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һ Ԫ 001 
ս䡣
ʱոʮһ·ݣϱѾʼѩ׷ɡ
ëһѩƮǼů¶ǣٳʱͼſʯ̳ɵ·ѾһװҲв·
ҹɫʼתˣһĴѩҲƺǷȹ¼ţСһЩ
ֻǣȴˡ
ǡʱյɫĵƻȻѩƮ㴩ţ˿һԱٵĴѩϹĳ˵ϵıѩǵˡ
еļ죬ƽʱ䣬ٶȣҲһѡҽշѩδ·ϵǱңһʱ䣬εĸˣѩϵıӰųתĴɽ
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ӦҶϡƽ˵ͨıӣٶȼİɵҲһôɵĴҶ档
ǡҶ˫ĿǰΡĸۡ
ۡϣһңҶϵĸɫڵ׵Ĵ֡ҹ֮оȻ˵ۡ
ҶҶһʱ䣬ȻԽĿŲ
ǣףĸףСãҡ
ҶǰһʯʨӣŽһȱһǵשԼոǹŻμ۶ӲȥһеһУҶԺѾӡһĥͼ
Ҷǵúʱļҡ
ûĻ뿪ʱ𣬵Ѿʮˡ
ҶҲҶ
Ҷձ˵档
ֻǣҴҵҶҵӵܶ٣ԼĶӾ߰˸Ӹмʮԣһֶʲô
μͬξйڼ壬ȻĵӵҶ֮ںиûʲô˿ԴӺ֮ȡһЩǮһҶӵܵĵλ縮еóѾ߸ߡ
ҺãҶĸҶХµĽ죬ҶʸסȻҶ͵úҶӵһԼڸѰլңл䳡ѧ䣬øı˵Ļᡣ
ԭҶҲѰҶӵһϰ䣬ȵ󣬱ľӣҵս¡ϧڶʮǰҶĸ׸ȻսҶȫұ㱻ȴ˳
ҶһʼֻΪֻͨսȴǴӸ׵дϢ׸սǱҶͶɱ˺ҶһҸм㱻Ҷɱû취Ҷһֻðǡֻ·ϼ࣬ĸСý
ϣӴֻҶһˡһ꣬Ҷʮꡣ
Ҷ¶һֻжԶҶ͵ĳޡԼıµ΢˵𣬾ǶܶҶ͵ȺҲ˵ĺܡ˵ص伸¢ϣҶһˣͶ壬ҲõĴСΨһϣǴӾѧ䣬ѧϰлһ߾ı졣
Ҷշת֮£ڽ˾ӡ
ʮ꣬Ҷ澭СսʮҶʮ꣬ҶͬһѰڵԼӡһգΪѵĹؿڡǳɹԵõ˻ʲ⣬ΪһȺƽƽ
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꿪ʼѧϣֱʮ꣬ʮδͣЪһաһʧܣҶʮȫŬΪӰеĹڳؿʱȫľҶӴ˳Ϊһ
ҶļֺȻѾ
һգһƺǴЯŻͻǵҶȫ޷ġҶֻǵþԼֻ΢΢һ֮䣬ԼڵפʮȻ֮ȫΪ˳ԼҲûܹ⡣
Ҷ澭޾ĺڰʱǰһ۵ʯʨӣԼһҹȻɢѹҡ
Ȼʮǰɡ
ʮңԶ䣬ֻһۣҶȷԼʮǰļҡ
йۡļ䣬ҶѾЩңԶˡңԶľڿһľۡ
ֻǣʮδۡһоȻͶʮǰһģһԶƻͨĺ¥ҲԾɺͶʮǰһյҶϡǵãյԼǰѾ˰
УҶȷԼӦ˵ġ
һ콣⣬ʮɳˣûԼܹȥġ
ѵ𣿡
Ҷ˻ԴԲΡڸղţѾҧԼˣʹ
û߼ԼôԵ޹ʵĳ
Ҷ¼ƺҲǰһԼ¼ĸˡ
Լԭϼָֻʱĺ·һ㡣Ҷ˵ⲻܡ
ڣȴվ
վͯʱлΡ븮ۡǰ
һȱ˽ǵשʯʨӽһȱڣҶȱڣҶʮʱڰҹ͵͵ٵġҶļǵá
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ÿ˼ˣҶжڶҶ͵ĺޱּϼ֣޲⡣ǶҶȺԼһ˺ο౳磿ײĸ׺СҲᲡ
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Ҷ˼ǧʱҶȻŴһ
һ֮ҶӸۡСȻ̽һŮŮЩأȹѾ˲ֹһͷڷҲֻǲһֻΡŮ俴ȥԼĪʮңյʱһ͵ĽŮӵĸоٿʱȴǷŮյΪ㡣
С𣿡ŮӲȷһ䣬˼ʱ߿˼֡ӣ滹ѩأվ﷢ʲôҽ
ҶȻֻлһ顣
ԣʵ̫ϤˡϤУЩŵİ֮˵ϤΪĸƵ˵İΪѾʮδˡ
ҶȻ̧ͷ˫Ŀƣڰ֮УȻ˵貣ϵǳһĿ
ڰУҶ濴һԴŭգһ˲䣬ǱʹеһĻĻйŮӵĻͬȪˮһð˳ĵһĲ˵ڴţģһжģ
һ¿ˮҶ淢ԼɤѾЩʣǰҲѾʼЩģ
ʮȴսɱʣʱ䣬㶼˼ĸ׻СáԼһȥ룬ȵҪʱҪ벻˵ģԼġ
ǣһ̣Լĸ׾ͻվԼǰʱҶŷ֣Լ˶ʮĻȻһʱ޷˵
ǧ㻰һֻ̣Ϊһ͵͵ĺ
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䣬ҶۿеˮҲ߲סһ˲
ʮ˼ޣһ̣ȫȲٶʱŨŨѪ֮顣ԼΪʲôܹһ𽣹⣬صʱҶʱԸȥ롣
ĪıУҶ漸˹ȥݺݵرס
һˡԺһҲֿˡһŬ䣬ԺҲҪһţ̫Сסһ˵ġ
⻰Ӳ֪ˡ뵽ʲôֱҶԴһ£ЦӣǲָҶǻԼ˱ȶΪ֣ǰ˵ĺ￪ġ԰ɣ
ҶֻҶҶʱжȻһ⡣
Ҷ浱ȻǵҶ˭
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ҶļǵãΪαȶǸҶ֪ΪڱȶʵǣսʤԼȴǼװֻǿֵͷȴͻȻԼظһԼˣӴڹ±롣ʱƣҶţԼԿԳһؿڣȻˡ
Ҷ˼Ļص˶ʮǰһֶһ顣


һ Ԫ 002 ׭
峿ѩδڻһ˿߸𡣺ܿ죬ɽϾͿʼŨ
ɫ⴩͸ŨӶбžı䣬Ҷ濡ʵϡͨ죬Ҳ֪ΪģΪ֮УھתȺΡ
ǰѾȫҶ֮Уһ춼ϡ


Ҷĺ̺࣬˵ĵȻ΢⸽ʹʮףĺȻɼ
һַǳĺɼɣҶʮӾһֵѧġΪѧֺɼɣҶԼսɻսƷԷԸ˵ԼԿˡɼ֮
Ǻ仹ůµʶûҶֺı䡣ҶӭųʯһҶʱʵԣûжЧ
Ҷһȴ˫ͬһβɶ¶һ㣬һĹţ̺ĳ˵ĵ⾳⾳İء
ɶĺ֮ҶЧͨӵܵĿһǼʹˣڴڰؾһӻصʮ꣬Ϊڶؾϴ跥ҶԣٶȻ̫ˡ
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ȻżĳôصĺҶ沢ͨ꣬ǰҪ˼Ѿȷѡ
ҶͦԼֱϵһһժ£ָһصָԼֱ۴ȴļٵ˼¡ܿ죬Ҷо֮֫еľתһ˿˿ЩתĵطеļɬȫΪ֮ҶľҲһ
ҶĺһĿβı˪о˵ʵʱѾȥˡĿϲ뾪ȣҲѾĳҶÿץסԼĻᣬһһ
ҶұȶΪ˸ҵһɽΡǣΪһɽΣҪˣԲܣΨһĿܣҶָʹңҶԼַԣ˵ҵ𣬾Ҳ书ǣʲô˵ޣҪƺңҶ벻ͨһС
кȻֳһӰҶüͷһãȻȫָһˡ
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Ҷˣ񲻹ʮ꣬ҶһСǿΣҶȴ֪ĺ֮λȲǳҶ¼̳УҲǶҶͼ̳УҶ˼̳СֻʱҶѾӾʮ꣬ҲǴţھΣǲ֪ġɴ˼ãӣһ
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뵽⴦Ҷ治ͷŭӿΪҶҪ̳֮λһ˱Ҫ
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һ㵤ҩҲֻЧҶ׳ʲô鵤ҩ֮ڣʵȻֱӴϴ跥ĳ۷徳磿
Ҷ˼ǧ֮ıȶѾӦҶΪ˵õҶϵİҰɽΣȻͬҶ洹ѾõıܶĶⳡȶҶǾԼġ
Ҷʵڶؾϴ跥ĳʵҪϴ跥۷徳磬ҲҪ¿ޡǰҶʽǰ궼һܹ
ֲҶñܶҶĶԭһʼͲΪԼ䣡ȷʵҶ֪ЩϢºҶһɡ
о鵤ҩΪݲð١һ˾벻ҶȻӵһ޷õĵҩ
֮·ӵһؾһΪʮؾ磬ÿһؾַΪм۷塱С硣Ҷ꿪ʼлʮޣʵѾﵽڶϴ跥ľ硣еһľ磬˰ꡣ
һؾ磬Ҫ弡ѪֻҪܹڵ۳еģǽֻǣޱȣͬеĻһʱпϨ
һؾҪһһһ㱼ҫһ֮£糱ӿɹһΪĶԺʱʹǾž޵ţҲҪʱ
ȵ˺ڶؾ硰ϴ跥ȫǿ»µٶԼ쳣ɫ֮ͨѾ˼ֻһأ֮ͨ𡣲Ҷôıʾڼ⾭еĺ
ֻʮأѰҵ̨̺ġ֮š乵̺ͨܵ޴ڵԪ֮ã˲ѳľ磬ֻǣͻƵһʵ̫̫ѣͻ֮ˣһ
ʱҶһ󡰻ˮӲԶǻѩڻ˳Ϫ
Ҷ̧ͷһ̫߹ϣʱڲ֪֮ҲѾ쵽ˡ
ҶЩɱĶӣ֪յòˡ磬Ϊ˲ãҶһ㶼ȥԡֻѩɽɽеＫ٣Ҷķḻ飬Ȼ֪ɭ֣Ȼҵ
Ҷıȶֻʣ°ʱ䣬Ҷ漱ͻƣȻȥԡ
ʱҶ濴Զһɽ壬ȴǺȻ뵽һ¡ҶɵңҲ鲻ԽΪ˷ܶ
ҶӾʮʱսսصħսһлﶼпܻΪĵˡôսУҶȻȻɻսƷҶеսƷУһҶ˭ߵġ
һصħֵս֮УҶɱһͷħͷ죬ϵõһɫĽơƷǽôƻҶ浱ʱʵ۹⣬Ȼ͸ǽƵĲʡ
ҶļǵãһСֲ֡¼ʹõ֣һֺܹϵ׭塣ҶЩ׭ġ߷ݣ߸ܿѧʡգһʱ䣬ƴһ仰
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ǶҶ˵һ㷢ʮ
񣬶ɽԾʮշ壬ɽϵĺ¾ڣԾۡ
Ҷ׽СƾԲͨҶԼΪϲıע֮иСƣСԾ˿˼̵ĽСƣֵܹһǴͨߣϼ¼ܣҶԣĺء
׭ʹҪ׷ݵǧǰ¡˾ԶѶϢ̺ĵ״ʲô
ҶֻԼһĲ֪ΪΣȻʼȼˡ


һ Ԫ 003 
ҪȥɽˢĸɸɾС֮Уʰ˫΢΢һ٣̧ͷһһ˷ܵҶ棬һ顣
ǵģĸףҶѹԼе˷ڴش˵ɽǱһƤëѱ¹ܴһֻӦǮҲûʲô£ȥ˵ãһֻ
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Ҫȥɽܴȥ𣿡ҶԵСŮ⻰ڴ
СŮҶΨһãҶءСŮС裬ԼĪ߰꣬͸˵ƻһ󣬿ɰޱȡʱŮҶĻɵҶֱһҡšС¶һ˫ڴ۾Ҷ档
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Ҷһע˵һЩҳҶΨһ΢ЦŵͷͷٵͷǰûԼĸ߶ٻһΣּҳ˵ѵá


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һˮʧԭž˼ǧĺ¾ҶУȻڵˮһ㣬һŽɫâּǺʯҶԺУȻҶ㷢֣Ǻ¾ԭϵּһ˲䣬ͬʧȥ˻һ㣬ȻȥʱЩԭּȻ˵ĳª
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ԭɽ̮ΪԪıõԵʣǵ𡭡ôʮ˭ƪģ
һӿֵľУƺȷʵһΪĿΪϣܹȵķ󽫾󽫾ÿһλų޷ʵǳȴ˻¡⣬೯ǿ֡Ҷǰʱ򣬱һķ󽫾ЧҶ浱ʱڰʵԼ󽫾һ档֪󽫾ʵ֮ǿ
˻ԴܾòװҶǱ㲻ԾĿʼһ˿ЦݣһΣһص侭У
󽫾δأҾûлᡣ


һ Ԫ 004 ˮ֮
峿̫δɽϺ̹ǣ̡
ŨŨ֮УԼɼһɽϻӶ˫ȭͻҹҡ
ٶ֮죬˾ǻӰһ漴˫ȭȻ˶ͻɽȻһɵХȭһһüǰȭͬڵһ͵غȭȭȭһκ̵ɡһ̤ȭͷҲſٴ̳ͬǱӺݺݳһ£žʮը
ȭ󿪴ϣͣҶÿÿһȭԼĺҪ΢΢ͣϼ֣תҲҪͣһȫΪҶÿһȭͬʱԼȫһ˿Ҳ档
ȭȻƼ򵥣ս֮ʵãȴǿҶԾϰɱȭֹ󣬶;ͬ顣еҲ˾ʲô
ɱȭ־ؾ磬Ӧأʮ֮ž磬Ѿһܹ󼰾磬Ҫ֮ʵֱҵͻƣپ
ƳһԱߵһŴҶȻת粽ͬʱȭͷ׼һȻɱȭȭֻơϵĻѩֻ΢΢һ¡ʱ˽ƤĿҶȭͷ֮£Ѿȫѳʮꡣ
תһɱȭҶֵʩˮ˳
žžž
ըҶһȭȭÿһȭڣĶһ˿˿Ŀ⼫Ѿ˳ȫëףڡ
Ҷ֪ЩУ֮жȡԪˣ
һ˿˿Ԫ壬Եı֮⣬õůͬȣҶ沢ûиоԡģҶоЩԪ֮תȫһĸо
ҶоԼøӽʵȭҲһֺ΢ĸоҪҪȥ˵ҶδӶ١һ;Ǹѭ򽥽̣ԪĻӣҲǰףֻͨʱȥĥ
ԾҶȻͣ½ŲüͷҲŽ
Դʮ֮ǰҶӶɽعԪʮҶûһͣ²ȥоƪġ
ǰʮ꣬Ҷһ;ͲİԽо⡶ԪԽǷ֣֮ʵޱȡ˵ͨ츳ţҲһܹ
ƪߵҪ֮ߣһһʼʱԴﵽֻЩѾʮ꣬ﵽϴ跥۷߲л
ǣһҪͨϴ跥۷徳磬Ҫʮ๦תضž磬ͨζͨڴѭΪ֣תֹ𺦡
ؾ֮ǰԭȵĹתֻһ;Է书
ԣҶʮδʼǡԪǲԸҶʵûдﵽϴ跥۷ľ硣ʹԸԷ书ޡԪҲС
һɱȭ꣬ڵһգҶһʯ֮ϣڳһĳԪơ
۾ϸϸžϢŽоѭ֪ǲΪʱЧҶоԼڵѾһ壬ͻϴ跥мĸо
ϲ۾Ҷٴת˵еоѾӽ״̬ȷʵһƿҪͻƵһˡ
ϴ跥磬еֻҪĴУҪм磬ҪһҪͨӵĽСľڽ۷徳磬ҪЩΪϸС֫ϵëϸҲһͨ
Ҷ⣬͸˳ԷһһܳȥĶ޵ģĴҲ޵ġͨͨʳȡߣͨѭؼΪܹܶĴ
Ҷ֪ûʲôݾߣֻÿܶʼӵﴦһ˵Խ񣡲ͣգͣͷţУμͻ˵ʣ
ϰǿҲˣıʣΪ˵壬ʹ֮Ｋޣ
ʮյĿޣ㵽˳ɹϴ跥׶Ѿ˼£ôҾͳһ´֦ͨھһм׶ΰɣ
һҶ˫ǳ۾ıȵĳҲƽϢҶ濪ʼҪһˡʮյĿޣܲ߳ı˵ĵһͿˡ
ɰܣڴһˣ
ԺѸٵķڹķйڳе·漴ҶڵľѸٱӿ⡣
תڲ֪УѾﵽԼǿ״̬֫ٺмڵۣŹ̶·ţһһѭĻǿ
ǿڵľţһ̣ҶоԼľȻ˵Ŀ飬еļ壬һ̾Ȼ糱ˮһȥµľȻǳأҲԼҲеһֹĸо
ָоܺá
ڣڵ˶⣬ҲﵽҶܹƵļ֮ʱȵھͬƵ֮ˮģеľݳȥ
꣡
лȻһͬĴ죬Ҷʱоڵһж˱仯
ڣһ΢ϸСģȫµ·ѾɹĿ˳ǱǰǿһͬˮĲƺ޾
ڳɹˡʱĿޣûа׷ѡ
ҶҪ۾չһʱȻоԼ֫ٺУӿֳһֱԪ
ֱĸоҶǳϤʱϴԼгֵԪоҶ滹ΪǴսԪתȫµģڣҶоֱԪԼûзӦ˲䣬Ѿ¿ٳľ֮С
Ҷһˣ
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ʵЩϲͷˡ
ΪҶȻˣֱĸоʲôһƬصпһˮ֮顱ʵĻֱоԪΪơ
еǸѪҺһͬѭġˮ֮һԪԪ֮ʺԪߵõԪȴԹߣԹߣĪ°빦
ˮ֮ĳ֣ҶһӾͽᵽһáԪʱջֻǵЩšԪĽɫβƣƺˮ֮鼫Ϊơ
һҧҶѹסԼϲٶƽ
Ҷ֪գлһ硣
ȫת֮ʣµضתҶ֦ھ֮µëϸڵˮ֮٣ӴԪ֮У֮еļһ㣬ϡ١ǵ޷Ǽھ֮ıʱҶһȫעЩˮ֮ȫпݺݵسһ㾭ݡ
ʱȥҶѾ˲ʮˡɫΪѪޱȣظ֮ҲǷޱȡҶǿ־ҧסˡ
һˣѾﵽˣһɹҲԲǿˣȻҪˣ
Ҷٴȫȥ
һεĳҶʵѾκϣˡƾҶʵḻս飬ɱȭĹҶҲⲻܸҶ
ҶȴĲȴ񣬾ʱֻꡱһһ㱡ĤͱƵ
˲䣬Ҷʱоٶȴ֫ٺпӿ֮ոͻƳɹʱӿƬ̣ͽĵȫ֮ղŵһ롣
³һҶֻоһƣ̧ͷӭźգҶȴоǰδе㡣
ٹգҶҪҶбȶһȶڱصã
һСȶӮʵҶԣʲô˲Ĵ¡ǣ£ĳЩ£ҶȴסʱãܱԼ⣬öԷ⡣пŪɳ׾˵Ǻ۸
ԣȡģһҪȡ
Щȡģ뾡취κֶΣҲҪȥõ
ҶǰζңһҾٸᣬպҾ㳢书ζ


һ Ԫ 005 ԩ·խ
ͻ֮ҶֻϢһ󣬱ܿͻָ˾
ںɽСϣڼ͵֮תһ˿ɬҲûУҶӵľȡ
ʮվͻС磬Ҷ鼫ãɵãɽСϺСǾʱҶȴԶһŭΪ졣
Ҷüͷһ壬еĺʧӣٵĳǱ߶ȥ
ĺɽźɭ֡ɭֹޱȣǧޱȣҰ޳ûɭֵһЩѨУͨԼ޵Ĵ˵
ƽʱҶȻҲȥɽԣȴûÿߵǱ־ԵĺɼʱҪ˻ҶХ֣ؽģҶ֪׾Сɼ֮ڣһԼ޷ֿΣա
ҶӲɸ׵ĻȷʵδɼʹǺɼΧɭеҲҶڵˡ
Ǹɽأ˷һɽһɽӺɽ룬ɽ֡ЩɽȻЩΣգõĻżҲܹѰһҩƽʱŲҶӵܵҪײײҶҲ̬ɭѰ֥ҰɽΣֻǣãûҵ
Ҷߵ÷ɿ죬֮ǴĵطҲԶһҶ㿴·ڷһȺˡȺ˵·ͳһģŻΣı־Щ˿ȥ඼ʮңȻҶͬҶӵܡ
Ҷ͸ǽֻ·룬׳˶Ӱպǽ·ھˡ⼸ӰǰΧһĿĴꡣ
ǴͨĻɫ··ȻҲŻƱ־ʾҶӵܣ·ϺΧס궼ż𣬲ֲ˲٣滹ಹЩطڲִһɼҲΪȡ
ǸӵǳüΪ࣬ʮͣȴһ׾ſ⣬Χס߳һͷ˫˫żΪǿ׳죬Ȼֻһȴ˿Ե䣬ɼΪҲ
ӣҶú졣ȷӸҶӵܡҶһҶ͵Ĺʮˣȴûһ˳
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ڼѰ˺þãҶ˭
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˿̣Ҷ濴ƺ鷳
Ҷ㲻Ҫ̫ˣ
˫ĿݺݶǼӰͷһˣҧ֡ͬʱϣץסһöɫ˲ģĶ
ɫ˲ģֲҶҲǸ۾һ
Σ֮У̺ԪҩϵȻ°빦óȥֵһϡ
ӵĹǿҶĸҶХѾؾߣľг䵱ְλţһٷ򳤵λܲġǣʹˣҶХһ굽ͷؼҲʮҲҪҶá
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ѵҲ´ˣҶܶҶָʹ
Ҷ뵽ܾ߼˵ͨ
Ҷǰ֮࣬ᱻɱΣֻתͷһ룬뵽еһҶôô֪ҵһΣڶҶΪʲôҪϵԼ书ʹҶյ˻Σ˾ҪȶҪƾͻƣʱҲ
ֻ˵ͨ
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ô죬ǵ£ʲôϵʶģϿÿҪһ֣ȷʵǵĶ֡ߺߡ˲˵ҪӲҼʹƴˣҲҪϵ
˵䣬¶֮ɫͳøߴ࣬׺ޱȣʱϾȻ¶һ˿ɱ
Ҷ⻰ɵøоһóԲ˵ЦЦġҶɫ֮ˡȻԼͷһŭڵĴ
˵㼴ʹƴˣҲҪҷϵ㵱ҶʲôˣȻô˵Ҫǲᣬ̫Բ㣡ãֵǣ֣
ҶȻ˲˺ҲҪǿЩš
ԭΪֻҪԼװһҪƴģԷôҲҪɵ֡û뵽ҶȻ˹һʱ䣬вԥβǮ෴ԼѾһƿ̺ԪҩͻơɭѰ˺ü£˺ôľѰҵΣôܹأ
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ס֣
Ҷ˺붼ҪֵʱȻһ˵Ŀⶼȥ
䣡
ʱҶ潫ԼӳԼ˫ϡҶ泯һ̤߸Ծ𣬴ּľУȻ
ҶͻȻ֣Ҷһ˵ɫʱЩˡҶСͱֳ츳ȻҶһ㾪žޣǣ֮ںܶӵܶҪǿһңҶΪֱ̫һͬҶһ˴ϲ
ҶڰǰҶսҲȷʵǶҶָʹġҶӵҪȷҪϵҶ档
һʼҶȻԥǻͷһ룬Ӻʹ֮䣬һ˽Ҫ̳оλġѡ˴ӣȻӣѡ˶ӣȻӡȻԼѾѡ˶ӣԼȻѡӡҶ棬Ҳǵзѡ
۹ȡǷַƣӵкλͬʱӵзķǷԲһǧһǧڣ죬ǵءȾλҲֲöҶͺʹҶҪභ꣬Ҷ游ǺҶλʧܣź޶աȻĻҶĵλ͸ҶͶԵˡ
Ҷ棬ʲô
ҶҶ֣ʱЩ˺һվһԭ˿ȻֵҶ棬ҲҶһ˿£
ʲôߣҶѵ֪𣿡Ҷ˵ƳһԱߵ룬аҡͷҲһڶбƵĿ棬Լ֣ҪǰԼһΪӵڶˣһ;ҲҪܴ졣
ʲôҲ֪Ҳֻ֪Ҫ㲻ңҾ͵ûм㡣ȻˣһᣡҶĿ˵

˲£Ҷ⻰ȴǺȻЦ
ãҶȻĺӵܡȲҪĻ˵ˡ֮ǰԼսĶ磬ǰѱȶǰһΣҲҶǺô磡
һԵҶĻʱȫĿⶼ˵ҶǰҶҶҲ˲ټܣÿһΣ϶ҶԿ֮ǰҶȻ˵ԼܹӮҶ棬һóԼıܶע˱ΪҶˣǰҶȻͻƵϴ跥۷徳磬˲ŻȻ
ҶҶĻ̲סǡǰѾΪõ鵤İͻƵϴ跥۷徳磬֮֮ǰʵ֮𡣳ҶҲҵͬȼ鵤ҩսʤԼںڣȴҶͣûܹƳƷ׵ĵҩҶΪѾԶҶ档
ֻҪҶˣʱֿȥȡһö鵤˵ͻƽڿľ硣ʱ򣬾ʸܼ幩רϰ䣬ȥҩˡ뵽⴦Ҷǰ̤һãҶ棬ҵġɲҪҲֵ֮顣


һ Ԫ 006 书
Ҷ⻰ЦѣǿѹסͷһѽҶɱͷ
ҽֵ֮飿Ҳ䣿
˭Ҵˣ
㣬㸸ˣҲܹʮǰأʱһҲðӾݣҲƤıˡ
ûᣡ
ʱҶҶȻ㱣֪ԼĻᡣ͵һ󼱳壬粽ҶǰҪץסһҶ档
Ҷָճȭ˲ҶŴ˹䣬һȭȻԼٵķҶѾʮʵ
һȭҶ濴Ȼ˵Ϥ
ҶļǵãһģһһȭϵԼӺĸ׺Сá
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ڶ۷徳磿
һ֣ҶǸоԾҶĸоȻ˿ģҶܸоҶӿǹɿ񱩵
ҶӾǣҶʲôʱȻ˵ˣ
ĺɢŨҵɱ
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ƣⲻֻеؾ磬ȥ似ҶѧģһҶƣΧʱȻһƬ
ҶȴǸûκξȣĿֱֱȭӰ˵ҶһƵƲҶΪҶǰսḻɵıҵȭ
һŤҶȻǰһҶȻָ֣ȭݺݵغҶظ֮
Ȼк֮ģҲٸһҲɱ㡣ǣҪ书
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飡飡飡
ϵը죬ѸٵĴҶؿڴ
ҶֻԼؿھǱ޴ݺݵغһ£ҪһʹҲܲסһɺѪڵʱҡ
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ҶŵĿҶȭͷոһҶȻֳԼΪҶһʱԽܡֻĲֻάһ˲䣬޴ʹһӾͻ˹ȥ
ƾ˵ɱˣҶֱӱѪ֪ΧȺҶӵܣʱҶȫǾּİǰ֪Ҷǣȴû뵽Ȼ˺ݾ
ֻҶƣ˱֪һشʹҽˣԺҲȻǷһҲ޷书ˡ
ֵͬܰ
Ҷ˦˦䣬˫ȭޱĿҶֻһ˿ֻΪĺ⡣
ǵã˰ѱܶҡҪ˱ȶҪˡƲ㣡
Ҷ仰󣬿ҲЩһۣתߡ
ֱ߳ȥԶҲЩ˵ʱҶͷһԼ֣Ҷ΢΢˦һ˦ĨȥҶӿѪգĿֱüᶨޱȡ
ֵͬܣǺǡұǿµľң


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һǰ۵ͯվһţغ棬СһҪʢŵҩƿӡ
ʱϵĴŲûйϣ͸Ƶ֮˶ԿΧŵ¯תҴ߶ӰӰҶƹԼĶҶ͡
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ǡʱӵĲȻһ٣˱¯֮з˵һ˱һ֮ӵ¯ƮɳҶҲ΢΢һ¶ͷϸԭһ˿Ҳ¶һ˿Ц⡣
˿Ҷ͵ЦݣȻ֪һ¯ҩˡ
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֮ͯ⣬һӿҶʹ󹦸ɣǰˮҶ;֡Ҷūһ㣬棬ȴõڸܼҡеѾۣϿɶ
Ҷᡰšһ£תͷǡʵҶǱˣպıȶǲ׼ˣ
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ֻǣܼҶ⻰ȴһʱ˵Ҷ͵ĸ֮ˣȻҶ͵ļƻ
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ͨһֱӹͷҲΪкҶ͵ʢŭʼð亹
Ҷ͵üͷʼ΢΢𣬶ʱڵĵϵӱоҲųĺҲüˡ
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Ҷ͵Щԭһо֮е£Ȼ©Բġƽֲƿصĸо
ܼҵͷ̧ͷҶһۣ֪˵ĺأֻսս˵Ѿȹˣڸղš
ȹˣأ
ҶȻжԹܼҷʣѾ֪˽ֻǣҪȷһ顣ΪҶ䡣ҶڰǰʵֻҶǿһ㡣ҶڷԼöԪӦͻƵϴ跥۷徳磬ԶԶҶ档
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һ Ԫ 007 ֮
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ƻ˵ƽĸоȻĺҹȴܻĪĿֻš
û𣿵ĳסҶһ۲ԶԺȣϲһȭ
ԴɽʱҶˣҷϵ书Ҷһ綼ûгȥĵڼ˳ĸæһЩżҲȥҶضʶֻ֡ǣעȴһֱδиʱԺԼҵһȡҶԶҶ͵ʶ֪һһжϲƿֵˣԼıԲſ
һʱ䣬пܾǽ졣
ȻʱҶĶ΢΢˶һٵĽŲȵͷ˹ҶһЦˡ
˾ȻڸܹܼҶʱҶҲԾҶȻڸܹܼңʵϣ˭֪ǶҶ͵ĸҶȥ书Ҷֶӡ
ܼҶҶȻڼңϱ¶ظı顣
ܼʲôҪԸ𣿲ܲɣĸ׿ɲڼҡҶ̧ͷһۣ˵
Ҳĸ׵ġרġ֪ûʱ䣿
ƽʱҶԲһСô˵Ҷġ˵ֶʵϣݱ֮Ҷҵӻġ˵ΣǾЩǩūͶȲϡңҶʵʵڽֶҶˣҶжҶûкǾԲܵġзԸǾΥġ
ң
Ҷһ˿Цһţ漴¶ֵı飬ɵһʲôСӣͷܼһˣ
ҶޱȣոҶϵһ˿ЦȻصļ죬ȴǷˣҶ沢Ѷʱ䣬ʱ䣬ϢһɣܼʱҶȥʱ䣬Լȥһᰤ
ҶżҲҶ湧һֵСֶүǰȥԷúþһۡҹǶѾԸ廨ľƷԲֶүϲġ
ֶү
ҶЦЦȴһ¡ҶͣǱȻҪȥһġϾԼʱ벻ҶҪΪԼԼʵôҲġ
ܼô˵廨ľƷԲжţϧڶȴûлһţ˵ǳˡΣѵð˵գҶסܼҶ֣ƼɴľԷȥ


ռĶٶϸΡĽ֮£ǵɽӺͥ԰ɽͬһССһ㡣Էϵӵܵľס֮ٻа˳ɶۼ
ҶСǵһνԷȻҶѾһΣǰھ֮ȴǴûмݳ޵ľ԰ĳһһʱиͷ
ǵشϣԶྩ֮ǧ֮ۼʵ֮ǿǰһٶŲϣǣʹˣլ֮ۡѾݻ˵Щ󣬹ְߵĸ߹ٹǸӡ뵽⴦Ҷо˸Ҳ֪Щʲô
ݻľ԰ֻҶľһ˿ʧأܿ죬Ҷ㽫Ŀջһ죬ԼҲӵЩҪĽ
Ҷ£Ҷ洩֮󣬺ȻŵһĻԼıӡ
ҶҶɫȣʱ캮ض㣬ԺȴʢĻ䡣ǲǸо֣ҲֲʶǳǰҲŵġɶֶΣܹģаѩٻޣۣиˡ
˵꣬ҶȴͣסǰСԺעĿһۣҶһĶӾ㡣
Ҷ˵ͷһ˿Ҳη壬̧űСԺ֮ڶȥ
СԺ֮Ҷ㿴԰̺죬涷ޣ˻һ㡣Щ䣬ڴʢģɽգҶȴڷ֮гŰѩĵ˵ĸоЩ䣬ҶȴǴûмǶҶԼƷ֡
Ҷ棬ˣ
Ҷͳ£ƮݡһɫۣӭŶѩ¾ͻй֮ʿ緶ϧ΢һЩʱˡ
ңҲҶҲƴǣֱ¡
壬Ҷ͵üͷʱһҶ濴˺һٳٲ˵˿˿â˸֪Щʲô
áҶҵĺöɡһʵǽеĺãҶͲŭЦվĿƶҶ棬˵ִƺ£ȴ˻һֶӣǶĲǡԷһơ
˵꣬Ҷ;ٱһ
ܿ죬Ա߱ѾƣǰΪҶһơѾ߲ԹɫҶҲһơֻǣҶ濴žƣȴǶҲһһ¡
Ҷ棬ʮ꣬ʵѾﵽڶص۷徳磬ҹΪȻû˿ѵáʣܳء֮ڣأ֮ڣءǲ⣬ʮǰܴﵽ۷֮ʮ֣ķ󽫾ҲǾˡ
ʮؾ磬һ߽ǰسΪ쾳磬ǳΪ쾳硣쾳쾳ȻͬʮؾУֶȴر
Ҷ⻰ȴ΢ЦڶҶڿԼֳԼҪ£ԼģֻҪԼֳһ˿Υ˼ҶţҶͻԥĽԼϵң˿ºۼ
ҶͼҶ沢¶һ˿糣аԵͷ޵áҶĺֶҲԵ׽½иҹոˣǺȾơ
ҶȴֻҲ˵ҲȾƣҲԶֻĿŶҶ͡
ӼҶ治꣬ҲƱɫʱЩиһ˿ŭ⣬Ҳʼ
ѵƲã廨Բθڣ
ǡ˼
Ҷ⻰һݣ˵ˡ
̧ͷҶӭҶ͵˿ʱͽڵĶԻ飬Ȼš
£Ҷ澶ֱ˵ǺþƣԲҲǺԲϧʱܲºȺþƣԺҲȲı˾ơȺԲԺĶҲԲԲ
Ҷ˵꣬Ҷ͵ıĻָԭģλã
ҶĻҶ͵ȻˡҶ˵ʱܲ𣬱޵ıʱ޷˵ǺþƣԲǺԲǱʾӵѾסĻǱʾҶҲϣܹԵЩöѾͶϵ˼ˣϧˣҶ˼ǣʱԼ
뵽⴦ҶͿҶ΢ºһЩ
Ҷ͵ҶĿԡҶ漴ʹЩ츳һʮ꣬жңҶĸҶХھЧԼ֮顣ʱҶͶԼ޷
ϧҶȴ֪ⲻҶ֮ҶУûҪЧһӵĴ㡣ǴҶ£Ҷͣǻδ¶ɵҶˣҶûнǵǱԼݸ߹ҡ
ҶòһΣҪƴһôԵүĶͣ
˶˵ѾҲ۹۱Ǳǹģһ˿졣
һҶ̧ͷҶνýǲ࣬Ҳûçײʹ³ҸղŵĶԴ𲻱ԣʱѩƮҶ汳УҶ;ȻҶϸоһ˿ǡ
ҶͶҶͣкܿ˶ơҶֻҪúʹڲΪãպҲף˭ֵЧ֮ˡ
뵽˴ӲԼպȻҶЩ̫ˣԼľٶѾԼǴ粼ڸеߵС˶Լļƻǲ
뵽ҶͺȻƱݺݵˤһ¡ɫһ˲ޱȣָҶǳɫҶ˼أ˽±ȶֽˣҷֱΣҽټҷ¡һ¾ҪսϼʱǱֲãӦ֪
ȥ
ҶҶͺȻת̬ȣ֣˼֮󣬺֪ܿҶͿģԼھܵѡ
ҶвЩǰҶҲˣҶǺԸΪЧġ
ϧЩˣˡҶ书ȻҪЮҶ游ЧҶĺܡҶⱲΪҶЧǾԲˡ
Ҷˡ
һݣҶװɫֵ̿˳ȥ
һţҲƵ뿪Է
Ҷߵü죬ȴǲϣСԺڳʱһԽȴһѾʢŭֿҶֻӴܣȴйâ˸Ҳ֪Щʲô
ȵҶ뿪Ѿ߱ҴҵһСŶȥ
СţֱͨҶ˵Ժӡ


һ Ԫ 008 Ы
ҹžº޷硣
Էһשߵ鷿֮ڣһʮھⲽһģ״Ԫ±¼¶˵ıض֮꿴⾭ģü΢Ц·ħ֢һ㡣
Ҷˡ
ԣȴǺȻһ󼱴ٵĽŲͣ⣬ɱ㽫ķϡ
ſɡ
⻰һŷۺаŮӱһ¿ٵĴ˷ڡ
ôˣɲʱ䡣
Ҷ˿Ůǰüͷ΢塣ǰţ˵ҶСҪ˽±ȶһҶһҶ档£ҲûʲôȤ֪ҶĸԼĸҶĸȴԼĸɾȤˡģˡȻ֪¾ȻԼλƵġ
ѾȹˡŮӺȻڵڽ硣
ŶҶȤأ˭ӮˡҶʵӦòԪҶɡļƻҪɹˡ
Զѩ̿ҶⱲӲѧ䣬ʱҶʩƣҶҪǲ֪ʵ϶Ҷ͸ж¡ʱҶҲȫκҶ棬ôšȵҶĸҶХЧˣκҶ档ƻҶÿÿԼԼƵĻǡ
ļƻէ֮µȱȴ֪ҶХǸۡҶХˣöвҲѡѵġˣҪʵǿޱȣԣȻġҶ棬˵Ҳ츳ĺӵˣǿϧˡ
Ҷ˵ͷ̾Ϣһ䡣תͷȴŮӺлҪ˵ɵֵôˣ
ŮӵͷȥҿҶˣ˵ҶӮˣǸҶ˵Ǳ书ˡ
ʲô
⻰Ҷ˵ֺȻһԭľģȴǻĵ˵ϡ
ţŮӱ㽫Լ֪һһҶˡ
Ҷ󣬲ɵüҶ汻ϵ֪ͨҶХھɢҥԡʱǴȻϧҶȻȥˡ
УභҲ֪һǶֻʲôֶΡżȻǾҪ϶ɹˡ϶ıҿɷסôΡ
ҶȻ뵽ʲôɱһ֡
˵϶Ҷ潻̸֮ŭ𣿺ãҲҶ滹һã⼸ÿ춼ȥɽץȥɱ϶֣Ұ֡ʱãʱ˭ỳ϶ŭ֮¸ɵġ
ߣ磬һѣĸһɡ
Ů⻰жʱ¶壬̵ǣŲʮꡭǻδ˵꣬ŮӭҶʱѺ仰ʻ˶ˡ
ǣˡ


һҹ޻
ڶ峿컹ûдһʮģ꣬Ҷġܶ顱Ҷļ½ģԭǸҶƨɺͷģڴܼҶɸԼֶӵĹӡ
ʱšܶ顱սսվҶǰ棬˵ʲôһҶڴʲôҲ˵ˣӶҶҶһȭѪ˵ı顣Ҫһ죬ԼҲŶ˵ĻۻԼѾˡûҶǰǣڹ塣
Ҷû˼һ۵뷨֣һѽװšܶ顱Ǹ˹һȷ֮󣬱ۻֵˣԻȥˡ˳ҶܣҪΪʲô֪
Ҷ뿪ƵķɱȥһҲ·ʲô̶Ѩ
⡰ܶ顱ֽбܶǱܶЧȴôȻĻҶҲסֺöͱˡҶ浱ʱҪҶáܶ顱עҲΪӵЧΪԼҶطǳϲӡҶֻһãȻáǰûʲôᡣһлᣬȻϧκζ
Ҷѡܶ顱ҶصͷԱߣ뵽Լûʱ˵ģϱЦ⡣
ĴתתҶʵЩġʱֻҶһˣĸ׺Сһͳȥ˶죬Ҷ治ܿʱͿĸȥ˰׬ǮСǶȥ岶׽һЩСＫȤȻûκջ񣬲ҶСҲָץʲôֻҪ˾ͺá
ԭһжһûʲôɲ֪ΪΣҶܾвõ¼
ԸҵĸоǴġ
ҶҡҡͷѹԼӵɽȥÿʱҪɽȥ书ͻƵڶϴ跥۷徳磬⼸Ǽȹ̾ʱɲҵ顣
ǣɽ˼ȭַĸоԽӵˣҲȥˡ
ԾԾûɽôҡ׻ᷢʲôأҪϸһ룬ǰʱ򵽵׷ʲô£Ҷ濪ʼĿ˼
һվûͷǣ㰴ʱ˳ȺʼйԼ뿪֮ǰ¡
ұҶˣˣȻº󣬸սһҰļΣʲô·ϣСúĸȫΪ
ԡĸ׿Ϊ׵СȻ书һֱܺãôᡭ뵽ҶоЩԾˡ
ˡ˻ԲѵʱСóȥҲҩƷʲôϡǵãСǻ赹˱ͻġȻģǺʲô߶
ôܣǴ죬һ㶼Ҫߣô߶Ƿ˹ҪСã
뵽ҶԺȻڶҶ͵Ժ￴԰Ļ涷ޡȻܹôĵĻ¡￪ţضڶҶͶԣһҪߵ߲ߣӦǼΪ򵥵ġ
ǶҶͣ
Ҷлһ˿ɱ⣬ޱȡ漴Ҷָе鲻Ծ
ǣǶҪ֣бҪ𣿳ǡҶȻ뵽ղǶִƣҶִơҪִΨһĿܾǡ
̵ְ벶ȸں
ԭˣ

һеһУҶлȻʡҶϲһУҶڱ󣬼ٽҶ͵ݺ
ԼǰУӦҶˣ
ĻСǡ
һˣҶɫʱ䣬˷һɽȥһ·СĵˣϥǺֱϱһӣѪ죬ȴһҲ˲ϣֻƴܡ
Сó£
ܣ
ҶûţȫҶغЦݡ
硭磬ܱ𣿡
عԣҪȸգʲô綼أڲС
硭磬ǸСӺƯܸҲһ𣿡
عԣȸ糤׬ǮҪʲô綼㡣ڲС

ΪԼСþȥĻҶԲԭԼġǸףҶ淢ģһҪԴš
Ҷ۾Ѿͨ죬ʱһͷ˶ɵޣ˭ǰԥĽ˺顣
üǧü
ҶûıţвϵС·սǵʱҶͻȻͣס˽Ų
ԶһϮɫСаѩĵϣããУһ̹˵ۡ
Сã
һϮаҶסɤЩ
Сã
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Ҷ˲þԵͰậһһѣץųâ̵ľһ·ǰı̴̴Ѫ죬ϵ˿ڱʹѾЩľ
ѾˡУϣΪûпҶصĵʬ壬ʾһϣ
£ȻҾȫҸᣡ
Ҷݸǰûʲô˿־壬ƹǰĹľ֮󣬼ԼСõʬ塣
κ뷨Ҷħһ㣬ֻ˰žȥֱۣϣգȫѪ죬һ˿Ҳûע⵽

ʱҶȻҶصһһ̣ҶȻһӿٲԡ
ֻҶصڵϣǰһԼһ׶೤ͷϳĶ߶³ӡ
ߵ䣬˸Ѫɫ׹⡣ʰ쵵ۣ˺¡
ⶾҶ֮ǰδ˭ֻҪһģĶߣΨֱ֮
Ҷû£ҶñŵһֻҪҶػûбҧˡҶڣһСߣôҶǰ˵Ҷء
߼Ϊ׺ҶҲ£еĹâ
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ݣ
ۣ
߸ոմҶб㽫һö̺ݺݵ˳ȥϹעҶھٶޱȣ˴ƿХδ𣬱ѾߵԴסˡ
˼£ûнԴӼѳȻһʱûȥǣʱѾ޷˺ҶˡҶһֱʱŷԼȫ¶˿ڣʹҪ
ԼСƽʱһжֵõġ


һ Ԫ 009 ȡ
ҶҶû£ᵽɤ۵΢΢һ˿ΨǶҶҲ˲ʹ˾Ҷر˳
ҶصɫˢףոһȻܳĶʵǽŻˣֱʱҶ汧ڻ΢񣬲ɵĴ
磬ϥϺʹ
⻰Ҷ治ɵôʧɫѵǸոСѾҧˣ
Ҷͣ½ŲҶطϸϥǣҶϥϵ޿ˤƵĺۼǲ񱻶ҧ˵ģһҶҲҴ⡣
Сãʹ˵ˣûҧ㣿Ҷ濴Ҷأʵ
ûˣϥЩʹûҧң粻Ҫġոˡ
ҶӲȥйµļ飬Сùԣޡ㲻ǺϲҶǿС𣿸ѾӮˣڼšһ£ȥܼˡ
𣿡
Ҷ⻰治ˣ¶˷ܡСӶʹ£ģҶһ˵ͰѸոյΣˣԺֻϲĶ
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ҶҶؾھУ˺ѿҶҲѿҶʱӦһڼšңҲ򵥣ױ˲鵽һⶾ߻
Ҷ棬ҶҲԼʱһᶢԷ֡ȻǾԲĵġ
ҶѾƣ˼Ƭ̣ҶصСã£װҧ˵ģʲôҪ˵һж硣
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Ҷ棬ת˻ȥ
棬ǴҶ㿴һ̼аѾߣĴӾ˳һƤƵĴӣװߵĴӡ
Ҷ濴Ļ᲻ף
ȻҪɱСã
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ȻҶֺ˳ĶǸѾߡ
Ѿ߱飬ʱȻҶֺ棬ȻһҪֹͣһһ˲ɫһӱˢףȫëҲһ£Ҳ˺ôˡ
Ѿ߶ͷ亹乣Ҳű䣬ǸװŶߵƤҲҪ֡˺üĭżѵЦҶ棬ô
Ҷ治˵ֻǶĿ絶̺˿˿ɱɨѾϣǸѾֻԼëĸһй紵ȫֻ¡
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˭Ҷʵһ˿飬ʵѾٶʲôⲻΪǰɵϰߡΪһǰ˵Ļٶһôġ
Щ˵ԺԼϴæ
ѾҶʻȴΪҶڼɵʲôʱбһ˿ϣѿڶ͵ǶߵźѾߣСɡһЩ˵վʱܶˡ
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һûҵɫٲȥ˿ܻҡԣҸûȥˡ
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ݡ
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Ƥӵ˵ϣװŵĶȻȻҲסҶǰ
¶ģһĨɫӦǼΪ
ƵģɫŤŤ䣬һ˵Ķĵĸо
ģûԸȶһ
ϦбǡǲɫϣȻŤһ£Դ
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ậҶ۾жȻһâһŤʱһöâ̱Ť
ûҵҪҵĶңѾҵҪҵĶҶ浭Ȼ˵Խ˵棬ԽӵȻ
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ıѩδڻҲĿ¡ǰŮӴһɫļаųȹŵ·š
ӦǼΪġϧҶʲôϧˡ
Ҷٶȼ죬գ֮䣬ѾѾߵǰչ¶ǰǣһʩۣ֬ͷһЩڻĻѩʪģһ㷢մǣ滹һ㾧Өˮ顣Ҳ֪Ǳѩ亹
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ŮȻҲǺеĸ˼ңһϲݻģߵѾҲǸ߼ȥģеѾòɶٮٮߡ
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ˡ
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ԣɫĶߣһֱԴѪɫ˫˸ŵĹâµһɲǣǵȺһ㣬͵Ĵ¶˼ݺݵҧĲϡ
Һһ˲䣬ͨͨѪ⣬ٿȻӿ롣ǹѪŮӵӿƬ̣Ůӱ㿪ʼ鴤Σȫ裬°ĭ
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ˡ
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ȡ
Ҷ濴Ѿߵʬ嵹ڵϣ֪뵽ʲôкȻâ˸˼£ҶȻͳ˻еذףѾߵֱһѪʳ
Ҷ˼Σһһд⣬
д֮Ҷ㽫ذƵķŽԼĻתȻȥ
һΪ£ؼҵ·ϣҶȻúǷţҲ̲סЦ

ҶͺͷòͣȴǺȻ˵﷢һʬ壬ǾʬǶߵźѾߡСɡӺͶգҲû˳Է飬æǴȥ
ȵǴҶͱ㿴Լһ۶ҲѾߵʬԱߡ
׶ߣѾʧ˺ЩˣΪԼܵˣȴȻӵб˻ɡȶֵͷѾߵϾȻһѪ֣ɫһӾͱüΪѿ
бЩɣԼԼ簲ŵļѪ֣뵽ԼĶߺȻﻹʲô벻׵ģ
ֻǣѾʲôʱʼѱģҶȴ벻ͨ
ǣصУ̽ȥ֮ȴȻ֣һоȻԼ簲ŵģԼҶ˵ı
һȣʱҲɵˤ˱ӡ
ԭڲ֪УѾֶΡСˡϧ


һ Ԫ 010 ڿ
ʱҶɱǸСɵѾߣѾȥаˡ
ʱ䣬ҶæԼߵˣٳСͽȴûʲôҶ档ҶԴںɽϵҶ书ЩԭҶ治ͷҶӵÿҶ棬˱ᣬԼҲҶһù
Ҷ濴ηı飬ȴǸ̾ˣʱ򻹾ǲ̫ãη塣ÿŸԼԡ
Ҷÿ壬ھԽĸоԼʵԣѾȶڶϴ跥۷徳ˡҪһ׶Σǻһ
νһֺ˵ĶʱһͷԼˣĿˡʱʲôȻ巢˱仯
ҶҲżΪͻƵؾԣںԺмصġԪ
磬ӦÿԪϼصĹ˰ɣ
ԪƪϼصĹҶ֪һ㹦ͬ
֮УΪض֣֮֮ˣҪӦԼԶܸ˵һӵԵ֣Ǻ֮֡
Ҫ빦ӦԽһȻ±룬ңɷˡ
Ҳ˵Ҫһ˵ĺǻԣôþԪҪˮԪĻ±룬ֺã˵ңˮԳ壬ɷˡ
ǣ⡶Ԫƪȴ˵֮㡱Ҳ˵㱾ʲôԣֻҪⱾеԶȫ󣬻أͨͨ㲹ȫ
һֻһԹˣͬʱüԹˣȻҪԿġ
⹦˵ģȻľص䡣ǣҶû¼ŹģңʱҪԷ书Ҳ֪ʱ򣬸жա
ԣһʱ䣬ҶҲû¾Ҫȥ

ڴ಻ֹ
Ĵڴϣž죬Ϊĳ֡
Ҷһϲˣԣϲ죬ǣꡣ
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ȻһӣҶ֪ٷ£ֵǣȴûз£εӡԺС
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ԼһĸСͬΣգԼ
һ뵽⣬Ҷշת࣬Ҳ˯žˡ
ҶȻƿӣ
ǰӷ£ʵо̫ûˡ
ҪˣҲļҶ֮Сԣֳʵ̫Сˡ
Ҷһߣһ츳ܲߣֻҪԼŬУ룬Ҳڶʮʮؾ磬;ԣʵıƵ¡лᣬϲֱӵֶƿһС
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ңߣһ߹ݡ
ѧգҡ
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ǰҶ󽫾Ч󽫾ƴʮоҪǴУȴ˻ΪȨƵ֮һȹپڴ󽫾Уֵһᡣ
ϧڵʵʵ̫΢ȥ󽫾ЧҲûʲôĻᡣ˵ãֱսҲûпܡ
Ҷ뵽̾һ⡣
ѾС˰ҹͣļˡģǺصƲ㣬һԲ»֣ɢŧ¹⣬ˮ£γһΣӨ

ҶȻĳһӴ¡
ƿСݵľţһɴˮ֮ⴵ͸ͷһ塣
ģҶȻ߳⣬ԼϡˮģҶĸо¶ȡ
֪ΪΣʱҶкȻðһͷȥɽ
Ҷһ΢֮£ѾԾΧǽĺɽ۶ȥµȻŢҶŲɣˮ棬ȴǸ鶯
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ûжҹ꣬ȻһҲûеġ
һ٣ҶȻͣ
Ҷ̧ͷգڱΣǿԶš
Ҷ濴գǿԼδȥԼδһһȻˡ
ٵȥˣʮ꣬ڶ۷壬Ҫʮؾ磬мûҲ֪Ҫʮꡣʱ̫м޻ߵħǣֻս֮УȥоǣһԱûУ
Ҷ氡Ҷ棬˶Ψص䲻죬ص䣬ȴη˾壬㻹ǰǸһǰҶηηʲôɷ򣿡
ҶпʼԺصľҲŹҪǿҶһ㡣
Уһ¼Ʋ㣬ȴѾȫͣˣŨޱȵҲɢ˿һʱ䣬ϡԱ
ɷؼ䣬ܺһǰһˣ
Ҳգɣ
Ҷһ϶жʱڵأ泯壬ԪתһʼѭڵʼС
ǰĲҪʮΪÿһʮȫ޳֮ȫȻһӡڵҶŸոһ룬ɻԶء
Ҷľĳ󳦾θ֮ĹؿڣܹͻһؿڣθĻôڿľˡ
ֻǣҶʱû׼Ҫؿڣ밴աԪ˵תԽԽ죬гĸоܲãҪƵĸоתСڴһۡ
ʱҶȻоڵľгһ˿ָоһͻʱˮ֮ġ
ʱˣԪ˵ˮ֮޸ص㣬ҪƶɹԪƪһԪˮԪȻܳɹ
뵽ҶһԼﴦһģʱ䣬оﴦתļȻһɬȫµҲһ󶯵󣬱ǴûгֹһʧӰ١
һжʱӿҶͷʧȥֽűüΪĳٶָۣоҶʹܿ죬ҧأƣʹת𡶻Ԫ֮
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Ҷʵ˷ܼˣ
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Ⲣǽ
ʱҶоڵĵȻʼһͬ˰ֱǵĹؿڡ˼ΣûгɹҶûδʱսȶһܳȥ
ʱһѭûɣҶ˹ûжʲô
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ǹ⵶һѪˣɲɵصһ˲Ӻһһɾ䡱һһٳ忪󳦾θ֮ĹؿڡԸθ֮У̫ξ󳦾ʼγһѭ
Ǹ˲䣬ҶʱоǰһȻԼڵһСѪ࣬һһϵķβʵϣû۾
ҶһףԼͻˣ
ӵͻƵڿ
ҶϷǵ֣꣬ǹҫɽҡҷȻ˵
ҶЦһҲƵżȥ


һ Ԫ 011 ½
ͻƵڿľ磬ҶȻˣǰϾһڰؾǿߣԣҲǰͻƺ˷ܡһȴǷԼڼѪĤΪǿһǰ㣬Ե
ûˣڵѪȻǰǿ˲٣ٶȥ꣬ұȻܹٴͻƣʮľ硣ʱʮȫϣѪһѭϢȫƤĤҲؽʵͬţƤһǧĻʹҽҵսһҲնɱҡ
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Ҷüͷ˼ôҲס
Ҷ治аǿתȭˣǵûһǰɱ֮⣬಻ϣͬˮһĴҶôʹоŤ
Ҷͣ¶һ˼뵽ʲôüͷչ
ˣԭǾнԵĹɱȭǽΪԵֱӵһ֣ǾյķϹ֮󣬻ԪƪѾҵȫı䣬ʱֻˮԹˡҲֻнˮԹһˮľľԵĹʱۣһͬߣ˵ҵĶ֣
Ȼǰ;ޱȣʵȴǲпҪԼóĹȴҪתȥǰδĹҶһʼǸоʴӡ
Ͼǰڰأеľ书ĺܣʲôʱʲôжĺܡһӻԼϤԹЩӦҺãҶǰҲռ˲ԵĹʱУǿмŹ
ֻǣʲôأ
ҶʱѾ뵽ˮԵĹһǲȭһ½ҶҶ͵ӵܴĶȭΪȭˣȥȱȻܹ°빦
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Ҷǵ֣ͬԼ֫壬Ѿƿ磬ѾͨˡЩͨӵܣûбȽԡ
ǣڲûгֵıҪһͨıҲҪʮӣؽвûжٸԣʵڲΪСĸΪѣȻʵǲТ
Ҷ룬Ȼ뵽һأֻҪӵܹﵽؾ󣬾ܵõ幩һǮ
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ɽУȱľ֦ҶһͿʼ趯
еļ䣬Ƶһ½Ϊǵһ趯ƺԼתǳ裬˿ΪĿЦһͯ档ʱתĿʽʽδתȥˣһ󼤵Ҷһоؿڳơ
ҶصĽ֦һӣ⽣ȭȷȫͬ˵ˮԵĹǼͲϣͬϽˮһ㣬һơҶ֮ǰĽԵĹͬһɱһһǰơ߸ȫͬ
ҶһоûͷҲ֪żʯϣҪϢһ󣬺úĥĥ⽣֮
ɾʱҶĶȻ˶ʲôóֵ
Ҷ治źۼļװڿ羰ȥȴĴӹ
Ҷʮ״һԣҶȻһӰҶ۾ʱһ˿ɣ
ʲô˵ķο϶Ҷҵӵܣ˭ĶʲôģӦڼԼѵԼɱǸСɵѾߵ£˷ˣԶҶ˼Լ
Ҷ汾ΪǶҶ˼Լ漴һоԲԼÿ书ڵӦǶ֪ġԼܵõʲôõϢ룬ҶҲҲʲôɣΪʲôԷҪԼ
Ȼ䣬һͷҶһӲˣתͷȥǴǶҶ˶ԼĻϲӦҶ
Ҷоâ˸ȷԼӦò´ڣ˵ʲô˻ĻһǶӣڶҶҶͣѾС󣬱Ѿ˾֮±ҶץʲôѱǾԲĿŵ˼Լġ
ҶЦһҲǱ߼Լ˵ʲôͼֿʼϰ𽣷
ΪԺǰĹͬҶͬһ磬Ȼһ˿ȴʵ޷ǰȣƲ˲ֹһԶĿɻôҲ벻ס
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ֻҶԹҶ棬⼸Ƹոջָ˼ҪѩޡҶҶ棬뿴Ҷ浽ʲô书Ҳ˷ϣѰҶҲһѩǰܡҶſһ磬ҶʵȻǰȻûԼóĽԹˮԹ
Ҷ۹ȻôԵĹ𼫴΢ϰ书˶ܿ
ѵˣҶвԲ²⡣
һߣûˣῼȥԼ෴ĹΪǲʱ䣬ҽչֱòʧҶҶһˣôΨһĽͣҶˣ
Ҷ˫жʱȼһ˿ȵĻ⣬˳޵Ŀ⡣
Ҷ棬Ҳн죡Ҳ
ҶдʱѾ޳Ҷ书ʱֳǷģѾʼԼĲ²⡣ˣҶΪʲôҪһһ̾ҡͷ
ǺûᣬˣҪҳֽҶˣҶҲҲֻ֤ܹԼùǰֽһˣг𱨳𣬼ʹ֪Ҳ˵ʲô
뵽ҶѾ˲Ҫ֣ǾʱҶȻһŲɳɳĴҶʱһݣˣñ˿Ҷ档գҶѸٳһصȥ
Ҷ뵽֮ٵĸоΪҶʱʮңע£˵һһ֮УҶȥҶ滹Ǹоˡ
û˶ԼҶԼҲûбҪװˡոǷϵӱҶġɲÿ춼Լԣ߳ҶٳһΣΣҶ׵ľҶܾһΣɲһڶΣ
ҡҡԴҶȥҶЩȻȤҶЩʵǸоʤִڶǰûиоȴҳΪƷڣЩ˵Ϊһжƿ֮УʵЩġ
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һӶлõʱҲֻǾŹأҲûʲôʧ룬ȴõˡ޳
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⽣أ趯֮£Ȼһˮ͵⾳Ȿʹ⾳Ľ¼䣬Ȼ٣Ҳ࣬ҵǸ˵ˡȻˣúúϰ
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½ܹоʽȻֻϰһ磬ÿһΣвͬÿһоԼǷµһΪϲáԽԽֳԵĴ֮С
ǽҲԽӵˮҲϵ趯
һнĹ켣ʯлʼԺгΣԭٳĽУеָӣľȻûȻɡڵˮԪеתԭʱĽͬ
һΣڵĽƿʼеĿʼǽͬǺϡ䣬Ҷ趯֦ϾȻĸһ˿뽣ϵĶһ˵ʵǿĺöҶʱѾ˽֮У
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Ҷδֻ֪оָоʵǰδеˬ
Ȼ䣬Ҷһ٣ȴžડһ죬֦ȴҲܲסҶĹע˿

Ҷһ״̬˳ϵĽҲͣƶ
Լϵ֦ոպһֱϢĴˮһ㡣ĺܡ⽣Ǻܲ򵥡
Ҷ⽫ѵ֦һӣѾõòˡԭûзԼڽһ;Ȼ츳ǰһǰԵޱȵĽɱõҲΪֱӵĺᵶղŷ֣Լǰ;
ιɡ￴˺ܾˣΪҲ֪𣿡Ȼ䣬ҶƬֺһ䡣
һ亰üΪ⣬ƶһһ㡣ǱȴһϾ͵书˵һΪʵ£ĳЩСˣ˵ƴԷĿûƣҪԼ˵˼
ӲͷƤ˱˳
ףô㰡
ҶЩֵĿǰˡ
ǰ˻վһСɽһΪ׳ȴ۵ĺܣҲǺܴ󣬿ȥʮֻ꣬ǣһ㣬ᣬҶ浹ʵĽĺܡ
ϻһΣϾԼ͵Ҷ˵ȥҲոҶĽδڼӦҶܣȻЩҶѧģɱϾҶ治죬Ҳʡ
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鼫ã־벻ԼĵˣǰΪҶ£ԼǾȹһΡȻǰûкйǣĸ׺ͺԼĸҲǾӦǵзѣѿ书Ҳʲô¡
˵书Ҫ㿴۾ѧᣬҪ书ؼʲô
Ҷ治˵£ҲͲٶ˵ɫһҶлϴεĴ֮ӦġǰҵǴλΣæͻƾ磬ûпգͻƵؾ磬ñҪлл㣬Ҳ֪ʲôҲ֪ҪʲôɸոҼϰǡãҸͻһѺӦûϲ
ҶһϲǴĺòϣһֲϺ˲٣ӷҼ̵Ķࡣһ˵Ǻö
ҶҲܾЩڴ˵ҾϲҾ㣬̰ͼĻرȷʵҪһѱͲͬˡ
һЦҲ¾Ҷȥ
·ϣȻ˵ոҿںɽ䣬Ǳߣиڼ㣬ǸҪûпӦҶ˵һҼ£ҲҪںǣһҪݺһٳϻҪ㣬֪жա
ҶЦЦҲ˵ҶѾֻҪҶҶ֣顣ȻѾҶһΣٷڶΣѹ
뿴ҶȫںԼҲͲһˡСѡ˶٣ֵҸоǷ̫࣬Ǿ֮ءˣ˵󽫾Ҫ齨ӢŸ£ʮӢſܡȥμӡҪһȥɣ
Ҷ⻰ֻЦЦҲӻֻҶ游ĸöԸ뿪㲻˵ˡ


һ Ԫ 012 ֪
ҶẮŲڻؼҵ·ϡ
ʱ鼫ãʱ⽣أҲûʲôƯĻƣʸֻͨͨƤͨľһˡ⽣ȴأԼĪжʮһֽࡣֽ˵ƣҶԽԽϲ
˷֮࣬Ҷȴ趯һ
ǡʱҶ΢΢һһֱ߳ߴҶ֪ǵطǼ徫Ӣ䳡м·ǸôԶľ룬ʱĺţ·Щһ˲䱬
̺ıըˣ˺۷ľ磬˵Ѿ澭ϣͨоԪ
оȻ˸ںڣûȥЧ֡˵˭
̲ס棬ҶСȥ
ƬݵأҶһΧǽ档Χǽ֮ھ䳡ϾҶӵܣǲӽġ
ҶոأɻûнСԺҲ档Ҷ֪ǴСԺǼĵ似󡣼弸ʮռĹ¼Уϰ
ҶϱûлϰκһŹⱲȴִƺѾмˣҵ׷Ҷҵϵӵܣȫʸ似еĹؼ
Ҷ½ڹؼǲôżѾ˵ؾ磬ȵսϼ֮Ϳ뷭ˡ
Ҷ̽ͷ۴һƬ㳡㳡ʮ˰Уԣ֮áʱټĹ㳡ȴֻһˡǸԼʮ꣬һϮװĿʣй˵ͶҶͼΪƣе֮Ҳ˶١ոǵ߳ȭʱġ
Ŀǵ˵ȣͨҶӵȶ硣ǣÿһȭÿһȴһ˵ķζȭߣҶִ·һһŨŨѪɷ֮
Ҷоȣ۾Ҳ΢΢
˺ҶˡԭΪȻҲȾ磡ӣսıҶˣȴҪֳе㶼ˡûʲôҶ˻˲á
ӣֲֵҶᣬ˭á
УҶ˲Ĳȭ֮䣬ÿһȭб㷢һƵĺȣȭơȭȥҶ˵Ѿ۷壬ֻԾ𣬳磬绢ɱȻһ̤ӱ羪һ㣬䡱óԺеһ
飡
ȭͷֻһը죬Ҷ㿴˵һĻҶ˵ȭƼȻŷĿĽɫâʵһ㡣ݿֱӽǿһ˺ϱϸֱӺϣƺˡ
ҶֿҶ˽һգʱ֮еԪ羨㼳ˮһ㣬͸ȫǧë׿ʼӿҶ˵֮С
ʱ䣬Ҷϱһ㱡ɫͬһ֡
Ԫ伺ȻǺ۷ʵģǿҪͻƵ쾳ˡһͣʵȴǿô࣬Ҳ֪˶鵤ҩΪ
Ҷ۾뵽ҪԼô鵤ҩ˵ѾͻƵҲ˵׼ϧԼȻϵӵܣԶִˡ˵ԼһʵǵԤϣҪúõļˣʲôʱҲ˵׼
ӲΣǽ֮£ҪΪҪ뿪ƾԾ߲ɣ
뵽˴Ҷ㲻ͣתȥ

ҶǰߣȴĺܣܿͷֺڸԼװѺ˵ϣȻȥʰ񡣾һ˲䣬ٵĻͷȻ㿴һ˹ĸԼ档
Ҷ
Ҷ濴ʱϱ¶Цʱ㷢ҶڼԼҶĲԾɸԼ棬Ȼͼ
ֻǣ׳ոԼʲô
ҶȫҶԼʲôҶִ򲻹Լ˰æȺŹԼȴֻһˡ
Ҷȴ벻ҶոտˮйΪڹˣʵҪץסᱨѩޡ
Ҷ治ҶʲôǱĪҶҲ¾ͼӿ˽Ųȵ˼ңҶŲҶʲôƣܲɥĲ˵Լ֡
겻ɢҲ֪ǲ˶Ҷ͵ɶֱӷҶѾЩͷˣ뵽ҪʱԼ֣ҪӲ¼ɡԸ⿴¡
ҲգٺúõıĴ죡
Ҷ治ҶԹǰȥҶҶȴ˫Ŀг޵Ĺâ˸
Ҷ氡Ҷ棬㺦𣬲Ϊһֵӡ㸸Ȼʹ񣬿ϧ⸮ȴǶӺӵ¡ǰңǲӣֺӵˣԼãˡҲץסᱨѩޣȵʲôʱ򣿡
ҶĽԽԽ죬Ѿ˲ñҶ淢ӰˡһҶȥ书ֻضҪˡδԼӴ˳Ϊһδûôĺڰ츳Ͳĸһ죬ҽԼĴ˵Լ𣬴ӴҪΪһʱ˿Ŀⶼˡ·ڿһ档
ĿĲмȫܲˡʱĵͷģԼһҪҪҶҲо־ϧԼƺҲûбĻˡΪһûбĿܵġҲһΪ˶Թȥݺһǰ;ӵܡʵôЦԼˣͳ˷ˣͳ޹ؽҪˡ
ҺãҶƺڼǹӲŵĶԼ常һöϴ赤һöϴ赤ζȥԴתҪһǼգԼȫ¶ʹҪǰȫͷȻֽȥһĸо
ǰҶһԼʱһʹĴ޴СʱҶһԼĵĺ⣬ʹಢʲôΪ֪˱ϣ
ֻҪһˣ
ҶԽԽ죬ҶҲԽԽܸоԼŵѾҪˣϵľҲΪĹӿʼʹˡ
Ҷ⣬ֻҪԼܹһҶϵЩʹʲôԺԼľ˹ʹöҲûйϵ
ɷ֮䣬г𲻱
ҶԽԽԼǶԵġڵѪҲʼȼĿС
ҶѾˣȻ䣬ҶһٿȻǰ̽ȥ
Ѿת˼£ϵҲ˶¶ͬһ΢΢䶯šһѾܾãţҶ˵£ʵˣȫֵܵһ
Ҷ浱ȻѾоĲԾȫҶôṥԼ
ѵ
ǵԼǰ׳գ
Ҷгɻȫû뵽ֻΪԪƪԵʣ޷ɱˮԪ֮ҶΪˣȻûǵҪ书
Ҷȫˡ
ҶȻɻ󣬵ҶȻҳֹԼ־ܡ
ȻԼǾ͹ֲңܷһΣܷڶΣȶֵģԺ׷ҲǱ֣
Ҷк΢΢һŤתķâ΢΢ڵֻҪתȥҶһжΪһЦ
ҶȻѾѡ֣ʹ֣
飡
ɾʱͻȻ䣬һöСʯͷɽһٿȻ˳Ҷڱصõһ
Сʯ׼ȷҶϡҶֳʹһңδҶ½ǣΪڵڶؿڷƣɫҲòҰޱȡ

Ҷߺ޵ĿһۣľʢȻѾ¡ʱڣɱڵ˿Ȼ˷֣ҶҲ֪Լû˻ᡣʱԼٶ֣ʱ׷ıӵܵ϶ᱻ塣
ҶֱۣԹĶҶ棬ͺҶ棬ã书в֮һֻҪҶţұȻ㲻ݣҵŰɣºսϼʱһܣһѩǰĳ裡
ҶĪ˵һѻҶֻǵ³֣׳ա
㡪
⻰Ҷ϶ʱӣֻؿڷƣҲ̲ס嶯ȻҶ˹
Ҷ״˷еẮɣ˳ȥ
֪ĶȻҪұȫ㣡
˵գҶеĺٿȻʡ
Ӱһˮһ㣬顣ﶬ£߸ߵĹϣӡǳǳС롣üţһˮֺ˿
½һʽѩ
Ǽ䣬ҶеĽϦµĺԵüΪĴۡ
ӰҶֻ֣һ

һҶоԼһʹ漴Щ˼ĵͷȥ
͡
滮Ҷĸ𲼳һ·ϣ첲һĵɬ졣
漴Ҷб㱻һĨʺȫˡ
ѪҶֱҶֱֻϣµϣ

һУҶȻסԼֱۣ־ĿҶ棬ڿʲôħһ㣬Լֱۣһȥ
ϣ
Ҷ潫뽣ʣҶֻӴܣûκɫ
Ű˵ĿУȫо
ֻãʱ뿪ˡ
ҪһʵĻᡣ

¶ʮС꣬ѩͣէ硣
ڣˮϵǳˣؽֵּ̳ۻ۵ˡ϶ϲãһ֮ҲǺúЪһЪӽտʼҲֹˡ
εַҶ汾ĹϵЩʱ˺½սڽһ;ȻſʼӴҲԼĶʶ
ԴһսҶ֮һ£ҲûǷ˵ĲӬˣżҶ·Ҳܺѹ̸䣬ѾСɵ£˶Ǵûзһտڲ̸
ҶˣҶͣ۶ô£Ҷ涼ûʲôȤһҶʱһöСʯӣҶصҺ󣬵żȻ俴լĹܼԼǰ¶һַʯ
Ҷǵûимǹܼҵ˼ЦѡǳʩͼҶ棬һֱչһңҪúõ¡
ϧҶȫһף
ҶҹͣڹϽȻ󣬲ˮԵѾȫϤˣʩչҲտʼ֮󣬷ˮԵȻĳЩ治ǽԵԵҲԼصô½ˮʩչ͸󡣰еĽ⡣
С꣬Ҳ涨ģУͱӵܵӡ
ʱ䳡ϣѾ۽ϰٸʮҶӵܡҶҲС
սϼ˼塣Ǽӵܣһɹʤ߽ʧ߳ͷˡҶʹҶ¶ڼ壬ϼȻǶҶ͡
˵һЩûʵĻ˵۹㶼˶Ҷ͡
Ҷһ߳ŵµĵͱӵȥһꡣҶӵܴӢűϼ겻ٹ꣬Щ˾ҪҶҵĴգҪ֮У˭Ҷҵ֮
սϼʼ


һ Ԫ 013 Ŀ࿴
Сҹڴ˶ԣһϲĽաڳЩҶҵӵܶԣһչһɹӡҪԶԶ߰պĳϦ
գδҶӵȫһƬС䳡ϡ䳡רΪҶҾӢӵܵϰģûдﵽһʵҶӵûʸġ彫տ˽ϼĵصҲΪ˼ЩδӵܶŬγǰֳѧϰķΧ
˿̣䳡Ѿ׵ԵġԭʯѾһһ˸̨ǰϡ
ֺԭʯڲṹȶʾȣͬСȳɱСʯ塣ЩСʯ壬רԵͱӵܵڹΪ
һֳɱȵĺԭʯÿһֶӦǰС硣һָĺԭʯʾΪ˵ؾ磬Ľ
ʱ̨ϼλϿŵ¾ӵĵͱӵܣĳҲϻο²̾Ҷ˶˲űҶվУϵЦգмΪ㡣˵ǿ϶⼸ŬȻĿ⳯Զĳһȥ֮ʱоͶһ˿츴ӵɫʣĿֻͣһܿתط
ҶȴǸо˶ӵĿ⡣
۹⿴ңѵѾ֪ǸѾǱɱģ
Ҷһ˿裬漴оҲʲô¡֪ôû֤ݣ˭ôңʱ򣬶Ҷ͵ҪĿӦҶ˲ŶԡԼֻһСѣʱˡ
ҶͻһµµҶӵܣǰͷΪ׵ӵܵԴ࣬ԴΣǵһӵʸμսϼҼǵȥʱǲŸոڹһ꣬ˣ
ҶԴҶԴλһۣǵڳĵӵСģҲʮˡ
Ƕ꣬ϸһص۷徳磬һβμӼڵĴ£Ȼк˷ܣʱ˵棬Ҷ͵һǣǲ֪ǰǲĹأô˶ţЩңҲ¶һ˿
ҶͼˣҲûʲô֣˺ƵҪţһŬɹֳɣôҿǵĳɾ͡
ȥǰѡһԭʯɡ
⻰һۣȻлЩţúԭʯ̶ȣǲǵһΣŶһǰȥһڵĺԭʯ

˾еĺԭʯָȫתһԭʯۡһ㱻ˡ
˼ԭʯ϶ʱظ˼ǳɹҲ¶ЦݣϲλܣյǢĺܡҶ֪ⲻһʼ
ڲӰԼˣǱѺõ̬ȵġһֵ̨ϼʱǢķΧܿͻᱻһֶ档
ܵ˵նһ֮еļ壬ڱ׵ġ
˳򣬴С󣬰ȥвԡȻ¶ҶԺȤҶҲ֪һĽǴСġ
磬ǰҶδӵֻвʮǵŵĺԭʯȥȴʮ֮ࡣһ㣬һҶұǰ;ӵܡ
ǰؾ磬Ҫľؾڿؾиһˮ롣
һӼߣȻԼ״̬ΪҲȡ̣㡣ԣһ߶һķչǷǳҪġһߵĶѣһǱڡ
Ҷ棬˵Ҷֱ۷ˣ
ʱҶԱ߿һҶӵܡĻԵֻ
ҶϵҶڼǸǰҶȽϺϵġҶæ书ЩߵԶˡ
ҶƳһۣﵭû֤ݵĻҪ˵ֻ۾ҰַˣԼСĴɽϹȥСıʯͷҲ˵׼
ǣʯͷһ㶼񡭡ˣҸǼһҲϤ˵ѾͻƵؾˣ
ҶЩĽĿҶ档ؾڿһڶʮǰͻһأ֮ΪͻἫΪޡ
Ҷ濴ңʲôԼ˵ֱӵҶʲôֱ˵ﲢûˡ
ʱѾ½˶ˣҶҶں棬ûʲôעǡڿ˲ֵ࣬Ľ̸ʱҲ˻ɡ
ֻҶԺܽţһܣҶӵܶ׿⣬ҲûעǣֱӸҶһʵʱҽ෢ӳϴ跥۷ʵ
ΪʲôҶüͷҶԵ޹ʸԼ˵ЩԷʲô
ýҶַˣȻľûܶˣǣľܻ㱡ӶʱʱģʱҹʹвҪɱңҪɱҡƺǷˡ
Ҷ֮⣬Ҷ潫ҶƷġҶüͷЩΪȻֻû뵽ҶʾȻ˴˻Լ˶˼ЩԼֵá
Ҷ˶٣۹⾯ĿһۣȷûעֿڵҶȻˣм֡
֣
Ҷ⻰кȻһֲԤУƤһ̧ǡʱһĹâϯ̨ԵһߴĿӡղ֮£һеĸ
˵˼ˡֻҪұʾصʵʱЩԭʯ޷ҵʵʵʱսϼʱЩʵԶҵҵʵԲԣ
ҶͷǺܻܿʱ㶯ֻ֡Ҫźۼº֣ҪµĵͱӵǷ֣ǱϺͶ֪ҲʲôϾҶǶӵˣҲῴڶӵϲ׷Ͼ˵ȷʵ̫ˡ
̫𣿡ҶһҲ˵ǶԵİɡ
ҶҶ˵Ϊˣ΢΢˵ͷ㲻ٶ˵ҲϣҶ¡ϾΪǶǴӪġҶף˿ȥ
ֻҶո뿪ҶǱ㲻źۼ΢΢ǣһ£и¶һ˿⡣
ҲҶ˵ǶԵģǣȴôΪҵˣұػǸֻۡǣЩڶԸˣֻЩˣʵԿƾʲôҪ
ӵ䳡УҶĴӺһһǰĸ̨̨ԭŵһźԭʯѾʣˡ
Ҷȥʱ򲻹ոսڶؾϴ跥һ⣬ܹﵽϴ跥۷徳ŬˡԣҪ¶ԼʵʵҲԽˡ
ֻǣҶ潫ŵĺԭʯһ֮󣬱ˡԼʵ
ʱԼίȫܵõõĽԽʱԽҪǿӲ̬ȣŲӡԺҲôԼΪǻӵǺԡ
ΪҶûܹĺԭʯַ¡ʮˣʵ˵ڶس׶Ѿ㶪ˡȻҪսĺԭʯʱȴûģԥԥʵ˸оЦ
˿ҶװһƵӣȴǾúЦ϶ʱζ
µĹһζЦ
ҶܣѵԼʵ޷ԭʯﶪ𣿡
˵˳Ū˵ţܵ˳Ϲ޵ЦݣǿЦһĿҶ档
ʵϣЦݶ񣬻ƵĻΪΪҶʱӦ÷ŭһԲϾͶԼ֣ȻɳƽҶɲзϣңܵκδ
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֪Ҷ汾һԳ嶯ĳȻΪλᶯԼõҶϵ
ְɣְɡҳȭɡĿƣҶ棬˻ߵĴš
֪Ҷֻǵһۣ˿ûƵ˵´ˣʵѾڿ۷徳硣Щԭʯǲⲻҵʵ
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ԭ֣˵ҪΣҪĵͱӵǣ⻰Ҳ㶵ĿһߣȻ˵
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ڳˣʹһϳأֵĶҶͣʮ㵽˺۷Ҷˣһ̶
˶Ҷ棬ö˵
ʮؾ磬ʵȻֵÿҫȴǼ¡
ȻһߣֻҪڶʮǰﵽ磬ҲС츳ֵÿˡʮ굽Ǹ磬ʵҲʲôܽܵ¡
˵ҶͺʹҶ£ʹڵҶˣʮ꣬ҲѾصľ硣
ԣⲻǼ¡
ɾǣ˶֪Ҷһǰڶس׶Σ
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һ£
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ûзκõ鵤ҩֻƾԼĿޣ˵ٽʵ̫˼ˣ
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ҶͶһΪΪһǰһҶ档ȻʧˡڣȴǼʧˡȻҪʧȥһţ
ҶͬҶȫͬ
ҶΪ֮죬Ѿ˺۷壬صľ硣ΪǿҩѻġǰڵĽٿ죬ûáΪһһӡ̤̤ʵʵ߳ģݲκͶȡɡȻ֮ǰĽ٣ǵȾ磬ҪӺ죬ϵʱ䣬ɾһߵĲ֪ˡ
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ߴӺ쵽֮һ޴ƿʵϣΪÿһνƿǺ֮ƿΪԣҲΪ鷳Ϊƿȫ޷ҩ
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蹵ֻһйءǱԣ
֮ǰƿͻƺ󣬶֡ԡ⣬һİҶʮ꣬ȫûİȾ磬˵Լǿ
һԼǿߣһ;ǲԻɾ͡
һʱ䣬ҶѾЩڣΪʲôҪӦҶһӵ󣿲漴Ҷͱ뵽ҶԴһԷ֮󣬱ҲûҪԼ£˼ɱԼһѾߣȻǸѾǾȡȷʵҶɱ֮󣬾Ȼһ˿Լͨ˼ûСǶԼûоη֮ģңҶĸҶХ񻹸ԼҶĹ
ҶȫɳǸǴһԱԲУҲգţҪΪòšȻĻΪϲģ
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Ǿ̾ţӵҲĽѡмȻҲ˵ڿľ磬ǴŸո̤磬ҲҶ˲٣мѾʮ˲ǿ̤롣
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ʮʱŸոɣҶʵ̫ˡ
Щ࣬ΧӵǿҶĿб㶼һ˿ηϾӽҶνǰ;ˡ⣬ǿ϶Ҫ´ˡ
ֻǣԽ˶Ҷ̾ԭƵ꣬ĵȴԽǷŭ֪գûлҶˡϾϵһţǾԲͬģǶҲͬ⡣
ҹ˽գպҪ֣Ҳϼˡ
뵽˻ԭλ˵ֻʵ̫ġ
Լʹٲôأ岻ĵġ뿪˼֧֣Լʵʲôǡ
û뵽ʱҶȴʾԵƳһۣ󵭵Ҷ٣ΪҶӵܵİձǽϼ֮գͬЩǺúõıȻһ£Ҳֵһ
ɣúָһҶɡ
ǳҶ꣬⻰ϲһжʱҪͬˡ
Ƕʱ㲻ɵǣһĨĶŶӱȭһ



һ Ԫ 014 
һĨЦݽϣŶҶ΢΢һ֮󣬱㽫Ŀת޼ɵĶҶ档
Ҷܣһ֮ͻƣȻѾڿ۷徳磬ʵ˾ֵ̾һ͵ʱ򣬿ǻΪͻƵڶؾෳա
ϧˡ
Ҷ̾Ϣһ¶һ˿ζֻһ˿ݼţƬ̣˫㱻ɱš
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ҶȻҲ֪һС
ҶҶɳУԼյʱҶѾס
һ˲䣬ҶĹУѾ͵㡣ȻѾҪԼôԼֺαٿִšҶӵܡЦĽأ
ǰЩˣԼȻѪԵϵĹϵǣǿΪȴЩħǻҪɺޣ
Ҷ浱ȻִеˣҲѾ⡣
£ҶҶɺͶҶͣһɫӵǣ΢΢˹֣ʵ˵ҪУ书Ҷ޷ܾҶһʱԸСһᣬôҶص߾ȫ
ɣɡ㲻Ҫ书ҾһĽڣۣһʱˣΣ
ȻҶһ˵꣬Ҷɵϱһϲ
Ͳ󣬲ŶʮڹΪҲصĳ׶ΣֻҶһǵȭڹȻʤҶ棬ҪźۼҶ棬ϵ书Уȴһѵ¡
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Ҷϰʮ꣬ȴΪҪڹڱҲİΪҶӵһ֮󣬱ҪȥӾѪսħ֡
֣֮ĻȻһ;Ѫɱ¾ӵ˵ȻǸΪҶ治ʮ꣬ʹڹЩ츳һһһϦ¡Ҷں֮ڣô֮ɱ¾֮壿
ҶɿҶгЦȻԼֲĺ
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ѵϣеֻȴûǹ˭İԵ
Σ˶һõǿߡ
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κλвԼˣҶȫӦԵġʨӲҪȫԸҶϻҶǿ࣬ôܲСĶԸ
ֻǣԼĺȴûд
ǡʱҶƳҶŵһ
һҲһѾӽ̣οգһݵĺý
ҲǼΪġ
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ҶȿҶ泯ʱЩ΢㶣Ҷ潫Ŀ˵꣬Ҷ˵Ҳ¶һ˿пҶ˵Ĺ°䣬Ƕеһ㡣
漴ҶͣƺԼСһꡣļ壬ҶĲңͬʱҲԼĲҰɡһ̣ȻͬĸоȻ鲻ԽҶļ
漴ϱݸҶ棬úȥɡ
ҶӹѾûκɫӳ΢ɫĳ֮£ʱȥȻֱ⡣
Ҷ̨ףһ紵䳡жʱɳ裬΢ɫĳҫţɫķĩƮУУĨһŨŨ˳ԵĹ
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ҶܣѾ׼𣿡ҶѾ䵶ϣֻҶ˵ǡΪĶҶ湥ȥһ¹ʡ
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ڶ ̿ 029 Σ
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һҹֻҶгϵĻ裬ѪӳǼգƺһָ⾪Ķǵ
ſţȻֲֿһҹѾȥѾ


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Ҷȫ¶˺ۣҲкüںѪ٤ʱȴһҲóª
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ſţɫУҲ֪ʲôͻȻȥһϸָҶӡ
ʵҶ棬㻹Ϊɱ𣿡


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ΪʧѪ࣬ʹùȵĺ֢Ҷ˯ҹ֮󣬲Ŵӻ֮ѹ
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ҶжʱһĨɱ֪ԼĿŵɱֵͬܣȻ
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֣һҶ棬ɫ԰׵˵Ҷ棬ղҴˡҲüҲȿȡ˵һ룬;ҵĿóƼء
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⻰ȴǷˣЦһսɽžɽҪô᲻磬ȥǵŵĵطɾ͵õΪ֮ܶһӵĶǾܵģ뷨绹ɽȥɣ
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ܡ
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ʱҶ۾һƳȻұɽһ±ԵǴһ͹ĺɫʯ֮ϣʱһ°ɫȹ۵Ůӡ
Ů۾գ˫ȴͣĽӡᣬһһ䣬ΧŨĿжһɹɵɫŮȻԴԴϵս֮ڣܶʼԵüΪ档һʲôĹ
ϵľ磡Ů˺øΪȻֱܹһΪ߶첻Ӧǵϵ۷徳磡òᣬʮȻѾǿʵʵֲ̫ˡŮ˵ôģҶдΪԾΪԼٶѾˣ˸ǿ
Ҷо˲Ծ
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һɫŮ֮˫ƺǸоڿ̽Լâӹ˿Ǽ޷Զ΢΢
ŮӳҶ߿һۣʱĽһ
ɲǼ䣬ֻͻȻһɫĹâ羭쳤㻮նգ۵˲䣬㵽Լǰ
â˶һҶ档
Ƭ֮䣬ܴԶµִԼ̤նУŮӣϵľ磬ľ磡ңǽ
ʵϣߣշУֻƾǿԪڶʱڿԽľ룬ǷСЩһУѾͬշУˣ
Ůӵĳ֣ͷȭ΢΢ʦ塣
Ҷ濴Ůӣֻǰһ
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ŮӳҶ߹ôƽĿҶ棬촽ʲôޱȶȪˮһ㣬Ϊö
Ҷ治дҲѧǸӱȭ񣬹Ҷ棬ǰ
Ҷ棿ãҼסˡ
ϽȴּޱȣͣΪʵѵáҴĽпɱϣȴ̣ҺˡûпѧӦˮԪ֮ĽϧǽеĽⲻʺ㣬ķסˣʮһ˸֮棬ʺ㡣ѧճʱϵҡ
Ů˵꣬һţһĽת˲ʧ١


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ŮȥƮǿʵȴ˸оһԾ
ŮҶȥϵʱ˵۹⿴ҶʱŨŨĽ
ոǸŮӵʵǶʶˣڰأľ磡
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ԭˡԭȲԵɣʱˣ㲻ôĽҶˡΪЩǶԣֻҪͨˣҲǳ¡ֻǣȴ֪ʹͨˣҲһᱻΪ洫ӡңӳ̶ҲȻͬ
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ڹȻƴ֣ȻЩȡȥ벻úСЩҪǲʱתΪԼǾɾҪˡ˵з϶˵׼ٶȣ֮ǰֹᷭҶǣȲЩ
ʱֱָķݣȻڵϢһȻǰμӿˡǿûͨϢһ˽ɽ˵꣬ת뿪ˡ
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һˣĿȻԶЩ٣Ҳ㲻ˡЩвӵܣڹΪǿҩѻģ鸡Ҫٽһ죡
ʦֽѵǡ
Ҷ⻰Լһۣʮˣв²ţЩ֪ܲʣһ룿

ʱȥҶǰˣһһȥˡкܿģгġгʱģгʱһɥġػˣɫҪˣʱֵҶˡ
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뵽Ҷͷ鷳ˡ
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ЩڵλϣʵʹеūҲûΨһڣ֮У˲ᶯЩӵһָͨʹһв˳ľȭߡңЩ˱ƽЩͲƶӵܣиܹѧ䣬һͷҲԼϱĸ֡ԼʦʹǸ书дҲǺܾصġ
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ҶֻǼۣ㽫ջǰĿտ
ֻǴһģ׸ߴɫ࣬ͭģȥΪءֻҶĿ⿴ǹƤʱȴЩ֡ΪƤţƤʲôҰƤģýİһ㡣
ڽҶ滹ڷһֻͰͰװˮ
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ϻûոϷԪɴµĲô͵쾳磬Ǽ𣿡
ʵϣҶʱϻӱѾЩԾˡȻ֮ǰĿѡУҲмﵽ쾳硣Щ˼Ѿʮ꣬ʮ꣬ЩǶʮˡʱѾܳԾˡ˵ǼǾ޵šû뵽һġ
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ڶһ磬̫ûҶ۷š
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洫һ΢ǡҶв÷Ȼ˼ΪСģҲ֪˶˼ϰòġ
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ոտʵ̫ΣգͲһ£Ǽһ͵ˣ
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ҶȫɲǼת˲䣬ұ۾ͿʼԪͬʱͿʼתķѩϡǴβ;аʱҶͺһ
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ֻǼҶ泤ϼһ˸ǴβͽӴеҶ汻ķɵĳûдȴһͬǼ˿졣
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ҵҶ棿ոһ쾳ʵҾȻȾţ겻ʮ꣬ʮ궼Ȼϧ˲ţǱﰡ
˳ϿһҲޱͣһ཭ˮϲǧһһıֲޱȡȻܽڵİ˳еһŷʵĵӣڵϣڣ
Ҷս˿ҶıѾͬˡݣ壬мʡһ㡣
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Ҷӿ˵гһӴϵķ󣬾Ϳʼٵĳϵȥ
֮䣬ȻԶɽɽȴΪʱ䡣ҺãҲǵ˻Ĳ㣬ڼɽΪӽĵط޽һš
ǳм׳ˣҶһȥڷҡΣԵüΪȶһСľҪȥȣ֪жȥ϶ɡ
Ҷ̧ͷ˿죬ʱʱѾ磬ʱߵ㵽ŵʱ䣩ȥϵ壬ʱѾҪˡ
⣬Ҫٵˣδʦ溮˪ƢһáҪǵһͳٵµӡ󲻺ãԺӿɾѹˡʱҶҲȥʲôΣգṦٵӹš
Χ·ĵͼӣֻһɫĵӰӣϷǻӰһʱ̾Ҳ֪λʦ֣ṦҪһΪȻؼȥֱǹҫ棡
ĽޱȵĿһּۣæԼȥˡ
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ҶֳǸָʾķһʱ䣬һΰĴ
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ҶԽǽӽоǴ򶷵һּǿƻ
Ҷ񱼵ʱ򣬺ȻһɫݡĴԼǰӹ
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ȻЩܹϵ罣Ҷ沢£Ҳ쾳ߣʹ⽣ǶͷţҲ£οֻɢɢҽ
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Ул˫ϵԪһĽţ뺣һӾʧӰ٣ƺǱĽɣ
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л˫ͺһһ˲䣬Ҷ롣еǼ򵥵һֱ

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Ҷڡˡо֮ѾԽԪбּɷӵ쾡ˡȻܰٷְٵãǣһˣ޷Ҷ˲Ԫ
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ѾҶֵסҪ֣ȴоԾ
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˵ƺ뵽ʲôոҶƺסʲô
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ҵλʦ˵Ϊϵľһֱͻƣʦȥˡټϵ壬ʦȻһ㶼ںǡҶһʱҲ֪ԼʦԼôһ޲չ׳
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֮УҶ漸Ǵڰ˯ߵ״̬Ϣ޵ġϰߣϷϢڹԪתĳЧԷ
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һô󣡲ؽƣȻҶԺ䣬һˡҶһбˣʹؽӷòϢ͸޴ٲߵʯʱ֮ײռ˱ˡ
ȻҶؽһײоһص𶯲ݵڡʱڵѪ㳱ӿҲһ˿𵴡
ƺһƸϽ˿ȥ
ȵ˵ϣҲһһ˿Ѫݳ
ôܣЩȵĿҶ档
ոһʲôÿµĽƣǽоȻ̺һͬǴӾһ㣬ɲǣԭƽĺˮһӿһһ˲ͨĳֲһ
Ҷ浽ʲôˣҶôֹҪǴӣҲԲ˻ȥһҪնɱܰġȻĻٵȼ꣬϶ĸ󻼣
뵽ָоҶոյԪһЩ覴ãһ˿ġҶǸոս쾳磬תԪԪȻ࣬ȴǱһ㣬ֻҪץסᣬһܹնɱ
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ƾŵ俴Ҷ棬˵Ҷ棬㲻ҪңҪ֣͹ã˭游ô磡ȻĻ˵һҪһˣⶼ죬Ҿͳȫ㣬һ˵ȥžۡ
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һЦȫȻĵѪɫԪɴ¹ӿȫսҲ߰
䣡
ƽһ̤һ㣬˱ٵĳҶ档
ҶĿؽ⶯ҡ

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ҶֻǸоһΧ򸲸ǹϷ෽ǰ󷽡·һ˲䣬Ҷͺ񱻵ס
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ÿһ֣ʹΪͼߣԼľСҶıնл˫׾Ž⽭Գģ
ͨϣĵܹһ˲䣬ߵ
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ÿٶȣֻٶȣûôӮңЦ
ȻҶˮԪûдɣˮԪ֮УΪ򵥵Ϣ쾳磬ϰ½ʱѾˡؽȻأʱҶһӳڶ˳ʹһһ಻ϢҪķѶԪ
ϣϣϣϣ
һ󼱴ٵײ𣬵뽣ײÿһײǿҵĽ
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ߵ󣬽ƳԾĿҶ档
ΪҶȻһҲûˣеߵȫסˣ
סˣҵնȻȫסˣƵǲ˼ĿҶ档
ʱʹնѾеڵѪӿոձҶ桰ˡ˵ʼʹ
Ƶ亹Ѿû˸ղǻҪɱҶģԼٶ֡һ̣ľѾҪܵͷ
ҶѾڵŵӣƺֱϵΪŵӡͲʮʮڲϵ尲ʮٳٶȣµʱүҲĶˣ
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뵽ѾսȫոߵʹԪҲ˿ݽߵס
˸Ҷ棬õ䱸ڰУȴԼǸСû֪ãҲһѺ֡
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Ҷüͷһ壬ؽޱȵǰһ

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Ҷһţ䡱һ£һ˲䣬˾Ȼ̤ȥʮɣֱӴ˵ͷϷɹԪעٶޱȡ
ҶԪȻ󣬵ǡԪԴԴϵĲ䣬ںȼս
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ɱϵӣڴ˽ɱҡ㻹ӣӵĵ𣿡
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ҶӣڽƵϸһ켶ĸ֣ܻһõĶ书ؼܹԼס
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Ҷ˵࣬оС׶ӵķеأӦǲƳɵģҪضˡ
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Ҷ滶ϲޱȣû뵽⽭ƵϾȻڷ
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ͨ龳ǿߣڴ۹ڣϵģһָùʮֻд󽫾гХԼ˴ﵽ磡Ҫʹ÷ҲҪϵľ磬ԪԪ˹ܹͨһ˿Ԫ÷ӳе
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ȻûˣһɽϵկУڴ˵ؽӹ̣ʮˣ϶ĺܣҾͲţеǮƺöҶ
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ʮɣҶģ˵ǣ㰲οǲõġλСʦ壬һֽĺܡոҲˣɽͷȫСʦĶֲܵġ˵Сʦѹɽ˵Ųء
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ҶһӣʱеӶ

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ҶԱߣʮɼҶü¶Цݣ˼֪ԼȻ磬ʦΪǣȴԶûԼ̡ʦԽ̵һʱһ̣ȴܽһӡͽԶԸʦ֮¡ȻĻûԼ뷨
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ǿߣ׷磬һƿƬأﵽµĸ߶ȡվھ˵ļϣȻʡʱʡǵȵһ죬ԼΪ˾ˣû˿Խʱô죿
ʱҶʮɼҶɫ֪ѾҵԼҪĶо̾Ҷĳɳٶȡ
ֲ˵۹ܼ⻰١żꣿΪһսá̫СΪһ֮ڣͻƵϵľˣ̶ֳȵţҲټ

УϵĵկֵǮĶȫ˳ӲƱһС飬ͨ಻һ˿־䣬Ѫɫļֵǵȵȣʵ̫ˡҶ濴ЩĿϾӡ
Աˣмޱȣʦ壬ӵĲӹƼֵԼʮϣ
Ҷ˻֣õµĵ̧ߡԳ˵ЩٹضҲû塣ƽϵϷõĵҩõȥÿһŶڰϡǳԵʱѵûмЩ֮˵Ǽߡ
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ǵӱ˶ţȴ˷ܵĺܡЩ˵ʯûκ֣ǿġ
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Ҷǵ˵̧ͷҲǸоԾͷ޵۲ĺϸڣһ𣬰ǿЩɽ˵Щʲô
ڵǣƬʱ䣬ͽһǽڲж¶ģ
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ҶУؿеı٣һʮЩһǾƷÿһĲʶΪ⣬һЩϡеĿʯġ
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һֽϺãҶǰѺúʯģ󲢷󣬶һֺϽܶȼߣͶȼá
ڣҶǰʮȴǿԳƵˡÿһԼصϣ·ܹʮóȥÿһƶӣ
ҶһѶ̽̽һ磬Ҳߴ㣬ģܲۡѽĲʣҶƾĲʡ
ҶŶ̽Ķ̽⡣ҹɱˣñԲ
ҶעԪʱ㡰ˡ·ͨһ㡣
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ЩȻȴɱȲҶеؽ˵ЩԳƵôؽҶѾ֪ʲôˡؽˮԪ֮Ĺá
Ҳؽڵʵһ붼ӳؽѾ棬֪ʦһϵὣʲôأ
ЩͨĿƳġҶ˵֮ϣͨЩͨƸѡƺҪЩǿѰĲϣںľѪܳɹ
ҶʰĲˣȫߣߵľֱӻٵ
ЩһÿһЩƱװ档ʱ˫ֿտգʱȴҹĹģһɽ˲۽磬ǿ˼ʶΪ򣬶ңơ


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կһǮƣԼʮҶһ˸κͣҹ·ɽȥ
ʱҴææȥʱ˱ԵЩˣһ·ԺõĺȺõģҹҲ÷¶ޣһ·סϺõĿջ
Ǿս˵ľҲ˲١ЩӸϸҪԼȻסڿջҹȴôϢÿõһʱ䣬书
ЩŬҶҲЦݡ
ҶǳΪľǼϵĿ飬ʹ츳ٸߣΪҲޡ
ǾĳɳȻպһҲûУЩУҵġ̫Ѿʮˣõʱ䣬ôŬպĳɾҲޡⱲӻҲûϣܹͻƵ쾳ˡǶ£츳Ҳ飬ֵˣʱһҪٹ
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Ҷ׵۳Ƿ뿪Ѿˣ֮ǰԼƺδôã֪ĸǲǻԼСãزģػ᲻ϰ߰ɡԺԼؼҵʱ䣬ԽԽˣλᣬȥ
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˵ϺȻ¶һ˿ǣʦȥСġŽؽѾԨħɷѪӰ׵۳ҲѾЩѪӰ
ħɷѪ壿Ҷüͷһ壬ЩԾ
ħɷѪһֺܹԼ޶ͬϲѪȣȻ޷ͨǵȫӲΪɱֱսʿܶ˶ƺΪħص׵ħ
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ʮɵͷνĵ鷳ĶѾ鷳ˡֻǻȥѣʲôµġ
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Ҷɱܿʧ˺ڼ׾ҰΧڡ
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漴˱ƺƵɽȥ

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Ҷؽ糾ͣǿµȴޱȣһ··ƵƵͷ׷׶²⣬Ҳ֪˭ҵɣӢΰ
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ôЩ᲻ãܿͰԼֲεˣοҶ棬ɽϺúѧ£и׵ġ
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Ҷ룬ȴһšָɡָõģأ˵⣬ͬһָ֮£ҲϡڹؼҰڵˣԼȥðɡǲҲڵʱȥʳߡΪӦܹһЩָ
ллˣͼͼһɡʳжˣֱϸ꣬ʼݷɱ
ǸĵѾͷ
Ҷ浹ûйͼͼ˼ʳУѡһ㣬ǳһ飬е𣬺㣬ζܲ
磬ʱҶȻ´ҴҶ
¼Ҷ棬ɫޱȣʦ壬ӷʦ֮ʦǰʤ۷塣
Ҷ⻰˲׹
Ҫɽˣ

ʤ۷壬á
ϴХһˣȴХڵеλϣ˷ԶڳХλ£ֵһλ
ΪȻһλ
壬ʵϣȴл⣬ʤ۷ͳ壬ȴͳһеĵӣһר󽫾ϵܣ˸Ǵ󽫾ӵܡҲڴ󽫾ƿڡ
Ҷ氺ͦأ㣬һ߽Ϊšվֶһһ񣬹ʦиλʦʦҶˡ
Ҷ˵ԣУԼ֮ǰиǸˣϱ㲻Ծ¶һ˿Цݡ
漴ֽĿɨ˼ۣЩǾʻΪ̶ȣȫ޷ҶȣЩӼ𳤣ϾȻ¶һ˿š¶ЩӱЩΪȻ
±ȽϣЩǼҶ㣬Լµӣʵõ۸ڶʵıսս϶ʱ¶ΣʱҲ˵ǼʻĽˡ
ȿȣ
ʱХȻһ㽫󽫾˵һ飬ֵ¹ϵش˶¾ӢԴ󽫾ҪǣҲŻǲȥصǵʵȻͨѪϴѪ壬ҲΣաصϣһСľͻɥ˶ҪСĴ¡
ǡ
Х˵ͷֵҲùڵǣΪ֮⣬󽫾ǲصɱѪ塣ЩУЩˣ˴֮Щᣬɵ˵صףΣ֮أмǿɲҪСʧ󡣡
Х˵⻰ʱ۾ָĿһҶ档
ҶмΪ񣬳ХûĿ⣬͸оˡʱҶüͷһ壬вɵֲõԤС
ѵһεصħɷѪҲҪһţ
һˣҶжʱ¶һ˿ɱ֪ʱ򲻸æͷ£ոһɲǣԾûХĸоֻǣХҪ˵ʲôȴԱߵһ
ǻ̰ʱХֻܿЦһǰǰһƣԴ֮ǰͻƵͨľ磬ҲԼˣȴһӶԼˡҲûޡ
£Ҳټ⣬ֻѼ˵УᶷʦѾǰǰ޲ˣ±£󽫾޲ǻнӴʹǵġʱǾʹ޲ǴɳĮԨصװɡ
ǣӵӦ
ХϸϸһĵһۣĿɨ˼һۣҪ£ѾˡλʲôҪ˵𣿡
һۣͬҵûлҪ˵
Х΢ЦŵȻˣɡ˵꣬Х뿪ˡ༸Ҳ׷վȥ
ߵ⣬Ҷһ£Ҷϡ
һ䣬ҶʵʦɻʲôҪԵر𽻴𣿡
ѵõ¶һ˿ᣬҶ棬ģεƺһЩ⡣ʦΪƾΪЩѪǾ˲ģͬȥʦոյõϢԨУѪʥأ
ʥһоｵˣԾһ
ʦԸ¡磬񣿡
ʥأ
ҶһʥħɷѪһ˵УħɷѪħʣʥħ޷ܺģԣÿһʥصĳ֣ζħɷѪ彫ٳһħʼĸֽ
ʥأνħɷѪʥأͼӽ϶֮ء
ҶȴǻҡҡͷòץסᣬǾԲģҵصԨǰҲȥִḻֻҪСӦԣжΣաңϣ棬Σվ˱ܣպ󣬻ôᶨģ
£ҶᶨӲģʦҪ˵ˡ
ҶɫᶨƺϵˣҲ⣬ֻεҲաʦ֪Թ׸ıԼм֡
˵һֵҲɽΣ⣬ʦɲʧȥӡ
ɣʦһ£ǰ֮ǰʦܾͨеõġһƷ£ɵϾǿȫһ㴩ϣڹؼʱá
Ըòϰɡ
˵ţָһǰĿռѿһɫĿռƣռ䡣
һһɫķ£⣬֮кȻ˳Ĭ˼䣬Ҷоһ漴ǽķ±ȫڡ
Ҷ澪ȣ͵ⷨһ¶ʾֻеܵĹʱⷨ²ŻֵȻƽôҡУ˭Ҳ֪ϴ˱ͽȻ졣
Ҷͷʾס
ʱŷ£Ȼоڷ֮£ԪĸӦҲˣ֪ǷµЧոǸԾĽģʱȻҲûȷ£ʱⷨµԡ
һʱ䣬ҶֻижޱȣҪ˵Щʲôȴǲ֪˵ʲôֶ飬ԶԿԱġֶ鶼֪ĳһ죬лԼʦĶ飡

ʱ޴˾ŴΣͱֻеӽӵش񣬲֮ΣʱŻ졣
һ죬ʱ̵ˡ
£Ҷ֣ޱȵĹǰصĿͷʦģһʦʧģ
ͷҶȥϵĻҳ¶һ˿΢Ц
ȥɣʦϵƽ˵⻰кȻ뵽ʲôɫʱһ䣬Ҳ¶ɱģסʲô˵Ϊ㣬ֻܸɱˣ۳ʲô£ʦ


 Ѫħǿ 072 ҹ
ɽ޲ǣһ·֮ϣҶûмһһ·̳
һˣٶ죬գ͵޲֮⡣޲ǴΪߣ»޵Ľ紦·ȻкɳĮǼΪȲ֣Ҳʲô
Ϧ£ɳ֮У˵ǰȻһǳء
ڵȵһˣгȻ󣬻δʮӳȣХΪɽ˵ӡʱ˳ǳأּһʱ䣬֪޲ǵˡ
ǰһȷ޲ǣϻλʦܻʦã޲ѾˣȥҴ󽫾ʹһ磬ٻϡ
༸΢΢˵ͷʾͬ⡣ҶҲνһ·϶û˷ʱ䣬ʹϣҲڱĿޣûΪ·ճʱҲЩˣҪϢ
ǳˣ˵Ȼˣһλʦܿǰе¥Ϣһҹ󽫾ʹͻ͡˵꣬ǳһޣȽˡ
༸໥һۣû˷ԣ㲻жȥ
Ҷһ·㰲ȫ·ϲûʲôԽˣȴԽԤУһʲô⡣
Ҷʦ֣
ʱǰͷ˺ȻعͷҶһҶʱ̧ͷһˣȴͷĽгУȴһòŮĵӽ橣ǰ⽻ģ˵һ죬ҶԼ֮⣬ΪɫĵӡҶˣҶȴֻ֪ǰ˽ĬȻ
ΪĬȻһҲϣһ·ϲ˵ҽܱ˺ü飬Ҷ벻֪ѡʱҶסԼԼģϾ༸ˣѾ͸ˣ֪㲻ȥˣεʲô𣿡
˼Ҷڸ˵ˣϱЦ⡣ϸϽٶȣҶ沢ţָǰĳǳأЦҶʦ֮ǰһû޲ǰɣ
úϲˣװֵģЩӤʣ۾ҲܴԲĹĵģҽ˵ʵǸôֵӡ˵ΪƽͣС
ҶûʲôУЦȷʵǵһ޲ǡ
⻰ʱǰ޲Ǻüء˵ߵ»ҶȥʦЦûʲôãϲȥôҾϣԼ֮߱¡ͨ£ˣ·ҿɲ·ϣ־Ҫѧһ¡
ԼѡΪ⣬ȻҶԾЦ棬Ҳû˿иˣͬȸоãͲסֿʼϲҶ޲ǡ
޲Ȼش߽ȴǴ»ó׵ıؾ֮·һ̳ǡԲǧ֮ڣˡסİգ˵Ҳиʮˣܿٵ»ءĲ˵»޵ǱţޱȣҼом»ģǱһζء
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ĬȻ˵ȴԶǽ橵ŮһæĿ˵ȻˣЩʲôЩӹ֬׷ۣôҴŮȣɺʦģֱһЦ˳ǣЦ˹ЦҲ˵ǲǰ
˶ʱǡ
ôһС֮Ѿ¥ǰ
ɽʱΪ˱鷳һڵķθˣʱ˴ŵ񸻼ӵܳΣû˵ע⣬ֻɺòȴڽ˲פΧۣһ»޹òѯɺļҵĹС㣬˵ϣܹȥסʱɺֱӾͰνҺñסȻĻҶ»ӣ˳ɵ
òоգס¥
¥ȴ󽫾涨ס¥ĹģĴ޲һľ¥һЩ㿪ʼò͡ɽϳԵĶ̺ݣζżԵɫȫʳһʱ䵹Ǵá
ĬȻԵĺżӽɺĿϣǵɺɫڣʱᱬ
ҶȤһбһɵʦã׽ԼȻҲʦֵܣԡǿ뷨˱ʵ
ʱҶˣ׼طϢգǾҪǰصԨˣɣһһСľͻȥ޻أҪú׼һΣպú˼һ顣
ɾʱҶſںȻһϤɤ
СտһȺסꣿ
ƺҶɤЩϤ
̧ͷ˹ȥֻ˵ŮӣͲ󣬿ȥֻʮ꣬һɫɴ޲ǷɳŮǼΪģҶ浹ҲΪֻ֣ǣʱŮӺȻժɴ
òϸüѩһ˫Ĵ۾鶯ǰһ
ģ۾Ҷֻ͵һԺкȻֳһ˵ӰӡӦòŶԣǵϸ˼֮ȷԼûп
ŮӻװݣȻǲ˽ϳùˣȴҶ棬˵ɤ˫۾Ҷ;Բϴ
ŮǾߵϧ
Ҷ۾΢΢лɣϧھߣô
ȻҪװڲݣȻǲ˰ϳҲʲô㣬ȴԲװʶҶ뵽عתϧ
¥ſڣϧС˵ЩԹ¥ҲûпҶ棬ֻǣҶⷬȻĶȴɺС
ɺ˳ȥҲǿϧжʱһҲΪϧò
ŮӰòŮӱϲԼͬòŮӱȽϡһ·ɺҶĬԣĿޣԸˣҲô⡣ƽ˱Ļ⼸գҶûпһۣΪҶˣһգûȤŻˣʱȴԼƺˡ
뿴һʲôŮҶ涯ݡ
һȻԸϣȴҲһ˿Բλࡣ
ҧݣɺȻվ˸һҴ¥ȥˡ
ҲԵĲˣɺˣҲкһطϢˡ

еĵ񻨴ϣҶȣֱӣؿʼ˹
ʱɫһ˿˿ͷһĻۣԽԽ֣ȵָôϸʱ㿪ʼҶ忪ʼת
һҶֻ
ХΪʲôҪ˵ЩҿԼһۣΪҲμεصħ
ϧΪʲôӦھ
Уϧʲôˣ˾ȻĹữױݣʱϢĳ޲ǡ
˵ġЩˡǲͬ飿ʲô
Ҷ˼ǧҲû˯⡣ߵſڣ˳ȥԱ߼䶼һƬѾ˯ˡ
¥ռؼҶţ֪˻԰档ʱļ޲λɳĮԵȻޱȣȴˬޱȡĻܱ֮طһģ
Ҷ̧ͷɫҹʮ壬ԲΪȻڰ׵۳ǵļˣȻЩȴҲӿһů
ʱҶıŵһ㣬
ζǰŵҲŵŴģһˡ
ݣ
Ҷ滹δͷڰУȻһ֧˳
С
ҶЦһһȻĶ˹ȥ
һУ㲻ٶȵҶعͷͣ˵ʱϳˣڣǸ㣬ҲϳˡҪΪڵӣԼװϵҡ
˵Ȼ¶һЦ¶һ˿ߣͬˮһ㲻ʤ磬Ϣ
Ҷ棬Ư𣿡
һʣ̬һһǳμʱĳ
ҶҲδö֮ĸԼ
һԽΪˣʱҶЩ֪ˡңһʻҶҲݲΪȷʵƯҹе£ޱȡ
˵⻰δҶʲôӦһЦ˳
ءˣʲô
ôһʣҶȻ֣ԼǲܸԼԭġ
뵽ҶжʱһͷѵһʣҲڸңеĿǲܸ߱˵ģ
˫ǼΪˣŮӼҶ¶˼֪Ѿ뵽ԼͼЦЦŲ뿪ˡ
ֻǵߵ·ڣȴʲôҪ£Ȼͣ
֮ȻתͷҶ棬üͷ΢ƺھʲô֮ҡҡͷͨˣ̾һεţǸҾһһ°ɡѾ˶ˡǸ˽档Ǹɱ֡ݼɱҺöˡɱ˲࣬Ӧ֪˭ˡ
ˣɡװʶҾˡȻĻǸʦûʦˣƻܲáţҴСŮ֮Ĵģǲ׼ҲҪҡ
˵⻰Ӱʧ˺ҹС
ҹˮ԰СϣֻҶһˡ
ʱȻҶһС
ˡ
ؽȻӷз˳䵽
ֳֽҶȻתȥ̧ؽ¡䡱һ̤ʱҶ㻯һǺڰл԰Χǽ
أ
ؽΧǽϣʱһ޴ɽһӿΧǽΧǽһ˲㻯Ϊ˷顣
ڰ֮УΧǽֻ֮һƺߣ̳ɢΧǽ֮ˣѾɢˡ
ҶҲ⣬ؽһЦתԼӡ
ҶߺΧǽһһӰӸҪӴܣȻоԼĿһʹ漴ۡһѪ˳
Ϣã뿪ʱ˲ѪӿֱţҲվסءһ㵹˵ϡ
Ҳˣ


 Ѫħǿ 073 ʼ
أ
޲ǶеһլԺһ죬ƺʲô˵ϡ
УҶɫʱҪ˵Ұһ㣬ǰսսڵϵһˡ
ֱǷͳͳǷ
ҶϷŭޱȣ̧ţ׼ˣһţ߷˳ȥ
˺ݺˤڵ֮ϣȴʹһңæ˻Ҷǰͷܣ͹Ҷʵ
ҶŭȻĴѵҵĴ𣿡
Ҷһ²ʵ׵˳̶ȣ֮ǰɱ˽ƣ죬Ȼһɱֶ磿ô£ϸϸ˵򡭡ӥͲøˣ
ҶзŭޱȣΪƱɱƻĲãú󣬱㽫һ٣¶ϣӡ
ĵճԵ̳кλã¶ϣ˼Ǵʧȥ̳ʸĸֻһӣȴкüڸоصΣС
֪Ҷ£һֱеһ̣Ҫ죬ʱûʱҶ£ܽҶ洦ôܸıԼ״
ʵϣһҹҶɳ¥ȻңҶԼµģûжٹϵֻǸҶĸҶɸıڣʱˣ޷Լ׽Բŷ
£Ǻ˲ҷֻսսٹӣܡûз֣¥ﻹһˡǻҶ棬Ȼָͳ첻ᱻ׷ֵġ
Ҷ˼ץϵżһǸ˵ǰŭҲʲôˣֻҪҶ޲ǵܹõԱڣȫáǰֻһ㣬ɱҶ棡
⻰һһֶȨ漴ͷǰҶȭߣʱѾȫûзˣͶҶͷлٹΣѾ˹æѾﵽ̥Ϣ۷徳磬ֻһͻƾ磬ǳʮϵһɱ֣֣Ҷɣ
ʲô취ֻҪҶҶЦʲôûпһɱ֣˵ʲôʮ꣬ǿЦܶõĸֲֶ࣬Ϊ˽ŵôŴӦΪµģȴˣڶûθԼĸ׽
ҲʲôֶΣǮʲôֻҪ£ֻܸʱ䣬º游˵ٳҾҶͷΪ游һῪĵġ
Ҷѻ˵ˣ˸ûѡֻǣһҶͷ
Ҷͷһ£Ҫ
ٹ˵˵
Ҷ߳ȥһ飬ȷû͵Ժе˶ȥ䣬˵ǰЩӣҸâɽɱһҪĻҴˣǵѳһš˵»޾ڷһ˵Ҫ׸˻ʣ⼸վͻᾭ޲ǡҪľǣȥⱦ
üͷ壬ʵ֪ⱦʲô²ȷǱĻѲ֪˴»޶͵ӲĻǵֿ϶
Ҷ˵ϵıʺֽٵд˼֣ݸǺ˿˼ۡǺ˿ͽֽյˡ
£ȥ죬±ɱҶҪܵõ游л֮ŵľ硣ʱ游շҲѣҪǰˣҪʲôûУǮɫȨֿɵã
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ȥɡҶ˻֡
Ǻ˳ȥʼֲˡ
ڣҶһˣ滨ľϣк˸Ҷ棬Ҷһҵġ˭ҲߣҲҶɫӵܣҶʲôһѡҪ;ԻȥֻҪһ仰еΪãȨζһӶòĶ
ҶЦ졣
ʱ˽Ųһ
ҶֹסЦվǰȥŴ򿪡
ſһúа˳⣬ȫ¶һа۾ͫײһԲΣȻǶһ
ңӹŹֵ£Ľϻһɫ˫סˣÿһоΪѡ
ʦҶˣ
ҶʦҶȴ֪ʲô֣ԳǰƺȻҶǰʱҶΪƱɱ£ݺһҪϵ书ĴԣҶʱνǼȵĲǸʱа˳ҶǰֻҶһ仰㸸ףոΪ𣿡
Ҷ֪˭Ǿôһ仰뵽ոԼϵ书ʱĸ׸ûΪ˵һĻбޱȡһ̣г嶯ҪڣԼĸ׺游ͳͳɱˣ
ʱ˵Ҷ벻
Ҷ˼Ļش𣬵ȻҪ
֮˱ҶΪͽҶֻҪʮڣλãġ
ĻУҶһ˵ϢԭǰҶ游Լ߻ģһеı󣬶վǸ˻¡۵ӣ߾󶼶̫ӻλߣΪǣ󽫾һӡ
ֻӿʼˡ
ͽҵ𣿡˵Ǽϸ˵ʱ˿˿һһ㡣
ҶϹޱȣʦѾҵˣѾȥˡ⣬ھͻ֡ǼٽҶȥģʱ»ǱҪ׷˻ʱҪ׷ΪҶ˽̵ġ
ĺܺáµʱ䣬Щˡüëһƣ΢΢ҡҡͷôʱ䣬ҿɵȲˡ̫ħɷѪϢ̫أҺܲϲ
ҶЦʦ˵ǣЩ⡣磬ӵʱȥɡҲʦһЩϵ¡ȻĻϣҶǻɱ˵ӵġ
ţҲá΢΢ͷЦڹȥɡ£ҲĵλȥһȨʵȨȶҲǼֵܣɽҲ¡Ӵֿϰ̬Ҳǲϳɽġ
Ҷ¶磬ʦˣ˿Աģ̧̫ˡ
΢ЦӻʱһתĵҩϣͽʱҲˣҲûдʲô㲻ʦɣһתԪˣԪֱӽ֮ǲôģȻˣҲûʲôöˡͽܣˣҾͲˡ
ҶŵҩƷò֪Ǿõĵҩûиã֮ͬЩԼͻƽģҲκ𣬵±ϲڵϣĽӹҩлʦ
˵˵ͷҶ㿴һɫϡ
Ļһת˱ʧԭء


 Ѫħǿ 074 
һҹ޻ڶ磬Ҷһϣȣ߳
ɣĬȻҲ˳
Ҷ棬ĬȻǸˣ磬Ҷʦ֣ҹǳֵĺܣҰҹһը죬ǽ˵Īҹջܣ
˵꣬ҲҶشԹЦǲܵ¡ŤͷȥʱȴԺȷʵһǽˣ¶һ޴Ļڡ
һʱ䣬ǶʱȻĳ˳飬Цˡ
ҶޱĵǱ˶ˡҹңһҲСĵ㡣·ɲ̫ƽ
Ҷ˵꣬㱳ؽǰͷȥ
󣬼½ʼ𴲣ǰԺȥ
ʱ¥ſڱһ⡣
ӭȥ
ʱ˷ͬĻһˡ˿ȥͲ󣬶ʮͷ߱۳ޱȣʱ޿̲Ÿ߶ȵľһһж͸¶һӾϢ
ҶϢΪϤ´һۣ⣬һѵõľǿߡ
ܵλ޲ǵĳǷĸͳ죬ˡ
Ǵ󺺸ɾĶһȭĳλλѾ׼ˣô͸ҳɡھ£ǳ˵
á
˷׷Ǵ󺺵Ĵ£ųȥ
˿µĶǺһ·ɱƬ̾ܳ޲ǣһֱȥ
Ľ£֪ߺɳĮгһصװ޲ǵľڲ֮ǰֵģֱͨħɷѪԨ֮ء˴˴ε֮أ
ط޲ǵľѾˣħɷѪ壬Ϊʺ˵˴ĵһҪԱЩ˶ڵľӢÿһպǰ;ûΪ˼ѪڵصƴɱĿܡ
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ˡǴ󺺶л˫һ֡
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ߣҲȥ
ħʳһΣܵõɱħʣһսʹսҲ㹻ˣ


 Ѫħǿ 081 
Ѫڣ׳־˭Ҳסǽصɱħʵǿģ
˺һսʲôҶŴ󲿶ӣһص׳ȥ;һ֣޸Ļᣬͱࡣ
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ʱʱȣ˸ںһǵз׷ױصħʳϢǣ
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У˵ж̺˷ܵĹâ֪һΣռ󣬵ڳΪʦջȴֵõġ
Ҷ濴Щ˵Ŀ⣬֪е뷨ʦջҲȷʵֵΪƴֻǣҶ漴ȴ뵽ȻᣬѵһʦȻܹǰ֪أ󽫾ѵͲȡħ𣿴󽫾ӵʮӢڶ࣬Ϊʲô᣿ȥŵӲ𣿡
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Ҷ˵¶һ˿廳ȻԼžɭֲɭﵽ׷ɱĴ̿͵龰ʱҪеޣе׷Ĵ̿ͣҪǾ᲻ңʱʵδһ߾ֻǸͨĺߡ
ұΪһգұɵġǣҶȻǣǿûУڻĺúõģʱΧɱЩ̿ΣٶΣƼ׼Σ
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л˫ЦЦȴ˵ֱߵٵĸҶ档
˶һۣҲֻҧݸϡ


 Ѫħǿ 082 Ѫ
޳ʦܣ󣬵ȳȥؽ壬أƾƼ׼˲ҡǵһ˲䣬Գȥʱ׶ڻ㣡
Ҷͽ޳ĬȻǰ棬ʱǵڲڹսǴ棬ݣ߰Ƽ׼ƼܴҶ֪ġһеĺף㴩㣬ҲֵܵƼ
ʱҶɽʱƷ巨¡ⷨµķҶʮ㡣е׶Ʒնɱ̥ϢǿߡƷ¿ֵܵϾȫһģƼ׼ٴҲϾǿ߱⣡
ʦַģҽ޳嶪ˣҲʦˣʦҿɱоǣ޳㣬ץסԼеĵⳤ趯֣Х߿һý޳ȻͲ󣬲ʮ꣬ҲѾ˾͵Ʒʡʱǵûлֲ̿ɫ˷ܣ˸ޱȵĹâ
ʦ֣ʦ֣أҸøʲôĬȻ촽һڴĿҶ档
Ҷ濴һۣ˵ͨ˳ȥѾסͨ󲿷֣ûٶĵط㷢ˡ
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ĬȻ⽣⣬ʱͷ۾ǲ˼飺ǽطġɱɱȻ彣֮У⽣ɱأ޳ɽʱû硣û뵽Ȼʱͻƣ
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漴ǽɫķ¹âҲǱޱȣҶڡ
ⷨ¸ոҶڣ˲䣬ҶоԼԼѵعǶʼ̡죬һ̣Ϲѵ˲ٶȳɳ
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ȻΪķ»壬ҶһΣѲ漴ȴһƬ
ܹһǸ˾ֵܵģܹⷨһΣѾˣͬһұɣ
Ҹô죿Ҹô죿


 Ѫħǿ 083 ħʳ
޳ʦܣˣ
ҶӾܵڰӰ죬޷һ״ӶԶĵطǶԷΪȻǿ࣬Ӧķλ׼ȷޱȣһԼƷ»壬ոһҶɣ
һУĹһңҶΪƾԼͽ޳˾ԵסʱˣȴԼ˵ģ֣֮
ոһٶ֮죬֮ǿ
޳Ҷ汻һţΪѾѣ׼ΪҶ汨𣬲Ҷ澹Ȼûʱ޳ϲѸҶߣһѽҶ¶ϲá
̫ˣҶʦ֣㻹ţҾ֪㲻ôױ˸ɵģ
ҶɫһƬ԰ףȻһƷµֵʱѪ飬ʵѾԭȵһ룬־ǿѾȥ
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Ҷһץס޳˿ٵ˻صԭ֮ͨУֱкʯǽҶŰ
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ǿȻˣǶԾޱȣһ㿪޵Ĺ;ԼĳعءһǾ޵һƬۼױ䣬Ѫ
޷ŭޱȣβһɨǿߣһӽɳȥּϣϵķڹдذȫû·ƾԼǿڶԺһ˿ɵĻᶼûУ
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ⲻħɷѪħʣഫħɷѪߣȻڵصףɱнɫ˫ᣬɷʣȻ׺Ǳûнᣬħʣ
ûϴӦǵص׵һǿޣħԣĿģӦҲҪħѣ׳Լ
ǿޣնԷѪܹҲ˵׼ԣֻħѵľǣǿ޶ԣһٸıԼѪ洦󣡡
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뵽ҶһƬ
һ󣬷Լͬ˶ԶԶߣߴļңڹʤ뱻ⳡ粨
ҶһҧҪ湬ȥ
ʧʧٵȥǵħԾҪӮսʱħѣǶɡǰõħѣȻħħԣʱǻл뿪
뵽ҶһҲͣսûпһ٣˹롣
ǣһ빬ȴǿһɴŮѾվʥص룡ϣϵĵѪҶ
ǰһѪɫľ޵㹻ѪʱɢĹâʱҪƿǶ
ʲôˣڸʲô
ʲôˣħѣ
ҶһҲͣ˲͵ŮǰؽȻᲽɾʱȻ䣬ŮӻعͷҶֻһˮ峺Ĳһ˿ʣĵģ̲סͻݽȥ
һ˫ҶȻһؽĺҲ˲䣬Ȼ
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ŮҲҶ棬ҲŽֱһ¡
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˫Ծ鱧ǿѪɫħѣǹʱɢŵǳɫĺֵĹâ
ңҶ滹һ﷢һͨͨ죬ںڰļžУ죬Ȼ˵
Ϊʲô
У㵽ʲôˣ
ʱҶŮֻһ֮ңеؽ󣬴ʱҲѾ߾˰գֻҪҶһͷ񽣱նɱǰŮӣѪ岽
ֻǣҶѾʼЩսվǽؽ֮˶ԣΣܻ֮ܲųȥ£ǰŮӵݣҲ̫ˡ
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뵽Ҷɱһ֣̲סնɱϧһ˰ˡ
תбһգ֪Լӽʲô⣬ҵʱֻ˵һ䲻ԼĻҲǵԼһСʱգԾսսĹӣһչᣬΪͻͽһǿޱȣ˵󽫾Ҳδľǿߵʦ
ʱ֪ԼδжġȴҲûΪԼڲƭԼĻᣬԼõʶ֮Լд
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ʱҶоޱȣɫ任ΣϵҲǱΣվֻؽȥ
ﲢûˣǸǿ߿еˣӦþˡӵǿ߻Ӧò͡ǣ˵ݼȻΪλΣձصԨصף
ʵδ죬ģĻﵽʲôأħȻ󣬵ǣֻҪܹƾԼߣͲħʲô죡
ҶԺУһ˲ͷǣƫƫ벻ͨħʲôɣһӵ۷徳绤ĹðΣȡ
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⻰Ҷһ漴һ죬ɼʱԼȷʵʹ⡣
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ΪԽȫ꾫ǣ޷ɢ㣬⾹Ȼѡӡ֮ڣҪԼ
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һֻ޴βͺȻɨ˴ǽڣ漴Ǿ޴޳˵ǰѪɫɱ⣬עˣ۾ϧǿŰɫħʱȻΪ֮һ
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ʲôҶо²ȵĶе쳣㻺ȥһģбɻ󣬡һʯôʯʯ֡
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ص׵ĴǸ漣Ҳ֪˶ܡϧϧҲ
Ɱķ֣ܸǳȥĵ·ϾǴϵıڻУȻӳ죬мȴһκڰ˺ڰǱڻϵһ룬ҸˣɼǺڰоԳΣա
ϵĻҳȥ¶֣ϧһȴüͷʼϸϸĴϵ֡
Ҷϧɫţȫעؿŵµ񱮣֪ʶЩ֣Щ棬Ҳһ
Ɱϣȴ⣬ƺһЩŹֵͼ¼Ҷ濴ףֻͼ¼ϣߵɫĵ⣬ǳĹâŤŤزͼ¼ϣȥǸŹֵ״
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Ҷ治˫˸űĹâϧȴǳһһʵΪʲôҪЩԼһҵЩ֪ĽЩ伮óȥûбҪңڸңңѵͲҼ⣬ˣֱӽɱˣȻ˽Щ
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ͷԼɢķߣ̧ͷĿתЦҲŲ֪㲻ɱҵġ
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ҶȻóˡ

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Ư𣿡
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ֲøոأԭ澹ȻȫǽҲʺֽҲǴǸġǸֵҲˣȻӲֽԸ߾ΪӡЩС֡
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еһССĽƬƬȻǼбģҲΪģȻڱʱ򣬾Դ
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ԺȻһը죬ҶоԼأ·ԼһȫµĴš
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лܹͳӣӦܹʩչϾǿһ棬ֱӽһѪۼں֮ܵڣһ֮ҵʵǿһ
Ͼ磬ߵһҪָߣߣһۼڴľ֮У䵱в㽫졣Ҷݣܹ٣ǧ˵ͳɽȵʵϵ۷徳磬ʸͳ˴Ϊͳ˧
ȻףֻССһǣ˵ⲻһȫıҶʱˣ֮ǰʵȻǱҲǿǽֻΪͨߡһϣҶ˵ս֮еã˼ã
ҪǣҶڿ˳ǰУչԼ⣬ǵõȨĬģ
ϵߣԶΪѫ塣ߣɷܽӵзأ˻£ʢĴ࣡
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ոսâɽĹЩؼһɹѫһҲնɱзĲҪҪһЩҪǣԱһǧͳ˧ҶҰĸ
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ܹһӵʱڣͨĳ̳ʮֱռڵЩ߶飬ֿռơʹؽʱȻԽԪעʹؽʮҵ𵴺֮ǰǲʮεĺȣ
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Ϊ˼ʹȳȥһ·ϵĵԳܣ·ϡΪҶͨļʱХؾĸǰ̽顣Ǽ˸һ˳Х
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Ҷؽ׼ϢһҶ涮ݽϣ˲ǻÿʱÿ̵һЧʣʱþˣƣᷳʱ򣬾ҪϢÿʱҶ涼ϲʡ
һˣʣʲôҲ룬֮䣬ֻһˡشʲôҲûСҶϲָоʵһϲȨˡ
ǣȨû㹻Ϊ˳𣡳ޣʱɱһ˵Եġ֮ǰڵصͨУҪЩĽƬȡѫǾϧǰֵôûзȵġ
Ǹ׵ˡҲʲôȨüصˡ
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ЩȶҶЩη壬һΪΪϵһЩҶ̣ҶĻش֮ӱоСʦȻЩƧȴˣҶĳĬԣҲǵ˳һǾСʦֵ𾴡
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¶һ˿ЦݣҶɢͷεҡҡͷ漴ֽͷϵһ˿ҵҶӲȥ
һ̣Ҷ治֪ΪΣӿֳһůеĸоĸһ㡣뵽һֱչ˺ָ㣬̻ĵϵ⣬ÿһζβ룬˿ûвͷ
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Ҷʧܣ󽫾ץذ׵۳ǣӲĺܣȻܵĹԱ֪ݣô̱ƹֻýΣӺѶǰŸսΣţֱһ˴ߣ˾˵Яġ
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һǿߣǲѭĺǾ޴ģˣ۹ڣ֮ѹҪɶ˻ʻԳ棬նɱ
ǹ棬ȥ˽ϣʱ֪ȥǰϴӪʦֺϣס˵
ҶͷԼ
ʦģһͷأ󽫾ŭ𣡡


  090 ¥ƮƮ
ƣ̻½ϡ
ʫʮᣬ½ϡ
ϣһֵ˵һӡ󣬴ˣȻ뵽ӳ¶¥̨ʯ̳ɵСľ¥ɫСԺ
һջ꣬ҲӦһֽɡŮӣƳƳּȵǻسСƺҲɢĵͬǶһζ
ΣľɫǽҶĻ˵ӦǱһġ
Ҷϣϵķ缫󣬴졣
ʱһϮɫľ·òӢͦĿ̺ϣüƮͿʣˣǾϧҲġֻףһӻԶʵ
ԣδԼòֻǣΪ֮󣬵ϣʹεĲںʱ˵ҲüΪɫײһֱ͡
Ϊϵľ磬ʹ֮ںһ˿һ˿֮ϸˮԪ֮òҲǷ
Ҳÿ֣ʹòªȴҲһע⡣
ǧڵϴӪ·;ҲǼʱ䡣ҶϣڵĿٶôĿ٣Ҳǲ㵭Ԫɴԡȫ޷Ӱ쵽һ˿⼸ռҹ裬˫Ŀ֮ϣڤ
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ʱֻһ漴ſʮ׿ľ޴ڿ˼֮󣬱һ˿ŵ温ȥ

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Ҷģ·ϣݳڵĲٶŮӣƵƵĿвŮȣС죬ཻͷӶ໥ѯʣ˭ҵĹӣ˷ʣǰȴҲãϵ𣿡ԭǧСѾ߶죬Ҳ̲ס棬ƿһ˭ҵɾ
ʢŮҲΪţǸԣĽϡ궼зСǿ˿·ͣһʱ飬ȥ˸ĸҪס׶֣ŮΪ࣬ڴȴ෴˹
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еӵƣϣһֵܽ˵ЩƫֵܣЩϵӵܣʮˡʮУֻкϣһ˻һѫλִƾʵȨ
ܼҵȻףϣ׵ľΪʮǰڣǰƺ֮Լ˵ɽʱӵᡣ
ܼЩźϣδһ岻صӵܣ񣬵ʲôش峤ʹԶྩҲǲĸʣӣ˵Ǻϣͬ͵ֵܵòЩһķ֧Ҳӵеġ
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Ҷ̾һȴǲ⡣
а񽣣¹ѽѾ쵽ˡ뵽ȥڣһģ꣬ΪԼŬһڰ׵۳оչˣӦÿ԰ĵĹˡڼ侳ı֮ǰҲû뵽
ҶЦЦȴʵǸŮӣĺ𣿡
ܼǼǸŮӵģԼҵΪλǸŮģͷ˼Ůӡԣ˲ʱ䶼ȥֻΪһЦūȰΣ˶ЦЦ˵޷͢ûɱ˼˵ݳڣҲȷʵһŮס
ŮӾȻҶǣһЦݣȻѩ
⺮ԱߵĹܼҿˣɵһͣ̾Ľ
ܼһȣϱ̲סŮϣȷʵһ졣
ϵһҶֽѩ˽ʣȻԹܼҵȻˣԶˡ
ܼԾһ̧ͷҪɱǧҪ˻ĵġ
Ҷ治𻰣ԹȥܼҲֻĿҶȥ֪Ǻãֻԭǻ
ҶԹһڽϣ磬ĺܡ
ϣѵΪϷԲ
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㣿ʹǿܻ¶˿ġΨһĿܣ̻
͢ˣȻܣ⽭ϵϣȴ͢ΨһпܵģȻǶȺ
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ݳǵҹǲߵġ
þϣҶѾϰϵҹҹҹ
ϱ߽ÿһ·ͳȨңΪ⼸ϱ߽Ϊ󽫾ٽеľӶϴӪͳϽǷַأԱ˵һЩûػţ㻥๥ռԷȵɣȻĿŵռ죬ȴԱĳʵ߾ǿΪصˡ
֮࣬ȫȱѫ֮зأʵϣؾôһЩкֵܷصġ
ԣһЩ汲Щ긻ǿʵ߾ĺ·أⱾһֹĬľҲһĿǰЧѭڳ͢Ƿ˶ʧȥ˵ģ
ʵھһЦˡ
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󣬿϶ʦţ塣һǧ˵
¸ҹһѵõĺ
ҶûŲڽϣ֪УѾǡݳĵضΡ
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·һͷ볰Ц˵ʧܣתͷͻ֣ᷢĳҴŷҵĹӸ磬ֻΪģװʧߣڽߣ뿴ˣ˶ʱ˲ںݣĶôϲλҪˡ
΢Ѳ֮£ǡǣģԾڽϡྩҲȲϡ֣Ϊ˶Щ˼档
Ȼķ£Ҳ̾˿ķԷաֻҪ㿪ǮͿκ£õκϢϵӪͳ˯ûӣһ˯˯ֻҪ㿪ǮһУ˹ϡ
ֻҪǮ
ĵطȻҲаԵڡȻǶȺǣҶԣȴ㹻ˡֻǲ̽һЩϢѡã֮Уϵϵĵڸ
ҶڳʾԼϵŵӵƺʩչһԼĽЩӶʱȷҶݡ
¼ˮԪ֮Ĺǧ֣ÿһȴԼϡϵ¾Ĺ׽͡ϵ罣¶һ޶ġȴ֮⣬±һٻᡣ
ǡ׽ǡϵ罣󣬶һ⣡
һ֣һȳȻұĽ⣡
ҶȻϣһһӳʹÿѹ׵ͨűֺĻꡣ
ʵϣ磬ֽȻͬĶΣζߺһֻ֮֮أֻؾһеĸԴʼգ֣һֻء
׵֮أݻ֮һ
Ԫϵֻ֮ҶҲҪȫֻҪúרһˮԪ̶֮תΪ֮֮ȥ֮

֪ʦ˴ϣʲôҪӵЧ͵ģ
һϵܵص㣬еһׯ԰ׯ԰ݳڵҩˡЩ꣬ݣΪϵҵ˲ٵϡҩģȻǶĵرʱԱһ˻ʮϵ£ĶҶš
˶ЩηĿϵˣȻᣬǣֻҪһ仰ˣòΪȥƴ
ΪҶʱһû׼ʱԱź޶Ҳ£ʽݼҶ档
Ҷ̧ͷһǼˣƺΧЩ࣬㽫ԼķѩЦҲؾнϣһС£ΪոߵǣŽ˳һЩС⡣
Щ⻰ȻظˣȴˡҲӵһЩ񡣵Щ񣬶õ͵ȵģɴûгֹʦ״ǰġȻԶڽϣҲ֪ǰʦһ״ӡ谮֮ԶԶ֮ǰλдţ˵ʦ⽫ϵ֮λǰλСʦ塣
ôһڣδӲ죿
һ룬⣿£ΨΨŵŵվһԣҿȺУԱһ˫۾Щšֻ֣εԼһ˫Ů
ǣŵĶŮȤƣҲƣ̥ǺøСŮ޴ʱҰ۾Ҷģ˺档кԵСʱԴҲѧĸ׵ģС
ҶһЦԼ⣬ǸӽˡȻʲôġ
ݳΪӣʹѾĿꡣǣҲܾôԼոǿֱ¥ƮƮԼԻôһνΪԼƥһ³һЩΣǣȴԺ󣬱˶˵ϵ̳һûʲôصĵӡǶʦˡġ
ңȻƽѾãǺ֮ϸݳڣҶȻовĸ֡
СԪɽʱġֵҩϵ࣬ģȻеٮٮߡҶõҩԪޱȣɲһŵҩȻҪʮȥᴿЩԪʵǻ
ǣĺ⣬ȴܾܾ
ԪʦɽʱҵġòأʹˣҲûʲôЧ
Ա⣬Ҷͳųĵҩ֪ҪʹԼ˵ģǿģʱҶĻȴɫһ壬ҶѰġʱɫڨڨǰ˰벽ĽţŲ˻
Ҷ濴ɫ֪뷨ЦЦЩ깦ͿͣʦǼǵõġûˡ㵹Ǻøءһ˫ŮʺǲأҿźϲԪòɶ˵Ǻö
ôллңҶȻΪ׺͡
ʱԱһ㶣ĴҶнӹԪȵⵤҩůůĸоºͣԱæԼһ˫ŮҶ֮ǰǿͷԹллʦ档ʦļͷ
ôһϵıʱڴޱȣҲࡣ
ҶϱĶ࣬ЩҩװһСƿӡ֮ǰڵصԨǷ»壬ҶԼҪˡ£һöʥҩȻȫͬ
Ҷһһ˶ɫϲҲøǢҶʱҲոн˶ȿֺʦš


  092 轣㿴
ʱ֮Ҷ潥ƮƮݣ¥һЩ˽⡣
ЩӵĻ¥ھ̥Ϣĸ֡ˣǶȺڽϵԼҵƮƮȻҲһ֣ȴҶʼδ
ԭݳڣȴϴӪе佫֣ôҸ֣֮ϵһ֮أǲԻҶЩϢһ˿˽⣬ҲԼֱӶָеҡ
Ͼ֣ûϾǿ߱ǲ֣
˸˵Լ֪ϢҶݳڵ㹻˽⣬ʼü˼ֻǣʱſںȻ˵ƮƮѾߣĽһ
ʲô˶ʱԱ⡣
ԱҲĪҲʶʲôĽҲ¥ûʲôϸƮƮʲôоЩԣŷǸĽҪ˭
ŷô˶ţоͬâڱܲӦ룬û˵С˿ŷдŸҶʲôǸ֣Сûп
ҶվʵǸ֣ǲǷ棿ķ棿
ŷҶһѣʱԴϲԣǷ档ô֪ģ
˵ĿҲʱùŹޱȣΪǶ֪ǰλСʦ壬ͽҶ档ƮƮȻô֪Ҷôֻһܣڹ
ԱɫΪڹԼҵСʦ棬ηŵȥ¾Ѿϸ飡
ҶµǻȻ⣬¥ݳ֮Զ⼸ܱȡǽǣҲ
Ҷ滷˼ˣЦǡȤңȥ˵Ȥ𣿡
ǣȤȤȻȤ
漴Ҷһ䣬зѩ
ߣȥʲô

ɫʣɴһŮϡ
ͲԼĪʮңۣһ˫䷢٣Ǳ׼Ѿߴ硣վŷڣðҲ̲סƵģŽż⣬Ͳס
ȻǾıӣһһʵġ
ȻҲ֪ŵʲô˸硣
磡
͵͵˲°ͺͱϵС󣬶ȴǹĽһ
ѽûгԷءڶӶˡӻģءûˡȻӻóһͱ˶ûעʱٵתȥݺҧһڡ
š
ֻǣδȥʱʱȴǿһȺ˿ٵĴԺǴǽ˳
˿
ȥСȴǾţཱུģԲĹĵģôҲʲȥ
ѽζ˶ˡȥҪСˡ
ɫˣӶҪˣȴû뵽ʱȴһıһ㣬ʱһůӱƺͨʲôһӣ͸оҺڼӿ죬ǿڲͱҲ˳ƽ˶ӡ
á
˸ã˵ллȴʶԾһסͣЩҵĿǰˡ
Ҷ濴ʱȴҲҶ˵Ŀʱײһ𣬲֪ΪΣŮоǰ˵Ŀⲻ֪ΪΣǺϤƺ￴
Ҳ֪ΪΣҶУûݺݵĵԼֱӿʵôңǲǰ
Ҷûлش⣬Цſдӻóһݸ͡
ŮѽһҲ⣬ֱӴҶù˵Ĩ͡
˶ⳡǹŹֻ֣Ҷ棬ġ
ǲǽСࣿҶ濪ʵ
ĻЩҲЩϲȷŮǲǸˡ
ǰҲŮֻǣǻںܾúܾԺִһʱ򣬱ΧɱˡǸʱҲһɫ·ʲôʱܻһͱŮ
ǸŮ︽ɽһסʵϣҶ֪ǱףŵġСôùҶ棿ǾԼʵԲŸҪһ׸ԼֻǣɵŮΪԼô࣬ʵ˲ˡ
ϡǵãһ꣬Ҳ죬ԲδԲδɫˬʡ
ѽ㱿ˣΧɱ㣬ͲȥԼ𣿱𶯣ѪˣòײŰõġģͦÿġ
ͣ𶯣ҵġǸġ
ѽԵĺñ˯ÿҪǾԳԺȺȾ˯ǸжðҲȥˡ
ã֪һ˰˺ѽһؼŶǵԺϣҪǶӶҼ䷹Ŷ
ҼݣѽԲŶҲܸģҸ㣬ɵɵӣҲҲġ
㲻ҪˣɽءС½߱ŶǱˣŶ
ŶǵѧǱףҪ轣ҿŶѽԣҶҪˣӦÿˡ
㱣أˡ
һ죬һƥϰСҶ뿪ˡ
Ҷǣ֪Լ䣬ʲôҲûСҲ֪ʲôʱᶪ
Ůӣ˵ʵ̫ݳޡ
ǣڣȻĳˡ
촹
ףǸŮҶһʣʱѿڶô֪Ҷû߹˰漴⻰ԣָĿڵǵġڽĽɲСࡣϴˡ
⻰˵꣬˶ʱЦ
Ů֪ΪʲôЦʲôЦġ
ҶûЦһֱĿС࣬һֱǵãʱ뿪ʱһЦϵİһܴܴ˱۾Ҳӡ
Ķߣƺһգϵ
ҾãСȽϺءҶ濴Ů˵š
ǣ˵ҽĽСࡣŮֵң¶һ˿
ǾͽĽҲܺҶЦ
ŮǸˣǵȻԼȡ
˵¶ЦˣʱȻЩԾͷˡƣԼСʦСѾߣе⡣
ȻҶһԼֱߵķѩ
ѩϡһʣ纮˪Ǳ䡣
¹ƮϵϽߣɢĹʡҶɫޱȵ棬ִšǰ۵Ůȴƺ£ܶģ
ǵѧˣҪ轣ҿŶ
һ仰ƺڶơ
ڣ轣㿴𣿡
ҲŮش𣬾ʱҶȻ˳ȥ᳤һ㣬
Ȼɢȥһ̣֪ΪΣ̧ͷ¹Ҳȸո˲١


  093  ˼Ů
壬Ҷۻɢѻܸ˼֪գʱҹΪ顣
죬紵Ҷ۷֣ѽԺбյŮϺ˵ġ
ʱҼˣҲûԼֻһΪκȻ˳˵ҪΪԼ轣
ֻ̧ͷʱԶֻҶ潣Ӱɣس
Ŵ۾ϸһ۵СָԼ°͡
˭أΪʲôһ˵Ҫ轣֡
ȻʱԺϼ佣ѩֻоüΪ䣬󣬾ȻмƬ֡Ƿѩ䣬ʱһƬɫ˪ѩȻ˶Ŀ
ѽŮ龰̲סȻýʹΧ¶ȶ½ˡ֮ܿʹʦһˣҪȴʦҪˡ
С轣ģܺÿ
뵽Ů϶ʱߺϼ˫ա

½ʽҶһ趯Ƭ̹
赽һʱֻ紦ѩĺ֮У벱ֻ˴˸۾еҶʱȻԺУﻹӰӣ
ӦԺоȻӰӣ
ƺǷѩȻΪ鲼Ŀռ֮ڡֻҪҶһͷ⽣ͻĸط̳
⽣ȳ̶ȣȻ˵ˣ룬Ѿǵ
ˡһҶᵯƣյתȻصǰ
ϣ
ѩӦʵ˶ʱγѣޱȵĿҶ棬鲻Խʵʦ壬ղĽܵĿѵʦȻˡǵ񼤶ĪҶʱϸޱȵĳ羴η壬Ľޱȡ
ôϾǿߣδŰ
ҶЦЦȴشǵĻߵŮǰѯʵÿ𣿡
Ůһ㶣漴¶˷ܣƴĵͷֵÿÿҴûм˿ôá
Ҷ治ںĻش𣬿ˣȴɫѿѾͷԼʦŵյ¾Ƚ磬Լ˹Ħ֮һУ˵⾳ѾͷȻĵͨĹ
ǺǡҶ֪ˣˬޱȣһ̫ܹ࣬ĻشѾ⡣ЦЦʵ⽣ʶģ𣿡
ʶ𣿡ŮüͷҰ޹۾룬ƺЩӡˣ۾ʱһֵ԰ʶġǰʦġʦ˵ҪҡҿʦʱŪ֣˺öѪԼҲСĸ֣Ծû
ף԰ʦԴĽôŽģѾͷ뵽ʲôʱ䱸ԼظоΪţоҶûʲô⣬׽Ҳ֪뵽ʲôʱҶ˵ʲô
˳ҶһۣȻʾҶӣĻҪ˵
ҶʱЦŻ⣬ƳһۣԴתȥװԼ˲͵
ѾͷˣٺһЦſҶߣʵǸʦյĵСʦ𣿴ʦֶʦʦ֣ҶʦֻĸͽܣСʦá⽣ʦԴģᴫ˵ġȻ㣬һСʦˡ
Сʦܣ⻰ҶҲ̲סЦ
ѾͷΪԼ˵ˣޱȣֲС㣬ԭҵСʦ̫ܰˣʮСʦãգиСʦˡ
ĻԺͱҲҪˡҿɲСʦŵġֻǣͱŲˣױ˷ֵġĻҿôźأСѾͷʼˡ
Ҷ澲Ŀ¹ȥ꣬ص˶ǰŮϣһֱǳʱáȻЩɵɵģ棬ϵİһһ̧ͷܿ
ֻǣ䣬Ҳʧ
˲֪СѾͷҶ˵ʲôҶŮ࿴ʹϹҲˡΪ¥ĻʲôѲĽɫϣȴôһƺʲôҲɵѾͷ˵ķļˡ
ʹȥƮƮǿûʲôĽڣʱһҶ治ɵöˡңǰԼģȻǰˣҶ浱Ȼܾ
һ䡰ȥ֮Ҷ㱻СѾͷǣ¥ȥˡ

紵ӣɫʣݳǵҹǲߵģʱӳ֣ͮͮģĺܡ
СࡣҶ濪ڵ
СѾͷüͷһ壬˵˲ܽСࡣңСʦܣҪҽʦŶԡ룬СѾͷֽŵʦ˵ҪСΪϣǲܱ¶ݡɣʦˣǽɡ
ðɡҶǺһЦô
ʲô°
ϰϰʱҹŲã¥ĻŽءﳵˮȺﲻǷޱȡڽƵţһ̣ܵĻҶȫԣֻǿǰŮ
ʮͬһΣǰȻ֪һУһʵһجΣ
˳ȻģҶȻʵ￪𣿡
СѾͷðɡȻʱۣʦҺܺðСҲܺáС˵ͽܣСѾͷԣһҲ۸ҡǲҵġҪСС棬ǾͲˡ
ʦǱ˵й©ܡҲŲǱܹ׼ȷжϳЩǺˣЩǺˡҵĸо׼ûгġЩҪǶвõͷҶܹоȻҾͲ˵ˡСѾͷһ˵š
Ҷ
СѾͷһԺͦͦСظǵȻУȻø߸ߴģҵʦܡԺסˣ˭۸㣬͸ңٸС㣬Ȼù
ǺǡҶ濴СѾͷǽı飬úܿء
˱߱ģҶһЩй⣬СѾͷһһƺûκν䱸ԭСѾͷʦǶȺеһСѾͷĸĸҲǶȺӣֻʮǰΪޣˣʬҲûҵСѾͷʦġ
СѾͷʦڶһ˳ƽ˵ɱʱֻ͹ˡ
ңСѾͷĻҶ֪ǡ½Ľ侹ȻصʦԴġ
ʵҶһ
¼䣬ܹԴһѧ˲࣬Щһⶼǵ£ھؾ磬ͨ龳Ĵʦпܡ
ע⣬ǿܡһ
ΪԴѧ漰Ķʵ̫ˣΪǸ磬ͱһԴġҪԵ򣬲ѧĳһ㹻С
½һŲĽ䣬ȻȲҶӴġ׽䡷ϵ罣䡷ŽһҲ㹻ˡܹԴһŽˣΪȻǲġ
ҶţѾͷʦΪӦñԼʦҪһȻҶ沢δԼʦͬȽױĸֶսһУԼĴ⡣
ǣⶫȺҲֲˣ
һʵǵȺܵʲôΪ
ƥ󽫾ˣ
ⶫȺٲȻǺһˣ

¥˭һۣȷǲԶһ¥õġ
˵ΪΣǻһָоһӱĸо
Ҷ濴һۣ֪ǾԼҪȥĵط
СסĵطʱС㲻ҹȥġҹȥˣҵġҲˡСѾͷ˵꣬ҶŬŬ죬˵ԼǱߡ
Ҷ溬ЦͷʾԼ֪ˡ
СѾͷ뿪̧ͷʱȻûЦ⣬ɫ
շѩӣС԰ȥ
С԰ԼʮʱʱڰӰѸٱͻȻһһ٣˶վ˿Ҷϵһȭȫ񣺡Ժ󡣡
Ҷʱһ˱ȥˡ
Ҷ濴µһۣԻѮΰ֮ˣֱ۲Ծ绢̾ᣬ˵һüӡҶʱȻ˾Ȼк۷Ϊ˾Ȼϸ˿ţ󽫾ûôݳޣⶫȺǺɰ
ҶʱѾа˳ɰգǹϢЩһ֪
Ƭ̣˴ҴҶҶ湰ֵˣѾ¾ϯͽȥһ𡣡
·ɡҶ˻ֵ
ǰͷ·Ҷ԰ﴩ
ʱҶ淢Ѿ·ľͷ
Ҷ̧ȥǰдеһƬ֣ҶӸסҰʱҶȻεȪƮ
СˮǴС԰ˮͤϷġʱͤǺɫĵʢĻһںҹֱɫʡ
ҶӼȻˣСͤһ۰ɡ
ڵˣӵһ
Ҷ˼֮ȴˮͤ
̲ɫĵ߸߹ţǺɫĹ֮£ҶһĻ档
۹ˮ֮ͤϣֻƮƮһϮɫϣӵһģü΢ǡ׵ñ͸һ㣬͸һκ졣ƻҫӳѩ׵ϣƺ͵Ĺâ
Ҷ濴ˣ΢΢һЦŸһ񣬳ίأͷȴ΢ʣëʹսۣɫ͡
ƮƮַ顣˵ֻһۣ㽫һģ˩档
һʱ䣬Ҷ治ˡвصʱܼҶƮƮۡ
ŮӼ˼Ůӡ


  094 СŮ֮ ƮƮ
ŮӯӯһЦ̧ͷҶģȴǳճЦһ
Ҷӣ
ŮӵͺҶһŮ̬֮ϧõģ˼֡
£вɵý䱸Ů˵òȷʵֵýĵطֲЩＴʹ֪ݣȴһܹĻ֮
Ҷ˼˸Ȼ֪ǰŮֻԶۣ档
ŮӴһϮӳ֣ңҶ档Ҷ棬аԭҶ档Ͳ˵ʮ겻Ӣ۳ꡣ˼ҵòҪƬ̣ȴת˲ѣΪ֮ǿмĵմӶ޷⡣
ϣȻΪҰԱס˹棬Ϊû֪¿ȻյͲйأǲöԸټϵйٷ£治ð졣Һãʱ֪ںδȻʱѾˣ
˵Ŀڿӣһ˲䣬˶о˶ԷƲ磬ͨİ취ǲöԸ
˴ʱСңң⼸׵ľ룬˵пޡ˱ž裬ûнӽ˼
Ƭ̵ĳĬ֮Ҷȿˣ֪ƮƮҹ⣬Լʲôҿʦֺϣ׽տ¥δؼҡﲻȥдʦ֣վҪͷʦֿǽϵоͳ½ɲ¥ӡ
ƮƮŮƺʱɫŹ֣ҶһۣҶ沢ǹȤԼĶԼɵ뵽ʲô¶һ˿εЦݣҶӣӦϴˡСŮ֮ˣȵƮƮ
Ŷϴˣ㲻ƮƮô᣿
ҶһͱòסȻ˿Ǹò˼ŮӵƮƮȻ˵ƮƮҪòǣҶ
Ҷ˼ĻɺȻһ㶣ʱ뵽ƮƮҹкԼʦֺϣףʹǳճԼҲôƫƧС԰С԰¥ĺԺǰԺһξ룬޷ͷˡ
뵽Ҷ治ɵüͷѵ˲ƮƮǣȻ¥ԾӡƮƮǺˣ
Ҷɫ죬ԼɻŮϳһĨЦݣҶҪҪ죿֪Ҷ£ҪСŮӰæʲô𣿡
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ǹ棬ҿ϶Ǳ£ˡҲ֪ʲôطӲϡ£һݳǣ
˵ݳʱҶȻһεɱŷѹŮӡŮΪҶ棬ʱͷһƣһ۵һˮͤϵϡʱ亹乣ɫҰס
ǲ鷳ͳѹ潻Ȼ鷳ġҶ̣ˣ϶ǲġݳǣǶɣûôĵӸ˽ַ
ŮдЦʵ϶
ҶЦ޼ɵҵȻ϶ҪһʼͲװһҪ̸еģôһǴ˵㲻ҲûϵʦһЩӣϵŷûһҲ˼ӡǲһ飬Ҳ칦⽭ϣô¾ôֻҪ飬ȥ
ֻǵʱ򣬻ˣҾͲұ֤ˣ
ҶȻȴСЩȨܹõ
ȺӵĶԶһҪҪԷˮ·ܲԼһ˽Ҫ˽Ӵ˽ӴʱСģֻҪһ飬ܲ˿Щ˿һ࣬㻹ӵȥ
£˵Ҳôһˣǲƾʧģӵÿ죬δϢݵ󽫾ӳϡһ˽УҶ汾ֻӳϣ󽫾òֽϵ£Ȼᱻ˻𷣡ֻҶһˡ
һˣһҲûΣգΪҶȡ󹦵Ļᡣ׷Ѱ»޹׸˻ʵرŴ˻ʴǱȻ£
ΪʲôһҪɱ棿ŮҲҶԲ顣ɫЩÿˡԾǿ򶨣СŮΪ¼£һ۸񡣹ϣҪ׷ϽΪ˹»ЩǶɶԸӡֻҪӿ۸Ƕ
˵꣬ȴһڴĿҶ档
Ů˰ŮˣΪǡҶ泤̾һŮʱĿдһ˿ò˼˵˵ʵ㳤˵ҶĳƽŮӡ
ŶǵǶл̧ˡҲСŮӼſءҲ˹ӢͦɡŮڵϣ̬Ȳһָֻ
ʱɫ΢ҲǱ͸紵Ⲩʱ˫ȹգö¶˪ѩļʱӿģΪȥҲԸˡ
ӻˡҶȤζĴǰŮӣ޼ɵȻû˳ԡ
Ƭ֮Ҷ潫˻Цһȷʵո˵ҲڿǡɣֻҪһϣ̴Ҿ׷¡𣿡
Ϊһ棬һתСҪɵĴС㣬һˣ𣿡
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ô֪ҵ֣ھĻ֮󣬷Ҷ沢ûκ⶯Ůӱָ˳ȣֻǣɫԾɾޱȣ֪Ҷô³Լݡ
ǺǡҶĪһЦҶĳ²¥ǹ䣬ԲԣǺǣ¥ǷĵĺţȻŮҶĳͲ£Ҷĳһʱĺݣֱڴ˽նɱʱҶĳͷȥ͢
ŮݣҶ汾ȷǰ֪󽫾ʮȥȥɣһܡҶȴԼ֪ʱ󽫾Ϊ˼£Ҫ׽٣֮šʱƺ⵽˱˵İ㡣Щм䣬һ¥ġ¥գǴգҶ֪¥ˣǶȺܵ¥
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ҶɱĻŮɫһšһ֮Ҷ治˵ЦģûдҪնɱͼ
ֻǾôһĺ󱳾Ȼȫʪˣոһ˲䣬Ҷ˵ҪնɱĻʱĿҰͰԵǱѩһϢȫ޷赲ġ
һ˵ƣȫͱ仯ʱŮӾȻҶѹûзֱ֮˺þãŮӲŻعǿЦ㲻ɱҵġɱңʹӳ¥Ҳݳǡ
ҶɫȻԶʵȴǿиɣ΢΢һЦŶ㵹ŵĺܡҪʧˡ뿪˭Ҳסҵǵ͹Ƕݵƾǵʹ˷ĴţҲǣȴȻסҡ
ҶƺŹ˰ɣŮƤһȻЩҶĻȷŴ
ҶҲ⣬΢΢һҡ
ҹУᡱһޱȡ֮һХںҹȻص
Хڤ찿衣
Ů̧ͷȥֻһֻĵ쳣㻮ʣƬ̾ͷɵҶͷ
ҶһҡǴʱһ³򡣶ʱŮӱ㿴һޱȵؽյ䡣
⽣ޱȣɫڣ˸ŵϵ硣ںҹУһǵĸо
ˡ
Ҷ֣Ѹײڶ֮ƣһѽؽץסؽ֣ҶϵȻ֮ǰǰÿҰڣŭһ
Ůӿʱɫһ䣬оȣܹ֮ңǡⷨط¼һң޷ֵꡣףΪͨ龳磬ҲҶ汳ڣµһȵšֲø׳˵СӢۣ
Ůüͷоޱȡ
ֻǣͶȴѾر׸ҡر콵׭ּ¼Ǿܡر׭ģȴͼ¼һŵͼֺһŷӡġصܣԲ򵥣Ҷ麣ƫһ磬Ϧѱܲ͸ţʸ񲻾κҾ׽ˣ
ǣҶڣôգȻһ˿ҲΪѲ
˶ţ˭׳֡ʱһ󼱴ٵĽŲ洫һۡۼŮӣʱͬһ㣬С㣬ˣˡϣ״˺԰ˣΪƮƮˡ
ϣ׵ʵҶ֪˵ɨϣҲе֣ȻԴ״ˣ£˵ȥʦˣҶǲ֪ҲͰˣȻ֪ˣȻҪȥ
ƵƵҶȻǰԺȥ
ӣУѣһ򣬾ҪӮ
Ҷжʱðޱȣ֪䣬ȻܵӰ졣ֻǣԼȴδ


  095  ֮ս
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Ȼ֮أҲǷǸƮƮȻ˫ƽڶٹ˵ҲΪôһŮԴסǴҲЩɵŮӵı
ɣҲʲô˶ǵõġ
ڣ󽫾¸һڣһྩ⡣Ǵඨµ̡ǿơһϣܺɨ£ڽһǧ
ȴ֮⣬ʳҲ಻СţЩһǹ鸽͢ġ
ֻǣȴЩ鸽͢ڴ֮ڵ⣬ȴмǸ⡣ɣеٮٮߡ
飬˼壬ָⶫȺǴԴ֮Ծӣ˻֪泩׼ڽɻ֮أó׷Ⱥչʮ꣬һһȴھϡ
Ȼ֮أķ쳣ȻȲ϶ɣϣ֮ȴǴ˲֪ٱˣЩҴŷڶɵҲ¡
ң¥ߣúãƷλָߣڶŷӵ⣬ȱȻϲۻȾƣ˭ĵ޹ء
ֻǽգҲ֪˭ͷ˵˵ȥȻ˵¥һƮƮϡһȺˣ˵һ¥ŮӣȻȻľĵĳЩܵĻ⡣磬ƮƮڽϣǳҹʷѣҪǮ˰ɣ
ƮƮݺҶ֪ģҸ޼ɵЦɵˣݳȻ࣬ȴôġϣ׾һ
ϣ˵ӣپӽϵоͳ˵ϵļʮȻ޷ȫȴҲм˵ֱϽȨƣʡҲûж˱ǿˡǼλǿУĶͷ˾ϵоͳӵĽֵܡȨƵ򶫴󽫾⽫Ů
˵ϣ׳죬ҲƽġֻҪһ£Ǿ췴е⣬˵Ͳ⡣˶֪ϣ׳һ鹫⣬ȴһ竡˳úܿ书ҲãΪ˻ѽ¾ʿҲ
˵Ů֮⣬һˡ
ֻǣˣҲ˳۵ˡǡɣϺϣ񣬽վ¥ңǣΪҲҲǸвˣոǸմྩõ˻׿ڼνǽһڡʱ˶ϲƺĳĳ˫ڣȻ˻ʳΪһڣһڣ齭ϣҲֻкϣ֮ܵˡ
ޣмֲѧȴϲŪװ˹ġϧ㱾Ǹ˹İࡣҺϣٴǿŮ¡־԰޹ŮӣһֻҲˣңŲţҵ͸ɱ㣡ϣ׶ΪһȻҲ˻ʳΪʲôһڣҲǿķϡ
೯ߴ壬Ҿǽϵһ
ˣƷȻô˵£ȴֻͨһִǶĿڵġƽʱɫһСﲻá
ͣ񱻺ϣɫ࣬Ȼһʡʱ䣬ϣױסͣ񣬲֮ԻһʳֵͬʱһѹڳˣֻûǶҪѡ
һ˲䣬·ʱ䶼ͣסˡΪģֱӾ˹ȥ
ϣΪ֮ǿ˵ݳе֣ɱôһȣǵ޷кƱһεִ˩סˣ޷ںϡơ϶ʵһֻܷӳʵ
Сˣ㻹ҸҶ֣ϣ̽ƣҪȥ졣ʱֵֵȴϣסһץһ˦˾Ҫɳ¥
Ҳҳֱץ޷˦ѣֳҲץϣ׵Ȼһͬɳ¥ǰĽֵ֮ϡ
ʱֵбȻ˷˳ϣ˾㶼ˣݳǿν˲֪˲һϳ˵ݣ£ֵϵ˶ʱΪ֮һա
˽ûбȭ֮䣬ٶȼ죬죬ȻಫһŲҲˡ˶ԹǶֻҪһ¶зִ磬˶ԷȴǼΪҡڵ˭ãͶ䡣ػشļΪ֡
һ£¥ϵĺ̽Դ¥Ҳˣкڶ
ҶʱޱȣȭཻȻٶȿޱȣȴѾʼû·ϸ֮£ҶȴǷԼʦȻûгȫֻǸ档
ʦֵĶԪϸ΢ʦԪȣө֮ǰһ㣬ԺԲơֻǣ˵ΪԲߣôʦȻռţҪӮƺѣ
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ˮԪ֮ƷԪ֮ɽһ׺ʯͬжһ顣죬ҶֻеǻԼǸλãֻԼ˶һƸѹסˡ
ʦֵΪȻǿʦ˵ʦǼλʦ츳ǿˡ񲻵ʮֻһܳΪʦĸ֡һ֮£ܿռ伸ȫԨصǸâɽ֣Ҫ࣡ʦҪӮˡ
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ǣҶԤϡʱϣ׶ȻһХʱбһɫԪ
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أ
˲䣬ײֻоؿͻȻһ£漴ʧΡҶۼ⣬ײʱ򣬾ռ䶼һ˿ССѷ졣
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Ҷ֪Լʦֵʵû뵽ǸʵȻҲôǿңǸʹõģȻԪƺһһȫµҶ֮ǰûнӴ
ôԴ³޵ͨЩƣҶĸоȫͬ
ޱȣϵ֮ȻЩơƺǽ֮ڣսʱߣսʱãҶޱȡ
ʱ˶ײһ£㶼δһ¡УӰʱ·һתжȥϣƷͬʱֵ˳ȥϣǿȴûʲô£ֻǽºȻһ̤еж˵µʯϡ
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˻¥ۣɫȻ糣˫ȴǲصУñ˷֡ոǶײһ£Ѿʹȫʵȴֻúϣ˺һ
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ϣ֣⣬ǣЦһ¥ϵЦڵĻԪȻܹҺϣ׺һҺһȴסҵıơҵںأƲأԣȻӮˡ
Ҷϣ׵Ļȴһ漴ԺСڣʲôڣںأϵľ硣ܹ⡣ǣƿأʲôѵһֽȻͬ·
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¥ϣźϣףޱȣ䲻ˣһ˦ۣһӮˣΣ¥УӮˣΣྩȣ˻֮ǰ֮սҪб£ӮһΣ
˵꣬һۺϣף˦һۣɴޱȵ뿪ˡ
뿪ϣֻǵһЦżһ㣬ȴ¥һȥʱòŮӿ˹
ϣк˴䣬ޱȡıӰֿŮӣֻӮʵڸˣֿŮ΢¶һţϣξߢ§סһòŮӣݺץһһƬ壬ҲǵŮһЦ
䣬ӮӮ٣ڣҲ¥ƾҽո˵ĺܣ
ϣ׵ɫ磬ȴ֪ϣױԼ˵ʹϣ׵ʵȻǿѾƿü궼ûнˡ֪ϣںľ¡ϣ׼ûнÿ궼нģǳҪĶ֮սʤͺˡ
Ȼսܣ·ϣż⣬һ˿ûǷϣзĶ֮սܹʤұܻͨƣʱǰܾͨޡֻҪܾܽͨʮڣҾлͨľ磡ʱңշкѣ
ˣʵҶҲˣȷʵǿңϻһ˵
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Ҷ˼⣬˼£̧ͷһۺϣ׾ҪȥҪȷһǲǶɶֵġѾȷϢͼ򵥵ĶˡֻҪ˶ŶɣͲʲô֣µһȵ˵ȱġ
ϣ¥к˴䣬ȴͻȻоΧϢЩԣƺһİ˵ϢϢȻĺܺã޵ˮԪ⾳ȴúϣ׸оΪϤ
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ϣͣԼĶٵΧɨӡ
ȻԶһؽɡۣͷڣòӢͦȺ׿ȺȻҪںϽյУȴ˵Ĺ°о
Ľ
ϣ׵ӹҶ棬Ҷ汳ϵؽʱʱ۾һ
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ȷؽ֮󣬺ϣһ㶣ȻЦͻȻվ죬ùõľƣӡ
ˣôˣ˷׷ײ⣬˼ϣ˼
ϣײˣȴǶҶȻһЦֵСʦܣμ棬ʦˡ
ˣȥƮƮҽгҪΪʦܽӷϴ


  096 鹫 
ϣ׵Եòһʱ˶Ŀ
¥˶֪ƮƮıݣҲΪǸͨĸˡϣ׸ոӮʱҶ緢ƺԶǸӰΪʦܣȻҪԼʦǰˣһ磬֤Լڽϻĺܺá
ֻǣת־úϣײôǳˡϣ׿ȻƣΪȴеľ
Ȼϣϲ¥ȻƣǴԵ޹ʵĸִոһսȻϿΪԴ档֪˶ףǲһڡ
ÿ궼ҸҪϣ״һܣӡ֤Լʵ˶١ڽϣһܡ⣬ˡȥ˵ʵȴӽӽϣˡһˣȻˣԼԣȴˡ
뿪ʱ˵Ǿ仰Ҳ˼ྩ⣬֮ս֪ν֮սˣҲһսζʲôǲע˽˵һս
ƽʱʹϣӮʮΣҲûκ塣ǲǹؼʱֻҪӮһξ͹ˡ
ȻϣײӵܣȻ׶ɵıʵȻԵ޹ʵƶɡ
ʱǿźϣ竵ĲһģЩףѵϣ׽ĺˣ
ڳ˶˵϶ûЦݣе˶ھݵ֮ǸӰ
ոպϣʱѾȥ֪ͨ¥ˡڣǸ˾ᣵĺ档Ǹ˽¥ࡣݳһŮˡû֮һˡ
Ϊݣ⣬κһŮˣܹ׾ٵϾǿ߸Լˡ
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ȥʲôˣ֪ϢͨˣȴѲ²⣬Ǽ£Ӧйء
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»޹׸˻ʱµرܴϻܻʵһˡȻܶ˶ܻܻıºáǣ󽫾뿴󵽵˭ָʹ¡
ĸ档ôȻ󽫾Զϣ޷ΪѶɣȴǼסˡԺ·ҪСˡ
֪ʱЦҺ󽫾ǻ忤˴֮䶼Щ϶ǲȻҪ˵ʲô棬ɣʱҲҪҷˡ
ΪоˣȴסУֻһССӡΪģ򶫴󽫾󽫾֮ĶԿ󣬻˵Ӱӡ
磬Զྩ
һУǲ֮ǰྩǶʹǸ޷֤Ϣ
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µıӰӵĻҶȷʵûаܹϵĶûǸĶΪּı䣬Ļ߸
ʱҶԼʦҪƮƮ㣬ֱǵĴɵԼʦȻΪ˵ȴΪ򶫴󽫾ϵܺã򶫴󽫾Ҳйϵôǲô׾ͱ̬
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Ҷ治ɫϣϳԼ㳯źϣ׹ֵҶʦ֡
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˻֣Զһ㣬ϣ׶Ҷգգ۾СôǲǸոȥ¥ԺǸ¥ࣿǸŮΪʵǸ㲻
ǸŮ˳õǺƯ̫Ϊǡأ˵㿪ʲô㣬ֻϣ㲻Ҫپȥˣ԰ɣ
ҶͷϣٶȵġһγŰȻʦֵĵͷϣͰ漸졣֮Ҫˣж϶ǰһСѡʲô棬һ仰ɹ꣡
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Ҷޱȣ֪ϣΪʲôЦŮǲмϣ׵İæ
ϣȴǵޱȣҶСʦܣո˵ʲôˣ
Ҷ治֪ô˵룬ֱӻش˵ޡǲҪʦֵİæҶʦΪӦǺܱĵġ
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ҶʱĿɿڴȻֱͣǿʶûм޳ܵˡ
ϣ׿ҶһĿɿڴӣȴǰο㲻õģҲΪŮ˾Ͱֵһߵˡ
Ҷҡҡͷȴʦֱ֣ڲףΪʲô˳ƺǶ鹫ˡ
ŶΪʲôϣ׵Щ档
ҶһŹ֣ʵǲǾ飿
飿鹫ӣϣ⻰Ҳ̲סЦЦ֮󣬲ҶֵСʦܣȤԭΪҸûʲô˵ġʦﶼ˵ˣ˵ȫͬˡ˵ԸǳȤڿ㻹ǺȤġ룬㻹ҿЦ
Ҷ滹ǲ˵ϣһ£ЦҸղǶġû뵽㻹ˣȤȤΪһ飬ʦֽոһġ
˵ţϣ׺ȻҶСʦܣˣ
Ҷ汻һʣԺкȻӰΪԼһ뵽ӦǸոռСࡣΪǰͼǵõŮԼϣ뵽ĵһŮӣȻϧ
뵽ϧ֮ȴ֪ΪΣҲ뵽˾
뵽ϧҶԽͣϾڵصԨͬԼ֪Ϊͬ顣ΪϧŮӲ飬޿ɺǡǣԼΪλ뵽
Լھĸ飬Ӧǵĸм
˸м֮⣬һ˿ΰɡϾԼ뵽ԼΪ˽ڣùںɼԭҲֻΪ˵õʶͼıĻر
ǣһ̣ԼΪʲô뵽أ
߹ޱȣĵʥܵһ㣬ϴŷӵеŮӡԼ˿ʸġ
ƺȴֶԼжӣ
һ뵽ЩҶ;飬ѹָоΪ֪ڣЩʱ
һԵĺϣûע⵽Ҷ仯˵Щʱ۾һֱһߵ¥ࡣ
Ȼ¶һ˿â漴ƮƮŮˣúƯƯУҲֻһŮˡҲǼ۸һˡҪ֪еĶԼļ۸ֻЩ۸һˡ
仰¥Ҷ˵ĻΪƣ仰ҲĹݡ¥ͷȻɫˣֻǱߵϹӴסˡ
ϣ׶֮ڣȻ֪¥ʱˣ¥¥˵˵ĶʵƮƮŮȻ۸ܸߣǣҺϣΪġ
ϣһֻžƱȻЦһɿˡ
һ£ƱڵϣȻˡ
ת˲ϣȴȻӻͳһöƣءһϡ
Ҷϵ֣ȻдšϹ·ǼŹַģƺһĻ£ݡ
Ϲǻϣϵģֻһ֣ǾǴ󽫾ƣ¼ֻĸСƣڴ۹֮ں޼ɡȴ˻ʥּ֮⣬һκιʿգҪȻΥͬ췴Ըɱۡ
Ҷû뵽ϣϾȻƣȻƳֻΪһ¥˳ӿ͡
֮ڣ¥ģЩ̾Ϣ£ֻϣ׻ֻˡҲգǵﲻϣףֻˡ
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ϣ˻Цޱȣһʱɷ
ôСʦܣʦΣһĶɣòʦӡ
ϣȻϸޱȣҶ浹ûпκεĵ⣬Ҷ׺ϣһٶ⡣ǽ˸߶ɣǵһжڱ˵ƿ֮С˵Щʹϣף붯ɣҲһ仰¡
ҶĬûлشϣ׵Ļʱ֪ΪΣоȻЩ档֪ǸƮƮʲôˣõεϾһŮ˵ĸ֮УΪһ㣬νһ
Ҷ˼ʱȻϣ׵۾һ£ƱҲסˡ
ҶĿȥֻһŮվ¥ݿڣ°ѩãʱҹĻһ㡣ĻŮһһ㡣ңǷлһɺ˵ζ
ǿƵϲŮˣΪϧƮƮһͻҶָоҶҲò˵һ䣬ŮˣȷʵƯ
ŮѩѣһȾ׹һƬƵ񣬷ɣһöбϣ߹üĿ续ҲͰˣһϵ˳òҲݳǶտ񡣡ȴǲӯ˵̬С
ƮƮһһǽɢȴˡͷɳƳɣԼ¶Բ˫磬͸죬ļֱĶǡ鲽˫֮УƮݶԡᲽƣһһãҶᶨʱ˲ҲǴʱֻһͷƮƮȻ鴫
ƮƮ֮¥֮һֱҶ棬ҶΪƮƮò𾪣ɵЦһˣһ·ɫҶ棬ұΪǸڿͺϣ׵ûʲô𣬹ֲʦֵܡ
һ¥ȴǸı뷨ʱҶȥʱҶ澹ȻںȾƣһ㶼ûбƮƮòԻ޷԰Ρ
ȻСӾȻΪŮɫͽЩʿӵȴЩͬҶĿЩı䡣
ϣױΪԼСʦѪʱŮɫջͣҶŮΣתͷҶȻһ˿͵˼ϸȴǲں̬
ϣ׿ĿⲻЩ죬ȴǵͷʦ˹Ȼ׼ͣȻΪŮ£ȴһŹȽӴɫŮӵĻᡣ
ϣ׵ȻЦĵСʦܣŮΣƯ
Ҷûκβ˵仰ŮƯԣҲû塣ʱѾע⵽ǱעԼ¥֮⣬Ǹ۾ϹϺڡ
ɣǸϹһ֡
ǸϺΪ¥֪ʲôֶΣҶؽͺԼϥϡؽ󣬼أҲϥϼΪֻ֣ʱûˣϣ׵ȻΪ˵
ӣҶӣƮƮˡƮƮǰݺУӶ굽Уһ
ϣ׼ƮƮʱϱ㲻¶ɫԵı飬ЦƮƮＸղԽˡʦ϶˵ǾƮƮ˫֪죬ܷһ÷أ
Ҷ޶ԡ
֪ϣϷֻ֪ϣôϷʲô
ƮƮϣ׵ĻװܳĿҶһۣҶòʣװϲǺЦޱȵƳһҶ棬ЦȻԡҶǹͣƮƮȻ߾ȫ
űϣϵһڣѾȥֻʩ֮ʣΣҶһۡ
ҶȻһŷһ˫Ӻڰ׷ǧɸпŮӣ˫˵ǣһ˿ҲΪ

ͷȻ飬Ū
ƮƮһ趯һ㡣ȱͼʱ赸֮Уǽ˼֡
СʦиˡƮ裬˿ġϣһȲʣ۾ȴǲƮƮ֡
УƮƮ裬ӯ޹ǣٿȻˣֻٻӰƮ
ҶҲɵó赸֮Уо赸Ǳô򵥡
ƮƮǶ¥ĵӣҲǸ֡赸оȻҲ磬档Ʈ裬Ǳֻһ赸ǲǰ׳ա
Ҷ濴ϸо赸֮£һּΪĲⲽ̺Ź֮⡣
ҶŹûʲôоʱΪ֮ߣҲܿ赸档£ҶֻЩ
ĽΪΪǿȴһ㡣⵹ΪԲΪΪص㡣һʮݣǿ۲ǿƴʱҪ࿸Ϊͬˣܹò㵽һ˵ıȥ͵Ϯ
Ǿܵ¡
Ҷת뵽ġǲУ̺ĲͨĶ̺֮һ컯ơһʹ׹ر仯ǾΪԲֻܿһƬãã޷ʶ
⡶Ѿõ˼¡Ҷ˵ֻΪϵ۷ϰȻĻǵ޷ػûԼ޷ء
ԣҶʱϵľѧ֪ʱƮһ֪ⲽҲ򵥡
ƮȻȴҲһ˿Ʈ˼Ǹ¥ﻹǲ򵥣
ƮƮ겻Ϊȴ¥ˡЩ˵ӣʲô
Ҷ濴üͷ壬һԵĺϣȴͷȻƮƮ赸
һᣬϣִ̾ͷҶЦʵСʦܣΣ
ҶЦƮϧλƮƮΪôܷӵ¡Ҫʮ꣬ܵô˾衣ֻʮơ
ƣϣ׶ʱƴЦСʦȤ˵ĶԣŮʱĵˡ˵ţϣ׻ָĿһ֮
¥ʱĲУҧֻס
ƮƮȴǲɫԾһģҶͺϣӯӯһݣƮ裬ƮƮѾ׳ˣӿԸƮƮһ
Ŀת̲סҪϧ
ǡʲô˼
ϣױЦеĿɺȻ䣬ʱȴȻվһӣ¥ˣҪġ˵ʲôղϣֻм۸ʲʣûʲôľԣ
ʦòʣ˽ýΪǿʦأ󽫾Ҳ޲ڡ࣬ʦȴҫһ顣ƮƮǸˣʦܿ㣬ķ㲻òһʣѵҪƣ
ϣ˵ͷЦ¥࣬㿪۰ɣ
⻰Ҷʱһ֪ϣΪʲô˵ЩƮƮҲһ䣬ѵϣҪǿԼ
֮¥Ѿɫ䣬Ҳ̲ȥԱϹ۴ŭһϺڣɱվͷԻһ˿ѣ֪ϣ׾ɱҲһֱвȥ
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䣡
ǴȻǸϹӣϾǿߣʶںأû۾ȴϢӦܣ۾֪ǰ˵Ĳ򵥡ǣûκԥ
¥ˣˣκΥ
¥ķԸԺûκγɣһ֮ڳ˳ȥһڱȻ
ɭ䣡
һ
׺֮£ǧˮǶ㶫ϵľѧڤն
ðԵĵ⣡
Ҷһȴûκκ¡⵶ͣҶʮ㣬Ȼ塣תͷһۺϣס
ϣֻеغӻƣĿŲԶƮƮƮƮҧɫЩǡ
ǵת˲͵ϣ˿壬֣һһ˲䣬ƮƮ͵ǰ͵ǵǰ
Ǵ󺺼ˣʽȻգɲ˵ƮƮ
һ˲ޱȣĿȴǼһԵҶû˻֣˲˾ʽնȴҶȥ
滢Ҷ治СؽһģȻӭϣ
ɫĵ⣬˸ϵ֮ؽȻײһ𡣵⽣âһɲǱŷѤõĹâ
أ
ҶؽǴеıײǿײһȻ䣬¥ڣΪģʱƵһҵĲ𵴣ƣ¥Ҫˡ
ֻһ˲䣬⽣Ӱ֮ӡ
󣬡䡱һ
Ҷµĵ棬Ҷ뿪˲䣬Ȼѿ
⵶಻ˮԪ֮⵶ȴдصĺأƺǺԪ֣֮Ҷ΢΢һȣϸŶ󺺡
󺺿쳣ϣᣬȻ۾ǸϹӡ¶ϣȴޱȣ绤ավͬһһȣΡȻ
Ҷеؽ¶֮ɫ
󺺾һСȻȻ¶ȺصʣͬһȵϣҶѾжϳĲˮ֮һ֣ƺǷֱ֮ˮ֮֮֡
ϵƲӣûں
֮֮󺺵һԪ޷£ͿʼԪĳɾ;Բ̫ߣĵȻȻң磬ܳ־ã
ΪǿԪûҵľԴͻϾһ£ʱӡ֤ûᣡ
Ҷ涢ǰ󺺣֪ΪΣпʼ˷
žડһ˸һ˽µľṹذ˿μƶԿѾ¥ʼҡҪ
ô¥࣬㷢˲ɣϹӳֲ֪أҪǲѣǿɲ𡣡
ϣ񵭵ҶʵжҶ漫ΪƳ磬Ȼ۹⡣һԸˣҶôܵĳޣ
ֻǺϣܹ˳ȣ¥ȴǲܡ¥ľӪĵطΪһ򶷶Լ˲ˣǿǿ޶ûеطȥˡ
Ϻڣעִ硣
ϹӴȻͷʾԼס΢е㳣ʶ˶֪һһ֣˵Ϊھ޴ĺ蹵ҪսʤѣҪ֤Χʧǳ˵ΡңϹӴ󺺱ûбʤҶİա
ʱ¥Ļȴп˵
ת˲⣬Ҷ¥֮ڣ޷ʵҪʿҲҸҵһս
Ǵ˵꣬Ȼǰ̤һֻһҶоһɱ˵ɷԼҶҲʾӭǴ󺺵ƣҲһ̤
ãҪս㣡
Ҷ˵ţƳ֮ڣʱ¥Ѿӿ˺ü֡Ǽ˺೤޵ԪȻΪ죬Ȼʵ֮ǰ󺺲˲٣Ҳѵһĸ֡
ҶԾԾԣЦһ˿²ŶǶ֮һɣԶ٣һɣһڣҶҲں
ϹӴ󺺵Ͽ飬Ҳǹž޲ȻҶǲǶһɣ˵˶㣬˵Ҳ㣬ֻ˻ʱ˵˲㡣û˵仰ǲϵġԶ٣Ҷɵ磬´Էġ
˵仰ϹӴȴǱһ˦໬һָϣףǣҶҲǺǵġӼʹٴΪٸߣбˣҲбΪߵˡΪһӣһŮˣƽҶĵˣ򶫴󽫾ǺϴˣҲͬġ
ϣϵľƱ˶٣ȴƲ죬νҪô룬Ҳ㡣ƮƮҼȻѾ˵ڣһҪСʦܡҲǻˡ
ǷģСʦܾʼˡƮƮݵ΢ʹӣһС檵ͷҵǿʦܴӦ
ʦϿ壬ǽͣʦֵģѽõĶϣǹֵ壿Ҫ˭Һϣʧ壬ҹǶɻɵģ
ѵҺϣ׻㣿
ϣЦһֱЦ
¥ŭɶһƿᣣ˳Ϻ˪ȻϣףҸһᡣ㲻˵СʦϿ壬ΪǿֻҪӮϺڣҾƮƮ͸Σ
ƮƮɫȻҳ⸱òʾˣûʲô֣ʱ¥ΪһԼҪԼˣȻ֪¥аϹӱʤǣȴҲȻɫ䣬ǳǿࡣ
ƮƮ̬ϣ׸ǵ⣬Ц¥࣬Һϣ״Ů˴ģΪŮ˴Զš죬һΣ͸ˣƮƮݣʦΪūΪ澣ã
ϣ׻䡪
𣡡
ϹӴпŭһеһȫԪȻŷͬ汼ڣ
Ȼ嵽˽ֶĴ֮ϡ
Ҷһؽʱȫϵ裬ת˲͵Ǵǰ
ֻ˵ƣ˿ν൱
ߵĶʹʱ˷ɳʱֵߵȫע⵽
ҪʲôһԽʮף¥ɳΪݳһǿߡ
˵Ǻϣ׽ҹ¥Ǻϣ𣿡
ǣϣϲ·ȻŻ󣬵ȴϽɫۡϣϲȣ㿴ˣȴؽ˵òʣǷᣬƺڡϣȻҲʣпʮˡ
ǣҪǺϣף˭
֪Ǹ֪¥ǸϹӸ֡żǰ¥տŵʱ£ЩµΪһ֣޿֡Ǹ֣ǴһҲŲ
Ⱥʱޱȣôһ󺺲ϵĴˣ
Ǵ󺺶Ҷ棬ɵ˵ҸϹӶԿ꣬Ҳһϵǿߣ⡭δ̫˰ɣ
Ҳ֪˭ҵĹӣ˾žޣ
˻ȣ̾һ㣬Σһ̣֮ϼʮ¥ǧٺ͹ˣһסĿ⡣
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ҹ£¹ȴĺܣ¥ҹƲߡ
ʱ֮ϣŨһ˱񳤵һؽ㶼һһıСҶϣʶ˼٣ҶǸϹӴݳ֮أƾ˿Ҳ֪һ
ոȻֻһΣɶоԷԼС
˶ãʱҶȻһݣǴеıȻ˸һ¡
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⺮֮һ֮£Χܻ¥Ͽֵˣֻ۾һ㱣̫Ŀ
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Ǵһ绢Х
Ǵ󺺽Ȼһ̤Ȼը죡
Ҷֻö죬Ǵ󺺸ո¥ʱΪʱȻͬǳͻһƲɵ
Ǵ󺺵Ľÿǰһһըװеı񵶣âҲԽԽ˵ҲʼߵҶ׾봦ʱ˫̤ĵ棬ѾһݳۣҲѿ˾޴Ѻۣʯݺύһ
ɵǴ󺺻Ҫǰ̤һʱȴȻܵǿ赲
䣡
ֻҶȻؽԭɫĽϣʱȻתѸ͡
ؽԿϵĶϴڲϵںϣڣѾָΪԴ״̬Ϊ½ɽֽ֮ϵϵԪ֪ɱ¾˶پǿߡ˽գؽһӳȻǵĽ⽣У̺׷塣
׵ɷΪͣǷ˿ɵ
ɱ
ҶҲűǿս⡣սؽ߶֮£ȻֱѹϹӴ󺺵ĵâ
ĵâΪһ˲䣬ǺˮһʹƬ㳡϶εĲơǴʱҶһ֮£ؽȴǿֱƿ񵶵ĵĻ
ֱӣϣ
һİԵ
ף֮
ˮ֮ᵽ˼£ȴγְԵ֮
Ǵ󺺵ĵȻؽһϹӴ󺺵Ҳɵһͣ
̫ˣǸ˵˭ؽȻй֮ͨ⣬ʵ̫˼ˣɱǿԪ˾Ȼܹͨף⡭̫ˣ
ԶʱȻֻսȴǸоԼ侳һСľͻУʱһжȻδʤ˶оԭһҶ棬ʱȻϣӵǿƣԵ
ԣǿ쿴ǸϹƺûлкУ˺Ȼ˲Ծ˶ʱ˵۹ٶע⵽Ǵ
֮ǿңǿЩԭ¥Ժ֣ԭЩӵܣΪȻǿɵǷоǿսʱȴѾȴߵݺ裬˫ͨ죬ٵĿ˾սŮˣʱУĦǿսȴѵá
֮ϣϹӴȫµԪӿתʹͬŭ˰ХѹͬɽŰǴ󺺵ʽڣʮԶĻ¥˶оˣɵɫ䣬ҶУƾ룬ȴ˿
˶ԣ֪ҶΪһϹӵĵ֮бɵˣǲ֣ǸոҶܹϹӶԿǵֲסϹӵĵƣԷֵ
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һڵʱǴһ¶ץסһٶʤ
ֻǣʲô
ϹԪŨܿŬХݳǶ궼ûгĸˡһսҶ궼ûпˣأʱһԹۿĴսôܲһΣ
ҶϹӮһǧ
ʱͨͭǮ۸񼫹һͨ˼ңʮӱɹꡣǧʹݳǷ֮أҲ򼸽һլӡ
˭Ҷģ
˵꣬۾ƳȥȴǷЩ˸ոջе׺ݣʱԼһȴûӦ
ЦЦӹһŮ͵ߵľˮȥȻԵáᣬòҲǿʣǽӵܣǽΪ߹ĴڣҲ˻ġԸȥ¥ȴϲӢ¥ΪڼӢۡ
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޷ˣֻðĿջάһֻһг֮䣬ȴһ˵ӺȻ׳һ塣
塰ˢĴȺз˳ޱȵǹǰϡһ֬䣬ͨѩףԿŷףȻɡһǼֵǣǧ֮ϡĵı߽ϣһСС䵶
Ҹģһ
䣬һ˵ӴȺ˳˵һһӵܣƵأ˫§ʱЦǣһ߳˵϶һЩȻ
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ǴĵĹҲϳˣЩŹ֣漴Ц֣ô㲻ǻǰ󲻹£ȻֻݳˣϲҽϷ羰סˣ𣿹
⻰ҡҡͷ۾ȴԶҶϹӶսΪ˵ţֿһۣ漴ЦȻҲΪݰ
ֲݰôܿҶ˵ϹӮ飡ұԸ㣬˵⹷ƨȴҪ㼸䡣˵ʵ˷ҵʱ䡣
˵䣬ûע⵽ǰѾŭ۾ȴǿ¥ϡ
ʱϣƮƮ㶼̧ۿҶǱߡȻûע⵽
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Цһ㣬ն׺һɲǾ͵¥ϡ
ϣ׼̤նЩ棬֪˭֪ԿһۣǺ֣±ʱȻɫʶֵġ
ϣָһԵλãԺֵҪʲôԼáʱ۹ȫۼҶϣҪúÿһʦΪѵһʮΪɫĵӣʲôģ
ﵱȻΪ˺ȾƣֻǲԸȺӹ֮䡣ʱ۹˳źϣףٶҶϡ׷Ϊ˿Ҷһ
Ӯģֻǣ֪ӵصԨΪ˶ٽ
ʱУҶŭеһҶۣƺʱḲ𣬵ǣʵϣȴޱȣԲӦ䡣ϹӴ󺺵ȻңȴҶһ˿˽ʮغϣҶ¾Ȼ˿
䣡
ʱԪٶײһȻ䱬һ졣ţ֮䱬Ԫ˲γһҵ籩ɲǼ䣬ͱεըһ޴ĵӣµʯѳɷ۳
¹أɳ裬Ȼֻˣɲ֪ΪΣ˿һսȴִ֮е׳ҡ
Ȼ䣬ʱϣվ
˫۱һҶ档ԭϾĺеӻƣʱȴΪĳޱȣһûпס˾Ʊ
ҵȵһˡϣ
¶̾һҲ֪ܷ񵲵ס
ɱ
УŬХĵɿӿȻ䣬ԭʯҶȴɱ֣һӱ߶
Ľֻ̤һ
һ˲һȴ羪һ㣬Ȼ죡
ֻںڰ˸һ£漴һ룬ȴǴ󺺵ǰ
Ҷϵؽϱɫ׹˸һ̣Щ׹Ȼһ㣬Ȼûһ˿֮⣡
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ƮƮ̧סҶֱۣɡ


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ϣҶǲ֪ġʱϥݳׯ԰֮С
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֪ΪΣԴڽһ;ν֮ʡ벻׵ġΪǰҲǲûĸоʱһ𽣣ͬĸо
ܶʱʱƺ˿ĸоȻ˽ԼǽʹĽĪĸоġ
Ҷ浱Ȼ֪ԵĿɹҲΪܹôϾԭֻǰû츳
Ҷ治뵽츳ƽ׳֣ѵΪǰһĽ⣿
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˵ؽеľӵһǣô⣬ˣҪһܵġҶǰӲ߿Իءһȴ޷͡

ʱɫ΢Ҷһϣˬƿţߵ
סĵطµĵǵȻ⣬ׯ԰ССغɽӦоУҶ治֪ߵ˳ϡ
峿Ŀ¶ȲߣԺУûɢȥЩƮζ
Ҷվڳϣ˼Ʈɡ
ץ档ԭҶΪһѵΪǿȺ֮Уѷֻ֣Ҫ书ȫװһͨϷޱȣȺ֮ˣһİҶҲҲ
Ҷû뵽Ȼô˳һϣ׼еĹܼᵽƮƮͶɡҶȻɣȴûȫȷıǶɣֱߵϢҲȻжɵӰӡ
߽ϣҶȻеˣǼʹˣҲоѶȺܴ
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ֻǣ֪ǼرʲôǼ»޹õȴ˵رĶҶҲǺޱȡ
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һը죬ȴǾ춯أ·ҪҶĽƿһ㡣أҲһը֮ͻȻһ㣡
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һ˲Ѿо֮ܵ·ͻȻ˿ƣ˺֮УǰһƬ磬·ǻһƬûʱ䣬ûпռ䣬Ҳûκ־Ĵڣ
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˵ǽԼԪأ֮ô磬֮УΪԪһԼС硣
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ʱ֪ΪΣȻ뵽պϣᵽĶ֮սԭ֮ս˽⣬ʱȴɵóһŵ뷨֮ս֮սѵǶС粻ɣ


߾ ֮ŭ 103 ȥ
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ҶԽԽá׾̤⹦ʵǾޱȡ⹦ȻԽһڹķؼҶ濴һƬءңϰ֮ҶоԼڹҲڲϵĽ弡ҲԽӵܼ
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ҶڶԼʵЩ׼ˣΪʵ̫ˡԭЩţͱԶԶ󡣶ȽϺϣѾõǿߣҲ֪ʱǶ֡
ҶΪԼţɴʳƼȱľš˵ˣ游ʮϣΪͨ󽫾Ҫ֪󽫾󽫾Ϲ̫һʵڵһġ
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Ҷ滹ʲôϣȴһ֣Ҷ棬Ҳˡ֪ҪʲôֻǣҲ֪ǸӻʲôҪ󡣻УôؽˣʦֵܾʹһؽϴӪ
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Ҷ浹ǲºϣװԼˣֻҪһҡе壬ںδٶȣƬ̾ҵԣҶҲѧϣ׵ģڴϢҺ֮ϣˮԪ֮֮½֪ḻٱңеˮԪ֮ΪҶоǱˮĻ֮һ㣬Ϊ̹
һ˯һʱܿ͹ȥˡֱڵʱ򣬴ٶ
Ҷͺϣ׸о仯֪ĿĵصˣԼͬ۾
ʱҶ濴ǰһ޴ĵ죬֪ϴӪˮפݳĴϣֵϣϸǿ϶ģԲǰһʲôûУԭʼɭ֣ѲߵʿҲûС
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⻰췢Ҳ⣬ЦһҲûʲô˵¡м£һˣҪҼ֡ȥΪϵϣʵõѡ
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Ҫǣȥ

ϣ׺Ҷ⻰еͫ׶ȻһҲһģ


߾ ֮ŭ 104 ʾ׵磡
Ҷͺϣ׶˶ǰ췢Ŀ𾪡ֻǣ»رǺ췢ϣҶһҪõѡ
֮ףԵ׺ݣʵǿʹһȥҲǼޱȣҶ治ԸϣΪԼվȰʦ֣лҶֻ£ʵ֣ҶɲʦΪҶյءʦĺ⣬ҶˡǣҶ滹ϣʦƽµĻȥ
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˵ϣһ䣬˷ңǿҺϣһֻ˴ţǴûм죬ҿҪ۽ġߣˣֺ£˭˭Ǳ
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ʦ֪ˮԪ֮ʱ䲻ԪȻȴˮ֮еǿޣȻݲãΪȴǴкôɱ͹ˡֻҪʱֵ㻨ʮޣңһ㸱öûУ
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Ҷͺϣ󣬶һۣͷʾͬ⣬ϾԷǴ˵еﰡֻ֪ĿһʵжǿʲôֶͨΣһҲ֪ȻҪúоһ¡
ȻûôǾȵ׵Ϣ֮ظȴҪģ׵ΪѪܾеϵܾ֮ж޴ӡܳϣΪΣա
˵֮ҲҶͺϣףԼһˣһǹԼļϣǰȥ
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ʱѾ˰ǵﲻݳϳһһӱǽϣȴһƤֽ
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Ĳߣ鿴ȥήңͨ죬ƺ켸ҹû˯ˣҲţһǺ
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ǸӿĵͼһĶɢԽԽŨĺ⣬ȫΪֺ˫ȭյýģָ׶Ѫ˳ָ׿ʼ
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һҧһѽƤȻԼĻУϵһĵʱȫ㶵һ˾Ȼƽ׳ʮ֣Ҳÿ۾ҲˣüΪ䡣ղǸСήٵˣһ㶼ˣ
ֶΣǹ棡
ʵ棬ֵܡֻǵܾܵܺǰѧգ⼸ųɽžֻۡǹѾã˶Ϊһˣ˶֪ʵһһɫĵܵܡ
ڣˣܵܵȻҪ

׵֮ϣ籩꣬һ谵ɽ֮Уϣ˸Ҷ˵Ż
ʳ֮ڣһĹ͢ͳε֮⣬мţӴĶĶɣ֣ȴصʦһ⼸֮⣬мڴ֮ɣЩɣʵǿȴΪ͵ֻеʦǸ磬ܶ˽⡣
֪Ҳࡣǰʦ˵˵Ǽ֮һȸǣǵĳʵ߾ʦǶ֡ڱأȴһƮѩǣǸǼΪȤ˵յĵӶŮҷƯŮҪлᣬҪȥʶ¡
ĸɣǴСܹڶ̲ôͨ龳ĳǿߣ
ھΪǰʦΪͨһٶɹ׽٣֮ţΪʱµһȵǿߣ˻ʲ⣬ųΪҴĴڡϧʦ˼ȴǰ̽޾ܾҲûκӰȻĻڻܳΪµһҲ˵׼
ЩǺܾǰˡոʵĶ֮սȷʵһߵʢᡣԭȴΪܾ
ܾҶɻޱȡ
ԣܾϣҰһͣһ˼˵¼䣬ܾͨи鱦ԼЩܾǰ˿سģܾ׵Ѫܾ
ЩܾҪһԿףԿףÿܾͬÿһԿףӵӦܾıԴʱܴ֮򿪡ȻЩ֪ܾкܾܶȻˣȴ˻ʱϸûǰ̽Ƕ֮ս塣
ܾĺôǧǧ򡣵ҪȥǸ˾ͱҪдǻۣ֮սõľܾ֮Կ뿴һ磬޾ĵرŨʵѵֵƴһ𣿡
㣬ǰΪʦĹϵһܾ󣬾͸ܾص㣬塣ֻǣʹܾ꣬磬Ƕûҵã֮һҲûСܾ֮Զǵǡ·һ磡
ϧ֮սʮֻһΣұʮµ߲ſԲμӡҽѾʮˣһβμˡӮˣⱲӶûлˣ֮Һ޲ܳٻǧ꣬ϧ
ã֮䣬кϣ׸Ҷ˵һЩҶǰδŵĻ
棬ոʱ򣬾ʹҴܳȥѰӰˡ
һ˸ֽϣʵЦЦҶļ򣬵ʦܣ˾ʾףʦֵܶˣǸӵķ˵ྩ⣬˻ʱǰҲʦֵһϯλ
Ҷʱ𾪣ûϣ׵ⷬոպϣ׵һ·дһȴţһȫµءʱգɫ¶ޱ֮սྩǣǾޱȣһսµĻǸжá


߾ ֮ŭ 105 ˮ Ѫɷа
ɽ󣬾ͺͷ챻ͱһһ㣬йûһҪͣЪ˼
׵˵һʵǳ󣬾һС͵Ĵ½׵֮ϣɽȺβƣԭʼɭ֣ȱȽǡ
׵֮бӵѪܾΪ׵һӣΣ⼸ǧϣʼհסľ󣬵Ȼǿ̽ѰԼһǧǰôһǿߣϣϸ̽飬ڵһȪһϿУѪܾͨ
Ѫܾ֮еΣȴǲΪ˵Ҳ
ʱϿ꣬ڣɣյ׵Ӳͬգɭɭĺ䡣ֻ񱩵֮УҶͷİϣȴһɫӰڻ챼ڣͣش֮УʱХʱ˴ɢơ
ҶһĽĸ߿ХĽȻδһˡХ֮߿޻ڣһХ֮£͸쳹ءȴǿĹУ޾
Ҷߵɽڣȥ
ʱ׵ХҶڷкĻܣһδε˸£·ϼɵΪء
ҶڵɽλڰɽϣڵλóԶȥɽһֱൽǧ֮⣬ңңȥӿ׵֮޾ĺǷҡĳУͻ֮£Ҷ漫ĿȥȴǲݴԵµɽϣȻſʯ֮ϡ
ЩԴ֫棬ƺ֮
Ҷ濴ϸЩſŵʯÿһŶɢɫʡ
ʱͻȻ䣬ȻһһɫȻʯϣ
ǣʮûзҶ֮еıը羹Ȼʯ֮
ʯ֮ȴ˸ĸˣ
ʯȻе֮ЩʯԪʯ
뵽Ҷ۾һǰЩԪʯ޾Ǳ֪Ϊν֮ڼ
ָ֮Ԫ֮ȻҲЩʯеԪЩԪʯȫһɽ϶Ԫʯô࣬ʵ̫ˣ
Ҷ뵽׵ǰͱ˷ӵѪܾôЩԪʯܹɣͱˣҲֲˡ
ҶʱûбôԪʯĳָʧȥǣʶЩԪʯĴЩΡʵϣЩԪʯȻ֮Ԫܴ棬ҹЩԪͻ漴ʧ
ЩԪʧ׵ϵѪϿ֮УܾˡܾôͨɽϵԪʯյ֮ûо
׵ϵʵһطֻ֮Ϊôһֱʣ
Щڵϵ޶ԣȴûʲô˵ġΪ׵һ֮У࣬Щ޽ԪҲҪһЩʱ䡣
ÿ׵Ͼֵľ󣬼е޶Ԫʯ֮ϣԪʯϵԪͻΪ
Щ޵ãյһ㴿º͵֮ʹѪ䣬Ϊ߽׵ޣǱһɳ죬Ӵ˱뿪׵ǰ󺣵
޵ã
Ϊޱ޼ʣ޷棬ʹô󺣳ΪȻ԰
Ȼ䣬ʱҶһ˻ţϱһ˸յնѩһƬ
ʱҶͻȻɫǸ޴Ӱӣ
ֻǣһֶţҶԶֻһģģӰӡֻǣһӰӣҶ޴ѹԼУҶ濴ڵۼסЩۼеķǳйɡÿһۼ׶ֻаƴСۼ׾ۼȴһֹĸоͷƤĸо
ǿ󣬹ϣصľʱͳҶǰ
Ҷ治ɸ֮̾ϣҾ츳ͨΪߣֲùʿϲ֤Լ޵Уȷһ˼£ܹǿĴսҲʵһֵý£
ҶϾӰȴʱԶĲݴԺȻһ󡰴شءҶһӽ
׵֮ϣ޺Уǰһ·֪˶ޣҺ޶ǵͺϣһϢЩη壬ǰȻĻֻҪһֻǶսɱѪζȻ޿ӣ
ʱݴҶؽ֣䱸ȫһ䶢ǴϢһת˼¡ΪϣϢҲԽӵľڣԽԼϢȫ䣡ΪһεˣȻĻ۾ûпˣʹΪ൱Ҳ޷
ݴϤϤһ֮󣬳Ĳޣ棡
ʱӲݴĵˮһͷΪ޵ĺɫʱҲһ𣬿ΪǱոȥѰټȥˡ
ͻնУͷȻûг꣬£ҲΪԶ˿۷徳ߡǿޣִͨʲô츳ͨûаա⣬ҵܾӵأȻΧĻһ壡
ֻǣ˰죬ȴоԼҴ˷ܾӵأ׵һ롣ֻʱ䲻һʵҪҶͺϣװһң
ʱմӲݴ֮гȴȻ俴ҶվԼǰֳؽϢɱ䲻ľҪ̳еĳǹ
ʱҶϵɱʧΣһ֪£ŷԼĺЩ䣬֮Ҳ亹
뵽ողûһ˿֪ҶһֱվȻĻߵĽŲԼһ
ǣҶһֱԼôûз֣оޱȣ߽ɽʱ򣬱̲ס࿴Ҷ漸ۣжҶµĹơ
ȻܰϢڲصģһ˿ҲոҪɱңû׼£ʱ㲻ҲѾˣҶ棬ȻֶΣңʱܹɵҵͻ̣ʵԲС
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ֹֻһˣоԼĿռ䡣֮ڣҪΪĽաֻ֮꣬ҪһֹȻ٣
ϣױɽ֮бĿԼˣ׵ĺۼȻǰѨû뵽ȥ˰ϣȴûҵĳѨʱȻĸ֪
ϣƳһۣͷǱ֪ΪΣо;úˬ죬ɵôȤôˣСүʱȻģҲСүһҵѨæϻֵ֪ͨԲŪģɣ
ʱ浹ǲϣ׶죬̹ȻϣףҳҴˣǰɳ֣˲أΪѾȷܾӵأû뵽ǽƻĺܡҵ¶ƭϵϻɱұϵûз֣ĳѨӰ»ʱɫҪһҹ֮ǰͻֹͣʱس벼þˣ
˵䣬ͻȻԼĻͳˮ
Ҷ濴ˮɫڣкУǳ졣
ЩŨޱȣ˿˿ĹֽͣײˮıϣȻûһŤף׼Ϊ죬ˣԴȴֵĽǡЩһˮˮҫһ£Щʱ͡죬Ҫڻһ㡣
ЩϵײڻȴϸСĺɫϢУµĹǸɫĳ
ϵײˮϣֲϵıڣĲҽҶֻоܵĿУйɺԵϢϢоԼתʼԼĪ״Ŀ־壬ᱻˮɽȥ
ʱҶڵĻԪʼԶתʱϢɢȥҲ޷ӽҶ档
ֻһҶȴɵöˮ˾裬ˮаζʲô
ˮĳ֣ϣҲɫϾû˳Ц˼²޼Ҵʮ˿ˮÿһˮ֮УһֻѪɷа顣ңΪÿһˮ֮еѪɷа鲻ͬˮϲͬЧҲͬͼһ֮£Ⱥħ裬ʹͨ龳ʦҲĶӣ
֪ˮʲô󣿡
ϣף㵹Ǽʶ㡣ЦЦͽˮŽ
ʱҶоܵϢʧԷһ˲䣬ӽֱһ£ϵĹǽҲķףܼʹ࣡
ˣˮռлеа֮ôϣЩа֮ȻȻͻӰ쵽ҪľǱԪа֮ȻҪ赲˹һ˶ͻᱻа֮մȾֻƾӲ֮ĻܶʹࣿҶ뵽ʱɵһЩ
ܹһ֮ɫΪаֻ֮˲Ϯ֮ȶʹҲտʼô
ʱûлشϣ׵Ļˮʲô󣬵֪ˣڣҪǸһȥ׵ıѨǱҪسѨ֮ǰͲú󷨣ȻһֻܴһΣ´ˡ
滰û˵꣬ϣ׾Ѿ˵ˣǰңط˭Ըţһ죿ޣô֪ʲôʱꣿҿɲ£
ֻǣҶǱڵľӰܾһ֮£̫ðʧˣҲЩ


߾ ֮ŭ 106 ж Σգ
뿪Ǳɽã˾׵ĺ߷ֳ򣬸ǰ׵ıѰĳѨ
׵֦ҶïӾڱΣһ˶ԣǴ粽УҶ漸˶Ͼǿߣ˵ƽأҲʲôܶǲѡΨһѾ·ϻһЩǿޡ
Ҷ·ϣãȻ֪δȥѰĳѨ
ԽǿޣԽϲ԰ûϲԼرϮǿޣϰӦΪǿҡܾӵĵطΧӦٵĺܣ˵Ӧ޾ֻҪٵĵطȥңӦҵ
ɽ壬һȻܴ󣬵˵ֱֵһᡣȴǲ֪ѳѨ
ؼ䣬ããȻĻգҶһȥȫɫֲȴǲ֪ȥңΣڣֻܾȥˡҲҲ⡣ǺҲ˵׼ǿԶڵʵսġ
Ҷ̾˿һۣµƺһѨֻû·мʮ׸ߣṦʱȥ
ֲԶһþ޴ߴʮףڸպýӽǸµ¶̨ϡҶߵǴ£ֽŲãһź֦ǰһԾɽϡ
Ȼµ¶̨棬һɽ
ɽֶͨ޺ԣӻˣǶھ˵Ŀռ伫ʮ׿Żס
ΣҶҲ⡣ϸһɽ档
ȻɽסġҪ˵˵סɽסں
Ҷҡҡͷ¶ʧı顣ûκηֻ֣ٴðŴǰСУͣնżϮţҪսһ·̼Ϊʱ뵽Ҫܷɣжã
ҪܷɵĻʱͲڵնˣֱܹӷɵϣֻ輸أܰ׵ȫò
Ұ󣬻򵥣ûκֲ赲ҲЩ·ޣҶܷɣѾ׵Ѳһˡڰٻ׵ҶҲ漴ͱԼ񶨣ʵ׵棬ǳ׵²Ƭ̾ͻᱻɡǵòʧ
ҶУȴǿߵı־ҶԼҲ֪ԼǸ׶λкܳһ·ɽʱΪϾĳ׶ΣԴӰǰ˿׾̤֮󣬾֮еԪһ˿죬Ȼܶһ˿ԪⴿԪԵޱȣӲǽҶΪƵϵڽ׶Ρ
׶ΣҶѾʼ˽ӦãҿԵΧԪγһԼġơ֡ơ۵ޣͻΧγһĿռ䡣
ֿռ䣬
йĴԣҶ˵ܶ࣬ʲôȥоƥ֮ĻҶѾö䶼ͬϼˣЩ־죬ҰʷУЩ޵ϵǿ߼ֱһ㣬ܡ
ȻҶ֪ܣǲܵġȴף־ǿߵ֮ǰۼµĳǳأΪһǿ֣߳תս֣
ֻǵһ̤նȥ⣬ʱͽз󽫵׼սս֮ǰʱзĴҡ֮ڣسǷΪûдԮֳٳٲسǾʿʿܣȻսܡ
Ȼܹ˷У˷֮⣬֮
Ҷ˵ÿ˵ΪϰĹԶԻ֮ͬĹҲͬ
ϵԪɵĽܷ˵ĹңԶХ˳Ϊһ֮£ܽԼƷ֮ϣֱĳʹرɫ֮󣬲
Ҷ뵽ȴǲɵÿЦһЩʵЩ̫ˡɻøԶٶѾˡٿĻȣպΪ谭
ЩˣʱˣҵøϿȥѰѨС
ҶվṦɽ¶ȥֻĽñһɫĵ绡ܵĿռͬˮһ㣬Შ˿ӣ˲䣬Ϣ䵽˵ϡ
׾̤ĹǺð
һأҶϱһϲɫṦһ;֮ǰûоȻ֮ǰеõת˲ؼת˲˵ṦؼСΧŲϧҶ沢ߵ·ߣսһ󿪴ϣƱڣֱǿԪݻٶԷԣת˲ԴӵõҲûôо
ҶṦ˽⣬֪ʶ֪νṦΪݺľָľƯܹ֮ķԼ࣬Ӹߴ£ƮҶˣ飬ָľŲˣ־򵥵Ǵ˵еĺذδУ־½ط˲Ṧ
׾̤Բַ׼ȷ˵⹦һޣŲľ׷ɱֱǵ
Ҷһʯ̰һɽĿϳ֮ɫ
׵ϣˮԪ֮Ҽһ˿֮ʺĿǰĵطʱȣҪæϻϽ˻رϣﵹһĺõط
ȻҶӹһƬ֮Ŀʱһ㶣漴ϱֳһ˿ֵɫ
ԭʱһ·ɽϪ·ѾɽţɽŵϪϣȻۼ˲ٵޡЩҰ޾ȻûȥɽԪʯе֮ϪߵȺʲô
ǵʲô
ҶкɣЩ߹ȥͼӽǣЩʲô
ϪߵԣдСȴǲ٣ʮֻʮֻУ۵ĺȻһͷȫɫĺڱ
ڱĸߴһ㱪ӵСµƤëӨһһ֮䣬粨ˣΪ֫׳ޱȣóָ˼Щצ˵Ľ޻ֻ֪ڱǣԶԶġҶ濴ǺڱͷϪ߲֪ʲô
ʲô
ҶϢ;ĶŲԶĺڱΪ߹ô·Ψһһ㹻ʵȴûȥɽԪʯеȺ
ȻǲȥɽԪʯеΪиĺôǣ
ҶԼ´
ֻڱܾ裬ȻͷϪ߲ͣţһ˫С۾ȴǲͣתţԷֹʲôҲ׵ϵıܰɣ
ȻǺڱ˶٣ʲôĿһӸžۼҶߡĶ߸˫۷ɫ׹⣬צںҹ֮Ҳøɭ䣬죬ѹȥ΢΢𣬷͵͵ĺ
ƣѾҶ棡
ôͱˣϢֻ࣬ȴҶһһƣĶȴǺڱ˹Ȼ𣬾ֱǺڱɱȥ
еؽɫ׹˸죬̺żǿ
𣡡
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Ҷڱ˹ٶȶȻֱ֮֮ǰӿࡣ
ǺڱҪӴ˲䣬ԭѾԾ˸ߵȻ֮䣬һɫ绡ӱͬӰһ㣬ٵ˸һ£Ȼֱʧԭأ
׾̤У
ڱһ˸գƲסǰȥ
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䣡
Ҷؽͬһݺݵ˺ɫϡҶʱΪһͬ߾޷ӲôһУȻǲִټ䷢һ鼸صʯ

ʱڱӱķɵʮ⣬;ײ˺üô
Ǻڱոһأһ˫Ҷ棬ͺһҶؽأҶٵĻӶ֮£̺֮Ȼ˲˶Էһ˿
Ҷ濴ɫûһ˿ѪոؽǺڱʱֻоǺڱƤëһ䶯˲жȥһһҲͨ˼͹Ĳϵж˴롣
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𣡡
ʱǺڱٴηһŵأȻһ죬ּٳҶԾ˹һεٶֱ֮Ĳ֮ղţȻһֹ
Ҷ޷ӰֻһģӰӡҶ浱Ȼɺڱ
ƾԼľԤУҶеؽ˹ȥɲǼ䣬ؽɫĵת
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ʱ䣬Ҷֻһȷ
Ҷͷ׶˼ĽеؽǰһԼǰ


߾ ֮ŭ 107 Ĺ ׵𶯣
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ΪҶ津صĵһ˲䣬ڵˣ˵ʮ⡣ʱҶǺӰһξ룬̧ͷȥʱŷ֣ոչԼĺȻһԴ˺ϱôֵİɫ
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۾߸оҶϢΣգ忪ʼԴҲʼ𣬴µģһ˫˸ޱȣҶ棬ޱȡ
Ҷļ죬ʱҶȻ۾һȻ䣬߾Ȼȹ˹

ʱҶֻһХ漴ǰ۾ߵ徹Ȼȫ˦˹һӵʱ䣬Ǽʮ׳ĿֲͺݺݵسҶ档ĵطɽʯѣ˻
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ҶоͷƤһ顣Լÿ죬ʱͷҶʣˡ
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˾˾Ҷ治֪ΪΣܾﾭ

ʱҶȻ䴫һ߿Ȼתͷȥ
ֻһɫӰӱڷ裬ȻֱӳߵĹ֮УǵӰ¶Լڵۼףϵģһӿ

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δҶ˼Ȼ䣬Ҷ͸оһ˲䣬תȥһӱԼߵһ޴Ӱ˹ȥ
һֻ޴ģľޣɽµһ߱Ź
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ֲǣܵıͻϸʱʱȫһɫҺҺʴԼǿҶۼɫҺ絽һʯϣһʯʴһڴСĶ֮ոǰ۾ĶҺҲضã
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ʱ޿ڣ֮£ŵ洫ѪζʱȻ䣬һյ׵һƬѩҶȻ뵽ʲô
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һʼҶ滹ܶڲԶй۲죬ǵ˺ԽԽƺоľ䣬ĳ߿ӿҶҲزȥˡ뱻޺ûֻܵ˲Զɽͷϡ
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ʱҶ̧ͷȥٶȳĹҶţϣ׺濴龰һŹġ
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ĹᣬҶиӺˣ֪ĹﵽʲôЩ޽롣
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ܾҶϾ죬ʵѪܾڣǣ˵ǸܾҪܾ֮Կûܾ֮ԿôȥЩޣѵ֮ӵܾ֮Կ𣿡
濴ǴĹᣬĿҪˣڵشŴ˵ⲻѪܾһȫµģûбֵܾܾڵĹģܾѪܾӵҪˣǾȻһȫµܾ
ǼģҶ治һܾҪԣ֮ǰܾûʲô˽⣬ʵ棬ؾ浽ʲôΪʲôЩ޶һܣ
ǵȻˣܾĵر֮࣬ҪЩҲҪЩãҵԼԴںϵ߱ȫǵѪõΪǿޣ
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ԽıһԽ࣬ҲԪҲһŨöࡣ浽ЩʲôҺڴءǵǺãȻ粻⼸ǧû˷ֵܣǷˡ
˸ܾĶǼ˶ԻΣգǶǼеĳ˵ΣܾҪġ
ԽΪߣԽǼѣǿߣʹʲôɣԪҪȥʱ䡣˵ϵԪһˣҪʮ֮ãҶ漴ʹСԪҲҪ꣬⻹ش
ͨ磬ԪǿҪʮ꣡һˣôʱԣܾͳ˴ߵѡ
ܾ֮УȻΣգԪŨÿܾԪƫ򶼲ͬڵܾԪ⣬ʺϴ׵ϵѪܾһ֪Ԫķḻ׵߽룬ΪٶȣԿľˣ
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ʱľǴԼһˡϣһ׵ҲҪǺϣ׵뷨ѾˣǺϣײԸǰͬϣһ뿪Ȼɽ
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Ҳ֪ǲܵġܾ۴Сûܾ֮Կֵʱ䶼漴ġãǡǸ֣ܾõ˱ôǸԵܾ棬Ҳʱ˲áҪ׼ǾԲܵġܾĴС򿪵ʱ䣬Żʱҡȵʱ֮ͻʧ
ڵȺϣ׵ʱҶһЩйܾ⣬涼һһش
ؾĳ֣ǴʲôʱʼģҲ֪ܾķΪżܾţɴ˽ȥķʽҲࡣΪվܾ֮еԭܾıԴųãųܾ֮еʱ俪ʼۻһ̶ȣܾ޷ˣͻᱻܾ˦صԭ硣
ܾܹ֮ʱ䣬ҪܾıԴСһ˵ԽԪŨܾܹʱԽ֮ǸܾΪƶ񤣬Ϊԭʼ״̬Ԫϡûκο壬Ǿͻᱻһ˦صֻܾʵ̫ˣһܾǶʮҡ
ܾ֮ԿһֺĶÿܾܾ֮Կܹܾ֮ͬԿ´ҪǸܾͲٵ֣ǿƾܾ֮ԿǸܾԶģܾͻῪһͨ롣ӵܾ֮ԿˣҪʵȻ޷Ǹռͨļѹ
ϧǵʵڵǷܾǾͿԽܾеĺöװԼռˡϧ״ʹöҲ١
͵úϸҶýζ̲ס̾羹Ȼĵط
˵ؾƺһ󱦿⣬ܹȥһһкܴջ񡣡
˵ͷͷգпֹǴ󱦿⣬ĳ˵ϹʱֻԭʼĹ߸ƴ˲أֱһ죬һܾҽУܾзһЩ򵥵ͼЩͼԭʼ֮
ʱǲ֪֮Ϊͨıڻֱ˺ܶиͯãֽܾͬҵǸͼǸͼ֣ͼʼԼľ꣬ĸĸΪˣġȻǸܾ˦˳ص˼˶֣սһа٣
Ǹ֮ͯеޣ̵ǿǸڻܣӴˣſʼǸͯͳ񻰴˵е
Դ˵Ҷ浱Ȼʱ˵֪ԭȻԴܾȻԴܾôһǴܾ֮Ҳ棿
ţҶȻ뵽ܾ֮࣬ҲޣôǲҲйȣǲҲһԼʲô𣿡
Լ磬ѵҲһܾ𣿡
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Դܾ֮⣬Ҷ滹ָ֪սʽ
ʦĿƷܹ޲׽ƳɿҶڿ˵ʱĿ֮ݳڣϣһսǸеڣᵽķ֮
һеһУȫǲͬϵѵԴܾ𣿡
Ҷгɻ
ܹܾ֮ҵϵһĿܣͷǳֵðˣ˵ؾлиĵرԷȻķ󣬻ǰܾ̽µԼֱ
ҶҲ֪еؾǱ⣬ҲЩؾ֣޸ޱǿ󣬽ؾ˵ǵõܹסܺˡһܾҶ˼ȥ˶֮⣬ûκΰ취ˡ
ֻԽյܾбԴų⣬˦ҪʱҲԽºܶ˶Ȳųͱ޸ɱˡϾ߲ɣҲҪԷˮһȥԣļʾʹˡ
һųܹΪǿߣҶ濴ԶĹᣬйâ˸ܾܹһЩҶˮԪ֮⣬ҵĽһ¥
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ԼһķҲһУΪıԣҪԷӵ£˼֮󣬷תԸ֮ض֮Ȼ޷Լķԡ
֪Լһˡַƽʱûйϵһ޷Լˣһؿڣͨ龳ʱͻħ
նԼƲס̸ɣشҲǱĵǲҪ츳ԣ֣ҪһְԵĺݣ
ֺݣҪնɱԼľģһԼϲأ
֪ʱһҹĴͣٵԤףʱҶҲ˺ϣ׵Ӱӭȥ
Ҷոϣ˵һЩոշ£ԼĲ²⣬ʱϺ¡¡Ĵһ죬ԭһֱĿȻվ۾ǴĹᡣ
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ϣ׿Ĺķ˫۷Ź⣬ҲܾĿɹܾ֮֮У̫̫֮вڵıܹõЩΪ˵Ժôࡣ
⻹ҪʲôǧѷĻᶼϣȻҪȥһ
ϣ˵ţһһңʱϹâһһѼΪΪᱡĳͳⳤ洫Ϣҹм⣬һǲɶõľ
ֻǣʱҶ滹涼ûעϣϵĽעĽҡ
濴ǽң۲ĺܣ̲סĽϣף㾹Ȼдңֶ㶼УҲ̫Ǯ˰ɣִңͨǿ޷ƣƵϸ񣬲ϡȱֻһΪ͵ȵĴң¶Ҫˡ
ȻǽˮӪĶͳļҲһһĺ壬Ǽӣ˵ҲһʼĿңҵϣҲһ˻ơһͨ鼶ǿߣ˼æϣܹͻƣôпȥСߣ
ңߵ磬Զͻӵռ䡣ռ䣬ǿռĴǷ̶ȣʲôҪǿϲ١ִߣǸǿ˵ǳߡƫƫϵľ˵ȴһ
ٺ١ϣֿ͵һЦⶫϵҵġɲġǴӶɽܾеõġռ䲻̫󣬴Լʮ΢һͷޣװȥˡ
ԭģҪ˺öûа취ֿϧȻֺöԺǵ˱㱣ܡһ
ϣ׵νЦֻҪ㲻Ķұܣҵǲں
һˣǻжϣҪǸҵĶԣ
ʱҶȻڵǿ쿴ĹῪʼ³ˡ
²˳٣ǸϽȥһ̤գȻһȦɫĻ档ɫ汼Ծ˶УȻŴ꣬ҲϨ
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溰һ䣬˲䣬˲ԼͬĹٶȥ
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ʱϴһǰδеľ޴
ŵĹϣ䣡һĹȻըѣټĹᣬĿʼŤɢһȦһȦĲⲨǸˮͼ񣬼Ϊ졣
ʱϵĴ꽥ͣϢɽϵ֮ͨһֵͨӵص׳ӿ۳һɾ޴
ԽԽǿĹҲ֧ŲסʼһĹᣬȻ˺أһ˿ռ֮Уʧ

֪˶ʱ䣬Խ˶ٿռ䡣
޾ĺڰ֮УȻһΪ۵ĹâϣҶһ۾ǣ棬ϣףǿܵ龰ʱԼͬĴԭء
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Ҷ濴ԶգվȻѪɫģ
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Ҷ濴޴ɱЩ޼Ϊ׳ÿһֻ񶼱Ҫһչ޴ĳ򣬾ǿаһաֵǣЩ޵ϣһƤ׵սʿЩսʿǵȫͿĭŹŹ޵ķģ˫ֱϡ
𣡡
ʱҶȻһٵȻϵսʿַȻһ޵Ĺâ󣬱㿴ǵ
Щ˸ޱȣ̵ĥһΪˡģսʿϲϵᣬϵı仯״󣬾Ȼγһ˼ΪϬĳì
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һìᣬЩսʿµľͱ˷ޱȣȫٳǰȥԶģĺɫħЩħϣɢηϢ·Ǵӵһ㡣
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ͷĽսʿһսʿ׷׾еìȻǰͶȥ
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ϣഩŽ׵Ĺսʿǻͼս죬ŭһ㣬ŶӵأȻײȥһ̣Ҷеˣضڲ
ҶԼ࣬ŲԶսǾ
ʲôܾԭʼס񵽵ʲôЩˣÿһʵСսʿ̥ϢʵУϵսʿǾȻ֮ܿʲôΪϵķģȻ󷨼񣬿ô򵥵󷨣ַģѵһ
ϣ׺ҲǿʱǲЩңҺԼ˳ʱսɽϣʱľӾɽ֮еϿȶսʱûй˼ߡһ㣬ʱֱս룬ǿʱǿ¶ҪƬˡ
˺һڻعˡ
ϣͣһĭѵ赽ʲôܾʵֲ̫˰ɣǵҲʵ̫˰ɣһνܾȻһԭʼסܾ
ո˶ˣЩܾеԭʼòԼ󣬾ǴЩ֡ң񻰴˵Զŵʱ
ʱ򣬴ϣǹŹֵ壬ǿޣ漫Ϊѡ˸ոռЩԭסսǳֲңܾĲԭסЩҲĿ֮࣬ԶҶ硣
۹ڣȴɽɽ⣬طѾ޳ûˡ׵ȫ޼ҲǼֻѡոյȺмǧֻ
ܾΣճ̶ԶԶǵ֮жҪССˡһ񣬾ҪʮֻΧɱˡҪĻǿɾûлȵȥˣϣУ˽
ͷط̫ǿˡ䵥ױ޷ҪˡȵҹҾа취֪ŵĻˡ
а취Ҷͺϣ׶һ㶣ǳȵĶ档
һЦǼˮó޼ҵѵΪⶫֻаѪ𣿽ϣǴ۽磡
Ҷͺϣ׻һۣǶûκΰ취ܾգĸҺЩԭסûзԼˣȻĻҲ֪ЩԭסԼˣô
Ҷ룬ǻԼܾˣһ뷨ǰǼץסȻ׳õ鱨ǶԷʲôģȻȫߣúоЩˣȻɱڣ
֪ЩԭסԼ˻Ҷ֪˴ǵ磬ǲѡնɱҲŴӶԷڳõĶȻɱ
ֽԼ˶ֻ·һǻе׷ɱԼˡ
ԶԣȺ㷢ԼˣҲƾԼıɱԼˣͬһΣշС˲١
֮󣬻ǾһƫƧĵطȵȵڡ

˸Ҫ뿪Σ֮أɺȻ䣬ȴһϤĽХ
ס˽ŲȻתͷȥ򶫱ߵգ
һ޴ĺɫͷ˻Ӱ֮пٵĴɫǳʸеۼϣɢڣɭĹâΪľ
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ٶȼ죬һӾͻգ߷ȥһģҶ濴һΪʵɽ塣ɽ׸ߣǧƺıһ㣡
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ԴӼԺĿһֱû뿪
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ǧûзѪܳ¡ѪʺĵطԸʺԼĻܵԭΪǲСĴѪܳġǣˣǲСܳģѪеʩչ˴ֶΣģ
ʲôҶͺϣҲ׷׾ô˵ʲô˼
ܳģ׵ȫΪܾѾ¶˷Ӱֿؼľһһ϶ûв´ĻܾѪܾһ˫ܾ϶ΪҶ
ҶͺϣҲ棬ʵҪʲô
Ҳ֪̹ȻĿһֱӰֱʧǲĸ߷УĿٶȷҲŲʲô׵ϣܾУһҪҪҵ˱Ǿ͸ˣ


߾ ֮ŭ 110 ɽ 壡
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ðɡҶͬ
˶һۣپͳǴԴȥ


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߾ ֮ŭ 112 
һ·Уԭʼܶ˺ü죬Ҷһɱʮͷ̥Ϣޡʮͷϳ׵޻һͷ۷徳ޣ
Щ޵ʵΣҶ˶ѰЩ޵Ҳ֪ǲΪܾ֮Ũ̺Ƚϸߡʮͷޣһ붼̺
Ҷ˵ȻŹʮŵȫһԶŽ˺ϣ׵Ĵҡ
Ҷܾ죬Ѿ߰ˣ⼸죬ǾɽԽԽ޵ȴҲԽԽࡣھɽһٹҵĵشϣҶ淢֣һƺγһ޷Ҫɽ봳һ޵ش
߰Ҷˣһʱһشǻÿǳ嵽һ룬͸оΣյϢòˣо·ߡ߰¶ޣϸǿȵսҶһѾȽƣˡھ·ѡԾûκЧ޷ͣǣ˾һطɱޣ
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ԭһս۹ľӢսʿֲôҪǴදȫֵ֮һսҲЩƣΪһ֮ǾػǱһһģ
˵ˣܲҸطϴ裬˳㻻·Ҷ滹ڵ۲֮ϰߵʱ򣬺ϣȴܲϵζĸоˡ
Ҷ汾ûܣϣôһ˵ҲȫԾʱ·ߵҲűӣҶָָ㣬ǳЦҲ֪ҰˣϲһйŵĶζʲôҰ޵ɧζ
⻰ϣɫһᡣ̫ɺˣӾȻҲб˵һ죡
ûǮطǮԪʯΪλġһԪʯֻĴָָ׸ôһ൱һͭǮԷס꣬ҶҲ֪ҪԪʯ
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˵ˣȴǺȻѹ˵ͨԭȲġǺȻɭģҾãΣ
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ȴǣˣҺɶˣûа취ԸҵƵǼ򵥣ֻҪ㹻ʱУ¾Ȭˡ
˲ˣҲûʲôϵϣװ˰֣һ棬ֿһҶ棬ȴǺȻЦ
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ƽʱҶҲΪǵһԱڣʱԣǳȣٶȼϡ
ؾ޶Ҷ˿ûвһ·ϣҶնɱ֪ޣ޾ҲҴҶ⣬ҶһǾͶԶԶġ
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ңֵǣҶߵоԼһƬʵСУҶ治ܵӰ죬֪ҲܵӰ졣ϵʵֻҪԪںأĸо֮ڵжҶµɳ޷ĸ֪
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Ҷüͷһ壬оȻŨ־磿ЩͨҺŨȾȻʮܹЧʮֲʿս֮ǿ
Ϊ֮ҲȫѻġҪ֮Ũ֮ȻһЩôҲԡ
뵽ҶоЩƽˣϾΪǿѻܳΪǿߵġ
ҵĸ֪ܵӰ죬ôͬģӦҲ޷ǰֲŶԣңܵӰģǸ֪ӾܵӰ󡣡
ˣҶɽȻСġ
ҶҲ֪Լ˶ʱ䣬ֻǸоɫҪˣΪڣмûйˣһƬڡ
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ҶɵϣӸشȥ뿴Լĵط״ʲôλá
Ϊ1500ϣ˼ԵʣҶѾ޷ҵȷĵ·ˣе·һĻѾ֮ܳΪ·ˣӲݺľиõĿҶ

ǣʱкȻһ硣
ⲻ磬⾹Ȼ磬ʮֹԳԲΣֱԼףڿлƶһһţ˽һӣ
ֱ磬ȻȻײ˲Զɭ
䡱һҶֻԶ˸Ĺâ֮ŨȴȻܵĿǱǱըȥȴԸٶȲ䵽ԶײɵӰ죬Ȼֻһ˲䣡
һ龰Ҷ˼֪ΪΣһ뵽ԼˮΡ
Ҷ̶ˮԪ֮ںؽҪͨˮ֮һǿĽҶ汾ˮ˷ˮԪ֮һ
ٲײһҶܽеһȻġǣҶôãڣԾֻһңԴһ֮Ҫڶȴǧϡ
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ǰڣը֮˲龰Ҷвϵģ⡣
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Ҷ治֪ɽǰʲôԤУֻҪԼղǣֻҪĵȴˡ
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һɫͷǹǵһȻһɿֲȻŷϵţǵʱ˵ضݣ

ֻоԼԴһ󷢳ƺԼԼʲô˵ʲô֪ˡ

ڳޣ𾪵ؿһĻǼʧˣԭ񻶵˺ǡĹŹ
ոգֻǰ࣬򵥵һӲͷǹϣԭӲޱȵͷǹǣһֱӾͱˣ󣬰ɫԽɫѪҲһӿ˳õǡ
ǵǱһֱ˻ײһôϣžһڵϡģƺȫĹͷˡ
Щ޼ˣոŵ̬ʱΪ֮һͣȫͲҷһͱҶ涢ϡ
һ̣оȻǰδеİ

ͷתͷʱײϵһĻҶһ¶һ˿棬Ҳֻһ˿ٶתͷȥǰɽڡ
ΧⴳԼ̵һһʵǿԶＸʮͷޣǣǵΪʵ̫ŹˡֻɽڣǸ࣬ȴֻ
ҪôǶƬ޵Ĺͬˣ
ЩĶҶûкˣҲûҪΧɱĴ㣬Ϊǻڵȣ
Ƭǿļֻǰ
Ҷһնɱǣֳǿʵ޲ҿһǣȴûκϲΪڶϷеһǿϢڿٽӽ
飡飡飡
ʱҶдһ޴ĽŲ
ãһɸǿϢӽһǿϢڿ
ҶоϢǿң֪ԼŵǸõԤˣؽ֣ҲɸˡĶͷϿʼðϸǰĳѾ㡣

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ҶǺķеľǰδС
ۻԪʮĿԪ䶯ʵ̫ǿˣԪǿȣһ޶ҶĿʼ˼Զͷķ
ģģУҶ濴һ޴Ӱӣд䡣ǸӰһԽǼʮסƺƵȻҶһԼսǧĸо
ʲô
ҶǴڣнżˡ

ͻȻɭһƬٱһֻë׵ľһץ
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ͷԳȻ׸ߣ
ȫһƬѩף״ģɫȴɫġɫϣȴѪɫ۾ִıǿףʱꡱꡱ죬³һˮ
һž޴¶һŵļ

հԳģҶ治ľ⣬ȻڲƪרżصϹ֡հԳ
ڲУ޺ʹ˵е֣ҶϸʱֻЩеĴ˵Ϊʱ֪ϻܾ¡
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ɲϣգȻ⴫˵еޣ
Ҫ֪Ĳƴеƪȴޱȣ嵱УҲֻצƽʥʸѡС
հԳǿѪᣬɾ־ȭɽƶϺµǣȫëˣֻ׻ɱ֮
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ʱҶ漸Ҳ룬תҪ뿪
ޣܹģʱľΪǣѾﵽ۷ľ磬ǣԪҪ㹻ʱʱ䲻Ҫֻ̫Ҫ̶̼¾͹ˡڣмµʱ䣿οڴﵽ磬Ҳһܹսʤǰͷǿޡ
Ǵһ˾ˡ
ҶѾ⣬ȶ㵽ԶɭֻҪܹӦߵĶСһһֻհԳѶԸԸһûаգҪԸԱɣ
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ʱĵɫ۾һɣҶʱëȻĸо
ҶԭΪֻһͨСߣǣȴ֣СߵΧе޶ɪɪһ̣Ҷķ֣е·ѾʧˣֻСߡ˻˻ŵ
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Ҷ濴˿˿¶ӣϸɫģǰɫߴʱȻһӰӣɵˣôǿߵʮ֮һ״ߣ
Ҷ汾ƿߣ뿪˵أߵ߶ᵲǰ뿪
ѵ״߿ҵĴ㣿
뵽˲䣬Ҷֻ亹ӺðǰнհԳа״ߣҶһҲԸˣν·ţ
߶ζţĳҶźɫӡҶоεɱڽӽԼ
ô죿ô죿Ҷ治ͣԼ
ͻȻ۾һƳ
ˣһѣ


ڰ˾  119 صĿܾˣ
ǰ޻Ҷ޷ȥ۾Ƴڿյ֮еһۣһᣬþͳȥ
ֻǽǵעûдƴԣԪȫеؿڣؽҲһֱؿڵҪԤĹ
Ҷԭŵ۾ʱ˸׹⡣
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ʱЯֶԵУһȥôҶǻԥĽָɵ
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ĪǣرǸʯں棡
Ҷһ۾Ǿ˵̳֮УһڵĶڣغ˿־Ϣ


ڰ˾  120 ǰǧ ڴˣ
Ҷ۾صĶڣϵ˼ʲô취ȥǹһȴ֣Լûа취Ǹˡ
ܾ̫󣬼ʹÿ׾̤嵽󣬿ҲԶ㿪Ĺʱ򣬲õʱҶҲ֪ο׾̤ڶʱֻʹһΣݵʮľ롣ϧǾ˵Ĺ¶Ѿʮ׷Χڡ
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Щ֮ܵУҶоƺüΪճҪԪҲüΪѣ·һǿصϵ
⣬۷徳ֶΡܾˣʲôȻǿΪǰѵͨ龳ǿߣҶоͷƤһ飬ܾͨ龳ǿߣпܣһ˿δ
νͨ飬֮󣬷һ˿䣬ܸӦصʩչһ˿츳ͨ޵ͨҲԼ츳ֻͨС޷ԼֻͨΪͨ飬Żͨĳ֣
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ߣǽհԳȻɵȻֳֵľ˿ܣǶԼԵֶΣʱҲΪţһԷһܣԼⷽɵܾ˲ʱ⡣ҪǣβıԼʵڸɵܾ֮Լûʵȥᶴеر
ͷ޵ǻ۸ѾûʲôˣʱʶڡϧǸиԵĴ㡣
ܾȴûЩ뷨ǰǺεȵľ˫ʱⶴǰػߣ񣬾ɱЩߣ

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Ϊʲôһְ͸оҶޱȡʱľǿֻŻ˷ܣ֣ȴԲӦǰ
ʱȻ䣬ৡģһ漴澹Ȼˮһ˲䣬ҶͷĶǽϣһһݹȥÿһףһĵƻ
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ǰǧ꣬λӰڴˣ
һС֣дôһͷԵĻ


ڰ˾  121 Ͻ
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ʹǿߣֻҪһδ֮Ž磬վֻǷһʹͨǿҲ
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⻰Ҷ治֪ôͣɫΪΡԼƮƮżһ棬ǣǺϣ׺棬ƺƮƮŮˣʵϣֻԼ֪һϣʵʲôûзţʵҲʲôûз˼ҹʲôˡ
ֻǣƮƮҶҲ֪ô˵ֵֹֹζ
̧ͷһ۶ϣҶ뵽֪ǸǾŮӣǷݣ

ݳǣϱǽӽǰྩǡ
ʱ⣬һҴ֮ϣеľͽǴͷֻΪվһϮŵɴƮƮ
ȻƮƮѾɴס˴룬ǣ񻣬ޣ紵ɴƲһ㣬ʵһ㣬档
м˵˼䣬ŴŴת飬һֻüһ㣬දˡ
ƮƮߣСȴЩӤʵСݺݵĻͷЩӡЩ˿вʽˣͷЩǿɺޣС㿴˰ˣߣٿȥӵ
ƮƮЦһǲ⡣
ǿǵģǿǵģСˡǺú룬˶ɣȥ
ȻɴסƮƮףǣСȴܿãȻǶСڶɳȴδһ죬뿪ɡ
ǵ֪ܹ뿪ɣʵڿģһֻе˷ŷɣɡֻ죬ɵĸоζЦѡ
Ǻܿ췢֣뿪˶ɣԼƯ⽭ɽĸƼһ㣬ûиˡȥȥҲʼãˡ
СָͷԼཱུС죬תһӣͻȻ뵽һõ⡣
С㣬㲻˵Ҫȥһȫıһ˵˵½ͳģʮа˾ţԹղؽɽׯ±ôģʮа˾ţǳɽׯ
ƮƮжʱһôǾȥɽׯ
ǡСʱûģҲЩ켱ˣʹɽׯˡ
ʲôƮƮʱΪ֮ᡣ
С಻ҸƮƮӣֻȦָͷСҾӦڱߡΪǸ˵ɽׯѩӦʲôƮǸġ
ǾȥƮǣƮƮ
֮뵽ʲôСȻѾ뿪˶ɣôԭ֣˰ɣ׼ˡ㲻СˣҲƮƮˡ
ǽʲôС˷ܵʵ
ƮƮұĽҵʱ򣬸ȡһ֣
СĽ֣֪ΪΣǿģЦȻСĽҾͽĽˡĽԼȡ֣һΪʱȻ֣ǽãʵϣֻǸѾߣʱЩǣͰ͵Ľ
ĽС΢ЦҽĽĽءԺðɡ
šСͷʱʧЦ
۾ͬһ㡣

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Ҷ񣬱ؽһһǹͷһԸȥѰҵ»ر
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»رǴǷƷôҵõǿƣѵ
»رҶǰõĽƼһޣǻƵΣΪơҪģǵĲϣͬǷǽӲޱȣһԪķת
Ҷ˻ɣҲȷΣ£ҲֻܽرȥҶٶȼ죬ܿ죬͵˰׵۳ǡԸҵ˹رֱӽ󽫾
Ҷʵ̫ע⣬˰׵۳زԶͻһƥһ·϶վԸҶֻǽԼʾһ£дĹԱȻҵҶ档
գգա
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Ҷ㽻֮󣬾ͻؼҿǣţȵķ֣ǰĴ·Ȼסˡ
ףֽôô֣ѵǺֺл˫һˣ
һ֣Ϊֺл˫ˣл˫źָԼһܣʱ˰׵۳ںߵΧۣűµˮйͨ
һΣҶվǶֵĴ¥ĶϣɵЩЦ
ʱһ꣬ʱĽֺл˫Ϊֺл˫˼ʹ¶Ķˡ
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ҶϡǵãԼһߵüƺǰѽǾ¥ݶ֮ϣɲ书ҪݶҲûһҶ浹Щò˼ˡ
֣ԭ㰡
ɼҶ滹ϵԼΪˣһ˦ȣ΢΢һЦֵܺü԰вûڽϼˡȥˣ
Ҷǰ棬ǰĶ鼫󽫾ֵۡ棬ҲƵֻɵšʱ𣬱ڻشǰȥˡ
ϣϺðģϼŮӸ񣬺궼ܣΪŮʵ˫ϣһζ
˵ԻҶȴǶǰĶ飬˸
ʮ󽫾ʹţڶࡣǧˡǼϻţﵽ˰ǧˡǧ˵Ķ飬ǰдӿ·һ·ֱƺƵʹɰƥڵĽֵҲЩˡ
ֻǣʱҶȻ۾һ⣬ǶһﾹȻȫŴɫĳУࡰϲģҶʱһҲ֪뵽ʲôȻס˽ɵ֣ʵΪʲôǶϣȫϲƷ
һ㶣ЦŶȹҪӭȢƸ񡣡
ʲôҶӭȢƸ񣿡
ʱҶ治֪ΪΣкȻҲû˼ȥ顣
ҶԽɹֱȭʧˣҪ飬һˡ˵꣬Ҷֱ뿪
׷˼ιֵܣʶôˣ㻹ûңʲôأ
ҶͷҲأشҽҶ棡䣬Ѿʧ嵽һֵȥˡҪϽ񽻵Ȼ
Բܼ޸ˣ
ҶҶ棿֣Щ찡
֣Щ㶣ȴȻһԼĴȡ
Ҳ٣ȻҶ棡


ڰ˾  125 Ϊɱ˵ģ
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һ˵Ϊɭ֪˭Ȼ񣡡
һ˵ͷɳƵ֪˭һȣԺҲûлʩչṦ
Ǹ˵꣬ȴһĿ죡
ʱ˲һģʱʧתͷԲĬĬϡ

Ӵ󽫾ϣҶЩꡣ
ֻΪҪӭȢ;Īķ꣬иһĻҪй֪һּʡΪѾŲǸһľ
˵һ飬ôҶ棬ȴֻһѸոմɵıûбء
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ԣҶںܿաΪ֪ԼǺá
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ϵ׵۳Ǿ벻Զٶֿ죬ʱʱ䣬ҶѾϵϡֻǣȻЩԾ
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ҶĿ˶ȺһۣǵĴ磬˵װǸˣԡ
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ҶϵӣоһǣһڿлʱǷѾ嵶ˣƣһȻʧڿˡһ򵶻ʵľӰ£һ˲ŤĴĿռ֮õڿٵУڿռŤ֮¡
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ѾѣҶĽȴ˳ŵ棬񱩵ŭ⣬һ·ɨȥϮϵʱ򡭡

Ű£ӵ˲ͱǹɿתĽ飬ѪɲǼƮ𣬻Ϊһ
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ңңڵķҲ֪ʲôǺҸЦݡ
վһۺѾߡСѾС裬ཱུǼΪɰֻʱСѾȴΪԼ˶ǡ
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Ͽġֻǣ󽫾ͣ޷ΥġǴ󽫾ͬ⽫ȹӣܳ裬Ҳòϼ¡
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Ǵ󽫾Ӧˣô죿
СѾ߲ɵðǣСԼȴһӣɵͣСʵ㲻ҪǴ󽫾ͬǸʲôӵ飬ô죿
Ŵ⣬˼ƮɣСѾߵĵǣֻչЦЦ
֣ժ´ڵһĵõǼᣬĵζıǼ⣬в֪뵽ʲô¶˵Цݡ
תŻ䣬ЩɬƺҲء˭ҲȢҵġ
ĻȻᣬСѾȴˡСѾ߶ʱˣ۾Ϊʲô
Сվޱ֣صĴԼĻͳһѪ߰ߵذסذһںɼҶġȻһѺͨذףҲΪѪգЩˣȴһֱϡ
ذģϸϸĸȥЩѪʱз뵽ǸҹⱲӾģһҹ
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̧ͷޱȣеĵһһʱ䣬˸ıࡣһʱ䣬ԭǸͬһŮӣѾýޱȣˣеʻΪ֮ʧɫ
ߣ΢ɲᶨޱȵĵ˵Ϊɱ˵ġ
˵⻰ʱСѾ߿һƬϼģѪɫ֪뵽ʲô˸ĪĹâһ̣ĺһǸÿĵӣʲôģ


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Ҷ뿪ºֻصԼ̶Աߵݡ
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ҶȻԼҲˮԪԣõԴ飬Ѿ˴ԪʣʲôҪһ˿顣
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˶٣ֵҵĵӣһҲ㣡Ȼ⣬ɱ׵ˣգʦʹȥװɡ
Ҷһ⻰ʱЩɵˣʦҲ̫ż˰ɣӣкܶҪͬʦ˵ء
ڰֵ޷մ󽫾ҪټʮʹߣҪϯʦҲյˡʦǲԸȥģ£գʦ˳ȥһ󽫾ɡ
˵ʱЦеĿҶ档Ҷһһˣȴûһȡо˼
ˣ
Ȼ뵽һ£ȻѾƽܾУһҵʦµر˰ɣ
뵽ʦµرȻסӵ֣Щˣߴٵ죬ҿʲô
ǣʦ
Ҷ˵ͬʱȻ䣬ȫʼֳһɫΣ֮Уһɫ𣬿ʼ֮£˸һ˲䣬Ҷͬսһ㣬ȫ£ðϽɫ
۵ĶͷϣһϽɫת˸֮УƺһзֿҪơʲôҶ治֪Ҳ֪ǿԿ϶ϽҪĴڣ
ҶȻ߶ԪʱϽɫӿ֮УХ
ã̫ˣ
һĻɴϲЦʢģĺãʮİؾߡǧ꣬Ϊģǧǵ
󣬶ɽϱʮɽ˿ڶࡣʮ˿ڶʮڡϷ֮أ˿ڸ࣬ϰ˿ڡϲ˶ꡣ֪һǧʷжˣ
ϧڵ죬ǧʷ֮УҶʹﵽΪģȻֻˣ
ʦ˭
ҶЩ档ΪʵȫԼ޵ġдҪ鹦ڻԪİԴ棬һС֣Ͻá
ûлԪûϽ಻ͨߣҶҲףһҪ͡ԣȱһɣʱҲʵһ֣
ЦЦ漴۾㿴Ŵһڻϡ
Ǹڻ˵Ǳڻ˵Ƕ̶̵ļʻһһ֡Ҷʱûио⼸ʲô⣬ǣϸһȴ֣⼸ʻȻһǿĽ⣡
ÿһʻһֽ⣡
Ȼֻ߰˱ʣȴֽ߰⣡
Ҫ֪ܹϰһֽ⣬ﵽ۷壬ѾԱΪšֽܹ⣬һʦˡ
Ȼ߰֡ôܣ
ң֣߰ÿһֽ⣬Բ޻ﵽ˷豹Ľ߾磡
Ҷһʱ俴Щˡ
ֻֽ߰⣬ܸоǸεľžޣ
оҶĿ⣬֪Ҷע⵽ˣЦЦ⼸ˣƾϵʦ䣬ʮ죬ʮﵽ۷壬ʮ꣬硭ʮ꣬ͨ顭ʮһ꣬˫ûһ˿Խʱһ꣬Ѿ֮š
ƾҶס֡ʦȷʵƵϾ˫ʦһ˭
⻰Цݾ͸ˣĿ⿴ϵİ׵۳ǣһˣϹ˫
Ϲ˫ҶһüϹǻϣ¼˻壬˲ûжġ
ǵġϹ˫Ǵ󽫾Ϲ̫һֳ
󽫾ֳҶޱȾ棬Ϊδ˵󽫾һֳеֳȻǻ֮еֵܡ
󽫾Ϲ̫һǿݶӪԣ뵱˻ʱ£һ󽫾Ҳֵܡ
ЦЩɬˣûҲΪʮǰѾˡţǳΡʱѾﵽͨľ磬˼ڲ̫ϳϣµҲûжĶ֡
˵⣬Ҷȴ⡣
Ժﲻɵÿʼ㡣
¡ʮ꣬ʮǰ˻֮λʱ
Ϲ˫˾žޣ˻ʼɵɱ֮Ҳ˵
ҶȻ뵽ǰ¡ʮ꣬󽫾ʵȻﵽ˼Ҫɹ׽ѣ֮šȴϮڶɽͷһ
£ҶǰһķзΪ֣±᲻Ҳ˻ʵӰӡ
˻ʣ󽫾
һ뵽ģҶı֪ΪΣȻ亹乡
Ȼһ˦ͷҲԸȥЩЩԣʵ̫Ӵ


ڰ˾  127 󽫾룡
ڶһѾҶĴ̨֮ϡ
ҶߵǰùһǴ󽫾
˸ҶġȻҶôԣҶһǰӦҪͬ󽫾顣
ҶҲ⣬׼׼ɽ
˵磬ȻҪذ׵۳ǣһûлؼˣýؼȥһȻҪǺܾûмĸ׺СˣҲΪ
ᡣ
ҶһҡƬ̣ͷȻһһৡģɾĺ󱳡
Դȥ׵۳ǡ
˫չݡһͻΪһ⳯Ű׵۳Ƕȥ
Ҷûͣڰ׵۳⣬ֱԼļзȥһֱҪñ˿Ҷε磿
Ҷ켶ޣչ߷ɣ
ҪףҪ۸ԼļˣҲҪܷԼı
Լĸ׺Сã۸ˣҲܱ۸
ǰôҡΪʵԱ⡣ڣʵѾȵؽؾµһȵʦʮʤˣָ⻹ڲԼ̨öطĵ£
˵֮£ȴھؾͨľ⣬ܶҶ˺ˣѾˣʮУ֪ͨ龳ĸ֣Ҳֻд󽫾˧ХԼ벽ͨ龳Ҷ֮УֻҶг
ǣҶڰ׵۳ǣ󽫾Ƥ¶
ԣ
Ҷ񻮹׵۳ϿաĿ꼫Ϊԡڰ׵۳ſľʿֻһ۾Ϳˡ£ʿľٱ棺ˣв֪ɹ¿֮˳˶ᣡ
һȻ˳޽׵۳ǣŵֱ׵۳ġ󽫾Ӫʣ϶ڰ׵۳ǡв죬Լ֪鲻϶ǵһԴģ£ʣ׼ϼ档
ôʲôֵôµ˻Żŵģ
ʱһźɫ׵ĽģƵĴ
ˣ
Ǿٿˣʱ鹧ҲˡˣԼʲôտǸ˧µʮɴִڡʮɴˣϴӪպʮѪ֮һΪѾƽؾʦˣҲûжһս
ʮɱȭƴˣʿ˵˼޽ڣҪ˻㱨ȴ֪Ѿ֪ˣµˡ
£ʮɵͷɫȴţЦ㲻õġսǵʶʲôµġμӽմ󽫾ġӦҲ˵˰ɡ
磬ʱȻԴޣԭˡǴ󽫾ʮʹߵĴ磬ϺþòôˡЩˣǱֵ˴ˣǴɡ
ֻǣıͣҲ˵˼λĽŵɽׯׯϵļλʦߴүУҲλ
˵ʼˣǣЩǣһѾˣʱҲߵң˵˴ڵۣˡ¼ʶǳһʱȴ벻λʦˡ
ܼԦޣʵϣҲָˡ
ʮ⻰ȴǲ֪ʲôд֮ǰͬҶȥִһʱȻѾǰ;Զ󣬿ȴû뵽ʵܹô졣
֮ԤУǸ˵Ҫ쳹ϣ
ˡ֪Ǹ˵˭ˣȻڵʦǣȷڵˡʮ˵ǾٻʣȴЦЦˣʣҲ˵֮£ɡǰ;Զ󣬼λʦѾûôһˡ£Ȼ֪Ҳö˵
λʦصˡǾٱЩ㶣̧ͷʱʮѾ뿪ˡ

׵۳֣ҶСԺԭ壬ȴھǼɽ˺
ҶСԺǾ˰æҵģط뾰ĿܽһӵĽų̡ԺĴϿܿĴš
լԺԵģסˣǸ
ǰҶһϢİᵽʱܵھӼǾۡĹܼҰæļңоǾȣ׷ȥһ˵ıΪǴ󽫾ĳݣǻ׹ݡ
ɺǽ֪⻧˼ҵˣҶҶϲաȻǻ׹ݣҲֻĸŮһԣʱЩھǾûа⻧˼ҷϡ
أҲķ֣⻧˼ĸŮ˶ǺˣǸŮǹɣҲλ㣬ʱкöĹˣϲɰСءҲԼеŮҶҵŮˣ
ȻԼҵĺӸҶˣҲһۣԼҵĺʶԷʲô
ҶȻûзмβ͸˶ԷԼҵÿһΣ뵽ĸ׵ĸ룬סû˵ȴǸ˱ˣһ硣
ĸѧ䣬һӢۡ
ڣһķܹѧˣʾӵܡֻҪܹѧɹһǣΧ˱㽫ҶеĸŮΪ󸻹󣬵Ҳǹٻ¼ͥ
⣬ֱ졭
ЩˣԺУ񿥷Ƿչʮ׿񡭡
˶ɵˣ
ܾޣëȫڣֻһȦëǰɫгޣǴͨ޷Ǵ޷Ԧ
ʱԺУεҶ汧ҶԼԴˣ
ĺͯһοĵֿǵͬһ㣬ΪЩ£ɿҶſǵԴȥǵĲǵҲûзΪܵ۾Щͯ׷׾¡
д󵨵һ£ûзĺͯʱѧΧ˸ˮйͨ
Щҳڼе£׷׶ܳҪһô˹ɡ
Ҫ֪һޣʹ̫׶ģҲӽ
ֻǣмҳСԺһ龰ʱЩɵΪȷˣޣңΪ׶һޣ£һۣ׶񣬾Ȼѱ˹ɣҶҵ꣬ڵͨӡ꾭ڼУĸ׺ӣȴҪúðæչˡԵ˵õ
ļҳҲ׷ͬͷǵǿҶΪ٣ϵǰؽʱǲ˼顣
˽סһͣȻܼԦޡҪѱޣʵҪǿǣѾΪ
ߣ⻰ȴһΪʲôֵģѵǰؽѽȴһɵĵ˸ҲµĲѽӦϵ֮һ񣡡
˱ţתͷһȴǿһˣǶʱ£Ϊͬ⣬ӵܣɽʱȻǼ񽣣ԲŻƶֻǣϵλʦԸΪôὫ񽣣һأ
һʣҲ׷ײ⡣ǲҲûйϵֻҪ֪һ˲Լģ鷳ʱԼܰæҲһ£õģࡣǾ㹻ˣ
޷ˡ
ԺУҶĶ伫ΪЩ˵Ļˡ
ЩۣɽҲ١ϵĵͱǶΪԼżвٵĵѡʱ򣬶ȥѡ׽Ҳģıһؽ
Ȼ̶ԣûеӸɽǴˮ̶ȴ챬ȥˮ
磬ʲô֣
ҶطϣŪĲͨԣ֪ŮԼ˼ΪܵˣװһܵģҶؿġҶʮϲ
ǣչһɣǧٶȱõҪһҶЦ˵Ҷ˵ԼĺûҲǽ̧Դת޴ҶصֱҶǷһЦ
ʱȺ⣬ҶȴǺȻһϤЦ㿴һϮ½ɫߵꡣ
ŭʹƣ仹һѱɫ䵶ЦģһĹ˵Цݡ
ˣǺֲ˭
ֳҶſڣҶ湰֣ҶƤգգ۾ҶһۡˣҲ⣬ЦĵôҶСã˵ˡϴ㶼ҽţΣҽ𣿡
Ҷ־ȻʶԼãʮֳԾ
£֤Լļҡ
ΪʲôԼļҶʡ
ֵȻ֪ԼڼУôԼ޷ǾɡһֿܣԼ￴뿴һԼĵϸ
ȻֲˣңҲ֪ԼϵӵܣΣʲôԹһôֻеڶֿ˵ͨˡ
ԼпԼɽ˼Уϴ壬ֵڰ׵۳ҲһЩһΣԼоͻٺܶ鷳
ֿ竣û뵽Ȼϸĵˣ
ҶһЩж
Ҷص֣ҪԼŶԺֵ֣Ҷĳˡ֪Ҷĳʲô£
ϳ΢ЦӻͳһɫڰЦϲҶֵˡ
Ҷ֣ϵ֪ϲӺ
ּҶɫɻ󣬱ԭĲ֪ҲգˣҿɲԸڵص׾ȹһҾͲˡ
ţģ󽫾ȣȥǬ˵˵
󽫾Ǭ
䣡
Ⱥ⻰ˣʱɵˡ
˶֪ǬǴ󽫾ҪµĵطֵطһĽҲȥʮܽˣԲʮҶɣʲôˣȻô󽫾룡
ңҵĶɽׯׯ֣
ֺˣ
ϵһӵܣ
ң竣һϵ竣ˣȻ˲ȴл˫ϳ˫ڣµһȵľţ
󽫾νΪ赣ˮСʱʮ꣡
ʱ˻һνǺ䶯¡
ɽգ󽫾ȻǲȣҶɡҶɣڴ󽫾Уָʲôľţ
ҶҲû뵽ȻǴ󽫾úġǰһֱһʮ꣬ҷֵҴ֮˱ǧΪ֮Ŀ󽫾Ǻεȷɣ
ԣ
󽫾᲻֪ѾɱǸĹȹӣȻҶ뵽ܡ
жʱ
µҶҲ֪ԼѾ㲻ȥˡȻ㲻ȥˣˬϺִĿŴ󽫾ȥ
ȥƺƵĶϳǶѾϰ˺ֵһϮ£°ұл˫գǿҶ汳ؽںֵߣģȴںֵǰ棬˺ְλ
ۼ˿ˣã˫ڣƺѾ˹ȥҶɣ˴һ
Ȼ뵽ʲôҶأʵʲô
Ҷؼһ֣ܵĻ鿴Լ۹ⶼüĽЩѾǶͦţޱȡҲǻһƬΪԼĸԺ
Ҷ棡ҸҶ棡
Լ米ǰѺصؽ֪ǰѽ֣룬ֵҸҶ棡
Ҷ棿
һҶصĻʱ뵽ǰѽܶ˶֪ǰѽؽϵ֮һ˵Уȴһ
֮žͻ쳹£
ΪʮһȵĶ֮ս쵽ˣ
ǸԴʮһսҪˣ


ڰ˾  128 һȥȡ
󽫾ڻֺԶҶܹ
¥̨ƻͨҫͬһ㡣岽һڣʮһָͦڵ·ԡ޴֮ڣ֮صĳǬǰȴԵø壬ִڵԶԶվһԣҿ
ǬܰڣȻûһ
Ҷźһ·ߡ·ʱʱ̶ڴܵĻΡȴֹӵĵãЩڴ֪¼Ĵ󽫾εģ
󽫾ϼʮ꣬ϰյУ˻ʱ¾̫ԶǵˣʵǴ֮ϵ󽫾
֪󽫾ΪζټңҶЩ
ںֵ󡣺ֶƺϤóĽŲǬ֮ڣĽŲ𽥾ͱó٬ı飬Ҳһģֱˡ
󽫾ڳǬټҶ棬ȻҪϢĲ
˹֮Ҷ㱻ִһΪµͥԺڡ
Ժڣȴмɫۣɫ𪣬ȴ޺ĹԱЩڵ̫࣬Ҷһ۾ϳˡϸ΢ϢĸоΪңܸо⼸̫书붼쾳ߣ
Ǽ̫ǰ͵͵һƣֵͷָָһԵҶ棬Щ̫жʱ¶һ˿ʣƵƵҶ漸ۣ漴Ǳܿ칪˿ˡ
һŻɫ̫࣬ȻЩ̫е죬һǰֱӽȥͨˡƬ̣Ǵ̫ҴܳˣԺЦӣҶӣ󽫾λڡ˵䣬ֵһӲ¶ۼ˹ȥĵˮ¶Ǹ̫¶ĵЦݣ˵һԡ
Ҷһ߽ȥĿ㱻мǸ
ǸӳüĿӢͦ䣬һϮۣε纣֯ϷͼͶ㣬Ϸͼ˿תϷֱҪɳһ㡣ǣҶȻ֣ǸӵĶͷȻɫŹ⣡
Źڣ·޾
Ź⣬·ǳصԪɡ޾磡
֪ΪΣҶһŹ⣬̨֮еöϽɫȴȻһ
ף
Ϲ̫һȻһ졣ȻоԪ
̧ͷйâ貣ɨҶһۡʱҶԼһеĸо
Ϲ̫һվǰһž޴ĵͼͼϣݺύĸֱǡҶʱֻ΢һ£ͿˣʮʮֵսԵͼȦȦ㣬ϵľ䡣
Ϲ̫һҶ棬УҶĸߴȻɬȴĺܣԼ֮£Ȼ治ɫڴʱѾͨ龳һ־ѹԱߵĺִʱѾ̲ס㿪Ŀ⣬Ҷ棬ȴɵĿ
Ϲ̫һ̲סаͷԼᶨɿΣ
Ϲ̫һ̾ϲҶʡ֮ǰѾ֪ҶǰܾеʵͻͽѾĴʦ磡
νǴ⣡
һҶΪ㲻ĿˣҲóǣҶϷǵûеϢһͨһ
̬Ҷ档
Ҷ棿ܲΪֺʦ˸ˡϹ̫һһˣִϴϿᡣɴʱȴ΢ЦЦʱҲ紺һ㡣
Ҷ治ҡ󽫾ˡҶһжʦġûʦûҶĽ졣Ҷ治ԣش
⻰Ϲ̫һЦݸЦʦûҪл𣿡
Ҷ֤漴ԺȻĸֳһĨˮһգʦҶ滹Ҫлһˡ
ûˣҶһһѾȫʬûˣҶ㱻˴ڽͷҲ˶࿴һۣûˣҶлʦ¡ҲнյһУΪˣҶԲϧһУ
Ҷÿ˵һ䣬󽫾ϣЦԽѾЦʵ˵˭
Ϲ̫һĿҶ棬֣ҶڵԪڵȻһ˿ǣ
봫˵вʲôɽõġʵڵӡھѧֻǣҪΪϿΪѣǳʦ⣬һɹˣ
ͷϵŹΪáһգĶͷŹ⣬֤Ѿȫںϣȵʱͻ֮ŵʱˣ
ǱˣϹ̫һΨһʦã
ֻǣĵϸҲʮңԿ϶һ¡ıģһ޴صļ塣ȻڵΨһԭֻһ
ҪҵһˣˣǸϵһˣΪʦһˣ
ҶͷֵһöϽɫϹ̫һѾףѾҵˣ
йʦһУʵϹ̫һҲǺΪսϵˣ
Ϲ̫һڴҶ棬ʵҶҲڴϹ̫һǰΪˡִϣͷµһȵʦǴһȵսĤݵĴ󽫾
Ҷһͻɴ󽫾ڵĹϵԭΪǴ󽫾ΪϵӢӵܡ˴󽫾ͷŹ⡣ŹϽֱͬһԴ
Ͻʦ¡ô󽫾Ź
Ϲ̫һҶ⡣һÿķӦôͨеĹؽڣȻ򵥡ֻˣҵŮʲôȹӣֱһѣ󣬼ֱһϹ̫һŮȻҪһܣ˵һӣһ֮ʲô
Ϲ̫һҶ⡣ΪƷǻۣǳ⣡ڣҶֻһǺǾҶ٣һ죬¡ֻʱ⡣Ϲ̫һɣ
Ҷ棬㻹û˵Ǹ˭ǸΪϧһеˣ˭Ϲ̫һ˵ʵϣҶ壬֪ˡǣΪȥΪҶ档ҪһԼŮصӣʲôģ
ڣˣ
⣡
Ӣ䣬ȣĻҪǣһظˣ
ҶǺ˵ǾҶһмˣʦǾ
ʱѾоԼƺЩ࣬ǻ˵һʱѾ˳ȥʱڴһ̲סЦ
Ϊס˵վҲǸˡԸԼ˼޵ֹطȥֹ˼䣬Ȼ뵽ʲôǸȹӣ˵ȥϵ壬ƺڻûлòᡭ
ڣϹ̫һش𰸣ЦݸҶִٵģһЩӵζ
ԭҵСѣȻôĶ¡ôҪԶˣǲǡϹ̫һδ˵꣬㱻Ҷϵ󽫾ˡ£޲ˡ
ŶΪΣ
Ϲ̫һװһģһ֪ҶɱǸȹӣ뿴Ҷ᲻Ʊ磬ɲϣҶȴ̹ܡʱ뿴Ҷ᲻ΪɱӶ¡
û뵽Ҷǵ£һȻģ
Ҷܾ֮أΪգŹȹӾȻҪȢ뿴ǹȹǺεɲϣȻ˴ʦǿ̣벻̣ĺˣôϾ󽫾ˡѾնɱϵ£
Ҷ˵ֱ׳ΪԼʦԼնɱʦص
Ϲ̫һʲô˵
Ϲ̫һĿҶ棬Ŀơ
ȻȻһӣվЦģ֮ΪʲôݣȻϹ̫һ飬ҽŮ޸ʵǻ֮ҵŮҪ޵µһȵӢźܣʲôӣôŮɱĺã
ɱĺã
Ϲ̫һҶ棬Ц棬Ҷ棬֪Ůϲ㡣ҲϲŮԲԣȻ㲻ΪɱˣһӣҲɱ֤ŮеĵλܺáǣղҲ˵ˣҵŮһҪһܣĶ֮սǰҾʹӦ㣬Ů޸㡣
ɺã
Ҷ⻰ȴǴЦҡҡͷ
Ϲ̫һɫʱһ䡣
ȴҶŵУµһõŮӡҶֻδ䲻ϿҪᣬͶһ
Ϲ̫һһ㣬ʱЦ
⻰ǵûҶĿԽϲҶ档ΪҲһˣһԼ޷ţóһ춯صĴҵ
ܺãҶ棬ҼסĻˡϹ̫һЦϯгϷ
ʮСѾıֵ꣬ȣһʮĴʱգȴϵӣʮʮʥҹǵѪΪΪҴ죡
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󽫾Ҫն⼸ʹ߼죬ɱ֮£Ҷ֪ʹУвеĽʦǽҹ̨ܽնɱԿ£
Ҷһ֣ȴ󽫾Եȣһȥȡ


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Ҷ˺ֵĻҡͷ΢ЦԭԼ棬Ǵ⡣ҶҲ֪˵ǶԵġֺų˽赣øʢԸΪҶģЩǰҪ߿Ҷһۡ
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ڰ˾  130 ̨һ壡
һЩˣǲΪ۹Ƶġ۱޶ԡԼʯֻֻԵԼ
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СѾͷŪָһһҶˣǵϴΣǸָл˫ܣһ硣һ˴Ҳ֪ʲôʱ˯ϧûдҹȻǴһ룬ҪǶӶˣôأ
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СѾͷǹЦѾߵѾȥˣһʱҲϲˣȥŪһй
δ˵꣬ǡʱˡһ죡
ᣡ
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ڰ˾  131 Źֵķ
һվ㽫˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥ
˲ΪҪȥҶһʤɵγʱףҪһһ̣ǸղҶһˣһʱʧ
һ̣ǵз·ʲôֺܾõĶȻ顣
ԭϣ㾪ž֮ʮͣ͵ֵϱһӡ˵ЩһӼʹڷܣҲϲԭţȴǱһʵ

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ʹЩݺɳĴ󽫣ʱҶģҲҪĴָ̾һ䣬ǣ
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ǷӡҶȻ뵽ʲô
ʲôѵӡң


ڰ˾  132 һһ
ģⱾݻһΪֶΡ
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ʹҶ浽ؾ磬ڷҲûжٵ˽⡣ʦͨ龳磬Ѿߵ۷ߣذݻķģҲֻһЩ˽⣬Լȴ޷ģ
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˵ڣҶ䱸ȫ£ԪĵϽɫԪȻ䱬һ磬죬ǺȻĻɽһ
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ڰ˾  133 ħչ
ˮϣҫ죬һ𣬻ɳ裬㽫мĮ̇Խӳ
Ҷֻ彣׾پɱ˶ԷˡԷ˸ոһǷҶƵ˾ڳܿģ޼󲿷˴ʱҶǼĸɴͰԵ
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ֻǴʱϹ̫һδ룬ȴҶؽһָȴȻ׼˵µʥ棡Ȼ棬ʱҲоһڻ棬Ҫ籡
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ѤöĿĽâ͵طײҪҶǵҡҡ׹Ͻɫܡ

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ʲô˵Ҷһʥļٵģ
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ƺҶĻ΢΢˵ͷһչ˫ᣬ㳯ڷȥҶ棬ĬĬس϶ȥ
ҶȥıӰУȻ뵽ʲô񣡸ոǸ˾Ҷ棡ҾȻûϳ̫ϧˡ


ھž ֮ս 135 ׷Դ
ɽɽǧبڴ౱һ·Ŷ󺣡
ŴѩĺɽкХѾ¡ǧ⣬ѩƮ
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Ҷʦǵ˷Ҷǰϵ壬ɽɽȥˡǰڴɽɽˣ˴ǡ
ɱ֪ǲܶ֡ǶˣǸǸŮˡŹǵġǾɽȻǿ㼸λʦȴĶ֡˷˷˶ߵ޷ޱȡ
ǡҶǰһɿ˿ڣȴֹ֪Լʦϲ໰
ȻƳһۣ˻ȥˣɫ΢תһЩ΢Цôżǲ֣ܶǣ˻ǶֵġǡãǷһ飬Ͱɡ˵ʵ̫죬Ĵţ˿˳ء֮սǰ˻ǵǵĺá


ھž ֮ս 136 ʦ
֮о޵Ӷǧһȡ
Ƭ룬һ޴ĺһм
Ķɣϡ
ƺƵʮ﷽Բڼ룬һԲʮĵ졮еĴ֮⣬µšɣ
ϣܿشֻΪÿڵ˺ܶ࣬ԣֻҲࡣ
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⴬ҡֵҲǶɵĵӣֻЩ˶Ϊ͵ȵŵӣƽʱֻЩһ壬һʶʱʦʦãܴһš
ʦʦ㣬ˣˡŵЦЦҡ˴
ԣˮģǶŮվڴڣɵñ˵һЩ˴Ĵš
ʦ磬˵֮ǰɻʥϢʦˤ˱ӡӢʮŮ˵˵ǰݣ¥Сϳ˿¥һǶ˼֣ƸһǧɡߣȴǲǰЩ귽ˡ
ҵ֪ġ˵ҶҲᾹȻ͵ʦ硣ؾؾصĲࡣǶ˿ʮ꣬˵ص۷壬ԭΪҲ׿Խˡȥһߣžã¼Ӣź֮ࡣȻ졣ֻǡҶ㣬;ʹôŵģȴ޼ЩĽ˵
ŮȴǴЦһʦҲԷƱʱءڣʦܹҲܵ硣ʱ򣬶֮սҲǿԲμӵġ䲻ʦǼаգһ棬Ǻõġ
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˵գâǣ

ʦʱΪһâԶĴǡ


ھž ֮ս 137 棬
֮أ޾Ĳԭءغûзָߡںһĺҹ翴Ǳڰһ
ǵҹرĿ죬ո̫ɽһ춼Ѿˡ
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ͬʱһڣҶȥ
һУҶʧټʵȴ쳣ǿ󣬻СĶԸΪոնԷƱԼѹƣԼռƣȴ·Ƿһ㣬Ϊ˷ܣҪԼҪ
ַӣΪ鷳
ԣҶˣ˵ʮ֮⡣


ھž ֮ս 141 սľǣδĻ
Ҷǰһһأ棬ÿһγֶǲ˶һһĸ֣ʱȻҲëͷһ󷢺
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һ޴İɫУҡżʮ׳ľβ͡

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ˣˮȤҶ棬ȻҲ⡣


ھž ֮ս 142 ƾԵ

ˮ䣬ʮŲԶӲӵţȴû˸Ҷһ
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ϣ׺Ҷ沢г·ţϣ׿ҶһۣҶԺ𣺡Ҷʦܣغ޷࣬ݼ꣬죬ʱ棬׵һα⡣ȴ֮⣬꣬ߣкеޣǳࡣЩ޵ʵ֮½ϵһЩޣײС
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Щӥˣûκη壬ΪҶϵǵĳޣʱһţǰ̵شӸ߿ոҶ档
ǵٶȱͼ죬ּϴӸ߿ոٵԵʣʱںϣ׵УЩӥһڵ绮գһҶ棡Щӥ๼ΪһԣܹߵɼǿĹ
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βܽеһҶѾתˡʱҪνİ뽣İϡȻһֱڳԣȴûгɹ
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ҶĿ࣬ǷޱߣʲôʱҲܹ־磡ͨΪ뷲סʲôүʲôүʲôͳ˧ֶǹƨҶ뵽ݺȭͷ
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ھž ֮ս 150 ྩǣˣ
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ָȻһץȻһγһצЩͻԴ档
ȻһһᡣѪɫĹΰһźɫǰ׻Դﱻ˳ǹѪɫ벻
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ƿ̨ͬ˿ûƾҸղһץؾµߣһҲֵסؾȻǰ벽߷壡۷徳磬¾֮ˡ֪ʦʮؾʵʲôӣѾȲˣ

޴Ĺ㳡֮ϣ޼ɵĴЦš
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ΣҾȥǸС춼磡˳㣬ҶʦܣɱˣҶ𣿺ôͷܲϲͷ
ҶϲüңʦֹͨǳҶȻûκη֮

Ҷһ·ضǻһ˼ҡһ꣬ҶʮˡҶҲѾʮˣޢ껪ѾԽˮˣԭͣѾ˵ýĿʼҪˡʹǲףҲġֻǣҶҸ֮ۡǰȴûж˸ס
ҶȻʲôŴ󷧣ȴ⸮ۡĶʲôˣع㿤ĽлңɽׯңһϵеĽ
ŵڣ˵ߣʮȴ󽫾¾ûиߵŵˣٿҶҵ˭
Ҷ棡
ǰһնɱʥƾһսȻڴ󽫾ǰӡ˼ңӵܲ䡣ͨ˼ңǿְɡңδȢãȻǰ׵ġ
нԴӾ⼸ӡʱʱϲáʱ跹˼ʱȴϲüҡǳۡ
һĻĻ˶֪ˡҪˡ
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ܵġѾʮˡȲȥġ
ǣǰ˶Ҷ潫ԼͷƵһʱҶȴƾʧһ
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Ҷڣ밲Լɹˣһûм󣬽ʣµ£ΪڵܾҪɱ¾ĥԼĽ
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ԴҶһѪħǿ߻֮󣬽޳Ĵ˵ǳ޽
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ܾ֮УʱţҶҲ֪ӹȥ˶áֻǸоԼɿĽšܾеԪʮҶ죬ԪŨ˵ֱá
³ŵӣԽԽ죬ҶԾܾ֮Ѱɱĥ⡣Ȼ䣬ǰȻѿǰ
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Ҷٳʱϵе˶ҶʱԽӳˡֻǣֳȴһֱǰܸоҶ̺Ŀֲ·ֻҪһɽӾҪ飬ؾҪɫ
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ƺ֪Ҷ룬˵һ·ϣΪ㽲ֶͨΡѾﵽ˰ؾ۷壬ʱ˽ͨ龳ˡ

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ھž ֮ս 151 Զ
ϵٶȼ죬һ·ྩǣҲǼʱ͵ϣȴҶҪ֪һЩϢĸҶ棬ǰ׼
ĶҪôһƮǵѪƷɣһְԾµĵ⵶˵ɱ¾ƮǱûжϵɱ֮أ¾üɽկ֮أֱԿħͷѪֻһʽһ¾ɱ¾ıɱħͷɱ¾͵ĵԲСʵͷŴС
ڶˣҪעǶɵļֹӡˣṦڹΪǵšҶɴں⣬ѶϢͨڴ˵ľϢҲ˽ⲻҶԶɵ֪ڰһãĶһںԼСǶ书ص㡣ɵĵӣһԪҲΪͬ
ˣֻҪעһЩСһѿնʵֻ̫Ҫȳ֡Եסһԭһ˿Ը鷳ȻµġǣṦҲѾ㡣
ڵˣ˵֮Ȼ󣬵ǣʵȴġ˾ϽȸǵˡҪעġΪӲɱˡǶ֮սϣûɱ˵ľģôܵһ㣡Ҳ֪ȸǵô̵ӣĺƾΪܹķ𣿿Ц
һһ˵ҶĽͣԺйճԼ֡
ȴˣһζ֮սкް˵֡ЩˣΪʣԶ㡣㲻ö⣡һΣǶ޷ʲôãһΣӲ˵ˡЩˣǰʮҲԷġʦֺͶʦ㣬ΪɨƽϰġҪģǣΪʦһ
Ҷ濴Ͷ˶ƺʲô˵ע⵽Ҷı飬һЦʲô£ʦǰõʲô
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ˣȴǹЦŸҶ棬˵϶ֶΣǣֶΣ϶ֺγõ˶٣¶Ц⣬Ҷһ֣㵽ڻ𣿡
ӲסҶʵش
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ϵдûκοƣƾԼǰС׵ԪᣬʲôʦСаֶΣֶμΪƣȴ޷־á
Ҷ϶ʱһ˿Ȼԭˡ
ˣһֻ֣ˡûʲôõģΪĸӣΪмϵΪѾȲ㡣ʦ֣һʲôš棬츳Ƕ˵ʵǰʮȷû⡣ҪȴҲ롣
ڣµģҸոᵽˡ⼸գʱѪӦζ֮ս鷳Ҳö롣˭ڹ赲ǣҾɱ˭С춼磬һҪʦ
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ңྩת˲ѵҶ˳
֮⣬ྩѲߵʿѾյĲԡһִڵʿ㿴ʲô׹᲻Ҫྩ𣿡
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ǽ̧ͷһۣȷصġɫʣϮɫһƸǶС⸱ģһǴͨǿ߸μӶ֮սˣңϵʲôޣǿԷģ½䱸
ʿˣŽɣѾѽ䱸ˡ
һСģˣԼ鲻ŵʵ֮սʼྩǸ·֡ǰգȸǵʱ򣬼ֱ˿ʱǼִڵģɶȸǵĻ˸һվǷˣƣվǲȡ̫ˡȴ֪Ĵˣһλ
СᵽǽʱɫŹ⣬Цý֪ϵϵʦͨɵġȻ壬ǣȴڱµԷڼһһֻؾޡʱȫ
ԭ˾ȻĴڵӣֲýΪ˸ǿǰЩ߾дȣ˿Ƕǰʮġʿ׷ƨ
߾µһǿиҳƽģΪ붼ؾܹǰʮʵȷС
Ҳᵽһ㣬Ҳǫ飬ֱ˵ʦǰǸԷΪڵӣҵùʦָ㡣⼸ָ㣬档·
ܱߵʿ׷׶˵޵У׿Խܵõʦһﴹ࣬ˣʦһ۵ġ˲ŹĨǵʵ˿֪ʦһǴʲôǰμӶ֮սģǸһζ֮սÿһдĵʡ֪ϢģҪЯСǡ
ǽش⣬ȴЦһ漴ˣ֪л˫𣿡
ôԵ޹ʵл˫أЩʿǶЩͷԣʱҲֻ֪ܵл˫ͷܴ߾˲֪ġ
ͷܴ󣿺٣˵Ĳͷȷʵܴǰոս쾳磬߾һ壬һսǣһϣǵʦָֽģϧȴ֮ڰһֻص߾⼸꣬һ֪Ϊʲô
ǰʱգҲھǰʮǳնġʵҵĹƣѾ˰ؾʦˡܷǸʱȴҡͷ̾˵ܡ
¾˾ˡЩʿ׷׾òܡ
ʲôл˫߰ˣȻԼ˵Ķ֣
ǰ׻л˫ѵʵһôܣл˫ѾﵽʦˣѵѾΪ벽߷½𣿡
Щʿ׷׶ʵһʿȻʵˣ˵˭˲μӶ֮սС˾Ͱȫ۶ѹӮһ·Ӯȥʵһ㣬ֻҪ䣬СͿڳׯˡ
ƺ뵽ʲô˼˶סϢȴŽ˵Ĵ𰸡
ãֻּᶨĵУҶ棡

ǡʱͷϣϵٶ
һеĮĿ̵ͷЩһͷϣǿһ˳裬һдһ˿ѪɫؽڱĿ˼Ǹˣ̩ͬɽһΡ룬ȣ߲ʡ
˾Ҷ𣿡
Щʿԭأþòܻãž̾Ȼᡭ
֪ʱҶ֣¼ѾˣҹĴ˵Ҳ汾ʧ˼֮˶ѾˣǰʱǸˡЩ˵ӡУѾҶ浱һѾã漣ǰޡֵˣҶ棬ԺԶֳһĮȻ׳ģ
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ھž ֮ս 152 Ҳ䣡
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һţܿ͵ྩǵһߴլԺſڡ󽫾Ϲ̫һྩǵıԺ
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Ҷһǿѹ·ѪսȭͷҧгݵĵʦġӲġֻҪӲһڣ;䣡
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ϣףſңƻ
ϣ׺ٺһЦҾǲţô
㲻ţҾͺ񣡡


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޴·вڽ̨Լǰһɲ֮䣬۾ʱŷ̨֣ΧĿռ䣬ƺȫղŴ濴ǰС
Ҷ̨󲻾ãͷԼһƬԭ֮С
ͣĽƣԭĿݲϣĴããȻһƬԭ֮䣬·ûֻһˡָоҶ˵Ĳ
ֶΣҶоޱȡ澹Ȼһ磡ʮɷ̨ԭȻһռ䣡ʲôֶͨΣȻССʯ̨ϣһ򱶴Ŀռѹһ
Ҷʮɷ̨ռڲãĶ棬Ӱһһǵ۵ˣǰ
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ˣһ°ˣòΪ䡣ǴСɳĻ̫ԽڿʱЩĿˡ
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ʱҶͨһؽȻˣڹӵģȫʲôʡٿҶĿΪҶûм棬ΪǱŵˡ
뵽˴̲סЦһһڳֱָҶ棬νĵͬȼĶֽ֣òҲýԼű֪ǰ˭¡ҲҵĶ֡һûж֣Զɡ򡭡
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Ҷ޶ԣǱԼĽŵɵѿͣʼ΢Ц
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ǣ̨ڣЩߵı鶯˵ֻҪҪ۲죬ȻԿһҶ棬ˣֹӣƷɽ̨ʱ˶Ŀⶢϡһž⼸ˡ
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һ𿴿Ǹ˭֮ǰƺû˵ôһ˰УΪʲôҶ滹ûг֣ѵڼɵʲô𣿲ڰɣ֮սϣǼλѾѾõŵ״ӣ˭ֵҶע⣿
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ԼǧģĸˣֱͶСʱӦĺúõģôʱƫƫͷɵءˣһǸСӣûԼĻ
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սѪұΪǻľսû뵽Ȼǰˣ


ھž ֮ս 156 㣬
Ҷ棬ƷɣһڰΪɫĵӣʮţʮ֮ʹﵽʦ۷塣һǱƮǵΪɫĵӡŶǵһȵţȴ֪ķӸ㣿
˵ƷɱԣѪʽʽԵޱȣÿһʽ֮ܽǰһʽӣɱӣ˵ھʽʽӣֱʮص˶ҪһУͽʮҶȻǰܴʧ꣬޻ȴǲ֪ʵ˶١ˣ֪˭ǿһЩ
̸ЩģǼУĿԶһСֻҶƷɣ˶һһΪ貵ţЩ飬׼
ʱǲɵڣܴЩϿһЩϸ
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һڼףװɺڼ׾ǰһĶߵү˾Ҷ档
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ƷɵɱܼΪңʱ类УιǶѣѪȾһءдŭһɸߴİóֱӸʬˡʿǰܶʱȴżȻǰܵĶһɫĽơϼһžѧƷպµ̡
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㱼䣬Ҷƺǧ˲٣ǰӳ˳ɰǧѪɫϢ
ƷһѪɫĵڳ֣ȻȻҪһ㣬˷ҶΧȥǺеǧΧɱһ
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ҶվԭأͻȻУһĿǰѪɫԼһؽͬȻһ֣

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Ϊ򵥵һѾ˿Խ⾿ߵʲô硣
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һ񵭵ЩҶ̫ˣһ̣һҲһ̫ӵ¸̲סһ°޵ÿ죬׼úݵĽҶ棬ֻҪܲܶһ¶Ҫɨƽ



ھž ֮ս 157 Ѫ񵶣
ȻֻһΣЩ۹˾ѾҶȷʵʵϱƷɸ˲١ʱҲûֱӾͶ϶ѪƷɱɣ
߽֣ͬսɱʵᣬȱһɡĺãǿʤҲǿܡңƷɱӹˡѪʽǿʤĵ䷶
һһ󺣳ˮϵĳӡ⵶ƣһʩչֻܵʩչȫ;޷Ͽ룬ҶʵֻӲ⵶ҵƷֱնɱ
Ʒɵĵ֮ܳҶؽҲضáǣĵȴǳ졣ĳߵĳȣĵڲϵҪͻǳߡңڴʱΪ˷ֹжѣڽӽձĳһ㣬ᾭϸĴһЩϲϣԱ֤ǿȡǣƷѵȴǲͬ
ĵԽǰԽ󣬺ҲԽ󡣶ңĵǳѵǳĹ졣̵ֲζ
˲֪ĵΪʲôʱĵȫʩչŷ֣ƣȻȫΪĵġ
ǰֱΪᣬΪչԣĵȻһ࣡ƾССƱ仯Լ⵶֮Уȫˡءʹһ̣ڵľϣȫҶһ˿һ
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Ҳ֪ԼΪšֻǣһ뵽ҶȫѪ̨ϵһֻ̣ĶҪˡ
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ġѾĿȥˡ
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΢΢סһӣȻɴ۾²ȥ˺üĿס̨ϣ


ھž ֮ս 159 £
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һˣһƤߣޱͨ壬һ̣ȻǣӰѵԼУںһꣿҪħһطҵΪһܹٽһֱӿ֮ţһˣֵ̫ˣ
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ھž ֮ս 160 ನ
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ҶһӣȪ֪ҲĿˡһսҶѾ̫ӵºøСӵ̳мλԹ쾭ġҶԴӵ֮λû֧֣Ҳ᲻ˣ˳
ҶѾֻҪΪٽһնɱҶؾλ¼˭ҲסҪǣܹߵһʲôĵز
ҶǼ壬ӦƲҶóϵĺתϵ϶뷨мλļģѾŸ˼壬ϣǰˡΪٴڿҶܹĸʵ̫ˡ
Ҳֶ֪֮սÿʮһΣçصĺܣʵ̫ˡңԭ¼ߣҲᱻСܾĽɳܳӳȡ
ԣ֮սԽͻԽı̬֣ͨ벽߷徳ĸҲ˵׼
̨Ȩǵ뷨̨ϲμӱȶ߶ֻ֪Ҷʵ̫ǿˣңҶִӲҲǸоֻšҶ潻սƺֻܡһԼɱһɱԼȻߵĿԴĶࡣ
Ҷսƺûʱ
ƺԼ˽֡ΨһһΣʱոսڣл˫һս
һս֮ǰѾ֪л˫˭ǣʹ֪л˫ԼǿԾʤǿڹؼʱת˾ơһս֮󣬲࿴Ҳһգؽɾ֮
ʱ򣬲룬һûдؽʲôӣ
ʵĲпڣԶЧ
Ҷʵ̫ǿˡִ顣ҿɲң˴ζ֮սĽһĽС춼磬Ϊ֮⣬ڶʮĽֻһЩһЩҩ߷ֶȻ࣬Ҳȱ١ΪֶμӱȶʵڲֵãҲգҲ˳ȶɡҵδز
뷨ľǸղŹۿҶһʵЩˡ
ʱ򣬸оԼ᲻ģ½½ģв˳˱ȶҶλʦʦ㣬ڿҶȻǿƣҲԼνıݻеˡЩԭԼҪԸˣʱѾΪҶһˡ
ϣЦЦСан𲻻ʦ֣ʦ㣬ǷΪСʦܱݻġأСΪԼһΪպϡȻ᲻һһǸǰʮҲǴ´ġ
ϧϣ̾Ϣһ֡Щ˾Ȼ˳ˡＸˣƺֱӽǰʮˡСܲȱ֮ģʦǡȶƺûʲô˵ˡԣСҲ˳ˡ
ѵྩһˣҿҪȥǻδߺúúһơʦ֣Ըͬ
𲻻Ǹӣ۾С⻰С۾ȴȻŷɣϲȻҪһȥҿǽ𲻻о仰ô˵ţӻͷ𲻻ҽ𲻻ǸӣһͷˣҲǽ𲻻ȻһȥøղΪ˲αӵķЩӸ硣ͿǼһֵġƽױʦҼӡ
ǴʦֿҪ͡ϣЦŵ
𲻻ԼǷʺţЦǵȻǵȻһȥ棬ȻʦָǮʦֵֿǽн𲻻ɢƺ𲻻˵ľҰǮȥģһط˲٣ʦֻ𻨲þˡ
˵𲻻Ȼס첻˵ˡ
С۾ƳһԵСаյȥ˻¥Ⱦƣʦãȥ֪ģǵطʺŮȥ
Саüͷһ壬漴ﲻݣױұˡ˭ʶң
˱˾ޱȵȻȥ˶۾ɻ󣺡˲Ҷʦʦôʦǻ˵ȥ¥ȾƳԷ
Ȼ֮ˣֻΪһս֪֮ҶȻܴ̼˵һ仰ĿܾǶȥһطһҹҶˣ

ʱһ޴ɫѾˡһıȶˡ񣬶̨ʣµֻа˻ûȥ˽μӱȶ쿪ʼ֮սһֻȶһ֡ҪһҪ֡Ҳ˵֮սҪٽ졣
ȶѾҶ㲻ټڶ̨ϣؽĬĬش̨
ʱߵޱȣһȫȥʱȴԵõ͵
ǣʱô͵ߵĶ߶˵˽ΪѾһս֮£
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Ϊһֱϰ˱ٲμӱȶʣµİ˵У˺ͼֹҲȷʾֱ
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˵ҵϵӵܣ
˭˵ģǰĳӵǺ֮λˡң˾ٽڣʦ࿴һңͱҶɱˡ
Ŷԭˡ̲֮꣬սϣһˣ̬һ˿
˵ЩʲôҶȻˣȴشʲô˵ЩʲôӰ첻ǿԼģһս˭ںʲôĳܹôĴ
ⱲмˣһǾһԼʦ


ھž ֮ս 161 ն
䣬ϡɫѾˡ
Ǿ³ţÿһȵѽڡ
һ죬ǵǸ߼ڵӡһ죬ҶرζԣգŻһս֮󣬿Ʋסֱ̬ӽеԹޣɱ¾֮⣬ȫ
ɫѾˣƳϣҶȴԾϽԷС
Ժ뿪ʱƻ߰㣬ʱȴֶѾʰɾˡֻЩĻǲһֵ֮ġһ̣ϽԷֻ԰Ľա
뿪ʱֻ֪Ǵ󽫾ӵܣǰμʮһεĶ֮սŷеӢſܡֻӢſܻྩǡ⿡֣ܶ⼸գʵǶЩˡ
ʲôֻҪһ࣬ϡĶҲͱûмֵˡЩеѾۣоʿǣûнҶ浱һ¡ǣʱȻûκα仯ΪƷɵսЩˣЩǱǣ˿ĿѾ˾޴ı仯˳ݣ
ȹһྩǵĴʱһ̣ȫǶˡ
ֵྩȸ֡ףʹ˻ʱ³Уˣ棬ҲԵӵǽ죬Ҷ̤ྩŵĵһȸΧסˣˮйͨ
ΧסˣŮΪ
һӢ۵֮ǰε£ֻҪһΪֻҪһսôӭģһʻ˵ġ
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˵֮ǰʱѾȫ˲֪ʻζ
һУ뵱ݳڣһǶɵĸ֮Ǻεȵƣ
ֻǣʱǵط¥ǶЦΪģΪӢźģȻʲôֶҲˡɽգȴྩǡ
Ǵ꣬Ƶྩǣ
ǣһжûбҶСգһսȻսʤƷɣ˿ȡһʱ⡣µĶнӽһ˱ʾֻҪֱͶ
ǣȴһĪĿֻš
иоߺ죬ƷɸĶ֡
ǰ˸У׻˭ܶҲвҶϥϽԷһ̨֮ͤУĿһսľԪƷɵѪ񵶾ʽʵ̫Եһľ˲ơ
ҶϽԷбĿϽԷ棬̫ӵ½˶ǧʱǧȫעȫװϽԷ棬֮£ʹһֻӬҲɲȥ
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Ҷ۾ͷϺ·϶մʪ¶ˮ΢΢תһȫˡ

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Ѿָˡ첻֪ʲôĶ֣
գƷɵѪ񵶾ʽĳʵֳ̫ϵģϵġ
һսࡣ
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ܲһںϣ
ҶԾԾԣ뵽㿪ʼͼϵ罣͡׽ں
ϵ罣͡׽ǾʽУʽΪĽУÿһʽȴиԲͬ⾳ϵ罣뽣ٶϵ磬ʱҪѸޱȣҪޱȣҪ˸Ӧʱ䶼ûСҲΪʲôϵᱡ¼Ŀӡ׽ǽԵơһɱƣƻֺ꣬˿ɵ
ֽ෴ġһ˵ںϣϰֽͬʱˣԼĽײ࣬˵Ϊᵹˡ
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ϼᣬڿʼ¶΢Ц漴ϲԽ嶼Ϊ˶ʼ
ģģȻûʦʧʦ޷򣬱Ը㡣ĻɾͶޣ޷Խʦÿ˵ǲͬģʦ֮ǰʦ㡣Ѿʦ֮·ʦֻܸ㽨顣񣬲ˡ㾹ȻѾϵľѧ
ܣ˽Բʦˣ֪ûáԲʦҪ֮ϵ֮ʦϵɱ֮ȴƵ֮··Ȼƣв࣬ǧ֮ʦ㣡
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漴һƬѤõϽɫâ͸âʼƤƣʹƤһ財壬γҶķ֮ǰ
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һ̣ҶͷϽѣоԼ̨๬УƺǱһһСڡͻͻҪӿ
๬裬ͨ飡Ŀһ۾ͿҶͷ䡣ֻһֽȥˡҶʵվûдﵽǸ㣬ʱ޷ͻơ
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һϵ˫顣ұһΪն
ҶסؽʱɫѾԶȵƵ
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ң˵֮սֻΪȻΪ游͸ױѩޡ¼˭֪游ԩˡ游һԱͽϧˣûУȴԼ˵ҶΪ㹻ԺǰǱ𣬶Լļλʱȫ¿³һңѡ
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һӺһѪģ˭᲻ϣ˵ˣʵҲǿǡעǵıȶȷʵʵܲҶ棬ء
˭˶Ҷ棬ҲһЩĿصˣܹʣ°еظ֡
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ϣǴʹޣͣأΪʲôΪʲôûпңһֱԼȥǼ¥ϿǿһʹӦˣû뵽ǿСʦˣŮ˰Ů˰
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ʱϣͻȻ˼ֻ޴ӥޡЩ棬мӵܴ棬ÿһﶼһǧﾵԴϸ̨ϵ龰
ϰ˳ȵܣطãǶȺõĵطͱ˺һɶˣЩӵǲмһƽȥģԼȴδܵõʲôõλãǱ㶯˼еķޡ
ۿʱ쵽ˣܵȺȴԽˡֻаˣྩһľˣ߾ʦҲɳ˴ά
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Ҷĺ硣Ҳǰ硣˱֪ҶѾʱԼѹˡıȶɵĺܣҲκεġˣʱѾˣֻҪҶֱͶ
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ȴҶȴĵͷȷǣҲ֪˭ԣʦʦʦһҿһ˭
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һߣΪΪȴͻơһߵľΪͨ龳磬ʵܿͻͻƵͨ龳硣䣬䣬ָľɱ䣡
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ǣҲ԰ȫˣһȶҲûпûпȶҲˡһȫ˳ǿһˡڵʣµˣֻҶ桢壬Ǹˡ
ôǿѵҪһֿǸֿյˣʹֱӽ𣿡
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λֵ˵ĲҲҶֿոԵùƽһ㡣
˵򣬲˶ҶֿӦġټ̫ӵ£Ҷ棬ȻĻͲóȻĽ趫ԻҶ
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ϢһųЩԭΪҪ°ܻȥİǷ׷״ϲ
̫ˣΪ쿴һȶһЩʧû뵽̫ӵ¾ȻӢȻ֮ǰԣɽգֱ˶֣˶һڲ֪ԭǵʵҶ١ĸֶսһʮ־ʣ
֪᲻ҶƷһսôĶǣ
ڴѡ

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ԭҲǽ֣һ˫֮ǰĶֿ̫ûбʹ
Ǹ᲻֪õʲô
˿ᡣ
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ʲô
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ħĸ֣ɫȻ䣬Լıǲܱ˿ģʹЩ֮žİ벽ǿߣֻҪԼѹϢҲܱǿ
ɵ꣬ôܿ
С𣿡
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ݡ
սꪻƳգкȻһ˵Х
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ǵɫĹâҫޱȣһһȼŽɫĻ棬ٵĳȥ

˫ǰһһ񽣣ǰսꪶײ˲䷢һ貵Ĺâ
̲סȻһꪴɢ
ôᾹȻôǿôܣ
пХս֮һӰգ䡱һս롣
ת£ԣһսһ
ΣߴͦΣ
ң˵һν־;춯ء

ǿߵĵһζԻ·ع˷ܡ
Ŷ֮սսʲôͶʲôȨ˸μӶ֮ս
󾪺󣬱һž
ˣʱȻһ˿еֻҰݴжԼǲͣεط
˫սꪷҶ˫Ŀ磬˽ֵḶ֪́ΪΣԤУ죬ǳͻƿڽգ


ھž ֮ս 164 񹥻
ᣡ
ÿһĽӡ̨ĵϡ
ᵽʲôˣôо޴ѹǣȴǶԼʵġѾͨľ磬ֽױĸ֣УǰҲﵽ磡
һ̨̤սꪻһսбǰ
սꪽۡ᱾ģǸ꣬ɴʱסսꪣ˵ƾͱüΪĿҰְң
Сıһ࣬ʲô㲻֪ϵĳζ𣿴һ϶̨ҾųˡЦ㻹ΪԼεĺܺáڣϽ뿪ҿˡȻ
սȻһһɾ޴ɢսγһֵĹһĲֲһ˿ֻܵˣ
ʱоһذԴԱһ޴Ĵ죬𵴵Ҫ衣
ߣ֪˰ɣЦţһһȥÿһһ¾һۡȵߵǰʱѾܵ˾޴ѹͨ龳ľҲоһ˿
ҵģһɱ㣡屻ƵʮҪ˳˶̨о֮ϴŭ
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ں֮Уƺϵڱ仯š
һƬֻ̨ĺУƺžžʲôħƿǿĽƣ䡣
ᣬˡ
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ѵ
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ȻǸı鲻ٵüͷƺڽʲôʹࡣ
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ھž ֮ս 165 ׵Ĳ룡
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սꪵֶʼˣ
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깥깥һȻͨ깥ʵС
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ܹ깥ˣҪ㹻ǿ󡣲Ȼһ깥Էסͻ׵طɣԼˡ깥ͬǿ١
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ϧٵʮ꣬ԴΪͻƣôﵽĳɾͣӦܸһ¥ڣߣһССȻҵǰֱ֪
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壬ûõġκֱۣҲһССȻսᣡ˵Ц쳹أصڿտĽ⡣

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׵ӦþְĽϡһɱ¾һʲô֮ľƪ𣿡
пܣ
ҶסȭͷѾ˼İա


ھž ֮ս 166 ʤ

ϣȻһĴЦЦһδκĹԽԽٶԽԽ졣
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ˣֻ·ŬصԼܹͷۿѵһֵսʹˡŨܵıꡣҲԶս
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Ҷϵս˵սΪңÿһײܿˮһײ˵ĸγһ޴մ
ÿιо񹥻ôأһζֻԽԽή١ڵʲôأ
Ҷ浱ȻΪڵȴᡣʱıѹƲʲôʤߣᡣҶȻ֪Ϊʲôǣ϶ʤǰͬһᣬܻ෴Ǹ壬ǰһԶʹ壬Ҳᱻûǣû֡
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ЩĿ塣һΣȷʵҡ֮Ѿʮ׼㲻ҪΪ¼䣬ֻᾫ񹥻ľ񹥻˵ʵ˲һ˿һֱֻΪҵľָ
Ϊ˻ָĵ𾪡漴б²һʲôСһľҲᾫⲻܣֻǸ࣬ңͲŶҶ滹ҪСôܱǿôܵסҵĹ
ǰδеĳشоԼ֪Ѿˡ
֮Уνţ϶츳ǿߡǿ޷ѪлԵħȻǿޣȴҲ¼һޡ޵壬츳ͨԱģħǧ츳ǿѪӽħôһʮࣿ
ܣɱҵģ
״񲣬ۼ׳˸٣һβͲϵĴÿһĴ򣬿޴ΪѾͨ飬ѾǵΪһˡǰ;ޣô

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˵һɱ㡣㺦ˣϧֻһħлữҵԸΪҵʮ죬һƥϧڵ㣬ģʵ̫ˡ
ʱı鼫Ϊ棬˵Ļȴ弸Ѫ
ģ̫ˣ
Ϊͨ鼶ĳǿޣ˵ģ̫
ᣬȻŹңô׼ͬھɣ
ȼ˰ɫâҲͬʱȼ˺ɫâɫɫΪ졣
һɣ
飡飡飡
ϣðŵѪЩѪڽȼյĺڰ׻֮СЩԽӵʢˣ
˿£սһٵĽӽ塣
Ķǵûκη壬΢Ц
Ҫƴˣܺãսꪷʽ֪ܳŵڼʽҿı°ɣ
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ڽ֮еᣬһ̣νĿ
һ̣˶ǳеսꪷʽʲôģ
䣡
ʱͻȻˣµ˻һҫ۵Ĺ߳塣
һʽ
Įһȡ
оһꪵܿռ䶼У㲻ˡѣ־ͷ
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һ˫סԼĹⰵѽɫâͰɫâ˴˵ִ͡죬ɫĿᣬھıУһ
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һꪽطƣܵĿռȫһ̣ռ伱ѹֱӳѹһꪣĸо·ضһ
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ˡ
µĽײ·ؼͬʱҲ˿µǴñ궼бƮܵĲľҶ
սֵꪳĵطһ֩һĿռ䲨ɼսꪻеĵطΪģ˲䴫ݿȥ˼׵ľ룬ڿУɫģһ˿˿Ĳۣһ̣ռ䣬Ȼһ֮£ʼ飡
Ӵսꪵ˲䣬ϵĳѾһֶȥתţԸ߿տٵĵ䡣һ˵ϡ
ս˳ƣֱԴϡ
˲䣬Ѫ֡
ӱͷβ룡
壬
ڼˢˢˮ嵴֮䡣
һ̣ȴˮȫһƬš
˲֪ã뱬һ޴Ļ
һꪣֱӣȻҶľǰƮݣҲҶѿնǰ㽣ԻͣǣʮԱռʵ𺳣
ע⵽ûУոĳ֩һĿռ飿
Ҳˡ֪˺ѿռڰؾǿ߾Ѿ⡣ǣҪռ飬ȴѶˡҪ
˵˺ռֻһôôʹÿռ䷢֩һı״ͬһѿӡеĲ࣬ν󣡡
ڣѾԽԽڴĶԾˣ
ǰҲǡ;ú˷ܡ
Ҷų񣬽ۻ룬ƵޱߣᣬսһԵƥ˭ǰᱻӲ飡
˵ۣҶûзϡԼԼ
Ǿؾͨľ硣ܹսʤ壬ʵ϶Ҳھؾϣ
Ҷ֪ԼʵĿǰ˵ᡣոյսһ޴ѾоԼ̨๬账Ҫƿˡ
ᣬҾԲ䣡
֮УҶؽתȥ


ھž ֮ս 167 ƣ
Ѿͣˡ
һһֻһ¶Ⱦ½˺ܶࡣ
ʱѾ˰ǣྩ཭ۿڣﲻĴബ཭Ǵ۹ڵᴩ½æϢ
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μִˡ
ڼװʿ񣬶ִ˵ʱȴ¥Ҳһλ񻣬ȴɴŮӡһϮɫĹװǽеҶϧ
ˣϹһ˿ӵĵǣ壬죬Ǿսˡҵġ
˵ͷЦŮһۣͣο㲻̫ġ·ϲѾ˵оգѾˡսģһС䡣ľˣӮáȻ󣬱Ϊھ£һȺʱ׼ˣż˰ɡ
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Ҷǰ뿪овõԤСҲ˺ߺ˵ĵЦžͳ¥ʼྩǶǰˣǴ󽫾Ļ֮еĸ֣Ǹظֻ֣֪֣óޣ룬Ǵġ
ǣҲ˲ĵЦ
̾һΪΣеǵСԭǶôɰôõһ鰡ΪһӾȻöƸϣʹĪһˡҺûһԼ԰εŮˣȻ;鷳
ʱ¥˸ۿڣѾʿȥ׼һУɢȺ̿˵·
ִˣѾźˡųŻûйرգǸϿǰɡѾˡҶ湫ʱס̫ӵѾǧﻤʦκ˲ýӽǲǡ
ִһӣ֪ˣȥɡǲȥȥû׼һ¡ǾļҡྩǣȥҶ棬ʱƺȥҶ棬ȻҪȥ
ǣˣʿǰȥ֪ͨ
ϰϰ˹ããˮ¶˾ģǾսˡҽ첻ȥˣ̨ϣұһͬɡ
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վڼװ御ͷָң΢紵ķңһ㶯ˡԱߵһЩصսʿĶˡǶ֪ǸһסʮʥҶ档ҲֻΰӣϾľˡ
Ҷ棬һҪӮ
ŶƻͨྩǡǴĵطҲŵĵطҶӮˣֵĺҶˣҲҪ̬Ҷ빲

ԶϸྩǵϢƬ̣ѾྩеȨ֮䴫ݿˡϢͨһЩͨգҲ˵¡֮սһս˵ֻһ΢Ĳ
ǹĵһսҶսĽ
˶Ѿߵ۷壡
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ѪƷɹǿɣɣҶĽ£ֻһͷβҶֻһ
Ҷ˶ڷһǿߡ֮һսʱ䣬ܶݡǣʵĳ̶ȣһԶļս
˶ǿǣĿǰྩǸײĲУ඼ΪѾսʤͨ龳ȡʤϾƷǿҲͨ龳硣ҲΪľؾ֮֡䣬ʹһ㣬ʵսȴر
ǣ˭ʤû˸ұ֤
ϽԷ
ȥĽ䱸ǿ߼κˣûҵķԸԲȥҶ棡
ϽԷߴǺܿʹ죬ֻǼǿϽԷķҹ׼һ˿ҶȻԲɱˣ
Ѿŵ˼㣬ÿ·СģŽţȹգҷκرЩѾҪ·ϽԷʱԶʮ·ҲҽӽϽԷ벽
ϽԷУҶؽʱޱȵƽԤУҹͻƿһƿ̨๬裬
ʱֻǲϵ趯ؽûκη򣬾ôǳ趯Ž
ƷɵѪ񵶾ʽһʽһʽϵӡһ˻ӽõսƱҪԼʮ㣬޲һӾͽնɱǣĵȴʹ߷ڶ
ڶһӡȻȫӣȴ㣡
ǼΪֲġӾܷӳԼǿʵһǼȥ˵ܳԼȫˡ
ĵû̺κεķ塣ٶϵӡٶȱһ˫ģֻҪ취ٶͿԡһڵогʱٶȣɣгֵʱо˼£м䣬һǰ
ƷŵΪϰ׵ѾʮˡʮҪѧϰּɣҲҪһζ֮ս֮ˡһʱ䣬ʹұƷһٱҲܳɹ
ʺͻƣؾ谭ǿȡ⼸գҵһֱͻ๬ơֻǻһ˿򡣵һ˿رҲżԽżԽܳɹ侲
Ҷʱȥһ˿ʲô죬Ƕ֮սľսҲΪؼһսһʱͽŵĲ֪ʲôˡǣҶȴĶˡһ̣翣ĸо
֪ˣԼһŬ˳õĽҲ֮ɢǴʱȻȫЩôڿտϽԷУؽʲô룬ֻǵ


ھž ֮ս 168 Դܣ
Ҷû˴š
ϽԷ⣬Щϸ񡣵ǣʱ䳤ˣȻиҲЩȤʱѲߵĻʼ࣬¶ǹ˭ʤ˭
һ˵Ҳ֪ᵽ״ðġǣָоıȶһܾʡһߵľơǸʵǿǣƺֻٶȺͼɷ棬Ҷ湫ӡ
һ˵ͷͬ˵ûҲôΪġҶ湫Ӻų񡣽ڱȶ̨ϣƺľ񹥻һȻ˵¾񹥻ǣʵľӦȱݵġǣУƺǺľҶ湫ܹͻƵͨ飬ľа˳ɰտԻʤ
Ҫ޷ͻأʵ
룬Ҳȷֻ㲻ĿˡǸսؾ壬ǿżȻġʵӦҲǷǳӽؾġֻΪԲûͻơ㿴Ϊǳġ
Щ˵ͷϽԷСǶϣֻз紵
ƺһжڵ
˶Ǿʾ֮ʮһȵĶ֮սߵ
ľ˭Ҳûа˵бʤİա

ʱȥƺһĨǰףɫˣʱľҪʼ
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նںϣǣҽֻγӽһȻ˲٣ǣϲûʲô𡣡
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ôܷʱأ
ҶһЩˡ
һҹ轣ǵûһİ壬Լ֮ǰ·˻ɡȥľܵħɡ⼸գò׽ԼħɱѹȥǴʱٳ֣ǾҪȫˡ
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նںϵ׵͵Ƕ߸ںϡǣһ棬˵Ĵڡһܹںϣ
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ҶĿһ䣬еĽһתȻΪģһɾ޴ķƿʼХҶĵԽԽԽԽӿϽԷУڿ֮Уᡣ
绹ڼ
ԽԽ󡭡
ԱԴ֮Ϊؽеɱ¾Ѫ飬ΪԴһԪţ䣡
״Ԫն
Ҷһ˲䣬ԼٶȵƲ֮СȻһŭХҶϣȻһϽɫ籩ռ俪ʼģģһĻ
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Ҷȫ⿴޵Ľâ⽣âɫϽɫͬˮһѤâڿ̵ֱ棬ʱıһöìһ޵ıռ֮еϸСϰâҲ졣
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ϽԷеһֻ̨ͤһһɺƵľ߷ȥ
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ε罣һ˲ۼ
ʦ˵ͨ׸ʮںϽԵ𣿡
ãʲô
ʱҶԺеԴľѣҶľڿ̽ЩԴ֮мصĶ
ֻǣҶľһ̽룬ʱһ񱩡ıŰϢֱӸҶ澫ӴˣҶ濴޾Ѫ죬ʬ壬ޱߵİ׹ǡǵıŰϢֱҶľ㣬ֱӷֱ͸Ҷꡭ
Ѫɫգ޴ɱഩŽ貵սʿ˫ֳֵѪ졭ҵսʹ޾մƬƬ飬˵Ĵһ֮±
޾ħչ޴ĳ򣬶˻Ǿ޴ǿա
һħսĻϢ
ȻʱҶһ߿һǧɳ̵ɫ˺ռ䣬սͬʱıһ޴׹׹һ⣬͸޾ա
׹ֻ֮һնͽֱն룡

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ǿ־壬ôҲѲˣֱӱնϣɫѪӿҶ濴һֻգӿ̽һץ˾ꡣ
˲飬γϰٿűɫԴ顣
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Ҷ۾Ķͷˮ죬·ȫ˱󡣸ոֲֿϢоȻκεֿġһ׹̺ĺƴ󣬿ֲޱߵϢֱ
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ѹе˼ҶϵĻҳϽԷšԴеܣȻ棬ǣˣһжûκ塣
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ʱΧĻҶʼΧҶ湰м䡣ǵĿ¶ѯʣеǡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦĿ¶һ˿š
лλˣҶƽƣ
飡


ھž ֮ս 169 һս
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ʱ䣬ڣ˭ǵǸߵѪƷ
ߣ˻Ҳ
һ·㶼ӭŭչ졣
ķ磬֮ɽ۵ͨսɳס۾յ죬ĴɳϮ͹ŴڼлҳúõСһ˯̹ӡգɳٴֻҪ²µӣ赲סǿеġ
ʮһȰۿĶ˭ж
ⷽԲɽϣʱѾķֳһ
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ȫµ˶֪֮ˣǴʮҫǡ
ȸİȻ࣬⼸ųһȴĺܡÿһΧ߾ʮһڵĿءڣʮ̨ʱѾϲһһֱɵ̨
̨ϣҶؽնӰȻͦοʡ˵֮⡣Щսİǿˣ̾µһȵﰡ
ҶϣѾ֮ǰϵƣǵ˷豹ľ磬ûκʽϵԪءΪʵѾͨ飬أͳΪطһ֣ЩԪصӦãѾľ硣
ʱܹõѾЩԪءҶԸ⣬ʱһ֮䣬׷ԲԪܵãʹ۰ͨ飬ʵԶԶؾ߱Ƚϣֱһ죬һأȫûпɱԣ
ʵΣҶ滹ҪӮһսʵҲûаաչսоʵᣬֵȫԸǿҶܹᵽ
գһսˣ㲻ȥҲ㡣

ỹûеҶĿ񣬴ʱǧˣĿȴȫϡ
ϣס𲻻Саվǰ棬ϡǼԱߣ֪ʱһϮĺɫװƻɫ磬貵Щ次
ģ࿴òˣ̲סһ̾һŮӣҶµһȵŮ𣿹ȻǾ˫
ͷһôĬĬעҶ档
ĵǺͲ²⣬ԵõȻˡȻⲢвںҶ棬Ѿ⡣Ҷ̨ϣԲһ˻ϵġΪҶ빲ȻĻϰĵţ
㣬һӮġƻھԣоԼǰδеׯϣЩ£˵ʱûоԣֱӱ㽫˳˵۹⺬ЦҲԴףģɼʹˣƻҲһӻعڿɻǽأó˲ܽС
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ƺȴ΢΢Щɬķ죬ȴҲûгƻֻǣֻУȴǽĸӽˡţӮġȻӮġ
仰ƺڶ˵ȴڲͣذοԼ
ȻѾ˴㣬Ҳǵͷ²ľ
ʱȻϣҶӮ
ۼģ֪ʱѾվ˾ԡ
֣ľļƺڰοͷҶʦҲԼСùã۾һӺˡ
µġž˵
ͷͷ̨ϵҶ档
ʱԽ貣ʱѾ˳ʱĩβˣٲɾܵȨˡ
ɶǸôװʲôβǣ˵ŷƣҶ׵Щ棬㿪ʼϣҲμ˶֮սʵˣڶֵʱͱ̭ˡϣûЦҲҶѣʱȻ֧Ҷᣬ˭֪ðģ
ϣȴһסͣҿԸһǿˣûʦɫҴûмʦôĹӣСʦҪӮǸһҪ᲻СʦܿɾԶʤˣ
Ҳ֪ϣ˵ʵɫΪǵ˵ĲʵҲʵ̫ˣȻһնɱͨ鼶塣ңķҲܾˣıֶײ󷴶ֱ۾ͶˡʵǿֲҿˣҪӮᣬӾ֡ǣΪʹͨ飬ûֶΣҲӮ
˵˵ȥͷһģһﵽǲˣôоû㣡ҶȻҲǿʵһһ߹ģȻаţҲмѭᵽ״ðģ֮ǰѹͲ֪»ôһˡ
ϣҲǰһζ֮սʵ̫̬
ǷǳͶԵ
ףʲô
ʱȻһԶ˵ĿⶼǱߡ
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תͷȥʼٷһӰǵӰʺɫսףͷڣĿִ࣬һսꪣ˲˭
ֻһ̨ϿգҶŶ
˿̣Ҷ桢ᣬذףڰգԶӡ
ܰնϰߣĿãڰ£ǧĶҲԶǶʱоУһɽŵտʼӿԭЩӵҲİ
ʱҲվ˫ֽס亹
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Ŀⶼ۽ڸ߿Ӱ
նĿעҶ棬ӿ񣬵ǴʱȴһָζҶãȻѿͣЦЦҶ棬Ȼܹһ̤֮ͨ龳硣ʮ˲𡣲ҵĶһնɱڴˣ
̨ϣһ֣أǳ̹Ȼ˵šǣ⻰ñˣȴǾޱȡ
˵ʲô˵Ҷʲô
Ҷʲô书ؼܣ˵ĹȫͬҶؽϵûϵλд˵һҶҶĺ֮λûйϵ
Ȩɫƿ϶ǲܵģҲʲôǮˣѵɫôһǡ


ھž ֮ս 170 ʻ뱦
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һ̣˵Ŀ⣬ȫ˾ϡ
԰ѵᰵǱҶȶ˾ĻģԣμӶ֮սȻľսʱնɱҶ棬Ҫھǰ֤ԼҶǿ
һ仰У̺ԹһĻϷһ̣Щ֪Ⱥڣ׷ΪԼ޽ӽ࣬У֮ȼա
ʵϣ⻰ֻҶ֪˵ģǶɽڣԪƪԴ顣
ű˵ͣκսɴʱǣôѪУɫ৵ľͨˡսһˣҲһû̸κθĳǵͨ죬ҪͣȴԼһڣ϶ԽԽڣɴͷ˵ˡ
һ£Խƶˡһжս
֮սµһ̨˿Ϣ֮䣬ƺԽԽӽݻɾı̨ˡ
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̫ӵҲôټȥʵʧͳһ¹ڣ漴ԸһԵй٣ʼɡ
й߾ʿһӣ̫ӵ¹Ȼǰһģ
ˣˣˣ
أƣƵĹ
һӽʵʲôԶԹ֮ģϣǰĴ͡
Ľ༫Ϊ죬ƺƵͬһһµģ·˵ͷϣ˸оԼʼӿ̼䣬һѪڵĸо
Ⱦϴʱɳ죬һɱ֮⡣
һ̣ҶڿС˶ǿߣһսƱҪ춯أ
Դ
ڣڴеʼ

֪˶ٴΣùĵʿѾͷ󺹡ֱȴɡ
̫ѾʼԽԽˣͮͮչ⣬Ҳ͸һĨѪɫյĻɳӵĹɳ裬ƮУȵĨһ㵭ɫĻ˳ԡ
һĻϷĻڻչ
̨֮ϣҶؽԿն
ȻҶ潫ؽγŵǰ
һ̣˶ס˺ΪսҪʼˡҶ̲סҪˡǣϵǣҶҪʼսؽӱ֮󣬰ǰţִӻͳһɫ
뿪ʱģЯšҾزϣôҲȪȥʱҶ·Ѿ˾
һ㷢ģȢޣֻȢһŮӣԵٴҲܹԵ޷ˡҶ治ǸĵˡһӣȻһŮԸ빲δġһˣȴԾɱж
ʱѾڣһϮɫ磬źɫĹװʢװü续ҲͿĭ֬һ޵ŮӣѾ˼¡ǴʱҶϵһɫϵĵ
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ʻ뱦һ׷
ʱҶʻԼؽؽ¼Ϊ˳ȾҲûκѪաؽʱڽɫ£ɢηɫĹâ
ǣҶȴǷǳ֣صĲԼı
Ҷûвùؽһ̣ȴڲ
ΪҪĹͷʼ
һּ˵ţ
˷·ѾҶһնɱᣬѪؽѪϢһ̷Ũ
˵Уƺ⽣ϣѾһʺ졣
ɫؽĽϣһ̣ؽɫĹâʼ˸ǽӲӵĹâӳںϣȻһ΢죬ʱȻ˵ѤĿ
⻪ˣؽԭڣһĺԽľս
ǣ˿˺µĽ֪ΪΣȻã⽣Ȼô
һ̣ͻȻ鲻Խ̾Ľ
վҶǰһʺɫĿףеսꪽ財û˵ҶĲʱҶ档Ƕڶֵ𾴡ҲǶԼ𾴡
𾴶֣Լ
Ȼʲôûǣ˶ܸоһ˵ս⣬ԽԽŨˡīȪһʼҪˣ
ս⣬ȼյĻһȫܸǧףһ̣˻ܴϸоһǿѹȸС
ޱĶҶ棬ڵҶ档
Ҷ滹ڲؽһһ£Ϊϸ
˲֪ãȻҶͣס˶һתؽǰ
ҶؽԼǰ˹ȥؽȻ޷棬һ̣Ƿ֮ȴסҪ
˵ĽҲûῪڣ¶͡漴ȴֵϧҪԷģ˵ĽһķĹ
Ҷû˵ؽһգǰִؽϡɫĵâ˸ֵָĸоָоҶ漫Ϊ˷ܡ
ȻҶ΢΢һָ⽣һ£ȻδУǣ䡣ʱҶ¶ɫ
ĺˡǣҲġһ㣡ҲҲΪϾǸѵõĸ֡ҪҵĽ£Ҳϣ⽣ǸɾġѪ⽣ϣҲرϵĳˡ
ȻҶͲ󣬿˵⻰ʱȴڿЦ
˶Ҷ˵仰⻰˲䣬ֻȫһ֮УëҲһ¡иǱһֳصѹѹסˣ͸
Ҷ澹Ȼˣ
ĻȿҶĽƺƵɲΪºҵˣȴû뵽Ȼ˷񣡲ϵʦĵӡְԵʲô˶ĵġµһȣ˭Ҳ֮
ȻҲоѹҲҶһźͰ
һ㶼¡ţǽʧϵģ
õĺܣȻЦţʵ̫ˣ㲻ῴصĵˣܺãȻˣ㿴ȫʵ
˵ţƽŶȻ
һǿսʱϣϵҲҪ
ţỰһתֱҶ棬սһɣ
̨¸оƣɲǼ䣬о͸һ
ȻսȻܹ֮ɢϢ½ͨ龳Ѿˡĸոս磬ͨûڻ֪ͨܲսʤ
Ϣ磬󺣣ʼΪҶеˡҶʵѸ٣һҹ֮ͻˣڶʮ֮ǰﵽͨ飬ǧŵҲȼˡǣɵǡ
ΪҶûиͨ龳ǿսľ飡
ɾʱһ䡣
ɫâͻȻ䡣һɲֱȥ
Ҷˣ


ھž ֮ս 171 ཭֮ϣƾУ
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һٶȺ۾͵·ʵʵعâֱҶ档ͬʱϵҲʼ·ͷһϵسµظ߷塣
ʱһƬɳʯеĻɳ콫ȫм䣬еˣֻǰǻɳСֱɳ򣬼Ϊˬʱһ˶ٳˣ˵ɳСĵطͣУֻļֲͣȵıԵ
µȻʵǿԾɱɳۣҲ޿ɱ΢΢۾
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кȻһ·µɽʯһҪһɽХϵĳܵɽʯЩʯͷһʱͻĵ
ʱ֮ϣɳ룬ҶữӰȻײһ
ˡ
Ҷеؽеսꪣײһ𣬷һ˶䷢졣ЩΪԵ͵ˣ𵴲Ӱ죬ֻͷۻ¿Ҫվסˡûа취ֻ˵Ⱥȥˡ
緭ɳʯ֮УҶ˵Ȼ͸ֲĿɳڿб貵ĹâĽ
ǿֻһײɢּ𵴲ǿҵӰ쵽ܡڵĿ֮󣬿ܰһͷţȥΧ۵˾˵ʵ˵ʵԽǿǾ;Խӹ񫡣ֻŲʮԴ
˵սޱȣÿһײŷ貵Ļ𻨣죬ЩԶԶۿ˸˷ˣһſеӰ
Ȼ
ҶĶͣһ£ڿһ
ţеؽһ˲䣬ķɳ֮䣬ȻͣڵĿ硰䡱һ֮󣬱ȥƬ̣ھȻȫָ˸ղǰƽɳͣסˡ
Χ۵ˣһס˺Ҷᡣ֪Ҫʲô
Ҷ棬ʲôһ˿Цѵ㺦ˣҪͶ𣿡
Ҷֳؽʱħûдʵֻ۷ʱڵİ˲㡣ͨ״̬ڿнʮغϣоȻڹƺԽսȥԽǿҲԽ˷ܡ
ȥˡһĹ̫Ź֣ƺԽսԽǿңԪҲԽԽŨңɳ죬ҵʵ޷ȫӡܰ཭սˮԪ֮棬ʩչ壬㡣սʤᡣ
뵽Ҷؽһᣬָᣬ˵ᣬʵ̫խ˶Ѿͨľ磬ȫսΧ۵գҪ˼ʮҶ治Ը꼰㡣཭ʮܹܺӰһսҸȥ཭ϣһս𣿡
һָŶϣЦ⣡
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ҶӰһӣ°ƶ֣Ӱڰ֣һ˲䣬Ѿɳȡ̤ƣӲӣĿԻͣ糤ƿգҶ
һߣµΧȺڿɾɵۡ
ʲôҪȥ𣿡
֪ղźҶ˵Ҫط
طʲôطǻ˵طô찡ҿɲɰ
һѵǵȥˣ
̫խˣҪطƺȥ཭ϡ
཭
཭ȿмʮԶ
ɽΧȺ֮УһЩͨĺ֣ȻҲУȴӽ̨ܵһȦˣ֣кܶ඼ǰؾʦ֡
ʱ˾Ȼ뿪ˣҲ¶⡣˲ֵ̨ڿռݣ濴ȥɣȴǼʮطԲô̫Сսأ
ôһʣ˶׷׵ͷҲ֡ǽ¶ȴǲҶΪʲô뿪ս޹ءʱҶȥȶЩΧ۵ˣֻҪžͺáܿһʱȶ
ˣʲôɣɳ̫ѾȥˡȻȥ཭ϣãｭȻҲȴԵÿտˣȼＸ˿̹ˡ
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ת̤ҶҲ཭϶ȥ
һ˲䣬ʮӰӿնȥЩΪϾģз޵ģҲ׷׺޷뿪ЩȲԼУҲûз޵ģȴǶڰ֮У˲ãһʱ䶼ȵ཭ϣ˵Ҳʮأ˼ҷɹȥƬʱ䣬ǿߣҪʱԼϵ˵Ӷˡ
ȴ˵཭ϣմ磬İǧˡҶն཭ˡ
ҶоܵˮԪ֮棬ԼɲٿصԪΧȻȸո֮һвϲ֡һӮⳡսĿԸˡ֮սһ֮ܾʤڱȸղţƽ׶ʵҶġ
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ʱ򣬽ҶڶҲˡվ཭ϣĿȴעˡ
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Цһսһս
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ֳ˾һͻȻڿնսꪴҶ档ʱսϼһ貶ĿĹâսꪻգ籡ֽһ˲ƿ
һ֮ƣ
ҶɫȻ䣬ȫˡٶȾȻô죬սꪵȻôǿ˲䣬˱㻯һһӵҶǰǽӲӵսꪣس֣Ҷǰ
䣡
˿ȫҶ룬ԼҶִ֮䣬ֻ̧ؽȫ赲ԼǰؽĺܿҲܺأҶǰһ޴Ķһ
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סˣ
Ҷһϲ漴͸оһɴֱϴʱ䣬ֻԼֱϵļݺݲ˼¡һ΢΢ĦƺҪѡ
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˲䣬ҶͽȻ˼סȥ
ûеҶվͿһɫ⻪ƽ塣һѾûɫӰĳͷȻ˿κδϢĻᡣ
ûа취ˣֻƴ


ھž ֮ս 172 ս
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ҶкһͷϵٿȻһ¡ҶͻƵͨ龳֮ںϽγɣҶҲ֪֮ʲô
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ȻҶоһ˺ѷεʹ̲סʹ
һ̣оԼȫԪɣ󼹱ϵӿȥ
ৣ
һɫĹâԭȵϽɫԪһ̣Ȼ˰ɫһâİɫԪ
׵Ԫ֮䣬ֻ̡죬ƻ˿ϣһ˸ɲʱ䣬Ҷ˺֮СΧ޾İɫ⡣
һƬ׵ĵ֮УҶĺɫѾ˽ɫڵ˫ҲѪɫ˸ͣһɱ֮屬УӿƬռ·Ť
ħչҶƶ
ৣ
ʱ˵УҶ·һΪΪġֻ˲䣬ĸһģһҶӰУ˸ֲһ棬һǼ٣
⣬ĹӰѧôҶҲ᣿
˸оֶΣսʱʹĹӰΪƣЩĿࡣַܶ˼ʹ֪Ҳ޷ѧᡣĸӣԭֻСаѧˡ˶û֣ȴû뵽Ҷؼʱ̾Ȼʹˡ棬ΪȵģΪûн̹ҶԪ֮
Ҷڹؼʱʹȷ֮㿪Ĺ۹ƵƵо˼顣
ԪԪƿҪ󼫸ߡҪԼòһģһҾйһʱܹġûн̹ҶֶΣлɣѵԼģܡĪǣ쿴ʹ֮Լģ³ģĻ֣Ҳδ̫ˣ
ȻܹѧԪôľӹǷҲѧˣĻһսᣬҲûʤ㡣ңĵ츳ѧȾӹԼֶΣ±ĸǿһЩ
ͨһ㣬üͷڣҶܹӮһȶѾһ˿ģ֮ǰȫûġ
ϣҶģӰۿٶƶš
཭֮ϣ˷ɣһƬӰУҶѸٵ˳սꪵĹΧ
飡飡飡
Ļ֮ҶӰȫѣᣬҶȴڲ֪䣬Ȼ
ûᣡ
ҶȫԪӿţϵؽȻӳ
⽣ЯŻͻ׵֮·ĳڶβ⣬׼ᣬݺݵ
׹һȻƿա
䡱
һ죬ǽӹ֮ռƬƬ飬ֱӴı
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̫ˣҶüͷ̲סһֻǳûûбκϣܹƾһˡû뵽Ȼûж㿪
ոգȻʶҶĹһٶ̫죬̫ǿȻѾȥˣվֻһ˿תսꪵǰ˲䣬ʧ֮֮䣬һˡ
ˡһ˻ɽ
ᱻؽУ޴ʹ˼ٵıҽ཭¡ͷڣֱӵ䣬һҲǡͨһ˽ˮС
УҶĽ֮Ŀռѷ죬ʱ޴γ˾޴Ŀ硣
һ˲䣬˷ڣȻ죬ռѷɽȥ
ҶӮ𣿡
Ȼˣǲ˼顣Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ҳô˵ҶղһܹԪض㿪ĹƵıӽм䣬ʱյķǳáˣҲ֡ңҶһӳûпһֱͬƥһգȫһҪҿᣬһ£Ҫˣ
ɡ˻ǲôšϾ˵ӡ󣬲ôˡ
ȴһ²ҲҪˣʤӦѾֳˡǿûʤȻ죬ոҶڵ̨㽻˼ʮغϲʤ˱ΪսӼҡʹҹҲ⡣Ͼ˵ʵǿҲߡ
ܶʱƾеսƴĲǼɣԪŨ̶ȡ
ǱΪֻһԪľŻִʤû뵽ʤȻ˵Ŀ죡
ԣǿҶ滹䱸ˣӦôǼѰӰܿܣûаաոһȻᣬķˣܹӲġ
ţ˵ҲԡǺķ̶̬ȡôһ˵ҲΪ᲻ôסӦûֻǣ֪ʲôʱ
ǵĻ䣬ȻͿһӽϡಡ
һѪɫԪƵĸߴӰŽӲӵĳԹˮ֮߳˫ı˪һ㣬͸磬֮˲ͷϵڱҶһ䣬˿ͷɢʪģѪɫԪϵĿӿͬħһ
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սꪷݺϣ
һᵥꪣбָ졣һɺľѹΪ͸һɰ羪κһϯ˷ƥɽһ̣ǸߴӰħ·ǵһ㣬ĵԲ
ҶӣҲ΢΢ɫܿ죬ָֻƽѪɫ˸սꪷȻ
˿ɢİƿ཭˻ȫڿСɷΧڣˮη׷ƯΧ岻ת
ҶҲս׼ˮԪ֮磬ֻ֮ҪˮԪ֮棬սʱԪݽߣԲϵĴӻв䡣ңͨ龳ĻָҲǿ֮ǰ屻۶һֱֻۣƬ̾ͻָˡֻҪû˵Ҫ˲ͻָ˵ҪҲǿԪȵսȥˡ˵ֻҪǵɱκƣָܻ
཭սȻҶսҶȫ£ʵǿΣѵҶߣߵѾµһȵǿߣ˭ỳʵ
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ŭһͻХڣʱһɺƴƥˣҶ͵ıϮȥˣ˲ٰսȥһ̣˸ԵĻâ͵ײһ𡣰죬཭ˮ࣬ƺƵһνˮȻ븡˰գ
˿ĳּսʵ̫ˡ
벽߷壬ȻǷ˼ΪĴˣӽ˰ͨȻڲͬȻǰؾĴʦǽƾƣʵǲԷӳǵ֮һ
Ͷ䣬ӵңƣҲֻµһȵǴ̶ȣʤѾҪˡܹȫҴʮ֮ڱܺɨϣڳۣϧ
ʱҶĵԪȻ٣˵Ȼ
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ھž ֮ս 173 һ
ϣսѾͷʱ˵ȣʹǽŵ׵཭Ҳӿ཭Χ۵ڶ֣Ϊ˿øҲ׷תԪɵ˿С
ʱȻҶؽҶһؽļ˴һȻĽ⣬ݡһƳա⽣ǣֱĳնȥ
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ֻǣȴǺٺЦ⣬з컭Ծٻ֮ƣȥ
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һĽбһŴ۵ĹâŰ⽣ⱻսһֱ顣ûжκӰ졣
ûõģҶ棡ҵ־ƿġʵѾﵽ֮ţƾƿҵķȻʡʡɡûֶΣ׼ɡ⣬ҪˮԪ֮ҺҪʧˡϰս伮ԽսԽ£ӲߡԪʹŨҲпݽߵʱ򡣵ʱɣ
һ˵꣬ߴӰһ㣬Ҷ۵糸ǺɫĿһĻһ㣬ۣеսһݺݵشҶѡ
ս貹âǻնһ㣬ҫƬռ磬ֲƵһӿȡ
ᣡ
Ҷڿն𣬶ܹȫһڸ߿һ㻮նӰոԽɫս󣬾һʱؽɢɹâ⣬նȥ
ֻǣȴҲ⽣һۣսֻϿȥսɢһУεľмһâײ˽⡣
䣡
˵ײ⡢Ӱâ貶Ŀâ˵ǰһѤãչһ̲ۡס۾
Ҷ濴ᣬżǰˣʵƽǿĶ֣û㡣Ҳ֪ԼµǸֶܷսʤᡣֻڲϵĹʵһУոģ󣬵ҲֱնɱᣬľԼҶ治Ҵ⣬ڼȴҪһõʱ
˵ĿڿжӣȻҶ濴Ҳ֪ΪΣ͵һֻỺڵȥʵ鷳ûһһҹҲֲʤħҼʶˣҷһ⡣ɱȲңٶҲȲңʵҲԶƴȫԽѹ㡣ԣ׼
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Ȼһ𣬽ţ۾Ȼꪵ͵һۡһռͱ飬γһɫСͬʱսꪻûüӰӣתƿճҶϮΪٵӰƮ첻ͬʱͷתΧڿȻˡУһɫҶϮ
ٶȺÿ죬㲻Ҷһҧٶȼٵ죬ӭӰȻײȥٶȱҶ죬Ҷ⿿Ƕ㲻ġǣսꪽӽһɣӶٶȴԲҶؽ졣
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ʱҶֻӲӲȻɣ
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Ҷħһ˾ͻһĲӰĹΧڡͬʱؽббǰ׼סսꪣϣһϽɫ׹˸ͣŻ׼ᡣ
ߣ㾹Ȼҽսֱ֪
һߣ΢ԭٴսꪣȻһ˲ֱΪɨ
ԣⲻǺɨҶȻֲԾսꪶƵȻ٣ؽսײǣս͵ؽϣٵķһײ

һɲǣҲ֪ײٴΣҶֱ۶ľˣؽղסҪֶȥ
̫ˣײˡҶ˲ֱʹٴγ
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εײҶԭڱصõһƫ˹øֹԷ㿪һ΢΢սꪾ綾߳һ˺һϸ죬ĳҶ
ɺޣٶȾȻô죬ֻһ㣬ǹһ񣡡ҶһУĹ֪ʱԼѾʧȥȻĶ֡һҧ׹һѿĹ

ҶڿУڵĴϢţոһֱӽԪȥһ룬Ծûж˺ᣬûܵκεӰ죬ԾɾȡټսȥҶڵԪ̫죬ٹһʱ䣬ԪҪľˣ
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ҶһԽȻͬԪҲ֪뵽ʲô鲻Խħħλһ𣿡
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ʱԶԶģһƬдҶĻᣬ㿴ˣұһеģΪһֻеļҲûκԿһС
ϧ֪ȥһҡһ֮ľ㡣ɣҶѾޱ죬·ڽž޴ʹࡣͻȻʱ̧ͷѪɫ˫Ȼ
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Ҷϣɫâֵؽᶨһ̣˻УƺҶǣһĨЦݡǿЦݣֻһͻֻΪЦݣʵ̫ˣ񷢳ġ
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𲻻Ȼʺ񣬿ĶһҲȺϣ§Ҷ棬ƴҡΣ˷ܵҪˣӵֵܵһԺǮˣļҶķϰҪծ
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һŸңҵʵﵽھؾ磬ܸңΪʲô
ǵġҲ֪Ϊʲôǣ㸸׼Ȼô˵ֻܴӦˡƵͷĿ࣬Ҷʵʲô̶ȣ
Ҷ治˵վߵԺӡ
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ৣ
ҶһԪŹ⽣
ԪŹ⽣һʱҶǰһʯͷֻơһͱи롣
ĸȻǱҶֶξȵˣʲôֶΣֱϷһ
ƱߣӡУֻһ㣬ɱǣȴûмôֶΡֱɲࡣ
ৡ
һ֣ҶɢȥԪ׹⣬ĸǾȵı飬͵ĸףǵھؾ磬ͨ飬ԪֶΡ
Ѿ˵ھؾˣ˵ģģĸ⡣
ҶͷЦĸţʵԼҲţԼȻ֮ڣһؾͨҶӵܣһԾΪµһȵ۷ǿߡֱһ񻰡
ĸףڿԽ׵Ÿҿ˰ɣҶԼĸס
Ƶ˵ͷ㳯úҵȥһˡ
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Уţ㿴ˣǵðٵ㸸׵ԡҲ֪дʲô
Ҷͷ֣صĽӹš
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ΪǸְĸס
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Ҷһᡣˡ
Ϊܣ޷Ϊ游ѩޣҪӲдǵļ֮£вԣ¾ͻһɱ֮ǣΪӣΪȻ游ĳޡ
׵һ仰Ҷһ𡣼ǵøǰһֱԼ̣ҪʱҶһԼĸ׷ҵ鲢ˡ
ѵʲô飿
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Ҷһݣ漴ƺ顣
ұҪ游ǣ游ξΪϸ񣬵ڶ죬֪ͨ游ͱȥפطˡȻұΪƾ游ʵ֮ǿ¼䣬ʲôıҲס游ԣʱҶǵĽӴҲû⡣ֻǺ游ĳˣҲźĪ
⣬ҶеԼƺصʮǰһҹãȻ顣һ游书ĳݺΣһֵ游ݺһҹû¶ģڶ죬뿪˺ǡ
ٻʱѾСүǳ˼ƫֱر
飬õһˣһ겻ˡ
֪游սѶϢҶѾȡ˼λáʱкܶ෴ߣѪѹˡҲ뿴żΪҶķѣͬҶ̳к֮λϾֻ游һ㣬ȴǿһٱǺǵش߽Ҫǿ쵼
ң游ΪâɽʮΧɱʮ󽫺պϼֱֹСҹ䣬ҵʱҲûлɡʱңʹɥıУû뵽ҶĻ֣
ҵ֪游Ǳġֱ˺ܾãһ游ߵױâɽ˻ҵңࡣҵʱûǸױһ֮ʣҲġ
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ҶһؽϣɫĻԪȻת
һһľ޴ⲨȻ

·ϳһ޴ѷ죬ѷ쿪ʼܱ顣һγ˼״֩һѷ졣ŭ𣬷ƽ
һҹգǣȴҹϡ


ʮ ѩ 177 Ѿ
۹˻ʱ¸󽫾Ȩ
󽫾˵ʮԲĵ򣬾ȨȫС
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һǶ֮սĽ춼СԿףֻҪҶѪܿ춼С硣
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ʮ ѩ 178 ѩ죬Ѫ
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ʮ ѩ 181 õ֣
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ҶǼ˽һ£˾Щ飬ҲΪһ㽻͵Ҷ档ϾҶֿȵ̫ӵ¶ҪõӲ˵ϡ󽫾׼¸ҪŮҶˡʱʲô˻Ҷ鷳£ҶԼҲס
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Ѫɣʮ֣ͱһ˦ȫնǺεȵĲңʮʿˣסȻʿԲɿܵҲóȻȥ
㣬㡭ôܣŭն񵶣ֵҽ´˼͵ŭն񵶡ֿտգû˱ҶǿĶ֣ǵͻΪﵽ֮ţֻܵ

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ֵѾЧҶʵʱģԼԼЩ괳֪飬һһ˵Ҷ˼ʶ
ҶʵΣҶΪĵĻҶʵ󷨣ЩվֻҪҵƵİ취ܶԸһֱΪ޷Ƶģֻбǿսʤ
Ҷ淢ʣ˳ĬòŵҶʵҿ͸˶˵ͨ龳ʱ߻ħΪһؾҪһ㡣ǣҵĸоȴҸоϣһѪɷϢŨңиоѪɷ֮һ緢һ󡣡
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˵ֵȴɫ°벿ĵȫԻԵĵΪ壬ֻɱϰ벿;⵶ֲޱȣ°벿ĵǾ춯أһĳûаսʤ
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ҶҵҪʲôֶΣ
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游ףǵӢ飬뿴ŰɣҹҪΪǱѩˣ
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Ҷ֮Уֻñɱһ֣˫Լӣʱ޷ûа취ֻܽһףռһսһ

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Լĳз磬磬Сܾʲôռ䣬⣬һЩ˵һ飬ҶȵµĿࡣ
ʦǸȥʲôϾ϶ԶҺСʦܿȥһܾģ˯˯ãԷҲûθڡǸȥϾһ᲻ϰ߰УǸطôԶһӶ޷ؼңϣ׿
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ǸˣԼҲο


ʮһ ۷֮· 191 ǰϣ
𲻻ͺϣ׻СаˣδϾе
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Ҷڻ԰š˵ʵҶҲȥ濴һ硣Ǹո˵ν磬ǵȿʮ΢һĴ塣ĴȽȷʵʲôҶҲ⣬Ϊʲôǿƣ˼ʹŭҲҶʲôԭȻ˴ͷ
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ҶûзϣͷǵġʦҺܵǡҵΪԽԽߣֻԽԽǣĸ׺Сõʲʺ䣬ʹҵٶ鵤ҩҲֻ٣޷ǰѷ˵ʡ쾳Ҳ޷룬˵Ƕɹ׽ٳˡ
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תͷĿҶ棬Ŀһ˿⣬̾һҶֱ۵б֪Щ񻰹Ϊʲô˵ɲúͷֻߣɻ϶ǹ¼ҹ˰ɣΪӵбȷ˳ٱͨ˿ϦʵǿУЩͨˣֺʲô𣿡
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ǶԼ뷨ҲܿǡҲȥѰԼ·ˡֻǣѣʼղҵܹ꣬оѾˣҲٹ
΢΢һЦ㲻õġѵȻߣǣ쾳绹ǲġʱʵͻ֮ţֻҪԸԼһ˿꣬ΪһԪҲܴӡȻսܲȴҲ㳤ءԣΪѣҲҪȥϾú
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һصҶ棬ѵ¶ԣҲ΢Ц⺢ӡ
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⵶һ۷ϵ֣üͷһٽ⵶ǣԽԽľһ룬ֱӽϣ¶ϲɫģ⵶⣬ӦǡɱеɱһɻɱһնϣסʹǷ֮УҲǵһȵĹ㻹δȥϣΪһĸǡ
⡶ص䡷е൤ҩƷ˵ȴûʲô˵ġ壬óľ֮֮еĳ㶼һһĺ֡Ƚϣ⡶ص䡷ֵ͵һ¡
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Ц˵Ĳʦֵõģڽϡ񣬵۽ΪҲĶ֡ʹʮУҲûж˱ǿ
ˣɫˣȥĸ׺úùһɣ⽫Ҳһɡڻ񣬾ڴʱٰɡǳҪǰϡʮһյĿɽŴ䡣缸ǰҲϤϾ
ǣʦҶȥ
һ߰գҶ涼æµޱȣҲûйá
׵۳Ƕϲ֮С³һ죬󽫾Ůʮͬ졣ַǷ
һգϴϣŵƽʡ׵ˣӭ׵ˣͿ콫׵۳ǿʮƥŵ·ˡԸ޸Ҷ档ҶҲȢ˾µһȵŮӡ
һҹ¶մȾ¸֬죬ƿϲáҶ򸾺гӹգֱ³ϣһʾҶ棬Ҫ뿪ˡ
ÿһγ֣ʹҶҪԶţѾϰˡֻһΣҶҪžһ뿪˱Щֻ֡ҶҲûжӽֻ͡˵Ҫžαɽһɷ򸾡
Ҷ⻰бûٻˡ
֮󣬺Ȼһϼ죬ɢ貵Ĺ⻪ϼ֮ϣɺ׷裬һӼݺ׶Ҷ֮
ĸףСãˡ
Ҷ˸֮󣬱žһ񣬸ǺӣȻȥ
ǣǵ֮󣬺ȻһҫϣϼɺףҶ;ʧ
һ̣˲뾪̾
ԭ֮˵Ȼȫģ
˺ϸضʼ˵˵Ҷ;³һհɣԼظɻᡣЩԣɾҶ뾰һɾµڡɴг¼һΡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 192 ڣµ㣡
Ҷ;һ֣󣬱һ޴ĻӰռڡռ䣬ȫ͸ġĿǳ档
̫ʱ򣬾һ޴ĻɢŹˣڵǿУҫۡҶ˻عͷǿһźˮһ򣬱׵ڸǡ
ޱǡڿռ䴩ڡԼһʱ䣬ܴﵽġҲǴеĿĵأܾ߳˵
ʱڣֻҶ򸾣ϣף𲻻Саˡϣ׺ֵʵʦʦҸղСʦһġ
Ը˵ֻǼ򵥵ǻ顣ͨС
ǲõǡ󣬶Ѿ͸ˡǴһƷҲж̡⣬ϵһ鴫ѶֻҪд·֪ͨǡʱҲԳȥ
ϾϵļҡǴȻΪУҪǣҲϣԺΪʲôزҲҪǵã΢ǲļҡ
ǣӵȽʦ̻塣빪
˻شĸɴ࣬ͷˣǾ͵ɡ⣬ѣҴһ׹һռ䣬ڣѵƽȵĻԪץʱɡ
ϹѿҶһۣҶ΢΢˵ͷŸǰϾһģϹѿЩηġոգǺڽѵӣϹԼʲϲ˱ϻ΢ǣҶһǾʵ̫ԩˡ
Һãʮ㣬ϹѵҲԼôֻһ죬ΪԵĽͿҪﵽ쾳ˡ
һ죬Ԫ˲١ͻ쾳ѾԶˡֻҪŬ£꣬ȻͻΪġ˼䣬㲻ٶ˵ǳĬ֮ˣҲǿҶͽķϣָϹѼ䡣Ϲ̫һĽҲһ㣬Ϲ̫һŮȻϹϹ̫һϲŮҲֵرԴ
һУΪҶеĵλ
һһҹ֮˵ΪȻûԵĽǣȴĸоڵԪһ˵壬о޴ƵԪǷ׷׸е棬ҪǣʱȻ
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۾ޱȡ
⡣ӶûеطӣֱӿԽ˺
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ԭˣһ
𲻻ɫҰףϣ׻ӣֶԷҲһšˣоͰ
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ţҵͷΡ
һذ֮ͻȻһͰɽϡ
ϹѵΪͣʱԲѡҶ˹ȥһԪ룬ܿ죬Ϲѱ΢΢תˡȻǿռ䴩һ£ȴȫΪӦͷĿѣ
ѣǵˡҶϹɢûоı֣㽫Ϲѱϡ
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վϢ֮һš
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һڣȻ֣ĿУȻ̺Ũһ룬ǶʱоԼȫë׶̹
طЩܾǿˡּԪҶڰ֮ǰͻ֮ˡϣΪˡУΪǣʹˣҲҿڡɼ֮Ũ
ǰһܾȻƬĵطСа¶ЦݣĽϣ쳹ޱȡ
ߵɽϣĿԶ
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ԶһƬƣ֮䣬Լɼɽ仯ɸȤ̬ʱƮŮʱȵ̣ʱҵԳʱֵҰ峿ıУ֣ʱԶʱ
Ƭ޾أ૵ʮˡҶʮʱ뿪ڣʱʮֻ꣬ˡգĿʴ
ȻʮûлϣطȴԶҲȴ
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Ҷ濴óʱʵҲġⲢǺ£Ǽһʮݵĸо֮ǰĸ־ɫУҪЩνӵܣһµͽЩ˴һǣ֮ʱȴɵؽˡ
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ϣ׸һ˵꣬תУǣͻȻ֣תΪѣֻܼ򵥵γһ㱡Ļ޷ۼ㹻С
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Цеˡ΢ϸֲֻСУͱƳԼıϣշСȻĻǺú·ɡ
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⻰̲סЦޣɲô򵥵ġһСģޣǼˣɾͳ˶Էʳˡңǳէ֪ΣգԣǶʵʵġȵڣ˵
Ϊϣ׵ĲƴڻҲࡣ˵꣬ǰȥĽŲ֣ȻÿһڵϣҶУȴ鶯ޱȣ·ʱʧ仯һ
ⲽ񡣡Ҷ澪ȵĿһ̣˫ƺЩĶǻþһĶȻĳϵҶ벻仯
ԭʦһֱʵʮ꣬΢һֱѹʵһżȻ¶һЩʵҶоԼʦ±ԼҪǿܶࡣ
ĲԺУͻȻ֣ĸоľΪƣǣȴһָӸĲ
ҶҪȥ־硣
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ҵľ绹Ҫһϣʵˡ죬֮·ֹԽ࣬Խʣ
Ҷ˫Ŀԡոһ˲䣬Ѿһ嶯źǣָоֻһӶ˲Ѿʧ±޿׽ˡ
ҶɣôˣϹѵѯʵҶ֮ѾһԼͨĸоƾϸ΢Ӧ֪˿̵ƺǺܺˡ
Ҷ¶һЦͬѹû£Ҹոĳֻϧûͨ
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Ҷ汳Ϲѣ뼸λʦʦһ
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ڣҶˣ
ȫµ磬Ҷ۷֮·Ŀʼ


ʮһ ۷֮· 193 ϣ£
ڣڼΪƣһƬɽϡ磬һŨʺĶ츣أҪںϣҪɽ
һƬɽ忴ƽǰǵ߹ȥʱȴ·ȴݡ֮ǵĽų̣Ƭɽ֮¡ľɫĵطƺûʲôͬҶȴɽּ䷢һ·
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þݱģ뾪ȡ
ϢڡԼǰ֮һѧʥءڵʦѧ䣬Żص΢Ǽ紴ڣʵϵĹֻڹ·֮ϣļ
ֻǵɫȴǼΪƽҶʮ˽һ·δܹܵ˿е־κ˰ĸо
ʦҲڵӣ⡭ֻ̫˼ˡϸһ룬ȴ֣ȫܡ괫ʦ磬Ҳʦӻء
Լǵı飬Ҳµǵ뷨ͷòʦȷʵڡңʦžޣǧѾ̤أΪڵһˡ⣬Ӧöʦ¡
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Сͣһ£һڡ۾һ̣ƺȫѾУȫĵҰķ㣬Ϊƽһ̾ͳ
Ҷ۾һһĻоȻһֿһûĸоϣȻһѾƬΪһĸоƺһƬ֮䣬ǽƿôһƬоͻһڶӶٲЭ
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Ҷ棬Ҷ滹ǲءĿƺʲôһִĸоһ޷ݵĸоǵ޷ԼҲ֪⾿Щʲô
ֻǣһָоܹôϵ˵ױȵľ޴
ʱͻվǰһۣٶȵ̤ǰ·;Դվһ̣Ǹ֮еĸоʧˣҶüͷ΢壬ɵΪ֮ѡ

ɽ߷壬ǰɽ壬ǸһƬɽΪߴġ
˵˰ɽǰĵ·ͻȻһʯ׶Ȼһ֮˵ǰ˵·ɽеС·ôǰģĹ
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ҶипǴ˼ɣȻܹɽ֮У˺Ĺ̡治ֻ֪£ġҲ֪ҪٿܻأûûҹƴĹ̡
ɽϷ͵Уȴǳǹ¶һ޴ĳǳءҲΡޱȡ
ݡ
ҶԶ֮ʱȴϷĹâһһ̶ļХʱɶһֻɫĳӵ·Աߣ϶µĺХһ˵ƺƴ󣬵ȴ׼ǡ

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΢΢һ֪ǱѲߵӷˡҲš
˾Ϳһ˴ɽϷɱ¡
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ǺˣصأĪ룡ڿҶ֮ҲֹǰУֻһܿΪǸӱϵĽŮӡģȻΪʾЩ˵Ϊǿࡣ
ţͷŮӣƽʦôһ˿ƣ
Ϊ˽˴˿̣ȴҲ޷³Щ˵⡣ļУƺδЩˡǣûж⣬ůʵλصء֪λν£
ڴˣҲڴܿ죬ϣ׵˶ΪԭȵٴУͱˡֱóһöдšء֡ʶöơ
ǣ˵ɫʱһ䣬ֵ̿ˡ֪λʦ£
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öءǱʾڵĵϵӵܡ󣬾׽Ļ׹һʹʵ΢ǣȴ˲áö֣ڣ˸ǡ
΢΢ͷҽЩˣ΢еĵӡʮδؼ壬㲻ʶңҲ㡣գһŵĴӣͲҪڴˡǻҪ·
ԭʦ塣Ѿڴ˹ʱˡѾӵʦǰ塣ʦŵģʦͼλʦ֣԰ʦ£ھ£Ҳ֪
壿һɽô֪ѵ⼸ʮ½ģ
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һ·ϣҶѾ֪ʮУǬ׷峤ϵһĴӡıݶۣϣסҶͬʦֵܡ
ֻҶ˶Ѿͨ鼶ľӢӼ𣬼ں󣬺пֵܱӴֱӽڡ־ͱһ
ڣΪΪΪһͻ죬ӡͻưؾӡڽӽµĵӣԣΪ鷳ڣԼ״ӣ౲֣ǰΪۡ磬ѲɽӣڽҶˣҪƺʦ塣
һΪͻ֮ţһɳΪʦϡ
ѲɽӽҶ͵⣬ĵǰӭӡѲɽӵĽܣǶʱסʦ΢ǵĽܳ²С
λʦ֣λʦ壬ϢȥʦʦǳܹܣƽʱһλͿ֪ŻعĵӣܿͻӱǿԵġ
ֻǣλӻδ˵꣬ȻһЦ
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˷ǳףⲻʵ壬ֵֶΡԪǧÿһڡֻҪһ겻Ϳ𡣿νǧ򻯡
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ΪԼĸ˽뿪壬ϵ΢ʮꡣع飬ҲΪΪסԼʵǿǣﵽ磬ǾͲͬˡǿǼУǿߣҲʮˡνǽĲ֡
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ЦãЩʱգǰһǰսʱǵΪؽͻͽΪҳ
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Ҿ£󣬽ǵĴϡ֮⣬£׼ҡµ۾ȻΪߣڰգֵ
ǰһһƮȻͣҶǰ
Ҷ棿ղ˴ѶңҺúָһ㣬ҳɣ


ʮһ ۷֮· 194 񽣣׺磡
ָңҲ̫˰ɣ
Ҷ治ԣһۣͷҶȥ
СһЩϹЩǡ
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ռؼ㣬΢ϵڻкüҶɽߡ
ͻȻͣ½Ų˫ֳտ˿ͻȻһɫӿסҶ棬ֱģƶһǣҶ棬ȴǲڵϣΪʵڡ
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´Ҷ棬һֱӷ˳ߴ
ֱ͵ɽ壬ɽǽϣ໹Сɽ塣ЩСɽмѩǡ
Ҷ汻´ţֱӷɵߵһİطһƬĽɫͱڣϡϡٿббɡЩεͱڣбб̽ȡͱڸˮ˵ˡ
ʮͷ׺Щִ׳´ҶɽʱЩ׺׷׷׳䣬Ķž޴ĳڿշµͷ裬ӭµĹ
ͱɽɵĵطһƬƽأйΣ滨һƬ·żûоϸӹʯӣƽصľͷһɵĶһ鵭ɫҶǶڶϷʯϣĸ֡

Ҷ泯ǲӿŨĶڿһۣͼæһŤͷȥҶ࿴Ӧþǳصء´ҶͼǳԡǾҪҶ湦
ǣҶϾǸոڣôܣһͱ´ֻܵط
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Ҷ澪ȵȷʵؽ֮ǰô֪˵꣬Ҷ¶յı飬ֻǣĿǰоƿ޷ٽһ֪ͻƣ
⻰һ˿֣ƿˣôܣŶͣΪͨ۷壬Ľôܾ͵ƿأѵѾǽʦ磡ⲻܣ
µͷ˼ɽ紵ͷһԺ衣
Ľʹһ飬ҿ
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ҶҲ˵ʲôͽؽռڳ
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Ҷؽ֣˵ƾͲһˡʼϵıǴһ
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һЦʱ۽üҵĲɣͳضʧӰ٣һŭŵɽһһܰоҶ֪ѾǼˣɱЦŪһˣŮʱָжˣ
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վͷѡΪ壬һûдǣȴǹؼڡΪǷԪ
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Ҷ˼µһЦֵЩףСһ£ûˮԪ֮ĸؽмΪ
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⣬м£ұ㣬ҪסҲڵһأÿ˶ء
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ףǡҶüͷ
½͵⹱ڿǱĹ׵ʾ磬һ޵ƤëϡеԵõ׵㡣Ȼ󣬱Щ׵㣬ȥڣһҩǷ׽һģΪ׵ýڡ
ȻʵҪù׵㣬򵥵ľȥնɱħϾħУնɱħħ֣ǹ¡նɱһħõϿɣõһξϴ񡣷Ҳǿ
Ҳ£ܼ򵥵ľͽЩһһʮĶҶûʲôֵģܿ죬Ҷͻ֪
ˣҵĻ˵պ飬պ˵
ӸˡҶ湰־Ҫȥ
һȡһ֪ͳһʳݸҶ档һκϯķҶ屻ǺһϮëȻһľʹ˸ս
Ѿһؽǣȴһ񽣡編ܣĻɱס㡣⼸Ĳƽ齣㣬Ļ񽣡ҺѪʹ۰򣡡
˽Ϊ׺磬ҵȥϹʿ齣֮һǡеУˮԵġʺ㡣
ֽҶ棬ƺʲô飬Ըٶ̸һӣһɫƽض𣬽ҶͳʮأҶصʱ򣬸պڸղŵĴ֮⡣


ʮһ ۷֮· 195 ޺
ʱҶп˼£ʱ޿̲Ҷ顣ԭΪʮرʿĶ壬ʱŷǶô档
֮ͨôͨзΪأԼܴﵽʲôأʱҶڱ֮Ŀã֮ʱ򣬱һĿ꣬̽ߵĸ߷塣
ж־ķҶ棬ΪᱻССĳڵǣԼľʣҪġҾڵʱ䣬̽ߵļ˰ɡҶֳؽ쳤Х
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·ҲܵҶĺ׳־̬ĸı䣬һʱ侹Ȼ˺
ҶоһľԼϴˢһ飬ͻȻ֮һֱƿ֮ΪȻɶơ
һ;ۡ
ҶΪ˵ʮУʱ̲űһ;һζ׷ɱ¾ȴԼС˴
µһ֮Ҷéٿͬඥ㣬õ˼Ľš
ʵ޵˺棬ȫ˵ľϵĸ򣬸ͲƾԼ޾ܹġ
ͻȻԼһ֮Ҷ棬·Լٴξһֻһ·۹ж֮ǰһˡ
Сʦû°ɡڴһֱȺҶĺϣף޵ĵʵ
ڵҶ˫ͬ嫰ã·ֻҪǿȥһۣ鲻ıĿȥ
û£ʦôңʦأҶϣ׵Ľ˲ͻָ˳̬˵
ʦȥǴĵطˣҪģʦ˼ȴһ㣬˵ʲôΪ̫ˣ˼ҵϣһ̾꼫ΪίǵҶ涼̲סЦ
ǻǷʦִ·ǸϽȥǵסɡҶ˵ûеȵϣ׷Ӧ˹ȥ
ʱ򣬺ϣ׻þòܹӸղŵ֮л
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оҶ·ⷽռһ
ԼͺǾκеһҶֻۣҪҶ涯ָܹҪԼ
ȻҶûΪȴԼΪʲôҪָо
ʦҶ֮󿴵˵
ǰʲôָҪ֪ǰȻŮݣΪȴ֮ڿŵǰʮġԼͽ˵ıҲǷǳĸˡ
ǰһ齣Ի׺硣Ҷ˿ΪûûĽ죬ҲǸͲẦġ
ǰĺܲȻ׺͸ˣȥҪǰһġ
Ҷ˵һˣȥԵסˡ
ȺڣôҲǹͣȻӭӡ
ˣӲֻǼһ㣬Ȼ˲ܹڴ֮У¶Աߵ˵
кαԼأѲ͹ϵˣƾΪڣһ֮ˡ쿴²ϧ˵
ֻҪһžԶֻ˵Ůµƽ˵
̾һҲٹȰ⣬Ҳ֪µĽ᲻ô׾ͽ⿪ġ
ȻǽڣôһжҪڹظ̫չˣҪ᰿졣˵꣬ԼӰȻ鵮Ȼʧˡ
ʵղȥɱħߵֻһ߷ѣħͲֵ
Ҷʱڣûзȥ˽ڵһЩϰ֮⣬ʱ䶼µı׺硣
ʱ˽⣬ҶҲԸ̾׺棬齣ȥ˻֮⣬żٸεĹܣȻϱȲؽϸͲؽ֮¡
һͷ۵⣬ҲҶǰ
ڵĵǳԵĶͲͨеʳһֽԪ鵤ҩ
ֵҩĺôֱ޷ģżʮͽÿֵܹҶеҲֻһö
żͻΪҶ˵һöҩԶԶģҪõԪͱŹ׵Ķ
ҲϽһЩڵƤëǣҩ֮ණȡԪ
Ļͬ˵۽Ȼǲͬ
ԭУҶݣҲλ˳ݣЩȴһҲûС
Һãÿһ£ڻῪ޺һΣԼĵȥɱޣһǶԼɵӵʵսҲΪԪԼ
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ģǲҲǰ޺ҶԼڵطЦʵ
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̫ˣһֻһöҩǲòʳʦֽ𲻻۵˵ҲҶʲôˡ
ˣȻĸ˶ҪȥҲͷˣ޺Ա˴˵ϣҲҪСģе޿쳣ͣҪ̰סԼΪҪġĸӶ
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˸ܵǵĹģһů
ڶ޺ˡ
ںҲҶڳǧĵм䣬ûκ˵ע⡣
õĶ鹫ӣﲻĿȴΪ߹֮࣬գϣ޲ŵ㷢Ǳĸ顣
ĹӰɣ
ҶòĴһƬЦ
̨ϳϺȻڵλһ޺ҪˣǲҪң޺ʱҪȥΪµĵһ룬ʣµĵڶ롣Ҫ̫ڸ߹ԼΪÿ޺ʱŲĵӣ˵ڶڷ
˵Ǹϱ䲻˵·ĻѾ˵ǧΣǲͷˡ
Ҷ֪ĳϵĻΪȻϸ߹Լʵʵ̫ˣˣ۸ֵ͵ķҲͲ˸еϧ
κʱĵ˶ԼϲԼʵˡ
ŵһ޺ܾĿ˲֮ĵĵʧˣʣµЩڵľӢӡ
˵һ飬Ϊûдﵽصͽ뿪飬صԼסԸְԭǸ֪ĳٴ˵һ飬ȴûյκλش
ҶǸϵĻ֮ҲʼעܵǣǻķżλΪڵص˼档
Щһֺһµһ
ˣҶȻǲȥᣬڵҲ޺˺֮ġȻǸ޵սǣϾҶطĵһս뵽Ҷ治ɵѪ


ʮһ ۷֮· 196 Ԫŷ籩ʧ
޺λע⡣ϴڵ˵
ΪȻܹڵڶŵΪĵӡҲȥܣ޵һ;һԴԼԼԼֺαأ
Ǹϵָ£ҶоԼͻȻʼ˲·ҪԼɽȥһ̫ǿҶоֻҪԼ΢Ϳѡ
ЩڵĵǣһɣûκνšҶҲ˶Ǽϻ֮Ȼ֪ڵطҪǴ͵޺ڵĴˡ
ָоڵһ˵еš֮ǰҶû˵ΪĴ󣬷Ĵܲܲá
ĽҶֻǸоǰһڣʹԭĵطʧˡ
ǣƾֱܹܵĳϣǾԶĵط
ܵЩҶ΢΢ķΪԼŵ˵ȻܹһְȫУİȫνԷʵĴС
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ĵһδ͵Ҷ棬ͻȻһԼҪ͵޺˲䣬Ȼ֣ǰԶͻȻ˾޴籩
籩֮ǰκ籩ͬ·籩û̺ʲôƻΨԸ洫͵ķһ
ãʱôԪŷ籩һֱƹǰ޺ĴǸϣоǰ춯ͻȻĲȻƹܴ˵õȥ޺ʵֻͨһľ硣ʱ޷ǿйرͨ
Ҷ淢侪šԼײǸصķ籩󣬵׻ʲôǺǣýֺͷ룬֪϶Ǻ¾Ͷˡ
Σʱ̣Ҷȥͨͬеĺϣˣķ֣ΪǸ籩ԭԼȻȫܲ˵Ϣ
ۿԼҪײǸ籩ˣҶһҧʹԼռ֮Уóʱ͸̡֮Уھؾʿûа취ɵķУΨн̲ſԡ
Ҳеڵĵӣÿ˶һ̣̱Ͳʲô֮ҶȴΪס
óҶҲ˲˼ȫ߶һԻȥƽĿռ֮Уڴ·ϣ̴ĻĿνġ
ҶֻǵԼֻ΢΢Ļ˺̵ܶһξ룬ȫǸصķ籩ˣԼ·Ҳһ֪ա
ʱڣǸϣڸܵ޺һˣȻԪŷ籩֮ûκԥ˲ʹ߶˴ԼҲ޺Ĵֻ֪ҪûеͨʿǸԪŷ籩ûκεֿ֮
Ԫŷ籩˵˾ͿռЩͨµĵӣҲ޷ֿġЩӢǣ͵˲֪Ŀռ䣬Ҫܵʲô鷳ˣʹˣ
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ҲҪţڴˣ֤϶ھ˴Ѷ
̫ˣɳϸˣϵŵǷ֪ڣǵǱסˡ
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ϴһǸԪŷ籩ץȥ
ͻȻϵϴˣ˿״ЩƺԽ˲䣬Ԫŷ籩ֹȥ
ͨʿѾԳ֮ΪˡΪʿܹƿռ֮ˣʹôҲܹ˺ѿռ䴩Խȥ
ǣͣǳķҲǳĲȶֻǣʱѾ˲ôˡϵĸ棬ڵӺܿоԼԽٶȣ·һ˲Ļޱȡ
ĸܵ˾޴ѹԼڽǸԪŷ籩ͬʱñϼӵİȫȷеġֻǣʱҲòƴˣֱʹóԼѪ֮
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Ҫ֪ͨʿԼľѪǸʱľѪ˵ΪĸѪصĻ˵ʵܾͻԶͣͲǰˡ
һѪ˲ûиܵκѪȵζܵ˵ҩˡͨǿߵľѪǧ챦ΪûǸͨǿߣʹԼľѪ
ˡ
һ㾫Ѫųռ֮жȾѪɫһ˲䣬еˣ·𶼸оһصܹԼ壬ԭΪǸʲô籩Ŀֻţ˲ʧˡ
𣡡
֮дһǸԪŷ籩ǿķ֮£Ȼ˲ͱˡ֪ĽͲܹάֶãڿûʱ˷ѡ
ǶĴܣһϢʱܶˡ
ᣬԭĴٴαˣǣ˲ͱͽ޺ڡ
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˴󲿷ֵĵǰȻҲ΢΢ķ
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ֻһˣûзʲôĴѡ
ΪҶԼܹѣһӵȫϡ
С˵ţϾͿٵʧСѾ˷һѪøϿȥˣֻһӣûбҪȥ㱨
ȴ֪Ϊûл㱨ֱӳŭȻûʲôӰ죬ҲסǸҶСˡ
Ҷ棬ʱڱ˲֪Ŀռ֮󣬴ʱյľ޴˺
˺󣬲ͨǿߣֵסҶ滹ûüЧĵֿѣ˹ȥҲһû˵֧ţԼǿķһʱ䡣
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ҶͻȻܵһصĵڵϡ
ʹԭڵ䵽˵ϵ˲䣬Ҷͱˡ
ʲôط
Ҷţܿվؽ䱸Ŀܡ
һƬޱȵԭʼɭֳǰңɭиܵ˼ֲϢ뵽֮ǰһУҶܿˣԼڶͬʧɢˡ
ʲôط֪


ʮһ ۷֮· 197 ľ䣡

Ҷһ
ãЩǿĴھһԶܵļͷޣܶҲӰ졣Ҷ濴ܵһУ侪šȻ֪ԼΪڴʹ̣ű͵طġ
Уǿ󣬱ԭصĶࡣȻҶΪѾﵽͨ۷֮УǲܹӳԭΪ
ҵûˣǲеˣȷԼûʲôƣҲԼûжʧʲôҪĶҶŰ
žડ
Ҷọ́ʼȷλ
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Ѹٵתţʼȷλ
Ҷǳʱÿһֶ̡̲̣ͬͨҪãЩΪûдﵽĵӣӵжд
ȫͬ΢ǣ΢編ܵͣĹȴǺܼ̣ͺʲô֮ĶȴȫͬУеĵطռ䷨̣ǣеĵط֧ŹȴǷǳĲȶ
ЩȶĵطǴͷѵĽء
ˣУռԪŷ籩飬ʱзǣһ£ЩԪŷ籩ȽҲٷȶϣһҶǰ޺ȻᷢԪŷ籩ָʼ֮һ

ڲˡ
̫ˣҵλˣ
ȷԼλҶһϲλϿûб͵֪ĵطǵһڣ޺·̵ĵطʲôطҶͲ֪ĶֻܹȷλáΪֻһָǷ
ڵĵӾݵֻ·̡ȻˣôҾͲż֮֮źʦǼˣҲһܹ鸣죬ΪĵġҶ뵽
ݣ
ҶԼϢٵǰǱ˹ȥĶϢ쳣ȫǳ˾è

ڵ޺ڡ
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ӹϣ׵ĳһֻؾҵǣǰ˲䱻гɺüΡĽʬȡԼĻС
صУϣȴ²ߣǵĶ˵ʦ֣ʦ㣬˵СʦܲʲôΣհɣ
ޣСѻ죬мСʦܵΪߣΪͣ㶼ûСʦôΣءûеȵ𲻻شСаϣס
ʦ㣬ⲻҲǹСʦ𣿡һֱŭĸϻСаŵúϣˡ
ϲŭ޳Ķʦ㣬ϣ׿һֱԶ֮˭ڣΪ͵ģΪŵȻСаϲⶼǱǼΣ֮ʵϣѾΪΪֵܺĺ顣
ʦʲôأ˼Ľ𲻻Саʵ
ղСʦ֣ܳһǲܹǲƻƤëһ͹˷ѵ˼ΡĻǵļֵܹ֮һʦܣҲ̫ˡ
ʦ֣ڻЩ˽𲻻ĳ̾Саźϣײû³ѪⶼʲôʱˣԼ̰ƵʦֻЩ
ҲͱˣСʦܾԲǶˣпܣǼòء𲻻˵ķӦ˵
ò˵ûҶ£Σʱ̣ǼУǽ𲻻Ϊȣ£Ҫ⡣
ʲôأѵǾͲȥѰСʦ𣿡ϣȻһֱŵ󣬵ǼУҶʶ磬ȻҲ
𲻻۾оķǸ籩ʱСʦΪ侲ܲײǸ籩Ծȥ˱ĵطǲʲôΣյġ
ȻӱϿ𲻻е㺩ɵ˼ܣŹ֮ҲͲںϣ׺Са֮£ҲᱻΪͽܡ
ϣ𲻻ĻҲҶ̲סĺǼǸϿɱޣûȥȡԪֻҪֵܣһͻƣΪǿߣǾҲõķˡ
У㣡ǳΪ֣Сʦܿ϶ǵһʦǵڶǵԼ롣СаһĴ
ϣСаʦ㣬ΪߣҪĻǸŮġ
ϣΪԼǸзȵˣȻСа졣
ؼǶ
ʱ𲻻ȻŲһ٣ָǰ۷ĻħܣɱܹȡٿԪİϣͷܵʵ࣬ʦԸҪúĥΪڣֵʱˣ
ϣΣֻܴһɱ
Ȼͷùħܳ˹ȥȻúϣɱУСаͽ𲻻˵Ľ¶Ϊңڻźϣ׳˹ȥ
УŽ𲻻Ӳزūڣ޺οɾˡǱ𲻻ޣֻҪΪǵ͵ģܶͣ𲻻ɱ¾սԼռ֮ڡý𲻻Ļ˵С⡣
Ȼϣ׸Саˣܲϰķʽһʱ֮󣬾㣬ոյջ㹻ȡԪ̲֮ס̾ǸŴʦֻǰ;
ҶжȴǸŽ𲻻ȫ֪ͬһİĵطֻԼûкԮ£Ҷ֪һжСġҶ沢ûнνɱ֪ɱѪζǿޡ
ʲôޣҲӣֱӵˡޣܹ˺յĴڣҲǰܡ
ʱȥ졣
ҶƬԭʼɭֵǰ죬ûɱκޣһֱ۲ܵҲΪԼһƬĵϤ֮ʲôΣҲʡĻŲ·ӴܡӶӮõ
ڣô̽ΣҶҲһķ֡
ţˮϣȻһֻľҶһޣ˫˷
ǳʱһ޺棬һݷǳͼȻһ˵޵ʵԽǿǵļֵҲԽǷ⡣
ʱ֮ڣҶ;ķ֣Ƭɭ֮Уһֻľľһֲ̬ޡޣ޲ͬǲǿ̻Լ
ͨɢһ֣ζ޵ĵӶǸĴ֣ЩްסǵӶԼΪ
޼ƻֲ̬ûͻƳΪ֮ǰûʲôǿˣǶóԼϢ
ҶһֱСĹ۲ܵԼϢȫͲ֣ᷢǿŲޱľ
޵ľԭǣǱľԵޣͻƳΪ˲䣬仯Ϊ̬ӶӵʺΪǣΪؾתľԾڵĹЧ
Ȼ
һЩѾΪͨʿ˵ӰٰʮͲʲôǶЩһֱھ۷壬ͨ龳Ŀ˵ʮһļʣͻΪΪǿߡ
һľԵüˡ
Ҫ֪Ϊʵĵҩкܹܶ࣬ĶΪϡ٣Ըǿĵҩֵǣ
һҶ淢ǱľΧȴʱ
ҶͨôĹ۲췢֣ľҲǴڵھؾڣͻƳΪ绹Զȫƿ֮СȻľޱϾޣںܶطǸûа취ȵġ
ҶǰɸߣʮֱĲ¶΢Ц
ΪͲʲôıǾľܹһЩѾ΢ǵľϣӶƾӴõؾľԵ


ʮһ ۷֮· 198 мս
Ǹľ·Ҳൽһ˿Σս٣ʱѾȫԼϢҶϸоҲֻᷢһȽԵľˣͲΪҲһͷޡ
ǣΧҶ滹ܹһЩΪľ޵ĴڣΧûκ޵ĴڣԵ쳣ļžֲȴ쳣ïʢ
ǽƻĺܡˣֻ˵ĲˡҶĳԼؽǰӴľƶȥ
ǣҶϣǸľûκζ·ľһ㡣ΪԼϢı£Ͳᱻʿ֣ȴ֪ϴʳʱһжҶ濴ˡ
ȻӱϿҶޱȣȴûκηɡ֪ܹ˾ؾޣʲô֮Ȼ˵ľԵޣ̫ɫȴشĸϣЩط໹Ҫ
Ҷ沢ûżһֱƣһ̣ͼԼƬռںϽȥȻľĹôǵܼܣȷʵ쳣ĸڼԭʼɭУľսӵĻҶҪץסһɱĻ»˷Ѻֽܴţܣľʹܡ
һʱ֮䣬Ҷ·ؽȫںһ𣬷Բ֮ڣȻ׹˸ռ·𶼱סһƺƬռѾȫ֮УƬռˡ
ڿԼ˿ռ֮ԼģȻڵΪȲǽԼľռ䣬һ޻ǿġ
ҶľȫƬռ䣬ܿͷǸ޴ľ쳣ΪľôҲ޷Ƭռ䣬ȫΪƬռѾˣ˾ľޡ
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ҶȻһ
̨Ԥ׵ĸֳһģͷ˲˽ɫѪɫǸֳɫ׵Ԫһ̣Ҷϣɢϵơռ·ѹ²оԼһȭһɽͷ
̬µҶ棬ΪǿģΪġڿħ֮Ҷٶȼӱʵʵֱĸ֡
һΣҶľ־ڱصá
ϹѵΪͣûʲôĻĻͲʲôͻƣҪľ͸ĻѲһ˿ͻһ˫˫ɡ

ҶһŭȫɢǿϢΧľǿϢ£ЩȽѾĻҷˡ
ľʱǸУԵüΪšʱѾȫȷʿΪģڿʼʱȻоԼ򲻹ܻ࣬ûġ
ûܣΪʵ᲻Ӫ˼ĸء
û˴ϼ꣬ʮ꣬ȫŻһͻƵ硣
ȵǸʱ׵Ĵȫȥ֮ΪľȻʵҲȫСӡѾǧҵģĻҵٻõһǧ꣬ʱпܴﵽ硣
б֮£˵ޡ
𣡣
ΪΣʱľҲ̲סˣоԼٲ֡¾Ҳûлˡһ޺ҶоԭԼƬռӲļ˳ӶԼʧȥ˶ƬռĿơ
üһȻ
Ҷ治ϲ˽˵ʱȷ˵ĻܻռȻȫ˽Ļˣܵõ벻ЧĵһսҲǸľ޵ĵһսҶȻҪ˽һеսʽ
ΪƾڵΪؾڵޣͶʲôв˵Ϊǿħ
ľһΧľ·ǳʲô˷ܼһʼ賤ȻľīɫͬĴǣץ˹
ȻɫǴȻΪϲɫЩɫĴǣţţ滹ǲʱصһЩīɫ֭ҺȴǼΪġ
Ҷ֪ĻЩ滹̺ž綾ޱȵĶء
׺磡
һ׺
˲䣬׺񽣻ΪİɫߣҶһƥɫĳУҶһʹҶȫܲ͸硣񽣣ͬڹķһûʲô̶̬սʱ򣬽ȫҲ
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ĸүү͸ıڣ˵˾ūţͼˣȻںȻһĸ֣ļȴ⣬һүүȻǶ簮ޱȡ
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ʮһ ۷֮· 200 ֮
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ʮһ ۷֮· 201 ΧɱԹ
ʱУŸɫģС̫ĸȦȼڵĻ棬ɢޱȳȵĹâ
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ʮһ ۷֮· 202 ʱϵջ
ҶĬĬעżȥһ˿ɱ䡣
һ¸ղűǾ˵ĵطʱѾɢһĸо˿ϵס
Ҷ治ɸ̾Ԫ棬ֻҪƲ̫صĻϣƾԼָ
Ǹӵܣҵˣүү죿ؾ߼ǿߣѵΪиǿƵүүÿ˶ҪɫȻɱĸˣѵһɱӵǲ֪
Ȼ˵շҪ޺ɱңһΣҿ˭Ҷкܿ˾ϣȻ⼸ҪأȻҲŹЩˡʲûʲô£ȴ֣֮Ȼưոݡ
ҶһԹˣո˲ףͶɱ֡һŹ
ʱҶǵûȥĵĸЩ˵һ·ϣҶͺһޱȵˣЩϢۼ׷Ѱˡ
ҲǸŹˣÿһط±˲֪ǵһŪ޴ĶҶͲÿѰңܹҵ˵λáҶ沢ҿ̫ȻǸΪ߷ֲĸΪǿһֱӰıͲҶһ㵥ɱĻᡣ
Ҷ沢ûд
ڵȻᡣ
֪ĸҲиʱ
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ʱһȥˣһֱɭѰľϢ
һ·ϣֻ̽ѰľԵϢޣͲȤľͲôҵģǴﵽؾľΪ䡣
޵໺֪ٱǧУǻΪͨĵ͵ʱϢΨһıֶΡңһʼʱЩ޸û̫ߵǵ棬ǿűܡ
ЩޣͲѧϰǰµľһоƾԼıֻǣ֮ȻҲԼơ
Ǿó䣬ң޵ǳƾãɵĻǧꡣңܶ޵嶼ǳǿԶͬ׵ǿࡣҲΪǵṩ˺ܴơ
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ӣγʱѾܳˣǲӦøûȥˣ߶˵ɫЩԥȻǳԼ˵ӭһ
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ȥҪǾȥˣʲô͸ҵѵȫҵ𣿿ɶһγҪõľĵģҿֻȥ𣿻ǣ뿴˶ߣۿźߡ
ߣٶ˵ɫһԵʹվӲõǣ֪ʱ䣬򱦸ٰһǳᣬľȻϡУּϣҲľ𣿡
ĻǿԿǡüͷ΢΢չ
˼˵̸ҶУɱһ׷ӵѾˣǣûκλᡣ
Ȼʿ˵²ʲôٹǻȥڵĴ󣬾ҪˡεĿҪٵһ²ܻصڡ
ҲżڣΣһ⣬ǸͲ֪ʲôط϶Ϊʲô⡣Ը˺Ϲѵǣԣò˼ɱĴ㡣
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޺ڣؾҲ̫ҶܹڿʼʱǸؾľҲǳĴɡ
Ϊ׷ɱ˷˲ʱ䣬Ҷʱŷ֣Լ޺ĴľԶ·ٶȾ˼¡УֻһӰ˸
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𲻻ĺϣ׵ļ򣬰οģǸϷ¹ʣһǻȥͨţʦΪͨȻСʦܣȻСʦܳģˡ
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Ҷһ󣬿ռ俪ʼϵŤ
һ룬ǳڵĴ㳡ϣ뿪ʱĵط


ʮһ ۷֮· 203 ø֮ţ
ڵĴ㳡ϣռһŤãҶͬʦʦͬʱ֡
Сʦܣεջ϶Сɣ֮ǰԪŷ籩ǵˡһ޺һ˱˽ȥǡϣ׿źҶ棬һŵҲڷˡ
ҶϲĿԼʦʦ㣬˵ǺǣȷʵͦùģҵջǻȻС鷳λó˵ƫڼʱϻˡ߰ɣȥѲ϶һԪҿǵջҲһٶ١
޺׷ɱ飬ûиʦǶ˵ΪϣҲžһԷ֪ݣܻʦ鷳뿴ĽԼȥ֪˭µ֣ϵġ
һ˸ڵӣһԪƷҶһõڵëƤǵȲ϶ȥҲֻľʬܹһʮ๱׵㣬쵽һٶԪΧ𾪲ѡ
ǡľСӾȻʵնɱؾ۷ޣǿҪҲܸʦһжͺˣջ϶ҪڷϼһؾĵӿҶȡĲϣ۾ˣʶĳԵ˵
㣿ͱˣΪʦֿܸһҲʲôΪʵʵһɣ
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⻹һЩŮӣסĶҶһۣǿóһ˾ǱɣҪܴùϵĻպõԪͲ÷ˡʵΪĵطܶŮӶֶΣȥһЩΪĵӣҲϧ
Χӵ۷׷ףϣ׵ҲһԾı飬ԶһԪ󣬸ϽҶ뿪Ⱥ֪Ʋ©ĵҪǱĻ˸ϣǿɾ鷳ˡ
ڵʮƽﾭеʧ٣޵ĿУԼͬʦֵܵϡڸ߲Ҳֻһֻ۱һֻֻۣҪ˸ǲܵģʤ̭Ĵ󻷾£ԵǵĽһô
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ǰβŶһʮԪ޺˱޻࣬ҵû˷ֵʵ̫ˣϣҲһϣĿ⿴Ҷ棬Ǻ֪Ҷ浽ȥʲôطȻҵôޡ
ҶЦ˵ȰǻǱȥˣΪʵ̫գкܶʵǿ޳֣ҶСĶţڼ仹˲أȥҲֲô
ʲôޣҵţǲûϷˣСаʦԾŴͣҶ·ڿޣȻգСʦܻǱȡô޲ϣǱ̬
Ҷת룬ȻﲻʺʦȥǴ޺ŵǱߵĻϲʵһЩҲ˵ǰο֮ǰԪŷ籩Ƕ·ҵĵط´ȥԳǸ̽һԣӦʵµޡ
һʱϲüңд´һҪȡһЩ޲ϣڵԪЧǿЩûнĵ˵ÿһŶ൱ޣܹ޲ϵĻǵ
һԼԪҶһ£ȷһԪƾͿԴ֮Ž׽ϴˣһٳ磡
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һſԪڻڿУҶڵʼ緭ӿŭſһ㣬ھһٶԪ൱޵ԪÿֻһſܻоʲôһȥĻǹɱŰԪ֮Ӵ֪
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ͬʱߴһУ´ӴȻתѣ֮ǰҶϲһֻҪҶﷶΧڣһһܱϤҶϵϢʮֱң˲˴Ϊĵҩ¡
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˫ӶһעҶѨڣѹЩƲסıԪ¾ؾĸ֣ڷȻҪҶĶ࣬ʩΪ£ƽҶڵ״
ãҶ۾ͻȻһµĺŮϥԼ棬һݣллʦ֮
㲻ض񣬸ղһرΪԪ׷һγô࣬ôģ
һһ˫κζ˫ŭҶ档ղŵȷʵʮΣգһѹƲסǰԪˣҶ汾ˮԪ֮ԼԪЭĻղǱ֣֮
ҶҲ֪ղȷʵ̫ˣΪЩԪͿԴﵽ֮ŵҪ󣬿û뵽Ȼ㱻űһʱͷ亹²ѡ
Ҫ֪򲻴ɲǵϦ֮ɵ顣Ҫ߽ݾ˲ΪǸܵġҩ֮չȻܸȴһǶպٷҿɲٹˣ
µĻֱָҶ汾ģ֮ǰȷʵôģӦһ´ٸһǧԪҲôˡһʱʱϲǰ̼Ҹоһ˿ˣǲǿԿ֮ţ׽ϴ˰
˵ͷޱ˵ţղҰѶԪĵڣھͳƳĻɹƾնɣҲøɣ
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ʮһ ۷֮· 204 ɫƣڲͬ
պȻһŵĽơ
ҶҪ֮ţ׽ˣ
ţôɫƣǽƵɫ¶ʱһ£ؾ۷ͻʱĽӦǺɫŶԣҶҪٵľȻϵڵĹƣô£
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յѯʺ󣬳æ·Ѷ£ɫ׽ô¶ҶСӸİɣ
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һ˼ܾɣ֮Ǹǿи棬ֻ׽ټẦ
ᱻ׽ģĲ»е㲻ģݵദѾϿҶľǿ츳һӾʹ䡣
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¼ӣЩε˵мұһ£׽ٸ˵Ĳͬ˵ĶǺɫƣġѾϵķˣ׽Ҫ࣬Ҫȫ׼ǧҪӣ
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ڿʼԴˣ²ݸһЦοҲ׽ǲģ˵Ϊ㱾Ҳ׵֮ԵʣҪĥ¡Ҳ㲻ˣһСİɣ
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Ȼ˺ңʲô;ɣӲ£Ҷ泯һŭȣֳؽңָ죬һµĺȻҲӲһһ
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ʮһ ۷֮· 205 壡
⣬㿴ɽǱߵ׽𣿡
ڵһСؾ߱ţһɫ˷ܵǸտСʦϴһֻűȻôֵĽףһӾǶʮҵǸôʹûô˵ĳ棬ҪƵģˡ
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Ҳһļѿڶˣ⡭ѵǴ˵е壿Ȼ۾ȴܹΧһͶУ۾ĸ
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Ҷ·ѱջ٣һ˿ңû꣬±ߺͷת˹ȥͬʱرԼӦΪ³ͻȻղһÿ
Ȼ屻´˳ҶʶҲ˲ĴˣһֱûתѹűһҶһ·Цžȥ½ɫҲʮϲá
ֻʵ̫ںһγֻǧǰڵ伮ϵļأλӵĸʮ۷徳磬浱жھ۷Ĵڣ
֮ԺΪҪϵƣҪ۷׽ٵ׽䣬ܹͬӿǧдؿ̵£ܹһλӵߡ
ҶɹĴ˵ԺֻҪܹһֱȥɱ;ܹΪһʮ۷徳ĸ֣
ڵҲΪ֮£һʮ۷ֵԶ׼ˣδҶ棬ڳΪǿɣû֮һ
ͬʱҶҲڽһϵеı仯еľ͵ȫڵԪѪȫӿԲʶУʶȫδеȣ֮ӵԲصشϸ΢Ѩϣ׷ױ
еԪѪתţ·𹹽һ棬Ԫһ鲻ͣѹᴿѪеʱһһֱһںϳΪһʥ׹壬Ժתţı־ԴԪ
ԴԪ֮ϣһ͸ϸ߾Ǵ˵е֡ͨ־͵ͬ٣ʮߣֻе׶һССĹ֣Ҫȫﵽᴩ֣֪Ҫõʱ䡣
ҶԵȻǰһƽйǳ׽ٵһϢڸ߲ѹˣǲñ֪飬ȻЩˣͨǳױ뵽һЩĿܣϾĳʵ̫
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쿴Ҷ뿪ķ̾˿ҪǲĸôܿٽԼĻԵҾͲҪ


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һ߼ƲߵʵͿ͸Ҳˣæȵȴүӳȥڻ


ʮһ ۷֮· 207 ɱУ
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ʮɿռ䣬Ҷһѿն˹ȥ޴Ľӯߵ˲նߵ˫ţʹһӹ˵ϣ

ҵʹǶ˶ʱ˻һҶԵôļǰȥؽ裬ϼһ￴ꤣͷ⣬֫ȫն
Ц˵죬Ҫģϣ±ӲҪңȻһɱһΣ
䣬Ƕ˵ĺȻֹΨһʣµɱбб룬µȾѪɫ
Ҷޱһ˦ؽѪȫɣ¶ɫĽ壬Ȼ⼸ͷĸĽȴŻɽһɥڣס


ʮһ ۷֮· 208 ŭ
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˺ңĸ֣ʼѰǸɱˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 209 ˲䣡
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ǰ޺ʱأΪʲôһƬɭ֣ȴҪ޺ȷʵܶ࣬Ϊָ޵ڲײԭȷʵкģֻǾ봫̫ԶͿѡ
ǳڶڵӰȫĿǣǲŰѴŵôԶɣ
Ҷţٶȷɿ죬ûñ㿴һ޼ʵεɫ󺣣ߵɳ̲ſżֻɹ̫ĵͼ꣬ӦҶϢڵĳ˹ȥ
羰治
Ҷߵɳ̲ϣּһ޴ĺݿǣϸõŽǴȴû뵽ͻȻһΣŵæԱһٿղվλãȻżִĸֲ棡
˭͵ϮңҶ滷ܣںߵĹľĸˣϵϢʮ֣ޣָбʵĲͬϵĸֲһǸֲ氡ɿˮƵ棡
ЩݳޣȻÿˮ桭
Ҷ̲סڣһСȭͷСĿˮֱܹʮԪıҪóȥ϶ÿܻǧԪõľԪҲܻһٶǾȻ档оԷֱڱǼæİѲսԼռȻ͵ϮԼģ͵ԼսƷˡ
ٲҾͲ˰ҶֵĳƬľ˹ȥԷͶ涼˲ʵҲؾѣ˵ûκв
ĸ˼Ҷ泯ȥһӴӹľ˳һͽϴʮɬ˵ˣΪʲô̤˲أ
Ҷ沢ûش⣬ԾĿĸֻΧһªƤȹ¶Ƥһϸܵĺ۸ţͷϻĸǣЩ˶ûͷԴͷƵģһƬ
ȻǵĴθ࣬ôôаĿӣһһɵڴ
˲䣿ĸѵˣҶЦĿĸªļһ˵ҿɲ֪ǲأֻ·ġ
ͷҶ棬һ·ɭи˹ֱҶ洵캣ݣΪϵǣͶֹ
˵˽ĿҶ棬ȵ˲أ뿪Ȼǻ㣡˵ӱֽһ棬׼ҶͬʱҲСĵĿҶķӦ
ȻУҶɴ۾ĸϵ棬ֿ˿󣬷ÿ˶䱸߰˸棬Ҳ˵ÿ϶߰˰ٿžԪ
ֱǳջ󰡣ԷֵôҶҲ˲ǳ棬ǲǰˡ
һ˼ЩǽǸõİ취Χ׾пˮֿܹʲôǵ涼ԺͲҪȥɱˡ
뵽ҶЦǺǵĶǰĸ˵嶯Ҷǲûе⣬ֻɱ޶ѣв
˵űǰȥĸ˸˲ҪͶĸܰ׼İٶԪֶΪ
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Ϊ׵˿ҶĶæһСƤȡһֻСľڣཱུĴ
ʱ󷽵ִֵܳʮˣҶΧм䣬ǽ棬һŵĶҶ棬ͻȻ֡޺ͺ޴򽻵ǣڵ˵ʵʮУ֪ҶʵֲܿΪ˱׸棬ǲòΪʱʱ̶͵޺ͺսͻȻֵҶȻŲ
Ǹ򲻹ңҪɱͶˣû⣬̸ֻ⣬˫⡣ҶЦеĿǣֳһ޺ӣ㳯ӦеĲȥ
һɳӶԲȺʮҵӣҲ֪Щõʲô̲ϵɳճһٻһЩ֦ҶŪֵķݡܶŮ˶ţĥһЩìһЩСںţʱʱðͷ
ߴһɳݺۣǴ峤峤סҶ߶ڷֱڿն𣬳ɳݷȥȻҪǽƷȻҪǵ˵зˡ
ϵһҶʱѽѽк׷ͬʱе䣬κҶٶʵ̫죬ǵһС
˭峤峤һ
һ˲Ͽէ𣬶ʱЩŮһ̧ͷһնҶ棬æеĻƱľɵŽĹЩǳˣĺǣһͷ˺֮£һȥ
һʱ˲ٴУľϣٸԵ˸˻޽ɵϵҶУǵľҪҶ֮ǰĸ˸ߵö࣬ձﵽؾ磬жʮǾؾΪ
ѵҲйЩ˷׷ͶҶ߶ܱţղΪЩǿ޺ͺ޵ʬ壬ڻԪأʲôܹĹʹܹһؾΪ
ˣΪʲôҪǲ䣿
ʱǸߵɳ߳һϵˣϵҶ˵һ䡣
ϵƬˣͷϵǷʮ֮࣬볤ͷࡣǾһʱȥˣȴҶһΣյĸоĬĬӦһ£ȴ͸ԷΪ
뵽ЩͷϵǣҶʱˣͷϵǾǺʵ׼ı־֮ǰЩͷֻĸǵˣӦؾˣӦؾ
֮ǰҵ͹ˣû뵽ﾹȻؾĴڡҶ΢΢һЦʱһȺ׳ΧˮйͨٴеĽе׼Ҷ棬ʱ׼һս


ʮһ ۷֮· 210 ׬һʣ
ڱһȺΧϣҶ沢⣬򶨵ĿŶˣ˵峤б̸
֮ǰѾˮֵƷȻֲҩǸɴõҩǻˣǲʵձ鲻ߵӣƶԵҩܻһЩڹϣȷЩܲõϡһЩƷǿ󣬿ϧЩҲͬܰ󣬲㡣
ˣ̸ʲô⣿ʲô˲ĶޣҶ棬Ϊڵĵ伮ϣǧǰԹ˲䣬ڻ۵ڵͲȫˡ
Ҷʵֻһ磬ϵϢ֮ǿ󲢲֮£ֱʮ׿Ҷ棬ֻԷ⵽ʲô
Ҷռȡһƿ浹һԪȥ˵峤ǾԪдôﻹʺԪ
ɨһΧˣĿ߶ʱ־ȥҶЦ˵Ϊ̫һ㣬ҪеҩӦܹٽġ
Ԫǰ״ָͣ䣬ñţжҶ˵ô㣿
ϵһ㣬Ҷƿֵһţ룬һͷȥְһ˹ȥ
Ҷİŵҩº󣬶ʱһķ޸пʼɢջ۵ĵ֮Сһ뵤ҩķȻ൱չؿգֿķʽ˫۾䣬æһŵҩҲȥ
ԭȥ˫ĿգʼĿˮΧǻΪ峤˶׷׹ֽžͳҶȴһֹֻǣ˵ס֣ûж׼ʳλԶĿϢһ£
Ѿ״̬ҶЦŶ˵ĵҩܶ࣬峤Ը⣬ǵĺ죡
֪㿴˲ʲô̫ǿѵĻǲӦģޱ˫ۣ˫ֲǰŹƣķҶһˣȽϵĵķǶԷʲôǷֵҪҲֻȫ˽Ҷˡ
Ҷˣȡһ֮ǰɻ棬˵Ĳж٣ҶֲϱȽȤԲŻǿ䣬֮ǰ֮峤¡
˿ȻΪǵ֮ͺãЩĲϣֻһʯȺڵĿѣǵˮϵһ㸨ãʲôĶ
ԭ֪öٵҩһ棿
ڵ˿ۻ۵ʱˣ޻˶ٶ꣬Ϳĺͨ͸֪Է֮Ի϶ΪֽСԷĵҩȷʵ˲˵޴Լ۸ԲҪ̫ͣڼ۸һ֪Ծ̽һ¶Էĵ׼ۡ
ҶĬĬţһֵһǧԪһԪԼһҲͦ׵ģ˵ɣʮղųԵĵҩõԪǵһΣ
ټһ
һֱžƣҶ˵ֱ꣬ӸһӱʱҶòᣬ֮ǰ˲Ҫ޵ĺͦ׵ģҪֱӾ˵ʮԪˡ
뵽ԷֱĻϼһĶּۻ۵İ
ǿסĳ嶯Ҷɫ˵۸Ҫ̫ˣһ·Ҫܶ޵ľۼزܵվͺܴһĻԸ⣡
˵Ҷ𣬳·ȥĲ˲⣬ֻ˵ļթӣҪ֪ԼʮҪǵĿˮֶѡ
̸Ҷ˵ʧֻʱѣ໨˼һסԷʵҩĻԻܶˣһʱ䣬һ˵˾ȻʨӴ󿪿ڣ̫˵㡣
ҶȻֱˣҲһ㶣дҶ޳ܣ֪Էļ۸ԲῪ̫ߣټһԷҲԻкܴռ䡣
ϧȴ©˹;лܶһڣȻ֪ҶʵǿҶڶԷܹɭҲһ棬ҪôɱһѪ·ҲȷʵףҲȷʵʺϸ֪ʲô˼
ӦҶѾͣ޽͵ֲҲȡ֮֮ߵģҪҵʹãԸղȷʵ۸񿪵ĸһ㣬˵ܹܵļ۸ɣܽܣ͸⣡
ɣҲּۻˣһ滻ٿԪʮžԪҿǲҲһҪǻԪٿţôҶҲǲˣҲ˽⣬ȷʵ治ףҲûǼƽϡ
ȴû뵽ԼһٶĲ˲ĺøУ˸Ļֻ֪ѡ
޸м˵лл㣬ԶĿˣ㽫Զѣû뵽Ҷô˵ĺҪʵĵҩԱֿܹһ޳
ԭӵǧˣǺܶ˶ε޳ƽյĲԵɥˣÿʮһε޳جΣʮƵ޻ᷢң๥ǻɱκγڵ塣
Ҷ汻뵽ڵɳݵУǶǲժҬõ⣬Ҷǰ϶ѵġ
лл峤ʢ⼸ͻȥȡҩϣԺܳںҶ汾޺£ȡ㹻ĲϣٻȥԪģȴòǰȥˡ
Ҷ棬̫ˣȻһ˶ٶ꣬ϧȴԽԽ٣ûðεҡҡͷ̾Ҫ˲ҩٹٰʮģǾҪˣϹͷҲס˶갡
߶߶ĸҶ潲˺ܶʷ˵˲޺ּţҶ۽磬û뵽޺Ȼô󣬶滹кܶϤ壬ֻһСˡ
˲סһ֮ҶϵһƿԪƿԪ޽ʮ棬֮ǰõİѣһʮİ棬·Ϸȥһ·ƹȫƹЩ޲ûжȤˣ˵һʽ֮Ȼ㹻ĵҩ
ֻǣͨصڵҶ棬ͻȻ˺ܶ׷ɱϢжʱһû뵽¾ȻֵôѾȫףʱһȥڶĴ׷ɱˡ
ҶһֲõԤС


ʮһ ۷֮· 211 뿪ϣ
ҶУиؾ游ʦүҲؾĸ֣ѵҪ𣿵ǣĿǰĹݡı󣬻
һζ֮󣬳鵽ϣҪǾԲܵġΪ֮ƣֻʦһУһ˿Ҷ֪ԼҪ㣬϶Ƕ㲻ġңԸ񣬸ҵˡ
Ҷǰڵĳ壬˵򾭹
Ҷ·棬нޱȡһҲûм췢ŭвŽ
ǸСһԣţ⼸겻֪˶ڵӣɱȻЩ³çǼȻɱˣɱˡҲµˡҲͽеףôΪҲжţֻǲΪ˼ͨӾͺҿսˣǣҶֱԼһδȻܽȥ
ҶӵľţҪϣҲûнʱһϵб仯ˣĬƬ̺󣬱˾
Ҵ£ϳˣҲ޷Ϊ㿪ѣɡո̤磬Ѿӵǰʵ׼һ£뿪ɡ¹ȥ֪֮ͨ룬˵
ȻȻϱڻһأҪǸȿսĻֻطִ֡ȻҲ۷壬ڣ͸ǲĲһǰˣҲþ͸
ûв͸ǽ¼ȻҶµģպ׵һ죬һԷȡʲôӵֶ͵ϮҶսĵ˵ʮΣյģ첻ðա
룬˵ȥһԶһЩĵطȥɣҵ
Ҷһܾʦ棬ͱģôǣһǡ
ϵôˣ˶ӣ㲻ҪٸˣʦҲҪ˵δؾ͸Ҹڿս
⣬бĵ伮ոս磬ණұڸġʱ䲻ˡⱾ伮ϵĶڽһ£Բ䵤ҩ֮ãҪмǣǱûűӻ㣬ɲҪٴˣ
˷Ҷиж֣ݣǰӹ伮˵ӽʦ̻壬ӻһʦܲܽһЩҩ
֮ǰӦҪ⣬Ҷһֱô飬Ժʱڲȥ˲ˣ㵤ҩȺһʽף֮뿪ȥ֮Ҳ㹻ĵҩʹá
赤ҩ¶ֵı飬ʵҪ٣
ȻԽԽã޺һ˲䣬ʢˮϵĿˮ֣ڵӻ֮ǰѾӦǵ峤õҩǽҶ򵥵İ˲˵һ飬еĿ졣
ҪҩǿԸ㣬ΣѵͷΪһҪȥһ˲䣿ҶҲЩ⡣
Ҷɫ˵֮ǰѾӦǣȻҪ˵ȥȥͻأᵢ̫ʱġ
΢΢˵ͷԳŵܺãڴĹ
лʦҶ湪һݣת뿪
Ҷ촦赽ʮԪǧԪҶٴν޺һ·˲ķɳ۶ȥ
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ҶЦЦͻȻ𵱳Լõҩ࣬㱬ĳ峤ҩϾǸÿÿֻɷҩԶ˾ûЧˣҪһγ̫ĻбΣա
εӦһЩ£ǰһӳ˶ʮ֮࣬ǰķŵĲ߻ħҶ治˵Ҳ˲Ҫһγ̫ġ
ȥȡѾõĿˮ֣ѵͬСɽһߣҶʱоѵĵҩԼ֣ȻڽҩҲʮ˷ܣϧǱϾµöȣԼģȰˮóȥҲ׬һԪһԼܳһʱڶҪȥɱ޻ȡҩˡ
֮ǰҪȥٻأҶ潫ˮװռ֮Ҫ޸𣬵ԷȴȵȵȣǸߵɳݵȡһУ֣صĽҶ
ʲôҶ򿪿һ£һ۴Сɫӣɢɵˮв֪ˮҺʮֺÿ
ЩĶ˵һź飬ӵ޾ˮϵҿˮԪ֮źкܴİ
û˵ź˲֮Դȡź֮ÿ궼һκ޳Ϯ˼ʧҶΪô൤ҩûȥˣûź飬ûǸĺ޳һٴηչ
ڷǧ꣬峤Ҳûʲô̫ô˷ܹˮԪ֮ٶ֮⣬ҲûôܲΪ˴ѣȥˣĺú÷չһ²ʵŲĽ͸Ҷ档
лл峤ûĻʱڣҲˡҶҲ֪⺣鵽ʲôã˰Ҳûʲôߣ㽫սռ䣬ڸԷһ֮Ҷٴηصڡ
Ϲ˵һЩָ㹻ĵҩ´һҶֻܺȥϹ֪ҶҪȥһԶĵطȥΪʲôҪȥҶȴ͡ϹѼΪ֪ʲô¸ʣʲô²ʡ֪Ҷ϶ԼĿԣʲôû˵ֻǼᶨ˵һ䣬ҵ
Ҷݺݵͷ㳯ڿ첽ȥ
Уͬʱ˫ԴϷ񷶥һ񷶥֮ǰ޴ʯں棬ʱʯ廬ԣ¶һõľ޴ŴǶһ鼫ƷʯɢһǿҵĿռ䲨
ãƽͺáʱѾˣϽվ֮ϡ󷨿Ҫˡ
Ҷ澲Ŀλʦʩܰ˾޴Ĵò񷶥ʮ𾪣֮ǰҲΣǴû֮оȻһŴͬʱڣҲʮֲᣬû뵽ûãҪ뿪ˡ
뵽ҵİԵ磬Ҷзģȵʵ㹻ߵľ磬һҪѩޣҪɱ˶ᱦԼɱ֮󣬶ԷļȻ׷ףʵ̫
˿̵ҶʵڽҲоЩڴã֪ǱʲôڵȴԼ
ã׼ãʼˣзԽԽ졣
˲䣬Ҷоһɾ޴˶ʱڿն𣬷ɽ˴ӨӨ׹֮Уһɾ޴Īռ䣬ͷҲŻ


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֪˶ãҶһտ˵ĻĮϡ
ͷտŴأµɳɢȵĸ£Ҷ漫ĿԶȥռ¶еģŤһ˶ûУֻɳż¶ľ޴޹ǣһЩ绯Ģһľ޴ʯ
ǽӦĳϰɣҶĴԶһ£š
֪ô˸ǰȥ
ʮǿղڿնȴǱ޴ѹڵһ㣬ǿ뿪Ҳɸߡ
֣ﾹȻôǿҶһ߱Թţһһ޴Ģʯ뿴ûʲôģʵ̫һ㣬ܷУΪиЩ͡
ʱͻȻԶֻ޴泯߱۶ÿֻı϶һˣҶַڶǰڵס⣬ϸһ£ֶԷһŮڽ̸ʲôͬʱҲվĢʯϵҶ棬ھɵĵطͣĿ
ѣΪҪסǵȥ·һŮɫƵĿҶ棬Ѿʱֵ׼£·æ棬ɢŮӵǰ
Ҷ濴ǽŵɫæ͵ˣҸվ·򣬲ûҪǵ˼
ѵҲһĮųǵģŮӾʵҶľͬһؾҳȴֻؾѣҪҶǳģⲻҪһ
ĮųǣҶĿһۡҪȥѰġԼҲϤøǴһ£ӦеǰҲһĮųǵġܸһôҲûӦһ
Ůһ飬ȷʵǳġطޱȣиͬҲܻӦһʱԼྯһͺˣͷͬ
һ̽ҶʳԼ֪Ķԭǽһ򣬵Ϲʱһʮַʢ򣬺֪Ϊһҹ֮ȫˣﵽؾĳ֣Ϊһδ֮ա
ŮаţһϮ£ϴһ˿Ӣĵе׾СҶǰΪ֮һоһζ
ҶûԼҺðļҳڳһֻɳʹáڱܷɿ汳ϣͷʵ׹֪Įųʲôλ𣿡
֪һƤʵͼͣΧĻĮ˵Ȼеͼ޷У̫ԶĵطΧɳһֱƶҵȷеλá
ĮųǵĴ˵Ѿ꣬һֱûҵҹҲѡ֮תͷʵ֪Ҷ֪лĮųǵģղҿʵЩ⣬⸽ϵˡ
ȷʵǽˣǴһġҶתͷ˿ŵɫ͵ղʵҸմ͹ҪҸ·ʲôĮųǣͺƤͬˣǺǡ
ҶԼ̹ϽѵЦЦ˵£ͿˡĮųǵնû˵Ȼ͸Ҿôһ֪ļͲµʱ
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ĮųǵΪǿĳǳأɻƽ̰ѳ֣ǻƽʵΪǿᣬ֮ϵĽھˣǵĽǴﵽ۷壬رҩ
Ҫǡſ˿Ҷ𾪵ɫʮõ˵ƽ̶м裬ǵ֮ʥ飬һ䣬˵ǽռżȻģ֮鱦дﵽĽһһҹͻȻȫˣƽ̾ǽǿɣ
ҶתѹʵεĿľǱʥඣ
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һڻĮĿĵҴܣϧѾĻɳǣҪҳƽ̵λڴ롣֮󣬰ҵһޣҲҪһ£ɳ油ˮʳ
Ӵⲻǰ׼ôҵ𣿡
ҶϢʱͻȻһޱԵɵתͷһۣһʮ߰˲֪ʲôʱΪ׵ɫˣȻΪĵġ
򲻹󣬾ҲܴҶоԼǴ䵽һ㶼Ӳҿ˸һûͻơ
һӶĿһ̵ۣΪҵֻӬһķᣡ
⻰˵ҲЦǺǵĸŴڨţʮںٺЦţʱʱڰһ£ԼպɳЫŽˮιʳӸŲ·ʼո߱һξ롣
Ҷ氵Щ˵ʵĸΪ׵˵УﵽأҲһ۷壬ǴȺҲﵽһؾˣʵҪȰǿܶ࣡
߷ĻߺܿܳŲ˶áȻ֪Щ˵ĵϸҶ汾ܵΪЩ˲ʲôƲ磬Ҳǳʥģǵ淢ֻĮųǣЩ˿϶
ЩһߴҶŴѶʵ׹Щʲôͷҿǵӡ
Ǻħڵˣǰ׼һҲѰʮˡԴǶ֮нĸŸɶѰǱʥ飬ʱϵˣʮ궼ûҵ˾˳ˣЩĵȻǲµ
˵ǰ׼ңҶЦŴȤһ䣬˵ǵʵǿܹа֣ô߾Լ
Сǰ׼ңֻҸ˲ͣɢ˶ѣо֣ô󣬵ȻЩɵһһˣҶǰ׼ҲɣŶʱһ°׼ϵĲá
Ҷ氵˵ͷţӦҲкܶɼӵܰɣɢȷʵȾһҪáˣϰ궼Ҳλãǻƽô𣿡
ҶһʣҲε̾˿Ҳ޷ѾķǧˣϵҲڲϱ󣬺ܶǿյĳʲôĶ˹浽ɳӸǣÿطһȻˡ
ЩֻҵһܿɵĵطŷǳǿķӡڣɵĸûƿǷӡԸ֪ǲǣֻط
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Ҷһʱú棬æʵǸطأܴȥ𣿡ɺͼֶ޷ƿķӡǵǶǿ󰡣Ҷʱ԰ἰطȤȻҲûԼǱ£ǹȥܳʶ
һļ׳󣬵ЦôأصĸֶƲһһصСȥʲôãֻܸɵۣ˵׼ҼҳҲЦΪҶ洿еġ
Ȼǰ׼Ҽҳ۽ɲͣҰ׼ҲǳǿǶһһ߶
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ʮһ ۷֮· 213 ʥǣ⣡
ɳĮеҹһҲɳ󣬻ʵһЩˣͱ쫷紵ˡҺãˣձ鶼ؾ۷廹ǿߡ
ҶŴ峤ǵĺ飬оһҲûʲôֻܹʹܱ߱ҾۼˮԪ֮ٶȼӿ죬Ըɴʹϡ
峿ʱ򣬰׼һľͿʼ·ˣҶ;޴ɳ棬ɳĮǰС·죬һҲΪɳĮζܵӰ졣ҶҪԼҲŪֻͺˣܱԼҪöࡣ
һ·ûʲô·һֱʱҶͻȻǰһ޴ӣΧĻɳ紵öǸȥͬʱŵҲ𣺡ˣɳ֮⣬ʲôȥ֪˭µķӡ
Ҷϸ˿ӣ治СǧĶشСһȥڶģ治һ˷ɢηʶ˵ôĿӣôŪİ
׼Ҽҳ˿Ҷ棬ƲƲ˵һֱڣǼһʱУӡǼ˽жֶƲ㲻Ҫôǰһ£˵ƿأ
ҳĻдźǿƣҶҲֻüͷûд˲ǸؾѣôҲ׵ˣûҪһʶȻӡô˶ƲҲûԴȥԵĳ̶ȡ
ҶǰȥЯĺȴͻȻһɼΪϢæ÷ưȡ˳ֻźͻȻâţƮǰĴӣһǵصĿѹ
⡭ǡҶ汻һĻôԭأһ仰˵׼ǼҳҲĿɿڴĿǰһС
Ŷǿź飬΢΢ţָǰ˵ʲôȴʼû˵մӺĺħʮˣҲʯһ㣬һĶǰΪ׵꼱ææĴռȡ˴Ѷʼڸ߲㱨ǰһĻ
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Ҷ֣ղͶʲôдţİµɳ棬ֻϲ׽ģֻûжǿʵԱⷬһţɳꡣ
Ҷͱǰľ󾪴ˣźε˵ҲźҴ֮ǰģ֪ʲô
һֱȷҶ׳ĵǲʮؾڵûʳæôѶ︺𹦷伮ĳϣһ֮ɫϲĿǿɫӣʲô
ֲķӡôǿϰλؾ֮ϵĸֶƲԭҪʮؾڵԿףѵ·ǻƽ̵ĻƳǣ뵽ǰʥ飬ʱҪⱾʥ䱻׼ҵõԺܳΪһָĳ壡
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ӺħڵӵͷˣǺħھֻɳʦܣʮڲôõĵӣ˰ŵĻ֮еɱʱһ֡
֣֪ͬһɱ׼˺Ҷ棬ղû־ǵɱвɷᱻڼֵĻƳڣΪӻƳǾͱĵ£ҪǱͷҲѣʱɵ֪Ｔֱһ°ǵĿꡣ
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Ҷ˵ֵνʥ飬Ҫ֪־ͨû취ԴģֻԼԼ͸˽а֮ʱȻȥںʲô䡣
ҲûҶĴڣֻҶǸɵĶߣڰ׼ҵʮ˵˴֮󣬸ûҶأŵķ⣬Ϊ˳òɿ
Ҷʶԭ·ؼһƬ󣬶Ƭ沨ĸͷˮ޹ۿʱŭſգʱľţȴبų棬ˮҲɻκȱٵĴڡ
һͼĿٱãĿӡҶʹˮԪ֮ҲûԺֻҪ㹻ˣջȵǱʥ飡
һӺ󣬺Ѿȫͷϣ˰ɫķĩ˴ڣҶҲ֪⵽ʲôˣһʮؾˮ޵ڵһжˮ֮ĸ򣬴ʱȫӡҶ
ңҶתѹ֮󣬷Ѿûκ˵ĴڣǶ˵˰֮⡣ؿʼԾ޿Ϊģ˺ѿһӣ˷һɽһֱں¡¡ĻУ
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ϰѰ޹˶ΪǽǸ˵ˣû뵽˿̾Ȼĳһɽϵĳǳأ˶ˣʥ϶棡


ʮһ ۷֮· 214 ųܣ
ϲԷУеǿûƣֻһṦ͹ĸɽʮֶͣ¶Ҳбѡ
Ҷһؽһץסʯ͹ţҺؽǴ׽ٵбһСһ࣬Ȼû취ɽáס嵽ʯ϶УһֻѰץסĵطѵŲţʱʱΧɽ߶ʵ̫̬ܴҪǵȥĻٶȼٶȣһЩ鷳
Ҷ̧ͷ֪жߵɽܻǲǻƽ̵ĵȫ磿
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Խ£кܶƽʱг֮Խǻƣ޲öԷȥˤԲҽ˷кܶҲڷ׷׳Ǳʥɻ߼ʵ̫Ҫˣ
˵˭õⱾ䣬պͿΪڵƳ߶˵ıպɼĹռݸƣӰһδ˳̵ĶȻϷŹ׷ɳԼµǰᣡ
ҶĲ죬Ϊؽ̫˵㣬ûЩӵѶ̽˾ĺܿˣЩӵһЩƫŵĹܹڻһʯ÷ɿ죬ɵҶѹҪǱˣԼֵֻܷи
ܿ췢ԼĵȫǶģȵ˸ߺǳ֮ͻȻ䱬쳹ĲҽЩˤȥ˵ĽдżȵĿ־;񿴵ʲôʮ˵ĶƵġ
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ҶͷƤҲоһ飡
ѾܿĳǳرԵˣǼȿ־Ľк·ͷ
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ҶҲʼһٶɾܽĮųˣҲʲôԼ޷еĶٺãҲܲУȥɡ뵽ӶУʼʯϿڸɽϢһ£ָ÷ȥҲ١
Ҷ濪ʯҲ׷׷Ӧ˹ıͿʼڶ⵹ǿЩˣûͱʯȥܶ˶֮඼ʼáϧûǵģץʱָʵ
浽ʲôµĶҶԪüͷ˼ųֲõԤУһжһıһǿźԼ˳ƿķӡֻǸɺ
˰⣬ҶҲֻ÷治ʱĲҽеĺԽԽǿȥʲô޷ա
ȥĶ棬ûһʬҶŹųʲôֲĴڡжЩˣĴ½ϵһҹȫ⣬Ȿͺ⣬˶ۺʥ飬Ļڹų𣿹ͱǸһҹɱ˵Ĵ˰ɡ
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Ҷ滹ں˼ʱͻȻˤһ֪ĸɵĵӣĹţڴҶﾭʱ򣬱Ҷһץס·Լڳʯڡ
ղ˵ʲôʲôʬҶ漱ٵʵ
ӱŵòᣬɫ԰ֽɢкŴһ˵ţȫǸʬöĸʬʵ̫ˣ
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۽ҶǰʱӦԼţ˷ܵ˵ûҾȻûллľ֮
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ȫǸʬ󱻷ɵߣʵǳǿ󣬹ƴ󲿷ֶϣЩȥˣǳˡһ˵ղſľ󣬶ʱٺϲöʧˣ̧ͷ档
ҶڶѨЩˣ˿Ҳ֪ʲôһɫʮѿû뵽ĮųȻôµڵǣҲҿһ㣬ûȥȻ˿ЩԵľˡ
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󣬹ȻҶ濴ַ׷٣ʼɽвɻ߼ĳϡһЩصıȱȽǡ
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Ҷ֪Լʵ΢ٴγɽȥʱʱĻͣһȣָһԼʵϾ˼ؾĸֶˣûҪһһؾǰ档
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ʱʱЩʯҶֻòͣͷʯ顣治ԶЩϷı֮󣬱ȸղĸˣƶڵıﱻ⡣
Ҷȴһ㲻żȻǻƽ̵Ľڶ˸ʬҲһȥȻҪһսȴһ˵ɡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 215 ųǣ
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ֻǽϵǿǽͷкܶط̮ǽضߵʬ壬һЩɫ·ĸʬǲǧ
һģЩһЩһصɵӣǺҶĲ̣һֱȵǱս˲ſҪڼˡ
Щ˱ҳסʱҶһѵĳŴ˽ȥֳڲеôá
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Ǳʥ᲻ҲˣҶ治뵽
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ˣᱻɵ˳ȥᣬռΪС
ҶЩǳرԵķݲûȤ˵һǳصУеλ˿϶סĵλãǿĵĵطϲſıЩԵشˣ϶ʲô̫Ķȥ
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Ҷ׼ؽӭȥȻ߷УȴٶȣҶݵĳһ޴Ľ׽ٵȻһƬ⣬һɳĹ֡
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ѵ׵֮Ҷ˲䷴ӳ˹ĸʬа϶ͨĳаƳģ׷ЩаĿǣëι϶ǸӦе׵֮űܵĲٽӽ
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ҶŵʱͻȻëϴһֻεĽָɢϸ΢Ŀռ䲨
ѵǿռرҶ治Щ档
һֱռŶģȻռ䲻ȴǳ㣬ûмռر²ûĻǽָӦж
Ҷ㷢֣θ죬ֻǲûʬ¸ɱһѪⶼûУһּΪǿ׳ĸо
ѵĳֲ֪Ҷ滹ڲ²ʱǹͻȻųǳĵķȥ̶ʲôŭһ㣬ҶͳǱ߷ɱȥ
Ҷֻÿ첽ϣǼռرĶӦòҲѰЩҩǿö࣬ΪռڣеƷûʱһֱȥǱʲôƿӵȻʹҲ𻵡
ϵĽָӦҲռĴڣʲôöҲ˵ֻܿ첽ųǳķ׷ȥһܿǱߵ׷ʲô飬ֻܹ
Ҳһöָ̽һ浽ʲôϧԽǰн·ĸʬҲԽ࣬ܶ߶ڸʬսţһͷַĺ䣬ҶֻԶԶĶţͬʱֻëĶ
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ݣҶüͷһ壬̧һŸʬĲȥȴԼؽȻֻһڣǧĶȻôʵ߸ʬȻһؾĴڣѾĥ˹裬ҲѹؽԽ
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Ҷٴ߶һѿն㳯߸ʬͷ­ȥЩʬֻͷ­֮Ż᳹λûáû뵽ʬȴͻȻһܹҶѿնץ
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زʶӾȻȥҶ漱æԼȻæֱӾˣ
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ЩʬȻڣ


ʮһ ۷֮· 216 ף
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Ҷ濼ҪôʯŵʱشһϤͷһԭǺħڵһˣʱǵЩӸಢûֻĸĺӡ
ҶĿ˿ǣһ£ȴûƶʯţСĵȥȻʲôƲ磬Ҳʯ˼ҶȥһЦһʶ࣬һضѣȻҲҶһȰ㻹ȥɣһǻ첻ȥģ
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Ҷȷûиһսʵ˵صģҲһءʹҶҲ޷ͬʱֿ⣬ʮֲˬԼȷֵģȴӲ˶ȥ
ͷĺӣǺħڵһ洫ӣѰһĮųǣֽΪһһЩСɻɵˣһƲ̬ȣһ˵Ҷ棬ȻҲʲô֡
гпܷʯźͻȻʮ߸ʬʱΧм䣬Щʬ֮ǰЩһȫǹ꣬Ӳǿ֮⣬һֲ֪Ķء
Ѳ
ãж
˸һ֣һħڵӱ㱻ץƤ˿ʼٵĸɱȥʮʱ䣬ѪǱڻһ룬ǵ˿˸һɶֻʣһͰ͵Ƥϡ
ʱ𾪵Ըӣ׷ƲЩµĺƤʬԶȥΪҶʡȥ鷳
ղҶΣҲһ£ҪǸղŴʯŵԼôǾϵʬܾܿԼˣû뵽˵ĳֵǼӵΪһѡ
Ҷ濴˿ɫʯƿĺᶴڣԥһ±˽ȥȻЩʬѾ׷źħڵܵӦûʲôΣˡ
ǸսŵҶһоߺĪΣա
ô£ʲô𣿡
Ҷнϸ˿ֻɢһЩƿƿ޹ޣЩѾɺԵҺµӡûʲôΣյĶұǽǵϾȻиѾ˵İ񣬱СĵĿ˹ȥҪʲô֮һǲˣ
ţʲô
ֻֻʮź״壬ÿŲһմСȴǳǿҵΣϢҶһţĬĬӦһ£Ȼ̺˼Ϊǿʱըһ
Сȡʮ߿ź򣬿滹һŲ֪ʲôɵĻֽǧʱ仹ûиóһĻҳʱʮ߿ź򵽵ʲôˡ
ԭֺףǻƽƳһ˲͵𣬸ǷԲʮɷΧܹ˲ɱ֣ǻƽ̽ҪƳԸɵģϧΪϡ٣ֻƳôʮöһֱ
ףǸöԺΣյʱ֮áҶٺһЦʮ߿׷ŽԼռ䡣
ʱҶüͷһ壬Ȼعͷ󣬾Ȼ˸ոյһˡ
ѶȻ뿪˺òװЩĸʬʱһȻҶȵˣʱŸȻ֪ҶõʲôԲʲô̫Ķ
ҲɵǳλóôһʯݣбȻʲôأȻôƽ޹ʵĳôֵĽһ·ûĵͰʯݣƳڵĽʮֿţߴֿʱͰķݸ͹˳
ǱЩ涾ĸʬ˵ػģʮػĵطصĶȻҲʲôƽɫҶõϰݣ
ʲôûУҶ벻ЦЦʾԽѣѾռβύģֻҪһҧ˲˵ǶԷɱȻԲ֪ʲô˻ףԱǿֻҪܸ룬ŻֽԲ飬˾Ӳ׵
𣿡Ҷ棬һЦ֪ȻǱҶȡˣҲԷһ˶ѣֻҪԼѵɱһոսС
Ȱ㻹ǿѶóɣҿʲôˡ㻹뿪ʯݣʵһԿǷһвţ˸ƣ˷ֱΧסʯݵԷҶƿʯܡ
Ҷ뿪Ҳ׶ԷǴҪΧˣɲŶԷʲôǲĴռȡƿԪ˵ǸңֻƿҩѣҪĻҳȥ
ҩ˿ϵƿƿ޹󣬺еҵӣڳĽôһͰʯݣҲʦҪɡĸʦ֮ŵκɶصĴڣôĴ
գǾȿҩαȷʵǼƷҩĻҲ˵ùȥ
ȰѵҩҼһȥˣʲô
ҶԷϵְȡƿԪԪԷԪĻħڵǾԲŵģʹõľԪ˵ɻء
˵ҩ֮ƿҩһһ˹ȥսؽԴ߶˴ݶ׼
ƿ򿪣ζȷʵĵҩɣҺãһ£ȷ⵽ʲôʹõĵҩͬʱҲҶڵҩʲôֽţһʱЩԥ
ֻǣôķڣȻֻƿҩ
ҲܾôŶԣϧȴǺĵط
˸ĿҶϴţҪײʲôƵġ
Ҷƺ͸뷨̹Ȼ˵ֻƿҩĹƶЩƤʬˣҽʱǸѾˣֻʣ㵤ҩûʲôˡ
Ҷһ̯֣ʮɶȻһŲļơ
ǵйһʦܣöԷһŵҩ֮󣬷ֻǸĵӷõͨҩȻ֪Լƭˣɫ˵ԣ϶


ʮһ ۷֮· 217 ıϢ
Ȼȥ
ɣҶ֪ãԴ߶ʱ׼ͻΧ
ǾԲύȥģôõĶʮֺʡʱҶ֪ԼȫȥԷҲֻõʮŻף˵ǻɱ
ˣֱӳɱȥ
Ҷ治˵˸ĵ֪϶˱Ķͬ´
һϣɱ
³˽Ҷ֪ԼǶ֣͵һ߷ֳ̧ݶųһˢһʱݶƿһ󶴡Ľ͵һŵ棬˲Ӵڴȥ
˵ĲĶȷʵˣҪɵơƿĴ󶴿Ҷѿ͵ЦЦȻٳݶԾȥѸס
ҶЦݳ˳ЦǾ䡰ɵơŭ
쵰һҪɱ㣡׷ˣɫʮѿħڵӺһٳҶߵķ׷ȥղ;治ֻܾƿҩȻ¶ˣ϶Ҷ
ĸǺúŪݶϿ첽ǳԾǰҶ棬ٺһЦռȡһŻףҪĸħڵĵʵһ
ȻⶫǻڼģһԸţҲСˣȰĸħڵû˵Ľ䣬Ȼ˲伤һŻףܲܰĸȫըȷʵƤֽ˵ԺƱΧͲúˡ
ܿ죬ҶǰһռϰĶľ޴ۡõĴһ˽ȥ
ӦûʲôˣʰĸáҶڰĬĬȴš
Ȼһ˾ͳˡſͣһ£ͷղǸŹʯͷֵһȺƤʬѾӰͷҲʲôȵһԾûҶĽкŶһ֣첽׷˽ȥ
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ٴ¸ӦһЩ岻û뵽һĮųǵСӣȻĸ˸ˣˣԼ֮ǰȴһֱУûаһ¶Ȼٴˡ
ŴαˣŪĸоĪ裬еķߺ޵˼㡣
ߣȱСˣҪ¶˾ģΪôһС㣬õĻᣬʵЩòʧ˵ٴϵģǴͷȥ
ҶһֱڴķϣϢȻûϵһ£ȴվιǸ˭Ҿô׷ˣҲбŶǲǺϲб£
Ҷ˵꣬ЦŴӴٴԺȥ
ʦ֣ôҪǣ֮ǰҵҪȴðˣ᲻ʲôһħڵӿ˿ٴܵûӰ˵Ҷ棬˵
Ҳһ޲ץסҶ棬СӴж˿顣
ˣҿȥʲôطԲʲô£ߣȴϵֱٴתŴŷȥ
ֻǣû뵽Ҷ沢ҪȥܹݡڳһģǻɣǲȻͻȥһ£Ҷͼ
ãǸλáĸǹϵġͻȻȥҶЦһھԼϵڴźĻףеͺȵ
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һĸо޴ıը˲佫ըɣ¥ϷĶǳŸ߿շȥԭżˣֻһ˲䣬ûüκεֿѾķɢһ⡣
ֲ˽ҶصԺƵʮɷΧһƬʯߣһŵĶƽˡһж֮Ҷ潫ͷϵƬľ岦ͷĴӷ˳
ĿɿڴĿԼɵһĻоѡ
Ҳ̫ˡ
Ҷ˫ֱ죬һΣѾ˹㳡һĴźԺǽࡣ
׵ǻƤֽ˵ֻ߲Ͱһž˴ƣҪǼͬʱȥĻҲǺܻΨһϧľ̫ˣҪиٿżǧŵĻԺؾҲòźˡ
ҶҲˣƽ̶ûռ㹻ĲϣԼһ֮ôƳһƷûе¡
Եƽ̹һۣҶطȥ
Ƴڵˣ˵һѾ˵ĺģ߸ɲ˿һжԼµġ
һû˵СӺҶ潫ʣʮŻõ·һ£СĵķŽռ뵽ղһŵĿֲըЩĺ£Լ߷ʮҪͻȻըĻʣ°ɣ
ʱеĸʬѾʣûֻ󲿷ֶӵĽ߸նɱɾˣʣĶһЩǰΪߣ־һЩĪı仯ӵɥʬֲһֻͷë
·ܹɱһΪѪȫգÿǰëɱһˣ˵ʬͻٵĸɱȥʵͻٴصĸֶֻɱһЩʵ͵ˡ
ҶʱÿɱķоǰëĿֲϢҶвЩңҺԼ֮ǰûбϣȻܾҪùˡ
ҶСĵ㣬ǻƽ̽죡һﵽ۷壬ɫ۵ߣվһָ̨ţԽŵһϣʵɵӷΪʱ
ҶĺĬĬֹƽ̽ѹֻôΪʲôֻһ˱˹˶Ǹʬأѵһжı˵ʲôΪ֪䣿
񣬳ĵĸ¾ʣôһֻЩŸɵҲ˲٣Ȼֻëﵶǹ룬ʵǳ£ֻҪԶһ㣬ͲǵֻػֻЩͼ˲Żᱻû˿ĻͻѲһΧŸȦӡ
ĵÿ˶ڿűëػŵʮ׷ײ²浽ʲôȻֻػţһ˭Ūģ
ҶһҲڲ²һʼĩ
ǿʮؾڵƿķӡһɸ߷εض𣬽ųڳִҧ˵ĸʬֱ˵Ľ㼯ϣһѵĳǿ߰ŵģ
ʮؾĸ֣Ҷ沢ûм֮ǰ֪߾ıؾ֣ؾǿߣôﵽʮؾĸʲôʵ֮ϻûиߵΪ磿
ǳĵĸֻʮ㣬ռһŴô󣬶ÿһ㶼ʮɶߣԿʮΡ롣
һʲô
Ҷ̧ͷۿߴʲôǻƽΪĶϧֻë޵ס˵ȥ·Ҫһֱûܹɱô˵Ѱ֮Ҳ͵Ϊֹˡ
Ǳʥ鵽Ϊֹһֱûг֣ܾܿСֻëָֻҲпܡ
ҶһμֻʱϵİëûڳʱֻǸոոѣһֻԳϵİëѾ˰߶೤ȫסˣֻεĽָʱҲܸӦһ˿ռ䲨ѡ
Ҷãһжʼùˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 218 ظ
ƳģػŸİëţ˭ҲûȶֹһЩϵɸ߲һСŶԲߣǸôصĴ۲˭ôõʥĻᡣ
ųϼôȥҲǰ취ȾһϷ˵䣡
˶ʱ׷̧ͷ뿴λ˵ʲô
ǳϿ˼֣صͷʵؾģ˭ºѵɱΪ֮ƣֶԸôϵĸһܹɱⲣ
Ļһ˵꣬·ʱ𣬷׷顣
ŲôԸĿն̽ʱߣ˵ɱëʥô죿ѵҶⱾʢ仹ҪŲɣ
ųϵһۣȻӲţⱾʥУڳɡ壬ֻҪṩ㹻Ĳϣſɰʮر֮رҲֻȡķã
ˮҲҪŽøˮôǿѸʮ
˻һų϶ʱȻ
ʥϣеɡ廥ãⱾʥΪУһʱ䳳֮ǰҪҶоЦѡҶУ̶ܴȵΪǱνʥһڣпڰëָϵĽָ
ǰֻǻƽ̽죡
ȻⶫþͻôķŽǷԼԼЯرһܴŶĿռָȻѡڷŽԼռ䵹ҲпܣĻ˭òˡ
Ҫƿ˵ռ䣬ͱ֪ԷĿռڵУͨԼƷռڵǲ߱˵ģҲ͵ºܶرǵıҲֻԶʧҲ޷˵õ
ʵ΢ûʲôǿĿɽҶֻվںǳ֣ûвĻᡣ
һ׷Ȿʥ鳭¼ķݣɳĸɻã˾ֻܸɵˣΪķݵǱ壬ǴŽĸɣǻÿҶܷһݣЩСɿ϶ĴɣҲֻܰϣڸϣû˵ء
˵ˣҲֻܶһѣһڶѷŻƽ̵ϣƷرҲ֮ǰһֱûֻƽʲôϿ⣬ǵҩ֮࣬ڵĶӦòֹôһ顣
̶Ϸֺϵĸ֣һٶʮ˵ӣʼ£
ҶһԹۿţë϶ûôҲЩ˴ǳҵĴۡ
һ׼ųȡһָ߳ɫһԾ㳯Űëնȥһɫӽųǰɳۡ
оΣëתֻצݺһץʱץɢ
𣡡
ëһͻȻһ࣬͵سųȥ
һ𣬰ֻɵǱıǵˣųϽһգһξ룬ٴͷųţ
֮ǰҲЩʬͷ­ڣֻëǺЩʬһֵģӦҲ˶٣ϧ㷢ֻ֣ĽмһˣžͳȺ˹ŲܼӰѸֻԳ󲿷ֹ˹ȥ
һٶؾֶʱһңǱϾԲͬɣ˴֮ϼ˵ûУëȻ;޴ȴٶȱԭһֻ࣬ܿӰһһ˵ɳȥ
ҶЩ˸֪ë㣬ɱԼòָֻϵԪ֮һֹɱıǵģ
ʱнըϣһЩҪûڵ˶ëˣԣҶ仰Ҳû˭ģһЩԪ֮ĸַ׷׵͹ë־ȻЧǹһԼϵȻһܣԼצҲ˻ȥ
һʱϵΧߣҲ׷׷ųԼĽǰĸǹëĽڽڰˣɫŵĶϵͣŷȥ
龰Ҷ治һ㶣ѵⶫҪȥ
֮ǰʱ¶ǳԻǻۣղΧתƣȴǸɵһѵȥ֮ǰֻװģ
֮ǰëĶȻӡҶ뷨
һصĽһȭڣɫĸߴײ˸󶴣ǷӦ˹һ£һ˽ȥ
ë϶йŹ֣ҶﰵϷĿ˰Ŀ꼯ػϣһڣĳֶνһɱпǸ壡
亹Ҷͷ˳ĵδ̫˰ɣȻΪ߶˽ȥôĿʲôأѵֻΪɱЩϵĸ֣ʲôĿģ
ʹ
ʲô
Ҫȥ
ڵĸͻȻ˷Ĳҽڱʲôĥţȵиſڵһ˳֪֮淢ʲô
ʹʹʦ֣㣬ɱң
ֻȫ˼£ȫ±㿪ʼٹŧĺÿһΧߵ
ͨǸںŶŵϡƼƣһּĶ̡
澹Ȼأ
ЩûгȥĽĺѣղҲһȸų˽ȥôԼ³Ҳһˡ
ɫʮѿ֮ǰӶǱĻҲһˮʮȫлĻǲһõõЩ˭õģȻҲһ֪
ƽ̵ĴһٶǰżȻһĹıڻϴģһǧ峤ĹֻǺǼľǺܺã䵽˲С壬ڱڻϻƽ̵ǶټһϵһҹȫǽӳһֻǶ࣬ȴʲôûм¼
иĹ뵽ĹУ˴ܣͬѰϣֻǲûҵνĻƳǣ֮Ҳһ־硣
ûҵȴ˿һЩɴˣ׷׻ȥĵ伮ȻĴڣȴֻ¼˵ƽ̶ʢʱεǿƣʵǿȵȣûм¼֮顣
кܶ˿ʼѰң鴫ǷзģϧһֱҲڻɳ֮µĹųǣֱҶʮؾڵǸӡ
ʵѾкܶ˿ʼ⵽ǲǻƳˣΪʹϵһҹ֮䱻ɱ⣬Ҳûɵͻƽ̵ĵӱɸʬطȴûз֡
ӡʲô˸ģҲһֱǸţȻųգΣƺһڵǧĹϳУĳֶͨĳǿõ壬Žиꡣ
Ҷ濴ǺŶе㲻ȥˣ˭֪滹ʲôΣգȻǱʥܸȤҪԼĻǾԲôɵġֻĹһˣֲҪΪɲʲô˼
ֻǣĴɲʹ˰֡


ʮһ ۷֮· 219 ߣ
ۿڶǻأ޷ֱӴ룬ЩֱԽһǽƿ󶴣ԼϵԪĵӣǼ󶴾ͷԼЩںĶȫ˳ȥ
һΪܹˣֻһ㣬Żܳΰڷм䣬ŸָϣкܶڵǰѾټĲϣȴǵɼЩϡнİڷڵϡ
Ȼǻƽ̵Ĳر֮أǻ첻˰ųڶ߿˿ʱЦЩϾһʹúܾãľŲ㣬øϡȱ
ɵĸҲ׷˷һȻʧش󣬵رҲԵķ񣬸ղ뽫Լɵˣٴοϣٴȼ˶־Ȼô֮ڴˣȻ뱦ɽֹˡ
ڹϷϵĽɸ߲ǣҶҲеĶϧԼʵ̫û취˼ʹȥҲû˻һֱںۿţĿֻëϵĽָȡöָĶԲĶ
һЩСɵ˿ЩϣҲۺ첻ѣκûʲôֻ֣ں濴۲ȴȥҪһֱǹϷϼϲ֮Ÿںڡ
ÿһڶ壬Ƕ̾ǸַӡĹޣνΣأÿȥ̽·˲ҲˣǵõıҲһһãЩ׷ЦտʹҲϧǰС
ֻëȴֵһֱûг֣ƾʧһ㣬Ҷ²ϵˣӦʲôմڣֻëƾǵĻƽ̽죬ȻܶһôϤ
뵽Ҷ沢ûнڣͷĶ
һʲôգҶûôܿùֻǣ͵סһЩص߿űջḻʱȲסˡЩԼʵеˣҲ׷ڡҿ滹ͦȻô˽ȥ治һװ¡
ͬʱҲһЩҶһΣˣȴš
ȻҲЩ䱦ϣȴҲ֪֪֮ԼȥҲ񲻵ʲô©µıˣɴͲȥա
һжɵĽʱͻЩѾϵĲʱͻȻȴͻȻ˾ҵıը
䣡
ĿŻףڵڵĸͬʱը죬Ĳϵĸըɵʮ׶ߵĵط
ǿ߲
׵֪
Ȼıը£߲ȴûһ㣬ȻѲظֱѹƽ޴ĺ𶯵ĵ˲ţԭͲôʵǽڷ׷׵
ҶھԶĵطⱬըֱƷɣ˺üͣ£˵ûбƽΪʵ̫𾪣ֱը֮ǰ;һΣǴֻһţȴĿͬʱ
ǻףŻƤֽϲ˵ֻʮ߿ôðĿţѵǻƽ̽˽еģҶ治Щɡ
ʱĲڵ߰ʮϵĸ֣ϵĴӳЩ˿ѪֹˣȻûбըನȴĳĲ㣬ڸܴ
Ĳϣ𵴣ĲĸǱΪƽءǣϵˣȴûܵκˡеϱˡֻҪͲΣա˵ʱʱѾһȥˡ
һ֮Щٺļʮ˶ʱŭ˼㡣
Ǹı
ղһ±ըУǧ֣ȫؾв㣬ǸɼľӢʧν
Щӳĸ֣ʱޱȡضְɱĸмȷߺη壬˭ĻһУʲôĿģ
ʱѾٰĮųǵرˣֱǵ
Ҷ氵ҿղԼûȥٴӹһֻųҲӺ棬֪˭óôһ壬ýɺͼ嶼˸ѵЩг
ʱ
ˣӭ֮ϣǶԱĻӭʽҲܸе⣡
˾ʱͻȻһߣֻߵʮãһӰһ㡣һ˫ݵɨһ·ĽˣϴЦݡ
ֻëﾲĴߣʹͷ·һ㹧ԡ
˭ѵһжŪģųŭϵߣʵ
ֻģ́ͷԷ˫ʱȴȻһͣ١
㿩㡫
ݴͬɸ㣬ȻȥĶͷǺˮƴšֻǣֵİˣʵ̫ˣȫֵס
ǧǧǰҲ֮ˣȴˣɨϵˣһ֮·׷׹ȥҲҶ档
ܵͬεѹҶ˫ȲţȫκͷֻŶĤȥ˾Ψһһ㡣
һ׽֮˲֫ٺ߰ٶʮѨӿһصƷķУ˳ŷھԺ
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ֻôҲ벻ףԷȻӵ˾ǿʵΪʲôҪĵŪôһ壬Ҳǧ֮ãѵֻΪɱļǧߣôҲ˵ȥɡ

ͻȻЦ֮˶Ŷڵϴ˹ЩĸֱѪЦ֮г𣿺ֹг𣡱һҶǽɼ度ѵǶ飿ǧƮռ䣬ѵͲǳô
Ĵʣٴͬļ޹ģЩͱը˵ĸԣ׷ٴѪ
ȺҶ沢ûʲôоߵƹһ㣬оʮ֣ȴֲұֳ̫쳣ֻýͷʹţװҲܵӡ
˭ĻߣȴųһһжΪʲôԷʵ㹻ɱκννˣȴﻮǧôһųǣʵЩ˵ȥ
˼ǧǰɼ֣ļȫնɱԼҲƮռ䳤ǧ֮ãѵԷɵȫĥӣп
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ʱ䵹УҲȥһЩϣǾһȥɡҶѾ֪ˣֻһֱûʺϵֲϣȥԼռ̫ʱ䣬ðȥμӽ׻ᣬһӦ
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ͷ˼ֻǾһܵóѣҪȻͷαڴϰ̯ϣͳΪ׼ҵϱ˰ɡ


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Ҳ֪ʲôˣЩ棬ȡѶߵĸѯ˼䡣£ɫЩΣտʼŵĺ컨һ㣬վһԵҶ棬һ
ǸоͶĿ⣬Żͷһۣ˵˼жǱߵϵЦĿҶʵҶ֣㿴ʲôأ
ǺǣûûʲôءεЦЦҶ漱æתƻ⣬ǰ׼ʦϡȱɣڿĵ伮ܽǵĵطλʹһ𣿡
طλ棿ûɣҶ־ȻҲŴС죬´Ҷһһʮ־ȵӣűЦ˵ȻҶҪƳʲôƷ֮ģжģǰ׼ҿҪչŶ
ǵȻû⡣ȴҪʧˡֻһЩԣɲʲôʦ⼸Ҳ׼ȡһЩͨϣƵСҶ潫ǳռָУԼϷʶ̫ǳЩղͷ˵ģʶǳֺǳֱֶ治˵ˡ
ЦЦҶг
ļҶԼĵҩȡ˲ϣī𡢻Ϫɳ˿ȽϳĲ϶ǺܹһƿԪܻ٣һЩĲϼ۸ͱȽϸ߰ˣͨƿԪһܻĴָһ顣
⼸һֱҶߣʱ渶ϻߵҩҶڰ׼꣬ʱŷҶٶȷɿ죬ǲɶõšټһܿɹسԼܰҶڰ׼ҵĻպ˵ҶܳΪճأΪһ󹦣˳µĳΪӵܡ
ʱڽѰŲϵˣͻȻӭĸˣΪһ˳࿡㣬»ֻȴʮֲʵͣڰߣûŮƵġ
ãþò⼸ԽԽƯˣ
Էӵܵ磬Ҷüͷʵ˭𣿡
ҵһø磬аչãɫĺܣ㲻ҪҲɫãĴشҶ⣬װһܿĵӣ˵ԭøѽôûȥ¥Ⱦƣڴˣ
һ⻰ʱϱɫ˿ԵҶ棬ʱ¶һȻӣŶ˵ô⼸궼û㣬ԭˣֲˡ
һһ䣬֮ȻҶ濴ó˵ĸ鵹ǲ
ˣҲСŮӼƽϣϼʱʲôöøģߣ
չò̲˵һ䣬ñһҶ棬к⼸ǳ굶ѪΣھҶʱ⽫Լϵɱ
ؾ֣
Ҷһ𣬸Ҫս˵ɱȴû뵽Էֻһ˲˻ȥûжͣ
ղǿ꣬ҲһؾѣȻؾ֣ڰ׼ҵĵλһ͡Ҷתͷɻʵǰ׼ڲôǼλܸ𣿡
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ҶʾȻ˵ͷҪ˭ƵҩԪʣ²٣ʮǹˣúѧһѧԼƼ
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ǵĽʢᣬǸϵչ¶ʵ£ֵһֶΣͨǻóϺͱԼǿƣֻҶ沢ûмκһϵ뷨ȻҲΪ˭
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ҶҪƵһ׵ͼ󣬹Ҫ˰ˮԵڵĲϻˮɳ꺮ֲϣ˵ӦþУϵʱҶ沢ûгȥй䣬ʵʵڿջжµ¼
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ƿܣһֱȽҪӷֶΣӵзжһرϣ˲ش罫еĻײؽܵУȿܿ˺˲ʮֿɹۡ
һҹ糿ۺҶԼ֪˲ٵĽȻ¼עܶ࣬ϧûӴⷽĶֲǺףЩֻԼȥԹ֮Żס
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ţ׻ҪʼˣϤĽҶ£ͦͦˣվ߳˷䡣
һţͱŽװԭء
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׹ôˣĿƯҶΧŰתһȦεĿ޵ƽʱһ£ضּ࣬ͻȻôһջζ·ҶЩϰߡ
űʵЩ죬ԴЩڳԵ˵ûûʲôϻкܶˣֻ롭ֻԵ̫ˣͿ쿪ʼˣȹȥɡ
˴·һ·ϲеģֻǺܶ൥߶ͷפ㣬ŰŵıӰšŮӺϣ仰Ҳ⡣
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Ƭ¥һΣıǸߴʮ˲ʯ¥ȺмһʮĶСĵطߵĿͶҪͨǿö࣬ῴ볡ϵ
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ʲôСӲô
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İɫͨ죬ҶԼС֣˶ﲻͣǰŲȥ
һʱ䣬Щس͵͵ҶһۣҶͦΣݿʣʱһյůдðŵӿ졣


ʮһ ۷֮· 224 ģ
ҶŰſټȺĽ˾¥
ǣ¥ɽ˺һĻԾҶһʮ˲¥¼ǲ°ˣѵϵ߶ˣ
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Ŷ˼ҶһЦʱ˹æſԷܷܷ֣ղоͦġ
ܶΣѾϤˣֱҶһ¥ĴȥΪҪμҪȥһ룬ǰ׵ǵһңֻڰ׵ʹá
еʱҪӼֲۣϵҩر֮಻ͳһֵǰҪԼû߶ıֻɵȼ۵ĳ룬׼רŵļʦúгλһЩºʣ࣬׼ҶһԼĶ
һ󣬰ŴҶ¥ѡһ׼ӵרõСᣬҶ˵¿Ϳˣһʦ˾ʽʼʱϡϡƷ鱦ЩϡŹֵĶǰ׼Ҵȡ˺ܶ䱦󲿷ֶڽóҶȤĻҲļŶ
ߵ̨ϣҶ濴УܶഩŰ·ĵͽߣڰһĿʯϣһʯһôҲ֪ôҵôǵġѵֱ÷
һҶջĿ⣬תͷŰš˵λȷʵ
Ҷ濴˿¥ϣæµȺ˵Ȳ̫ߣҲӰۿ·ˣεѹᱦʲô
˵һģһʲô伮ǶԷԸ͸¶ϢŶŰڵĹҶԱߣݸһ׵زĹӡ
ʱһʮָ̬泡룬ɤӴ˵ҺãʦͣǳлǰǾٰᣬ׼˺ܶıڽʱһһڴǰϻ˵ϹأÿμӼ۲һٳ룬۸ߵãʽʼ
һƷһؾڵԭϵ۱󣬵׼һٳ룬ڵɲ˵ƳⵤҩŮӰղأλϵģҲҪץʱŶ
ʱ˺۵ٳ룡
٣˲ʾӼ۵
ҳ˰ٳ룡
ͼɿĿʼűڵĸãȻֻؾΪڲʵȼһЩԹ߷׷׿ʼӼۣܿһٳͱǧࡣ
׹ڵܱסŮӵ𣿡Ҷڰ͵˵ǻɣȻ˵ĵҩϧȴû˵Ҫñڵҩġ
ǿԵİɣҲʦⷽҲǺűʵĺΣЩ״ʶ֪ٴˣҶŰɵģҲ֪ô˵ϾԼҵĲҵܲ˵ƭ˵ģûЧɡ
ҶǷЧȻһȥɱһֻޣڵܱסյĵҩԼӴȥõģҲǺǵģʱеԵɡڵõģӿɹǵֵҩʦص㣬ûƣڵҲûʲôô
Ʒ廨ţӸ޲ϣϡرƷʵ鱦ϡȱӦоУҶۻңϧֻвһ룬¼ƷõĿʯ󣬾ûʲôȥˡ
˴һʮ죬׼Ϊʵ׼˲ٺöһ׽ĳһٶʮۣͰڽİչáû뵽λӵܻǲƴ֣ӲǸһ˴ʮ̧һٶ롣
Ȼû˳룬ȴҶ۽磬ܶû˵ı׷࣬һʱЩԥǲǸðѴӿռָļʯɳ룬ЩԼҪĶ
ЩҲǷţԼҲʶ֪á
ȥҶ滹û¶ģΪЩܻܿ䶯ʱ˶ϾͲˣ˵Լɱ֮Ͼܱƽ̽ղصĶ϶ͨɫ
ŷ·𿴳Ҷľɵ˵ոҶʶ֮ʱóһʮؾڵΣʵҶ֣ѵʲôֵĶǰ׼ҵпԴΪߵѺȼĳģ⼸ҿҶֺöζ־ģʲôֵĶҿ԰㻻ɳ룬֤㱣ݵġ
ҶһʱԥʱദѾϿ˰ŵıԣΪʲôа֮룬ҶʯȻ߼ҲֻǷܵõԼЩˡǣҶԼռȡһΪʯ˵㿴ʯԶһٳ룿
飿Žӹʯͷʱһɻ֮ӿģʱһȵĿ鲻۵ʯͷ˼ĲϢȴȻʶ
ϸ۲ȴǿһߣԭʯͷ滹һ㼫Ϊܵķӡܸ档
ʲôʯÿֲĻԪ֮ȻҪ÷ӡܣӡ⿪Ļ֪Ҫɢߵ¶أ
ҶɫĿʲôְŲûΪ龧ʯ⣬˿͵龧ʯҼһŶģΪҲ֪龧ʯʲôôһֱռ
ԭˣҶһ£Ǽļʦһ¡ŵ˵ͷҴ뿪˰ᣬϻ𾪵ɫҶȡıһû뵽Ҷ澹ȻﻹļƷϣҲѹֵʱײʮؾڵ⿪ϰ궼ûƿķӡ
ֻǣתһ룬ҶȻôĶóҶǷǳ
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˷ܵĸҶ棬鿴۵ʯͷȻǲϵĳġ
ÿмǺǣʯͷǳǡΪǵ¶ȼߣʹʮĳǿ߶׿ԳޱȣΪǻ֮£ֻڷһ㣬ܹһϵƷߵ鱦
ҶȻôһ飬ðżֱ֡
²Ҷﵽ׻жٺöϲŶܡ
ŵĿ˿⣬Ҷ漱æŸˣС˵Ʋ©׹ôҪñ׷ɱҰ
ԲԲ𡣡æѹţŶҶҪĶһɳҹҲܻһǧ룬Ծ龺ԼҪĲˣ
ҶĶͻȻΪ˱ҲŸ˲ѣԼҲűøƵġ
˰ɡϾҪһЩϡҶ濼һ£ջǾһȻĺϡУˮԪ֮ϵʱɲʲôóʢᣬ໻һЩԼõϵĶҪġ


ʮһ ۷֮· 225 ϷŪ竣
㣬һɳɡϾǰ׼ҵĲҵȽסҶ潫ĵݸţЩ㷲ȻѾˣ㲻ڡ
û⣬ҶԵһȥ㻻ųٴ˳ȥ
һһǧöϾ롣ЩϾÿһöһöͨ룬ЩϾֵ̺֮Ƿ
Ҷ֣һǧ룬ĳ˵ˣĽΪѹƷóõĳһǧʣĲֿٷһ룬ҰȡŶ
ллˣ׹ȻҪʲô۵Ķҿ԰ǰһϾ룬Ҷ治ЩڿЩԼҪĶˣ֮ǰֻһö룬ֻĺԼĻûˡ
һöϾţҶ潫ע·Ʒϣܹͻƾʱãܹ߶иʶ񵤣ͻؾкܴá
¥λѳ򣡻ûиߵˣǾͻʱļƷҩܱ֤ħţܹǿԸĸ򣬶Ը߶Чֵ𣿡
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ʮ¥λѳˣиߵһΣŶѼӼˣ򣡰
·վ̨ϼܵĴ˻ţϵձһĴÿƷɳȥܻһɣԶÿĶѵǰƷ˵ļΪˣͲ˼Ӽۡ
ۿŵҩѾ̧ʮˣһ֪Ҫ٣Ҷ漱æԵļӼ𣬶溰ʮ򣡡
ʮ¥λѳʮ򣬻г۸ߵ𣿡Ҷһۡ
ǰ׼ҵˣȻʶš֮ǰں棬ôһʶ˽ԼİǣڸղţǿͻȻһŶԲϣһһǧ룬ԲȻǰŵģô϶Ҷġڰ͵УʱҶӦĸɴĵӡ
͵һۣæλһӼ룬мӼ۵𣿶ʮһΣʮΣ
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ʮ򣡡㹻ĳ룬Ҷ㣬ٴα˼۸񣬼Ȼһϲ̧ۣǾ͸ֻ̧Ǿȡλ̫࣬ɵȥɡ
ӵһı飬мĿ˿Ҷ棬ٴκû˼Ҫģʮ򣡸ִүŮˣҵҪʲô
Ҷĵ⣬ڰšǰ׵һּҵĵϵӵܣ衣Ͻһ׵һʡڴСλȨءʮǰţʱ;Ϊˣֱüǰ׼ףǣ׼ûͬ⡣ģֿ׷׷˺ü꣬׵˾֪飬ϧһֱû𸴡
ҶĻ̧ۣϵ˷׷׿֣ʮ¥ߵһλã׼ִ³ȤĿ·̾ŲҰôܼӣ
ǺǺǣ֣Ҳ̫ˣ⺢ҴСųģȻһЩҲֻΪС̫簮һëպɳȥһ᳤ܻġ
״簡ҲðοˣҼǽԼ֪̫ˣȥ磬Կ࣬ԲšҼǳһƬȴǲ֪Ϊʲôͬ޸أ
֣£ҲĪǰ׼ҵĹأ˵Ļ£Щͷκϵġ
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һЩʶˣ׷׶Ҷ˺ģƽʱӵڰ׵ϳûٲʶģҸԵĶûʲô³ʹ۸ҲֻܴݺѪ̣һЩԼỤ̊˵ߣҲֻȫҰ׵ǡ
ЩҸȥģմʧˣ˶֪ʵǱµɱˣʬҲʬ𼣣Щ費֪˶ٶ¡񿴵ߵҶԣȻҲ֪ô£ΪڶŮˡ
԰ޱȣŸʣÿζܶǸ֪ҰСӴһúûӣȫ׵Ƕ֪׷ţ˸ûҸߵ̫ģͻȻðȻﲻˬˡ
Ҷ沢֪뷨Ϊڷ񾭣ʱٴΰѼ۸ᵽʮͬʱҲи㣬̧һϾ֣ϾֻƷߵĵҩѣôɵˣɵȻҪɵɣ
ҿ㻹жٳ룬һ򣡡ʤƵĿ˿Ҷ棬ˮһڣҶ滹иĳ룬֮ǰעҶ棬֮ǰϣҶ򣬿ɾûкۣʱͲ³ҶӦûжٳ롣ŵҩѾ̧һ²ҶѾͻƵıԵҶóѣҶ治ˬȥ
үΪŵҩһ̫˰ɣԵҪ̧ۣЩòֵҪǿСӲˬ˰ɱ˲ˣһ뻻ɵҩʮģоЩ̫˷ѡ
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ǽ˰춼ûҶӼۣԵõͻȻǳֻӬһԷʮȻֹˣԼȴɵļʮ
¥ѳһ룬λѣ㻹ҪӼ𣿡ȻʶģֻλּӵܵһʮֿϣѾʼΪҶżˣɵСôӰʱԷٿϢģʱ뷨¶ԭ˵Ц⡣
һһΣҪӼ۵һΡ
һΣɽϲ¥񵤣Ц裬ϵıڳĹϲһ㣬ʵȴˬѣܿλӵܳԱʮָˣæŵҩݸԵİ׼ҵӣ͵¥ȥ
Сôˣˣң¥õˤ˲豭ԵȵȽҸû˵ĵطСӸɱˣȻˣүߣ׵ǻû˸ҵң
ǣүԵӦһޱĿŶ¥
Ҷ֣湻İղһΪŵҩڱصأЦеĿҶ棬һֿΪԼˣ׷һֱֻװûȴûеײԷҶһ˸СʱԼ˳ࡣ
ҶνЦЦ˵ҵģٹҲòһ򣬵ʱһʮӦþܴӱ򼸿ţȻøôϲǾøˣ㲻õҩҲͻƣֻҪϵʱˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 226 ʥ֣
Ҷ沢ûΪһζеģöԷºܻܿᱨԼ֮ˣҸղȷʵöԷԸͷΪﻹʮöףʱ㲻УҲܹ˲ǸѵԱûʲôġ
ߣ׼򲢲̫ߵ֮ǰڵڶ磬Ծǳʲô鷳뻹ȥһ£Ű׼ҲûǸͣһ顣
ϵƷһĳҶ濴еƷ趼һ̧֣ۣͣҲһЩٱҶһÿμӼ۶ʮ룬еʱ򲻵ò
ΪҶݣÿμӼ۶͵һٳ룬Ҫ涨ÿμӼ۲õһ٣ֻһλֽΪýѪûʹҴ뿪˳أҲ뿪ˣߵʱĿҶ߿һۡ
һ۵ʱҶĴ㣬ûȥǼȤĹۿ·ĵʢ
ѾβˣλѿҪϸˡǡԼƷϣģ
ȭͷСĳһʱЩڹĴȫǽĻϵˣǼֻڴ˵Ļϵʥ֮⣬ΪԼ۸Ҳһ·ֻ˲һĹ򣬾ʹĵ׼룬һ·ǵǧڲͣӼС
ҶͷϷʮ¥׼Ҽִ³Ҳ⣬ϰѩΪţΪľǻϵڸղŵһֽм۵Уټ˲ʮμ۸
ϣҪջᰡȽڻϵʥĲϣѾ겻ˣҪǴΣ»²֪ҪȵඣľϵһɣûаѩôļҵףҲûΪ߼ʦĺøףҪγֵľϵ¾ҵҲ
ѩͷһЦЩֻ˵ȱ˵̫磬ȻпľϵҪҵҪϲϴ˵ֳȵһڳ룡Ҫˣ
Ȼϣʵȴﵽؾ۷Ϊڰڶ˴Ϻһֱչزϼ֮⣬׵ҲʵȨˣһ羪ף·ڲ뾺۵߷׷׿ҪҪӼۡ
һЩ׵ǱߣȻ飬һЩ̻ɾͲôˣ˲佫۸ٴߵһǧ룬ðѩ϶Գԥ֮ɫҪǼмȥԼòȥٶһЩܴչ
Ȼڰ׼ңȴһˣ˴зϵලĺϣһ˭б˽ҵɣϻó£ȻѩΪϣȴҲ˽ԼԤ֧롣
һĵĪҶˣ֮ǰΪĳǧ㲻ˣڹͷѾǧܼ۸ǸߴһǧĿֲλڶڻӼۣӼ۷ȴȸղ˺ܶ࣬ǼʮʮģǧĽмȴûˡ
һ£Ҷһǧ⣬ܹǧķֳɣһڵĳ룬ԼҲԲһѹᱦˡ
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һڰǧ롭ȻôߵۣһĻҶԵİųԾѣ˷֮˵ϲҶ֣֮ǰ㻹װڿҪļֵķŶٺٺ٣
ʱҶãһӦ
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׼ҶǵİȫķǳأֻҪ˲뿪ǣͿһֱڳڴȥʲôɱ˽ٻ飬ڳɾ˵ˣȷʵΣҶЩȫЩĵҶ֣ҪһӰɣһȥ·ϳʲô飬ԺûˣģҪİȫ
仰ԭĲѵҶһůǲ豨һ֪ô౦Ļѱֺܶ˶½Աм˵лл׹ȻҾһӣȹʱһǡ
Ҷĳ֮󣬻һľϵƷ鱦ԼһЩϡŹֵϣϧҶͰŶòϣûв뾺ģһֱ뿴ѹᱦȴһֱûг֡
һֱ˵ʱ򣬰ͻȻĶ˵ҿģһͬʱһλĿίǽġһǰ飬ֻǲûбϳҲ֪澿¼ʲôȤоһ롣
óǱӲӵĴ飬ҶͻȻһļµĸоⱾصĽɫĸǣǳӣȴһʶĸоɻΪʲôͻȻⱾָоѵʲôط
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Ҷ޷ȷֻǣԽԽⱾӵ鼮Ǳʥ顷


ʮһ ۷֮· 227 ص䡷
Ȿơʥ顷ĵ伮֣Ҷ治е֡
ǧˣôҲ񾳵ΪҶ治Ϊʮ۷徳ִܹɱֻǣûʥ顷ôܳ
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ⱾϵǿҲ֪澿صʲôλ˭Ȥȥоĸεĵʵǲ׼ⱾżģϧֵݺΪܸߣ׼Ҹﲻó
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ٽ飬ͬɡ伮صõ䴫еķһˣ𣬲ҳΪһ֮¸


ʮһ ۷֮· 228 ڶأ
ĿջڣҶһ飬ϱ鲻ͣ任ȴûдκøļ׼ͷԣΪڱչ
Ҷʱڲ뿪ǣôȻûа취Ҷ档գʧȥģٸҶȥˣΪշתִӰ׼ҳһЩģ˵Ҫһ鱦
ϲѶ̸ϻ˼壬֮ǰҶ涷ҲŲ֮
ڣҶͨǧ˽಻Ϊ֪ܣЩǧǰ飬ɡ嶼֪飬Ҷ𾪵ľⱾ飬ǧⱾص䡷ΪҲ֡
Ȿһ֣ǰϣ˶ͷġʥ顷ֶֻǻ߸ģ׽ʲôû֪ˣȥʵﵽһؾǧҲⱾ黳ʮֵľη
ǰ˵ⱾҲʮ̫꣬ʱһʥΪʲôû֪Щأ
֪ϢԽ࣬ҶԼԽӺ棬Ļ޾ηⱾص䣬ֱ޷üֵģԼ֮ǰʮⱾ飬Լˣ
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һνѣֻأǶⱾ飬һһе֮ûнٵǻص磬³̶Ȳһֻذ
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ǺǡɣͻƵ񾳣԰һ£ϧڵľ̫ˣ»֪ҪءǧοЦ뵽֮ǰҶ鷳Լȴû뵽ת۲û꣬ͱһջ
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֪ԷԼõⱾص䣬ҶöǧҲûʲôģ֪Ҳ˵Ҳܿʵֱ˵˵Լ
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Ҷ֣㻹ȱʲôϰ˵֪Ҳ˵ءҶҪƵĶŸеʮֺ棬ͨڰ׼ҵ϶ûеĲϣЩĵرһϡȱĶѵҪ鱦
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û˵꣬űϵʲôѽұɵʱ򣬺ö궼û취أǧǾǰ׵ǲԶʱܻˣȥΣ·ҲЩ


ʮһ ۷֮· 229 ը㣡
ڰ׼ڵİ׵ǱһΪǧǵ򣬹˼壬ϵˮݣԸ˲Ÿһ֡Ϊ̫ڳʪԵʣûԸ
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׹ǻҪ߶òܵ·̣ҶѾЩż֮ǰû뵽ɳȻ˼Ĵɭͷݣޣ߲Զȥ͵Ըָ޵Ĺʵ˸еĲѡ
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Ҷ沦쵽ӱߵ֦ǰߵʱͻȻһΣӿͷæС԰˵ȵȣǰΣգһֻʲô޶ˣ
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ղһľĸоϮҶͷֱһ׼Զʱ˾ģƺģһֱǱĳ޷׼ȷҳλãֻԭͣ׼ͷ׵罫ͷޱƳ
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շҶһӱɭŸס󱻾޴ѹ׹棬Ѿɵյİ׹صʱعͷһۣȴҶȻɭŲסˣæ󺰵Ҷ֣㣡
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ʱɭžסȫ¶޴ѹţûһʹҲֻܻܿ׵Ŀֲը
׹𿿵̫˵㣡Žĳ˹Ҷ漱æк׵Ҫǰſ̫һܵѱƲѲʹһС
һ׺֪Լ᲻ᱻըؾ޵ǿ˵ӦòڱըķѣΪ˿ǼӲ۴ֿɼûԼˣӦòڱһը
Ҷ֣취ӳѽҶ治ͣͷԼڵ׵ŵöҪˣ֮ǰҶѹȴûţŵ±ɭŹҪһ׼ĻҲӵĽ
ϧһжˣۼҶ֧ţڲͣĽˣΪҶ϶Լȥеĸж뵣һ𱬷˳ˮҶ֣Һ㣬ء
˺лƽףһܰؾֶըٲ˺û취æ֮£Ҷ漱æմ󺰣ɭŲ֪µʲôȻһֺΣյĸоԼš
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˲䣬һӿȻ˷ըȥȻؾǿĽƲԷķǵڣûκѡ񡣵ףԼҲᱻһըʱΣҲҪӳȥ
ҶѾɭŵľ޴סټɭŵۼʵ̫ڼͣͷųĽûʲôЧ۷ԼŪĵ˿ڣѪܿȾҶ·
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ҶҶ֣˵Ļףű޴ıը˫ղŶû·ɭѾȥڸղŵľұըûлع
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Ҷʱϵ·ԼĽ˲ҶѪ͸ˣʮ˵ǰֻǻƽ̽Ƶģʮ־޴ҲŻôżˣȻһһըġ


ʮһ ۷֮· 230 ɷף
쾧ӰϴУһͻأּյأΧԭïʢľ٣ʱըһƬƬյϣ׵ɫʬ塣
ҶڵϣڻָƣûײȴԼĽ˵ĲᣬҺðϴʥҩȻ¶ʱڣ޷ԭˡ
Ҷ֣ÿֲŶؾľɭŶըصĺö治أſűըصľɭţĵЩرȻһʹõģ治ϧ֪Ҷܣٸʵס
۾Ҷɫ԰׵˵ǺܲϧܹûмţҪǸղŲɥǶȻ᲻õģһһŰ
ղΪ˱֤ɭһһţֻʣʮĿˣʵЩʹѡͻȻǧȻܹƳֶҲ̵İɣ
ǧԴӺľһֱصĬĬָǴþֶε׵֮⣬һֱûϵҶ棬ղͷûг֣΢е㲻ȻΪȫʧȥҲܸӦǷΣհɡ
Լ̽ռָУҶԼصΧǧɲֱԼ뵽棬ҪǸǧһȥ鷳ˣǴⱾʱԹⱾĿռĪὫ궼ȥ
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һǰǸ֪ô𣿸ղһؾ޲ңҺмŻ׷Ҷ򵥰Ѹղŷ齲һ飬ûʲôҲǴӻƳģҲǵǧĴУЩӦöġ
ǧɻʵף˵ֿƵĻӣշǸСһƵ֣
ԣǻװǰƷⶫܺãһЩǧȻ֪ҶͷЩȻըɭкܴȡɳɷ֣úõĻȷʵ𵽷ǳЧá
ɭŵһۼ׼ΪͣҶͷŵĽκβˣȴ½׸̽˶űըءҶãʲôޣอܲƤһƣֻҪ취ȥܽ׷õ㲿λһܽ߶ԣͨû˭Ƶ̶ֲֿȣֻҪѡʱ䲻ĻҲ𵽲Ч
ǶǽɷףʲôףʱҴСһĲǸдƷټҪϼΪ̣ܹûöͷˣƳģҲǲдƷ
ɷ׵ĻҵǿԸƷռѰƷƳɷף˲ɱؾ֣ƹ̼Ϊӣ㲻һܴ㹻Ĳϰ
ǧһ⣬Ҷɷ˸Ϊֱ۵ʶȵһѷӵĲϺƷ󣬰಻ѣȻ˲ɱؾǿߵĴڣƲϾͶϰ֣йûû˵
Ҳÿط߶ڲϵĽзͬؾڵܹƵģҪɷףÿһŶҪһöؾڵҪƵĻ֪ɱͷּء
ҶֱӾɷ׵ͷ
ΪʵǶ޷ɵĿ꣬ؾޣ㶼㲻ĻɱȻɷƲֻǿԳһ£һЩȻôʮĿţò˶þͻꡣ
ҶΣֻܷѼϣƺԼĽ˵ɡ
쳤;棬ҶͰڵ쾧ӵηԴأ˴ɭѾôïʢŨܣǵشһƬɽİɽλãҲȴһЩſ˿Զɽ壬˵Ҫˣ⸽ӦоɳҸطϢһ°ɡ
ţ⼸ĵģеԲҶ˵ͷһɾƽʯȥȻҪǿܶ࣬һ·ϵޣʱʱͻأޣһֱھ߶Ƚŵ״̬£ڵ˵طһȻҲоʮƣ
ʱͻȻм˵˶УҶʱ
ꡫæϢԲԶİСģˣ
Ҳ⼸˵˵ͬʱҶͬѡԼϢ󣬽ķųԼԴ̽ȥ
ˣŮһؾŮӣһؾӣ˵ʵҶ潫Լ̽Ϣ˵˳˵Ϊǿʢһһؾ֡
߿ɲͬޣǸԼǣ˵սթҲΪ֪ǵѵˣҶûǲҪ¶ԼĺáԸΥԷǸؾŮӣϰԵԼɨܱڣͻȻھǲԶϢˣæԼĶ˸ƣ˵Сģݵ˲Ǹ
Ϊ߳һƣټǸеˣ˶ûзҶͰˣȴˣ
ʲôǸѵάЩһǸ͵ؾӶʱһæȡԼķս׼
ԣһһŮֱһؾûʲôвߣǹȥǴʲô⣡Ϊ׵ؾһѣҲҶ˵Ĵڣ֮ǰǸ䱻ˣеǱߣʱһ˿ͬѰ޵Ϣûбȫס
ͬʱҶͰҲһ˵ĵǲ˱ܣȻֻᱻ˼ᣬν׷ɱԭغԴ뿴˵Ǻηʥ
˭ΪʲôҪߣʲôĿģǸŮһ˪һĸоؾӲû˵ɣƻúӦõӡ
Ҷ澲һۣӦǳͬһɣϵ·ȫһһװɫۣɫӣ㼱æ͵ҪǰϢӦǳֺ𲻱Ҫ鷳ֻԼϢ
ⷬҶ˵Ĳԣûбֳʲô£Ҳûпֺõ˼ؾΪɲĵ˵ͷֳȷ̬ģӦòѰ֮ˣĶ߽ŵļ˰˰֣ͬ·˽䱸֮ġ
滺ҶŽ͵ǶΪռɳ˵ʵǣʶûκԩʵûɷǰ


ʮһ ۷֮· 231 Ԧڣ
һ˵УΪ׵ؾشǵԦڣǸؾŮ˪ԦŮȻ˵ΪߣͨȨǱ˪յġ
ǶҶĽͣҲеͬʱɳҲһеĿ꣬˪ֱ˵˵ҲҪɳȻǲǳԦģǾһɣʵ̫࣬˶ҲиӦ
˪ʮǽ溮ĻϵģȻ˵룬ǸҶĸоȴһ㡣ԦڵͷŽһóʵ޽ܹϵʹսɣʵС
ΪԦڵĵص㣬ǣЩˣÿ϶һޡͨս֮ʱǻٻһȺϵޣõӦӲϾǵսȺͻԦڵӶʮֳɫԦڵӱսȴϡƽҲǵ㡣
ԷԦڵӣſĵ˵ǰ׵ǰ׼ҵӵܣǼŹϵλ㣬ǳúƯѽ׻˵Ů˼죬ûŮһҲܺܿҵͬ⡣
ȻźϲҶһĸоչǸˣЩû취˵ģԦڵŮӣҲϱܿ͸˴һƬһֱɫ˪˪Ҳѵ¶һ˿΢Ц
ȷʵ˵ԦںͰ׵ǰ׼ҵĹϵһֱʱһЩӴľ޸׼ңΪʵԵ֪ڰ׼֮ԦŮе˿䱸Ҳ
ôİݣҲޣ˶ʮּѣΪʲôΪôͣܵϵǢش룬Լɻ
ǧѾ˰ˣֻ˪Ҫ׽һͷ׶ޣ쾧Դͷϧһֱûе׶ޣβɥ޿ڣɳǸռĲϰˣʲôĶ
ش磬ǸղŻ㱻һɭųԵأǿؾޣҶʵǿ󣬽ǵİһʱ˷ܣ㽫Ҷʹûƽ׵˵˳һھ֪áر˵֪һΪæĿڵֽղѵɭŸɱˣʱʵ̫ա
ͼӴףԭ쳣Ѹݵһս˵ĻɫղϣϧԷҲɵӣϷ׷¶ŰɵɫϾһؾСӣһؾİţҪɱһǧǶʮ˿־ľɭţʵ޷ţҲ̫ϸѯʼĩֻһԸš
Ҷ濴óǲţҲûȡЩˣԼл׵֪ԽԽãǵʱʵ̫Σգ뱩¶ڰŵǰȻദôãҲ˽˰ŵıԣǲһ򣬾һ߰ࡣ
һȺ˶ϢָԼĵķ˪˵ԼҪѰ׶޵Ĵ㣬ѯҶͰûпϧҶ˸ûĿһֱûۿҶһۣһؾĵͼţû취ķۣΪ߾иؾԦš
Ҷ沢ʲôԼʵʵԦȷʵͷСʵҲ㹻ڣңǽ򣬲ڵһվһξֱӰ
ϢʱҶųڷԲĵϸžɳλãеҪĿ꣬ҵɳ֮ûʲôȥıҪˡʲô׶ޣȻҲȤϧԦڵķţʹʵǿޣҲɱԼѡ
ǣ֪ôģشȴҶܸȤղŰŵ˵УѾİʵһɭǷղӣصʵݺӣܹһʵɭɱҲĶȥ
Ͼһɭţֻķݶͬ˺Ȼնɱؾַľٶ
Ҷ֣ĸɻ߼壿˼ȥش̽̽ҶĵϸϾ׼֪ģϧҶֲհףʵǳĸɻ߼İɣ
شʵԼҶεЦЦֱ˵˵֣пܲţҲǽ֮ˣԭڵĵӣΪһ壬ǵ׷ɱ֮²ʱһ˾ǰ׹֤ġ
Щ߹ţڲǰһ˵ǣõʱҲԼģԱֱ˵˵˳һЩŲ֪أͻ˰ٵ˵
شɻתͷŰŵʵã
ţǵģʱҶָոմ͹ʱҲǸһΪҶһء
ش֤ƵԼŵͷȻʲôĻ֮ˣʲô˵ʲô˵ܷģΪʲôҶϻгģΪʲôʮؾ޵ڵЩûʹҶ棬Ҳû
˰ŵĽͣشһЦ˵ŶǺǣҶ֣㲻ҪᣬҲҪѯĸףֻǶ㲢ǺϤܹնɱһֻؾɭŸе档⣬ȻǽҲߣһͷһμ˵㣬ҶֵܲҪְ
˰ŵ֤ʵشҶĺķһЩһһ壬ڽҲΪˣһ׷ɱһɱ˼ҵҪҶȻͨʵһǸݽɫ
ðɱһҪĴڣǷ֮
شԼ;ԲңʹΪԦߵĵӣұһͬãǵʲôǿĴڣͳǿ϶Ϊһ˶ͱ˿սЩԸᣬպܻܿǰȥԦȥһƽ١
һ̸ҶشǸǳǸΪѲĺݽɫҿ˪ֺãȢλԦŮҲ˵ѡΪĻ˽ʵڲʲôǵ뷨
һаϢ˰ʱ֮شվ˵ϢôҶֵܺü룬ǴеİȫΧӦÿʵ󣬶ҴҼȻҪɳһѰ׶ޣһѰҾɳΣ
˵֮ĿͶҶͰţΪһ˵ҪĿ˪һֱҪ׶ޣҶͰŶ˲Ԧ֮ˣƶ޵ȤҪһҶ˵
ðѰҲܳﵽʵǿޣǰ˸һҲܷһЩҶأ


ʮһ ۷֮· 232 棡
Ŷشľ޳ɣȻҶǰѰҾɳģҪֲϣǧϵʵ̫ǿ֮ǰ˺üζ㱻޸ԵʵǿͬУûбһЩ
ҶȻҲȻǰ׼ҵаϵڣҲԼôԱ˵лˣȻֲҶʵ΢ǾһɣҲ֪ɳ󵽵ʲôط
ǱڵµĿǺѲ̽ģΪⲻͬڵѰҶƾܸ֪λãڵµĶܵʮ΢ʹʲôӲĶҲ޷ͨʯͷǿûɳɰӣĿʯ
Ҷֵ˵ﻰȻõѣԦȻҲ㵱ˣοնɱؾޡּޣϣеܳ
ش仰˵ָ˵棬Ҷ˵ʵ˵ã㲻ģҲӦʲôطȻһؾľɭţԲûõܹġ
ҶֻεЦЦڰǷٵĿޣҲе޿κΣ׵֪԰űѴ󲿷ֵĹͶͷϣ˾ãǰڴţʲôֶΡ
һͬУȻ֮ǰȫ˺ܶ࣬һЩؾһˣֻܿӴܵط֮ǰҶͰһʱˡ޶ʵ֪ʮУ֪ȻԭأɵɵǰǣһԵнٶȿ˺ܶࡣ
ԦרӦ޵ķشһ޸һĶӦΧ޵ķλʵǿȣʵؾϵޣͱܿˣҶҪѰҵľɳȴһֱûѰ
ۼЩԦڵĵӶѾѰ׶ϣҶֻҪԼųŽµĴȥȻܴܵ󣬵ֻһƬԲʮɵķΧҲʲô̽
ֻشɽϣֻ׶㣬¾ȫʯҪʯзֱɳѶȿɾʮִˣҶһ°ţҪ֪⾧ɳʲôӣԼȴ֪
⾧ɳһɳѹһɵʯһճһɳһ㣬ͨʯͷԵĲֻͬ־ɳһʯҪֱȷʵס
ΪҶ˵һҲͷԼѰ϶ֻһ㣬ȥҶҪǲ֮⣬ܶռһЩؼ廻ȡҩʲôġڰ׼ҵϡȱĲϿǺܳģܻϧҩԼʵ
ν׶ޣȻҲʶһµʲôӣ˪ոʶãҲ˼ҪԦ֮ʹ׽Ҳûϵһа˵УԦ֮˶ѰޣֻҶͰѰҵµĿٶȻҲʮֵĻ
ΣҶ治ɵżʼﵽûоɳҪȥߵɽ崦֮ǰѾӦشһѰˣҲٱԣֻڵԼעµĴء
֮һߴɽϣȴͻȻһ޴Ķڳ޵ľ޿һ㣬ðһɴ̱ӵζڵѵǻɽҶҶ治²⡣
ǰھģܾоɳҪǽȥңɽشųӦһ£ûʲôΣմڣ
µѰң׶ѾʲôϣˣʱռЩɳҲܻȡһЩϡ
źںĶڣҶش˵һȻɽϣôͻȻð󶴣ֻûоɳ˵ˣ˼ҲҲ˵½ȥûʲôһʣģҲʡԼѰҵ鷳
û飬شŶȥڲڶ˵νܹӦĵطͿԿΧһ
ԦһУ˪Щ̫ˡɳҪڸϣȻ˸ϣеĿĽ׶ްˡ
ҶͰ棬ΪͣһڿоɳЩԦڵĵӶǰ棬Ǻش˪ɲһֻбԦĶѣûʲô˵أ߾ɳĸ϶ʮϡȱȡճʺϲˡ
ǰˣҶԵİŴ׹ǰ׼ҺԦںôоǺͦ䵭ģȻ֮ǰһ˽̸ǣɳһĶ¶ʵĿڶ棬ҶǺα
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˪ŮĽ̸УȻƻ磬ʵܿ˪ûаѰ׼̫ڰ׼ҲûʲôλǳʶȻᱻӡ
ŪԼĿǰĴҶҵɳ뿪ЩԦڵӣֲҪ׽ޣ˼ҲԼĵ΢ʵαظֿء
ǰţǰͻȻɳһƬɫ㣬ȶԦڵĵٿطʼ߿κˡش˪ȻҶߴܹȥûüκˣ
ҶƲæ߶鲼ȫŰžȥֺɫһֺܿµĸоٴȥ¾ûˣŻ֪ʲôЩɫѾʼȥ
СģҶ澪һϽԼķţͬʱٶȴѾսļײԦڵӲ֪ôˣȻսһ
һֱܳԶҶɿ֣ŴʵôЩʲôΪʲôǴˣղһ˲䱬ٶȣڸͬߴսһԼ˲ӿһ
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شɫĿ£ղ˪ǰ棬ҪӦ죬һֱ˲˪ӳˣڻǼԼڵһ
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ʣµеӾ͵ùˣʱЩɫ㲻ͣسڣϵ˺ۣʧȥǵҰһ㣬ű㻥˺ҧͣͷԼóĹƬ̣˱һʣµۿҲŲ˶ˡ
֣ô־ǣ˲ҿҶͷƤһ飬֪ͨѾ֪Щɫ㣬ʵһֻֻ΢С֮СӣɢĹâܹԻ˵ǣʮֿ¡


ʮһ ۷֮· 233 س֮
شЦһҡҡͷǲָ֪ǼκܹߵڣԲʶУǵ꣬ôһȺ棬ǼӳѾˣ
ôҶ濴˿ɫʮѿԦڵӣش˵Ӧģû˵仹רĿֲӣǰҸղԼӦʱȻֻ»һ
棿ôֶҶУͻȻðǧӰȻǰģ壬ҪȸյõⱾصʱʵһЩ
ֹɽڲƣҶʵǰҲʶЩӣղҲ㱻Щڣ֪ô𣿡
ǧͻȻ֣Ҷе⡣⻹һԼʶڣ֮ǰҪѯʻ׵飬ƻ֪ҪĬʲôʱ򡣿¾ж͸𾪣˵СӶȻǳ
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ǰ˵ģа취Щ棬Ҷʱ˷ղۿЩӵģؾΪԦڵӵشҪûܣ³һЩӵбرˣаɣ
õǧ˵ȻоֹС泤ʮ꣬ѻ֮ˣȻɱǣһЩƵ˵ǡ
ǧȡڷ֮󣬾Ѱҹָ棬о˺ܳһʱ䣬ڷһֳܹӵķǱǴ׳濪ʼÿԼľѪҩճΪ帯֮󣬾ͿļԿˡ
ֻҪѪϣͲɣһּΪõֶΡ
Ե֮ʱӷų˲ŵ˵ãΪ֮ˣöԷԼĿܣվⸯϡ
ǧһ⣬Ҷ治Щ˹Ŀس֮ͷһ˵ԼϼǧֻԺ󲻹޻ǵˣһŵơ˪˶ԱߣԼ׽ɡ
ش磬ǽôѽԦڵĵѾʣһȻûȴľͷһڵϣĿŶڣʮֺˣðһʱ亦²ѣҲ֪ôˡ
ЩʮɱҪȻ⵽Ҷ滹ץֻţƱظԦ˵ĿγìܣشǲٽȥˣҲֻܰ·λԺȡЩӡ
ɫصɨӼһۣش侲˵ǲȥˣɽѾռݣ治֪ж٣ҪóȻȥֻһʹΪ˾ɳҲֵðôķգ
شǴռһЩɳȥЩرģ񱻸ͬʦܵٴðաֻʣСʦã˪ʲô״㲻ţҲᱻ׷ɱ
һȻ֪κףֻҪ˪Ϳˣܲץ׶ޣǶνɳԤеĶջˣǿп޵顣
Ҷ״Ȼˣֻõͷǣɽûоɳ˵أ޷˵ȡ棬֣ҪȥĵطѰҰɣƬɽô󣬿϶ֹһоɳġ
Ҷ˵ǣֻŻͷһɽлЩѹû뵽֮ǰ̸Цˣתۼͳʬ壬ǿҵоߵʵЩ̫ˡ
ش̾˿֮ǰ˵Ҫɽģû뵽ȻиֲֿĶʦֵܾԼǰҲǺܺãεͷ˵ðɣԸλʦܲҪԹңҲ뿴ġ
Ԧڲк˽⣬ڸؼҲо֪Щ֮£ȫʮؾ֮£涾ˮ֣֪һЩϹӵʮֲֿⸯһ֣ʮڡ
һ˿ʼطѰȥ飬ÿɫ̫ÿҶڶĩβлôȡЩ棬ǧ˵ֳӱѪľϣֵָĵطһѪľǸɽǱȥһ˵ġ
ֻҶûзֶΣһȽͷۡڸʮУֻҪһΧڣͻѪľϷɳΧĿꡣҪȡѪľ͸沢Ǻס
ʱǧȡʱΪӲŵģûֻҪγһʵ㣬ø޷ʱʴ꣬ҶֻؾΪҪﵽ̶ֳʮѡ
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شҲһϲ뵽ʲôһɬתͷҶͰ˵Ҷֵܡã߸ʧ֣Ȼϣܾһ£ץͷ׶ޣҲѰҾɳģ𣿡
Ҷһ¶Ȼɫһ΢ЦŵͷİţЦ˵ַģǶԵȫǣ֮ǰҲѰҾɳģڷĿ꣬ȻԹ۵ģ
õҶŵش¶ϲɫ˵лҶˣ׶ͨصʵ˪ʦһ˶Ը»Σգǿȥɣ
ҶӦһźԦＫٵŮһ𣬸شǰȥ֪׶޵кβֵ֮ͬԦǰ׽ѵʵʮǿ˵ӵ
֮Ҷһ˿˪Ϣھǰһ֮УҲϢȻȥ
һͷëɫư޳ҶĸӦ֮Уֻͷӵؾʵһɫë˴ͷһɫʮۣͨİһͷʵǳǿޣ
ؾɱ֮ǰҶɭŻһ磬ֻشﵽأ˪һԦŮֻؾҶͰţԺԲˡ
ҪɱͷޣҶ浹аûƽȡҪҪ׽ѶȾͲһĴˣԼ˺Ѵɡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 234 ׶ޣ
һ˷ǰ˪Ҷȴǵʵ֣аؾޣҪɱѱȵ죬׽ˣ
شЦЦ˵Ҳû뵽ͷؾģֵͨĲؾӿЩ鷳תͷһϲ˪֪ʦúӵһͷ׶ޣ϶λᣬôֻܽһսˡ
Թ°ʵףѽģͷؾʵϣǺֻܴʦõʱ벻Ҫǿв׽ĻʵЩ鷳һʲô⣬ȥý
ɨһԼߵˣشСԸǣס취ƵΧֹֻܷҪˣҾа취
ȡϺɫҩһʹĽҶ桢ţǸ˵ʦã˵鵤һܶʱǿǿȣҲ̫ơҶֵܡãΪͣһǧСģ
ӹҩҶĴڱǰţһѰҩķҷ֮⣬һɵѪζشһۣҲһţŰﵤҩ£ͬʱСֹǿǿȣֵĺö治ٰ
ط粻ɿЦ룺һ鵤ܻõĵҩһٶȻǺöҪؾޣҲŲó
ͷһ˪Ȼʹ߷ȥæʦãʦãȱȥϧ˪ħһ㣬Ȼôǰȥûдط缱æ˸ƣȳǰȥ
鵤ҶԼͻȻӿһɼΪǿʢѪ֫ٺӶȥܿͳȫоʹ۰ţʹ˸ɫѵ׹һѾͷ裬ȥͺˣǱסҪ񣡡
֪ˣҶҲҪģſҶһۣʾԼסγ֪ؾ޵Ȼͷ޷ǳÿҲҪԼʵΪʱ˪һԵСӣֻҪԼϲĶһҪõֲſϰݡ
ԦٵŮӣֻޱĸȥûпҶͰһۣ·Ƕֻǿһ㣬ܿطĲͷսһ
ҶŮûʲôøУо˪Ҫ䣬ֱıɽҲûдˣͰһȥȻ֪شʲôֶΣܽͷؾޣǼȻӦ˼ңֻӲͷƤǰæ
һͻȻ֣ͷһ˻ͷһͱӶϷųƬѩ׵磬ʹΧͻȻ轵ʮȣΧĲҶ֦ȫ˺˪һֱ۴ϸ׵ӶȥڵԾδţһߣ
Ҷ״æ߶ЩͬƬһѩмͬʱָ̧߾ؽһѿնǰȥɲͷ޵һֱʹȫǰĿռͻȻһĽһںĿӣðҵ磡
˲޵Ĳ˺ѹȥһֻҪնʵˣ϶ͷܵˣϧ׶ҪҶ߳ĸ磬ͻȻһԾͷͷųһˮͰֵ׵磬ֻһ˲Ҷ档
ҶСģ
һֱҶߵİţ˿ֲ׵ȥʱôϧһĻȴһ
ſ͵׵֮ߣҶ˴ҩһ㣬һû˷׵һܼգתԼķȻ֪ԡ
ֿͶ԰ЦЦҶ浭˵İɣ׵˲ң
ϣٴչ˸Ϊ͵Ĺͷ޶ż׵硣
ش˪˱ҶĹһĻ𺳣ǿ׵֮ʹǶ˳ҲûôɣɶҶʵʵѵǸز©ĸ֣ԼʵΪ
׶ܵҶĿ͹ʱעϣһʱԭԦ˿õȻǣƶ޵˴شϲͬʱҲҶ浽ʲôٴβʡ
Сһ㰡Ҷ֣ԴʱҶǿشɵҲ˳ƺ֮ǰ֪Ҷʵ䣬ֻǿԵĽҶֵܣҶֳʵɿʼ˹Ŀ࿴
Ҷתͷشһۣ˵֣Ҫ㰡ҳŲ˶ʱģȻֳսоϧɵӣԷ޵Ĵ󲿷ֹȻܣ
ȻҶ治׵繥ЩѩȴǳɵڸղţСıһƬѩ˸첲ڻѪĻ£ٶȻۿۣʱսȥĻΪ
Ͼ˫ĸĲ࣬ҶֻռĹ⣬ʵ޷ؾ࿹⣬ֻ׵硣
ۼ׵˲࣬׶ҲаƵļӴ׵εķ֣û𵽰Чʼתԣشʹ׵磬Ҷֻú
һ濪ʼЩƲסˣش˲ûҶı̬ʣǴˮͰ׵缫ΪɵֻܲͣĴţϧ׵֮߳ʪϴԺǿʹǶʮɻǻеʹѡ
ս֮ʱشһˮСĽ𻷣ѰʱԦ޻ֻҪ޵ĲϣͿͨطս޷ѣӶﵽ޵Ŀġ
ϧһֻԦ޻ֻܿؾޣؾ׶ޣұ֤᲻ѣΪÿһԦ޻϶һʵԽǿޣԽҪΪ͵Ĳϣܱ֤ѿ
һߣҶشһֻ𻷣ȴһֱûʲôΪЩĴߴٵ㶯ְ֣ҪŲסˣѾ鲼ʮ˿ڣѪעͷ׶ǼߣԴӷ׵޷˺㿪ʼ÷ıмѩƬ
һʱҶܵļΪѣЩѩͱмڼ͵¶£ǵƬһ㣬ϻһ¶ѪֹҺ֮ǰ̷һѪ鵤ǿȴǿͬʱҲСȻͱǧˡ
ٳһ£ϾͺãشҶѾˣ㲻ӣ׶תͷҶʱͻȻԦ޻˦պͷϣʼ߶Ԧ޻
ͻȻסĶ޺Ȼһ̿ʼϴ˦ԴҪֻĻӸŪϧϾ࣬û˫֣ԦƵԦ޻ϡȱĽƳɣΪͣյ
סˣʦ˪һ֮ǰ˪ݣչһЦ˷ܵľͳŶ˹ȥ
ɾʱͻ


ʮһ ۷֮· 235 ѣ
𣡡
Ԧ޻ס׶͵طһִ׵罫ȫ棬ϵԦ޻ϺͻȻһͷ˪˹ȥ
ãʦõģ
һãشٿȻȥ
ϧ˪һξ룬Ȳ޵ٶȣûüѣ˪ͱͷǸ̰ĶǴУѪ򴦣˳Ǹǵεδ˳
ʦãôôɵش̾˿Ҫֹϧͷ׶޺ȻǴһ㿴ǰ˪һʱ䶼
ǿżͷʹ˪תͷȵʦֲҪûжġ˵ɫ԰׵ĿŶ˫ʯ۾૵£Ҳ˺ġ
ͬʱḧŶɫëڴһ㣬ͣذο׶ޡ
ֵһĻҶ治ɵ۾һŵӿǰ
ֻͷͻȻƽе֮ʧԼĶǳ˳ͷ˪ͷѪ˪ϸָԼͷĦ
ͷ޲ǹİɣҶͷ׺ؾͻȻ䰲оЩ̫ʲôʱô˵ˣ
ʲôĸѽ֪ˣ޺ϲŮģ϶˪ϵŮϢеű˳ġŵҶһۣȥҲϲ׶߰ޣ΢Щ˽⡣
һĻ˪֮⣬˶ȥȻͷ޶˺øУȻͲҪսȥˡҶһ£ʰҪ˼ҩ㿪ʼָϵơ
ղͷ˵Ĳᣬ϶ദѩƬͱмƣȵ鵤ҩЧ󣬻¶ʼ
ѩ㣬Ҫôѽ
ͻȻһЦֻ˪ͷ׶ޱϣź߿ʼٱٶ̫죬ҶֻһӰͣ켣вɴһԭͷ޵ٶȾȻ֮죡
Ҷ㿴˪ɹˣֶأָǰǵӰ˷ܵ˵񽵷׶޵Ƶġ
ʲôÿģԺ϶ץ⻹ޣҶƲƲ죬ֳһ벻ӡֲ׽޵ķʽ߸һֱΪҪطرĹܸ޴ùϵҲ
˵ɽﻹԦڵӵʬ壬ϻЯʲôģ˵Ԧ޻ҲСһʲôŮû޸ùϵҲԦڵֶȥշֻˡ
Ҷ潥ΪʲôԦڻǿˣÿ˶һް֣˶ҪԼ֣ܽ˸նɱ˵֣һߴżֻޣҲû˸
ʱشЦ߹˵ղллҶˣҶּʱסͷޣǼ˶֮ǡû뵽Ҷصľ磬Ȼؾ޶·磬ĳ֮
ڨڨһЦҶǫ˵˵ЦˣҪ⣬ôɰûблͷԣؾ޼ɵ֮׵繥ֶεޣֻĶһ·ˡ
շ˪ã֮ǰһӣߵĻЦͷĲֺ
źһԦŮĽϧղΣ˪ǰ¸ңܻܿͷܣ߼ֹܿó˪׶һֽƫִϲ־塣
µĹңҶԼøޣֻʣһֶˣεҡҡͷش˵֣ʦõͷˣ԰ѰҾɳ𣿡
Ȼ԰֮ǰǲѾ˵ôһǾȥѰҾɳȥشĿⲻȻ˸һ£ԻŶ޿񱼵˪ʦãͣɣҪˣһô죿
˪һЦͷߺʲôѩģؾޣҲһս֮
˿ȫ˸ղŵգĲֺȻͣԦһֱ˵飬û˸ˣҲǱ˵ĸܣֻԼľͺá
Ĵ𸴣شҶһЦ˵Ҷ֣ʵڲ˼ʦ̫ˣҸղǶ˲ٷҿںϢһ°ɣȻȥѰҾɳô
ǺǣǺðɣҲһʱҶЦЦһïʢĲݵȥʼĿָĵķ˼˪ԦŮҲҪ˼ҰԼѰҾɳҲֻܴӦ
һֱɫʱ˪Ŵӵõ׶޵ϲаŶڵλãͻȻЩʱ˵˵ʦ֣ѩͬһˣǲǿ̻ȥˣ
һ˻Ҷжʱ֮⣬֮ǰش˵õץޣͻѰҾɳģʱ˪Ȼڣѵشû
ʦãشתͷǸĶҶһЦ˪͵ղѾӦ֣ץޣͰҾɳģ㿴
˭֪û˵꣬ͷ׶ط͸شһ˫ӡߵĵɳȥʮԶ·ͻȻȫûӦ˲䱻߷ɣʱɤһ𣬱ȳһѪ
ѩ㲻ǴӦҲ˺˪æܹȥشеʵʦ֣ô
ͷһۻŭߣ̤ѵĶޣͻȻ֪ΪʲôѩᷢƢˣ޵ǶܸߣѩǷǳߵȵޣȻʦָղ˵ʲôܿΪǾ䡰ץޡ֮֡
Цһ˪˵ٺ٣ʦ֣Ҽѩܴģ㾡ǰ˵̼ĻȻ㻹ᱻģ
شһ񣬿˿Զ׶ޣֻܿЦһ£ղŭҲȫˣΪԼ˵˻Űӣ˵ȥ
˶Իһߵ˶ЦͬʱҶҲΪͷ޵ǰ࣬˻Թǲ𰡣Һøղû˵ʲôȻӾͰԼˣ˪һ𣬼ʹԼҲװ
ţԣҶͻȻղ˪ĻȻӲǨһףղűͷһǲ£㼱æڵϵϢ˵ش˵֣Ԧ˵㲻㣿ղӦҵģѵȴҪڲɣ
ܵҶĿ⣬˪ͷһЦղдӦѩֲ㽵ģ˵ֲҪʲôɳԼȥɣһ·Ҫûǣͱ޸ˣȴҪǰҲϣǺЦ


ʮһ ۷֮· 236 ٲɽ
˪Ҷ沢ϤҲûаǲϵûؾӷ֮ǰֻץޣûʦָ˵ЩʲôղǳսҲû⵽Ҷ浽жǿ˼ôȡöϡ
ʱشȴ˵ҪҶѰҾɳȻͬ⣬Ϊһ·϶ԼڱΪ֮ˣֽĿѾɣȻǧϾһΪѰҲ϶ǵ鷳͵òʧˡ
ʦãղȷʵӦҶˣ˵ղȷʵ˲ǲܹӲŰԼʦ˵شʱúѿʦõƢ֪ģ˵飬ǳԣھ뿪ǧǣԼҲû취
Ҷۿˣڳ˫һ㣬һһ˵ȻǶ˵ˣҲ޻˵ʹûǣҺͰ׹ҲƬִ߰죬žޣҲԲΪʳ³
˪㣬㲻ѽղشȷʵӦˣż߼ַʱðɫ˪ת⣬һԼϲˣһǰ׼Ҽм
飬˪ʵЩ֣Լõ׶ޱƲ£ʹκεط˲ݣ˪Ȼڳһ⼸춼ڱӣҲŭ
Ӧ飬ҿûӦ˪ָֻ֮ǰĮתͷش˵ʦ֣ҪҾԼȥˣѾʧ֣ҪΪʲôɳ鷳Լҵȥɣ
˵תȥͬʱȡ˿ռзҪƿնȥشε̾˿Ҷ˵Ҷ֣ʵڶԲס֮ǰ鵤Ȥʮ鵤ɡ
ҿɲԦڵĶһպ󷴻Ҫô죡Ҷ沢ûȥƿҩһ䡣Ѿ׼ŭԼղŻôİסͷؾĶأԭˣ
شޱȣǺǺǣҶ˵ЦˣʦıŮû취Լȥһ;ʲô⣬϶Ĳҵģһô
شЦߵŸǰС˵ãһ·Ҷǻչ˵ķݶϣʦһʶСͱ߻ˣı˵ĸܣʮ鵤ҽҶ֣ʵǱǸպ󶨵ȥ׵ǵл
˵ȰžܾһԦŮӳȥ׷˪ˡҶ棬Ͳ֪İŻվԭء
Ҷ֣ԲҲû뵽ȻˣҲɳȻص׵ǣһȫչоԼ˴İţίֲ˵
ȫû뵽˪֮ǰΪ˪ǲϵҶҲǣ˽ʹúܶԲ
²Թ㣬ֲСǼˣȻǲԸæˡҶ̾˿ο˰һ䡣˵˫ֻǳʶûʲôԣȻǿסģֳ磬úߡ
⼸ʱ˪һֱѰ׶ޣûаѾɳϣش˵ҲһϾֻǸ𱣻ŮΣģŴٳ⵵˵顣
ˣԼҰɣǰûǼҲûιôǲ࣬ǲ١Ҷ鲻ˬźǰȥ
Ҷ֣ȵѽ鵤㣡ƿҩ׷Ҷ鲻ãҲЩ
ŰɣʱٸҲ١ҶͷҲûص˵һ䣬ǰȥûǨŭڰţΪ¸ûϵԼ̫ЩԦڵˣһлΪԼʵ΢ŻᱻƲ
ؾ˲ҶʱҲԴﵽҶ氵¶ģһҪԼʵǧߣò˶ñԳشʱ˪ǹӲŵС˻ҲСԼ
һӴ˱ˣҶͰٴξٲάǧǵΣʵǿؾ洦ɼҪȫܹʵںѣûԦ̽޷λķֻԼֱ
ҺҶΣʮУ󲿷ֶܹǰÿʵڶ㲻ģһѻͶɱɭŵһĻٴݡһջ˲ٸߵȼ޲ϣڵĿţϵĲҲкܶࡣ
Աߵĺˮʮֹһ棬ҶͰŶź˺ԶûмʲôǺïʢдֺͲݵأҺˮҲ̣ΪԼ˺ء
ʱˮ
ףҶ֣ǰٲ
ڰߣź淢Ҷ棬ͻȻԶŵľվ˹ȥ
ǰһźܴڵסߣһԾ϶ܹȥʱ򣬿ǰͻȻһԼƥ±ϡ
Զһʮĸɽٲɽֱ֮£Уھ̫ԶֻһȻңǰֲǾö¡¡ͣأԭ⸽ٲ
ٲʲôϡİûȻ׳ۣҶʱΪҲɳգȥʲôٲһɳ϶Ͼͻɱȥ
ǲǵҸ˵ɳٲֵļʱȽϴ󣿡˷ָܵǰ˵ܾܿѽǿȥҰɣ
˵𣿡Ҷɻͷһӷе࣬治ǵһ仰Ȼпҵɳǻǹȥɡ
ſĵܹҶִߴٵѽĥĥġ
һ·ǰУԽԽٲҲԽԽֻҶֱţһĸо
ˮƢº⣬Ҷʱ˹ǰͬڵʤһʱоԼʮСһĸо
ôֳһɽվٲԵĸϣҶ淢ٲһ޴ĶڣǾſĴһ㣬˲ǰɽĸ棬᲻ҲʲôֲĴڣ֪УЩ
ŲûҶ״Ƕ¼һСʯͷϸһ˷ܵ˵Ҷ֣쿴Ǿʯһоɳҵˣ
ʯ󣿡ӶݵĴתѣҶӹ۵ɫʯͷЩİɫϸ΢壬ʵɳڸɵÿǾ޴ĺᶴڣϣ治ҪٳʲôΣյĶˡ
иɽǽȥɣŻͷ˿üͷҶ棬Ц˵ôҽôʪ϶ʲô棬ʲôµġ


ʮһ ۷֮· 237 ޵
ǰڵĶڣҶν˵ҵǺ£ֻǾǧΣķǱСĲУȻôĶ֪
ҿǺˣԭҶֵҲ𣿹ŶҶ˸ȳǰٲĶڷȥû뵽ӿĶᡣ
Сһ㣡Ҷ׷ȥܿڶ䶨æͷԼ̽ȥ
ȷʵǸиڵɽŵˣڼ߾ЩĻš
Ӧһûʲô˿԰˵ʲôûУܰȫȽȥں棡
ۼҶһ࣬ҲЦݣĸں棬ȥ
ҶԱһرĵĸоʲô鶼ƵģָоԴҲûй
Ҷ棬һĪϲĬĬĿһһ
ָоܺã鲻Խǰ˿
ô㺦ˣܵŲԽԽҶͷȤⶴܳʪϺڶһɢ̦޺ȥʮʪ
ŵ˵ģСûء

ŲŸ˵꣬ͻȻһǰȥҺҶ淴Ӧʱһѷסûˤ
ǰµӡ΢΢Ľë峺ӣҶ治ɵӿ˼֣Ϲʹŵ֫оһһħ䣬ϳǣ𽥿ʼ
Ҷ֣űߺ죬¹ײϸӬ˦ҶֵĴ֣תҿ
ԲҸղšһӷӦҶ棬ʱоһ
ǰȴͻȻסͣߵ˵ղҺϲ
⻰һ˵Ҷʱһ˵ָо
տʼܿ죬վͱڰĻȡ
룬ĹȫЩĵ̦޺ʧֻʣֲָĺڡŴ߶۳һֻ˽ȥ
ֻ׳ɫһ뿪ģʱĳһȦǰš
Ȼ߲ºڰҪѰҾɳȴȫϸϵĻ״ȥҶȡؽҪӶ¿ʯųͻȻ׽һ΢֮Ϣ
ԣл˳ȥ鼱֮£Ҷ漱æһὣһŰžͳ·˳ȥһֱص֮ǰǴǴ±ڣͣ
һͷˮİţʱʵҶ֣㷢ʲôѽųѵǸ棿ղҲųԼϸһȦһûɵһΣֻһЩݺύҶûʲô޻ڡ
һɷǳ΢Ҳ֪ʲôܿ϶ⶴжҶն˵ţעؽУʱ׼ս롣
ϧ˵˰죬ûκζŲȻʧЦ٩Ҷѽҿһҧʮ¾ɡʲôѽĪӦ˰ɣ
ᣡ϶жٽȥȻûӦò̫ҶԼֱղȷʵӦһ΢ڶĳݷʲô
Ǻðɣȥ֪ˡЦЦٴγŶڷȥҶЩŹˣôÿɽﶼи氡ǰ˳ʪĵطʺϳһЩˮʲôġ
ٴɽٴͷųֻ񣬽ɽյʮҶСǰŸӦеǹϸ΢ȥʱһ֦éݹɵľ޴񳲳ߵУ氲ֵľ޵
һԲ沼˸֦ܲһĻҰɫ·ÿһԴС֮ǰӦ΢Ǵ⵰ɢġϸӦû취и޴񳲴ڡ
˵ûأǲ֪ʲôޡźһ̽ȥȴȻ⵰ǾȻиã浽ʲôޣּŸʯһ㡣
ҶҲһ˵࣬ͻȻЦ˵һΪʲôŹأԭ񵰣˵޵д˺д̲ҪһһųԵΣ
ʱҶڷֻ֪ʲô޵ĵ˵ûκвֻҪЩµĹֳӾͺá
ðɣҪǰΣҪѱһ£Ӧǲء˪ѱͷ׶ޣžĽѣҲŪһͷƯޣԼѺͰֻ֣ϧʵ̫ѵá
Ҷ룬ҲǸİ취ֻе࣬üͷ˵ֻ޵ܲܶɣյǵкܴ洦ġ
һʱڣҶܴһαɭŲס඼ܵ˼ѹֱԼĽ˵ٺشǲ׽׶ޣҲ˲ƣһö޵𵽲Сá
Ҷ룬Щĵ˵׹ȰѵŻȥɣȻ޵һĳֻ޵ĳѨûоɳȻ޶ⶴɾ鷳ˡ⵰ĴСǸĸʵ̫
ҲԣҾɳžҶ˵еԼ˼ҵĳѨһͷ޻һᷢ͵Ĺһȷʵ
ĴɨһȦҶؽڵһ͹𴦣һʯһ£о֮ǰŸǿʯͷûʲô𣬱ݸʵ㿴Ǿɳûֲϣ̫
ǣͨľʯȻҲõõȾɳԶءֽʯӵһߣڶﵽ̽
ЩĵҡҡͷҶֻҪǸղǿʯϿڲģֶһߣϧһӺȻûҵνľɳ
Ҷ֣оɳ
Ҷʧ֮ʣͻȻűϲĽкһæ˹ȥְŴʱһʯˮ̶ԣһ鲻ƺȡԼĪһСʯ壬ЦŶ֡
ǾɳҶϲؽӹ鲻״ʯ壬ϸ˿
ʯǸմӵģһ໹ԵĶϲ磬ʯʺڻɫֲŴɫ壬ȥĥʯһ㣬ǳֲڡ
һΪɳһɳأû뵽Ȼӵģٺ١ҵɳҶãæϿȥˮ̶Եһʯ壬ʱҲһʼؽӣѾɳһ˳


ʮһ ۷֮· 238 ֲ
ˮ̶ҲյҶʶѡûöñһȦɳȫ˳ΧѰңȴûطУֻ֡
аһ£ռָеľɳӦ㹻һٱˣҶվֱֱ壬ĵĸп⾧ɳңôһɽˮ̶ôһ㡣
ǵȻҪǰ׼ҿ϶ֲϵģΪʵ̫ϡȱԲмѽóŴʱҲǳֵľɳҶ࣬ռ˺һжʮ飬㹻ȡܶ൤ҩˡ
ţҲϰɣͷ޻ûÿ뿪˵ҶǸ޴ȥһ޵𣬷ŽԼռָڡ
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Ҷոȡһö޵Ҫ򶴿ȥ֮ʣͻȻһǿ󵽼ĿֲϢӶӿ룬ëըæתųȥһץסֱȥ
⡭ؾޣţǴ鷳ˣղŻȥþ޵İţ˿̱ŵɫ԰ף˵ЩĿİͰ͵ġӦһ޵ϢҲȥþ޵ͷֻŸҶڶڵҴܡ
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˸㴫һ֮ӥ̵˶۲ѣҶ֪޲һҷĴڡ
䣡
ͻȻʼҡ޴ˮɽ룬ʼ࣬ʱҶµˮѾϥһڲС
ϢһҶ漱æŴͬʱԼϢ䣬һֹͣ⵰ĴСͷҲţ󣬶ɽԽԽСʱ˶صĵطֻͨ˵ܽӹһ١
ϧ˶Էʵʱһֻ˶ľ޵ͷŭ𣬼ӲצӺͳ򣬽ɽʯȫɨϣҶͰŶصķȥϷһ߿֮ƱҪ͵Сɱ
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ղ˻ڻþɳϲõУû뵽תۼƾͷתһͷʵ˼ޣȻǶ˶ڡ
һʱҶҲǵĲѣͷ޻ûʲôӣǿֲѹѾжѣҪǳĻԼ˿϶ᱻɱڸղŲӦȥǸ޵ûжʧĻͷ޿϶ᷢôŭ
ʱȻã޵񲻶Ͻǰʯץ飬ֱֱҶĵطȥǼӲʯǰǶ㲻һӶצӣܹһʯץķ飬ʵҪҶ˸̫߳࣬Ҷ漴ʹϢȻӲ
ˮӿ룬޵·һ㣬ֻǺƬᣬĴΧұڣˮĳĹʩΪұڲѿ䣬ˮȥ
ܸӦǵλãǲöˣǰߣ޵ĲϳҶ淢˶ԷһֱԼ֪Լһֱ㼱æţȥ
ڵӿݣͷʱʱдʯ·Ҷ治òȡؽ·ϰȫһٶȴ۵öࡣɽ֪ͨδʱʱֲ·һʱ䷳겻ѡ
Ҷ֣˵ӵõ𣿡ϣŽҶϣֻܸоһ㡣
ֻϵ·ʪ͸͹µĽҶһ־Υĳ嶯ʱȻЩ߰ʱһǣŰŵС֣һֻӶؽ·ͷοİɣﲻǶ⣬;޴󣬿϶ûǿ϶ӳȥģ˷ѵʱˡ
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ΣҶҲǽ֮ϧûɽĴܣµʯһ·ǽһ㣬ǰ
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ҶѾ֮ʣͻȻһգԭӵٿȻ׹ȥŰѰŶ
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˵ˮǱȥȷʵ˷飬ֻĿֲʵźܹܿ뵽ղһ£ȴҶһ˼ԼҲеϲϰˡ
ˮ·ǺͨʱʱҪὣЩ·ʯѰң˳ˮһ޴ĶУ֮ǰжˣӦҶ淢Ǿ޴ĺУԭͨĺͨġ


ʮһ ۷֮· 239 һʯ
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棬Ҷһʿͷ˿Զٲɫǵ˵׹ֻʵ̫ǿò˶ñ׷뿪㣡
Ҷ֣ζˡҪ㣬ҿ϶Ҫɽˡɫ԰׵ЦЦĸмҶ档ղֻʵɲѾˣʱܹӳһֽٺ˸С
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˵ŽռָкеǰռжϵЩʵǿĴڣȴƾѪԵϵ깵ͨ׽Լ˵Ĵλá
ϸ룬Ҷ滹Ǿ޵ȻԼ鷳ô˵ҲֻǳǿޣԺ˵ܳΪԼһԺʲô̫ߵĵˣӦҲһս֮
Ҷ֣Ȼذ׵ǰɣôԶľ룬Ӧǵġתͷɫ粻Ҷ棬Ĳ²ʲô񾧺ɳѾѰѵʲôδ˵£
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ҶʶУǧõٴһ֣ܿ沿ˣ˼һ˵ڵΪȡѪľȽЩ帯Ѫľ͵ɡǶѨи̫࣬²ֹһѪľɾꡣŮԪ֮ʱóĻ¶ȴﲻղЩ氡
ҪôУҶЩʧЩԦڵĵӲڣѪľȡǧ˼
Ҷ滹ڿ˼֮ʱͻȻǧһҶԺը죺ãֻؾ׷ˣСôǵֲֿĶ
æͷһҶ淢һ޴ɫӰٽӽ˲˹ȵףϽ԰˵׹ֻ׷ˣǿ˵ʼǧ˽ѰҾɳ
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ΣȻӲӣŵֽ䣬ֻҪӽУ谭ĹҪֻݱƴٶȣѰ·
ĺ磬ҶǺ죬ŰŶ·ֵУΪͽ񱼵ķʽʼпǰȥ
ųĿֲϢ·ĸŵķ׷׶ԼѨûʲô޳Ҷ鷳ҶĻ֮ʱǧͻȻҶʶзԸСӣȡص䣬صһ£
֪Ҷ澹ȻĳѨѰҲϣҵȡһöĵֱǧ²ãⲻϵôֶݵĵ͵ǳţ»
ȻǧʱûǿߵʵȴѾصǸʶ绯Ϊһ壬ܹʱһȻĻҶܿӲ׷ɱˣΪϰΪ
ǧһֻؾֻǵ֮ʱҲڸָնɱˣӽգȻҲûѰıҪ
ָ߽ݼΪǳ𣬶ҸӦʮֳڣǵֲֿĴڣ˲ڵ򣬲ȻֻһǵʮؾӳûãΪ˲ֺ
¶ڿеص䣬ٿȻɢһĿֲϢҡֱյλɢȥͷˮԪͱϵŵ˲ԶǧɣĿ⾯޵Ķ·֣ѡ
޶ΣĸӦҪǿֻ̫࣬ǴСǿʳɱû¸ͻ˼졣ֻܴﵽ񵽾ؾѾ˲꣬·ͻȻɿֲϢɪɪе
ˣҶص䣬˷̧ܵͷգɿֲϢģû̫ǿҵĸоֻǶеصļ£·õĲһ飬ʲôһ㡣
ѽû뿪˼ɫ΢һЩֻȻž֮ɫֻʵֲ̫ˣͷųıڵըѣһƬֶѵأһ޷ĴܸС
Ӧòˣ߰ɣȥһǸиɽҪȥȡ㶫صǧı֤Ҷ΢һЩڲΪˣȻֻ׷ţжʱһһʯ֮ơ
ҶȻҪȥǸֲɽŲŵĿʵҶ֣ˣǸҪ
ʱԦڵʱĲ״ٴθ˰ŵԺ֪侹Ȼ˿µĳӣҶ˴㣬ֱǲԼˡ
ᣬȻҸҽȥȻзִģĺˡҶһЦ֮ǰҪȡѪľôһֻʵǿնųɹɡ
ǡǡȻҶֳһгӣŸʲô취ԸЩ棬ǲǱֻɵˣ
ղҶȡصʱ򣬰ž;ҶЩ̫ȻⱾɢǿϢΪҶ϶ʲôԼʱⱾʱҲڳģȴûʲô쳣
ҶѾƵģȻⱾ˵Ҫǿµɽһʱðžǲʲô鷢ҶϣЩʧ
·쵽İĿ⣬ҶͷһЦο׹ҼȻҽȥ϶зܿЩģ㿴ֻõļ޻Ŀ𣿡
ĿǰӣͻȻЩʲôֻɵôߣԼ˲ҪôѵҪһѣøȥԸֻ


ʮһ ۷֮· 240 ȡѪľ
˼ƻðųԾѣæ׷ʵҶ֣ʵ̫ˣһǾ޴ĳܰѸɢǲҪ˫ΣҾ̫ðգİ취ɣҪǼӦǣ
˵ȡѶ׼崫ϢҶȴ߹ס۾ʵ׹ѵ㲻ңҿ˵ʲôûģ
Ҷ㡭ϸһ´ӵһڣ֮⣬Ҷ˵ĻȫˣҲΪʲô߻еĵԭ֮һķӡ򿪵ġ
һʱЩҡѵа취øϧôʵ̫ȫҪǳʲô⣬ڶˣǿؾޣһȺ޷þĿֲ氡
ĿԣһΰɣҶ水סųдѶֻ֣Ŀ۾·һħҪǰŮһ㡣
˶ſŶʱɫЩߺ죬תȥ˵ðɣȻҪ裬ҾһΣ±ӿ϶Źģ
ʱѾ⣬絽ʱΣգƴҲҪҶȳ
϶ģİɣҶǺһЦȳżеķλȥͬʱЩ˷ܣѾõҪٻѪľ͸棬ټļöףʵȻܹһأ
žԺؾĸ֣㲻ӦҲԱ֮еĵԽ࣬ҶҲ˲٣ǰؾľɭŶҪԺͲҪˡ
˿ɽȥż֦һ㣬͵ǰȥͷֻʼյͷǧɴ˵λáǹɿֲϢ̫ǿʢʱѽɱ飡
СӣҪŲסˣҪ㰡
ʶдǧĴߴҶһûϵɽϮĻļƻɾҪȫˣæǰ鷳΢ٳһϾ͵طˣ
Եİ˵ҪӿٶˣⱾŲ˶ʱ䣬Ҫǲܾϵ⣡
Ȼ֪ҶôģŻ˳ӵĵ˵ͷæ߶ԼʼзٴһſŲľҶɽȥ
ʱ֮ǸиɽѾҶ治ʮԶصɢϢҲԽԽͷֻԽԽ棬ѾʼڵͿ޲ϱӡ
Ҷ֣ǰ͵ˣ㵽мɰѽۼɽѾߣŲĵѯʵʼվ̫գͬʱԼ
ɣֻϵĻʱıͣҶЩʼ䵱ɽеΡ
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ɽڣҶ԰˵Һ棬ӵʱͿܣЩɵúܿ죡
˵ͷҶͷһϻڵͿЦһż䵱иľۼسȥ߬һŻƽףԶԶǴԵͰĻɫľȥȻæ԰źȵӣ
ͻȻֵѪľеһЩ棬ǴһСٳҶͰ׷ȥʳȻŹ
ۼ˶ڣҶæϵǿŻƽף˲޴˽ͰƷڵأһţڿն𣬳ɽб󷽷ȥͬʱȡǿԼͷϡ
еһԼĵʱһİҲ˲ǹɿֲϢ˲䳯·Ҷ潫ͷͷų˵Լĺӣ֮°ϣ
ͬʱеĸ涼Ǿ޴ıը˾ѣ׷״ɽз˳ӭײ˸棬ΪصĵˣһѷӿȥҪ˺ѡ
ֻ޴磬Щ΢С޷˫һʱ뽩֣ŸĸɽڷɳеĪѹܲ˵ķҪ˦Щеļµɺɫ档
ҶͰϢɽڶ˵һʯ󣬾ӦſеĴսмֻԴĸѾβڷ˺ҧƬԽԽĸ棬Ҳڷֿſ塣
治ϵٮٮߣƾž޴ĿˮֵƣԽԽĸʱѾ˲ҶеĵˣͣĴųߴȥ
׹Եһ£ϾͻҶ鼤һ䣬ٴӾʯ˳Ŷڳȥʱʱ̫ڽţЩҪĸʱпܻץÿһʱ䡣
²űըʯҶ첽ҷ߱ȥһԴһ˶ߡСȴϸĳɫľӦþǧ˵Ѫľǲ߶ʮһȡؽһŸȥ
ѪľҪ̫࣬ΪЩҪѪģˣоѪ޼¡һſ֮󣬱͸ȥӦкܶƺɫĴڣӦǸѣ
´ϲæѪľԼĿռָȻɱȥŴʱЩѾҪֳʤˣϾ̫Сִ󣬶ֲʹûԪ֮Ӧ
ɽڸԦڵӵʬѾãҶõϵһѽϷ˷ֻҵһشùԦ޻ϿռĶ˵ҲҲˡ
ɽҶ淢սȻͬԼֻʱУɺɫС棬ԭɫƬһֹɫʣֻڵϲţȴʼ޷˦档
ԽԽĸڣԲȥźܿͿԽˣҶٻصɽб󷽵ľʯűԶȥ
Ҷ֣õЩֵסϵˡȻʱкҪҶðôΣգ׽ȥʲôѵԦڵϵģϧ֪ʱ˶ʣûἰ
ͷһãİţҶ˷ܵ˵õˣҸط㣬Щȥٸ㣡
ҶöҲûʲôģԺҲֱ֪ӸԼнġ


ʮһ ۷֮· 241 Ѫ֮
һᲱ£Ҷ澲˿Ҷĵϣ̽ռָеѪľڣѪľһֵѪζһ׵СĲλһſɺɫ壬΢΢ɢų΢Ϣ
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Ҷ˷ܵһſųѣǧţϧǧڵʵܿһǧž㲻ˣҪǧֻƣҲҪﵽؾϡ
Ҷ沢̰ģܹһǧֻ棬˵Ѿ㹻ˡղֻؾһȺɥԺֻҪԪ֮ǿߣøƵС
ǿڿռָеһǣҲ֪Ҫòܹ֪޵Ҫܴﵽؾʵͨ޶ٶܶ࣬Ҫǧʱ㹻޳ɳ
Ҷ治£ʵԪҲԽԽһԴﵽʮ۷壡
Ҷ֣ЩȥˣŶҶԱߣһֱЩĶʱֻؾѾʧȥϢ곹ױЩһգֻһӴʬ塣
ţǹȥڵȡ˰ɣҲ˷ѡ˽ȻҶԤ֮УЩǷǳԾŶ̶̲һʱ䣬һֻؾ޾ͱ꣬¶κ˵جΰĴڣ
ɽǰɴּſһֻ޴ݣ𣬿κ쳣Ϣȫޣ˸оʮֹ졣
Ҷȡؽ˺ôŽλͷ­ڵȡ˳˿ʬЩϲ˵ۼ׿湻Ӳģ˻ôԻƣǰƤһһڼ
ôѿĶҿɲԼŰɣѪܵĻ棬żæüͷתȥȻҲɱޣƤȡЩ׼ҵģԶ֡
׹ؾϵۼףɻڼ׿϶ܵٹģ㵱治ҪҶЦŽۼڲ뿪ĽϵĶڵʱ飬Ѿֲˡ
ϸ룬ű˵ҪһɣӦûܿȻŮӶû˿ˣͷķȷʵܾˣؾ޲ϷǳѵãջǸı⡣
ȡۼ׺ڵ˱ڿն׼ذ׵ǡҶѾõ˾ɳƽĲϾͻٽٱаľû䡣ֻҪҵٽٱаľԿʼƽ
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ľ׻֮󣬻ᷢһϵʱ䣬ܳˮСȻγɵıаľΪʹҲһҵһ顣ٽٱаľȴҪͬһаٴΣѶȾڴ롣
Ҷ֪ٽٱаľʮѰʱҲûʲôð취Ȼܹʹ׵֮ȴ޷Ȼ׵磬ʹΪİٽٱаľЧ϶ۿ۵ģֻеȴ˳ⶫ
ǿһʱ֮Ҳ֪ҪòСҶֻˡˮ֣޾ڴ󲿷ֹֻҪһǧֻȻԳΪĿǰɱﵡ
׵ǰ׼ңҶصСԺУĲø֮ǰûʲôŻôྦྷɳѾһȥһҩͲϣȥԺȥˡ
䵱УҶΧһЩ򵥽ƣ㽫Ѫľȡ˳
ǧ˵ҪЩ棬ԼľѪѪľѪľеĿ϶ӶѪľӵϢЩѻľѪƿǶǧڸĿЩ档
ΪѪܹ֮ԼľѪΪ֮ںϣ̶Ѫϵϵ˵ͦףҶֲЩӴޣҪѪľʹϵоѪһ
ؽҶǿʹʼԼڵѪһεѪľϣѪһϣϿͨЩС˽ȥɢһɴ̱ǵζ
ڴϸѪľҶﲻЩţĿɲˮҪöҪһµʱ䣬ڼ仹÷´ѪĵҩУµԺÿ춼ҪιʳЩֲ棡
ȵĿʼжҶŷµжôѵԺÿ춼ҪԵҩιʳЩСһԼǳһҩˣҶ뵽ǧ嶼ûУ̸ѪˣôƸģ
뵽Ҷ漱æ̽ռָʼǧһӰԺɻʵǰѪľĴҲ̫˵ɣҪȫþѪǲ̫һ㣿
ûǵԶһЩѪĵҩĵرʲôΪĿǰҲֻˡǧ룬Щε˵ط󲿷ֶǻΪԵģҶֻؾʵûʲôð취
Ѿ뵽ˣֻһ£ʱôƸģǧĴ𰸣ҶЩЦãѾ뵽õҩˡ
ǧĺǺһЦ˵СΪȻҲһȥٿǣڵΪԶأѪ֮ҲǲѶΪ֮ȼһӣȫ͸ѪľͺˣԺҪѪҲȼ١Ҫٿĳ࣬ҪһЩ۵ģ
Ҷϸһ룬ҲȷʵôΪߣҪô̬Ŀֲа棬϶ǧô򵥣Щ۵ҲпԭЩͷɥ˵ллǰָ㣬֪ôˡ
ţȰһ䣬СûǰҪϰɡЩжǿվΪﵽؾϣᷢЩɲ϶óΪǸεߣѾкֶܶӦԸֹˣ
գҶ˵ͷҲȰģֻЩǿʵ̫Щ׼ֶΣ¸û߾磬̸ֺʲôؾ֮أ
ˣöҲͬʹѪ֮Ϊĵ֣һɾҪЩҩˣǺǺǡǧЦŵ٩һ䣬Ҷʶʧ
ǰɣҶʱ飬ֱҪץˣһѪľ㣬Ҫôһӿ鷳ˣһµĲѪҩҲһЧֶʮҪĸһҲֻȥˡ
εҡҡͷҶЦųСԺȥҺڻһʳ룬ȥǻȡѪҩȻҪɸʬˡˣʱҲʮֲˬ뵽ǧʧǰЦҪ˵ĳ嶯


ʮһ ۷֮· 242 ǿߣ
Ҷ׼ǰǹһЩҩǰҶӦһ°ŵϢѾ״̬ûǰȥǵķλѾ֪һ򱱷ȥ
һ·Щ䣬ֳʱѪȻľһӰ죬ɾҲ˵Ϊ˻һֻЩ棬ҲֻűˣΪٴͨȥġ
֮Ҷſڣһ·ڵľ¥ȥȻһֽ֮ʱͻȻһϤӰǸһСذпǳֵͷ׼ҵûܳɹ
˼ңּˣ⻹𣿡Ҷǰбڱǽϵͷ΢Цʺһ䣬ͷһֱܺ棬һΪտֶΣȴƫҪֽϷϣһڳһӣѵڵʲôˣʲôĿģ
ҶʺûлͷһӣҶҡҡͷתҪ뿪ʱͻȻ˵СһĲŵ˾ɳζһֹŹֵѪζţʲô
ҶȻһǰѾɳŽռָˣͷô֪ģѪζĪָѪľ˫΢΢һУɫЩʵ˼ңǲŴˣϿûɳ
Ȼϱֳһ򶨵ӣҶʱ鲢ƽܹӱ˴ռ֪ŵĲϣʲôֶΣû˵
ͬʱǧӰٿȻҶԺУٴе˵Сô鷳ˣǡӦҶǰߣͻȻȻû뵽û
ǧʧ̬ĻҶ治Щɻˣѵ˻ʲôͷɣҪʣǰͷȴͻȻ˫ۣͬʵʵէ֣һգգĶҶϵĿռָ
û뵽ϹȻûͷһȻЦǲɣ͸пҶֱ졣
˼ңǡҶ𾪵Ŀһʱ䲻֪ʲôռָصͻȻԼ˳ϣͬʱ洫һ΢Ĳǰͷ
϶㶼ûôǧû˰ɣû뵽ҲһֻϧʱǨһжˣ
ǧδرҶ棬ҲԳƱˣҶӡлǵһΡɲǼ䣬쵽һ֮Ϣͷ棬е˶⡣
ٺ٣Ϲôֻû뵽㾹Ȼ쵽ֵزⱲӶ˰ɣͷٺһЦ˿Ҷ棬ʵСһĵմӣʵǲΪ˵
ǣĴߣѵûо
ͷһһͨǵĽ̸Ҷ֪ԼϴκͰ߾ȻǧĹʽͬʱҲһһǿߣֲ԰׼ҵۣΪֵزҲûʲô˰ɣ
ͬһͷҶеԵ𾪣ǰһֱͷǸʦȴȫû뵽ΪȻߵֵزһǧһҲǧǰ־޴УҶ滳ԼǲΣΪʲôЩ۷弶ĳǿ߶Լˣ
ͷжԪ֮ǧǰΪһʦȴͻȻʧӰ٣ӴҲû˼
ǧǸؾΪ֣жǳЩֶΣǴжѧģֻķ֮ϣѧĶ㣬ѧһЩǲ١
ǰû뵽ǰȻʶϴε飬ǱǸʱҲ֪ȻһǿߡⷬҶ淢Էθһǿߣû뵽ȻԼˣһǧͬʱĹʽ
ûϵжνİ˰֣˵ʱֻǾСһﻹûΪû뵽㾹ȻǼһĴߣۻ軨ˡôȤҪѧҿԽ㣬Ҳ񴫳ߵʦˣ
ģлǰˣҶ´ϲòҪǧͶˣԸϺУȻ֮ǰֳһ²ĵӣȴøС
ţСһﲻһμʱͺܶϷθڣԺʲôϷɣһҶжЦԶελȥ˵񱻼СˣǵʱҪСĵ㣡
ʲôҶһݣ˳жĿȥȴʲôûзȴ˵Լ˶ˣʲôѵϴ̧۵Ǹһﻹûģ
һ۵СƹУһ¶һϮеˣԺСƣȴһöѶС˵ϴϴǸ۳ĵСֳˣĿǰҵļУʲôʱ֣
õģ֪ˡµĽѶ𣬽ͷϵĶұԵСƣ
ϧʱҶ֪ԼѾϣжҲû˵ֻ㬵ļվһߣɡ
ûж˵ĻϣԼл֣жƤӵ£ʲô˵鷳ӦûġͻȻԼȱİٽٱаľʵǰ֪ҵٽٱаľһˮԪ֮ϵʹõĽ󣬵Ͳֲʵ̫Ѱ
СһǲСƾڵΪҲͬʱ߱Ӳ˶ٵģ̸жҲŭЦǺǵ˵ҪʹýֶּΣûؾϣȻߵĺܣ֪𣿡
ٽٱаľУγ̫Ϊ̣ȻľʲôϡҪͬһľϰٴΣǿɾ̫ˣְ취õȰٽٱаľΪϧĲϣ
ж̯λһ첲̣ȴϸĲۺľͷҶ棬˵Ǳĳϼľڵ֮£϶׽֮Ч϶ȰٽٱаľãϹղ˵ˣ
˵㱻޼ڵ׷ɱǧͷĺȵҶѾõ˲ϣ˵ҶСӣ⼸ǹɣҸ϶ɣ֮ٹȥɣ
䣬һɴҶƳ˽ڷΧѺ޷ƵڵأɧʲôɰЩ¶ôһϡأ
ʱҶѾ֪ҪжȻƭ⼸ҲûǣȰѽҪĲѪҩ˵鲻۵ĺľͷҲͦģľͷּʯһ㣬Ҫ̳ҲȽϷ£һҪϺõĿ̵ҪܰжǰذҪͺˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 243 Ѫ
ǰ׼ڣҶһŹ̨ǰйţҪһЩԼϵĵҩ͸ϡĸĵرȷܶ࣬鱦ķֻۣҪ㹻ĳ룬ԻκҪĶ
һİ׼ŮӸҶЦݵΪÿһҩرľ幦ЧٳٲҶκƷҪдˣƲƲת뿪ˣҶֻǸûʲôҵףֻͼ۽Сӡ
ȻһЦҶ沢ûиһʶĿֻЩѪĵҩûĴ㣬Ȼﻹвٳ룬ҪĲϡ
ţȻ鵤
Ҷ濴ŻϵһɫСƿشʮţĿ»ϵļ۸û뵽һƿȻҪʮ룡Сֹô󣿻û뵽ء
̨ŰƲСӣЦŴҶһۣʵλСֵܣʲôƷӦоУӲͬ޲ڵҩ鱦ȸ߽׷ֻҪ˵ó
ٽٱаľ𣿡û˵꣬Ҷһ仰ĻЩҶʱҪҲƪ۵Ľܡ
ٽٱаľǰɣʱûУȥʣǰ׼ںܶ϶иˣרϡȱϣСֵȵȼ죬ô
ҶǺһЦͲµûУ˸õƷ㲻Ҫٽٱаľˣֱ˵˵ЩѪĵҩЧԽǿԽã𣿡
Ҷнڳ룬ǲۻֻҪܿٻָѪ¼۸򡣷һʲôΣգΪѪ̫¾䣬ЩòʧˣʱЩó
ѪĵҩգҸ㿴ЧáƲзС۾ʼһѶʢŵҩƿȥͻȻϲ˵ˣ
ӻһɫƿ˵ǲԪÿһǿ塢һƿ׳أôҿСֵܼⲹѪĵҩǲǰ¶Щİ
ҲСӣһҶ棬³ʲô֮Ƶģ˵иȷ֣Ϊǵ˵Ҳûʲô˼ģɣƿԪۿۣǧߣ
ɫתҶ棬ûȥǵݹƿ˵ֲֻĶָܻԪĵҩõʲô
⡭˼Сֵܣˣȱŭȥңȥٺ١ƲڨڨһЦתڻϷ
˵νᣬҶЩЦãڷҵҩʱͻȻһ˿޵ɱһš
ţ
ܿôˣ
Ҷ治üͷ΢治ɫļ˲Ϸһƿƿҩղ˿ɱһɨûͣȴ֪ж˵֮ˣΪڰ׵ϲûгˣ˵˭ɱֻһˣĢ́۵Ǹˡ
Ҷ濪ʼķųɨһȦһȫںڣͷϴŸҵΪɣ˲٣ֻһԵصģԸĿʾˡ
΢΢̽һ¶ԷΪҶ淢ֲؾѣѾﵽؾټౣֶΣ˲Ϊ壬ֻǲ֪û֣̫࣬ʵ̫ǿ˵ֻٴζûƽˡ
жҶͷǺ죬ϽҲżѣ˵ǧĹʽʶ˼ҰԼĺáϽ˵鷳Ҳ١
ҵˣٺ١Ʋת߰ƿҩȡһҶ˵ѪһܹڰڻָһѪؾڵ͡
̫ˣûлָģûȰƲӽ꣬ҶʹĻ²ָܻһѪֵҩ˵ûʲôôҪѪľõȰʱ䣿Ҳ̫ˡ
ѪУƲӵ´Ҷһ˺ǰӦûʵҲǺܸߣóһƿͨѪҩ
Ҷ治⣬ЦǺǵ˵ѳݻڵʮָܻһѪѪ죬۸ҲҪһЩͦá
üͷҶЩʧʵ֣ǾûеָܻѪĵҩǰ׼ҿô᳡õĵҩòɣ㲻ҪЩͨҩˣֱõİɣ
ѪľһʼѪͱÿ첹ѪЩ¡ʮָܻѪĵҩҶòϣȻûѪɹԼһѪóˡ
õģУȻаƲӼҶ˴ĿԴһ£ΪҶֻؾΪӦûжٳ룬ʹóƷҩҲ
СһſھҪõģʱ˸ƵģЦóһƿؾ۷ޣڵһѪƳѪֻҪûһţܵڶҩʮְԵǼ۸ҲͬܰСֵȷҪ𣿡
ڶָܻҶϲҵľ֣㵱ȡһϾʵҪˣжٿţܹٳ룿
࣬ƿһʮţÿʮ룬ȥͷˣҶѵϾ룬ƲһֻӾһը䣬ˮˣҪʴ׬١
ҶһЩ࣬û뵽۸ȻģΪսѪľѪɹֻʹʮöϡ
ҩúඣۻ壡Ʋϸ룬һѸӦԪһЦ˵ٺٺ٣Сֵܳ湻£Ժֻ벻ģûҲģ
ƽĵ˵ͷҶ潫ҩսռָУڸղȡЩϾһ̣ԶѡǸˣ΢ɲͷųɨ˹Ҷ쵽˻ȥ
ߣȻҪңֺα͵͵Ҷ治м˵һ仰ȥ
ʱĿѾﵽʮѪ㹻һˣʱѪľܹѪɹԺԾѪҲήͣҩҲ١
Ҷߺ󣬴ĺ˿ղҶǾ仰Ƕ˵ģʵһԼû־ͱԷ֣һ͵ϮֶεӶ˵ʧܡ
ÿУһЩԸݶ֮ǲԸȥɱ޻ȡ裬רſɱάԼͨһͨõ֣ǾӶߣˣڽһȽϴӶ̣֯


ʮһ ۷֮· 244 ̣
׵ΧʮҲͷܶڶǵߣ׼Ҹһӣ˵ϳһģϱʮ˹ʵ־Ȼģ
궼ѵһ
ϧձ׼ȥʵû취֣շĵĴ㡣ܳˣ϶öһϼƣ㽫±졣
󶾴̵Ǽأ뿴۳֮˻᲻ٴγ֡
Ҷòܶ˶ǵһ׵еּҵϵ̧ۣǱ֪ʲôֵĹ飬һȻѴɵ׵ǵʮ˺ܿ͵õҶĻ񣬲¡
ҶһǣͱǸڳŸ˸ˣͬʱʼϵڸźҪֵ֮ˣ֮ǰҶж̯λԵʱ򣬾ڸҡҶ£һӾĵҩʱʱ϶ϺöȻ٣ǾȻҶ淢ˣ
˹Īĸ֪һҶߺæȡѶʼи˽ղŷһĻϴСӹȻлʵ̫ҲŸճԱ߾ͱˣһô죿
ϴ˵˼䣬˵۾ԽԽ
ǣϴӢ
һѶ»ָŵЦݣϴӶ࣬ôⶼóڴƬ̣æȥ׷ӦҶλá
ʱҶڽй䣬ҩѾ򵽣ջȥͿֿʼѪ֮ҲȱһѳֵĿ̵ǿϼľʵ̫ӲȻؽֳ֮ܽɼݣҪ̳ϵķľû취ˣΪؽ̫󣬸ʺϸµĻ
ܴﵽؽȵĿ̵ָأ
ղڰ׼᳡һȦҲûп̵֮ķ֡һʱ䣬Ҷ汻΢С¶ѵˣѲҪȥͷæ̷ģ
ͷۣ
֮£Ҷֻж̯λȥʵҲ˭ôƫŵĶȥȥͷæȥ
ԶԶȥжȻǽϣֻûб˯ЦǺǵʲôԷһӵĴ飬˵˷ܴļķ档˹һĻȻܶ·˵Ŀ⡣
жûаԪȫͨһ·ϵ˻Ϊ߻ħʧʧмƵĻͣ½Ųǰ̯λ϶ʯһСƿҩʲôģʩؤһ㡣
ǿǳֲҲôİɣ˾Ҷ治ŵͣ뵽ʱͰ·ʱ̯λϰڵЩͨɫһ񺮣ѵԼǮ˿ʩĲϣ
ǰҶ濴˿ڸǧɵͷЦŵ٩ǰϴҵǿǳ֣Ҳôô˵ָָ̯λЩ߰ĶϷʵζ
СһĪⲻɣҪһǳ֣͸һ·ؤ𣿡жԼԣʾҶ£˵ôҪĶˣȻ٩ϷѾʮ㶢֪֪
ʮҶ汻˵һ㶣ɫĿ˿Աߣջûȥ̯λʵôôࣿղҾһ
ղǸѾȷҪԸɣҶȴû뵽ˣֻһؾĺˣϣʮһϵĻǾЩ鷳ˣɱﵣҲʮֵΧɱʹó
ô㲻ŰϳǰǸջﻹ߸һǱߣжָָϱһҿջ˵Щ̵СһѾ˼ˣϷ򻹺ʲôû뵽ڵСӣǲϹռĲϸˣ
ǡһġʱҶѾ޷侲ˣû뵽ͷȻڵһһľӦУʱΪֻǸƢͨأ뵽Ͱ˴Σԭί˳
жҶһۣû˵СһҲ湻ģ֪ʲôĲôȻҲҺóһʬͷʱԼôĶ֪
ȻͷѵҶһ٣˿ûԼʱ̫ڲʣһԵص˵ԲǰʱļõĵĲϣӽָһ۵ʯͷˣʵû뵽ô󡭡
òˣ˾˰ɣԺɲҪóʾ˰ȻԻɱ֪֮ƥصɢһֱҶԺ
жԵĿյأһƨ˹ȥƤЦ˵ʦɵðҰһû취ԸôˣҪ㲻ңҿɾͽˡ
ʦϷɲҵϷϹֲʦֵܣ㻹æȥɣжķ˷ۣתȥص䣬ʵϹҪСøôһȱͽܡ
ø㣿϶Ǵĺ̰ĴҲգǲǻҪӴϱһΪʦĴȥɣҶСѾѧ˱ٶҲ㱾ˣͽܣԼȥҰɣ
٣ϹϷҪͽܣ򶼵ַ죬Ӱ׵ɵȥ㵱˭ϡСһﰡжЦõķʵСһͲϷΪʦ𣿡
룬ѾʦˡȻҵʦΪߡǣȴڵһСҲ塣Ҷ˵Ȼֻ뿪ôãҲ֪ǹôˣңѾӦǰҪȳˣ²ܰǰΪʦˡ
Ǿ͵Ϸû˵ɡˣܻһʲô¶ɣҶĲɵӣʱµСһ϶Ȼ顣
ǧ˺üǧϽѶĴĦ¯ĵزֻһ֪ʲô
Լ±µҶܻĵ˵ͷ˵ǰģҵǿϼľ̳߰ѽķƣҲ㹻Ŀ̵ܲܰǱذ׽ã
ˣҵʲô¶أȥɣϷŪ˾СжĴӻͣǰѵʱҶϵСذף͵˹͵СûµʱƳģ˿ʯ֮⣬ûʲôôͽðɡ
֣صĽӹҶ潫֮ʣһͨСذףæллǰֻҪҲذ׾ͲŪͬʱжͷĺøһ֣˵ǽ裬ʵͲ࣬ʵΪЩʲôˡ
ʱͻȻʮ˿ʼڸ߶ÿ˵ĿⶼʱʱҶжڵλÿһۣһȳԶ˵ӡǸжΪֻǸǵͨͷ


ʮһ ۷֮· 245 Լս⣡
ʹûͷҶҲ֪ԼʱѾΧˣﲢ£Ȥ뿴Щ˵׸Ҳжǰ֡
תͷҶɨһһȦˣЦЦһЩƵʵٶȵǲôʱʹʮˣôλǴҪڶ𣿡
׼ҵĹأǾԲ˽ģ⵽а׼ҵӵΧɱֻҪ˳ţˡǲκڳѰ𡣿ʮһϢȻǳɱĺˡ
Сӣϴ̸⣬һ㣬ȻⱲ㶼ˣ֮ǰ᳡ǸˣвϴıȻС˻ıƭǿ϶вͨģǸɴһݣеȫټ˹ҪǿаҶȥ
ǼҶڳһµӣɵġԼʮΧôһ㲻أѵʲôƾ̲ɣ
ʮУΪߵһˣѾﵽؾ۷徳磬ȴûһܿжľΪȻҪ֪ʱԼǰվŸһĳǿߣŵһɢˡ
̵СǣǵӵǲСۣ컯֮£Ұͽ֣ж²İ۾ָָ̯λЩʹ͵ϣ˵Ҫǻ첻ȥˣü뿪ɣϷʹ죡
Ϊ׵һˣŨܵ룬е̣ϵ򾣬۽бʮֲ˫ӥǰ񣬶ж˵ϼһϰΪûУҲ˼˼ʦȰ㻹ٹ£Լ鷳
жÿ춼̯һЩûʲôֵĲϵЩǻµĶ̳ԱİȻһڵԼ˵ЩԾǸûһ㷨Ϣûеͷ
Ŷԭǵ鷳Ϸϲˣ֪ܸܲȥְж¶һܸȤӣվϵĻҳЦǺǵĶҶ˵СһȻǶ̸⣬ȥ̸̸ɣܴһʺأ
ŶԼգ۾жҶʱ˼ЩӶߴޱģɱ˶ᱦǵĹֶΣʲô̸⣬ǸƭСġǲŲ̸ʲô⡣
ʱȺжǴڳԺڣ֮֮Ҷȥ⡣˵ĸſ֣ʵһ԰æҪҶ򲻹ǣͳְЩӶ߸
ǺðɣȻôг⣬ǶһǣûɣҶƳһ۵ֿ˿صжȳȥﵹǺڴ뿴жֶεܴﵽʲôز
Ȼƽ׵ֶΣҶʵΪҲؾڣûдﵽ۷壬ͬʱʮҲؾӶߣǴѰ·ûüƽףͱ˼Ҹ˲ɱˡ
´ҶжһֵֹֹۣܾĸоԼʮˣһһپȻ˿ûо⣬ĪڳⲼʲô֣˱Դ⣿Ŀʱʱ̶һЦſ϶Ǻߡ
ô¾ЩˣǰСӽŸǣڳ·֣תŲʱ䣬Է˳׼˸ߣڳһЩ
Ƕ̣ȻôܵļƻϧԴҲûĵˣͨǶѡĿ󣬶ĸɾ䣬󻼡˵ǻˣĿ߶ܴڡ
Ҷ沢֪Ⱥ˵뷨ɵǰ棬ƽʱһϡĲϻͣʼ۸
ҶԵжҲͬˣ̯λϵЩûãֻǰﲼ˸ƣĶȻ·ܿ޷ߡ
·ߣȴʮ˵Ҷĸ࣬һҶôһȺй䣬ΪĸĹӣ׷·߶ܣ鷳ƣȰ׼Ǽϵӵĳų˭ǰ
ţǺ񶼺ңƣҶͷ˿һȺˣʱԭί漴ЩЦáֻûκαʾװ֪ǰȥ
ϴ㿴ǲʲôıһˣСĴյԱߣСʵҲ鲻ˣ׼ôֵܱɣȫǷƵġ
ǰĵԽԽأȴ˵£һûΪһؾʹҰҲҲ̫ǿĸ֣ʮأɱǾ񿳹вһ㣡
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ʮһ ۷֮· 247 һ֮
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ʮһ ۷֮· 248 һս
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ʮһ ۷֮· 249 ԻԼ
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ʦѩͰͬʱһ˴𰸼֮У֮⡣ܹ붯ֵּģϵԲһ㣬ǲ²Ҷ˵ĺȴ뵽Ȼǵմӣݿɾ͸߹ˡ
߰ؾ֣г˶첻ȡ֮ռڵĶ˵λǰΪ϶ɲ⣬ܹĳǿΪŵӣǿĲһ㣡
˿ҶЩʺĽΪﵽֵز֮ˣٶȻҲȼʱʮϰޣһȡðһǰǿָһܹһ򣬺ܿһ硣
ѩͰˣֱнʱûнˣȻк޴󰭣ƾôŬ޷ĸоȴʵǺĥˡ
֪ʦʲôΪΪʲôǶһ㶼ƺʵȻҶѾݣȻҪ֪λʵΪĲ²⣬Էܿһʮؾ۷ǿߣѾһˡ
ѩ뷨࣬Ҳ뷨Ҷ治˵ʵȻСֵܲ˵ˣ˼ʮؾ۷ǿߣȻΪǰ׼ҳǰ׼Ҳʵ벻𰡣
⻰һС壬֤ʵȷʵҶȻ˵ʲô˵˵˻Էһ£ֻһ䣬ͿȷԼĲ²Ƿȷ
ΪҶȻʲ˵׻ǸˣԼ˼µûȣ˵Ļмƣ˴ŵ壬ŶԷҲƽϵġ
ֻϺ۰ͰͿҶľٶʱҶȴһЦ˵ʮؾǺǺǡѾˣû˵꣬ȴһָָָֻݶ˼Զʮؾʲôͳˣ
Ѿˣ
飬飡
ѩͰͬʱȻվһ֪Ƕ˻࿴ŶԷĨԶ𾪣ͬҲηӿһֱΪʮ죬ҲǽִߣΪ׼Ҹ߲㣬Ȼ֪һġ
ϧ֮ϣͻȻðһǧǰӦѾ˵ħ֮𾪵ϢħѾﵽ֮ϣǰ棬θҪмɣԱǶѪ
ִ߸ϵƴȫ֮˸ͬھӴֻʣ˼ΪؾǿߣҶ˵λȻҲһ֮ϵĳǿߣǲ𾪣
֮ǰΪʮأӦþʵˮƽˣҲ²λǰڰ׵ǱޣҪͻһﵽߵľ磬Ҷڳõ֤ʵҲסˣǰʵ΢ˣһǿߵͽܣ׼ң൱ڰ׼һǿƣ
׼Ҽ׺죬ȰѩԸһһؾ۷֣׼һֱزڣҲŴﵽؾڶѡ
׼Ҳһֱȵڰ׵ͼıչΪֵĴڣʱȴ֪Լϣһ֮ϵ޵ǿߣǶʱҶ⣬㲻þʲôֶΣҲһҪСӳΪ׼ҵˣ
ڰǱߣǻᶯеĿܣȰ˵޸ǰλҶˡҶ飬ѾŴ̽Ȼ֪ǰڵʲôЩҪˣΪʦ̫ǿˣ
λߵʵΪѾҪˣڸղţܹؾҶ棬ʵԶǿʮʮӶߣܹ״򿪱˵ռ䣬ڽ޴½δŵľǿֶΣ
ҶӣĻܴܲǶ˸ʦ͵ȥ˼ػ꣬ȴһ֪ӦԵŰлǶֿ˼ң㿴
ѩͰƺСֵܱҶӣæռȡղصϣһЩɹļƷƣľʮ̳
ʱΪ˱ʾһ⣬ǶҲ˲ˣΪЩ˼һһܿأ


ʮһ ۷֮· 250 㳲
ǸҶ汻ľٶһһϼǵһϣЩûӵļȷˣƵһߡ
ѩ켱æ͵ûʲôⶼһЩСҪТʦѣʵòʲôöϣҶӲҪ
ʵЩϣѾȻˣǿУֻͨɫѡʹһڷһӣϻʮ̳ģһ̳͵ۺʮңһ㶼ˡ
Ҷ˵жΪûԷóôƷֻԺڰ׵Ϲĸһѡ̣ҲЩ֪룬ûȥǰǲ˵ԼΪ˵
յĻоЩ飬˼ҵ׶͸ɾˣԼٲգǲǲԥ֮ʱͻȻһԺ𣺡СһȻѧϷҡײƭˣǺǡȻǿϸϷͲඣ
䣬ϵʮ̳ͻȻʧЩȴһ㶼û٣ѰѩͰһȻԭһʱ׷ʲôж̯λһݣ˵лǰ
СɱϷϣϷ򰮿ֲ٣ȴϲ鷳ҪǸϷԸ
һըװڷͻأ𣬽ѩͰƶ˾ô˸жʵŲɣæͷǡǴʱҲ𾪲ѣⷿ˿˽Ƶģ׼Ҽ˶һܸӦĶλǰֱӽﴫ˹֪Ƕ˵Ĵ㣬˵һһӲĸ֪
Щ϶ϷãջȥɣƣԺÿ¸Ϸʮ̳жĻڷǺ纣ϢҲ֮
Ʋ˲ͷ亹ЦҶ˵ҶӣʦȻϲƣԺÿǰ׼ҶϣЩϡ˵ʵϣжЩϣֻÿʮ̳ƵĻ̫ˣԺһⲻĽѣ޷붯˼ҳ
Ͻʮ׼ң;׵ǲԶǬڹϵ϶񻯣ʱпܷһսʱҪܹ£λǰպдãԷԿԼ˵뷨ֻȡģûҪǵĲϡ
ҶȻ֪ǰֻϺʲộξܾЩʦòϣʱҲҪλǰջȥɣлյĿǣ
Ϊϸ鷳Ҷ治ٴȥˣһٰڳȦꡣȻ԰ҲЩ뷨ȴϲִƵ磬һСľܰԼˡ
ҶֿҪСİЩ˶ЩرķӣټɱĻõܣǿ϶ʹưոݵġ˿˴㣬ѩͰҲû취£ҶˣҶ治ˣǾûа취ˣǱ߻Ǹõͻƿڡ
ҶĿһۣԶǸЩԾû뵽鷳ջˣһЦ˵лλǰѣǲһѰģȻ޻أ
ô飬ҶҲٻذ׼ܲǱߵСԺˣһӰȫһЩжԣõ˰㣬ԴжѧĶ߳ж̯λȥ
ͬʱڰ׵ǼԶһϣ̵޽ȸһƣ͵ؽˤڵϣŰ׵ǵķ˵õܣ㲻ģһΪ㱨ɱǧ̡֮𣡡
ӣͷǶ˴ȥ׼ĿѪϴ׵ǣ
ǣ죡
Զ뿪޽ȡһƽĦŽĿ͸׺ǵԹĿ⣬õܣ㻹ǵѽ𣿵׷ɱƴڻңҵĽ죬ȴĬĬ뿪ˣкûǶ̵ټͷҲһݣΪʲôˣǴ约㡣ģ˭ɱ㣬һΪ㱨ģ
һĻĻ޽絶ʣ˳ӻõڳǰﴫѶϵ˵͸ŹŹ֣ȴ˵ûʲô˵ģõܾʩΪ׼Ҳö̵ô
Ҷɱڰ׵ǲõߴϢʱλƹǧӶߵͬʱаûڲѣõһӣ˹ȥãϧһжѾΪȥκκڶá
ʱɱڵӶ߱ˣ˵죬ǶѾ׼ˣܹǧʮˣһʲôʱ
˸׺Ŀ⣬Ƕǳ굶Ѫ֮ɱ¾һֱܵ˷ܸУڽҲͷеɼ忪߼ͻɱǶˣڶƮټϾ޶Ҹطʮ꣬Щһֱûõ
˵ҪѪϴǣ˷֮ǰ˵ϴǰ׼ҵǿǸõطչĵر٣֮󣬾øʮ궼ò꣡
εĿ겻һɱ֮ˣֽҶ棬Ϊؾ˭ܽ˻׽˴÷һ룡ڸ޽֪ģ֮˸ѪӶߣЩ궼һսİ׼ҵӣȻͬһϵġ
Ҫ˵սԼǧˣа׼ҵӾɥƣ
Ϊ޽Լ۷徳ǿߣϰ׼Ҽ׺춼·磬ٶȿһ㣬׼ڸӦ
һ룿ӺͻͷϲԳϲ֮ɫ˲ģһССؾСȻǷȻų⻰һᷴڣһıһӲΪϷˣ
죬ʲôʱǶѾЩȲˣڲа׼ҵĴ󲿷ֻвƯĹЩӶϲսƷ뵽Ưİ׼С椶һıͷһƬȣ޲Ͼܳ
ɫգ޽̾˿˵ܾЩΣΪܹǴи˳ȥһͰ׼Ҳ͵ǬڣȥϮһ°׼ҵУֻҪǾͽ˻һѪϴǣ
ٺٺ٣ȻӢͰȥǬڸ硣̵תȥǬмߣʱȴóȻǬڶӶ߲һкøУִ׼ңǿ϶ͬġ
ͷȥټֵǣͳȰ׵طǾͿʼ޽Ը꣬͵ؽƽ뽣ʣеɱͬʵʣ׵ڵķλ


ʮһ ۷֮· 251 Ѫ
մжĹ⣬ҶеõһСĸլٻذ׼ܲǱߵСԺ°ҲԼѶ˵һû뵽Էȴ˵Ѿǵ·ϣҺܿ켴
һҶ浹Щˣ²ܿǰ׼λϲģŽŸйġʵҲȷʵˣҶҲʲôԴĶֻôŮɫ֣԰ΪŦҶͰ׼Ҹ˩һ
֪治֪ǰʵΪ鷢չ˵زҶҲЩڲѣ׼ҳϲжΪͲ߾ܵϵȻҲûôķաʵ԰ȻһЩøУȴԶԶûдﵽҪȢΪ޵ĵز
ʱҶ棬̵֪Ѿسڸ֮ۡвѪ֮Ҫ콫ѪɹϳǳսʶԼʵжôĵ΢һؾĸֶҪѺܴ˵Ϊǿߡ
ỮԼҶ潫ԼľѪƳһεѪľϣͬʱ̷һѪʼѪ
ŵҩ¶ǣ糱ӴҩʼӯȫÿһͷڵĹ趼·һ£ҩգתɾѪȫһֱϵĵӿȪһ㣬ʼһεѪڴֵѪľϣðһɴ̱ǵζ
ͬʱѪľڣһſɺɫ忪ʼѣҶľѪԭɺɫϣϺɫڵԽԽǿʶһ㣬ʼһһɵʹС

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ؾڵƶɵѪҩʮֿͰԵֵҩҲҪؾ֮ϵĸֲſɷãҶ滹ĸ󾳽磬屻ҩǵԳһĳ֮ɫ̶ƤѣѪʼϵÿһë
ɿͣҶ漱æʾշȥͷϵ˫ֳסѪľϷһѪϪһ㣬£ٱѪľգٶҲӿ˺ܶࡣ
֮ǰҶѪʱ򣬲ûн翼ڣֻͼһ֣ڹѾͬڵҽľѪԴԴӿһܴҲΪСܶϸ΢Ѫܶƣľʹĥ񾭡
һҪסɰڴһ٣
ҶҧأҩֱײǧԣжֻܿԼӲͦȥ
ɾʱͻȻ洫һŲҶ治һæԼͷųȥ־Ȼǰˡ溰׹ڱչһٹ𣿡
ʱ״ʮֲã㣬ϵѪûоڸ˵ղųֻΪðŲҪԼ
ҶðɣҸٹɡһֱϺǷ¹ײһ㡢ʮֲҶʱڱչأȴǺȻһæҲƵ뿪ˣûзҶ쳣
ŻܲǱȴͻȻͬʱӵ³ϵĴѶʲôϷеһˡֻôͻؾĽҪͷأһ·ͣĸϵ֮ӵһ޷ܣҲܿܵ
ѩͰƵĲãҪ޸Ҷ棬ûˣҲǷԸ⣬ⶼǰ϶顣ȻжҶҲ㺣λϣҲЩִ֮飬Ҷ֮ʱ޷ǰƽ͡
ҶôͻȻͱչˣ֮ǰǸͻؾѵҪͻˣһ·Ϻ˼ţƵ򴺷ȥȻҶʱûҲʱܹεĻ⡣
֮Ҷ桰ˡһһͷѪľϷѪҩЧǿԭͲǸΪ֮˷õģԭһҩЧ죡
ʱڣѪĻһ㣬ԴԴϵžѪȫѪľ˽ȥԭѪľЩɺɫľ壬ʱѾɫɢſֲаϢ
аϢǺŨңȴʮ೤ͣڵÿһطóڵ˽¼ݡ
ƺͰѩϢʼ̽շ־ȻԴҶķڣӦһʱԸӵĵز
ԴԴɢаϢĶȻһ鲻Ҷĳɫľͷ
ǺҶһΣȴҶ˸ɻ˹ȥԼҲû뵽ȻᷢϧһѪֲ֮;ͣ£ֻʱƭһˡ
λ׼ҳϼʶ㣬۹ȻᱻҶĻѻƭסҶλǰͽܣƺڽаľͷʲôҲûţֻʱȶְڵߣɸĳԹ
ĥʱҶѾȫöҩҩһգƣڵĬĬָ
ҪëϸѪܵƻָȻҪÿƻһΣֻƸءɾҪͷҶͻȻյжĴ
ж侲࣬˵Ҷ棬ϷҪΪϢڣ׵ǸһǶ̵ĳԱһǾ׵ǲԶǿǬԪϵǬڣǳ׼ġңƺ㳲ԴԴϣɱң²վҪﵽ׵ǣһɱ¾⣡
ʲôܹжˣ
ϢҶһŸտѪ֮ôϾ˴ˣжǲ»ʲôΣգֻ֮Ϯ𣬴һҪǰ֪ͨ׼ҡ
٣ǧˣǬǧˣǧĿΰ׼ҪˡжΪͨ죬׵ϵһһľĸ֪ΧڣʱЩѾ׵Ǻܽˣܹǰ֡
ǰ֪ͨ׼ҵ𣿡ҶʱȫָϵĴˣûʲôսֻð׼еˣʹٹⲻȥҲû˿취ΪѪ֮һʼͲֹ
ţѾʼ׼ˣ㣬Ϲ˵ѪѪľ治֪ôЩЩа
жĻ͸ŨŨĲмЩ˵ʵ̫а񣬸һӦýӴģϹһЩаŵĶнֶʮַУȻҲ³
Ҷ⻰ȴǿЦҪΪЩȻڲҲΪԱܶһֱֶʲôãҶЩֶβûʲôУаֻҪܱסɱ˾ǺֶΡ
ߣҪ⵽ɣҿѪĸЩҪһƲסԼСȥжߵľһ䣬ж˴һֱڹ۲ҶߵҶʮ
ҶһæԼ̽ѪľУЩȷʵǰĲͬЩһɫʱȴīɫڵЩ͸һּΪֲ׵֮
Ѫ֮ʲô仯һֱûϡʱжһ˵ҶҲЩԾѵЩľѪͻɺɫ˵ľѪأ
ȥǰɣӦ֪


ʮһ ۷֮· 252 ѱ죡
ѪľռָУҶ漱æϷȥڰǰѰҹ飬ʱѾ˲ˣԺмĻᣬŪЩô˵
ܣܣ
Ҫڳˣ̫Σˣ
Ǵϣ˶ڻҵĴܶಢǰ׼֮˶ڴҴŷȥѾ˵ǿϮ顣
ǰ׼ҵҪҵ֮һ϶ǬںͶ̵ҪĿ꣬ǶⳡƽٵС
ҶһԭֵĴ֣ʱûм˻ڳ۲ˣܶ߶ڿն˷ȥ׼ҵĵҲһӦǱټȥʲôط
Ŵʣж̯λڣ˴ҴҵĴԵʮͻأ˶ΪԼİΣǣʹ̯λҲֻǺĿһۣΪʲôûȥûǰڨ
ǰﶼûˣ㻹̯ﰡǰҶЦǺǵĿǰںšġһνͷԱ
⼸жҾƵ˲֮ʱʱҪͷһڣʱȵͮͮġ
ͷҶһۣ˵Сһ£ѵϷҪһ𣿱̯λҲǸʱеóȥʲôϵ
ˣҶСӣǸΪʲôīɫ
ûҶ˵ǧصﴫһѶϢжѾ˵ˣҲʮֺΪʲôᷢ˱졣
ţҲأѵѪ֮ĸѣӦɫ𣿡ҶܻĽѪľȡ˳ڵϣص䲻һȭ֮
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ҶһͷˮĿ˿Ѫľʵʲôףôû˵
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Ҷ治ŵջԼЩҲ̽һֻûнԼ֮̽ڶѣû뵽ЩСȻ䣬ǧ˳С
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һֱû˵ж˿Ҿƣֵ˵ʲôģҶСһﱾӵ֮壬ڵ׵֮ҲΪ׽ЩʳľѪĳֲΪ֪ı죬ͳӡ
жһһЩƫаҲ˽⣬շƳɹ󣬽ʹߵһƱ;ѪУھʮļܹﵽͨĵزЩаõߵ顣
жĽͣǧȻʵ˵ӦӣСӻͦˣȻñǿޱȵĸһЩ󣬼ʹӦȷʵʮְԵ
Ҷ汻ͷ˵κģϴſϲı죬϶ͨպʲô˵ĵˣֱӷų棬ǻֵ
ǧһ仰ֱӸһưˮСӣ˵̫磬ҪЩ棬ҪΪǿֲ֧УЩĸ棬ֻĸӴ󣬲һзĿܣԺ󲻵ؼʱ̣ã
ɣҶץ񣬸ղŵϲ֮ʱʧЩŵʵзɵΣգҷô󾢰ǷʲôôĶȴãÿ컹ҵľѪιǣⲻǼô
Ҳ˵ãϹ˼ǣؼʱ̣㻹ǾΪжĮĵ˵һ䣬󾲾Ӧһգɫ˵Щ˿ҪˣƵʱǻΪս
Ҳ߲
жĻ䣬ϷͻȻһ㵭ɫ֣ȫڱͬʱһ׼ӵܷ׷״ӳķɳ䵽һЩʵĽˣշңգԴ
ڵһɱ֮Ҳ֪Ŀ٣ÿ׼ӵ϶¶֮ɫǼΪҪһҵҪǱϴ٣ɵʧ֮ڶָԪ
ͨжĽ˵Ҷ潥˰׼ҺǬڵĶԹ
Ҫ׷ݵһǧǰˣʱİ׵ǲ֣ҲûǿʱռǬڣֻǬڵ̫ϳûͻʮؾ֮ϣһ߻ħȫ顣
׼ҵʱһ壬׺·֣˰ǧ֣һٽǬڸ˳ȥȻ˵֮䲢ûʲôɽʺǿߵ֮Ǭڲû˷ھ׵ǲԶһǿϵһָ̲ʵ
֮һǧУ׼󣬶ǬκҲڲϷչʵչˮĵزֻҪһܱһսƽʱĦϣСΧȺ¼
˳û⣬չزʹ׼˳׵ǶûˣοѾ׼ҾӪǧ꣬ǿ϶˳
ǬںͶǶҶʮֵģѪ֮Ÿտʼ׵۳ѣ϶Ӱ쵽ļƻǱж˵ǰܰæ𣿡
ϷֹǽǣûҶ˵жѾµĿģЦеĿ˵⵹ǲѣϷ򲢲ְ׼ҺǬڵĶԹֻܰһµʱ䡣
һ㹻ˣлǰҶ˷ܵĵлǣеĸլȥѪ֮Ҫһµʱ䣬˵ʵ̫Ҫˣ˸ķ̵ЩӶֿ߽
ʮɱģ׼ûʲôϵһһ˵ɲΪð׼ѣϹȥ
صҶٴηһѪʼһֵѪ֮
ͬʱڰ׵ǿУǧǬڸֺǧӶѾԴ͵һ£ɱ׼вҵǬ˵Ϊ͵һα
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ʮһ ۷֮· 253 ˵
׵У洦ܿǬڵӵӰֻǸЭ飬ûϿճ֣ǵƻ׼طľݵͲҵ
ͬʱϿձ鲼Զ̵ӶߣһѪЦ·İ׼ӵܣʱ׼
սսԵĻЩÿһȰ׼ҵҪǿϺܶ࣬ǳڸ֮⣬Ӹıĥʮּ͵־ս顣
׼ҵڽЩֻǬֹСΧĦ󲿷ֵӶûоǰѪϴ񣬼ǧӶߣ׷Щηգлⳡսܹڽ
ҶߺжٴλָƽʱǸɢӣڰѩͰƵĳӶʵû취֡Ϊʺ򲢲κˣ˭ռ˭׼ܹǬڸϳȥ˵ǱǬǿ󣬶ǬڲĻҲʵֲ˭˭
ֻΪҶܹĽѪ֮жȡһµʱ䣬Եȵ˼ֵһ̣Ƶϵĳһߵǽ£ʯ˳ǽˡ
޽ûһ۵СɫʱעȫڰѩͰϣѩʵ൱ؾ۷壬ΪǳʵȻҲټפǳصİ׼ӵܹнǧˣȻ㹻ܹǳأȴҲ븶̫ڲʹĴۡ
˭Ҷ棿Сӳɱõܣ˴Ƕֻ̹һ˶ѣûǰ׼ʲô飡գ޽ޱĴ溰ȻϴǺΪõܱͬҪɱǰ׼˵С˵
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޽һЦ׳Բӣ޽ȻʲôˣõܵĳȴòκҶ˵ѣΨõһ²ЦСӲǰ׼֮ˣֺα̻ҿԸǰ׼ҳ˵ʱ䣡
е޽ƽĮ˵
ʱʱ䣬Ǭڵ˲úһУٽм幥ϰӶУ֪֮ûʲô淨ԼʹһٵòȻ㹻֮ʱҲѱڣ˵ͱӵ֮ˡ
֮Ա׷ɱΪһѳʱõƴȣŵԱסΪõ̫أӶߵĲ·
Ķթѵıѳʹ޽䣬ҲκˣֶѪȲ֮ڶ̶̰ʱڴټǧ֮ͽŷɥĶ̣
ЩȻ˵ǴӶ֮飬ȴѱһֻ޽ΪСĽٽɱҪԱרһЩǺҪĵ֣ѡŵҲгһֱûܽǻɱ
ƺͰѩ˶֪Щ飬ɶԶ̵㳲ϮҲûа취ҶģǵȻ֪ΪһҶ棬ı˽µĽ
ңҶظΪ̨ҲҰҶƳȥʹƳȥҲȴյһսΪ޽ûпֶϰߣȻԴǰ׼Ǵһϴ١
޽ҶѾ뿪ǣҪǿҪֶˡʱڳ⶯֣һʮ壬ΪɵǱѾˣܶ˶˵ڲڳڣѵֻǶɱ˶ᱦô
ѩһӶʹЩ궾̵˵Ҳɱ˰ʮ׵ߣ԰׼ҵĲҵҲкܴӰ죬Ϊ޽Ϊ˶٣ȥ׷ɱЩİˡ
޽һЦ˵Ȼڳ⣬Ǵ¾͸ǰ׼Һ޹ϵǰ׼ֺαطҪһ֣˵棬ǽǲִⲻϣǶֻýǷ飬СӸҳ
Ƕѵǰ׼Һ۸ɣ˵Ҷ治ڳڣǳΣǰ׼֤ÿ֮˵İΣǶ̽յҶ֣ǰ׼ǲݣ
Ʊ޽Ļ˻̵ҶԸ˶֣˵Դ˴ˣҶǶȻܽȥģֹǿֶΣλ֮ϵǿǶﲻ
ãֵǣɱڼȮ޽ݵ·İ׼λϣȻӶһ֣´˽
ţж˵֣Ȼȴֱڳÿ˵񣬲еĶ̳Ա·׼ӵܣֶԭء
ߴĳǽϣжǸݵĲۣ˿ﶼһëȻĸоȻܶȴͬ㶢ųǽ˵ǵӰͬʱв²˿ֲˣʲôΪ
£˵ĪڰѩͰˣȻǶҲԭأȴʮֿģΪλǿ֣߳ζǴ˴ΣǻˣϧʵԶǶ
жûаڳǧǾĿϣֻɤӣ˹˵Ϸ򲢲ҵ£мϷ˵¡
ţĿһ޽˵ǶʮСһͽɱģǿͽܵıͽܸɱ˶ѣҪͽܱϷ°ɣʱϷҲڳ
жһ޽˲䱻һ޷ľ˽ǰȻ޷еľ䱸𾪼ɵȴǿңڷ˼ʲôΪһУֶͨεδš
޽ǰɣϷǵ㣬껹йһ֮Եأֻû⵽ϷˣǺǺǡжȻһЦ˵һĻʱ޽ؾѣŸոռӶߵУֻжһȺټϲ޷Թȥ˶ѡ
ȻҪѰϷᣬ͵ϷͽϣûǶɱȡϵĶɣϷʮУһɣжʱ޽ϵĿռ˿ôǰЦݵĿ
Ǻǣǰǰ˵Цˡһ¼޽ԼָжɣжʱֻͷøΪ
ǿЦЦжһݣ˵лǰɱ֮ɱǰֻôǵǰ
Ȼǰûа㷨޽ȴղǧºǧ׼ҵӶ˲䱻סֶεƵͨ쳹֮ܣҲʮȫ̶λµĵ
ûджϸӦκɱŸվǰ٩٩̸ϧΪֲ˵ʮԼ˵˼ңҪҲӮЩɥõܵĳԵñˣ


ʮһ ۷֮· 254 ˰ٸ棡
㵱ȻϷ򣬵ʱϷϮɱߣֻö£ûˣжʲôˣʮɢȻҲֹܱ˵ôиֶԹɱܵù
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ڶ֮󣬰ѩһȺӽҶĸۡԷ֮ʱ˴ţӣڣҴطǬڵķȻǰȫˣطȴǬͽƻĲᡣ
ǬĵӲǺֻܶ࣬ǧھѪս֮ڰǾ˳ȥ
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ھѪǺܴ󣬲ȻѪҲͬʱҪĶ
Ȼϴļ尾ҶʱȴʮϲãΪÿһεѪǰӼһЩڵϸ΢ѪܣҲڲ֪бؿڷҲǰۺ˲١
˷پѪ֮ڹĥһйžѪĲ³´лڵҲԽԽ٣ӾͻƵľ磬Ҳڲ֪俪ʼɶ
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ʮҶĴѪľϷˤ£ϽһžԪһѪǿֱ壬ʼ߻ָѪµѪڵϸ΢Ѫܺ;ѾüΪͣ޾ѪҩҲһеջ
һ˵þĥ֮󣬱ԽԽߣԽԽǿ֮ĻָٶҲӿ죬᲻ⷽƣֱһΪ˵ĵز
ʱҶҲףΪʲôǧڸѪ֮ʱ򣬻˵ȻƫаĴĥΪڵѪԼļͶȣǰ˴˺ĻָҲС
ټϼѪɹ͸棬˴αչشĺô֮಻Զ
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ȵѪָһЩҶٴοʼһֵĥ
ֱڶʮʱѪľͻȻһϸ΢ϲ֮£Ҷ漱æ̽˽ȥԭڵ÷Щѣʱһööѣһֻֻɫĳӡ
Щ弫ΪֲСһÿֻͷ϶ľ״͸һаϢͬʱϸСžڴҶ֪ףѪ֮ĸ棬ñǰӿ£꣬ΪֶΣֻҪûзر֮ˣЩСһĶ֣
һֻֻСĸ棬׷״ѪľϵСܵΧҶ·裬ЩһֱľѪ󣬴ʱȻϵϢһģһҶϵĹѪٶҲԤǰ죡
ڳɹˣҶ˷ܵЦһµûװȺ棬žжǸĳǿߣӦӦҲΪѡȻ֪֮⣬ЩС滹ûֱ֮ӸЩԱǰЩɺɫĸΪǿ
·ĺɫȺҶ波ʶȥǣȴڵΪܹͬʱư˰ֻңҶļΪ٣ӵʱͼһգͷҲʼ
ǰ˵ûΪ̫ˣҶ漱æӱƵĸϳأЩղŻڷڵҷɵһسص˳Ⱥ֮У·Χ·š
ЩСһѪľΧĳȺʱʧһգ׷ѪľڡԴҡҡͷҶ潫Ѫľս˿ռָСȻЩȫˣֻܶв֮һҲһССвɡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 255  
տķڣʱֻʣһľͰͰһŹԲĺ޺ɫѪ·ţʱʱϸĹֽУһӲײ
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ǾÿСһҲȲˡȡؽҶ潫עУһȰѵ̳
ɾֺ͵һ˲ͻȻӴһɼΪ͵ڵķŵҪ˦֣ȴöҪ絥մƵģô˦˦ҶæӽϿȥ

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ĵҶ˼ֻڵ˼΢ɲϸۣϵԽԽǿҪڵķȫһ㡣
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´ҩڵķǿĳƽĴ˽ʱӻֹһʱڣžડһϵڵϵ˼Զȥ
⵽ױʲô޲ôҵķˣŹһ׶ԶҶ泤˿˲ͷ󺹣뿴ŹŹֵĵ׻ᷢʲô仯
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ͻȻѿһС̶ѷԽԽࡣһȭͷĵǱƣһںСԴĴ۾Ҷ棬øӼȣҪ
ϧҶ治ǰ˭֪᲻ٴηղô㶵һԣǡ
ʵҶ֪ǣÿֻƿǰҪȡ㹻ƵǣӶ硣Ϊ޵ʮֲпᣬһЩʵޣרŻѰһЩ޵ɣӶǹɾϲͶһ
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ǵȥһֻںûëѻ岻ȴСӦ˻վ󣬾һҡһڵĳҶ˹
ģǸѼе񡣡ҶоǳȤֻ˹һĺҪָȥŪһȴû뵽ָһ壬ͻȻָһŴĿϹ⣬񱩶Ե׵֮˲塣
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ճôǿӡĸҲʹ׵֮İɣѵҲΪԼľѪģ
ʵϣΪһʳ˵ݣճʱŶ߰ؾҵʵǧ£ܹɳΪʮؾʵ۷弶ҶǰֻΪĴѪͷͨҪһЩֱӴﵽһؾʵ
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٣СһﻹͦĵģҶ汻һĻ÷ͯģһֻųͰҲô̾㳤úںģͽкɡ
ְڵϣҶ浹һžԪǰЦǺǵ˵Ҳ֪㶼Щʲô㳢ܲܳԣ
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ףˣǴβɽһ֧ԦڵԦ޻𣿡Ҷ뵽æڿռָзһ£ǸͱµԲȡ˳ŲģȻɢŵĿռĪɻޣ
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ԴӶߺǽָֻǰӣҶ沢ûзų棬Ҳ֪޽еĶ̳Աҹ
٣ǰ㻹̯벻ףΪʲôƫƫϲطѵʲô䲻ɣԶԶ۴жõҶǰȤѾ˺ܾˣ̲ס˳
СӣʲôãԣʺϷ͵ɹ̫жЦһ䣬кҶ£ʵôѪɹˣ


ʮһ ۷֮· 256 ǰ
ߵжԱ£ҶЦЦ˵ˣܿư˰ֻңֻÿþѪιšǲãǲ֪Ӧιʲô
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Ҫ죬ȥزǷǳıڷõľԪЧðٱֹ̫ϡȱ˵㣬ҪҵɲװǧŽһιϧÿ궼˽ȥժӦʣ޼ˡ
ǣҶͷʵôû˵࣬Ҳ˵˲٣Ժﻹû䡣ж˵ͷһ
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СһΪȻû˵һءжԪãʶ㣬ռΪĿռ䷨ԼÿһطȥҶ潲ǵĲ֮ͬ
˵ÿʱ䣬ǱŨͻһε͹ڣʱǽǵʱϡʱֻ£ڲͻ档ΪǳǿĴɣ޼ڡԽһֱǰѳš
˱أȻͲԸ޼ʩѹҪԼ½ܳҲһս
޼ںͽ̶ֻһý룬Ϊóؾ֮ϣȻϧ֣¸ͱɹˣձͨǹͬһʵǿÿŷһöȡ
ɲӴ޺͸ĵرԪҲŨĶ࣬Ҫû취ͱ޼ھΪˡ
˵֮жڵĵȴţΪҶ϶ܾջ󣬼ȻҪΪȻһΪĵطȻΣҲ٣Ҷ˸棬Ҳûʲôܹκε
ǰȥҶĿᶨǰͷʮǸνǡ
ʱҶ汣ֶѾ㹻ҩҲȱֻʣΪһֱѾ˽ؾƿҪһõطʵ
ϷﵱȻûУ׼Ӧöȥһöȥж˵ձ۾ʼƴѶǵݣӦһöġ
ðɣҶж۾Ϊ˼Ѿ˰׼ҲٶݣһʼŴÿ¶һƿԪΪȻǺܶ࣬ȴҲˡ
ֱжΪ׼֪ĴˮǴߣ׼ҵĳϼһˣһۡиõϵĲϺ͵ҩѰȻⶼմжĹ⣬ûΪ׼ʲô
жȴҪҪ׼ҵȻʹһ׼ӵʧȥǵĻᣬҶеⲻȥȴֲõܾжĺ⣬ҲȷʵҪᣬһʱЩì
ʱж̯λǰһ׼ҵӶûЦǺǵĶжһݣ˵лǰϸǰ׼ᣬպãһǰǴΣǰϳְæǺǺǡ
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жĻղŻںΪʲôƿô˵Ҷ棬ʱȻԭöжǰ׼֮˽ɣʱЩǵһ񾳵ĳǿ߸ǽ⣬ȷʵһöҪмֵĶࡣ
׼ؾϵߣҲаʮҪһӶۼһжǽ󣬿ɱѵöˣ𵽵ãҲԶһؾ֮µСΪҪĶࡣ
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лǰȫͻȥдϲ񣬶жʩһת뿪ˡȻӸλĥ˹ž޲ľأʵ̫شñûʲôյֱҪ
ŰƵıӰҶЦõҡҡͷ˵׼ҵ˻ͦһöĻᣬʵֵ̫ˡ
һһֱжǰƣûָоΪľֻ̫ͣпһ;ٶҲԣʱ᲻ְʮ겻ôĿգЩûûΡ
Сһﻹ˼ЦҪΪ˸ҪϷô鷳ȥ𣡡жûĵҶһۣʮңԶһֱӰ͹ȥٹ͵ɢˣȥһжҪԼǧСһ㣡ΪΣյĲҲޣģ
ۼж˵ô࣬Ҷ֣صĵ˵ͷǾûʲôˣ˸棬󲿷ߺ޶̫ģҲû̫ôϡֱӵһϵΣ˶ɥ
ҩҩʲôĶ𣿡ЩӵദҶȻûажΪʦжȴҶ浱ԼͽܣΪһ˹µ̫ˣҲܻΪҶСǹʽǧ
˿ҶҪԶ£ܾЩģȡһµİƿЩʹ˵һŻ컯ֻҪǵ𣬾ͿԱסСǵùؼʱ
ӹ͹ӱµƿҶжѣжһ˵лǰҩ


ʮһ ۷֮· 257 ǣ
̵һжֹ̧һԲεĿռţЩ˵ȥɣµʱ䣬ŹˣһСĵ㣬Ҫκˣ
˵ͷҶͷҲص˿ռڣٴγֵʱѾ˼ǿ֮⡣
ϼһʱʲôΪڵϵصڴһڹرտռŵжʵ
عƣؾɣȻԵСΣأܵûʱӦԡж̾˿˵ҶСһǸӣʴӱԵҲԺĳɾͲ֮¡
ţΪ񴫳ߣȷʵǲˣϧұⱾ֪ʲôʱؼ֮ʱǧεĸпһ䣬㲻˵
Ȼжǿռ䷨򣬵沢ͨȻҲͨãǿʹÿռֻ֮Ŀռݣʱ򲻹Լ𣬾ҲһѲˡ
ǧȣΪҶΪ񴫳ߣպ̳ȫУͿԳ֮ɱⱾصǲʶʱصԼƣҪȫơ
ͬʱһƬ޾ǿУҶȡ̣ʼԼķλԱ㵽ʱܹ˳ص׵ǡǰǿŻɵѾߣ˵Ҳ֪ǾǣΪжѾĽܶˡ
湻Զģȥʱ»ȥѰţд͡⿿УôԶľ룬¼궼زȥȷԼλãҶ治ЦǾ׵ǲҪԽ
һڼشһڶϽϣмľʵ̫Զˡ
ͬʱҲжĿռ䷨ЩηԶľ룬ռڵǿķͿ԰͹һû¸п֪ʲôʱҲܴﵽ簡
ϥ֮ϣΧɢɫҫ۹âãã֮УֺƴǿգҶоС
Ҷ濪ʼǵʱ仹죬⼸ʱ˷ѣ㿪ʼŬ
ǿеĻʱü죬Ҳ֪˶ãҶͻȻӦߵϢڿԼ۾޾ǿգ֪ҲǰߣֻǹɹаϢϤУȴһʱ벻ʲôطӦ
ʱɫװ˳ڼԶҶ濴һòʱǶ˾ȻǺħڵˣϵʱûƽϮɱħڵӣȻû֪ȴ
ҶӡħڵĵӲʲôദˣȻڴ˵س֣˵һһŮȻҲǺħڵеٮٮߣǲ̫׶Ը
ħһһŮ·һֱ˵ʲôûпͷųӦܣΪããǺ֮ʵںˡʱͻȻҶǰգ˶ʱͣս׼
һԼǰ·ˣʶΪԷԼǰѰ鷳ģҶ浱ӶߣǺħڵĳҡҶɿռֱӳģڵǶˡ
ΪסǶȥ·Ǻħг𣿻Ӷ֯ˣɫڣ彡׳ʵѾʱӦֿԵ׼΢סŮֱۡ
ҶȻһЦ͵ҿɲӶߣǺħҲûʲôԹֻڵϵɢѣѵǲΪǶ𣿡
ȻҶԺħڵûʲôøУҲǽ񣬵Ƚ֮ǽ˵¶Է˶ؾʵҲɲͶø棬ȻǳаԵܹɱ󲿷ߣǶҲǳ£̶̼ӵʱܰʧһա
޷õҩֲĸָֻ֮ͨ»û˵Ϊһȵʱʲô飬û취ٶøˡ
ǶҲΪǶȻһǾ;ˮˮǸҵطȴɡ˵ѽҲٶ˵ԵŮӱһ뿪ˡھҶǧ֮ͣ¡
ΪҸ绹˽ɽܳӹȻһ㣬ݽСģͺѱƵҶ氵˵ͷЩɻĵӣð׼ҵӾûԡ
ڽļڣʱзθǸʵһؾؾȣÿ˶ΪСģٻ֮˿̫Ѱ˵طĬĬȴ
ҲһĺֵӸҶһҲǶģڸεһȦҶҲһˣЦŴʵѣҲһģҲǣȥô
˵ΪȻͲǺܴȴһּΪĸоҶ濴Ŵ˷ϲòҲһ˿øУЦ˵ðҴΪһҲһӦ
Ȼô˵Ҷȴûз¾衣
ӽܣһûСɣҲֻһ˴ηʦ֮Ϊ̳֮λΪʦѾСˣ֮ǿգͻΪ
Ҷ˵ͦģԼЩһֱ˳ǧжλǰ֮֮;ø˳ÿÿ˵˰ҪԼҲһɾֻʦͽ˵Ļڻڲ֪ʲôء
Ҷ֣ҿϾҪͻؾ˰ɣĸɵİ󸻵С۾ʵҶһҲؾΪǶؾ׶ΣԱԼΪС磬òּΪҶ棬ʵĽѡ
ʱûɣڰ׵ǰ׼һСŸʶһӣҶȻԼϵ׶˵Լһݡ
׼ҵĹҶܸҽܸ·Ҳٴˣһǰ;ûУȥɷչأȻ󸻲֪׵ģҲû˵׼ңǶڹǺ˽ġ
һɶһЩƽʱȻҪʲôǷ֮սʱЩ𵽴ˡϾĸҲȫǸ֣һսԼĵϵʧ̫أԹʵҲһʱԵ
ðɣȻȥҰ£ͬͬͿ컯ˡҶͷϴӦ˵׼ҽںǬֵúףᷢսӦûؾ󸻰ɣҲǸ֡
죬Ͽյڿʼ𽥱䵭ܹĵˡԶԶȥϴ붼Ǻʣµ½Ǻܶ࣬ҷֳɺü飬ÿһɫͬƵòҲΪӡ
Ҷ֣Ǹýȥ˰ɣԶ߶׷ǰȥҲļԱߴߴٵ
ãȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 258 
һƬɽУҶվһɽԶȥϵǿҪзǳķֻͽ档
ϵѾסɵĿ¡ڽµУҶƻѰЩĵرҸطȥϾ˳ҲʶһҩЧжǿ
Ҷ֣ʦ˵ⶫңһ㶼ɽҲİɣԶɭ֣ʵڲʲôĵطһЩͰСҶƬڵĲ֪Ұݡ
ᵽʦҶ治ʵʦѵǣҵ𣿻У㲻˵ʦΪ޷ԲӹɣԳȥǿգҵͻƵİ취ѵʦ޷ͻΪ𣿡
󸻾Щʦ˲ӣһҪʮ궼һֱģԺ˺쳾Ƶģ˵Ҫᾳ磬ʱΪҪǿգҲ֪ʲô
ɫЩ䣬Сʦ󣬶ǸͷǺиģ뿴ȥ
⻰Ҷ˵ͷʾ⣬û˵ʲô
һ·ţһ·ɽȥҲûν޵ʲôӡҶ治ʱͷųԼӦܣʲôǱڵΣգȥˣ˳˷ּݲݣҲûҵʲôмֵĶ
ջ٣ʲôݣȫȡˣҪɨһƵġ˵һλһлȻЩݱϣôҲƵ㵤ҩȻ֮Ϊʲô˳ָˣѵԺ
ҶһʱҲʲôҲֻȥʦǸʦܹĴ󲿷ֵҩС㿪ʼǿǸݲϣǱֵĶҶһݺ;Ҷ۽硣
ףҶֱ֣ˣͻȻ˷ܵĺһ䣬㳯һȥ
ϵǵߵкǿãҶŲԶͻɢֻŰҵľ룬Ҳ޷̽ˣ˵Ϊ㡣
Ҷ治֪«ʲôҩ֪Ҳֻÿ첽ȥ뿴˵ıʲô
ʱ˳һ±ڱԵϣ·ʮĹȣһ·ʲôȴˮӦӡ
ָ£˷ܵ˵Ҷ֣±мݣһ£ȥȡݿǺöɵҩܹߵҲкǿЧá
ҲãҶһʱϲȱľܹ֮֮ǿԿƵĸҲӣһʵҲǿϲ˵ãҰ㿴Χ
һԾ󸻵α㼱׹ȥǵǿҲϸ׺ܶ࣬Ҷ濴ٶȣ²Ҫˤȥһⶼˤû˰ɣ
ʱͻȻӰڶϣ
⴦Ĺȵش֮䣬ʮɣҶ涼ܿ˵ò
ôѵҲǳģ
ֻһһŮ˳ڶ±ϣ֮ǰҶħڵӣǺ¸Ӧһ˵ȥ󸻷ֵƲݣŮҲԥĸȥ
λѣȷֵģЩֵ˰ɣҶֻҲȥȡؽʯڣԼٶȡȻԷУ̫ķѷ뽫Լķ˷ڷϣԷͱԼΪߣҪ˷ѷȥУһҪԿġ
ϵĶ֮ܲɣΪʲôܣֲֹһãһ׵·Ǻħӵ
Ҷ⻰Цһã˵ĶԣֲֹһãΪʲôȥطңƫƫҪңѵǣȻôһⶫǾͳ֣Ҳδ̫˰ɣ
˹ǣΪ
Ҷһ͵͵׼ΪǿǱȴǲ١ֻҪᷢ˿϶ɡȴɫ󣬺˵Ϊ
һʼҶʣԷҪ֡Ϊ磬ڵ˫ʵжġԷҶ֣ͱȻ̡ԣǻЩǡ
û뵽Ҷֻͽе׺
Ǻħ˶ʱЦһҲҶһֱǱ߳ȥ
Ҷ֣ҪǵݣôŰһݵ󸻣ϷͻȻһһŮæԹ˵ΪϵϢú£СȻǣֻҶ淢ɧ
ڣʵǿǿǴ򲻹ġҶԾɻֵ̿Ĵ󺰵
ħˣʱҲûκεǣͻȻ̧־Ͷչ˹ĽȻһʯھʹ˹ȥ
Ȼ˵˭˭Ϊʲôȶ֣Ҷܻĺʡ
ǰȴǴ߶ͻƽʱ׼׼׼ᣬһݵġ˳Բ˶ߡ
ħ˼Ҷ治Ҷ֣ޱȣɵСӣƾؾΪ
ŮҲʡ͵ĵƣԱߵĺӻҪͣһֻԪ֮õĳ뻯һֻ޴ĻﳯҶƺҪٻһա
Ԫ֮Ҷһֻ׳ɫɵĻˣʱһĸ»Ԫ֮ģôʲôʲôһû취øˣϾⶫһֻһֻҪǶˣֻٻһǧȥȡѪľѪһˡ
Ҷ治׵ˮԪ֮ҲǴαˮ޵һӡˮԪ֮ƿҲ죬עؽȻ·նȥһɳˮȻӽɳֻ˺ҧȥ
ˮ˻Ҷˮͷ³ĴˮŻ˳ȥ˳ȳĻһ𣬴𣬽ããϿȱøģ壬Ҷ治ܲ˵ĳ·ȥҪǶֶԸ󸻵Ļ϶Ųסá
ҶȥʱͻȻ·Ȼһɽ֮֮ҶϴķӦٶҲҲһ߱˹ȥͨӦ֪һ󸻷ģΪǺħϰɱ¾֮
ҲӡҶ氵ľɽͬʱæŮӳȥʵҪȺӸǿһҶˮԪ֮ÿĻԪֻ֮ǣס˵
ڿзķļΪݵģҶ治ͣ±϶±ڵʹ÷еڹϡ
ҶѲħŮӱһȣŭ죡գƬƬƴڷɳϿȼ䲻ĵطĳȣȴԱܹĵط


ʮһ ۷֮· 259 Ѫ
мϿУսе˸չͨϣҶΪԿƺħŮӶռ·磬ǿмһӡ󸻾ûôˡ
ȻĽ֮Ҳɱ¾֮ĺħڵӣȴ͹ԲκƣΪǶ˵ǼΪԵ͵·ӡ󸻻ȶԷ磬ԷȫƣֻܵӴܶܡ
ϵ½󣬲һȴǧ֮ڣ˺ܶѡͬһ½䣬Ȼܿ˹ȴҲããĿĵƯҪõö࣬ϿڵĴ򶷺ܿ˸ֵע⡣
ֻͨҪôгԹ˼ۺ죬ҪôǷʲôΪսߵĸģΪ˱˷һᣬǺܿ׷Ѱ
䣡
ؽӣɳϣ±ƻʯ׷ɡңҶеĽϻӿһεˮԪ֮ɵˮΣŮӵĻԪ֮ͬʱҲһ·󸻡
ҪھͱɱҶ潫ؾ֣˵ʵս̫󡣻ƽײһһɱֱŮӵĻԪ֮ơܶԸŮˣŮ˲ܶԸеģȴǿԡ
Ҷ氵Կżʮֻ棬ɱ¾֮ӷȥʱ׼͵Ϯ
ֻҪɱһ󸻵Σܹ⡣
ˢˢˢˢ
Ҷû뵽ǣʱͻȻϷĸˡĸˣͳһӦͬһ
ͷûأôֳĸ֪ǵѵ˰
ǲȥˣЩδĸ棬ȻͷųһϵߵĹħŮӷȥ
ͬʱת˴˻ᣬٳݵĵطȥм±һһ˲佫ݵľ޴ʯս˿ռָУ󸻺֣ˣߣ
󸻾⣬ֻﻹǣǼûɵݣӱħӱƵʵ޷ұڣ·ܹһٹȥһߡʱһҶĺҲ˲̫࣬æһת·ȥ˶ôѲҪĸ˼ԼҪˡ
ݱСˣסħŮһȣ˫ӣ˲ͷųʮһɶ೤ĻߣٳҶķ׷ȥʮٶȼ죬ûʱ׷Ҷ
ݣʦ֣ǷݣǳָҪѰݰϷеһӣħŮӵĻæǸũӺͬʱԼȡ˳ѴȵĶ̱޸
һȵ׷һܷŹΪڶ콣ɵĴӣʵѾﵽؾ۷壬һͳǵ׼Ϊ·ļصСȻû
ҲҪᣬҶ氵һ·Ͽȷɴܡ
ϻŻƽףʱ׼һºݵģ
ݶдãȻѾȻûڽĿܡ
ҺãϿȲ࣬Ȼ˽׷ᣬҶռݵʱûʲôΣա
ǰʲô
ʱһ·ϿϷɳ۵ȴͻȻͣһֵתͷϴȥʲô޴ľš
ţã
ҶųӦһ£ǰҲ౳±ϣͻȻ˺ܶ޴ʯʱܶ޴Ļɫ˳ѹѹһƬҲϷȥ
һκʱὫЩǴʱ׷ɱﱻӣҪҵæ󸻺Ϸȥ
ǵΪˣҲķžʱʱ䣬Ҷ淢ԼڵķѾɶ࣬Ҳ˵໹ܳһʱ
ֻǣΪʲôô
תͷһʱˡԭΪ˿ڣǵѪζЩǳˣ
Щÿһֻʵﵽһؾǧۼһ𣬼ʹؾĸֶ޷ӦΪʵ̫࣬ҪǱһӵϣò˼Ӿ͵ñ˸ɣ
𷢳ġ֨֨ϣ׷ҲЩĴڡ
ħӼæȵʦСģЩѪ࣬Ϻ
ͬʱ콣ڵҲ΢˶٣ЩԶԶԺħһһŮ˵λѣȰǳЩ콣ڱȡ֮
콣ں˲ôħмЦЦȻ콣ʵڽ򼫾޼֮󣬵ǺħȴҲŽǰ壬ңǺħڵóľǰϮɱ̵ϣʹ޼ڵҲɱ
ĸɵģɸұһǰ˲ԼŷУ콣ߵİӶʱһԼŵӱɵҪĶ࣬ʵҲǿȻƲֽѵһûʶĺˡ
ѪϵǺ׷ģΪǱʵټؼΪɣܵӰҲҪСܶࡣЩȺһЩٸȥ˵ȵСѾ˸ˡ
ǺħڿеĶûʧֹħŮƳһ۶ˣ˵ʦܣǲҪǣҪ
ħڣǰ콣ڵ˵İԷɣü
ħڵʵȻŲ̫ߣЩ˵ֶȴǻɵӻãħûɰǣֻǵĵ̫Ѳˡ
ħΣѵƤӵ£ˣʲôɣ׷ȥһ߷ϷȥʱЩȺѾ󲿷׷ȥŴʱ־Ա֮ǰҪ׵Ķࡣ
Ҷ֣ԼӰɣЩѪ˺ģ󸻼ϡ϶жദ˿ڣǺħӵɱ¾Ϣˣһʱ˿ڸ޷ԷϣʱѪε䡣
ĿɫԲ԰ףʱ߶УڷѾʣ޼ЩѪʱѾ벻ԶˣϷצź⣬жģֻҪצӹסؾޣҲʱ޷һѪ
Ҷǰ棬󸻵ǰɳۣղûӵ飬ҲھƲܣæοİɣǲģҸط˦Щһ˵
Ϊиͻƽ֣Ҷ治Щ𣬾Ǿ̫࣬ͻƽһҲɱ꣬ȵ׷鷳ˡЩѪѾΪѲҪټΪ߹ԼǿߣԼҲɥڴˡ
ˣ֣Щ²ˮҶ濴ǰֵһӣʱһƣҪЩӾĻԼ˿Զˮ˦Щ˵ʣֵ׷ɱͨ
󸻿ЦһȷʵӦǲӾİɣҶǴӶǣǺô죿ǶںӵҲӲǵ׷ɱҿǰݽȥɡ
˵ʲôΪǽǾͻŹǣɵˣҶһۣ漴ְİɣа취Ը˦ЩĵĶ˵
Ҷ󸻣˿׹ͨһðһ޴ˮźӵ׳ȥ
׷ںȺߴߴиͣΧƺϿǻɢȴʼղҽˮС
ĶˣǹȻˮ


ʮһ ۷֮· 260 ˵
ˮףҶ÷ſһƬûˮĿռ䣬Ҳ˽
˰ӦһͷЩѪȻˮ˿
Ҷ潫սռָеǿ޴ұȡ˳˵֣ڰҩݲɣҶⷽ治ǺС
ݿɲͬͨľͿˡԪ֦Ҷڶ̺ҩϸ붼ܵҩʧ١
á󸻵˵ͷȡһСӺһֻСëˢʯһ˳ʯмĩ˻ͣһ£ȻᣬɻǽеãݸҶ棬˵Ҷ֣ƴģֻҪһ͹꣬͸ɡ
лˡƼȣҶҲûˮȥΪˮϵѪζûЩѪ뿪ˣȴϿա
ɣ֪棬ݽǺħڿǲħЦ·عͷ콣ˣɫ˵һãǺħã콣ô
ȻħͷС˫ֱԣʦҲ޷ڶԷֵʲôôԷӶڱصã˼һ£һ롣
ǻѡ콣ڴȻֻʮˣؾ֮ϣռơֻˣȴҪôʲôģǶ
˵콣ڴ棬Ƴ굤ܹһЩڲʲôܣΪѾؾ۷壬Ҳ굤꣬ϧʦʮ⣬ҪһЩʦŸ
ȻħںѲöԷ˲þԼ˶ֻ֣ܶҪһãԼǷݾͿˡ
ߣ콣ڲҪ̫ǾǺߣѵҪǺħڿսɣۼʨӴ󿪿ڣħɫĿŶԷ׼¼£ɾʱˮµҶͻȻðͷ
ΪѾԶǶˣҶһЦԺħһһŮ˵λǴΣ֣콣⼸һݣҿԷţǿΣ
Ҷ֣ˣôǺһҶ˵ʱļħڵ˿ûõģҸղҪɱԼˣôͻȻҪ˼Һⲻô
ħŮۿҶһۣмƾؾСӣҲǺʸôԹԽݣȻɱǣ
ʦ˵ĲʶģͰѶԵӱҶĻ֣ҲϷʵĿҶˡ
Цõ濴Ҷ棬Ц˵СӲӽˮ˰ɣǺħڵܿס𣿻콣ںҿԱ֤ȫ˵ûܸһã
Ե콣ڵҲЦҶ˵ЦȲ˵ܾܲϺһҲؾؾѣԼؾһ۷壬ʲôնɱԼˣ
ȻҶ˿ռָ
˲䣬һٶֻ棬ѹѹһƬ˳
һɺڷߺХ裬ҶЦʵ֪ϲϵô˳棬Ƿʸ񣿡
ͬʱư˰ֻ棬ֻ̫һֻĻܳһӣһֻĸ棬ɱĸ㹻ˣ
ɻķųӦһȺںСӣֻһаϢ˲Ϯʹһ󷢺ҶԵ󸻣͸ΪˣϢŵ˲ˮ棬Ҷ汣һμΪ̵ľͣ¡
һ治֪뵽ʲôȻɫ䣬ߺǸ棡ӵ׵ĸ棡
˵꣬æʦǿˣΪڸղţһСϵĺɫֱɱʹʱʦһصϵһЩܡ
Ϊ콣СеĴӣȻ֪࣬ڵĸֵ伮ġǵڲУһ޵ĵ伮ʱϵЩСòʱӦ˹Щʲô
Ȼ֪ΪЩɳɫɺɫ׵Կ϶ǸɣֻиаϢҳҲͼһ޶
Щɫ׵磬͸ΪԵˣĿǣֻһ˿ҲܹһɱͷǸ֮£ֲֳĶһɲǼ򵥵ô򵥣
ܣôܻǸ棿ȱôģħһһŮ֣˲˰ɣĿҶĬȻ
ħΪ԰ɱɣȻЩ˷ʤֶδΪϤںܾ֮ǰһܹƿظĳϣ֪аĿ֮
ֻʮֻ棬Ϊؾѡħȴû˸ΪƿصĸʵڹֻҪڣ᲻ܳʳ֮࣬ʱŻȥ˵Ŀ֮
ؾСӣȻӵϰֻ棬ʹǶһˣֱǧ֮⣬ŶԶҶǱߡ
ʶԷ£ҶȻһЦƸ棬ʾ뿪
ղ˵ֻȡʱˣԼһðͷͱ˳ֹűһ˵Իǣ˵üԶԼҲǰȫˣѸսռָеѪľУȻ˵ݾҪĻðɣ
˵תԶ󸻣ѯʵ֣ôԶʲô
ⲻǺųʲôΪʲô겻ĸоɫηĿڽӽҶ棬βȥղָоʵ̫ˣٿҶʮ֮ڡ
ʦ֣ʲôΪʲôô콣ڵӼͷʦֶ˺£̲ס棬ʼΧʳʶ̣ǲûȨڵ伮ȻҶųЩںڵС治˽⡣
ɫӵҶ棬Сǽһ¸Ŀ֮
ηҶԵЩڵ㣬ûԪ֮һҪսһ𣬿Լһܲ
֮治˾ı飬ȵߣɱһ̫Σգ˵ǵôϣĵرڶ࣬ûҪǵøݣ
ħľ콣һ£ҲԶߣҰҸղҶûͷų棬ȻʱԼѾʬ塣
Ҷ֣ЩںڵĳӵʲôΪʲôȫˣɻͷǺʵ
ԶȥҶͷʵ㲻֪棿֪ˣӦò׷ˣҸûʲô֮࣬ȻѰطɡ
Ҷ沢ͣϾ֪ԽԽãһֵ˾֪˵Ӧ֮ȻҲ𲻵䲻Чˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 261 Ȼ
ղ˼Ȼϳ棬Ȼ֪ⶫĿֲ֮ҶҪ͵Ϯͱ˲͵ϮɱһˣʣˣҶȴ޷Ըֻ塣
ʱҶĳȺû֮أðո콣ںͺħڽҪûһ˲ڽǻɱͻԼ鷳˴ǰĿ㣡
һҶڷٴλָ۷״̬Ҳ𽥻ָ
󸻱ΪԵһ㣬ֻ˵ƤˣҲָ
֣֪𣿡ҶվԶ֪¸δȥж˵ö֮أϧʱûпĸλ󣬼Ȼ󸻶ݶм⣬¡
ѾΧתһȦժöɬҰݸҶһֵ˵ʦҲûҵһǧųһΣ֮ã׺ɣãܱͲˣ϶ôױҵģȵתתɡ
˵ҲǡҶҧһйӣζҪŽռָУȴû뵽Ԧ޻ͻȻҽеʱֻСˣųιҰ
Ҷֻ֣ģ󸻷ͻȻֻªޣҶιʱĿĿЩԼġ
ǰСһҼ񵽵ģˣʲô𣿡ҶСԵͦʣµİҲ
Ҷô˵󸻶ʱ˼飬ȵ̣ͨʹҲûãҰѱʱֻܷҪԦѱѵҶָԦҲйϵ
ӡֻȼ㣬ˣʹõݵ̣Ҳܣֻоͨ˵Ԧط
ȴ֪ҶûԦڵֶΣͨаŹѪֻ֮ԼѪѡ
󸻵ʦռݣǶԸŷǳ֪ͨҶ֪һ޻ʲôԣµͨݡҰϵ޵Ѫ⣬ûʲôɿڵģͨٶҲܿ죬Ű⾰ܹﵽչɵĳ̶ȡ
˼ҰֻСԸٻԦ޻ĿռˣߴߴĸҶʲôܳԵҰݣܹȥʳʡιʳ鷳ˡ
һҶҲûȥ˾ͺá
һ·Ϸɳ۶ȥΪҶӡǱһźܼĺӦûصĴڣҪǸλãҪǰһޱߵĴɭ֡
ɭľϵĲ̫һҶƤȽƫںںɫ֦Ҷ٣ħצӣϻɵգиԵҶе㲻ĸоҪʲôƵġ
ûãҶͷﲻԾΪɭУȻûͷӬһҴܶطúѾ߹һˣȴȻһ·ⲻɵһɻɭǲʲô
Ҷ֣ûзЩ̫ͷ˼һÿקһƤ˵ǵðʱǰžԱߵģôˣѵ˲󷨣
ҲˣһʱǰҾ;ú֣ûʲôطԾȻָоܿһ󣬲ӵΪõģѵﻹʲôأ
ųӦһ£Ҷ淢ҪطŨһЩʮ֮⿴ĶģҵϵĿ֦ҶǳƽǱʲôѹһе֦Ҷڵϡ
ϵ쳣ҶлȻһæ
û뵽طҪǿĶֻ࣬ǿɸңϼΪƺһɿ°Ƶġ
ʱʮɵĸ߶ҶﲻټŨ͸ܿ·ˡ
нҵϿջзǳǿ͵ǿܱˣһ̽ҶڵóһµĽͬʱݽˣ
ΪõĻǱ뽫ȫŲλã߱ǸֲģÿܽһǣҲؾ֮ˣû˭ôΨһܾȻγɵģ
ȻγɵγɵĲݣͨΪ󷨣Ҫ֪תԭ㹻ĲϣһܹΪ۵ıֻҪƻۣ󷨾ͻʧȥá
ȻγɵǲҪϺ۵ģǡĵκ㹻Ԫ󷨾һֱתȥδ䣬ȻأпʧȥЧҪΪƳΪס
Ҷ֣ô찡ַɲֲȥѵҪȥ󸻻ͶɣԼܹһʵһԼҪˣʱЩĻ
üͷҶһҲ벻ʲôð취ܹγȻĵطӦʲôڲ֮ͬŶԣȻΪʲôγ󣿻ܹҳܹ֮ͬԴ˿󷨣
ģҵ취ȥģҶﷳƲѣʵڳȥֻϧֻµʱȽϡ裬ȹ֮ٲȥɾҪˡ
תͷ䣬Ҷ淢ֺֻ˹һֱԱߵƺ˵ʲô֮£߹ȥؽһ壬ȴֽһӲĶ㼱æʼϵ֦
ûãһ԰ɫİ߲ͷҶ˳ֵ¾Ȼಿ֣ؽӣͼҲڳ
Ҷ֣ʲôͷûʲô쳣󸻲֪ҶڸʲôԱ߷һѾ޴޹ͷЩԡڵǰ£б޹ͷʵûʲôֵġ
Ҷȴô룬ԽԽľΪĹͷ֮࣬ȫ󣬾һڣڳֻ޵Ĳͬͷطһ£˵ķﾹȻ޹ǣ
ôܡ
Ҷ𾪵Ŀصʬǡ
޶ΣյֱΪͨΣյĵطԱܿﾹȻضʬǣһѹһ㣬Խ¾Խ࣬ôȫ
ԴӽƬɭ֣Ҷûһֻ޻ڤ֮ĶƬɭּžĲ񻰣ûаֻ֮СԲϳ
۵Щ޹ǣеûиøɾһЩ⣬ǸȥûʱյģЩɢŶĸ⣬ŶԶ
ҶҲԼıӣԶ˱ڿĵطӣæ˹Ԧ޻С˵֣㲻ҪطŨܶ𣿡
ǰҲоˡӦñסˡ󸻴ʱҲʼ
Ҷ˵ʲôȴʲôͷоʲô©ƵģüͷбһŴʼ˼


ʮһ ۷֮· 262 ڤ޹
ɫɭۿüһδţͷϣڵĿգҲ֪Щʲô
˿˿ʴҶ壬Ȼ˸û뵽ķ䣬ߵܸеǵĺ⡣
Ҷ˽ϵ·Ȼ˫Ⱪ磡ﾹȻз磬ǻоˣæվ·˺һڵϵӺ뵽취ˣ
󸻷·ûƵģڵϲһѾԼܹ뵽İ취һ飬ȴȻûа취߳Ѿʧȥģֻܹ㣬Ҫ̫
֣㿴ˣҶ˻еĲ˷ܵ˵ȻǻᱻӰ죬϶ᣬֻҪ˳ŷߣһ뿪
Ȼһ統УҶѾ֪ĵµ޹ǣʱһѸȥûڤʬ壬ȴȻ벻ΪʲôǶΪڤǵĹ԰η˼ȥ뷨
Ҷ˵Ļپ۽һµЦҶ֣˵Ķԣܸŷ뿪ǿ߰ɣһ̶ȥˣ
˵ٷЧҶİ취ϳһǰȥֹȻһֱָһ򣬶ʱ˷ܵĴ󺰴һľĥѾٱԵٴϼ²Ҳɷӡ
Ų࣬Ҷ澡ŷָʾķǰнȴȻһϸɳɳΪǷ紵֦Ҷ
ɵĻͷ򱳺ȥȴͻȻŵͷƤ飬ëһըΪ֪ʱڼԶһ˫˫ɫ۾ǺҹһյյƵͬʱԼߣͬʱҵĽŲһƬϤ
ȻһȺڤޣ
Щڤȫĵǰнûзκ۾дСͬ裬Сǻƶ֡ǵʮִͣʲôһ㣬ûаɣһĻ൱졣
Ҷ漱æǰ󸻴֣Σգ˵һԾһ˺ϱֵĴվڴֵ֦Զ
һͷҲŵòᣬæܵϣǿϻܹһ٣Ȼ϶ᱻЩڤ޸˺Ƭ
һĻȴ˸ӳԾΪЩڤû쵽˵Ĵһ㣬ֱƹľǰȥĵģûаصΣҶ治Щӿ죬Ųѡ
ͬʱҲɻôһȺڤ޶Ī֣ܽǶ˻ƵģҪȥʲôطѵǶꣿΪʲôԼûио쳣ĸȥ
ЩڤȺǳˮһ㣬һȺȺĲͣȥȫûͷ˴һ㡣ҶڽŵĹ۲·ڤȺȴͻȻһУŵæȡؽеĻƽף׼һս
Ҷ˳ķȥӿٵĻһϸ֦һ߲źһ߶Ҷ洫ˣղǽ֦̫ϸҲȶˣ͵ȥιڤޡ
ҶûĻһ㣬ŵȥһ֦˼ӽһͷһСȴϸ֦·һͷƤëڤǶȥ
Ҷ֣ˣ󸻱ľٶŵüæߵ֦ȥһڤȺ֣Լһǰװױǣ
˸ΪԾһĻˣͷڤǱϱִ֦Уȴû֪һ㣬żᶨزǰȥ
Ȼ
ͨղŵ̽Ҷ֪Щڤ޶񣬶緢֪ħƵģĳǵĵطǰʲôô棬ܽ˴һȺڤ޶ƣ
Ҷоһͷˮ˿ͷҪǧھͺˣ˵֪Щʲô֪ˣӦ֮ǰǱصϡܿӴڤȺӦòʲôȥ
֣ǹȥôʲô˵ķ֡ǰһŴҶ˵
֪ЩڤûвҶҲͷֻҪǳԼģûʲôµġ
ȻҲҶղŵľٶֻǶ˷е£ҪЩûбԼѾ˺ˣԵҲȥǱ￴ڤ޵ģǿ뿪ΪȻܾ񲻰
ʲôЩڤޱ˿ûע⵽ˣھȥҲ֣ᷢҶ˵ֿ꣬һ֦ȥһͷβڤԴһӦûУͷβڤһǰн
һŽŵ΢˵㣬Ҷһ£ϵȥܾЩڤ޿϶Ե޹һͻȻⲻѰ·ôͷβڤؾʵ
Ҷ֣ˣǿ뿪ɣҪٴȥˣȻҪˣ˵Ĳȷ򣬵ȴַнķһ£ɿЦôѡҪͬ·
ȺΪӴڤǲֻʹСУʱһЩɱײҶǰɵΪ֪ǰʲôҲ֪ȺڤʲôʱֻܾСġ
ʱҶ淢ЩڤͻȻͣˣȫĹڵأͷ­߾ţͣȡʲôƵġ
ףҶ֣ûŵһζĴᣬԳһ֮ɫŵʲôζƵģˮ˳
ôһ˵ҶҲӦˣȻϷλȴȻŵһĵ㣬ּһ˿Ȼζϸţʲôζȷʵͦ˵ģѵЩڤ޶Ǳζģ
𺳵һĻˣԭҹգͻȻһ¹⴩͸ǰһƬּտ
ͨ¹⣬Ҷ淢ﾹȻһ߲ʻ䣬ΧһɷԲȫǣ¹ԵüΪζЩɢģʹܴķ綼ɢ
ƬУʵȵڤޣһֻֻĤһ㣬ͣͷŻ㡣˹쵽ĳ棬ҶЩеЩʬǴӺζˣǶǱ⻨ȴУġ
ʬԽԽּ࣬ҲԽԽأǿȻγɵֻҶ벻ףЩڤΪʲôҪ⻨ζζֻᷢʲô仯һϵеô˵سء
ɾʱԵ󸻴תѣͻȻ£ҪڤЩ䣬Ҷ淴ӦʱѾ嵽˽ǰ־Ҫժ


ʮһ ۷֮· 263 ֲ
Ҷô벻ףΪʲô󸻻ڹ۶ͻȻȥһз̫ͻȻûзӦæ溰֣㣡
˻˻󸻵Ҫһ仨ʱЩĻоͻȻðһСԴŭĵΧļʮֻڤޱѣȻ˫۳һٶ׼ŭˡ
˹˵Σ󸻵վǶ仨仹һ߶Զͣţԥţһʱ䲻֪ôźãҶ洫ѶҶ֣֪Щʲô߻ù˵߻ùֱȻһأ϶һ仨ʣ»ʵ֭Һܹһ󾳽磡
ǰʦһֱΪǴ˵û뵽Ȼ̫˼ˡҶ֣ȻǺһһ룡
ʲô󾳽磿Ҷ汻Ļ𾪵ˣƽһС綼Ҫʮ꣬һ仨֭ҺȻ󾳽磬ʡȴʮ๦ֲӻôʧ̬ԭȻ켶ı
ֻղΪʲô˵Ҫȵڲſ˵
Ҷ濴˿ΧǰʮֻؾϵڤޣٿЩмðԴһʱоЩͷƤ飬ҪôǱ֣֮
֣˻ɣȡֻһ˵սҶ淢־ԼֶξóҲɱڤޡƬﲻֻССڤޣһһĭܰŪ
ȴħһ㣬ֻضסǴ߻ùѰĻʣΧЩڤȴԶˣҲ֪ǲǶʵﵽ˷ħľ磬ȻԲҪҶһʱҲ֪Ǻá
ҶǻҲܸȤȴ֪֪֮Լ޷ڶڤƤӵµ֣һֱûȥ
ڶ߻ùоԴͬСʮīͫŭ󸻣Ϸ˻˻ĿвΧڤԽԽ֪ǷΪ˵߻ùȻѾһɾ룬ȴһֱûй
ô죿
Լ뿪Ǽȥ
Ҷз飬һʱ䲻֪ȡᡣȻֱ󸻲ܳɹﻹһ˿ڴҪõʲô취õ󸻿˵Ļʡ
ڳ뽩ֵʱǴ߻ùͻȻһڴĻǶ䣬ʺһĻ¹λðĹΧ۾ڤٴУ˳ĸͷ­Ż㡣
ǹȻڽ
ͨʱĹ۲죬Ҷ淢ڻ£Χˮһ㱻Щڤ޸գǵʵһٶţⲻһʱȻѾвڤһС磡
ʡ
󸻾ڴĻǶ䣬ɫӸղŵ̰ڤһ޶Χڲڣ·ҪͬƵģϵҶһ
֣һҶ淢ѾʧǣҾԼһ̲סҪȥĤݵĳ嶯
ԺУҶҧ⣬ҵĴʹ˲˹ȴ߻ùһţ
͸ɢĻ϶Ҷ濴ðһżŮӣµݣںڳѪӣôһּаĸо
⵽ʲôΪʲôҶ˸£̽ԴֻȻһЦ۰׵˫ֱֱһԵ󸻿ȥϵſˮͰԴ˹ȥ
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һ죬߻ùʿһ̵֦Ȼ̴󸻵ĶͷΧ׷׿ήʾߣջʵıֲ󸻵Уȫռݣ
ή߻ùٺһһɫ棬ʼȼľӵ󸻻һ壬ϴ¸±ıĵĹͷλ죬Ƥ⽥Σûöãʹһֵ̬ˣһòɣŮӡ
⡭
Ҷһʱ䲻֪Ǻãѱ亹ʪ
Ůӵϴһɻ֮Щ˲Ͱס󸻣һ㡣
ʵҲȷʵˣ߻ùռ궼Ѿ
Сѣ㿴𣿡ŮȻһЦһַǳִʮ̬ɤʵ
֪ҶϣֻǶϵĳϢеܵĺ£ѡ󸻵壬ȻʸΪϼѣҲѡ츳ƽӹӡ
Ҷ汾һȴһŲȿգʶԼϡ
޷֪ԷΪ޷жڵʲôֻڨڨһЦǿ˵㵽˻˵ڤޣ
ǰǻʲô˵أѾ÷ʴ·¶ֱۣЦҶ棬ʵ
˵һĻûмҶ뷨ͷƤ顣
Ůʵ̫£ߣϧеڤޣŮӵ߶תԴֻҪһ£Щڤ޾Ի׷Լأֱ˺ſϰݣҲûط㡣
Ҷæ֮±ͷų˼ֻ棬ŽŻףһٴеӣʵɱҵѣҲԸ𣿡
ǺǺǣСѣ̫ˣôµĶҺܺʿǼֻ棬˰벽֪вԴͷ׻˵һһֱ岻ǿȫ壬µľɱĶ
ȻװһνӣҶ滹ǲ׽۵׵һĨţҲ΢һЩֻҪͺãͻ׶£Ҫˡ
˶ҶʵΪʲôЩڤ޶
ΪҶһ⣬˵ʹʵǿҲܰѷԲڵڤ޶ǣµʵ˳ԾЩڤ޲Էľۼһ𣬻ܹڲʵ̫ڷ˼
ʲôϡģΪǽѽƬԷֵĻߣҵأңʲô𣿡Цǰȴʱ̷ҶԵĸ棬䲻⽫Ҷɱ
µǷҲãҲգܹתģ߲ɱڤޣȡڵϵĽƤ⣬ڤ޶ҲһҪǵķΪǿֱһĲֵֻҪܹɱɣܸǴΪԵĺôȻĴ㡣
վסǰˣʵĿҶһëȻĸоæٴηųʮֻ棬ȫΧ档
ǰߣŲҺͬھ֪ʵҵĸ棡


ʮһ ۷֮· 264 
㾹Ȼôฯ棡ʻݴ䣬ȥֻʮֻĻΪܹӲһ£ܹǿǣЩЩƽĲһھȻ׵ĴڣԳ֪
ǿһֱǻʵȱҪӲĹֻȴܹµ磬ʮֻȫΧҲŲ˶õʱ䡣
ߣкüֻأҪҶ㣡ҶʱҲֻܴӣǧ˵ɺüΪֻҪܹԻסԷȥϣͬʱų̫Ļ̫أֻųЩܶһ
ЦݽҲò׼Ҷ˵ĵмģžûмֻҲмֻ⵱ͷ۲ѣԭΪһһ£ȴû뵽Ȼһֵļһ
û뵽ᣬϵаﵹǲ٣ȻˣҲ׷㴳صˣ뿪ɣʵڤȥΪ¸棬ֻǱѱĸҰĲֻͬҪ϶Ŀ꣬ͻ᲻ݵ׷ȥðգòŴﵽΪ壬͸ˡ
ţϷ뿪ʵĻҶЩţԷҪӲ͸ⲻ֪ʲôŮƣû뵽ȻϷԼ뿪˼
ǵĿģΪ˵õ֪ǷܸһܹѰϸ֪ҿ԰һЩ˹뵽ǰ׷ɱԼЩħں콣ڵӣҶааһ뵽һ赶ɱ˵İ취
ܹԼָоʵɻĿԼ͵ڤӦöߵķܸȤɣҪҲ´ˣ͵û˵һԼȥģ
ʿɲʲôڤޣɫһ䣬һ֮ǰȻɫЩ͵˵Ϸ㲻ߣȻ̸浱ĸ治ɣ㿴ȺӣǿɶͲأ
˵꣬ɭеڤ˲ָȫҶķ֮γһ˹Ҷڵôһζŵüæ§סԵ֦
ۼ뻢ıƤɣҶ漱æһת˵֪ˣӦ˲Ŷԣֻ˵壬ȴû˵֮ǶһЩߣ϶ܹһɵŮӡ
ɷ죬Ҷɲ嵽һ֪ʲôʵҲ֪ʲôֵļһ棬ֻǸȡˣֻܹﵽĿģֲж޲ӦҲ켶ı
ܸ֪ҪϢһЩ
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ϸ룬ʾҶĻеʱ䣬Ҳ߳ȥ磬κֲ飬޷ƶ壬ȥﶼԡ
ңǴֵԣܹɸǱܣ˳øƯһЩֲֺΪ
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ڵԷֺߵͨᱻһطԷͨûзģֻһʩչֶν¹ԡʱŻ硣
ҶǸĻᣬȻ֮Ҳֻܱеʬ塣˲ܻΪߣжʼûжıƣҶôһ˵ЩĶˡ
Ҷ¶Цݣϵ˵ȻˡȰܹϢ󣬲ųطȻĻһɡΪкܶǿߣ϶޷ѡʦһ
жǧѾһطûĸ֣ҶҲӦҲеģϾô֮ʤ˭֪жٳǿߴڣ⻰˵Ҳ̫֡
ǿߣǿ٣ʴûȥʵ绮ҲĸЩмǣʵţԲжɱĴڡ
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ʲô֪Ҷ︹ţӸ˵һЩƣһЩеĳʶһһ㶵ġ
֪䣬֮Ĺϵ΢ƣ֮ǰš
ʱͷʱԻĲ׷ʣЩļȻ޷⣬һֺغǿͬʱҲõĸоȲľ뿪ǣֻҶǰ˵һȥͿܱɱ˵Щġ
ͬʱҲʶߵʵ̫ӣֻʵ۸µȻͬ˳ɼҶݸһЦллҽô࣬㲻Ҫ֪иطгֶ
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߼ͻȻתĿĶҶ濴˼룬˵˵ĻҪ֪ƭңʮأ֮
Ҷ漤Ĵ˸һ۵ɵû亹ֱðָоʮֲҲ֪Լ˵ĵûãֻһһˣȻŮΪߣжִΡ豹ĸоȻͬӦûжΪ߲Ŷԡ
һȥˣ㲻ɣ
ҶЦһһôȥһĹֱͨԶһɶ޷Щڤޣ˯һſڵϣûа


ʮһ ۷֮· 265 
󸻵ûиҶʲôҪֻܹ̫֮ûƾȥʦȻ߹һ˵ȴûи߻ùĻӵмߵǣһӵмΪΪ
飬ҰܹЩֲһҲԡҶ߻ùʣһǰԷڴڣһֱŨӴö֮ӵһʶʱ躹ޣΪ
Ļͱ߲ժȥˣ̸ʲôγǣҶ󸻶ҲײǡɸһεĻԵҪȻܽ뵽Ҫϻʽ¹ϴļʣʵ̫С
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һ·ŹָҶû·ˮ˷ܵʱ֮ǰѹֺͿֻȫ֮ԺȻӦﻨ˵Էֵɣȴû˵ʲôʱ򣬵ʱûҲֲͷϡ
ӵļнǵش
ҶԶԶǰĺǰȥֻҪҵһӣɹһ롣ʵĹʧˣ֣߳ҲǿֲԷ̽һܵΡ
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峿¶ˮأҶȶ¶ˮʪʮֲϧΪ˽ʡֻšߵķϣһĳʶͨεķֲȽ϶࣬ˮ󣬵ǲ̫ķֲ档
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֮£ҶֻõͷȥȻƮһ֦ʱϲüңһð취ȡؽһԵС
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;ŷ羰Ҷ潫עЩ֧ϣڰ֮ҵ˻˵ǸطһڵǰҶĴӣˮʮɿӵļнǵشһƬĻĲݵأܿһЩˮ֮ĴڣصеǺϡ
ʦ֣㿴ǶôˣĶҵֳѰ師İӣͣӿǰĹľԣȴڲͣɧ
Ҳʦ˵ҪҵУˮغܶ࣬Ҳ˵һĿ࣬ӣһ˵󷽣˵
ԶԶ˵Ҷ漱æϢΪ˵仰ʶΪ׵콣һˣû뵽ԷȻҲѰĸӦһ£ֶԷʮ֣ȫؾģ̾콣ʵȻǿ
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һߵճɾͣɱˮƽٶȾģǰٶȿ죬ֻҪʲô⣬ӦñҲҪ׼ıԵ壬ڽֻŵʮ⣬СӵУǿҲؾѣԵĸ콣ڲһء
ҶһЦһ̤ľϵϵͬʱҲٳӶ԰ͿշȥʱǰӼнǵشһԶ·̣һֱڷųһ˵ĵطҲᷢ콣ڵˡ¼Ȼԩ·խϣȻҪԷһϲˡ
ľֽ֮󣬱ɼľͷβƮȥû콣һ˵ע⣬ҶԼϢƬľӲݺĵطѰλãҪһõ֣ٸˣ
һˮݵУҶ淢һҶƬīСֻһ˶ߣǽźںĹӣÿŻȭͷСҲ֪ûС
СĵŲÿһ·ϵĲҶ֦ҶοǱƶһͷڲʳԱѸٶֿݣʮϢʱСԱߣٽϵöռָС
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ףǱˣ
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ֲǵжԵʱҲûķ֡ȴ߻ùĻʴڣҶöƽףҲģǰԷȥ
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׷ˣõȥʦʦһӽǵģʦʦǺһ䣬йϣϧҶƮǽɽĺһʵԲ׽һֵλá
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ʮˣֱһ룬̲ס
Ǻˣںδһҳ
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ļҶ潥ӴΧҵ˲ٺöȱ󸻣ܶв֣֪ЧãɲǼٵģŻȥҸҩʦӦܹһЩҩ
Ҷ滹˸⣬߻һ·ֻһˣ֪ʲôɵģϴĻڣʵȻȫﵽؾûǶԷβ뿪
ֵǣ˶ȥǵ½󣬰ʱÿطҲмٸߣϧҶǸ֮⣬ֻħں콣ڵʮˣ·ڵļһ


ʮһ ۷֮· 267 Ԩڤ
дɻҶԶԶҪҪȥδΪ˶һҩȤһ·ͣĳһ򼲱ȥ
ѵԶʲôǵĶҶĬĬ뵽
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ʿһҲϲֻǱǵãǧ֮󣬲Ż˥ϡ
ǣĳ߼ʶ϶ḻޱȣҶǷȱġ
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ߺٺЦţҶӦһܣԳκ磬ĳʲôСɵһϣҲһЩСɵľӢ
ҶǾһȺеĺһСȻǰѺ֣ɵȫܳӻ۵ĵط㲻ʲôʲôϣӢ֮ͷ͸ЦˡЩ˵Ϊڰ׼ңҲ㶥ġ
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Ҷֻǵ˵ͷû˵ʲôֲϤи˴·òʱҲ١
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ʱѾоҵĴĳЩǿָˡǿ͵ըҶЩľ
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°ڽмΪҵĴ򶷣ɽȳһȻѾ·ʹʮ֣Ҳ޷ԷǱʮ˿⣬ƺܿͻᱻϳԨڤȡ
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죡죡
ۼѾ׷ˣκ缱æŵĺšȻ׷ֻʮˣǷʢرǿĴɵӣߵľҪǿö࣬ҪǱ϶ᱻɱ


ʮһ ۷֮· 268 ͻΪ
ԨڤȵĺЩɵĵһˣЩУÿ춼ֳһפعȿλáÿ˶㹻ʱܹ֤ԪŨȣһЩСߣǾԲġ
ɽܱߵȫƵĴɽ֮Ϊˣû˻ط롣һֻҪȿڴܹһЩС⣬ԪΪŨڹȸռ
Ҷ֮ȫӳٶȿƣһ·ɱǰȥͬеİˣͻȻٶȱô죬׷׺ȻĿȻ˹ڣܲȫֶΣ˼ҶȽ룬мΪ죬ȴҲûа취
Ȼаȫĵطҵҿ϶ҲܣҶûлͷѾ˾
һ˲䣬֮°˸͸˾룬ܿʧԪɵС
ԨڤڲһԲΣǧĶܹӦķΧΪޡһжҶ˼ѵᡣɽҲһ·ƽ̹صҰݺһЩ֪ľǡ
һֱűԵشɱֱû˰ͣ£һεɽ괦ʼؽ˶Ѩ
ĴЩλõĵط϶Ѿǿ߸ռˣԵشԪŨȣֻĵشһңҶ˵Ѿ㹻ڴ˴ȵ£˵ѾΪѵáʮöԪȻҲ벩һ£Լһ˺ѵ֣ɴͲˡ
ɽаҶ潫Ĵʯ˶ڣֻ¼ԪͨСס
£Ҷܿ״̬һȻɽڵԪͬСϪ㣬мɽУڡ
˿ɽ⣬κܻɽϣŭĿɽȿڵһˣղҶʧɽںһа˲㱻նɱʣµƴ˳ûҶ̬ٶȣôٴδȥ
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ʣµʱڣǲܽɽڲЩֻˡԪŨȣֻɽڵʮ֮һѣȻ˵󲿷ֵҪϲ٣ϧۼ˼ҶɽŰٱŨԪôܸģ
˴νǵǧԽٸԼĽܳſ϶ۼ˴˵أֻڹⶺһǧٶˣڹľֻңǻ϶ǳǰĴɡ塣
κϣǲӦٳһΣֲǵģƾʲô⣡һ׳߷߲ƽĶκ˵ǰҶһǱ˸˳
Ȼ仰Ƕκ˵ģȴûѹĻﴫɽȿڵÿһ䣬ȻҪȥȻԽԽãҪЩȫŽ϶ܰɽȿȫɱǰûֹֻÿһζɼǸɽܳӣЩСﶼ١
Ȼ˵ʮɱڣȴûӦκ翴ŹȿʮˣŨɱڿ취ҪùһǧŽΪףÿ˶ԼС̣ں󷽹Ҫ˳ȥ֮Ǻûˮ㡣
Զ飬ﶼеͨ˵յĲɱһСľͿɥڴˣǴ󺺵ĻûӦ
λȻҶʸǣһԣ˼һĹκ绺վɨڳһȦ˵ȫֻˣǵǵΪʲôǻأ
ֻΪǿĿɽûУǵԭ򡣵ڣǣûпɽʹɱǣʱǸԻţǷֲڽĴôѵǻһѰ𲻳ɣȻܣΪʲôҪǣ
κԽ˵ԽָԶʮ˵ѵͱǵһͷͬΪߣ˭ѹ˵Ȩǵڸǳû˿ɽȫηǣ
ǴʱҪǲȥǵΪԽԽߣԺԶᱻѹһͷԶûгͷ֮գʱȥµʱǾܹһ󾳽磡Ϊǲʲ٣ֻԴ
ǴﵽؾбҪȫûҪǿռԼҩǿԻȡԺǰ;Ϳǰһսˣ
κ˵꣬ȡԼĳҪɱȥҪ
һӦ߶һ鼤Źȿʮˣߺţɱȥɱȥ
һǧٶɵƣ˲佫Щɵŵȥȫ˼ѶԿˣʱŹȿڵľֻʮˣһǧٶ˵źȻ£׷ȥ
ɱɱЩѹСɵĻ쵰
κߺһȳ˽ȥ˼˴ͷҲɱڵȡ˷ɽڳȥΧЩˣҲ鼤ߵĸ
һʱɽȿڸɱ죬˶ɽӿȥΪʼٸߵκ磬ȴ˸طҶ߹ĵطɽڴȥ
Ȼղ˵ĳ´Ǽ֮ȴɵˣȥЩɵƴɱһҲû˻һ
ƾͬԤϵһǧٶ˿ɽڳȥЩɡӵȻִУȫ㼯һ𣬿ʼȫֿЩ˵ĳ
һɱۣܶƽʱɵѹߣ׷ʹóǿɽڵԪ÷ڲѡ
ⳡƺƴսһֱ֮ã˫˲أЩɵǣϴ·磬ĸһĵΧֻʣٶˣ˸ϳԨڤ֮⡣СɼҲùһǧٶֻʣ˾ŰٶˣЩӢǰ֮Ҳ壬ҵطȥˡ
սԨڤٴλָյɢԪۣٴνɽڵڱ
Ҷ沢֪淢Ѿַ۵ϲ֮УĶ츣ûоʱȫȫؾƿ
ܹĵطٶȻ죬ʱ䣬Ҷɹͻż
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ڷ·һʯ忪ҶȻؾ硣
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Ȼٶȱˣ֪ԪĹЧΣҪ˲Ļǿȥһ¡Ҷ۾
ոսԼʵ˸һš
ʱͻȻӦһɼеĺԦ޻ڵĺ֮ųͰ͵Ҷ棬ͣ½󣬺ҪԵġ


ʮһ ۷֮· 269 ǽ
СһôǺǺǡҶס죬Լ·ϵһߡ
ҶԼĿռָУȡǰɱڤ飬ιԡַʽܹܺõԼǶȡ
Скܷľݣղ˼¾Ҷ·˺˼ӣʱ飬æڵϣ˺̳
ڴʱҶķִԪȻ󲿷ֶСһˣԼֵֻܷһС֣㵲ѣѵСһҲܹǸһˣ
Ҷ֪ǣֻСľѪѪϴѾ˱ʱ仯ҪԪתΪֱ۳ɷ߲һ·ȻܹȡԪǿԼ
һǿҪԪҪ߲֪ٱ
ԭȣʱҪתԼķҲҪǷӵľֱӽԪתΪãֱӴ֮УٶȻҪ߿ࡣ
һ˼ڤ⣬ģ˼ͰȵſҶűߣ۾ʼ˯
ʱԦ޻ڣСһǳգʱǲԸȥƽʱҶ浹ǲ⣬ֻǴʱСһ󲿷ֵԪҶֻУһС룬Ҷٶȴۿۡ
û취Ҷֻڶڸһ򵥵ľԪԪľۼٶȡ
û뵽Ԫû𵽶ЧӿԪȻʮޡ
Ҷе֣ڶڵľʯŲŷԪһߵķ
ӦиڸԪԴ
ʲôˣȻܵҸˣҶӦһֻһڹϷԭĲ֡ҶСǵѣȻǵ˵ĿԸ
Ҷܿųʮֻ棬ԪķȥʱһֻһεĶ˽ȥ
ͨĸ֪һֻһ˴ϸɽǽȥ֮Ȼж죬ԽԽǿ˿˿ƵԪһ
Ȼ֣ǲɽκ
ϼһһʼǣǳ󣬺֮֮󲻳ɣֹĶģ֪Ԫһȶ֡ʵҸ̫ࡣһ֣ұɡ䱻ɱȶ֣
ҶŸ泯κȥκ붨û֣Ҳû뵽Լᱻ˷֡
һӣκϣͻȻ˹ǺãʧǸǳԵӨ͸˻
ջأҶ룬վԪ
ǶҪȥڴȻ˲ʵٸȵһЩԼ俪ǸڣκĶѨٴһԪ󣬱Ӷ˽ȥ
ͺһٶȻȽͣκĲȻҲһЩӰ죬ϾԪЧӦò֮ǰûųʱ١ɽʮңǱ߷ʲôҲܼʱͨѪԵӦ
ʣµʱԨڤɱϣŴɵٴννɽڵͨɵָ˳ȥνǵĸɵӣʱѾǧˣ˶ͻƣʮʵǿĸͨԪһؾ֮ߣҶ澭¿ޣҲſͻؾѡ
Ҷ˵ѾˣΪȲϱˣҲû취ȥԪΪŨĵطܹؾͻƵ죬ʮ⣬µʱ䣬ʡȴʱ䡣
ٶȱ֪һᾪȵĵ°
˿ް꣬ͻһ磬Ҷֻ£ͻ硣ΪԨڤڵԪŨٶҲǿֲ֮
Ҷ֪ԼġԪ⹦Чϰ⹦ֻ֮˶ˮϵ򡣿Խϰŷ֣Źǿ֮ڣǺ棬ʲôˣŹ
𣿱Ͼ˷绹ǧ˵ʲôĴߡ
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ҶǰСһȻҲؾʵֱԾ󾳽磬ңѾﵽչһɶ࣬޴ſɽɽסˣ޲ں˯
ȻСһǶޣٶҲֲ̫˰ɣ
Ҷ濴Ӵĺ棬ܹٶȣѾؾˣСһŸշð˵ԨڤԪʮŨҲô찡
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СˡҶһ£ֻĴۣҶ棬ʱһܹǰͬҶԴ๲ļ
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ȤӣҶ濴ùЦ
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ߣǻȥɣСһɰɣ
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ȻҪʮַ룬ҪȺˣܵȻҲСܶࡣ
ܿ죬ͷɳǣաУҶȡȷһ·λǰ׵ġšɳ۶ȥΣջ٣ָУöһزݣƵҩ˷ܵĪںף
֮Ҷڻص˾Υǣһлӣ̵˴Ǵαж֮󣬾Ҳûҹ鷳԰ƺͰѩÿ¶Тʮ̳ģȵ
٣ǰСӹͦ󰡣ҶЦߵ̯λǰ²ŪŴ۵ƷֻǰһûʲôûɫЩ󲿷߿۵Ķ
жзۣбƳһۣû˵СôؾˣҵԤڿɲСϷΪܳ嵽ؾأ
ЦһҶֻðϷһԨڤȵϢûԼȥ˺ܶ죬ȵʱѾٻȥˣõöҲǲջ˰ɡ
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ãҲҲãҲգҿֻҪܱɱУõֶΡҪΪ϶ҪЩҶжĻΪ⡣ԭͲʲô̰ˡ
⼸Լ׽֮Ҷ淢֣Լ߰ɳϼľɵСľѾȫٽٱаľˣҲζڿԿʼԼĽ
̣ǿڣ
ǰҲ˵ˣҪǽȥ
ҶЦŸж𣬻صѾûдĸۡС


ʮһ ۷֮· 270 ɣ׼ұ
صԼڰ׵ǵĸ֮ۡУҶԭʱʱ̱̿־ľҲЩ
ɳڣҶʱоһ룬Ҳɵ¶ƣ֮ɫϾǻҶҪ֤ԼȫҪһлջ񣬿νǺķ
ɣӿļ䣬ҶҲô飬ֱңݺݵ˯һһҹ
˯֮Ҷپˬ֮ۡеһ԰֮Уƽ¡ʱҶвϸϸ˼ԼԨڤ֮еջԼԨڤпʲô
ʱ仺óٶ֮ʱҶҲӳ˼֮лع
ǻĳ֪ΪΣҶЩʦʦˡ
ҵΪѾﵽؾ磬ټֶΣһþ졣ȴǲòʱȻ޷ȥ
Ҷ룬ΪջȥžۣٶȿʼԼæµܹʱڣԼʵķĪǽ
˵ҶõǽҲжʱˣҲһֱ֪ǽΣԭҶһֱûܽǽƶɣһж׼ˣҶȻҲЩȲˡ
ȡԼõСľľ֮ϲʱĵ磬Ҷ¶ɫ
ԼԺмĿƷҶ漯Լľһ˿ľϿ̻󷨡
߰ľÿһѶķҶľһɣ޷ڿ̻󷨣òͣ
㣬̻󷨣ÿ춼뽣ԽԽܿ죬ʱ͹ȥˡ
һգҶ渮ۡĺԺ֮УҶɫŵĿ̻еľѾҶ̻ĵ߱ǽˣҲֻʣһˡ
Ҷ󣬰һ׳ɫЩŵĿš
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һϸ˿ķ֮ҶеСľʱһâˢڿնͬʱԭڷҶľҲڿնǰľγһΪµ󷨣ҶΧС
˸ڷʣݺᣬǺý󣡡
ӿʱ̾гĽҶȴǱ۾ĸӦŴǱϴĵѶϢ
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ٱ䣬һĽʱҶʹ³վһԵӻɱȥ
ҶͻĹӲŭϲһڵһؼ׶ʱԼϣнһڴ󵶣ӿдһն
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ɢȥżӵ˿˿Ѫԭ䲻ĿҲ鲼ŽӣģΪҵɴһ
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Ҷжʱ֮⡣
ҶҪԵǸ֮ʣսȴѾȥѪһ㶼ֺһЦҶֵܺı£
Ҷԣһ߰ѱ£ϣЦҡͷ״˵Цˣⲻǳð״粻ˣ״սһأʤʵϰ
սԣ¶˷ܵɫЦҶֵȤʹʹսһΣ
Ҷԣæҡͷɲɣ״£ȴΪæڿ¼󷨶ûкúõд״磬Ҷʵ˼⽣ѳɣúúʹһǣôսأ
սԶʱЦҶֵ⻰ͲˡҰսԺսҶֵҪúõĿңǾҴսһҿҶֵǽ󵽵жǿ󣡡
Ҷԣ˰սһۣƲͷȥ˰һֻۣǿЦȴûгֹʱ֪սһս
Ҷ汾ҲһգȻҲսοոɣղŲֻ΢΢һУȻҲͣԺʹͬˡ
ҶŰ״ǰ׼һսǿ֮ˣδˣллɣð״սҶĳˣãȻ״Ըұ״ʹʹսһǣ
Ҷ˵ţһǽٴչҶ滷С
սˣȫϵĴҫڵĹâ¶һѪĹâ
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ðߣҶͰս˲ǰĺһֻҶɫһķʹǽŰսΧɱȥսǽΧɱ¶˷ܵɫȣдƿռ䣬նһâ
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Ǿ֮ʱһʱǹҶ

ߵƵ֮ͻȻӰ׼ڸ֮
ߵ죬ԭ˷ܵİսʱһƾյɣȻҪ뿪ǽ󣬲սҶͻȻĳ죬ټս̬ʱȥ
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սԣʱӴ֮лعҶɬһЦҶֵܣҰ׼ҵĽټͭ죬Ұ׼ҶȻʲô£ϾҪϻȥˣվʹ˸ǣԺʱ䣬Ұսֽ̣Ҷֵܱأ
ս˵ձδҴҵ뿪Ҷذ׼ҴԺȥˡ

ʱ׼ҴԺ֮УһɽšĴ֮УӰƮȻ롣
⸱龰սг޾ɻ󣬿ׯ֮УսʵʵվԼӦôŵĵطȻ󾲾վţȺż峤ǵĳ֡
ԼĪһӺ󣬰ơѩ죬λϣɫĸһɫϵʿ̤˴֮С
վڸ֮ͥϣŴ֮еӵܣϷ¶һĨοա
֮ͥϵ˶һۣȿ˵ǶҰһΪɫĵӣҰ׼ѣҪ׳Լ֪ǿԸ
Ƶ£֮΢΢Ĭϰٵʱ𣺡ҵȾǰ׼ӵܣԸΪһѪҺ
󱲺գսһͦţʵ֪Ұ׼кѣ볤ԣԸΪ帰
ˣƵ¶ο֮ɫ˰֣ҲòǸֻǰЩӼΪͻ۷ƿðħħսһȻ򣬿ȴҲˣȻ൤ʦΪˣȴ޷ƣ޾ޣбȻ֮ҩݣԼҪΪѰҩ
ʿȻڶ壬ҲǼǵһο飬˴жΪʮ꣬ʮ֮󣬲ջΣǶ뾡ع壡ڼ䣬ҩ鵤ȡԻر壬Ȼǰȥȣ
𣿣˻Ƶб޾ϣЩǰ׼ҵδ
ҵףҵȶȻΪѰҩףϸ߷壡Ѫӿں󱲵Ӹź
Ƽˣĵ˵ͷս£ӻȥ׼ɣһ·֮Σղ٣ȥ֮ǰرԦһ
ں󱲵ԣȥϴŸɫ


ʮһ ۷֮· 271 ǽȱ
Ⱥ󱲵ȫȥս̲סʵ֪ϻʲôҪģ
ðսô̲סеĺʵǲϲüͷսıԣɵҡҡͷս˴ΣأԿǲϸİ
սԣҲ֪ΪԼ룬׶Լʱ㣬ʱЩĵͷս˳ϵ
Ƽˣ΢΢Ц˰ˣЩıԣôܸĵģֻϣڰµʱ˼һԸΣǣ
սԣ˵ͷ֪ˣպ󶨵עģ
ƼˣЦŵ˵ͷ˱ã֮㵥ȴҪȥ
սԣɫʱһ࣬սԸΪ˵
°սļ򣬰ƵһĨͣЩȻ
޾֮УһƬصƬͬǵĽʿãԴḻʵǰ׼ҸǿǿɣǸҲΪ䷱ٲʢǳ֮Ϊ췱򣡡
췱֮УһԻ쵤ǣ쵤ǲԴǰ׵ǷḻǵҲҪǰ׵Ǵʮ쵤һΪǿɣ쵤ڡ쵤޾ҩԴĵʦˣԱ֪ʿΪ֮µһɣ
쵤һ鵤תԪ鵤˵൤ʦԣֻҪܷһöתԪ鵤ôͶȻԵԸԭͻơϣǰ쵤һˡ
ǰ׵ǰ׼ңܵõöתԪ鵤ô㾡ǧҲֵõģ޷õҲҪ쵤ڴһλʦǣһҪǣǧǧҪ쵤ڣ쵤ھԲǰ׼ܹǵģ
¹峤ΪӦǰ쵤ڵط죬ΪϣͻǿĽƣôҲҲڡѾǰһΣֻ޹ԲŻ뵽㡣һҪԼƢ֪𣿡
սԣɫµĵ˵ͷԣսһģȴ
Ƽ״˵ͷˣȥɣúõ׼׼ٵǲرȡҪ׼Ҷ
սףߣս֣سŵһתȥ
Űս뿪ӰƺͰѩ˲ɵ̾һ϶ʱٶֳǳ֮ɫ
ˣǲҪüˣǸһֱԵͻȻڵ˴κȻˣǶҰ׼ȴһһ£ֻҪСսȡؾκ鵤ҩô˳죬ǰ׼һĵӶδɾ꣬ܳŹôǵջΣԻһܴĽҰ׼ҶҲһˣ
˵գҲƺͰѩ˵飬ֱ粽ȥ
ʧӰƺͰѩӿЦͷ׼ȥˡ

һתۣһʱ͹ȥˡ
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ͣ¶ǽҶЩоԼľЩƣ
ǽȻǿ󣬿Ҳ̫ķѾ˰ɣоԼϵƣҶ治ɵ
ٺ٣Ȼ飬ǽһʹҪͬʱ߱ȻķѴľ񣡡ԭһֱص֮еǧͻȻ˵
ҶԣüͷȻˣǰʲôİ취
ǧһЦȻУֻҪҵָĹôͿǿľܹɵʹǽ󣡡
ûָĹҶڴʵ
ǧƲƲ죺ûУֲʹ󣬸Աû»ѾȥѧǸ֮
ŶҶЩʧǧ޵ķʸ϶֪ʲôŻᶺŪԼǿڵǰ֪֪ҵ⸨Ĺ
ǧͷĵ˵˲֪ǲ֪˵ӱôˣʲôô֪Ҫ֪ȥͷ֪һ㡣
Ҷԣһâæжȥ
жȤĴ̯λ֮ǰ·Ҷ֣ʱ¶Ц
Сһʧ˴꣬ôпˣҶԼǰжʵ
Ҷԣ¶һĨ˼ɫ˵ҲǣԼôãһֱڵǽȴûж˵۵֪ҪжˣѰжȷʵЩص
ţҶһЦǺǣǰ£궼æſ¼ǽ󷨣һֱڸ֮ۡУδ̤һһۡⲻ̾ͱ
жԺǺһЦǽŪôˣˣɻ⣿
ҶԣٲɣæԼҪʵ˵˳ˣҲ㲻ʱȴһС⡭
ǣҶ㽫Լ˵
Ҷ֮ԣжĿ΢΢˼һϹ˵ĵҲмֵ⸨ķҲûУҪѰǸķҪԼȥѰҡ
Ҷԣɫ΢΢һûʵǰ֪ҪȥδѰң
жԣϸ˺һΪп˵Ҳ֪ޣټƬ浮ʱʵ̫ԶˣбȻ֮أʹЩǧϹҲкܶ಻֪顣
Ҷԣвɵһݣǰǫˡ
ȱ˵˵꣡΢΢Ҷһۣж˵Ϊ̫࣬ǧʱ޾̬Ҳڲϵı仯ţһɼһɼ֣ʤԼĪǰżȻһϢϢҵһ󱲵˵Цʱ˵ġ
˵ҽ򼫶ңԶ֮һƬƾն֣Ƭ֮УһȺֵʿϰһֵԼ֮Ϊ𣡶еĸǾ֮պҪ޾񣬻ǰƬƬ򱻳֮Ϊ򣡡
Ҷж֮ԣ¶𾪵ɫٴʵϣղ˵һƬƾճ֣ô£
жԣ΢΢һЦⲻֵģȻ⵽ôһ£ӦƬǰʿǰΪĳЩ齫Լҵĵ̸ӡԲʿʼį˼ƿӡƬٶȴ޾ˡ
Ҷ˵ͷлһӡһƬǶôǿ
жԣЦŵСӻأЩһǽҪĸ޾ķ֪㣬һС֪һƬǿյ£Ե⣬Ϊǽܶ¡
ҶԣжʱһԼ֮ǰ̬ʱæͷлϽ̻壬Ҷܽˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 272 ׼Ҳر
Ҷ˵գжԵƬЩ棬ʵˣϣ˵˵ƬͻȻֵľɣ״ʲôط
жԣҡҡͷ̾ϢʵϣҲ֪ľ׵Ѿˣı仯֪ҲһЩ󱲵ӿԵģƬҵҲֻǺ˵˵ȴǲ֪
ҶЩɥ̾˿ޣβҵأ
㵽ߣײײԼǰ٤ȥǸ󱲣ʱӦҲܵõǸڣж˵
ȥߣǰ٤򣿡˵ţҶжʱ¶һֳɡ
ôʲô𣿡Ҷˣжɵüͷòϰ׵۳ǵҪһֱǱޣֱΪɰɣ
Ҷ棬Ҹ˵˼ǻǳΪãһУûм½̬ôһᱻؼġôڵؾ磬ɷɷûʲôֶΣôҪһްʱʮɷѨʱ䣬ܳܵ𣿣
Ҷԣжʱ𣬶ж֣صһ
½Ҷһηǰ֮ˣҲһηǰ֮ˣУҵ½ʱ䣬ҺĲҲԸģϽң
жˣĵĵͷ츳ûʲôý̵ģޣ㵱˼ˣô֮ţ
ж֮ԣҶ˼ĵ˵ͷлǰָ㣬ˣ
ҶˣжЦŰ˰֣˺ˣȻˣǾͻȥɣȥúõ׼׼ȥߣɲȥģ֮޵Σգ㻹Ƕ׼һЩƷΪã
ж˵ɣȡһעһЩѶϢ˵ŵ˵Ǹ󱲵ӵǿһЩϢţպõš
ҶԣҲûжȡУЦŵлϷģɫȻ磬ϿЩ̯ӣǻȥȾȥ
жԣ۾һУȾƿԣ˵ãľƻǺҵľƣ
ȻǺඣľͺҶڵԭ֮жʱһæЦˣҵģ˼ҵľƿ˰ɣ
⻹࣡жЦŵ

ڶ峿
е״̬֮ѹҶ治ɵĸпȾ£رǺЩͨơ
վڷ֮ǰߵĳҶлһ£΢΢һЦŰ׸ڶȥ
ΪжĴڣ԰׼ҶҶĴǷǳĸ߼ģЩ׼ҵĻҲ֪׼ҳһЩܵ˲ط׼һҶǹܶܵġ
һ·ͨްҶܿһƬСԺ֮С
СԺͬ˵СԺûлľûͤ¥ûмɽٲ̤СԺֻСԺ֮УһӵСݾһԣСԺУһ΢͵䳡
ȻǼΪս˲ŻĵСԺҶ΢΢һЦҶã֪սпгһ
С֮бĿİսҶĺ¶һ˿˷ܣվҪճϵĻֱó
ҶǰսЦŵţĳδԶӭȻʧˣ
Ȼֻ֪ǰսĿ֮ԣҶ滹ʵսˣοҶǰ߶ţҲﻹͷ״ӭӣ
սԣ΢΢㵣ҶֵܿˣҶֵ뵽ҵСϸ˵˵ɣ
Ҷԣڰս̤ӵСݡ
ªҹ¹ѣȴûʲôдģҶֵܼЦˣһЩϹսЩ˼˵
Ҷ汾ĺȲ۵Цŵ״ˣ״磬ҶˣȴҪͷ״磡
ˡõĺѣȻǰ׸ĺѣʲô£޷սЦŵ
Ҷսˣһϲ״磬ҪѰһķǱѰ٣Ҫһˣ֮Σ鲼Ҫа״紦һЩòŵĶһЩ֮ϾȻ׵Ǵһʱ䣬Ƕ׵ȴǲϤ
Ҷ滰û˵꣬սȻ˰֣ҶֵܲҿףҪȥĲرһˣһǰȥˣʱǿʲôֱԣҲ֪ǰ׼ҵĸ߲ǰ£أҪǼԸǷǰ׼һ飬ػǳġս˵ţѾЦ
ҶҲԵɣҲһЦ
˵˵ЦЦ㳯׼ҵĲرȥֻҶЩʣ֪սȻȥ׼ҵ׷ʲô
ţҶ治ɵÿʵ״磬ǰ׼ͻȻ˽ټ֪ʲôΣѣǷĻ˵Σ
սԣ룬ԾҲʲôܣԱ㽫շ˵˳
ҶԣǸпʿͻ֮գͻȻһ⡣ϸһ£Ҷ濪ʵ״磬һγҲûʲôضĿĵأǲһΣ
սԣһ㶣ϲɫĿҶ棬аţҶжĵӣжһ˻޷֪Ĵڣ쵤ΪǿжͬһεĴڣ߻ʶҲ˵
ţս϶ʱ¶ЦգҶֵʵǿԸҶֵܽУǰĳ֮õ飡
˵䣬ܿһɭϵĸ¥֮⡣
ߵſڣֻһһò˥ϵʿ΢۾ڴм䣬ƺڴ˯һ㡣Ҷ̤رһ˲䣬һޱǿͻȻ˵ڿն
˽ĶҶˣһѹŶˣƺʱҪŭһ㡣
ܵ˵עӣսʱֻҶ˵ͷɫǰ˵λϣ°սѩλ֮ȡ
ⳤ֮ľȻĵ˵ͷȴɽŶˣһŻ֪ԽѡԼҪƷǺˣҰ׼һپʮ֮ˣƺд˰ɡرҰ׼صأûһʵĽͣݹֱ飡
˵ţһɸǿٶȳŶѹȥ
ܵ⻤ϵѹȣҶ˽ƺһβɵĵ˵˲ر֮⡣
Ҷŭһһǿƶʱڿն
ȻҶҲ֪һԼͻˣҶҲ⻤ϵľֹ֪ⲢҶͻ޶ԣܵѹȣһҪ֪䣬ҲҪȷ˵Ҷıԡ
Ҷ澹ȻԼȥԿԼѾؾĳϣսжʱ󾪣æ⻤Ͽں𼱣жǰĵӣҰ׼ҵĹͣǧ򲻿ɵ
ԭҶ澹ҷҶ泹ѹĻðսһԣжʱһʱԼ£ͬʱһҶⳤҲһЩģҷǳжڰ׼˵Ǻεȵش
һ£ϵɫʱһ죬ȻΪתܵɡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 273 ·ɱ
Ϊ˼ԼǿϢܵԼɣҶжʱЩⲻȥϾ⻤ֻǰհ׼Ҽҹ£޴Լһ֮ȴ˼ҵļ㽾ᣬҶжʱһԼһԵĲо
ţҶ泯ׯصһ񣺡Ҷ֪ð˳ϣ볤Ͻ
ϼҶˣҲֻľȻĵ˵ͷҶӴδղŵһڷ֮£һССˣҶҲᣡֻǲ֪ҶӽͻȻҰ׼Ҳر֪ҶȻҰ׼ҹͣмǰơѩλϵ褣ϷǾԲҶӴرȡκƷģϷְڣҶӼ£
ҶҲգֻǵЦĿڵȻرƷǰ׼УҶĳȻκ죬ֻҶȷһЩ֮Ի볤ͨһΪˣҶԸһЩΪȡ
ԣ΢΢һЩֵ൱Ķȡô룬Ҳһ˹ءֻƷҪǵ֮еۼ۵һɣԹеĹأ֪ҶԸԸأ
ϾȻؼҹ棬Ҷжʱһ壬һЩԼôĶһֱ⣬ο׼ҶԼĶݣԽԼҵĶ˸׼ңҶǿһ㶼ۡ
Ҷж⣬ڵȻԹеĹأҶȻԸأ볤ȥ׼ҲرΣ
ҶӦԼҪϷ¶ЦգˣǱɣ
ʱ˸һڷľĴ֮С
ɢԼǿľӦ֮еһжЦŵ鵤ҩ㷨һЩϡŹ֣;챦Լȥѡɣ
ҶӦԼһһжӣҲ⣬Լûʲô뷨Ա֮Ĺ
ʱ仺ر֮лε˴ʱҶҲץ״Ķ
ıĺܶ࣬ҶһֱǶУδ׼ҲرִרŲرĵطһˣһȦΪǰ׼ҵĲر󣬾а׼ҵȡЩܱ߶רŵĽҶʱоԼǴǼʶҲҶ޾Խĺ
ţҶܿϵǰ
ҶѡԼҪȡƷˣҶеɫľȻʵ
Ȼ֮лиĺöҶȴҲ֪ԼҲǶôĸԣֻԼҪıѡԼ
Ŀ۴ҶصͳϷģҶܵõȻˣ
ԣҲ˵ȻˣҶӽȡıȡɣǼֵ൱Ҷӱɽеˣ
ҶԣҲֽԼϵһЩһЩԼѾõŵıͳͳȡ
ӵƷѣϾȻ˿⣬ץһö˵ΪӰڵƷãɵƿԪĶʮ֮һֵ
󲻴ҶӦץһɫСӣ΢΢˼ʯ˻ǣϧƷ̫ͣƿԪ֮һֵ
㣬ֻ赭дĽҶȡͳͳ˶ۣҼ۸񶨵òƫУҶĿɿڴ
ãһﶨ¼ֵϷ΢΢һֽʮɨ˳ҶӿɴЩȡƷҰ׼ƷΪ֪ҶΣ
ŶõģӦһҶǿһĿϡ
̤رҶһֻĸо
˰ɣҵһεӴϵʱҲǱһأҶϵľ֮ɫսЦŵ
ǰû뵽ǰ׼ҾȻôһλˣҴ˴λҪл״磬ԸĻԼҪıһʶҶп˵
ҶֵܲˣҴ֮㶯ǰ쵤ڣ㵹ʱɷȥսЦص
Ҷ룬ԼһˣʵҲûʲô׼ģЦŵԣû⣡
㣬һЩµԼԻȥ׼ȥˡ

֮󣬰׸Ժ֮С
ʱҶĿŰսԼŶݵĸ𡣶ǰ棬һҫŽâͣš
ʱսԼеĲ֮ѹ£תҶߡ
Ҷ֣һͬҪ֣ͬʹˡ
ҶһЦǺǣȻ
˵꣬Ҷ桢սһۣԾ֮С
ս۶ʱƿ޾ռ䣬ȻԤõķλȥ
ԶԶģƿȥԭһԵİƣѩʱֳ
˵սһܲƽܲؾתԪ鵤ɵʵ
֪Ҷսһͬǰϣܶģ𣿡ѩ΢΢һЦ˵
ԣ˵ͷһϣˣˣǻȥɣЩС֮һǰ׼еʲôһĸռ˶Ƶģ
ռˣΪǰ׼ռôõİλ˯𣿲ҳͷֻĻĶƣߣһǺÿģѩ¶һĨЦתȥ

֮ϣΪȥ쵤ǵ·Ѿ¼֮еڣԶ£衣
Ҷ淽¶Ĺ֮ɫս˵ĳôǵһҪ뿪򣬽һȥ;ңԶ˲еǣҶֵܼЦˡ
ҶԣҡҡͷЩп˵״ˣֻĽ״ˣҲԼˣֻǵ뿪ɲܻȥռð״㣬вɵԶļˣ
սԣжʱһŶû뵽ҶֵܾȻ飬Ҷֵܲ˵Ұ׼һ԰Ҷֵһ
ҶҡͷˣЩ²ҲգպʵߣԿתһУ
սˣ֪Ҷ֣ҲǿҶս֮
Ƕ˷˵û仰ͻȻоһƺԼλ˸һ㡣
Ҷ桢սоⷬ䣬ԭЩиʱ˫۳ǿܿȥʱԼҲ෽ȻһʸԼڼ
ͻȻⷬ󣬰սд󺧣һʱ侹Щסˣ֪Ӧԡ
ҶĥѣԼⷬȻҲǾȣٻǼʱ۵ʹֻԭƽصۼΪͻأһ𣬶󱬷һѤޱȵĽâ
䣡
ֻת˲֮ļʸײ۵Ļ۽â֮ϣһҵ𶯣۰Ȼӹ˱ǻʸֱӻƵˡ
սҲȻӴ֮лع
ʲôˣȻ͵Ϯǣ
ĶԶǻ󣬰սзѪ֮ɫг޾ķŭ
ս仯ҶһԵȲҪŭս֮ʱǧҪŭڱǻۣȻذɣ
սԣ׼ҳǰ룬жʱһ𣬶ȻǽĶǵ󣬿гѪ֮ɫȴȥ
лҶѣ֪ˣսһ䣬۷Ǹ󻺻Ȼưոݡ˵ҲǣսΪ׵ǰ׼һͷˣеİζ޷Ĩģ޶˱Ϯô֡
֮УһɫĶҶڵۣ֮ϣһ׵ǰ׼ҵı־ʮ۵ıעšԭ죬Ƕ޽ֶӣҲǸҶɱĵù޾ƵĶӡ
Ϊʱһ£ԸʮֹŹ֣Ůɫз磬ȴƫƫĸһּΪƫִ޾һͷ
ȻŹ֣츳ȴǷǳѾﵽľ硣
ǰЩʱΪͻͨ쵽ƿԲ뿪޾ƵһСû뵽޾Ϊ˶ӣ̰ҶıҶ淴ɱͻƹڵ֪޾ƱϢ֮ʱڼмҪ׵ǣֱӽҶնɱĳ嶯
Ǽγ嶯ȴ޽ֹˣΪ޽ȻҲǳɱҶ棬ȴӾж֪ǿ֣һֱסͷʱ
Σ򲻹޽ֻþȴʱֱ֮ǰӶ̰ڰ׸һڼл֪Ҷս٣ǾҪѰ޽һͬΪԼĸױʱȴ֪޽ȥϵԿ׼ȥˡ
챾ֻ丸׵飬޽Ȼûʱ䣬ǸɴԦԼ֮ǰ׼õҶѰ
Ҷ棡ҿʮأΪľǰ׳ưԽ򣬿쵰ȴƫƫҪɱҸףһҪɱ㣡˵ţ϶ʱ¶һɫʹķԭǽ޾Ǻ֮еʱҵĳҶڵײȥ
Ҿɱ㣬ҲҪͬھ


ʮһ ۷֮· 274 صĵˣ
ԭŭİսɵд󾪡
ӣֱһӣսȻŭȴûκεԥæʹ۳ԶɶɶȥϾսֻŭѣûľ͸һ֪νƴԼ
Ҷֵܣ˵ӵ˭ô޶˶˵ľˣһʹ۳ɶݣսһĻƵʵ
۾Ĺ۲ԼҶһĨǺܺõĸоڻص֪ǻСЩȽϺãȻϱȲۣ𱬷ȴģҿ˵磬²ôܰѵģ
սԣʱһŵɣããǺѵԼҲˣսĻո£ֻĸۺͻȻǿҵĹâȻޱȷײ˰ս֮ϡ
һ쳹ǿյġ¡۶ʱҵ
սʶԷʲôˣһˣҪͬھ
ҶҲȥ۳ᱻײƣʱ򣬱Ȼܾ˵ĳ档Ǹ֮е˲Ҫˣǿɲһȥ
ô죿սһŬʹȶۣһʵ
½Ҷ룬˵Ҽǵþ˴ԶĵطƺһȥʱѰһὫɱ߳ûӵ
սԣæŰƸͼ֮ϿȥʱҶԵǸһ˴ԼҪʱʱܵͼ֮ϣǸģǻҰɫģɫʺסһ൱ӣûбҪҪѡΪ½ص㡣
޺޵ĿǸӰ󣬰ս˵ͷãھȥʱһ֣˺Ǹ쵰ӣ
Ҷͷûٳ˵ֻǾĵϢԼԪ׼ӦҲܻᷢһ顣
ʱ仺תۼ䣬ǸѾҶ˵ǰ
һ·֮ϣǸȻҲѾҶеĴ㣬һһΣһθһηľٶƵƵʹҶ˲һ·֮ϣʱۣҶĴ㡣
䣡
һ죬Ҷ˶ʱɹ½֮һƬޱ޼ʵɭ֮С
ɹ½
Լ˼ƻĵһ˳ɹæ֮ҿٵĳԶš
ڸô죿սһ߼ǰУһ߿ʵ
Ҷһ߷Уһ߻ܵĻڻصһط׷ɱǵ˵˭һжˣкεΪ
ʱҶ˳ҵһΪصɽȶѨ
ɽȶѨ֮УæϢ󾲾һѶϢ
䣡
һ죬һʱƳգƬɭ֮
Ҷ棡С㲻Ǻ㲻һʮôˣΪʲôһս洫һŭ
һ̮ȻڷѰҶ档
صڶߵҶüͷʱԭҶ滹ΪѰսѰ׼ұģԼֻǱ޹ǣû뵽˾ȻѰԼģսǸǣ޹֮ˡ
뵽˴Ҷ治ɵĳŰսȥһǸ
սˣҡͷһԼȭͷʾԼ⣬ԸԼԸĪĳˡ
İսˣҶ΢΢һЦȴ˰֣Ӧ紫ѶϢϣԼͻĵܹԶȥԼ˺óûӵԶԶģʱ˳İˡ
ʵȴҶʧˣǸƺ׼ҶһΧһ㣬һֱȥǷĵһ㣬ֽ֮£ҹɫĽ
ʱҶҲԽԽ
ͻȻԭһֱİսͻȻɫһ壬һǿϢʱ
û˼ȥѯʰսΪλͻȻͷųԼϢҶȡؽɿն
Ҷ棡
ֳؽˣжʱǿҵķĺ⡣
Ҷ棬дȣе׳ǹƿռ䣬Ҷȥ
͵ĹҶһؽƿջԼҵľƿնʱԥĻʹ

һȻȥײĹϡ
ǣҶȴоԼͬܵشһ㣬жʱеһơҲֱʱҶĿ˵òʵ
˭
ȷʵЩˣҶȴǼǲԼôˡ
һߣֳƿձǹ죬ʱҲע⵽˵ʵԼõѶϢ˵ͨ죬ʵʵڵͨ졣
ȻԼƻеͬȴû˿ӰҶɱġ
ĿҶ棬бޱȳҵɱ⣬ԭݽıģת˲䣬֮УһʮɣͷѪǵħҶǰ
ǵɷޱݱطħ䣿˹ͨ죬ɷǿߣⷬ仰ҶԽͬʱҲǰ˵ʵһȷ
Ѫȶ̵ĿҶ棬еĳǹ𣬿ȣ߱һɱ꣡
ǹڣһ޾ɱ¾ϢĳǹεҶϢҰĳҶ֮ͱȥ
ӦԼǰŵϢҶ۾ĶǳԼɱĳǹҶԺ֮жʱһƬհףͻȻҶʱ֮һؽľ
һŭ飡
ҶеؽʱһףǸɱ¾ǹײȥ
¡
һײҶĿвɵһѪ˿
վԼ̫Ͱ
ипҶһͻȻԭ޶ɽ֮ͻȻһȡ
׵նħɣ
һȣԭҪûɱҶͻȻоͷһܵķδ֪ĽתӶǹӦԼΣ
䣡
ֻһغϣսʱҶߣ컹δӰս͵Ϯ֮лعҶԶݶȥع֮ʱս˵ȻнԶ
ŶݶߵΣвסŭ𣬶ٵĳŰս׷ɱȥٲȻһݵģ
һصɽ֮УҶྪĶš
ղźڰ״ˣҪȻҿΣˣ̾һҶ濪˵
սԣԴҡͷҶֵܻǱ˵ˣҪͻȻͷųԼϢҲڱ˸֣㲻òӲӲĽս
Ҷԣжʱһ棺ˣһ֪״֮ǰΪʲôͻȻͷųԼϢأ
֪ҸղֻһƣƺʲôĪϢӿ룬ԲͷųϢûԼ
ƣĪϢҶԣжʱһ󾲾ĸӦĻ仯
ʱ仺Ҷǽüͷȴմչƺʲôϲһ㡣
ջԼľҶһЦ״磬а취ԸǸһˣ


ʮһ ۷֮· 275 ɱ죬ջ񲻷
սҶ˵Լа취Ը죬жʱϲæʵǺΰ취ҶֵܿЩ˵
ҶһЦȡһīɫƿ
ǣƿսЩɵʵ
ƿ֮װһҺ壬ҺҺȴܾҵؼξҺҴǰ׼Ҳر⻻ȡ֮һҴԼΪ֮ʱĥ׵ı֮ǰĴȴֻˡ
˴޾ȴԼԼֻΪ̫ɢûʲôоʱߵ㣩֮ʱΪƵı仯мΪݵʱľۼʱ䣬ȻۼǶȴӰ첻ҪξҺʱ֮ʱ跨Ƿϣʱ˴ۼӦûܵΪǿӰ죬ʱٷһӦܹɱ
Ҷ˵ţ޾ɱ⡣
Ȼ֪ӵΪʲôôԼ𣬿ҶԴԼĵ˴йκεĴȻѾ⣬ҲͲĹУֻԹԵĻָԪ
ʱ佥ţܿϦ䣬ɭ֮Ҳı䶯
ӾҶȡ޻˳
޻ãò׳һˣԸ߸裬Ҷֿ죬æֽסĺХ֮

侲
Ϊ˼ĸźëҶаԼպǲҪཫųϾһֱ޻жںһܣȴǻҰԣҪ֪޵ʵںܴһҲܵ޵ıԵӰ졣
Ҷа֮ʱսҲӦֵĶʱѹ
Ҷֵܣ𣿡ݵĺսһĨĽ֮ɫ
ҵѪޣðսҶЦĺΪԺĵǴ˴ܷ˳ѣɻҪıˣ
Ҷ˵գ˫ָźͷ­ԼͼΪķʽݸ˺֮󣬺Ҷ棬ʾԼסҶˣŷĵĽװоҺĺɫƬצϡ
ץ˸ĺƿӣһʱɽȣƿն
ͻȻڿճ֣ȻҲע⣬ֻʵǷ̫ܵ㷺ˣԼ֮޳ûҲһֵ飬Ȼע⵽ĳ֣ȴû̫⡣
ǼˣɱŹҶ˶صɽ֮Уϸ
ʱתɭеԽԽء
ͻȻϸѰҶ˵ͻȻоͷ֮һһεεҺԼϡ
ͻı仯һΪԼ˰㣬̧ͷȥ֮ʱʱһֱԼͷйԼķ㡣
ֻ޾ȻôԼһŭ˼Լ״֮ʱֻܱѹͷŭ
ǣʱͻȻоԼ޾ԵԪһĳԼӿҲΪӿ̫ңһʱ䣬ʱΪԼԪ
ѵҵľͻƣΪͻӦԼı仯첻Ĳ²šĴһۣɽضʱеһ˿ϣ׼ӭԼΪͻơ
ĳصɽ֮Уɽ䱸ڵϣҶս˲ɵһҲ֪ʱ򻹲ǳʱ̣Զֻĵš
ͻȻԭϲɫ¶һ֮ɫԭȻȻҲԵԪɾҺ£ɭ֮иֲȫͬô಻ͬ͵ͬʱ֮Уʱԭ㴿ԪմȾʡ
Ӧݱ仯˼֮󣬱ҪֹͣԼͻƣҺһǿԵħ֮ֹֹģ
ˣ
ݱ仯Ҷ桢սת׷״һûκԥʹԼǿһС
䣡
䣡
һףһħâ
ͻɱⰻȻĹһ֮ʱȴɬķԼʱԪæʣһ޾ӿ룬һʱԼȻ޷ٱԪ
˻ŭһķɫȻκεķԼڵԪȫǰɫǹ֮УҶ治һеȻ
һǹ˵Ϊ͵һǹһǹһҶɱȥ
ӦⲻԼ֮еǿƷҶһ㶣¶Ȼ֮ɫԪӿдȣն

ǹҶٸлֱѣؽɶ
ӦԼжʧؽҶһֻ࣬þŲԼ㿪һ
ʱҶֻǰâһһ֮𣬶ԼؿһʹȻɳȥ
ԼûҲûˣ͵Ϯأ
ͷҶǿԼؿڵʹվһߣڷԼռһеʱûκεķ֮Ҷսֺϻ𣬻ǧѪƬ
Ҷֵܣû°ɣ
챻ԼɱսжʱһǳƵһæҶԣŵĿʵ
Ҷԣȴûش𣬶ǻߵԼղվŵĵطֻһѾ췽ŵһƣȻϳأĻ񽣣׺硣
׺ˡ
ѵıҶвɵЩᡣǵõԼϣ֮Ϊ쿴أµĸϣһ·֮ϣԼѣȴ³ҶжʱʹϧǺ齣֮һԼ⾹Ȼ׺ʹõģҶʱĸо
ҶճյĿеؽɫΪԾսеģٴοʵҶֵܣôˣ
ȵڶսѯʣҶѹصûʲôֻǱ٣Щܰˣ
սԣҶ飬ļοȷʵʮ㣬ǿ󣡲ҶֵܲܣϾⱦﲻ֮ҵȽһѣȻǴϲ֮ˣοʧȴȴԵõǷӵıǹҲԿˣ
Ҷԣеر֮ҡҡͷ״֪ⱦǰѰɱȣղ٣Ҷ淽ʹϧ
ĬƬ̣ҶһЦˣһôҲҪʲôջǣ
սԣʱЦԣҲǺȻҶֵܣҰ׼ҵƣɱҰ׼ҵۣǵ죬ϧ
ʱ˺ܿľͽϵˡ
һǿıǹһΪƵһں󷨵б䣬һױעɷǹؾ򣬻ظƵĵҩɣɡ֮УΪ۵ĲǱǹ󡢱䣬һöעŶģơ
Ƕ̵ˣ
еƣҶૻԼ׵һսʮλֵһĻ
ΣϴڵϮ󻹲ǱǰһԺˣսЦŵ
ҲǣˣһôʲôҶЦöС
ʱ˽ϵϷָɾҶõ˱ǹɷǹдָƵĵҩ
ԼջҶ桢սһЦٶ̤ǰ췱ǳ̡


ʮһ ۷֮· 276 췱
޾Ǻ֮Уһͷâ֮С
֮Уսüš
뿪׵Ȼµʱˣˣ˵һǸ֮⣬˵ó̵һ·ͨûг⡣
¹ȥˣҲǴ˵е췱֮⣬ǾʱԭƶͻȻͣ
ϸ飬սŷ֣ԭͼֻ췱ڣ쵤ǵ췱еһȴûϸıע
ˣͷˣȻûȷĵַԼȥѯʣȥѰҾˣðսס߶ҶΪͷ۵˵
սԣоһ˵ĶԣԼȥȥֻ⸽˵ѡһã
Ҷԣ˰սͼһۣһָɣŵˣ
ǾȥϿɡսҲû취ֻʹ۳Ǹ֪ȥ
һ֮һɽ֮ϣҶϲɫ½лֵ֪֮ϡ
ۣ߳սʱ쳤ХһһǸоվڴ֮ϸڰȻƽأվһֲ̤ʵĸо
Ҷԣ¶ͬɫǺǣҲôõģˣ߰ɣʲôطȻ㣡
ǾʱԶͻȻʮӰܿЩӰ˶˵ǰ
ۿȥֻʮʿɫĶҶˣЩ˵ͷࡢ£󶼻һֻݵޣϢʾǵΪͨ죬иһͨһССʿ
棬Ҷ治뵽ǰԦڣǸ˪Щ˵ļƵǺǸԦڵķ緶
Ҷ֮ʱͻȻֵʮʿУΪһʿɫĿڵǺˣĳҴСеģ
սʿʵԴǣжʱһ
뵽ԼҪټɲǰ׵ǣֻƵĽеĲϲѹ£ڻصǽ׵ǰ׼ҵĵӰսǶ˷Ÿո˴ֻΪǺ֮дľˣٶȻصϣипŷХ֮кð֮λѶ£
򣬰׵ǣ׼ң
İţʿһĨ֮ɫһ̰ľâٳԼߵʦֿһۣͦͦţץһֻȸޣǾͿҪɹʱȸȴĺХ֮Ŷˣ˵ôɣ
սԣʱһ㵣ԼֻûºХһȻͻǵĺ£δҲ̫˰ɣ
ս㶣ʿȴٶȿڵǻҺ£ҼͣҲǼƽô࣬ҵʧǻҪ⳥ҵģھͰǵ۸ɣ
ǺǣȻҪǿǵۣβֱԣĨǵģЦԭһֱĬҶͻȻһЦڵ
Ҷ֮ԣʤһɱ⣬ȷʵԶɽ֮в׽޵ģֻǺðսۼΪԱԼҵʦǰһаȻҲǼ£ȡİ˼ҶȻΪҲ죬ڼԼʦΪģȻҲûôĹǡ
ûҶˣʤԼߵ˿һۣЦŵλʦ֣ҸϾҪˣСȴ׵ﶼûбãͻȻ֪λʦֿɷסСһ֮ʱСܶȻڼҸǰΪλʦֱ
ʤ֮ԣԭɫʮλʿо¶һĶĹâ
ת˲䣬һʿЦſڵʦ˵ЦˣЩ˾ȸ͸⳥ǾΪѹʦܣԸ⳥ЩʦֵȻҪΪʦֹ
˴ڵĵ̣ʿһɫʿһһȵĳҶɱȻǶռͷ˼
ʿ֣ʿҲûԥʱҶɱȥ
Ҷ˼Щ˾ȻôеŭҲѹƲסҲЩһﵽʲôЩʲôĿɽֱȡԼʹԼǿʽʿɱȥ
ƿն
ЩʿǰҶֱӻӽƿնɱȥ
һȺСӣӷֻǲԸǻˣȴƫƫӺ۸ҲӰ׵ǰ׼ҵϣ
иУսĻԼĴ󵶣µޡʿɱһƬ
ҶͰսͣڵڶʿһ׷ʩչԼľУʹԼҵޣ͵Ĺһʱ䣬ɽ֮ϵĳʱʲô˶ڵС
ȻЩһΪȷʵզأ˶࣬һްæһʱ䣬Ҷ˶Щæҵĸо
оĲҶһЦֽ޻ϢĺųƷ׼ߣټȻͨصʵԷһЩԭƥ޶ʱһͣȴܵԺ塣
ܵԼ޵Ķڵĵӽһ𣬶뵽ԼȻǵҶ棬׷ڰԼùһ߰ʤһߵѪǿʹԼҵƴһʱ䣬ԭ޷׷ױһԽ͵ĳźɱȥ
仯Ҷ漴ȡԼƺãȴһֱδѪǽ
ݣݣ
ʱâʿȥֻһ棬ԭлڵʿѾͷ󾪣Щʿ׷ӣʼԶɢȥ
޶ܹҶЩŭ⣬Ըô׵ķЩߣοѽԹһɱ˸ɴࡣ
ţҶһԾסǽһ߻ʹؽ
ֻһ׹Ҫܵʿʱɺڽʿˣ׷׾һ֪սزӮɢӣӳȥպ󱨳
ǵͦãҶȴͬ⣬ֻҶһӣһƬâӿɢʮݣЩʿȥ

壬Щɢӵʿʱһƺߣֱ㶵ĵڵϣϢȫޡ
ʿЩ޽ǸȻԼҶ
㾪䣬ҶҲɵ̾ڹȻΪ֮˸
̾̾Ҷȴûκε顣
ֻҶеķһ䣬ʱǽȫչ֮ڣ׷ɣʮͷ޵϶ʱѪҺ磬ʱֲ䡣
Ҷֵܺǿı£
⼸ҶһɵĳɹսԼ¶ɫ
Ҷԣ΢΢һЦ״ˣֻǾԶ׼һЩֶΰˣҶ˵գ۾ĶԶ䱸ĺԶĵѲһΣ
ҶĿȻȴؽȻһԴУҪɱȥģ


ʮһ ۷֮· 277 ǣҩ
ԭȻİսҶ֮ԣʱ󾪣ɢԼԼģսҲӦԶʤǳֵĵطƺһǱš
䣡
ûκԥֱָһǿҵսӰսϱ
ոһս綼ҶˣսȻ˵ȴʵЩζ֣սʱĵҪչһԼı¡
οЦһԶԼѾصĺˣû뵽ȻǱɫʿˡ΢΢һ£ԶԼı£ҪûܵĻ³ɹʻ̫͡
ûа취ԶԾĳҶ˶ȥ
ֵʿսʱоһɥΪԶֻһʿԼ͵ĽԶһϣҲֲı
Զλǰ֪սеľɥľĿҶһۣԶĳŶһ
ԶˣҶԭŵüͷҲɵ΢΢ɿ
ԶҲڵģôô˵뷽ЩһඣϸϸĴԶһۣҶ濪ʵ
ԶԣζʱһæֵǵģȻҲڵģʤȴûʲô飡ֻһͨŵӣֻǰЩʱżȻѰ޵ʤˣ˽֮ģŸЩǰĺҪЩˣû룬ʤȻͼǰıԲⷬ飡
Ҷգÿɷĵ˵ͷܿһۣһ֮⣺Ȼ˵ĺվ֪ǵĵϸ㲻һΣ޹ҵҲǷɱ㲻ɣǳ˴в಻֮ΪɣһһЩԵ
Զԣɫʱһ࣬ԶĲںʲôԵԵģԶ֮ԶⳡǷǣưɲѡԶֻÿЦŵͷ
ԶʵʵĵͷӦҶ΢΢һЦҲԶʲô飬ֱһԶĽס
ͻԶʱ󾪡
ǰǰҲǡ
ҶҲԶ˵꣬һЦĪҪ죬ֻδǳ֦ڣʵʵģȻʲô⣡
Ҷô˵Զһʱ͡
ԶʶȤҶĵ˵ͷȳһ쫷磬ֳսۼ׵ɾȻԶԶȥ
ҶսԶԼĪһʱҵһΪƧɽȡ
ɽȷһܣҶ˽ɽ֮С
ǰɫҶ棬ԶһǰʲôҪʵ𣿡
µԶҶ΢΢һЦ㲻ýţֻǲ֦ڷŽˣȸҽһǸڰɣҲ֪ͣԶһЩ鶼Ǻ
Զԣæ͵ǣΨһɡ
ãԶԣҶ淽֪ԼղִһСĻԭһǳĵ򣬿ԼĪһǧǰһ֮Ϊɵ۷ʿϡ
Ҫ˵ҲһԴ˱ʿֻΪҪһԼ̳ԼһѧĪΰӲѹϵޣϹ滮һ̣֮ϴڡ
ڴںշתѡʮӣԴѧʮ档ʱתҲµร󣬲ϵطչ׳󡣵ȻΪһһɣԴ
ҲһȽصɣʿȫԼĻޣивóޣʹ޵ĸˣԦЩ񣬿ģȴԶԶνԦܱġҶڵĵɱôڵĵӣǴȥҶǧҲֻˡ
ţҶ濴ԶҲ΢Ĵһɱ⡣
оҶǴɱԶæǰҾԲҽ֮ȥģ
ΪʲôҶ۾ĶԶ
ΪǸʤʤڳڰΨһĶӣڰǳĻԵĿʤǰ֮ȴûгڰ֪֮£ǰΣһŵǱɵģԶæڻص
ҶԣһԼѾԼµһкۼˣ΢΢˿ʱԭһֱĬİսͻȻʵ֪쵤ںδ
Զ΢΢һ㶣΢ЦŵǰҪǰ쵤ǲμ쵤ڵҩ䣿
սԣüͷŭʲôҩ䣡ֻ֪֪쵤ǵλðˣʲôϻ
ðսзŭļԶʱһţңҲ֪ǰҪǰ쵤ǵһҪ쵤йصͼʮֻҪλǰһĴۣÿһ󶼿ֱӽǰ͵쵤ǣݣ
ɻҶ桢սͬʱʵ
Ҷ˱ӵ飬Զ˲췱֮ˣæڽ͵ﲻԶеͼ
ղᵽҩʲôҶͻȻʵ
ҩ쵤쵤ڰŵһʢᣬ쵤һأҩ԰˵ҩ԰֮ҩΪ츣ʿ쵤ÿ궼Ὣҩ԰һΣֻҪΪʿڽһŷ֮вҩһοپʮǰҲ˵֮ҩ԰ٶȴ򿪵ʱˡ
ҩ԰ʱȻʿӵ룬Щʿ֮ʱ쵤϶ȻǼ¼ΪȫҩҩʱЩʿ쵤ڰŵĵطȡԼ裬Ҳ˵ҩˡ
ܣҶչҩѶϢҡͷ˵ҩ԰쵤ڵ˽λ޶˶˵Ľ֮츣ʿ˵ͨģ
ԶԲɵĿЦ˵ЩϢЩʿ䴫ķзˣǰĲţһ£ʱȻһжǰģ
Ҷڰ֣Ҳ˵ƭǣǾбȻЩ㷽û˵ء
Ҷ˵˴΢΢һ٣ҡҡͷֽȥԶϵĽ˵ЩʲôˣҪʵ鶼ˣ㻹ʵϣǱ㲻Ϊ㣬ǵĵͼ߰ɣ
Զԣʱϲæȡһ˵ǵĵͼ
ȡУҶ潫΢΢뵽֮Уʱһģͣģ֮ϱעϱȽص㣬ڣʮǣɭȵȡ
ģͣҶ淽¶ЦݣȡһӸˣˣ߰ɣΪѹ֮ɣպСЩǧҪ֮©ȥ
ԶСĽҶеһ˿ů⣬ֻһССı΢ʿҶȴǸ߸ϵǰԼȻ˺һЩͷܵõöԶ˵ȴǴֵõġ
Զᶨĵ˵ͷĳҶһתȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 278 ȸǴ
յͼϵʾһλھ벻Զȸڡ
ȸʮ֮һŴ˵ȸڴ˴ֻҪﵮ޶лȸͨվֻǴţһǧʱ䣬Լﵮȸͨȴһֻûе
Ǽˣר˵޵ʿԴԴΪʵ֤ﵮȻûȸͨǸ俿Զһȱ졣
֪һ죬ôù㣬ôһļǿ޵ͨ졣
ҶͰսȸǿĴ֮ϣ߲ʱһθޣҶг˸п뵱ڽ֮ʱԼֻһʱΧۣӵһôһ㣬ʹԼò޻ȦС
ۿȥ֮ϣֻҪͨʿһֻްиǲֻ಻ͬ޵ʿɴҲɼڵı¡
⽵ҰԵΪս豾һѶȼߵ飬鵽ڵȴ練һ㡣
ипţҶ˺ܿһĹ㳡֮ϡʱ㳡ֺ֮ģƺʲôһ㡣һΪԼʿɫսһԣסɨˡ
ɻҶ桢ս˶һۣߵһΪԼͨ󺺿ʵλ磬Ƿʲô飬ôֺģ
ԣ΢΢Ҷһۣö˽ͨʿһ⣬ڵҲҪʹôİɣϧˣ˵飬⴫ʱ޷ʹˣ
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ҶԣһݣЦŵ³лֱ˵ǣҶ棬λҵĺѰս³ֱҶɣ


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սԣжʱһâȻսҲϣЩȥ쵤ǣȡǾתԪҽμԼ˴ʱ䲻뿪ܳûõһֻްҲһˡ
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ʮһ ۷֮· 280 Ѫʯ
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ʮһ ۷֮· 281 ³
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Ҷֵܣȥ׷ɱ³գԸսʱҲԶȻʧ³գٿƴҶľдһžնȥ

ܵİԵޱȵĵܵĽҶһߣתӦս
ٺ٣Сߣ˾ȻҺŪǣұն㣡ʶ˲սдʱ޾ŭֻ³ѾҶȥ׷ɱˣ԰սֻýԼеŭйϡ
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Щ֮ƣҶһЦԼ䣬˺֮
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ЦĴ˺һ£ҶǸֵİսʱһԾϣߣصղ
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ҶԣЦЦѪʯͱǸվԳ޻ҪȻҪʲôҽץЩֵֻѪʯһʱ͸ǣ
սԣȻûͷһۣʵȥĶ
سǣǽγĿȻﵽ֮ҲˣǻȥţҶЦŵ


ʮһ ۷֮· 282 ˸
ȸУҶ桢ս˿ٵĴš
ͻȻһ֮ǰԭߵҶ֮䱸ͣ
ȸϡŹֵ޶ǣԶ֮ǰҲ˼Ī̡ӦԵЧȽϣǷ֣δ֪ΣգƵĽ䱸¶Ҫõö࣬ΪȸֺΣգҴǳĻ
㣬һֳؽһ˽սɫµľţĬĴܵĻԤ֮ҲֻӴˡģ֮ԽԽ죬Ұһ֮ƺһٱܵ
ܿ죬һӰҶ˵֮С˵ӰֻΪһһٱܵ˱ڻС
ܣкܶĶޣ
ҲǿҶ˴վţǸȻ׷ϵʿæѵ
ʱҶҲȻܹǱŵʿˡȻʿȥȻжʮˣ۵ȴ˲ɵĲһֻ֡һµСޡ뷨
ʿѣҶȴһЦжʱ󶨡
ΪⶾֻһһƷޣ֮Կ£ǵ࣬Ҷǽ֣ȺȻһĿơ
һ·սҶֶҲǷǳ˽⣬֮ʱȻԼˣʱһЩøУǺǣްˣСֵĪ
ðս֮ԣһɣ뵽ԼһޣȴûףٶȿѣλǰҪ⣬Ķ֮
⻰˵ӦԼϢ˥ļˣжʱһֺ֮УͻȻֵλҲȾܡ
żٶȶʱȻӿһЩ
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ҶԣжʱһȻнֻ֣޵Ӧһǿѹ
κεĴ⣬ҶȡǽɫɭϵĿڵ״磬ԼСһЩ̫֮࣬»һЩ©ģ
սԣ˵ͷ֪ˣԼҲСһЩǲУҲҪǿţǿͻΧȥˣ
Ҷԣ˵ͷΪӦ̤ǰһл߰ѱʱɢâ֮ڳƣޡ
ԭĹҶڿжʱϲ֪Լһˡ
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սʱ󾪣һɺʱӿļ䣬ֻеǰȻǶѴĺʱ䣬ֻڶһ㽫ԼעеһֻֻĶϡ
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ӿ뽣ҶʱɫһûԥҶֱʹ󣬷ǿĹơһʱ䣬֮н˷ӿһǿ֮ʱڿն
֮Уٶֻ޲ϵĳҶĽһӴѹʱݵҶϡ
ҶֵܣĪҪǿţЩҺΪֵһҶݣսæĵĿ˵
΢΢˼ģҶܿ˾з仯ԭȱĽʱ¶һССŸոճ֣ת˲ʮֻ
ݱ仯Ҷһٱ䣬æָƽеĶһֻֻҪԽĶһһɱһߣҶ©ʮֻ䣬ս˷ܵĻʹԼҵľУһһɱŶ䡣
׵۽ĺԷ䣬ҷ
İǰȻǿı£һϲ뵽ԼϢϱļˣжʱһ
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ҧҧȡһƵҩ״õģΣʱҲϸ׵ĶƵҩιܿĿС
鵤һڣܿɫĻתһںڵĹâۿɼٶȳܿĿڱȥϽĻָĺ󡣰ԭԲѵܿͻȻ˶ëӻоѹ
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һѪܿнĻָЩ⡣
ܿѪдϲȻ²ãǺôҲ쵤ڵЩĿȾڵʦβһȴмġѪѳⶾȻǽ⿪ˡ
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һãֻʲôطҼǵǡոմӻܿԺʵ
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Ź㣬սһЦʱԽĻս
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СֵܵӲСֻһ͸ȸ֣ѵ𣿡̲סеĺ棬սһ߿ٵıţһ߿ʵ
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ŶôôĶޣǿǶǵĴڣ𷽲ٶֻӿĳսµʵ
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ҶͰսѾǹӦöŮ˼ʱŮΪ˵ﻹ֪ԷӦ£ʱЦ


ʮһ ۷֮· 283 ҩ԰
ʰһ£˺ܿľʹȸ֡
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Ǿʱܿȴ㿴ʦ壬ʦǣȥڵĸǣ
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Ȼ⵽ôһ£Ź֮ԣƺ׷ɱԼġ
Ҷ桢ս˶һۣҶ濪ʵСֵܣЩʦ壿ǡ
ҶѯʣԼ֪˵æǸһЦڵˣ֪λǰγƺأ쵤ڵĹλҵδʿܿ˴ζλǰȣǸм
쵤ڹ쵤ڵƺҲչȣѵԣʱһ
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⻰ҶͰսһ㶣ϲսиǲɵ૵̤Ьٴȫѹ򰡣
Űս֮ԣΪɻĿ˰սһۣʵ֪ǰԺ⣿
սԣʱ֪ԼȴЩʧ̬ˣ֮¹ϵԼ壬԰ս˿иֻսĳŹһ񣬵ֵܣҪȥ쵤
ԣжʱ˼ʵλǰſνǾǵҷŻαλǰأǰкҪģֱԣֻҪܹһѣ
սԣʱϲֵ֪ǱǽʿֻΪгˣԲ췱ҹ鵤
ԣϿҵ˵ԭҪ鵤ǺǣСһ֪ǰҪʲôҩʦǷУУҶȻȡλǰ
սһϲǾתԪ鵤󣬶ʱüͷɫΪ˼˵Ҫ󹺹ڵġתԪ鵤ֵ֪ܿɷæ
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ԭһЦĹɫʱһͣȻ쵤ڵ쵤ڿɲǼҵģԶתԪ鵤֮ĴڲûжķȨ
˼ϵЦգɫڵǰӦ֪תԪ鵤Ҳұ֤ΪǰȡԸ⾡һԣ
սԣжʱһȻ鵤֮»δܳɣѾüĿĴڣǰԼͰ͵ǰ쵤Ҫˡ
սЦŵֵԸæǾѾмˣ
ڰֵȻǰҪתԪ鵤ôһͬתΣ
սԣҶһۣҶû飬æӦ
˵䣬ԶʦȻΪǰ
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ս˼ˣȻͷӦʣ쵤ڵĶҡڵڴİ뿪ǣ쵤ǡ

֮쵤һƫ֮УҶĵȴš
Ҷֵܣ˵ܲǾתԪ鵤սҶʵ
Լ۹ΧıڻջأҶƲ˰սһۣ״ôˣ״֮ǰǺŵ
սԣԼ֮ʱĺʱεЦЦҲΪǰ׼ҵܴ˭֪
ҶԣҡҡͷҲ֪ˣΣ״ֻҪͺˣοǰ׼ҵĳôӦúϣİɣ
սԣжʱһ󾲾ĵȴ쵤ĽӼ
ԼĪһʱ֮󣬰һŲһɫϵ˽
λ֮ϣ쵤ڵ躲һԲĴҶˣв֪ʲôվڹ躲ɫΪȻء
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һսվǰ಻סԼеڵǡ
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躲ҡҡͷЩ˼ĵȻǸлǶľ֮תԪ鵤Ǳĳ಻׶ãֻܶλС˵һǸˣ
սԣɫʱһһҰ׼Ը⸶߰ĵѣ
躲ſЦҡͷⲻЩ⣡
ʲô⣿ԭһֱĬԵҶͻȻʵ
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Ҷù躲֮ԣüͷ֮⣬ѵһ취û𣿡
躲ԣ룺ûа취ֻһ취Ҳһ·
ʲô취ûں躲ŵ·֮ԣҶüʵ
֪λСѿ֪쵤һ֮󼴽ŵҩ԰躲Ųʵ
Ҷ˶һۣص֪һЩֻǲ֪ʲôϵ
躲ЦŵУҪȡþתԭ鵤ôһ;ǽҩ԰ɵһҩ˾Ϳҩȡ鵤
ҩ԰ҩù躲֮ԣҶʱ૵
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Ҷԣ˳Ĭ֮СϾ¹غԲܹЦġ
ãսͻȻվѣΪ׼ҶɣԵ³еȻһҪҩܻȡ鵤ôսԸУһ
ŰսǼᶨݣҶҲվȻҪȥҲһȥɣ
躲ԣ¶Ц⣺ȻǾˣԻǽ鰲źãˣһ£ˣ㸺дλСѰɣ


ʮһ ۷֮· 284¶ϻ㣬ҩƿ
˵껰Ҫȥֱ뿪ˡƫ֮жʱһֹļž֮С
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ҶԣҲЦοҲûʲôϣֻҪԣܲɵҩôҲһܹԲ
ԣ̾ϢһȻλˣҲͲȰˣֻΣ֮Ķ࣬ϣλʱܹСһЩ
˵ţȡһСӣλǰⴢװı֮ǰҵҩƶɵ鵤λǰպã
Ҷԣо̬Щ֣ǺܿԼܹŵҩ˾ȡУ̽Уʱڷŵ鵤
üͷ΢壬Ҷǲ̫ˣ
ԣæҡͷ࣬쵤ؾԳɵҪһЩ
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ԣæҡͷǵģûʲôҪͷλǰֻǡֹģðսҶ棬üͷ
ߣս֪ΪΣȻһ
ˣһΪսʲôϲ֮æʵôˣǰʲô֮
սɫµĵ˵ͷڹľпڵǶ˳ƺΪֵܡȴһֱƺΪǰǲ׵
ԭֵҶԣʱȻ
ԣҲһ㶣Цǰ״磬иҩʢǰҪҪȥμӣ˳һ쵤ڵķɣ
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սǳģ뵽ҩ԰Żһʱ䣬ȻӦʢᣬȻҪμӵģҳΪľǶǼʶлᣬȻҪμӵģ
Ҷ汾뿪һͬǰɾʱԺǧҶ棬ҺȻо︽һϤҿֲϢȥ̽һ£˵ʲôջʲôʢ䣬Сӵ⣬ֵǰ
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ǧѣҶȻֱӾܾˡҶЦſڵȥμӰɡ⼸ǡ򣬳ҩ԰ûп֮ǰúһ˼·
ȻˣͲҶϢˡ⡭ԵҲûʲô⣬ŴӻȡöݸҶͰսö¼췱һЩѶϢλֳõš
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ȡҶ룬ڵǹֵûʲô£һʹҩ԰¡Ƕҩ԰һĨڣʲô֪óȻȥ׶༪١⣬νҩǶҲָ֪ʲôҩġʲôֵܷĻɷϸ˵˵
ȴ¶֮ɫڨڨСܲλֳʵСԼҲûнҩ԰
ûнҩ԰ҶͰս˶ǾȷǷΪ쵤ڵȻûнҩ԰طǶôأ
ƺҶͰսľȣæŽ͵ҩ԰쵤ڵĽأΪؾϵʿǲڵġڵΪ
ҶͰս׹ԭˡ
ּȻ˵ǣʵΪǵؾʿҩ԰׶༪ٵġ쵤ڵĵӣʵѾٽҩ԰ˡ
սʱüʵţǲҩ԰ҩҪĲҩεõ
һ̾Ϣ״˵Ĳҩ԰вٲҩ쵤ЩƵҩģһžֻЩҩ԰˽нסΪȡꡣλֳ˴ҪһöתԪ鵤Ҫϻö鵤
ҶͰս˵бЩȻ
쵤ʶҩ԰еΣգԼǰժҩģʧĴ󣬻ˣΪԼһҩЩ쵤ڣҲսһйϵ׽˻ҪҩҽΣ˲Σաһ쵤ڸСĴۣ͵õҩ԰ҩǺơ
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Ȼ뵽ʲôڵˡλֳҪȥժϻĻ»Ҫһ
ʲôҶͰսͬʵ
˵ҩƿ
üͷһ壬սʵʲô֣ƺӦרѼҩõġĪǣϻѼر鷳
ǵġЦϻҩ԰һأԪУһ˸޷Ӧֻʿƾ豾ԪֵһϻǡǡԪۼ̬֮仯γɵһȻǲҩģǸʵ塣ֻҩƿȥѼ
꣬Ҷ˳˼
ϻ㣬ȻɴԪɵģʵǷ˼Ҫ֪Ԫ֮ϣΪԪһ˵ÿһֶԪԪռЩ֣ռֻǣҩ԰еԪȻŨʵĵز
ֻǱΪڣɽڡ
Щ꣬ҶΪ𽥱ǿ۽֪ʶ棬ҲǿѾ֪֮󣬲ȫʧÿ˵ǿһ꣬ΪԪĳֱɢʧؼ䡣ҪǿģлͨͨգȻɽνġڤ硱
ףȻˣǿ㹻ĻпѾͨɽڤ硣ֻҪΪǿܹƿɽķӡʥڤ磬Ѱ׵ꡣ
ҩ԰֮Ի˵֮س֣ΪħʴۼγɵҪ֪ħ˻մȾһеĻҵγɵġħ࣬ɱ¾֮⡣һʿǾͨ깥򣬺ǡ귽оʹΪﵽʮؾһҲ˵Լͨꡣ
Ҷ˼ͻңսûзҶı仯뷨ܼ򵥣ȻҪҩƿôǾȥҩƿֱԲ䣬ʹֵܣȻҩƿأа취ҵҩƿɣ
ȴҡͷҰﲻǡΪⶫǽֹҩ԰ġ˶٣սɫޱߣȴЦǿʯҩ԰еĻɽȸ˹򡣡


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һʼ˲ܶ࣬ǣŽеԽԽࡣģɽھͻγɻĹϵڳһиֽ׵Ĵڡ
ܹԵôҾͿԲóɽˡҩ԰еõҩģƣõҩΪģͻγԸϵͻ쵤ڵĿơеҩƿžǻɽڳƷܽ͵ͨΪʲôΪ쵤Ĺ㲻Ķ
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ĪһȴҶͰսоˣƺǹԼ˴׬һʵġ
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뵱꣬ҲΪĸ׺СܹϺӣŷͼǿƴ
ľǿ飬Ҷ·𿴵˺ܶǰԼ
ڶʲôҪǣУǸŮðɡܵأȻôǣΪʲô㻹ҪأҪ֪ǿɲʲôˡ
Ǹкɫ¶һ˿ǣͰֵȥһޱȵı飬Ҹղڽľ԰λûйҩ˼Ҳ²⣬λһǸոɽȣԲȱҩ⣬ǰ˵λ˵ʵѾؾ۷壬Ҳǵطġ
ôʣµΨһܣλȱĳֲҩҩ԰ժġĻֲҩһǼΪϡ٣˵ֻҩ԰ӵСȻĻԳĪλ̬˵˵쵤еĻһλΪѣҩ԰ժţĻҲ²⣬λҩ԰Ӧժϻİɣ
ȻԼǳǣԾɷǳ۾ϸĿҶͰսӡ
Ҷɫûʲô仯һǣ˰սɫһ˿ȣв㻶
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Ҷ濴ı飬оǳȤЦе˵µòȻܹµЩҪ˵ĻһϻйˣôҲһ˵Ļɡ
ҶһָȣժϻҪһҩƿҩƿǻɽеʯģԵݣҲġȻǣôһҩƿ
΢΢˵ͷʾͬ⡣
ҶһЦָڶҩ԰޷ֲڲͬطǳէ϶֪ǰˮϲժϻʱһ޵·һȫ·м̫ˡ⣬һһնλͼ
ٴεͷѾ¶һ˿𾪡û뵽ԷȻôİ뷨ʲôԷȫ֪ʵ̫ˡ
ѾҶǰŪԼСˣЦ⡣
Ҷȴָͷ˵ҩ԰еĶĹΣ㣬ǲ֪϶ĺܡ⣬ħϢһǣҲܾ
ԷǿԼ˼һ㣬Լд㶼˵˳꼸ѾǵʱҶ˵ܾĸֵʱʶʲôֻһ㶣Ϳϲ
Լ֣һ߻ҶƱȻȻֻҪҵҩƿնλͼЩ޵ϢҾԲȻûнҩ԰Ѿסʮˣҩ԰Щ޵͹ֶΣȴĺܡ
սȴһüͷҶӣСӿտ˵׻㲻ɣ
ҶЦЦ٣ҩƿնλͼҪġһɡǲȱٵҩǶǸŮԣŵҩܸıǵˡ
սĬһͷðɣġ
˵ţսӻͳһһģʱһװžԪĵҩƿӡ
һƿԪоԪһٿšÿһžԪܹһ졣ʿ˵һٿžԪ㹻ˡ
û뵽սҶȻ˴󷽣óһƿԪﳢů֪ʿ֮ĹϵΪĮؽϡԭ뷨ֻܹõžԪԼõʵܹٽһͺá
һƿԪʿ˵㲻ʲôǶʿ˵ȴı
ʱ˫ͨ죬ŰսľԪЩߡ
սģҲһ˿дֻǣɫȴ䵭˵ҩƿնλͼ͵ϢĵطһƿԪˣǵãҪȻҿɱ׼ȸ˽ˡ
ս˵꣬һʧ˷ɳ֮Уðսһ
Сӣܵô죿һ׷ʲôطô൤ҩʯĵҩʯôϡȱύһЩʵõķ͹ޣɾͿˡ
ʱ򣬺ܶ˸ոմӽľ԰ҲҪȥǽ׷УҶͰս˼ˣҵǸС
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Ҷȥطǽľ԰ɾͻ߶ˣǰֻϡϡļᲱڷɳ֮Уҡڣʱһղ˼ɾľɫĴͬ
Ჱĵ£һ޴ʯͷݣɫдšʯ׷С
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ͻȻֱ˶סĸоҶǱ¶һ˿Цݣô˶ſˣ򿪴Żӭ
˵ЦˣūĶѽ
һ˿欸ĵ󣬴Ż򿪣ҶͰս˽󣬲ŷ֣ĸˣȻһĵŮˡ
ţŮйŹ֡Ҷüͷһ壬Ů˸һַǳΣյĸоңϵϢһʿӵеġŮ˿ţܾûڡȵŮԶˣָоʧˡ
ҶԱߣսǸŮ˵ıӰ˸Ů˾Ȼħߡղŵ棬ͶһֲԾɽȻǹҵġԸҪٳˣ


ʮһ ۷֮· 289̫Һ
ҶҲоһε쵤֮ЩʱѾߵͷȻǰжôΣգҲֻԼľԣСĽһЩ
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ڷ֮д
սȽƫҶҪһ׵鷨ᡣ˱һսǷֿȥԼҪĶԼһʱ֮ſڻϡ
Ҷһ·ߣһ·Աȥó׵Ʒ϶һЩƣǽˣŻȫʾڱǰЩֺܣҶ浹ܲ²Щĺû
Ҷ޵ˮϵԪĹֶȴ漰׷ˮϵԪǿ֮ڻָٶȿ죬Ԫ񣬶׷ԹǿٶȿơˮϵԪΪ׷ΪֶΡҶʽǷǳȷġˮϵԪӴ֧ϵ޴
ҶҲԼͷ۵¡ǾԴӽԺĹֶβʱӦ֡Ҫԭʿ֮սǷ֮ĶԿǵ似Կ
δ֮ǰڽһ;ߣؽЩһ֮󣬾ͻû֮ˡ⼸꣬սҲһֱֶΣͨƣͨɷԷԿΪĹֶ̫١Ȼǽɱǲؼʱ̣ҶҲԸóʹá
һ̯λ֮ǰѡƷȻҶüͷһһжǰ֮΢΢Щȡ
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ʿƿԪСĵսԼĴָ֮󣬲Żشⶫҩ԰һϼ񵽵ġҲ֪˭µġĸʿµİɣ
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ⶫĳʿϵģôӦôǸʿĴָ֮Уôܻҩ԰Ļϣ
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ȰսҶҲû¶ʲô쳣ֻģȥ֮ǰҩƿնλͼȷһ¡ԼҪȥһ׵
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ҶϵһĽ鼮ǧ֪ǾҶҪԼĶ
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ʮһ ۷֮· 290³裡
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Щ׹⻥ײںϣͣط̡Ϊ񱩣ҲΪҪ׵֮裬Ҫ׵Ԫα䣬ûˮһһŸ߱衣
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һų裬˿ѷɫҶǻʥеõɷסңٶԸħʱױȵǿ󣬼ֱЩħĿǡ
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Ȼֻһûƿغãźò裬ֱӱˡ
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ԹǿƣؽĽӦƣӦþ߱һǰİԵ
ԣ費Ӧֱ۶ɣӦնһɶԪӡһΪᣬ۶ɡ谴ؼԣӦоԪӣܷӳȫ
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ʱҶͰս˲仯Ϊݹ⣬ҩ԰һƴŷȥ
ȵǰʱѾʿˡҲڻˣҲĴæûиϤĻԼãֻϺӽҩ԰
ҩ԰ޱȣһȻӦˡһȻٺò
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ĪѾ쵤һˣҲ֪ʲô£ȻĪԳ
Īҩ԰µѩĻƺҪĪǰɣĪؾ۷ˣҩ԰ͻΪǻƽƣħƿӡԨ֮ܳģ
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ʲôĪӣؾΪȻôҶЩＸ˽̸ݣƺ˶Īӡ
Ů˺𣿡ҶԶжĪӣҲһЩ档
Ҷ΢΢ƫƫԴߴȺķ϶䴩أһλŰȹŮΡŮ߽ΧȺ·ʯͷͶٵɢΪŮÿһ
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ҶĿŮתתͣһĺɵ֮ϣһĳȻûгʣȴҶһ˿ɵɢĺС
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ҶͰսһۣҲΪݹ⣬Ⱥʿ֮Уҩ԰


ʮһ ۷֮· 291յҩ԰
һҩ԰ѾöʿɢˣԳŲͬķȥ
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㲻˵ҶЩֵĿһ۰սӹϢԼĻС
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ʱλΪĪӵҲ̧˫Ŀڹۿܵ
䣬˵ڿжݵĽӣѸٵıִҶ濴µϣ֪ʱմȾһ˿ӲݵɫҺΣʱϸϸáüĿ䣬΢΢ƺӰ顣
Ů¶ģΧһЩӶʱְѻѾغõݳı⣬Ҳ֪Լ˵־ٶӭĿ²ǽܣϵǰ³
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˽̸һᣬӺȻҪŮȥϵգǣǺॡһĪȴǰγĿޱȣ㶯һ£Ųţɱ㣿
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ɫ࣬һӣ˴ȵ޳Ҫˣȡһʱ߳Ƭɭ֡
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·ǻƽ޳ӿʱǸպôƬɭ֣ûֲֿȴһûо飬ֱӱǿ񱩵һС
ǰսľ޴󶯾ʹʮҲ׸ܵսĲҡȻû޳ɳ˸ոƬɭ֮ҩ԰ڵĿֲչҶǰ
СģȺߵޡȻЩ޵࣬ʵҲǿǣֹĪ⹥ַȴһʿԵֵ
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ȻһڵӰȻӵϴٶȿҶ۾ûп
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ܵȴзľٶǱøСطһųΪǣطȴǵΪΪǵҪĿҩսʱЩս»أһ޹
ҶľΪһ㣬ǿȻҲߡע˽֮ȻҲ״ЩڲݴеҶӽʱЩڻʲôвһֵɢ
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ҶָŵҲû˵ע⣬Ϊʱ򣬴Ҷڻߡָ֣ŵ棬ڵһʱҲ޿ɺǡ
ȻѾǳˣȻܲҩ԰֮УҪȫرܿޣǼܵ顣ʹÿ϶ϢǣϢҲܵġһЩ߽׵ܹͨϸ΢ȷߣҷ
߲׵ľ룬˱ܵ޵ĹⲨ޲ڻһɱ˸ʩչֶΣǸĪӣĽҲ֪̺ʲôԸЩ޼ΪϬֻҪĽУǴͻᱻ˲䶳ᣬ޷תһϣֽܽ⡣
ңЩ޵廹޹ƵҩģֻҪ򵥵ķ˿ڴܽԼ괦ȡܵԵơ
ڶߣսȻԹۡĻսҲü֮С޿ɱܵģҶͰսҲǲһս
սУҶһʹ˳ĹȻ֮һԪȴֱӽͷ񱩵ʨޣֱը塣
һ¹ǾףôǰһֱҶͰսѸڶеˣı̬ȡһǿĸִڣڶ飬Ҳһֱϡ
ڣǸĵǣҶͰսʲôʱ飿



ʮһ ۷֮· 292Ѫ
Ҷ潫ޱ壬ӵϼ𣬷ģϸϸĹ۲
һֵľ壬ʯһɢɫĹΡǡǡ෴־ֳɫƺҪΧĹâһ֮ԱطҪ΢
Ҷ潫ֻƬ̣͸оԼЩķ
Ϊ⾧ʯƺΧһȻҲŹҶϵ
µİʯǷ˽ӴƬ̣ϵԪͻᱻɣΪһʬ塣ⶫǲһЩת󷨵ıƷң޵깥ܲЧơ봢ָ֮󣬲ǽҩ԰֮ǰһϣԱʱ֮衣˵䣬ȴһֱ䵭Īӡ
óĪӶҶոһұǳȤʱȻϵİҶеɻǾȣǼʡҶֳ˸ոյʵ֮󣬵û˲ѰҶ鷳Ǻܶ˶ҶͰս˵˺档
ιոʩչǸɫţǲԵԪ裿
ӦǡȻܹų񱩵ԵԪ裬ˣǺηʥҸղŻΪļҵĵСǺ棬Ҫˡ
ոĹƺԿؾ۷һ壬һѧġҲ֪췱һҵĵϵӵܣ
ЩʿǷǹҶղһġ׵ߣͼ١Ϊ׵ҪˮԪ֮һĻȻ󣬻Ҫʵת䡣ѶȣԶȽͨˮԪ֮ɱѩҪ׵Ȼ󣬿ˣʼղࡣʵΪѶ̫
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Ҷ΢΢˵ͷЦݸʢˣܺãʹ˽ʹ졣
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ʱҶͰսǰδеĳ裬УͰѸԵıУֻҪһвԾͳɱȥ
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ڶСһȺʿ޷˴ģĽսԪըǡʱϵȻǵѡ
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ͻȻһֻͷˮޣȻſ죬ֱӽѪɫ̽
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ʱ˵Ļ䣬ˮȴͻ


ʮһ ۷֮· 293ѪĹЧ

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ԽԽˣʱ򲻰Ѫ֣֮ûа취ˣ
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ʮһ ۷֮· 294¾ȻǼǱܣ
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Ҷ˵ͷãھ߰ɣ


ʮһ ۷֮· 297
ҶϣսȴҡҡͷҶֵܲˣ𣬴˴ע޷ҶֵȴͬҶֵѵóһˣΪľʶȻѰ˶ϻ㣬ǾתԪ鵤ҲǴֿɼ֮ˣҶֵܴ԰ĵļԼ
ҶԣΪĿ˰սһۣսᶨɫ֪ս˵ԣα֮Ҷзһů⡣սǰԣҶȻΪ˱׼ҶԼĶݣһμҪжԼҶҲʲôԥһˣ췱㾫ʵ磬ֻǴҴҶأҶжȻҲź
һʱ䣬ҶҲ֪ԼӦŰսȫ޺ãսԣĵĥԼԼ
ҶƺԥսüͷһҶ棬ЦŵҶֵܲʲôǵģһˣĳĶ࣬һ·֮ϣ˲ΣգǸȴҶֵܵͨѣĳȴûоʲôǼȥҶֵܾܷ֣ȥ֮·͵ǰĳԼµһΨжκμ裬õĴﵽЧ𣿡
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תһµʱȥˣҶʱվһ˹Źֵĵ֮Сǰһ֮ϣ鲼޾ĿףֻһͻأĴ֮ðƺûκĿһĻ֮ϡ
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֮󣬴ǧˬˣҶɫĿǰ鲼󣬿ʵ˵˵ĸָ󣿡


ʮһ ۷֮· 298𴫳
һͨǧʱ˳࣬Ҷ澹ȻôʵİԵǺʹĸ˻ش𣺡Ȼǵģƿ׵תĴַȻҲֻ˲ó
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ȻͨޱߣΪļ̳ߣȻҪŬҪȻǸ˶Ҷ֮ԣǧȻĻص
˼ĵ˵ͷҶɫԽأȻŬԼһջﵽǸ̶ȵģ
ǧԣжʱһ𣬶ЦŵͺãҺǳɲˣպҲֻܸṩôһһվҪԼƴ
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ȻвţǧҲҶûʲô취ֻԼһڵС֪ͺã㲻ҪԼ۾Ǹ֮ϣȻҲһ˱ȴƲϾΪ֮µĴУ֪ͨ׵ת֮һֵĴУ㻹뿴μ̳һֵĴаɣ
УҶԣԼѧļ׵ͨжʱ󶯣æʵܻݴУǰ˵һЩ
ǧԣ΢΢˼εĿڵߺߣϷҲ֪ôôУϷֲ˵Ĵߣô֪ôܴУϷǹ㲩ļʶûʲôİ취ߵ֮Уϼԣ
ߵ֮аϼԣ߶ǧ˵ķǰǺ˵ϢҶӲɵ΢΢һǰ㲻ڿЦɣǰôһҪĺܲҺܲң
ǧԣҲ֪Լ˵ȷʵЩˣֻǧ˰֮ȴԼ벻ʲôõİ취ֻܾǿĵҵȻڿЦʲô̳֮Ҳǰиˣ벻취ǾͰ֮ǰ˵һԣʱľԼסǣҳˣ
ҶԣжʱɫԺвϵ˼š
ã֮һ£ҶǻһâһԲĳǰȥ
̤δҶ֮ϣҶȴоһɼ˸ǿϢѾεԼԼʱ˿̾Ȼ޷ƶֺǧ˵ĻԼĵĻǱһѷϻ
쿿ز翿ԼΣ٣Ҷȴһ
׹⣬Ҷ滺ڵϡ
ֵģԭǵǿϢģ˿޷ҶԼ뿪֮ȴͻȻԼȻǱǵϢˣȴѾܹƶˣʱ˿̣Ҷûټ뿪ΪҶһĪĸоԼ˵أȷʵǧԵڽһĪĴԼ˳ôԺٽĵˣһݵĵˡ
˼ҵţǻ֮ϵ֮жʱһϸðڶҶȥ

壬Ҷԭɽʱ
ķһ޾ʹҶĿѪ
Ҷʮ׼ǵ֮ʱҶ֪Լվдˣ׵ܹĴС״бġ
࣬Īӣ
бŸ߶ȵľ裬Ҷ治ϵתԼϰĹָԼΪܵĴˣҲϵͼŸղǵµĹ켣ʱָд

һ䣬ҶѪɫ


䣬ҶѵͦԼѳҵ˺ۡ


Ҷ̱֮УѪѱ棡
¼֮еǧ͵͵ĸӦ緢һУвɵһΡ
ǧŲûĽԼ֪Ķ˵ʵȻȷʵҶպ𴫳еĵطҲֻҶպΪﵽ֮ͨ飬Ҷ治ֻͨ죬Ӧýðյġ
ֻǧҲûа취¼֮еǸѾԽԽǿˣǧͨҲЩֻˣΪǧ㣬ǰҶٶȣȵҶб½ԼʱԼѾͳ׵Ļɢˡ
֮£ǧڼԭҶպܵ𴫳б㱻ǧӲǰˣǧڶģԼþҶӲǸֻɵϣӮˣԼˣĿЩˡ
һϢҶ棬ǧ֪ԼҪˣ΢΢һ̾ǧĹĶԼ꣬ڵСӣ㱻ӿˣڻʸ̳ĴУȳȥԺ׵ͨʱﳢ԰ɣ
ǧĴҶ˳Լǣ૵ϻ쵰Ҿ֪С̣ҪҰ
Ҷ˿ૣǧҲںˣֻǺٺһЦ쳣ѵĵСӽлʲôӲһβУ´οԼİӣΪ˾СӣҪˣҲ֪߶˼ҵĺö
ǧ֮ԣҶһǳ鴤ЦЦӵǰѪվ֮Уһ׵һ㡣
ӦҶľٶԭȼ꣬Լǧʱסˣ㣬ǡ
ûǧ𾪣Ҷ̧ͷбһâ
˴ǧΨһұǧų׵ףףΪǧų⣡
ԼҶ潥ķתԼϰĹǻԼ׵ĵεΡ
ԼһؽʼԼǰЩʱҶԼԺ֮вϵĻţš
ҶĻҶϵϢҲת䣬һϤİϢҶڶ
׵ϢȻӣܲȷȷʵʵҶ׵ҶԼ׵Ϣ
Ҷϵʵ׵ϢԭϿҶǧʱԽļٵĳҶӿȥ
һҶȴûܵǧ˺ǰһӿ룬ҶоԼķһĻ֮ҲһĪѶϢϵڶ
֮Ѹݣ˽Կ磬֮Ѹݿɼһߡ
֮ͣߣױһ֮£аף١
ĬĬ˼Ժ֮ͻȻֵĵ׵ۣҶ潥ı۾ٶڵϣԭɫתΪһֵȻɫ


ʮһ ۷֮· 299ºɽ߰
Ӧ׺֮Ҷⷬͻı仯ǧǴϲϲԼȴһŭвϵŭҶ治£רŻ˼ң
ڴϲŭ֮ǧȴһ𾪡
ɵĻᰡ⻹ǧ߹Ҷ²Źĳɹ񴫳еļʣҶ澹Ȼĳɹˡ
ճյĿҶ棬ǧԺ֮вϵķӿŹҶһѶϢҶϢҶÿһɱսãǧطһ̾Ϣǰ;⣬ǰ;ҲֹԸлȥǸطһҲ˵һ
˵仰ǧ۾ֻǾĵȴҶӴ֮
δδ𣬾Ҷ治֮񴫳еʱʱ仺š
۾ҶȻһâ
ԼʱջҶ治ɵķһпԭ֮ǰֻ֪ףȴ֪ΪףҲ̤֮żɣ
΢΢ҡҡͷҶ泯ܿȥʱԭǸ˵Ȼʧʱ˿Լվһƽƽ֮УѪҺټڳ࣬ҶñһҰ˶Ҫ֡
ԪһҶʱڿն
Ưڰ֮УҶһֻҶ֮ʱһ׹

ʹ׹ԼεһȦҶϵ۹ʱȫΪޣֻҶԼýڰ֮С
ӦԼǧǿҶЦЦ
ѣǹĵ֮еȡУҶ濪ڵͻȻһ
Ϊ֮ǰһֱڶ֮ĸ֮УҶֻ֪Լһε򻨷ѵʱ²̣е׻˶ʱ䣬Ҷȴ㲻
һ㵣ģҶæǧʵǰǰڲڣڲڣ
¼֮УǧʵѾ˹ʵϣʱǧһֱԼľɢȥӦҶһһҶĺǧȴװոһ㣬췽ŻصʲôУл갡ӸղΪ˾㣬ûˣ㻹ûһˣ
ҶԣʱˣƺǧԼİɣΪʲôԼûϼһˣҲԼ֮õ񴫳ôҪȣ
Ȼǧ̰֮ԣҶǧǰҪԼΪжʱһĨжҲͲôˣǺǣǸⲻʱе㳤ˣǲˣԲ˼һ£˼æǾˡ
Ҷ֮ԣǧһ㶣ʱЦСӣ㻹ץʱɣûйҲգҩ԰Ľƾͻٶȿٶȹرգôһ¾ҪһҰˣ
Ҷԣʱһ֪ǧȻģȴҲڿôĵЦûȤҰ˵Ҷǧ֮Զʱڿն𣬳ҩ԰ڷڶȥ
ҩ԰֮
ʱҩ԰ƴ򿪵ʱѾûжõʱˣԭȽҩ԰ߴʱѾص˴˴
ֻ֮ǰֲһʱվڴ˴ȴǰҩ԰ߵһ붼Ҳ˵ֻǶ̶̵İʱ䣬ҩ԰԰ټƵͨǿߵҩ԰¾ôġ
žƿŵʱԽԽӽսҲԽԽꡣսҶǲʲôΣգսԼûиҶһ𡭡
ڰսн֮ʱһͻȻ˵ͷ˰սߡ
ͻҲסڳ˵ע˵עʱеҶϣֻǴֻǿһۣôԼ޹ر㽫Լעתƿȥȴм˵Īɫƺ˼Щʲô
׹ʧҶϤΣսʱһеĵҲȫɢһա
оս仯Ҷ΢΢һ֪ԵɣЦŵһĳˣð״絣ˣ
սԣʮֺˬİ˰֣Ҷֵܲ˿ϾҪˣǻȻȥ˵ɣ
Ҷԣĵ˵ͷ죬ҲоԼԪЩѷԻǳյظһµĺáʵǲ⣬ҶҪĵȴƴ򿪣߳ҩ԰ʱȴ߸ͻȻҶ˶
໥ɫĳҶ˿šо߲ƵƣҪϥָԪҶʱüɫĿͻȻԼǰˡ
ͬʱսҲо˵Ĺ죬ԿںʵǺˣкιɣƽ»ȥ
ԣһۣһѪµһâڵλֵܿӦǵһν뵽ҩ԰İɣ
Σлֱ˵Ͼӣսüͷһĵ
һߣڵȴƿŵҲĽԼעеҶߡ
Ǻɽ߰ԣˣһЩ켣ҩ԰ɽȵ߼ô˾¶ȻɫȻԺɽ߰ԵоΪ˽⡣
ɽ߰ԣ˭ЩʲôһЩһ˵ߵֹ׷׳Եߴ
˵Ѷǵ߽СĵĿǺɽ߰һۣҡͷԣΨһЩʵǿ߲庮ɽ߰Ե巽ſڵ֪⺮ɽһ֮أ⺮ɽ߰ǺɽΪܳλߣڴԼһٶ֮ǰһҩ԰һ켣˴ѰΪͻƿҩ鵤
Լȷʵǲ̫ãѰʮ꣬ȴһҩûѰһ⣬һλײŭĺɽ߰ԣҵģλֱӱ־նɱˣҺ־ߵĴָ֮ѰһƷʷǳҩΪԼҩ԰ȷʵôãǴӴԺܻʱʱĴһһνҩ԰ʿ
ֶͨΣǺܿľͻȡ˲ٵҩһȡӦͻƿ鵤⺮ɽ߰Ѿ˳ɹͻƿֻʣϴ־ƿ֮⣬Ӧþһεĵùˣ
˵˵˷׷״󾪣ôĿŵĽɱѵû˹𣿡
û˻ܵģ⺮ɽ߰ʵǿ֮ȻΪӣȴЩߣÿһֻʮ֮ѡһÿһζĲɱˣֻȡԼҪҩһֱûԸԵ޹ʵĳͷ˵꣬ԣֻǾĿҶˣƺڿһϷһ㡣
˵ûʲôأڳ߶Ҷ뺮ɽ߰Ҳ⡣
˽ԼƵɽ߰ȴһ㶼⣬ĵ˵ͷҶ濪ڵλСֵҲˣֵҲΣֻǱƿ֮⣬Բòд²ߡ
־֮Իδ˵꣬ȴͻأıһʵˣˣҶֵ쵤ڵĹͣôΪҶֵأ
˵䣬쵤ڵĪӱȺ֮߳Ҷ˵ԡ
ĿˣҶüͷ΢壬ȴɾĻָԪһԲ
ͻȻֵĪӣ־ʱüͷ壬Ī쵤ڵĵӣ˵ҩ԰İˣʮΪ־ɵֻǶһֱӴԵҲల£ֻǽա
־ԣʱüͷպ־ǵϰԣӦǹϵĸ쵤һӣҶ˵ϴģƫƫҶϵҩʵ̫־ˣԺ־жʱЩǻ
ã̧ͷ־лһâЦĵԭλֵ쵤ڵĿˣȻˣǱöΪѣֵֻǻ˴ҲжʱˣȴһֱûҵͻƿĵҩǺòײҵԡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 300ɱ
ʲôüͷʵ
ϣλֵܽһҩǣҲԻλֵܵ꣡־û˿˼Цŵ
ԣʱΪѵĳŰս˿ȥʱ쵤ڵĵӣҩ԰Ҳ쵤ڵ˽ǵ쵤ڶҩ԰ڻɽȵĿѾĽˣǺɽ߰ҪЩʲôҲֹġ
ҲԼͼģҲܺ⺮ɽ߰Ե׿ҶϵʲôǲԼҪǼԼһѾˣҲûȤ
ΪѵɫսһԷ⣬ʱһֱԲҶȴͻȻЦſʵ֪λϵҩҩò󣬾ǼλҲ޷ģ
־ԣ΢΢һҶ浱ԣȻԼ˵ѹȣЦ硣
־ҶϵѪν־ڱصãԱҲûôĹǣԳԼֵʹ˸СĵɫЦŵǵ֪λֵƺõһѪѪʺͻƿԻλֵܿǺɽ۶Ȼǵλֵܵ飡
־֮һʱ˽ɫ󶯣Ѫ޼֮û뵽ϾȻУһʱ˷׷аĴҶ뺮ɽ߰ԣǧ㡣
û˵뷨ú־ȻԼҪѪҶжʱһâѪҶشôıȻǲܽ˵ģοΪ֮ˡ
ɨΪһۣҶжʱ⣬ƱۣƱԼرǲչʾӦʵˣպ鷳ϡ
Ҷ治һϲ鷳ˣԼҪ죬ҲûȤЩ鷳ˣҶֻǳŰսһۣðս֮ɫȡԼؽЦһ䲻֪ôѪģЩѾҪˣֻ֪ҵıҵģҪҵĶȱҪסҵŭֻǲ֪ǳܵ𲻣
Ҷ˵ţؽһᣬȻ
ҶˣԭΪ²ж۵ĺ־ʱŭûٶԥ־ŭһɽ߰˶ʱƶԼΣֻת˲֮ѾһΪս󣬽ҶȦС
ս󲼳ɣ־Ҳûмڶ֣ǳ˵ֵҲˣⲻǲӣǴ˲ʶǺɽݺ˴꣬˺ʱȻǲԸҲҪǶǿˣֻǴλ޹أԻλƲ
Ҷ濪֮ʱ־˿ʼ֮Ѿ֪鲻Ҳϵ˼Լ׸ô¡ú־֮ԣٿ۱յҶ棬ҶϵѪ̾һڳԣʱҶȴͻȻڵֵܵˣֻ˻òֵֵ֣ܳܲȳȥնˣֵ˵Σ
ֻβսҶ֮ԣʱ㶣ն˺ɽ߰ԣҶôĿ
Ͳ̫ԸǺɽ߰߸ʵǿˣȻҶԼѰҲֻð̾һ鷳ҶЦЦȻҶֵţǱȳȥˣҶֵ뺮һ۵вãЩ֮ɣ
˵գĪӴ˸ɫҴҵ˳ȥ
뿪־е㣬ɨλνǻͬ־мһЦȡԼҵıУһɱ
־ɱźţຮɽҲûκεԥֱԼɱ
ɽ߰պգҲǿһսģʵҲȷʵֻһ֣Ҷ˱ӿȥ
úɽ߰Զ֣ҶЦһ㿪Ժɽ߰Եһźɽ֮߰еһӱӽȥȴҶ֪Է˶࣬ҪԷֿȻһһɱ
һߣս˶࣬Ϊ绹ԼлЩţ֪ԼǷܹ˳ѽٵģǵɽ߰Զ֮ʱҶ溷ȻֵˣսȴͻȻԼеһвȫ£ӿһɹɵս⡣
СɱңΣЦһսֳսȻ
Ҷ˵ķ־ЦԼֵܶһۣʱƶ
սתҶʱӦĪս֮ҶԭǴ͹ǸӣȽǸɱȻһһɱɽ߰Եģɽ߰ԵսתҶʱ֪ԼǰĴ¶ҪˣΪսһԼȻ޷ٴɽ߰˵Ρ
ҶֻԼԭǸ͹ֻһ˲֮䣬ԼսȴתһߣԭǸŲƵһ࣬ĺɽ߰͹ŰսȻҪȽսɱȻĶԸԼ
ɽ߰ԵͼҶȴû˿ľ⣬ֻҶɫһֳ࣬ؽİΣȴƻʵһķ
ҶķҶ׷ֻҶһĳͣȻһϸСâƾֳâҲҶʹ֮£Ҷ
ʱ仺ҶϸСҲԽԽ࣬ԽԽܼˣԭҶЩĪٶǺĺ־ҲͻȻֲԤл
ǿҶƺʱܵıϵС־ȴԸЩܸԼǿΣС
˼ȴûҵκεΣռ󣬺־ֻ÷ҡҡͷתԼľе԰սĹ֮С
ˣ־ܸоѾҪסˣԼֻҪټһһܹ˳ɱˣʱ򼯺Լ֮һ˶ȻҲӲˣ
Ǻ־ͦҶȴû־ᣬӦսĿҪֲסˣҶ΢΢һ֪̾ԼһλûԼ޼ȫչʾ
׻ֵܵİȫҪҶûûʲôԥģֻҶһֵؽ˫ָֻԭζҶٵϸСâʱȼͶʱϵ˷ȥ
Ҳֻս֮ϣݺᣬɽ߰ǼΪսҲҰ֮±ݻٵٲ͡
ⷬ䣬ӦǴŻϢԭԼѾƿսֵĺ־ʱ󺧣ҲϾһҪâΪʲô˿ֲæŭһζΣҪڿ롣
ֻϧҶûиԼ󻼵ϰߣ⺮ɽ߰ԼȻѾԼУôҲͲҪ˿ˣֻҶһЦлһâ˫ԭ嵴ٵʱһ㣬ƿȥĺ־ȥ
־Ȼʶ֪࣬սֲĵһ˲룬ϧվרңҲûзǳķɶ֮żѸ۵ӵˣ
־ֻǸոշɳɵľ룬ٵѾ˺־˵ϡ
壬־ֻǷһĲҽУ˾Ŀ֮еڵأκεϢ
ĵϺɽ߰Եʬ壬ҶΪҡҡͷŵû뵽ǾȻʬǣҵ׵ȷʵûңһΪܽĻҷأ
ҶȻֻ죬ڳĴ඼ˣǿҲҶĻ˸
Ҷ죬ٿϱҶĺɽ߰ԣԭ˼ҪıҶҩ˶ʱһ亹亹֮ǲɵԼֵˣȻŵĹƾԼˡ
еǹң˷׷׽ԼĿҶ뺮ɽ߰ԵתƿȥԼľˣǷ̬ӶԼ


ʮһ ۷֮· 301¸ı
Ļ£ǰսȴûôĹ˼ɣ԰սɫԼ˺۵壬ҶԣЦŵû뵽ֻǰʱ䲻ҶֵܵͨǣҪྭգĥд󳤽
Ҷԣ΢΢һЦֽϵöָ𣬵״粻żи˵ĻԵ״츳ѣԼ㣬պɾͱȻѷɫң
Ȼ֪ҶĿ֮ԣǲ֪ΪΣսбĪһԸǱҶΪ־ԸϳҶΪĿꡣţսڵҶֵ˵ҾȽҩͻؼ壬ҵԼһ˳ĥԼ
Ҷ濴ŰսǼݣ֪սܵԼӰ죬ҲӴ֮һǰȫͬĵ;һޱȴֻԻĵ;ڰսԣҲ֪Ǹǻ
ţҶҪ˵ЩʲôȴȻٶȳԼ˶ȻҶûʲôøУҶΪȴȻЩ̫ٶԼսûƱȵ顣ʹǸղԼ뿪ҲͨԼ飬Լ쵤ڵӵݡ
뵽˴ҶʱԼеĻпȳԼ
һߣʱȴ˾֮СĪӣĪ쵤һλϵŮСųԴӦŸϣֻ쵤һͨӳ֮ΪҫǿԼĲиŬ֪ҶһѪʱ򣬱㶯˼
ҲֶΣҪıҶеѪҶ澹Ȼ˵ǿƣжʱٶ˼ԭһЩƻҲǺɽ߰˲䱻ΣûҶ淭֮ǰһѺõĹϵǷǳбҪģ֪Ҷ䵭Ը²ǷǳϲԼȴɺƤ߶Ҷ档
ҶֵܣҶǰҶԴϷŰ۹⣬ЩεЦЦڵû뵽Ҷֵܱ¾Ȼ˸ǿĳǰ֮ԵҶֵܼЦˣ
˵ЦˡҶĳСҶԣ˿Ծɫʱеɫɫңǲ̫Ľ飬ղڹؼʱȴȻܳҶĳʵڸмˡţǲʲô㿪ڣֱԣ
ԣҶݣ΢΢һԼЦݣɫҶֵܣĳȴ룬ҶֵӦ֪ҩãֻķʳˣȴҲһִ˷ѣҶֵܽеѪң쵤ΪƳɵӶʹѪ
ĿĻѪҶһ䣬󷽲˼ĵ˵ͷʵԭִ⣬ֻǲ֪ǰԣܵõʲôôܵõʲôôҶĳвָ˵һ˵ɺã
ԣ֪Լ뷨ϷжʱһϲЦŵȻ쵤ڵĹ涨쵤ģҪȡһĵѡҶֵܵѪձڵĵƳѪ鵤ѪѪĹЧһ޶ҶֵҪҲֱֻӷöѪɴﵽѪĵЧ
һѪƳ鵤ԼĪĵö֮䣬ҶֵԸ⣬ԽѪи쵤ڣʱֻҪ鵤۵ö鵤ҶֵܽԿջö鵤쵤ջȴöҩ鵤ΪƼйܵڵν
֮ԣҶжʱЩˣϾѵãܹ󻯵ȻҲҪõģ˷ѿǻǴġţҶ泯ŰսһۣսͬҶ棬׼ҼҴҵ⽫Ѫ󻯵öڰսȴǸջ
һҶԼеҩ˸ε˽⣬ͬʱҶлðһֵ뷨Ǳ쵤ڶԼѪ󣬻ȡһԼҪĶ
¹ϵشҶҲҪúõ˼һԳŰսĵĴһɫ֮ɫ֮󷽲ԳɵĿڵ¹ϵСǹг⣬ϣһλ¸صĳ̸һ
ԣжʱһɥҲ֪ԼķҲǵûڴ֮϶תҶ˵顣Ҷ췱˽⼫٣ô£ҶȻҲΪ͵ѯ
֮ԭƽƽ޳ƽ֮ͻȻֳɽȵģ
ô˾֪ǽѾ򿪣Ҷ˽ͣ˵Цĳȥ
ҩ԰Ҷ룬Цŵ֣ھȸˣպ쵤ټ
ԣЦŵͷãֻɽȲǺ̫ƽλֵܻǶСĲǣ
ҶԣЦŵ˵ͷЮŰս𣬳ԼԭõĶȥ
ҶȥӰĪЦЦת֮ʱȴĪһЦĿԼ
Īһٺ٣ʦã㿴ʦΣ
ĪӿģԭǷݱŭʱȥ֣һĪƮɶ
ȻˣȻô֮£ô±㽻㸺ˣûΪȡ棬ôҶȻүү𣡡
ĪԶԶ¶һټĵȻҡԴȥ
һʯ֮УսıĿˣҶ˼Լ¡
˽֪ҶӵѪҲԵΪҶֻһѪȴ֪ҶǺεȵ죬Ȼܹһλҩ
ϡΪҶѪԶϡޱȵѪҲ̫ϣֻҶ쵤ڵһ»˵Լ֮Ҷбһ뷨ǱԼеѪȡǿľ
ֻҶ뷨Ȼܼ򵥣ǲȴûôļ򵥣ϾҶֻ֪쵤ڣȴ֪񵽵쵤ںδС
ΪסҪԣҶ±е㹻ĵ͵̫ע£лкöϸҶҪúõ˼һ£պ˲
㣬һʱҶľ˼֮лȹ
һȥսҲ֮˹
սĶҶʱӾ˼ѹŰսǻָ˼ɫҶжʱࡣ
оôɻʲô⣿
ԭЩİսҶĹѯæعӶһԼǿֱۣЦŵû£ʲô飬һС˰ˣһô鵤ҩ
˵˴սͻȻ¶һĨ˷ܵɫͻȻ쵤õһҩ࣬Ʒȫʲô;ҩУҴһЩҩϣòڼΪҲǺõģ
Ҷһˣڰս˵ûô뷨ֻб˲ռ˵ҶҲҸʱ佫Լϵﴦһ£ȡһЩֵԽϸߵ鵤
Ҷ˵ЩһЩС£Ƚ°ź˵ġţҶ泯Űսʵ״磬ǲ뽫еѪ쵤鵤
˼İսҶѯɻĵ˵ͷôˣѵʲôԾ𣿡
ҶҡҡͷǣֻһЩƻҪ״һ¡
ʲôƻҪ㣿Ҷ֮ԣսжʱǺ档
˼ҶֱӽԼ֮ǰĴ˵˳쵤һҪĶȡԼһѪȡҪĶϡΪϣ״ȲԼѪ֮£ԴΪҵĴһЩɹʣ
սҶɲ֮ԣҲû̫⣬ΪҶڰսбʹֻ֮ǰսҶǸֵĵӣԱҲһжǿġ
Ҷֻһ޹ʹССҪ󣬰սȻʲôԥԺʹĴӦãҵĶϻ㻹Ҫȥƣʱæ£㾡ܽļƻͺˣ
սֱӦ£Ҷ΢΢һЦٶ˼е֦


ʮһ ۷֮· 302ط쵤
֮С֮С
Ҷڴ˹ָΪͻȻһǿƴӰսڶ
ô£״ôˣҶʱɻ۾ŰսȥֻսʱɫȻѾȫĻָˣҿսϵƣܿΪһ֮սøΪٶȴǡ
һսϵƽıսջڡ۾սˬʵЦŵ֮սЧ׿ֵ֮Ŀ๦պҪһᣬĥĥ
ΪսΪе˵Ҷðսԣжʱһæ˵״ĪҪ룬֮дΣ˭Ҳûаմδֻ㻹ǲҪΪã
սԣʱֹס˴ЦӦҶֵ˵ǣҾעˣ
սӦôˬ죬ҶҲ֪սûнԼȰͣУֻҶ֪и˵ļԼΪԵģԱ˵ȴһǶԵģҲֻ̾һ㲻ٶȰ
΢΢ĬһҶͻȻٶȿڵȻѾȫˣҲ԰ĵ뿪ˣ
Ҷ滰δ˵꣬սȻȵĳʵ뿪ҶֵҪȥδ
Ҷԣ˰սһۣȻԼһ˻ȥұҪȻ쵤ڻȡԼҪĶȻ׼һЩȥһʲôʱΪˣԼһˣʱٴȥ׵ǿǣ
ҶֵҪؼˣսԣʱЩˣ֮󷽲żһĨѿЦݣҲǣ޲ɢϯҶֵܼȻԼĴ㣬Ǳ뿪ɣ
սɫ¶Ҷ̾һȴûٶ˵ʲôϾɢϣ֮˳֮£ҶȴѾ͸ˣӼг쵤ǣһ·תأһûͣļ
ţҶվˣˣԼСıأУպҪѪ쵤ƵĻûȥҹֵܵĺãҿ˱ԴһĽ֮ˣ
Ҷ֮ԣսһЦ֪ˣˣ߰ɣһ̣
Ҷԣͷ
߳ԺӣɫʣƵᣬҶϱһۣļǱߵ
͵ɡҶ˰֣԰սȭ;ǧһԼ߾ͺˣ״
ս΢΢һЦŵֻ֪ҲҪȥѰǸ쳾ΪƾתԪ鵤Բ˳һ̵ģ
Ŀ۰սҶһЦǺðɣͬһ·ɣ

һضݻĵ֮УҶ˾վţ۾ĶǰԶһλߡ
ݳĪ˵߾Ǵ˵е쳾ˣҲ֪ΪʲôԭһҶ˷ǳ˳ı쳾ֻ쳾һ¯ҩԳĪöվڴ˴쳾
߼ʦһ㶼˽ģҶҹĦ쳾ҶȻܾ
ֻϧ쳾ȻҲû̫Ҷ˵뷨Ϊ쳾ĵҩȻƽֻ쳾һǵжʱһĴ֮ԲͨƵ鵤ӵ֮ϵĵ֮쳾ʹѾ׼õƿ֮С
쳾վ쳾ĳĪϰԵĽϵƿһһ𣬶ĿָķѵԪ쳾ǰڵʦҶսλֵѾˣ֪ǷȽӼһ£
óĪ֮ԣ쳾۾վ
һЦ쳾ʵ˭Ҷ棬˭ǰս
Ҷԣһۣ׷׶쳾Ҷ棨ս쳾ǰף쳾ǰ;˳ͳͨ鵤
쳾ԣ΢΢һЦȻֹά֮Ѿˣ˵ǲɼ˶ϻ㣿֪ɷóһ
ϻ㱾Ҫø쳾ģ쳾ҪսȻ᲻԰ս쳾֮ԺȡǸװжϻҩƿ
ȡսеҩƿӦҩƿ֮дϻеҩ㣬쳾϶ʱ¶һĨϲɫ鲻Խ૵Ƕϻ㣬Ƕϻ㣡
쳾ģҶȻдɻֻ쳾ԣҲϣֻþĵš
쳾Ҳһǳ֮ˣԺܿʹϲлع
Ҷɻ쳾ԴεһЦλСѼЦˣϻһƷҩλеһǼƷϻ㣬ȻﵽƷҩֱһѾнʱ䲻ôõҩˣͻȻԱЩϲõĹͷλСѿЦˣ
ҶԣʱȻ򣬵ʦҩģǰҲȴһֱΪȻշŶʲôеʦҩ
սļöϵԼҼʢΣľתԪ鵤æʵϻѾȡˣ֪תԪ鵤
ðսѯ쳾Щ̫ȻüͷĬԡ
֮󣬾ڰսЩļҪٶȿ֮ʱ쳾̾һʵתԪ鵤߼鵤һ߼鵤֮ƷԽϸߵһ鵤ޣתԪ鵤ȴûʮİգԡ
֪⣬ս쳾֮ԣΪԼҴ»Ҫۣжʱˣæʵʲôûʮİգмɵİգ
ƾתԪ鵤ȻһķյģҲֻа˳ɵİգǷƣԼ
˳ɣս૵һ䣬쳾ʵǲ֪ڿʦƴ˵
쳾ҲֻǵȻУֻƷʦڻĸ߽׵ĵʦһǲһԸ⻨ʱΪƾתԪ鵤ĳɹʲһҸߣȻǰƹתԪ鵤ȴӹĦʦƾתԪ鵤Բа˳ɵİգ
սԣа˼쳾̹һֵһĵʦ˳ɵĳɹѾˣֵһԣҾʧˣҲԳû쳾һת׵ǣʱкܴĻ
м˼ս¶ģ쳾֣صһ񣬵˵غҰ׼ҵʢΣԱͷǰˣ
쳾ԣ֪Լл᳢һǰƹ鵤жʱϲãСѷģ˵һģɣû£ЩʱҲȥˣ˼ҿ˳ۣڴ˴ЭΣ
սԣжʱһϲȻӦá
ðսӦã쳾ЦŽҩƿ𣬶Ҷ濴ȥ˵СһѪ֪СѴδԸ쵤Ƴɵ
Ҷԣһ㶣ɫ䵭ĵгɹһ˵⽫ѪƳѪ鵤ǳɹҲͰˣһܶ׬һöѪ鵤ʧܣǰװ׵˷һ鵤˷һԼĻԵԹûʲô취¿ֻöԳ˵Ǹˣ
쳾ԣĿҶ棬ҡҡͷЦˣˣѪǰƷҩҿģЩ黹ڵЩƷʦƷʦȥͷ۰ɣһרƺҵľתԪ鵤£
˵˴쳾΢΢һ٣ǲ֪Сѽʲô飿УûУȥϾҪƾתԪ鵤ˣȴϾдСѣ
Ҷԣа˷Ĺ죬֪쳾Ҳ⣬ֻǿڵ˴ĿȻﵽҪ뿪˴ֻǲ֪ȥǰָһ£
쳾ԣ΢΢һЦҪȥȥ̨רŸǳȥģϷΪ쵤ڳϣҲܹ㴫ͳȥģûʲôˣҿھ뿪
Ҷԣϸ룬˰սһۣһ𣬲֪ղټ״磬أ
սˣһЦҶļ򣺡¶Լذɣ
Ҷԣ΢΢һЦת쳾ǰ뿪ɣ
쳾ԣȡһö׭Ƶ
Ҷ˺Ŀ֮У쳾Īֻ֮ͻȻֳһƻõİɫȦɫȦһ쳾ʹ³Ҷֶȥ
Ȼ֪ɫȦʲô֪쳾ûбҪԼҶҲûгֵֿ
ɫȦסҶֻԼҲӦϢǴ޾Ŀռѷ֮һ㡣
ָֻоǶݣʱ䣬Ҷ㷢Լ뿪Ǹͨݳ޵ĵصǸʯ֮⡣


ʮһ ۷֮· 303ഺϵ
Ϥʯ֣Լڻɽҩ԰а飬Ҷвɵпõ׵ѣ׵УȻֻ꣬ҶȴоԼ·߹һ㡣
̤̤
Ҷипǧ֮ʱԶͻȻһŲ֮
һۿȥҶʱ쵤ڵĵӳԼ쵤ڵĵӣһ
Ҷֵڻˣ첽Ҷǰĵ
ô˾ҶжʱɻԼŸոջ˾ˣɺϻǡ
еɻҶϲɫڵԭֵܣû뵽ȻôɣŸջ㣬ʯ֣ĪҪǰɽȣ
ԣ΢΢һ㶣ЦŵҶֵˣ쵤ʯнƣֻҪ˴ӻɽ֮гǶ˽뿪еҶֵܵҩרġ
ǵҵҩɣ
ôԣҶʱЩЦãԼҩҶд㣬ԻǰԼԤĿڵֵĳҶĳֻܸܵҶĳֵ鲢ǺܸȤԡ
ԭЦݵҶ֮ԣʱ¶㵵ı飺ΪΣ
ҶɻԽԼ쳾ٶȸһ顣
Ҷ֮ԣԴɥĵ˵ͷԭˣȻҶֵоұ㲻ǿҶֵˣֻѪΪԵʱڶȻɳѯʣֻϣҶֵܲҪ÷źã
ҶԣжʱһϲҪңҵļƻȫˡ
ţҶ˵ͷ߰ɣҲ֪ǹֵɻڷ񣿡
ֵܣҶ֮ԣʵҶֵԵĹֵǺˣ
ĿһۣҶЦŵǵЩ飬ֻǲ֪ڣ
ԣʱһԽ֣ЩƺæһЩʲôڣȴʱʱĻһˡ
ĻҾɡҶ˵ֱӹлˡ
ûֻȥ

֮һƧСԺ֮УҶǱš
ݡ
ͻȻһ˽󾲾⡣Ӧ⴫ԪҶ浱ͣУ۾
⣬ƾƯҶֽȡУԼľ֮СʱһۻͻȻҶԺ֮
ҶСѴҩ԰аȫοʶС֮Ҽһᣡ
ֻǶ̶̵һ仰ҶȴЦݡ
û뵽¾Ȼ쵤Ҳ֪Ѫǵʲôô˴¡
Ȼɻ󲻽⣬ҶҲ֪ѪԽҪԼıҲԽпܳɹҶҲٶȥǳȥ
˵ҲǣҶ쵤ǵʱҲˣȴһֱ쵤棬δ쵤ǺúõĹһ䡣
̤ԼСԺҶȴͻȻԼ֪δȥϾ֮ԼҪȥ躲֮Լ̫Զĵطߺܷʱĵطȷʵ޷ȥģôԼ񵽵׸ȥδأ
Ҷ֮ʱҶͻȻһ£ԼĴзҳһƽƽ
ǹҶһѶϢڰ쵤ϴСС£ҹű뷨еѶϢʮ֮ϸ
Ҷ潫УһɹɵѶϢʱҶԺ֮С

ãӴѶϢ֮˳ҶȻҵԼ⼸յĿꡣ
һҶʱƿնȥ
쵤һ쵤ڵפأ쵤ǳ쵤Ȼ֮⣬еļ֮СɣЩ쵤ϵɲͬ쵤ɡ
쵤ɴ඼ŰٹһЩ쵤ϵȴֻĳһĵҩֻĳһֵҩ൤ҩŲơ
ȻΪˣЩСɾ绨֦ϵҶһ㣬ϸϸĵ׺쵤ǵĴ棬ʹ쵤ǳΪһֻ벻ûҲĵҩʥءҶҪǰһ쵤ǼΪĵҩɹ֮
򵤴쵤ǣͷɣųֵ鵤ҩ
֪򵤴ϸ֮򵤴ţȻΪֻ֮ǽеʵ಻һģһЩĵ̰ˣǰչԣ򵤴ްֵĲ֮ھԵɣû˵ص˵ҶԼȥ˾ˡ
㣬ĵĺ棬ҶܿһΪΰĴ֮⡣
֮⣬֮Уͷʶ
ֵⷬģҶеĺʱ֡
ûԥҶ泯Ŵ֮ȥ
һΪĴ
ֻһ̤򵤴Ҷбָп򵤴ܴ󣬵ҶǰһȴǷɢһ󷨹̨ȥֻ̨֮Уһµƿʢţƿ֮ϸϸı־Ÿĵҩ˵һĿȻҴǼʶ
Щǡ
ž飬Ҷڴ֮л߶תڴ֮Уһöö;鵤Ҷ治ɵ˼󶯣Ϊˬ֮вɹ
ӦıεȼѪǿʵ嵤Ԫܹ޵ŵҩεֵҩ
ഺϵ
ȻҶɹ˵ʱ򣬴֮ͻȻһ֮
֮ͷʶȻҲûʲôԣǲΣǰвɹ鵤֮˽ϸ޴֮٣һҲҶ漫ȵ
Ҷ֮ʱԱߴ̸֮ѾȥҶе
ԭһͻȻһʱ̼ң̼ҵĵƷҲֻһһöⲻյ쵤ҩ
գ˼һֱŮյĵҩȻⵤҩúͨ׶񲢲ôϡһ㣬ʵתòϻع¼Ůִ඼ΪİϧԼգ⴫˵Ψһܹ޺󻼵ıŮյĲ鵤Ѿһּ鵤ˣмУǮ򲻵Ķ
գⶫӦҲҪİɣ
аţҶҲǳ۲鵤λȥۼŴ֮ме̿Ͷǲնȥ֮е˵ʦҲǳɴĹرԼĹ̨ȥȥˡ
һ飬֮е˼ӿΨһŵλ֮ǰ
ȺĶһݲ԰׵еһͨƿвϵֹ˵ޱȵҩӦװضҩƿвôװôһƽƽƿ֮С
֮ǰͨ໥ŭš
ǶȷλˣҲ߻ۣƽƽеĵҩȻǴ˵еĲ鵤ġ
ֻǿϧ鵤ֻһöȴҪԸ׷֣һСı㽫ִˣҲ֪Լ˳õö鵤ĿȻˡ
Ȼתۼ䣬ԭ֪ܵﾲ޵ĴѾɫæ˳
ΪΪͨĴ³֣ԭµĴʱ
λ֮ǰԭŵĴʱĵ˵ͷǸɫԲ԰׵ϸѯ
Ҳ֪ʲôԵʣѯ֮ʱûʩչ˵ΣԴ֮еҲǳɵ֪ʼĩ
ԭηһΪĵʦֻǿϧ˲ãûܼ̳еηɵ츳뱾죬ԵμҲϵ˥μҺ˱²ãվûгܼһĴڣԲܽηΪġա鵤
תμڳһ츳μҾȡԼص鵤򵤴ۣϣܻȡһЩԴС
ֻμվû̫ˣû塮ա鵤ļֵԷŻǳ¡
Ȼʲվ̫ᣬʶ̫٣ͻȻ̣ȻΪ¡


ʮһ ۷֮· 304¸߼
ЩԭԭЩɫϲ£ϵɫʧˡ
ϸĴһۣ˲ԶĶԼ˵ˣЦŵԭǴʦ֮󣬲ңȻ츳ôպȻҪúŬǣ
ûͷûβ֮ԣգգ۾æһݣС֪м츳ȴȱʦ̻壬ǰСӣСԸǰһջͯӣǰǲ
㾫µ϶ʱ¶Цգ𣬿һ۵ȵļˣζĵúúãȻдϽ֮ģҿͬΪһķϣԻһλͬе鵤㻹ȾһδģǴ´ãҲµİɣ
֮ԣһЩԭΪ߶ʱһæԼϵļ֮ɫװµӡ
֮ԣжʱϲֻһįСʿ¶󣬶μ˵ǰĸ߸ɽԼܸ£Լе鵤ȻҲͲôҪˣҲǺˬĻصСף֪δ£һлǰǣ
˵ţæԼнקŵƿ¡
¼ôʶȤ¶Цݣ˵ͷҲû˿Ŀֽӹƿ΢΢һЦƿһף˫ֿٵһһƿ֮еĵҪסǣڰ֮С
ſöӨ͸鵤һЩʶʿ׷׳ھഺϵһƷഺϵ
ഺϵڰ˼鵤ݲĹЧϵֱǷ֮ΪϼƷĸƷ
Ʒϵ꣬ȴֻһƷɲǷҩƶɣô˵ԱŮʮղ䣻Ʒϵֻ꣬һµƷɲǷҩƶĿԱŮհ겻䣻Ʒϵǧֻ꣬һҹƷɲǷҩƶɵģܱŮ겢ҴмձЧƷ鵤
ǼƷĲϵһִ˵еĴڣΪһֱû˵˭ѰùƷɲǷҩȻҲû˵˭ƳƷĲϵ˵Ʒϵ꣬ȴֻɲǼļƷɲǷҩƶɣ´˵Ƿջһֱֲ䣬಻䡣
Ų鵤ѶϢҶжöҩԽĿ
Ҷ治ȱǮҶ治ȱǮһ·ҶնɱǿУеջ֪겻ؼңҶжԼļ˻һεģлᣬҶȻҪȡö鵤ջص֮ʱ
Ҷ֮еʿˣһ۹ȵĿڰա
ԭڿǲϵȻƷƷ֮һϲòһ˵עջ㿪ڵ飬Եߵ֮鵤ֻһöλҪõô򵥵ıǰĹأ۸ߵã֪Դˣλʲô
ԣҡͷ˵ûС
Ȼȷֵļ˲ģǿԼģԼΪҪ߳ôʿȻҳԷԡЩǮƲģöϵȻҲϣöԽԽãϾǿͼľȤ
ûµϷ¶һĨЦݣȻλûôλѱ㿪ʼ۰ɣΪϵƷƷΪ˼۷鵤ʳ˵߿ɱ겻䣬ܼձϵٶȣ˵ʮƷʯÿμӼΪһСƷʯĵĴֳ߱ȡʯȼʣеߣ˹֮
µǸΪƣʱһݣҶҲɵĳԼĴָ֮̽ȥԼжٿɹӻʯʡ
ҶԼҲƵʱһΪȻһĳԸ۰ʯֻǶ̶̵һ仰ûκεĻڣȴҲʾ˴˵ġ
˽ǵһֱӼӼʮʯȻ֪вСֿɼû뵽־Ȼô죬ôѸ͡
ֻƬ֮󣬱һϵ̶𣺡û뵽վȻ˱Ǻǣͷӵһ绨Ůʹõϴϣλܹ鰡
˵ţ΢΢һ٣󷽲ſڵʯףͷҲûôǣұһٶʮʯɣ
߆µĻȴݼΪƽıһ˵ĸ߼ۣ˽һּȵΥ͸У֮˽ԿٵĽԼĿתƿȥǲ֪׼Ϊβ鵤
ūǰЩŸпԼϾҪƣպ˴ˣû뵽վ˲գūҵĻԵλѱ㲻ū˿ɺã
һΪδݣֻôҶЩ˼ҡҷֱԴ򣬳ȫļˡ
Ҷ汾ԼΪᶨҲܿı޾Ȼ֮ѹˣҶҲǲɵĳһ亹вɵİʵ޳ܣȻ˹ƣֻ֮еһЩԲԼʿҪùˡ
Ҷа֮ʱ֮ȻͻȻҲΪдĪЩȻʿѹ
Ƴ˴֮һɴŮһۣ¿ڵ˲˵ϻֱ˵ۼαˣ
ǴʵĿƳӣüͷ΢壬鷳ūԸһʮʯλϧ
һʮֻǶ̶һ˲ԭֻǱʮ鵤ȻǼҶΪĲף֪Լ׼Ĳʵ׹´
Ҷа룬Թ֮ʱⲻϵʿ׷׿ۣһһһһʮ򣬷·۸ǿҺһ㣬ЩʿЩںһˬһѵͷ
ֻ¼Σյעӣվû˸еңԼɱ֮
ܿģԭϾ۵ʮ˽ļ٣˺޺޵öƷϵȻҪ䵽ȿڵʿˣʱöϵļ۸Ȼٶʮľ߼ۡ
ʱˣҶһ£ûע˲䣬ĵĸԼʩչһϢһޱڵѵãԸʮʯ
ԭΪⳡȻҪĻδ뾹ȻۣȻҶȸʳʱ׷׽ԼĿ⳯ҶɨҶϺƣɫ꺮ϽԼĿתƣвɵİĺ֣Ȼôǰ˳
ñֵ鵤ٳۣɫһŭε΢΢ٶȿڱԼһ߼۸񣬿ǻûۣһȴһ
ô֣ĳҲһְɣİĳİʯ
ޱȵô䴦ӵĺӣжʱһȻ󲨡
޼Ȼħ޼
ģȻˣû뵽Ȼˣ˴飬ҵȻỹ뿪ĺã
ǰħ˱ܣö鵤ĳİ
˵۷׷УҶҲ֪ӵ
޼飬ʵΪ֮ͨϣʵ֤޼֮ɱһͨĴʿ˾µ޼磬ޱȣɱǳ֮£Ϊ𣬼ΪʿܣԱΪħһЩ˵ֱӳ֮Ϊˣֻһκ޼ã͵õ޼ȴù޼顣
޼ıۣüͷǽ´ˣϾȻΪͨ죬ϰԽ׶սҲںħвֻʱѾЩɬˣϾ첻ΪԼһЩΪõı뻹Ǿ
ηҶԭЩǻ˼ʱٴμᶨɫҶٶȳԵİʮҳİʮʯᶨƺ˿޼ĴڣҲ˿ںԼո׳ȥİٶʯһ㡣
Ҷ澹ȻѹԼһͷ޼ɫ̵һЦЦٺ٣ܺãû뵽ĳѵóһμۣȻѹĳһͷܺãܺã
Ī˵䣬޼ĶҶһۣתȥ
ħȻôˣⲻķ񰡣һ˿ħʧӰɻʵ
ƨֻ˵ķ񣬱ƣħı£һԣ޺޵Ļص
ǰϣħ֪ܲλǰȻλǰһħô徻ˣһֹ۵š
ˣȻã˷׷׷ĵĸ͵
˵ۣҶ治ɵڿЦħǿԣҶڿ治ϴ˰ֻҶҲһԼᶨˣȻҪ˵ԼӣôȻҲᱻħ衣
ħȥµɨһۣʵλѳİʮ򣬲֪ɻеҪ𣿡
֮ʣ˷׷׳Լ߿ȥ뿴ǲǻðһȸ
˵ãȴûٶȳۡ
ˣĵ˵ͷȻûٳۣôλѵˣλȡİʮöƷʯ
һ˵ţ۾һ߽ĶҶ棬ҶòʲƣôҲת˲֮ˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 305·Ѫ
Լڽö鵤£ҶжʱһϲֻΪ˱ԼأҶȴû¶κεı飬¶ǷΪĮģ
ĿһۣҶſǰˣǰ˵ĻַųһʯСɽʯСɽдΪƷʯֻмƷʯƷʯ
ʯСɽ΢΢һЦԼٶϸɨſڵйжٶʮƷʯ֪Է񣿡
Ҷԣɫĵ˵ͷٶȷų¡
ֱһѷһѷиƷ׵ıﶼУҼֵͣû취˭ҶĴ඼һˣЯƷȻҲǲˡ
һѶѵƷ˿ҶĶʱΪ֮һ䣬һ˵ϾȻôԲԼõıô˲˱һսɱ¾ӶսƷˣҶԿ̫һˣô˵ҶȷһΣյ
ţ˵жʱâȻ뵽ҶȻССڵ޼Ҷˣ˶ʱ޼
ûԹ۵˵˼ȻҲҶĳΪ죬ȴǴӴݵʶɨѱɫµıһƷơ;Ʒʯֵ
±ۣҶҲֻǾţϾĶкܶҶͲôʶֻǾԼãԸɴóһˡ
´˵˵ǰΪ˼ʱ佥Ĺȥ˶ЩͷˣϾǿֵģεġ
ã˶Щͷ˵ʱ·Žѱļֵͳϡ
ѱϼƷ36ʯʮǧ߰ʯ֪Сѿ⣿
ĮĿһۣ֪ӦûпԼҶͷٶȻ֣ųһҩƿҩƿУһѪ֡
ҩƿ˵ҩƿеѪ꣬˽Ǵ󾪣˵һЩбȽϸߣʶȽϹʿǴ󾪡
΢΢Ĭһʶ֮˾ǷѪ⾹ȻǴ˵пʹɱѪͳľƷҩ
ˣѪڻ𣬾ѪأѪû뵽ղܼ˵еഺϵܼҩѪ
ǰѪƱֱӷãֻҵһԵķ裬պ󼴱ƾһֻ趼߱ˣ
ѪȻǷѪ⣬Ҫ찡϶ҪˡŷѪҪԣаľ
˵۷׷ףȴһֱδڣɫŵĶҩƿеĻҩ
Ѫҩ
ÿһεľҩ֣ΪҩԣǱȻһҩľκȻ浮־κȻȻµܹ֧ŵˡ
ǽģԭüͷµͻȻ¶һɻɫ
ԺвϵķӿڷѪѶϢ²ɵ૵ԣⲻ԰ѪѪ
ãƺ뵽ʲôԭ鼫Ϊ䱸һһּΪϧǸҩƿСϵˣΪͻأĿڵѪǾƷҩҩǵ軨ʮ귽ܳɣСƿ֮еҩȻȷʵǷѪȴԲֻһҵʱ䣬ԹЧ󽵣Ʒ״ҲֻһƷ۷ҩƷ룡
֮ԣԭ׷鼤˶ʱΪ֮һ㶣Ϊ֮һ
ûٸĳۣ˻ǽԼĿ⿴ҩƿϣԼҲܿǽĿ⳯Ҷ濴ȥϣܵõҶĴ𰸽ɡ
˵עӣҶ˵ͷѪȡ˳ֻżȻѪȻȥȴɣҩȷʵԲȴǿˣѪȻĻ򣬿ԶΪŽҩˣ
ѪһԭƽƽĴʱһ֮У·޾Ѫ֮ԴԴϵɢ
Ҷ˵Լжʧ²û¶˵ɫɫصĵ˵ͷСǰס˴ҩĲϢȷʵжʧˣ
˵ţ΢΢һ٣СѼȻҩȡ˳ôȻҪۼ쵤ڣˣѵ棬νҲˣҩΪƷҩЧ죬Ըһʮʯ֪СΪΣ
֮Էأ֮е˶ʱ۷׷ûҶͷӦҡͷܾѾҶһԣ֮˲ˣǰ۹ഺϵˡ
ֻеĿѪҶ治ϵۣϸĵСĪūлҪ˵СǰūҵĲգūպഺѱūԸһʮСѪСūһΣ
֮ԣɫʱһ䣬⽻Ʒ۸ߵ쾭鲻ˬȴҲóֻƵĺһ
ѪȻ󣬿ȴվм۵ģµĳһʮļ۸չѪʵѾǳˣֻϧΪԼҲǳҪҩһţԲ˲ۣǼˣҲ޷ٳ߼ۣϾһ쵤ڵͺܿܵðն˵Ǻѽܵġ
ֻҶԼȴҲԼ˼쵤ǣ쵤ڵĵ̣ԼյĶôǶȻǹ躲ŵ˵ģԼȼҽã컹иıҪУԴʱ򲻿Լ쵤ڳʲôġ
οҶ治ȱǮҶ洢ָ֮еҩȫóȻ֮ܽе˶ſ£ҶǶĶʮʯǷǳĸȤԵҡҡͷл⣬ֻǰ˵ҼȻҩڴʱȡǱΪʯģԷҪҩôȥµҾͲˣ
Ҷ˵ţµĵ˵ͷ³ļ۸Ҷĳ⣬Ҷĳȡʮǧ߰ٵʯ¾ÿɺã
νΪԼƱҪҩʧۣ֮û뵽Ҷôԭ򣬾ȻֻҩԼи֮£νȻٵĵͷȻģСǣ
Ҷԣ˵ͷҲ˵ֽϰڷŵʯȡһ֣ǡΪʮǧ߰ʯ
ջ˶ʯҶһԲĳνȥŭȥû˿⡣ʵϣʭӶ˲ծ˲ȻǸΪΣյ޼Ҷôʲôˡ
ҶȻûпڳԣνֲɵӣ֮Ҳ֪Ҫˡ
ֻνһӣŵģֵİʮ鵤Ʈصҩƿ֮УɵҶǰ
ԼðĵıҶ֮ϲ¶һĨЦݣ鵤СɨһۣŴ֮ȥ
Ҷ˴γһˣջⰺޱȵݳƷջպҲõõŵҩҶ黹Ǻġ
ص쵤ڣҶ˴ҲٳȥˣϾѾʣ¶ʯˣıҩҲ˷ѣԱ㰲У躲֮Լĵ


ʮһ ۷֮· 306ڻ
쵤ԺУרȼҵһԺУɫصľš
࣬üͷ壬ʲôޱ߷һ㡣
ͻȻԭһֱĬĹ̾һطˣҶľˣǵʱҶĲԸѪǣǾˣ
ԭüͷ΢΢һɣȴˣȴǲøϻǱ߽ˣ
躼ԼĶôʱһЦ㲻òģ㻹ϸػܿӲҪ֪ܿǱ鴫췱ģֲǲ֣Ҫػܿɲװ
躲ŵĵЦ֮ɫ΢΢һ죬ΪվԼ飬ҵȻҪԼػܿ
ȴֻЦţֻü΢΢Եù躲Ϊϡ֪Լĸ˼ʲôˣҲֻǾţԼ¡
ڶ˾֮ʱͻȻһŲ֮ʱһ쵤ڵ˽
Ҷ湫Ժ⣬֪Ƿ֣Ǹ쵤ڵӿʵ
֮ԣ˲۾վԼ׿ȥ
۾躿˿ɫ·һĨ΢ЦȻҶĿˣôŲҴΪǰȥӭһӭ
ԣæ˵ͷǸûĵӣֱӳСܶȥ
ȼҴԺ֮⣬Ҷĵ̧ͷͷ޾
ҶСӣǲ˵ȲȥǿôûзͻȻܾûгֵǧ˳ҶԺ֮ʵ
ǧѯʣҶɫһûа취Բʱȥ˷ȻҪһԣ
ʲôǧʵ
ﻻһԤУԤ쵤ڿ֪ܲİأһܲһҩҶ˵ţԼļƻ˵һ顣
ҶļƻǧÿɷӦһļƻǲҸӦãǻһֱûж˵Ҫһ쵤ڲر֮أҪĳչǱ޵˵ϣԺ֮г˹躵ˣһСһţỹСĵȽϺãˣҪԽжǸϼһűȥǹ躲֪ǸͨļһӦ֪ģ
Ҷԣ˼ӦӦɫļ졣
һӴԺ֮˳վԺյҶ档
Ҷ磬ˣҶ棬ʱĺ
ԽԾСӣҶ΢΢һЦӦ֮Լˣ˵Щʱͦæģ
ҶѯΪ˼ĺٺһЦǽȥ˵ɣǺþûˣҪú˵˵ҶҲҽҩ԰ɣͦģ
Ҷбۿ˹һۣð˵
˵Ц䣬Ѿ˴Ժ֮С

躣ҶʱԼ΢΢ЦݣɫҶӦԼ֪кηԸ
ԣ΢΢üЦСѺα˵ֻСѰȫҩ԰Ҫһ֮ˣ
Ҷԣ΢΢һɣȻҶж㹻ĵ̫쵤ڣҶȴϣԼ̫ж躲ű¶Ƶ̬ȣȻϼ֡
ɣҶЦŵæҵ߶ˣ
Ҷˣ躲ϵЦǸʢ֡
ʱʹʳһЩϹߣеɫµĿڵҶСһѪ֪ɷģ
Ҷԣʱһݣ֪ϷˣҶ׼ԺǵȻƷһе裬ŻصҶĳȷʵôһѪ
Ҷ˵ţҲ躿ڣֱӽԼѾ׼õѪȡ˳
һƻѪõ
ɫʱһ˫۷⣬òѹĳ嶯󿪿ڵڵѰҶС֮٣֪ҶСΪξܾȻĳⲢǶҶСкβͼֻǺˣ
Ҷԣ΢΢һЦˣҶĳֻǶЩѪȤˣұҪȡһЩϵģ缴δɣ
û뵽Ҷ澹Ȼ̹ʣԶʱΪ֮һ㶣вϵ˼Ÿ跨ȡѪʱԭһֱĬĹͻȻʵҶȱٶϣҿ㰡ҪǸѪȥȡ
ԣжʱһ𣬶ЦŵҶСҶСȱһЩϣ쵤ڿ͸ҶСѵģαȥ
Ҷ治ÿɷЦЦʵҲᣬҲһЩԻѽ⣬֪ɷΪҽһ
躼Ҷûлشüͷʱ΢΢һ壬ʵ£ҶСѵ޷
Һ֣ѪȻȴҲֻһҩˣ쵤ں˼
躲ԣüͷʱ
֮󣬹̾һҶС֪쵤ںųڵһɣԺգԴ޾޾֮У쵤ڻҲϵķչʥ鱦ĶɸǺųڶϵĳ쵤һĵλԭ̩ɽĵλܵǿĳΪ˹쵤ڵĵλǱʮ֮򵤴֮Գ޾貣Ӷס쵤ڵĵλ
򵤴᣿İʣҶ治ɵ૵
򵤴ᣬ򵤴ǵΪĴᣬ֮ϣɸԱ죬һ£սıǿɵĵҲÿղصĵҩи״̬ųʦֳƳĵҩƷãЧӣɼȻԽãǷҪ׼ҩԱʱ֮裡쵤ڵٶƵĸߵ鵤ϢϢأԶЩĸ߼ҩһǷǳϡȱģԲŻǷֵһ˵
Ҷգ˼ĵ˵ͷԭˣѪȡһЩϵģǹȡĲϣôѪǻҲδɣ
ԭΪϣ󣬿Ҷ֮ԣжʱ󶯣æʵ֪СҪʲôϣС˵˵ȥ֮̽һ
Ҷԣһϲɫȴ˿Ҫһ˼Ӳ֮һ֮ΪҪĻľ赶֮飬ˮ֮䣡
˼Ӳ֮͵ǹˮ𣡡ҶҪ󣬹躲ſ΢΢ĳ
ã躲ŵһâڲһ飬ƺĺҶСѵҪõȥȡСΪΣ
Ҷԣʱҡҡͷ֮ţֻǴвӲԿ²У
Ӳһ¶֮ɫǹϵ¼ΪӲϣҲΪϣҽսȡǿС˵ķϣСʵ⽻ֱ˵Ūǣ
ҶˣҲںֻЦЦ֪ԶԣֻȷʵҵҪ󣬴ʦҲУ׵ֵĲϣ
躲ԣȻŰɣʵ֪ʦˣ
һ˰ˣʦжİ׵Ǳޣعǲ֪ģ
׵ǣж΢΢ü躲ſ૵ġ
ͻȻ躲ƺ뵽ʲôʱ벽գʦǰ벽ǰ
˵ţ۾ĶҶ棬ȴҶش
ҶԣҲ֣ǧ֮ǰֻԼҪʱ˵жȴû˵ʲô벽ʲôյ顣
΢΢˼ģҶҡͷҲ֪ǰ˵ǲǼʦʦֻԼж
ԣЦҡͷģǰǰԶһ˭˲֪ҵżҸݷùǰֻʱ꣬ǰһǱޣ֮ǰǰǱ֮أʵǲ
˵ţ¶һź֮ɫȻǰԣô¶Ȼ޼٣ֻ쵤ȷʵûҶС֮ѪûԵˣ


ʮһ ۷֮· 307֣
ҶԣȻȴԵòꡣƵƷһ裬ſڵǾˣȥѰһѰˣ
Ǿʱ֮УͻȻһӰԾ˳˷һ㿪µ˭˵ûУôûУС޲Ҫ˵
֮еҶǻһĨ˿ӵЦݡ
ͻȻͷһŭʱʦ棡
ʦ棡ôˣΪнʵ
ƳҶһۣ¶һĨЦݣٺ٣ٲأ쵤Ҫܹˣ쵤µһôѣǾô׵ĸˣһСӣ
躱ȴ˿һƺΪľһ㣬ǹԵĹ˹죬ƺǲһ㡣
ֹĶͷŹбһôСƺ˼ʲô
ԣҲǲϴɫڵǣ쵤Щ귢չĻǺܲģ˵ڸ׵쵼£ÿ궼ڲϵ׳󣬿֮ΪһĶȥչȥˣЩһϼ򣬾쵤⣬ȻȲ˼ˣҪ˵ԭڡ
֮Իδ˵꣬ǹȴùٽæȵסڣ÷̰ʦ쵤ڵѵⶼ𣡡
ԣȻڲȴͣ˿תңˣ
躻δԣȴ˻֣ˣˣǵ˵˻أǵ˵ˣ˿Ц
Ҷԣȴû˿Ĳ˼ֻǵЦЦƷſе裬·ʲôûһ㣡
Ҷˣ˺ٺһЦյҶߣСӱװˣ㷽˵Ǹ¾е˼һУװˣҾ͸һɢǲҪҩ˼Լȥ֮вɼҩԼȥ
Ҷ֮ԣ΢΢һ㶣ЦЦǰڴԼҵ˽£ȻҪװˣ
ԣߵҶǰҡͷԵ˵СԵǲҪȻҲ쵤ڰɣôҾͲҪҩֱӽҪǿ͸㣡
ҶԣʱһЦǴӦ˼ȷңҿʦʦ˼һȷֹҼɵģҼ쵤ڣʦ˻ôҪ쵤ڸҵŵģ
ԣɫʱһڣǻ˰ɣʦ˼ǿɲǣ
躼ͷˣ͵͵һЦҶǸĿһۣһ󷨣ԼǸͷ˿ɫµʵʦ棬ղ˵ҶСҪľϣΪҲǵˣѵ쵤ڻﲻ
ͷԣʱ󼱣ƨƨ쵤ڵô㣬Ǹʲôʲô˵ġ
ԣʱһ˵ģʦ棬ҶǰĵӣѵƭⲻеģԲеģ
ƨƨֲСӣô᲻֪أʲôȻûУǷС˵Ĳǵһ㻹ǵ𣿡
ͷ˵ţȡһɫӡ
ɫƣһ㶣¶һĨ˼ɫǵãֻҶС˵ʲôϵ𣿡
ͷԣٺһЦСӵƤּ˸ƨɣû뵽Ӹ죬ּ񵽵ƾȻһ
ʲôʲôôԣҲں΢΢Σæʵ
ͷҡҡͷҲ֪ԴӷǱԺһֱøַԣȴһֱûԳ
˵Ǳ躲ʲôãʲôԶ֪ô˵Ǳ
ͷԣݺݵĵ˹һۣΪԲԲ˵Ǿⶫˮּ֣ӲޱȣȻǱˣΪѵõҶСӵҪƶӦˣ͹ˣ
ͷݺһɣ躶ʱЩ飬Сʱ򱻴˵ĺ֢ʱ躻ǽԼе鰴£ͷҲǣǰǰ벽񣬼ʶҪ㣬ǲ֪˵ǰ֪Ҳһʱ˵ûǰһá
ͷԣ͵Ŀ˹һۣȥµ󷨣Ҷ࣬ЦŵСֵܰҿ㳤ÿΣҲǶҵƢԱѾõıˣǲҲһЩʾأ
Ҷڹͷֹ˵֮ʱע⵽ͷȡɫơ
ĿɫƣҶʱоһĪƺԼߴԼͬϴεǧԻǵջƴҶջҶҲܸоԼĺܡ
Ƴֻ֮ɫϱ鲼ĪƣԼĪƴСǻԼõֻ
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ѹԼ飬Ҷɫ䵭ĿڵǰȡҶĳҪģҶĳȻҲʾѪڹ𣡡
ͷԣٺһЦеĻɫƳҶȥСӺúõĿⱦǻʵĵǹ٣ˮ֣ĥֺ
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૵˵ţҶЦһеƸ߸ȡԼؽԾ𣬺ԥıʹԼǿնһ㲻ĳǰĻɫնȥ

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ҶԣɫʱһͣŹ躵һǸ
Ҷˣ躰˰֣˵ƾһҲǺõģֻⶫʦԣˮ֮ǻȥԽ֮У
ҶԣһЦ֮еĻץУ˵ҲܣֻҪȥˣ
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Ȼǰ֣Ҷĳǰ±ǣҩǰҿǷǰҪ󣡡
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Ҷ˼Ҳߴ٣ֻƷ裬֮ǰֹϾʦһЩǰɽ쵤ڵЩҲͲһ¶ֻϰԵΪſǣռһЩҩˡ
ãҶ˼ϣֻҶ۾ַųʮҩƿ
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ţ躲ɵĴ˸¶ԺҪֹҶֱ̬ҩ԰Բҩ԰ܹԼа
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СߺãЩӱȥѰģЦŵ


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Ҷԣȴû̻ش𣬶˼Ƭ̷ŻصսҾս֮޷ǿ죬ͣ׼ҪأٶȿռȻ׼ܿ˵ʤʱΧҪؽѵ
Ҫ죬ҪƶٶȣҪεı任Ҫѵ죬Чı޾ѹµӣ㶮𣿡
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ҶԣٺһЦųһֻ棬ŹûзӦ֮ʱݺݵĸһ͵ġ


ʮһ ۷֮· 310ѵ

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ʱ쵤һƫƧСԺ֮УһĻȤĳʱӳֻһСԺ֮ػصıܣ󷢳һޱȵĲҽС

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һȵĹâбһбȣʱâ֣âƣҶĹӿȥǵֵת֮

ഥҶĹǰǿᣬûκε飬һɹɵķâŹѹȥ
ʱһ£ĹȻҲǲֻâޱ𤽺ҪҶĹסҳҶڱȥ
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ŹҶǲϲüͷȴЦʵˣ
ԣݺݵĵ˵ͷˣѾ׸ͷԼȫʵαԼȫʵˣ
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ԣʱһ𣬶¶֮ɫкβңΪܿڣȻȥ׼ˣնȻ׼ʱѰҶ磡


ʮһ ۷֮· 311ٷ
ҶСӣ⵱ʦǵ˰ѵĴ㽫Լʱ䶺˷Сӵϣ
Ҷ濴ŹȥӰĬĬ˼֮ʱʧõǧͻȻð˳Ŀڵ
ǧ֮ԣҶ΢΢һ㶣Цô˵˷ʱأ񻹲ΪʦΪˣָĹҲõԼǰδ뵽ĸҰǰǣԼ㣬ĥֻҼƻеһְˣ
𣿡ɵĿҶһۣǧͻȻʵǿأȥˣΪʲôӦˣ
ҶԣȻһЦһòԱ㽫иս磬ҽǰˣ
ŵͷ
ǧ΢΢ͷ㲻պǰĹҲҪҲϵģȽĴȷʵڰȫģСŪǸʲô̶ʲôûУ
ұϣܷ֮ĵطһǣһȣڳޣΣգԱǳ֮ΪȣҴ˴ҲǴȥǵ̽һģ
ԼעһЩɣҶ֮ǧ΢΢룬һٶʧ١
ǧصʧˣҶ治İ˰ͷٶ˼Լ
ڶգҶСԺ֮Լ񽣷
ʱҶͻȻ;ͣ˽ԶȥΪǸ򣬴ʱҡҡƳҶϤĹһ֮⣬ڱҶ涼Ҫǿֵͨʿơ
ô£΢΢üҶ澲
һӳҶǰ
Ҷ磡ҶֳؽæЦſڵҶ磬ˣʲôʱ
Ҷԣûлش𣬷ǳİϸĴš
ҶˣԼ߸ŵλʦ֣æڵҶ磬λ쵤ڵ곤ʦ֣ջȥҸ˵İţǡɱĸ֪ĸ׵ҵİȫȥλʦ֣ڱǵİȫ
ùԣҶӦһʩһ񣺡λʦǴȥĥԼĥҪıΣյѹȣӶʹԼӳԼǱλʦֵ棬ôһεĥؽ޹Ҷĳλʦ־ʹȥ
ԣһۣ˵ͷһ˻񿪿ڵҶֵܲؿҶֵ˵ĵҲǵҲģֻǷ˲İȫⶣҪİȫֻˣд֮£
Ȼȴû˿˲֮⣬Ҷжʱһֲ֮⡣
Ҷ룬üͷĸҲĵΣϱûа׬֮£ȻҪջǱȻҪģǴ˴֮УҲˣҪԹ޻ڲǣҪһȥôоʹ˴ˣȥȥЧҲһģα˷ⷬʱ䣡
ҶӲӲɵӿЦⱣԽģΪ쵤ڵĵӣһûбûпɽĵӣȻΥ档
Ҷ˲һʱҲ֪ôˣֻ㶵ĿҶԼΣְ˱ƵҶȡԭȵļƻҲϧ
ĶˣҶ̾һҶ浹ǲǸʲôˣϾҲֻǰУԼĺӳ°ˣֻҶԼ׼򣬼ȻѾж˴ȥעͽ޹ôȻ˲ίԼ
̾һҶתȥʱһۺͻȻ
ҶСĪߣ
Ҷԣ̧ͷȥʱ֣ԭڲ֪УСԺ֮оȻϢĶһ
躵ĳ֣Ҷ΢΢̾¡
ҶҪٶ˵Եɣȴ躻ִϣҶСѲضԣҼȻ㣬ôڴڼһȻҲҶСܲסСѵѵɻɢҲҾԹԣ֮£ʵţ֮ƣҶСǧĪҪϲǣ
˵ţһӶһۣ˴ûǵˣȻȥȥɣ
ԣжʱϲ˳ֺã˷ȻоӦǣתȥ
ԴǱΣ躿ЦҡҡͷתͷҶ棺֪˴£ҶСѿɻʲô
ùˣҶﻹʲôֻ΢΢һЦ壬Ҷ壡
ǲ֪ѵɻܼЦʵ
ҶԣһЦȻ˿أҶȥˣ
ԣһЦ˹һۣ漴תȥ
ŹȥӰҶЦһƳ˹һۣȵʲô߰ɡ

ǣ׻С
׻ǣλǵʮ֮Уΰ֮ҶʶȸǸ֡
ڰ׻УҶĴš
ȻҶһονбϵ˽Ķ࣬Ǵ֮˽ģʶģվûԼʵڡ
ŴϸרΪ̣ҶʱԼ˵ҲǣԴҶҩ԰е֮л׵еĴУҶѾԼƺıɼˡ
ϾһЩĵҶԿؽȡʤǿһЩĵˣҶҲԿԴ޼ʤ֮Լ޼޷սʤĵˣǺĴҲ͸ӵû塣
Ǿôɺɼߣ
Ҷ治ģҶЩɼߣҶȴĺɼߣϾЩûǣҶһֱҲֻǽǵһõĳֵĹߣǺȴͬҶĸȾҶżߵϣҺǼߣҶ沢սеĸ鲻Զ
ǰЩ֮Ҷ㿪ʼĲĹ޵ѶϢϣҵһЩõķЩʵҶͨѰңȴеһЩмֵѶϢȴģģָǣڣҶǰǵԽһЩ
ٶȻصҶȻֶܿ飬ţҶʱԱߵһǧٹ֡ȥ
ǧٹ֡ȻΪŹ֣ģȴǲСۿȥһ֮Ͽǰ֮λʵҶҲ˽ģҶĵѶϢʾǧٹ֡һɢ
ɢƾԼϡŹֵļʶ޵ѶϢҽ䷷ɢڷѶϢͬʱչһЩϡ޵ѶϢö֮ɢҲԽԽ󣬵ǧٹ֡Ҳ鲼ʮǣΪǵһɫڡ
̴̤ţҶʱһĴ֮аڷһľܣľ֮ϣһöö򡣶ֱľţľ֮⣬ٵʿš
ģЩľ֮ϼصıһ֮£Ҫľ֮ѡǰ̨ʯ¼ݡûЩľ֮ѰԼҪѶϢԵҲľ⣬Ϊľ֮һЩǧٹ֡Ĳѧ֮ʿǿֱͻɻ󣬵ȻԴǵշȻҲȽϵİ


ʮһ ۷֮· 312º׼ƻ
еĺ棬Ҷ滺ڴ֮ѲֻϧҶ潫֮меǳǳ̽һ֮Ծɾɥķ֣ԼûҵԼҪѰҵĶ
Ҷ仯һֱҶ಻ԲĹɻĿʵҶ磬ʲô𣿡
һֻ裬ʵٶЩˣ˿ܷΪѰһЩֻϧ򣬿õȴ޼Ҷ˵ţҲľſһۣˣҽ濴Ҵڴ˴ĪҪ뿪
ԣʵĵ˵ͷ֪ˣҶǣ
ҶԣһۣѡǸšһֵľšľŵβһһšľűһģշҲǰֻҶʯԣȻϧΪһշʵ̫˰ɣʱ˿̣ľŶȴľȴʾ沢ˡ
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ź֮ģҶƿľţ̤СҶԭΪľһССķ䣬δ룬һ̤֮󣬾֣ԼһΪʯ֮У
ʯ󣬿ȴû̫£ֻһʿʯм䣬˵ĳ֡ҲҶ̤ʯҵһɲǣԭһʿʱ۾վ
̸ܣ֪СֵкҪ𣿡
Ҷԣ΢΢һЦһֱޣֻǾУٶ̫̣
֪ʲôƷףʲô磬ͨʲôʽġҶѯʣ̸ûش𣬷Ƿһѯ
ҶҲ֪ΪԼ޺ãҲĵĽ̸ܵһһ˽
ҶĻش̸ܻûش𣬷ǱĿòЦſڵСԣѾˣֻǲ֪СѿɷųһۣϾΪ죬ҲЩطǼΪҪȴСѶûעҲһ
ҶԣĿ̸ܺһӦһȡԼĴź˳
ǸĿռ䣬ԼòˣʱһҶӵȥ飬ҶҪߺʵ뷨Խļᶨ
źԴסǼ飬Ҷ泯̸ܿȥ
ҶǴѯζ̸΢΢һЦ˸Ī񣬶㲻ҶĻӦֻĶźв֪ʲôвʱһâ
̸ˣҶвɵĴԼǲߴطˣ˿ԼԲԾ˸òʲôⰮðɡ
Ҷľȥ֮ʱ̸ܷųıڵСѹи޳ʱ䲻ȴã챥ҺҲǸΪ̤ʵ㿴飬ɱֻ޵֮ߣ㿴ϵơ
̸ֹ˵źĺãҶȥͦ˼ģǽȴͷˣæֹס̸ܵ߶ֱʵѰֻ޿ʵİ취ģ߶߶˵Щʲô𣿡
ҶԼĳƪ̸ۣܶʱһľɵҶ棺ѵûֻǱѣչãպĳɾͶȻҲߣôԶ˼ʵģⲻǹСʧ󣬱
ҶԣʱһͣһЦǺǣⲻǿԼĻʵǽ̫Ҳ֪ģܽһʵսԣպ޷Чİҽսô
ĻҶȻû˵ڣ̸ȴҲ֪Ҷ˼û˻һģҾҶԸһֱźԺԣ϶ҲԸԼĳΪһĴڡ
̸ܿ󣬵ʱΪԼΪҶ׸ΪһȻб·ӶĻ˺һںҶԸ⻨Ѹ߰Ĵ취ף˿ɼҶֻ޵ˡ
̾һ̸ܿ˺һֻۣƷ׼ߣ˵κ˵ģֻȻҪȻҲᰴҪ󣬾취ӿֻ޵ĳɳٶȡ
Ҷԣʱһϲæʵǲ֪ǰʲô취ûУ
У취ֻѡˣ
̸ɫµĵǧٹ鵤鵤һΪ͵ģֻҪֵҩܹȵļӿ޵ٶȣ˵ٶٶȵʮϣ
ڶ鵤Ϊֱӣֵҩֱܹӽֻԭֱֻ죬ֻպֻ˿Ĵ죬ԵѡԼؿһ°ɣ
Ҷԣüͷʱ
ڶַ϶ǲȡģҶȴԼպػʵ߷壬ʱνֻһЦҲȻһ׵׵ķ
ڵһ֣Ҷ浹ǾúǲҶҲ֪ϲڱһַҪȵڶǿô࣬ҪûʲôƣǾǴҶҲŵġ
ɻҶȻ̸ʵ֪һ鵤ʲôȱݣʲô֮
̸ԣһЦȱȻеģ֮㣬֮࣬޺Ƿʳҷ˵鵤ôڱԴȻ˵ģպҲԲ۷һˡ
Ͼ󣬵Ǹҳʵ۷ȴûмˣ˵ӰӦò󣬶ַΪҪƾǵһ鵤ϣѡ˵һַôĺٷչڼ䣬ÿ·ʳһöٵöٵǧٹֵۼΪʯ
ʯ
̸֮ԣҶ治ɵľ
ֻʯҶȻںһ뵽Լպÿ¶ҪʯôִۣǲƴҶҲɵĵϾԲһܹĹ̡
Ҷľ̸ܵҶһۣȻ鵤ͲӦͨ޷ʳģǧأʳֵҩ޵Ϊ͵Ķһͨޣ
û̸ܶԼҶ뿪ʵǲ֪ɻİ취ܹٺɳ
̸ԣЦŵеУֻЧûֱӷʳҩѸݣؾһЧûҪķľ˷ԼӿĺɳٶңһͱȽϵļˣһؾȵĺıԴӶʹúʵ
ҶԣɫʱһҶȻΪǸʲôıԴʵķģΪǵһؾġ
ʧеãȻһؾҪԼջҲ죬ôȻҲô
ţҶ漴ѯ
̸ԣȻЦ취˵а취Ч͵ģȴҲ͵ģߺʵĿƺϰ
Ҷԣһ̾Լ߶ϵĺԴɿʵʲô취𣿡
̸ԣޱҡҡͷҵĻ˵꣬Լ˼ɣ
Ҷˣḧߵĺи뷨ϷӿãҶ۾ڵǰʮöмٵҴǿʹٳɳؾ
̸ԣοĵ˵ͷȡһƿһö򣬵ƿ֮鵤ʮö۸ʮʯ֮дҪطҪѾʮʯطֻԼʹãôˣȻǧٹֵĵˣ
ҶԣȻطĸ߰۸񣬿һºȴʹȡʯ
ǰһʮʯ̸ȴҡҡͷˣѯ£ҪʮʯԺϼһʮʯʮ򣡡
ʮѯѣ
̸ޱݣҶթˣ뵽̵ı֮ҶֻԼеƣȡʮʯ
Ʋ̸һۣҶ潫Уȡ̸еƿתȥ
ǾҶ漴뿪֮ʱԭĬ̸ȴٶȿڵСӳִ󷽵ķϣһϢ
Ҷԣʱֹ˽ŲŤͷʵʲôϢûʲôþͲ˵ˣ
̸ܵһЦϢһܵܣ˵֮һص䣬ⲿصܹķӳԼǱȤȥһ
Ҷԣжʱһ㶣ȣô鶼һˣҶ̸Եǲص仹ǷǳȤģԿʵ֪Ѱǲص𣿡
̸ԣҶȥһۣͷҪ֪㣿˵Ǵ˵ˣûͺˣҪ̫⣡


ʮһ ۷֮· 313׹
˵𣿡
̸֮ԣҶĪһЦ
ҶһֱΪ޷粻ˣֻһνĴ˵ҶѾνص䴫˵ļˡ
ˡǧٹ֡ҶŹڰ׻һҪע飬ҶرԼҵĶһ棬оǸ̸ȥˡ
ȡҶ潫ԼľУʱһѶϢ㴫ݵҶԺ֮С
ϸϸжؾҶüͷ
𣿡
ҶȡųḧźԴҶ濪ʼ֮ķͨǣ֮еķתڵԪ
໣
δ룬ԭ㰲ĺȴͻȻŭХƺ޾ʹһ㡣
ⷬͻı仯Ҷüͷʱĸвɵİ̸ܲصȻѻ˵תؾȻʹôʹࡣ
ȻǧԹҪҶʹ˷ȴҲǲܵģ΢΢Ҷ治ϵİź
ƺյҶѶϢԭһֱҪҶƵĺʱټҶֻǺХ֮ȴԽԽ󣬶ʹҲһܹס
źʹĺХҶвԼ뿪֮ʱ̸˵Ǹ˵
лᣬһҪõǲص䣡
Ҷа֮ʱһεؾʹҲǳɹˣֻӣ鼤ĳҶĥţƺڱʾԼļ
úˣҶ΢΢һЦȡƿٵ
ǰԣЩٵٶȵļӿɳıǿźּ֣ҶȴЩˡ
̸ԣٵı׶ҲǼСˣֻ޷۷ˣһ˵ûб׶˿ԣҶȴô롣
ҶţֻҪԼʱ䣬ԼһܹΪ۷裬񵽵ǲҪΪʮļٶȥ̤۷ϣأҶвɵЩɡ
֮Ҷ̾һװ鵤ƿ

ڶգҶ뿪˰׻ǡ
ģɲεģ´ãȻҪ֮ȥ
һ߱ţһ߿ʵҶ磬һҪȥﰡǲȥǸ׻ɭ֣
Ҷԣ²ͣصǣһҪǰһۣĵطʱҲͶ
ȣ
ԣ¶ʱһͣæʵҶ磬˵ΣмЩͨҲԸ׵̤УЩͨһµʿȥΪͨ죬ھͽȥǸǲһЩ׵
ȻѾΣյ׼ⲻǲˣպգȻҲǷ
ҶùԴ֮ԣҲֻЦŵ˴ţţΣȥһˣ̫Σˣǻһطˣ
ԣ΢΢ӦһҶ
֮ɽ֮УҶͣ˽Ų
ǰǸڶĹȿڣǰǿѹҶǲɵĴ
ԼౣطĴӮޣҪӵĻǲѵģֻ׸ôţȴֳΪһҶ漫Ϊͷ۵顣
ùţ
а룬ҶȴҡͷʱץһлԼʵʱԼһȥҲ֪ҪķѶٵʱ䣬ùҲ˴ɵȣ˷ѹıʱ䣬ⲻҶԸġ
ҶģϵҶЩڵҶǲʲôҪҪ죿

ͻȻѯԼҶ΢΢һ㶣ͷҪһˣֻʵǲʺôźã
ԣͷȻҶҪæҶȥæˣұڴ˴Ҷͺˣ
Ҷԣ붼ҡҡͷУʱôƽ׵ôʱ䣡
Ҷ˵գ΢΢һˣȥѰһʺĵطҸ㰲źˣٶ˾ˣ
ҶȻ˵ˣҲó
Ҷ磬㡭
ɵڸпҶԼʵ̫˼ˡֻǣһȴ˷Ҷ治ʱ䣬Ҳ֪ҶȻ˵ױ㲻ı䣬ֻǵ˵ͷҶ󣬳Զ۶ȥ
˼Ÿ·һ·ԡ
ܿģҶ˱һɽ֮⡣
ҶĲģɽ׹ȣϵյ֮һɽ֮гɷҲޣǳޡ
νޣһ޸ӦɷӶµޡ
ǣȺɱ¾ΪܵɷӰ죬޷Ϊ裬һҲô٣ԺԸ˴֡
Ҷ룬׹ȴǼΪǺιģ˴٣ôһЩ±㲻ͣôܽܵĥ
ԣҶ濴˹һۣ㳯׹̤֮ȥ
ԭЩҶˣжʱ࣬æҶ󣬳׹ȥ

߼䣬һŭһֱɷͻȻһӵĵطȻ˳˫צâҴɷ֮
ͻȻϮɱޣҶЦһȴûȡؽǽ²ЦŵޣһѣͷСϻʵԼΪͨ죬бĺö󣬻֣
ԣʱͣԼҪĽŲ׻ȥ
ͨ𣿸׻ϴϢȴоźԼǿְֹ
ȻҶѾڣȻ룬ֻǽԼľеͷ׻ϣŸβɱͷ׻
ڹ֮ʱͷ׻ȴôֻ࣬ŵһŭ׻ʱ㻯һâŹɱȥ
ԭ˼Լ㣬ȴ׻ȻѸݣʱһ㶣Ҫ룬ȴҶԣͣ½Ųӽػ

һ죬ٸһɾԼ㲻ɵĵ֮Уɨӵٶ׻ʱһá
ʱԭЦŵҶͻȻһЦâһһʱƿն׻ϡ
壬׻һȻɢֻƺս˵Ĳʬˤڵϡ
û׻ĲʬҶߵǰŴڵһҶʵ֪Լ𣿡
ԣվ˵ͷ֪ˣҾս̫٣ս֮ʱδģԥûȷĴ޵Ĺ
ҶһЦ֪ˣҷŲߣˣ
Ȼ֪ҶΪͻȻ˿̱ǹʵĻصҶ֣ҷſȻɣ
Ȼ֪Լ⣬ôԺͬܺܿӦˣҶ⣬˵ͷսһнֻһ֮䣬㷽ŵķǾԼ޷ӲǱӦùϵߣѰΪǾԼ޷˿ôƸۣ׿һйǣʹԼǿʽǿһ
ַôҲתۼܡһб仯ҪԼжϣҲֻΪһָˡˣ黹Լ˼һ°ɡ
ǰԣȻдΣһֱߣôΪؼʱҿ϶̲סЧۣԴӽֻΣ֮Ҿͻ뿪ʱһоͶҪԼŬˣ
Ҷ˵գҲٿɫΣֻǾֱ׹ȥ
ҶȻֱ뿪΢΢һͣæϣֻƺ˼ּ֮ɫ


ʮһ ۷֮· 314
֮׹
һȺĽģʱʱɽѪҺⲢһϷ˴ԸһӰ֮ҶϢĹۿţüüͷ΢΢
ʱţҲ˺ۡ
ھս֮ĹȻЩ˺ϰΪˣԹҲԽսԽ£һӹı֮зȡһͷͷ޵
ɾڹԽսԽ֮ʱһ֮ͻȻ
۾ȥֻҶһȥ˶ԼϢΣг裬Ź
Ҷһ֣ЩǼ˵µǶʱֳһǣҶܲ˶
ųԼɱǣҶЦһѾ׼õĳһ㶼ϧ˳ȥ
䣡
죬ǳҶɱȥҰǶʱڳıը֮ըǧƬ
ԼһôȫЩûǣҲ֪ͻȻðһԼǲæܱӶɢ
ҲӲ֮Ҷ濴Цһ˫˲ڶ෨ʹԼ޼
ֻʮСâҶпٳͣܵǼȥһʱ䣬žɭ֮ʮ˻֮
һߣҶ֣ûаֵϲ֮⣬ԼеǣɵĳԼȥ
ãһȴһԭڹ󣬴ʱһʬ壬ö˵һɱԼĸӦ͵͵ĴԼϮɱԼʱڹԺ֮зӿ
ҡͷȥԼе룬ںҶ磡
ҶԣһЦˣ
ҶȻ˵ЩףǹȴҶ˼ԭǰҶԼֻΣ֮Ҫ뿪ùԼһΣյɭ֮
ҶԼûʲô뷨ģչ룬ֻҪСһЩȥЩʵǿޣôòʲôΣա
Ǿ⼸ŷ֣ûԼ֮ǰô򵥣׹֮е޿ɲܹ࣬Լ׹֮е޸һȺӣֻҪԼ΢΢̤Ǹʲôν޵ĵ̣Լͻӭͷ޵ķ񹥻
ֲޣûкܶľ飬֪ǰһ˭ĵ̣ҶΪĥһ·ҲûжѣԾ͵˹һ·ֻҪϼͻһֻһȺޣùһ·˼Σա
Ҷһγ֣Ȼǵγ֣Ҳ˵ն˵ԼҶϾҪ뿪ˣֻ¹Լһˣ֪ĵطĥ
ҶǵȻݣԴĵҶ磬Ҿʵ̫ΣˣҪȻǻһطô
ģҶвϲȴֺܿȻˣͬԼСԿ࣬С󣬿νǽͻȻҪתԼֲԸѶȿ»治С
ȻѾ˹ʱ飬Ҷȴҡͷ㣬ҲǿѵģֻЩҪ˵ǰͷǹȻΣգȴҲʺĵطˣطȻȫһЩǶĥȴЧ㱾ͱһЩͬĽܳʿҪüٲץʱ䣬ץסᣬôҪսʤ࿡ܣΪܿĻ˵뷨ֻǻһΰ
ԣ϶ʱ¶˾֮ɫ
һػԼİ֮ߣֵֵأ
ĬĬ˼Ͻ¶˼֮ɫɫµĿҶлҶĽ̻壬ˣڴ˴úõĥԼ
ҶˣһЦȻԼˣǾˣҪȥˣԼСһЩ֮ʱĪǿ
Ҷ˵΢΢һȥҲ֪ʲôʱܻĥԼһ֮һûлôԼȥɣ
ԣĿҶһۣɵӣȻҲ֪ҶԼҪҿ»ɣԵ˵ͷ׵ģҶȥҲҪӱأ
ҶԣһЦҲٶԣֱתȥ

⣬Ҷȥ
һҶṳ̂ȵڲǽüͷǰĻζȥӰԭҶ淵ش˴֮ʱȴͻȻǰЩӻΪǾأʱȴͻȻ
Ҷɻ֮ʱһӰͻȻҶ۽֮С
ӰҶ۾ʱһԭҶͻȻֵ˲ˣҶ浱СԶùˣټԼδ⣬Ҷֻ΢΢һЦȡһʯԶȥ
ԭеԶͻȻӦ鳯Լʯ󾪵ĳԱȥҿٵĳʯķȥ˭͵ϮԼ
ֻǴҴһƳԶȴʱ󾪡Ҷ͵սˣĿӡԶУټҶ棬Զʱһӵͷ
ֻʱԶѾע⵽ԼҶȴ΢΢һЦԶ֣ʾ
Ҷ֣Զһĳ͵͵̽һۣûʲôע⵽Ķ΢΢ԥ֮æҶ漱ٶȥ
Ҷ浱ԶµĿӡʵ̫ˣʮˣֶʵԶΪļɵ
һԶʵʵҶǰ
ʵȻͨһԶҶ΢΢һ㶣ԹϲûֻǶ̶һûȴѾƿƿ̤ͨǿϲɺذ
ԶԣԭͳԴʱ΢΢¶ԵЦգ⻹Ƕǰ֮ǰǿˣҪǰ󷽣Ҳ컯
ҶԣÿɷЦЦҶ֪Լö˻ȷʵܰﵽԶæȴûȴûԶ˵ôţֻҶȴԼö˵жôǸӹԶʱֵӰô¡
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ȻҶԼĻͷԶȴһ㶼ЦЦصǰ֪ҲЩģǷڰسϵģ
ڰأ
Ϥ֣Ҷжʱһ󾪣۾ĶԶһ΢ǿƳԶѹȥʵ˵ڰ˭Ǹʤĸף
ԶܵҶĿֲϣд󾪣æǸͷصˣǰôˣ
ԶĻظҶȴûٶȻش𣬶鼫Ƚ䱸ĳ̽ȥҼٵĽԼϢԶһᣬԶɶݶȥ
ȴҶ뵽ڰصֻܹϢ裬Լĳ־ǸΪͨĴ֡


ʮһ ۷֮· 315
ԶԭúõģȴͻȻҶԶƮȥͻı仯Զʱ󾪣ԶôǰܹһΣҲ֪Ҷ沢ˣԺʵһҶ¡
ʱҶԶһɽ֮УҶ漴ԼŵԶ
ǰղôˣҶɫָԶСĿʵ
Զ˽ţҶ΢΢һЦӦ֪ģɱʤڰأڰطܹѰǣԡ
Զԣ΢΢һƵĳܴһۣʵû°ɣڰسϻ᲻׷
Ӧûµģڰصֻ費ʱ̶ҵģҷֻΪ˱һˣҶ˵գüͷ΢壬ɻʵղ˵ǷڰصģڰʲôҪ
Զԣɫ΢΢һ⻹ǰԼǵ飡
ǵ飿ҶоԼһֳԺļ󣬺ݺݵĵԶһۣҶȵʲôӣİ˵
ԶҶһɣʱٲԣæڵ˵ȷʵΪǰǰٱǣʤûɫǰΪǰɱʤĸڰ˴Ҫ׷ǰǰǿûбڰصóѣڰʧȥ˶֮Լļѡһ֧ڳӡڳҲһ֮ˣʮֵóڰصĻģԽԽԽó裬Ϊڰ֮ǰһӣڰضڳҲͷǳǳ簮ڳ̤ͨڳڰҪһֻƷ׵裬ڰ۰ڳ˼֮ѰҸƷ׵޵
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ҶԣһЦûвԶֻǾΪˡ
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Զԣüҡͷȷʵ֪ڰڵʵȨϣһ£ЩﻹҷвԸȴҲò֮
ҶԣĶԶһۣȷԶԷ֮󣬷ȡһʯ䳯Զȥţ֪ˣ·£ԼСһЩɣһεı꣡
ҶݹʯԶǲĽȴ¶֮ɫ
Ʒʯ
һɫԶɻĳҶ濴ȥƷʯɻһʯֵش󣬸Ǵǰࡣ
Ҷˣ΢΢һЦƷʯŴ鷳㣬ƷʯҸı벹ɣ
Ҷ˵գҲԶĻӦֱڿնʧԶ۽֮С

һߣڰشʱԼϵĶڳһЩȵľ档
ͻȻڰصüͷһ壬һֱƹƺͻȻð˳
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ڰر󣬿ڰؾȻһ۲ȥڳжʱĨ񶾵⣬΢΢鴤ĸڰص
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ڰزʥˣڰҲԼ׷ڰҲһԼܹ۷壬ֻϧڰҲ֪Լ츳ֻǷеţеӹţⱲĵλȻ컯ˣպǶһּȵ
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˭㵽ʲôĿģֻϣһβҵļƻȻɣǰȣڰؿ૵

һߣ֪֪ҲںҶʱС֮š
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ʮһ ۷֮· 316ڰص
Ҷ滹û߳ȴòֹסԼǰеĽŲ
ΪǰʱֻΪﵽؾޣ·ϡ
ҶæСԼΣϸĴֻޡ
һֻѪޣʱһɽ֮ϣ΢գȴʱʱɨһܡԱߣһŹ֦ϣ˫۵·Ҷ治ǰֺֻ֮ڡ
һֻӰſһ鳤Ÿ߸ҰݵĲݴ֮Уһһ㣬ֻӰǲ΢ѪҺͨҶѷֻصޡ
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еɻҶϬĳɨɫȥǿҶоԼ۾ҪˣȴûзʲôĵرӰӡ
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ȻⲻҶҪҶһԡ
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˺תҶٶȳɽڵλƶȥûҶ߼ҶٶȿԵɥ
ˮ̶֮еĺҰ֮ϵѪǣ߿ĽͲһٴ赲Ҷǰе·
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Сڸأʲôط
ǧͻȻҶһ󷽲ŷӦصǸʲô֮Уֵֹֻģһʱ䲻֪ΰźã
ֵֹģǧԣʱæʵʲôֵģ
Ҷʱû⣬æԼ˵˳
Ҷ˵ǧ΢΢Ҳ֪˵ǰҲ˵Сӿ湻ģ㴳ȥͲ͵͵Ĺȥ
͵͵ĹȥҶԣüͷʱ΢΢һҶһֱϰ˴󿪴ϵս͵͵оʮֵĲóҶҲΪԼ⺣½޵̽´Ƭ
Ҷг˼֮ʱǧ·ҲӦҶ뷨ЦſڵСûУеأǻ֮ܲеأǾ뿪ɣ
ҶԣԭԥĶʱᶨ뵱ԼƾԼõĵһ֮ϵ׭ֲŵõ˻ԪƪԼ⾫ʵν֤ƪԼ֣Ҷôܷء
ţҶ氵ĳǧʵҲóǱٰβĵĴȥ
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ĬĬĸǧķҶڱв֪ĸ׷
תۼյʱ͹ȥˣյĸټǧָ㣬Ҷ׷ҲԽԽϤ
ǼˣҶȴ޷߼ˣǧԣҶȻ׷ȷʵ̫ˣҶľǺθģҶԼָ㣬ҲҪһصʱܳʦ
һգҶٴǱٷҪɢȥתķȴͻȻӦԼҲǰĵطƺһɲԪ
ӦͻԪҶĿʱΪ֮һ
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ӦǱߵԪ仯ҶԺ֮еһʱ両ֳͷΪҶ⼸յ֪̽ҲפֻޣﾹȻͻȻԪôȻǿ
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ֻһҶǰֻڵĵط
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Ҷ涨ȥʱȺʿ֮зʶģǼԶֻһȴдڰء
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ڰνǳвʿͣԼʽ¶ɫĿڰء
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ʮһ ۷֮· 317޴ۻᣬ벽
֮һ߸ߵƽ̨š
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ʱˣȥ̽һɣЩôڵ˶Ͻ뿪ɣҪŵǵĴ£ǳͻأģһΪŤͻȻ
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ˣӦҲ֪ǵĹصģԼʵ뿪ɣȻ˺Ͳˣʱ˿̣ɢȥ˵ֻԼһˣҲ֪Ǻʲô˵
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ĿͻȻֵˣ˳ԵɣҪٱҳˣ
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˱ΪԼһֻ޹û뵽ȴתæӦ֪ǰкҪǰ˵ܼǶƴǣ
ҵҪ󲢲ߣǿڴ˴ĦΪǱ븶ʮĹʮҪһĻˣĵӲѹΪ
ԣʱһΪѣһõĸսԼˣǵЩҪҪ֮ԣ׻һʱнûס
ô׸ɲɣɫ˴ߴٵǲɣǻǿЩȥɣȻҾͳˣ
ԣжʱһݣһۣ׷ӦԸ⣡
˴ӦҲ΢΢˿㲻ֻǾվţȴĳʱĵ


ʮһ ۷֮· 318°벽Ĵ˵
һߣҶԭĸڰص󣬴ѵս˿ĳȥʱ֮ͻȻһ֮
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ΪʲôЩ޻£ĵɻҶҪʱǧȴٵĿڵȵȣˣǸϽ뿪
Ҷԣжʱ棺Ϊʲôʲôˣ
ǧԣҲشֻһĴߴٵȱˣǸϽߣٳЩˣ
ҶԣȻɻ󣬿ȴŶǧΣֱŤͷٱȥʱһ·޵Ҷһ˺ۣص⡣

һʯ֮ϣҶ洭Ŵʵ˵˰ɣǺö˶˵ΪʲôҪűܳ㲻˵Ǳ㲻˵ֻҪҴŲǾżҲҵĴڵ𣿡
ҶһʣǧûĿڵСӼֱ֪ôҪҸղųԣѾѪùˣҲʲô˵Ķˣ
ҶҲ֪ǧԼãǲẦԼģԷҲֻƵˣǧѯʣҲǺ˵鵤Ҷ濪ڵʲôްˣҲоżޣѵйɣ
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еģҶ治ɵѿʵǰأǸ躲˵ǰҲǰ벽ǰΣһε׽ʲôʱص
ҶĵѯʣǧοЦЦ׽ͷأΪЩΪʲôĴڰ׵ϣŲŲģһɬһ㣬Ϊ׽١ô꣬Ӧ׽֮ˣֻڵԼΪǿʱ򣬿ԼҲܲһ׽ٵĿˣѰƫƧĵطѰ˸ǿвһ󡣶˲µҲõģܹⷽضְ벽Ϣ̽ӣӶڰ׵£ܵ׽ٵ׷٣ֻһӴԺҲܳ׵ˣΪһ׵ǾͻܵޱĴֱɢ
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Ҷԣʱһ㶣󷽲òƵȷӦ׷ЩʱæԼľתصϡ
㶵ĸӦвһɹǿƣҶɫķס
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ҶĲϸӦһǿϢҶĸӦ֮С
Ҫ֪ҶⰡңԶҶȴܸӦǿƣԽ֤Īǿ
ЩŵԼĿˮҶǧʵⶼʲôôһðôǿ޳


ʮһ ۷֮· 319ǧ壬ڰ֮
ҶʻǧƲƲ죬ô֪û˭֪ʲô˵ҵҲǺ浽ʲôأͨһȺ벽ǿһ鵹ԽԽˣ
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ǧ֮ԣҶʱͷߣĿҪ飬ȴú棬Ҷһ㶼Լʲôĺġ
Ҷ֮ʱǧĻٶҶСӣѵ˵һҶԵطŶԪ֤Ǻ˼
ЩͷӵҶǧ֮ԣвɵһ
Ҷ治ɵ˲Լʺϲ͵ģڵ֪еǿ֮Ѿʼ뿪ˣֻǧٶǻϵأҶʱ
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ǻǧԼһһһУҶܿͽԼЩǧɸɢ
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ЩҶԼжϣжǧжҶжҶҲѡǧһ·ʱǧǳĲףҶ滹ѡǧ
һѡҶǰǼǧԣԼǰ̽أѡǧǵ뿪ϢȣԼǧֳһӵĸҡ
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ҶΣҶԼĸоΣЩǧһֱڿġ
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ҶˣǧЦһԼ֮ǿзֿһʶ
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ʱҶʶ֮еǧӦҶ˼Цŵǲպ鷳ھɱˣôʲô
ҶԣʱЦϣ˵ЦˣڰȻ˵ˣվձֻͨˣȱˣպȻлġ
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ʮһ ۷֮· 320
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ˣЩûͺˣҪһֱȥţǼ⣡ҶһֱĬǧڵ
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ʮһ ۷֮· 321º
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𣬺Ҫɸʹ죬йһԼеϲãǻûչԼĳֻŵáۡһĽʱȮµĻָ˻ȥ
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ںϸϸ֮ʱȮȴһ¶ЦգɢȥԼµĻ֣˲˺ࡣ
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ȮװģģҶ΢΢һЦȴΪϵ¶ı飺ֻʲôǰлֱԣ
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Ҷעӣ˵ͷ˵ĶģЩǸص֮жмصġֻȻû䣬ֻʣһΪĺܡ
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ҶҲûȤȮЩ˺ԼĴ֮󣬺ʹĵͷӦ


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ԣ룬ܣҶ֪ܿͶϣҪһε֮ʱܿ飬Ϊ£ҶܿǰЩкķྫ̵ңҳΪܿĻˣһȥμᣬʱһֻ֤ҶȻûпУôˣ
Ҷԣʱһ㶣Ŀ۹Цŵû뵽Сӻͦ˼ģᣬΪܿ˵һ飬ȷʵ
Ҷ˵ţ΢΢Ȼⷬ˼ôұһȥһ˾ˣ
ԣһϲȴЩɣⲻǵļƻ⡭
ҶùˣһЦʲô⣬ҪͻƣǶǻԵЩϵģһͻأˣҪˣǲھҪˣǣ߰ɣ
ԣæ˵ͷѾһж׼ˣҶûĻھͿԶ

ǣǴ⡣
ĴһİİĳУҶȴͻȻֹҡͷԵĴš
֣ҶĹļ򣺡㿴ʲôأģѵҲǵһﲻ
Ҷ֮ԣٺһЦҶ֪ǰЩʱŸܿˣ˵Ҫһμᣬ뿴ܿ᲻ǣ
ҶԣȻһЦԼܿ˰ɣαң˵ˣŨŨ֮ʱܿˣﻹʲô顣
ԣɫһ죬˵ЩʲôʱһԼʮƯСͻȻ˳
ιǲǽйǲ˵


ʮһ ۷֮· 325
ôôûò㻰أô˵ǲ
ĻټСŮõСȻ֪СŮ˭ȴҶ͹˵жһμСŮһɺøС
Ҷ͹Ťͷ࿴һۣ㶼Щ֡ôһСŮ
ЦŰȥشǰҾǹСýʲôְô֪ҵأ
СŮԼ֣ʱĵЦˣǷǽҷͺˡܿҸһšԣҾʹ
ܿʹԶʱһ㶣֪⵽ô¡룬ʱĻŭšӣЦСŮͷܿʲôأԼôû
㿪ԼͷϵĴ֣̫˵ŤŤԼԴܿҸ㣬ھ׼ʦ֮ûа취ǣǾһ𷵻ȵĻɽ֮󣬽ǵģ
СŮ̫ԼЦŰƿȻҶ濴ȥҶ磬ȴȵһЩˣʿʦ֮ǰԡͼ֮Լ۷ˮƽԡ
û˵꣬Ҷȴ˰֣㲻ýôģֻῪЩʱգҴһߣܲһЩʲôԵǲ֪ʲô㣿һСȥȣ
ԣ϶ʱ¶ɫҲЩҪܿʦԿ²Ҷһˣ
ҶԣǺһЦ޷չҲµʱ䣬ЩҲֻڴ˴ߣٿ֮ʱ֮ܿʱҶȻ׼ʱֵġ
Цŵ˵ͷҲãұ֮ϹҶˣ
˵գŷһЦˣ߰ɣ
ԣͷҶһۣСųŲԶһվȥ
ǸԼ˶ע⵽Ҷ˲ɵһĵ˺øߵΪȻ˿˵Ĵڣ
ƺҶ״һЦҶ粻ؾ棬һɣڸ߼ʿȻҲ٣ҷŻѾͷôҶܳԭǱˡ
һߣǰСֳ˳˵ɫȹЦŵ氢̣ҵѾˣھͻȥɣ
ԣһЦֹһСŮıӣСŮ˵ôôඣ
˵գŹ˵ͷƮĳԶȥ
ˣһæʩչ׷ȥ
Ź뿪ӰҶ浭һЦ˷һۡ
Ҫ˵ǴĶΪҲûж˽⣬ͻȻֻʣҶԼһˣȻҶеʴӣ֪Լδȥ
ҶĴ֮ʱһעšӡֵĲ۵ӳҶ۽֮С
鲼ȫӻ꣬Ҷ浭һЦȥ
УһӵСʱҶǰ΢΢ɨһ£ҶʱֵڷŵĶ඼һЩͨʿʹõԴû̫߼Ļɫ
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֪СЩʲôҪҶһۣЦݵʵ
Ҷ̬ĺãҲö˼ӣ΢΢һЦҪһ¼ೣʶͫ͵Ϊȡ
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ҶԣĿ۵ȡʮöƷʯֵЩѶϢϵСȻҪѡõģֻǲ֪ͫΪλۣ
Ҷ´ʱЦˣСѺˬͫ¼ĽǵĻѶϢеȴǴһһֻͫǼ򵥽ǵķ飬ɲ֣ЩֻһЩǳǳĽܰˣС£ֻ軨ϸʮµʱȻҲܵó֮¼ѶϢڶֵͫʯг˵һͫ¼ĻѶϢ֮⣬һЩʿĽܼǰСѿ˽ϵСѿٵǣڵͫΪأϷ׷ӵļ¼ϵѶϢһ¼һЩһͼʿ֪أﳬֵ
Ҷ潫Ͷ뵽֮ͫУʱöͫȷʵһǵİٿȫһ㣬ݼΪࡣ
֮ͫгͫ봢ָ֮УҶʵǲ֪ûбҷŹͫҪͬƷ
ԣʱϵЦҡͷСԷûУֻСҪʲô֮µĻȥ󿴿ӦûСҪѶϢ
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౦鲼ǸǣСģֻڳһѰҵԳ۸ϢΪ˲ȡ޶ƸСҪһЩʲô֮£ֱȥѯķ㣬Ͼ֮£ǲۻģ
Ҷԣ˼ĵ˵ͷҪѯһЩ飬ʱȴʿ˽
µĿͻҶǸЦЦҶһԣкµĿ
ҶˣȻЩˬȴҲûľ߳
߳ӻ꣬ҶҲûм뿪Ѱһ˵Ľ䣬ȡԼŹöͫϸϸĽ
ʱ仺ת۱һʱ
ãͫ嫵ѶϢ֮лعҶ治ɵĸпһɽһɽߡ
ҶԭǺأΪзǳѵһ裬ǺҶȴ쵤ǱǸӵ죬Ϊ쵤ɣŸָ붼벻鵤ҩҶȴǲӦ췱Ϊֵ
ǣλ췱в
ǷǳĹ췱֮ΪһΪ쵤ǵ屶ϡҲΪǵĹ˿ѷɫԴҲ;£ޡ
࣬Ϊȴֱֻȣʳζʳ񸮣ԽĽţ顣µɣ
ȴΪǿɣϻɣЩɶǳأǶѡ̬׷ڴ˵Ӷͨ
Щɣ֮ͫҲǳϸ˽ܡֽܣҶ泹׵׵ǵķ
֮ͫУ˶ɵĽܣڣЩ֮촫˵󣬶֣ҶҲɵ󶯣нһڴ˴úһ뷨
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ʮһ ۷֮· 326
Ұɽ֮УҶȻĿٱš
ʱ÷ɿ죬ҶѾаµʱˡ
µʱҶ水֮ͫϵϸ¼ܵĸɽأʶ˷ǳǰ붼ûµҲҶдࡣ
ֻΨһҶеȱıԼΪһֱûͻƣҶҲǿػҲû̫żϾɢҶҪıһԵԵҶضֱܹպ;Ϊ̹ȻǻԵҶǼҲûκεá

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Ҷ漱ٱеĽŲʱΪ֮һ͡
ˣòǴǰģҶܿжϡ
ǰˣڴ򶷣ҲζҶǰ·ͨǻҪԭȵļƻǰֻ·ǰˡ
ֻҶûΪһС±ıԼļƻϰߣοò䣬ҶҲЩˣ΢΢˼ҶʹǱסԼҵΣȻĳǰȥ
ʱҶս֮⡣
Ѱһ֮Ҷ澲Ĺۿš
һɽ֮ϣһŮƾնŮԼʮģһҡҷˣʵһѵõľˣֻŮӿʱʱQġ֮ȴɵҶüͷ塣
ŮԵһԼʮӣ˵ĴֻһϮ£ǳ򵥡гһľ¶ŭɫ
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ŮԣһƮζ㿪ľһڴЦŵӹ˵ﻰԩ޳ģλ㣬ֻڽҹӲΪòޱȣмΪĽǧѰһû빫ӾȻ̬ԣѵҺ޲˹ӵ˫𣿡
Ů˵ţ¶һɼΪĵɫ
ģܲΪ֮ݣں޻һɲǣҶһִӳȥúýѵǸһͷ漴Ҷ㽫ָо˦Դ
Ů˵Ĺǿ
վԭأҶ濴źŮӵ۹ⲻɵһ䣬жּɵ֮⡣
ĹȻɣŮӾǺηʿ̬
Ҷаֹ˫ȴĶ꣬뿴Ӧԡ
ԭĶźޣ֮ԣúϵ֮ɫ϶ʱӿһĨ죬룬һ˵ЩʲôʱеľȴͻȻһââֻһɫȴ˲ָ
оԼĲԾɫһһԲĻԼӻƣЩӵָ²ϵŲƱ仯ϳһһĪ󷨣ӵ
ԭ룬дϲԼɹһתȴƴ䣬ԭ˿ȴѾѹһƣνԴвɵĴΪա
ϣû뵽ӾȻôްȻԺôúأ
޻˵ڣһɳȥޱĳ嶯ʱҶӿֻҶ˴Ѿ˷ټ޲ҶʩҶֻĬһƪķ㽫ɳ嶯ѹȥֻˣҶɲɵаʲôˣǾŮһһУջķˣ
Ҷ֮ˣǸս֮ڵ¹ܺõȥ
ֻɫ࣬һһƲ֣ϳһһĲ֪󷨣Щ󷨲ϵĲţƺź޵ջħһ㡣
ӵֿ޵ķţҶ۾ʱһгޱߵĺ棬вֹʲô󷨣Ӧð󷨲ӦҪʱ䣬ܲõ𣿡
ַźֲóƣƾЩϳһ󷨵ĶȻЩòƲǺǿ󣬿һȴˣʱأ˳ʩΪֱһּװͨ
ҶипϣǺȴûҶôõ飬һĽܳӣǰЩеƿԱߣȴӡ
ڵּǹиطЩطǿ߽ʿİĽӶʵֿٶڵӵʵ
ʵͣǱǼΪպĳɳռ伫󣬶һһƣȻҲú֪ӵĵϸ֮¶ģһҪӣӳΪԼĻ֮
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ţǾµݶʱԳһֺɫͻȻԳһƥɳĺ⡣
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޼ô״ȻһЦҵжţΪҵϵһһûֶΣǶȻŵģӳֶ֣ȻȴԼĽɷΧ֮УȻˡ
޿пЦţȴû˿ֻͣͣᶯ֮Ųתӵһ
㣬һʱ䣬ⳡսЩһֱȥľ
оսֵĽ֣ԭֱЦĺ޶ʱüͷΪݺϣһ£ΪʹõǷطܼʹԪӶԪģҵսûı£ҵӴ־սսģյĽȻܵġ
ţ˫˲޾нȣ鶯Ǭģ鶯⣬ɢ
ź޵Ľȣԭһֱ׷ӰĺʱͣӲĿ֮вϵı󣬱䳤
ģʺѪĺȻʧȡ֮һƯ֮еĹӡ
źӳͣЦһߣӣȥ
ź޵ʹԭͣͲĺɫӶʱ
ֻһͻȻһѪˣǽѪͻȻɢ޾Ѫ㣬ĺɫϸͨһĳӷӿȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 327¾̹
ѪɫʣӶʱһȻѾٶ㣬ҲΪϵɢȥûõ編ת
ת˲䣬һӨӨ֮ӵڿն
ԼɢӨӨ֮⣬΢΢˿ҼΪһַ޼ӫ⣬书Ϊ赲һв֮ϮȻ֪ѪɫʲôȴҲԼҵķš
ŹţȴǲڶԺŮκεˣڽ޼ӫȹ֮ȴҲûǿٵĹڶַ
һߣ޼ֵ֮ӨӨ֮ȴǲмһЦһڼΪطһڵѧϰĻᶼûУѧط֮󣬵ʹãԺ޼Լһбضܽӽ
ںаƶ֮ʱƮѪɫҲ׷׵ӵӨӨ֮ϡ
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ӸӦԼǲϱĥӨӨ֮⣬жʱЩˣ޼ӫųҾأôʩչģ֮˲㽫ΪµķʩչΪһӼдررѾĵʩչȴһʱˡ
Ӳʩչȴֲ֪ĸֵܵǰЩѪ㣬ϾЩѪԼΪ޼ӫⶼĥķ¸޷ֵ
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ǰɵĪĿͷϷѪɫӣȵкԴȥ
ӵĺȣǾתĻɵķʱһɼǿԪһɵļʸռ䣬˲Ѫ֮С
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ӦԼԽԽ壬޲ǿţֻǶ񶾵Ŀһ۱ȡһѪ챦ɿʧڻɽ֮С
ź޾ɵȥҶгɻ󣬰Ѿ˵һˣΪʲôûгûֽɱأ
ΪӲмڳ֮Σϧߴʲôı
Ҷɻ֮ʱԴ˹ĵͻȻ𣺡֪ѿɿˣǿˣɷһ
ҶӺĻ΢΢һ㶣ʱӴʱĶԼĵطľ΢΢ƺʱ׼ӻһ㡣
̬Ҷʱ֪ԼȷʵǱӷˣĵɻҶɢȥϵǱٷԳ
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ҶԣĿһۣ㲻ȻԽʹطһûаɱǸŮ£
ԣҡҡͷҲԸҲǸŮԸ䵽У֪ܲŮ
ҶɫףȴԴԴϵ˵ţʱ˻֣ϵˣȱ˵ˣ㻹ǸϽ취ȾԼɣ
ԣһЦҲµģֻЩˣֻҪЩʱձָܻҶֵģƶһȫĵطˣ´ǸŮعʦֵ̽飬ʱĻڴ˴Ǿˣ
ͲҳֽˣҶϷʵĿӣҼǵòһЩñǽɱˣҵˣ
㲻ģ֮ǰһģ񿴵㣬ҾȫˣܿóҲһ߰ˣ㲻мֹο֮ǰ˵ˣԸҲԸⱻڵץסͽȻҵĨڡ
˵Ǹ˵һ׸ǸҶҲֻҵʿõ˳֣ĵõֲãֻܷڴռ䣬ù
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ʮһ ۷֮· 328첨
Ҷ䣬Ŵ̹ǵķдԼϻĹɹɴʹӿһιҶֵܣܲ㣬Ҹоܰ
ҶԣЦһ㲻˵ǸŮʦֵܸ׽ôڲˣ
ȿȣ⣬Ѿ뿪ûңӦþͲ׷ˣ
˵΢΢һ٣ǸҶֵܣұйεܣְҰѷеסòã
ҶԣƲԼӣ㵲סҲǲԣֻҪȻشһ⣡
ԣɫһʲô⣬ҶֵܾʣֻҪܻشģһش𡣡
ûںӻ֮˼Ҷ濪ʵҺܺô֪Ҷĸݴ֮еģ˵ˮ׼ӦǷֲ˲ŶԡҾһεķϣϣҡҺöעһ£´Σ
ԣɫһɣǺһЦԭС°Ҷֵ֪һϰߣǱĵʱ򣬻ڸһЩǳ̽ⷨ󣬶ǡҶֵܷŶصĵطһµķԵҶֵܳʱұܵ˷ѶϢ
Ҷԣʱͷĺߣ·ѾľȻֹϰߣҲ˵ԼһαǴĵùûκεˡ
ҶţһһĹâʱӵǰӵסӭľ硣
ûлѶҶܿҵһƫƧɽȣһߵɽȣҶͷѰ˸ƽ̹ĵطӷڵϡ
뷽ѾһξˣＫΪƫƧҹǲ˴ģָԪô
ԣ˿ΧܣȻЩطļª뵽ԼǱƽô࣬ϽƻָΪãЦŵ˵ͷصУҶֵܳˣֻڴ˴Ϣձָܻ糣ֻǲ֪ҶִֵȥЩʲô
ҶԣȻɻôûйϵ飬ڵҴȥʤϿһˡ
ʤϿȣֹһŤĿҶһۣҶֵܲҪϿ֮еķʤɣ
Ҷԣҡҡͷ⵽ǣֻģ˵ĻصڴʦµΪҪȥһˡ
ʲôģҶֵǲϰ֮ˣȥҲֻһڴ󺰣ûа취еİҿҶֵܻǱȥˣЦȰ
ҶӵȰ룬ûмſڻش𣬶ǹĶӿһۣСӲϽȴҵЩ˽ʲôҪʲô뷨ֱ˵ĺãȻھҪˣҿûȤֹ
ԣٺһЦ𰡣ҶֵܲҪ߰һȥҪƼҶֵȥһˡ
ɵĿһۣҶʵʲôطƽ޹ʵĸƼʲôõطòʲôıưɣ
Ҷ˵ţӵҲı÷
ӼˣжʱһͻȻҲӣֱ˵ûûʲôıƣҶֵ֪ҴƼҶֵȥĵط첨УһΪصСУǰûʲôϡģֻȴӦú֡
ҶԣжʱһЩ֮ģҲߣЦʵô첨ʲôϡôͻȻˣ
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ԣʱһ΢΢ҶһۣҶֵܿɲҪ˵ʲһһΪȻͨ죬ұɡã˵û⣬պȻһ벽񼶱ǿڡʲڣԼΪóʲһƽҲΪ˽ѣԵѣһʿвڵìܣȻԸˡʲһκö˶˵ΪʲôٿһξۻᣬҾͲ֪ˣ룬ʲȻųĶһĿܣôνĿӦòоҷ֮ĴڣȻʲҪ˴ۣһεľۻֵܳĶȻǾԵĿʱΪܳĵǿǿײ취֣϶кϷġ
Ҷԣ˼ĵͷҲ¶˺֮ɫԣҶݺᣬһûƥеģУսպԣУҲҶвɵһ԰
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ֻתۼʱ䣬еƻδͣǾɫȴȻӵ֮⡣

˲䣬ǲϼеľ۷絶ʱȶеɫ١
ӦԼҷı٣ɫʱһ䣬ûӦԣɫڵؼ٣оŸڵ㣬ͬһʱײ˽ܵ
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ǿޱȵɫǽܵзҲ֧ŲסȻ顣
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ӰԼãȻ˲Ÿոպ֮ʱҪһθص֮ʱצĴȻٶȱ仯СŤתΣƹӣ𣬶һɹɾҵԪɢ֮С
ԼͷǻδɢԪӲɵĳһ亹ΪӷԼվǵ͹Ҷ棬͹ޱȵնԼͷϵԪԼıУôǲҲҪԪ𣬸󶯡


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ҶԣϷŰһЦʸһμǸ첨еľۻˣ
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Ҷԣڰ֣ȻֻҲ֪˵첨ںδ㻹ǸϽ·ɣ
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ҶΪĿȻҲ޵ĻڶС
΢΢һЦҶֵǺ棬ǲսһսˣ
Ҷ˵Ļһâðҷ޳˳Զ֮⣬ϲľǴˣôʹķϣʱҽԼΪѹһ㣬սʹ죡
ҶͶһսԼ΢΢Цŷ޷һۣҶֵܣֵȻǱԻǲģϣֵʱһ֣ǧҪŪʲô
ҶԣЦͷһģ
˵꣬һˬڣæ˻֣ˣˣȲ˵ˣ˴ڸϽҰűչ֮ʲôҳ˵
ԣϲˬ֮ɫƻ˶ˡ
ȻֹϣǷվ֪ӵżԼΪĻ˻֣ŷڶȥ
ǰǷ˶Ҷ桢Ӷ˻һۣæŷ׷ȥ
һڷ޵ĴһƫƧʯ֮⡣
ʲôطʯ֮ϵһʯݣӿʵ
ԣٺһЦ첨ʯڣȻҪչأȻȫˣ첨еҲһʯ֮бչأＸ˵зΪɭϵĵطˣֻҪ˴ô;Բ⶯֣ûᱻ֮еĻ׷ɱģ
ԣһʯ֮ϴССʯݣЦŵ˵ͷȡһƬȻˣҾչˣұչڼ䣬Ѱңֻ飬Ҿͻģ
ȡ飬Ҷ΢΢üһαչΪͻƿͻƵĹؼ֮ʱǴˣ˴£òʧˣ
ԣһЦģ鴫ݵĸӦʮֵǿңƽ֮ʱȻӦǵ˹ؼʱȴܵӰ졣
ٺ٣ȻɢޣȻȡе飬޹Ц˵
û޵ĹģӳҶ˵ͷʩչΣԶһͷȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 332½ʶ
Զȥ˶Ҷǰ˻ӣ٣ɵˣҲ߰ɣ
˵ţǰȥ
ŷľٶҶ浹ûϾ˵оģԼΪ˶ǿֵ̫ˡ
ֻҶﻹǰʲôʱӾúõĴһܣһ֪Լɲһ͵ͨʿ
Ҷа룬æڷ޵ʵȥǸʲôܴٿж೤ʱ䣿
ԣƲƲ죺ȥǣҽǸܽܣ֮飬ôֲ֪СˣҪҴ·ʱ֮䣬ֻҪͱս㣬ҪǷǾͺˡǸܴʲôʱٿ֪أһжҪʲǸһôˣҹӦÿˣЩʿԴ࣬ʲҲﳣģϾԽԽ࣬ӣʲҲûǷס棬ҹٵһЩʱգĿٶһЩʲͻٿˣ
ӣֹһֵ֣ҶĿŷޣ˭ôô֣
ԣٺһЦ⹷ҵʦܣֻΪרʳ֮֮һر㣬鹷ǶųΪӣʱһӴģֻܺӾͺˡ˵Ҳϧǰ֮ԳȥΪŵСӵζȥСӵģû뵽飬ȻŪСֱӾȥչˣҲ֪ǻ᲻᲻ˣ
ŷ޵ģҶǻһǲʲôıҶԼұ£ҲǺ⣬Ҷ뷨һ򷨣Ϊ˭µ˭
аҶĴѯΪҶ淢ϵʵ̫ˣֻһöô϶©ܶҪĶЩ¹أ֮и¼ġ
㣬Ҷβϵѯ֮УһƧĴԺ֮С
ԺܴӺܶ࣬ʱΨһ˵ȻмǸΪҶĸӦ֮УֻһϢĴ
ϸϸӦҶʱмǸ֮еϢԼΪʮǿĿ²ѷɫǸذ£ģҲҪͨ졣
˼Ҷŷ̤Ǹмӡ
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֮˾ҶǰӦģȷʵǸպʮˣֻȴȫеģлŮġ
ŷ޴Ҷ߽ԭھŵ˶ʱվ
תΧҶ濴˼ۣһӵ˵ȿڵιӣʲô֮ǰŵӵϢҲȥģôûӴСһ
ǰŪȥˣӾ֪ԣˣ֪Ͳȥˣ
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ȺԼžĶŷһ˵Ҷϲɵ¶һЦ⡣
⼸쵰ž˵û꣬һԼСһﾹȻҷЦ޶ʱŭˡ
дһ˫ʱûԼļ˦˿ȥ
ιӣôģ˵ǻ붯䲻ɣӴӵЦŵ
ߣʹһ㲻ɣһһĲм
Իҵĳ棬Ҷ治ɵЩͷˣ⵽ô£ЩǿôΪʲôҸоҲֻǿһء
Ҷɻ֮ʱм䣬һֱԲĴͻȻ˻֣ڵˣȱˣ˵ţ֣ÿ˿Ц𣿡
ޣǽһλСֵǺˣٸ˵˵ôö˶˵ľûˣǿҲŲӵϢˣ
ԣɫһݣŴӷһһʶ˸λ£˵黹ȴС˵ɣӦҲ֪ģСһǸùǸ޸ˣأȻûб޷²ȴѺ޸˸Ϊ˱ԾͶذղȥСӵʱǡɾͱذ¸ײˡȻ֮ﷶΧҲڽֹĵطذȴǹȥСĪֹ˼䡣ذ´ѹСӸоѹɽԱȥչأǱչʯŸǰѹȻҲŲСӵϢˣ
˷޵ĻüͷҲ˵ˣذһȥԸʲôõĵģѵΪ컹ȲǸذ²ɣ
ԣ΢΢һ㶣Ȼæ֣¶Щ֮ɫ϶ǵģ籾ǿұ̳ذǸܱȵ˵ģֻҸղźҲΪǸѹһʱˡ
ԣʱЦõҡҡͷˣˣȻԼûãôһ˰ɣӱչˣ񿡽ܾۻۿžҪٿˣСչжãοСܵذµѹǿбչ׳ֲأϽӻ
ԣ΢΢üҾڻСԼɣ»֪СӲ֪ʲôʺˣȻ˽׵żû⣬´μСӵʱСӾѾͨʿˣ
˵֪Ҷ棬˽ɫ󾪣໥ֹ
һʱ䣬֮еֵͦġ
˺һ췽ſһ˻˾ȻˣǱȲˣӹɳأȥϲޣܸøǽһλСֵܵ˰ɣ
֮ԣ˶ǵ˵ͷĿͶҶϣбǿҵĺ֮⡣
Ӧ˵עӣҶҲû⣬ֻǵȻһЦʵϣڷ޸ղŷϻƪʱҶѾȻĽڵ˶һߡ
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Ҷ˵עеȻЦмƲƲ죺Һ죬һСӴģ˵ѣ˵ʵǺúдܵһﱾ²󣬿ǲСֻͨ죬͸սңΪҲЩʵƽӹķʿأԽ׶ս
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ǵã򵤴֮Уˬĳ鵤ȴԼ²òһоֹǳĺѣ˿ûˮҶ˺ӡ
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ĽܣǿٺһЦҶһ񣺡Сֵܺãʧ֮£ȻӵѣôҲҷǿˣպҪҵĵط㾡ֱԾͺˣҷǿԲƴǵģ
ҶԣЦŵͷ񣺡Ҷ棡
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Ҷ룬ԼҲȷʵûʲôȥЩҶ濴Ҳͦ˳۵ģԵ˵ͷˣҲˣ
Ҷˬ죬˶ʱٶЦ


ʮһ ۷֮· 333캣
ʱתܿҶ̤첨УʶѾʱˣʱһһ£Ҷܿ뵽Ⱥ֮С
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Ҷԣʱͷ߷һЦҶ濴ˣ𣿡
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Ҷԣһ㶣ΪҶԭȵ뷨˲ֻҪ֪ͺˣȥô࣬Ļζ֮ԣҶʱһ㲻ͬѰζ
΢΢˼Ҷ滷һۣʵȥ
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ͬɢ޳һȥϾôһڱѾǰǲ޶Եģ
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ҶһѯʣЩ۾ɣȻǲ˼Щҵ飬ҶתˣޣǸȴ۾ԽԽвϾ֮ɫȥ
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ҶԣȻһЦֵܣͬˣȻһﶼȥôٵأֻǲ֪һȥҪķѼʱ䣬ۿỹ¾ҪٿˣǵʱûиϻǿϧˣҿɻӦһҪμأ
Ҷ֮ԣ¶Ĵ֮ɫЦŵģǿ϶֮ǰϻģͷİɣ
Ҷԣжʱһ棬뿪ʣʱȴ˻֣ˣˣȻҶҪȥǸ캣ðգôڸϽȥϢȥɣȥ֮ϵĵвɲһЩƷҪֱǰ캣ˣ
֮ԣ˽ǹЦ׷ɢȥΩԴɻҶ档
ҶɻɫһЦˣûʲôģҲȥϢɣĻԵҲһεð֮أ
ҶԣȻ֪ڸʲôȻû˵ҶȻҲûȤȥ׷ʣҶֻǵһЦ˵õģϣˣתȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 334ʲ
첨бչʯڣĳʯ֮Уʿ
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Լֶǽüͷһ˰ֵˣˣ벻ˣ鱾Ͳڵĵģ׿ԽʼǧѵһţֻҪúУôʼպȻĻᣬˣٻٳһЩ£ֻܷſľͺˣ
ڲ˼ʲ֮ԣʱһ㶣󻺻ҡҡͷ常صң常ˣǺúˣѰָǡ
ʲĹ֮ԣһЦҵԼֻô󣬻᲻ʲôⰡҪ֪Щ˿ɶǼЩϹҲûһǽģ㽫Ū˵أƭǽ캣캣ޱߣһ̵ģҪ𣿡
ʲԣ΢΢һЦ¶ŵЦݣģһεļƻǾƵģһ飬Բвġ캣һյ޵׶ʼЩڴѹػ˶Ѫ˶Ϊ캣ۣʼλٳûһֱͣһλ֮ϣȻѾ˳ʦˣȻҪΪһ㲻ܰ峹׵İٽһЩǿԵġЩһĿ֪ܲеأԱջ֮Ƕ֮£Ȼ캣֮ĴЩħʲôֲۣʱ߱Ȼս˱ɽЩִ֮ɱ캣֮еޡ޵ȣӶΪ常պķһЩѹ常ĵǵİȫ⣬Ǿ͸常ˣЩʿһܣͷϵı´ĺܣ˵ûһЩϼһ˱ôɵġһҲȷʵΪָһأԵǳ֮󣬲ǵ鷳ӦøлǲŶԡ
ԣȻͷƵԽԽˣʼܵ˿ܣʵ֮Ұ
ʲԣһЦ常ˣҲֻɱһЩޣǳױ캣İ취ȴûʵ常Ŀޡ
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ĳ̾ʲüʵ˵ֻ֤ð벽캣򣿡
һ㶣˵ͷҪ벽캣ռ֮ѷ죬ǰ벽񣬸޷ֺ
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ʲ̾һüһɫǿɲİ벽֣һȥһˣڵ̫ϳϳһΣ
ԣһЦеģ벽Ҫ׽ٵĿ飬ִİ벽һЩϼһЩϼһﶼԳܲ׽ٵĿ飬ԶˣһȻǻɢĽ֡Щϼһñ壬ʲôʱ˾ΣǱ᲻һе֣Ȼ֪һγ֮Ҳ׽ٵĴ»ҷ𡣵½İ벽ȴͬ½İ벽źܳһʱڣƾ£Ҳܳŵùε׽٣бǺܳһε޵ң캣׵ˣ
ʲ˵ͷüĺɫȴԵԽŨңٵĻӶһºɫȣʲɭȻĵʼͻȻֲܴ£Σɻɼפѹ
ԣʱ󾪣ʶȻ̽ȥ
ãӦһջʶֻɫȴԽԵĲ԰ѿ
صĿԼָʲɫѿô뷨ʼұ֮ԲŻᵽأһرһǧʱ⣬ڼٿۣٴ󣬿ʼȴδǰκεϣһǧ꣬ϣ£ȴҪⲻԻǰ𣿡
ʲ⵽˳ɫһŭʲεһֱžܵñӣһֱֻзʱֻܹԽ԰׵ݣ΢΢ָʲвһϵŭɫȥʩһ񣺡ֶ˼常
ˣҡҡͷջָʵҲҪԹô֮࣬һʧһãʼ޶˷ôȻҲΪ֮Ļر
ʲԣʱһлرʲôرΪʲôǰδ˵أ
һЦû˵Ҳرʵ翵Ľʼش˴˵ǻⷽصİΣйʼڴˣûһħ֣Ǿ˵˿Ƕж˶йжľٶȻй½£
˵΢΢һ٣ʵ֪Ϊ
ʲԼĵͷ֪֮ֻʵⶫȷʵΪ֮ֻô֮ʱȻ֮ʱȻ˳˳ˮ˿ƿȻЩһЩأȴΪɶȷأԻԵʵ֮£
ʲ˵ţüʼйУôʼôû𣬶ǲ˥䣡
ԣǺһЦȻеģ˵󲻾Ļȳش˴ڳǷ֮ģҲͼı˴Ĵ󹦵£ֻݴ󹦵ȴҲôõĵģҪĴ˹£볹׵Ľ캣
Ҳ˵ֻҪҳΪ벽캣ôʼұõϴ󹦵£Ӵһ˳¡ʲɫĲ
˵ԼδɫΪֻҪ캣Ϲ½£ʼҲԻָɣǿϹµİ£Ϊ췱֮һΨһ
֮ԣʲųâ
ҶˣһŬģ常ĺˣʲ˵ţʩһתȥ
ʲʧӰһЦ૵Ȼǻ۳վ̫һЩЩôϼһˣŪģϼһвඣ


ʮһ ۷֮· 335½캣
ʱ䷭תܿģһϵʱ͹ȥˡ
ڶһ磬Ҷһ˯֮еʱһɤӱ㵱죬Ҷ˯֮ѹ
Ĵѣ򿪷ţҶһĿǸеĴӡ
ģааģи갡
Ҷ滹ûԣһɫͷɢŮӱѾָޣƿմ
Ů䣬Ҳһɢޣֻһһ벽ĴУټ׿ԽѸݣսǿ˿ѷɫˣֻΪõĴУԸҲͱȽϵƫԻһ㡣
һ֮ɫһ㶣Цӣòεļҵ˧ˣȻЩгĶڹؼʱҸ˰ɣ
һĳЦҲδ֮˳ЦĿֳһɨѣ׺׷ɱ޵ӣб˿ѷɫڷ޵ŭ
ȹ˺һһڵˣˣǽ컹Ҫ£ȲˣϿɽԼҪĶǺˣ
ԣ׷ɫһ࣬׷׵ͷð֮¹غǿԿЦġ
ˣ˵ͷȻˣ߰ɣ
ܿģ˱˷֮еġҵ֡ϡ
Ҫ˵ҵ֣˵ҲʲŹĵģʿҲе˴׬һʣԳʲǻۡ
ǰֹ̣ס˽ŲˣڷͷжɣԹԼҪĲڹԼ֮˴ȴˣ
ԣ׷׵ͷɢȥ
˷ɿɢȥҶ״ԴΪҶԼʵûжҪģҶһ·ྭգϰʱʱ̿̽ԼҪĶãҶûоʲôսιսӡ֮սվҶֻƾ豾ʵûʲôģԸ貹Ʒ
ˣ£㿴Ҳã˵֮ⷻлЩʲôϡĶҲ˵
ţҶ澶ֱڸ֮й
ʱ仺ԼĪһʱ֮󣬴һȻζҶصԭء
ֻǻص˴Ҷ淽ŷ֣ԭʱѾȫˣʱ˵ЦŵԼ
ҶͣЦһԽŮӿʵҶ棬ôôòŻѵҪĶܶҪĶ乻ûУ
Ҷԣ΢΢һ㶣ƣǰٻڵĵմӣһ˫֣óŪٻ꣬ȴһ֮ٿ˵ģû뵽ȴͻȻˡ
ЩɻҶҡͷҲҪʲôղֻģڷ˹䣬ûʲôöû뵽ôͻˡ
ûзʲôöŮӺʵ
Ҷҡͷû˺ụ̈һɫûʲôģ
ģֻһаˣһЩĵ̣һЩᣬ׻ᣬȻöȡġ˵գԶȥ

İɽС֮ϣҶʵ磬֮ǰ˵Ǹ캣ﰡΪʲô֮ǰ˵ģ
ڶǰԣͷҲŤ׳һ򣺡ʲԣ캣һΪƫƧɽ֮Уɽʼ䷢ֵģһֱΪʼ˽˵СؾڣֻǰЩؾһħҴ֣ʼûռؾó顣
ӹҶķֶãһ߽ĸ˵һ߽֮У̽еѶϢ
֮УҶʱһΪɽˮͼɽˮͼһȺɽȺɽ֮һΪƫƧĴɽɽ֮ϱ鲼Ÿָɽɽһƽɽ˶صıǣɽȻҶһеĿĵڡ
Ҷ潫˻ȥڵѾƫƧˣֱǲ׺һڣı־˭ҵǸɽȥҲ֪ʼҵںǸνħôȥģ
ԣһЦɫµĵ˭֪أҷһȻʲǹɢԵ飬ôһ˿϶˸֣Ǵ˴βҪСЩħģҪעһʿټҪ֪һοɲͬðգһܽǸɽ֮еľûһǷ׵ģȻڱˣȴҲʤ˱ˣ
ԣһݣȷʵҪԣǸղŶЩһ㣬ΪֻһԽϸѶȵðհˡ
ҲμӹؾðգҲռ˱˵оֻЩˣ˷뼯˭Ҳ˭ڴԭ̬һ˱ʿǿĻԴ
˳Ĭ֮ʱͻȻڵ磬˵ǸʲǸ˵᲻ǴǸ캣֮໥ײ֣Ȼóû֮
÷֮ԣ˽һ㶣֮˱Ѿ׷ҡͷ
ģҶɵӣǰгԹģȻҲΪЩС¾ƴģǵʱֻҪ̰ģȻ󱣳һĽ䱸Ͳʲôģ
˵Ц֮ʱԭɵĵͻȻһԾ·ɽŤһһ㣬ͻȻҶҲռȥ
õͻȻıУ˽һɻ󵥷ôˡ
˸ɻħȴңͻȻĹĥжʱ󾪣Ҳ˲ԼΣæһһĥ״ӭǴϢķɽȥ
䣡
һ죬˽ԻعȻ֪ͻȻֵĺʲôǴǹĸԼ˵󣬶Ȼ㿪ֱͣӻӲȻʦܷ͡
ûԥ˷׷׳֣һʱ䣬ʮ׷׳źӼȥؽâĿɽһ
ӭ칥ĥ󺧣ĥ֪Щ˱ͲԼǵģǣԼЩ֮еκһ˶һģαǣĥ۱ǼΪġ
ʵĥڷųַʱѾǼȵĺˣΪĥ֪ԼһܹȻٳɹô֮Σ㱻ˣôõѡŤͷܣǸвȥɡ
ĥǰȻòǵΣ֮ʱĥô뷨ֻһֳɵıǱǳǾһȴػ
ԥĥæҪԼûбΧӳ˵
ֻĥͷȴͻȻԭޱʵɫͻȻתڣۿȥȴԭɫתڣ̶̵Ϣ֮䣬һĪĴȻɣԼʱȻҲǱеһԱ
ֳҶˣĥ۶ʱһҡ
ƴһ־ܣ
΢΢˼ģĥۺܿԼѡ
ֻĥɫһ࣬ϵẖ̂Ҷ˹һɽɢĥۣλѣ
ĥ֮ԣ޺ٺһЦһ㣬ȵ˭ǵˣ˵Ҫĸ󣬵״ʲộ
ĥԣɫһ壬ڣʱһͷȴͻȻڵ˵滰Ҫ㳶Ȼǻܲ˵ģ
֮ԣҶ˽ɫһ䣬һָӲƵĥۡ
ԭرͨ׭رһصܣܹڽ£̽ԷһЩģͷȻرͨҲǷ˵ģһվرǰôֻҪر룬а˳ɵĻܹ²еһ뷨˳׵׵ıһ͸ˣһͨʿվرǰرȴֻܸоһƬޱԨʲôӦһнرʵΪ׼ģر֮Է֣ôȻǷЩʲô
ݺݵĶĥۿ˼ۣЦٺ٣֪С˵ʵҸС˵ģλ˧ͨ㷽һŸǳԲű˧ѣˣڱô࣬ʵʵİһж˵ɣȻǾͶȥˣ


ʮһ ۷֮· 336ħӰ
÷֮ԣĥжʱ޲ãԼôЩ̬
ȻпⲻĥۿҶǳĿ⣬ǷǴľ޴ƣĥٲҶԥæڵλĪ㽫˵˵
ʵҲĥ۵ùϣĥû£Աڷ֮䵴ϣĳЩ֪صĲʿʿȻûһʺƣû룬Ҷǰų˷Уĥۺž͵˴ù
ΪҶ˵ͻȻðһӣڿԼһһµĥ֮󣬶˵ֱӳסĥۣȻĥϣԶԶĵҶ˵
ͻȻܵⷬˣĥڸпĪǿʵͬʱҲ޵ľš
Ҫ֪ĥ۱ͲʲôͻȻ䵽˵УĥԼ̬ƶϣĥ۾ÿ϶ԼСĵĳˣԼ֮ǰץʱСץĸ˵ķˣԼˡ
Ǿĥھ֮ʱͻȻðĺȴҪĥҶˡ
ĥԣȻͷɻ˺֣ԼزʶҿҲûʲôԹΪʲôͻȻץԼȻҪԼɻ
ĥҲʲô֮ˣȻɻ󲻽⣬Լ˵УæĴӦдһߣԼתܣԶԶ뿪˴ˡ
û뵽һħһɣĥ˵ֶȴӸ߳ȻҲ֪ĥ۵ԱѰһطдһĥ۵ӡеӡǣ÷ʱѰĥۣһв޼֪˵ûС
ԭͻȻð˾췱ħ޼ˡ
ԭħȻãıȴǹϵĸ߳һҲʲμνĿܴᣬħǶνĿܴû˿Ȥģħе÷ţԱӦ첨תת
ħת֮ʱҶӰȴͻȻħǰסħ˫ۡ
ţҶֻܹסħע⣬ȻΪҶ泤ж˧ΪҶħ˵ħ棬ҶǵģǡãǵħҲһܣǱг
һССĳǹʮϰ꣬ħȴεļУʱʱ̿ȥ
Ҷħг˼ȻħǰħȻҲᷨ⿪г𲻱
ֻҶ˻һħûлҶ֣ħԳֲ˺ֵĶ֣ԱȥҰ֣ȥúõһħ˵Ĵô
ħȻȥҰ֣ȴҲҶܣҪȻҶܵˣҲˣ鷳ˡ
ħ˳ץһźͬ˵ĥۣвԼȥҶǣħ뷨ĥۺôҲұˣʵҲͨ죬ֻҪĥʵʵģֻǸҶ棬⶯֣ôһоͲ⡣
û룬⻹û೤ʱ䣬ĥ۾ͳ׵ıˣʹʹĽħ˹˳
ĥ֮ԣ˲ɵ
ħ֮췱ν׹һͻȻԼˣ˲ɵĲԵУȻ壬ӮҾܣֻҪ˾ͺã˼ħ˳ģҲ˵ӽԼҪʱ׼һͷǸĶš
ֻڳҲո˵ԼҲǺںնɱʿڳһԽսǻּƲߣ֪һ򷨣Щվһ𣬲Ҫ˵һħˣʲˣҲն
ţɵĽĿͶ䵽ҶϣǺҶôħһһֱţûȥ
о˺ϷʣҶȤİ˰֣ˣȱˣôźã޼ĴҲ˵һѲҪȻʱ뿪ǰɣԼһ˵ĻҲҪһЩܴӡ
Ҷ滰û˵꣬ȴѾ޻ִϣ˵ʲôƨȻӦһȥ캣˵ҪԼ뿪ʲô˼Ǵ𣿻˵ʲôһ˷㣬ܴӣƲ𣿡
ҶԣҪڽһ£ʱ߰˰˵ĻҲ
ǰȻ˵һȴ˵еǼȻһͬһͬȥǣôΪһħ˵ֻ
һħˣΪǣ

˷ӵĻҶ治ɵ¶һЦı顣
˶˵ˣҶ淽ֻ¸һЩν鷳ˣȻǶںһ˵ʲôأ֮
ԣʱһЦŶһħǺԾ֮˵ϾҪȥ캣ˣһǴҶİĵطħٶƣҲòϵģ
ҷɽ
ۣ¶һħһСˡ̬Ҷ濴ȥ
ҶˣɿЦа֪Լǰǲ˵ǻǡ
ҶЦ飬ڰֵˣȻҶֵ֪ˣôȥˣһ¸ôһɣ˵ųŴһԣ¶ޱ߿־֮ɫĥŬŬ졣
Ҷԣ϶ʱһɫʲôģ֮ԣֱɱ˾ˣһģҲʲôˡ
ԣ΢΢࣬ĵҶɱⲻСڱɱˡ
Ҳ֪Ҷֻ΢΢˼ı׷׵ͷϾǽŮ˭ϻûмģǴƣȴҲбɱ֮ʱ
ʱ޳ȴͻȻЦЦڵʵҲһǰԣӦûģҷѾʹ˴˵ʶޱߺڰ֮ܿȥˣԡ
ҶԣĿ޳û뵽ֵܾȻⷬ£֮ޱȣҶ
޳ԣЦҡͷǻǸϽˣȻϽ߰ɣȻǸħϻˣǾ͆ˣҪȥѰҩأûȤ棡
ԣǵͷǸ¶ޱ߿־֮ɫĥۡ
Ȼ޳ֵķһѣôǾͲɱˣֻһɱҲ棡
Ҷ֮ԣ޳΢΢һЦɢȥĥ۵ʶơ
ޱ߿ݼ֮лعĥ۶ʱΪҶҪԼɱˣæҪɱңǲɱҵģǸħҵ˽ƣɱңƲ֪ͨǸħһḽɱҵǸ˵ϣǾӲˣ
ԣʱЦ
ɵӣʲôʱ˵ҪɱˣЦʵ
ǲɱңĿҶˣĥ۵мȵĲ⣬ĥ۵뷨նݲ紵ԸϾɱ
ĥǴ͵ݣһЦȸ֪֮־ĥӹô֪Ҷ˵̬仯
Ц˻֣ˣɣϣܱ㣬ôͱǸħ׷ɱУǰҪٸˣȻǾһԲ˵ֱӽ⽴
Ŀţĥȴޱһ㣬æͷȡһֱնȥ
ĥȥӰҶͻȻ૵ŶǺ˽ϵıе
Ҷ֮ԣ˲Ŀ࿴Ҷֵܺȱʯ𣿡
Ҷԣҡͷȱֻ˳ʰսƷҵϰ߰ˣ
Ҷ˵ţͻȻŵ쿴ȥˣֵܣô˵ģ˵ιҾȻ˿֣
ԣҡҡͷⲻҷֵģǷǿңҳģ
ҶԣŷǿǸӣʱȻ


ʮһ ۷֮· 337¾
˸ٵĵùҶ˰֮صͼ񣬰ͼܿҵԵǸΪƫƧƽɽ
̤ɽ֮еָʾ߹˼һΪĵط
ʱ˿̣˵ǰѾûǰ·˵˵ǰѾɽһ޾Ǻȴããģûһ˿âڡ
ǰããһƬ֪Ϊʲô˶оЩ㷲һۣ˽Կ˶Էи߶ȵľ֮⡣
ҶԵطˣֻطаŰĶźɫǺ
֮ԣ޸¸һЦû£ֻҪСһ㣬֮жٵطǲȥģ
ԣ׷׵ͷȻˣֶܲܿģԥˣ
ԣһЦʲôʱԥˣֻСһˣˣȻ׼ˣھ߰ɣ
˵ţȡһسһԾʱûޱߺĻ֮С
쵱ǰУѧ׷ԾĻ֮С
ĻҶʱоԼԭΪȵͻȻķô£ǿռ䴫ͣһǼԶͣϸĸӦһб仯Ҷеľ֮ԽأΪҶͻȻоһ˵ƺѾԼǰԤơ
Ҷɻ󲻶֮ʱһϵͻȻҶԺ֮
ҶСӣ㲻Ҫôָĵطһžŭ
Ժ֮ͻȻϤҶжʱһϲϰԵĴǰû
Ҷ֮ԣողŴޱ֮ǧʱһľôô˵ģϣ𣿡
Ҷԣʱ֪Լ˵ˣæصǣⲻǾǰһʧٵ̫ˣʧٵ̫ͻȻˣеĵ
Ҷô˵ǧӦһûһӣȴӲʵȱ˵ôˣȸ˵˵ô°ɣôֵطˣ㲻Ҫ𣿻ľˣ
Ҷǧôŭʱоܲ죬ǿʵֵطʲôطʲôȽر𣿻˵
Ҷʻǧʱ֣СôԼҪȥĵط֪ģ⵽ô£о˵˵ҪȻС˵Сѱˣ
ǧȻܶʱ򶼲ףֵĵطҶоԼûϼһȽϺãԺľͽй캣򡯵˵˳
Ҷ˵ǧʱһɸߣȻܻ˵ƨƨҶСǱƭǵģͲʲôνؾǶϵˣ
ϵˣǧ֮ԣҶʱһ飬Ҷһֱ˵еʲһԵôˣǧôܻ˵е뷨ʱЩҡˡ
еľɣҶ泯ǧʵﵽʲôطЩʲôΣգ
ǧԣ֪ʱҲûٶӣԻصӦ޾Ŀռѷ֮У㼴ȥĵط򱻳֮Ϊռ϶ֿռ϶Եʻһ㶼δ֪磬ÿռ϶֮ʱһѽ٣Ǳδ֪ĴᳯϮԳа벽񼶱Ĵڣطĸתռ仯ܹ׵ռ϶ȻЩûϵֻҪ֪ΣգǳΣգޡħȻǳǿ󣬶ǲ˿Ĺǣһһô·һûܾȵ㣬ȻûʲôҪͼıģôɴ໹ǸϽ˳ˣȻΣˣ
ǧȰɣҶϸ룬ȴҡҡͷǰ˼ˣȻʲôʲôôҵʱСһЩˣдģ
ǧΪҶԼȰɻתͷ뿪Σյĵطû뵽ҶԲģȻðգʱǧŭѡ
Ǿǧ㱩ŭȰ֮ʱһ˺֮ͻȻǧԺ֮ڶ𣬸ӦԼı仯ǧεķ̾һٶϢĳȥ
ǧİ̾Ҷһ󲻰ǵҶٶǧȥѯ֮ʱҶȴԼȻҲǧĴˡ
̾һҶֻôٶȸӦһеı仯
ܿģһ³֮еĴҶʱٶѰԼֲ֮С
Ӧֱ仯Ҷʱһ鸡԰֮ϵˡ
ûԥҶ˵ǰ
վڸ԰֮ϣҶʱпкúõĴһİ硣
һԺڳ磬ããգڶģֻļĪԴš
޾֮УңԶľ룬ܻһЩֵֹƷЩһľһݣֻһεȻɽһһ㡣
Ҷ̧ͷ֮ʱȴԼԭȳ֮һ״ϱ仯ѷ졣
ѷ죬Ҷǧղ˵ЩʱٶΡ
Ĳ򵥰ипҶ泯ߵ˿ȥֻ˴ʱҲɫ쳣Ĵš
Ǻһ˲õĵطݺô꣬ССؾҲʶ˲٣ȴûֹĵط
ã֮лعվɷһ졣
÷޵죬ǿٺһЦԼʶٰˣֻһؾˣʲôôСֵģҿﻹͦ˼طִ߰Ķֶ࣬мؾĸо
ŷǿ֮ԣ˽һЦԷǵĸоطִ󡢺мؾĸоⶼʲô߰İ
ⷬԭΪ˴̫ԵͳҲָȻԭҲΪ֮ࡣ
Ǿչ¶Цһɲǣԭƽ޲ĿռͻȻһ𵴣һֱʵĿצ
ͻȻֵĿצޱȵľ޴󣬶צ֮ϵҲָâ¶ƽһ㡣
צͻȻѹ£˴ʱоΪ֮ʣԵȵ˷Ӧ֮ʱʱȴȻһЩ֣ȴҲо˶֮ʱ֮
ۿſצҪѹ˵ͷ֮ϣͻȻһ죬һĨâ֣ԭһԵҶ̤գнؽɫһƬȻ
˲֪˴ĵϸԲŸҷɣҶȴողŵõǧ֣ؾ棬ڿ˴ǧûʲôΪʱڿռ䷢𵩵һɲǣҶбѾãڿצһɲǣҶȴѾȡؽҲΪҶȫ䱸Ҷܺˣӭնϡ

һ죬ԭ͵ҶʱоԼȫһĿһۣ㲻Ȼ¡
ôôͻôǿϮ⵽ô£
һ䣬ͷϲϲµĿצҶͻȻӿ޵Ĳʣצ˾Բһˣûͨ죬Ҳٵͨ۷ΪȻԼһаˣһԼӵĺͻȻ


ʮһ ۷֮· 338ʼߣ
Ҷв֮ʱһϵƺ֮ͻȻƾ
ƺߣԭ׶ޱȵĿצ˺ܵʲôһ㣬Ȼϵķ˼ֵսƷҪȥ
ʱһâ֣һޱȷŭԭĿצͻȻѣֱֱĴӸ߿£Ư֮С
Ŀ֮ǸЩҪԼĿצҶһʱ̧ͷٿ
ֻͷϷڣһźµĿʿĶԼˣɫ£ŭ⡣
ߣǺˣôڴ˴ģϵĻ˵Ķ
ԭЩδԣһ𣬶һ񣬷ſڵǶʿʲѵ룬ĥģŸոյô˴Ĵˣлǰ־֮
ĻػһâʱŻࣺԭǲİǰûи˵˴ΣΪʲôǻأ
֮ԣɵһΣʲ֮ǰȷʵŴθص˴ΣգֻһֱΪûӣ˴ʱҲ̫ˣǲŻģֻЩ鶼Լ飬νİͷ˵ֻһЦ
ˣһȻ˲ģôҲǣ캣ǿߣ£ֻһ㣬˴Σռ࣬иޡ֡ħеĴڣǲʿɱǸҶʿҳ֣ôұֽȥ
˵ɣɨһۣתʧ֮С
ʧӰ˲ɵһҲ֪ǲΪոһΣѣͷȵԵʣ˽Ӹоͷһ쳣ǿѹ˶ɵ£ԼԭȵıԣҺҳԡ
ʧѹƶʱҲɢȥԭıҲٶȱ¶
ûиоղǸͷһֱӽǸʲôֱӸնˣŸղǼΪ޵һ޿ڵ
ԣǵͷͣΪڸղͷ˶ΪԼһҪɥȪˣû뵽ʱתԭвĿצôɴնԶߵһżΪ̵ӡ󣬶һľӡ˶ߵʵȻҲͲɵĸ߹֡
ǲͬĴˣҶΪһֱ־裬ԲΣͷͦǿצһУԶצڿצҲһȽȷ֪ߵһȻҲ˲ͬ˵ĹҶĹߵΪ಻ǳͨ죬ֻͨ۷ʿˡ
оҶ沢ûеͷͣȻֵĿʵҶСӣղŲǺôһԲģòǱǸָһƣѾǲ˰ɣ
֮ԣ˷׷׽ԼעеҶϡ
Ҷֵܣ㻹ðɣǲˣҪȻһȫĵطϢһô
ǰղҪҶֵһ赲ͷҲǰ

˽ӵĹģҶЦЦҡͷûµģǲõģʵﲢûôֲҷһУȻһ֮ͱſ£ȴҲм˾ԵʣҹƣʵҲͨΪҸղֻ룬Ϊʲô߻ֵôɣɵһʾһǱˡ
ԭǹĵĿҶҶе뷨ɵĴһ㶡
Ӧֻɺϰɣ
ãһ૳
ֻ˸ոճɤӾѾɺϣɺϸƨӸղž;òԾһֱû뵽Ҷֵһ˵Ӿˣ꣬ʲôɺϣǰ
Ҳ鲻Ծ̫ˣ̫ɴˣԲʲôɺϣѾźõ·Ϸһ
ǣʲô˵дΣգдΣգһһﶼô˱Ҳֻܹ⿴ţʲôҲò
˷׷˵Լеĸо뷨üͷԽԽ
ã˶˵е뷨˰֣ˣȲ˵ˣԼͺˣһǱˣȻѾˣôͿ϶ܾô˶ߣ˶ǵԼΪãΨһѡǱʮֵľ裬ȳǰ߿ǰﶼһǿڣôȺСһȻӦ˳ǰﻹǵĽܷΧ֮ڣǾʱߣڴ˴ĥһԼǾΣ
ʻ˸ĥһ±׷׵ͷӦãϾǰʮĿ֮ᱻҲֻɢɢбƶ֮ˡ
˵ͷ΢΢һЦɨһܣŷǿȥ
ǿע⵽עӣ΢΢񣬶ҡҡͷӦ⸽ûʲôҩϢһطߺˣ
ԣüͷһ壬żԶһմɽһָȻˣǳǱ߰ɣΪ˰ȫǲ֮ǰǰɢжˣǰΪ棬Ҷֵں󣬷ǿУӡ־࡭ˣǰͲǰкӦӦܶӼְȫ
ԣ׷׵ͷǰԣ

Ծޱ޼ʵĿռ֮У˵вɵЩˡ
캣Ѿʱˣʱ캣֮вϵԾŲƣȴһֱջ
죬û֮κĴڣֹʮֵ޿κΡ
ģﵽʲôطʲǸ˵˵кܶĴԵôȴһԵëû
ŷ޵ϰΪҡͷЦԴǰ𣬷ޱ㿪ʼ಻סԼˣʼÿձضһεѾ֪޽˵ǣģҳȥԺһҪʲǸ˵һ٣֪֪ƭүĺǶôأ
Ȼ΢΢һ٣޺Ծı˳Ļ
΢΢һЦ˲ûжԴ˶ƽϣһΪǵĺѣֵܣҪַʽŽеķ꣬ЩֵܵȻֻúõţԣ
ΪôһʱԾߣųڵĿݼţҶ涼ЩͷˣϾǰط֮ʱҶµӡʵ̫ˣ̵Ҷ֮ʱһֱžԵĽ䱸κεиԼи˴ȥΣա
˷޵ıԹ֮ûжãŷǿһףԭǰеĶȻһ͡


ʮһ ۷֮· 339
ӣôˣ
Ķŷǿ鼤ʵ
ֻǷǳ쳣ģǿһβû޵ʻüͷ˫۲ϵĴķ
ͻأģǿһСģ
ŷǿʾҶ˷׷ȡϧĽԼʶȫɢ
ת˲䣬һʶ֯㲼öɣԲǧһ΢ĩ˵ĸӦ֮С
ֻǣ
ϸϸĸӦʶеһж˽üͷ
ϸϸĸӦ˺һ޶ʱЩͷˣӣȷ㲻Դˣòʲôûа
ԣǽĿ⳯ŷǿͶȥ
⵹˲ŷǿΪȥһֱȫĽ䱸ھʵ̫ˣһ˿ȫ䱸һʱȴȫ䱸һģοĵطžԵսʮбҪġ
оͶעӵĿ⣬ǿüͷҪиҷŸоһϢϢȻֻһ벻ȴԵʵҺǿٱϢҪǿĶ࣡
ǿ˵ֻٶϸ̽飬ǽȴɲ䣬һƬžûǸνӰӡ
ʱ仺ţҲһ㾲֮С
ͻأģҶ濪ڵȥҲǰ취Ǹﵽ׻ڲڶ֪ȴһֱôľҪȻȥǸΣȻ֣սҲһЩ
Ҷ飬ɫ󶯣Ȼ׷׸ͬʼƶ
ֻ˵ηŸնһɼΪǿϢͻأ֮Ȼ𣬶һ߰ɣ޴̵ͬ˺ƿռһĳ˶м䡣
һŨһ֣쿩ĳ̽צҪˡ
ֻ˾ãһжֻΪ˵֣ȻĳʽȴϾ˼ܰŲƣ˷׷ɢȥ
ˣȴҲûȫ룬һ˿˿Ѫ֮ʱƮȻ
ӦѪ֮˽һһòԴֺĴ󺺿ȥ
Ӧ˵עӣһЦǲõģֻǲСĹεһ£ûʲôģȶԸͷ˵ɣ
ǲӿѪֱۣ˵вɵһֻǹεһ¾ңǱһֻʲôĺأ
Լֵû£˺ôҲһģת۾ͻȻֵ￴ȥ

ӦڱصõﾹȻԼģʱޱȵˣ֫ϵĻӶţʹÿռ䲻ʱһ飬ɢƴޱ߹ðһ㣬˲ɵĲ
ģ˽һֺȻĸовӿҲ֪񲢲Ƕ˼ʱΪҪıץʱ䣬ɵͷޣȻһȫĵطָԻһۣΪĬĴһ׷ʩչԼҵֺϷ﹥ȥ
ӭ칥òƼΪ˷ܵ˻һȻһԾӲ˵ĹѪȥ
ء
һ֮𣬿ȴ˿δ𣬶ʱȴѾתۼЯ޾ǰ
ϵ˽Ǵ󾪣˭ҲﾹȻôƤ񣬶һôķ񣬾Ȼ˵Ĺһеֻ֮еһ
ž˷׷׳ȥֿ
ӭȴûκεľ壬ǸоȫѪҺڲϵķڣת˲䣬ԭƽ϶ʱǷ֮ɫ

зһƺŭ͵ذθһ׵׵ľˡ
أ
ͻȻ仯ΣϤ˽һɡ
нյһ󸫣ǿ޴ǿѹǳԼľ޴ħƣ˻һȻӸ¡
䣡
ħƴ壬ֻоԼȫʱһʶ˲ȥ
ĵĲΣͻ֮Ȼɣ޾ѪƮԳһΪĻ
໣
УޱߵĽ֮嵴֮УޱȵҲɵķĲҽ֮
ϴޱߴʹŲԶǸԼޱ߾ʹ࣬ﾹȻǿϲϷӿĴʹȴԼԭд㣬ٴγȻɱȥ
žԼϿԼȫ֮ǸϲϴݶŨٿЩӿֵǣǴֺ¶һĨȻЦݡ
ΪԼһ֮ʱһѳ˸ޱ߷âĵݺǰ
ӦԼǰ¶žâĳٲӲ˻ŭһܿķâһ߻ֳŷȻȥ

һ죬һ赵סĹ
ܵԼǰ赣֪ԼֵܳһЦûκεĹǣԪӿгʱ³ӷâĵб¡
ǰ͸赣˷ĵǿ󹥻ٸӦһԼڲϳ嵴ĽʱҲû˵޵еơ
˻һﳯ⻢һۣ֫Ȼ裬ռ䷢һ֮
ҪûӴܵŭһȻĳӵȥ
ǰƾȻҷʱٶȱŭϨԼȥΣٶȳ칥ȥ
Ĵǰ赶ʱȻˤ飬ʱҲ㣬Ѫܵ˺ۡ
ǰ͸ڱԼ飬˷ܵĺһû˶˺顣
ǰ飬һΣգ󿴵ֳһķޣжʱһϷ֮ɫæܿȥ
쾹ȻھԼһŭ뵽ԼǲҲٶ׷ɱҪٶƿȥ
ʱһΪ̶ȴͻȻĶб
߾
ɱǰŭɫĳ֪ţƳŵĴͻȻȻȥ
ӣǲѹµĴ룬ȻĵķŭǵµȴҲĸԼʱٴˣȻԼܽЩȫɱôԼҲᱻΪ̫ضļһûɱ
ﻹѡ˲ӣתҪӿһȤս
ս˸ôĴۣ׾ӵĵ
ֻŵһȣضʱΪ֮һ䣬ԭ˻ޱ޼ʵ֮Уת˲䣬ȴȻһޱ޼ʵɳĮ֮С
Ϊİĵط˻𣬴֮֫ϻ裬ϣܴƿռ䣬Ӷݶȥ
ģЦһЦŵ˵ȻҶǳ֣˺ֵܣүǲƤˣү͸գ
һɳ磬֪Ӧ޳¬ֺóĴ󣬷ǿǵʮ㣬һԼǿƴһЦſڵ죬ҪǴǽʬΣû취Ƥô˵ʲô
÷ǿ֮ԣ˽һЦսһս˵Ȼ˱ʤġ
Цŵ࣬޷ν̽˫ĿĶˣޱȷŭ˻ţǿѹϵƣϵȻŨҡ
ﾹȻʯٵ־ɵʱһ
ģɫһ࣬ȵ޳ֵܡ¬ֵܿҵȺȥΪֵˣ
˵ʹ޳¬ͻһۣ֣һķʹԼĲ߶ɳ
һжʱ䣬ԭƽ޲ĴͻȻɳԭƽƽĻɳʱȴһĶɳ
Ӧ޾ɳĮͻȻı仯Ѿ־ﾹȻԾ𣬲Լҵķɱȥ
ЦһҪ㿪ʱлڰ֮еͻȻ޶˻һϷһ΢ž죬ϳŵĵͻȻ
ⷬʵ̫ͻȻˣ˭Ҳ⼸Ѿ֮ﾹȻз֮һʱ䣬ķޡǿ˶ʱȻɡ
ⷬ䣬ԭɵҶ˶ʱ󼱣ֻﻹŰΪ˲ص˲ò¶Է޵˵ĵģר־ĶԸֻ˵
޺޵ĿˣѲҶͻȻһ⡣
΢΢룬ҶŲƣ˴Եŵؽлһвһ׹ҶĲ֡
ҶͻȻã˽ǴΪ죬ֻսңҲϾʣҾ⼸յദҲ֪Ҷ治һ޵ķʸ֮ˣɻ󲻽ͬʱûгȰסһۣΪҶ赲סܷĹ
ʱһһεţ̶һﲻķ֮У졢ر˱Ϊԭұˣֻ۽Ķս۹ǲʱĳҶɨȥ
ʱ˿̣ҶŵεεâϸϸȥⲻϻƵâȻоʮ߰˵
ųԽվƣҶд󼱣ҶԼ޼Ǻģ޼ֻʩչֻҪķѵʱ΢е㳤ˣֻҪԼս֮ʱ㣬ӦòǴ⡣
ٴʹУҶ淽ŷԭĸս֮УҪ˵೤ʱ䣬룬ԼҲѾ֮ˣղţҪƵ໥ԼѾ£߱ȷʩˡ
ҶţϵķȴûκεļϣģһâҪֶ
Ӧ⼴ĵھʮŵ׵㣬Ҷдϲ
ս֮һۣҶһ˸
ʹʮŵâҶϷһ䣬зһĺȣԭֻΧҶâ˲ʹ󣬶Ҷ֮УƹսˣŻѪȥ
ﱾƾȼԼĵķͻȻʱǾܵıҪת롣
ǻûﶯҡǰǰ˷ʮŵȴݻһµ
޾֮ʱڲ
𣡣
֮͸ڣԭдһЩԴʱ֮±ݻ٣Դ٣ԭޱȵȴֻڷһ˻֮һ\״


ʮһ ۷֮· 340ʯ
ޱ㱻׵Ĵݻ٣ԭȽ˶ʱһ
ڻɳ֮ϣ˻һۣʱЦ
ģû뵽ֻһͷôѲ꣬뵱ҿһ˾ö޵ģڵϣɫ԰׵˵
ԣǳŷ޷ȥӵĿ⡣
ԼͶıӵĿ⣬Ҳ⣬ֻǺǺһЦǶ\֮ǰְš
˼ˣһ㶣ڴŷ޵Ķ
һ˵ע֮£ްǿ谭ѷ֮ȡһɫʯͷ״Ķ
Ĵһѷ֮ȡһȻʮֺ棬еĺ棬ֻҪܶģʱŷ޷ӵȥ
һΧϰԵľͽ뵽ռ֮У±һ㡣
ֻȺڵ۹ѩģⲻǵķǿͬ־ͶԷͬѧôԾΪǲ
ιѶأóǿ㵽װʲô
ǿĺȣɫ˿䣬ֻǷȡɫʯͷٺһЦʯͷʲôϡģ˵ﲻǻôһﲻԼңҪҵĶ
ǿеɫʯͷһϸĴţһŬ˵ĵǼ򵥣ֻǲȻʯͷңԼٴѷһ
ԣɫʱһͣⶫҪͰһⶫҲͲʲôˣ޸ղֻǡö˼ʶɨһۣŷŰôһɫʯͷģһѷ൱Ĵ⣬ҪܴаǾǼˡ
ܿģʯ˵תһȦ䵽ҶС
ɫʯͷҶ濴Ǿϲ֮ɫٿͬľϲɫɻʵ֪ʲôҸղŸӦһ£ƺûʲôرİֻһʯͷˣǸô˷ܵģ
Ϊ˷ܵҶɫʯͷۣ϶ʱ¶һִ͵ɫ
ҰҰͣ޿ʵιҶֵܣ㲻᲻֪ʲôɣ
ǰǰûֶҲûⶫϣԻ治ʲôֻǿǵɫƺһöҶ˵ţΪĽеɫʯͷףôֵܸ˵˵ʯͷʲôɣ
ԣ׳һ򣺡ҽڸɣ˵ô࣬Ҫ϶ˣԼúÿˣ
ҶҲ⣬ֽץУ֮УʱһɹѶϢ㴫ҶС
ã֮еѶϢȫٵһ飬Ҷ治ɵķһĪĸп
û뵽ϾȻôĶǰ̫ªˣ
ԭŷǿص֮еǧ
ǧ¼ΪǣΪѵõı޿㣬ȴֻǧƷұصö֮Уɴ˿ɼǧﶼǺ档
Ҷŵɫʯͷǧصһ֣ʯͷԻʯֻҪʯͷ뵽ĳ֮УôͿʹǰѱӵ仯ĹܣȷʵһΪѵõı
ҶĸпӶЦ
ҶֵԹˣ֮صʵһЩֻѼʵĶˣͺеʯɺϼ뵽ɱֵһҲǼģЩҲֻ֮ڹĦһȴԵӵУ
ҶԣɫһʵȻڰʯô˵᲻Ҳǧڣ
ԣһ㶣¶˼˷ܵɫ
Ҷֵ˵ļǣȻʯôǰʲС˵ݡ꣬ɲǷҲпĴڣҪܵõЩôǾͷˣ
˷ܣԲɵ㵸ʱȴԼһ˲ʿǺΪͣ޶ʱһʹĺ
ŷ˶ʱЦ
ȵЦգ쿴һۣڵˣڻһط˰ɣ֮飬ǵʱϸϸȻһõطҲĲ٣񿴣ҪȡЩԲһ׵飬һãֻǿܹӦĹһΣ˭֪ʲôĶԣһжδ֪
ԣ׷ԼϵЦݣָ֮ɫ
֮һļ׶֮УҶ̬µš
չȥˣ˵Ҳڳ鵤ĸ³׵Ļָˡ
ʱ˿̣һô¡
磬ʲôİȻбôǾȥҾͺˣûҵǵãҪҵˣǵãô򵥰üͷϸϸ˼޶ʱЩͷˡ
ԣüͷһ壺ûô򵥵ģһνֻֻֻȴʵǿı̬һһûеֵǲȫɥڶΣȻʵҪһЩȴҲ˸ųɱɴ˿ɼνľʵġҪˣȥʱͻʣ¶ˣôççײײĲܲǿ϶еģ
ٴΣգƲƲȴ˵ˣȻҲϡطܲŵıҪԼֵܵȥðյĻʻû
޲˵ʱָ˼ž
ʱδĹ˵ҲЩˡ
Ȼ벻ʲôð취ô͸ɴһЩˣͻأģҶ濪ڵǲʲôֻǸţҲһ취˵绨ʱ䣬һ͹ҲԶΪǵİȫһЩϣ
Ҷ˵ʱһǰ˸ʩչ£Ȼǿ󣬿ȴܸоǱŤֻһֱû׵ʲôط⣬Ҷһ˵ʱӦˡ
ΪҲϰԼһ˶Դģ˵ֶԵеôһȺ˳ԳԺͷһ⣬һʱҲû˵˵һ֣ûгֵĬս顣
ĬĬţһۣʱŷѾĬĬ˼ʱվҽĿԼ
Ǹ
ĥĬͰѵôȥˣ޲ʵ
ǿӣ͵ǰ磬ǻûҵԪݣǾôȥĻʱӳˣҪӸЦǿɲܸɣ
԰ο㲻ҪɲǷӰ𣿡ӽεεĿ
ԼֵܽˣˬһЦ˺ˣǿɱ˵ˣҴӦˣǱúõһȻٳȥЩ
ԣٸһ󳩿죬ǰķʱȫɢ١


ʮһ ۷֮· 341½
ųеķǣ˶ʱɫֻǷûжһ˱ֵͣ
磬͵ҪôŪѵһһĹΪʲôҸоҵʵ˺ö࣬òڰŸС죬Ƴ챧Թ
ԣʱЦҲ֪ˣ֪ôϹֻǲ֪Ϊֵ֮пϤͺϻ֮ģУǻָӰɣ
˵ţɵĽĿ⳯޳¬ͶȥΪ֣ͺϻ֮Ӧʲôйϵģ֮УΨ󷨵ı޳¬ˡ
ֻǿϧͺϻ֮ȻҲһ֣޳ȴĲ֪䲻ͺϻ֮ȴҲԴôһЩ˽⡣
ҡҡͷ޳ڵҪʧˣͺϻ֮ǴǰҲ˵֪ͺϻƺıһĬͺϻ֮ˣΪ໥֮伫ΪϤҾһ𲢼սս֮ʱֲܹͺǰΪʩչ赣İΣһȱʱĥҪĬϻѶȲС
޳˵գ¬ſڣ˵ʵ˿ʱսĬ˵лһƫ󷨣սΪս󣬵ȻָսǷԵսս󣬶һܹʹ֮һ
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¬ԣæҡͷ޼һֻɱ󣬶սãҲֻǵڸΪϳʱǸģ
¬ˣֻεķһ̾Ϣ֪սطûʱȥĥĬǺã
ʱԭһԵҶͻȻվҪȻҪôҶսƺһ㣡
ĿҶ棬ɻʵҶֵҲ󷨣ΪǰδҶֵأ
Ҷ֮ԣǽĶҶ棬ҶͻȻ˵Լ֮ºǺ档
Ҷԣ΢΢һЦҲԵɺ֮µõһöйؽսѧһЩ

Ҷ治˵ãҶһ˵˶ҶʱԽĸȤ
Ҷֵܣ⽣Ǻã֪ܷܲųһ޳¬˵ţ¶۵ĺɫ
ǰҶС㲻ʵҳ˵ǿ󣬿һֱԵü㾹ȻýȴһֱʵǲѰ
˵ıԹҶ¿Ц⽣ΪԼľǿûܷӳȫʵҶ޼һɱ֮Ѿϵ֮ˡ
Ҷ֮ԻͻȻ£ȴҲǼΪΣϾǰҶҲֻͦˡ
ַųԼòõǽҶֱ仯һһչֳ
ҶԳʹ˽Բɵüͷڳ˽ǼʶС֮ˣҶʹ˳ȻԾ֮
޳¬Ͷһۣ˵ͷ׷̤ҶݻĽ֮С
޳̤УҶȻҲоеɻҶ濪ʵλֵǸʲô
֮УʹŻŵ޳ҶѯʣڵҶֵֻתͺˣǿ⽣ƺЩ׵֮
Ҷԣ΢΢Ȼλֵ⣬ôҶˣֻǽΣգλֵܻСĲǣλֵܸоԾˣǧҪӲţ
Ҷ˵ţٶԭȻͣ͵ĽʱٶȺХĽݺᣬҶչֳ
ʱ仺ţ֮е޳˵ҲԵԽԽƣϾ˵ĿұǲɱУǶ˸ΪҶȻܳӭȻԽǱҲԽƣǶȴԽԽҲ󣬶һһνͨлһ֮Ȼջǳ
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ǽģҶȴֲԾˣΪԼľĵʵ̫ˣǰҶʹһֱȫԸûгֹ֮٣ҲûзԼĽȻ⡣
еɻЩķ꣬Ҷһ෨ջأų޳ˡ
վһԾۿҶʩչ˫ģȴҶͻȻɢȥ˽жʱһֿ֮߳޳һڣɫΪǱģΪ޳ڽ֮ˣжʱ󼱣æΧߣ׷״ԼĴռ֮ȡ鵤
޳˴ʱԼڽ֮еȴͻȻЩֵܽôӸ˻жʱһɰԹ֮⡣
ֻ޳Ҳ֪ЩֵܽùԼҲǲԹ֮ģֻýпⰵ£ȻЦݵ˵Լû£ûˣֻǾĵеˡ
޳˽˵Լȷʵ£ټŶ˳˽ûǰѹ˵ɫҲů˷ջԼе鵤תѯеϸϾֻԹۣ⽣⣬»Ҫ޳˲
޳˺ѯʣһۣ޳ڵഫһ֮йǿһ࣬ǰлЩţʶҶֵܵ֪Բ飡
ǵôô˵дϻļԲͷĴߴٵ
ԵƳ۷ޣ޳˹˵ţһԼǿķ˽󷨣ʹöߵƵԵӣýӵ󷨵ĪһԲǿӵ˾ǿĹҶֵܾнôպݺӦһԣ
޳˵΢΢һ٣¬ͽӿڵȴҶֵܶ⽣ƺʮֵ˽⣬⽣ƿؿҲá
¬ô˵Ҷʱһ𣬶ҡҡͷӦòģ⽣ԼƳģ⽣֮ǰҲʹãӦòڳֲ˽⡢޷ƿصĵط
Ҷ˵޳¬Ͷ˶һۣԿ˶Էеȷ֮ɫ¬üͷһ忪ʵҶֵܷôأǷټһʱ䣬ҶֵΪͻȻѵΪĽϰ𣿡
ҶԣʱԼž޷άֽ飬ֻӦԼ⣬Ӧ뽣޹صİɡ
ҶĬĬ֮ʱ޳ȴѾٶȿʵôѵʲô֮ˣҶֵҲؾᣬǲʾˣ
޳֮ԣɫһ͵ǰǲ˵ǾͲҪ˵ˣֵ¬ֵֻǹˣ
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Ҷ΢΢ص⽣ǽ߰ѱϲãɣʹ֮ʱҪͬʱ߰ѱԾĵر޷־ã
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ҶԣһвɵķֹѵԼʹĳ⣿
Ҷֹţ˵ͷֻõ˽֮ǴУȻ㰴õĴƳǽ󣬲õļؼΪӦòʲôȱʧŶԣ
Ҷԣ޳϶ʱ¶һȻ˵ɫҶֵ֪ܿ⽣ȻųΪôʹķ֮ν󣬱ǧĪ˵ֻǿ߰ѱˣҶֵ˽֮ôǿǧѱ಻־õĸоҶֵָ֮оôΪҶֵܲ󣡡

ʣҶǽһֱֱãƺҲûн̫оοޱȵһҶҲȷʵûȥѧϰ޳ԣҶʱо⵽ͷһ
г˼ãҶһ֮ɫ޳¬ͶһݵҶĳˣֻǲ֪λֵܿɷҶĳ֮Ҷĳóʹ⽣󣡡
޳ԣһۣҶѧڣ²˽ܣֻһЩҶ˵ǿ棡
޳˵ĻػҶϲɫĵ˵ͷᴫҶ޳˵Ĺ˼ҲʮֵͬԸԼѾҶǸˣˣҶлλֳˣ


ʮһ ۷֮· 342ɻħԳ
֮󣬸ɽ֮УҶģһ׹͡
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ϾʱҲڴ˳פΪսϻʵĺܣĥ󿳲Ĺ֮ЧͿʼȥĵطѰȥˡ
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ԣԣⲻ԰ɻħԳ̫ͻȻˣп϶й֮УɫƵ߶ţвϵš
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аţɽȴͻȻһ󶶶ԭطļΪʵĶʯҲֵѷ죬Ȼб֮
ⷬͻı仯˿Ц
üһŭɫ쿪ڵɻħԳķˣǼȻ㲻ˣǾ͸ɴڤˣ
ԣ׷׵ͷҲΪƵ˰µսһɻûɢɻħԳԼҲʡ๦
Ҷ룬ڵԣɻħԳȻ;޴󣬿츳ȴֻǿӢǻʶǲؾ£ʱҽǽչǺͶɱ֮
ĥҶ仰˲ɫһǽȻȴζȲϾżǬսҶֻ˵ǽȴ˿˵ѹֶΣȻдġ
΢΢ֹ޶ʱָҶ棬ЦŵǴǸһѰֻʹýȴǵս˼Ҳ̶
ŷ֮ԣҶ΢΢Ц̶߲ƣȻҪһֵģ
Ҷ˵ųŷǿʵֵܣȷɻħޣֻһ𣿡
Ҷѯʣǿ΢΢˼صӦǲдģҷѾǳϸĸӦˣȷʵֻӦϢһɻħԳһת֮Уĥ޷֪䵹ںηеˣô˵λ׶Ȼ߽֮ϣĻ¼ıֻǳû͵ϮǾͺѵģ
ǿĻӦҶ˵ͷٿ˿ζԽԽҵɽڵȻˣǾͳȥɣһսԱˣ
˵ͷȡԼұһӵսսأɻħԳҲ۷ޣطйŹ֣ȴҲǵս֮ڣǴֻҪעһЩͺˣ
ɫٴ̤˶ֻһ˲ûʩԼΣ˷һ֣ͱǲϵĺŸɽɻħԳˡ

Ȼ⼸˺ǸԼˣŭɻħԳûȥô࣬˫ִأһɼ籩ʱɻħԳĺгҶȥ
ĺ죬ӦԼһܣԼ΢΢֮Уһʱ֪Լ˻ǲɱĶڱ̬ĵطɻħԳ͹
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֮󣬷޵룬ӵɨѣ׷׺ճµĳɻħԳһɹвԵĹ
ӦЩ۵СһﾹȻҷɻħԳʱԽı˫ĿԲһβϵɻħԳĿбɻħϮȥ˫ɢһĺڹ⣬赲˵ĿֲϮ
ɻ죬˽ԸоԼͷѣаɻħȻʱһĵȴȻ
һ죬˽ԸоԼһɣԭ˺֮жʱȥ࣬ˣһĲȴɻǻ˵֮УҲ˹ٶȲɵļӿࡣ
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ĵâĽâѾɻħԳϿһС
컨ƮɻħԳл޸£ӵɨѾѾɻħԳԴɨȥɻħԳԴϿһ󶴡
ڼʱʣҶǽҲѾúˣȻҶ޷ٹ־õʹãǵ콣ɻħԳϼʱ򣬱ΪɻħԳʱԳ̬
ɻħԳо鲻֮ʱõɱȴҲѾ׳͡
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û뷽ǿϰԵĳ֣춯ĴɻħԳԴȡһںڵԲ
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쳯˿һۣɻħԳȻѾˣǵΣȴûнշǿֵԣӦûһãҪ̵ˣҴʱȲȥڴ˴ָһ¸ղĵԪԪָ֮ٳȥ֪λֵܾ˿ɺãȻ˶ȻҪֵܡ¬ֵλֵˣ
ԣ֪ΪԼ˵İȫ룬Ȼ׷׵ãΪάִ޷ָԪҪϵԪ޳¬ͶҲû˿Цŵ粻عǣһ壬һԪȴλֵָܻԪģ
˶ͬ⣬޳ҲǼΪЦŵ˵ͷȻˣǻǲҪĥˣЩָԪҪģ
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ʧջָƽֻһɫĴ֮ͣУԵΪҫۡ
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΢΢ͣͣĵĽ䱸˻ĳԭȵɽȥǵȵٶ̤ϸɽȴûеȵǸ˵Ϯ
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÷ǿ֮ԣ޵ɫʱ΢΢Ǻ죬û취ǣ˭зԾ᲻˵һЩĻƤܺҲֻǶ̶һ˲ˣܿģ޾ͽǿķ֮Ժ󣬷ʵڸϽţǸ˵ʲôλȻǵģǼʱ֣Ҳһ
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Ҷ֮ԣ˶ʱ󶯡
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ȴ֪һ̤ȴһޱȼѵ·һ·
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µʱҶ˳׵׵ĸо˵ҪǴ˴Եڶ࣬ҶѾʮսȫˣͺһΣҶΪ˲ɼһҩһѪսһǾҶԪ𷽲սʤ޻ҩ֮ʱһЦһƮӰһ˫ͨĳ״ܱ֮űȸҪӲƣݺݵȥ
ǺһԺĴսʹչ
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˸񣬲벻Բҵ˾ҩ˵鱣
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񣬷޵ȻԼ˵ֻҪµİʱ䣬ǱԲƾκεɹͻơ
֮ڿҪˣҲҪʼˣҶҲ̤˻ȥ·


ʮһ ۷֮· 344 
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˵ͷţǿЩɣһҪҪҶֵֵֶܺܵΣܳɹôɱħǵֶ޷ɹôѰˣ
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޳ԣɫһͣȻæҡͷⲻܵģ޼ȻȴҲΪˣҵʵԲó޼µһȡɲöǰԭƻôӣĽʱϵþˣ٣ôħͺпܳûߣϾħĶΪ߳ҲֻҶֵ֮׷ϣϧħʵǿҶֵһ˶κβħ
޳ô˵ȻЩɥħѲ޳Լѹ׵ıﶼȡõˣȻҲ޻˵ĵ֮߶һѰǴ˵еıһߵȴ޵еٴγ֡
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ΪħԣѾ˽֮еĸ޵ıԣЩƽ˲ȥˣοħȥʵħģϻڻع֮󣬶ʱ˼ĳħɱȥ
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ʮһ ۷֮· 349µҩը
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ըʮַҪʮóɣʧֺܸߣﵽٷ֮ʮʱܱըΣգ˼۸񰺹
ҶһȻͨըףʱ۾һⶫҪԼֶ˺ü㱣ء
ѣôҶָָƺͨըס
һҶָʱסһΪĶȴʶҶһӾͿóӦǼʶ㣬Ҷ˹Ǽˣ˵ѺǱѰûзǵûĶֻҪó֮ƥĶɡ
Ҷһ̬ȣ֪Ǵ㴦ģ˵ʯΣ
˵ʵʯþʯĺö٣ÿͳȥֻۣʯνʯӻġ
˿˿Ҷ棬ЦһҪʯҾȥˡ
Ҷһ֪ʯΨһıǴҩ԰ŪЩҩˣЩҩһҲúüʯ˼ȻִҪǾͻˡͳһҩϻӣȻ˵һƷ黨֪ܻܲȡѵĶ
Ʒ黨
һ㶣ű˵Ʒ黨ȷʵҲֻܻȡҵľƣöըѻǲ㡣
Ҷ浭ȻһЦһͦģ˵ǺãﻹһƷ˲ΣѾɾˣըӦù˰ɣ
һǰƷĻ˲Σʱһ㶣æĵͷӦţˣ
Ҷҩ˾ƺͨըס
Сڻͦ󰡣Ǯ౦࣬һ·ϻӻ١Ҷ滻˶ߣճţǧҶлص
ǰҲ֪ΪЩҲˡлرҲӦõģٺ١ҶЦһ
ٶ಻ʵǿʵǲԶһڴܽҴӡص䡷Ūء
ǰģֻҪʵﵽһһʱΪǰ⿪ӡ
ţСľͱʲôãҶһȻǧá
˵ţǧȻҸо㱻ʲôˣ
ʲôҶһʱɫһ䣬Ÿճأ˴ҵ⣿ǧĸǰ϶˵ģȻ˵ˣ϶
ҸоһɱӾ㲻ԶĵطˣֵǣҾȻоߵķ򣬿˲򵥡ʵѧҪСˣʵ֮£ǧصĶҶ˵
ţлǰѣһСĵģҶӳɨɨûзʲô״ʱһںһܡ
˼ǴΪףԼսʤʱ򣬴ʱȥǣȻҲ޲ܰװ״ǵ
취˦ϢϵΪףӦ˦Էǧ
ţãҶ˵ͷ̶ٵתھȫϢȻһ䣬ȻһʹܽٵĴܶϵıýǶȺͷͬʱθĻԼϢ̶һӣͱ仯һٶΣӽ״Ļ᳡ܵ첨ϵһƫƧڡ
Ҷ˿ȻĿ˿ܣȷû˲ŷ
ţо˵ϢˣӦǱ˦ˣǧĬƬ˵
ǾͺãһɴӦǿڽôöŶҵġҶ˼
ǰ㿴أ
û˻ش𣬿ǧִܽصˡ
ҶЦҡҡͷҪߣͻȻɫ䣬˲ؽͳϣȻŵһͨĵط˹ȥһɫ׵ͬĵһؽдܳ˲ǵطһҵıը
ڱըǰһɫĹâһʹԭʧȻҶʮĵط
һɫ·ĵͰӣͷֳһ˽ɫǹɫƵЦŶҶ˵ٺ٣Сӻͦģ
˵ţһľӻ˻ΣΪ˦ǣ
ҶʱɫһҧҧǣԷֹһˡ
ղǸоһǿϢӵﳯƶ˲ֵģû뵽û˦Щ˸ˡ
ǴˣҶƵ룬ؽԷţȵʲôˣԹ޳𣬷Ŷְɣ
ٺ٣Թ޳ֻҪһϵڶҩТǣȻԹ޳ˣϵһ̷ź⣬Ե˷ܲѡ
ҶЦһٺ٣ãǼȻǳҵıģǾͿûˣ
˵ҶȻһΣȫ˫Ϲ䣬ʱһɫ׵˿Ȼ˫ȣءءءľ죬˲ʩչ׾̤̩ɽѹƳŶֳȥ˻ûеһǿѹǰӶʱɫɡ
ȣ
Ҷһȣؽ׹˲֯һž޴ȴֻǳʮâΪҪʩչʮŵâķѵʱͦڽսʱԿһ޼ʩչ˲ʮâ޼Ȼʮŵâ޼Ҫ٣Ը˵ʱȻ޴
˲γɣȻǿףŰȥ˲ͳ嵽˰ǰû뵽־ȻǿоŭҲǻ켣ˣǿѹогǹȻһתһɫϢ˲ǹʮ£ʱһ˻һֱɫǿ˲ǿϢȫˡ
ءһ죬޼;˲ײһĳһ˲֮ͣʱǰȴץס˳һȫγһɫգ΢΢˵赹ùصˮƽˣسڶֱֿӻɱ˷ϵϴ


ʮһ ۷֮· 350ºľ
Ҷ濴˴޼дܳ΢΢𣬸ղֻ̽һ¶ԷʵѣⰫˮƽߡ
ҶʵԷڻ۷ʵУڱ࣬ʹ⿡ܾۼ첨Ҳɱ
Ҷһ˫ĿһؽȻһΣһǿɫȻһܣĽϱһĻ䣬ǧɫ˲ͬ컨һڿлһĻߣŶİȥ
ۼҶʩչǿʽʱͫһ˿һХСȻܵУ޴Ѹٴдܳ볤ǹУǳǹһ˲һģΧתһɹɫ˲ĸǹдܳͻһХ֮ڰΧγһ֡
ǬԪ𣬱ӿһ󺿣ءһֻɫͻ˲䳯Ŷǧ׵ȥ׵Ӵһǣֱӱը˲佫ԭڵ׵ըԼΧͬʱָһ䣬ĵԭΧתĳǹһתǹͷֱָҶ棬ɫΧųǹת
ȥ
ӲָһӣʱৡৡৡһХӳǹбǹӰٳҶȥڿ׺Ļһֱ߹Ⲩٶޱȡ
Ҷ濴ӵʩչȴѾ׼ڰƿ׵繥ʱѾڼȫԪһǿԪܵٻͬһľо裬˲ȫҪѨ
ৡ
ؽȻ£𡫡һһɫ˲ܳ޴ܳһɢһ̳𡣡նҶһͺȣһһţŵ˲䱬ŭųİܼĳǹȥʱءܼըͬըһ
նľޱȣ˲ͽǹӰɢȻءһײϣۡһһѪ˲䱻ɣڿлһڵأ𵴣ʯ׷ɡ
ҶһһĳǰըĴǰۿŰӣߣûнͱʵ֮ҳȡ죬ҾȡٳȥΪ
ǰӿвϵ³Ѫʵû뵽Ҷʵǿ󣬸ղŵһƾʱٿҶ棬ǿһæģȫʹͬɢһۿҶؽĽѾʱңڲԼһ˳ԸҶ档
ҶҪȡ˴ʱͻȻһϸ΢ĲһХҶȻһؽ˲䵲󣬡ءһը죬һؽཻ޴Ҷһʹܵһԡ
ʲôˣ
պ꣬һɫͺɫĹâһӰ˲ĸǰһһŮеһĺۣһʮְüҲʮɱŮһɫװ毺ãֻģͬˮһ㣬۽е䶾Ĺâȴֺ
һʱ硭
ЦһûõĶ
һʱί︹̵˭֪Сôұ߳綼򲻹ԼԾ֪ˡ
ߺߣСӲӳҵļػҵˣѾһ㿡ܱˣӿҶ棬ǴЦ˵
Ҷû˿Ļʵǿʵˡ
ߣãҵʵˣҵҪСʵжߣӿ䣬첻ɱ㣬һ켣꣡
磡СӺҶ棡ۿҪ֣ŮͻȻźѵǵ򵽵Ϣ𣿡
Ҷ棿һʱϸҶۣ죬СӣʱЩˣԷҶ棬Ǿ鷳ˡϾҶĴɱħ޼ʵѾ˼ΪѲĵزˣҶĻСܱҲ֮С
Ҷ˵ĻҲûж֣Ѿ۷ʵȻɱɱԷȴҲô򵥵£һʱûóȻ֡
Ҷ棿ʵ
ôҶ浭Ȼ
ǵĻҽһӣһƷݣҿԷߣδûпֶ顣ۿҶ棬ǲݹҲظɱ޼ҽɱ㣬Ҳǵɣ
Ҷ浹ǵһμô޳ܵˣЦһ÷ϻˣɣҶս֮ã˭°
ǺһҶ˲ʱҲˣӦԡľŰɣʵ㣬Ҿ˳ƺԵĺľʶľͰ˵ʶ࣬ӵҲģ
Ҷ𣬻˵췱ˣ´ˣϣûʲôԡԡ˿η壬ϻôôֱ࣬ӿ򣡡
ľһʱŭžҪԷ֪Ѷˣȴû뵽Сȫͷ࣬Ҳ÷ϻһȵأ󳤵˲ͳУȻһɫȫܿȫһɹаϢҲʼ
ϳܣ˲͹볤ǳʱ߻ųߣͬʱ޴ٵĴܳһͷէ֣治ϱҶҲؽһɫײϵžؽϴܶ粻ϵƣҲ𣬾޴ѹӿ
ǺľһȣгʱһŵӰһĳҶ˲ʹﵽ˼µٶȣʱһɫдŶļХǵشܹؼѡ
ҶؽҲ˲䱬һٳ߿裬ߺ͹ͷ˲ײһ𣬾޴ǺХһײĳɢһϵıľг汬裬޴ԪϵĴдܳ볤һӵųҶȥƾˣҶҲ˿ҵеؽϾ޴ɫ׵粻ϵԾһܼĵߴӽдܳ޴ٿӿǵصĳȥ˫ͬʱ޴һʱ𵴣˫ȴ൱һʱҲ˭ռơ
ȣľһͬʱٴμӿ죬ͷһɫӰҫʮȫӰĿܣ˲ٴαըӿг趯ԿУֻһųɫҫҶʱоСѹԷǿ޴һӿҲòתȫԷֹӦӲϾԷռˡ
Ҷ취ôסԷʱֻݡһ޴˲һľӰ˲ܵУ絶һ˴ȴӺľĿбȻ˫յһɹɺɫȻȻİȫŵӿȥǳ˲ɳɫ˴ɫһɹɺɫаϢ
ݣһľ˲买ϺףһҲǿʱĵӰ˲һ޴ĹӰڿһʹܽ˵ӰУǵӰڿйһʱŤߣ˻˻ͬʱһϯ
һԵǰǧˡ
ҶһԷһʵǿʵðȻӵΪղűѹúˣʱûûʱѣͷųǽ޼ȴѾ˲٣аԷϸղŷĽֻΪ˶ĿΪסһѡ
żţͻȻԼڽ׻Ūһơǧ˵ⶫãǱȻǴ󱦱ˡ
˲ƣȻԪ˲䣬ǾȻҫ䵭ɫĹâһǿϢʼӾϴܳһ۵Ҳ
ȥҶ潫һӣʱǱ˲䱬޴ɫâһ˲䣬ΧռʱᣬҶоԼΧĿռһ˲˽ˮһʮͺأž޴ĵԡ
𡫡һ죬ŵɫȻܳȻӲͬķ򱣻Ҷ档
ͬʱľͷųǿӰ˲Ϣ˲ͺ;ƷųĿռ䱣ײһ𣬾޴ϣǵӰһͷ͵Ұ޴ܽ˾޴ˮϵȴͻƣһͷȥ֮󣬾̱ĿռסҶ濴ǿĵӰڿռﲻͻȴռѹԽԽСԽԽС޴˲ͱѹһСĿռС
ءǺɫĵӰƺģ˲䱬޴ڱռδܣȴֻǽռըһСӶѡ
ȻǱҶ濴ŲҫâľƣһϲǧǧûʧǮ˸󱦱
ǺľͺŮӶһû뵽ղʩչһΪġ絶ȴû˿ãıɱ֮һ˶һۣеһ顣
ҶһǾ˲ͨ»صҶС
Ҷջؾ֮û˿ɣʩչ޼ؽɫĹ⻪һԪھп裬޴ϹؽУ̶һؽзٵӿһʱ˿裬âҫǿеؽзתܿʮ
ĺľһҶѾʩչҲҵҧҧһкݵá
𳤵һʱΧ˲ٻһɹļ¶ΧͬʲôаĶҪٻһ㣬ǺŮһʱɫһ䣬˲һߣҿľ
ȡ룬ĺһħ䣡ľһȣͬʱ˫۱ȻʳָƣһѪʳָϴܳܿ컯һ˿Χת̶ȫĺһаϢŰһıǣʱдĻȫڿоһŶħһɫҲϴϴܳȫƾˡ
䡫һȫɫ˲䱬裬ؿһ𵴣ȻľȫͿʼһ޴ĺɫââܿͻΣںľϣԿһӴӰͷϵĺӰͬȪһɫɫƺ֧ӰС
ҶоһаϢȴûз񣬶Ǽ߶ȫתӵ񴫳еʹϤʱоʮ˳֣޼ʩչ֮ʱҲԽתѸٵ˾ʮŵ
ҶȻ˫ۣʱȫܼ׵縲ǣһǿ׵ԶǾ޴ɫһ㣬ʮѤá
Ҷһȣؽ˲ٳʮŵǿͬıŭһǵϯȥ֮ϡ
Ǻľһ˫ֳצȻץ£ֻ޴ĹͬһɽһŶʮŵ޼צǾ޴Ĺ˲䴩ʱǿ׵紥һɹɺɫðǹҲʮǿȻӲѾ͵ľʮŵ޼дֻܳѸٵıСˣȻҶ׺ݵ˹
Ҷ΢ֵǿ󣬵ȴһ˿Ц⣬Ϊڹֳ֮ǰ˫Ѿ׵磬׾̤ͬһѸݣһ˲ʹܵ˺ľĸǰؽ׵ӿ
ݡһʹӺľӰд˹ȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 351¹
ҶһᴩӰʱ򣬶ʱоһ޴ķ˹Ӱƺһ޴ƤһҶ˶˳
СӣΪӰǳصģΪˣСıҵӰ㳢ҵľ۾Ц
Ҷֳؽһ˿ѪղӰķʮ־ˣǴľзȫҲܵ˲Сļѹ˲ˡۿǺľĿʱоһ֡Ҫʩչǽ϶ˣΪûôʱ׼ôֻܡ
Ҷ¶֮תȫԪһԪʼľٴοӿȫļҲԪĳͶʮּӲ
͡
Ҷ˫һУһȻؽȻһǿɫ׵˲ӽڿ˲ǿ޴ٵſռܶһǿһ׳Ȼܳ𡱵һ׵˲仯һǿΧžƲڿ˲һţٴγ˾ŵǿľ
նҶ̤ſ׾̤ٴʩչնŶĺľȥ
ľҶʩչҲЦݣǿתһȣ𣡡
ʱΧʼһ̾޴ĺɫâɫâǺɫʯһǰѸᣬתһѪɫĹâԲϲʱ֣޴Բ̵ת͡
ŵܵҶʹٶ죬Ųϵľ׺ĳȥһ˲ײ˺ɫԲϣģǺɫԲȻһɫ׵ĹȻԭڣ޵е˲䱻գȫûбκʵ
Ȼ󣬡͡ϵĳ֣һǿȥȴûκãֻǺɫԲ˾Ŷѡ
Сӳҵ˰ɣľʱӿԲ̿ķĻʮ͵ģķԪ࣬ұʩչӰ֮ͷţƺܶ࣬һʩչɹֵܵǿĹ
ҶľĿȴû˿ֱֱͣͣĳǺɫԲ̳ȥƺҪԼײԲһøղŻЦĺľеһ˿ɣѵСӷˣ
ûҶҪʲôȻҶڿҪ嵽Բ̸ǰʱ򣬵һΣӳһʲô
ʱдвãûüʩչʲôֻ˲䣬һ۵İ׹Բǰһ
һƽ֮
ءһ챬졣
һպڶ˲γɣȻ˲ʧ޴Ĵ۵ĹâⱬըҫʱݡϵĴɲǼ䣬ǧǿоʹһ㱬ǿ󣬾޴͵ĳһХʮ־ˣˮһǧоǱѹ˶Ķħһ㣬Żصƣһдܳ޴ⲨƵ͡
ͨըף
Ҷڸղų嵽Բ̸ǰҲǾľʱ򣬽ոչͨըױ˳Щۣû뵽ͨը׸õ֣ûȾҪõһţãҲûЧսֶˣֻںľûзӦʱըһǿĳ
ͨը˲䱬ѹըڵ˲䱬źɫ̳ȥ͡ϴӺɫбһϸСţ治ӿԽԽ࣬㻹ܼǿǺɫ̽˲Ӿ˲䱻飬̶ӿ˲ӿźľȥǵص˲ײ˺ľӰϣʱбΪͨըﴢʵ̫ˣǿУܼķӵȥ˭ҲԵֵס
ľһ˲ѾȫɵˣȫԶתҪֿͨը׵ǿͨը׾øʢһըܱȣʮҲʮǿӿκ˿ľǿѹͬѩһգۼ֮ӰֱӱӿдɢľҲӿǿֱըˡ
ڽľը֮Ȼӿ޴أɽʹֱʯ׷ɣ̳һֱ룬̳ɢȥԲһڶըһƬǽ壬ǿҶ涼զࡣ
ڵϣϵĴ˽һöͨըԼĻʮа˾Ų˾ֱӱը
ǺŮӺһȳһյİӶĿɿڴĿзһУԭѾռϷĺľȻһ˲ͱˣʤת֮죬Ӷûת
⡭⻹𣿡૵˵ղǵصֱɵˡ
Ůɫ԰ףʿˮû˵
ҶĴ˿ؽȻһһ׵ƣŶˡ
˲عŮȻȫţǽöУһɫĹâΧֱתŵĶ˺Ů󣬱Ͼ֪ҶѾӰ
Ҷ濴ˣѾЩ飬˻û˵黹ûꡣ
ǺŮɫ԰׵ĿҶ棬ҧҧȻ˫һӣʱʮֻ뻯һȦΧΧĳɫâϵҫͬʱһɺɫĹâʼΧתҶ濴ʲôȻһַ͵ķ
ȣŮеָһ䣬˲䣬âҫϣݡĻŻ߳ҶȻϢַ෨Ƿеĵͣϻž綾С
Ҷ˲һΣȻȫӿϣڷʱһӰ˲䳯Ƴףɹȥ
Ϊķ˵ңҶǴһ˿ǺŮӵĲ԰׵϶ʱһĨΡ
ҶȥʱͻȻоϢһ䣬ƺֻˣʱһû뵽뻹ת򣬶Ҿ֮ղŵĴ⣬÷뼸գ۾䴩ʱ̣Ҷһֻ˲֣Ȼöȥ
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ϸСıը汻ö봩͸ȴɹĸı˷ķ򣬵Ҷӹһ٣ʱ亹乣׻˵ǹ׶㰵ѷղźľǹܴʧڷϣҲġ
ŭĴʰ˵ʱתۼȴտյΧûһˡ
ˣҶһɨѾܳʮܵıӿˡ
ˡۼҲ׷ˣҶҡҡͷͷһԺҲҳˡ
㶨һսҶЩ۵Ŀ˿Χһͨը׿ûõϣ۷壬ϽһöʵҲöԸͨը׵Ļ֪Ҫٱ
Ҷ̾˿Լľ黹ˣԺҪСĲźá
ͷһʱҲˣûȥˣһ첨гȥ

ʱںС
һʿվһƬֵǰһü
磬⵽ʲôطһ߸ӣĴһˡ
ף˫ĿΪȻѾ۷壬ͻصƣǰʮ޴Ӻһ޴ĿַĺͼԲʯ̳ʱüͷһ
һʲ£˺̽գһ·ѷ뺣ȴżһĺڷ磬ȻһΪأ͵Ҳ۷壬ȴһڷǴһҷɣòײŴӺڷдܳȴû뵽һ۵
ƺһʱܳӰ߲ʯͷͷ绯ʯϾܿƯУСа׷ԲΧǲϵĿ籩ǵʱ򣬵һ۾Ϳм䣬ʯΧԲʯ̳Ϊʯ̳ϲҫĳɫɫʮֹ죬͸ž޴
Ƕ켣񷣬Ҳȷ⵽ʲô
Ҳ£һϵĴ󡢷Ӧǽʲôӡ˷˼Ƭ˵ϲףȻûֶȻƾֱжϵ
ţҲһ󡢷ҪȻΧʲôûУֻͺͺʮӣͿĵʯ̳ҿ˳һʯΪʯ̳Ϊĵķ󣬶ַѾˣǧǰʿġһŮڿһȦ֮Ҳͬ˵˵
ǱΨһȥϣǴˣ˿˿ΧڵĿռһܿƵ籩ʱһǳҲ²⣬ǹһɺڷ磬Ϊ˸˷űģƿڷԶʧΧĸ֮ҲɢȻ֪ʲôȥֻһַˡ
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˱ȽϽΪĸо˵ĹĶ£֮ĿǰҵҲûбĺð취ֻܵͷͬˡ
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ֹŴ󣬶ǲϤ󷨣ҵƻܵ´õķͣԱҪ·˾õİ취
Ϊ˿ʮֽһʱ䣬ָԼΧһҲʹֹһ֮һųʲôǿ֣Ϳ˺ѹڿʱԼͲ
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ЩȻû𵽶ãΪ⼸˵׼ʮֳ֣˿ûжԼͷŵĴʲôӰ졣ܿ죬ŴеʼϵķҲʼʯʯϵطܿҪһ㡣
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ʱŴͷųѾȫռռǰ˷󣬺ܱܿЩǿ
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ȻһɹɺɫϢӵϴܳʲôһһ
˽ŵעðĺ֮ʱͻȻءһ죬м˲䱬


ʮһ ۷֮· 352¿ħ
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ѸΧһȻóĶըһ󶴵Ĺʯ̳һɹɺںɫĹŹϢӴܳЩںɫƺһڿռвϵĴܶصĵ
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˿ⳡʱҲʱǲõڲϵתŴ󲿷ĺںϢ
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˶ʱ֪ʲôȲеײޣҲʲô෢ħȴһۻ軨ߡ
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ѽѽѽѽǺţˣͷԹԵЦ治֪ôлǣ
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ħһ㶣һ綼ܴͷȸЦһͷڲǰɡ
ҲЩɻм䣬ƺû˵ʲôŽпħˡ
˶ˣ˶ˣҲѽѽʹˣӲˣǰǶѪпħͷЦһȻΡΡĴͳһĲӵ˫Ϊ˫˲ŽѪпħģΪ˫ֽСѪ衯
ѪѪпħ˶ʱ˫۷ֱȫ٣˲ʲôħ֢һ
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еĳأڿȻ裬Ȼһ嵽ϣʱХӵ˲ܳƥɫϻڵĳŶͷܹȥͬʱҲʩչǿĹǹ籣ɽǵصƳȥ˲ͽͷûˡ
һʱ䣬裬һڿռŰǿһδγ棬ըӣʯ׷ɲϡ
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ȵһɢȥ֮߻ǸվԶűΡΡġ
ɫѾû˿ѪɫˣΪԷʵʵ̫ǿˣ֮
ϣһȣȳȥ޴ٴϴܶĸȻѾʧȥģıܣٴʩչ
ͷһĻС̰棬۸ͷʲô˼أһкܶûнкܶɳû˽⣬ûʱ˷ء
ͷ̧ͷ˫Ѿĺ⣬Ŷˣ΢΢һ˿Ц⡣
˴ʱʩչϣٴξۼҪѣͻȻһ΢һͬӰһͷ˲͵ǰҼǼǼ⣬һ̶ʱһƬհףֻͷ˫۾һɫĹâҫ
꣡Ȼоһ飬Ȼͱһ˫ֽţʱȫѪҺܿƵĳദӿȥȻ˳ߵͬˮһ˽ȥܿ͸о佩Ӳȫ鴤һޱߵܿȫ
ʱѪĲӿԭϻ׵ͷܿй󣬲ְױ߻ңߵɳڵƤҲƺϻͯһ㡣
ʣ˿״ʱ۾ɴˣʩչ
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ãð˿Լ˫֣ܵöûеĸоסĸ̾
ǸޣҲްɣ۾һתŶĸˡ
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ৡһ˲ʩչȫԪóٶȻŲ·ĳһȥɱ籩ҲԸⱻֲĿħʳѪ
ߺߡ΢΢һЦһţһ˲䣬Ѿ˴󺺵ıϣͬʱֺ޳͵ľͲ˴󺺵ıס࣬Ǵ󺺵Ķ˲佩Ӳͬʩչ˶һһɾְȫ


ʮһ ۷֮· 353¿ܴ
ӳȥ
ǣں棬ôӵóȥ
ܿ죬ԭˣܿͱ߿ݹǡ
ѪпħʱѾָʮģΪһˣͫеĳɫâɢȥ
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ʱҶҲһɹɱɫ壬һ岻ϵܣ޴ӿԶˮԪš
ģҶ˫ۣȻгһ÷ӴСıɫ裬Ҷڽϵõ˺ԪҶ潫˵ߣȻ߶ٵתͬʱһɹɫٵĴӺԪϴܳԴԴϵĳҶĿдȥͬʱҶϵĵɫâʼǿڵˮԪҲԴԴϵܵӣһɳӯԪϢķθܡ
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Ҷ㲻ȥǲ֪ǮСӵĴ󣬲ټŶϵŮҲȤҷǿȥ˺üءǿҲܳ٩˵
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곤࿡ʣ˫ĿƳȣ̬ƶΪףοܴķʲһߣɷǣۻ䣬˫Ŀ⣬ϸᷢüۼȴһ˿֮󣬿ƺٲӡ
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ţ˵ĶԣӦ׼Ҳ˵ͷ
ʱﶼʼѣ۷׷ףӽȣϾĶһܣҶڼ̳м֮ǰܹ򣬴̳֮Ȩ͸ȶ֮оǸܴĻ̨ʵǿǿһţ˭Ҳʧȥᡣ
ãҿλ۵ʮңƴ˴֮ٺĳҲڴܿǴλӱʲ΢Ц˵ȻԱߵ򿪿˵ʽ֪λＯϣʼ˴죬ͬʱУϣ׼ʱ
˵Ҫ֮ʲר˰ʱʱ˽ܶҲץͨѣѵʶеˣҶȻҲ˽ύĶ󣬲֪ԴҴҸ֪֮󣬾Ϳ첽뿪ˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 354¿
Ҷ˻صСԺ֮Ϊʱȣǲҵ飬ʼ͡
ʮУǾͨ󷨵ģȻ󷨲ǺܶôûԹҲܣܿͣһ׹ͣһ׷ͣһ׼ǿͣڵĻӵܣƻܸڱչأҲΪ֮а
ʮ֣һ˾͵˴¥ĸǰʱѾۼ߰˰ˣһأ߽»߶֣ߴֲ£ЩȻһ֮ˣŴ綼ء
Ȼܶ࣬ȴ£ȻҲ֪֮Σ֣նԵеѹ֣в̸ЦԼʵš
˴νȵĸֹȻ࣡һصϢΧԶˣʱͷ
޵˵ͷǰһɨͿɽʥ佣ѪҴӣпǣﳤЩЩʮðģۼҿüǰûȴˣ϶ǵõʼҷųȵϢ˸ֵġ
ǣЩвٶɢаŵģʲûôӣΨбܽҲ˵ͷ
ţʼҲˣȴûж˵ֻҪаνˡͷ
Ҷһֱû˵ԶһɢǿϢЩʶ֮ɽɽĸоΪкܶ˱ᣬȴѾصʵˡ
˵ţͻȻҶоһƵĿ⳯ɨһתͷԶذƮƮЦĵĿҶ棬Գ˺⻹λŮޡ
Ҷ۽һ˿Ĺ⣬ηĺذ¶ӣذºܻܿж֣ʱذµȴû˿ѹ
ذ΢΢ͷȻʾҶԼСĵ㡣
쿴ذ£ʱĿһذȴû죬ȻûȻŮޣȥ
ģԽԽ࣬ȵĲʱʼҵҲˡʲʼҳһ߳ȻһЩ⣬˵һЩвŻеΣգҸÿ˷һͫкĿǰѾ̽ĵͼһЩȥҪ֮أȵȴûж٣ֻкܴԵıʻͼ
һ׼ʱʲ߹֣ʾʲôߵ˵ͷһһɫĹâ˲䵽գȻ̻ͬһɢ㡣
ʲôʱͻȻֻһ󡰺¡¡Զսһòû˶ɫһ䡣ܿ죬˿һɫƾճ֣ϣ޴ɿתתһˮһϵƣ̶һʼֳȻаĶҲС
һ⻪ɢϵ߷ֿһֻ޴Ĵ˳һ˲䣬⻪ת۾ֱˡҶҲ̧ͷȥֻⶫƺĳְĴ󴬣ڿУһάֵĹâ䣬޴Ĵգ¿ռ䶼ڵסˡ
ۣʼȻǧ尡ǿ۾ɵֱһο˷ܵĶ
޶ҡӣ۾˵һ϶ǧˣôһңĻʯɡ
̾ΧҲ׷׾̾˴Ĵǻû
ʼ˿ڿܵı֣ϴһ˿΢Цĵ׸ǿģЩ֮ܶгҪ˶ãʼ췱ĵλͻȹˡ
ȵ󴬻ĸ˵ͷʲǰһ˵λʼҵġ񱦴ԳǧˣΪ˻ʹҵרųҵǴɣ
һ׷Ȳ񱦴ʱѤõĹâŰ񱦴ȥ
嶯ʲ˵꣬ȥ˱Ҳ׷׸泯񱦴ȥ
Ҷ׾̤˲ʹܵ˰񱦴ǰʱȳȥķޱ˦˺档ҶǴ֮´񱦴һĴֻ࣬ûнѣһ޴ĸ¥վڸ¥ϿΧķ羰вλȻΪλ׼ġ
˷׷˴˶̾ʼҵĲ޴ұƣһɣƾϸ̣ڲʩҲơ
ʼ˶Ǵ֮Ҳλʼϴ֮󣬱㿪ʼŴһȥʼ⴬תڲһ˼λֵתʼ˿ٵľλһɫĹâзɳܿ񱦴ͱϿʼһϸ΢磬̶ԽԽ죬󼸺һӿʧˡ
ʱڴеˣܿΧһٵĺˣһ޴ְΧţƽȣҲû˿ҡ˸̾ⱦĲס
ܿ죬ڿмٷУԼһ֮󣬾͵˺ҲϴʲҶǵĵص㣬һξ˽ȥʱܶû˶ʼ⺣пҵͳֲʧѷǶо档
뺣֮󣬾Ϳʼϵĵһɹϵĳű֣Һð񱦴ʮּ̣ϳҲûɶ˺ȴôĲɫ䣬˰񱦴ʮǿ֮ܵʱʮֲֿ˵Ļ˲ͻᱻɣҶʣ¡
һ·֮£ٵĳźȥһ·Խȣ籩Խǿ󣬰񱦴ܵĳҲԽ
ڣھǧεĴС֮󣬰񱦴ͣһƬʯΧȻҴܡ
Ҷƴ˵ؾȵˣµûʼҵ˱㿪ʼһ𣬰λʼվڴͷŶҸʯռ䣬̸ʲǰʽ֪ͨҴ˵ؾǽȵڡ
˷׷׿һƬеҵʯ飬֪ʼҪʲô
ܿ죬λʼ߿ʼӰ񱦴зɳȥȻȫһ㵭ɫĹ֣ƺĳվʯռгֳԼһ˽״ռһǿϵܣӰ˸ʼߵϳְ˵ɫĹâЩâӿǿڿռпܣѸٻǧʯռͿܿ죬ЩʯУϵΧռ𵴡
˵ע£ԭɢҵʯʼγһ޴ԲȦת
ݡһʯʼɢһǿȻΧƵԲȦпʼҫ㣬еתͬһ۾һ㣬һ޴Ŀռ䱻ˡ
˿ľ󣬷׷׾̾
Ҷ濴ǳԲȦڹתоһ޴ĿռѾſ˻ռڴž޴ıأҲ޴Σգɱ¾սҲѰãһ󼤵סĲ벽񼶱ĸֻʲôöǡ
ܿ죬ű򿪣ȻʲǱȵĿռ䣬ռϲʱ䣬Ҳ˵֮Ҫٹˡ
ұ֮ӴңϣҶض飡ڽȥ֮ǰҪһ仰Ǿǧ򲻿̰ᣡʲ߰˰ٵĸ֣̰Ĺâ֣ص˵Խ࣬ΣԽʱֻſػݾ޴ΪΣ֮УңϣҲҪɱɱ飬ʼһʵгͷģ
Ȼʲô˵ҲһЩ˶ѣʼҵʵޣûȥලԹŶᱦ֮ͬΣһҶ˭ҲܲˣϵĹҪġ
˵֮ʲʾ˿Խˡ
ʼвٵļʿֱӼ𱦱ͳǳŵĴԲȦȥ˶׷ȥ
Ҳ߰ɣ쳬Ҷ漸˵ͷ֮ͬ󣬱׷׼𷨱һâڴܽȥ
˻ûзɶ·̣ͻȻһǿӱĺռдܳʮǿ̽ʿϢѹȥٶһʹ˽ȥ˶ûʲô
Ƕʱѹʮǿ󣬳ʱһɹѹХһ˹Ȼ췱Ŀܣܶ˼ٴ棬ȴûоǿϢ¡¡֮ѹȻľ
ʲôⶫȻܳһ˽ȥʺҶ涼һ
Ҷ۾ֻоղⶫܹȥ֮ʱͷһʲôסһʮܣһλֵĻ¾Դﵽ˰벽񼶱
ⶫһţΧ׼ʿ׷׻
ҲҪģһռʲôޣʲʱվ򾲵ĺڶʿǼʶ㣬֪ʲ϶˵ٻǶȻֱӴܽȥûйǣҲٵСһ׷ٴ
壬£ʲôʲ˵֮乣ȻղŵǶѹ󣬶ʱʼҵҲһɫ࣬ǶػȴûмôǿĶⶫ˲֣˲ʧûס
Կ϶һǺޣĿǰûôǿģһ֪ɫص˵
ʲôȱܣ֮󳹲飬ȲʲôʱԲߣʲܿ˵
ţ˵˵ͷɢȥ
Ҷ¿׾̤ٶ죬ǿٶȣûйĳȥһͬţһŴ۵ĹâǵҶĸæۣȵ۾ʱǾͿԼĵطһƬЩֵأǵǸ޴ĹȻš
ͷȥһɽĴɽһֱ쾡ͷɫռ䶼˹ĺɫƬռҪģԶŵĴɽȡ
ҵιԹԣطͦ޿ſռо޴ɽо޴ޣʱ˫۷Ź˵
ţԽԽã̫СһʩչأǿҲ˵
һΧȻ˵Ƭռܴ󣬵һǴɽУǿܲȣǾȳǰ
֮ͬ󣬾ͼٳɽȷУͬʱҲܿԶٵʿҲѡȥɽȡ
һ·ٷУɿĳɽȷȥɽԶҪԶĶ࣬ռ伫ȶͻһƬƬĿռѷ죬ǲǻСΧ˰ʱȻûеɽȵıԵʱǵΧĸӣӵ벻࣬жԱһʵǿҲбĸ֡
һ·еʱͻȻǰķǿɫһ䣬Ȼڿᣬ˵ã磬ΧʲôڿǴģ
һɫҲһ䣬ΧĿ˿кͣɵǿǰϸʵ˵㣡ʲô
ǿڿţǰ棬ǰһǿĶ߿ƾϢϿʿӦ֡
ǿɫأȻоܲá
һǰ濴ȥǶоһЩԾ


ʮһ ۷֮· 355Σ
ȻоԾȴΪңƾоϢλܣΪϢңΧܿĿռ伫Ϊޣֻܿǿˡ
ڿͣηǿ˵ǿıӣֹ̾ͣǰڿ͡
ΧĸӶûз쳣ǰɴܡ
ͻȻ͡Ȼһɫӿռƾմ̶ܳһһӴӰӴдܳ޴ʱ򲻶ϵĳƣʮ־ˡ
ҶǳŹ￴ȥֻһֻž޴ֻȫž޴磬ɫΧҫһɹϢӴɢ
ΪѾ׼ֹͣǰǲ֪Ĵȥļͳ˴ܳʱ˲ǣΪƾճֵģԣЩûʲô׼ͱУܳʱſھһǿĳɫ磬ɳʱɫĵ˿Ҵܣ۵ĹâҫС̫һˣռо޴Ҳ
ܵǸȻܿͰڿͷȻ˱Уһֱӵȥһˡ
Ǹʣµչ˹ܿһ
ڵһͷܳãռпʼϵҫɫ޴ٴܶһУһֻֻϵӿ̶һӣѾʮͷɫƤ;޴ĳǿҵյ˹˲佫ǰĸȫΧ˽ȥҶΪ˷Щܳʱ򣬶תƿһƬҵ
ǿĹӹȻ飡޹Ц鵹ùΪ졣
ǿһӣ˵ǣҵıµһ
ù޵ֿʼˡǿ۽žͳһ֡
쿴Ҷ棬ɫӸղŵȱԭΣնˡҿʼҿܹʧ󣬿϶вٿ˻䡣
Ҷͬ뵽⣬ȻЩ˺ǻûʲôϸ𣬵ͬΪʿϾϣǴˣҲûʲô취ο磬ˣҲûǣܱΣһҪĻȥ
ţģĳƴҲֵǳԿģ¶һ˿Цݣһ˵
Ҷһһжʱ޳ҲĻһж顣
˸շɳãͻȻһ¡¡ľ죬ϵķţ޴ѹ˲ǵͷܳ˶ʱһǿǿҲһ𾪣ңûŵϢ
죬ڿͣʱ󺰣̰͡
ʱ¸¡֨ѽһУڣǱеķˮһڿռйĶͬʱһ޴ĺɫӰӿռ˲ܳһֱɽľ޴ӥĹ˲ܳȻ޴ĳһǿ籩˾ҷҲ˲ɢңֻҶǿţҲѣǿĹôġ
ˣɫ԰׵૵
ҶҲһأֻͰȷˣɱǻ練ơ
ڴʱǳϵһĻˣ޴ĹڿһȻ󸩳űҶ˦ԶȺȥٶޱȣЩʿ˲䷴Ӧ׷ױŵɢӣٶȿ磬˲ȥȻһھҧסһ̶ֻһֻצһצӾͽһֻɵϡ
ʣµ׷׾ֵӴܣܿ죬ҧһֻצץһֻĳʧĿУһʿδ
ԭԭǳģ㶵˵
ţҿҲǣôСأҶ˵
ﻹǿʳЩĿЩɢʧɽӴޡ
ܿ죬ԭȷɼҲ׷׷ɻһδ˲
ҿԺǾԷͷкˣҪȻ֪ٴܳʲôǿǿıҲȫˡҶ濴ˣ鵽һ׷׵ͷֻʣǿЩͷɥ
Ҷֵ˵ĶԣδҴóʮֵľҪȻ˵ҪԺܴĿ쳯
ţ˷׷׵ͷ
˺˾ͿʼԷǰҶǰǾͨ󷨵޳ͷŷ֣ɷ޺ͷǿͳŴɽȷȥڶʱ򣬲ŵɽȵıԵصһķУĹϮЩʵǿǻоյĵִĿĵء
һƬɽȣǳĿֻ֮ܿӴɽѣɽȲʱܿһĹâһĺУ޴ĽϵӴʹɽΣءɽȸǰһоСѹΪǰһƬɭִ󺣣ŶΣ˭Ҳ֪޴ǵĸ֪ģĿռäˡ
߰ɣȥͣһȻһص˵
˴зΪΣյĵطڿзڵ˴߱ɱ
ȥ֮ǰһ׼ͷС͵䷨ʹԼϢڱԶ޷֣Ϊ޵ĸоҪĶࡣܿ죬ǽУڽȥ֮ûСﲻϣߣħЩ˶һĸ֣˻ӦĹǿɽнٶ
һƬ֮УƬʮ죬һ󷢳ī̵ɫһ̵ִɫʼ˻ΪһƬء
磬ŵһҩζվԵĲ鿴֮ʱǿͻȻ˵
ôһ˵˶ʱ£Ͼⶼһˣȴûʲôջ񣬳һЩ޲֫˵ʮֳԣķҩǱضƷʺܸߵĲҩ˵ҲƷ
ǿĻʱȤǿϸţҩʲô򣿡ѹס˷ܣ˵
ãǿʼϵñĴᣬһӣһָǰ˵򣡡
ã˵ͷע⣬ǵͿշɹȥ
˵ţ˷׷ʩ׵Ŀռ䳯ǰСܿ죬ǾͿһĵɫâǰһ˷ܣǰܿ죬شɫʯһԣʯðԭһƬɫʯ
ڿϣʱ۾ɴˡ
ˣôʯ޾ϲĴЦ
ʲôģЩʯĴأû쿪ڣǿһˮʯʯ£ϵĿҪ֮ܳΪʯ
ţǿû׳գ޳Ц
޶ʱʧͺԼǧʯһ
ˡǼСǰҩӦþǰ棬Χôʯʮֳ㣬ҩ϶൱˵ãηǿ϶ˣ쳯˻һȦ֮˵
ô˵ʱ˷ܣʼһ·ķȥܿ죬ʯԽԽܼԽԽܼǰһʯɵСɽķ⣬ɽĶˣ޴ɫҶӾͷһĴͷҶصİУһɫ۴СԲ򻺻ƯţһŨҩӿٵգͬʱͷųһɹ˵ҩζ
˶ʱ۾ɴˣûôĳҩǱǻ䱦һһ֪һҩܱȡ
ԹƣҩƷӦѾ˴ͳݵȼﵽ˴˵еɲݼ𣡡ƶҩо˺ܿȷҩĴµȼҩ˲ҩ֮⣬ҩҩΪƷͨҩﶼҩģһֱҩ֮˷ΪƷףϧĲҩѾҩĵزΪ˵еɲݼҩĵȼӦѾﵽɲݼˡ
ɣɲݡ
㶵Ŀűǧʯŵĵ裬ʱʿˮ
ǾȻ˴˵еɲݣ޷⼤ֶ֪ķˡ
ƣڲҩ֪ö࣬ȲҩӦעʲôûбɲݳɵ֣صʵ
ƿ˿ɲݣΪ֮ɫ˵ʵҲǺֻ֪˵ɲݵĲժʮѣҲҪ棬һʲôʧ̻ҷ𡣶ҡ
ңɲݣΧضǿػҶƵĻ˵
ǵģƵ˵ͷ
һʱһͬǿǿһ㶣Ȼ͵ңûŵʲô
룬Σȹȥ˵
ãһͷȻĳɲȥһߣһ侯Ĺ۲ΧֹͻȻܳʲô
һֱߵɲ棬ûκΣգʱɲѾֿɼˡ
ҿɲǸ⣡һΧʲôûУʱ˿
ɲûе֣һжδ֪ҡҡͷȻԸ˵һ£˭ȥժʣµ˾䣡
һ󣬾ȥժƴһ˵û£ȥɣҩҲǴͬģǶо飬㲻ȥûб˿ѡˣ
ԥһ£Ȼ˵ͷ
ã䣡ʣµʮ̽ɲݵΧΧĿ档
һֱȥȻ˲͵ǱҶΧŵĵҩǰֱֱĿɲݣֻɲݾһöɫˮһȴƺģһ͵ĹâɢһɹŨҩ㲻˱ǶʮˣҩٴΣض
룬ɲȷʲôԵģһҩǲõģ³ˣֱӽҩˡʱһͻȻȻҩɫʯǱضʯû˵ĵβʯһҩأ
ôһ룬һƴΧһʯȻ󲻶ϵУܿ죬гƬ״Ķһܵҩˡ
ҩ֮һʼժɲݡ
Ѹٵתڵʱһɹܵٻڿʼٵδ˫۵ľٵĳ嵽Уʱһɹγɣͬʱһ
ƶ׼ɲݣŽҩ
͡
Ȼһҩһһɹɹâʼɢ俪ܵʲôһʱҲƲ˷ʱ䣬̼ӴʱҩȻһ͡ԭһֱɢŵҶȻЯһ磬˲ͽư
ƶʱһУûüʩչͱⲨһɫҶӡ˲˽ȥ
Ƶľʱ󾪣̧ͷȥȴ֪ʲôʱԭɢŵҶȻѸٵڿо裬޴ЩҶӡд˳ѾܼġҶӡûˡ
ɢҶȷӦȻѸٵһҲ׷׾ŭܿ
ܿ죬ǽġҶӡΧ
ǡҶӡվͬŵһҶӡšһһɵĴ֣ڿצ
ʱŭû뵽Сģȴ֪ػҩħҩߣƱ˲ɡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 356º
û׵ľͱ˲ɣ˶ʱ˲ֿΧȴһʱ䲻ȥ
Ϊ죬壬Ҳֲͷβֻͣһ߳ªĳɫӷӣڿצĴ֣ҲǸղűΪɲҶӵĶ
磬⣬ô죿ǿ˿˲䱻ɣ˶ӦʱŴ޵ȴ֪֡
ɫĿ֣ŭô죬չͣ˴
ţ˷׷׵ͷһ˾ͷ
͡һ鶯צĴ˲ΪĴּ࣬ͬʱ˷˹ٶޱȣգۼ͵ǵĸǰ
ϣһȻгȻһǿڹ⣬ڹǰ˲εضͬأӥһɴܵУϵڹ˲ǰ裬һǿ䣬ٵдӳϴܳӵϡʱӦϣ׷ڵϡ
ҶҲϣؽⱬ裬һ׳ӽϴ޼ҶȻһʱؽϵͬĵһڿռпܣ޴˲֣һâ˲鲼ҶȫΧİڵĿռг׵磬׵ԪٱǣܿѾ˰ʮâΪ˺Ԫʹȫ٣ʹ޼׼ʱҲ˺ܶࡣ
ǹǿĴѸٵڿƲҶΧ׼ɣʱҶ޼Ѿγɣ޴ͬ׵һ˲ΧĿռը֮ڶܿΧԭѾóѵֱӱѹ׵籬һһ̡
֨ѽ֨ѽ
ֱҶʵǿ󹥻˲ٴ֣ʱӴһĴзһУͬѹŵĳһ졣ƺǱŭˣͬʱȫĴֲϵĳ汬䣬һɫϵĴ޴ٵĴܶʱȫĴֻǧֺɲǼ챬裬յĳҶ˷ɳ
ʱҶΪһѾͷϣȫ˲Ȼ˺󣬶ƿͬʱ̲ĸˣޡǿ硢˰չ͵ƶ˲չ˵ڶ
ȻʵҶ٣ƶĥ͵ʱѾϳһ壬Ͻ֮ʵ
һڿб裬ϱɫĹâӣһǿ磬ڷ޵мٵȶʱһǿɫĳٵĴܳһʱ仯Ľɫꡣ
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Ʒǿų飬ȫھзתȻͨ˫۴ܽɻУӿٵ˷ǿ̶ɫҫ۹âһȻӿʼΧŷǿȫת䲻ϵĴ߶£âʼܣԽԽȻÿռʱŽʣµ˷׷׼ֿ
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ҶҲصĿſյĵ棬оһСѹղŻ־ˣȴֻʣˡ죬һŭ⡣
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쿴˿̾СɽϵĹ˵ͷҶֵãּȻɽϴӵ¹ǣ϶вСһִɽȥǹȥ˵ҵߣ


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ҶĶⱻը̳ɽ̳УǿһӴӰִʱ̾ɽըãҲòɽϹ¶ݣͬ޴ˮĸһһԲһ壬棬֣֧ڵЩѵվţƺΪɽ𣬶ߣʹÿʮֱŤ
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һڳ˱ֲˣ⼸һڷڵϣҶһһΣܿ죬ЩһŻ˹ʶҲָˡ
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ذͫһԭŵаЦʧˣһ˿⣬Ϊû뵽ֻؾġСһʵȴǿԼ˿ղ˫һغϽ־е˲Сѹٶȣ϶ࡣ
ػСˣذĵ˼ԭЩˣҲֵвʵУԲڣСӵʵ⣬ҪСδ֪仯ܿ죬ذ¾¶ģȻѾˣûлͷѾˣǲܵģȻΪҶĳֻЩ֣ʤʵġ
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ҶۼԷܹȴû뵽ذ²֪ʲôĹʹȫٶȱһգ۾ͳ嵽ĸǰʱһؽȻ޴ӽϷܶһǿ˲䳯ذ´ܹȥʮ־ˣôʱڷӦƵһʮ־˵ʵҶΪӦûᵲסԷһʱȴذµһĨһ΢Ц˲ʧֻ߰˵ߣ˲Ҷٳײһ𣬱һ
ҶˣһҶûذµӰ֪ڽʱͻȻҶ۽һһ˿׹֣ʱ붼û룬ؽҪȥ
ͻȻһ̶ļХܽĶ䣬ɼХʮֹ죬ֱӴ̼꣬Ҷһ˲ֶ˶ؽ֡ʱذץסᣬ˲бȳһ˲ʧȥֿҶȡ
Ҷ汻ذʩչĹХţȫһҲǳصģѸٵķӦȻȻͷѣƾԼĸоһݡһɷ˲֣ϸ΢Ĺâذ´µķȥذԭʩչӰеĹУΪ˻ᣬȴʩչʱȻС賯˹ֱⶫԼ򵥣ʱһһȻСȥ͡ǴܳȻΪ׼ĳɷ״ȥ
ءһ죬ռ𵴲ϡ
ɷ׿󣬵ͷųʮ־ˣڿռб˲γĳһ߿ӿ޴˲ܳռһױذ¶ò˿
ըףذȣû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼֶ
ȵһлָ֮ذһҶѾܳԶĿ
Ҷû뵽ذʵڲöԸʩչķ޴ҪǸղӦ죬˲ɷ׽⣬ڿ·ˡ
ߣСӣͦ죡ذһŭУ
ৡһһٵĿӿذ˲ӰҶٴι
ҶѾʩչն˲ȫ񱼹ؽУһǿٱӿؽϿᣬʱؽҫһ˵ɫ⻪ʮҫۡ
߾ҶһȣؽȻ޴׵Ԫ˲ڽ⣬ȻҶ𡱵һһȫȻڳ޴ѹ֮ٿӿ֮󣬾ʹ糯ذ´ܹȥͬʱ˲һţŵɽһƳȥ
ءļը죬ŵ˲ذ±ײһ𣬱
ذһ˲䣬ӿһƹ˱ĳֱӵҶĸǰҶôҲû뵽ذµٶȾȻ쵽˵ز
һʱ侪ŭҶٴδʩչɷףûжֵʱȴذµȫħӰϵ趯Ȼһ˲䣬оԼΧĿ˲һȻǵ˽ˮһȫҪһʮѡ
Ҷʱŭû뵽ذ¾ȻĹ칦ɷ׶Ӳ
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һ֮һǿķ˲ӱдܳ޴ڳһ˲䣬Ҷоһǿѹͬɽһ˹ʮ׺ײϣҶɡ
ҶվҪذʩչǿײʱ
ȣһȴԶ
δ䣬һǿ˲˹ٵǿĵӰγɵĺƵɽĳذȻ쭣̶˲Ѿ˵ذµĸǰ޴ĵ˸ǰذ¶ʱŭ鼱֮£ֻŷˣƵӰķ˶ȥǷذµĲ£ԭҶ棬ʱһڿתһ棬ٳʩչĵӰ˹ȥ
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ʱѾĸŮ˴һղΪҶΣգȴܳҶ棬δϵذʩչķǿ󣬸æһ߷ɴܣûܳ٣һͷײĵϣײ÷˵ϡ
磡ҶһؽȻױŸղذµһǿԪռͳһХɳذ³ȥ¿׾̤ٶޱȣգ۵ذ¸ǰؽȻ
ذ¿Ҷǹһ˿Ц⣬ȻһһӰȻˣ˲ܿҶһ
Ҷһգٴὣϣȫ׵һǿٴܳ׵ƣĳذ׷ȥһɳǿޱȣذɹĮ΢ЦɵһٴαܿҶĹҶ֮ὣ񹥣һֱ߰˽ûذ˿
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Ҷûʩչǽ߱ľϷĲҫһǳ˯񱻻һ߱ľдܳռ˲䱻ռݡҶ̽Լ˼߱ľĽϡ
ذ¿ҶʩչľƣܵϢǿԲûзϣ޴ŴдܳȻͷſռһεҶȥٴγɹĻҶصޣٴαռסεΧȥʱذȴɫһ䣬ΪӴ˾ƵĿռεֱӱųˣҲû뵽ġ
ⶫЩŵذаеȴӽ˼֣޴ܳ˳䵽УɫһֱۿٻӶǼ䣬ɫĵ˳ֱɢݡһǿٴδֱܳƱŵҶȥ
ʱҶȴΪʩչǽܶԼ˾ƣҲ֪ܲܵסذµһҲûѡˣǧĻƿ϶ǲѰı˾ܸܵһǿѹȻûз˿
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𡫡һ֮󣬱ɫâ˲䱬㣬Щڿռһۣٴγɾǿı˿ûӣǷһιֱ֮ӱɢˡ
ذ¿һĻǼһ飬Ŀ˲û뵽ҶʹôԼʩչжǿΪظֺսһֱӽ鲢ҽУʱʩչûдﵽԻ˵ĳ̶ȣڣʩչ۳ɷˣǰҪǿʮһĿֲɼһߣղźʱ򣬷˲ӰɢˣһҶʩչֱɫϾȻûκãⲻò˾ȡ
ʱҶĵȴһϲƹȻʮǿȫĵʩչǽˣʩչһʱ򣬻Ҫһʱ䣬ֻҪܼкܴĻʻʤ
ذ¿жʱŭۿҬƺʩչʲôǿķ뾡ĴϣҪȻһʩչԤˣذ̼ȫתһĵɣȻǿٶȴֱ۳˲ܽ˱Уһ˲䱬Ϊҫ۵ĹâԶͬһС̫һһܳǿԴϵĳΧ
ȣذһȫָۣһȻüһ㣬ʱһɹɳɫĹâüܳЩâٵδܣȻ˫ۣһ˲䣬Ǳȵٴμǿ
һһȣʱ⻪ӿǼ֮󣬾޴ٴܳһֻ˴ǿҶٴγȥذ¼ȶеӣľ֮ٴγһֻˣ֮ذ»û֣ͣٴλҫâıȣһֻٴδ̶̵ܳһ˲䣬ذ¾ʩչֻǿķˣÿ
ֻ˴ӿҶȥ޴پ裬ڡ
ΧҶΧľŵӦֻ˵ϢٴһűɫĹâһ޴Ĺâͣ˲Ҷĸǰγһ满εķ֣ڶ̶̵˲䣬ͽռ̣һɫž۶ɡ
ءءء
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ذ²ģȻͳŵɫĵŷķģɫַƺ̺޾ƽذµȴȻÿľս̵Ǿ޴ڵش˲䲹ܶǺƾеĶս֮ʱʹô˵˲ʤذ¸ղʩչ˺ķ޴ҪҶıƣͱ벹һ
ȼȻŵܿͻǿ棬ذµΧתȻܿذܵ䡣
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ʱҶٵͣ߱ľʳϷҫ
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ʱҶڲϵĸĽ⣬ſռӿȵÿһԵ⣬ģܿ͸оһ˿ľ衣ģƺܿľ̺Ͻ
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Ҷ潫ںϣ̿ʼʩչǽǽǿڿۣ߱ľٴܶ
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ذ鼱ֹֻ֮ͣʩչһһ̽ȫ£һӰٵӴܡմܳףءһǽҶĿ˲䱬޴ܳ׺ֱӱ˲佫Χռɨûӳذ¡
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ذ±ҶʩչǿΧû޴Χ𶯣һĲ䣬һֱһӲֹͣ
ҶĴΧ߱ľٴξλΧҶһַĻת
һɢȥʱҶ濴ذµķ򣬴ʱذѾըڵأһ޴ĿӡϣڵĸŮӺǵĴҲͣˣΪذ±䣬ڵ˶ʱо˲ԤУҲ綯ˡ
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Ҷؽһᣬӽϴܳϣһȣȫٳ˳ȥ
ʱذҲѹɫ԰ףһƿŮСӣСӣаŹȻ˾޴󣡡
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ǣŮͷȻ̷ذµĸǰһ˴Χذ£Ϊ令
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ѵϼŮһȻһȡʱ̿ʼһֵĲڴдܶ˲䣬һɫâͬɺһϵĴܶ޴ӿΧԶ׶޵ĳɫâ֣ذºŮȫˡ
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ʱҶѾὣ˽ȥһȥ֮󣬾͸оԼƺ׹˳ɫĺһ㣬ΧĿˮһ㣬ȥ֮Χȫ¶ɫĹâΧţ½ضûвȵֱӳյ״̬
ʲôҶ濴ΧһƬ⣬ʱоЩŹ֡
ΣǴ󣬿϶һļޣŮʵУֻҪǿͻƣ϶ƿ󣡡Ҷһ˼ﴦͿʼʩչһ׵ԪĵﴦȻܳ޴ӿֱ۲ϵķɴܣ̶쵽ؽϡ
ȣҶһȣȫ׵绷ƣһǿ׵˲ͣؽ͵ʱͬױһ޴׵ʩչ²ϵƣһ׵ؽڳɫ⺣о裬ХһĿռ𵴡
Ҷķʩչʱ󶼿ʼȶԭͬһĿռʱһѷ죬޴ٵɫĿռػζҶʱЦеؽû˿ͣ٣ϵĺΧĿռ䡣
Ҷ治ںɫ⺣ŰʱͻȻ͡һһǿ˲ӸͷٶޱȣȻûйǿƺѹϾжϳһʮǿݲȥӲʱһ׵˫Ҷ˲ʩչ׾̤˲һ͡һǵǿ
Ҷոն㿪һιʱ򡣡͡һһǿϢ˲˹Ҷٴһ㿪ι֮಻ϵģԽԽг˹һӿϢҶΧҴܣ޴ϵķ裬һǿϢ˷Ҷ岻ϵеĹһαһǿ󣬸ݲϢʱһξʹ߰˸üζǲȥġ
ҶĿ׾̤ٶȾˣ˲֧ŵڣԽԽΣˣذµġӰôٶȣлܼࡣڣԽԽΣգڳɫĹ⺣УվܵǿĹһͬȳȺһϮµǣڸҲȥܶپ룬Ȼɫ⺣Ŀܡ
Ҷ汻׵棬ȥһҪܵһһйܿЩˡ
УȥҶһżʱ˶Ѿ㶼㲻ˣΪ˷Ҷ˲佫ͷųϾ޴ͷųŵʵǿΧ˲γ˾޴ķռ䣬з˹ʱ򣬾ŵٶĳпӿܿ͵йһڿռ
Ҷ濴ſռǿзӵƵʱһץʱϢϢʱ򣬲ϵĹ۲ЩУʼЩûйɵҷɣſţͷ֣ЩƺǴģƣпĸŮӾ˶ϳͷУֻҪҵиһ㣬ɱȥƿ
¶֮Ҷʹ߶ƣ϶һȥȻ򲻶ϳʱһĸˣȴӼᶨҶ뷨ϵӭŷӿгΪԳģƴʱͻȻ˲ʧˣһ̣һϣôٶ׷ϡ
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𣬳Χͷ׵磬һռ䲨ȴûܽ򿪡
жһ˿ʱͻȻءһΧĿռ˲䱻ˣԭͬһĳɫâϵıΧһ󲨵˲͸оԼʧˣһΣٴλصʵС
ʱ̧ͷһɨΧվŷǼѾһŮеһˡϴŲ԰ףƺЩĿǡһŤͷֻذڵϣȫɫϢƣһīɫĹŴƤͬʱһɹаϢܣذϵ⥪ͼҲʼĸƺ֮һ㡣
Ҷ淴Ӧ֮̾;һȣҶ졢ǿ̳ذ˹ȥɫ԰׵ŮӿҶǳذ˹ҧҧҲһӭֻҪܳŵذʩչɹӮˣҶҲ£һƴҪɱذ¡
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ؽŮӺܿмܲסˣʩ˼ηҹ֮󣬾ͱҶһ磬ʱѪ䣬ͬʱһٱٳһŮӵԴʱ
ҶɱŮ֮˲һʹܵذ¸ǰ䡱һһīɫ˲ܳҶֻоһ޴в˼ٵĿ壬˲ȴܿϵһʱҲûгһ˲ɳذȥذȻȫ뵽īɫϢİУʩչһ֮һīɫȻͬīɫĶһ˹һ˲䣬ˣ˲䱻īɫϢһҽУȥ
磡˷׷׾ŭ
Ҷ״ʱŭһ𣬡ն˲䣬ȫͬһĳϷת޴ٷӿһŭϢΧܶ޴˲ؽؽҫɫĵ⣬𡱵һ˲ܳһ˲𶯣Ҷ潫ڴ˳ȥ޴ٴܶǿϵķӿ˲仯ǵصƳذѹȥ
һ˲ذ¶ʱоһ˫ۣͱһǿֱӰһ˿̾ϢԭٳʮܳɹүȴᣬڸûˣһҶľŵ״ܹûᣬΪʩչܳʱͶˡ
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ʱԶǧ֮ңУһͿʮµŮϥȻǰĹһһʱһɢĳɫĸǰɫصĿȥһ˲ɫһ䣬ءһվµľ޴ʯֱըѡ
˭ɱҵͽܣȻסӣֳһɫĹ⻪΢΢Ŀ֮Ҷ棡
ʱʣµŮӶһ԰ףҵĿűըĴӣȻҲûмȥˣʣµһϴκӴսĺޣ޿ԱߵһŮӶһۣ̾һӵͶˡ
ҶܵذڵĵطϸΧ˿ȷذȷʵɱ֮󣬶ʱĳһ
Ҳ׷һһʵʵǿ󣬸ղŴĿνٳһʱ䣬¾Ҫ֮ˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 361·ֵ
ɱذ֮󣬷޿ˣ˷׷׳嵽ĸǰ̽ʱȫīɫĶţɫ԰ײѣղذȫīɫʮ־ˣȻһ˲ýж
˷׷׿磬ΪҽЩо̾硣
еĶʮֵ꣬ѾˣڶҽβˣֻܾƣæµһȻɫصĶ˵
ʲô궾һû뵽ھȻָ߼ҩ궾ʮѵϧĶҩһ룬ĽⶾݣȻ϶Ƿˣˣпܵȫ书ϡ
쵰޳ʱŭ
ƣֶҪʲôҩأҶҲʵϻһЩݣҽĲҲһЩ֪ܾܲȡ룬ָͷ˵ζҩ˵ζҩζҪҩҪʮζͨҩЭųɣֻʮζҩƵĵҩҲáҶһζҪݶǸ߼ݣеζ㵱óơƴţԺΪⶾĵ
˷׷׾ϲû뵽Ҷĺöôࡣ
Σô죿Ǽȣ޳磬ʱЩǵʵڣҶ⣬˶ܵ˺Ҫȫȫսȥųѡ
Ҳ뵽⣬üëšһ˶Ĭ
ҿɣһǴȥģѡȥȵʼҵǳȥɡҶ˼һӣȻ˵һ׷׶û˵죬⣬쿴ʱһᡣ
Ҷֵܣ㻹ǺһųȥɣϾһ˽ȥΣո󣡡˼˵Ҷ˵ҶĳνһıҪȵ˼˷ڴֹһǾ仰϶вʣλͲȥˡ
һ׷׵ȰҶ棬ҶѾ쿴ȣ˺˵ʵ̫أܽȥˣҲҶֵһ˽ȥҴҶֵһȥǾʱȥˣ
һ׷׾ҲѾ˾ĺҶһȥðգ˾ܾ˵ĺ⡣
ʱ޼Ůӣ޺һŮɫ԰ףһңŮɫЩǱǣȴһķˣķ񼤵Գ
޿¶һ˿ЦͻȻһһ˿ϣһŮʹ˸ɫŮӿʱס
λ磬ǰɣ޿ŷޣʱһףʩչ˹ǵķһεŷȫ޶ʱоȫЩȣһɹ
ٺ٣޸Цһ˼ԡ
磬ҲһʱͿذ±ġһŮӽ˵ţͬʱһͦʵ˫ʱԸе·ѹѩ׵ͷԽ𣬷޶ʱʿˮ
ǰ磬㳤ô˧Ҳ϶һլʺˣСϲˣͷǰɣҪԸǣʲôԸġ޽εε˵
ǰСʲôǾԲ˵һ֣һŮҲŸ͡
ʱ¾֧СҲֳһĨ죬ȻʼǷˣ־Ѿȥںϸ۵СĦţһʵʲôԸ
浱棡С׵˵ţӴ˹ȥһͳ˷ޣ޶ʱκģϴЦһֻ־Ѿ˺޵Ĵͷϡ
Ůܿʹչͷ޵ԽԽˡ
޳һŮʾһ£Ůӵ˵ͷৡһһذ˲֣ŷ޵ȥմƷŵʱͻȻһмһŮӵֱ˲䱻Ѫ䡣
һƱƣʱתһ糯һӴܣûӳãֻһ¡¡˲ӽд󾪣̼Ӵܣûӳã˲ͷһ˲䣬ֻ׵ǵصءһ£ϸıĽ˲ը˷ĩ
Ҷ濴ŮѾʱһ
ڵϵʱֻ޾ŭһ£Ǳжһ۵Ů˲ͷ­ѡ
ޣ㿴㣬˵˶ٱˣʿҪ׵ĽӽŮɫǲղǴֿ죬ɥȪˣǿӵҲ׷׸ȷ֪ղԼĲԣûзһĵͷϴ
ԺҲӽŮɫˣղһѵæͷ
šͿˣþ´ΣûôõĻˣóȻӣ־ˣΪϸһһҪ˷ϰ˵ͷ˵
ǣǣ˵ǣ
ϣͽղ֪˷ޣԭξȥͬˡ
˾֮󣬱뿪һ£пһѨżҺͿ޻óǬеļҾߣܿ콫ʯúˣȻʯ沼һ㷨󣬽Ϣڸ
һвú֮ϢһҶ˲ٻָԪĵ裬˵ʵָ֮ܿǰ״̬Ȼϵʱ򣬺˵Ѹٵ̽һȷû˷֮ųҹɫٵĳڲķȥ
ٶޱȣҹɫڴٴܶΪֻˣĿС˺ܶ࣬һ֧ǰĺܿ죬·ʲô߰ƷĲҩΪ˵Ŀȷǽҵʮ߾߰벽źΪ˼ٱʣĶԺԡ
һ·УڶʱǾѾɹĴԽ˾޴Ĳݵ֣뵽ȵвشҪ·̡
һ·Ƕûпһ֧飬ºܶΧͱסˡһ·ϵǿ˲ǿֺʯûЩ벽źҲһˡ
˷ɹһ֮󣬸оΧԽĻˣԭĴֲˣֻޱ޼ʵĹʯͻĮƺܹ󣬶ϻʱһĹţʱ֣ʱʧԶռ䶼һȵĸоǾ޴ıը֮µԴ
Ҷʲϵһ߾һ߷УΪûڵһַ֣սӵġ
磬ҿӦÿҪӽˣҶ濴Χ˵
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쿴ããޱ߼ʵĻĮǿıըƻأţҶֵ˵е벽񼶱ˮƽ治һܴﵽģ
ţҿŷΧƿֲҶ˿ˣֻҪɣ϶ܿ벽ź
ţǾĳɹҲԶˣ񼤵
˼ӿ쳯ķɴܣʱĵҲʼһЩ䶯ɫؽı˳ɫвپ޵ʬǣЩɽʬϣԿʱһըɵĻǺġ
ţͻȻҶ淢һЩֵĶ磬棡
쳯濴ȥͻȻһڵ㣬ƺˡ
ߣ쳯Ҷ˵һʱǵ治£Ϊ˵ĻذԭгĻˣʿ￴ͬ඼ܿĽˣϾޣͬ໹ҪõĶࡣ
˷ȥʱ򣬾ԽҲͿԽȷʵһˣȴվţŵһˡ˴Χٲ֮ԶĹͬʱʱ
ſڵϣһһҲܲʲôϢ
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˺ܿ쵽˴˸ǰ˲ţһ첲䷴֮Ҷ춼һΪ˲ǱˣͬһĿбȽĹɽ߹֮һʱǲģװܹ죬һۣɽܴȴҲСʼҲû˵ʲôǲˡ
ʱ컹Ҷ򵥵Ľһ¹ɽȴû뵽ˡ
ɽɫ԰ףƤݣһ⵹ΪɽϰĹص£ѾˣҶóҩֹһ˿˲ŻѹѾѳ󣬿ˡ
𣬱ȥ˿Ҷ죬ʱһߴһ߶Ҷ˵
ҶˣʱɻĶһۡ
ΪʲôʲôҶʵ
棬йžֵ˵ţˡˡ
Ҷ滹ҪʣȴȻ˫һͻȻĴ˼Ȼͷһᣬˡ
Ҷ´ʬ壬˿졣
ƺʲôֲĶһĿããĴĮ΢Ѿסߣľ벢Զ
ǵģɽ˵ģ·ͬһ㣡˵ġˡʲô˼ǹɽ߹ˣҶҲЩʣϧ̫ˣû˵ʲôмֵĶֻܸͷӰ
ô죿쿴ŻĮ
ô죬ߵˣȥߣҲġҶĿһһɺ
ţãҲȥһﶼһҲˣ쿴Ҷľ˵ͷҶһȥ
ãҶ˵ͷ˼һ·
ԴһˣԽɫԽΪһӣڰ·ֿһˣҲǹɽ߹ƺǽŵģ˿Ҳӳģûǹɽˣ·Ѿˡ
һΣһˣУһǹɽģġ
Ҷ˿ǹɽ˵ˣָɽҲ˲١ҹƣǱˡ
ţܿЩӽȥȴʲôµĶȫˣĶʮֲֿˣɫص˵
ţߣȥһᣡҶͻȻ뿴ʲôкη塣
ҲһܣܵҶĸȾҲãҲʲô֣
ٴߣΣǿ˲սĺۼ־޴ĿӣɢصĲ֫кŵĳﾭһ޴пս
Ҷֵܣ㿴һ·ţͻȻҶ澪Ҷ̧ͷһɫһ䣬ΪǰԶ˵Ųˣвٲ֫
˸ϹȥֳǲҲ̶ãʮˣ޴ĿӶ鲼
սĵصˣ쿴Զĳص˵
ǣ֪ʲôʮˣȻȫˣҶ֪ЩܽΪĸ֣һֹ
˵治׾쿴˿Ҷ棬˵
ţǼǰɡ¸ΣգҶ˵ͷһ뼱ٱߡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 362
һ·ǰУܿ˶ʮͻȻɫʼ䰵ˡ
Ҷ濴Χʼɫʱ쿴Ҳɫ
ΧԭտĻϣһɫϵΧܿ죬ΧռͲ˺ɫʹնҶͷһһȻʲôвĶûгĺȻ߲ơ
磬ˡҪսһˣҶ챳վһ𣬿Χռĺ
һЦ˵ʱ۾ͲؾҲ˵һ֣Һսٻغϣ
Ҷʱһ죬Цã˵ĺãҵƢͶһؾǵˣҲ˵һ֣
Σյʱ򣬷ʲôˣһ֮ĵĿΧĺ
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һͳдӺܳǿ£ģЩܵʲôǣûȫҶΧ㲻ǰǺвʲô˵Ķһ
ҶʱȻ˱ĺ飬Ǹоͷѹܿ죬ЩʼϵķڣԽԽ죬ԽԽŨͬɫī֭һڿзھ裬ཹཡ
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ؼһŭ𣬶ʱɫ۳Σ¶ͷ­̶һԹһͬͨʿһɢźûüĿֻɫĹ⣬͸©˵Ϣ
ռ飡쿴ЩεĶʱ
ʲôǿռ飿Ҷʵ
ռֻڷտռĶΪʿ֮ԴӷյĿռܳȥͶ̥ö֮γɾ޴Թŭ飬Խ࣬Խ࣬Խ࣬ԽأʵԽ뿪һֻĻ˵гǧǼѣһ߽ͣһ߾Ŀǽ۵ԽԽ飬Щӵеķ֮ǰ࣬ܵΧĲ䣬ȡ֮֮ߣʮѲȾһնĿռ䣬ȥۼ顣
ôǹɽʿ˵ĹӦָľǿռˣҶ˵ͷЩ飬ô˵ˣҲͳǵһˣ
ȷʵȷʵҪˣҲȥҲữ飡Цһɨͷµľǲ֪Ķղǲ֪Щȥʿʲô֪ˣȻѲֲĿռ飬ͷѹȴһɨ⡣
磬мʤʣҶ濴ԽԽĿռ顣
֪ҲоųɣҲһɶûУ
ãǾ͵оųʤʰɣҶ˵ͷһ䳯ǰһߵЩռ飡
ţ˵ͷ˿ʼŶĿռǰ
һЩԭһֱΧǵĿռƺŭˣܿͳΧһҲϵķڡ
ˣҶֵܣûһЩķͻȻʵ
Ҷ룬Ӧǰɣ˵ͷ
ͺãҲһ˫ЩռҪķҪȻסǵţһٶǰʦŵʦȥһɽҩǲһյĿռѷУʮռ飬ʦõ๥ķŽЩɵһֱţȻһֵܵסûеĻǸ鷳
ţҶ˵ͷȻһʱʮֻʹ˳Χ˴ܶ
һʱ棺ף⻹ǵһοءӿ򵥣Ҷֵܺúã˵дá
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ãҲһ֣ʱһһ׵ľӾͳǰҲʼΧϵת
˸շųʱ𡱵һУһֻռȻܹȫڣɱʮնⱬ衣ٶ죬գ۾ʹܵҶǰҶؽȻһȻ׾ͿٵĴܳŶԷȻȥȴնһӣзɳͬʱһбͱܹ磬Ҷ׺ҶؽȻһӣءһؽն˲ײһ𣬱һ𻨺硣
Ҷʱһû뵽֮ȻЩסʱһֻռȴҲܹҶ治ֻڲֶԸģҲѾһռ齻֣Ͼ˼ˡ
ûжʱ򣬡ˡļΧߵĸ˲ȥ֮һ鹥ʱԭǿ˲䱻򴩣һֻһĿӡʮֻȥʱҧ䡣
ԡһԭҶؽཻն˲䡣ҶҲԿճԸһֻܹġ
ܿ죬սͱ쳣һֻһֻĿռ鲻ϵĳʮǿÿһʵͨؾ磬вصģһӿҶûĹʽҲʼݣҶʱѹؽϵĻӳһ˲ӿΧ壬ÿսҪķѾ޴иҶֵѹҶͬʱսĸͱţǿռҶĸƺʮּɵÿκ͸ʱһηηҲԷΪżӹһҶ͵ͬʱԸĸ
ȻҶѾ޵еľ磬ؾͬʱսصĸ֣ӿĿռ黹ͬһû棬ǿ޲ϣԶռơ
ǱߣΪİҲͬʱսгϵķ衣ӳһз籩ʱȥ˭ҲŲס
ҶһУ룬ֻϰ취ˣǲ֪ܲܵסЩѲĿռ顣
ݡһҶ׳ƣʱһǿ˲˳ǾɫĹâȻһ죬ŵ˲ܳ޴ӿռһˮԪӣŵ˲佫ҶΧΧһʱѾӿҶǰĿռܵ壬׷׺ˡ
磬Ҷؽɻ˲һֻռ飬˵
һʱһϲһʱɱÿռ߰˸Ѿƣˣáһɨ˳ֻռ飬˲ҶľⱣռ
ռ˲ΧƿƵĿռΧסһֻֻռĽǿ󣬽ΧռµʵʵκҪӦ;޴ıһʱ䣬ռ⣬ŵͬٵĴܶ鲻ϵĳͬǿĳԴϷı䣬˲͵˰Ȼĳ̶ȣ泯濴Ӱӣȫ˾޴
ķҶڿЪһЪˣղŵսս޴ϵģʹҶֱ̬ܲˣοʡ
˱űϢϵĴ
Ҷֵܣʲôǿ쿴žͷųǿŵȻסʮռĹΧļҹ춼ˡ
ڽ׻ϻĺöоƣͷžŵԷǿҲ̫ⶫֿܵãҴҶһһ˵
ҶֵܵˣöʵǿԽüս꣬һοĸˣ̾
ҶһЦ
ЪһӣĴ˿ûͣٵļ쿴飬ɫصʵҶֵܣô죬ܲһֱͷڹ治ȥɣ
Ҷ濴棬һʱҲЩͷֻۣһʱ֮ƣǧҲ˵ѾϾɵģŲ˶ٴˡ
ǧҶôţͻȻһ
˵űԺٻǧ˺üǧСӽʲôУлһʲô˵飿
ҶٺһЦ˵ǰҿ鷳ˣ
ʲô鷳
ҵȣһѿռ飬ڱȥˣǰͨ󣬷ޱߣƷֺãֻæˣҶֺõ˵
Сÿζ²ңûµʱӲĺܣǧ˵Ҷ֪ǧͯô˵ĵ׿ɸء
˵㵽ˣǧʵ
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Сӵӹ֪ȿʮ֮أʮλͬʱİ벽أǧص˵
Ŷǰ֪귢ʲô飿Ҷʵ֪Ϊʲôʮλ벽
꣬Ǿ͵˵Ѫпħˣ֪˵Ѫпħǧ˵
ѪпħѧʶǳôȵǰǰҽɣҶû˵û
ǧ㽫Ѫпħķ¼Ҷ潲˽Ҷֱզࡣû뵽ѪпħɱʵǿҲվ۷˰ɣ
ǵģʱѪпħʮֲ񣬶ΪѾﵽ˱Ƶ񶼲òĳ̶ȣ룬һ벽Ƶʵжǿ󣬵Խսˣһսһز࣡ҪѣʵͨȰ벽ҪǿٱѪпħѾﵽ˿ֲǧ˵žͻǰľ£Ҷĳȡ
ڣλʮλ벽񣬽Ѫпħĸ벽ΧУһʱ䣬зӿǿ߶뵽ʦʱһǾأûʸȥֻܴΧħά֣ûȥ˲֪浽׷ʲôȷǣʮ߸벽һ񣡡ǧɫص˵
ʲô䣿Ҷһ棬ʱϵıܾʡ
ǵģˣ֪ѪпħʲôȻһҲˣѪпħҲˣⳡĺƽپԲصĴ۶ȹȥˡǧ˵꣬̾˿ƺȻС
ʼʮ߸벽һȴֻ˵ʮ߸벽ѵǴԼȥźҶĵ˼ţʱƺһЩ飬ʼҺпǰЩܵڻңԼֱӽȥźʲô취ֱԽΧ𣿶ˣʼҳפǶ˽ʲôݾǿ϶Ҳ
ôһ룬ҶʱоԼˣˡ
ǰǾǽȥʮλ벽źŽȥģû뵽ʲô취ǳȥҶϽ£ΪѾһˡҷɣе㶥ס
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ҲУڱռΧţҶȥˣ
ģ㻹ܱССĿռסǧЦһЩռѣֻҪ㹻ǿȫɱ
ǣҵ겻аҶЩ
ûϵа취ǧ


ʮһ ۷֮· 363°벽ź
겻УҵġڣԪ壡
벽Ԫ͵ͨʿֻ꣬ǿģͨرԪ壬ЩССܵҪ군ǧʮ˵
ãҶһа취ʱһϲ
ɾһҵԪͽԺˣǧ˵꣬㶯ͨΪ˽һ˿ϵ
ҶԼ壬ܿ죬оԿʼƺеһѻһ
ףҶֵܣôˣ쿴ҶҫһһĽɫâʱĵʵҶȴ𻰣ֻǱ۾ǱĿһΧռı仯Ҳ˵ʲôΪҶʩչʲô߼Ĺ
ҶȻ˫ۣͫҫŽɫĹâȫһ͸壬һɹǿѹҶɢ
ҶֵܣҶֵܣǡҶɢǿʱˡ
߰ɣߣҶ浭˵
ߣ쿴ҶȽ֣ʵ
߰ɣҶ棬Ӧ˵ǧ˵һ䣬ȻһӣȻＤսľ˲ʱɫĹâһŵ˲仯ɫĹâܽУϵĹ⻪һȻɻǧС
۾ǧĶʱˡ
߰ɣ˵ǧȷǰͬʱһٶֻռӿĳǧ˹һɫϢϵͣХһ˹
쿴ⳡʱˣԶռ䵽źɫһֻֻռӿ˹ʱоСѹ
£ǧȻ˵ţȻ΢΢һתȻһӣ
䡱һһ͸Ȼϴܳ޴ٿӿǧΪģȻɢǺХһ
͸ϢѸڶ飬ʱһĻˣ쿴͸Ϣ˹ȥʱЩԭǿĿռ鴥߽⣬ɳһ˲߽⡣
ֻڶ̶̵һ˲䣬ǧɢ͸Ϣ˵ǰʮռ黯ɢ
⡫𾪵ĿǰġҶ桱еѾԱղֻ򵥵һУͽΧԶ仨ˮǿѾԶԶһͨʿ˰벽񼶱ֵʵ
߰ǧͷѾŴ˸죬΢΢һ̡
Ŷã챻ôһʲŷӦæǧĽŲ
ǧ죬һ·ߣΧĿռ׷ײԶĸţǧѵ˼֮һ׷ɢΧĺҲʧԶֱÿտ
һ·϶Ҷ⵽ô£ǰŵġҶ桱ȴԹԵĳǰߡ
һ֮󣬡Ҷ桱ͻȻ˵һ䡰ˡҿŲסˣ͵
ţ컹Ϊأһʱס
Ƭ֮ҶеĽɫâɢȥ
û£û˵Ҷתͷ˵˿ΧȷʵѾûпռˣʱһˣ
ҶҶֵܣղš׳ŵӣҶʵ
粻ˣҸղʩչһⷨʮʩչ֮ҵоͲҿˣ˸ղð뺣Ҷ汧ȭ˵
ԭʱһΪղҶ汻ʲôء
ҶֵܹȻʩչ֮ⷨ˲佫ռˣ̾
ǺǣҶ˰֡ʲôط
һʱŷ֣ѾվһƬںɫϣתͷʱ򣬻һƬããر˺ںɫƺѾʲôҪĵطˣ
ţҿҲǣӦȵˣҶ濴ԶһƬںɫأϲʱɫͬѪҺһҺţһϢ
ʲôǿʮֽΧ̽һСߡ
ţͻȻϾɣҶֵܣ㿴ʲô
Ҷ泯ָĵطȥֻԶĺںɫϣðһʵĹâͬʵĲʵһںںɫϿʮҫۣԶԶĻܸоһ鶯ϢȻʲôҩǾ󣬻߶֮ĳĶ
ߣǹȥҶ˵Ҳ﷢Ȼͬһ㣬Ҷһ߹ȥ
ԽԽʱ򣬸оһԽԣֱֱĳȥʮĶ
ԽҶԽоΣգ춼ļǵɲݳֵʱޣʧ룬εⱦͬСɣпܰŸħ˸ҪС֡
ϢĿڣԶԶĿҫĵطȴһΪƾڿҫģʲôûС
ڵµģһ㶡
˾߹ȥߵǶʮ֮ңʱҶͻȻоһεѹǱʲôһ
𶯣Ҷ̳˵
ʲô̶ס壬Ȼ澯Ĵȴûʲô
Ҷû˵˾վţûж
ͻȻµȻͬһڳɫ˲һУһĳɢĵطӿ޴ɳһ
ܣҶһʹ㳯дܶûдܶȻһǿ˲佫˵档
ͬʱҲͬ⣬ͱ޴ס䵽ϣ̶ɳһϯҶһ
Ҷʱ󾪣û뵽ⶫôаţؽһͨҿ޴׵粻ϵһǿﳯ䣬ڳɫضʱըҷɣҶüγɹȻѲǿ˲ͱٴ˽ȥ
û˲䱻ڳɫûˡ
ˣҶʣͷ­ʱһƬհףû뵽ȻĽһӢҪһģȴް취Ĳ죬ֻܿЦˡ
ҲһЦȻѾˣܿ졣
磬Һ㣡Ҷ泯󺰣嶼Яţֻ¶һͷڵ
ԼҪģô˵㺦ңˣܺСһҲֵˣЦԺӢ۱ɫ
ãֺܺһҲˣҶЦ

һʱޱȣܿ챻ⱩǵģΧռ˲ãҶ챻һӾ˳ɫ

ȵٴʱȴһֵĿռﵽʰ쵵Ĺâһ޴ʹ档
Ҷ滹ΪԼˣ˿ߵ죬ѵ˾͵طˣ
ֽţ֪Լһʹ죬û
æԱߵѣ磬磡
λƵѹҶ棬ʱѣҶֵܣǡףģ
֪Կ϶ûҶ泯˵
ûһµΧʱǸռ䣬ôᵽ
֪Ҳ⡣Ҷüë˵
ʲôͻȻһ㶣ָԶĵطǶһŷĶ
Ҷղһֻûע⣬һָŷˡ
ȥҶʱǽǰЩ⣬ѵⶫģ
߹ȥ˲ŷ֣һ߸źʬ壬ʬϻһɵĶɫĺͻɵĶ£ʬŮֲʬ建ڿУһϷ
쿴ʬ壬ʱмҶֵܣ⣬⼫пܾǰ벽Ĳк
벽кҶһʱһû뵽ôž˰벽ź
пܣΪʬϵʮֳԣ˵ǰʵǿ󣬶Ҵʬ徭˽ϳʱı棬ܳҲֻа벽ĲкܹЩ׼
š̤Ьٴȫѹ򣡡Ҷ濴߸ź˪ʬ壬ʱоϲ
ǰԭΪˣû뵽ȴ벽ĲкоϲһɨղŵȻү͸ǣǲ˷ѣȿν⿪⣬Ȼһ
ã
Χʬ忴һ󣬶ʱЩ֣Ϊʬϵģһĺʵһ־ѣ־ͺĺ˶ΪǺˡ
磬ô죿־û֪ôҶ濴źһ㾧һʱЩͷۿźöòĽ֪
𼱡־壬Ҽǵָʬϵľ壬һרʬľ壬Աʬպ;಻𣬵벻ʲô°ͣ˵
ҶҲ׼ѯһǧͻȻоһ糯ǹιûĳ鶯ؽ΢΢һתоһ⡣ʱȴûзʲô쳣ȻΧʬԱо
ҶʱһܳĶ϶Ѱʱڱһ鷳ˡ
ûи˵ΪĶܽûй˵Ǵһ͵ϮҶҲ㽫ƾͼƣһֲ
ֱűĶԽԽڵӿһ׵˲ؽϡ
ڣҶĵһؽ˲ӶԼٶһתűһǿ׵˲ܳһɨȥ
ʱһղһоʬϵľ壬ûעȴû뵽˲Ѿˡ
Ҷһǿ׵֮˲סˣΪ˱ĶȻһƯڿеĶȫɫӣɫһҰףһɹϢܳҶԼٳһ׵磬ꡱ졣
ৡһ˲һͳ嵽Ҷĸǰʱɫһ䣺ﾹȻ飡ҲҶ˵еĳ˲ϹⱩǣһڵɫ棬˲䳯ſռȥ˲䣬߰˵ǿ˲˹ȥǿ籩
һ룬ҲסˣΪ߰˵ǿ˲˹ȥȴǿռһӣȫ˻ȻһݡȫҲһܶ
˿ڿˮ֪ʲôˮƽȻܽҶĹ׵棬ʵ˲ɱǣɫʱúѿ
ҶʱǰǿռҲûйֻƽĿǡ
鷳ˣҿռǾ벽ʬˣ쿴ŶԷˮۻ¶ɫЩ԰׵˵
ҶʿˮһʱɫҲˣΪ˵Ļģռǿ϶ͬһ㡣
Ҫ군ˣҶЦһ
˭˵Ҫ군ˣǿռͻȻ˵
Ҷ˶ʱһ㶡
һռ˵˶һۣо˶Է𾪡
Сӣ⼸ǧһˣǿռһ֣еͷӵһߣͷ˲ҵʰ쵵Ŀռϣ˲䱻ɡ⻹ҷǽģ


ʮһ ۷֮· 364
Ҷһʱٴס
ҶȻԼڻûʱ򣬸оʲôˣ϶һɵġ
ܷ潫ʵֲˡ
֪ǰʲô飿ҶϽϹϾĶԿռ
һһЦСӺܻ飡ҪǲµûǾǳҵʬİɣ
ôһ˵ҶһۣǰµûǾܵʼ˵ĹĶѰǧǰսʮ߾߰벽кġ
Ȼ˵ͷȻ̾˵뵱Ϊߵʱϲ̽ѰĹˣû뵽ˣԼʬȴ˺Ķ󣬵̾
ǰȻԪڣξͶдˣĶȻٶǰһ·ϾҲҶһ鲢ײкݶ飬ʱϿҵ˵
ٺ٣ʲôǽΪǰæǰңˣһֵǮıδɣռ鿴ˣЦһ˵
Ҷֶһۣ֪⵽ʲô£Ұ벽кģȻ˰벽Ԫ񣬶һҪǰæ
ðɣǰ˵ɣܰˣһƴǣҶȻϾڵСڶԷء
ʵҲ򵥣Ƿҳȥռ鿴Ҷ˵Դǧǰһս֮ұȽˣΧأԪᣬ֮Ԫ룬ԭȥȥû뵽ǳս֮µĿռʮǿ󣬽ҵԪҲѣԼҲ˽Ȼ̫澧ţȴŻȥڵȵǣֻҪҴĿռͿˣ
ҪôأҶʵ
ܼ򵥣һǿֻͨҪ£ƻγɵһ֮Դˣָŵ˵ֻԪ˲ҽӽǰƻ֮ԴռҲͻᱻƻҵԪܳȥҵҲܳȥ
Ҷ˼һûд𻰣鲻ôԸȥ
ң룬֮Դ϶ʲôΣ֮ǰѾˣΣյĶҲֻܰǰˣ¶ǰҲҶ֪϶ǲȥû˵Σ֮
룬Ȼ˵ðɣʵ֮ԴҲûʲôΣգֻ᲻ϵͷųһɢֻҪܿͿԡ
ҶһۣЦһ£ɢɹΣյġ
ðɣԸΪǰЧͣҶ汧ȭ˵
ã³֮Բǣ麬Ц˵ͷ
֮㳯һȥѡһĵشȻһһǿ˲ܳȥǿϳͬӰһܽ˵棬ܿǵϳһԲεĺڶһ̲ī֭һڣɢںɫĹâһɫĹâһϵĽ
һӣɫ׷Բʱڵ˵ͷ˵ˡ
Ҷһվڶڣ룬ȻҶҧҧ˽ȥҲŽȥˡ
Ҷ֮ͬ͸оһռתƣоԼܿҪˣȴһ˲ûп۾ʱһ籩ΧϵĴԶĿռ䶼һɫĿռ䣬ֲ嶫£ֻܿ޾ĻɵǱһڿռﲻϵķҶʱоԼƺվĩһ
ܿ죬һŹâϵĻζȻŹâٵر仯Ҷ澪ʱγһˡ졣
Ҷһ顣
ʲôط쵽֮ɫе԰ףʵ
ҶҡҡͷҲֻ֪ܸоγɵǿԪĳʮǰ벽鲻ܽġҪȥƻ֮Դ
ⶫģ
֪Ҳôҵ
ҶֵܣҿǿԳǸߣΪռ籩ƺǴġ쿴˿ΧȻָһ˵
Ҷһ˵ͷΪռ޴ǴǸ򴵹ģ˵ʲô֮ԴĻҲӦǸ
ȷ֮󣬾ͳǷȥȴоӭǰʮǿ󣬾˵Ϊףǿ籩ǸоһѡҶܿΧγһ֣Ҫǿķ籩ܿ죬ͷָûãΪ籩̺һֱӴĶ˵ǰ˵ǵӭǰסûбİ취ֻܸɿˡ
ʵ籩Ӱ켫ҪǿռԪܴûɢΪҶ˵ģѪһҪûѪ̵ǿܶ࣬ʵҲ˺ͻ˵ľ޴
Ҷǿҵķ籩ǰǰϵܵһǿҶֻҧ֣ǰˣҶϵлԣΪɻҲһЩеĻ˱ҪһЩȫѹţҶųǰߡ
һҶ룬˵磬ҿԽ֮ԴԽǿ㻹ãһ˽ȥˣɷ˵ͽʱˣҪס׷ȥȴָ̧壬ֻֿǿҵķ籩
Ҷһ˶ž޴ķ֮Դķǰܿ죬ͿһƬɫĹ򣬿ռеǿ֮ԴǴⰵɫﱬģ˼¾֮Դˡ
ɫʮǿһ籩ٵҴܣҶҧһĽӽ֮Դ
͡ͻȻҶǰԶһǿ˲̶֣ĳռʱһ˺ѣڿҴܣһǿʱ֣Ҷ岻ĳǰܹȥҶһʱ󾪣Ϊǰ˺ѵĿռ侹Ȼǿռѷ죬һȥԶռٲ֮
һ˲䣬ҶȻȫĵתһǿ˲˳Ȼ˲һ࣬籬һ˲Լ峯ȥ̶һ˳һ˲䣬ռѷ˲ʧҶҲΣա
Ҷͷ亹û뵽طȻɿռѷ죬ȻΣڿʼʱûж˵ЩҶаŭ
ռѷҲΪɫԲϱʵ̫󣬲ÿռ䶼ҡ
Ȼž޴籩ʱſռѷ죬Ҷûѡ񣬱ǰȫǰɫһŲȥŲ˾밵ɫֻʮ֮ңʱҶоͷһֻϴ籩ˣɻ̧ͷһΧһ㰵ɫʣΧ籩ˡ
⵹Ҷ澪Զ籩ʮǿʱ򷴵ˣǵһξ顣
Ҷǰ˼оͷ籩ѹСˣվŰɫȥ߽ˣֻһƻСĹâȴԶĥ̴Ϊ档
ҶΧⶫһԼΪƻⶫģһӣһǿ˲ӵɣȻһӿꡱһû˹ڲûгһ˿Ǵ˺һ
Ҷʱ۾һɣаһһǿ˲֣Űɫ˹ȥռ𵴣ȻҶ۾ŵʱٴϢ˽ȥ

Ҷһ˺ܶУն޼û˿Чͷ󺹣ȴ̵Ĺû˿취
ѣֻٴǧٿƴǵˡ
ǧһʱһСӣСߴˣ
ʲôҶһҲˡ
֪ʲô𣿡ǧأѹ˷ܡ
ʲô֮ԴҶǧĻⶫ϶˲ã̽Ե˵
ͷǸСҴģǧʱŭˣҶԴ£Ǵ˵еİ飡
飿Ҷһ㶣ûʲôã
÷Ϊ֣һ֣Ȼ״̬£᲻ϵһγһȦ籩Ӱܴ󡣡ǧ˵ţҶ˵ͷΪ˽״ࡣ
ڶ֣ڵ״̬£Զ˵ľϵͳҹԼĴҲ˵γһҿԺ㵤ϻֱð߶˲һ¶ԷĵǶǿĽҲ࣬γɵΪ̣о޴ըγȵĸºʹһȰɣҿܿΪǴѪпħĴսʱ޴γɣС˰ǧǰսγɵĺöˣ˹ʺˣҪϷûҲСӼˡʵû뵽ǧ˵ű㿪ʼ˵Ҷǵڶ֮ѾǧĴˡ
ڶҶ濴ƻСİɫΪʿӵеڶ˳ԣĵĺ˵ĵеѭʿҪϵĳõеϵͨεתڲÿһξζⵤõʵı仯ʮּѵģҲʿѶȺܴԭ
ڣⰵɫԼǰ͵ڸֱһǿĵκѾӵгԣһܺĵһʵ˲䷭ǰ޶ɱһصģھͿ϶صĶˡ
ʵĺôˡ
ǰĲҪ˵ˣνսڡҶ淴Ӧ֮󣬸æੲݵǧֱ⡣
ǧĻϣﲻˬ㲻˵ܼ򵥣ϵȡѭȥǰɫͳˣȻ㲻Ը˵ҷҾˣʣµԼɣ
Ҷһʱ˵ûһǧûֶѻ˵ڣǧһ¾ȥˡ
ҶЩƵҡҡͷ
뵽ǧĻҶ濪ʼĳ
ǧ˵ĻʼתȫǰֱӻȥǽۻһһԼĵдܳȻ˫۲ϵζһһӿ˫֣ȻٳŰȥ
͡һֱӹ飬һû˿ľֱӴ˽ȥ̶һԴҶܳϸһϵӿһһϵҶȴû˿͵ļ
Ҷ治ϵĹ䣬ܿͽڰٷ֮ʮ˽룬ȴû˿ı仯ҶʱЩżˣһֱǰû˿ı仯Ǻã
ԺǧԺȴûκ˻ӦȻǧˣСƢˡ
ûǧҶֻԼ֣ܿ죬ʱһһĹȥڵҲٵţȻĹâû˿ı仯
ҶϽϸҲ


ʮһ ۷֮· 365µڶ
ЩŲסʱͻȻȻһȻԭΧĳɫâܿͱˮһֱȥ
ͬʱҶڵȵҪģһɹʼ˫ϻǿٳҶ˫֣Ȼľӿ
ҶдϲоһٵĻľʱоһϲҿʼǱĵĽ
ܿ죬ҶоԼǸɿݵܵ˸ȪֿܿʼһһҶղʧȥһҶǿ
ҶҪǿĶ̶̵࣬һʱѾˣϵȻڿٵٵƽҶȫľжһɱ͵ĸо
ܿ죬ҶȫϿʼɢһɹĹâ˶̫ͬһΧĿռһɹĲת
Ҷ۾ܿռгֵһִδоͺԡɵĺУźвϵܵǿһɹůĸоȫ
ͻȻҶоĳƺӿˣһڿٵı仯ţҲܵĳʼ仯оԼȫȻ۾ʱǰɫİ鿪ʼҫ۵ͬС̫һ޴ܡ
Ҷܿ͸ܵ仯ǰʱѾʼһһСȻ޴ͬʱҲŰı仯ռҲ˱仯
ݡһһǿʼٵĴӰϱ˲仯һ޴İɫҶķ򻺻ƯŰı仯ռ䶼ʼ˾޴𶯣˱ļ
޴İɫܿʹܵҶĸǰȻҫŰɫâĹţȻ˳Ҷ˫۴ܶ˽ȥʱҶоԼ˫۾ͺ˻һۣһɹĸоٵ˫δܽľҲо˸ˮһʹ
Ҷ˲ɫ԰ףϵĳ鶯壬ʹʱ쳤Х
Ȼʹ༫󣬵ǼţΪ֪ǰڽ壬һ룬ʵʵķԾһʹ඼ֵõġ
һǿٵƽҶ˫ۺܿͽ壬ȵ¶Ҳ
ҶʱоԼؿֱﴦʼЩʹָоܿʧˣֻоԼﴦĶһȵԴǵڶˡ
Ҷ΢΢ĿӣоڶﴦһȵܳȵϵܣȫľͨˣвϵѭС죬Ҷ沢ûпƣڶγɵСԶеģҶ˵һϲԶС͵Ҷڸʲô״̬ʱӣʵ᲻ס
Ҷȫı仯ͬһһͬʱѭҶ涼оÿһԼ嶼ڽ
Ҷ滺վȻȻתȫʩչһǿ׵ϸĸڵı仯һ˲䣬оڵͬʱתһǿдܳԭһͺܾ޴ͬʱҵڶԭĵҪǿһ𣬡͡죬һ˲䣬ռоʹܳһǿĵ˵ǿڿռתһ˲Ͳռ䣬Ҷ涼ˣ㵥־һǿȫһܱȵģԭǿԽذ£֮ڽˡ
ô޴ĽҶмѣס˷ܵ쳤Х
ճХһ룬ʹĴ󺰣Ҷֵܣﲻ֪ôˣҪˣǿܰɣ
Ҷһ֮ʧȥ֧ţ϶Ҫ̮ģŪ̮֮󻹻γɿռѷ죬Ͻһܵĸǰãߣ
쿴˿ԭâתĵطѾտҲˣҶôġ
˻ȥʱѾû籩ٶȺܿ죬˲͵ԭλãѾһī֭һɫĳڣҶû˿ԥ˲˽ȥ
ͽʱͬĸо֮Ҷٴγʹ֮Уһ̧ȥȴΧʲôûУʬ嶼ʧˡ
ɻţͻȻоʹʼҵĲƺҲҪʼˣҶʱһŭΪƭǣڴʱռȴһǿǲɫı壡
Ҷ˲˶һۣĻһͳ˲ɫıУǰųϣǲɫĿռͱˡ
˸оһתоͺǱʮȦһصʱ򶼲ڵء
Ӧ̧ͷһԶվһλȫ۵ˣһɫâ
ȫϢ䣬ͬһ̲ӰһҶţǴ˹ǿǸͿҲо˵Ĵڡ
Ҷоž޴һȽϤ϶ɣȻ˰ʱȲԼ壬¸ˡ
Ҷʹ˸ɫȻҲǰ벽񼶱Ŀռ飬ĵֶһǿİ벽ˣ
߹ȥǰ벽񼶱ĸֹ񣬡μǰϲȱٴθ
ã˿鲻Цȫϵð˰Ҹ˵ǣδ˺ôļñһ
ҶһʱдϲæллǰЯ
ǰ벽񼶸ִһӣʱǰֱֳؼһɫһɫơ
Ҷ쿴ϴѹֲסϲãϾ벽񼶱ĸָСĶ϶ȥ


ؼһǡ徭׶ù幦Դߵٶȣ߲㣬߲ʱѾӽ벽ˡⲿǼƷеļƷˡڶСħ䡷ʮѣܷ㣬ÿһ㶼мĺôԱսҲѾﵽ˰벽ļ𣡡벽񼶵ĸֶҶͣҶ涼۾һɣ֮Ƕܴﵽ벽ˮƽˡ
ڴĿʣµ
һй壬ʩչԻֵ꣬˲ʧǣǶڶƣܣһǿǸΧռ˲ͣڶǿʩչ̣öԷһ˲ʧȥ˵ǺöԼôѡˡ벽񼶸ֿŶ۾ֱ˵Ҷ죬ϴһ˿΢Ц
Ҷ˻࿴һۣҶЦ磬ѡ
ЦſҶ棬Ҷֵܣһ·Ӧѡѣƴˣ
㣬ĥĥģϷϲˣҶ棬ȥңңأ˷ʱ䣡ǰ벽ֿҶ˻ǫã
ǣҶ˵ͷȻ磬Ҿ͵ʲˣ
룡ˬ
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붼û룬ֱȥʣµЦǺǵ뻳С
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˿˵ǰң粻С֮ˣ˸Ǻ󱲵ôӦõġ˺úԺɾͰ벽Ҳֻʱˡ
ţлǰҶæָлʿ磬󱲶ǰһҪϹϾӦеʿһ˿ĻأΪܶʿ꣬ʵǿ󣬾Ϊܵ˵𾴣ƢҲ൱Ź֣һܣпСЬֱɱ֮κһ˵൱ΣյġҶԴ˵ȫ
ҲˣЦŶ˵Ժ󣬹˶ãֺܿͻᴫˣԺʲô鷳Աҵš
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ãٰһѣֱȥըģ뵱꣬ʱ򣬿ܳȥû뵽ֻһǴըĵطԶʣµʮ߰벽кǿֱӽȥˣЦ
ǰ˶ЩΪҶм˵
ȱŸˣǵطʲôõط˵ǽȥǾҲˣʱɱԹң̰ĲȥʲôֻܹԼ̫̰ˣһЦ
ǣ̻壡Ҷͬʱ
ţ˵ͷȻȻһӣҶʱоһתԼһ˲䲻ܿƣռһǿǵΧתҶһǾȻƺĴ
Ҷʱ治ѡ
ܿ죬˸оȫһᣬȻһתǻָʱһԾ޴ĿΧȫǺɫأɢһıɫĹâʮֹ졣
ǵըģ翴ΧһƬߣȻЩ̾˵ҵҲˣ֪ûԵ֣ʱڵǣ
Ҷ춼û˵
ˣףǺˣҪˣ翴˿ΧƺǲģҶ˵һ£ҪСˣҸղųʱżȻоһʮΣյϢϢʮΣգʮǿҲη֣ҿҲˣȻ֪ʲôȴоϤƺһҼµĿֲ벻ʲôҲù£ô꣬Ҳŷ֣ԼĿĲҪģʲôնħʲôġǣѾ˰벽ϷС棡
Ҷô˵ʱΪܸо˵ʱϵأʲôѾһˡ
ˡúɣҪȥˣҲ֪ǧûгȥʲôӣ̾˵һ䣬Ȼһһڷ磬˲ʧˡ
ȵʧ֮ҶһѹͷʯͷʧһȻ翴˻Ͼʵ̫ǿҪɱǣ練ƣһǵзѵĸָţʵһּѹ
ô죿쿴Χ߰ǧĴӣźɫغ;޴ĹʯͷһЩ֪Դıɫâǹһ
طôʮ߰벽кڡˡҶ濴ΧҲЩơ
쿴˿ΧȻ˵ҶֵܲżҼǵʬ嶼ܷʹâģİ벽кҲ϶ͬСɣֻҪϸң϶ҵ
ţҲǣߵʱ˵Ļǿɲܲ˵ʲôֲĶӽ϶ԭġһҲкʱҲСġҶ˵ͷ˵
ţҲͬ⡣


ʮһ ۷֮· 366
Ҷվ֮Уܣúܼ֡
ҶֵܣҶôˡ˵кӰûҿȥǰ취쿴Ҷ˵
Ҷ滷ܣããڳɫأҲоһ鷳
벽к϶ʲôͬѰ֮ûҵֻ˵һ㣬ڵĵطǵĺսȥԶ
ţҶֵ˵ĵû˵ǰ·ܳģ棬ĴըصҲ֪˵ͷ
ңǵҸطϢһ£ҲúоһǵıҶ浭ȻһЦ뷨ıϡ
˺ܿһʯ֮£ȻΧһεСԼϢȻо
Ҷϸ˿ƣһƴСĺӣʯľʣҶһ˿ȥȻоһһɺɫϢð˳Ҷһϸܵʱףԭˡ϶ĨȥϵʶǵΪհס
֮Ҷ׾ͽڲʱоһʮֱϢۻϢȻССڲǬ˵ƿ̿ռʩչ̵ЧҶʱȻˣϾֶҪ
Ҷ滺ĹȻ˲һףʱ˲仯һڹȥҶ֧£ݡһһɹֵĻɵ˲䱬ȻΧ׵Ŀռ䣬һԵʱɫһ䣬󾪵Ҷֵܣⶫʮã뽺ˮһ
Ҷ浭ЦһȻȻһ䣬Χռ˲ָЦǺǵĿҶ棺Ҷֵ۹ȻⶫʮðҶۺˣ
˵ЦˣǹҲһ걻ƣǰϵˡҶЦ
ǰ벽ǿǶı̾
ǵģ֪ûлߵһ
϶У粻˵ˣǵĹɵʱҲǳɾͰ벽ʱ򣡡ʱġ
ţ⻰ûҶ˵ͷȻʼħ䡷
һ־֪ʲô伮ܹħ䡷飬䱾ͺлأɱζЩҲһֱ׹ħҶȻúǺܽϾԽа飬ԽԽ߻ħļҲԽ󣬺ܶħ֮ôϲ·ģΪһ׷Ϊ߽ݾħʵȻȥˣȴ䣬Ǽ룬ʮֱңⱾħ䡷飬ò⣬ȿ˵
д˵Ҳˬ죬һʼû˵֮˵˴ĺһһϸо˴һϵвõĵط
Ҷһü˵ʵƼ飬ǿĺ¾ֱˡϾĻʵڲ٣ʲôʩչᵼ¾λᵼƢ꣬ᵼ¼½ᵼʧħ֮࣬ᵼһЩܵȱݡҶһƣĵħȻ̬һ˸ģɶǴų򣬵͸ЦȴЦϾ˵ԼҲҪʮЦٲҲòȥ


ˡħ䡷Ļ֮ʼ棬ⲿħ䡷ʮӵڶ¿ʼһһµĽʼղ裬ԼԭرעһЩԵĵطлкܶྲͼʾ⣬עγѭĺѭʾͼ
ҶĿţһʱüһʱչһʱȣһʱͣ˼ƺС
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Ȼһ˿ħʹһаħһ˵ͨʿѹܴлͷöֵսľϢҲһ¡
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ⶫʵ̫ˣҶһ뵽бԸ֮أΪһǣɡ
ħĶȻ£ֲô׼ҵԸԷΪҲҪϰħˣҶи̾š
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֪ħпԼҩҶͲˣֻҪʱչѰҩħûк֮ˡ
֮Ҷˡħ䡷˿죬ʱ컹ġ徭档
ҶҲҶתͷһ˲䣬ͻȻһͷ֪ʲôʱѾߡ
Ҷʱ󾪣ȻһʹܵһߣȻؽȻһǿ˲ʹ˳Ǻˣ
ҶȣҲȻ۾ԶȻһͷ˺ܾõӣһʱӶɳˡͷʲôʱȫûиоɼʵѾΪֲʱˣ϶Ҳ򵥡æҶ沢УĿͷ
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Ҷͷ˵ЩһʱҲ֪ôش𣬿ͷƺûʲô⣬еؽ΢΢͵˵ǲ֪ǰкιɣ
ͷ˿Ҷ棬Ȼ˵ҳԵģ
Ҷһ㶣һۣоЩ֣˵ʿǲԷģ˵ˣǵˮƽ˶ڳԷԷνˡܶʱԷΪ볢һζѡͷȻϢĴܵǸǰȻΪѾԽǣȴ˵ʲôҳԵģ˷ѽ⡣
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ҶҲһЦ˵ǰҲ˵ԵȻҲļƷƣҸ˵췱Ǻö²Ʒ˶ꣿ
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㣡ͷһ۾ֱˣޣ㵱˵ðҶֻûȹ㾹ȻУããͣ˵žԼһڡ
Ҷƣ˵ͣôʲôûءҪ֪ͷ˵;ǲɱǣǵѪܵһء
ʱΪͷأҲ⣬ҶЦǰϲͺãʵ̳㣬Ҳ᲻úȵģȻǰϲǾͺȸһݣ
ãϲܺȾƵˣͲˣͷһߺȾƣһЦҾϲȾƣȺþƣͷұǧˣǧûȾƣʵǲˣһܺȵĺþƣֵֵ
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ǰ˵ǣʲôˣþƺ֮ͽҪѧܣԱ㣬ܣҶҲѧͷӣץţԣʱ˺ܿˣڵϣźȾƣץųţ⣬ʱ˵ŻƶӣһЦ֪ĻΪү֮ͽأյ൱ҡƵģʱ򿴵Ҷʶȫˣû뵽Ҷ浱ܽʴۣܽͷʵҲţʱҲȥһ߳һߺһߴЦ
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˺һӣθҲãܿͳԹˣԱ֮ͷһЦˣҳԹˣҲøɵˣˣǾͺúɡ
֪ǰҪȥʲôطҶʵ
ͲظˣԺԵĻģͷһЦȻҶ˵˵СӺǰ;Һܿ㣡Ժʲôþٴţһȣ
ҶһҲһЦ˵ãǰֱˬ֮ˣҲʮ־ģԺʲôþƣһţǰһݣ
ãͷһЦĴָһ̡
ৡһͷһͲˡ
Ҷʱ۾һɣûٶôģ绹죬һ˲ʧʱԷȥ
⣬ͷҲ̫ŹˣʵǿԸȴ⡣㶵Ŀͷʧĵطо档
ͷʵа벽񼶱𣡶ڰ벽ҲʮģҶص˵
Ҳ̾˿û뵽ǽȣȻΰ벽񼶱ĸ֣ҿ϶ʲôıʣͷǸ϶Ժʵ仯Ͼְ벽ĸÿһǻȻ󲨵ģƻвټλ벽ԼŵĿ䳤ϡ
ţ϶ҿλʡ͵ĵƣ϶ô״ӦġǲԺôҲĻԵλ벽ǶʶԺ񷣬ҲˡҶ˵ŹһЦҲҶ˵е


ʮһ ۷֮· 367ʼ
Ϣһӣø涼Ѿﵽ۷ˣ㳷˴󣬿ʼѰ
ǧֱĴһҽɫĸձĸţ治ԶһȺʿǸղŲôӱܿĿĵĳһܶ
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壬ΣʼҿǶʼǧˡʱ䣬ѾĿ棬òĲкЩ϶ǣлкü嶼а벽ģһʼһʲЩص˵
ǰǶĵȷʵˣ׻˵ԽջԽʼҪΪǰʮǰĴ壬ͱһܳԽһ벽ֵıкһõĻᣬҲʼļƻһ岻ʼΪƼ壬ȴʱڸܵӣѾ۷ˣǽּʱ򣬾ͷҪԼｫʼǼ˼ڽ£֪ʼҵʵǿô򵥣
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ǣʼҸַ׷ױȭӦȻܿгͣһ̲ڹΧ̶ʼϵĲƺڿ
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ţҶֵܹȻһܣȻû֮ǰԤϵĳ档Դһ·ϼʶҶ֮ڶҶҲеͶص˼˾Ҷ˵Ļ©ٳҲȥֱͬҶĻ
Ҷ濴ʼ͵͵Щ飬ʱҲڴϾֻǣ϶Ҳкģ磬ҲߵѾȫˡ
ҶҲĸˣҵкǾͿԳû֣ȻӲӲɣһͿԣµĶһˡ
Ҷţһ߾ĿŶʼ˵ж
ܿ죬Ҷ濴ʼڿ˴һɫγһŵ״һǿĹâϵתҲһȵĸо
ܿ죬ǳ˺ڹĵطʼðɫ彻һԶ׶˺ɫĴУҶ춼ʲôҶֻܸӦһɢԪԴȷʼ˻ûнȥ
һӣҶɫȻһ䣬磬߽ȥˣҲŽȥɣ
Ҷ˺ܿ쳯Ǳɫŵĵطȥǽȥ֮󣬾͸оһľ裬˲˱ѩ֮һ˸æ˻ǿֿס籩Ϯ
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ţ˵ͷȻһԾ˽ȥ
֮Ҷ˲͸оһȷ糯ϴ˹ͬʱ˶һںڵϵĿǰҴӷλϿӦڿ£ҲԽԽһ
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˵֮󣬵һۿľ۵ĻĻʯռﵽȵһɻ籩ڿٵӿƺطǻһҶ춼ʮ־棬һʱ䣬˾ͿȫԼ塣
ʲôط쿴ΧһƬľͻ棬Űʵ
Ҷ濴Χ˵ҲµûĻжǴδըģΪըʵ̫ǿˣȻкܶɢ˿ռУһСҲʮֲֿڵ²ϵľۼײγЩŰ档
Ҷô˵ʱģǵöȻǿģ
ǰҶ֪ʲôʱļ𣡡Ҷ濴Χռﾪ˵̾
Ӧ֮󣬱㳯һռ䲢󣬶ΧȻкĻӦ룬˾ǰ籩дУԽĸоǿ
ڿռпǰУܿشʱмҶ춼ˡ
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Ҷ쿴壬ŵģȫɫϢҶûио˵ϢȻһʬ壬ʬ嶼ɢ˾˵ʬ廹˭
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ţ˵ͷȻҶһ𣬳һȽεĵطȥ
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ʲ˵ʮǫҲĺ˳ֻҪԴ²̫˽ˣ϶Ҳġ
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ʲʾ⣬Ҳ֪طʲôǲɫĸЦһһˣһЩε˵ǰ˵Цˣʼ֪ػʼ˵ְôԼкأ˾ʼĵҲǰ⻰˵ˡ
ͷʲһЦ˵һףȴһףʵᣬҲˣ֪ɱңɱĻְɣͷ˵ּͷĲк˿ûнʼ˷
ʲʼô˵ʱһȥϵαƣ˲¶׹⣬Ȼʼߵʾ£ٵĽͷΧۿսһ


ʮһ ۷֮· 368°벽кĽ
Ҷ濴ʼѾͷΧʱоˣʼΪͷʼʶû뵽ʲ˵˼仰֮˫Ѿʼˡ
ҿʼԼ쿴ⳡ棬ҶС˵
ҶҲ˵ͷȷʵǵĸܣҪۼͷͨǲͷֲʵģʼҲûܸܵͷʵ˲ŸҺͷ֣֪ͷʵѾﵽ˰벽еĶˮƽŵȶˡ
ͷʼ˽ԼΧȴû˿ƺȫûʼ˷ʼһʱŭȻһӣǼʼҸ˲䷢˹һɫĹâͷͷ̶ٵƽٵһͷͷγһǿ֣һ֩һֻɫĴ˲γɣͳͷͷѹ
ڴ֮ǰͷ˿ûжֵļ󣬵ڳɫ˲䣬ͷͻȻһ˲ͳצ״ץȥͬʱֶ˳ɫģͬħצһϴܳ˻ûзӦһ˲䣬ͽɫ򱬣ͬʱǿٵĽһҽУЩԭΧͷʼҸ˲䵹أѪҺǵĿ񱼣ܵʲôٻһһܵͷϣȻٵıڣЩʼҸɲǼͳ˸ɿݵľˣһϴžֵı顣
ͷĶû˿仯ɱЩ֮󣬵ֳأȻ󾲾Ŀ֮ϵк
ʼߺʲʱסˣǱסһֵĿߣһϵıȿѿͷʵȻﵽ˿ֵĵزҪ֪ЩֿȫʼҵľӢÿһʵͨϣͷȻһɱǣȫû˿Ĵ򶷣һֻ־ͽ⣬´࣬ʵѾﵽ֪۷ˡ
Ҷ쿴һĻʱҲȵĲӵղͷĳ־ڵʯ֮䣬һ˲սɾѹ
ҶѾ֪ͷʵˣǰ벽񼶸е۷ʵϾûпʵģղſͷ֣ǻ𼶵ʵǿĸǴûǰĸ֣һнһֵҲףһ˲һȺʿ֮Ȼиߵ֣֮޽޵󣬳֮Ĳ֮𣬲пܣҶ棬ҪɱһȺ޴ˣҲһһɱʩչȺҲ׵һоɱͷǵʩչ˲ɱһȦͨظ֣벽Ҳôɴ䣬Ƕʱ۷ˡ
ʱʼѾʶԼһΪ޴飬һλʵĪĴ֡
ʲһʱѾɵˣЩеתͷ˿壬еĿ־屩©ɡ
ʼ߱ϾḻûоţɱⰻȻŶͷһںɫĸֲ˲֣һɫϢ˲䱩ǡ
ݡһ߳ͷ˲ȥһ㣬ٶޱȣգۼͳͷĸǰͬʱںɫֲ˲䱬ɫĻ棬ޱȹ죬ڿоȻ˲ͷųһɫĹͷޱȡ
Ǹֲ˲䱬ʮֲֿҶԶǸܵʱоߵʵӦѾͨ۷壬һ̤벽ļˡʼҹȻǴ塣
ʵҶ첻֪ʼκľһΪıһΪߵõԵ벽ļһɹʼҾ˰벽ĳԱӵа벽ɽҪõĶࡣ
˲֣ͷһֲ棬
ͷƺûκηӦڸֲǿĹͷѾϣĳɫѾʱҲȻûг֡
Ҷ۾ͷͷû˿ĶƺǸɰӡ
˶۾һĻʼߵĻ˲佫ͷΧס֮ͬʱĸֲ泯ͷž˹ȥʱͻȻһεֱ˳Ϊ޴ʼ⧲˲䱻䣬һҽУѪ
ͬʱΧͷϵһǿɫҲ˲ʧͷʼʲôûеĿк
һĻĳ˶֣ʲŵѪɫ
ʼ߻شӵ¶˾ֵɫΪѾ֪ͷ˭ˡ
㣡㡭ʼ߿ͷ뵽õ鱨¶ȵĿ־壬ΪƺδһƬɫĳɱ¾ĻʱˣղžȻ˶ˣֱѻʯ
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˵ԼһһٴȥѾкˣֻԼܻܲȥʲʱѾɵˣߺһ֮ȻûзӦԽĿʼߣ屻ͷһΣһȥ飬ҽȫѪҺԼ壬ʼ˲Ѿһѿݹǡ
ȫˣδǿˡ
ҶҲʿˮֱǱ̬ĸְ벽ĹȻһʿܶԿ˵á
ͷɱʼ֮ӹһܣֻƮƮ̤һѾصԭĵطȻƻ˵СޣҪͱߣ
ʲ֪ͷǸ˵ģæ˵ͷ
šͷ˵ͷȻк
ʱһһĹȥͷһһڰекҲ֪ʲôãҶҲҳֻͷҪʲô
˽ʱͷͻȻекЦ˵ʲôѾٴθˣ˭ѪпħѪпħôܷ֮һѪпħŶ𣿻Ȱҷǵɱӣ¾ŵ˭ǻЩԳ˵ӵΪɱǶħȰұɱˣɱ˾ˣŲʲôҵֵܾǶˣȫ˶ѽͷ֮ޣʲô߸ϵѾԼħԺҲֻܽˣٷʲôãǹǧ꣬컹ְۣҷŻˣһΣҲҪɱˣһҪħųҪ׷٣ǲǺԺԼƹ磬һҪɱǵԺѾܳΪһˣҪһ׵׵ĴˣһضĴˣ
ͷ״˵ţȫʼðƵĵɫ磬ڿвϣһǿХһ˹ԭѾȶͷʩչ£ʱ;ҵĻεһ籩ٵϯΧҶ챧ŵʯҪȻҪˣʲҲòſڵϣͷһʱرɫ
Ҷһ󾪺ͷĻʱܵһأû뵽ŹֵͷǧǰֵȷѪѪпħʵţҶһֱΪǿħˣȻȾ죬Цͷͷ˵Ҳš
ʱҶ벻ͷȻ˱̬˲ͺ׵ͷռ䶼ù
Ѫпħ建ƮһɹǿŰӿһļХ
ѪпħϵƯȫըһӿռ䶼˱ıԵ
ҶѾźòסԼ壬ȴĲкϿʼðһɫĹââʼʱǴһ˿˿ĽɫâɫĹâԽԽԽԽֱһɫ̫ʮҫۣռ䶼ҫһƬɫ
Ҷ澪Ŀⳡ棬Ϊоһһǿѹϵѹ̩ɽѹһѹͷ𺳲ϵôࡣ
𣡡Ҷͫг˽ɫĹâðѹкѾ۷Ҷô룬Ҳ롣
ѪпħҲɫˣܿͳһźɫĻᣬ⻭ī֭һĴɫκһ˿ɫһɹɺɫϢҲŻ᲻ϵ硣
ѽѪпħʱĲкǷǳʹܵѹ޴ɽһɹǿųĸϣϵĵӣ̵ʱ֮ڣͬɽһһȫɫѪҺһѭֿһδθǹǿ
ĺɫһǿĺɫܿĴһڿռצǱɫâкȥܿڽɫĹâϸһڹ⡣
ϵĺڹкǿ⿪ʼڿкչսڹҪս⣬򲻶ϵųڹİ޴Ѫпħ
״̬һֻŶԿܿͳ˽һʱҶ춼Ѫû뵽˫ĳǿֻǶ籩ſڵϣڶе㶥סˡ
Ҷֵܣȥǰ취ҿȲ˫ľҪռŰ˺Ƭˡʱ˵
Ҷ濴ΧռŰҲЩ鷳ҧҧ˵ãֻܽƷųһˡһųͻᱻѪпħ֣֪᲻鷳
쿴˿ǱߣȻ˵ҿæţӦòǡǻһԺ죬ûвĴڣӦò¶֡
ҶԭǲĵĵģͷѪпħ֮ЩԥϾ˵ѪпħɱѪǾ˵ģҲѪпħһײϺοǣΣѾûѡˣԥһӣʱһɫĹâ˲̶ܳɫ⻪䣬һ֮󣬾ŵ˲ܳҶΧγһȦǿĵɫ֣ȻŵҳϵʿһҶֵӿš
ҶڳһŰƵֵֻҪ⣬ֵܵסĳˡ
˵ôֲԤУ˵ΪȻһӾְ벽񼶵ĶԿУһһ֮ǡ쿴Ҷ棬ϴһ˿ǳ
Ҷ濴죬Ц壬ʲôµģҵãܲԺǵˮƽҲͺͰ벽һˣܱȺһͨһصðɣҪҪϵļոðգ㿴ڲǶջ޴𣿡
һҲе˵ͷͻȻɫһ䣬㿴
ҶæתͷѪпħк֮ĶԿʱѾֵһĻһɫ͸ĹԴǱɫâкϷɳȻĻȥ
ͬʱһǿٵĴܳռĶҡټӾ磬ǽɫ͸ԴϣҫԼԼһεĶʱѪпħƺҲѾһٽ㣬ϵڿбҵĺ
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ۡһͬʱ³һѪ


ʮһ ۷֮· 369ջ
һǿıը˲ɨȻǿĳ˲ͽռݻ٣ҶҲײѪǵѪùˡ
ãһǿųˮһȥҶ˼ѵĴӵ
ͻȻһЦĴЦ̺Ϊǿ󣬴͸ˣҶĶ䶼Щܲˡ
ҶɫЩ԰׵ĳĿȥֻѪпħվм䣬ī֭һڵĻһĺɫһӱȫѾãȻղž޴ըҲ
ʱͷѾҶʶͷ𼫴ȫһɫͺɫ壬˫ͫɫĹâʮ־ˣһǿӿ

ѪпħͷϵЦǺɫƺһӵЦʱͷųˡ
ʱԭһֻڿռϵĺɫкʼһм̶мϵļӴһмϵĵڡ䡱һкͬɳһɢһ̲
Ѫпħͷһȥžһ̤ںɫĻҳϣǿ񣬲ڻǱҲڽ£ҪΪؼĳͲģħǴħһлµĴħԶǿĲϢĴħֻħףһٻ٣һߵݻ٣ҾħҾħһжҪҲڽ£񣡹
ѪпħĴЦһɫĹâһڿռﱬ䣬Ҷʱеһʮܵĸоµûţͷѹһʯͷһ
ৡһҶоһι̧ͷһֻͷѾٴվǸǰ˫ͫųɫĹâ
ǰǰҶ汻ţǱһѹɽ˵ЩͣҪ֪վĿǵȷѪѪпħ
ѪпħͷҶ죬һ˵н飬Ҳɱǣ߰ɣ
ллǰҶϽ˹֣Ȼܿ쳯ķܶ¾Զˡ
һ˲֮ѾͷˣϾѪпħʵʵ̫ǿˣ궼Щܲ˵ĸо
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ڣԳȥˣˣѪпħˣǲɣ˵Ѫпħ͹ЦЩΪ˾Ϳңٴβɣ
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ʱҶŸմܳ˶ɫ԰أϲŭ޳ͷֱһɱǡ
˸ոմܳͻȻоһǿѹ˲䱬˾ֵ̧ͷȻһ˲ʧӸоǿѹ϶Ѫпħɡ
ȵȣҶ濴Ѫпħһʧһһ
ͻȻҶô˵סӣɻĿҶ档
ôˣҶֵܣ㲻ˣתҶͷյ龰
ߣǻȥҶͻȻ˵һô㲻Ѫпħɱǣ
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ϾǻȥʲôɵõĶϾյܹȥ̫˷ˡҶ˵Ļʱ۾ĵɴˡ
㣬㲻Ƿ˰ɣһȥ
Ҷ濴˿棬Ȼ˺˵׻˵ģСġҲʲô£ѪпħѾˣڻȥûΣգ粻ȥԼˡ
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˺ܿһǺȥߵ׼ȥȴһӰ˲˳Ҷһ˶һŷ֣ʲѾûǰ緢ʮίңһֻ̿־ӣʲҶ죬ŵˡ
Ҷ濴˿ûͣӣٵĳ˽ȥҲŴ˽ȥ
ʼѾܵشԺûѪпħҲ磬ҲúܳʱָܻԪ
Ҷ֮һĸоǿռʱѾоԭôǿˣ˵ѾһƬǽ壬ռҲб
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ܿ죬˾͵ԭкĵطʱʣһƺɫķĩСɽһķĩϵı籩Ʈ
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쿴˿ɫķĩҪҪװ
Ҷ˼һ£һңܲҵһЩõĶ
š˵ͷȻ˾ͿʼһѷĩϸѰҡ
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Ҷֵܣ㿴ʲôǱߵͻȻϲĴ󺰵
ҶһʹܵǰһںɫķĩУһʮҫ۵ɫСӣֻСĴָôҫ΢΢⣬Ȼƽʱۣںڵķĩȴ׷֡
Ҷ潫СϸĲ鿴ӳͷųǿ⣬ƺûˣСĵղϾûи֮ǰⶫǲӵġ
治ϵѰҵɫСӣдСܲ򣬰ʱѰңܼҵ˴Լʮöϸĵղ
ҶóǬɢصĺɫҳһսȥ
ЩɫĲкȻܶ࣬Ǭܴװһװˡ
˴뿪ʱ۽ǹâһɻĿȥһ׺ԵĽ䣬ҪϸУпܾͺˣһҫĶ
߹ȥ߽ˣſһʵĹӣƺĳֲɫʯģԷ΢΢ʹâ֮ҶҲ߹
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֪ҸոշֵģǸʺӡ
ҶⶫϸۿϿŷĻƣӵĲʮأͼڲϵĻתһ΢ϵľ͵ֱϣģִЩҶԼҪⶫ˰춼򲻿ӶЩصĵֿãȥ֮ںΧתһȦַ˿䡣
ԣ˸ֲͬԪÿζûʲôЧ
ҿǴ򲻿ģⶫȻϵĶǱضĳЩƵģǵʵǷţԺʵǿˣһЩˣҲܴ򿪡Ҷ濴ʵĺ˵
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Ҷ뷨۷ΪҵЯĵҩͷ֮ĶЩ㱻ƻһ룬ʣһС룬ҲãֵҶðաڿЩûУֻҵʮֵӺһѺɫĻңһôҲ򲻿Ĳɫӡ
ϸĿ˿õĶˣһЩըĻʯЩʯ̺ŷḻĻԪЩͷϾҪĻԪȷһжû©ʱ˲żٴܳ
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ȿȣľֵ˵һ仰󣬻гģСģǾǵ̫СˣԺ˰벽񼶱ĸˣһҪЯһСܰҡӣֺõ˵
һˣЦģҪǷˣ϶ֵǣһֵܣʲôˣôֵء
ٺ٣Ҿ֪ô˵Ĵ磬ңЦ˵
˿ĵ˵ţҶԴӻ֮Ҳûô˵ǻصԼķʼоЩջʵڲСƺ͡ħ䡷֮⣬ɫʮöһѺɫкĩһʵСӡ
Щ⣬ĶҪúõоо
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ʮһ ۷֮· 370¸
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ҶٺһЦȻ˵ǰЩҴкŪĶȻŪˣȴ֪ЩʲôЧ˲ͷǰҿ
ֲãҾ˵ЩÿһϴˣԪܴ죬ԭкǧСӿ԰кȻıҵˣ˵ҵʱһѻң
ҶҡҡͷȻǧǰ˵һ飬˵ͷȻʧǧ꣬Ϊ˵ѪпħǧʱĬˣǱ⾪˵Ϣˡ
ǰǰҶŽŽǧй
ǧصĸ̾鷳ˣЩûоǸʱѧѪпħǸʱµ񷶼ȷѪꡣ
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һΪֻһ˽ǧص˵ȷʵŲʵ֮ҲһЩϹϹңããдҲһЩڰЩڰѪпħΪŪһƬǽ壬ѪпħˣǲŽû䣬Щ걾̧ͷ֮ƣ֪Ѫпħˣǿ϶ٴγ׷Ϊ񷣡ʱ򣬲ѪпħһˣһڰңԶŵļħͷҲ϶ܳкܶ˶ǰ벽񼶱ĸ֣
ҶһʱҲ鷳ˣƺõĽγɣȻʼҵɱ
̾˿Ȼ˵һȷѪĴ󶯵ˣӦǿԼʵԻǰҿⶫЩõġ
ǧĬһᣬ˵ʯͷĺһҲ˵ֻо۷߰벽񼶱˲ܴ򿪡һණܴͨǴ򲻿Ҳ֪ʲôúñţԺʵٴá
Ҷһʱô׬ˡһǸĶð۷ȥû
ʣµɫĻҳ˵кģĽƶϣӦѪпħþдԪ֮ûԪ֧ţкŻɫĻҳЩɫҳӦǴ˵еҡ
ңҶһⶫȻ֣ǿ϶Ѱˡ
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Ŀ٣Ҷһ;Щˣﵽȼսһ㶼ùǰˡ
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ǣ棬ԺϷƸ꣬ǧͻȻЦ˵
Ҷ΢΢һ죬ʵⶫôã
ǧ˵֣һֱĨһַϴˮá
Ŷлǰָ㣡
ţûʲôСҲ飬û˸ԼͽЩŪģһ˿϶ˡõʮɫӣ֪ʲô𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷ
ⶫǧص˵
Ҷ治֪ⶫʲôôȻһĶǰָ
㲻֪˰ɣⶫǾѵĲϣǶװϣװϳһ⣬ֹâֻУɢһණҸǿһѹǿСЩǰ벽񼶱񼶱ԺŻϾһµĶԺˡ
ҶһⶫʱдϲһһҪһʦǶЩ
С׬ˡúЩƽһʱܻдһҪ㣬һʱ䲻ҪܶñȵΪﵽһµĸ߶ȵʱٳԺضңĺʱˣǧ֣ص˵
Ҷ˵ͷţǰ˵֪ˣұչ֮ǰһЩҪ֮Ҿȥչء
ţðɣЪȥˡԺȷѪ꣬ɶ೤۾ǧ˵
Ҷ潫ЩȻ㿪ʼ򡶴ħ䡷
ڿʯм죬ȵʱ˲ųԭ·߻ȥʱĸ·ԭĵص㣬ʱѾۼһʿǰ˽֮һвٶŴССˣȻΣղС
һӣһʼҷεʿɽ֪ʼҵıѾˣˣ˲ŷ׷״ͨɳȥط̫جΣЩ˼ȿֺߣܿ߹ˣҶûҼŷɳȥ
ȥ֮ȻʼҵıֻҶ涼ûпʲӰֻһЩʼҵλȽϵ͵ӵά
صʼ֮ʼұһλʵȽϸߵߣ˵һͨοĻ˼˵û뵽Ƚ䣬ֵ˸λ˲أʼҲʹϧԭµĽ͸ңʹ˵һ֮ͨ󣬾תȥˣ²ٺȺ鼤ܣܶ˶ʼҵķʽΪǴǺһȥģ˵ˣʼҾ͸ôһ˵õ㶫ǣﲻˬ
˵ʱûбֳصԼ֮󣬴˵ʼҵĻ˵ʼҿǽȥģ˲ٺʼҵʼⳡ¼˷۱Խ˥ȻǺ󻰡
Ҷ˳֮󣬾ҽеĸΪβҶЩ궾ҩһʱ˼öҩ罥Ļָ
Ҷִ˼죬쿪ʼʱҶǸˣʵҲҪμģΪб飬ȥҲֻܺҶһһʱͬʿ๲ѣ꣬ڷֱʱһҶᣬҶ浹ܺţ˵ԺԵ˵ûвɢϯȵȻοˣ˿Ҷ˺ˬҲһЦһһ֮ͨŷֱ
Ҷ뿪֮󣬻ǮѪпħϢȻ֪ȻǮ඼֪ˣǱȻһĸ־Ͷ֪ˣȻĿǰʲôûһƽҶ֪ƺܶſܶʼĴ֤飬һ֤ȷд£ﲻ죬ضΪյĹˡ
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Ҷһ·ȵķǰУܿͷԾҲһ·ƽԭ᫵ɽ޴¡ɽĹǱһǿһʱɽܳʾв߻Сš
ҶΪûȣֻ֪ŵķһƬããԭʼɭϿͣפһʱȥﻹЩò׼ʱÿ·սһȳͱըһ𣬴ĻʮңҶһʹڵϣоһĴܶٳŴ򶷵صȥ
ȵ˵ط֮ҶһֻǴԼʮ˵Ķ飬һȺסȥ·Ĳֺľ˵ʬ壬սЩ˿ܻȫû˶һʮֻʮˣǸŮͯ˵ʿ˶٣ֻ߰˸ʿΪеͨһضû
裬ҡһСӴȣʱԶһֻѾȴ˲һֻɢǴһӣ˲ġ
ֻǳСгɫĹâǣɭɭɺͷдſˮྪˡ
һ˲Ծ𣬳С˹ȥС޸ֻ֮ҪһڱضΪԼҪ֣ζʱͻȻоǰһһâ˲һͬʱûʲôѾоԼһͷ­ܿƵĴӲϻһûз
ءһǾ޴˲仯ڵڵϣȳѪҺҲȪһܳȾ졣
СԭѾ۾ŵɫƣٴ۾ʱȴԼǰվһλ壬ֶһдܳѾʬ壬ʱ˵
ȵĻں棬λٶȾˣȺȺһͨ˲䣬һѪҺĽʱ촦һսľ˲ı䣬̶벻˴룬ʣһȻɭܶ
Ҷ濴ЩҪܣǹһ˿Ц⣬˲һ绯˳ڿлһ޵ʱը
ҶϵʱЩ˻ûзӦһ㶵ĿŸղŻԼսޣȴȵʬ塣
ãһʿŷӦæܹһм˵лǰлǰҪǰ֣Ǿ군ˣ
Ҷ濴Ѫʿ˰֣޷޷ȲŲʿĴͳ
ǰ壬ҴųԱлľ֮ʿ˵žҪ¹򣬱Ҷһѷûʲô뵱һΪǳʱǿҲǰ˳ȣܾǣҲҼ̳дͳˣ
ллʿһĸлܿҲΧ˹׷׸лҶĳ֡
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ʿҶ˵ŵˣѹ˱˵İȫһߵǵǵ·ߣ뵽˴ޣȫûǰ֣Щ˶Ҫʬˡ
ҶһЩȥǵģʱһϲ˾ȶˣ˵˵ұ·ģȥǣȴҲ·ÿգ֣ǼȻҪȥǣ˳ָ·
ʿһҶҪȥǣʱһϲ˵ȻǰҪȥǣǲһ·ͬУǺϤҲܸǰ˵һ˵һķ顣
Ҷһ֪ȺǺѱأҲںȻϲΪ±ƣȺһûк֮ǣӦ
ҶӦˣһʱȸԾϾһǿĸֱһ·Ҳˡ
Ҷ汻һЩȫóõ;ҶʢȴԵȡһ㣬ʱЩΧһѿͱЩȥͬ飬ҶǰֱҲᷢһж˵⡣
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ҶڳеҶʱѾȫ֮Уȫɫ΢⣬һͬ͡˿ըһϷҶһһ֮䣬һ΢΢Ľɢ
ȻҶ˫ۣͫ΢΢ĳɫâҶ浥ǰһȦȻֻƺһ𣬰ڳһָһɹ΢ĳ˫֮ᣬΪ죬һ֣ʱΧռƺ˱Ϣ
ʱҶħķħ䡷ֻ𲽽׶εħħ䡷Ϊ㣬һʱʩչҶеģ㿪ʼǴڵһ֮ǰżħ壬ҽĶ΢ĸ죬ԱԺʩչħ䡷֮ʱͨ裬żһûħķ׼ģħһвСһͨͨ;תɣʩչҲֱֻͨ赼ָħͨı䣬ֻͨԼĵγɣʩչħʱҲһתвСĲżУҪǶиͨΪ˽һ·ԵϵͷݽиĵǨһ
Ҷܿ췢ԼħķвС츳ԭ˵ħһҪʱ䣬ڽͳɹˣһ˿ȥһ֮ڣʩչħ䡷ĵһˡ
ҶǰҶǰҶȻڽָãǸϵĳɫϢܿʧҶ˫ͫеĳɫâҲɢôˣҶ濴ǽõµʿʿܵǰ¶ϲЦݣҶǰǵˣ
ŶҶ΢΢ݣõָĵطĿȥȻһƬɽ͵ֺʹֵİУһΡĳǳأͬɫľһڵϣܼĳǽ޲ʾһʷƾõĳǡ
ɽ֮ʹﵽڵСƽԭʱΧ˽࣬лвеʿԼ޴ıѱޡ
źܿС·˴½ΧҲҶ濴طε˶Увװġ
Ҷһ·Ϻõʱĵǣ˵ﴦƮƮʦ࣬ΪܵȵӰ죬յĵطҸСϸֺܶ츳˵ĺӣЩӾͱһطʿѡѡеĺӾͿԽϰѡУһľϲҫˣżҲһЩǺĽǰ룬ϵΪȲǱصĺӡ
һʱΪ쿪ˣǸˣÿ춼дʿЩĿĸвͬһЩʿΪһŮӶЩΪѧϰɣЩֻΪ͵֣ұ١ΪÿᣬдʿΪԼӰ죬ҲһλȵʿΪͨʿǱݣÿһʿҪ룬壬СţȵȶɼȵӰӰ˶ɵĳԵʲô̶ȣĵطȻҲҶȤ
Ŵ·ʱ֮󣬾͵ǳſڡ
Ҷ濴ǰ߸޴ĵ񣬷ֱɪžȵȣ߸⣬СкܶҶԼûοһˣ⻹ûǣѾЩҶһˡ
Ӻܿ뵽ƺƵĳУǡ
Ҷڳ˳֮󣬹Ȼֵ߶ģҵҲ֣֡⣬ǵľ¥ܶ࣬дַ鿸̨˳֮Ҷߵ˿֮ûϹԿֵˣЩһᵱؤȴʮ𾴵ˡ⣬Ҳϵֶӣǵÿ
ųһӣҶѾ۽ˣ˵ȫ˶ܳˡ
ŵĿĵ֮õų˵Ҷ飬ųһʿ׷ȰҶסҶѾ¶ע⣬ĿĵؾߣҲûȤ͵ײʿԼͨ˴򽻵ƴһԼȥˡ
뿪֮Ҷһӻ꣬ȻǺȵȸطͫϸ˽һΧͫĶϺҶҲôߣ׻˵ףҶʵףҪĻ鷳ܶ࣬Ҫһϵе̣ӲĻᱻΪܴ³Ҷ沢ûѡֱȥȣǾҪͫ˵ȥǵĽӴ㡣
һ·дһӣܿҵȵĽӴ㣬Ψһפ㣬ȵӣάֽȵһʱ䣬ʿӿȣӣԹ׳顣
Ҷ濴һ̻Ի͵Ĵʿ࣬Ϣﻹ˴˷еʿҪнȥҶҲвϵߡ
ߵſڣͻȻһʿʵλѣǵһ𣿡
Ҷۿˣһһ۵ĸʿƲͬةһеӿ˵ʱֱӶţһĲ⣬˵ͷʲô飿
ٺ٣ûʲôҲǵһεʲô˲Źʣ˸ЦһȻ˵ͷȻҲǵһҾͲˣˣ
˵˺ܿʧˡ
ҶҲ⣬˳˴Уǰµĵطһ룬ԼϸԴϢ¼һȵСӡӣʱˡ
ҶŪһУȻе㷳ĵ֮꣬Ѿ˻ƻʱˡҶߵʱĸо˫۾Ҳ⣬ȴνĿǰʵѾﵽһ¸߶ȣЩʿȫӡ
Ҷ֮󣬲ûϢֱӳǣ㵽ΧһطҲһЩ
˳֮󣬻û߳ãȴ˺תͷһһŮӣŮüۼ;ЩƣȣļѣͬһҶһҶͷһ΢΢һ˿΢Ц
ŮҶ棬û˵ôҶ˵СģĻ졣
Ҷǹһ˿΢Ц˵ͷŮӲ˳ƯĵʵҲҶԼֻ֪ЩСѡôصл޷
ŮƺЩȣû뵽Ҷ˵ͷȻתȥ
Ҷ濴ŮȥЩᣬŮӵĳȻ˷ôã˼ˡ
Ҷ濴ŮӿҪʧͻȻ̲ס
Ůһû뵽ҶסӣҶһͳߣһ˵֪﷼
Ůһ㶣Ȼ΢죬ǹһ˿Цݣô˵޳
Ҷ˵ͷЩŮΪʲôô
Ů΢΢һЦȻ΢΢ͷףתʧֱŮȫʧҶŻعһȥ
ǣû߶ã͸оɱأﲻˬϾôʫĵطȻһٵģ˭ҲɱһȻ󻺻ƽˣһʯͷ
˲ãˣһƲСӵʿһ󺺣һӡ
װźĳҶҶ濴ָ΢΢ƺʩչʲôָȴ⣬УͨأһͨأΪ׵ˣҶǾǿΪֻͨˣžֵġ
ߵҶǰȻװϰҶЦĸ⣬ϥĿ
Ȼû뵽Ҷ澹ȻʼȫǣƲӵʿʱб⣬󺺵˵ͷҲ֪ôƲСӵʿļһɫذףذīɫϢϵܳͬ³оһīɫ紥֡
Ʋӵʿб⣬͡΢΢ɫذܣŲ΢ӹһһϢĴܵҶߣৡһذ˲䳯ҶĲȥ
ꡱһɫذ˲Ҷ壬ذ׵ȫ˽ȥû˿谭
Ʋӵʿʱ۾һΪˣһ룬;òԣΪʱҶȴûκζȻǱĿذ׾ڱһʱɣꡱһذ״ҶĲϰγһ˿ѪûС
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ƲӵӶʱɫ䣬Ϊͷ­ʱǶѴȻûһ˿Ѫһ˾棬ͷȻһͻ˲ԤС
Сģ˴һȻ˲䣬˾ͱվһ𣬾ĿΧ
͡һڴʯϵġҶ桱˲仯һ̲ɫϢʧҲ֤Ʋʿ뷨Ѿֶˡ
ǺǣѺαؽţһˬʵЦ䣬һӰ˲һͳǵĸǰҶ档
˶ʱɫһ䣬촽ˣӸղŵȷ˸֡
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ҶϹһ˿Źֵ΢Цͷ˵ѵɴģҾˣ
ãƲӵʿߵҶǰⶫݸҶ档
Ҷȥȡõⶫʱ򣬸оһ⴫ʿٵĳźȴϹŹ΢Ц
ˣһЦпٵһءһƲӵʿȻըһꡣ
󺺺ӶʱסˣǿһĿҶ棬Ҷ΢ЦȻ˰֣ʲôûС
ȫˣǲ֪ҶʲôʱȻǴƲʿ
һ󺰣Ų·ܡ
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Ҷ֮ٴ·ȾǲԶȴֲٵĹؿΪʣʱ䣬ӣȵΪߣҪ˲񷣬ȵķϣƽǽֹİʿġ
ᳯĺ󿪣Ҷһ·Ϲؿͻ˲ʱ䡣
ʱϷţͻȻָоһųԵûɶãλеʿʹͬʩȻ˵أѵǼٹ
ҶЩƣĵˣ뵽˴Ҫ£ѵʱҲˡЦã
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һ·˰˹֮Ҷ֪һؿˣؿ͵ȣȲûʽŵʱҶҪͺܶʿһСס졣
Ҷ濴ɽˮҲһӣ㱻ȵĽӴʿţλһƬϵסլкܶҶһʿס
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Ҷ浹û뵽н׻ᣬԽ׻ỹǺȤģΪصĶͨը׺ͱݻٵľƾǽ׻ϵġ
áʱ䣬ض룡
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Ҷ̿ʼħ䡷һпվħ䣬Ҳ㽫͵ǽ֮ͱչأ˴ڿʼͲϵħϵΪ
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ܿ죬ȵ֮󣬴ˣŴȥһ·ҹʣ̣Ⱥ貶ˣһһǳӳڴĺϣһ󲨹ԣʮ
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裡һλŮҶһ裬磬һ֪Ʒ
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һߺȲ裬һ߾ĻһЩ飬ͻȻΧһʿ̸ʼҵ飬ȻҹѹͣҶʵǿĶ࣬˽ǵ̸һ
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Ҷ˵ͷⰫʿ˵ĵûʼʧ˴֣嶼ˣǿʼΪߵˣʼһص˶ûУ군ǳʹ顣
ʼ군ˣδغðһݵʿȴĲһǿ֪ʼǧΪʲôפǶȥ
ȻΪˣ˭֪˴
Ǹݵʿ˵ͷ˵ܲȶʱڳһЩֵ֣Ȼ࣬ÿһʵˣһֱʼնɱˣʱʼɱˣĸЭʼԹ˲ϾǺȥ˵ʲôӣʲôӣ׵ģʱǶõù
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ţҿ˵Ķԣпʼ˸ĹأһͷʿҲ˵ͷ
֮ǹ˵˵һĭҷɣҶҲǺ˵ˣ⼸ʿ̸УȴԺܳһȽϹעֱǺһʲô⣬ܳѪпħ⣬Ӧûʲô鷳ҲѪпħûʲôϵ
ѪпħҶʿˣһתڽʿ˵Ϣ䣬ȻΪͣҶȫʩչֻģģ¿ʼԼ첨һѾʼȶˣٴ忪ʼǨƣԼµĲҵһЩҲʼž̸ӴܣзԷ˵ѪпħҪѪϴ
Ҷʱ򣬷ѪпħذϢĻͦġ
Щ֮󣬸ӼᶨҶչǱ޵ľģſܲõĽдʿɽչأܶʿսµֶξǱչһͱʮ꣬ܶڵϹǱȽһǿдս̱չأصһЩȵܻڱȻҲϹˡ
ҶЩĵʱͻȻһĨٻӰӰΣյŮӣŮӵòҶڻǵãΪϹ߷ƣȴΨ֪ԣҶһУӡ̣Ҳû뵽ٴŮӡ
о΢΢źŮ߻һλῡʵӣΪףüĿݣʮͿŮһƺܰҶĵЩʵȥŮӴкŮԱߵӣסˡ
ֵΪʲôŮӣѵǴ˵еԵ֣
Ҷûжһߺ裬һ俴Χɫܿ죬͹˰ʱʱʱڴϵʿʼ׷׳ȥܿһ룬Ҷ϶Ҫʼ׻ˣûŶӣغ裬һ߹۲ŮӺӵĶƺҲȵһѾտյˣ΢ЦŮʱȻ۽һתҶ۾һҶ濴һ䣬ƺһָܿûߵӲһͬȥȥʱŮӻ۽ǵ⿴˿Ҷ棬Ҷǹһ˿Цݣ˾ٲ豭ʾ⡣
ȥ֮ҶŻ뿪ڴϷ̵Ů֪⽻׻һ㣬㳯ȥһ·ϹȻʿǸ£һ̸ЦŹȥҶҲܿ쵽¥
ʱ¥Ѿвһʿڿ¥ʱʺü񣬻ЦĽ̸һֵӡ
Ҷȥ֮󣬿һвõСӣСֻˣС͸뷨רŸһЩҪ׵ʹãֹ˿ʿڴãȻСｻס
Ҷ浽֮ʲôҲʶֻܿһЩдʯϵϢĳĳĳһʲôҩʲôԵģҪĿԵڼСӽסڼŸĵҪʲôʲôʲôʲôȵȣҶ濴Щʵڲô˼һ£ʲôȱҵˮԺԪĶãҲҲںҪ˵ʲôڴĻڴŮӡ
Ҷһתһ΢΢עΧʱһ˫۾תͷȥֻһ΢ֵʿֱ㶵ĿҶüЩˬƺǿҶı飬æļȻ˵ΪҶҶѣ
Ҷʱһ㶣˾Ȼ֪֣˹˵ţǡ
̫ˣҶѰ㲻ʶңʶ㣬첨гģںɱħˣ΢ֵʿôһ˵ҶʱҲףԭǴǮϢ֪ġ
ţʲôˣɱħҲҵȷ֮¡Ҷ˰֣Щˡ
ȴ죬ҽܵҶѣʯʯӵܣϴҲμ˿ܴᣬܳģû뵽ѣҡ
һһᣡҶ˵ͷ
ҿǵһɣʯҶ棬˵ûϵΪ󽻼Ȧ㽻ģﻹһЩѣҶ˸ˣǿ϶Ľʶ£ȥʶʶЩ˸ܶ඼ҲԺõأ
Ҷһ֪ʯ϶һڽʵˣҲܹԼֲܾ飬һȥ˴ߵλʿм䡣
ʯֵܣ㵱ǽύ㷺һλѣ˿ҶһСӸ˵˵
ʣµҲ׷׳ʯڽύѡ
ʯȥ֮һ˵λθҽܵλҶҶѿʮ˵ã
һҶ棬ûʲôϢҲ䣬ֻܿͨصΪһʯô˵һʱȤ˵ʵʲôʮ˵ãʯֵϸ˵˵
ʯʱصһЦ˵Ҷնɱһʱֻŵħ޼
ʲô˶ʱ󾪣ɱ޼ľ
һʿʱˣҾͼǵɱ޼һҶĵѣû뵽ȻҶѣһһᣡ˸ŷ׷׳ޣ߳ޱߺҶϵһҶ죬ϲĿҶʵԺ±ضҶһȵȡ
Ҷʱͷˣ֪ʯе֮ôһȺˣͲӦùֻڷţ˺ܿҶ£ȻҶ˵Ҷܶ¼ǲģҶֻܿЦš
ҶͷʱͻȻȺһĨڴܾõɫŮӣÿĳ֣ṴҶеһ˿
Ҷб仯˱׷Ťͷȥ˳Ҷ۾ͿǷ˴ԼŮӡ
ҶԭӰһͷʿŤͷЦ˵
Ҷһ㶣ʵ飿
ҶҲʶЦ
ҶЦҡҡͷλѽһ


ʮһ ۷֮· 373 ʦ
һΪֺҶ棬׷˵ˡ
ҶһӣףŮȷʵ飬һڵĳӣΪ˳Ưϵʮ־ˣСֻΨһõһ㣬ҲǸһǡǸư͡
Ҷʱ򣬶ʱЩôƯŮӾȻǸưͣȻŮӺһʱһֱôΪǼԭŮӱͷҶЩϧնౡѵ켵
֪ЩϢ֮ҶЩסˣòûгɼңͬ޵£˶ҡͷʾ֪ʵҶôʲ˵ʲôϵֻܼɵߵǸӣĵ£ֻѡԶ롣ҺЩ˶֪Ҷһ˿ο塣
Ҷ⼸˼䣬뿪ˣ뿪֮Ⱥһ󣬾Ϳһվڽ֪ڿʲô
ҶߵԱߣתͷҶ棬ʱ¶һ΢Ц
ãҽҶ棡ҶƵЦ
ãҽ顭ҲôҶ˵ҲҶǲסԼּ֣Ӵ˵һ飬Ҷ˵ͷ
˵֮һʱ䶼ĬҶ治֪˵ʲôϴ΢졣
εʱҶͻȻһ飬ʵ˵кܸߵ裬һҪʦæƣ֪ԸԸæ
Ҷ˵˵ͷԸЧ͡
ҶܸмһЦ˵ҪҵǶһЩ˵ţóԼؽؽûйԪʱԵúͨڵʵأ¹ǹ£һ˿˿΢Ĺⰲ˭õµĸųУһܵˣҶ񴫳У֮ơ
鿴ؽһ˿⣬ΪСˣҼܶķװܸоؽĲףȻڿۣܲһЩϸԵСϱȽϴֲڣȴʮǿһΡɽȻƯȴƳȣ磬СɽȻÿȴСûƣؽһɽȻĲϸ£ȴʮǿоһԵĽȻԵɡ
Сָؽıأһۻؽڲת΢ЩĽۺͽʾСڣЩעϸڣ»ʵؽȻȷѪ߳ġ
Ҷ濴鸧ؽı飬ʱԼҶˣǵģֻˮƽߣȰõ˲ڿʱ¶Եıʱıз⣬ȻܸоؽǿҶؽĵ֮ףؽеĳһϳ֮ˡ
鿴һ󣬲Żع񣬿Ҷ棬΢΢ǸһЦΪԼڳԶǸȻ󿪿˵ӵؽʮֲס
ǺǣܿؽĲ֮˵ûҴˣҶЦţȻչƣҪС취Ƕؽ
鿴ҶƣһֻСĴָСɫӣȻͨͨɵܿĸоӵĲѰӣ۾˿ҶЩڸʲô
Ҷ治֪һЩʮ־˵ʦܲϵһַʽʦ˵˽ǷǳҪģǵоģҪĸܣһЩʮֶصĲϡ
һ۾һƬȣŵĿ˿Ҷ棬ģ˵;⻰ʣиеĹأʦĹؾǲʿ˵Ĳġ
ԲҲʵģʮֶأʵԼԦҪƼһˣӦÿãôҶ˵Ҷ΢΢ȣ˵ͷá
˵ʹҶߣҶһֱֵ˵һ㣬ȻһСżȥҶȥ֮󣬵ȿ龰ʱһ㶣ΪżֻһˣҶǰĺһǿӡ
ʱббһȴ򿪵ĴǰһƣһЩįĿ沨ԵĴһСҶû뵽ҵľȻӣʱɫ
ӣҪҸ磬㽣΢ЦĳҶ˵
Ҷȫһ
Ϊĵ£û뵽ӾȻĸ磬ʱЩ΢졣ֶ˵Ҷ棬㽣ѣ
ӿҶЩ΢Цĵ˵ͷá
Ҷ沢ûΪЩӺܲѰһ˵ԽǲѰԽˡ
鳯ô˵Ӷʱһ㶣ȻҶ棬ȴʲôҶܿףȻؽٴó͵㽣ĸǰ㽣ؽʱһ㶣ȻЩԥŻȥоؽǺضһɹɰɽѹӻı۾ڿһһϸĶԴؽ
ӵ̬ҲҶʱоһ֣ǶҶˡ
㽣һ۾Щص˵ư磬ȱʮֲ֪ѻҪʲô
Ҷ潫ó͵㽣ǰǶȥ
㽣üһȻ޳ָ΢΢۾һ
Ƭ֮Ȼ۾žɻҶ棬ƺʺһ⣬ûпڣȻ󻺻˵ǶûģҲܱ֤ٷ֮ٳɹ
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ã㽣˵ͷȻҶ潫ʣµʮ˳ʱ㽣һֱĵȻʧˣ㶵ĿʮӣΪһţû뵽Ȼʮš
鿴ôӣҲһҶԻˡ
ºҾͺã㽣Ҷ˵Ҷ˵ͷ
㽣¶֮󣬾˵ĿʼоЩӺؽ֪翪ʼˣҶߣ˳֮һĵطʼ衣
Ҷ濴ֿŴľɫо˸
ʲôʵӲ˰ɡ
ţμᡣ
عҲˣϵĻ˰ɡϹ΢Ц
ҶҡҡͷΪһˡŶ˵˵飬һֻš
֮˺ܶ࣬Ҷ֪ԭǹ¶ڵĸֿУΪӣʦ֪ưʵŵģСʱ͸μڵһʱСһ¾ȥ֮󷢸գպ֮㲻˵ˣ֪ţܶ׷ϲЩвһЩƴƴĹӣкܶȵĸ£гӣܾãֲԸӦڸоܷơ
ҶЩ˵ԺʲôӲ԰Щˡ鿴ҶеĹЩĵ˵ͷ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ʵԽԽϲ飬ȴŮ֮ϲǺøУһͣ˺Ů֮䣬˰飬ʵ飬һĽҲԽ֪
˺ֱܶ࣬죬ʱۻĻصۿڵʱ˲ŷֿ
죬ҶϣҲûʲô飬Ÿμģ˺ҶһȲ졣
֮ҶС¥ʿ֪ʽ˿Խȥμˡ
Ҷʰʰʩչ׾̤ٶĳȷȥȻʱûдƣɵ߳濴ȥԶԶĿһ޴ΡɽȣƻƣһУԿһ½ĶˣĿһЩ㣬ʿڷС
ܿ죬ҶͽУ󣬴ʿҲУԶɫǷɳȻȥʮ׳
ȵ˵ȸǰȵʿҶһʿǰȵĴ㳡ϣһƬ޴Ĵʯ㳡㳡ԶĲ򣬻ɺзУӭ˵һ
ҶһһȵŮʿ΢ЦŻӭˣڹ㳡ԵƬ̣ȵи߲֮ٽȥҶԵƬ̣һ⻪ҫܿڹ㳡һɫĹ⻪ŮŮʿвǵһȣһر㶼Ĵ˽ԽԽ࣬סɹ˽һ𣬲ǧˣлһЩֵޣ㳡˲ַǷ
ȵﵽһ˵ʱȾ޴ŲŻ򿪣һͻ꣬һݾ˵Ů˳ô绪Ůһȫ𾪣ҶҲⳡһЩŮжʮˣÿһ඼ʮȴûڵŮݣʤգڳʿһ۾ˡ
ã˲ӦʱҶſʼעĶЩ˵ʵ඼ͨ߰أأȻȵĸ߲㡣վмһλԼʮ鿡ӵĹŮǰ΢ЦĶԹ㳡ϵ˵лǲɽˮҴ˻ӭμᡣ
ŮŶǵڳɫҲ΢Ц
Ϊ֮һܵһЩĵѣ췱ĵѵĹעңٿᣬһΪڵһȶĳɹΪ˴ҳΪɵȵӵĻˣܺͻһȵɲÿŮӻ˵ĺȣȴܶڳ˶΢Ц
֮Ů˵һѻд໹ǽȵʷٿ̣һЩȵעΪдŮӣΪ˷ֹʿΪٿڼ䣬ЩʿҪȵİžסضĵطЩҲûзԣϾȺطͬЩҲӦõġ
Ůӱӭɽȿ̨ߣҶֻףһߣһ·ϣҶ֣ΪʲôɣôΪʿһߣһʱҲʣ֪ȵһشͳ֮һ
һǧ̨ףҶ濴ΧվźָܶŮÿһξͻվһŮÿһξ룬߰˸ŮɵţƮƮֵΨɣһţɢ˺ܶʿΪ̨׶Ľꡣ
˶ʿϵǿȻһ˲һǧ̨֮ڴﵽȵвҶ浽֮󣬶ʱһҲɾ˸еʶΪʵɾ


ʮһ ۷֮· 374Ȯ޵Ŀ
Ҷ̨ףӳһƬľɫ
һʯڼΪвרŴߴٻķ˵ʢİٻһ磬ӹ˿Ψ֣ĿԭеʱʵڵҶ濴Ĳ侳о˵صΨ
һȺҲ׷̾һĸǱסǼȵĸ߲΢ЦȻҲԺ
һʥһϵǰһΰʯƽǰվһŷ˾Ů
˴֮˿װεĽ̻Իͣ߶ž޴ףڽ֮Ů˵ʦĳ֮ʱѡһЩΪ˱ݡ
ڴ棬Ҷ濴ˣĸһɫװм俴а˵Ůɫ˿﹬װλԼӦþΪߵˣмǰӦþȾøʢĵʗӡ
ʗȹʮǰֹ֮λҲٶˣʱһλŽĴˣҶʮϤ츳ˣԴӻͱչһĿޣҲﵽͨ۷壬һܴﵽٽͨʮؾ硣
һУһ붼ӣֻǧ˵˴ʗӼ档
ʗҲܸˣһ˶ǫ͵΢Цȵ˾λʗӱ˵ӭȣǰҪ˵ĻǵĽ˶Ѿ˵ˣֻ򵥵˵˵ҲǿȣȵΪ޸糣ܵΣգ˳ȵӱرİ£ĸλ϶д󲿷ֶҪ뻤˵ᣬһȵȡˣÿᶼвٵˣ䣬ѸλȻز٣飬Ͼͬޣαأ
ʗô˵ʱ̨˶׷׵ͷһЩܲмϾв˲ǰᣬܶʱ˵ĺãʵһһݡϾΪʿĻʵҲǵµһֳƺѣȵŮʿʮ֣һԼǵһսʱΪԼӸܵ£˭ϲӢΪմ
ʗ˵˺ܶ࣬ȻĸҲ˵һ˵ʽʼȵĿգ˿˽κεط
һȣ˶ʱȤ˴֮˱㿪ʼɢҶҲȤȲطʮҴֵȪԼʯͷᳪĿȸЩȫǶȵʿѼģѵһ
ҶĴʱ򣬱ͻȻһڽҶһʱתͷȻڲԶ˷ܵĳ֡
Ҷ磬ҵˣܹ˷ܵ˵Ҵǰ͵Ҳûҵ㡣
ģҲûҵҶ濴ɫϢӯȻΪоһʱıչû˷ѡ
һֱչأǰ㵽ΧҶѾˣΧļңûҵˣڽʱңȴΪ鵢ˣڲΪҶϱ˵ģЩ˵
Ҷ˵ͷ˵ҿϢӯȻΪչЧΣ
˵ͷϲ˵ҾǱչһֻسɹ֮ųġ
ҶһǰһĿǰھϵΪˣʱıչѾͻ˺üأʲô鵤ҩ
һЦ磬֪ˣͿʲôʵһľΪʵʮս⣬ǺǣΪʲôʱô࣬ԭһұչصʱ򣬸˼ҩ˵ʮϧ鵤ұˣڶΪУչڼδϣ˲ôͻơҶҪͻưʵǿڵϢϿѾصʵߡΪȴһֻ㣬Ȼ˵ⲢûʲôãϾɡ
Ҷ˵ͷţҵ飬㵹ùܣšҿɰ
һҶ˵⻰ʱһ˿ȷʵܲɣ֪Ŀǰ֪Ĵ׷ܿʿжʮˣкܶ಻֪ģԤƿʮˣЩвһЩӵܣвΪأʵЩûģܿߡ
ţģܿӳȵĻ֮ҲӦù˼ʿĸܣļʵҲСһȻ˵ٷ֮٣뼸ʲ°ٷ֮ʮҶ濴һǳ
һʱϲüң
ҶΪ׷ܿԶȵĵζϸ˽⣬ģҶ浱򵼣Ҷȥ˺֪ܶĺõطţҪʱͻȻɫһ䡣
Ҷĸо˳ŹȥֻԶˣһ۽۵ĿӣϢȣиַ緶Ĵ󺺣һ׵˫ĿӥһƤڴϣͷ֪ӦǿӵʹӻҶһ۱֪Ϊʲôɫˡ
ҪܿˣҶ浭ʵ
˵ͷȻ˵ҹҵϵӵܣͬʱҲӵҹӡ
ҹӡҶ濴ǿӣ˵ͷΪʵҲԣеĴˡ
Ҷ磬Ҷͷ۵ļһĸͽҹҵϵӵܣνҴҵƴ쵤ˣ쵤Ȼ쵤ȴûʲô˵ΪҺãǰ֣ͦҵģȻǱչ֮ǰҲûܴӮ
㻹Ҷʵ
ǰʱд裬Ҳûʲôìܣ˭ȻҲܿҪͦġһơ
ʱתתž͵Ҷ͹ĸǰҹӿǹһ˿̵΢Ц֣û뵽㣬һһᣡ
԰ɫ˵ͷЦһһᣡ
ҹĸоҶʵףЩɵʵλ˭ֲܽܣ
ŶҴҶ棡˵Ҷ棬΢΢ġǵĸ֣
Ǻǣһһᣡҹ϶ǹİ֣ĽܵҹӣҶ֣
ţãҶ˵ͷϺܵȻ
ҹӺ˶ɫ΢΢һ䣬ȻҲЩ䵭˵˼Ҵҵ뿪ˡ
İɣֻɫܴĹģҶŹţȻ˵
ҶϵĵȻ֪Ҷĵ׿϶ϲˣ˵ͷţ

ҹţΨ֮
һֻϣڲͬʱλ֣ͬÿʱεֶӦڸʱεص㣬ֱͻһζһֳգͬһůģ滺֣ڵҹǵƽ֣ͬһͻʮʡ
ҶϥڷȫɫϢƣʱɫħѾǰǿ˺ܶ࣬ɫϢˮһһһΧҶת
Ҷ滺ıָһɫĹתһħٵĴܶǱĬĸıҶھ졣
ãҶ滺۾һɳɫĹâͫɢҶһƽľ
վⲽߣŴߵǹһ˿ЦݣٶԼЩԾˣȫûֻ˼죬ľˡħ䡷˵ĵһ龰˼Ҫͻˣܴﵽһ㣬˵ʣͬʱǿʹԳܸѹҲ˵ԺʩչǿֻҪ㼴ɡ
û뵽ԼȻħ츳ˡ
ϡħ䡷ǿãʵνһǧľҶţµʿɱ
ΨһĿǰľ⣬Ҷ潫״ȥ»޴ĺ䶯һ˵ΪľʵӦģǧŲģӹΪǴʵҶڵʵ;֮զ࣬ȻҲûʲôã԰ϻܹвˬ
ĿǰҶĸоǰһԭһֱΪҲսʱͻƣȴȻ޹һ㱡Ĥڵغ͵֮䣬ͱ㴰ֽ
Ȼ״Ҳֻܱʾˡ
Ҷ̾˿֪ڸʲô
ǧ֮ңϹҲվڴǰһ£۲©һ˿ˮ
Ҷ棬ڸʲôء

ʱУһǿϵܣռеĿռѷ졣
ʱĺ֮ǰĺѾ˾޴ΣһֻֻڿռҴܣ޴ĿֲҲϵĻصڿռУռҲڼӾ磬ƺռ䶼ڱıԵ
ݡһӰ˲ڿռһУһֻ޴ĺһªߡ
ȴǺȮޡ
һһٵںܡ
֪ж೩𣡡Ȯ޿ٵĴܶܿһռѷ죬ЩĺЦ˵
һ߷һҡҡͷ֪ͷ˼ôһġ
ȮҲںһЦ˵帴ˣ
Ҳûиˣ˵ʵڶ鲻ôðһжȮޱȼӺƸģҪȻһء
㿴źѾ˾޴Ĳȶ²֪ɣʵģֻҪҪֻҪչһ㹻ѷ죬˾︴ˡȮ޹ЦԺ˷ܵ˵š
Щ棬ɻʵˣҪɱˣɱĹ𣿡
һƬǰǺģս꣬ʿˣթ֮󣬽գʵӶһһĲʳһ겻һܴͨͿԾͳʱ͵ˣȮг졣
Ȼ֪Ǻģǰôƻڲһ˵
Ȯ޹Ц˵Ҫôô˵أǰʼţĿռȶʹ򲻿ƾҵǿд򿪣ֻѻʯѣǰһʱ䣬֪ôˣһֱάſռȶĴͻȻˣ󱻴֮󣬾͵һϵеӦϵһЩ䱻ޣҲŹ죬֮û뵽ռȶѾǳֻҪץסλᣬһܳɹ
ЩƣͷһܣȻʵ˲СȴЩûʲôȤһҪôǿʵʲôãӵʲôãҪǳ˵ʵԸ˺ɾͿһֱһ
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ʮһ ۷֮· 375¿
Ȯ޺ͺȻһǱΪԶ㿪ȴû뵽㲻һǿ˲ͳź쭹ʱŭ˫һȣһɺڷʹ˫бһײʱɢ
˭Ȯ޶ʱŭſռһ
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һֽдӿռĽܳһһͷޡ
һͷܣһͷһƥӥʨգһֻľǣֻ϶һɫаƣܲЭ
ֻ޿Ȯ޺ͺʱڣҪ˺һ㡣
Ȯһޣϵŭʧˣʵģ
ͷȴһ𣬲Ȯ޵ĻֱӳֻȮ޿񱼣ֻȥΪס
Ȯһ⼸ͷֱӲֵҾҲһѵȻԺ˵ֵʱˣԼˣһҪһЩء
ƵһȴʲôԼˣ⼸һһ󣬻ͦݣҸǲŲԼء
Ȯ޿ǹܳ˹ʱгȻһȻĬĬһʱǿ˲ܳһɳɫâٵĳֱϣͬСһתƣųȴȥǳ˲䱬һѪĹâȮ޵һ͡һһǿ˲仯ţŹ˹ȥ
ǹ˫۳죬ſѪڣһɾ޴ҲĿײһ𣬶ʱ޴
Ȯһ䣬ǹһ˿΢Цȷʵģ
ȣһг˲Ȼһ˦ݡǿĹ˲˹ȥǹһֺ𣬱Ŵ󵹷ɣһײһ鸡վʯϣʯײɢҷ
հƽܣȫźɫϸƬĶʹһֺȻڿвϵ̽ŤʱһɹӳһɫˮȮ޿쭹
Ȯһֻһʱǰһ޴ͼɫͼϵǹӰͼϸ£ԶſҰĸоͬԶһӰ˲串ǲ󣬽Ȯ޵ǰڸסǺɫˮ˹ȫͼϣʱһһ㣬Ĵɢһը֮£Χռ𵴲ϡ
һɿҺըɢȥȮȴûһڿУɫͼȻתû˿˵ĺۼˮɢȥʱȮǰͼҲһʧ
ܺͶʱһ㶣һһûнŶ֣ȻǰʵǺǿǼûʤ㡣
ǱߵľǺʨҲܴ죬ιǿһɫȵҲںǰǼʯͷһҲһ֧ص̬ȴǴĽͷöˡ
𡫡ܿһ˼ǳǱַһǿĹƣתһܾͳһܡ
ȮһЦһʲôܣòͬģú棿
˵ţȮ޵Ȼһͬһһ˲ʧˣȻһ˲䣬һ̣˹ܺͶĸǰٵĴܶ𡱵һɫĹâͬһ˲˹ȥǹܺͶʱ󾪣ʩչȴֱӴ˾ߣû˿Ӱ죬Ǿ˲ͽǰʱоͬ˽ˮҲˡһʱŵȫ
Ȯ޸㶨֮һܣ編ƣӴܵʣҲ
֮ͰĸּһԼվһ鸡յʯͷϣһ߿š
Ȯ޿ĸͷЦ˵˵Ϊʲôǣ
ĸһʱ˪һ裬һͷԵĲҿȮޣȮŅ̀ܲͷ˵Ǵ򱻿ռֲ֪ֻתʱ䳤˶ӶֻϮ޺ˡ
ţǴģȮһʱ˷򣬼ͬˣһ˷ܡ
ǵģˣǰɣҲ޼ҿɹĿˣʵûʲôԵģϮģǰɡǶʱɪɪȮޡ
Ȯ޹ЦȻ˵ͷ⼸˵ǿ֪Ҳˣ
ĸһʱסˡ
ʵǣģܾûлˣҵĹ磬Ϊĸ˴ҵһֱĵȴû뵽ڲŵȵռѷıĸ˴ҵˣȮ޶ʱЦг죬ô꣬Ҫɹˣ˶ˣ˵ͨѾˣҪľǽ俪ĸȻע̶ͿԱ޳Ŀʵˣףαص䡣
ĸһʱ۾ˣȮޣһǰ
Ȯ޳һϵĽͽ⿪ˡ
ˣڴȥǱνĵطһͬŬ⼸£Ȯ޹ЦŶ˵
ǣǰһԼˣʱһʼڣܿʹȮ޺ͺںһͨҴܣܵһռѷ
һֻ׵Ŀռѷ죬һ޴ĺɫ۾һһҵϢռѷΧȫǸյʯһɹǿ籩ü˶ҿ
ˡĸתͻȻһ籩ܹǻûӦͱǿ˲ɣٷӦѾָռѷµ˵
Ȯ޿ռѷ죬ţѷڻȶĸҲǺˣ˲ȶĿռ䣬ٷ֮ʮĿܶὫ˽ģĸһˡҪռѷչȶռͨҪܶ๤
һʱ亹乣û뵽ռѷ˲ȶܹʵǴˡ
ǰҪչȶҪ೤ʱ䣿Щеʵ˵ǻĵǲҪռ򣬷ȥģҲͬһ뷨ȻȽϴϾǵļ磬ͨȶǻȥˡ
Ȯ޷ǰһӣȻ˵˵˵Ҳѣ˵Ҳ򵥣Ҫúüȶ籩ٹ̶ռӵ㣬Ȼɢռ䴫Ͳܴ֮ͣҲ£ĻҪʱ䡣
ǰȻǿ󣬰ܸ㶨ʱ
šȮ΢΢Ȼ˵ʱҶҪȫЭңҽռͨȶˡһжãǵĴ¾ͿɣʱǻҪȥš
ţҵһȫǰӹһٶһܻص򣬶ʱ˷ܡ
ţãȮ޵˵ͷһָǰĸȽΧĸʯһЩСˣڿͨռͨǽأҪ徻ֹһЩ˵Ƚҡ
Ӧһ̣˲ʧ
һֻſһ鸡ʯϿһУȮҪûʲôȤֻǾÿҪĵϰˣ˵ʵҪʵ̫ӲȮ޵ģͷɻҶǰˣҶ׽ˣȮ޵һҰĲģֻˡ
̾˿ȻٴͷԵ˯
ҪŬȮͻȻɵߣȻ׺͵˵
Щģû
Ҫ֪ڵ㽨ҵʱˣȵͨһ϶дֽ˵һֻҪֵĺãԺеλߣʵʹпΪˣܶ˵ȶȲĻᣬֻҪ㱻УԺİɾͰ벽ʹϣҲԽ⹦ͳɾ񣬵ʱ֣ڶһǿȮ޿ź˵
ţ΢΢ģҲֻ΢΢Ķѡ
Ȯ޿ӣ̾˿˵׻ᰡԺȨҪԵģȨܱҪˣɱ¾ʱᵽߣʵȨ˵ıʯ
ʿˮûӣȮ޿źӣ˵ʵҾǿǱܴ󣬲ģҲ뿴һгɾͬʧ㶮𣿡
ЩŲŲӡ
ѽܿܿǿˣڻûУУȻᷢͼǿģȮ޿ź˵壬ǿ壬Ӧռ壬΢ǿɶģսթûӵ硣
Ȯކ˵˺ܶĻʱЩƣȻվ޴ĳһȣ˲𵽿Уһٷ˹ȥ
Ȯ޿ܵһʯͷϢʱðˣȴ÷ֻƺһһ˦ӣԹԵȥˡ

һҹ֮Ҷ͹˵ȴǰ
һ죬ʽٿĵڶ죬Ҳǵ˰µʱ
Ҷ͹˳վڴȴϵĿӿܿ;ۼǧˣв˹ʶҶ澪治٣ҶЩ˶Ķ֣ҶЩЦá
ǺģҶһһһΪвĶ֣ҶЩ˵ıʱҲˣûҶİʤļ̫СˣЩУв˶ʵǿŵϵҹӾеĴҶ浹ǵʵЩΪԴţܴʮıͷһЩ׻˵ǹ׶㰵ѷˣҶ涼ͷۣ߹ֻܼ£ǲоҶ֡ҲͷӦˡ
ȵ㳡˽ˣȵĸ߲ʿҲųʗӴһȺɫŮӴʱΧ˶һɹɻҩζȺš
ʗǳ˵˽Ҫ飬ǵһӭЩչصȵӣڼܿЩӳ֮󣬻һЩ֣ʾһʱıչسɹ֮󣬲ŻῪʼ
֣һ໥֮սһǴأ֮󣬵ͨȵĿ飬гΪӻ˵ʸ
ʗţһȺ˳ȵĺɽȥ
ɽȵӱչصĵط˵ļ紺һϳɽǱŵģֹɽɢΪ˺ɽŽȥҲܽ
ط֮˷׷׾˵ͬ˼ɾһ֮ȴһ˿ɽҰΨҲһ˿ЩչصݺǷϡ
ʗӴ˵˺ϣչη𣬳Ŷһʯڷȥ˷׷Ч£һȺŹβŶٵķС
Ҷ͹ҲչηУɵһ㣬ͻȻָָ棬Ҷ濴ȥ֮ԼԼʲô޴Ķвٳֳһɹ鶯Ϣܳʮֹ졣
ɽķʩˡҶûдС֣˵
˵ͷ
ʗӵһ֮͵޴ʯڸǰһɹʯܳһ֪ǷͬѰ֮ء
ԭܿﰡ޴ʯڣһ󼤶


ʮһ ۷֮· 376ȵ
˵ʯֻ֮ʯɢ⣬һ̾˵ص˼ɾ
λ԰꣬˴αչؽʱȵʱȱչصӶġһλȸ߲ʿ˵
˱׷׵ȴڵȴʱһ⻪ҫһȺȵɹһâ˲أһȶˣߵһƬյظǰ׷óǬһʱ̶ķӣټĿյϲһƬݳأ׼ȵȵӳ֮˱ݡ
ܿ죬ڵȴУʱŵĺܿ죬˺ܿ͵ȵʱ
Ҷ͹ҲڵȴͣⲽΧЩǱڶ֡
ͻȻһһǿٵڣʯڲУһʵϼٵĴܶʯڶȴ˷׷׳ʯڿȥ
ҶоһŨɢݳƺʯڿҪѿһΧҲһ궯ΧȴһҲʮֽϾôʱˣÿжһɽ겻
ڣԡһ죬һ޴ʹ˲ֱʣ޴ٵܣҲĳչĳڳ˶治ѣҶԼҲǵһοĳ棬һʿԼһ˱չأûмôһչصģҿԿչصʯŨȻʵ졣
ˣȱչصӺܿҪˡһ˸˵˵
һ΢Цǰҵʮˣڿ䣬ʵ˼Ѱ
ҿô꣬ô꣬һ׷ʵ޺ξսҲø˵ģ
ţҲǣսҲøˡ

ڳ˷׷һ߽ͷӶ˵Ҷ濴˿ɫ죬٣ʮֽţô˵Ҳ˲Сѹ
Ҷļ˵ɣţһܿǿ⸱ģ˵ô룿ɣóӺ
Ҷܿһ뵽ܿǿŵӣ϶ҪۿۣǿѹסͷĻţһȻ˵ͷţһģ
ܿ죬һͷųͷţһʵϢ˲Ծһʺ硣
ͷȥֻʮλŮ޲ŲʺʯڳһѤá
Ҷ濴ʯڻɳŮһɫͷףŤСƯһճʱȫʵĹâһҲٵܲʮƮɹʱδѾʮֺǺХĴһ˶
ܶ۾ֱˣһӿʮλŮȫɫ죬еĻˮıЩȾɫŮ©˵õĺֻܶ࣬¶һ˿ڴĳ졣ĿתĶʮŮޣѰܿӰܿ죬ſܿһŮ޴Ǳչ֮
ܿʱ۾һҶҲ˳Ź۾ȥֻԶԶķһλȣ̬Ψ׵ӣܿ
ܿҲһЦǣùҶ濴üĿ飬Ҳһ˿Ц⡣
ʮλŮӳ֮󣬾һ潹ȴ˶ճյĿţһ˲еĽɨȥˡЩŮ޳֮󣬱˶Ĵϣʼࡣ
ʿ˵ϵΪǵɾͣʵԽߵĵӣɵԽǿһȵջһ󴮵Ĵٹ˸ʱкܶҲԸΪˣ񷴦Ȼʵǿ󣬵ϵȴʮָӺӴһ˸ŭȣԼس֣һԸЧȮ֮ͣɱʵµĶࡣ
ȵӳ֮󣬵һչʾԼչضɵĸЩһںϣŻδմˮʱһ京ŵ㼫ĴˮڳͬʱſЩӲϣʱʮŭŵϼ֮£Ѿͬɾһˡ
һǴǬͬһʿʩչһһҲɢųԣҶ濴ЩȻ󲿷ʶвٿʮҲǱŴġ
ʗӴһȺߵϣȻͿʼˡ
һԶ¶žúͺ٣̶Ҳ׷죬ܿ죬һ泩־ʹʮλӵЩʮֹƺžУһʱɴܾ죬ʱɺչţʱɽˮӣʱ񳤸ϼһΨƮƮУȫĵİ궼档
ҶЩӵ࣬ʱоһԻõĸоָоʮֶأʮˬо뿪һ㣬ҶȻȫתܵĿʼָֿо
ܾ棬û뵽ﾹȻȵĵĹУһֹǵд˳궼Եã֮ڿʼɱֵĻһ붼ӲˣǵΪȵĸߡҶҲȻȵ֮Ϊܵͣһ޺ӣͨˣȻֹǣʵûмܶùЩ
һ뵽ʱоʮ־ȣʵ˭ҲȻʹɱ֣оҶ治ֵԣҶ˵Ҳˣ֪ʿĲпᣬÿһϸ΢ĺԶٲ֮أŲ뵹ùء
һҶĴԴֵĳѹҲֵĵˣվĿ䵭ĿʮλӵࡣΧһȦЩ˶Իȥһ϶ǳԵı飬һ̾Ϣ
ʗӿΧĲҶ棬Ϊ˵жѾԻõɫʣһߵֻҶγûһ˿ĸоʮֳԾû뵽Ȼˣʿչ֮лܱԼѵĴԣʵڲף࿴Ҷ漸ۣȴҶ˲ֱӡ
Ҷʗ˶һҶоһƺĿ⣬ͬһӰаȴΪϹȻףϵΪѾһʮֲֿĳ̶ˡʗҲоͷһҶϵΪʮףжһ˿̴еĸоָоɫЩ
˶ܿĻر˶Է۾Է̵ӡ
ڽʱ࣬һ֮˲ſʼعһ©ʾĳޡΧԶҵЩӻĳΧһصʗӵߡʗӿ״ҲͦģֻҪЩʿ͵ֶһ֧֣ܲʢգΪȱƾģ˶֪ʿΪСȵĽ䱸С˺ܶ࣬˲ǧɱ¾дξ޴Ѷûеͷкܶŵ֧֣Ҳ̵ҪӵܣЩӵܱȵòһݵȵӵʯȹ¡
ҲӣȻΪ۷ʿвڣ͵λȴܸߡ
Ψһ˵ľҶ棬˶һ⣬ԭһοһΪܵ͵ʿȻֵܱܿԣ͵ȵİϷڴǰҴһ߳ŭʗҲʮֲĸҪи˷緶ģû¶˿Ĳ졣
֮ʗӾ˽̣ѡԼеȵӽбȻʼڿͬһ˵ʿչƴʿȵĿˣ֮ͨ󣬲ܵӸǰȵѡѡ֮ʢʽףӵлˣҲף˳ɹ
̹Ѿֻϣѡܿһ㣬ԼѹҲСһ㡣
֮󣬿ʼֳˣʿźܶƣÿʿصȵ֣ʿ㿪ʼŶȡӵʱ򣬺ܶ˶˿еĸӣǲҺͬб©Сĵ⡣
쵽дֵܿƣͬʱܲҵĿΧ˶дֵܿƣ⻹ֻģûģ֪֪ж٣ȻܿһѡǴǰأ˴ܻȵĿʧܣܿûˣһлǰӾͲһ뵽Щͻţ鲻ԽĶ࿴Ҷۡ
Ҷ浱Ȼʲô˼Сܼ
˵ͷһ
˱֮󣬴翪ʼҪˣ

ʱһϣھһغ˵Ļ顣
κһǶ֮ϵĴڣûˮûֻ޾ĻɳͻĹһļǿɫɳǹһϺаԵ޴ɽʯڶʧȥɫʣһ˵ļž룬
ĵط뵽˻Ὺᡣ
ݡһУһ⻪â˿죬нһʹܵϣͬʱûκͣ٣˲ͬʯһҽ˵棬ڵһӺϵˣһˮƿĺһ
âãһâٵĴܶ˷ŻܹЩâһⶼٶ죬ٶϾܿһȫΪڰ벽񼶱ĸ֣Ҳ͵һâһһҽ˵棬ʱ򶼻ε
ܿ죬Щâҫϣֱ֮ܽüžͺʲôûһ
ʱﵽҽͺɫʯ飬޴ڿвϵ䣬һٵӿʹҽˮһĹˣռ䶼ǧȵĸ£ɫҽյĳ
ʱĵҽУʮ߰˸ˣϵĿǧ꣬Ҳʮӣ˶Ż⣬ƯڿУһЩ˵ܳÿ˵ʵʮǿȻϹжֻȻλߣֻڽﾲƯţûպҶһͯӣĿš
ʱЩм䣬һλͷ׵ߣͬȫһԴߵϢȣ̸ͬһţһɹǿϵɢ̫ǿ崢浽˼޲ųֵġ


ʮһ ۷֮· 377֮ս
ڻڲ쳣غ˵Ļչ
˴ҰѴҳðűΣۼԭҲѾˡ׵ͷˣ˵
ߵĻһһۣ෢ʿһǵģȷѪпħָˣԭ򣬴һʿʼҵĹĶ´˺Уַҵ˷ӡѪпħĴΪ˳ƻųѪпħѾ˳ϼѪпħˡ
ǵģҵһۼˡһһ۵˵
ţº鷳γ϶ȡϴʧܵĽѵǰųħóѣǾ鷳ˣħһסʱ򻹵ٴ֡ͷص˵
ԸԸ־Щ˻˵أϴ·ѪпħȴһٵˣȥȲ̽ȻѪпħɵģһɣѪпħѾõʲôпԪ񣬵ҪȴϽŭûҶһҪǵȥˣǼ˴ˡһһ۵İ벽ʿ˵
鷳ѪпħһڵħЩϹЩϼһǶ˼ǧ꣬űѹȥѪпħٳֻŵʺ˷ˣѵҪٴһƽ٣治İʿ˵
ҲĬˣǺһηӡѪпħ˶ĴۣȫѪĽѵζظһΣܶ˵ͽͽﳤϴκƽжɱˣħĴսͿ̿ٴξ£ʿ齨ħţҲҪͿ̿ΪħĴսԭٵ˹ʣµ⼸ǧŽٴƽ٣Ǻѱ֤ͳλܼȥ
滨ʱһĴжȡͳȨȻսȶ޸ϵƫԶҷû뵽Լڲ⣬ħαһδ಻ϵܿ޴ûзķϴѪпħ˷˵ʱ򣬾вǿ޲֪ܳ˲С𶯣֮ѪпħӡҽЩҲɱˣӡͨƽϢ˻ҡ
Ѫпħٴγ֣޴ķ粨Ȼǧ꣬ڼֻҵ˴ССʮռѷ죬Ҳ˵еĿռѷ춼ӡˣϾôȻǰ벽񣬵׺һһǧҲһֱǵޱ鷢˵޺һֱռֻͨûбֶѣһ⣬޻᲻ٴγ˭˵塣
ħȴֻͳ磬Ųںħ֣ҲʲôΣ
ħޣĸսʤˣȻᱻһ񷶼޴ĻУͳλҲơ
ѪпħѾˣڴѰħϹڸֹҪǣǵޣҿ׼һÿ˶ԼеǿеѲߣһħʿֱնɱʵǿ󣬿ѸϱڶҪӢפ򣬷ֹѪпħħʵָǼͺ˵ˣͬʱϽ񣬿ô죬ﲻǣֻҪǰ֪ͨˣӦûоڴ֮ǰҪľǾʧҺһħһҪëͷʿ˼һӣ˵Լ뷨
ҿ˾˵ȻھͿǲ̫ˡϾԴӪһֻСıܣ֮󣬺ܶҲ֮ˣѪпħֻǱ֤ˣѺǧ꣬ϴαԪʵȲȵϹȥ˵ǾΪСĿŪûûѪпħȻˣϾļŲ֪ϸܻܿΪѪпħԼɱˡ֮£Ѫпħ׳룬ʱǰ˼ֳҳǱȻӦϣΪմӪһƣھ޴Ļھۼʵȭͷ˾ˡˣ˾ֵĽãҪȶſɡһһɫۣ΢ź˵
̫СģѪпħ鲻С£ˣѺǧ꣬˭˭𣬳֮϶Ҫ˷һҪǰڻҲһ£⻹ҪǾˣֻҪǲõһж⣬ķǨ룬һЩǱĵӺʵͽͽǷŽȥټѸңγԿʵͻᱩֻҪǱҪʵħѾܶˣһʱҲҵѣ֯һصжֱٿȥĺƽ١ۣ˾ʿ˵
ʿˣ˵ͷ˵Ķԡ
һЭ˵ʵҲͬ˾ֵֻҾһʼ˴󶯸ɸ꣬˵ɣѪпħһǱٰʮ꣬ȵиɱ˻ǹǸǺãһ̫Ȩͽˡ
ǱûȨĿǰڰôȨһ˵һ۵ʿһ졣
ˣмĻ׺ϵ˵һ䣬ʱ˶Ĭа벽Ϊߵģﵽ˰벽۷徳磬һβΧѪпħ֮һ˵з
ҿ黹аãǻ׺˵ʵǲһʼʹ󶯸ɸ꣬ҲһʼѪпħΪҶԴ˵˽⣬խѪɱʮַ񣬱ļأԴ˴γٴ˷ˡҲܱǣűߣСȵĵһЩĵɺɢټȲֿǽȥܣ˵ȻرţԵķƣȵһЩʵǿĺʿټ֮ʵĴžӢӷ룬һȥѪпħȻûǾֹͣټںЩ˽ѵ׼ħĽѪпħڴڼ֣ҷϮǾͼۿٶȣҰٷ֮ʮٷ֮ʮٷ֮ʮٷ֮ٵĿҲ˵ǵжѪпħжӦ䣬ٷ֮ʮʱ򣬾ͿʿĿһͿԴӿʼڶ
һ׷׵ͷ취ȿԶԸѪпħսϮҲԶԸѪпħŻѪпħ֪£϶ϵԽöԽΪʿ˴Ӣмǿѵʱս϶Ϊ⵶ֱħģݴͣħٷϴˣ϶ʡ
ȻҶͬҵĿǾִаɣѡ츳ʵʿ֪ͨǵѵ˵ҪѲ߶ӣǲ룬óôǣжջţҲиɾ׺˵
˶׷׵ͷͬ˵
һ⡣һֱĬжͻȻǰ˵
˷׷׿жҲһۣȺֻ֮Ǻƽһѡ
ţ˵ɡͷж˵ͷ
Ȼô˵ûдִеʱ»ЩסжЩ˵ĿǰЩ˴ǳĳأ̫ΪҪף֮츳ĸֱʶļˣʵǿǰ;ޣȴɢ޶ѣʵҲףҼǵλвٶɢ޳ɣʵȻϿĿ죬ǧ;֤ʵɢгֵļʸһЩΪɢ޾иļԵֻѡеľӢܿ©ʵľӢж˵Щʱ򣬾ǴҶ뵽ģҶǵ͵ţ޾֣ǽҶŹӹ˷ԴʵЩԸ⡣
жĻһͷͬ⣬жĻȷʵûһǶٺľ֮ǰ񣬶˽⣬˭ǱĵҲƾ٣ܿΨףѡʱħֻܵڻҡڶҲǧʵŶʿǰãƱø󣬺ܶ˶ǲŸܳͻƵģÿ˵ľд飬һⶼӳԼճɾͰ벽Ĺ£ţĸ䣬ǿĵطɢŴĸ֡츳ĺ˽ܡ
׺ͷжĻֿ˿˵ı֣뵽ԼľжĻû
š˵Ĳ޵ô飬Ǹô죿ͷжҲжȻж⣬ǾͿ϶Լ뷨
ж΢һ˵ҵ뷨ǾٰһʿܲĴѡеıֽܳĸֽ뺣ٴѵ
һʱжЦеӴǺǰ벽񼶱ģͬ󺣵Сһһ漰ȫĴºķѵľԴһѪпħռսˡ
ҵ뷨ģԸΪλ֯ȻǱȽϺķѾĿǰõİ취֮⣬һȥɸѡôܣص룬޶꣬ʵǣΪĿɲһսӱһս϶ֲ룬ʱ򷢶Լŵȥ˵ǰ벽ڱƶģ϶Чж˵
ʲôһʿʵϾҪ˶ǰ룬ƷǺҪģν֮±·򣬽͵ĺˣȻһЩҲԸ
ȻҪһ㣬˵ԵõΪ벽洫ӵĻᣡ˵ʤ߿ͨȫʾνж˵
һʱЦȷʵǸð취Ƕʵϵĸ֣϶԰벽ܳΪ벽洫ӾʵʵĺôͨȫԼν͵Ǿ޴ҫɹһ˲ɾʹһսǶſӵеġ
ðɣǾ֯һԽԽãбչؿ޵ĺʿ֪һĿ϶ܶ࣬ڸղ˵裬ǾͼнУͬߣҲͨδȶһЭͬĥϺϸ֮⡣׺ߵ˵ͷ˵
˷׷״Ӧ֮󣬿ٵĻһâȥֻܿʣ»׺һˡ
ѪпħѪпħΪ˾ʦ־Զʦ֣ʵһ㣬ˣĻɱûһ⣡ӸĸֵܱɱˣҲǾ㣬ʵ㣬û뵽˹ɣȻľħˣȻ԰Σֱӡһ군ˡȻ˹ʺ˻ųˣʦѾ洫ң񷶼ҿƵģ绹ɱ㣡׺߿ŲԶķҽЦ뵽
Ѫпħ츳ǿʦܿѪпħۿʦܰ洫ѪпħʱвһƣɱѪпħֵܸĸܸħѪпħļֱħѪпħɱʦȫʧˣ洫Ѫпħ˿־ĴħͷɹĳΪӢۣǡ
ΪѪпħ군ˣû뵽һֻųˡ
ѪпħѪпħȻˣͱڻˡ׺ҧгݵ˵аѹħʤⶼǶ


ʮһ ۷֮· 378¹ı
ʱУһܵıҪչ
ȱ䳡Уǧʿֳȵĸ߲ЩصĵһԹս
ȵı䳡ܴ˷ʮ̨бÿ̨Ӧĳһȵӻʸĳأͬһ̨Χʿ඼ǶֹϵҶ濴ΧڹǸ̨Ҳܿʸ̨ߵ࣬һٶа̾۹ⲻֻǾѹʹ˺ܶࡣ
ܿ쿪ʼˣҶҲ̨ܱͿڵ̨ʿܶ࣬һĿΧˣҲһ⣬պѹ֡
һȥ޵ʿһӺһƤڵĴ󺺣һȥͳһɫƤڵĴŴ󿳵ʮˡ
ʿһ⻪Ȼ󱬿ʽʼˡ
һȣ˲仯һŽ⳯ƤڵĴ󺺳ȥǴҲʾһʹܵ˶棬˻ǿ˲ײһ𣬡ءһʹ󿳵ʱ޴ȣѸһʹܵգǴ󿳵ϳɫĹâǶħ۾һһԻõϢ;վıȽϽ˶оһĿѣԣɼвС衣
ȻҲǳصģܿжһͭ壬塱һҡ֮󣬶ʱһǿĽɫâ˲䱬Ȼɫ߳Ǵ󺺳ȥ˿ûܵ󺺵Ӱ죬󺺼״һȣг裬ǿ˲һ󱩷ȥ
ͻȻ޴˲䱬ӽͭһףͭǿɫâ˲䱬ը߿裬ӱ˲ʧһ̣Ǵ󺺻æӦߵʱӹĳ󣬴󺺾ȻгȻһȥʱѾˣѳ֣һƴ޴ӡӰءһҵ󺺵ı󣬴󺺱³һѪǰȥ
ΪҪ̨ʱǴȴڽҪʱ̣һһɫâ˲佫Ӵ˸ֲһҽг䣬ǿһڵ֮󣬲ŵڵϡ
ĳ˶ЩĿɿڴҲԴ󺺷Ӧ֮̾Ϊչأ˭ڵ˭䣬ȻУأӮӡվѪĿŴ󺺣Ҫðһ󺺲˲ǵѪˡ
֮սĻ֮һһĴս̨չˣμӴ޵ģΪʿսʮּң֣ĸǲɿ汻ѿһڵϣÿһսҪȵʿ޸ء
һʿıϣսҲٽˣڴ֮ǰҶѾԹ˲һЩ棬ԼĿƷŵؼʱ̣ԽҶƽʹãȻô׼Щš
һҹӶ콡ȵ
Ҷ͹һ䣬̨ϣҹһֱǹͷ󻼣֣ùҲЩšҶҲһ˿⣬뿴ʲô͡
˵꣬һӰһ˲̨ϣһ£ǰƵ꣬곤ƮݣʮɢϢҲͨصʵֻ᲻ҶһԽս
콡̨ҹƵģҡһɫӣһ̨һЩҶ濴ҹӣʱое˼
ҹ̨֮ȻҡӣһƵӣƲûн콡ʿкܶ࣬ͨɵһһʵеװǻƣ󱻴ĺܲңڶʵĸ֣˿ҹɣ׷Ҳ²͸ʲôֻܵſˡ
콡ҹװǻƣʱһŭৡһתĳֱӼǰƯǳϷһ˿˿ɫâһɹ鶯ϢɴܳȻǷƷ
콡һѽס϶ʱϢ裬һǴһڿз裬ƾˣҶ濴˽Ҳ׵ͷ⽣ȻˮԪϳ֮콡ĿҲǷ֮
ҹӿ콡֣ȴһ˿Цݣ˵֮ڲҴܣӮ
һ˽ԻȻû˴󵨿ˣһҹӣôҪǷ˾оԵš
콡һʱоĪ裬дŭ¶һ˿Цãҿ㵽ʱǫ̂ΪҹҵҾ㣬Ӵ꣬Ҳǳصġ
˵гȻһ𡱵һǳϾȻһͬӡһͷһ˾棬Ҳʱоһǿৡһ콡˲仯һ⣬ٳҹͬʱǿ裬ȻӰ˲˳ҹӿȥʱҹЩǰСһɳһȴȻ΢Ц˿Ϊҡӡ
ءһ˲䳯ҹҧ£ҹȴ΢΢һǰһɫâ壬ͬϼһԼһǿ˲䱬ҹӵײһ𣬶ʱǿӳײһ˾ȵǣڵľ˲ͻɢȻûжҹκ˺˲콡ܵشһɫҲǼ԰ˡ
ҶҲЩˣղҹǿȷʵû˿ȫûг֣˲֪ô;Ȼˡʵ˷˼ҶԼˡ
콡ɫ߷ߣٴὣϣгǿһ𣬡һ𣬳Ȼͬʱһ𷢳ϱ޴һǿٵĳΧռ䣬޴ӿ˲䣬ͬʱܳҹӿȥŲͬĻȣڳ嵽ҹӸǰʱ˲仯һ°ɫ޴ٳ̩ɽѹһҹӳȥս˶ʱɴ۾
ءһը޴ٴܶһǿǿĳ籩һ裬޴Χ˶ɴ۾콡ʵ澪ء
˵۾ʱҹȫȻ⣬ϵĹâǾ޴̫һĹʮҫۣ޴ХһĴ˲佫ռѣЩڵľ˲ͬɳһ˲߽⡣
˶ʱһҹӴһڸҳ˰ɣ˵һɫӰ˲֣޴ٴܶͬһ˲ܵĸǰʱһǿҹһ֣һǿĳɫֱӴһ˹ȥءһ죬콡ֱӱˣĿ֮£ֱҽ
ȫˣûôǿƵģһֱȻֱӿסԷι̶һгֱ֣Ӵܣʵǿ
ҶҲЩ㶣û뵽СǿƣӦͷˡҶ泯ŹķȥɫЩףҡҡͷǱŻˣƣŻˣҲŻˣԭһֻ²Ҳ׷׳ĬΧһȦ˶ɫĿ̨ϰȻҹӡŵòᡣ
ҹȻȻΧЦһҡȥߵʱ򣬻˹һۡ
ʿˮʱоһ⡣
ʱͻȻֻȵӺһһ飬𡣡
ȫһʶĳҶ濴ȥҶ΢Цŵ˵ͷ֪ڹܽţǾѵںܣŹһӮҶͷҲһ˿ϾҶʵġ
һɼȥ˵Ŀȫϡ
ʱԱȲһͷ꣬һܼ򵥵Ĳ£¶һļ⣬˫ۼ㣬Ҷһ֪ǶĽܸоһҵɱ경̬Ƚлͬһһʮ־ˡ
Ҳ˸֪˶ʵͬСɣҪˣҶȴûжʲôȷʵҪԶֻҪܰ˵ҪŲҪң϶Ӯ
ˣ˿ͻȻߴҶúüͣܿˣͰ֮ǰ˵İ죬һӮȻûҪסУ˿ʵףģڣ϶⣡úüͣܿҸҿܿڿأ
һȻתͷȻǿ̨ϣܿţһ˫Ŀ߿ŽͽţʱȻһƺܽͬ
ӵһ£ʾսʽʼһ˲ɫĳһɹܣͬһϴܶΧҲܳһɹΧתʹĹͷȴû˿ֵļһѳȵվš
Է˿û뷨ҶʾҲȥȶֵ˻ȱ©ԼֳֳҲһ˾Ϳʼ˶ӣ̨˿˵һĪΪûжֵ뷨ء
ͻȻһжžʱ򣬶ĹͷȻһ磬˻һǿĹâ˲䳯ŹȻһͬʱ֣гѸٵ˲䱬ӭĹͷȥ缫죬˲˵ĸǰٶҲޱȣֱӴȥгֱ޴ŵбһǿɫײһ𣬡žϵըٷɳ壬ͬʱ廯һأӥ˲˹
û뵽˱뺷Ȼ˲ʹۿԷѾԴ̳鶯ǳеȥءһը죬ʱɣͷǿˣ˵ֶΣȻܱǿûվһΪ׺þ޴ٴܶͬǿıһȫϢĻᣬʱѹɽֻеĳϵĸ񵲣ЧȫѹŴһֱȥǹİܾ־Ѿˡ
֮Ҷϸѣʹø档
ȻҶʾκ嶯ˣڲʹø棬ǹͷƺ֪˾һ·ѹȥùжȫס
ʱѾ񣬲֪ӦԣԷһϵֻæӦҪסʱͻȻܿԼĺ֣ܿǰܿһܿΨЦݣ澪ĶǣڷԶòܿܿҲΪ˵ġ
ܣҲܾʹ˷ĵŭ𣬶ʱȫٴȼս־
һ𣬳Ȼ䣬˲סԷĹͬʱһһѸ˲䳯Źͷ˹ȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 379´
ǹͷھѹƹȴû뵽˲䱬ҵһųɫСӡ
ʱһﳤһƬӼʱһĴܣӱɣȴһֻ˲ܽͷʱоһԷȣһĸоֱӴ̽壬һʱһƬհס
ڴʱѾЧһϲһͳǹͷֱ˹гȻɫ磬ǡðž޴Ļ𻨣Է쭹ȥһʱ䣬ռҫһ˾µĹ߿ʮ־ˣۿҪ򵽹ͷϡ
ǹͷʱ𣬷Ӧٶۣоǿ磬ǿŲʣг˲ĵһǿ˲͹ĵײһ𣬾޴ײˣڿһһߣڵϣʮףʱǿս£ǻһͳ֮ҧҧӻһٴδгٴѹ̽Ͼ淭תѹƣǹͷ֧š
Ҷ濴ƴ˵ͷȻտʼЩѾٴαҶץסսǹͷ걻壬겻ϵܵʴʹ಻ûѹסԺѹˡ
ǹͷ֧ţеĸ治ϵʴʹһʹ岻ϵð亹ܿЩסˡտ֧֮󣬱һƵˣ󱻹ƵĴ̨ϵȥʤ
Χ۵˶Щ㵣û뵽տʼǿƵĹͷȻܣͷһʹӣ˾ĿŹһ¶ɵģʿ˵ЩʵǿģЩʵСȴܻʤģкܶ಻Ϊ֪˷ʤ﷭ʿ羭˿ŹΪǺߣһ˿ɵ
ȫ˱ôʱѾȫ죬ϵĴϢղŸٵתܵĳҪҶտʼ͸˴ͶڣܶҲǷ˾ţ֮
֮ɫ԰ףȴϲҶļ򡣡СĲ
Щ˼ЦЦתͷܿȥֻܿڿ̨΢ЦĿϷһ˿졣а¾ģ¾ƴһսҲҪܿñ˴ܿ
ս֮һ˱̭˶ˣмӮ˱Ҳò˳׷ܿһٶˣڶֵʱʣʮˡ֮ļ죬Ľ˱ҶһʾһЩսһЩսľ顣
еʱ򣬹һ·ĿİռǰսûҹӣһͬʱҲ˸ѹΪҹ⼸δսУûкķѶζǿƻʤʵǿ󵽱̬ȸ߲ע⣬֮£һ·һ˾ʱܡ
뵽ǰ֮󣬹͵ʽȡ˵һؿʤԺ˽һصı
ֻܹһʮϡϡվȵĴǰʿǳ޺͹ҿڶأڶõһڶᱦϷҪʿһص㵽һص㣬ڼɫĹõĲҳɹĿĵص˲ǳɹҲ˵ֻʣˣҪյɹ
֮󣬾Ϳ˿ߵĸˣҹ⣬ʵҲʮǿվŲ˵ϾѾ˼ʤо󣬵Ѿ˲СˣΪҶ㼸ζоյĻʤеıУΪලȽѣҶ͸װˣֻҪҶȵĹ赲¶סһʱ
Ҷһ˫Ժбһʯͷɽһֻʿ˵Ļ۾ȴƲƮƮգ˼ѾƮԶˡ
Ҷ濴ܿ뵽ϹѺԼͬʱͲ֪˳Ϲ߷Ƶʦ飬һʱԶŮ鳤ĶʮһԼעҪڲϵжȹˣͰϹѣΪʵΪ˽Ϊܹ̽˵ļޣȻҪ뿪ʼԼ¶Уһ̤һ۷·
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ʱվڹΧģҶҵҹӣһλʿˣһλֵ׳Գɣоһλ޳г֮ʿԪɡ˹Щۣʣµλһһ׺
ȵڸ߲㿴ˣ˵һЩصĹ֮ؿʼֱӶĿĵأز
̾ķֿŴɽͬȥʱɽĵһҪҪҵӣûҵ˵ӣΪҵΪͬһʼͱӵĿģԷӴܣץסҲô׵ġ
ܿ죬һͳɽɽţʯᾣУԵЩˣһվʱЩ֪ˡյãҶһʹܵǰ
Ҷ磬ˣ˵˵
šҸղʱӦﲻֹһԮǼ˱ҲˣҶɫص˵ֻǼˣ£ԷȺ֮Щ鷳
ȻˣҲ⣬ֻҪҵӣֻܾУϺ󣡡
һæͷҶ磬ôأ
ߺߣа취Ҷ˵ţһֻ׳ͳΧЩȫɢŵɫĹâϸ΢š
棿Ҫʲôʵ
ҶЦܼ򵥣Щ׳ɱˣȴԳ䵱ǵĶĿ˷һҷӾͼ򵥶ˡ
۾һ޵Ȼ
ǣҶһЦȻһֻ˲ˡˡЪŰɣ
Ҷ͹һϢϢҶŸѰҷӡ
ԼĪʱҶȴһҲûп鲻ˡ
ţͻȻҶһѣߣҿǲܵˣĿĵȥɣһѰңһ
˿ٻâĿĵطȥԽɽ֮󣬺ܿͿһߵɽ£һʿۼĵص㣬ȻĿĵˣҶɨһۣãĸ˶û˵ҲѰҡǾͶ⸽ҵɫӣһȥȡȻֱĿĵأҲ˭ӹ
ţȻôЩݣΪܿʲôԸ⡣
ţһӣͻȻ˻һ⣬ŶĿĵطȥﱧųɫȻҵˡҶ۾һУȥ١ûأͻȻӵĳһ⣬ų䣬嵽еʱ˲仯һ˰˹ȥ
ˣҶһ㶣û뵽ǴһĲ١
˿һŴ˹ʱоŭз˲ৡ˲ܳȥŽ쭣ءһ߾ײһ𣬻ǿ󣬺ͽһײʱ߶
Ŀĵصʿըû˹ܣΪӾҪ̭˵ģûд򶷲أ˭ʵǿ˭õӣӹɡ
֮˲ʹ˳ȥ㿪˽Ĺû뵽ٶ죬Ȼҹӵסȥ·𿴵ҹӣû˵ֱӿ
˺ܿڿдĲɿһҵսʯըҷɡ
Ҷۿ˴ˣҲͲˡһȸûʱٳ֡
ܿ죬ҹӾռȻҹӵʵȳҪǿ󣬼г֣Ϲһٶȣ˴ڵҳһӣȡӺܿҪߡû߼ͻȻһһֵԳɣԳҲһӳ߼ٷ׷ɣҹӺͳ˵ᣬҹѾһҲˣӦþû˰ɡ
ڴʱһĻ𾪵ĳˡԳɸշɹȥһɫǹ˲ֱܳӽԳɴŶΪԳɾ̫Ҳ⣬Ȼ˲䱻ᴩ壬Ȼһǿ϶ġ
Ҷ͹һĻʱЩ㶣ѵһλҲ𾪵ʱȴΪߴӺ߳ɫӽҹӣҹ΢΢һЦȻһٴζ
󣬴磬ڸʲôһӲҪţ⼸ˣʱ۾ֱˡ
ҶҡҡͷǣǲҪţҪţ
ţһ㶡
ǵģû´ĻҹھͽǶɵԼһӵĿĵأΪؿʼʱ˵ĺӶĿĵ֮û˵˱ӵĿĵؾҲ˵һ˴Ӷȥ
ҹӹȻݶŭ˵
û£ѣĶǵģҶǹһ˿Цݡ
ţ˵ͷ
˼ȴŵӵĳ֡
ףҶһ㶡ҵˡ
ãʱһϲת뵽ҹӡǹƻģ
ģһǼʶҵҶЦһȻ˵ߡȥȡӡ
һܣͳһִȥһ󣬲һѻҵɫӡ
ӣǰɣһģҶ潫ӽ˵ͷҶ棬ûгɣֱӳŶǰ
Ҷһڹ󣬺ܿ˾͵ҹӵĵص㡣ﶼǺˮһնҲзյģŵķţɵĺĿ棬һ·ɵƬֵϿա
ͻȻһ˲䱬һŴĹȥͬʱҹӺ̴ӶƺԹγ֮ƣΧɱ֪ǵڽֵһ˲Ӳͣ٣һʮףһӱܿǽڸǡ
ߺߣӦͦģҹЦһȻŹһӣʱһɫâ˲˳ǿţͬʱҲ˲֣һ˷ųһ⣬л޿ɶ㡣
ڴʱȻһɫ˲ܳŹٴȥͬʱڿбһƬâڵпٵĴܶ޴Ԫɢɫâײһ𣬡ءı޴ҹӺ߶һû뵽ˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 380³ɱ
Ҷһͳ˹ߣϻһ׵硣
ҹ˿ǹĽܵҶ棬ʱ۾׹Ҳѹˡ
ϣҹһȻȣɫâ˲ܳ޴ٷӿһʹȥʱҲһһ⣬ֱҶ͹
ҶһѽƿȻ׵񱼣˲;ۼһܼһ׻ɢΧûؽİʩչЩѣҶѾӵǿĵʵ࣬ʩչʱٶҲٱȡ
һ˲ܳˣҹǿŽ֯һ𣬡ءһըɢߵʵҲͬСɣҶҹӵĹ֮󣬲òٴγ֣޼ʵǿ˲串ǹʱ򣬽ն֮󣬾͵˵ĽڴʱҶȻоһǿӿƺʲôռƵãתͷһȴҹӲ֪ʲôһڹ⳯˹Ҷʱһ˿⣬һһʱ׵ᣬһǿţʹ۵׵⻪
𡫡һһǿĵ˲˳ͬʱ޴ӿһ˲ɴܶһԪ˲䱬ǣŵǿĵȻܳնҶ浥һ֮¾˲乹ɣǰʩչҪǿĶ࣬ǰؽİܳɹʩչӵǿЧ
ŵ˲ܳȥΧ΢ĿռƱƣͬʱ޴ӿҹȥҹӶʱ󾪣ĺɫľƻ𣬾ͱŵǿĵ˲˵˸ǰҵһԪӵжܵ˲Сƣܶܲˡ
ΣʱͻȻһǿĵһɫĵ⻯һֻֻǿɫǣʱȺǿ񱼣˲͵˾ŵǰءһ޴ıը˲𣬶һǵʱһ˲ܳһѽҹ𣬳һȥҹӿܿһء
Ⱥײһ𣬱ǿǳˮһϵϯϳڿռγ˾޴УԶʮ־ˡ
Ҷû˴ϢĻᣬȻһ˲ͳҹӺߴȥ
ҹӺʣµ߶ˣû뵽Ҷһ־ǿ󣬱ǵʵߺܶ࣬˲ˣĿĵشȥ
ûֵ˳ȥҶһ˲ܵǸǰͬһ𾪣ɫĿҶ档Ҷ©ɱ⣬ģʵУͱɱˣҲûҪ
ǰղֲԣҲǰһ·ҹӿҶ浲ǰʱ̬ȴ䣬ǸղźҶݵĽ־ѾҶǿʵ˿Ҳˡ
Ҷֱˣǹһ˿΢Ц˵һ·ƾʲô
˿Ҷ棬ʱЩƣû뵽Ҷôʡ
ֻҪǰһ·һص壬峤һлǰģҹӿҶ棬ɫЩ˵
Ҷ˵ͷţ뷨ܲΪһôǻȥڷŻɽ
һʱ໥һۣףҶ濴ǲŹˣһ飬ҹǰô
һ֣Ҷ滺˵
ৡһ廯һǿ⣬ӰȻȥ
û뵽ҶغܶҲû뵽ҶĻͻȻ֣ʱһ˶Ϊ֮ҶͬһһٴܹɢҶһͳҹ׷ȥ
ҹǰƴܣٶ˲˼£о޴ѹΪоҶľѾԽԽˣۿʣһٶ׾ͱ׷ϣѣһݡһһɫ˲ɳ
Ҷ׷ŵʱͻȻǺɫ輱ʱһ㶣ܿͷӦһըףʱת壬ৡһŲʮףءһͬըһıһ˲䣬޴ٷӿǿд׵罫Χʮ׵ķΧ˲串ˣҶΪѾʮףպôڳ˱ըķΧˡ
ҹѾܳһ࣬ҶʱЦһ׾̤
˲䣬ҫǿһŷǿЩٴӿ˫ľУৡһҶ׾̤ٶȿ磬һһӾʹܵҹӵĸǰȻû˿ɣһ˲ҹӵͷ
һۿҹϵʱ򣬡͡ŷ˲γһ޴ĵɫ֣ҹӱ棬һ׾Ȼκβ˴˱֣Ҷ㱣ֵһοҹӳֵʱţвԴ˶е棬콡ƿⱣ֣ҲȻƲɼ
ҹӸоԼ׵УһҶ澹Ȼ֪ʲôʱ󣬶ʱŵɫ԰ףٿ񱼡
Ҷ˫һʱʮ߰˵ܼ˲γɣȻҹӷӿȥʱ޴ǵصҹӵĵɫϣȴûʲôǽҹŵĲᣬܵĸˡ
Ҷʱ¶֮ɫûȥϸʲôȴһһҵĴ޴ҫһҶסҶ汣ҹӡ
Ҷŭһӣ˲ŵֱӴָܳ˲䲼գŵзٴܶߴȥءһ죬ײһһʱ
ɫһ䣬м֣ҶֻǵһӣԵֿĽʮֲֿ˶һۣͬʱ˵ͷ
ȣȣһΣ˲ܵһͬʱ̤ǲؼشܶͬʱٵδܣһɹɺںɫٵϣһɫĹȦһ
˶һ£й˲γһ̫ͼվ̫ϡ
Ǭһأ𣡡˿дͬʱȫĺںɫâǣ޴ٴܶһǿⱬ͡ϵһʱǿٴܶһɾ޴ĳɫ˲ʣ̶վľ޴̫ͼʢһںɫ޴ţ˾Ķǵ
ǿԴڣʽĴܳλߵȫȼ˾޴Ļһںɫķ裬˵ζû档
Ҷ濴⾪Ķǵĳ棬ûмų֣˵ˮƽûевʱ򣬾˼һҲĶ֣ͦ⿴棬뿴ʲô˵ľС
ܿ죬ںɫĴţÿһƬ꣬ռе𶯾ͼӴһЩһɫͺɫѾȫΧˣҶоһ
͡һӣŵǿĵ˲ܳ޴ӿ˲Ǿ޴ȥˡ
ʱءһŵûг嵽ǰһˮʹܶ;ŵײһ𣬱޴ŵûдܹȥͱɢˣ⣬Ҷû˿ȣԭͲµǿڿʼʱ򣬿϶ʱвٵķʩģҪȻ˳ʩչʱ䣬ȫס˵Ĵǻ˵ãղųֻ̽һ¶ѡ
ֱֶ˵ʩû˿
һҹԶԶĿѾŵĲҿˣΪĸʩչУ׳˵ͣʱǿӿʱ۾һʩչʲôıɱУûܴӳǰҲֻʩչζѡ
ȻдһһȫʬҹӿҶ渺ֶ㲻ӣȫзӣҧгݵ˵
ܿ죬ȫչʱһΧ޴дܶΧѾﵽ˱ĳ̶ȣ޴شܶÿռ䶼
򽣡˴ͬʱΧٵᣬһӰ
뷢
˱˵Ĵʱ޴˲һֱͣӳž޴İҶĿǧѣڡ
Ҷ۾һУǹһ˿Цݣ˲䣬׵ΧᣬһıڣΧҶ壬Ҷȫ߶ȫʱһӿڼ̵ʱھͽҶΧ˺üȦһǿ繹һԲεĵҶʵʵ
Ҷһȣͬʱӿ޴ķɴܣʩչǰ޼ǿ
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޴صڿռһ⽣ͬȳȺһӿ˹һʱؼ䱻Ĺ⽣͸Ҷϵ޼ײһ𣬱𻨣Ҷʱо۷ײϵĸоһ㣬Ź⽣˹оѹڽ
߸оҶ޼ײһ𣬾ײڳǽһܣƲͬʱ޴ǿһķӵ⽣Ȼӣͬһڿռдܶ޴裬ˮһĹ⽣Ȼƣ˷ҶΧϳ
ҶʱѹȻһ޼ϵıҶΧĵţĹ⽣޴ĳҶЩȣСЩˡ
ҶЦһȻ߱Сľ˲ܳΧٵĴܶܿͰڳǽһ˿˿ɫԴڽдܵܶҶһת޼⽣ӿһʩչǽǰȻﲻڵˮƽʮǿ˿ͬʱʩչս
ҶĴ߶£߱СľٵĲóɽһٵӿʱ⿪ʼڽпٵܣ޴ĽĵһѸ٣ҶҲֻܿһ˿һ˿˿ߣ˿߲оһ󲻺ǽʵʵڲС
ҶһߵŹ⽣Ĵܶһ߿ٵʩչǽ󣬺ܿ죬߱ľϵķĿٵҫҶӿ£߱ľĿѣĹâһ˲佫Χٵİȥһɹݷǿ籡˲佫Χռ伷ռˡ
Ҷһ𣬶ʱɫĹſҫ߱ľȻܳߵâһɹۻʣܿߵ˲һһ޴ȻһԾܳնռˡ
𡫡һ޾ۻ˲䳯ܹȥ϶ʱһǿҪ赲Ҷǽϵһӿʱȴֽһƿ˲ܽ˴ڡ
ءһʱǾ޴ǿȻ̾ͻ㳯潦䡣
߶ʱɳȥ
ҹӿⳡʱˣû뵽Ҷʵǿ󣬾ȻǴƿ
ɫʱ԰ףȻ˲䷴ӦĻˣǻҪȥһͳĿĵصķٴȥʱҶΪոʩչǽûн޼Ҳڽˣûʱҹ˲ʹĹ
ץסĿĵܵʱͻȻǰܳһӰһȻǹ


ʮһ ۷֮· 381ճɾ
ӿսʱҶһƿһֱڹսҶչԴݿ֮ƽ˴ܣʱһݺ͸̾ͻȻҹӳҶս鲻ֵʱĿĵӴܣҲû룬Ѹٴҹӵĸǰ
ҹӴʱд󼱣һӱҶץ군ˣԶʱŭһ䡰
û˿ܿ뷨ɫӿһͬ籩һڿռзܶ޴һδεĴӿӴķ籩ϯȥҹӴܳȥʩչ󣬵ȴȫ渲ǵĹ
ҹӿȻȣʱŭнȻȣʱһĳŶӿһʱ޴ˮһӿȻȶ֮£һ޴Ļȥֱ˹ţȻˣɫ϶һǿѩƬǻȥ
𡫡һ˲ͳ˹ʩչ籩޴ϷӿһȵĿ˲䳯Ź˹޴˲ܣһӱײ󵹷ɣ³һѪɫ˲԰ףΪҲ֮һ㻤⣬ûбճɽ̿
ҹӿһдɣЦһӻһڹ⣬ĿĵطȥһĿĵؾͰȫˡϾȸ򣬲ۿҶɱ˵ġ
廯һڹ⣬ٳĿĵطɣȫûѹɣһĿĵֻʮˣԿʱҶѾ˦ʮ๫ˡ
һҪǵط񱼣ΪԻʱͻȻΧռ˲䱻һںɫĶоԼȫ̱ľͺԭȫ񾭶һ˲ήһֻ˲䱻һҪʮѣȻһ˲ʧȥ˶Ŀơ
𾪵ĿΧȻѵתͷʱԶɵĹִһһɫСӣȫڹǴɫСϴܳġ
ʲôСӣΧռһĺڹ⣬ʱʮ־棬ҡ
СҶƣҶùԷһʱãû뵽õˣƵĿռ;̶ʮ˵õֻͨһ·ҲûϣóʱùԼһû뵽˲ͽҹӵˡ
ҹӾôһϣûˣʱŭȫܣѾղȫһɫĻգ⻤һɣʱ͸оѹС˺ܶ࣬һһĿʼƶӣӺڹӳͼ֮󣬾ʹƶһƣȴһڹ֮ͲٶˣҪǽڹȡȻ䣬Ҳ취һ׶˰ɡ
ҹһһĽԼƶܿ͵˱Եʱļ٣һܳסˣ˷֮ض㣬ܿܳ嵽ĿĵءھȡС
ĿһƵռдܳһʱҲ֪Ǻá
ڣҹһŲڳһ̣һǼɵҶ棬ͳʬˣһתҪӴܣܳףȴ˲³ɫӲӶ类סһ
һ׵Ŵ˲佫͸һһ˿˿绹ϴܶ
ҹӼѵתɱⰻȻҶ档
㡭㡭ᡭû˵꣬Ӿһɣе
ҶۿʱһɵߡҶ磬ô
ˣҶ浭˵ͷҲˣ
ţ¶һ˿ЦݣҲҸ̫ͻȻˣЩӦ
ǺǣŸʲôȥӣҶײһ¡
ŶҶ汻ôһѣŷӦʱȥӻû棬ȻܳһϹ⣬һӰ˲һҹӶ𣬳ĿĵطɳȥһΪҹӸˣˣûӰˡ
ҶҲһ˲ܵ˹ߣôˣ
մܳһˣӶˣðŽ͵˵
Ҷ룬˵ò£϶һֱûԪɣȻǶ̵ְأʿǾģߵԶģΪߵʿЩСĽϼ޻ӣߵģĴ󲿷ֶò³γһǵһǣﻹһӣʱܿ϶ѡġ
˵ͷţҲãҾһŹȥˡ
Ҷ˵ͷȻһʧˡһӷɴܵĿĵء

ȵĴϣһʿͷܶʽȵѡ˵ʱˡ
վźܶΣ󲿷˲УһЩѪ㣬Щֱб̭ģǰһʿģǧУֻʣʮվﱻѡܶʿĿѡֻһ
ԪɲվţǵĶò绨ɵܿӡ
ܿ͹վŵʱһֱǺŵģĿû뿪ܿһֱ۾ȣǵһԵԪвϵðŭ
еȵӺǵıѡ˶վţˡڣеӣԼӷųȥԼĻˣûбѡسɹˡˣڿʼѡɡ
ҶվһߣԶԶĿŹܿӳ֮Ҷ濴ߵӣҲһ˿ЦݣԼϹ֮¡
ܿûԥͽӸ˹ʽܿĻˡ
ȵӶѡ֮ϡϡȻܶ˶⣬Ҳ޿κΡ
֮ȸ߲л˴䣬ӭµĻˡ
ܿҶǰĿŶҶ棬мѵ˵磬û㣬Һܿûн죬Һܿһݣ˵˾Ҫйݴ
ҶæЦŽס˵ֵܣҲ˭úõĺܿһ𣬰ƴҸˣҲˡ
ţ϶ģһ䰮ܿģҵˣܿͨ죬ϴҸЦ⡣
ʲô㣿Ҷʵ
Ҵܿ񷡣ΪĻˣӦýÿ䡣˵
Ҷ룬˵ڵȰһ£ҪܿȥòҪ췱򣬶Ҿꡣ
һЩ棬ĿҶ档
ҴõϢ񷼴һƬУܿͻоޱˣҲһȷѪιҪСģⳡȷѪҶҪһܣοǣҶû˵Ѫпħˣȴ˵ĺء
ܿһۣȻ˵ãȻҶô˵ˣҺܿᾡص쵤ȥ
ţŶԣĿǰ񷶼̫ȶԺҲССģ
ţлл磡
һһܿͱȵĸ߲еȥˣϵʱҶҲ֤˹Ϊܿ˵һ̣͸ܿһЩҩͷ
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ִһ֮ҶȸˣΪڻԼؽء
ܿվȴǰ̨ϣҶ棬Ҷ磬Һܿн죬ָл֣һҲ֪ʲôʱټпգߴӡ
Ҷ뿪֮ԭΧ㽣Χ˼춼ûҵҶҲֻȥֱӵˣȵʱĹؿ㣬Ҷȥʱû⣬һ·ſٷɴܣܿ͵ΰǡ
ʱһķҶһ·֮󣬾͵ţûнȥΪѾ˰ˣõסһӣڶʱŵڰݷá
Ȼ㲻ʲôڣҲʮֳģڵؾһƬ֮ء
Ҷ浽ſڵʱ򣬿ſվʮλʿжӣ䲻ʮ˵á⿴ƾͲһҶͷȥֻɷдţڡ֡
Ҷߵſڵʱ򣬾ڵĵӿ첽Ҷ֮ʵʵѵкιɣ
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ãҽȥУһĸݣʿһ֣һơ
Ҷʿڣһ·ȣСԺԺԺ̳ȵȣת˺ð죬ڻͦƴֵģһһ㣬СһƺĸоһֱʿԹһת˺ܾãڵһС¥
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Ҷ棡
ãԵȣ˽ȥ֮󣬲þͳЦʦ˵ܾˣҶѽȥɣ
ãҶ˵ͷ׼ߣͻȻһٻӰһӸ¥߳Ҷһӡ
Ҷ棬þˣôҶ˵Ϲ˵Цݡ
ҶҲЦõˡ
˰֣ȻЦ߰ɣҸء
Ҷ˵ͷ룡
һ˸¥¥軹Ǻܼ򵥵ģһЩֻͲص鼮в֡Ҷֱ¥֮Ϳһ˶ϥڵذϣԶ̨ͤ¥ǡ
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㽣˵ͷҶѣؽѾǶˡ߰ɡ
Ҷ濴˿ϻӣ˵ã֪Щҩѵĳ͡
黺ҡҡͷʲôţ߰ɣؽͲҴδңڸؽǶӵʱãδָоˣΪľָоŽģΪ˶ҾͲˡ
Ҷһ㽣ô˵ʲôû֪¶㽣˵ǵء
Ҷ滺߹ȥߵ輸ϰڷŵİɫϻϣʱоһĸоɢݹһֵĵһҶȫë׶һ£Ҷ۾ȻɴˣȻһθ֮ؽԻһξ޴
ЩĳǳɫϻȥȻһһĽϻӳ鿪ڷŵĳ¶ݣҶڴġ
Ϊؽ񴫳УɫӣȴҲ˷Ƿһʲô˵ı仯ʵڴѡ
Ҷ鿪ϻʱ˫Ŀһ


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Ҷ濴һҫʰ쵣ʮֺÿҶͬʱоһĿѣĸоǱһֱ͸ӵĵȥҶоͷһû뵽ؽԼɢѾﵽ˿ֲĵزϤ֮ʶʩչǽʮֲֿ
Ҷ潫ؽӽϻȡʱоһʮϤĸоٴνӵ뻳ĸоС
ؽǰûжĲֻڽвһ۾һıʯȻɫǶģʵλҲʦƽߵĲΪÿһģʯǶʮҪãͱһ˴鱦ڲÿҲԣܴܲڴϰɣһѡطʧ֮󣬻ñʯôۿۣʦҵʵĵطñʯõķӣҪ˶Ҵʦơ
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߽׶ξǳ飬ʮ˵ãԶͷʱҲԶǱȥ齫Ը⣬ͻڷˡ
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ҶʯڵľʯϣһʯҶΧǵ°ҶߵĴʯͷΧһƬ峺Ĵˮ̶ʯĹâԵԻö
ʱҶڴʯͷϣȫ鲼ɫĹţһͬѪһĹâܳ޴ĴаϢϵĴɢľ鲼ҶȫҶͷ󺹣ͷðųɫȻڼת
£ҶڲϵĲޡħ䡷µĲǰҶɹĽħ䡷ӻ˵һٽ㣬ʱ䣬Ҷÿʱÿ̶оԼҪͻˣϵŬδͣ٣һһѭšħ䡷ĿھʱȫѾȵһٶȵĸ£ҲڼţҶȴûͣ٣һͣҲٴλǰ
ʱΧĿռҲܵ˳һĳɫħһ޴Ĳϼһ㣬Уʯжһ˿Ϣһ˻һĻһӾͻᷢҲħʮֲֿĵطꡢɱ¾ħճʯ
ҶȻ˫ۣͫһɫľ⡣
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Ҷȫһ˲ܳ޴ɫʯŷΧʯˮըҷĽ
ݡһҶӴʯͷϷȫһɫĹâƤ⣬ҲƤһ̽ŤƤüӲͬƤһ˫ɫ⣬һɫ粻ϵȻȫͬħһվ
ǡħ䡷һ
ҶоһܲϢʱȫһڴܶожſĸоȻָоЩˬҶܸоսĻʵʮַ񣬿ĸоҶֻڴķǳ߷ŭʱŻУھָоȻ⡶ħ䡷еǷ޴ġ
ģҶ潫ȫȴһĳɫâɢħҲƤͫ׺ͱҲħɢɢܿҶͱһˣղŵĸоȻܷ񣬵ȴ˷ܺͼָоκ˶Կܡ
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ˡħ䡷ĵһ㣬оĺôͱ仯֪ԺΪӻô᲻ǿ󣡡ҶЩڴš
ʯ߳ȥ
ٴǣһʱûʲôȻǻͿֲϴɱڰص顣
ȱԵĳϢϢֱ֮ӽС
ڵȻܲҶоһ鷳Щ޸Ķ֣ȴһ֪ĳ˹
Ҷһ·˰ʱ䣬ɱʮֻޣҶҲо˺ǰĲɱޣһһɱܿҶ͵ȵĵشﵽǴƬƬĻ֣ʱһЩСҴܡ
ǰƣڵҶ˵ȴʲô
ߣΪǽǽмΪһ֣ǵо񷶼ǰģϾܿǵһЩҶ涼̫ţǲս⿪ǽãܰǽ˼žȣΪȾ˵ܣҵһЩĽǽİ취

Ҷ˼ţͻȻһĲҽдбͬʱҲʼ𽥶ƺʲôȻˡ
Ҷʱһ㶣˱׷ɱˣù飬Ҫ㿪ʱȴ˷һӴܣҶ֮ҲûܹʱҶŭȻҪ޻ʿӵľˣһҪܿ
ȴʱһ㶡
ΪЩ˺棬һǿĻ˲ܳ޴ϵĴܶһǿĻִܳʱûΧɭֱµȼ޴һķӿ涼һѿӡ
ʲôҶ汻ˣû뵽׷˵ǿѾһ޵ķˡ
ۿҶվţʱ󺰣Ҷ濴˻˺ѪҲ̶á
ۿ˻ҪܹҶһʹܵһ䣬˻˻һǻһ˻Ȼ˲һܣʱеһһҧУȻ̽˸Уһʱ̱ˡ
˻˻߳һ֮һ˻ȻҶ˹Ҷһ㶡
ǻٶ죬˲ͳҶҧҶʱһŭ˳ؽʣһǿӿ׵ת˲ͻǻ˹ȥҲ³ҽһ
˲䣬ҽײһ𣬡ءһҽˮ״ɢ䣬ըڵ֮ʱȼܴ𣬻ԵĶħһʱΧɭˡ
ǻһ˻ȻһŤ޴β;˲ɨȻЯš쬡Ĵ̶˲Ҷ׼˫Ͼ޴һʩչ׾̤ź¡¡ľʹܵһߣ㿪˻ߵ׷
ǻ˲䷢ȼžһβɭɨҶһתʱΧɭһɨһƬҵǵϯԭɭ˲ͬС޾ŵĴܣ޴Ļȼźֱʡ
ǻ߾޴βͲϵĳҶ棬Ҷ׾̤һ׵ڿҴܣΪٶ죬ÿζܿܿߵĹһһ߾˰ʱ䣬ԶʮɭѾȫһƬǽ壬Ũ̻нڵر鲼
ǻɨ˰СʱڶٻҶȫת˾ĲߵĹͣץסᣬһͱܿߵβͶܵǰҶ濴ž޴ĻͣʱĿһ䣬ȫתһ㺮˲串˫ۣ˫һϣͬʱ߶ȫ˲ˮԪ޴ӿ̾Ҷǰγһ޴ı
𡱵һ˲䱬ĺϴܶ޴ӿ֮ʱһǿıͬХ˲͹˻ߵȻ̱ҽȫĻҽһӽ١
˻˻ǻ߱һľʹ˻ȻȻһŤ̽һš
Ҷһ֮ӿһһһطȻ編ƣ޴ıϵĳ嶯߸ǰұըʱΧĿռ䶼
ǻβŸоҶȫԭȼյĻܿϨ˲٣֪ԼҶĶ֣ݵһβڿнҶˣȻһͳĵطܻȥ
Ҷ汾Ҳû߼ƽϣˣ㲻׷ϣڵϡ
ڵϣԭȱ׷ҴܵʿܵҶǰͷͰݿˡҶ濴˻ã˲ᣬʵǸʲôôߣ
ȫãëˣȻо£ɫ԰ףһŷӦǰʵǱڵʿ
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Сţǰûһߴһ˵֮Ѱ󷨴Уȴһɽȣɽ濴ҵ˵ͼϱעĵص㣬ȥ֮ߣ߿ǽ㿪ʼһ·ҺǰҪȻҲˡ
ҶһʱȤˣʲôУ
ǰ֪𣿰ǰʿУʢĸ󷨵ĴУҲ˵󷨵ڣʢѾһǰʧˣܶŶңûҵǱڵżȻõһžС֮ȴһͼӵͼʹõĹͱעпУźķ˼һðգû뵽òҵص㣬ȴ߷֣ʧءʿֵ˵ǰʵǿûǰǾˡ
ҶҲ˵飬Ȥ˵ǽ󣬿ɲⶫû뵽ȻȺˣ̤Ьٴȫѹ򡣡ڻǸͼ𣿡
ҡҡͷǵͼڸѾ߳ˣһǵȥ·ߣǰȱҪȥҿԴͣǰȥſҾ͵ûȥˡ
Ҷ룬ǻߵʵȻǿ󣬵ǵסǶߣֻҪ࣬ԾɿԽȥһĻԵܷãǰ·
ţ˵˵ͷȻʼҶ泯ȵȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 383Ѫпħ
ס췱ȵȵطбȽĵļ򣬶Щ֮⣬ŴЩ˾סΪϡʺЩҲ򡱡
췱ǧ֮ңĵطһʮ򣬵ٷ֮ʮŵûʣµİٷ֮һеİٷ֮ʮȫֵֹ޺͹ûεӰ١
ЩУɢżдʿкǾһʿס
ɫظţɫؾѪȾһϼûʲôųɫжͷ籩ѵķ籩罻һͨµʿ˲䱻˺ѳƬ˾סļطҲڴɽһĴ󣬵ֿŷķ籩ӵĻսѵĴš
֮Բȥ췱ȼԣĵطΪǱģʿѾ˺ʹ󲿷౳۵ķ򡪡ħ
ǵģסںǵʿħʿǴǧǰһս֮󣬴ʿʹżҾһ˻򣬲ﶨӣŶӵĻӲдҪʳˮԴÿ춼Ҫʿϲɼ֮ڵּʹʿԸֿ񣬷񣬳ҲôÿֲڵĿǳªġ
Щʿ֧ţû߼ʮ꣬Ǿ֯һʿۼȥȻЩûжǿʿ򣬽ȥɱӣʣʿʮֽթɱ˾ӣʿʱʹܵûӰˣʿʮͷۣ꣬ЩûǿʿѾǮͷǿİȫüħʿ֮ңȥȴʧأʹħʿԽѣÿ궼вħʿܳȥħУڻûܵģҪѾϰħȥ϶ɱҪͨĴħͷЩûѡֻܼħ·ȥ
ںǵһĳɫɽУһǣкǣǺĳУҲΨһԳǵĵط
һ죬ɫķ籩ľ裬ɫضܵĳ籩ɽȣһŭûʿҵ߶
سǵʿȴ˾һĻ
ںɫķ籩УһӰ߶źǵķ
ʿΧ籩ľӿǿŷ籩ǺХһϯأʿȴϵڷ籩ߣȫӣȲѣʱ˶Χ׷۷׷ףûʿˣȻںҲдħͷһ㣬ȫҲûţԶᱻһָ߳ľ磬治һħͷܴﵽġ
ȵʿ߽ˣ˲ſƺһߣһĺۣī֭һ۱ϴųɫĹš
ʿߵǸǰȻһĳų˾ķ֣ԭڳĴסȫҫɫĹâȻһӴ߽
죬ȥʿӳʱӦһݲ˽ʵΣյ顣
ʿһųųȥܶΪ˿ϡ棬ҲһֵʿȺ˳ȥʱͷĸǰͷҲ֣ǳ㲻ˡ
˴ߣҰ׵ͷݣһͨͷһ
㣬ʲôˣӳͷ
ͷһȺЩŵʿЦǣģҲʿǳġ
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㣬˵ʲôˣǲͨӳ˵Ҳ飬ϵ˵
ͷһ룬Ҷ֪˭ˡɣҲΪѣǳ˫ˡ
Щʿһ㶣˫ˣʲô
ȥɣСޣұ֤һͨġͷ˵žߣҲûЩˣЩ赲ӳֻһ˿ȥͨˡ
ͷһԽ˳ͷųȥǾסʮʿԶ£ħһЩĴ˵̻к֮ܶ࣬ߵʿħʿҲСڣʿעشţȻĺɢңħ̵ĸоֻʵǻߵĲë֮أ˽ܶשòϣŴճԵĺɫɵģﲻ꣬Щ͵סꡣ
ͷ龰΢΢ĸ̾ħͽǣӦסĵطô꣬ˡ
ǲΧͷ˵ͷô˵ʱһĪ
ܿ죬ŵľܻˡͣãöѪпħ񣡣
˶ʱһ㶣ͷѪпħ
˻ûӦһɫӰ˲һܵͷǰʮָߴͷĺ췢߱ǴĿʮֿ࣬һɫۣ䲻
μˣһˣʱæΰݣܶ˼ȫǵĳħһֱǵĽҲһĴڣûûкǣʮҲͻ
ħͷ̹ݣμˣ
ͷһȥţҲˡ
ħʱЩ̾վ˵ǱߵʱҾһֱڹעˣձ仯Ҳȷϣȵŵ˵˫ˡĸֵʱҾȷˣæӭӣ˼¡
ţǺǡޡѪпħͷοĵ˵ͷ
ܿ죬ΧõϢ˶׷ӿֲҿ̫ǵһοô𾴵ĶԴһˣ˵Щȴȫ˴ʿĸֵʱѾȫˣܶ˲ɫ԰ˡ
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ʱȺȫˣܶ಻ҲŷѪпħĹԼٶ˳ܣ˶̾ôˡ
ȫǿ죡ħ̵Ƕˡ
ħѪпħǸۡߣһ·˸пǧ
ˣһǰ͵õ㸴ϢˣʱһֱңڵȵˡˣҲлˡĻɫϷһ˿˷ܣ˵Ҳ˺ü֡
ѪпħͷȻţһһߵȻ˵γżѾ֪ͨ˺üϲˣĻᣬԲҪܵĲ߻źá
ţȻˣǽȥ̸
ħѪпħͷһߵֱ֮ۡӽУ汻һ󱣻
˽֮ѪпħԭΪͿ̸ˣŷֻһȣħߵҵһ䣬гɫâһ򣬶ʱΧʮܵȻħѪпħͷˣߣ
ǺǣŪͦãѪпħͷںħ֮󣬳һܵȥܵܳҾȻŵͨȥ˷ɳһ·ܿ͵һƬҽռУѪпħطǺǵġ
˵֮أҶδֹͣԴʧ֮Ҿһֻڷ˼ó˼ƻЩ⣬⻹ǵΪǧҶǴħָҽĿռ˵
Ѫпħط˵ͷħ㣬
ţħѪпħ֮󣬱㼱еʵˣǼʲôԴҽ˺֮⼸궼ûϵˣ˵һЩѾЩһˡ
Ѫпħһɫʯͷϣ˵ţȷʵмѾ鸽Щαˣ󲿷ֻǺõģǺܶһħʿľۼ㣬ħʿɹѹأҲһЩѡڻĵطʵЩҸϢðնѰңҲ跨ϵ⼸ˡ
ĿǰֹͣټһпŽȹ̹ϵ֮ͼչѪпħص˵֪֮ҳȻ϶һҾͶһȣڳȥһʵȥҲʲôһ׳ΪԷĿ꣬ħʽ΢ǲðڶǿ϶Ҳڼȴǳ֣ǵһٳȥǽķɾ裬Ͼǵ˺ܶ࣬󲿷ʵħˣҪԸǣҪˣķȴһֱҲǣȻͻɢǳʱ˶ڣҿԴһֲѪпħȻ˵˵Щʱͷ˲¶ָ㽭ɽ֮
ħѪпħļƻʱзŹ⣬ãͰ˵ļƻڼʲôƻ
һܸӴļƻĿǰɢеħʿֻһٲʵǿ󣬶Ҫļħͷڲ̫Ͼʵޣ٣ð죬Ҫħټɲ⣬µħ˲ţҪѰһЩõˣЩżԹ׺վͬһϣЩһѱ䣬в󡣡
ĿǰѾǼħͷˣǷֳ飬һټħɲϴδս֮ɢħʿټڶħ˲ţħۼѡ츳꣬ѰһЩ츳ߵɢޣЩ˼ѵֻҪЩ˼϶мΪ˺󱸾һоͶ˵ˡУѰһЩ־ʿ跨øְ취ħҪصעһܹɹǲʿѵļ⵶ˡѪпħ٩٩̸˵úħƵƵͷ
˵ļƻֻҪ϶ܳɹǧĳʵ̫ˡħѪпħķ̾˵
ѪпħҲһԼĹȥһȵĴսĸǿľӢ£ȴͶʮλ벽񼶱ʿΧһ˶ԷһսȫƴĴ򷨣һս֮ץסʣµĸȫɱˡħʧ
ǵȻҲʧˣҼȻҳǣΪܹٴλع飡Ѫпħҫһ˿ɫĹâһĳȡ
ΣˣΪϴʵ̫ΣʵѾʧˣħϣϴûܺһźźˡ
ţħҳϣΣʧˣѪпħ˵ͷʦְʦ֣ʮСˣҾ׹ħҲŹ㣡


ʮһ ۷֮· 384»ţ
ǱʿĴ£ҶŻµĺۼܿҵһɽȣɽΪأΧطŨ֣ܵΨɽͺͺģǱչһ
ǱڵʿҶ쵽˹ٺͶѻŲҶʯǰָ˵ǰҶ˵Ķⶴȥ󣬻ĳڣǻ߾Ǵӱĵط׷ǳģʱߵ·
Ҷվſڣоһɹ洵Ȼⶴ
ǰľ֮һҲˣʵ΢˲ǰˣֻǰˣǰͨһܴȥģԤףǰУʿǸм˵һͨȻһĺˣתˡ
ҶҲûˣϾּһҲûʲôô
ûгɣһͳŶ˽ȥ˶֮󣬿浽ǳʪʯƺبžûҶߵǽߣһ̦ȥĺۼȷһ˹ʯбȼһ˿ϣ
ҶչΣĳʯܶһѸٶ̵ʱھʹܵʯڲʱĿȳʪҶĸоԴ뵽ղŴһܵĻߣҶ̷ٶȣĿϾռС㶼ѡ
ٶ֮Խ¶ԽߣһȵϢʼӿռܳҶһϸСͻȻʹܽһƬĿռ䣬ҫŵâʯͷ壬ռҫĻ죬һȵϢΧһĿոܳҶվΧһռ䶼Ƿȵʯͷӵģһ֧ռ䣬һҽĺһɽ·һ
ʮȣҶ治ò˻⡣
ĸоΧвǿϢһĺؽһһܲؽĽϣʱ
ߣµĵ涼Ǿģ˵ǰҸ
ҽϵĺʯͷʱͻȻءһһӴĻߴҽɴܳ˻һȻҶȻһҽҶߴܳʱ׼ΪԷոҽҶͳдȥͬʱؽһӣһܼĵ˲ܳҫɫĹԣҽײһ𣬡ءһΧҽ䡣
ҶһʯͷϣǻȻͷ³ҽһ³üڣʱռҽĽҶٵҽҴܣͬʱؽ뷢ʵǿؽһӣÿζ޼ȫҪ׼ȻӴ󣬵ҶοȣûҶ棬Ҷ治ϵϮǻߵҽʯ򱬺ü
ǻۿ򲻹Ҷ棬ҽʱ䣬βһɨʱҽҽˮһҶǵȥͬʱһתʹܽҽҶ汻ЩҽƵ󵹷ɣһ޼ֵܳסҽȻ˺üβűܿ
֮ٿҽӣѾ˻ߵӰ
ĿһҶӻһӰ˲ܹҽӡ
ҽ֮ռ䶼ԵԽնҽӺܶ࣬ʱᱬͷʯͷҲʱźɫϢ壬ԶһƬȣҶ泤ʱڴð麹ʱžû·ˣ÷ɣɵʱʱʱҽܳҶüβС
ΣԽһƬҽʯصһƬҽƺռĵĵشںģһһ޴ĺɫʯͷɽҶվںߣʯͷɽϼпܴʲô
ؽ˫ܶ׼ʩչ׾̤ϷɣͻȻоʲôҶתû˵һؽ»صУͬʱĺĶӣȴһ෢µߣϲϸСĳߣסӡ
ҶһǰЩãȴԪȻڻ費ǳ˫ϲƵ߿ʮ֣Ҷʲôطĸо
Ǻˣ
ͷɫ죬˫Ŀ䶢Ҷ棬⻰㣡
Ҷһ㶣Һˣϵ£ȥȥ㣬Ϊʲô
ͷһҵĵ̣߾ߵģ
ߺߣǾͷϻ˵򣡡Ҷһ뵽ж赲û뵽Ǹͷ
˵һͳͷܹȥؽȻ׵磬һǵضȥ˲˵ͷĸǰͷû˵Ȼ˺һ˫һչͬӥһ䡱һһƬڵĳɫ˲ܳ׵ײһ𣬽֮Ȼ
ͷ׵絲ʱҶ洦ȥȴѾˣͷһ㶣ȻоͷһӰӣ̧ͷһȴҶؽѾ˲ͷͷһԭתһȦһ৵ܳʮףһת
Ҷһ棬ͷǹһ˿΢ЦܵĻͦ죡
ߣͷһƺߣȻ˫һչȻ棬ʱݡһһǿĹâ˲ʹӵܳգۼҶĽ±һ˲䳯Ҷ沿ȥ
Ҷ浥һģһ׵ɵĴ˲ǰǻʹһײҶʮף㿪ըĳ
ͷȻһȣ˫棬ȫҲͬʱͨĻ棬潫ȫ̶˫ϳɫ˲ưȻ󡰻һ˫۱ߣİڶڿռצ
ͷһ˫һ˦߳Ҷʹ˹ʵˣһӿ
ǻȻһ˻˹ҶһܿڵĻߣ廹ûܳԶһ߾Ȼ˹߽һʵǿҶ˶ܵϵĹ
Ҷ˫ϵ粻ϵҴܣȫѸڿк͵ϴܶĻߣͷٶȾˣʱȵܣҿٶȿ죬˫۹ٶȿ죡
𡱵һͷȫ汩ǣ˶ڻУͬʱֱٶȻڿռзĽ泯Ҷȥߵӿɳɶ̣仯䣬ҪʮѣҶ治ϵĶܣȴ鲻ʱ䷴ʱơ
߿裡ͷٴδ󺰣Ҷ趯˫ۣ˲һȦͬʱͬһҶ湥ϮһĴܹ
޴ĻѹҶ洭Ҷʱһ䣬ڱ˿͵ѹţҪʩչʲôȽѣֻͨըˡ
ҶЩһöͨըףڲõĻƱѹøңʵڲʡ
ݡһҶڶܻ߲ϽͬʱѸһһɫ賯ͷֱӷɴܹȥ
ͷһĲݻߣûעҶӳĶֱͨը׿Ҫϵʱ˲ʱһҪ˱ܣѾˣءһ죬ķΧγһգһɺɫ˲Ϳ
̶һ˲Ŀռ֮оǱѩһзӿ˲佫ͬ˳ɳһɢͷһ˲䱻Ϯըֱӷ졣
ءһը죬ʮ׷ΧڵĿռ䱻ըܼıѣʯ׷ɣ䣬̳󲿷ֿռ䶼ˡ
Ҷ洭ԶԶĿǵطһɣһͨըӦܰͷˡ
ȵ̳ɢȥҶȴͷһʯѵ˳ʱ˫۶ըûˣȫҲõģ˲ӡҶһ䣬û뵽һﾹȻͨը׵Ľըлǿ
𡫡ͷһҶע֮£˲ȫɫâǣȻζû˳УҶ˲оһǿϢﱬ˲ԤС
𡱵һǳɫâ˲ܳһͷĻţȻ˲䳯ҶܹҶ汻ðûӦⶫȻܻκ죬ֻ֮ԭΡ
ֱǻţѾ嵽ǰʱҶŷӦϽһſдȥţҶܵУ棬ȻͷҲתĳҽ˽ȥءһֱ˺ҽҴܡ
Ҷܿţļ棬زŷţȻѾܽ˺
Ҷ泤һţȻˣҲ׷ϾвҪ壬Ϣһ󣬱㻯һ׵磬˲ҽмʯͷɽȥ
ҽʮֹϵðŴݣҶڷɴܵʱĿ棬Ͼţ棬Ҫ͵ϮĻɾͲˡһ˺ʯɽϣһŷʯɽȴҽɵģȥȡ
Ҷһ·ɴܣܿ͵˶ˣһȴⶥ˹ͺͺģʲôûУֻһͺһƽСƽ̨Ҷվ˼ϾΧʲôûУƺܲѰ˵ﱾȻγɸܣǻţ߻һ϶Ѱ
ûżɽ˼
һҶͻȻоƨЩŹ֣Χʯͷȣȴֻ쬵ģҲȡ
æվͷϸ濴ȥ֪һһΪ±ƽϣŷϸĻƣֻΪǺɫģƺС̵һϸͺ׺ԡ
Ҷϸо󷨣˰죬ҵۣȻͳʯϣͬʱɴܵУâ˲ϣʯһ鶯ĹʣâˮһڴʯȻŷİ۲ϵĻܣܿ󼤻ʱ濴Ƿ󷱸ʮȻǶʮ޵״
ءһܳҧʹâͬƹһռ䣬ԭɫĿռʰ
Ҷû˿ԥһͳŵ淨ȥ˲佫ʵĹ⻪С
Ҷʱоһؿռһת֮󣬵ȵٴλָʱѾվһŵԲ״ռУƺҫľ幹ɣռĹʣ߰ߵĹâϵڿռܣʹռá
Ҷ濴ΧռѤͻȻһǻͷһʱˣû뵽ռĶ˾ȻһǺӲõӣǻ԰߰ߵڿռҫɫĹΧռ䣬֮£һյĿռ䡣
Ҷ泯мȥΧϾǸǺ޵ͼЩͼڻǻһռгǸ־ͼͼҶ濴죬ϸһŷǺܶ󶼲ùͼ
ȻУҶпϲ˰죬ڲҵУܶͼκĶйΪġ
ż飬ĴһԲ̨ȥ浽ǰ߰ߵǹ⣬Ҷһ̨̤׵ʱ̨׾Ȼתϸһŷһ̣ɵ֧ʮФӦţʱ̾ͿʼתҶ汻תҲ
һӣֱӷŶ˴ȥɵ˵ʱҶ濴һֵӣʲôûС
Ҷ淸ˣ֮ܵ󣬾ȻʲôûУ̫˽⣬Ȼ֪ƽ⡣
ôأ
ҶվڶˣĿ滺ת̨ס


ʮһ ۷֮· 385´и
ҶվڶˣΧʱɫЩѿ
ѹеƣ侲н취ֻûзֶѣôοԼȻ£һ۲Χһ˼Ž֮
һֱţϸΧۿΧϱõͼͬʱת̣һһӣȻҲͷͰǧǧһٿȫ飬ʲôⶼҲнİ취
ҶϽԺкǧ
ʲôˣǧزûӷֱʵҶóʱûоˡ
ҶЦһǰȷʵһѣǰʶ㣬϶ܰҽˡ
ǧһҲЦһϻ˵
Ҷ㽫һ·ͷҲǧǧ취
ǧһʱĬһӣȻſ˵ţⶫҵµʵһأֻж󷨶Ӧ˲ܽ⿪ǳӦɵ֧ҪһĶӦ̤ȥܽ⿪Χͼ̫ˣҲһǶӦ̵ͼ
Ҷһʱһϲ˵ţǾͺðˣÿǳͼһ鲻ͳˡ
Ϊô򵥣Ūһ궼ŪãҿҪĴ⿪ڿʼעһΧȻѡпܵǳͼӦ֮Ч
Ҷһ˵ͷţãͰǰ˵
ҶȻ󰤸ۿΧͼһеǳҶ濴۾ˣʵǿҲһܱȵϣܿڴССһٶͼУѡʮͼʵҲ֪ΪʲôѡʮͼƾֱЩԣʱֱԸȷ
Ҷ㿪ʼʮͼǳӦ̷ȣһһߵʮСģЩͼϵǳ࣬ҪӦʱı仯ʮַ鷳Ҷеʱ䣬˲ĵһš
һֱʱҶʮͼȴûܽ⿪ء
Ҷһʼʮһͼ߷СĲ϶Ӧͼһĳȥһ㣬һ϶˵ʱͻȻԭڻתȻֹͣˡ
ҶͷԤеβȶˡ

ͻȻϿʼ³Ȼٵķת̶̵һ˲֮ԭγɸ̨̺ܿƽ棬һɫĹâ̵һЩַ˻תӶӦϿʼ˵ǳҲʼͣͣȻеǳӦϵǳһɫĹâٵš
Ҷһһߣ³ʲô˵䣬ϵı仯ڴ˷ܽ֯
ءһ죬һ˲䣬ռȻܳһǿռ˲仯ҶоԼƺվһΧǳתǻԲá
ʱϣȻһĹţҶʱдϲŹŷٴȥǰʱֹͣһѾһɫ壬ɫĹﻺĴܶ
ߵǰʱЩٵı仯ͣܿһߵӰһƮƮ׵ͷͺ룬ܴͬһƯڿУĳļ塣
Ҷ濴ⶫоһֹӶǿ
ãİˣǲӰ˵
ҶҪӦȴ˼˵Ҳ֪ǲʿҲ֪ʲôʱˣҲ֪᲻ҸȥȻƽҵõ룬˵ʸõҵĶ
ǵģǵһ󷨴ʦҲноһ¸߶ȵˣԴΪ٣Ͼȡô̫ˣ˵ûгΪ֮ǰ޶ȵģڵڰɾһ̡
ڿҪʱһתۣ͸һ󷨴ǱԳɾ񣬶ǰ͸
ҿһ޴ЦҲ͸˴һ̣ҵҲߵ˾ͷôӡסҵԪ񣬵Ȼ֮ܳΪԪֻ֮ܳΪԪԪﴢеļ䣬ĸ⣬ڵȴһˣܼ̳ҵļˣȻҲܸˣϣһַʽ
ҿʵһΨ飬ԣİˣܲõеĴУܣϣܳһţҵȥŽսʤκš
Ҷ˵Ѿ趨õĻˣ˭һΡ
ˣվҵ·õҵĴУҵԼСԪǣסʹõϵҫӰ˵죬ֻʮʱ俼ǣ
Ҷһû˵ֱӴȥѾ˼ɲΪ˵õԲԥ
ʮȥ֮ӰȻʼϵУһŰɫͷתءһ޴˲仯ǵĹߣЩ߾¸ѩƬһΧҶ治ϵתһһĳܣܿͽҶ
ҶʱоһĸоȫÿëȥȻžٵһֱһҶԿܣܿ죬Ҷ͸оƬӿĴܹǷ籩һɨĴУ޴ѹܣżӿȡ
ܿ죬ԽԽȣͷҲʼҶͷʼˮһһεĺˮµΣܿռȫˮϵʹ̣Ҷ治ò壬ѩƬһĹ㲻ϵĳŴӿƬ⵶ĴвϵĽоʹˮһϮ
ҶܿͲ԰
һʱʱ䣬ʹֹͣҶ͸оһһһʹֱǷ˵ĥ
һйȥʱҶѾȫʪ͸ˣˮһأɫɲ԰ױ࣬ܶûоʹˣֱȽҪʹ࣬籩ֹͣʱҶȫһûˣֻŻ˯ȥ
Ҳ֪˯˶ã۾оȫһ䣬˸
ԺվΧһƬڵĿռ䣬ͼԴʧˣΨһʣµľīĺڰȻУæ˼ӸһתһɾʹʹҶһͳĲҽУæͣΪʱڴܽԵļ籩ʵ̫ˣԵҪܳһʱȫЩ䣬ЩҶԼĶ
Ҷ治Ҷӣ̽ȫҲĴˣԸæ˺üŵҩҩЧȫӳʱҶʱоһɹůĵž֫ٺů̹֮ɳڣȫڿٵĻָţҶһʮţŽʵָ֮ǰİٷ֮ʮ
ʱ΢΢붫еʹѾûǰôʹˡ
Ѱһҵ˸ռĴƵĴ󣬰ԭһУٴνҶ˳Ҷٴվҽĵĺʯɽ֮ʱҶŸоһ泩ĸооԼڶ˺ܶ䣬ЩܳأܳʵȴЩģ󲿷ֶֻܿģƬΣ˵Щ廹ûȫӦ
Ҷ滮һâȥ
أüһֻԶǸɫ·ͷֶסȥ·󣬻һ޴Ļ̾ᡣ
ţͷͻ߾ء
㻹ʧˣҿɲŹ㣡Ҷںܲ붯֣˾ܺá
ǻţͷû˵һĻ΢΢˻ӳǰһ㣬ȻǲҶƽˡ
ҶҲûĸǽѾõƴѾû֮ĻһͲͨãǼȻˣҾͲˣ˵ҶȻһһӰŻţͷͻߴܹȥ
ţͷͻ߿Ҷʱ̷ֿͷжһ泤ޣɫĻ趯һͷвԾͷ΢΢һ˦ǻ泤ޱֱӴ˹ڿлӰһı䣬˲ҶԴſڣһҽͺɫĶҶ˹
ҶؽȻһһ׵ͬǿһ㣬˲Ҷдܳһ˲ֲŻ泤޺ͻ³Ĺײءһ˲Ľ޴ӿΧռ䶼˾޴ĳ֮С
Ҷ֮û˿ͣؽ˲䱬ǧǿ׵磬Щ׵һԪؽѸڣһ˲֮ؽҫҫ۵ĹâЩâǺҹһյƣΧռ䶼
նҶһȣһҫŵΧͬʱܳ˲䣬ΪҶ˫ʩչؼȫǿռݣһǿռ𶯣ŵޱȣŻߺţͬʱܹȥ
ţû뵽Ҷ澹ȻͷųǿĹһʹ㿪û뵽ǼҲһת׷˲ûţһæȻǿĻ档
Щ˲ɻ̶֣̲һʱ䣬ǰʮ֣ͬʱŷֲϳʱһֿʼЩȴʮ׺ĴܹţͷһסһȻһ¿ӵϹһߣʱײڵϣ˸һ
ʱ⼸ŻߴܹȥߵʮӴ󣬶пŴ˵ŨĻԪЩ޿֣ŷɴҽ޴ҽͬһȥ
ءһըҽըȴûʲôӰ죬һײ˻ߵϣΪײõط߰ߴĵطʮһ˲ͽײɢˣҽʯɢһأǲһĻҲʱߡ
Ҷʤ׷ŻţȻȥûǰʱǻţ˲ӵϱܳͬʱΧռϱҽͻߵɢҵĲ֫ʱŭȻһףȻ˫۲档
ͬʱ˫ͫ˵Ĺţ޴ȫܶһɫԵĻһΧ˲䣬Χ׵һԲȦ˲γɣͬʱԲȦǿһɹ͵Ļܳ
ҶʱѾܵ˿УȻһХһͷ޴Ļϻ˲ǴԲȦܳҶ񱼣ڣҶ䣬Ȼɾ˲佫ǻϻɢЦⶫֽϻס򣬵մϻ֮Ȼֿһֻ
һֻһֻ࣬ͬ䣬Ҷһϻ֮ͬĻϻҶӿͬˮһϵĴܶҶһһܿ챻ϻΧһ㣬ʱҶԴһȦղСȻ˲Χ
ҶһһϻԽԽ࣬򶼴ꡣ
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Ҷ汻ͻΧһʱȻһ뵽һС
תڵˮԪܿ죬˫۾һصĺһϢ˲ϴܳͬʱγһܷĲϼ룬εİΧţһ˲¶½£Ȼٵ½ΧɢÿĻͻ
ҶϴηúԪ֮һԪ֮Ắͬʱñסһ̶ȵĿռ䡣ҶǰռȽСв̫ãղűһȺϻΧȺŹͻȻ£ת֮£ȻΧϻˣһϢԻ˵ʮڶϻ⺮ƵҴܣҿ
ǻţͷһʱŭһӣϻܵٻһ㣬һŤӾͳŻţͷܻܻ塣
ͷɫĿҶ棬Ҷ滺𸲸ȫĺһǿĺ
˶ţûж֡
ͻȻǻţͷȫɫĹâһȣ˲ͣһҶоһɹʼӿֳţͷ쳤巢޴ı仯ءһĳɫ·˲ըҶͫһԷϵһѪɫͼҫѪĹâӵͼ͸һɣظУҶоһѹ֡
𡫡ǻţͷٴαˣͬʱθߴһȦƤҲʼӲĸо˵ʵȴǰһأͬʱͷ­ݶ˾޴ı仯ţͷ­̶һ˲ͱֲַĹģȻĳֱ֮
ɣ㿴ţǱ֮ţͷɳƵͳǴһ
䣬ʱͷһٶĳҶһȭ޴ĳӭѹģҶһû뵽ţͷʵ˲ô࣬ûüӦԷѾ嵽ĸǰͬʱֱӳ֡
ڶԷһȭҪŵʱҶͬʱǿĶ׵˲˫ϣȫһ˲Űεض𣬿ܿ˻ţͷĹҶһڿһһлڵϡ
û뵽أǻţͷͳ˹ٶһ죬Ϣ޴󣬸ӷʯľʯҶϢ˹
ҶʱһŭٵһҲȥʱءһţͷҶȻһȭһŻž޴Ҷ˲תˮԪ˫ֱӸһ㺮ӭŻţͷȭͷȥ
ȭҶʱоһǿȭͷϴܳʱܵĳһᣬɴܶһӱײ˺ʯУʱʯҷɣ̳
Сӣǻţͷͬһ˵ĴһҶҳĴӴȥʤ׷
ءһҶӴһܳһˡ
ͷһȭͳҶӹȥҶͬʱתһɹǿžٵĳȫܣʱʵǣһȭɢܿ˾ʹһӾŽһһϵı޴Χĺʯͷըҷɣһ˴սдܳԭƽĿռ䱬ըХŭ֯ʮ׳ۡ
ͷҶһȭһȭײɨͬӰһԷ˵Ķܣһһǻһҽըҷռ˲䱻һƬǽ壬ͷʵڱ֮ҲǿҶӵǷǷһǰʱһֱǸǿȵļս
ֱʱ֮Ҷ汻һȭڵٴҳһӣͷڵϣȫС˲ϣȴײУɱ˺һ㣬ͨ죬ڣͬħ·һ
ߣҶͷһ档
Ҷһʯлȫ·Ҳòϵ˺ۺѪصͬһЩѵվڵϣŶͷôصһΣͷľȻ˲ʿ·Ӻʿͬʵȴ˵ǿ
Ҫһȼ˵Ļ֮󣬾ֱӴﵽ˾۷徳磬Ҳһ̤ͨͰ벽ٽ㣬ҲǵʮأʵΪֲ棬Ҳһŵĳϼȴ֪Ϊʲôн˿С
Ȼʼû뵽ʵôǿ󣬵һҲûѡΨһս
ߣСӣʿǲģʵǿҲȲҵıͷЦһ
Ҷ΢΢ͷз⣬ͻȻһЦ
ߣţ߿ҶЦʱоһ󷢺Цʲô
ЦԴ󣡡Ҷͳ˵ΪΪֻ𣡣
ǻţͷһҶ档
Ҷһȫ̴ɫħѪħѪһΧܶһ˾µĿħϢܳ޴ܣռһ˿ȸоҶͫ𽥱Ѫ졣
ţͷҶı仯ʱɫղŵ˲ʧΪףķΪϡ٣ʮǿһɹо޴ÿһֱһΨһͬľǿͷųͷߵõ
ҶѪɫͫףǻţͷ߬߬ȭͷ
Ҷһ˲佫ħ䡷ĵһתһһк˶Կ
һħܣ޴һһӿΧռ䶼ܵӰ죬ҶоԼһɹɿЩ˲ȫ뼫ȵ˷֮УǱܵõ˼ƺһս֮ڿӣӣҵľзδܣƺҵйķ
ʱҶҲ˱仯ƤļӲ𣬿ʮ㣬ϣ͸һȵļƣһΡĸɽǰһĲ
ţͷҶı仯ʱ𾪲ѣûоôٵƣӿ죬һ˿η֮⡣
ȵʱҶȴͻȻˣȫɫϢƤܣξһ˱һ˾Ȼһ˲͵ͷĸǰͬʱһȭֱӻ˳
ءһţͷûзӦͱһȭˣһͬʯͷһصҽҽ
ҶվҽߣŲðݺͺҽɱ⼫Ũ˲䵥һӣȻһǿĳɫڿ˲ըȻֱ׹ҽСءһʱҽըҷԭƽĺ˲䱻ըһӣҽӿϣҶ˲վڿС
˫۲ϵĳҽ磬ͬʱתܱȣ޴Ŵŷӿ𣬡ءءءĲϴҽУһҽ˳ӿȥ޴Яž޴ĳΧռ˲䱻ҽǣҽϲڡ
ڣǶĻţͷŭȻܳ˫ȭҶ޴ĴųĻųҶ䣬Ҷȫǿ磬Ͼ޴ܶۿǻţͷԼţҶҲڿвϵľ޴ըȫ̳ͻųˡ
ţͷ׼ʱҶһ𣬴һŨɳȰĳ࣬ȻһȭֱӺ߹ϣͷֱӳһʯ˽ȥײһӣͷûдзɳҶ˲ȥУ޴һһӿʯϵĺʯըҷɣ޴ʯͷмҽ
Ҷܽȥ֮һȭһȭȥɫ粻ϵƲըڶ
һٶȭ֮ҶͣʱͷҵĲˡ
Ҷһʹܵ˺ϵĵϣ
ͨһͷʯϻ䣬ҽ
ҶȫħҲһˮһȥ˫ͫеѪâҲʧָ
Ҷ滺˿Ѫɫ
һսʱԡħ䡷ģ˵ħ䡷˵ʱͻа벽ʵҶȴףǱ׼ֻǶӵһŵͨʿ˵ģ˵ҲֻҪﵽɫԺͰ벽񼶱ĸֶԿˣһʱ䣬ΧһƬǽ壬гš
õУҲˣ˿ֱӱչˣ㽵룬᲻չʱʵֱӾʹܵ벽񼶱أȷȴпܡ
һŶڴܳȥ
ºҶѾ뿪췱ʱ䣬Ҷ潫õҩʵõĵʯһЩҪƷЩƷ֧궼û⣬Ȼһɽн̴ŷµʱ䣬ȵһʱҶϵΪԸһЩȻһλµʦ
ʱҶ뿪췱򣬲ûлϣҶڣĿǰʵصںףû˷ٿҪ٣ʿܼȥһЩ̵ҪȫĶ࣬ûд㽫ϹѴһҪѡһģעչϹѶİвСȵչؽʱٻȥʱ⣬ҶûпǣഺϵһڵʿʿϹѣԼûлȥ
֮Ҷ漱ٳŻȵǰУͨһԾʽ˱ԵĻ
ھһഫ͵֮ҶһƬʮİܻߣûʲô֣ҶʱǸһȺزʿģ֮ͺЩ˷ֱѰһЩʺ
˵УʺʿסУֻвٷ֮һסˣûˣԭǶ෽ģ⣬һԭǾܼ̫Զˣܶħ޶ϲѡɱˣĺܶ˶뿪ԽԽ٣ԽԽ٣޺ħʿУʱӽӵʿΪʿҲǱţôǿЩΪг׷ɱͨ»زȥѵ
Ҷһʺסûô󲿷ֵطǻߵģʺע⣬Ҳϰ
зɴ֮ҶһɫԶһɫʯһ沼˰ɫĻƺɫڶǱȽƯġ־ͽǡ
УסԽ϶ǣʮСǣ˿ڴʮʿʮҲħ¾дԭзḻϡϽһЩϿűȽϡеҩʼʿǳſҩģ÷ܾסҲΪϻЩԴڣʹûб
ҶĻɫһȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 387
ϻʳ֮һһλڵĴʿѹ
ϻʳÿܴ󣬳ס˿ֻʮ򣬵óʿ̶ӺŲɹԴʿˣԵʮ֣ˡ
ϻʳֻÿʱػǵĴŻῪʱʿ룬ƽʱ򣬶ǽ䱸ɭϵġǵսʮƵ˺żħʿս⣬ҪϷĳֵս֮⣬ǳʿ֮ķɱ¾ͽӣܶξ㲻ħʿҲʮڽ̶ӺͱҪתͲЩؿϣҲ򶷡
ʱ֣ϻʳǵسʿ֪ͨѹʿʮλʿжӸϸǵľŸۣȻǹͬʩϻʳǵĴ󱻹رգһֻϻʳϿյĳɫĤɢʼðɫ壬ЩһЩȾ壬ƽڴʱǲͷųģֻڴرյİʱвܹرա
֮ǧʿʮСӣǵĸɴܳϻʳǵϿգκʿԦɽҪֻʵʵӳſڽ롣
ʱڳſڣȫװʿԴ󱻿صľҲųһľ䶢нʿúܶһʿŵɫ԰ס
ڳűϣվһȺ۵ʿЩʿʵձȽϸߣͨңһһ߿Ŵ˷ʰ쵵ķзɽʿһ졣
һɫۣ෢ʿʵϵ͵ʿ˹վʿߴк
ѣûᵽħɣһӣͷʿʵ
ţʱûСǻɫʿҡҡͷɹ˺ʿ𽥼٣֪Ϊʲô
ҵһʿͻȻ죬ѾһЩϢ˵ԴѪпħų֮ħʿ𽥲ϮʿȽٵ׵壬ǳ˺üΣûǣǵɱ̶ӣʹú̶ܶʧأ˲ò˵ƫԶɹļƻˣ
ţԭˣҸоֵѪпħҲнʱˣȴûʲôЩӵħʿ֪ҲһЩħСආĴڣЩ˽ҿܵѪпħʹǳƤ죬Ѫпħ˷ˣļħͷûһģ֪ѪпħʲôУջʿֵ˵
˭֪أҲǳ֮ٹɱɱӣа˰ɣʿϷʵ˵
˷׷״ЦѪпħаҶŹʺˣһʿЦʿ׷׵ͷ
Ȼڳ¶ŵһֻͨɫȻŭһӵվ
ʿһ׷վǽͷ¿Ϊͨɫ޾ޣѵ֮󣬿ᵽħʿϵħԤ޶ǵʿһͨ𣬳ͷϵʿ׷׷ɵϣޱȣЩǵʿп϶ħҲħʿ
ʱҶȺЩֵĿǾޣǾ޶һ֮ͻȻܻȥ˯ˡ
ʮʿٳҶķʮʿΧм䡣
𶯣ϻʳǵʿȺ˴󺰣ҶЩ˱ʵʵվš
ڻû׵׷ʲôΪʲôǴһľ޻ᳯͶڶʿŵĿǡ
ʵ˵˭ħħʿǻ쳤۵ʿгȷڵĻ棬ʵǵѾŵǵϢǰףǵԷһ·Ĺ£ǲݹֺݶпɵ˶Ҫ
ôһ˵ʱʿĲһ˵Լ޹ģһкܶ˱Լŵź˵ĳĳĳʿĹϵûվ
ʿʵֻŻŻ˶ѣû˳ʹ˸ɫ
֮ϻʳǵʿбһ˻ȥһʿ˹һСɫԲ̣һһʿͻʿ̸˼䣬Ȼֿ˿ҶһȺˣʼԲȺһһɨ衣
Ҷ濴ʱЩƣʿĻȻħ˾ˡû뵽רųħľʲôûѾһΣˣʼδġ
ҶҲνΪϤһΧȻھ˽ѡʵģܽҲνЩҪҲ⣬ڵʵûкͨʮصΪβסġ
ʿɫԲ̰ԣܿ͵Ҷĸǰ
ַģһʿ˵
Ҷ滺Ľְ棬һֻ־Ѿ׼ؽˡ
֮ɫԲȴû˿仯Ȼʿһۣû˵ߵһ˸ǰŲˡҶ浹һ㶣Ϊⲻһսû뵽ɫԲȴûзħ
ѵˣҶţͻȻҲ˼֮ⶫûвԳħΪġħ䡷ڳ׶Σħʱʱԭô޿Ҳŵζ֮һħɢֲˡ
Щʿ֮󣬾Ȼûзħʿʱһ϶ЩҲסмλʿЩǣЩ̲ʿѾʼˣһҪ浽ȥǸղűһû취֤ûħʿ޳⣬һʱֱ׳ˡϻʳسǵʿһæЩ˹ȥˣѾղŵʧƵ˲ˣЩҲбģԺСЬҲԲ˶ˡ
Ҷʿˡ
ϻʳ֮Ҷ濴ϻʳǵĽܸ࣬ߣԶһǸһţǵĶܸߣ⵹ҶЩ֣֪Щ֮ԽĺܸߣΪ˷㣬ƽסˣһħʿ֣ÿһܱһݣʿվսҲΪϻʳͬƣǳص¾б˶Կħʿǰء
ϻʳе˵ǲ࣬ʿÿһʵףҶȥƽˮƽҪǿܶ࣬Ȼսˣʿһæӣ·ҴңƺŽᣬȫǳȺ飬ҲѲߵʿƺʱ׼ս
Ҷһӣ㵽һӻǰ߽ȥ֮󣬿һ΢ֵĵæת˵٣ҲæĺܣҶһ߰ĵȴһӣһܹ
͹ٲ˼ˣæе͹ٺǻƿܻ飬ü͸һΪͨһصʵЦ˵
Ҷ˰֣˵޷ҹͫ˽һ
Ŷǿ͹Ҫһʯͨͫ򣬻һǧʯĸ߼ͫ򣬻ǧʯľͫ򣿡ǻ˵
Ҷֱ˵Ҫߵģ
ϣһ˵һתʹܽ˿ⷿһȡһͫ򼱴ҴҵĹȻҶ棬͹٣Ǿͫ򣡡
Ҷ˵ͷʮƷʯϣȻͫǰһɫĹâܣҶʱ˽⵽ĺܶϢһЩţѼʿĿɿϢһЩصϢҲв٣ЩϢȫȥ̽ˡȽϸıעһЩħʿֲ޵״Ҷ֪ЩϢǺķ˲ʿŵģЩϢ̶ӵĲɹ·߾˺ܶΣա
Ҷ濴ͫ򣬱㽫佻˻ơ
͹ٻҪʲô񣿡ǻʵ
ûˣҶ˵ͷȻߡ
͹ߣǻ˵
Ҷӻһ¥һߺ裬һϢϻʳǵһ·һ̶ӹģϧ·̶Ӿ˷籩ʧСϮʧأ̶ӲһСפҶҲٸǣϾĿ̫·ߣһ˳ϻʳǰˣһ·Ҳ޴ķ籩ޣлٵģСˡ
һ·Ҷ治ò̾˵صɽˮҲΨܿһӡ
ţΧϢʿڲϵƣв˶̸ѪпħѪпħճʱ񷵽һʱĻ̻̣һĹȥȴֳһЩħСӳٸƵ⣬ûзκ飬Դҽ˵ˡ
Щ˵ѪпħͻȻһȺϻʳǵĹٲʿЩʿΧܶ˵Ŀ⣬ͷһʿҿ˿Ȼ˵ڴӶҲֻ֣˲ŽСϵõҪϢҪҶע⣡˵ţһʱһ渡յ͸Բ֣Ҳϵ
ˮʾһ㶣ָʾܹһֻзΪҪʱŻá
ܿΧȥֻдͨ棺߱
ǹͨ棬˵ΪʿΪʿǵ޵ԣҲΪ˼ǿʿ֮ϵش˾ٰٰͬ죬ȰΪλȻΪλܾ֮
ǶǰһͨȫνǰǧԵĸߵȼƷҩöǰһǧ˵ҩ⣬Եõ벽ԴķֻԽߣԽ࣬˾ǰһѡûʿӹܵΪԼعϽǰʮԳΪ벽ĵմӣҿԽռͬʱָ
ĽʱÿʿסˣǼƾ˵Ľ⣬Ҫǳһս񷣬ҿԳΪ벽ĵմӣҫ澪һܳΪǰʮ̾Ϳ۷ȼˣ¾ǺܶͲסˡ
ҶֵʱûʲôǷĽʱ࣬ô벽ĴɣҪȻôгΪ벽մӵʵǴֱʰ
ʱôĽˣ⽱ģαȥչֻҪһ·ͿԵõҩа벽ָ
Ҷǧָжָ㣬ָֻѣһ벽վ߸ôǿ϶°빦ˡ
Ҿ벽ĵմֻһͷܽܿռض˷飬Բð벽ֵָ㣬ܽؾҲʵؾȻΪĽǱϾʮĵط϶һ㡣
Ҷ濴ЩҲͺܶʿһˡ
⡰ˮʾ棬жĸʾ˵˶ⳡã֮ǵĹٷḳ̌ϻʳǵıһܺĹ㳡ϾУھͿԵ㱨ˡ
Ҷ滹ڿǵʱΧʿѾвֱӴӾ¥Ϸɳȥˡ
Ҷһ˼һ£뵽ԼĿǰʵȻ۾


ʮһ ۷֮· 388·ƽε
Ҷ˾֮Ԥϵʱܹȥض˼ˣûżȺһ裬ϻʳǶϼ죬ȵʱȥ
ʱ¥˴һ룬ֻʣʮţ۸ղ˾ȵģܺ䶯ĳһ˵ĭɡ
Ҷһֻڿλãϵķɫͬɫõ廨һ磬ʮ׳ˡҲҶϲģÿεһܿصķ羰ϰףҶõĻ϶дһݾ˵ĺƪ
ҶϹѣ΢΢̾˿
ͻȻ¥´һͽŲţॵ˲¥˵Ŀ⡣
ҶҲתͷȥȴһ»Ĺҡӻ⹫ӳӢóӦúܲӣһһۣƳ䣬ʵǷ
׳ǣֽŵˣһһʮĺ꣬ƤڣĿѪãкܶ౻޴ĺۼ۵ķŭһǣŵȴһŮŮֻʮ꣬㿡üĿһʮӣȫͬãϱ޴ĺۼأŮɫ԰ʹ࣬ǣţĵĸں档
⼸һ˶ʱ棬ű㿪ʼ۷׷ס
ʶ⹫ӵ˷׷ĴкûиѯʺŮǹӺܿ⣬ָźŮ˵Сܲӭ档
ŹӵŭĿӣŮȫһ
˷׸ŴЦһĿеŮϴתû˭ŮǹǣŮȻһŮǰײײߣ㵹أȻйаЦŽһӱߣҲǣ
ӿŮһֹֻסŮ°ͣЦһ˶Цһ
Ů߷ߵĿŹӣ۾ޣžһŮȻһȣһİơ
㣡ʱŭҪ͹ƴȴȻһȻһ̤ڵסŮ״
˿ⳡʱЦ
øŶǹӶʱģ˵
ôˣһ鼦ȡ˵žͰһ鼦ӵŮĸǰѧһſųԣ
ŮżȣΪһɫĴ󺺶һţʱӣϲʹࡣŮʧ֡
Բԣǹһ˿аЦ
Ůһ£촽ķӣ콫ȿţ৵ľ
ӶʱЦʱΧˣǿҵ̵ô԰ɣħͷŮҵһ常˿϶Ҳˣ
˷׷׸ŴЦǹӵз
վ׼̣ءһһŻֱӴͷϣ˭
ߵĺۺʿ˲һߣĵ˹ӵǰ
ͷһʱŭ˭Ҵӣˣ
ΧʳһҲɫһ䣬ɵĿΧΪ⻨׷ɵĺףƾշɹһնʱùӳΧʳһһɨȥڽĿ˱ȲҶϣΪҶǰһ̻ס
վմ㳯Ҷ߹ȥʣȴҶÿӼһŻףȻ˲һǻ׹Ļһߣֱ㶵ľʹ˹ӵϡ
ǹӱֱ
ۺ˲͵˹ӸǰۿҶ档
㣬ʲôˣҴңǹһˣϣ
ţ˵˵ͷһҶĸǰҶʱȻںȲ裬һһƳҶĹءһֱӴҶϣǰȴըˣҶԼû¡
һ㶣ȻٴγҶԴȥҶȻת˲ĳһɫ磬ۺ˴ʮͣ˻һۣȻǿҶʵף৵Ķ˷һֳֳһֳֳҶ˲
ǺʿгϽҫһѹֳֳʿϱһǿˮһ˲κıɫϢϴһ
ҶȴûκӹȰһʹܵ˸ǰͬʱƣһɹȵ˫ϴܳͬʱ޴һͨɴܣ˵ȥ
ͬʱȴҶƿ죬ءһֱˣȻһײǽϣǽײ̶ֱӷ˳ȥ
ʱ¥˶ˣһĿҶ档
ǹɫ࣬͸һ⣬һ𣬡˵Ȼӳµŵڿ˲ȼ̶ɫڵĳҶٶ죬Ҷ˲֣žž¾ͽɫ⽣ɣǹһʱָһ䣬˲ٴηһתҶٴ
ҶδϵⳤȻܵƣ˵ҲСƵİϷѣЦһһ죬˲佫⽣ס˫ӿһ˲˳Χռ伷ռȻءһͽ⽣ˣɫһء
ӶʱˣҶɫĳ߹ʱһĺˣһš㡣֪˭
Ҷһǰߣȫͷų޴ѹû˵
ңǳӣңͲ常ɱ㣿
ҶùĴ˵ıȻһ̧ҫ
ǹһҶҪ֣ʱָŮ˵㣬֪֮ʲô
ҶȻûĻеǸ򶼳Ĵħͷһ˫ŮҾϻʳΪУʿΪУ߳һԺûлͷˣҲŻ㣬˵Ŀɶʵ㣬㣬Ȱ֣ͣҪȻϻʳеʿŹģ
û˵꣬ͱҶһƴĴ˳ȥҽ˺Զ屻ֱӳϻʳǸĴȥꡱͻȻǹӱٴδУȫĳ鴤Ŵӿе
¥ŵģ˶Ҷ棬ҳ
Ҷ滺߻Ůһ󣬱㽫飬ͬҲ⿪ӣҸһЩָɫɲ԰׽ЩѪɫҶ˺Լһ
кŮûзӦղŷģϾ˵һѣʵҲһӵ顣
СϲˣҶ泯ѾСһСȫһȻ󼴿ȥ
˲֮ǿԣˣҴǳȥҶ浭˵ţһ裬Ȼ档
죬ƺʮּݵĿҶ档ǰ̫ˣǰΪͽɣҵϽǷǲűץסǰôķ϶۸
Ůһʼ֮ͻָ˹ǵ˵ǰǹȻãﵽʿǸ鷳²١
ҶͷԺ˵ȻתͷŮ˵ҼȻ֣Ȼ鷳鷳ܶ࣬ʲô鶼鷳ǵҹˣԼĴ㡣
šŮмĿҶ棬ĬһӣͻȻ˵ǰһкܶʿΧס㣬ͰǽȥɣǰﲻæҪ׸
Ҷ濴Ů˴ϻкøбģƾЩˣһǧҲסң
ŮҶ棬һĸм֮ɫ
֪ǰʲô֣ŮͻȻʵ
Ҷ棡Ҷû˿ֱ˵˳
ҽϣܵܽжơŮԼ͵ܵܣҶһֺܲ
̻֮ʵĳҶʵǼûˣ
̻ʣ˵Һͽ㱻ץѾˣ⼸챻ǲǴĥҲûúóʲô
ҶҡҡͷЩһ˵ʲôħʿûΪȴܵ˷ĥҿǲħʿ
Ůˣʱɫʧ
ʵҲ֪ĲԡŮЩھε˵
ʵħֱ֮ʮǣǿʱ´ȴ¾ħʿҿôɱ˶ѣαذԼ˵˸СҶ̾˿Ȼֿ˿ˣ˵Щǿ԰ɣ˴ǳȥ
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ҶŮӾ¥֮󣬾ֱţѾǿ׼ȻڻԼʵܴܲȥоȻʲôס
˸ߵӽſڵһʮ·ڣͱȻðʮʿΧסˣΪЩʿӵ洫˵ǳһħʿǱ룬ȳħͷһ˫ŮǼΪˣϻʳеʿԱž¥ǰȴûпҶŮֱһʿҶڳſڵʮ·Χס
Ҷ潫ϺͶƵȻؽ˲֣һؽҫ
ϣһʿһ󺰣ʮʿͬʱϵ³ҶܹҶԽһ̣Ȼһ˲һܳؽУͬʱһӣؽЩǶڽϵ˲䱬һ⣬Щ֮ЩԭҪʿ˲оʲôסˣͬʱһǿ˲ǵĲ̤һ㣬бҫһ˲ûս
Ҷؽһһܼžϱ죬˲佫ʿҷɡ
ƿҶ澹Ȼûô־ͽʮʿ˲ɣǳݣͨ죬˷ܲѡ
ߣҶ˺ܿ͵˳ſڣȻҶһرأҶ˸ȥѾڳһٶʿΪߵͲȣһҶŭĿӣʮ߰ͷֵĹҲ˳Ҷӡ
ŵĻʿһߵȼʿվǰ棬Ҷղŵĳ֣ѾˡȻҶʵɲ⣬ΪسʿְǲܷκһħʿһȻܽѾĨˣٷȥԺͲûˡ
ѿеĹͷҲҪУ
ϣʿһ󺰣ʮ͵ȼʿʮԷ󣬳ŶҶϽȥ
ȵһȥҶԸҶһƣȻһӭȥܿͱʮԷΧм䡣
ҶۿЩ󲻶ϵתһĥһЦһһȻһɫ׵磬׵˲仯һŴŶӿ˹ȥݡǷҶһмһȻײһ𣬶ʱը
Ҷ濴⹥ԷûСʱɫ֣
ݡû֣ΧʮͬʱһУ컨һӿҶһ޼˲ʩչ׵˲ҶΧʮ׵Ŀռ䣬ʮŵʱƣײһըҶΧ˲ͳһƬ֮ء
Ҷʱһŭͬʱתؽһɹ޼Ȼ󣬺ܼн֯һ
Ҷһ˲дܳȻһĹԷȻȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 389ϻʳ
ʮתһ
ҶȴһȻܳǷʿûüͱҶܵм䣬ؽȻһӣһ׵磬˲Χʿ󵹷ɳȥ
ͬʱҶҲٳһܣһ޼˲ΧռըʯɽԷҲ˲䱻Ҷ˻һ磬ʮѾҵĹԷһת׵ǷѩƬһ䣬˲ͽʮ˵ʮԷĴңڶʿҷɡ
һʱ䣬ʮͱƿˡ
ʿڶʿ𾪵ĿҶһֱֱֳֳͦΧһҲϵƲ
ϺͶƿҶվڵ֣ڶʿӣҲݲѡ
ҶЦһֳؽŶڶʿһ߹ȥ
˿Ҷʱȴʿŭһħʿɱ˷Ż޶ôܾ£ƴҲҪɱ˴ⲣ˵һһȻУҶȥ
ڶʿһҲ׷Ҷȥ
Ҷۿʿһ˲֣৵һһ׻߳ŻʿȥǻʿȻ˦֣г޻ƣһȵ˹ײһ𣬡ءһըѣһĳɢΧϵʯڿҷɡ
Ҷ֮û˿ĳɣ˲ʹԽײըĳת׾̤˲͵ǻʿĸǰȻû˿ɣһ־ͳʿĹȥĹȥͬʱȻâڣһɺĺؼ׾͸Ҷֱϣžһײ˻ʿϣһ˲亮һ㡣
ǻʿ󵹷ɣȫѸٸһ㺮ϵʱֱķѣҷɡ
ʱļʿҲһǿ˲Ҷ棬ҶһȭȻӳźҶһȭײ˲ͱƬ𻨣ͬʱҶһŷ߹ȥصʿϣͬʱؽȻһһʿܼĵþսҶѾˮˣһʱҽʮʿܶ໹ûü־ͱҶˡ
Ҷ˼ҪʿͷĿ֮ʣµСʿһҹҶתͷϺͶ֣˺ܿ쳯Ҷܹ
ҶɨһսͱըƬһͳųȥ
ϺͶſ׼ȥʱ
󵨿ͽһ˱ȣҶʱͷһоһɲСѹӱ˹
תͷȥֻһ⻪һһӰҶǰʮ״γɣҶһһϽɫۣ볤ͷϽڣ˫Ŀŭ⼫ȻʵǿĴ֣ĻӦϻʳǵĳ
Ҷʱɫ˵ʵʮְ磬ȻûкԵͷųԼѹҶеʶ˵ǿȻڿ˵߰ؾʿ϶û취˾صĴʿûôˡϻʳоڵʵ
ΪﵽأѾվͨʿ۷㼶һﵽʿͰص֮ÿصʿǿµĴڣһʮľУһ㶼һʮֳʿͱϻʳǵĳ
ҶʹվţĿгž޴ɱ⣬ҶΪ֮ҲЩȡȻأ˿ΧһƬʿܶҲϵĸ֣ôΧҶһ˾Ȼûס𾪡
˵ʲôŹ֣ϻʳоɡˣǺˣҾͲһɱùң
ߣȹܺӣҶȻ˵
ϻʳһһ㶣һתŲµʲô캦ˣʮ簮װû
˭ֻҪħʿϻʳңնϻʳ˳Ҷȵ˵ӻһźӰ˲ֳţڿлӰٴξۼʱѾܵҶĸǰһȭͺ˳
ҶȻƿϺͶƣҲ˲һӰһӾʹܵ˶Էǰͬʱȭءһȭʮȭײһ𣬱޴Ľײ˲ը˷ĩ
Ҷϻʳһʹܵ˿У˼ٳײһ𣬶ʱһڿб̻ͨһը¡¡սһ㡣
ҶȻתԪȻ˫ϵɫĹâһһ㺮͸ҶֱϣͬʱһϣҶźһȭϻʳһȭһɫĹâȭӣϻʳֱ˲䱻סʱ󾪣һ֮ܿȻתڵءһѾӵ첲ĺ顣
û뵽СϻʳаҲΪʲôܴùôʿˡԽսʵҲӦôǿɣսصľѾ嶥ˣСȴҶоƷȻϻʳ֪ҶĻͲˡ
СӱһҪҴ򣬻ԶϻʳԶĸյҶ棬дȡ
Ҷ浭ȻһЦǹһ˿Ц⡣
ϻʳһ䣬ȻȻһ֣һɾ޴ĳɫžʹֱƳĬĬļ̶ڿֵ̤ʮಽĲжʱʮɫĹţЩſٵܣȻɫĹâڿīˮһܿγһ޴Բ̣ϻʳվԲϡ
һ𣬶ʱԲɫԼԼ󳪡
Ҷʱɫһ䣬Ϊֱ̺ʮǿ赲붼û룬Ȼһһ⳯ϻʳȥͬʱؽȻһӣʱһҫ۵⣬ͬС̫һ
նҶһȣһŵǿ˲ͬʱЩǿ˲仯ŵһϻʳ˹ȥһ˲ó嵽ߡ
ʱϻʳʩ׶ΣȻۣ˫ֲöһʩչô꣬׼ʱſڣһ𣬡ءһһǿɫâͬʱǰʮ״޴İ뻡λֱ֣Χ棬ɫܲϢ
ءһײŵǿһײɫϣ϶ʱ۵ĹâŵҶʱһ⻤ҲĵĲ٣Ҷҧҧֳؽǻ˹ȥ
ءһֱӱҶû˿ͣϻʳһ
ȴδϵһҪԷʱϻʳٿȻ˫ۣΧȻһɳɫĹâ˲߱ʮǿ˲ͽҶ⵹ɡ
Ҷײϵķ֣ҺǿԲɲסˡ
ղŵĳֱһ籩һ㣬ʱϻʳΧǴԲðĳҶͲܿ
СӣɣϻʳһȣȻ˫ȻһϣȻ˫չͬʱȻ£¸¡֨ѽбһķͬʱ޴ѹҶ濴ɫĹ˲һֻ޴ĳɫˣͬʱǳɫĹֱҶ
˵ڻûгʱ򣬾Ѿʮ־ˣҶԼ϶ס㿪㿪һ˲䣬ȴоȫһһĸоԺҶϤָоΪָоǾ̴ԵĸоҲû뵽˾Ȼƾ̵Ĺ
һ˲걻̵Ҷһ˲̱ˡ
ۿǷ˳˹ʱд󼱣ͷʹѡ
ҪͷҶôȻʶĽؽǰؽϵһɫĹâǷϣ˶ʱȫɢڻѩһ
ɢʱѾ嵽ҶĸǰŹ˲ײҶ棬ءһҵıըҶ汻ըֱҵϣһĿӡ
ϻʳһ㶣û뵽ҶȻɫĹţǹſʮȻķˡ
һҪ鴦ԭ򣡡롣
׼ȥоҶϢڣ˵仹ûʱһ䣬˫ٴξȻȻҶҳĴһӣৡһһǿĳɫٴγɣһǿٴۡȥ˫һӣǷ˾ͳҶҳĴӳȥ
ڷ˿ҪײڴϵʱҶǿһӣſзɴܣմܳһ죬˾װ˵Ĵϣ޴ײ֮¾Ȼõ漤ˣһĴȥ˲ϻʳǵĽսʿ׷״ܳӱܡ
ҶҡҡλεվڷһʹȻҶ߶Щģˡȥ϶㲻ԷĹ˵Ҫ
Ҷҧҧˡ
Ѹʩչħ䡷ʱȫһѪɫ壬ЩǴһƤƾճ֣Χģͬһ
Ҷͫ׽죬һﷺģײսԭڵʹȥܶ࣬١ռҶʩչħ䡷ʱ¶Ť
ϻʳʱͫһħȻħˣ
һȻ˫ٴκ
Ҷתħ䡷ȫƤϵĹͣӲƤͬͭһ㡣
𣡡һȣҶȫڵϢϹͣӻһɫǾͳϻʳȥ
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˺Ҷ漱ٽӽҶȫһǿħ֣ȻؽȻ޴ɫâ˲嵽˷˵ĸǰɫâҫڷϵĵط˲ͱɢҶͬһöֶһܽ˷˵塣
һ˲䣬Ȼƿ͸˷˵壬ϻʳ
ϻʳʱһ㶣û뵽Ҷ澹Ȼӷ˵ܳһתҶؽɫâʱˡ
ʱ֣ҶʹܵǰȻ˫۳ؽһǵһת̶ȻһءһǸϻʳΧĳɫֱӱײɽһ
Ҷһ֣Ȼһڿһת˫һ¾͵ϻʳſڣءһ죬ϻʳŵڵϣһӡ
ҶһȻֳؽǴһŵ˲ܳӿȥʱ汬һ˷ɣ˲һһ˦ȥ֮Ҷû֣ͣٴʩչһȻһһһֱŴп񿳲
һǿͬ߳һӿȥϻʳըĴһͨը
һ˦һٶལҶųһվڿУȫѾˮ͸ˣŲסš
һٶལھŰٶȥҶͲŻܻѽը˼һƬϻʳǵĳǶ˷档
ҶͷһϺͶһߣܿ˱Ƭ
һͳȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 390ħϮ
Ҷߵ˸ǰǶƾ˹ǰ̫ˣ
ϿղŵսһͨһҰףڲһ
ǰղõħĹɣԭôƺʩչħһ˳
Ҷ˵ͷʵǲáħ䡷ֻȲѵʱá
Ҷ濴˿ţȻһЦ߰ɣ
ţͷԭܵʿ׷׺ˣǰȻҶǿסˡ
˻û߶Զһȡߣ
ҶüһʱоȣղôҵĴ֮£ϻʳûǵ͹˾ʿʵˡ£Ҷ潫ƺ
ҶתȥֻԶУϻʳʱѾȫòѪ߰ߣһȫɫĹ汬裬ͬӾĵħһҶ䡣
ңҽһɱ㣡ϻʳҶ棬лðɣû뵽ϻʳȻһصħ˴Ժ󴫳ȥ׶֮ˡ
ãղûɱ㣬ɱ㣡ҶҲһȣȫħȻ裬˲ͱɫħΧʵʵ
׼սʱͻȻһըͬ׺һʱϻʳһ
ҶϻʳͬʱһͷȥֻʱУҳĺɫۣϸһɫƣϸ߸ƮȴһӡѪɫħͷĳӡ
ϻʳʱͫһħ
ȫǵ˶һסˣ׷ͷ⾪˵һĻǳһħʿĲɿʱħĽʿȻˡ
ϻʳҶ棬ʱɫӲ㣬㾹ȻԮ
Ҷüë˵ɲҽеģûжϻʳ㵱Ĭˡ
ʱһȺ㶵˱һħʿϮ׼ս
һž޴ķŭһ˿־壬һ𴫱ϻʳǣһ˶һδӣ˶ˣһ˲֮ϻʳǶˣŮͯæŲ䣬ʿԵķѲʿѸٽӳųųȥ
ϻʳĿҶ棬˹ռǳأҲҪɱ㣡
Ҷ̾˿ϻʳ湻һģѾϮˣɱãɣҲ㣡
ءһ죬ϻʳһΣҶͷȥֻϣÿһ϶ʮʿͬתһһһϻʳǵĻǴײÿһײ޴ıը
ͬʱϣϵĽӷɳʿϻʳǹĿЩʿǧˡ
ƺϿⳡʱ۾һ
žϲļС
ϻʳǷ׷״ܹʿʱɫħʿѪˣƽħĽӶҲˣǧģһǧпǺüħʿġϻʳ鷳ˡ
㣡Ҷ濴ϻʳɫ԰׽Ӳһ
ϻʳҶ溰תͷҶ棬ɱһ
ʵ㣬Ҳħʿֻħѣ֮ԳִӣֻΪ۸ӣŲţú򣬵ȻģҲ㣬ҵʵɱңҶ֣ص˵
ϻʳҶô˵տʼһͦҶ˵֮ûзôҲǼˣôͷҶĻҲţϾҶ˺׽Ȼº֣Ҳûôɵ
ϻʳ˼һҶħʿĻڲõ˴󷴹ʱ򣬴ʱ˵ĻпŶȵģȻ˵˵ĻҲţҲ񶨡Ȼô˵ˣҿһеİ취߰ɣҪﲻҪİһС
ҶһҪģ˵ͷãУҴˣ
ϻʳ˿ĺӣʱһ£ħʿпΪ˺ӣǴӣҲԵãҶߣһ롣
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ҶһħʿɱѪŵģվڶԷĽǶһ룬ҲȷʵˣȻѾӣôܾء
ҿɲߣҲܽǵԣҴӴڳҶ˵
ϻʳɫЩ÷˳ȥѾˣû뵽һﾹȻôߣŭŭȴеʱΪ˾ˣΪҲһϲˡ
ãϻʳ˵һһʹܵģָսˡ
Ҷƺ϶Χǰǿ𣿵ǡ
ҶҡҡͷУǿ²ܳȥ
ΪʲôƲʵ
ΪһǳصҲϵϣҶ濴ͷһ˵ıըʿХЩص˵Ƿģڣǲµģⳡսˣٴǻȥ
ϿҶ棬ƺʲôȴܶ£˵ͷһǰģ
Ҷ΢΢һЦȻ˳ϻʳһȥۣܲӦòʲô⡣
˵˽棬һĶˣҶ뿴ħĴսʲô㽫㡣
Ҷվ¥ϻʳǣҲܿս
ʱЩħʿѾϻʳǵϿգɫĴһЩʿһ׷£ڿлһקŸɫβȺӣܿѾ鲼ϻʳǵϿˣʱϻʳڵʿĴУһӶʿϻʳǵÿ䣬Ҷ濴ٸάִתʿڲϵĴһһʯǺը
ħʿΪдţԽֻڴĽտʼʱҶ濴ħʿĹЩɢң˺㽥ڿγһսͣʩɫĴһ͸ĤÿħʿһϾҫһˮƣԷĹա
һֻСʱħʿϹƴ󣬶ڳʿԴ򣬲ʿվ¥湥кţ׵磬Уͬ籩һһ˹ȥħʿһ߹һ߶ܣвУСʱħʿʧȻĴ󡣵ȻҲ֮УϾħǴڹƣǴơ
ܿҶͷһЩߣʱϣɳһʿֻ࣬ʮŮҶȴоЩʵǿЩ˺ܿһһɫĹǵĴɣȻһ޴ԲӰϻʳǵϿգԲ̲ϵתһĥһݡĥ̡ϴܳһâǴ۵̫һٵĸϻʳǣһ˲䣬ϻʳ⿴ʲôֻܿҫ۵ɫǿ⣬ϻʳҲһƬɫĺ
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ʱϻʳǵʿЩԾĿⳡ棬еһѹֺͽŵ˶Ѽһ쳤˲գʱѾȫˣûо飬һδ֪Ŀ־С
ءһ죬ϻʳǵĴȻǿɫâӴѿķ϶ܳһǿľӿɫĹڵ֮˲ͱˣһǿĳ漴Χ֮ڵĽֱɨƽͬʱһ˲ϻʳе̣ʿĴӴܡ
һֱӳҶͶڵĽҶѾ˻һ⣬һš
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Ҷ˸ٵĴܵǽߵһȻűһǿɫâᴩϻʳǣʱоϻʳΣˡ
ܿ죬ͿܶʿϻʳǵĳɴܣƺһЩϻʳǵͨʿʵǿʿ򻹼ս
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һͬһϵĴд춯ϻʳҲʼϵĲܵƬˡ˵ĽŵĿգƺҪʲô춯ص飬ڴʱеɫâȻһգǴɫâħʿĵɫâ˲ʧ
ձɳγĵϣеĵɫеʵǳҲܿ
һ˲䣬ʲôûˡ
ֻб鲼յħʿʮʵǿħʿ
һ˲䣬ؼһƬžղŻææµµķϻʳʿ㶵ĿգЩάתʿﻹʯȴ˼Ŀάֵ˲ʧˣϻʳǾǱѹһ¶ħʿǰ
ҶҲЩ㶣ôһ˲ϻʳǵĴûˣħʿʲôĵʱһƣϻʳǵĩվˡ
ݡһһɫĹâһϷɳȻһ΢Цħͷ
һ죬ƺеˣħʿʱХųϻʳǳŷЦеŮ䱦ǽһ㣬˷ܵͳ塣
ϻʳеʿҲʼٴܶ޴ӿʱҶҲо˲Сѹ˵Ļ䡣
ܿ죬ħʿϻʳʿײһһʱ䣬ϻʳ׷һͳɢ޴ĳΧռ䶼޴ıըɢĻһؿɱ¾˲ϻʳǣħʿϻʳҴܣ˾ɱŮ׽ԲŹͬʱеֿĸֱӴݻ١
ϻʳ˲ͳһƬ
ʿΪȥӺħʿƴϻʳʿܶ࣬һħʿڵɱˣҲһɱۣȻʿΪƽˮƽȽϵͣռƣʮʿԸħ߰˸ܴƽ֣˲ûгҶһߵǳֳ˽ŵ̬ơ
ҶսʱͻȻڵĽΧһ죬Ҷ濴߰˸ʿһ߿ӴܣһȺħʿѸ׷Ȼһ׷һͷǿĹһǳɫâǺɫĻϢһХš
ءһһը˲Ҷ϶ڵĽſը˲佫ը˸󶴡
һħʿХ֮ƺҶ˵ĴڣͻȻ۷һźɫĹâһ߰˸ʿֱӶըĴ
ˣһͷӵħʿϲ˵
ҶüȻԱߵĶơʶЩ𣿡
ûûǲʶǡЩµĿȺˡ
죬ʲôñҪȻɱۣһª෢ǵʿгһΣҶȵ
С椳Ĳأһ棡һħʿϣ˵ʿʼ׷ЦҶһԭΪЩʿϺͶƵģû뵽Ȼ˵Щ
Сӣ㣡˷ʱ䣬ɱ㣡ǳ෢ǵʿҶûʱ
һʿʱŭˡϴ󣬸ʲôֱɱ


ʮһ ۷֮· 391ħΧ
ħʿҲ׷ŭˡ
ϣǺʿһȣгϱһ͵ĳɫâһħֱΧȫͬʱϢǣһǿҲ˫ͫó죬һ㡣
Ҷܸоʿʩչĺʩչħ䡷ʱƣȻʿħҪĶ࣬ƺϲ˲һǰ㣬ҶʿӦħҲ̫õ֡
һʹϣгɫĹâ˲䳤ȻһҶ˹ĻХ
Ҷ濴ʿǹһ˿΢ЦȻһȵĲʿܹһ˲䣬ܿʿеþȣΪҶ漸һϣӻǰһŹǰ塣
ħʿһ˲оһ飬һǿĵȻѸٵĳ֫ٺһľĸо˲鲼ȫ޴ӿģءһ˲䣬ֱ֫ӱڵϵʱѾѣѪĽ
Ҷڿһת˵ϡ
ʣµħʿһûо£ȫһɫ˫Ŀ죬ҶһӿҶη壬һɵͬһڿȻһܣȻ˲仯Ӱӣڿۻҵһһը̻һڿ˲ͣеħʿսȥͬʱ߷ֱܶӽЩʿ屻вһгΣ˲ͽЩʿ
ʱѪζҶۿ˿ȻһӣһȻܳڿ˲仯һһܣռʬյĻҷȻһͿտյˡ
Ҷ濴ϵЩ԰ףļ򣬵Ƕƺֳˣûʲô棬ԽĳҶ
ҶߵߣۿսʱϻʳѾɱ¾ըԶǴһһһ󣬾һϳ壬ܶʿһߴһȴܿʿʹ˳ҶȻ²͸Щڸʲôȴϻʳǻˡ
ջĿ⣬ٴҲûʲô˼ˣʶƺϣЩǼǵģҾʹȥ
šҵмǸġָм˵
Ҷ˵ͷãʹȥ
˵żƺϳһͳ۷ȥ
Ҷմܳȥã;ħʿСӿѸٳҶΧҶۿʿСӴܹͲ˲٣˫˲ܳһǿĵߣת˿׾̤ǷһһӰ˲ʹʿǰ˹ȥʱЩʿһ
Ҷٶֱм۶ȥ
ʱмϣվһȺʿΪϣǾԵľӢһȺУм۵ʿʮۣΪЩʿʵ۷壬վϵĵطҲͻġ
ѪѣҿǿץסλᣬϻʳֱӹˣһʿӣѾҳһŵϻʳǡ
ѪʿüĿĿ࣬ɵĴͷϣΪҲѾﵽ˾سڣʿ˵ҡҡͷҪĿǴһΪԺĴ󷴹׼ζӣھ͹ռռˣԺʿǣǳ˱Ŀǰϸǵ·ǣʿһЩӵҪԴɧźʹݻ٣ħȻòȥԴȴЩ˸õ̹˵Ǹ£
Ѫʿ˵׷׵ͷ
ħѾ˴󷴹ǰϦˣĿǰϵѹס򣬲СװʿжΪħڲǵĹЧһʿͷ˵
š̫϶µּĿǰѪпħ̫ٳ֣˵ƶġѪʿ˵Ѫпħ̫һҵȵĳͷ֮վˣҺúŬԺһܴȥ
˷׷׵ͷѪʿЩкܴһֶħʿһЩֻ޹ħ߸ɴǿʿֻǽħĴһ׳ƣ̱˶ѣʱúЩ˺Щ޳ţթʱһôĴܵʱ˭죬ֻûа취źЩ˺ΪħʿҪľǾЩϴħʤ롣
˷׷׶ħȡҪȨźܴϣ̸֮ʱͻȻһۼ⣬ʲôʿ
˷׷׿ȥֻһ׵âһħʿΧ׷֮£˹˶ʱһΪٶ˾ʵǿգۼ䣬˿˾Ѿ嵽Ǹǰ
СˣħȺ޶ʱŭ˲׷ó׼
ǺһЩҲʼ׷װڳ˶Կ̬
׼սʱѪʿͻȻһ֣סˡΪ˹ʿŵһ˫ŮΪҲӡ
Ҷ泯Ǵ۷ɴܵʱΧִܳһЩʿЩʿԭҪ֣ΪҪһսʱЩȴûжֱ֣Ӵۡ
Ȼһ͵۵ļװϣʱվŲһٸʿһΪףаؾؾ߰˸ʣµҲصʿ֣̳Ѫʿܹȥ
ֻͷ˿Ҷ棬һ룬ųȥ
Ѫʿϲһѱƣƶ㻹ţ̫ˣ㻹ţϵͷǣţʵ̫ˣ
Ѫʿһ˫ŮžۣʱΧʿҲ׷ɫһᣬҶԭĲҲ˺ܶࡣ
Ѫʿһ˫Ůļ֮ƽϢ֮Ҷ棬ǺˣʿΪʲôһ˫ŮͻҪԴҪ˱ʹˣ
Ҷһ˵ʱϴһ˿ЦӸɣ
Ѫʿ˶ƣƱ㽫Ҷ·ƽε˵˳˵Ҷʵǿ󣬺ϻʳһ֮Ҳ׷˵󻹲˵Ҷʩչħ϶Լơ
һʱоϲѡ
ԭҲұˣղŶе뺣Ѿһ˫Ů֮飬ѪӥһģѪʿʱм˵
Ҷ˰֣ˣȻħϻʳΪѾ־ĶŮҪ𵽵ףұȴħʿҲδκһħУԱҺħʿһ𡣡
Ҷһ˵ʱʿɫһ䣬΢΢⡣
Ѫӥȴû̫ķУǹЦȻô˵ħʿ͵ħô˵ҲӲһģ񷣬ħ޼м飬ΪҶȻûмħԺģħһƬ֮ƣǵѽ˻ħԵѵʵضճΪѲһ£
ҶҡҡͷԼͲЩŲԼκһɵġȰҲûãսһ˫ŮͻҵҲˣʹ˸ǣҶ˵žҪߣȴѪӥæס
ѪӥϿҵ˵Ϊһ˫ŮϧϻʳսĴұߣôܶԵ㣬ħصľǵˮ֮ӿȪ౨Ѿҵһ˫ŮһҪġ
Ҷ˰֡ҿϻʳӲǶų֣δرǡ
ѪӥһҶ壬緶ʱкøдħȱ˼룬һҪ˵ҶѵӢۣѪĳС֮ĶȾ֮ˣڴ񣬵ҪߣҾͲӦˡѾ㲻ҵĻرҲӦԶٷһߣαؼһʱۿħҪϻʳˣȹ֮ضҪһ칦磬ҵʱҪ֣ؽܵѸλֵʶԺħ߱谭
ҶҡҡͷҪƴǣȴѪӥʢסħʿҲ׷ǰȰ˵Ҷһ߲ˣͻȻϻʳΣڵϦѪӥж㲻ֹϻʳǱƵҲֹħ¾Ϊʿϻʳǵǧ˺£һ룬Ҳͣûмߡ
ҶǿӦ˶ʱһҶļΪƷи߽ࡣ
Ҷһۿħⳡʢ硣
ҶڴͷսϻʳѾȫ˻֮УǴը׷ԭֵĽ״̬ҲңֳħһߵľƣʿΧɱûɱģƴĳųķӴܣʱԽԽΧսʿҲʼܵΧսƺҪһ㡣
ħʿҲ׷ײϾǰʿ򣬰ϻʳǣûƿʵʱħʿ͵ͬڽӵһͲǣǽһСǣڰ·ɱ̶ӵȵȣЩС£ҲǽħĴۺһʵǿħӪһЩ߽ʿĴѵͨʿʹЩħʿʵ˹ϻʳǵʵûйƹڻϻʳʲô
˿սʶлè塣
һӣ˷׷ΪֻʿƴһսѣΪЩʵ֪ԼˣֻսΧսСΧѣҲһЩʿʲô𵽰ذֵܾá
һӣûж¾ߣѪӥսע⵽ܶħʿ嵽׷ɱ֮󣬾ûл㿴Ķ࣬ʱͫһʲôè塣
һӣߣǶһȥ˵ȷȥʿһԣҲ׷׳ɴܣϵʿһ·ɣʱʿƺƵĻֱ
һ·һ֧ħӢɢӴܵʿô־ɱˣڲʿѾƣܵľƣɱľƣ׷ħֻ֡
һʿܿͳ嵽˳ǰѪӥһ֣ʾͣ˱㶼˳ǰѾһƬϡ
ѪӥƺûʲôأʿЩŵĴܣкܶʿܳжӻɱħʿһħʿ׷ʿУȻ˲ʿЩħʿֱնɱЩʿ֮ûС
žͷ˲Сɵ㣬⹬Χ϶ʲôɵĶ
ҶҲվȺУ⿴ûʲô仯ĹղҲһĻЩħʿȥ֮ͼû˻ֱ֮ӱնɱ
ѪӥΧʱһ䣬ϻʳʲôܣǼȻҹһܹƣ
źһ֡һħʿûеõ֮ǰҪ׷;ҲԷǹб죡
ܿ췢ȥħʿõ֮󣬱ʶе⣬սȫΧһЩʿҲԽ˻ܻسܿΧսˣʿ׷׶˳ħʿҲ׷׳ۼܿ۳һƬϵµĽΧ


ʮһ ۷֮· 392·ҧһ
ܿ죬˫սֹͣˡ
ħ˽Χ˸ʵʵϿղʱŽӷеħʿվһħ֣Ѫӥº͹ڵʿӡ
ѪѣϻʳӦ涯ʲôֽšһħʿŹд˵
Ѫӥ˵ͷȻԺ˵ϼӽ䱸ΧͰҪκʿӳȥ
ǣʿ˵ͷѸٳȥ
ȻΧѾյһ˵ĳһ֣һΪڰϵģҽȥ̽̽·
˵һ߳ųһȥҲ߳ʿһŮʵΪڰϣһأҲѪӥ󣬳ųһȥʣµŵĿš
Ѫӥһ̨ףȻŶյģѪĹ㳡˶٣ȻŶΰĳ۽һ˿⡣
ߣһȣǹĴȥҲû˿η壬һɱⰻȻ
Ѫӥߵʮ׵ĵطͻȻһϸ΢ġ֨֨ǿŵһʱסŲҲͣסϸϸ̽ʲôԭʱͻȻŴһɼٶޱȣֱѪӥѪӥתȫҪܣһ˲䣬ȴȻо᲻ˣƺȫһһ˲˷˵塣
ʱ󾪣ˣ
ͬʱڻһģһӳһƣתܡͬʱ֧߰źХĳͬʱȻҲУ鼱ֻ֮תܡءһ˲ըɫĹ˿ǲ˿һǺͳĸǰ֯һɫĹۡļɫĹ˲佫ĳסͱͻƣѪӥǷ˹
ղŵĶʱ赲ȴ߸˶˳˵̨ϵʱ򣬾͸оһ˲ֻˣ׷ʩչЩɼȫ򱬡ͬʱħʿҲ׷׳֣Σա
Ҷ濴ЩǱܻʱо棬ǵһοĽƺʩչֲЩ治жء
ѪӥǾղŵһս׷˸ղΪʲôôħʿȥ֮һͱɵˣΪʩչȫһʧκʿҲ˷ˡ
˷׷׾һͷӶôȥ
һʿŭܵǰ棬ŭ𡣡Щ˸ӣֳ򣬶ʲô˼һȺ˸ӣ
ʱҲ˺ħˣǶͲ˼άˣڷǣ
˸ӣ˿Ӣۺúүүȫ㣡
ħˣֽүү㣡

һʱ䣬ɴ̱˶սħʿʿŲҲʱػ˵ĻԽԽҶʱü
Ѫӥһ֣ħͣ죬Ȼһߵǰ棬ȻһȣСţһ޴ͬһ˵ĴĹʱ涼ͣΪǶͰȫˣʵǣʿ类˶򣬶ʱھܽԮǣְ취ԸǣĲţǳ׺䶥˲佫Ϊƽأ
պ꣬Ȼʾݴʿصϣȥʾʾ
һʿٵĻصϣܿ죬۶ɫıĤ磬ܳһǾ޴ĵһڿ۱һ˲ͽ׵ڱˡ
¡¡һһɹǿĵ˲֣ȻȻһǿĵ˲佫ռ伷ռءһŵһ䣬˲佫ըһӣǿޱȣֱ֮һϻʳǣֱӺ϶ܽըɡ
Ǳ߶ʱĵġ
Ѫӥǹһ˿Ц֮ԲԸ׺䶥ֱӽɵΪôħʿǵΪɱˣкҪĿģΪϻʳǧ۵ĲƸؼʯͼԴˣԽЩץȥħɿϾħ٣ܶʱҪɻ˲ûжЩº֡
һ壬㹻ʿľݿ壬ȻҪͶֻҪͶһоͶǵġ
ҸʮӿǣֱͶǽΪƽأȻȫըĻҷ𣡡ѪӥЦſŶ澲ĵĹܸо˾޴ѹ
ʮѪӥһԶʮﶼ澲ĵġ
ţһͬʱеҲ滺ƶϵٵһɹɵʼγɡ
ҶͷЩصѪӥĴ󺰣ܲϣħôɣ˵ҲһˣֱӺըȥЩ˿϶һħɱ֮ݣ˳Ծò⣬ҪҪˣȻЩ˺׷ǹʣЩҲЩĲ̣ףħʿô࣬뿿һ˵ֹЩǾܵġ
ˣѪӥĹһû˿ء
ʱڳУһʿϻʳȴۣ׸òʩļƻ洫ŵ˵ħʿڵʱǱ׷ֹͣϻʳһôˣ
˵ŴһʿŴżҴȥ
壡ѪӥȻھĵĿеĻصʿǿǴƴˣбϲòһʿôֻܺƽˡ㲻ܵõҪıҲʿ̹ĻţħǧĿˣĸһЩҲӦһˡ
ģһ󺰣ʱѾ˷򣬾޴ٵۣһѾϵıڣĴ˵Ķ䣬ħʿʼȴΪ׺䶥õطˡ
ҶħҪƽ˵أ˵ûãҪ˵
һжһʱĴͻȻˡ
һȺʿϻʳĴ´Ӵ˳
Ѫӥ۾һߺߣΪӲͷڻǳͶˡ
ħ֮һҲΪЩͶģʱһɣһǾܷսƷˡҶ濴Щ˳иһЩô˵ҲʿһͶ϶ҪΪħʿеˣ֪˻ò
ħţһʿϻʳĴ£վ̨ϣԶһħʿϻʳһȡ
ħʿ׷һ㶣һĪǷˣôУѪӥ۾Ҳһ˿⡣
ǵǵҲ֮ϻʳһ˵
ħʿһʱһˣʲôħʿѾЩ˴ĳͷڹ꣬һҳЩ˾Ȼ˵ħ˵ҲĪѾŷˣ˵ЩɵĻ
ߺߣϻʳǷ˰ɣľɵӶܿ˵ʲôǵҲⲻǰ׳˵ĻѪӥԤеʲôһϻûб仯Ц˵
ħʿҲ׷׸ŴЦϻʳ϶ǳ˷ҩˣ˵ôĪȫ޸ݵĻѾɵǵϿգֻҪѪӥһ£еʿ̻ҷٲ֮أôֵ˵ЩȫǷ軰
ϻʳħ˵áҲشЦ
ЦʲôѪӥһϺȡ
ϻʳȻջĿ⣬ĿѪӥ˵Ҹ˵ղŵĻȻԼĸݵģΪǹϻʳǣɱ˲ʿǾӮˣЦ˽֪ϻʳвŶ𣿹Щħˣͷˣ֪ԼѾվ˵ģſڣֻҪһ£ǶҪһҷٲ֮أҪҲҪǵ汳
ħʿϻʳ˵ĻװŪʱһɫࡣ
ʲô˵αװŪѪӥŶЩϻʳ˵
ãҽ˵ħ֮˹ɱʿΧҵĹǵʱҲѾ֪̤޽ϻʳǵǰϻʳݲȵĿһħʿȻ˵ϻʳǵʷǧ꣬ϻʳǵħϴεķɱ¾УʱħɱΪңʿһϻʳΪܱȫȽϻôһŻ׼ｨһǳء
ʱϻʳǣϾħʿǿڽϻʳǵĹУȽһ棬ûбãΨһþԱ˲佫ϻʳǺͳκʿ죡Ҳķ󣬵ʱϻʳϵôһ죬֮ڴϽ˳ǳأȻڳһ󣬾ǸղŸолⷨ󣬿κο˷ȫޡǧǰǿʦɵģǲû
ϻʳһԱķ󣬾ͳϻʳеľݣܾˣһɱɱķʽ˵ˣΪʲô˵ǵǵҲǵֻҪе˶ܲˣϻʳϵħʿη˵
ħϻʳô˵¶һӣһɫһ䣬ĿΧһϻʳֱӱըܶ˶ʼʶĺˡ
ϻʳ֮󣬶ʱЦҪܣѾվһܣ̷Щħ˼ȻҽǾͲҪħɱѵȴɣ
˵űЦ
ѪӥΧû˿ı仯ħʿȻصİΧҲȵƯţҲѾγˣһвϵţ޴ڿзɴܡ
ɫ࣬ȵ˵оУ㵱ɵӣ
ϻʳһһЦҡҡͷ˵ǲɵҿԸʾһ£˵Ȼͷһӳʾ⡣
˲䣬һɫĹâֱʣ޴һıȻϻʳǵĶŴ˲һѪɫĹţѸ󣬽ڶź޷ħʿȫУ̶һضɽҡءһ¡ı죬˲䱻ը죬̳𣬾޴ĻĹȥͬʱռһ޴ըѡ
ը֮ųһӣףŴʮħʿ˲ʧˡ
һ£˶ϻʳĻһɫ԰ףѪӥŸղŷһУʱдɫҲ˲ѿ
ϻʳѪӥЦףҲƭ˰ɣ
Ѫӥϻʳû˵ħʿУʱбɵ˵ģҪӴܣϻʳ֣ѪӥһУֱӽ꣬ʬڵϡ
ܺãѪѺʶʱҿкĻϻʳѪӥĳ֣ͷ˵
ôǷǴ뿪ͳһҲͬ⣡Ѫӥʵ


ʮһ ۷֮· 393Լ
ҼȻҴѾ˺ĶԲˣϻʳѪӥ
˵ɣѪӥŷоһͷۣԭΪЩʿѾǵû뵽Щһ˽ƻʮѶԸ˻һ֣עҪˡ
ҵĺܼ򵥣һƴħԳʮˣսԾܹԴʮӮˣҸԸɱϻʳǵǵģˣǾ뿪ҲҪϻʳһ˵ʱħȻ󲨡
ʿһϴű뷨
Ѫӥû뵽ϻʳȻһС
ʮ˶ǩԼǩ֮˭ҲͲܷˣϻʳ˵˵ĻʱڳħʿһĿɿڴ
ԼƶΪ˷ֹԼ˫ڳµһԼԼὫ˵һ˭ڣ˭˭ֱȼ״Ҳ̶áԼ죬Ѿǳ졣
һʤˣһڣڵһǩԼʮ˵궼ᱻȼա
ѪӥϻʳŭôӦʵԷѾ˿ʤʱû뵽ȴ顣µûţȴûа취ϻʳеļͷȻѾƴ׼ˡ
Ѫӥҧҧ治ƽԷҪˣƴȴҪӮãջѡ
㣬ģˣһжǵģӮˣǾʹȥϻʳš
ãѪӥһƼˣһĸּ࣬ʮԸǣ߳ɵʤ㣬ֵһ
ãϻʳ˵ͷӲӣǵѾ׼ˣ˰ɣˣǾ͵޽Լ
Ѫӥתͷдһ˿ŭ𣬿ڶʿ
Щħʿܶ඼˱ôһʱͷƤ飬ϡ
Ǹʲôأĥĥ֪ǲϣֺöʱ˭ڸóˣȴϣֺ£첻Ҳϣ˼ұƵһ㲻ϣʱǻˣ⴫ȥˣʱ˵
ʿУ½½߳ˣҲѪӥʵ£˱ϵʱûʲôԹļЩԸ⣬ʵǺܶ˿űըһ̣ͲˣϾħˣ˾ˣǰԼԺŶ鷳˭ϡ
Ѫӥĸ˵֣ǲҲϣϣҸǣǱΪǲϾܻţѾħϣҲŹǵģħֶΣͷˣʵǿ̫࣬ϵħʿһһָͷȫˣԣʵʵϣúôɱǣҾΪ칦ؼŮ䱦ȫ
ıȴƻ£ĸ˲ȲѺͶԷʿԼ
ʮվ̨ϵĴ㳡ϣϻʳȥóȻһڵϻһȦǾͰȦ򣬱Ȧڴ߱Ȧľˣϻʳ˵
Ѫӥ˿Ȼת̫εĸˣǹһĨ˵΢ЦЦ˵϶ܸˣŵʱһֶΣȻԼȦɳȥûˣǰɣ
⼸һƵӣѪӥȣǱ̫ˣĸ˭ҪǱȦˣҾֱɱˣ
ôһ˵ĸ˶ʱȫһһп࣬ⲻǱ
Ѫϴ㲻ô죿ֲ˵ÿһζӮһʵˣ㻹ɱǣҲ̫ˣǸ˲СҲ˲ˣܵøǻ·ɣһͷ׷ӥǵ߿ĵ˵
Ѫӥĺһǻ·˭һ·һսôȥһ첻ˣ˻ƤҾͻһѪӥ䲻ҪˣҾȥǼȻҳˣǾ͵ùᣡ
˶ʱ׷ײѪӥһ֣ٷϻڿʼ򣡾Ͱղŵİ죡һϣ
ĸеһĸߴʿ˳ĺ׺ûѪӥ֮ǰҲһĸ֣ʵڰڡһһͽϣʱвˬҲû취֪Ѫӥǣȥ
ðɡЩƵ߽ȦӣȻ˫Ͻһ޴Ľ𴸣ͬһҫŽɫĹâȻǽԵĺö
ϻʳ˿Χһµɷȥɣ
ʦϻʳһ㶣˵ͷأ
ţ߸֣һǶӡ
Ҳվţĳۣʺʺģڰǽı£ʮ޹Ź֡
ͷоһɲСԷϵ·޷ԶȻȴǲðȻȥ߿ϣҲһ붨һ
ѪӥųϵһóǿĹ
ƺһ৵һأӥһһʹܵ˶ԷĸǰȻ߾˫Ȼ£䡱һ˫˲ڵϣȻһХȻԼٶ̮ȥһɫϢȻֻܳϻֱȥ
ĺۿʩչȻ˫̶ۣ˫һӣɫĿ۴ȻڿлӶ˲ͬ˴һȻͳƣءһ˻磬Ǽֻ˹ϻȥϻȻཻءһ죬޴ĳ˲佫שֱһɹɴĿ粻ϱǣȦĶ˲Ϳˡ
ҶֻػƷһͻХȻ޴ը˷
ͻȻ˿һɺɫĲȻڼдĿһ̶ڶɫĲͬ֩һĽԲȦĿռȫ̶һ˲䣬ɢȥֻܿǵصĳɫռʵʵߵӰˡ
Ҷ濴ʱһ˲ǰذ¶սʱĸŮʩչĴ󣬺Ȼͬһ
ȻһһʱҲܿѾΧĹԲĳɫϲϵıҵİ͹ȻѾ棬ħЩ˶ʱżû뵽ͷȻĹܽС
˶żʱͻȻһҽбءһһӰȻƿ첼˳֮˿һֻ첲Ķʱɫ԰ףϱ۴ϵĵѪһֻнŽɫ󴸣вϵϢ
ڶܳʱǳɫĲʼ˿һٵɢһʧԳ˺߿ݵΣҶ浹Ǿ棬һô첼ȥˣֲͷʲôأ·
߸ֶҲ΢΢ϢȻղŵʩչҲʧСŶһֻϱۡ
˶һȻŭֳһ󴸣Ȼȥ⶷ˣҰޱŭһ㣬Ȼʣһֻ첲ȴͣһܾʹܵ߸ǰͬʱһŷȥҲȻڿп˦ӣͶһ𡣶ʮ׺˵ĹֱѣûֻõƺͶͬʱԼĴ
ڿлӰײһһǿӿһȦȦĳϳ൱֡
ءһ죬Ǻ߱Ȧȥͬһźɫһ˶Ϊ߻ڵϵʱȴڵϵǰһ̣Ȼһ䣬·Ŷʹܶϣһͨٹ˶ʩչǿɱУۻңŹڴ
һ죬һӰȻ˵ϣһȻǶڵҳһŴӣϵѪ
Ҳڿҡ£ֱֱȻ˶ľƣˡ
ڵһվȻҡҡλεĳŶȥһϳѪߵߣȻ̧һţŶĶӲȥȻһ˲䣬˶ΪѶ϶ҪʱǶȴȻһ˲һѽͷȱסȻһһӽͷ˦˳ȥͷ䲻һŲȥʱԼѾ˦ˣȻײһߵĴʯϡ
˶ĿɿڴĿŽ֣һû뵽ĽҪͷȻͷ˦ˣӮ˱ȶ
ãħһʱдϲһʼкá
ŸʲôѪӥʱиˣȻˣ
ħʿѸٴȥ𶷻ֱǹǷõҩŽö˹
Ҳ׷׾Ⱥͷϻʳɫʮѿû뵽ߵһû𵽺ͷľ͸ôˡ
ħǿѪӥϻʳһ泩
ħˣ̫硫˵ţϻʳһȣһֱӴȫϽɫۣͦɣϱһʮվȦ棬һһ
ͣϻʳԸ߷µֱӴȥʱаļ͡
ԷһѪӥʣµˣӥǵ߱ѪӥĲЩ߷ߵ˵Ҿ֪ҪϣˣҼȻˣҲԼѡĿϹͷӵˡ˵һʹȥȻһ⣬Ӱ֮󣬲Գһϳ¶һ֣ħʿƸǣʱ׷׽кá
ӥʾͣʿӣҲûмŴȥ
֣һৡһĳ˲һת䣬ܵǰһϵɢݵɫâĳ͸һֻ̻ĸоʮְҶ濴ⳤĺؽȣо⽣ҲǺܺص֣Ȼûؽŵ󣬲ҲС
ʩչ˳ӥҲһһһɺںɫϢȻܳҺֱܿϣһɫâһֱ϶һצĳȣÿһָ϶͸ѪɫĹ⣬ʮа졣
ħԿһȻһаȻҲǿҵγ˶Աȡ
СӣӥҲ㵹ùɱ˴һɱһʳľѪӥ߶ԽЦ
η壬Цһˣ˭ɱ˭ûأ
˵ŽȻֽǰһɫĹâ˲ʹӳϱৡĳӥߴȥһҲͬʱӻںɫӰӣڿռʵĳŽȻȥͬһ˲˺öһ˾档
Ҷ濴˳֣ʱоַ緶ӥߣʵһʵѱ磬ʮѲ
˲ײһ𣬽жԳͬʱӥߵӰȥڽֵһ˲䣬Ѿ˳ҵ״̬
һɫĽҫ۵ĹţߵӰȫû棬˷׷׿澪˵ı仯Ҳ


ʮһ ۷֮· 394սȻ
ѪӥϽһĿŽӥߵĶԿ
Ļȣۿ˾ȻֻܿɫĽϷ裬ϵשıѣһмĽҲһ˿һ˿ĺںɫâ
ս˺ܾã˶ڽ֮ڼٵĶԿоȻܱôʱ䣬һʿġ
ȣ˳ʱĲ֮󣬽ȻһȻȦĵɫâٿȻһգһ˲ȫ˽ϣǽдʱ̫һĹԣһֽӥȻӶ
ৣһһǿǱٲһӥߵķȥһ˲â磬ܱ裬һ綼˳
һȥƾ춯أֻһռСȦֱӽһӡ
ӥһ˲ȻһܣıܿһҲһ⽣Ǻ׵ľеĽȻһɽҪ˵ھˡ
ǽһ䣬δջأʱһϲӹһܣһ˲ʧȻһ˲䣬ӽĽ´ܳ⧲ӥеצһץסȡǡһצϵָͷ˲һۣСĿסͬʱһֻ־ֱӳŽץ
֮£Ȼһӥߵצһ£ȴδ˿鼱֮£ҧҧһԼСϣͬʱһ㿪ӥߵһ
ӥû뵽ʿĺԼҲᣬһ㲻ʱԼȣȻһһȣٶϿ϶ҪԴӥһЦûиκδϢĻᣬֱӾʹ
һȣѪעʿ˷׷ײģΪһѺħʿ׷״ϲۿһҪʤˣĺż͡
һԼ˼Ϊĵطʱҧҧƴһȳţӥ߳ɴܹʱгȻһһǿɫâ˲ҫвĿųҧҧ⣬
һ֮еĳ˲ȼɫĻ棬ڵɫ汬һǿǳвϵĲҪԷһܿ죬ɫĻ潫ȫͬʱһɴҫ۵Ĺ⻪뽣ֱ۾УǺˮźӵһ
ȻӣҲǼ̵ʱ䣬һǷĳͻһɿݵľչľһ¶Ѭڵ̼о
ҶͫһⳤȻԼȼ֮ˣʵµһ档
ӥ߱һû뵽ǿⳤȼ֮󷴲ƿֲһȥǿĽ˲ӭӥߵվʹȻһܣƶͬʱһƣһǿĽٴӿ˲佫ǿϵıͬ˳һ˹ӥŵٴһ
ǽѾŭռ壬ֲϵһһƣӥ߻ᣬȻ岻ֲϵĻȴӥ߲ϵӴܣβȦӡ
Ȼһ𣬵ٶȼӿ죬ֱȼһɫĻ棬һ͵³ǿܳϵı䡣
ӥҲƼˣȻȫɫĻƣֱֱĴܵУȻһӥУͷȥֻȫһӥӰţſ˫ۣȻڿлһȦֱֱŽ
˫üһȻȻһɳһӥ߿䣬ӥӥӰڿпٴܶڿ񳱰Ľпٳ̶һ˲ʹܵ˽ĸǰȻһȣȫһףȻ˫۲棬ءһΧȻ˲ӥײһȻءһ죬ӥ߱ײ⵹ɣһӺԱߵʯϣȦӡ
ĿɿڴĿųϵı仯û뵽һ̣һС
˶ʱħӥ߱ɣʱһɫû˵ѪӥѪӥĿɱһȻʹܵӥߵߣȻû˿ԥ첲첲˲˻ɫ飬һƾȥͷ­ʱըħһɫࡣ
Ѫӥһʹ˻ɫࡣ
ϻʳһȱ̧Ľ϶ʱж˵ϻʳȥǶʷĹ
תͷźˣɫ֣ص˵˺ðҪѧϰû·
˷׷׵ͷ
ˣһ˭ϣϻʳһʣʱҪϣϻʳ΢΢ͷȻѡһͷ󺺣ʦϰɣ
ãһأħұʿı֣ͷһɫۣ˵һʹȥ
ħ˿ˣʱ׷ɫһ䣬ΪħҲģһսУӵһǣħҲȻ󲨡
ϴϰɣѪӰŻ˭ϵʱһͻȻŭ⡣Ǵˣɱҵܵܣһֱһᱨ𣬵һֱûᣬһҪѩޣ
Ѫӥһʱĵ˵ͷ˸꣬ʵ£Ϻʹг𣬴ɶƴãϰɣɱޣذһ£
ţƴҲӮã˵ţɱ޵˲ȥ
ħɵĶվȦ
ʦĸߴվ̩ɽһȵƺ̩ɽڶɫƣɱȻͬһѱĳһ㣬Ҷܸоɱ޿϶ǳɱˣ©һƣС
ߺߣëСҲʦɫĳЦɱ˫ֽɫĹâһȻ׶׶涼ǿɹģǹһ˿΢Ц˭һأ
ţϷ꣬Ϊ˶Ը˵ţʦȻԼһ޴ȣͬʱȫһӣӲϵתһɫҫ˶һʮֺصıϡ
ɱһʱֳֽ׶Ȼϣ嶼һ޴ĺڹ⣬˲ʹܵ˻ʦǰȻеĽ׶Ȼһ˲䱬ɫ̫һҫ۵Ĺâ̶һȻȥءһɱɫһ䣬ֻԼ׶ȥȴԷĽӶ͸һ֮˲䵯ˣһɾ޴ķֱĽ׶壬һ˲ʧȥơ
ʦһϽⱬ裬ɱ޾˹ȥڿҪɱ޵һ˲䣬ɱгɫĹâһڿзһȦܿ˻ʦһҪȣͬʱ˲һڿм˻ʦʮĵط
ɱ޲˲ѪǸղǽϷǿġ
ħˣϷô꣬Ϊ˽죬Ҫɱңǰ꣡ʦһɱ޾ͱѪд죬֮Ҳ׷¶ϲɫȻϵ
ħ˿һɫÿҶȴע⵽ѪӥƺûʲôӦϷһ˿΢Цɱ޾ô򵥵ġ
ٺ١ʦĻɱȴֵЦˣЦʮֹ죬ƺʲô޴ıһ
ٺ١ɱԽЦԽ񣬵ֱӱ˹Цϱһ˵ƣǴԨдܳĶħһȫſЦѪɫϢ˫ͫҲʼó죬ͬħһҶʩչħ䡷ʱһһħĹ֦ͬʮơ
Ҷ뵽ʩչħ֮ˡ
ɱ޵ȫܿ챻ɫϢˣһѪɫϢǷԴһٵӿȫ񸲸һɫ棬ǿȼ˵Ϣһ׺ųҰһ
𣡡һɱ쳤ХȫȻɫϢĴܣৡһ¾ʹܵ˻ʦĸǰȻн׶Ȼȥ
ˡһӱһǹɲһ㣬Զ೤ġ
ɱȻŽȥһųɫϢϵҴܣɱбʮǿһɹɳӽӲϵķƺԵֿסǿĹ
Ҷʱоһӿһȵĸо
ʱʦʱоһǿѹԼѹΪӺΪһģܵǿѹҲ屻ѹţȽɱޱƿȫž޴ѹҪȫԿڲ֡
ɱ˫۳죬Ȼ˲ءһһը죬ʦȫǵĽӱ˲飬ʦҲǿ˳ȥֱȦ棬ҳһ
˶ʱĿɿڴû뵽һôͽˣħ˶ĵġ
ɱ޻վȫɫĻ˿û
ãɱޣɵĺãѪӥһӦһ𣬺ħ˷׷׿ʼкá
ҲŴӸղŵľзӦһɫ࣬ȫûϵֽ֡ϻʳűģһĻʦû˵ʲôĻʦļ
֮ǲһѪӥЦųЦԷ֮ȴһ˵
ɱվڳϣתͷѪӥ˵ϴսһղȫû񫣡
һʱ׷׻ȻѪӥ˼һ£ǹһ˿΢Ц˵ãҴӦ㣬ýЩȫɱ⣡ʡҶˣ
ɱ˿Դ󣬶ʱ˷׷ײƽϻʳ˵ʲôһũģĹֱһӾʹȥ˲Ȧȫһ̹⻺ʧ
Ȼ˿֮ˣũҾ㣡ͷңһֲۣģҲģõĸũһУħʶˣȴȫСƴˣΪ޵ľһȻģõȴΪ˲СڣһΪŹֵۣ˵ʲôʲô͸ʲôװһľ͸ũװ˴˵ĵȫũũһõʵߣγʿһصķ羰ߡ
ٺ٣ãүүѵѵ㣡ɱ޶ԴһЩ˽⣬ȴȫη壬ɱ֮ߵһ޵ľǲҪĴ򷨣ÿ֮ʵͻһֵħԲʹɱССʵͱúǿ
ߣħ˵ǿСũҺúõһ㣡˵ũģȫɫϢȻһɹϢ֮ͬʱɫ⻷Χת
ৡһ޴ӿũȻһɿ磬Ȼһĳɱ߹ȥÿһ¶
ɱ޿ũԼһ߹гɫĹâһֱӳɳȥũȻһ˦Ȼһɫ˲˳ڿмٷɾ̶޴ӿ˲ͻһƬɫһĳɱ޸ǹȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 395ɱ޵ı
ɱۿԷԼǿ˫Ͻ׶˲仯һƬ⣬ڿȻ衣
ءϵıɫгƬڿбɡ
ߺߣũǹһ˿ЦݣȻȻ˫һϣȻžһЩƬ˲ըҴܣɱ⧲ըֱ󵹷ɣʱũ˲ȫɫһ˲ͳ嵽ɱ޸ǰ
ৡڿлص˫бɫЩѸٵľһȻһ׳ɱ޲ȥɱ޴ʱѾܿƣԼѹڹؼʱ̶㿪˴Ĳƣ˳ȴֱӲ˽ϡ
ȥũһȻ˫һ˦Ѹ͵ĺХɱĻ
žһɱޱũһ˦һ˵ϣһĴɫϱžž˦ɱ޵岻ܿƵײÿײһ£һΣһӡ
žžһδײħ˵ɫˣÿˤһΣ˾ɫһ֣˭Ҳ뵽ײɱ޾ҲŲס
ݡһɱ޵ٴα
ħˣǳҵũХţһ˦١
ڴʱһֻһϢɱȻһХȻȫڿȻתǰ棬һн׶һ⣬˲佫жϣ̶ũٴγֵʱȻŵ¡
ũû뵽ղɱ޵һϢװʱһջ
ʱɱȫѪƤҲȫɫ˼أͷ­һ붼ѪͿˣصĴ۾ҲѪסһƬѪ죬ֲվڵϾ˵Ұޡ
ũɱޣȻٴγ֣˫ϴɫȻͬһɱȥ˲ʹܵɱ޸ǰɱ챬ɳƣǷȻȥȫħȻڣŨħűǿ˲ͽ̵Ƭգۼ͵ũĸǰȻȻԾ𣬴ǿľ磬ũ
ũһͬʱٴ˦ɱ׼˲һͻһӰıܿũȻһ˲ũ࣬һ׶Ͳ˹ũʱȻһ˱ܣһ̣ɱ޵һɨžһ¾ߵũ࣬һߵʮũߵȻȥũȴصǰһ˲䣬һĳһ̹һڵ˲̲ݺʻЩ̲ʻգͳһ׸ߣءһũ⻨ϣһٴηȫȻûһˡ
ɱڵϷһȦ֮վϵĴϢũǴһ˿΢ЦȻղô͵һȥȴˡ
Ҷǵһοսһοϰũĸ֣˹Ŀ࿴ղʱҶ滹ڲ²һδ򣬵ڣֻܾ֮治Уƺ˵ǲݵغʻκεطʲô⡣
ٺ٣ũЦһһ˿թȻһ̧ɫĹâҫͬʱɱվĵطȻһ仨⻨ͨѪɫѪŵĻϲ͸һɹŨصѪζ˲˱Ƕ
ɱȻһžзɴܣܵյʱѪɫһֺһֻͬһȫѪɫģֻһѪڵĹһʹȥ
ͬʱũȻƲϵڵĻ϶ʱʮ仨䣬ͬѪܵģһֻֻѪܵĹﳯɱ͵˹ȥ
һﾹȻʳ˻־磡һħʿЩƺ˽⣬ѪܵĿֲĳʱһЩ˵
ʳ˻Ҷ濴ǿֲĶȻҲһֲ۽硣
ʱɱ޵ĴͼΪˣʮֻ׷ҧڿвϵĶܣȴЩʳ˻ƺƵܿͽԲȦˡ
ʱũսȫռϷˡ
ΪɱҪɵʱѪӥȴɱ޴һʲôóһУ
ôһ˶һ㶣еɱȫһƺԥܿ¶ˡ
ħ߶ɻѵɱ޻ʲôǿɱУ
˶ɻʱɱ޵ȻѪһɫâϵ󣬾Ѫһһž޴̫һĹԣ˲䣬ؼ䶼һѪ죬һѪɫһ
ѪɫĹâҫһȶʼϵĴ
УɱһҵĺУͬͱһһʵϣʱɱڷžĶǵı仯ȫƤѸӲٱ߱ı仯ʹƤѿʺѪҺҼ͸Ƥһ˷㼯гһɽȡ
ǡ
һѪɫ粻ҫ޴ӿǵأͨĩһҶһ˵Ȼܴﵽôֲĳ̶ȣһûдﵽ벽񼶱ʵܻʵһαĿֲʵڲС
ѪѪɫĹâ֯ţһƬãã
ũ֪϶ʱݵϳʳ˻ɱ޼ΧЩ׺ʳ˻ûйȥѾɫˣũʱЩţɱһ֪ٲͷЧ¾ֻܱɱ޸ɵˣϾɱһʩչǿ̫Ĺԣʵڲһġ
ҳɣ϶϶ʱƣֵܵҲлᡣ
ôһ룬ʱ˫۲棬ȻȫɫӿһϢϴϱ޴ٷɴܲʱΧѸƿһÿôɫȻԽԽ׳Ȼ󼫿ڿн֯һܼѸٸũΧЩٶȾˣͬʱž޴ũĿռ伷ռģһһĸũϣʵʵһƬ̹⡣
˿ũʩչķ֣ʱ۽硣
ʱзĵĳɫȻһգȻһɹǿĳɫٵ˲ָʱֻֻʣɱһˡɱ޴ʱҲѾȫһףȫɫĹâǣͷϻһ˫ǣźڹ⣬˴һȦٵӿռһƬֲϢ
ܵǿħ˶о˲Сѹһ𾪵Ŀɱޡ
ɱһȫɫ汼ڣͬҰһڿռشܶ
Ȼɱ޻һǿĻ棬ųĹβűΰŵũȥ޴ĳʹÿһĲϢ
˶۾Žս󵽵׻ᷢʲô
¡¡һ죬ɱ˲ײһϣʱмըҷɣһųɫͱɫĹâٵĽ֯һһǿӿ
ءһȻһž޴ı޴ĳ˲ɨеһȦ޴Ļ
˶ʱ𾪣׷׼⣬Ϊʮǿ󣬷Χ㣬Ƕ
Ҷ濴˾ȵĳʱо棬Ǵũ൱
ҲǳģϾũʩչıʩûãһȫˣ֪ʱũΡ
˶ĿŶսʱ򣬻ɢȥʱģֻɱһ˻ѪվţѪϵƤžҵţĽ£ֻһӣȴũӰΨ濴ɢĲ֫ðڵ
Ȼһֱӽũɱˡ
֮˶ʱɫأһ𾪵Ŀɱޣ֪ô졣
ϻʳɫʮû뵽ɱ޾ȻֶΣȫϡ
֮˲߹ħͻȻЦһûѪӥҲһ˿΢ЦղһаֱӽũɱƽľͲҪʲôˡ
ɱʮִƣȻѪ˼أȴһԸ¡
ѪӥŶϻʳȻЦһ˵ϻʳҿڿ԰ѹһˣɳս˭Ǳʣµ˱ܣ˭ôӮֻҪԸ˳ͿһֱԸ˳ϡΣ
ϻʳѪӥĻǣһ䣬Ȼ˵ͷ˵ãͰķ
˵Ȼһһâ˲ʹܵȦϣɫ࣬гɱ⡣
˶ûԤϵϻʳֱϣ˷׷Ȱ裬ϻʳûһ˿Ϊ֮ݡ
ߣȻôѪӥһҲ׼ϡ
ɱ޴ʱѾЩ־壬ϻʳû˵һֱӴȥϻʳҲû˿ɣһǿ⣬˲ȥȫɫĻȻ鲼̶һȭ磬ǣڳʱʹƮͬһɱ޿ųһȭͺ˹ȥϻʳȻһɵıܿһȭȻת壬žһһȭҵɱ޼ʵĺϣһͷѵɱһҽУֱӱ˳ȥһײϻʳĹϣӺȻײϡ
ϻʳ֣һоͽɱ޴ˡ
˶ʱ˲࣬ϻʳȻһ˽ܣʵͬСɡ
ѪӥۿһУһ߹һ˵ϻʳȻһ۰һоͽһѾ˵´ˣӢۣ
˶ĳζħ֮˹ЦĬš
ܽɣҲܽɣϻʳ˵
ٺ٣ҴɣҪûˣżһģڴ֮ǰҪҵļ´˵ѪӥϻʳסѾȥˣжʱһϲ֪ʱϻʳսǿȻҲܴĹ˵˵һǧ÷˴üϣ򲻹Ҳ˷һ¶ԷʱԼϣһоͶðˡ
Уϣ˵Ѫӥͺһ䡣
պ꣬һһ۵ĹͷӾһӵĳʮֲֿһɫһͷϻпֲէһΪǴӹײﵹġ
һ۱鲼ͷϸᷢЩͷȻǿԻģһĺΪռ䣬طɴܡ
վȦڣϽףû˿ţѪӥ꣬ʮģ˷ϣҲѪӥء
ϻʳȻѪӥʲôϷдŭʱѾ˻ȥ϶ãֻܼˡ
еûٷϻȻһȣȫɭɭĹƵĹһϵͬһͬʱһʹɢȻǹķš
ϻʳŹеʩչɫӲû˿ı飬Ȼеķʮֹ죬ԲӦ䣬ܹʩչʲôֻҪֹº־Ϳˡ
ȫƣһڹʹȫ˲ͣʱ򣬾һһ㣬˲͵ϻʳǰһֱ̩ɽϻʳ˲˫۱Ȼһƾ˳ȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 396ǿԿ
пԷԼȻ̧֣һЦȫʱһǿĺڹ⣬ڹ˲仯һͷϻʳͬʱԼȻһܳ
һܶ죬ΪܶĿȴû뵽ƶһ˲䣬ǰһӰһ۳ϻʳ̶һƾؿڡ
жʱ󾪣һɹǿϵͶȻŤӣһ˲ܱܿϻʳƼ죬һȻĿ죬ǱϻʳһƴУ˲෭ųȥ
һȻѹģڵϵʱ򣬻⼲ɣ˲佫˫۲ذ壬ءϱ汻ӣҪ˦ȥʱͣվ˫ȭϵѪ亹ϵð
ϻʳһоȻûбȥʱŭĳŹг
ۿϻʳҵ˫һϣȻһǿٴӿ޴ǷĴ֣˲ͲȫʱһĹϴϴ̵ʱڣеȫʹܳī֭һĹ꣬Ʒ裬ɭֲ
ϻʳٷɳʱЩܵеĿƣֱȻܳ۳һ̣צĳϻʳȥ
ϻʳ˲һܵУܿĹȻڿлһߣ˲һһǿϿӿʱȻָһ䣬˲ת򣬳ϻʳǵصĴܹȥ
ϻʳһ𣬵Ƽһɫֱ͸꣬еĵطٴܶ޴ӿжʱоѹһ߲ݹ꼱ΧϣһһѽϵĺɫӰȻһס
ءһǺɫ˲䱬һֻ޴Ĺצϻʳץȥ
ϻʳһǺɫײһһɺɫĲײײǹצӾȻûܵĴȻ͵ĳϻʳץϻʳʱ΢΢ȣȻһתܿǹצӵĹٴ䵽Զ
˫۲֪ʲôʱѾˣһ֮ǹצӾ˲ȥϻʳҲһȻϣ͹д߶Ĺצײһ𣬸һײҵĻ๥һɭɭĹϵĽ֯һ𣬿ռɾ޴ĳơ
ѪӥжüΪңǹһ˿΢ЦҲܽϻʳܣֻҪͿˡ
ȻҲ֪ڴʱȫȡ̬ƣӿٵĴܶһŹצϻʳ
ϻʳдŭ˫ֲϵֻһһƵĺ޴ӿһδκڹצϣǹצȻܵĳСȴڹеӲ²ϵҫڹ⣬һδεȥһֱ߰ʮ֮ǹצӲųŲסˣڹڿһɴܣɢۡһ³һѪѪӹɵĹצı飬ҲܵصĴ
ϻʳڴצӵһ̣˲ͳŹ˹ȥһʱд󼱣ĿѪӥһۣѪӥ˵ͷŷģҶ濴һĻΪлֱӴܳȴû뵽˲Ծ𣬷ϻʳ˹ȥ
ϻʳ˫۱⣬ɫɴܣȻоʮһƣһƻûӴеʱֻǹйһЦȻȻһգһȥϻʳڲһ̣һһźɫĵ˲Ϊ뼫ֿ죬ϻʳȫûӦʱɫѾ˸ǰ
ϻʳһս꣬ḻ˲֪һը֮Ķ֮Ȼ߶ȫٵһͬʱȫһɫĹââѸٷָȫȻһ˲ۼ
ǬԪϻʳһȣȫɫâ˲ȻһգȻٴȻ
ǬԪʩչһ˲䣬Ǻɫĵ˲ըǿڱһ˲γһɫѣ˷˲͡һ˲֮󣬡ءһ죬Ȼһɫ绹бɫпһϯΧԱĵطΪģȻ޴תһ磬Щʮܼǿһ˲ΧڵĿռȫռκĶɷĩ
ǿ˶𾪣Ҷ棬Ҷ𾪵ȴһ飬ӳĵ边Ȼӵйġͨըף
ǵģڸӳʱҶͿˣûȷʱһⱬը;Ȼͨըˡ
û뵽оȻһͨըףʵ˾治ѡ
ͨը׵ʮǿ󣬳н涼ıըϣͬʱ֮һоǣϻʳⶫըģ϶Ҫܵӳͨը֮һʹܵһߣֱӷɻѪӥߣѪӥû˿ֵ˼
ȵ纣һнɢȥ֮˿ȫ˿ڵϻʳϻʳ˺ۣһ粻ϵ˿ƣȻڻָۿŶħ֮ˣû뵽˱ɣû뵽ѪӥȻһС
ܿ죬ϻʳͻָǰӣķѵȴҲΪˡ
žžžѪӥʱơãϻʳȻʵǿǿз籩Ȼܿٵ޸ѪĳȻô˵ţеĳζȴʮԡ
ϻʳ˵ۿŶħˣϹۣǵУ˭ɱҶӭ
ٺ٣ȻӢۣѪӥЦһ˵ȻȻ񵶡ϣ
ǣһȴһɫӰ˲ʹȥڿлһ⣬Ȼֱһ˲վϻʳĶ档һɫ۵ӣһɫսʮָݣϬɫĳͷסббվţͬһһ治񵶡š
ϻʳŶħʿʱһı亮ֱ͸꺮һǿȴƺ⣬Ȼվš
ϻʳһৡһһ˲ͻһϵֱȥҲʱһ
ءһǿϻʳܵǰʱȻ֣˵˲ײһȻһɹǿӿ䡣񵶺ϻʳжǺһľ⣬ءһһײһȻ󱬳𻨡
ٶԽԽ죬ܿͻ磬̨ϲϵĴܶ˶忴˵ĳֻ֣ܿһ𻨲ϵð޴ܶһҫĵ⽣Ӱ˼ֱһ硣
ৡһϻʳȻܵ˰Уǿ񵶸Ҳܵ˰УϻʳȫɫĹâ磬񵶵ȫҲһħһǿ裬ڿоǼ磬˴ܵУֲչжǾ޴ըһĳϱ
ǿȵս˺ܾãеıըͻ𻨲ð˶࣬񵶵Ŀ쵶ħǳģ񵶵ǿȫκˣĵƬ֮𼫴Ĺע
һΣϻʳչֳʵҲʮǿ󣬾ȻܺͿ񵶱ȿ죬˵ĶսȻԳôãĳٶƵġ
˲²˱ȵٶȿ컹ܳŶõʱͻȻһ죬һӰ˲ءһ죬˲佫ҿһӣһϻʳֳֳȻϵĴķѵҲ١
ܿ죬ڵϵĿ񵶻վѪһһεѪҺӵɱʮ㡣
ৡһ񵶻һӰ˲ٴδܵ˿УϻʳҲһֺ͸ղһĴܣ޴˽ѣһҲ
ڿһ־õսһһεѪӿеԵôĿġ
ڣƴսֶӵʱ򣬡ۡһһֻ첲еͬʱſ񵶵Ҳڵҳһ졣
ৡһϻʳҲֽڵϣѪ죬Ҳ֪ԼѪǿ񵶵ѪŲϵţղŵսȻӮˣķѵ񵶵սʮǿսǿÿδĿסʱͻƴļȫǱܣüζѹסò׻˲СĴ۲Žܡ
ѪӥŴʱѾԳƣ̬ϻʳǹһ˿΢Ц
ħˣɣϹͷҲҪɱǣҲҪһ汳ģϻʳۿαʧܣû뵽ħνȻܾۼôĴħͷʿԭʤֻɣڿѾˣΪҲͶˣѾ˾ģϻʳǲҲˡ
ħˣȺռϻʳǣɱϻʳǵˣʤģԶħˣԺҲᱻʿɱߺߣҶ๶ҼѣϻʳĿʱȫȻħ˳Ц
ҶϻʳĻʱԴ˶˼Σ壬ʲô˶ܴﵽģֿҪʱ򣬾ȻٴŭħˣͶأݵʶǣ˾η
ħϻʳĻһʱдŭ׷Ҫȥѵϻʳ
Ѫӥ˰֡ߺߣã˵ĺãһȻѪӥĺӣ˵ʤȴֻ֮Աǣʲôʲôħɱˣɱħ֮˻٣ħǡħ˭˵ħ󷴹ӿҪˣʱҿڲͽìأħһģ϶صħУ
ϻʳһЦһߺߣħ֮ˣȻô˵ħԺܳɵһʱ򣬵ȵ٣ħСһ
񣡣ΪֻĶħħһȡʤѪӥЦţȻһʹܵȦϻʳӡΣԼԼɣǾ͹һУҲ϶ˣ⼸˲ٴΣһΣ֮һΣħ֮ʲô㶼ˣ
ϻʳѪӥˣеһɣһĿԷһˣǰʩչȫϾħΣѪӥֻҪܽѪӥɵһоͶоȣȻһòǾҶ棬Ҷʵǿнˣ۲ҶһӣҶȺħ֮ȻħҶƺûвҶ˵ģԼħκһɡ
ϣСӱǱذˣϻʳҶһۣҶͷһϻʳ˼΢΢һЦ
ϻʳ²͸һЦʲô˼ʱѪӥѾò˼ԸѪӥ
Ѫӥǹһ˿Цһɹɺɢ
ϻʳһӣⳤֻΪ˶Ը񵶶ʩչģκѪӥսóʮʮҲҪˣ


ʮһ ۷֮· 397ʿħ
ߺߣ϶֣ɿˣôĳɹѪӥ֣˵
ϻʳѪӥ˵ͷ㣡
ৡһѪӥ˲䳯ϻʳɴܶȥϻʳȻһһǿȻ޴ӿٶȼľײһϻʳȫɫƣһɹӿ˫ȭһȭ춯ء
ѪӥȭͷѾһųɫĻ棬ƵĻ͸ǿһȭӳ
ءһֱײһ𣬱޴ĳ˶Ϊ˲һͱܿǿĳһӿһڿȻһ˲ʧ˲ٳ֣Ȼٴײһ𣬡¡¡һ޴ͬʱһҲ֮˵ӰֱԾ˵ٶȴܶҲʮǿˣһһĴܶо޴ıͬһ
˵ʵﵽ˾صĳǿ磬Դʮ𺳣˶ͷţָսʮԴʱĦսֱҶҲϸĹۿ˵սȻ˵ʵּܻսѾǱȽϡٵˡ
ȦеϻʳѪӥͬڿвϵײǿκһ㣬ռжվս˶оһɹǿѹͷѹ
¡¡һ죬һӰ˲ϵȻڵϣһǿĳͬһڵϣ˶û˭ˡ
ֱѪӥһӰ˲֮ǲſףԭϻʳҽ˵
֮˶ʱһѺ֪ϻʳ֮ǰѾķ˼ٴ򣬱Ѿռ˺ܴơ
ѪӥһĳϻʳҳĴȥһģɫĻƤȼ˫ϵħŨһħǿѹں
ѪӥһߵӱߣȻһһųɫȻ衣
˵Ѫӥ˲ȥһ˲䣬һӰһӴ˳ϻʳϻʳո뿪ӣѪӥž˽ȥһɳĹųʣ޴ĵ涼
ߺߣõͦ죡Ѫӥһ԰ףѪ߰ߵϻʳЦ
ϻʳһһ˿âȻȻһһǿ⣬ھѪӥʮԶĵط
ϻʳȻ챩ȣȫɫܶ˲ƺ̺޾һ㣬汻ϻʳȫɢݳмϵĻƯһǿӿԽԽܼΧϻʳΧ£һȦɫķɵͼ֣ŹӶǿ
ȣϻʳϺһȻ˫ıۺ£һǿȻ䣬ͬʱۣҽ֮һֻɫɵķ˲һԾž޴ѪӥȥڷɵĹУ޴ŷ£Զһ̫һ߷ӿؼ䶼
ƺܻص˲͵ѪӥĸǰѪӥЦһһξҪܣһ˲䣬ȴͻȻоһɿռĸоΧĿռ䱻ĵƣʹҲĸоȫƣһ˲侹ȻľˡҪ֪ٶǼģʹʿ˵ҲգۼڴʱΧĿռ侹ȻһӴѪӥǷݰȣ˲һۿǴǿķ˳ܿܽȫ飬ʱŭ
̶̵һ˲䣬ȫħ˲Ȼǿĳɫͬʱǰһ𣬻һƬܼħͬʱȻſ죬ȫ֫ٺһֱͨӻڿУһ˳
ǡ
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磬˲ѪӥǺѪӥײһ˲䱬ǿһеʽɢܼÿͬʱ˲䱬һӺѪӥǰĵײһ𣬱Ĺ⻪գһ˲еĶĹâˣ̫ĹԶȲϡ
Ѫӥһ˲䣬оһɹӿĵ˲͸ȫǿϵĳ嶼ЩסϵıˡֻǿжſһԼ壬оѩпԼһѣһʿƲˣҲѪӥҶ桢ϻʳ˲
ǿеѹסԼ壬ӻǲϵĺˣѪӥһ˫гɫĹâͬһųƬ¶ϻƷħѪӡЩѪӡ൱ħʿĵڶˣֻñҶĵڶҪԶҲûеڶǿĶ࣬ҲħʿʿǿԭΪħʿӵѪӡӿʼͼһˡ
ʱѪӥϵѪӡʱɢǿҵĹâһħͬȼյĻһ㣬ѪӥϵԾѪӥһ֮϶˵ڶѪӡĹâһͬħ۾һֲʱѪӥһȦȦ޴δܣЩħǿʵ
ѪӥţȫӿħһѸ׳Ѫӥʵʹٵǿϱǿֱӵֵڵʮ֮ͣʮ׳ĺۼ϶ð̣̫ǿˣΧ罹ˡ
ѪӥסϢղȻ˵ֿסȫҲܵ˲СĳҪɢһ·ãѪӡ΢΢Ĺ
Ҷ濴˶սʱȻʵˣ˶ƴĴ򷨣ʩչϻʳѪӥʾǿսϻʳһ֮źѪӥϵģѪӥղŶԿ˵ʱ򣬾ȻԼ嶥סˣܲ˵һ漣ܴʱϵѪӡΪʩչ̫࣬䲻תܵסһѾǳˡ
ϻʳʩչһ֮ƺһ˲ʮ꣬һг֣Ѿ;ƿݵٴδѪҪɹʩչֻܴˡ
ѪӥʱȻɹĵֵˣʵҲܵ˲Сʧ˵ʧٷ֮ʮʱϻʳܾѾʣ°ٷ֮ʮˣһĳϻʳȥʱϻʳƺѾʩչˣղ鼱֮ʩչˣѾĹֶˡħз׷׾ϲۿѪӥҪȡʤˣϾϻʳվվϥš
ʱ˶ܿ˶ѾˣϻʳѾ;ƿݵʱˡ
ѪӥЦ߹ϻʳվǹһ˿΢Цߺߣ㣬ΪӮˣ
ߣҲΪ»ӮѪӥŬ߶ȫתһħٴδϻʳʱһֵľٶ
ĳһУȻѸٽϣǾŰɫСذףÿذ涼һֻֻɫùͷѸٵץһùͷذףȻȻԼȥ˾ԳԾѪӥҲһ㶣ϻʳĪǷˣҪԲУ
ϻʳˣѸٵĽѱùͷذײűذĲǰŴطͬʱϻʳʼЩùͷͻȻ˳ɫĹâһõ۾ǵħ۾ҿʼϵĲ
ϻʳɫ԰һ֣ȴùͷøѸ٣һҪܳһɫĹâҲԽйʱо޴ѹָУƺϻʳʩչĹ취˻ǵĹܡ

űɫùͷذϿʼðһѪɫϢЩϢϵĴܳȻͣܿͻɫĹȦϻʳȫ
ѪӥһӣϻʳҪʩչʲôĹóѣһóѣսͲôˡһȣ˻һ⣬˲ͼӿٶȣܵϻʳĸǰ̶һǿɢݣƣһƾȥ
ۡһ
ѪӥһƵʱɫĹȴһ˹ʱоܵţƺһͰˮһˡһƸȥһȻһתܿŶ㿪һǿ깥
Ѫӥһ֮ܿǳɫĹâٴλع鵽ϻʳϣͬʱһǿĴѪζϢϻʳ˳
ϻʳһ𣬶ʱȫѪζĳɫâͷƤѪɫҲõǿ
⣬Źݻ󡢷һħʿۼ⣬ʱ˳
һħ󾪣Ϊƹݻ󡢷ħĹʩչ֮ٴ𣬵Լʵһħ֮ƴŻʹõĹħмΪܶ˶ûû뵽ϻʳȻʹħ
ѪӥһʱҲһֲ˻޿ֵģԭǻŹݻ󡢷
ҶҲһ棬ϻʳǱƼˣҪȻҲħĹʩչʵʿ磬νħͬһӪĶһ㣬ƽöѣħԳϵõĻܿܵ¾ʱϻʳʩչ϶ǱƼˡ
ϻʳĿѪӥԸ٣ҲѪӥôռϻʳǣɣʲô֮ǰҲû˵ֻħĹ
ãããѪӥһ˵á
ߣɣ˵ϻʳȻȣŰùͷذֱӱ˳һ⳯ѪӥȥͬʱϻʳҲŹĳȥ
ѪӥԷѡһֱɱ˹ȥһѹͷ
ءļľŰùͷذȫɣ漱ٳϻʳȥϻʳһȣ˫ּ£оֱӱŷ˳ءĺѪӥĹͷֱײһ𣬱޴ĳ
ѪӥӻһأӥֱӼѹϣϻʳҲʾžŹݻ󡢷Чʣֱ׺ĹȥȫƴĴ򷨣ԹΪأѪӥѹŴ
˫ֿʼڳˣһĴһ޴ıٴα
ʩչ˾Źݻ󡢷֮Ѫӥԭھˣһ¶ʱѹˣֻл̶̰֮ʱ䣬ЩϻʳĴˣϾ̫׺ˡ
Ѫӥһ𣬹ͷһ磬ɫϵı˲ӿϻʳʮಽѪӥ˲һܵʮԶĵطһ˿ϢĻᡣ
סҲǴ죬ղŶʱĸǿսȫ
ȥ»ᱻϻʳֱӴɡ
˼һ£Ѫӥһ˿ײеĹâȻĬȫһѪɫĹâͷҲŷڹ⣬һɫϢͣ
ΪΪܴӮңѪӥϻʳ˵ΪħĹıҺãԭֱܽܣû뵽㻹ͦǿСˣ˵̫磬Σһ㣬ħԶĴǲݰ
˵ţѪӥͷһ˿Ѫɫľ⡣


ʮһ ۷֮· 398¶ħ
ѪӥйͷðһЩѸڽѪӥ壬ܵʲôٻһһɹɵĺɫϢϵĴܽѪӥͬʱԭģĹͷԽܿ쾹Ȼһήĸо
ǵģһήĸоо˾棬Ȼÿ˶ֻ֪һѣǿҵһֲϸС
ʵ˶֪ͷѪӥıҺؽһѾ飬Ѿ˲õķˡ
źɫϢϵѪӥ壬Ȼ󼫿ģǹͷʼԽԽѿԽԽήȻǰѳһһսľԡһѪӥ֣ѾĹͷӵϣʱȫϵɢһ˿˿Щ۽ǣǣָ׷ɫҲò԰ֽʮֹ졣
ΧԶһƬ˶Ѫӥ仯
һ˲İ֮Ѫӥٵı仯һɹɿܳ޴Σһļдܽ˵ĶĤɫһѪӥš
ৡһϻʳ弱ٱܣһɫ磬˫ƺһȻ˲䴥֣һѪɫķȻܳǿ񱼴ܣǷһѪӥΧȥһ̣ѪӥȫĺɫһգȻ˲䱳һͬī֭һڵĳϺɫ׵粻ϱ
ѪӥЦһһ˿ΣնĹ⻪
ৡһĳһȣ˹ʧֱӱܿ˷˵ĹȻһ˲ֱӳһٶ֮죬˶Ŀɿڴ⼸Ƿɹȥģֱ˲ƶȥһ
Ҷ濴Ҳʮ־ȣûѪӥ󳤳ɫĳ֮ٶȵȻԴﵽ屶ٶȿû׷ϡ
ϻʳһʱд󾪣ס壬˫һչȻһɫĹâҫΧ۳һܣӰһĶһѪɫâҫʹΧĲ˺ɫ硣
ħ˶ʱ۾ֱˣΪһлħĹѪܡ
ʱϻʳѪӥһȫƣһȫѪɫϢƣôħֶԾսܴʵ˴۾
ٺ٣ѪӥЦһ˻һڹ⣬ৡһʧڳһ˫֮󣬶ԼսĴǣսУٶʮҪãöԷץס㣬ȫλĹ˭˵һجΡ
ϻʳѪӥٴʧʱΧĿռ䣬ϸоϸ΢仯
Ҷ濴ѪӥʩչǿٶȣҲԼȫĸодٶȣһ뵽Լΰ죬еһʩչǾпڶˣǲ֪Ļᡣ
ҶϸĿųϵı仯ڣ׽һ˿Ϣңץסһ仯ϵĸ֪ſռı仯ÿѪӥιı仯ɫҲΪ̫ˣļ졣
ϸĸ֪Ҳֻܿռһת˲ŵĲӰͲϱҵľѡ
Ҷо仯ʱڳϵϻʳ
ϻʳȻûв׽ĵѪӥӰվڳϣӿٵתƺҪ׽Ѫӥĳ֣ҶѾ˼Σ֮УѪӥޱȵٶھԶĵطܶΪٶ̫죬ԸӰ֮һ߼Ȧɱһ߳ϻʳһĽӽܿ;ϻʳֻʮ׵ľ룬ھصʿ˵ǵƤӵˡ
ȻϻʳڼĸӦʱҶ濴ѪӥѾһ˲ʹܵϻʳȻ˲䱩𣬡ৡһһƾֱ˹ȥɫĽ֯ɫϢҲΧϣγһ޴ĺںһֱ˶ϻʳȥ
ϻʳѪӰֵʱŸӦһɹǿӿ嵽ı󾪣һ̶ӦΧߵѪԶȥءһ죬ѪӥʩչֱӽѪ͡ײϣѪܱһײɣײϻʳϣϻʳȻײ󵹷ɡ
Ѫӥ״ɫ˫һ˲ʧһ˲ֵʱѾϻʳˣͬʱеͻӶ޴ӿֱϻʳѣϻʳʱȻѾЩ־壬ʵСڽҪͷȻ죬Ѫӥһ⣬죬ʹѪӥҲܵ˲Сƣ㲻
Ѫӥֵֻܷһǣž޴ŷĺȥ
ءһⱻɢҲģͬһʱ䣬ϻʳƾʱͷųһж㿪Ĺ˵ϣѪӥҲòͣ塣
ϻʳ˲ӿܳɫ΢΢԰ףһҲ٣ѪӥȻղûɱˣͷҲһ˿ЦϻʳԭʩչŹݻ󷨣ΪսپڸûսپĻᣬ±ذܡ
ৡһһһѪӰٴʧˡ
ϵϻʳʮֱÿѪӥʧͿԷ٣׽٣ʿ֮սϾǱˡ
ϻʳ쳤֪̾ҪɱѪӥǲˣЩѣͬʱҲ¶ˣܲӮҪѪӥˣһҲлᡣ
Ѿ˾ģһ˿
Ҷվ棬ҲϻʳΡ
ϻʳһ˿ΧϸĸΧĿ仯ѾʲôϣҪһ
ৡһ΢΢
ϻʳһ㶣۾ҶķȥҶ˵ͷȻӵתͨһ˿΢ſı仯ϻʳоһ˿ı仯տʼûҶҪʲô֪ܿҶַͨʽλѪӥλá
ʱһҶʮֵķģҪܿ¾ģŲҶ棬ţһλлᡣ
ûж֣Ǽſеı仯ҶҲգȻʾϻʳϻʳʱоľȻ׷ٵѪӥΡ
ৡһѪӥ˲䱩𣬶ϻʳһ̣ҲᷴӦ˹ȻһƾͳѪӥķȥ޴ХһܳѪӥһû뵽ϻʳȻµλãʱѾûѡ˲ȫɫϢƣͬǿһ۳һɹǿٵĴӿƤγһȦĿ
ǬԪһ˲䣬޴һȦܳɫϢը죬޴
ϻʳʩչײһ˲以ѪӥȴûֱͣӳȥӾ޴ײֱӹХһٴӿһӰֱӳϻʳȥϻʳû뵽Ѫӥ׺Ȼ˲ҪĴ򷨡
Ҳ˫۳죬һǿȻȻŴŷĳɫϢ鲼ȫĿ£ֱӴֱܽУֱ˲͸һѪһͨǿٵľۺϣȻڼ̵˲䣬ֱϾȻʼǵĳɫ⣬ҪһǵٵĴܶΧѪɫٵĴӿһѪȵϢ
ϻʳԼۣҧҧɫ˲԰ףѪ׶
ءһ˲ֱϷһѪ⣬˲䳯Ѫӥȥ
Ѫӥʱһûʲôֻоһ͵ڴʱѾܣֻٴξۼȫʩչǬԪӦͻ档˲ȫɫâ㼯չһɫĹâһâٵۣͬˮһתǺܹͬʱȫɫϢȻһȻȻ޴ĳȥ
ʱǷɹϻʳֱϻʳĿ£ֱӱըɫۣ޴ĹâǷӿܵ޴ĳһ˲֮һеķʽڿռתڣͬҰһɫͳɫĹⲨһ˲䣬챻ʹһһǿ޴ϱĴӿ
˭Ҳû뵽ϻʳһֻ첲ܱǿͨըһ𾪣ǿٲѪӥȥѪӥһ˲ֱӱ𺳣ûʩչǬԪĻ϶ŵһƬհˣʱʩչǬԪǬԪǿϻʳ۱ײһȻһ˲ֱը޴ķѪӥ˲ըڵϣϻʳҲͬʱֱӴˡ
ǿдͱڵڳʮֺˣǿֱӳ嵽˳棬Ҷ˶òòˣĽҲٱֱɨľкüϻʳĳҲֱӱըһС֡
ħ˶𾪵Ŀųϵսû뵽ϻʳôһûʩչʵ˾˶Ҳû뵽ֻ֪ϻʳʵɲ⣬ҹм࣬ûϵôһС
Ҷһ˿ңûʱϻʳʱϻʳûʩչһУǻûƼˣʩչһеĻûѪӥǬԪ˵Ҳδ֪
һͷŵ󣬳ڳϴһӶŽɢ˿ſյĳأһ֪Ρ
ȵ˷ϻʳʱѾЩԣײһĴϣˣħ֮˰죬ҲûҵѪӥģΪըˣһӣȴѪӥҡҡλεĴһ˲ӡ
ħ˶ʱѪӥϻʳ˿Ȼֵʵľ
ϻʳһߵϣϴһ˿׺˴󺰵Ⱥ֣ϻʳֽɱ㣡
ϻʳѾģѪӥôһ˵ʱȻһ£۾žҪȥ򣬱ס
ѪӥʱЦĹ֣µһ
ţһĺȻһʹܵ˳ϣгһ⣬ѪӥȥʱѪӥڿЦֹȻо˳Լһ̶һǿͱȻһƣءһһɫܳ˲䱬ը˵˲޴ϵĳֱӱը˲ը˷ĩ
Ӯֿ֮ʼЦֹнȻѾЩϲˡħֻܸŸͣ˭֪ħͷһײϵġ
һͷȻվҪϳ壬һסͷִǰӻһ׹ȥ
ħǹͷһȻ廯İ׹⣬ڿһֱӾ͵ѪӥԣͬʱгһֱѪӥȥѪӥȻŤͷзɱһৡһڹͷ󺺳嵽ǰʱȻʧ
ͷжˣʱɫһ䡣
ħ˿ųϵ龰ʱֱҡͷΪħԵʣ߽׵ħʿһԽǵ˷Խǵ׶Խǿ󣬾˵Ұһ֮ƾµĳġ
Ȼͷ󺺻ûзѪӥٵʱȻоһȻһֻצֱӴѪֱס࣬ءһ죬ֱӱˣǹͷʿȫһɫˢһ
ѪӥѾվһ̵Ĺâ
ءһͷֱӱˡ
ѪӥٴοЦзҫһվڳϵӾǶħһ㡣


ʮһ ۷֮· 399Ҷǳ
֮˴ʱȫʧȥ־ˣ֪ԺħҲһǲԸȥѪӥٶˡ
ǰ˱ʱʮ˵ĳս˵ֻʣһˡ
㿴ңҿ㣬ȴûһԸϵġ
Ѫӥվڳϣʤߵ̬һʿʬ塣
ʱħҲ׷׻Ͼ⳵սڣ̵ĿѾСˣ˵ȫûз̵Ŀˣħ˷ʼжŮʿʯԴеѾʼ˭Ĺʹ˭ĹСˡ
ǣûӮˣѪӥŶһڻͷʿʱдΪ졣
ϻʳûʱʱѣղʩչһУȫѾեˣĿǰʣµĸҲħĶ֣ۿһҪˣֻ̾Ϣ
ˣû˳ǾӮˣǾҪԼ䣡Ѫӥԭȥˣʿ䵽߳ŭֱӽϻʳըɣһ񣬻ԼɾͻˣֻܰԼ
ѪӥĿһɨȻעʿĶЩʿһһƬ࣬ûʲô־
ѪӥȻһʱƺʤǳϻʳ֮ڶĲƸϻʳħʿĺõطħʿţ˭ܽϻʳǹĳΪһƬΪϻʳڵĲƸʵǶʤħʿϻʳǣ飬˵ϻʳ˶ħʿʬꡣ
ڣлˣܳΪ꣬ǧһɹϻʳǵħʿһս϶սħ󷴹ʱҲ̵һ˵ܵõѪпħʶȻֱӵ㲦Ϊ벽񼶱ĸ֣Ͼ֪ĿǰħܺѪпħ򽻵ħ߲㶼ǰ벽񼶱ģûдﵽ벽ħ󷴹ֻܳ䵱һڻҵľɫ
Ϊδ󷴹ڸǿħ֣׷׳ۼѪпħ£ħ˵һηĴûᣬħʿһ𣬲֪кܶħʿΪҵѪпħĴ󲿶ӣԽüҪܻܿỨʱ䣬Ҫǣ͵㶼ǿʿһЩ͵㷢ħʿֱɱ
˿жħʿڻûмѪпħʱˡ
Ѫпħħʿеһ˴ĸ벽һսɱʮ߸벽һսʧˣҲκ˶𾴵ģѪпħǿͶħϾѪпħΪȼֻһ벽ѣȴɱô߽ͬ׵񣬾˵ħֻҪһľ磬ͿһսüԽսջԺܶ˵ġ
ħѾûǧĽ죬вʿִħѪӥԼ֮һҪ֪ԽսĿԼΪ㣬֮һ˲ſԽսΪ˳Ϊ֮һϢ뿪˼壬ħΪľ׷ߵȼ
ڣˣʿֲ־ܵĳ̶ȵѪпħѾˣħֿʼˣκħʿ˵һĺ£ȻȻͶѪпħĸԸĳΪѪпħǰ䣬Ϊħڶ󷴹ʿеһԱ
һֻҪɵúã϶õʶһĽħ󷴹ĺĲ㣬ʱһħɹͿԺ˸赲ˣȵԴȨ֮ʱ˳ΪĿܡ
κ˵ĳɹҪһһȥھѾǺˣϻʳеҪӡ
ǰѾȫûж־ʿѪӥ泩ѡ
һѪӥȻһҪعأˣ
ûУѪӥЦʱһʿȴʿˮȻ
ʲôһȻʱڳϻվһˡ
Ҷ档
㣡ʲôѪӥҶ澹Ȼ֪վʱдŤͷǶħʿħ˶һ㶵ӡ
Ҷ濴Ѫӥ˵Ҵһ
ʲôЦҶѣҵһ˫ŮѾǵҵĴˣʲô򣬿ϰħͲʿʲô֣ȥɣҶѣһռϻʳĹһҪӷϴлأѪӥҶ棬еķȴ٣Ƶ˵ʵڿҶվǰһ̾ѾԤϵҶܳΪɹİʯʵڲٿҪɹʱ˲һţžѹסͰ˵
Ҷ濴ѪӥҡҡͷҲħʿȻԸħҲʿȴ뿴ô˱ɱˣʱվ֮У
ʱʿһӦǸտʼҶ˲ֵʱԼȫסˣΪҶǰϻʳĴսܶ˶֪ΪҶħʿͻȻսһӶת
Ҷô˵ʱʿϾҶʵǶϻʳսʱ˵൱һּӽսֿ϶ת
Ҷô˵ħ˶ȻһŭĺҶ棬˵ͽ
ѪӥɱһȻһֹħʿҶĺĿҶ˵Ҷѣұ޳ԹһжҲʿûΪʿͷ˵һ飬뿪ҪȻҪҲȻضˣҸħ仰Ҳ˵ڶˣ
ҶѪӥ˵евζ˵ٶ˵ˡһһֵģҲְɣ
ѪӥҶô˵ʱⱬһ䣬
ҶȻɣ
ৡһѪӥĺɫ˲֣һɹɺɫϢϵǿ˲ͬǰһʧˡ
˿ųϵҶ棬֪һ˫ɫǿٶȾһܱȵϵģǰ˶ٶ֪Ҷܲܶÿ˶ųϵʱҶȴһ˴۾ľٶ
ı۾
˶𾪵ĿҶ棬˳ĸ⣬ʣµľԸԴɵˡ
ʱҶ˲ñô۾վڳϣΧϢı仯
ʵӸղ濴ŵʱѾ֪Ѫӥжʽ˿ȴĺѪӥÿνȴԶתһһ߼תһ߿ȵ뵽һΧ֮󣬱㿪ʼֱӳ֣䲻⡣
ΪҶѾ˽⵽Ѫӥ˲ٿôԼߵģֻĸоԼΧһΧڵϢһѪӥߣΧڣ׼ȷĸֱ֪ӳ֡

΢Ϣܺ΢ǱҶ沶׽ˣѪӥѾʼΧˣйâһؽ˲͵УһĨҫ
Ѫӥʱٶ죬ӰӶµĳҶܽܿʣʮ׵ľ룬ֻҪٽһͿԳˡ
ৡһѪӥ˲֣Ȼһڹ⳯Ҷıȥͬһʱ̣ҶҲˣеؽȻǿһӿ׵磬˲γһǿ׵ܼܶĳѪӥǵصĴܹ
Ѫӥһû뵽ҶķӦô죬ɫǿ˲͸˹ûֻһ˲䣬һֱӳʧ
Ҷ޼˲ǹȥȴ˸գڿ
ѪӥҶķӦ֮죬ʱо˺ܶ࣬һֱԼٶڳϷɴܣȴû˿ֵļҶһϻʳĸ֣ԺһҪСģҵʵĻС
Ҷٴα۾ܣһöûиоѪӥϢǾֻһֿܣѪӥһֱûнʱѪӥŻ
ҶҲżĿվţſռı仯
սħʿϵʱһо棬Ҷʵ˳Ⱥղŵһγ֣ȻѪӥĳٶһ죬ȻҶҲһʵĸ֣оأǿԽսʵ˷˼
ৡ
׵ģѪӥ˲֣Ҷ浥һһǿѪɫֱӳһɫѪӥ˲ֱ֮һٴʧˡ
ҶЦһһһ޼ٴܼ׵˲佫ѪӥʩչĳɫŸǰ̶ֱըѡ
ҶճֵʱѪӥȻٴιĳҶǰҶ֮ûüٴλֵĿյֱӳҶ͹ϳɫֱӱΪһҶеʱҶȻתһֱӴ䵤žٴܽ˫У˫϶ʱơ
ৡһҶʩչ׾̤弱ʧ
Ѫӥһֱӻգʱ󾪣û뵽ٶȺˡ𾪵ʱֻоһϢܣʱһɫĳȻȣȻһڹ⣬ڿʧʧʱҶȻԭڵλãؽƲ
Ѫӥŵһ亹ղ˿񣬱ضֱӱؽᴩ
ܿ죬˾Ϳʼ׷޴ڿռطɴܣ˸оһǿԴӿǿˣȿѪӥҲҶ棬˾ȫӳһ
ৡ˵ĲӰ˲֣Ȼһײ֮źķٴʧ
֮ٴž֮С
˶ܸоⰲŵľ޴ɱ
ǸֵĶԾ𣿡һΪǳʿųս亹ֱðһվһ߹ۿǧѰս˺ܶೡĳȣĿﵽ㣬ѪӥϻʳսʱȫѾǿʵ۷ˣǿսܾˡ
ΪûбǿսʱҶϳˡս֣ǰսѪڣʿǿ󣬵ⳡսѹ
Ϣ޴ѹȵϮۿһ˵ȫŵĿţȻʲôûУȴû˸Ϣս˵ͷѹһʯͷһ
ʱʤʿ亹ð˳ʿˮв뵽
ৡһһײһǿХ˿Ӱ˲һҲ˭ֻܿӰһײһ𻨣ٴʧ
ѪӥҶͬһ㣬ڳչֳµٶȣսȻϢȴʵռ֡
ϻʳ֮սħĳɰܣڴһ٣


ʮһ ۷֮· 400¸ֶԾ۷
ҶѪӥ˻ϢĿڽ˿һڳڶħֶûио˵Ĵڡ
Ȧʱʱһ⵶ײĻȴֱӸǣ˵սǿôƽ
Ҷʩչſ׾̤ڵϼٴܶڿһĶܣſܺѪӥ벢׷٣ΪʵϾҶʩչǿѪӥһ˫ɫҶĿ׾̤Ҫһ㣬ڿ׾̤ҪʤһҶڼٷɴܵʱ򣬲ϵı÷ͬһڿռҴܣʹѪӥںʩչɫҲץס˵ٲҶ档
Ҷ弱ٳͨ߳ԺѪӥڻ׷𹥻
ءļ죬ҶؽϵıǿѪӥǿнһ𣬱һȭȭˮһ
ѪӥʱѾЩŲסˣղŽĴսԶԶҶ棬ܴ֮ھΪħǿĺЩڼ˵ǱܣǱ޶ȵģԵѾ˺ڣΨһѡսپҲлᡣ
Ҷٵķɴܣһһǳǳĺۼ֮˲䣬ѪӥҲһš
ڳ˶ųϵı仯һ
һжʱ򣬡ءһ죬һ㶣ֻһڹ˲䱻Ȼֱ˵ϣһӰڿ˲ҶΡ
ڵϵѪӥѪӥڵϵʱ򣬻һ˿𾪣ƺû뵽ҶܲղŵĹ
ղǲץҶĹ켣һͨǱ˲ﵽĿģ֮һֱû׷Ҷ棬ǲϵı任κͷ򣬵ҴܣҪҶߣҶЩɻĿΧΪлˣȻ˲֣ûݵֳɹҶѸһ˲ʧȻһ˲󣬾޴׵ӿһֱӾ˳ÿ죬ֻƤǶ΢һ㣬¾ͱ߲סȻһͿԼˡ
ǺܾȣҶηڵٵġ
ʵҶһΪΪڸ֪һҪǿĶ࣬ԼҲǿڸ֪ƽľɱ֣ϵԼһף˲ֱƴ֪ϲκˡ
ҶֳؽֱվţۿЩǱվѪӥ˵Ѫӥ۷״̬ĻҲЩͷֻۣѡܣѪӥϻʳһսѾʮˣ˵Ϊ塣
ѪӥҶ棬һŭҪӮˣɱһҧ
ҵģѪӥҶ棬ԭ̫Ҷһ򣬶ʱ߳ŭҲܺˣЦһ£˲ǵһ˿Ѫ
Ҷ濴Ѫӥı飬֪Ѫӥ϶ʲôˣȻħġħ䡷ӴħʿҲֻѪпħˣȴ֪ħʿһԼѧֵΪܶиָĹĹ䣬ħ˿νǽƻթˡ
ҶۿѪӥû˵
ѪӥһȻ󼫿˼ȫȻʼһƵɫϴƤܳһͬһܳܿͻһѪɫĳΧתͬʱһɹɳɫʼͷɢ
ɫܿϵ֮£ܿռһ롣
ҶӡৡһʧˣΣҲѪӥʩչ˾ֱӽˡ
Ѫӥ˿ûҶ棬ȻĬĬǳɫʼϵӺΧĿռ䶼ɫͬѪһռˣһڲϵͣҲȫѪɫġ
Ҷ濴רʩչѪӥȻһȻ˲ͳѪӥֱӳȥͬʱеؽһǿ⣬˲ͽѪӥ棬ͬʱҶ˲֣һǿ⣬ֱӱѪӥԴȥ
ҶһкģϾĿǰ˵⣬û˭ܶùġ
Ҷȥһ˲䣬ѪӥӵûһֱϵǿѪɫ˲ʹ˳ڿһתȻͳҶҶû׼û뵽ȻսؽԭǿѪӥģֻܽǶһתžܹȥ
һ޼˲γɣʮŵ׵ǵأҶĿֱγ˰뻡Σ˲ͳɫĳһ𣬾޴һǿĻ޴ͬӿĺХײһ𣬱ĻֱγһУΧ˲䱻ɣ˿ռ𵴵ĸо
ͬʱҶһ޼ײһĻᣬ㿪ɫ
ȴû뵽޼ײɢ֮󣬾ȻΧĳɫٴγˡҶ󾪣ԭΪɫʲôأڿԭΪ˸ǳɫá
ٴֱ֮ӻһٴδܳҶ񱼶Ҷ治ѣֻٴʩչ޼ǳɫٴκ޼ײһ𣬶ͬʱһλϳɫٴ۳ɹһγ
ҶԭѪӥʩչȴû뵽ζɫϣҲοٵĹãĳɫУǳǿһɫǿĲ֮Ҳ㹻ͷ۵ġ
ҶڲףֲѪӥʩչʱ޿ֵģԭд㡣ҶʱЩŭ⣬תȻѪӥһͨ߰˵޼˲ǹȥһ׵ǵأâڿռвϵĴܶ޴ӿͬʱҶٴܶķʽͻơ
ȴδϵɫ˲ͳ嵽һ޼ϱͬʱһ˲͵һ޼ϣ֮Ѹپͺ߰˵ǵص޼ײһ𣬶ʱҶѾܵ˾Ѫӥ֮ңĵطؽֱӳͷ­Ͳ˹ȥ
˲䣬Ҷ滹Сɫʵһ˲ҶѪӥ֮γˣȻȻڿһƣֱӽҶΧҶһûϣʱŭ˫Ͽ׾̤˲ʩչȻৡĴӳΧ׷ж㿪
Ҷٴʧʱдŭ΢һ˼ǿʽ𲻵õģ΢һ˼Ҷʱơ
ͳƣȥȻʩչƣһ깥ֱӳѪӥȥ
ɫĳ˿ûиӦһ깥Ƶ깥ֱӾʹܽѪӥ壬Ҷ濴ѪӥȻһһȻ˫ۣȻȫһɫѪɫһǺܳ
Ҷʱһѵûã
ʱѾݲ룬ֻѪӥȻܳһǿаЩٵ߾ۼһǿֱӱž޴ৡһγһ޴ĳɫᦡ
׸ߣһͶħĺڴ󲼣һɹɺɫɫĹϢܣһаϢӿļУᦿʮֲֿԶһȳ֮Ҳɢ
ɻ귭һħʿ֮ȻΧһʱһɫ԰û뵽ѪӥķҿѾڳˡ
Ҷ۾һҲƺţɻ귭Ǵ˵пԽͨͨǿ󡢷ǰҲʿַΪɻ޴ȴƺѣһʿѡⶫǼ֮Ϊ˱Ҫϵɱˣħʿӵ෨ʿ䱸ϡ
Ҷû뵽һΪ˶Ըɻᦶóˣʱɫ
ٺ٣ѪӥЦһһ˿
һ˫ϵĳɫϢȻһɹɵϵĳɻ϶ʱҫ޴Ĺâ̶һĺУһɫĹȻɻ˳ϴǿϢͬһźɫ̫һȦȦɫƣûһǿϢ
Ǻɫ̫ٶȼ죬ХŶҶȻʩչ׾̤Ȼ˲ʹմܳãźɫ̫˲һյĸҶһ㶣û뵽һﾹȻԸ׷ٶȻӿ죬Ȼʩչ׾̤ڿвϵҴܡ
ѪӥҶ漱ٵıһ㶣Ȼٴ˫ϳɫâһֱӳ֣ɻٴαǿһɹϢϵķתƣһһźڹٴαŷһǿĻߣ˲ͳҶ˹ȥҶʱѹ֮˲䣬һϢܣɻѪӥĲ£ϵıһǿܿ׷ҶľоźɫϸĻ֣ᷢɻϵľŸɫ޵Ļ񲻼ˣȻɫźɻϵĺɫʲôϵ
źɫĹâϵĴܶٶȼ죬Ҳںһֱ׷Ҷ治ϵĴֻܶͬһ޴аɴӿһХŶҶھźɫ׷£ٿ񱼣ʩչٶȣüζǿĶܿϵ׷ҶҲоѹܴһ׷ѹ
Ҷһ߲ϵھźڹҴܣһм˼ν⣬ȥҪһսĿܾҪϵƣܺʹɢЩɫš
¶֮Ҷ˲֣һǿٵһҶһ߼ٷɴܣһؽ޼вӣ˲ĺɫžײһ𣬵Ҷ۾Щź޼ײһ֮󣬾ȻֱӴ˹ȥȫû˿ֱײ
ô£Ҷд󾪡
ˣЩɫ깥Ҷ˲ףʱд󺧣һοʵ깥ǰǾһ깥ֹ۾ǿģֻܸӦһξȻʵ깥ʵȡ
ԭ깥ҲԻΪʵ壡
ʱеЩˣŹȫ깥Ļھ鷳ˣ޼նǽ𲻵ãΪЩǺʵԿģŹвʵ幥ҪǿĶֲ࣬úܶһɻᦾɫףҲΪп׾̤ڿмôãһʿ϶类׷ˣһ׷ϣЩڹֱӽ꣬ڱɵġ
ѪӥҶ滯һڹⲻϵҴܣʱ𾪣֮ŭû뵽Ҷʵǿ󣬾ȻΧ׷½гôʱ䣬ǾźڹʵʱƵģʱԽԽԽԽʱҪصɻſԣٳʱײҶĻ鷳ˡ
ʱҶҲЩסˣϾڹʵ̫ǿٶȼ죬оţΧ׷ʱʱ̶̿壬ʵٳȥˣм˼Žİ취ͻȻһؽϵ
ҲЧҶʱдϲȻܿ콫ؽϵ߶
˲䣬һɫĹֱӳ֣һ׷ĺɫȥཻ֮͡һǺɫĹ˲ʧˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 401¼ȡʤ
Ҷʱдϲ
ʱѪӥħʿʿ˶׷𾪣ԭҶҪɫŻ䣬ڿҶ治ᱻ䣬пֱƿⱻΪ޷ܵɻᦡ
Ѫӥи𾪲ѣû뵽һΪһʤɱоȻƽ⣬ҶؽϵǿɫʲôȻǿ깥
ΣѪӥͻȻ˾ģҶƽڹ⣬̾ʩչɻᦵһܡ
ʱҶдϲ֮£ٵеؽ⽫׷Ĺ⣬ֻʣŵʱȴһЩ⣬ٶ죬ƺ߸֮󱻣˽ѵڿвϵĳֳҡڽķʽʮأҡڵĹУٿȻһͣټͽֹнʽҶüζûյźڹ⣬ֻڿвϵľ
˿ҶѪӥսʱѾо֮ĲˣҶ棬صʿȻչֳǿп޵ڶܺԿˡ
ϻʳҶ棬ŷ˵һҶһʱֻоԷʵɲ⣬ԼҲĵģڿĸͲֵһᣬҶʵ۷ʱҪһ֣ʵ¾һʿܴﵽĿǰҶһֻأ϶ʲôڵԭشܾظ֣˿νǧŵһˡ
ʱĿһתȴѪӥ߳µ״ֻѪӥһĬĬ֮󣬿ռжʱһźȻѪӥȻ³һھѪھѪܿڽ˺ɫ֮УǺɫ˲˺ɫ̶ֱӴܽɻ
̶̵һ˲֮ԭ״ɻ˲ͱףֱˡ
ħͷҪʲôϻʳѪӥɻҪսӡ
ʱҶҲոշ˲СĹŽʣµźڹ
ղźźڹ֮䵱Ŀ׾̤ٶȹϵϳ˷ͲôŵΧ׷½»ɻᦵ治СӦʩչķʲôҪȻѪӥʩչˡ
ڽ˾źڹ⣬ȫʪ͸ˣҾʹǳʱתµĺ֢
ҶһڵϣʱѪӥѾʼʩչһˡʱѪӥȫɫĹâţһ޴ķɫķ󲻶ϵתȻ˸һɫϢӷܳѪӥ˫ţѪӥǳ˵һʱеɻѾúСˣУԭĺɫͼȫʧһͨͨĴᦡ
һѪɫϢϵĴ̶ܳսɻ
Ҷһ֪һضʲôУɻϵľźڹ֮ͲСɻᦣһʩչɹһιǴ鷳ˡ
ৡһҶ˲仯һźڹ⣬ֱӾͳѪӥܹȥһǿӿ˫ϵ׵绯ߣƲ
Ҷ˲ʹܽѪӥ´ķΧڣһȥʱǾ˴һǴӵص˲ðɫϢĴ֣˲䳯ҶϯҶʱоһΣУȻؽǾĳɫȥڴʱоΧռ˲أҲ˾޴Σ֮Уƺֱһ
ָоҶûиоʱʲô⣬ԭǴǿٶȣֱӴܵѪӥĸǰȻ˲֣Ѫӥɱ֮ٴܳû뵽Ӧô죬òı⣬弱Ϸɣһܳһ򵥵ĶҶȴоϱ߰ǧһʮֳٻҧܳġ
֮Ҷ治ϵĳشϢû뵽Ѫӥﻹǿ󷨣ֱӼƺǷɵԽߣԽ󣬿ǽȥˡ
ҶۿѪӰƺҪʩչˣʱؽƣＲתһٴܳľһͨתֱӹؽ棬ؽһǿӣǿ̫ͬһĹԣΧضҫһƬҰס
ҶʮǿֻʩչնеǰڣһǿµؽѾ̫ͬˣǰʩչնʱ޴
ʱϵ˶۾Ϊʱؽɢʵ̫ǿˣ˶𾪲ѣâֱӽѪӥĳɫâˣ棬ʱһжǱؽǿâˡ
նҶһȻؽȻ£һǿ֮˲䣬һǿֱӱ˳̶ѸٵĻһϵĳѪӥɴܣͬʱһҲ֮Զռ䶼粼֮˲仯ŲͬĹ죬Ѫӥٷɴܣ޴һӿ縲Χأ޴ͬɽХһֱԾΪϯȥ
κ˶оһľһʿȻôǿ
ŵ˲ʹܵѪӥǰĴУһ˲䣬һڳĳˡ
ǾŵԴܽȥɫĹâֱӲǿʱǴϵĳɫǣءһͨ첻ϱ޴ڿзɴܣɫҶʩչԪײһ𣬶ʱڴӿѪӥĴҶڴзĽ֯󶼲ȶĲǾŵҲڴС
̶ءһһڳɫâľֱӱը޴ĳ幥ͬХһĴܣҲʼը޴ڿвϵҴܣһǿٴܶһ˲䣬ĵػҡ
ڱըУҶһֱվ棬ĶѪӥֻҪѪӥһ˿һضֱӷɳȥѪӥȴһֱ̩ɽһվţû˿ҡı֣ըʱϱ㷺һѪɫĻ⣬һֱ䡣
ҶԭžʹնﲻѪӥҲӦÿԶҡȻֱӳȥͿԣȴķʮȹ̣û˿ֻھŵըʱʹķΧС˺ܶ࣬Ҳһı֡
Ҷ濴ն󣬱ñ취һֱȥʩչΣҲЧ
ȻؽٴʩչնûʩչȴѪӥһȣȻֱҶһʱѪӥĸУһǿѪɫâת̶ǿŲϵıһɫΧ弱תϵĴڣѾ˾˵ı仯ʱĴϣһԴٴӿ޴ĺɫĴϴȻֱӱѪӥȻѪӥôʲô
Ҷ濴ѪӥȻʩչˣʱд󾪣гȻһӣʮŵâ˲γɣȻȻһǿֱӴ˹ȥѪӥоҶĳ֣ʱЦ˫סɻᦣһɫ˫ϼٹɻȻһȣ̶ٻӶɻᦡ
ৡһɻѪɫâӿѪӥһ˲һǿĳɫâɻ˲䱻ʼʱ򲻴󣬵ŷ䣬ԽԽǵصľʹ˹ȥ޼ײһ˲ͽ޼ƿ̶ɽХһϯҶ档
Ҷû뵽ⶫǿ޼ֽһƣʱд󾪣˫ƣҪܣȴѾˡ
źϸ˿ɫϸ˿˲䲼Χ׷ΧҶҲ棬һ˲֮Ҷоһɾ޴ȫãҶʱ󾪣û뵽ⶫȻſռ
ʱ뵽˽취˲䱻ȻԼΧĿռĶȡ˿ռĿȨҲѾˣɽХһ˲ͽΧҲصܿͽϵһƿռ
ৡأһ죬ǳɫҶΪģֱӱըһͬɽһ޴ٽΧռ伷ռһǿĵըĳΧռֱӺɨ˲佫ֱ̨ըƽΧʿһʱŵɫף˲ͼԼķʩչʩֱӱըɷĩ
ǿĳķƷˣɻңڳ֮ɨҷɣʵ̫ǿˡ
ģԶȥƽһ̳зɢ
˲ŸҳȥһµĶ̨ϣû뵽̨ϵһսȻܲô󣬺ܶΪ͵ʿֱӱըʵ˺¡
һɢȥ֮˲ſϵѪӥʱѪӥﱧɻᦣɫҰ׵վ̨ϣȻķѼһоԺľʮˡΧԶѾһƬƽ̹ķ棬ʱտܿԳΪģһ޴ķԲΣǸղըġ
ʱķһƬĵģ˶˵ųϵս
ûҶ档
ֻѪӥһվ̨ϡ
֮һŵѰûпʱһи̾ôǿıըһը飬˵ҶˣҶͭͷۣ¶֧Ųסһը֮˷׷׾ڵˡҶһԭԼǾˣֻ־ܡ
ħȻһ£ȴдϲһҶһǾɨȥһ谭ˡ
ϻʳѪӥҡҡλεıѾ޹ɻᦣЩ˵£˰ɣеĸֶҴˣӦ־˰ɣ
ϻʳ˵Ĳ»վƽ̹ķ棬иֻ̾öԲҶ棬ҶΪ̾һ֮˵ֻܹǼˣħȷʵӮˣ޻˵ֻҶʵĿϧϣһ鱮Ϊ
ţģһģħͽʵǿ󣬱ԲȴΪͷҲһӢۺܣѪӥ˵ţȫ޴˷ڸǣз
Ŷʱħֱӻ
ʰ׼ͶʱмķͻȻ˶˶Ǳס˲ӵѼһ˲ʧһ۾ɵϴ󣬿мǿ档ѪӥϻʳҲ׷ɫһ䣬ŵĿмķ档
һȴ汬Ȼءһը죬Ƿϵֱӱը˶ʱ󾪣һţǿıը£Ǵڱըģܹ˻
һģһ˴˳Ѫ˲ᣬϿȷʵҶɡ
⡣ôܣѪӥվҶ棬ʱ
ҶĴϢţ³һѪʱѾһ˿񣬿ѪӥЦȷʵһˣ϶ˣҶͲһˣҶ⼸ϴμġҡϴӣҼֲϵĲϴڵǿǰ߰ʮ˵ʵǿıը£ȫըˣͷըͬʱҧ꣬ڶһ١
ӣӣѪӥҶЦݣʱ


ʮһ ۷֮· 402»ָ
ҶЦţȻȫѪȴûܵˣƤ˶˵ʲô
ʵû뵽ԼļҾȻʱ
ӷվʱ˶һһѪˡ
ѪӥվԶҶ棬ɫѾ԰ֽˣû뵽ڱըĵҶ涼ܹ⼸ѾԽļˣǿȱʯҪӲٱ
Ҷʱһ⣬ͬʱһ˿һĳѪӥ߹ȥʱѪӥѾȫû˿ˣվҲҪɻᦲУ˵սˣҿҶѪ߹ѾȫˣҶεǿ
ҶһȥеҡΣȴҧ
ѪӥͷѾЩƵĳ뵽ΪνŬڿҪɹʱȴⲻķսʤжҪԼܷѪӥҧҧȻɻᦵȣһһĳȥƺҶƴˡ
Ѫӥȫһв˵ģֻܿˣҶ汻˳϶Ҳòȥ˵ƴȥȡʤҶ濴Ѫӥһȳһյ߹ǹһ˿Цݡ
ѪӥߵǰĲʱҶȻһһѸ
ССĳڿѸɢԼʮֻѪӥ˹ȥѪӥԼ˹ɻ棬ʱһ㶣û뵽ȻҶ滹һ֣ʱдһ㶷־ֱӱʲôûУԿֻܲסĺˡ
Ҷ濴ѪӥˣһЩͷɴܹȥĸܿڿвٽˡ
ɣһӮˣҶ濴Ѫӥ˵Ѫӥ֮һ㶣ȻסӣþòֺǽסһѪӥתͷɫ̫һɫĹâҫϣʱоһ󱯲
ˣã̾˿
һڣħ˷׷׳Ĭˣһͬ˲Ӭһѿ
Ѫӥô˵ʱһһȻһмĿҶ档
߰ɣҶ濴Ѫӥ˵ɱҲˣ
Ѫӥɫ԰ֽĿ˿Ҷ棬Ƕ˶ȴû˵һңҡҡλεȻֱ³һѪԵڵˡ
ħʿ˲ɽȥ̧˻ȥȻһ鵤Ѫӥȴһ࣬˿ûзӦȻһܵش֮˵ע£ħ˷׷޴۷ȥͬʱܲеһɹħʿСҲʼ뿪
˿޴ۺʿȥıӰϻɫ̫ҫ£Եʮʧ䣬ȴнٺĸо
ϻʳҪվԱߵ˵
˷ϻʳϻʳƿˣЩĵĳҶ߹ȥߵҶǰʱ򣬡ͨһˡ
ҴϻʳǴµʿգлҶѣ˵ϻʳҪߵȥҶижæҪϻʳʱͻȻоǰһڣ˾ʧȥƽ⣬ֱԵڵء
ϻʳһȥһѽסҶ棬󺰵ҶѣҶѣ
ΧʿҲ׷
죬ͽһʿ󺰵
ҶֻоһҡҡλΣ˶оһתȻͳ׵Ĳʡˡ

ģҶһΡ
μ˺ܶˣĸףãϹѣʦս
Щζǹ½ģкܶȥҲһγһƬԺܣվһƬ׵ĺߡ
ˮһһģɳ̲ɽһɫĺۼЩۼֺܿɢԶԶģҶ濴һˣһŮˣıӰվںߣʱоһůĸоźһ𴵷壬һǿҵҪԷ
һĳŮȥܿ͵˶Էı󣬺˼ȴ֪Էʲô֣ȴ
ǸŮӣŮӻתȴ飬΢΢Ц⣬Žɫ⣬ͬŮһ
Ҷʱסˣʱıȴһ˽ϤʱһתͷȥȴϹվϹЦ⣬ڿ֮ϵЦݶʱסˣȻתߡ
Ҷʱд󼱣Ϲ׷˹ȥϹѵٶԽԽ죬˦ԶԶģҶҪʩչ׾̤ȥ׷ȴʩչˣֻĿϹʧһɾĸоӿʹʹȻĹںߣȻ
һҶȻ
оͷ亹ϴһһ֮ҶŷΧյķ䣬֪ںηϸع˻֮ǰһֱ벻ʲô˰ǴѪӥ֮Եġ
̽һȫȫƤѾָǰͬʱľ˳ûʲô󰭣֪ʲôҩЩطеյʹ⣬ȫָ״̬
Ҷ̽ûд֮󣬾׼´´žͱƿˣһȵŮ˽ҶʱðѶŵĶڵϣȻסͣ۾ɵԲ
Ҷһ㶾Լʲô֣Ϊʲô֮˻˾ȣûʣŮ޾˳ȥҶЩƵҡҡͷǬȡһ·ϣմ꣬͸оһӵƺдʿ
һűƿһʿ߽Ҷ滻һ·ʱһ㶣ʿ׷һҶ棬һҲЩ㶡
ҶѣˣʿӦ֮һоϲ˵
ǰҶѣɵˣʿ͵˾ͺˣʵ˵İ
һ˺ܶ𣿡ҶЩɻʵ
²˶죿ʿʵ
֪Ҷҡҡͷʿָͷ
죿Ҷʵ
ʮ죡ʿ֣ص˵
ʲôҶһ㶣Ȼ˯ʮ죡
ǰҲ˯üζϢ΢һʱֹͣһʱܲȶʱǿʱʵ˵ĵĺܣˣʿ˵ţҶԼһ亹û뵽ôأǱըըĶǺܴģֻǹֳѡ
ǽصĺҩˣžһΪϰҽʿַչ˵ġʿµ˵
Ҷһʱимлл
ô˵ǶлŶԣûĸϻʳǾ군ˡʿһм˵ʿҲ׷׵ͷǡ
ǳأҶ룬ʵ
ˣһʱ䶼ڰ޸ϻʳǣһֱæһʱ͹һֵ飬Ѿ֪ͨˣӦúܿͻᵽġһЩݵʿ˵
˼ȻæǾͲùˣҶĳʵҪʹ˸ǣҶ汾²ˣдҲûжȤ˿ϻʳڱߣʵԭϻʳҲǴ˵ǵ顣
һ׷װ֣ȰǺòҶѹôܾߡ
Ҷѣ򲻿ɰһߣǼԺҪǧˣʿҶҪߣʱһݵ˵
ҶһʱЩƣߣΪʲôҪǧ
Ҷ֪ѾǺչ㣬֮ҪлͬʱҪĹݸлϻʳǵİ֪Ҷǣһм㣬Ҫǧס㣬ϻʳǵ˶ʮעˮ֮ӿȪ౨һ˶ܼᶨҪǷߣƱҪǧģǳеҶҪĴߣҲԣԵȵĴ֮˵ʿ˵߿ڳһʮֱݵӡ
ʿҲ׷׵ͷǣһϹűı顣
ҶЩ˵˵Ҳо˲ã˵ͷȵϻʳ֮ٸ
˴ӵҶ泯ߣҶŷϻʳУһ·ҶѹϢֶߣʿ֪ӿȵҶߵʱѾһٶ˴ӵˣһϲ
Ҷ浽˴ʱʵЩ̫ϲôΧţʿ˵£ʿ˵ͷȻ˵ҶĿǰ󲡳ܴ󱯴ϲϣ⣬ҪΧ̫ҶԺٿĴϺʹҼ棬Ӧøһ˵徻ʿϻʳҽʿôһ˵˶׷ױʾ⣬Ȼ׷ЦĳҶ
Ҷ濴ЩϵЦݣҲԼƴûдһðֵõġ
ܿҶ߾徻ˣʿǧҶǧҪ뿪ҪȻǾԲϻʳǵˣҶ˵ͷʾߣʵѾҪߵ⣬ֻڲ뿪ȵϻʳˣٸͺãʲôлĴ֮࣬òŲμˡ
һתţ˿ĽȻߵĸǰվսĴ㳡ϣŶϻʳǣɫ̫һɡ
ʱϻʳڵ㽨죬һʿСӲϵĴž޴ʯϷɴܣǾ޴ޱŽ߹һ޴ĺͽһԴӵ𣬳濴ʮ׳ۡ
ħƻϻʳǣһµĽ󣬽ԭĳΣһ¡
һ֮Ȼ⣬һâٵĴܶڿйι֮˲ʹܵҶĸǰӰۼһϻʳˡ
Ҷ濴˹ϻʳʱǰһ˶˷Ҷ濴ɫȻѾָ˱֮ǰ״̬ˡ
Ҷѣ˰ĺһѲϻʳæȥЦǺǵ˵
ҶҲ΢΢һЦǺǣǣҶҲǸ֮ˣôôˡʮлչˣ˵㽫ϻʳصҩﶼóˣǸмأ
˵Щʲô˵ʵΪ˾㣬ҪҸԼҶϧҶΪϻʳǵĹ׽ԶļصϻʳǵʷУҶˣǵĴҲڿԾٰˣʱϻʳľϻʳЦ˵
Ҷ˵ͷȻ˵Щ˵ˣȻˣҾҪˣԭֱӸǣǶʵڲòԲ֮øǡֻһϲֵˣĴᣬҳֻ֣ǲԸħɱ޹ˣɱħ֮ˣҲվģͼʲôرˣлʲôģʲôģʵܲ𡣡
ϻʳһʱȰһҶҪߣҲ׷ȰҶѾˣίľܾΧ˵Ȱ˵
ϻʳһʵȰסĬһӣҶ˵ðɣȻҶҪߣҲǿʲôһ仰Ҫ˵֮Ҷپ߲ߣòã
Ҷ濴ϻʳıƺЩأ˵ͷã˵
ڻԵʱΪѰѹѵɶԣϻʳΧ֧ȻҶѹ˵


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Ҷϻʳô˵ʱ¶һ˿衣
ѲؽţҼȻ˵ȻǳĳġϻʳϿҵ˵
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ҿҶѵΪһֻͣأʵѾ˾صģѹ֮󣬲ŷ֣ѵľٳٲǸйصġҲ϶ɣֻûѣϻʳѹ˵ǡɣаҩɣΪ԰ѣ֪ѿϲҰ
ҶĬһӣû˵ʵϻʳô˵һ˿ϣȻʵ֮󣬶ھѾоνˣʵҲͻƵģϾʵ;ֶ˳ܶණ벻ı仯սسڣǵ߰أҲͿս۷壬ٽʮˡ磬ԺΪҪҲЩ谭ˡ
һֱҪ죬֪ԼΪʲôٳٲϻʳôһ˵еϣûֱӾܾһˣһεѾ˺ܶ࣬ȻãҲѵãûмҴҴӦ¡
ҶûдӦϻʳ֪ҶʲôˣϿҵ˵ҶѣǵϻʳǵĹףǲǵģôϻʳǵʿû飬ԣǣȫں⡣
Ҷ˵ͷðɡʢȴҾסϼˡ
ǺǣãϻʳҶӦЦտʿҲһϲ
ǾϻʳĹΪҶ氲һƧСԺӾסȻҶסϻʳǱ㿪ʼ׼Ҷһ
ļ죬Ҷ￪ʼﲻǰݻᣬҶӲͷƤӴˣ漸ϻʳԼţϻʳ㷢˲Ҫ״Ҷ֮ļ㰲ˡ
ڼҶȲѣμϻʳȫʿлĴᣬ̶̵ĺڶʿ˼룬µʿ׷ߵݣҶܳƲҡ
Щæ֮Ҷ徲ʱԡħ䡷ľ
һ׼Ҷڷʱϻʳˡ
Ҷѣһж׼ˣǿԹȥˣϻʳҶڴѵ
Ҷۣ˵ͷϻʳһϻʳĳȥ˳ĸڵȺţĸÿ˴·һڰ׺ƣɫ˵ʵҶ濴ͨصʵһŮѾȺʱˡ
ϻʳҶ߹ȥ˶Ҷ涼ǹһݣҶǰ
ҶҲ
ҶѣλרĴʿ԰磡ϻʳָЩ˵Ҷ˵ͷ֪ЩȽΪֱȽϵ͵ˣǱỨؽΪߵĶʿ磬Ȼ˵ÿζɹҲԴƿĻʡȻԴĸ˵ҲĲٵ顣
ҶϻʳǵشףʹϻʳԸô磬ôҲЩأҶΪǸߣȴҪЭͻƾ硣
˺Ҷʶ֮ϻʳԴ˳ƫŵһС᷿ȥȥ֮Ҷ濴һʮּ򵥵᷿һŴһӣӣһˣҿ˴ɨӡ
ϻʳ߽ȥߵһǽ棬ǽϹŵֻȡȻһضĵطһ£ʱΧռ˲һŹֵĻɫͼ֮ϻʳĬĬ䣬ͼٵı任˼£ֱ֮ʧͼʧ֮룬ԭƽʯ˲ԳһͿڣһɫĹâҫ
ϻʳ˵
ҶûԥֱȽ˽ȥҲ׷׸Žȥȥ֮Ҷ淢һ浽ҫǵĹ⣬ľͷҫųɫĹâ
ϻʳߵߣ˵ϻʳǵĽأһǲܽģطС𾳡ǵһϻʳĵطڳǵʥغͽأÿʮֻ꣬Ϊʮ˵ã츳ʿܽһΣһΪ˸磬һΡ
Ҷһ߸лһߣоΧĿռ¶ԽԽȡȻ⡰𾳡һԪۼĵطһ˵Ԫۼ֮ضھкܴİΪԪ̶ܹȵĽΧͻƿʱӰ죬ȶĻͻƿ˵Ҫġ
˺ܿʹܹҶǰģһ޴Ŀռ䣬ǲϵĹ˵ҽͻʯռ䶼ʮȵģ˻Ԫҽͻʯ棬Ҷ濴һ޴Ļʯ̣ϰվŹԵĸֵ̣ϻвĻʯӣһ˿˿ðԵʯ̵ģһ̨ȻΪص׼ģռУһȵĿɨ
˵ؾǵһϻʳĵطһϻʳ֮ﻹǺܻߵһƬΧʱûܶʿ⵽ϮϻʳֻһƬҰһżȻĻᣬһϻʳطͻƵأʵǿնħɾ͹Դ˵ΪСϻʳǡϻʳǲϵ󣬽ڵĹģ˵ǲɶõıأһЭͻƿϻʳһ߽ܣһ˵
ҶҲ˵زжһ˿ϣ
Ҷѣʱ̨ϣĸʿĸλЭǣʱ򳤻̣ʱһܣڼÿһ붼пͻơԲиɡϻʳܵ
Ҷ˵ͷţҶĳ֪ġ
˵ĸ˶λˣҶҲ׼ߣϻʳȴеһЩҩûнѡ
˵ŴӻͳĸСӣȻ򿪵һҶʱһ㶡Ԫݣ
ǵģЭͻƿԪݣϻʳвһ˳⻹бˮ飬ߺԴͻƿĿܡ˵ϻʳִһӣһŵɫСӡ
Ϊһͻƣ֮ѻпͻƵڶ㣬ͻƵ㣬ﻹκͷﾫǣԱʱ֮裡˵ϻʳҲ򿪣һǽɫĹ壬⣬ˣһһöɫˮԿһֻɫ˾ɴܣʮ˵ʮѵõĺñ
Ҷ濴Щʱϲмó˺صܳ
ô˵ûҶѣЩȫù͸ħˣ˵ЩóȫǵıҲĸԸϻʳһ˵
Ҷипѣϻʳ֮ˣ
˴˱˴ˣҶѵĺƣҲĽϻʳһЦ
ҶȽԪݺͱˮţ̨ϣȻʼȫʼžתԪݺͱˮʼĸҶĲϷΧҶת
ãڿ󣡡ϻʳһ֮һΣܵһһСĽǰһȫѸ˫ֱӹСС
ʱСԭŵ۾ȻһɫĹâֱӴ۾дܳȻһǿٵϵһԲУԭԲӺܿһɫĹâԲͬʱռѸٵһǻһٵĴͣܿһâӿռܳŻʯ̰˸λϵ䡣
ŻҫʯϿʼҫһɫĹâռȶҲʼһɫڿռطɴܣռ䶼챻ռˡҶĸʿӰҲȫ棬ʲôˡ
ϻʳλãһ߸άַתһ߿ʼ
ʱһһĹȥеȶȲ֮ռпʼðһһһġȵȶȴﵽһ̶ȵʱ򣬱㿪ʼֹͣռҲʼһˡ
ʱҶ棬ſռһķɴܣڵﶼʼٵתһľȫܶʱ˿̣ҶоԼƺת۷塣
ı۾оΧռһ˳ë壬һٵĴܶǿԴϵ֮޴ĿռпʼһɹǿʱԪݺͱˮҲʼɢݳԪϵĽɫâͱˮϵĵɫâ֯һһٴӿֹâٵĽ֯һȻֱ뵽Ҷ
Ҷʱȫһ̺ΧĻܿﵽںͨ˳ĵز
ʱλʿҲ˹ϣÿ϶ӦĹâڰסֹâٵĽ֯һȻڿһֱҶУҶֻоȫһʮĻУһɹɵϸľעʮ̹Ҷ濪ʼȫĽһ޵״̬У˶ƺûиоˡ
޵״̬УҶֻһ˿ʶεƺҲܶණҲƺʲôûпֻоһ½ĹâΧʲôһ˳һţһֱͷ
ȻһţһڿеĴţǽɫģɢĹâŷĻƣȴֻܸоűʮǿҶоһ뵽ź棬ԤУźضһص磬̺޾ͨ
δһŵʱǽɫĸմȴͻȻˣһٵһҲŷռ䶼Ľɫâˡ
Ҷû˿ԥֱӳŴž˽ȥһҫůĸо鲼ȫҶо˾޴ѹ֮ΨһһʶֱӻˣһƬհףȻ䣬Ĺȥȥ߹ÿһû֮ǰʼ±ۿһ飬ߵÿһɱÿһˣÿһ֣ÿһģģģֲĵȵȵȵȣԺ¹һ飬ռ䶼ļƬ
ȻģĻ涨һ̡
ĸ׺ͱźӵĸס
Ǹøһʲôأĸͷ󺹣Ż޵
˼ãﲻϵⲽָ棬˵ͽҶɣ
šĸ׵һЦݡ
Ҷоһ͸úͼ䣬Ѿˣȴ»ζˡ
Ȼģоȫһ󣬴̥һȫǵĺԴǺֿ֮õ˾һصĽɫâͷų
ΧĻѾʧˣΨһֵģͷϵĲԶһţžһɢ仯һ͸
ֱҶӦôŽȥһᣬŽɴȥͬһʱ̣ԭǺɫɢˡ
Ҷӽɽȥһ˲䣬оػȻʣƺһĸоԭƺ廹еϰͻŵʱ˲ʧˣоԼƺˡ
ʵҶ治֪ԽǸɫţ谭ƿ


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Ҷͻƿһ˲䣬ԭȶĿռʱһε
˾ԸоһѣΣȻָֻܿƽ
ϻʳԭΪҶֹܻͣû뵽ҶȻûг˼΢˼֮άִת
ʱһһ룬һһ֣һʱһʱĹȥ
һ֮
ǳ᷿Ȼ򿪣˳Ҷ⣬˶ɫƣһһʱҶȴȣΪΪѾͻƵͨڡҲ˵һܵıչͻƹУҶ۷ֱԽ磬ﵽڵľ磬˵˵ˣҲҶĺйϵʵѾ˾صĳڵˡ
ζлλˣҶ濴ƣ԰׵мĹ˵
Ҷ츳ʵǿֻһöѣϻʳɫ԰ף΢΢һЦ˵
Ҷ֮еͻƣνտʼͻƵصʱ򻹺˵سͻƵڣͻƵ۷壬ٴ۷ͻƵسڣһֱسڽ׵ڡһͻƿںХҡһ㾪գüҶ涼ǸоԼ߶ľšȫûκαϣкüΣҶ涼оԼľƺˣȫӦռʱı仯ܶҲ᲻ΪԼ߻ħˣ͸о˺
Щǽһѣ»ص죬ҲкüҶоԼ߽˺ڶȫܿƵںڶﱻܣƺʱѵΣգҶҲ֪⵽ζʲôԭΪͷˣȴƽȶɹˣǺܺ£Ҷϸܸܽʲô鶼ҪסԼҪԼĿɿƵĿɰյķΧڡ
ܶκǰҪȹһԼܲܰסḶ̌ܲȫˣһȷʵð˼ķգԼүˣҺүûٺ
ɹ֮ҶҲ˺ܶ࣬ԭԼٳٲΪԵʣԺҪҲҪ²СĹˡ
Ҷϻʳĳһ죬ʽĸ뿪뿪ʱϻʳҶһ飬ǾҶʱ򣬲Ҫ̷ߣϻʳǵɵ߳źٷߡ
˵ҪҶףϻʳڸлĴͳ
Ҷ룬ԼȷʵϻʳʿĶ˷ȷʵЩˣӦϻʳ
ߵһ죬ϻʳǰ·Ҷϻʳǵɵߣһ·ϣϻʳǵʿ˿ҵĻҶ뿪һжʻҶһ·ʻ׷һɹɻҲУһŻЦ˷ܣϵĸоϣҶд֪ϻʳǣʻʮְģΪǶʺֲʻ͹һΣΪ˻Ҷ棬ܻʮʯˡ
Ҷԭһֱϲ̫ߵڲЩоӢ۵ζˡ
ҶܿƽľΪһʿӦκ̰϶߲Զ⻹жģһֻεļţˣҶ˵ҪĻʵ
Ҷ֮󣬱ϻʳǣλǵһǷȥ
ΪҶҪμӡ߱ϻʳǱħƻ֮󣬱ûпˣҪһȥ
Ҷ澭ķУǵһǡǡ
λһ޴ĻɽϣԻɽڲõĴΪ󣬽ɽڵҽеķʮ־أǳҲԻΪģܶཨҲǻԵľʯԶԶȥһƬ޴Ļ𺣣˽лǵʮС
ҶɵԶʱ򣬾Ѿʿ̲飬ΪǰһʱħϽʳǶǽϣһʿӽ̲飬ֹħļϸҶӵϻʳдͨ飬űˡ
һ·ǵʱ򣬹ؿŷɵǵĳſڣǻɽڵһ޴ȱڣʱѾﲻʿ̶ӵȺҶҲ뵽ȺУ̶Ӻ٣һЩװصʿЩʿΪףҪǣЩʿ඼ƷǳʹֻվŲ˵ҶҲܸоЩʿǳɱ˵ĸ֣ЩֻʦĻȭʿܱȵģһʿʿΣյģͬżĹֺҰɱ֮Ĳһ
ҶоЩһͬҰһҾԺܸߣȻеĽñӷװ˯ȴʼû˿ķɵӡҶ΢һ˼žЩӦú࣬μӴ߱ġ
˱˺ܶೣ겻̫ɽĸأҶ濴Щˣ˼ţЩ棬˭ٰôһĿʲôЩİ벽ʿ²ûиʵĵӰɣȴҪٰıҵӣʵ˷˼ʮֿɣܿɲɣҶ涼ܣǳˮĽġ
ôʵǿĸ֣Ҷ˷һδſԿܶྫʵıˣܹŵԽԽߣԺĸҲԽԽˡ
ҶЩһһӣ㵽磬Ǿʹ򿪳š
ھһδϸļ֮Ҷźһ˻ǣ֮Ҷ濴ﵱصĵطˣĽȫû澧ʯģܶҲͻ滨Ʋ࣬ͽ֮Ǹյʯ壬Щʯ棬Ǿ޴ҽҲ˵ǵȫǸҽģҶеʮֲ˼飬ԭΪҽߡ
˽֮⣬װҲʮأǳɫɫɫлÿ·лĻƿɼ˶ԻʮģʿͱʿӸϿһ
ҶｫתһȦҶоǱϻʳҪСһȦҲֻϻʳǵ֮ң˽⵽Ϊϻʳܵħʹʿ׷׵Ǿۼ˺ܶࡣ
Ҷ΢˽һ֮󣬾͵˻ǹ㳡ϱˡ
֮ǰѾĳԤƾٰ˳Ҷܸϵ峡֮ڻǹ㳡ٰ
Ҷһջס£ջס˲ʿÿһʿɱڵģջͬҩͰһ䶷Ϊǽֹ򶷵ģԾ˽½ˡ
Ҷʱ䣬ǴԼķΪħ䡷ħĹʱҶ滹רŲ˴󣬽ԼķΧʱҶħ䡷ʱ򣬸оǰԵΪľأʹڴħϵҲܵ棬Ҷʩչħʱ򣬸оȫɫħǿһȫΧһɹǿٵȫƤϴܶȫħھвϵܣһ磬תŴ졣
ڲϵתУСͬʱһʹȫħһһεӣ֮Ժ飬ϵһһӣһһۣճɾǿȻҶħ֮ͬʱҲһԼԺˮԵΪ
󣬻ǵıʽʼҶҲ뿪ջμӡ
һɫ̫ɫĹâڴϣҶ洩ڽֵϣϻʳǵıʿҲǰϻʳĹ㳡ۿ
Ҷ浽֮ʢǰ޴Ļ澧ʯ㳡ɽ˺һƬѹѹģڹ㳡ģʮ޴̨ʱÿ̨϶ڼҶ浽㳡֮ȵ˱㱨ȻõһƣҶ˺ţԺҪбˡ
Ҷ˺֮󣬱ϢϰʱѾһٶʿڵȴˣһʲô˹˶УϵٵģŮеĺΣеںһ㡣
ܿ죬ʱ䵽ˣҶ濴㳡棬һ̨ӣһλʱ䵽֮ҶͿ߰λΪףʿεʿξҶӦþлЩǵĸ߲Ϊ˼ල̲ġ
Щ˾λ֮󣬱ʽʼˡ
Ϊʮ̨ʮʮһıҶ治ڵһ飬ǿԿ˵ı
һʮ˺ܿ;λˣҶƾֱɨһ۾ͷĸʵȺƾǵʾܿҶע⵽һͨصĸ֣˾粻ߣȴԿ϶һʮ˵õ
һۣɫĶЩɣеȴֳһ潣ȵվ̨ϣһۻϢܳһɽһΡ룬ƺټҶԼûУ˵˵Ϊʮۺ
һʼĶһСӣСΪأľҪߣһɫĶǹҲСҶ滹ǸоҪ硣
ȻһʼСƺûиоϳƣֳֶǹͳŶԷ˹ȥ޴ڶǹӿɫƲϣһӿʱ򣬿ռ䶼һ˿
ҶϸĿһɫӵĳ֣ǶʮصȻԷĺɫǹؿڴͬʱһǿѹȴûмųֱ֣Сӳ嵽ǰȻһܣһڹʧ
һ˲䣬ֱӾͳСӵıȻһ˹СӶʱ󾪣Ϊ˫뼫ҶоСӿҪһбƵĵȥȴڹؼʱСӵıȻһƬɵķƣһӽʿĳ
СӴ֮£ٵתǹ˲źХֱӳʿȥҶû뵽СӱзǻɫʿȻҲû뵽Щ⣬徯һֱӳˣ˵Ͷ̺ʮ׵ľϣ˶
Ҷ濴ⳡûٴο˳ֻ̨֣ϴһҽУһֱڿлһߣ棬Ȼڵҳһӣʱ̨վһ³ʿʿһͷɫϵƮԵʮַŵеǰסҶоһɹɻҫ
ʵǿ󣬹ȻҶ֮С³ʿɪŷ֮Ǽ꣬ȻƮȻȥ
˺ʮ̨ϲϵ˱һҽըʩչĹŹϵΧսĻʿҲŷ׷׽кãʮ֣СӺͶʿ֮ȴһݵϣʿСӵսè׽ݣСȻߣȴǶʿĶ֣֮սҲ˵ԭģСкܶйУÿεʿҪСӵʱСܶȥ
ʲôľ£Ӱ֮࣬ӦоУĶʿҲ൱ƣܿ죬ϾʵϵĲ̫ˣСǱʿһ߷˳ȥ
꣬ߵһıҲͻˡҶϣеĸʵ׵ʿˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 405¸
ܿ죬һʤߵǼ֮󣬾͸õĶ̨ˣҶǡɾǵڶ顣
֮Ƶ̨ߣĶȴƺļµѾ̨ϣҶƵĻεȥЩȴû˵ʲô
Ҷ濴ˣһ£һȽݸߵʿеͣĺЩʹԼʮӣΪغڣľҪһ㣬һٽ֯ƶɵĳȣȵĶһŴɫӣ̵ĹâҶӴ˵Ϣϸо˵ʵӦҲԴﵽԽսˮƽĹһЩаĹЩȻħĹʿֹҲǲݵġ
ĺʿȻҲܸоҶʵĳȺȻվŲĳƾһɽһѹܲһֱۿƺҲڴ˼ô
ڶ飬սʼһʿһڶıͿʼˡ
һʼΧ˴򶷵һը˲Ƶ˸߳УΧսʿĻҲڶΨҶһ̨û˿ʿ֪Ҷ治öԸΪûֱϣҶҲϣȻվţŶԷȴŶԷ֣ۿһ̨ʿ˶֣һ
֮ĽҪԷģҶ˿ʿֱеƣҲ
һֱڶıѾʮ̨УʮֳʤʱǺʿڳסȻһӳȣ̵ĳһǿ˲ɴܣ޴ŷĴɫ糯Ҷ˹ڷɵҶʮ׵طʱȻըǧ˿ƵɫҶƹͬʱʿȻһʧڿС
Ҷ濴ŷɹʱû˿Ķȵ̹Ѿ˿ʱҶȻ֣˲䣬͡ϵıһǿǷӿĻȳһ˲ͽҶǰռ޼˲γˡ
ءһը죬޼ǧ˿Ƶ̹˲ײһ𣬱޴ĳನδɢҶ͸оһ΢ڸȻʧĺʿĽ£ǹһ˿΢Цûмų֡
Ȼڱը֮ȻһɫĹâڹֵһ̣޴ͬʱ֣סˣͬʱ̹Ȼܳ٣Ҷ˫ŵȶֱزסڲסͬʱȻһȣǺʿ˲Ҷ·˳ͬʱгȻ֣ȻֱӳҶԴͱ˹Ҷ汻ٲţ϶Ƕ㲻ģһӦֱӽɡ
ڴʱҶĿһȻ˲䣬ҶͬʱתһɹǿĵֱӾ͹˫ȣ̶һɵϵĴܶءһɫٺ͵ײһֱӱը˷ĩǳȻӹʱҶ˲һϢľʧˡ
ǺʿҶ澹ȻƤӵʧˣʱһ֪ˡû㿪ȻоһǿϢһͷҰ޶һʱȫת׼ܿûܿһžֱߵϣʱһ߷ˡ
ءһһľ׮ϣľ׮ҵķ顣
ۿ˶ĿҶ棬ܶ˶ûҶôֵģôͻȻ˶ʿʵ⣬Ҷһ˿־;η
̨ϵļ߲ʿҲߵսһĿҶ棬ôһ򵥣ȻӮģֵԶ϶һʵ֮
Ҷ֮󣬵̨µǼǣ֮뿪ˣμӽͿˣյĿҪõ峡ĵһпܺαĵһٱջûǵһ֮һǵĵһֱΪǵĵһ
ⳡ߱ν;źĽԽԽ߶ˣԺÿһ˶ʵǿĴ֣һϵбҶʵҲˡ
ȥ֮Ҷ˴ʼΪڶı׼
ţȴǧľҶһʱ䶼ǧˣΪһֱڸ·һֱսҲûʲôҪǧģҪǧԼܳ滹벻
СӾȻǧ˵ĴУҶŴҪʵУһ㵸ġ
ǺǣǰǰǰһʱոģҶ΢Ц˵
ããҪˣأܽ⿪ϵصˣ̫ˣֻҪܽҳҿһ벻Ĵǧ˵״ΣһߴЦһ˵
벻ĴҶһ㶣ǧ˵µٴθʱԼҲռСıˡ
ǵȻǹصĺöǧһӣû˵ʲôȴҶθڡ
ãҾڴǰҵĺöˣҶЦ
ǧҲЦԼлٻһΣʱãţͻȻʲôףҶ棬ľǰһˣһɱϢܣⶫħĶ
ҶǧĻԸһ䣬ϼһȻĿ棬ʲôӲ۾ֻʵĳϵȷʵǰǻۣϰħĹħ䡷ͻ˵һ㣬˿ЩѰ
ʲôСӾȻѧħĹˣǧʱ󾪡
ҶЦһ䣬Ǻǣǰ
ţ⵹ҲûʲôǧĻҶѪΪǧһأû뵽ǧΪʿȴ˿ħǰѧħײף
ʲô׵ģ˵ʵûᣬҪлˣҲҪѧһѧħĹǰħ˴һֱܺǵĹͬȼĸ֮䣬ħʤʱĴȷʵҲսгԹСĿֻû˴ţҪУҲȥһԵġ˵ĴħƺħҲͦģ֪ǰкüħһûС
Ҷһǧ˿о岻ѡǰĸ˰ħķ飬һֻҪǺùѧαںħĻġ
ţһŶԣʿΪαںЩʲôģǧҲͬ˵ȻһЦСӺǰ;Ͻҵ㵽أֻУųңҾ͸һöͰȻȥϢˣ
Ҷ˵ͷãϢɣ
ڶʱҶһоˬʮ̹ĸϵ˱ء
ʱ˱ǰˣʿ˺ܶ࣬ΪıѾ̭һʿЩ̭ʿ󶼲ģξܴģ϶ʵҪã˱˺ܶʿǰս
ʮأܹʮˣֳ飬ÿһʮˣҶڵڶ顣
һ߿ųϵıֻע϶ĸ֣ʱɫ۵ʿھȽϽһ̨ϣĶ֣һĴ󺺣ȵվţͬһһ¶ĹâȻҲǳ޵ʿվ̨ϵʮֲףҶһӦпͷ
Ǻ³ʿҲվ̨ϣֳӣЦͬһһʿһ۵ˣӥǣ۾ﲻϵһ⣬Ҳʮֳ䣬ʵ׵ʿҶעʿĶҲףڶֵıȻȵһֱ˺ܶࡣ
ʼʱҶ濴ɫʿĶֱֳֳִӳϣһ粻ƣȫһ˲ҲǸһǿ磬һܼƣгһԪϢ
Ӽ죬˲ʹܵ˶ʿĸǰȻֱӳ֣ǿƣڿмһֱԷŶȥǻɫ۵ʿڳ˲ͬʱȻһһ˲ʧȻڿȻһ˴󺺵ıһٶ죬ҶҲ΢΢ף˵ٶȻ
ʱǴ󺺷ӦҲ죬һӦԷĳĳѸٵһܣ̶ֱڿлһߣ˲һ˲ɣɫ۵ʿֱһƬʱҶ澪ȵһĻˣЩѸٵĽɫʿڣʿȴûܵ˿Ӱһ㣬Ȼˣֱӱܿһ
Ҷ濴һĻ뵽Լ󺺵ĳֺ࣬׵ģû뵽ɫʿȻֱӺԣĻ޼𲻵ˡ
ڴʱǴҲƺ󾪣֮󣬳৵һڵĻ棬ɫĻǱڵҰһڿĴܣҶҲһǻɫ۵ʿƺҲûϵԷĳȻԣסɲ
Ҷ濴Էʩչ׻ԵĹʱҲ΢΢Ŀ
󺺻˻֮ȻһܣĻɫʿҲͬʱһ˲ײһͬʱ֣һǿֱӴܳ޴ǿһһԴԻǿȻӿɫʿǿĹٶҲõ쾡µչ֡
ৡһǿȻӿϢɫʿ˲֣ȫƵĵɫšءһţֱߵ˶ԷǴ󺺱һߵ⧲ֱӴ̨Ϸ˳ȥ
ս˶Щɵۣԭʮ֣ôһ˲ͱһ߳ȥˡֻҶ濴ĺ˵ʵ˵ʿԷѹŴֻǴͦס˶ѡ
ɫʿԷһ߿֮ҲȥǼ֮ƮȻȥ
֮Ҷ濴ʣµ̨ϣһҲʼʤǺ³ʿȴѾӰҶЩ⣬û뵽һӮô죬עʣʿҲֱȡʤĸ˶ˡҶ˵ı
һ֮󣬵ڶıͿʼˡ
Ҷվ̨ӵʱ򣬶ҲͬʱĶֱȽأһ·ȻǸӣȴʮ欣磬һ֪һαҶЩƣжһ˱Ƚ
ȵڶʿ½λ֮󣬱ʽʼˡ
ҪŶʵеġαûȶҶ˵
Ҷ浭һЦá
ǾͶлˣ䣬αȻȫðһɫ˲仯ʧˡ
Ҷüһû뵽ααװĻԣҶʧʱûӦķλܿ͸оˣΪζһɻζȻܵҶĸйһʮ˲ȷһͷûж֣˳֡
ĳ֮ҶȻоͷһƣû̧ͷȻһڹ⣬ৡʧˡ
ʧءһը죬ڵĵ汻һɫĹżУʱһӡ
ըα˲֣ϴһɰɥ֮Ȼû뵽Ҷܶÿʱ̨ϿյûһӰȻҲоҶķλ


ʮһ ۷֮· 406»
αʿվ̨ϣ֪ҶߣһΣյϢһӣΧ壬ʣϸĿΧĿռ䣬ȴûҵһоҶĴڡ
ৡһһӰ˲ǰӹαһʱһˣʱҶȴֱαʿҶһ˫һ۾оһɼѹ˲䱬ɽһХľܵ޴Ĵסĺˣֱ˵̨ıԵֱֱͦţҶĶ棬ֻһ֮ң
۾Ҷ棬Ҵһ£ղҶѵϵѹʵ̫ǿˣȫסɫҲò԰ס
˾֮αڷӦһܿԵȴδϵӸһҶͳˣûгƣûгȭһָͷϣʱһУӲȵֱӴ̨ϵȥ
ʱΧս˶һ۾ɵϴû뵽ҶȻӮˣһָͷѶԷֱӵȥ
ãΧڱҵҶ΢΢һЦȻ̨ǼǣҪߣαȴֱӴܵߣסεε˵λ磬ǿʶһʵ̫Сˡ
Ҷ濴αЩƣˣСһҳݣǣ
ҶӲľܾҲ˵ʲôֻ㬶ˡҶߵʱֿ˿̨ϣȽϾȣصĸУѾɹֻһڴ򣬶Ǻ³ʿ̨£һʬˡ
ԭǲ׼ɱ˵ģһЩʿ̫ˣɴ˿ɼǺ³ʿȷʵҲĺ֮ˡ
һҶҪ˶԰˵ıΪԤϵܸңҶĴһöĵҩ
һҹ޻
˵ڶ죬Ҷľ͵˳ΪѾ֪һĹڻܶ࣬˳֮㳡ԭӦʮ̨Ѿ˰˸ÿһ̨ǰĴһȦΧʿҲΧģһĵȴűĿʼϵյʮҡ
Ҷ浽֮½ʮ˾ͶˣֻһαûżʼȶԲʿ˼򵥵ĽܣҶһʮʿУֻǱʿʿʿд󲿷ֶԸ˵Լֻĳĳ˵ҶʱҲֻ˵Ҷ档
һ֮󣬱ʽʼˡҶĶֲõĸеĳһһһҰ·ͷҵ˾˵һδֹͣûڸ֮أһǷգֻţη˴Ҳʮأ˻Ұ׵ĳۺͶ⣬һͷ΢΢ĳһ޴ȣЩӷݣһķ糾ζҶŴ˿϶ȥ֮أսѶԸġ
󣬱ʽʼˣҶ̨ʱʿں棬һǰһ̨Ŷ֣Ҷ΢΢һ
ʿҲҶ棬û˿ֵ˼ԷҲҶһΪг񣬾ͱȽɣվš
ΧΧһȦۿʿ˿Ҷʿ˶ûжֵ˼һȵż
Ҷǹһ˿΢Цৡһ׵ľֱӻһڹ⣬˲ʧʱʿҲͬʱʧһ˲ɲֱʧվһȦʿɵ۾ûĵֱӾʧˡ
ʱҶʿڼٿ񱼣ٶȼ죬Ҷһ߿ٵĴܶһߴؽѾ֣һɹǿڽϲϵĴܶƺֻص˺Ѫӥٶȵʱһֺٶȶܿ죬˫ڲ׽ԷӰһץסԷռϷ硣
ҶܿڲϵĴҵһ˿ʿϢʿٶҲʮ˵ãѪӥͲԶˣҶܿڲϵıٶнʿȴһһѰҶϢȻûʲôջ
ȵҶ漸ڶԷı׷ʱȻ֣ǿӿɫ缱תȻؽĽϻһ籩͡ĴǿһĴӿֱӾʹܵʿıڿҪʿʱʿȻоԵϢһȻһ˦֣һӰȻһءһҶʩչ׵˲ʹеһȴһӰ˲䱻ը顣
Ҷһμ׵ģ档
ʿʣµӰ˲ϳһȻͬʱڿһֱӴܵҶߣ˻һǿĻߣȳҶȻһӣһֱ˹Ҷ濴Ļǹһ˿΢Ц˵ʵʿΪҲ㲻ˣʵսʮַḻҶִ̬˵Ĳһǰ㡣
Ҷ˫һ׵˲佫˫ȸǣȻٶȻৡһһ˲ͳʿıͬʱǿԪ֣žһͳʿȥʿ󾪣û뵽ҶֱӳһҪܣȴҶıҶ˦׵ʱȻһͬʱһžͷ˹ȥʿܿҶ֮廹ûüֱܿӱҶһ߷ˡ
Ҷһʮ˲ͽԷߵ˿УΪʿҪ߷ɵʱʿ˲Ȼֱ쳤Ȼ˵棬̶ȫһٴλص̨ϡ
Ҷ濴˾ȻܻʱĿ࿴
ٴλص̨ʱ򣬲סĴϢɫЩ԰ףҶһ˿棬δ˵ٶܴﵽô죬ȹһϢ󣬡̫ˣʿһ
ৡһҶٴʧʿʱһڸͲ²Ҷʲô˲˲ʧȫϢ޹ɣֳȣӲϵĿת۲Χ龰
ûӵģϸĹ۲ʱ򣬶ȴҶʱ󾪣붼ûһֱӳɨȥ
ǰ棡Ҷǹһ˿΢Цѵ
ʿѾɨȣʱӶɴˣΪԵԭٴγ֡
ټҶһЦȻһŷɳʿԿհ׵ı߷˳ȥ
̨µѾˣɵҲ֮ܿʵֱ࣬һģҶٶȡ϶Զʿʱֲ˶ʼҶ棬ܶܳΪǵĵһ
ҶӮ֮ٴ˻Ǹ߲ע⡣
ȥ飬ʲôˣڸ̨߲ϵģɫƳ۵ĻǸԱߵһλʿ˵ʿ˵ͷȻܿȥˡ
Ҷ̨Χµʿÿ·ҶȻɫܵȻҲû˿Ϣղսγɵѹʿоͬһһ
Ҷ沢ûмߣվϢʿı
ɨɨֵһֱʱѾʮѴ򣬳Ǻ³ʿҶӮ֮Ӯ֮ʿڲһ㵽ȼƣÿ˶һĻɫҶʿ⣬ҪȻӮѣΣҪľʵǱֻһЩŹӮġ
Ǻ³ʿʮֶأÿζܿٵĻʤһȻǳҶ⣬ڶϵģߵʱ򻹶࿴ҶһۣƺҶһʤЩ죬Ҷӵʱ쵭ȻǺ³ʿһ˿΢ЦԵʮ֡
Ҷ֪˱ضй֮ȴںʵмȵŵģֻҪһ·ڲ⡰߱ʱӽϰ罫ħ䡷ԡˮԪߵĵȼߵ
һ̨ҲֳʤҶ濴õĸһҲûеȫǰ
еˣҶȥЦ
ⳡ󣬻ǵĳУڶԻ
ȫǻˮ컨аž޴Ļˮϵɢݳһƻľʹռ䶼˻ԪıڶģŸָͼҵм䣬һƬ޴ķθջ澧ʯƬջ澧ʯϣһ޴ԲˮʱһӰԲˮţ˾Ȼˮ˭Ҳᾪ档
ʱˮһˣһɫƳۣĸߴǻǵĸ
αǷʵǷĸ֣˵ʵ¶аصأǵҪǿԲǵļƻˮ򣬿֣ص˵
ˮеӰûб仯ȴһɳƵţ˵˵˵
һгᰣһҶ棡ŵõ鱨Ȼ˵˶ʿһ״ӣȴ֪ʲôԭɱʦȻǸһ·һ·ˣ·ӦʲôԵʹʵһðյˣмĿܲǣһʿҶ棬ȳ᰸һ㣬ʱûиɹʲôֵ飬ֻ֮ǰȥϻʳǡ
ȥϻʳǣˮеЩ죬֪ϻʳܵħĹ
ǵģǰ˵ϻʳܵħʿ󲻵ѿĴħʿƤ㱻ȫˣһħʿ֪Ϊʲôȴվǣһ֮ϻʳǾ˻
˵ħʿҶɣ
Ҷ棡΢΢ͷ
ʲôǴˣˮĻʱû뵽ȻҶˡʵǿ󣬻᲻ǵļƻ
֪ڽȱظ֣ҶʵǿÿԼֻҪṩһĺôӦþû⡣ֻҪʿ϶ᱻǵļƻ򶯵ģǵĸ˵
ţԸӦɣΪμƻǵһ꣬Ѿˣٿ쾡ٵȲȥˣˮĻЩ̾˵
ιι˵鸣죬һܳɹģ
ţԸԸ

Ϣһ֮󣬵ֱʽʼˡ
Ϊչ˹ڣֻһ̨ܴνУڹۿ
Ҷ汻˵ڶ飬ͻɫʿԿҶ֮УҲҶ֮ġ
һģҶ濴õһݺʿĶһֵˣɫ԰ףͬһ嶼ĺʮֹأҶ²˼пǹĹ
ҶΪʲôǾݺӣװŪʿΪҶ汻⾫ݺȫһ˵⺺ӿһҲһѶ۵һƺɱˣҶȴһѶ۵Ŀ֮ǵģ⾫ݺӹһʮصļͲΣָоǴ۾￴ġ⺺ӵʵһѶ۵һҲ͵ײʱĵи׾У۵϶ֵܼ
ǵģĸо۵ĸоǱȷĵηġ
վ̨ϣ˶ĿⶼǺʿϣΪǺʿɢĿֲصϢúܶ˶ΪӮ
ҶĿʼǰЩȻľݺϣţ⺺һᷢġ


ʮһ ۷֮· 407¼Ҿ
ʼһʿһԤʾűʽʼˡ
ৡһǺʿ˲֣ȫ޷Զһɹƺﴵķ紵ĺۣͬʱַһƺɫϢЩϢ͸©Σյζīˮ︡һʿȫ
ͬʱǺʿ˫۱һƵĳɫâһ˲ֲ
ǾݺȴȻվţ΢΢ͷû˿ľٶ
ɱʿһȣ͸ȻһɹɺɫϢݺӷɴܹȥǺɫϢٵڿᣬǿĺɫߣ˲˵˾ݺӵĸǰ
ǾݺȴȻûжءһϱǼɫϢɵĶ˲˾ݺӵݺȻվţҶϡ
ԭΪ⺺ȻʼҲӦʱܿɣû뵽Ȼ㣬Ǽֱ壬ѸٵģǾݺӵͿʼĹâʮ־ˣѵҪ䣿
ʱǺʿҲȫ벻⼸ֻǻӶѣȻֱ˶Էһ˲Щ֪룬ڴʱǾݺȻʼжȻ̧ͷ˫۳죬࣬ϴŷ˲ʹܵЩ֪ĺʿǰ˲֣ǺʿĴֲʱŷӦѾˣԷһ߷ڵء
һµֺǾݺץס˲͹Ǻʿһ߷֮󣬾ܵԾݺӵĿըʱӦӲϾͲóսȴû뵽ԷγֶǽսʮǱ
ǺʿѹŴۿҪ֧Ųסʱǽſڣһɫ˲ð˳һɫֱ˾ݺӶȥݺۿܲһͷײ˺ʿԴϣҲ˲ӾݵԴ˽ȥ
͡ݺȫ˺ɫĵ˿һɫ˿ϵھݺӵƤԾݺӵĿϽʳɫѪҺ˼أǾݺӻӺͷײʿȻסǰһ̣һžͽʿ̨ȥ
ɫϢʴѪľݺӻվͷѪ֮ǷɥʬһʮֲΧԶһ̳Ĭû˸Ҵڴ
Ҷ濴һҲǷˣȻʹõ˵һǧȻǺʿܣԼҲ˲ᡣ
Ǿݺ𣬹һЦȻҡҡλε̨Χ˶׷ױɢûһ˸ȥ
һ֮󣬾Ҷսɫʿˡ
Ҷһ̨ǻɫʿһԾϣվҶĶ棬һ潣վıֱһѳһ
Ҷ濴ˣǹһ˿΢ЦȽϿõģȻαûзӺã˰ӮʵȴСҶʹһսԴˮƽˡִǶʱʤͬĸ֣ͿʩչԼʵʵˡ
ǻɫʿȻҲעҶˣ˶ԴҶû˿⣬Ȼֱվţ˿©Ҷ΢΢ס
ڶ飬ʼŻǲʿĴ󺰣ʽʼˡ
ҶؽȻܳһ׵粻ϵţҶûеȣҪǲϵĻǻɫʿҲϣֱˡҶһ͵˶ԷǰǻɫʿȻ۾ԲȻгһҲὣϡ
˲ײһȻҶؽͶԷ潣˲һ𣬡顱缱һһڿҴܣһϵı˵˲ͻӰڿռŲ
ܿ죬˵ٶԽԽ죬磬һʱ򣬸ֲ˭˭ֻܿ˿ӰҴܡ
Χ˿ĵۣ˵ĹٶޱȣúܶʿۻҶϲ˿ĽѾ˾ģȴһֱս࣬öתһ˾ġ
Ҷڼٷɴܵʱе׾һĻ䣬ŻɫʿϵһӿǻɫʿĶܣһż˶˶ʱʵҶѾռ˺ܴˡ
ءһը죬һӰȻɵȻֱ˵ϣֻǻɫ۵ʿͬʱҶ滯һӰ˲ٴγ˻ɫʿҿĴ
ءӿ̨ӱըĲϲӿ
˶۾⾪˵һĻ߲㿴̨ϵʿҲһ˿ȣû뵽˴ôס
ءһը죬Ҷ廮һߣ˲һطɫʿҲһӿ˿Ҷûʲô󰭣ɫʿȫմѪ˲ᣬʱȫٻɫĹâһĽȫ޴ӿȻٻɫĹâ
ҶֳؽŶЩǱͷĻɫʿ
ɫʿҶ棬һŭû뵽ԷʵǿԭһĴõһģһθоģ׸ô죬ҪҪֱʩչɱԥ
ৡһҶ˲Ϣʧûɫ۵ʿһûӦҶٴγһǿѹֱӴӱʿȫһҲԥֱʩչɱ
ȻɴܵУȻ˫гȻ׵УȻмĬȫٻɫâıγһ޴Ӱͼͼֻޣʮֹǿ
ͬʱ潣˲âǣһǿųɽ̶һ࣬ⳤͱһ̫ΧĿռ䣬һɹѹ潣ҫϱ
⥪󣡡ǻɫʿȻһȻ˫չ̶סһ⥪˲֣һ˫ɫ˫۴ˣͬʱҶͷһΪ޵˫۾ȻֱܿӳͿ˹ͬʱǻɫʿ˫Ҳ⣬ɨҶ棬Ȼǽ⥪޵Ŀ⿴
ɱǻɫʿһȻ˫ȻৡһǿĽ潣ϱ˲ϰٵ̶ͬһ޴һҶ汩һɢܼѸ٣޿ɶ㡣
ĽĽȵǿʮͨ潣ϴܳɫʿȫһٻɫâһ״̬
Ҷۿ곯оʮַǷֱȥԿһȻһ̬ҶѸתһɹǿٴбͬʱһԵľмٴӿѸٱ鲼ȫͬʱҶ˫ӿȥҶһȫе˫ϡ
׾̤˲תһУȻһ׵ĺ˲ͻһӰʧˡ
ͬʱһʱ̣ǧתл꣬޴ſ̨һըһʱɴܣʯɽһ̳ž޴ڿռмٴӿ
վǰۿڶʿ԰ˣһȿֺȴʱõ¹սʿһУϾǽʵ̫ǿˡ潣дöȻڿл޴Ļߣ˲ڵϡ
Ĺһֱ˽ӣǿĽӿ̨ܳ˸ͨ͸ըĲӡ
ৡһ潣ϵĽŽʧʱ潣Ѿͨ͸һպһɫʿҲϵĴϢղŵʩչķܶľǰ֮ԲԸ׵ʩչΪ֪һϵеģһԺķ̫ҪȻıͲ֪ôˣҶʮǿĶ֣Ѿѡˡ
һƬ֮ϣһͨ潣Χ߻תĹ֮£ûҶӰǽΧսʿһղʩչ⥪ʵ̫ǿˣսʿ˲СӰ
̾˿Ҷ治ܴĿըУҪǻܴһǾصĸˣΧĹۿʿҲ׷̾ϢϰӰ
ǱĲʿҲûҶӰҲԵĴ£ûܻٿҶӰҪлɫʿʤˣϾһγҲһߵҲֻöˡ
˶ΪҶʱһ΢һһӰ˲̨ϣҺͣ͵ֱӳ嵽˻ɫʿıȻֱһšءһǻûӦĻɫʿ̨ȥһͷײȺһƬ
ৡһܶҶӰų̨ϣʱͷ죬ŲϵţȻղźķѵС
ڸղŻɫʿʩչĽУҶ滨˼Ϊ⽣ʮܼ޴Ҷ˼˰֮󣬾ʩչ׾̤ԼڽĹ⽣ضܴܶҲһսԼٶȼްɣȻȷʵǳɹˣȫҲĵ߰˰ˡ
ԺȻô氡Ҷ泤һ
ʱԶһƬ˶۾
ֵܣղſСôֵ𣿡һʿЩ㶵Ŀ̨ϵҶ棬Աߵһʿ˵
ʿҡҡͷϵġ
˵Ļش˺ܶʿɻǸҶôĽлҿȫ޴󰭵ģʵ˷˼ǻɫʿһãȻվͻȻʤҶ棬ȫסĲԼˣͰ벽ĵӲ
Ҷ̨Ǽ֮һϢ˳㿴˵ı
ʱڸ̨߲ϵĻǸҶ棬һ˿̾еȻӢ۱һһǿ
Ҷ̨Ϣڶʿһ˽ԭ˵пȡõһʿǸӼԼ뷨
ʱǵʿǿٵȥ޸Ѿըϡǫ̃˽Ӿͽ̨޸ˣǱ˺ܶʯϵġ
ıǺ³ĳᰶһʿʿĸӺܵͣ˫ȴ¶׹⣬ʮֹթɫĹ쳤ۣڲϹһͷߵظŷ硣
³ĳվ棬һֱҡҡλΣƺȫûⰫʿʿʱһŭ˻ûͻʮ㡣
ʼŲʿһȣǰʿֱӻһڹ˲ʹܵ˳ᰵĸǰȻǿȻܳһȭźڹͺȥ
ǹһ˿Цͬһ̶ɵľͶ˶ԷĹڿлһųɫĻӰվ˰ʿıҶ濴ʱһᰵʵӹƮݵϾܿһʮֲ֮ˣٶϵѾﵽ˺ܸߵľ硣
ʿһûд򵽳ᰣʱһȻһһɨȾȥɨ֮󣬼̶շתŲʮѸ٣Сĸֿġ˿ֲĻǳᰣڶԷٶȼĹУʼͬһƬҶһ̨ƮȴܱܿʿĹԵࡣ
ΪһսҪõʱ򣬾˵һĻˣԭһֱƮܵӰȻĻĸȻĸǰʿĹȥʿһҪ꣬ȴоȫءһ£ͱˡ


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顱һ֮һӰֱ̨
ҶҲһǼ֮˾ηĿ߳ղűܵģǰĶ֣Ҷ֮󣬿μӾˣĶ֣Ǻ³ʿᰡ
죬ҶͳѾ˻ǵˡ˵ʵʮ־ˣÿսľͻʤˣ˸˲²͸˵ʵ᰺Ҷ˫˫еĿˡ
ͷβʼ˭ȡóɹ˵ʵʮ־˵ģҶɲ⣬ȥ˭ȡڱĵһ滹˵أʵϴʱ֧Ҷֳ֧˵Ķܶ࣬ƽ˽Ѻעˡ
Ҷص֮̿ʼˣ˵ϢץסһʱҪμӺͳᰵıͨ췢֣ʵһʮѶԸˣͨصΪʵΪӦаػ߾ˣӦúϻʳѪӥһȼģҶӮӦû⣬ȴҪŬС

ʱڣڹǺС
Ȯ޻ʩʱǸԭֻ״ĿռѷȮ޲ϵĳѾʮ״СһȦʯΧռѷתԶһ۾
ѾĸˣȮ޴ӲͣЪʩڵʨաֺܹͶѰҹӦڼҲʿץסʳˡ
ʱﶼſڴʯͷϢոΪȮѰһ۵ľƣϾ⺣ط˵˵߾ߵģܶʱʹҪжҲʮѣ˵Ѱˡͻ޴Ĺַ磬Ƕģ⼸ûѣǶˣʾˣԲܳŵ
Ȼܳһʱʮֿ﷦ζÿ˱ȮָʾǸ⣬ſĵϢȮ޲׼ǳȥ˵ǳȥľôֱͨӳɹ
ϴ˵˶ĸˣôôʢʵ˷˼ֿܹŶٿڿУʩȮޣ˵
˭֪أʵǿҲǴˡһҪͳɣϾĿжƵġ
ʨյ˵ͷʲôʱܻؼء
ͷ˵ˡ̰꣬һ꣬Ҳ˵̻£оŸ£ǾܻȥˡЩڴ˵ܻȥͺˣŻأұ嵽ʱڼ׼ӣһȥˣļǾˡ
ɣҪôûģȰ㻹Ҹĺˡ˵
ô˵أͲ˵ģһۣȻЩ˵
ǺǣҲôһ˵ɩӿ϶һͷƽʥʱǼɾˣܹ֪ʧԣæ˵ġ
ƨҪ˻ƽʥҾɱͻȻŭ
Ϊʲôܹһ㶡
ϴǼǺڽʥôƽʥǻƽʥϴҪñˣʨһ߳Ц
һ治̫ɩӦһͷڽʥٺ١ܹЦ
죡ͻȻ˵ѷֱ仯ˣ
ﶼһͬѷ쿴ȥȻѷһ˿仯
ʱȮ޵³һȦ޴Բͬһ޴һһӿܽȮ޵壬ȮȫɫţһǿתĿռѷڴʱĿռҶѾǰͬˣʼ˳ɫĶǰֻܿĿռЩˡ
ܿǳɫһĶһɹĴ洫Ȯ޵۱ţԾ衣
һЦȮ޿зɳƶʮǶѾϰˣÿʲôչʱȮ޶ЦЦѾ˯оѺüˡ
ڸʲôѸٵķɵȮ޸ǰֺܹٺһЦЦʵٺ٣ǰʲôµͻˣ
Ȯ޻վһķʱ䣬ѾˣĿǰͨѾȽȹˣԴͣһҪģҵռͨ˫Ĺ̶͵ˣֻҪҵͶԽˡ
ٺ٣ϲϲϲϲЦǺǵĸš
Ȼùϲȥò˶ãͿԴʿˣȮվ˸˵ϷķѼʱŬһɹͿԸˣΪһ죬ҵ˼ǧ꣬лˣǴϲ
Ǻǣǣǰʵǿȵ԰ռʱǰһᱻŴ̵ġҲŸ˵˵
Ȯ޿˿һֱͷԵſŵĺҡҡͷԴӵһֱ˻һȫû˼ĸ˴ҵϣҲôģ룬ȺƺƵǿʵʱ򣬾ͻᱻ޴Ķ־ġ
ˡȶŬ³֮Ҳǹ
ǣҵȽǰ˹Ĵ

֮󣬻ȫǳ㳡Χ˺üȦǵʿΪϻʳһܵħĹö֮γķ
Ҷ·Ͼܵ˺ܶ˵Ĺע˻˵һ͹ʲôģŪҶЩơ
ȵ˹㳡ʱ򣬿㳡ʱѾһ̨ȫͷܶʿǵĸ߲Ҳˡ
αǵֱľ˭ӮˣܴǺǵһǵĸֶսӮȡǵһλã֮ͿԼμӶĵһᣬʱ۷֮ĶԾˡһһһС䣬Ϊʿ
Ҷ֮Ϣһӣձ̣ȵ̨Ͻ˵ף֮ǳҲ٣˱ҶҪһЩ֮øϱ쿪ʼˣֱ̨
Ҷͳᰶţǳı飬ƺûнҶҶɫƽˮκβ
ǵĸڸ̨ϣˣȴ㣬ˣ˭Ӯˣܵǵļƻǵļƻȱֲ룬ԽãΪԭڱȽϻ򣬸ֺ٣ǡš߱ǽŴĶ磬ʿ룬Щʿһʵǿÿǵļƻ
Ҷͳˣܺÿ˵ʵʮֲⳡսֽģҪֳʤףΣ˶˵ʱҪˣ˲ҪڱȶȥʵǱˡ
ʼʿһһɹۻ촫㳡
ȫԭӵܿͰ˫۾ֱֱĿŵ̨ϣҶͳվţղһһһˮ
ٺ١ͻȻһЦ
Ҷüһû˵
ৡһǳͻȻƮƮĳҶܹһʿֱӻһֱһƬҶһڷĴ£ƮţܲȵӣҲɳĲʮֹ졣
ҶһѾ̨¿˺ܶˣʱЩͷ֪һʮѶԸ
ܿ죬ǳ᰾һƬɫĺһƮƮľ͵ǰȻȻһȣһɾӨѩĭһİɫĩҶƮҶûЩѩĭҪʲôϷ
ЩѩĭڿкܿƮɢҶֶٿȻЩϸСķĩҶ治ϴʱȻըȻըǧը˲ըʱһɹɳͬһ˹
κҲţϸСķĩը֮ȻܱôǿÿһϸСķĩըܽըǧķĩըֱǵأ޿ɱܡ
˶ɴ۾ûôĶΪ΢Сȴʮ־ˣһһųᰡ
ʱȴǹһ˿΢ЦΪѾҶȫⱬըֱӰʯͷģҲըˣ᰾ԼӮŽҶȥ˲ûмŹԼӲϵҡţԵʮȻ
˿ųᰣʱôʵɲ⡣
ȵը̳ɢȥҶһ˵Ȼվڳϣûб䣬ûб䣬ʲôûб䣬ղűըǰû˿Ĳ𣬾ȫûܵκӰһ
ҶӰĳ̨ϵʱ˶ȫɵˣû뵽Ҷʵǿ󣬸ղôҵıըֱƻ𼶵ıըȻûжҶκӰ죬ѵӲ
˶ˣαȿ᰸棬˵ᰵѩĭը˴۽ĻҶһĽǾͿԿ˴۾ˡ
ôôܣ᰿Ҷ浭ȻĴ߳ʱӶҪˣǵģۿҶ汻ѩĭըôأ
˶оҶĿ£ֱɲʵ
ҶȻ˵ʲôʣ
ߣᰶʱӦȻȻҶһȣڿлһĺ⣬˲͵ǰȻȻһһʱʵĹâзɴܳȻٿ˲仯ţȻѷĲɫҶȻɴܣ˲ʹ¸򹥻
ҶЦһһɴܣǿ׵磬˲ͱ鲼˫ȣৡһ˲мܹȥͬһһų᰷ɴܹءıըϵըЩڸоҶϢһ˲ͱըˣͬʱһɹǿӿһΧСĿռҶжܵСƣֻҶʵǿ˿ռϵķֱӳ嵽˳ᰵĸǰᰶʱˡ
ղҶڲϷɴܵʱۿըϵͣһǿĳֱĻҶϣͬ깹ɵһȫû˿˵ĺۼɵĴرըֱӴܵ˳᰸ǰóӶܵ
͡׵ϵı޴˲Ҷγһֱܼӳ᰸˹ȥ
޼ǰʱŷӦһݣȻȻ˫ȣ忴ƻʵ򼫿һܣܿҶ޼
Ҷ濴Է㿪ֱӻһ׷ȥؽٴγ֣޴ӿȫˮһӿУ˲ؽͱһ޴ĹţҫŴ۵Ĺâͬʱǿٴӿն
ҶһȣؽȻꡱļһǿ缱ڿռлһǿ⣬ȻһȻܳһǿֱ֮ӻŵŲͬĹ켣ɱȥ
᰸оǿӿʱһȻȻľ޴ͬʱɫǿ˲䳯ŵȻû˿ɵֱӽ⼸˿֮С
ǿʮǿҶоķԪڿзģŵöᣬԭڵľŵֱӱҴܣɵĻᣬ᰼ٷɴܣ˲ʹҶĹ˳


ʮһ ۷֮· 409³ᰵĹ
ҶҲû׷ȥ֪սҪÿƽ࣬ھͿŽ࣬Ҫżżųʤ׷ᵹù
ڿлһȦȻ˲ͬһƮڵϣ֮ʮ־ĿҶ棬εĽ֣֪Ҷ治һͨĶ֣ز©̩ɽʮ˵ãһıըȻ˲
Ĺôϣ᰿Ҷ棬һ⣬зߺ޵š
Ҷ濴ųᰵ΢΢һЦ֪ʱ϶ȴ⣬֪ᰵʵûȫչֳտʼֻǹвŵսռ·磬Ժȫʩչ֮˭Ӯ˭仹Щ˵
ߺߣΪӮ𣿡᰿Ҷ棬ǹһ˿΢Ц˵ҵʵչʾʮ֮һѣΪҾˮƽȻҳʵͬСɣҲô
𣡺ܺãϲֽϻˣϣϻҶǹ΢Ц˵
ٺ٣һЦ˫ȫһɫĹΡ
𣡡һȣ˻ǿĻӰ˲˷ʮ᰽ҶȫҶʵʵΧš
Ҷ濴˲ΧʮһһϢƵĳᰣʱЩ棬ǰҲʲô౾ƾϢжϳһγ᰻ûĻӰȴƺǱǵһοĻӰ
˼Ҷĵ΢΢һЦһϵĹлءҲ¶Լʵˡ
ৡһ죬Ҷ˻һߣһӰȥͬʱǳᰵڶӰһҶȭɨֱӳҶҶȫȭŵİΧЩȭȫӰֱʵʵڵĴҶϣҶȫӲܵĴ֮Ȼؽڿб裬޼ܲųȥ޴ʱʮ
һ𣬼̶һƣ޴ӿһʨ𣬻һųʨţͬʱʮҲŻƣȻʮʨͼֱӳҶӵҶ˲ܵʮĹ
һȻؽȻءһ죬˫ͬʱӿʹеǿֱӱըı޼ǿĵ޼зɴܣһ𣬵ҫĿͨ޼ǿĶ࣬Ҷʩչ޼հ汾
ʮǿűͳ޼ֱײһһ˲ռƽ
޴ڱǰռ
һ˲ƽ֮󣬡ءһ죬նʱըѳţҫ۵ıը㳡ˣǿĳֱӴ̨޴Хһϯ˹㳡ΧĿռ䣬֮ȵķӿսʿһˣʿһ߱Ķᣬһ߸æ˻⡣
⺧Ȼ˵ĳһҲΣʿֱӷɵйҿ
޴ıը׺һֱʮʧҶ濴ԶվĳᰣʱĳѾһˣϾղŵʵ̫һʿ͵סˣ˵Ӱ
ûɢʱ򣬳ֱһȫѸһǿǷ籩һͬʱһڵɫֱӱ˲ͽ·ճ˻ҽ¶Ƥ;ݵļ⣬һɫϱû˸СҶ濴ƣҪӲӲˡ
һһӽĹȫסˣųᰳһɱڵӡ
˵ʵᰵʵѾǾˣƫƫһ̬ĶҶ棬ôʩչǿ󹥻ԶҶʲô˺ԱƵҪˡ
ҶҲؽȻ˫ȻһĺǺԪϵؼǸ˲Сĺôʱ߶Ԫ˫۵ĺڹâҫ¿Ӳޱȡ
ɣǳȫڣһɹȫܣৡľͻһǿȻҶҲֱӻǿĹâ᰷ȥ˲ײһ
ءһ죬ͬʱһȭ˫ȭײһ𣬱һźصĻ𻨣֮ȫȻһתһ⣬Ҷͷ䣬Ҷ弱һȻһɨֱƹȥһܣһĶ㿪
ٶȶͬһڿռб䣬һǿȻ䣬˴򶷵ٶԽԽֱӰӶֻܿڿռͻأĳȻըš
ʱѾûκӰӣȴܿٵıըͳƵײսս˿ݻɡ
ȫѻȸĿⳡռԿܶ۾ԽԽΪǸоҶͳ˴򶷵ٶԽԽ죬ԽԽܼȻͬڱըһٶȣը˶䶼ֱ治״˶ٻغϡ
š˹ȻǸеĸ֣Ǹ˵սʱ𾪲ѡ
ٶȳ˽ʱ
˼Ѿˣʱʱ䣬㳡ѻȸȫû˿вֱɫ԰׵εΪһֱŽŵ飬ʵ̫ˡ˵տʼʱٶϵ𺳣ǵھȫϵˣȻٶȳʱһֱڿзٱ죬˵ʵʵ̫ǿˣֲǰЩָŲǼУʵͨʿȵϡ
սڣܶ౻ҶͳᰴܵĶҲȫˡܵķڷΪ˵ʵȷʵѾ˷Ƿĳ̶ˣȫһܱȵ˵ģĶǣʵԲ
ʱ˻ڲ²ܳʲôʱͻȻ¡¡һ죬һը˻Ӱڵϣһʱһ
ʱҶȫˮʪ͸·ҲãϺ϶б˵ĺۼ¼Ȼķѵľ࣬ʱĳᰣƺҶ滹Ҫһ㣬ϰ˺ۣͷҲв˺ۣȫǴ죬ˮϵδδţ
˿˹Ȼƴôǿս֮վѾ漣ˡ
˫۳ĿҶ棬ϲɱ⣬Ҷ˫ĿҲ⣬ͬһѵһŶĳᰣȻѸٵͳһСƿӣĲɫĩﵹ³Թ֮ȫԭɫĻЩͷףҲȻϴһӡ
Ҷ濴ԷҩʵҲҩУ˼Ѹĵҩ
һȻ˻һֱڿ˼ʹܵҶǰҶҲһؽȻʱתһ֮󣬾ŵ˲ų᰷ɴܹȥҲ˫һϣȻȻչͬչĶȻһȫɫҫһӥ״Ӱ˲̥ǿֱӷɴܶ
˲䣬ǴӥֱӴ˾ŵȻײһֱӱʮǿĹײ֮ٴα޴ţһҫ۵ĹâֱӱͬʱҶͳȻһײ༫Ĺ֮ͬʱԾС
ҶٴλӶؽһǿŻһų᰿ɨȥҲԼӣڿռȻɨһ滯ͻ޵񡢴Ҷɴܣ˿ʼƴһʰ쵵Ĺڿ䣬վڿУϵķɴܶܣͬʱԷ޴ը֮󱬳һž޴ţƾˡ
˳һӣǳƺȥԼΪҶϵΪԼҪĶ࣬ͬȡ֮֮һ㣬ôã˿ûм״һ澪Ҷǿ棬һ취Ҫı״ˡ
ʵҶղźͳᰱƴʱѾʤȯˣ˵ζͨ˵࣬ۺ᰿϶ƴ
Ȼٴӣ߲ʷֱӴɴܳͬĹâҶɴܹȥһ˵Ϣڲϵܲ˻ûҶǰҶ͸оһۻռҲ漴ͬ䶳һ
ʱҶû˿ţ˲֣ʵԭֿռ䣬öֱռģҶȴƽԷռķΪƵĿռʩչɵģһҶѾɹƵ˺ܶռ
˲Ƶɫռ˲ͽҶʱоһɣ̻ӶеؽһǿȻɴܳ޴磬ڿȻɴܲһǿͬ޴ķ籩һϯΧռ䣬˲ŵܳŷ˷ȥǷҲһ˲ֱӱը
ҶȻӲըдܳᰲ֪ʲôʱѾܵ˸߸ߵգֻֻ۷ѡ
ʱȫʮֹŹ֣ƤһַϵƤشܶһǵģߵĳɫС֣Ҷ涨һЩַһַǷģһרʩչ֡
ʱ鲼ⲻδܵķģһɹɹɢݳԶҶܸоϾ˵ƺһȪһϵ
ôʩչҶ¶⣬һڹ˲ͳȥͬʱҶϵǣûȥᰵѾʩչˡ
ţᰱһȻ˫ȻһƣʱȫһɫĻţһŲϵͷģȫ۸˫۵չЩٵ˫۵ĩˣȻһ˲䣬ȻһźƣһȻܣмǾ޴Уһҫ
ڳᰵǰһɫĹâȻâٵҫ̶γһţڿռƾճֵžǽռһŻش򿪣һɹɳɫϢͬʱһɿֲѹѸٳռ䡣
ȻһʮǿĶ֡
Ҷס壬ǳ᰸ǰҪ򿪵ĴţȻ
𡫡һԶͬԵһһֲĺȻͬʱҶ濴һǿٷӿϢž޴ĳɫ磬Ǵڴˡ
ʱȫģȹĴţһֲд洫ǵһֲˡ
𡫡һһ޴צֱӴ˳צһͷô֮һһ㣬һǿֲ˳ʮףȫźӲӲǣͬһһֻž޴ĳǴִ֫Ӳۼ׵ľͷһܸоһɹɰֲϢ
֮ȫһͬ֩˿һĹˣӳᰵȫڿУƺͨ˿ƴ֡
𡫡ȻһͬʱһǿȻȫһڹ⡣
Ҷ濴ʱһеĴˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 410¹ӡħ
ξ޴ĹӳǰĴܳŽµҶ棬ͷһ
Ҷһ׼úͷս
ǡǵļҲʮ𾪵ĿųٻĶܶ˶ǵĸȴ˵֣ӡħޣ
һʱһܶ˶ħ޵֣ȴδû뵽Ȼͷųˡ
ôģһʿ𾪵Ŀа̨СĹޣʵ
渱΢΢֮˵ҿӦûһֹŹֵĴ෨ܽԶħ޵ĿռĿռӽĿħͷųͬʱԾķħޣΨһܽ͵ͨġ
෨߲ʿһַʮֹصģһĴ෨ǿһĴţֿԺʱǴߵȼʱ֮ţһķˡû뵽᰾Ȼʩչַ
šȻǸ֣ǸǹһĨ΢Цʮ͵Ŀųᰡ
ʱվ̨ϵҶȴͷˡ
ϾڵĶɳᰱӡħޣʵڲֵֹ۵ģղźͳѾʮּңķѵľСӡħ޳͵һʵ۷ĸֺսĳ̶ֳϵһ
𡱹ӡħһȻ̩ɽһҶѹ޴ѹǿ˲ͽҶϿոǣҸҶ˲СѹҶȻһڹ⣬˲ʹ˿УȻʩչ׾̤ǹӡħ޵ԴȥΪ֪һԸִͷþǹԴ
ҶΪԼٵٶȳԷԴʱǹӡħ޵˫Ȼ⣬ȻһצӾͳҶȹҶ漱һȻһ޼ֱ˹ȥʱǹӡħޱ˫Ȼһȣ˲仯һӰֱӶ㿪Ҷ޼ͬʱצȻһȣҶ滹ûӦͱһצӴ򵽵ϣسһž޴̳
ȫսʿһ㶣û뵽˾޴ĴͷӳٶȾȻҲô죬ʵڳһ㳣ʶ
Ҷ汻ڵϻûվʱǹӡħȻϴ˫һֱӳ嵽ӸǰȻ˫צǿֱӳŴ͹ôе̳ϵķɾ̨ϵӶ˱ΪҶʵͦǿģӲôʵҲЩˣƽ޵צ˾ľġ
𡫡ӡħȻצӣȻȻſ죬һųɫоۼ޴ӿͬһһһǿɢݳѹչءһӡħ޿һųɫȻҶҳĴȻ񱬣¡¡һɽľ޴ƣһ˲佫̨ȫ飬һȻɨ̨ȽϽʿвٶһǺ
ʱάĸ˲֣һȻ󲿷ֶˣס˳档
ǹӡħ޵һùս˶ӡ
һ֮󣬹ӡħ޻ĸڿϣȻȶ˫ᣬûмȻΪҶѾٻˣһ֮󣬾޴̨ܽը飬˵һССҶˡ
Ǹڸ̨ϣѾΪһƬ̨ɫЩأɫһӣ֮ͻȻˣ¶һ˿ϲɫ̨ϵķ棬жʱΪϲ
ٺ٣ȻһľɫǸʱǹһ˿΢ЦԽԽλˡ
ʱ̨ϾĵģֻпǾ޴Ĺӡħ޳
᰻۾һƬ棬ǹһ˿΢Цս޿ɱ粵ѾӮˡ
׼жʱȴӦ˻ǸϢһ㶣ȻЩĿ˿ȻʲôҲû˵ֱ㶵ĵš
˿̨ϣΪһжˣʿȴû˵˭Ӯ˭䣬ȫʿ۵Сۡ
˶Щʱ
ͻȻǳϵķȻһֻ֣˲棬һѪˡ
ȫȻ
Ҳһ㶣Ǹǰһ
ûȻţǸϲɫ৵ıޱȣû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼٴλʵǲ˼鰡
ȫʿֱ㶵ĿųϵҶ棬ŻѪȫ˵Ҷ棬ᰡ
Ҷ滺ʯȻҡҡλεվšо޴ĹӡħޣѾȫѪˣһƬѪããġ
𡫡ӡħ޿Ҷ澹Ȼٴλʱһ𣬳Ҷٴγ
Ҷ濴ӡħ޳ܹʱдŭȻһȫȻһħһħǷӿĻһ˲佫ۻħҶеŭͿȫȼˣǿħ˲ᴩҶȫʱоԼƺȼգǻһȼգһԴԵĻӿ࣬ɱ¾ϢԣʱҶֻһ֡ɱ
Ҷʩչˡħ䡷֮˲Χȵĸо
Χսʿһ𾪵ĿҶ棬ǸоһħܣʱЩ˿ʼæտȥΪħʿٽˣȴʲôųֻ̂ҶȫŵĳɫϢ
ǡħʿһ૵˵
Ҳ׷׾ȵĿҶ棬ʱȴûȥΪȫҶǿʵסˡ
ǸҶʩչġħ䡷ʱ𾪲ѣû뵽Ҷħʩչ˳ǱƼˣʵû˶ҶжɶӿҶˣΪԼҲħ
񶫻ƫڵĻ򣬺ܶʿħħʿʵǼҳ㷹췱ʿۼĵطֱǲģڻΪ棬ʿʲôںǺõĻǻģΪħǿҿٳɣʮ˵ĹڻԱϵĵطǿӵġ
ϻʳǵʿʮųħʿΪϻʳǳµĴͳкüħʿУ˶ħʿ֮ǣʱɷֱȽϸӣвħʿ˶ЩǺܿء
ԻǸûֹǼۿпûзҲû˵ʲô
Ҷʩչˡħ䡷֮ȫǿħ֣ǿȻҶ˫۳죬Ƥô֣Ӳ𣬴һȦȫ͸©һа˲䳯ӿ˹ĹӡħײһҶһȻȻһȭӳ޴ȭͷϱǿͬһӡħ޺ȥ˲䣬ǿȻۣһȭҳӿڿγһһţֱӡħ޵Ŷȥ
ħһͬʱҲӶצҶ˹һ˲䣬ӡħ޵צҶײһ𣬡ءһǿֱӱըǹӡħޱһȭǿĹֱҵ󵹷ɣҶһ˲ʹȥڹӡħ޵ɵʱҶ͹ϣȻû˿ɣٴһȭֱҳдܳһŰĺУҶȫħȭͺȥ
ءǾ޴Ĺһڹӡħ޵űħֱӱȫҲȻ˵棬Ҷٴ˻һȫħͣȫһŻɫǣŹӡħ޾޴һȭ֮ٴγǿӿһδγըӡħ޴ȫҲ
ۡһȻ³һѪ
ľ͹ӡħϵһģҶ湥˹ӡħ޵ʱҲܵش
ң᰻վһѪһ߿
Ҷ治ϵսʤ׷ӡħ޴Ѫ
ʮּѵȻĬȻͬʱӡħȫ˳ɫĹâȻʱĹӡħѾˣȫȻҫ˳ɫĹâɫĹâԽԽ
Ҷʱһ㶣ȫҫĹӡħޣжʱõԤС
һ
Ҷ˲䷴ӦȻˣû˳ãǹӡħ޾ֱӱըˣһǿĳȻɨҶ˲䵽УǿѹһըˣֻҶѾﵽҪӲĳ̶ȵˣܳŵסǿĳʵ̫ǿ󣬵屻ʧأڿлȦֱڵϣһˡ
ǹӡħһαըֱ֮СһȦȻɫĹֱᰵ
᰻Ĵӿڵϣһ߿ȳһѪŵϵĴӡ
ҶҲĴӴͳᰶӣʱҶȫҲ޴ըȫˣѪϵĴ˿ȫǲϵɢһһƵĳɫħҲԿʮˡ
˾ţû˭ȳ֡
֮Ҷ滺ļؽؽǿһĴܳ
᰿ҶؽҲԼӡ
Ҷǹһ˿΢Ц˵ˡ
ɫ԰׵ĿҶ棬ü΢΢һЩŵ˵𣿡
Ҷ˵ͷǺǣ˵Ļġ
ǾɣһЦһǵѪһ
ڳĹڿҶͳֱֱ֮վŲ˵֪Ǹ֮ĶԻԣ񣬴ʱ˵ĶԻʱоһۿսٴһˡ
渱ˣѾ¶ģ˵ʸȫԲǵļƻˡ
Ҷؽһ᰿ҶȻؽΪҶҪ𹥻ֱȳ֣Ҷ񱼶ȥͬʱȻҶȣȻʵѾΪʤ᰻óԼǿ
ȫƴˡ
Ҷ濴ᰳԼܹʱһϲһתϵĹâ˲˳ᰣͬʱһǿľѹ˲֣ȫ棬˲䣬᰸оһǿѹ٣ͷųԼȫѹһ㣬ǿȫһʿܹԿģ˳˲оԼľˣһƬհףȫûзӦ
Ҷ濴ãʱдϲȻһųᰴܹȥ
κʱ򣬳᰿Ҷ泯񱼹ӷȴȫܿƣءһоһǿӿ˲ʧȥƣڿлһߣֱӳŸ̨Ϸɹȥ
۾ֱֱŵʱ򣬡ءһᰵֱײ˸̨ϣʯ鱻ײҽ
Ǹ˶׷վ֪ͨʿԵĳ᰾
Ҷվ̨ϣƤȻһ˿˿ĹħĴϢţͷ˿գɫ̫ʮҫۡ
̫Ҷ浭˵˿Χˣ۾дžηҶʮܡ
ȻؽһһĴѾ˷̨Χսʿ׷ÿΪҶÿһ·ǻʿǿߵ𾴡
߲㶼վҶȥӰг
Ǹеĸ֣һ߲㿴ΪҶÿһ·૵˵
ǵģʮ񣬵ҶȴȶʵȷʵһѵõĿ֮šǸ΢Ц


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ڻ˻ǵֱĵһ֮ҶҪľǵһºİλһ֮ıˡ
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Ҷ濪ʼǸʲôģȴֻصһЦȻҡҡͷʾ˵ҲֻǷ¡ҶҲʣò׵ĶЩҲһֱϡ
ҶţȻǸˡ
ǺǣҶ࣡΢ʿǺЦ˵
Ҷ˵ͷѣȰ㻹ǲҪٴˣҲܵģҶĳǱ޹»ԭ򡣡
ǺǣҶѸ߷ڣ¹ǵֻΪͶǴǳĻ΢ʿЦǺǵĿһ䣬Ȼֱ
Ҷ΢΢һ㶣һ˼žףӦҲͻʲôĪĹϵĶǻеġ
Ҷĳƽʲô飿Ҷʵ
΢ʿǺһЦ˵Ѳؽţλ㣬ʵǺͱйصġ
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ҶȻ֪ʲôΣҲ뿴ʲôϷԵڶʱҶ׼ʱͳ˻ĳǰ
һƬΰĽȺ޴Ľϲ˻ǵı־죬ӭŷ粻ϵƮԾ衣ǰվźܶྯʿֳֳ䲻ǰһƬ޴Ĺ㳡沼żһɵʡ
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ҶҲЩ֣ﾹȻгᰣҿվŵ߰˸ˣÿһʵǿĸ֣϶Ǻͳһˮƽĸ֣ʵʵӦþڰصءҶ浽֮Ҳ׷׿Ҷ棬ȻǵʵҲǿһһҶʱϻǶһ˿֣ء
ǸҶǺЦҸҽһ£λǵֵĹھҶҶѣ
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λҪǣԭǱʿʵȵλгֻǴһǵһʱʤʴһ㡣Ǹϵı飬ʱ͵
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ΪαṩԼĺõطҲܼĵطλ֮󣬿϶ܴ档ǸЦǺǵ˵߰ɣλҹȥ
һȺ˱Ÿȥܿ죬˾͵˴һ֮УȻɸԷֶδһܵ˸䵽ܵУܿҶ淢ܵԽԽŨȻһƬʮֲĵطңӷߡ
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һƬռﶼǽĻʯɢǿҵŨϢЩʯѾļͬһڿռУһǿҴܡ
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һǸ˵һߣ۲Χľɫһ޴ĵĿռжǲĻʯЩʯһǵĻʯŨʮָߵĻʯÿһʯγɿ¾Ҫʱ䣬ɢۼʹΪŨȷǷĿռ䡣
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СǸȥܵǰʮĽʦ󷨴ʦһģջܾеʿڻϰԽܾȵϣҴϰϰһǧľ
Ǹô˵ʱһϲǸڻǰʱóĿɫˮӣһӣȻмĬǳɫˮȻڿлߣȻܽ˻УɾĹâ̶ʧָ
Ϊ˷ֹ˽һ󡣡Ǹ򵥵Ľ˼֮󣬱һ̨׶ϣҲ׷׸ߡ̨ܹٶףߵ֮˿һ޴ķʯ̣һʮ͡
ʮÿһһ㣬֧ʮͬʱУоͿԣԴԴϵӿǸ͵Ҫעľǣÿһֻһˣȥ֮˳ҪȻٽڶˡ֮ûʲôעˡ
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Ҷ濪ʼϰܿ죬һƻɫĹâپʹܽ壬оŨڽ壬Ҷ΢΢չ壬оʮϵĹ䣬ҶȫľѨڲϱ׳
ȻǺõطҶһϲΪ˷ֹǿгҶ滹ǺܾͷųһȺΧ䣬һʲôвܸܿо

ʱڻĳڡ
վ̨棬ǽɫľ޴򣬻ǳӰһһĻζţһƬѹֵĸо޴ϹâҲһһġ
ЩѾŵϰˣػش
ܺãֻҪֱˣǾͿжˣǴ˸֣϶ܴȥЩڴ˵
һǴ˵г˱غͳҩĳоļĴ˵ڶ˵ԶŴıأ泣ҩڶܼģԴٵĳҩ⴫˵˽ǧ꣬δĽȥʵǻʱżȻһ˿ߣҲȥ̽뷨
ʱһִ񣬺ħսʱ򣬲˴Ӷ˳ܣȻûеս볤ֻΧڶУҵ˲ٺöҩܼҲҵһЩλںʵ֮ڻڶг֮ͣȡ˻ǳλһֱ졣
ǳÿ뵽ڿеΡӴͷһ󼤶ʱһˣûʵȥѾ˲ٺôܽȥǲľҵҩأԭһֻȰ˵Լ˲̰ģѾˣٺܿҪľˣпģŻȥӳ٣ʮأİ벽񼶱
Ȼһҵҩ֮Ͳ⡣ſĲ߻볤ļƻ֮ǰļƻһֽȥΪֱͲ࣬Ϣһ©пʿħ֣ԥ˺ܾãѡʮѡ׼ټʮһȥʱȴӵҪٰ조߱飬ʱһ
ⳡǿĸ֣ԱΪƭȥͿЩ˶֪½볤ȵ˳ЩҲڻңϾض˱صĵطûĻһʮǿġ
ȻΪ˿סˣԳ⻹ʮѡˣɺĶ飬ĶֱӸɱۡ
ж֮ǰЩֵʵǺҪģŲϢ˻ܾȻ
鸣죬ж϶ȡʤǸ˵ЩɵСڻ֪Ҫʲô
ţȻθܶ࣬ȡĳɹҩҵؼʲôģ㵱׹˸㽱⣬ʵҪչصʱͿԽңΪǵγˣǳ֪λֵҰģǰŵ
һʱǹһ˿΢Ц¶߾ȫΪ˵ȷ棡
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ʮһ ۷֮· 412³
ܿ죬¹ȥˡ
ҶǼҲڻʱ䡣ĵֺ͵ֵھҲһ
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ݡļˣҶҲ֮󣬸оȫˬѾȫԽǰʱΪҲӵͻƵ˵۷壬һܵصľˡ
Ҷ泯ΧһԭһɫھȻŮӣһɫװŮĿȣʮȻܴظɱһʮĸˣɫ˪ʮϬȻͬСɣŮһҲʮǵ֮
û뵽Ů˾Ȼǵֺ͵ڰֵĹھ
ǺǣܸˣλΪ˼ĽԺıԽľˡǸЦ
֪֮ıʲôʱʼҶѾˣѾȵĲͷˡһɫۣͷŷ٣һöɫηʿЩͷ˵ʿǵֹھʵǷһߡ
˿ʿЦĪҪλȥμӱġ
һʱ㿴ңҿ㣬ж¶һ˿⣬ȻŸУֻһ˴ǲμ֮ı
Ǻǣ߰ɣλǰȼһǵĳˣЦ˵
˶ʱﶼǻǳĿÿҲЩǳʲôӣΪǣμӱδǳݣһֱǸһ顣
ʰʰ͸ŻǸӻܾгȥҶоһֱһƵÿ֪һǳᰣһֱСۣ϶ҲвʣʱµĿǰᰵʵҲõ˲СϵľѾﵽ˰۷壬һܽˡ
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ˣλԵȣȥˡ˵žͼҴҵ߽˴棬ʣ¾Ÿڴеȴš
˭û˵պǳƣһɱȴӾŸʵڰϣ⡣κεطһĸˣʵǿһ㶼۸ڶһһЩҲǴӲɱ¾߳ģûһʡ͵ĵơ
Ҳ֪ڳ˶Ķ֣Ըǲơ
УҶͳԼŮ⣬ʣˣһĵʿһһɱĵͣĽɫɢݳǿվžѾһɷȻˣһˣɫҰףͷһ˿վŵʱˣڣȴû˸С֮󣬻һ͵ˣһɫСӣ뷢԰ףǲϸΪһأɫĳУܿ˵ʹźҶࡣ
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ҪⳡŽġ߱ôԶۼǻɢÿﲻУȴܴﵽָ߶ȵʿ˵о飬ȻҲֻǲܴﵽ߶ȡ
˾վţɫǾŸΣյը
һӣĴȻ򿪣˷׷̧ۿȥֻ˳Ȼ˵˵ˡ
˵ţܳһīɫϢϢĵĴŷܳһ㶡
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ֵҶ滹ǵһοҲǵһοҪȻһ۾
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Ҳ޷Ѿ˺üˣˣҳ⣬Ҫԭ˺صˣڻ඾ҵڣЩīɫϢǶЩٵҵѾˣϵĺѿҲǿĲϵӡ֮Ҳ̫Ҳԭ󲻺ãǺǣΪǳһǸеʧɡǳ˵ȻȴԸоһˡ
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ټϣΪΣأԻǳʿʱǻ˵
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˷׷׵ͷ⻰˵ûʲôûзգαͳ˷գʿһȺˣαسɱɱء
ЩУΨҶûеͷҲûҡͷһֻĬĿŻǸͳ֪Ϊʲôܸоһıζоȫˬ͸ôô˫ɵģ˵ͷͷǵտ²˵ô򵥣һӦûиһԢ⡣
ˣϢɣʱＯϣһܴܲǲμӱⳡеıˣǸ΢Ц˵
꣬㶼׷ߣϾôһҪգǾ͵ø׼ǹ㹻ĵҩһЩԷըʲô
ҶߣߵſڣǹװŮȴıյҶߣЦʵҶҶѣ
Ҷ˵ͷǵġ
ٺ٣СŮ磬ԽҶҶңŮЦ˵
Ŷô˵ʶңҶʱһ˿ȤӡпɴûʲôС硱ĹװŮ
ٺ٣ûУȻʶСŮӣȴʶ¡ŮЦ˵ͳƯЦģҶøУͬʱҲ˵ʵ㳤Σܴﵽ׶εģһʮǿĸ֣ҲԲ򵥵ġ
ŶǺǣ˵˵ʶҵġҶЦʵ
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ˣҴϻʳǸϵǵʱ򣬿еѲμӣ֪鲻ðˣûмŲμӵ֣ȵ˹ھҲűμӵ֣ܼѣԺհЦ˵һŮ˭Ҳܾġ
Ҷ˵ͷЦţõģܲɱɱ
һʱɫһ䣬ǲ飡ȻװνӣҶЦĴкˡ
Ҷ濴ŮӵıӰ˵ʵⳡУȷʵкøУûŮͷԵĵزڿڱУÿˣһⶼȿʤŮЦĵ׿϶ҲǿõһģһɱҲ
ΪĿǰ磬ȷʵһжҪСĽǡ

ٴξۼĴС
ҶҲɹһЩܻõĶ˼裬Ҳ
ʱ򣬿˸ӢﻹˣˣĸһŮӣÿһܳĬϲ˵һ⣬ʵĸ֣ÿ˵ƶʮС
Ҷ濴ЩˣȻ縱˵һЩ˵ʵȷʵ𵽱ݻˡ
ˣʦͬţǳһսģΪϵϢʮƣÿ˶ģֻŲɱ˻һž͸оһ󷢺
˶֮󣬵ʱͳŻ˳ƺԻ𾴣׷׹ļ񣬻ҲĻⱾûʲôҶ۲ʮϸ£񽻼ʱ򣬶΢΢˵ͷƺԤıʲôҶЩˬʲô⣬˵ʲô˵è壬뿪ûʲôѰģҲҪЩ˱һľ룬ϾЩ˸ҶĸоʮΣա
ŸľӢ֣ˣԼܹʮˡ
ˡȻѾˣǾͿԳˣˣ˵˶ͷĵ˵ͷȳȥ
Ҳ׷׸һ˴棬˲伤һŽ⣬ȻһԾϣҲ׷׼Լķзվ棬ŻһһŻǶϷȥ
ҶҲʩչ׾̤Щգǰɴܵʿǣ֪һλ᲻ᷢʲôΨһԿ϶ǣЩУ϶в˻ز
ϣԼ


ʮһ ۷֮· 413º״
֮󣬺ܿͿܼĻǽٻǵʿ׷Ϊʮ˵ʵʵ̫ǿɢݳϢҲʮ־ˣ˾ڿУҲͬɽɹȥһ˴Ŀġ
ܿ죬Ÿ߶ԽԽߣҶ濴Ļ״ڣԽԽСֱ޴ĻɽһؾޣΡߴ𺳡
һڻĴ£һ·ϷУ˰ֳ֮۷ɣֵ֮η
жЩ֣ΪʲôһߣƫҪתü⵱Ȼǻԭʱȥʵǰյرߵģǰŷߣÿοһر꣬Ȼ㿪ʼת򣬵ȻôҲǷֹ˸ǣüǻܿʿͻֱӳˡ
˸Żһ·УҶһ߷һ߹ǵľۡ
ʮֻģûʲôһƬһƬɫдĻɽЩɫΪӰ죬ʹǳֳָ״ǧ򻯣־ޱڣʮΰҶ治̾ȻĹ񹤡
ڼ仹ڵϿ˼ֻʮصľޣЩ޺ܶ඼궴ҶǣоΣգֱӾ͵شȥʵǹеģΪǾᷢǿҵķ籩ɫʮǿƻ򶴣ǿ϶˶á
ҶһֻΪʲôûˮԴܿ죬ŻǺܿͿһƬ޴ĺ
һƬɫĴ˵Ǵʵ˵ɴҲδвɣɫһʯɫγɼĲ࣬ǰһԽԽʱԵԽԽ嫡
ӣŴ漱ٷУܿѾ½ˣԶһƬ󣬱ģ߼ʡ
һ·ɣһҵ˸߶Ҳ͡
źеʱͻȻҶоһɾ޴ѹʱ󾪣ȻĿһѹȻԺ棬ȻʲôֲľޣȻ߶ȡͬʱǱɫĴȻڣȻһ޴ӰֳˮҲٻңԭƽĺʱҶѾ̧˸߶ȵʱ˲ŷϮһæߡ
ʱѾЩˣȻӴĺԳһѪڣһǿͬʱ֣ǿķ籩ȻǲѪڷͬʱֱӴˮԾ˳ſҧҶɵ磬Σⶫƺһ㣬ͽһռ˰壬ںڵϲӲƬ۾ֻɫֹ⡣
һУʮĸΪж˵㣬ֱӱĿƲסһҰڣ̶
ͨһǹȻſһҧȻˮ޴˻ͬһɽҽȥһ˸ʮ׸ߡ
ȥ֮˲ŷ׷׿ź棬ⶫٳ
ߣһȻһɣҲŷ𣬳һٷɴܡ
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Ҷ濴Ŵû뵽ҪȥĵطȻںףطȷʵͬѰˡ
˷׷׽ˮ麬ȻŻȥһһߵʱΧĺˮȻȻķ̶ֿǽˮУΧĺˮֿ˵Χγһˮݣ档
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ȵӣԽԽԭľɫҲԽҰ
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Сһ㣬ԼķóǰԺ˵ͬʱԼһΣһֵĺɫӾͳУҲ׷׼Ҷ潫ؽһǰɡ
һ·ϣ˼ֻޣЩ޿ܾ̫Сˣ죬Բûз𹥻
һ·оյģ˾͸Ż˺ף׵ʮֻ谵ֻһһƵĹ͸֮ǰ׼˷׷ͳҹ飬ҹ鷢ĹâҫźףۿȥһƬϸɳɫϸɳżһЩˮƯ
ߣҹ鸡͵Ĺâںһһɫʯͷƺҵ˷˾ֱкˡ
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ʮְûһ˿һֻǻǰеӰ˸ɫţΪ̫޴ѹ˽˵ڵıԵһ
Ҷһһ߾ĿΧо׵ΪΣգʱܿصһͬʱҶҲܸоǱʲôˣڰĺײ֪Ǳ˶ޣǶЩ˵İˣʳڲųޣս֮ǰѾ˵
ҶȺʿһʿϢϾѾ͸¶ʮǿĸоԺܶ޾һֻںڰ￴ţȴûиֵġ
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֨֨һУƺϷ̳ϷȥֻڰУһɫĶ߷һֻɫĴ۾һΪʮֺڰֻ۾Եʮͻġ
޴۾ƶϣԷ϶һʮӴޡ
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֨֨һУǾ޴ĳɫ۾ȻһŲɴܡƺҪ𹥻ˡ
˶ŵĿųɫ۾ʱҶȴһ˿ĵط۾ƶʱ΢Ĺһûпʲô޴ĺӰҲ˵һҲͬʱӦƺһЩ
ڵ£Ҷ˼һ£˲ȷϣȻȻһܣһ棡
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ҶѾڵ棬棬ƺһӵĶȫϸɳţɫ״ＫĴ״Ķܳ
ǹƺҲоЩûãʱȫһӾϸɳʿһΪкߵɧţﱾҲӴЩʿûüͱ
Ҷ濴涼Ǽ̣֮󣬾ֱγһһ״ֻɫ۾ɫĹâͬʱҶ濴ϷһԲεСڷУϵķɫĹâȻǱΪ۾Ķ
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ڣǹȻɫѪҺƬ汬䣬ʱǱںڰĹܳŽЩƬˣ׷׻һâܳһûжٴ󰭣ֻʿŵɫ԰ףŮ
ҶһΣǸǰ
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һս֮˶˺ܶ࣬СǰУʱʱ䣬ߵ˴׵롣
ߵ֮ͳĸҹ飬ЩҹɢƺҪҵʲô
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˿ʱʱһˡ
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ԶŴִʮϡ٣һѼвŵĶҲϵģ˵ģһҩ꣬ǶǾ˷ȥ϶ٺöҲǲСĻԵˡ
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ҵ֮󣬳ϵǣƺûսİ취ȴ˷ֳһϢһ
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ˣ˵ĵطʲôʱܽȥʿЩʿģտʼסʱԽԽǻڵĺףЩεĸоʵ̲סʵʿҲ׷׿ŻǺ͵ʿһʡ
ǻʮֵȻȫīɫϢǴһ΢΢۾˵ʿһۣ˵żҪ˶㣬Ϲżʲô
ǣѾ˺ܳʱˣûһҲаˣһֱȥܲǸ顣ҲЩסվ˵
Ҳв˵ˣҲŵ˵ǰˣǸμձģǵȴûκαļҲ˵ջˡһܶûж֣һǵһβμŵȵıô˵ҲӦøһʱ޶ȣֹĵ°ɡ
Щ˶˵˵Щ˾ǵȲ㿴Ǽλ˵ſ˿ʿһٻںôʱ䣬˵Ļʮ䡣
˰ΪȥˣĲ㣬ԺдΪǳɳƣ˵˵ʵԼҲ֪ʲôʱῪһ꿪һΣҲԼ²ģ㵽ž⼸죬Ŵǹġ
һʱɫһ䣬һֱ۾ҶҲ۾ͷϺͿ˰ɣƽ²Ҳҹ
˵ɫѾЩ࣬ûʲô˼һЦ˵ǰǲǺܾȣͷϺͿˣȷǣǳɹҲƢ棬ĵȴֵõġҪ֪ܶʿΪ˵õһԸȴ֮ãʦΪ˵һһֱʯһٶ꣬ʦΪɱһ֣һֱչʮֱֳ꣬Žնɱ
Щˣȱٵľģȴôʱ䣬ʵҲڲǵ˵Ż˿һֻҶ棬˸УֻҶҶһֱû˵ǱĵȴһϣѾʤˡ
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ôһʣʿҲ׷׵ͷȻ͵ʿ뵽һȥˡ
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ãʿˬ죬֮̾;ֱӺͻǩԼʿҲ׷׸ǩֻʣҶһˣҶվҪǩǻȴ΢΢һЦܾˡ˵㲻ǩˣһؿƿˣ
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ˣȻǶǩԼҲͿԸˡ棬ŵǴԶġˣҫһ˿˿â
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һҵ˵ҪǸǣȥأߵ飬ȴܴ²µһأ۹۾гһ̰
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˵Լȥû˻ỳɣҶҲȫšЩֻиû˵Ϊ֪顣
ȻΪʲôڻҪϴûùıЩʵ
ЦЦϴνʵҲʮżȻ£ҵҵʱôѷ죬ȥˣҿʼ֪ǳ˴ıףʱʵʵ̫ˣΣķĳиʹһЩܼĶܳˡ֮󼸴εûѷ죬о˴ѷĹɣʱǰҷֵĹɡ
ˣпܻƫҲΪΪʲôλղ˵ˣ滹дıûõ֣ԣһţҪһΣˣ˵֮󣬹һЦ͵ͷԸɡ
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˾˵Ҳ׷ƽľԭʿ׷װĵϾһܿܽ볤ǾζʵԵõʵķԾһʿ˵ԵʮҪ飬һ˻Եһжпܡ
ٴں׵˴Լһܶʱ䣬׿ʼһЩ仯
仯Ҷһˣʱ򣬸оصƺʲôһĿɳҲڽʮֹ졣Ҷ仯֮󣬻ǳʱϲ˺ϸ۲ɳر仯
ļ죬ָԾԽԽԣͬʱһ˿˿ī֭һĺɫҺɳܳܿ죬ͳһƬڰ硣
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޴гĳһֱ˰ʱŽˣʱںϣܿϱľ޴У֮γɾ޴˳ɢ
ĳʧʱ˿ԭҰķֳӨӨĹâ㲻סľɢʮˣڻ谵ɳΪԣͬʱԸоһ΢Ǵɢ
˫۾ĿŴһϲϴﻹǼǰٴοⳡ棬ϲѡ
ˣǽȥһȣȲľͳŴȥʣµļʿҲ׷׸š
Ҷ沢ûмŽȥףغͷȣԽԽȴõģ˵Щ˶ӴȥˣҶŽߵ룬վڴ룬ܿ죬ȫͱӨӨĹâȻ󽥽廯磬ɳ
ҶʱоȫɢˣȻһ߳Ŀռһֱ֮°װˡ
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Ҷ濴һƬĿռ䣬ҲļĵطҲʮֳԣȻĳ꣬ｫһƬĵıؾۼءһݣϸǰֵζ֮󣬴ӶѴʳӨӨҺ壬֮ݱѸٵʧȥâȻˡЩҺ壬Щ޴ĹҲпյģЩҺʽȥʱǱ㿪ʼˡ
ϲ˽ƽŻΪΨһҴųȥˣ׼ô꣬϶Լļƻ
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˶Χ£ϸŻĽ
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˷׷׵ͷ
˵ﲢǳֻǳΧλռĶˣҲ˵Ǹڿеģ˵ġ컨塯ģΧйĴͻеػͬʱкܶءȻеıǳУڳ·Χݵɲݡ
ʱǰһԲҩҲһ㳣ʶ֪ɲݵļֵһʮˡҶҲϴκʹȵʱΪһɲݲ˵
Ǳ˵̫磬ϴεʱ˰ʱ䣬ȻΪûĿĵҴܣʵ쳣ĺãѾ֮ˣﵽΣգԽĵشԽΣգֵĹܶĲһٶ࣬ʵʻĹɵ֮һߵʱÿ˶Ҫʮֵľ񣬱ûǣȻľӢǳ𣿡
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ǸһƬɭ֣ͷɭĺǳ࣬ӨӨĹâǵĽһϪѪҺһʣһƬӨӨ硣
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ܿͳȥ߽ɭֲã˾ͷһЩ˾ĵط
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˷׷׾תͷâҫɭһ͸ĵɫʮеĳǵУⶫһͷ¹ȴ״ȫ͸ͬʯ̵һǶҲҶǣ㶵Ŀ˼룬ûж
˵ģֶֻܶ޵״̬ȻҲʵ壬٣ⶫӦһͷ¹ġûʲôȴͷţĵʱץһͷϡǶϸĵĽ˵
һĶ¹ûܣһһĿȻ˵ע£ͷ˵ӨӨġˮ֮һУٵʧɭ
ʧԶһɣΪһֱط־裬޺ģ׻
˺ܿͻָˣǰ
֮һ·ϣ˺ܶණָĹܶ඼͸ģ޺ģ˵Ҳͬûκô
һ֮ǵǰһƬ޴أͬɫĹʣһɹɫĹâƮ
ǷɹȥԺ˷ԸҪСģҪȥɵʱðһЩŶݣֻҪҪͺˡ˵Լһ˾ȳҲһ𳯹ɡ
Ҷţշһ룬ͻȻĹųһ޴ݣҶʱǰɡءһͨըըһһǿɫֱӳ𣬻޴Сɵʿ˲ȻʧȥƣµۿҪҽ
Ҷһڿлһߣ˲ɹȥһȻ󼫿ڿдܷɣʿ˶档
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Ҷ湰˹֡һģܾȶȣҵĲˣ
ҶѹȻ壡ʿʿҲ޵
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˷׷׵ͷֻгЦһΪһǾһڻң

ܿ죬˾һ죬Ϊ˵Ŀռܹ죬еʱ򣬻Ķĺܿ죬ΪûʲôԲĵطԾҪ˷ѣѾˣǵģҪȥá
һн֮Ѿɭֵʱܿ޴͸޴ǰ߹ȴûйǵ˼
ɭûаͺҹ֣ȴйâ֣Ҳ˵ӨӨĹâһʱ䣬ıðһ̶֮󣬾ֻ仯ʵҹƣһԴԴ
ĿǰΪֹǶûκйԵĶṩϢܲʹò˶ʼΪʵ̫ˣɾһûʲôΣգǿĺõط
Ƿɾʱ򣬵һΣȴĽˡ
һΣյģҶ档
Ҷһֱ棬ʱһΧľһıŶԴ޶ȵľ裬ܿͷһЩߣǿ߹طľƺγһɣ˵ϵظľ
һҶοһһľλòȻģǶ·һֱǲһģҲû·߹ĵطһֱûظڶ飬ΪʲôظأϸĹ۲һľ仯һߵͲͬλòͬĢ˴ԼʱֿһһһµһһСһһλõĢ
϶⣡Ҷʱһ裬ǳȥȴƺûзӦûзκ쳣ҶҲֱ˵ϾڻûгκΣյĶֻظֵľ˵ˣܴСǳ֪ľɫҲز
ʱʼҶѾؽյĽģͬʱһ˿˿ĳɫħɢʱܷı仯Լ״̬ѡ
֮һ·ϣҶ治ϵĹ۲Χľɫܿͷֻ֣һԽԽ죬ƺ֮ŵľԽԽСˡ
ҶЩﲻסˣΪ˾޴ѹоЩ쳣ɭƺž˵ܺͿֲĶ
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ܿ죬Ŀʮȫһ״͸壬ͷϸ͸ĸͷȻϢĳ֣Ϣǰһһ㽫ҶǰΧ
˶ȴɫأ˴ȵڣΧһⶫûӦҲĹ
һ׷׳һ𣬾ĿЩ
ЩֶĵĽҶǰΧ˴ԼʮʱֹͣˣҲκֻΧǡ˫Ķš
Щ֣̽һЩĹ㵥һ깥ԲһɫϢ滺ƣৡһһҹȥ
깥ֱӳ嵽ǹϣȻ˲䱬ءһǹͷ­˲䱬ըע֮£ȫɫâӿܿٴˡ
˶ʱһⶫٵ޸
ʱȻĿǰ֪乥ǿ޸ȻһܶԸġ
ڳһƶһ𣡷ֹЩһȻͷһߣҲ֣æŻһߡǸ߳ʮ׵ľ룬Щƺ˲䱻ŭˡ
ৡһЩֶͷϸŵ͸ͷȻҫŴ۵İ׹⣬Ȼһ˲ֱʧ¶һûεԴһ͸Ķһͬʱɫľ˫۵Ĳλ֡
ৡһΧʮ͸˲ٶޱȡ
ҲһѸپͷӦһ߰˸͸˲嵽ǸǰʿȻһзৡǿл֩һܼĹųһ͸ﱬȥʿҲȻг𡱵ֱһ͸ˡǸҲ̴֣ɫâȻڿһ糤һ˹ȥ
һ͸ﳯҶ˹Ҷؽ֣˿壬һ͡죬һ޼˲ֱܳӽ͸˰ΧͬʱҶȻ⣬ֱӽ͸
˵ĳУǰ˾ǽЩˣǺܿٴι˷׷׵мܣҶĳʮ޼ԷȻ˲䱬ֱӽ͡һǹȫŻһ˲ճһŻҡ
Ҷʱһû뵽ôá
ԽԽĹ﹥ԭҲңȥ͹ԿһսһսĸȫīɫϢУսʱ򿴲ӣֻһīɫϢҲشܶһһ¡¡ı죬ʮּҡ
Ҷ漸³üҲһ˿ԸЩҪ㣬ЩĹǺǿ󣬵ȴмǿ޸ҪԸǣֻһԽǸɵǲһ֣Ҳ𲻵á
ܿ죬Ҷٴηͷ۵⣬Щﱻɵ֮󣬿ٴ
տʼû⣬ܿͷɱ˰죬Щȴûм٣ϸһһɱһӵ﷢ŹĺоٳµģȻͶս
ܿҲ⣬һһ𣬳һƶ
һĹٳһ£Щ￴Щ˾ۼҲ׷׸Χ飬ָֻӵ˶ĸ֣Իһָӣγ˹͡
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˺ܿǰƽףȻһ˲䣬Щȫ˹㣬Ȼ˵Źâĺ
˶ʱһ㶣û뵽ЩԼʧ׷һ
ղŵսȻ㲻ʲôսȴ˿ϣΪЩƵˣĶҲᱻЩͺǿȺ֮˭ҲܲˡҶ濴ЩȴͻȻһ뷨뵽ЩҲͬһѭϵͳġ
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ҵ뷨Ļ˵һƬռУһ޴ĶӦţһǶ綼̻𡣡Ҷ˼š
ˡǶϢϢЩ԰׵ǻȽˣⶫֻǱȽѲϢãѸٴﵽ۷״̬·ºܲˣ
˱׷ͳҩָԼƺҶҲȴһֱ˼⡣
뷨˻
˼һӣ˵ͷţ뷨Ȼ˵϶һǶԵģҵʱ򣬾ָоΪÿﶼɫķҺģЩҺ͵ʵһǰ˰ʱ䣬ȴһûɱҲԭ򣬲ҵʵ΢ҪΪʲôûɱνͻȻʶ⡣
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ţҲ˵ͷҶһ˿͡


ʮһ ۷֮· 416°ٹѲɽ
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ʱѾнвһɽУһСɫҺ幹ɵĺӨӨҺƽʣΧïܵĶֲ
ţǰɢͻȻͣҶһǰһ󱮣ӨӨҺ壬֡ٹɽ
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Ӧǣϴεʱ򣬷ܶط˵ĺۼӦ޽ռġ챮ʯ˵߰ɣǰٹɽɽǶܻͷˣ
˵žʹ˼ߡ
ءһӣһͳĺһͷƤһ顣
ŽɽУﶯֲ˺ֻܶ࣬һƬƬͰĹľӨӨ΢⣬Զһһŵı̹âһСһƮڿС
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һӣߵһСɽϣԶֵľȫסˡ
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ʱھһٶ๫ĵطһǧ׸ߵĴȫӨӨĹâԶһ޴ɫһʮҫΰ޴ں辶ӨӨģͬʯһƽ̹ɽ
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̫ˣʿ鲻Խĸ̾ȷʵΰɽĴƽ𺳡
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ʲôжʣŻʾ˲ҪңԾƶЩҪʲô
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ǳ֮󣬳һܣһֱɱ
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һ·֮ҶȻ֣Χʣһˣ˶֪ȥˡǣΧһȦһȦŵΧߣסԾڿһǵԾҶоԽԽױһϡ
ҶʱؽȻȻΧһ޼ǱһбΧռ伷ռһǿ׵罫ҶֱΧΧɨ
Щ鼱ܣȻȱھͱֲϣ̶ԽԽ
Ҷ汻޴ȫʧȥǣһ׵ͱɨһкռǿӿЩƺûжЧڲϵУҶԽԽ٣ҲɿʼήҲͨһֱ̱ĵڵϡǹڲϵûҶ࣬ҶѾȫûоȥԿˡ
ģģỺֱʧϰΧҶ棬Ѿ̱ͬϡһʼΧ
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Ҷɫ԰ףĴӵΧĸΧƱ
ʱûǳصĹʱ˺ܶ࣬ûѹȸУ徲ˡ
ЩѵؽΧΧһȦ顣ʱȻ񼫶ήңȴȻǿž񣬸ղŹľ񹥻ʵ̫ǿˣȫĶܵ˼ĴҶƽһôصĸš
ˣЩյ룬ҪǰļιʵôЩ⣬Ĺ﹥Ϊ˭Ҳû뵽ô
мתŰ취
Ŀǰõ깥ֻ桢̡⡣ȻЧɱһ飬Ҫһ棬˿õޣھήңò˼Ψһõġ
Щܾһ
ҶαʱͻȻЩ˫ɫĹâ˻˻Уԭε鿪ʼ׷ױ仯һһɫâãҲ״СҪȫɢһɹɴѹ⣬Ȼʵס
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ͬʱһֻ޴ųҶ汼ҶڵһȻؽϵһգһȻ⽫õİסȻ͡õİֱӻڹ⡣Ҷ΢΢һƶؽһɨֱɱ
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Ȼ˲ȫɫħƤƤҲֱӲ˫гɫĹâҫ˲侫٣ΧһɿϢҶ󲻵ѽħ䡷ٴʩչѾ֪ôˡʲôʲô
֮Ǳܱ񱻴˼ѪһٴһЩҶ֪սȥˡͻΧ
һѡһȥճһþֱӴɫһֱҶͷ­ҶһգȻһȻֱӱһ䵶ҶҶܲϱһ
һʹٴδ̼һ㣬ȻʹԾȻؽϵ⣬·һ𣬵ڵϵʱѾ˺棬һȳһյĿ񱼣Χɢֱӳ˹Ҷһؽٴʩչս
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ȵʱɽϡ
ΧһƬףͷѣҧ˼Χûˣ̿ʼϥȻõҩٵ޸š
ʱҶо࣬վ˼˯ǰһЩԼǱεġ˿ΧҲ֪ԼʲôλҲҲǡ
˼һ£ҶȻָȻȥһǣϾûǣҶԼһ˺Ѵȥ
һȽεĵطȻڽ֮ǰ׼˺ܶ൤ҩ;ĶУֺķ˰յʱ䣬ָǰٷٰ֮ʮĳ̶ȡ
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ʮһ ۷֮· 417¿ս
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ܿµķ֣ΪǿصĴϸλõΧҶһ򣬳ǷٿһڻصǱΧĵطʱطѾʲôûˡĵһƬš
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Ҷѣ̫ˣ˵˵
Ҷ濴˾һ԰ףȻڻûлָʵأ𣿡
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ǵģҵʱǹķңҲΧƴ֮һֱˣʦֵܶûټֱλѡɢһƣȻĥĲᡣ
Ҷ˵ͷʵӳѾܲˣǱǾӢ飬ÿ˶ʵģǻƿ״´ʻͦߵġ
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ܿ죬˵Ŭ£ҵɢеͳᰣ׺ꡢ˵ʬ塣ĵĻǳ͸ȴһֱûһһӣˣȻѰҳ
ҵɢеʬ塣ξ͸ûǵʧǳһˡ
˶ΪȥĬʱͻȻԶ˸OO@@ĽŲ˶ʱĿǸ򣬹һﻺ߳ˣһĸߴһīɫϢ;裬ǻŸ
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Ҷߵһǰ棬ȻؽȻһǡһ졣Ȼѣ˷׷׿
ã̡Ҷ浭˵˾ûͷûԵĻ˶ֻлˡ΢΢һЦûг
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ʱͻȻһԶ
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ӿٶȣһ廯һīɫĴâ˲٣ʿҲֱӼٿܡ
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ݡ˼ٿ񱼣˲䳯ɴܣմܳԶǾ޴ҺȻĻվĵطֵȴûзҶһŷҺһڿҪײϵʱȻһתķȥ
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ʮһ ۷֮· 418³ɽ
˿һƬڰ磬Ҷͻ⣬㶵ĿΧ
û뵽֮󣬾ȻᵼΧһƬɭʧʵ˷˼Ҷͻһۣ΢΢˵ͷǲ²ǶԵģȻһƬɫѭ࣬һ򵹣ʱԶĶֲȫʧ̱Ҷ濴ΧһƬڰпʼЩĻӦȻΪûгʲôΣ
ˣǼϢһ֮˵ղŵսʵǺܼңܶ˶ˣʮҺͳɵвܴ
Ϣ֮˼ųķܿ͵һƬ޴ɽȴԶԶֿԿһƬөɫĹâȻеȷʵǴڵġɽΧܿǾͷԶ޴ɽˣɫܿһ޴Բν
Ǿǳ𣡡ɢ˿Ǿ޴ɽ˵ֵĽʱдϲʵ
վɽǳеĽɫصĵ˵ͷΪͿԼĹȥǰһοʱпϲѣ龰ĿһΣٿʱѾǴ֮ˣʵ̾
Ҷ˫ĿĿǴԶ֮УһӴ޵ɽţɽ·Ϸ죬˵ĿУһƬƬɫž޻һְΧһԲ״ĴΪںɫУԿĲֻĿ״￴ܸоʮӴ̩ɽһڶˣ佨Ȼʮֹϣǽ֮
翴ǳ鲻Խ˵
ǰصĹ񱦲ءǵǰ˭ܲأʿǴһϲ
ϲʱͻȻһ˲侯ûӦͻأĴӺɫĵܳ첲ϸĺ٣ǲӦ죬Ҷ棬৵ľʹܵСǸҲյıܿ
᰺ɢ˵ķӦҲǱһٲסţ˼ٿϣҲܵĿУֻеʿ磬ɢеŮӶֱӲסȻЩپǷ̳һ˲һĽǰĺҲצĳſ˷ɴܹ
Ҷؽһ˲۳ɾʮŵǿâȻ˲ڿγ޴򣬳ŷӿܹĺٴܹȥ˲ͽĺըмҷɣͬʱȻſ˫ۣ˲䣬˫ϲ˳ɫĻ棬һХȻܶγڿмֱӳٿɨȥ֮һƬ𺣣ʮǿ󣬹ȻǻǵˣڻϵѾﵽ˾˵ĵز
Ҳ׷׿񹥣Žӿĺѹȥʱ˲üһĶһ֮£ʱд󾪣ʱǽµĵϣһڵϵǿ״֩룬ȫȴûȣֻĺ٣ֻ۾ɫâʱѾ˲ΧסһĺپһſϣۿҪһ첻ϵκ֫ͷ­زţͲͷκεֻһơ
ȳǣһɨһȻȳ֣ʱ˫ϵĻȻһķ˫һϣȻһৡһȻ۳һֻ޴Ļˣչᳯĺٴܹȥ֮ȼգǿһɨһƬɱ
ǹҲʱŭٳ˳ûӴ˵ʱ򣬾Ѿ˱ǿֱյȼǹȴ쳣׺ȻٿɨһһĿ񳱳Żɨȥû˱û
һʱŭȻһӣȻٴʩչֱֻӱʩչŵĺٷɨȥڣ˲Ͼͳ˺ٺͻ硣ǹһٷĴӿ޴аȡ֮֮ߣչ֮ȻԼɣʮѶԸ
ڻ֮ҶҲ˲֣޴Ϸӿܶһǿһŵ汩һб£ڵ޴ıըҵҷɡ
ҲƵ֣޴дܳУͬ컨һ£ںмٴӿ̶Ƭ̣ͽжϣǸҲҳ򣬻Ӵҵıըǿıըгٴκɨ
ͬʱ֣ŵĺٿըмɴܣѹŴҶʱץסᣬֳֳŵ漱ٷɴܣ˫Ͽ׾̤ͬһɴܣ޴ϱ˲ܵʵʵǰ̶ؽźٿٱըҷɣȻҶմܽȥһץ磬йιһ߷ɴܡ
ԭЩˣΪЩԽԽϢȴû뵽һ̣Ҷܽһ̣඼ֹͣȫⳡˣû뵽ҶԸ
Ҷץȥʱֶʱŭ׷źҪƣҶ׾̤ܣܲپһҶֱʩչ׾̤ļ£˻ڿмٷӿٶ㿪ԽΣճ嵽˰ȫ
类ҶڿУϸ죬˺ߵͬƻҿҶ棬ϸ˵лҶѾ֮
ȴ֪ҶʱѾٴγȥһҶѾܽ˺֮УűΧĵʿȥ
㡭ʱЩʧҧҧһɫӷ⣬Ȼŵ䣬֮ڣȻ˿ȻǸЩȡҶƾǿٶƣȻܵʿĸǰȻؽһ˲ͽΧŵʿĺٿϣͬʱ׹һЩٶըı
ݡһʿ̴ܳɫҲյУһȻټĽγɰ»״˲һƬ٣ȻҶ滯糯зɴܡ
Ҷܵʱһؽ٣ҪܳȥʱһٹĽȲסȻȻһҶʱ󾪣һʱ˲ҶΣСһĺپǺһҶ˹ȻҶȥҶⱬ䣬׵ͨؽб
ʱ˶ҶΣΪҶżɫͨ죬żѣϾҶľˣһҧоӳҶΧȥʱ죬Ҳ׷׽Ҷ档
ĿըҶѹʱ٣һХ֮Ҷ˻һ⣬˲Ӻгͬʱ޴ıըըɷĩʱУֻɢеһʿȻУԽԽһĺٲƹȥ˰ʵʵȶûȡ
ǹ￴Щ˴˳зΪʱһ˻˻Уٻ꣬ȥ˷׷ױɢȻֳյȻһ꣬ʿ˵¡
˽һͨըȴûжЧǹܵʱٶޱȣ˲ͻһֱӴܽ˵˵ķըĵʯɽȴδ˼ԷƤë
˶ɫ࣬Ȼ󻺻ľһҲ׷׸žһ
ߣһȳųķȥҶ̾˿ɡ
ʱԭʮѾʣ°˸ˣҶ濴Щˣ֪˳Ļм

׿ķУһ·նɱ֣ڷɵ˳ɽ¡
죬ҶҲЩƣԭΪ˴ûˣû뵽ָ֮ˣҺܶ඼ǲɫҺģһ·ϳԾ˿ͷɽµʱ򣬼ÿ϶ˡ
վɽ£ͷȥֻгɫһӿгɫ粻ͣķɴܣ޴۳һ̽ᷭӿصӴҫһƬعϡֻɽƣ׽쳤ǿʵǿ
ⳤΣյľĴɽˣҵɽʱŸ߶ԽԽߣжԽԽٻɽƺںʲôһս֮½ɽƻдĺö֣ϴνĶ˼ҩ͹ѾʵˣߵѾǾ޴ĽˡŴɽϲ˵
һֻҪɽôջ񣬶ʱһдϲ
ߣһ˳ɽ
ɽȷʵ˵ʲôֵĴһ̤ȥ͸о±ʲôһжЩٻһؼһ
Ÿ߶ȵԽԽ󣬵˶ʵǿʿ˶Щν΢һͿӦˡ
һ·ߣͻȻǷɽ·һ޴ʯɫʯһЩ֡ΧȥһֻС֣ص˵ɽгɽɽĴгںǬҪдԵ˲ܽȥһС֮ڴֹ
һر˵ɽ֮һС£ܾŴ˵飬Ȼܵ޴ĳͷ˵ʱҲʯΪʯĵطǳ
Ƿʲô飿ʿʵΪʯϵĿ֣ء
ҡҡͷһ治Ϊҽȥʱ򣬵ʵ΢һ·СĽʲôҶʲôȻȥ֮󣬲ûоʲôŶˡΨһ˵ɽһߴãҾʱ΢ζһ£һҼǵúʱŵҡ
ǾͺãȻ˶ܰȻȥСЩ£Ӧû⣡Ǹǰ·ͷ˵
Ҳ׷ôΪ֮ܿɽ·ʮ
ʲôǰɢͻȻۼĿ˿ȥֻһںڵƺӣ淢΢΢Ĺâʲôһ뵽ǳ˵ɽһ·þͶִССıǱڵ˼һ˵ʿʮżĳȥһ֮һС
ҶҲ߹ȥһֻһɫͷָڿУ΢΢ĺ⣬ʮ־͸Ӳɣ֮Уں
ǺǣŶߵɽ絽һҶЩûʲôȤֻԳҩȤԼְԡŽָЦǺǵ˵һʱһ֪ô֡
ҿҶѰɣһ̰ƵĵʿȻҶ棬ԼҶȹһΣָ֮ɡ
һԭҪҲûڣϾҶһ·չֳʵȷʵöָҶ㿴Žָҡҡͷû£ǷְɣʲôҲأλǳ˭Ӧá
ɢʵڴѣðɡȻҶѿϣǸɢ˺ˡ˵žʹӵʿҪʿȻһΡ˭ȼ񵽹˭ָҪˣ˵žϡ
һϣʱͻζȻʿȫһ̣֫ٺڲȼʿ㶵ĿΧˣ֮ɫƺôҲû뵽ϽָȻֱҪ
ˣһӱˣ˷׷ԶʿʿһУ볯˳ûֱ߳ˤڵϣȫҵḷ́Ѹٻһ߹Ǽܣͷ˷ĩ
ĿɿڴĿŵϵĵʿʱ֪˵ʲôá
ɢŵľղǵʿȥûſڵϵľʱ亹乶¡ҶҲͷһԼղûӣҪȻԼҲ군ˡ
˵쳣գҪȡĽѵԺڲ϶ĶٶΪáɫһ˿أ֮£ʧһԱʿԽԽ٣ȴûнȥⲻǺͷ
߰ɡ˵һ䣬ͼɽȥʿ˵ľǼҳ㷹Ѿϰˡ
ҶͻȻüһ߻ȥǳɫýָٴϸĶһ£ȻŽԼǬ˿°׹Ƿĩҡͷ̾˿


ʮһ ۷֮· 419»ı
һ·ϣ˷ɢɢĺܶණ
ָ⣬ɲݡʯҩһЩֵķšʿѪĽѵǺܽЩ飬ȻСװǬȳȥ֮취
ܿ죬˾͵ɽµķ֡
Ƿһ߾޴ĺǣʮ׸ߣſڵϣھֲԶһ޴սʽ֪ԶŵĶ
ﾭֺᷢǣôģҲǵһμʵҵⳤɽʱֻǴҴҵĿһۣܶණȥˣҲǵòǺӡУǰӦкܶĹ˼˵
ǲǿԲ²⣬ɽϵĸֱʵЩĹ˵ģҶŻĻ˵ҹƣɽǰսս䣬֮ǵıɢһɽȻ˽ǵʬռ
š˵ĲûеҿҲпܵġ˵ͷȵɽɣɽϸһоܷˡ
һɽߣһ·ϣԽԽ࣬СӶУܶ˰صĶ¶ԶҲвʯϧûֻ֣зšͬʱҲԽԽ࣬ܶ೤ʯϵĲݶݣٵط¶ʯҲǾ˵ĺö
˸տʼһЩ棬ҶҲֻǺܽһҩͼȽϡٵʯͷʵĿĻΪؼ֮ȱ
һӣͻȻ֣ЩĹʮйɣƺһֵĴʽϵģھڴΧҶܸоԶŴʵһĴ󣬵֪ʲôǹͨ·
֪ںܶණֻ֪һһſ
˺ܿؾ͵˳ɽĶˣһʱһǰһ
ΪǰһƬ޴ķسԶǾ޴ķذЩذ֮䣬ĲǻĲҰݣȫҩɲݣҶһӶûôɲݣʵ̫ˡǰȼһʲôǣɲǧ꣬ʽ
ɢ˿ԶһƬɲݣʱдϲ
ǺǣǷˣҴװҩҩп¶װ¡翴ô˵ɲݣҲʮϲ
ǻܳأûбôɲס侲˵ȱżɲǺܶ࣬ǰ֮ɲݲ㶯ɲˣҲž޴ΣΪȫԷذŪǣȥʿǾΣˡ
ţô˵Ҳ׷侲
Ƚȥһ·ΧɲݿԶڷϵɲǲܶģΨһоˣ˵ĻҶϸء
˿ʼΧСռɲݣ¾ڷذʿ⣬ɲݱʮִĶеʱвԶпֱܵӿή˶ܽȴûж֣ҶҲֻǲ˼ѹħĵɲݣȥƼŵ裬Աħ䡷֮ħ⡣
ҶͻŶ˶Щʿոһȡɲݡ
ʵ˵ǲǻʲôΣգҶûпȴſ˵
ǺǣʲôΣգﵽΣգЦϵīɫϢϵš
˵ĻӦףҲǴһ·ϵı볤϶Ҫʿһ·ϵʵأôֻһͣǽ볤ҪһʿҶ浭˵
ûпҶ棬ȴ֡Ȼһˣܲµ⡣
ȻΪλôҪô˸ȥǸԣֻһܣǾһ·ҪĳһطҪܴﵽĿģȾΣգʵ֮ЩΣմǿԱģŴοǲСģô಻Сģǳ˰ɣҶ˵
ٺ٣˵һЦ
Χǣ˵ܣǾôˣƫȵҪɵʱͻΧǹҲȥİɡҶ˵ڵʿҿȻ˵ǲСĿۣҿĵģǰڡ˵ǱôʧȥҲһûĹֱָףЩ˶ʿеľӢô㳣ʶûأ
ңһ·ϣ˲ٹҿǳҶ΢΢תͷⱬ
ܲȻҿеĸ֣Ȼôϸĵķ飡һЦȻ˵ûҾҪһЩˣȻѾ⣬ҲֱӸ㣬ˣػĹǲǽȥģûף;ܵĵõ볤Ʊ˰ɣ
ʲôô˵ǽʱһֱǣȻǵףҶһʱоȲѡ
ǵģû뿪ϴܴһƬʿ֮˵ܳģңҪֽףʵԽǿԽãǵζ˵ţдһ˿񡣡Ҹ㣬볤ķʽǻˣҲ˵ֻܽȥ
ˣҶһ㶣ʱоŭ
ٺ٣СӣԽԽˣһȥĴ󱦱ʲôɲݣĶƨҶɫһЦ˵СӣҪףκʵڣе˺ֹǧ٣ûһܲɱ˾ߵڣͬû˭ΪʵһЩ˾͵
ǲҲҶĮ
Ȼ㵱ȻҲҲ˶ǣתͷϵ˫ͬŻ棬һת
Ҷû˵
СӣҲһֻԵֻ˵ãûԵܻĻԵңһһջܴģЦ
ҶĻȻûܾкܲˬֱŪĸоԼҲСתһ룬ĻҲûҪǽҪʧһλԵˡ
Ҷû˵Ҷļ˵ˣܻ֪ûǿߣǿ߶ɱλģЩ߲ǣһ壬ʵʱħ硣лĸ߲Ҳˡؾܴﵽڵˮƽ㵽صʱ򣬿¾Ѿվ۷ˡԣǰ;Զǧ򲻿£ҵ˼˰ɡ
Ҷ濴ŻвĿ⣬֪еġ¡ʲô˼̾˿ȻԻ˵˵ĻҲǣҲƻļƻϣУǳ᰺
һ΢΢һ㶣תͷ˿ԶһֻվţûκɲݵĳᰣȻ˿Ҷ棬ûΪʲôߺߣҿ˵ϲһˡ
ҶйâһתǷضæɲݵʿǡ
߰ɣǿյĲˣҶ˵
Ҷ˵ͷһ߹ȥ
̶̵һʱ䣬˾ջܴٵҲջ˽ʮ꣬ûҩˣǲͣ֡
ˡ̰СЩ͹ˣ߰ɣк˱׷׳ȥ
Χķذܶ࣬Խ棬Խ٣ͻȻ˿ǰ棬Ҳɽ룬һɫֱֱʣͬһһֱӺͳͬʱǳɫâΧһǿҲһ޴ĳɫ֣ڹֵ棬һԲεľ޴
ӦþͨĴ󣡡ɫâĴ
Ӧôɢʵ
ҡҡͷȻ˵ǹȥ
Ǹշ󼸸ذͻȻſһã׶ࡣ
Ҹ˵ģҵһʱ򣬻ᶯãǶעһ㣬Ҳ֪᲻ṥˣ˵
ô˵׷ԶãǿõʱͻȻ͵Ĵӵվ˫ɫĹâ˶һ
ҶŻȥ֪ÿ϶ǻĹ
˻˻һȻȻóҲһĹâܳ
Сģţȴδȥһ𣬳Žɢ˹ȥɢȻų⳯÷ȥͬʱˣŹȫû˺ãͬʱñĳȻȣӾһڹһܹ޴ܣȻɢһȥ
ɢд󾪣Ȼӿٵһܣһ£ͱɢ˾ǵ֮Σʱ̣ȻӼһӲԱ߻һ¹ϡ
֮ͼٷ񱼣ٶޱȣʹܵɢ˱ȻȻһꡱһֱӽ񱼵ɢ˲˸͸ɢ˿Զˣϻһ˿飬û뵽ڿҪﵽĿĵصʱ򣬱ɱˡ
Ҷ濴һĻҲΪ𾪣û뵽õʵǿٶ죬ͬһҴܣ˲ɢ
ڿȻһʹܹȥ˫Ȼ裬мٳɳȥʱһȻһ㿪УͬʱҲһ߼ٷɴܣûܳԶþȻһһȻɳ˲ͳϯȥ˫һ籾ֱӱϣ˿ûá
ΣʱҶȴȻһǿڹ⣬˲䳯õķȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 420
ʱɴܣ˫â
Ҷ˫Ȼ⣬ͬһ㣬Ȼӿ÷ȥóһֻһճҶĵ
žһ죬޴ڿзӿһǿĳ
Ҷû˿ͣ٣Ȼӳһܣһ˲͵øǰؽһâͬѩƬһ㳯ȥԭɱ磬ȴҶǿĹȵĲȻһܣ˫âײһȻռ裬һǿϱ
ٶޱȣҶҲȫʩչ׾̤˫ڿмҵսһ񱬷޴źͱϽ֯һ
ɫЩƵĿҶ棬û뵽Ҷ滹ȥҶȻܿãˣҲá
Ҫˣ˵һ䡣
ܿ죬Ҷþһ𣬳˴󺰣ߣ
ҧҧٴγһҲֱӳϣ˺ڿмҵĴսõĹʮֵ꣬ǱϹЩǱȫԭӲĹͷҲ˺ü顣
𡫡ڿһȻȻһתų᰷񹥻ᰱʿһ첲ֱֱײڵϣȻú۾޴ڹֱᰶǿڽϷӿ顱һ˵һȻһһ߶ܿ
ҶȻϵĴܶ޴ؽ֮УһǿƥؽϷɴܣؽҵĹâҵڿб裬նҶһʱҵİ׹УһǿֱӴ֮ܳ޴ڿг̶֣һţŵڿƼȦһ볯÷ɴܹȥ˲ܾ޴
һתܿҶʩչʱٶ죬˶̶˲ͻá顱ı죬ñըֱԵڵϣըһӡ
ץסᣡҶ汩һٴδϣ˲任߱Сľǽ󣡣
һ߱ľΧƣһǿɫľϷĵҫڿռмٷɴܣҶ壬һǿϢѸٴܶһ˿˿ɫ˿ΧҶΧγһ޴󷨡
ʱҶԴӵõ֮˾Ѿǽ˼£һֱûüʩչһʩչǽ˲ͽǽ£ǽǰо޴ĲǰǽʩչҪʱ䣬һΣֻҪʱ伴ɣ߱ɫľϷҫҵɫâЩâܿͲľͬɫһȻȼգͷųҫ۵Ĺâ
߿ǳһͬʱҲڿռƣ˲ͱ޴Ҷ棬ԶǳҶΧһ
âǳУҶһȻȻ񱩶𡱵һһɫȻʣͬʱһȻ֣ʮ׸ߣӰڿУһ˫۾עǰ޴ѹ̿
Ҷʩչǽ󣬶ʱһ˿죬û뵽һʵôǿȻʩչ˾˵ʽ
ৡһҶ˫һһٿȻܳ޴ӿʱ᰺ѾͨϵĹס˿ҶѾʩչϣһΧòлվվǽһײȥ
¡¡һ죬ʱХһĳǿڿȻӿһŷĳ˲佫ϳ޴ı콫˲ըڣڿҷɣҲըʯĽ
Ǳըãʱһ飬û˵תͳȥɢЩ棬Ϊʲôɫÿ
Ҷ濴ñըʱ΢΢˿Żķһֻۣ䱳ӰҶйâ
̫ˣǺǣӮˣ嵽ҶǰЦ˵
Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ǺǣȷʵӦøлǳᰣ֣ҲӮôɴ࣡
翴˿ᰣȻǰһȻӣʱƺЩ㵣Ǻָֻܿǰ״̬ҶҲųᰣͳһ˲ײȻûб仯ܸоһ˿Ĭ
ҶĵĻǻ֪һﻹʲôͼڸŻһֻһ˵þͱˣȻڿ˵ȽϿأϼ޻Ҷ
Żߵ˴ģʱǰһɫȻɴܣԶĳɫâһΧһգԳһ޴ĳɫ
Χˣɫص˵ҪҪ
˶ЩֵĿŻΪʱúܹ졣
ʲôɢֻʣˣһ߸ʿһӺͷʿǺͷЩʵ
ⶫҲ֪Χһңҵ˵ţȴҶ棬Ҷףؿ϶Ҫˣûб仯ȴͨ񴫴˼Ǿǣͳˡ
ֻҶ룬ȴûʲô飬Χ˵ˣһң
˶Щ棬ǰջĻڳ˳ɫâĵѰңܿͱɫĹâˡ
ãǳɫĹͻȻһ̶֨֨ϷҲʼҫ⣬ڵ浹ҽһһ޴ĳɫԲͻȻȻֳҶֱֱվڷУûѰңŷתҶ֪Ѿˡȥɢˣպˡ
ҲףûԶȥһֱߡ
ˣλɣҪˣ󺰡
Ҷۿ߻ǳ᰺磬Ǿ˵Źǣɢˣǳ᰺ΣˡĿǰֻܺͳᰡΪһߣֻʣһˣᱻƣȫڶԷҪɱֱ練ˣ˵Ļʤʻһ㡣
ģһųɫ߳һˣҶһǸԸʧӰڹУҶæȥʱһϲͳˣ˰ȻĴӹ߳ƺûʶղŹǲ
վڷ룬һӣǷĹâԽԽȻѾˡ
ôûʡ
û˵ҲЩ棬Ϊʲô˶ûг
һ죬ʱӿռзɴ⣬ԭĳ⽻ʱγһ޴Ĺӷ룬ΧַҲҫʰ쵵Ĺâ
Խȥˣ˵ţԼվ˽ȥ
Ҳŷ׷վȥŻô죬ûڣͿɫʮ㽫ڵĻȥͳҲ㶼Ĭˡף˴ǻزˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 421½
Ƕվȥ֮󣬺ܿȫγһڿȻһᣬ˲仯һʧ
ٴӦʱҶһΧѾվһֵĿռУΧûһ½أ£ϣΧռ䣬ȫ޵ģһԶһЩɫӣ΢ĹâвƯŵţͬ߿һԶܿһԲεǽڣȻǳΧ
˽֮󣬶ôû뵽оȻĳڵĺ֮󣬱㶼Ż
ΧȻ˵ҲûҲָȷķֻƾŸоߣĽɣ˵žǰȥҲ׷׸ϣҶȻҲһ϶ں˵ڻǽҴʱ򣬱Ҳŷɡ
һӣͻȻǰƯһʯͷΧȥһʯͷϾȻ֡
һؼɨһۣ˵
˶ʱһû뵽Ȼᱻʯͷϡ
˳˵أҿؼ֤һ㣡ؼǿӡɣԺȥ
ҶҲӡһСɥҾĹƺһֿʹÿռλӶķһ㣬Ҷ˵ԽԽáӡ֮˼У֮󲻾ãǾڿƯĶһ޴ĺӣͬײһտʼԶʱû뵽ô
ΧȥһһʯףԿž޴ԶŻƣ߲ĺۼһԶڻ£˾򿪹ײģΪ˷ֹʲôʬ֮ɳʩչһ׷ռʽһײĴ򿪣ĿռҲᱻֱ׵Առ
һ׼֮Ҷȥˡ
ڳᰵĿռ£ĽײĴ򿪣մһѷ죬͸һɺɫ壬ҶȻһһƹײĸǣȻŷӱ˶˿֮ǹײеĺȻɢݣͬʱһȫźëģצ۽ʬȻӹײֱͦͦҳ淴ˣûΪռٶȳһ˲䣬һ˲䣬Ѿ˹гɫһգǽʬʱȫŻ
Ҷתһ˲һ޼͡ļȻһըǽʬֱӱ֮ᰲųĿռ
˷ɵײΧһŷײǽ鱦ˣһĹâӹײЩʯʮ󰺹Ĳϣϧʿ˵ûʲôļֵַһҳһѿõĶ
֮Ҷ濴һСĳɫӣ򱻸ͳ᰼˷ˡ
֮˼ǰиŵĶԽԽ࣬һһ棬Ƿ𵤡ؼһӾҶץʱѼܿ͵õ漸궼òĶʱпϲѣҶҲջܴ󣬵õ˺üؼһЩĸҩֻⳤ鴫ʵǱࡣ
˷һ·һ·
Σµķ֣ǿԶиһɫĽ΢Ĺɢ΢΢Ĺһ˴С
ۣβ֪ʲôñٺ١ҲʲôϡнЦˣ붼ûһɹȥȵǰҶһⶫܹŹ֣һνֲܴڵνһһĸڿС
ⶫҿӦǴ˵еǸϸһӣȻ˵ͬʱ˿û˿ʾ
Ǹ˵ͺܾͼֵˣ˵ӲĲϣǽڽ𾫵ĴڣôȻǼޱȣҶ˵ͷ˵һʱдϲ
ۣⶫô˵žȥġ
˵꣬ҶͻȻɫһ䣬ÿ
һʱһ㶣ûӦͿǽȻһһȻһ߷ɴܣǽȴɳһ⳯ץٶ죬˲ͽĽסҶû˿ԥ˲֣žһͽֱնˡ
Ŷһ١
µĿҶ棬ٻͷνʱȴִʱѾһˣֻϳһ˫ɫ۾⣬١
⣬ô£֪˵
Ҷؽⱬ裬Ŀιһ˲䣬ⶫ˫۱⣬̬ҲѸٱ仯
Χסһ˲䳯ȥ޴ȻīɫϢһܲĴʣҲ׷ռһλãΧ
ӹĿбһΣһ⣬Ȼʹܵ˻ǰ֮˫Ƴȭһȭ޴ͬȵɽһǿٷɴܣͬʱ˲ȭһȭͻཻ
ءһ챬죬ʱоһɾ޴ѹϮʱ˶ɳȥһâʧ
˶ʱһ㶣û뵽ĹǿԶԸתһ룬˹Ȼ̷ǳеķˡ
ǹһɨ⳯ҶʹܹȻٶȿ磬˲ܵҶǰ̶ǿٷɴܣֱҫͬ޴ɫһֱӳҶźҲ˿ǿȻ裬ؽǿ˲ʹһܣһֱ
ءһ͹ཻǹʱڿзһͷ
ҶһʱһղһȻûʲôȴųɵȴֻԷһͷԷĿʵھǹﱻһͷ֮ڿһ˲䳯Ҷɴܹǿٿӿգۼ͵Ҷĸǰ
ҶʱؽͨҲϵ壬岻һȥƴһƴ˭ĸӲ
Ҷ͹˲ײһ𣬾޴ӿ˫ٶȶʮ־ˣһһʽļ죬ܿͻǿĹڿвϵĽӣͳ᰿Ŷﲻæǿľ˵Ҷ档
ءһ죬Ҷ汻ֱӴڿлһǣûɳԶǹ΢һͣ٣ȻܳҶֱ׷ȻһȭҪҶԴңҶʱӦڿмһܿ﹥ȻǿŤת壬ٴκ͹һ
ʱҲ˻ҶֱӺԿһ󾪣û뵽ҶѾǿ̶ֳȣ졣ղһоѾǿ˵ԶԶҶѵҲǽ
̶̼ӣҶ֮Ͷ˲ֹһٻغϣٶȿ硣
ڣֻһ죬ǹﱻһȭϣҶһܣٴֱȥǹﱻķӦٹ¾ͽڿҷɣҶĹҲͬһ䡣
ÿһ˲֣Ҷһֱӱܿܿһ˲䣬һɫֱӲȥȻ˲佫
Ҷʱһû뵽ʩչָ߼棬潫һһסһֻ֮ǼΪ߼֡
û֮˶ʱһǿ̶ȣܼҶôǿĵ޵еĳ̶ȣȴֻһ˿˿ĺۼϿ
˸һ֮ͻȻԶĿռȻһ͸տʼⶫ鲻̶֣ʱͳٸ
ãʱһ㶡
ҲûôӦ˵
ܣһӦһһٷɴܣҲ׷׸ϡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 422´ħڶ
˻ûܳԶЩڿеͼٵı仯ͬһһһӣһɫˡ
̶ǻڱΧʱǰѾһ˫˫ɫ۾Ƕħһǣǿһ費֯ѹɽһѹ
ݡһһԵһ˲䳯ǰ񱼵Ļ˹̶׷׳˷
ʱһȫīɫϢͳһԲΧ棬޴һĴӿ˲仯ŵɫľߣȥ
ҶҲȻؽתһŵȻɴܣֱӱɣҶ弱ٴܹһ氵ɫĴƣΧٷӿƣﶼɣҲʵף߰˵˲צΧɴܣЩĲϵɡ
˶ʩչԼǿʽֵЩΪֻǵֵսһ·ϿĿİûʲô󰭡
ܿ죬Ǿ˴鷳ǸǰԶһʮ׸ߵǿһɽһǸǰס˸ȥ·ʱ׷һΧסĿˡ
ȱ˫һӣȻ˫ۺȻһչৡһһǿıȻܳಡһǰγһɫԲ򣬾޴ԲϷɴܣһī֭һڣԲȻ󣬵ȴһ˾ĿֲϢһۣ֪ⶫǿ
֮򣡣ʱ󾪣꣬Ȼ֪ǿʽ˿Ļ֮
Ȼ֪ʲôǡ֮򡱣־ףһĵ֮
һ߼ٴܷɣһֱ߽֮ӳȥ
ݡһֱ֮ײǿƤϡ
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һ˲İ֮
䡫
ǿԻصССĺڶﱬ޴һǳĢ˲ҵĹâҫ۵̫һ˶òס۾
ҶоѣһοǿĹ棬һԻٵϻʳˣû뵽ʵѾǿĳ̶ˡ
ȴΪź֮һ벽Ԫģһöһöӳȥ۲ѡ
˸ȵģ֮ը֮ɽﾹȻڣֻѾըŤˡ
ʱסˣҲ׷𾪣ⶫҪ̡
ƴˣҶһȫħǣ˲ͽΧħ䡷ھмٷɴܣʵҲȻǹＱٷȥ
һʱѾû·ˣֻܹһһҲ׷ʩչǿ
ȴΪҶ˵Ĺһû˿˺˻֮ƺûжܴݻ͵ȻȴӰһ㵲˸ǰûһͻ
ҶܲͻƣĹţȫġħ䡷ֱӼٱһɹħҰһҶϷ賤
ͻȻҶоһ˿һѿĸо
ǵģǼҪѿһ
Ҷ滹ûüƷζʲôƤѸѿˣһħϵıѿĵط¶ĲѪ⣬һɹɸΪǿħƤҲ֮䣬ƺҪһ
ҶʱѾȫһƬħİ֮УоԼһӤӤܿҪħȼгˡ
ءһ죬Ҷ˲䷢һɫǿХһӿ˲佫ǵһֱɨĵɳȥһХǷӵɨҶһɨȥǰľ͹Ҳɨһ
Ҷȫʼ־޴ı仯ͬħһԭߴһȦȫƤҲ˻ɫĿñǰŻȻ뷢üëȫ˻ɫһ˫гɫâҫ
˾һͷεһ
Ҷ濴Լ壬ɫħѽһɹǿٷɴܣʱʵ֮ǰ屶
ǡħ䡷˵ڶ𣡡Ҷпϲû뵽ʱͻˡ
ǰ޴ɽĹҶһ˻һɫֱԷȥ¡¡һһȭͺǾϡﱻײֱˣ˿ʱǰһ
Ҷһȭȥ֮󣬼ͺ䣬ʱɽһľĲϺˡ
ץסᣬֱӴܹȥ
ҶߣҶ󺰵Ҷ˴ʱоǿսʢһкɨһƬ֮Żһˡ
˷׷׼ٴӿΪڶ˦
ܿ죬Ƿһ֮ǰûгһԴ֮󣬳һ۾һĶһͷ
˺ܿɵǰûгɣֱ˽ȥҲ׷׸ϣһ롣
ҶһȥʱоһתӦʱ򣬷վһ޴ĿռУҲû½أֻһҴԼƶ䣬ƶ֮⣬һεĽ̨ӣҲֳӸڿУͬʱЩ̨ԽԽеΧм䣬ڿռγһ޴ĽɽԶ⣬ͬһɽһ㣬ɽȴƺʲôʮֱĶվһ鸡Ľ̨ϡ
ǳҶ濴Χռƺͬһ޴ĵ¯һıǻΣŷĻƣ޶Уʮֹϡ
ȫڲ̨ӹɵĽɽ˫̰ĹâǵģҿѰٶģ
Ҷ֪ΪѰҳҩģԣеûгҩҪɽûҩƻһ֮ܰȫɱˣҶڲǺܵˣϾħ䡷ͻ˵ڶأʵѾˣҪ䣬Ҳ¡
ĳǴɽķȥһģʱоĿռбһɾ޴㽫Ʒڵأʱһססѵܷɣһ
ѾߵˣܱסҧҧչΣ̨һԾһ̨ӣȻҲҶǣԼһ˾ͳȥ
ҶһһۣҲʼѧŻԾ
ܿ죬һһ㣬˾ʹΧ̨м̨ӣм䣬Ž̨ԽԽ࣬ԾҲʮףܿ죬ŻĽŲ˾͵˽ɽĽ£ɽԼǧףҲʮַѾܷɣֻһһĵɽˣڷϰ˵ʿ˵Щ
ҶΪͻƵˡħ䡷ĵڶ㣬ãٿ¾͵м䣬Ҳ׷׸ŻĲһֱ˽ɽɽϡ
æĳɽм俴ȥǴ˴κľǧ࣬˴ľӢΪľɽмĶǵòľˡ
һ֮£ȴסˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 423ҩ
ҶվڽɽɽʱֻһԲεɫһɫȻ֣ⷨм䣬һīɫƿӣ͸ɫҺ塣
ҩҩð⣬ɫƿӣ߶
Ҷ濴ҩҲЩ֪֣ͻȻ۽һͷƺһ޴ӰһˣҶһͻȻһɲԤĳؽ۾ϵĿΧֹʲôͻȻϮ
ʱǻǳѾЩˣһɫƿӵķȥһһĽӡڵķºۼһֱ쵽ҩĸǰȲĽҩȻ̵Һ壬ʱ۾ð̹⡣
ȻҩȻֱӹ˹˵ĺȥйҩʱ˿忪ʼɫĹâƤ̹⣬һɫĹϢͱܳ
˹ˡϵĺҩȵԽԽ࣬۾ڣжʼһɹɫ壬̶ϵ䣬¶һ϶ѾȫɫһɫĹâҲУƺħһһĹɫҺ壬ֲ
˿ŻоһĸоҶʾ£ȴ
ءһƿڵϣѾȫīɫªðһ̣ӱīɫϢͣĴʹΧϢԽԽŨңһɹɹаĸо
Żʱһ־塣
ѾǻˣҶ濴ǳªͿӣѾûϢ侲˵
ôôŻӣ˼ૡ
˺ںΣգҶ˵ȴҲ֪˿
ȫɫ彻һȻȻЦһŵЦǱһϯ˵Ķ䣬Цںʮֲֿǻӵе
㿴Ӱӣʱ۾ɴˡ
ҶһʱһֻʱӰѾȫˣͬһ޴ĶħһͷǣӰҲǺɫ˳ɫ
ȻѾǻˣղźµĶʲôȻܷôı仯ҶоɣԤһֱ˸ղпǸЦ
ЦһȻĸˡ
˭Ҷʵ
Ҷ棬ǹһ˿΢ЦǵҵĵȻ֪˭ĿȻͻ޴Ѿһˡ
㣬ѳôˣšŭʵ
ǡһЦȻ˵̰ᣬΪгҩʵǣϾͲʲôҩڣҪĸҪϵϵͻƲУ˾ȻΪʲôݾЦΪôƻģ
Ҷ˵ĻͻȻ˵ҲµûĻǽĹɡ
ҶһʱΧ˶ˣû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼ˵ĻҶʵǿ󣬿϶˵
ٺ٣˵飡ǽĹ񣡡ǡҶ棬ЦһɴӦ
һʱд󾪣û뵽ǰ˾Ȼǹ񣬶ռ˻塣
һﾹȻҺ̸Ҿռ壡˿еϣʲôã
ô˵ƭҲƭˣˣûгҩҶʵ
Ȼҩûеģ紫Եô౦ȷʵУǰ·ҲˣңȻûгҩȴܴҩ䳤ҩ˿Ҷ棬ðź̵п˿Ŀ⡣
ҶûнӻȴʵЩʲô㲻ôĵİҩ͸Ұɣ
ͻȻЦȻҶ˵¶ˣҾҪ͸ǣ
˿Źû˵˭Ҳҩ϶ʲô󻰡
ãЩҩ˵û˿ôͲˡ˵ţ˫һչȻǰһӣͬɫҺ塣ҩһµһһҿǴԶǵöǶԲˡǣҰܴҩǸǰǸҺ𣿡
ôһ˵ʱ˶סˡҶҲû뵽˾Ȼô˵
ߺߣ΢̰̰࣬࣬࣬࣬С࣬ǸҺ𣿹ѾĻҪõҩڰǸǰˣȴֲҺȣҾ֪ǲңˣԼҲɵڶƺµʲôһдϲЦ
û˵꣬ҶһһѾͽɫҺֱץͻһ˹ˡľ¹࣬û˿ԥ
ʱͳᰡ۾ֱˣû뵽ҶôɴĺˣͬʱǹҲһ˲𾪣û뵽һôҪ
Ҷ漸ڹ֮󣬽ƿһӣȻֱֱĿŹ񡣡㲻˵û˸ҺҺˣ
˼ŷӦãã֣ϲ
Ҷ֮岢ûı仯ֻǸо񱻴һһɹ˾˻һҶɫʱͨˣҲһɹɻܣжһ
Ҷ棡ʱ󾪣᰺͸ҲһҶ壬о˻һ
㵽׶ʲôʱŭָŹӴȵ⼸һڶԹָˡ
û𣬲ҶʲôԼȥģ˼˼ô꣬ǵһָҵˡЦ˵
ҶһȻΪ޴ʹһš
콫˹Ҳȿ־ǣҩ̺޴ͲһܳܵģܶѾˣֻͦһʱ䣬ԾţˣǲϹһòϣˣû㣬ҩȻǺҩҲ仰˵ҩǻŵģҪյͬʱҲͼ㣡ԣǿ컯ˣʹҶ棬Ƶ˵
Ȼ˲䣬˾ͻһӰӣʧ˿ռС
һĴЦϵĴӿռд
翴壬亹£沿Ϊ̫ʹҶ棬ʱв̡Ҷ棬ͦһͦղ˵ˣҩҩûƭ㣬ȥӦûྡģ
ҶȴشΪ޴ʹѾռеĸйˡ
᰺͸һۣɫѿ֪Ǻá
ô죿ʵ
ͣһ£³һ֡
ȡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 424½
ʱȥˡ
ҶʱѾƣˣɫ԰׵ڵϣȫٻɫĹâ˾һ
ʣ˿Ҷ棬Ҳûа취ʱ䣬Ҷǿżʮʹ࣬ڵûˣ˻ԣһѣ˾ʹٴ񣬿ﶼЩëһ˿ˣΨҶǳ֮˲ܶס
֮Ѿȫûˣ亹ð֮ɣ·ҲѾˮݵķףֳʹǿͲġ
⼸ʱ䣬Ҷ棬ǳΧ˼ȦȴûҵڣΨһĳڣǽǸΪڶǸ͵ֵˣȥҲڵˡ
Ψһİ취ǵҶ˵ϣ
Ҷ棬ӴͻȻ羪Ҷ档Ҷб仯
᰺͸۾Ҷ棬ʱҶȫƺ˱仯岻ϵϵСƤϷɴܣƺСһ۾ֱˡ
⣬ô£Ҷ棬ʱ֪˵ʲôá
Ҫ𣡡絣ĵʵҡҡͷ񣡡
ܿ죬ҶȫСԽԽ࣬δܣЩСóٻ̶ٶԽԽȻ󽥽ˣͬʱҶȫʼһ˿˿ĵɫââϵͣҶһɹ͵ĹâС
ܿ죬ЩâɢҶ潥ָ
ΪҪѹʱͻȻҶһ۵Ĺâ޴ͬӿĺˮһӹΧյһƬͨ졣ĳ˶ˡ
˷׷վԶҵǰȥȴڹâпҶ建ƯһһƮΧߣǿϳ壬ǿ壬ʱҶϱ˶оѡ
⾪˵ĹâɢȥҶ建ڵϣۡ
ҶʱһƬͬʱѹϲãʹ֮Ҷ淢ڵľһͻƵ˰صľ硣ֱͨأǺεȾ޴ı仯Ҫ֪һͻ죬οǴصأͻƵصʱʵҲ֮ǣϱǰı֮ࡣ
˿žҶ棬ʱҶ澹ȻǰǸҶ档ѵǶҩ̶ʱ䣬ҶʹӼ״ֱ̬ͻؾﵽأʵ𾪡
Ҷ棬㣬㵽ˣЩ˼˵
ǵģҶ˵ͷû뵽ǹûƭңҵʵȷʵѾ˰أνͻͽˡ
ϧûкҩû뵽ȻûƭǣЩյ˵
᰿Ҷ棬죬ȴûʲô顣
ҵȥ·ˣҶʵ
ûСΨһȥ·ǽʱЩƵ˵
ǾˣҶ΢΢һЦ˼˵
ʲôˣȥɰʱ󾪡
û裬ڵʵһܴǴȥҶŵ˵˵һܣȳǳڵķɴܹȥͬʱһǿֱӱռֱǿͻơ
һʱһôҲû뵽ҶʵȻѾﵽǿĵزһۣ˵˵ͷҶĲ
Ҷ˴ǿռ䴫ٴε棬ʱռȴտյģʲôûС
ô£ԭȳһôˣſյĿռ䣬ʱЩ档
ƲأҶ˵һܡߣ
˳ķٷɴܣܿʹܳʮͻȻǵǰڿимǾҲڣڵģȺʱˡ˿ɫһ䡣
ΨҶһ˿ȻûнЩϣһȻȫȻħڣȫѸٱ仯һ㣬ٳڶɴܶȥгɫħͬ޴ĻһһɹӿγһһˡʱҲ׷չΣҶɴܹ˲Ҷڶʹһ
˿Ҷֱӳȥʱɫһ䣬ȴҶڶзɴܣͬһɫһһȵײϷɴܣһĳȥȴҶǿĹֱӱˣһɣһɴҶ治ϵһзɴܣ˻һ⡣
ءһžһϳ汬
ߣҶ濴Ŀˣʱһ
˱ҶһʱҵҶ漱ٷɴܣһ˳һĴзɴܣżֱˣܿ죬˴һӿгΧ
Ҷʩչħ䡷֮ǿĹѾȫԽˣȻ۷ʱ̻Ҫǿҡ˳嵽˽ĵطһ޴תתǽ֮ʱĿռڡ
ߣҶһȻǰһﵲסóᰡߣԼϺ
ʱЩ￴ҶܣʱһϱŭĳҶܹҶŭ˻һǿǣȻһȻܳ޴ǻɽ緢һ˫ŷӿâٳſռӿһıһıӿȴһǿĳĲϷˡ
ǾҶһ䣬Ȼȫħ費ȻǾȥȫ޴һƾʹھϣ޴ءһ죬ֱӱҷˡҲ׷׺ˡ
ҶץסᣬȻʹ˳
ʱѾ棬Ҷʱ߳
Ҷ棬̫ˣû£糤һϲ˵
Ҷ˵ͷЦȻǺǣ
̶̼գʵѾԽˣҶ棬̾᰿ҶҲЩ̾ԭٺҶһû뵽ҶĲԽԽˡ
Ϣһӣһȥ黹ԭ·رȽϺã˱һ·ս·ߡ
һ·ϲûʲôΣգżҲʵƽ֣ȫûʲôв˻ʱ͵ǽĵط˵صĴڣ̴˳ȥ
ȥ֮͵˺ף˶뿪طһ·ͣĳŻǸϻȥ
·ϻһ޹ҶڵʵѾȣ˼¾ͽ޽ˣһ·ٷУԶԶڿǵĴɽʱ򣬶ʱз
ڻˣǾǺðΰĻǶھ޴ɽڣʱһ


ʮһ ۷֮· 425
ص֮ٱȣҲԼ֪ҶĶ֣㲻ٲ
ȥ˻䣬ΪǰҲû飬ø˳֮λΪǵγ
֪ҶʵҶǵһǴҶסڻĳסͬʱڻܾвϵȴźǸֵĶԾ
һ죬Ҷϣ͸͸ͻȻͳڴĶˣԶϦ
죬ͻȻҶ棬˫˫
Ҷ棬˰Ц˵Ҷ΢΢һЦ˵ͷǰôڷϣǲǡ
һ˿ΣҺ죬ȥˣֻ죬˶࣬ڷϡ
ǺǡðɣҶҲƣǺһЦ
ˣҶ棬ҪǵĴɣͰ֧㣡Ц
Ҷ˵ͷǵģ֪ܴܲĹ
İɣʵϵû⣡˵ţϴЦԴǴγһ֮ͶҶҲвٺøУֻҶնһ˵Ѿӣû취
Ժʲô㣬һֱڻǰɣҶʵ
΢΢һ˼ȻЩ̾Ϣ˵ҴһߣȵΪ˽չˣٻصҳҵţﵱһϡҾҲͦá
Ҷ濴˿ᰣ᰸ɿû˵Ҷ΢΢һЦţ뷨֧֣ˣҶ
Ǻǣǰ˵ͷҪߣҲῴıߣ
ãǾͶлˣ

ˣҶתתȻٴλصܾС
һܺ󣬻ǺǵıǿʼˣһӣǾٰԴҶҲû飬һǵʿƺƵĳǽҲΪЩǵʿ׼ŵĵط
ҶŴʿһǣԶԶĿһİУһ޴ĸڿУһɫĹֽһɫɫĽܲϣҫ£ɢҫ۵Ĺâһ
Ҷ滹ǵһοĽʱо治ѣû뵽ǣܹһ֮ϡ
ɵԽԽ⵺Ͻʮ־ˣһõĺܳ죬ڶʿ룬֮Ҷ淢Ҳʮָɾ࣬û˿Ҳ˸оʮǵʿǵڶʿҲ׷׳֡
ǵʿһƬ޴סլҶΪǱѡ֣ԱһⷿҲǾİģʮŨ֤ҶٶȻָ״̬
Ҷ죬״̬á
ڼǵĳҲҶ棬ǳһλ΢ֵʿʵҲھڣ߼䲽̬ʮӯһٶϵĸ֣Ҷ溮Ѽ䣬ҶΪһűɫҹҶ淿˵ҹԵãʱһμҶĺ
ҶҲûƴǣڷȻҹҹɢ΢΢ı̹⣬һµϢܳҶˬҲ˺ܶࡣ
һϣҶķ߳ʱǳѾ棬֪Ҷʵ˶Ҷġ
Ҷ棬úøɣȻǣʵ϶ȡʤҴˡĶҲǵʿһʿʵǿɱ飬սԹΪءֻҪٶռƣȡʤʵǳ΢΢һЦҶ˵
Ҷ󣬲ûϣڵʵȷʵǣûмܴùԲ˭ǵ˵ͷлĺ⡣
ڻڶʿĴӵ£ҶǵĹ㳡㳡Ĺ㳡ʱѾһ׷Բ̨úɫĵ̸̯ţΧѾɽ˺Ҷ汻ӵ߽˳жʱ
Ҷһ̨ΧգɫƶƯţԶ·ĵ棬һΧҶ۶ԶһƬʿһ˫˫۾ĴҶ档
ֵܣ˵ҶӮǵĴĻӮһʿЩԱߵʿƺҪһ
ҿ״ҶҪˣûû𣿡ص˵Ĳ˵ĵʵͬСɣһʿܱȣҼһΣһΣˡʵߵ㿴һȫܲһ£һѹ񿴵һ𾪡
ǰɣܸ߳ʿƺЩš
ϻƭʲôһ֪ˣҶȻʵҲϾ˺֮ܶ࣬սƾоԵãʿʵߵͣϾȫ¶ˡʿܶе˵
ðɣǿɣʵǿǿһͿˣһʿҶ˵
ҶмһҲżʵǿ֮˵ľͺ˺ܶ࣬ǰľܲʵʲô̫ںˡ
һҶͻȻΧʿ׷ƺʲôˣ֮Ϳϲ·׷·֮ҶоһɰϢǸǲһ˿Ц⡣
ϢжϣʱʵѾһʿܱȣ϶ҲǴһöܳʱûˣҶ淴Щڴ
ܿ죬Ҷ濴˳Զֿһʿĳǰĸߴ޳һͷɫжȽ̨ϣҶֱֱͦҶ档
һɫۣ͸һɱ⣬Ҷ޵ϢǾ޴վǰһһʿɱȣӦǳһɱͻ˵ԹΪصķʽʮǺϣܸоǿٶȷȻҲ
˵ʵһ֡ǰҶ»Щ鷳ڶ˵νˣҲ˵ħ䡷Ѿ˵ڶ㣬ֻ˵ڰصʵѾΪˡ
˿Ҷ棬ŷҶ棿
Ҷ˵ͷԡ
˵ϻʳǴħʿǲǣһɱȴż
Ҷ˵ͷԣ
ٺ٣ʵӦúܲˣҪɱħʿͺʱ򣬾ɱħʿȡֵģĿҶ棬ƺЩҶҲν˵ͷţ
ĺٺһЦһ㣬㹻㣡
Ҷ濴˾ʵ΢΢һЦðһ֪ˡ
֪϶ʲôҪȻزܵڵʵôһʱֱʩչľɡ˷ʱˣ˵ǲǣĿڱտڳ˿ζҶЩˬȴû˵ʲô
ãҶЦһ£ȻĮ
ۿʿҲ׷˽Ʒͷ㣬̨ŵĻǺǸ߲ʿ̨ϵҶģ΢ЦЦ죬һȻҶ棬һıĹâ
Ҷ氡Ҷ棬㲻ԣҸգ΢ֵϴһ˿˿Ц
Ųʿһ졣
Ҷĵıʽʼˡ
Ҷ渺ֶû˿ֵһ˿ǹһ˿Цһδ䣬˾ͻһ˲Ҷǰ̶ֱӳ֣һǿٷӿͬһĶһ
ҶڶԷҪܵǰʱ򣬲Ȼ֣ƣȻһһǿ˲ܳ޴ҫ۵ɫâһ˲ͺײһ
ءһ죬ı޴ըˣʱŭȻһҶ̽һһɹǿ˲Χء˳εĽ־˲ﵽ˰Ȼĳ̶ȣǰȻռ䣬һɹǿͬӿĴˮһһɳ壬ս˶ֻܿҫ۵Ĺը졣
Ҷ浥һӣؽȻ֣Ȼؽһǿ޼˲串ΧҶʵĴǣʩչ޼Ҳľѣһǿĵطɴܣ޴ǿ˲佫ռ
ءһ޼ȻһȻ󼫿Ľռ伷ռȥ˫һչȻһȣʱȫܳʵĹâʰ쵵ɫȫͬʱϼۣһУ˫ٴһ̶зӿҶʩչ޼˲ײһ𣬾޴ͬХһӿ
Ҷ˫׵ҫ廯һأӥ˲ͻƶķɴܶȥʱĸʩչһУû뵽Ҷٶô죬⧲֮£ҶһƴɣɴܣһȻҧתȫ£ءһڿҪɳԵʱǿҽ̨ĵϡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 426¼ս
Ҷһнֱҽ̨ʱΧ˴󾪣û뵽Ҷ澹ȻǿԶһƬѻȸ
һȣ˲ӵܳڿлһߣֱҶǰʱȫǱȻɱŨҶǿɱһ
Ҷ濴˿η壬ƽˮĿġ
ȣһŭʱɫ˫һģȻĬһ̶ܷȫȻܳһɫâĹâȫһΣյϢ͸©һǿϢУҶ濴һ˫ͨͫס
ģȫǵĳɫϢǻһȫצһɹǿȻɴܣͬӿĲһԶ̨ȫռҶҲ˲ÿռгһɲϢ
𣡣һȣ˲䣬ȫĳɫϢǣ޴ĳһɹǿĹŲ̳Ȼŵ޴ĳɫͬͷһҶ񹥹
Ǿɫٶ죬˲ͳ嵽ҶĸǰҶȻһȻȫת׼ʩչ޼ͻȻҪʩչ޼ʱ򣬸оﴦƺһʲôһԭͨľʱͶѣʯͷҪͨʮѣ޼Ȼһûʩչ
ʱҶ󾪣ûʲô飬ʱ򣬾ŵɫ˲佫ͬʱҶ͸оǾŵشһ㣬ȫÿһΣ޴ܣȫһŵɫʵʮ־ˣҵҶ԰ס
ۡһ³һѪͬʱĵĿشһһҶ汾ͼӲˡ
ҶȵղΪʲôûʩչȫˣûзξȻ䵽֣֮ʱŷ֣˵ΨһĲͬǾǱɫҹˡ
ԣһҹĹҶȻϬĳ̨ϿȥǵĳʱҲǹһĨЦ⡣Ҷȫһ䣬ڿȷȻǴ˸Ĺ
һȣȻ˫ƿȫȫɫ汩ǣȻǾŵɫϳһһ³ҶźҶ汻ҵغڵϣһӡ
ʱһ㶣û뵽ô˱仯
ð
ģģΪ⣡
ʿ
ԣɵúã

һͺȲϵĴĶʱһ˿ţͬһһĳҶ߹ȥ
ʱΧĻʿ׷һ亹û뵽Ҷ澹Ȼܱǻ֪Ҷʵܳ飬Ҷʵǿ򲻹ǵ˰֮ʵǿ죬һλ֡
ξȻ϶ʲôè尡֪Ҷʲô⣬ֻҶγֱʣ֪ܲܶǶҪ﷭Ҳʮֽš
һߵҶǰЦһȻȻƣֱϳɫĹâ磬ڿܣһǿһųҵĻ棬ҫķ
㹥ʱȻ汬̶һǿȻҶ˻һâȻܳءһĵĹֱ˴
ҶЩվڵϣģбŭû뵽Ȼ
ߺߣ㵱ΪҾʵҶЦһǱҵģ
Ҷʱһ𣬡
˲䣬ȫһȻΧռ佥ƤһɳɫħҲҲȻߴ˫۱һɳɫĹâ˵Ȼһ䣬һаĿֲϢ鲼ȫͷϳֻǸһǿĶħһ
˲仯ϱ֮ǰֲվڳûκζȴͬһɽһΧ˶Ϣ񣬻˵ڡ˶огĿ񱩺ͽаϢͬһ˳ĿɿڴĿҶ棬ҶʩչʲôǿȻܱơ
ǳһ㶣û뵽Ҷ澹Ȼһ֣ܱǿƺƽʿĹ֪Ǳ̺ҹǿ󣬿Զһ˵оĹʩչҶ澹ȻʩչԪĹȻֻһͣǾħħħΪĹǣ˱̺ҹ𲻵á
û뵽Сħʿǳʱһ䡣
Ҷ˲ħ䡷ĵڶ㣬ʵȻܣǿͬ籩һӿ޴ķҵӿ˴ޱǿɱ¾Ϣ˲ʹܵĸǰѾҶǿֱˣȫûôǿоħǰħʿûǿħʿҶһ֣ħҲǴħͷĵȼ
ҶȻһƣһǿֱĻĵϣĶʱоһǿȻ̩ͬɽѹһһ㣬ȫûзأһᣬڿзȥ
ءһֱ̨ҳһӣһҶ弱һܣ˲ܵҳĴǰȻһ˫ϳɫħǷĺһӿһɹǿԴ粻ϵķɴܣҶȻ֣һǿȻءһһ졣ҶһܣܵУȻ˫ķɴܣǿһδγ棬һ󱬳޴ը죬̨ϻζ
Զ˶̨ȫסˣû뵽ҶĹǿҶҲֵͣĲϹͬһɫԽ
Ȼһվȵû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼħʿ˵ؾ˵žʾ̨ϵһڸȥסҶ棬һʱЦ֪϶ǿıĿˣзߺ޲Ҫ
˵ʲôֻ۾ҶħʿˣЦ˵ſ˿мʿǶļ٣ܱȲձȣҶӮˣҪʿϱࡣ
ߺߣѵûҶʩչľħ˶ħˣƺҪ̣ʱ˵
ҿⲻħֻƵħѣѵ֪ĹѾ˻ɫشһħӰҲӰӣ߲Ҳ˵ˣֹʿħʿôһҧҶħʿ֪߳ŭʱ˵ĵط˵Ƕڻ򣬳вħ֮䣬һɫûʲôɰɣҪӮʲôǴҪģǵĴʿʵУͲҪҶɫ
㣡Ϊħ̻ʹʱŭмʿ˵Фˣ˵ʲôѵҪʿħʿۣͬ
Фʿһֱ˵Ļɿһ֪ʿһײʮ磬Ϊ˻ȥдʿϰħѾҶħҲơҿ˵ĶԣҶӦϰĳֻɫȫ˵ħ˵ϻʳǴսħʿħͷѪӥˣɴһͿԶ϶ʿͲҪ˵ˣ
һ߶ô˵ˣ˵ʲôһȥ
û߳ԶͻȻ̨Ͼͱ޴Ŀӣ̨ͬʯͷ
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ʮһ ۷֮· 427
Ҷһվ̨ϣΧһƬֵĵ۾ʿƻ
ܿ죬㻯ˡ
ʱѾĻԵģʿŷӦæ󺰣Ҷʤ
ȫѻȸ֮󣬲лǵʿһ󻶺ǵʿͬ˲Ӭһ
Ҷ棬糯Ҷ󺰣ҶһԱߵĳҲڣ¶һ΢ЩӲЦҶҲ΢΢һЦЦ̨
ৡһһϹ⣬Фʿ˲ͳҶǰ΢ЦĿҶ棬ţʵǿҪ֡Ҷˣ΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
һȥǣμӶú׼ϣΪ⣡Фʿ΢΢һЦ˵
ţҶ˵ͷ
֮ǵʿΧһϲҶ档

ڶ硣
ǵʿ׷׻ػǣҶʱ֣Ҷ潫ͳ͵ǵһڸǰ
羰ʮ鸡һС뵺ڿУԶȥһԴԸƲڿиһֻֻڿչ᰿裬ռв˺гңԶһɫ̫ƴΨĹâ޴ϵ͸Զɫ泩
ʱ᰺վҶĶ档
Ҷ棬ˣҪذЩĿҶ棬ϾһѾ˲ǳУ룬ҲЩᡣ
Ҷ濴Ǿķ⣬ȻͳᰣЦαô˸У߾߰ѣǻ᲻ϵˣϵʧȥˣûвɢϯԣĵ߰ɣ
ͳ᰿ҶһʱҲܵȾЦãˣҪذԺлᣬһټģ
Ҷ˵ͷţ϶лǻҪټ棡
˵ţת磬ķȥ
Ҷ濴˵ıӰ΢΢̾˿תȥˡ

˵磬ҶһǳǳǳФʿ
ǳһ䵭ԴҶģҶʮޡ෴Ҷδʤ˵Ϊ˹⣬ԶҶ顣
Ҷ֮ФʿͶλ˵ҪҶȥμӶıӮô˵ҲǵĹ٣α˵Į
һ΢΢һЦҾҶ츳ˣţĽο˵䵭ǺǣҶѣϲϲ
Ҷ濴ȱ컹죬΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
ˡʹˣôסôһӣлǵĿˣФʿ˹֣ͻ˶Ʋҡ
һʱ䣬ħʿʮֲǵķȫ̶λˣһҪЯֹ֣ħʿϮ⣬ҴõϢʿȦĴ㣬ʱǿܻǣ⣬Ƕλ㡣Фʿߵʱȴ˵
һʱ󾪡
ʲôѵħʿѾ˷ĳˣȻ֪ħû뵽ôأصȦҪ
ǵģϢ鷳ܴ˵ΧܵħʿĹܶ඼¾ǶʿΧһħ׵壬϶ȶôҲõ㣬Ϣԭ治˵Ҳйϵұ͸סϣλˣФʿ˵ţ˵ͷȻҪǡ
ͻʱ
ʣǶô죬ˣЩĵʵ
ФʿתͷȻ˵Ȼôˣ߲ʿѾ˾ȵαϣʿҪǨϴŸפ仰˵ⶫԺͳսˣһǵһΪս򣬺ܲð죡
ʲôҪΪս˶ʱס֪ⶫΪսζʲôΪսƶĲ򶼱סˣ˫սʱʲôõĳһһʿܵ͵ġ
ǰλ㣬ҿûǵʿ˿ܼʿͶŻߴ壬ܻȥߣп϶ɱͿ̿ݲФʿЩĵ˵
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ģФʿҶĸ߶ԽԽߣǺܿͳССһ㣬ҲʼֳΣ֮һһģҶФʿ˷ɳǣŶȥ
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ŶҶ˵ͷФʿߣȥɽͣԶĽͬһĽȺǳأп˶η͸̾վڸ߳һ֪ʮǻĳǳء
ФʿҶһ·Ͽ޴νǴ󣬴˷ۼʿͨڶĳ뷨̾뷨ԾȵȴͣϢзʰ쵵ĹâϣǷɹһ㡣
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һʼҶ漫ľͽ״̬ԼľٵļвϵתȻԡɥҾڵĿھѹҪԽԽֻоһزʱ򣬲ʩչ
һ׶ΣҶ滨ʱŽ۵һҪϣﵽʩչɥҾȾ֮ǿžϵתľһһƶƶȻ󻺻ĻһŻɫϢת
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ƶҶ潫ʱ䣬һʱǿﵽ˿ʩչɥҾĵزֻҪڽɥҾתѧᣬȻһһܳɹʩչɥҾˡ
ҶѾûмˣΪһҪʼμӱȴˣڱļ϶мɥҾˡ
ʰʰ߳ʯڣʱԭͷܶĽֵѾûжʿˡ󲿷ʿȥۿˡ
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Ҷȫ˲ܵ˫ϣȻһһ绯˹˫һȻȻһһɫѪܾ͵ǰءһ죬ཻѪ΢΢һȻûйˡ
Ҷһ㶣ûⶫôתģȻǿȻջѪܣȻٴλһǿ⣬嵽Ҷǰ̶һɹе෢ֱӻһشҶһһҹʱҶ澹ȻǿɴܵʱҶ澹ȻѹƵûл֮
Ҷбŭ˺üΣ෢Ĺһǿĺˣһһûͣµ˼Ҷһʧʧкǲˬȴ޿κΣֻܼܡ
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ȫǻ׶쳣ҡҶ滺Ĵ˶̨߳ȥų̂ʱһӰһ̨Ȼۣһһѣ欵ӣһ˳ᰡʵף̨ȻʲôûɣһɹѹɢݳȻʵʮ־ˡ
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ǻֱֱĿҶ棬û˿Ķݣ۾ƺ˸ʲôǹһĨ΢Ц
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ݡȻһһ˲͵Ĵܳ˹ĻǷɴܣû뵽Ҷ澹ȻܿĹʱ˫һģ𡱵һʨ˲ܳҶȻȥ
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˶۾̨ϣЩܿ˵ӰЩʲô᳡һƬȻƺû뵽ٶܴﵽô졣
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ʮһ ۷֮· 431´ٽ
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һȫѸٱ仯ȻߴһȦȫƤ˺ɫźɫĻ裬һӿڿռطӿ̶̵˲֮󣬻Ǿͳ׳һˡ
ҶüһԷɫ֮Ѹٵı仯Ϣʵõǿһֱ仯֮ȫڿŻϵĺɫ棬ʱоһ޴ĳ׷׶ĿŻǣΪ֪෨ѣϡУѶҲġ
ٺ٣Сӣɣ˵ŻȼźɫȻһһڹ˹ٶޱȣҶȻһûԶȻоһѹͬһ˲ȫһؼһˣҶȫ벻ֱ仯ٶȱȻһ
ৡһȻϣ̶ǿһžһҶֱҷɳȥءһȻײڵϣ޴õʱѿһӡ
ȫڶһΪǾ֮ʵʵ̫ǿˣֻһоͽҶҶΣˡ
Ƭ֮󣬵΢΢һҶ滺Щ࣬˲ᡣ
ٺ٣㻹ͦӲģôһȭû㣡ȼźɫŤ˵һ˿
ٺ١ҶȻһЦ
һ㶡
ˣҶЦ
ʲôΪԼ⣬Ҷ澹Ȼô˵
˵Ҷһ˲εض𣬳Żǳڿмٴܷɵʱ˲תˡħ䡷ħȻڣ䡱һɫϢٱǣҶҲ˾޴ı仯ȫߣƤԽԽӲһ˺ļף˫гɫĹâԽͬʱͷֻҲ󣬼һһУͬʱһ绹ӼܳƤ治ӣɫͬһ㣬һӿ
ڳ嵽ǸǰʱҶѾȫħڻǶʱһû뵽ҶҲ仯ִ֮֮£ҶһȭҲֱۣȼڻֱȻҶ¡¡һ죬˲ײһ
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ءһֱӱ񵹷ɣ˲̨ϷɳȥȻһӺ˿̨ϣ̨ϵڶʿʱɴܶܣȻһը죬ֱӾ˵ϣ̳
ȫ𾪵ĿҶ棬Ҷһվ̨ϣۿΧڡ
ðҶ̫ˣһʿͻȻ󺰵
˿Ѿȫ˵Ҷ棬һɹɫϢӴϬƣ޲Ҷʵ޲ʾǿ
Ҷ濴˵Ļȴû˿ŻҳĴ󶴣ת
ߵʱ򣬵ǻʿҶٱ仯ڵħ٣ҲָĻȴһֱûм١
ҶΨһ˵ľǣʩչħ䡷ʱȴû˷ֳħȻħ䡷棬ԭħܶ࣬ʵȴĸࡣղһȭͽǵĴɳȥҶԡħ䡷ġ

ϷһСаǣڰǣһƽӡ
ϣʿѲ߷УǴӰǰͽӵħܴٽϢ˼ǿ䱸޶Ψһ֪ģмħʿħ͵ɱ˲١
ӻǺȵģ̫ڶʿۿ£Ųڳ¥ɹ̫Ҫ֪ΪλأΪһֻʮ̫ܿʱ򣬶ããҹˣÿ̫ܿʱǶϧ
ǶΧҲǷԲٸ˿ܼģַʩʮܣǶûоʲôףɹ̫Ҳԡ¡
ݡһһӸ߿Ȼ֣ͬһһͬǣȴڰ춼ܿ
ʲôһʿЩ˵
ʿеǵ׹⣬Щ棬Ҳ֪ʲô
ǶоʱͻȻһݡĶ̴ٵļ죬ڶ׹˲֣ҿǳǷܹ֮󣬽ӶһâϵĳڱɫУͬһһ
죬챨һʿʱòԣ̶һʿ˵
ʿ˵ͷһͳȥ
ʿעϵĶܿ죬ЩɫġǡͳǷɴܣɽһʱһȻʿֻȫһ׹⣬ʿ˲֣ȻǷ
ħʿϮ쿪еķ󣡡һʿͷĿʱ󺰣ܿ죬һʵĹâ˲佫޴ϴӿǶʵʵİ
ءһը죬һʿŰ׹ֱ˵ϣ޴̶ӶʿϴӿڵأһǶ˾޴Σ֮С
һʿ֮ģԳһӴƺһ޴ۣʵ̫ھȻڵϣֻƯڸ߿Уҫһ
Щڵϵη׷׳һʵǿ󣬾ħеĸ֡жٶȼΪݣ̶һʱ䣬ͽȫΧ
ͬʱһɫۻķٰϿգۻͶɣħѾ٣ͶǾͽǳغƽ
⺰ΣǳԮ֮󣬾ϾǰҲܹħʿİΧǿĻǴǼǴ󾭹μǿһʱǹģħʿŻȻŪͦ󣬵ûҪͦһӣֻҪܼ죬Ԯ͵ˡ
һΣѪпħ߼ݵͶֱӴݻ٣Ķʱڿд
ô죬˵Ѫпħˣʱлˡ
ƳһۣʲôħʿϮĸǴѪпħţ
ŶҲǣˣĺܴ󰡣Щԥ
䣬꣬Ƕʱҡһ˷׷׳ȥȻУֻһ׳ĳɫâǿһŰƣ޴ĳûǿƾѾøˡ
⡭⡭ʱɫŵĲҰףȻ֪ʲô
ǳգŵɫҰף󺰵𣬱ͶͶ
Ѿˡءһ죬ʱɣ׳ĳɫźͰǵķײһ𣬱ǻԵġ
һͬХһܶǿյ¶УǾܹϮĴ˲䱻ݻ٣ı¶档
ɱҰһһħʿ˲
ɱ
ҰʱһɱȻӰӱ㳯ŰǷɴܹʿһûˡ
һʱ֮󣬰ʮˣʮʿֻ˸Ůͯȫɱˡ
ʱ⣬޴ĳɫϣѪпħţȻйâһĶΧʿ˵ˣ·Գˣ


ʮһ ۷֮· 432º

һƬλСӵ򣬱ʲôر𣬷мҪҵºѣΪǿģ֪Ҳ֪
ǧǰͱǰǿУλ벽񼶸ֺϲ˼ĴԸʹúϢȫޣӵǿķ֮󣬺ʿ߲۵ģҲʿʿ߲㼯ģϢֻоϵĸֲ֪
򱻻ΪʿĴӪ߲֮ʿǰÿһϸо͸죬ҽλƶˣʹÿͷž޴Χü˹ԷۣΪĿ޽С
ں򱻻Ӫ֮ʿܶҪĶҪԴ棬ʤĸ߼ʯмʯģΪľĳһʿΧʵڳŲסʱͽ뺣Դսһ޴ЧıݣֿܵˣǶԷʵȳԽʿ
ǱΪʿá
Դӱ֮ǧֻùһΣǧǰѪпħħʱùʱʿĽڽڰˣ֧ս󲻵òú򣬽ħʿ棬úһֱ֮ãֱ٣Ѫпħӡħɢ·˺ҲǴսʿ֪˺֮Ժ˴裬Ҽӹ˺ܶණʹúķ͸ǿ
ʱһʿӷɵ˺ǰʱĺûûΪ˷ֹŵĴ߼ʯй©ֱӷ棬⼸ǧķ棬ʹúŨȿʿ֮ڡ
һʿʵǿÿһȻڰ벽񼶱𣬴Լʮô벽ͬʱʵһۣͨʿӦӦЩǿʿϢ䣬ܱͲһʿע⣬һУΧͨʿҲ֪ǹȥˡ
һʿĵﺣ֮ͷİ׷ԲԵߣҲʿʵߵģͬʱѪпħͬʦ֡𣬽һͼֽ򿪣һ֮̽ͼֽϣȻתʮ벽񼶱ĸ˵ЩʲôЩ˷׷ķ룬ʧ
ʱ󣬡λﵽָصûУ΢΢۾ͨ벽еһ淢ϢϢĽֻа벽֪֮ܿյ˻ظ׷׻شѾָĵص㡣
ãھʽʼǰһƬڰĿռ䣬ܷɢİ벽˵
˵ţһȻʼĬھڽһʲôصʽһ̶пʼҫһŰ׹⣬һɹǿϢʼϼٴܶһӿӴۻϢ˲ͨʿѹҶ濴϶ᱻɵһʿӵôǿ
̶еĹԽԽͬһöǿ̫һҫΧķΧڻϵԽԽԶѾˣֻܿǿͬӿĺһ㼫ٷɴܣ޴ڿռӿҵİɫâһϵ
ͬʱüطҲʼ˰ɫĹâЩͶһСֻ֪Ϊԭ֮ľڹ
ءһ죬ռ䶼һȻһǿİɫâӷбһĴȥһϸڲçӴУҲһϸһ
ڷʩչͬʱʿҲʼʩչʮ߰˵â˲䳯ӿʱ㵽λãʮ߰˵ǿİ׹Ȼۣײһ֮󱬿޴İɫţȻЩɫâϵļٻۣϵܶԽԽڵһٽ㣬γһ̫Ĺţڿۣ֮ʮ߰˵۳ɵ̫ȻһϷ޴ţһȪȻ̫һĹſʼۣͣ޴Ĺâٷӿ
ڣ̫һĹȻһռȻһڣ䡱һ죬޴չһٵĳܣȻͨһΧĿռ⺣һĵɫâչ֮һſǺ˹һ̿һҫâ˷ǰǵģǺ
˻ڿ̿ܿ͸һڹ﷽Բľ޴ռ䣬ռǵչֳǵŬ±ˡ
𿴵򱻿ûмŽȥټɢΧİ벽ʿʮʿܿ
һ˵ˣʱһ֡
зһ׹⣬͵İ׹嵽ǰ棬Ȼһϵĳӿ˲䷢ˮһһԵϻĲչƿһ󶴣㹻һ˽ȥ˱һߡ
뺣֮󣬶ʱһµġ΢ʱϢϢ˹ϢдŨص̹
Ǻǣ⺣ķãûб򿪵ĺۼһʿ˵
ţǵģǰѡ棬Ҳ˺ܴıһʿЦŵ˵ͷ
Ҽǵҵһν뺣ʱʱֻһصʿʦһģǧȥѾҲİ벽ˣʱⲻˣһʿЩ̾ĿΧϤһſɫһſһĿ
Ⱥ벽񼶱־ӲԼҵıһΧռеڶ
ΣǿҪĵһ¾ǺȲǰĶǲ׼ȷһ嵥Ƿ˲顣ˣԸҲ׷׵ͷ
˵λãʮŰʮģٶʮһһ򣬲дҩϡϸĽȻһʿȥ飬֮мŴʯͼŷſҲһһ飬ȷսʱгԴʿںȫյԴаٷ֮ʮССĺʮֿһ󱦿⡣
һ·ǰһ·飬ȷһʧҺãûʲô⣬ֻЩҩΪȻԭ󲿷ֶǺ׼ġ
һ·˺ĵشǺĺģҲǺǿĵطΧƣǾͻὫȻ翹սһ˿ɵһ벽񼶸ǹƵġ֮⣬дڡ
˼Ӳ棬;޴ķޣطɴܣγɵĴȻԵģںʮǿһ˿Ҳž޴ĳԱɱ˵ˣ˵ħһ˽ɱʱҲֻʣһǧˡЩ̵ķ˶ʱдɣѪпħǰھδˡôǿĴκζΪ塣


ʮһ ۷֮· 433¶Ѫ
ʿˣΧ֮󣬱㿪ʼ𲽿һЩرյĴ
˽ĵһϣһˮɫҲ־ͽǡ˵򣬳Ũ̶Ⱦʮ౶⣬ϻŴԴԹսʹá
ʿһɵǣͬһˮɫ͸һһͻƴ㣬ʱоһµġҷʱ䳾Ŀ˹һ
һ򣬾һĴŮһ㡣
˽֮һϴʹ֮㱻ϸķ棬ǧ˸ڴţʹúϵǷḻ޷ݣɣƯҲ⺣ϣʱܿһǿڴԭҰϴܳķС
ʿɹʱ򣬾ѾԼڵϢˣȻúܶ޸оʱ÷׷ɢ
һ·Уʱ֮󣬲ڿһɽһɫɽɽͨǰɫģͬһɽУĿٽȫһš
ܿ죬˾ͿеĽ£лһ޴Ĵɽۡ
̫ɽɽеĽ̫ҵǴɽ˵ΪлһЩûеˣ˿ŵʱһ۾ֱˡ
Ϊ̫ɽ̫ҵʿм׹һ˵е̫ɽ̫ҵʿҪﵽʥأû뵽ͳǰ̫ɽĴ˵ܹ㣬˶֪̫ɽʵںܶǿǧǰսУ󶼴Ӳƾźǿ˱˵ġǿУǿľ̫ɽеһս
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˷̫ɽ̫ҵȥ֮о沼־ɣڶཨ϶ܿĲ֣ܶĲַʽһתҲ˵̫ҵĽʵͨģǻŵģڼһɹ磬ͬ˵ѪҺһо̾վ̫ҵǰ˶ܸоɽĲɽ
һصĴɽ
ˣԺֱѪпħɱǻһֱָħ֮սǶ׼𣡡̫ҵϿգ˵
˷׷׵ͷԸΪ

ʱҶѾվ˶̨ϡ
Ķ쳣ǿĵһǿѪʵѾ˾ڡ˵һЩԶϹ
Ҷվ̨ϣһɫۣȫʿ˾ͨԹϰ˿˵֮ͬսⳡս֮ǰ˶Ҷ涼̫ãҶҪ군ˣΪܶ˶ҶıҲѪսԱ֮Ҷʤ㲻ȫǶѪģҶ棬ǾܳŵĹʱѾǺܳˡ
ڼѹöעѹѪϣһʮıҲ˵һѹҶӮˡܵõʮ౶Ǯɼ˵򣬵ȻһۼģҶƳȣʵߵʤ·ߣ˸ðŷսעѹҶϣҶӮ׬ˡ
Ҷ濴Ŷʿȴû˿ѹȻ˵ԼǿģŻеģʱžǳţžءֱֻҪȥ˱ذܡ
һɫ۵ѪĿҶ棬ȴһذסѪɫذףѪɫĹâͬħ۾һһ
һʼŲʿһ󺰣ʽʼˡ
϶һ״̬ɽХһĻûϾʿǿĸ˵ıǼˡ
ȴĶţȫûжֵһ˿
ٺ٣ѪЦһȻòһϹ˵ãҪŶ׼ӭұһĹɡ
Ҷ˵ͷã
ٺ٣һЦৡһ˻һ⣬˲ͳҶܹٶȼΪ죬ͬԳһԾǰڿйĻüߣȻ˲嵽ҶǰͬʱȫһɫĹâ˫ϵĹâʮҫۣһɫ·һ
Ѫ˲ʹܵҶĸǰͬʱдذףһ¾Ȼ˹ֱҶҪҶ治òϴٶȿ죬˶һǿųʱҶҲŸոն֣һ㿪ѪĹûٴοֵʱѪͻȻһذ׾Ȼ֪ô»ڳҪ˹Ҷʱһû뵽ֵذõ˾ˣղѾٶ㿪ˣһգۣԷǵǰٶȾһܶԿˣһ󾪡
˲ٴһ㿪⹥û뵽Ҷٴζ㿪ʱһתۣȴȻذǰĵط̶һٴμٶڶУ˻һǣɴܣ˫һɹҲϵı׾̤ʩչ˼µ״̬ͬһɴܲ
ϵķɴ֮ʱѪȴȻǰйذͬǿĶһһֱǻǰλãֻҪҶһͣпܱذֱͱһҶôҲ벻ͨ׷ʲô˵ٶȾȻô죬һֱеģôҲ˦еذףʵ𾪲ѡ
ǣڳĹڿȴʮ־ʵһĻҶ廯һɴܣǿӿʱѪȴڹһڿвϵԾ˵ҲȫԣΪʵʵ̫ǿˣڿзɴܵʱ˶ôģȴһֱҶ棬Ҷô˦Ҳ˦ҲΪߵˣܸоҶڵѹ
ϤѪȴЩû뵽Ѫһʹ֮һơһеľöԷô㶼㲻ذ׵Ĺذ̿е㣬ϵĹֵҪöӦӲϾֻܲˣһʧذ׾ܴ̽Էذϴž綾ֻҪƶ֣Է϶ҪԴԺûйˡ
һѪ񾭳ʱãΪʱԷʵ㶼㲻һѾ¯࣬ʧҲΪһ㣬ܾɱ֣վڶ۷ϡ
ʱҶɫصĲϺˣѪЦ綼ѾˡҶʵʮǿ󣬱ҪǿΪԪ϶Խ٣ḻзḻĶս飬˿һ㣬˲;ֱþѹƶ֣ǿˣҲʧʱֻҪһֱѹȥԷһʧͿ϶ֱӸɵԷ
Ҷһ߷ˣһ˼Ž취ذʼվֻľ룬ÿ΢һͼǰŭѣû뵽ϻ˹ʵ
˼ҶʩչðˡΪٳɣ¾ûлֵĻˣԷƣûиĻᣬΣҪ취ذ˦С
Ҷһ߷˱ܣһȫתͬʱһǿķһٷɴܣǿϷӿѸٹؽСؽϵٷɴܣȻһǿؽҫ۳ҵĹâǿȫؽҶ涼ܸоؽڲڵΪһιʵ̫ˡ
ҶһȻȫʮ֮һжֵԷذ׵ͬʱؽϵնҪʩչ
¶֮ҶȻһ̶ͣһǿŷӿȻȫҶȻӳؽʱһؽϱâһ˲䱩ǡ
ΪҶӳؽʹʮ֮һ룬ʱǳɫħһذ˲ʹ̵ǰѪһˣʱʹȫۡһذ׵ĽоֱӴ̵ҶǰʱѪоƺ̵ʯͷһû뵽ҶӲٴʱ򣬲ǿ̽ȥ硣
д󺧣û뵽Լȫһ̾Ȼֻܴ̽磬Ҫټ̵ʱȴͻȻоҶؽ磬һֱӱܹʱһݣЩĵȻذףѸһܵһߣմܳΪܿ˵Ĺȴû뵽˲仯˾ŸֱӰΧʱȫĲΧУΪΧɴܵʮӴʹƶ
ʱҶҲЩ𾪣Ҳϴ徹ȻסԷذףø˰磬ʱһŭȻץסᣬŶ汻ΧסѪһȻȥͬʱؽ
ѪΪԼ㿪ؽȴû뵽Ҷ˲ʹдܹΪһûлٶ㿪ֻȻһŤһž޴˲ײڵϡءıһǿı죬Ѫֱڵҳһ


ʮһ ۷֮· 434¾ʴս
Ȼ˰죬ܶ࣬ʵʱֻвһѣڶĹֻһ֮ˡ
ȫڵУҶѪ֮Ĵսһҫ۵ĹâһȻԭһֱƵѪֱڵҳ޴ĿӣȻĳ˷̬Ե˶ɵˡ
ȫһƬѻȸ㶵ĿŽ֣ܶԭΪѪһȡʤȴû뵽Ѫ˾ͱҽ˵ƺڻ·磬˶ע˶ʱҶע˸ţҶ潫ѪҽжʱϣپԼѡǶԵġ
Ҷ濴űҽѪ񣬴ϻðһ̡
һ߹ȥ֪ѪûɹıܿԷذףԺ;صޣŹһѹأԺ󶼺ùĶࡣѪʧȥһҪĻᣬԺûмҶܶ˵
ҶȫȻһܣһǿֱӴܽҶеؽϣؽһǿȻܳҶһ䣬һǿһһȥ

ʱУΧʼһʽĴۣųɶźƿһССΧվʿά򣬼Ƿӵн뺣Ȩޣ֮һ۷Žȥ
Щ۶дŴۣЩż嶼ǾɸѡȷʵǿϣҶĵļ壬ЩٵҲǧʷеľǿ߲ڼİٷ֮ʮа벽ļȽפҲгԽļԽȨޡ
ܶٽʮʿǰ벽ҪļʸЩ֮󣬱ᱻలںĸϾססЩϣɲܹѣҪսԱȫںսʿУʱᰲųѲʿΪֿħá
뺣ļǴ壬֮ʿֻܰʵŶӣΪС򣬲ס¶ʿԺֻаػ߾صʿлϣһʿûлᡣ
ǵ̫ɽ̫ҴС
̫ɽΧʿѾϣʵǶ۷µʿ̫Ҵеʿǰ벽ʮصʿ
һƬ֮һ۷ʿһܵſڣ˵̫бʿ
ۣ˵
ǣʿһͷȻ˳ȥһһʮصʿǰı棬˵ħʿѾڰǰٽˣӶ򿪡
жˡ
ʿ˵ݳƣħƺǴٽһǧ򣡡
һǧ򣡡΢ȣһֱ׼Ըħڶˡټ벽ֿᣡ
ǣ
ܿ죬ʮλ̫ɽİ벽񼶸־͵ˣ𽫵õı˶ʱһɫء
Σħһǧˣпȫħҵݷ˽һʱ䣬ǻǶˣ𵭵˵
ڵĽʲôһʿʵ
ȴΧĶʼĿǰֻܵȵԷƶ֮󣬲֪ԷĽʲô
Ӧսʱ˰ɣһ෢ʿʵ
˵ͷǵģǿԿսʱΧʿҪȷһǧ˽ǽյļĵʱǾͿԳˣȻúĴǰĲγɺΧ֮ơʱǾͿ׽ˡ
ʿ׷׵ͷǡ
ͽѾƶõķֱִУЩ벽񼶱ĸ֣ȻǷֱԼеļţռȶС
Ƚһа֮󣬷ͻȻʵ˾֣֡ǸĴˣ
жվ˿ˣ˵αѾкڣѾѡһĳ̶ȣǼƻǣܴǰʮģܵ뺣򣬶ĵһ뺣֮֮ѡǰʮʱ鷳λһӣЩ˶Ǹĵһʵ츳Ȼڻ¡
Ǻǣַģ֪ǵ˼ʵЩǵͽҲѧ˶٣ʵֻһͷѣǺĴؾԿŸһʿЦʿ׷׵ͷ
ж˵ͷãǾͶлλˣ

ʱڱϡ
ҶѪ˶ӶҶֳؽؿڵ˿ϲϵðɫϢȻĳֶҺҶΪ˲ԲǿţǻһƤܵôĶĴѪҺҶûþˡ
ҶѾŭˣղһȥʱѪȻĳ˾ײһѪΪѾ񱩣Ҷ񱼣Ҷ֪Ѿˣ˲佫ȫ޴ܽȫʵ
˱ֱײһ֮ʱ䣬֮սﵽ˰Ȼĳ̶ȣϵļٹһ¡¡ϱ̨ҵĿӿݣ˴˺ܾã⼱ٵĴУҶ֪ˣϵ©ҶܵСǣƣǿźѪսȫֱ˶򲻶ˣͣ
Ѫ˲ǵѪȻֱֱվţо˲СвղŵսѾ֪ҶʵȫܶԿ˵ģҶжȻǺȴһ̶ƶԷԲ˷ʱˡȣһȻһɾ޴Ļ棬ڵĻ潫ȫΧʱʵǡ
Ҷ濴ѪıԼжⶾƺܽתڲܹת
ʱѱŭԷıЦһã㿴˭˭Ӳ
䡱һҶ˲ʩչħ䡷ɫϢٱǣҶҲ˾޴ı仯ȫߣƤԽԽӲһ˺ļף˫гɫĹâԽͬʱͷֻҲ󣬼һһУͬʱһ绹ӼܳƤ治ӣɫͬһ㡣
ȫڿҶı仯ʱ


ʮһ ۷֮· 435°
ۿҶʩչħ䡷ĵ㣬Ѫ˹һʱѾûлˡ
Ҷ͵ĴѪҲû·˲ײһѪһҧȫȻ˫۶ȼܵĻ⣬޴ϵķӿҶоһ͵ܹ
ҶҲ˿Ȼӳһȭ̶һǿɴܳһȭͺѪһȭײһǿɴܣ޴ʱѪоһ̩ͬɽһɴܹɽ˫۷ɴܣ̶ֱ塣
Ѫʱһû뵽ʩչǿԴһˣޱУо嶼ʧȥ˿ƣƺҪɣǿתһ޵Ȼǿס׹űɵĶˡ
ʱûΣΪҶһȭٴκˣҶʱѾЩ׼ʹؽֱȭͷԷɵѪӦһȭ˲òɴܣΪʵڶԿҶǿһȭȥ
ͬʱҲ벻ͨҶǰѾѪ޽綾ȾǰλеڵλãҶʵӦѾܵŶԣҶõʲôȻʩչʵľ
ѵ⹦Ȼ
ʱҶѾûˣһȭ֮󣬲ƣͨһϵĺȭѪĲϷأÿ̨ϵҲ׷һ֪Ҷ浽ôˣȻȸտʼʱǺ
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ѪʱЩһ𣬳ҶһţҶһȭϣȻѪҶĸڿȻһܣһ´ܵʮ׸ߵĵطʱһȡǧ
ıȣеذ׶ʱǿ⣬ȫɫĹâЩâͬ˿˿ƵĹһ㣬вϵͷǿӿܿγһԲӰԲӰֵķŲϵתƶһһδγ
Ҷ濴ͷϵԲ̣ʱһҪʩչʲôˣʩչɹѸٴ𣬳Ѫɴܣʱ廹ûдܳߵʱԲȻһƬɫĹĻ˲ͽȫڱɫâֵһ˲䣬Ҷ͸оһǿͬͬʱѹһ㣬ȻҶѾǿˣһ˲ѹٶܵ˼ѹơ
һ˲䣬Ȼһ׹ȥܿҶӦѹȻһܣٴ̧ͷʱ򣬶̶һʱĳٻѪȴҵ˺ʵʱķʩչ˳
Ҷ濴ԲУһǿѹȻͬʱɫķذ׾Ǳһ˹ɫͺɫĹâһǿ
ʱҶѾܣ˲ôذֱӿϡءıڶǿõģɽӱҲˣҶ泤ôһ˾ǿıʽĹҶ嶼ȫ˷ѹռС
Ҷ治òӣذƿ·ĺϣһƬƬٷӿҶҳҶӲһξذûƿƤϱ
ҶеŭٴβӿǿٴηӿͬʱתȫԪϵڣϸһ㱣⣬Ȿò󣬱ҶҲϴͲԶˣʱҶ泬ǿȫǿȵֿЩԲȻ𵽵Ч΢ܱûǿҶ潫
ڿ籩һбذУվ
һĻʱڳۿʮʿĿɿڴȫǿȵĹУҶ澹Ȼȫ忹סһվǿһˣǾǵһοֿܼذ׹
𣿡һʿĿɿڴ˲ͷĺˮɫЩ԰׵˵
ԱߵʿҲ˿ĭɫЩףҾˣҳôһοǿȶŹǶѪĹѪѪһ̬ҶȴǸ̬һû֪죬ˣǷˣһͿ
ǰҲˣҿҶӦõĵһһʿ֣̾˵
õһҷǵһʿص˵
Ҳ׷׵ͷı̬
ʱҶ滺վͷذ׾Ǳһҧȫͬһʹ۶˵ʲôһҶȻذףһĳſеѪȥ˶ɴ۾ҶһһͬɽһŲ
ڼ䣬Ҳ֪˼ذ׵ĴҶڳ嵽ѪʩչԲ棬һһĳؽؽһóͲڶ޴ҶܵСĳؽȥ
Ҷ˫սȻذ׵ĳ£ۻԪ͵ĹؽУ޴͵ıҵİ׹ͬС̫һڿзɴܣ罫ؽ
ȫ˶ס˺Ϊ֪ҶһһǬ
ذбʽĹ£Ҷѵתȫ޴ӵҶܵ޴ѹҶҧŬؽʱѪѾע⵽ҶĶ֪Ҷ涯ļѣתȫӴذ׵ͷţذ׷糱ͬһǹȥ˲佫Ҷ档

ҶһȻذ׵ĳУȻؽ£ʱȻӿ޴һǿͨһ㱬һ֮һ˲ɾŵڿмٷ׷ɣǾŵǿУ˺ذ׹ɵϣ˲ͽѪˡ
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ݡһ̨ϴɳȥ̶һײ̨ϣҵĵһӴĹ̨ҳһ
Ҷվ̨ϣĴҳĴӣһƬ⡣
ȫʿĿɿڴĿҶ棬ǿһսǰΪǲսʤѪģȴֱǿƽѪܣʵ˶ǿʵûˣϾҶʱչֳʵʵǾ
ҶһǴӣתһȥ̧ͷȥһƬһ̴ĲɣȴҶԺһ·ȥ϶ܴﵽԼĿġ
һҶʤʿȥ󺰡
ʱȫͬһ˵ĿⶼҶ氲ıӰ


ʮһ ۷֮· 436¿ռ
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һĿЦ˲ںĿռУöֺܹʨһ̴Ӵʯͷϴ
ͷôˣܹһ㶡
ȥһʲô飡˵
һ볯Ȯ޷ɹȥʱǿȮ޸ǰĴǰòһˣǰŻϢڣȴƺһͨӣһⲻϷɴܣ޴ϴܳжһɹĸо
ף⡭ǰʲô鰡ôģܹȥСĵʵ
ȮֹסЦתͷһԵõ˵ղţӽռͨˣ
ʲôʱ󾪣ǿռ
Ȼͨˣʨվ˵
Ȯ޿ЦͳĻˣˣ
ϲǰϲǰָæߵݣҲһʱϲռһͨζлؼˡ
ãͨռȥҵĸ߲㣬֯򣡡Ȯ˵žͶ˵ʱϲЦǣСһʹ
˵žҪɣȮסûȥҪάִתϣΨһᣬͬʱҲµĻᣬԣҪץסλᣡټʵǿĴлˡ
ţּŻȥæͷ
ãȥɣȮ޵˵ͷ
̳ſռĴܽȥȮȻܵռϿգȻŰɫĹâȻһǿȻܳ޴ǳˮһӿһٷӿȻ޴ĹţֱӳռС
ءһ죬ųȥ˲佫ǿռռеתһ޴һת޴ĿռУһȻǿųչ
ֶʱоǿ˲佫УȻǶʱо嶼˲䱻ǿֱ˺ˣǿţѸûֶʱЩ֣̿ʱڶˣֻˡ
Ȯ޷һ͹ȥ֮ջ˫֣ǻָĿռ
һһʹܵĸǰȻ˯⼸ʱ䣬żץֳԣ˯ƺԶ˯ľ
Сһһֱ˯ҽռ򿪣ѵˣȮЦ
վȮޣ㿪ռûʲôϵ
ڻףҺܿõģҾлΪԲô㣬ϣҲҵһƬģȮЩĵȰ˵
֮˼һӣȻٴſڵ˯˾
Ȯ޶ʱоһʧܸУôʱȰ˵ȻȫûӦľ񣡡

磬
һƬӵٶĴڼ䣬ٷ֮ʮ棬ʽ޲ϵؽս˺ҧΪ˻ȥɱ¾ʹδֹͣ
ܹΪĴʮʥ򣬷ֱĴۺʮţγ˵ȼɭϵƶȣЩۺĿ£򶼰εĿš
ʱһɫϣٷ֮ʮǴ󺣣ֻаٷ֮ʮС½أǵķֲ䣬һſһ
һƬ֮ϣͻȻȻ˺һӣɫĹâ˲ӿдܳһɫ磬ռ䱻޴ѷֱԽԽֱγһ޴Ŀӣͬһ޴۾һ¶һɫռлϵɢݳ
͡ϵıǿ˲伤˷ӿһǿƻ̱
ڴʱźɫ˲䱻ڿмת֮֯󣬻źɫӰӣ̶¶޴ޣǺֺܹʨճʱ򣬲֪ںϣʱˡˡȫˮ
ˮһ֮ͨ󣬿ٵĴˮһʱ󺰣۹ڻˣ
ǰ̫ˣȻʱϾ̫ˣǳȥ֮󣬲֪Ǽð̫ˣֹܹЦ
ʣµһΧҲʱоϤϢһʱ䶼и˲ѡ
ˡϴǸͷ˵ǻˣܹ֣ʵ
ܹ룬˵ȷʵǸᣬǵʵ¶أڵϣǱǿ֣»ûˣ˱˵Ŀвô죿
ҿǾͱˣԼӺˣڽʿǵĹϵ˵ǲǣܹ˵
ʨҲ˵ͷǰҿⶫǵĹϵǵͷΪռ޸ȻٻڼȻѾˣα˷ʱ䣬ҷô󣡡
ܹһе˵ǰռǵʱҲоȥģѾùˣٲͽȥԼҲʹ죬水ͷĻȥǣ˵ʱȥ̣ǸˣȥӦù¡
ͷҪǣô죿Щĵ˵
ᣬ㿴˰ɣҪҪʩģûʩôصĵġֿܹ˿Ц˵
һ룬ʱ֮˾ͻϲϲĳһ߷ȥҲ⻹ڿеĿռѷ졣
Զȥ֮󣬺ͻȻˮӿһž˴ӺͻȻðһԻףʮֿԶȥȻֿвðɫϢĿռʱ˼
һӣⶫʲôͨˡ
ȥ˵һʹܽ˺
˵Ȼܽ˴ںмٷɴܣܿ͵˺ףһĵ̣˺ܿ죬Χַ׷ɢһ·ͨľͷɵһ޴ĺϿǰյĺӵΪڶĺɫҶپ޴ĺĺҲ˺ס
һ·ɴܺܿʹ˽ȥʱԶ̾ʯߺɽϵԣССֻÿһֻ޴ޱȣͬһСɽ͵η֡
ǴϢĵطʲôһԴܹʱһǰ
ʴ磬ҽҴһҪԿʱ˵
ʲôҪ飡ʵ
ҷһͨʿĿռʵ˵
ʲôʵԶʱһ㣬ûȷǽʿģ¹ش󣬲ɶϷ
˵ģǾȥȻҷֵǸ߳ġԿȷ϶ֱͨʿ򡣡ᶨ˵
ãȥģһת֪һοһᣬϱĻԺܻ͵ġ
һ֪ʲô⣬ٺһЦ˵У¹شҪԱУ
ٺ٣ҪȷһǲƭˣԲҪȥһ˵ĶڣҪܷҲҪܷ˸ɡ
ģ֤ģֻҪҽȥҾ͸˵һֵģô֪ʴʲôע⣬˵˵ͷ˵
һһͦģûйִ˵ͷðɣȥɣɱ˵Ļ
ʴŰܽһ޴ʯУûȥһͬһÿһΣҪɽҡһ£ľѣӴǿʵоͲסĲ´һֱӽѹ
ʴŰߵ棬ʱǶڶһƬ֮⣬ʲô
ȵȻᣬ˯أǴʱ군˵æͷһ̣ȴ˯ѡ
һֱʱŽѹҲСˡ
С̽
һӣŴɳƶϵôˣ
Ҫ棡ʹ˵
ʲôҪ£˵ţڶȻյɫľ޵ƣͬʱһɾ޴ɽһ㡣
ҺͰһռԴ뵽ʿ򣡡ֱӱ
ʲôһʱһȻһͨضɽҡһ޴ͷ­Ӻڶͷ­ң˫ĺʵ˲ѡͷϻߵ˫ǡ
һʱ̱˵˿ͨʿĿռģȥʱȵ
ǣʹһɫɰǰ棬ɫռķȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 437¡ɥҾս
һ֮
ǵĴϣԶѾʮʿ֮⣬ҲϵķɴʿɫĹâҫһʿطɴܣ쳣
ԭΪıѾβⳡǿ꣬˭Ӯⳡ˭Ƕǿˡ
ⳡǣһһ·оյȫʤҶ棬һߣⶫߵĹߣĶӣʽǡ
ǻһƬ˽Լף󲿷ֶ͸˶ʽǣΪʽǶĶӣŶ򣬶Ҷȴ˵ԭ֮⣬оǶΪ򸶳˺ܶ࣬ģ˺ܶˣȻҲƨߣϵĶԶʽǻͼ͡
ʽһɫۣɫ磬һѽĳΪûϣ˲֪⽣ʲôӵġȵվ̨ϣ̨ʮ˶ף΢΢һ˿Ц⡣
˵һսʮشģΪһߣСͱ˳Ÿ֣ʵҲһֱʶߵģôͬ˺ֱ֣նɱĿǰͣȻ֪ҶҲǵ֮˵ⶼ⣬ĳܽһ⡣
ʱԶ˸ָʿףŮʿһƬһƬΪҪף𾴵ĶҲڿ̨ϣԶԶĿԶ׵пҶһ䡣
·ҲҪȡõһԶֻܿһڶңյҪͨһαСÿ˵Ƕٹӣû˵СŬλΪܰѸͷӰø˽ʱ˵Ƕһ֣׵Ĺ⻷ʵ̫ѹ
ҪõһǳΪڶ
ĿҶ棬ʽЦš
ҶһĵĮվ̨ϣˣȫûΪ˵Ļʲôη壬˵һжһִӿʼʱѾˣǾȡĳɹ
Ҷ֮һѣΪڵʵѾﵽˡǰͻ˵ڰ۷ƣ˵ھŲ㡣Ϊȡʤ֮ͽǰһǧһεõԴϵĽһſԴͨڰصھؽĵҩֵҩǰ벽񼶵ĸƵģʮҩЧҲܺá
Ҷ沢ûбϣû뵽һξȻͻˡ
ʵһ¥ûн涫Ķӷ˵۶󣬶־Ƕ֣սʱƽȵĹϵ
֮⣬̣Ҷ澭һʱĿѾɥҾĴ״̬ڼΪ˷ֹʧϵѾȫգ˺üΣо⡶ɥҾʮһδóʵսǲõá
ܾʽʼʿ̨Ѿ׼õˣ
ৡһǲʿһ˵꣬δ䣬ʽǾͳҶֱӴٰŶ޴ӿ˲ͬһһ˹ʮְƣ޴涼һڣʯͷм
Ҷ濴Ŷֱӳû˿ȣ嶼ûж
ʽǶʱŭ嵽ǰʱ򣬶ʱ޴һһѽĳȻǽɫĳڳһ˲䣬ֱӱɫĹâͬǿĽɫ̫һ˲ȫȫʿһ˲оһ
һǽɫ˲ޱƳҶֱҶкݹһһؽ˲֣Ȼֱӵͷ
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ȫʿʱ𾪣û뵽һĽǿ
Ҷȴû˿ȣΪһȻޱȣ˵ûеصĵز
ʽǿҶ˫۾޽ԼưһʱоŭʱһȻȻؽɫһԾֱӴգȻһ룬ҶֱһһƸӻֺ꣬Խꡣ
Ҷ˫ֳؽءһ죬䣬ʽǸеĳؽײһ˲ͽҶֱҽ˵
Ҷһ˲䡰䡱һʩչħ䡷ʱһɫħɫϢٱǣҶҲ˾޴ı仯ȫߣƤԽԽӲһ˺ļף˫гɫĹâԽͬʱͷֻҲ󣬼һһУͬʱһ绹ӼܳƤ治ӣɫͬһ㡣
˲ʩչˡħ䡷֮ҶٴͷĽɫ
ʽǴʱѾŭޱȣû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼ׵صĹĹһ˾ֵܵˡоҶʵʵ̫ǿˣƱĪ⣬ɲ⡣
Ҷ濴ŶʽǣͻȻһ˿ЦȻ˲ʩչɥҾֱӽս
ʽٴλһǿţȻܵУ̶Ȼȫ߶ȫľмٴܶͬһܽеĽɫУ׼һι
ʱҶҲʼʩչɥҾϿʼðһƵĺɫЩͬһϿٵۣȻ۳һɫȫŨŨϢͬһǿҹϢ
ͬʱҶҲð˹ʹĿռ䶼Щ΢΢Ť
ҶĬĬաɥҾϵĿھתȫԪһǿԪϵܣȻܽкɫԲС
ʱǶʽһȫԪȻڽɫУҶ˹ɫǿ۱ͬһ㱬޴ıҶ˶˾޴ƵİΧУޱǿ
ŶʽޱȵһҶһ䣬ȴһĨصЦ⡣
ȻȻſһźɫĹâܿռ䶼ͬˮһֱɢһĿռ䲨Ľռ
ݡһΧʮڵĿռ˲Ҷ


ʮһ ۷֮· 438¶֮
ҶΧʮ׿ռ֮ʱǶʽȻ
˲䣬Ҷ浥ָһ󣬡ৡһռ䷢ˮһͬռ仯һ̲ˮһʽҲһ̸оͨˮһĸоȫһͣƺֱӲܶ߶ļΪ
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ֻҶͶʽһֵƶţҶ浥𣬶Ŷʽǣʽ򱻿ڿУһɫϻҫ⣬Ҷͷĵطƶˡ
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ҶȻûдﵽ벽ĵزôӵеĶԿռƿأʵڷ˼ΣԿĳҶڵʵѾˣһǿֹˣܶʶ벽
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Ҷû˵΢΢˵ͷȻתߣǶʽһ˲ٴδӴܳҪٳ֣ûü֣˲ʹܵǰȻȻһеĳȥȻһƾϣʶ
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ʽǱһȵʱˣ㶵ĿҶԶȥıӰҧгݡ
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ҶıǰͣһСۣʮظ֣òɣȵŮޣԼʯһЩҩ
ЩǸҶ׼ġ
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кҶվŵһɫۣɫʿһĳϿңǶĸϲҶ¶ᶫĵһҲΪҶѸˣǺǣͣŵۣΪҶ׼ǰμӱרЦɣ
Ҷ濴Ķüͷ壬⣬»ǲҪ˰ɣֻҪ˴žͿԣʲôģǻӶѡ
ǺǣҶЦɣҲ˼ҷԸģϴιӵðǸ⣬˲׼ЩҶȥҲҪһ·ϢźãۣҲԲԪȥв󣬸ʣܵѲǶʿ֮ҲҶľӢˣ
ʿǱȽƫƧģǰļαǵ׵ģҲûʣγţҲǶĸˡҲǶʿϣЦɣ
Ҷ⸱ĻǳϿңûж˵ʲôðɣȻ˵ôϿңپܾȴ֮ˣҶĳˣ
ǺǣӺЦ˴ȥμӱ·;ңԶۣɺܶ࣬ŮһǾϸѡģһ⣡
Ҷ治֪˵ʲôãֻЦҡҡͷ
ˣȻѾεҲˣȸˣͱϼ˵žʹһʿ˳ȥ
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ǰʿסڶѾ˾޴ĻУɱħ߲µǣһзɱۣħ֮ôҪøѹ߽ʿ׷ƵǰͻС֮ܶ࣬󣬵µֱӺǺܶħײʿɱɱֻۣҪ˾ҪɱֻҪʿҪɱɱƬײá
⵼ħռһЩ򣬺ܿ˾޴ĻС
ʱУһֻӴ۽ӣСһߣܶ۶ǱɫѪɫʹž޴Ĺһ㶼Ҫʿ֣ܽһͨƽ
мһ޴ĳɫУһħĸ߲ڿᣬһ߳űץŮʿ裬ʮҡ
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ħǧںڰУʱ޿̲ȴⱨѩޣлᣬǿվҪץסᣬǧĿ࣬Ҫģ
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˷׷׵ͷص㣬֮ǰֻǶһŵ·ߣǵϸʱˣ֪Ѫпħ϶еˣֻľ»ܹܲı¶ѡ
Ѫпħ룬˵ţȻôˡҲﲻֱӸߴң֪ʿ϶²ǵ·ߣȻһЩصرһǵʵǵʱݴ͡ҪߴңǴӶ򵽺̵ľ벢߸򣬶򣡡
򣿡һ׷˽벻ͨģΪ֮ĿȼοƵ˵Ҳһٶ࣬кܶϵĻˡ˵߸Ѿǽемȥˣҽܶ͵ɻߴʹԽطȥʣµģѾǺܽܽˣʣµζܣǴӿռѷдܣռѷ˺еʿȥѡ
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Щ˷㶵ӣѪпħʱЦЦ֮˵Ǻǣðɣ鲻Ҿ͸ǰɣ


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ݡһǿĹâȻ֣ȻǺɫϢԽ޴ĹŲɢ̶γεӰӣɫϢһɢ¶Եģڼһ΢Сġ
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һתȻ˵Ҵ˲࣬Ҫǲֱͨʿ򣬼Ȼģһͻȥͨͨ
ȮһʱĻŭţôãΪľܵÿĴʱЦã﹧ҪټʿƺҲҪʼսˣȵǴĽƣʱǾ֮
ãһЦȻ̱Ȯ޸ǣ̶ֱӴԳſռȥܿ죬ռһâҫɫϢȻðǿĿռ籩˲佫ϯ
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Ǵô죿ʺʵ
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һʱֳƿ죬ΪıȲʡ


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ҶھСɵ֮ϣһƬϢһ߿Χеһ͸ĹĻ֮ϡ
ͳһ͸Сӣϸ꣬뿴ҿŴ򿪣ȴδԸЩ̾ϢԴУĲкҵһֱ򿪿ʲôöҲ˺üΣʵ֮ԣҲûЧЩƣⶫȻǴк﷢ֵģ϶ǺöٺõĶ򲻿Ҳֻܸɵˡ
ʱȻһЦŤͷȥֻеļŮһЦ˵ʲôһæվֱӡ
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ŮҶû˵ʲô㵨Ҳһ·ϿҶͣûһЩǰױ̻ʲô񱣬һֱǺܺãҲ˽¸̾ҶǰЩŮҪúܶࡣ
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ǼŮЩнҶ棬СĵʵǰʲôԸ𣿡
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Ŷ˿Ҷ΢ЦʱһɣʵǰǸʲôأ
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Ǽ˱㻥࿴˼̶ۣҶ棬˵ǰãǺǸмǰʵǿӢҵĽĽǰһֱĵĴǼһ£Ϊǰƣ֪ǰϲϲ
Ҷһ΢΢ů⼸ƯĵŮӣЦð֮á
һʱϲѣһ࿴˼ۣȻѾãеȵһŮӶҶ˵ţǰͨ飬ҵΪǰһ
Ҷɺ赸һϲͨ˵λɫǼ֮Ҳ϶ܲ
ŮҶʱиˣһƬƵЦ
ȻܿǾͿʼᳪź裬һתĸǿгӵˮһ֮Сһʱ߰һʱͳˣȷʵʮˣҶҲסĵͷޡЩŮӱǶϸѡģһͨɺ赸ʮĿ
ҶΨĵӣ뵽ԶϹѣ֪ôˣʲôȼûʲôϰ
ģеձʮǢˡ
ءһ׵ģȻһΣ޴ƷйһȦЩŮӻӦ㱻޴ĵ˦ķ˳ȥʱһ󾪽Уһʮǿǿϱвͣĵ
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Ҳ֪ȥɣʿ˵ţҶתۿȥ֮ռȷʵ˺ܶħĴۣ飬ͬޱ޾ĺһ㣬ľҶܸоӴ嫵ĽУ϶а벽񼶱˴ڣһʱ亹乶£ôҲ벻ͨﾹȻܽôħۡ
ǿ㵽ȥҶЩŮ˵ŮҲ֪ﲻκæһ㵽档
ǸնȥͻȻǾȻ޴һ۵һֱҶС۶Ӵˮһӡ
Ҷʱһŭؽγﲻϵתһǿ˲ʹ˳ؽɫ񱼴ܣһǿֱӳһųǿ޼ֱ˹ȥ
͡޼˲仯һž޴ħɴܣ¡¡һǿ˲ײһ𣬱ǿƥ⣬һž޴Űűÿռ䶼϶ĳƵٴβҡΣŮ޵ļС
һ֮Ҷֳؽվħ۽Ӹǰһ˺һӶԿȴһֱĸоҶʱҲ֪ԼôɣʵҲһ֣ħ벽񼶸ֿ϶򲻹ûзϰߣҲҪվ
ʱһ޴ƺҶղŵŭеħʿǰɫȻ޴ĳɫâͬʱ۵˲䱬޴ӵһɽХһ۵㼯һǸղŵ
ղŵѾҶЩԲħۻ㼯һʵη壬ҶȻѾվ;ˣȻһȣ˲תħ䡷
Ҷһ˲䡰䡱һħ۳һ֮ʱҶʩչħ䡷ʱƤϣһɫħɫϢٱǣ˲Ҷȫ
ҶѸٲ˾޴ı仯ȫߣƤԽԽӲһ˺ļף˫гɫĹâԽͬʱͷֻҲ󣬼һһУͬʱһ绹ӼܳƤ治ӣɫͬһ㡣
Ȼ仯ܶ࣬һжһ˲ɵģ˲ʩչˡħ䡷֮ħһӾͳҶҶȻ˫۳ؽס޴˲串ȫһɹǿԴͬǿ̩ɽһҶͷҶʩչˡħ䡷˫۵ס
¡¡޴ļԻص񱬷һ粻ϵıھ裬޴ŷɴܵĳÿռ䶼סһ󶶶𵴣ҶҲʱۻͻһѪҪáħ䡷סѾˡһˣħһΣͱˡ
ˣֳؽȵվڿУ˿ûȴ˼
ҶΪҪ군ʱЩħȴûٴηǴһҾ޴зɴܳһź۵ʿ˲ܵҶǰҶһ˾ȻʮٽʵʱھسڣʮٽȻ֮Ĳ࣬Ѿˣ϶ˡ
ҶΪԷҪֵʱǺʿȴһ֡˵λѣʥ룡
ʥ𣿡Ҷһ㶣룬Լƺʶʲôʥ
ǺǣģʥˣǺʿЦ˵Ҷһ档
ðɣҶ˵ͷôȥҲһҴŵӣȥһҲף˵ѣѵʶ
ʿѸٷɵϣʱоһɹǿޱȣʵԶ϶Щһǰ벽񼶱ĸ֣Ҷ𾪲ѣôҲ벻ͨȻô벽񼶸֣ǰʲôħѾײȫǸЦô벽񼶸ִǿɲġ
ʱһɽѨĸо
޴ʮ¥ߣɻӥУɢһɹɾ˵Ҷ滹ǵһοӴĹʵľѣħʵʵɲ⣬ɼΪδ󷴻˲ٵ׼
һ·ȥв֣ЩʿΪ͵ĶǾأȾظߵ洦ɼҶһʿɵ¥¥ŵļλʿʱ򣬸ʿˮΪһʿǰ벽񼶣ɢİ벽ƣһʿȶˡ
Ҷֻǰȡ
ȥɣʿҶ浽ǰȻҶ˵Լվһߡ
Ҷһ߽ȥŲٸ֣һǿСһȻЩûɢʲôѹô벽Ŀ⣬ҶѹءЩʿһ̬죬ҲȽغʿкܴĲô벽񼶸֣ɱǼֱ練ơ
㻹ǵ𣿡ҶɫǰߵʱͻȻһһЩϤƮ˹


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ҶһȻתͷȥֻλãһһ۵ˣɫ̬ǳֻǱȽϹʣɣҲƣ̬һߣһ۲ŴԵˡ
ǣҶЩϤȥҲ벻ʶôһˣһЩˣȣʵܴ˾ǰ벽񼶣ʵϣҶܸоʮֲԶԶһİ벽֡
ٺ٣˵һȺȾƳˮţˣ̨ϵЦ˵
Ҷһ⻰ʱȣһʵĪߣƢҲʮֹŹ֣Ҷ϶һǸֲǣ˱㽫öͺþóд˹ϵкʱּһΣ񱻽ʲôѪпħ
㡭Ҷ濴ˣʱȷʵüۼ伫񣬵Ƿϻ֮ͯ󡣡ǣǰ
ٺ٣ңСޣԹģҪѣѪпħҶЦʵղŵ·ʱϳҶ棬ʱҲû룬ֱҶһ֮ס۵Ĺڼʩչħ뵽˱ģǵõһҶʱֻأڽһʱ䣬ҶʵѾﵽ˾أħ֮ʵǴǣнʮصʵ
ٶֵħЩľžҶԷʩչħ˵ħ񣬻пܾħʿʱ£֮ġ
ǰǺһδû뵽ˣμǰҶ濴һλᣬ鲻ɱ㹧˵
Ǻǣúãѵ㻹ǵңģãѪпħҲ¶΢ЦϵնʱԾ
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ˮ;֮󣬡ΪطһѪпħЦ
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˼ڣ˼䣬ʮͶԵ
һӣҶ˵ǰ֪ǰħʥ𣬶еǰ£
Ǻǣ޷޷ͶԵͺãʱħҲδģʥʵڲҵѪпħʮ͡
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ҶҡҡͷҲħȴҲӵߣм㣬ǴĹܿʹħ޶ѣˣȥҲŵġ
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Ȼ˵ĿҶ棬лһѹֱӳҶѹô벽ѹۣҶоСѹ
Ѫпħû˵ȻһھƣҶ涥ôѹ亹ȴɫжԴ˵Ǹеͣ˵ͷðɣȻԭҾͲǿˣԸԺ󲻻սϼۣ
Ҷ˵ͷлǰ£˵뵽ħĴսб㲻룬һ֪֮ģ
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Ҷվץžƣͷھ͹ȥ֮󣬷¾Ʊˡ
ѪпħҶıӰâҫ
ʥСôӣɱˣһħʿ̲ס˵ʿҲַָ͡һ·ɱ࣬ҲȱҶһ
ѪпħҡҡͷνҺܿãܲΪãΪҵĵˡ

Ҷصеʱǰľ޴ƵħѾС۷ɹһʮ־޴󣬽ۼм䣬ǾСһ㡣Ҷ濴ԶȥһҾ޴ۣʱһɣղЩУһֱ񾭣ϾԷȫǰ벽񼶱ĸ֣ʵ˲ǣһŭ֮£һɱ
ܿħͲҶ濴ƺƵĶ飬еɻˡ
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ʮһ ۷֮· 443ת
ʱããС
һֻӴȺźķǰϲŴǶı־һֻӶӳĶ顣
ͷǶܶණĳԼһʵ֣ǵһӶܳģҲһΪ֮ܳħһ֧ȷͳ嵽˶Ƚܶഫ͵ƻǵ´ʿڶ򣬺ͺڸħʿսܿͳһƬɱ¾֮ء
ʱҲܲô࣬һ·ٷɴܣѾԽ
Һӵÿ죬ҪȻ鷳ʹˣڴܳ˶ʵһУڳԺȹ赸
ţҪӢһ˴ҪȻһǾͶڶ򡣡һʿҲзɡ
ûôɣô˵Ҳһ֮⣬ʵᣬôζѾһٶˣħռ죬ɱ¾Ҳɡ
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ţͻȻһʿܳǰħӣ
ʲôԭ˿ֵ֮Ķʿʱһ㶣Ҳû뵽Ѿǳӽģôܳħӡ
ߣ˿ٳǰȥܿͷǲԶȻһħƯţϸȥȴΧֻһң滹ħӣȴûз֣ƺûˡ
ҪǴԱ߹㳯һƯơ
ħ۵ʱ򣬶һͻȻ澹ȻտյҺܶطģǱʲôǿĶֱӳµģʱһҷۡ
Ҳܿ췢ۣѵǰѾʼˣһʿʵ
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Ķ̰նչж漸ʿѸӮ׷תܡ
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ħʿ׷ʩչħʵѸҲɱһԭܿͳһƬɱ¾֮ء
Ĵսһֱ˽ʱΪʿǶľӢϺ죬вٴսǿħʵ󲿶ͼͦˣֻºٵһħʿںɨѹսƷɨĵֿȴû뵽˶ʿ
˶ռ˲Сǣ÷ܼǧħʿģħʣʿȥһɢ
սͳƣʧ߰ٶ࣬ɱԶԷǧ
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ʱںĺϣĴӪУҲЩң߲Ҳ֪һħô£ѵ˲ƣ⼸ıĴڼռȺܴǧ컹˵Χȴͳм򣬽Χʿ˦һߣ죬ȴõս˵ħʿ뺣ֻľˡʵڱ˲ƻ졣
̫ɽʿɴܣպʹս鱨
ʱ̫ҴУŲϴսɫѾˣǾȻ˿ռУ΢˼Ϊʲôħʿôĵִʱ̫ˡ
ʿҲ⣬ɫ壬һִԭļƻȻ󣬰ϼ̳ھȥ֪ϣٴǲμ
ǣʿ׷׹֣Ȼɢȥ

ʱһϡ
˴󣬿紵Ŵˣһ޴ĺһš
һ죬һ޴ͷ­ӺܳţӶԲϵĴӲֻܳ߰ԶһƬ޴
һȻһȺԳһٴӿܿ죬ȺԾʹܵһ޴ĻɽߣȻһ̣ŵϼٴȥ޴һ·ǰУԶľײһƬСҴܡ
ܿ죬һȺԾʹܵ˻ɽɽţʱգֻ߰޴ʨһֻǿ׳ʨ´ԶɹϲϵĴܶȴ˿⣬ɹʱգƾˡ
һȺɫľֻɽҲһߴϰ֮⣬о޴֩;ԳȵȣһȺֶ۵ССĻɽϡ
ʱ޶ˢˢĿΪǽӵĿţ˵мµǣ㶼ҴҵĸϹ֪ʲô¡
ԣ˵д£ʲô£ɽľԳԣֱԲʵ
Ҳʵ
ʱʮ׸ߣһ
ٺ٣ģԺʱƭλ콫λȻҪ£һǴĺ£ǲ֪ģһ֪ˡôͱɻˣص˵˵һͣ۾ɵϴ󣬿
飬Ŀǰֻ֪СǶȥѲ߷أ˵֮ǰѵ
һ׷Լµȥأֹİ˴ܽ
ˣ˵˰ɣʱЩȲ˵
һΧ˵ͷ˵ţˣҪ˵飬ôӼǰʼ
ֽľԭԭ˵һ飬˵۾ʱԽԽһϵıҲʮ־ʡ
㣬ȷȥʿ򣿡ԳЩš
ǵģһҿ԰ٷ֮ٵȷϣʿ򣬺Ĳʮִ󡣡ܿ϶ĵͷ˵
ôߵĻһʿţʨʵ
ϻʿ򿪿ռԼܸоȻϵ˺ܶ࣬ȻбʵĲ˾Կɿ˵
˵һЩȽϵĵ⣬һһǡ
ô˵ǾһδԵʿչռˣʨʱзŹ⡣
ǵģô˵ˣĺҵһʱ֪ͨ˸λλ˵Ҳ˵ͷ˵
׷׿
ţҼƻǣһ֮ڴжһʱλ׼֪ͨˣԴ̵壬󼯽֮󣬲Ҫ棬һ͹ȥɫ֣ص˵
׷׵ͷ


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Ҷۣһ·˺򣬶һ·δħʿЩ⡣
ԭΪΪ·һΣħǰ棬ӦǰģȴûħĽЩͷԣʱħʵѾ˺ֻΪ·֮Уֻһ·ɹִ˲Ҫȵ·֮ſԽ
ʱһ£Ҷڴ۵ĺ֣ǰδ򣬵ȴ򣬲ʮַһʿƵģͻȻһоȡ
۷ɵ򸽽ûǰһʿǰ飬ѯ֮Ҷ潫ԼƽԷԷ˶֮ȷʿǶĴͨˡ
Ҷһ·ǰۣСĶУ󲿷ֶʮֺ֣һʿӵУҶʼҵۻҪö࣬ôǿ۶ں򣬿ɼǿ
ŷţҶͷ˲ԾΪЩûһ⿪ģȫ濪ģҾм⿪ģҲȫʿսģδսɡʼΪ⺣ǷأڿǺܶӵˡ
ʱЩƣû뵽ô嶼ܣѵܰȫΪıȽΣֻһЩ͹ϵļ֪һҲۣܳкܶ򶼲֪ɼ䱣̶ܳȣҶԺ֮ǰûʲô˽⡣
˺֮󣬻ҶһӾҪһѲʿ˲һ·ɵָһʱѾʮˡҶ治ò֮̾ܣһ·Ҳ˲澰кܶʮŨ򣬸Զܸоȵһϲƺʯɵһ㡣ͬʱܸоŨ̶ȱǿʵҶоϲѡ
֮⣬кܶݵЩͣһһҾ޴ۣװصȫݣҶ۾ֱˣʱо⺣Ǽ򵥵ͨ򣬶һ󱦿Ⱑ
ָϿգҶ־һμ飬ȷûʲôʵʱŷС
һˮɫȫŹĺ󣬷ɵڲʱ򣬾Ϳһ޼ʵĺ棬һɴܣڽȥ֮ǰҶͱ֪˱صλãΪһˮɫͳǳؼ
ںϷɴһӣҶͿһ޴ĽƯں棬һʯİɫԿ͸¥Ľһ֣⽨ΧһȦֵʯɵĴƺԱֽȶ
ڽΧвͣţҶҲȥ
һȥʿӭҶƣ˿֮󣬾ʹҶȥǼǣȥ֮󣬷ֵʿһʵΪǿǾأûоµģһЩʮصʿЩʿ඼ǸĵһܴǧڵʿѡγһνսģʵǿޱȣԼʱûпʼֻǸǿգľҶĿȥɼкüԼϢҪǿ󣬾ܱͨȡ
֮󣬺ܿͱǿϢڸǣվ澹Ȼ˿ڡҶʿĴ£ȥǼǵ㱨֮󱻷˰˺űءҸһʮ°š
ҶһԼУһʿˣ֮ǩȷһֱӽٴ򣬴֮Ӯ˵ĺͳǩ˱ȡýǰʮʸ
ϸһҶ濴ԼǶ֮⣬аϽ򡢾Ԫ򡢱ٺ򡣱ʱ硣
Щ֮ҶصԼ֮ϣȴš⼸ôʱͻȻһʿǰҪĲӣݸԷԷһȻһɫƣ˵ƿԽΧκһ
Ҷһ֪ԭںרſ˺üһŨĶ࣬˺Ը˿ţȵս֮κ˵ʿš
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һμƵģȷϰȫ֮ŷУҶ۱棬ֻҶһ˽ȥ߽ȥʱоȫˬͬĴ֮һ㡣
ܶĶʮһ߷ҶһԶԶģ޴ɫԲ򣬷ɽһŷЩɫԲȻȫʯģʱо֡
ܿ죬Ҷ治˷ʱ䣬һСɽɽƱȽϸߣʺ˾
Ҷģ㽫߽ħ䡷Ĳ㣬оǽɥҾԺսҲˣĹѾﵽ˱ͳ̶ȣΨСħ䡷͡ɥҾϻдڽһߡ
ܿ죬ͳ֮Уò˵ܶȱǰŨĶĵطҶ͸оһɹԾܣоʮ

ʱھ뺣֮ңطһɫĹĻڹĻУһħ۰Ǳţһߵȴһ߹עźĶ
Ѫпħһħ߲Ҳһһߵȴ
ܿ죬ħʿĴܵѪпħǰʥǸղյϢ·ѾɹĴԽ˿ռУ·Ѿִһߣ߻㼯
ܺãܺãȥ£ǾܼϣˣѪпħʱЦ
ǰ·һγ㶦л֮ƣʱЩһܶûطˣһȡȫһͻصħͳСһħҲЦ˵
ǰ񷣬»صħֻˣʵ˷ܵһ飡ѪпħһЦȻžƱߵǰͷԶһƬæȴ֪ͷĺ˼ַɻǧǰ
ʱһʿһ츳˵ӣɵĹ٣Ҳʦص̿ϰܹʦλãΪǣүӣһȥ̷ʦʱͻȻʦȫϣҪ˵ʱʦַȴһܸܽɱʦʱʦûʦŭ񣬷ŵǴʦַ𣬶ʱˡ
һѪ֮ǹѲڱץȻɱʦΪҪû뵽һ̣һħʿǰħʿǰȹһǰ֮ħ֮·ʼЩԥһδεıʦַϾ·Ĵʦ֣𾴵Ĵʦ󼸸ɱȫңĸ޶ڴʦֵУһʱ񣬿ʿòһ·ħΪһħʿ
˶֮꣬ǰһĳΪ벽񼶸֣һĺģһħĺģһ·ھȻǧꡣ
ʦ֣㵱ݺҵ飬һҲǣħ·ӣƵģ㲻ϲȨϲ˶㶥Ĥ𣿺ãҾͽľӪȫȡܿܣԺ󣬾ƪˣ
ѪпħʱŭȻһͷеľȫ˶ӡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 445ٻ
ʱں̫ɽһɽУΧһȦʿΧţκʿڡ
ɽУڽһʮصķ
еİ벽񼶱ֶڵϣǰһʩΧѾô߼ʯһ޴ķ̳һⲻ޴ĹâǿĳˮһӿһĴܡ
һɫۣһȾվھ޴ʯɵķֱֱվţ˫ܳɫĹâϵڽߵ޴У֧Χת
վڷм䣬ϵĬĬŷƺʩչһּΪϵķһֻֻѪɫӰżڷг֣Ȼһ˲ʧŷϵתȻءһһǿĹ˲ֱ޴Ĺͬһǿһ䵽֮յŶ˾޴ı仯һʯͷҽˮһ
ѸٳգȻ񷣬̶һһصĿռ䣬ռ䶼ˡһǿ籡ӷ
óһҫ۽ıӣ̶Ȼ򿪣Ǻͬʱһ⣬˲仯һŽɫĹĻ
ΩȲſŵ˶̹ڵϣ󺰡
ǵĺŽɫĹĻٱ仯ҫ۵Ľɫâͬʱһӿɴܣ޴˲ʮĿռ䣬ǽɫĻڼٱ仯ܿͻһɫӰӣӰӡ
䡱һΧԶĿռ˲䱻һǿѹǿ˲佫ռڳİ벽񶼸о亹乶£Լͷ̧ռ䶼ǿѹڸǣܶһμٰ벽һڱ
Ͱ벽֮Ĳɲֻǰ벽֮ң벽̺ɴأ
ΨзܹѵվźԻʱǽɫĹĻϣһεӰȵվС
ĴʹӷħʢУѪпħδҿ٣ٰ˼һѣϽſڵϣӰ˵
ӰڿУһӣŻ˵ʿһȺͰϴαѪпħɱͬʿʵĺҵһμҲˣǾٴңѵǱ𣡡
һʱ亹˵񣬲ˣ֮ٻİҲħħ̺ɱ¾еĹҪԶͨϵɱ¾ģʵڲǲǱʹڲ࣬ѪпħһҪٻħǰսħǰûʤˡϵͽȾǰɣ
һһ˿񣬵ȴ֪˵ȴҲʵû˰ģ벽Կħȷʵе˵ȥħʿͲֻ˵аħͱǿۺʿƺԡ
Ĭһ֮񻺻˵ţ˵Ҳ޵Ҫ뽫һμǲģȻĺûڻԤϣĹˣʲôطԵֵҵȥһǵʵǳƽҾͲˡǵħսҾͲϧԸˣ
һʱдϲһϵߵݡ
ȱżˣٴ֮ǰҲҪָܹңͬһǽҲֵܾģ˵ʿ׷׿иߺһᾡ
Ӱڿռܽ⣬һĻڿɢ
ʧ֮󣬿ռеɽѹˮһȥռеĽҲȻһɣ˻ӵһɫ̫ÿȻѹʵڿֲɵѹܴ
ǺǣӦֱӵֻҪӦ֣һսܶɹˣˣ΢Ц˵
˷׷׵ͷϵıҲһɡ
ղҲ˵ˣǻҪŬӦսŶԣϣλһŬУǱ֧֣ʲôλ벽񣬿ʮ֣ص˵ˣϣλһŬǲ䣬ͿҪýսˣ

ʱںϣҶʵѾͻͽˣڵʵѾͻƵ˾ڣһͿԴﵽ۷ľ磬ʵҡɥҾҲ˲СĽչһʩչɥҾʱҶ滹ļǵƿһеĸоʮ棬úõɥҾֿɵõĺöúԲˡ
ʱѵҶһȥɵԼϣűڵˮɫʹܿ͵һеﳡء
ʱѾɽ˺ЩҲֻһˣΪʵܽ뺣ļ屾Ͳ࣬ûôˡ
Ҷ潻֮󣬱㱻һʿһ߽أָĵطھ޴ĳУֿʮС̨ҶͱŵߵһĶһϽһ
̨֮ĶѾվ̨ϿҶһۿȥֻվһλĸߴʿһۣվ̨ͬһͷ׳ţһͷһƳ顣
ԷҶ棬һ䣬ͬһһ㣬һƾð˳
һԵĲʿһۣȻѯˣ˶˵׼ˣʿһ£ʱ˵ıʽʼˡ
һʼ˶û˵ĿŶԷ
ٺ١ϽĴʿЦһȻ˻һǿ⣬˲ڿһȻҶǰв֪ʱȻһɫҶҪ˹һ˲佫Ҷ嶼ţĻһǿĿռ˲ͽҶס
Ҷоһȵʱһû뵽˵ǿۻ룬ȻʱҶͬ˸һ㡣
˲ȫתڵһɹȵžֱӴܵ˫ϣ޴һ磬ͷų˵Ϣ˲ǿͻƶԷķ˲ʹӶʿеİɫд˳ǿһͨɴܿӿҶ浥һƾ˳ȥ
¡¡һ죬ռͻȻܳǿѩһѵ͡˲һ޴ĵҶһ֮˲ܳŶʿֱӴܳȥ
ʿһȴҶ˲֮󣬻ûüĶӦͱҶ˲һ޼һıöԷʱһʯ֮䣬˹һ˲ܿ˶ԷĹͬʱһɫͬ߳һҴܣҶͷųǿ˲ײһ𣬡¡¡ը첻ϵı޴ӿһǿĳɴܿ


ʮһ ۷֮· 446¿ս
˵һнӴ֮󣬱ͣûнս
ϽĸֿҶ棬ҶҲĿŶԷͨղһ˲Ľֶ֣ԷʵǿٲԼ٣ΪԷȻһɵһ֮¾ͱȵ˲٣гԽ֮ơ
ȻҪĳǿĹҪǱҲַҪȻôǿ
ϽĸֶҶʵʵʮ𾪣Ϊһ·ɱûܺԪƵʿһֱΪԼ˿ɱȣһ𾪲ѣʱѡ˵ʮǿ
ȣһ죬һǿȻܳϽĴʿаɫۻɴܣ޴һȵˮһӿ˲䰮ͻɫڿһ̽ᣬֱӴܵҶĸǰ
ҶҲȻ֣һ˲γɾʮŵâʮŵâͬʮֻǿĵһ㣬ǿ˲ͳԷ˹ȥǿٴӿ˫ʩչһ߷һߵǿͬĵĳˮһײһ
¡¡֮󣬾޴˲ײһһ幥ϴӱըӿȻһɾ޴ٷɴܣ˲ͽռ伷ռ޴ȷɴܶž޴
ײһʱûɢҶ˾ͻһǹ˲ӳһܶǿɴܣ˲͵˶ԷǰȻһؽһ˳ȥ޴ٷӿŷӿ˲ؽҵĹâ̫ͬһ㣬ǿȵɴܣҵĹâΧȻ
һһХ죬һȻɴܶ޴ٴӿļٴܳ޴һǿĵһӿ˵ΧɴܣȻԷԷۼҶһŵ˲䱻ˣ̶ռһŻΧһ׺ķ֣һǿ볱ˮһɴܳ
ءһ죬ŵ˲ͶԷײһ𣬾޴ӿȻɴܶݡһϽĴʿɣ˲䳯ȥ
Ҷ濴˲ɴܣǹһ˿Ц⣬һ̺Ѿˡ
ҶΪһ½ըɵʱȴûϵ˲֣һ˫ֱͬƤһȻһ˲̶ֱ̨еȻһһѿס̨ȻڿлһȦֱֵ˻
Ҷ۾ֱˣûôĶ֣徹ȻܹղͬƤһҶ涼סˣٴλʱҶ涼ûг֡
Ͻĸվ̨ϣۿҶ棬ŭԭΪԷʲôû뵽һ˲ͽըɣزҺһбܵľڹһ񡣲ԭûôʩչеģȴԷ˳
ȣһаɫȻ֣ȫһ˲Ҳ˰ɫһһǴһϵĲͬʱȫȻ裬ʵҲڶ̶̵˲ʹ࣬Ҷϡ
һȣȻܹڿռһӰ˲Ҷĸǰ޴ɴܶһͬһҶÿһڿſһĳɫ䣬һͬʱţ嶼˻ĲϰС
ҶҲ̳ؽûͻȻоһͷĿѣȫٵ磬վվȣʱд󾪣û뵽ʩչһоȻ깥ʮǿ깥궼ֱܴ
ûüٴγֵʱͻȻռбһǿǶۼҶѾ깥ʱдϲ˲˵ǰȻһ޴¡¡˹Ҷʱ޴Σ֮С
ڵʯ֮䣬ҶȻؽһʱһǿĹâһɫĹâؽĽ˲佫ԷԷһôʱоȫռȻһ̶һĲ˲ȫãƺסһ
Ҷǿʹ࣬ȻȻһ˦ءһ죬Էֱӱҽ˵棬һӵģͬʱҶȻһܣУתڽγɾʮŵâ̶һȻ¡¡һһʱʯɽҶһӳ֮󣬽ŵڶʮལͣ
Ҷٴ䵽ϵʱ亹乶£ΪܵһЩˣղûϵԷȻʩչ깥Ǽڽеġһ𣬺ʮУ̾ͽԼ൤ҩ̷ˡ
̷˵ҩ֮ϥ£ϵҩڴʱǴȻһ죬ǿٴܳϽĴ˲ӿܳȫѪȻղűղҶĲᡣ
һҶϥûþʹ˻һ⣬ҶȻȥһȭϲɫȵҶʱȻʹʱȥ˲֪ʲôֱ۶˲һȦǿļⲼֱۣ𣬳Уһɹǿŷӿ
Ҷ滹ûü㿪ͱһȭϣۡһһѪҵᣬʱдϲҶһȭһȭĺҶ޻֮ͬʱһȭҶ˵ȻһȭһȭȥҶȫ޴Σ֮С
ҶѾûл֮ʱеؽȻһ⣬Ȼؽ˲𣬻һǿֱӴ˳ִȥû뵽Ҷؽܲܿƾɱˣʱд󾪣Ȼˡ
ҶץסᣬȻһ죬ؽ˲صУҶ֪ؽ𵽵ãһʱʮָжͬʱҶ޴ŭ
Ҷһ˲䡰䡱һбŭ֮£תʩչħ䡷ʱƤϣһɫħɫϢٱǣ˲Ҷȫ
ҶѸٲ˾޴ı仯ȫߣƤԽԽӲһ˺ļף˫гɫĹâԽͬʱͷֻҲ󣬼һһУͬʱһ绹ӼܳƤ治ӣɫͬһ㡣
Ȼ仯ܶ࣬һжһ˲ɵģ˲ʩչˡħ䡷֮󣬶ʱǶֿҶʩչħ䡷ץȻһһӾͳҶҶ汬һȻ˫۳ؽס޴˲串ȫһɹǿԴͬǿ̩ɽһҶͷҶʩչˡħ䡷˫۵ס
Ҷ浲סĹϽʿʱһȻ
İɫûͱ仯֮Ҷһ˹ȥ˲òæֵûеסҶһٴȻһһԷѹôȥҶǻŭ⣬˿֣ڽֱƵ̨ϣȻȻһءһ˳ȥ
¡¡һը죬˱һֱҵϡ
Ҷ濴Էڵϣʱһ
ղһսҲ֪ôˣֻоԷʵǿʵ˵ʵƽѣ˼Ϊղ˶Է깥ŵ⡣
һս֮Ҷ뿪أصϾһսԪָԺ鷳
ߵʱҶͻȻһһɫɫۣ˾һŻһҫۣҶ߹ʱͬʱоһȵܹΪˡ
˾ҶߵʱĿбӡ
ҶҲڿȻһ˲ʧ


ʮһ ۷֮· 447Ϯ

ʱһϣۼŴޣľ塢Գ塢ʨ塢壬Ҳвޡ
žۼںϵĴޣ࣬ҵļ˵ǵ˶˰ɣ
˵ͷ
ǼжûͷʲôɣЩСĵʵ
һǿԷģ֮ǰ˶ε˫ɣרɼսľ棬滹ΪǾۼҪ̣ʵ֪ǾۼΪ˴ͣǰһʹ߻˵ңҪǺƽദΪݵԼӶˤˡ˷ܵ˵
Ҳ׷׹Цһϵ
ˡȻλ˶ˣǾߣһÿˣѵ
ӦȻţռѷǰƺƵһȥǰƺƴ˰֮󣬾͵˿ռѷǰʱ޿ռǾ޴Ŀռѷ죬һоȣǵһοôĿռѷ죬ǰҲѷ죬û󣬶Һܶ඼׼˲ţûռѷһԺõȶڿռС
ͨʿĿռѷ죿Գʵ˵ͷ
Ȼѷ쾹Ȼܹ㶨Ĵڣ޶׷ϲ
ΪԺ˵ǣʲôʱʧ
˷׷׸ųޡ
ˡ߰ɣһȣӦȻźɫĿռдܽȥʱһɺɫϢȻ֣Ȼܿ죬ɫϢֱӽȫ޴Ĺռͬˮһӿ޶ǷһԾռɽȥܿӿռڳһŨܵĺգ˲佫Щް
ʱڿռһͷȮ޻ھʯϣȻ󲻶ϵһߵȴŶͻȻüһоǿռƺʲô仯һʹܵǰϸһ֮󣬶ʱ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ
ãҪˣĸ֮յˣȮ޹һЦȻڿУռйȶֹΪ˶ֵĿռ䲻ȶ⡣
ܿ죬ռڴͳһźɫĿռϢźɫϢԽԽ࣬ԽԽ󣬾޴ܿӿռӿǿͬˮһܿͱ鲼ΧɫϢϵܣڿռѷһ߲ϵۣܿγһ޴壬ɫϢӿԶһƬɽľ©Ȯһʱоϲϣû뵽һξô࣬ҽϢϿԶʮǿ
ܿ졣ЩɫϢȥ¶һ޴ޣʨաԳԵȵһƬһݺᣬɷʿкܴĲ
֮һ֮£ʱдϲΪȷʵʿ򣬴ϢϾܸܳڹһʱ˷쳣һоͬһΪǵУʿСˣܹˡ
ˣȮһʱмôʵ˷ܲѣûôޣҶдϢ
ֶǰȮޣһ档
ʱȮޣ˵ĸҽܣλҲˣٵһƬռ٣ǽ컹أ
һʱһ̾мȮһʱи˲ѡ
ͷӰɣȮʵ˶һ㶣һȻЦԣǾͷӣں棡Ȼ֪ʲôһҲͣЦ˵ǵģǾͷӣں棡
Ȯһͷӣˣʱи˲ѡ
ǰʲôϣָܸæȥʵ
ȮѾĽ·ߣ˵ڵĵطк췱һ֣طʿȽ϶֪࣬ʿܿҪʼһսˡԣ֮ȲҪռ캣֮ռǣȻ󾲹䣬ȵʿĲɿʱٳ֣ͺöˣ
ãǾͰǰ·ЦǺǵ˵Ȼ̺Χһ£һ׼֮˱Ȯ޵ĴΪӺкƺƵߣһ·żһЩޣȫ֧޴Ķ֣ȥȫˣȮĻŭš
ֺƺƵõĴӺгǵʿڵسԣһи̾ѡ
ۣԣ屶̫ˣȻǺõطҾɫҲôﵽǷ籩磬дǸ߽׵޳ǣÿɸʲôľģǵðһ޾ϲ˵˵Ҳܴ޵뷨
ǰҴҲȥˡʿʵôȴҪռôõĵطʵвʣʵڷŭĺءһҲŸ͡
ǰȮҲ֪̾λ֪֪ǵǧǰʿ򣬵ȴΪĳ֣һԵƶϻҴʱͱˣһֱΪ಻ӵƬ˲ŬҪ⸴壬ս𣬼ҲϢǧ꣬ѾָԪһ̿Դ򣡡
ǰǺǣҪೢǵԳЦ
ʿҲ׷׸Ȯޣһͬӿ

ʱ첨Уһƽ͡
ȻħѾʼٽˣ췱Ϊһĺ򣬲ûܵӰ죬ҲûʲôӰ죬첨зΪӴ˺ܶʿ÷ܶʿǴŴıٽǵķչ
ʼҲڲϵԪԭܵĴѹΪħĽңܶ嶼ʼԹԵıʼһˡʱʼһʿһѲ߶ںѲߣΪʼҸ˴Щʵ΢ĲҽȥֻҴ棬ſѲߡ
ʦ֣ôоһһʿʱЩ˵
һʦֵʿüͷһ𣬵˵ͷȷʵҲо
ǰǰŨأǰҲûôŨģ϶ǷʲôʿЩĵ˵
ãȥʦ˵һ䣬ȻɣҲţշһӣͻȻǿһ˫ɫĹâһһޣ
ǻûüϸ͸о濪ʼԽԽĳɫâͬɫıʯһ𾪡
Ǿ𾪵Ŀ޽ӣڵĳ˹һӶûôޣͬˮһ޴ɫƣһһϯǡ
죬ܣʦֶʱͰ͵ĺӸһתʱоһ޴󣬶ʱͬʦֵжûгͱ޴ɣҲûֱӱǿһϿ
һҽУֱӱһԵĶ
޶ʱЦȻӵŴӳӿ첨нɫǵأ˲ͬȳһ嵽첨С첨еڶʿʱˣһƬ޴ĺѹѹĶڵ˹ȻΪħʿһŵܣȵɽˣ˲ſȻ֣ʮӴʮǿ֡
ʱʿŵܣһͷӿ޴ϵķɾ˲޾˽첨Уʿսʿʵ󶼲ǿܿͱЩ޵ĸв͡
Լֻ˰ʱ䣬첨оͱռˡ
ʿʵ̫ɱˣζҲһ޺óԵĶ࣡ʱ˫۷ŹһͨЦʮֵĿѾռ첨С
ٺ٣ǵǣҿò˶þܽռˣԳҲдϲֶ˷쳣ϲɱ¾ɱ䣬졣


ʮһ ۷֮· 448սʼ
ҶıѾ˵ڶһαսǳǩ;Ԫʿȡ˵һʤҪǩһֱӽ˵һ£ҪܳǩֱӽͲ˷ʱһпҶһαǸȫɫʿԪĴʿ˵սʱӾͽսҶҲЩΪܴģͲһˣܰѶԷɵģһӵѹƵĸ֡
̨棬ʿһӣԲ򣬴СһҲһһһڵɫģ˭óɫģ˭Ϳֱӽ
ˡԿʼˣʿ˵Ҳ׷׵˵ͷȻʼץ
ȫʿȥץȻһץһţóһǰɫСɫʱüһϲû̫仯Ҷһɫ۵ʿһۣʿȥȻһץȥóľȻҲǰɫȻ˵Ҷֱӽˡ
Ҷû뵽ԼͦõģȻֱӽС
ˡɾԪλʿսʿʲôû˵ֱӾһΣ̨
Ҷվһ߿˵սƾֱüпԪһʿȡʤȻûʲôб׼ֱ
վ֮̿ʼսʿȻһģʱΧĵȻһΣһƬɫĹâȻµĵдܳ޴ȻɴܶΧƣȻһ˲ʹȥʿƺ֪ǻ棬һһǿɫϢȻۣȻһ˲γһ޴ı̣һɫϢȻܳ٣ȥ
ءһ˲ͱཻȻȻ޴ٴӿڿб𻨺ͱݡһǻʿȻһܣ˲ʹܵʿϿգһȻܳȻһ𣬻һȨȣȻ¡ʱʿΧ׺Ĵܳ޴ĻǵأͬХһû棬˲˳Ȼ˷ʿӿ
ʿʱһХ˲ȫɫסͬɫϼһǰһӿȻɫĲϼȻͬһһſɫſһɹȵ˲ɫĹâһĳ̿޴ĻûƽϢ
Ҷʱоһǿıչ
ҶΪһҪֹͣʱȥȻʿĽ£ϳһ湹ɵУвϵӿȴܶһܣȻһֱ֮ߵĴӿʿΧסһԴɫ۴ӿʿ󾪣ܳӾ񱻹̶סһ㣬ȫˣȫסŬȴֻӭһһ޴Ļһһһӿûᡣ
Ҷ濴Ŀɿڴû뵽Ҳô໨ȻͬռһʿˣʿҲͨˣһ԰ѣʱȻĬһ˲ڵϱ޴ıȻһŵıٴܶǿһδӿȶϣ˲ڵγֻ׶ߵıԳֻԳߺȻŻʿȥ
ʿȻû뵽ԷһУͷŻеʱ嶼ûֻԳ˹ʱò̳һȻȼ̶ռһڶ޴ӿΧγһ޴Ļ֡
ֻԳȻȥû֣ͱ޴Ļֱ֣һŻȻ˹ñԳ嶼ЩܲˣʱһֻԳƺǣ˲ûΪֵĴڶȴ嶼һǿ⣬һͬһ˳޴ӿŻȥ
˵սܿս˭ȶס˭䡣
Ҷһ̴ȫûйۿԣתȥˡ

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ǣʿѸٴܳȥΧһڸһڵҪսʱˣʱдϲһĦȭƣԾԾԡ
λεҪһʱˡħ˵ǧ꣬ǧ갡սлѪծѪˣǺĴսҪʼˣλ׼ãѪпħϲõĴ󺰵
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ħһЩʿսʱͻȻһǿӿܣ˲佫ʿɱħʿһʱ׷ɢӱܣΪǿһȺ벽ɱ˹ЩħֺԼ·ʲô³
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Ҷǹһ˿΢Ц֪ԷûĻᣬ˲ʩչˡħ䡷
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ʮһ ۷֮· 450»ʤ
Ҷ˲ʩչˡħ䡷ʱеؽҲ̱ʩչħ䡷ʩչʹʵѸ˺üؽһʱһܳ壬һȻɴܣ޴ŵɴܣ˲˵ʿĸǰ
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Ҷһһͣļǿ߳һ㣬еĻʿٷɴܣǿʿѹƵֻܲϵĽУҶһһԽԽǿɴܿӿ֮£ضɫ
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ݡһȻܳȻڿȻһǿٴӿ˹ҶҧҧȻһܣһ׺̴ܳǿűȻȫһǣڵϲͷŻĻʿɴܹȥ
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գۼҶͳ嵽˻ʿĸǰһը񱬿Ҷ˶˾޴ĳðűըΣճģڣسҶ嵽ʿǰȻû˿ԥȻ֣޴ٱһͳʿ˹ǻʿѾҶǿסˣδ뵽ôǿ壬Ļǿ̶ԼһöըըһƬʿⶫһ·ģû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼһͻ߰˿ŵͬʱը
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ҶʿһȻԸ
жһ˲ʹ˹ֵǺǣϲϲ
Ҷ洭˿ȻҲ˹֣ЦǺǣͬϲͬϲ
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жһʱһ㶣ЦǺǵ˵ܵܣȷҿʮ벽ʵһҿҪԲСĿ
ҶһЦ˵ǰǫˡҪҾǰлԵ֮ǰʶٴط꣬˵ǺԵʵһ;ҪԼģʲôʦһܳɹǰұûӰ벽ѧʲôؾģ
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ʦǫˣҶЦ
ڣħѾΧˣҿ֮սͻῪʼˣ㻹ãⳡսУ°벽񼶱ĸֶЩŲס˵Щ²ʿˣԾҪģжЩǵĿգȻҶ˵ˡڴȥˣؾбõĶֻ࣬Ҫһ£ܱȵ꣡
ôҶʱ𾪣û뵽ؾǿ
ٺ٣ȥ˾֪ˣʿ˵ǽ˾ͲĺõطжЦһȻҶ泯ؾȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 451ؾ
ҶжܿͷɳȻźȥ
һ·Ҷ͸о˽ŵգһʿмٷУӸ϶£ƺѾӴˣԻвԱ·Ҳ˲ӵĴ壬Ϊûеطãļһš
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˸շɵǰͻȻожǿϢɫͱˣ׷׹˵μǰ
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ǵģһµϰһмջģڴĳɹжЦħ£ڵøϳȥһɣ
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ʱںıأħʿΧסһɱڣҵսһʿҲһŶɱڵħʿ˫ʿ֮䣬һռѡ
ħڣʵħﶼûгϿգڼоĲʩչ
ʱѪпħڿУʮλ벽񼶱ĸΧߣһֹϵʮֹϣͬԭʼһʮֹϻɬķھҲĹһЩ赸ͬһ㣬ȫϵĶ
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ܿ죬ôɫٵӶγһ޴ĺɫԲ̣ʱѪпħţǵھ赸仯ԽԽ죬޴ӿÿռгǿı仯
ռо޴ı仯ðǵı仯ɫԲҲʼϵתܿ죬תԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬̶ܿγһ޴ĺɫУ󣬺ܿͱһǿĺڶ͸ٿӿһǿٴӿΧʼϵıڶա
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Ѫпħע⣬ĺڶֵһǿԴգΪϸǵһռʵһֹķ󷨣һֻҪƻһ۾ͿԣĴƻһ۸ûãҪͬʱе۰εſԣϺĿռ伫󣬸һһۣ滹кܶʿҪƻֵһ㺣ǲɵġ
Ѫпħʱ˼ʹúڶƻ󣬽ȫƻǲлᡣ
ܿ죬ǵĲϼǿڶԽԽԽԽǿĽԭת˹һٵת֮£ڶľ޴ЧԽԽˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 452¾۷
źڶٶȵԽԽ죬ΧƻҲԽԽԤҪﵽ׻ٻĳ̶ȣҪŶʮ졣
ʩչ֮Ѫпħλ벽񼶱ֲݴתԼʣµĵ鿴ֹͻ䡣󣬺ڶѾ˺ܶ࣬ڱʿʿſռеĺڶûʶħģΪڶȻ֣ڶӦúֱܿܳ仯ʧ뿪ֱʮʱǿڶԽԽǿ󣬶ԽԽǿרųźģʱֵ󱨸߲㡣
˾飬ʶ϶ħĹħʩչζħѾ׼úˡ
ⲽȻҧҧжˣ򳷻ȼݵĴûеǸóֵҲҪ֣
²ðɣҪȵ򳷻ĴлأóȻʱһǾͱܵлģǷǲΣյңҿǻǾܶһһȵĴˣٶ֣ʤʻߺܶأһ벽ʿЩ˵
ʿˣҲв÷׷׵ͷģϾھͿսҪð÷ʵ̫ˣȥΣպܴһʧܣͻᵼȫ̵߱ġ
ˣ˼һǰҲ޳˵ģԲһζķضûнڿǲеģһȥܻᱻԷûʿʿʮĶһûʿٶʿҲпܱܡ
УھҪôս׼ˣûʱħƵſڣ취ƻǴһƻûӦս׼ʱǧ̻֮ѨӰ쵽ʿʿһ䣬϶ֱӱռ죬ȥ֧ԮĴˣѾܣҲûãԣڸλ˼һӦսɣ˿Χİ벽֣ص˵ڣǸλоӢɳһӦսǶʼ׼ս
ǣʿһȻ𷢻ˣҲֻиˡ
ܿ죬˾ɢȥſյĴ˫Ŀһ⣬Ĺâһֵһ

ʱѾһƬ޺еķˡ
Դ첨Уҽ첨ռ֮ɱ㶼ʼŬϿУ˺ǲһ޵Ķ֣Щʵǿ󣬶ұ̺ž޴һʿֿܵˣ߰˸ʿһ¶ȡЧɴӿʼֿ壬ֻʱ䣬֮ɶӴˣֻһƬʿʬ塣
ܿ죬ǳִģϮܿʹ˳Χļϵʿӵŵһû뵽ôأѸһ֧սһྫӢʿ
һ߲㱨﷢飬һ֯ʿԿܿ޾ʹһһӴŷ֣ʿͲԶһ߰˲ĸ֣ҲܶԸһ޶ѣҲ˵ظ֣ǺܶΧһܿ˴룬ȴû𵽶ãɱ˼ֻѣ̬أܿʹ˳ȥΧʿҲ׷Ӵܣ׷׾ټҰǨ
ʿǴ˼֮󣬾ͷһ£Ǿƺûд㵽ȥɱʿ˼֯ʿÿδ֮Щ޶ռϷ⣬Ľ˻ȥʤ׷˵жΪ˿˵ܻкܵ⣬ΪĿǰжޣ᲻ӣЩǲֻΪûе湥һ˱Ľ
ĿǰڶʿĽίߣûоֻһ޵ķչҪҪ߲ǲԮ
Ǳռ֮󣬼ܿͳѣһ³ɥ֮Ȯ

ʱҶƺЧܺã治ϵץʱʵһǧˡ
ҶѾﵽ˾ڵ۷̶ȣֻССһܴﵽ;۷ĵزˡ
Ҷ治ϵһϵĳӿ޴гˮһӿгɴܣܿγ˾޴Ҷǣ£޴žϵתСʹ죬ڼٻ
ܿ죬ҶͻȻоһȵĸоϱһܣܿɢ̶оԼԽԽȣǱһһɹȲܣͬʱҲһɫ΢⣬зһ
ֳȵĸоҶܣһǿðоԼƺܿˣһֱԶĸתеǿĺһӿȣһڷɴܲ
ڣҶȻоȫһƬγ˲һʮľ磬ƺһ˲Խһȣͬ˲ֽ⣬Ȼ˲ϣȵһδϯҶ˶һֹС
ͻȻҶȻۣ۾һɽɫĹâȻһһɫĹâٷɴܣܿʹܽȫҶȫ˽ɫĹâһһƵĽɫâһϵתƤϵת
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һ΢ı죬Ҷһҫ۵ĽɫâԶһһ㣬ɫâлž޴ءɫâԽԽǿԽԽȻһ˲֮ҫ۵Ľɫâ˲ͱըһȥ¶Ҷ塣
Ҷһڵ۷ˣ
ʱѾ˾۷壬һܽʮصٽ㣬Ͱ벽ֻ֮ңľ룬޶꣬лˣԽĽӽʿ۷壬֮ңͿվ۷ˡ
Ҷ濴ΧŨԼǿʱоϲѣ룺طȻʿã֪ҪӾߵ۷壬ǿʮѵģ鵤ҩص֧֣һ·ҶҲпǧҺμӵ⡮޵߱ǺǰһȥչصĻ϶û˵Ľˣ
˾۷֮ҶʵѾռд˰ˣҶ죬۷ľȶһ£Ȼٿʼһ߸ɴȥμս
֪ôûȥħĴսôˣûдһࣿҶ˼ţܴһ࣬ԼлⰲĵأǰǣʿʦؾҪʿĸûɾʹˣʱ첻Ӧеصز顣
Ҷ泤һ


ʮһ ۷֮· 453ºȮ
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Ѿ׳£кУ޵ϢʹԭɽˮǱ
ǵһɽϣ̨ͤ¥ɽΡ룬һʥ֮һܲڵأʱѾռ죬ΪԼʹˣյ϶һֻֻ޴ޣΧܶ෿Ҳ޵ѡ
ʱһУʤ޴ͭװ˺þƣߺȱģʮ˷ܣһҲϲ
λôռΪһ壬ʵλ࣬Ⱦλһ˵žԳͶ󶦣Ȼ󡰹˹ˡľͽľƺȹˣ˶ʱֽкá
ȻԳôˬ²ʵڶԲҲһڣ˵ţñӾһͭľƣ˵Ҳ˹ˡ¹࣬˷׷׽к
ƣ˵ʹ졣
һţݡһͽƺ˸⣬˶ͨΪ׷׾ٱлô壬ûжǡҪ˵ӦøлģλȮǰû򿪿ռҲûлɾڣûлȾƣһȮǰһ
Ȯһ̫ȾƣҲƴǣһһڡ¾ƣԼĵһ⣺λʲôʱʼһжʿڵǿʮֹһССǸʲôҪȥռ򣬳ħʿڴս鲻ʱλӦúһŬʼµĵطǲжһȵħ꣬ڳԸǣǾˣ
λһ׷׿ô˵һľƶȹ⣬ȻЩ˵ǰҪżҪߵȴ򣬲ΪӪսԣһһţôżţڵǶ֣δżҲûã
Ǵʲôʱ򵽣Ȯ޸ϽʵһʱܸоˣˣÿʼƺûӰӣЩ򣬸˼ȡûнһսƻƺֻΪ˲ϵģֽԵĹӣʿ֮սҲΪֻҪʿأǱҲɱˣһȺôܳɴ¡
˵׼££һ꣬Ͼǰ˽ôҪһڵ飬ʮֹ֮ҲҪʱ䣬ż˵ңʿʵôܽɱ̾ҿĸҽ£
Ȯһû뵽λѹûʿʱһŭΪ֪ʿеİ벽񼶱𣿳ʵԲڿֻʿеײʿѣһ벽񼶱ĸֻû
ٺ٣ðɣа벽񼶱ĸֺǸˣħûдڶ̫Էע⣬ǾǵвɱҪ˵תУɱǳԴˣҪľǵȣǴɱĲˣȥ֮
ȮһѾȲˬˣԷı飬ûȫͶԷսģ˵ٿҲûˡתȥȮеĲһû⡣
ǺȾƣһ˱ֿʼȾơ
Ȯ޳֮󣬿ɽͷſŵĺһʹܵ˺ߣԶϦЩį䡣
Ȯ޺ʱЩ֣ôˡǰЩһûʱÿ춼ǼȵĵȴţǺòˣôǰ̾ģǰûľˣƺ˺ܶ࣡
ĻȮ޶ʱ̾˿ǰڴʱиɾģˡҷûʲôɾˣΪŷ֣ڴĶʵ޴ұһħԽޱ׺ɱֱӽ֮񣬸߸ͽЩСʿȫɵ򶼱۰£ȻѸͷչһзչ׳ҶԸʵˣû뵽ʵȴЩһҿûռʿ˼ռһ߼򡫣
Һܺ棬Щôôûû֪ǲԶˣʵҲ޴󣬲֪ΪʲôǲԸʱǧѷĻᣬʿսڲɱõĻᣬȴΪʲôѵЩʿ·չȮƺ˲ٵŭϲĶԺ˵˴һͨȮޣ˵Ȼתͷ߽ȥϦ
Ȯ޿ı飬ȫںӣʱҲ˵ˡ̾˿ʲô
û뵽Ȯ޻ôʣԥ˵ȥҵˣ
Ȯ̾һðɣҸɣȥ˰ɣ
ģʱһȣǰȮҲ뿪ԼģξȻôˬľʹӦˡ
һΪʲôôˬɣȮ޿źԴ˵ΪѾˣҸϣҪˣһֱ㣬ȥˣǶˣҲڰѸҪλϣҲˣô𣡡
һЩʧ䣬֪ͷȻʲôˣܺãһʱദһүүһԼ뿪ˣЩ˸ˡһ˷ܶһԸҪʧˣ˭ʮʹġ
߰ɣȥǸСȥŵĿ¶ﲻˣȮĳĶԺ˵վӣԶϦЩԥȻԥĲ߲ߣҪҪھߡ
ôߣȮ޿źЩԥӣʵǲҴһиˣ
ҡҡͷûʲôֻǾЩ
ȮһʱСЦжһ˿į䣬Ҳɣ˾ͻÿˣ˲һɱĻ£ҹ˾ҪµģҲʲôģֻһεùѣԺлģ
ˣ˵ͷðɣԸԺܼ棡˵źȻչᣬҪߣȴһ̱Ȯ޽סôˣ
ǣҽһΪôõıɣ˵Ȯ޴ԼͳһСƿӣСƿӳɫ΢΢ĹâһҲϵɢһǺñר鵤Ҿôһţ֮ʵо޴
˵žӸ˺˵ͷȻ̳һ̵ҩ̶Ȯ޽ںϣһɫĹâҫ֮󣬺ܿһʹӺðһźɫϢϢͰ޴嶼ɫȻɫâڽ˺
ȵһڹ֮󣬺ȫȻո£ëҲ񱻲ϴһͬʱǿƴӺϱ̩ͬɽһˣʵ˲
ۣʲôҩ֮оȫ˺ܶ࣡ϲĸоȫȻȮ޸л˵лǰ
ţȮ޵˵ͷ
ٴչᣬһУȻһȣ˲𣬳ȻʹڣȻȮ޿źӰ̾һɰɣɰɣչ᰿裬ˣҸģֻǿϵĶѣҶ氡Ҷ棬ǵùˣ
չһƬżҶ龰˷Ѿһˣμ滹֪ʲô仯أţһȲȻȣٳǰȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 454
ں棬һ֣ܵԭ;޴Բ̺ڶʱø󣬾޴ϵĴӺڶðΪ޴󣬵򶼳˾޴Ķһٷɴܳ޴ҪȥһеЩȶһЩС޴Ūƫ˹кܶɽ𲻶ϵı
ʱǵĴѿʼһ˿ž޴ϱһɫɫƲϵźɢ޴άȶһϽǿһӿʹúԶһɫĴԲ̡
ռһδܣȻﲻϵڿռзԿ
ʱںڲʿѾָĵ棬Դħţ˫ƺڵȴȴĴսսʱпչΪںѾ˲ȶʱһŨأһϡΪ˵ĺڶϵӰ죬ʹú˾޴Σ֮С
ʱѪпħһȺħ벽վһʿУֶĴʿѾ˷ܲѡΪڵĽȿĴܿͻᱻƵΧĴҪ²ܴﵽһһʱκʱƵħĴսҲǿʼˣʿԴ

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һ벽񣬿ħɫأ֪죬ħҪʽӴˣһӴ϶һѪȵɱ˫ʧڰ£ǧʿǧħʿһ𣬲⣬ɱ¾Ⱦǣһ뵽սʬƯһЩ̣ģսǼǧһΡ
һôģսħӪʱֹһĻҪٴݣʵĻ̣սսħƲĴͳûû㣬ⷨԹžѾˣⳡս֪᲻ħһս϶Ҫʷһս
˫ԴѾһǧʿչ󷨷̶ֲϵ֮ս
ʱѾԱںɴܴеҩеʯźĺѾսʱ״̬
ʱһһĹȥͷϵĺڶԽԽǿһ޴һ˿ŷ۶Щסϵضһɢݳ֧źͺڶԿҶףֻʱѡ
˫ĶںһƬ󣬵ȴŴͷ϶˵ĺڶյһѣҲǴս֮ա
ܿ죬ʱ͹ȥˣ˫ȴûһ˿һķںϵĴٵĲϵԽԽȶڡ͡һʼʱ˫ŲĶŴ
Һãܿˣһ֮󣬿ʼԽԽƵĳͣٵ󣬶ͻһâҫֹͣ˫
ϣĶͷҲϸһ˫۾ĶŴ󣬰ħħ۵һۣǧ궼ûʦܣǧǰħ֮·ʱǵúʦڱִ֮ǰ񣬳ŭ飬ΪɱʦܵļˣȻ޻˱ˣʦܱħ˾ߵʱ¾һҪɱ
Ϊʦܵʵ̫ˣ
Ϊɹˣû뵽ʦܵͨô󣬼ζûʦˣһΣζҪɱҪȻԺجνڣĥ
ȻԶȻѪпħ۾ȴʮĸоѪпħ۾һ˫ŭԹ۾һ˫۾ֱܹܹץסĿڣ¡
ʱѪпħֶҲԶԶĿźһҴۣ֪޲ʦ־档ʦΪһˣʦִãʲôΪʦõˣȴû뵽ʦȻ飬񹲷ߵ飬ʦʦֲкʦһʮСˣʮ̰£ʼ塣ں͸ǧˣŭѾǧˣڵԳ
Ѫпħ۾Ѿ˳ɫâǾ޴һ㣬ʱϵʮһħʿҽӽΪ̫ˣκη壬ʱѪпħˡ
ڵѾվ˱ıԵƺ˶Թ޶Ҫһйһͷʮޡ
Ѫпħ˶ֱֱĿŶԷǺĸоԷϢһսضս
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˶ŶԷʱͻȻĴһ춯֮󣬴˲ʧ˲֣˼ĲȶƺѾվ˱ıԵʵо˶ľĿŴ֪ĴҪˡ
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󲻶ϵĳ֣ϵʧƵԽԽ죬˫
ڣһ죬ͷȥһ˿Ŵͬʱźڶɽȥǿϯ˲佫Ǵ󶼸ˣǿ˲ɣѾӵʯ
ЩͷڶգһΪ̫ӵ˺ڶĶڣһ޴ը죬һ˲֮󣬺ĴѾȫʧˣǱȥ߲һ㣬ı©ڶħʿĸǰħʿʿ֮ϰʧˡ
˫һ̾ȻЩ㶵ĵĿŶԷ˺ܾ׼ڷʧˣǷЩ㶡
ݡ
ݡ
ȴѪпħڴʧĵһ˲̳嵽һ˶ǰ벽еǿ֣ٶϸǾˡ
Ѫпħ˫۳ĳɴܣͬʱһž޴Ȼӿһǿб䣬ͬһǿ̫һɫĹâϴӿһ˵Хһɢ޴ϵɢһӿѪпħΧĿռ䶼һ͵״̬Ѫпħŷɴܣ޴񱬷Χʿ׷ױãϾһİ벽֮ľսǱҲ˲䰮
ķҲѷɫһŰɫĹţҵĹâǿĹâ̫ͬһУѪпħ˿طɴܣǿԾ˵ٶȷɴܣ޴ҲѪпħͷ˾һһ׵ǣײȥ
ڿʱͬʱ֣˲䣬ǿȻײһǿ޴Ĺâһײһʱ򣬾Ȼһ˲ϢȻһ˲䣬¡¡һҫ۵ĹâȻȻ󲻴ǿĹâӳÿʿħʿϣÿ˶ʶ仹űǿĶʵʵԻء
˶סˣǱ벽ĵһνֱǿֱˣǿŴŷɴܵ磬һӿȵ纣ХѩһһƬǿرһͬʱռ䶼˾޴ĻԴСÿγжǴеһҶһв沨
Զʿ׷״ܻۣŬתԼķԼϾʵ̫ǿˣһν֮˶࿴ŶԷûнŽ֡˵һν֮ħߵʿɽХһĺ̶һħʿȻͬѩһŶӿۿһɱҪˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 455ħս
ʱںڲҶ򻹲ϵš
ؾвϵĹԼ壬ʵöѾԽԽСˣΪܿӦڲϵÿռԭŨȵѾٵĺڳƽˣգ˵ǰһˡ
ҶҲȹ嵽۷ʵ֮󣬺ܿ;ȥˡ
һȻŰ׹ٵĴܵĳڴȻһС͵Ĵͷǰȴһӣ֮ٴӷд֮ܳ˲о˺Ĳ࣬˵ؾ֮оǴ󺣵Ļǻߵɳˡ
ڿռһӣΧûһˣԭʿҲˣԶһƬյģҲû⣬ӿһܣʹ˳ɵ˺֮Уһٴ֮ܿͷˣûˣҲûˣԭֵĺھȻ쳣ĿտһȹҪտΪӰʵЩ֪롣
Ҷٵķţһ·ķɵԵʱ򣬲ڿһʿһʿתҶ濴ʿ˫۳ģʱһףħʿ
˿ҲҶ棬Ǿ۷ʵȻǾڣҲ˿η壬һɫǹ˲ʹܵҶǰȻһȣгǹҶȻһͱ͡ɫȻܳһǿٱĹ켣Ȼɴܣ˲䣬һǿɫҶǰһҶֹ
Ҷһʱˣû뵽ʿʩչľȻǺƵͬУҶսԼ嵽˾۷֮ʵΣȻеؽŶħʿȻ˲䣬ؽϣһ޴ɴܣǿ磬͡һ˲䱬һƬ޴޼
Ҷ˲ʩչ޼ͶԷɫײһ𣬡͡¡¡޴ըȻըǳɫ类ըҷɣҶ޼ȴһ룬ֱӳŶԷ˹ȥ˶ʱһûҶеҪۿ޼ʱ׳һɫӣӳ֮˲ͽΧ׵գ޼ܼ׵˲ͳɫӵĿвͣմ
ҶʱһʲôǵһֶȻܽ޼ȫɵ
ٺ٣ûɣСӣǼ洫ı飡ħʿҶľȣʱ˵
ðɣ洫ģܿͳҼ洫ˣҶЦһȻٴ˲֣廯һڹ⣬ڿ׾̤֧£˲ʹܵ˸ǰ̶ؽȻһ˲䣬ؽϵǷӿѩƬһܳؽ粼ͬʱ޴ĹâͬС̫һĹâӿǿҶȻһ𡱵һؽȻһǿ磬ܳһ˲䣬ռ䶼״̬
ǿѹӵϴܳһɹɾ˵ͬʱٷɴܣöħʿоվСǰһв첻ѡ
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һ죬һ˲仯ŵŵǿĵŲͬĹ켣һĿȥ޴ıڶǿɽХĳ˲ͽְΧסˡ
˶ʱ󾪣ҪܣΪʱŵܳΧģûиκλᣬ˲бÿռ䶼һ֮Сħʿֻܳı
ŵǿգʱС˺ܶ࣬ͬʱгǹȻռһɫĵҲܶ˲ռ䶼ǵӿ
ءը죬ױһ㣬˲ʿΧըըѾСˣ𲻵ãҶ˵ʲôΪɹƽ⿪ҶնʱͻȻءһը죬ҶȻըĳܳͬʱǿؽǶһ㣬˲̽
ʱ۾ɵϴ󣬲˼ĿҶ棬ȫ벻ףҶѵģȻֱӺᴩըⱬըǿȻֱǿ
ٺ٣˵ˣ洫ܿҪҵ洫ˣû˵ɣҶ濴˵ɵϴۣʱдΪ泩Ȼһܣ˲鲼Уһ߳ءľͽħʿʬը
Ҷ˲ܿɫı飬ⶫͦȤȻһף˲䳯űȥһӴ˲ͱˡ
ţǸñҶϲĽⶫװ
ҪߣȴΧѾսʿħĶУ˵ħĸһЩһȺħʿһȺʿսܿͲҶ棬һʿҶķӴܣ߰˸ħʿΪڰ˾صӡʿûܳԶ˲ͱһɫǹֱӹᴩֱֱĿҶ棬Ҷǰ
ҶЩƣΪʿһ׷߰˸ʿ׷׽ĿŲϣһսǲˡ
߰˸ħʿ˲ʹȻǾרҵѵ˸˽ҶΪγһֺΧ֮ƣеķ϶ˡ
Ҷ澯ĿЩˣԼʤʣãʤʻеģϾЩ˵ʵôǿ
Ȼֵʱ򣬶ԷȴȳˣһʿȻӳһɫӣɫӳҶ漱ٷɴܹҶû˵ؽȻ֣Ȼһ˲䣬һ˺ɫϣءһɫ
ΪɫƺҪʱͻȻǱעʻһźɫֱӽ⧲ҶҶʱһȻؽȥÿһʱ򣬶˺ɫӰϣƺɫĴֻоһǿѹ˲ϯռ䶼
ҶʱŭеؽٴӿһһŴȥȴ˿ʹѹԽԽǿҶжҲܵ˾޴Ӱ졣
㲻˷ʱˡħŪģԽԽһħʿʱЦȻΧħʿһϣ
Χ˸ʿʱ׷׳űħŵҶһǿͬһҶϯһ˲䣬ֲͬĹ˲佫Ҷûˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 456ͻҳ
ô๥ͬʱϮҶʱŭϵǿ˲˳
ʱŭȻһХʩչˡħ䡷㡣ʱȫȻ־޴ı仯ȫȻһȦһǿɫħϿٵƽһɫϢҶ嶼һɿȵĸо޴ȻΧĿռҲʼ޴
ҶҲȫƤɫͬƤһӲ޴һױʵ˳˲͸Ҷǿš
Ҷġħ䡷ʩչ֮øô๥ͬʱ˹ҶȫǿȻһǿĳֱӳռǿȻڶ๥һ˲ײһ𣬡¡¡ǿ˲ӿϯ޴Ȼǿͬ˵ĺХһҶħʿʩչĹ˲ͱǿĳһȦȦըĹ⻷ҫ
һĳҫȻһ˲䣬ȵһĳɢȥҶȻڿռд˿ûгȫɫħϵĻͣȵһϯΧռ䡣
Χħʿһʱһɴ۾ǺʿսʮΣδôǿĸ֣Ǽ˺ĹȻöԷˡԼˮƽԼƽһҲħӢһζҶĹ˵ȫһδ𺳡
ǻ㶵ʱҶһȫɫħȻڶħͬһȻؽڣźɫĺħȻءһǿɴܲ޴ϵķɴܣһһӿȶͣĳ
ٺ٣ħǴ򲻿ģһħʿҶľٶʱЦʿҲЦ˹ЦʱͻȻҶȻ֮£͡һʱǺħ˲䱻һɫȻЩס
ħʿʱ󾪣һħʿһ
ʿҵ׷ٴйһǿŷɴܣɫźҶҹһθ׺񱩣ǵĹûеҶǰʱҶȻһȻؽءһȻǺħֱըǿӿ
Ҷ廯һڹ⣬˲һܣ¡¡޴ը첻ϱһӿڱܿһιͬʱҶڿȻһһߣ˲ʹܵ˼ħʿǰؽȻһ޼ӿܳǿӵʱΧһƬ޴׵֮Уǿӿһ޴׵˲佫ħʿֱըƬ
ħʿ׷ȴû뵽Ҷʵǿ󣬵ʱһ𾪣ȫս⡣
ҶȴѾŭȻͬʱת޴˲ӵзܳȻؽ֮УǿӿؽҲȻһǿİɫ⽣ǿɴܶͬһС̫һҫۣյΧʿɫס
նҶһؽȻһ죬һǿĵ˲ʹؽзɴܳ޴ܶǿ˲䱬һšΧ˱ܵħʿ˲ȥʱΧһ׳ĵգ۾ͽʿΧ£ءıըڶһ裬Χļħʿȫը
Ҷ濴Χһʬ֫ĺһؽɴܡ
ʱߵħʿԽԽ࣬ʿƺסħʿĽ˲ϵڲȴҶ滹ûе棬Ѿħʿֵв㡣Ҷһ·ɣܵħʿĽЩʿѾ˾۷Ҷ˵ʲô
Ҷʱ뷨ǳԶһƬǷ֮أûзɳԶ͸о˾޴ѹΪΧһƬɱѪԽԽܼ۾һɨȻޱ޼ʵӣһըԶĿܼпռ䣬Ҫܹȥð÷վԲС
ҶΣòѰ취ӱĵطɣһ·ΪСĵĳһɴܣܿͷֲɵħսѾȫչһ۲ϵķɴܲ޴ӿͬһſС̫һ㣬Ҷ涼С֡
ڲϷеʱͻȻһħʿħʿʮˣΪǰ˾أǸϹȥ׼Ԯħʿ·ͻȻҶ棬ʱΧЩɱѾɱۣҲ߶ʮһҶ͹
ȵһһ񳤽ȻҶ漱һ߰˵ɫİɫоһɫһٷɴܹڿмٷתӿ֮ʿҲ̳֣һʿȻһ˦ޣǳ˲䲼׵磬ǿ׵ȻҶϯ⻹о޴ķɽɳʲôġ
Ҷ⼸ӿ˹ʱ򣬾֪̳֣ؽȻһһǿĵ˲䱬Ȼŵ׳ĵǿȻΧȥ޴Ȼӿͬһӿȥ
ŵ罫ħʿȻ飬ءı첻ϵըħʿû뵽ҶʵǿһѾ߱˿ɽƺӣصʵ׷ײˣҶȴһȣ˻һڹ⣬˲ӭ৵һ£һᴩһħʿؿڣ˲佫ħʿͱһ͸ħʿֱֱĿҶ棬ƺҶ澹Ȼôһɱ
ʱһʿɴܹеĺɫǹ绷Ʋ͵˹ҶץʿȻһףħʿʱͬһҶһ㱻˳ȥ͡һֱֱǹᴩҶʱһʧˣһ˲䣬ֳһʿĸǰʿձܿͱҶֱӵסʱ󾪣鼱֮£һһ˲䱬ءһź¡¡ը죬ֱӱ
ӵĺܿ죬ҶúܽûüʿһըҶϣʱдϲҪϣһҶŭݣˣһʱͬ˹һһ԰סʱҶȻһ̶Ȼһһͽʿꡣ
ҶһطɴܣʱΧ߰˸ʿնɱʣµʿһʱĴӴܣҶǼءը죬ħʿ˲˷ɻҡ
Ҷǹһ˿ЦؽҪһɴܣոմܳʱɫͱˡΪʱԶһһ۵ʿֱֱĵĿһֲɱ⡣
Ҷʱɫ԰ףȫŶʿһʱд󾪡
ΪʿȻһ벽񼶱ĸ֣ղնɱħʿĶ˿˿Ҷ棬ǹһ˿ЦݣҶƾֱܸоһҪ
ҶǵһκͰ벽񼶱ĸֽսʵѾ˴ȵԼҲ벽ֻһ֮ң֪һ֮ңľ룬Ĳȴٱ֮࣬û˿ʤԸ벽
һһˣô
Ҷ۾ĶŰ벽񣬻ͳؽ
ȣʱŭȻһХʩչˡħ䡷㡣
ܲӮһսѾûˣֻܶʱȫȻ־޴ı仯ȫȻһȦһǿɫħϿٵƽһɫϢҶ嶼һɿȵĸо޴ȻΧĿռҲʼ޴
ҶҲȫƤɫͬƤһӲ޴һױʵ˳˲͸ҶǿšҶ治ϵļǿħ䡷תһɫȻܳҶϹ˾޴ħ֡
Ҷ治֪ûսʤԷֻƴȫ


ʮһ ۷֮· 457·벽
Ҷʩչħ䡷ħİ벽ʿЩ㶡
ħʿʵղſնɱħʿǺӣԼЩЦԼʿҲħʿ˿¾ˣ
жԷȷʵʿоͲˣϾնɱħʿսУһʵǿڰ벽Ѿ˿ɵˣβɱϵħʿ²١
ôһ룬ħ벽ֵʱŭȻһ̨˲䣬ȫʼһɫ磬ڼ̺ʮ־ˣԶڶսľսΧսʿҲ׷׳һӱܡ
͡ħ벽ʿĺɫԽԽǿ˳һǿһӿ˲ÿռв˾޴ĽҶʱͬվΡɽǰһС벽ǿʱ˲ټɵ
ħ벽ֿҶ棬ǹһ˿ЦûżǲϵĴ߶ڵľٿӿǺɫԽǿһȻûбһʿľսˡ
Ҷһʱѹû˿ȴ˼ûȴһȥеؽȻһǿͬ籩һϯҶӻûгȥѾ߰˵˳ȥΧһƬռȻ˾޴ΧС
ħ벽ʿû뵽Ҷ澹Ȼ˴󵨣ȹʱŭȻһݡһеĺɫ˲ȥһ޴ĺɫأӥգۼʹܵҶĸǰȻǿȻϯһ˲䣬Ҷ͸оһɽ˹һʩչ߰˵˲ײڴɽϣȻһ¡¡ıըǴɽײһ𣬼̶޴ıը¡¡ıȴֻţ뺣һ㣬أӥ˲գҶĿɿڴ
һ˲䣬أӥֱ˵ҶǰҶеΣգҪܣȴʱоһǿĿռˮһ˹˲书Ҷͬ޴ѹѹһȫθ⵽˾޴ѹأӥĿѹ󣬼ֱȼ˼һٲҪɫأӥ
Ҷ治ҳɣ̽еͷųʱһɺɫͬʱܳľ޴ռͶɫأӥͷųĿռ伷ѹײһ𣬶ʱҶ˺ܶ࣬ԭǿѹ˲ʧҶдΪοͻȻһǿϯҶһ̧ͷһֻأӥ˲Ѿܵǰʱд󾪡
ৡһҪʱ̣Ҷ˻һߣܿأӥĹ
ħİ벽ʿȻüëһû뵽һﾹȻܶ㿪ĹеǺɫƺʲôĹЧܽأӥͷŵǿѹռȥһССľ۷ʿȻܶס벽񼶱ֵѹռ䣬ʱдŭͬһ㡣
ৡһ£ħİ벽ʿȻ˫ָһȻһǾ޴أӥͻһ⣬ٴγҶ׷ȥ޴ӿ˲ٴͷѹռ䣬ҶȻѾ׾̤ʩչ˼£Ȼɲǿأӥܵ޴ٴαѹռҶʩչƣƽԼ
أӥͷŵԽԽǿն޴ѹϿʼðһ磬ƺɢļʱһû뵽أӥʵôǿ󣬶ʱŶǺˮʱҪӵĵطܲأӥȥһԼҲ군
Ҷмתһͳؽ֪أӥ㲻깥һ깥Ļһλᣬ㲻ٳɣ̽еؽȻһһɫĹâǿأȻһɽ˲佫أӥ̴͡ӿбǿȻӿأӥ˲ͻһźɢ
һһʱǰ벽񼶵ĸӶɳˣһο龰أӥԼ깥ҲǰĺöôܱһصʿһӸɢأ
⣬ô£ʲôһʱ벻ͨдŭ
Ҷһʱϲû뵽ⶫ깥⣬ֻҪ깥Ķ֡أӥ깥ҪȻؿ϶ˡ
дɣȴħ벽񼶱ĸִһܣ
Ҷʱ󾪣˺滹һأ̼תǿпӿ޴ӿ廯һǿڹ⼱ٷɴӱܣͬʱоһǿ׷Ϲʱһ£ٿܡ
ʱҶİ벽֣һǰһ󣬻ǲϵķɴܣһٴӿǧͬʱսĴսϲϵطɴܡ
ҶʩչԼǿĹħİ벽񼶱ʿҲ˿һҪɱҶ棬׷ᣬطɴܣҶŬϾΪ̫󣬺ܿ컹Ǳǰ벽񼶱ĸ׷ϡ
ȣ벽񼶱ĸȻһ˻һǿĻ棬ڿͬһһٷɴܣһƬٿ쭣ȻһһȻǿٿȻܲҶŤͷһֻһ޴ĳɫܹǿȻɴܿӿ˲Ҷȫǿ硱һǿĳɫȻ޴ĳҶըڿй˼ͣۡһҶȻһѪ
ǰ벽񼶱һҶУʱЦһٴƣʱɫĻȻܳǿܳ޴ǿĳٴγҶȥҶ˶Ǳ紵Ƥһڿмٷϵ³Ѫ
СӿΪһؾɱùһ벽㵱̫ˣβҶԲҰ벽Ϊħİ벽񼶱ֵʱŭҶ˿Цһһϵķɴܳ޴ͬӿһ㣬ÿռг˿񱩵
Ҷ汻һɹɾ޴ͬһҶһڿռط޴һδγϣǿȫθܵ޴ĳҶٴʶԼͰ벽񼶱֮Ĳ࣬Ѿʵսˡħ䡷벽񼶱ĸ˵ǲĲһǰ㡣౻ͬһʹϵһδγ
ҶΪԼҪ군ʱͻȻһǿϯħ벽񼶱ĸִȥ˲仯ɫľڿбǿ˲ϮǿȻҲһλ벽񼶱ĸ֡


ʮһ ۷֮· 458۷Ծ
һʮͻأħİ벽񼶱ʿʱ󾪣òڳĳϮɴܹĵطֵһһǿĳɫâȻγһ֣ǰȻһͬһƬ룬ǿٴӿ˲ħʿĳɫײһ𣬡ءشܶһǿԴȻӿһ𣬺¡¡ı
Ҷ汾ΪԼҪˣû뵽ͻȻڽҪʱ̣ħʿֹͣ˽̷ɴһȻ˳ȣ̶û˵˲ܿʱǾѾһ˲֮Ͷħ벽ʿײһ
벽ܿɱһ벽۸һͨصǿˣϱһǿ𻨣ͬǿĺХһӿ޴ЯŷƣʹΧռ䶼˾޴ĳ֮С
ءһ죬һӰһʹܵҶĸǰҶһʱһʦ
жҶ棬˵ͷСôˣ֪Σգ˵һ۷ģǰ벽Ҳп䣬Ͻȥ˵ţֺһ˲һɫȻǿž˵ĳ˲ӿһߵĿռ䣬ħ벽Ҳó֣жһֱײһ𣬱ĳ˲Χʿ
ߣʮΣգʿѾռ·磬浽ħʿΪõıȱȽǣϽĵĺϳ壬͵˵жһٴγȥ
ҶһʱЩƣ֪ж϶ûΣղ벽񼶱ĸ־һӡ
һӲȥˣҶЩƣ廹ˣǻغŰɣ
ôһ룬˱Ȼһ⺣ȥ·ϲǰ˻ʿǴħʿ׷ɱڵķѾ˿ҪıԵˣ
òۿٶȣźǵķɴܣ˴ʿУܿ͵˺ĺĵʱһٶѾȫľӢʿԴЩʿǰܻʿæ׷ǺħʿɵȻǳɹĶ˺ĺĵ
ҶһܽٵУʱ泩һ

ʱںΧһΪҵɱеݱ˫ܼʮ벽ʿһս
ߵħԶ࣬ħ벽ʵǿ˫Ŀǰ˭ʤ˭ֻܿһűţЩһСϵڿͬһһĴĢһر
ħζó˼ҵף£ǿ벽ȫͶս
ЩսУҵĵѪпħ˵Ĵս˶ϵ۷ǿߣ˵ľս벽񼶱۷Ծ
ʲôûãѪпħҲֿͬȭ
һһ죬ͬǿһڿ׷ѪпħһǿȻһȻһǿܳһδܵĺߣ֮ܳڿмת˲šһɫ״ȻȻڷǰγһƬ޴֣˲һͳӼ𱬳
Ȼ˫üһȻ˫ƺ𣬼̶ĬȻǰȻһ˲γһԲ̣ɫԲϲϵĴӿһ˲䱬һǿİɫӵѪпħͷ­ɴܹȥЩɫȻѪпħʵսĺڶײһֱ޴ĳ
Ѫпħһȫ˲ɫĹâΧ޴ӵΧռ·ɴܡءը죬ǰ˾޴ĳ
˱ײȴͬʱסѹٴʹȫܣǸǰͬһ˶ʩչ˼ΪײһϲϷɴܿӿ޴ԴͬӿˮһʹΧĿռ䶼Ť벽״ҹ
˾ϵĳţӷİɫԲİ׹⽣ԽԽ࣬Ȼͬ컨һڿдѪпħٷɴܣѪпħִ߶ӿǿӿһδγΧռ䣬ǿϣÿռб鲼ǿ
˾һֱţпӿǿˮһӿ˵ͬȡ֮֮һ㡣
˶ɺȥûκʵãһ䣬ȻһȻһ˲߶ȫ̶̷ɴܳ˾޴İɫâ̾ͬһ̫һҫۣһʹռɴܡ
ѪпħһʱЦһǧûˣȻһУ
˵ҲܷʩչʲôҲȻһܣ̶ȭգú󼫿ģ˫۵˲һγһɽɫĹâɫâϼٷɴܣȣѪпħһȻһȻȫһɹļµֱӷ˳
ѪпħһȻһŻУǻȻչʲôûУֻһźɫܶѪпħһ־ץ˽ȥȻȻһ󣬼̶һץءһ죬һźɫȻ̽˶ǴʱҶڵĻһϳɫǴУѪпħкȡĶ
´֮ȫð˺ɫĹâģ嶼ڳһǿаĺɫţȫٴӿΧԶоһٵĸоúܶսʿ׷׵ĵĿ
ѪпħȫǿܿףѪпħʩչʲôˡ
ʱķȫҫŰɫĹâҵĹâڷطɴܣ̶һɹɰɫĴһȻһɫżתγһ޴İɫԲ̣Щɫ־ڰɫԲγɡ
ڷγ֮ѪпħҲ̶γɣʱѪпħȫһ㰵ɫΧһĺɫ
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ѪпħһЦû뵽ɣҵȻǴ޻֮ȥĲлţǵʵȻֲˣڳˣȥлóʲôɣ
ʱЦһٺ٣õл꣬񣬵ûл飬һжȻԶҲΪ񣡶Ǵİ벽ѣ
дԣҪΪ񣬳ӵа벽۷Ϊ֮⣬Ҫһǻ飬һл꣬ҲѪпħӵĲл꣬ûл飬ͲܺϳûҲԶΪԶǰ벽ѣ
ѪпħһЦûлôӵ˲л꣬ҾͱǿĶֻ࣬Ҫռ񷣬ʱħˣԳΪ񣬶㣬ѾΪ¹ˣ
ҲһЦȻͻȻǾͿ˭ǵ¹Ϊлǿȥ
˵ţȻһȻȻһȻȫİɫâ̻һֻֻ֣ڿռطɴܣȻǵصĳŶѪпħȥѪпħ˿Ϊ⣬ȻһΣ˲ܵ˰׹ǰȻһǿٴδӿһȭŰɫâȭ˳ȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 459µĲɹ
Ҷһ·ӻһֱﲻҳȥӻʿԽԽ࣬˶ǴӻģʿҲһʮֵǵĿ棬ħʿ
ڵΣ˻ûƣǴԽԽӻʿս϶ǲֹ۵ġ
ҶһãҲٹעֻǱȽƣԭҳȥû뵽ȴֻȻغǿˣõĻͿٳãһᣬߺʿһɱħʿȽϺá
һ·Ӻص˺ǣʱĺѾһˣʿӷɴܣյ¾ԶʿǧʿȻд󲿷ֶһЩߵʿļʵܵͣûκս
Ҷܿںһɽɽ뵣ʮʺҶ浽ɽ£óһʯȻ
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ϵ֮ʱʱѾ˾޴Σ֮УѪпħںսѾ·磬ԴѪпħʩչл֮ȫʵ˵ʵһ࣬սȻѪпħĶ֣ʵĲ϶Կ֮£ܿʵͺķѵʣ֮һˡ
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ѪпħʱŭȻ󼫿ĳźķɴܶȥʱ󣬻дʿħʿڻսȥ֮һͻһƾһɱ䣬ʿͨʿǰ벽񼶱ʿ׷׷ɴɢܡ
ܿ죬սֶˣʿѾӽ˺ĺĵ㶼ӦսǺɢӲ˵ĳһɴܣսֺܿ͵ħ
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Ѫпħţֻʱʧܶѣ㣬ԶʧܣԶơΪҾôױܣб⡣

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Ҷһ˲䣬ȻоһǿĳҴܣһ̣ȫɫĹâͬŽҽһ㣬ǿԴȫܲ
ˡһȻһУҶȫⱩǣ˲ͽȫ
͡һȻҶȫҶ忪ʼ˾޴ı仯嶼һ⸲ǣҶܣϵĸ
ܿȫ޴ĸܿȫʱ忪ʼʹһȦһȦĳ󣬼һԭһװǵ˽׵ĸ߶ȣĶǱɫţһ㰵ɫ岻ܣ޴ӿҶоȫ΢΢һʹһɫĹâܳһ粻ϵǿ泩סһ޴ĳֱ
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ҶȻվȻٴܵڣʱܸоһļµЩԺΧħʿĽЩħʿ˵ʱǳʤ׷ĺûᣬо޴ѹҶԶ϶ʱħӦѾʿļſˣһٶҲסЩħʿļΧ
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Ҷ룬תȫһ磬ȥ


ʮһ ۷֮· 461
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ߵſڵĴ㳡ϣȻৡһȫһɳ죬ֱʶȥ
ܿ죬Ⱥ˾ͳ˺ǣܵ˺⣬Զһ棬һȺѹѹħʿַõĴ
Ǻܿɵһָص㣬ȻȻһף޴ĻȻڿУȻৡһֱˣһɫĻȴʲôûУֻһƬڡ⻭ȥ֮󣬺ܿͺʿһ˳ƯڿУ⸡յĻΧм䣬ȻʼĬĬ䡣
ǵһɫͺɫĹâ֯һ𣬲ϳһ֮ٷɴܶɿΧγһȭɫţƵſٵĽ֯һ𣬽һеĵʮֹ죬Żᶼͷų˵ĹʣɫϢƲ
ĳ潥󣬺ɫϵĺڹһڻΧɴܣͬʱһɹϢҲΧĽΧʩĶʮ벽棬ԭΧͨʿһʱ׷ɢ֪ƺʩչһʮķһǿ϶ɣΧĿտյͨʿԶԶĿߣȻһô벽ͬʱͬʱʩչ϶ҪʲôرǿķˣһŵĿšϣЩ벽ŬܽľŤת
ħʿȻҲǵĶһЩʲôȻôƣȻ֪Ҫʲô춯صĶȴԿ϶һǶǲĶ鱨ѪпħѪпħȻ֪Ҫʲôһʱɫһ䣬ȻЩħʿӿսʣµʮ塣
Щʿӿٶȣܿ죬һĺڹ˲ʹܵ˻ǰȻǿĹ˾𺳵Χռ䶼ʼ΢΢һǿԴڿռӿ
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ڵͨռ޴ΪǵܶȱͱһĿռߣһͨռ䣬ͨĿռıԵѹռ䣬ǲֱӽġ
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Ȼ˽ŵĿźɫʱ򣬡ءһը졣һ濴ȥ֪ΪʲôǴħʿȫΪԵĽʿΧ۵һϣȻչʮ˵Ĵ󣬳źĵʮʮ˵Ĺһ֮£һǿĿռֱӱʱڶʿ
ȥܲʱЩħʿܹһûٻء
һﴫ˼ӿʩٶȣ콫ٻ˱׷׼ӿٶȣһĴӿռɢݳǿԴٴӿһˮһ㳯ɴӿ
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һɫħʿٶĳڶʮ˵Ĵǰɴܣһ߷ɴܣһ߳Ŵϵʿ󺰣죡ٶȼӿ죡
Ǽʮ˵Ĵս㿪ʼͳһָӣӿٶȣһ
һ𣬶ʱʮħʿ뷢һɫзɳ޴ŷӿԴʮܼĳɫٻ룬ͬһ޴һ㣬ǿٴܶһ޴ĳٷӿ
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һҵıը֮ռ䶼һʮֵĸоǽˮһܶȼĽˮ
ʱеһǿѾԭĺɫ˽ɫұһɫУһתƺʲô޴һԶиһ޴ͨͨɫ硣
ǵģ磬һƬ
ڰ벽񿴵֮ͨѾˣʱоϲһѸͨǰ׷׹ݣȴĽ٣ʿҲ׷׹أȴĽ١
ԶһƱɱ֮Զħʿϵĺʿķ֣ǲϵĹ£ԭĵشķֻʣ²ʮֶħʿ֯ʮ˵ĴֱӸˡ
ѪпħԷʿѾ֮ͨˣʱһ֪ãȻڵʵѾǰȻĶ֣϶ҪԿġǿԷȻͨˣûн٣񵽵װﲻǻ˵أһαɱһǹҲʮַŭߺ£ʱ
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ÿӣһǿĳͳһʿĴ飬һһ󣬺ܿʣˡеʿŲѡ
ʱǽɫͻȻ˱仯пʼӿһɫĹâЩɫâϸĽɳһϵȻͨڿʼ۳һţŽɳԽԽ࣬ɫҲԽǿÿһɳжǿ񷣬ȴԽ

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ʱֻȻһ죬ʮʿĴͬʱһ޴ֳˣΨһʣµֵһڿʼħֻ֮ʣһˡ
죡
ڶħʿطɴܣȴһ俪ֱӳȥƻͨ
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һһħʿܲĳǽɫͨȥҲǵΨһĿꡣ
˳ǽɫͨȥʱͻȻ䡱һһɽɳɵĽɫâȻһȻءһֱӱ


ʮһ ۷֮· 462ս
һɫĹâʮҫۣһǿٵĳΧʼ΢Сģ󣬽ԽԽ󣬾޴ͬǿĺŽɫϯΧռ䡣
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ѪпħĿһ䣬˿ĳŽɫâɴܣİ벽Ҳڵĳİ벽ʿ׷վΪУҲţ˫ܿͿʼš
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٣һǿѹ˲˳ѹƺأضȻûκжͶԻأ˶޾ĻУ˳־Ŀ
ȻվڿռУŶ治ԶѪпħϴν־ȻûɱѪпħѪпħҲţû˿ȴ֪жҪˣΪʵʵȲǰʵֻΪһлİûлĻʵֵһˡ
ѾߵһƴȫҲʱġ
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һʱŭССİ벽񣬻ΪԼˣ첻ѵ㣬ǲ֪ҵ
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Ѫпħʱŭתתȫʱһǿӿϱųɫħͬһһֱ˶ʮֺ嫣ֱӽһǿֵס
˿һĻ׷𾪣û뵽ѪпħǿһԵֵסĽʵ𾪲ѣ޴ŷӿĳǿĳŰһĿҷɴܣһѾﵽʿʩչʽļˡ
񿴵ֵ˻һЦղŵһֻʽսǰС˶ѣȻ˫һ˦ɫĹâͬȴӿľ޴ĳһž˵Ļ˲ת˾޴ɫϵͬһӿһ˲䣬ɫУǿ˲ռ䣬ռ䶼ת
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һѪпħ˫ۺһ˲һǿĳɫһ˲䣬һֻ޴ĳɫˣ˵޴һڵĳɫ治籡ӿɫɴܶȥ
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ûüɢȻʹܵǰءһֱӱ޴ӿһǿԴǿĳ˲ÿռ䶼ŤˣѪпħ⧲ڿдһۡһһѪ
һʱ󾪣ħ벽̴ȥסֻѪпħɫ԰ֽԪˡ
ʿѪпħܵشʱϲ쳣һ־ʤҲ
񿴵ѪпħѪһЦѪпħֻһ벽ѣȻսؼϵĴڣ۵ղһ£ֻһСѵβɱ㣬Чȣ
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ȴδǽɫĹ˲ըǵĽɫЩٵĻɫǵصĳѪпħڶħʿѪпħĳɫ磬˲γһ뻡εķ֣޴˲ǰɫײǰԲηϣ˲ɢһšȻס˲ٽɫϮһƬɫܽħʿȺ
޴ϴӿһǿǿĽɫâֱħʿһֻɫײħʿϣ˲ͻɫⱬ̶ռɫⲻ䣬Χռ䶼һ˵֮ħʿ׷һ£ԭڵħʿͬ˹һһɢŷ׷ӴܣЩϵɢ˲ħʿħʿ׷ӡ
ɫڲϵĳôħʿʹԭռϷħʿܻ˾޴ΣУһɴ룬ʿ򿴵ϲ쳣ֻùȻ񣬾ǱһҪǿܶ࣡
ѪпħʱŭȻ˫һƣǰķּúķȥ޴
ѪпħĲƶ£ڣɫٷɴܣһһĽӽˡ


ʮһ ۷֮· 463»
˿Ѫпħ֪ҪʲôмʿҪȥ赲Ϊͷųǧɫ赲ҲܿѪпħֻܸɵۡ
ѪпħܿһһĿ񣬼̶ǿȻһ˦͡һ޴ıֱӱһٺɫԲ̫ͬһ˹ȥ
һٺɫɴܣڿлһߣ˲ͳ嵽ǰʱо޴ѹǿڳٸв
һӣһ⳯ٺɫȥ
ʱٺɫû˵ǰʱ򣬾һ˵ͱ
ٺɫ˲䱬ը޴ĳӿ˾ֵĳ˲˵ǰ⧲ⱬ˺ѿռըȴ˺ü
ʱŭ˲˫ۼٷӿȻ׳һ޴Ľɫ̫ɫ̫Ĺâ䣬˲串ΧˣȻһ˲ͽռ˺ѣѪпħٷɴܹȥ̶Ȼǽɫڹʧ
һ˲֮󣬽ɫʧĵطȻըХһ㣬ӿϷɴܳ
һ˵˶Ŀ࣬Хɽصˮ漱ٴӿ޴ͬҪһ˲串Χռģ˺ѵĿռűըܼĶеط
ܶʿǱ˺ѵĿռȻɵģѪпħ˱ըΧֱըɣͬʱɨħʿ
ʱĺķҲըˡ
ĺܶħʿ֪淢ʲôͱǿֱӲɨһƬʿͬɨҶһ˲䱻ըƬЩʿħľӢʿħһըֱըʵħ۶ըˡ
ʿ˲ٰ벽񼶱ʿһը֮£ѪпħħҲѾȫ߱ٺսˡ
ʿĿɿڴĿʩչ򣬱ը˱Ǵδôǿ
켶˶ͷһȫת
ԭ飬ʵȺ࣬ڵħʿȻʣôһˡΧĿռ˲䱻ⲨһɨֱӿտޱȣЩȥħʿʬ嶼ûУʵ̫˾ˡ
һʿǰ̵սûôãһо㹻ˡͨʿĲ漫
ħ֣ǰ벽һƬ˾ǴʿħȫûѪпħôһ룬ʱдϲ
дϲʱͻȻһɫӰһ˲ͳܹ
һæȥ־ȻѪпħʱѪпħȫ۶ըãͬؤһͷҲʮңȫѪʳѪ֮òҲʮٷɴܡ
ʱѪпħħȥʱз֮ѾΣҲҪɵԼһҲԣƸۡ
ȫɴܣһѪɫıʯ΢΢ɢųɫĹâһ˵һⱦʯȴǿôͨ
ⱦʯɢΪı֮һҲֻţһžʹùģһֱһξ޴ĳըһֱըˡ
ѪпħѾûлˣʼʩըһΣڵ״̬ѾһǿٴʩչըĻԼĿ϶ˣѾûбѡȫɴܶ޴˲ӿ
ѪпħһٶޱȣҽŸղűըѾھȽϽλãһܣֱӾʹܵǰ񿴵ѪпħԼ˿Ϊ⡣
ߣССİ벽Ѫƴһûҽ˵ţһƣһ޴Ľɫ̫Ѫпħֱӷɴܡ
ѪпħҲͷųֻ̫ܼٷɴܣ˲һʹܵǰ޴ٷӿȻһŲԶ
ѸټȫһӿһɹɴԪֱӹĳɫʯͰ벽ķ룬ԪԪĸһԪľǰ벽ҲͲǰ벽ˣͨʿֻȽǿ
ӵԪ񣬾ӵǿ޵һѪпħԼԪȫɼѾƸˡ
Ԫȫɫıʯ֮֮󣬶ʱǱʯ˲ɫĹâǣͬһűһڿռвԾһɴܶͬһ㡣
ݡһѪпħųɫıʯֱӳ˹ȥȻ˳󵹷ɳȥ
һųɫıʯͬħ۾˲޴ܼһɫĹâȻʹܵǰϢΨǴһ˿ĳɫâ
񿴵ɫıʯûзӦͻȻһʱĴըһ֣ǰ֣һƵǰͻ
뵽һ㣬ʱ󾪣ӴܣûӳãֻоͻȻһǿתͷһʱд󺧡
ʱһɫĹвתһȦһȦת֮£ͬһռ亣һǱסġʱ󾪣ʵû뵽һﾹȻʯ⣬ΪղŴıȽռϷ磬ûѪпħȴû뵽һѪпħ͵Ϯɹˡ
ʱתȫɴܣĳɫԽԽٶܵ˼ĳ⡣
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ͬһ㣬ռ䶼еһһΣռƺԾƵԽԽ죬ȻܿҪըˡʿǷһʱŵɫΪ;һΣθæһȺʿӱܡ
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һصը汬
ǿֱͬӳӿܣռ䱻˲˺ѣڿռҴܣ޴Хһϯֱֱ;˹ȵͬ˺Хһ沨ܿͱһȦһȦֱûˡ
ǿһδηɾ˲ϢĻᶼûУʧ˿ռǾ޴ĳɫֱûˡ
ǳɫнû֮󣬺ܿʧˣһǺһʧˣʿĿɿڴĿȫˡѪпħѪɫֱˡгĳһ


ʮһ ۷֮· 464 
ҶӺɵʱһ·ɹһЩܼ򣬺ܿ͵һƬħʿĽս򣬾޴Ŀɿڴտʼսʵ̫ˣۼ֤ħ֮һۡ
ôҵսд󺧡ԭֱӳȥȴû뵽ĳ֣κһжܶԿģܶ벽ˣ˵һͨľ۷ʿˡ
ԶԶģħ֮սԼıڼѪпħı𾪲ѣԭһħ϶Ҫɵȴû뵽Ѫпħôǿ󣬾ȻѹȻʵ죬ȴƾһɲľͷɵˡ
ǳɫнɵһ˲䣬Ҷ涼ΪԼ۾ˣǰ˵Ѫпħɱһ񣬻Щ˼飬ۿ֮󣬶پѪпħѾﵽһʿܴﵽ۷ˡ
ɱ벽ʵֱĤݡ
ʱɱѪпħҲЩסˣʱӦõĻᣬһӴܡ
ʱʿѪпħţΪû뵽Ѫпħɱһˣ涼һû˿Ϣ仯û뵽ʱҶ˳һɴܡ
Ѫпħ֪Լʩչһ֮ɣʱ嶼ҪˣŶʿֻ쳤Хˣû뵽ѪпħҲнա
ԼĹȥӳɳѡУϵ;һ·꣬ڿԽˣҪˡ˵ʲôźĻԼһΪҪ˷ѵˡ
ȻѾûԪˣһΪڣǾˣ̫˷ˣҸ˴ȥҲϣܹ̳ԸԣһΪдеĻضܹһħ
һһħʿû뵽ħʿѾɱˣʣµһЩڼԶĵطЩźʱͻȻһӰ۾һȻҶ档
ʱдϲ֪Ҷ沢ʿҺн飬һȫҶܳһѪпħˣһʹܵҶǰ
Ҷڼٿ񱼣ͻȻǰһǰͻȻһˣٶޱȣ˲ֵʱҶһͷײϣʱ󾪣ͷһѪۣȴܿʽѪпħ
ǰǰ
Ҷʱ󾪣֪˵ʲôˣֻܽͰ͵Ľһ䡣
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ʲôԵҶ˲һ㶣ʵ
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ѪпħҶ棬Ȼֿ˿ЩʿʱʿڷָѾΧ˹Ѫпħ˵ҸղɱһҲˣʩչһ֮ˣҲҵһΪʧ˾㣡
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˵ˣҲħҲҶᶨ˵
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ôһʱΧʿ׷׿Ҷ档
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ˣ㲻ɱʿʿҲɱˣɣҵĹ֮ҲһԾΪ벽񣡡˵ѪпħһץסҶ˫֣Ȼ棬ûҶ淴ӦѪпħоֱɫâ
һĹâٴӿľʹѪпħҶ壬Ҷտʼһ£ٵĴӿҶоԼƺܽһͷˮһϿٵĴӿʱȫʼ
Ҷоһɹɵٴӿ嶼ȫܿˡ
ৡһѪпħ忪ʼٵıϣԽԽϣͷûףƤɳڣ̶ʱͲϲˡȻķſ֣ʱѾȫһͷˣ鶼ϢٵܣܿҪˡ
ʱҶ汻ǿĻûлȫڲϵĲţһϱ޴ＱٴӿѸٵĸҶ塣

Ҷ汻ٳŪȫʹѣȻһ
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һ֮˲䣬巢ı仯ƺ忪ʼѿһ㣬ɫĹâð޴ٷɴܶǿ˾ֵĳ˲Ҷ徭ǰδеĴ仯
Ѫпħһǹһ˿Ц⣺Сôͳɰ벽ˣ
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Ҷ潥ƽһθоǿ嶼صǰ벽𣿡
޴תҶ澪ϲѡ
ȻѪпħģǿл𾪡
벽ʱͻȻоһǿҵȻӻͳǸʯĺӣʱȫʣʮѤãһڲϵĲƺҪһ
Ҷʱһǰζ򲻿Ǳ뵽벽Ľ׶βܴӣæ򿪣뿴
մ򿪺ӣǺһʵĹâƮʵĹâٵڿлƯܿڵҶͷϡ
оһѪпħʱһ⡭⣡
Ҷ沢ʶⶫЩֵĿѪпħǰʶⶫ
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ѪпħĿ
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˵УҪΪҪһӵа벽Ϊڶӵл꣬ӵл飡һͿӵ񣬾ͳ񣡡Ѫпħ˵
ʲôϾͳ񣡡
Ҷ𾪣Щϧϧ߱ˣûл꣡
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ͳ񣬳ǿĴڣԽһе񣡡Ѫпħȵ˵
ҶһһȻһץʵĹâץסʹŵʱ򣬺ܿ죬ʹƺӦʲôƵģܿľܶҶʱоһȵľܽ
ͬʱҶоԼ徭ƺһԻ
䡱
һը죬ʱҶ嶼һ֮£һ˲䣬ȫ˾޴ı仯һǿֱӴܳ
Ҷȫʼɫҫ۹â޴Ұ
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ռ俪ʼ־޴ı仯һ̣ƺоԼӵ˿ķ
һɫȻ֣ͨͨ
Ҷȫҫڽ֮ǰ˿ΧѪпħϹһ˿ϲƺһ㣬ȻûгΪ񣬵Ŀһ˳ΪҲ㹻ˡ
ģѪпħ۾廯ɫķɻʧߵС
Ҷֿ˿ΧʿʿֵĿʱǷ𣬸μ񣡡
˷׷׷Ӧһأμ񣡡
һһĴԶ
Ҷǹһ˿ЦݣȻȻתȴеҶһһ˲䣬ǰһɫĵ·Ӱƻʵ򼫿죬֮Уɫĵ·
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