴͣԼӣ˵ı鲻ϵת䣬мɻ˷ܣжռݺᣡ
ôܣ
С˵ٿվΧļһˣÿһ˵϶˷ܼЦݣϾ֪ʮа˾ġ
뵽һʮ꾹Ȼɱһ۷ȭʦҪǾǰһܾ֮˵Ц
ȷŶԷһ۷ȭʦ
ЩɵĿһҪ֪һʮ꾹Ȼɱһ۷ȭʦϢʵ̫죬ĻԼǶĶˣ
ϣԷȷ۷ȭʦԼ׿˵ҵʱҲ֣Ȼܹ֪Էʵʵ
һɫ΢Щ˵·ϻһʮһʵϾ֮ǵеλѾ˼ı仯
ʱնɱ˶Էĳϣ˵ʿ˼Ӱ죬ԼҲ׵գʱпܻΪֻҪԷס죬ôԼ٣ֻʱ⣬һ̶ϣǵľˣ
ϣԷȷ۷ȭʦʵ֣Ȼζ컹ʵʵ˵ˡ
һûٻαҲΪ˿·ڿһС۷ȭʦһĴڣǾͼ޵ежÿֿ޾ϣܹ۷ȭʦ
УǸܵ񻰾Ȼˣһеʮնɱˣ·ǰǵصĲԽĺ蹵ͻȻݣ
ʲôһ㣬ͻȻϲʵʲôʵ
峤ķʣֹͣСȻٴν߼еϣҲԾת߶
ô˶ԼЩ̫ڣʩչ׻ʱ֪Լʵһᱻ¶¶ͱ¶ɣԼˡ
˼Ǽ⣬һǸӦǾżȭʦɣ
żȭʦ
ٴһǴϺͶϣϵıΪʣһ㶣̶Ц͵һȭļ
ãããӣģ벻㾹Ȼصô߼ȭʦôҳԾСˣһʱ侹ȻǼеֲ֮Ű
ⷬ˵ȷǷԷθͬһҲû˶Ļκε飬ΪѾʵ֤Լ
½ϣֻʵĻȨֻҪʵܵõ˵أҪϾͱ벻ϵܼʵõĵ
΢΢һɫЩŹ֣ջʲôû˵
Ŵͣ˰ŻЩ˼Ŀһζ
ǰ𻹽һļʹǳʽϣҲȭʦʵǽŲһʱ䣬СӾֱӷɴܳɾżȭʦˣٶȣᵤĸתָտɴˣ
Լ֮ǰӴӰ˼׾żȭʦʱ˽ʱ䣬ϵһ鴤ֱ˱ˣ˰
ˣȲҪѹѹ֣ȫʱ
һʧ˲ˣ鱨ǼȫûǼ˵һλԵĴǣּûث֣Ǹңǻᱻ𣿡
ᣡ
Լ˵˵ٴγ˱ʹԹޣּʽĻԹ˵ĳԹԽԽմﵽ˲ɵ͵ĵز
ּȻЩû䣬Ѫвľ񻹴ڣиһнഫһЩΪ˼ǵλᱻڽãţⲢּҵĶ־һȥˣǻվսһˣҲҪõּ֪ǲַģ
һ˵ȫ߰Ŀǰ峤
ɱǣΪȥ˱𣡡
ҪּңǾñ׼ɣ

ҺһƬźȫ۳һ仰һ֣ȫ߰ͷӿŭ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
΢΢ͷȻѹѹ֣ȵеʧ󣬲żһ߻רּҵһıּҲû׬ˣǵ˸׷ɱȥɱԷʮˣɱ˶Էһ۷ȭʦ۷ȭʦΣǸҪˣ
ٴηԸ˴ȥ˵ĺ£ſ
һ£


ʮ 
ĴһɱԭӶѾȫ˳ȥֱλߣ˿̣˵϶һ࣬κεı飬ûһ˽
ڴ룬һŵſڵϣ̧ͷǰλϵǸˡ
Ŭѹ˺ܾãûԼƤݺݵض˶˫ֽץǰαΪ̫ϵ𡣿ɼĲƱֳô򶨡
˵жʮˣǿеŭҧʵ
е˲ٴνת˹ÿһ˶սս峤ﵽԼͷϡ
ǣһҧӦ
Ҳˣ˵⻰ʱݺݵ߬סӵİֲûԼʧ̬
͵һſڵϣɣεжҺͺҺϴȥϮּһ֧Сӣȱǽ˵Ĵ۾ȫ˶ԷʮСӣиһżȭʦǡ
飬׵̲סݺݵشһٷؼ;˭û뵽ּҵ˾Ȼ׷ּѾΪ۷ȭʦ
һһ۷ȭʦζʲôȻ֪һβƸοԷһʮ꣬˵ֻҪԷŭԹĵù߼ǰ϶¡
뵽ּҼпܳһߣ˲оȫһȫ
Ҳһ۷ȭʦѵɱģɫʮѿʵʧһ۷ȭʦ˵˽ǡ
׵ͻȻʮֵĿɬɱ壬ҺҵĺҲɱˣɱϵˣ
һԵĺ峤ɫѿûг
˭ѵһ۷ȭʦѵԳˣʵ
һ꣬һʮ꣬Ӧ˵һ׵ɫͻȻʮѿ·ٴ֮ǰ飬
ԷǸϴսʮغϲܣʩչ߾裬ԷһζӴܣȴͻȻʩչһʮֹĹϾǱԷһдˣԷǳûעʱ򣬽ɱˣ
Ҳ޷򶨣͵һ´λȻ۾·ҪɱһݺݵĶԼĶӡ
˵ʲôһʮĺӣ
ҵĴҲһվЩ˼ĶſſڳеףҪ֪ڵĳϲʣԷҪΪڿЦˡ
˵ʵްԣ׷һ̧ͷԼ׶ӡ
죬źݺݵһƨɶλϣԺȫǸղŶ˵Ǿ仰
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ôһ£ҰɫʮѿҪʱ򣬿˵ֻּһ۷ȭʦǵ峤죬ȴͻȻһ۷ȭʦһ̥Ҫôͣ
ŭһжջʧʱǺͺַˣʱɾͶԼΪˣ
峤ǸҲˣʧһ۷ȭʦԵ֮ӦԲ߶̰ɣ˵
һԼλϣʵ˫ߵһѾΪ˹ˣ˫Ѿһԣ֮ǰҲǷɧַ
ĵͷ֪ʲôͻȻ͵һǰӷֱӱѣ޴˴˵Ŀ⡣
վɨһ۴г˹
ΣӲ

˵ѧ˺׻βסϲ⣬һʵ
죬һԵĴϵ˶һĿҪ֪Ϊּһؼǵеÿһ˼Թȴʼ޴ţֻź˳ҲΪ׻ųּΪߵһؼ
صͷȷЩţֻⷽ
𣬡׻Ǽؼÿһ˶ȨѧϰȻҵŵķӦù˶лѧϰǵļܹϵǿʢһ˵Ҫ˽빫
һĿԼӣүү֪ؼŷ㷢ֵģڼصĹͷǿʵǡ
үүҲ˵ǡЩεԴԼǴȥģѵҪߴҪ׻ȥվڿյ׼ɣ˶Լһɵӡ
ҶһɻĿԼпɬɣ̧ͷעŴңʵҲûʲô˵ģܹϰ׻һⲢΪŷ
˵㽫Լܹк׻˴ңÿһ˶Ŵһͣһ췽ҹ̷һ˼顣
ϰ׻ķʽǡǡ죬Щ˼ĺе


ʮ ڤʹ
Щͷ͵ĴӼ߳غһ̧ͷһգڽˣ
ղеĴϼ˶޲ýԼ˺ϸоһ飬һʼ˶˵ܹ׻ķȻУں𼸺˶֮˲ŰŰɵˡΪؼƺԼԼᵽ֮
ղڴһȺ˵֪Ҫѧϰ׻Ҫķ󾫲ʵɫ仯ǲһ˿΢ЦĻȡ
Լ˵ȷʵʵŲţǾͲԼܵˣ
ЩĻɣ᲻Щĳʱ׼Ļɾ˼ˣ
磡
ͻȻһӵ˼˫ִԺתվԼ˿̶ԷһһŵĿԼ
ÿһ͸еЩΣԴϴε¼֮ͶȫĹرһţΪѽһʵŮӣԼȻǸʲôļԷ᲻Լк
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һʹȻ𲻾ܾԼ죬ϵЦԼݶ˵ĿһԶĸо
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ǿװɵĶһЦȻתԶȥתһɲͲ˳Ϊһᣬˤûлͷһ·Զˡ
ŶԷӰԶε̾˿

ڶգոս糿ĳһԵëϵĺˮʮָоѵƣһ˲ϴȻһ˲ʸмܹ̲סҪ
ëͿشԶ˹ҷԼҵķ
оȣԼҴƫԶķλǼıԵشƽʱûȴĹһˡ
磡ԺſڣעԼ˿ֻһ̿㣬ǰûдκ·
ЩӵĴļƿ̸һĨϼɷǺÿ
ôˣô𣿡ʵͬʱһԵϡ
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İˣüͷһ壬ɻˣ
ԷǻˣΪ峤ƺʮֿƺµе뷨æ͵
ͷȻĴ·תſڵЦҳȥһ£үүҹȥ
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ЦЦȻͷ߰ɣ
Щ̫ȻĽظţûעԼ׳ŵ̧ͷЩĴǰ
ȥˣ֮ǰǸǴּҷǳɳе꣬ܵ˵ĳޣ𼸺ڶ̶̵һʱһλı
Ǹ÷С޲µкǰȴ㹻бвϵķغϣǰıӰ۾һʡ
һ峤𣬻Լȡһ²ŵõᣬҪ֪ղſǲٻҪ׽ģԭȶû˿øеЩŮӸǰͲܹĹϵӵһ㡣
ǵԼʵһ˵ˣС뵽ǿɬ
̧ͷȴĿԼЩµͣ˽Ų֪롣
ٶȣǸеʱҪˣε̯̯֣ԼԶһξ
ŶͻȻͷȻͻȻСܼظ
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һ·Ծͣһ׼ȥ
ſվڵкȻ˽ȥ
д˿Ѿˣƺʮ֡ϯλÿүүʹϼˣǴ˿һλµİ˾ȻүүԱߣҪ֪ƽʱǴϵλá
ϵЦݸվЦŵãһ£
һλڤʹߣ


ʮ ڤ
һλڤʹߣⳤϣ
鳤ˣ²ʲôϣ棡ڤڵһͨӣߵλ˿ʮ֡Ľȴưվûվ
ϸĴǰԼԳˣһʮİɫõһ۾ܹϴ·ϲ֪ٱ˳ʮ˧һԼвŮ۵СǾͿԿ
رע⵽Էؿڷýɫ˿һʮֵעĿ
ƺǿڹ۲ԼؿڵĴ壬˲ʮֵһͦأȻǰ廨øӵԣشͳһŷ⣬رע۲ŷҲһı־²⣬һǾ߱ĳı־
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˵꽫ŷݵУЦ˵ϸھͲҪҽ˰ɣ峤Ӧʮ
Щ˫ֲĽӹŷ⣬ȻһЦĻص֪ĳ֪򣡡
֪ͺãͽǼѡԱڤɽɣʱҪѡһμѡΣʮָ߰ĽȻɨ˴еˡ
ܹμɵѡǵҲǺˣУȻĻǵһ嶼һһ˷úϧλɣܷͨѡοɾҪǵˣ
еŮɫ̾ͱѿ峤˼һɫֻõɴ۾ݺݵصŶԷ
Ǻǣⳤ˵ļǣܹμѡЩӵʱϣⳤܹչˣЦŹά
ѡʮӵһ£˽׵ǲܵģֻҪ汾£ôһͨѡΣİɣǼʮǰһ˳ɹڤ˰ɣȻȻͨӣɶһʵķҪģһʽ˵
ǺǣǾͶлⳤˣЦŸ͵⼸컹ⳤǼϢһ£ǻģ
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ˣͻȻŴһƯļŮ˽
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׼һϺõĿͷⳤϹȥϢһúúõźˣ˵
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ⳤȥֻʣԼʱΧ˲źε¶ϵ˷֮飡
ʮˣڤ׼µˣһ˷ܵ˵Ƶһŵľջ
ʮˣ벻ϴεѡѾȥʮˣҲһпתۼЩһﶼ϶ˣ
Ǻǣ磬ϲˣвӿ֣ǵļܹѪҺһ峤ʢ˥ľϰЦŶ豭һ
ǰһǿɵúúõİסᣬʱмͨѡΣĻǼĵλڴɽΧɾһ׶ˣ
үүڤʲôһԵ𿴵峤ֻԹԵĳԣֻԼʵ
ǺǣɻǵϴҺ㽲ȭʦ߼۷ȭʦ۷ȭʦʲôЦеĿԼӡ
ĸתУԥ˵ᵤĸ֮תΪߣʼΪԪȭʦ֮ӦԪʦ
ЦǺǵ𽲻ʮ⣬ʵϾϴε֮˱ı˿ԭʮƫĴϴ˿̶һЦע
ȭʦ֮ϱԪԪʦԪʦߵͽױֻҪܹɹᵤĸȻתΪߣʱһԪʦƺܸˣʮ̸ֽĶ𽲵ͬʱҲǶΧһ
ڤڱɵһɣŵڤڵ
һһȫ齨ɣǽǶôǿĴڣԼһ߶ûУڤȴȫ齨ɣҪּĻǻּ顣
ǸղŶԷ˵ǸǼ˽ڤڵ¡ղǸһｲһ仰
ǺǣʵڤڲһĳһӴɣҪֳʢ˥ȻҪʵѪҺЩѪҺǴӴɽΧЩһѡȡʵʮǰڤչһεӣʱǼһλԱǵһλ屲ɹΪѡʮеһˣʱʮѾǾżȭʦ˵ʮѾɹˣ
ߣ
β𣬾ΧĲ˶һľˣԭԼߵĴڣֻǼ뵽С
үүȻǼߣΪλҪηҰЩʵһֻҪߣҪСӦʮֵס
ʹϼ˶һۣȻͻȻ˴ЦһĿЦŽ͵ѵղû𣿼Ȼѡ³ԱȻɽмģּܹ˽ɣôȻҲ˽뵽ڤˣ
Ϊ˽뵽ͬһɱͬţȻڻɱˣ֮ǰеļͶһ涨Ǽ뵽ڵ˲֮ķǼ嵽ʱ̣ҲǴδгߵԭ򣡡
һȻѹÿһٳߣǼʮһ߼ҲкüˣԭǶսˣ
ʲôͻȻٴʵүүȻ֮㲻ܹΪЧΪλҪأ


ʮ ѡԱ
һ͵Ŀ𣬶Լ̷ܹĹؼʮ͡
˵ĺܶԣҸٸˣǼ壬ҺʹǼΪôöûнߣ˱츳⣬ּҵĵйأ֮Уؼ빦ʮֵķḻܹӽ׼ʵĵҩ˵Ļѡ𣿡
һؼĵҩ⼸ÿһ߶ѹֻôѡ뵽ɡ
ҪǣֻҪܹɣΪɴĻǻʹļģʱļҲΪϴζݱԺѧɽصĻһѧǻֱӵ츣壡˵ѵ֮𣿡
ͷΪ˶˴ͷҲҪɵԭˣԭ˵ԼܹɵĻôǵԼʵźôԺԼļǱڵ洦Ҳһѡ񰡣а뵽
Ѿף̧ͷɨŴλһڤٴɽѡ³Ա˵һǱϧᣡڤѡεϴһûиı䣬ֻҪǶʮʮϣѾɹȭʦĳԱԼ룬һһˣѡǱúõһ
ֻеĲ̱ý
˵ܹɶ˵һʮĻȻϣԼеһǼз˸ֹÿһ˶ض峤Լʧһᡣ
ÿһĿƵһʱҲЩѣ֪ǺˣⲢһò£һѡõĻплԹ
첻ЩѵĿһԵļλϣЦǿʲô⣿
ѡпܽе˰ɣϳȿڵҾ;ͲˣѾ۷ȭʦȥɣ⡭
⿴һȻſڽ츳ĿãǶ˼Ļߣһ˵һӴĲƸԣҲȥɣ
ͷȥûκһǼţһֲţÿһжˣǼпܽߵĴڣѡȻû顣
ˡϽﲻҲЩˣڴɨһ顣
骵̱ýÿһ˶ϣܹϵߴԼƿʱ඼Ҫˡ
ɨŴһڴעԼǣοЦ⻹治һò°
Ǵʲô飿˭Ҫμѡεģ
ΣֻýƤ߸ڳԼ
ңμӣվһȲҵ˵Ļᣬһվ
ңҲҪμӣһֱӰȻĺûᣬվ
峤Ҫμӣһһͨѡεģĵ˵
ƾʲôμӣҲȭʦҲϲμӱ׼ҲҪμӣһֱվһδһ̲סˣ˵
ôֺ꣡㲻ѵ׼һ£ҪھͳȥΣЦӮ˻ʸҲң
ҲһЦվԣһеٮٮߣȻȫĲηЩս
סڣͻȻŭǼûйˣ
ɣһԵڷȫת˹ȥȻÿһ˶μӣôҾ͸һƽĻɣ
ʮµѡһѡֲμѡΣʮϵѡѡֲμѡΣ
в˵ϱɫ΢ЦҪ˵ƫǻᣬȭʦʵѡѡˣȥȥʶһ棡ļһҲ뷨˲ѡԱд󲿷ֶǰ˾żȭʦԣȭʦҪѡʱѵģ峤óһûɣ
ⷬ˵ֿ˲ٿȷ˵ĺܶԣʮȭʦȥμѡΣȥģ̶ܴϿ˵˷һ
ȻʮֲģҲֻνܣΪʵˣڼǰǱӣ
ˣȻҶûھͿʼ׼ѡٰɣǿԼƼҲԱʤ֮ǰһƽ˵
үүǼȥμѡεĻҺͺҵô죿
üʵֻүү۷ȭʦϴһϾ۷ȭʦ˭ܹ뵽Էһж۷ȭʦǳʱµĻ¶Լ弫Ϊ
õģİɣһҲʮѡΣܹѡͨôǼųԶĺôǲּ峤ԶЦģҾǶԷƣǼҲδؾһɲҪǣһεѡֻҪܹѡôǼĵλͻٴҪԸǼҲúúõĵˣ
ͷϣʶźã浽һҸƴƣʱƴҲҪѵ


ʮһ 뿪
׼ˣ
ЩЦõĿææİ׼ʰȴһ˿˿ж
һ˳ﲻܹչˣԸҪ׼ȫʰõһװȻһᣬվЦ
֪㳤ˣж־ķҲϣΪǣңסж־Զξ죡һֱССļ岢յ㣬ֻɵһСС㣬ӣҪסԶֻʱģȵߵ㹻߶ȵʱͻ֣ᷢԭЩ鶼ֻǹƣͻȻ̧ͷԶǶ𽲣иж
סˣİɣ
ЦŽѾõѪħڱȻŽһԵһڴùС
ʱɱħĽңЩҲûãڼ嵱ճɣЦ˵
Щһǳϴ⳥Լģʣµʱɱħ޻õĽңǼ֮һֱûжȻʮɻǳʮ̹ˣ˴ȣǶԷһֱûҲûж롣
ǰ̯ڴһĽңȴӿˮҾԼһδεԵնɱħ޻õģ
ЩİָǰĽң¶һ˿Цݡ
ãﶼˣӳˣԺͿ帣ˣһȰһ죬˵ȥڰɣҪ˼ҵţ
ͷӹеİϸķԼıǰһᣬ̧ͷһףȻͻȻ͵һ¹ڵأһȴȻһ㶣ȻͻȻ۽źˮЦˣгҸ֪㡣
𹧹ĳԼ׿ͷȻվЦ˵ˣİɣһʧģ
ͷȻ𻺻߳ſڣͷȥ֪ʧԶУȻԺźդϣػӶ֡

ϵʱ༸Ѿڴڵȴˣүүʹϼ˶ڴˣԼ֮⣬˶Ѿװ˷ܵı飬һ˰һվãûκ˴к
һּѡ˳֮⣬ʮѡĴ˿һ˷ܵԱߺ骵˴˵ʲô
ʣµҲȫԣͿԿּһҪΪɵģ˵ŮԲУļУкӱŮϾռơ
Ҳʶһ˼Ԩһֺ꣡˶ʮİ˼ȭʦ츳Ѿʮֲˣ
˶룬Ŷһ֣װ˵Ȼ˶ˣôҾʹˣܸͨѡλҪǵ컯ˣ
һЦ⣬һͶлⳤϵһ·չˣģСûʲôģССƷɾ⣡
˵űͳһڴȻĵĻС
ֲźۼĽصһ¿ڴķЦ峤ˣչǱҷ֮£峤ģһᰲȫĽǴڤڵģʱܸͨѡξҪǸԵıˣ
ǣǣЦһ֣ȻתˣǼһ·ҪⳤϵĻҪǻﲻҪûǼ棡ĪҪǿͷˣ׼߰ɣ
һȭȻˣˣ˵תԵ켸˵߰ɣ
һȺ˻ԶתһԵЦЦ߰ɣܹͨѡΣΪǼӮҪǵ컯ˣ

ƺһʼҪȸһһ·ӣٶȷǳ죬ΪѾߵԵʣȻЩȭʦܹᲢ۵ġ
۷ȭʦȻû⣬ƽڴɽнеĿޱ֪Ҫ϶ٱּٸ·˵棬˼ȭʦܹǿϣΪȭʦЩˡ
һʼܹҧ֣۵øֱ߲ˣȷʵˣͣ½ŲƮƮ˵ʱϢһ°ɣ·
ɨһȻ治ɫ¿ڲʮ־ȣǽתƵǱϡ
Ҳȭʦɣ򵥵ļٸ·ˣμѡΣҿ峤˼Ӧ˷һȥʶһɣ
ɫǺ죬֪۵ûģֻЩΧԼˣֱӵͷһ˶ŵ档
֪˵еǣ¶Ƽģһ岻ǽŵʱǾͻ֪ʲôˣҿҲСеᣡָָ죬ǲСˣûнߣɼ츳Ҳһ㣡
澹Ȼн˳һ飬˵ɫЩѿȫĬ
ϢûУϢ˾͸Ͻ·ĸ·Ӧˣ㻹ֱӻӶĻ̰ɣһȻͻȻʮֵİͷǰļˡ
ȵڤɽ֪ʲôţ


ʮ ڤɽ
ɽۣڴɽһͦζ߷ϣƣɽȥɽλþͻᱻƲ㵲ס˵ķ羰
ڤɽ
λǺڤǵλãɽҲǴɽΧĿеʥأΪɽ֮һм嶼ηɡڤڡ
κһ˵ܹһ߾Ѿʮ˲ĴڣΪڴɽΧЩСУֻҪܹһߣôǼڴɽΧĵλͻֱм顣
ڤȴһȫɵɣȻ԰ɽҲΪδɽΧһһڤǣɵӰԾһĴǿֱӾ
ˣɽΧļ߾ȫҲҪڤڣΪŸ߼ؼԼ෱ܹ˼ϰĵҩ
ڤɽƺʮֵ֣ԭɽŹ㳡ϴ˿ѾվˣЩȫֳһȺȺһСɢڹ㳡ܣ˴֮佻̸ţͬʱĻ衣
ֵĹ㳡ڴͻȻһȻ˵Ӱ˴ҰУɨһ۹㳡еȺȻŻͷˡ
ǼڹٳŰɣȻǣ
˵㲻ˣԹԵʶȥˡ
ЩȵĿһ۹㳡еȺȻ֮ǰѾ׼û뵽ʵĳȻǳԼԤϣԼԤϵҪࡣ
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תü𣬶һԴڵĴһ·ϵͣ·ֱƣˣ
ûû£ϢһͺˣҪǿװûµ߼վֱѶڵˡ
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Ļ༸ʮͬĵͷ󼸸ȫ𣬶νʼʾԼû
Ǻã߰ɣҸطϢһ£Ҫָỹ֪ʲôڵǣҪǽڵ״̬ɨһ۹㳡˿̸ĲһĴԼ֧飬ͬʱ˽ڴ̽ԼϢ
ߺ˵˭أԭּҵ˰벻ǼλǾӢ
ͻȻԶһ켸˵ĶУüͷʶһ壬תȻͿһˡ
ԩ·խСĵ͹һƵĸ켸վ
״˿Ϊɫվһ˵ЦƺʮͶ˵Ըĸˡ
Կ壬ΪȫͳһʮַɧİɫһȫɫƺʮͶһּ˹
磬⼸λּҵˣһЦĶԴŻ˵ƺΪԷע⣬˵һλּҵˣ˼ڿ۷ȭʦأ
׳켸ɨһۣ߼ϣƽ˵죿
ɨŶԷԵֺ꼸վ߳ĶȺļһ
ûлشԼĻ˵ǺҺף˵ǼĺǱɱ
ͻȻЦɱҲɱˣôʱ㣡
ģȻһȺʮŵļһ
վںļ˿ȥˣǰһ׼֣Ե˼ԴҲæվԷţƺʱ֡
Ǻǣ۷ȭʦȻЩŵıǮͻȻĶ죬ͻȻñ۷ȭʦǲ
۷ȭʦȷԸ㹻ˣ˿õĻػ
ԭЦݵɫ˲۾ض죬˺õĵš
վһƺʮ״֪ԼĶ֣Ҫ𣬽赶ɱһѵķǴһ˿ײĻȣ۾ɨּεļμѡεĳԱ
׵תʱԷһЦĿԼ׵ͻȻݺݵشһȻ˵ڴɽǳսʱǸӰλغһ
ͻȻог˿־壡նɱе۷ȭʦʱ׿˶Ǵĵ־塣
֪ϳԼĿһ۶ԷȻЦŽתƵ˱𴦣֪ԼѾԷѹһٲʶ࣬ʱҲһ̵ӡ
ûз׵ı仯š
Ȼţôܣ
ʱ㣡
ס֣
ͻȻһŮӵȴ˵ԣһȺ˶鲻ԽĽתƵԴ򣬵˺ʶһ㶣
ƯŮ
ȻҲһԴǵ˵ʱҲԱַƵģʼþ



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ԭĳضʱð˶ĬĽǰŮ
ˣһϮɫȹںڵĳβûκεװƷֻͷһֻɫķƣ˵߲ϵתơ
Ůİɫȹزλãһýɫ˿ϵֱʮҫۡ
㶵ĿǰŮĺһĵ׵𺳺˳
û뵽ȻοЦҡҡͷ
˵ġȻָϴڶϻ¹ĹмȺˣеŮӡ̣ǵõʱǸеĽʦá뵽𲻽һ㶡
ѵϴεǻڤڵˣ
⣬ǵĿɬ鷳ˣ벻תһȦȻת˻Ҫ֪ϴλǲֱӽЩڹĹС
ȻҲųˣϵı侲ķЩһǸΪѵڤڵ
Լϴλƣһ๸һܹϳԼǱϳĻ¾ˣڻһһɣĵ˵
뵽𲻽ٴνתƵǰ߳ɹŮϡ
ע£Ů켸ǰ󻹸żڤڵĵӣǶ˫΢΢һЦȻſڽ飬͸һ
ڤڵľڤڹյӵӣλҪڴ£ȻĻ»ȡ˫Ĳѡʸ񣡡
ԴŮ֮󣬺׵߾ʹûƿԷ壬һ˿ĹʣȻЦȴкǺҺףȻС˵ˣȻأС㲻Ҫ֣
һͶлˣľ߲ûڶԷ϶ֱӽתƵһԵϣϵЦ̲סܾ
Щ˼ĽƿֻҪԷǵ鷳ǲµģ
ľһЦȻ˫ͬ⣬ǾͶлˣҿڴϢԻ˸ҴʳϴҿԽָ۷壬ѡʽʼ֮գڴԤףλɹˣ
Ǻǣ仰ȻǾģһȫԸģͻȻЦŲ
ţϣҶܹ˵ּβμӵɨʱһ㶣ͻȻʮϤĸоȴôҲ벻Է˭
ľԼ˶ýͬʱ˫ֽս׼Ӧκͻ״ڻֻûѣöԷʶԼݣڤɽ¿Լֻбץһ·ˡ
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˶û뵽ľͻȻһİ꽲һʱ˶תƵϡ΢΢üͷ֪Щʲôּ༸һɻ
ǿ򶨣ͻȻЦ˵λ˵Цˣݵ΢ôʶ
ľüͷ룬ȷʵûκε˼ſЦҡҡͷҲԼ̫˰ɣֻǣû뵽Է徹ȻɳĳԱμѡΡ
˰û˼ļ̌ͷΧһȺЦЦ˸λڴҿҵطϢһ£ʱҰʱＯϣʱǻῪʼʽѡΣ˸跹ã
˵֮ľŶΧ˿ĵͷȻļڤڵ˻뿪˴˴
Է뿪ųһʱıѾ亹ʪˡ
뿪׵ɨһ£ȷԼʶԷֽתƵϡ
Сӣˣ˵Ҳ㶷ѡУڴҪңĻһһӵģ
ƽɨ˶Էһۣ˴˱˴ˣ仰ڷ㣡
ߣһϣߣͻȻһȻȴת뿪
׵뿪ȻǲҼת̾ߣȴΪһ仰ݺݵһ
ףˣУѡεʱ仹أǲʵҲҵļ󣡡
һͣת忴һȻûлػͷҲصĴ뿪ˣɼϴɵӰȷʮ־޴
תû뵽ȻὲĻĸȫԼûˣһȥȻһյأ£ۿʼ׼ָ
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ĵͷϽҸط׼ʼϢ
ܿ㳡˶Һλãԭĵ˵Ĺ㳡ʱһƬûκ˽˶ڰĵȴţȴ̫ͬҲڵȴſ˭ܹƼɵ


ʮ ѡοʼ
峿ĵһڤɽɽµƬ㳡ָһҹǿʼ׼Ҫһ¡
ڹ㳡ΧһУΪԤͻ¼ּҵֵָ࣬
۾оһһϵܹоͻƵĸоȴһֱǲż
³ڵһЦҡҡͷɣһ;ͲֻܼǺ˺
վΣһԵ룬ҲʰϣһЩɨΧͻȻĹ㳡
Ѿ۲ˣβμѡεԼڶңҲ˵ɽΧʮ弸ȫյ룬ȻҲųеļĴһӴļ壬ƼѡȻֻɲڤڻѡֶ¼á
һЩЦõǣԼвѡСꡣ
ʵ΢һҲȻˣϾڤѡǶʮµĳԱеļȻʮֵϧλᣬԣȻǽʵ츳ĺӸѡ
ԳһȻǱһЩƣϾǶ˼Ļе峤ôȻѡʮμѡΡ
˻ǲ٣һԵЩզĿǰĹ㳡֮ڼеİƢǱʵܶʱǽض
߰ɣ쵽ʱˣ˵ȻһԵĹ㳡ȥ
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ȥΧȫǴƷεĸˣٿԼߣȫŲͬȻȫոµ·ͬԼԵøӵࡣ
ҡҡͷٹעЩˣѡƾʵǴûоԵʵҲǰ׷
һȺȫۼڹ㳡СĸԽ̸ţͬʱҲھĹ۲ܵЩǱڵĶ֡
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һԹĿּߵˣ˫Ѿǲݵľ棬ȻûҪװαĿ
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ͻȻôһ˲䣬ЩҪμѡλˡ
ͻȻȺʼ궯ڹ㳡һͷһȫʯ̳ɵĽʰϣһֱѵ߿Ʋ֮ϣɽƽ˲ٵظС
˵ע£ֻʯ׵ľͷһһλϵĳߣĺϵ趯ټϱһѱһɷǵĸо
ߵǼڤڵĵӣȫŴڤڵķΣÿһ˵ıȫһѱɼڤڵĵӿܶޱֱġ
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ͻȻܽԵһ֣ˣǣⳡĹûйǿøֶȥȡƣǼס׼˸ɱ˹˽ô彫ᱻڤţ
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˵㲻תʧһԵĹľС

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һͻȻԶ𣬻δȼ˷ӦͻȻͷϷһӰ䣬Ȼһʯһݺݵײϣ


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ͻȻ͵̧ͷһüͷ鲻Խ
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˵¼Ķ֣Ƶĳɭȥ

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˼ԨǰϸһüͷͻȻ
ĸ첲ˣܹж˼Ԩ磬ı㲻ܹμˣ
Ļ˼Ԩһ˿ʹܿͱιȥ̧ͷЦŶ˵֪ûԼʵҲܽѡΣܹμıѾʮˣ𣬸ղŵллˣ
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ԷµҩվЦЦҪˣüǰˣǰ·ѵģ
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ͻȻͣסȻ󻺻תЩɻʵ£
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ͻȻһȻ̧ͷ𣬡֪лԹҵģҲܹԭңǡ
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˼ԨҲԼƾЦ˵öԣǼϣһ뵽ڤڣǽƽУϣܹǵϣԸһֻߵһأ
ĿһۣȻĽӹƣͻȻһ˿ůӿ
İɣһ
˵ͷȻ֤Ƶ˵ȻһȥӣʧԶ
ԶͻȻֽԼ첲ϵ³Ȼ뿪ķ졣
Բ𣡡


ʮ Ԫʦ
ǴɽһȽĴڣŴƬ֣ΪҪɽֱΪһ죡
εڤڵѡ·þ˵أҪѡεԱﾭȻĻֻܹߵɽ·ߣĻ±ٴζʱ䣬˵ȵƹȥʱѡͽˡ
ǰѡ־ϰڸеһȫǰĹָסȥ·ϸĹ۲һǰĵƣ˵óһۣҲֻǰһ·ˡ
ǰһĸˣǺ˵ɭҵ˱˴ˣƾ˵ϲ䵥ѡȫ˵ϡ
Ҽʹ˱ǵȼһĶ֣Էĸ˵ʱҲѡ̣ϾʹܹսʤҲҪľԼȫʱ±˾ͻûԼ֣òʧ
˱ŻＸܿ첻䵥˶ƣһ۷ȭʦҲ͵Ϯܡ
磬ڿǰˣв˰ɣСһ˵
ٺ٣İɣǹģΪǰ˶ѾǴƣڿѾû˸ǰˣ
ܣ㻹ǲǫ飬⻰ҰеϴЦ˵
ٺ٣磬Ƭֿ¾ֱܹӽ뵽յˣѾжʮſˣƽָĸ˿Ҳֱܹӽʮˣһֻδֵܲ鿴һ¿ڴеЦ˵
߰ɣֱӴ֣ϴԽǵȫһЩ
磡㿴ͻȻСǸָһ
˳ĵָȥֻڹֵλãһɽһ͹Ĵʯϣһɫϥƺȫûз˵ĵ
طôˣ϶ЩɻѵҲβμѡεĳԱ
ôܵô죬ǻҪǰеٶ̫ĻôŪ㹻ƣҪ֪󲿷˿ɶںأе侲ķ
˵еǽһãϴ˵ȻתɽϵһȭλֵܣǷҲεĲμѡεĳԱ
˵ɽһֱδڻ۾ɨȻſ˵
һƣȻǹȥ
һ㶣ȵӦԷ˼֮󣬻һͻȻЦе϶Цᶼ˳
ι˵ֵܣû°ɣһվﾹȻҪĸˣһƣô˵ȫ°ȫ¸ûɣ϶Ц
ɽϵȻۣкһɨһеĶ磬Է̸еһ飬һΣյĸо
ȻԸһ㣬Ǿȫ°ɣ
˽ȻһԾ𣬻δĸȫӦѾ϶ǰ
áÿٶȣ
ৣ
ĳ֣һץеĶ磬˵˵в
飡
δ˷ӦѾĳŽԷֱһ߷˳ȥڵϴ˼Ȼû˶
ܣ
磡
ȵ˷Ӧʱ򣬶ԷѾ˼ʮԶĵط
ģ㾹Ȼ˶磬㣡Сһ˵ȻȻһԷԴȥ˿˼Ѿû˱ѡε飬һǰһ롣
ǻδĵ䵽ԷϣԷȻ֣ȻһסԼһĵܱеֻ첲ûһ
Ȼһתһĵеĵͷ·ǳ۾һϻһѪۡ
飡
һٴν߷ɣһĵסӭľ޵ͬʱһȭͬϴȭͷݺݵڿжײһ
飡ǰɣ
ͻȻһĹȻϴĸ첲ͻȻȻײһĻȣ˷·Ƕߵķһ㵹˳ȥ
硭ڻеĺȻеĵ뿳ˣȴٶȸ죬ƳɵڶԷĲһȻĵſſĵ˵ϡ
ɨһǰˣȻĵһдӻͳһɫĿڴᣬһۿڴƵĿ˵ǲ¶һĨɵĻȡ
һһĿԼϴеĿڴƽ˵˵һ룬ȻǾһͨˣ
еϴЩʹķ˵ĸ첲ϵĺˮϵĵ䣬ȴӾ˲˼顣
㡭ѾΪˣǹǰÿһѡĳԱĶ԰ɣ


ʮ ִ
ৣ
һӴ£ЩɻĴһ˴Ļһ˿ȡ
оΧȰķΧһĨ䣬ĵ̫ҪһСļпܾͱԷ㡣
̽ǰһȻͣ£ΪͻȻһӰ֪Ӻδӳֵס˶Էĵ·
ͣסŲЩĴǰİˣ˿̶ԷԼһɫǹαֱϾ͸һֹĪĸо
һƣȻأ
һԷתȻƽעţƽ޲κε
üͷϸǰԼ˶ٵˣ֪ΪΣһۿȥԷ͸ԼһʮΣյĸоָоԼΣյԤУȻûκεĸݿԣȴʮֵǿҡ
ûӶƣ˵׼вμѡε£Ȼǽƣ˵Լʵʮֵţ
ǺǣŲŲ˵Լ䣡ʮ԰Ľ
˭ͬʱн׼ʱ
ҽг磡ƺʮȤһҷȥҪǱҴܣȻһҲʣ£
ûлصԷĻϵı£ȻָԷг˶־жԼеľ
ܺãҾϲйˣҪ˵Ҳ㣬ܷҶҪԼıˣ
żһ棬Ȼеıһ󽣻ûκλڵģһֱƶԷĲ
۾һԭЩŵѹֻӲ
Ȼûжñĳǹֱϣ˲ĽڼԷĲʱͻȻɵһȻ󽣼ͷӹȥһƷ˿
粢δţ֣ȻһסȻ׼ֶὣߣȻһת·תȻ˫ĸ첲ȥ
һ˵һǧ˰ٵʽǳ粻ֵĻ»ᱻֱȻĴҲᱻˡ
Ȼ޴ĽƿȻϥȻᣬһϣԲסеıֶ
˫һȭӳȻ˵ͬʱȭȻ˺ķֿ
ǿûúѪҺȻѾ۷ȭʦڸûбȫһĸӲղųһȭֱڲ١
ƮƮĴһԼţȫûˣЦһ۷ȭʦѹֻԼţ
ͻȻһ˿ѪĶŶԷͳʵߣѾԪʦ
ǺǣȻб£ҵȷԪʦˣȻһԪʦǶԸƺӦʮˡ
һ˿𾪣û뵽ɽΧȻǲԻһɵ¾ȻܹԪʦ
뵽Լ۷ȭʦʵԭе˿еȻ޴棬һ˿ɬ˿̲ŷԭԼ֮ǰȷʵЩ֮ˡ
ǲЩڸղŵľˣͻȻȤĴ졣
ɿؿڵ֣ͻȻ۾Ȼ뵽˾ԵİУ˫Ȼ쿪ΧҶȫ
ɫҲͻȻ侲ض죬ƺڵȴŶԷչ
ȵΧҶ࣬ǰγһ޴ǽڣȫĸ˴˿ԷӰ
Ȼ˫ۣ˫һȭ޴ʱ쳹֡
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޴ķԼҶóϵɳɳ죬ǳ籾ȴûκεľš
һپʤɣͻȻŭһȻһȭ
ȭ
һһʨ˫ڿвϵ˺ҧվڽЩŵעǰһС
ò˵ʵռƣ۷ȭʦԪʦǼϵĿԽһʵķ츲صı仯
зʽı仯ȭʦϽǽ׵Ԫʦ֮ϰԪȡԪʵȻ֮ΪԼãմﵽʵĿġ
еͻԱʨӸһܿͽʨһ˺ҧˣձһ⻪ȻʧС
ۣ
ͻȻ³һѪҺ˶ʱή
𣡡
еͻʧȥ˶ֺһڣͻȻ·죬ȻͻȻ£һŭ죬ݺݵײϡ
飡
ͻȻεض𣬷·Ƕߵķһ˳ȥصˤϣû˶
ȻһԶڵûж죬ͻȻתĳһһۣЦһ
λôãǲǸˣ


ʮһ ·
ųĻ£һ㣬ȻƵߵǰӣ컳ͳһɫĿڴһ¿ڴеĿĵͷվ
ɨһܣû˳֣Цһ
λѵһֱͷڹҪ֪·߿ֻйֿͨĵطǸͨģѵ
γĻãΧļϣԭʲôûеͻȻ߳һӰɨһۣʮˡ
ôλ׼Σǽһƻ׼һЦɨһǰʮˡ
վһԵһϣ˿ҲΪ˹¼ҹˣ֮ǰǸҲѾ֪ȥǴӺϵĺۼ֮ǰƺҲһսۡ
磬һ˾뽫ȫҿھҪһƣǲЩ̫ˣһϵһ΢ֵЦһ
ղ͹۲쵽ԼΧͲˣȫһֱۿͳսȻ֪˳ʵ
Ǻǣû뵽ξȻܹһλԪʦҪȫͨＸǲˣЦЦȻ󻹹⿴һΧļˣܹߵڵȻеʵģЩҪˮ֮ǰĻսб׵ϴˡ
Ȼ֪ҵʵôλ׼ô죿λһ׼ƴһأ׼һưȻͨ
ƺʮһ㣬Ц˵ҸλһѣоܹƴҴܵĻô˿Ҳ֮ɣ
㻹еʶѵͲǼλֱֽܣȻеƣҪ֪ڵĿѾ㹻ðŸˣ֮ǰǸ˵
ƺǶԶԷĻһ㶼⣬עŶԷЦһһ㶼ģҪ֪ⳡɭУܹεֻԼֽܹһܣǵʱʱȻַ˵ʱ򣬶ңұ֤˴ܹ𣿱ˣΧЩʱѿҲǱڵĶ֣˵Է˿ڻĶϵأ
ЦЦôŻһԭǾǸղλֵսʱλԶѾˣǼʹȻûһ˸ŵʱֵĻҾԲǵĶ֣ȴȻѡԹۣ˵ʲô˵ǲͬԷֵĻһǱڵľֶѡ
㡭
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ðɣӮˣƾһԪʦʵҺ׾ͷ㣬ȻҪһǣҴһͻȻЦһȻһԾ£ڳߡ
ƾһ㣬ҾԸʰ·磡ּܹҵ޷ڤ⿴ģˣЩˣ
˵꺫ĴӻͳһڴȻųһԼֻһĿ
ܺãȻʮʶʱ񣡡һһãȥɣңĳ˾⵰ĿǰϵĿҲͨѡΣ
ٺ٣Ǿͽ㼪ˣЦŵͷȻתһˣһԶȥ
Ÿղź׸ƣȻе˵࣬תһԵļλλǴôأ
Ҳ̫̰˰ɣα¼ȡǰʮеĿѾңңˣΪλҪǹȥܹͨѵͲͬʱЩһڤڵͬţ
ͻȻһԵһڿȥˣȻվ˵
ЦһȻһ׵ĳڶԷǰ˼棬ܹ˴˸ܵԷĺ
Ժҹܲţò˵㣡
飡
׵һȭֱӽڶײԼһȭ˳ȥٴûˡ
Χۿļһľɫ˲ѿ
ڵ뵽һѵľأ˴ͨǲܵģΪû˻ԼĻ飬ӲȥĻôпܵŵ˾Լ³
ৣ
ڼΪѵʱһͻȻܵǰеһڴ˶ԷУҵģ
Цŵһ£Ȼ΢΢һ࣬óһ·
ٴЭ༸¶֮ɫڣһ߹ȥԼóһ뽻˳С
˶ѡЭһֱһԹ۵Сһ˿ҪԼòеȷЩʣ֪ԼĿǰʵǶԷĶ֡
ѵҪеƽһ룿
ֽӹһύƣ˵ԼѾĿڴĵ˵ͷЦſһԶдӰϹɭ֣Цһ
ڴװˣЩһˣ
˵һСĿɿڴУת뿪ˡ
лԼĿڴ۾ĿųԼǰʧϵı鼫ľʣ˰űĳһ֡



ʮ ŭ
ֵԭһʱ䣬С濴һܣʮȤ׼뿪
ৣ
һӰȻȻǰԷûлͷֱһڵϵһԱԣüͷһ
СЩɻĴͻȻԼǰԼҪ꣬һ˿档
˿ʮֵĲƽԭΪ˿̿͵յˣ˭ԼȻڴ˴죬ҶԷˡ
ĽȻһԵһϣӿڴеƿͳһŵҩԷĿС
һУٴϸļһƣһеľȸ
ȫʮص֮⣬ڲҲ˺صˡڲңĺܲĴҴܡƺҲܵˡ
תһԼİӣ˵ģ
СЦŰڰ֣ҿûôʵʱԷѾˣ
վЩĴǰӣ֪˭ɵ𣿡
Ȼж컹һЩ٣һǶͬһ壬֮ǰѾԱ˳ˣֺˣ˼Ԩһ첲˭룬ԭ쾹ȻͻȻ˴ƣıܼμˣҲ˵ĿǰλãּΨһһԱֻʣԼ
ԼҲͻȻֵĻôһּҾûκܹ뵽ڤڣүүȫڴգʧʧȲ˵ʮȴΪӰ
Сνĵ˵ͷһļһҽ㲻ҪΪԷһһԪʦ
һԪʦ˵
ʵѾԤϵˣܹΪ۷ȭʦˣԷӦһȭʦ
ò˵ʮˣΪ֮ǰԷÿһﾭ˱뽫ϵóһ뽻Ļͽ⵽ĹȻ˴ˣֱƣȻܿɺޣǲòһʮЧ
ͷ˵ּˡ
ȿȡһֻԵͻȻ۾һıվԼǰϸĻһ֮ǰ飬һĨɬ
벻վҵľȻ㣡Ц
˺صˣı޷μˣһȥƣ򽫻ºصĺ֢˵ϵıûһ˿ֻ˼
֪ԼƣıȷܹμˣŬԼʹϿ˿ȻſЦõĿ
ǼˣҲ¿ֻʣһ˰ɣ
ûлشĵ˵ͷ
𣬲֮ǰ֮кᣬҪǣûκ˼֮ǰԼҲ֪Ҫñ˵ؾͱ㹻ʵޱװӵģ
һı仯ȵģȻ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ĵȷȷӵ˿صʵʵ˶ԻȨʣһ˻ܹˣ㽫ΪԼϼ縺ҫϣܹŬȥΪ˼ȥȡǸ
û뵽ƽʱЦ쾹ȻԼ˵Ļǵͷ˵ģƴȫҲҪһ
ͷȻЩĿϣЦ벻һǶԼʵЩˣҪСǸģʵǿڵ»Ӧ
ģܹ֮ҧҰΪʱ̣ҧŹǣȵԷиʱŻԷһ
۾һĿһȻЦܺãϣҽܹĺϢȥɣ
ͷȻվʰ˿Ѿû˱˴˵ĶԹеֻʵĹͬѪһּУʹУ
СȻһССܸо˿ԼһʮΣյĸоĸоղӳҲо
תһһһֱδ뿪С棬߲ߣ
СԵһ㶣û뵽𾭾ȻԼڨЦʵ㲻Ҵˣ
üͷ˵еĿӦԽʮ֮˰ɣȻΪλҪѵҪǸһ
Сһ㶣۸еʮֵ飬ϸһ뻹ȷʵôһ£
Цҡҡͷһ˼ļһιܶҵθڣҽС棡
𣡡˵Ȼһյķȥ
𣿡С૵Ȥ֣Ȥһˣ
СͻȻ۴һȻȻķ׷ȥ


ʮ 
ڤɽµɭթǽ뵽˰Ȼɭֵһͷȴһ־
Ǻɽ˿Ĺ㳡ΧѾƬڤɽӸռݣڹ㳡룬֮ǰڤɽһԵϣ򰲾վһڤڵĵӡ
ͻȻĹ㳡ƾճĵӰ˶ģΧĵӹģ֪ڤеһ͡
ЦǺǵϵǰһ
ϣ
ΣЦʵ
ϣһοӻмĵŶһԵ˶һۣȻЦ
ŶܹϿ佱ĲĲЦ˵ҵǸӵĺˣ
ǺǣԵȰɣϾͻ˸ϹˣЦƺ׼һӡ
λҲˣһϢһ°ɣһָԵļΣЦǺǵ˵ǰĵȴЩСһǵĵɣ
λϸոܿɭֵĳڴʹһ˿
ˣὫеĲ豭£ȻתƵڡ
ŴϵĻ£㳡ڵ˶鲻ԽĽתƵһԵĳڴֻ˿ѾһӰ˵С
׼ӳڹ㳡ϣ˿̹㳡ΧûκεĳԱײһ˿˷ܣɨһΧˣȻ˵ע㳡վá
ں׵󣬺ܿд˽ǽ˵֮Ҳصվ㳡밲ıֳĬеںĴܡ
ڣȵֵʱһССɧϾĲ˶Ӷ׿Էһ˿ɱ⣬ܿͱܺõεˡ
ʱ㳡Ѿ˽ʮˣһ˲ϵۡ
ڣСڹ㳡ʱһСɧû뵽ӾȻܹߵЩ˵һ˿źźԼûһȻĻԼеҪٶ顣
ԭЦͻȻȻǼǵû뵽˿ּҾȻߵ
ߣǸСӣں׿һûֲһ·ܹġ
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ϣɭѾûˣ߶Ѿ̧˳ȥ
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˵꽫еƽгȻ󽻵һԵڤڵУ֤Ŀ֮Ծ˵һԡ
ţʮ飡ͻȻĿһۺףԵԾǲ˵㣬ܷڤڻҪĽ
ɫһ죬û뵽ԼƨȻĴˣæһȭ˵ǣ
һһ֣ȻһǰеƽڤڵУ˿̶ԷȴֻƣûкŪĿࡣ
˵Ŀûгʮ׵ϲһ˿ɫҪ֮ǰӶһ㣬ԼĿͲֹʮôˣ뵽ﺫ׵߲תƵ˳ϣ˿̶ԷǰеĿڴڤڵС
Էӹڴʶһ䣬һ˿ȣȻ󽫿ڴһѵƵ㳡һƬû뵽˾ȻŪ˶ơ
λ϶һۣȻֻعԼĹ۲һ۳磬ŵͷʮöƣһ
ߵһԣʼĿƺ˵ĿȤ
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СվڶС˿쳤˲ӿһ˽еƽȥȴʼԽԽ
ôˣɻʵ
ֵܣе㲻̫װһ£ĿǰΪֹǰʮĳԱУһʮöֻʮöƣһ˱ʮöĻôҾǰʮˣ
һ˵ǰ棬ˣûһܹǰʮĻôԼͻἷԷһ·̸ͨСӡǲҲϣԷ̭
˿ǰһһǰڴȥֻƣС׼ϳʱͻȻǰһȻ֪Ľһ˶ԷС
ʣµαԱСˣ㳡ϵ˶ȤĴˣв²˵ܹõơ
ǶһƽɣͻȻ˵ʵԶҲûбʲôϣϾˡ
СĿһȻͬʱǰڴеƽ˳ȻСͬʱеһƷ˽ȥ
óʱ㳡ٴһ󾪺û뵽꾹ȻҲôơ
ϣǶ˶ʮƣͬʱеʮ֮ǰһԱ˻ʮƣȴһˣڤڵĵѸٵı
Сһۣг˸мͬʱȴһ˿ġ
ŶȻʮһˣȤ˵һʮƵ˭
̴Ⱥ߳һˣŴһȭңΪи󵽰ɣұ絽ӦǶ˳֣
עһȻʶҵһˣ֮ǰһֻƲվ׵û뵽ױ̭ˣһֻĬĬŵļһȴͻȻɱ˾֮ǰһֱڰϻ
ҵĿһ࣬ƾʲô̭СĻƢһ̲ʲô˴ʵ
ǲĻǿԵʤĻʸΣ˫ֻ߬߬һؽ
ʹģΪ㰡С첻µزµһߣӾ׼ǰɼܡ
飡
δͻȻһӰδӦԷѾʮĹ㳡ϣʮǱĴ˼֮ͣ£ǶԷȴûһ˿
ȫž˶ЩȵĿǰһУ˿̴ҶоԼЩ̫ˣ
СЩ𾪵ĿվԼǰ꣬ȴһ仰Ҳû˵
𻺻ת壬ȻֱǰĴϣƽȴù㳡ϵÿһһɺ⡣
ˣڸպùʮˣˣ


ʮ ڤ
ǲһӣڴҲûνʱȴһĿɿڴķʽˡ
һȭ
һȭͽһɫ׺ݵĳ˻˳ȥľȻһꡣ
Ŀϵı˵ľʣжһĨĺԾԭȵС֮ġ
Сԭ⼸䣬ǿеĻδ꣬ȴͻȻǰĶѾʮ׿ĵϣһֱԼȴ֪ʲôʱԼǰ
죬Сֻ˵֣

ڳͻȻֵ״һ㶣ǺܿǾͳһĨ΢Ļȡ
е˼ˣ
Ϊϻʱ˭Ҳû뵽ϾȻ˻ȥȻɨһȫ
ǶȻȥվã
ȵСصĩβվãϲų˵Ȼոպãôʮ˴ӽ쿪ʼʽΪڤڵʽŵӣ
ϵʮ̱һ˷ܣÿһԵһⳡÿһ˵񾭶˼£Ҫÿһ˰ԼϤͬ飬Уÿһ˶ԼĵˣǽҪԼƵǱڶ֣ǻҪĻǵȥ˵ơ
ıÿһ˼սһ˲䣬ҲƲסеļź
СһۣӶЦһоڲС
лˣݶһỹģ
СͻȻ˵ЦƵĿȴޱ֣¡
ЦҡҡͷûԷĻ
ΪڤڵĵӣһҫͬҲһΣҪΪԼΪڤڵӶԺͬҲҪΪڤڶиŬǹ׳ԼҲϧ
ǳΪڤڵӵĵһ죬ר˻ὲãǿԸɽˣЩ̭˵ˣר˸ǻȥģ
Ͻվֱ뿪ˡ
ڿɽٴαþԭƣ̬һɨ⣬ϸһĨ˷ܵɡ
ˣλһ£ȵϼ뿪֮ǰһԵϲվЦǺǵĿˡ
ҽһ£ϷڤڳϣλһоϷţźöӣɽιһɣ
гϷҺźöӣһڴĿųϡ
ˣȻˣǾɽɣ
Ͻ֮ǰŶϵɽʯףƺƢ֮ǰĴϻҪһЩԶһĨº͵Ц⣬ʮֵƽ׽ˡ
ٺ٣ƴôڿɽˣҿһֱڤѾأһԵСֹܲסԼСֹ
ڤںЦʵڤ֮ǰЩĻôڴΪ˼ҫѡѡεġ
Դ֪ľ˵֮ɸеһвϴڹĹΪ˻˫֣ȻԼǸ޹ؽҪСǵʱԼȷʵԷжҺЩȫ˴
ǸϳԼݵĻ»ֱӽԼʬ
ι𣡡һԵС濴һ˷СôͻȻˣ
ŶûʲôֻǸղһЩ飡ЦЦ˰֣
ڿЩҲûãڻһһɣ
쿴ѾƲˣС鲻Խĺ
죡һԸ·ڤڵȵڶҪలض𣿡
ڤһɣϸƶȣǼҺԺʲô͸ʲôĵطûϤ֮ǰʵһ㣬͸ţǻ͸ţȱľţοڵʵƲţᷢǵʵ׵Ĵڣԣøʵһ㣡
Сһ˵ȴһԵסˣСĬҡҡͷȻ˼Ĭϡ
Ǽ뼸ڵɪ𣿡
С΢˵ϵıȴκεı仯ʼû˵һǸպܹһԵ
Цҡҡͷû뵽ԼʶСӻǸأε뵽
˵һȺѾؽ뵽Ʋɽ֮УɽµʱֻоƲеɽһ翣ƺңɼǽ뵽ɽ֮˲Ÿоʵˡ
ڤɽƣɽߣǴ˴ȻĵģƲֵɽ֮˲ŷԭԼôأƲеȻֻƲһһʱѡ
һȺڡƼУɽ¿һж֪ҲƲԭ򣬿ɽõɭֻ֣еһ档
쿴
ͻȻ֪˭鲻ԽĴһȻָһг˲˼ľϲ
̰նԷָʾȥ˱ǰľﾪˡ
֮ƵɽֻһۼĽ۴αȣηķֲɽÿһ䣬żܹһڤڵӾһж˵ۼ˼ɾ
ҲǵһοľĽɱּҵļ˲ֹһΣשߣ¥ͳһװɵӣõһж
Ǻǣӭҽڤڣһֱǰ·ͻȻתǰһȺѾĿɿڴˡ


ʮ ľ
ķУеİ趼߼ļ򵥣һЩճļҾƷ֮⣬һľľΣǽϹһƤľ
˿䲻ʮƽ׵ķȴվżλּҵȨߣϼ˺ȻС
еľһ꣬˿ѾϸĵİҪѾ˰ɫıԵڴߵּ峤죬ϼǰվڴߣϵıвͬźŭʣҡ
˿̿ڴߣһĻ˯֮˹֮ǰһԺи֣ʵĲʡ

Ĭãһֱδ쳤һаζȻܹᣬϵıʹӼһ֡
ⶼڤڤ֮ɰţⶼİŰһص˵
ԭּҵֻǼϼһʱŵģΪ۷ȭʦΪҪڤڲǶ£˭뾹Ȼ顣ид˽ٰ
ǲģ
һԵĴʵһǽϣд˲ʣӣϵıʹȻǱ˸һЩټСһֱּҵţҫг󣬵һεĴν
磬ҪˣѾΪʵôʹûʲôˣһԵĴϵļԣο
ҺǻһܹڤѾΪǼĿǰҲҶǼˣͻȻڽ
һһֱͷϵĻȻ̧ͷȻĵͷ
ٴ̾һҪ̫츳ǲڤҲһԽԪʦ˵ɵδضкô˵δزһ£
Ļ󣬴ϵɫ΢һ㣬ôԼʧ챾˴ԴϵӰҲСƺһ˲ࡣ
ֻҪܹε¼߳ô߼˵ָտɴֻоʧܵĴܹһǿܹȷε飬ôպɾͽĪô
΢΢̧ͷע죬һ˼ƺǶԷĻʲôҡ
ȻԵڤڣôÿԽ֮ǰ;õһ㣡˾һȻվ
Χļ˶֪峤˻Ǻ⣬ȫһɻĿŶԷҲ̧ͷע峤дɻ
Ǻǣʵ֮ǰҾˣֻµһֻδڣȻѾԵڤڣôҲðˣҾĿһ죬˵
ּҵļ֮λ㣡
·һȫЩ𾪵Ŀ峤û뵽Ȼ˵һϢ
峤ҲǱϢЩ֪룬֪˵Щʲô
ڰ֣ʾԷԼꡣ
֪Ƕ˵ϢЩ𾪣Ǿ˼ǵģǼϸ綼ˣڴЩʱδ̫ѶϣԣӦüһЩѪҺˣ峤ܹǼעµĻ
峤峤ǲЩ̫ϷˣϾֻжʮ꣡
ȻʮԸ֧ԼӳΪּ峤ģҲּҵһӣȻ֪֮ϵ
ЦŰڰ֣Сǲǻи缸ǼӦûô⣡
峤ΪβΪ峤ĺѡˣڤڣʵһһ¥ʱ˵Ǹãʵ
ЦЦұǸ˽⣬츳ǲƹԣʺһ˵УǺ͹Ͻһ壬ͬСڼĿгˣڼź˵ζΪ峤ŲСİһ߱ģԣԼῴģ
˻׼˵ʲôЦŰڰ֣ôˣҵ۹⣬ǼҲеţڤǼӭһƽȷչĻᣬǼҪץסεĻˣܷǼֵҫҪЩһˣЩϼһ͸˾Ļˣ
ͷûнĬ˰β̧ͷ˿Ѿһ㶫·ʲôһ㡣
峤֪ôˣ
ЦŵͷһѾʧܵӰ˳ܶʱ۶ÿһ˵һ˫нȥѹΪԺĪĺôȥôͻԶڴ۵ĴУԺ󼸺пԽ
ˣúϢǼ뿪ˣʲôʱǣЦŵͷһԵļ˰ڰ֣뿪䡣
ͻȻÿյķ䣬һ˳ĬղĻȻдŴգͻȻս˫֡
ĪҪǴʧ


ʮ ʦֺ
ڤڵĵһ˸磬ʵС涼û˯ţһֱĵҹ˯ȥССװֱû˯⣬ֻһſǿա
峿̫ϡɵ˯׼ʱѾ˳ˣСڴ˫۾һʣ˸˸ǷȻŷָոսݵ
ףôô磿ٴ۾С´ʼ·
ҡҡͷԼû˯òã
Ѿˮˣһ¸Ͻϴˢһ£Ҫȥ㳡Ͽģʼ̣Ȼ˳С潫á
ڤڵĵӶһ䣬СȻѡסһĻ˵£Ǵ˴νڤڵеˣֱǡһԡȻӦסһ䷿УҲεͬˡ
С򵥵ϴˢ˲żҴҵ㳡ȥѾļҪض򵥵һ飬ʲôط߶ʲôطɽأɵЩ˽⡣
ȵСϵ㳡ʱͼϡ
ʮ˵ע£С˻ߵȺվãСǲ˼Դ
һԵļڤڵһֻĿǰȺˣ˷ܵĹʡ
һڤڵ߳ǰɫ纮˪ɨһˡ
ǺģǵĴʦ磬ӽ쿪ʼǶҹճѧϰһ񣡡
˵ֻҪܹҵҪȥ죬ʱҷԸôһж˵Ͼͬһ£˵ΥҵôͲҪҲͬˣ
ˣ˵£ղųٵλһ£ͻȻƽ˵
ʱ㳡̺Ÿָȫе˵ϣͬ飬к棬ЦվȺһ࣬Ǵһ˿Ц⣬ּܹҵܵͷȻʮԸġ
Ǽ⣬ȻСһ߳Ⱥǰ
һͳٵѵ֪ӰɣǼҵĺ԰ԭǸ˵²ΪģΪǳԣҾǰɵҪɣԱߵʯʨÿ˱һȻ㳡ʮȦҪ˵ҵĳͷɵʦ֣ǷĻҪȦģǻûҲŸǷ˱׼
ΧļɵЦƽʱٵ˵ȷҪȦȴǱʯʨܣԣʦ׼ǰأ̳Ĺߣ˼˿˵Ͷһ˿ͬ顣
СͣЩ˼Ŀǰʯʨӣʯʨô˵Ҳһǧ㳡ҲǧףǱⶫ㳡ʮףⲻҪ𣿡
Цɣֱܲɽؼң
һСӣҡҡͷǳٵȣǽܳͷɣ˵Ҳûãܶһģ
СƿֱۣźģγٵһˣΪҲųٵģʵˣҪͷͷһɣҪҲܷ
Цһ벻㻹潲
ĵɫȻ˪ѵɣΪּۻ۵ĵط˵˶ýܳͷھͱȥĻǾֱɽɣڼ׵Ļг̻࣡
СɫһҪ֣ȴһԵһץסȻҡҡͷźĵͷǽܳͷ
˵űСһԵĹ㳡ȥܿ˱㱳Ͼ޴ʯʨӿʼŹ㳡ʼ
Цſ˼һۣȻ΢ɲȺеĺʹ˸ɫű㽫תƵȺУǳɣЩؿܲҾͽڤڵĹظǣʲô¸øɣʲô²øɣʲô¿ʲô²ǶӡԺУǶǼʲôţһͨɵӣҪأҪͷأôǾҪŬסǿλ磡
ֻҪΪǿߣôǻõȨͻ࣡лϰеĸ߽׹ҪȻֻǱ˺ȥֻҡβĹѣ˵Ļɨһ۹㳡ڻܵˡһ˿
죬Ϊʲôһ٣һģС汳һԼ廹ҪʯʨӣظĲ˱ǰ
ǳէûǲҪΪ˵ȷʵдȣԷʵҲԪʦڵĵȼΪܹù𣿡ƽ˵صһʯͷȻûκεı仯
򲻹Ҳô򣬲ȻΪ۸أСʮֲ˵
ĻֻܹɳͷǣҵʱĳͷԲֻܲôˣЦЦܿƽ˵İɣлģܲǶͣ
СЦЦܵٺ٣ԺҾ͸ˣ
ЦЦȻһһӵĺģһ˿
òҪ֪ڹǿģĻеҰҧһʹ裡


ʮ 
ɵûеֿÿʦѧ̵ĹƶȣԼ΢иͻֳܵͷı̬涨
ɰµʱ䣬ѸٵӦܵ˵ڤҪּҴ࣬ɾͲɽµһܹġ
ÿ֮⣬ʱ䶼Լڼûʲôûеʦÿָѧϰڤһƺӵϲеѧϰ
һ涨ǸθڣϾ֮ǰڼһ˿ޣͻȻʦѭ浸صָ㣬δػӦԣʺ
һЩ⣬˼ȫߣԭڼо֮ӵĸλʮܴ
СǷ߷߲ƽĺҪѸٽףȻɱķʡЩһѹˡ
µЩѾӦڤڵĽ࣬ûκκøеʦ֮⣬СȺ˷ܵȻʦǣÿһĳĳĳʦ㶼Ⱥ˵İá
Ȼ۵صȻǹϵĵһŮľǰµʱ䣬ľͱеʦֵΪƯʦ㣡ɼľеӰж
ûһɽȥǺСһ㳡ȥÿһ϶εĳ˼˷֮飬ΪģΪҾͿԽڤڹѡȡ
ʲôȹؼЩĺ˵Ӿ߱أܹɣصȻʯ˷ܣڶؼԼŹֵĵҩǵҪԭ
ڤҲжʱˣҽǽ빦ǼʶһʲôŽĹؼ
վڹ㳡ǰɨǰȺˣڵָһҪƪۣһΣĵƺʮֲǲݲݽ˼ҳŹȥ
ڤڵصأƽʱ˽Խ룬峤Ǵϵͬ⣬˲ſԽѡʺԼĹС
ȻʵȼɳӵĵزҲΪ󿪷֮ţȻЩĵܲÿһӶԽӴĵ
ǰƻֱֺıһȺ鲻Խķһ̾ϴһ
ֽűɵ㣬߲ɣеϵһɵдѵĵطӵϲҪһط
ܣֻ֪ʢŵؼ͹ѾϡŹֵ⣬ӵϣһĵӸûȨȥ
˸϶飬׼ͷӶת̸ϣǰȻڤɽߵĽ
һ뱦ĵһ㣬һˬһȺ˶鲻Խ¶Ⱥȵ¶ȼ֮
ﾭĴļ£ڹƷĴţǸǰڱһѵڤڵӵע⡣
٣ⲻǸսɵСʦ𣿡һȺֹͣȻΧһȺˡ
ǺǼȦҰÿ칩˹ͣðڳһЦʮҵӣСʮֲõ˵
СɣٱʦҪܳͷˣСѵ
ϴγͷ֮Լ̱ڹ㳡ϣС鲻ԽĴһæ첻
аģڶϴˣȺСȥѡؼһеЦźͺĴк
Ĺεİڰ֣ʲôϴϴģֲǲ֪Ⱥ˱Ҫʲô¶һĽ̵ַֺõҿܹˣҪԸǿԽһ£
˰ɣڿһҪУ˼Щ޹ؽҪ飬鰡ʺϣ
ĵʲôõģϸ½һ𣿿ļˣͻƿǻʲôòģ
תһȺ˾ȻԭأĲɫһʲô벻ѡؼˣϣ
Сڶŵģ¶Է˵һԵοЦһﻹһ
¥鲻Խķ˽Ųǰһ֣صĺģһȺҲС
ո¥ĽݣͿȵľͷһλϵͷһϱĿȷʵˣϵȫϣѾʵ䡣
˵ĺܾȫоԷϵ·Էһнľһ㡣
˿̺Ѿ֮ǰŰ裬ɰĻ߹ȥھ˻ľʱͻȻͣ£Ȼ󹧾
ϣӺģһǰȡؼ
˵֮󣬺ı㹧һֱȴ˵Ļظ
˺һڴΪѾ˯ŵʱһԴ˻ƵΧһ
µ˰
˵߻۾ǵ˫ۼûκεĹʡľһƣԼͳһԿףȻվشǰһľţɻϣر۾û˵κλ
ٴιĶʩȻŶһ֣ʾǸԼȥ
һȺ˶ԾķŲظź߽ǰķ䣬ھߵʱ򶼻鲻ԽĴһǰλˣҪʲô֮
ϧʼ˶û۾Ҳûнһ仰
ֵС˵ʱҲ֮ǰһߵſڣشһˣδκεأȻֽͶǰ䷿УſϹҵǸ󡱵ľ
ףϢǡ
ʱһֱδͻȻ۾ӶԷǵ۾пһһ


ʮ ؼ빦
˵ͻȻȻһͣȻ˲ͣתˡ
ǰ˶Ѿ߽˹ֻʣСЩٴλͷǰˡ
ôˣʶ
СһſʵղֻͷڵĲãû˵Ļ
ղŵĻ˼ǡ𹧾һʵ
ʵ˿ʮֽţղ˵Ǿ仰ƺǿ͸ԼܣԼϵֻѪħصĻȻ֪ΪһһΪʲôûѣǸղǸܵ˶ԷϢ
һŵĶǰˣ˴˿ͻȻһĸղŵήңһվ´дһ˿ɻ
ףԣѵҸоˣ
С涼ҽ˰վԭأ
Сһʲô֣ͻȻʵ
С𣡡Ȼʵʵ
ǲǴʲôЩ̫ȷʵ
ָ֪ĶǺƷ׵ʵ
˿ûһ˿֮⣬ٴλԼղŸӦˣϸĶһۣȻİڰ֡
ûˣȥɣ
ǣæˣһɻ󲻽С򷿼ȥ
ѵĸӦˣˣʼɹˡҡҡͷȻٴصϿʼ۾˯

ڣСһߺٵǰ׷ǰĲӣһߺ׷ǰ
𣬸ղʲô˵ЩĪĻʲô˼ѵʶ㣿
ΰ˰֣ҲˣԷ˵Լоˣ˵ôʶλһ֪ڤڵλ͵أĻһһɵĵ۸ĸһ
СͷΪȻӦ˰ĻղžȻǽԼ۸ĸһ
Сӣ㾹ȻңСһȻ۵׷ȥ
ûողŽˣԼղŵĽ
ڷŵȫȭʦؼԼĹؼие֣֮ȻҲУļ֣֮켶ߣƼͣ䷿аڷŵֻлƼڵʵûʸѧϰƼϵĹ
е˷ǰһǰڼеʱһ߼ؼͿΪ֮˭УؼȻǵ̯ϵƷһİķУҪǣڿԼʶĹˣ
ڹѾã뵽ϾͿԼʶĹ϶ٱ򶨣һԵС˱Ȼǿ
ˣ֪һȲˣҽҪøϸˣǳֲûؼôͲҪˣ
Ļеԣе˲ֹͣһȲĿźġ
ƺʮȨḶ́Ŀһ˵ʱΪһʱǿķؼһʱ֮ѡһʺĹȥסÿһֻһǱû͵õĻֱڤڣ𣿡
ˣһ˻ش쳣ɴ࣡
Ǹһ£ҵʵѾԪʦˣҿɲԴ߹վȺеĳͻȻڽ
һ仰˲˰УʱҼ͵Ƶļһˣڱһᣬ˲ٴμɽǰѾԪʦĹ̥
ƺʮֲˬһ㣬Ԫʦ˲ҲԪʦؼȻǿԴȥǲԴɣϲĻҲѡ񹦷ͬѡʲôֻһĻᣬȻǲܹǿԺ
ʮֹƻЦȻȭʦʵϰܲܳɹҪԼ컯ˣ
ģһһǹģ֪ȭʦûԪ޷ϰŹôЦǵģСٴ̲סֹ
ˣʼѡɣһʱ֮ѡãĻͿֻȥɣ
ʦ֣һ£ѡһؼԺûлٽѧϰͻȻ˳ʵ
ԣҪԪʦ֮һλᣬȻΪԪʦ֮ÿ弶һν빦ѡ񹦷ĻᣡúŬɣ
˵Ĳˣһһȥ
뿪˻һۣȻȻɢʼ
СǴһļѸٵɫؼʵһ̾ЩĿϾӡ
׼ѡһʲô͵ؼĻǷģҸղŷ־Ȼ޸ؼɹȻкôģСһһҳȻ̶ٴһһԻͻȻ˶ѻɽĲƱһ
ЦҡҡͷҲ׼ѡؼˣֱѡһȻȫߣ
˵Ҳ˶ԷĲ죬һԹԵһ԰ڷŹļȥ
ڷŹ˵ʵ٣󲿷ǴںʵƲסԼĺĲܹӵˣûжҪѡ񹦷
ĵûЩ˸е죬ǿһҲǶԹҪȶΪģ
˿˶רעеؼû˿һԵĺһؼ۾ȴתȥſڵĺġ
µĿ˿ܣȻڵĸԷȻһģȻбȻһߡ
ЦŵͷȻµĿеؼ
ĵһЩû뵽Ȼؼһأľء
ǰһ֪ʲôľᣬ鲻Խ
ƽ׹๦ʩչһֻ˳ϻʵ൱۷ȭʦͣ
ȭƽ׹๦ʩչʱһȭʯ޴󣡡
ˮģƽ׸๦ʩչʱԻƣ
һĿȥûдϸۿֻɨһ۹ǰĽܡ
ף
ڣĽŲͣ£۾ضǰһᡣ
ŭƽ׹๦ʩչʱ캳أ죡õʹЧӱ
һ־ҪȥþᣬͬʱӵĶҲһҲͬʱס˾ᣬͶԷͬʱһ㶣Ȼ㿴˶Էӣ



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ԩ·խ
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òײŴӺ׳һùλãԭΪһʧ˭뵽Ȼᷢ顣
˸ҺԼȻǲãοԷԼ϶ͷּ֮ˡ
ûлػǽסֵľᣬʵжԼľ
׵ɫ˲͵һȻһȭһԵĸֻڤڵһ˳ˣֵԼ֡
Ժ׵ֱӹûκεǽŲˣ˫վȣ͵һȭӳͶԷȭͷݺݵײһһȭͷ֣֮뵽С
˵ĶײȻ˷еľ˵ע⣬ҿеľϵı˲þ
һкϷˣ
ô£һԵĺæղһֱûйעߣûȵһת۵ʱ侹Ȼ˱ʡ
ֵأǶϷĵط
ȻĶһһ˵
ͷһеľᣬĦһ£̧ͷƽעŶԷȵõģ
ϵĺĶûн˭Կϵɱ
𣬽еľг˵ԼɫõĹ벻ȻСӸˡ
̧ͷûпԷϵŭһ㣬ʮɻʵΪΣ
ȭʦҪкãǹΪ֮ǹԺ׵ģȸһ
̧ͷηĶźģղ˵ȭʦҲѡ񹦷
һû뵽Ȼ뵽Լ˵ĻЩŭ˵ȭʦӦѧϰؼʵõģͻ֮󣬵ʱȻǿѧϰⲿȽ
׺ҲȭʦɣΪͿԻùҵˣѵ֮ʲôɸ˵ܣͻȻζĿһ۶ˡ
һ仰弯Уܿ˶תƵǰĶϣȻҴ˿̶ɵķؼȴ䣬ϸǰڷһһ
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ĲûһѪ벻һﾹȻǸͷȻҶײԼ
ȻˣҲҺҾþķʽⲿ˭ģһδĺͻȻڽ۾ضͬʱкһ
㻹治Ҫһ۷ȭʦȻ˼Ҫզ˵С˭С˭õⲿΣһԵСЩȥˣܵǰ
ߣҲҪ˵۸㣬籾ûоԵĹƽȻͬʱһôǾӦ֮õķʽĹӦɣȻĻҲûʸⲿˣ۷ȭʦʵȴҪֻΪں˽𣡡
̧ͷĶźףȻ֪һǹڼԼ֪˿ԼܹĻԼڤΪЦ
Ȼ֪ļͦͼģǣҴӦˣͻȻ̧ͷźƽ˵
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СЩŵĵѵһ΢㣬ǰС˵ӻ𣿶Է۷ȭʦ㲻ˣ
һЦȴһ˿ůΨһվԼߵҲ΢ֺԼͬˣ
İɣҼȻǴӦȻӦԵİ취
ȻӦ˶ԷҪ󣬴һ󶯵˶ҡҡͷȻǸӰ΢һͱó嶯ˣ
Ҳû뵽ԷȻĴӦԼҪһԵĺĶһۣһ˿ϲ⣬ײЦò˵ԼòȻˣǳȥҸΣصأǳ𣡡
ͷеľУȻ̧ͷŶԷ߰ɣ
Ƶı飬ŭߣСӣڵһᣬҾ֪³
ֿɿ˶ʱ˷СҪȥ
㲻ҪѡؼҵѾѡˣⱾˣЦеĹ
СҲϷһӻͳһ򣬡ٺ٣Ҳ˺öûҪٴķʱˣ
Ŀһ۴Եȣ˶ѡ֮һǼǣҿǰˣһԸսṦģҲ˵ʧˣôһãʲôûеõˣ
ЦģǸһң
νʼ磬õ˵ȷ㣡ң


ڰʮ ǿƶ
ڤɽ㳡
ԭյĹ㳡˿Ѿۼ˴Ƭĵӣ˸ոŵµ֮⣬һȺϵӡ
˵ֿԿЩƽ¿ļһһȫӿ˹
Χ£Ȼͺף˿˵ıͬ
ϵıһ˿Ϸʺ˷ܣܹĳϱһԼʵһԵõڤʦǵϿɣܹʦǶԼĿ࿴ĻǾ͸òˡ
뵽ﺫײЩƮƮȻɣԽԽã𰡣һҪлл㣬һսҺ֮ᱻڵÿһ֪ٺ٣ʱ˭Сң
뺫׵ƮƮȻЩͬı飬ЩƽЩΡ
ԭ𲢲˸ߵΪ˵飬˽½ͺˣ˭¥ʱ򣬾һ¥ѵĺľȻҪȶ齲˳һȫҺĸ˹
˿ЩԭڹѡؼĵҲĸ˳ı˵ʮڴġ
ٸһλᣬǵô˵ʧܵĻӴ˿ɾ޷ڤڻˣЦһ
ⲻһֱڴ𣿲ҿҪһ£ʧˣпԭΪʵСҲΪȻǡʧˣӴԺͳʵķ
㡭ɫһתȻּҲһ˻һ£ֻϧ㲻
Ҷ򲻹Ҫ˵ּҵˣǷƵı飬ɸöԷջ
һһûлػˣǵĶ죬ԼһĶ֣ԣһֱʩչɱУֱȡȥ
δţ͵һѪħХȻѪħȥʮ׵ľת˲
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ײδţ󼸸շѪħȻͻȻ֣㵽ıһ˿ɱ⣬һȭݺݵسĺԴȥ
飡
벻ķӦ׵ȭͷٴκݺݵѪħϣ˼ȴδˡ
ҵҪܹ㵽ʲôʱ򣬺ͻȻһȻȥ˵βϵڹ㳡ӣǣų¹עⳡÿһ˵ġ
ֱ˿̣ѾûٸΪֱڣײδöԷܵκε˺ȻϵʽƺƿһֱĴģǴҶܹܵĶδκεľš
𣡾ݺݵһԵСԭĵǵģǿӦûκεĳ֮󷴶ӵ˷ˣʼվһԴС
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ٴһȭеѪħѪħֶμ˵һԣ
ѵֻ֪һζĶ𣿡˵ôԼȻûղԼԲѵ˵Ҫѵڵô˵˳úһʱЩΣ
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һۺףɫƽûκεĲͻȻ˫ֿʼĴ߶ڵ
ɫһ૵ҪʩչؼǾɣ
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ģôһ£ֻŹעԽԽҵս˭ҲδͻȻߵһȺŮӣľźÿüͷųʵ
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ô죿ϽͣľЩε˵Ҳ̫һɣ
ǲʦ㣬㿴ĿЦһָһԵĳ룬ֱӴ˿˫Ѿȫı˽ɫĹһϵ֮
⡭ľŴЩ˼Ķųд˫У˿̾ľоһΣյϢ
Ȼ˰Եؼľ֪̾δﵽߣ˴˿ʩչıȻһؼô˰Եؼ
״˿ȻҲǿϷı仯ϴΣϢ׺ԥֹסΣȻȻĴ߶ϵ׼һС
ûиԷκδϢĻᣬ׼֮ԥĳźһȭӳ
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״˿ϾȻҲӿһĨ񣬴˿ǵԺûһеĹֻǰ֣
ǿ˭Цɣ𣡽һУڤӥצ


ڰʮһ ʤ
޴צӡӥһݺݵŹ㳡·Դȥ
֪˿˲ŻȻѹ˶ѡ˹ԭǵѾ˸͵ؼѡһؼҲδػ
֮ĽȭͬһֱǰļƺХȻӥצȭݺݵײһ
ֻеǰһһŹǽӴȻݺݵײһ𣬽ţ޴ı·ǺХһͻȻݺݵײÿһ˵ĶĤ
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ͻȻըһ޴ȻգΧ̾һǿݺݵسŹ㳡Χÿһ˵⡣
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ں޷֮£ͻȻػ׵ԷȥڿлȥԶȻصˤڵϡ
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ŴӵվֻزõǵѪĵǰ˼ͻȻЦ
Ǻǡ
𣬾бΣղǰҵ£°ܽ£Һ׵ģ
ֱ̽ӣǻڲϵѪɫ԰׵Ŀ£ӸղŵһӰҪӵһЩ
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飡
ͻȻһں׵Ȼ󺫰˻δӦں޷֮£һѪҺݺݵ˳㶵ĳȥ
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ȵȻ˲ŵ˵ϡ
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ȿȡͻȻ۾Щ˵С棬ټҡȥҿ¾Ҫˣ
С㶣ȻͻȻЦһļϣҾ֪Сһû£Ӱ׵һ
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ղŵսԼѾȫûˣȫˣڲƺ˼߹ǣǻƵܡ
Сİվ˼ȻһΧŵĹЦλϷɢˣذɣ
˵СĲ»뿪ʼնûȥڵϵĺס
ľһֻضһָоԽԽǿңȴʼղ֪ΪΣз·֮ǰʶľȴ֪ǲܵģԼСʱͱʦڤڣڤڵĵ֮ľûмκڤ֮ˡ
Ϊлôһֵĸоأźÿüͷ߽ʧԶȴ֪Լ˿̵ıΧкӵİ
ʦ㡭ʦ㣿һԵĺС
ţô£ľлعЩĿǰĺģ
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ŶԣϽѸҽΣҪҪľ˿̲һڹ㳡ĵأ
һȺæҵĳȥײӪȣ󲿷Сոսڤڲһ¾עҪ˼ס

ȵٴʱѾǵڶˣܵȫһʹ𲻽¶һ˿ЦǿԽս֢ȻԼܹܵ˵ģ
Ӧһ״˫ֲŴŴشڵĴһ
ٴοŴϢ˼ӣȻһǿʹưںƣ΢΢ۣظڵơ
һ飬ĵĺһĵ׵ĵʱԷˣ֮ǰոʱԼڲ˱ȽУһ߹ǣҺԼ̷һŵҩһãڳϵ˺֮⣬ָһʱϾûʲôˡ
𻺻ؼƣͻȻǷ´½һȻϲһ۾
Լڵôһôࣿ


ڰʮ ʶ
һµѾָ߰˰ˣȻʱǿȵѵЩ̫ӦѾϲӰ
ʮεǣϴεǴαԣڻԵĹУȻĪĽ׵۷ȭʦȻ֮ǰ֪ԼʱпܽףôҲû뵽Ȼǻ˯ʱ׵ģԼȴȫûκεĸо
˵εĽˮɣȫûκε谭ڵԪٴӿ
һ;ھǣѪڸȭʦĸתУ
ڳɹġڸΪ۷ȭʦܹܵԼڵĸٱǿˣȻ֪ǿɺ̶ֳȣȴ֪ϴıԵĻԼϺһȭеˡ
ڸԼȫȫǿԼƤһӲ˴ﵽڼȭʦ۷״̬ǹǷһһ磡
Լ蹬з·Сһĺޱ泩ڵЩ֮ǰľżȭʦһɼ۷ȭʦ;żȭʦͬնҲΪεĿΪǺ׶ֵԭ
ҪԼѧЩصġ׻һҪʤһףԼʩչе߱ǡĵƣϣ֪ݣԣɽͲδ㱩¶ԼǾʦݡ
ˣɽϣʱǰޣҹ˾ʱͽޣԪ
֪蹬еЩﵽ״̬ﱥʱʱԼͿԳȭʦľ硪ĸ
ֻҪԼܹɹᵤĸʱͿԳɹתΪߣΪһԪʦгߵ룬Ҫʵ룡ΪԼҲΪǣ
Ѫħ߳䣬СһصĲ֪ȥһһʼڿҪչ𣬽ڵ쿴ܹĽʳ֮ʮֲĲ֪ȥЩʲô˵Ĺ
ڤɽʯ·ϣϵоҪ鲻Խ˷䣬ûκεĶֱźɽȥ
ڤУеϲűϲѵ˴󲿷ʱ䶼սԣϲоؼȻȨķΧĶһЩⷽľ鼮
һģϲˣһ˴󲿷ֶϲһҸĵط
ǲϲ˴ţó˽̸ܶʱȫĵͶ뵽ȥˣ󲿷˶ҳǡգ
ھ㳡ʱԼһֱʮҪܿһˡľȻ֪ԷûϳԼǴĵеִ棬ʱͻȻϳԼȻʱԼᱻɽҰ׷ɱ
ƺˣľƺʮ־ϲĻָ֮Ѹ٣
ǺǣлʦģҵѾõĲˣĽǳμİһ
Ŷ벻㾹Ȼô׿ɾûôˣ˵ں׵ƻûлָһֱڴأľӴһ˿ֵĿ˵̫ˡ
ʦ㣬Ҳ֪ʱԷҲҪأҲĻڴϵľˣʱû˿ĺڣʵ
ľ죬֪жôջǰĹ͵ļǰæתߣɫѸٱͨ졣
ľһ㶣ܿԭ򣬲ЩЦãûв˼ƶһӣ˸һξ룬ԵΣȻŽҲ㣡ʱҲˣû˼ֻͬţʲôⲻԺúõ̸еģҪɱɱһףԺ׼ˣ
ߣ벻ʦ㾹Ȼܵϣһ̵ܽĵͷǣʦˣԺ󲻻ˣ
ľҪ˵̬ƣæʦ㣬Ժᰴ˵ȥģڻЩ£Ժʱģ
˵תƵˣ
ľЦõվԭأƵӰ˵ڵĻӲı˻ȥڤ˭ԼҸڶԼļ䣬Լǰһ£СһﵹãȻһҽܣ·ԼǺһ㡣
ǸֵļһľҡҡͷЦ˵ղȥķϵҶüͻȻ΢
ղȥǺɽɣȥǸʲô


ڰʮ ŭ
ɽһֱڤڱȽһΪ󲿷ֵɽ£ȫûоκ˹Ŀѣԭʼ״̬ƽʱ˹
֮ѡΪĵûκ˵ĴţʮʺԼ
ϲһȺһдƵʽܶʱһ˿ޣϲԼƣ״̬ѹեԼǱܵѵ״̬
һͻĴʯϣȶһµʱ䣬󲿷ʱˣû˵ʱһ¾ʱĲϷٿأԾĲٿѾһ¥֮ǰСˣԱ֤ͻȻһֻϴļӰǣԼԵɽնɱǾǿ֮
Щľʦʵﵽس̶ȣ²ԼĲԻġ
֮⣬ȡ׼̽ȡһ򵥣ʮɱһˣǧﲻУ
һ£һһľʦĻǺֱңԷͻᱻʬˣ
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½˵λã¾ʦ߶۷һĴڡ
һˣֻҪ΢㶯һָͽضɽҡѣ
ҡҡͷԺвʵʵ뷨ӳȥ˼ջصǰڵľָо𲢲ܹоúֲľᡣ
΢ʵĴУ˰֣Ȼֻһƽ׹ǶȴڱһĴڣϾ֮ǰƤëûм
ȻԼߣǹ۲һӦûʲôɣ
ĽȻ㻺شᣬԿһ鲻֪ʲôƤëɣһɹϢһ򿪣ӳȻ˵ǼС׭д塣
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ļ𲻽˾һһϲһǼ񵽱ˣ
ڼɨӣ𲻽ЩɻΪ˶˵ļ֮⣬Ტδκεܣһ飡
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ѵģ૵Ȼٴα۾̽Žһ˿̽С
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ŭƽ׹๦ʩչʱ죬ŭԹˣ
ϸԺеһϢԽԽ˷ܡ
ʺڵʹãͷʮֵ⡣
ľվһУ͵͵ع۲ĶҲ֪ԼΪηҪ͵͵ŹΪ棬ŷԭ͵͵һܵо
Ȼ򿪹ƺҵ̽;ľһһﲻҪȭʦ׶ξҪѧϰɣ
ѵû˸ֻнӵԪ֮ſйľСҲ˲ò̳˹ȥ
˿ϸĹ۲칦еҪ֪淢飬ֻоǰ˿ٵĳ˹ҶԷ죬ĿԾԼұʶԥһȭ
飡
ֻоȭͷһ棬ŴһŮӵ𰵽һãæ۾
֮ǰľ岻ϵţʯıԵ¡
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һæǰһһֻסȻ͵ǰһһקѾȥһѸק
˳һֻס§ססΣһּվɽϣͬʱһ㶲֪ν
ǴСһ˵ĽܽӴҶԷһŮϴĻ崥ԼŮеķҷζ𲻽Щͣ
˳ŶԷգĲһ·£ͣǰ͵ŷ͵ϣ߶ǰߵŹͣʱЩˣӦʱ򲻽һϽͷӶԷ
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ž
ݺݵһĴϣվȻɫߺһŭĿΪŭڴϢǰŹͲٴϽתƵԶ
ɫǣЩί


ڰʮ 
ɫǣ
ЦʲôʱԼմϱˣЩʹգʵЩί֪ղ˵ĳȷʵЩҲֻεҡҡͷ
ԡԲ𣬸ղûз㣡εĽ͵ϻʺָӡЩΡ
˿Ҳˣղŵ飬ĻԼֱˤȥˣٿϵӡЩԼղŵĳ嶯ˡ
ûûϵͷЩ̫˼˵Բ𣬸ղЩ嶯ˣ
νİڰ֣ôˣ
һ㶣Լǿһ߹źģȻǲܸԭֻ΢ЩŵĽ͵һߣǡÿŹģǲģҿƺҪѧϰȲѲųģ
ľͻȻоԼĽ©ٳҺûһЩľΡ
ʲô˼ѵʲô𣿡ʯЩɻʵ
Ȼû⣬ѽ㻹û˽ѧϰҪأؼĲ֮ͬؼҪȭʦѧϰҲ˵ڱԣͬĵֻΪߣӵԪܹ֮ϰֻøռΣ
ԭˣͷѹָղŰķʽȥ߶ȴһ㷴ӦҲûС
һ֮ҪĶһҪľ߶УȻܹõֻǣһдʽ
ֵˣҲ֪
ľЩȻ˵ÿһ˶оֻٵѣҴ߶ҪľᲢҪ٣˲ֻоʦܹĶģ㲻᲻֪ʦɣ
пЦԭԷ֪ʦһ˵Լɶһ
˽⣡ڨЦ⽲
ЩֵĿһܸоͻȻЩԹԵģǾȴн
˽껰ͻȻóĬ֪˵ЩʲôֻǰڴʯͷϵͷʵԴӸղŰһ̧֮ͷͷûˡ
кЦһԵλ͵͵شԼСһʦܣǶȿȥոպܹӣԼ΢ЩıʮֵĿ㣡

˳Ĭ֪˵ЩʲôʱԶһľͬʱתƵķ
һϮ£棬ΣӢټݣȷΪڤŮеİӣֻǶԷʼֻǰһ˶ѡ
ľ˿ǰҴʱ䣬պÿ׵Ĵǰȴһ˿ƤЦݣвһջ
ôһܵˣҵҶҲϲɫĴһ˿Ц⣬ǰ۾ȴڲɫĴ
ڤڵĵӣЩȷʵ
û뵽һ¼죬뵽ʱڹĹеʱԷİԵ裬ĿʱԼڶԷиʲôǣڶָͷܹԼҷͣҲǴʱʼϵ֮·
һʱ䣬һܹļһһųܵĿУߵ˽λã֮Уû֪ܵʹ࣬ǹ¶ģֻס˹¶˲ܹƼɵԾţǵС·һһӡʵǰš
ûнΪԷʶ죬æڣһ°ɣʦ֣λɸոŵСʦܣʦܣ
ָܵλڤڵʦ֣ͬʱҲŵĶӣ
Ȼľѣæһȭԭֻһֻδˣ벻ڼˣ
ûнԼʦֶǽʮֵ⣬Ǻܿ߾ͺݺݵؼϵӡϣɣǲɫ˵ǡ
æӹͷʦһɢľʱ˳˼⣡
Űɵĵ˵ͷ޵ĳϵӡȥͻȻЩɻʵǲ֮ǰ
Цҡҡͷ˵ЦˣһԴɽССĵӣôʶһϴˣ
𣿡üͷ룬벻󣬲Ųý뷨ʱ¡
ʦ㣬ȷʵ£ҾͲˣһ¾ˣЦŶ˴һкȻֱת뿪ˡ
ıӰüͷֹôܸо棿ǵļأ


ڰʮ Կ
ٴĺһ𻺻ؽε۾ոտʼʱ𼸺ÿһ춼ȹ
һʱ䣬ȻʱԼףÿÿǰ׸ԼĻͻ˶־
ж־ķ
ʱСʱǶξҲǶ˼˵ľõСС;ͶϧѹŷǵûдСӣҧأһһߵ˽档
иոս뵽ڤڵ˵һʮҪӣ˽֮㽫ӸһڲһŮʦĻȣȻԷδСĿ϶Ѿ㹻ɧļһÿɧϺһʱˣ
ɿˣ˼ǶԸոս뵽ڲһЩ˽һܽԵĿˣʱѧϰΣͬʱһûֵڲصѡ֡
Ǽϵĵص㲻ڤɽɽϵĹ㳡ɽһǰǲμӿ˵Ǳ߹㳡һʱڤɽϣЩٴվ߹㳡ʱһʱǹ̫Ļ䣬𲻽пǧ
ʱļٴ㷲µĵȺȴֻʣʮ˽뵽ڤڲΪڤڵӣٴվʱĵ׵ĸпҲֻе˲ܹᣡ
һʱ䣬ʱʮʮ˳ɹᵤĸɹɹߣΪһԪʦȻǵõɵĲٽʵֻҪÿһ˳ɹ缶׶ӦĹԽо϶ֺף
ڵʵȻ۷ȭʦܹоһʱڵѾۼһ͵״̬ƺʱҪӿ֪ԼпܾҪȭʦΪֹǸˣǾһȴ޴ӵ֪õʮΣֻĵȴ
СԻһЩһʱӾżȭʦɹ뵽۷ȭʦʵҪ츳Ϊֲոþżȭʦףһʱʹﵽ۷ȭʦĶˣֻһֻʮֵĵ͵ȻὫЩ顣
ȻϴεĴǣһڤڳҪһЩɼȿڤڻʮӵģ
ܸѾ뵽ڤһʱˣҺοĵ֪еĲ˶ѾɹĽߣΪеһԱʹҸӵţÿһ˵츳ʮֵĲھǿÿһгɹʱˣ
һεĿ˵صѡ˴ɽأǵǰյͼָʾĵصѰҳҪȡĿƷڼ䣬ɽĸħޱѵĵȼʯȻΪʹεĵȼӵһЩһᰲǵʦʱ;أܸЩʦǵĿ˾Ҫǵˣ
ȻҿԸһССĽ飬ҪӲƴЩҪΪʱԽ˵ԽǱֱƷĻȫʧȥαȨʦǽαĽһŶ˵ҩȻܹɹʦǵѲ飬ȡĿƷûĻô㽫εĽƷһν빦ѡȡһĻᣡ
ÿһ˶ǶԵȵģԣͿǴҵʵˣ
Ͻ껰͵һ֣ȻǰһɫĿڴÿһӵС
ҪѰȡƷĵص㣬Ȼÿһõ·ͼǲͬģЩ˽;жǽΪǵĹǣԿʼˣ
͵شһӣȻһȺ˺ԥһԽɭУʧˣ
ϱۻرĿĳһ̵оʱʱȻ۾ɣ
һԵȻվȻһ֣ЦһλԿʼˣ
£һȺͳһɫĵ뿪ɭзٵ׷ٶȥǴ˴εĿ겻ɭеЩ׺ݵҰޣǱԼСһʦǣԭĴжʱ
ЩСӰɭһ߹հ˹գרߵ᫿С·ܿǰĴ󲿶ӷ뿪ߵһȫĵطĵͣ
Ϊʲôﰡò·ϸдİɣ߸ҵطģСһɻʵòֻˡ
Ĺ۲һܣȻС͵εıǶ˲ƽģһЩϵӦǵ·ͼŷֱӶǵġɱȫ·ȥѰҵĻ¸˵طͱץסˣ
ô죿СЩŵʵʵһʱѾ꣬Ѿϰ¶⡣
·ͼóҿ
ͻȻ侲˵ӹӵ·ͼȻԼһԱȣϸĲ鿴һаһȻͼ·ȫһҪȥĵطҲһ
ͼȫһǰڵ·߻ϻǿһָ·ߵ·ߣ侲ķ
ǺãҾͲЩϵܹͷۣС͵һִȻ˵һĸо
ԷӦòô򵥾׷ǣϾɭеδ֪ʵ̫࣬ȻܹħޣôԷ˸ߵѰЩˣ˾޴ɭһʮֺƴḶ́˵ħ޵ĿԱҪһЩǴڰʽкô
侲ķһпܷȻƶܵļƻ˲뿪
ˣԻʽĻ


ڰʮ 
ò˵ķʮȷģȻ˲δ·ϵıʶ·ߣһ·ûκεĶ֣˽͵ȼħ֮㵽滮ĵ
֮СȴͻȻ硣
˵ӦһŶӣȻȥһĿĵؽĿƷȡ֮ȻѸٵĸһ򣬵ȴԼ뷨
Ҳܹÿһ¶Ҫȥɣ˶ɵӣˣһξһȥһ°ɣʧҲûκεԹԣСЦҡҡͷܾҪ˼ǰеĺ⡣
С棬žżȭʦһȥðյĻʵ̫Σˣ̷ԵǴɽأΧк߽ܶ׵ħޣǺӦģĻ˻ܹ˴иӦһȥðգʵ̫Σˣ
û뵽ƽʱֵӾȻЦҡҡͷͬһڽڤڵİɣܹңһأһأܹܲһӴı³ɳɣΪˣΪȻϲѪðգİɣһԼȥһʮСĵģ߽ħ޵Ļ򲻹ѵһ˵ʵǲܹһᷢźŵģѵΪɻûڰйע𣿡
ͷȻ֪С˵ĻȫǶԵģɲһʩûȻĻܸܲŵķе˽뵽⴦Σյ
뵽뷨ЩҡˣС棬֪һ˺ѶҡȻҾͲȰˣǣһҪעⰲȫʵǲ̳Ϊ˴Լֵã
İɣС»ѲҵģСЦļȻнӹԼ·ͼҡҡ
ٺ٣Ǻֵܴģ˭ȡƷ˳أһҪԷϴһµ·ƺǸоЩأС⿪Ц
ҲС涺һ֣ô˵ˣ
СٴһļȻԥתһԵĹľԣܿʧˡ
ֱСӰʧԶŵͷеģ·ͼ
֮ǰһĸ·Ѿ˽һ·̣Ȼûκһɵӣ⣬ԷЩ˿ܵԼǰ棬ΪСǹƿ·ͼϵλãȻԼ滮µ·ߡ
̧ͷһ۽ɫ·ͼȻ͵һԾԶķȥ
һϴ۾ȴھĹעΧĻڴɽߣҪĲԼʦǵ׷ЩȼߵħޣЩһǽ߶ЩƣӦҪ˵ȭʦˡ
ȻͣסƬҶͻȻ˳һص䣬֮Χûһ˿κεŻоеǸԽԽ
ڴ򶷣ʱȻ˵ԷҲһڤڵӣԶһȣͷЩŮȻֻЩԼһʦǣ
˿ǳֻܹ˵һ⣬ԷҲǽɽҪ׷ԼЩ˵ġ
뵽𲻽Ҫֱӿ뿪ǽŲոƶ˼Ȼֹʹķȥ
һôվ̽ͷתƵ£߸µǸʱ𲻽һͣô
ľ
û뵽˾ȻľҴ˿̶Էǲãֱʮֵ⣬һľ˿̵Ķ֣ǲһĨЦ
ݻħޣ࣬ͣƹ
Ժ𽣳ݻϽܣĵײһ˿ɬһѲļһԪʦһܹɱ
ڵʽݻˣľƸأΪλȥֺܹüȽصƣ˵˿̵ľȫƾһ־֧ţ
¶һ˿֮ɫҪҪȥæǴ˿ԼȥæĻܹܲɹȷпܾͰԼҲȥ
ԼôӲû˵ѪĳŲϵʱ·ľȻһӵڵأݻһԾľ˹ȥ
˰ڻߵ˵ϣ̾ϢһԼһҪˣԽԽĽݻӰ۾𽥱ģɾģ˲䣬ͻȻһɫӰһʯһݺݵشϷײڵϣԼǰ
ҳɢȻ㿴һĺɫӰسԼǰŶԷǰѿĺɫ޵Ҫ˵ʲôȴһڻ˹ȥ


ڰʮ һҹ1
ǰν׵ȻĸΣϢͻȻЩħްԼ֮ǰԿĽӰȫһͬĸ
ɨһȷûκΧȻһۣȻ۾ʱѾһĨ棬˫һᣬѪħԽͷϿա
һӣѪħ·һ֧һĳŷԽĽݻȥ
飡
ѪħеĽݻݺݵײһ𣬾ȻûдƶԷƤ⣬һ޴ײȻ󽣳ݻԻǺܿٴŭų
΢ʵû뵽һƤ⾹Ȼ˼Ӳһ㣬ѪħȻһӶ޷̴Ȼħ޲һħ޿Աġ
һݻĹԷƺղŵһʮַŭȻᵹڵϵͷѪڵģƺҪ˺顣
βϵĶŶԷĹͬʱ۾ȴڽݻϲϵɨţѰŶԷ㣬ڣһ۾ضڽݻĲ·ļ⴦һ˿ڻѪ
ҵˣ
۾һϲǸղľһŪãҵһ֮ͺðˡ
ͷһѪħǰûжڵȴһᣬݻľԽԽȵʮ׵ʱȻһȥ
Ѫħһ磬ʮ־׼Ĵ뽣ݻ˿УȻһ̵ףϷ̴¶˳
͵һԾȻٵĳڽݻԣһԾ˶ԷıϣδһӦȻŶԷĲӣȻ˫ץסѪħĵʹȫ͵һתתһ㣬ʮȵת
ֻһĹ죬Ȼ󽣳ݻԴӲĸ
˫ѪħվڵϴڵĴ˶ʱиеʯͷأͻȻеԼȻȫû
Ȼսʱ䲢ȴеԼٵΣյһսһпܽԼȥ
ûʱ࿼ǣһӾͼпܶһӵΣգվֱӣȻѪħرϣݻڣһͳһɫȭͷСħˡ
Ħеħˣϲ¶һ˿Ц⣬֮ƣҪײҪ
ħ˷ŻصĿڴȻϵĽݻʬ壬תڵϵߣһʱЩѡ
Щأ̴ĻΣˣطʲôûУ𲻽߷ߵ˵һΧĻЩΪѡ
ٴˣϾҪˣһھħ޵£ʮֵΣգҸطҹ˵ɣ
һѽץϣһ·Ȼٵ˴˴ŻܹɫδȫĺҵһѨ
һɽ£֮ǰĳһҰ޵ĶѨƺܾûжˣǽڵϣȻ򵥵ĴɨһɽڵĻִһЩҶڵϣһéݣȻŽ档
һУڣΪµΣգ𲢲ԶڶѨΧѰһЩ֦ѻڶѨȡãһУſ¼ñȽϴ׳ɣȻڶѨſڣҰޡ
ڶѨʱҹɫѾ׵ĺпʼϵֳһÿǣڶѨ͸ڵ֦϶еǿգ𲻽ЩСİΣҲ֪˿ˣ
뵽һԵվߵ¶£ǴϵƿóһŵҩȻιĿУĵһһƿлʣһŵҩ𲻽Цڻ˰
ٴΪһƣеĵǸҪĻҪأϣϣǰϺüˣǱǰ˿ڣƤⷭǽݻצӹεģ˿ʮУǲʱĻ»ºصİ̺ۡ
Ĳһͷ¶ȣ𲻽ͷһ
¶ôôߣ
СȻվ˺һ鲼ϣȻܳȥһܻմˮĲĲĶͷ
˿ҲҪˣȻĻᷢŧģС־Ҫּʱȴд˻
ΪͻȻ֣ϵļ˿ڼȫڱȽελá
ǰȣ֡
ǰðȴʲôҲҶҪҪ˿ھͱ·ȫ⿪ǣĻƱػῴ಻ÿĵطŮܲ׵ĵǶģ˵ô󣬳Լף𼸺ٺŮ˵˵ˡ
֣ٴ˻ɫͨ죬˺飬ɱпѵҪʹˡ
ӡ
ͻȻеһʹ룡岻ϲһϸܵĺˮϵıʮܣüͷ壬ɼ˿źеʹࡣ
һпһ˿ΣݺݵԼһ⡣
ģⶼʲôʱ㻹˼Щ߰飬Ҫɣ
˵¶ȻһҧֳǰŦۻȥ


ڰʮ һҹ2
΢ЩĽȥоȫŵӲˣָס¿ۣȻɫЩ̫Ȼһһŵ½⿪
ԴٻĶ𽥵Ľ⿪һƬԴľɫͻȻҰС
˰۵ļѩһ˵̲ס»ָ⵽˿۵ʱһƬ˵ҰУڲŸով˵һذը̲סݺݵһҺ
۾ǿԼȻ󻺻ؽıɴȹ£˿̵ȫѩ˵Խתơ
һûж࿴̽ڵϣȻǿſһ۵ĳ嶯˫ŶԷĸ첲ּӴĸоһԳҺʱĹסˣ۾建תȥʹԷԼ
˿Ÿһ۾һ˿̵ϰһ㱡ıɴǰķ羰֮⣬ȫС
˿ڣһۣ˿ָ̣ԼĵȻѾѪĵ˺۳һòŮϻǿȥЩĿġ
ƣϸĴһ˿ڣȻ˿ɨһЩҩ걳ϵ˿ڣǰǰϵ˺ۣǿ˿ȴٴͣеĶ
Ҫǰϵ˿ھͱļΪҪǰϵ˿صģԼңһֻǰػǰ
һ˿ڵľͷŮǰĨæƿҪҪȫԷ˿ڣͱ뽫ϵȥĻ˾ͳ׵ĳˡ
˵ʵľĴ̫࣬Ĺе¼ʹоıЩ˼棬ԼٱϳļʣԼƺûжԹ
ǷβܵĻԱ֤ľһһۼʹǻ˯ȻƯ˾޵ľ̾Ϣһ
ʦ㣬ⶼΪ˾㣬е£
˵֮ϵһѽԷǰһ㱡ɴ⿪ŵһԣǰĨΰȻųԵøӵεΪ׳ۣǿǣԼΣȥǰ޾ɫٵİԷ˿ڣȻҩһеʱĿżܹԷǰǵĳһԳ
ģСȻ͵һҧ⣬ĵʹԼ˿˿ѪҺʱ͵һ飬Ȼ˹
ֱ˿ŷ֣ԼɫȻ̵ˣ·һ㣬ûЩθϽԷ˿ڣȻŴӵץ˿ɴĸϡ
ӡ
Ử˿ʱ򣬻еһ鲻ԽĴһ
ȻԵֻͷЦⲻҷ𣿡
ϽæҵĸԷãȻѸٵĴһ¶ԷļС˿ڣһеʱѾ죬һĿѵҪˡ
ĲõϵĺˮȹѾ˺ü󶴣Ѿܴˣ룬𽫴ԼϵĳȻԷϣһУæ˺뿪⴦˵Ķĵ
òĸʢһЩһڶԶҹգһ۶˯еԺвղŵ޾
ȫʶ̧ղ˫֣ȻڱǼš
㣡
ʶѿڶ֮ųȻ
ž
ݺݵظԼһƣĵ׺ݺݵرԼһ
ҡҡͷԺ߰뷨˦ȥһ˯еȻٴμ˼ľϣѨſڣã뵽״̬
һΣļ˽һʱȫƽ⼸ļ¼Ϊ֮ǰʱȫƽľֹˮ
ǣȴ˽һʱȫĽ뵽״̬ɼջˮ仰еġ
蹬ӿ̲֮סҪôͻȻ֮ôࣿ
оԽԽȶƺʱзƣ֪ԼϾҪȭʦˣ
ĸתУ
򵥵֣ȴȭʦһ⡣
һǰ뽣ݻʱˣȻսǽЧ;
ȻˣǾһߣ
ĵ׺ƵĺЦһȻʼƽĵ׵ļԺпʼظĸĲ裬Ϊĳ׼
ʱ֮׼׵˿Ȼûһ˿ľţʧ룬ƽ
СҾǼû˻˭ܶʱҶڱԵҲһͻȻʧҲע⵽ǣͻȻܹôҾҪеӹң̹ҵ˿ڿ˼ҪӵǸּСӣÿһ˶ҪøߣߵøԶ
۾ͻȻĺһЩпȫһɨա
ߣɣ


ڰʮ ĸת
蹬ԭͼ䲻ȶ£ʼԽԽӿ·ʱҪ蹬һ㡣
ƽĺУȻͶһССʯӣʱòӿ嫵һĵƺ̵ķˮһ㣬ʱ
һǰڵ׼Ѿʣµľǿʼ׼ΣҲؼһ
𣡡
ĵŭһԭĴͻȻȫ𣬾һžӨ͸Һһ蹬вϵı任Ÿָ״
һ֮ûмǰȴѡ˼ȹ̡
蹬еžӨҲʼ𽥷仯ž޴Χƺ𽥳һϸ΢ıĤޣʱƣ㱡ĤԽԽԣ۾ܹϳһ͸ıĤŵذڡ
Ȼʮֱһ㱡Ĥ۱Ĥڲεӿȴʼ޷ͻƳƺǱ㱡ĤεССĿռС
ʱĲƣ㱡ĤҲʼ𽥱ȹɫ͸ʼ𽥱ýƣƺڲϵļӹǿ
ʱ䲻֪˶ãɫʱѾȫɢŽѾСֻһȭͷЦѾڲӿ˿̵ĹⲿѾȫıһżӲ⻬Ӳǡ
ɮ붨һ㻺غһİڹȥΣյһ򡪡ĸ
ĸ˼ǽ蹬еŹȫγڵĸĸΪΪȻ֮ΪԪĸһתá
ؼ䲻֪ж˱Ĳ⣬ֻȴһ޷뵽ߵ硣
үү죬ԼĴ϶һˣ˺еʹࡣ
һɰٴһˣ
һͺԭ蹬ȶĹͻȻҵĲƺʱҪըһ㣬Ҳʮֲȶϲϵкˮ䣬˵ƺ˾ҵĲ
ǣ
ͻȻһϸ΢Ȼ걾ѾȹסĹͻȻһ˿ѺۣȻѺ۵ĳֳ֣̽˼ϸ΢ѺۣԭƼ̵ǾȻڴ˿̱˴

ĵװòٴδ߶ȫľȥᵤĸٴ룬Ѿǧٿ׵Ĺƺֹͣ˼Ѻۣ˫ﵽһƽ⡣
𲻸һ˿ĵģŬάĿǰƽ⡣
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뵽ǵģӰϵǰѹŵԺȻһ˵Ӱ
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ΧԼϣסѩ׵ļٴȻŷڶѨſڵǵӰ
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⡭Ҫˣ
ױҪԵİУΧܹ˴ţǰ򻹻º֢Σ
֪Լﲻæ͵͵شһԼѨԼȻԼ˿ڡ
Լϵļ˿ڶڱȽ޵ĵطԼոͷ·ϣɫ̺˵ʮΡ
ԷȻԼ˿ڣǾֻ˵ÿĵطˣÿĵطҲˣ
뵽ҪץĸоԼǲʮĴŮδйˣھͱ˿ӣֱҪѹ
뵽𿴱Լӣ뵽ԷԼʱҪĿҧҪ֪ԷΪ˾ԼھҪǧС
ʲôһ㣬ͻȻɫŹֵ͵͵һ𣬼󣬲ĵϵסԼ壬ڵ˽ȥ
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ͻȻһͳһУæת𣬴˿̶Է۾Լ
ոᵤĸɹ۾һۿǰľɫλһ㶣ʱһæһת˹ȥ
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æҵĽϵĹӼԼϣɫͨ죬֮ǰԼεȻܿˣʱԼʲô֪ڿԼѵ±ٴοԼ塣
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Ǹҿת𣿡̽ʵĵȴڲϵĴģղԼֲСĿ˲ÿĵط
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Ĭ˰죬˵ƺǵԼǵͷ
𻺻ת˿ѾĹӸϣȻԵЩʴ󣬵Ǹܹ͹Գˣ߱һջ
ε߹վǰЩ̫˼ԴǸû°ɣ
Ҵ˿ڣͷʵκεϲŭ֡
ǵģûбҪͷ˶Է⡣
˫ַŵأȻվַԼǰİõ˿ڣһ̧ͷӡ
˽Ķӣ˺ԶЩΣԵЩˣûнתƹȥ
Ķӣ𷴶Щˣ˽ĽӴܹᵽŮζƣԼʴ¹ӳ£͹µˣǶԷźһĽ׺СɵųվڲݵϣֻеһŻڲϵڡ
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ͷȻܹԷ˼˭һкӿԼҲķӦɡ
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һֱͷͻȻڽ˵㲻ᷢһһȳһյŶȥ
Щʹգ𻺻תȥӱ󿴣Էĸӵĳջ
Ҫȥģ׷ڽںõ֦ŲȻ߳
ˣ޷ȻҪɣƽ˵˿ƽЩ
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İɣֻб˴ϵĹߣ뿪Ȼҷźţ̾ͻ˽ҽߣ
ͷ֪˿һֻͽΣȻԷİȫб֤ôԼʱ뿪һѵѡ
Ȼˣ뿪ˣʦһҪźţһ˲ҪǿЩĵ˵
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Цҡҡͷ֪ԼڴҲͽΣ˶һȭת·ͼϵķȥ
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һٴγĬ˰ΣصдԼѾõȹзһƷڣָϸľܶ˵ӣȻʱһ߲ʵ̻գʹǺԶľҲܹı仯
һУŻڵϣһ˿ڶѨſ㶵ķ
վԶԼո뿪ķȻһ߲̻ͣηһȻŹϵתɿĳǰ
ΪټϺʦ죬ʱ䶼ѾҪˣ˶ѾʼˣԼڱӿٶˣȻĻǵҲΪʱ̫ñȡʸ
֪Сˣû˳ȡö߷ɿļٸ·˼顣

Сʮ˷ܣΪû뵽һξȻ˵ˣֱԼõƷûκһֻħ޺Ա׷١
ĺ˲ûг೤ʱ䣬õƷظϵʱڰ·С˶֡
üͷһǰС棬䳬࣬û뵽Ȼʲô
СȻʶǰλڤ˿ȻǲὫеĶ۾ĵĴΧĻ׼ܡ
û뵽ȻˣһǰæˣСЦŹά
ߣ㻹е֪֮гɣȻҲ㣬ǻȥУһģʱЩ⣬ȻƮƮ˵
С뻳Ȼ󻺻ͳһɫĿڴЩĿһۿڴȻžٵǰЦ˵̫ϧˣȻǰУĸԸ
˵С͵һӣɫڴվĵطϿշȥ
һȻ͵һԾһץסڴغϲ𿪣ɫʱ
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Сոܵ׿⣬ĻԥȱܣǻδܳʮףͻȻǰһӰȻ£һеĵӣԼȥ·
ԥתһȥͻȻһӰӣȻһŽС߷˳ȥڵϹȥԶͣ
˫֣ƮƮ˵ץ
СӵѵģһӽһСС
еɫħˣЦŵһ£벻Ȼһħˣεƺֻϧң
ߣҲǸβصʱˣ˵Ȼ͵һ֣һȺһȥ


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ɭЩƵӰּң˽̸Сƺʲô顣
԰һЩǽĿһܣȻ˵
ǲģԭʶλСһѵû뵽ôͶûҵ
Ըһ꿴һգȻų˵еǣҪҪ¶Լ
Цһ磬ͷİɣֻǺҵǼ֪˸û֪ߣû뵽ּҵṊ̀ˣȻֳһëͷСӣֱģ
˵ףΪԼԸԿסԷȻܹ뵽ڤڣôһĹ֮
Ǹ磬СӴˣƺʮֲԼһ仰˵
סҲʵһ֣ѵңǶԷʵĻôڱжᱻԷˣһ²ܹ´
硭ƺʮֲԼٴ顣
ֱӴ˺׵ĻԹԵĽסֻȭͷӲӵ˾Եʵӵ˻ȨǺ֮ԶΪηҵԭ򣬵ǣûҴкĻĶҲһվⲿֻԼ㽲Ȩ
磬ˣ׵ͷ˵
İɣȻּҵˣһùģһͻȻһ˿ı飬Ǻܿһ
磬һֱ˵ڴǼλԱǵڶûҵǲʲôĻͻȻ¶һʮָȤڴʵ
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ּҵһλ˵ҲǸŻţ˵ԺּҵλʧٵֳɲһɹᵤĸɹȻ˳Ľߣʱͬһڣǣֱһ˳ĽһԪʦʱ츳һߵģõϵϲ
ʱǺҺҾѾּĦˣǲûҽڰʹӰˣʱĳһͻȻӵеţ˵ȫҵˣʲôҲ֪
ֱڤɽҵһҵңԭǵĿּոս뵽ڤڵˣ˵ĽǣһķչѾ̵ܹĽˣ˳ɳȥµʱɽӹּңǺҾֻбķˣԣܳʱۣȴʼûҳκɣΪ˶Ķ֣
ʱŮǺջˮʱеһŮӣԷҲǼʮֳɫһŮӣ˫ƺ˴˼䶼Լ˼ֹ֮˽ͨģʱһ˭ҲδԤϵ鷢ˡ
磡浽ô˰㵹ǽһżʵ
潲ͻȻס죬Ȼܿ˿ȷûκ˺С½
һϴ磬ǵ˼ȻͶŮʩˣñ跢֣˫ƺǷִ߳ŭȻûסֽˣñҺҵǸ˾֣ʱȫס˲֪Ǻã
ǽôģһ˷ܵСʵ
ʵǸһϣԥǰһˣȻ˵ģ֪λ㱨Ůй֮±֣边ȻɥĲҪɱǡñոո·ϣֲŽƷǹΪɱУѣ˲ŽУʱۺĿһǶˣȻ͵˵ͷ뿪ˣ뿪ʱ˵һ䣬Ƕ˸ɵĲ
齲ﺫѾľЩʵλŮأ
ĿһԼܵܣƽ˵鱻浽֮Ϊά棬һЩ޹ؽҪΪбҪ𣿡
ɫһҲ֪õİ취ΪֻжԷˣ˲ǰȫġ
ҲΪּ֪СӴκϢԭҲֱڣǼ廹Ϊ軹ڤѧأͻȻЦ
¶һ˿ֻЦݸɫȴȻһΪղΧͻȻһ֦ȶϵ
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뺫һۣȻ˼ĬԷɢ׼йȥ
ৣ
ͻȻһɫȻȻݺݵسź׵Դײȥ
Сģ
һȻһһӶں׵ǰһȭкɫ壬䵯˻ȥ
һɫӰһȻ֣ȻӴĺɫ壬Ӱͣס¶Ρ
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Щ˼ĵ۾ƺЩš
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һԵĺʵгŭʵϸղź˵Ľ̸Ѿȫˣȼŭԭ
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˵ͬʱһԵĺʹһɫȻ
ȷɱģңҵСӣôѵ㻹׼𣿡Ķһ˿ɱ⡣
ٺ٣𰡣治Ӧó˵ǲҶ֪öãǣ㾹ȻܳˣĻΪǻ뿪𣿡
ûнеɱ⣬ѹһԼδеǰȴκϢ·ڤڸûһһǽ˺ҵˣԶ֪顣
үүϼһԺı飬ǿԼڤУ⽫һĪҫͬҲּδϣǣ֪ϢĻǽһֺ־޴Ĵ
𲻸󣬴˿̣ͻȻӿһɱ˵ĳ嶯ԺҺĺڴ˿̴ﵽ۷壬δ˿Ҫɱˡ
ٺ٣һǿˣҲǽɱˣȻᵽħ޳ˣ˵⽫ǶôһƻһĽԭһ룬ҵѵû뵽ԼȻܹˣ
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ףҪϻϽɱ䣡һȥĻʱ򲻹ԼҲܵǣɲԸ⿴ģˣΪһССĵʵ㲻ʲô
İɸ磬һڻûнףҿǰǰͽԪʦˣЦЦȻת
һ׬˱ˣһΣҪ˫׷ʶһʲôԪʦʵ
˵꣬һȻֱȥҪȫ֪֮䲻Խĺ蹵
û뵽Ȼ㲻վԭעźףԷγʱ͵سһȭӳ
ȻѡԼӲӲ׵һ˿ϲ⣬һﻹǲ֪
һ
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˵ȭͷڿкݺݵضײһ𣬾޴ʱ쳹ΧһӴʱ򣬺׵ɫͱˣź˾ܵһɾ޴ȻʮһĿһϣ𣬽ǺסΡ
һβ֪ף϶˾֮ɫ
Ԫʦ㡭ҲԪʦˣ
׵Ůһʧ̬ĺϢʵ̫ˣҪ֪տʼ˽ڤڵʱԼ۷ȭʦʱһżȭʦǵȵԼò׽Ԫʦ󣬶ԷȻҲŲߵС
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˵һ벻ʱԼƴ׷ȡԭֲּţ
ĶˣɱԽԽأû֮ǰǼ飬Ҳ׼ɱгԹȻǲԷһ˴ڡ
ף˵һԶҪܵСӽȻ˵
ո£ȻȥԪʦʵȻǺ׿Աģˣ𲢲ҿ󣬶ֱ˺˺Ĺ
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һȭգ޴ֱӽղվλõһôϣ
ЩĿһֳƻ֪ڵƴĻԼǺĶ֣ԣϵĽѪħرȻѸٵĿʼ׼ʩչؼ
Ķ׵һӦ磬Сһ㣬һҪʩչһʮؼ
׵ĺ治ýһ㣬˿˫Ѿʼϵ֮·ʱᷢըһ㣬Ҵ˿˫ϵľ޴Ÿ޷ֱӣǿҵĹۿһ۾Ͳϵᡣ
̧ͷһۺ棬ûκεı飬˫ѾȫɱģԷҪɱԼҲҪɱ˶ԷΪǰ
׻
һͺȣ޴ȭӡһƾճ֣ȻݺݵسźȥʩչʽͻȻһԭʧȵٴγֵʱѾʮ֮һ
䣡
޴ıըȻղźվλΧľȻͬʱΪ˷棬ûκĴڡ
ǿʽ˵Ȼʼ׼ԼɱС
һδУԥתٴһȭźȥҪɱ
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涢ٴԼȭӡһûѡܣĶǰȭͷһ
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ͻȻֵɫצһȭͷʩչɫȭӡݺݵײһ𣬿ƺһ˲̣Ǻܿʹһ޴ĺ
䣡


ھʮ ٿس
޴ıը쳹ɭ֣ŨҵȻ𣬷·һ޴̻һ㽫Ƭȫֽȥ
վΧʮ׵ĵط˲ʧΪ˻ҽԭΧĲ˿Ҳʧɼ˵Ĵ˴ζж޴
죬ȴû˵һ仰ͻȻ֣ԼһУԼܹļʲ
ԭΪԼ׺ɾܹԸû뵽ȻٴߵԼǰ棬뷨һðú׵ĵһ־壬뷨ɣȷȷʵʵڣں£·ԼŬ޷˦һһϴεıԲҰܣѾ֪ʼϵĿֻš
һ΢紵ҳɢ¶еˣ˿ͺȫվԭأĶŶԷղŵıըȻûκεӰ졣
벻ƾһԪʦʵȻҴһƽ֣˵۾ضƺҪǰԼСü꿴͸һ㡣
𻺻ؽִУȴɼղŵĹǳ˲СĿģ
ܹƾһؼͺҵĹһƽ֣ܹܺ׵Ҳȫƾ涢˵ƺǸսԪʦðɣڵԪûȫȹ̣˵ϰˣǼսȥҿɲΪܹƾؼսʤһԪʦ
ûнԷ˵ĶԣԼոսԪʦûκεĹǼȥԼҲֻܹԽԽ
ѵҪ¶𣿡ײǵıԷҲǱűɱ֮ģǲȫĻĿ¾ˣ
𲻴𻰣ΪԼղŵĻãϲȻȻһٳǰһȭԴȥ
𣬺ڱűɱ֮ģһײԼܣųȥôȲ˵սթͲԼš
һԷĹȻżһȵ棬˵һԣνƳצ״ԥĳԴץȥ
˵һþ󣬺צһȭҽ룬ȴȻںһȭӳ沢ţеצֱӺɨȻһֽһ㳹׸ϣȭͷȥ
飡飡
˵ȭͷһͬʱжԷؿڣ峯ȥݺݵײѾظϣ׽ײϣ׳ɵҷԵϡ
˳ȥڿлȥԶſͣסһ˿Ѫ
滺վȻĶͻȻٺЦôˣƺ𽥵½ѵ׼ֿҵĹ
ûнǻƽ˫֣ΧĻƺʱ
üЩĿƺЩ㲻Ҫʲô
һﵽҪʲôҲһСֹ
ǲñ˻شΪ͸˺׶˴𰸡
˫쿪ΧҶͻȻʼϵزϵ֦ѾϵҶΧĹľԣ·Ƿڵˮһ㣬ԽԽҡ
ǡЩֵһЩɲ׵׷ʲô顣
𣿿ΪʲôһûУ
ѵһжù
δȺ˼ףȵ˵
ԭϵҶͻȻȫԶ䣬ȻڿУԭïʢľ·һ˲ͻȻȫ˹ͺͺɣƵҶȫڿУ·һذһź档
뺫ŴͣĿ𱳺Ѫħŵ类һֻεֲһ
⡭ôܣ׼Ȼ˲˴˴İ
ŴЩ˼ĿǰľɫǰҶ·ѩһԵȫУѪħһһ롣
Ҷûл񣬽ضеѪħĳһ̺۾ȻһͻȻʲôһ㣬˫ĿһɣͻȻҲû֮ǰĳơ
㡭Ǿʦ
ˣû
һ¶һ˿ЦݣȻҪ򣬽ݺݵˬһΰɣ
˵˫һӣеҶҲ·յǣһѸٵĽĳһͻȻ̵ĺˮһѸ͵ĳźȥ
治ԪʦٳͶԵо鶼ʮֵϵ֮ǰľ֮ܿ˫־Ҷûоʧ룡

䣡
ͻȻ׵ĺǰĵ·Ǳиһһǽڽ˺档
ۣۣۣ
ԭƽʱҶ˿ȴһݺݵز˺ǰݣеȫû룬ɼ֮
һգ۵ʱ䣬ǰѾĲҶ·Ǳҧǧٿ׵ĸ
һӣеҶͻȻһת䣬Ȼתı׼ͻϮǺȴȻһ˫ֳ·һʮʹ顣
ķ죡
źŭһŭ𣬳ԭԼǰһǽڣȻٴӲǽڣ˫һգǽڻվۼһγһķܱտռ䡣
ۣۣ
ҶһݺݵزЩǽϣȻһǲһʱ䣬ԭϵҶѾȫϵһ⬣
еĶδͣȻ˫һƣеѪħһٵײϵ
飡
һƵԭѾòͻȻ¶һ޴Ȼ󲻶죬ܱյĴѣ׵ıˡ
ۣ
ֳһѪҺգʮصơûκεԥһתѪħٻصУȻѪħɱһ㳯źӶȥ
һԵĺ׿Լ羹Ȼʧˣٿɱһı飬һӦǳְæתԶȥ


ھʮ ̬
ۣ
ݺݵײϣǱ״̬ûκ֮ǰƣղһ˾޴˺
ŴӵҪվζʧܸգѾƽлѪħв£澹ȻٴѸվȻʼȫԪ׼סһ
ҾͲšһһԪʦ׼첻ɣ˵ǣ۾ǿжڲϵѪƺʮصơ
צ
˿һκƺҲ׼һȫԪǰĹԽԽȻֻ޴İɫצڹ˸һεľצߴҪһδһֹ
ûʹκεʽǼ򵥵˫סѪħȻ޴Ѫħ·һһںͫвϵķŴ
צƣ
ȷ˹һֻ޴ĹצҪ˵߻Ҫ󣬺Хųײȥ
ûжѪħ죬˿̣·Ǿؼףˮ죬ԿȻ
һ䣬

״ûǱϵûȥᣬϱΧĹľҲûпȥϵѪ˿̵ĺֻһͷǾܣܣ
֪ΪҪܣ˵ʵȺ棬ԼҪͣǺ׾ǺԥĵһʱѡˣǷ·һĿ־壬Ƕη塣
ǰɭֵĳڣǰһ·ǿϣµٶȲٴμӿ졣
ԶӰ׷·ٴοϣֻҪԼ˳ܳȥȻͿԽɭз˳ĸˣȻԼҪǼ飬ͳɱ֣ʱ򼸺ҪԼ֣ͽɡ
뵽׵ϳٴθһĨЦݣ𣬾ôһֻҪҽͱȥʱ㲻·һ
ܵɭֳڣվڳڴͳڤڵӣ̲סſ׼ĺȣֻϧδĻڣͻȻһӰȻݺݵײ˺׵ϡ
ۣ
˷·һ֧ߵķһƮ˳ȥȻڹ㳡˾ȵעصĵڹ㳡УȻ˻ȥԶһξ룬ײһԵһʯֹͣ
ٴ͵³һѪҺ׵϶Ѫ쳣ĿֲЩֵ֣ΧעԼڤڵ졣
ȡ
ô£һԵЩŭĺոŲŴɭб̧죬˭뾹Ȼ˸ҴԼĺ£ⲻ
ˣһڤڵæܹ㱨
ʲô׵ǰѪʱüͷ
ôŪã߽ħˣ
׵Ȼһ˿ʣȻǿ
ɱˣɱ˺棡Ҫɱҡ
׵˻ƣһһڹ㳡ÿһ˵ĶС
𣿡üͷȻһ壬Ȼĺһģ
ͻȻЩֵתͷȻЩָָɭֵڴź׵ָ˵ȫеɭֵڴ
ڴҵע£һ΢ЩӰԶ߳ÿһߵ쳣ļᶨƺδΧ㳡˵עӣһһ쳣ߵ㳡ԵȻ̧ͷӡ
ٴοԼ΢ЩõԼ߲Ѫĵٴһ˿η壬վ䡣
м仰Ҫ˽ܶ㽲
Щ׶Է仰ʲô˼Ǻƺûи˼ʱ䣬ֱӿǰʹյԷĶߣýܹС˵
֪ˣ
򵥵һ仰ȴɫѸٵԭƽ˿ȴޱֲ
˵ģ
Ծ棡æġ
ô֪ģͻȻüʵòֻͺ֪ɡ
ͻȻΪɱҵʦֺ棡

һʯǧˣ
ԭһϷĵǴ˿ȫһĶźףȻٴνתҪ֪׷ʲô顣
ɵ֮以ɱɴɣǷ־Իᱻģ
첢ںɱ˭˿ԺֻһϢǾ֪˵ԭȥֽһ
ʦϵƺһģһԵһڤڵ˵
ɫһ㶣ٴοһ𣬹Ȼ˿ֻһӣԭĳӲδϣٴϴǼʴкɫʱһ˿ɱ⡣
ôĵӾȻɱͬʦ֣½ɵĴͻȻһȻض𣬷·Ҫŵ
벻ڤһɾȻһﲻݵ˵
ּҵɱģͻȻͱ˵Ľʵ


ھʮ ɽ
㳡Уϰ˵ڤڵûһ˽˵ȫ˸ո߳ڤµϣ浽Ƿʲô飡
ʳѾ׵ĺڤھˣʵϵ֪֮ͳҪɱ˵ŭ
ԼгڴۼǴδΪּ֪һһϣһڤڣɽΧмݵڤӣһֺεҫҲֻЩĳŻ˵ס
˭뵽Ǹּгӵڼǰ˺ˣһʮֱɵֶκģ˾ԼǰܹĵʲôҲûз
ҾԸʲôҲûзҲὫ͸¶죬ˣΣ춼ŹԼ
鲻ĶԲԣǸһǲ㣡һͱץС˺۵ĳЩŵץסĸ첲ʵ
С棬£˵ɾ䲻ܹǣ
ɱģΪƽ˵̹ĳ顣
㡭ΪʲôСЩȵĿƺЩΪƽʱֹദͻȻ·Ǳһһ
ɱͬʦֵܣڤڵĹأô
˵꣬ȻһԾȻͻȻӣٶȺ滹Ҫһ˿
СͻȻһһᾢС˳ȥȻԥһȭų
飡
һӴ㱻˳ȥûκα仯վԭؽض
ǰõǵѪȻѪħγǲ˽ˣȻѾ׵ľѣ˫ѾûбҪʵ
Сӣ֪̫ûкôԭһСʲôΪ·ϣ
ɫĽϲϵһŮһİ˱һʰûӲϹѡԼȥ𽥵ĸжɼĸġ
Цһû뵽ԷȻһ飡ɨһȫƺûзټһһҹǲ¶һ˿޵ΣգҲԺĺܾ֮ⶼΪԼĻɣ
ǵЦ⣬ɫһ·Ѿʲôһ
Сӣ
ȻһȭȻŭڵĳȥһĶɱģ
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䣡
ȭͷʩչɫȭӡݺݵײһһȭӡһȭͷһȭǺݺݵػڶԷؿڣػ鲻Խ˼
ͣסŲϵ֮⣬ƺûˡ
ЩЦֱЦ˲ŵͷض𣬡СӣòĹܹܲң
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ΧڤڵڷӦ˴һȻѸǰΧͬʱվǰİΣ
ȫ£ͻȻһѵΪӮ£
Լĺ⾹Ȼӣ˲ЩΣǿٵ˺˽վһԹۿڲ顣
һǵѪ쿴һָϵѪͻȻЦ
벻㾹ȻӣûϴĻҲԪʦ˰ɣһССһԪʦȻܹһ弶ԪʦˣȻ˲𣡲
ͽˣ
ȻһȻ˫ֳһ٣оȻʼһ޴ս޴սԼңǸҪҪһ
˫ž޴ĸսԵʮֵСӳ£治йâȻӳճĺķУ
ҵҪ׼ҽһУͻȻ˫죬еľ޸Ҳڲϵĳϣ·Ҫһ㡣
һŭɽӣƣ


ھʮ ͻ
޴ظʯһظ֮µԵ˵С·ʱһ֮ʧ
󲻶ˣͬʱ˫Ѫħ۾ضеظĳһһŤѪħȻڿзһ˸Ż𻨵Ļȣݺݵеĺɫ޸ײһ
еѪħȻ󣬵ǱеǱɫľ޸˵ȴСЩ
Ѫħȴ⣬ͦأ۾ضſеĺɫ޸һɺͻȻƽ
СһѹֵķΧУܾ˵İȴֻһ˹¶ܣЩȴͬԣ·һδĺϵظһøת䣡
ʱľҪͬ˸ӵĳأҲڻָ츳֮ûеΣʱȴ򣬲ΪӪߵ˽һ
ǵ죬ǰѾűľʱĵ׵ǹɺͻȻŷ
ѹ־õļȻŷ˿ڽеĸ£ûκεصֻǰ޴ظӣ
˿̺죬Ѫħ·ҪƬضҪ̴
飡
ڣеѪħݺݵеĺɫ޸ײһֻоһۻҰе·Ƿɶ˻һײȥ
ûеľ죬ͻȻ׹䣬ڼصʱȻһȻתһ㵽һԡ
ͷһԼǰϵѾ˺ѣһ˺©˳ϵѪҺ뼸ֱɥˡ
ղһζʱӦѸ٣˶ᱻֱضϣԼҪ⿿Կǲܵ顣
ЦһƺڶĲеЦ
ΪƾڵʵܹԿˣҪˣȷЩ츳ֻϧã
˵ٴ˫һ䣬еĺɫ޸ȻγɣȻХųԴײȥ
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Сɫʹ࣬ĳһ̲סȺгȻȥ
Ҫ
˶Ϊˣɱͬʦ֣УǿӶ޸ʱĵ׵ĵһ뷨ǣˣ
ǾʱͻͻȻһӰӰһ֣Ȼ˻ûв׷ʲôʱվ˸ովǰ
飡
ںɫľ޸ǰ˵ԵС޸ݺݵײվǰ֮˵ؿڣƣ˵ͬʱ𾪵Ļй㳡˵񾭡
ʦ㣡
ȷӦվԼǰԼ·ʦ㣬г𾪣ôҲ뵽Ȼʦһ
ػعͷɫ͸һĨ̬Ѫɫǻһ˿Ѫ˶죬û˵һ仰ȴ׵ĿʼڵѪ
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ǿʹǰһѽס˶˵ϡ
ϵıʲͬʱ𾪵Ļй㳡ڹעⳡսÿһˣǲԭһľʦ㣬ǺʱͻȻǰģ
ΪҪһУĵ׶¶һ˿ɻ
һԵСոյߣȴû뵽˵ٶȾȻԼҪ죬ڵϵˣСĬ˺˼
컹Źƣ۾ȴû֮ǰɣضųеڵϵǸŮƺЩš
ǲĶ˶ƺоԼȹһجΣ
ΪʲôΪʲô㣿


ھʮ ɱ
Ϊʲô㣿Ϊʲô
ͻȻĴг˷ŭ״̬ĿͳԹ
֪ˣһʲôԲԣһʲôԲԣ
ͻȻƵôĳһ̵ٴοʱ۾ͻȻѪɫ·һֻҪѪҰޣ̶Թ
ȫûԷ˼רעĵͷעŻеŮг˱飬û뵽Լʱ򣬾ȻԼһ
ΪʲôҪôɵЩ۵˵
۾˲۾ЩĿһû˵ֻǰĶ
˷·һ㻥ţƤ˶񳹵׵ĺԭһ˿۵ʱΪгŭ
ȻԹŮ˲֪ܵ飬ǽҾһµɣ
Żе¶һ˿΢Ц۾˯һܿͺã
Ȼգգ۾ı۾ȻǴѪȻβŮġ
Ľŵϣ𻺻վ̧ͷԶӡ
ȻԸ򣬽ҷ㵽ף
ͻȻһ̧ԶѪħ·ܵǣһصǰȴԴϷ
⡭
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ȻҲǶͻȻıЩȣδʣȻض
һǡʦһֱվ׼ϷĺЩżĺĲ²⺰˳
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һʯǧˣ
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ʦһصĴڣڴɽĵطʦͷ·ֻеְҵһ㣬Ȼ󲿷˶˵˵Ĵڣȴ˼ʹСʱԹΪʦȫʧˣʹǼţȻ޷̤Ǹż
ΪҪΪʦ˵츳޹أҪ㱾ľж٣ҲΪʦֱΪһְҵʦֱ˵ĳ
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ΪڤڵȻ֪ھʦĽܣֻû뵽Լ޷̤ǸȻ˵Ľˡ
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ͻȻ˫־ٹͷеľ޸ٴγ֣һĶɢϢ
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޸ʯϵײʱʯ飬ȻһƬƬʯĭѩһ㳡ԭľ޸ʯ𽥵ļ
֧еľ޸ϲкˮ䣬ڣĳһһѪ˳ȥеľ޸ǱʯûȻǱ˳ȥ
·һĶ죬еɱһ
Ŵʯг˿ЩǱĻҳǴѪͷҲȫɢڿУϵǶѣ˵Ǳ
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⡭Ȼ׼ʩչһУ
Щڤڵϵӿı֮ڲˣƺѾҪʩչʽһ㡣
ע죬ƺûΪԷĶκεľ壬һУͻȻԶѪħղ뱳ȻҲʼٵĽӡ
ƺ׼ɱУ˵϶¶˾дһ˿ڴ顣
ĳһ̣Ļ˫ۣгų죡ͫӰ
ҵҪ˭Ц󣡡


ھʮ ݱ¶
˫ۣ˵Ҳ˵ע·ɿķ仯˫ֿʼϵͱ֣Ȼϵ·ֱӳ飬˾һ͵һ㲻ϵѸʹ
̶̵һ˲䣬ξȻͻȻʹ˽˿ѾȫĳԽļޣ·һߴľһͷ·
ҵģܹҵľ֮£Ҳˣ
㳡죬Ѿȫԭ·ͻȻ֮תΪһˡ
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̧ͷĶǰ죬ȻͻȻı仯е棬ǲδжľ壬ΪԼһžԵš
ɣһжʤ
һٴȻ˫ֳȭݺݵײһ籬ըһȭͷײ쳹㳡
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һڹ㳡벻ӣ棬ȭͷشһصڵϣܿԭúõĹ㳡ҵĿӿݣԭվڹ㳡ԵۿĵȫԶеֱӵɽ۲ʽ
αٶ½˲٣׷һʱоԼƺܹ׷ͻȻͣȻ˫ȭȻ棬ա
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ͻȻΪģĹ⽣һ㳯ȥ
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˻һеѪħڿʼƶٶԽԽ죬ȫѪħӳʱͷϷͻȻһ֮쳹㳡
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ͷ­ڶɨһĽ꣬ͻȻͣХɽХһĵһĨ֡
ŻһŭͻȻһ糤ǹһ𺣣еĽ꾡Ȼͭһ۾ɨһ۵ϵ죬ͻȻβһڣХųȥ
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ϣ
ǽƳУ˫ֲϵزţһѪָϻ䣬첲ϴʹĵŭ˿βסϵ𾪡
һﵽʲôˣ


ھʮ 
ΧĳɢȥҲڿԿվڴ˿̵죬ѾٴλָƽСֻ֮֮ǰֱҪǱжǱ
ȻƺǽĹ£ƺûȫжȥֿ
ϵѣϸǶˣвϵѪӸղ˲塣
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ڤڵӣ
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ϣȷɵĵӣȥոսһԱּһɱԼʦֺ棡ɱ
һԵĺ׿ϳһ˿ϲ⣬ֻҪϳһڽ˰ɡ
תһۺף˼δ˵ʲôͷһ𣬡˵ʵ
ƺûд˵ͷȷɱ

վԶΧ۵ĵһƬȻԭΪɱֻһᣬҲǺһ֣ϾʵҪɱһԼʵߵԪʦǿߣ⼸ǲܵ顣
˭Ҳû뵽ȻĵͷԼɱ˺飬뵽ղʩչʽҲȻȷɱԪʦʵңʼմƺòԻˣıʵ
ΪҪɱѵ㲻֪ͬɱ𣿡üʵԵ޹ʵɱˡ
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˴ϵĻ֮𷴶ڲȫĻָţղһŭ֮ʩչˡ߱ڲһ˿ԪûУȫǿһ־֧š
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֪Ͽɻǵüǰڤڵĵ裿
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裿üͷϸԼļ˼˵Ϣȴһûһ˿ӡ󣬴ֻýתƵ˹㳡һԵĸԼһļλϡ
ǻδȼλϻػͻȻһɻ
裿ǼǰǸǿŮӱɱǸ裿һڤڵϵЩɻĳʴ
裿Ժпʼֳò
Ҽǵ˵Ǻˣȷɵ꣬ĵϷʶû뵽⺢Ȼ֮£ǿϧһúӣ
ϽипҡҡͷƺΪеź
ϵıӺΣҪϷˣΪеźĻӦ֪ΪΣѵΪһڤڵѵǾû뵽浽ûһλȴûһܹĴ˽ּӵܣǼ¸뺫ݺģ
ⷬʱڹ㳡һϾһЩɵϵ˵裬ǵӡʮ̵ġ
ƾ辪޵츳ѾȺͬһͬŴУҪɹעȻصģ˵պܹ뵽ɵĺĲ㣬Ϊϣ˭Ҳû뵽ͻ䷢ɾȻͻȻΪǿԼʦãǡþֹƴֻʹɱ֡
ٴ飬˵вһʺţѵ赱Σ
û㳡˵ۣͦأضŴϣûһ˿η壬ǣ죬һ仰һ쳹ÿһ˵Ķߡ
Ǽ·ֻһˣ


һ
仰һذըһڹٳը죬˶ڵ۷׷ףһԵļλ϶һۣͷСĽ̸˼䡣
üͷϵɨһΧ㳡еˣϵɫʮѿоеķΧԣԾıͣȴضŹ㳡룬Ҫ鵽ʲôԭ
֤ݣϳ˵û֤ݵĻɾͬҲڤڵ
˵ڤڣǣɼѾ޳ڤˡ
֤ݣ׶˵㲻֤ݣǲŵĻף죬Ӧö֪ɣԽгҶţͻȻĺϳŭ⡣
üͷһΧ˭Ǻף
һСĵĿһΧȻһȳһյĴȺ߳ϣӺף
˵ĿʵĶźףϵı鲻ŭ
ɨһֻۣо̹ǣ·ڴǰûκεܿԣԼһαװƺڴǰ͸ġ
󡭡ϡͻȻһ˿ϸܵĺ飬ΡΡĻ̌ͷһ۴ϣͻȻһҧ˵˵ѣ
飡
ͻȻһ֣˱˳ȥݺײһԵʯϣٴ³һѪ˰ȴһ仰Ҳ
ϲȥԷתƵϣƺûоԼղкβԣʵڤڣ֮⣬ϾһȨ˸ǰ˵ѡ
¾ΣɣҲùܵİɣӦøųϣȻδ
¶һ˿ģǣΪǻֵ𣿿ĵĻԵ¾Ͳᱻѹˣ
ϵɫ׵ǵȨ
ȨкȨԣѡ˽ףӣûڤͷڶЩڼ뵽ڤˣηĶŵ

ɫļҪˮͻȻһ֣һƥγɵĵӰȥ
Ѫħ˫ֻӳѪħݺݵؿ˳Լɹľϡ
飡
Ѫħ뾢γɵ䵶ײһ˫ŵزϵ󻬶ϱһ֡
һǹ㳡Ե͵һ棬ڵض𣬶ľݺݵײһԵļɽϣھ޴ʯγһĹ֡
һʯγɵĹ֣Ƥû뵽ԷһγɵľȻ˴
ڤڵĴϣ
뵽ǲÿɬһѾҪƴܹǿʤڴϳ֣Χмλϻ񣬿ԼҪɥ˵ˣ
Ӳ׷ˣʵֵдûз֣СʱȴδͿԿԽ澳УԽܹӳ츳
ߣȻǴɳϣ㿪ʼɱ֣ҲϵվһԣĶŴϣȴʱ־裬׼ʱ
Сӣ֪ڤڵݲûΪ仰ϵɫ׵ĺôδ˸ôҲ˺εɱ⡣
˫ֻ̧Ȼ޷Զ㳡ͻȻ˿磬ϵʯĭҷɶʱ˵߶ܵ谭
Ŭվȣ۾ͬʱҲʱעΧΡ
ĳһ̣ϵͻȻԭʧһԥܣһ˲䣬ϵѾڴ˴
ӦǽƾĻɻһٴδԭʧٶȿľˣû˿ӳʱ䣬岻ڹ㳡κεͣϵš
ĳһ̵˫ŸոأȻһ󾯾еһϯû˿ڵȭתӳ
׻
飡
ĹƺûжĴ㣬˫־ȻȻĹƣһȭȥ
ɿʩչĽɫȭݺݵײһ𣬵еıըû𣬴ϵƾȻֱӴɫƣȻһȭؿڡ
飡
һѪ³Ȼ屻ײ˳ȥڵ֮廹гȥԶȻڹ㳡ıԵͣ£ٴ³һѪ
Ŭ𲻹ڲʹƣ˫ȭȻӳȻǰһĿУٴȻ֣˵ȭͷݺݵײһٴα˳ȥ
һûܹϵĹɽХ籩һ˷ʤʵͲһȼλϣεĿڶԷпϷһЦ
Զϵ𣬴ЦһһԾȥ
ڵϣ˼ΣȴʧܶգоԴķ¶һ˿Ц
㶪ˣһڽˣ
ĶͻȻԶʱ׵Ļж־ķҲϣΪǣңסж־Զξ죡һֱССļ岢յ㣬ֻɵһСС㣬ӣҪסԶֻʱģȵߵ㹻߶ȵʱͻ֣ᷢԭЩ鶼ֻǹƣ
ǰһģ·ͻȻԼףԼصǼЩõСݣȻվԺӵſڣԶϵĻӶ˫֡
ͻȻ˻һҲһкܶû꣬ҪȥҪȥ
вϵźʱԭˤڵر˦ɵһԵѪħͻȻһԽԽһ쳹֮
𡭡


һһ 
ͻȻں޷֮¼Уʵ͵ŵѪʹʵһҲҪԪԼ壬ɼһж
ȻҲǷһѾղסƣĳȥҲΪϲ׵壬ڼʱͻȻһ·һľ޴βͺ׵ĳ֣Ȼһڣݺݵײϵؿϡ
飡
ϵֱӱɿ˳ȥԷڿмȻһȻƣƮȻأŲ˼סΡ
ϣϣһԵļλͻȻɫֻŵĺ
İ˰֣ʾԼ£˲עʱ򽫺еѪҺǿѹȥ
˼ްͬʱתƵһԵĿУ˿ȻһȻ޴ĳ̶ȼռ㳡һ
βߣ㣬нǷ¹צӥƮݣצ
ǰڿ岻ϵζȻĵһĨη֮ġһԶŵĲɣ֮
⡭ϵһû֮УЩԾ૵
Ҳɲȣһֵʱնɱٻһ֪ǽһʽҲģһβһ˽ĴǰȻƬ룬ǣצͭһС۾
ܹԷʱ۸ĸԼصĴ
⡭Ȼһ
㳡ûȫǰľȵĽ췢Ѿ׵ĵ߸ƽʱ˼룬˾֮࣬ĵײһĨɣ𵽵Ǻݣжٵƻûʩչ
ÿܵʱܻ׳һƣȻתΣΪһҲΪϳɵʱ򣬾Ȼһεͻһε伸˾Ĳš
ΧĹ㳡ɨһۣԼһڵ࣬תƵԼϣɽ緢һ·ըһڿ
Сһּ˰
ԭΪһα۾һ۶ԷغһѾ뷨ڴȼһ˿
ˣһĻҪֱӸʬˣһƨɶٵϣڵĴŴѾӽѣ̶ֳȵսȷʺμӡ
Ǻǣܹ붷ǿս̶ֳȣѾʮֲˣ˵֪ΪܹоʱƺЦ
뵽һһ˵Цһ齻̸˲еЩȷȷʵʵķԼǰ
ǿߣŴЩ˼ĺ
ԼĿǰλýӴʵĿҲԪʦ뵽ղԼսǸͷһλǿߣ͸еһɬ
ౣһǿ߶ѣưŵãİɣ˭Ҳ㣡ƺֳĳԾеʮֵĲм˲ŭԭȥһȴֳ˵һԵǼ⣬֪ν̸
죬ӵĻһ鴤ʲôнһǿ߶ѣ˼⶷ǿ߻۵ġ
⡭ǡǸһ˱ǰ޴һﾪ̾𾪵ʱһԵͻȻŴͣȵʧ
죬עڤڣҪɶϿЩʧӲһȵ
ǵģϡһǡǡϴڹĹһ꣬Ǿ֡
ϴڹĹһﾹȻĹݻ٣ҪᣬҪõĻ˶ڹĹУҲΪ²϶צӡ̡
ͻȻʲôһ㣬ϵɫͻȻһ仯ɫŹֵĽʵɻתƵϣĳһͽȻһͣʲôһŴͣ۾ضָָȴһ仰
㡭ϴǸСӣ
类źһ˻ƴ̶˶ΪλͻȻɫ䣬ҿϵƺ֮ǰʶ⵽ô£
˶е·ԽԽˣһոս뵽ɵΪλɳϵ˿ֻţ
ϵĻϵƤ˶ǿһϵĻȻֽתƵǰϡ
˭뵽ϴεжʧܾȻȫΪھвꡣ
ǵûȥĹĹеıأ˼ȫ˹ĹУºһֱȥ˭룬¼ʼٸ߾ȻԶˡ
ϴھвŶ̶̲ʱȻֱһԾΪԪʦ츳
üͷһ壬һ뷨ͻȻڴԺи֣ĪǣĹеıرõˣ
üͷźۼΪԼͽȻð뷨еһ󼤶ֻҪץסСӣôһ׷ʳص³
벻ϴεжȻǻУɫ


һ һ
Ȼϴ˶ڴ˵ĻЩĪĵĳϻһЩݣ˵ٴοʱɫͱþ
Ȼϴεƻģϴεʱ㲢ûκεڽǲʱ㾹ȻһɳڵԪʦ밮ĹеıӦǱȥ˰ɣ
ý˲Ķϵı鿴ϲŭ֡
δ𻰣ǾȫĻָڵԪ֪пҪеľһսˣԼҪʲô
һ뵽õĶпܶżİϵϾһ˿˷ܣײ㣬һЩ߽׵ĹԼصĵҩ֮⣬ܹȻЩаĹŵر
뵽ϼпܾʹһĶϵƤ鲻ԽĶ˶ڲغԼϼĶ
ӣԲ뿪ڤɽ
𻺻شӵվȻηĶŴϣûϣΪһύ𣿡
ɫһȻԸ⽻Ǿɣ
һӣԭʧڿнΣӰͻȻҪץȥ
һ˶βһڣϵײһ˫֣֮˼סΡ
ٺ٣Ҫ֣ɵͬͬ⣬ϴξɵ˰ɣ֮ңҸոɱ䣬ҲǸôˣ
ϻͷһڤڵڳϣסһǼСӸץססҪץģ
λϻһ۵ͷȻһ˹ȥ
Цһ˶ͷ­вϵҡڣٺ٣ͷƾһ֮ҵĻЩѣҪһ԰ɣ
˵ͻȻһХ쳹أ徹ȻٴȻ˽һﵽ˽ʮɣ㳡ȫռˣվֻеǰѹѹһƬϲϵһŴ׳صζ˲
·裬צһһž޴ĻȻȻ赲ס˼λϵΡ
Ȼľ޴󣬵ƶٶҪȴϵٶȻҪһ˿δ˷Ӧһ֧ȼŻľצѾӻ
飡飡飡
λͬʱ߷˳ȥʵϲļλֱӱһ߷ɺݺݵײ˹㳡ĵϡ
ڴǱ޴ԴεǣסϾ
Ļһһ㲻ϵȼһУ𺣰Χ֮еļλϸоԼ·Ҫƾһ㣬ȫƤƺҪȼˡ
Уȴˮϵ˻ζţ˸ŰΧ롣
飡
һλϾȫһȭͷݺݵڻϵƤϵƬϣȴ·һһλϵȴ˳ȥ
죬ǼסһȥץɽȥͻȻŭ˫һӣһž޴ĹȻҫȻٴμ뵽սС
ϵǱĳгϵѾյãǱһվڹ㳡Եڹ۲ս³ɺһ𱬷ͻȻһȻȥ
ԼϣͻȻһ֣ѪħӵӻסѪħԸаûеȵԼǰֱסѪħӭȥ
飡
еѪħϵȭͷڿײһӡ
С֣û뵽㾹ȻеӸڤڣҿ㲻еģҪڤ͵ʦѧյİɣ
һϴûǿһʧ´ұ֤ʧܣ
ΪԪʦ޵ˣҾ֪ʲôŽʵЦҵҪ㻹ܣ
ɫƽЩǵȵӮ֮˵ɣ
׻
ͻȻһȭȻϵԴݺݵȥһп˵ޱɼԶԷҲǱ˱ɱ֮ģ
У
飡
˫һᣬһ޵Բηкݺݵбе޴ȭӡײһȻ󷢳һ޴ıը
վһഭŴһϵеսѾƣߣԼһٴζһǿߣҪʤǲܵġ
սپȻĻԼֻԽԽվһ뵽
ϻֽǰɢٴοʱǳһĨЦ
ܹΣҾͲֹܹʹã㾫ƣߵʱҵҪܹαĴ


һ 
Ļ棬ǵصĸ߽׹ɫĹڤɽµĹ㳡ʱַǷǴ˿û˶ЩȤǽضеս񾪾壬һ˿
ÿһ֮˵ּضɽҡվؼ丩սѪڵսÿһ֮
㳡ΧΧ۵ĵӲͬǣ˿̵Ƶ˼£ԼǱ׷Ŵ򣬲еһǣס˴󲿷ֵĳϣȻĻڹһϣ¾ֻ־ܵķˡ
һôѲ
ĵװǿߣǲþĻм֮Ǵ˿𼸺ѾƣߣҪ˵þٿˡ
ڵͷ·һֱɥ֮Ȯһ㲻ϵı׷Ŵ򣡳˶֮ǲϵӽķϵĹ
СӣҵҪܹ㵽ʲôʱȥ
Ŀ֮£ԼȻ׷һëͷСӣϵϸоʮ޹⣬ٴһ׼ʩչС
У
ϵͻȻһѩɫķԲϵתһǰӵһ
ܰɣҿ㻹Ҫ㵽ʲôطȥ
վԭͻȻһ֣вתķͻȻٵĳȥڿлһ˿ɼεж
һ㵽һĺ棬ȻٴӴһ֦ͷķн
ۣ
иһ㣬һ˻ܹľȻֱϣп羵棬𾪺û뵽оȻ˷ԼϵĻ̱ʬ
ৣৣ
вӣ֦һ㲻ϵıϵڵϡ
վԭЦߣܰɣҿ㻹ֶܼã˵һٴλӳȥһ޴ķС
˫һϲϵĳһͻȻһշһԾڿһķкݺݵиڲиһ޴ĿӶ
ķн˫ѪħݺݵسŷлȥѪħڿײһ𱸵䵽Զ
ۣ
ͻȻ³һѪղŵĹˣڿм׹䡣
ЦһʧԭأٴγֵʱѾǰ־ҪץĲֻҪԼץסĲԷֻ־ܣ
ϵּ壬ͻȻȫһĥȻƾΣյĸй٣ϸоζԥһȥϧһ
ۣ
һ޴βͻȻݺݵĴϵؿڣһֱӽķ˳ȥֱӷɳ㳡ɭС
Ӵƶֱ䵽޴ϣȻһ䵽޴ԴϣվڻԴϣȻȻԵʮС
СһðɣͻȻʵ
ʱˣ
ҧ˵ƿȡһҩֱУڻĸ࣬³һ
ܺãѡеĴˣͻȻ쳤ХȥԶԶɽеħͻȻڵأɪɪǸо˵궼ڲʹƽʱڴɽĶħޣһ֮Ҳŵڵأҳ
ⲻΪ֪ǸղŸܵĲǸһѪѹǸκεΥ֮
Сһֻܹ֤㱻ɱǽҪиĻʮˣΪֻܹϳЩͷǣҪɱ»Щѣҿǻʱݱܷâɣ
۶Ź㳡еÿһˣеɱһ
ףûʲôе㣬ر𶮵̣ұκ˶Ը̣ΨһʱһᣬҿʮʱԼ룬ʱؽڤڣҪеڤڵھ뵣֮У
ãܹã׼һ£ҪˣЦһ£ȻͻȻʼСձ֮ǰͨСֻȴ˿
ȵȣ뿪֮ǰһһҪͻȻ뵽ʲôͻȻתƵԶȺУüͷһȦڼվȺеĺϡ
ȻѡôϹɣ
˵껰ͻȻһӣȻڹ㳡еȺ룬û˵ľһӣѪħݺݵسź׵Դȥ
ң̱һԣ֮ǰˣټϱһ۾͸˳ȥ׽쳹ùˡ
飡
ûԷĺеѪħԥ˺׵ؿڣʱԷؿһݣ³һѪȻߵķһ˳ȥ


һ ס
һ׸ɳȥתϣ۾һһԵ졣
׵ŴӵϵسţѾʯױԵǳ˿־塣
Ǳɵĵӽػ룬ҪɱЩˡ
Сӣ̤ڤɽһɫԼǰȻ𽫺ײɱˣǰûκε档
˶ڤڵӣϾȻһĺ󱲸Ϸˣŭ
ȻǲԷκλᣬϸϵԼǰʱѾǰһԡ
˫ֻӶǰռ죬ϵٴζһ޴Ĺţ·ڻɱУ۹˷
𣬸ˣûʱˣͻȻһȻٴ赲´ϵļιܹоĳǰĴѾӽߵıԵĶŭˡ
ߣûôˣϴһĨͻȻ˫־죬оһž޴ĹţǾԪһҫǡ
СӣϷľҲҪͻȻһ˫ֺݺݵس˦ȥеĹڿлһ͵سȥ
ǡԪ
㳡µĵвһЩʶĵӣϳˣ˴ʩչĵǺ
Ԫ
ƺ󶼱һ㶣ǺܿҶӼѳԪν
ȭʦĸ֮ߣ޵ȻԪԪһеĸڣڵĸԪԴͷۼ֮һ˵ʵ׵֮󣬱߱һļܣǾǽڴ󲿷ֵԪ߶⣬Ȼƾ辫ĿƽԪںһȶмֵϣνԪ
Ԫ˿һ˵Ԫӯ֮⻹鱾˶ԪĲٿʵȫһƴַΪ㽲ڵԪȫ߶㱾ԪͻἫ½һвܹƵеĻ»ὫԼ뵽ʮΣյľأ˲򲻵ѣû˻ѡľٶ
벻˿ϾȻѡƴַɼƵ˺־ء
Ԫֻнܹ֮߱һּܣˣڤϻ˿Ҳ޼
û˵ԪֶֻǸоǰһҫ۵Ĺ˸Ȼһŷ·ȼյԪХδӦ͸еǰһĿһģ߿ˡ
飡
ԪʱͻȻƾճһ˶βͣȻǰԪݺݵײϣӲ۶ûֿܵסԪըһ˿ڱը˳Ѫģ

һʹ쳹޴ϵζ¸㳡Χ̹˿磬ΧĿ֦Ҷʯ·һ㶯
ߵӣһ˿˷֮顣
ΣϷǰֻһĳѣ
޴һ¶ӴصԭҪڿԼʱһ˿־壬սᵽһ˿Σյζ
ã
ԥģתӣǻˣеѪħѾӳ׵һХ
߱

һ̾ȫʩչһٴŭһεĻȵһʩչʱҪ޴
ӴΧһȦһһʮԣڿвҡҷƣ
ϵ˿ڣͻȻŭһĻǵؼڤɽɽͷ֡ڤɽɽ뵽һƬУһԾ𣬳ϳȥ
ۣ
ӴֱӶϵ壬ȻͻȻըɢ𣬵һؾͻ֣һ䵽ڹ㳡Χעĵϣһ󼦷ɹѸٵˡĴ㳡Ļǡ
һŽϴĻһŷһݺݵײ˺׵ؿϣĺٴαײ˳ȥ
쵰һϹһץסµϣһ۶ԷɫһקӸ˺ļλϡ
һ¿ûоȣ
СӸǵɣɽˮڣվϹһЦлһˣ˵תԶȥ
ӳȥŭ
ڤϹ֮ȫһһˣ꣬꣬лģʱ򣬱ؽڤڣһѩǰܣ


һ ȥ
ïܵĴɽУһɫڲϵӣڤڴܻ
ڤڵڤڵɣ߱ɱͬţȱ󲻾еȫɽΧɭ֣ؽͽץɣ洦ã
ϵĻɭһӰ˸Ӱ˴ɽʼ˵̺ʽ
˿̵վıѾܽ˴ɽأһ·ɱƾźϣֻ˱ŻеŮǰɱ
ȿȡ
һֱ˯ͻȻһԣȻ۾Ǵһ˿ѪͣϣգգÿĽëٴĿһ䡣
û뵽龹Ȼһ¶һ˿ɬı飬СҰ׵Щ¡
Ĳ˲壬סһ磬ǿϵʹ࣬𳶳һ˿ЦݣԲʦ㣬㣡
һʹܹоõڵ𽥼ڲϵţܵȫ𽥿ʼ£絶
ʦΪԼģûؼʱԼһУ´˿̵ͳΪһ߱ʬˣ
Ҳעд˽ٰɣֻû롭㾹ȻǵڹĹ꣬ѹҡһֱо˵Ϥٴһӵɨһۣûн
εЦЦԲˣϴε飬ΪҲԣʹһΣҿҲƴֹģ
ҡҡͷġܶԣҲΪŻнȰɣһжԵ
֮ͻȻɫЩŹֵĿһԭҰ׵ɫȻһĨΣЩɻ󲻽⡣
ôˣǲǺʹΪƼˣæʵ
ҡҡͷϵĺθ죬ƺЩݡ
ɻסϸļһȻȴʮƽȣƺûҵס
ҡҡͷһƺ˾һһ۾ĿƵĶ
㡭ɽеһҹ㡭ûС
ʵڽȥͻȻͷȥ˵ģʮˣһֱ쵽˲˿̵ʮ欵ġ
һ㶣ǺܿҪʵʲôһϴɽжȹһҹҲһ죬ȻЩŤǸϴΪ˸βȷʵһ£塭ǡģǾûзʲôģ
һżĽ͵ղսɱϵı֣¶һ˿Ц⣬Ҳ˿̵Ÿӷ԰ɡ
ôõĻᶼ˷ˣҶеϧһͷ·ͻȻ˵ĺһ
ĻɬĽתƵһԣע𣬶ҲǱŪһһŴıϣһ졣

ͻȻ˵ϸãһæ˳ӵĽŵıϣı˫磬ǿļš
һʱ˶ûнı۾ƺ˯עÿգ⻹һϸĴľգϴɽȻƤǵʱķΧһҪƣϾȥͻеľ壬ˣνĴͻȻ֣ǺƯ
Ҷü΢壬ƺʹ࣬ӣСţԼ죬СɵıǼ̣ͦϻһ˿ϸϸĺˮ۾ıţ۽ëϵĲţʮֵˣ̲סҪſȥҧһڡ
ôı˻࿿ţû˽ƺѵõİʱ·һֹ̾ˣֻжԺХķ
ĳһһ̯Ѫܿͽ˫֣£ȫѪ
·ûпһһȻıŻеŮ۾ɱԶ˫ȴĲ

ĳһ̣һ̾Ϣ˴˿̰ķΧĵĻĶߡ
һ㣡ϾҪ׷ˣǻҸطһ°ɣ˳㰲һλ
˿̵˫ʣˮҧǣҧƵѪǣƺ⡣
Ľһۻ롰˯Ů˦˦ͷ۽ǵˮˤɾת壬߿Զڤڵķһһ䣬ǣء
ڤڣ֮֮ڣڤڲԸԷУ֤


һ 
ɽصһɽİɽһͻʯƽ̨ȻĹ㳡㳡ıԵ·ԨǸƵɽ塣
վƽ̨¹деɭһƬɫĺһͷϡܹڤɽ
һѡ˴˴ţȻ֪ʲôλã˵ܹоΧмֵȼʮֲֿħޣˣڤڵЩӲ׷ٽƬԣﻹ㰲ȫ
һͻСЩͻأƽ̨ıԵλãվڴ˴պܹɭ֡
һ黹ʪɵĹǰѾСˣû˵κһ仰ֻǰڴ˴ƺĳһһĬ
ĳһ̣𻺻վƽ̨Եȥɭֵĳ۵ףͣԶڤɽϣЩӵĿһԼһɣһ
ʦ㣬Űɣҵٴι
˵֮㲻תصһԵƽ̨룬˿ѾС˽һƽ̨ϵŴ۾
ѨѾˣΧҲһ˿Ϣһħ޶ҿǰ˻ûʲô⣬ҪѪħˣǵãڵʵԺڤڣˣҪгһܹ˵ڤҪϵŬҪľˣȽϵƺòܹ߳Ƭɭ֣
ͷģʮܱ˵ļáһȻ£ұÿһ˶ܹͣٴγʱҾҪڤ𣡡
ֻЩҵļ塭
ЩȻּڤڶеϧȴΪ˱˵򣬶һ·
֪δԼ·ߣҪƾһ֮ԿŶ̵ڤڣ֪ж
ҵڤҲһǣҵļ壡
üͷšһЩţԼһǲЩˣ֪ԼȱɱԼҪװ֪˽ӣڵĳΨΨŵŵȲ˵ܹܲ¾ôˣеүүҲԭԼ
ּ֮ˣû츳ǲû
仰СʱʱүүСģʱ𻹲仰ζʲô˼ƺЩˡ
ڤڣǸҵļ֣ҾڤڵÿһΪּҵᣡ뵽ҲһĨ

ʰתصһĶѨУò˵ѨʮɫڰɽУΧȫïܵľڽһͨһ붴ŻᷢǬˬ澹Ȼм䲻ײС˳ŶѨѨ
ѪħŵһĵϣѾٴλصѪħУûйĽ̸Ҳǽ̸ʱڵʮرˣֻнԼڵƺòܹӦԽпܷκ顣
ε¼ӵĸоʵҪԣֻӵ˾ԵʵܹӵлȨȻĻԼֻǽɥ֮Ȯһ׷ʹ
ϯض¶һ˿Ц鲻֪һŷԭԼϵƾȻѾأһͣʹȫһҧгݡ
ǿԼϰãر۾뵽״̬
Ϊոս뵽ߣڵĵĸȻγɵǲδȹֽ̣һսԭͶԪ˿͵Ȼ޴棬ڲദˣֵܹȫһ˿־ͦġ
ܵڵȻ޴ԪغһȻרֱĿʼȴ޸ڵ˺ۿʼ
޸ʮֵϸ棬ûκε̰ðڵʹ𽥼٣ĵײĵطµġ
ѨаĿ£ȫûκĸţһһ޸ڵƣȴ֪ѾΪַˡ
ɽɭĳһɫӰվڲݵϣ˫֣ԶΧļλû˸ǰ
ৣৣৣ
ϵӰɭиӹȻ󼯽Χ
ϣΧѾȫˣûжԷټһڤڵվ˵
ôûΧ˵Ļ㱨һ⡣
ļλϻһۣһ˿ΣһλվĿһ
ϣƹأѾ
ãܺãüˣͻȻЦΧ˶֪˿̵ĴѾ뵽˱ŭıԵ
СλͬڽڤڵĵӺҲˣλ룬ǽϢ㱨
Ƥ˶ûнһ˳Ĭ֪Щʲô
ϣǰҪ뵽ɽħˣǲǻҪ
ǸСˣһûӳɽħǼһĴţóȻȥԷıŭʱǷ૵ȳȥɣڴӳ飡
ǣ


һ Ԫ
³һе۾ڶѨɨһȦеԭĵǲŽķ¡
һҹڵڿסȻδȫ޸ֻҪעӦòԺκεĺ֢
ٴμһһжһͷСɫĹš
һŵĳ֣۾ͻȻһԴ֪ˡһ߱һЩ֮ǶЩϲĲˡ
ûЩžʩչ߱ʱɹԪ֮ǰ𻹵ֻܹ߱ȭʦڵû뵽Ȼͬá
Ϊʩչ߱ʱԷʩչԪԭ˿ʮĹֶ֮߱ǵûκεãȫ
һϢĿеž޴ɫţ¶һ˿ε˷ܣû뵽ԷĶԷʩչԪȻŪɳ׾Լȫ˻ȻĻ𲻿ܵõڶľԪ
֪ԭί֮󣬲֪᲻ٴλɱһΡ
ЩֵϸһеžԪ˿̵ԪûиոʩչԪʱô궯ȫһű֮
ⶫӦôգѵôֱȥ𣿡ɻ
ɵСӣҪĻֱȥԣұ֤һ֮ڱͻȻһſЦԺ
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ʹҲбɽȴ֪λñ˿̾
Ȼ֪ΪϸҲ״Ȼ֪δãǹڵθڣ̵Ľ
Ц벻һǧˣȻһϲθڣֻεҡҡͷðɣͿҰżҪð
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ģ΢أԪ壬һ
ͻȻĵ˶ʮֵĿھСظһ飬ͻȻ뵽ʲôһ۾һȻһٴãеԪķŵǰĵϡ
δԪһʱ佫Լ״̬״̬һ֮̽һ˿ȥǣϵĹš
ĳԣһž֣Ȼ󻺻ϵԪϣȴûκεķӦԪŻǰĴԭһ
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ЩԪ˿Լߵʱ𻺻ſ죬ȻԪ˿ܵʲôǣһͻȻĿУȻڡ
̶̲ӵʱ䣬ϵĹžͱ˿룬ȫ뵽ڡ
Ĵһ壬ܵ΢΢ӯȵĸоٴΰıۣ뵽״̬

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һһѣһһΪͽڤ˵ܲһСĴ
뵽ʵԼߵʵֲĻټεڶλڤڵĺ£ϾҪץĸо
֪ͨȥɽΧȫͨڤͽṩߣʮ򣬲һƽ׹ץס߽׹һҰ˿ڤڵŻչˣ
е˶һۣӶԷп˾ȣ벻ϾȻ˴ҲҪץһ𳹵ôûӡ
ϣǴɽּҵӵܣǲǽ˸ץȻвͻȻһλվ˵ϵıĿ¡

ͻȻһӴѵ


һ 
Ĵмûκ˸ڳȫҴȴɻΪһССĽϾȻᷢ˴Ƣ
Լı·һ֪Լղʧ̬ˣĬһڣϵٴζ·֪Լ׽ʲôĳϡ
ϣ֪ϹϵãһҪץסΪ䱨Ƕܹ⣬ɶԹ漰Է˵Ļڤպǰվ㲻ҪˣɽҲһʱˣ
ϵĻһ㶣ܿ˴仰˼¶һȻĽɫ
Ǽ¼ֱһС£Ϊ˷ִ漰Էļ˵Ļɾͻ˻ṥڤڣʱòȡʸ񣬿Ҳᱻǿȡ˵ĻǵòʧΪɳӦÿȫһЩĪҪ˶Թ񣡡
ϵĻȻϻһͷçײˣ𷣣
Ļ˻֣ҲԹ㣬Ѿ˰ţɽڴɽΧ񵥣䣬˰йעּҵĶ̬ܿͻᴫּҶУСǹּҰΣĻʱһȥּ̽˽ּÿһ˵Ķ̬ҵҪܹܵȥ
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деɭ֣˿һ͵Ĵɽɭ֣ɫˣ˭Ҳᷢһ顣
ɱ¾ʳ棬ǶΪ棬ֻܲϵսǴе淨
ֻǿ߲ܹ棬Ļֻܹʵߵħ޳ԵУûκεļֵΪЩʵҰ˵̫һ˲䣬۾ĵһ¾׼ʼСΧĵˣԼΪҰ޵Ŀв͡
һǿʳ磬ÿÿʱÿ̶һĻĻɱ¾߱ɱԵǿ߲ŶֵʬռĳһƬʵϣʱҪӵĲɷ
͸֦ҶƬïܵɭʱɭеһƺٴλָƽһЩһϵСҲʼ͵͵ܳʳ
ͶĶѨʱӳϯضϣůڵĸоֻ
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ȫ˰
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վĴһϵĳ鲻ԽһžĹ¶һ˿ΥЦ⡣
оڳӯԪȻһȭӳһݺݵشһԵʯϡ
䣡
̼䣬һǽϳһӶԭһɽұ׵Ĵ飬ϵžʯ䡣
ȿȡ
ӶƣǰĳῪǺһԣæеѨſڴڵĴʵĿ
һ۶Ѩ⣬ղ⣬Щ̫Ӧ۹۲ľɫ
һжһȭͷЦĴɫԲղԪʣµģ֮ǰԪûȫ
򲻴ĵǶã֪һڳԲһӣôһԪԼһԪʦʵȫһ󲿷֣
ôأ૵ȻҪֻǽӦЩͷ۵顣
Ǻǣû뵽㾹ȻܹסԭΪ˶Ԫ̲סֱȫأȻ֪򲻴ĵԼʲôģԺͻȻ
Ѿһ㶼оˣЦЦһеĹţȫǿʵʵԺĽ׷ûκεĺôϣԼܹȴһһӡĻǰ
ʲôͻȻɻʵѪħΪҲܹ


һ Ԫ
Ȼвʮ˽⣬Ҳ֪Ҫһ˽̸ͱĿǰѪħУѵѪħеܱտռ䲻
⻹ôҲһޣڼ򵥵꽻ǶģеĸͨĳЩħǩԼӶﵽħ޵ã߼һǩƽԼ˫ƽȣݣһַʽ߼ģҪǩκεԼֻҪһ˿ӡҵԺУȻǾͿԽϵ
ͻȻȤĴеѪħƺܹѪħ޴Ļ
ô˵ӦÿԻγ˰ɣΪʲôҴûмΣѵ㻹ûֽ׶Σ
ĻѪħоȻһʱЩΣ˭˵ҡܹΣ⣬κֻҪܹʽײϾͿԻΪˣֻԼʮͯ£Ҳ˵ڻκ󶥶Ҳһӣ仹ҪС˰ɣ
뵽ǰһʮɳþ޴ͻȻһԼҪĺӣϲ¶һ˿ŹֵЦݣܿٴ뵽һ⡣
ȻѾ˼ǧ꣬ΪֻʮĺͯСѵҲǸոս뵽ʲã
˵ͺˣΪ仰Ĵȷʵ̫ˣһȴõһ̾Ϣ
ȻʵҾ͸úõĽһ°ɣʵ谮鳤࣬ӵߵ츳ǶȻ˲ֹһ㣬ǻΪ֮ӻûж̬٣Ϊδ󲿷ħԸѡΪ˵ԭ򣬻һҪԭҪΪˣ븶һʵΪۣ˵֮ǰʵǶʣ㾭ѻΪ˺ʵͻήҲ˵ʼԶ
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ͻȻð·뵽߳ĻУǶʱ䣬ҸոջΪˣʵ͹ȣ׵ĳѰսˣȻ׵ʬӳȥȴɥôȥˣҼֻܹÿεɱﵽеЧֻϧδָ۷ЧĻǸʲôʵͷоǸƨѣ
ĿɿڴȻǼ仰ϢȴõϢǺʵ
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һ㶣ܿһ˷ܵĴʵз
ȷʵ˵һźöϧȴܹգβżԭΪֻܹȵԼĵȼٽһʱܹԪĻȴȼȤ
𱳺ѪħͻȻһ˸ȻһŰɫλг֣˿ȴС˳СС޴ԴӰһʲôͻȻһҡԴȻٴ˰С
δ׷ʲô飬ͻȻһ⻪˸鲻ѵ۾ȹ⻪ʧٴ۾ͶǰŨУǵǰľʱ򲻽ŵһˣ㽫еԪŸ
ֻǰͻȻһˣòҪҪһ㣬ԼʮӣȹעȻǶԷԴֻǰԴϹͺͺļûһ˿ͷֻǴﵽļҪԵıһȦ
˿װһνӣܹӶԷϿһ˿֮顣
ЩЦʵ֣
ǰƺЩ̫˼ԼǿϵЦ⣬ݺݵصһۣĿڽٸҷϻЦЦɣǧƾȻδȫָ
ǺǵЦ˼ȻٴϸĴǰ꣬˵ǵһμΪεĶȻһڴ˵еĴڣǸеʮֵľ档
֣ȻǸߣ˵ȴʮֽ˶ǿ첲¡һ鼡ͿһȭĻǺֺ
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Դȷʵǿһ£Ϊʲô㲻ҼԪţ
üͷ˵ڵԪѾƽ⣬һԪʦˮƽǿԪĻȻܹʱʵ»պӰ죡
ЦһļЦ룬һֶܹ㽫ǰԪգҲκεĺ֢ܹһأ˵㲻Ǻö
۾һֺö
ƺżʮ⣬ȵθ֮ſڽ
ֻҪһ껯ԪݣЩⶼӭж⣡


ڶ Ѫɽ


һһʮ ޿ʼ
деĴɽһɫӰԳһɿϴץסһֱ۴ֵɣȻһѾԵһϣһ·ϣ·һһɽȥ
˫ץסʯһԾ䵽ɽĵϣĽϵһԼ˻ҪϺüȦľʯӵϡ
飡
޴𣬵϶ʱѹȥһأ¶һĺۼɼ𱳵ʯж
һ䵽ʯˣȻʯϣֲһ¶ͷϵĺˮ³һ
ɽµķ羰ƾĴϽˮɣеǰδе
쿪첲չһ½ǣȻʼֲжϵɳ˫һĸɳÿһɳһԣ죬ÿһɳҲᡣ
һ֮һӳȥ˴ֵʯ̹һ
Ѿһˣ𼸺ÿһ춼ȹġ
ѵѵǿȵѵ
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һµʱ䣬ı仯νѾԭȰװ۵ķɫǱ˽Сɫԭδ˿Ҳ𽥱ý׳첲Ҳʼ¡˼⡣˸ԵӢ˲
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ھ滹ʣʮ׵ʱȻһ棬Ȼ崹ֱصվڵϣϲȳһӡ
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ңϴζЩħ޴Ѫеһɲ

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٣ݡһ˳нһ˰ɣûǼҵǰһӴĶһԵѺ
ѵĵЦݡƺû⣬һϣǽһħ˴ɵ̶ӵ˶֪ŮѸĶ
٣ǣôˣⶼؼô飿Ӽݡû˵Ĵ㣬һеʵ
Ħеݡϵıһ仯ƺ뵽ʲôĵһ㣬̾һСķ뻳бãȻ̧ͷһһ·϶ԼΪչ˵Ĵӡ
ӣһ·ллչˣ֪ûĻܹܲδ֪ˣ
٣ǣôˣôͻȻôۣǲΪϦС鷢ƺ֪һЩݡ飬һͲ¶˶ԷЩʲô顣
ҡҡͷݡûнٴݵĿһǰǰʮӵ·;͵ˣȴûһ˿˷ܵ顣
˵ǣҪΪЩ鷢ϦమȻԷﲻͬ⣬Щ⣬ֻҪϦİģǾһܹߵһ𣡡
ϦգԼԼǰϦԼĻݡı鲻΢΢һ£Щ꣬ΪϦԭߵڡ
٣ǿ쿴˭
˵̸ʱͻȻ̶еһ˴Ȼ˵߶˳һָķ򿴹ȥֻԶɽУһɫӰ֣˶ضǰӰƺЩ⣬ô˻ͻȻӺųֵ֮Ĵɽ߳
ɫӰ֣ȵʱ˲ſ⾹Ȼһ꣡


һһʮһ ɽС
Щ˷ܵĴǰ̶ӣһµʱһڴɽޣٴ߳˵һĵε͸¶һĨ˷ܡ
ڴǰ˵ͬʱԷҲںĴõȻЩƾɣȻԿòǰѺɫ޵˴󲿷˵ߡ
ʣ⸽𣿡𻹲̫ϰ߱ڶΧֻۣȿʵ
㾹Ȼһ˴Ӵɽ˳һߣȽĵ׵ľȺ˳ٴοʱͱˡ
Щͨ˵ǾǴ˵һĴڡ
ЦŰڰ֣˵ߣֻˣüβ棡
ĻӵЩţһԷЩǱĴԼҲһߣԸܹ߳ȫǿ
ǰʮӵ·̾ǼɽСˣǶСȥģӿǻˣټòҲ²ٵĽ
ǰСȥ̶𣿡һǰĶ飬󲿷ȫŰõĻ׼̶Ӵ硣
ԣ̶ӿɽСΨһһ̶ӣʮֵЦȻָΧ˴˵ûЩȫǵֵܣǷΧСҲһһ̶ˣ
ͷһҵ̶ӵȷǲСˣ
ʣ̶֧ӵͷ˭˳糵֪㲻㣡ͻȻʵǡܹΧȫ
һ㶣ٴδһƺЩΪѣ̶ӵͷĪҪ̶һǰеĻ
ʲôһ㣬ͻȻЦЦһḶǳ͵ģ
˵뻳Ȼͳһ׼βħˣ׸ԷЦ˵׼βħˣ㲻ʲôصƷ͵·̵ĳΣ
ӽӹħһһ˿⾹Ȼħ˵ʱ˵۾ֿ˻Щƽ˵ħ˾ѾһʲСĲƸˣǵ䵱ĻֵܹһٸңЩ˰Ļ
⡭ȻСֵˬ죬ѵĻҪ˵Цˣͼ̶ӣȻһɽ
кȻԼ˵ϣ˼֮⣬Ŀռһ㶼
𣬴ټ֮ǰǸĬݡȫıԵ˫ȷڳ⣬Ȼ󳵶ٴλǰʻȥ
С֮󣬴ҼԼ飬ƺħʮֵĸȤǰˣֻĽħ˷뻳Уֻżлʱʱһ·ȷħ˻ڡ
ļ룬ݡһʼ̧ͷһۣʱ䶼һ˵ͷ飬ƺûκε顣
⵹ȤϸĴ˼ǰ꣬ݵΣΧЩֵĴԵĲ죬һ˰ĵͷ֪Щʲôһصӡ
ӵǶѵ״̬ϰΪˣڴЦŶڰ֣ݡôһأ
Ŷ֪Ǻ»λ˵ݣһʮָȤӡ
ӹЦ̶ӲʲôܣڼɽҲܣ
һݡƺûֹӣˬĴӼ˵ݡǼɽСϳТӣСΪͥȻƶҲҸǺݡȻǼɽСϵƯŮϦһ飬׹밮ӣֻϧ¶ĥϦĸײͬһԭΪݡȭʦߡ
ȭʦüͷһٴοݡг˺棬꼸Լķ棬ûиףΪɲȭʦ˵ΪߡⲻǼǰԼķ
벻ݡȻүǺޣΪв˵鶼Ҫ̯ϣһֱݡͻȻЦҡҡͷ
ԭΪɲȭʦӵϦ֮ⱲҲֵˣ˭룬˾ȻҪӲıɢݡͻȻͷһ˲˵
Ϧĸ׾ǼɽС򳤣ݡΪݡ׵ģһҵֻҪݡܹѰһԸ⽫Ů˼޸ݡǲܵ飡
СԽΪǿħ˵ԭ򣬴Ӷĺøб
̾һÿһ˶ԼԼγһĵ·أ
Ǹо̫أЦļ򣬡٣ֵǲˣ⣬֪֪ɽǽֵĻʲô
һʮָȤЦʵ治֪ʲôô˽ֵ
֪̾Ȥ͵һ򣬡ȻڤڳͽǼˣ˵һڤڵɱԼͬţȻɱһϣƾһ֮ɳߣɽֵ˻ˣ
ӽʲôһ㣬ЩɻĿ𱳺ѪħȻٴδһ𣬿еľ鲻Խѿڶ
٣ˣҼǵǸһҲʹһ󵶣ɣ


һһʮ Ϧ
ӵĻһذըȺըԭ˴˿ҲŽת˹һĴ
ϸĴټ֮ǰڤѾ֮Ⱦһɱ˲գ۵ĶħˣһЩͨȻĵ׿־塣
һξݡ̧ͷЩɻĴȻδһںͨǸ˵Ŀж
˶ͶԼǰ΢Щ벻龹Ȼ˴󣬿ڤΪͨԼ˴
ЦͷԴӰڰ֣Ȼ֪˵һ˭ǿǵӾ֪һ˭ܸҽһµ׷ʲô飿
ӵɴ۾㶵ĿһջǱЩֵƭˣЦͷҼǵô˵ǸһɱһȼԪʦڤڳϣô˵ԷʵԪʦˣСֵǸ˵Ļǿɾ̫ˣһʮԪʦ⻹òЩƴ˼ʮȴȭʦĵȼϴת˻ˣ
˴ӵĵ٩ΧһȺ˺ôЦȷǿͨϵˣ¾һˣȴܹɱԪʦʲô
Ҳ˺ǺЦļ򣬡ֵܣ㾹Ȼ֪£ǴİҸϸĽһľ
ʮӵ·;ڴӵĴжȹǵһ˽Լ飬Һܶطпŵĳɷ֣磬˵ƾһ֮ȻڤϰٵӣɱһϺ󣬼ŭڤɽϣȻˣǧһ֮ʣͻȻ䰵ȻͻȻʧˡ
ӽ㵸·ʱֳһ㣬ǷһȤ󣬴ڽʱΧֹһ飬˻һ˷ܵŴӽ˷ܴһĲҽ
ԣΧЩ˲ûжɵκεԹ෴Էƾһ֮ɱķʱ򷴶¶һ˿ı顣
ҲЩƽУԻ͵Īڴˣƾһ֮ηǿȨηɱķȻȫȥһ˵
ʲôѪڵأҲֻʱ򣬺ܶ˱пĥȥǣȻһ˱ƽ
ˣ
ǰͻȻܿĻӵ̶ӣҶ죬ףٴεƽ
ǰһɽµСӼȫʯɣſڴһȺ˷ܵ󲿷ֶ͵븾ŮеֱӱźӸ˹
̶֣е˿ڵ˺Եļ
ӹһЦλֵܣɣһεĳɹȫִǰǵļˣӿٶȣ
ǣһȺ̴ӦȻ˲ϵĴ߸Сȥ
ǰԾȻȺ˹ȥվڴڵȺҲһΧ£˹ѰԼˡ
Ц³ֵȺеȻֱӱͷʹޣδ֪óٴμˣָоȷʵ״
ſţ𲻽Լףһµʱȥ֪Լˣڤܻ᲻Լ˲
𲻽ս˫ȭڤڣĻģһὫȫɱȮ
ιһ˰ɣ
һкͻȻ˼תȴݡһλϸ˿ԼѾͣͷЦݣʵϣٴμԼӵ˴ûⱾҸ
Цŵ˵ͷʵϣǰûκεУ෴𷴶öԷԼ̫֮
ǲĻȵǼϢһ°ɣݡͻȻ¶ĵһЦݣԼݡࡣ
Сӣһ϶Ѱɣһ鵽ɣһЦݵĿϵıϡ
һˣûκεĽ飬ЦŶһӦ
Ǻǣ̫ˣ϶߰ɣȥԷȥЦݡ֣δӵ˴˿ʮ˷ܡ
ݡͷӦʣȴΧȺһѰҵĺϸÿһ˶Ĵһ飬ϧʧջߣ̾һ
ǻȥɣ

ɽСλõһʮֵۣʵׯ԰һռʮ־޴ĽҲɽСΪĵطΪС򳤵ס
ЩеĳһУĲʮֵţɫȫѡõķۺɫԣʮƫɫǽϻһЩɰСһܿһŮĹ뷿
˿̷ֻһλͤͤŮĿҪŮ֫ӯӯһգϸ˵һۿȥһҪ§ڻ۰һĳ嶯
˿ŮСĽĴ򿪷ţ͵͵ɨһΧû֮ŮĵתҪϷš
ϦҪȥģ


һһʮ ǿնԻ
ϦҪȥģ
Ůһ̶ͣתݺݵضǰˡ
ΪʲôŮ
վŮһĿˣԵҪֻ첲ϵļ⣬һͻһ㣬˱һ˫ĿȻĶǰŮȻص簮֮顣
㲻ҪΪ˵Ͳ֪ǲȥǸһɫһ˵
ŮѾˣȨҵɣ˵ݡʲôãΪͿΪ˼ҵĺôѵںλЩ𣿡ŮͻȻ¸ҵ˶ӣгִ֮顣
һ㶣һ˿죬ƽʱŮһ˶ԼһΪһˡ˻ǺԼ谮Ů
˵ǲһ𣬲ΪΪ޷ȭʦǣǼ޸ҪЦģ
ϦȻһִֵĶǰĸףŮںЩŮֻ֪ݡϲңమģҲҪΪĴӢۣҵУʲôҲᣬһƽˣȻĿеӢۣŮУֻҪһ˵Ӣ۾㹻ˣ
һͣǰŮĻǰҲһŮԼʱԼĿһУȴûκſʱҲһŮһУ벻ĸԼߣ
˼лһٴοԼŮʱһ㱣ԭѾȥôˡ
𲻴ӦһҪݡһϣܹ֧֣
˵ϦԼףһ߽кݺݵˤϷš
㶵վڷſڰ죬˲̾һ
ϦǹˣһжΪãȻڻԹ޵ⶼΪպҸΪ
˵ͻȻСȥһת뿪ӰЩį

ҲܹٳˣѾԵĺܱˣٳԾҪˣЦĴԼĶӣʾԼĳԱˡ
ݡĸ׵Щܲˣ˵
Ĳһǣеķ£ݡЦЦʵ̫ˣ
ݡЦЦƽʱֻһˣѵпǸ˵ģ
˱˵Ժ£ķǣû˽˫˼Լ顣
ҲСΪСʱͻȻǶûκԭֻʣΪңҲһʮ֮ǰڼȭʦ㲻ϣܾȡЦʼûзԼ׷ԣܶʱЩ鶼ʱģɹԽȥͻ֣ᷢԭЩ˵Ĳֵһᣡ
ݡû뵽ȻԼĹ£ЦЦŽתƵҹյСһڻ䣬ǽġ
ϦʱһϦµİұϵһȺȡЦԭһΪɲȭʦС˵һֳ裬ǼȡЦ̶ЦĽҴƵ˺ʱϦˣȻļǵãʱһ黨ײСȹβϵһɫ˿Ưľϵľ飬ǽΧĺǸ֮ϦĽʱǵĵһֻҵЩǱһ꣬ʮ꣬Ϧʮ
ԼϦĹ£ݡ·Ǳһһǻ᲻ԾĴһĨҸЦݣһƽСݡֵһ䡣
ͻȻԼеʱݡεտڣ˼ʵǲ˵Щˣͦĵģ
ЦŰڰ֣ģԿǶԷɻȱһ֣
ͻȻͷһǰĵ׹һ˿䣬һʱȥˣȥ
뵽ǸЩԼעӵŮӣǸƯԼһ۶Ůӣ඼ݺݵ£ԭ֪䣬ļҲѾסһŮ
ı飬ݡͻȻЦˣҲǸйµ˰ԷǸôŮأ
ЦЦұ㻹Ҫһ㣬ֻһ棬ʱ䲻죬ҲǰһҪϢĸоΪƯһֱŮϲ߱ʣ
ҲϦĸ׵ٳ˵кܶȥ٣ȥϦȴ⵽ܾθ̶ӳȥһµʱ䣬֪Ϧлûң
ЦҡҡͷǸûʧļһ˫ֱźǰ̨Ͽҹе췱ǣͻȻ૵ҵĻһȥʵжһֱŬδ
һֱŬδظһĻݡƺͨʲôһ۾һٴοʱ˸м֮顣
лˣ׸ˣ


һһʮ 
Сϵ˵ǸʮҪĽգΪǼɽС򳤵ʮٳС򳤵˵Ҫرӵġ
һСŻķΧҪԼĴլдϯȻһЩݸ߹ˣ󲿷ֵСûлģ˴ҽǰ֮Ծ뿪ˡ
վڷ䴰ǰϦһ˰ŸۡԺıͣȴûκεϲñ顣
С㣬ү˵ױõ¥ȥ˲үѣүҪܼʶһŮϦ󹧾˵
֪ˣȥɣϦת߻ױ̨ǰ£žоݣʱ˼Ůӵ˲٣۾ģ⼸ûϢãҲ͵͵ؿ޹ŮӵĻȴôҲ붯֡
ʿΪ֪ŮΪüݣ
İ˶ߣԼױǸ˭أ
̾ϢһڣջǿʼԼӡ

ǰԼֹһΧǻĽݡĽŲ鲻ԽİŮڶ棬ֻϧ˴˿ȴһǽ
ôˣһԵ𿴵ݡֻһ̧ͷΧǽɻʵ
ûʲôǽȥɣݡЦҡҡͷȻ˫е˽ȥ
ۡſھӭĹܼң˿һȺ𳤶ӵȴ볡ͬÿһжһС
٣ǿⲻǵĴӢСݡ𣿡һۼȷվڶĩλݡ
Ӣ֣ۡݡɫ̱ͨ죬֪ԷڷԼ
ٺ٣˵ҿҵ˵ˣθ̶ӳȥһ˲ٵЦԭ̶ӵĴЩӵĻ˸ͲҪʲôϣ̶ٵʱһﾹȻŵö㵽棡Ȼϳķﰡ
ԷһϯΧһЦ˵泰ݡЩ鲻һˡ
ݡɫǺ죬գܿɿغһ˵ƽ˲١
û˵ĳݡﻺߵ򳤼ҵĹܼǰ΢΢ܼңǵ
ǰƺݡʮֵϤЦŽӹݡǼүллˣ
˵ݡ͵ʲôһԵһ˫ֱŸ첲ЦСպܹݡ
ʲôһ˵£ѵܹóħ˸߽׵ҩɣһʮȻϽ
˵˼½һϺõħأ˵½ɱģ½ʵٴξ˲٣˵һξлأվһһͻȻ˵ʮִ½硱·Լνġ½硱һ
е½˳˧ҼҾֺãʵСһߵģҿϦС䣬ĳЩһЦ
ٺ٣˵ˣ˵һ½ļҪ˻أ֪򳤻᲻ͬ⣿
ݡƤ˲һ˿ʹ࣬ʲôûнͷתſȥ
ݡı飬̾ϢһֻܹתŶԷ뿪
ݡ㣿
һŮľϲΧʱȥ
ݡһͣȻתͬһϲŮԣܹӶԷпϲ뼤
ǰŮΧһ󼤶˵߶ضǰŮرǶԷϸ֫˵߶鲻ԽĽض棬ǽ˼§ڻнε⡣
Ϧݡг˼
ݡ㣿ϦܹȻվݡǰ¶źε˷ܡ
Ϧݡ۾ƵĶǰŮһʱ䲻֪ĽЩʲôյ˼֮һ̺ε¶˳
ݡˣϦԼУضݡ͸©һ˿˷ܣߣǽȥģ
ϦݡЩ죬Ϧֻģһǲȥˣ
̧ͷһԺ棬еıЩӣ֪ǸҲԼӦýģ
ϦȻǿݡеĺ壬ӹִݡ֣ݡҽȥɣģأ
С㣬⡭ʰɣܼЩΪѵ˵
Ϧ̧ͷŹܼң壬һԺ͸˵ģ
˵겻ˣȻ˲Ŀݡ˻߽ԺС
ЦҡҡͷǸҰҺ޵ѾͷѪħظȥһȺ˴۵Сۣȴһ仰Ҳˡ


һһʮ ǻ
ɽС򳤽٣ıȻǲ٣вһЩΧʮݵλˡҵĴԼԺжϯͰһһ쳣֡
½ΪС壬½½Ȼ˴ϯλϣʮִ󣬶һʮˣΧŵĿ˷Ǹ󣬴󲿷ֶսϵ֮ˡ
½˷ܣΪͶǧĽѾãֻһֱδ½ɽСĵλ򳤵Ů˵Ҳŵԡ
½˷ܵǣүӴӦսף뵽˶ıǰԼϦ½Ҫö½һ˷ܡ
Ưļˣֻô˲ܹϣ½Ц
ҵСʲôʱʹӦҪҽλ׵ģɲҪڷˣ
½ҶͬϯСţһ½µ˲
İɣεǻȥҲҪףཻ꣬һֱ޲ڣӦûʲô⡣ԵΪͻȻЦ˵
ҿǺ˵һһҪȢϦСҸһ˹ֶϱʮֲ
Ǻǣģһεһףһ簮˵
ҪȢϦɲô׵ģ
һһЩͻȻΧϳԷıͶʱ˲Сˢˢ䣬ȻȻһνĵͷԷ˶ϸߵĶΪ˶֪ϷҪˡ
ҷüͷתͶһԵ½ϣǳһ˿Ц⻰ʲô˼
½ƽĻӦϦʣСƯˣҪϦķĿɲô׵飡ֻ˲ܹ˼ˣûеĻֻǸЦ
ҷɫ΢Ŷ˼㣿֪λǺݣ
½ƺûнԷУʵڼɽС򣬳֮⣬½һûн˷С
½½
½˵쳣࣬ȴԺͬʱһ˿ĵɫһʼͶͷļһûκεĺøУϦôַܻһ
񣡡һԵ½ͻȻȵڹܽԼӣһ۾ܹԷһʽиûнѵԼӵ˼
λ˼ˣϷܽ޷üλЦˣ½ЦŶΧļ˿һҾȴûκεǸĳϿұ顣
Ǻǣ£ֻԴǺģСһֱȥͺãҷԵͻȻЦŰڰ֣ʾԼ⣬ǴҺȮӣղüλЦˣ
ǴվǾ˵һλˣһλߣû뵽Ҽʧʧ±½
ŶǸħҵĸ½ҺЩ⣬ЦԷ֣½֣˵½ҲƸˣȴ¼Ϊ͵û뵽һξȻˣң
Ǻǣ̫ˣ½ЦŰڰ֣лһϲΣԼĵλһ㶼
½ֵĶӶҵǧҲ˼ҺͻȻЦ˵
ǺǣŮӺϣ֮Լȥɣ½Ц˵
½ҷһۣһ˿⣬Ȼ˫ʮֲмתƿߣӶЩԷ
λ˵ʲô˵ô֣ڳ֣սЦǰ
һȫԾվά˵Ÿֿսǿ˴кȻк£Լ˵λá
Ǻǣ֣ĸպãҸղ½ĵϦֶŮϣ벻ҵкӶϦֶŮ˼ԭ⻹Ƥ׼ҵģڵЩ˿ˣҺЦŶս͵
Ǻǣ˵ô⣬ܹ÷λСֶĴСŮңʲôεģҲҵңСŮ׻ϲ˭
սĻûнͻȻһסˣԭһս˼սͻȻͣȫɻ̧ͷսȻ˳תſڣ˶һ㶡
˵ע£ϦһͨɫЩ߽ŵǱ˸Լˡ
˵߶ǰǰͣͣȻԶתƵϦݡϣû˾Ȼǵ֣
ʲôû˻ỳˣ
ҷ½ɫЩѿĿһϦߵ꣬˽һһѴ̵ĵһݺݵشʹ˵࣬ղ˻Դףתۼ鷢תĸо
Һ½һۣȻ뽫תƵսϣȴԷԼһ𸴡
֣⡭½ûнǺѾʮˣϣԷܹԼһ͡
ž
սͻȻݺݵһϣȻߵվɫźĵԼƽʱػ˵Ů
ϦǸʲô


һһʮ ʦ
սĻħһլԭ֪ĿȫͣеĶߡ
սƤ˶һŮԵݡȻŽٴע⵽ԼŮϣʱ
Ϧ
ϦһЩŵݡԵܹоݡڲϵĲһݡƣöԷоԼȻϦ̧ͷݡһۡ
Ϧϲݡ
ȴȫˣ˶һȻٴοϦŵݡͱζ벻ξȻܹһֿɿ
ٺ˵Ҿʹȣ
սɫǺ죬û뵽ƽʱԼƴӣһԱŮȻΪһ˲ԼĻ
֣Ҫŭлú˵һԵ½æվסսȰһ˹ϵĺûᣬȻ
֣ӻС£αضŭأ˵ô⣬úǶѿһԵҺҲǸһȰ⣬ֻݡͳζ
λѵȰ⣬սɫ΢ÿһ㣬ڴһȻٴοԼŮ
ϦϲСӣãȲ˵ʲôҺ˵仰
Ϧһ㶣ת̧ͷһԵݡ֪һݡҪԵģȻĻԶͬߵһ
ݡ֣Ȼɿɵߵݡ࣬һȻΧ½ҷɫ׵ĺ
򡭡ã
ݡЩŵĵͷǰЩˡ
ݡ˵㣬Ӧǵһεʽ棬֪ҵŮԱ˴кøУЩҲܣ㣬ʲô֤ܹŮҸ
ݡһתһԵϦԷϹЦݣݡһͻȻ̧ͷսӡ
ҰϦϦҲң֪ԼûԺյļ۵ʵһֿģҺϦǱ˴మһȫȥػݰ飬ҪýϦҸ
ݡϦ۽Ǻᣬ㶵Ŀ꣬ΪԼڸԼĸˡ
ã͵Ϧĸ棬㣬ƾʲôϦҸûǮûȭʦǣΪҸ˵˵ƤôδӻΪƾʲôʱܹݡҸս˿ʵ
ϦͻȻĺ
Ϧ㲻Ҫ죬شңսͻȻ˵
ϦݡվһƵĶԼĸףҲΪŮҸһ˼ңȻкõļŮŶţÿʳҸŮҸŮҪҸǸԼϲһ𣬲ƶǹƶŮȻеҸ
㡭սɫһŭû뵽ŮȻҺԼˡ
ˣ֣ҪŭĴ֮գƢͲˣҺͻȻ죬Ȼҷʹһײɫ
ҷ̻⣬ȻЦŴӻͳһУȻ󹧾صݵսǰ
壬ֶһ⣬ף彡ʵһ¥
սɫԺãӹҷ͵Ľ㻹ģ
壬Ҹϴνɽʱɱһļħ޵ħˣһˮԵģϻЧϣܹ
Ŷļħˣһöʵ;˲ٰӺܿͻˣ½֣һöӰսЦŽӹħˣһ˿⡣
֪λֵ͵ʲô
½ͻȻЦŶϦԵݡʵѾ˲ҷڶʱΪѣ
԰ȻˣλֵܲһԽǸãҷȻҲ½˼̸һ䣬ϵʮĬ
ֽתƵݡϣҪɹŮĵ׼ʲô
ݡɫһһʱЩ֪롣Ϧ֪ݡһò˸õݡҪ⡣
ݡղѾǰˣϦ͵ϣݡЩǰû档
СӵóսͻȻ˵
㡭Ϧɫһû뵽Ȼᵱ˵Ҫݡ
֮ǰĹܼ̽һнսǰֲ𿪣澹ȻһѽңĿӦмʮ
սɫûжһԵҺЦˣǺǣλֵܵǺˬȻһʮöң
ҺĻڴһЦΪ˭ܹԷеĳ֮⡣
˵Ѿλֵܵȫҵˣӿ治С½ͻȻЦǺǵĲ
ݡͷʮöһԼʱԼŬģﻹԼöңЩУ΢Ķ
ߣЩŮҸ
λѵĻʱսЩ澡ʧ͵һ˦ǰб˦˳ȥʮöȫٵĳݡȥսΪ֮

ҼٵĳԼݡʶø첲סǽһĻǸжͬʱһ衣
ϦȻ͵صݡǰԼ嵲ݡǰ
Ȼ˲䣬ǰϦηһȻӣݡͻȻеԼûãʱܵ裬Ц˺ΣʹͻȻӿͷ·һڴӿ
һѽҳϦȥݡͻȻ֪
ס֣
ݡһŭȣֵ鷢ˣԭڿмٷĽҾȻȫ붨˾Ϧһλã֮յֹͣС
ʮöڿͣʮ룬Ȼڵһ졣
һֱվݡδͻȻ۾һһＸѿڶ
ʦ


һһʮ ħ
ЩĶվԼǰݡһ˿
ûģԼղһûпݡղŵȷǿס˿мĽңȻԵʮֲ죬һٿأ
ղȺ˵ļǲĳһ˿ζĻȣƺԽԽ˼ˡ
Ϧӣһµı۾˰ƺеʹûϦ۾ǰƺûʲôΣղɻ̧ͷתݡ
˿̵ݡɫǺ죬кˮ䣬ƺûдӸղŵзӦ
ݡûзӦһԵĵսҲû׸ղŷʲô顣
աղŽƺڿСͣˣҷ죬˵һԼΪ˼Ļ
Χ˶ʶһڿˮԸղҲۿ顣
򳤸ղǲЩˣ
һƽ𣬴˴йİ˵ȫеݡϡ
ս˿̲ע⵽Ůݡ֮ǰԼעһֱŮߵСϣ𷴶ˡ
˭Һʶ㣬˭ģսеղŵԼǰʱƢȻá
ûеݡԼ˵ȻʶңݡѰɣֻݡģ
Ŷ㲻ǱˣϷҪôҪһָָɣս벻һӶԼˣȻЩԽսԽǲˬ
ˣҡҡͷ˵򳤸ݡһҪȡϦСҪаƸ񣡲֪Ƿ棡
ߣΣѵΪСӻаƸĪ˵򣬿ʮƸҲòɣս˵
Ϊֹû˿ĺøУû˿Լľη֮ģͬʱϱֳһ͵Ӧþ߱ġսֲõԤС
ͻȻ뻳ȻͳһսƮƮĴԷĶС
ʶĻӦԵнɣ
սֽסɹĶȻ̯ƣһеĶΧĲҲĽתƵսУҪʲôƷԵҡ
ħħˣ
ս૵ЩȷĦеħˣܹеһֺʵоȴܹʶ⵽Ǻħ޵ħˡ
Уһħ˾Ƹ㻹˵󻰣˸ղҲһħˣĻұ㻹Ҫһ½ͻȻڼ
սûнܹоеħ̺żǿˮ֮Ԫأһ֪͸ղ½͵ħ˲ͬһΣ
ŶҲܹóһħ˵ĻǵҲ߱˰ʵڽ
弶ħˣ½ɴ۾˼ĺһӦڿЦǿԷٵɫЩȷתһˣȴ˴˿̶ĿƵĶսеħˡ
ħ˰
ɲһħˣ൱ȭʦһħҲħ޵һˮ룬ǽ뵽ħ޾ʹħѾ߱ǿһս֮ȻʵҲ൱ԪʦȴǿһվϾħǿǹġ
Ȼ֪αǾѾ˶ԷĻΪǷս˫Ѿʼˡȷһħˡ
һħʮңħϰٸңħңĽħʮңħȴңһмУҪ˵ϸߵȼħˡ
һħһңʵǿˣЩҪԼƵˡ
սѾǰħ˾ħˣ˲˼ԷһССôӵ˸߽׵ħˣźۼ۹ɨһĿƶԼħ˵½Һˣ֡
ȡǸ֪СֵħǴӺεصģսͻȻһʵϵı黺˲١
򳤾ͲعˣֻģݡǲǿԺϦСһˣȫûиԷ׽Ļᣬֱһ仰⡣
ǿ֪СֵˣĪֳһλСӢҾȻ֪սһ˿Цʵ
ôҪҵݣЦѵҪԼɣھʹ뿪
𼸴βӵķսϵıҲѿԼϽ֮ڻδ˸ںԼ
𡭡
ݡЩŵĿһʾҪŭԷЦҡҡͷݡġ
ǸʲôȻ˺彲
һԵ½ִ˿ǸƨĺûᣬҸղóһħ֮ǰıֳΪӰȻǶ֮ǣˣ½ȻŹζѵĻᡣ
䣬½һţɿĳȥһ˿֮ɫ
һ˲䣬½ֻоǰһȻһӰţ½˱ɳһڴĿɿڴעµ˳ȥ


һһʮ 
Щ죬ֻ½ƺҪǸ֪ߵغĺһѵǻδ½εǸ꾹ȻһּٶȻ֣Ȼ˾Ϳ½ܵػһԭط˳ȥպݺݵײһԵϣ

ȷӦȻ½ЩֵǿһȻæתܹȥ½
ԼϵʱһǲϵѪϸļһ½ɫױѿһ˲ʱ䣬ԼӾȻ߹ǣ
㵽׶ҶʲôЩתĳʵг˷ŭûж֣ڶгη塣
ûлظվݡϦǰתƵսϣעԼսƤ˶һ˿š
۷ȭʦղűɳȥ½Ҳ۷ȭʦԼпܸĶ֣ٴδһսɫԽѿ
۷ȭʦһܣôԷʵԶ뵽ս͸еһɬ⵽Ǵðһļһﰡ
㡭ߣ
һԵҺͻȻΧҲֻҺһߣղ𹥻½ʱֻоӰһһһ˿Ԫֻ߲ܹʹԪȷһߡ
ҲߣƮƮĿһҺƺ⣬ȻתƵһԵҷϣһ˿⡣
ȻעԼӣҺæƶҷ嵲Լҷŵú˼ЩȻĿ
һУ
һнĿȨƿԼУԭһ˿Ǵ˿Ҳ¶һ˿ĺЦˣȫ𣬿ǰЩֵꡣ
û˽תݡЦЦ߰ɣ
áã
ݡЩĻصղıֳ׵ݡԭݡΪһͨȭʦԸҲΪոճֵʱʮǣϸǱ
ԭΪһǵĿ߲û뵽Ȼô½ʲôʵɽСȫ֪ڼɽСϺųŵһ˵꾹Ȼһغ϶û
ѾתȥݡһϦϦͷȻ˽ȥ
ϦҪȥģսЩżʵԼɾһŮһŶԷˣԼô죿ôϦȥĸ׽
˽Ųͣ£ϦתŴСԼжӢ۵ĸףһ˿ӵС
ŮСδΥκϣŮԼѡԭŮεԣ˵ת˳ȥ
ϦݡһȻ׷˳ȥ
ֻʣһվſڣսһۣûκε
Ҳһ׵ĽǶȳ㲢ûʲôϣԼŮܹһõĹޣҸָʷģҲòһݡôԺҪڶûطȥΪ۹ȷʵͦģ
˵תȥһĿɿڴˡ
㡭
սͻȻԭһԾ³˳ȥȻԺн
ÿ
ƮƮ˵ʵսûʲôΪϣԼŮҸԭ޿ɺǣֻǣղݡЩߡ
սϱһ任һԼӵ굱˶εĶײĵһջֻǸղֳʵòӡ
ʰһսſþƵʵ⡭λСֵܣ֪ղ˵Ǿ仰Ǻ⣿˵Ϸ۹ѵݡʲôϷ֪ܲɣ
̾ϢһǰȥھսǰԽʱ촽Ķ˶ý˲˵һ仰սһ˻뿪Ҵլ
սƤ˶ŴͣоڲԾĲԭذ죬ֱΧ˶ϳЩĵʱսĺһĵ׵𺳸ͬʱȫһɿ촽˶ûи˵ղŸԼǾ仰
񡭡ʦ

˵ʲôһݡһĶ۾¸ղĻǶԼЦ
Цŵͷܹݡ˿̵飬ԼʮʱݡƣֻԼȽ˵Ȼ˽ĲС
ǡôôŬܹΪȭʦݡЩɥĵͷ˵ȭʦǣǻܵ˵ıĵģֳ裬ݡһܾǶʮꡣ
Ҳ㲻ܹΪȭʦԽһУбԪӵְҵҪȭʦ߹Ķ࣡Ц˵Ϊܹе˲࣬ԲԽԵеֻҪܹϲǰУʱϦĸ׿»ҪŮ
ģݡ𾪵ʵĵľԼϦ飬Ȼʱߵһ𣬵ǵòĸףİôܹҸء
зʽ𣿿ôδ˵أվݡԵϦҲһŵʵǿЦġ
ЦŵͷȷУзʽޣӦְҵʦ


һһʮ ̬ȵת
˵ҵľǿԲܹеĽڿͣͣݡЩȵʵ
ͷȷʵˣҲŸȷľһˣ˿תޣֻҪΪʦʱǸ½۷ǿߣʱҲõһ£ϾһʦıɲǺǵģ
ݡϦһۣӱ˴˶ԷпһĨ˷ܣĻ·ٴοϣ
ǡݡƺ뵽һ⣬ҲްɽСҲû˵˭Ǿʦ
ЦָָԶϵһҰȻָһϵҰȻ𾪵ɫͻȻεض𣬻Ưǰס䣬ǰ˻Ρ
ݡŴͣһľ㡭Ǿʦ
ЦŽеĻ˳ֵݸϦȻ˵ҲǳѧҵǿָһĵãֻҪܹѧպ󲻸˵ɾͣ⼦ɽСĻû⣡
ݡ۾ͻȻһ˸һĨ˷ܵĹâԭѾķ·ڴ˿нĸˣûһ˻᲻ϣԼΪһ֮֮ϵӢֻۣǴʱʵǷ롣
Ϧ㣬ȻȥɣԷģ޴֮˵Ļ˿ӦòһˣΪݡ˿߱ǱѾ㹻ˣЦŶݡߵϦЦ˵
ϦЩĵĿݡԼȥᱻ׸ȻҲݡ
ϦȻȥɣֵܣݡϦЦЦϹ򶨡
ǡϦЩ̫ģݡ䡣
İɣǲܹɹҲһҪ㸸״Ӧһ𣡡ݡͻȻ˵һ˿Ȼ
ȥɣңݡЦ۾ضϦ
ţҵ㣡
ϦٴοһݡȻһˡ
һŮһԵѾԶϦ˵
ҲôΪҲϦһȥΨһˣݡϴһĨҸЦݣǱЦΣӵ밮飬Ů˱Լ硣
֪һЩȲˣôھͿʼɣȸ򵥵Ľһ¹ھʦһЩϢȻڸ㽲һľٿأ
ݡһڴĿԼֻÿЦǼ⣬˵ʵҲһ֪⣬ֱڳˡ֮⣬ûκεĹ޷鼮ҲȽżģֻܹȽԼĵý̸ԷȻڽٿء
ãһúŬģݡŹʣǰδеĸǡ

ڶ𴲵ʱķݡȻһԺѵ̵ϥãƺڤ룬޵˵ڤһʮҪĹΪͨڤѵſԽеľΪá
ҡҡͷ벻һﾹȻһҹû˯ԺϰһϣҲ⣬ոտʱγı֡
ڵϵݡ۾֮һվ
ڰ֣ŽϵöҲٿ
˵ӿڴͳһöңȻŵһԵʯϣ˵һԣעݡ
ݡһ㶣Ȼĵ˵ͷ۾ĳһݡͻȻۣһ
𣡡
ϵĽ̻ŸȻƵЩѾڿС
۾һݡĺʺоʦԼԻҪһЩɼŸһŵʱͬĻΪһȴ
ݡһ˿û뵽ԼȻһξͳɹˣһ𣬲Ծһ˫ȭ·𿴵δ
ϦС㣿
ЩɻĿſڣû뵽ôϦȻݡļſڣ
Ϧôˣݡû뵽ϦȻһԼæܹȥϦղûҳɹ
ݡĽŲͻȻڰ·ͣ£ΪϦȻһģһ˸һȻϦĸս
򡭡򳤣ݡæʺ״˿һԼҵν¡
սһȻŶ˶Ƥһ˿̫ȻЦݣǺǣҪôˣҶϤˣ㻹ǽɣ
ݡһ˼̧ͷһսȻתϦڿԷԼ͵Цʱݡƺʲôæͷ˵
ǣ壡
սЦŵͷղݡĲٿۿˣ֮ǰԼ˵ģ뵽ݡȻпܳΪһʦԼ֮ǰȻǣսоһɬҺԼûһٴ


һٶʮ ̶Ϣ
ò˵Ļãǣû뵽սȻһʹŮ˹
Ҳȷһ٣ҲΪ˵ΪǨŭҡ֮սˣһ˸ղݡһٿؽҵ顣
κε֤Чһ˲䣬ս֪ûƭԼԶݡ̬ȻһһٰʮȵĴת䡣
Ȼݡӵпѧϰ޵˿ȻսĶ֣սȻʮڴѡ˶ݡ̬ȸı䣬˵ڶģǲò˵ôȷѡʵܹһ֮սȻǸġ
ʦҪĸӵѣȻÿһڻٵĶӵܹɹ߶Ϊõ֮٣˵Դ߶޵ˣ˵ǴɳҲΪһٸжһһ˿ӵʸ
ʦͬ޻ԪޣʦͬΪʮʦͨ򵥵Ĳٿؾİ˼żȭʦԿЩǿ˿ֱ۷ȭʦԿԽʦĵȼʵǲϷʵķԾ
ʣսһ㣬ݡԺ߱Ǳһܵݡʾá
˿ĵĽ̸ݡϦҸЦݣЦЦ˵ݡԺĳɾСϺǸǿʱսѾͬ˵顣
ʵսݡûʲôУֻݡûκӵʣԲһֱͬһڣݡһզеĽӣսȻǲڷ֮ǰ顣
֪λֵܴһ˵Ĳˣս˸ɽ⳶ϡ
ʵսĵĻʵԼкαЩսġ
սȴ𾪵ʵıһһ𾪵˵ĳһĹӸ硣
ڰ֣ЩɲصģǾѣֻһĴеĿߣʵϺܿҾҪ뿪ˣԲвκһˣ
һ۾ͿԼĵģսɫһ죬ĺ뾪ȴٴμһ㡣
ĻǴ·ʽ𶼲̫һʮꡣ
뻹ǽеľ˺þõ˳ʵһˣ֪Сϵ˼ûУ
ս۾һʵֵ֪ܴˣΪС򳤻ϵİҶӦ˽⣡
ͷһԼϹŵҲԼ̶ΨһļˣϴηֱʱѾȥһ̶֪࣬ȥ
ҪҵһŮʮ߲꣬࣬ʮƯͷֽ̣ݡ۾һ㶣תƵϣ˽̵ģĵһͺݡ̹
սüϸһεҡҡͷܱǸûκεӡˣҿϴһ£
ʵҲûбϣϵı΢һ£һͶлˣ
Ӧõģ
սһ֣ܿ˽ҵǸܼңսڶԷС˼䣬ȻԷͷȥ
ԭδκεϣû뵽һ쾹ȻٴθһϲһʱܼҾʹ˽
򳤣ƺү˵λܼҹ˵Ϊݣֻܹ֮Ϊү
ȻӵһĿƵĶǰˣģļ̶
ܼҽһһŮԼʮ⾰֮ŵҪټЩıʣ˾Ȼһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôվԭصͷ֪˵Щʲô
ش𣡡һԵս˵
򳤾ȻŭˣŵһƨɶڵϸӲ˵
ȵȣͻȻһ֣ʾսҪȻ󻺻ضӣǰˣҲһ˿Цݡ
ǲú£ֻһˣ˵ǼҪҵˣҲǴһ£Ǻúһ£ǲȷʵҪҵŮ
ƽĻڵϵ˵΢̧ͷһǰ㣬ʮ꣬һĨɻ󣬸ղĶ򳤽ƺҴ˿̻ЦĿߡ
˦˦ԴԺе뷨˦ȥ˲ſʼش⡣
ǼλƯŮȷܵĺ񣬵ȴ޷ȷǲͬһˣ
üͷ룬ͻȻڽǺúһ£λŮǲϴһɫħ
һԵ۾һûȷһɫħˮԵħɣ֮ԼǵôΪʱŮҵСʱǡÿǴ佱˵ʮֺÿʮֳʣŮʱЦŸ˵һʮҪ
һһ̶ûˣ벻ﾹȻĴ̶ϢԼڶԷʮҪˡ
һůǲԾĳһСɵĻȣϢ˰
ԸϸĽһµʱ𣿡ͻȻһ֣صʵ
˵ԼǰǰˣΪСϴδƯŮҵʱһ۾ʹˣΪŮ·Լ˵ϽŮʱһ
ͻȻЦһԵĸŮĴһ£˲ĻصһۣһڴĿŷִ˿̲ЦʱæЦݣһļ½
ΪԷƯѾ׵ʲҹȥôöӵкӡ󣬵ʱǸŮסޣסһȻĶžͼҴҵˣڸ·
üͷһ壬̶һҪȥĳһطɽС·ѡ
֪ȥ𣿡ͻȻʵ
û˼ٵĻصҿȥˣǵҾͲ֪ˣ
ͷǶʲôط
һսֱ˻شˣмǵС򣬲Ƚƶ񤣡ǰһƬԭ̣ʮǴ˻ԭĻ뿪˴ɽ붫һʿ
ʿ𣿡૵


һٶʮһ 
峿һ磬ʰʵҲûжֻݡĸִҪһЩ·ϳԣֲִֻýһ˵ĺ⡣
վСſڣѪħбһݡĸΪ׼һЩ·ϳԵķתһļˣЦЦ
λ͵ɣ
ݡдŲᣬǰעйˮ⼸ξУ𲻹ҵ˰飬ҵ˶ԺȥϣһУǰԼСġ
ǸмѾܹԼжĸ飬Լ˸мȴʲôҲܹṩԷ
ʦݡһеˮ
ЦŰڰ֣ݡ磬Ǻ㽲𣿲Ҫٽʦˣֻǽһ򵥵˼·Ժôȥ߻ҪŬˣ
ݡȴҡҡͷִĿ𣬡ʦǱҪеģΪ㲻֪Ҷδҵ˷򣬻ҺϦߵһ𣬲Ժߵ㶼ݡʦ
аɣȻĻ»г֮飡ϦҲЦ˵
ֻεĵͷһԵս˵ݡľʮǿܹרźúһµĻպĳɾͲССвûרŽ̵޵ĵʦҽպݡȥϵͳѧϰ
սͷģЩԺһᰲŵģ
ͷӻͳһǳɫħЦŽϦС
Ϧ㣬ݡĻûлϻףˣһˮԵħˣ͵Ҹ˵ĽɣЯŮӱƤ⻬ۣפŲСĺô
Ϧһ˿ϲ⣬оܾˡ
ʵ̫ˣҲգʵǵİѾǸмˣ
ЦЦһһ룬ҺݡʶҴݡƸɣ
⡭ϦЩΪѵ̧ͷݡ
°ɣʦһƬ⣡ݡЦŵͷ
ݡͬ⣬ϦЦŽӹе·ʯһħˣаŰ֡
ЦЦ˸λǾʹ˱Եټģ
˵ӻ֣תŶߵС·뿪ˡ
ݡϦһֻԭӰʧԶԸջߣ
ҲûȥˣϦȸһؼҰɣݡҲһסɣսƽ˵ѾݡΪŮʵ
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򳤣սͻȻɫŹֵĶݡһĨĪζʵݡ˼֮ͥ⣬ƷȻû˵ݡսвٺøеġ
ѽݡһԵϦæһݡ䣬ݡʹһɫ
ôϦ۾𣿡ݡЩֵʵ
ˣֱǿľͷϦεһţߵֲԷ
еϲСˣսͻȻһĵЦ
ԶȥӰݡս˫ȭǰδеļᶨ
ʦݶһỹã

մսõϢ뿪ɽС֮һ·ǰ˼ƫƧСɽ·֮뿪˼ɽСķΧ
վ·̧ͷȥѾɽӰԼѾ߳ȥԶľˡ
һԵɽϢʼϵĶ˼򵥵Ȼվһ
Ҫ͸ķ棬ճ·ϢڳԷܹУȻǵ֮ǰԼĵʥ߿޵ľ顣
ȻǷ棬ǾʹڿʼɣȻתһһһ˸߽׳ľ޴ʯǰ
ʯĽΣٵýǧһµУһ¶ڿС
ˣ
ƺСʮֵ⣬ʯǰôĳһ̲ͻȻվʯǰһȻͻȻһ˫ֱסʯԵǡ
һŭԭڵ˿ľ޴ʯ˿̾ȻԼ¶ķ֮һʱԭڵά˹ʯһӸ˳
ϸļһʯͷĴСϵıʮ⣬һʯͷʮַڵԼޡ
ʯ˫ֱһ˿ڣٴοʼ
˵ȻһȻһ޴ʯǰȥھʯ̫û½һζڵϲһĽӡ
ǾͿһʯ鲻ǰɱǳһһ·ǰĽӡֻΧûˣһĻ


һٶʮ ɱ¾
ɽҰУ˿ڵĻͻᾪȵķǰԶɽϣһ޴ɽڷٵƶͨ˼Ļ»ᱻֱŵ̱
𶼲֪Լ˶ãֻǸоֻҪ廹ԾҪϵǰܣĿޣȫϵļ֣ȻսԼĳܼޣıܣֻԼǱܲŻ᲻ϵıѹե
һֺʱΪԼѾˣȫѾ۵ļѣڼһſ£ǿչֳԼ޷Ǳܡ
֮ǰķٱܣڵһǰһֱδеľʯ֪ԼѾҪﵽˣҧһǰ
ȵӳϣʹǺˮ˳ղϵµ䣬䵽Ȼ̾ͻӷɲˡ
ÿǰһϾͻһĽӡе˿ԼСȷ·ˮһ㣬ԼĿƣϵĴ·ʱϵ
ʯӴĵطѾĥƤѪ͸Ƥ˳ڸѾɰͰ͵ճ·ϣʮܣټÿһʯĦһʹĸоܡ
ȫ´ʹʱ޿̲ĥģټƣУѾȵɹֻоһƬͷͣ·ʱᵹ¡
ͻȻֹͣڵĴǻ·һ㲻ϵţδеԭ˵󣬱ϵʯ·ڲϵһ㣬оȫڲϵıեɡ
ҡܹ£ҧ˵ܹǰڤڡԲڶŰɡһȭͷ㡭ǼڸǵĴһ󣡡

ͻȻһȻٴμѵ˵һڶ·ǳӤһ㲻ϵļѵĻǰ

ưܵĴӣŨŨŻᣬĴŵʬ壬еһжʾ˵Ĵ˺ֲҾ徵ĲҰ
Ѿϣ˿żʬ壬ûһʬ嶼ûд·״òݡ˵˫ֱذ׺ݺݵضУǱͱˣӶ˳ɼϵǻδɵѪ
һ㳡УʮɫɷΧһ׵죬һԵĻԻһͷţţտϵ죬һζƮԺϿգΧʬγĶԱȡ
Ժӵ룬һϻżˣÿһ˵϶˺ۣذϱ۾֪ǻ
ڣڻԵһΧһƤվĴһԵгһȼյһԱŵļȥϴһĨЦ
˼ǰ˺ԥĽȼյľݺݵͱһ˵ؿڣʱƤȼյ졣

һѾԵٴαʹѣЩĿһǰˡ
ǺǣͷͦӲû뵽ⶼûŪ㣡ЦһֽѾϨľӵ
ٺ٣ӶԷأһԵļλͬͻȻЦһϷ顣
ޣϹӲܿҾͻģݺݵһĭȻһԵûУϽ
ˣ
źһӴӷһ˳һһϵſӣϴű̬Цݣٺ٣̫ˬˣ
ģôãôܸôãĲ˺üΰɣĺ
ٺ٣㲻֪ǸӺңƴƷһ˵ʱ䣬㿴ϣȫǱ˵ģ
˵ߵһԵЦ˵ٺ٣û뵽湻ζ
ЩһⱨӦģĿĴʵѾˣЩ˳һ̾;ˡ
ߣⱨӦҾⱨӦ֮ǰⱨӦͻȻ׵䣬һԵϻŲʵ飬Դȴش
ϴǴӵŮǵңЩȻһĲ뷴ǣھ³ýǴӳɱӺԺҵҪǸӻҷ˫
ŲڼǰȥһŰ裬ǰʣŵˣһˣһ긾Ů
۾һԵĸŮɨͻȻһĨаȵЦݣģŮ׸ϴӾͳŮװɣ
˵㿪ʼֽֿӣһȲӡ
ݣ㲻ǰɣ׼Ժи㣿
Ŀ㣿Ҫϻȥϴظأ
Ժе༸ֵĴÿһ˶һһ֪һЩɱ˲գ۵Ļɫ
ۣ
ֵʱͻȻһԴһƺʮʶתȥȴľһĻ
ֻһѺɫľ޵ӵؿڴݺݵضһԵϣǰ۾ţӸս⵽һ룬һĲ˼飬֪֪ʲô顣
һߣԭվڵԵ˿Ѿŵ̱ڵϣ˫ĿԲͳôģ·ǿʲô˼һ㣬ղŷһ˻Ƶ
еˣ


һٶʮ ŭ
ưܵԺУðŹŨ̵ķᣬߺ˵ʬ壬ԼĻ˿еһëȻ

֪˭һҺΧĻԵ쳣Ĵ̶ԭļ˴˿̶Ҷһ£ÿһ˶·Ǳԭеƶԭһ
ϵ亹صڵϣ˾׵Ļܹˮ
Сеˣ
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ղվڵ󣬺ڵ͸ʱ򣬿ԣܹоϢ
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׼ս
ڣ˿ʼӦк·Ҫеļȿ־
ʮ̻ҵĶеĶץһԵıЩŵɨܡ
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һ֮ȴķܸûˣ·Ǳһѵһ
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һһǸûʸ񣡡
£ʮüŵɨܡ
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ͻȻ˴һ˳Ŵ˵ĺڷֲԶԺӵ·ڴһ΢ЩģĺɫӰس˵ҰС
ΪΧ֣ԴҿԷòǶԷÿһᷢһĽŲ
Ųĵһÿһ˵죬ÿһ˵·𶼸ŽŲһĲ·ڸٽ
ѾǺˮеİȫʱһݣĵһ£Զľ뾹Ȼôһʮ־׼ĽҪ뾫׼Ŀ
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ز֮£͸н췣ʶȻۣе
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𻺻ؾ˫֣ϵͻȻˢˢȫնŹķ˿һ۶ͷƤ顣
Сǿ˫ˣҶ֣ϴǲŹģ
ٴοһĻ˱ܱߴ󺰴УǰһѾ׵ĵ߸ǵۣ˵Ѿױ߱
ûԷĺУ˫һеͻȻĳһȻ˫ֵʱеͻȻ˷ȥ

һͻȻͬʱ𣬸ղӴܵȫ˵ϣֱӴ͸
Էһ۵ȤûУɨһԺӣŵ״ҵʬ壬ǳ˳һҵͻȻ
Ǹ׵̫ˣ
ս˫ȭһ˿Щ˸磬ȻὫǵ
ŵǰӵϰγѪħڶԷ·ϲøɾȻתϵ˲Ẕ̇ڵϡ
ѪħڱȻŶȥ˷һԵϡ
۾ʱ˺ԵһЩŵ㡭˭
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ѣѰɲҪңͻȻץסһԵλ긾ŮĽкǵǡ
긾Ůڻ۾ǰ˵òʱͻȻһ۵һסԷĲ˫һš
ûˣûˣЩѾȫɱˣǻˣ˱˵ĴŶԷļֻǻȻһĨĲ
վ߽һԵķУгһɴ̱ǵζһԵĵһӵʬ壬ý̴˶ӶĴһҵ긾ŮŮңϵ·ѾһĲмƺСĲϡ
ŮҲѾˣ۾ɴĲʣгԹץҧۣɼǧҵ
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һֻĽԷ۾ϣһһʮֻ˵İɣǵĳҶǱģ
Է۾ϣת뿪˷䣬ԭУѾ˹֣Щĵıһ
˭ģ﷢ʲô飿ɫ䣬δҪɱˡ
ǡɱЩˣЩֵʵʵǵͱŵòܹڳκεĴ̼ˡ
ͷٴʵЩһЩʲôˣ
˭֪һǸ긾ŮͻȻһץסĴȣǱĺ㣬ȾŮɣŮЩץȥˣ㣬һҪȾ
ӽԷż˵׷ʲô飡ȸҽһ£ܲܰʲôæ
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һٶʮ ˫
˫߻صһȽĵһΪĵҪΧ̣ȥûκεĺۼ
ΪһİɳռƬɽΧٴŷɥȴ޿κΣΪԹŻɽһ·ҪƬɽƬԼʮ׵ĵ򴩹Χȫǳɽ룬
Ҳ˫Ű裬ǳռɽͷΨһĵ·ùؿÿһҪ˱ͷ˰ȻԹԵʵۡ
ɽϵһŽ˫ڵأΧĴվڵĹؿ͹㳡ػصȺԿɵ

˫´ƽʱǰҪش¼ڣյĴֻĸڴˣԵÿյġ
λϵһλ΢ֵˣԴͷḷ́ܶǴһ𣬶ͷһ̺һһֻӵ۽ǣ˵һĨ
һɵĿӣϰֻһģ첲¶ļһͻ޴ʾųǿı
ڴֵˣһģˣ׳˶һףӶλʮֵ𾴡
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׵ڿڳʵͳһڴ
׵һ׳ͻȻվһȭѾڿһ룬ƺЩ̫ˣץ׳ʱ̫࣡
˫İüͷʱһץ˶׳ˣ
һǹΧļӹץ׳˰ʮˣڳȥ;ˣԭȾеģѾˣ⼸ΪҪϽ̣˶ֲסһƬģĺܿ죡
˵ͷȷΪ˽̣ӰӵĹȫǵУЩͬɻûʲô
ҪҪȥΧץ½ԽԽ٣
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뵽ҷ·𿴵δõӣ˶һۣͻȻЦ˴¶һЦݡ
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ţ׿ȥֳһ£һ֪ͨң
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Ųͣ£һǰ罣һ㴹ֱɽ壬һпȻǹ񹤣ֱı˫嵹Ҳʵ顣
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૵˵ǰ۾ȴϸΧĻɨšĴĵƻȫεؼԼС
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վסһͻȻߺȵȻһԵĲгȻ´һ޵һڽеĹƤµȻЦſڽ
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ϲɫ̧ͷȵʵôࣿûʮң
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ŶԷһû뵽ôʣһͻȻ¶һ˿ЦǾҪûˣ˫壬˫壬ѵû˵˼ǣҪһͨ˵أǾ
˵һ֣Χ͹עߵΧ£


һٶʮ 
˫壿
Цһһһ˲ĵطأҵҪĵôһȺûԵļһ
ԷЦһȻǹҲİСӣǲٳëŸӺأ
һ仰ΧһЦԣȺһｫ𵱳һͨ꣬ûнУ⼸ûиս˫ȨˣЩȨµˡ
ৣ
δ˷ӦȴͻȻղŻŵЦǸԴͻȻ𣬲Ȫһ㣬ѪҺͻȻӿһ˲䷢ϵЦݣͻȻǰľ󣬷·Ǳס˲һЦһЦͻȻסϵı̱˾
ûԴ廹ڲϵӿѪҺʮֵĹ죬һ㱡Ѫ
飡
һ˵𾪣תһԿȥ˲ŷ֣ԭǸղųͷ­ڵڵϣǸһԴ֮ǰŵı飬ûзͱ˼ȡԴ
ͻȻеһ־ĵӣٴοԭԼͬĵ֪ʲôʱѾУϻڻصѪˮ
㡭㡭ɱˣ
ܲס־壬һֵĵ𺰵ʵϸղûп𵽵ôģֻǿԼͬԴ
ˣֻͶ̥ϣ±ӿˣĽΪղſýϻǷɽ˲ѪΣ˿Щֲ
ɱɱ
ͻȻһһ֣Ȼ󼸸̳ȥ
ۣۣ
ۣۣ
δ˵οȴǰˣһӰٵӹÿһ˵ߣ̶̵ļӱ㴩ȺվȺ˵
̧ͷһɽϵĽеĵһӣ˵ϣȻǰȥʼûڻͷ⼸һۡ
ۣ
δ߳ʮͻȻһ˵ȻȻؿѪҺ·ΪӭһΧļҲӶը죬ȫѪȻ󼸸ˢˢĵ˵ϣÿһ˵ȫž˼ı顣
ɽʯף𻺲ǰһһɽһ㣬ƺΧľɫȤǵͷרעʵǡ
ʵǵɽʱͱɽվڵ˷ˣܿܳһȺˣһʱԵķһ
ιߺˣһ˴ĺ
ûԷǵͷרעŽµ̨ףһʵǡ
ιСӣﲻӦĵطϽ˻ȥĻҲˣͻȻٴδϧȻδᡣ
ģ
ͻȻ˺Ȼ̶һԴ˼䣬ܿʮվ̨׵Ķ׼á
һλᣡߺˣ
ûκηӦɫЩ任оЩΣһ̧֣Ȼ͵ػ£䣡
ʮֺԥͬʱ䣬ʸһһĳȥ
˵ϴЦƽʱɱ˶˵ϡƽ飬Ѿ·ܹѵ
˫Ƭֻһأ˫ȨߣǾֻһ֡ɱ
ϴЦϾĵȴѵǽ״ȴ𾪵Ŵ͡
ֻʮ֧ʸڼʱͻȻ˲ͣס·䵽ϣڿֹͣǰôͣڿУֳһֹص״̬
ôܣЩȷŵŴͣĿɿڴעǰһУ˶еԼˣô۾ǰһжǣЩģ
ˣ֪˭ͻȻС˵
ڣȺ˵ĿɿڴУһλ̧ͷݺ˲ٴξһ
ᣡ
ÿһеĵһͷ
ɨһۣͻȻһ̧֣˵ע£һתеļʸͻȻȫ˲ת˷˲䳯ʯϷȺ
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˲о˽ˣϧǷӦˣΪʱѾˣ
һƣļʸ·һ㣬Ȼգ˲δ˷ӦʸѾݺݵΧļС
ۣۣ

ּͽʮˣ˴˿̲ŸоЩٴοʱ񶼱òһˡ
еϮ
ͻȻһ̺п־ź˲𣬽һ˲䣬ɽ˷ӿһƬĳԱ


һٶʮ ɱ
ǲӣʹ˷ӿʮ˵Ķ飬ɽ·Χ˸ˮйͨ
̧ͷһ۽ǼӵʱͱΧ£ˮй̨ͨףϵıûκεı仯Ųһ̨ףȻ󻺻ͣ£עϷˡ
˲䣬˾Ѿ֪˸ղŵ׷ʲô飬ȻǴԼߵ˿дģǵҿòʱǱܵ¶һ˿ɡ
ô꣬˵Ǹֲĸ
˫ӳѦ֪Ǻˣ˫ν£
Ⱥһ˻߳һȭ˵صĸȻ׵ҪľǵԼ˫ϵĿġ
Ƶ˵ϣƽ˵֮Уɱˣ
Ѧɫһһ˿ŭʲôʱ˵˫˽Ѧסٴγʵ
֪Һˣ˭У˵һᣡ
ͻȻʵ˫
ǣ
ǾûҴ
ʹѦٺõƢ˿ҲЩŭˣһСԼ˶굱ôµ˿ӣѦʮֲˬɫҲû֮ǰĿ
Цݣɫͳʵô˵Ҳˣ
˵ģЩץˣûԷ̬ת䣬˵
ѦɫһͣܿͷӦһĨЦ˵أԭЩĴİ֣ǵ۹ǲҲ̫ˣȻһëͷС
һЦŰϰߵɽôܻὫһС
Ȼ㲻ϾͷôֻýˣѦЦһͻȻ˫һӡ
£
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Ѧһ£ΧȺ̱һУһȺ߰ĳȻ֮ǰıЩˣǿվǺӣѵܹеù˶˵Ĳ׽
̧ͷ侲Ŀһ۴ʯҺĳȺҡҡͷ
ѵã꼻ߣצʧߣȣʱȴ
ȻǲԸ˶ѡҾ쳬ǰɣ
˵꣬ͻȻ˫һץǰ˵ܵʲôǣһ㣬ٵڿն㵸ĳȥ
һ˫ֿס˵Ĳ˱ĺȻɫɨһۣ˫һתһ۶ϵ졣
˫ùеȥ̱ڵϵʬ壬ͻȻŭһʯϵȺХȥ
һԵȵսҲһ̺˷ŭɱ¾δйҪɱˣǰЩ˸Գ֮Ϊˣɱӣ˱Ӧµ
ۣۣ
˫Էؿڣ˫һתڶԷһתȻ󽫶Էڵٽϡá
ͷ·һ̨͵ĽݺݵؿȺУǿĶ˲ͻᱻȥϸ첲ȣЩûκεͬĿԣҪǳһ±ɱ֮˵ʹࡣ
һȺһѪ·Ȼ󻺻ǰ̨ߺ˹յʬ塣

ڣ˫İλģСĽ̸ʲôͻȻԺеһţδܽ
ɽһİˣɽһ·˾ɱǵĵִ󲿷˶Ѿȥˣ
˫İüͷһ壬ԷǸʲôˣ
ݲһ꣬ҲʮߣԷڿǷŵɽץЩ׳
үΪɽµЩӦЩİ֣ģ侲ķ
ôүʵһʮȺﾹȻץס
һ˿־壬æĻظѦӳֳǵֵȥһ󲿷֣ǸǸһЩ֣Ѿвٵĵȫˡ
ģһȺүͻȻһȭӳǰͻȻڷɶȻ󱻺˳ȥ
үȲҪҸоЩΣǵĵǸǺ֣඼߼ȭʦ˾żȭʦҲûУȻԷǾֻܹ˵һ⣡
ү۾һ㶣üͷ˵˼ǸһﾹȻǸߣ
˵ͷ¼пģԷʵӦòǺܴ󣡡
үͷʮͬԷĻãȥһҵҪʲôﾹȻ˫£
˸׼ʱͻȻһ˻Żŵĳ˽ȫԥٶ̫һƨˤڵء
үһ˿ŭ⣬ǳ⣬ǰ֮˵һ仰ûү̳˿ϲ
үͨˣǡǸҪˣ


һٶʮ ȫ
㡭˵ʲô
үͻȻ¶ϲĴλվʵ
ͨˣүͨˣֻǡǡǸҪˣû뵽Ȼ˼æղŵľһ顣
׿ӳղŴǽɽ̽ǸոսȥһԭһλͨһĶڣӳȭ˭룬һȭȻһǽѾˣҪҵĶ档
̫ˣүͻȻһȭͷټ֣һҪŪ֣
ǡүô죿ģͻȻʵ
Ȼ滹һ鷳СӣүһԴŭĺ
Ĺ̳һȥСӸץץľץģץɱ˱ǣ
ǣһȭȻת뿪ˡ
ߣȴ˼꣬αҪɹүͻȻһ֣ȻԵתźɽȥ

һ̨ףһе˫ղŵһսе˫Ѿ˾С
һʯϺ˵ʬ壬ԼʧʹĶ֣ɫƽת˳С·ԶĽȥ
ƹһ߳С֣Ȼٴξ̳һ㳡⴦㳡ΧһȺˣǳһСɵĻȡ
ѹûԭȫˣ
һȺ˻Ķеȫս׼ƺֻҪϴһ£ЩʱһϣȻ⽴
Ⱥ߳һˣ֮ǰ뻢үڴн̸λ´һһ˿ȣȻйƣǿ˵ʱ򣬻Ǳòеȡ
㵹ǳţ»һ˵ǹƥĳ˫ʲôط
ЩɽץĴ񣡡ɨһ۶Էܹϸܵһ˿ΣգҲý
Ŷ㻹ɽµĴİ֣Ϊһ˾ܹԽȳЩҵ㣬Щ˾ɽУҪǳҪûˣ
ɨһ۹㳡еˣؽе˫ӵϣȻӱѪħظŵרע
ѣһе
Ĺɫһ˫һӣ£
վһȲͻȻһϣӶеҪڡ
𻺻ظŵĳһͻȻ˫յŵ͵һϵͻȻεضһȺм䡣
ۣۣۣ
ѵź⣬˻δӦ£˲䴩͸ˣһ˵ࡣ
һȺ˴󺧣δӦѾȺѪħѹݺݵһǰ֮˷գݺݵˤԶĵϣû˶
ĹɫĿȺһҶ۳˴У˫ֱӽ𳹵׵İΧ·ʱᱻΧ˺ѳƬ
ԭԤ鲢ûзȺİΧ£·ǲ֪ƣսʿһ㣬ȻԽսԽ£̶˲䣬ϾѾһƬ
ĹɫͻȻüѿĳһ˫ͻȻһȵ棬ĳȺȭͷӱı
ں޷״£˱ײ˳ȥڵһȻٺʮſͣסѪħǱײɵһԡ
ת۾ĶŴӱ͵ϮԼĹһĨм
벻㾹ȻһԪʦСʵ;ȻߣȻ츳Ҿͻ֪һǶôĴ󣡡
õǵѪ˶첲ܵϴĸоĵһ˿ɱ⡣
ûκεżһ棬ȭĹȥĿǰֱ֪֮ӽһʱһãԼֻԽԽ⡣
飡
һĹûжЦһֵֽסȭͷȻ͵ĳһת
оһʹоһԼǿ˲һȼ
ԥĳųŶԷؿȥĹһһתȻһֻ֣Ĺȥ
ߣ
Ĺһһб˲ൽһԣͬʱһֻȭ
飡
˵ȭͷݺݵײһ𲻽ˣ͵üڶԷؿڣһֿ˵ԡ
Ĺ˦˦ĶǳһĨЦһԪʦ
̧ͷŶԷûκα仯һ˶Էʵ
Ԫʦ


һٶʮ Ծ
̽ʵ֮Ĺĵһڿʱû֮ǰӡ
һԵнӹһѽЦЦ𣬡벻ȻܹԪʦĹϲǶɱţԽ㣬ܲң
˦˦첲첲еи˦ȥȻһУԶϵѪħͻȻɻУҡˣڿк죬ͻȻ¶һ˿Цݡ
෴ϲԽնɱ֣ģ
Сӣҽץס㻹ţĹЦһû˵ϻʣȻ󼸸Ӿͳȥ
ÿ죡
ֻоǰһԷξѾǰƾΣյĸֵֵ֪
飡
һһݺݵײһ𣬼ҵĻ䣬˵һ
СӣҪƴǲܻʤŶԡʲô㻹ȫʩչɣ
˵Ĺ˫һƣ󼸸շ˳ȥʮȻסΣɫ侲Ķǰĵˡ
ʧģ
˵󣬱㿪ʼڵԪ˲һֵֻ˳׵Ľɫһ˿˿֮˸һʱᱬըӡ
ûиԷκεĻᣬһȭȭХ쳹㳡ȭһ޴Ľɫȭӡȭӡ־ͺݺݵسһԵĹײȥ
׻
Ȼеŵ
ȭӡĹЦһͻȻ˫һתһ޴Ԫų֣Ȼܿ죬Ĺ˫Ԫ˲ͱŪһƵ״
˲䣬˵ʽײһ
޴ȭӡײԪϾȻûκε죬ͷ·Ǵһ޻һá
üͷһ壬ȭӡȻԪںϣͻȻ͵һƣұ
䣡
ıըĹûκεķ£ȭӡըֱӴѾںϵƽ⣬ĹеһŲ˲䱻ȼ޴ı쳹գĹ˵ҲΪûǰע⣬ܵһ˿
һ·ĹͻȻ׵ıñ
Ѿ˼ŭˣԭ棬ڿûǸҪˣ
˵ĹͻȻеıһָȻȫ޷ԶΧ˵ע£ξȻ軺Ư
Է˫žȻأ۾ͫһһ˿ȣ⻹һμԪʦȻԲκεƯ
еľȣĹǳһĨЦĳһ߶֮ͻȻֹͣȻ˵βκεԭء
ĳһ̣ĹϵȻʼϵʹ󣬾ͷ·ǲϵĳһ㣬죬˵ıҲ쳣Ͼ
֪Էһ׼ĳһֹһеѪħҲʼĵеԪ׼һ
˶ûѡ񹥻Χ˫ĳԱһվһʱ̹עһߣ˵ڵսѾܹμӵġ
ȵĳһ̣еĹͻȻ۾ʳָָ£ȻڽĻһԭƽƽĽȻʼһ˿Ŀ⡣
ߣСӣˣ
ĹͻȻһ·ڱĿĬЦͻȻһӣ˸ĽȻڿϳһĲӰʮֵƯ
֮֮У
Ĺĺ£ͻȻгһԼ׵ɿγɵķУȻݺݵس
Ȼ۾ƺǲûзֶԷĹеԼǰʱȻһһ㣬ֱһԵһϣֱϿһָĺۼ
һδУĹƺδ⣬ٴ˫սȻĸ򻮹жʱĵС
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ĵεռĸ򣬽ܶļȫضĸӴƺҪܵ
һҵҪܹӣĹһȻЦĿ
̧ͷһ۴ĸĵУȻĵнԼȥ·ȫĶˣƺδţ̧˫֣Ѫħ˵ʵ˲ƺĳֱ仯
Ѫħ޴ĵӳ¸Եĳ˽Уĳһ̣һľ⻮ŵ˲ɾ
ŭƣ
˫ֺݺݵػ£һԼʮ׵ľ޴͸Ȼг֣ûκλڵУ콵һݺݵ£Ӵĵ˲佫һû
䣡
һ޴ıը˲ԭõĵͻȻһ޴ѺۣȻϵʯ˲䱻ѹե˷ĩȻԱʯĭ˲佫㳡û˵߶赲¡
ϵĴǰһ˶˲Χĳȫ쳤˲۾пȥǶ֪εĶ˭Ӯˣ
ͻȻһӰ΢ЩǱӳһֵˣ̱һ
ǡңӮˣ


һʮ ɱ
һǱĹ˶鲻Խһ벻ⳡսȻǱ̶ֳȡ
˲üϵƣĹȳһԵпȥŨҵĳΧ㳡ȫסˣκεӰ
ԭһʯĵ棬˿һԼ׵Ĺֳڹ㳡룬һѺһ㳯˷ӣ㳡ڸղŵսƻĲˡ
һӦ˰ɣ
૵Ĺҡҡͷû뵽ԼȻᱻһһԪʦǱҺǸһﻹǱԼˣ뵽ĹϲһĨЦ
žžž
ͻȻһĽŲڰĹ㳡˰ĻԵ쳣
ʲôĹʮֲõü
Χȫ֪룬е̧ͷһԵĳпȥ
ȻʲôĹͻȻŤתԴͶһԵУһ˿õԤС
žž
ŲԽԽȻ˵ע£һ΢ЩõӰڴҵҰУһӰȫһ
ȻûĹ૵һ˿
ӰԽԽڣδس˵ҰУϸɾûܵκ˺ӣҲٴεһ
ԭڸղŵĴըռϷ磡

ĹһŭͻȻٴξеı׼һٽ¡
̧ͷɨһ۶ԷͻȻһ֣Χϵ˲ȫˢˢĶ׼˶ļһ
ĹһǰһĻһ㶣Ǻܿɫ䣬г˲˼顣
㡭Ǿʦ
ˣûн
ͻȻ¶һ˿ЦݣڵĴһ޺ı飬ڱ˵ȴͶħ졣
˫һӣе·ǳ۾һȫĹȥ
ߣ
ĹһͻȻ˫һӣһӹжͣһ콣һա
֮ҫագ
Ľһռգþٿص˲䷢ײƹƹҵڶ˴۾ǣٿصȻȫϣɼԷжҪ֮ǰʩչҲһ׹ĻһεĶˡ
ŲϵƬڵϣüͷȥԼҪ䣬ϾԪʦʵԼϾһĲࡣ
Ҫսپˣбλ˫İ֪Ǻʵ
뵽˲˶ͻȻһתеȫԷŶԷæ赲Ŀյʼ׼Լɱﵡ
ٴλӶ˫֣ǰļϣĹһԶһ뵽һھʦոţȻĻҸĶ֣
뵽˫һ꣬ҶԷһԪ˫ޣĹƤһ󶶶һպ˫˵Զһ޾ը
ӣã
뷨ĹͻȻһӱһ޴ĳԼ׵ĳлӳбųײȥǱлУ˿»˲䱻롣
רעеĽӡ̧ͷһԼʻľ޴УԼڷкĹɫȵԷԼľ벻ʮ׵ʱͻȻֹͣ˽ӡ˫ͻȻץסѪħȻӳ
߱

˲䣬һ޴ĻȻ֣Ӵ˲ռ㳡һ־ͺХųĹȥܿеľ޴ײ
䣡
пӴĻϽһ𻨣ȻʧӰ٣Ĺɫһ䣬û뵽ԼȫһȻ顣
û룬ǰĻĹͻȻȫʣԪĻۣڻ֮ǰԼǰγһ޴Ķ״Ԫ

ԷʩչԪܣȻӻһХδȶԷӦ˺£ѾХӴݺݵײĹǰġԪܡϣ
䣡
һԭӴԴݺݵײĹʩչԪϣԪܽһ󲨶ƺδܵƻĺۼĹͻȻ¶һ˿ϲı飬һԼסˡ
ǻδһ꣬ǰһг׵ĵ߸ֻǣֱӻײԪϺ󣬾ȻſѪںݺݵҧסǰԪܣȻԪ˲һۿɼٶС
ǡܣôܻĹоӲǰԪ
ϧôά֣ǰԪջۿɼٶ˲Сĳһ̣ʧȥԪ֧˲ʧͻȻŭһݺݵײĹĿϡ
飡
һΣĹ˵ע˲ڷɣߵķһ䵽Զ


һʮһ ضѨ
߽ضŵǸ֪ǻĶң˺Ķһ£ȻݺݵһҺЩǰһС
ңһԪʦһȭɱˣ
ЩӦߴ͵תƵһԵϣԭ˿ûκ˸
˫ַϥǴڵĴ˼еȫһķƺʱҪεʹþ֮ĺ֢
ȫһѣԺһƬհףܲһܵԺͣƺеľա
ٴδڵ˼վȻ̧ͷһΧȺɨӹһȺʶԶһ˿̵ǵħ졣
ĹǰͷԷ˿̵Ĺȫ˿ڣؿλһȭͷ˿ڣѪɼϵѪˮŻڲ۾ſһۣ죬ȴһ仰δ
֪ˣԷתɨһԴ͵ˡ
ߣ˶鲻Խ˷ʩЩ֪Ŀ
ѪħĶǰЩˣٴƴ׼
ڣĳһһܲסѹֵķΧ˼ٴսѪħʱڳ׵ıһӽеӵȻѸٵܡ

˴ͷ˲һȺɢӣȫû˼ƴеԭ޵еĶҾȻһܣе˲䱻
һһǰһץס죬ʵץЩԹʲôط
ҡҲ֪
ԷЩֵĿ𣬴˿УһֲĶħ
͵ؽѪħڶԷĲϣ˵˵Դң
Էͷһ۲ϵѪħݺݵشһæ˫֣˵˵
ץȫںɽɽ
ɽʲô˼˵㣡Ժһ˿ɻ
ҡץˡȫںɽɽΪǰĹ涨ƺѰʲôǾʲôЩµȨ֪ģԷǺˮѾЩվסˡ
ǰʲôʵͻȻһҪ⡣
ǿߣ뵽ʵеһ㣬ǿͻȻһ˿ɱ⣬˲̱
һֱ֣һ̱ڵأŵòȥ
ûˣֱѪħȻתźɽȥ
ԪǿҲñ뽫Щ˸ȳ

ɽ
һʮεľ޴󶴿ںɽİɽ˫ĵڴ˴ŵԴ
ιֵܣ֪浽׷ʲô𣿡һЩʵ
Ѿȥʱֱڶûг
ƺͨʲôڴŵϢǡһͻȻʮصС˵ǴԶĴӶ½ϵʺĵطһ꣬Ϊľ
ٺ٣ǵϾҪ뿪ﷵض½ˣһ˷ܵʵǵĶ½ðλȥҿɲԸٻصʺĵط
ꡭСֵæȵ㲻ˣС
Ǽ˴һ˽˿̵ȫ֪ǵĶѨڽһغľ
˫ɽϵ⴦Ѩн׶һֱͨԼʮ׵ʱȫʧֱ£·һƬڣ浽硣
ֱټչʮ׺ǬһʮƽС͹㳡ҰУĵѾɽ£뼫п뵽硣
˿̵С㳡УڿԵĵطÿ׾һľţÿŵĺһĴԼʮƽСܱտռ䣬ЩСڣļһȺˣȫһήҵӣʬһվýռһȺѺķһ㡣
Щϵòÿһ˶һʮӣķµĹ㳡еǣϸ۲Ļͻ֣ܾᷢȻȫǹѺ˵Ρ
谵ĻѽµĹ㳡ӳյƮڹ㳡Եĳһλһʮ϶С·һֻӵԶĺڰУһƬĺڰǽڵԣһŻѣƮĻʹȵĹ߱ѣһʮֲֿĸо
ƮĻ磬˼ץļžںڰһͷͻȻһͷƤʹ


һʮ رѹ
ȣȣ
ȵ¶ȼ¿ռѹֵĲܺÿһӷ·Ҫʡ
һĵص磬һ޴ĺһռľ󲿷ֿռ䣬ֻƬʵĲǺˮǳȵҽ
ҽţƬӿȻƬصӪķ·һ޴ˮϵӿȻžһըѣ¶ͷƤ
ҽıԵһƬɽһͱڣ˿ЩǽͱһСͻȻһ·£ҽıԵشҲһһ˿С·С·һԲ׵ĵطǳȵҽ
˿̾С·ԼΧǽڵԣմˣЩȫ˫İڣЩӦ˵µĳȿ˲ֻʵ״̧̱
ү˿̾վһС·ıԵ˲ͬǣүϾȻûκεı仯ɫЩ죬ȴûκεĺˮһһԲϵϺˮγĶԱȡ
ƬҽλãһСɽһʯ飬ʯҷ崦һôɫֻϾȻûһƬҶͷ·һɫСһʯ̨Ȼһֻʯ̨ĶˣͻȻ䣬ļλãһǵһĻɫʵ档
ԼȭͷС̲ͨͬǣյͨѩףӨ񣬷·һ鴿ȻİһŮļƣ͸ѩףΧɫҽӳ£˸ĵĹʣ͸ӨǵԿǬ
ѩɫĹ澹ȻһСʺѪҺ壬ҺĺɫӨɫԵ쳣Ĺǡ
˿ڰߵȫضҽĳһλãһȺϵĴ𽥵Ŀ£ǵķĿȻǺʯ̨ϵǿֲ
˿̺ĵϷѾɹ˽ʮˣʮһСץ༸˵ƶ
үվһһĽضǰһУ򶨵ʵսѾǺˮ
ΨһһλᣬȴڵȵĳڣԴӴ峤õֱѾˣʱԸı̫飬ΪǸˣүδԼְڡ
ͳһ⸽еҵʮĳԱҲչڵĽ˵ĴͰɣȻ֮ãҰڲľ󲿷Ҳ֪Լʵݣǻүȴʱʱ̿ĵ׸ԼҪǴ˷
һΣڣȴڻ˽ֻҪԼܹɹõȻ֮׸ϲ㣬ʱԼڼеĵλһٴθһ¥
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뵽үٴκݺݵ߬ȭͷ
ڣһҲ˳Ĵ˹ȥȻǰ˱ס˫ȣϵ䣬һ㵴ȥ
˫̽ȥʯ̨ϵϧȴһξ룬ٴŬĳ˼Ȼʧܸա
Ǳ
үסˣźĵݴ
үһͷƤ飬òأֻӲͷƤϵٴαȥһأֻʣ±ץס˫š
Լ׵ҽϵ¹һһĭһҧֻüʯ̨ȥ
ֻϧ˼ƻǲһܹʯ̨˿ǰľ룬һҧݺݵؼٴʹ˹ȥֻϧһβ֪Ϊ󣬻ûץһ»ŵһԼĻûץֻץסһֻЬȻǸ˱ֱӵҽС

һȻ˵ע£˫ĵӱ㳹׵ıҽûˣʲôûʣ¡
ڲϵðݵҽˮ棬ȫ鲻ԽһҺǰ޴ҽһµʶ
үɫĿƣüͷƺڿǶԲߣķвͨҪһȫ֮ߡ
үϰɣһԵĺ׿ͻȻӧǵʵԶԿЩҽҿϰɣ
ү̧ͷһǰԼ£׿ҲǺԼǸطһģȻǼˣȴһֱ벻Լ¡
ү˰ΣյͷһԼ£Сĵ㣬ΪҪеĻ취
˻үĻ׿¶һ˿ǵͷһ׼ȥˡ
ڵµ˽ŵĹעźʯ̨ʱ˭ҲûзڶѨϿյڴһӰſڴ˴СĹע·ΡǺ˵ʮȥ˫Ա
һ۾Ϳҽʯ̨ȻҲǿʯ̨Ϸһֻǲǵʲô
ףǡرѹ
ͻȻԺһý


һʮ 汦
رѹ
üͷظʲô
ٺ٣Сӣû뵽ײȻֺöرѹǸöϴκ㽲ĻԪˣ
Ļ̼Ȥһ껯ԪݾѾ˵Ѱң벻رѹȻҪ仹Ҫ
ϸҲܹ⣬һڵصҽֲҿ˵ĸӣһ쳣
ŶʲôرѹʲôãԴ˷ܵʵ
ô㽲ءô˵ɣҲ֪һ껯Ԫݵûкֱ֢յʵرѹɾ͸ˣҪ֪һҪ׶ʮѵģΪһеķˮ룬ǿ߸ǿɼǲĽ׶Σܹﵽǿߵȴ֮٣˵һҲԣΪҪɹ׶ǿߣǹùͿԵģ滹Ҫ˵츳Ѿֻˣǿ߼һеľ޴ǵ󲿷һֻܹźֹ
üͷЩ⣬ףرѹʲôϵ
ٺ٣Ĺؼˣϣ֮治УؼܻŲٵ򣬶ЩܻһЩЩκ˵ǿģΪǵϡٶҹЧ棬ÿһεֶߵķӶᡣ
ǧٹ֣˽ܽˡ汦񡯣汦񹲷Ϊƹĸȼÿһȼϸĵȼ䣬˵ʮ汦ذʮ汦ʮ汦Ļưʮ汦һ鱦񣬾˵鱦Ϲһ鱦֮ǰ㽲ĻԪݽ鱦ϵһֲ鱦ڵʮߡ
ǰرѹǺڵذʮѾؼ䲻ɶõ鱦˵ڵҽһҪĻ²УɳĹЧɹͻʵļʣⶫ֮˰ɣ
۾ȤЩϢرѹĹЧʱ˲ÿϲѹֲסԼĸҪһԾȥ汦
鼤¿һۣԼ˲侲ˣȻֺöЩժߵĻǰװ˷ѣٺ٣Ҫһλȸˣ
һ˿ǽϺٺɵЦ·һ˲ɽ⵰Ҳѹ֣κһ˼ⶫ¶ѹֲסԼĵĿϲҪ֮ΪС
Щƺ֪汦ˣҿɽԾΪģҲһḶ́ѹǻΧĴץ˶׳ԭΪ
侲ķϸĹ۲һΧĻѿһɽֻǲ֪ΪɽȻ׵ķ˱仯Ȼص׵ҽҲΪѰֵرѹѶȡ
ô֪ﾹȻ汦أһ㲻ףɻ
Ҫ棡
ͻȻԺдһǳӳ˼оϲȻϽٴתͶ·
˿̵ĺ׿Ѿ˳Ŷϵ𽥵Ľӽҽʯ̨ߵļΪΪСÿһͻǽһѨȥȷİȫ
ڣ׿εʯ̨Ϸ˵ע£׿ʼòժ׼
˿ҽȫļֹͣ簲ʱ侲ֹû˽ȫҴĶźϷĺ׿·˿˾Լһ㡣
˵עº׿Ƚ£ȻԼεذϣȻʼ½ܿ˾ͳʯ̨Ϸһ״
Сһ㣬ҪǵߴӸ𣬲ҪٻκεĶȻĻͲñˣԶүͻȻϤү˶ܹ˿̻үĻﶼ˿Լֵô򶨡
׿ͷȻĽ⿪ʼ½˷·һ֩һ·ʯ̨£
ڣ׿γʯ̨ϿգǰĵرѹֿɵáСĴһԵĿڴͳһѰ߳ߣһʯ̨·ֲȥ
˿˵ȫҽʯ̨Ϸĺ׿ϣ˭Ҳûз֣ҽ·һ޴ĺɫӰĳʯ̨ٶԽԽ죬󼸺˲͵ʯ̨·
׿е߸ոҪӴֲĸͻȻؼһ޴˻Ȼ˵һԼʮ׵ľ޴ӰȻҽһԾȻ͵һҧں׿δȺ׿һӰѾٴҽУһƬҽˮĿɿڴˡ


һʮ Ԩ
ղšǡʲô
ҽлڲðݵĺ棬һʱûзӦڸղţǻڽضź׿˳ȥժǾ伴رѹʱ⾹Ȼˡ
һ˲ʧûӰҽ棬үƤ˶˫ȭսһ仰ûн
Ƕʲôҽеһֶ𣿡ҲûпղҲǿһɫӰӣӴξ޳һںˮеľ޴ࡣ
·ȺЩסˣȵҽ¶ȣܱյĿռ䣬ѹֵķΧÿһϢ
ɽѾнһʱˣȫﵽ˾Ķ㣬ÿһ˶ڿӲţɫǺ죬ϵֲϵĺˮټȥ»˲ʡ
үҪҪ
ԱߵһЩŵʵʵϸղſǸغӰ֮˱㿪ʼùġ
үɨһǰҽ磬ȻֿһԵ£˫ַŭս
ȥ¶ûеõҵȿסˣ
ţү֮ͻȻһһԾ˲ڶ˫һץȻҽʯ̨ȥ۾ȴϸĹ۲·ĺ档
үǶĺ棡
ͻȻһүһ̷תȻһ޴ĺӰĸƺ׼ʱ𹥻
ߣɣ
үͻȻһȻΪǿһȭݺݵس·ҽеĺӰȥ޴ȭӡصҽ·ҽĺӰС
󡭡
ͻȻһ˻Ȼҽ濪ʼҵĲ·ʱҪһ㡣
䣡
һ죬ͻȻըƬҽ𣬲ϵسܷɽ

ҵ۾
ҽһ㽦Χ˵̽·ڻȻƤճһ̺ۡ
صֱӴƬҽˮһԵȺ˱ҽУȻ˲ڹȼʹвϵ˻սȥһѽ̿
үβ϶ŷɽҽΧɨԵºö඼ҽĹеĳܲסյʹ಻ϵ˺Լ壬һСĵҽ˲䱻ڵĲټ
ûڵΣΪǸ޴ĺӰڻسǰ
Ӵ֫ƽͷ­׳ĴԼһ׶೤ľ򦣬һֱѾռѨһռ䣬һҽС
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⡭򼣿
̲סоΧ򲻶ϵĶѾ˵ĳԱ
үɫ΢ͷһ·ʯ̨ϵǿõرѹҽûжк𺦣ҴҽõӨġ֮󣬾Ȼˮһػ䡣
֮治У֮߱أػ벻ȻԨ򼣡
ү૵ضǰԼδϲ֪ľ޴
ʼնſԭһ۾ض·ƣڻֵʱһֻǰϦԱһ㰲ſԭأȴʱĽ١
󡭡
ͻȻȻһ˻Ȼ˲ͷ޴ľٰڶݺݵسŻүԴȥ
ߣ
үһߣͻȻһýŹסϷȻճ˫ִ֣һһûκεĳɣӽԴȥ
һײүڵԶȻԴϽһۣû˵Է
Ӳļ׿ǣ
үоȣͻȻ˫һתȻݺݵسŶһȣһ˲䵴һԵİߡ
˹ʹƢøӵı꣬ݺݵһڶȻƬҽˮһ㱻գȻԵĵӣ˲䣬ѾԵĵӼ䷢ˡ
󲿷ֵӱҽõȻ˲䱻ڻеŵҽУžʧҽ¡
һоѵ޴Ĺүıøӵ
޴ҽвϵذڶ˰죬ȻתٴνתƵһԵĻүϣ޴۾ɨһۣһ˿⣬Ȼ͵ĸŻү
үδţ͵뻳ͳһӨɫƿԥĽƿܹ򼡣
ƿֱСĿǵƿˤ䵽ĶͷȻȻըʱһŰɫ˲֣Ȼض¶ƺ˲併
ɫĺܿ죬˲Ķͷһ˲ͱ䶳һţӴܹٴжԭء
ԼķЧãүһҴӼ֮ػõĺ˪ѣרſϲ¶ȵĶģ
󣬻ү͵˫ȭȻһ޴Ĺγɣɢİ׹⣬үɫӳĵ쳣ֲ
ȥɣ
үһ͵Ľеľ޴ĹźݺݵҵԶϡ


һʮ ȸں
ĺ˪˲佫׵ĶסүĺŭһϣȻݺݵػдϡ
һ죬ԭ̶е˲ը˳ȥӴ˲䱻ըɳҽӴݺݵײɽˣʯ鲻ϵ䣬ȻӴٴεҽһ޴ĲΡ
˲ʧҽе򼣬үϸղŵ޴ıը֪ûнԷ
үովҽԵͻȻһ޴ıӴٴγ֣˿̵αǱ࣬϶һ޴ѪӣѪˮõͷϵҲһӸղŵ챬ը˺ܴ
ԾȻȻһҧڻүļϣֻ޴ͷ·ѷذ׺ݺݵز뻢үļȻһԾֱӽүմ
ڿ˼£ǿϵľʹүԼѸٵ侲
˿ѨѾһţ˵ģģӴܵģԭػڿүȻҲǸ޴ļһҧס֮󣬺òάֺõľĶʱ
һɢҲʲôˣ˿ѹֵĵУҪ顣
ǳڣ
·һŵֳѾʱסĻүԭֿȵĵرѹʱûע
˷ܵһȻһӯһѸٵ»䣬ǽڷٵȥ
æӴܵ˭Ҳû뵽ͷϣȻ˻ʱҪᱦ
ʹ˷ӰҲûȥˣЩ˵УܳȥҪ飬£һֱܵѨһԵС·վȶû˷
һվŷŸµҽ絽жȣѹЩͨĵӻһӴܣһͨԪʦ漸ֲס˵ЩССȭʦˡ
ںڰĽϸĹ۲һΧĻĿһԼҽʯ̨ľ룬ȻſеսһŵĻү޴򼡣
ٺ٣ȻûпУʱժⶫɣ
Цһٴ̧ͷһл𱬵սû뵽ʹǱԷץסүȻ˵ǿᣬľʵʱͱ׵ļ˳
ûע⵽ԼһָԶǽϱնϵسС
һ¸оһ͵˫ųһţ뵴ǧһ㳯źеʯ̨˹ȥ
嵴ǽʱͻȻְγѪħȻݺݵسͷϵǽʹ˽ȥ
ѪħǽڵʯУץѪħ˱˿УžԼ׵ʯ̨˽ĸдŵرѹܹоڵذʮıĲ֮
ûʱĴ鱦һУ֮ǰʯ̨ϵ߻
رѹڣǵãҪֽӴĻܿ츯õģȻûйʵô󣬵Ƕ˵Ҳǲɶõıԣһȡ˰ɣ
ͷЩ߱ĸ֪ʶԼһäԻû
һתе߻ؿεɫ֦ȻһģһǲϸΪһڴ˴Ϣ
߼ʯ̨ĸʱͻȻеһΣմԥתһһת
ৣ
һ޴ذײĵâϻһ˿ڡԶĻү˿ŭĵ
ľǱ˷ˣٴεͷһۣеľȸͷ޴򼾹Ȼֱɱӽ˺Уͷ­ѾҵϡãϵɫҺͷ­үȫҲ˺ۣǼϵ˺ۣ޴˿ڣѪҺ·ˮһֻ첲̱·𳹵׵ĵһ㡣
ӻүȻƴɱ򼣬ԼҲ˺صˡ
Ҫȡ˵رѹĺԺ
ȻתѸٵһת߷·һذһزطӴĵرѹ
Ȼ·ǲһŶһޱȣûκ谭ģ߾ͽ˲и
һУ˲У汦֣ԥתͳ
ү˿еķŭɽ緢һϨԼཫ޴ɱ벻ͷȻһİ˽ȵǣ뵽ĿాүƤ˶ջ˳ŭ
Сӣ£
һŭ𣬻үһԾȻݺݵԾҽУӴһ㣬Ȼٴηɿĳȥ
弴֮ʱүѾһ๥˹
һŵرѹһֻ͵ĳѪħȻݺݵسŻүȥԷȭͷڿн˵һζ
䣡
ڿзٵĳȥүǽļȻסΣûκԥٴ˫ֻӶͻȻһ޴Ľɫǹ֣ռ¶ƺ˲ٴ˲١
ȵĶ˵þߣ˭춼°ɣ
ǹ
ɫǹһĿηٵ˵
岻Ϻˣһ·ҽ͵˫һ棬弱׹صĲҽϷʬϣǻδվȣɫǹѾХ
һٵ鼱֮£ֵ̧Ѫħ赲
飡
˱УȻߵķһ㵹ɶڿлһȣһԵҽУʧǰ


һʮ ٻ
ͻȻػһʹ˲䴫ȫֱӵ·ҽС
ٵȥһ˲䣬ֻһ뷨벻ԼȻҽУ֪ǱʹǱǱҽĳ¶ֱڻоʹĻᶼûС
˼ʱΧҽѾ˲ӿ䳹׵İΧ
ȴ˰죬еľʹƺûд̽˫ۣһΧĻǵһۣ˲ͱǰ𾪵ŴͲ֪롣
⡭ô£
ֻ˵ҽףΧҽˮһԻʣֵЩҽȻھ𲻵һ׵ĵطסˣͷ·һ޴ݽ𳹵׵İ˽ȥΧҽǱȫ档
⡭
ʶ֣Χ֮һԵҽ׵һҲ֮ı䣬·ڱһ㡣
ôЩȵĿǰһУЩ׵ʲô
ٺ٣û뵽ɣ
ͻȻĵ״͸һĨֻƺϵ
֪ʲôɻʵȻ˽ôһ֪һЩʲô
ٺ٣ʵⲻʲôΪһЩϵͻȻЦǺǵĽ
ǵǵһ𣿡
üԼĵһȻǲǣʱ޷ܳΪȭʦڼһǱͬ˳ЦĴڣټϼеĴ˶ԼһڻǶʱ䣬ֱɫһʱ⡣
ĹڤڱΪƴȻ˽ҽȻԼʥߣ̳ġӴԺſʼָ츳һһӡߵλá
ҼǵǵһʱҲһҽ磬ʱˣΪ˻ҽ˵ĻĴ壬Ӵ˲Żָ츳
ѵڻûΪλ᲻ҽ𣿡ѭѭգϸĹĻ䡣
԰ʱҼǵҽҽʱҲĳˡ
·ͻȻһ㣬˷ܵ۾ˣʱڽ뵽ҽʱһŽɫӣѵΪǿӵԵʣ
Сӣ㻹еģ
ߵΪ㳹׵أѵΪҸĶǷƷһűٻ飬ٻҲһؼ汦ֻؼ伫֮زŻűٻҲڡ汦ϵһ汦ʮһԿһؼȵ¶ȣ
۾һʮٻ飡Ȼһ汦벻ʱȥһӾȻ˾޴Ч̶һ˲䣬ԼȻ䡮汦ϵƷ
ٻؼΪȵ壬Ƕ˵ЩҽȻʲô⣬ĪҪ˵վû飬ھҽӾûˣЦ
ٺһЦһʮ˲õĹܣԼȻ֪֮߱漼ܣԺȫҽһгȵˡ
ȥһԵҽԷԼһǳǳıĤԼҽ׸뿪ĸԵҽͻȻһ˿⡣
ȻԼѾȫԵҽôǿʹʹĴһˡ
ǳһĨȣЦǿߣҲǸûʱˣ

վС·ԣϸɨһǰҽ棬үûκɱֵ˷ܣ෴˵ɫĿ£ƺʱᷢŭһ
ȻվѾ࣬󲿷ֵ˲ڸղŵսбˣֱӱȵˣܹɹӴܳȥ˸ٵĿ

үʮֲʵսȭͷ˵ûκε⣬лرѹһԼĵرѹͳ׵ؽ˳ȵҽУԼʵӦЩҽҪ˵µҽײȥѰҡ
뵽ԼӿļƻȻһ񣬻ү˾һҪץĳ嶯Ȳ˵ʺĵطԼΰģ뵽һԼûȥ󽫻ֵܵĳͷүƤݺݵĶ˶
뵽Щ̷үݺݵս˫ȭɫࡣҧĿ졣
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үԪֵŷɽԼϵҽЩɻĿղŷըķλ
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үɴ۾ָųԼǰ꣬ȴһ仰Ҳûн


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վҽȪ˵꣬һ㻺ҽ𽥸֣ΧҽԶķԣǱҽһ㣬־ס
ү΢ͣ㶵Ŀǰ𣬲Ϊҽеһûٴδҽ֣һһŵ̬
үض𣬵еرѹ΢ĺһֻҪⶫû𻵾ͺá
𻺻̧ͷڻүɨһУ·ҽһɫȻɴܶȻУ֮ǰҽеѪħ
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үƤһǹɵЦԭĿΪЩУֻҪ㽫еֲｻңҿ̾ͷŵǣһԸʮΣ
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ܹˣһнСӣүͻȻһֻȻʼ׼ԼɱС
ĳһ˼˲̧ͷĶŶԷ۾ͬʱһĨ
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ҽһһײһ˲ͷ˷Ӧȼײıը쳹Ѩһɽʼϵʯ䡣
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˲ϵʹүǰ߼վҽԵϸ·ҽѰңʱƬѨʼƺʱҪݡ
֧Ųס𣿡үղŵһսټǼǼȵ¶ȣɽȻǴﵽܹܵļޡ
ҪɱǸСӣү뵽ٴ·ҽѰ
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ͻȻһŭȻȻһӴצҽг֣Ӵ˲ռɽүڻԴϣɫѪħעԼ


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⣬رѹʧˣһͻȻַԼе汦ԼСĸŪˣ
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Ļոս꣬ٴһƬɽʯֱӽү˽ȥ׵ʧ
·ʧԼҰеĻүҡҡͷȻ̧ͷϷ𽥳ԼеĶڡ

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Ϊս˫һƬңĳԱҲû˼սȥģͽֵǮĶʰһ·ˡ
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գղҪһĻ˶ᱻȥҺڴȫĳˡ
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ЦһָһԵһɽʯС·ȻЦŽ͵
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ɻǰȺڵĺӡ
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Щ»ϲ˻ὫЩ͵ϣǳɭУЩ˵ɱŮ뺢ӣȻ󽫽׳ĳ˴߷һЩΪū
ΪǶûκε˽⣬ֻܹūۣһÿĻֳӲĸס繷һη
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ˣӽԺΪ˭ūֻۣΪԼǿɵһ˵ˣ۽ЩʪͻȻ֣ǱԼСʱľʵЩ΢
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ЩΪѵһüͷĻǸ
ҪҽǴΧĴѧһͨ˹ƽɺãǼ⣬һԵ
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Щ˼ͷٺЦҲ֪Լȷʵĳɷ֣һԼϵƣЦŵͷͰ˵ɣ
תһԵ֮ǰԼǸˣʵȺ˶һطҾֱɣʲô֣
Ǹ˿ȻƽԼԭ΢̱Щϻ̳Ͽæǰ΢ſڵأȻ󲻸̧ͷػصشˣСľ˹
ЦЦ͵ְɣ̫üǣɣҸ֣Ժͽɣ


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壿
Էƺû뵽Ȼһ仰ǸԼȡһͨһ֣ǵУūû˻ǰλ˵º͡
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૵ǰ˲ϵظ֣ĳһһתȥԵ˴ĺˣҽ壡ҽ壡
ٴ˵һڵϣǼſ£лˣлˣ
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ˣҲȫڵأһĺ
ʱеһͷ󣬿һһֻεҡҡͷֻתһˡ
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壬ڽ˵Ϻãֳ飬֮ڱվöҵǰ˵
ǣˣ
ߺһȻתʼŶ飬ƺǵһ飬ȴʮЧʣ֣Է֪ߴﹾ˵һʲôܿȺ˿ʼո߰ڳԼĶΡ
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ȻŹֵЩ⣬˻ǺܿľѡٳԼĿеĶӳڼЩ˻Сֹ
վڶǰ棬ЩнˣЦŵͷסھĶӳˣΪӳҪεؼסԼÿһԱòͬʱҲҪСеÿһԱ𣿡
˻һۣȻĻشǣˣ
ͷҸǰһ񣬼סԺǿҪɽܳһʱ䣬ǽɽеķʰͬʱһƷһ£ʱһڸ´񣡡
֣ˣڴҿɵĻˣҪסһСӵģ߿ʼǷֱһСӣҪμԼӳò֣һжӶӳˣǿɻˣ
֮ȫԭز֪룬ûһж㿴ҿƺ֪ȥ
һ㶣ôˣҽĲף
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ͻȻ͸еһŻȼգԷȫЩ˵ǵУֻһЩ˵ڰˣЩвĻȴȫǵ
ǰЩһūͻȻһ뷨ȻоЩ˼飬оԼҪ
˻һľһСԼƺһ֮ˣǰЩͬˣͻȻһŭȻԼԼ


һʮһ 
һİңλõһϯ֮ûκζİ裬ɼƽʱĵط
˿ϥУ´Щ֮˫ķҵ⴦䣬Ӧ֮ǰүĵط
۾³һһ˿˷ܡ
սʵ;û뵽̶̵ļʱڣԼڵԪȻٴƺԪʦ׵ĿܣҪûⳡսĻҪµʱпܴﵽڵ״̬
ĵͷӵϼԼĵرѹĸһĸһʱЩѣⶫôԣѵУҪĻҲʵ̫һ㣡
һԵѪħͻȻðһȻԼǰЦʵǲǲ֪ôˣ
еĸ㲻Ҫ˵ⶫֱԣ
ЦЦԶûκλֻζЩˣ
¶ɬһеĸҲ̫Ǹɶ˵ɣ
Цһ֣еĸģ㴦һ°ɣʵһְҵҩʦǿԽҩƳɵҩֻʵ֮٣˲Եϵĵҩ˵ϡȱ
ɫһЦ㲻ỹһҩʦɣ
ٺһЦ㵹̧ңɹΪξѾķҺöľѵһҪķѸʱѧϰƵҩϣһ;Ȼǧٹ֣ǹȴͬ;ˣҪһڳһӣʱһʽֻҪֵܹ£ʱվڽ˵ˣ쿴һУ˵ݽ棬ּɽ練ƣ
ȻΪڻԵʣ㽫Ÿڻܹ
˵䣬һͻȻðһŻ棬ɵľһԾʮֵеĸȻڻ㲻ϵĽ˿
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֣ʵһƤ֮¶۵ĸƺûֵͣ˼Ӵ˻ȣһΣĸȼճΪ˻ҽΪ᲻Ὣø׵ȼճΪҽʱһĻˡ
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Щ˷ܵĶĴָСһСŽɫҺ壬Ǽѵøľ
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еҩ裬ҩֽɫϸ滹ܹоҩϴһ˿ĸо
ȻǵҩǾĴ֮ʣµȫŸľˣֱȥȻԪסͿԽˣ
ڽ꣬ȻһٴѪħȥˡ
ٴΰһеҩ裬ȻŻصԭϥãûֱӳȥڤԼĳ׵ľ˵״̬ﵽ֮Žеҩȥ
ҩ壬еĹζûвֻоһ˳źһ·ǱսԼڣܿ죬һҵʹг𸹲
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弴ȻӴ˲ڲǺܿⲿֽɫͱһԪͻȻ
ЩԪǺӵһ㽫ɫҺΧ룬Ȼĳһ̣һ˿Ԫǣ£һνɫҺ建Ȼǣ蹬еĵĸ֮ڡ
ĸҲ˲䱻Ⱦ˽ɫɫҺһ뵤ĸУ͸оһ޴ʹдȫǺܿͲٿŸԪӿ뵤ĸ
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һϲ֮ǰǵνɫҺѾ׵ıΪԪûκͣЪٿԪȥǣһνɫҺ壬׼һֵ
ڣʱ·һֹ̾ˣֻз밲۾껹ţΧһƺڼ֤ţ֤۾һ漣ķ


һʮ Ԫʦ
ķУ̬ƽԭڲӿ𳤴ʮʱ𽥱÷ƽ˾

һ۾쿪˫չһžʱоȫˬ
ͻȻһԵѪħһڶسڷУЩϲĿ𣬡ɹˣоΣ
Цŵͷչһ¸첲Ȼ͵սȭͷЦǰδеĺã
ٺ٣ãƴȫһȭҿʵ
ͻȻһֻ֣Ȼֱ
ĶͻȻȤԽӺˣ
䣬ͻȻȭȭͷݺݵػƣϧ˿ƺûκεĸоһ㡣
Ӧ۷ԭʼңҪͻļԪʦˣҪһʱ䣬ΪոսڴóȻĻ»Ժã
ͷγһ;ȻʵԽԽãóȻ̰ͼðĻԼֻܷһʱȴԺǱһ־޴𺦣ԣӲ顣
ˣʮԪʦʮټģӦø˲ŶԣͻȻЦ˵ȥЩһɣһǿûͣ£
ߵԺĹ㳡Уûͣʲô˼֮˿̵˫ＸѾȫĻȻһ£䣬棬ǽȫɨĸɸɾ
˿ȺŶӶڹ㳡ϣͻȻеһᣬΪūƺֻһ룬Ǿ˰ŵκÿܹӣҲΨһ롣
ôһⱻɨĸɸɾȺһûϢ
߹ͻȻȺһȫЩнƺ¼ҳĺһ
ǰͻȻЦЦ̫ˣû뵽ǾȻеķȫɨɾˣǸһϲ
¶ЦݣһȺ˷·ܵĪĹһ㣬ͻȻЩĶһۺٺٵĺЦ
ǳԷûУͻȻʲôһʵ
Щ̫˼ͷ֮ǰһ춼ǳһٷģ
ͻȻһӣӳУȻԼĶˣȻǼȥôʳһ٣ٺõģԱٰ֮飡
Ļӳ۾һûжȫתƵһԵϣ֪һȺͽ嵱ͷ
ЩĿһв֪ӿˮǿĺӲûп޳һͷһԵļλӳ
ߣҸѡˣȥ

ΪūʪĵУŷĸȴҪÿûûҹĹܶ˶ֱӱ
Ϊū۵ģһͷļǮߣ
ټһ㳡ÿһȫһӣ̻ʵĳеһҸķȫĬūϲ˳ĬԵԸ
㳡˲ϴʵ֮⣬ͰЩֲųȫС
Щѹ֣ȫƴԼĶʳϵˮȴֹס¡
ǵһ˰ǵǵһ˶˵ҲǵһûƽһЦĺǽ
֪Ѿÿһ˵иٹβƣЩū˭Ǻ˭ǻȻһ۾ܹ
ɾͳΪǸеĹˣԺĺܳһгΪе

ǰȺ΢ȴʵĺӣͻȻһ뷨ȻǺܳ죬Ըȥԡ
壡Щʲôس
֮ƺһʱûзӦʲô飬ϸ˼˰Щ˵ЩûκسǷҪ˵ʲôسĻرȻСڴУ
ЦЦܺãڸұһж󣡡
һ㶣ͷתһΧʵͣһԵһ޴ʯϣͻȻһЦȻ˵ע߹ȥһץȥʯĵ͵һƺߣȻһٽ޴ʯ
۾һʯҲ˵һȻ˼ȭʦ൱
ЩȫĻԼɾ׬ˣ
ΧȫһƽĿ壬ƺһٰôʯһ㶼ȣ
𲻽һ㶣Ƕܹ
༸ӳƺ̫ϰĽʽһŵС˵ֻҪܹ꣬ľʯе԰ľʯ
ϵЦݸˣͻȻʲôͻȻʵǸղ˵СڴŴô˵ӦʮóҰ޻ħ޲ˣ˭ұһٶΣ
˶һ۲̫˼ȫڵ֪ζ
ףЩԼԣˣԼƺЩѣͻȻָŴԼ״һò˵ǲó𣿿ǿߵûУҪ̵ʱĶˣ˭ұһ£
Ļոսֻ꣬оǰһӰԼδӦһӰѾӳľԣȻԷһԾһԾȻǽףȻ˫˫ץٴ˫һȣȻס
𿴵ЩͣðŷӦض˶죬Щ˼顣
áÿٶȣ


һʮ սʿ
áÿ죡
ŴͣûзӦղŶԷٶ۷ȭʦٶҪƽˣ
һδйֱ̫˼ˡ
˼Ĺ򣬶ԷѾֽŲ˲ֻվϷһϸ֦ϣ徹ȻûκεĻζ
ЩΪֶģӦóΪսʿ
ԺͻȻһ仰ȴδԸ˵ϣ뵽оһɬ
֣˷أ̧ͷǰһȺˣͻȻӼᶨԼе뷨
ûūǶһģڵλ֣֮ˣӽԺ󣬴ҽūǲӵҪһصĺӣˣֵܣÿһҪ棬ס˵۸ǵֵܣһ⣬һȭ˲ңҲˣңնݳ
ӽ쿪ʼҪѵˣһ״ҪǳѪ뺹ˮˣΪսЩˣǱЩѪˣǾ壡
ӽ쿪ʼһʮ˽Ϊһ壬ͽС
ƺͻȻһ˿ϤͷһѿڶӽԺ֯ͽСӰ
Ӱһͥͬһ֯֯ĳԱǴһңΪֵܣαعףǵÿһֵܿˣֵܾǸΪ㵲סΣյˣֵͬҲǸԷĵĽ󱳽ˣ
ӽ쿪ʼҡӰߣԶ۸ֵߣɱ
ûУͻȻȵϵΪڼЩǺ졣
ǣֵߣɱ
һӦƴȫĺ
ֵߣɱ
Ҳ̸쳤˲ӴĸźÿһɫǺ죬鼤þȫŴźš
ֵܣ飬Щ˵ңԶֲɼĶǰȴ˵ϣͬʱҲҪһЩȻЩԺĺܳһУ췢齫ЩԶӰ졣
ȲѵסӰһ壬ӰΪС飬ÿӰС䱸һ峤峤ڱԱѡһΪԼĴһС顣ǵһȫķɣǿԿĵɽԼκ飬ǿԸӦͨ˵һУѧſڽѧĴкѧϴ³Է˯ʱϣܹһȻһµӰܹ֯𣿡
һΣƺϬһ㣬Ӧܣ
ܺãǿ鳤Ĵɻˣ˵ôҽɢ
һԵһֱһУ˿ΧȫµȥԼϲ飬Цǰ𣬡Ǵ齨һ֧Լ
ЦŵͷҿǹˣЩݣֵĻ»ٴΪ˵ūȻ˻ҽΪһ֯ǽرţ
⻹ڤڵĶԹչҪи˽ģʱҲһɽҲҪһЩԼнаڤڵıǮ
ͻȻתĳһ򣬳ʱ䣬֪ˡ

ɽּң
ּ˿̴ѾˣܹĶּܹ˵ϻּʵǿ֮˵õ֪ͨҴҵĸ˹㰲ҵطãûĽķΧʮֵĹ찲
ڴǰŵּҵǰ峤죬Աּҵλϣ˿̼˵Ҳûһ˿ЦݣʵѾܾûЦˣÿһ˵϶һ˿ݣ¡
˿ڼҪλϣҲǴżλϵľȻһˣȻһͰμڤѡε졣
ʱ֮ƺ˲ٵı仯˸˵ĸо֮ǰ䣬һλ߲ſܾ߱ơ
λϣüͷƺ˼ʲô飬ĳһ̵̧ͷڵѾʱĿһ˴ҵע
λٻЩҪô֪Ǽ鱨ԱõϢƺֿʼ׼ּдˣ
ߣңһûֱɱȥǷԽԽˣһԵһλƢ𱩵̲ס˵
ǻõϢԷǵìҪԷΧϣʱǼʱƴƴ˵ϮǵԷΧ𽥵СʵңΧĺңҵȼҲȫּҵͷϣһƺõģ
üͷʵΪ⼸ѾüûϢˣ
ģһڤڸĹȻĻҲܳƢ𱬵ĶһӴΪϵĲ豭𷭣ˮһء
һڤ֣ʱ쳣İ


һʮ 
ڤڡ
ʱڤھڼҵĽʣû˻ʻ㣬ԴǰʱڤɽϴǸϢּ֮뵽һƬֻţǲΪλȴ֪ڤڣ־ѹ崭
ڤڣͲòһˡ
ǸǼķ˳Ц꣬ǸԼһüû˸С꣬Ǹƾʵһٽڤڵ꣬ǸͬΪڤ¼һڤڻһꡣ
ͻȻȫĬˣҶԺͬһˣ֪ôˣ
ɫϱãһһԵ鳤죬ֶԷȻԭƺûʲô仯ĵһͬʱȴεĿЦ
𰡣ǸǼһⰡ
ôΪʶ޹أʼΪĶԣϴŵҲ˵ˣΪǼģǻɼˣǲһ
˵ּҵһˣ𲢲ʶȻּҵĹ㣬ȴΪʵԭ൱ĻȨ
վɨһ۴ˣƽȴÿһ˵ĶУȫ֪ʱôԴһҵģ֮ѵҾ뽫ȫж𣿡
ս£ͻȻڽû˷ϵĶԴѵЩ̫鲢ѸӢʱӦñȻɼԲߣһжȻ뵽˾أ
ϵЩƺΪѹڱ˵֮󻹿һ죬ƺ˵ĺӣ
ҲܹҲͬϵĹ۵㣬ΪʱһԼĿԣȷΪ˼սҪ֪ڤεȻ˲Ĵ㣡Ȼǲ֪Ϊģһ֪һЩ֪ĻȵϿ𽲵
λÿ˶һ۵㣬е˶ʱһҵУ֧ΪڤǿΣж͸òΪǿȨҰҺޣһΪȫ£ûпĺ
˫ϼۣ֮ƣͻȻһȻ󣬵ʱȥ
һֱԭδͻȻ̧ͷɨһۣ˶ܹȻ˼ı򶨣ıȻʮֵĳʹ
սתƵһԵλϣæʵ峤ô
ڲ˭ε⣬ӦùĵüȹһεѹأȻ峤ŰɣͷҲʱĵǲھͽ޳ҲκεԹԣ
һͣЩмĿһϣȻ̧ͷɨˣ˸ղϵһ仰ԭЩԥʱüᶨ
λּʱ̣ӦŽһ£ͬ⣬ﻥ๥ּۣҵ峤´ȡ

ǰһңһ˿˷ܣȻԼϣ˫ȷɽңǶԼ뷨ԺһﾹȻڹ㳡һȦȷҵڵء
ŻĽ֣˳˽ʮףŷ־ͷһң˫һԷһһԵһѵĵһת
һԵҷӦĿռǰ
û뵽Ȼô󣡡ЩԾľ̾
һʮƽ׵Ĵ͵ңΧǽϰڷʯ䱻ʯĵĹâӳͬ죬м޴ľܣЩڷһЩǧٹֵĶ
ҡ鱦һĶѷһԵĽУһһЩʮıȻ̫УһۿȥͿԿЩĲףʽȫˡ
ֻǿϧԼѾѪħˣԲҪٴһЩǿӰĳԱʹá
߼ΧѰԵļϰڷʮСӣĴ򿪿һۣоһ˿˷ܡ
⾹ȻȫһЩȭʦؼԼȱľֻҪܹӰԱɹʱǾͽΪȭʦЩؼͽ֮ء
Ľؼ£߼ڷѰϧһƺûʲôܹķۡ
ѵֻЩˣ
ҡҡͷﲢûԼҪĶЩϧˣ
ٴɨȷʵûзκԼĶ֮ת׼뿪
ף
ߵſڵͻȻķһ˿Ȥ飬ŲͣȻ󻺻һȥǽԱߣȤĴǽܸоЩס
ķôʵĵģ𲻷ļһܿ죬ڼǽʱ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ţ
ٺЦЦȻȻһȭǽڣһȥȻŽͶǽеССС
ǡľУ૵


һʮ ȡ
ЩϲĿǰľУһ˿˷ܣϸСΧһȷûκεΣջ֮󣬲һһ⼸ľȡ
ľзֱһԵĵϣ뻹ǰ˳ȴһСľС
ľаڷһӵľᣬһ̣۾һʶǹľᣬȻԼҪĶ
۾λÿȥͫӳǿеļչᣬǸոսչһǣüͷһ塣
ƾǿľ֪ô£Ժоһչ˫һеľɢһЩɫķĩ
ȻգҪ΢ֱӾˣЦ
ػֽеİɫĩɢŻش򿪾ᡣ
ͫ׸߼ˮΪʩչ£ˮ
۾һǺöӦϴ뻢үʱԷʹõ֮Ǻԣүδʩչ£ȻĻҲƽ֡
ȽСķһԣٴδ˵ڶӣһյֻںе׷һӨĽָ
Щɻüͷ˵ܹľеӦʮҪĶΪľоȻǴһָѵָʲô֮
ٺ٣Сӣ񵽱ˣһԵͻȻ֣ȻЦǺǵָһЦŶ𽲵
ô£ʶָⶫʲôã۾һæʵ֪ʵ̫Զ˴һ۾ܹʲô
һſռָͻȻָ׸һ˿Ͷָԡ
ɻĽӹָȻһ˿Ȼ̽Ͷ뵽ָϣܿ͸оһ˿
Ͷ뵽ָʱ̸оһ˿ʮ΢Լ̽롣
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һȻӴǿȣܿһ˿Ѹ͵ֱӳ˱Ĥľ˽ָС
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Щȵ֣ⷢռоȻһռ䣬ԼʮƽңѾʮֵ𾪡
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Ǻǣ֮˰ɣռָǱȽϡƷû뵽˾ȻУҲֹһݿܰô򵥣ͻȻЦһ
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ЩµĿһеĺɫƣһ˿֡
⵽ʲôô˹
üͷһҲֻεҡҡͷӦһҲĳִͼգֻǲ֪ʲôļա
ҡҡͷȻûþͲҪˣⶫ̫аˣ
˵ַŻ˿ռָУȻʵٴתһԵһľС
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һĪչʱͻȻ۾һƳһ˫ֺٺЦŶԼ
𲻽һ㶣ȻЩȷʵѵʶⶫ
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۾һ⾹Ȼһ־˶ʱѣεĸоһЩЦʱɽС
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ЩĿеɫˮоԼ˵ѪҺ𽥷ڣԼ˺þõľڳˡ
̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡣
ٺЦЦȻٴν͵ǰȭͷСĹϣ˰죬Ȼ΢Щ˼űǼת
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ֻľǽ뵽һռһ㣬һƬڣܿ죬ǰŨɢȻ¶һļ֡
Ӱ䣡
Ӱ䣺ʹʱһɫ⽣ʹǿչ⽣Ŀ࣬Ϊһ߼ʮļʮ˼ʮÿһĵɱǿʹûݿ˻Ѫã

ҳɹˣҳɹˣ
һӰԱЩ˷ܵڹ㳡ò̫Ĵ½󺰴УϵıǼԺ
˵һ˵ע⣬󲿷ȫֹͣ˶ܹһϲĿŶԷ
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䣡
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ͻȻһȻΧ㳡ϵȫֹͣѵۼ˹ȫΧһǰλӰϡ
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ƺЩ˵ַʽЩϰˣֻذڰ֣ȫɣԺ񣡡
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ܲµƴŬӰһʮԱȫڵǶѾΪȭʦˣҵ츳ȻҪõö࣬Ҫ֪ҿʮ궼û
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ÿһ˵ɨһ飬ͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⡣
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ĻһͣƺʲôõԤС
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ΪӰĳԱ׼ޣסҪôսսУҪôѪǲҪᣬ۵ģΪκ⣡ҽһҪ񽻸ȥֻܽεˣ벻кܹʤΣ
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ͻȻȫ͵̧ͷ쳤˲ӴĽкֵߣɱߣɱΪߣɱ
ɱɱɱ
ͻȻȫǵĴź쳹˫ɽ˴Ƭķ


һʮ ҳԶٷ
ǻĮеһСվСıԵǴĸȥȫһƬڣĮΧûκε̣ǻĮΨһһޡ
СϵľΪǻĮΨһޣƽʱӶŻ̶ڴפ㣬ԣСǳԵ
ֵȫߺȵ̼ңֵʮ֡
һͨ걳һ޴ĺڵԶĻĮлΪÿ춼д˽СˣҲû˶ĵеȡ
һ£վʯĹ㳡ϣڳһ⼸糾͵ĸ·ҪѪˣÿڻĮвϵĿޣ۾Զֻ޾ɳӣĥһ˵壬ͬҲǶһ˾Ŀ顣
صȥϵĳὫеɳ³̧ͷǰĮе漣
ǰĽȤĴܣΧ˵ɨšǰȥ׼С϶ݵϢ
ոߵſȴԵĻ˵ûκα飬ʮֹʽһ֣Ƿң
һ㶣ЩֵĿΧһۣΪβýǷѣ
˵˼ӶӶµĲýǷѣ
ٺ٣СӺúüͰɣëˣ˵ҲܹӶʱҲҪɷˣ
ʱһӶеһӴЦŶ˵˵껹һԼֻ첲ϵļ⣬ȻһԵļ˹ЦһС
֣ĻЩӶƺʮֵļɵǶһЩ̶ӻͨҪࡣ
ҲǴ˵еӲɣҡҡͷҲûִıҪңȻԼŶС
һСͱֵľˣ㶵ĴųˮĽֵ𲻽̾벻һĮеСȻ˵ķ
һһĴŽֵߵĻ̵꼸꣬鱦꣬ε꣬רħ˵ĵ̡
ŽֵĿƷһ˲Щ֪ͣж
Сӣ㾹Ȼ͵ôʰ㡭
δӦһӰͻȻ֣Ȼ͵һӴܵ˫ֽץ·ͬʱϵȭʦмȴҲͣ¡
̧ͷͿԱߵС̯ԣϰŲ˵ڵĳ˹
Сӣÿζ͵βȣ
ЩЦõϰ壬ϰ壬лú˵Ҫŭ
ϰŲ˵´һ𣬵һͨʱʱ
˭ٹ£ÿұҪСӵĹȣÿ춼͵ΧԵС̯Ҳ٣Ϊʲôÿζ͵
ǸͻȻͷлĹҵ˵Ϊϡķóˣ
㡭ϰٴηŭҪ
ֻЦٴϰ壬ɣλСֵܴ͵˶ٶǮȫ˺òã
ϰͣΣ´һ𣬷ԸԩͷȻʮԸ⡣
һңǮϰͻȻֳ𺰵
ƨֻһȻҪңѵǽİͻȻٴδһӵɫϰ塣
ЩЦͷŴ˿̻ץԼ꣬һЩƾɵñס˴ӣϵ·࣬кü۹𿴵Է۾ʱЩȡ
峺ͫףĽëܹڶԷ۾ĿԼĵӰһʱЩͣоЩ죬ȴ˵ϵ֡
ȻȻԿԷԼƵļ
⡭ЩĶ˶죬û˵еĻôŮ
뻳óҽϰ壬Щ˰ɣ
ϰȻһˣ
ϰת뿪̴𲻱ЩĵһۣôĸҰڴ٣㵽ûӰ
ЩĿǰﵽԼ꣬ЩֺЦԼòڰðɡ
ǿɵһͷԴһͻȻһЦһ˲䣬ΪԷǸŮ
Ȼ˵壬Ҫҳһٷɣ
Щ㻹ûԱ
ûأղŹʱ԰굽ʱһ㶼ʵʵ˵
ٴתһԵС̯ɣ㣡
ٴλص֮ǰС꣬𻺻£Ѫħժ·ŵһԵӱߣһԵЦԵʲôԼɣӦûܹ𣡡
ϰû뵽˾ȻٴԼС̯ΪǻҪǮģⲻܹǮǣȴԭҪԷԷ
ĵһϰ壬ȻĴյСʵϻкܶ𣿡
һ㶣Щ׶Էʲô˼ʵҲǺܶˣ
Щͷٴʵûʮң
ͷУ
ֻͻȻĵλȻ͵غݺݵһӣϰ壬ɫСÿһ̣Ȼһţ⣬ȻһСƣƴ̣
ϰƤ˶δԷֱתһԵ
ЦЦͰ˵ϰɣ
ߣϲ͸Ͽ㣡ʲôƵطĥĥģͻȻĳϰ屧Թ
С̯ϰһŬ˼Լһתͷ׼ȥˡ
һٷ𼸺ǿһڷƣԼǱĳҲûдﵽԷӣ굽жûгԹˡ
ǰļӳԵĸɸɾȻһĨʮĶӣһ⡣
ԱˣͻȻЦ
Աˣֱ̫ˣӳһȻһ˷ܵ˸
ιллˣƺЩ˼˵仰
ͻȻ֣ʶһٶȻһͻȻȻĽǵһЦЦȻĽӵ
һ㶣Ȼ˲͵ȫ·ܵһ㲻ж˲両һĨΣֻоȫһУȴĪļӿ࣬ƺҲò˳ˣ˶ʱĵࡣ㶵
ֻǴ˿̵Ѿվȥȥˣδı仯


һʮ ԭŮ
ѪħڽϣĳһͻȻͣ½ŲȻתǸ˿Ҳͬʱͣ½ŲתͷµĿһԡ
ҡҡͷȻתǰȥתȻҲظƺ϶һ

ͻȻһŭȳԶȻֵʱһƬɹ˻ҵĳŽֵɢȥƺʲôֲһ
Щɻת˿꿴ͷæٴװµһС̯һƷϸġš
˿̺Զڿˣԭһڵĳ߳˶ĽֵϺֱײԶԷҪôǹҪôȫûнЩһ¡
ǰһλɫȹŮŮԴϰʽӵСӣ·ɣ˫һֽ֣һֺֻݺݵسƨɣôоȻ˵ĺֱײ
޼Сˣ
ϽһԣȻĻҪˣ
ֵʱᴫĻʱȹŮѾ˹һ·ײ˻ܣײ·ˣŮƺȻϴı飬ƺǰһкò
СͻȻһԵ꺰
ʱŷԶӣһţʶҪһԶϧһţ徹Ȼˡ
ͻȻһŮһ˫ֵסԼȫɪɪЩǰһС
˾Ȼվ·ߵסȥ·ŮϽһ£ȻԥĻӱ޼ǰתۼ͵ǰ
ڴ˶ΪҾҪʱͻȻһӰͻȻǰһק壬ȻתͻȻһȭݺݵڳԴϡ
սͻȻһ˻ȻӴ͵سһԵȥصˤڵϣսϵŮˤڵأһƨɶڵϣһʱЩ¡
һΧȷûΣ֮ע⵽е꣬һ»ûˣͻȻһ㶡
ʱĸ첲ûڶԷȴ÷ӶԷǰֻоԼһĶ
һͷдһʮʵָУʹʶľȻٴһ¡
˿еġꡱѾߵͨ죬סԼزѩֻоϴһĸоȫһûУҪ̱ڵϣȫĿϲܹǿվ
аһﾹȻԼؿʹһ£ѩߺ죬̧ͷݺݵصһۡ
Щ˼ĵɴ۾Щ͵Ķǰġꡱ˿Ҫٲ֪ԷʵǸŮҪҿʯͷһͷײˣֻΪ̫𺳣Ȼ˽ֳ
ѩ跢Ȼֻ۾Լȫûнֳ˼вЩŭŴĻѳЩҵϵ·ͷԼеĲ
ֱԷԼѣŴӸղŵзӦЩ˼һȻȻʶĿһԼղֵ֣Ȼ۾޵ĳѩزȥ
ǡ̧ͷһеѩ費һѪӿ֮ǰĺøмȫʧˣ벻һﾹȻǸɫǡ
ЩεĲ֪˵Щʲôֻ̧ͷűǼ⣬һ־ԶֻҪһͻʶĴǼ⡣
֮ǰֻ˼ҵǸط𲻽ţѩɱ˵ʱ¶һ˿Ц

Һûãͱһŭȴˡ
ιС֪֪˭һϹĻڵĴǳ
ʱˤĺȹŮҲվֻоԼƨһʹ۾вϵˮڴתǰΧֲ̫࣬˼ȥֻ࣬ƴǿʹԼȴ޲ýһˡ
ɱȹŮͻȻҧгݵĺ
С㣡⡭ƺЩΪѣ֪ǺãСүйأ׼ɱˣ˽˶ԹֻܹЩҲܹΥ
ɱȻĻҾɱǣȹŮͻȻϵıǷŭ
λС㣬ǲЩᣬղѸͣҲȵĻλ١Сֵܿ¾ͻ⣡ѵçײ𣿡ͻȻڽ
ߣΪ˭Һ˽Ҹ㣬ɱɱССĮ˵ĻȹŮͻȻڵĳ𺰵޲ǰҧڡ
ɫЩѿû뵽ƯһŮȻһԸ񣬽裬ȫĴСƢ
ûнȹŮΪԷˣߣҪΪĬҾͻķŹ㣬Ҹ˭ҲѣǲɱҲҪܱСĳͷ
һͷΧֵԵȺͻȻһƺֲһ㡣
ˣȽ˸ҰˣظҪúõ棡ȹŮͻȻЦһڿһֻż
ɫ׵ıԱ΢΢ƶѩ嵲
ѹˣ
֪˭һֵߵͻȻ뽫תһ˵г˼Щݡ
ԶȺһܶϵֿȻһ欵ٻӰس˵ǰ
𻺻תǰֵŮʱͻȻĵһк
ǼˣͬʱŮ


һʮ Ů
裬Ů̶꼴
ʵ޷ԼһۿʩʩȻ߹Ů˵ò
ͷ·ϵӣĳֵ̱궯˵ȫ鲻ԽΧƶ
΢ʩ׼죬ϸԲ޽ڣ浾ׯһɫȹĳе£޳֬Ĳһ·£ȻǱ쳤ȹסı͡
˿̴Ҳٷ֮ʮ˶Ὣ鲻ԽתƵԼκΪ֮ϡ
˳űزһ·£ϸһɫ˿Ľϵȹϵסȴ乴ճϢΧĲ鲻Խĺݺһڿˮ
ƣЦһʮʵĸоƺÿһ˿Ϊ
һŮˣ
ĵظԼۣ˵ʵСŮ˲̫࣬Լ׾һǺ̶̾ΪˣȻƯŮһģֻһֱδڿڱס
죬ٴμһŮǰΧ˽ѹŮͬһߵ
ɫŮգ
ֻŮ˵̶̶ͬ崿ˮһһۿȥ͸оԼǰģ䲻Ůɾ࣬
ǰŮ˵˾ޣһֳɢȻζ̶ֻǸŮĳЩ沢֮ȣǰŮ˲ĽŮ˵ӵ˼¡
ȶһһЦջɣ
Ů˼ܹɱ˵Ǹꡣ
̲סٴڶԷɨ˼֮ɫ΢ĽתƵһԣȴֱŮˣҪô˲ܹ֮
ͻȻһʹתߵġꡱһŭĵԼƺԼղ͵˼ҵıʮֲ
ɫǣåѩûһ
Цʶ˲ʱԼѾӵͷˣղŷ⼸ŮԼӡ󽵵͡
ЩڨЦĽƿűǼ⣬֪˿̵ԼֳĬѵİ취
ʱѾǰڽֵϿһۣȻŽʵתƵһԵĺȹŮϡ
죬ûˣ
ת˲
ŮƺǰʮкøУԷϵı鲻¶һ˿⡣
ѽ㣬ãҺúõؽѵһСӣ
ָݺݵصһۣڶ֮ǰԼ⻹ǵһΣǲѲƤֱѼͷ֮ޣ
̧ͷȥѩʱϱһͣΪŮȻǷŮװѩ衣
ûеһ㣬תȻڣղŵҶˣԭĲԣкֱײɺͳҸղλСܵܳȵĻ»ֳʱôȣ
¶һ˿ΣԼʲôʱȻСܵˡ
ԼǿƵĵһ˿£뵽ղԼڶԼˣʡ
ǸղҲˣǹģ
쳯Щί˵Ȧ΢죬ΪĮǳŮʲôʱܵί
ˣղҲвԵĵطΪзƽĻҾͽֹһѽҪ¸Լ̻ˣЩίĿһѡ
֪˵ң
¶һ˿ЦֻǾ°ˣĻȻҲǰ㽲
ϵԹѾʵɫεҡҡͷȻڶԷ˵һ仰
˵۾һЩϲĵɴ۾˵ѽ˵ģ˵Ҫ㻰
ĸһ¶ԷԴʲôʱƭ㣡ȥ͸ƣ
̫ˣ
ͻȻһĸղŵŭɫ˷ܵıһʱ˸ղԼƨ˵飬͵һӽҲ˲ָһԼƨɡ
еϴʹ첻ٴŭĿ𣬵ǵѽղųŵԼ飬Ͳ˼ԼʱĽŭѹȥ
ߣˣѽ飬ȻĻһҪѲƤ
һȻ뿪ˣֻ·ЩŤ
Цų߰ڰ֣һᣬҶɢ˰ɣ
ѹﶼˣȻҪӣһԿֵӶٺЦѵ˰Ľ֮顣
ɢȥѲŴһŮ˹´һˣ̴Ƕû°ɣ
˽ĿŶԷܹоԷϵ鲻Խϴһһɵ㴫
Ʒжϣ


һʮ Ůѩ
վ绨԰һͥԺУЩΧľɫһʱЩʧ
Ҳ֪ԼΪҪӦԷ룬ԼӦʱѾѩڶԷıСԺС
ܴ˴شĮֲ뵭ˮϡȱԴǱǰԺʵһ
̨ͤ鿣ȪʽֲֵֹѾʢ޵ʻԺһƬⰻȻټԺаķΧγĶԱȣһԴܡ
Ҫ𷢾ԺǸ԰԰ʽֲＸӦоУۼһ۾ܹϳЩҩݡ
һڣܹŵҩζʽҩݵһ
ȻоȵģȴδֳٴתƵһԣһһжеʮֺͨˡ
ǲ˼ˣȻһŮж˹һ豭еˮһЦŽ͵
һƽʱûʲôãҲЩݲǲʱ䣡ЦŶָָʯϵĲ豭һơ
ЦָָһԵǸʮͨĻ԰Ц˵ѽ̫ˣЩҲǻݲݵĻǿɾֵ̫Ǯˣ
۾һ㶣ʱ¶һ˿ı飬ʶҩݣ
ֻǸȤˣѽĻ԰ǡмʶҩݣҲŴ󵨲²Ǹҩ԰ѽЦˣ
̫˼űǼ⣬ѩм£һԵĲ豭ҡҪȻڱǼţƷһڡ
ϷСʫЦƼˣҲĺòֻѽļ˲ܹƷζʱֻܹţĵˣ
Сͷ
һɲǼķ𼸺̶ͣ仰ȿ佱ǸŮһƷλûһŮ˲ϲ˿ޣ仰ȻһӾܹƨȴϵЦݸ
ղŵҴǵǸѾͷСˣЩᣬҲ⣡λ²Ǳ˰ɣ
ͻȻڣ̽Žͬʱ۾Ҳڴ
һ˿ޣĴߣ˳·ѣƺûзԷĴһԹԵĺŲ衣
ϵЦ࣬ȻǸ˼أ
˵ȫתƵԼϣѩЩ̫˼ǹϳɵĴ˵ҲǱˣֻСѾһʱˣ
꣡
һԵͻȻ̲סЦЩЦĿǰŮˣҲûˣСͲҪװˣߵһλҲѾʵŮɣ
ѩһ㶣תһԵ𣬵úȲˮԼʱѩһݺݵӵĲһš
ۣ
һСĽˮȫ˳ææҵĿʼϵĲգʱʮǱ
ŮһۣͻȻЦ˵Ĺϵʱ˲١
ˣ˾ʱסɣȥҲҪҵطסޣͷҪĺöˣĻǿϢһҹȥҲ٣
һŮӼΪҪأЩĿŶԷǴӶԷͿԿǺúôһµĻһǸˣΪҪԼĺһؤһ
ѩûĵһ𣬡һкȻᶮСһˣûһ֮ĵĻͱЩ۵̻֮ˣ
˵ѩ軹̧ͷһ𣬺ԼеǸˣ
һٲ廰˵ʲôλС㡣һʱ䵹Ů֮ЦŽ̸ʮֿƵһ˶ڽ䣬һò赽˸ɾ

ҹĻ٣ϡ
һڴϣһϵ֮׼Ϣʱһֱһޣֱ¶Ұ⣬ƺڶӵĻϰˣĻڴϺúõ˯һ
ĸסŵľѩ裬ŮӵЩȤһŮ¶һҪʱ̽ЩĻˣΪ棬ԼһСؤһ㣬Щ꣬ѩһ˵߹ġ
ţ
ͻȻһüͷĵվߣس濴ȥ˳ɫԿһɫӰĴԺһԾ𣬴һԵݶ֮Ȼ󼸸ʧԶɫ¡
˭أ
ЩɻüͷͻȻһ֣ڴߵѪħȻ䵽УѪħڱȻһɳ䣬Ųһ棬θ׷ȥ
ߺ󣬸ڷĴڴһٻӰڴߣʧӰ̾Ϣһ
ָŮŮƯǣֻ˿ȴûл͡


һʮһ ҹɫµβ
Įеǿվһ޴Բ̣ǵ㣬ϡ
Įڽ˰æµһҲԽ롣
ɫµĽֵЩ䣬һ紵ֵߵҶͬʱ̵ֵɳɳ졣
ɫһɫӰԶĽϲϵķԽһֻӯĺżһ棬ȻѸٵʧںڰУȵٴγֵʱѾԶһϡ
Ӱʧ֮󣬽ֵһӰ֣建һԳ̧֣ͷһеƺԲеƲ·ܹ
µеһҶǳһĨȣȻһӣһԵһСһЦԭǻ
Ǹֵҹ
һ·βǰĺɫӰĮǵıԵʼձǰɫӰԼʮ׵ľ룬Ȳڸ˶ԷҲöԷԼ
ǰĺɫƺûдͣ˼վڳŶϣͻȻżһǽһԾ£һرѸٵĳһ˹ȥ
γڳϣüͷЩɻĿǰոܳȥĺӰ
ˣ
૵ƺЩ⣬ԷΪλǣ˵ĮƬĮΨһһޣ֮Χȫǻ̵ĻĮһߵĻĮ֮⼸ûκεĶӰԲĮеʲôˣҿķֱĿȥƺͼƻһ㡣
ѵԼ´ˣ
üͷǼ⣬վڳһԶĺڰ¹£ԶĻĮһصľ޴Ԩһ㣬ϵΧһС
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ҸоڶԶĵطƺһʮǿʲôöȥ͵
۾һؼ䣬汦ǡ汦ϡܵƷͼܹ۾˵ؼЩ֪汦Ʒ
˵ʲô߱ĮУ۾ͻȻԼȻɶˡ
ֻܹоһ˿ʮ΢Ĳǵĵȷȷڣԣҽ黹ȥãͻȻЦ˵ȻȥȥԼ
ƲƲ죬һ⻰Ǳ˵ȥȥȥʧˣ
ǾȥҲûʲôʧ
ͻȻһԾ£ӯأȻ˿ʼڻĮзıҹҲûʲô˿𼸺Լʵӵ˼¡
о紵ϵĸоżɳôգͻȻһŷڱܵĸоٶ˼£ٶȾȻٴ˲١
ΪֻŲϱܣľ˲١֪оһϮʱŸоһΣգûлͷԥתһȭ
飡
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ûˣ
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䣡
һ˵ײҪȸղŵҪأ峯岽վ壬ղ͵ϮԼǸѾԼ˳ȥ
붯׷ȥͻȻԶһЦֵܹȻǺ֣Ȼܹ뷮ƽ֣ȻϷĿ࿴
վԭأɨΧĻղԼֻһıܣ֪ΧȻŨŨܵĻ
˭ͷβòЩСΪˣһͬʱȭͷѾ׼ʱӦĹ
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ʱΧĶȴʼ޷ȷԷķλԷ˼ǶԷܹԼһ
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ǺǣϷҪ£лһҪúõĽʵһСֵܣȸˣ
վԭظоϢԶȥĵһ
أ̧ͷһյЦ


һʮ Įᱦ
ԤʱĮ˾һαһطͣ
̧ͷһеȻŵͷָдһĿڣ
ڹĻĮдȥԶԵ쳣·ǲһ㣬һֻȥԶԶʧ
֮˵²ãϺԵĵͻȻһ䶯ܿһСԴ¶˳һС̽Դ͵һԾȻĳ棬һӴܽ˺˻СɵСԴڶԷزš
ײˣˣͻȻӺ˵ĿдһεŮ˵දʶ˾ȻĶ
СԴĸ˼£ȻŮ˲ʵ׹ԣöôˣ
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СƺܹöŮ˵Ļһ˷ܵͷŮ˵֨֨֨Ľš
Ů۾һЩϲʵѾˣ
Сٴ֨֨֨ĽеƺΪԼܹﵽŮ˶еʮҸ
ǺǣһûһЦͻȻȻӰںǰĻһ֣ᷢһɽһĺӾǸղ͵ϮǸһ
ҲˣŮкӼ˾Ȼ˴ʶЩǿŮµļź͸ղŵŸʹġ
ǺǣҺûгٵ˵ƺмˣЦʵȷˣ
ѾȷˣͿԶ֣Ů
˲صĿˣҶܹ̽ǵǺˣҪҪٿһ£¶֮ɫƺЩǡ
ˣղ·һص꣬ԷʵȻڷ֮£ԷʱڻĮбܣֿκεĿԣҲҶ϶ԷݣǽһЩã
ǸһʵǿǶȭʦһķ˵һ졣
˵ĻŮ˵ԺеһֵľȻǰǸ㣬żһ˿ɬꡣ
Ůһ֪ԼΪλͻȻ뵽æҡҡͷӰ˵뷨ߣڿɲʱ
УҪõǶֻһʱֻʱȻͻ㣬׵İҸͲֶ֪ܵϢŮʮֹľܾ˶Է顣
ðɣʵҲǸһ飬Ȼ㲻ͬ⣬ǽͳһѰɣĮӦûʲô⣡˰ڰǽ˶Էľ
İɣôĵطǼˣӦòʲôʵģʱȡ˶̾ߣŮ˳Լ˵
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ΪжŻӣˣܶеľֻܹһ㣬ڵܶУԵ쳣΢ƮֻܹԼԵһСξ롣
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ͻȻڣȻһԵ˴ӻͳ˼ʯܿѨͱʯ΢ĵƹӳյ
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ǰֵһʮƽľ޴ܶܶĿռǳ󣬵µʯеֱ䵽˵Ȼγһһʯɵľ޴֡쳣׳ۡ
ĽʯܳȥȻֱͶɽеļ򣬺ܿɽø
쿴ǣ
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֨֨֨֨
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ֻ˿̵Сһ߳Լһ׸ߵʯϣʯһ޴ԲͰװ뾶Լнף˲һƽ棬°ݣγһ״İ
ʯϷһ֧飬Զֱ£ϵ𽥱ϸﶥ˵ʱ򼸺һĵ㡣
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һЦȻȥժ˫ȻһͣͻȻתݺݵسĶȥг˲˼飡


һʮ ͻ
ͻȻĹЦܶеļһͣȻ͵ĽתƵһԵڴ֮˿̵ڴ֪ʲôʱȻ˼ˡ
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Ů˾һЩ˼Ŀǰˣƺ벻һΪλ
ٺ٣ѹһû뵽ɣҼȻվȻԼķ
ؽϵ˿ժǰļɨԷһˣԼҪռơ
ֻҶ֪ϲô˵ɫЩѿӶͻȻֵҲЩִ
һڼ飡ЩĵĽ
ڼ飿ظ˼
ٺ٣һλһĮǳ޳ɣôѼкҲʵ̫˰ɣƺǰļʮֵϤһ۾ϳǰ˵ݡ
ϵĺڲ£¶һŷӣ˵ǰļɨһۣű˴˵˫
ҩ벻㾹Ȼû꽫ĮǸϳȥΪڻĮУ벻Ӳ޳һӶǰ֮ʮַС
ߣްԣ㻹ᵱ֮£ҪϷΪƾǶ˻ὫҴˣۣϷȻڻĮĻٺ٣ھǸܱӦʱˣҩһϵıԹ
Ϊһ˾ҩȴȫĮĮǵνʵ飬֪ж޹Ⱥ¡ҩʦǾˣȴɱħŭԹоѵɱ𣿡
֮ѵüгɱ⡣
ҩ˼һҩʦҩʦҲһʮϡеְҵȻϿûж֣ȴͬʦһͬ˵ĳԭֻΪܹƳΪ֮ĵҩ
ҩһĶֻΪҩ޸ƣʵеĵҩβ
һ·Ѿǧ࣬Լʵٴһȼ˼һŵҩܹһʵβȻĶ
ҲҩʦĵλһԾǧɣЩռݸλǿߣʹЩҩʦҪ
ҩ֮ǰҲһҩʦҩʮֲףĮ˾ĹˣǺȴЩϡŹֵĶȤһЩҩжҩݸԼץͨ˳ԣЩǰҩԼƷһЩħ޵ֲͨ˵ϡ
ҩһ̬Ĺ涨ǾǷҩ˱һòŮӣԷǶʮµĴŮòĮǵĹħħ֣ҩĵλֻܹŭԡ
ҩԽԽ̬ҪħצԼŮͽܡ
ٺ٣ôҵĺͽǲǰΪʦѧϰƵҩʱˣ
ҩĹЦѴجΰĻжѣҪԼ˸ۣʱĮǳĻһĶ֡
뵽״ѾͶǰλġʦ֮ǡ
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ģ㰴ڴϺݺݵر޲ߣ
аһҩתһԵļˡλҪˣСǽңļǸ𣡡
ٺ٣ģˣ
ҩļһȻǰѼˡ
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ްڼɨһ˿أЩЩ⣬˵ЩڻĮ쳣ļ࣬һϰףֻܹסĥɻĲŻᱻϣЩಡģͻᱻ
ֲп淽ʽ³ɳ壬Ȼ쳣ı뺷˿ǰ⼸˾ȻԱʱްԵоͿһ£ֲõԤС
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ͻȻ¶һ˿ţЩżĴȻ˿ǰʯڵѾʼ𽥿ʼήƺû֮ǰޡ
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һԵҩͻȻһȳܶʯȥĿȻƯʯڵѪƱ
óѣһͻȻһ죬һǾٱͻȻ֣ڿзһ죬ȻܶҩХȥ

ްͻȻȵȻ̳Ŵӳҩȥ
ٺ٣޳Ķǣ
ͻȻǰռһͻȻӰȻް˵
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ް˱ҩҩǳû˵سһԵѪƱȥ
һһ˦һһһ͵ĴڳֱӳҩԴ
ԼʮֵҩûκεĸԣƾЩŭԹԽɱüΡ
ٺ٣Ȼʦ֣ɲҪǣһпɶҽ̸أ
ҩЦһͻȻ˫ڴȻͳһƿһץס˦ıӣȻƿ˦У
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ƿڿȻ飬ȻһƬɫĩѸٵķɽܣռ丽ȫЩɫĩʱ䶼ģ
һ㶣͵סԼӣڣԼ
ٺ٣ûõģҴǲɹɢֻҪһ㣬̾ͻȫҵҪܹã
۾һɣԥĴһֻץסԼ䣬Ȼ͵һʱӳ¶Ƭѩ׵ļ
ûһԵҩȻץסȻӵһʯеȪˮУȻѸٵİסԼס
ҩ۾޼ɵ¶ѩ׼϶Ϳݺݵһڿˮһ˿࣬ͻȻıԼ뷨һβҪѪߣҪŮ˴ߡ
һҪڴϺݺݵر޲ߣ
ҩ뵽ȻһԾ£һѳѵĲץȥ
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ҩŶԷľޣ˫ȻһȻһһҫ۵ĻͻȻ
ٺ٣ΪҩʦѵĶԾʽ
ҩָһȻеĻ羫һ㲻ϵӡۻҡ
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ҩеĻͻȻ쳤Ȼ𽥱任Ϊһ泤ǹʽǹͷϵĻ治ȼգʮֺˡ
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ҩһȻȻ˼еĻ泤ǹٵĻƿռٵĳŶѻȥǹڿзܹ
ΣңͻȻһ죬оȻ˦һ·ת쳤ѸٵĽеĻǹסһת޲ϷתһѸٵĽǹȥ
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ҩߣȻ˫ٴ뻳вͻȻץɫҩ裬Ȼ͵ķУһȥ
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ĳһҩͻȻһȭӳԭڿн֮µĻǹ뾣˲ʧȥƽ⣬޶ʱѣǹٴγ˲͸ѵؿڡ

ͻȻضڿлȥһξ룬Ȼصˤ䵽һԵϣݺݵصڵء
ѵؿֱӱᴩѪⷭѪˮӿ
ۣ
³һѪվһԼؿڵƣæͳһŵҩȥԭ԰׵ɫԱúһ㡣
ȥѹްԴ
Է˲ŽްԸǷֱһһĻ󣬷ͻȻһŭȻ˵ٴαһҰһҰ
һȭԷǷȭͷȴݺݵһԵ
ɽ·𶼲˲ԭһ˲飬ȻٵԷɽһ޴Ĺֳǰ
һȭƻֲ˹
ԼĶ־ȻδתһԵȥ
ֽǰ˵ĹˣްԳɨһһԣѾѵһԵȥʱķеĵǡ
ްԵ˼˴˶һۣмĺͻȻڡ
ʹںϼܣ
˵ͷͻȻ˫ֿʼٵĽӡͬʱԶ˼˲γһֱߡ
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ܵͬһڶ͵һǻסΣ˵ͻȻʹһ·ǳһ㡣
ʩչͬĶȻ󵱴˵ȭͷϿʼ˸Ź⻪ʱ͵һȭվǰһ˵ļȥ
䣡
ǰݺһ̲ס³һѪͬȻһѸٵʹ˵Ѹ͵һʮֿŵĳ̶ȡ
ǰһ˲·ҪըһĶ֣ްԵ¶һ˿ǵǰ͵ؿʼʩչͬʽʱͻȻ۾
á
ԥ˫ƳȻһƣԼǰγһ޴Ķơ
ްǰĶƸոγ֮ʱԶԷĹҲѾǰ
ں֮ơػ
ްԽάǰķƣȻͿһҫ۵һӺݺݵײǰĹϡ
飡
һ̰ȥһ顣
ڶܿʼ˿˿ѺۣܿЩѺ۾ӵܣ֩һѸٵĴܡ
ǣ
ĳһ̣һްͫһǰĹڳܲסļޣ˲Ȼ˵Ĺ⻪ʧڿС
ڹʧ˲䣬ԭѾߵĹžȻٴȻһײްԵļϡ
ǰɣ
һѵȻް³һѪ˳ȥ


ԶķͻȻŭȻͻȻްԳȥڶԷײǽϵʱס˶Է壬޴˼ȥ
˫ڵϳһĺۼȻײǽ֮ͣԼػסްԲŲƼء
ҩûԶˣͻȻһԶڵϵѳȥǻһ˿Цٺ٣ҵĺͽܣ˵Ӳҵĵģ
ҪվϴʹȴᣬԼ˹ҩѵһ˿
ѼҪı۾ʱǰͻȻһ޴춯ܶĶڴͻȻһ޴Ƭʯʼ£һӰȻ֣ӳѵǰ
֣һȭҩȭͷײһҩ޷˱˳ȥ
ͻȻֵ˼Ȼͣ½Ųתһǰѣ٬Ļȴ·װĴԷĶС
Ǹˣ


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ԭѾ۾ѵȴĽ٣ǵԴЦĻʱ۾ĽëһգһգƺЩ̫ǰһС
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ЩεǼ⣬˵ˣϸĽĻµֱӽ̫ƨɣ⼸˿»ʮֵĲˬҿȽǰ⼸ϸĸͰɣ
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ȷϣŵͷתƵһԸղűԼȥͷϡ
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Сӣ˭
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˵ȻתضҩһǿߣѾȫԸĶԴ
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СӣǾƲԳԷƣȻҪΪУôҲɣ
ҩһȻ˫Ȼһ飬һһǿĻͻȻܳȻ˲ϣγһ׵Ļ泤ޣӵľͷǷֳɣÿһɶһŵĶɡ
˫Ȼһ˦еĳ޺ݺݵ˦ɳȥȻųȥ죬Ʊˡ
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ҩǴڴͳһŵҩȻѸٵԼдڵĽţͻȻ˫ֳȻٵڿлһ޴ԲȦ˫ֻȦٶԽԽ죬ĳһֻܹһӰ
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Сĵ㣡̳ˣһӳصҩǰĲǼеϣСӵʲôˣôƵϼһʩչУ
ǰĲҩɫҰףľǰĻ沨ӳճɫ
һ¶һ˿Цٺ٣Сӣһԣ
ȥɡ򲨣


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޴ĻǵأԴҩ֮ͻȻһĿĹâȻѨ˲䱻ĿĹâ֣ȫ۾ֹ۾ˡ
â׵壬â仯һ̣ԥ˶תһ֣ǰͻȻз
֪Լ˿һɢƺʹǸղҩҩáȻһϵеսҩѾɢȻսɹɢ
о֪ܹбˣԥһҧ⣬˲ʹʱָǣٴοһ۱Լþиѣһƣѵ屻ƮƮƵܶһԵһڰĽС
ѵƶ֮гĻ򣬷ĿʼȫԪҲӿһĨ
ĳһͻȻ˫ۣͫ˲ɫһһ
ͫܣ
ͻȻ˫һ죬ǰܶˮĵط˲ӿȻеȪˮ˲ǰ˫ֵĲȪˮˮɱȻܿıһԲεĶơ
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䣡
δļѾ˲ײڱϡıм׷ɣԭβƵıܾȻ˲䱻ײ顣
һ֧˲˱ܵǰ㣬ڱвѸתĻͫȻһδκεķӦͻȻһһ˲䱬ը
䣡
쳹ܶ˲䣬ܶен˲Ƭʯ̳ɢһ޴ӳԭأĿռҲʼݱüȲȶ
һɫӰݺݵײ˳ȥײһԵļʯ֮ķ϶УûϢ
ҩִɢǰļʯһҪֱӳȥɱ嵽һȴͻȻͣ£ЩĿǰĳһ
ղֻսǰʯеѪƱѾʱ䣬޴ĻѾʼ𽥿ήڵѾԲ֮ǰޣҪڴϼӾͻֱӵ㡣
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Ȼ汦ڶʮһ汦Ȼ˿£ǽӴֱܹӶס
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˫ЩѪ˫ָ첲ϲϵֳ磬Ȼϵıмǲϵڻ
ĿԼеѪƱҩͻȻЦ
ѪƱȻҵõˣ
ҩһŵĴЦʱͻȻоһգڵͷʱȴеıѾҩ̳ԿȥֱӴ˿̶Է˻սƺû˹˼
뵽ҩȻһ۾ȻæתͶĳһ
Ȼ˿ЩĴԼǰѪƱҩɨһѪƱֱӱŽ˿ռָС
㡭СӣöȥˣϽҾҩЩֻŵĺ
ѪƱȻԼǰ˲ʧˣƾղǾֻ˵ǰĹ
ĲһǵѪûԷһһԵĽ䣬忿һϣ۾ЩĴߡ
Ȼ˿ԼУҩصŭͻȻŭĴ
Ȼ˵ôҾɱ㣡
˫ͻȻһģĻҩɢҩ˼ڻ˻С
ڻУҩ۾ҲһŻڲϵȼգʱɱ⡣
ȻϽҾɱ㣡ҩ˫һĻ˲ռܶܶеĵط·˲ͽ뵽˻֮УܴһжҪմ
վʯǰɫͻȻһ죬
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Ļ£ܶ˲䱻䶳⣬ԭºеˮͻȻڿУȻѸٵ䶳·ȼյĻ汻׵ıˮһԭĻ𺣣˲ͱ׵ı⣬ƬıƬϵĵ䡣
ԭҩΪԼ޵е𺣾Ȼ˲ͱĸɸɾЩ͵Ŀһǰʧĸɸɾܶ
ҩһ˿񣬡ȻˣǾȫɣ
˵仰ҩͻȻһ˿֮ɫ


һʮ ҩ
е鱦ȥҩ˳׵ķŭˣߣԹĿһеɱΡ
졭
ҩҧг˵ĳһͻȻ۾Ҳֹͣ˶ȫһվԶ
һͣȻٵİγѪħ˫һٳŶԷȥܶԷҪʲôҪɱ
ΪһǿߣҩһαһԼȼС˶С˵ңеŭһӿǲɱˣ»ȥԼΪЦϣ
ҩƺĶȫĲᣬĳһ̵ٴ۾ʱͫѾ׵ı˳ɫ˵Ҳһ˲ñ䷢
δ˫־ѪħݺݵسҩԴȥҩƺ˼ûСվԭĵȴĹ
ڶԷǰʱҩȻƮƮľ첲ֵĹ

һ˲·ǿ˽飬ֻо˫һ𵴷飬еѪħֱֶѪ
˺˼߼ͷһϵƣЩ˼Ŀǰҩ
˿̶ԷҲǡ̧ͷĵĿһ¶һ˿Ц
һղҩһƳĸоһ񣬾ͷ·һɭбһͷҰ޶ˣ
ԣղҩһͷѪħޡ
ͣ
ҩͻȻ˺첲ϵȻ¶ĿͫһЩ𾪵Ŀǰҩĸ첲
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ǡ
Щ˼ĶŶԷ˫֣еľ״Կ϶ⶫһĳħ޵˫צΪλڶԷ˫ϡ
ҩеľȣһ˿ɫȻ˫ֽգצӲϷǵ졣
ǿѹͷľȣȻٴսѪħŶԷȥһٶȸ죬ӾͳڶԷȻ˫־ݺݵؿ£ǶԷҲԤϵĶһ㣬ͻȻתȻһ㽫ץ˹
ҩץסоϴľҵʹԼǿҵϢУҪƴȴȫûԷĵֿһӦþеħ޲ܹ߱ġ
ҩͻȻ¶һ˿ЦȻ֣צֱӴ̽ؿڣʹһΡ
һССԪʦѵ㻹Ҫ첻ɣҩһҪĺ
ۣ
ͻȻһӱ͸ҩؿڣȻӶԷǰش͸
ҩŴͣЩ˼ĵͷһǰ˿ڣȻתһѽɫҰ׵ĿԼ
㾹ȻҰң
ҩͻȻתһ˦첲Ȼ˱һȭ˳ȥݺݵײһʯ屻ؽʯС
飡
ץסᣬеѪħһԷĶӣȻ˫ͬʱڶԷϣԷצק˳ȥ
ۣ
ҩ˺üͣ壬ͷһԼϵĻ˿ڣϵıԽԽıϷˣΨһһҲʧȥˣ

ҩͻȻ͵˫֣ܲϵĻȭȭݺݵҵΧǽϡ
䣡䣡䣡
һȭӡɽ죬ԭѾȹ̵̱ܶôƬʯµ䣬ܶҲֻʱ⡣
ãҩҪٵϽȥһ˿һܣȻԵͬ
ۣһȭƶԷؿڣԷƣ̺ԥתȥ
ţ
ްЩʹĺ͵ػȭԼǰֺɵһԵʯС
ţЩߵĴһȻ͵سһԵһþ޴ʯȥ˫ַʯȻֱʯ˳
飡
˫ֱž޴ʯȻһײڶĶϣ˫ϵǰܣԷֱӲһԵǽС
Ͻ˳ȥûʱˣ⴦ѨϾҪˣްԴһ㻹ڲ϶һԲµľʯ
ҾҪ㣡ҩٴλӳȭȻһŶѨڷȥ
飡
һͻȻһԵʯӳһУһԵѪħӹγź˵ҩȥ
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޷֮£޴ȭӡݺݵػжԷؿڣҩһ䣬ֱӱɽڵʯУ޴ȭӡȥƲٴκݺݵҵһԵһʯϽҶϡ
һ׵ļܶݣƬʯ鳯µԭܶ˲䱻ʯ
̶˲䣬ܶ˲ΪƽأΧɽʯȫ˴ûһ˿ĳ·


һʮ 
ѻֻۣоϵʹԼɢܣȫûһʹҲ֪ﵽ
۾Ȼٴ˷ԼӦΧĺڰߣڷΧһ˿΢ЩƵĹߡ
ʶ֮ǰܶʱްӵõʯȻʱʯҲѵ˼ʵ
ڼ֮ǰԼҩһȭɳȥȻԼײɵʯУʱĻԣ֮ԼƺЩ̫Ժƺо˽Լﵽ
ЩŵɨһΧĻʯһΧģĵطȫںڰУΧĻ
ŲԶˮ֪Լû뿪ܶƺһѨ
ͷʯ΢âһϵƣѵϴһ˿ݣԼһ˺أؿڵļ˿ѪⷭԿĹͷ˿ڻڲϵѪٲʱֹѪԼͻΪʧѪݿ
ֳȥȴһ㶣ΪȻһֻ첲Щֵʹڶ˫ţȻǰ֮ߵһԣؿһԵǽϡ
ڽţȵĴЩֵĳһԱԼ߷˿ȥ
üͷһ壬Щ̫ȷƶ¹ʯĹâٴȷһ¡
𣿡
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Сȣˣ
૵Ȼʱַŵ滺ŲһԵڵϻԲѵǰ
𣡡
壬ǶԷûκεķӦ
һһֲõԤӿͷæŲ忿ȥȻıǼ̽һ£о֮ĵĺһеĵġ
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ǵҩ֮δȥǱ˿Уüͷһ壬ЩżɨһΧڣ߼һԵһұϡ
ĳŵվȻһһյȥѿǰұڣ˿ұϷڻسµˮΣֻˮεٶʮֻ
ЩԥĿһұϷȻٴתһڵϻԲѵѲһҧǽڿ˹ȥ
İǽϣȻѵбԴ̴ڣС΢ţҶϲϵˮΡ
ȵһȪˮ֮ѲٴһȳһյĻصǰ˫ϥڵϣЩ˼Ŀһ𣬵Ȼ֮Ѳͣ΢㽫Լӣڵȥ
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еȫһɿʣоɢ˼һܣ۾ǾͿǰԼٴλʵ޴ɫ


һʮ 컶Ѩ
ΪԼƫƫʱѹһҲһӣڤڤעƫƫԼ˼
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Ȼٴα۾װ˯ѼֱЩֺЦһԼȻٴװ˯ѵ
֮ǰѾѾԼΪ˫һֻж㣬ټײ֮ΣѲװʲô鶼ûз
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֮ǰϼһսԷˣҪܶݻ٣ҽɳȥ֮ҲͬʱѨˣҽʯŪʱѾûʱӳȥˣʱܶϾҪݣ鼱֮¿һԵĺڰƺиѨǾʹ˹ȥֻû뵽ԼȻʯУͻˣ
򵥵Ľ͵ͬʱʼյͷ̧ͷѵ۾
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Ǹ˵ѪƱָġ𣿡һԵͻȻһӿռָȡһֲЦ


һʮ 
ӿ΢ţЩ˼ĿеɫĻ䣬ΪԼΡ
գգ۾ȷȷʵԼѪƱѸеԼ඼ھҵ
֮ǰѪƱǱҩߵģѲΪλУ֮ǰϲûеطԲ䣬ôǽⶫص
ѵԼԵʱҩģЩ뵽
Ҫȥӹȴֽܿ˻ѪƱУǶԷƴҩжõģⶫ֮
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һ㶣¶һ˿һۻԵѣһҧֳŸڶԷΨһһȥ


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һ֮ųһȻվϸĴǰѨ
Ѩռ䲢ԼʮƽԿ֮ǰǸܶӵһСͶңһһĳ߰ʯͿԲ³ԭӦͨ涴ѨĶڣֻϧ֮ǰܶݽѨ˽
һԻϵȪˮ˵ʱȪˮ伢˵ߣǼ첻ԷӦҲû⡣
˫һԵǽڣ˵촫һĬ죬ɫͱ˱䡣
ʵĵɽң˲Χʲôʯɶġ
ҪƾԼʵҿһ·ȥĻ»ʮֵѣܷɹһ
ΧѨתһܣһ·һ·ô򣬺ܿɫͱѿˣɽΧݵĵطȻȫʵĵǽڣҪͨΧȥļƻˡ
̧ͷһͷϷԼ׵ľ룬Ҳ˵ԼҪȥĻҲֻһˣ
ֱӴӶһ·ȥ
ѨѾȫܷ⣬Ҳôӯ˱취ȥĻǲҲпܱı
뵽ϵıҲࡣҪ취ȥ
ҪľǻָƣĻ˸ܴȥ
һط£ϥãʼˣѵƺأҪȥֻܹԼˣ
ĶҲͱ˲٣ر۾ʼˡ


һʮ ȥ
δ
ĶѨ͵Ĺߣ˯Ů밲꣬˶ѨеˮѨѰ
Ľëգգ˯õڻ۾ǰɽЩɨһշԼǰԶϥ
üϸ֮ǰ飬Ѳ۾׼
ǵԼǰϸŵһ·ʱ̻һԼ·̳һԵȥȻ˿ǴһЩϵǼԼϵһ
Щ͵ԴоһƺЩңͻȻѵһͣƺʲôһ㣬͵ƿԼ·һۡ
ȻԼʲôûУһ·еķ⣬ԭЩ̷ԼǰѾõ˿ڡ
ЩͷʹıԼԴһʱЩ֪룬ôᷢչԼǵ֮ǰԼҪҪȰһ˿ڣʱԼĻؾˣʲô
ȻԼϸ·ϵ˿Ѿˣôֻܹ˵ԼѾȫ𿴵ˣһпܶԷԼйӴ
뵽ֿܣҪĳ嶯⵽ô£Լֻǵ죬ȻԼƺȰ˿ڣԼ߾ͿʼģԼȫȻ֪ˡ
ѵԼ˯ŵʱԼʲô飿
뵽ֻоһѣΣæͷԼ壬ԼҹȻúõĴԼʱѲųһ
ǰԼ˿ڣҶԷûʲôðѲĵķеĵģˡ
ڵϣ˫ȣȻ˫ֱԼСȣԴķϥϣ۾ЩĴһ
⻹˽Ĵһԣ˻˹Ļ£ѲЩӿ졣
˵ʵѵгòôߴӢЩѣŸӸһֺøС
Ǵ˿̵Ļͬʱ뵽˾ܹһԼԣѺɵľ͸еһİ·ֻҪԣѾ͸еһж⡣
ŵ۾ٵӣȻ촽һ·£ϸϸĴԼҪСϼСܵܣͻȻо˵ԵһԻѷޣĻҲ
ã죡
ֻҪԼңǵɽ𺣣ҲҲòʲô⡣
ſѲЩˣ뵽һõĻУͻȻӻоѵʱ򣬲ͻȻֵķԼô˹뷨
ЦҡҡͷԼǻħˣ
뵽ͻȻһƤСŮһͷһʱƤɰ˾ޣϧ˿ĳȴ޸ܡ
˿Ȼ۾ѲĺһȻ¶һĵЦ⡣
ڴ˿ͻȻ۾ȻͿǰһ΢Цա
һһЦȻɣ
ѵˣһСŮһ㰲ı˫ȣ˵ģκһСɵĽѾ̲סаһ
һʱЩĳˣһμѵЦȻЦû뵽ŮЦȻ˵ĶˣŮҲ¼κһ˸ԸΪһŭ
뷨𲻽ЦҡҡͷŷֶԷѾЦݵͷ
εĸɿ˼䣬ղԼƺֳˡ
Ǹˣ
Щ˼Ǽ⣬ı׼ԶֻҪһξͻ͵͵Ǽ⡣
ţ
ӦͻȻԼȻ֪Ȼ֮ǰԼ˹ȥ֮չЩΡ
ǸǸʹԴ֪νͣһҧ׼ʵʵ˵
Ǹղ˹ȥΪǸϼһĶצβߵ߶ԡղҡѾѶƳˡʱûʲôΣգ
ȻΪԭѲľĵķһͬʱ֪ΪΣоȻͬʱһ˿ź
֪ˡ
ǸղҲЩðˣѽ㲻ҪЩ˼ĵͷ͵
һҪԼѲֺֺЦȻǸɰСкѵǶĺø˲٣
ǸˣѲεĻۣתһ⡣
⴦˿ڣûʲôˣЦ˵
ͻȻԭѴԼ·ȻЩʴ󣬵ȴһζ
ȻǷĵĴԼԼ嶼ˣһЩҲôˡ
ƺֱˣЩĵĿһΧ
ٺ٣ѽ㣬İɣһԳȥģЦ
а취ͻȻ¶һ˿ϲЩʵ
ЦȭͷȻָָ˵ͷ
ǿһ·ȥ


һʮ ɹ
ȥ
ЩɻĿǰЩ̫˵ĺȥʲô˼
˼ǡֱӴһͨЩȷʵ
Цŵͷԣһ£ھĴֱ벢̫ߣڳȥɳ㣬Ҳͻʣ¼ʯ㣬ֻҪܹͨһʯȥӦûʲô⣡
㲻Ҫǣǻ棬ǴֱӳϴȥĻôпܻʱȫҪһһʡ
Цżͣѽ㣬ûҵĻָĲֱȥָĿž׼ĲٿأȻԪӵ£ֱӴһȥİɣЩʯ鶼ʮСʱֻҪһԵıԵλòʲôģ
ѻЩģܱ֤˾׼ĲٿҪ֪һǿ߶һܹ׼
εĵͷѽ㣬չҪһµģղѾˣǱȫܷķ⴦ռ䣬ΧĿֻô࣬ǲܹѰҷȥĻҲᱻ
һ㶣˿̲ŷ˵ԣЩǵĲ鿴һߵĻüͷ˼ʱһԵĽͻȻһ֨֨֨졣
üͷһ壬չЩϲĺף׹
֨֨֨֨
ֻڰһӰȻһСѾܵѵǰС
ѻеСЩ棬СһѵǰʹĲţ𲻽һۣ벻СһﾹȻ˺ɫ
Ȼ֪룬ĻһҪж˿顣
ףŻˣΪܵȥأѵͷڶԷСԴزţһʱ䣬СŮ̬¶
һԵʱһ벻СԼ޸ҪǿˣԼ͵͵ĻҪĵǴСǺãֱӹĿ׬ˣһʮܵӣ
֨֨֨֨
СѵĻ˼Ȼ̧ͷСС۾ѡ
Сһ˵ʲôЦſЦ
˵ԼףʲʮӦÿԳȥ
ԭǿЦ˵һ䣬û뵽ѾȻĻشˣ
㡭ܹ˵Щȵʵ
֮ѵıԵı˲٣̧ͷЦЦҲû֮ǰĲȻ
һֵ󣬺ʹɽһóڵ궴СʱһֻħޣЩ궼һֻң죡
ͷƺָܹоû뵽ѾȻֻСĸ顣
ںˣȻСһ˵Ϸ㲢̫ǿֱҳһȥˣ
Ц˵ȻһλŮܱյĿռÿһ˵룬ǣȴҶ룬Ҫ֪˿˿ȫˡ
ǡа𣿡ѻЩǣȻͷϷʯ㲢񣬵㲻ҪǣԼϡ˵ҲǺ£㹥󣬺ܿɳ©һֱ©Ȼ󲻶ϵؽǻ
һϷҡҡͷչҪһ£վһԵıԵشܿ⴦λáһ£
컹˵ЩʲôȴʮְԵֹˣ
ѽ㣬Ŀǰֻһ취ˣСƲܹˣ
һ㶣֪˿ΪҪ־ȥʵ˴˿ˣǴ۷״̬û뵽ԷȻΪԼ
ͻȻһжС󣬴δںĹ
Ѳ˵Ŀһ
Сĵ㣡
˵ѱֱӱСߵһԱԵ䣬ЩĵĿ
תЦЦص˵ͷ
İɣһὫĴȥ
˵Էı仯һ˿ʼרע׼ϸͷϷҶ۲һ
ĳһ̣ͻȻͣ£Ȼ޻ڵһȭȻӳ׻
䣡
޴ȭӡ˽ȻӳصһԵǽϣѻδӦҶͻȻһ޴졣Ȼ·𶼲ʹһԵǽڣЩĵĿ˫ָ󣬰ͦض
һ̵꣬ս
ը˴ԼһֶӣȻѱ㿴Ƭмʼµ䣬ȻûһʯͷȫһЩϸСʯм
ȵɢѲŷֶϷѾһ˻ĶѨеɳй¶δ֣ͬҲûκεĹͶ
ʧ𣿡Щźĵ˵
ৣ
ͻȻĳѵǰЦЦȻͻȻѵľнٴӵѨ롣
𡭡㡭ʲôֻоԼϵļ٣Լʲô
ѽ㣬ҪúõرˣϾʹȥ
˵˫ٴסѵ˫ȺȻ̧ͷһϷĶڡ

һ챬ըδϷʯ䣬һԾȻϷɴܶȥ


һʮ ѩĸ
һѩ𴲣Ȼĵϴһ⼸ѩһ˵Լ
ǰʱΪ˱ԼѩǽԼôôױ˺ܶʱԼŮӵģˣ
죬ʹѩҪָŮ˸Լ׼ѩԼԭȴлطˡ
һѩ˴ߵ·شԼϡ
ھǰȫһģԼѩͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⣬жûлָŮˣԼҪˡ
ǣڴߵʱѩȴͻȻһĨĵģ
ԼΪʲôҪأѩƺЩ̫Լô͹ʹҪָŮ
ԺͻȻӰһЦƺԶԼһЦذԼժǵķ޷˵ĳ嵽ԼǰԼ¾ȳ
˽ǼһΣΪԼһʶܾõĸо
ѩһڴϣ˫ֻСȣĺ˼룬ֱ̫Ѿܸˣķһֱûκζ
ԭԼţȻһССľϲһﾹȻû
ѩЩĵСͣ򲻶ϵظ
̫ôˣһﲻ˯û𴲰ɣ
ͻȻѩ۾һ㶣һֲõԤС
Ѿ뿪˰ɣ
뵽ȷʵֿܣѩ´ȹȻֱӳȥŸڷȥ
վϢķǰѩ費ЩԥǶԷ棬һӳڵԼԼ˵Щʲô
żìܵ飬ѩĵؽѾַ
üͷ壬ջЩ̫ģѾ߳ѩתأȻţ
С㣡˭
ͻȻһѩֿͣ˰գЩ˼תһŮЩĴԼ
ǡѩԷüͷţƺЩ̫ȷϾʱѩؤʵЩ̫ĳ롣
ѩ벻Ů֮ȻôƯǼСһƴˣ
ŮҲ֪Сѩʮȣ֪ǰ˺СĹϵһǱѰȻȿ佱һ
ԷҲû˵ѣѩȷƯЩв
ǸһǸеأѩ룬ջЩ˼Ŀʵ
ѩСָүɣū澾ͷүˣƺͳȥˣΪһū澽뷿ɨʱѾûˣ
ѩһ㶣Ȼ͵˫ƿǰķţյģϵıӻİڷԭأƺû˯
ˣ
ѩϵıЩѿٴϸĴһڵκһԲ˵Ľ䣬֪ϵıҲܹ侲
ܣܣ
ѩЩʧĵĳһͻȻתԺȥһŮ
ѩŻŵĸոܵԺУȴķſڴһһŮ˻˽
ȻֻǴ˿ЩǱȫ֮⣬ֻһȫѪ
ϵҪӵΣЩ˼ĵͷſˣ˫ػסĲӣ͸ĺƻһ
Ѵ˿̵вϱֳ򶨣֮ǰڻĮҪԼߣΪˣʮѣǱԼٵĸϻĮǣ
Ȼ˵ʱй򶨣ǵĮǣѵľͱòˣ´˵ʲôѼҪԼߣСӾȻԼĽδΪɣһ·Լ˻ȻһĻ˲࣬ǿõȴÿһ̴Щ֪롣
ңҪһ㣬ѷԼʱ˿޵΢Ц
ˣıϲϵһŷԼһֻزԼԼ˼ûаѣֻɶԷš
ѩЩ˼Ŀǰ˺۵ˣ·Ȼѵϣ˻ƺȫ˿ڣ
ǡ
۾һѩ迪ڽĻûϳԷѩ裿Ȼ㣿û뵽㻻Ů֮ȻƯ
Ļѩһ˿ϲ⣬ЩԾʵ׷ʲô飿


һʮ ҩʦ
ķУϥڸɾĴϣһԵϵȼȼʹĴһɵ
۾³һԴɫ˵۾ࡣ
սȭͷоȫһ󼤵
۷Ԫʦˣܹоʱпͻƣ
ϴεͻƽǹȥ˼ʱ䣬ܹٴѸͻƣٶѾʮֵ⡣
´ЬȻչһ֫һലѪħбȻŻش򿪷ţƵ˳ȥ
ϴǱĸϻѾʱˣʱһֱǰĴԼķˣǳ˵ҩ˻˯
ҪԼܵ࣬ҶԷһŮˣȻЩʵվ˵ȡ
ߵԺУһ۾Ϳ˰ڻ԰еǧϰѩ裬СѾͷʮĽЬѵȻǧԼصţһ˫а׵˫İڶţԵ崿磬Ŀˡ
һӣңѩͻȻִӷ߳һЩʧæǧȻæҵĴЬؾصĵͷãֻ߻ϸļԼЩطûдá
Щŵĵͷͬʱȴ͵͵ĽŲԼ߹˫ųѩǰʱѩŵܹоĿ
û뵽Ů֮ȻƯô࣡Ŀ
ЦǺǵĵͷŶԷѩ˿ȻоϲװʮȻ̧ͷ
ƺˣ
ЦŵͷѽĵҩѾõĲˣھʣؿڵһᴩˣ
ѩһལѽ㣬ѽ㣬еĻʶ˼찡ȻͽϽˣûһö
һȻ֪Լ˵ʲôЩεǼ⣬Ǹǲ˵ʲôˣ
ûУ
ѩ̿ٵĻص˾ͿʱǵѩСʮֲˬ
Ů˻ǸֵĶĵ뵽Ȼٴʵˣѽôˣ
һѩ͵һӳݺݵصһȻ֪㲻Լȥʰ
˵תʮί뿪ˣȻ
⡭ô°Щεһ̯֡
Ȼѩ費ԼֻһȥſڣͿ˫жЩ̫ڴһȳһյŬӦ·
ѽ㣬ƺˣҪڶɼ𣿡ЦǰһкҪŶԷȴͻȻ뵽Ѿڵµܶ˵ݲûǵ̶ֳȣεͣڰУֻЩڨЦջԴ
ȻǿΣЦȻһȳһյصϣȻŶЦЦ
û˵ɲҪˣһҩʦҩʦľˣԣܵԼܹӦ
ߵһ£һĽҩʦȻǱ𾴺ƳְҵڳصƵǵȴ׾٣򵥵һŵҩܹɸ㶨
ڶЩźΪԼһҩʦˣܿ뷨ϾûκģҪ֪ԼڲٶҪȳ˿һ˿һʦԼʥߴԼġѪħеһЩԼĵƣԣ뵽⣬ָеһ˿ңϾԼҪ˵Ķࡣ
һӿռָóǿѪƱЦŽŵǰϡ
ⶫ֮ǰ㱣ܣڽԭɣ
һ㶣黹Щ̫ڣЩ̫ȷʵȷҪѪƱ͸Ҫ֪鱦ûʲô;ⶫļֵ㻻ҪĶ
ЦЦѽ㣬˵ЩҶֻ֪֪ⶫȷʵã˵֮ǰⶫҵֻԭѣ˵ˣ֪ѪƱҩʦŲЦĺôҲԵԶͶʣԺĻͲ˼ܾˣһЩСĻģ
һ㶣΢΢ů˵ԾΪԼеⲻȥȷʵѪƱȷʵҩʦŲСջ
ȻˣҲˣĻʱԵҽˣԺĻƵҩҪǿң
ͻȻٺЦЦѽ㣬ҵȵľ仰أڻһѽһ£
һ㶣ת¶һ˿Ц΢ЦָĿ
ȻǸСͷأ˵ɣҪʲô˵أ
Щ˼ͷǸѽһ£֪֪Ԫ


һʮ Ҫ£ڣ
Ԫݣ
źÿüͷ˵ĳһͻȻ̧ͷһɲǼ¶һ˿΢Цǣ
㻹ʶˣҲĮֻУ
۾һЩϲվģѽлԪݣ
ԭֻһʣδϣû뵽ԷﾹȻУ⵹еӵľϲ
Цŵͷ⻯Ԫ鱦ϵһֲ鱦ڵʮߡҲһֱȽϡеҩݣΪĹЧЩ⣬ԼֵҪһЩ벻㾹ȻҪֶ
ѿһڴ񣬲ЦҡҡͷȻ㽫ѪƱ͸ңҲֻóȫһˣ
˵ѱվȻ˫գжЩ̫һȳһյһԵһ䣬Լ˼ӣűһСɵĻ˳
еĻеֲ۾һֻѱŵĻһСֲƬҶչ˵ֲﵹ˵һСݣݲ֮òȫǴɫģӨɫʮۣһۿȥ֪ʲôƷ
æǰЩϲĽӹеĻ裬ǻԪ𣿳ùȻЩ⣡
ЦǺǵ£ϲ̵ĴŻеֲԸаԼҲƽһЩϾҪֵ껯ԪѪƱЩģȻҲһ鱦һ汦ˣ
ⶫЩ⣬ںڰвſҵʱҲһɽУҲⶫԭ򡣡
һҪעˣ⻯ԪȻһ֣ʹõʱȴʹ֦Ҷʹĸ֦ҶжģϿ̻˵ģ
һ㶣˵ҽ컹ǵһ֪
ЦЦҲעһ㣡ʹõʱֱӳȥУ
ͷһս˿ռָУռָǡÿ
ͻȻӣЩεЦǸѽ㡭һһҪѯһ£
һ㶣ͻȻ¶һ˿ζЦݣôˣѵֿʲôöˣ˵ɣ
æڰ֣ǲǣֻһҪ㣡
¶һ˿ɫæ͵ǡ֪֪ѩôˣղΪʮӣҶǰӣ
һ㶣û뵽Ȼʵ⣬һʱ䲻֪ν
Ҳ֪ԼʵЩͻˣæ͵ģղҿѩһڻ԰žȥк˭Ұӣ
ǲǺ˵ʲôˣЩʵ
û˵ʲôҾ˵ŮװƯȻѽˣ˭֪Ȼˣ
һ㶣ͻȻ¶һ˿ζЦ⣬㻹ǲ˽ŮӰ
ôѵѽ֪ʲôԭ򣿡ɻ
ҲµӦûʲô룬ҿɲܸ㣬㻹Լȥȥɣúõ죬ѩѾͷһô֧ŵʮֲףԣҪúõĶԴԺɲҪ۸
εһ̯˫֣ѽ㣬˵ȥˣһԼȥʰɣ
˵ĶӣʣһЦĿǱܡ
Сɫǣû뵽޸ǳȻܹѩö㶯˴ģ

ŮϢһڴĴѰѩӰֻϧĮǰʵЩֳ࣬ˮҪѰһ˿ڴ롣
Ҳûʲô飬ͱѪħһ˻ڴϹ
߿ߣǰкϷ
ͻȻһȺȫٵĳǰȥ߱˷ܵĽ̸š
ɻĳԿ˿ڿٵǰȥƺǰʲôŴҡ
ʲô飿ɻüͷСȻ鲻ԽҲӿ˽Ųǰȥ
ѩʮֵĲģԭϵѩӵԹԼ⼸һֱڵƣľͷĵһ龹Ȼѽƣһ㶼ûйԼβѩģ
οһ˻ʱѽϿǽһ£ۼѩ軹ֳ֮⣬ѽʲôûд
вϵŴľͷѩһƵڴϹ䣬˭ͷȻһСײһ˵ıϡ
ѩȻ̵ǸǶԷȻ̲ҶԷԼ·ҪԼһ㣬ʮֶġ
ѾǸˣǵҪѩЩŭĵǰȺֵļһ
ٺ٣СǸʲôãղôǰϴײˣѵ㲻Ӧøһ𣿡һӵͻȻЦ˵
ԷĻͬһЦ˽ѩΧм䣬ͷ·ǴڴһֻССãɢһɫʣ
㡭һǸӶҸղײ²˶ôˣѩҲ֪Щȡ֣вЩŭȴֲ˼
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һͣһʱЩ֪룬˫ַڰգ֪ǲҪ£ķ˫֣Ȼѩļ
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Сӣ˭֪֪˭
ӶӳֺҵĲһǣѪȥɷĿǰΪ⣬Ӹ£·һ۸һӡ
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СӣҲӹǣҿ㰡ǸϽؼҼȥɣ΢һжҶԼӶӳЦ
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ĮǳҲȲˣ
Ȼ㲻˵Ǿֻһ𿳵ɣ
˵ͻȻԷ𺳵ĿУݺݵؿȥ


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λֵܻ飡
еĵݺݵسŶԷȥʱ򣬴ȺͻȻһ
¶һ˿Ц̲סҪվ𣿡
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СֵܣѾˣްɫЩεĺ
˽ѵҲͽѵˣպаŮνĽеӵϣ֣һֵĲ˰塣
ްεİڰ֣ˣȲСֵһİ˰ɣ
һۣƮƮ˵ȻǼǵöλʱӵܵı˭죡
ްɫһͣʱЩΣķɫһŭǰҪѵȴްһѸסˣҡҡͷȻԷ˫ŭ˵һԡ
ްЦЦЩε˵СֵܣʱҲ֪ǾǲҲֻܹ棬ԡ
Щ㲻ҪҽͣȥѽͰɣİ˰֣Բ̫ͬԷʱ
ѵˣ⼸һֱˣϴҲʧأҺͷˣһѾԶ˻ĮУްԵıЩء
Է˸УҲûбҪΪ˼ң˵ڵܶһҹˣλԣѾûʲôˣԣûһ°ɣ
ްԵͷȻұضѹǸ
һ۶ԷȻͻȻָһڵϺŵӶʵ޳ЩµӶ
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һĻûްЩͳΪϺо顣

ǺǣֵܣްЦǺǵһԵλϣȻŮǰ赹ˮ
ްڶܸȤʵԴϷ֮ްԾͶȤˣڵصܶԼɫıָްԶȤ
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ЦЦڴɽֵǷ꣬·˽֪Сô֪ܲ
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ްԵ仰£նʱ˭ҲûнһʱЩΡ
δţźۼĻеĲ豭طŵϣطһ죡
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ްȻǿĶЦ˼ȻŰ˰֣ô˵СֵˣǺǣʱҿ˲ĴŰģҺڤûκιϵҲʲôֻǸȤѣ
Էȷʵûʲô仯һδɾ衣
Ǻǣ֮ǰ˵ֵܵ¼ϴεһμҾЩˣֻδȷֱܶпֵܵʵҲŸҴ󵨲²⣬ֵһڤдսǿ߶ڲ֮صǸꡣްЦǺǵ˵
Įڤ֮Զԣֵܴɷģ˵ڤİҲڴɽһǵ˴·ϣѣԣǸطڤڵӰûôˣ
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һ㶣ɽ᣿


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ɽ᣿ʲôЩɻʵ⻹Լһ˵ɽʡ
ף㲻֪ѵ㲢Ҫȥɽģ
ֵްԳԾˣı鲻αްԷɻˡ
Ĵ˴֣ʵʵ˵˵ʵҽ컹ǵһɽᣡ
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װʮɵʵ޳˽⣿֪ʲô֮
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һȤĶԼްԲЦЦ֪ΪʲôԾ׺ΪܹнݽʱĻ˵ͻᾭܺصϴ죬ʱֻҪ㵽ĳһȼ۷彫Ҫʱͻʮף
˵һԪʦĻ˿Ծ׺оϴ죬պ󵽴ʮԪʦҪһʱͻʮףԺԾ״ľ޴ѣΪǶ֪ҪͬһȼһʮףҪһȼ׵һȼͻʮѣԪʦ׵׵ʣѸǳʱ
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ǿߣڶԷЭ£մһЭ飬ɽû꿪һΣÿһҪʮˣʮ˾Ǵѡ˱ɵһΪϵ˻ʵѾһױģ˵ʻǶڵ˵ؽݶǵü΢ԣ໥Լʮ˱ǸһٮٮߣȻеĳЩΪӰȻһЩ̶ʣµЩСɻǸֻܹǽʣ΢ļ
ްԵĽͣ𲻽һԼڸոսԪʦǿͨûʲôĻ»ҪܳһʱܹףԼܹȥнһʱĻǶԼպĪĺô
ްǺεȻǿɫС˵ֵǲĶˣϾȥнһ£պ˵ʮģ
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һ󶫲ӰϷеʮڶڶжԼЩĸٴξʮ
һ㶣Ļ⼸ľʮֵļң
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ЦЦл޳Ĺˣʱκεɣ
ްЦŰ˰ֵ֣ˣҲôɣһʮ˵ɱֹᣡ
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ΪҪǡɱֶüٵݼ빤ᣬƽʱʱǻͨˣǵȡ֮Ǳ̸֮ɫɱ֣˵ɱְҵްҲϲƺʮ
۾һԷôһ˵ȷʵһѡ
ҪǵʱܹȥɱֹƼʸ񣬵ɽһЩòʽ㱳ϾɱֹӰ췶Χ鲼½ǵɱֹᣬʱͼпɱֵΧɲÿһܹܵģ
ȷʵЦЦл޳Ľˣһúÿǵģ
Ǻǣֻ˵˵ѣôҪԼˣһεĲμѡεУļأ
ѣЩ⡣
һȻı飬ްͻȻЦų죬˵һ֣
ڤڣ


һʮ Ԫ
ڷУִӿռָͳһ裬֮ǰѸĻԪݡ
ڳͨްԵĽ̸һʱ֪˲ٶڵǸϴ躮ʮֵĸȤҪμɽĻͱҪȻòμѡεʸԣԼ߱Եʵ
ڤڻμһεѡΣ˼ʼûһεɽԼһҪμӣһڤɽһ鷳
ʱ䲻֪ôˣ૵ڤڣòҪʲô飬ĻƴһҲҪɱȮ
꣬תƵǰĻУĶ֣еĻԪڳĳ֮󣬾¶·һСظ
㶫𣿡
ǰһָĸǰⶫǴ˵е汦
ֱȥУȵ˸о֮ȻֱʣµԪˣԺͻȻ
ĵͷľȻûκλɣֱӶֽժȻԥĽһСظУ˽˼ڣȻȥ
ո¶ǣ̸оһůů¶Լߣ·ӳһʮ̹ĸоδã͸е¶ԽԽߣҿʼʹȫ¶ȼɫǵͨ죬ƺʱȼ
ǿڲʹУȫһȣ·һѸȼһ㡣
áÿ
죡ϽԪȻĻᱻɿŪñģȻԺд
ɫǺ죬ȻһתжһŰɫԪţϸһۣȻԥֱӷԼĿȥ
ֱӣȻϥڳƣûȥϲϵĺˮԼѸٽ뵽״̬
ڵͷ·һ¯żΪǿԼһ޴һҪſֱճΪԼõľԪ
һһףвϵε蹬ʱڵһηֱӵײ
飡
·ֻĶţһ㣬ǵһײڵĽѾ鲻ǿǰ֮ǰõľȻԵ˵Ĳһ
δţ˫һ壬һӡǣȻԭ蹬еı徫ͻȻӿȻѸٵĽſγһ޴Բ
ʱγһʮ΢ƽ⣬ҪıԪǿһЩɲȡϴİ취׼ֱӽ׵
һʼ׼ʽ̡ȻȫʹܣȻȫȻˣƾʹ裬ȻһĬĬҧ
ļ֣ʱһ˿ʼֱ仯ջرһӨ׵Ԫ蹬С

԰Уѩһ˰ĶһԵʯϣ۾һԵĺ㶵ĳﲻ֪Щʲô
ͻȻһֻӨѩļϣŵѩ͵һתعͷȥվŵʱŴһ
ѽѽ㣬ҰѩЩĽ
Цһԣ˲ǰĺһʱ˱Ȼޣ
ӣʲôأô񣡡Цſѩʵ
ʵԴ֪ѩаŮװԼѩĹ֮ѾͶǿСŮЩϲΪ̫СʱǸԼˣ
ûûʲôѩЩ̫Ȼæص
ѽһǵѩСŮղЩʲô飬ĸǰȻûв
ѴȤȻװģĿһѩ裬Źʮֲȷʵ
ѽѵǵСӴĵĪϲʲô˰ɣ
ѽѽϹ˵ʲôأ
ѩɫһ죬תĴһѵĸ첲ϵĽȷ˭Կġ
ѹضŶԷ۾Ȥһǲ¶أӣ㿴ļҹˣ߽ңȥȥ
ѩɫͨ죬ߵĲѣСıѽͲҪҴȤˣûе飡
ǺǣΪѽ㻹ǸӰ˵ʲôȫдˣ
ѩЩգǿЦʱѩ֪ԼϵˣæЩɬתȥ
ѽѽ㣬̫ˣԺѩ費ˣ
Ǻǣ˺ˣ㿪ЦˣǵС˼һ۾ܹԣҪ̫ΪЩȥ꣬ʱⶫһԵ֣ǿģͻȻ̾
ѽ㣬㡭ϴκܶûСûСѩͻȻԼȥˣɬĵͷѡ
ûʲôЩɻʵͻȻʲôһ㣬ȻͻȻһ£ɲǼķһԵĻȻʧɫ
ǲûǸͻȻɫŹֵĿһѩ衣


һʮһ 
ѩû뵽ѽ㾹Ȼ˵ֱӣһʱɬĲ֪νӻ
ͻȻ¶һ˿Цóѵ΢ЦȻЦеĵͷѩ裬ϣôأ
ѩЩ˼̧ͷֱӶԷϸãҡҲ֪
ЦѩԴӷİɣʲô¶ûз
ѩĵһȴͻȻ̧ͷһѣѽ㣬㡭Ҳϲ𣿡
һ㶣ƺû뵽Է⣬һʱЩΣǺܿͷӦЦ˵˵ʲôأҿǴ߰أôһ˵ˣôܻϲһСƨ
û뵽һѩȴҡҡͷ޹أʱĺңʱ΢ɲ죬ҲԼ֪ĳһĳһ̣ͻȻǸ˵ӰʱȻԭǰ飡
һ㶣ƺû뵽СС͵ѩ边Ȼὲһв뵽Լϲ
ԺвòѾܶԼʱһȻ֣ͬʱѵԺҲ˱ɽʱ컵ĳʱһܾεģѵ鲻Խ¶һĨСɵĻȣһ㣬Լûз֣ȴһ˼ѩĵĲ׽ˡ
뵽ѩ軹ԼߣæҡҡͷԺӰ˵Ķ˦ȥȻתѩЦЦܵģǲߵһģѩãҪúõץסһˣ·ǫǫӵģ˵һͻᱻһŮԵߵ
ѵԺͻȻֳɽУ͵͵͵Լȴεֵͨ£ǸСɫأ
ǡҪˣ
ѩͻȻ̾ϢһȻ˫̧ŵʯϣ˫ֻСȣһ˴עǰĺϵıЩꡣ
һ㶣԰ǽ⼸Ҫ뿪ģ뵽ѵྐྵȻһ£ƺһĪĵγɣֻһֱԸȥϡ
ˣѩ裬ҲûʲôˣҪֱӸһȥɣͻȻڽǾͲ÷ֿˣ
ѩ͵̧ͷѣ۾һ˿ֻܿްȥ
ûκεʵһ·ֻܳΪ׸Ҳ

ķУŵİɫ·һ䣬ЩɫλãԼԼԿһɫӰ
˿״̬ǺܺãǼʱʱ䣬ȫľȻѣƬѪ⣬ͬʱǿԪţľڳܲסˡ
ܵڶѵľȻţǲδţŬ߶еıʣԪš
ʱ鷢ˣԭ񱩵ĻԪݿ񱩵˿̾Ȼʼ΢΢仯ͷ·һ޴ı𽥵ڻһ㡣
ڻĻԪݵѸڣȻеľ档
ţڵľǸɺõͻȻܵȪˮһ㣬ѸٵĿʼ𽥻ָ
ԭѾ鲻ľѸٵĻָȻǿľѪܣԭ΢ϸļ΢ɲѪܾԪݵ޸֮󣬾Ȼʼֱǿ𽥵ܹסЩǿԪĳײ
޸ԼһʱȳɵʱѾѪͺɫ۹˷·ǽһϴԭսµİ̺۾ȻҲʼ䵭𽥵ʧ
ܵȫоĵһѵʱȥˣҪеľֱӽЩԪΪˡ
˫һУԭİɫͻȻһ󶶶ȻѸٵ˳ͷӿ룬̶һգ۵ĹԭĿӴȻ˲ȫʧ塣
һԪһ壬̾͸еȫһͣܿڿʼֱĸо
䣡
ԭѾ͵蹬еԪٴαըȻƬԪӿ롣
Ҫͻˣ
һϲû뵽һξȻΪԪŵԭֱӽˣ
۾ʼ׼Ľ֮ǰѾй飬һεĽ˵ˮɣûκε谭
оȫ˳ˬĸо̲סҪ鲻Խһˡ
һεĽ˴ԼаСʱ⽫ڵԪȫʵһԾļԪʦڹ̵ĻϽ˺ܴһ
۾¶һ˿СɵĻȣһεĽʮֵ⡣һԪŻ˳ףûϵġ
һȭͷогһ˿˷ܣȻʵ˲١
չһ¸첲׼ȥȴͻȻԼϵ֪ʱѾݹһ㣬һɢһŵζ
ûǱȥˣεĿЦ


һʮ ǰĳŵ
ҹɫɺǿյҹĮҹ΢缴ʹҲȻһɳеȡ
ҹɫ£ӰԺеͥԺУ˴˽̸˫ôţɫ£ڵϵĵӰ˴صһ𣬾మ˱˴ˡ
졭Ҫô
˰죬ջȿˣƺЩɡ
ѾһˣҲǸ뿪ʱˣ
ͻȻתɫյѣһпһ˿ǰнӿ
˿ˣɫ款͡
ɫʵף欵ˣǵգһУֻԼһ͡
Ҫô
ظȻͻȻ̧ͷЦ𣬡ʲô㣡
һֱϺᴩĮȻ뵽ʿѽ㣬һ֪ʿɽɣ
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תص˵ͷڵʵȥнһµĻ㵹ĪĺôɽĲѡʸ˵ʮϸ񣬶Ҽʹ˲ѡʸ㻹μӽѡʸҪǧнյʮ˵Ǻѣ
ЦһͻȻ̧ͷһյ˿۾ͻȻһ˿⣬سһĨȡ
СҶһ˿õķ裬ҴδԹҵĲҲδֹͣԣȻزǾ츲أȻͬ飬ǾЩνĿͬ飬һ죬һվƬؼ丩
󣬵ÿһȴ˿̵ǼǸ裬ҪҧŹǳꡣ
ʱͷͦأ񾼾һǿĺҲ֪ԼΪҪ˺þõܸѣûи߹ûи߹ˣûи߹ߵκһˣǣ죬µļ֤£һοڽ
һʱЩ񣬿Լǰԭ㿡ʵ·һ˲ࡣ
ѽעԼͻȻԳһЦǲǺԲѽ㣬Цˣ
ͻȻоĿһʹΪеۣ֪֮ǰʲô;ȻҪôΣͻȻƵĿ
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ͻȻ¶һ˿Цݣѽ㣬лˣ
뿪ʱ˳ѩɣѾͷĸҲӦøоˣǶҪ࣬ԣϣܹúõչͻȻ˵޵ĳԺӵĳһ俴ȥ
ЦҲֻص˵ͷǡѽ㣬һ·ϲϵĿޣҪߵ·ʮֵļѡ
ΪںЩҪֻߣܹоѾͷǶˣƺ¶ҪŶԷ
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ʲôƵĶԼͻȻԼһѵˮ۾ע¶˵Ĳ԰
ðɣ
¶һ˿΢ЦúôѾͷ֮ǰ˲ٵĿ࣡ɲҪ۸ĻպĲ㣡
ѽ㣬㡭㲻Ըһ𣿡ͻȻЩСʵҩʦݣߵﶼӦñɣ
һ㶣ĿһΪĻһ£ջǿЦѾϰ˵ҸȥʲôʵʵĴﰲǸã
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΢㶣ԺͻȻԼڵܶǸЩ컵ҹôһɲǣҪſڴӦջǿſסԼ
Ҫ֪·ܳպҪԽԽ࣡ҲԽԽ࣬Ҳѽеһͣԣɷõ𣬷ŵ£շ磬ɷ򣡡
һһ˿źЦվ˫ŹգƣߣӸµĿŶԷ
ѵĿһζıУЩŵæվĿѣܹоĶǣκݣ
ͻȻ֣Ȼסļ򣬱ס˶Էһ֪ͣ˫ͣڿзҲ̧Ҳǣ
ѵԴطŵļϣشĶС
úŬҵȴվ۷帩Ӳһ죡˵ʱһᰮҲ˵
˻һͣͻȻ¶һ˿΢ЦȻ˫طѵıرһ
¹ͣ˶һԶĵطһŮվڴǰԺеˣ峺رһʱ򣬲ĵתǽϣŴɫ꣡


һʮ Ů
ޱ߼ʵĻĮУһӶڻǰУȵǵһ˿ÿһ˵ϡ
ӶУȫ޾ɣͷͷ·û˽еֱӽӵһԵ⳵ϣȻ򿪣ʹŷ磬ǼʹȳķȻǳޱȣ
ӶԼнʮˣƺǸոճ˰̣ΪǵвƺˣӶϾȻյûһƷ
飡
ͻȻһһͷˤڵϣ˼»˹ȥ
ͬǻͷһۣȻɫľתǰߣƺûзԼͬĻԡ
쿴ǰˮһӶͻȻĺ
˳ŴָķȥȻһССޣ˷ܵǣǷ޵һС
Ǻ棿ˮˣˮˣ
һǰĺ棬һȺ̱÷ԭήҲ̱üȫԵƷܣȻСеĳԶȥ
һȺ˺ܵߣȻһ˵ڵϣ˫ʹźˮԼȥֱӽԴˮڵźˮȫŪʪ˶⡣
һȺ˷ܵĴСУȱ֮ѵ·ˮпʼ˷ܵӾЩһûϴһֱһ
һȺĲֺʱͻȻһ㶵ͣеĶ͵ĿԶĳһ˵ĹΪ˵ע⣬£ȫתƵķ򣬿һҪȫô
һϮ˿ȹϣŮһϣ˱ֲסȵģںڵĳٲһͷһ·£Ȼ󴹵ײ΢һÿһѡ

һȺ˺ݺݵһҺȵ£ȫеһаڣƺҪһ˺ݺݵйһ»
˻һۣȻӱ˴˵пһŻȼգ˱˴˵⡣
ͻȻ֪˭һȻѾźŮȥ˿Ȼ֣ȻǲʾһȺҺĳźȥ
ϵŮƺ˯ˣϣԴŸ첲һӣ۾΢΢ıţĽëһգһգʮĶˡ
һȺҺܵ£ȴȫͣ½Ųû˸ǰȫվ£ͷ޼ɵĴϵŮӣеΣ
˲֪ʱϵŮڻ۾ĽëգգȻ¶·ˮ˵һɡ
µȺĴһۣƺͻȻֵȺһ㶼оȡ
ԹԵʩʩȻվӣӨĽѾվϣֱ˿̣˲ŷŮӵĳȻһֻβûκεװΣȫĴٲһһ£Ȼ̵ֱͦβǲŹճһС˵Ļȡ
Ůľ첲Ȼչһʱ߱¶˿ȹܹģ欵ĻȿµŴ֪ͣ롣
չ֮Ůӽת·ĳ·˿ȥ
ʲôˣ
Ȫˮˣ̲סݺݵĴһŮӵΡ
ŮҵģһӶ̧ͷƵĶϵŮӣھһԵͬ顣
ϴɫŮһǲЩ̫˷ˣ
Ů˵ջǰЩ˿ʼӶӳ
ǰ磬һǵҪĴҲʧأֵǸǵûеõκεĺôһ˶˵ӦӦľʧԣΣŮ˴ͷһ·øЩСܰɣ
ٺ٣ǣǣ
һԵļӶҲ¶һ˿ЦݡǾΥˡ
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ৣ
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ˣ
Ӷӳֱͦͦǰȥʼûзκε
ʵԱң
Ů̧ͷƮƮ˵


һʮ Į
ɿֹ֣ͣ˼ǰʮʬ壬ȻվһԶںߵѩ裬һϵɳתһԸ˹ȥ
μӳѩǰƽ˵ȫˣʱӦһʱˣЩӦһӶţ
ѩͷĮƽ飬οߵӶŻԣһӶ֮ڻĮзʮϡƽ飡
ͷδѩȴûз֣üͷղŵļһʮֺ˵Ľۣ۲һֲõԤС
ЩӶȫûһ˿˺ۣеȴһͬص㡪ȫû࣬ƺǱһ˲佫ȡˡ
ҴߵԿһ˲䣬ƺǼʲôΪ飬Բ龪֮ǰžı顣
ûҪҪϢһ£
ЦЦһŮԼԶ·̣ڳȵĻĮУҲȷʵЩΪѩˣֻѾͷʼվȻûһ˿Թ뱧Թ
ѩ̧ͷЦЦãǼ·ɣڻĮͣ»ۣ˺׾ͻԣڵŵķ죡
ͷںϢȻ̣ΪӵпռָΪô鷳
Į˱ĥĲǳȵ¶ȶľɫԼ޾ͷҰܶʱûмǿǺױĮĥķ񷢷衣
쿴˰·ʱһԵѩͻȻָԶ
ɻ̧ͷǾͿ˻ĮеһȫɳʯѻĳӴԭʼĽԼװȺһжһֲʵĸо
ѵѵǡǣѩЩ˼۾ϸ۲Զ
ȫɳĮ֮УҽȡҲȫɳĮеɳʯȻֿ񣬵ͬһСȺʾķ٣
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ظЩϤƣĮǵʱѵǸԼһЩǵϢˣҲԵİ
˵ǾͲòһȺ壬ҲϴܶΪ˾ȺˣǾ˵ľۼء
ѵ˵Գһ壬ԼͼڣƺŲͬϰԣЩԺսϲŭ޳˸뺷ųЩ꣬Įǻûìܣ˫Ҳδģս
ѵʱĽǣǾǵʱûԭֱߣҪ鷳
˵û߰ɣһԵѩٴָĳһ
쿴ǸŮˣ
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Ů˲ԶĵطһȺŹΣϻͲʵ߿ƺŮȥ
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ٶȺܿ죬ڻĮһ·ۣ˵ĮеһʮֵӣӶʱһ㶼ֱɱץסŮˣὫץȻȦС
Զ˺Ҳ߷ٱһȺƺʮֽŰҲʼŮȥ
С㣬Сģ
ͻȻŮӵǰȻһץסԷԼԼ泯Ÿոոеˣһࡣ
СӣʲôˣǱߵЩ͸ͻȻֵ꣬ȿʵ
ȰûǸϽȥΪһŮ˾ȻʦڣҲ̫ЦˣûпŮ˵ı飬ûлῴԷòʱֻվڶԷǰĿֻһܹЩ˽ŮӴߡ

һеķ̣͵һ֣ǰһȺѸٵĳǰ
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һͻȻһѪħڿնһץסպµѪħȻһм䣬ս˲伴
һԵŮƺЩ㵣û뵽ȻͻȻðһͷ࣬ҶԷȻΪ˱ԼЩ˴
ǰ꣬Ůӻ⿴һ۶Էĳ࣬еȴʮֱˡ
˼
ŮӵͻȻ¶һ˿ζЦݣ


һʮ 
ò˵ԺսҸηЩ֮ȷʵЩֻ֣ȻŽʮȫ˹ȥϾûҲûɱ֣
ʮ֮ŽѪħرȻתŮӣԷòʱ鲻Խһ
˱˿ɴİϣ֣һϸ֫СɵĶȫ¶⣬һۿȥ̲סҪ§ڻаһ
֣Էıɴ澹ȻֻһɫؽزԲĸоʮֳ˵
ԷԾĻһͷٲһĺɫԺһ·£˳ļβȻճһĨ˵ĻȣȻɣ
ͻȻ֪ԼղЩʧ̬ˣæ˼һԼΡ
Ů˻¶͸¶һĨȻƺҪκεĶǿһͻֺᷢѽߴƿ
Ů˵ѵûвͬŵŮǿҰһȻڶ⣬һһЦĶѡ
ȿȡǸС㡭㡭û°ɣ
Щ֪ʵʵԴ򽻵һ棬һֱʮֵǷȱ
Ů˸ղȻǿһۿԼʱеԾ˾Ȼ˲Լ˹⻹ǵһ飬ΪʵԵʣԼȻƺκԶӶԼȻû뵽ǰ꾹Ȼ˿ĵ˹⵹ӵĸȤˡ
ЩŵҪ֣ȴŮʹһȺֻεתѸ˺󣬳ȥ
ΪҪңŮӵһοƽࡣ
ЩεǼ⣬ˣ˵Щ˶һʮֵӣŮˣǶ㡭
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ŮͻȻ΢΢̣ʮ˽⣿
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ҪȥǣŮƺѩ費ȤȻûлظԷʻת
ҪĮҲûҪ
ҪԴ˴ĮĽݾֻܹƵߣĻǿܾͱʮʱ䣬Щ·ʮΣգ̣ܹܲһ⣡ԣҽǻд
ŮƺʮָȤ˾ȻĵĶϸĽһڵ˿һĻĻ»ֱӾŵĲš
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ŮƮƮĿһѩ裬еɱһܿɢΡ
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ŮӵͷûҪƭ㣡һǿղžҵķϲŶ˵ģ
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һɫŮӲ˵߰ɣɫϾҪˣ
Щʵˣһ֪أҽ𣡡
Խ
Ů˵ƮƮתǰ·Զȥ


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ڴϣһȤ󣬴ϵƺʮ־Լˣÿ˿Լ˵ʱ̾ͻŵת뿪ԵĽֱֵӹشֹͣӪҵ
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岢ʵ󲿷˻ʮϲúƽģЩǿνɱҲΪԱǱضѣ
ŮͻȻڽƺ֮ͨһԹ
ϰǰһҲǹͬУػԼĻ׷ƽõҲԼͼڣǵȴΪ˶Ұˣԣǽץȥūɱ¾һȦȱ˵ʱūۻУ
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Ůӿһ۶ˣ֪ԼóǷ𣬱ϾҲǶ˸޹أ
ǽڳסһɣͿ뿪ˣİɣֻҪǲǻû˻ģ
Ů˵֮תҪ뿪ֶԷȻֱҪ뿪鼱֮²Ằһ
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ŮתˣȻѾĮǣȻǸûȥˣ
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ŶԷʧԶĽֽǣűǼЩĪЦȻЩֵŮˣ
ѩ費ҿǿ˼ƯɣղûӶҪˣ
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м˰ķԣȫͷû˸ҽѹԼԼĴӰ쵽λϵǸˡ
ڴΨһһҲλϵһŮˣ˵Էϡ
欵ˣϸ֫ͦıԼ¶ĴƬѩ׵ĳȣŮ˷·ÿһÿһطܹߵΪ֮
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ȵȫߣÿյģӣ߿ҹա
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ҩ㿴ˣǸСӣһļһʵ
İɣϴڵصܶСӣϴǸһǳ˴һǵûнѪƱõַˣôǣֻû뵽һﾹȻԼˣ
ߣһһҪСһһ
İɣһѾټ֣һǲѷɣһɣѪƱУұҪöõ֣
ҩͻȻǰļһֻۣҪܹõѪƱҪĶһƵģ
һǾͶлˣæһȭ
ˣϻҪλİæˣ
ҩĽȻ󼸸˶һ۹Ц


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ѩķгһɫɫʮϵĿƺʮֵ£¹Χһжܿʮ
һԹҴҸ˳ѩʶȻһʱˣʱƯʱЩ֪룬ϾһһŮܶʱЩεġ
صԼķУδʱޣǽѪħŵһԵͷ£ȻϥڴϿʼ
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Ҳѧ˵һʽڵڶʽǴһƤëҪʩչкܳһξҪߣЩҪ
˵ķ뵽ʱԶɫ£һڽһ·ӣĳ
ʮҹµĺӰļӳסСԺУȫվڶķ϶¿С
һλҹµ߶żС˵˼䣬Ȼ˫һӣһȺȫȥһԵĺڰС
Ӱûзκε죬Ȼס¥ϣɫԼлƵĵƹ⣬Կˡ
뻳ӻͳһȻԵͬĵ˵ͷ˲ĵеذڴϻһӡ
ؽеľջķ϶УȻ컺س洵һɫεʱ䡣
д˵һ˻һۣȻֶűһɹƣȻ˲ĵֽ򿪣һԾ˷С
ڴϵĺɫӰʱͬʱһ˿˷ܣһǰ־Ҫȥץϵˡ
ƿȴû˵ʱ򣬴һ⣬δתͻȻͷϷķϣһӰһԾ£Ȼ˫ֱӽؼס˶ԷĲ˫һݺݵһתһʮȵĴת
ǰɣ
һʮĹͷ𣬶Է׶ûп˾Ѫֱ̱˵ϡ
һֿȻɱԼͬ飬ԥĽеذ׳ӳȥȻתȥҪٵȥȻͬ飬жʧܡ
ǻδȶԷӳȥѾǰжˡ
һٵĳڶԷߣץŶԷոԼذףԥһֻץסԷĸ첲һֻֻסԷĲеذ׺ݺݵػ
ۣ
Ѫʱ˳ȥȻ䶼ѪҺȾ޴ֱӾ˵Ⱥڴĵˡ
ɿеذףȻһڴߵѪħӹһסѪħֱӴӴ˳ȥ
һͥԺһ۾ͷվͷϷݶϵĺӰ
㣡
Щ𾪵ĿǰˣȻԷҹ£Ȼϳݡҩ
ϴڵصܶʱսƴһҩͬʱܾˣȻ̮ܶ˵ص׶ҩ˳ȥȴͬʱˣ
û뵽ϴ㾹ȻûбСӵ
ҩһϵƤƤһ㲻ϲʮˡ
𻺻еѪħŶԷϵȻԼϴԷһܾˣҩϾǿߣԼ֮ȻҪࡣ
ôҪɱ䣬ˣպͻԼɺ󻼣ԼΪڤڵѾ鷳ϣԣԲܸԼκεĺ󻼡
նݣҪ
ߣһ뽫ɱɣ뷨һģǾǡ
ҩͻȻһݶֱʧٴγֵʱѾߣһ죬ȻݺݵسŶԷԴȥ
治ɫѪħһתס˶Էȭͷ
ۣ
һ죬ٵĳȥ˺ܳһξȻͣ£ͻȻʲôһתһķ俴ȥĵȻϨʱвĵһ
ܹս
뵽ȻһȷһķȻԶȥ
ҩһȻ׷ȥͬʱĺڰдһڡ
˵ζ֮󣬴ڰвӳʮˣһ˽׷ǰ˵ټȥʣµļĵղϢڵǸ˹ȥ


һʮ ʥŮ
˰ΧڷΧɨһۣȷûκΣ֮󣬼˲ֳһķȥ
飡
ͻȻһĴöݺݵҿȻһݵӰһԾЩǱˤڵϣ˼£ȻԺӵĴȥԭѾϢѩ衣
׷
˾ȻΣտԼ˵ĹƣһӴ˳ɫһ䣬ѸٵĳŶԷȥ
ৣ
˲佫ѩɨǰЩŮ
ǡʲôˣ
ѩЩֵľеһذף岻ϵĳͬʱضŶԷż˺
ղڷѩĴһĵﵽǰȻ˳Ŵķ϶͵͵شҲΪԼİȫǸ顣
ԭΪѾȫѩû뵽Ȼ˶ڰһ˳ķ׷ȥѩͲһģ˭룬ȻмĿ꾹ȻԼ
٣ŮƺûһͻȻЦһѩ٬Ĵһڡ
ǣһμһ˰ôһͻȻЦһ
˿ѩ貢û󣬺ԵȫеѩΧм䣬޼ɵѩɨɨȥ
ΪǸոϴ׼˯ѩڽǴһȹѩ׵ļɫӳ֣ڷ۵ȸֱ¶ڿУһԵļ۾һŹ⡣
ٺ٣׬ˣһͷһ촽һ˿࣬־ҪѩĨȥ
ۣ
ͻȻһǰδ˷Ӧ֮ǰҪѩѾڵʹ
ô£
̾ŵĺһȻֲ֪ʲôʱԼͬѾ˿룬ͷϣɵѪҺȪһӿ
ǣ
ͻȻһЩָһȻȫת̧ͷתƵһԵݶ档֪ʱѾһӰ
˿վݶϷӰʱŴͣ콲һ仰гĿ־塣
ʥʥʥŮ
۾ɴ󣬰ŲĽơ
ͨ
ȫ˫ȷȻĹڵϣڵȫɪɪû˸̧ͷϷǸŮһۡ
ѩ迴һ۵ڵѾʹιȥĸһڵϵϸ첲ϿһۣǿҪµĳ嶯˺üȻ̧ͷЩĿ򷿶ϵǸˡ
ԷòʱѩоԸӣôҲû뵽ֵľȻ
ৣ
ѩֻоԷһãȻգ۵ʱ򣬶ԷѾѩǰ
۾ƮƮѩɨһۣתƵһſڵϲ̧ͷļϡ
һˣ
ûκε·ǲٿһе
ءʥŮһʮˣ˸ҩȥ׷Сȥˣ
һĻصʼնû̧ͷһǰ
üͷһ壬ǽûյҵָҽ֮˲׼ˣ
ݺһоһɺ˵ӣǴδоľԼ֮
ءʥŮայˣ
ѹֵճĬ˰ΣһСĻش
ͷϵıûκα仯㻹ʵǲɣ
һ㶣ܿ췴ӦæݺݵسϿͷ졣
лʥŮлʥŮлʥŮɱ֮
ˣˣˣ
޴Ŀͷ쳹Ժӣ˿̵Щ죬˽ŵſڵ϶һԵŮʹĿͷͷѾѪģǶԷȻȻĮġ
ƺȫûвЩ˵ĶԹԵɨһۼˣɱ䡣
ȻӦԡ
ͻȻ͵һ֣Ȼ󼸸˵ֽһݺݵײһķϣ޴Ĺ𣬿һԵѩһľ⼸˿պҲܹվˡ
ûڵһļˣתһѩ裬һ˿
ѩʶ˼ٴξеذףЩֵĿ
㡭Ҫʲô
İɣˣ
仰㲻Էλʧԭأ


һʮ 
ݶһӣȻҩΧĻĮвͣΣסѪħɫĵȴŶԷ
ҩݺݵڵϣЩζĿһ
СӣĻȻ֪ΪǸڷŮɣǶϧ񣡡
ҩͻȻЦһдһ˿
һͣԷô֪ѩĴڣ⵽ô£һƺԼָƣ
ɻҩͻȻЦҸ㣬ҪˣҪĵĲǱˣԼСܹܲõ̫
⻰ʲô˼ʵ
ʲô˼ʲô˼ˣ
ҩͻȻЦһȻմһڣܿٴˣɰ֮ƽΧˡ
Ϊ㻹ܹù˶˵İ𣿡ҩЦһˣ˳һ䣬ǸСŮҲר˼ȥչ˿Ӧñץˣ
ɫͻȻ׵ĺżһҪԭ·أ̱˸
ҩЦȻôܹ˵߾أСӣϴܵˣҾҪ
˵ҩȳȥ۾һݣΪеѩİȫԣϵķŭΡ
ѩ飡Ǿȫɣɫ׵ı
δ˷ŭЩ˴ĻǽԼŪȻħצ޹ѩ衣
ৣ
ѪħӶ˼£ɫɨһǰļˡ
ȫɣ
˵ȻӴܣǰҩȥ
֪ҩЩ˵ͷԱɱȻһ뿪
ҩСӾȻӷһݵĳԼһ¶һ˿Ц
Ȼţô֪ʲôʵ
׻
˭룬ڼҩǰʱͻȻ˫һתҩԵ˺ݺȥ
޴켸˲쳹գҩԵļ˻δӦͱ޴˳˳ȥ
ҩɫĿŵԼ֪ˣٴοʱеŭ𼸺ɱˡ
Сӣսҵĵߣ
δ𻰣ٴκݺݵػӶѪħҩ˳ȥ
ȻҪǽҾ
ŭƣ
С
ҩһγڶļǰ˫ֶסкݺľ޵
һ˲ľ޴ʹҩ˵ݺһȻ˫źݺݵ棬һȦ޴ĲҩΪɢ
ǿһɢȥԶȻɢΧϵѺ֩һȻɢȻڼ𾪵ɫе°һξ롣
ҩ΢ɫĽеѪҺʻȥٴοʱɱ⡣
һϣɱ
ҩͻȻһȻȳȥļҲɫͬʱΧ£
еѪħδʩչҩѾĳ䱳һ˿Ȼһȭ𱳺
򲨣
ۣ
һȻ˱ҩһȭ˳ȥԿкݺݵڵأȫһѵ졣
ৣ
ҩһٴγǰӸµĸڵϵֳצԥһȭ£
û̧ͷȫ񾭽ԥһȥҩƺݺݵװ棬Ȼʱһը죬˱˳ȥ
ڵϷ˺üΣſͣ£Ǳըನˣ֮ǰûжܿĻ´˿̵ͳһʬ塣
ǿʹӵվûϵʹݺݵس³һѪˮɨһ۳ϵļˣ𻺻رۣȻ׼ʩչľС
ҪʩչǼһϣҩĶɫһ䣬һԵ˴
ɫ䣬һ˦ԶѪħͻȻɹ˵ʱ
˺û뵽ȻܹղٿæӦǰʱеĶѾͬʱɡ
߱
ͻȻŭһһ쳹ȫȻ޴Ļһּ𺳵ķʽ˵ҰС
⡭ʲô
ҩɫϴ˵սδʩչһУҩԺԵĸоһбľ޴
һеľ޴ҩЩɬԼʵ͵ö꾹ȻεԼѿÿһζóԼʵ
жʵûʩչҩŭһȻ˫תһ޴ĹܳԼǰ
飡
ǹܸոγɵ˲䣬ѾХصײڹϡ
䣡
޴ıը쳹أҩеĹܼ˲Ȼ󵹷˳ȥ
δͣ£ǿ֢״ٴδ߶ȫԪȻͻȻʼֱ仯żһٳŶԷȥ
ҩڰпԼͬʱеĹţҩһ˿־塣
㡭ң
Ц˫־ʵ˶ԷԼĴ𰸡
ڿҩǰȻ֣ҩĿ£ݺݵسԴȥ


һٰʮ նݳ
ҩͫУȭͷϵȻصԴϡ
ļ˵ע£ҩ׹ʯһصˤϣÿһ˵ĶУȻҩĿпʼӿѪ
ҩ۾ҵĲȴûκεãղŵһȭʹԭ˵ҩʧȥյ֧
飡
ڼֲס̱ڵأȫ´ƣֻúõ˯һ
ղǿʹ߱ѾӽѣڳɹĽҩ֮Ҳֲס˵ϡ
ڵĴŴȴȫѾˡ
Ŭ۾Լˣ¶һ˿ɬջû
ϴһ˿ȻȻҩɱЩɵ׸㣬Ȼκεľ塣
ۣۣۣ
ģУͻȻѪȻ峯˳ȥûκζ
ô£Щɻ󣬸ղƺһ˲˳ȥ
۾ķԼǰ֪ʲôʱȻһŮˣض˶ӣԷһֱεĳʱвһ㣿
оôҲû뵽ԷȻǰԼڻĮоµǸŮӡ
˿ѾָһЩ˫֧ŻվЩ˼Ŀǰ֮ˣԱ֤ԷԼ쿴ŮӣΪԷһͷβĳõ֤

Щĺ֣ԷݺһȻ󻺻תȻµ
ġ㣡Щŵ૵ԼµŮӾȻǸʵ׵ĸ֣ٴζԶԷݲ˻ɡ
ʱɳȥѾŴԶĵǰʱֵ̾ſڵϣԴݺݵص£̧ͷӶԷ
ݡݼʥŮ
ɫһ䣬ʥŮ
һ𣬲ڣǸŮû£
𳤳غһȻٴνתƵǰϣͻȻʲôһ㣬ɫ䡣
ǽʥŮʥŮ
ᾪȣΪ֮ǰѽܹ֪峤ҲǵʥŮҴഫֻܴһεŮԴˣÿһŮɱ˲գ۵Ķħʵ߳ײС
ǣƾβҲû뵽Լµ˾ȻžʥŮ
ûлش⣬תһˣ䣬гΪ˾
սҵȨѾû˻ȥıҪ
ͻȻ֣ͻȻ۾һɣʹץסԼĲĸ첲̧ߣ˵建ߣȻ˿С
һ£
ֹͻȻһ⣬ȻԼݺݵ߬ȥ
ۣ
˵徹ȻֱӱѹըѪҺĽȻʬ̱ڵϡ
㡭
ЩľĿŵ߲Ҳ̶õʬ壬ЩĲ̡
ǿɶˣ
ЩȵĺȻ֪Щ˸Щ̫ӦһŮײеɱַ
תƮƮĿһȻῪڣѵɱ𣿡
ǡ
ûнһ仰ԼȷǱҪɱЩ˵뷨һòŮɱ˵ַ˵Ĳ̣һʱЩԽܡ
ûбҪţ
ƮƮĽ仰Ȼת𣬻ߵһԵҩǰӸµĴŶԷ
ʱҩ۾ͱǿȫѪȫ΢ĺƺֻ۾ܹǿ
֮ҩ˵ͻȻüƺʮֺŬŤţƺҪƴĺˣϧҩȫѾȫѣ
۾ɴҩ죬ȴûнһ仰ϵдɵѪ
ɨ˶Էһۣɱ䣬ûκε֮顣
ǵʱң˲ٵĻ£ҲӦˣ
˵͵һշȭ
ۣ
ϵҩȻĶһ磬йѵ촫͸ı飬ܹҩϾı顣
£תһȥ
һǸŮ㷿У
ƮƮĽ仰ȻͻȻãʧǰ
ĿɿڴĿǰһУ¶һ˿ɬı飬Լƴƴòǿҩ򵹣˼ҵãȻּ䳹׽ˣʼûбֳԼʵ
뿪ûвԷһ˿ԪԽʵߵ˾ԽԱ˲ԪΪѾԼϢ
ɫһŮ˵׻ﵽһĳ̶ȡ
ȻǸ
ֻ̾ϢһڣЦҡҡͷ


һٰʮһ ʿ
ʰ𣿡
վڷſڣϴЦ⣬ѩ˲Сľţһ˲˯ֻڶԷķУһֻ㵽ҹ֪ѩ˯ţŸԷ̣Ȼĵ˳ȥ
ѩɫ糺죬ƺЩ̫˼ΪԼԭڷһֱҹԼʵǼֲס˲˯ţҲ֪ʲôʱ뿪ġ
ôˣɫô죿Щɻʵ
ûûʲôѩЩɬĻصæͷ߳䣬ǰȥҡ߰ɣ
ŮӻǸӣ
ѩЩŵɫεҡҡͷ֪Էô£˫ִԺ󣬻ظǰȥ
˻ڴϣΧȫûзˣȻ뿪һȺ˲ŽͷӶС۵޷ǣ˵ʲôݾȻʥŮרŷע
ߵһϷһɴȹŮӰվ¥ͷһֱΣϸ֫ӯӯһգÿһ˶̲ס١
ɫ䣬߽ضŸո߳ǴŵӰרע֪˼ʲô
ǵһҸȤˣһסֵġ𣡡

ĮепַƣΪѩ裬Ҳ֮ǰƴĿޣǱ֤ÿҲδԼҪ
ȻĮеʮּ࣬ѩȴδκεıԹ෴ƺʮ̣ÿ찲һԼ飬Ȼȴһоְ𣬾һְСڵȴ˵Ĺ
ⱾڻĮ˽죬Ȼ߳˻Įһμ˴ƬѾһԵĳ
⡭Ǵʿ𣿡
ѩ賤Щ˼˵ǰĳģѾκһⲻһ򣬸һң
⡭൱ڶٸĮǰ
ѩվڸߵЩ̾૵
վߴһĨ˷ܣҲһμ˻Ի͵ĳ۴αȵĽϢȺˮһжԵ˻
á
ĳвǴɽκһСܹģɽеĳȫܹǰᲢۡ
˻һۣӶԷпһĨ˷ܣôĻĮ;Ѿһ߼ʵɳĮۣͻȻֵĳУȺԼƬĽ˱С
߰ɣͻȻЦЦȻǰȥһԵѩЦһȻظ
ڿĴϣЩ̾ĳ֮ȫľ޴ʯ̾ͶɣÿһʯĴСߴȫһģһ
ǰԼʮףһͷĽֵоĽֱֵӿԲżͬʱˣڴɽǲܵ顣
ΧĻʱѩѾһܵһԵС̯ϣһȤСǴѡ
һСҼѩ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫϰȻǿѩеϲôܷǰõĻᡣ
ǲϲΰ۹⣬鱴ķУϾԺÿ
ѩ谮ֵİһЩĿʵǮ
ܱˣң
ѩ۾һɣңôȥʲôƾȻֵң˵һУֲǴģô˹󣡡
С̯ϰٺһЦһͲǱˣǶǣǽŴʿóУ˵Ķܲ˵ˣ鱴ģ鱴ǶôĶһ֪ɣ㿴ɫٿѾʮﳬֵˣ
ѩ迴һԱ߻ڴΧ̾ϢһȻеķᷢ¡
ⶫǿˣҲŲҪ
˵תߣᱳһŭС̯ϰ塣
Щż׷ȥЩɻʵôˣôʲô
ûʲô⣡ѩЩ˵ûп
Ц߰ɣȥԷ

ѩһȻǰȥŲȴ߽һԵһṩס޵ĵ̡
ЦҡҡͷЩεǼ⣬Ů˹ȻֵĶ
һ𰲾ĳʼѩ趼ûнʱʱĻῴǰʳ﷢ƺûʳ
һԵ𼸴ȴεĽҪ˵Ļ˻ȥ
ѩͻȻеķϣȻվҳԱˣеˣȥϢˣ
Ѿ¥Ϣѩ裬Цҡҡͷֻһ˰ĳԷ
Թ¥ѩķš
һͷɢţ˿̵ѩһ˿崿һģһ˿ɻ
ʲô𣿡
ǱħһͳһȻɷ˵ѩС
·С̯Ͽоܰ䣬ŵĸˣϣϲ
˵ת뿪˸ڵķ䣬ֻʣվſѩ衣
еĶǸղԼС̯ϼǸֵķУѩֻоһůӿ۽ǵˮͻȻ̶˲Ժ˫ۣ


һٰʮ ɱֹ
ҹɫ٣ȵȫ뵽ʱϥڷڤͻȻ۾һ˿⡣
ӴѪħŵһԵͷ£ȻԼ·£ӿռָóһ׺ɫĳۣظԼϣñӣԼڲھ޴ĳС
ѾȫԼĵ˵ͷ߳ţһ۸ڵķ䣬ѩʱѾ˯£Ż¥߳˿ջ
˿̵ĴѾûˣмҲɫҴңûעںе
վڴϱһ·λתٵĳĳһȥ
հԼļ䣬ᳵ·һǰȻ뵽֮̾˳д
Բ͹٣ѾˣԷʮֿĽ
ɱֹӦƸɱֵģ
ͻȻһʮֲ˻ƵһԵǾȣеɱһʣԷ̱任һ顣

˵Էǰ·˵̺һС䣡
ʮĽСеһŴ򿪣Ȼһҳǰ
Щڴ˴ȻǬ̲סһĨ𾪣ԭɱֹ棡
ȥȻԻרŵ˽Ӵ㣡ӹ˵Ȼֱ뿪ˣݸܹ뵽硣
ںеͷȻֱһԾ³ŵµķȥ
˭Ҳ뵽һСĵ澹Ȼһûʵľ޴ռ䣬ոڵվȣ̴һ߳һĸƯŮԷ۾ϴ˼ۣȻ󹧾һ
ʲôҿ԰æ𣿡
ӦƸɱ֣ҹȥɣһϵԺдŮһ͡
ŮܿͷӦ΢΢һһ㣬
˵תһԵĴȥǽĴΧһУ
Ů쵽һһ̨ϣȻڹ̨һλϣλҪɱֹģ
һ鲼ݲϣ۾ƱշǱգǲϸĻΪԷѾ˯ˡ
ŮĻĵ˵ͷȻȵŮ뿪֮˲ŻЩǵ۾´һ
Ҫɱֹ᣿
еͷǻش˶Է⡣
Ҫɱֹпģ뾭ǵĿܹʽΪǵĳԱ
ϸĽ
һϵԺһٴ۾ʽ´һ𣬵ȫںУ˸κݣһЩ֮ġ
ҪΪɱֱҪˣǵĿ˰취ʮֵļ򵥣Ǿǡɱˣ
ֻҪܹڰڵĻнɣôӵ뵽ʸǵɱֹֻԴ½ɱַ񣡡
ǵɱֹɱ֣һְҵɱ֣һ˽ɱֹȨкܸߵȨ
ڶоҵɱ֣ҵɱǵ൱ǼְһһǼȱǮõϲģǺܶʱ򶼻ѡӦȼȡԼҪĶ
һɱ֣ǰǼ֣ǼһһֱʮǣʮǼ֮Ͼɱ֣ɱ֣ɱϾɱֽϵɱ֮
˵ô㣿еһȽϹؼ⡣
ǼͬͬԼʵȽŵĻôͿѡǼ񣬱磬ѡǼô֮ͻֱӳΪɱ֣պܹǼôɱ֣
һʧأͻȻЩɻʵÿһɱֶܹɹɣ
̧ͷһ𣬲ǻشһ˵ΪɱʧܵĻҲûһˣΪ㼫пѾˣȻѵĻɱͻήΪǣֱܹٴʮεûκʧܹܺɱֵĳƺţ
ͷǻĹ
ˣѡȡܹɵɣҷȰһ䣬ѡԼаյģĻпܶԼ˴һóһϣȻǰ̯
廨ŵһѣΣ벻Ȼ˶񣬶ҷű࣬һǵʮȫʮϸ
ǼߣҲԽԽ٣ֵ˺İ֮ͽȵļʮǾȻһûС
ǻнɱֺҫɱΪûص񣡡ɻʵ


һٰʮ 
ʽɱֵǣ̧ͷ˶ԷһۣȻƮƮĽʮ֮ϵɱȫרŵ񣬶ÿһ˶רŵ񣬵ȻǵһҪɱֻǽɱǲܵģԲʮϵʮǼſԣ
ͷڵɱֹһƽ̨ȫԽȡܹɹĻͿԳΪĳԱȻҪԼȥŬʣµۣȫ빤޹أ˫Ըһ𷢲Ϣһȡ񣬵ɹ֮ɱֹӶгȡһӶΪһεĺã
ͷĶԼеһ廨ŵ񵥣𲻽Ծʵ֮ǿ
һ񣺱˼ħħһţɺһ򣡡
񣺰ɱ³ϣʵΪһԪʦΪɽ򳤣ļħһţ
񣺳ɹɱɽʵΪһԪʦԺգƽʱʮ۷ȭʦʮ򸽴ļħһţ

۾һ̻ңֱ˵廨ţпһУӱڻѺ˱ﵽɭɱȥħˣٵɱˣӦоУ
ԵĹһԼʵȻеֱӷ
һģҸָһͻȻɻʵİɱͬʱҲ԰ɱ𣿡
̧ͷٴЩζĿһһĨɣƵĽ͵ɱֹᣬǮƣ֣ԣɱֵûк뻵ֵ֮ģֻĳɹɱУÿһ˶һģԼһĿѣ˭гҲͬĿԽͰֻҪܹʵļ۸Ȼȥ
пЦղԼһʮ޴⡣ĵ˵ͷ˽˻Ϣ֮ͻȻŵϣȻָĵ˵ĳһ
ҽˣ
Ŀһϵ񵥣ĵ˵ͷţֻҪܹɾͿԻӦĳԼһɱֹеѫƣȻʧܵĻҽѡȡǼСͷ
סʱΪһܣһ֮ûɵĻôǾͻԶΪʧܣ
ˣһģƮƮĽȻԷȵɫȻתȥ
ˣ㻹ûеǼǣʲô֣ʲôͻȻʵ
񣡡
ƮƮһ仰Ȼ˻߳䴦ڽֵµӴҡ

ղǶǳĶӣԼӵƽʱаŮϰΪղ˺츳ʮѾɹĽԪʦһһֱǶ˽ֵĻ⣬Ϊ츳ʹǷƼĴʿҲʮĴڡ
Ϊռղɵĳɫ츳ĸҲǶǳƽʱһЩҲһֻ۱һֻۣҲղĿ˵Ը
ԵᣬеŮ˾һҪ뷽跨㵽֣ߵ˾һҪԷеҲֻǸŭԣղٲȻѾΪ˶һԡ
ϸĿ˵ϣȻϧȻѡɱ֣ȴԼĵߣΪνĳͲϧһɥĲʲô񶼿Խܣ
ҲϳֵһЩеȵԭΪĲǳɱ
Ȼɱ֣ͲᴥԼĵߣչҪɱˣԣĿ׼Щ񼫵ͷϣղɱ֮һ
Ϣϵʾ֪Էסһ֪Էȥ뼸ѻƵأʱضᾭǰһ·
ȻһӣԶĽԼԼӰֻλƵΣ֪ԷһղɣΪϢʾȾÿȱ
ģϵǸС̫ˣСƨɣָһһվȺз·Ǿһ֡
ΧļҪԵıȶԷһأǶԷ߰һ̫ˣн׵ĸӡ
ٺ٣ղ٣벻ĿζȻ仯ˣ֮ǰҼǵϲз֮İһǵ˵ֻнŮ˲ζŴһԵһͬٺЦһάЦݡ
ٺ٣϶϶㻹ǲǳԲһÿͬһѵ㲻ζ˵Ҫżĳһ²ͬĲʽŻṻζղΪʮĻԼԵļѡ
ٺ٣ղٹȻ˫ȫõ֪ʶǱЩ˶࣡컹ܽˣһԵĻЦ
ͻȻǰһһͣ˽Ųںļ˲׷ʲô飬ȫ㶵ͣ½Ų
ιӣ߰ôˣ㲻ǺȶԼſĶ֪˰ɣ֮ǰ϶߷ߵ
ǰǰиˣӵ˲ΡΡľָһ࣬ϵıЩɻ
ԷĻȫ˳ŶԷָһԶĽֵϣ˳źڰߣ˳Щ谵ɫȷʵԿڼǰһģĺӰ
ʲôǱߣӹľȻŻӣСҰ㹷ͷšղֵĴУû˵Ż
žžž
ĽŲڼ˵ע£һȫڲںеԶԶسڼ˵ҰУΪ˳׵ıڣܹеŮ٣
ڼЩɻɫУ˻̧ͷֻ˺ӰеİΪǸףһ˻ƲϵͻȻÿһ˵ĶУ
㡭ղɣ


һٰʮ ɱ1
˻ƵԵĻ죬ԭȵļһ飬˳һ亹׵
ЩĽֵϣĬĻӣһ紵ϵҶղɼһƤֱ˿ǲŸоԭȻô䣡
ղɺݺݵشһȻŻǰںɨһۡ
ʲôˣʶ
ֻҪס־УȻԺҲû֪ˣ
ɳƣ˲һֻĸо
ʲô˼רҵģ
ղĽŲԶĺˣͬʱһԵļ˴һɫ
Ҫϵһ
ʲôղЩһͬʱһԵļ˻طɢʰ֮Χ롣
ͷ
˵𻺻̧첲¶һ˫ƣղɫһ䣬û뵽ԷƾȻȻһƣ
ղɫѵ㲻֪ǶǣҵȨֻһǾĺܲң
ûԷΪһΪ˲¶ݣûдѪħ˫֣һգΧĿʼϵγһǿķ籩
оߵı仯ղɵɫ΢䣬һ϶ʹһɫԷͷȻתȥ׼ȥͨ籨ţ
е𻺻̧ͷһĨʣɫ¼˸ò
̧ͷΧĿƺһ˲ᣬĳһ̣ıͻȻһȻһѳԼߵĹ⽣˵ע»֣⽣ɢŴ۵ǿ⣬ֵƺһ˲
δȼ˵𺳽𱳺Ĺ⽣ͻȻ࣬һΪһ˲ѹ⽣ѹ⽣һģһıһѾ޴ĳһʮֶĿ
ûиԷκ˼Ļᣬһ˦һѹ⽣ӳȻ˲䴩͸˸ոܵ϶塣
һ˲ٴηص𱳺Ĺ⽣Ѿȥ϶ղɵĲ˲ӿһĨ
ļ˿ԷȻһ˲ͽһˣû˷ɲһ԰׵̱ڵϲж
ģҵҪǺηʥ
ղͻȻһȵ棬Ȼ糯ȥò˵Ȼӯʵȷʵʵ
η壬ƶԭʧѹ⽣һۻҵķʽ˲䳯ղɳȥ˵μʱղͻȻһȻһȭݺݵسųȥ
ɫδ䣬ͻȻһ⽣ǰղɵȭͷײһ˲һ죬ղɵĸ첲ѣɵѪҺ˳
ৣ
ͻȻղǰ͵̧ͷ˽Ķӣղɵһμ˺ף
ЩֵʱղͻȻŴͣĽ
Ҫ˵̫࣬չ꣡
ƮƮĽ仰Ȼһӣʣµѹ⽣˲ղɵĲϻ
̱ڵϵļֻǿղĶԿһۣȻղƺʲô˼飬˴ȻͻȻһ⻪ղٵԴӭնѪɽ
תһ۶ûУֱӻת뿪ˣʧԶɫ£ֻʣ¼ŵѾվѾԱǾûԴʬ塣
ᳵ·ٴλصɱֹᣬû뵽һνӴľȻǸղŵλŮԷЩΪȥ˲ͷء
ȡɱֻ£ƮƮĽ˻ƣһʮԽӽĸо
Ůһæǰ·ȴ룬˵ִеļΪôͷˣѵһǣ
һУѾ֮ǰĹ̨ǰŵһλʮָòŮӣŮ֮⣬һȺʮֹ˴䷿С
ǰɱֵȼѫµĵطԵȣŮʮֹһȻת뿪ˡ
ڷһĽվã͸еķ϶ĴΧĻԼЩˡ
ԼǸŮ֮ԼʮˣÿһȫΪӪ˴֮䲢̸־ȫһסԼݣеֱĿʾˣӦöԼʵʮֵš
аڶǸŮͻȻվЦŶԴ˵Ȼܹ뵽ô˵һ˸ԵɱԣҪǰףشȡɱֵĳƺţ
ڴɨһۣһվǽеĺʱµ۾һ㶣οԷӦһӣϸ۲ͻᷢԼ͸ˡ
źۼĽתƿȻЦ˵ҪһͳƣҽԼɱԼɵȼ£һһ򵥵ͳƣ
С㣬һⲻףͻȻһԵһͻȻɤŵĺ
λ뽲һЦĿŶԷ
ѵЩɱһ˽ȴûȻˣô죿ǻˮ𣿡
Էһϯڷһɧƺ֣ȻЦĽ͵λɱ֪ɱֹžԵϢֻҪɱֹȡôδȷʮɵ½Ӷ㣬ǻȷǷ񣬵Ȼƭ˹ĻôͻɳɱȥȡӶ𣬵ȻͬʱȡصĻжԷҪ֪ɱֹʵңɱֹȱľɱ֣


һٰʮ ɱ2
·ȺһɧЦʵȻŴһȫҰǵ񱨸ȻһǷӦɱǼѫ£ȻǻͨһȷȷʵɣĻղŴҶ֪ˣ
µĻ£ΧһȺ̱궯һǿ׳վĿڣһ䡣
ɱֻǣȼ
űеıϼ¶Է֮ȻЦŵͷʾԼ
˵һ˿ͷ̱ûԾȿֺĺԼɱơ
ɱȼ
ɱֱȼ
ɱǣȼ

ÿһ˺ԼԼȼ֮¾ͻеıϼصϢԽǿʼԾĲ²⵽˭ǵȼߵһλ
Ǽߵ˺ԼǼʱͻرǼ͵ҪС࣬·±ԷЦһ㡣
Ĺɱȼļ
ͻȻһʱȫת˹ȥһĸߵˣҲǷΪĸĿʾ˵ɱ֮һ
֮ǰĻ㱨еȼߵľ˭Ҳû뵽ڴΪҪʱȻ˺ļɱ
һû˻һ͸Լһʮѵ񣬱ϾɱֿŵĿԣֻҪԼܹ뵽ɱֹᣬʱӵɱѫ£ʱŸߵȼѫ·սǵһξսʧܶǵòʧˡ
һԷȻǼ˲̺ŸԷĹɱƺҲʮһ̣ÿһ˵ϻ
ļ˻㱨ƺԵøӵĵ㣬ƺڶԷǼ֮ԼûԼǼˡ
ڱһһ¶ԷϢ֮Ȼŵʵûûл㱨ģ
е˻һۣȻʮĬĽͶ˷ǸԴӽûκĺϣǿԱԷƺǺܴԣһǷʲôϣϾʵ仹Щϵġ
ͻȻȫûɻ̧ͷȻ˳Ŵҵ߲ŷվڽ𣬲еıӣЦ
λɱ㱨һɱֻ£
Щ˯ͻȻΧ˶ڶԼŷֵָԼ㱨ˣеָĦһ£Ȼ˵ӦǼɣ
ȫղһʱȻ˱õı˵⻹ʲôǼų׵Ⱥˡ
ɱ֣
뵽еЩͻȻеһ䣬ԷһͱԼ߳˺üǼҸղŶԷһꡣ
һɱ֣
뵽вһʮֻĸоʲôʱɱˣ
Ǹղ˵Ǽǣ
»Լղˣæٴʵˣɱʲô
Ǽ񣡡
һһһ䣬ȫˡ
ǼǼ񣡣
ܣһˣ֮ǰոеСĹû뵽ԼķͷȻǰһȫˡ
λҲˣǸ꣬Ϊпһɱֵ񣿡
˶ԷĻеҲ¶һ֮ɫͬԷ˵ǡ
񡭡񣡡
·һԵһϢЩŵ̧ͷһЩǸĿһ
ԲҪ֪ûܡ
ûʲôĻǾͻ֪ҵûУƮƮĽ
ܣСһƭң֮ǰǸĹ˵ƺʮֲˬķͷ
ৣ
δȴҷӦѾڶԷǰûһ˿СڶԷƣûбҪκε档
ĹǰһжΣһ
飡
δ˿γȭģĹѾ˳ȥȻصˤһԵǽϣ̱ڵϻ˹ȥ
ݼž
˼ĿŽһоͽһɱָɳȥ𣬾ŴͲ֪룡
ǷԷɱѫˣû˵ľƮƮʵ
ɡԣЩĽ


һٰʮ Ƿ
ĴУ侲Щ죬˶ܹеȫһ䣬һԣмǲΡΡſڴذϲ̧ͷڴλˡ
λϵһλЩֲˣһĿĵ̴۽һֱǣȫݣĵ̷·һһռ˴ŭû˸ӣ
һ¿Ųϣһֻķαôţڿκε仯
ˣϤ˲֪ǶԷҪŭǰס
˵ˣ̧ͷƮƮĽƽȴ·ǹĵһôÿһ˵С
̨µļһһܲסѹֵķΧԴݺݵڵϡ
ءǽˣ
˾ȻͷȻƽɨһ·ļˣָôŷ֡
˵һصĺ˽ɶɱģ
ǡǵģ
Էʲôģ
ûû壡
󣿡
°²ƺ¶ԷŭæٴβԷ˻ƺһλߣ
һ˿⣬ָôֵٶ𽥼ӿ죬ͻȻñ
Ϊλܹ
ݺݵһæĲϵؿͷԥͣԴѿƣȫѪԷȫĻȻ
롭
Էʵ̫ˣʱȻһжδֵס

û˵Ŀ⣬վ߳Ͽһۡ
ȻɶˣôǾȥɣ
˵ͻȻһȭһǰ
һʽûУǰļͻȻȼȻ˲䱻Χ

˲ϵ˻޺ڵϲϵشΧ治ɫ޶ԣϵıĬȻƺûзֶԷĿ޺
˲䣬ֹͣϾֵıնһ˲䣬Ȼ𽥵ıΧֻʣһ̯̿
ɢһŵĿ뽹̿ζΧߵƺȫȻûзȻͦصվԭһ
»ǲɱΪҪ֪үһֱɱֵϣ·һվԵ
˳ĵͷ˫鲻ԽĽϵɱһ
ɱֹᣡ
һ˿ŭ𣬵ɱֹᱳǸԼǸǿֻεһȭʯεķϣʱʯεķķ顣
ԸȥȫѰһߴԼһҵĺˣǿ˵ȫץǾҲҪɱָڳ
ǣ

ȥˣǲֳȥˣ
ڿջķУѩغе߿ɻʵ
е飡ͣϵʿĿģ
˵ͻȻһȻ˶ʱٽ
ѩЩɻ󣬲ܿͷһȺջÿһ˵ɨţͬʱֱӳȥڳԷĶԷԴ̧Էĳࡣ
𡭡ѩЩĵСʵ
һҪ˵ƣȻһмһطŵԷУض˶촽ЦЦ
ѩͻȻһůκεĵģΪղſΣǣҪ£ڣ
ţǳĶӱɱԴһź۵ˣ֮зκϢıϱκο
֪ǹֵģǾһɵͬͬɱ⣡ͬ޶
Ļոս꣬һ¥Է˾ͿʼСĽͷӶİӱ˵ɱԴԺ䶯ˣ
ѩͫͻȻŴЩ͵͵һ𣬵ֶԷȻСڳŷʱѩŲźۼĵͷǿװ򶨡
ӳ¥ҲûУһӻ¥ѲȻ㱨
ߣ
ӳһ֣ȻһȺ˴ſ뿪ߵſڵһʱ˷ĳԷѩ裬һ
٣벻ȻƯŮǹɫ㣬ٺ٣СŮԱСһ㲻㣡ǸҰɣһģ
ĻͬһЦѩһŭҪڽ첲ȴһԵѹסֻƵ˻ȥѩ迴Է·ҪԷֱɱ
һԵĻӳһ߹ȥǷŭ̸Ů˵ʱѵҪԴ𣿸Ͻȥһ
ȵһȺҺ뿪ѩŭĿ𣬡ղô
ЦЦԷǴųѵҪαͷ𣿡
ѩƵÿӺݺݵز׷·ǶԷԴһ㣬лдʡ
ţţ
ЦЦİɣǻõӦеĳͷģ
ѩһϲͻȻ̧ͷ𣬡ģղǽ顭㡭
źۼĵ˵ͷѩ辪ȵ̧סӣСڣͬʱסԼϵ𾪣


һٰʮ 
벻㾹Ȼɱ˶ǳĶӣȻ󣬵ȴѾüˣһֱδɱָڳнӣ
ɱֹһɵ˵ƺɱ˽ϡƽһͨˡ
ȻһϮɫ۵𰲾һԽеĺڰУлƵĵƹӳ䲻ݣԵʮá
ǶҵϢѵǾͲżҪ֪ڿɱֹˣѵͲ³Ὣѵɱֹϣ
˺ǺЦ˼ȻƮƮҡҡͷʮŵĺһеĿȣȻƮƮЦ
£
ΪʲôЩɻʵ
ǺǣҪ֪ɱֹܴ󣬴󵽳˵󣬶⴦½ֻеһΪǵĹῪôãɱôˣвһЩʮӰľͷΪǵĹȻలأ
һ㶣⾭Էһŷȷʵеɻ˲ŵĽ͵ڹ鼰ȫ½ɱֹһССĳʵЩ΢ǶԷڶɱֵֹĻôҪ˵ǣʿɱֹ˱Ҫ֪Ȼܹ֧ŵɱֹᣬôⱳ˿ɲһǳԷģ
ͷԼ͸뵽һˣȻҽ˷Ǿ˵վɱֹ㹻ѾܹӰ쵽˶˼ɣԣʹǶԹԹޣȴҲֻܹʣ
ȻԷɱֹᣬ˽ʹɱչǿԵģϾɱֹһƽ̨ɱֲҪʹˣ
üͷһںеָصŷ֣ȻҽȻǲηǵı
ЦЦȻһɫĿƬŵص˵㡣
ɫѫ»ҿſƬʵ½ͨõģԣߵֻҪҵУԽĽȡĴƬԼ¼ÿһ˵Ĵ洢Լ
һ֣ƬɻУȻʮֺǰĶȻװʮɵͷһϷ֣Ȼĵ˵ͷȡӶϡ
ˡƺʲôһ㣬ͻȻڽϾҪʿɽˣҪμӵĻǲҪͨ飡
һ㶣ȻһɫЦЦ˵ʱɱֹһ˶Ϊ˴õμɽǽеļ㼱ڼ빤Ŀİɣ
ÿɷʼ磬δشԷ⣬ּܿʼȥ
ʵÿ궼ᷢԣ˼֮ɱֹ˾ߣҪòμɽôеɱֱ뾭ǹѡΣֻоѡεĳԱܹɹΨһļȻɱֹȥμɽᣬȻҲɵľͿԲμɽᣡ
Ƥһѵʲô
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ĵͷԷĺһףṩɱշ湤ȥһ˫˴˶õԼ棬Ƿ
֪ὫѡЩˣͻȻʵ

ͻȻƮƮĽһʣ۾һظ
Ǻǣ֪ˣ̼ѡֶΣͻȻ˫۷Ź⣬ƺʮΣϴһ˿˷ܵĹâ
ͬĹͬѣʵ߻ȫȱһɣΪܹɹĻùṩôǾƴϳɣ

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˿ּеȫ˼䳡ϣÿһ˶еһȻɫ˵ȫضŴӵڴӿŭ
վǰּҵּҵ峤죬ּҵ죬Լλϣ˵ּҵм
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˺ͺѾȫ˻ͽ˺ɽӦûʲô⣡ϳ۾ȴһĿԶĴڡ
ͷ̧ͷһɫ谵ƺʱ꣬ѹֵ˴
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һٰʮ ּߣɱ
ԶĴڳһּ߳Ȼܵǰͣ½ŲĻ峤ˣ
̧ͷһͷϵգеȭͷսֱؽڷһ졣
ڻ𣿡
תɨǰּоˣĥѾǵǸֻ֪߰һ˼ּš
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λ׼𣿡
ͻȻЦЦԭͻȻ÷
˽ŵʱ̣峤ȻЦˣԭЩŵͻȻȫĵķ˲٣ϵıҲʼ
𿴵ϵı仯żȥλּ仧ڴˣδκ˽񣬲ƣǼţֻҪˣôһõõĻرǡ
ǡܻôһЩϲƵˣǿּҺ۸ҪǵԷΧڣǾȻҪּȫ壬ڣǸңǸô죡
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´ɣô˽ȫ峤İţȫɱˣҲϣЩӻΪּҵµϣȻὫּҵнഫֱЩּ֮˵ļһȫһɱңţһΪǴұ𣡡ͻȻƵĴ
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ϵĶĿ֣ڤڵĻԻͣԼǸȫ𾪵Ϣ֮쳹ɽ
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ÿһ˳Ծѣҧһ;ϲƴΪĲгһܹһ֮֮˴
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ǰּߵɫԼͬı˱䣬תһֹ
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ӶһеıһĨݣڶԼҪܶĶԷɨ
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ħһٴλÿһ˵ԺУʱÿһ˶ʱ

ôҲ뵽ͻȻֵȺʵ˵õ˾ȻģǸ˳ЦȴѾ˺ݺݵ˦ꡣ

΢΢۽ͻȻӿˮˣԴ֮񼸺ÿ춼ڵһֱûκεϢ˭룬ڽּҼʱ򣬾ȻĻϢ
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䣡
˱˲ɳȥصײһϣһըȴĹǿϵľʹŴӵʱͻȻһȫ׹ߣ
Ǹˣ


һپʮ ɭֻս
ƻգԭӦðɭֽȴӿڲǵĳսɱ¾
ִӱԼڵϵĶֵĻͳһƣһۣȻַԼĿռָУ̧ͷһɫ
ԶѪɫƲʼ˴ƬʣĿ£ΧɭֶӳճѪɫ
Ҫ𣡡
ͷһڵϵĶԷתƵһԵɭУ̾һ
Ҫӿٶˣ
ಣ
˫һȵ棬ȻԾңʧԶ

ɭߵɱֱ˴ţ˫ž裬׼ʱԶԷһ
ǣȻˢӣҳԼĶ֣ǽҲò˵һź׼ɣ
ǵɱһ㶣ͻȻֶӳĸӰȻӳԼֵߡ
ǵ۾һ㶣ŴͣЩŵ˵㡭ǡ
ٺ١ûΪȫʶԭһϷֻǺܲҵ˽
ǲɱ֣ЩԾĺ
ɱֻ֣Ǹոռģ
Էƺоʤȯգ˲Щ⣬ӻͳһȻһƣ
ڰǵǰĻ˻ΣȻЦſڽǶɱֻ֣ҵĿĲͬѣѵûзǼɱЩ𣿡
ʵۡս졢롢
һһÿһ˵֣ʵƺʮڵϷ龰һƿһеĸо
ʵۡս졭
૵ظÿһ֣ĳһƺʲôһ㣬ǵ۾ͻȻɴǲ˼飬ЩŵĿǰˣ΢΢·þȫŽǸ˲֡
ʡʡʸ־
ʵ۹ЦһǣȻûǾǻʸ־
ǼкıЩԾʵ
ʸ־ڴʿʲô京岻ԶȻɱ֣ǶϵȨЩ˽⣬˵ʸ־ǴʿȨ
ʸ־Ͳòᵽһ塪ʸ壬ǴʿƿߣϵĴڣǲٿŴʿһУ˵ʸƿÿһ˵
ʸֱӰʿĻ˵ʸ൱ڤڴɽӰֻڤڻʸǰƨ㣡
ʵϷʵĿŰǣǼɱֹȻΪ˵õǸҪ֪ȻʸڴʿžԵȨҲȫռԾ׺أȻʸռ˾ݶĿĺǣȻϣԽԽá
ǾͽɱֹˣЩ˼ĺѵǸҺɱֹԿҪ֪ɱֹᱳȻʸǿ
ٺ٣һȻ֪ȫͨķɱֹģȻȫϹĹЩ̲ϼһǳҪΪҲûκεİ취ֻܹǰ䷢ɱѫ£ΪһεжֵѾǰһʱʱ˳˻ʸ壬ɱֹٹ㣬Ҳܲ³⾹Ȼһı
ʵ۵Ūеһƣƺڽ鷳ʵϣϵʵѾɭкߡ
۾һ㶣ѵǾͲҽϢɱֹᣡ
ʵͻȻ¶һ˿ЦݣĵĴԷĶС
㲻ңҡҲûǸˣ
ৣ
ʵ۵Ļոս꣬ԵĸͻȻԭʧ˲ڰǵǰȻɱ֣ͬɱֵĶʱǼȫм֮
飡
ݺݵײһԵУǵѾദˣ˲òǵѪŴ̧ͷȴǰվŶԷˡ
飡
Էһڰǵ°ϣǶߵķٴ˦˳ȥˤڵϣȻϵصˤڵϣ
ۣ
ƬǴڵ³ڵϡ
ʵ˻سŰǿǻʣʮ׵ʱ򣬵ڵϵİͻȻһԾȻ˵忪ʼӿһĨȻķ
ȻҪɱڣôȫɣ
ۣ
ǵĻδ꣬ͻȻ۾һͣȻ۾رϡ
ӰǵлͳֱۣǵſſĵڵϣʵۻضӴӶԷѳһƣȻסȻִӻͳƷһ¶һĨЦ⡣
һĿǡ
δȻʵ۵Ļ꣬ͻȻеƾȻԼһԾȻĳԶһþĶˣȻʧ
ܿ죬һɫӰʧҶһԾȻڼĿɿڴע£ʧԶ


һپʮ ߡ
ԭʼɭУžĻ˲ɱ¾߱ҪʮֵľΪ˭Ҳ֪һԼǲǻԼ
ԭУͻȻһӰ˲仮Ϣļɱûзʲô飬ӰѾһʧǵҰУֻͷϻڲҡڵ֦֤ղȷʵ˾
ô£ղʲô
Ϣɱ¶ɻ֮ɫƺ벻׸ղǵʲôٶʵ̫ˣòûз־һ˲ʧǰ
һֲĸоɱæս׼뿪ǻδжǰһ绮Ȼ˲ʧԼǰ
һΣɱֿˣղųȥǼӰֻǶԷƺʮַŭڲ˱¶ݵɭп񱼡
ɱɻʱ֮ǰ뿪ɱ־Ȼ˻Ȼ󲻵ɱֽһ˲佫ɱƷŵڵء
ӶԷĻͳһƣսû˿˷֮ɫƷŵУȻһԵĻ˵ͷ˫ѸٵĳǰĲӸȥֻµѾɱʬ塣
һԾȻٴµʱѾɵʮԶһĶˣ˫ʱӰЩԱѧϰһɭеܼɣΪסԭʼɭУԣһԼصļܡ
˫ѵӰһµʱ䣬ǸŶԷѧһֶصļܡ
΢΢Լȫ˫ϣ˷·ɭеԳһ㣬ǿı뾪˵ĵȻ˲һԾ𣬷ٵķɵʮ׵ϣ𻹶һܽ˸ǾԼǿľ𼸺˲֪Χþ۾Ԥ⣬ͿһԾѵľߡ
ԼһοЩçײˣղЩ˵ĶԻȫˣƺʸʿƿߣȺΪпɲǿЦüͷ壬ƺ˼׵ʧ
󣡼ȻˣûʲôúڵģͻȻüᶨӻóɱֹᷢŵļײͼȻѰһ·ǰȥ
ϾҪˣֻҪɱ֮ʱûˣ
ৣ
ո£ȴķǰ֪ʱѾվӰ
ͣϣЩĿǰˣȴЩԼһ·Ӵܣ벻Է˾Ȼ׷
תɫĿ£ʵ۴δ˷ŭһֱԼЩ˶ǵλ磬ߵĶ˹άĽɫһβԼҪŰ˭Ű˭ǡڸղţȻ˸ҴԼжԼ˵ƣ
ֱǳƣǶԻʸƣǲ̵ġ
ôĵӣȻ͵ҵƣʵǿеŭҧݣݺݵ˵
ΪߣһۼȫסԷСֻΪһͨɱ֡
εƺưɣȻǿ˵ƣΪҾͲܹȡǵأȻ˻Ʋϵ뱩¶Լݡ
ʱʵһ㶣û뵽ԷȻһϵߣǿƺЩ̫ûʱ⣬ΪĻݳ׵ļŭ˻ʵۡ
ղǵĽ̸㶼˰ɣȻ֪ǵĵϸȻ˵ţò˵ô㻹ǵһʵЦȻ󻺻˫һָؽ죬һһԵͬ飬Ȼſڼ
ʼ磬һңܹǵס
ʵ۵ɫ׵ıоٶ죬ļ˻ڸ;УԼ붼ɱֵʵ˶ԸһӦûʲô⡣
ߣҵҪһӦǶ˵ֹҿҪһ䣬Ϊǵͬڷٵĳ߸ԣΨһĻҵͬ;нǶ˷ŵĻͽɣ
˦˦ͻȻһĨȵս⣬ͻȻ¶һ˿ȡ
볢һ£
ʵ۵ɫĿ£ϣ㻹һĻһὫԴš
ʵͻȻתһָ󣬡ɱ֮ҵ󣬲ܿϧûлˣΪˣ
˵ͻȻ˲ʧһµҶȻΪΪ˱ܣѾѪħ뵽˿ռָֻܹ˫ȭӭС
һǰӹĶ֣һĨء
ҵĿε֮һҲкţƵݣ˭˭ҡ˭


һپʮ ɱ֮
ʵһ·ӣ;˫һͻȻ䵶һԵ˲һڼ׶ı˵ĽŲʮٶҪҪһ˿
żһ棬˲ʧԭأ˶ԷĹʵ۵䵶ڿһβϺӣղվλãɾȻƾձжϣȻмɢһýһã岻Ϻˣżһ㣬Ե̱ضϡ
ıһֻ˽߰˿ȻصվһϿһ޴ĵۡ
ͷЩĿǰһУһ֮Ȼ˿ֲǰļȻˢˢȫɡ
ౣ벻ܵٶȵͦ죬ʵ˶ѵĻôɾҪΣˣʵ۶Լһɵʮ⡣
ɫأͻȻ˫ֻԼսپĻȵԷԮֹԼ¾Ҫ߲ˣ
˫ֽ棬һȭ
׻
䣡
޴ȭӡ˲䳯˵ĳȥʵƤһ˲һԣȭӡǺݺݵҵ˸ղվϣ޴ıըʱȻ˲Ƭա
ʵվһԵһϣЩԾĴǰĳأ벻Էһȭ֮Ȼֲ˹ӣԼҪ¹Էʵˣ
ãǸһﲻˣ
һԵɫһ䣬ͻȻ
Сģ㱳󣡡ʵɫһ䣬ĺҪϹȥԮѾˣ
ȵ亹תʱÿǴŵһĨаȵ΢Ц
ŭ
޴Ŀ£·˲ҪƬضʵֻһѾ޴ĿԿһԾ£ȻƬïܵɭ˲䱻һΪ׵壬ֱӱһݺݵؿ˵£ѸٵĹѣȻ˱˵صС
˲ľ޴˲佫ظÿһ˵ȫ裬еʵ
ʵվԶһĶˣӿһĨϵ亹δɣղԼӦѸ٣ԼҲѾֱӱȥˡ
һʲôͷʵЩĴ໹Ϊղŵľһ̶ֱ
롭ҵصȥˣЩɬ૵ʵ۵Ƥض˶Լ˾ȻԷռϷ磡
üͷ·ϸѰټϧΧʵ̫Ũˣľȼյʲô
ͻȻʵ۸оһΣգȻһϮԥתһһ㣬ȭͷһһգ
ôܣŨôܹҵλãʵЩľĺԷı𾪣ԷƺȫΧЩỤ̃ʹȻܹ׼ȷķԼλá
ûԷֻҪٽǰһͿֱӽɱ֮УԷҪҵԼǲܵġ
˫һչͻȻһ⻪Ȼһ⽣Ȼ֣˫Ȼһ⽣ǿȸһ˲չȻһΪߣÿһȫ˸ҫ۵Ĺâ
ʵɫһܹоԷЩ⽣̺ľ޴Ļ
һﵽʲôʵ
ŭһʵеĶҲûֹͣ˫䵶ͻȻݺݵĶԽӵһȻѵ϶ΪһΪһ̫ͼı־
Żʵ۵˫ֲϽе˫ѸٵתٶȿѾۼֻһӰڶԷвӡ
ܿ죬ڻʵǰĿʼ仯һ߳ԲɫȻ֣䵶תٶԽԽ죬ɫʼž졣
ܹоԷɫ̺ǿüͷ˫ͻȻһӣ߰ѹ⽣˲ӶٵĳŻʵ۶ȥ
о޴ĺɫ򣬻ʵ۵һĨ֮ɫ
ȥɣ񵶺ڱ
޴ĺɫӳĹ⽣˲佻һ
һѹ⽣ȻֱӲıɫɣǹС˲٣
۾һһתڶѹ⽣ϣ
ɣɣ
ѹ⽣İѹ⽣
·ʿϾ˫ϴ߶ȫԪٿԼĹ˿ֻ̣Ҫһߣͻ˲ʧܣ
ѹ⽣ȫɫɵͬĺɫĴСҲֻһ˵ԴСһݣ˫ͻȻǰһƣѹ⽣ͬʱźɫײȥ
䣡
һıըȻƬ˲䱻˳ĻУʵ۶׵壬˵ͬʱ˳ȥ
󵹷ɵĹУһۿԶ߸ˡ
ûʱһ
ĵ˫һӣһԾȻٵĳѾеɱ֮ȥ


һپʮ 
Žǰľ޴ɱ֮һ̾ʹǴɭУ޴Ȼ߳޴ɭһأһԶۿʮĿ
ǰѾܹɱ֮ΧĹ㳡㳡ϴӰԿɫһϲٴμӿ˽ŲѸǰ
ۣ
ͻȻһӰѸ׷֮ǰƴܾ˵Ļʵۡ
䵶ʵ۴˿̵ܲˬλʲôʱĳ裬ĪıеƣȻԼ˫ضԷȻһһˡ
ֱʸĪ裡
˫һ˦һ޴ķٴλȻ˺ΧĿһ·ݿĳȥ
ţƤǰ
εһüͷżɣȻ͵ķתת˫ֿһ𣬶ʱһɾ޴γɣȻӭķ˲佻һ
飡
ȻѸٷȥͻȻ¶һ˿Цݣض˶죬ȻѸٵԷ˾롣
лˣ
𽲵Ļ󣬻ʵɫļҪѪղŶԷȻԼĹɵĳӿԼٶȣ
쵰һҪɱ㣡
һ̺ŭĳɱͻȻɭУһƬ

ɱ֮
һߴʮıɭֵģǰһƽľ޴㳡˿̲ϵӵӰ䵽㳡ȻѸٵĳɱ֮ȥֻҪ뵽Ǹ棬ǾͲڵԼϵƻᱻߡ
ĵһڴɫӰǹһվڴ˴ɱֲͬǣ˵ϴһԽɫߣ京岻Զɱ֣
ǽڲɱֱҪеƽɱֹĿϹܹ֮С
ۣٺ٣ƽҰɣȥ֮ҲֻǱ̭Ļһǰ̺۵ĺͻȻһɱֱͱȻĿ֮½Էϵʮȫռ
һоͷɱֵǰȥɱ־Ѿʮף
ΧҴҾɱЩĿǰһĻȴû˹棬ڴɱֶ·δ﷢һƵģĮ
̺еͻȻЦȻеƻһ𽻵һԵɱУ
˼һ£ȻֱƲУ̺תһļɱһۣͻȻһȻתɱ֮ڲȥ
֪˵߽һԵɱ֮ɱֲŷӦ鲻ԽÿһȫסԼеƣƺ±ͻȻϮߡ
ಣ
ͻȻһӰ㳡ΧٴνսԼеƣͻȻֵٴʲôľٶ
Ӱ֣¶һ۵̧ͷһǰɱ֮һ˿˷ܣٴμӿŲӾͳɱ֮ȥ
ͻȻоΣգ͵ĳһԾԭռݵλһ޴ıըŨܵ޴ӳڹ㳡ϣһ˲䣬ǰͻȻĵӰ
ʵ̧ͷһǰӿɱ⣬һһĿڣĴÿһ˵ĶС
ƣ㲻
ȻǱ˰ڵĴ̧ͷǰĵӰɨ˵ıɱ֮ԼҪɱ֮Ļ¾ͱȸ㶨ĸ˲С
ڴŽɫߵɱַߵȤĴߣƺŶսǲԡ
ͱߵЩ壬æܵſڽƣȻѸٵĳȥȻҲЩո˵֮ƺڽ뵽ڣվڹ㳡ȤĴǰΡ
ϣ
ʵһȻȷ˹˽ϣ˵ٶȼ˲еݺݵسȥ
ۣ
ˣ
ʵ۵ɫһȻ˲Լ˵Χ֮ʧȻܹСԷʵ
ͷϣ
ͻȻ֪˭һȫԴ̧߼еͷϵϿգ
˵£һɫӰȻ֣ȻݺݵһȭԼһֵؿڣ
׻
䣡
ĸһĹ޴ȭӡݺݵײϷһ޴ıը
δͣڿһչĹ⽣ٴγɡӿŻ棬·һ㸩·ĸˡ
Ӱ䣡
߰ѹ⽣˲չ֣Ȼ͵ĳ˹ȥ
ľ֮塪ܣ
һ޴ľͻȻֵǰ߰ѹ⽣ײľϣһգ޴ı
ͻȻһӰ֣δӦʱԷѾ󣬻ʵ۵ǴѪȴһĨЦݡ
һжáˣ


һپʮ ɱ֮һ
һжáˣ
ǹ
飡飡飡
ײ屳У˲屻ɣ˦˳ȥʵЦһȻżһ棬׷ȻһȭԴȥ
ڿ޷ϾԼвϱȭͷһ˿ţڶԷȭͷԼʱͻȻһתڿռָеѪħУԷ˫ֺݺݵײеѪħϡ
飡
һڵݺݵײϵǽϣȻǿ֧䵽ϡ
ųˣһĨɱ⣬ȴһԵڣһȻԱһӵڴеƽɱֵУ
ȻԼ˵ƽ˽ɱ֣ʵ۵һͣδȷӦڴȴתĸ¶һ˿΢ЦȻһ뵽ڡ
ಣ
˵θӽץȴſڱɱָ
ǵƣĿĻ룡һɱĻָƺȫûпղžǰĻս
ʵɫһ뻳ͳ˽ʮƣһ㣡ǻҪʱ䣬һһҪǸһ棡
ڻʵ׼ʱǰĽɱ־Ȼٴ첲סˡ
û˵ƣչ涨ѾȡЦ˱ʸԣʹȡٶƶϣ
˵ʲôʵɫһЩŭĺеЩƾǽ㹻ˣΪβ룿
ʵۺҪǿн룬һĽԷĸ첲ĵһԣȻҪڣ
ڼ˻ûзӦʱһԵĽɱͻȻ֣һץסʵ۵죬Ȼһȭʵ۵嵹˳ȥ
ȵ˷Ӧʱ򣬻ʵ۵Ѿʮ׿ĵط
ս˵ɴ۾Щ˼ĿǰһУʵʵǿһǽһȭʵ۾Ȼͱ˳ȥ޻֮
ЩĿһ۵ڵûκϢĻʵۣȻٴνתƵһԵɱϣԷϵĽɫʱҲһ˶Էݣ
ɱ֣ԼһĴڣ
һȭʵۻɣɱַ·һʮ΢һ㣬תȻƮƮĿ˹㳡еһۣ
һ

֪淢飬ɱ֮ĵһ㣬ŷĿռҪԼĴöࡣһ޴ĴҰУʮֵĿտһۿÿһ䣬˿һ¥Ĵվżˣ˱һľ룬ȫЩĹ۲ű˴ˡ
Щ棬ǰŷһȺ֮ԲǰΪһ¥ڴȻվһͬǺɫɱֻ֣Էϵſڵλһͬǽɫ
ɱ֣
һݣĹ۲ܣΧļɱͬıž裬ܹߵ˵ĺ֮ԣⲻã
ٺ٣ȹϲǽ뵽ɱ֮һ㣬ǾİȫˣΪҪǾͱͨÿһеĹؿȻʧˣôǵĽЩûʲôͬʧܣ
Щˣԭνĳһ£ҪͱŬĽÿһĹؿǾܸϵĹؼڡ
Ȼ˵һ֮Ҳѡ֮սĻҲᱻ̭ٸӣǷѾǧڶ㣬ǵڶĹؿȴûнôܱǸǵĳɼȻȫɵһ㣡ԣ׼ɣ׼óʵ֤Լ
Ϊһ㣬Ȼ򵥵˼Ҫͨʮּ򵥣ֻһǾܹǰǾͿֱӽڶˣȻҵĹΧҲڴǵʱһʱһʱ֮ûйĻͻᱻжΪʧܣ
˳һϢ֮ǰȥѾнٸˣԣһǺʴȵģɣɱͻȻ¶һ˿èϷЦ⡣
ˣǿԽҰ߻
˹֮󣬴еļ˶ʱʱһǲҪٵΧɱִԼвֻҪĵӦǰ鷳Ϳԡ
𲢲ͷ࣬ûѡǰսǻһվ׼һԼϵƣղŵսһˣڳ֮ǰ뽫Լ״̬ڵѣ


һپʮ 
۾ɨһΧ״һʱĻָڵѾָĲ࣬Ϊʱ͵ĵҩָҪԵøӵ°빦
Щ˼ĿǰһУһСĹԭнٵɱ־Ȼʣ²ʮˣüͷɨһڵϵĶʮɱ֣ܹоЩѾȫ˹ȥ
ۣ
һɱҪǿͻƣȴ߻һȭ˳ȥȻصˤһǽϣ˻ص䣬˹ȥ
߻ķ·һֻϻһ¥ڴжΧҲڸǼʹΧɱҲѰ¥Ǳմ˾ͻѪȥûٴĿܣ
оȻǽɱ֣ղǸ˵ʵܹоԼɱңǼʹȻֵסԷһȭ֮벻ɱֵʵȻֲ
ҪСˣԷʵʵֲ̫ǱԷסĻԼҲҪˣ
˼ţڴȥڵĴֻʣ²ʮˣҾһʱԼҲҪˣԼʱóųˣ
ʣµļɱЩţŵļ˶˾Ե壬վڱԵλԥҪҪһȴû˸ٴǰ
ιǴһϣ򵹣Ȼϻ϶¥Σ֮ǰͨɱ˻ƵĵɱͻȻתһԵļ˺
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һʯдܳһӰǱղĹɳȥİ໢˿ʮǱѣǴѪЩ̧ͷעŸոʧڴ


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ڶ㣬һֻԼؿڣղŰ߻һҪԼ˵´ʱͲֻôˡ
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վһʯǴһĨЦèϷһǰС档
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ȭڶԷʮ£ʮѪϸѪģ컹ýͻȻһ߳عǶѵ
һŽС泯߷˳ȥȻ󵹷˺ɽ£
ϧԴϵİ̺ۣһ

վſǰһУЩͷ۵ĽַŵͷϣЩѰˣ
ֻǰȻһƬŨŨκεŨŨ䣬Ұף顣
²¥Ķ֪ˣЩѵĿǰһС
ಣ
ͻȻһʶĳһһ㣬һذ״ղſǽϣĵĹâ˵սľ
վŨУЩĿǽϻڲϲذףֱ벻оȻܹԼټ
ŨƺŲٵܣ
ٺ٣λƺֽһɱأڵĲйɱʮҪͱŨҳڣһʱСǵ͵ϮŶ׼ûУǿǲŶ
һЩĵŮͻȻЦ˹͸Ũÿһ䣬ޣ·õδ֪ʵЩ졣
ؿһǽϣͱ˱ܵͻϮ΢Ȼϵ˰ȫҪŨѰҳڻˮ㣬ãȻĻֻܹһϹһһ飬ǻδ֪ΣڵȴˣһҪ㶼Ҫࡣ

ͻȻһԵŨдһžʹһܶۻ죬ԭ̴һŲܶüͷһ壡Ȼвˣ
㿪ˣ
ΧĶʱȴ֪ͷϷһӰ˳һӻ»䣬Ȼ͵ؽ׿Դϣһ䣬̱ȥ


ڶ 
Ǻ֪֮£ֻо󱳴һΣյϢǻδӦһѾӱ˹Ȼ͸еϴһɴ˵屻Ѹٵĵ˵棡
һӰȻԿ£һ棬ȻѸٳԶܣѸٵĳſȥ
еľţͻȻһռָеѪħУȻһᣬԿ£ѪħݺݵسŵϵĺӰȥ
оеʧԼķӰͻȻһתȻѸٵʧΧС
أЩɨΧϧеȫˣʲô
ղСģû뵽Ȼмˣ˼۾ȴʱעΧĻ
˿̵ķЩ죬ưȴǲǵıһҺ֪ɱֱԷץˣ
ɶڴҲǰ취׼Ѱİɣ뵽ʼǽһƶʱעǽߵ
۾ʱעΧͻȻоΣգתһ뱳˵ײһ𣬶ԷһδѸٵҪ룬һȻٴöԷóѣżһ棬ѸٸϣѪħݺݵسŶԷĺ󱲿ȥ
飡
ٴײһΣԷһЩŭˣǶɱ֣ЩʮɱֿٲǵĿ꣡
һ㶣ΪԷĻΪԷ⡭⾹ȻһŮӣ
㡭һŮʶԷĶһۣȻ񵲺ˣѸһˣʧС
֪ԷʧЩӦòȹң
ۣۣۣ
˿ΧʹԽԽ࣬ƺи˱򵹣ЩɻЩ˵пԷĵģ
ŲỺ˳ǽߣͻȻŨһХų𣡶ͬʱǰһɫӰͻȻгԷѶУĿҲ
ǰҵ·ͬʱסһͻȻԭڿնһԾڵǽϣ
飡
첲ϸݺݵײһԵǽϷһ죬ȻɫӰͬʱ֣˫еĺһδҲڿն˫ͻȻ
衪У
һĵгȥ˫ȷֿؿǽڲֽ࣬Ѫħٵĳſһҿ
飡飡飡
ԷδЧȻһʧԭأٴγֵʱѾʧС
һξԲˣ
һ۽һ˿⣬˫źݺݵسǽһ壬һڵһѸٵĳгȥ
һдδתĿȻǰǵɫӰԼ˿̱ȻĻ´Щ˻͵ϮԼûû˵ĻԶ߲
ŭ
䣡
޴Ĺâ͸Ĺ⵶һݺݵسǰϾҪʧĺӰȥ
䣡
ԷƺоͷϷΣգʶĳһȻȥȻըľ޴˳һУ䲻
ڴлδɣͻȻһٵĲסס
⣡
δ͸о´һɴһӱڵأһԵȥ
𿴵ΧģЩӰһζҲ֪ɱֻǿԼԱûЩѪħݺݵسϿȥ
£ϽǳһССĺۼ֪ⶫʲôƳɵģ

аһǴ˿ҲϵһǽǣδӦӰĿ
˲ϵ˫һȵ棬Ȼ˴ӵϵٵһȥԷĹת޻ڵһȭ
׻
䣡
һȭʱˣѸٵĶӽϵ⿪ɫӰȴֻٴαƽ
ʮɱ֣
ŭȴͻȻǽһЩСӰϸһȻһˣ

һȻǸղϮԼǸŮɱֻ֣ԷȴЩ⣬˫ֱ˷Ҳöסˡ̱ǽǲϵȴʼգ
ٴιˣͻȻѪħȻ˫ֽ棬ŭһӰ䣡
ৣ
߰ѹ⽣˲֣ǿҴ۵Ĺâ˲佫ڵĿռӳյЩĿ˫һ˦еĹ⽣ȫŶӰȡͬʱηٵһǽǣ
ҷ֣ٵĶŶԷ
ǸŮɱֺû뵽ȻԼʶĵ˵ͷ
ͻȻ˫һڶԷϵȫѣŮһԾ͵ĳһӽ˵ڵأ
Сģ
ŮӵĻո£֮ǰĵطͻȻһ޴ıըΧɢ˲٣


ڶ ֪
屻ײֻоһͷͣȻصˤڵأδӦ͸оһϮȻһԼĻС
ֻоԼеĴдһĸоһȻ͵۾ͻȻֶԷˤԼĻУԼȴǡ÷뵽˲÷ŵĵط
εĲ֪룬ͬʱſԼϵŮɱһ˿ɬȻӿһĨɱ⡣
͵һԷƵһԵĽ䣬ȻеѪħ͵̧񵲣
飡
ֻоһϮȻѸٵı˳ȥ
ڵϹ˼ȦΪҪɱԼû뵽ԷȻɱָ˳ȥֱ˿֪ԭղΪ˾Լ
ʪɱ
˫һۣͻȻ屳ͻȻǾһٵĳŹǵӰȥסԷĽףȻһԷ󳶷ɣԷеĽűߣһͿϡ
˫ڱһ˷𼸸ӳŮǰ˱Ĺעԡ
񣡡

ܺãһȻһ¥ΣͻȻ
ɽ
ûκεĳɣӦĽףȻʱ˹ͬˣ
ٺٺ٣ͬ𣿲Ϊոʶͬɿ𣿶Էֵ𣿡ͻȻһЦԶдƮƮĴ˵ĶС
һӲ濴һۺе𣬷ֶԷƺȫûзֵ˵ĶһҧעΧΣĴѾ𣬷Ļֻܹ̭
濼ǵʮɱֲһˣǱΧ˶ҵڣĻЩμѡεɱֱϴǾ͸ܳɹһ¥ˣ˵
ҪսѸٵҵڣֱӵ¥ϣ˵Ȼתһȥ
Сģ
ͻȻһƿ͵һȭϷһӰ˺üſͣ£
û°ɣȻüͷ۲һܣƺܹǵټ
ͷ֮ǰͷ⣬ԷһʲôΧЩŨ̡
ʱһͻȻ֣Ȼתһ񵲳ȥǱȴһ˺ݺݵһȭ䱳ϡ
صˤ䵽һǽϣֻоȫɢˣǰӰԼ

ͻȻɫӳԡı˵СȲסһϵڵأδǰѾеĶнǰϣһʧԭأ
һԾӵϷϥأԴʹǵѪϵĵڵذϡ
û°ɣ
ЩĵʵĻԼ»ֱӱ̭
ģû£
ͻȻ̧ͷȻվ忿ǽڣر۾
㡭Щ⣬ͻȻĸ첲ԼֹԼƣǰ˫ֱַǾȻǰ
ԷȻܹ֪Լʲôλôֻ˵һ⣬ΧЩЧģǣǵģ
۾ıϣΧһȫԼ۾ıϻʧΧһ뵽˾ԵĺڰС
ˣˣ
ƺֻĺһȻʼĵԼĺ
ˣˣˡˡ
һĺƽ˵ƺֹͣΧеһȫʧ뵽˾ԵİС
ʼͷųһ־Щɢ˷ȻٴβٿЩϸȥ̽ΧһС
伸˲ͱľƿأЩǼ΢СĴһѸٵռ㣬ֱеЩͷ·ϸС۾Χһϸ΢ľ۴͵ԺС
һ̽ųþȥ֪Χ磬ȻоЩѣǻǿĳɹˡ
֪ۿ
һ˲䣬̡Χľһж𽥱ƶԼͻȻΧе𾪣סԣԼΪԾ뾫Ĳٿء
ľǰ׵ʧȥãеһж𼸺Կÿһ˵λá
ԼǰȻ֮⣬вϹһǰȷЩɱǿԼġ
ͻȻľһ󲨶ȻӦһԴתĳһȻͿһλ¥ڴǵɫӰ
Էϥڵ¥ϣྩ۾һţ߿ȴдʣϵ˵ʲô仰£ΧЩʮɱ̾ͻӦ
˲۾һ˿ΪЩ˻֪˵λãԭ˸ָ
̶϶Ǹϥڴĺһһʦ˿ҲԼһͨԼľ֪ȡÿһ˵λãȻٸɱָ֪ж
ƺӦԷͻȻ̧ͷߣҲ۾Լʱ򣬶ԷԵһ㶡
ԷԼͻȻһ̳һ˿ΣյĻȣ


ڶ п̭
Էʦ¶˿ĻͻȻһ㶣ȵȷԼĴʱѾ

۾ȻһȻһɾһѸٵĳŶԷʦȥ
ۣ
׵ģԷͻȻ³һѪһ̱һĽϡ
ڣ
ͻȻеͺһ˫һ˦߰ѹ⽣Ȼγɡ
Ӱ䣡
ৣ
˫һָѹ⽣һŶԷľʦȥڶԷֲʱ⽣ȻԷ壡
۾ͻȻһץסվԼǰ
һͣ㲻Ҫʲôʶһȭȥץסһֻ֣ȻŶԷһڴȥ
΢ͻȻҪʲôͻȻһһ鲻ԽĴСģ
߬ŶԷδɿһֻһ˦һѹ⽣ͻȻ˦£ֻоǰһâȻеȻѳɼ뻺صڵأһ졣
ҪҴȥڴ뽲˵
Ļ¶һ˿ϲȻ̸ܽһС
Ϊû˾ʦָΧЩԱҲͷӬȴΧһָƣ
߰ѹ⽣ľٿ£˫һ˲һη䣬ҪɱǷʤѾ˺ü˿ڣԾ˿ͷ
˫ûκεĳɣһ·ܣԽԽܵĹҲһЩûб̭ɱֻ֣ԷȻͷӬһΧײ˿ûͷ
ԡΧЩԱڷɿĳ߳ǱЩ˸ΧסĻԼ޳ȥĿܣ
ͻȻд󺰣ȫ֪ģ뱻̭ľ͸ܣ
һħһ˲ÿһ˵ĶߣȫԭأΪ˻
ץסСӣ찲ʦˣͻȻһЩһɧ
˲һͿΧûб̭ɱֻĳԼ˹ڲԶڴаʮɱְ֣ƾԼĸͻЩ˵ķһڡ
ɱֳԼ߻۶ܵڻʮ׵ľʱͻȻֹͣȻΧɱָĽŲ̾ͷԶԼԼԿڡ
ڣڣ
ͻȻ˴һȻ󲻹һеĳڷȥ˿һȿֺıȥ·һȻȽһ㡣
һȺڼڵʱΧصİʮɱͻȻ֣Ȼ˫սһ
ЩȵĿǰսȻ󻺻̧ͷһۺеһжƿУˣһСֶΣȻȺΪƴսΪԼ˿϶
˿˭ûз˵ֻһӦһ㣬˵߻ضӵһ
ͻȻŵһȻִӶԷѣЩεĵͷɫЩߺ죬ֻ˴˿ȫߣ˭Ҳ֪Է˿̵ı顣
ʵ˿ҲЩΣԼߣûΣһȻָָǰս档
ǸǱڵĻҳȥĻǾֻܱˣʮɱֲܹӦģ
Щ˼ĿһۣȻתƵһԵսȥ
Ǿȥɣó䣡
ͷ˷ٴȻ󴩹սһˣ弸ӣ˲ڴһǰڣһĨϲʶԿȥȴ̴סˡ
ˣ
æתŷȻ֪ʱסԼ˫ȣ˱вϵţ
һ˲Щԥ˽Ƽˮ꣬ԼԷߵѾ御ѵҪֻҪԼתھͿ̳һڽһ
ڿвϵţо֣ԼôŬЩĲƣѵԼҪ̭
뵽ͻȻһĨԼ̫ˣڽǰԼȻ˼ҸץסˣʶͻȻ̧ͷѾܵڴ𣬶Է˿Ѿ˲ԼҲԼڵӡ
еɻͻȻһ˿Цһֱӳһɣ˽Ƽˮ꣡ԼҲٴγˣ
뵽ͻȻһĨЩı۾
ڿɲ˯ʱ׼𣿡
ͻȻһĶ䣬ЩԾۣȴ֪ʱѾԼǰ
㡭
Щȣһ˿ɻ󡢾ϲжȻɱ֣ͬһŮӣ˿ΪȷʵЩжˡ
ȲҪ˵ȥ˵
ͻȻһ֣ڿзļѹ⽣ͻȻ֣ৼϵϡ
أȴѾɱסԷ˿ĿŶˡ
Լ֣ȻԶɱ֣ͻȻһѪħУһ¡
ŭƣ
ߣ
ΪΧıըľʱȴͻȻһץסȻһ˴ܽ˱ըγɵʧڴ


ڶ ֮
ͻȻ㣬ЩŵĿڵǽϴڵĴղŵʵ̫Σˣ
ڵĴ˼ֱһ¶ͷϵĺˮһ
̧ͷǰͻȻһͣ·༸һҲʵ̫һ㣬ֱһĿȻ
տĴΧĵذ½½Žʮˣÿһ˴˿ȫϥԭϢڴλãһλ򰲾һԵϣʮıĿ
𿴵ϵʱ鲻һ㶣ΪԷȻɱֹҷλ
Ƥû̧ԭ˯ƮƮĴ˵ĶС
½λǿѡϢԼڵѵ״̬ڻʣһӣһ֮䷿нΨһ
һ㶣ǲϳˣѡٴν˵ĽȻ֪ΪλǶһɫȻ˻һ࣬һ˱Ƚϰȫĵط¡
ȻϢǾ;콫ڵ״̬ӴỹҪһӲҪ򣡡˵ȻԼϥã׼ĵ˹
˲뵽˹̣죬ΧɱɨһĨǣǰ˵ϥ׼ˡ

һӵʱʮֵĶݣ𻺻۾ʱȴѾվ˵ȫԼϣվźۼһվԼԵʵʱ䵽ˣ
ţոյ˵
ͷһΧΣͻȻΧƺֶ˼ӦԼ˵ʱ˳ɹİ赲
ȫ߼еԼϣ߲Ż۾ǰĽʮɨͳĻÿһ˵Ķߡ
ҪϲǣΪ֮веλҪλʵˣͻȻЦ
һĹʮֵļ򵥣ͻȻһָͷϷ˳߿ȥͻȻĶ˾ȻɫľƣſеľͻȻһƺ뵽ʲô
λľ˰ɣǴ˴Ҫ˴Ҹһʱʱ䣬һʱ֮ľ˭У˭ͿӵеһԣλһҪˣ
ߵ˵ǰɨһۣȻȥˣǿԿʼˣ
ʮ˻һۣһʱ侹Ȼû׼֡ȫһĹעΧ˵Ķ̬
ȲҪжڵľƵĻֻΪһȺ˵Ĺ󣬾䣡һ
Ļո£һɱ̲סȳһǽȥ˫ǽϼȻͻȻϥǽһ䣬ٴε𣬳ſеľƷȥ
飡
ͻȻһ˦һ˩ס˶ԷĽףһڿпҪľƵǸɱָ
ҵģ
Ѿȶ֣Ҳܲסһɢսһ
飡
һذ׽еһľƸ£һ˿˷ܣǻδԾ𣬱ͻȻý̴һľơ
˿ľƣѡȥԷᣬ󲿷ֵ˻ڶſеļľƽᡣ
һ˲˻ԭһ˵һȺһ˲侹Ȼݶ๥
нʣľƣĵһͷʾԷ׼ʼᡣ
ۣۣ
֪˭ذȥһӽľȫ䣬һݣһգеľƾȻƮ
飡
ͻȻһɳȻһӽеһľưס˻ȥֻסһľơ
˫һ˦֮ǰǸľƵļһ﹥ȥԶԷҲ۸Լһһ˦ٴηɳֻ˿ĩ˾Ȼһذס
ৣৣ
򵥵£еϣͻȻվǰеľӵԷС
ľƸ㣬ãҪߣ
һȻһһԵսȦУ׼һ顣
еһľƣȻٿһѾ뵽սȦһʱ䲻֪˵Щʲô
зתѪħͬʱԷϵذ׷һײֻǶԷˣʮֵ𼸴ιûгɹ
Сģ
ۣ
˼ζԸԷʱͻȻһȣȵתʱſнվԼǰԷϵĽԭӦôԼġ
ۣ
Էһδ˿ˮеľƣһȵ棬弱ٳȥ
̡
Щ͵ĺ֣Ѫ̧ͷһȻ建̱ڵϡ


ڶ ŭȫ
·һȫֹֻͣ˵建ĵڵأ³һѪڵϣ
ļһѸٵļڵϵľƣȻ󼸸ʧԶ

ܹȥӵϻԷȻԷ˿̴ߣȻԸоʹ࣬Ϊ˫ˮ𽥱ûɢ
۾ذڶͶϣ۾գգЩſڡ
֪Լ̫ˣǡûĻҿܸ߲ҡҵļǴʿ壬ҡϣܹҵĹǻ͡͸ߡߴҡôҡʧˣ
ι˵ʲôɵûµģƲʲôһ㰡ι
ȻֹΪ۾ѾرˣƮƮĵڵϡ
ЩȵĵͷɨӣһѺɫĶֱӴ͸壬һźɫŧѪ
ж
ͻȻ˵̧ͷһԶľƵǸɱ֣ȻֽתƵһԵϣԷ˿ڵϣƺ߷ᣬʵϣ͸ղһʱ䣬Ѿ˺üʬˣ
ͷסؿڵǱУ͵İγһ̯ѪѪϵϣʹ˵ʮֵĹ죬·Ե
նУ𻺻վýܹ˵İɣΪ˾ҶһὫѶвԷ࣡
һֱ۾ͻȻ۾ƮƮɨһȻٴλϣ·ʲôҲδ
׻
䣡
һȭԭһƵͻȻеһΣϮȻʶĳһȥһըʱԭ
ǰըγɵỤ̃סУ˽żһ棬ͻȻ˫һڵȥ˲ܽС
ɽò׶ᵽһľƣû뵽ԼȻ̳˺ü˴򶷵ĶһӳˣЩƣӦ
ڴʱһըȫһӺɢɽʱеѹСлЩϲ˭˺ľȻԼա
ǻδȺɽЦ͸еһΣϮոתͱһȭУݺݵس˺ü
ڵϻȥһξ룬ɽЩղҪԼʶһԷһȭҪԼ
ŲȻһɫӰг֣һ۵
ɽɫ̱ղһȭֵģԷһʼҪԼ
ˣ
ɽһȻսһĿ
ľƣһȫʬ
һЩ˻Ƶ˻̧ͷ¶еѪߣëȻ
µߣɽʶһͣԷʵֲ̫˲Ҷӡ
ԭΪһΪһ仰ľ𣿡
ɽһδ䷴ӦһӰѾǰԷеĶкݺݵسԼؿڲȥ
ȫʶ̧ͷһеײһ𡣺ɽǱֱײ˳ȥײһԵǽϣδݣһ˦зȥŸոĺɽȥ

ɽͻȻطһֵȻȻһͣžͷԼ徹ȻȫܿˣŶԷ徹ȻҲʼܿƵŤ
𣿡оŬѹԼ塣
УɽЦһͻȻһеĶУһԾȥ
ͻȻ˫͵ס䣬˷ͻȻʧֹͣ͵۾Լĺɽ
ٺ٣ֶסҵҪΪУɽЦһеĶһ⣬ݺݵؿڡ

͵һ۾һɾ˲ԷԺɽ޷֮ͻȻռһģһˤڵء
Ӱ䣡
Ȼǲᣬ˫һչĹ⽣ɽ
飡飡
ĹʱٴκˣЩĿ¶һ˿Ц
ٺ٣弶Ԫʦ𣿹ȻܹߵĶأɽЦһȻеĶӵһϡ
ҪҵľƣʵɽͻȻһ˫ֳһӡ
ľ֮
ʱ׳ľ𣬷·һ޴ĸһȥ
ȻľԪо͵һеĶУһӴԪѸӿаѶ˲ӿһĨɫһðŻı
ৣৣৣ
һӰڿмӣȻƮƮ䵽ϣͻȻһѣɼʮƬȫڵϡ
ɽ۾һݣߣûأ
ΪΡ죡
䣡
ͻȻһ죬ʱĿȻһ˲佫Χ룬Ȼ󼸸һƽȫΧưΧһؽΧ档
ٺ٣Ҫԣ㻹ԶɽͻȻЦһĿΧһۡ
䣡
ͻȻһըȻЩľγɵһ޴ĿӶȻ֣δȺɽӦһӰͻȻӶ
ŭ


ڶ һ
ɽֻоһΣϮ̧ͷ㾪ķ˴ǰ͸ľ޵ûκγɵľָ񵲡
飡
ɽеĶһ˲ͱ޴ĵ飬˫ֳļס⵶˵ʱһأ
˫ֳļסѾ޴Ԫγɵľ޵첲ϵͻȻ˳ڿʼѣһһֱεȻһ˲ѪܱѣƬѪҺͻȻĽ

ɽ̲סʹͻȻ쳤Хܲסѹ˫Ⱥݺݵعڵأϴһѵ졣
ͻȻڿնһʮת͵һڶԷؿϡ
飡
ڲ˵Ĺע£ɽͻȻ°һ죬˶֪ղŵһŽԷعǳ׵ˡ
ɽڿлһ˦ˤڵϵѶͻȻȥȫԷؿڡ
屻УֱӽԷݺݵضǽϣûйͷһǽϡ
ɽ³һѪ˵Щʲôϧֻ³̲ĺɫѪԴĴ
źɽʧȥϵһƷһУɫƷصУǿɫľơ
һ˿ѪľƣЩ꣬Ϊһֵֵ
תȴķȻ˰ΧˣһЦĿźе
ľƽгһһһɱ˵ָƮƮָָǽϵĺɽ
𲻼ĽеľսռָȻƮƮɨһǰˣÿһ˵ĶС
Ҳǽڹʬ壡
һͣȻٿʱоͳɱ⣬ĿľƻѾȷˣǼȫǰ˼ԪʦҸʵǿԼЩ˸ǶԷĶ֣ԣʣȫϣŵʵϡ
ƺҲһ㣬ΪõľƵĸɱִ˿Ѿĸռһλ׼ʼˣΪ㹻û˸ơ
ԭǿҺ۸ˣ
ҡҡͷȻѡɱһУЩȻݶὫһ£ǲܹЩ˴̱µĻǽûûˡ
ǸС鷳أεҡҡͷ
һϣ
֪˭һȻͻȻڿһԾе˫ݺݵسԴȥͬʱҲһ
ӿռָȡһŻָԪĵҩѸٵУ˸ղŵսʩչ˼ιԪĵʮء
ˣԷ˫ͻȻƾնȻǽϣӸµĴ·ˡ
˫ͻȻһ棬ȻͻȻ£Ĺ⽣ͻȻȻٵĳĸ˴ȥ˫ֽѪħ˫غ巴תݺݵؽѪħ˳ȥ
飡
ѪħݺݵһɱֵײһԷͬʱ༸ƣӦĹ⽣
ԷͻȻһԵɱʹһɫȻͬʱȥһһ˵ĹһȴһȭϣǰһһɱֳûʩչȻס˫źݺһקˤڵء
飡
ݺݵشһţ˱߷˳ȥײһǽϣĻᶼûУϣеĵԥĳԴȥ
ûʱվ͵ԭһԷĹվʱֻоһȻ˱ϵ˦ڿлһصˤڵء
ͨɽȭ
䣡
ʶ̧첲޴ȭӡϣȻٴα˳ȥײһǽУ̱ڵϡ
ļػ֮оԺ죬ȻȫĹͷɢһ㡣
Ѿڵϲܹжļ˲ŻһۺٺٴЦ
˻һۣٴα˴˽ౣһľ룬ŶԷȻ󻺻س𿿹ȥ
ȿȡ
Ȼ˵ĽŲʶһͣЩĿ
ڵûϢͻȻ˶ȻվЩվȶ˵»λƵĳǰ˼Ѫħڵ϶סԼ壬վԭء
һ˺ۣǵѪ˳Щ߲ϵ˿ȫƾһս
΢΢Щ͵۾лسɱֵӰԺֻһǾսȥܷ
̧Ѫħ岻ϵĴڲϵĲƺʱҪ¡
סҪ
ͻȻ˺һȻսһϣļΪԷҪʱûľơ
ͻȻһȫȥ
Щģ˷ɿĳԼͻȻǶ˶ͻȻ¶һ˿ײĻȡ
߱

һȻһȫΧľƾճ֣˲佫ɱְΧӴĻ˲佫֡
ԭϢͻȻһ㶣˫Ȼһӣǰһ޴Ԫϣȫĸ⣬طҲĵӰڿ֧ŷ޴Ļ档
һﵽʩչʲô
ѾȫպڵѾΧսǽڣһĨ
ڿε˼ΣȻڳĻлʧΧĿռٴλָƽ
ļ˽Ͷ˸ղսĵطȴķһ̯ҽ֮տҲ
աճɻҽ𣿡
Щһ˵ȫתһǸ˫ֱһʬغ˵ϡһĨδйľ壡


ڶһʮ 
Ϧ£աϼɽԼߵŮγһĻ
Ŀڴǰǽϣ˫֧°ͣѩ·ĳˮ̾Ϣһһȥˡ
վһʳȹµʱ߱¶α¶ţֻϧ˿ȴ͡
̧ͷһԶϦѩ軺ؽĹϡ
߽䣬һԣִһëԱߵϴһ£Ȼšɣת¡
͵Ŀڴϵѩһ˲öʹˡġһĵʹ
ëĲĶͷ˿ȫ¼ȫ˺ۣһһѩеͻ᲻
󵽵ʲôսŻὫŪȻǵǰһҹԼѾ˯ˣһӰͻȻУδѩгǵɫӰȴͻȻ˵ϡ
õԷߵһɲǣѩ輸Լ۾֪ʲôȻ˻
̸ϴ˿ڣһѩ趼ü棬뵽˻˯
һ˯죬ֱδѣѩÿ춼ڵģԼȴʲôֻܹÿҹߣʲô⡣
ϣëһ࣬Ż˯еѩ̾Ϣһ
㵽׾ôսܹصƣΪʲôҪ˵ƴеʲôѹӲи
ѩĻڷУֻǴ˿ȴ˻ش

˿̵ʮֵ⣬ȫ˺ɢܣ߹Ƕѣ˺۸洦ɼֻеԼƺһõ磬һƬãã磬ֻԼһˡ
ս˴ѩһĶ䣬ñ䣬ԼεŬȡůǸеһĵı䣬䳹ࡣ
䡭䡭䣡
һֻδͻȻЩɳƵĺ岻ϵĲƺһµС
ſڴ˯ŵѩͻȻĺѣ͵һվЩĵĿ
䡭䡭䣡
ôˣ𡭡
ѩЩĴ֪嵽׷ʲô⡣
䡭Һ䣡
ݲϵĴ·˶òϵĴ
ѩЩɻĿһΧʮֵůͣҲӦŶԣô£
𡭡û°ɣȵȣ
ѩͻȻܳȥȻһӸԼķ佫Լı챧˹ȫϣһʵʵ
䡭䡭𡭡Ҫ𣡡
ĺͻȻ岻ϵĲѩһŮӸסһͷˤڵء
ڵһţһϺһһΣ˫ס첲ϵƺòˡ
û°ɡ
ѩһ˿ңһӹڵϣ˫ֱסıþȫӵΪ޼𲻶ϵһȫ̱ڴϡ
ѹڴϣѩֻеЩ̫˳ȫѹۡ
𡭡㡭ѹˣ
ѩЩŵĸ첲𷴶ӽرסѩ壬·ǳӤͻȻҵůԴȪһ㣬岻ϵѩĻдգԴѹѩǰ˫ֽرѩ壬·ҵůԴȪ
ԼȫסѩЩĲ֪룬ȫȻ̱ûһ˿ԵĸоĲлںĺ䣡
ѩɫ糺죬žߵѾŶԷϺŵж֮ѩͻȻһ˿þѹµ˫Ļһ£Ȼչȥ̽ŷıϣ˫ȫסһ˲䣬ѩֻоȫһĸоģЩܡ
ҵѩֻоọ̈̄ѩоȫ¶ȼٵ⻹һ˵ܽӴѩоԼ·ѾϵһԼƺܹܵԷһС
ŤתӣƵһԣ˫ȴȻرѩ壬оϴоѩЩߵĵͷһ𣬵˿Ѿ۾ؽ뵽˻˯üͷȴţƺĳܵʹࡣ
лһۣѩ̾ϢһȻѩŽһԵıĸϣ˫ı۾΢գ⼸һγ˯ߣ


ڶһʮһ 
·һΣξһж˵ңԶã綼ǺڰģԼΪ׷ѰϵıܣֱȫƣˤڵҲûκεȫ̱ڵϣ
ֻобһʮĶʶһ£ģ۵ģһҪĳ嶯
ʲô
ʶĻ۾ȴķԼĻоȻһˣĵͷԷʱæٴνر۾
ֱ·ҪԼ壬˿вӿԺһƬҡ
ô£ô֮ǰ׷ʲô
۾ŬԼƽԺŬ˼֮ǰ׷ʲô
ֻǵԼΪ˵õһȻƴɱſᣬȻǿĻԼҲ˺ۣ
֮Լôصô˴ϣȻô״ȫȻǵˣ
۾Щ͵͵һѩ裬ֶԷȻ۾ʱųһ
һѹԼ֣¶һ˿ɬ֪ʲôʱԼ־Ȼ͵͵شѩĵ˽ȥһס˶Էǰıѩ˿̵һֻ첲Լĸ첲
Ǹ
Щյ̾Ϣһڣɿеİ̽ŽƴӶԷĻгϧѩֱۻԼĸ첲ԼһƱػᾪѩ衣
ЩżԼĻ»ֱӾѩ裬Ļ˿ɾˣԼԷ𻰣
뵽ͺ޲Ҹضȥ
ĽһֳֻȻ̽ȥѩ軷Լֱ۵ĸ첲ÿ
ǵֻδѩʱѩͻȻˣתȻ󱳳忿˴أֱҲĸ첲ߡ
һϲؽִӶԷóͻȻһ㶣ֱٴһѩظϣŸ첲ϴһоղѩźݺݵһ
ֱ۳Ѫˣ
ЩεСôñͬһƣڼֱϵƣĸ첲ȻѪˣһٴԷزĶˣ
ȻǰѩûжԿԷĲѾͷһˣ
иӿɬæҧԼֱ۴ӶԷгȻԭʵʵĲκεж
ٶʱ뵽һƬֻ˿ѹƵĺѩı󣬳˿ԿԷ֮⣬ԿѩΪ塣
ۣԼȥЩӰ˵飬˿һҡ
⵽ʲô鰡
ͻȻһѩ趯ˣæװʮȻڴϣװԼ˯ӡ
ѩ軺شӴվһȹ壬Ȼ̧ͷһڴı۾װ˯
ͷһԼǰһŪЩ·һ˿ɬ뵽ԼȴͻȻֲ֪ôԼڻץסԼʱѩһͨ죬ֱ
˿ǰһװ˯ӣѩֺֺЦڻ˯֮ڻ˹еһʯͷ˵ء
𴲱һĴ죬ĸϣȻʮϸĵΪǣһ֮ѩת߳˷䣬߳ʱ򣬡˯˶Էһ̾
ȵԷ뿪һӺŻ۾ȥĴߣǼ⻹ܹŵѩеζоȻһ˿ʧ䡣
ղѩʱ̾ͻȻ¶һ˿εĿЦ
Сˣ

ʿ
һٻӰһҵ̣ʱԭڴͻȻֹͣ˽ȫˢˢĽ߼еǰٻӰϡ
ͷ·Ǻڰеһ⣬ߵĸط˺еľ㣡
ǳɫıɴȹһͷ˿ɢʣһɫ˿ƽһɫ̲סҪĸʹףϸӯӯһյϣһɫ˿ס̣һһ˿Ὣ˵еĸӵ
ݣƣǴһ˿޵СɻȣСɵ촽ողժĻ¶ӣһ㣬˿һ۾ҲƲߡ
建ߵĹ̨ûΧ˿ԼĴͣŮаװ֣¶һźϴһ·С̯洦ɼħΣڶԷȴȻԵҫۡ
Щ͵ϰһЦɲǼ绪ɫ˫Ȼɣ
ϰ壬Ҫһͷס꣡
áã
ϰ巴Ӧ˰ŴӾзӦæЩεæҵİԷһ
ȵŮԿʧ¥ݵһ࣬˵Ȼ¥ݵĩβԺǻȥǶԷǵٻӰ
á
֪˭ͻȻ˵һ䣬˴˵
ȻղĻôһϳղŵŮ˭ǸһĵŮǸǣӵŮ
Ụ̊


ڶһʮ 
ƧС·ӭӰǰУŮͤͤˣߵﶼȺеĽ㣬Ȼ仹Ǻܴ󣬵ǴΧÿ˾ʵ־ͻڶԷעþͿԿŮ֮󽫻εĻ
ŮȻҫۣȴĽԵߣ˽ᴹ˫İȹһǣƺ˼ʲô顣
һͦʹ·ͦأһŵĺҵĻ걳һڵȻȫòǴһ¶ŹâĵԿǴ˵ʣǺεȵľҫۡ
Ȼѩ裬Դϴεѡιȥ˽һ£ʵ̫أһҲֻܹڶʵʵˣһµʱ䣬ĵҩĸϵƲǿָ߰˰ˡ
ɽʱѾһ£ʱ佫Լѵ״̬ڴ֮ǰһҪҪȥ
ѩ裬𣿡
ԴϴԼȴѩͬһŴ֮˵ĹϵͱЩ΢ڸⷽ棬ʵڲ֪δټϣδй飬ԣЩ̫εĴŮӵĹϵ
ѩʱ˵٣żԼʱ򻹻ᷢ㶵񣬲֪СѾͷЩʲô顣
ۣ
ѩû뵽ͻȻԼ˵ֻŵͷ·ԴһײǰؿϣЩµʶ˼æͷ˵
ӿռָóһˮݸԷŵȵˮɣôҲÿˣ
Ŷлл
ѩӹˮšĺڣȻֵݻ𣬰վߴŲԶһЩƫƧСӡ
Ĵ𣿡
Ѿ췢ȫѩ裬ңԸҲˣѩ赽ǶŮɱЩе
ţĽӦôˣ
̧ͷһ⴦ȫڸеС䣬Щп벻ڵһ󿤴ʿĵطȻƧԶĴӡ
ӼȫıïʢľڸǣֻԼԼݶ¶⣬ҪǴӸƮĴ̣ܹ⴦䡣
ֱӹȥɣǾֱӸʿ
ѩЦЦȻǰĴȥѩǹɵĸڶԷ
ոڣŷȷʵһʮСĴӣԼҲͼʮˣҷݻ϶ǵͰéݷԿЩȫԻҪԼ廹ҪһЩ
ߵͻȻüͷһ壬ӿгһ˿УǾٿصһӦá

ͻȻӰһԵéݶд˳һƨˤڵϣЩ˼Ŀ𣬺ǿ˹һĿֲ
㡭ǹ
һСһﾪʧĺȴضŸղԼӵǿʯͷ˿ʯͷһĶڿУ׵ľ롣
͵ϮԼľȻǼСļ֣̌еʯӻصС
аʯͷϸĴǰ⼸ӣǾǰĺͯÿһĴȫʮֵļӣ鲼滹вٵĲеֱӾ¶źüȱڣҲģȫ
Сһǲ壿ЦŴһк
㡭ˣһСһ￴ȻԼЦеľ˲١
ҵȻˣѵĹ𣿡Щתһԣѩ͵Ц
ԣǲǹ˵ֻܹϳ֣һСһͻȻ༸λСѺ
ȻǲǹǾһħɽˣҲǻˣһСһͻȻ𺰵˻һתܣƺʲôֲһ
ЩεĿǰһɢļСһεתһѩ裬Ǽ⡣
Ҿôһ𣿡
ѩһЦ⻹ʱѩһ¶˲õЦݡ
ε̯̯֣߰ɣǽȥ
һ·ϣִ˼Լʮֺһе̻رܣеתܣԼħһ
ѩһۣһ˶ΣƺЩ֡
ү𣿡һλԵ仹żֻɽʵ
ԷЩɻĴһ۶ˣǡ
ѧˣæүǴԶģѣ
ߺԵ۾һЩϲʵѣ


ڶһʮ ħɽ
ͻȻתһ֣٣ҶɣħɽˣԷѣ
ߵĻ£Χڣ˺Ĵų߿ǰʮָȤ
ѣѣ
еȫ½½ĳ巿߳Щ̫š
𣿡һŷۺɫȹӵСŮվǰЩĴ
ǺǣȻҺǺѣЦЦԺȴɱ֮еΣǰĻȻԺл֮ȥ
̫ˣѣħˣ磬أ𣿲ûڴŶ
СѾͷƺʮֿģ˫ֱ󣬰СԴһЦĴһЦǾͻ¶Сѡ
ĴҪòϵһˣȥϢһ°ɣ֮ǰλ˵ͷСŮЦЦЩȰСѾͷԴ
λȻѣǾĿˣĴ峤ǲĻȵҼһɣ
ѩһۣȻЦЦһˣ
һ˵ļУ˵Ǽʶ˴˴ӵһ棬ԷдЩ̫Ӧ
Ǻǣλؾ񣬾ͰﵱԼļҾͺãɣĴ峤λ㿷֮ޣǽ̾ͺã
æվСλҵѩ裬Ƕĺѣ
Ǻǣ¿£͵ԼļУҪ˿һڵˮæ𰴻صϣΪ˵ϲˮ
ǺǣλİɣѾͷʱ䶼
ѾͷȥüˣһֱҲûл뿪ӵʱʱǽ˵ʲôҪȥѰͻƵķ֮ͲھħЩˣ˭룬һȥȻǺü£
үүǸҾǽħͣ⵽ʲôЩɻʵ

ħͻȻ̾һڷеҲųĬˣ·˵һʮֲֿĻһ
ѩһۣӶԷпһĨɻԷÿһ嶼΢Ĳƺ뵽ʲô֮ȥجһ
ޡүү
ʱĳĬ֮̽һ̧ͷһȻųĺһ
ֵܣħָһɽţھ岻ԶɭУԼڰң˵ǵųһʵǿߣħɽͳΧд䣬ÿͻǮòǮˣɱ޶ΧļӸ亦ЩԻĴǸŭԡ
ħɽ˶ûһǮǴӽ꿪ʼǾȻûһһΣյ˰һαһθߣЩԴΪԻʹղôǮȻǾͻɱеŮߣץȥ׳Ҳ˼ӵĲһȥַԷһȥһʮˣûһܹŻ
飿ѩЩȵĳʵﲻǴʿΪû˹أ
ѩʻڳļɫøӿɬ
ȻǴʿأǵλʵ̫ƫƧˣƽʱ˹ˣңôʿЩȨ֪ҲæģΪǵУЩ˶ϣȲݽ滹ҪˣЩԳҡҡͷ
ңԷԸǣҲܴ۵ĹӶûйӶû˻ƧĵطģһԵһҲ̾Ϣһ
ҺصʱһδͻȻЦſڣڽʱԿҸ
ԣҲ̸͵ԭɫһɨ⣬תһҸԺ
ѾͷǴ߳ĵһλߣңѾͷҲԸԿ࣬Ȼʵħɽ˵Ķ֣ǶԷƺҲЩɵǴӵ˰⼸һֱΧ͵ģǰߴҪȥѰͻƵķʽȵʱ򣬾ͿԲЩħɽˣңԺҲЩѪ˰ˣ
߽ʱԺԿÿһ˵ռʮҪĵλ
ˣֵܣǺ֪ʲôʱʶģУʲô𣿡ʲôͻȻʵ
ѩһۣͻȻ֪οڸпʵ


ڶһʮ ˵ɱ1
עǰϷŵɫ̴ľУȫ㶵Ĳ֪룬û˽ԺȫղŽĻ
֡Сֵܣ㡭ڿЦĶ԰ɣɣЩŵʵԼûз֣ѾЩš
ҲЩأ֪Щ˽ͣԸоĵĿеҪԡ
λҲòǣģʱֳΪ˾ҲűɱģЩص˵
Ҳţôܻƭˣ峤һѣһǸƭӣ˰ϳȥɣ
һЩŭĴŭ
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裬羹Ȼ˵ˣǻˣ裬ϳȥ֮ǰǸŷۺɫȹСŮԼĸ׵ȹǣкˮ˫ͨ졣
ĴԣԼȥ棡Ǵ֮ҪĴĸ״ϵݸСŮһƻȻ߳˷䡣
еÿһ˿Լɵ̾ϢһַԼռָ٣طϡ
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үһ㶣ȻԵļɽ˶һۣӶԷпһĨ˼顣

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е˼Сӣ㻹֪˭ǡ
Ҳ˭ҪҵǸȻ϶ԷĻûȤԷŰ衣
үϵЦһȥΧɽҲѾսֻҪүһ£̻ȥԷ˺Ƭ
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үĻδ꣬еԵһӣһͷ­գ


ڶһʮ ˵ɱ2
ŵϺ˵ʬ壬ԼԶǿŸոֹͣͷ­дδӸղŵоѹ
ֻһȭסڷɱȻħɽ˵Ķңʵڴ󵱼ҵүȻһȭɣδǷӦϵͷ­ѾڸղǷһ˲䵽׷ʲô顣
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ذڰ֣ЦЦүүħɽ˵Ĵ󵱼˽٣
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ͷתһԵѩЦЦѩŰɣҺܿͻ
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ӰʧԶѩϲ¶һ˿޵ĵǣ


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ʿʮľ룬ΪﴦʿΪƫԶıԵشΧִï֣ܵƽʱӶԻ˾
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׵ģǰǽͻȻȻըԭõǽ˲ΪӷۣӦĻᶼûУ˲䱻ǰľ޴

һ޴죬һ޴Ļ֣ȻӴڹ㳡ϿƮ˼Ȧ޴˲ÿһɽ˵ķȫ嵹˵ϣȻӳһŰɫĹţ˲伯еһ𣬻ڿУһơ
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Ѫɵı׶һѽᴩĲֱ׶һƲɿȻ̱ڵء


ڶһʮ һصĵ
𲻿Ĺ㳡ǽʯ˵ʬԼΧȼյĶϱڲԫһжŸղﵽ׷̶ֳȵս
֪˯˶ã𻺻۾ΧɫѾ谵ˡ
벻춼ѾˣԼĻ˯˲̵ʱأЩ뵽ۼһƣǿɬ
ԭδȫָƣһԼøӵ˺ۣϵľ˼ʹһ᧿Σżƺʱ֧顣
ԼҸʱúõĵһԼأǼȥԼûκε洦Ժ»ԼС
ͻþõʱ䣬ƴȫе
ŬϥãֽѪħռָȡŵһࡣ
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ЦһȷʵЩçײˣԼЩڵˣԺ󻹵üǿԼʵ
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һ󶶶ֻܹε̾һǵһ顣
ͻȻЦˣҲͲһֻвϵľս鵽ָоܹϽ׵ϡ
Ҿһ£ҪȵϢһӣĻվվˣ
İɣղѾˣɽϽʣļɽ˶ѾɽˣĻȫˣӣ㻹
ûԷĻִӿռָͳһĴָСĵҩһö˵ҩڻĮʱ͸Լģʱʱ͸ЩϡŹֵĵҩĻ²˿ٵĻָ
ҩͶУѸٵı۾뵽״̬һԵĵɨΧĻ
ղŻľһأĴΧصĹ㳡ͻȻǼᣬЩɻĿĳһ
ףǡ
ͻȻʲôһ㣬ǸһĨЦ⡣
ССɽѻһöأ
һеʱĳԭֻǴʱһƣڽʱʹ߱յЩԪպͻȻоı仯
⡭Ҫ׵ǰף
оϲû뵽Ȼĺ£ԪڼʱսľôȻһԾ˽׵ϡ
ȻϣȻٴʰ׼һԾͻƵ弶ԪʦһεͻƼˮɣʹˣȻ˽ĸʱʱס
ȵ۾ʱѾ׵ĺķǲգ۾ɽɽķߣ־ͿԴ
𻺻վһܣ˿㳡ʬ嶼ѾʧǱʰˣ˿һһԿҲ֪һһֻҰãζֱʳָ󶯡
ߵԷǰ£˺һֻȴڵĳսҲȷʵǶˡ
ţ㣡벻㾹Ȼ˺õĳգ߳Ա߶һԵĴָ
ٺ٣Ҳ˭СòֽˣĽٶѾʮֵ˲ˣںнһΣҲָտɴ顣
һεɽἸƼе꣬ڵʵҪȡ»ʮֵѣûͣʵʵ
ٺ٣СӲδͣЦŵͷͻȻָһԵһðɫŶ˵ղų˵ĿյĹ˹ɽѣ벻Ȼҵһö
һ㶣ǰĲԲƺһһĶ
򿪿ͻȻЦ
ЩɻĳͻȻͿǰĶȻһȭͷСĵȫĳֳɫڵԼλûһȦ޵ĽɫȦʮֵҫۡ
⡭ⲻһͨĵ𣿡Щʧ˵ѵҲˣҪҰζ
סҪ˵ĳ嶯ɸֵѵⶫɲǼ򵥵һô򵥣֪ʲôұ֤Իϲ


ڶٶʮ 
ǰξ޴Щֵĵʵ벻ⶫʲôֵӵġ
ٺ٣ӾץͷƤҲܲ³⵽ʲôˣ
һЦĿץϹӣƺʮҪǿҲгԱʱ
½ܴܴ󣬴ǰֱϣ΢ĵطֱͷ·ǲ׺һڣ΢Ȼڵʵĺܿ죬츳ҲܲҪŴ½ʵ츳ŶţëʤԣҪסʲô߶ȣܻб츳ߵվͷ㣡ΨһҪľҧŹǣһĳֱˣֱЦ񷣬Ӳ
Ҿٸռһ֪ʶƬ·ϲֻĴڣ嫴ĺ࣬ĵ޻࣬ԼЩ֪ħ࣬Щ๲ͬϣһͷҸĶֳɱ¾ڰ硣
ͬӵйͬһۣ֪¼еħҲӵйͬ࣬ǵЩңԶеļҪȻҪԶŵеޣ
ޣ
һ㶣ⲻǽ봫˵֮ѵЩĴڣ
ҡҡͷҪţҲҪţ½һеĴ˵иݵģҲܻ˵磬֮ǰĴ𣿡
һ㶣ȷʵ֮ǰ򲻿ϾȻֵĴڵġ
ЩȷʵĴڵģֻźµţЩһʧ޾ʱĮУһԶʧǵҰڡԶŵǣǸһݳֵĶǾǡף
ףһ㶣ЩɻʵһڽϹ޵İ𣿡
ͷ߱׹˼ǽ¼ֵģϸĽسʼڵϹޣòСصƢϸĽÿһ޵ϢɵϢͼͱȱ֮Ϊף
ŴаսľҷޱߵĴ޾׻ȸޣ֮棬ڴ֮»һЩϡŹֵޣЩռףǾڿഫ룬ˡȡ
ȻΪ֪ĻϿԷΪࣺ顢ףָ׻ȸ䣻ָǣ롢ˡָǣ磬桢軡ѣȻ顢֮⻹һЩϡŹֵޣЩ̫أ̫ϡжϲΪ֪
һĨʣЩϣʵô˵ӦѪɣ
ͷͷķǣƺѾ͸嫵ǿֱϹģԶȣ
û׵ļҵڵȷ΢ѪǼʹˣȻλף׵ˣе޶Խ뵽׵ģ
¼ѪѪ˵ȸѪѪԴƣܹ뵽ϵ޻϶ǧ˿Ƶϵǵֻϡٻǿܹϣ
ͷ˼ͻȻתƵ˵ϵǸЩϡĵ棬֮ǰǾ仰۾ͻȻһ
㡭òҪҡ⡭Ҳĳһ޵ĺɣ
ͻȻһĨЦݣȻȷǻӦò´ΪҷⶫʱڳĻ¯ҵģʹȵĻ¯УŵȻʢ˵㲻һ
۾һ㶣ѾŵĻȻЩɽǴӺεصõеɽ˶ѾˣôҲͳԼġ
һϵĵĻϲ˭˫ָոǾ˻
ộһű̺˫֡
ղ˵ʵڻ¯зֵⶫһһﵽûԼ
Щ˼Ǽ⣬һУϵĵͻȻȻ󻺻Ʈǰ˽ĴŵҲһЩ֮ͬ
ʹǿ棬Ȼܹ͸ǿĶʹǾһ˿Ȼƾ辫оŵʢ𻹷֣Խǿʱ˶ƺԽǿʢ·ⶫҪʱƿǶһ㣡
⡭СһҪƿǶˣ۾һ㶣Щ˼˵
ûҲоˣСȷЩȲˣ
ͻȻüͷһϲܹⶫʲô𣿡
˭ϣһȴҡҡͷܣͬΪֻܹоڵһ˿΢Ѫȴܹһ֣ʢˣ
ЩεҡҡͷֻܹȴСһԼƿǶˣ
ˣмӦúܸȤ
һƵǰЦ˵
ʲô
ЩĴǰľУ


ڶٶʮһ 
ǿ£͵ɫط·һıɴ簲˳˯
һϥ۾΢գΧֻгԶż޺𣬳֮⣬Щ졣
ոս뵽弶Ԫʦ乮̣ѾԤϣһ;սᣬҲ֪һ㣬ԲۺʱεأδԼҪ
Ժдŵٿأ˿̣˵ȫԪȫԼ蹬ΪĵĻôԺǾĺ
޺嫰ããһƬһɵĿռ䣬вƯŻããӣռλãһС͵ĳɵĿռʱֵۡ
絤ĸеԪۼأ˴⴦С͵ĳԺľۼء
Ժ⴦ռСͳĿǰܹٿصеľΧ⴦ռĴĻɵһ߱ľӣÿһ߱ģԪһԺϰáԣʦԵ˵ĸ߹󣬶߽׵ľʦǸ߸ϣ˵硣
˿̣ľ̽ŽԺЩɵľΪõľһḶ́һһϦ
оԺдʹֻ֪ܹ˽ˣĻԼǿмֻܹ޴ͷŪûʹȥ
ӣδֹͣǽԺеһľ˳ʼ
ķʽѾģΪѾ֪ڼγȥˣʼûκεĽչ
Դѧˡһ֮߱ûзԵڶ׷󣬿ϧôεĳԣȫʧˡ
ȫľյڶ·ϵȥѭһδεȥԣȻÿһȫʧˣȴδ
һɹɵľĳԲϵڳײһδεĳײһδεĳԣĳһ̣ͻȻһ˿оʱ򣬿ʼĵȫաҪѭ
ĳһ̣ͻȻ۾޻ڵһȭӳ
䣡
޴ǵأһ׹ͻȻ˲й㳡һԵĽ˲䣬ԭõĽΪ˻ҽ
̧ͷһԼղһɵĴըһͣһε
ջʧ˰
Щźҡҡͷ̧첲һ¶ͷĺˮ
ȻһεıըСǲδﵽҪ󣬶֪ġڶˣӦһֱȵһʽҪֲʽ
һ߲öͷϵĺˮһ˼ʱ۽һƳĿһԶ
ͻȻһͣȻ󻺻תղŷǿصĵĵذ壬˿ǿŵѾˣֻʣصĵмһԵһֻвֵԼʣµĿ⡣
ʹ۾ȷⲢΡ
īԼаƴСż๺ͷצֺ۾ڣһʯһͫƺĴڣǶԷȴδߣЩĴԼոշĵһࡣ
򡭡
ЩСĵĺһԵѪħһ죬֡
ô
Ļﻹδ꣬ͿһԵСһͻȻ¶һ˿ϲ⡣
ˣ
Щϲĵͷôоһֻͨ㲻ǿ˰ɣ
ǰСһ߻ת˼ȦȤĹ۲һȻ̧ͷЦŶ˵Ǹ˲õı񵽱ˣ
һƣ㻹Ⱥ˵ʲôɣôôоһֻͨѻ
ûļһЩмƳһۣ̬ʮֲˬСбǰҲܹ̾͸Ūˣ
ֻûв´ĻӦϷİ

ЩɻüͷԼȷʵû˵صĴ˵Щ˼ͷȻһϣĿ
ԼĲ಻һ㣬߳һɱ֮⣬൱ڴһʯ
һûг𣬶ǸԼĽ͡
ǷһİλǵȷˣԼȸӦȸѪԣһҲʮֿǰģ
ңһﳤοԱʮ־޴󣬷ʱķ磬Ҳʮֺˣ
۾һģ벻СһﳤȻ
˿̣СһպóʣµĿ⣬תź۾ЩĴΧˣЦЦһӿռָóһɵ⣬ƽʱϵʳ
ӣŵԼĽ£ͻȻ̧ͷСһ¶һ˿Ц⡣
Сһ￴ڵϵʱԵ۾һ̧ͷЩɻĿһȻЩ̫ȵĲ৵һǰ
۾һáÿٶȣ


ڶٶʮ С
СһﾹȻܵԼǰ¶һ˿õЦݣСһƺҲʮֵкøУϵŵϵ⻹ʱʱ̧ͷһ
СһʮкøأЦ˵Ǹͷ޻ϲҪֻҪĳɳУҵǳɳһĽ׶֮ǾͻԶĻü䴫УҲ˵ֻҪܹСһչ˺˵պɳ˲ĻҲ˵
ţ
¶ϲɫͻȻ˫ץסԷԼЩĴš
˽ĴţڶԷ峺пԼӰ죬СһƺûκεĿ־壬׽֮ɫƺƿǶһۿľԵʡ
СһԼشӣͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ˣͻȻʲôһͻȻСһճĺӦöأûְɣšøʲôֺأ
Ϊüͷһ˼ĴСһҲֹͣ˶Բ۾
ȫĽСΣòãһֻ֣
ͷһСȫĳڸԷ˼ֵȤУٲȻѾһڷ۵
Ǹҽ𡭡ҪͽСΣͻȻ۾һЩ˷ܵĺ
С𣡹ͽСɣԺǾǺֵˣ
ͻȻԴյԷǰһȤĿĵСһһתЩصЦԺСΣҽСԺǾˣһŬһƴһðգô
СƺܹĻһͻȻգգ۾ȻͷģƺͬԼ֡
ͻȻеС徹Ȼע¿ʼ𽥵ĳ󣬾һһʼ𽥵ͣ˲ͳһ˵ԴС
ͻȻ۾ȻɴЩ˼飬⡭⡭
СʲôϡģٶȻķ಻ͬˣոճһʼĳɳʮѸ٣ȵһĳ̶֮ŻῪʼָѪйϵ
ͷеľһɫٺ٣ˣҲûȥˣ֮ǽ׼ⶫһ󿤡ʿˣ
ͻȻͦأ̧ͷעԶճ̫ո¶ԴΧһߺ󣬴ض·һ˲䱻˷ɫĲϼʮƯ
ʱƼɽᣬΪǽеļ֣һұҪһҲǻʹ廹ţ˭ңҾ˭
ϵСͻȻһչᣬ˼¾ȻȻ䵽ļͷ̧СԴһݺ䡣
ౣ
תһۼϵС¶һ˿ЦݣСҲͬҵĻԲԣӽ쿪ʼ빲ͬʹòãûиĸǼķȻǣǾһΣ
ౡ
һɽһֱ͸ɭִԶԶ

СĴڴںͼСˣͻȻԶԶͻȻһĨϲ⣬СӳȥСǷɿȥˡ
硭磡
ĴͻȻЦŶȻһѽ䱧Цһ¶ԷıǼ⡣
СѾͷû簡
ĴﵱȻˣĴﻹѩ㽲Ĺأѩ˵һĴӢۣ
ЦɲʲôӢۣһܣ
Ǵܣ磬ҽѵЩ󻵵𣿡
ЦٴԷıǼ⣬ٺ٣ҲȻǵСŮĴԸģôܹأ
ĴʱĴѾææĸ˳ѩҲĴ峤Ⱥм˳
ѩЩŵĿһɨһۣȻֶܹ˼˺ۣǿƺ޴󰭣ѩĵĵһ
һѩ趼û˯ţȥһֱڵڵ۽ǻһȦȦֻûױϸĵ˹ȥ𿴵ġ
ֵܡ
Ĵ峤ɣЩ֪οڣеĴҲȫһϣĿȻ֪ȥʲôȻ˿̰ȫķأѵ˵뵽˾͸еһ٣
ЦŽСĴŵϣȻһӣǰĵϳһѵĶһСɽһĶѻһľȻȫǽҡ
ΧĴֻоһ٣ǰ϶ѻһСɽĽңҶεĸо
⡭öǮ૵һҲͻңʲôʱ˶ĽԼǰ
ЦЦλԺҲûħɽˣԺĵͺã
дһ㶣Ȼ仰е˼һۣͻȻһе˴󺰴Уеϲ౧һĿ
ħɽѹʱ̫ˣû뵽Ȼػɵһ졣
һЩ֪һĵľħɽϰ˵ĹģǵĴ󵱼Ҹһǿߣǰλ꾹Ȼ˵ԺҲûħɽˣѵ˵һ˽еħɽȫɱˣ뵽˶еһ󷢸ɣЩλõĸо
λ굽ʲôݣ˵һĨɻ
ѵøҵĶ𣿡峤ͻȻ۽ʪݺᡣ
ɽ˴ӸĽңĿҲ֪峤ͳһȻ仹ҰɣЦָָϵһѽҡ
峤æ˫ϥſڵϣ˵ֵܣĶˣĴԱȫ˸л㣡
ĴҲͻȻˢˢĹڵأһмĶͷȻ֮ǰйɣ˿ǵжֻом
æǰϴ峤һλ˸Լ¹ʵЩܲ𣬽ַ˺ôֽȫȰ
磬ԺҲҪһһӢۣҾͿԱ˲ܻ۸ˣСĴͻȻԴ˵ǳݣУٲȻׯӢۣ
ЦԷԴСĴҪˣһĵ
һԵѩ貢δ˵ֻǰվڽпǾԵǣǴеӢۣԼֻҪһ԰Ŀ͹ˣ
ͻȻתȻߵѩǰЩ˼¶һ˿Ц⡣
˼㵣ˣ
ѩһ㶣˲ɫͨ죬ЩҵС˵˭˭ˣûУ
˵֮æתȥֱ𿴲ĽǶѩͻȻ¶һ˿ЦݣɲǼ䣬


ڶٶʮ ִʿ
ʿ
Ϊĵһ󿤣ʿ˿ڻǾʵԼǿ϶ȵռžԵơ
ʿΪǺڳǣܹסǵľһ㶼ԭס񣬶ҪǾסЩҪķһۡ
ڴʿڳǣֽлʳǣΪǴʿĻסĵطܹסʳǵ˼ǷǸҪôһЩߣ֮һȼϵĻʳǣһжǻȨϣ֮⣬ҪûʵˣϾȭͷӲ
ӴǻڲȨƼڳǣһжһӴͳߣͷ·һȻһվߵ㸩·ϲ
ʸ壡
һͳߴʿľ޴壬ƾʸʷֹһǿߣע˻ʸĵλһֱҫ
ʳڲһ̻Ի͵Ľڣһڴǹվܹ⼸˵ĻһؾȵŴͣΪɱʱ
ʸ־
쵰ɽԽԽˣǾȻҸˣĸȫԲμεɽᣬϴǻװɱ֣˵ע⣬ܵԻʳǽԶĶȥɱֹμѡΣʲô
˻ֽϵģԼĴƱȫˤڵϣŭָǰˣǸʲô
ǵûиһʧһˣҿֻɱ˻ʵǸӳǲ̫ʴˣ

̵ϥڵأʽϴйֵġ졢롢λɱ֡
һһкãһŭ޴йֻýǰƷй
ܣԶ󺰴УΪһӣʧʸϵø֪ˣСĹĽգ
ͻȻһһλ۵Ůӻ룬ֹ壬߰һһ͸¶һɾǧ֮䵭ȴŻʸҵĸ߹Ѫͳ
֮ϲŸһĨЦݣæǰЩȵĺţ㣬ôпˣ
Ůѵõ¶һ˿΢ЦֻԼ˵ʱŻչֳЦݡ
˵ԼίˣΪȻҪģ
һϲ֪ˣÿֻ֪ƽʱһƵҪ
ѽҲרĺúõһˣȻĻ´λᱻѵ⣬ֲǲ֪ľǱ͵
Щ˼ͷ㣬˽ˣĻУͲסӣУһﾹȻҽˣԭָܹŪһĸһɽȥأ
Ůüͷһ壬ͻȻ˵ɽɲ棡ҪסһƼĴᣬһ㲻嶪棬ʱ׹Ҳ㣡
ЩڨЦҡҡͷ㣬ⲻҲҪ뺮ؽһ£뱻ͼλ̫Զ𣿡
ŮɫԻԵҪҽҵø㣬ȻȥμǸѡΰɣӦÿԶһ
ŮӵĻɫһϲת
˰ɣֲǲ˽⸸ʣǰѼߣҵԼǼȨֱӽ뵽أҲֻԲμӽǸǾԲѡֲμѡģΪƱػһЩ˱ۣ
ŮҲεĵ˵ͷͬ˶ԷĻǵĸʵȷһˣϣһУ
ȻˣҪúõļŬˣеĲѡӱȻһ뺮أŮЦĶԷļȻ֪ʮֵã

ʿǵĽֵϣӰڿĴϣ˾ûмһ￴ģΧһȫ˺档
áôĳУ
ѩ鲻Խ̾
ʮͬĵͷԭΪǾѾ㹻ˣҲŷִشˣڴʿǰǾһ໴Ӥ⿴ֵߣĿ뼸ҪǼ䳡Ҫ޴ˣ
ѩĴΧˣöϡŹֵĶңö˰
ЦЦȻˣǶһ󿤰˶ǱȻģ
ǽҪȥ
ѩΪģ˴ĳУѩ費Щ֪롣
ҲЩ̾˿һΧĳˮ
ҸطסȻҪһɱֹ˽һЩɽûмˣҪ֪һЩҪϢˣ߰ɣ
ѩͷȻϣһɫӰӲϵżᷢһ䣬ʽոС


ڶٶʮ 񹤻
񹤻ǴʿǵɱֹܻĵַΪشʿˣɱֹᾫڡ
طɱֹ᲻ͬɱֹȫı¶ڵ潨֮ϣö֮ĳ˵Ұ֮УɼɱֹܲĻжôǿ󣬼ʹǴʿòӡ
񹤻Ϊ㣬ÿһ㶼ãһֲ㣬ɱѾɺȡ֮Ŀˡ
ڶܹڼعĶԼı߽׵ĵҩ鱦ԼϡŹֵĲϣÿһܹۺۡ
ӵ㿪ʼͲͨɱֿ̤ĵΪеĶǼΪصÿһǹȥпĶ
ɱֹԭǣֻҪܹ㹻ĳͣȻɱԸΪȥԣ󲿷ֵɱȫϲŭ޳Ѫ֮
һһȻΪֵĵطɽ˺Ǵ͵ļһ֡
ι磬¾𣿡
һȺСһΧڴеĳһ˽Χȫûע⵽
¾ˣһЩ̧ͷһɱֹı־ǰδеļ
һ¿һֱҵ룬һ˵ʲôҲҪΪһɱ֣ҾͿ԰ˣ
磬ҪˣǵʵܳΪɱ֣ʱп׼𣿡
ͻȻһ˿į̧ͷŴɱֹǸ޴ı־һ˿СǿǼСǹ¶ûΪҪʴȵүүǣʬͷˣүү뿪ˣԣұҪҶصһүүصĺӡ
ǡ硭Сǿ껹Ҫվ˵ЩʲôѾվһĳһȥ
ȻЩɱҵһרŷɱ֣ȡɱѫԼȡ
˿ѾһŶ飬ɱһ޾ҪԼ߰ĳͬ˴ðյ˼롣
ЩվȺĩλǰһֳߵĶ鲻Щզ࣬ʵ̫ˡ
վڷǰһںЩɻתһԼꡣ
Сվ
Ҫɱ֣罾˵
һ㶣ȻתΧļ˶һۣͻȻһĴЦźεļ
㡭ǡһԸϹСǿЩŭעǰһˡ
ٺٺ٣ʲôʱɱأһȺСȻܵҪ빫ᣬЩԿͻȻЦΧһȺ˵
СǣҪ빫ỹȿԼëûгɣȻʱŵ˿ӣĻɾ澡ʧˣ
죬׼˵磡Ҳкʸˣ
СǿЩջ˫һմĳΧһȺ˺
СǿҪ˵ˣ
ЩŵһСǿ̧ͷպÿתԼİؼˡ
СӣղŽʲô
صɫЩѿӴټϵľ޴˰̣ؾӸµĸµ꣬ʮֵĿֲ
ס֣һվλֵܵǰòõĿǰһһĺӡ
飡
ؽһ˦Сͱɿ˳ȥݺݵײһϣصˤڵء
㡭Ҹƴˣ
ԼͬˣСǿͻȻŭһԾ˵ԷСϣıס
ߣС
һһ˦Сǿֱӱ˳ſ˦˳ȥ
飡
ͻȻԶصķٴγһѱסԷСȣȻſںݺݵҧȥ

ͻȻһڶԷϣȻץ꣬סԷĲӣֻҪһͿֱӽСһ
ĵطƺȫȴûǰֹȫһȤĿߣЩǻԵ˵˿̽ڿһ־ѡ
ɱֽУֵǮģ
飡
ͻȻһڹȻһ˵ŷİأ˿ŷ֣аصľȻһɫľ޵ֻһõ˶Էؿڡ
ͨ
𺳵ע£ͻȻ۾һӴֱӵ˵ϣʡ¡ɿڵأȻܵһĻ
ô£
ΧɱЩ𾪵ĺղŻڿֺĽѵһСתۼһﾹȻ˵ϡ
ղŵǰѵǴſڷɽģ
ȫ߼еһԵſڣһɫӰӭŴ۵⻺ſڡ


ڶٶʮ Ϣ
ɫӰӭ˵עӻֻ߽ۣһֻ۾ŶԷ
ɢڶԷǽս£һվ̧ͷɨ˿һ۴ǽϵǸɱֹı־һذײһϡ
˿Էòʱȫʶһ㶣һ۽ȫ˿̶ԷòֻǴֻܹԷںµİ
ǿȣ𺳲ѡ
һƤĳһֻǳǻԵɱֵƤǰƤ˵һλĪ⵹˵һոճļ
Щŵע£Է߽ʾڴɨһۣȻתһ¥ȥ
ιιվס
ͻȻһ˲伸ӰΧÿһȫɫЩƵĽǰ
ʲôˣǲ˵ģ
һͬĴ߸ž޸ЩˬĿǰС㣬ȷʵ׶˵ĿǰֻһҵȷһСӡ
мҪΧڴеɱȫȤٴνȫеߣеǶݸȤЩΨ²ҵ˿ڡ
Сǿķ»վ۾ضŸղžԼ
磬ǳڶԷעǸϽɣɳҵıʱԣڻȱҪ
Ϸȴ־ܾ˶Է飬Щҡεվ壬۾ضһԱɱǰΧ
û°ɣ
ĵ뵽ԷΪ˾Ⱥ˵ģԣѾ¶ģǶԷѾԼҲҪ
ÿ
һûн⼸˷С
֮󣬼Եһ㶣ҲʵЩ̫̫һЩ
ߣҪ̫ţȻͬΪɱ֣ǾһɣһԵһһɺͷһе
ٺ٣ϷҪʼˣ
һԵļλɱĻϲЦܹһ˵ҲһСӡ
ڹд򶷣ÿʮңȻƷҪ¼㣡
ͻȻһԵһԱµĽȻ¼Լ飬ƺȫЩ˴֮󲻻ɷá
ٺ٣һٻһȻɽĽңͻȻо޴ĸͷҪȥ
飡
δΧļ˿ӰѾɢ˳ȥȻݺݵײһԵǽϣϣеֱײϣͬ⼸ûһܹ
áÿٶȣ
һڹעߵɱЩ鲻Խĳ̾ȻҲһЩصĸĵĴ𣬲²ŶԷݡ
ûΧЩ˵һתһһ̨ȥ
ʮңһԵһԱͻȻվ˵ȻղŵıҲˣԣȻ֮ǰ
ǼһὲҸϵģָָһԵزѵļˣȻжŶԷ˵һ£شϢģ
˵֮ӻͳһɫƽ˶Է
ͻȻóӶԷԵһ㶣ǵķԼ̵üʱͻȻһͣٴοʱٴתվĽƽУȻ˵ˣ
ͷĬĸŶԷ¥һ˿˴ˡ
ղǸһﵽʲôˣԷʲôΪζԷ֮̾ͱùҿǼǵùЩԱʮָֻ߰ɱֵʱǲŻ𾴵ĽӴһɱЩֵĴѾʧ¥ݹսǵ¶Ʋ⡣
ѵһһɱֲɣ
ι磬ǸϽ߰ɣȻĻЩһѹͻǨŭǵģ
СǿЩµĿһſڵϻûѵļˣȻĵĶһԵļʹһɫǿн˳ȥֻǴ˿Ѿ˹עߣ˶ڲ²ݡ
ŶԷһֱ¥ԷһĺľţȻŶ˵ˣһǹشϢ׻ȡ񣬷ϢͬģҲԹҪƷϢ
Է˵㹧һת뿪¥ȥԷȴǾȡ
λǰֵ÷зλɱ𣿾˵սǼ¥˰
ΪʲôԷɱϾȻֻǣλԱͻȻһ˿ĸо
Ȼǲ֪Է˿̵뷨߽ſڣһҪ·ࡣֻдڴĳһطͣ
ӳľһС䣬ͷ·޴һŵľָһС䣬ÿһ涼վһԱ
Сһľ壬̯һ㽫ָĶڷ档۲쵽ЩеһıӣеǾᣬδĿʯҩģǸ߽׵ҩ
⣬𻹷֣ÿһϷȫһƵľƣÿһľдżݴ֡
ɱ񡱡ɱ񡱡ʮɱ񡱡ɱ񡱡ɱ񡱡ͬҲǡҩʯҩݡĽ߻شĸֽͣԼеĿĵءϢ


ڶٶʮ 
ŷλõǸϢȥΧļ̯λϴţĹ۲죬ҲԽԽȡ
ңҵʯӲޱȣڴɽأۼۣʮһ
ຮڼ֮صϡнӲȼӲޱȣ᲻ɴݣǴƷɶõıۼۣһÿ
ѹ߽ҩݣʹúԻԸŲɶõĺôͬʱ빦Ҳһãۼۣһҡ
ԪṩԪ䡣սıرҩƷۼۣǧһö
߿߰զ࣬ĶϡŹְ󣬼˴󲿷ҪƷȻЩҲͬӵһͬص㡪ϡС
濴һ껯Ԫݣλ鱦ϵƷڷһУһֽдϸϽܡ
ɱֹȻĵ̰Ķİ﹩ѡû㹻Ÿ
ߵһϢŵһλͤͤŮǰڷһЩָСӡ
һ£ͷ˲ٺö
汦񡷡סҩ¼ɱְ񡷡
ЩզĿǰһСӣоϲû뵽ĶȻȫ
ĲӶǮ
һҩ¼򿪷һ飬ĶűʮֵϸǰܸеҩģȻÿһҩĵĸٱ˷ű࣬ͼƬרŵϸܡ
һһ
һ㶣û뵽Ȼ˰ȻָϵʵЩһļ۸񣿡
ŮٲȻһЦǵģЩǣⱾסۼһǧңⱾɱְۼң
һ㶣Ϊβ˴󣿡
ĴˣڡסĶ˵ǽǸȤϾڴ˵е޺ԣⲢôʵãɱְǻÿһλɱֶṺĲӣо˵ذһˣʮɱϢȻذָɱָ֣ǽɱ֣滹йɱ֮ĽܡÿһλɱָȤĶ۸Ȼߣ
ͷЩÿһһݣ
УͻȻʵɲŪɽϢ˵ѡԱϢ
Ůһ㶣̧ͷһ𣬲ܿľͷӦȷеģҪ
ͷȻŮһóһдֽԼʮŵӡ
ЩոռһεɽϢԼڵѡϸÿһ˵䣬ʵ²⣬屳Ѽóʽ
۾һԼҪľ
ҪǮ
ʮ򣡡
һͣһ鴤Ȼ˲ʹ
ôô󣡡
ĴˣԷȻ΢ЦΪϢǼʱԵģÿ궼ڱ仯ҪÿķѴȥѼϢЩǡסԶģֻҪġԸƣԣļʱϢģ
ͷԷ˵ĵȷе뵽ʮҳֽȻҪۼʮ⼸һǧҪˣ
ƹƣǸǮõ⼸ϢȻһĹ˹䣬ʣǮһԪȻŻ¥׼ȥ
뿪ɱֹᣬһ˻ڴϣͻȻüͷһ壬Ȼźۼļǰȥ
ߵһû˵Сʱת˽ȥȻǰ˼ͻȻͣ½Ų
ɣôãӦҲ˰ɣ
£һЩСӰشһĽ߳
һ㶣û뵽ȻɱֹԼµǸꡣ
˿һĺһǰͨһڵء
ҡҲǹٶ˵ģҡֻ뵱һлл
һ㶣û뵽ԷԼȻΪ߹ȥԷӵϸ۵ʱԵһ㶡
ʲô֣
ʵйΪ˱Լ˲ϧԼʮ͵ľǶԷһ㡣
ҽз磡Ǹ¶
ͷΪҪɱ֣
ɱҾͿԱԼˣΪɱ֮ҾͿǮǳһٱ
ͻȻٴͨһڵأˣΪͽɣԸΪţֻҪϴУ
ǰЩӲ꣬ͻȻоԷĺСʱԼ
վһһȭҿ
ӵվȻһڵһȭӳ
飡
ֽסԷȭͷ˵ͷʵھżȭʦң츳ѾʮֲˣҲܹ㣡ΪԼ·Ҫߣ㣬ҲͬԼ·Ҫߣ
佱Լ츳ʱһϲû뵽ȻͬԼΪͽ
ԷҪ˵İ˰֣Ȼ˵츳ѾܲˣֻҪܹҵһ΢̵һ½ָտɴǡҽһҪҪȥһδ飬ԡҿºѽ̵㣡
𽲵ͻȻժͷϵĺۣ¶㿡ʵףժº۵һɲǣ糹׵Ĵ


ڶٶʮ һʶˮ
ЩԼ۾ǰǸһ˲ɼɱֵĺ𣿿ǡΪʲô᣿
Լ𣬷һ˲񣬷·Щת
ǲЩȣЦЦصǶԷҪǿԲŲϧԼĿʾˡ
ԼҪߣңһκ˶Ҫྣĵ·ԣҲͽܣҵǿԸָһ£
ָڿռָĦȻжһᡣ
һмԺߵʱ⣬һȭʦν߷ĵ飬ԼдģڵӦʮҪУһԪպĸʱһĳɹʡúñţ
̤֮ռ˽أʵ˫ɽѹεģĵѵӰʱдģڵҩĮǵʱ͵ġ
ЩĿеȷʵڵ˵ȷʵҪġǰԼ޼ǵ꾹Ȼڵһμ͸Լ
뵽ͻȻ˫ϥأ𹧾Ŀһͷǿ۽ǵˮû
㲻棬ҳʦݣ
ЦЦɣԺýʦҲδ̹ʲôҲǱȽԸѡˣȥɣ֮²Ҫκἰɱ֮Եڼģ
˵תһԾһķʧԶ
еδоԼ˵ļ·ԼеľһС
ҪǿҪǿһҪǿ
ԼеƷٴαüᶨ
̧ͷһʧķ򣬷ͻȻͨһٴιڵء
һһܹ׷ʦĲ
˵֮󣬹Ķʧķͷ

˵д˼ʮң
ѩЩ˼ĿеļСӣϵľ״һιʳСɻ̧ͷĺ鿴
˽µʱ䣬СĳɳٶȾˣĿǰѾɳһֻӥĴСÿһζԴʳЩСһĳɳٶȡ
ЩǶұȽõĶңû˻׬ЦЦȻǷݹɽϢ鿴
ɽ᣺Ϊɽڲеϴ躮ضʹ⣬ٴ֮ͣ뽫Լľѡֽϴ跥壬Ϊϴ跥ãԼĹӦյẮصʹһ
ΪÿʹöὫصľľԺÿ꿪һΣÿι涨ʮˣʮ˱ΪɵһΪ̶뾺ѡ
̶ǼȻɵȨעĹĸȻɣΪһʶˮ
һָǴʿľԳȻʸ壬ָǽڣǴʿڵңˮָǴʿˮ
صעһ»ʸ壬ƺǸɱѡйͻļ塣
ڴʿӵоԵʵӰ죬ֱϽ¸󿤵ͬʱƿߴʿڶ󲿷ֵ˿ڣ˵ʸҵһλ߼ǿߣڵ峤ǻʸۣһλʵڼǿߡ
ʸĳԱӣֱΪܣӻʸ죬ŮʸӢŮʸӻʸԼСĶӻʸܡ˴ΧŮʸӻʸԼһϵ˻ʸƣŮʸӢԪʦԼСӻʸܣļԪʦǲμӴ˴εľѡ
һļصԿʮ̶Уʸ뽣ÿռʣµĸǱˮϷ֡
еȤǣˮƺȫŮƣڴʿҲŲС
ɸѡѡ˴˴ԼҪصעļˣʸҵĻʸʮԪʦڵĳӢżԪʦҵڤżԪʦˮɺżԪʦ
ĸ˼еĲѡΪҫ۵ˣ˶ڶУ˴εѡΡ
𻹷֣ĸĳӢʮ꣬СĻʸȻԼһʮꡣ
𲻽ЦԭΪԼ츳ǲģںЩļһԼǲ̫Զ
ǲδΪ˶٣ϾЩ˲ǳȻУСܵѾŵر鵤ҩԼԱģЩĽҲĽ
ٴѡ˼ԼΪҪصע֮󣬲ĵһһЩ𲻽̾ȻƼһδᡣ
ֵصһǣ·ڤڵ֣׷ɱԼɣǲ¶һ˿Σյػȣ
ڤڣҪˣ


ڶٶʮ Ԫ
ҩʦᡣ
򵥵֣ȴڴʿŲɱֹĳȻλԭֻΪҩʦۼĵط
¼еҩʦһͬ֯ǾǼҩʦᣬĹӶᣬ᲻ͬʱҩʦĵλƺҪӳȻһЩ
ΪҩʦְҵԡΪҩʦ̵ֿͬʮȻˣȴ
ѩһ˹ΪڼɽϿʼ֮ǰһЩҪ׼
ѽҩʦĴţŵһŨҩ㣬ƾЩĿζͿԲ²ЩҩһֻǼβһá
áôĴ
ѩЩ͵ǰƽ׵ľ޴ʱĹģ𺳣ͬҲΪӵеԾ
֮ǰһ޴ĴڲǱһŵСֳ̯һС̯ÿһС̯ǰһλ̯Լ̯λϰϸָϡŹֵƷۡ
Ȼҩʦᣬһ¥˵׳ۣһ¥ӣʲô˶УҪ򵽱һԱʣҪǿ˵뾭顣
߰ɣܹܲʲôһѩЦЦȻһС̯ȥ
ָҩݣʯϡŹֵƷҩԼۻħˡּۻ۵ֱͷ·һ޴ļС
һţԵС̯ӹڼ䵽ʱϳٵĶ
ѹҸǻ
ָҩĶİڷС̯ϣйǣÿһλ̯϶һͬĺɫķΣؿڵλýɫ˿һɫҩ֪Щ˶ҩʦ
һ·߹ȥһλЩݵǰͣԷ̯λС̯ű̯࣬λƷ廨š߰ʲôУҾ󲿷ֶһİڵϡ
һ鴤ټ̯λܹóȥŹ֣ʵ̯λǰȷʵûмˣΪһ̯λ
𻺻ضӣӵ˴ԼеһһϣԼȭͷСͨɫɢĹʡ
ֶ֪·ĿǰӲĽ֮ǰԼɱֹĳຮҪӲǴľϼѲϡ
ⶫЦžеĶʵ

̧ͷƮƮĿһеĶĶȫƷ
һ㶣ҪʲôƷ
ͻȻ̧ͷһȻ¶һ˿ЦݣҪһħˣ
һ㶣ܿ¶һ˿ζЦ⣬ҲİɣȻ٣Դ𵽴ãԣֵôܹȵһĻħˣ
ߺٺһЦƺҲ֪ԼЩڿˣЦָָϵƷȻٴѡȡһƷȡһ׻ԵħΣ
ͻȻ̧ͷһ۶ԷȻҲǲԣ
һ۶ԷϵҩʦΣȻŲźۼĿڣҼҩʦȻһŲٵҩɣ֪ûСԪ
һ㶣̧ͷֵĿһ𣬡ԪͺȡһħˣСӣɲҪˣԪҩ
ÿɷЦЦĪҪթСӣȻҩҶԪҲϤȻԪʱһ˵ʵңҩЧǿҵȫѻԵĺ֢»еȴɣˣ²ûж˸ڳ԰ɣ
˵óһɫħˣ⻹ϴ̶͸Լħˣϴһֱδ
һ㶣ƺû뵽ԷȻԪ˵Ϥһеħˣһ˿ײۣܿľ˹ȥ
ܱǸҵ䣡
νʼ磬ȻѩͷתҪ뿪
߿ȻԵɵתҪ뿪һ˿żûн
Ȼûκεĳֱһĳȥڳסˡ
Ӯˣħɣ
תһ͵Цѩ裬¶һ˿ײ΢ЦȻһµת߻ȥ
̾һȻһóһƿӸ𣬡ȷһϺõȼ۵ԪҿҪ㣬ⶫȻǷˣǿֲĺ֢Ҳ˶ܹܵ˵ģ
лˣЦŽӹƿ̾ϢһԼѾûʱ˰
ħ˵ݸԷõת׼ѩ뿪
飡
ߵ¥ݿڵʱͻȻһӰ¥ϱһ߷ۿҪײѩϣ
ѩͻȻһУȻŵ㵽ı


ڶٶʮ 
¥ˤˣһ󾪺Ϊ·ѩ裬Ӱֱҵѩϡ
飡
ͻȻ֣ȻһץסӰ˫һתԷתһٰʮȣȻķŵϡ
ŵϵƺ˺صˣһ̱ڵϣŬ˼ζûվ
վѩǰͻȻ̧ͷһ¥һȺӰسҰС
ǡҵ
һԴĲ˷һһ۾ϳ¥ϵǼˡ
ȻҵһôҪùˣ
һԵСţܿһȺǰ˰Χ
Ӹµĳ¿һۣԼһȥ˾Ȼһ굥ֽסʱ۽΢΢Ϥ˶֪Ҫףܿͷѩ裬ʱ۾Ȼһ¶һĨаĿ⡣
Ůٺ٣ϲаЦŻس¥
ѩ迴ԷЩĵĳȥ
ȻָĿһѩ裬ھԷʱ͵һ¶һЦݣžֱѩߵһ̱ڵϵǰ
벻Ȼûˤ㣡
˵ȻֱһԷؿڽԷ߷ڵأȻһŲڶԷϣݺݵѹš
Ҫɱң㻹Զ
¶һ˿аȵЦݣȻͻȻһļ´Ҵ򣡡
һԵļ̳ȥһȭߣֵǰʼնûзһ˫ֱסԼԴȻɹΣƾΧᡣ
¥ݸƬһ󰲾ȫ߼еĻֻȭͷϵ
̵ֲľѩЩȥĶ㵽ıһǰĳȻתѩЦЦ߰ɣ
ԼʲôʥˣֻҪԼѲ˺ͺãϲµˣÿ춼ڷĲƽ֮£ˣԼʥˣȻǲܹܵе顣
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ɫҲΪĻض𣬡Сӣ㻹֪³
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վס
һԵһһȻҪӣ־ҪȥץļȴƮƮȻüڶԷһԷ˳ȥ

תպÿȻлץסѩĸ첲۾͵һ˿ɱ⣬˲ѩǰһŽץסĻһ߷ȥ
ȻеԼߵˣɫһ͵һ֣ץ
ʮǰ˰ΧɫƵĿˡ
ĽѩŵԼ֣Ȼɿ˫Ļһ󣬻δȶԷĶѾʧԭء
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ֻһ죬Ȼ˲ʮͻȻͬʱһ൹ɳȥ̱ڵϴ֪⻹⣬˳㽫һԶԵڵǸȭߵǼҲͬÿ˲һš
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𻺻ɿȭͷתһſڣȻտ߽һȺˣ̼ڱһȺΧ£ǸŮϡ
Ӻݻ󡢸߰䵭ͷ·ǰٻеĵһΧˡ
ǹεʲô簡ʸҲˣһͻȻһ󾪺


ڶʮ Ӫ
ȻǻʸĻʸǹʲô簡һ˾
һ㶣ʸɽҪرעļ֮һû뵽쾹Ȼһַʽ档
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ܿͱƽջԼȭͷԹ˿һ
㣡ѵ㲻֪ڴʿڲ׼ŹĹ涨𣿡
ʸһ°߹ʩ죬䵭·ΧһĴڲͬʱ䣬һ·ʸûرĹעκˡ
ͻȻЦŴ˸ʸС㣬Ȼ֪涨ֻﴦһ°ˣһҵִ£ղһҪɱұץסˣԴӦûʲôɣ
ʸɨһһԻѪѾģǸˣüͷ壬΢Ľ񱣬ȻϲǰһĻ
ǼڲҲܣǸղô£
ʸûתһۣ֪ԷԼ˵˭
ǺǣСֻ̫Ҫ΢Ľѵһ£֪ʿĹذˣһ֮ǰİԵЩ˵
ʸ϶ԷĻǴʿӦǻʸҵĹأǲܹ֤ÿһ˵İȫǻʸһڴʿ㣬ԣҪܣԣȥžսû˻ܣǣʿ֮ڣҪǻʸҵĹأ
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ʸԵظо˶ԷǾ仰仯֪ΪоȻһĨССȸԾܿʸҡҡͷ
ȻǸԸ꣡

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һɫӰͻȻǽ£ļֵ˼أȻӶԷóԿתΡ
ãӰִһ·Щ̫Ӱĵ߳ΣץסԷ˫֣һһݶѸٵʧԶʼնûоκˡ


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еЩǵۿЩʪ⻹ǵһ˶ԴԴˣҹɫµĻҰУһֻԼ֪ԣպҲΪԶϵȥŬġ
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һ㶣Ƕ˵İȫ˵Ǹỳɵ˵ϡ
һ֣ģûҵ֤ݣǴʿҲģ

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ͨȥȫǼǣرעǸìܵСӣ˶סÿ춼ڸʲô
ڤͻȻһ֣ԼصεĻͻȻƯ
ڤͻȻ˫һգʱһѪҺɽѡ
ҲҪûõķ


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ΪڴʿʮɽɽȱֻΪ˴ҪΧħɭ֣ŵƽʱûж
⼸õɽٴαԭΪϾҪһʷ׳ʵĴᡣ
ΪҪɽԽ׺ظʵɽҪһ˴˴ƽʱǻ̳ǼʹˣʸȻڴפ˴Էַ
ɽɽڴﱻ˹һɽʮ˵ľ޴㳡㳡ǰλһϯ̨ľαڷԵλãҲ֪ܹһʿʮӰˡ
ϯ̨ıһűʱΪΪĴλýϯ̨һ֪ΪμӴ˴ѡӰĸ׼ġ
ϯ̨Ժǰľ޴㳡λãǱȫĿ˳ûκεĶֻ˽ǰĹ㳡ıΪλлһС͵Ĺ㳡˴ǰǿֵֻܹվС͹㳡Χ
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飡
Էƻδȴһӵ˳ȥˤڵء
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εıѡļҹͬƶκεΪеѡĿȫĴ干ͬɣҾɷģеĲμѡԱȫ㳡
ŻʸĻ£㳡ΧͻȻһɧȻԹ㳡Ⱥ߳뵽λñרŻֳС㳡ϡʱһ˵Ĺ㳡˳䱻μѡε˸ˡ
Ҫȥˣ
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ɽ֮Ҫʱ̱־裬ΪΣղԤ֪ʱǶΪ˶ԼСɽɽŵɽξǳΪڶɸѡɸѡһʮϲѡǳΪץϷĴɵʮԱǽЩμѡε˽һץǱֱץ˽ֱʧȥ˴ѡλᣬܹɹץɽĽô˴εĽ뺮Ѵһ䣬ЩץĶԱ͵ˮƽҲ弶ԪʦԣҪСˣ
ҪǿһǲĸĲѡԱǶһͬʣΪһԱˮĸ˸أһҴɷģԲ˽׵
ǻɽɽʱǻȴҵĵ
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Żʸһ£ʱ㳡һƬһӰһ㳯һħɭڳȥ̧ͷһԶѩ裬¶һ˿΢ЦȻͻȻŵһȵ˲ʧԶ


ڶʮ ħһ
һħɭ͸о鲢ǹ㳡϶Է˵򵥣ΧصЩ£ƺЩ죬Լѡ·û˽룬ǽһգ۵ĹҲԷټ
̽ȫɢſʼĲΧĲͬѰ
ԼΪɢʮĵѾ׵ĳΪһ޴սսһŭ޺鲼ɭ֡𻹷˼ЩǱѰϢǸоܹ֪ЩϢΣգԼڵħ޵Ļֻ·һ
ԱȣѡһԶ⼸Ϣ·Ȼʼɭȥ֪弶ħѾǣҪҵԷֻܹ뵽ħɭ
һ·ɭӣ𱣳ŽɢܣȻʱ˽Χ
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˿׵ĴһｫԼϣεҡҡͷȲ˵ݲӦؼļħޣԼ˿ҪĶ
ȡ
ͻȻһԵĲݴгһˣ±鲼˺ۣƺʮصƣϵĳǿ־壬ӸղħһĴС
ȡȾңȨˣ㡭ȾңԷϵСȲϵĳſ
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ܹԷʵܸߣû뵽ȻܹμεѡΣȻμѡξӦ׼ҡҡͷ׼ˣɲʲôˣҪħһĿоܹܲɹȲ˵ǽԼȥ˾͸Ӳֵˡ
ǣתħһͻȻһȻӵеĸ첲һԾ
ͻȻһ˿⣬ȻԥĿٰεתڶԷԼצϡ
飡
ħһͬʱʮ˼վħһڵϷ˼ȦĵŻһεĹ
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ħһ˿ƺҲĲ׶ԸȻǰǽΧʼתһԵǸ˵ѡǳû㵽һԡ
ЩɻħһƺרźԼˣһԵԱӶ΢ʱһԵħһͻȻһԾٴ
һݣһ˿ɱ⣬ǲɱ½ԼҪˣҪ֪εѡοʱƵģԼ֮ǰħõڴ
뵽Ѿ˱ɱ֮ģڶһԾȥһԷצӣȻһȭڶԷĸ

ħһŭһƺЩһֱٴ
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飡飡飡
һ𼸺û֣ȭͷѸٵ£ÿһζڶԷʺһжԷʮ֮㿪
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һԼ˫֣ȫѪûЩߵħһǰӿռָͳһذף˫֮ͻȻӿһԪذȫİȥ·ǸѺذ׶һĤ
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٣ֵܣֱ̫ˣô˵һζҵҶӦлģһ˵ǸѡͻȻ߹ɫ԰ףʮ˵
ڰ֣лңȨĻЩƬɭΪã
˵ŶԷ潫ħռָԷ۾ָϵĿռָעһۣһ˿ײ̰֮ɫ
˫ϵѪøɾת׼뿪ȴûзֱǸһͻȻ䳶һذһԾȥ


ڶʮ Σ
ӶԷ͵Ϯһתǵʯ֮䣬еذ׼ѾԴԷһ˿ѪЦ⡣
ۣ
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ʱһذͻȻ𣬳ڶԷС
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ԷͻȻµΪڼͻȻһ
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ͻȻѪ۱ѣɵѪ·ȪһĽЩȵ˫ԼĲѪеѪҺ˳˫ֵķ϶ϵȪˮӿ
Ҫ˵Щʲôֻܹ̱ڵϡ
еذ״˼תȻصУеذ嶼ûأֱǰȥ
СԼ֮ûгֵιˣɣʵˣıȴһİ˲־裬ôͻñɱˡ
Ϊ֮ǰĴֳ˲ٵĶֱѡһȥ뿪ɭУħ޻࣬ʮΣյĴڡ
Ǻƺûа𣬽߳ȥʮףͱһͻȻһһסȥ·
ǡʨ
һ㶣û뵽ԼȻֱһ弶ħޣҿղֻʶܵƺ
ˣĺûǷ˲ɵӣ
һܣΧƺûʲôˣͻȻһԾңȻŻʨӴܵĵطȥ
һѪħӱһԾ£Ȼ˫սѪħֱһ¡
ŭ
䣡
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𣡡
ʨͻȻ֫һŵ棬ȻӴһԾ弸һԾͳڿУһţһŻͻȻȥ
û뵽ԷȻܹ棬鼱֮һһȴһֱˤڵأǡö˶ԷĹ
ڼˤڵصʱһĵȻ󼸸վڵϡ
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ٿѪħֱӳ嵽ʨǰԷƺѾ޴Щɵ˫֣ϵĶϧѪħĲٿ¾ͷ·Լ۾һܹҵԷټ
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飡
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һѪħֱͱ˶ԷƤ⣬ƬѪӿһֱӴ̼ʨͻȻݺԾ𣬳һϿȥƺ׼ײ
˫һɣȻ˫һȵ棬ڿն۾һ˲ɫ˫һչ
𣡡
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ͫ
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˫ץѪħܹǽȻһԾ¡
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һ޴ͷ­ϣʨȻͷ­ڵһٳһ޴ĿӶղʹ
嵹ڵϷ˼ȦϵĻ𣬺úõһ·ҲòȴڷƵһ
˲ϵʹһµܵһԵʨԴһңմ淭һŻɫħˡ
ħ˵֣ĵһվδȽħһԵͻȻһӰܶ
Ϳ֮ǰԼм϶شһĲݴ߳
ֻʨ֮ǰҿеѾˣû뵽Ȼ˸ˣħ˰ɣҾ͵ûз
ЦһﻹԼС
ŶԷ潫ħƮƮ̧ͷԷ
ղֻʨսʱòһֱΧ͵͵Ĺۿɣʲô֤֤ʲô֤֤㽫˵ģ
û뵽Ȼ֮ǰͷԼټɫЩΣܿ˹ȥע
ѵ㲻֪ԵĺȰûǹԹԽħˣ򡭡
ͻȻ϶ԷĻǴһ˿ζЦ⡣
Σ


ڶʮ ̩̹ħԳ
ĻɫױĶкɱ⡣

ûлشԷ⣬סѪħ˦˦Լ
Ķһһѳָ
ϴΪʸĹϵСˣħɭУҵҪ˭㣡
ʼ磬Ҳ˵ģĽҰģĹСһ㣡

ɫһս
飡
˵ıӴһ𣬸ոճֽһȭͬĻȭٴײһ
飡
˵ȭͷײһ𣬷һײ岻ܿƵʮЩѿͣס߽Ǻһ
ɫЩѿͻȻеĳʱһâ˵Ҳʼ޷Զϵͷֱ
һн㣡
̿ս
ֻоǰһâ˲ʶһһȻâͻȻ̴һ󶴣
ԼĹЧͻȻЦһھ֪ʲôԴ³
ߴӱתͻȻ˫һ棬еѪħŶԷȥѸٵϣڶԷǰһȭ
׻
䣡
屻˼һСƿ¶һ˿Ѫ̧ͷЩԹĿһ
Ǿ׼ٴιʱĴͻȻһȺӰ˽ŲңѸӴܣսӶ
ͬʱЩɻ󣬻׵׷ʲôմǰȥȺ˲ʮ˻æӴܣƺʲôǾµĶ
ৣ
ܿ죬ӰԵϣһ㶣ԷȻλŮʸҵĻʸӢˮ඼С
һ㶣Զû뵽Ȼ˻ڴ˴
ٻӰһϲ̧ͷȥӢ㣬෢ʲô飿
һλһۿȥƺȻʸҵĻʸӢҪ˽ӽĸ߰Ůˣɫ壬üͷ΢壬Ůȴͬ˲һǿҵҪͷ
ʸӢ߽ɨһۣȻЩɻתһԵƺΪڴ˽
ͬ˵ɨһۣȻӣ΢Щ˵λǸϽ졭
δȻʸӢĻ꣬ǰĴͻȻһȻȫվȣһԵĲԶһ޺
⡭ǡ
ųǰľ޴ħޣŴЩ˼ĵǰһСɽһĶ
üͷҲ΢û뵽Щ˾Ȼһ鷳
͸ֻܹԷһ˶ԴӴȫıڣӶԷ߳޴ͿԿⶫжôľ޴
̩̩̹ħԳ
Щɬ˵ľơ
Ȼ̩̹ħԳĺƺЩţΪЩ
ЩΣȺһ·ܾȻһһ˹̩̹ħԳǶʼǿߣǰѽеĲѡȫҲһĶְ
ûκεԥȻתӣһԵ˿ĿɿڴҲԹĶǻϽĻǾɵˡ
㡭
ȻһδתӣƺЩûӦܿ켸˾ѸٵĳǰȥڲǼƽЩʱҪġ
Ȼܹ̩̹ħԳӰǶԷƺжξ롣

һŭ̩̹ħԳͻȻһȭ棬ʱѿһ޴ѷۿɼٶȳһӴܵĵطٵĿѹȥ
ħԳƺ˫ֺݺݵشһԵɽϣȻʯ·һڵأÿһ鶼ϰٽУٶȺܿ죬ǱĶУǵ˲ɡ
һ̧ͷͻȻµʯ飬һܼоһ˿ǣ
ৣ
ৣ
ͻȻӰѸٳӰһ㶣û뵽Ů˵ٶȾȻԼҪ죬ʵ弶Ԫʦ
ûκεĳɣʸӢûпһۣתͳǰȥӯǺһ㣬ӯһԾȻͻͻȻԶʮֵ棬Χľʯϵ£Էȴ·ܹʯصĵصһ㣬ܹ˲㿪ҵԼϵľʯ
Щ棬ӶԷƺʹһֹһԵ൹ǺĿһ˵ٶȼ£

ͻȻ屻ʯ˼Ȼ˽һᣬʧȥƽ⣬һȥ
䣡
ڴʱԶѷˮɱһһбҪȥԷ˫ֽץסһķ϶ûеȥȻʮΣա
ǰһξ룬ͻȻԱߵǸŮӲˣһȴķ˫ЩѵץұڵŮӣԼϲʵѪ
ʱδԶӹڴ˴΢һͣƺҲû뵽ϿһۣҪˣԶһ޺ԼѾԿӴĶסˡ
תһȻֿһ۵¿ץұڵ࣬Ȼһҧתǰȥʼûٻͷһۡ
𿴵ǰԶˣѾ˿̻ڿץ±ڵŮˣԷƺԼֱ˿̣ԷûпڽһȵĻǾǿ
Ҫ𣿡̾ͻȻһĽŲ˫ֽץұͻȻѣ˫һɾҪµȥ
ı۾ʱͻȻģĸоһӰ˹


ڶʮ 
඼Ѿı۾ԼȻѷҲ̩̹ħԳϾҪ׷ʱԼһ˸ʹԷĶ֡
׹ʱȴͻȻоԼʲôһѸסˡ
ι㣬ѵһȥ
ͻȻһ̺ЩεĶУЩɻ۾ȴԼһֲֻ֪ʱȻ֮ǰܵǸһקסˡ
һЦԼЩ̫ԸıʱһͻȻ͸оЩί
ԼˮȫŮŮƵĵطҲʦǵĳʦ磬ʦ谮ĸӼԼǹһǫʲôԼķС
ǡǰһ˿ȴֳһʮֲԸӣԼһʮֲԸ顣
Ȼղ೹׵ļǳˣƽʱԼϹϾǫ񣬿˭֪龹Ȼܵñ˭Ҫ죡
û뵽ȻԼǶԷղŵ仰ټεıҲ̫ˡ
ЩίĽµһԣ·ûԷĻһĬ
һ㶣ԷȻûзӦЩɻٴκһܿͷӦʲôԭˡ
ϵĿЦڶʲôʱˣŮ˾Ȼ
ιץˣҰȻĻ
˵ͻȻһһק
ˡ
һͻȻֶԷһƽĿԼһͻ׸ղԼĻöԷˣҪһ䣬ֽһԼڵĻ
ǸʵҲǺۣΪ㲻Ǻأ
ģ⻹𣿼ֱưʲôֱ⽲
仰ȷ׵ǻˣЩŭĿһ𣬶˵תߣȻԼȴûдл
Сģ
θո߳ȥԶȻͻȻһԾȻӺһץסԷӺ˵ڵأ˹һԣ
䣡
ԭվĵطͻȻһʯȻ˲䰼ȥ
˵ڵأȻ̱ŶԷڵһ󷭹㵽һĲݴС
ֻоһʹȻԼͱ˵ڵϣǻδԼȻбԼһĲݴж˸ոٴʯ顣
뽲ƿȴķ˱һֱ޴Ľ
СģС
ͻȻеȫٴα˱ͻȻ˵һԵĵϣ棬С
䣡
һ֧޴Ľƺݺݵڵأ˲䰼һ顣
˲Щһץཫ˦˳ȥ
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屻ƳȥʮףЩתʱȴħԳѾ˵ϵ̧ųŵϲȥ
ķӦν˫һŵ˷Ȼ˲תӡɼʹһ
䣡
ħԳһŲڵϣ޴촫ǿҵ𶯣Ȼһӱˤڵϡ
Сģ
࿴˫ͻȻһָУȻһзɳһӲס壬һקһƶһ¿ħԳٴһ
飡
ٴαڿУһڿһȻ˫ֵϥأһȭŵϺȥ
׻
䣡
ͻȻߵһ๵ֵĴƬ˲ѺۣټħԳӴ˲ݣħԳһбһֻ뵽һĹУ巭˽ȥ
û˿ĳɣɽһӣ嵽ԣȻһץסԷ
Ͻߣһܿͻģ
˵㲻ɷ˵ץԷžߣҪ˵Щʲôȴһǰȥ

˵ٴδһŭ̩̹ħԳѷЩŭղžȻ˵ƷԼ
ŶԷּһ·񱼣ͷĻᶼûУûκԵһ·񱼣
ҪˣǰһԨһֱûлὲͻȻסЩŵ˵
ͷһڷħԳתһ࣬ͻȻһ˿Ĺɡ
ͻȻһ˿õ뷨ЩŵĿ
ʲô
ͻȻԵ˵ûʱˣҪҵģ
˵ͻȻǰȥȻ˼ʮ׺ǰһȽԨס
˵ͻȻһͣȻתһ࣬ͻȻǰһԷ
㡭
뽲ͻȻһԾȻԾһԵУһԵħԳŭ޺


ڶʮ Ԩ1
۾еȫһʹԼƺδʲôصˣղŵǸһƺԼֵеײ
뵽ͻȻŷԼȻſϣԭղһԼԼ赲˾󲿷ֵĳ
˿˫Ŀգϻһ˿Ѫüͷƺ˹ȥ
ιû°ɣ
ЩɻĹԣĸ첲һ¡
ûκηӦ
һͻһֲõԤ
ιѡû°ɣ
ٴĺ˼䣬ȻûκεĻӦеĲԤٴμֳıǼȥ
ָŵıǼ⣬ɫ׵ıѿ
ˣ
ôܣղ˻һô
Щ˼ĶһȷʵûκεĶ
ͻȻһ˿ΣζԷҲΪ˾ԼŻᵼģȻ֮ǰıЩĵ׻ΪվԼеһ˿ж
ʣĲұ֤ǻԼĻ᲻᷵ȥðΣȥһصˡ
ȻˣһҪлл㣡ⱲӻûлκˣǵһЩʧС
ȿȡ
ԭжΪͻȻĿȻ͵һӿпȳһѪҺųһ
ˣ
С˵ʱΪ˲öԷˣһ˳еѹҲԼĳ
غֻоǻһƣžǰһ뵽˻ԣԭǱһѪ̵ǻ
õǵѪͻȻԵźÿĴ۾һϲĿԼһ̣жϵαװû˸߰һƯŮܵ£۽Ǻһ˿飬ɷΪˡ
㡭ˣ
Щ˼ʵǲˣ
һһĵһ¾ȻԼûУ·Ϊĳ񼤵
ĵתͷȥֲõ۽ǵһ˿ˮתʱٴλָΪƽʱ߰䵭ӡ
ԭû
һ㶣¶һ˿ЦεǼ⣬СǸղŵʱɰһ㣬һӻָ֮ǰЩ̫Ӧ
΢ǼװûԷɧվȴϵʹüͷһ塣
ͷһؿϵƣüͷȻǺأǲƵƤԼѪȫճϣѪ֮ʮֵܣһͻᴫʹ
ҲǺܺã֮ǰħԳ׷һǼξ޴𶯲㽫Լȫ飬Ժл졣
ôǸһģЩεʵԭԼѾҵħˣ׼뿪ֱӽɽˡ
⣬Ҳһ˿ɬƺڻһֺ£̧һϵһͷȻ£֪жôջ
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εĵͷǶǸ̩̹ħԳļһԹޣҪĻԼ˿̶ص㳡ˡ
̧ͷһգɫϾҪˣǲҽ뿪Ļ½ֻܹħɭжȹˣϿħ޻ʱ䡣
վһԼƣȷûʲô֮󣬲תһࡣ
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Щ׶ԷҪʲôǵԽԽԶʱҪֱ뿪
ι㡭ֱ˰
෢ģһԼʿһһҪջ֮ǰһкøеĻ
ܹˮıɽŮĻ֪ǸһǸñ
Щɻתһ۶Է̧ͷɫѾˣٲߵĻ½߲ħɭˣȻҶûʲô󰭣ǻǸϽ߰ɣ
û뵽Ȼ׼뿪ͻȻԼȻЩһˣİ˵ԼȻΪ˲Լ׹µʱԼ棬˵ԷΪԼǸŮ֮ųְɣһﾹȻֱתҪ뿪Լ˿ûκεֺԼԡ
ĵһһ䣬仰һ£ͻȻԼȻ޻ɽˡ
Էüͷһ壬ŷֶԷͷ˿ڣ֮ǰԷƺʯй
㡭ˣϲأŻȻʵ
ܣ߰ɣ
ͻȻ͸еЩίƽʱЩ˶ƴİͽԼԼмһ仰һȴԼ뵽ͻȻתȥЩ˵
Щε̯̯֣Ȼٴη߻ͬʱʼΧĸɲ
һľ񱧹һæŲԼЩɻת˶Էһۡ
㡭ڸʲô
ҲǸŮӣҶһһЩ̫ģħѾõˣǱʱ䣬ǾһɣҲȫһ㣡


ڶʮ Ԩ2
ɫϣǹɫһƬʣɭеһҲʱ뵽˳УԶż޺֮⣬ط·һ˲뵽˳˯
һȼյž죬ӳ˵Ӱţ˴˱һľȴ˭ҲûнƺЩΡ
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ԭһϥţ˫ֻСȣһž𷢴ȴͻȻһԵ͵͵شԼɫһ죬æתߣû໹
Ǹ˿û°ɣԷԼעӣЩεһ
ûû£಻֪Ѿ֮ǰ䵭
ϵĿռָȻгһˮֵݹȥ
ǸҪҪˮϴһ£ҩ
ȻҪܾǼͷĲʸУҪһѡΣԣһʱЩԥ֪òýеˮ
ʲôһ㣬ˮŵһԵĵϣȻ˵ˮҸŵˣȻëҩҾԱߣģҲῴߵģ
˵ߵһԷʮԶĵطȻһƨɶڵϣ࣬óѪħʼĲš
תȻѾߵԶһԵԾͷ˵Ķ
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Ľ⿪һŦۣ⿪Ȼɫ½ɴ£ٴֿʼһµ˿ۡ
⿪˿֮΢ĿһһԵ𣬿ԷȻԼڲʱżڶ˿۽⿪ĵĽһһ㣬¶һ۵磬֣Ӿ
ȻһĻѪŵĳȴûлῴ
һˮëšˮĸӣë΢ĵһˮëԼ˿ϡ
üͷšĸоֱļ䣬̲סһ
ϸĵĽ˿ԱߵѪϴɾȻóҩĵ˿ϣһɾ˿ϵ˿ڡ
һĵĺһ׼·ɾʱͻȻǰԶĺڰͻȻһ춯
͵һ̧ͷͻȻǰԶĺڰоȻԼԼһӰվ
˭˭ЩľĺղԼȻһֱδ֡
ͻȻһ͵סѪħӵһԾѸٵǰǶԷʱûϵ˿ۣ𲻽ǰľЩѪţѩ׵磬ͱ֣æǿԼߴӶԷߣȻһڶԷǰཫ嵲Լ
һ˦ϵӵļϣ¶סͬסĻ޵һĻ
ڰеӰ߳¹⵱߹ʱ͵һͣϵıʱþ
죡
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𣡣Ȼ㡭
ЦһֽѪħбƽ죬ЩζĿŶԷ
ԩ·խأ벻Ȼ˵㲻һԵ֣
ʶ
һͬͬʱЩɻʵ
𱳺ϵ˿ۣ·ȻĹӣЩɻʵ
ɨһۣصڶԷϴ·Ͽ˼ӣ·˼ӣ
ٺ٣ƺıȽϷˮأλûпĻӦǴʿպˮɣ˵ϵҶԷϻ·һĻǴȥ»䶯ɣ
Ƿʲôһ㣬һЦĿǰˣֻЦȴһ˿յζ
ɱ
ɫ࣬ǰ𽲵⻹ǵһҪɱ˵ĳ嶯
ģûҲҪи˶ϵģͷȻתԷ
һʱ䲻̵Ĺʱǣǲ֪ʵûǣǧҪϴٴαɥ֮ȮһĴأ
ڶⷽ棬õռκεıˡ
ȻĻԭЦɫ׵ı

ͻȻǷʲôһ㣬ͻȻڽ֮ǰ̩̹ħԳ˾ǣ


ڶʮ ս
ĻԵһ㶣û뵽֮ǰԼ׷һ̩̹ħԳȻһǵģì֪ܲٴһ
ٺ٣ǻһħҿСϷ˵ܹҵһҲһ
վһ̧ͷһǰˣȻ˵סǸŮˣٶȽһħ޺ܶ࣬Ҫǹ
ЦֻҪܹסŮ˾㹻ˣ
˵˵Ѹһ˲˵һӴǾһӸµĴû뵽һһֱӿ˾С
ʱ𲢷ǵյǸͷ࣬Ȼں¶ԷѪħһ˦ȻһԾ
ŭ
޵ڼԷʱͻȻһȻһץס˿еľ޵˫ʱ
û뵽ԷȻɳô࣬ԴϴǼ֮첢δȹ
һԵ࿴ͶѾʼǽսҲת˲֡
飡
ӴͻȻһȭҳеľ޴Ȼ飬˲һƬƬɢڿС
˼δżٴϣһȭӳ
׻
һ֮ŵһӣԼ˫Ŀ˲ɫ
ͫ
Χʱת䣬Ȼһ󲢾ѸٽһнᾧΧһƬеҶȫ˲¶ʮּӲҶ
ͻȻѪħһӣʱǰļϵҶʼ׷£һ𼸺һǳɣûκεͣ١
еҶȫ䵽еʱͻȻһУеҶȫͣ͡
ȥ
ৣ
ৣ
ৣ
ž˲ΧҶȫ·ǰһ죬ڶԷϣϣԴž죬ֱӲ˶Էϣͬʱڲϵðź
ЩҶڴ̵Էϵʱƺûʲôãȫ䵽ϣʹһ֮󣬲õǿƤļӲȶͬʱǿ
ͷһͻȻ¶һ˿Ц
˰ɣܲܽҵĹ
ͻȻ˫ֺһһӶ׼

һŹ룬ͻȻеԼǴһƬ׵ԨΧ·Ǿһ㣬ԼǸ߶ܹҵڣ˿ԭزϵתȦӰˣ
УͻȻЦһȻ˫ȭһ󽻲棬ǰоȻֳһ޴شǴͷн׳
Щ׾սһס˾޴شƺҲЩɫǵͨ죡
ԭǴ㽫һѡεģǽ쾹Ȼ㣬ǲܲμӽѡҲҪͽɱ
˿̱һռûзֽҪΣգϵΧѰңȴʼҲǰĳ·̧ͷֻͷƺȫıúڰһ㾮ڴСΧȫ뵽˺ڰС
ʲô
սѪħͻȻݺݵس·ȥ
ŭƣ
䣡
ǰĿռ䣬ͻȻһ˿ƺһռҪһ㣬⴦ɫĲǰչ˽֮ٴλػָ֮ǰģ
ɫʼѿ
ٺ٣һн㣡
ЩľеشȻͻȻݺݵسռĵطȥ
촸ȥɣ
һԵͻȻоһԴΣգתԭһ֪ӣɫһã
ʩչǰĶֱˣͻȻʼڻˮһĹʧһѾǰ
һˮͻȻǰȻںϣγӣһǰԼϾҪµشɫһƣܿ죬ֻ첲˲һˮţԣɢĵĹʡ
ۣ
һȭྐྵȻ谭סУһѽץ˳һԶȥ
Ǵе𿴵ȴֻоǰһ̶Ȼط·˲ʯһ˲Ȼ£ȻԼǰͳӰԷһץסԼȻ˶һࡣ
䣡
޴Ȼ£Ȼһ˲·ҡ˼£һ޴ͻȻֱ֣ӱ˳ȥǿĳ̲סһѪ˳
صˤڵأ˲ϵƣȴͻȻ֮ǰԼվĵطѾʧȡ֮һԲʮ׵ľ޴ӣԭΧɭȫԷһĩ
ҲЩ𾪵ĿǰһУԼƺ͹˶Էʵ
ͻȻֵǰת˶Էһۣ¶һ˿Σա
ңҺ֮Ҫи˽⣡


ڶʮ 
һ紵ƬɢΧҲ֮ǰĵ䣬ϵĻǡ
쿴һһԵˣϵı鳹׵ıѿԭһʧʽ벻ȻΪһŮ˶׵ʧˡ
ɫЩԹĿһǰˣͻȻٴξشǰȥѾȫĲ˼˵ˣҪϧһдɱ
Сĵ㣡С˵ſеľ޴һĨء
ͷͻȻһͻȻһȭͷЦɫ壬ɫ⣬·һɫĵ
óĶüͷһ壬ƺЩ֣
ûлشԷĻͻȻһ죬ǰǵһٵС
𾪵鷢ˣͻȻʼʯһķѣһƬƬСذףÿһȫһС룬飬·ܼһǰ
ϴԼ˶Լ
˫ͻȻһȻеͻȻ৵һȫŰڳһֳǰ಻٣һƬ
ͻȻ۾Ȼǰһȫʧռһƺ뵽˾ԵĺڰУ𽫴󲿷־ɢΧĿռУģΧĻʼ𽥵ı
ľ࣬Լˣȫ𡰿ԺС
ͻȻ¶һϸ΢Ļȣ˫͵سſһƣ

һƬǳ۾һѸٵĳԶ칥ȥڶԷ˿̵;޴ټɫڰСһӰһ㣬˲ڶԷǰ
ۣ
ۣ
·ǷˮУһƬƬδַʲô¾Ѿбꡣ

Щĺ˲쳹ɭ֣ԭҪʩչĿо޴ҲʧΪξ޴˿̾һӣеȫ׼ĲڣңΪ½ӲĽټ˽Щĥļޱȣԣ˵ֱ絶жһס

˲ϴʹ˫ֵԼǰԼ۾ȴڲϵ
ԷѾʱû˷˫һУѾԷ˲䴩͸Է壬Ȼһ༯ϵǰɫĵĹâ
ͻȻϵСջָԭĴСһб˼򵥵ˡ
ŭ
䣡
һ죬еһѾ޵ȥһԵǸһͻȻ֣Ȼ˵һ࣬˿һȴصıನȥԶ
˿Щ⣬ȫȫһϸСѪӣ֮ǰĹ˷ú
˸մӵվȴѾһѺĵԼĲϡ
Щŵ̧ͷһۣеɱʱһͻףǻɱԼģ
𲻡Ҫɱң
ȫһҲҶԼ΢һͻᱻȻһԼ
ôˣЮһһ֪佫ȨС
ͷ˶Էһۣһ˿⡣
һɱɣ
㲻ɱңɱңڤһ֪ʱڤڿ¾ͻĶǼ嶯ˣѵﻹܹȵǼ𣿡
ȫжԺȴһ˼ŶԲߡ˼ǰҲֻּߡ
еɱɢԷûҲĵģԼɱڤڤҲĽּҸ壬ԼڵʵԶԿڤڡ
ı仯Ҳ֪ԼղŽĻϷæȴ𣬡ֻ֡ҪɱңεҾԲκˣһȥ֮һȰɲּΣ
һ۶ԷȻ֪Է˿̵ĻţȴԼĲܹɱ
뵽ͻȻһ˿У׻ʵԼʵڤ֮ϣֻܹǯƣԼӵžԵʵĻ񻹻ᵣЩɱ˱ǣ
뵽ɫͻȻһ䣬֪һŸոɱħˣɣ
Уǡ
һԵĻͻȻڽһܵԲΣգֻùԹԵı챣ֳĬ
̧ͷһ֪Լǲħ˵Ļ»ЩΪĵĴӻͳһɫħˡ
һѶһȷûʲô֮ĶŶԷ
죬ηŹ㣬ǲֻĶԹȥڤڣǵҶҵļ嶯֣ʱƴҲشڤڣ
ǡǣæͷӦ
Щĵĺһûı֮ǰ
ЩǱӴ뿪תһɫЩѿ
ľŹǣ
ε¶һ˿Цڴɱһǵɾͻҵļ֣ڸԶԿڤڣ
İɣһһὫڤ𣡡
һͻȻӿ޺ͦصգϳš
ЩĿû뵽꾹Ȼһ˲ӵ˴־
ŵͻȻЦȻֽеħ˵ݵ˶ԷǰӦûûħ˰ɣ㣡


ڶʮһ 
ٴɽԭһҹĹ㳡ٴα϶˸˹㳡ΧٴγΪ˵ĺ
ʸ岻Ǵʿľ԰Ϊι۵ˣ˻ʼҵľӣֱɽɽ´ǧǰȫ÷أֱΧȷЩڵİȫ
һֿı֣ͬҲһ壬ЩҪԴʿʸҲһֲ塣
һѩͷع㳡һƬȽƫƧĽվãȻʼĳ֡
֪ҹĻ٣ûг֣ѩһֲı֡
С㳡ϴ˿ѾۼһЩˣЩѾǰѡ֣еֵģеǽոճֵģȫϥС㳡бĿ
˿Щ˾󲿷ֶУ󲿷˵ЩңЩˣɼΪ˻ħˣҲ˲ٵĴۡ
˿ܹǰЩһΪɣһʵΪ˱סǰ˳ģһҲռ˾һʵȽϿǰģԼžŵˣⲿȻܹɵĻħˡ
쿴ˣ
ͻȻ֪˭һ䣬˵ȫеһɭڴֻѾʼԼԼĿԿɭӰӡ
ৣৣৣ
Ӱڹ㳡У˵ҰУеɫţУеˣһıʹ
쿴ǻʸҵĻʸӢ
һԵĹһ۾ϳ˳ѡеӰǻʸҵĻʸӢʸܣ˿̻ʸܵɫЩѿҲЩңƺʲôѡʱһԵĻʸӢȻһ߰ӡ
ϯ̨ϵĻʸڿԼȫȫ֮ĵһɭбҲ޷֤ÿһ˵İȫοıʹһʡ
٣ҺͽڵҲˣ
ڴҵ£ڴȻҵ뽣ڵҲ˳һӣ֪һＫпܳɹˡ
ףΪʲôûˮأҼǵˮѡƺǽɣǸŮأ
УΣѡֲѡȵʵ˵֮˵ͬЩмı죬ƺԼֻ֪ɫʮֵĲм
ѩЩǵż⣬߽ضһԵڴС㳡еѡѾĲˣ֪δ֡
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ѩЩĵ˫ֽ֪߬Ѿ˺ˮ
ΧɨһۣûпӰ֪ΪȻĵĺһȻûκε֮࣬ǰԼ˿ԥһ࿴ԼʱеĮ
֪ܹȫķأض޼ԼƽʱУŬӽڹؼͷԼȻƲ¶ԷһŮӣѡԷԼкӡŹ֡
࣬ԹңԹԹԼùɣͻȻ˵ͻȻЩź̾һϧˣûŪ֣
쿴ˮСŮ
ͻȻ֪˭һȻȫתƵڴһٻӰ߳ˮ࣬Ӱ߳ʱϯ̨ˮ˲ĵĺһеĵġ
û˵ķӦһ˰ߵ㳡У͵߹ĿǰֱӽԷ˿Ȼ߹ȥվһĽС
Щ͵Ŀ߹ȥгȣ߳˵ʱΣա
ĴͻδţһӰٴδڴ߳Ȼ󻺻ؾߣ˫ֱԴ˹ȥߵ಻Զһطͣ£˫δ˵
֮ǰΪı˵лֻİţ˴ʱ䣬ǰн˹㳡ȻһŽ߽ʲôҲûз
̧ͷһȺǹʵ̫࣬Ҳûзѩλã֪ԷһܹԼԣЦЦתϯ̨
ϯ̨ϵѩ迴𳯺֪ԷԼͻȻһЦ˳ֻҪû¾ͺãǷеĵġ
ϯ̨һ࣬վڹϯУһȫһ꣬ضС㳡ϵ䣬ƺ޲óȥҧڡ
Ǹô죿һڤڵһλ˵û뵽Ȼһ
ҪǶĴһͬ⣬ȵһȵˣֱӽԷ󻼣
ڤڵĳϵͷҲһ˿ɱ⣬ӳɳ̫죬ȷã
ڹϯһЩƫԶĽ䣬ΧӵͬﾹȻճһСĵԸΧˮйͨҲԸŲһԭվλ·Ů
ŮôվǣȴһõĸоΧ̲ס˼֣ƺֻҪԼվһͻеˣ
ֻվԶĵߴţֻĵһȴȻò١
ŮƺȫûзΧ˵ı֣˫ӯӯڱǴһĨЦӯӯĻȣ߽ضųһͦεӰ
磬벻Ȼ


ڶʮ ɽ
Ǻǣλʱѵڿʼٻѡ֣ʹӵħˣǶΪ̭
ϯ̨ϵĻʸ컺վΧ㳡ɨһۣȻ˫ѹѹԭĹ㳡ʱð
˸λҪеľǼħˣΪĹƽǽӻʸңңˮиһϣȻɼţ˸ÿһλѡеħˡ
ŻʸĻ£ϯ̨߳ĵӰǱȽ͵ˣվ㳡һı߽Ȼ󾲾ĵǰ
ˣλڽǻõħǰλ˰ɣܹ˵ʱͿֱӽɽˣҪٴѴһ䣬ļɵСѾɽԣҪСˣҪһɽͱԷץסˣ
ŻʸĻ£վС㳡Եһѡǰߵλǰӻͳһöɫħˣˡ
һλŻЩѪħ˼һȻ˵ϸ񣡹أ
Žħ˽Էѡִһڴһɽɽȥ
˵һˣȻеʮ˳еĳһѡʱǷһСĲ
һλŶԷħˣϵıЩЦã̧ͷһѡ֡
֮ǰħ˰ɣħ˵ħٱɱһˣ
˻һ㳡ʱЦ˶û뵽Ȼ˵ļƷҪǰħĳ
ԷɫЩ죬ЩΣΧڵĺЦɫͻȻѿ
ǵ׻᲻ῴҸոɭɱħޣ
飡
һ䣬Ȼѡֱӱϸ˳ȥ
ĳ֮ѵλϻΪ㣡һλ
𻺻ǰԼеħȥһϼһ䣬ͻȻЩȵһ
ȻħħһħˣСһﲻⶫ弶ħбȽѲħˣ
Ұˣ
һȭȻ󻺻תһԵڴһתɽС
һ뵽ɽ͸еΧЩ̫һ̽ȫľɢȥܿ죬ͷΣΧĿռƺһܼ֩һ硣
һɾʦ磬ԷȫĲٿЩ˿ߣֻҪڲ֪Щ˿ߣԷܹ֪̾Էλá
գ
һ벻澹Ȼоʦ
ԼȫɢȥԼϸѰһȻЩ˿ҳһȫͬ·ɽȥ
ǰԼеħ˼֮תɽոսɽڲ̴һһɫӰ
ԷϥڵأȻͷĳ˵
ɣ
˵鵽ʲôûУ
ѾҵˣԷͨɱֹ뵽ģֻܲ鵽ɱֹƣС񡯣
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ǣ
ӦȻһʧԶ
ЦһȻѡһ·ʼɽϳȥ
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һȭһѡֻڵأֱԷҲܹһɫװɨһΧȻһӳģһ֡
ߣ
ȵȫ뿪˵أĿռʱ뵽˰ֹ˽ӣӰŻشһһ֡
ǵ֮ǰѡһʮԱһ飬ֳ飬ԼֻҪСһ㲻ҪЩһˣ
˴㣬ʼĲٵĳɽɽȥ
ף
ô¬ࣿһԵһЩɻʵ
ٺ٣벻εѡоȻһʦҪǶԷҵӴҶֲ
ߣȥ
ӰٵĴ£Ȼּ
ּһӣͻȻ͵ֹͣüͷ۲һͻȻɫͱѿ
ֻһУڲǰľȻǻʸҵĻʸӢ⼸˵źɫµӰϳӶ
תȴһͬɫӰ׷һȺ˳߸Ϲ
ģô߳ˣ
ЩŭתӣϧЩˣԷѾӰһ˲һȺѡ־ͱϵһ䣬ʮɫӰΧ
ôǣ
ЩŭĺĶǻʸҵĻʸӢԼˮࡣѾڶαЩ˸ˮˡ
ʸӢû뵽ȻԷܻĻɫͻȻһ죬Щ˼ȷǶԷڶαˮˡ
һ߱ߵĻһ¶һ˿СɵĻȡ


ڶʮ ս
ʮɫӰΧһΧȦǰļѡָΧЩѹ֣սƺһ
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Ļ󣬼ѡֱ˴˶һۣȻһ˫ʵĿǰ˹ʮˣѡԱˣһսûгɹĿܣѡΪĻô־ֻһԷƣȻȫû
û
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Ҳûһѡͬ⡣
ʸӢȻûпڣǶԷѾս˱жԼ
ҲĶΧˣ׼ʱ
λΪ˱ֱĹĲöսΣһźµ˵
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ź˵һ£սһ˲䱬
ǱһԷж˲һԾֱӳһ˳ȥܹоĳ֮ǰþоԼ١
ԷȻֱӳԼһ˿ȣȭͷڿײȻһȥ
ĽżһȻٴγŶԷȥ
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ǽӴʮУеѹ⽣ͱƬѹ⽣ͻȻ֣һӵס˶Էȥ·
ȻĻᣬһԾеѪħԥһӶ£
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ջתһսȦΪֹûսԼòġ
ǱߣȥǱߵСӣ
ͻȻԶһԭڻսսȦ̳˳
һ㶣ˣ֮ǰһʮˣԼȴֻˣԼǰ˶ֱض˶Էע⡣ԷȻֳֽԼ
뵽¶һ˿Ц֮ǰԼЩʧˡ
飡
ʸһʸӢһȭ̧֣ͷܣͬʱˮҲ˶ֵľҲͬʱһѡֱԷŵˡ
ʸӢһܣͻȻԥڳΪ۵һ˽һˣǣˣԣԼӵĻ¶ԷûԼ֮ǰԼʸӢЩԥ
ȥˣҪٶȣ
ͻȻһһĨء
ʸӢһ˿ãǺǲãԼڻʸǶԱָֻŵĽɫʲôʱֵһָָ㡣
һ൹ʸӢЩȣֱӶԷȻĻһȥ
ߣʸӢͻȻһȻԼת뿪ˣڶԷȫǣеĶ֣ʱܸ˳Լ
ģŮ˾ǲɿһԼĶսʸӢȻֱˣ̲סֱӱֿ
༸˵ûٳߵڼһĸѡ֣һʵ֮ÿӦ˾Ȼûгκεƣ̬
ۣ
ۣ
ͬʱ˽ԼĶ֣Ҳһһ֣Ȼһǰ
˳һߵĻʸӢһ򵹵ѡ֮⣬ֻʣЩ׳ˣ
Цſһ࣬ϧԷȴܲӵתͷȥûᡣ
ЩڨЦĽתƵϣλкδ㣿
þòˣ񣡡
ͻȻһѡֿдĻȴ׵


ڶʮ γ
񡱶֣һͣЩ˼Ŀǰˣ׶Է֪ԼΪصɱݵġ
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һ㶣ܿˣ˾ȻҲɱֹļ֮һֻǵʱԼߣҽαװһ⼸ηԼģ
ϳҵģ
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һĿԼ͵һˣǵжĻпܻһ̭ԣҽĸҲЩһһСӣ
Ϊεѡһʮ˵֮䲻κεìܣֻҪ֮䲻κεĲ¼ɣŽһµĻֱӳ嵽ɽӦûκε⣡
Ļ󣬼һ㶣ǺܿЩĶ˵ʮеϾαһʮ˿Χÿ˵ĻֻҪ̭ˣǣĸһСӵĻѹͻСֱܹӽɽļҲӣ
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˵һ£ٴνתƵһϣҪԷ
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ͷɫЩ˼ĵ˵ͷͬ˶Էľ顣
ܺãȻǵСӾʱľˣǻҪѡһӳȻʱԼڲìܶ±̭Ļǵòʧ
ӳɣɱ֮еı֣ҷ㣡õĺӿܹһɱֳһɱȷʵס
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ͷûϽ顣Ҳǽʱתڵϵļˣ۾һתͻȻ¶һ˿Цݡ
˿ıЩ֣ǽǾ֪ʲôˡ
ЦǺǵߵһڵϵߣضһ޺Ц⿴ŶԷ
ԷƺЩ־壬岻ϵسǿ־壬ƺЩ֪룡
Ѿ˳ˣҪʲô
ЦĶԷļȻЦ˵ģҲɱģֻ㶫
Էһɻ󣬲ʲô˼ȴعͷˡ
λǴǵ·˵ֱܹӰȫɽ
Ļɱ۾һȷĸȫ϶Է·ĻȷԼٰԱĻ˵Դҡڵֱӳ嵽ɽ
˱˴˶һۣȻЦǺǵߵһһһߵһл·ȥˡ
̧ͷһ࣬˿̶Է¶ĿƺЩԥ
Ц̧ͷԷôˣ
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ЩεĽӹԷеĺɫȻһ˽һԵ֡
Էղ뿪ʱеĲԸε̯̯˫֣ȻŴһٴһһ֡
ȵȫ֮߳ǰûκεĲ죬ЦǺǵĿһ࣬Է˿ⲻ߽תƵһԣӻΪ
һΧŵļˣȻЦŴ˴֣λΪ˲й¶ǵܣ鷳һ£ģʱ䲻̫õģ
˵ǰһ廨󽫼ȫϣһһֱ֣һɫѿ࣬ЦŶһԵļ˵ͷ
˼λǳɣ


ڶʮ ɽǰľս
ɽɭָأһȺСǰţܹߵѾǱʵǻˮֻ֮Ҫܹڼּǰɽĺˡ
٣˵ˣȻǿڿ˵ƽҿǸЩĴֱ֣Ҳû˵˱̭
ι˵ֵܣɣȻԸѡμıǾ˵ѾʵȥЩɧԹǻεɽɣһһѡ̾һƺԼ˵ƽ
ҵȻ֪
ãһ˻δ껰ͻȻԵһѡͻȻˣ
ৣৣ
ͻȻɫӰ֣Ȼ󽫼˰Χһ
λˣǵϷ˽ˣ˵ͷЦ
ӣ
˲䣬Χļ˾ɢӴܣûκεս⡣

ʮӣսٴλָ˰¶ӳɨһڵϵļѡ֣Ȼ̧ͷһԶ
ѾĲˣֱӵɽڴһӻϣߣ
һȺѸٵʧԶֻ¼Բѵѡ֡
ٴι˼ӣԵϲŻس˼Ӱ
䵽ϣЩɨһܣȻŻյһ
ɽһֱӵˣǸǰ漸˵ӰӦÿֱӵɽ
ãǾֱӸȥҵҪνĿԱк˲𣡡һΪɱ֣Ĺﻹðأ
༸˶һۣȻͷãǾֱӸȥɽ֮ǧҪţǱһȫ֮ߣ
ȼʧֳ֮ٴλָ˰

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Ѿѡεһ㣬һʯ·һֻʰϣȻڶһֱɽɽ˹ɳƽ̨ɽ
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˿̣ʯ·¶ˣѾһЩѡֲϵĸǣЩȴûһǰΪɵҲܹоԼǰӰϢԼԶԿģ
ӰԽԽ࣬ɽƽ̨ʼȻɽĹڲɽ˶࣬ĴټһЩǰѡεȻɽΧ˸ˮйͨ
ৣ
һתֱַۣһ˼ɫӰɫĿԱҲʼۼ
һ˫Ĭû𹥻ȫվ˫ӪУȻ󰲾һطʼָ׼ӭӽվս
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ͻȻתƵ࣬˵ûɣ
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Ҳ˵еѡУҪֳ嵽ʮˣǸѡԸһ˼Ԫʦ
ڻȺΣͻȻС˵ڻԷȺУһʱͻϮ˵иջ񣡡
⣡ɵǻֱװɶԷ˳ȥʱ˵ڱͱһӣҲͬ
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֪ȻԼСϵĶӳΪɱȻܻԼüӣ˫Ǻϵѣһ·ȻҲԼľ飬һζķǵĻܻܿԷķС
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ڶʮ ɽۻս
Сģӣ
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Խѡ֣ʮ˾Ȼһ˵ӣȺУ˲俪ʼչ˽档
Ϊʵ̫࣬һ󲿷ֱԽʮ˳󣬳ѹصˣҲǳɽƽ̨ȥ
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ǺǣǻʸҵϹΣһʩչʩչΣǾʩչεĿͻᱻ޵ķŴΪʮǽʮѡ֣ܷɹͿǸԵıˣ
ɽһϯ̨ϵĻʸЦ˵һļҲȤĴűȫеˡ
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ǺǣΪεѡΰˣȻֵǻʸҿغأȻҪƯƯģʸ춼ЦЦһ̸ӡ
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ڶʮ 
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ͻȻ˫ϥڵأеˮӿڸ׵ļСʱЩƬΣͻȻһӼĸһֶĳ嶯

еļжŵϣȴһ޳ɣǵˣﶼûչ˺áֳԽ˵գƺҪǰѵ
ȴͷûнŸ׵Ľ̻壬·ٴλصСʱǶõʱС
ͻȻĸֳһ޴ħ޾צȻֱӴ˵ǰشɫһͣȻĿһƺ޵İ

С𡭡

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ԣѡΣ
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磡

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𻺻۾糹װԭԺлҲ𽥵ɢ
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ڶԷȴвջԼѾ׵Ĵĵߡ
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Ĵͨѡεѡ֣Լн˻ǰ滤Ĵ³ɽ۵һȥ
ƹǰƽ̨һγɽ֮ϵ֣һƽĺǰ
ƽԣˮ峺ȴףΪˮϲϷһɵİһ㵭ıɴһ档
էһۿȥƺûκε֮ԽǰߣԽԽĹǰ
ߣһ¶ȱ仯ǼˣǣһβԵĸоִ̹ǵĺ⡣
ֺⲢָ¶Ӱ죬һĵ׵ĳ׵ĺ⣬Խǰߣ˷·𶼱׵ı
ߵرϣ˲ŷ֣ΧһֲﶼûУһȦɫңֱԶ˼ʮ֮ſʼֲò˵Ȼʱĺ档
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վںرԵʸ˵˲ͱС
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ʸͻȻأÿһһҪԼѡҪĵȼ㣬о岻ʵʱҪ̷һ㣬ȻĻǿˮѹԵĵ»˲ΪˣĻǾͿԿʼѡ뺮ˣ
ʸĻ֮㿴ҿȴûվһԡ
ڴԥʱ򣬻ʸĻʸڵĳӢҵڤˮɺ˻߳һ࣬רһƽԼһ˿ӡǷУȻֽԷߵرߣ˴˶һۣͻȻԥһԾ˺С


ڶʮ 
ĴѾ½½ȫ˽ȥҲ𽥷ģʼһҧء
ɣôѵѡǶֹˣΪĲǽ뺮ôȴ˰ˣ
ͻȻһԵһһһȻԥ˽ȥ
ԷĻϵԥʧȻ͵һҧʼͨͨ
ϸ۲һأԼľȻܹ̽ڵĻ뺮ˮͻᱻԶķ·ˮһȻϣȻɢȥȫ
һطЩ૵ӵбٻ飬Ҿҽһ壬Ӧܹһĵ
һȷûʲô֮ŻǰӹƬԼһ˿ӡУȻŻرԵ
ǿ˼͸еһɺ͸ԼңЩ·ܹѰһ˳ԼĽŵһ·ϣ˲ؿڣϱһ㱡

͵һǰһȻһɾԪɢϵıȫɢ
̧ͷɨһԽʣΪļѡ֣һԾֱԾ·ĺС
һ뺮أ͸оһɴıֱӿȫ·һѰѵı׶һƤֱÿһ
˲佫ȫԪȫɢԼγһȻԪϣԼı档
ȻΧĺˮȻоһܵĺ壬·ʱԼ嶼ᱻ
еЩģȻܹΧһЩѡ֡
ԼѾڶ㣬㲻٣֮ǰѾмΪȫ̹ܲǵĺѡ˻ص˵һ㡣˻ƴĳ̽
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Ѿˮʮףĺ⣬ˮѹԼЩܹӰ쵽ǵѡ
һΧһϥԪţ֪ȫѡͣ˵㣬Ҵ˿Ѿʼ˲ܹ̹ܵǺ¹Ŀ졣
ˣڼȥĻԼֱӱɱг뵽
ٺ٣ȻǼֲס˰ûϵܹߵ弶Ѿʮֲˣ
ͻȻһԺ𣬻дһ˿ֻ
¶οЦⶼʲôʱˣ㻹ڿңϾҪˣ
˭кöƫƫҪԪŵģڿ˵
һ㶣磬ʲô취͸Ͻ˵ɣɲǿЦʱʱпﰡ
ʹķϣҾͰһѰɣǵϴθǿűٻǿ汦ؼΪȵĶ֪ΪʲôܹٻΪܹΧеľӣԣűٻȻֻҪܹЩ΢ͷųһ㣬ѵ㻹Щ
ǣҽ뺮زҪЩȫ赲Ļʧȥԭȵ壿Щʵ
㣡Խܺ壬ʱ˵ˣܱܲסδ֪ԣԽٻóٿΧĺصոܹܵķΧȻʼպڣﵽЧ
۾һͻȻʼȻĳһͻȻſ죬һŻɫӻ֣Χ¶˲˲٣ԭΧĺ׵ɢ˲١
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һ㣬ŷѾ׵ıûһƬȫֻܹΧʮڵľ룬Զȫı
̽ŽɢȥȻķһԼľȻɢ
ܿ죬ͷһȻ֪һж󣬵Ŀǰ֪һԼʮˣڶʮ֮⣬ĸҲɹǱ˵㣬ӲμѡεѡҲͬŸֵĴڡ
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ѩһ˰һһ˫ĻסСȣ°ͷŵϥ㶵ĳ񣬲֪Щʲô
֮ǰȻ߹Լڤɽ֮ɽȥѩ軹ѡȵȫĳܹ׵ķġ
Ϊѩò֮ǰѾкüǰڨûѩľܾˣ֮ǰԸƣ˭㹻ĿܣǸ߽ĵȥꡣ
ιλƯС㣬ҿ𣿡ͻȻһʮֳԵ𣬴ѩĶС
ԲҲϲ죡
ѩû̧ͷľܾǵڼˣ
ԷƺûѩĻڿѩߵһطһʮӡ
ŮŮŮΧĿ˵С˱ǣ
ѩЩ̧ͷɨһ۶Է˵ģʱһ˿ȡ
ѩǰҲʵЩ̫˵㣬ȫȫʵʵ·Ǳ˱һ٣
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ſʲôѩЩŵĺϽſȻĻҿҪˣ
ģС㵽ʱˣӺܹ񫰡ȻҲضˣ
ԷͻȻһѶסѩ죬ѩ˼£ջػ˹ȥ
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ٷϻֻҪܹץסǸСӣҲõĵַ
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һ˿˿ĺһζεϸ˿·ǾϪһͷ壬Ȼȫ仺ĸڲѾѪܾ硣
ʱ죬Ѿɵһ㱡֣˷·һɫı񣬶ϢҲڲϵؼ·Ѿȫʧȥ
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ʱ䲻֪ٴιȥ˶ãص弶һƫԶĽУɱͻȻһȻͻȻըϺıɢںС
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վΣһܣԼԺеľɢȻص弶λõ״̳ǰ
һĿǰѾʮˣǰ˳ˡ
ǵʵѾܽӽ׵ĵȼԶӦöǵĺôӦøһЩɣ
һȭһԼ״޼ԪʦʱпͻԪʦҲ˲ٵĺô
ٴΧɨһۣͻȻĽתƵ˵·Ŀռ䡣
ǵ߼𣿡
૵ͷϸ۲·״ͬǣ·ĿռѾȫıںһƬ߸ʲôĺڰ·ܹһУ˿һ۾ͻ᲻
ȴض·ĺڰ·һַĳԣо·ƺʲôٻ뵽徹ȻʼܿƵǰ߼׼߲㡣
ҡҪȥ
Щ͵˵ϵıľګȫܿƵǰ߽ȻͻȻһԾǱ˵߲㺮У˲ʧ˾ԵĺڰС


ڶʮ ߼֮µԨ
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ʸüͷ˵ܹоΧÿһϢЩϢʮϤĴĳԱԣǱ·ֻǴѡˡ
СӲ𣿵ȥѰ·ҵһЦ
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һôÿζʸüͷЩεһƺһʼעҪ˵ķͷ

û˵ۣ˿ڼ׹Ȼչƺȫʧȥʶ
һ·׹ֱӽ߼أΧʧɻɵڵһƬڵĻߡ
ղڵ·ĺڰɨӣȴͻȻħһƺǱʲôȫԼƵǰ߼ȻûκԥһԾ£ȵֵʱѾȫܿˡ
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ڵĹǷһ䲻ƮĻ磬ƺʱϨĿܡ
˿Χĺ⣬˽߲̻ᱻǰĺڰ·һжܹɣǹҮᱻ𽥵ɴ
ÿµһ㣡ҪĻ²ϵĥҪܾϵĴݲ޾Ĺ¼š
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ڣĳһ̣建ͣڰĵصֻǰıٻ鷢İߡ
ĵĵƹ⣬Ե꣬޾ĺڰ·ʱ䶼һֹ̾ˣеһٴλָƽ
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ԷǿһڵϵȻƮƮһ̧֣˸
תһȥΧĺԷʱȻ˲ˮһֿʮ־棬Ųǰ˯ڿнظ˱㻺ʧ˺ڰС


ڶʮ 
һΣΧûйû·ԼֻܹϵĳǰܣһֱһֱܣǾƣҲҪǰܡ
䣡
ԺеӡͻȻȻݣȻ͵۾ͻȻԼ˿̾ȻһЩصĶѨ
Ѩе¶ůģ֣һĶڴ澹ȻǻɵĺءЩˮ·ʲô谭һ㣬ھѨſڵʱȻһתȻԶƵʵһߡ
ĶѨ
૵һû뿪أԼӦǽ˺еĳһλãֻǲ֪Լνģ
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ظԼȷʵû˵ʱʵ̫Զˣʹ˿ҲᱻܧûʷĳС
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һ㶣ⲻԼϵıٻԴӻԺһֱδҵ벻ȻڶԷС
ȻǿеĵǣЦŰ˰֣صģ˽ϼһ˵ѵһСĶɣ
ЦһӣǰӻƮȥڿУһһףһһ䣬á
ҿźҲһ㣡˻һȥһѣ
ͻȻĿ𣬡û뵽꾹Ȼܹһ֪޺ˣ벻֪ʲô
·ǶеڴͻȻһЦ³ĸ֡
ħ


ڶʮ 
ħ
ظһ飬ƺЩ̫ףΪħ
ƺеɻ󣬽ԼΪԺĶһҲѾ塣˷ܣʱ򣬺Ҳһһ̵ģҲԵÿɰ
ÿһжסһħħƹһвõĶɱ¾Թ̰һгݡÿһ˵ħָͬҲħɱ¾ռƣħ̰ռƣԣЩҪĵصǹжǿˡһƽʱԼѹסһǻɽ緢һ㲻ʰ
˵ÿ˵ħͬħĳɳɳҲľйأҲҰйأȻ㱾˵ƶӰ쵽ħĳɳħķǽĵ׵Ķѣħͷ·ÿһǱ󻯼һ˲ʵǣ
ħһ㣬ħǶԼкģÿʹһΣħͻıʴһΣʹõĴԺ󣬺пܻᱻħƿأӰǣȻ󽥽ʧȥңΪħĿܣ
ħͷ·һУȻղ԰Σħ֮ǰǿţԼԲٿħǱħʴ֮˾ͻᷢ츲صı仯ٸ򵥵ӣһͣħ޵ɱ¾ֲܹܺõĿĻôΨһĽǴΪħĿܣձƢ䵭ɱ¾޶ȵħˣҲ˵ѾԭԼˣ
һΣղĿ飡ΨһҪľܲĲٿԼħϷȫħһ˽꣡
˵ͻȻ֣δͬ⣬ֱӽưؿϡ
оһǿԼûУŬҪȫûһԼ·ȫһε̶סˡ
ţߵĿʼ˸һʱͻȻоһɹɾӴľԪӿ壬ȴδԼеԪܣƺʲôˣԶγһСռ䡣
ϡǡЩΣԼûоǷħأԷȻֱǿӸԼ
еĲȶɢŻõ֣˿ؿλȴһʽŹֵͼ
ӡǽ⿪ħΨһԿףͬʱϷ򻹽ʣһԪ˽ȥȻڵʵܹΪãҪٿʹӦòѣ
ϷһΨһСһҲˣҵѾҪȼˣʣʱĲˣԣҽһȫ㣬պǲħĻϸоԼӵһӴԣҪҪѡħⶼҪԼѡˣҪϷнʧΨһԸˣ
ͻȻĵĶͷϣһϢ˲ӿĴԡ
һУߵƺٴ͸˲٣ղŸħĹԺ᲻ѡħҶҪ㼸㣡
һڵʵʵ̫̫ˣǧ򲻿ȫ򿪷ӡǿ˲䱬
ڶһѡħǿŵεؽٿԼУҪħʴã
ԺħĻѰһλˣ׹Ҫ׹ʧϷΨһԸˣ
·һĵͷһԼؿͻȻһȭͷСĺɫӡǣӡǳâͣǿһۣͷ·ܹоơ
СһŸոտʼԣŬɣҵӡǣţҲѾûмˣõৣҵҲʼ𽥵ȼմӡǰɣҲ⽫Ψһʣһ֤ˣ
˫ֽԷݹӡǣͻȻ˫ϥһ䣬ڵϣسŶԷͷ
ǰεĲѪɱ飬̸δйĶ
߰ĿԼͷȻЦŵ˵ͷϷȻûҴˣħǿľƿħͬģ׻ԼֻҪеԶδôʹǿ籩꣬Ȼ㣬Ȼ
Ϸľǿԣһɣ
˵ĵ㴥ĶͷϣһϢϸһ㻺ӿԺ
췣߽׾ʹʱУ췣أΪֹľˮ޵£ÿһֹһֹǿľϰ˹͵ȼʣ


ڶʮ 
ȷ˵߼أ
ɽɽ֮һƽ̨ϴΧ£ŲӰλϵĻʸĶŸոմӺĶӡ
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ʸͻȻһóƣһԼŮʸģ˿Өɫϵһ˿ɫڵޣʮãʱпʧ
ʸһģҿƺȻȫ
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ѵǸСڵ߼ˣϧ˺õһӣ˵껹һһԵĻʸ졣
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ʸİ˰֣ĹǴһµģѵҵڳ𣿡
ңʸӦ
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ʲô˵ҽⶫ֮ĺؾʧȥԭã۾Ĳ˼飬ǰһһžӨ͸Ծʮӯ·һ㡣
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ڽ㣬ĺû˺ģȻὥɢȥҲ˼꣬ͻһͨĺֻʱ򣬿Ѿʧˣ
һеĺ飬һڣ벻֮͵ɽᣬԾ׺ؾȻϹǿӷĺ
Ȼ֪ԼĺͻأǺص͸ԼģңԼôòƲûд
汦Եߵ֮ȻǰԸ⽫ⶫ͹ˣ
Ǻǣˣ⴦ԭЩһʹôǻʲôñԹģϷ򴳵½ʮ꣬ϲ飬ҺˬȻЩŤŤӸڣļ֮ˣϷʹϲɱ˱ǣ
ͻȻһ˿ĺ飬Ȼͬ˵л·棬ȷһΪԼģһֳ赱ޣ֮һֿ쵶նĿУ
ٺ٣Сһȥ֮ǰϷһ
ͻȻصЦЦȻ¶һ˿ԴЩЦݡ
Էı飬̾һ˿䣬һ˽߾Ȼ¶һ˿Цݣʵ񺮣
Դϣ߼أղѾ֪ˣһ˴˺أֻԷ˿Ѿ߻ħˣ
߻ħ˭üͷ룬òԼûʶڵ߲㡣
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ȻǰеĻȻȥˣʦѵߣǴĵ𾴵ġ
صҡҡͷȻЦ˵֮ԭĺԣ˵ȷŶЧŮԱټҵĺˣԷƺҪ˳ȥһԾףһС⸱ģ
ֱɫζںռȻͻ־壬ֻþһЩԼ֪飬履ݲУʹǵĥʱϲõһУ
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ɫԽԽѿ˫ֽսЩš
ǰ˼ǡ
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뵽˵Ļһ鴤֪ԼʹڵˣòҲУ˭ӵһſΧȻǾܶû˻סǰջ󣬿ң⻹ڼȻбˣ
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뵽֮ǰ˵λ߼صŮӣƤһȻ̹ǣգȻеһġ
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ȫãͷõķҲ𻵣ĺڷɢ˿̶Էɫͨ죬ƺʲôԼ尾顣
ܹϸĻܹ˿̵Ļʸ˫Ŀͣɫľƺ뵽ĳһֻþȥˡ
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ȻԼжЩ̫ܿƣǻʸ־ܿͲ˳߸Ŀ꣬ƺԼ
ৣ
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ƴȭһɢµȭΧһըΧˮҲӰ쿪ʼòƽ
ԷȻͻȻ˫һա

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뵽ͻȻһʳһԾ𣬷ʸѹ£¾ͽԷ˺һ⣬ûʱǰ壬һӾſȥ


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ʸڵԺǷǾ仰
δҲһжԹʱԵǰлҵĵһŮˣһḺģ


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ڤͻȻһǰɫĳԷ˿ܲˬ
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ʣµļ˶һۣȻԼͬĳϷȥ˲˴ٴλָһƬΨһͬǣ¶Ҳû֮ǰ

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ڣһӰȳˮ棬㳡ȫ߼е˶Էϡ

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ܽ߼أʸɫɵһ죬¶һ˿˼Σܿͱ˹ȥ
ضŻʸҡҡͷȻת̧ͷͷһԵĺرߣ˿̻Ӱڱ˴˶ţ
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ڤͻȻ֣˵һĪĻ
Щɻʼ磬ʾ֪Է˵Щʲô
ڤЦҪΪװɵҾͻ᲻֪˵ϵĶгʲôһ֪
ڤͻȻȥȻýܹС˵飡
һͣЩ˼ĶŶԷз츲أԺ𾪣ܿ죬Էɫ׵ıȻ׶Է֪ԼӵкģڶԷһھ˵˳ôֻ˵ȷȷʵʵ֪ˣһסԼôԷ˴εĿľͱòԶˣ
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ڤĴ˻һȫ˵Ŀȫе˻ʸҵĻʸϣɫ죬ʸɨɨȥ岻Զ
㡭ʸЩĵʵԼ汻Ǹһ۸ˣԼǵɣ
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ʸͻȻ̧ͷЩصĿżˣλʲô
еĺȷ𽥱ʮϡ٣Ŀǰƺʲôеĺȫˣȥò˶ãؾͻһͨĺʱؾʧȥԭڵ壡½üͷ˵
ĻɽҲûдڵļֵˣһܹĺػ˭Ϊһ
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ȥһɽͲҪٰˣѾûоٰıҪˣ
ʸɫͻȻѿתЩɻĿǰˣڤ֮ǰ˵λС뺮ؿݽйأ
ڤһȭĻʸ峤֮ǰںǰһﾹȻ͹Ļʸһӵ߼سȻصĺȫһգԣһɺصĿݽ߿һйأ
ʸɫЩѿʵ
ʸû뵽׾ȻԼֻ֤ǵڵ߲ʱ컵һˣ֮⣬ĻǵñĶ
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μɽԭǽ뺮պ壬ôѵΪλֵܶһֺǾҪ˼ҵĴȻǺôȨ
˻һʱ㳡ĺ䶯ȫ۷׷ף󲿷ֻⶼΧĴ˵棬ΧĴЩѿȴû˸
ʸ֣Է˵ȷʵеûȷ֤ݣ֤λСֵܵĻЩףڵ½һվԼĹ۵㡣
ˮҲĵ˵ͷͬ˶ԷĹ۵㣬ʸ쿴˶ѡ˷ԼǿƵĻ»ЩɲԱĲֻİ˰֡
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ʸûκĻνʼ磬Ȼת׼뿪
ȫѡ˲׷һҲóϷ׼뿪ʱȴڤסˡ

Щɻתüͷһڤ׶Է˵ʱסԼʲô˼
һк飡ԴˣڤͻȻý˲ܹС˵
ȻһͣЩ˼תһڤ˻棿
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תɫƽתһǰˣѾ׼׼ʱͻΧĴ㡣
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ĶŶԷȴźۼĽСӲʶ峤֪סСк£
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ʸ˻һۣӶԷпĻɣڳļûһͿģȻε׺«ﵽʲôҩ˼ҼȻôˣԼɵĻֻ϶Ϊһİ꣬һʿɣɲ㣬ڳûб˭Ҳ㣡
ˣһϴҴץǵʱ򣬾һҩʦǸͽһҵʱʸҵĻʸҲڣ֤
ȻԼ͸ݵһȴ֪ԼӦվһߣԣվѡ˰Լ˵һǿ֤ˡ
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ԭ񹤻㵽ⶫֻԷһû뵽óˣ
˵ͻȻԥĽеĵһȥ


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һȻžȥһڤͻȻͣ½ŲЩɻעŶԷƺڵȴʲô
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ԼһֶӣŸоȫԼգ˫֣оеĳӯͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⡣
߼Ԫʦ𣿹Ȼǲͬ죡
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֮ǰʵ弶ԪʦѾҪͻȭʦҲЩֲʵӦôڰ˼ԪʦĻϡ
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δأ
һĳӢͻȻ˵ȵڵĵȫɻĿʱ򣬳Ӣȴڽˡ
˲䣬ڤ˫ͻȻһţ·ͻȻһźĶʱЩá
ڤ¶һ˿ЦݣȻ̧ͷǳһ˿ΣյĻȡ
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ڤͻȻһŵ棬żڵ˲ȳһӣȻٵĳȥ
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飡
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ڤͻȻһ߷ɵеȻ˲䱻һε˿УڤһԾ˲ȭһȭԴ
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飡
·Ƕߵķݣ˲䵹ɳȥݺݵصڵϣڵ˦ȥԶȻصײһʯͷͣʱһ
˼βŻѪӿЩֲŲЩƮڵϲϱ任˼νŲŬͣ£̧ͷŬۣ߽ضŶڤ
Ѫֻ̧𣬱˦ɵԶѪħɻأУ˵ƲſʼЩ仯
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ʨŭ
߱ƣ
ڤǰͻȻһһʨ˵е˲ײһ

צŭһƺжԼʮֵĲһǰʨ˲併˲٣һִη̬£Ȼֱӻǰʨ壬ݺݵײڤϡ
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ִӿռָͳһѹԪЩǻָԪĵҩ֮ǰĮǵʱ͸ԼģļսУЩҩǰԼСæ
ҩڣڵĽţоŵҩĸоԼ𽥻ָԪԷġ
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˿һһ㳡ΧԭǴſֵȫЩ𾪵ĿǰһУһԵĺɨһۣȻٴν߽ؼеǰԼ仹ҪСϡ
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ϵʵûзӦ׷ʲô飬ԭΪˣ峤ǰ𲻿߹ʮС
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½ϱЩ࣬ԽԽŲԤڵķչˣһѾЩͷˣھȻٴγһģ֮ǰǵĲ²ûԷȻЩôʸ֣ҪҪ֣
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˿̵ɫЩѿԵγˮ߽ضǰղԼֵ꣬ȻԷ˵ᣬȴӶԷϸоһ˿ΣյĸоȻ֪ԼΪλĸоȷȷʵʵĸоˡ
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һֻͻȻȥһȭʮ˵֮ǰһĻôһĺŭһȻʮ
һȻһֻҲһȭѧŶԷӣ˵ȭͷڿٴ·ǽײ
飡
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ͻȻһȻ˫ֶѵһһΣͻȻһŹâƺž޴
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ǣٴγϣ޼᲻ݵԪĸ첲֮ȻһڽϵײȻֻоڷ飬Էĸ첲Ͻ¶һ˿ССĺۼ
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ͻȻһЦȻһȭؿڣҽһļɽУʱһ
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ϸĻܹĲ֮ͬѪȵ¶ȷ·ҪڻһУ׵ȻҲڲϷڣжһеļ¶˸еĵ׷
ǰڵĻɨһۣȻ˫ڶҲ·ڡ

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飡
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ɫһ岻ϺˣųԼ
Ȼ˻Ĺǹ㳡ΧԭڰΧһȴ꣬δǷӦӿкХȻ·ÿһжΪͱ˱

һգ۵Ĺ򣬹㳡оͳʮٶȲǰܵϳȥ
ͷһ۵ϱɱˣһ˿أ˫ͻȻˣȻѸٻӶһӴĹȦ֣Ȧв˸һɹľľ޴
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Ȼ˫ʹһգеͻȻڶβͣһ޷˵̬ŶԷȥ
Ԫܣ
и£ͻȻѸٽӦٴβһٶԽԽ죬ռںΪһ壬ֻһһһξ޴Ĺ£˲Ͽ֧ŵԪײһ
ûеĴըںϺȻ˶ԷĹУԭһ˴СĹܿʼ仯һҺһ䶯տʼͣһգ۵Ĺʹ˽ףҿ̬ڲϵı任
ϵıЩʹ࣬ϵźˮ䣬һȣ̣һ䣬忪ʼðź
֮˼־Ľ׶Σ˫ֶԹܵĲٿҲʼ΢
еĹͻȻٴα仯Ȼ·һѸٵʹƺʱбըĿܡ
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ʸͻȻڴһȻ˫ϯ̨ǰʩչһ޴Ĺ֣ϯ̨ȫ
ˮٶҲ˫һӴĹ˲֣ȫ
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һ챬ը˲Ȼ޴ĻȻ㳡һɼ뼫֮˲ɽɽ
˼ЩҰף֧סûе£̧ͷ֮ǰըĵطȥѾûϵӰ


ڶʮ ڤ볡
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ƺʲô飿
һȺȫͷɽ˿ѾĳããһƬ·ɽͻȻһѩҪǣѪѩоȻһѪһ޺ɫ
Щ̫Ծǳ˱仯һȺɽ߰š
ѵǽ뺮صѾˣ˿ڽбһЩɻֵԼǰ̧ͷԶɽۡ
ƨûĳѵͱд߳ô𣿡ԵΪ߲мƲƲ죬˵ҿɽһǷʲôʣ
ٺ٣Ȱɣ˵ܹʲôҲ˵

ǿ˾ͻ֪ʲôһɹŨŨĺںĻ˾ͻȫһ㱡ֵǣҪڲȴһһĳȣ·Ҫȼһ㡣
ۣ
ʸ½ͱ̲ͬʱջ˫֣ɵľ޴󱣻Ҳʧղŵıըһʹñѣ뵽ѺĺƤ˶Щֺ
ڵȫͬʱһȻ̽תƵһԵĳУ˿㳡ѾƻĲӣԭڹ㳡ԵۿЩѡִ˿ѾӵɽһߣԶԶĶеվϣǶһΪȫĵطĵĴߡ
˿̵Ĺ㳡Ѿܹ֮Ϊ㳡ˣ˵һŵӰеĻڲϵʹеֱӻ˹ȥղŵһֱشеĻ
˿֮ǰűըĵطĵѾʧɢеһ׿ľ޴ӶΧѵʯһȥԶѺ۶ʾţղﵽ׽һôĿĵս
ӵײһЩã˺۵ʬ·ʯУһֻǴӶԷЩвܹԷδ
飡
ʯһӰ֮ǰսǣղŵսֱӽʯУھʮԶĵطҳǬҲʯ˳
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ͬʱھʮ׵ĿУӰƯڿУ˵ıȫһԽ׳ľ޴򣬳ãƺԪ鹹ɣҲΪܹڿУ˿˫Ųͬ·Ρ
Ƥ˶·ɨ˼飬ȴһ仰δ
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ЩɥʧǵĿǰļˣһĨεɱ⡣
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ٺ٣СһȻƻһ氡ķʽϲ
վںһ࣬ȫɨһۣȻ̧ͷ˺гˣ뿪
ߣûôףˣ
ϴһĨں޲ֱӳȥֽǳ׵Ҷ档
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뿪ûܹң
˵еı΢Ȼٴʧ֪ص
ٺ٣峤ǿԺ
ЩŵʱͻȻһЦȻԶɽʯϣ߳Ӱ
ǰǸһʱɫͳ׵ıѿ
һﻹ겻ɢ
˵ǽȴ͵һͣЩ𾪵ĿŶԷһˡ
˿ڤڵĳ֣ٴڤڶе˿̣ڤڵ˫ֲһŮ
Ů˿ȫĽʵʵϸ滨꣬һ㳡ͼеһߵϡ
Щ𾪣ƺеЩ˼顣
ѩѩ裡


ڶʮһ 
ѩѩ裡
ͻȻվֱ߽ضһӰԷ˿Ұףǻһ˿Ѫң˫Ǳסˡ
·˺ѩ軺̧Щ㲵СԶǵ˺۵ʱѩ˶ʱü
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ԵڤڻͻȻһקѩͷҪǰק˻ѩΪʹ
ס֣
ɫ׵ıѿͻȻתƵһԵϡ
ѩܵκε˺һֱڤڣ
첻ΪЦЦҲѼӣֻʣӲˣѵ㻹ΪܹŴ뿪𣿡
ȫȫЩֵĴǰʮ˵Ĳ֮ͣЩ˵ʲôԷƺС֮ǰжԹ
û뵽鷢չﾹȻͻ״ٴеĲ룬ԷֵĻôСҪȫĳɽǲܵˡ
ͻȻֵʮɨһۣƺЩ˵ʲôˡ
ǡ
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վһЦǺǵĶϵЦݾԼж⣬ֻȴѾˡ
ģһȺͰȫȥ˾Ȼһ˶ûʰԭΪܹǽ赶ɱأȴ˼ҽҸļȮ
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ɫЩɻ󣬲׶ԷΪεֻҪҪκζҲ˼Щʱ˲࣬ԼλϣĶҵһЩˣսսﲻʲôæ
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ЩҧгݵĺΪϵ˿ٴǣһ鴤
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̧ͷŴȺ߳λߣ˵Ȼ࣬ȴԱ˴˵ӡԺ̡
һ׹Ԩʱ򣬵ʱֽɱˣʱҲЩ˵С
ɫĿǰ꣬βסɱ⣬ʹˣȻԼ𺳡ǰһֳһЩ𺳡
һμʱʵԨĹʱԡһ꣬ûκεѧ߱ʱԼǹһֻ־ܹ
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Ǵڤɽսбֳʵ׵ľڤڣңû뵽ǣԨȻԷһֱϡ
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ӲȻĻպ󶨽Ϊڤܵͷ󻼣
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ٴαΪսѾظڵĴϢǻһ㲻ɤдľ޴ʹЩҪѣεĸо
ض˶۽ǵ˿ڣѪ۽˵˫۱ͨ죬쳣ˡ
սپ㣡
ϵĻδ£ͻȻʧԭأٴγֵʱѾǰ
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飡
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Ļδ꣬һʯͻȻһЩͳ졣
ħ״̬


ڶʮ ħ
ԼʯУҶԷ춼ûжϲĵغһ
ͷһȫ˿ڣϲӿһĨŭ֮ǰΪԼټͻȻϮͻȻըһƬȫϡ
һȫ֩Ѫ˳ѪȾһѪˣЩģֻҪˣܵʲô
һû°ɣ
Ķ·ͻȻһʼĳκεĻҲлȥ
ٺ٣ǸһѾ֮ĩˣ²ˣϴһĨЦŪǲԼҵӿ¾Ͷˡ
ң۽ĽΣɽϷҲͨڳĹڿдȥԣҲ⼸ܾܵҵ档
ϯ̨ϣʸɫƽĿǰսʵϣսеѾ˴̫𺳣ƾСС䣬ǽ¹˽գ֮Ҳ̴ʿԼΧĳ
֮ؽΪʿЩΪĴ˵
㣬ôˣɫôôѿ
ʸϴ˷ܵɣղһȭ䵽ʯȥʱĺ˳ȴķԼɫȻЩҰס
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ܵʸҵ༸ҲߣȻ˿̻ʸɫҰף亹˫߬ţƺž޴ʹࡣ
á
ʸӢЩĵסʸ˫֣ȴȵķִ˿̶Է˫ֱоȻȫǺˮ
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˫ϣ֮仮ѩƯỬĴУʱһ飬һ˿а
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΢㣬ֳŵأǲϵصѪһһεڵϣȴ·ȪˮصںС
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建ԭԡĵطҲʼ·涼Ҫһ
ڰգȫ·ڲϵ䶯һڰһ
ΪһĻˣһֻ־Ȼʼ˱仯ǲϵı䳤Ȼ·Ƿ͵һѸٵ
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ֱ۲ͣ˿ѾܹΪֱۣħ޵֫Ե·ڳž޴ʹ࣬岻ϵ֫ƽ죬Դǵʹ·˿̵ı顣
ŴؿڿʼӿߣȻ·ѪһѸٵӣȻֱӴؿڣֱգջ㼯ұγһЩֲļͼ
ȳɢڿеŻֹͣ˱仯һȫ̬˵ҰС


ڶʮ ħ
׳ɫâĸ첲泤ָָףұͼͨ˫ۣϢ·ԵԨǿ˿ħ
ƮƮԿ䵽ϣ˫أ𻺻̧ͷɨһȫͨ˫̲סȫһһָղűϵĸо
˿̵Ѿ֮ǰǸ㿡ʵ꣬˸һɱ֮·һ˲ͱһˡ
䣬䣬·һ麮пκεͷ·Ǳһ˴Σա
⡭
ϯ̨ϵ˱˴˶һۣһѾȫĸоϢˣ·ԭȵǸСһ˲ƾһ㣬ǰһ̺˸ܵҪ̲סĹ
ԣȷǹӵѾ׵Ĵеĳʶƹһ
һϵжٶ֪İ
һĴ򶨳ȶĽ½¶һ𾪵ı飬ɼ˿̵𵽵׸Щ˴˶𺳡
ƺʹĳطɣˮ̲Щȵ˵
𣡡
һֱδͻȻ˫һ죬ͷ­ŭһŭеħ𽥵ѣʼȫĲٿ塣
ҪҪ
һǿ˿ԺвϵظУעǹɾԪʼӿȻ˲ӿȫ˿̵ʵҲѸ͵
˼Ԫʦ
ʮԪʦ
弶
˼
һʣ

ãһʵȫ㳡ʸ쿴״̬֮һʼ΢΢Щ㶣ĳһϵɻѸٱһĨȡ
ϯ̨ļ˴ȵʸϵһαòһĨ壬һֲõԤС
ȫɽɽ
Ҳ̷Σɫ䣬Щ𾪵Ĵȫûƽ򶨳ŵɡ
ʸ֣ǡ
վϯ̨ǰأ˻ҵĳ룬ͬʱ۾ȴضǰĳУʱŶԷ֡
Ѿȫ֮ǰǸˣ⵽ǺֹΪλ˵İԵ̲壬Щ׵ĳ
ģ϶ǵһʲô˰
̧ͷվԼǰϵЩܹоԷдԼϢǹʹԼϣûκηĻᡣ
ڣŭֹͣϢڱ任ʵҲȶĳһױ𣬲ϵ
ͷһԼ˫֣գоһ̺˫һĨâ
˲ԥתӣĹѾȫûκεս֮ġ
ǰͻȻתӴܵϣ˫һУȻ׵ħ֣һա
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ͻȻһˤϵֱӴӿˤ¡
飡
صˤһʯУһѵͬʱ³һڻƬѪ
ٴ̧֣ȻͻȻʼ˲ϵ˦һżһٿڹ㳡ϴݺݵײϣɽϣϡ˿ϴ˿̾ͷ·Լһʹĳһطײȥ
㳡ͻȻ뵽һɹķΧУԭսսȦҲֹͣսȫߣûκεˣʱЩǵǴ˼˿ڣϵһ˿ɼǣѪⷭԷϲʵѪҺȻ߽ضųеΣЩ˼顣
㳡˿̳ڻҲϳļ֮⣬ֻǰһײӲʯϵ
ۣۣ
˿̵ѾûϢֻǳ׵Ļ˹ȥÿһײᷢһ죬ȻӶԷ³һƬѪ
ĳһ̣ͻȻͣ¶Ȼϵ˰Уͨұ˫۽ضŶԷ
ϻѾѪ۾ЩѵĿһſ˶ȴûнһ仰ǿʼڵѪ˶֪Ѿˡ
ƺûпеˣͻȻתƣȫɨһۣȻ󶨸һԵϡ
建תеϣħͻȻ¡
ۣ


ڶʮ һĶ
ۣ
ȭͷ£ȭ˵ע£еϾȻ˲䱻Ȼ󱬷һѪɢڿУֻһòʬڵϡ
ǿϣȻڿħк޻֮ղڴˣ
һ
üͷڹ㳡еɨһۣһĨء
ѵںлõʲôȻ˵ĲбԵ
Ϊ֮ǰ뺮صײʱѾ뵽˻״̬֪ںصײߵ顣
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ˣ̳ɽ
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Ϊɽɽۣԣ˼ȫĴˣľǲμѡεѡ֣ЩǰֵͨȫɽɽµĹ㳡С
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ڵص׷һУȫΪԾȣҵʱ־Լס˽һУԼߵʸ۽ͻȻˮӿˣ
δҲһжԹʱԵǰлҵĵһŮˣһḺģ
ǵģʸˣΪԼΪԼĸ߰ᵽԼϣΪԼȻŵһϵӦ
Ϊʲô
ˮЩ׵ĿԶǸǸ̩̹ħԳоԼ꣬ǸԼѵ꣬ǸϵһԼ꣬ǸŮֻ꣬Ǵ˿̵һûκθɱ¾
䣬пᣬԵ顭˿ѾȫıһֶסԼӣСڣףһеǷʲô
Ϊʲô
Ȧ˵Ŭվû£ؿʼԭеĻ𽥵ĳһ̱ĳһ̣ʼϵͣ˵ע£ըˣ
䣡
޴Ģڿն𣬱ըѸٺɨɽɽ񱩵ıըನǺһѸٳɢΧɽĿ˲仯Ϊ˷ĩɽʱ˹ͺͺһƬɽֱӱըȥһ룬Ƭʯ䣬ԭվںԶֵ˲ٶֱӱ˦ɵɽ¡
ɽɽɳʯֱڲԫűҰ˹аΧһֹ㳡ĺأɽͷը׵Ĵݻˡ
λʵ֧ǿάȱըನɢȥ˵Կͬʱ˼ͷһ³һѪϵľΣ


ڶʮ ǿ
ɽ˵һѣһսɽѾĿȫǣľ٣ԭдеִ˿ѾʧӰ٣ԭľ߹ģС㳡˿ҲѾٵĿԭĿ
һĹֻɢؼգͻȻоԭãѾĿȫǵĹ㳡һĨѣεĸоǰһУȻһλԼҪٵΪ
Ҫǣλ꾹Ȼƾһ֮һڤɱǿߣʹطǿߡ
һС
ͬʱһֲʵĸоΪ֣ǲԸġ
ɢʸȻڹ㳡ɨһۣͬ˾ȻѾԤϵը᲻Сû뵽Ȼ˾޴󣬼ֱǴݿࡣ
˿̵ɽɽѾֻʣºɽͷһεضĺ
ʸɫЩѿתһԵǵú£
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ͻȻһ۾еĺâͻȻʧƺЩظ˼
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۾عעҪٴǰǣٵȵȣķչҪǰ⼸һҪ˺𣡡
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˵ȭͷײͬʱȥʸֻеԼ·ײϣӲȾԲǳӦþ߱ġ
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˫ͻȻб죬䵽ԶѪħӶ˲УѪħ֣·һ˲뵽˺ڰС
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Ҵܣɽ˲һ磬վڷ룬ɳɳ죬
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һﵽҪʲôⶫǻȫģʸЩŭĺ裬̲סһɶԹ
ûǰˣͷһеѪħȻеĺâһ˲ʧ¶ԭĹʣƺʹܿ죬ٴαâ⣬ٴαħơ
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һͳ˻Ԩ㳡
ڶٻģ


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ɽ֮ۡ
ƣһƬеһз·𶼾ֹˣ˵沿ȫһ˿˲䡣
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ʸվȺǰ棬֪ԼܹĻô컹ͣڹ㳡ûзصĴĳԱǿһҲܻųȥ
ǰĹѾγɣһΣǻ֮ǰĹ赲Ļ˻ֱΪѾĿǰĹиоǹϢ
˿̵Ѿȫκɱᣬݽ棬ȫһʮӦñֳ
ڶٻģ
һ˻ƵͳԭžٴλָʵеѪħһһǰ̬ѸٵĻӶ˳ȥ
ౣ
еѪħӳͻȻһȻһֻӴĻɢĹӶʮɵӴһ׳βӼ
⡭Ǵ˵еĻ
̲ס૵һ㳡¼·һ˲ͱһ޴¯
޴ĳһչȻһּ̬𣬼ӷڵУβϵë
ͷһ·Ⱥһ˫Ȼٴηһ䣬ͻȻһţȻ³һźɫĻ档·ȥ
о³ĺɫ̺Ŀֲ˶оһĲ
ûʱˣ
ʸͻȻһȻеľй
죡
𣡡
Żʸһŭ£ʱһڿնȻڿ˻һſл³Ļȥ
򽣹ڣ
˫һĽϻͻȻ򿪣Ȼѹ⽣ڷɶ㳯ſȥ

伲ȭ
˵Ĺͬһʱ֣ӴԪ𶯼ҪɽĿռĵٶڿл۵һ˲γĵɫĹſеĻȥ
䣡
һλǿߵĺһһϹ޻Ļ߼˲ڿײռ˺Ѵһѷ졣
ѷвӿźĹâһɹɵĿռڷ϶ӿΧĿռüȲȶ
ըƺδ𣬻³ĻȻ˵ĺһֱ̲ȻںϺľ޴򼸺˽һٶ΢ͣ٣ȻſеĻ﹥ȥ
ӶӴĳ򣬻ڿ˼ȦͻȻһһһѸٳ·Ĺȥ
ڿгСγһԲ׶״岻תתٶԽԽ죬ֻܹһɫĹâ֮
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屻˲屻ѸײɶײһɽʯУ
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ʸ˵ҲãΪʧȥ˶ϹĿƣ¾޴ıըನ˼׵壬Ȼ˲͵˳ȥݺݵײһɽϣһѪ
Ĵֱӱನ˲ʧӰ١
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ԭ𲻿Ĺ㳡ͻȻһȻһǴȴϸѺ˲֣·һѸӣ㳡
á㳡Ҫˡ
Ͻ롭

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ڣʣİ㳡ظһɽȥƬɽʯŸֿ޺İɽϹȥ
ˣɽɽⳡսֱӻٵɽ˽ʮףԭõĺܵ˲һĺرԵѿһ϶Ƭĺ֮ˮߵٲһһɽ¡
쿴ǣɽɽٲ
ԭһֱйעɽ״˷кµĺ֮ˮϳ֮ɫ
ҪսܹĻ𣿡
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ĵγʯ˻ͷı˴˶һۣԷǱ̬֮벻ղŵĹȻ˴Ļ
ΧɽһۣѾûνĹ㳡ǶϱڲԫűҰ
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Щʧ૵սеѾȡƾҲ벻һ꣬ȻһúõĴӡ
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ڣɱ
ʸ쿴Ѿ֮ĩͻȻ༸ŭһȻҪȥ
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ɱǱ
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ɽ㳡ʸ˵ոյǰ֮ʱʶһ٣Щɻ̧ͷȥ
ֻ΢һͣͣǺܿϱһ˿ԽˣԶڵϵȥ
ŵڵϵгɱ⡣
˭Ҳܾ㣡
ҧгݵĺȻֳ·ȥ
ּڵϵʱȴͻȻоһĲоԱΣգԥ֣ȻѸټӷɵС
䣡
ͻȻղվĵطһȻֱӲһԵɽС
ЩľĿһ۲ɽϵʲôʱϵıøѿ
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ƾһ֧֦ȻֱӲĲӲʯУҪôԼ׼Ĳٿ
ʸ켸˱˴˶һۣܿ˴е𺳣ǳԼġ
֪˭һ
ʸͻȻһȭͳȵͬʱڹ㳡ܲϵɨӡ
ѽѾͷ֪ˣҪˣϹͷߺ
ͻȻһЦǺǵĲȻ˾Ϳǰԭһ˵ĿռͻȻһζӰس˵ҰС
˳ֵķʽʸһĨ𾪣鲻Խĵͺռ֮ϡǿߣ
ʸĻͻȻͱÿɬٴοеʱϵıʱÿ˲١
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ЩŵĿſеӰ߽ſеλߣƺҪӡԼԺС
ѹֶԷһ֧֦ͲҪԼǿߣѾߵķ룬ֻ̤֮磬ĴڸԼֿܹ˵Ĵڡ
Ȼһ֮һ֮ȷʵ֮ǰߣȻ֫壬棬ȴѾֻ̤֮壬ֵ֮ľء
ΪҪǣֻҪڣǾζѾޣǱƽ˸֪߳ٱȥ
ǿҲֻܹ꣬ǿȷʵһǧɹصضһֽ
ƾһͼ֮ͣΪ˻֮ƴޣϧȴֻܹڶһױȻˣֹڴˣڣˡ
˿̻еӰ㹻ӡ̣һӰͣͷ׷һӵĴֲ޸֮ûκεǶԷ˫ȴû˸ӣ·俴һۣԷܹȫһС
վԵһλŮһλ˿һ۾Ͳ̽תƿŮ·ֻҪһվġ
һ˿ɫȹ趯ȹڷϸһۻɫ˿ţӯӯһյյĸӵջ
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ŮǴһ˿ŭСɵӣľţ˭֪ŮˣԷĵı飬ڳĴĲĶҪˣ·ԷĲԼʹ
Ůֵһɲǣ·뵽˰е˷·ȫ˴˿̵սһȫʧˣֻʣӨӨŮ
üһĨģ̶߽·һ˲ӯƮǰ
Щ۵ĵͷһȫûй˼ԷϵѪۣ˫ı
ʱͻȻһǰ˳̶ߣ֮ǰԼ͸ǼεĹΡ
̶һ㶣һĨůȻ˫ֽڻУӻͳһŵŵĿС
Ѿ뵽ԵͻȻ˫ۣѪҺЩֲǰʱ˫ͻȻѪɫ˵ٴαñһ̶ѹ¡
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磡
̶ͻȻżĴһһֻȥֵԷĹ̶첲ʱ们䣬¶̶ϵϵһΡ
ͻȻ̶ϵͨĹʱ׻ʱһ㶣ƺ뵽˼ʹУͻȻŭһȻصĳһ൹ȥ


ڶʮ 
Ϸһм˲䣬˻δ׵ʱѾٴصĵڵϻ˹ȥ
̶˲ϵʹ࣬ӵȫûѾ·ſǰڶԷļһȻĵĺһʱеĵġ
һֱڿеϴһĨЦ⣬ȤĴ·һУ̶ȻһĵʱЩЦҡҡͷ
ӣ㻹ǻ֪£СһɾͲ˰
תٴοڵϵʱǵЦͱζСӣȻ޸ǳܹƾһ֮Ĵ󶷻ʣȻЩçײ⵹ҲǴʱͷӵθڣ
Ȼ츳ҪһĻ¹츳Щ
̶ͻȻ̧ͷһеߣϣ
̶ĺæЦǺǵİڰ֣ǺǣѾͷ֪ˣүү֪ô
˵֮ŽתƵһԣǰĴӹȻһĨЦ⣬ֻǷǱעӵȴûһ˸ҷɡ
ǺǣĸǴʿĴˣ鷢չһ˭Ҳûϵɣҿ˫˴˸ʧҪ˰ɣҶһȻ˴ɽɣ
һ㶣û뵽߾Ȼ˵Ļ˼Էڵݣ˲δеϡ
ʸſеһȭ´ʿʸ峤ʸ죬֪ǰǡ
ߵڻʸɨһۣЩп˵ǺǣʵʵҼǵõʶĻʸϰԵϻʸ峤ʱƺŸոͻƶʽײ㣬ЩʸҹȻչĲ
пһʸĶȴһذըϵıһáеľȡ
ϡڣǰʶǻʸҵڣ
Ǻǣȷʸϰ϶йһ㽻飬û뵽һתʱ侹Ȼȥô죬Ȼ²˰
ߵ߿ʸ죬ʵʸϰϼһðɣ
ʸһͣæĴﵽǰϡһֱܺã
ǺǣȻ͵ôˣǼ͸ͷһţնҪȥʸֱƺȣ
ʸоû뵽ǰλͨ˾ȻǺͼλͬһʱæһǰĻһ
ĵ˵ͷϵٴ༸ɨڣҶǽЩͻȻܲʱˮĻƻţ֪𣿡
ϵĻֵˮĸ̲¶𾪵ı飬æĻصǰƻȻڣֻЩЩǷ
̾Ϣһͣͨҩʦǲƺõģһ;Ϊ´ѡޣǿ֮壬Ȼõĺô٣ǣôή³ͷأʹˣ޵Ȼ֮ʤ
ͻȻһ㶣ֿܿЦһ;ϲ߶ǼСЦˣ͵ɣҲǶ֣
ʸ½Լ̲ڶһۣԭ޹ϵΪ˱˲Ųò֣Ȼս˲٣ҲڿԽܵķΧڣؼǶԷݣǿһĴڡǿӦ˵ġ
ȻǰˣҵȻӣ
ʸʮʶȤһȭͬ鵽ΪֹҲͷʾû
û뵽˾Ȼͬ˶ԷĻɫЩѿĿһǰߣ߲źۼĿһ·ԵҵʧһĨ֮ɫ
ͻȻǰһһȭǰҾǰСӽеʧθ˲٣ѵ
ͻȻת߶ŶԷϵЦʧһ˲һɰϢ˲ϣεѹֱӽѹµ棬صˤڵϡ
˵鵽˽
ɫЩõ˵Ѿ̶Էеɱ⣬һǲ֪ôĻĻŭӡʱͲ˼򵥵˽ˡ
屻ѹڵϣ嶯ãһǿ߾Ȼ޷֮ǿߵǿ˹
оԷϴıɱ⣬һֱ˿ٴԷʵԼٹִ¶ԷĻɱԼ
áͬˣ
Щĵ˵


ڶʮ ɽ
ʸ켸ʶһ˿źҪ֪ĴȻϿͿģǰټܹεĻֱӲҵĻҲļ⿴Ľ֡
ֻû뵽Ȼܹ踺صĵͷͬˡܹλӣҲһͷԼµļһ
ͷ֮ͬŸоԼϵѹ𽥵ʧ̽Ŷ˶ӣЩļµ̧ͷһǰߣһĨ
ڽһû뵽ߵĲȻ֮
ԷϲŻشӿ䵽ϣ̶ǰּһ
Ȼ˵ĺذû뵽СһﾹȻƾƲôǿս治֪֧ʲô
ҡҡͷҲʵеçײˣѾˣٲƵĻ¾ٺõҩʦҲܾȻˣ
үүؾȾ
ϵĻ̶֣һĨæץסϵ䣬˵
ǰСѾͷһı飬ͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⣬ӣȸ߷үүСһﵽ׺ʲôϵ
ص֮ɫ̶ͻȻһ죬Щ˼ĵͷ˼Ľ͵
ǡǡͨѣȹҵ
ŶȻȹӵأ治ܹЦ˵߰ɣɽүүƴϹͷҲҪ˭̶ͨأ
̶ɫٴһ죬Щŷϵ䣬͸÷үү֮ǰԭΪеķƽ˾ΪŷүүҲܵȥģ˭ߺﾹȻộѵԹүү𣿡
һ㶣¶һ˿ЦЩЦõ̶̱Ǽ⣬ͻȻЦ˵ĻԹҰɲСһþ
ǾǱ룡
̶ͻȻһЩż˵
úúã롭˰ɣһĿǰСѾͷһ޶ŮҲ˿̲ŸеĲį
̶Ц˵꣬ɫͻȻҲһĨء
Сһο˲ȻƾһԪʦʵĶʣȻЩô£Բ²⣬ƺǶĳطһһʮְӣСһϵҲٰ
Щçײˣ˴ǿʹ˰ԵǿհȫĴһ㲻пܻպӰ찡
һԵĻʸ켸ЩȵĿǰķ̶Իоȣв²ǰλյŮǺͷԷԻ˼ƺϳжŮĳ谮֮⣬ƺһ޵ء
ʲôݣ
뵽Ѿ¶Ļȥ֮Ůݡ
ΪûҲֻεվԱߺţû˵뿪֪˶µϼһƢʮֹŹ֣ϲŭ޳ݽ档
̧ͷһԱߵļˣƮƮһ֣Ƕɢɣøʲô͸ʲôȥ
ϵĻ˲æһȻһۣҽܵԶȥ鿴˴μ
뿪ϲת·̶ٴ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ѿͷ߰ɣСһȥүүǻݲأҪ˵ϵ»Ҫҵ̶ѾͷݲĹһ
̶˿ûӵһ죬ǲȻڸݲ裡
ɫһͣЩڨЦĿһۻԵǶˣЦǺǵĶ̶˵ΪܹȵѾͷݵĲ裬ͷҲƴˣ
߰ɣλСҲһŹɣĺǺþû˶˹ˣ
˵ЦǺǵǰȥһԵæǰϵڣǶֱͶأ֮ǰսеı֣ԼһɹĹǵһθеԭսģĶ˳硣
ɫЦ̶ɨһ̶ۣİʱ̶һʱȻڻУȴȻܹо̶Ĵڣʱ͸о̶ЩͬѰϢڿԼʱĸоȷûд
ߵצɣʱ䣬лˣ
̶ƮƮ˵Ȼ¶һ˿΢ЦתһĳԵѩսеನȻû˼ֺƺѾŵֱˡ
̶Ļ֮¶һ˿Ц
ȻǸǱѰѾͷȻһʼͿߣ


ڶٰʮ Ů˼
Ĺȣ㴹
һɽеĹȣʿʮɽϿУʹˣȻ̣֪
ûϤ·ºܹ֪߽ΪϿΧɭ־ͷ·һȻԹȫϿ֮⡣
԰ԣéݣ̡
Ƿϵס͵Դ羰ƣеʱʱƮҰ㣬ԴĻҲĳЩԸƧҪĳЩϹֵ˼
éһԵĻ԰УһٻӰһԵĴ֮µϣ˫ŷŵϣ˫ıСȣԴķŵϥϣͷŵϵһ䲻֪Ұ㶵ĳ
ɫȹƮɢ˵ʱŮܹˣΪҲ״̬Ǳķ羰
ѩ軺̧ͷ߳Զһéݷ俴ȥüǴһĨβסĵǡ

߶éݷ俴һᣬѩĲջߣЩε̾Ϣһüκһ˿һʹ
ڵ𣿡
ͻȻһЩѩĶУѩʶæ̧תƵһԵĳһٻӰӨӨӣʹѩŮҪȻ̲סһԷ
һֳѳ֮ò崿뽿Сá·κһŮǰеһԼĴܸУǲһֵһһ崿۷ʣκ˼Ůĵһ۶ᱻò۷
Ů̡
ѩ¶һĨЦ⣬ȻƣߵѩĶ棬һԵϣһ˫鶯۾עǰѩ衣
ѩôһ˲ʧƺоǰŮòʵΪ̫Եòʵ
ڵ𣿡
ѩûн̶ͻȻٴοڽ
㲻Ҳڵ𣿡ѩ̧ͷ̶˵һ˼ˣ
죡ѾǾɽĵˣ̶Ц˵Ʋأ΢Ĳ֮⣬ֻһ̼үү˵ӺԲŻôã
ллǾңѩ˵
ѣԣӦõģʱԤϵҪ磡̶̧ͷһԵļéݷӣͻȻ¶һ˿Цûôˣ
ѩһ˿ǣû°ɣ
İɣүү˵ıǿģ㲻õģҪľǰĵѹ
ѩͷ˵ҽѩ衣
ãԽ̣ҴԣҾͽѩˣƺѩʮ飬Ц⡣
ѩЩ̫˼ʵ㡭Ĺϵ𣿡
һ㶣ȻĿһѩ裬ٴλָ֮ǰЦ⡣
ҺֻһΣһʱ仹û죬ϵܺãΪƢƺκ˶ܹദ
Ӧʮ־ŮԵɣѩСֹ
ѩ㣬Ĺϵܺðɣ̶ͻȻһЦȻ鶯۾·һעǰѩ裬һ˿Ц⡣
ҡҲѹϵ
ѩЩĽ͵ǽȷʵѹϵЩƺһֻԼмӣȻʱ˵Ĺϵ𽥱ԽԽǢЩƺѩڴ
뵽ѩͻȻָеͷһʹɫЩѿˡ
ѩı仯̶ҲϵЦ⣬ָ˵ЩȷʵһľͷԣֻܹǸһʱȥ𲽵ů֪һľͷܹ֣ʵһֻһֻϰҵСڰ
ѩͻȻ̧ͷЩȶ࿴һ̣ԷжԼʱѩٴεͷС˵
ûõģܹоĳûָ飬ңƺһֱһŮңҾĿʱǰһγҲֻʱһ뵽еһ㡣
ѩͻȻ̧ͷ߽ض̶ϵıû˿ı仯
ûв´ĻǸӦ͸İɣ
ѩĻ̶ͻȻһ㶣ȻһĨ糺죬û뵽ѩĹ۲Ȼ˵
뵽̶ͻȻʶĵͷһϵǸħ˹Σһ¶һĨԼ¶ûзֵĻȡ
ѩȻǲ˶Է˿ϸ΢ı仯̶ϵħ˹ɨͻȻ¶һĨЦ
ҲֻɵϲŻ뵽͸Ůͨ
뵽ѩҲ鲻Խ뵽Դ𽻸Լ֧ڽ͵͵ķԼƺҲûлķ
ŮٽԼ飬˿̣éݷе꣬ھĿ顣


ڶٰʮһ ħ
ķУȻ˫ڴϣɫȻҰף촽ûκεѪɫȻʮ
˿̵ķվӰһƿϵıЩãƺ֪˵
̶Ҫˣػ굤ɲôŪģңǼҲҪƷˣ㸸׽Ͽ¾ǵʲôΣյʱԷһѵҪĵҩСӳȥ𣿡
ڴϵ̶͵ĶŻ˯ѵƽ˵үүѾˣֱȴȻûѵļ̶ǻɷүүҽǵȥ¾˵ʱҲպһĺ֢֪Ĺ£ԣҲ֪εĿܹԣһŵҩ̶˵ʲô̬ͨͨһҩǴ˵еƷҩΪ̶Ҫģ
ϿЦһеĵҩεҡҡͷ治֪СһﵽϱʲôȻǵС˶ģǴǼȥĻЩʢſǲһҪײǽ
̶ɫһ죬ɬĵүү̶Ѱˣûеأ
ϴƿȻ浽һžӨ̵ĵҩ죬ҩ˽ȥ𻺻ȥ
һУϲת̶ͷĵ߳˷䡣
̶ߵſڣͷһȻԵȻŴ潫Źϡ
棬̶ŷϻߵһԵԺУһԵһϣȻָָһ࣬ʾ̶¡
̶һϣϲЦе˵̶үү㣬ܳΪʲôѵĲٻȥ˰
̶ɫһЩε˵үүҿҳߵģ徹ȻҼ޸Ҳϲˣ̶ڲŶЩ϶ȻʼЩ飬ǵΪͱŸ͵͵ܳˣ
ѾͷȻҳˣ˵ôܻ͵͵רϰͷأ
үү˵ĵĻأ̶СʱǷүүģҪΪ̶ԭ򣬷үүҲܱ磬ôүү̶Զǳ
ϵ۽һ˿жƺһ˿ˮӿ
仰ⱲӾֵˣ֮£ҲȷҵʧְҪΪûп㣬Ҳ͵͵鹬ֱﶼѰеǿ鵽ȥȴһҼǵãһﻹɳ˲ٵǿߣǿ߽Ų飬Ȼһôǿƺһƾʧˡ
̶˼ЦЦЩ̶ǲˣҵʱ̶ʵ̫Сˣ£û뵽Ȼֱ˷үү
ǺǣֻҪ̶û£үүҾǱҲûʲô˵ģο㿴ڷүүסɽˮ㣬ţҲһʺϵĵط
˵ԽԽС˶淿е˿ھĿ顣

ȣ
ڳȵҽУĵ˿壬εĶʼն㲻׵˿
˱廨İڻ룬ȵĻܽԼȫİΧѲ
ৣ
ͻȻһ΢ЩģӰڻУվǰڻ潫ΧĿ˿Щãټ϶ԷԭһźӰεŬԷģֻܹһЩģӰӡ
ΨһܹľǶԷ˫Ѫɫ˫Է۾עԼʱ·оԼ˶һ˲Ϣˣֱ
˭
ЩȵĺﵽģԼΪλᱻܻ˿ǰصļһﵽ˭
ҡ㡭ң
һƮӲӺɫӰ𣬷·ңԶʣ˻ƣƺʮֵѡ
㵽˭һ˿š
ħҾеΪ˻ǿʵң
䣡
һ˲䣬ԺӿһƬϢɽᣬ֮ͣԼˣú飬ڤѣɽսڤѩвԼŭ֮Լķӡ
һĻĻǼƬһԺһеĶȫ
ҡҿħӡ
¶һ˿ɬԼȻĿԼطӡħ
뵽һжԭԼ鼱֮¿ħԼħȻǶʵĿ
־ʱԣٿɣͿԻøʵӴͿһЩԵȫݺݵزڽ£
ħ˵꣬ͻȻӰһȻԻгֱӳдȥ


ڶٰʮ ƶ
ħһ˲䣬ֻеȫһʹʹȴ޴ѭΪȫƺûһʹûһڲ

̲סŭ屻ϣ̫ϵǸ𣬵ʼ޷Լ
оԺ类һʹ㽥ʧȥʶ
ƬѪ쿪ʼԺȻĿȨԭƽ˾˲òӿͷ·ʵеĿѹǡ
âʴƬĺâͷ·ǵˮеѪҺһۣѸٵɢһ˲ĹռĴ
ȻԺЩʶϵֿһмֱǱˮнá
ΪˣڵԪĴΨһʣһǱħޣڼΨһʣһ˿־ڿĵֿ
ҪνĵֿԹԵóԵĿȨȻɣģʱһñҪǿģһʵɼαıֻҲܹԽԽǿ
ħĻ߽һصԺУַ·Ǵߵħ䣬ʶʼԽԽ˿ʼ𽥵뵽˯У֪䣬ԺѾħ׵ƿ˴룬Ǽȥ²ã嶼ħƣʱ򽫳׵ıһˡ
ħɹȫռʱͻȻһɾ֮˲ӿǿ˳ȫ
ػ굤룡˵ľǾѾˣǱ޸ߣֻҪ¾ػ굤ҲһԻ
Ȼľػ굤δǴ˵е棬ȴȷǾ浤ҩ
Ӵ󾫴ҩһھ˲ڻȻȫ
ԭȱ˺۵һ־˵ٶ𽥵Ļָš
ѾѪѸٱϣȻøӴ׳ԣϵĸ˿Ҳһۿɼٶڻػָϡ
ΪҩĽڣԭѾ뵽˯еͻȻ͵˫ۣ۾ĶǰԼԺеѪħ
ѪħһƺЩ̫ףΪԭѾ˳ȨʶȻٴλָ
ߣ
ͻȻһȻ֮ǿҩӿȫҲٴθֳܵĸо
𲽻ָԺеħٴοʼʧȥԱĿȨ
УӰħһģĺӰ˿̶Էƺƴʴ򣬲Ϊҩԭħʴƺʮ־޴ѡ
ͻȻħϥȫûԷֱӽ뵽ȥ
˿ڲ֮ϵɫҰףͷϲϵ亹廹ĲԺеһʶħԱĲٿȨ
Ӱϥ뵽״̬ƺ뵽˰УƬҩľ׼ǣѸڵơ
𲽺ת־ƺҲ𲽱ѣħҪȫȡٿȨƺԽԽ
ߣ־ǿ
ͻȻѪɫĺâдһţԽԽѪħƺʼ˶ȫΧȨ
ڻָ˵ͻȻ³һѪǰȥһĨû뵽ħȻԼҩɰܹ֮ˡ
ڴʱħΪͿ˳Ĳٿʱ״ٴηˡ

ͻȻһ԰ңԶʵ𣬷·Ԩеĺַ·ңԶʵĴϢ
Ժԭ񲻶ʴȨħͻȻ·ǴĴֽһ˲֧飬ģӰһ˲ŸղǵɢʧΡ
һʱ䣬ԺѾħռĺâٴǳˮһ㲻ϵȥһգ۵Ĺʧĸɸɾ
еЩ𾪵ĿǰһУƺЩ㲻ףղŵ׷ʲô顣
ղǵʲô
ЩľղõȻޣȴʵʵĴڣҽһȴоԼĲ·ֻҪղõڴһ㣬Լͻɢһ㡣
ٴι۲һûзã׼ָ
⡭ǡ
ǣոϥãȴٴķһ𾪵飬ڱòȶԪԼΧӿһжԤʾϼ뵽ͻƽ׵Ľ׶Ρ
֮ǰʵʹ弶۷壬ƺʱпܽףû뵽һø֮սȻЩɥǻõĺôҲ٣ͻƽ׾֮һ
ȻϾҪףɫȴЩѿΪͻȻԼ˿ƺڻԲѵ״̬ҪνнĽס
ۣ
ͻȻ׵ģһӴԪĿռָдܳһζԷȻûֱӴӿռָд˳
һռָ޴ԪžԴϷһԪʮ־ˣʱʹ߱Ӷǿжȡģ𽥻ۣ벻Ȼôࡣ
𷢴һ˲䣬¸·һȴһһɹɵľԪؼӿڣܵڵԪ仯ϳϲ⡣
ˣ


ڶٰʮ 
ڽˣ
̲סĵڰԪϵĵָоҪ쳤Хĳ嶯
蹬һ˲·һµĴţӿԪǵصӿڣ蹬ٴ𽥵һܹݵ¸Ԫ
һĳԾˣӿԪ·޾ĳˮһӿ壬Ѹɢȫ޸ȫ˰̡
ɲϵԪѾȫĳ˽Ԫ˿ҲѾ߼ķ𲽵
ô
𾪺˿ĿǰԼڵԪѾԽԪʦȴһɵٶ𲽵ĵһһʵͻͽ
罫һĻ˿ڵԪѾԽ˽ҪԪһ𽥵յн׵ʱԪűû
һԼ壬ֲûκβʺŷ
о֮ǰеĵҩǹǿδʧԺͻȻӿһ뷨
Ժһ뷨˾ͱЩԾԾգһͷϷǹûоԼͬԴܳԪӽԺС
Ԫһ壬͸еһȫĲΪЩԼıԪټϳɷִӣǿнЩϽڣԺз·һ˲䱻Ͷһذը
ԭո޸õĽʱȫѣǽţڵľػ굤ҩЧʱãʼ޸ڵĽ
ѣ޸
ϵѭʹǳ˿Լġ
ֳܵʹУʼҧڵԪ
Ҫӵʵ
һɼǿ֧˿̵ͷ·һѾȫܣػ굤ĨܵȪٴ뵽˰֮УְƵʱ꽫ƶػ

Ļ԰Уϣһһ裬СĽ̸ʲôֵǷϾȻҪϵǰòӵϵʲôһڵӣͶڽѵԼҪСһǿ˵һʮֵľ档
ԶĻӶһѵʱΪûջҪˣôأʵǿһѧ˲ٶϺʱָ£ֻܹ˲֪µǰָ㣬ȻС
һԵĻرߣ̶ѩǰĶţЩҪ˵ϵΪǢҪͷϣҪıҪѩ̶˼˱˴˼ķ׵ĳԽԽͬá
ѩ㣬Ϊʲô⼸㶼ûЦأǴһ˵飬ѵ㻹ڵİɣүүѾϹˣϵƻָĺܺãֻʱˣ֮ǰս˺ʮ̫ˣҪ˯һʱ䣡
ѩ̧ͷ̶¶һ˿̫ȻЦ⣬Ȼҡҡͷ
Ҳǹ磬ֻǡֻҷִҶԼȴʲôҲУûУǵܹؼʱ򷴶ֻܹϺȣҷԼñʲôɡ
ѩĻгƺԼܹﵽ𷴶ֻܹ鷳еھΡ
̶һ㶣ƺû뵽ѩ边Ȼ˵ĻһĨǣѩĻ»ԺӰ졣
ѩ㣬ҲҪ̫ˣÿһ˶ÿһ˵е㣬˵㲻ܹǴһǴҿ֣
̶ͻȻһЦĴվܵѩǰȻһץԷ
ѩ㣬ȫɣ̽һʣ˵أ
ģѩһæ󣬰̶Ҫŷȫ
ѩ׼ã̶صͷȻ֮ϾȻһŽɫĹţůӳ˵ʮֵ
סѩƣȻеĹŻ̽ѩС
Ů𽥵ʧ̶Ҳر۾׼̽һѩʡ
Ÿոս뵽ѩڣ̶˼ѩߣȻ̽ѩ帹蹬ȥ
̶˼ոյ̶蹬ʱȴͻȻѩ蹬Ȼƽ˲ͬѩ蹬ȻһյĿռ䣬ûκεڣͷ·һԲһûκεķ϶
ô̶Щֵ˵Ȼ˼̽ȥܱյԲ
زصĺ̶˼Ժвѯһǣ̽͸϶ȥ̶ȴʧķ֣ѩ蹬ȻǺһƬʲô
ô
ĵٴε˼Ȼ󻺻͸һ̶ȴͻȻоѩ蹬ˡ
·ʲôҪһ㣬̶ʶֹͣҴŵĶǰĺڰ
̶ضǰʱǰĺڰ˶·ʲôˣȻֻ޴Ѫɫ۾ͻȻĿռУѪɫ˫ͫԵմεͻأ

̶ͻȻһȻջؿ̽˼˾ֵʶ˼һƨɶڵϡ
𣡡
ͻȻһŭѩͷϷȻһźֻ֣Ѫɫ˫ͻȻӴη⺧ˡ
ֻеĹ˻һȻʧ·Ǻ󾢲һʧڿС
һںȲķ϶ȴΪ̶ľͶߣǡÿһĻ
⡭ǡ
ϵЩȣƺʲôһ˿һûнڡ
һԵҲĿǰѩ裬һĨ棬ƺЩš
̫˼ˡȻ壡


ڶٰʮ ѩ
̶Ҳѩ˴𾪵ĿŶԷƺ׸ղŷʲô顣
̶ôˣ
ѩЩ֪վ̶ܵǰ֪ղŵ׷ʲô飬Ǹղ۾һ˲䣬ȷ̶еĨ֡
˼顭Ȼ壡
һഫĸ̶̾תƵһԣƺ׸ղ˵Ļʲô˼
֣ղҲ˶԰ɣЩ̫ȷʵƺϣԷԼһȷĴ𸴡
ϵһ𺳵ı飬οЦҲû뵽ǸղǶûпĻӦôˣ
үүǵڽʲôΪ̶
̶ѩ֣ȻЦŵͷȻߵһԵĲУվ˵ǰ
϶ЦЦ̶Ҹղڸʲôˣ
̶Цѩ˵Ҿſ̽һ蹬ȴû뵽飡
û蹬п̽ʲôͻȻȤ˵
԰̶㵽׿ʲôΪλ˵ľţѩҲЩĵʵϾԷΪԼܵ˾š
̶Цһ˼·ſڽղ˼̽ѩ蹬ȴķ蹬ȻһܱյĿռ䣬һźʲôҪһĲ鿴ʱȴͻȻһ˫Ѫɫ˫ɢʶ˳
һۣȻĳӦòģ˿Ļһ
үү⵽ô°ѩڵǶʲôô֣
̶һѩ裬Щģԭѩ費ܹѾԼˣ֪Լڳ˵Ļѩӵʧɡ
˵ɣͻȻ̾ϢһȻſǰѩ衣
Ѿͷ֮ԲܹڵԭѾˣǸղûпĻӦ壡
壿
ѩ૵ϴһ˿ɻ󣬸׷ϽĻʲô˼
ϣʲô壿ѵĲܹ𣿡
ѩе֮ɫЦŰ˰֣Ȼ󿪿ڼѾͷҪģ㲻ܹδһ£һȸ㽲һʲôɣ
򵥵һ˼ϲżڽһʣҲˣӦӤڸոճʱ˽ĳ޵ǿзӡڣν壬ֻǧٹ֣ʤֻҪӡڣͻ뵽ܳʱ˯ߣĳɳϵֱĳһ份ѣȻ󳹵׵鹵ͨķȻĲٿػ볣ս
Ҫ֪һ㶼ͨħޣħ֮ϸޣϷǸϡٵޣ
Щӵ䴫УǸҪȻȻľͻӵǿս˵еֻʮ꣬ڵĻȴԺͶǿ࿹⣬ҲΪǿԭ򣡡
ǷүүΪҴδ˵һ˵Ĵأ
̶ЩĿѩ裬ʵû뵽Ȼʴڡ
ʮϡ٣ӵ˵Ƭ·߳һʱֻǺʷĳЩ𽥵ʧˣڸ֪ʵĴڣң˽ӡڶ乲Щ˲˭ԣһļ壡̶ǵļ壡
̶һ㶣ЩĿһѩ裬û뵽ѩ㾹Ȼ˴ͷ
ЩӵΪλʧҾͲö֪ˣΪʱ򣬾Ѿû˵ĴڣЩϢһǵ̶ʱĹŵĵģ
뵽ӵǿʵһȺȻڴ·ʧѿķ϶̲סźһꡣ
뵽ȻڵĻǽǿһֻǿһȺȴȻʷĳбʢ
Ⱥҵ˽һЩ
һԵͻȻӹ⣬ʱҲᣬԼֻһǧңʱȺû·ʧҲѾʮˣҼǵƺѩ壬ǰ·Ϸޣһʱԭʽ·ΪĶȦ޵ļ壬ÿһѩ֮ڳͻ쵽һͷޣ˫ǩԼȻ棡
޵ĿԽԽ٣ʷݱ䣬޵ĿѾʧѩ֮ΪǵٴһַǾѾĳ޵壬ҲνĻ޷ӡӤڣν
ֻʹ޵ĿԽԽ٣ΪӵȻԽ޵սǱԼȴʧȥԣѩ˵ĿԽԽ٣ڵʷ̨
̶ѩǧ˵һƬ벻ʷϾȻֹļ塣
ѩ裬ȷѩ˵ĺᣬȻ֪ΪλͻȻûҪȥЩԺغҪκˣȻ֪ڵڵǺֻޣֻҪȵɹڵĻ޼ʱʵͻһԾǧɣֱӿǿǿߣ
ңҪÿֻҪϤĵչ˺ڵĻ޾ͺã
֮ǰ˵Ļѩ軹еһԺ˷ϵһ仰ѩͻȻһ˳Ծö
ѩͻȻǰȻǰһӹڶԷǰ
ϣѩΪͽ̵ο壡


ڶٰʮ һ
ʱ󣬴ȥת۾һĹ⾰
ɽϿУ޴ٲ˳Ÿɽк£ʮ׵ľ봹ֱ£Ȼصˤ䵽·̶Уˮһγ˴ƬİٲλһĲʺϿȡ
Ȼ⾰⴦ϿеĻȻȻⰻȻٻޣò⡣
ٲµ̶峺ģȴףϵεˮƮɢ
ۣ
ͻȻһӰ̶˯³Ȼ¶Դ³ڵȪˮʱһƬˮ
һȻ˫ֱһ׳ľһ̶ٲԵȥ
ΪѸͣǱһž޴ԭľϣ˸Գ˵ƺⲢ⣬ֻһֻֻеԭľһֻһ໮ȥ
ԭӦѵ鵽ƺʮֵļ򵥣һȻѸ͵ĳ̶·ٲȥ
ٲԵĲԵЩͻȻ˫ֽرԭľԭľСĵķŵԼļϣȻһһڷɶһԾȻ䵽ٲ·һѹ̶õĴֱԭľϡ
Ϊԭľޣܹվ˫ǽؿűϵԭľ
Լ׵ԭľٲ֮ˮһɹɾ޴ĳϵ£䵽ԭľϣϿԭľ
֧һᣬҵƽ֮ſʼ̽ȣһ̶ȵʱٴ͵ϵ
1249
飡
ڿһξ룬ȻΪٲ޴ĳٴصԭľϡ
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ɽʱֲļһֱصΧԶ·ΧּҰ޶ðɽΧصļ

һѵڰߣһ֦Լ·ϲһ˵ȻںĽ·ϣִӵѪħڱ
һ֮һԵһʯУ⴦ֻһҵʯһ˹䣬˿̣ʯгˮż޴ε
һһ֦Цʯпһۣѡһ㽫е֦ȥٴʱѾһ㣬ٴѡ㣬Ǵһ㽫ȫ֦ϣֹͣеĶ
֦ͻȻдһĺ
ãһɫӰӳʣȻԽԽһ˲ңӰȻĳǰ
ৣһȻǰ̶һƬˣǿΧ֦һڶ
ЦǺǵĿǰֵĴһȷǸһ׵Ӵ壬˫չȻн׵ĳȣ޴ͷ­۾๳ݣԼָ׵˫צ˭һۿȥеľս⾹Ȼһ޴ķħޡ
СֵƤˣһܵȥˣЦŸǰϺëǳ֮顣
ౡ
СͻȻ쳤ƺΪԼʲôȻ쳤ϲȥ
ˣ̶ǿɶǻȥԷأ߰ɣ
СͷƺܹĻȻͻȻһӴڿչ
ЦһȻһԾ䵽Сıϣ˫ŲС˳ëϣȻû˿Ĵ򻬣˵Ķɼһ㡣
ߣЦһȻָһЦ
ౡ
һӥ䣬С˫һչȻ˲ʧԶǣٶȿɼһ㡣

éᣬһٻӰһɽϲժҰʱʱĳһ࿴ȥѩŷŬѵţȻѩֱȻûлڵĻޣƺûӰѩĻԡ
Դ֪Լ֮ѩƺøӵĻһʱͶѵϣ⵹ϼЩĿ࿴
ౡ
һӥ䣬̶ϲ̧ͷ߿ȥȻһӰӾͳ̶ǰ
磬ڻˣǶ׼Էˣ
СϣȻЦź̶Ȥⲻŵ̶ζȻ󼱼ææ˻
һԵ߹ӹеļ㣬Ȼٵûسȥ׼¹
̶һƬ˫ָСëһЦĺСȤʱʱķһ󿩿Цܰۡ
̶Ȼֿ˿ԶѩͷԼԶĲݵԱ״˯ͻȻ¶һĨҸЦݡ
ʱԶͣһ̸öã
Լȴвòȥ飬Ϊ˱ԼˣԼͱøǿ
ҲǸ뿪ʱˣ


ڶٰʮ 
һȺڣƺѾϰӣһÿһ˶Ա˴˸顣
ЦĿŴңĺӣۣܰòֻСʱʱ׻ڣЩҲõͯʱ⡣
£
һԵķȿ⣬ʵ
ϵĻ󣬼ȫ߼еϣѩЩǵĿһһ˿õԤУȴûֻ֨ǽעŶԷ
ҶͶԼЦһȻſ˵λѾһˣһʱɷϵĹգѾȫĻָʵҲ˳Ľ˵ԼĿ֣ҪʵˣһҪиĿޣԡҲҪͷ˵ˣ
Ļ󣬼ƺδ⣬֮ͣȫΪƻδȬͻָԣҲǳ飬׼
ֻѩ̶Щ䣬˶ŮһʱѾϰÿ쿪ĵĺʹһǣҪ飬ֻû뵽õҲһ졣
һѳĺ룬Ȼ˵ѾˣҲȷǸ뿪ʱˣж־ķֻвϵľܹ꣬ϵıǿɳʱȥҲõѡ񡣡
ҳһˣЩҪ㽲
ͻȻվȻ󻺻ȥһԵЩɻ󣬲Ƕ̶ЦЦȻվŷ˳ȥ
ǿ£վڲݵգɫ鲼ҡڣһɷǣǽվڷϱ󣬹غţûн
һʱ䣬϶ԼʦѣӶԷȷʵѧ˲ٶˣЩԶӰ졣
ʲô㣿
Ͻ߳ջأȻתоȻһ˿еĹػ
ʱ䣬϶Ҳ˺øУСһǿִţԼƫִԣ۷Ÿܹպɾ͡
޶Ů̶ѩȷʵϲԣʱһֻǵԼĺ
ͷЦϣ˵ʵڽļƻҲûһ̶Ļ֣֪ʲôطѸٵ˵ʵһʱѾżԪʦǣȴоκԪҪƺˣ
ͻȻüԼĿ꣬ԣҪڽһʱڱøǿֻҲܹصȥԼ񣡡
ϵͷɲľͷ
˵ʵȷʵһط˵ǿߵĵأͬҲܹѸʵĵطǴųˣ϶ڴ½ȵһʱ
۾һĵط
Ͽ𣬿ڳ³һ
ʲôطˡ޶ۣΪҴδ˵һطЩɻʵ
㲻֪ҲʵڵʵӴЩЩ磬ǣҲҪ˽ģҾǰ㽫һ°ɣ
ϼʵ½˲֪ڣΪУ
Щɻ󣬡ϣ⻰ʲô˼Уѵ粻ɣ
ֻһᣬȴû뵽ϾȻĵͷͬˡ
ϾȻĵͷͬͻȻŴһЩ˼ˡ
û𾪣ǼȷǴһ硯粢ֻһǺܶ࣬򵥵Щ硯磬Ǵһռ֮У򵥵ͷ·һľƱУһСĲ豭ġСռ硯ǳ֮Ϊ磡
һֿռܳƣ˵ʵﵽʥߵʱԳǬǱԼµĿռ䣬е˿ٵĿռȽϴĿռͱǳ֮Ϊ磡
ʵഫкܾõļ嶼ڽ֮УֻһڣΪռнǻɵһƬʲôûУЩܹаɽֲﶯװʵһǺպĴ壬ϾһСûЩԣܹǨ֮еһĴ塣
֮Ƚ⣬һ磬Ϊųǿߵķŭ԰Ｘʷ֮˵֮أǿΪ겻ҲᱻɽУҲԣֻɱ¾ѵ֮
ԣԹأΣأʵϣӦҲףսѵĽ׷ʽֻսܹ֮ϵĳԽңʵµԣҪʵҲֻѵѡ񡣡
һȽĽ磬˿ڶ磬漸Գ磬൱һС½ҲӦμǣˡ̶磡


ڶٰʮ ȥ
峿һҹУ𻺻۾³һȻ̧ͷһ۷Ĵڣ峿ĵһ͸̨ӳ䵽ϣ͸߲
չһ½ǣȫž죬ĸо˲ȫص
תһĴͷѪħڱߵſٴתɨһ䣬ŷеİ裬𲻽Щпһʱ䣬Ѿһһľ˸顣ֻջҪġ
֨
ľţů͵ʶ˫ۣȴķǰͥԺмѾٴεȺˡ
ǡôô磿
Щ˼ͷȻߵͥԺУ˶ѾˣƺԼһˡ
Ҷûʲô£ԹپһΣҲǸУ
ЦǺǵĿһĨ۰ʱ䣬ԽԽϲ
ͷҵҲûʲôģҵһ仰Ҫ㣡
ϵ߽Ȼ˵ۣ߲ܣ
ڵʵ԰һУâ¶Ϊ۸ǿУǺ£ҲҪ͵£
һ㶣Ȼʮ̵ܽĶŷһлϵѣסˣ
˵ĺеɽ֮УȷЩˣ֮ǰûпĺǺûз̶ĳ֣𼸺ɡ
͵仰ǡǡһ㣬Ժ󶮵úˮ
ѩ裬Ĳһ𣿡
ЦŽתƵһԵѩϣһû뵽ѩ边ȻѡҪŷѧϰ
ЦעԼѩôһ˲ͺȻ뿪ͻȻԺеѹסԼ嶯뷨
Լûκεʵһȥض裬ʱҲԼǵʲôæҲﲻϣֻܹƽ鷳
뵽ѩ軺̧ͷȻЦҡҡͷ磬ѩҪŷѧϰˣȵѩ峹׵ľѣʱѩͻȥѰģ
ͷβ֪ѾͷЩʲôֻ˫˴ղûнѡ
ѩͻȻߵ̶ߣȻŮһԵһ£ദ
̶չ˺֪ûʸҪЩҲֻ֪㣬һϣܹչ˺ȻеʱżǿǸʱǸӣ
̶һЦѩ㣬㲻˵Ҳģ
ǰŮǰһۣϲŽתƹ¶һ˿ζЦ⡣
Сӣû뵽㾹Ȼôõһˣ
û뵽ϾȻὲɫһ죬ЩεǼ⣬֪˵
̶֪˼ͻȻڡ
˵ĵĻأҡҶ̶ûǸ˼ģһæ͵ֻһ仰Щ顣
ˣûҪڣǧ㶫Ҳûȥˣ
ûʲô˼ģĸ껹ûеõļأҵһ㣡
ϽϵͻȻƺʲôҪҪ
̶ļȽ⣬ڵҪǼϿǲܵģΪܹļȻ·ͨļԱģԣҪ㣬Ҫĺ̶һôҪƴó㹻ʵϿ㣡
츳ǲеģϾЩ꣬Щ˼֤̫ʵǵֻоԵʵ츳ЩõĶǿأ
ɫЩѿȻ֪ϽʵлЩܣת߿һ̶ѩ裬һ˿⡣
鲻Խ߬ȭͷδκϵͷ£ȻҲ䡣
Ҹ鲢Ҫ㣬ҲֻҪ㣬죬½ܴܴ󣬶ֻǿ̽ı߽һ磬ڸоʿܴ󣬴㼸ɿ⣬ȵպ㹻ĸ߶ʱͻ֣ᷢԭפһطͷ·ǲ׺һ򵥣
ϵĻͻȻٴζŷһϹϣģ֪ˣ
Цۺ룬ʵǺܿģʲô׹涨ʲô棬һѣԼϲľҪȥȡ꣬ź
˵ͻȻζĳչЦһѵζֻȴһ˿ײį
̶Ҫˣ
ŷһȭȻԶ̶ѩһкٴζմһڣܿ죬һӰǰ䵽һԵĲݵϡ
벻СӾȻܹõôõĶϷİսԵޣȵȫɳΪ壬ʱʵǲС
ǰѾʮӴС𣬾϶̲סһ档
̶վСϣ·ķһȭ˵ϣˣʱ䣬һٴʱ򶨽ʹ
ãϷǣСӣǵҸĻԼľҪȥȡУҪúõش̶ЦǺǵĳһ֣˵
ͷȻٴνתƵһԵѩϡ
ѩ裬һԵģõĽһٴһ㣡
ѩ۾Щͨ죬ǿûԼ޳ͷ磬һᾡȥǵģ
ͷȻٴζһȭϣѩ裬ˣ
ౡ
С𷢳һӥ䣬Ȼ˲˳зȥѩ·ʹĻ˫֣֪˵ӰΪһڵ㣬ʧԶС
磬ҪȥȻ̶δȥȴ˵⴦յأ
ŶǼͻȻʮָȤʵ
һ̶ͻȻ˵
̶ûʱˣڤڵ֮ԼѾֻʣһҵʱˣϴɽ֮ߣҵٴζǼ֣ȻӰڰбȻĲ£
ڵʵֻоżԪʦҪᵽɽİڤڻЩϰҪһʱڳɹͻƣұҪȥ
ͻȻ̧ͷԶĳӲӵϷ·һʥĹԣԵ緢
ǰ̶ѨŢ֣һҲҪһˣ
վԣ꽫˫ָ󣬽ɫ·һԻ͵սۣ갺ͦأһ緢̶֪ͻȻЩԡ
Щеŵļһﲻȵġ뾭籩ܴ꣬۵ϴһԼվȻſƼɵԾš
ͻȻ̧ͷԶƾ罫Լϵ·ɯɯ졣
Ǿȥʯɽɣ


ڶٰʮ ʸ
ʿڳǣ
ϴεɽ۷սѾȥ˽һʱ䣬ȻȥĴɱϢôܹµסǲһܵʱ䣬ɽ۷֮սԿ֮ѸٵĿɨʿΧļҲѾ˾֪
˶֪εɽ˴¼һƾճȻһ֮ŵһڤ֮󣬾ȻٴĴ󶷻ǿߣɽ֮һ۷֮սȻɽ˽ʮסɽͷֱӺûˡȻֱڼǿߣȻŽ䶯Ĵ¡
һʼ˲ţΪԷҥĪ˵ʲôΪһǿҲƾһ֮սʤĴ󶷻ǿߣ
ЩĿ׿֤ʵټϲºרŽ뵽ɽ鿴ȷʵɽѾ˽ʮ׵ɽͷֱʱ˲Ųòš
ŴҶŲɵʱؼסһ꣬һһĲƵĿڵֱ˶ԷԣͬʱǸҲӡÿһ˵ԺС
֮һҹ֮䴫ʿ·˽֪СＸȫɽϵı֣ȻʸѾ˽Ȼ赲Դٶȡ
̸ʱһŷ֮Լʵڳһ㣬·Լǵһ֮Ĵ󶷻ǿߵꡣ
Щƽͨ˵Ǹں˭һǵУֻǼסǸ꣬Ǹǿڿڴ͵꣬ԭΪԷһֱӵеһ룬˻һϣܹվڶ㣬ȻȺ
˻һҪľһѪҪľǺңֻ󲿷ȴֻܹƽƽӹӹµµΪĳǡüеǸһֻĵ׵ӢΡ
ڳǻʸҡ
Դϴεɽ֮ս֮󣬻ʸƺ˲Сı仯Ǽ֮´Ϣ̸ֹ飬ǻʸҵŮʸ·һһԭȵ߹ȫʧȡ֮ǸӵĹƧķƽʱѵõЦҲԽԽϡ١
ңʸƺϲһ˾ĴԼĸۡУܶʱվڴǰһǴ죬⵹Ǽ˻ʸˡ
ʸûʹҽʦϹȷʵ彡ûκεĲֻ֢ܹ֢ϴεɽսԻʸĸӰ졣
Ȼ´˽̸ֹϴδս飬ǻʸƺûжٺתȻÿ˷һ˷ö֮ƺѾϰָı䡣
㣬ˣ㣡ʸЦվԴӻʸԸ֮ҲֻͷСӻÿֹ㣬˵ĸɼһ㡣
ÿһλʸܶʳƷϡŹֵСƺרžΪ˶ԼһЦֻЧ΢ʸƺȫĸıԸ
ܵվʻʸվƽ˵Сܣ´βڴôණҲԲˣ
ǺǣҹТ˳쾭壡ʸƤЦ˵Ȼڰ֣뿪ˡ
վſ㶵Ŀ뿪ʸվſڷһȻ̾һתص˷䡣
뷿䣬ʸԼķȥߵ뷿ſڵʱ򣬽Ųһ٣˻һƺЩš
ϵı΢΢ȻŻתһ࣬һӰпһԵϣƺѾˡ

һ˲䣬ʸ𺳣˼飬ϲԼŭЦעԼʸͻȻһʲôˣܿ죬ϾͱŭռݣһǽϳһѱȻһ˲ǰ
ৣ
ʲô
Ĳϣʸϴŭ˵Ŀڽ
㣡
ԷñŲЦݲ䣬Ȼһ΢ЦĿǰĻʸ
ݸȶˣ欵ģ̶ѩһһŮΨһͬģʸϴһ˿߹š
ʸб΢΢ĲһѪۡ
㻹ѵ㲻ɱ㣿
ȻעŶԷϵıû˿ĸı䡣
֪㲻ᣡҾҪɱңһҪģ
ߣҪΪ컬ҾͲɱ㣡ֻҪɱ㣡ʸֻЩƺֱĿ⡣
ˣ
飡
һ仰ʱʸ㶵Ĳ֪룬ƺʲôݺݵػС


ڶٰʮ ĳŵ
ˣ
򵥵֣ʸͻȻоȫ·һ˲䱻ͿգȫƺһӿָоůģȻ
ָоǼ˲ԼģҲЩÿԼǰڵĺŴǲԼġ
һ仰ȴ̫
ΪһŮ˭ûлԼ㽵һ룬ǸŮǴŮһʸҲԼһ룬պҸԼеһʱԼʱ򣬽ԼޱĽԷ
һжǰ˸ٵˣںлʸԽһֱԼһŮΪŮˣȻԼһǡǳ֮Σ
оЩɬĸоʸ֪Լ²ȥˣĿһ
ҪΪҲɱ㣡Ҳɱˣ߰ɣ
˵꽫еıջأתڿߵһԵĴǰŴķ羰𿴵Լ˿̻ҵ顣
һ²Ѫ¶һ˿Ц벻Ů˾ȻҶ֡
ʸͻȻ̾һ
ֺ֪⣬Ҿûƭ㣬ʱ˶ѾкϾΨһĽⶾʽʹԹѡһεĻ˵ҳ֮ΣҲãҿҲ
ʸͻȻתŭĿƺĻʮַŭȴ̧֣˶ԷĻ
Һ㲻һ壬߹󣬴Сʳʳǣһݵ΢ûûȨûʵһС񣬵ǼʹҲԼĿ꣬ԼҪػĶҵĿ껹δɵʱǲԼģ
֪ҵ䲻㣬ȷʵϣܸһ㲹֪ŮһκҪҲҲʲôǻϣܹҵ뷨
ϾҪ뿪ˣϣܹһ˵ڸѡ񣬵һԴңýõǰǲҪɱңͱһܹĻҲ⣡ڶҵȷһûһУǣһᣬеʱ䣬ټϲ츳ŬԻḺԣͬĻҿԶ㸺ǻʸҲͬ⣬ǲúҾͻóʸӵʵʲоڣڲоߣǻУҾһ֪ǼϿɣΪҿԶ㸺Ϊֹ
𣬻ʸ˿̵зƺʲôݺݻУЩ֪룬ҵֽϵˮɾ
С󣬻ʸýʳǣڼһգȻٲ˴ڵ壬ԺգǰǲӬһŪԼȨƣƲʵǻʸȴδۿһۣΪܹһ۾ͿЩ˵ĳ
ЩҪôΪ˴ϻʸҪôǿԼɫԼ壬ڻʸУûһöҲΪ߹ԭ
ǣ죬ǰԼҪСϺüһȴʵʵĻ˻ʸǴط
ܹĳ겢Ϊ˻Լԭ¶˵ƭԼġҲòϣԼȷǱһжˣǡ
߰ɣҲɱҲԹ㣡ӽԺ㲻ҪڳҵУ͵֮ʲôҲδҾ͵ҵдδйһˣ
ʸͻȻĳ˵ûлͷƺǲ˿̵ߡ
ʱͻȻһ󵨵ĶֻһӳǰȻ󽫻ʸı˻У˫ĻסԷϸֵ֫廬ԴԷỬĳУ̰˱ŶԷǹŮе
㡭ſң
ʸû뵽ԼУȻô󵨣ѵһﻹԼ飿뵽ʸҪȴԼȫƺһ̶סˣԼѲĻ֮£ʸһҧԼĸ첲һȥʱѪ

ͻȻʹһǼʹȻû֣ϷеĻʸ
ڻʸĶС˵֪һңңһ죬һΪŮˣΪ˯Ůˣ
һ仰𼸺һһ䣬쳣ĽϢڻʸĶߣͷȴȫ΢һ飬ûһ̱ȫϣͬʱҲɿҧ졣
㡭ſңʸû뵽Ȼ˰Ե˵Եıʾ
Լ֣㵽ֹδκιֵ飬ֻĸ첲ȴ˴ƬѪʸ֮ǰһڿûκεԥ
ĻʸҵԼ˿̵Ѿȫû֮ǰ߰ɫһʧŮһ޶
̧ͷһ첲ϵľ޴ӡԼմѪĸ첲ʸоȻһ˿ڡ
ЦЦȻʸʡ
ΪҪԼ죬ʸһʶһ£Ǳһֽʵ˿ˡ
ʸ˿ߣ𻺻ؽϵԼĸ첲ʱֹסѪȻŶŻʸЦЦתһſȥ
ߵſڵʱȴͻȻͣסȻתʸϵı쳣ᶨ
һʱ䣬꣬꣬ʱҲĳһ죬һĳǰ㣬˯Ůˣһҵģ
˵֮𲻹˻ʸı֣Ȼת뿪ͻȻʧ
㶵վԭӰѾʧſڣʸϵı龹Ȼһ˿ߺ죬ͬΪǾ仰еŭջ̾Ϣһ
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ڶپʮ 
һСΪƫԶԵЩ
СϱȽҪһ죬Ϊ¡صʽʽ
һСַǷȫææµµţÿһ˵ȫı飬ƺʲô鼴
СΨһһ㳡һѾһȺˣȫļڹ㳡Χû˴඼ǵͷС˽ƺ¾ʲôһ㡣
ΧĹ㳡룬һԭľ֧ĸߴƽ̨ͻأĴڹ㳡ϣƽ̨ʮ׸ߣռ㳡֮һĿռ䡣
˿ƽ̨ˣһЩŮıʮּϣŮףͷЩң˿̵ı顣ǰŮûκӣƺѾ״
ĳͷȫǻãһ˶ýĳͷһС̸š
ʵҲԹ飬ҪԹԹĸ磬ҪɭֵôĳͷǸСӵֱӱˣǣˣѾͷҲడ﷣Աߵһ긾ŮƺЩȥˣ˵
꣬㲻˰СϵĻˣҲܵǣģһһæѵϴһĨ֣ĿһΧȷû˹ע֮˲ĵһݺݵصһߵĸŮ
˵ĶԻԽԽСֱȫ
ȵ㳡ԽԽ࣬ΪһȺػ»ȭʱ밲ԭڽ̸Ҳֹͣ˽̸Ŀ߽Ⱥˡ
ڻӵĻһֻߵ㳡ϯ̨λãһελ£̧Ϸľƽ̨ϵŮϿһۣȻޱջߡ
λļʽҲͬʱǼʽشҲ˵ˣϵһΪŭŭʹ﷣ٵ򣬵ΪֹѾʮԻڽɽԵʱܵϮԣĹأǽҪﷸѪˣϣܹдԭȺ֪࣬ٴν򣬼Сػ񣡡
񣡡
򳤵Ļո£㳡ͻȻһƬˢˢźڽʱȻһ磬ƺԼϵ
򳤵ͻȻ˫֣ȻȫٴΰȥȫĿ򳤣ȴʽĿʼ
ȫ򳤲תתƵƽ̨ϷŮ
򳤵ߣҲˢˢĽȫеŮϣû˿ͬ飬һ˿ֻ
飬븸״ϣ񵱳ȥΪպҾ׸л˵
Ů̧ͷΪͷֱӽ沿ڵԷ˿̵ı顣
ûУ
ЩȫȻŮտڲԣٽ
򳤽ߴϷջأȻһŵλͷ׷ųߵͷ
λԿʼˣ
һԵλߵõ򳤵ȻŻվһЩֵķֽ㳡˷£ֳдʣ˵˭ҲԣͬʱϽеķֽӵУЩֽȻȼȻȼճΪҽ
ܵ񰡣̹ɣЩСϴ
˵ֳ㳡ȫסҴƺ´ŵ˵ķ£ѹֵķΧ£ĳһ̣㳡ͻȻú
ԭůĹ㳡ͻȻúˣȻ磬һ޴ĺӰԹ㳡Զʮ׵ɭ̽Ӱ߾ȻֱӸ߳ɭֽʮס
ӴĺӰٶ죬գۼ侹Ȼ͵˹㳡ǰе𺳣ڣȫſڵϡ

Ⱥ˿еȻһʮ׳ľ޴ɭӴ׳оӣԼĹâҹС飬˸еĲ
ɭֵһ˲䣬㳡ʱ뵽˹İȫĹڵϣû˸̧ͷֱǰ
Ӵͷ­ǰĹ㳡ɨһۣ͵۾ڷǰƽ̨ϵŮ˿Ůȫɪɪ
ɭһƺ˼ʲôĳһ̣ͻȻоӣӴһ㳯ŮȥʽȻҪһڽŮȥ


ڶپʮһ 
ֻеǰһеľδ𣬾Ϊֱܱӻȥʱһ˻ͻȻ쳹㳡ʱԶһƬ
ʶģȫνĹأ͵͵̧ͷϷƽ̨һȴûų
ֱӲ֪ʱϷƽ̨ȻٴζһŮԷ˿վǰ䱣Լĵǰ
˿̵ʮʹҡˣǰϣһѽֱû壬ֻһض̱©棬ʣһŮĽ
ô£ǸŮ˵˭ЩŵĴϵı־ŭ
ˣȻҶ֣ˣ³ˣСһҪ⵽ĳͷģλͻȻ̱ڵϣϵı˾
λķʦĻ˵ϸһĨѵСҪѵҪ
ιǵ˭Ͻ
Ͻѵ뺦𣿡
˭ҵĺӣϽ
˷ĺ𣬴˿Ҳ˼ʲô涨涨ˣܵвʱ򣬴ѡ˷
Ůıһ·ȫ·˵ĺˣ۾ضǰŤɭ
Щ𾪵ĿǰͻȻֵŮһʱ侹Ȼ֪룬һ仰Ҳ
ɵôܹԼ׵ĽЩ˵УŮûлͷ˵֪⻰ǶԼġ
ӣ죡ϽȥŮ˸ҳЩŵĴֻҪŭ
ܿ죬һȺͳһװĻʼϷľƽ̨ȥǻδƽ̨룬Զɭڷŭˡ
ȻͻȻϮȻ󽫱ֱӲԼ壬ɭȻǷŭ֣˻һŤ˼ȻͻȻһԾƽ̨ϵŮȥ
ߣ󣬽Ҿ㣬Ϊ
ŮһȻ˫ִ߶һȭӡɭȥǶԷƺѾ˵ǻۣȻŮľ˿ɭѾ˹㳡У֪˿˲еĿɭıĿ˶һӴסˡ
ƺΧ˵ɫͻȻһתβһ˦ȻǰСϵһʱżľƽ̨Ȼ·ֽһ˲䱻βƮƮĸŪá

ŮͬʱһŮбµȥֻ廹ʮּϣܹжľˤȥ»ᱻ˲ˤ
ৣ
ͻȻ㳡ٴγһɫӰȻһ֣ȵر˻С
еٴ뵽˾ûиһﵽôͻȻɳġ
Сû뵽ȻлԼ־ͬϵˣԷһƯתȻס˵ȥ飬С̲סҪһˣ
ǽδеĺúڣǰͻȻһӰɭӴͻȻһԾصĳԼѹ£ΪС廹ڲϵ䣬ȫû㣬ܶ
ԼǰԽԽĺӰСһĨ֣
ߣ
ͻȻ·ĺһȻһԾӱһǹһǹصĻǰɭ
оʹಢûдС껺۾ȴͻȻվԼǰӰճǹͦأͷ·ǼǿıһԼǰеΣȫǰ
СݺһȻ˱ȥһ˲䣬ֻ˶ԷĲ棬һźɫ߽˵ݸԷıݡ
ΪʲôҪһأ
ͷСصˤȥ
ߣ
СոأȻоʹԷ˿̶ԷеĳǹѾݺݵش̽ǰڡ
û˿ԥһԾȻ߷ǰж飬žʧǰȥ
סҪߣŭȻŭȵ˽쳹׵ĸʽ
꽫еĳǹڣȻ˫ǹͻȻתһڶԷڲϽ裬˲һ޴Ѫⲻϻ䡣
޴ʹþ˲ԭȻӴɨ㳡Χ΢۵Ⱥ˿ѾһɢȻв˱ӴֱķѪ
䵽ϣƺûܵĴ㣬סǹ为̧ͷǰľһĨɱ⡣
𣿽Ҿǽǻ
£ͻȻǹһָǹͻȻźɫââĿҫۣȻ˵һ˲ƺı䡣
վھǰ鲻䣬ͦأȻǰԵСǾ˿̵޴оȻһĨ壬ƺеĳǹЩɵ
ĺӵͷˣǹ
ͻȻŭһȻ·Ͷǹһ㽫еĳǹǹ򣬴ҫ۵ĹâоȻһϵ؆죬ʮ׵ľת˲
ҪӴδƶǰǹֱӺݺݴ̽˾ĲС
䣡
ͻȻһըȻѪɣǰĹ㳡ƺһѪ꣬ȫѪҺմɢŵѪ⣡ʮֲ̡
ȻɱˣСľԶԶضţЩֵ˵


ڶپʮ 
ѪҺⲻϵǰĹ㳡ϣûļϱѪ⣬ȥʮֵĿֲͷ·ǰͻȻһѪꡣ
Ȼɱˣ
㳡еЩ˼Ŀǰ꣬ܣػСʮȻǰһнˣ
ûǰȺˣһ죬еɫǹأȻ˲С
ɫҰ׵Ŀǰ꣬ƺûд֮лָ
㾹ȻɱܵһǴģµ
ͻȻתµĵĶǰ򳤣ͻȻһ˵Ʊˡ
궢һۣһʶһ̲ʵЩˣԼһ֮ûɶǰһе־塣
ӣ
ͻȻһӣȻŮǰ˵뿪赲ǣ
С֪ڲʱתǰ鳯Сȥ
гǹǹͷ䣬˲ڻϣʽŮǰĻӳԱͱڵء
ͤ
Сһ仰Ȼ鲻ɷ˵Զȥ꿴ԶȻųǹһ
ȻԸ򣬽Ҿɣ

Сͤ˵ͤʵһưܵС֮ǰͤѾʴĲӣȫʧֻʣһò֤Ĳɣ
һ·ܵСɿ֣ḧԼؿڣʹ˳
Ϊһ·ŷܣЩңͷɢڼϣ˿ҲڵĴЩûдӸղŵзӦ
ˣ
СһƨɶڵϣȻתһԵ飬ָָϵĲƺҲϢһᣬѵ㲻۰
Щ˼ĿһǰŮлллǾң
лңҪллǸһɣҪͻȻ֣¾ֱӽСȥˣ
Сںİڰ֣תһԵС·֪ǸһﵽܹܲЩ˵ľ
ϵĻģû°ɣЩĵ̧ͷԶ
İɣǸһﾹȻܹһǹɱǵʵӦˣԸϵЩûʲôģ
СĻո£һӰԶ˲ԣӰ£֮ǰꡣ
֣С¶һ˿ĵЦ⣬ڷеĵǡ
ڻˣСʮ˵ι㵽˭ȻҶûڹ㳡з㣬벻䱾ͦ
С꿴ԷѪϵĺɫҲѪɫЩֲ
㡭㲻ǽЩ˶ɱ˰ɣ
СЩȵ˵һԵŴ˻ϵı麧Ȼƺ˶ԷĻΪɱϵˡ
ƺû죬һۣȻ̳ߣЩ˵׷
˵߻ת˵İɣֻǽǹԹԷŵδ˼
һ·ߣ·С굽Ƕǰ˲СȤ
ιΪʲô߰װ𣿡
ιʲô֣
ιǹĲ˭ģ

һ·Сͷ·һֻСһϵòҪݣζԷһⶼشֻǱһ·ɴܣںСһҧгݺ޲óǰȥץסݺݵҧڡ
걳һ·ǰ·ƺĵʮϤᳵ·ּ䴩󣬺ܿҰоͳһưܵɽ
Ųɽǰͣ£껺е¡
ʱһ£ֱ뿪
İɭֲ㿴ưܵķӻܹסѵŮҹ
һǰưܽСʮֲĴǰĻԣʮֲ⡣
ûԷϵĳۣȻתһϪȥ
鿴һŭЩŵС꣬ͻȻһЦȻæǰ·Ŀʼʰ𷿼䡣
ƺֻܹˣСֻһ̯֣ϪϴϵѪۣ鶯۾ͻȻһȻ͵͵سſȥȻСߵ걳
СҪӺժ¶Էʱ·һ͵һתվĶǰЩŮ

û뵽ԷȻͻȻתСŵþһȻ˾ŵ˼պòȵϪ̦߳ʯͷϡ

һСͻȻվȿʼĴץȥ
Сģ
һȻæȥԷĸ첲
ԷץԼСͻȻһתȻĴҡڣװܡСġһϵߣһӸץ

ߵһ˲䣬СҲ˶ԷݣǵԷòС̲סк


ڶپʮ 
һʲôװ
СЩ֪룬֪Լ⸱ףеѾ׵֪롣
˰̣
һߵȫǺ˵˰̣ͷ·һ㣬ݺύʮֺˣҴ˰̽ٺͷ·һڶԷϣһۿȥ˵Ϸ·򼡣

ʧ֮£СһҲȻΪͬʱһˮС
δĻ갲СȴͻȻֶԷ峯Լһõ뷨δڣ촽ѾݺݵӣСϡ
·һ˲䰲ˣеһжʧˣֻб˴˶ԷСЩŵĵɴ۾ǰ꣬˵Ĵؿ£һ֮˽ĿŶԷ˫סˣСеľʧ롣
ӣ
·ʱͣ˺þãСоԼҪϢʱæƿԷϵĴΧˮ
ȡ
һ㶣ƺû뵽ԷȻˮԥĳȥȻһܣС걧ԼУٵε˰ߡ
˿һǵĿˣ׺úõôͻȻ˺ˮС
꽫СŵߣǶԷȴ˫ۣƺ뵽ϢС
û°ɣЩĵʵͬҲժߵףȻоȣȴǿûбֳκεĲԡ
ɫ࣬üͷطŵСıǼ̽һ£һҧȥҪԷ˹
ǼԷʱСȴ۾˵ľ뾡ߣ˴˶ӡ
ģ۾ǡÿߵ꣬Ӧϵİ̺ʱŷ·ͻȻ˸ղŵ顣

ŵ̽ǰһƿȻʶ˼ЩʧĽץ֡
һڵأŮı֮ͻȻһͣȻ·ʲôһ㣬ͻȻߵһĺӱߣӵϼߣĴϣĬתһԵķС
ı֣СͻȻһоһʹ·Լʲôһ㣬ʶתһ飬Щ
Լƺ֮䣬˺

̧ͷǰĺĳǽȻһЦµĸ·ڸϵ˴еĵһĿĵء
̧ͷǽϵġʯǡ壬·ܹоĲɣµϴʯѾϴˢĿӿݣưܲԵɭųǵĲͬ졣
ǵ˰̧ͷһΧ𳤳һһ̶̶ҪĶô
һ磬κεļ壬ǿռȴޱȣ֪һֵĿռ价ȴΣ쳣ʺסļ㿪ʼһЩ񼫵ķӽ൱ڷ𣬾ö֮ﷴ϶˵ãɱ¾ɣҪȴһֵĹأǾǱҪʯ½Ψһʯĵطʯɽ
̧ͷһǰʯǣһƺʯʲôϵ
磬Ƚǰɣ̸һϸϢϾɲʲôطҪ֮ģ̶ЦŴΧĻĻΧ˸ɫҴң˽࣬ɱڸղţȻΪһС¶֣һ˱ֿ·ȴ·˾ռһĮġ
Сһ㣬ķΧЩŹ֣ΧɨӹϵıЩء
磬ΪȻȥˣĻİȫҲǶһݱϰ̶Щֵʵ
Ҳļ壬ɽٴڤڽԹԣұһʵ˻ȥտż壬ʡЩ˸ҸС
̧ͷһգǼķȻС岢δԼʲôг󣬵ڵȴԼûʲôԹޣϾүүѪǵ뿪ǰĵط
̧ͷٴοһǰĳţǰĳשܵǹѹֵϢһĨء
ңǽǣ

ҹɫɺС˫˫ԼСȣԶµɨСϵıЩ
´ʲôһ㣬СͻȻ͵վȻźڰеȥ
ղŵ¡ԡԲˣ
˼ľģСڽԥ˺þõĻ
̧ͷɫƽĿһۣȻͷǰĳǹ
û£˵ԲңҵӡһŻ˰ɣ
ûûУСæڰ֣ĲˣֻЩѣҲǸйµˣ
˵С껺ߵԷ£ȻЦ˵ҽк裬ԽС꣡
ٴ̧ͷһ۶ԷСϵЦʱŻصͷ
ҽС棡


ڶپʮ ʯ
ųǰĳ飬̶Ҳֻεڶ룬û뵽һƧɭСǾȻ˸ߵǰȺ𲻽Щп
ȻСǲ󣬵ΪǽʯɽΨһͨ·ЩҪʯɽֻܹǣƺ٣
ƺǿеɻ̶һЦŽ͵ĵطͻȻһ׵ŮȻʮټ̶ҲΪΧȺеĽ㣬˶תƵ̶ϣ̶ֻ˿ȴȫӶĽ̸š
飡
ͻȻһӰײ˳ȥȻˤڵ³һѪûϢ
ģøλöԸ⣬ӸӲŲӣȥȺͻȻһֵ
ǰͻȻɱΧȫţ䵭ƺûзһƺԱ࣬ΧӶ
ſڵҲ̧ͷƮƮɨһǰȻһԺһȥűͷ
̶һۣһЦ˴˶Է룬Ȼһɱ¾֮˵ԣģƷȫʧеĽ̰̰ɱ¾
ŶĻڿҩֵ˵ʱȴͻȻֽǵƺǰʲô
ǻҪǮЩɻ˵
Ӧ̶ڳǰһۣ׼ǵ˽һ˻Уĵ˵ڴķȻ´򿪴ӿһ۲һַС
ڻмֵʱͻȻĸ˳ȻĴһ嵽ȺУ嵽ǰ棬ֱǿƵվ̶ĺ档
ٺ٣ƯС椣ѵҲ׼ȥʯɽǺǣɲС˶ܹȥģҪŴҰɣһúõıģ
վ̶ǸͻȻһаЦݴ̶޼ɵ̶ɨɨȥԼĿ⡣
ٺ٣ѵûп˼𣿾ȻȻϷ˼ҵСŮѣ˶ƺݵǸ黨СӰһͿԹεѵ㻹ָܹ㣿
ٺ١
ԷĻո£ΧһȺ˷ǵûж̶еͬ飬һϷ飬ƺʮڴҪʲô
ǰļ˲ӣԭδֵطܹ³ԵҲ͹ȥˣǵԷҵ̶鷳ʱڱñ
оϴıϢ˺ͬһ㶣۵ʱٴλָ˵
ģѵҪһëû޸סˣһȻЦĿǰ̶ֳŶԷȥ
ۣ
δ˷Ӧһ⻮Ȼϱһֻϱۣ˵ĸ첲Ϻ󣬲ͻȻʼѪ
ƺЩףϵĶϱԼϴʹ֮˲໵һУʹ
ôܣ
ͬЩ˼Ŀǰƺ벻һģεȻ˲俳Էһֻ첲ǸǸû˿ζֵġ
ɱ
ŶϱۣϵıЩĿ޲Ѫ⡣
̳ɫƵĿ𣬿ǻδǵοѾߣ
أأأ
ţӰɳȥײһǽϣȻҲû
Χ뵽˰˶û뵽ǰŮȻǿǼоȻĸ󺺣ˮȫһƵУû˿ˮ
ˣ˿̸պ̶ֵǡ
ƺղŵıĴһۣص̶϶࿴˼ۣϾĵطܹһƯӼֱǧ顣
Ƿѣһ弶ħˣȻҲԽһħˣͿֱͨСֳ
ħˣ
һ㶣ȷӦʱ̲סҪŭһ䣬ֱ˲գ۰һħˣʯǵô׬ǮǼֱһ֡
̶ͻȻתȻ󻺻һֹѪߣ̶ͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⡣
һ׼㹻ǷѰɣ֪ҵ˼𣿡˵̶֮ͻȻһ˿ʡ
̶۾ͻȻһ٣Ȼʶ뻳ͳһɫڴ̶У̶Էͣƺٿһ㡣
ĵ˵еĿڴ̶תһЦЩСеĿڴȻ󻺻߻أŵС
˵ע£꽫ĸ˸ˣ˶ԷϵħˡǻһĻȴĮģһħ˵ĿͻȻһһӡ
У


ڶپʮ ̽Ϣ
ʯһȽϴĿջʱΪӿʯǵͻȻӣֱӵ˲ٿջеķ۸ǵһǧһɼʹȻӦ
ʯǵص㣬ɱ¾ɣû˱˫һԹһԹǲֱˣû˻š
ĿջѾ緹ˣһƬæµֵľ
ι˵εĶƺ˲ٵĺ֣
ΧŸԵĻ⣬ҺԵʮӡ
ţƺ껹Ҫ࣬ϾһֻһεĻᣬǴεĶᣬֻܹȵˣ
ٺ٣Ҫ˻治٣Ҫ֪ǳ˲¹ͷĵطѵǻΪ磬ŮˣЦ
ٺ٣ȥһ¾֪ˣʲôŽجΣµʱǾ֪ԼϵжôҸʱЩˣܹ߳˿޼
ڴεĶһۼ˲ٵĺܣμĶᣬ˵ͽ֮ˣ֪ܷʲô֣
һеģʱҲҪСһ㣬ջãҲҪܲźã
ϵļʱͻȻԱ߼ھʱСһһӵĸ첲ֱоƱеľ˿ϣǶԷ˷·ûпһ㣬ҡڵſȥ
վס
ӳû۾𣿰ѴүľƸŪˣ׼ô죿
ӵĻ꣬Աߵļֵַ̽ŵϣʱ׼֡
Ӻǳһλ꣬ԷŲһ٣ȻƫƣƮƮɨһǰļˣٴνջأȫûнԷС
ԵΪ˳˵°ɣ
Ūøɾ㣬Ѫ
üͷһ壬ȻͷҲصֱת뿪ˣ󻹸żģŮܹһԴڶ˽ʯǣɼԷǷ֮Ҫ֪˭ݣҪʯǿǶҪħ˵ġû뵽ԷȻһԴô࣬ͿԿԷС
ȵеү뿪꺺ӲŻתǰ˿߶Ѿе˶ȤĿߣеоȻһ˿ڴ
ղſ̣ӾѾЩˣֻʯֵط˵Ļ»˲ΪصЦ
ô⳥
վǰƮƮĽƺ׼ͽ⡣
ԷôһֻȴȻŭڵɱ
ү·ŪˣɨǼˣ˵ôڵĺ
ͻȻ뻳ȻͳһŻɫħˣ߽ħΪΣ
߽ħˣ
˻һʱ뵽һƬףҪ֪߼ħѾڶʼǿˣΪħǿķԣЩ߼ħֱӺǿ߶Կ
ˣһԷеħ˾Ȼ߼ħˣ϶𾪣ſԷħ˵ͱû
ӺĻȻҲˣЩȶԷȻóһ߽ħˣԷĻԵЩ
źۼĻϵıװֻ࣬˿е˷Ѿ
ٺ٣㻹ʶ࣡
˵ӾҪȥöԷеħˡ
ۣ
еֻоǰһȻӵһֻ첲Ѿ˵ϣͻȻȻһץסԷͷȻץŶԷԴ
ôȴ޷ѶԷЩ죬һ;޴׶ߵıδ󺺾Ȼһֻһҵ˵ָڶԷоͷ·żһ򵥡
һݣͻȻһ任żһĽԵֻ첲Щֲ
˸첲ı仯Ҳʼ˸ı䣬޴Ȼһˮһ㲻ϵıѹСòΣ˵ƾͷ·һ޴ܣϵŶԷϵľ
˵ע£һգ۵Ĺԭߴ׳ĺӾȻ˲СƤͷá
һУɺɫͷǣƺЩ̫⡣
һ弶ʦԪ˰߲˷ҵʱ䣡
һ˦еʬӵϣתſȥ
ھ̨ʱƮƮһ˦֣һɫĿڴ˦̨ϣһһרעһߣղŷ飬ƺ˿⣬ֻרעĿԼеĶͷ·ڿԼˡ
ЩΪڿջɱ˵Ĳɣ
˽ûеȶԷظȻת󲽵˳ȥ
ֱ˿߲Żؽߴǰ뿪ִһĹ̨ղµĿڴķе˵࣬ȻӵһԵСٴתƵԼеϡ
ʰɾʬ崦
ƮƮ˵꣬Ȼˣһ˰ϴе
̴һһջʬԱߣֱӽ̧ʬһˡȫûѾŵ̱ڵϵ顣
áùĹ
Ĭ˰Σ˿ڸ̾
ڴĽУһŮ˴˶һۣӶԷпһĨȣӻͳҷŵϣȻվһŮ
ߣȥᣡ


ڶپʮ ް˿ʮ
̶һջ˳ŽֵѸٳʯľ޴㳡ȥ
ղǸһʩչӦһֹɣù죡벻ոʯǾȻôص
ţȷһֹֻĹƺЩԣѵûǸӵֻʣƤͷ𣿡̶͵ĽֵԣʹѾʮֵĵ͵ˣǽɫòȴߵﶼ˵Ŀ
һܣЩЦ˵̫ƯҲδǼ°
̶ɫһ죬Щĺݺݵصһۣȴ¶һĨСɵĻȣɼĻʮֿġ
̶˼ǶԷľѪŽѪҲˣ
̶һĨͷ˵Ҳ֪ҸоĶԲԣǸڽԷɱ֮ڵԪһСĸƺӵԪȫˣ
һ㶣ȻܹԪǲֱӹɱ˲ϵļȡԷԪͿˣ
̶ЦҡҡͷûôŵģԷĹǿƺЩˣҲӵʵһʵһζ׷׾Ľ
ͷҲ̶ͬĻǶԷ칦Ļ¼ھͿԴʦһԾױȥӵļڴ½ˡ
ȻԼľһʽ߱ɶԷԪǽһС֣ڶԷһ˲ȡԪʹ˶Ѿǳ
ʯǹȻԻ̾вӿһĨǿս⣬ǿһҪҲҪ
磬ǵˣ
̶һỽ˼صʵУ˿Ѿվһ޴㳡Χ㳡ΧļȺʱᱬһ򶷵졣
ֱ׵ľ޴㳡ȫŲ֪ʯɫɫ㳡ķΧеЩ졣˿ļӴ˴һ㳡Ѿһࡣ
ڹ㳡λã߳׵ĸ̨˿̸̨ΧѾվ˳Ļ࣬䣬һͲͨĻ
˿̸̨ϷһľΣĿλȻΪĿ׼ġ
ˣ
ৣ
֪˭һȻ㳡ʱһ٣˵ˢˢĳڹ㳡ʯ̨ϣԭһ˵ľϴ˿Ѿһˡ
ÿ֣
۾һղûпռ䲨ԷѾ˹㳡룬һʲôٶȣֱ˲ơ
˵ʵǿ
̶һʣȻ˵ȻԷεĺܺãȻͨķ̽һ˿
һ㶣̶ܹоϢ
Ҫ֪ղҲþȥ̽ǶԷϷ·ʲô̽˼ûв̽ԷԪֱͨɡ
ţʮޣ磬ҪЩˣ̶һĨء
ͻȻֵ˴Լʮҵӣȴû˸Сܹɱ¾ΪɵʯǳƨҲܹ³ԷԲǵ֮
·ɨ˼ۣȻͻȻһ㣬߾Ȼ߿۾һܿͽת˹ȥ
صԪѵҸоˣ
ҡҡͷᣬӸµĸ·Ⱥ
ÿҪʤܹŴǸط߳ȴ֮٣֪ȻΪλ˶֮͵Ҫ𣿡
ĵһ仰˲ȼ˹㳡ϵգһǵȼһž޴ıȫһĿǰĳ
Ҳǣħ֮ĳ˲¹ͷĵطֻɱ¾ɣԣҪҪʱ˸Դ׼
еЩ֪Щ˲֪ҿԸռһ£ް˿ʮϵĴڤƿأкպİ˴ǰ˸˲ֱƿߣĹؼˣǽ뵽Ϊʮɣ
˻һʱȭȻǵʮʱ˵۾ͨ죬ȻһĨȡ
ø֮ǱһӦʱܹй½֮ϳǼ֮⻹ʲôطȥ
һĨ⣬Ȼǲܻø֮ȥһ¶ΪǴ洦
˵ѾԼȫĸˣͻȻ¶һ˿ζЦ⣬ȻһеǰǡҪͱͨҵĿˣ˶ȥôǾֻܹΪ˵ĵˣ


ڶپʮ п
ƬǻȳһٵǰӣԶĻͻ֣ᷢǰƺƵȺ·γһԾĺɽеĳһȥ
һȺʵǿɵŶӣǿһ
ڶΣ̶ԾظǰȺĲԼӣ˿̶Ѿ뵽ɽ֣ܹģĸоΧһ޵ʵǿħޣֻǶԷȺ˵Ŀ̫࣬һֱδ
̶ɫ˿̶Щÿüͷƺ˼ô飬̶¶ԥ֮ɫνתһԵ𣬳ȴֲ֪οڡ
磬Ҫȥ𣿡
ņ̶̀ͷֱǰ룬˿֪Էе뷨
̶⣬¶һ˿Цȴֲ֪λص
̶Ҳû뵽龹ȻᷢչһŵǾԲ֣ǵʱ˶ߣ
ǶεЩ𾪣̾һ
û뵽龹Ȼ

βμӿ˵ʮּ򵥣ھʯʮ·ɽУһشƫƧ£¶֮һűסһмļ塪һ壡
ǵ壬ȻϳգֻҪܹʮǾӵʸʯɽ
סǰûУЩǴ˴жҪô;ܵȥռ°ɣ
޷ԼʱԼϵı飬ԿΧϵı飬û𾪣ûоȣеĽһ˿ϲ⣬ƺε׳̶ʮ⡣
壡
ԣһ֮ս֪ΪʯΪλὫìͷָһ壬ǿԿʯЩμѡεĳԱΪǾܵı档
赶ɱˣֶٺòģԼǰȺ˻ɱ˲գ۵ɱ˿ħ
ԺԼԼһȺ˵ĻĻᶼûУ뵽͸оؿһƣ·ʲôѹؿϢЩѡ
ͻȻǰĶ黺ͣ£ȻǰϢˣ
̶վһɺ棬üͷϸĴǰ
ҹҲ˯ʱ򣬿ǰϵļôҲ뵽ǽӭһֲб֮ս
űУ˿ɻԽŻסǽƾ֤գԣǧҪռ
˴·ʯǻ˵Ѵһ㣬СΧͬ飡
˵Χ˵ɫ仯̧ͷһɽϷĳǽʱ֮ǰԣҪˣҪ֤ԼɱҪܵռᣡ
껤꣬˵߿ͷϷĳǽʱһĨ˷ܡ
ϣ
֪˭һȻΧͻȻһɫ£ֻһȳһĺӰӣϷĳǽȥ
磡
̶ЩǵĿһԵ𣬶Էת̶¶һ˿̫ȻЦ⡣
Ǹȥ
˵̶ҲȺѸٵĳɽȥ
һ˻֮Χٴ뵽˰С
ɫװ˴˸ǷȻ׼ֵࡣ
ۣۣ
ͻȻݺݵشǰ˵ţһкûбֱ̱ڵϡ
˵֮ǰͻȻӥεعסһԵұڣһӰһӳ֡
ȳ˿ǰصһĨ˷ܣǰһ˺ϵգ̲ס¶һ˿Цݡ
ٺ٣ŵˣֱҲ̫
ۣ
δĻ£ͻȻӱ󴩹һֱֱֻۣӽؿڴ̴ֱѪ⡣
Щ˼ĵͷһ۴ԼֱۣȻ˱ȫ̱ȥ
ٺ٣ֵܣѵ֮ǰҪСΧĻ飡
Էһݸ߸ЦһȻֳӶԷùգһ˿˷ܣУȻһӣԶŸۡȥʣµκεĻᡣ
һͷ˻ɱ¼Χƺ˾ռߣΪǱͲͬ飬ǹͬߵһ
飡
ӰӴ·ʱԭѾ̴һ͵سշһ޴ıըҹɫµ𣬴ĿĹȫǲһŹʧٴλָ˺ڰ밲
ã
ոճЩɫѿ˵Ŵ˵Ļ£ϵĳǱƺһ˲ˡͻȻһ̺ŻԪĵͳź쳹ɽĸۡ
Ϯ


ڶپʮ ս
Ϯ
ųƵ쳹ɽɽׯ·ʲô˯ĶͻȻˡԭɽׯʱǻ𣬺ܿɽׯͱӳյ硣
̶һ¾ͿǰһĻϵıһ㣬ǰǿһĺ嫵ĵǻȺռɽׯΧֱ˿ŷΪйϵļ塣
˿ԼٵˣϲӿһĨأһĨõԤС
ʲôԷǼ壬ʵβ룬ײвЩɶǺ֣ѵǣ
ͻȻһ˴ԣ仰Χ˹̺۳ȥ
սһЩȳѡѾׯںսɫԪԼĹɽׯʱ
磡
սһȻЩŵĿǰһУ˿Ե̰õ̶ȵķŴ
ңǽׯΧɨһۣǰпɱ¾Щء
˲δսһ·űԵشׯȥ

ͻȻһˣ̶ǲһŭ߹
飡
飡
ȭΣȻֽϵճ£һۻԵˣǸˣʱ˯һ°ɣ
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̶ִܽһׯڽ˿ѾһƬǽ壬սɱһƬңɱźʹһ𡭡·뵽һƬҡ
ৣ
ͻȻӰɽׯӶվڽݶϣɫĿ·Ѿսһֳ
峤һʯǵǻ˸ģ
λõһλˣŲɢݿʣǷѿԷʵ䡣
ƽı𣿡̧ͷһ·սȦȻͻȻȵ˺Ӵܹܵսȫսȫߣ
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һһȭȻȥִ
˵ͷע·ս£еӿһĨҪһ壬Ǿȫɣ
ĳһ̣ͻȻͦأȻ·ȵһỤȨߣ
˵Ԫǹһ쳹ɽׯڲȫ
峤峤ˣ
峤ˣ̽󣡲ߡ

˵·һ䶯һʿȫηĿʼֿǿУǼʹˣѡһȻƾžԵԼʵڻոһ
峤Ļ£½½˴ӽȻɽׯеĹ㳡̶˲Ѿ˽ˡ
ৣৣ
ͻȻĵӰȻ˷ֱռһϥ
ͬģԪϢԪˣҺỤ󣡡
һͳ·ͻȻ֣һɹɵԪֳĵеλߡ
ͻȻӵӴλߵɫҲЩǺ죬ƺڿ֧ţĳһ̣˷·ͬһ㣬ͻȻеԪźݺݳſĳһݺȥ
ĹӴڿںȻصײһɴĿıըԪ֩һ㿪ʼѸٵӣ̶˲䣬ѾɽС
ãԷ˻󣡴ץɾͳȥˣ
̧ͷеı仯ɫ󺧣æǰ֣ſ׼ߡ
ͬ·һ͸ıĤڵסˣеιֶû˿ı仯
Ǽգ۵Ĺǰɽͷͱ׵İΧ˹Сս˰ΧУûκܹܳȥ
̶һ·ܣȻ뽨ڣ˴һ˽ȥ
磬ʲôѾҳһˣ
һ̶¶һ˿οЦ̶֪жʮֲҲûа취ֻܹӦԲǵˣֻҪȫͺãѾܹƿصˣ
ա̶֪Ҫľ
õģѾˣͻȻ¶һ˿ЦݣȵǽˣֱӴѡǹǾҪĸһﲻˣ
̶һ㶣ܿ˼˵ͷƺҲֻ취ˣ
̶ͻȻĿ㶵ĿԼ󣬻ΪԼղŵĻ𲻿ˡ
磬ҡ
̶һ£û뵽ȴİ˰֣Ȼ̶ָָ
ʶת̶ǾͿǽǵǸСŮԷ˿һżֵĿˣ¹ɪɪŻˡ
Ƕǻ
СŮЩֵǽȻ۵ЩĽ
̶һۣӶԷп˾ȣε¶һ˿Цû뵽ԼײȻһСѾͷ
СŮϵգ𼷳һ˿ЦݣԼһ㡣
СãǲǻˣЩ˲ǻˣǱ׷ϵģ㿴λ㣬ǻ𣿡
СŮ̧ͷ̶ϸĿ˺þãƺ̶òˣ˺ðҡҡͷ
Ưǻˣ
̶һЦһȻٴοڽСãһΣգ쵽ժȻĻ鷳ģ
СŮͷһգȻҡҡͷȴ쳣ļᶨ˵ѪĴУҲܹ˽ߣ
Σأ
ȥ򻵵ȥˣҲˣСŮпʼỨ
ͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⣬Сùԣǲޣȥҵòã
ģ
СŮһ鶯˵ĹʣСŮһҲǸǵŮˡ
ȻģҺλƯĽ̾ʹȥЦָָһԵ̶Է߿Լ̶ҲһЦ¶һĨ΢Ц
̶ЦݣСŮͻȻΪЦȻ󻺻شǽվ˫ֱСޣŽѾ
ԷһаЦݳԼһĨЦ⣬ԼȽСѾͷոժȻĻΣյġ
СŮԼӣЦǺǵ˫֣ǾڶԷһԵĴǰʱͻȻӴһѳǹֱӴСؿڣһӰڴǰһѽϵڡ
ٺ٣ȻգֱǲѴ֮׬ˣ
һѳеգȻСŮʬӵϣһʧԶ
ֻʣ̶𾪣ڵϻ˫ֵƣǱղųǹ̴СŮؿʱһѪñ֮ǰЦݡ



ڶپʮ ŭµ
㶵ǰڵϵСŮʬ壬ϴͣƺûдӸղŵһзӦ
ԼǰɰСѾͷͱԷ̵ɱˡ
ֻоȫһɻڷڣδҪɱ˵ĳ嶯·һɱ˵
ɱˣ
ԣọ̈̄ԺȫСŮղŵЦݣԼǰһδŵľ鱻˲̵ɱˡ
硭
̶ЩĵĿ鷢̫ͻȻ˭ҲûϵȻȵ˷ʱСŮʬѾӵ˵ϡ
ͻȻջظ첲Ȼ󻺻վӱѪħϵıƽĿ£ټϱϵѪ˿̵·ڽһɱ䡣
̶Щ𾪵վԣܹԵĸоϢڱ仯֮ǰϢȫɢȡ֮һİıԵԨϢûһ˿
磡
̶ЩĵĴһһѾ˳ȥ
Ӵڳ䣬վڷϣһ˿ûκαĽԺеľɢǵɽׯ
ر۾ǿľ·һž޴֩ɽׯ׵ĸ档
ģÿһ˶˵λãʲô飬ϵı飬Щڲǣ𶼿ġ
㳡У˶ڼҵɱһһԼĶ֣ȻӶԷϳ´Ѫգ¶һ˿յЦݣǽЦݾˣһһ̴ؿڡ
ϵ˵£űըɽׯ˲˼γɺһĳȫ㳲Ⱥеһ㣬ݺݵ˺ΧĶ֡
ѡڶ࣬ټʵףʹŲʵǿĳϺִ£Ȼѡָסˣܿݱһɱһһɱ
ۣ
һһ޸֮ŮˣȻϳգ˳㻹ߵظһ
ԿǵĿŮǵľźЩֵѡϵŵı顣
̶̵ĲһʱɽׯΪ˼ûЩٿžȺзɿţܿ죬߾ͼеһУ֮ǰɱСŮǸһ档
ҵĿ꣬û˿ɣȻһԾڷϲԾ˱ԵʱһԾȻԽʮ׵ĿնֱӵһԵķС
˿ǸɱСŮļһ׼ԷеһŮ֡ͻȻ͵һͣƺЩȡ
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һ˫ۣɢźϢŶԼСܶȫûнС
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飡
ʼΧǽ϶ղŵĹһ϶ͻȻһȻ󷿼ǽڿʼĳѺۡƺʱݵĿܡ
۵밮ڷǽɨһۣгȣû뵽ԷƽһȻֱӽΧǽȫǵҪǿʵ
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˫סѪħվڴǰڷûеƹ⣬ֻܹ͸ɫս߿˿̾ͷ·ƿر
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ӷֿ۵ͻȻǰһĨҪ㻹۵㣡
˵һȭӳ˽ľ÷Դ𲻶಻ŶԷ˫ƶһʱ˫ͻȻһһƾݺݵش̽˶ԷԺС
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ԺٴСŮĲ״ͻȻٴֻ첲ȫĴ˶Է壬һഩ˳лһŲĶ˵ࡣ
˵Ҫˣ


Ƹ۵һ
·սʹһĳѾȫԱȻ赲ȺǻȳһӶߡ
ǵĿȷյ˾ͷǲ˻Ǻӣ˻ǸŮֻա
ܿдӶѾգǵͼʱȴķǰͨ·Ȼһ㿴Ĺָ赲ˡ
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˿ʼЩֵĴܿΧ֪ϢԽԽ࣬ʼϵشӸӶվ㳡ܡ
ȫһľ룬ǵգ̫Ļⲻᱻ˵Ȼ֣ϾȻĿһȴͬ˹ϵ
˿ѾԽԽ˷ص㳡ЩĵֱӳȥȻƴŹֳȥеĹٳŹȥǰĹֽ΢΢һȴûбơ
Χ˵ɫԽԽѿڿʼʶԣɫҲѿ
ৣ
ͻȻԶһ峤У䵽λǰ
Һ󹥻ģʽ
˵峤ͻȻ΢ʼϵؽӡ㳡·ڵҲʼٵͬĶϰͬʱһ漫𺳡
Ҫ׼ϣȻ˶
ͻȻиɫһ䣬ΧȺȻȳ·˳ȥ
ԷĶ༸Ҳ֪ڱȻĻ˭ҲӲȥ
ߣڲŷôѾˣ
峤һȻͻȻִӱ󽫱ָգʱһҰԭ˲ܲ
峤ͷϷ̱һ磬Ѹٴ峤еĳϣѳѸٱ˹⽣
󡪡ſ
峤Ļ£Χտʼ֮˾ֵеƱ仯ϵıЩѿ
䣡
һͻȻնʱ˰ɫΧĹ˲Ϩ·һ˲뵽˾ԵĺڰС
⧲֮ڰУæȼѣæЯĿڴͳʯһƺδ𵽶ãʯǻѣӳյķΧȻֻһҡ
Ҳ˵ЩǾͷ·Ǻڰеĵǻһ㣬ֻܹԼΧһ˵ľ룬֮Χȫīľɫ
콵׷š
峤˫ͻȻ£ڵҹɫֻһȻƺ綼뵽˰ǰĺڰһ㾲׵Щ¡
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˿еı仯̲סź˻һ䣬㳡ʱҡΧ˿ʼŴ˷ӳȥ
ûõģ˭Ҳӳȥһµɣ
峤վУɳɳ죬Χܲеı֮һɨ·϶ˡ
׷죡
ԭڵҹɫͻȻһǿ⣬Ȼе׷˲䣬صȺС
䣡
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һ˲䣬㳡ٴγΪ˼˶ڻڲټڶ࣬ÿһε׷¼ܺݺݵػмùļһ
Ӱڲӣ
֪˭ߺһȻҿʼϬĳһԵĽдȥ׷糤۾һ㣬ݺݵ׷ֻҪ׷У˾ͻ̱һѽ̿
磡
̶ЩĵŴ⣬ȥǿ˶һ峤ƺŭˣ
վڴǰл֮ǰǸСŮеգЩɢŴ⣬ƺδӸղСŮѳ
磡
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ʮ˱ץסŽΧȥе˵ʵԼǰ
ţ̸Ӵ򿪴󣬲ȻĻǾͻɱǵˣ
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·ļʮ̧ͷգЩǣҪ֪ԷץŵĿԼͬѪ˰
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ԷĹʧʮ۾һȻ࿴˱˴һۣʼĳŹ㳡ȥ
Ͻӽ򿪣ĻеЩ˿ɾͼ̫ˣ
峤ͷ·ɨһۣȻ̧ͷΧĽ˿ɽׯѾٻĲƲ˼ȺǿһգܹʮʤȻʵһĳϲǰȺʵ̫ˣȳһɱ֮
塪ˣ
뵽һ㣬峤ͻȻһ˿·ˣɫ˹
ǣһ弸ĴдδųߣҲκθǼߵõκεĺô죬Ǽ֣֮ͬЩħһµɣŻŵ˻ὫһľѪԶȥ
仰峤еıͻȻصĻȥ


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·ǧ峤˫־űµһ˲䣬ʱ·һ˲뵽ͣ͡
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峤
һλЩ˼̧ͷԷƺԶԷжЩ⡣
죡ǼѾ壬ֻܼϣЩߵѪҺϣΪܹȡʱ䣬Ϸﶼϧ
峤ͻȻվУȻ󽫱֣ɨ·ĴأиղŵıըըԼˡ
ȫԸɱߣ
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峤ͻȻָգȻŭȵɱ
䣡
ǵص䣬еֱ䵽Χ˵ķУǱеؽ˲ͻᱻΪƽء
ɫǺ죬֪ЩпܻδˣһֻԵĴǿ´ļʼΪ㡣
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鷢չһЩĿѾô򵥣ɱӣֵǮĶȫһɨ⣬е˵ʬ壬ˣŮС
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ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôҪȫɱ⣡Ϊʲô
ԴһĳһͻȻ˫ְԴ쳤Х

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磡
̶Щľĺ֪ܿѾٴαħʴˡ
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䣡
ѪħӳĿڿзըȻΪǵ䵽Χ
ͷɨ̶һۣѪ˫оȻһĨ飬ת˲ţžͱһĨռݡ
תһΧҴܵߣŲһŵ棬һڵ˲䵯ȥ
磡̶Щڱ󺰵ϧѾʧȾͷ
飡
ȹսǣһ۾Ϳ˶ʮڷӶᶫߣһĨ⣬ȻеѪħû˿ԥһ¡
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޵Ŀ޵һǴݿƻºͷĽ˲Ϊܧֽۣһ㳯ǰƽ
˿ȾͷһӰǻδ׼ԷȻ˵ᵶ߿һֱǾδ׼Ѿ׵ļг롣
Ϊڴ˱ħƣʵȻǷڴʩչŭȻ֮ǰͬն
һǰĴΧʮ˲ʧӰ٣ҵĻٻڲϵչǰļмпһ˴ֵпڣһֱӵʮӲڶǽһصۡ
˿̣е峤Ҳһݻ˽ʮӵЩڶԷʵ˫һգгһǹ
ǹγɣ峤ϲһĨսеÿһ˶Ѿʧȥǡ
ߣ
˵գ峤γɵǹͶȥ


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һ峤ӳĹì֮ǰҪǿһӹì˺ѿռ¶ĿռѷͿԿ
ԡ͵̧ͷ߽ضͷϷĹìѪɫ۾һĨʡ
ӣì̺Ļ̫֮ǿˣܹԿ£˶
Χе߷µĹɫһ䣬Ȼ󾪺
û˿ɵģΧȺٵԽӶȻɢӣȫûжԿì
ͻȻƳ£ȻһѽеѪħ棬˫һȻ󻺻ſһ˸֮Ĺ⽣ҫ˫־벻ϱ䳤Χϻڲ˸֮

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ľͻħɽ˵ʹùľС
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飡
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׼һλãһȥ
ͻȻһվȻƴȫ׼Ĺĳȥ
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һξƴȫҲҪȫ£
峤ͻȻ͵³һھѪȻ½ǰĹУѪ룬Ȼٴ˽һ峤һ˫ֱžȻЩ
Ǵһ˿ѪһԼĻ峤һĨ񣬵ͷ¿һۡ
죬ȫɣ
˵ԥĽеĹŵ£޴Ĺ̫һ˲£·ȥ
˿̣ϵǧѾȫеĳһڿвȻһһºХȥ
Űɱǰߵ̧ͷһۿµĹ򣬸о̺Ļ֮һĨأȻһһ֣ԶڵϵѪħӵС
Ѫħ֣û˿ɣŵϱڹеˣһݺݻӳ
һ߱ƣ


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޴Ļת˲ڻδʱΧĵѾʼݣһ䣬Լ̺ܵĻԥתɢӣɻⲨ֮£ûܹ赲
䣡
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һ޴ŷڶȻ˲һɹɢȥҷɵʯ㳯˷䣬Ӵܵ˶ֱܲӱɢನʯ͸塣
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ٶ죬Żļ٣Ҳڲϵķ仯֮ǰһȼյĻǺܿ˻һͷ­ʼһ˼ĳǹǹͷϻڲϵȼŻ档
Żͷ­ı仯Ҳܿת˼ǹ״ǹͷΪһ㣬ת˲ݺݵشǰĹ֡
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ٴһ죬һȫŻΪǴϢһìеĹͻȻһĴһɼС
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Щŵ૵ԽԽ󣬶ԽԽ࣬һձ˺ö֩һ㲻ϵɢ
䣡
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һٻӰһӯȻƮ䵽һԵʯԣ̶ЩĵĿһ۵ڵϵ𣬶Է˿˫ۣƺ뵽˻У֮ǰǼ¶Ĵ̼̫󣬲ŵֱӼѪģħ˿ӡ
磡
̶һȻɵĽһҧȻԷ
Щı̶û˿ɣתͳһߣֵѡѾ߽⣬ȫԹԵûκԸսϾҪĶѾ֣Ѿûκε塣
һ峤ЩʧǰɢӵԼϱ׻ļ壬ͻȻŭͷϵĲ䣬˵ͷɢΧ趯
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ͻȻѪģһѪҺ³Ȼ峤˫۱Ѫ˫֣гһžԪţɣָ΢ԪȻ˲䱬ը۷һСԪ̣˷ȥ׼䵽ÿһӴܵڡ
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峤
ΧļȻĿǰ峤г˲˼顣
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ۣһӰ֮ӴܵķѣǶԷһ֮
ԷѾ嵽Լǰ̶ͻȻһҧȻһȵ棬ƮȻ𣬳·ȥ


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׷ɱһ峤̶ͷһ۱ϵݵЩ̶ȴһֱҧ
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ͻȻҹһӥȻ̶͸оֱˤ䵽һıϣ˿ʼߣ
С𣡡
̶Щϲĳ֮ǰһֱڽŵķΧУҪ˻СĴڡ
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ٴηһӥ䣬ȻСֱһԾ𣬴ϷԶȥ
ɭУ˿һвжѡִ˿ܹĲʮ֮ģ˼ȫĹɱ
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·ЩһûȺһ׷֮£ټȫ˾Ԫ۳ǸӴܣᱻԷѸٵҵ֮£˼ûκεֿǱӴܡ
ԣɭоһ־λѡһɭּԾǵȴֻмʮڲϵ׷ɱ
Ԫӣ
峤һŭȣͻȻһ͸޴ıӣȻ콵һصˤڵϣɭӴܵٴΰΧһ
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ٶֱ̫ײǰı֮ϣֱӱطֱ˿̣ǲŷӦԼסˡ
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ŭĴιǰľӽ΢΢ȴûκεѵĺۼ
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С𣬲Ҫٳˣ
̶æֹСķٶȻĿԶƺڵȴԷĽһж
ৣ
峤ͻȻ֣ǾȻѪĿһ·ˣû˿ɣ˫չȻǰһѪɫ
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ŭȣȻǰһѪɫоȻֳһֻð֣Ȼðһ˲һ㳯·ȥ
ŵһֵ֧ĳ֣濪ʼԽԽֳ֣һ·ĵ档
˿µצɫһ䣬̾ǰ񵲣Ҳ̱צ塣
ۣ
һһԷ壬ǶԷȴûκε˿ڣŴ˱۾һήҵĵȥûϢƺһ˲䱻˳һ
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ڶֱټϷʤĹֶΣ̶˲вС
·ŭŲ϶ʱԶͻȻһХ֮һɢŹâȭͷͻȻ֣صĻǰľϡ
ˣ
һһֱԶȻһǰľӾȻһȭƬ
֣α˶ŭأɲԸ񰡣
ͻȻһЦԶȻһȭɫӰӣѸܵĺڰӶȫΧС
к»֣һӰԶл֣Ӱ¶ʱ̲סһ
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˵ľǰĺӰе¶Ȼʯ򳤡
󻹽ʮź۵Ӱȫն̲סһ
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ʮ˾ȻȫǶǿߣҿЩվʯܵλÿԿʯΪĵġ
Щ˳ֺ峤۾ضλ򳤣еɱڡ
ƽȻ㣡


 ̶
ƽ
ǰ֮ˣ峤ϵıƺ޲ǰԷһ
Ȼ㣡
гŭ˫ȭ͵֮ȻһһϦ
ʯҲ峤еƽϴº͵Ц⣬һĶţ˭ܾԶԷȻƿһɱ¾֮ǵˡ
·ɨһۣƽսתƵǰ峤ϣ¶һ˿Ѽ֮΢Ц
֣þò벻ǾȻһ֮¼棡
ƽû뵽㾹Ȼ˴Ȼ뵽ķһʹɱ֣
峤ɫЩѿĶǰƽгɱ⣬Ļֶ֮峤ĴʵЩ̫ء
ߣЩ㵱˵潫Ƽߵʱ򣬵ҼٰǿƵʱ򣬿Ӧ뵽н˰ɣ
ƽɫǺ죬Щƺ뵽µ׷ȥ
ҵȷһССƾһöʵʱ֮ϣǿƽƼߣһУҶУҸԼһ죬ҵİٰ裬һȫͻ㣡
Է£峤ɫͻȻЩѿ֮£Ϊʯ򳤵ʱǲѾ̯һʹѵ뷴ڣ
ߣ㾹ȻҸһʹ
һԷƽɫͻȻǺ죬øӵļ
ô꣬Ҵûииʱ޿̲иԼĪ֮ܣڣ踺سΪʯ򳤣ûʱȷǼʵЭҵʱҲȷͬһʹΪĳܹ˵ô꣬δӭȢҪȪµƼ֪ҴδҰԻʵֱһܹ𣬽峹׵Ĵ򵽹ȵףһ겻񣡡
˫ͨ죬ƽɫݺݵصǰ峤˶ӶԷ˫пŭ
죬ڵȵ˻ᣬԽֱҵȵףҲһµҵĸܣ
ƽһָΧ죬Ϊ㻹ܹ뿪𣿽죬һ壬ѽֱӴʯˣ
㣡úݵֶΣ峤ɫһ䣬ЩĿһΧΧԷĻѾȫԼ˸ΧҪƽԵʮǿ߲ΪɵĴڡ
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ЩŵҡҡͷȻ˵ͻȻһͣЩŵĻתĲԶӰ˳˾Ȼ֪ߵ˵ĺ档
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Ѫʹ˻һȻʼڿвϵĳһ̣丹ͻȻѪɫȻ۵һƬ丹ӿѪ˲˻


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ЩĿ羫һΧԼԾĻɴ£ӿһĨ˷ܡ
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ճǹϷ˵ɫ΢úÿһ㣬ԼǿĹҪܣԼֻܹˡ
û˿ɣ΢㣬ȻͻȻеѪɫǹӳһ˿Хȥ
Ѫ죡
ǹת˲ͻȻ˫ֻӶǰ̳һǽܻ潫Լ赲˺档
ۣ
ǹǽȻ΢΢ͣ٣Ȼȼżǰת˲ʧһࡣ
ߣ̫СѪ˰ɣѵΪƾһǽͿ赲һһĨ˷ܡ
߱
ͻȻǽһ洫һͳŭ𣬽һ޴Ļ𣬴ǽ˲ǰ
飡
صĴ˵壬ԷǵɳȥʮףȻصˤ䵽ϣ³һѪήҵĵڵϡ
飡飡
ͻȻʬصˤ䵽ǰĵϣ״һĨ֣˻δϹͻȻٴ³һھѪǰĿʱѪԼ˽ȥ
ৣ
̶ڴ˴ʱ˵Ѿʧֻʬ塣
ϧˣЩϧ˵
磬ܹһǿ߱Ѿʮ˲ˣ
̶ЦЦƽ˵
Ǻǣ̰ˣ
ЦԴתʬߣ˵һȻ̶һĿһѺʯ飬ȻǸոȡĽʯ


һʮһ 
ʯɽ
شɽеʯɽ⼸ʮֵ֣ϵ˴ӷԲĴûбԭΪ⼸ʯɽΨһһʱ䡣
Ҫͱʯɽ⼸ʯɽΨһʱ䣬ԣԭɭֶʱ
ʯɽ֮ԳΪ½ΨһʯɽҪҪʯҪԱɼһߡ
ɫ⴦Ѿ½½˸ϹϵĻڴ˴û˽ҶѰһĽ䣬ϥĿ
Ȼ˶֪Ҫʯɽʯɽǰȴû֪νķ
ৣ
Ӱڴ˴Χ˵Ĺע
еһһòˮܽذꡣ
ĿǰΪֹѡߣңǽ߹ע̶ϣϾ˾ɫŮ
һ֣ԶļӰͽضϡ
С˵ôǿ
նɫЩĵ˵Լδܵ˴ĳ裬ǵûнҪŮԼ
һóûĹÿµĹȻĻ±ضὫ£ϵƻδȬȻףʮֵǱСվΪԼţгԹ
죡
նûлͷǳæ죬ǰǰ˿ĿΪ֪ǰڶԴԼʱжôݶ
һԪʦе˼ˣ֪˴һĻ˭Ӯն·תƵһԵ̶ϣͷϸĿһߣһĨε͡
ļƷŮֻŲܹϰ
˵꣬նȻȺ߳˹ȥ˵ɫһ飬æǰȥ
磡
̶ͻȻСɫЩѿĿ߹ļˣǰһȻ̶嵲Լ
Ǻǣ벻ֵܾȻҵˣˣҶҪĿ࿴ˣ
ǰˣԷƺҲԼ˼꣬һۿȥͶû˿ĺøУȻԷεĺܺãȻԿԷ޵ĳ̶ɨȥ
֮ƺ޳ԹΪҪ֣ĪΪǺ۸
ǺǣֵʵʵЩ޴Ҷʲô˱˴˱˭˵ҾҪеĽʯֻû뵽µļ˵ĲãȻ˷ҧһڣû´ĻϵĽʯ˿ӦϰɣȻҽˣôͽɣ
նڽһ쾭һ㣬ϴЦݣ̸ġ
̶һۣЦһЦŸ˸ϵ䣬Ȼ̧ͷŶԷƽ
Ϊ𣿡
ǺǣΪھԵʵǰһжпܣԭһһλһʶʱˣڿһƤ֮࣬ǲгˣȻˡ
նδ£ξȻԭʧȵٴγֵʱѾǰ
һ˿ûκεľţһתѪħɳѪħǰп
飡
ѪħڿоȻڱһ죬Űնλس֣ɫһȭͷѪħ
ߣ
նһδˣȭͷչȭͷͻȻڻ𽥱ѪɫѪҺһѸٰסеѪħȻѪħһ·ӣһգ۵Ĺͽ˫ָס
һݣû뵽ԷȻı£նĺ⣬о˫ƺһɣȻеˮڲϸɿݡ
һͻȻԸ첲ӿһ棬Ȼ˳Ÿ첲תѣ·һȼŻһѸȼյơ
ۣ
һӴ棬ƵѪҺѸٱڻ˿ܿ糱ˮһʧ
澹ȻȥƲԼĸ첲ȼչȥնһݣ̺ˡ
˦˦첲Ļ˦ȻҺһѪҺٴֳնơ
ЩڵָնɫЩѿֱ˿˵ǾԷĹԼʲô˼ˡ
쿴ʯɽֱ仯ˣ
ҪʱͻȻԶ˴˵ȫʯɽȥ
䣡
ֱʯɽϿգԭһվȻ𽥿ʼ˻仯Ƿڵˮһ㲻ϵĶţ˵ע£һȻԷֿһš
ŵڲռһӿĿڲʲô󣬵ŵΧĿȴˮһ㲻ϵӿ
֮šˣ
૵Щ𺳵ǰһС
ৣ
˷ʱͻȻһӣһתȻٴԾ˿ռ֮ţʧǰ
ǰ֮ʧڷӦʼȿֺĳſռ֮ȥ
һԵİնͻȻ̶ȻſдһڣһԾ
ౣ
СӴԶ˲֣ýסе̶Ȼһȣǰʧ˿ռС


һʮ 
һռţ͸о·뵽˾޴ĺУ岻ܿƵбѸٵľߣֻܹεץСϵë
̶ץС𣡡
ЩȻĴиȥԶӴСͻȻһȻ̶ͬʱסԼĳ·
̶ȫؼСĳë£СвϵıĶᣬ˲ʧ֮Уûп˵·Ǵһռ֮ž˲ʧӰ١ÿ˶䣬ʧ
һֱ˽һʱŸоǰĿռ𽥱óٻ·ǽ뵽ƽڡ
ۣ
ǰͻȻһСţȻС屻ײɽ뵽Ѹʧ˽룬˴ſٴλغƺδйһ㡣
˵ڵһͻȻУδȲ鿴ΧȻͿʼ׹
Сչ򣡡
ͻȻȵСͻȻչʱ̶˳䣬һ̶ϸ֫ȻһֻץסСצӣС𻺻䣬룬䵽˵ϡ
е̶ŵϣ˲ſʼЩĴǰһС
ɽˮƣһƺûκεĲ죬ԶһͰʯۼƶɵʯݣһƺûʲô
ƺûʲôͬ
ЩĲϴΧԽԽоＸһģһ
籾ʥĿռ֮һռ䣬˲ܹ֮⣬κζԴԣ粢޲𣬲Ӧ֮ȻĻҲܳΪľʢһط̶һȻҲĴΧ
ףƽ㿴ﾹȻˣ
ͻȻԶһ̽˵˹ȥ
ֻԶһɽϳһȻʨһӴȴ鲼ƬβȻβͣһŴֲ·һ΢ЦһΪټŵıζЩ˵
ӴĶԼн׳׸ߣȻϻˣһһŮ˵ȫЩķΣĹһСһһģһĹţֻԷ˿ֻһë׵β͡
˿ھ޴ĹϵЩĴǰˣ˵ķ֮ƺЩˡ
ȻǴ½ģ⼸Ӧ֮ſӰ
λǿǴ½ģ벻Ȼֱ䵽ǲУĴкϵı鲻α
ǰһȻ˫һȭ𣬸մ룬֪
ûȷֻڤӿɽֻɽϽطΧڱȽƫԶһ䣡û뵽λȻᣡЦ˵
˵߶ԼµȻЦָָµĹȻ͵Ƚϳֽ֣βޣΪӴټԸ˳Ϊ½ϵĽͨߣҪһŶβ޿ǿڤʯΨһ
ʯһ㶣Ȼٴοʵڽ֮ǰ˵ʯ֪ʯڤʯкβͬﵽʲôã
ʯһֱȽĶֶͨȽһǽʯбǻҵλճƷҪʯһڤʯһֱȽϡеĿʯ˵󲢲ǹΪϡУڤʯ

ЩɻʵƺЩ̫סһһԵ̶Է˿ҲһãȻ
ǺǣȲȻλ䵽ĮӲ䣬͸ǻȥڲȰɣʱʲôǿһһΪǽ𣡡
ƺʲôЦٴοڽҽƽҵСǿԽ㣡
ЦЦСǡ
ǰ̶ɨЦ˵ҵδ̶
Ľܣ̶ɫһ죬ЩֵĺݺݵصһۣȴʲôҲû˵
ǺǣֵܣȻȵǲɣҸطڴӳ飬İɣǲ˶ʮÿ͵ģƽЦָָԶһͰķᡣ
ûУķӾǲڣĮӲ䣬ΧɽȽϿǰĴ䡣
̶һۣȻŶһЦһˣ


һʮ ĮӲ
ʯǰŷ﷿ӾȻȫǽһɽϣΪΧһܸߵɽҲƽеɽЩӾȻͷβȫʯɣ˷֮ûʹκεľġ
Ƚβӻȥֵȥ峤˵һƽǰ˵
ţȻȥһԷЦ˵ͬʱˡ
˾ҪˣæлԼ̶էʲô˽⣬˰æĻȷܹʡϲٵ鷳
ôǿȥأЦЦȻǣͷβؼȥˡ
ֵܣǽ֮ŵʱӦöЯʯɣ
ƽͻȻڽûнʯĻռ֮ǲǽģʯͨռ֮ʶΨһ
ͷȷٽʱȷ˽ʯ
Ǿͺã峤ʱ˵Ҫǵ÷һ㣬峤ڲĵλܸߣһԾŶԣزҪǵԷ
ͷлƽˣҼסˣ
ƽͷȻ˻ڲУһ·Ƿ˲ˣЩƺƽĹϵƽҲϵĺǴк
٣ƽ¿ˣ벻ĮӲ侹ȻλĿˣһλȻǸСŮԶ˴˵еʱûж⣬óǵȷʮÿͣ
ٺ٣³⻰Ҳ±Ҳ˵ˣȴȥ峤ƽЦųԷ˻֣Ȼǰȥ
֣˴䣬ȻλõһҰƼѵλͣ
ǰĽ΢ǰһԼʮ׵ʯͷӣǽǹģҪȲķӺϲֹһȼΧķǹһ㽫⴦Χ£롣
վסƽʲôվſڵλЩĴǰˡ
Ǻǣλ첿λˣҴȥһ峤ܲסƽǰһĽ
Ŷ½ģòƲѾþûˣλЦȻÿΣȥɣ峤棡
ƽЦЦȻȳķ߽ȥ
ƽЩĴǰЩʯͷӣЩӵĽȽϼ򵥣İҲʮֵͨĽûȣƺʮ
Ž뷿䣬̾ͷΣڲҲʯʯΣȤǽϾȻӿݵȫһȭͷСĿӶƺ˹ڳġ
ڴһ΢ֵ˹ĺŲˮƽæǰȻһ
峤λǸմ½ˣǡ䵽ǲУǷԽס£
΢ֵ峤̧ͷһǰˣԵ̶ʱ۾һܿ͹˹ȥָźۼôǰʯ
ƽЩ̫ð찡Ҳ֪ǲʳЩţһϱַܱûжĵطڸλ
ƽĻص峤ǶסҼҸڵǼʯݰɣԴӸ״ȥҲش㣬Ȼ·ǿסˣ棬ȫǼҵĻϾͺã
峤̧ͷһǰˣȻΣȻԿɨ̶ʱ¶һĨѡ
ȻˣǾס°ɣȽʯɣϹˣ
л峤
ƽæӿڴͳʯȴһѵס˶ԷĶȻЦҡҡͷԼһ֣ѾʯƽЦЦȻӹʯ峤
еĽʯ峤һḬ̃һĽ͵ҲҪӶ࣬ʯɲֻפطǶȥƽոǽһطĹأʲôʲôҪͨ¨ӣ
ǣ峤ȸˣ
ƽ峤ٴһȻת˵ͷ˳ŷȥ

ɣҼңԱߵʯҸĸģڼǰĲսˣԣӾͿںˣ͸Ҳһŵĵط
ƽʲôСֵܣǽû˱жٿʯ
һ㶣˵ʮ飡
Щһֱû䣡ƽΧɨһۣȻСĽ˵ֵܣʯǻͨߣͬģʯҲǺһ˲Ƹı׼û˽ʯ㼸ʲô򲻵Ʋ¶ףԣҪ֪жٲƲ֣֮
û뵽ԷȻΪԼ룬ƽĺøٴĶһȭͷ֪ˣлѣ
ǺǣҼҰɣʲôóԵĶ


һʮ ʯڤʯ
˵Щʯͷа
Թһģֻû뵽һ仰еˡ
ȥֵһ·ɣǻסǸڵǼ䷿ӣ
Ҳȥæɣ̶ɵվȻһ˳ȥ
뿪ƽЦ˵ֵܣ֪ʯͨңܶһڤʯ̫˽⣡
ô˵أڤʯеһֿأΪع̶٣ȫƿڼٵļУԣڤʯĴطʮϡжĶ˵ΪڤʯԱǵգԪų⣬֪ΪڶҪԴҲҪ˰ɣ
۾ɴЩе˼飬ʯͷȻԱΪԪӶֱ̫ˣ
ƽЦŽ͵Ȼ֮ǰ˶֪пʵ벻ĺôǾȴ˵ʵڤʯ⣬һԭǾеڤݻϿڵ֮˵߳һǷԾű仯ǿߣ
۾һԪƽ磬֪Ͽ֮ߣ
ԪƽЦ֪Щ˾ܲס֮ջ֮صһط˵泣ڰѪƽʱգҲΨһû˾סһԣϢСҲǺ֪֮ÿһʱȻǿ߻Ҫ
ͷ֪һϢԼͷӬһҪǿĶ࣡
ƽ磬֪ڤʯʲôӵģЩʵ
ƽͻȻ¶һ˿ЦֵܣҪ˵СûڤʯǶҲֻǮƻʵǿǿ߲ܹӵаɣҲֻ峤ڤʯ࣡
ƽ¶һ˿֮ɫʵ֮ǰйһڤʯģʮʯԹһڤʯҵǿڤʯǺһ²ŹģΪڷβ޵ʱ򣬲⣬㽫һͷСβŪ峤˲ȻŭΨһһڤʯûյͷˣ
֮ǰ£ƽЩпڤʯһɫĹ⻬ʯͷСͽʯһΨһͬǽʯǷĺɫģڤʯԲѪɫġ㿴ǽ췿õЩʯ飬Щʯомٵڤʯɷ֣ǽŪһ԰ҲΪ˸󻯵ĽãÿķǵҲһĺô
ֵܣлĻ㵹ǲһ飬ǶĺôʮģҶûʲô츳ֻһԪʦˮƽǲѾɹ뵽Ԫʦ峤һżԪʦٹһʱ˵ֱܹӳǿˣ
ƽڤʯĺô𲻽Щ޲ھһһ³һ£
ȻȰ㻹Լ㹻ĽǮǰ£Ͼ磬ʯΨһͨңû˽ʯ㽫粽У

һµ磬һµĻ˾ȻԼµķӣ̶Щ˯žһֱĻŽ˯ȥҲʱһûС
峿˫۵ʱ̫ѾúܸߣһֱЩŪףΪһУȻӳĴ½ûκεĲ
еѾߣչһ벻ԼȻ˯ô
߳䣬̾ͿվһȺվԶҵţ̶ƺҲվƽ˵ߡ

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磡̶ɵץס֣ؿԣŮģΧ˿һĶ
ǱˣҲɽһȽϴĲ䣬ĮӲм϶˫֮սʱзһһǶԷµģһԵԪƽߵĳ˵ƺǰһȺʹ
ʲô˼ѵǿǲûֱҪĮӲ𣿡峤˵˿ӵɫ࣬ƺһˡ
࣬ǲ˽ǵ˴ˣѵͲø˵𣿡Էһ̻¶¶ļ⣬üɨ˳˵ӦþǺеı峤
˵ǲǵȻǳ֣ȲѲŷִ
ϴ˵ЩŭıζԷ峤ǽ
ߣǻúõվҵȴֻܹ
һ۶Ⱥ̧һܣ˻ˣһһϢӡ
ô
ߣ׵ĺܣǽһǧʯ͵ȥˣЦһ
ɫͻȻˣң
Ŷô˵ȫûкͽĳˣЦƺڶԷķӦ⡣
ûкͽĳ⣬һǧʯôֱȥҲΣЦһԷЦˡ
ǺǣǾ׵ĶˣǾԭʼķɣ
ͻȻһ֣ɱ⣡


һʮ ɱ
ɱ⣡
峤һȻȴӱͳڼϵսŲһȵ棬Ȼ͵سĮӲ峤ȥ
ǿ׳һƶıݣХųŶԷȥҲͳ͵س˹ȥ
ɱ
һһӣײһײȻ˫Ҳ˲սһ
ɱǣĮӲռݵƣȻὫȺ߷С
ǻݣҪƽתһԵӺȻ˼뵽սţս¹ز֮ΪеȻԴ
磡̶Щԥ֪ҪҪæ
ȿƣ
Ȼתǰ˵˵ԻдûսˣûȫŵսȦ
˵ʵ̫ߣǸ峤Լǰ˼ԪʦĲʵԼԪʦң۲ܿͿ˫ʵԱȡ
ѵΪŸͿԽĮӲһˣ˫ôǲ£룬㲻Դ˰ɣһԷսһ߳˵
һ˶ԷĹЦĮӲޣӴԺĮӲĵ̽鵽Ǳ£
ߣΣѵΪƾ˼ԪʦʵùҾżԪʦ
һ˫һƣŭȭ
񸫣
䣡
ը죬˵һξ룬˴۶ӡ
ΧսɨһۣһĨЦ
ƺЩֲסˣѵ㻹ΪƾܹǸϾɱ𣿡
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ͻȻЦһȻĳȥ֣ǲǸˣ
ʲôɫĳŶԷעӵķȥʣһǺܿʹԶһ
ܿ죬Զпʼĺڵ㣬еĺڵһ֣ڲ֮һȻ󲨣ĮӲȫ̧ͷעԶ
ĺڵƶٶʮֿ죬ͳǰԭЩڵȫ;޴ӥԼʮͷ˿Щ;޴ӥȫһࡣ
ӥ䣡
ɫĺ֣ɫγ׵۾ض·ҪԷɵ
㾹Ȼͷӥˣ
ƺʮϲԷ飬ƮƮЦ࣬ΪĮӲҿ˴Ǯ˶ԷԣҲҪĮӲ𣡡
˵תһӥϵˣЦһȭ֣ξˣ
ȡˣס֮Լӥϵɫĺӳ
ǺǣģȻǼǵֱӵЭ飡Ȼһʹ뵽һܹ޵г׵ɫűԺһ㡣
㾹Ȼ˹᣿ЩŭĺǳȻתա
ӥɽȽϿǰĲˣʵҪĮӲ俿ǰԭΪӥóħ޷ӥһַٶķħޣ䣬ΪսͶ뵽սУټվӥıսԣӥʵһԾ˲١
峤벻ԷȻǼ˳һȭƺԷʶ
峤ǸˣԷĶ峤Ȼ˵űǸȴȫû˿Ǹ˼
֪ʲôĮӲҲȫͬߣϣǲҪ£ֻҪǲ֣ǾͿԸͬ˵
Ǻǣ峤ȷĶֻܸԷΪ峤ǵǣ³ɣĮӲ֮ĳβԼǧʯȫǷӥ䣡ЦǺǵĽϴһĨɫѾĶ
ɫһ䣬Щ˼ĽתһԵϣ㶼ܿǱܹлʲô
ԶԷɣƺû˿⣬˻֣ȻſڣǿԵõеĵ֮һĳβԼ³֮ǵвƲЩʵ򽫺ȫΪǱūѵĶ𣿻Ҫһ㡭
ͻȻضź࣬һһ٣ҪһǿֽǲѵʲôȿԼĵ˱Ĵ̼ܵ𣿡
ߣҲҪһ汳ͻȻһȻŶԷȥ


һʮ 
ڤ粻֣
峤ͻȻһȻµķӥһӥ䣬Կһ壬Ȼ˲˺ǰеĳͻȻӳȻ˲ֱǳìһ㳯ŶԷȥ
飡
˵ʽײһνӴ£˾ûôˣڷӥ˵ļ룬ϱһһڵ£ĮӲ˿ʼڽڰˣϵ˱˳ս
ȥĮӲҪΣˣ˵
ƽЩǵĿԶƽһӦˣǿһƽ֡
Ϊ˷ӥļ룬Էսˮһ£·ĮӲֱ꣬ӱ
Ϊӥļ룬սвһӣ˫ͿʼӣȥĮӲ䣬ĮӲռҲõȻ޴棡ǵʵԹеķӥ
磬ҪҪæ̶һȻĮӲ峤ûʲôӡ󣬵ǶЩƽӡʮֲġ
ٵȵȣ߽ضſУϺʵ
ƽСģ
һԵͻȻһŷӥƽĵĳ乥ȥǴ͵Ϯƽ˿ƺȫ޲
Զӵĺƽʶת飡ȴĶһȭؿڣ˹䵽ϣ˿ƽڿԼķӥ
ʯһͻȻ䣬ӴѸٻ䣬ڷӥճìЦĶ·ƽ䵽ϵʱͻȻìݺݵسŶԷؿڴȥ
飡
ƽΪ˵ʱǰͻȻһӰžʹһײķӥ˴ӥȻ˲˳ȥڵϻȥԶƬĳصײһɽϲͣ¡
ۣ
վڷӥϵ³һѪҺȻûϢֻӥڵ˺þãȴֻܷһ˻Ƶӥ䣬Ҳܹ
ƽЩ˼վԼǰĺɽֵ꣬֡ܣ
𻺻ת¶һ˿ЦݣƲ°ɣ
ЦҡҡͷƽҪվǱȴͻȻһһת˲ǰѪħһ˵ǰһѪڣѪҺȪһδ˷ҽУţļһֱӱ߷˳ȥ
ˮĶƽЩȵĵŶԷƺδзӦ
ˣȥɣ˵ƽȴڰ־ܾҪ
УΪĮӲһԱǲĹؼʱ̣ҶƴôԶڱ󣡡ƽϵıȴ档
ҡҡͷƽ磬ܵ㣡
ǰƽһ㶣תĳȺеǵעԼƺԼ̲סķȥƽ͵سߣתӡ
֪ĵģڵұΪʲô䶼ûˣʱֻ˵ķˣ
˵ƽٴμսȦ˿ʼͬС
һ˫սȦתֿеᣬջε̾Ϣһ
һƽǰĶһ߿ƽԼ󣬡ƽ磬°ɣｻ
ֵܣҪǿǻһ⼸һ̰ƽɣ
ûжͣͻȻһ˦֣ӿռָзɳһǵһɫ壬ڿв⡣
󡪡룡
һ䣬еͻȻķѣ˲ƬһƬƬ۾һ㣡
̱֮һƬƬСεƬǰ˫Ȼһչ

˲ķѣȻǰĿռڳһεΡ
ǰеķӥɨͻȻ˫һƣǰӵһ˲䷢ȥĳ˷ȥ
ۣۣ
μСټĿڶ࣬˷ʤٿķӥ̾꣬еֱӴ͸˷ӥվϵ壬Ȼ͸ԷͷӥˤϼһƬ
һУоͷӥвֱӱˡ
⡭
ƽЩ𾪵״û뵽Լ˿ӦĵǰȻ絶жһס
ǱߣȽǸСӣ
˷ߵ𣬴һȻ˲˴ӵ
һգԶе˲ջأƯǰһԲ㽫Χ
ɨΧһ۳Լĵˣǳһ˿ΣյĻȡ
ɡ


һʮ 
ǿƱ֣Χ˵Ĺע̷ֳһӦ
зɹͷӥԼϷĵˣʮ˼˲佫
ϣ
һŭ𣬿еһȺͻȻеĹȫһȥϵҲѸΧй
һ䣬һǰ˳ȥ
ǰͻȻɢٶȼ죬ֻǸоǰһȻѾ˳ȥ
ԭѾγɵİΧȦʱΣϵɢĹһѳѪħһʧԭء
飡飡
ֻһײȻ󲻶ϵ屻ɳȥڵϻȥԶȻҲûܹ
ļϣͻȻմһڣȻԶһӥСμӰȻ˲ڿС
ౡ
ӴС𼸺ҪǰЩӥ廹ҪһЩСƺȫûнڶķӥУͻȻڿһתٶԽԽ죬γһӰ
ৣৣ
ͻȻһĹâǷһԲӰȻܣСļֻӥֱˣˤȥ
ౡ
СͻȻаͷ­쳤ХһɴգΧڿսķӥͻȻݺһ·һ˲䲻һ㳯ŵȥŬŲڿпͣס嶯ȴ׾ĺܡ
еķӥȫѸٺ󳷣ȻԶԶĽתߣβסĿ־塣
·ǿʲôֵĶеķӥҲû֮ǰֺȡ֮һĲϵεʹԦǶԭһҲҶ
ô£ΪеķӥȫָˣվڷӥϷıô߸ϣǰЩӥǲǰһ
СڿɿųͻȻԭڵ˫ͫһĨѪɫһһ仯ȴ׵ڿеķӥը˹
䣡
еķӥɢԶӴܣ·ʲôֵһ㣬ôȫûκεã뿪˴ǧ֮˵ʹ޺ǿͣΣȴҲǰһ
·尺ͷЩϲСһĨ˷ܣСʼսˣѾ˲ս䣬ղӦѪϰɣΪޣڷһħӦûʲôСȼҪߵģ
һɵһԾ䵽СıϣͷЦ˵С𣬺ģ
СǵĻӶųƺʲô
Զλ峤սҲߵĲͬѰΪ⣬ΧѾȫû˴
Щɻһ֣ͣȻЩֵĽɨߣߵսѾֹͣʱ򣬲ȫλһ㶡
ô£Ϊʲô
峤ЩŭĺԼ˾ȻȫԶ峤Щˡ
塭峤֪ô£Щӥȫˣôû˿仯
ô£ѵһĹ峤ЩɻĿ𣬵ԷҲʱ򣬲Щ㶣ȴδ롣
˿ŭĪΪ̶̵ֶļԼ¾Ȼȫ˵ϣûһ˻վš
ôܣ
ЩŵԼЩ¿սʿʹǲܹսʤĮӲ˵ǶԷҪԼߵȫҲǲܵġ
ǰʵȴɲţԼȫˡ
ĮӲ峤Ҳһľ棬ڵɨһۣȻŻע⵽е
ˣ벻侹Ȼı֣һǿˣ
ӡʱΪĹۣҪ֪ҪĻĮӲҪ군ˣʵ൱Ĳһ֣ĮӲҲֻбķݡ
峤ʲô˼ȫԶҵȫˣѵ˵ĺ֮𣿡
ߴʧзӦɫĶԼѣҪǶԷȫߣԼҲȫɱ鲻ԽͽЩιԷͷϡ
峤Ƥ˶ڵȷʵԼ߲ԣԼȴδ´ﳷ˵ָ
ǻʲô̹ɫѿĳԶ˺ȵϾεĺ峤ǱȽڴıϾԼԴõ޴档
塭峤ӥȫĲָͣˣȴԴӸղһֱڲƺܵ˾ȣ
ౣ
µСͻȻٴ췢һ˻ʱԶķӥתӣ뻮һ·ǰõһ㡣
ֱ˿̣ɫڳ׵ĺ
ۣȻڣԭͺĮӲˣһйȻݶ


һʮ λ仯
ĻɫһͣܿͷӦԷ˼Ȼӥ˶ԷͻȻˮȻĮӲ乴ᣬһԼ
а֣ϵı鲻䣬תһۿȥ
⻰ʲô˼ѵΪҺĮӲ˹ᣬȻǣ۵ɫЩѿ˵
ѵʵǰȫԶԶĶԶȻڹ´ȴִУ·ȫǵˣۣûԷĻԸһ𣿡ɫŭ˵˵˷۱ȻǺòȥ
ߣȻ֮ԼҲûҪˣԼɣ
˵һתһˣһ˦ӣһԾ𣬷ɵԼѸʧС
ߣ
ǽϣΪЩӥͰͲ룬ԣȺ˵ǳ˵ʮѸ٣һգ۵ĹֻʣһˣеϺŵʬ塣
֣ʵЩð㻹Ҫ𣿡ֻЦ
ûк
Щ˼ŶԷӸղͻȻŭķȥټϴ˿̺ζЦݣڿʲôô峤ǰ׵ˡ
Ǻǣòƶһֱ˵Ǻҿɴû˵
ƮƮ˦˦֣ȻЦǺǵĿŶԷܹ϶ֳԱʮ˷ܵģ˵Ĳ˺ö꣬ǲ£ǽȴΪ룬ԭʤʤָİ˹
һʲôˣ
ڽתƵ˿еϣ֮ǰɴδ˵ĮӲôһ
ǺǣĮӲĹڶԷݣѵбҪ𣿡ǲǸ̸һ½ˣ˵ôɣ
ɫһ֪Լǳ׵ˣԼʵͲǺĶ֡
ˣҪɱҪ㣡Ϊĵĳ
ģҲɱ㣬һͻȻϵĿڽ
һ㶣֪Էڴʲô⣬ǳʵ
һʯҲ֪Ǳشһǵ˷ӥ䣬ҳֵĻҪĨһʮ׵飬ԣûǿһҵ
ֻһʯһ㶣ȻһʯЩʹܹԼͱ˵ĻҲǲԿǡ
ǺǣȻһһССǲĳβ޽ʮͷֻҪ㣬ĮӲ䲻׷
ǲûթĻͲ峤ˡҶԷϵ⣬ֱ׸ţ㹻Ļһ֪ξġ
Ƥһǳû٣ֱɱңǴӦǱԺɽ棡
ǵ飬Ȼ㲻ͬ⣬Ҿ͸ÿһӥȻ󳹵׽Ĩʱ򲻳òЩ˵
㡭áҴӦҲһҪҪЩ˵ȫȥ
УЩ˾ʱɣģǻúõչǵģʲôʱЩڽȫͻȥ
࡭ݣЩŭĳ˵˵꿴һΧ˵ˣЩĵһȵ棬һתˡ
ͣ
ЦȻתһԵԸЩȫȥҪˣŶԷʲôʱڷߣ
Ը֮󣬺תѾӿȥ
Ǻǣ벻Сֵز©һ׾ˣ֪Сֵ
峤ֵܣ
һԵƽæܵԼģղıּסеˣƽҲе֮оĮӲ˵
ֵܣһÿһʾϵл⣬֪ɷ͹⵽һ˱ƣ
峤ˣϯ˰ɣһƽԷɣ˵ֻΪƽİȫųֵģ
仰ĺˣΪ˱ƽùǲɫЩΣ֪ԷΪϾԼǸ߸ϣ߰ļӶ˸ʮ㡣
ǺǣҲãƽҪúõٺóԵһֵܣΪ˱ǲл⣬Ҵ͸СֵǧʯʮڤʯϣСֵܲҪܾȻЩ죬ǺಢδֳϵЦݿ٣ϾڵѾֳ㹻ӵʵ
ϵĽʯ̶һŶʮ飬нʯΪͨǱزٵģܹ༸ĶȻǲܾ
ǾͶл峤ˣ


һʮ е
ɫʣ갲ϥڴһԵĵϣ͵¹͸ǽϵʯϣһʵĹʡ
갲ıĿڵԪһ˳򻺻Уһһ䣬ŰɫӿȻٴѭڡ
ʵ̶ھżԪʦѾһʱˣʱȴȫûᵽ׵ĸоԽϽԽѲǿѨ磬ңżԪʦ֮ϾԪʦߵȼʵǽĹؼṵ̂ðֻٺһ
һȻʮҲһֱСδ̰ðԭ

ĺһȻ󻺻۾ɫһĨâȻűʧٴλָ峺˫
һԵĴϿһۣŮı۾Ѿ˯ȥı̺ڸǲסϸģŮĳеĸˡ
ע̶ϵı¶һĨ͵Ĺʣ̶ʹ˯Ҳ˵޲ɷ
ʮԼӵ̶ȻǰĻͣԺУⷴԺеĨǿ
̶İɣ㱳ʵжôֲһҪŮˣ˭赲һҲУ
һȻԺ˼ջأһжһѪɫԲʯ飬ƽеʮڤʯһĮӲһ鷳峤Ҳ̶Լʱŵԣǧʯʮڤʯ̬ȹδѣ֮ǰİ߰γĶԱȡҲᵽʵҪԡ
ƽ˵ڤʯжôξͳһ°ɣҡҡͷȻڤʯУٴα۽뵽ڤ״̬
״̬ٴηˣеڤʯȻȻڿС
һһ䣬̺ĳֹ·ߣ״̬ӣǰڤʯʼ˱仯
ڤʯѪҺһѪƿʼ𽥱仯ǵˮеѪҺһ㣬ϵһѪ˿ʯĴײѰҳһ㣬˶ĳһ̣Ѫҵ˳ڣһıƣȻѪƾȻʯ˳
ѪڿУһѪɫ˿һڿγѪɫǿڤʯʯڲѪ֮׼Ϊɷ䵽˵ϡ
һСŵѪǰƮĳһƺܵĳǣһ㣬ȻʼһϪ˳ıǿ׽룬ȻȫĽ뵽ڡ
Ѫƽڣ鲻ԽΪֹһܿӦֱ仯ʼоŬȥڵѪ
ʱʱ֮ŻϣڵѪȫıΪڵ
ϸһڱ仯һϲ벻侹ȻĶ͸ղԼЩԪԼĻһʱܹڽʱɵá
¶һ˿˷ܣٺ٣ԺþŪĺöⶫͷ·ӵһԼٶȻȱ˿ϸġ
ٴַһڤʯһĨ˷ܣȻ׼ٴα۾뵽״̬
Ҳ΢ɲķϸ΢ı仯
ԲʶУһƬŨĺƺǻɵһƬʲô塣ЩʦԺܵĻ»𾪵ĵ°ͣΪÿһ˵ľ֮ϾѾȷˣûʲôĻҲΪξʦԵԭ
Ǽʹгɾ͵ľʦԺܵĻҲ𾪵ԸӣΪѾ֪ʵ̫ˡ
λãǺһţ˵𴦻ʵĿô˴ǳ׵һţܹһźʲôҲ
ŨĺΧһжԵ˵أ𶼲֪ԼоȻһصĵط
嫵ȣ˿ܹٿصֱǱɽһǣ˿źУϵһɹӴδɽȥȻûκεϢͷ·һ޴ĴϵĽԺеһ㡣
ΧûбȻ˲䱻ɣűûϢһоȻȫ֪¡

ĳһ̣ͻȻһ·ңԶԶԨ϶ǲɣ
䣡
ͻȻһ仯Ȼһ˫ѪɫĴ۾ɨһΧȻٴλϣٴ뵽˾ԵİУֻһ˻Ƶԭ
÷ʢĲƷ


ٶʮ ̶
ʲôҪ뿪ƽЩĳʵ
һԹͿƽβܹǸ˵еƽȣһʰ;ߵЩԾ̧ͷߡ
ƽԷɫƿЦȻ֣صʵֵܣҪȥ
Цǽ͵ƽ磬ҽĿľҪԼʵҴĿȻ޺ҲҪǸط
ĽͣƽĺһȻſЦֵܣҲ֪ÿ궼кܶ׳־˽ǽ뵽֮ǲŷ֮ȫĳǵԤϣոǳǵ󣬳էȫռӵеĳһĳһĳһƪУҪǼأԣѡӦĥȥ˵ʱ뵽ӣȻʼ𽥱ˣ
滹һʮҪԭҲΪδ˲뿪ԭ򣡡ƽɫͻȻ֣
Ŷѵֻܽ벻ܹȥ𣿡ͻȻһʵĻɾ鷳ˡ
ƽڰֵ֣㲻ҪţʵǿԳȥģҪȥȴ󲿷ȴΪҪĻһڽʯ
һڽʯ
һһĨ𺳣ֱΪÿô˽ȴټܹ
ʱ䣬ѾᵽʯеҪԣĮӲɽеλõĲȫҲҲһʯҪճһڽʯǼֱǱȵ컹Ҫѡ
ˣȻһϣôȻǲ

ȷʵѾ¶˾ģƽֻÿЦҡҡͷ𰡣ǿˣ¶˾ҪȥȻҾͺ˵ɣ
ڤӿɽҪȥڤݻϿڣʮԶȻݺڤǽڵݣΪݵʮҪֱӸϹȥĻ½Ҫܳʱ䡣
ֵܣҽ̶Ӹɽ룬Ȼѡֱµ̶ӸһĻȫҲбϣ
̶ӣЩɻʵ
ţ̶һ̶ӣΪǵĽͨΪһ̶Զ̳˿Ͷרŵĸֱԣȫϵġ
һϲ̶ӵĻԼĲ鷳
ƽ磬̶֪ʲôʱ
̶ûһ¾һΣȻϳ˿յվɽһε̶ӴԼʮҪˣԣֵܣٴ죬ʱһǰʱҺҲҪȥɽһЩħˣ
̶һۣȫͬЦŴӿռָһȻ϶һѽʯ
ƽ磬ЩʯԼһǧ֪ҲҪⶫԣ͵ʱչ˰ɣ
ƽһ㶣ɫ̱ѿֵܣĻҿɾҪˣҿеǵ飬ǲЩĻǳ̰ͼǮƵˣĻҵĻ᲻ģ
ЦŰڰ֣ƽ磬˵ûб˼뷢ԷθĸлǣҺ̶ոսܹǵԣҲܸмʱǵչˣֻнʯаģңƽ磬ѵ㻹ҪһֻĿһǧʯȻ࣬ǣȴٿԸһǵĻʳ
ƽ㶵ĻһһԵЩ˵ȷǹʮƶһǧʯĻȷƺܶࡣ
ƽ磬°ɣ˵Щʯʮɣ峤͵ģԣҲؽʲô͵Ǹǵͱˣ̶ҲһЦ˵
⡭ֵܣðɣھܾԵýˣҾ°ɣƽЦҡҡͷʵϣҲȷʮҪǮ
ЦЦƽ磬ǵñãҪ֪ĻǸ峤ɲʲôˣ
˵ٴһ֣жһѪɫԲʯ飬Ц˵֪ƽһʮõһڤʯԣһ͸ˣ
һеڤʯƽ۾һɣ̱ü
ǺöֵܣɲΪȷʵϲⶫ
ƽЦŽڤʯУϲİţΡ

һܵʱ䣬ƽʱ̶ΧĴߣƽβޣ󲿷ֵʱ伸ȫϡʮڤʯҲ½½ȫɾڼĮӲĺ峤ǹ̸Σǿ²ߣԺҲͺٹˣĮӲûвˡ
һʱת۾͹ȥˣһ죬̶ܽ䣬ȻЦ˵磬̶ˣǿԳˣ
۾һĨϲ
ǿˣ


ٶʮһ ɽ
ǰĶݣʹٺö̲סһ̾
Ӵĳ򣬽ʮ׳޳ĲԼСɵԴԭƽе
һμķжһ飬ⶫɲͬϴμķӥһԶſĺᣬϵݻųڵģ
ȫ⻬ļԼ͵ķٶȼܼԸ˳ѱԼӰħޡ
˿ǰдԼнʮͷȫźŶͣڵϣԴĽʳƺΧһ㶼־壬ѾȫıѱˣӴϾȻһ䳤СӣҲÿס޵ķ䡣
Ȼ䷽ʽ̲ס̾Զɽڰ֣ʾȥ
ô𺳰ɣǲɶõĽͨߣֻħʮְ󣬲κ˶ӵеģɽһԵһĨۡ
𣬶׼𣿡
ûʲôҪر׼Ķֱ·Ц˵
ǺãҾͺãһͷϴԼкø䣬ĸҲѡһϣʱһ·죡Ц˵
ûκεһΧвҲվΧƺҲ׼̶ӽɽ
ڣĳһ̣Ⱥʼƶ̶ƽޱһֱǰƶ
ÿʮʯ
Զ̶ӵĻ˵Ȼûһ˵ĽʯȻԷͿͨһϵķ䡣
ƽ֮ǰȽʮʯȻһ뵽һͷϵķУĹ۲Ȼܹоһľ޴
ڼ峤ൽǹѹ޷ǾҪһȥ˻ڲжԼкôȻǲϣֱ뿪ȴ򵥵ļܹȥˣֵ峤ð
ãȫ꣬׼̣
һͳĺȻԭſڵϰĳԶվȻʼմһɳԶշȥ
Ȼѱ׾Щɵٶȴʮֿ죬һ뵽УǵķٶǸһٳǰ׷ϡ
֣һߵλǷ䣬ṩϢĵطһ޴λǿʮ˵СѾʮִĿռˡм򵥵İڷӲ豭ˮôҴ;ʱ䡣
ΪΧһΧ죬ΧмͬҲˡ
Ǻǣλ̶ӵĶӳ׸̶ӹʮһӢǻƸ޺ͽɽΪ̶ӵر𱣻ߣ޺ͽɽɶˣҾܷģ
洫һ֪ǶԷлȻ͸ÿһ䣬ÿһ˶ܹ
Χһεı˾ȻһԵƽҲһ˷ܵı顣
Цôˣʲô
ƽЦЦֵ֪ǵкʵߵͣͨõĵȼ֮⣬мȽĴڣҲĴڡһ
ǾѡβܹõģֻҪͨӦѡΣȻԻѫ£Ϊ֮ԻôǲõֻȻ֮ϻϱǸ֮ϾǿԼ߼ֹް˾ʮҲ˵ĸ˸ʮЩ˼ƿǿеǿߣ׷ϵĿꡣ
ǶƽʮָȤνĿֱ𣿻Ҫʲôˣ
ʽʮ֣Ǿսκ˶ǰȥսκһǿֻҪܹʤô㽫ΪµĿǸ˵ܹȻڸ֮λһǿеǿߣϾǲְλϴĳõģ
һѪڣĴһеǿߣԸǿսҲһǸֶԾĳ棬͸оһѪڣ˻һҪľǺңѪоͿǿһս
仯ƽεİڰֵ֣ܣǴ㣬ڵʵɲսĻֻ·һԣȰ㲻Ҫɵ£ôᣬǺúһᳬԽǵģ
ԷҲΣЦȭͷһ죬һᳬԽǣ
˵仰ʱ˳ţԲǴţǻºɣԾĶȾΧˣһԵ̶һĿϲԷӣҲϲһŵݴߣȻһ·ǰճΪվڴ½˵ǿߡ
У˵ҲͷȻҪսЦͻȻһԴһô˵ĶС˵ɫʱ΢䣬תһӿȥ


ٶʮ ĲҰ
Էܴ󣬼ļȫˣһЦҶתƵһƺڲ鿴˭Ȼ˵ţֱԲҪսΪ
УǸ߸ϲַģս˼붼룬˾ȻĻȻȻľΪԷڴţˡ
ֹͣ˽̸ȫתƵбһӣͬĸĺӣղŵǴﴫġ
ƽɫЩѿѪˣɽǰĲ䣡
̶ԷĻɫ׵ıϵһҪǰȴͻȻһָֻסˡ
磡㡭
̶ЩĿ𣬸ղĸһĻѾ׵ļŭ̶̶κ˸˵Ļ
Ķ̶ҡҡͷȻЦ˵ûϵ˵˵ֺηǵģ
ö̶ֻ֣û¸첲ֻȴɨǰļˣǵȫӡԺУлᣬ̶һĽѵ
Ǻǣڵ˰ԽԽ֪ߵغΪѧһƤëȻһӵڶ˵ЦЦ
߲׼׷ǶԷƺȴûֹͣĴ㡣
ߺⲻĮӲƽƽһλҲǲ³Ա컹ǳʶˣʱ˸ĮӲɾˮǴˣҪΪɽİˣ
ٺ٣˼ǸʱɽɽǺˣһһЦ˵ʱǼҪĺһˣ

һȺ޼ɵĹЦȫûнһ˵£ΧļҲЦĴߣ׼֡
ƽ߬˫ȭɫ࣬ƺܲסҪ֡
ƽ硭
һԵҡҡͷȻסԷȭͷƽ磬Ҫһ֣㲻ǵĶ֣ǵȺһĻ°Ѫǲ䶯ֵģʱ˶Ҫˣ
ƽһͣһص̱ϣʵȷǶԷ˵Ķ֣ң滹ϵϵΣƽе
ͶȥһǸı飬ȴһЦݣȻ豭ȫ
ιǿ쿴С椰ĮӲʲôʱһôƯС椣Էû˿ķӦΪѾѡȻ޼ɵ
ӦòĮӲ˰ɣҼǵĮӲƺûôƯŮ˰ԷͶߣȻ̶ɨɨȥ˿ûԼĿ⡣
ٺ٣ôƯСܹڴϣȻ󡭡ͻȻһһЦ˵Ȼ󼸸¶һĨаЦ⣬һۣЦ
ƽ˵ɫЩѿȫ𣬶˿ȴҡŲ豭ɫϵıûκεı仯ƺȫûԷĻĳһͻȻ豭Ȼһ豭طŵϣſԼ¶һ˿õ΢Ц
Ǹҵʧһˣ
˻޼ɵ֮Ļ⣬ĿȻΧ̶Ͼ˽ɫŮ֮ǰûм
ٺ٣ǼͲ˰ɣҸǣܹҽѹ£ٵá
ԷĻδ£ͻȻһֻ첲ԷһգȻԼĲӸץס΢΢һӽһ˳
ƺδŹԷŵ֮һԷĶӣǵһʱ߹ǶѵһڶԷϣʱѪҺֱ߷˳
˿ͬ鱻۸ͻȻλվҪ֣Ķƺ죬ͻȻһ⣬ֱӽԼһ׳ɿ˳ȥصײһķǽϣһصĵڵҲûܹ
һֽһһڵһϥϣһѵ죬ĸһʹ͵䣬ֱһϲߣڶԷ°ϣֱӽ߷ڿзһȻصĵڵϡ
ʣµһһֱӸɵˣнԼͬ飬Ҫ֪ԼͬɶһԪʦʵʹȻڶԷһжû߹
㡭ʲôЩֵ˼۵ľ֡
ɫȫûΧѾŴ˵ߣг˱塣
ô˵ҶνΪöǶ֣ǣǸ˵Ļôһ棬ҲҪ㣡
˵ֳ֮ŶԷȥ
λСֵܣԵȣ
ͻȻ洫һȣֽڿ΢һͣͣһһץסԷĲȻһתֽԷȻһѺݺݵŶԷԴײһԵš
ۣ


ٶʮ ٷ
λֵܣ֣ͣ
ȻĶԷĻüͷһ壬Ǻԥĳһһ˦ԷԴصĿһԵϣʱһƬ졣
ʮ֮ڣѸٽˣлжԷҪкþϣһоȻһΪ
ԭһЦĿֵļȴҲЦˣŴЩ˼ĿǰһУڵһŵɨȻתƵϡ
ལ
鲻ԽһҺЩǰǴһЦݵȻ˵ĹϺݾ
ৣ
ӰͻȻڷУڵŵļɨȻתƵһԵϣò֮ͬʱһ㶣û뵽ֵľȻһλꡣ
λֵܣƺ˵㲻Ҫˣ׸ɫЩѿϾԼ̶ӵĸˣԼ̶г˭ҲЦݡ
ľǱ⼸ֻǻӦõĳͷνƣ赭дĽ
㡭׸뽲ʲôȴһԵ޺
Ǻǣλְֵܺ
ǰ˵ɨһͦεӣü͸һɱ֮˵ϢȫȻƾǿľ֪ܹоԷڵΣϢ
Ӧǿߣ벻Ȼǿߣϵ͸ҪǶǿߣ
鲻Խһδе𺳱ֳ
ֻǽѵһ۵ļһˣ˵ʲô֣
˵Ȼ󻺲߻ص̶˵ԡ
һԵ޺ҪͻȻһζȻһ˻
ã
׸޺һۣȻ˹˲ΧֱӷӳȥԶշȥ
ߺһȺܵһԵĴЩĴ档
ô£ղŵ˻ʲô˽Դ⣬ȻԶȥĳһͻȻɫһͣȻЩֵĽԴջϵıǼ
ôˣ㿴ʲô˽ŵʵ
١ٷˣнٷˣ
ЩֵĴڣʱҺģѾ˸ղѵĸ˵ǿƣӶǽô죡
ǽٷˣ
гֵһȺˣƽɫЩѿɬĽ
ٵ𣿡˵Ȼס̶С֡
ƽϴſЦûǵȷרŸ⣬ٹնӣȻϵĲһգϻãҲһƴĻ»ֱɱ˽ر
ƽǵնвλ𣿡˵óǶЩٷǴĵп־塣
ԣǻλˣһûµģƽɫһϵı΢ɣȻ§һ
̶ЦЦʱڴо䣬˿Ѿƽš
׸޺ϳȥʱ˫Ѿ̶ӵĻΧ£һ𣬽ǰһȺ赲ǰ档
ЩǰһȺϿһۣ׸ϵıЩѿ
λǺ⣿
һȺͬȫվϣֻϹͺͺʲôûȫվˡ
ͷմ˽ٷˣԹƴԼнˣԼҪһ
ٷȺɢȻһļһǰϵһİ̺ۼռ˰һֲŭĸо
ºڵ̶ѾǰΧˣڸ·һÿ˽һǧʯȻһڶǿԷȻǽȫɱĽߣ
״̬ȫܹܵģ׸ɫЩѿѹӳ˵λֵܣҶ·ϻ죬ӦҲ˴˶һеĹأһʹһʨӴ󿪿ڣ£
ǺǣǰҵȥĻͲˣڵЦһȻΧɨһۣһĨ˷ܣ
׸ɫһȻһԵˣȻų˵ȰûǲҪΪߵλɶǿߣ
ڵһ㶣ϵı龹ȻһĨ棬δе𾪣ǰɨ
û뵽λȻǻʸǿߣǺǣǴɣҲʸ񣬿һԵȻˣǾÿϽٽҾֱӷΣ
׸𾪣벻ԷȻҲǻʸˣȻһڼȥһʯʣµȻܹܵġ
Ϊһ֮޺ɫЩѿԷ֪Լ˵֮ѡ٣ȫԼ˵ݿС
ڵЦһȻ󿪿ڽһ˵ȷǶˣǻнٵĵ֣ѵΪ˶˻𣿾ܹңʱ̶ӵѾɱˣ
㡭׸ɫ࣬콲
ϻ˵Ƚ޺һȻֱȥŶԷȥ
ϣ
ڵһȻӱͳһ˶ĺڵת˲޺սһ
Ҳ˲սһʮһɽսһĻҲԱ¡
ȥɱ⣡
Ϊٷڶ࣬Ȼһ˲˶ԷȦȻһ˲䳯Χļʮͷȥ
ųԼ߳ʮٷˣתԵ̶С˵̶ƽǣ
˵һ߿ǰĴڣһ˳ȥ


ٶʮ ˵
ʮٷ˸ոյһͷǰϵķͻȻһը죬Ȼ󷿼ĴѣһӰ֣˻δӦõӰѾڼǰ
䵽ԷϣһǰһٷϥϣȻδȶԷӦһײԷֱӴǰ߷ȥ
ԶԷû뵽Ȼ˴ӷг˳ʵƺܲһٷ˳Ȼ޻ڵһȭȥ
һݣһֻ˳һԼ̶סȻ͵һȭӳ
׻
䣡
˵ȫ˲ײһɾ޴Ŀɢվϵļ鲻ԽȥĿüȫվȡ
˼һ߰ѹ⽣˲γɣһӣȻſе߰ѹ⽣˲䳯Ŷ湥ȥ
飡
ԷոյסȭͷǱĹ⽣ȴֱӴ̴ؿڣδȷһҽУ˾ͱһ
ǻȺ׷Χڣ߰ѹ⽣ϺХתһܲ͸ĹǽΧ˽ȥ
飡飡飡
༸˻δӦǰĹ⽣ѾֱӴ̴Ⱥ˵塣ȻһŽһ߷ȥ
ʮˣվɨһսΪٷڶ࣬󲿷ֵĽٷѾΧļʮͷȥƺǴҪֱɱ˶ᱦ
ΧеĿҲѾ˷Էսһ̶ӵĻѾȫסԴ˿ֻܹԼ
ĳϲսӰɨ޺ͺڵս˫ȫСģʱ׼ֶԷȻһ¶Էء
˵ʵӦö𣡰ȽЩ˰ɣ
̾ϢһϾ˫˿̶ͬˣǶԷˣԼҲ鷳
ŵһȽļԷȻ˳һתһԷȥҲһķɣһתеļѹ⽣ܷȥ⽣ٶȼ죬̾ˡ
󣡡
ٴʩչΧһ󼸺󲿷ȫټΧսˣһʱĿڶĽٷ˾Ȼ
飡
޺ͺڵ˺ݺݵײ֮ٴηֿȫǲ¡
ͻȻ۾Ȼ뵽Լ磬ĵ׳׵ƽ֮Χһٴĳǰ
˼һǰȫǰ֣лһŹâԪţȻǣ֮£ԪָȫΧճһʹʱøӵĹĿ
һУͻȻ˫ֲ£Ȼ͵ƳͻȻɢܳȥ
ۣۣ䣡
֮ٶȱøѸ٣ڶԷδ£Ȼת˲һոմԷ壬Ȼ̷һը
һм˲߽˶ԷĶ飬˱ըˣܹսһӼһ㡣
Զĺڵɫı˺ɫû뵽ԼžԵƣǾȻһ˲ͱһ˸˲߽
һﵽʲôڵһӦߵĶ֣Ѿû֮ǰȫڷԷĹ˿̵ĺڵѾʼԥԼҪҪˡ
ʱĵĪ̶ӵĶӳ׸ʼԼ֮ǰûе𣬷Ļ̶ӵʧɾԹˡ
ԶĽɽѾ𽥽ԼߵĽٷˣڵʮֲĵĴ̳ˣ
˵곯޺귢ݵĹȻʱһµԶȥ
ϴȻӴˣԭͿӦ𹥻ڽٷһɢʼԶ˶ȥ
ŽٷĶӣ˲û׷ٵ˼һԶ̶ڵķλδܵκεĹȻķ
̼ʧߣ׸ʼ̶Ӹ˵ְ֯Աʼ˹
ৣ
׸޺ȫڵϣȫЩĴǰ꣬ղıֿ˴һҲļʱֲ˾ദĽٷˣ̶ʧСνû
Ǻǣλֵܣζİæ֮ǰԼ޸Щεһȭ̬Ƚ֮֮ǰ˺ܴĸı䡣
ڰֻ֣ҪԼ˲˺ˣҲøлң
벻ϷȻˣû뵽Сֵ;Ȼʵ˵ãûв´ĻСֵܵʵ¾ҲԶˣ
޺仰׸һû뵽ԷȻԼҪ䱣ֺùϵ
ǺǣСֵܣβۺԭȷǰһæһٸʯΪл֮ͣǰɵķȫ˻ʱǿѴǵ̶ӣ
ʱԷûκεĿһǾͶлˣ


ٶʮ ɽ
ɽˣ
ͻȻ洫һź˴ӳ˯оѣԭ̶̱
𻺻˫ۣվԼǰһעԼ̶һЦˣ
ţ̶ݸһЦƽѾˣҲȥɣ
Դ֮һȻӴͷѪħڱ̶ЦЦߣǳȥ
߳䣬ŷѾȫ䵽һ޴Ĺ㳡ϣ˿̵Ĺ㳡ȫӰ𲻽Щ
Ȼôˣн˰ɣ
ǺǣֵܣߣԶƽ֡
̶߹ȥƽЦһָԶһȻһĽЦ˵ûУɽ
ĳǽ׸ߵĳǽΧһ㽫ڵľȫվĹ㳡棬һ޴ʯͷŰȻؼ䣬һĹޣϵܼȺ
ֻɽıɽһǣɽʮӴ󣬾ƴȫߵĻʱߵͷɽһľ޴ţĵطȫΧǽΧԣҪ븮ǣֻܹŶӴȥ
ƽͻȻһָΧ㳡ܼȺЩǴӸظҪɽˣɽȱ
ͷ֮ǰԼȥĴʿҪʤһ֣ÿһĻô𼸺жӴˡ
Ǻǣλǻڴ˵Ⱥ죬֮ٴ̷أԴҪ֮ڷأ̶ӵĸ׸һȭЦ˵
߰ɣǽǿȥǶǳ˺棬ЩȲҪȥһ
̱һʯǷѣȻɽĳھƾ֤ĻɣһĻҲɽ룡ʵĺô
ƽӿһĨۣ˶ϣԼӵиǿʵվڽĶˣһӣ˳Ǵʱ򣬴ֻܹһƽӹķˡ
ų糤һĶ鲻ƶ˴Űʱֵˣ˽Ƿѣڽ뵽˸ǵڲ
һ븮ǣųˮĽֵϢȺ۴αȵĵ̣𲻽զ࣬벻Ȼô֡
ＸҪҵĶȫҵ̵̣꣬ջԼӦоУȻǰ㹻ļǮҪ֪һĻѿɲǸСĿһ˸Ѳ𣡡ƽҲЩ˷ܵĽȻＸΣÿֵľȻеļ
ҺҪȥеһЩħ˵ȶ̶ûʲôĻڽϹ䣬ҪסǧҪڳڶֹ֣ڳڶ֣ڳԴɱɱȫӶǽڻҶֵĻ־ģǿɲǺǵģ־ǾԵǧҪǶԿ
ЦЦƽ磬㾡ȥɣҺ̶䣬ʲôµģ
ƽͷȻٴ˼עȻźĳһȥ
ˣҪʲôأΧϢȺһʱҲûʲô⡣
ɣҲûʲô£̶ЩĴΧĻŮǶΧһг˺档
ߣЦһ̶С֣Ȼ˿ʼ߱ΧĻ
ЩõΧĵɨɨȥ̵꣬ħ̵꣬ҩիջ̡ӦоУ˼۾
Ư·
̶ͣһԵһϣſλóһƯȹ̶ееһ
ЦЦŮǶЩȤ̶СֳǼҵ߹ȥ
̶صһɫȹɵȹڣ죬Լ⴦ΧܹгŮӵ֫ϸһۿȥЩϲ·ˡ
ϰ壬·Ǯŵڵϰ忪ʵ
ǺǣСֵܣ㻹۹⣬·̵֮ۼ۽һǧ˰ٽʯõħ׺׵ޣߢ˿Ȼһһֹ֯ͶɣбܣϻжůĹЧλС㴩ϼֱɰϰĽܵ
һǧ˰ٽʯ
̶һۣӶԷпĨ𾪣һ·ȻҪ˸߰⼸ĮӲеĲƲˡ
߰磬·ҿɲҪ̶ĸ첲תߣû˵𣬶ǽԼҪһů
ѾͷǮˣʱһʮ·㴩±֤Ƶ˵
ţ̶һ죡û뵽̶Ȼʮĵ˵ͷ


ٶʮ ìܳͻ
߽Ĵ̶Ϊǰľ𾪵ŴͣϢӵֳӵ·뵽һ¯
û뵽Ȼôҡҡͷ߰ɣȥҪĶȻֱȥһطס¡
ӵȺǰнЩΧȥһδĶۼ
ҩʯҩһ·Ϲ۲죬ھ֮һ̨ǰԼҪĶ
ãԽó𣿡Ľָָָ̨еһֻĵͼ
ǺǣλСֵһ˰ɣ˵һͼ˵رزٵװ
ϰִ·Ĺ̨ȡһ۵ɼͼݸ𿴡
Ǻǣͼ˵ϸɵĵͼǾǰ˲ܽ̽޸ĻƶɣϸĽеް˿ʮԼΪļյأԣӵһݵͼ˵Ǳزٵģ
˫ĦеĵͼӦĳħ޵ƤëƳɣֻҲʮֵϸдССеطȫעֻֻǷһڵĲţûκεıע
ϰ壬ΪϸĽбעЩֵʵֻһźĺȫĵطÿһɽע
ǺǣСֵܶǺ˽ⰡϰЦ˵Σյһյأĳֿռԭǿ߽Ļͻܵռ赲ԣΪֹֻǿµ˿Խ룬Ƕȴûȫ߱飬Ϊﳣ걻ϣȥ˼ʹǰȫҲ֪Լ浽ߵģһ޴Թ
ͷٴμסµϢռԼϢ
֪ݵͼҪٽʯָָеĵͼ
Ǻǣһʮʯ
һʹһݵͼȻĮӲһͨͥһµˣԼȷʵҪⶫ
óʮʯ͸ԷȻ󽫵ͼж̶˵ͷ˿ʼΧȥϾϵǮѾ࣬Ķ
ڽĹһȦڼݳһѣ̶ջúõĳһΣ˽ٽʯ˶ɽӡѹ˶ֻܹסɽΧĵطһѵġ
߳ջЦſ̶һǧʯҪһطסˣһ취׬ǮˣĻֻܹ¶޽ͷˣ
̶ƤһЦʱܵȥ
ٺЦȥؿʯȥСô󶥣
̶װһŭСǴ
˱ֵܱ֣Ľֵһഺķ羰
ȵȣ̶Ҫ֣ͻȻͣӣȻһѱסͣ½Ų̶Щǰ·ȥһȦΧ£һУѾֵΧˮйͨ
磬ʲô飿̶ЩʵΧǱ߸ȥ
٣㣬ֿԿ
нԵ·˳Ǳ߸ȥüͷһۣȻͻȻڣߣǹȥ
˼ܵȺʱɫͻȻЩѿãƽ磡
˿̱˰ΧĵȷƽˣЩ־ſƽĻУСĳţƽһŵĿǰһȺˡ
˵Ķ棬ʮ˻İΧŶԷȺλãΪɫȹ꣬Ůɫƽ߰бһȫѩ׵è˫ĸèë޵ƤëƺǰһԼ޹ϵ
˿Ůǰһ˫űӣϴЦݣȻɴ͸ϴľ֪ô˰ɣ
һ˫ֽץסƽļɪɪƽɫЩ࣬˫ֲӣȴŭԡ
λˣ鵽δҶղλСѾƣҲǸˣ㵽׻Ҫô
¸СǸСԭ£Ǿ͵׼εɣ˦˦еƤޣϵıһưƺʮǴ˿ֱΧ۵ĸо
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ƺǹȫһѪӡƽڱˡ
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飡
ͻȻһɾѾ´ָзȻӰ¶̶ӰͬʱˬʵЦ
ƽ磬龹ȻҲкֵһҲ̫˼ˣ


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飡
˵Ĺһκ޻ڵײһͻȻ³һѪȻٴεԶȺУһԵҲΪײ˼һĨ𾪣
ԷղžȻԼȫһ߿ԷȻԼȻǴһĲ࣬ôҲδ뵽ԷȻܹƾһйԼ˸ƽ֣
ৣ
ȺͻȻܳһӰǸղű˦˳ȥ𣬴˿Ǵһ˿ѪӿһĨ


ٶʮ 
ѾɳȥȻٴվ鲻ԽһԷȻܹ¶ǿߵһеⰡ
ҲüͷһķֶԷЩˣƺղŵǷײδκε˺
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ЩȻתԶһӰԿг֣Էһˣһͦ·ɨϲϵı鲻ŭ

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죡
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תһԵˣȻҪϡƺЩݣղһֱڰ﷢Ȼǿһ
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³븮ǣط˽⣬ǵҵطסʱһȥϰݻᣡ
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ν޳ȻָսֵĵطĽ֮ЩȲԾԾԣϾֶԾÿһ֮пڴġ
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ֻǰȻһƽ׵ľ޴Բι㳡㳡ְԲͣһʯͻȻڵҳĿӶӶ£ΧȫǴĹϯɽĹڣڿӶ·Ŀ鷽Ĺ㳡˿̹㳡ڽ
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Էһ̾𲻽Щ棬λ˵еǺǿĴڣ߻ʥߣҪôǸĵ۾ڡ
һԺеѹ³Ĵ͸еЩ̫˳ԼǿĴڽֻΡ
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ЦЦϲܷ룬ҲʤʮʮǱʮʮʱͻУȻܹһٳȫʵѷɫĶʱҲֻϾҲʵһ֣
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һĵӮٳͿԻƺţסָӮʤİپʮųڵٳʱʧˣȻܹƺš
ͷȻǼԽԽѣ
βס˷ܣͻȻЦָָ·һճ޳ЦôûȤһδģ


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ڴҲ²ⳡսеʱʱһӰзɳȻɳ޳ݺݵص˳⣬ص䵽ϡ
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ʮ һʮ
ʱɽһϢ޳ս֮λʵϣѾкöûܹժĳƺš˵ѵƺš
ʵע⵽ըԵϢһսƺŵľȻһλ꣬ϢһζԷսɹĻ¶ԷΪɽǧѡ
һϢܹҵע⣬ǾǾ˵޳⼸һλɵŮмԷ˶ᱻòԵΪ
һʼ˻ɣΪʱ䲻ܴˣźԽԽվҲòʼЩţ֪ԽԽ˿ʼ޳ܣ˲ŻȻһһġ
սѪŮһѾֵûһٽʯ볡ȯϾסɽЩһٽʯʵǲʲôϾоʵıƯŮɿ
ι쿴ǾʱҶڴŮֱ̫Ưˡ
һȺոս뵽޳Ĺ̷˶һվڹϯһȾŮͷ·һѩڹϯһ磬ϵıƽȴԶųеĳһλ꣬·Χ룬ȴ쳣ĺг
̶Χʮ֮ڵλûǴҲ̶ԣûһԾͻһвβסԼ̬ı֡
ˣԸѡھ̶ԶĵطҲʹ̶λóΪϯΪһ
ȻǰŲһһξǲҲֵˣŮ
ٺ٣ôˣĶˣŵˣ
꣡СҪ

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ɽ˺Ĺ㳡ɨ˵Ĺ㳡ϯʮѾþδֹΣŲ߶̲סѪĳ嶯
⼸죬һλСֵ𣬶̶̼֮ڿɨʮˣٲȻѾΪ޳㣡
Ƕֵ֪ΪĳƺŶսģԣΪôҿѪر޳ֻҽΨһһ޳ȫһֵ֤֤ܹһ漣
ǻӭֵ볡
ৣ
һɫӰȻǰһɫװ
ɫƽĿѪħٲȻѾ⼸ѪɫĶֳԾ˿ͷ
Сֵܣɽ֪սĳƺţΪܹɹҪ֪Խǣǿ߾ͻԽ࣬սҲøӵĽƣ
΢΢һЦڹϯĳͣͣһɫȹŮ΢ЦעԼ
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Ǻǣ˶ʮڴı֣Ͳ˵ϻˣ޳ʮһʽʼֵܽҪԵĶǡ
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ͻȻһƽȴߵĶУͬʱҪĻԭֺĹ㳡ʱš
Щ˼תǰ꣬Լղˣ
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΢΢һЦϣսʮ֣
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ߣ˵һ֪ܣʮȥ磬ΪԼµһˣԽ˶
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СӣȻ˼ҵҪߵһ
߲źۼĳųеʹһɫͬ˶ԷҪ
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ȻֵǾͳȫҪ󣡽ֵܽҪսʮˣǴĿԴһսɣ
ߵĻŻԪĶϯÿһ˵ĶСһʼ𾪳Ĭˣ˼֮ڷӦ˹˲䱬һȲ


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޳עҪΪЩֵһΣսδʼ㳡ΪǸһ仰Ƶ˸߳
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СӣûУЩźȫΪעıݳأ۽ʤΣֶÿһǣԣúõıְɣϷҲڴı֣
¶һ˿Цݣǰʧģ
Ǻǣܺãٵʱ飬ȵĺõĻ䣡׼Сӣıʱ䣡
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ߵͷȻת㳡Ԫ쳹㳡սʼ
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ӰͻȻԹϯ֮˲Χ̶˲䣬Ѿ˰ˡ
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ߣʲôһ˾Ϳʰ᲻ҪǶ֣Ҿͽ¹ҷ絶ﻹǵһμôļһ

ƺû˵ķŭĻһ㣬ԤϵԼ֮ǰĻһЩ˵Լ˷еı֣񣬿ڳԣԴꡭҲ󲿷˶Ϊİɣ
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Χһọָ̃̄
絶Ҷ
ڿеһӰԼǳΩһһڿеˣ˵ֻн붷ǿ߲ſ̤շУԷʵδﵽʵԣ²ԷʩչһĹ
ѪһһͿѪɫͼ˵
οƣ
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ոκ׿

һ𣬹㳡ΧʮȫԼս֮ǰĹء
Ա֮ͷȻ벽ǰ죬΢΢бһƣȻλԿʼˣ
˵Ƥ΢΢һһֱ̫ˣһʮȻʹ׼öԷȹ
ߣСӣ³ͿѪɫͼѪһȻһŵ棬һڵһХʮ׵ľ˲ǰ׾롣
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δ־ţڶ߼ҧԴʱͻȻ֣ȻһѸסߵߴ磬
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飡飡飡
˵Ľֵʯ˲ǼеĶɱУĳĹһĵҴһ
ڵϼȻ޳ԵĽͣΣ̧ͷ߿һΧɻνԼΧڵĶ֡
ߣҪһʮֻⵥµĻ»еҶЦһһѿС
ûԷļٴɨˣͻȻ˫ǰһֵӡٶԽԽ죬ɻʱͻȻĵһ
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𺳵Ŀ£ͻȻ˲룬Ȼһ˲˷һ㣬гʮӰÿһӰȫһģһȫǺɫ£ѪħɫȻɫ
ʮĵӰʮĸ˲佫ΧʮӰΧ룡ÿһȫɫĶųеĶ֣
һʱ䣬ȭȻ


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ȫž
˶һ˲λϵЩ˼Ŀųеɫı龪ȵ

ϯϵҲĲ˼飬ȫضųУƺ׵׷ʲô顣
סӣڣӿһĨ˼飬۾ضųеʮĸһģһ𣬲ΣԴƺڲϵĸ𺳣ƺƽʱԼЩԳŵЩһ
Լ֪ж̬𽥵ĸĹۣ
ԭŲ豭˫ֻͣͣһĨƺǰҲһ˿档
ϸųеʮĸ۲˰Σ¶һ˿Ц⣬ЦҡҡͷСӣ벻ٴθһϲȻûп㣡
֪ôһ׵ĻЩʵ
Ŀǣ»һı
ƽ˵ȻеĲ豭ϸһڡ
ƲƲǣƺڸײشԼʮΣǽͶУоȻҲӿһĨڴ֮ɫ
ԶĶڹϯ̶һֱעųеı仯ʹȫ𾪵վ̶Ҳüͷһ費
磬̶һֻ㣡Ļʱ䣡

еʮȫȻĶΧԼΧÿһɨܹҳȻҵջʧˣΪÿһȫһģһ鶼һģһͷ·һ˱ͬľӲϷγɵͶӰ
һһĹװŪѣҲҪ£ոǵѪղԼ༸ǰˣ޲̳ȥһʬ
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絶ҶһȻ˫һ˫ͬʱѷ絶ͬʱ˦ԲͬĽǶ˲䳯ȥжпܵĶ;
ҶϵĶͣϵŷ˸ȻٵĳŹԼȥԼƯڿУҶıûôľ塣
ۣۣ
ǵѷУȻͱХķиԴԴڿз°ûԴȴΪǰܡ
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ۣ
ػҶ³һѪȻԿе䵽ϣ˲ûиҶﷴĻᣬһڶԷߴ
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Ҷƺһ޳ϻ⣬ֱӳ֡
ԭʵǿķ絶ҶﾹȻ˵һֵĶ֡ӳֵжɴ䣬ɱϣսḻһôе
ۣ
һԼǰԴοһҵҲǼٵģ
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أһɫ˳ȥһƺʮֵĵӦ֡
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ۣ
ͻȻһɫӰϺ󷭣ͣһ䣬ѰҲ
ĳ֣ΧļӹںٴγΪˡ
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峿ĵһأɽٴӭµһ졣
ɽڵĿջѾΪ˲ԶǧɽԼסϻԱӿɽֻһĿģǾΪ˼֤һ漣
ջ˿ɫǴѾΪڳ͵ͬʱÿһȫڼҵͬһ顣
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ҿۿˣǲ֪ڹϯϹۿܹѪڣּҵսΧȫǷĹڣźͻ̲סһ˻ߵź
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ʵ󲿷˶Կ̬ȫһʰˣҪ֪⼸ɽıըˡ˵ļһﾹȻֻʮ꣬ʮ갡λʮʱʲôʵ˱˰˵һԹԵİ̾ƺڸ̾Լƽӹ
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ֹЩʧһƨλϣԷ¶һβҰ׵ı飬϶
ħӮǰѾļǿߣֶκԸƧɱ˲̶ΪħǰҲҪսĳƺţܻӮսһȫʧܶգӮһƺšսߣҲ˵˭ҪսΪ·˹ӮǾʹʱ½ҪսᣡҼǵáֵƺûɣ˵ʵ̫ˣ
Ŵ˵Ļ£뵽˰û˽·Ǳʩչһ㲻֪˵ʲôʵϴѡɽΪ˼֤һ漣ĵǣϢѵҪս
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ͻȻĽСΧȴȫˣһΣû˿ڳʾ֧֡
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ͻȻһɧңȻһȺȺһ㲻Զ޳ȥ
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֪˭һ֮ͣͻȻһ죬һԾ𣬳ſӿȥǱҪܵ޳ȥƱȻл볡У콫һս۳ɹر壬ܿĻδ̫ϧ

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·޳УȻһɫ£ͦϵıŲѪħɢĵĹâ⼸ս˵Ϣ仯˲٣ƺһ˿һɱһ죬Щ죬ҲѾǰӡԺ
̧ͷעǰˣüͷ΢壬ӶԷһθоһΣյϢǰıδоãһѵս
֪˵һ˳ӣҪƴˣֱӴӱѪħ˦˦ȻٴοԷһơ
𣡴ħӮսһ


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Ȼһֱͳ˱Ѫħ֮ϯ˲ˣҪ֪֮ǰǴδεսʼ󣬵ΪԷԼεŻεս
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֮ǰĶУԷԼžԵţҪҵԴСӣǣһ⣬ȫʧˣҰܵһͿأԣСӲҪ˵󻰣һҪʵ˵
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飡
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˵ӰڳײֻһӰ޳ȥ˵Ӱ
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һԷҷɵ·޳УҲ䵽ϣŲˣסΣǲѾѵʯͷǹ
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һѪͻȻ˿ڴʼѪƺδ⣬ٴסһʯǹ編ƣȻʯǹγ
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о˿ڵѪʼ𽥱ֹס̧ͷŶԷĽҪΪֻף
˵֮𻺻쿪ƣͻȻðһŻ棬Ȼ·Ǿ߱һ㣬˲ȫһһȫС
жôǿҵˣ


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Ȼһ˲ҲʩչһףһһɱĻףӮɫʱ
һﵽ׻жûʩչ
뷨ĲֹӮһˣϯϵÿһҲ˺棬ƺʲôʱܹڴΪѾеʱʩչһ־ת棬Ȼ˾̾֡
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˵ܹɹΪǧ
Լ׵ĻһԵûзԣ߽ضų˵Ǹһ˫ϵѪʱ֪ΪΣȻûκֻĸо
⼸죬ȫ̸Լĸ׼֤괴漣˸ոìܵʱΪԷе㱾¶Դֵ꣬˰˶Էһ֮ʧȥǣ޲ýһǣվ޳ϺǾ䡰ҪսʮĿʱֻоһһ׵ķˣȻܻ˵ķ񲣬ļֱûߡ
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ߣܹٻΣҪң㻹Զأ
˵˫һʱһѽ׵ľ޴صϢϳ׵ھ޴һ˵⡣
ߣ޴
ŹӮһŭȣеľ޴ͻȻһ죬Ȼ󻮹ʳ£ھ޴Ӱ£Ե쳣С
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˫޴һӴһ䣬˫ϥˤ
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ղ˵Ǿ仰ͻȻ̾ϢһȻ󻺻˳ȥŸˣ


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۾еһͷʹѣ˵Դ·Ҫըʹ۾Ȼ󻺻߲ű΢һ㡣
˫ְڴϣ𻺻һǽϣȻ̫ѨԺЩԺϵ鿪ʼر
ȻǱˣ˵Լʵܳ飬ս̫ȫĳԲˣںһƾͱûجج
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ǵûзԼɵ䷿侹ȻһŮӵĹ뷿ôǱˣΪŮӵĹ뷿ϵıűЩ
һ𾪵ı飬̶ҲЩ̿ǰ˵ߣ㻹˵أѵ㲻֪Ϸʲô飿
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İɣʲôûзΪһ˯ģ
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ʲô̶ɫЩңԸ⿴Է
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̶ֻż⣬Ȼ쳤ӣӣСһڡȻջߣһٶ죬Ѿվ˿еһçţçϣ¿ϻһĨΡ
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СӣȻҪҵδްΪܹսʤ˴𣿡껲ڿ˵
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̶ҵģ


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·óǶƷɨһۣ껵ɫһĨмǿһ̶ϵˮԼжı飬껵оһŭ
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ԴҼ̶һ껾͸ԼŮԺҪΪԼŮˣڴٳҵļҳͬ˵Ļǣ̶ȻԼмӣȴδԼǷĸ顣
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Żɫ˫ͫе껣ûһ˿Ծĵʹ˲
ৣ
ӰͻȻڿУɽһֻּԼŮԶݶϣЩɻĴߡ

һ۾Ϳ·Ⱥ𣬿Ǵ˿״̬Щ˲ΪϸܵһϢ֪ʲôȫʱԼʶǸꡣ
֯ŮȻڿǵռ֮һʱ䣬ȻЩ𾪵Ȼǿռ
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ؿڵâǿʼϱ仯һǵķӡȻ򿪣ɵӿӿţڶâǴ򿪣
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ħӡʱҲʼ츲صı仯忪ʼѸٵʹֻҸ첲ǷڵѪҺһ㿪ʼϵķͣѪᣬⱩǣ˲ʹ˽ֻҸ첲߱۰ҪһѪɫӡǲ˳ұֱӵĲȻգİҲħһֻʣֻѪɫͫ׽ضе껡
֮ǰɽϣǿâǵķӡħѾԿƣȻֱӿӡһ˲ܲסıǣѪܱѣ屩ǣ˵Ŀ仯ħһֲ
ı仯ΧֵΧ˵𾪣˿ʼֵĳԶ𣬽ǲϼʱ䣬Χʮ׵ĵطѾһˣȫԶԶվ𺳵Ķ
ǡȻ˴뱲ӣҲЩ㲻ϵ׷ʲô顣
ʵڲ
ƺͻȻʲôͻȻ


ʮ 㻹Զ
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ܿʵ۷ڴ˽׶ͣƬ̣Ȼֱͻʣٴһʱֹͣľս
΢ţЩ˼Ŀڵ𣬸⵽׷ʲô飬֮ǰۿı˵ı仯涼ȷǰ֮˵ǲ
áֲʽ
۾ĶҪı仯ȴһ
ѵҲһֹ侹˰ĹͻȻ¶һ˿Ц֮ǰһʹֹĻ±˵֮֮ʮɵĻðɣ
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һӰȻԶת˲ٶ֮죬ΧڶûвԷٶȡ
СڿнסȻ糯껷ȥ
ɫһû˿ɣһûٿֱʩչԼɱУ˲һѱ˫һȽµçţϬѸٻΪӰʧԭء
ʧԶһͻȻ˦Ѫħһĳһռ俳ȥ
飡
ԭһĿռ侹ȻһײȻղſĵطԳ껵Ρ
ȻӣƾӮңеĹ⽣ͻȻһۣ˲һһһǶȻһƹеѪħֱӴĸ첲ϡ

ľǣԼĹ⽣Ȼûд̴ĸ첲·ǴʯͷһһӲ졣
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飡
£ֱϣһʯڵϣҲ˵档
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Ƥ˶Լĸ֮ۡڣսȥɽᱻݻ١
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ȫû˵İУ˫ֽ˼ӡȻһһΪģ̱ĸ
ԷδӦĹѾϣ˲ڶԷǰһȭӳжԷļԡ
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һʮҵĶǿߣѾǿԳ֮Ϊһˡ
ãȻӣ
ͻȻ˫־й⽣ָգһĨ񣬡Ȼ̶һ𣬽Ҿ㿴˵ʵಢǿͿԳƽģ
СӣһиɣͻȻȵɣ
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飡
ͻȻͷϷ֣Ȼǰݺݵײ껵ؿڣֹ˶ԷڽеĹ
Ϊ˾ͱײ屻ײڿз˼ͷĿռ֮Уռ֮֮رգʧһ֮ǰʲôδһ
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˫ͫѪ˵Ȼǰ˹ȥСıϡ
䣡
֪˿̣ΧͻȻһƬ⣬ʯһɽ䣬ɽ˲ͻᱻΪƽء
⾹ȻǸղʩչĹ벻Ȼң飬㳯䡣
ͻ鷳һȻҲվһ࿴֣һѾУ˫һ٣һ޴ĹͻȻ֣Ȼеµġʯȫ


ʮ ȥ֮ǰ
֪Լ˯˶ãֻ֪ٴ۾ʱ˵Դ·Ҫը
ʮģֻһٻӰվԼǰڰԼ̡
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͵һԴϴȻһѽ̶ץڻУкĺš
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鼱֮£һϣȻŶԷµʱѳվһԡ
Ŀǰһ˿ɻ󣬺ܿŷֶԷ̶
ˣСظΪ̫߶
̧ͷһȻٴεͷȥһ˷֪Щʲô
Ѱɣڶʲôˣ̶ѾһˣѵԶ𣿡
˿һήҵӲ֪Ϊһ˿ۣѵҪһֱȥѵ㲻׷̶û̶֪˿̵һ״̬Ƕôģ
ͻȻһͣȻ˵ղŶԲˣһ˰һ
˵ʲôȴȥһ̾Ϣһת뿪˷䣬潫Ÿϡ
ٴλָ龰һſյķ䣬Ѳ٣ƺص̶Цò̶һһЦȫԺвϵķš
磡̶һֱ㣬Ϊվڴ½Ĵڣ۶ã̶㣬ٴһ죡
̶ĻͻȻԺػԺʱһƬ
Ҳܹȥ̶ڵңһҪ͵վз·ٴһ֮ǰţֻ𶼲֪˿ԸڱħǱĬӰš

ѾһˣǸһôûгòԱ˰ɣ
һϣһƻ˵ֻдһ˿޵ĵǣԴϴڽϿ̶֮һ̷·Ƕģܹܵڵʹࡣ
İɣһﲻôױģ˫ֶһ裬ţһٴʵƺһʮⰡ֮ǰ㲻Ǻ޲ֱɱôڷˣ
ɫһæ͵˭˭ˣҺ޲һ̾أֻǵһǼǵķ䣡
Ǻǣİɣģⲻ𣡡
˳Ÿ׵ĻȥȻһԵĴУһӰ˹
һԵøӵͦΣѪħƽһӢȻ˧͵꣬òټ׽ԼǴһ˿޵΢Цܹ˲øС
ǵ΢Ц֪ΪΣȻһ·еһʯͷأ˶ʱࡣ
ǺǣֵǻָĲˣ
վЦ˵Դӿı֮۾ǵһô򵥣ò㣬ǴЦ굽׻˶ٵܡ
ʱˣҴŶʱĶݸм
ֵ̫ˣЦ˵ͻȻı鲻ʵֵ£
ͷʵһǺ͸ǵģڴ˴ŶʱҲǸøǵʱˣֻ뿪֮ǰм仰Ҫһ
濴һһԵȻͷãǳȥ
Ҳ뿪ͻȻϱȻܵſڣԶȥˣһĨȻ
һ·ӣɽϿգճɽߵһϡ
ͷ·СȺŻڣֵҪʲô
վһϣԱ߾Ǹʵ㣬ΧХĿ紵˵죬ȴһվһ
֪˽٣
һ㶣ǺܿͿڻشˣԭЩ˾Ȼ磬ѹһֵĸоʵ˽Ĳ࣬ܶǰȥ磬ֻ֪Ǻһ·еĽصһԪҪһЩĹȴҪϸٱ˵粻Ľ룬ҪԼ˵Ĵſͨţ
еÿһ嶼ǵ·߳һǿߣԣѪϾһҲ²⣬ǸСŮѿҲĳһ֮ˣ
ͷĬ˼⡣
㲻ΪЩ鷳գʵϣÿһ˵ĳõģ޷ı䣬ȻСŮమôӦþԵʵЩԵ죡ԣ·ҪСŮΪе̫Ķ
ˣ
ͷȻͻȻʵȥڤݵ֪ûиĽݾ
ʵ֪һ̣Ҿ֪һΪʵҪǿʵſԵģҲдһʱ䣡
۾ͻȻһ㡭
ЦŵͷǺܶǰˣʱҺڵ㼸һģһŶֳҰģһε֮йн˳˽ȥܹȫ˲ˣ
֪浽׿ʲôܹ棡𹬾һȭϿҵʵ
ڰ֣ûʲô˵ģʵϵҵȷʲôҲûпŴǳ֮ұԼĻʧȥϵĿӷΧʮף·һħÿ˶ʧȥУͷӬһ㵽Ҵܣ
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еĲ˼飬ȴЦŰ˰֣Ϊڶ˻ҪƴҲҪ˰ɣʵϵҽΧЩĵȻ󲿷ûܹɹܹ߳ջųһǺպǿߣ
һܽᣬʵͷ·һҪʵţĶأͷ·һĿռ䣬ѡеѡ֣Ϊ˻ʵעһնԼ
ҪȵݵĻֵҽһ̶ӣȻһ͵񣬸̶һڤݽһ̶ӶԼƵƶȣнٶҲܿ죡ֶ࣬ΣҲԻиӦ֪ƺһ̶Ҫɽһ·ֱڤݣҿԸһ£ʱԻݻ̶Сȵڤ֮жˣ
ͻȻһȭȻ󹧾һһлˣ


ʮ Ϯ
嫵ҹɫ£һ̶ӷٻҹգͷľ޴ģһС͵ĵڿ̶ӵĹģ֮ҲóȻ٣ϾóȻ̶Ӷ֣ԵȥãԲȥ»ԼҲȥ
еһķУϥڴ֮ϣ״򲻶Ľÿγ̡
۾һԴɫ˽ת⣬貵ǿգ鲻Խ̾һ
֪Ѿ˿һˣ
Դϴɽһ̶֮ۡӣ֧רڼ֮лԼнľ޴ģ̶ӣ˵һ̶ӳнһ֮ÿһεĳͶǼǧʯеգǳԶҪʮʱɣǸߴＸڽʯ
̶֪ӣԼһٶʮͷжߵʮͷȫסŻʹ˴г̵ĿˣмλȴȫѺŴĻ
ʱԼʵѾﵽ˾żȭʦı״̬ƺʱҪͻƴﵽ״̬ͬҪͻʱܾһʱҪܳʱ䣡
Ӱ䵽ǳ׵ȶĲٿأ
뵽һĨϲӰһ򣬷Ϊһ߼ʮļʮ˼ʮֻ֣û뵽ǣӵڶȼʼԼȻֱӲٿλԭĹ⽣ԼһģһһԼԼֻͨ˿ٿء
𷴶Щڴĵȼˣս֮ʱ˦ʮȫһģһԼʱ¹Ѱұ嶼Ҫöͷʹһʱ䡣
̶һƽԭݵϽ䣬ʼ˽ҹӪԭԼе˿ʼ߳Ļ
Ҳ߳䣬һĽ£ǰæµˣӪկɵĻУһ̶ӻǲҪġ
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̶˵̶ӵĺ쵼㣬Ͼûе㵨ʶǲֳ;棬ķʱ뾫ıƷʽġ
λúϢһǽͲ·ˣѾӽڤӲԶˣȵڤֻҪȥͻ뿪ڤӿڤݵĻϿϿڤһ˿ȴڤٵģΪĵվþնʺľסﻹΣյĵԣһڤ̴֮Ͽʱ¸λûôˣԣϧڵϢɸλ
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۾ԼͷųȻɢ̶Χÿһȫӳ뵽ҰУÿ˵ĶԼڽĻȫĿС
һȺɨһۣȻɢʼͶƽԭ棬ͻȻҪһԼ֪ܹﵽǿ
ڤ𣿾Ȼô
ѹֲסԼļλԼ幫֮ĵǴеĿĵأһĿ߼ʵĴӺبԭһΪȻڤӣʵӵĿȼֱҪһĺҪ
߼ɢȴһֱδӵı߼ģҪɢʱͻȻԺһ˿΢һı̱ˣ
͵۾ȻһվΧæµ˴еϮ
̺Ԫŭ˲䴫ÿһ˵ĶУϢԼΧæµȫתƵߣЩɻ󲻽⡣
ûʱԴϸֻͣôǱ˰ΧˣϽ׼ӭУ
ĻΧͻȻһЦǿɵһ㿴
һвɣôģ̶ҪǶԷõһ£ȻΧǣѵԷǸ𣿡
һղŲج˰ɣ
һȺЦȫûнĻһ¡̶ӵͷĿʷһλսͦγʵˣȻǲŹκζ̶вĴڣһǰ뿪ѯʣǰͻȻһȻվԵһըķѣѪɣݵѸһѪ
еϮһٴ̶ը


ʮ 
һź̶ӶʱѣһԾɫЩصɨΧա
˵ɨӣԶһȺڵ㻺سǰ̶ߵɫʼѿ
ҲУָһķг𾪣̶ֱӱҲͬһȭӰ𽥿
ȻıΧˣ鲻ԽĺƺŻˣҪ̶֪Ѿһ֧ʮǿ̶ӣҪֱӳ̶ֻӵĻǵҪ
ɫصѾǰȺˣɫȻ൫ǲûнŵµĵز⼸һβԵǻĥļʯ
ܵĺӰǰ׵ĿУȻͣ¾Ӹµɨ·˶ûȺ·̶ֻİΧĴ㽫̶ֻӳȥ
ʷεɫЩѿ⻹ǵһеȺ֮һǧˣԼıҪ࣬ҿȺһɷԾб
ǰ治Զڤӣ˵·ҲȺ˸ˣ޿ӣʷθоԼ·ǵһ޴ԷƺԼ̶ӵʮ˽⣬רѡطΧԼѵԼڹ뵽ʷεɫѿ
λǺ⣿
֪ʱԼҪվʷ̧ͷϷһȺˣ˵ɫܹˮ
ȺɢȥȻ󼸵ӰȺл֣Ӹµɨ·ϴһĨϷʵı飬èϷ㡣
ܱǸ̶ӱǿˣǾɣ
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ʷɫһҪȫɱȻռƣƴҿ»ܾˣΣҸһǧʯǷ뿪
һǧʯԷһͷĿЦһǧʯΪڴؤǿǽǧֵܣҿֵܿɴӲްյ˵Ǻ̶һ˽ڵĽʯɣеĲȫ£Ȼҷһ·ܷ߳ͿǸԵ컯ˣ
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ʷεĻһȺ˶ʱ˷Ͼѡ̶Ϊ˲ƣ׷Ӱٷ֮ʮĳǾζǽҪøĳ
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ɱ
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˫սһƬĲԭϣɱ¾̿ʼݡ˫ʼԭʼɱ¾
ӶѪħӺҪ͵ϮԼϵıŲû˿ľ֡
ȻΧ̷ɢʮ˶Ըʮ˽ذΧ룬׼Χ˶
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⡭⾹ȻȫʵģĻһ𾪣δȴͻȻԼ·Ȼ˸ˡ
ɫ˿ûһ˿Ѫħ䣬һԴ䵽һԵĲݵϡ
ԷͻȻüͷһ壬ȻתһӳͱҪ͵ϮԼļһײһ˵ˣѸٺʮײſͣ
̧ͷ֣ԷòʱȴͻȻͬʱסˣЩ˼ĳȻ㣡
վľȻǰնʯɽ̶еĽʯڽ֮ŵʱ˫ս벻쾹Ȼһʽٴ
նһĨϲҲû뵽ȻԼЩڵ𣬲ϲζЦݡ
벻Ȼܹ棬еԵ֣Ϊܹӵõ𣿡
Цһ֮ǰ˵ĶԹͬӿֳһ˿ŭ⣬һ³֡
ƾ㣿


ʮ 
ڤǻݺڤ޵һߣ˵ڤȻ֮ΪӵȴҪһĺҪ׳һ۸Ӷ԰
ڤף·ӴĿֲħޣԹΪյأһȻϣس׵ķָ
ڤӲ֮صһƽԭϣڽһɱ¾սǧ˵Ĵģս൱ڼ֮սǴģеһоȻǽٷԺ϶ԵһΧж
ۣۣ
˫ϼٷ˵ĲʷɫĿŸսԼߵԷķ֮һȻֵĿԸһҪȫ²ô׵顣
⵽Щʲôˣôδ˵ôģĽٷˣ
кеĶȴδֹͣÿһжܹһԼĻɼʹٷ˵ĿȻȳһɱ֮ߡ
ôǺηʥοܹڤݻϿɽμҵίѵҲҽٳ֣
ٷ˵ͷĿǼˣҸղʷѾ۲⼸˵ʵǿԼ
ǺǣȻ˽ٷˣѵҪηηβֻΪƣĹʲô˵ˣһǻʮأѵ㻹Ϊܹ뿪ҲǾȫڤӵιϺȥˣһٷ˵ͷĿЦ˿ûнԷ˵ıһ¡
ӳֵ֧ŲסˣԷ̫ˣһӰʷǰɫЩżĺ
棬˱ߴ߳ر֤λİȫʷΣ壬Ƶһְͷˡ
Ƕӳô죿ϴһ˿ż
ûʱôˣһЩˣؽεĻȥֻҪ˺Ӷ԰û֤ͨǲܵ԰ģңһڹ
һ仰ʷüС˭еķŭ
ӳ˵ڹǣɫһ׷ʵ
ȲҪЩ˵ߣʷδһӣȻתһһ·ɱļٷͷĿ
ãӳҪأ
˵仰֮ͻȻһ͵ĽеĵӺֱӴ̽ʷεļǰ̴
ۣ
һѽӶԷγ˴ƬѪҺ
ʷȫһЩ˼ĻתɱԼĶѣϵıЩš
ڹȻ㣡
Ѿû֮ǰ𾴱飬ʮĮĲԼϵѪΪԼһ˿
ʷЩԽܣΪʲôΪʲôҪң߽ʮꡭҿ㡭
ˣȷǶҲΣֳܹ;ҪˣҪѵǮƣЩܸҰɣӳҪңΪΪʳһֻҪܹҾͿԻҪһУ
˫Ŀ죬ЩشƺѾ뵽״̬
ѵ㲻֪ε˭ǿǻϿĸѵҪ
ΣֻҪ֪ѵԷܲ鵽ǵͷɣӳ֪˭Ҫ̶ӣ
ͻȻζƺҪʲôһ㣬촽΢պ˲ܹ˵һ仰ʷɫױþޱȡ
㡭˵ʲô˵ʷЩԼĶˣһ˼Ŵʵϵ˿ڶûϢ𺳡
ƺʮԷı飬Цŵ˵ͷûεǻϿĸ߻ģ㿴ԼԼĻһʮֻɣĺĻЩײڻҿ׵ģ
ʷ鵭ȻԺһĻĻ龰֣ͻȻԼ·ǵһʮ־޴УһжƼڣԼֻǱڻҡ
ٺ٣˰ɣȻˣȥɣһԸϹٷͷĿҲЦһͬʱʷη˽
Χҵľ治ͬǣսȦĳһУѪħ߶Ŷ϶֡
նĴϢţϵıЩ粻˫ԺȴѾκˡ
ôܣŶûһﾹȻɳô죡
ͷһԼһƬղŵһػԼĸ첲顣˾Ȼ˸൱
նϴ˽ֵʱԼδȫһԼǱ˱ɱ֮ģû뵽ȻǴһ¡
ûԷ룬ǰսɨսеѾʮֵĲң̶ӵ˼˴ȻԷٷҲʤ˶ࡣ
ˣ̾һû뵽Ӵһ̶ӾȻ̶˲䱻ɴ
С𣡡ſдһСκХһԾֱ䵽Сϡ
ȻֱѡӴܣնһ˿ŭ⣬ӣһȻֱӵһͷϣԦ߶Էǰ׷
˵ĶΧ˵ĹעʼдĽٷ߿£γ˰֮ơ
ס׼һ뿪


ʮ ᴩڤ
ɫĿǰԼΧסˣɫû뵽ԷȻҪ̶еȫɱ
ѵ㻹ΪܹŴ뿪𣿡
նһǰϴһ˿ϷʵЦݣҲԼһҪЩѣǽԼһˣԲܻ뿪
ûԷĻ·ɨһ̶ۣӵĻѾ˲ʳʣµļʵǿִҲΧסѲ
Ҫƴҡҡͷ˫סѪħɫ
ৣ
ӰڰնǰΧ
СеʵҪòȡΪӣҴʮֵľն߽𣬶Χļ˳˵
İɶӳôѵ˲ɣһٷЦһΪնĻЩˣϾЩ˵ʵ̫ˡ
С𣡡
˵ȻСͻȻһӣһɾ޴ɢٽٷ˺޷֮ԺˣСһֱӴȺķ϶д
׷ҪˣնŭһһŲڽµϣһ˻׷ȥ
ĹϳСĴϵڿռķ϶֮䴩Уüζ㱻ĹС
컭ꪣ
ͻȻһѾ޴ķ컭֣ꪳӱХоΣϢȫеë׼
С𣬿죡
һСͻȻ½޴ķ컭ꪼǲļ򴩹
飡
ո׼һʱͻȻһӰ֣һȭļԣ˵˳ȥ½
ѾȫڤӵϿգ·һ޼ڤӣֱӴȥض׵ڤС
Сڿ˻һȻ»֮ѸٵĻһתס½
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Сıϣоȫһ󼤵·Ҫֱӱ𵴶
оϴĻʹеѪһ˿⣬߶Ϸ͵ϮԼļһһĨŭ⡣
һСһﶼ㲻ǲúû𣿰ն͵𣿡
˳˵ǰնӸ£¸ߡ
ִ£һƻĺܣʵСնȴǰֹ˼ȥ
Ҫҽϻ̽
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նͷɫӦһ˿ĽǶȣһ˿ɱ⡣
̧ͷһ·𣬰նϱһɸŭ⣬еŭȫᵽϡ
ɱ
նһӣȻȳ˳ȥȥ
ɫһ˫һͻȻһãȵ˼еʱȴͻȻǰһΪߣٴηѣǻþһѸٷгΪʮĸ
ûиԷʱ䣬ѾХʮСһ䵽˶Էµϡ
ۣۣ
޲ֱ֮ӱķһȭԴԽĽѪɣսٴδ죬һȺͬͬսһ
߾ͻʹõСѵΪͿӴˣնһȻգʼۼԪܿһɢŴĿСҰС
һн㣡Ԫ鲨
޴ĹһڵһӰնлӳ㳯ȥ
ŭ
䣡
һιֱӴʩչĿ񵶼ȥ鼱֮£æʩչĹֻδƾֱӱײȥ
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ٴεɳȥСıϣƺˣڲħʹáʱǸżԪʦͬЩսḻĸֿ⡣
Ȼնʵͬ£ǶԷƺҲͬӵԼĴɱУһƺͳһ
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Ȼ֪ʮֵðգԴԺ뷨֮ͱû֮ȥԽԽҪһ
˫һУΧʮӰͻȻѸӹһĴǰʮΧ£һԲȦվλõѪħɫעΧһȺٷˡ
Ҫ޴նͻȻЦһľһ˿
ûΧ˵ɫ˫ֻеѪħűĶΧʮӰҲ˫֣ܿ죬һԪ⵶ʮС
˿˵ƼɫضԼİն
һƣǬ𣡿ŭ
һŭȣʮͻȻڷɶڸ߿գȻ˫ֺݺݻ£ʮȻճ֣һɢţܺХ¡


ʮ ִɽ
һŭȣʮͻȻӶ£ǻһţɢ
ʮѾͿΪΧ£ԭɰΧ֮ƽΧЩ׵˲ӭĿ񵶡
ۣۣۣ
һ·йϣжһֱӽг룬˵ЩӴѣֱӱ񵶷ֽһ⡣
նΪԸ׵壬ֻоһɻ֮Хնû˿ԥ̿ʼȫԪγɷ֣ǿȻХһֱӽնȥնǱһ롣
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һʧֻʣ壬ΧǾһѪȷ磬еѪɫѪһŻζڿУ·ѾƬˮȾѪɫڤӣϹŲѾɱ¾ԽԽƵ
ౣ
СͻȻһ岻ϵת˿̲ŷС·ǸնȻ֪ʲôʱһץסСצӣ˿ţСתУն˿̶ƴץסΨһһݣ֪ԼڵǵȥĻ±ɡ
ɫһ䣬ȻһԾ£ֱС壬䵽СצϣһӶеѪħŶİնȥ
ס֣ҪˣҪˣ
նɫһһ߶һ߿ںѾû֮ǰʢˡ
ɫ䣬ľûйˣͦļȥս
նʧץСһֻצӣһӥڿвӣ
ˣˣȥֻҪԺ㴦ã
û˿ԥѪħӳصڰնıϣ̴һǰնȻ֧û֣пʼƬѪҪ˵ʲôȴʲôҲûнֻǴڵѪ
֪һﲻˣĿ˶Էһְۣɣֻܸһ˽ģ
˵Է𾪵ı飬ٴһԷȥ
նʹĻᶼûУֻüһƵĺȻ䵽·ڤУһƬˮѸٵʧ
һԾȻСıϣһ·ӿĺˮɫƽ
ܱǸҺ̶ֵһ̣ע˽Ľ֣
תһƬԮɫƽСߣ
Сķһӥ䣬ȻӴһӰӣʧԶ
ϴǰݽˣڼǰߵĻ»ܵӵĹ
ٷ˵ļͷĿһۣһ˿ա
İɣһҲһܸӵĹʱ򶼲ǳˣһٷ˵ͷĿЦֵǣߣ

ϿǻϿϾһϿȣΪݺڤݽеļŦش֮һҪڤӽ뻢ϿҪϿ
ڵĺˮͻȻɵԨԾ֮ϵԴ޴ٲХ£Ȼ·Ƭİƣ˼ɾ
ϿһԵƽ̨ϣһɽ£ͨ˴ٲ߶뵽һƽ̨Ȼʽڤݡ
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ȫմվãһ㣡ĥĥĻ벻뻢Ͽˣ
ڴһȫװĶǰȺˡ
ӳǮվǰϵı鲻ϲɨǰȺˣͳĺ
˺ԭҺڿʼƶ뷽ۼȻγһббĶ顣
ৣ
ˣ뻢Ͽͱ밴ջϿĹ뻢Ͽÿɽʯһöûе˿Լ۵һٿʯܹ֮뿪ǽ뻢ϿĵһվǻϿĲɽסٳսǻʱ򽫻ܵĳͷˣڿʼǷѰɣ
Ŷӳ£Ȼһǰɹʯ֮ȻֱӴĳŽ뵽ϿĲɽڡ
һӥ䴫Ȼ鲻Խ̧ͷۿһɫӰ£ɵĹ㳡ϣһϮӰǰ
Ȼڰڽٷ˵Χ֮𾭹һΰ䵽½ϡ
ιСӣմźöӣһٽʯȻſԽǣǮٴκЩ棬˾ȻӵԼʲô͵ħޡ
ûԷеĲδںŶӣֱӻǰ˳ǰ
䣡
Ǯһȭ˾Ȼչ£̰γ˳˾衣
ŶӣȻչؽһٽʯǷѡǮԼȻЩֱ̫ӶԷ۾鲻ԽٴοڣȻ֤ͨҲǣ
ո˵仰Ǯ͸еЩЦһʲô֤ͨǻδЦͱǰͳһ𾪵Ŵ͡



ʮ 
亹еƣǮȫһЩԼˣʹ۾ȷԼûпȻ͵͵ĿһΧĻľ֮ɫʱǮڿȷԷеƵȷǴݡ
ˣ
ǮͻȻһĻҲŹȭݿɲЩ˿Եġ
Ƿˣ˵
ɡԣȻԣǮæĻصȻ̧ͷòʼûǸ
𻺻ջƣȻûˣǰһ̧ͷˣ߽˳š
ֱʧڳУ˲Ż̧ͷһۣӶԷпһ˿˼顣
ǮעŸոʧĵطһڽԼе𺳺ɻ󣬡Ȼġ
Ȼǲ֪ԼոóƶЩ˺𺳣˿Ѿ˲ɽĳţЩ²ɣĳŴϣɨΧľɫ

ڽʱԶͷͻȻһŭȣһȺֱײĳ˹ǰһȫ˺۵ˣ
ԷѾ֮ĩˣʮֵѡƺʱˤĿܣ
һ·ҡҡλεĴܹȺŵĻͷһ۱׷ٹһȺϵıȴδš
ԷͻȻһ˵ǰԷ̧ͷÿ˫ӣͬʱһ㶣
û뵽Ӵܵ˾ȻǺ̶ӵĻ᳤ʷΣǸ緢һ֮˴˿̾Ȼˡ
ԷҲϳĴڣԷƺûϵĴ㣬ֱһƿ𣬼ĵĳǰȥ
ͷһ˫մѪһ˿أԶԷǲʱʱΣա
ܿһȺȫװĻǰȥŸոʷߵĵط׷ȥ
ô£ɻɨһΧϵˣȻûע⣬ͻȻһתʧ˽ֵڡ
һƫƧĽֵУʷڱΧ׷½صһ֮У岻ϺˣضԼƶĻ
ʷΣеĶһһ࣬һ̹
ӳƺʶʷΣϵıĮûһ˿С
벻˾Ȼĺǽһ̶ӻڷԶѣΪҪնɱ
ʷŭϵıЩԭΪһ̶ڽӵһĴֵʷαһƱϴֲˣȥԼϲ
ЩɶǺԼֵͬܰһ꣬δһһֻҪܹ쵽˳ͣôǾͷؼ磬һһӣȢһƯţԼҸСӡ
һУǰʷĿЩ쵰һлȫݻˡ
Ļӳƺʷʶ¶һ˿ЦҲǾ˵ôûأȻǱǹȻɱȻ˲ǻˣȻȷǷ֪ʲôΪȷһǺ̶ӵֻܹȫ˲Żᱣܣ
˵һ֣£
Ļ̳ǰǶԷû˵ĻԼЩ˸Ķϡ
ۣۣۣ
ͻȻڹȻ߹ȥſſĵȥδʷʲô飬ٴδһ̵ŵæתȴķԼʮȫ̱ڵϣؿһϸѪڻڲðѪҺ
˭˭ɵģ
ЩŵһͳеȻĳɨӹȥȫûУĳһ̣ͻȻһͣϿʼ亹ʶٴתűȥ
Ȼ֪ʲôʱȻһӰ˵Ľ뼸ʶҪȴܿƵĲжһ֣еļ̷ش͸˶Էؿڣһ˼Ŀɣȴһ仰Ҳûнĵȥ
еûнһץڵϵʷΣû˵һԾһԵķܡ
ȥطʷЩС̶ڡϿһŵ㣡ƽʱû֪
ͷȻڷݶһӣնԷָĳһȥ
ֱӴӷԾԺУԺھȻһλߣЩĸ붯֣ȴʷס˸첲
Լˣˮʹ̶ӵˣ
᳤ˣˮЩľܹһĨǡ
ˮһ䷿䣬ҵʱ䲻ˣЩҪλֵܽ
һ㶣׶ԷҪԼʲôֻ꣬ԼҲΪ̶нһµʱ䣬ʷΪ˻
߲ǰСܴ·ǲʷθں档
ˮһ䷿󣬱ʮ֪Ȥ˳ȥ潫Ÿϡ
ʷοڴϴڵĴѾѪҺʪˣЦһȻŻһ
֪ʷ᳤к£ջȿʵ
ʷɨһƺԥʲô飬ƺĳһģȻŻڣһ仰͡
ֵ֡ܣȫһ壡


ʮһ ޶Ƹ
ЩǰˣʱпȥˣԷղŵһ仰ɻסˡ
ʷ᳤仰ʲô˼ʵ
ʷεǻҵţ˵ĴϢѾʮѣɫһֲ̬ĲҰɫƮƮ̧ͷĳһڿڼȥ
ҡ̻νܵʵǸܣεǴһĲڤݣϿɽμңһӴĲƲܽгڽʯһʼҲɹΪһӴĲƲҪһ̶Ѻֱͣ͸ѺͣЩˣ
ûдǻ˼һЩ飬ʷκܿ͸ɻ
ȲƲǲɽݵһͬȡģҲ˵λֻһ壬ѹ˼ҵвƲԣչ涨ʲƲ˹Ϸ֣λǲĿϵλϵ˲ֻܹ͵͵͵Ʋͳȥԣ̻ǵѡ񣡡
ڼ˵⣬ɽ̰޶ȣԷƽʲƲҪһ˽̣ٴһȫ֮ߣԼµһװɽٷ˵ģǵڤӱߵʱֱӽɱ̶ӣеľ޶ƲȻڣ֪һλⲻԵʱе֤ѾȫڤС
üͷһ壬˼ǲɽԵԼԼĲƲȫԺ̶ãȻ˫һϷ
ʷϿЦЩӸλĴ˵ǵݽ棬磬ֻҪĽ۶ôѪȣȫȥĵģң㲻ֻŸܹаѳȥ𣿡
ֻǲɽǧ㣬һжڣҲһεжʮþȣδ뵽˱ʣȻһ֪ıƣ
Ǻ̶Ѿȫûˣ᳤֪ЩʲôЩɻʵԼֻǺͺ̻ѣϵ̻Ա
ȿȡ
ʷٴοȳһѪȻżѵĿڣֵܣ֪ϾҪˣҺܲģҵֵȫΪһıԣһʽףһ֮ԻʧܣҪԭǵڹǲһĳǲȫû
ɱڹɫص˵
ûϣԺһʽףģһʧģһεһڽʯΪ˰ȫҷֳ˼ЯеڷֵУѾȫ֣ƾôҲû뵽ȻڽʯᱻҴϣ
ʷЦӿֳһĨ̬ĺΣΡΡִʳָժһźɫĽָݵǰ
ſռָѾȥӡǣֻҪܹѪڽʯĽָ͹ˣΨһҪǿɱڹǸһҵĵ֣к壡
ֽӹźɫĽָϷЩӵĻƣܹоŽָҪԼϵĿռָϲֹһΡ
ƾʲôңѵͲֱ˽ǮȻ󲻰£
ͻȻʵ˼ѾԣʷεԶ׼Ѿã˽ǮɱҲֻ֪Ƚˣ
ʷƺ˿е֣һϢȻſڼԼĸо־ҿʼҾһ񣡶Ҿ㲻ȥҲԹ㣡ֵܹǴһǮ͸̻йһԨԴֵҲԹ޻ڣ
ͷָĦڵĿռָڽһᾡǲұ֤һ񣡱ϾڻԶԿһ
ʷεͷ˵ϢѾʮֵ΢ƺǷһ׮£ʼûɢ
һǡͶл
ûн꣬ʷεԴͻȻһᣬ۾
ĿһѾԶ۾޶ȥĺ᳤̻ϵıƽûвת߳˷䡣
򿪷ţˮһ࣬ƺѾԤеʲôϵı˱ʹλūȴûбֳκαʹжֻǹһ࣬ƺڵȴ˵ٴλ
һˮڣúõĽɣԸһʵֵģ
˵һ֣ϳһѽʯȻûлͷһʧԭ
ˮͻȻڵأĶһݴ


ʮ ն
һε𻺻۾Դ֮ȻʼʱһЩ˼·
ҪҪĿǽжҲҪԼʵҪ뾭ԼĿǰڵĲɽĵ̣Ŀǰ𻹽ʷείУҪɱһ̻ͽ
ȻʷȫԲԼлһߣԣܼķΧڣҪһ¡ȻǰǲԼ㹻Ķ֡
벻ôԼһӾͳ˴󸻺
ЩεĴժ¿ռָһ˿̽УöռָڲΧҪԼ֮ǰĿռָʮֹ֮ǰԼĲ²ȷģöָҲһ
ոս֮ʱʮʯ˵ʮݳ޵ĶǶ̶һʱ䣬ȻֱӴһбڵ򸻺ڵĽʯĸʲҪһЩСʲҪࡣ
ڿռָиһɽһĽʯĿԺͻȻһ˿
֮ǰԼڶնʱͻ룬ӰͿŭһʢľ޴ͻ֮ǳ𺳵Ļ棬ԺУ
ҲԼһŹԱһ֣
ͻȻüͷ˼ԺȫԼʩչһеΡ
һţ޵аĻ״̬Ӱ䡭ŭն
͵۾һƺ뵽ʲôһ૵ննһʽŷɥĻãͽˣ
ȻԴʽôԺͲٸıˣˣԼʽֶһϡ
̧ͷһѾڵҹɫ𻺲ǰѪħ嵽ͻȻһӣԴ̨ȥʧӰ٣
ʱ䣬ɽٴαϵ˽ɽ˾ɽĿֻһǾͨɽ׬Ȼֱӽ
Ϊάֻҵľ棬ɽ˴ĸϵڽֵѲߣֻҪڸڴҵץѺΣصֱӵɱ
һԼΧĻϵݶȥʱһЩ·˺ƤֱӴܹȥֵǶԷûз
ɽĸۡʮױϣλõûʵǶǲɽڵء
ҹɫһ粻ϵݶֵӣȻӸ߿һת䵽ϣܽһԵĺڰС
վںڰ̧ͷɨΧƻͨĽλøպÿԿǰĸۡţ޵ĺţֻӴʨԣ͹ԳһƬ¹̬֮
ſԷȫ̧ͷͦأһɱһ۾ܹϹսġ
δǱȥǰվԭأڵȻᣬһһʧĻᡣ
ܿ죬ˣһӴŴ߳Ȼ˫ƺʼӣһ˲ĻңżһȵٵϷһȺ˵ͷϷӹżèһڷѵˮȻ˲ʧԭأӯ븮ۡԺڡ
һԺڣؽڰУȹ۲һܵΣȻץһԱŮϵС
Ҳɱˣֻһ⣡˵ǲһ˽˸ڽٷ˴磡Ŀ
ŮɫţЩֻŵգգ۾ȻŻɿ֣ŮֵĴڴЩֻŵĿȻЩȶԷᣬȻЩ־˵СһȺˣ͡סڶ涫᷿
ͷȻ˵ίһˣ
˵겻ԷӦһƿ䲱ϽΣȻתŶĶ᷿Ǳȥ
ۡ䱸ʮɭϣÿһʱһѲ߾ۡͭǽڣܲ͸硣
СƿҵŮеĶ᷿ķһࡣ
ȫݶ𽫾ɢѸٵİԺӡ
ܿÿһ䷿ڵȫԺɼ
һᣬܿҵһǺ棬ΪԷվڷнŵ߶
棡츮ŭҲˣǵ˵ʧˣڵĽʯǽ׷ڣȫ䣬к̻Ļ᳤Ŀǰ䲻Ǹû뵽ʬ壡
ֻʱ䣬֮ڲܽǮ׷أʱеִ߶Ȼ֮ǰһȳζһԵһ꿿ϣɫ࣬óŭʮִ
ɫһæ͵ˣЩĺûκεĹϵеĲƲȫǻ᳤ʷ԰ŵģڽʯܱϣֻҪܹҵʷξһ׷ǱǮ
㻹ϽԷпӵȥԷɫĺĳͽû˿ĺøС
ŵڷ߶˫ǲϵزϵ亹
ˣͻȻ۾һƺʲôתϲ˵ˣˣ̻ڲɽһܾݵ㣬ֻȺļ֪ص㣡
飡
ϵ͵Ȼæصģ
ڡ
ۣ
δȺ潲ڣһذͻȻ͸ԴѪĽվǰλȫѪˮԽûзӦ׷ʲô顣


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˵ģ޳˫ȣϸ֫ƽС˵ıаװĸ첲ˮ۾ʪҳԼǿֻŵ顣
ȫûдκε·ˮ˳廬䣬ŮӾʧĵڵأ˫ǲ֪룬촽ҧƺҪˤ˵ʹ
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˫սѪħԺе类ĳһ㣬˲ٵţܿľͱɴ˲䣬ԭԺлӯ⡣
еȫ㼯Լ˫УȻСĲٿſѪħ֮ϣԺпʼ뾫Ĺ衣
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µҩĸоʼϥˣʱ뵽˰С
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һ仯Ԫ۵ı֣ΧԪƺڱѸٵǣȻ۵ڵķС
һ仯ɫһϲӿһĨϲȻ֪ʲôֻԼ׵ʱŻԪصı仯
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֪δչǿʼȫļܣ׼ӭһֵĽס
ĳһ̣Ԫһ󶯵ȻڷеԪͻȻһӿܵĳǣһѸٵĳԴȥ
Դһ޴©̰ΧԪأյԽܹ֤Լ˴ν־ڱصãʵػøӵʵ
ȵԪȫſʼһַʼȫԪ蹬еԪٴ𽥱仯ԭȭͷСʱٴ˲١εĽջС
ٴξСʱḶ́Ż۾³һĨɫ壬Ȼ˵ӿֳһĨɫѾϵ˾⡣
һսȭǹɳӯ鲻Խ¶һ˿΢Ц
ڽ˰


ʮ Ǳɽ
⼸ɽȫ뵽һĪĿֻУ˶ܹодֽŵķΧ
Ѳ߼ĻһʼΪΪ⼸ҪͨɽȻżǿѲ߼飬ԽǷָǻ顣
ĻͻȻӣҳŵļҲԽԽϸ񣬺ܿ죬ɽȫ֪ʼĩ
һ˳ɽۡǵɱһȻ˳˵Χ׷½سɹӴܣȻһεϢ˴
˵λҹۡ˷ǵɹ˸ۡڶ໤Χ׷½أ븮֣ҴӶԷȫˡ
Ȼһ˲ԸϢʵԣǿʵɲ⣬һ˾ʵǿҲǸĶ֣ô븮֡
Ǹ˷ԸϢģǿ˾춯صǲ˼ģÿһ֮һսģˣΪ·˾˵Ը
ɽ뼤ϴεĴ¼ʱһӶУһҪԶе̶ڽбꡣ
̻һӵнʷ̻ᣬһֱΣգͳɹԽʱҵڸĿá
λֵܣиˣ̶ϾҪǰһɽ̻ҹʿֻҪʵԪʦ֮ϾͿԼǵ̻ᣬģǸĶļ۸񣡡
һվһ̨ϴĳ·ΧΧȺ
ɽȻҪȥɽӲɽɽڼҪ˵е֮
·һ˴Ŀĵغɫ̱ѿÿһеһ޴جΣ˶ط֮ɫ䡣
εֱ̫ΣˣǾĻܻܲŻǸ⣡
˵ϴһ˿ǣϾԸ̻ǰԼбϡ
ƺϵǰȺ˻ı֣ϵɫ䣬Ǽ·ߺȡ
λֵܣ󣬿ǽ;ǴȥΣϵȻ̫󣡶ңֻҪܹ̻Բ񣬳ʮֵķʢʮʯΣ
һ·ʱεĳ;Ȼʮʯ˲˵˼ʼĻϾʮҶЩӶԷѾһʮ־޴ĳͣԹһĻ
Ҫ룡
ͻȻ˴Ȼ̵ȼ˵ļ飬˶ʼȿֺĴ󺰴УһûԼ
ҲҪһιʮֻҪҪ󶼿Լ룡źöӣȻմǰǵļ飡
·ӵȺΪң˲ò
˵һһǫ̃˿ϷѾվһĺӣԷŰӣ˫ֱŸ첲ע·ˡ
ָ̨ϵĺЦ̻ۣ۵ʵǰ˼ԪʦֻҪܹ۵мֶʮжܾͿԼ̻ᣡ
һԷȻǰ˼Ԫʦ˶ʱйˣһԷĿͷǶʮԼܹܲǸ⡣
ৣ
ԥʱһһ˵һзˣ̨پͿ򣬲óԷʵ˽ֶʮжǲ¡
ã
˫ֿȻһȭǽԷͨ˼̶ӵĶС
ԷȻ׵ľͨѡΣ·ٴһ˿Ե뷨˿ʼȿֺĳ̨Ϸȥ
̶̰ʱѾʮͨѡΣȻҲһ˴ͷɥЩ±̭ѡߡ
ʣһ֪˭Ը룿Цʵ
ৣ
ڶԷĻոʱͬʱӰ̨ϣҲͬʱһ㶣˴˴ŶԷ
һɫݣϻһ̺۵ˣһĸߴĺӡ
Сӣ㻹Զ˳ɣݹʺ㣬ϸƤģ治֪ʱ㱣̶ӻ̶ӱ㣡ܺӵĻ·һȺ˵ĺЦϾļһʵ̫һ㡣
ݹҪˣ˭Ҳ赲ʹ㣡ûʸ񣡡
˵ûнԷС
ʱʵǿ⣬Ҫȭͷ
ܺɫһ䣬͵һӳŶԷȥҪ֪ߵغļһһѵ
ȭͷȻһȭӳԼһȭֱӽֵĸҹҳ
ΪСҪùʱһĻˣ΢ɲһ࣬ǡö˶ԷӶȭͷȻһڶԷĶϡ
ܺӾ޴һǽһ̨Ϸ˳ȥˤ·ȺУҲû
̺û˵𾪣תһ˳˵
ڿԿ˰ɣ
Եȣ
һԵæֹЦ˵λֵܸղŵıѾԼ̻ᣬԲҪˣ
̺ӵͷȻתҪ뿪
֪λֵմͻȻʵ
̺һͣȻͷҲδصĳ˵𣡡


ʮ ˵е
һŲĴֲһֲĵһֱü쵽ǣͷһɫĲԵض˲ҽӽ
ɹǱɽĴ磬Ȼɽɳ˴ذѲ飬ȻƾһĴ̶лݳɹ뿪˲ɽ
˽һܵĸ·Ѿ뿪ԭȵĲɽأĿǰѾɹ̤ԭΪǵش̵ĵط̤Ƭŷ鲢
ͬľסֻȷʵҪĸ࣬ңƺɱ¾һ·ϴҾԿֵĶ֣·ĵصʴȣˣذȫͨͨеֻɱ¾Ѫĵطֻȭͷ
ң𻹷ΧɫҴҵ˸·˻лһ˵·ȫǳһȥָ
ãֹͣǰԭϢ
ͻȻ̶дһߺȣȻ̶ֹͣƬݵϣ˿ʼԭ
һ³óˮ˼ˮʱо٣̶ɨ
ʱһֵǾ̶ӴԼʮԼнˣзֳμһ̶ԼĻԼʮˣһ˼Լߣóÿһ˵ʵжһϸľ͡
ʮεΧļϣǵƺֻб⼸ϵĶİȫ
һ̶ټĹӶЩ˼ɢΪ˭Ҳ˭ÿһ˶ԼԸ£Ҫ̶ӹܼҵԼȺڧ˺üˡ
Ӷֱֳ֣λڶλڶĩβλã˿£ɨʮ⼸һ֮⣬ȻļȻȫװһĲƥ
ƥõ˶ϷأȻΣȴδ˵ȥĿ̶ӽأʱԼֱ뿪ȻǰξͲԼĵˡ
еɻĻһ㣬Ǿ̶λõϲ̶ӵĺġȻΧʮĻɢڸʮΧϸĵȻԷ֣ȺĹעмλõ·ʮҪĶ
ֻܹһ޵Ϣ̽飬ܻһ赲ԼƺʲôԼ赲⡣
ѵϵ˲̶ӻ͵ĺģԺͻȻðһֵ뷨
̶ͬӹӶһһ·ϺΣѾȺ֮ǰĿ־˲٣Ҿ֮Ҳڽ͡ʱ̶ӵĺĻʹϢҲΧΧ˾ҪҲܿ
ȻһĲֹԼ̶ҲзģղСһ¡
ιǿ֪Щװʲô
ҿ˽ıһһĽʯ
Ǿ֪ؽʯĻֱÿռָǸʡҲҡѵװǱȽʯҪҪĶ
˭֪أǽʯõڤʯ
۷׷׵ʱͻȻӰֻξ޴ķӥͣǰУЩĴ·̶ӡ
Ȼڸ·ʱȺҲͬڴŶԷֶԷˣһŮ䶼̫󣬶ʮ⾰ֻĸ˶ȽעĿһһͦһѺɫֽȣһֻⷽǴһĨ͵Ц⣬κһ˿Էһ׽֮С
߻վˣһͷħԳһ㣬߳˼Դб޸Ӵռ˶Է͡⣬˭һ࣬ƺֻҪ˸̾ͻԷϿϼ
ͷԻһСˣԭСټվڴͷԵθ˿̶ԷоȻһ֧ëʣһ֧ëʲָطʮֵ졣
ΨһһŮһװ磬ںڳ÷Ժ·ɨȻٴתƵλõİϣƺʮֵ
ǺǣĽ״磬벻ﾹȻܹһ̶ֻӣӹģС
еĴͷ˵ȻСȻһڿл졣
Ľ״磬ҪҪҳ֣ȻһСư
ͷЦ˵˫ֽһ𲻶ϵĻţؽž졣һֱ·̶еһͷǸ۵ĸ׳ӣʵ˵ʮֽӽһ͵ѡ֣Ҳѹִͷĸо
ҪçײĽ״⣡һԵЦ˵еߵȷλõİˡ
ɨ·ȻһĨЦݣ·ԼҺ԰һͥŲ
λ;̶ӣ뼸λԣұ˴˻ʶ߸·Σ̶ӵĹܼңҲ֮ǰǸվ˵ͬʱΧ̶ӵĻҲʱֵ׼
ǼҪҪȥ̶ӽһڽʯȻ뿪Ҿ͵δΣ


ʮ е
ȻЦ⣬ǽĻȴȻҪЮĻͷ·֮һ⡣
ԷĻΧĻһȫɫƵĵϷֻҪܼһ£ǾͻԥĳȥԷƴ
ʲô˼ѵΪƾĸ˾Ҫӵн˵̶𣿡ԷĻ˵ɫҲѿȻԽΪȴ۸
ģĸŵСӣĿˣǲСЩ˵𣿡
ӶͻȻһֽУг˲м
ٺ٣˼˵ǿأҪȫһ˾ܹȫЩˣһһЦ˵ȻΧһЦԣЩӶûне˷С
еĴͷ·ĻɫͻȻһ飬ǰһ͵ײ·ĵϣԷµʱ˼
˫ڵϲȳһ޴ĽӡɫĵǰһȺˡ
ʵҪĽ׸˶֣һ˾͹ˣ
Ҫçײ
һŭȣе˴ӷӥصϣȻЦݣƺȫԸղĻΪ
뽻һڽʯҲǲԣȻǰǴӦһССĻ
ܼƺĸЩ̫ǣƺҲ£ǳ뽲
ҵܼ򵥣Ǿǡ
ϵЦݸ˴ΪʱͻȻһ֣еֽɳδ˷ӦֽѾ˵ȺС
ŮҰɣ
ŰĻ£Ȼеֽһ˲б£Ŀ·λõ
ĻһȻǰҪ赲δ뵽ֽǷһڿкХת˸ֽȵӰӣֻоĵ˲Ȼ˱㶨ԭһ
ۣ
ĵѪͻȻĸĲɵѪҺȪһ㱼ӿſſĵȥ
٣ҳɣСŮ
ͻȻһȻָ΢еֽǲתĳһǰ㻯һŰɫĹС
鷢ʵ̫ͻȻΧ˾ҪȶѾûʱ䣬ֻܹĿֽС
䣡
ͻȻһըȻϵķľм˿ĩĽ׵ıըˣһȫըڿеΡ
ֻһٻӰվϵһľϣɫ壬ü壬߽ǰİˡ
ɫˣ㷢󣬴˿̶Էһ˫סǰİɫֽȣüһĨŭ
С㡭
ܼͻȻŮǰȻڶԷǰɫĶǰˣ̶ӵĻѾؽ˰Χλá
Щ̶ӵĹӶͿɵˣû뵽оȻװĲʲôƱһλɫŮһʱЩӶȻȫԭء
Ҳһ˿ȣȻԼ֪ˣû뵽ԷȻһλ˾ɫŮòӦñԼϲ٣ǼʹԷȻĶǣ̲ס࿴ϼۡ
Ҳ¶һ˿ޣϵЦݸСЦԼһûаȻջ񣡡
С㣡
ܼһΧĻǰ㽫ΧλãһԵĹӶҲӦȫ˹˰ΧȻղŰֳԼʵ˶ƺ¶Է
λʲô˼Ϊ̻۸ŮɫȿڣʹʱȻԲӨĵһ
ǺǣֻǸе֣һ̶ӣ̶͵ĻﾹȻȫǲƥȴ˶Ļѵһвֵ˻ҺһСɣŷ̶оȻΪ˾ɫŮȻҪźˣ
ЦǺǵĽĽף֪ɷСѣ
ԵǱ˴˶һۣ¶һ֮Ŷı飬ΨһŮվ߽ضԼǰİ꣬һ˿ˣһš
С㣬ǣֱӽĸնɱڴˣܼɫ˵Լڶ˾ȻöԷС¶˳ܼʮֵķŭ
ܼҵĻո£ͻȻʼĲ˶Եظо˵ĲϵһЩСʯӶڲϵ
𶯴ңԶĵƽߴȻԶٶչʮѸ٣ת˲ֹ
˶һɻȫתͶԶƽߣһɫĳ𽥳ڵƽϡ
ųԽԽԭԽԣܿĶ￪ʼȺƴӲԭӹȫΧȺ
ɻ󲻽ʱԶĳѾԶҰɼķΧڡƣһͷǰǴƬĶȺӴܣһЩʶĸ߽ħޣ˿ҲƴӴܣ·ʲôǸе־Ķ
ȫ˴˶һۣһĨĵǣĽ׽üͷƺЩףĳһ̣ͫȻһȻץסǰŮԥתӣͬʱԵ˴
ģȻ޳Ͻӣ


ʮһ 
Ľ׺֮ȫĿɿڴı飬ǰŮתܣҲǰ̶ӣƴȫӴܣ·ֻҪ΢һͻᱻĶɵһ㡣
ûߣ˻׵׷ʲô̶ӵܼʲôɫ˲ûް̶Ӵ
󳱣Ͻ
ܼҵŭڷԷ˵ʲô˵̸һĨĳ·ǿٽ
һ˲䣬ȫˣ˿˼ƴӴܣʹʮֵƴĳǰܡ
󳱣˼ɵĳˮֻЩͬͨʦһһħɵԼκζȺԶܼΪѸͣˣÿһ󳱵Ľٶĩ٣Ϳ̿ݲֻ֮ʣ»Įκ嶼ڣ֮
ŵϵ𶯿ɢȥڿڳеʵ󣬺ѹѹһƬȫһ߼ʣľǳˮһǰӿЩǲΪĿ̫࣬ͷ·ǳˮһһһеһԲֻ֮ʣ»ɳ裬ϵҰݶʧĸɸɾ
䣡
һЩܵҰޱ׷ϣһͷ״ҰţȻ̶̲ʱɭɭ׹ǣ־쳣Ŀֲ
˵Ѫħתӣ󳱣ʹǿ߿¶Ѳ⡣
ιҪˣϽæ취
Ժһһвʱ̣һﾹȻװûˡ
Ҳݣ磬ǵҲԸ԰ɣ
һ߷ɱһߴŭȵԺжĲһô̼ԷǴⲻҪǰһС
ûһУԳһڵһӣܿͳԽ˴ƬˣԱܼŶеĽɫŮ
ԷͬҲٶȣͬһĨǴ˿̸һеʱҪ

Щʵ͵Ļ͹Ӷ˲ͱΧϽ˳УܿʹһĺȻҲû˻졣
󳱵ٶʮѸ٣ǰ˵γһ޴Բ򣬶ԲĲϹ󳱵ǰٶȿ˵Ʋɵ
һƽսͬһѪɱ¾ٶȼ飬˲׷Щֵ̻ܲȫΪٶԭɵȻٴγֵʱϽʣһѰ׹ǡ
Ͼ˼ˣֻԹԵƴӴܣȥȱˣпһԼҲȥ
󳱺ܿ죬̶Ӽȫûԭ˵Ļʮ̶̵Ĳ㼸ӵʱ䣬ֻʣɭɭ׹ǡ̶ܹ˲ʮˡ
ܼɫȻЩΪȥĻʹڱҪС㰲ȫĴȥ
֨֨֨֨
ǰʶĻͷһֻ󳱲֪ѾԼĽ¶ʼ󣬹ǿֲĳ˾ͳе
ܼҴ˿ɫЩѿѾ˶ദ˿ڣϵϣһڶԷϺԥҧ
ΪվС㣬ҪʱСİȫ˶̶˲ԼѾ߱ҧѪܣûһƤ
С㣬ϽҪң˿һȻ³˴ڵѪҺ˫ͬʱӶǰ󳱷ըƬըĴҷɡ
Ĺ޼£ԳһСĻڣɱǧֻ󣬵Ǻ֣֮ܿȻռԭȵλãЩҲ˲ͱͬ߱ҧԹ⡣
ҲһӰɣҪŮ˵Ȼȴûеľʧ룬ò˵Ůӵʮǿ
С㣬˵ҲˣܲȥˣұҪ㰲ȫͳȥôɾȫûˣǿϵʹȵ˫ֲϹһ˼赲סǰľ󳱵Ĺ
С𣡡
ͻȻһźȻԶгһӰһԾصһ˲䣬ȷʵоԼ
С㣬ߣǰǸһܣһ԰ȫȥģ
ͻȻתһȭŮϣһͷһ˲䣬Ѿ󳹵׵ˣֻʣϻһ˿϶
ֵܣҴСųȥ
Ż£ܼ˳׵ı󸲸ǣ˺һţ˼ǧֻ
䣡
ͻȻվλ÷һ޴ȻѪҺʬɣܼĹͷȻѡԱ塣
վСıϿ·һУ·ϻӴܵŮӣѾղܼǰԼĺ𲻽̾һ
վСıϣ˫ֻƽ٣ֵֻͻȻԳһһԲΧĿʱʼ仯
һ£˲ڻӴܵŮ˫ֳʼϷ仯
ɣ󣡾㳢˿ζɣ


ʮ 
Ҳ֪ԼΪҪٴǿ·ǵص󳱺ǰӴܵŮӣڼǰĵһ
󳱼ǰŮʱһԾ£صУ˫쿪һһ򷢳ҫ۵Ĺʡ
еĹƺ΢ı仯ֻеɫȻһɺ˲糱ˮһɢת˲Χ׵ľѾ׵֡

ԭǰͻȻ֣Ȼγ˱ԭء
̽һ˲䣬Ȼǳˮ㳯ѸɢȻԲ׵ľ룬еȫסγ˱Ȼ󷢳һ󿦿죬ڵϡ
εʵ̫࣬󼸺һ߼ʣԭȫǺѹѹһƬһʹĸ׵ĵطһյشŮЩֵĵڵϣȻЩҧȫצƣԭء
˴һյشΧǿ߼ʵ󣬵Ҳһ˲飬ܿھݵĿֻ֮󣬴ʼӿԽǰʬ峯ӿ̬Ļ˿¼˲ܹеͷʣ
ߴ߱ҧ͹ͷԼӿ󳱣üͷͻȻ֣лɫͻȻһҫ۵ĹâȻһγһɫĹ֣ǰŮӶڡ
ֻнʮ״СһɫĤ˸ΧȻһĻٴη
ǵصѸͶǸոսӴ˵Ĺ̡ۡһȼ棬ųΪһ̽ɫĻҽڵϡ
ۣۡۡ
ȼյﲻǽӴֵȫ̱ͨ죬űڲһ۵ıըһѻҽ䵽ϡ
󳱻ڼϵ˵ȻѸٱΪҽ䵽ϣǺȻηӿǰĺ󳾡
ŮЩǰһУɨһۣȻתƵһԵĹϣ󳱵ɱʽڼ̶˲䣬ΧĵѾһĻҽⶼǱȼճɻҵʬ壬һЩĿ˲
󳱻ڼһĨأŮһ뿪
ŮӿһƺԥʲôǿΧ֮ջһҧѡ
ߵǰŮǸ뿪Ŀʵ̫࣬ɱ⣬ȥԪݽߵģ
˵մһĿڣͻȻһץסŮӣȻһԾ𣬶ʱ뿪ܼ󳱣ָո뿪棬ĵطͱֱӸʧ
һֱСͻȻ֣ȻˣԶ·ܼ󳱡
һ䵽Сıϲصһͷ·󳱣һĨļ£¸ӣȫǺѹѹһƬһ߼ʣ֮ǰĵطѾռݣҲѰټĳʵ
ŮſСıϣͷ·󳱣ϵı粻ĳһͻȻˮ˵·̶ӵĳԱ˵ĳԱĿǰ֪û˻ܼȥľŮӵϲ¶һ˿ʹࡣ
̾һڰ˳ɣһ⣬˭Ҳû뵽Ȼ飡
˭ŮͻȻڽⲻ⣡ǰףҲǱ˳ǽǰĿ񻶣Ҳ˽һż
һ㶣Щ׵żѵÿνǰᾭ𣿡
ֻϹ˵֪ŮӾȻĵ˵ͷûֵǰףÿһζˣֻҪ󳱾ζڲ֮
ԽԽͿ˼ϣ
ŮֵĿһƺ֪Щ̫⡣
Щ˼Ľ͵Ǵ½ģԹһЩ֪ʶǺ˽⣡
Ůż͵һֱڴ½ϣصһȻ֪û֪ںδԣֻܹȴÿεǾζŲ֮˼䣡εѾ֣ǾζϾҪˣ
Űɣļ֮ڣһµȳԴ½صǿ߻ڴˣͬȴ֣Ȼ׼ʰȡԼĻ
ͻȻڽ֮ǰǲ̶ӰɣĿӦɣ


ʮ 
ĲԭԶԶ߹ӰȵǸŮӣڻĮУ֮ɫ
һʱ䣬󳱲ŻȥԭһƬ̵Ĳԭ˿ҲһƬĮɳʯ֮ûκε塣
ŵ洦ɼĹͷЩ֮ǰпܻʻǽǹһʱ䣬ֻʣһѹʱԵΪ
ȫûˣ
˵𺳻ϧ֮ɫ
֮ûᣬֵǮĶΪֻȭͷɱ¾ȵŮ˵£ȴ쳣ļᶨ
ᣬҲȵŮӣ꣬ԼͣĳһŮһ͵ܳΪһҪѰһԼĻ
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˭Ҳδ뵽Ȼ˿ֲ󳱣̶ȫû
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ЩɻʵѾ˽һʱ䣬ǰȻһƬκεľ
ҵרҵҪǿȹһεķϣҲŲ·أЩõı졣
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İɣߵķûдһ·Ҳ˲ϵɫҴҵ߸·ǵĿһģʮŵ˵
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Ȼ֪λãǾ͸ϽȥɣЦ˵Ȼȳǰȥٶ죬ת۾ʧԶֻεĸϡ
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զı飬ЦŽ͵ûʲôþȵģĵطȻǻжǿߵɻް˿ʮеҲɳԼһ£ټϺһ½ߣһզĿԣһЩô˲࣬Ÿոտʼ⼸ֻԽԽ࣡
㣬ò˵㻹Ƕò٣ЦŹάһֵȷǰٵæ
ԸԼ㣬¶һ˿ЦݣȻָָǰѹѹȺڵҪǳȥȻѵλãȴϿȵĿ
ʲô˼ΪλҪѵֱܹӽ𣿡ͷ·һСһٴηʡ
ǼֱӶˣԶ͵ҪΪɽھͽǰʵһռУҲ˵ֻܹоĿĵǴ·ǱƺõģֻеȵĳһضʱΣϿȵķӡñȻǲſԳʱУȻطͷ·һ޴ԶɸѡЩǿϵĸ֣һǿߣǵܹϿȣᱻӡֱӵѪˣ
ôһ˵ԽԽоͷ·Ϊһռ䣬᲻ԶǿרһطȻʵͻȻпյĽ
ǿɵһŶԷôܣ˵˾޴ǹΣպɲѵһǿܹ˵ʲôֱʵԾҲ̫˼˰ɣ˵ˣʿǼߵģﵽ˾˵֮˵ģǿôԼĺ˲̣
ķֻÿЦҡҡͷȻָָǰѹѹȺˣˣǻǵǰһȽϿǰλðɣ


ʮ ٴ
ǰѹѹȺЩ壬вһ˿ڣ֪ԼͲطˡ
ÿһεް˾ʮһ㶼ɳԼϽʵһЩѡ֣Ȼڴܹɹ뵽УһԵĻʱʵȻǲڻ¡
һɽͬҲʮɽѡɽϣ׵ʮȻһ¡
Ҳ֪ԼΪҪѪطֻʱԺ鲻ԽһݵӰ
ѵԼΪ˼ģæͷԺֲ뷨ӳȥǿԼٺ˼롣
ֻԺٴλ뿪ǰ׵Լ˵Ǿ仰ΣգǵᱣģֵǺһˣҲῴģ
뵽һʮ̵ֿĸ׾Ȼмӣ֪ΪоȻһĨĵļ¶ȻЩǲϵģ
ɽռݵλ˵бȽϿǰһλã⻹֮ǰյʱԭǼһﾹȻԵϷҴС㣬ȻɽºĽǸ߳ȥԼռԽλá
үǣ
ͻȻһ˼һȺʮŵļȺλƵĸ˹ɽλá
Ⱥ˱ϵһһɫΪϳԷ֮ǰԼߵǸԵϷԼĶ
٣ǣ֮ǰСѾռĺλñȺ˸ռˣǻǴֵ֣ܶأǸü۵ļһȸ״ɫĵһ
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һԵϷС㣬ѵģһɽѡ
˾ǴˣѵһҪ𣿡
˿Էɫ˵
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ָָڵĵ棬λҵռݵģԣ뼸λ뿪ɣ
ЦһЦλãУòãȭͷǷȨԣ㲻ֱ˵Ҳ˵ģ
ǿ֪ڸ˭һͳһȻλڤݻϿɽγĴ죡
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Ŷԭɽˣòڤĵ̣ĪΪҾͲҶˣЦ֮ǰĽʽʮֲˬѾŽŮץסڴϺݺݵر޲ߡ
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ǿĺ¶һ˿ЦղŵһȭѾ֪ԼͶԷĲ࣬СѾǿֻӲͷƤȥ
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һŵڶԷؿڣǿֱӵ˳ȥȻǶԷһж֡
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һĨţʶ˺üǰͻȻ֣˶ԷϴŵЦ
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Ǻǣ㻹Ǹ鷳Ѿͷ
ϤٴδȻ󵱺ת¶Ϥʱԭأ


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ٴοϤףֻоԺкһ·Լһǽˡ
ΣյʱûǸɽ۵꣬ʱĶԷԺнֻǸŮвŮңԼһּΪεķʽʶģȻ˵Ĺϵ⣬ǲδܵĵز
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Ȼǲ֪˿еĸӸܣʵ˿̵ѾȫеǰȺ˵ϡ
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ʵղҲܹоĲ֮ؼʱ̣ԼûбҪΪһССλúͶԷìܡûдȥòʧ顣
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ڽǽԷҲ֪ԼݣûбҪһС
ҡҡͷԼʶһļһ˫һȭڤݻϿɽγĶ죡֪ΪҪ飡
⽫ԼݸصܳҪ֪Ѷˣﲻ˾뿪
ɽʱͻȻ¶һ˿ֵЦ⣬벻ȻԼԼе϶Ĳɽμҵˣ컹һˡ
¶Цݣԭһֱվһ˵ɫͻȻѿعĻӶӳçı飬˿ƺѾϳ

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çעݣ㺰ʲôеЩûӣŭȵ
ү֪˭ˣ
çæǰһȻ֪үɷ񻹼ǵǰҹɽǸһµʱ֣ԶȽӡ󣡡
һ㶣Ȼܿ콫תƵϣΪɽĶӣЩĻȻ֪Ҫȱ˵Ҫһ㡣
ʵϣ֪ϴԼĸ𽻹ֵģֻǺöԷˣʱ׻佱𾪵ʵʵЩ˼顣
뵽ԷȻԼгɹ߶һҪø׵ĳޣͻȻеԼû
˶ǰԲɨĴԼˣ
ʵϳçˣֻû뵽նԷϳԼֻʱѾ¶ԷԣȻ˫˴˶ʶˣǾûҪαˣֱӿżɽĽ۾Ϳԡ
ȻϳңôͺðˣҪôһӮǽøǣȻӮ˵ĻʱɽܾʧȥεĽᡣ
˵֮ǰһվڿյϣһʱ׼ӭս׼
ɫʱĻʮֵĴӸղŵڹע˲¼ˣԼֱ˳ĻǽӿɾĶѼˡ
Ǹ׵ĻֲԺǻջԼ뷨սʤ˴Եǡ
ǰһϴһ˿º͵Ц⣬ֵܶ԰ɣǻǲʶҿóأȻԺֻͣһֵܣ
պߵǰվãǰһ΢΢ȻĶС˵ϵɱðɣɱڣǺ̻ˣֻҪһֽʯ̳
ϴЦ⣬ǿɵһǰһΪ𣿡
ϵЦͻȻ̣Ȼ󻺻Ц⣬˵ڹȻ͸а壡
˵ɽҪץס˰ɣȻⱾµĻҲߣ
ɫͷԶ˻ΪܵĿһСĽ̸Ƕδһˡ
ɫʮѿĿһǰȻתڴΪҪ뿪ʱ˭֪ԷһͻȻתȭͷ޻ڵĻĿǺ޷
ΣʶʮֵǿڶԷȭͷһ˲䣬ԺͻȻеһΣգȻʶһԴ˶ԷĿ칥
ԷĹͻȻһڶԷǰɫһҪ̳ˣٶȸ죬һץסԷļιǣһֻӳ
飡
ǰӳȭͷһǻδļղһȭͷһѾת˲
סԷιǵͻȻðһȻһױӣ˲ӵİ壬ŶԷûܽ⿪Լķһȭ
׻ұ
䣡
һ嵯ȥȻصĵȺв֪١


ʮ Ͽȿ
ϵƷ·ת֮ǰͻȻ֣˻δӦʱѾɳȦ䵽Ⱥ֮⡣
⡭çһȺ𾪵Ŀû뵽ԷȻн߷˳ȥ

çһҧʱһսȺŵڵϵȥһȺɽ˽ظ档ûͷˣһʱЩ֪롣
㶵Ŀǰ꣬˼Щ㱣һƺԶڸ˾ϲɽʱԵʵɽ֮ǰڴΪѶͦԼΪУڣԷȻûУǣ٣һΪԼ֣
뵽дһ˿ֻۣȻǲὫĸκˡ
Էû׷תǰһȺˣϴһ˿ľȱ顣
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ԭͦˣԷĻڿվŵǸƯŮ֮ǵЦͻȻΪʲôͲܹ⣿ѵֻһ𣿡
һ㶣֪ԷΪλͻȻԼѣһɽһļʶ𣬿Цҡҡͷǰһȭ
ֵܣּˣÿһεɹܶĸǰһɽȻҲвٵֵܸϹҪһԵүĥСľֻôӦҲųʶһ£ֻСǲģϿȿ֮Сţ
Խ㡭ݺݵصһ۶Է
ЦЦˣȻҶʶҾͲȥұĵطˣ
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һȺѾõ棬ΧΧ۵˿ûֿɿֻȫɢȥϿٴλָƽ
һ޵ĿһԵᣬЦŽܵλ㣬һѣ
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ԣС㾹Ȼ˵Խһʱֹˣ»Ṵ£Ͼ˭ԿǸ˲µŮռžصĵλ
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һһֻĬῴΧеĹѾһıʹƺʲôԸղǸŮһݺ档
ôһŮǰ顣
һʱЩΣĬļڶû˽ָѣȻ̧ͷһˡ
Ҷ֪٣Ǳƶһȫ֮ߣһ񲻳ͷӬĴҴܣ
ԽЦǶ˽ҲԸĽܣ룬ӦҲֵ˰ɣȫǱŨڸǣЩŨЩ⣬ܹ̽飬Σأʱпԣͷ·ѡһȫƾԼ
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ԽЦ˵ϾʵڳÿһĿãɽеİٳʤеĸǿıּɽԣܹϻĻʱܹӲٳɹļʡ
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ͻȻ洫һź˲ȼɽȣʱƽĺ汻ͶһССʯӣ׵ķˣźŲﲻ
˻һۣȻԼͬĳȥ
棬һȺ̧ͷϿϷգԼͬķһ
Щզǰգֻ˺ϿգԭѾʧճױƸ֡в֪ʱͻȻһɫŵ


ʮ ſ
Ͽ·ɽ˺ȫ̧ͷעеͻȻ仯ԭյͻȻܲȻһ޴ɫţһ˵С
ԼʮףԼʮף沼ַģһԶŵĲɣϢ
ЩֵķĴ˿ɢҫ۵Ĺͬһ޴ķӡһ֮Ϸӿ
ӡ𽥼૵Բǵ޴ķӡ֮ŷӡļӡеĴĳǰ
վ·̧ͷ˾޴ľţ˶оСһԶŲɣζݺݵسÿһ˵۾ࡣ
񼣣һ񼣣ԵԽ૵ضеľЩԵˣҲͬı֡
⵽ôγɵģ
Ժһ뷨𺳵ĳʵ̫𺳣Ϊģ˵Ҫǿʵ
뵽ͻȻеһѣΣԴĿǰӴǿĶ־ǷϺͲɽĸǿѾԼǿߣˣ𼸺ҪƴȫܹҴӶԷߡ
ǣǰ󣬸һǿ߿ŴӷӡϴǹԶŵĲϢ뵽վڽ˵ϵǿߣͻȻеһϢ
Լ̫СˣԺҪߵ·кܶ࣡
һ˲䣬еķӡٴη仯ԭģķӡ·Ǻľ޾ͻȻһǿҵĹâȻ󷢳һžȻĿɿڴʧС
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ӡһʧͻȻһңԶߵƵ촫ÿһ˵ĶУ޴鲻ԽΪֹһߣһЩʵõѡֱӺ˺üſסΡ
·һ޴һĻ˵Ķߣȫ߶Ԫ赲ǰʵõֱӴӶУСѪҺش
Ҳͬʱ߶ԪγһֽԼֽ赲⣬Ҫһģʵƺ赲Ⲩ
һУͻȻܿƵķɵǰ˼Ľһɫƽ˫ֵֽ󣬽ȫ
һʼлһ£ǵԼץ֪ͼɫͻȻһ죬鲻Խļ
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ġ㡭һᰲȫģԲԣЩʵ˵һι˶˵̧ͷ涢𣬿ŶԷӡ
ģһģ
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һ;ͳΣвؾͻǣʹˣȻ޷˵·
Σգ˶֪ȻȻͽ֮⣬ԶӥҪĻȡֻоǧܹɸ֣
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ѾһǶȵľţͻȻתһԵᣬȻʶã뵽ȴУ˵ͲԼˡ
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ͷȻ̧ͷգ˿·ȺѾʼɧձý
ڣĳһ̴ų׵ֹͣ˿ȻǴһʮȵĻȣǶ·һһʮ־޴Ŀն
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ͲסһڿһתһԾţʧ
˴ͷ·̱һ˲һԾȿֺĳϷȥ
һΧˣͻȻһɺ̧ͷͦأ˿Ѿ֮⣡
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ʮ ϿеĹ
ŨΧɵһƬ߸κεĶֻпͷŨ߲ͷޱ߿ռ䡣
ŨһӰ֣ǽϿȵ
ŨУޱȽüͷ΢ţԼ뵽Ѿһʱ䣬ʼδǣһţ˷·һֵȻ󱻳ɢܡ
ȻؼʱҲҪȥץס֣ǵʱٶʵ̫ˣӦͺ˸ɢˡ
Ҳ֪Լ䵽ʲôطֻǵԼصʱһƬȻΧȫŨŨ߸޷͸ŨȵǣԼóȻҲ̽ΧƺһֵԼ˻
ڳ˼ʱΧһŲͻȻͣ½ŲһƣĻŨǱһ͵ϮԼҪԿˡ
ƺһȺ˵ȵŲ߽ͻȻɣΪѾӶԷ˭
磡𿪿ڽе
ΧĽŲͻȻֹͣȻŲͻȻֹͣƬ̲ŴһЩ̫ȷ
ֵܣ
ԷƺЩ̫̽ԵʵлǴһ˿˷ܡ
ңӦ
ܿһŲѭܹȵΧʮ׷ΧڵʱſˣɽԽֵܣǵɽһнʮ˽ϿȣǵҲɢˡ
ֵܣû뵽Ȼܹȫɢˣɽʮ˴˿ҲʣˣȫɢˣԽЩ˷ܵ˵ܹߵһǲˣ˶ɢˣ
üͷһĨǣһ˲֪͵ʲôطһŮǳĻ鷳ˡ
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屶
һ㶣Щ𾪵ʵ屶ٶȣֱЩ̫ˣͺñһ²ܹһȴһµʱܹף⽫һֲֺֿٶȡ
ûʱԼһʱңһʱ㲻ܹɹǴϿĻҲ߲٣Խ⻰ʱг˷ܣһ׬ˡ
ȴôΪ˵ÿν˶׶༪𣿿ڴҲʵ̫𣿡
˻һ˲ȻԽ૵ֵôһƺԴǽϿԺΧǰЩ£
ҲҪ̫ɣҪһãϾֻǿʼҿһ£İѾԴҵаôֻãΣͬ棡ԣҵĽǣ˼һȻپҪҪǰȻǰĿѡڴ˴ϾһĻԶʱˡ
Ļ뵽˼ĻеҲ뿪֮ǰұҪһ
Ҿֵܼǰ˵ΣգһֱԵһһ˵ʲôҲҪúõļһ
磬Ҳһߣ༸ֵҲ˵һҲֵˣ
ЦЦҲҪôۣ̽ռʵģֻǰǱ뱣֤Լ
Ļո£ͻȻһƺвڲϱܣɻʱѾǰһӰǻȳһѸٵĴӼߣһۣƴܣгĿ־ü˳ɻ
ô£
ԽĻո꣬һͻȻ䵽ϣʶĵͷһŵһǾȻһĴȣѪܣƺŸոձá
쿴ǣ
ͻȻһֵĺƺʲô˼Ķ˰ָ򿴹ȥͻȻ͸еһѣΡ
֮ǰǰһģӰ֣ӶԷпԿƺһ޴ˣ˵ʵ̫޴󣬹߾ҪףӴ֫Ȼһ㸩·ࡣ
ȵҰУٴεһǾȻһ޴ʯͷˣʯƴһ޴ΣԵܵʮֵģʯͷ˵沿̵һͺͺԴϴһҶƳɵñӡ
ҰԷϿȥͫ͵һΪԷһʬ壬˿Ǿʬ°Ѿʧ٣


ʮ ޴ʯ
⡭ʲôԽЩѵ䶯һºᣬЩ˼ĿǰȻ
˵ԼҲ֪ʱͻȻͫһΪڸոճֵľ󣬾ȻٴԼԼ˲ٵľ޴Ӱ֪ЩʲôҲΪŸеĿɬ
ϽӣǶֹһ
Ȼǰг˽ȥѾ˼еʲôˣҪȱס
Ļһ˲䣬Ҳ½˺ȺĿٵĺӰһΣ̾ĻﶼûУ˵תߡ
޴ʯƺ·ˣµٶԵļӿ˲٣ÿһܴص𶯣Ǳʯ׷һŲȳеδļ
ֱ˿̣ŷԭΧİоȻڶˣӴҷ·ûѡЩĳֱӽɾ档
⵽ʲô˵ͬʱͷһ󣬻ɵһƬʲôһ󴫽еİ֤ܹ
֪ʹСˣٿԷɵ߿ոһ·ңЩһӦòɰɣ
߷ٵӣͬʱΧԼһƴӴܵ˲ֻ˿˫˴˻ӣ߽Ƕű˴ǰŨ
䣡
ȻͣסͬʱǰȺдһ󰧺ͻȻоͷһХʶĳһܣͻȻһ޴촫һԴľ޴Ȼ£ص䵽Ϸһ죬ҵİȥֱӴӵϱ䵽˿С
˽ĿǰȻһĨȣĹ۲ŻᷢȻҪ֮ǰԼǴһЩ
ԷȻԴһֻ˹һڿһתһȭſлӳƾ޴ķһƶһξ룬˶ԷȭͷȴһʹͬʱǱ޴ȭ·
żھ޴ʯһΣȻ󼸸ɽԣķʯʣȻһ·ϣؿڣ򣬽żڼһ㣬һԾ𣬷ʯֵƽ
׻
ŭһڿһȭǰȻӳ
䣡
޴ȭӡڶԷԴը죬ʯͷԴͣһ£Ȼת
һ㶣ԥأתӣļӲ̶ȫʯͷļӲȣ䲻
ոճȥԶȴͻȻܾȻȫĺӰĸʯ赲סԼȥ·ͬһΧĻһȺһļһ
ԷеϻڲѪ֮ǰѾԹٵĿͷ
ĸ޴ʯֳַĸһȺ˳׵İΧ棬۴ĸ򶼺ͻΧ
ȺһΧˣһͻȻ岻ϵľӸղûܶ
λڵҲˣҶΪ˻ʵǽﲢûֱӵͻĴһһ˵ӦʮѣǲӦúһ£ͻȻ˳顣
ԷĽ˱˴˶һۣûֱӻش𣬿ӱ˴л˼
˻̬Щżˣûʱˣȱ̬ͬ
Ҳûһһ
ȻΪ˻һҲδɣ
ԽԽ˵ͷͬҲͷûϣҶܹó¹شԻҲҪ͵ûͻҲܵ˵ż
λСֵ˵ĺܶԣû뵽ӾȻͬĻ˶ƴȫү֪˭͵ͲҪҲ˻ˣ
һĬ˿ܵʯѾһͻȻȳȥԵ˿˳Ҳϣſȥ
ҲһԾŸղսǸʯֳȥ˲ӴܶѡսȻҲʱúõĻһ
ʮͬʱԸһʯ֣ӴҲͬһΪ˹İӣǵصĹХ£ָľڶԷը˻
٣ӣ㳢ͻȻһȻ˫־һ޴ĹŻ£صʯֵľ޴ԴһȺͬʱԣ޴ĹʯֵԴը˻
䣡
һ죬ʯ׷ɣʯԴѣҲըˣϵըʯ飡
Ӵһ£Ȼڵһ޴Ĳ
ɫһϲڽһǻΪǻһԵɫͻȻһ䣬ԣⶫţ
Ļ£ϵʯͻȻȫʼ·һ㣬һʼֻǼϸСʯͷǺԽԽʯͷеıըѵʯͷȫڵϵı忿·Ǳһǣ
ɣԶЩզľ


ʮ ڤʯĸ
ҵʯ鲻ϵܵĳǣһ㲻ϵĳľʬۣȻһİԭȾ˵װ
ڸ
ԶһһէĴϳ˲˼顣
üͷһ˵Ѫħ嵽ڵϵʯǰһڶԷĶϡ
䣡
ԭӴһεķѣǻδ˻ϵʯٴηǵľۺ
һգ۵ĹǰʯۺһȻγ֮ǰľʯ֣ϵѺ۾Ȼϵơ
ɫѿȥ޼£ֻԼԪǴģ
䣡
޴ȭͷٴγһӵһԣķʵ̫ǿԼĹ䵽δЧ
ͬʱ༸ոձᵹľʯҲʼ𽥵޸һԵ˷ִ²ȳһȥֻ˷ʱ䡣
Ӵܣɢӣǵ˾ͲŽᣬӴܣȻҲѧ
ۣۣۣ
Ӵܣʯַ·ܹһ㣬޴ʱһӣһ޴ֱӽһ˴м롣
༸ӴܵļһǱʯ־޴ȭУ˲Ѫĭһ˲Ĺֻȼ˳ɹ˳ȥ󲿷ֵļһﱻĩɢڿС
ģãһԵӿ˾Ȼߣ߷߲ƽ
˿̳еĸʯѾγɣĸ޴ĹӸµĸ·СӰնȴһѪɫĹâ
˱ȵĴյһɫϾǰĸȻ
٣ֵܣ벻㻹֣ȻûӴܣʱӾȻܹЦò˵ʮģ
ɨ˶ԷһǰԼԼ˶٣ܹҲһ
ôӻǼսûнֻüʵнԼѡ
ͻȻѪħһԾȻݺݵسſеʯֳȥ˵ҵҪһﵽû㣡
Ȼӵθڣϲ
Ȼ˵ֱӶ֣¶һ˷ܣһԾȻ֣ȴһ㶼͡
ŭ
һȣеѪħ£޴ĿֱӴӶԷļб£޴ʯ鷢һֵƺߣȻӴٴɢǾ޴ȭͷȴͬʱȥ
飡
ؼʱѪħᵲǰȻȭͷУڵһ㷢˳ȥݺݵײһԵɽʯС
䣡
ʯдܳûϵƣŵڲϻʯ֣ͻȻգ۵һгһԾĻ磬鶯ľԾ
һ˦·ʯУ˲һһ𽫵µľʯָΧ
תһǱߣǸһ˿̾Ȼʯ֣ٶȻҪһ˿⵹ЩĿ࿴
ͬʱŽʣһʯֳȥеһ޴ݺݵӡʯֵؿڴһԷԴ˳ȥ
䣡
ʣʯҲЭ飬䵽ϴڵĴŴϼ˿ڻڲѪԷƺȻ⣬ͳһŵҩ£Ȼųһ
ģүһʱ죬ȻǵñһƸɣ
ûʱ̸һӣһž޴Ļϵľʬ֣ʼ˾ҵȼա
ȻȾУֵЩʩչЩճɷĩһԲ֧Уʮ͡
ٿش˺ܾãȻŻ֣˫һӣǰĳͻȻȻٴηڡ˿̵ѾһƬڣϵðŨ̡
ЩŵĶŵ棬Χճɽһŵʯûٴͬʱһʱеĵġ
ף
ӵ۹ЩЩȷǰ˼ϵʯԱߣڵ·˷ȻͻȻʯֵͷ­ͳһɫʯ鲻һʯͷ
𿴵ŵһѪɫʯͷѪҺһĽѪͷ·ʱʳѪ
ֵļһеʯ飬ĳһƺ뵽ʲô۾ͻȻɴȻŴЩ˼ĻתһȻٴ༸طʬԴͳͬѪʯͷ
ˣүҽ췢ˣ
վԭǷһЦɽϵ˺۲Ѫ˿ڶȻ
ЦȻǰʮִ󷽵ĽеĿѪɫʯͷó͸
ٺֵܣǷˣһ룬ģ
ЩɻĿеѪɫʯ飬Щ׵ʵʲô
ͻȻǿһĺ⡭㶼ʶڤʯĸ


ʮһ ǳɱ¾
ڤʯĸЩɻʵ
㲻֪һ˼Ŀ𣬾ǿһˣͻȻʲôʵǴ½ģ
ͷȻӲż˵ѹ֣
ĿʯһΪͨлҵĽʯһǶаڤʯߵö˵ҪջһЩڤʯֻڽеļطдطȫĴУϣƽʱҲ˵ƽʱһеĿȨֱԼĸҲ˹֣֮ÿһ·ԼֱӸ˴˻ƺ⣡
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еĶȻЩɻʵڤʯĸҲǿ𣿡
ͻȻ¶һ˿صЦݣٺ٣ֵǸǽڤʯĸʵٻԭĻŲţ
ڵһ¶𾪵ı飬ôܣ
ûʲôܣǴ漣ĵط̫߼ǿƵĻΪǵĻ᣿ϵ˷֮ΣսﾹȻͷĺöڶԽǳڴٺ٣ֵôְɣֻҪ֣һŪĺö
ӵĻո£ͻȻһ߳Է߷˳ȥӵڵһ¿δļվ֮ǰվλͻȻһһһը
ʮǱĴӵվЩ˼ĿŵϵӣȻתһԵŨУ鲻ԽľȵŴ
ݣôô࣡
ֻ˽һǰ֪ʱѾĲʯͷһվһ࣬ûзκε졣
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һʮ־޴Ӱӣ˾ʯ˵룬ӰӵҪĹһֹңһ·ϿȥӾȻûп޴ӰӵԴ
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ô֪һ־ʯֵһ֣ε˵ղһۿǶʱγ𾪡
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˵ɣû˵һһƲҪ
һӣеľʯڿʼжˣֻͻȻһĬĺͷ·ɽеֺĻһ£еľʯȫʼж˷ٳȥ
УЩ׷ˣǱ˦ǣȻĻ类Ⱥһӱܱ߳⣬ֵܣֵĻأϽͷųⶫ
ĸӾܹҲ߶ҲΧЩʯֵĿѵȫı˺𣿡ѵڻҪ
Сģ
ͻȻŭһȻͬʱȥһ޴ĺӰֱ˱ܵĵ棬޴춫˲һӣֱӴӵϱȻڿһתҺ˶ʱסΣȻأǰȥ
ղǸһĽţЩϢĺһֻžͱ˻Ҫжôֲ
ӴܣΧľʯص׷ᣬͬʱΧİлڲϵһİƺʱ˱ɱ
ǰû·ˣ
˵ĽŲͻȻͣ£ɫѿĿǰƣһʮ£·ƣȻ֣Լ·һʹ
ô죿ӴڴŴ

û˵ֱһԾȥζʱʧ·С
Ȼ˵ֱȥƤ˶һԽԽľʯ֣һȻһԾȥ
ȥãƬľʯֳ±ԵӸµĳɨţƺѰʲôһӴӰͻȻ֣ԭ޴ľʯӴӰǰͷ·һĺӡ
ӴӰһֵڣȻľʯֿʼΧİжʱʧ


ʮ صǿ
һƬĿռ䣬ƺǻɵһƬͷ·Ǵظոγɵʱһֲأֻ޾ĺڰ
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ĳһ̣ؼͻȻӳһǹ⣬Ȼǹ˸ڰеиۣǹӣڵĿռͻȻγǿӣɵҲָһ˿
ǹ֮£ԶĿռĳͷ·һҫµ̨·ƾгһƽ̨ڹµƽ̨Уƾճ֣һűʻƵǧװεʮֵƯ׵Ůʱϲһ㡣
˿ǧȴһ欵ľɫŮͻȻһŮԵ쳣ͻأͷ·ĺģͷ·ռס
ͷһֱʣûκεװ㣬һɫٲŮһɫȹûдЬ¶СɵĽѾа׵˫סǧԣǧİڶصƮһ˯ŵīɽˮ
λŮǰһʯʯΣĻ»ֱ𾪵°͵ϣΪӺӵĲϾȻȫڤʯĸƣȫǲһ˿ʵΪڤʯĸơ
ӿĶȻֱӵʹãӿĻ»ᴷض󺰰ܼҡ
ŮԼڶʮңǧذڶ߽ضĳһƺ˼ʲôˮŮˣһ˽ɫŮ˿κ˶ᱻɫ
ŮǰϷһγɵĻڿУ˿ĻϷʾϿеΣֵǴ￴ȥûκεеһȫÿһ˵Ķ顣
̣
ռٴγֲȻҹͻȻһ΢ЩõӰһӵòǣͦΣ˺һۿʵ䡣
ӳֺǰŮɨƵĳһԶŵʱգ翡
棬͵
Ůͷû̧Ŀڽҵ鲻Ҫܣڣ㲻úõĴĵܵʲô
ƺŮӵƢѾ˾ռߣҲ棬ȻֵĪҪˣ༸ҲȨʱලģ
ӵĻ£ΧĿռٴһ仯ȻٴԵгõӰͬǱƺĽǱһһλһ龫ֵСѾͷ鶯ĺɫ۾ĴתһͲһһλߣ־ԵǳĻ׵ĺ룬°һֱǰ
㣡þòСѾͷŮӺƺʮ˷ܣȥȴһԵŭĿһɣֻùԹԵվԭκζĶ
棬ڸʲôⶼôˣϿȵ˽򣬿ôˣǵԼʲô뱣֤ܳ򣬿ȴƺǵԼ˶Ϸ
ɫ˵ɫŭƺߡ
Ůӻֹͣ˵ǧĶȻŵվߵһԵʯ£ȻĿڽ
ϣŹ˶ãȻţȻһεֵ֣ԣǲҪֵĺã
ߣ㲻ҪǵÿһεɲǽɱȡֵģǲܹһǼⱲӿ½ҪԶҲܹȥ
ڵң̲סȵܹҿɲܣѾˣԴϴ˽ǷĽн뵽ϷкѵǾûļ߳Ȼ֮𣿡
԰㣬òŸոճɳû꣬ĿռˣҲȥʶһ´½ĵطأ˵ʲôǿҲ˵ҿЩ˵ǴúܣһԵСŮҲͰ͵˵ɫƺ߳Ҳʮֵ
˵ɫŮӵɫ΢һ㣬İɣҲƵǵԼģܿٵģ
һӽ͵Ҳ˽ͻȻĨɱ˼򵥵һͽ֪ΪֻϧЩո̤Ͽȵ߻ʲô֪

ŴˮзڳϰЩĹ۲һΧĻ
ƺû׷ȻصںӰϴڵĴղŵսһӴܣѾ۵
ҲںӰϢͬʱΧԷ͵Ϯ
Щƺû׷ƺȫ·ˣӴڴЩε˵ιֵܣʲô֣
𣡡
ӾͺãҲͬˣԽҽǹͬ˵ܹıƺֹ飬ķ濼ǡ
ڸߣ
üͷ΢壬طѾ̹ЩˣԴӽʧȥϵҲ֪Է˿ûˣ
ȲҪڱһطеڤʯĸֵҲˣֻʵܹסԣûȼʵǽг̽ʮֵɷнµķ
ãģͷͬ˶ԷĽ飡


ʮ 弶ʦ
Ũһ֣ӺķѺܾõʱҵһƧȫĵ
ΪܹʱΣиԤ˵뾡һзɢÿһԴԶ䣬Ȼֻж̶̵Ľʮףʮ׷ΧֻҪκεķ紵ݶ𶼻֪ԱǰԤ
ǲһֵָķʽͳһ˽ĲϣȻһ˴ܽΧһڣ˰ʱ߻Ķһĵơ
԰ĵˣΧʮ׵ķΧѾȫҰ˸֪磬һҲµ˿߶ҵע⣡ɷģ
Ȼ֪ⲢյķʽʱѾѡ
˿̵״̬⣬ƽľĽԼ״̬֮óڤʯĸ˵ⶫļֵǶ̲סһ󼤵
ʤʵҪ֪ΧٿҪʱ䣬ڽƾڤʯĸͿò˵õĸо
Ժе뷨𻺻˫Ȼ뵽ڡ
˽״̬ȴ֪˿ѾѪȷ硣һɱ¾ڲϵݡ
ɫŵڰУ߲ϵΧɨɨȥƺΧŨźˮһ㡣
磬ǿǷˣȻֱʵ˶ǴһĻʵ̶ֳȣҶˣ
ģҪǰס۾ҪǣǽͨﾹȻ˺ôеĺôǶôľˣҪ۹ųԶҪǣǿҪΪ½ǿߵĴڣԷϴʵһֱۣ·ǧĽʮֵľơ
ϴӢϴ󡭡
δȼ˹άĻڣͻȻһֻ޴Ľǰһ̻٩٩̸ϴһŲȳһűѪģѾκεʬģ
΢δתӴܣΧŨͻȻһȺʯ֣Ȼ˲佫˹Ϸ˺ѡ
ͬʱͬϿвϵݣһĻĻɱ¾ݣϿеĿڲϵ

ʱĲڽڤʯĸȫΪԪܵӿȵԪӿһĨ⣬ܹо˿ԼʵȻĽҲ˵˿ʵѾﵽ
֮ǰ»ЩմմϲԴӽ뵽֮ŷ죬ǰӵʵҲҪο˴ν뵽ߵжأ
ڹԪʱԺͻȻһ̵ĲȻеľԪǱòȶϲƺڵѪҺ
ԺлɵռУԭܹٿصǺСĸСˮأȴһۿɼٶѸٵɢˮԽԽ࣬·ǳĺˮһԭɱٿصһСˮأڲһӵʱھȻѸٵͣһСˮرڵСͺһֹ
벻Ȼ˳ԼĿǰʵȻǵʦˣЩľϲǻδϲԺбͻ
ԭѾչһСͺͻȻһȻһˮܵĳǣˮһ·ϷȻռɵǳռС
ԺռΪصڣɵһƬκεĶͷ·һͷǿա
˴ǱһǣȻԱصǴطˮĲߣܹԵĸоԼڲţԭʦ̶˲Ѿ½Ϊ弶ʦ
оţȴ޿κΣȥҪ˶ԼֱӳˣĻԼʵҪظոѧϰʱ뵽͸еһҡ
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һ浽ʲôһ޴˷ֿԣĸκεĶ
ӿ˿ԴԴϵıսУĳһ̣ɫͻȻ¶һſֲľѪɫ˫ںԵøĿֲ


ʮ 
ԺеռУͻȻֵغԼ޴ĺѪɫ˫Ե쳣أɵ˲УȻ·СϪ󺣰ʧ
˿Ȼǲ֪ռı仯ȫеԺŵС
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ٽͣųһϵıȴЩѿԼǲȻƾʧˡ
һĨɻͻȻٴα۾ȻеľԺС
˼ٴνԺռǻãã磬Ժ̺ܹٿصȴ֮٣ɵĴصϣһɫâСͺԾȻϣһЩĿǰͿֱӲٿص
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ȥˣЩյһ֣Ҫ֪ǿ
ΧɵĿռɨһۣͻȻĳһ˹ȥȻһƬɣȴǸоһǣԼ·޾ŨУһ˫޴۾ڶԼ
ΪԼͷһҪȥ̽ĸоһ뷨һ־ͱòֹԺһ뷨ȥһ
Ժв뷨̸жһ˿ǸŨУϳǰӣ޾Ŀռ̽
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ҵԺôСֹͻȻĳǷ´½һ㣬Щ˼׳
ʲô
ҪǼϸ𼸺ֲںеĺɫդһĲ֪Ƴɵĺʾƺе
һ૵Ȼ˫ĴϷΧоϷıУĵһ
ҵԺôĶڣ⵽ôһ£Щ𾪵ĺĶѾ׵ĵ߸һЩ֪һʱоԼ׹ʮֲʵĸо
ǰΧʱͻȻǰĺڰзѪɫ⣬ͻȻֵĶһǽŷѪɫĹâȻһںڰеľ˫ۡ

ʶľһȻˣ˼һɢȻ˴ռ˳
ȵ𱻾ųȥ⴦ֵĵٴ뵽˺ڰУѪɫ˫Ҳ𽥹رϣһЩɣĸо
ȻҲСæڻʱľԣͰһ°ɣ

ȻԺ˳亹ؿھҵղȷŻˣ޷֮£ԼԺУǸ۾ͻȻֱӾŵĶϵ˶Ŀƣֱ˳
ϵ亹ʼȶʼ˼Ρ
ԼԺеǸʲôʲôʱֵģγԼԺеģԼԺеҪʲô
һ˲ʱ䣬Ժгһ⣬ЩⶼֱָĹؼ
ҪٴǱԺв̽һһۻĸ첲¶һ˿ЦʲôʱԼȻҲкµʱ
ٺ٣ֵܣˣӴһ߹ϣһԵڼŬӵҲһվԶ硣
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ҡҡͷͻȻʶ̧ͷһΧĻһ鲻Ҫ𲻽һ
ôֵܣôһһէģʲô㵹ǽӵȷǸûĻļһѾ˺ֵ
ûʲô
ڰ֣ȻǿеļٴγһһȷԼղŵȷûпҲΣ
ڵȷƾ֪ΧһУ


ʮ 
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ʵӸ߹հ˹յСʱȴûзκεѾĻֻһֻҪٴȷһˡ
һʦҵľ˲٣û뵽ǾȻܹĲ̸ΧĻǰ·㳯һȥ
ʵϵķɽɽƵʱȷʵһ
ɽһԲΣϿȽ֮ɽͦΣλǸ᫵ĵƣŨڣά裬·һȻȻǽȫŨС
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Щ˵ôģѵҲԼһֱŨ
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˵Ӱ˲ʱʧԭأȺ룬ܿ˾ͷΣ˸ŭĳ뿿Ҫ˸ں档
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Ѿһŵֳ߲δЩΪһֵϣ̧ͷһۿеЩȻڷľ档
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ԽԽ࣬ȴûǰж˵ҶԵĹų˺档
˻õʱͻȻһĳƷѵ졣˾Ϳ顣
ֻվڴλõļܾȻʼسѺۣȻѺ󣬾ͷ·Ĳһ˲þ֩һݺύ
ǣ飡
һƬ䵽ϣһ죬ԽԽƬ䣬ܷ·һ֧޲ϵ
˵ע£еļȫɣ¶®ɽĿ
⡭һЩ˼ĺԭǵܵĶ֮Ȼ¶
Щ˾Ȼ˸˵ܣһ߻ǰȥЩĴǰЩܣÿһȫ˫ۣƺ뵽˳˯Уû˿仯
ৣ
ͻȻ߻δע⵽ĵطһȻ˫ۣһĨ⣬ֱ֣Ա̴ߵ壬ԷĻᶼûУֱӱӱ
޵һܵѣĵͻȻȫ۾ǳ˯ͻȻ˯ѣʮȻͬʱָ֮ǰơЩ׾ĻǰɨǰȺ֮ͣ


ٰʮ Ԫ
ͻȻֵȺһ˶Щԭһĵܣһ˲ͻȻȫ帴뵽ǿ˼ǧʬ壬˶еĵ׷
ǡԪܣͻȻΧȺбһ󾪺г˲˼顣
ȻԪܣ벻Ȼֶܹ
ԪܣЩɻʵƺǰЩ˲ǻŵ࣬ѵȻȫǱ˲ٿصĿܣ
ԪһʮǿطǽȥʬµĿܣЩûģͨ˵һ˿֮Ԫٿأûиûֻ֪ɱ¾Ĺߣֱǽα
ϵıЩѿֶʮѶԸΪǸûκε͸й٣ǵûκЧģҪһǣԪֻϵǿ߲ܹģΪЩ̺ڵһ˿ԣǵʵȻǿʵҲǰ״̬ټЧԣǵʵҪǰҪӦ
ǰЩܣϵ·ԼЩûʲôΨһͬЩ˵˫Ŀնû˿Ĺʣһĸо
ѵӦһܱտռЩģ
ͻȻʲôɫЩѿĿӣͬ˶ԷеľȣҲ뵽ͬ⡣
㡭ҲˣӵЩٴתƵǰȺϣ
Щƺ֮ǰЩĴߡ뵽ɫò԰ףĻЩ֮ǰߣѵɱȫ˿ܣ
û⣬һЩܾԲԼͻȻֵģǾ˵Ǳɵģǽͨ·ѵ˵˹⽫֮ǰǿɿܣȻ赲߽˵˾йΪ赲Ȼģ
ո¥ºЩᣬԼ˿ϷڷŵɢĹţɫѿΪͻȻ뵽һʮֲֿĿԣ
һоͺǸϷԼЩһһϷˣȫڶԷС
һΧĺڰпһЦע͸еһԼЩ˷·èŪڹ֮еһ㣬ֻܹնԷϷȫûзȨ
͵طѹ֪ʲôʱΧѾսһƺܲϷĹŵջóȻ֣ȻͻȻܵЩܵĹһзļһֱӱһ롣
ս˲俪ʼΪߵҪȿܵĿϰٱˣ˸ûнǰЩûϢĿܷС
һ˲䣬˷ʮӰХϣϵĹȥ
飡
һըԭվԭصĿͻȻʧԭأȵٴγֵʱѾ˳ӵԡ
ۣ
һȭޱȵһȭԭ˶ΪԷƺܹǼһƺһ㶼ûз֣ȻƾԷһȭؿڴѪɽѪȵ˼㡣
һʵȻǶʣۼ⣬ɫĺϵķҲƺܵľŲǳ
ͬʱʮѾȺУɱ¾˲俪ʼеıɨǰʮ߷·ȫûи֪һ㣬ȻһУǵԶһס
ѹԵɱ¾һʮԪܣһĿڶߣǣ˴۾ǣɢʮУȻÿһжѪȵɱ¾ǿȫ޷ѶԷĹ̶˲п룬֧顣
ɫЩѿվͬ𾪵ӣ˾ҵȦӱȽԶʱûʲôΣգѾ뵽˻ң֮ܵҪˮ֮֮ҽźǲڶ
Ȼʮǿߣ
˵⼸仰ܹԼڲʮǿߣƽʱǴδľ󣬿ﾹȻѳ֣ңҪЩȫʬ壡
еĵ׷ǿǿ߾ȻȫطǶôֲһطȻ˶Ķǿߵʬ壡ԼһССĿߵ
ģˣӴһͻȻһԾȻԽͷԵطһȥΪеĿȫסˣԣӼûյʲôֱӷɵǰ
ǻδӳ֣ͻȻһâȻһ죬ϵƾշ𣬳ȥ
Ҳݣ˭ģҪըүôţȴֱһԾٴγſеĳһȥ
вϷڵţͻȻһԾȻĳһŷȥղ͸оʮ־޴󣡼ʹƴҲҪðһˣ


ٰʮһ ᱦ
ŷеţ·ԭѾҵսȦ˶ݵͣͣ˵ȫеϷĿУʱ·ֹͣ˼ӣȻ˲䱬
һȺͻȻһԾ𣬳ſȥĿȻǿеţܹ˶ĿػЩĶһȥԣھ޴ջǰȫѡա
ӵڿһתȻתղųԼֵǸһûʱҶԷ鷳ΪԼղѡеĹѾ˵У·ĳѾһƬңҪҪգͻȻһըϮȻһȺʬߣӾͿһ˫ն۾Լܵľ뾹Ȼ׵ľˣ
ҲݣİɣӾһȻԥתˣǲһ
ৣ
ӸոתӴܣǱĿƺԸͻȻһȭȻһ޴ȭӡӽȥ
о󱳴һ⣬ٴιֽһͻȻһֺ徹ȻСһʱ쾹ȻʹȻӵĶӷ·һ㲻̶ͣ˲侹Ȼ˼ֹͺһ޴ƤȻƯڿС
ӵոշ仯Ȼ󱳺ȭӡ˲һȭ˱仯ӵĶϡ
ˣ
·ȭͷզ޻ȭӡӹ͵ĶƤһȭȻɢΣƺδԭӦеʵ
ӲĽסһȭ֮ӵͻȻСȻصĵڵϣǿվȽŸȴһ˿ѪȻӲĽס˶ԷĹҲ˲СĴۡ
ܲûʶѾٴɱΧߣûٴγӷĻӿľСѱˣ
㣬̴ȥ¥
һۺˣðһԣʧԼҲʲôź
ǡ㡭ȻԼҪϲ٣˿ΨһԭɵĴСƢѾʧ˿̵һŮӡ
ùңҺܿͻȥİɣûµģ¶һ˿΢ЦȻתǰĿȻԼ֮ǰͷֵǸţʹǴ˿ѾıΧ˺üȦҲòһˣ
䣡
ӲȺʱͻȻһըϮһȻ˲Ⱥ˻δעʱɱ¾ѾʼսȦѪɣͿԿսж༤ҡ
ȻͬʱսȦһɢ֮ǰɱ¾̣ҲԼԼ֪ЩܵʵûԸЩһϾΪһȭ֪ĶԼϧôԼҲʵ̫һЩ
ջǱˣһλʮͻȻ˫ֱŹЩĺ
ֻϧһո£Դͺ룬һѾ޵Цһ¶ڵĻ
֣ǽĿһΧתתӴܣոתȥȴķһ˼Լϡ
Ķ֣һʶҪսȴ֣еĹŲ֪ʲôʱɣ֪ʲôʱȻǰԼȥ·ļһϡ
ѶгӷӦ֮ĽкţֱǳıӵˣȻԼĶ
չţһ壬͵¶ȸһůĸоͷͻȻԺ˦Ȼ̽ȥʵ浽ʲô
ûϢʱ䣬Ӻһ˿һžȻ䵽һ˵У˸ɫһϲֱȫ
Ȼ޷̽ŭһһ۴ΧԼļһͻȻһҪջصԼռָУӳȥо
ԼٿؾȻʧˣԼγԣžǲܽռָС
澹Ȼһ˿ӡǣɫͻȻѿѹ˶˶Ϊʸ֮ĶȺΧ
䣡
δԴУͻȻһȭԼߵһ߻ɳȥһڣΧ˵ĹȻ˲䲻Ϻˣ˿ܳ¥ݱܣȻĻֻὫӵݸй¶
ԾϷһŲǽڵʯϣȻٴγԶȥ
ڿзɳ˲䣬ͻȻһ˿ӡͶ뵽УһʼܵСĶ٣ŵĹͻȻñʼ̽ųŹȥ
ۣ
·һѣͻȻһ뵽˹Уɫһϲ˫һȻӹгһҫı
ͨȼգͷ·ȼյҽڽλãһβʮֵſᣡ
һӣڿлһƯĻȣȻڿдһźɫ棬ʮֵĿ
ý鲻Խѽֱϲ˹


ٰʮ 
͵һѽӹг۵Ĺâ˲òʶı۾
ѽ׳ıһĨϲѽͨ죬ҽһȼգƺԱ仯֮ǰǱ״һ˦֮󣬱Ķ˾ȻһѤβһȼյıӡ
Լߣɫ䣬ʶץסеıһ
ۣ
ǵжеıͻȻһĿβƮƮĴɨֱӽжϣʱѪɡ
Щ𾪵еѱû뵽ⶫȻ˵ı̬趯˲䣬ԼһȺѾȫ飡
ٺ٣񵽱ˣ
һĨϲ̧ͷһۻҵսȦվںڴߡ
һѪħ󱳣űͻȻεضȻ˵Դ˲˵ǰ
ߣ
ץסղŵһžСõˣͻȻȺдһźʱٴνתƵߣͬʱǰȼյıʱ˵ͨ
ɫͬʮѿ߽ضŸղźǸһһݿε꣬˿̶ԷһЦĿߡ
ʶˣղŵʱһͺԼ֣ʵףֻû뵽˿̶ԷΪԼȻʩչʽ
䣡
Լ֮ͬ䣬ͬʱȥег˿ȡ
ȥ
һУһ˵סͨڣͬӿһĨŭ
Ѿ뿪ųȺͻȻ̣ӿһĨ޵ĺ
ȻҪǾͺúõһɣ
ৣ
ͻȻʧԭأֻһӰʹһɫĻ˲䳯Ⱥӿδ˷ӦǰļѾ죬廹ȼŻ档
ͷ·ǳȺеҰǣڼսһʼһ浹ԥȷͻȻһ˼һȺţǿ׷Χڵ˸ֱӱɼ룬ҪôǱȵĻֱӻˣ˿ڻ̵ȼա
Ǵһֲ˿չ֣ʶѾηʼˡ
һʱ䣬ʮ׵ķΧûȻγһյشȫԶԶؿţŵʮʬ˵Ÿղŵսжôпᡣ
ǰ׼ߵʱͻȻԶȺдһңһ޴ĲӰȺǾѹ·ֱӴȺΧ˸赲֮һʱʬҷɣѪҺɽ

ͻȻһӰȻһȭʶеıֵʹˣȻһȭ˳ȥݺݵײһǽϣ͵ͻһѪ
ͻȻֵļһƺûдĻᣬһٴνųȥ
𿴵ԼľȻһֻԪܣһĨ࣬ԷȭͷԥԼеı˿̵̻ȼգǼʹˣԷȴȻȻûκεĸ֪
һӵһ࣬ԷĹܵϴʹǿߵһЩԿ⣡
ȻϷ˫ŲǽϣȻһǰеıڿлһĿԲ棬·Ŀܴȥ
ۣ
̧ͷ赲ǱȻԷĸ첲£һ첲ڵϡ
ǻδˣ˵Ŀû˿仯һֻһץסĲ
ڿΧͷߣ˿̸û˸Ըȫ¥ݵڴӿȥ˶Ĺŵᡣ
оЩ̫˳ҪȻ֣һ𽥳ӿӶԷͬԼеĶ
˫ڵһߣڶԷϽǴһܸû˿ı仯
һϾҪǰһ˿⣬ͻȻ˫ŲڶԷؿڣȻͷԴ͵һһʮȵתתĹУ˫սеıڿϻ

أ巭һ̧࣬ͷ棬ղϮԼĿڲϵȼգȻڲϵƶͷ·ԵĶһ˺
һĨɱ⣬ͻȻһ˦бʱһһڶԷĽϣһֱӽȼյĿܸ⵹ڵء
ڷɶ˫ַձ͵Ծ£еıǺݺݵشԷԴС
ۣ
һźѪɽȻ˲䱻ȵĻճޣֹܵͣһƺɫӲƵԿлƮʧڿС
ûдϢĻᣬٴԼһܣеıеĽȻһȦһȦĳȻʱȫΧ
̣
ͻȻһӰӻгһѺɫնĳȥ
ƣ֪ΪЩĿѡԼʵ֪Щܽӵǹùߡ
飡
˵ײ˲䳯ԾͨУ𹥻ĿǰԴ¶氵ɫƤ⡣
ȵʧڴԶ˷ֲ˵ĿռͻȻһ翵
ףȻҵһܣղСһõĺǳ׽ɣе˼ˣ


ٰʮ ͨ
ȫ¥֮ȴͻȻķֳǰľȻһ޴Ĺ㳡˿㳡Ҫ·κ¥Ҫ־ͷ·һ޴ĢͻȻبؼ䡣
û°ɣ
վһӣԷ˿ϵƲ٣ؿڵһᴩˣһ޴ѪڲѪҺӵɫҲЩҰס
İɣүҲģЩĺͬʱͳһŵҩ£ɫ΢Щ
û£߲תΧĴû뵽·¥֮Ȼֱһƽֻ̨˲ʮ׵ľ룬վƽ̨ϣȴ·оԼվڽ׵ĸ߿֮Уƺڽһ֮УԶĽ뵽һռ䡣
ǧףƣϿǲ˺ɫϼǱȼһͮͮĿ˵λãһ޴ѪɫڿУΧĴȫѪɫŨΣ
ȴĸоЩѪɫƺ̺ǿͺϿȵİһֻĺ̺ҪǿһЩ
ĻٶҪ屶ֹһĨ𾪣⵽һʲôطΪλǿ
һͬΧܵ˲ʱв¶ϲ֮ɫʹܹһ꣬ԼʵҲһ١
ھ޴ƽ̨ԶߵѪɫ֮䣬ڴϸƽ̨Ȼһֱ쵽ԶѪħצ
Ӧýͨ·ֻҪܹͨ뵽ѪУͽˣӵӿһĨ۾ضԶѪ·ѪڵĶ
Сĵ㣡Ӧòǿô򵥣Щ˵
Ļո£ͻȻǰĿռһ˸ȻԶıԵϻӰն˫Ŀ飬֮ǰһԪֱܼһޡ
ÿһӰռһЩܵ˼ѾʮˣҪӴ˾Ӯ˵
ǿܣεĿĿòҪһЩ˵
ԣͻȻڣɫʮ࣬ɢҪ·Ŀǿܶ࣡
Ļɫһ㶣ͻȻʲôһɫѿ
㡭˼˵Щǿߣ
һӼѹɼжô𾪡
ɫѿĵ˵ͷΪǿܵռƣԣܹ뵽ǿľǶǿߡ
ǰͻȻֵǿߣ˵ɫѿԷֻÿռһȫ˽еͨס
˽ͷӶʱ򣬹㳡еĳռٴβȻ󼸵Ӱٴλǰ
˵Ӱ·սµԪܣ˶û뵽ԷȻҲֻ˿Щܲδ𹥻ǻվһ࣬˫ĿնƺĶǰߡ
̶˲䣬˵߾ȻʮܸΧǰС͵Ĺ㳡УΪҪռݾƵһȻ¶˾µı顣
ǰЩɨһ˿ɻ󣬡ЩƺûжǳֵĴ㣬ǲһЩܽǽһ谭Ҳ˵ֻҪʵʵĴĻЩܲǷ𹥻
¶һϲ˼˵ǰЩܵĻΧϣֻҪǲǵĹΧǾͲᳯǷ
ͷȻЩţҸоȷʵˣ
Ĳ²ͬͬʱ뵽ΪԴЩ֮ܳ󣬾Ͱľ׮һԭزδ𹥻
ô죿ѵʹȻȴһ֮ȥӵһĨʣǰͨǰǿȴҪò˵ЩԽܡ
ͬһĨԽܣԼΪʵŽ뵽ģȻԷԺЩСԼĿһĨᶨ
ǰ˼裬ԼҲҪ볢һΣ
ͬ뷨˲ֹһϾ˽ĿľΪ˻ȡʵ
˵䣬ӰѾһȻ䵽˹㳡ϵļڴֵϣǰԶļܣһҪͨͱǰ鷳
˵Ӱϵһ˲䣬վĿͻȻ˶ԭն˫ĿһѪɫĹâǾ֮𻺻ɨǰĴߣ


ٰʮ еɱ¾
վϵܵͻȻѪɫĹâ㳡ͻȻǱһ֣鲻ԽĴһ·ʲôסˣһϮ
㣬㻹Ҫ𣿡תһᣬԷǸŮӣʱȻҪ΢Ե
ԶǿߣһĨԥ֮ɫҪ֪ԼɾΪ˽˿ǰǴ˿̷ĻʵЩġ
ȥұҪһΣʧˣҲڣһĨᶨһ޴ľ
ͷøԷľսܻʮֵĻңԣ㣬ǵúúõıԼ
ͷȻǶ仰˼սһδľûܹ֤ٷ֮ٵĻֻܹ
λǰǴҵΪʲô˵ĿĶһģǽδƣҲ˵ĳ̶ֳЩ˲ûֱӵͻ
ͻȻȺһӰĺʶǽеļǿеһʵס
ǰǵסȥ·⼸۵Ļڳκ˶Ķ֣ԣǲ֣ҲֿԴӮЩȻȫһã֪Σ
ЦԷԵټڻңܹ˵¾ڿҲӦʱǾͿֱӳҳ̴úܺã
վҡź˶Щ⶯ϾǶҲʮֵ֪ͬսǿ߽һʲôĽ֣Ҵ˿һӳǿߣԣһʱ䲻˶Щԥ֮ɫ
ǿȴûиԥʱ䣬˳֮󣬿ԺеɱָѾɹļˣǵĿֻһǾǽеǿһʣȫɱ
Ҫ֣ϣһλǿһȻȳŶԷ˹ֱܹӹԷķȻĻǽٺò顣
ϵսһʮǿͬʱǿ߷˹ƴĶ湥
㳡еԥʱǰʮʼĿͻȻնͫױΪѪɫȻһӶ£ص·Ĺ㳡·ըһ·ȺУɱ¾ٴοʼ
ߣ
Ź㳡лҵ˲䣬ӺһȻһԾһ˿ѾվȺ˶ٶȷɿĳŶȥǶϣܹ˲䣬ȻЩֱӽ
ʧǣڿܽΧ³ͭǽڣ۶˳ᱻԷһʱǰͷһӾͳΪ˱İӣ
飡
һ߷·һӸ߿䣬˸ߵľǲҲҪˡ߱ϣǰҪˣŴƬȺһ˲Щѹ֣ǰǲϵĵȥźڿлһ˻ƵߣȻȥʧ·İ롣
עⱣԼͬʱ߽ضŶ棬һϣһǿ߾Ȼȫ
飡
֪ʲôʱͻȻһӰȻĩβԷ˫Ѫɫ˫̲֮סһ
·Ԫܣʵļҡ
Ļδ꣬Ѿȷ˹Ŀһǰһе߰Χϣͷ·Ǹ߿յһ˶ֱӹѺ棬ҪӳȥֻһԼķʽܵˣڶֱַӴӸ߿ȥȻ㹻õĻпܽǸ˵ĽܱȱԷֱɱҪǿˣ
Ŀٶ죬Щ赲ǰ߸˿ûз֮ͱԷһȥ
飡
ͻȻһӣ˵ǰȻ͵سŶӳȭͷ˵ȭͷڿһεӲӲͬʱ˼
ͻȻӹȻٴһȭſܻӳŶԷûзӦȻʹˮ
еĹų䲻İڶԷؿڣͻȻһըӵ嵹ҺñǰסĻԼӼпֱܻӵ䵽ϡ
ۣ
һ촫ϮĿؿڱըһѪܵĶڣѪ˿ںܴѪⷭɣԿ˿ڵɭɭ׹ǡ
˾Щܸ˿ڵʹ࣬ͷ·ûһ㣬ǵͷãȻһԼϵ˿ڣȴȻ
ûϵ˿ڣͻȻٴγΨһŮȥӶԷҲ֪˼۸
Ტδţɫͫ׽ضųĶ֣붯֣ǰһӰѾ˿ǰ


ٰʮ ںϹ
ĸŨϷһ޴ƽ̨ϣϸһֱ쵽ߵĺУһɾ޴˵Ŀ⣡
˿ϷѾվȺһϸϣս쳣ļңǿ߼ʮǿȴֱӽͨ߸
Ŷʿܵļս㳡ʱˣе߶оԼܵвʼųĺгȥֻҪԼܹ׼ҵ˲䣬ȻֱӽУôԼͰȫˡ
һԵȵ¾ǿ߼еĴߣĶʿǸɱ¾ϵ˴ϵȥǱɱƽ̨ϡ
飡
һʿܺݺݵײ֮˲ֿؿڴȵԼĿǰǿߵʵӦԶǿ߻Щ
ӣ㾡ȺĵطȥֻҪһп϶ǾѪгȥ
Сĵ㣡
ҲѶϵˣӦȻᳯһȥ̸˽еΣ
ԽԽ࣬Ⱥһͷӿȥڳǿ⣬߶ܹڿɷУֻܹƾڿС
ӵ˺սʹڼĿӦȻЩѣĿʼһ˿©սǰ˳׼©ȳȥȻѪʧ
˾ȻĳѪУ뵽˵е˵ѪҺ˲ˣԷĳɹ˿µϣ
䣡
ɽ鱩һ˲䣬еͻȻһǿƱø
˵ĹСִģĳͻ£жʿֱӱƬڤʯĸһ
䣡
·ǻɽ緢Ⱥڱһ޴Ļڣʱе߷ˣȿֺĳĶȥֻҪԼͰȫˡ
һӿȻֱһѪУһʱѾѪ
ԶսڿͻȻйâһȻڷɶڿͻȻγһվλ
·ڲϳѪһӿţĳһ˵˫ֿʼϵر仯̶˲䣬һɴĿĹâ˵ӿ֣ǿͬʱʩչĻⲨ·ɫ󺧡
ãںϹ̧ͷϿյĹâɫ˲ѿںϹͿֱȴڿֱʹã»ֱӽǰĹ㳡ݻ١
ȻҲǷһ仯ɫ󺧣ʼŵĳŶ澡ͷȥԭȻ˴˿Ѿϣܵвʱ뵽ľǱסԼ
ԽԽ·Ķʿܻڲϵ׷ɱߣ˵ӿѪɫĹâ·ûһ˿Ĳ
ĳһ̣˵忪ʼܲס־޴ҲҵĲƤͣѪܱƺʱбըĿܣ
ͣըһ˲䣬޴ĹڱͶƮƮһĿ̫
һɾ޴Ŀֻ˲ӿ·ÿһ˵壬˿ֲĻǰ˵һθܵĲ
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޴ĻͫвϷŴȵ𴭲

ĳһ̣ԺͻȻһ󱩶Ȼ̧Դ쳤Х·ڴ˿˲䰲ֻһڲϵź
Ҳ
ԺͻȻһڣȻһǿӿȫ˲俪ʼŴһ˲ħ޴ӿȫȻĸ첲ʼٵͱ֣һֱİ˫ͻȻһ˲ѪɫȻΨһһ˿Ҳʧ˵ǵ쳣ֲ
⡭ֵܣûмħӣЩȵĲ֪룡˿̵ģʵֲ̫Ҫ֮ǰ˽⣬·ˡ
̧ͷĿһڼ׹ĹţеѪɫâԽԽǿԼ˴˿̴λãҪֱӴͨȻѪмǲܵģ
ͻȻһƣһǿ˲佫Ʒ˳ȥ˵Ƥһ˲䱻ԶѪУʧ
Žߵľ޴ţ·ʵõֱӱѸʧڿռУǿҵĹâӳճ˿ֻŵı顣
ڹ㳡ΧѾ׵뵽ң˶ȫû˵ֿ־
һ׽У̧ͷգ޴ĹâӳϣͻȻһ˿Ȼɫ
ٻģ


ٰʮ 
Ŀռ䣬Ѫɫ磬û⣬ûˣûнֻһɵĿռ䣬·ʱ䶼ڴ˾ֹˡ
ռ·һ磬ûʱĸһѪɫҲΪŵ綼һƬѪɫ
ûеƽһ룬һȥǴѪɫĿռ䣬ƽߵľͷ
Ψ֤⴦ռڵλãһʵɽֱһʯʣԶһʯأˡʯǰŻᷢʵʲôʯһʵĿ˵ɽ
ɽԲʮһʯֱ죬ɽûκεĲľֻо޴ʯһ·Ȼ֪ɽеĺҲˡ
û˷ɽĶ˵ģǹܹĿ⺣Ѿףָ߶һ硣ΪҪֻһ־ԵĽֻĶ
ɽ·ƽϣ˵һŵӰڽ֮ȫ뵽˻˯С
ʱ䲻֪˶ã˻۾Щãǰ磬˺ܳʱ׸ղŵ׷ʲô顣
Ỻ۾оϴʹüͷ΢΢¶һ˿ɻʵΧĻɨЩĴ⴦ֵĵط
һԵҲ۾ͬһ˿ǡӦǽѪУ
ûԷĻĴѰңܿ죬оһĨҡ
ӿı֣˶ԷʲôͬΧɨһ飬ӵɫҲѿ
ǡûн
ܣЩŵĺԸԷĻ߻Χһɨţ˿̴Ѿ˹ܹߵ߼ֱٵĿ
ڽϿȵʱ˵ĹģƺƵߵȴһ򣬾˶ϿȵŨ棬ڽ˲ǧˣбɱˡ
пʵЩһʼ˴緢˲ǵڼЩˣǿԸоӦþǴ˵еΪŨҪϼʮֹеĻԼʵһ
˺ĴǰһеʱԶͻȻһڣѪȻѪۣγһžЦɨ·˾ͷ·ڿһȺϡ
ھֵһ˲䣬ֻоȫһ᲻˿һ̹ȥĤݵĳ嶯
ӭǽռ䣡ҾףǿԳΪ֮񣡡
ƹϵ͸¶һɲɣңԶʣȴʵʵÿһ˵Ժл졣
֪ÿһĿΪʲôȻҲÿһʵ룬ȻͨеĿܹߵǾ֤Ƕʸʵˣ
ǿߵĻ˵ϲ¶һ˿˷ܵĹʣȻԷ˵ʸ˵Ҿ֮Ҫྡˣ
Ȼ¶˷ܵɫȴû˵ҿڽΪž˵ѹôҲһս˿
ȻǳɹִôһһƽĻᣡǰɽݣҲ˵˳ɽһ·Ҳܹȥ
ҪĻǾ;ɣÿһǵٶȾͻʮһ׵ĸ߶ٶȿܽʮǵףٶȿܾҪﵽʮԣΪ˻øߵǾҪϵȻֱӷĻΪܹߵĽȻʮٶȣҲ˵˵ǼʹǲϵȻռʮٶȣ
ҪŬɣλһ֮ռὫԶͳϿȣȻڴ֮ǰҪһ䣬ݿɲôģ
֮ͻȻɢڿռУеѪһںϣռٴλָƽ״̬
ȵʧ֮˶뵽˶ݵͣͣƺ˼ԷĻ
·һ˲ȫʼӳŵݳȥȫɫѪ죬ӿһĨɫ
ʵڴôã󲿷һϵ֮еһѹŲѹӣܿ˱ΪܲסѹֱӵصˤڵأҵĲ·Ǹղžʮֲֿ顣
̶̲ӵʱ䣬嵽ϵȫʧȥһصˤݵϣûκε
֮ǰһǿߣҲ˽׵ľҲܲסǹѹӵˤ
޵ĿռУһӰһѪУϰ㣬˺ۣ˫Ŀ΢գƺڻ֮С
һԣѪص࣬ĵӰվ࣬۾ض·Ѫе꣬û֮ǰĵ˿̸ÿһϵľȻһĨ޷εļ
֮Ƥ΢΢߽ض·Ѫе꣬г˲˼顣
壡Ȼǲ壡һˣǵһˣڿ뿪طˣ


ٰʮ 
һ磬ֻѪɫɫ˿һ۾һ궯ɱ¾ĸо
ռκεĵƽߣûб߽磬һȥȫһҰտûб߼ʣңԶʣػһ𣬿ǵأ
ΨһһĿı־ǴڿռλõֱɽΡͦΣ˵һɽʵϸһΪɽûһֲеֻǾ޴ʯ飬ͷɽ
˿ɽϣɽĲӰ
Ӱ𽥼٣ͷ·ǽһֲ·࣬ԽԽ٣һֻＸǧ֮ҲûӰһƬã
簲ž·뵽˳˯ȫɽҵλãȻϯضĿ
ھɽ¶׵λϣһٻӰϥθ߶ҲǾۼȽϼеλãֻܹڼϣǿľѹѾǲܹܡ
۾΢գѾһˣһµʱѾʧʵʣµʱȫпޣ
ټϣ׺εľ룬һ΢ֵӰһͻʯϥһһֱӣһ·
һ׹ӻ۾̧ͷɨһʣȭͷһʵ仯
תһˣȷһأʵ٣
ǰƵɽɨӵһĨ𺳣˭Ҳ뵽ǰɽȻһӴڤʯ󣡡
һСڤʯۺ죬ǰƵڤʯȴһ㸩أ뵽⴦ɽ̲صڤʯָеϢĸо
ͷһǰһľ޴ڤʯԼڤʯϴǿ֪˿ҲѾΪԴӽϿ֮ռ̺źǿˣȫΪڤʯɽԵʣԽΧԽǿӲ²⣬ǰɽڤʯ硣
ֻϧֵûڣ
ЩźҡҡͷȻ˽ʶãȴʮϲˣ˱Ͼһ·ƴģûн룬Щꡣ

޵ĿռУһ޴Ѫƽɫľ棬κεˮ沨
һСѪУ˫Ŀ΢գԭ˺۵˿Ѿ޸ֻǲ֪ԭֱûѡ
ѪرվĵӰ˵ȫϣƺ̸ʲô
λ𣿡˳˵һĨ˷ܣʵһΪ
һˣԴϴǸһｫǷӡѾһˣԭΪҲ뿪⴦ĵطû뵽ǾȻĵȵӵвʵˣֻҪܹףһ֮Ȼʵﵽ߼𣬵ʱһ԰ͻķӡٺ٣ʱǾͿ뿪⴦ηˣ
Խ˵Խ·ѾԤϵõδ
׷˽꣬Դ֮һֱ̼ǵõ緢ƾ̶̲վߵ۷壬ᶥ񼶵һˣȻǲܹ뿪ҴδԹ޹ˣͻȻ˵ƺ뵽˹ӡ
٣ϣҪЦˣ㻹Ϊˣʱ򶼲Ը⽫ؾǣǲ̵ĽǷӡʲôˣҿɲֻϽ뿪ط
һĨʣ棬ϣҲÿν߿ˣ½ۼǿ߼ûУҪʲôǿߣֻҪǳȥ֣Ƕǵˣ
һֻվڽеľɫŮǣһòСŮ֣ϵıƽ޲·˵ĻԼ޹أ
ڣҶǵ̸ȤǴȷʵҪȥĻҲԣ
㣬Դīôڤʯɽе˼һû뿪أĺȥʲôӵģīóȥòãСѾͷһı顣
û뵽˶ûкԼ뷨ֻ˶Σðɣλ͵ûнôȻҶ뿪ûκεķǾ뿪˵ɣϾ˭ҲԸһӴһյУȻīõĹϵǵٶҪ첻٣Ӧȥĵط
ȻҶԣôǾСһʵȥɣһȻǲ壬ʵʵ̫ˣҪʹڤʯɽİҲҪˣΨһİ취ʵϳ
ߣǸ˵ļһʿҪǸǧԪһˣīЩ죬ƺЩĽĺ
ѾͷʲôƵģͲҪ屾Ͼһ޴ڤʯĸÿʲôʵͲϵҪƵĿҲǰɣҲһп˵
ðɣҶ֣ҪϻˣȽһʵʼ˵
˵һ£˵ɫͻȻϥڿУıĿ˼ĳһͻȻͬʱ۾Ȼ˫һָĵǿʼڣ


ٰʮ ǿߵľԪ
޵ĿռУ޴ѪرԵĵӰϥΧŨ
ʱ·һ̶׵ľֹˣĳһڿе˻˫ۣгһĨɫĹâ
λ׼ûУǿҪʼˣĻϳ˵һĨء
ܹܲƷӡ߳ɰܾڴһˣλ֣
Żϵһŭȣ˼ͬʱָ·Ѫб˫۳˯꣬Ĺ̺˾ԪͻȻѪӿڡ
ԭԵͻȻʼҵĶɫǺ죬üͷţƺڳܵʹ࣬ܿ죬ȫѪɫ忪ʼͣǷ͵һ㲻ϵʹӱ쳣Ŀֲ
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ĳһ̣ڳܲסǿҵֱϵһѪͻȻѣȻѪӿ˲Ⱦ壬ţϵѪܱѵԽԽ࣬ȫѪɫҲ̶á
棬ӳ־ȻΪܲסһԵĻϳȵŬάԪ롣
˷ֹȷ濪ʼάľϵƿʼ𽥱ȶ֮忪ʼ˴
˿̵ͷ·һͣ죬Ԫ룬忪ʼ޸ϵƣѵѪܺ;Ҳʼ޸ֻ޸ѪԽԽ׳֮ǰֱ֮
ĳһ̣ͻȻһҫ۵Ĺâ𽥱˽ɫԺԪٶȱԽԽ죬ͷ·һĺ࣬Χ
˴ΧͷϷŷ˱仯ͷ·һһתȻֱɽ塣
ȻҲǷֱ仯˿ЦһȻǲ壬СС֮˵ǿȻûбɵ壬ΧԪջΪãλǼӴԪɣҵҪСһܹն
䣡
ĹɾԪɫȻڿ𽥻ۣһּķɽ壬һԲĴθ˶Ԫ徹Ȼû˿ĸı䡣
˶Ԫһܵʱ䣬һܵʱȻûѹֻһ޵׶һ㲻ϵΧṩľԪά£ȻŸı䡣
һܺĳһ죬ڻ۾һܵԪԴӶԷϿһĨƣ̬ӼʹǶǿ˵άһܵԪҲһЩѵ顣
һܵʱ䣬Сһڱǳ׵ĸɹˣû뵽ǱȻǿһܵԪһʱ屬Ѳ㱬ڿֱӵΧǿԪ˵˿̵Ѿ׵ıһ޵׶ȥԪᱻѸٵգ
ǿѾǣλҿҪǶóˣ
Żϵ£ɫһ㶣ɫӵĵ˵ͷ
һְɣ
Żϵ£ͬʱ֣ǰĿռͻȻһ仯ȻһƵĿռ䣬˵ĲǰĿռͻȻһӿȻռ侹ȻƾճһУһ˸Žɫľ޴ŻӿռƯ
޴Ľɫųֵһ˲䣬һɾ޴˲ϯ磬еǿȫоĲľ޴ٴᵽ˾Υľĸо
һ޷ֻܹĤݵѹɫųֵ˲䣬ƺȫܵǹǿ󵽲ɵľѹ
䣡
ڴ˴е˸ܹᵽĲ˸ֱȫӲӵˤȫһ̧ͷĴѰţǹκη
ǿߵԪǣѹֲ˹
ž޴ľųֵһ˲䣬Χɫڲƽ񼤶ǰ
ǿ߾Ԫ
૵һĨ嶯ܿͱþɥ
ǿǿ֮˾ȻûһԴУѵⶫֻܹӵв˲ſԼ̳𣿡
ڵЩξɥԼĿĻţԼֱӽǿߣֻϧܹԼںϣǿĻԼ»ֱӱ
Ҫˣͳ˲֪ٴΣܹǲܣⶫֻܹԵˣǰһ¾Ψһ˳ԡ
ϽͻȻһ֣ǰеĽɫԪǻ½ȻһֱӴ塣

˯еͻȻһΣ˺ѷεź˲䴫ռ䣬þûص
ͿСһĻԵˣǸĶˣǳ棬ֱӱǿͦһƼɵҪԼˣ
άֽ׶Σֵܹһ


ٰʮ 
ĿռУʱˮ㻮ʱĸԺзĿޣ
ת֮һʱһζѾһʱ䣬ռ۵λãһһɽһֱʣ֮󣬿ġ
ڵ֮ϣӰЩһνе˶ܹɹߵ޼һ˵ЩȡһҲΪ
֮һ֮ǰе߶ѾһĽλҲѾ׵ľ룬֮ǰһһʮ־˵Ľ
Ȼÿһ˵ֶǲͬģһԺЩֵǿѾǧףֱӳ嵽ǧ׵ľ롣ٶҪɽ¸߳ٱֹ
̣ĳһ̣еͻȻһâȻһӰͻȻƾʧ뿪˵Ұ
ŵһӰʧɽʼӦһӰͻȻƾʧ뿪ռ䡣
һӵʱ䣬ͻȻһ˲ȫ뿪˵ݣһ˵ʧռٴλָبŲž
ϿΧһʱȻѾ֮٣ٴμһ֮õ֮һ
һٴվ̧ͷԶɵϿȣϵıƽ޲һʱ䣬ȹġ
С㣬ǹ۲쵽ϿȵķӡԽԽƺк£ƣҸӼ㣬ǽѾһˣ
һҵĻǰ
ͷ뿪ڣǰĿռͻȻһǿҵĲȻһɫӰϿ˿ڵľ޴ڱ׷˳ص˥ڵϣ˼ȦȻͣӣЩɻ̧ͷһΧĻǰǵϤľ޴ʱ˵ϲһĨ
ڡˣ
Ŵ˵Ļ£ռͻȻҲȻһȺǺˮ㱻Ŵкֱ䵽˵ϡ
һ䵽վЩɻĴΧԼѾг˵ı鿪ʼøеʧе˷ܣеź
ԭ޼ƽϣͻȻӿֳļϿȺдһȫԶ˳ݵٴα
˳֮߾ȺвϵѲӣһ˵ɨȺвϵɨӣܿ߼ȺеһŮϣæܹȥϧȴûзӰһĨǣæŵʵأôûг
ϵıЩѿһʱѾϴƽһ仰ǸϤӰٴνԺУĵͻȻһʹ
𡭡
Ļûн꣬ѾӶԷԼҪĴ𰸡һˤڵأҺñæסŲˤ
ֵǸӣҲҪٱˣϾܸ

ĿռУһӰϥ뿪Ѿٴιȥһʱ䣬һʱڣƺ뵽˳˯Уܲκεʱš
ϴӵһֱֱڱŵɽϣɽ״ϵıϸյﶥ˵ʱֻʣ½һµһλá
˿ɽˣһݵӰϥΧĿӿȻ
˫Ŀգһһ֮䣬ΧѪǿڣȻɱԪʹʵ
ٶȼʹһ룬ЧȻ·ЩɽλÿԱġ
ʱ䣬˵ı仯νͷѾ䳤Դ棬һɫס·Ȼϡɵĺ磬һ˿һĨӢ˲
ʶܹǰ˿һ𾪵ĺϲ£죬ΪϴǹϢǻеһĲ
һѭ𻺻۾ƾΧӿȴû˿ı仯ȻվڵĶ˿
Ȼ˾ͳɣ
˫ָͦΣһڷɳɳ죬ԵӢ˲
£ΧǰĿռ仺ȻһٻӰ֣Էֵһ˲䣬ط·ڴ˿̶ɫ١
һȹڿУȹ趯裬ڵס˰գ˿һ۾һҪĤݵĳ嶯
ܿһСɵԴӶԷ¶СѾͷĴǰ
ˣ¶һ˿΢Ц㣬īѾͷˣ
ߣҪѾͷҿɱ곤üǧ꣡ǵСīúܲϲá
ССǰָСѾͷԴûнԷĻ棬ʱ䣬ͼദĻ
׼ˣƺ̫ϰߺ˽ϵı಻Ц
ЦЦֱͻȻճȭͷѾ׼ˣͿԳ԰ǳ


پʮ ĵ
ѪɫŨƣֱɽ֮ϣһӰȻ˫ָڱϵſ졣
ΧУĵӰ˿ͨǷŵУ»Х
У˶֪Ϊް˿ʮ֮˽Ǽȴδһϵ
ЩĴĿҲδ˵ıǽǼ˵ͶӰѣʹˣ˵ͶӰʱȻĸо
ϵģǲµģҪĤݵģƾ˭ԴҲ֪֮Ǽ˵еΪеĴȫ⴦С
ĵۣӵ֮棬ӵл֮ĿڣеϴϣԼڤʯ֮ӣӵн֮īá
˱⴦ĿռѾ꣬⴦յĵطȻʵȴʱ޿̲뷽跨뿪
ߴͣȻתһΧˣһ꣬˭뵽һĵ۾Ȼһط
ʱѾʶȻҪǺī죬ڳȵĻϺͳĻĿڣ𶼱㹻ľ衣
һʽףһʶ˵ʮֺ⣬ԷԼʱڽʵҪڹؼʱ뿪⴦ĵط
λˣ׼ʱԿʼ
ڿںͻǰ𱣳㹻𾴣Ͼ˶ǻ˽Ĵڡ
𣬴˻ƴȫ⴦ռķӡ򿪣ȻҪľǵȷӡһֵʱ͵ڵĲӡн򿪡
ɫ࣬ԴĿʹڵʵԼǿߣȻеһС΢Ĵڡ
ϱ鲻䣬һȭڴ˷ģԵ
ģӵԪǴУڸǲ壬ʱܣӡֻӵвˣʱֻҪǰѷӡ⿪ͺˣһԵĻϳ˵
ͷһ࣬Щǰ֪͵˵ĵ
λ׼ãһҲˣڵתΧˡ
˵ͷڲŴЦһãպܷ߳ɰڴһˣ
ৣ
һĸλúΧ£ڵɽΧǱΧ£λáһķ
̣
˼ͬʱ֣ǰ̳һǿһڲϻǿ
վɽλøһĨʹԼڵʵʵķԽͬʱʩչȻеһӴһĸо
ʱһ̿ţĳһ̵ǰһ̶֮ڷѾȫԪ˳ȥ

ĹӴڿͻȻۣȻ̱һҫ۵ǿâ̲ס˫סȵĹâҪϹ˫Ŀ
ۺĹ쳣Ӵ˲ִʣȻеıըδ𣬴ĿĹڿоȻ̫һ㲻תΧڵסصѪɫŨʼˮһöϵŹۡ
ӿѪӿǰһ󷭹ȻͻȻһѪɫƣѪߣҰеѪԽԽ࣬϶ʧ¶ľȻȫһѪƣЩѪǡһ޴ķӡͼ
ĳһ̾޴ĹͻȻѣȻӡʼҵĲƺʱҪѣΧĿռ俪ʼòȶǿӿ˵վɳɳ졣
СӣˣܲܳȥͿˣһ˫֧ǰĿռ
ɫأͷϷѾӴֵķӡɨܹо˿ӿжǿһǿ߽涼ֱ
Լ˿ûѡһһ˲ڿУΧĿռڽӴʱȻɢԣȻ̵תһط
վڷӡǰͻȻԼСĿоӷӡϴѹ¹ĳ嶯
·һżڴУ˫֣ʱ鷢ˣ˫־Ȼ׵̽ӡ쵽˶档
ɫһʶһֻ֣Ȼ˫ץסеѪɫѪһȻһ޴Ŀն̺ſֲѪƷӡȻǰ綹һɡ
ǰĿնǺӿŵĿռһ˷ܵתǰˡ
λ׼ûУ
Ļո£ǰ𳶳ĺڶͻȻһǿȻֱӽ·ڶʧûУ˲ʧռУһٴλָ˰


پʮһ ռ䴩
Ͽȡ
Դһǰеʧ֮Ͽٴλָ֮ǰ̰״̬
Ȼǿڿഫħ죬ȻдΪʵעһصĵ
ڽ겢ӣûκһӰ
ϿΧУռͻȻһ󲨶Ȼһ޴Ŀռڶ֣ӰƤһֱӱӿռڶ˳
ڿлһʱ䣬˲ŻͣΣЩĴΧĻ
Ǹյд˽ĵһһľ͸©һΥиС
벻ǾȻĳˣҿؼˣĳһ̿ͻȻ쳰ЦʹѾ֣ڵȻڼɫΧϵɨš
ȻϵıεĺܺãȻԷһ˿ܹٴ߳µʱ䣬ʹǿȻڼ
㣬𣿺Ư
īС˵Χľɨɨȥתֲ֪ٴʲô⡣
īԴڤʯɽһֱУһжġ
λڰôҪҪ֣½ǵģڵͻȻӿһĨɫ·Ѿڽ²Ρ
ҶԴɱɱ鲻Ȥֻڴ½ߣȾܾ˿ڵĽ飬ʵԸһӣӨӨһе鶼̫Ȥ
Ҫ㣬ȥҾȥģīæǰסȹƤɰģôѾǧˡ
ˣûô׳־ֻһĵطϣҲûдӦڵĽ顣
˼ͬʱܾԼĽ飬ڲδȻ΢ЦؽתƵϡ
ȻʵڻԺһ½ѾǶ֣ôûȤҴһ
æһȭڴˣ²ʤΣСӽ껹ʮ꣬Ҫ²ܹͿڴһˡ
ȻҲܾԼҪ󣬿ڵһĨ⣬һţЦĿˡ
ðɣȻλȫȤǾʹ˱ɣҪȥԼؿЩû水˵ȥǺڣ
˵תʧԭأû˿ˮ
ſʧӰͻȻһ˿ֲɵȴС
ҡҡͷԺеĲ˦ɳȥпЦһԸԼˣ
˶ԼİȻһɷ֣ǲò˵˳׵ĳɾĿǰʵȻ˳ɹ˻ʮ𾴵ġ
λʲô㣬СӻҪϻؼˣ𹧾˵Լ뿪ȻҪͼ֪һ
ҪȥԼһˣ֮Ҳڴ·߰ɣϳԺľ
濴һǰͻȻڵ½
ͷĴ½ңԶһط磡
ͻȻڣǺãҸһ𣡡
㵵һ˲һԵīͻȻЦٺ٣һ·ܵи򵼺Ӷ˰ģ뻹
ЦԭԷԼһµģ
ˣλǺڣϽҲʧԭء
һʣµŮӣȻ˵𲻸ҹά˸ŮûʲôһǶʮ߰ŮӣһʮСѾͷһȻɣһƤɰ顣
λǲǿˣˣֵǶԴһźš
Ҫȥ½Ļ»Ҫһʱ䣬ǵǲҪķħˣٶӦܿһ㣡
ͻȻתһȥīЩĿʵҪȥģ
㵵תǱ·λĪҪɢ·ɣҸϻؼ廹ҪҪ
īʯһӵһת¶һ˿ζЦ⣬ѵҪ·磿
һȻı飬ҪȽ뾭ɽԭһȥɽһ˵ģڿûʱˡʹˣǿҲҪһµʱ䡭
ͻȻһ˵ز˲ʹƽˮ涼¶һ˿ɫ
Цôˣѵλ֪ʲôݾɣ
īͻȻָǰռ䣬ֻǰĵطȻˮһ㻺ȻһһͨĿննӿ֮
ѵ㲻֪ռ䴩ȻʵڲԲٿؿռ֮ٿԵֿռĻ֮īСԴһѵ󱲵
Աһīֺı飬治ݸڽǴӿռи·ԼһʱͿߵڣ
۾һЩ˷ܵ˵ҲǵóģȻķǾȥɽһ˰ɣ˳δѣ


پʮ 
ɽ
֮ǰɽı仯ƺЩ󣬴Ҳû˴ϢȺ
ɽϵȫɫҴңϵı鲻Цƺʲô־һ
ɽһҿ͵һ¥ĴȻ˳緹˵ȴʶ֮ǰȫĵͷԷżСĽͷӶһԭڴһԣһ̵ʿĳԷдţܹ֮
һ˵Уȴû˵ҷһʱЩ졣
͵ڴӰֱ߽һһſ߹ȥƺûзطĹ֮
λ͹ҪԵʲôһԵĵԱǰк߻ĵɨһ۶
ٺ٣ֻҪܹ¸ҵҪɽʲôţƵģȻҪƾһ֮ԿֱԲ̸֮ȫûнΧ˷УƺǹΪΧͦһ㡣
Դϴ֮󣬸;ɽΪ𣬾һҵ׼˫ȫ濪սȻɽҲǸǱǲɽЩ࣡
ٺ٣λǿɽҴС㣡˵ǸŮһأɽܹۡһ׷󡭡
ιɵ˰ɣȻҴСϣܹлһ׷󣬾ٻҲĸԸ
ĻͻȻЦģ֮ţиǳƵ˼
ģʲôȻɽţɽսһһҲɲ죡һԵĲһվŭȵ

ԭĴͻȻð˶һĿűԵŷļѾֹͣ˴ۣ߻תƵ˾ȻͷһϣϴϷʵı顣
վֱԵƺЩԼçײˣЩչ黹ŬάסԼûԼˡԭһļ飬ϵıǲҰס
ৣ
ԱߵĻͻȻһվһЦĳŶԷ߹ȫֹͣ˽ͣĵĹעߵƣȴû˸վֹ
ߺ벻ɽھȻ˲ȻˣǲӦóȫأ
ЦһȻ󻺲վǰӸµɨŶԷг˲мֺ
ǲɽ˹ᣬɽɱӣĪҪΪɽ˶ˣ㣡ӵһ
ƺѾȥˣͻȻŭǳϵı˹ȫһȻı顣
ģ
ŭһͻȻӻгһԷҪɱӺȻ˵ҹȻԼǾǷɽȨ˲
ۣ
еδ絽˵ԴȴͻȻػǻݣ͵ײ˳ȥײɵһǽϣ³һѪҺſſĵڵûϢ
̶һգ۵˲䣬˻δ׷ʲô飬ѾˤڵûϢ
˭
ļλ̳ЩɨܣҪҳ˭֣һܵһ£ڵطıǼ̽̽ȻŶ༸ҡҡͷʾԷѾˡ
ڴը˹ԭֺļһȻһ˲䱻ɱҵ˻֪˭µ֡
ЩɨӣǵȫתƵſڴһŲϣ˿ȫҪ˵Էˣǰһ˾ȻĳŷȫûܵղŵӰ졣
ʲôˣ
һͻȻʵͬʱһ༸һʾԷ䡣
Էѯʣ˻ֹͣ˳Է𻺻е꣬Ȼų˵ǲɽˣ
Ůһˣʱɲ٣оûв֮Ӳ˲١
˭
𻺻Ȼһ֣ԶͻȻܿƵͻȻһץס˶ԷĲ仺档
ɽ˾Ȼſܵɽˣɽ˲С鷳أ㣬ΪҪɽ֣
ɫͨ죬ôȴʼѲ˶ԷĿƣҵ۾ǰ˶ӵʱ򣬾ͻеһǿѹһҪĤݵĳ嶯
򡭡ΪǲɽĶӱɽСɱˣšŬţɫǺ죬϶
㲻˭ڸ㣬ɱģ𣡡
˵꣬һһͷ죬ǰĻֱӵ׶һҪӴܵһӣͻȻһסȻѸȼգһĻᶼûУ̱һѻҽ䵽˵ϡ
һУϵĻҳȻתǰŮЦЦλǵȥɽһˣ
ʧһ۵ϵʬ壬˺һʼ۷׷ףڲ²һ֮ɱķص˭
𡭡𡭡Ҽǵǰɽǧǽ𣡡
Ÿղվһ̱ðȫһ𾪵ĿŸղ뿪ķ


پʮ ɽ鷳
ɽۡ
ɽԵ쳣أۡһƬϣеĻȫɵǰ㳡䣬һڻȽС
˿ɽе޳УѾΧˮйͨһڴ˵ǽ޳еĹڣǸı
ɽȻռݵƣȴվԵȨɽߣݺݵضŶһȺˣӿźεŭƺ޲ǰֱӽȺͱ
ɽĸ氲վǰ겻ȻһŵĴ磬ֻǴ˿̵ƺЩ٣ϵЩңϸᷢʵѾ˼˿ڡ
ʹˣȻƽĽŶһȺˡļУӺȻС
γŮſ
ڶλãͬһȺͬεЩϵؿλãýһġΡ֡
ɽμң
γվ˵ǰϴһĨЦݣƺΪԷĻղѾ֣ȻͬλǿߣǺԣγʵҪǿϲ٣ˣղγռ˲Сıˡ
棬Ǳ˴ҲʶʮˣӦҵƢŮнҵĶӸɱΪһ𣿡
վγμҵļҶѺһŮԷ˿̵ͷЩңͷ˿̵ı顣
γʵɱӣѪˣٺõƢԷĻ̲סһŭֱ֮λ޴ǡ
ٺ٣棬ЩȻŪֻܹίһŮˣ
ޣ
һֱͷĬͻȻǰγһڣЦ϶Ӿɱģֻϧҵʵ㣬ĻھͽʬΣ
ž
γϧһȹȥ¶ʺָӡ
ߣѾͷһܣ
ɫضγŮһ˿ʧҾͬھҲҪμҸӦеʧ
ٺ٣ǵƾҲɽʵ»治ֱܹӽϿ壬ΪһɽжɽĻ𣿡
γһЦһӰͻȻ֣Ȼ䵽γԡ
֣þòˣ
濴ͻȻֵӰϵı鳹׵ıĶǰˡ
벻Ҳγͬˣ
仰ͲˣԷֻǸ㹻Ķļ۸ѡ˵źӪĿ׻
ɫЩѿԷʵԼ϶٣ǶԷֵĻ½滹Ļ
ԼɽĶȲ֣Ƥᶶ˶ԭǶǱΪˣϣͬʱɽĪҪΪɽж̰֮
ٺ٣֣⻰ʹˣûǲģֻҪǽɱˣʱҾеǰ취֣ͣγϴһ˿Цݣ͵Цص͡
ĳǴһҲҪǸʹĴۣ
ͻȻȵѾ˽֮ı֡ƣҲҪһ︶ʹĴۡ
֣Ȱ㻹ʵʵİ˵ȥĻҲ֤Ůܵʲô˺γͻȻЦевζʮֵС
û뵽Էռ˾Ƶ¾Ȼ˲ݵ顣
γֱǸûߵͷ
ٺ٣ұ˴˱˴ˣּȻиõķʽͷΪλҪභ
γɫ࣬û뵽ԷΪ˴ĿĶֶΣҫȫˡ
ɫγͻȻЦȻתӱһѽסԷ޳Ĳ
֣ڸһᣬֻҪܹɽƿȨǿԷһԴŮ뿪
ߣҴŮڶ뿪ͻȻ˵һʮ˽⣬͵նݳ͡ǲԼвڵġ
澹ȻܾԼҪγƺ⣬Ľ˽֣еͻȻЩɫǵķۺ졣
Ȼֲͬ⣬Ҿִֻݻˣ
γҡЩŵŭȵ
γ׼ֵʱͻȻеǰռһ󲨶ȻɵΣʶ̲Σյٽʶ嵲Լǰ
γոնãоһϮֵĶֶûп˸ȭ޴˹Ρ
弱ٺˣڵϻȥԶ˲üϵƣγһʱ̧ͷղԼվλã˿̲֪ʲôʱȻͻȻһӰ


پʮ 
飡
ڳ˶һ죬ȻһӰɳһ㱻Ѹٵ˦˳ȥһ·ײ˺ö໤Ȼһ̨ͣ£ʯֱ̨ӱײ飬Էʯ϶С

һ鷢չ̫ͻȻ˶ûзֵ¾Ȼͳ⣬Ҫϵ׷ʲôʱȴķ֣еĲɽγѾԭأֻɽһʧվԭأһãȻ׸ղŵ׷ʲô顣
ɽȷ״ԵģԼŮȻȫվڳУĵһӦǵγײɳȥĳоһĨ
һǿ߾ȻֱɳȥǺ˸ɵģ
һֱվγԵɫŵɨΧղγһ˲䣬ԼȻûиоκεǺǿ߲ܹǿߵǰһУ
ৣ
һԵʯУγ͵طɳȻٴηɻص㳡Уվǰ̧ͷɨܣɫ䣬˭˭ɵģ
㳡ʱ뵽˰УڻصγܻҲɻղŵǺ˳֣Ȼһоͽһǿ߸ɳȥ
γĻ²ãǰĿռͻȻһӰǰûκεԤףͷ·ƾճ֣Χٴηһ󾪺
ӰһӣǾɫŮһŮʳ˼̻һ飬Ƥɰ˵ĳУʱôҺĴڡ
Ȼ˳ֵһ˲䣬ͬ˽߽ضϣŲͬ
ԭվӿֵʱϵı鲻νʣϲ⣬ɻԼ޴˷ܡ
ˣû
૵ǶһԵӽ
ȻֵܣҾ֪㲻ӺٺЦһĨ˷֮ɫ
֪ʱ䲻ֵܵʵΣʱúõдһ
Դ˳ֺ߾ͽͣڶԷϣȻǰǵϤӰֻ˿˵Ʊˣøӳ죬һۣһ˵ĳȰ
ͷˣ˵ķɫҲ˽ɫ۾ֳƣ䣬Աһ˱
ˣû䣡ֻȻصǸ𣬵һŭΪգΪ̶ϧ֮⣬Լ˲˹ģʱǿҵĳӴԺҲʽ߽ġ
ʱ䣬ʱǨڵ·ٴֻ֣˿̾ȵԼ
뵽ϲ¶һĨײĻȣԭɪɪҲ𽥵ȶ
γͬҲڶӿֵ𾪺;ϲһ˿ɻɻղγɳȥҪ֪γǿߣдһ꣬ʵҲӦúһļǿҵʵѾǰ½ǿߵС
Ȼ㣿
γɨնϣϴȻҹɽɽۡ˲ЦʧΪҪγϴεƲʣµڽʯӦþϡ
һԵɨȻ¶һ˿Ц⣬ŲſһԵγ
θþò벻㾹ȻﵽôԶĵطˣϴǽٲƣ̣Ȼأ
𰵰ָĻγһμᶨϴε¼ʧڽʯһС
ϴεĽʯٰйأ㻹Ҹ֣ۡɱ벻һ㾹ȻеҼ棡
νİڰ֣ˣǸˣɱãɽ޹أԷŵԷСŮʲôҺ㵥
˵ʲôγɫͻȻһضǰ¶һ˿˼飬ѾЩĻˡ
ΪɽѾͷʵҪɱԼĶӻ㣬ǰһǿԺԼԻȫ˵ģԣɱԼĶӣֿܣ
˵ģȻѾͬ˶ԷĻγʶٴʵ
֮ìܱͲɵͣĶӸԵɱҲɱûʲôù˼ɵģ
ԵŮӸһ飬ɫȻƺһжԼ޹ϵʱһԵīúתƺʮָȤ
γɫ׵ȫ˸ղſɳȥʵضǰ

һ֣ԣ


پʮ ʵ
ȻҵԼ˽γϲһ˿ɻ˽⣬ûӵˣˣȻʹһ̡
߽ԵŮɨγûиоϵԪ˵Ľ䱸Ҳ˲١
γٴνתƵϣȻ׸ղԼηɳȥģΪһûʵ
Сӣ벻û㽲󻰵ı쵽Ǽǣǰܽ׷ɥ֮ȮȻ޻֮Ҫ֪ھԵʵǰ˵ֻȡ裡
γĻոս꣬ͻȻԭʧղǰӣھȻ֪ôɱӺҲǸѡ
Сģ
ͬһʱ䣬ͬʱǺܿǾͿ˲˼һĻγμ˲ǰ޻һȭһԴȥҪһԵʤԼ
γ̴ˣԭΪһʧȫȻڼʱͻȻͣͣγȭͷͷ·ǱһѼڿУʼնܹƶֺ
γͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⣬͵һɣһεԪɢγֵ壬Ǳһɾ޴ĹⲨУһƤһ㲻ܿƵı˳ȥ
һΪǽĳײγɳȥμֱϴλҪأֱԽȺײһ޳еǽϣһѪ˳Ȼſſĵڵϡ
һУ
м֮
㳡ž
˶һֲʵĸоԭΪһùˣγпһжмܲס˴۾ǣǵȷǲ¶ˣֻһҲмܲסγ
ԷǱģ뵽Էݺʵٴοʱоͷ·ڿһ
һﾹȻֱӽһǿһдˣҪǣʵֶûгһɢԪֱöԷ˳֡
γشӵվŬԼֵһ㣬ǻΪվֱӣǰһӰͻȻ֣Ȼ֪ĵǰٴԶӡ
˵ģھԵʵǰһеĴ󻰽ȡ裬仰ԭⲻͻ㣡
γɫһ͵Ϯ𣬵ƺͷŶԷٶȾȻγ죬һץסԷ죬Ȼγӷ˳ȥ䵽мĲٴˤӼǱ
𡭡𡭡ߣ
һֻĿɿڴĿ𣬸ղ˵սǵʯǴγ޻֮ͿԿʵһ߼ǿߡ
ߣ
뵽ƺţֻеһڸмҪվ½еǿߣ벻ǰ˾Ȼˡ
ԺлļǵǰһԴǿߣŶ̶ʱ䣬ԷȻһֱֱӳΪߡ
뵽䣬͸еԼЩܿƣһʮ߼ǿߣʮ겻ģǵǸϵͷǰ⴦޳ƴȫǿõĳν
ڣٴսĻ¼ʹսĳƺţȻֵ
γ屻һ˦ɵǰĹ㳡У弸ǡ䵽īõԡ
γվЩĿһͻȻһ˲īԣһѱīãץסԷĲӣԼīõĲ
Ȼ֪㵽׷ʲô֮ǰûЩìܵĻҲܹΪһ޻̸ĺѣȻˣôֻ˵Ǹˣ
һ㵵ĿŶԷϵıйʣһﾹȻֽīøץˣ⡭𲻽ʼ磬һϷ顣
ԡȻû¶һ˿ǵɫγһ˿ɻоƺһΣڳ
Ҫʲôīգа۾ضŶԷȫûһֱвĸ档ǶγΪеЩ档
һСѾͷȻһĶԼγеŭɽһ緢
ģ죡
īãһԵͻȻںǰһĻīûֱӽһ
飡
γĻոս꣬͸оһֵԼȫܿһǿγ˵αײ˳ȥһγûվ
㳡ٴ뵽˹İ˸е췢һʵ̫죬˲ţ


پʮ 
һ㳡ţȫضųгֵˣԺ
ƾʲôҪĻֲ㣡
īò죬ƤɰòһղŽһǿ߻ɳȥ˾ҲЦˡ
һﵽʶһЩʲô˰һԵѾɵˣеԼĴЩ̫ãεҡҡͷЦ
ԷڵϣвϵѪȻأīû֣ûȡԷǸӡ
Цſһγֻԭԩ޳ϴڲɽеĶԹȻҲУҲǶо֮ңĶҲеĳͷ߰ɣԺҪ̤ɽһ
γֻһѪɢ֪ûĻһԵĲɽæǰγĺˣǱ뿪
ҪѾȻһǱ̬뿪ֵֽľȻǰͻȻֵĺӣվԭҲҲǣϵıЩΡ
֣͵˽ɣȻγѾ֮ĶԹʹ˽ҹɣҲɽµѡ͵ĻȻԼɽո˴ѣǼսȥĻֻɽľѡ
Ŷúã֣ʵд⣡û뵽澹Ȼû׷˼æ̨
֣ҿЩ㣬Ҿʱˣʱһٴǰϰݷã
·¶ԷͻȻڣæڽȻתӴܣһ˵ûС
ʵǿγŰѾû˵ֿ
Ҳûдһôתۼʧĸɸɾ޳Цǰڼɨ
λþòˣ
㶵Ŀǰǰ仯֮ˣһʱ侹Ȼû˿ڣջûûεȷӦ˹
СӣҾͲ㲻ڿǵûȻǸ˵ļһ
ЦЦֱ֮࣬ҲΪ˵Ĺϵɽʶĵط˿ԷİѺ󱳽̸Էĺֵܡ
𡭡ֵܣЦһڸγƺ㣬ڵʵӦñǿ̫ɣû뵽Ӧɣ
һ꣬ǰԼнһҰҲǱˣ˭뵽ʱ䣬Ȼ̥ǣ˷츲صı仯
ǽͺãҲ˶ԷеΣȴкҵλѣīã
˵ֽתƵϣ㣬һ겻ֱƯˣ
ɫͻȻһ죬ô˿޹ԼƯᶼǺ⣬һԼҲ֪ΪλΣҲŲ
Դ֮ͽһֱضڶԷϣͻȻһ׵ĴγоԼٵһ仰Բɽվڶǿһ㣬һӣơ
˼ʱͻȻǰȺ۵Ļɫý
˵ĳڣЩȵʵתˣ
Ҳԣԭ½ˣԸѾﵽҲǸ뿪ʱˣǣǲ׼Сһʱ𣿡
ЦŽ͵ҳʱѾܾˣлкҪҪȥԿ²ܶˣպʱܹٴεУһٵɽţ
ֵʵ̫ˣȻҲȰˣʵҪףɽһֱߣھ˴һĵطһģֱӽռͨȻ½ȥҪȥʮֿ̣Ҫû˽һڽʯҲΪô꣬еܹٴγȥ޼
Ϣ׶ˣлˣЦŵͷȻתۿһˣ㣬ӣкδ㣡
ЦˣԼҲûؼһˣ
ʵỹһ仰ûнԴûϢ֮ᶼ֪Լ˵ԼҪɽһģȻԼǲشڡ
Ǻǣһ˳ԱȫҲȻҾ͸ȥʶһĴ½εİɣ
ͷȻһᣬͬʱһվԶĵ˵ͷϴһ˿ŵЦ⡣
λǺˣ
֮ͻȻһץסӵֱۣȻ˻ƯīҲϣվڿУ·ȥ
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ЦһȻץʧԭء
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·һ󾪺ܹƾڿȻֻǿ߲ܹġ뵽Ůӵ䣬·˲֮¶һ˿ƽʲôʱǿˣ
濴һȻ̧ͷſտҲյŮ̾ϢһȻֽػУȰļ
ӣɣ㲻һˣһעҪξģ
׵Ļڷ˼ǿαװһӵڸ׻ʹ


پʮ ɽĸı
½Ϊ½ƫԶһĴɽɽ½Ե˵Ĳۡ
ɽΪħޱ鲼ټɽ鲼ˣסڴɽΧȺԻ
ڤΪɽǿɣһ㸩ɽ
ڤɽеĳԱٷ֮ʮȫߣɽ˵ѾһɲɵֵΪɽȺУһܹһ߾ͼɽϵȼС
ʱȥˣһƺָյƽÿ춼µʱ䷢ڤڵҲѾı
ɽɽµĳһɽ£ּҵĵ̣ԭּҽǵشһ磬һСļ壬Դӷڤ¼֮ڤڸûмٶּҵĴѹ˵Ƕʱ䣬ּҿ˵ǹĲά裬üβһͳĲѡ
ǰ뺫ڤڵ¿ʼּҵΧˣǾϷɹʱͻ䣬ӰԱͻȻ֣뺫شǴ˱нǿ˻ȥ
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գڤڶνĴϧɳԱɽΧˣҲ˿ڤҪּҵľġ
ͬģڤڵڻδּҵʱ˲ݵ˹ԷΪóɭսȻڤߵʵһǶԷΪóɭսɭû⵹ǵ˫սƽ֣ڤһܲס޴ʧֻó
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ǰɽ˶֪ʲô飬ֻ֪ڤȥμһʲôԶ֮ڤͻȻȫ±ý
仯ǣڤԺʱ俪ʼɽΧɳԱʱ䣬ڤڵĳԱ֮ǰڣȻд󲿷ֳԪֵ˲ţҲһûдﵽ߾ͱڤɳΪ˱Ա
˰һʱ֮ڤڱ㿪ʼĳּҷΧˣһ֮ǰеĹȫһһڤƺϧһҲҪּңΧ̽ӵõϢڤΪ壬óڵĲ֮йؼЩۺĶʵ롣
ǰʱ䣬˫ϽȻּҵһֻȫССɽ£ÿ춼˲ɱ峤ֻҪ˼شӣⵥ
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Ǹеķܾ˳Цȴǰļ꣬ǸǴδ˵ͷ꣬Ǹһ֮ڤдɱķڤ´׷ɱ꣬Ǹּҵһ޿ƥеĸ߶ͬҲجΰѵ꣬һȫеһ˵ϣǸֱͺ֮ˡ
ּҡ

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˿⴦ƽ̨ϣһӰ°ϵĺɫ紵ɳɳ죬ͷ趯¶Ƿӡ
˵һ߳治ٵС𣬼ʱ䲻˿⴦Ѿ˻Ĳԭ
ǿĹҲˮĳˢ±ø಻
վڴ˴Ѿһʱ䣬Զƺƺ뵽˶µĻȥ
ʶʦľޣڤڣɽʦǶ컷ڤڵ׷ɱʦԼеıʹһСʻļ䣬緢죡
ڤڵڤڵɣ߱ɱͬţȱ󲻾еȫɽΧɭ֣ؽͽץɣ洦ã
ڤڣ֮֮ڣڤڲԸԷУ֤

ʱ䣬಻٣ǡʱ䣬ڤڣ׼ӭ׼
˵ͻȻתһ࣬Լĵط侲ĺ޲
һΣҪּ֮쳹ɽҪڤڳڴ½ϳ˭ңǾ׼ӭŭɣ


پʮ ǿƹ
ɽأһȺͬεڷٵıܣϵĶѾ߰˰ˣǼʹˣȴʼûжϵ
һȺ˲ϱܣͬʱĳ۲죬ƺʲô˽ŵĶ
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ϵıЩѿ߽ضǰֵʮˣʵη壬ҪԵӰܹ˵ϸܵһӴԪֿܹġ
ƺ֪˼ʲô¶һ˿Ц⣬ڡһӦøл㣬ΪֻҪܹץס㽫̸ˣұԻ˵ĳϣ˵ԻһӸ߽׵Ĺּҵÿһ˶ǵĸǰ
ΪƾǼ˿Խһ򾡣ֻҪһӳȥţҾ͵ּҵıɣɫŭȵϲԷ
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骵ǰȥɨȻתۿǰƯŮӣһĨ顣
ǻЩˣ׼ߣȥﱨţ
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骣벻ûƺûʲô
ԷĻ·һ㶣ϳԷòʱ˲


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ͻȻóе̽ȫеϣǶԷּҵˣȫڽе飬Ͷվϵǵ΢ЩϤϡ
ɫװͷ΢Щӣγ˫ۣԼĨһɲЦ⡣
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Ȼ𣡡
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ĻУǹϤİϢоԼξУ֪һжģǸһ޿ƥе̬ǿƵĹԼǰ
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˵ǰƾһ֮Կڤڣ벻һﾹȻţ
ôˣһڤɽ̧ͷ
һϵ۷׷׵ӣһζּҷΧˣ˼ȫˣһڤڴӾȻϤļһڤڵĴϣлһλ࣬ƵվȺм䣬ڤǹһΧ£һԣ²Էһڤڵĸ߲㡣
㣡˵ЩŵĿǰˣӳˣͷ䳤ˣʳˣ˱仯١
үүТˣ
һĨһƬһԺлԼڿԹķؼ壬ߵгԼЩˣ𣬲Ƿ
ͺãͺðһԵЩ૵۽ѾĨᡣ
һվԵּ峤ЩӵĿĲǵķˣϸоһΣյϢ
Լİķһл׾Թ϶
֪ΪΣֵһ˲䣬оȻĵһ
תһүүּˣԼòݡǺӰ˵ͷٴθĨϤЦݡ
лˣ齻Ұɣ
תһԵѪǰĿһ۶ԷѪõǵѪ˵
лˣ齻Ұɣ
һ̣Ѫ棬δоԼҸ
ˣתǰһȺɨЩ˵УʶĴģҲʶģδġ
죬ںһսû뵽㻹û뵽㾹Ȼٴðּң
ƽһԼ޹ؽҪ飬Ϥ˶֪¶һƢʱ򣬲𼴽ŭǰס
ϴκ֮䣬νʶ̬һ棬ɱķٵ붷ǿս£һжĴ̼򣬵ǽԼռϵƣѾվŵĸףƲٴ˲١
֮ĶԹ׽ҲˣҪǼֱ練ƣȻҪؼĻҲûа취ֻҪǰɱл£ôǾͻῼһ¸ǼһĿռ䣬˵պ󻹿ԼڴɽӲд
߶ŶԷЦˣ
ı飬ټ϶Է˿˵ͻȻоԼ˼оһֻСԼ̨ǰӵۣ˼ȴûпۡ
㡭
תƵԵΪϣȺҲǶԷʵԼ벻ڤھȻһʵǿߣǲĻǿԽ״½ɵˮ׼
Сӣ̫ţܹ붷ǿսҲҪ֪³
һͻȻһƣȻ̴ȺзɳĵӰϴһˣڤڳϣǴɽļ峤
ϵ̴ĺܺãȻ˵붷ǿ߶Կô͸ǿߣҪܹǿȥ
ǿߣɽеĶǿĿԸһСӣԿԷʮּɵġ
Сĵ㣡һԵѵ
ѪǰվǰҪְȴĶЦЦҡҡͷ
ˣ㰲ں濴žͺã


İ ɱ󶷻
ԷȻǿԸһˣּ߲ȫ𾪣׶ԷΪλ𾪣ʵϣּҵ˸֪ϴɽɱķľٶ
ּ˹֪ǰڤɽϴɱķľٶʱʵǸոսߣʹȥˣЩڴɽּУʵʹǿҲλǿߵĶ֡
̧䣬ƮƮɨһǰˣǴһĨĪЦ⡣
벻Ϊץסǻ±Ǯ
Ҫڣֱɱ
һ仰;ˣʧԭسȥͬʱӣѸٵĳȥ
׼Χ𣿡
ҡҡͷͻȻ˲ʧԭأδ˷ԵһǿͻȻһţ˵ɳȥ
СģǼһ￪ʼˣ
ȵһĨţͻȻʧһ˲䣬ϾͺˣΪѾʵԼ֮ǰƺ˶͹
ڴϵĻոµ˲䣬һִһײȻһǿٴαУ˵ɳȥˡ
һȭһǿߣԷʵǿ˺ֱ̬ĵزѾǲԶ飬ּߵѾĿɿڴ
ৣ
ͻȻ֣˲һλڤڳϵǰԷ۾һ۾ͷ͵Ϯԥһȭӳ˿ûбĳȥ
ȭ
ǰɣ
һͷ촫ȭͷԷĹײȻ˵ע£ȭͷһѷľֱӴԷȭͷȻ󽫶Էȭͷ飬ͷҷɣȭͷ䵽Էؿλá
飡
޻ڵһȭڶԷؿϣٴһͷѵ죬ȻλڤԺյĳϵͻȻһĻȣ󱳶͹ܴһ飬һѪĹͷ屳̴̼ÿһ˵Ӿ񾭡
ۣ
ǿһŶûз嵹ɶȻײһǽϣ崩Խʱǽѣ̮ڶԷϣм׷ɣ̱̮ǽҲûκεϢ
һǿ߶̶˲ʶǿʵû˿ĳתӣκμս˼ȴԷܵĻᡣ
˫Ȼһ˲ԭһΪģĸͬʱ˲𾪵ĳеԸӣڤһּߵˣȫĿɿڴǰһУЩӦ
ġĸ𣡡
Щ𾪵ĺּбȽ˽һֻСʱԶЦˡֻû뵽̶겻ʱ䣬ͱ˾˵ǱֵһԪķֱԾţΪڿһ֮󶷻ʵǿߡ

μоκˣ֪ǰ굽˶ĥѣһҧŹǣϵľĥڳɳΪоּû¶ǲ׳
һɬųеȴѾκˣǰѡûѡУȻʱδֳκεлһСĸʱΪּҵ峤ǲҷɰԼҪ
ʱ䣬ʵ۷ȭʦɳΪڵһԭѾΪԼ츳ʮֲǵٴγֵʱŷԼ֪Ѿ˾֮ˣڵѾݺݵ˦
˵ĸѾŽʣĸǿ߷ȥıǽضסڤڵĴϣƽȴһ㱡
ڶԷУǧڳɹѣӴԺʼеģһʱȥһƺ˷ǡ
ϵΧɨѾ֮ǰĵݣһɱһǿ֮󣬴ϾѾ鲻Ծ
ৣ
˵棬ûһҧٴγȥֻҪɱı壬ķȻҲͲơ
Ԫ𲨣
һֱʩչԼǿһǿľ񲨶ɢһҫ۵̫¡
ԺХĹû˿ִӱѪħƮƮһӳȴ·̺޾¡
ŭ
䣡
һ㣬˸ŽĿ񵶾ȻеĹһֳ룬Ƕ·˵ĳԶˣŹɢĿĹ⻪ҲʧеǴϵɴ˫ۣƺʲô𾪵顣
ۣ
ͻȻһѪԴϵԴϻȻϵͻȻһΪ˵עſſĵ˵ϡ
ۣۣۣ
ͬʱҲͬʱ༸˵Ķǿߣ̶̲һӣɽλǿߣһУŽתһԵڤصλϡ
ڤ벻˵ã


İ ֮ս
̶˲䣬ɱǿߣеֻоһ֮ӣ·ǱһֻоӵĶ߶סĵһɹɺ͸ȫ
ڤٴγΪ˵Ľ㣬ȫ鲻ԽĽͶڤеλصϣʵ϶ڴɽе˵˾ȻЩİƺδôһ˳ڴҵҰСƾ˭Ҳ뵽ԷȻɽڤڵ
ߣڻȺվ˳۾ض
벻Ϸչص⼸ʮУɽоȻһλ˲õ˲ţ˵ƺ֮ǰڤеĵӣڿȻǵϹۣ֪нĳɾͣ¾ǵɱͬţҲӦһֻ۱һֻ۲Ŷԣ
仰ĲǿʵҲһ˿ϧϾ𱾸ǳڤڵһûгΪڤ׷ɱͽƾ츳ƱػΪڤԻ͵һˣֻϧû
νʼ磬ܿϧһж
ûȤȥ˼ǵûзһʲôΣԼڤڵìѾɵ͡˫òݡ
ܹɵɱǿߣʵѾﵽ۷嶷ʵļɣʵѾﵽߣ
仰ʱ˿һɬԼ뱲ӲŽͻƽ߼𣬿ǰ䲻ʮ꾹Ȼһǿߣ뵽˭һֱĸоܴ졣
ҲһܹĳʵӦǿ߼ˣƽ˵ɶԷܹоԼԪʵϵ˫һ𣬶ܹһ˿˿ϲһЩο֮ǰǷָߵɱǿߣʵò¶ܹĳ
ʮߣ˵ȥ¾½䶯ɣȷʵõ˲Сļǽ궼²һʮߣ۵ɫƽƺں죬ȫûжԹҪö˼
ΧĿɿڴڽ̸ߣֻ½λõǿ߶˵ңɼǽԼȻһĿλһλȻʮ꣬Ҫǽȥ»˲䶯½硣
ڤһɫҰȣּߵɫҪ࣬𾪣ϲ˼飬ܵĻɡֱӦоС
ȻѾչһ֮ìҲѾɵͣԣ֮չҪһģ
۵ͻȻڿУɫɨ·
Ϸոսһ࣬û뵽ȴܹͬȸһսĻᣬԭΪڤڴǰ;ȴû뵽һؾΣ֮սһս
ЦһҲһԾڿƽ˱˴ʮ׵ľ룬ŶԷ
ͷһĪӣһȭͿֱӺɱ
һվڽеīò죬ƺǰһʮֲð
īãҪ
һԵæסСѾͷĸ첲ʲôçײ飬ʵԴӺĬĬվУûκ˵⡣
īЩĶ죬վԣ鶯Ĵ۾תתȥƺʲô顣
һԵһڴգӿһڴ֮ɫ
֮սɲ׾ͼģ
еû·˵ĸۻ쿪˫֣оȻ𽥳һѷͽɫâı˵ڴ˿̼
ͬΪߣҼʶһȫʵɣ
ԷĻͷ֣ͬӿֳһȼյıʵһ˲䣬Ϊ֮ɫ
һһŭ
г׳ֵһ˲䣬۾͵һȻܹѽĲ֮
ϣòûиӵĿֱϳ˫սһ磬һֱǰ̬
ԷһǰĹͬӿһĨʡ
˼ͬһʱʧԭأȵдһײ죬˲ſ˵建ڿС
䣡
򵥵һײΧĿռ侹Ȼһ󲨶˺ѳ˿ռѷ죬һĺɫռӿ߼սǿ˹
ײನֱӵ·վȣĴᣬ˫ͬʱϵ߼ǿսȻѵһͬҪȻΪ˿ֶ
˵սȫײ·θ˵ӰֻоһȥȻײ촫ÿһεܹΧĿռ䲨
ʹ죡
ε˳ȥʮףϵӿһĨ˷ܵĹʣԴб̬Ľ֮⻹һʹս
ɫ࣬һոսǿߣܹԵĸоǿҲܹԼĲµʵԲĿǰԼԶԿġ
Ȼߵһֻܹƴ򣬵ȴԼڤڵľ
ٴαһ߷ɳȥսʼһӵʱ䣬ѾദˡҲѲ֮ǰϵ飬ͷɢڿУ˵ЩǱ
վһУϵһûһ˿ҳ˵Ĳ಻ԶʹͬΪߣ˵ʵȻ֮
Ȼעһ첻վʹɣ
ͷЩǱɨһ·ˣԭѾߵۻδչֹǿߵѹͱѹĺ޻֮ν
Щ˫ֻԾ٣ݺݵץסΧĿռ䣬ƺҪǿ˺ռ䡣
۵ĶռͻȻʼȻԷȻƾһ֮ر仯
Ȼͬһȥɣ
ѹƵĺƢԵ۾Ȼѡͬھ
ռ֮ŤǬ
ĳһ̣۵һĨ˫͵һռѣ·˶ᣬϵı龪ֻŴһУһڤڵ˶Щ壬֪ԼλڵҪʲô

һеĳһ˦ֱӲƳԷʣȭԥһȭӳ
׻
䣡
һĻУ˵˳ȥǵɳȥɳݺݵص·ĽУֱҽּҵһС

ȵٴδʯг˵ǽڵĻҳѪΪһߵʲôʱܹ˵裬Ҳоˣ˿ɱʵֻǶԷδƺֻԼ
ͷһ·ΣּеļԼ˵ľ壬ֻţľһжش̼۹°顣
ĳһ̶Է۾ͻȻѪɫȫûϵƣ̧ͷһĨ
ȻˣҶһȥɣ
˵仰˵ͻȻʼͣƺ˲Ϊһעˮ˲Ǵ˽˵ҲΪѪ˰ɫ
ҪԱô·һ۾Ϳ˶Էƹˤͬھ
ԷΪû˿ĳɣˣ˫ͻȻƾһһɾ޴Ĺֳּ֣ҵȫֽȥǾͲˡ
ָոγɣһ޴ıը˲쳹ɽ


İ Ӵּ
ڳֻоһըȻһǵˮʯӼһ˲䳯ɢ˲ûڳˡ
ըನݺݵĻʩչĹ֣Ȼ˲佫ڣΪĿ֧ţվǽըನֿ£ּѣǶû˺ˡ
ǿıըನ˲䳯ܷɢһʱɨ·ȺУһӴв˱ǿĿֱӻڿУһ˿Ѫⶼûп
ըನһѸϯ㳡ʵֱڽӴʱɢڿУԺһֱѪɳȥۡ
̶һ˲䣬ǿ˴Ѹٺɨ˼ۼֿ죬һʹĽ֮ʵѷɫ˼ѣȫըನ
һನʮӣеɢڶ䣬ΧĳԶɢ¶·ս
һ·սĻּҵˣһ֮ɫеɫҰףƺδּսелָ߽ضһԲҲ̶õֳĳעһӳΪĳЩеجΡ
֮ǰּҴѾʧҲǱʯײһĴ鲼ʬ壬첲ԫĴУûǴһధҰӼӾеǹɾ֮ɫ
һըܹľȻ֮󲿷ȫըನȡ۶κһѣǵжһۣɽֲؽ»֣˭赲ּҵ
Ӵ˴ɽ֮ڣּǿ
վڿУɾûһ˿߱ɨ·ˣͬĴÿһ˻˶С

Դϴδɽ֮¼ȥѾµʱ䣬̶µʱڣɽľƿν˷츲صı仯
ǴɽڤڣŵղǱģǱɽļϽġ
ڤղεԱڤеļͶ뵽Ԩټ嶼ľͶ뵽ϴεΧսУȴȫΪ۵Ա
һֱӵ´ɽڤڵԹҪּһҪ
ǽƣδ侮ʯļȻȫԹ޷йڤڵϣ̶̲һµʱ䣬һ㸩ɽİһгĬ˵յ㡣
һ仯ıּң̶̼µʱ䣬νǷˮ֮ǰּҵĴѾսݻ٣ǽǲµʱ䣬ּҾȻԭȵĵַٴؽһּңҴ˿̵ּҪ֮ǰҪһֹ
ʹּ˵ĸߵȴû˵ҽһ䷴ԵĻ
Ͼ˵ּλһţЩ˿סּҵĿ˾ͲЩСԱģ
վһζӵļȻ֮׵Ļᣬ⼸ּҵżЩ£ļĥˡ
ּҵ߲ʱνֵĺϲ£죬Ǵδֺͦع
ЩּҵĹ㣬ּҵͨ濴ָָ㣬˽ɫһϵٹ⡣
һеǸڼΪϲġ
ֱڣڼеĵλҲﵽһǰδеĳȻĵλǳеĽһ׷ϵĶĿꡣ
˿̴ɽ˿̸۽ĳһɽϥ棬ٻӰȻΧĻɫ١
˿̵ɫκãüͷţ۾ǰŮ
ȷ𣿡
ŲҲ״¶һĨǡ
Һīú֮䶼ϵǾڽͻȻоһϢͻȻʧˣ
ʧпǶԷϵǵϵһǡĴһ˿ҵĽ͵
ܵģǵĸоģȷһˣ֪ǿڻǻϣŵ
Цܰ˵ʵ½ǿǴĵطģĵطԲܳ飡˭ܹɱǣ
ͻȻͷһƺʲôæʵ֮˭ʵǿ
ƺΪλͻȻǿڽ֮ǱҪīãʵǿĿǰǿڣһˣĿǰʵӦԳһˣֻƺһֱĳһ谭ţΪҪ̫󣬼ʹҲҪǧʱ䣡
񼶣
һҺԼöذϢ
Ǵô죿ֻٴʵ
ǱҪȥȷһ£гӹɵĿ
ڽʣһϢѾԷƺ᰽磡
᰽磡һ˿õ룬ֱѿڶҸһȥ


İ 
Ϊ½Ҳפ˿һ磬һֱԼĽ
ΪмгȻһ磬һֱĽ֮ϣһ޿飬ʹǱ綼ܹᲢۡ
һڣٴ˱뾭˴ܹͨ硣
ֻҪļֱܹ˿ռͨôζǿԻԴԴϵ룬ȻҪõĿռͨӵȨҪʵʵȭͷ
㳡УѾۼһոսˣĹڶЩ˽ע
̣
ͻȻһԵĿռͨȻӰ˹㳡С
һжŮһ˶һĴ⴦Щİĵط
ڴΧĻһԵȺ˺γڴǰˡ
Ȳ˵ƯЩֵŮӣ˵һȺ˵۾Ҫ֪Ҫɲô򵥣ǴռͨͱҪʵǿεֿռͨҵĿռ
Բ𣿡ûΧ˿ԼߵɫԼС˽̧ͷ棬Դǡ
֮ǰ绹ܹԷϢϢԽԽˣºܿͻʧȥϵ
ôѵһҲЩżʵ
²ǣܹоһϢڼƺʵȲ
üͷ壬֮ǰĵٴӿͷ
Ѿ׵ĲԷϢˣīЦû֮ǰʢˣƺ˻һЩ顣
ҲоˣƺԷǵϵɫƽ˲²͸ʲô
ЩεͷȻͷǻȥһطɣ
磬иطǱҪȥģ
ΪһŮˣ
ͻȻ¶һ˿ζЦ⣬޵Ĵ
Էɫһɨ̾Ͱæ͵㣬ͲҪҿЦˣҲŮϲ
һԵīúݺݵطһۣ˿ԷᣬǸŮǽѩɣҿϲǸýòҲӦö˼ɣѵûиоԴλɽеŮӿѾһ𣿡
æƨǺǣⲻúĹûλĻˣʹܹλÿҲҪʮϰʱ䣡
仰īõɫһͷľһС
㻹еģ
˽εҡҡͷȻſ
ҲʥˣȻ㣬֮İһ潻ԣ㲻⣡
ͷתһ༸ȫתߵһȺˣһǰ
ôߣ
ʻƺ㳡еһߣǲ֪ΪΣӴ֮鲻ԽľͿڻش˶Է⡣
롭ָĸң
һ㶣绹𣿡
ԷڣָĴҵĻҵǿԸҵأԴ뿪Ȼټнһǧ·ᵽǣҵĵַ
ͻȻ¶һ˿Ц⣬лˣ˵תԵλŮһͷʧԭء
ȵλ߷ӦʱѾʧԭأֱ˿һ
áǿƣҶҶӶԷ۾⡭նԷǷˣ

ͬʱǧڶţһȻұˣڴ˴ĻһһۿվڱǵٻӰʱ䲻Ůøӵͤͤվ鶯
ԵһȺˣӦҲһ壬Է˲٣ԼнˣȻҲˣ껣ǸԳ̶δ޵ļһ
Դӽ껵߾ͽض̶ϣȻʱҲһ棬ÿһμ̶껶һְѳֲסԼĳ嶯ΪֹΨһһλһ۾ͻ˷ִŮˡ
˾ɫŮȻӦ껵ģ˿еĻȡ
̶һҪΪҵŮˣ
ʵϴ˿̴лһˣĴ壬˿ڶľƼҺͽҵλ峤
ҵ峤սضǰԷͻȻЩæңȻ𾪵ĲƼҺͽʲôʱȻߵһȥˣʵ峤Ȼλãһλۣһ֮˾Ȼм䡣
սЩ𾪵ķԼܹ̽ԷʵԷƮƮһۣͺܹ͸Լһ
ǵ˼ҪҳλĬΣսڻЩɬĿˡ


İ ڵҰ
ս⣬Ƽҵ峤ͽҵ峤첻ԼͬβɲĿһ۰λõˣϸ΢Ķ䵽սȻһκˡ
ͽ춼߼ǿߣ˵վ½ǿߣôܻͬʱӦνˣһԸͶ뵽Է¡
սǸ˼ܵˣȻĻҲܽ𽥷չΪĴĵλ
߽ضǰˣܿսͷһϸ΢ͽȻɫ˵Ȼżһ˿㱣Ȼһ˲䣬ȴսӵ𾪡
ͬʱ˲ٿˣ
Ϣھ캧ˣʲôܹͬʱٿǿߣ
ۼǿߣ
뵽ǸУսֻоһѾû˵ۼǿˣѵǰλص˾Ȼһλۼǿߣ
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֣ҺֶѾͬˣֻҪҲԸôĴͳɹһ룬ʱǾͿֱȥ壬ٺ٣ֻҪĴ֣˭ǵĵ֣һԵĽȵĽ
սɫɫźۼʵҪһ£ǳ˵ĿĵΪʲô˭ֽΪ˵죿
ͽͻȻһԴӽ뵽ûнˡ
Ѿѡˣһ־ܷģǾǵĿ
սһȻˣ߶ǰԼ͸ˣƺǲԷĿ⣬ڻ̧ͷսһۣһۡս·ǸоԼ˴ﵽⶼԷ
Ҫ磬Ȼȥս½Ҫ½񣡡
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ס֣
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Ҳ˵вϲ
峤ҵֻܲĵֻǿڵп־ŭ
ҵˣļԻȥԣȫ
ڿĵһ仰ȴ·̺޾һ쳹ÿһ˵ĶС
սɫӣѾܹƽ峤ˣԼԷһǿߣԷʵһﵽ˵ۼǿߡ
Ҳģ
ͻȻһȻ˾ͿһٻӰվǰٻӰɪȴͦأûһ˿ȴ
̶סڣսæסԼŮһƺˣĿ̧ͷƮƮɨһ̶̶ֻоǱϣȫȻһҪ¹ĳ嶯
Է̧֣սһæվ̶ǰ
ۣ
һâսؿڣȻ˵ɳȥײһϣֱӽײ³һѪ
һĨ𺳣Լ߼𣬾ȻԷһӲ¡
ƺûдϧ񣬼ָһһâٴγ̶ȥ
飡
һͻȻһӰȻڵĹȻȵӰ¶Σ˲žķ־ȻһλùɫŮ
Ů̧ͷ߽ضſڣг˷ŭ
ڣɱ˻ϣ


İ ǿ
ৣ
ٴγӰһ־䵽̶ߣ߽ضûмŮ
̶ɫ㶵ǰͻȻֵˣһʱ侹ȻЩûзӦͷ·һʮ߳Σȵξ̶ȴͻȻġ
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̽һ䣬ǹɵŮ¾Ըξ
̶ˣ¶һ˿õЦ⣬δЦ˿Ĺ
̶ͻȻһ𾪵Ķ͵һ˽ĻУȫĻС
ܹƵᣬһ̶һֻһˣ
ӵļḧŶԷĳЦ˵ѾͷֳˣҪƽˣ
磬㣡̶Ϊ´μ治֪Ǻʱˣ̶ƺһжģ˫ֽסʣԴڶԷؿڣһ̣쳣İղŷ鶼Ѿʲô·ԼֻҪһжã
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ͻȻֵˣƺһ㶼ûгԾЦǺǵվʮĴк
ڣɱ˻ϣ
īҲһյЦƷУ۾ضŶԷ˭ֲֿƾȻǴһʮСѾͷɢġ
ҲضŶԷƺڵȴԷԼһ𰸡
ƺ֪ϵһҲ⣬ƺҲûд顣
ǺǣϵȷɱģʱҵҪ˺ϻȻ½ǵ£ǸظȻͬ⣬ҾȻóеϴͷѵңΪԼǴˣνǶˣҲûҪӣҽҪԣҾˣ
ڵͻȻīɨһЦôһǣֻҪ֣Ϳƽ½ҪҲ֣Ƕ˵һֲֵ
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ͻȻЦҲãҲãѾûֹܹҵҰģҲУ
ߣ
īһԸؾɵˣһϻûжིȻںԼһ˼ǧ꣬ǿھȻ˵ֱɱ˻ϣɲīˡ
ֻеǰһΣȻСŮȻ˲ʧԭأ˲һڿǰźС˲ǿֱ˺ѿռ䣬һ˿Ϣ˲ִǰû˿ԥīɱġ
Ǵ¼ĵĿƺһ㶼ģ̧һֻƮƮסīĹ
¶һ˿ĪЦ⣬īãɲҵĶˣ
󣬿ھȻû˿ϧһֻһȭīõĶϣԷֱӵȥ
ͫһʧԭأٴγֵʱѾī˫ַסīõĺ󱳣漴ɫͱѿ
һӿֱ֮ӽ˵˳ȥڵϻȥԶſͣ£мѪ
͵ͣΣһĨ𺳣ضԶĿڣгŲ˼顣
ˣ
ڵͻȻ¶һ˿εЦ⣬ܿЦѸӣڵ㳡ڻſſЦݡ
ûǧˣڵȵһ죬
ڵЦſ񣬵Χȴûһ˸ڽ˶еһĪѹ
ɱ˻ϣȻ˻ϵԪЩŵʵԷڿһӡ
Ṇ̀úúԪȻҲ˷ѣҵúõһ˺õĶֻзܹã
ڣ㾹Ȼɱ˻ϣԷǺһֱ˽ǧ꣡ǵĳ㾹ȻΪԼɱ˻ϣ
Ǻīô˿ҲһŭĽŶԷ޲ֱɱ
ܿͰڶԷɨһۣͻǲˣ
Ц建ԭƯվڿɨ·ΣǾɨԼĳӡ
Ӵ֮ؼ䣬ҾҽΨһף
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Ҿɱϱ𣡡
īһٴһʧԭأͻȻٴδӿĿռ֣ΪۼǿߣīѾܹʹÿռ֮
飡
ֻϧһīٴαƮƮĻɢ˳ȥ
ٺ٣īã棬ûõģ񼶺͵ۼرھǼʶһǿߵʵɣ


İ ۷
ڵλվڿУƽɨ·ܵɨ·ϡ
¶һ˿Ц̧ƣͻȻһŹţųֵһ˲䣬˲˱仯
ԭգ˲֮ܲž죬ŨŨطһ˿֮ںڵ
еӿ˲ỳϷƽ䵽ԼϣԼضܹ
վ룬ǾΧԾȻĲܹ
쳣ֲĶǰȻǳһ˳
ȵĿеͻȻת£Ȼ˫͵һգ·ʵõֱ۵һ˱ըΪһ̯ѪȻڷɳһɫԪš
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Ͻӣ
ͻȻ֪˭һ㳡˲ŷӦȻը˹һѸٵĳܿ񱼡
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ֽ٣㳡Ѿ׵ıѣһ޴ʯѵȻգΧĽѾѣеĽõΪһС뵽·ķ϶Ҳû
һѱס̶䵽ԣ˿㳡Ѿ׵ıһѷ棬ΧҲɥ֮ȮһĴҴܡ
սȻʹ˵İΣΪԼŮǸʶ˽Ůȫĵط֮սŷĵȥӪΧˡ
һսңˣҿνʧΪصĵط
ֹѾԲٿ֮ˣܹٿ֮ǽ񼶵һ׼ȻȷǷѾɹϵԪĿǰֹۣҪĴ㣡ɫЩѿ˵
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ҲзݣҽǴģҲμӰɣ
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ת̶̶ȶ㵽ȫĵطȥ
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Цһ̶ԴԷҴдģҵΣڲֹ½뵽޾С
̶죬ɫЩҰףִĲԸȥ
̶ʵѾ֮ǰˣסܻǿԵģٴ˵
̶֪ѾԲٴθı䣬ֻεĵͷΧĻңż⣬һ¡תĶС
磬̶
˵̶û˿ˮתһѸٳԶȥµʯڽӴ̶ʱ򶼻ԶΪĩɼʱ䣬̶ûлķϡ
̧ͷһۿеսīۼǿ־ȻǿӦڵĹ
ǿô
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ħ״̬
̶˲䣬ֹһֻ첲ٴαצһĹѪɫİƴĿġ
ԴʵʵķԾ˵ѹνһԾ죬֮һʩչ˿ħνԼʵ
˫˲ΪѪɫħʹʵһ·
ߣ
߼ߣ
żߣ
ʵ۷ߵʵͣͲǰۼǿ߽һֻҪƺֻҪ΢һͿ̤ǵصżջźֹ
̧Ѫɫ˫ۿһۿеսһڿռָеĳ׷ڳһֱӿԼǿ״̬
飡
һڵȥ涼°˰磬һ̣޷ˡ


İ ľ
˵һδйѣټּѾѵֳ
Ƶķ棬ϱڲԫĴ˵ʬ壬ʹҵĹ㳡ѸٱķĹĴɢһϢ
УĵӰ
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ڣ㾹Ȼ˴治֮£ѵһ㶼𣿡īɫЩѿû뵽һ˼ǧ˾Ȼ߱ɱͬľٶ
Цֻţ˲Ϊ֮ͬһƬ˼ǧѣֱӹϵ˵һͬˣǸ϶ˣ
ڻʲôңڵɫͻȻͨ죬ٺ٣ȻԸ⳼ңǾһǵԪɣһٷʢ簡
ҪƯͫһȻһԾǰīϬϡ
ۼǿߵٶȻö˵գۼ䣬ȭͷѾ˿ǰ˿˲һٶ䵽ȴ·ţһ㻺
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һīõСû˿ϧīһڵݺݵײ·ʯУɶĵڶιȻһֵĿļϣ³һѪҺȻ˱ײ˳ȥ
̶˲ɽۼǿߣɼ½仰̸
飡
īõδʯдܳСΪŭú˵ģǻһ˿Ѫˡ
ûīõȫͻȻʼ仯ͷ·ǺڰͻȻһյƣȫɢҫ۵ĽɫâīСС徹ȻѪɫűһѸٵ̶ͣ˲䣬īþȻһߺòľɫŮ
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ٺ٣׼˰Ȼ˾ͲҪԹҶǶˣЦһһĨ⡣
ǿڵĻո£üͷһ壬ͷûлأͻȻתһֽҪӱ͵ϮץС
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ڵĻδ꣬һԵīͬʱ˹һû֣ȫʩչԼǿĹ
ߣ
ֽˤɳȥȻȻתֻͬʱֵסŮӵĹڿж
īãҪӲӲ
ɹȳ̸īһȻˣȻ˵ʱ˶Լͬĳſڻӳ
飡飡飡
ֻɢ˵Ĺ˿޷赲ĹڿǰûκεɱּѾΣ
īõһξ룬Ȼͬʱڿվ˴˶һۡ
ͬһʱ䣬˵˫ֿʼѸٵĻӶ쳣أƺ׼ĳһֹ
ߣұ˴֪֪ףҵҪܹʩչʲô
ʮԸվԭأһЦĿŶԷԼոսǿߣʵȻδȹֻ̣ҪԷǿߣҪսʤԼǲܵġ
塪ҫ
ĳһ̣׼ڽ˫͵ؾȻгһаһľ޴֮ɫ򲻴󣬴Լ˵ԴСȴû˵СƶԷĹ
Ͻɻǹ
ɴ֮īͻȻеľ޴ǹâת֮쳣ӿ
ǹͬһʱ䴩͸գ˲䳯ſڳȥ;оĿռȫһռѺۣĿռ֮񺮣ʵմȾһ˿ռ֮»˲˺Ƭ
򣬽ǹ˲˫һչƽľ֣Ȼֱֻƽ˵ǿ
ˣ
һӰǱĴ·гվڿС˲ĨһϵѪֱ˫־ףѪɫһĨѪɫʡ
аԵΪѪеĳҲŷ仯ԭתĳϷĻ濪ʼӿų׾ȻѸٱ䳤ףоͷ·סһȼյĻߡ
ģƴˣ
ͻȻƺһ˫ס͵ػӳǻһŭ
һ߱
ڶٻģ
񷣡
ɻ꣡



İһʮ ߻ħ
һ߱
ڶٻģ
񷣡
ɻ꣡

Եеૣÿĺһǰͻᷢ𺳵ı仯
һ߱һצһӿռ併٣
ڶٻģһͼڻȫȼգת͸飻
񷣺ػ谵˸һβԻռӶХɽ֣һŭΪֹ䶯
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͹״棬ĿҸ£צӤȫ⵽ǺǵӳֵЩϹֵΪֲģ
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⡭ѣ
Щ˼Ŀǰ⼸ԭϹʱޣϵı𾪡
˵ȻŮӶ𺳳˵ıȻǸΪţڵһĨɫʡ
һٻ޷ɢܣÿһֵζ쳣Ӵռȥ˰գ෴ԭħʮֲֿ𷴶쳣С
𻺻̧ͷ˫۳죬ѪħޣǰԶɨżͫ׻ָһ˿һ˿żǡ
֪ԼղȣΪʩչԺеľȫʩչȥԺеѾʣ޼ħĲٿʧħʼ
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ճף죬˫͵ػ£ǰĵͻȻͬʱ˻һԶ˳ȥ
ĵӰת˲ڶûвĵѾڿǰ

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졭©ˣ
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㣡ԷڸҽռѷȥˣīЩϲĺתһԣ˵ʵղŵ̫һ⣬ƾһʵȻֱʩչĹֱӽڸҽ˿ռѷȥ
ҲתһԵвʣƺҪ˵ʲôǺܿͫײһΪԶ徹Ȼµȥ
˿̵־Щ壬Ժ˽սƺĿȨ֮ǰǿʩչ˾ǰеţԺһƬ磬޷ĿȨ
ڱռѷ죬һǽŵͻȻһȫ·һ˲䱻Ϳգʧȥƽ⣬һʯͷϵ䡣
廹δ£ǰĿռͻȻƾһֱֻۣһץס׹Ĳӡ
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ڵ˿ʮֵǱȫѣͷĹѾɢͷɢϻմѪնԹ
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飡
׵һȭؿڣȻſٴƣһƼ͸ؿڣʱѪ죬Ѫɽ
ܲס޴ʹ࣬ʹһҪǿƺûϢļٴһȭֱӻԴʯһȥ
Ѫģ


İһʮһ һ
̶ںͼĳϾܵԮȼˣһζһѡ
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ৣ
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֮⣬ͷҲеƣԴһ޴İ̺ۣѪȥʮֺˡ
˿̵ģѪҺ۾ʹ˫۱óޱȣض˶ָҪһ̶ȴ˫һգ˹ȥ
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ڵ˫Ŀ죬ǣѾȫ뵽߻ħĽ׶ΣҲ֣ԭһäʹīøС
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ɭеһͦվɽжϣȻֱƽ˺Ѵһ޴ĶѨԶͷ·Ǳõɽϻһۼһ
޴ѷԵٻӰվ±ԵԶٺȻħܲȴûһ˿Χħƺȫʧһ㡣
ʵԴӰǰס󣬷Բʮħ޾ʧĸɸɾɭǿİһͷ˽ħϽħԳܹݣŮɢƾ

˳Ĭ˰ΣڵеһŮ̾Ϣһ
ľѾ׵ַ죡糹׻ˣ
Ļ̶һ˿ʹܺõסˣһϲϱֳŮ
㣬ǼϢ𣿡ĬΣ̶ջ̲סʵ
תһԼҪ̲ס޵ŮжҪ̾޸ǳ
̶Ѿ׵ıƿأʱȻߺħȴ׵ƿǹ˵ʵ׵ȶ񼶣¼ܹ֮ΪУ
ڲб߱ɱԸ˾޴ѣƿ˲ټΪܣȻЩΪ乥կʱ䣬缸ѾȫƿأЩѵļѾҼ磬ֱȥ´½
ߣûһȺҲܵ´½ȥѵھͻԿڵҰģԲܽһ磬Ҹո֮һὫľͶĽ磬Ұǳư½ī䣬óʮ⡣
ҲԹǣ֪ʵлҪǲɵˣЦҡҡͷͻȻתĶѨ
ѾʱˣǸһѾƺãϢҲǰָȴʼûѡ
Ļ̶۽ͻȻ׵ӿˮȥ
̶ҪޣİɣǸһӵв壬ǲģīǸСŮȴҪһߵȰ̶ֻǴ˿˭Ҳû
㣡ġû𣿡̶Щʹʵ
ڽһܹ̽ڵԪǳңȴ쳣ͣƺڲڷʲô仯
һж컯ˣȥԾţԨȥҲ


İһʮ Ƽɵ
ռ䣬Ũӿ
ŨģһӰϥƾΧŨӿ˶ڷ籩ĿȻ
ʱ䣬ѾʱţıѾ֪ˣ֪ĺ˽ʱ䣬Ժޱߵ׵ԼԲٿصı
Բٿصһڵĺ嫴󺣣νʵķԾ
˫ۣ鿴һΧĻ¶һ˿ϸ΢Ļȡ
ˣϴ֮ʧڿɲٿصټٽԼܹʩչе㻹δԼȴ޸֮˼
һΧĺ嫺󣬱ƣԼϿȴల£ʱ䣬ܹߵһνûдĴ֮
粻֪ʲô仯૵ҲǸóȥʱˣ
СӣȻûп㣬ϷڿԳˣ
׼뿪ʱԺͻȻһˬʵЦ׹£ĶĤ졣
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һʻǰĿռһ󲨶ԭŨȻʼӿ·ĺˮҲųӿ
ŨгһϵӰϹһ̤˶µĺȴƤĺһߵĽԾ
һϮİһֻؿڣߵĺܰЩͣһ鲼Щ壬˭һۿȥһͨˣ㿴һ۶Էͻ̴Լ뷨
˭ôҵУԼԺе𶯣ɫʵ
ǺǣСһҪ£ԨԴһЦ⣬ϵһһЦͷ·һŵľջ
ʲô˼ʶһ
Ҫţ㽲°ɣƺĽһ㶼ģЦǺǵİ˰֣ȻԿл䣬ͣǰ
Сһڣҿһļ֤ߵ˽һȻʱҶڳ˯ĳɳҿȫ֤
о߲źۼĴǰߣҪֱԷα
ΪλҵԺУʳؼһ⡣
ûʲôֵڲصģ
û뵽߾Ȼʮִȵһ֣Ц˵½ҲСǿߣǸųʱһǿ䣬ǿߵĿСϷȻûܹɹ񼶣Ҳʥ۷ΣϷǾʦǰݣ֣յ⽫һ˿ʶ졣
ЩΪ߿ȥλ㱣ƺЩ̫УԭǶԷľԪǣûĴڡ
߼½ΪǿϷǺȴΪ˻ԣձһС峤ץסӡԷƺռ˲ٵľԪǣʱȴʼղܹͻƷӡӴܡ
ҲףԭǸС峤ռЩԪΪǸԱȫǾʦҪҵһֱַǴӶľ
뵽ͻȻһЦһ°ΪϷľʵ̫ǿǿû˵óȻĳϷ㱻׵ĸˣ֪һ졭
һСŮ䴳˼רŴؾķ䣬ΪƤӡϷƷϷ˲ӴǸӡҽĵطٺϷ͵ԺУ
һݣԺƺʲôһЩʼ
ڷǰƺǼǵöԷΪ̶ٲ£Сʱʲô۷ǰֱӸϳ磬ѵһС
˵СʱԼʱΪںӱϴ·ܱգƺǿʲôȻŻ赹ڵأѵʱǰ߽ԼԺʱ򡭡
һƺܹϵˣѵڤڤ֮⡣
ͻȻ͵̧ͷ߿ߣԴʵʵӡļ
һ㶣˵ͷǣǺǣҪǸСѾͷϷֱڻӡ
Ȼû뵽һоȻģ̶ƷӡߣȻӴܽԼʮ̶Ϊӻ龹ȻԼһƺڤڤͱźˡ
߿ͻȻЦǺǵʵѾ֪ˣ벻ʱô꾹Ȼ˿ͻ񼶣ȻѡķʽЩ˲ݣǲò˵նյĳɹˣڵνͿ̿һǿ߼޵еĴڣ
֪ʲô÷Ͽҵʵ
ڵʵǶ٣ͻȻһ⡣
ϾʦĹԼ弶ʥ߳ƽܣһʵǷһпϵĻش
Ǻǣ벻ʵͻƵۼͻȻЦʵ


İһʮ ͵Ϯ
зֱͻۼһĨϲ˷ܵʵ
ǺǣϰһһһڣһۼƣʵĳеֻһУ
߿һתľȷƽҲǵΪλѡԭԣҪܶԷֻܹӾ֣
תܿ죬̷Ӧ۾һ˵ǡ
ķӦѸʮ⣬Цŵ˵ͷ
ϰľԴ㿪ʼѧϰҾоһֲͬκιĹʽҸ˵½ҳڶ˿ʹãһֱ뵽ǺŲܹĹַһִ͵Ⱥӣǿʹõȴ޼ڿħ״̬ʹþĹҲδܹһս
۾һһǺܿȥ
ҺγǡһǿĹֶβ٣ĵȴǲݼӵģÿһǳɱӣϴεսƴȫܹʩչһȻ꣬˲Ҳ²ʩչ
΢΢ͷЦ˵ȲҪ㣬ϰڼ׶ˣ
𲻸ҿ󣬡һΪֱǣ߱ٻġ񷡢ɻꡢֻأҵõʱһйѾģ壬޷ˣڿϰֻǰӦÿǿʩչ
ߵͷǿĹȴܹʩչѾʮֲˣԺǿ
ûһ˿ϲãܹѧϰĻҲܹ֮һսڿ¸ǶԷĶ֣
¶һ˿صЦ⣬СһҪļټһأ˵Ϳֱʩչˣ
һ㶣˼ǡ
Цۺ룬ҪǣұһǣȻĵۼʵʥǿԵģҽľʹõĻ˵ܹʩչ𣿡
һĨʣԷʥǣԼʩչĻ±ľٴױ˵Ŀʩչ
ǺǣͿʼϰݰɣЦŵͷô꣬ѾһпЩǿһһ߹ģСŮѻǵҵľˣǱĶɣ
ͻȻ£Ȼ˹Ŀͷ壬壡
ǺǣԽǬϣ

ʱвţ̶ÿ춼ȥĶѨв̽һȷûκ֮Ż뿪
һ̶ٴڶѨ𰲾ĴһʱȻ֮ǰһ۽˫ۣʯûκεĶ̶̾Ϣһ׼뿪
ոת洫һ̶ľתһȷûκ̶֮һʧС
棬̶ǰһ𺳣ֻԼѨմӰڿУīŶһӰ
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ʱû˵ƴ䣬һɫۻʰ£ԺǻֵͼʹԵ쳣ֲ
ǶﵹҲ̹Ǹи˽ˣֻҪѾ׵ҵУʱҾͻĴ½ٺ٣˭ܹ赲ҵĳư֮;
ڣûп㾹ȻԼҰôãǰѡǷӡǶԵģɫص˵
Ļ󣬿ڵɫûɵıҪǸϲļһҪҪǷӡǸĵط꣡
֪ˣͲĻīõɫ䣬ݺݵصǰһֻԼûһ㷢һҰġ
ٺ٣Ͽûкҩ
ͻȻЦһˣɽ·ɣ
ͻȻһӣ·ȺȻǳɽϽ
˫ͫһæ̶ȵߣ
ৣ
ڵͻȻ֣һȭȥһȭ޻ڣδκεĹȴһƬƬΪĦ
飡
ֳȭһӴ˾Ƕߵķݵ˳ȥ
½ϣУ


İһʮ ۷֮ս
ԭʼɭɽ֮ۡ
ԭ̵ĴָأһȴӰΧһսҲһӶδ۷֮ս
Ӱɳȥīõһ˿أԥģֱս״̬·˵ע£īõ忪ʼѸٵı仯һε˳Ůӡ
΢΢һ̧𽥳һѽɫ⽣Ϊڤʯ֮ӣī෽Ҫͨǿܶࡣ
ߣһУڤ粻飡
һ˲ƳīԣƽƽȥץīõĲӡ
飡
еڤʯڿڵĸ첲ϣû뵽īþȻֱ˳ȥ
īõˣڵϮ

ڸ׷ȴͻȻԼ岻ܹжͷһϾȻһһƣ̶˲䣬Լ徹Ȼһ룬ʣһԴ¶档
վڿڵ֣Ǵһ˿ѪҵĴϢţӸղŵһЩˡ
ߣ𣿡
ȫסƺûκεľţ߶ǰ棬Ǵһ˿Ц⡣
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潿һͻȻ˫ʹһڿϵӽīͻȻʧ˲ڿǰ
ȥɣ
˫סƽ𽣣͵زԷ࣬īֻҪһȥԷɡ
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ϾڤʯԷǣڵһֻͻȻ̧סԼĽ
һδУīõķӦҲһеڤʯȻѸڻȵҽһѸڻȻ˳ŶԷֱۿʼӣ̶˲䵽첲ĩˣȻһΪӿȥ
ɫڤʯԭҺ˲ͽ˰һɫӣȵ¶죬·ͷ·һɫ䶯Ĳϼ롣

·Ⱥ̶һĨأδ¶κεľš
·˿ʼ˳Ŷ͵ɽһ·ϣЩֿʼ˳ұһԾ̶֪Ⱥһʵ֮
ڶԷӰɽλʱ̶嶯ˣ˫ƽ죬һ˿ŭٲһĳ޷Զ̶˴ڷ籩ģɨ·ߡ
̶˫֣Χʯ鿪ʼƮڿС
һʼС͵ʯ飬ʱƣɽ·һ޴ʯεض𣬸ΧľȻֱӴɽϰγƯڿС
ס˰գ̶Сδ룬ɨһ·
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˵̶ͻȻ˫һӣʯһ˳ɽ廬䣬·ϣʱǰһƬ
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̶ɫһ̳˹ȥѵսĻȻ̶֪ԼЩˣǲԸ˺һΪ̶ֻ֪ҪԼ˺ͻһϣԼôһϣûˡ
飡
һȭҷһߣ̶ϹŲ֮Ǹ߳ɹ嵽ѷ촦
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ϵһһĨֻţ̶һֱӵѨڴӵסΨһ·ڡ
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˫һչһҫĿ̶֣˫һƣʱ޴Ļ潫ǰĶں߷ָУ̶ɫȴ쳣ļᶨ
еī÷ԴڵĴϢţ˫۽ĶſеŽɫĲӼԴӿڱȥ֮󣬱ûκεĶԷһµĶûС
·һɫĵڿУûκζ
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Сһ㣡Щ̫ԾĻָ
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飡
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ģСƤȻ赲ôãǽȥûлڣúõؽ̽
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ӰֱǰһȺߣ䵽ǽǵŮϣ¶һ˿Ц⡣
̶һˣ


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ڵո£ͻȻ۵һ죬˲ɢڵͫȻһ

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˫һԷϣһ˲ӿһŹźֱӽڱ
ȻͬϢ˲ӿڵȫ

һο˻һͻȻһȭۣһȭȥ
ԭһţڵϳ˷ŭϵղ͵ϮյĳΪ˲ϻһĨ

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ߣȻеŵֻҪ㲻ǿߣҵҪʲô£
һǰһûжڿӲӲ޻ڵĶһΡ
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