==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================

ߣʿ

ݼ
½ʢС
ߺһСӵܣʣܾ衣
ΪˮʣȻΪʣ˿ɼ츳ʹŹʡ֮߾磬ˮˮ֮Դ
ߺһ죬δ޾ţ¶챦ɱǿߡ˭Ҳӣ
أʷĳӣ֮⣬֮裬̤֮· 


1 
ջѩ˷羢ҰһˣѩƮ䣬װ
½ʢУ˶ߣûʲôǿ˥һķ֮ǿ߿˺ѵأʡ½вϰ䣬ǽ׵ĴڣԼ˶ɲԼ
һԺһζֱ˵գѵԼԶԵѵԼļǴģ
㻹ΪԼʶʵģ˳ᢣʤǧ֮⣬ǿ߶򣬻Ҫһϵĳ˼
ף꿴ߣһˣߴ˫۾񡣸ߺҵһЦһطˣ˵ոߺתԼסȥ
ŶӽԶСӰ΢΢̾Ϣһ૵ʹ츳˵ΣʲȻ޷ɾڳͷҵĶӣҸϣֳͷе
ڻ鷿·ϣūͶָָ㣬ԵķҲϵĴĶ䣺Ǹ߼Ҽ֮߸ϵġүǺү˵ر񡣡ô˵үᱻģǸļҶĿһۡ
ߣʲô£һ
ʲôԭǷﰡ

ЩԴϰһ㣬ޱ߹
иߺʮ꣬һҵӵܣĸǸ߼Ҽ߽ɡΪ֮ӵʮʱ򱻼ʡ½ʷǳϡ١
ڲʵ˲һֻ֪֮ǿңҵĴүӵʣȻоƽˡ
ΪʵӦܵҳĽĿ⣡ԳߺûִֻܵΪֻͨˮʣûǱʣ
½ˣʮ꿪ʼʲôҲʮʱԸߺвϵܼҶķ̣Լõܵ衣
½ʸǧΨͨˮʣûʲô£ûκʵ߶Ȳϣ͸ƻԶ½һȷΪˮʣǼǷˣ
ߺڲϵķУ߻Լķ䣬ߺţſЦԼˮʣֲиԼĹ
û뵽Լ츳ˣʮȻأ齣Ҳ˵ھУֻʣһûɡ츳˿ɱȣκԼȴˮʣʹһ߲ͨ㶼ԽԼܣ
һУߺеԼĽ˥ԼĴϣߺ˯УߺΪ˯ߣʱĽŲΪ˭ͣ£ҹԼ
ڶ죬ѩȻţֻˣһƬƬѩƵƬһ㣬ڿϯҵû˵ϣ
ļҶڽŵæµţΪؽÿҶڽб䣬ѡЩ츳ڣʵǿĵΪصϾֻвϵĲѪҺʹǿʢ˥
˵μᣬǬгɵĸƽү˵Ųأ
ߺ·ϣҶһ˽
𣿸ƽүʮ꣬ȻѾŲˣǰһǿĻ澳ˣ˵˻澳磬ڵ仯ˡ
ʲôƽүӵһĽʣɱȸĳЩǿˣһҶһ˵ԼǸƽ˵۾˸ߺһ۸ߺ̧
˵ʲôǸڱҸ磡һŷŭܴࡣǸղŷ̸ߺļҶһ۵СȭͷۣȦˣСȭͷһཱུСŮǸߺáʮꡣ
Сãˣߺܾôķ̣ĻѾһˣֻǶԼˮЩΣʹûҲð
磡ǡˣȥߣʮˣʱˣú׼ȥɣף㣡ߺõĻĬĬȥ
ߺĿĳеĴϣ֪ģߵ˳һˮ̶ߣվˮ̶Աߣһ̶ˮ渲źıˮ̶ԭһ̶̶ˮ̹ǡ
ȵʢģ̶ˮԱߴˮ죬̶ˮıᶳ֮˭Ҳûֻ֪ܺ
˻澳磬ȥԼȥȴˮ粻أϴǣߺԽ˵Խŭ˵һѾðˣ
ȻʱԾĴһ˷ŭ㾹ȻɱҿҾӢӵܣҪɱ㣡
շԾǿߣٷɳ۵ӰߺȵҪ֪׳ǿ֮˲ĸףߣͻȻǿߣܽиߺԾ
̶ˮһ࣬˵ɱһй¶ǿʹľʯѣľͷųǿնϡǷһһȭжԷؿݶȥ
֮һѪ֪ǷĶ֣㲻׷ϡĿȴߺ
ߺֻһͻԼһ˴ܣԼͲɣƺӦ˸ߺ뷨һԾ㵽˸ߺߣӸµĿŸߺ˵ߺСһﲻһĴڡ
֪㿴˲ÿĶ𣿡һ˵ŻһͷһεѹڸߺϡߺֻоԼϺѹһʯȻǿվţǰҿ㱻ܣȻ׷֣ҵͲɱһ޷֮ӣ
⻰˵ɱһȻҶײңԲˣҴд˿˿Աߵˮ̶һᣬȥɣ
˵յһᣬ㽫ߺԾСߺֻÿԼߺХֻһ˲㵽ˮ̶Ͽա
˶Ըߺ˵Ժͷʵ㣬˲õˣᶪģסǿҿġ˵꣬ȫתˮ̶ȥһɾ޴ƾջֻһˮ̲ĳһ޴ıȻһɶ
ǺǣܺļʺСĴЦŰѸߺߡߺڿмٺſ޺뵽ΪӾȻҪأģҼסˡ
ͨһһ׶ˮĽһʯѹ֮ϡЦ뿪ˡߺһˮбоԼ彫Ҫˣʹøߺ³ɣܵԼԽԽ䣬ߺоԼĶˣҲҿѾﵽ˲㣬һԱպܳһʱ䣬ȻҲϢˡ
Ȼ޷ҵҪˮ̶ʲôߺ¶ģ̶ȥԽ̶Խ䣬ڸߺеϢʱͻȻоԼһƬա
ߺ̶ףǸߺطûˮһƬգϷ̶ˮߺҲôˣôʱܲˣſϽһʵĿǽеĿͨĿǺޱȵĺ
ǵޱȣߺֻԼ嶼ˣԽԽ䣬оԼ嶼ˡǹɺڸߺľĴҴߺ۵ſڴںɰɫĺҲŸߺĺ뵽ߺĿС
źʧ̶׵յشҲСһɺ뵽˸ߺڣ̶׵յشҲʧˡʧ˲䣬̶׵·ӿһ¶ϳȥߺűˮˮƮȥ
ڸߺڣЩȻϵıߺľգڸߺĵԭһŶ͸ˮ飬ˮҲŸߺڵĺ𽥵ıһŹԲı飬ڸߺĵɢ˿˿ɫ
ѹڶϵľʯǹˮĲƶǹˮʯһȥߺҲǹˮһ³ǸڣߺڱϣˮϵĴӶڳһȪƵģ̷ˮҲȵˡ
ЩߺƺоԼô̫ˣĻָ֪һ̶ˮůߺ΢˼һ¾ˣԭˮ̶ǹɺűɺ̶ģںԼգˮ̶е̶ˮȣ֤ˮ̶ԭǸ̶
ߣߺһ壬һı仯ߺתֻоһɺԭˮһȭһԱߵϣһȭӡϣȭӡϸƱ˿
ԼˮʱˣԼԭǿöأߺЩϲһȭһԼڵԼʵԼŲ֮£ԼѾ齣ھУͨŲҲǶ֣влỹʵһ£
ߺʱǿгšߺĴЦҲǷˣЦ֮󣬸ߺɫָǰһ۵ĮļԸߺ־˺ܴĶʰֳΪǿߵģ־Ѿüǿޱȡ
˵ƽүѾعˣ˭֪ү˵ƽѾΪǬڵŵˡ
ǸֻˣеһҶԶԶĿ˸ߺ꣬С㱻Сֵ֪ðˣߣֻŮ˵󣡡
·ϵĸߺЩ۲δ⣬ɫȻԼסһнͶԵò԰ףܹµϱ˵죬Ƕ²ϱ˵ģΨʵ֤һУֱЧķ
صԼסߺȰԼѾʪ͸˵·£߽ɵķȥ
ϣǵܹʰɣߺߵĸס˸׵̾Ϣ
ôˣĸ֥Լ๫̾Ϣʵ
ֲǲ֪϶߽һֱҵļ֮λĴӸƽǬڵĵӣѵһĽʣΪֱƻ澳磡ûǿ壬¼֮λ
ǾͲˣƽƽһͦõģ֥Ҳ֪ѵһһССھȻʣ½Ѿˡ
Ϊһ뵱ǵĺޱȣ֮λҪǱ϶ȥ͸ˣ߽ɰ̾һ£˿ûвԼӵĽŲ
ףصģò֮λ븸װҵֻ㱨ȥıᣬҲμˣߺɫ˵
˵ġ߽ɿͻȻЩ״Σ˵μӱᡣ
֥ĵ˵Ϊ㣬֮λģǰ֮λˣ
ǰȥǲùģ˰ɣ߽Ҳĵ
ߺһЦңǺҪûʵˣİɸĸףзִ磡˵ձ˳ȥ
๫ǡ֥Щĵĵ߽ɳһ£ɣһ侲ǳ嶯ĺӣʱҿŵ㣬ãƻ涨ҲҪ
ȥ·ϣߺ΢΢Ц尡壬㲻ʵĻݹҲˡ


2 
賿ϵѩڲˣ׳Ǻһɫ£쳣žֻСҽС
߼һСԺУλһ˸ߵѩˣһǣѩޱȣѩ˵Ҳ໹һλαѩĳº˸
硭һɰСŮŷװܽСԺǸߺøСԺȻǸߺԺˡ
СŮ𡱵ƿ˸ߺţ޹˼ɵĴ˽ȥһһ߽кΪʲôҪμӱ䰡֪ǻ۸ģȻ㡭ףİ
ԭϲûиߺӰҲޱȡĴţ㵽İ
ãأҿɱǸǿˣһ̶СԺ
һ꣬ʮңõЩӢŰȴЩӢȫˡǸ߽Ķӣ߽Ǹƽ׵ܵܣʮ߲꣬Ϊǲ츳Ǹߺֱ֮
߽ÿ¶ΣΪľߺϿı飬һһЩ
߽˵ʲô˵ҸǷһ߽˵ţһ߻Сȭͷ߽ȥһΪСôһ߲ĶءСȭͷ˲ͱ߽ץסֺܶ
˵Ǹﰡ߽һ˵ţץסȭͷ֣΢΢ǿһЩ۵ĸ۴Уˣ߽֣Ҫ㣡ߺֻõ𣿿㻹˲֣øߵΪ߽޹˼ɵЦ
ſȻҲַֻˣһ֪ʲôط
磬㲻óһʰģʹСŸ߽
Ҳţҵ԰߽һ˵һѰԴ
žһǰѩѿˣһӰѸٵĴѩӵ߽ǰֻ߽ԼֱһֻץסֺƱϱƵģĶʹˣСֺĴӸ߽롣
ߺץŸ߽֣ϴ߽ڣ߽оԼϿʼ䣬Լֱ۶á
߽д󣬹תȫҲֱҲҲˣǻǸоޱȡЩĸ߽ŭĿŸߺң
ߺһЦΪβ㣿
˵е˳Ѹٴ߽ڣϵҲʼӴ󣬸ֻ߽Լ嶼񱻺ΧסҪǸߺ̫ˣȫѲ߽ɫò԰ףתˣƱסƵģѸߺȥǱߺһƲء
ϣߺȵֻ߽еѪҺѸٱϵľ˸ߺıѣϡڸ߽˻ߵĺУȫϵ
ˣɣߺɿ֣תȥԼСȥ
ֽ߽гԹޣţһᱨ
ҵţߺһ٣˵˵Ҳȥ߽ҲԹ޵߳СԺ
磬ʲôʱôˣȻңΪͷĶԸߺ˵˵껹Ĳ˸ߺһš
ǺǣҲûôпⰡԼøߺ䲻΢ЦĶ˵
ûˣΪʲôҪμӱᣬʵҾͷˣԺͲұˣֺĶԸߺ˵˰˵ŵŵܳߺСԺ
ŸıӰߺ΢΢һЦתԼȻԼ뷨ûдʵһ£ԼѩϵбȽϿ죬Լ徹Դѩճ˿˿ΪԼԼ巢أ
ߺڵϵĽ˳ʼ齣ӵһеھһ׻˵ɣԸߺҲһһţ飬顣ĸߺƽһ⾳齣ȻǼУϸһñȸղŸΪ˳ۡ
ղŸߺĽ뽣ֻνӻһ˿˿ͣ٣ڵĽ뽣ֻνӸΪԲΪ˳ߺһеȻϰеĸߺ˫һ⡣
һߺĽԱߵĸʯʯӦȶϣ⻬ޱȣߺĽð˿˿
齣ʮҲһ飬ˣߺе˷ܣȻʮЩ裬Ǽʱգضɣ
߽ס߽ڸ߽ǰߣһҪﺢ𰡣ֻ˵˸ߺǸ͸ҷҵ֣
ʲô֣߽ŭ
ǰһҪΪɱ߽˫۳Թޡ
ȥߺ˰ɣҸ˵ٴˣȹ˽ı˵ôǲأȥˣǻᱻ¿ʵ˵ҹ̲ܽϣӶ̶ܵᣬιһ壡ôϼ֮λ߽
߽ŭ˵ҵ־ôˣ
ܵطգ˵ߺҲҪμӽıᣬҾ͡ʧ֡ĵϵʱȻһ˵Ǹƽ
ȱԽԽˣȱÿ߼ӵܶǳӣΪθ߼Ʈڵѡ츳ߵӵܡ
˭ŴиԴȵһУⶼҪģһʵͻĸǿͻܵ˵ĳݡ
߼е书ڼţĸʺã߶ԼشףŻᱻʹ͹
ǲһģ߾书ؼֻҪΪǸ̶ȣԿԽнѡʺԼĹ
ȻеҶ͸߼һЩҲԼĲ󣬵ֻ׼Լ˽ȥճ϶Խģ
ˣˣˡĵĹ߼ңڶ߼ҵڴѾõıҲĻİƽ׵ĸ߼ұ̨վսĸ߼ӵܡ
̨һ̨ϣһˣ߽ȻλǴϸ߷ףϸ߷׵һλŵƮڵĳϡ졣Ǹ߽磬߽ɵܸ߽ˡ
ҲȽϼ򵥵ģֻҪǲսӵ̨ܶΧսս߲ٴսȻܾսҲսܣվ̨û˸սıʤߣ
̨վһλϣ߼ӵܣһһεıڿʼһ̨߲óʮ꣬㵽ֹ̨żΪʧܣĲʹöˣڿʼ˵Ծȥ
һԾȥҸһλֵ˭Ըս۷壬ʮ꣡
ûø̫ʱ䡰ҸսŲ㣬۷壬ΪȸԲʮ꣡
̨ϲлʽϵеıԷŲ֣һʱѷѽ⡣
еĳȥһæطҵ赲վסбĸձ̨
ʤȻֽ̨˼սǱȵһǲ˲٣ϾܶŲ֡
һʤԸս𣿡Ϻ
ˣǵıݵΪֹˣȫޣ˭Һһսʱһ𣬸ƽԾ̨
̨Ʈʵλǣ߽ȮӸƽǬڵŵӣʣ˵仰ʱ򣬸߽Щ
찵ҡҡͷϧѾǬڵĵˡ
ƽ̨ϸƽµսѾʼˣ¾ͱƽ̨
δȳƽʤƽĽָȺеĸߺ˵ôΪ֮ӣ㲻һսΪλҪս㲻Сݶţ˵ܸȫһЩ
˳ŸƽĽȥһϮճĸߺվȺУոպöûڿ̲ס˽ôһȻҲμսǲ֪
ߣһָǲ֪ܣղűƽܵĸµ߰˵

ߺûЩɫȻ̨һߵȥһ֮ԱǣǷȻȥģ
ԭԸߺϣĸ߽ɣҲǰҡͷѾ̨Ӫȵ׼ˣΪ˵ߺ˸߽֣θƽ϶Źߺģ
ƽһм˵˵棬γĽɣߺɫȻ˵
Ըַñҵ־Ϳʰ㣡Ȼڸ߽ڸߺֻԼĶ̫ˣ
ߺ΢΢ЦԼô۸ýԼͱƵΪֹգ˫ֳƽȥƽвмתĳӭߺһơԼټԼǹԵĹһͿ԰Ѹߺַֻϵ
ʵܴڲ࣬ڽӴһ𣬸ƽߺ岽øƽԼԾ˶ǳľȣѾ׼Ӫȵĸ߽ɶȵûƺѾתõСͷųһƽǰĿ̨
ҲܳԾΪڱ˵Ŀ˵߼Ҽ֮ӣǺôķʣȻ츳˵ã⣬ˮôҲǷϲģˮʵô࣬ǳɹûм⣿Ļô׾ͳһ˵ϣ
̫ǿˣ̨ڶĸ߼ӵźڸߺصΪȻԽŲĸƽ£Ȼ֪ƽδʹȫսԡ˵Ѿǳ˼ˣ
ƽҲ޹⣬ŭҽҶ꣬ƽתȫʩչһƷߺȥ˫·ɣȫ˸ղԼ˵ģֻܸߺ
۸ߺҲ޿־壬˲е˫ȭϵӭƽ˫ơȻԷߣǸߺ̺빥Һϵ˫Ӵʱ򣬽Էڡ
һʼʱ򣬸ƽƷͱȶԷǿΪѹŸߺ򣬵ǽŸߺϤƽƷߺơ
ƽһԷȻԼƽ֣ôأɫѾܹˮˡ̨Ѿȵıղˣƽټȥˣƣ
ƽתߺһƻȥǿҵƷεĸߺۣ֪ƲӲӣѸٺˡƽҲŸߺ˵Ĺ򣬰γǱ
Ȼʵ˲٣ȻҲ֪ô£վҪ£ƽ񿴵ʤЦŶԸߺҵĵƣͨĽűлõĽƷƷܶˣȱһضң
Ϣ󾪣Ҫ֪˵ΪһҲֵȼߺгֵĶǷƷȼ㲻ϣϾƷƷƷһֻиߵȵĻ澳߲ӵƷٵĴߴӵܲӵдƷı
˳Ծ󣬶Ըƽǵһ˵ΪȻű˸ߺûĶ֣οڶһƷأ˿ߺղŻȡʤĿܣڿߺذɡ춼øߺΪߺذɣ߽ѾøߺֱˣɾʱߺҲ˵ˡ
Ϊֻе𣿡ߺĮ˵ôһ仰˶ɵĿŸߺղŶ˵Ѿǳˣѵߺеƣܰɣ
˻ɵУߺȫߺΪҲŸߺ˲߽ף˲۷壬䣬Ų㡣
ȻŲ㣬ôģȻԼΪôܡûߺΪ
ʵߺǰ͵ŲˣͻȻԼһص㣬ӵбȻӡΪǱ޷ԼʵΪղڽǱΪ
ôܹһս𣿡˵ڶܷһˣ𺳣̫ˣʮŲ㣬ʲô츳ţԵţ
ڸƽ߽ɫѾȫĵγˮˣˮʾȻôߵʵΪȻŲ㡣
սߺγеĳƽһȥƽֳֻƷӵƷĸƽȻֻܱܡߺ齣һһеƽȥмκͣ٣һһниһ
ߺĽ˿˿ϵĻڸƽƷǿʹøƽһߵһߺˣ󵱸ƽ˵̨Եʱ򣬸ߺһ齣ʮС顣
˵һƽ̨ߺĽҲһʹѣֻʣһƷվƷԼĽȻԼĺѾǳǿˣڻ޷Ʒ棡ߺЩ̾Ϣ
ʵߺ֪ԼıѰ˼ҵײ£ԶϵϾѱһϡ
̨Χѻȵս˱ȷÿΪսһ浹ʱ򣬸ߺܻó𾪵ı֣
ãΪҶôαĵһǸߺ𣿡̨ϵĸ߽ʮֵ泩ΪϲĵĶһΪţܲˡ
û飡ϵĴ̨ϵļ˶ͷ
һ£ʱһ˵Ļ


3 ϵľϲ
ڸ߽ߺʤʱ򣬾Ȼ˸Ҵϣ˵񶼳Դȥ
˵ĲǱˣڿ̨ϵĸ߽磬˿üŭĿĿŸߺ㵱һһĳˣɳΪҸ߼ҵҫ˵ʹĿԶ̨֮µĸƽ
ڵĸƽгǱƷ̨ĿйĿǰȻڽܲԼߺܵʵɥʧġ
ŶĺˣѲֻ߽ĶӮӮͳĳΪ߼ӵˣڸ̨ϵĸ߽ɵȻ˵ȫȻֱ߽֮£
ڵĸ߽Ҳ߳ŭˣǰԼĶǽʶҰĲСȻʵˣһǷʡʣµһڲĴ֮һĽ磬һԼĶӡţԼĶӶܳΪưԲϵ֮һ˭֪ȴԼһֱΪķˡ
ȥݷøߺߺ轡һ˽֣˵ǲĳ߽֮ȻҪǷǣ˵ǸߺҲ磡
λϵĿ⿴˸ߺϸ߷վԸߺŭĿӣ㲻߽֣
һ仰ҵˣҸʲôߺ̨ϸֶŴϵ߼˭֪߽ߵķǳĽֱõĴһӣ
󵨣ңӣ˵ĻˣˣϵߺΪʮϳ߼ң̨ϻðɵļ仰ͽߺʵ
ʱ򣬸߽ϵҿ˭ңô簡λǻûϣѾʼʹȨˣ߽˵ʼۣǿĻصķ߼ҵĴϣǸ߽ɵλ塣
ΪְǼǷְȨڿûҪٵȥˣϸ߷վ˵ʹϸ߽һͷųԼȻǻߣȻ˵ȸ߽˺Ǹ߽һ˿ɵ
˹߽ɣ̨ݺᣬǿ̨ǧٿףʯͷ飬ǿߵʵȻǿޱȡ
̨µĸ߼ӵһЩ𾪵˵ˣȻһЩʼЦݣЩǱ߽ӵܣ
֣û뵽ļ˲ò׳һӵܣźúȴôɱǰŵʱ̣һֱϵȴСǸ߼ҲҪŵӵܣƮԸΣӴԺ߽һұ͸߼Һ޹ϵ
һֱλϵĸ߽Ҳ¶һ͸¶Ű˵Цݣ˵ЦˣҲܸ߼֮£κȴִ£ܲܣ
ʱΧ߽ɵĸ߽˵ƮڳϣȻҲ֪ƮڵλΣǿҲԸΪȥǬڰɣǬڵʵƮ֮ϰڸ߽ûģǰ˵ĸ׸߷Ʋţ߽Ӹ׷֮ˣ֮ҳߣʱΪڼʹٸҲΪ
磡̫ʧˣʱ߽ѹֲסеķŭˡֵ֮оôֵһ𣿡
Ÿ߽˵ķŭʵҲѹֲסˣ¶˵УǿĴƮɢ߽˵˲ѹ£龳Ȼǿĺ龳ں龳ǿǰ澳С㡣
̨µĸ߼ӵȫΨиߺһ㣬ǿѹ¼ͦţüᶨĿ⿴Ÿ߽ˡ
߽˿Ÿߺı֣ĵ˵ͷ߼ˣγˣκӹţֻǰ棬˼巢չ
ҲͷӲ츳ǿΪҪԺ龳ǿȻ־֮ǿɼһߣ߸ӵеġȻ˸߽һۣĵٺ٣Բֵܣ츳ƮҪˣ
ʲôôܣôܻǺߣܣ߽˻Ƶĺ
߼Ҵ϶Ϊı˽ϧɱӵܣȥְ֮ϵΪڼ߽꣡ѹסԼ龳Ϊ
ƾʲôôҶ壬㾹һ·ϣϷŭ˵ΪǿΪͱʾǣ㡭Ҳ˵ЩʲôǸ߽ûи˵Ȩ˵ĵһָһΪͱˡ
Ժɣ߽˵Ķ˵
ΪʧˣԺȥڵĴû˸ղŵʢˣң
߽ˣ㡭߽ŭָŸ߽ˣ߽˲δ˵ʲôͬһָ͸ƽǵСԺԺҲ޷˷ˣ
һıѾõңǿ±顣
߼ʮӵܵʼ߽˵գ΢ЦĿԼĴ硣߽Ҳ΢ЦСܣû뵽ûʵȻѾ˵ز
ֵӶЦʱߺϣܹƮڣʵкôҴӦ㣬ֻҪƮڣԣԳΪŵӣԽѡԼΣ
ߺûκεĿǣϾʹӦˣԼ֪쳵ɾޣʶһ±ţսܹϵĽ
úúáϲôһŵԺƮڵˣڴӵˮʣȷǷ䡣Դ˸߽Ҳû˵ʲôӳˣѾԼ뷨ˣǿߵ·Ҫ˽̸ôߣ
ڴҲϵľϲжȹˣǷţϲԼ߼Ҳк龳ǿˡ
ߺվԼĶԺͦվţŶĺ⣬ԼȴԽԽֻںУԼҵĵĸо
ģߺ뵽ĿУߺڵıҲתߺ岻ϵſеĺ뵽ߺ˳žϵıӿȥ鲻ϵպЩȼ̫ˣ޷仯ǸߺľЩĸӼˣȻһиߺ֪
һʱȥˣߺԺκκҲӸղ״̬Įϳһ˿Цݡ
ڶ죬ᶨʵʱ䵽ˣ˸ˣЩӵĸĸ֪˻᲻ήٵԼӵϣϣԼĺкõʣϣԼĺܹƮڵĳϿУи̨ʵ
̨ŷһˮӣʵӡνʵתٶж죬ͨҲǷֵȼġһַ棬һλϿ뷢һ˺һӺǵͻᱻջأǵаٷ֮ʮٷ֮ʮߵתΪԼ˸˸һʡٷ֮ʮٷ֮ʮӻ΢΢𣬶ʣٷ֮ʮٷ֮ʮǿ⣬ʣٷ֮ʮϵģӷ۵Ĺâŵʣ
һһһͷ߻أҲϵһߣһһһ
ȻӷǿҵĹâҲӻ˯״̬һߣ֣СкȻ֪ߴʲô߰˵Σ
ߣ߽۾Щǵ˿Ск˵İʧҡҡͷ˰Ժѳɴ
Ա߹ۿĸߺаһԵӣʵӲֵǮֻֻһЩӵУ߽ڸߺСʱΪ˸ߺһ
ߺһҲϰ㣬ӣԵԼߺֻоһԼ壬һ룬ߺеӶѱ飬ⶼûü
һĻԶڿ̨ϵ쿴ˣɵĴľûһܽӲģԼ˸ʲô˽Ʈڰ
Ծʱһ̨´Ŀת̨ĿЩͣʲôɫĹâʣǸʲô壿ѲʲҪǮԼһʶûУȻ
Ү磬㿴ҲŶ˵żʱһɰСֱ̨Ÿߺ߽ɺ
ҪϢȥ˸̩壡СŮ˵̨±ȥԽԽԶ̨ϵĳϸ̩Ѿ̧ˣСŮǸߺø
ǸǸ֣ЩԵĶʲôʿˮĿĶԸ߽˵ӣȻʣнʰٷٰ֮
ڸֻ߽֪Цˣı顣
УһҪգ˫Žǣ֣֣Цˡ
ʲô£߽ɱѣЩ֡ղ˼άֹͣˣ˵Ļһ䶼ûȥ
˵ղСŮŮɣƮڣᶨƵĶԸ߽˵
ǣСŮʮ꣬ΪȥУҲֻһ۵ӣİ߽ЩԺ˵
ӣʲôأܽһʵ˲ȥջΪҵ״ӣֱӾŵӣΣʵǱ߽ˣ໰ˣ
ֻ߽˵Ǿ仰ˣǰȻûϸ룬ҲҲ֪֪ƮڵƮ峤ϣҲҩϡҪ˵Լ壬ԼģҪ˼ҿԼһСС߼
뵽ԼŮҲԺͻΪҩʦˣҲ˷ޱȣ뵽˸ղ໰ɵóӣ˭أ
˸ϵ˵ĹϵȻ˺ܶ࣬Ϊ˵ҲˣȻңٺ٣Ҫ֪ʼʺˣΪôһͽҲֵİӴЦ߽ȻǴӦˡ
ߺҲЩȣԼþȻҲǻʣǡԼ෴δʣУԼĸĸԼúԼˣЩԼʱֻмĸԼǰӰԼԶǡ
ĻˣߺߣֻٳѾȲˣߺһƮڵƾʹŸ߼ңȻҲǺǿأ
˵Ҫ뿪ңСޱӿ˰죬ֺ嶺ӦȥƮڡߺ˵ԼҲҪȥƮڣŴӦģ
磬һҪŶ챧ŵСзĳŸߺ
ߺеƣȻҪȥƮڣˣ


4 ;Ϯ
ڸߺʳУˣ⼸ߺΪҲԽȹˡߺãԼٹЩʱգԼŲΪʱԼͿԽˣ
ڲ֪ƮȻ߼ҼУ߼֮һãʺΨиߺڸĸ֮󣬶һǣʹ޷Ѱֱ߽˿ˣ΢΢ҡͷЦţܻĹ񱡣
ڶ峿ոչȥߺѴ㶯ˡȹ߰ɣ֥Щ᲻øߺߺ΢΢һЦڵķ룬Ϊ˸ط꣬ѾȲȥƮˣĲڴˣҲκε壡ϣߺ㷭ȥˣ
ߺӰſ¿ķٱۣʧڸ߽ɷ޵УųȽȽʧʣ޶ҲЯֽ븮ۡ
ۣ𽥴ŸߺԶ׳ǣһĿĵأĳ֮һǣȫĳвһ֮ǰ׳Сǵķ̶ȣǵʮ֮һȲϣ㾳洦ɼڰ׳ȻǸˣ
Ϊĳ֮һŵﲻſӭһǣźɫ˧꣬ɫ˿гۣϵһɫһͷɫһɫ˿һԵý䡣
վסÿ֮˶һӵĽǷѣȥʱسʿȻסӹһӣĵˣȻ󲻹˷ܵǣ߽ȥ
ȻǸߺڳҵʱ򣬸׸һƱΪ·ϵĿĸҲԼǧ˽Ǯ˸ߺƮһҪŸ㡣Ȼ߽ǼǼǮȫǼģҸ߼ҲֻһС壬ô̫ߵأ
ڶϣߺЩ̾ǱϾǴǣǰ׳СпԱȽϵģ߸ָ̯ӣڶڸղţߺģȻֻͼĹһ֪Ǽ٣ڰ׳û̯ӣÿ˶ùʹҲó
߽ǵģȻΪ֣ҽ׵Ҳ֮𣬲ʮӻǽиߺʹѡ
ƷݣϽʮӣ˶ҲҲô˵ˣ
ӣɱɻӰģ˲ǿߣ³֮ÿʮӣͲһˣ

ֽһƬߺԼƽĲгĽȫߣҲֻ߲ŻᶯϼʮӣҪ֪ͨ˼һĿҲӡ
λߺҿʱһϵڸߺ𣬸ߺתһް׵ߣĮĵ֪˼кιɣ
΢ЦŻش׼̶ӵһܼңθСһ飬Ϊ˻һȥǣȻʱ䣬ȥ·ϵǳ࣬ʲôΪԵĻԸ⻤𣿡
ǣԼһĿ꣡ߺ뵽⵭Ķ˵˲۷壬㿴ôԵĻ˵һ±꣡
˲۷壡ЩȵĿ˿ߺͣ벻ССͣȻ˲۷Ϊڳͣ³֮󣬸һٶʮɺãϾ̶ѾŲĸˣ
ߺ΢΢˵ͷԼҪȥǣһ׬кβɣ΢ЦŴŸߺ߽˲Զһˣ
һôСĿԣһŮӶԴߺ˵վһģȥѾߡ
С㣬ҪλС˲ĸְܼҸϽԼС˵
ʱվԱߵһ߰˵ɣȻһ׸ŲΪС㣬ͲõˣԾǸСǰ԰ڣ˷ġ˲Ǹǣ
СҲĵ˵ͷǾ͹˹ӱˣ˳ɣ˵Ѿһ߽УЩƸ߶ԼںܼںǸʢŻĳϣʮ˵Ķ飬ƺƵŶǳȥ
ԶŶٶȣҲ߰ʱͿԵˣߺϸŶǰУںĺ絶Ӱ˵ϣߣҲʱʱ̶̿ʹ䣬˵ҲҪʱʱ̱̿۷壬Ӧͻ¼һ׷ɪɪ
ڣ̫ʧʣںܼҵĽ£̶ҲͣϢµ׷׼ɲһСںҹÿ˶ڻůܺ紵Ϯһ壬Ψģһ̶һŲߣھԱ߲Զһϣ۾΢΢һǸߺˡ
һ캮ϯڸߺľõĲˣѣЦЩԸߺ˵ɶǲƷܼ΢΢̾Ϣһᣬһ·ϾȻ䣬Ȼٺ䣬Ҫͻᶪֻ룬еÿ˶ô룬ǷǳӸߺ϶ûĴү
˳Դĸ׷ڻԱϢСѾҲ߽Լܰ˸߰˲Ա߱šԶźµĸߺŴҹΪһ塣
ŵҹոɲϻѩӳ¡ʱУҹҲһһأЩҹҲס˯Ϯһ˯ˡ
ϮϮһ˯˾ѣͣʲôıСүǸ˹ӱѣĶǸŲ˺
ҸϽ׼һڳ߸ϲĻӦɫ˵Ѿ˯нϢȫվ𣬽סԼıСҲӳ߳ࡣ
ߺ͸ߺʱѾ۾ˣɫĿˣְǱһȦȦתԶ޷ߺ֣ڵϵһֵĵһԼ״̬һϵĴʹЩӲˣ
ŵ˿ߺȻȤ桱ޣҲЩ˼һп㣡ߺĿߣеĳδֹͣתң
ѾһԱˣ㱻ˣλСԸߺһ·ϵġ׳աŭͷ棬ҲʹԸߺ͵˼ޣȥ
ߺɫ㣡䣬õõѾܽˣһĽ˶䣬ãͱٶΧʵʵġ
ʵʵĽǵĲҲʹȥȻĻٺ٣һһλڶ֮ǰ˵껹һЦϵİ̺ͬ˰㡣
λϴ׼̶ӵˣѸ棬׼ҵϷǰѣԸһǧƱΣܼҿʼ档
һǧϲģ򷢽лذɣǸüŭӡʱһආЦϴ㿴м椣ղŵֻźͺּܼۻˣû󿴣һۿȥ˫ڣǧƱҲҪүǿǸƯ椣Ժҵѹկˣ
û˶߰׼С˵ĻЩ׼ҴСֱӱŭˣҪ¸߸ҸףЩɶĵܼһЦԼСƢ̫ˣٸԼСһ仰ͰϣˣԼһ˺ѻȥ
Ȼ׼ҴС˵仰ˮһһ˾ͲҪ»ˣŮģҿ֮ǣôһֱŪ
С㣬㣡ԷţŲĸ֣ǲĻ͸ҹɣʱǸ˹ӴȻվСǰЩв
ش仰һ˹æеĽǰƵõѶţΧ˵ȫк˸ıУ˿
սһȻ̶ⷽʵǿᣬǶԷ̫ˣ˵ԷҲǿߣ˵ڵĹ˹ͱֱ𱻼˲Χ޷˼ˡǸСҲߣȻ߲۷ΪǸѾߣһһлս
ߺеģվڰĮĹ۲ⳡսеĳȻڲתڸߺԼѾˣ̶ӵĴԼδϵʲô
սţ𽥿ʼȻǱߵȽϴһЩϾֻһȺں֮ڣΪβ룬󲿷ֻΪЩֻ㣬߰˲ľô
϶ĿŲΪɱǣͺðˣЩסˣȺĶĵңһҲ˵ͷ
ȫһΪ¶УٲȻŲĸ֣ǸĶ컹Ų۷Ϊ˻űǸνĹ˹ӿȥֻһ˹ŲΪͱʬĶΣû˿ڶһĻˣԷȻŲĸ֣һ۷ΪĸڣԼȥϣСˣһ㶵Ĺ̶˼ˣ̶ֻʮˣ
ɱ˹˹ӵֽųͳȥȻ˸ղǸ棬תȫֵ˵Ĺʱһ˲˸ߺסߺȥеıҲŶԷȥߺ͵סת˲䱻ߺӽгһȥϮߺˡ
ߺãһ㱻ڲԶˣһȺӵߺĮһ˿ŭ˲Ҳˣұɱ֮ߺĽһųЩȥʮʱ䣬Щߺȫɱ
ߺܳһʬ壡ȻŲˣֳһȥɱߺ
ߺŶԷҲתϣֳֽٳȥæеסߺĳߺĳĳϣǱѸٱߺĳһȱڡ
Ҳòˣʮಽ̧ͷԾĿŸߺԷ˲ΪȻܹԼˡ
ҲǰһĻˣߺɲЩŶԷԾ˲ȫתϣʹ齣ĵУֻһŲͱ̴࣬Ǹ
ȫɣߺĳбָŵ棬ǰŲȥ


5 Ʈ
ǳѪɫҹֱԭļžߺһŲȥŲҶĵϣɳɳЩһööһ䵽ڶϣʹǵɪɪ
ߺԽԽ죬ֱɱеĽڸߺܵȥŸߺĳޱȣÿһһʻ
һ·ϲ֪նɱ˶ֱ嵽ŲǰߺʼʹóԲ齣ߺĳһȥҲعеıӭߺɱһ
Ŭȶһ޿Ǵһڷʲô㶣Ҳ˲ΪղŵĵҲ̫ˣɱ
Χ޿ĺҲعߵĵ˿ȥ̶ӵҲĺһعˣսһ𣬲Ȼս̶ӵ硣ͶһںսĸߺȻתɱԼߵ
ߺ˲ΪŲսԼоЩǼţ齣һʹóȻһ壬һһһߺĽ˺ˣϵĺʹ嶼һ㼦ƤǺı̶ȣͺñѩ죬κվѩһ㣬ɺʹĶҲ΢һ£ֻһȴֹ
ߺԼ˺·һ£֪ܲԼ£ڿԼԼһӡ˵ؿڵಿλ䡱һߺѸٰඳᣬҲˣ
ڸߺһ֮ҲˣߺæһתסĳϾǲִٷߺҲԷˣԷҲһ˲ų뵽ԼڣߺδˣΪԷڽߺ֮󣬾ͱߺڵѸٱ߽⡣
ߺʹ齣ԶһˣһһŶңϿʼһѪۣһУڶҵĲϣûѪǶûˣǸߺԷĺѪܶѣѪҺҲסˣҲֻӣһѪ
ƣߺĿվڲԶ죬ʱĴɫһһףԼҲŲ۷ΪθߺսСǣˣʱһˣղŸߺԼɱʮˣôʱսΪͱ̶֮˵͵һսʮˡ
Ȼ̶Ҳʮ˱˲ʮˣ󲿷ƸȫˣֻʣŲ˲ˡ
վס˭ˣǽ˵ʱ򣬸ߺ
СӣҳǺǣ㿴̶ﻹʮˣǻвһˣʹôҲǵĶְɣҪŪƲһպܻĶԸߺ˵
Ҳ̶֮ˣߺδСһۣĶ
Сܼߺ˵仰ֳԳɫԼϳȴԼ˵ľݣ
֮ˣΪҪǣ߳ŭ۸ɵҲûô۸ģɱԼŲֵܣ˳ſԼʮˣ˼һҲǵĵˣ˭Ҳܲ˰ɡ
ǵȹҵģ֮ǰûɱһˣߺɫҵּңұɱ֮
仰ͫһǴϽɱСֵܣǴ㲻ˣÿ񰡣㲻˲۷ѣôɱأȰ㣬˻ʶһĺã
Ǻǣɱɱ˵˲㣡ߺһЦбΪų
Ų㣡Ǻ̶ӵ˶ˣ
ԭ꾹ȻŲĸ֣ˣۻ軨ˣܼҳ̾һ
ɫԷ˲ܻɱŲΪǿߣڶԷȻŲ㣬Լˣûлϣˣ
ɱߺ³һɥǵ֣ߺӰڶȥһ£һ߾ʬ¡еķܣеķĹߺܵܣɱıɱֻʣˡ
ҰɣҰЩղض㣬ҶҪˣڸߺǰһѱһģСаʮĸмĶҪ
ԼСģߺ
ҴȥֻҪԸңּۻۡ˵ߺɫɵȻ
ڸߺıУԼСλø˸ߺ˵ԼСλõһӣͷ뿪Լ塣
ߺǸ˵ľλãҵС⣬澹Ȼ߰Ʊмӡ⻹һֵĺɫʯͷʯͷŨ
ߺɽկл˲ٱŮٸߺÿʮӣı·ȻǷܹصȥͿԼˣ
ߺµɽȻ˻ԭص׼̶ӣ
ǺǣܼЦӭߺ
ʲô£ߺɫ䵭ĶԺܼ˵
ܼȻ֪鲻ôð죬ʧȥһǿߵıԼʮôܼأҪٻضǣﵢʱ䣬Լΰ
ղŵС϶СİЩˣԭ£ҵȶȹѹأ
СȻҲ֪̬ԣӯӯߵߺǰӨӨǰǹˣ빫ԭ£
ԷˣߺȻҲС֮ˣӦ˶Է󣬺ܼҲ˸ߺĿĵ֮ߺһǧĳͣ
һ·ϣȻҲмǸεıȻһϡڸߺǿʵ֮£оյĹȥˣ
֮¡ˣܼ֣صĶԸߺӦߺĳҲ˸ߺӨӨҲĶԸߺӣǻټ𣿡һ·ϣ֪ߺǿӨӨԸߺ㺣һ·ϲ϶ԸߺʾԼ⡣κŮģΡӨӨһ·ϵıʾߺӶ
ԵԻλߺˣ˵ߺԶȥ
ܼҿŸߺԶȥӰӨӨ̾һС㣬ҪˣǿԺ󲻻̫ĽϾǲһˣԺעҪһɳ죡˰ɣ˵ҲӨӨתС
ʵಢ̫Զˣߺҹ㵽ƮڡƮλ߾ɽƮɽߵһɽ壬ƮƮΪ壬Ȼչɣ
ߺվƮɽǰ棬޴ޱȵɽţ̾ѣƮɽʹһ޴İɫʯͷȫ̶ɣʯͷȻʮ׸ߣ׿ҵһʯͷҰᵽҲǷǳѵģɽźǳĽݡ
ǰŰɫ·ճƮŵڰأ˽Ϊڸ߼ң߿ԳΪӵһƮȴֻΪˡ
˭Ʈڣ˲ڣȥеһʮ˵סҪĸߺ
һƮڳƼģҵƣߺ˵Ű˳ǸӿƺЦԭʦְ۵ңʦԭҸղŵðҲǲΪ֮ĵӶԸߺǸ
ô֪ҽΪŵӵģ˭𣿡ߺЩ֡
ԭöϣǺɫģֻŵӿʦֳƮڣ֪ȥ·ɣΪʦִ·ɣʦֹգ
ߺ˵ͷǾ鷳ˣҽиߺ
һ·ϣߺһ߿;ľɫһ߿£ڲͬĵطԣ
ʦ֣ǾƮڵĽָһطԸߺ
ߺ˳ָĵطȥֻһɵľ޴Ĺ㳡ϣŮٸ
УֻǿŵӲС͵ܹӿٶӹΪãȻûŵӣŵÿ˶ԼأǽڵϣǲܳģҵԸԴﵽ澳磡ҿɫɫˣгĽ
ߺһЦԺһԸģڴȥȡɣ
˴ŰСʱվһǰŴųȡͷ䣡㣬ȻҴȥס
ߺ˽ȥŴܴ󣬳ʮɣտյģֻжŵһߣǸս߲İɣȰ㻹ǲҪˣȵأÿ߲ĵӶԳΪŵӣ
ֻ߲ϵĿԳΪŵӣصʱΪʱֻҪ߲ĶԳΪŵӡ߲ǵͼŵӣ˲мŵӣŲǸ߼ŵӡ߼ŵӵѡһ۵ӷԼȨһûУΪⲻҪԼԸ⣬ҲҪԷͬ⡣
ΪŵӣǾҪˣѶҲܴһոս߲ǲܳɹģ
ߺ΢΢һЦҿһһ°ɣϿߺģ΢΢ҡҡͷָԱߵһľ׮ȫȥܹ׵ӡǣŵˣ
Ͽߺֻһ۵ӣ߲ˣľ׮ӡǣһ˲ĶӡǣΪҪȹǿΪҲϵһЩ˲ܹﵽɣ
ߺľǰֽճȭϲΪһ˲䱬Ų㡣
Ŷ벻Լˣ΢΢ȵĿ˸ߺһۣǲԴΪ⣺ҲǸмŵӣǿҲѣ
ȣŸߺĵͺȡһȭͷľӴһǿ鱻ߺеľڸߺǿĳ֮£Ѹ漷ȥͺƵġ
ȸߺȭͷʱһȭͷӡľ׮ϣȭӡлð˿˿
ʮףʮףԭӵı鲻ˣ۵ĳɼˣֻл澳ܹɵ˺ߵĲףʲôһŲ߾Ȼܹľʮ׵˺
΢΢ƽϢһľˣǸ߼ŵˣ·ƣķƷ壬һÿ˵ķͿԽȥˡǸ߼ӣѡһ۵ӷ̣Ȼ˫ͬ⡣һߵݸߺһɫŵ·һɫƣһ߶Ըߺ˵
ߺϵݸԼ㶵˵ϣһһģһģ˵ŸߺƵݸϡ
ŴкȻϵŭ𣺡и߼ŵӵóˣΪʲôҪ˷ѱϵʱ䣬в԰㶺ǰɣ


6 ¹
ྡʵõ˺ܺõ֣ԭΪ۵ҪϵĺЩͬһŵģϾʱſҲȫĵͶ뵽ȥ
ڿˣʵû뵽ԼֻǴŸߺҺĵĵһȴôĻر
ߺŴг֮󣬱ңԸµ۵𣿷ҲҪЩеûĵĶ԰ȫŵУҴ·Ļرɣ
ʱ򿴵Ǹƣ֪ߺ֮϶Ÿ߼ӣΪǸƣɫƣľǸ߼ӡû뵽ԼĴ·ܹõôĻر
ߺҲûб뷨ûжԷĴ죬ԼҪҵŴ²ôףҲԼľ֮ͣûʲôѶȡ˷ܵ˵϶ˣҡԸ⣡
Ʒ壬λƮߵɽϣڴ˷֮ϺܶԺ£ÿһŵӶԼһ䣬ѡ˷ҪǸдԼ֣Ѿ˾ס
ߺʱѾסĲˣϾظչµһŵ۵нټ滹ЩʸŵӣʣµҲûˡ
Ȼûм䷿ӣߺҲöѡˣ߽һӣվ˵ʦܣԻȥˣÿ첻õ£µĻҾͿˣ
ҹĶԸߺһϹʦֵĴΪһõõҵʱʦ־˵Ҷ߾ȫ˵תƷ壡
ߺ󣬸ߺ΢һԼķ䣬һʡء䲻ʮƽڱһŴмһӣ֮⣬֮ˣҲŲ±Ķˣ
߱ˣ߲ΪܣֻΪ˿ɼ۷壡
ߺֻǵĴһ£ȥȥһˣѡһµĹԼϾȼ̫ˣµ˼ؼ켶ԽҲԽ󣬵Ȼò֮еľ裬ǻѡһͼĹʹأ˼ͼ
ߺƷ壬һ·˲ڵɽ塪ĺ塣
վĺϵĲؾǰһ㱦һ޴ĳһ㴣ĺ֮ۡа棬ֱࡣ
ߺԵĿ֮˲ţսŸߺһסˣˣóƣ
ߺת壬ֻվһΪߣͷϵͷףü£Ȼֵĳȡ
ߺ˿ϽԼƽߣǰҵƣ飡ߺ֪ܹйߣһ˷豹ľ磬Ǹеĸ֣
⿴һ۸ߺƣ߾ͻ˸ߺŵӣΧһ㣬ʱܿţȥɣ
ߺӹƹĶ߾һлǰ߰ɡЩͷĻ˻֣ȵߺԶĬĬĵ˵ͷëͷСĻԲʣȴѲŰʮŲΪ츳Ҳ˳ɾͣȴû˵ĸ䣬־ҲǿܹɳضʹƮڸӻԻͣ
ߺڴһ־ȣƮڵҩڴоȻëͷСӣȻָ֮ϣΪҩѾʦֵܵĹϵˣߵıˣ
ߺȴûЩΪһ¥ӴܾˣʼΪЩǹأϸĶ֪Լˡ
õĲֻǹ˴־·ͨȡмֻܷŵ˼ͬϵУܷͬš
ߺСҲǷûԸΨһԸ̫СԸߺ֪ʷ֪
ԣߺߵһܣһ˴Ŀţ֪ˣ½ͨ쳹صУмˮƳɹģǱˮƣҺԼһǶżȻ£ʹͨˮƱ仯һָǿˮ״̬
һߺǰЩ˽ˣ֮ڵĲδ¼Уʲô֣ߺһ֪ߺû취ͰЩȷˣ򹦷Щܡ
θߺǰѡһһƷʵѡһṦ֪Ҳ֪̰õĵԴȰѹ뽣Լܹļ£ȻѡṦ
ϵĹĿţ򣬵һǹߺһĿľվվţɽָĹߺһߺ˼ǰ󣬲ϿеĽܣѡ˳վ
վ˼ߵֻǲбЩҲߵļ֮һ˵ˣⱾǴһʹԼܣԽԽ࣬糤Ӱ֮ߡ
ȻǱĹǸߺΪȻ˾ûô򵥣ֻΪ˻еʲôҪȥⲿأ
ߺƷǰϸһһȥɳƣɽƣʯ֣ƣɽơǸߵȶǿƷνиߺ˼˺þãѡһɽƣȷѡⱾƷǸߵƷд־һƷߺûѡ£ֻѡⱾƷ
ѡĸߺڣȻȥʱظֳˣǼһѡĹɣߺĽݸߣ߿üͷ΢΢ߵüͷüҲһһģ
ȼǱȽϸߵˣȻ츳˵ãһǲеˣס˲һڳԸӣҪԣĳĽѵߺ
ߺȻԶҲܷӳÿȫԼٴԼʵǰ̶֪ٱң֪Լ츳ļʲôط
ǰģҼȻѡȻֵףߺɫгţظ߿ȴҡҡͷĵʧܺȻ׵ģ˲ޱ֮ˣǳһǵһǣˣ£ҪʱأסҪ⴫ǱߵǼһ°ɣظ߲Ȱ裡
ߺǣ˳ĺ壬λȥûлƷ壬ƷֻڿջһĴڣƮڣﶼûеҵֶλ
ߺƮڵȺɽĴѰңҵһ˼ĵطҪطһĺ
ߺںӱ߼׵֦һΪʱȻȲеǱվߺѸٸıɳվվʮ㣬ÿһкܴĽȻֻһбǸߺоԼıȫֲȱ㡣
ߺ֮пʼ򳤺վվʮ㣬ߺʱתߺŲתɳյֻﵽ˳յĵ㣬ߺԼûеޣվԼͻƣ
ڶ죬һĴߺҲֻͻƵվĵ㣬⻹ǸߺܹտеĺΪõԭȻͻƵ߲㣬ҪΪӴҪٶǴһͻƵʱ䣬ҲΪγվȻ˽׶Ĺ֮ȴ޼ԭ
ڸߺڵѾǰ˽һ룬ҪСһ룬˵ûǰĸߺڵܹϵ֧սʱѾԳϵսʱˡһ£ƾе£Էˣ㻹һǸʲô
ߺӴվ֮󣬻һǣߺȻڰˮУϾǶ죬ˮ̫ļߺ΢΢һסӰȻźɽƵʽˮв
ɽƹУпʹɽƣ޴ʹ֮ʯӵһƿʼһǿһƣһƸʤһơűϾţֻһĹ򣬸ߺޱˣ
̺ǿĺɽƣˮвϵıߺʹɽƻеˮ̷޴˻ߺҲֲ˴˵ĴӺɽƵһевϰţǿ뺮ʹøߺɽƵΧһ㵭ıˮͺ䣬οиߺǱ̬ĺĳվˮ治Żأ
ɽƵĸߺǰһ±㶨סˣˮȻסˣˮȴǲϵӿӲһ̶ˮˮȴǲģվͲӦֻǻڲϻ£Լˮ޴ڵģӦÿطⳤ
ոߺվںвٶˣˮشӸߺԻͬڸߺڵĳƵãڸߺڲϵĵӣڸߺƶ£ڸߺֻʣµûˡ
ΪҪĵطߴͻָĵطʧȥô֮ڵҲ޷洢ָˣ
ŸߺĲϷɢڵļڵĿȱϵıߺţ˵Щڵеı󣬲ϵıı䣬Щر˸Ϊĺ֮ǰĺҪĺڵĳӦýкˡ
ϵıߺյУߺĳվҲͻƵıԵڡ䡱һߺĳվԸͻƵ˵߲㣬ʱߺ˫ҲȻȫĺǰȥ֮ڣֻһߺвϵı˳Ƽѹǹһ֮Զĺˮ׷׶˱һһɵıγɣ˳ˮߺߺˣȻȻȻʹ˺ɽƵƵضɽҡһǱ÷飬һƮɢڿС
ߺڵȻͬһ㲻ϵǳվУһЩԭߵļȱʧˣ˵վֻǴ˵ǺûУдϵġֲãվûһԸʹҲûгɹģ߽һߺԼа˼
վ˵߲㣬ɽҲɹô˵УԭѾǳˣǸߺǾٽһʹԼЩĵƣҪ֪ûеƵˣԶߣ㲻ǿߡ
ߺɽԼͻ˵߲㣬ʮӴʹóУôԼƷľˣɽƲ˵ɽ䶫ɽе£ô˵ɽȫһǿɵƷרΪ׼ģԼһԸˣ
ͨ˺ɽƵ壬ĿȻȷˣôһԼֻҪŬΪ׹ͿˡߺңҿԼ³վΪӴȻԼںɽƵƻߵмǻأ
ڸߺѾˣͻ˳վĵڰ˲ȥ󽻻ѡһṦͿˣѱùˣ


7 ¶â
ʱæµģԶҲͣԼĽŲ͵ĽŲ£ؽգ˺£˴ķ¡
ߺӱаˣվΪ˽׸߼ڸߺҹ£ҲҪͻƵ˲ˣܴ󡣷ǺɽƣûжĽֻǱԭˣʹóҲ˺ܶࡣ
ںϰɽƵĸߺغһڸߺܣˮһ磬˳ź¡ߺѸٳˮдƣȻƣһˮоȻϵķϼǸߺס˽һʳ
ϣߺ·Ա߿㣺ҵĺɽҪٽһ·ҪԼĳվﵽ˲пˣ˵Ψһȱٵľʵս飡⼸ߺֻںˮϰɽƣûʲôʵս飬ʵսϰܹ鲻һһڿõ㣺˵ϵĴ󲿷ֶŵеٮٮߣȥҼ֣Լĺɽƻʲô㣡
Ǹߺһ磬꿾㣬ߺ򵥵ʰһ£ʵҲûʲôʰģֻǰڸѡ
һеĸߺȥ˲ȰȥϾԼѾˣҲˣңҲȥѡṦڵһĸֻȫŰɱЩʵǿĸֻ֣ӲƴûṦᴦڱ״̬Ϻöࡣ
Уߺƽ˵ظߵǰˣա
İɣҲǵģ޷ɹӦЩҪѡʲôظĳĽŸߺ
ߺ΢΢һЦⱾվͦõģҲٻˣлǰģѡһṦ
ߺ˵仰߻ʶ˵԰ǲϧûмɹߺȻЩعδˣ˵ѡѲѣ
ǰѽվɹˡߺֻȻһ仰ȴ߾ȵһסļ򣺡˵ģģ
ߺʱ˿̲֪жǿֻͨһȴоԼĹͷҪˣԼվڼϣŸо΢Щɣʹޱȣ
ظʱʶԼΪߺϽֵ麹ȻŲкӣظе㲻˼ο
æɿֵظߣĿһû뵽츳ⱾӰղضˣȻҲǱ˽׹ٱЩúܷܶ࣡ɹҪ츳ˣ
ǰԴ˹кμ𣿡ߺһظߣõ˹ľ飬Լߺܶ·
ظεЦЦⱾģģһֱûɹǺһֱûʱͿԼˣҳԷ˹ظһ߲źһ߽˲
ߺɲûЦӸղԼ߲һ򵥵ˣ˿вϧĹǾǱ˵ôԼҪ˽Ṧѡˣ
ǰⱾʱ黹ߺһЦŲ溰
ɹٻҰɣɹһ£Σ洫ظ󵭵
ߺ֪ԼԿȴ֮ˣˣǰأϣߺӰɴ뻳Уת˲
ĺ壬ߺһɫѾɽˣ˼һ±ȥɣոߺԼסƷȥ
ѾڸߺǰˣΪиŵҪ鷳˵ԼΪʶֻиߺܹæ鷳ߺ˭֪֮ߺûڷڣڸߺǰŸߺһȱȥˣ
Ѿˣ˵ʱֻʣһˣҲɵЩˣҡͷЦ
Ŷʲôʣһ죬ʦôҵǰҾʱһȻϤ
ֻͷһһ±վۼĿǰӰʦ֣ҡҿŸߺϤѾ˵ϻˡ
ߺЩ֣ңôˣұ۾ƽһԼ飬ߺ
ԭģǰʵʵԼסؼزľžͱһɾ޴ƬƬ飬Ҳ߻ħΪʧľһӰ˽˵ҽشӵվ޺޵Ŀߡ
й룬Լ۵ӱģΪǰ˹۵ӣ˻ģϧΪ۵ӣǰҵΪϵ
Ѿ˵Լ۵ӡƽսö֪ϼˣΪӽһ֣ϺԼҵİˣҪϵҵΪʶֻиߺŵӣֻҸߺԼ
ߺĮһЦȥҼ˽һ£û뵽ȴǱԼĲ硣ûϵ˭˭һǴܣߺ˵
Աߵȴһ㶣ʲôʲô
Ǻǣˣҹɫȥңһȥߺһתһ˵
ҲߺһתƷ壬صԼסߺҵ飬Ѿġ
ڶ죬ߺӭųһ·ҲԸߺ˵ˡŸ߼ŵӣŲ۷徳磬ʵǿʹó˺ܶŲ۷ĵӣƮŵӹΪŵڶˡΪʵǿĵӣƮŴȣٻڶϴ¼һһö
һֱΪ߼ĵҩʹ֮ȻͻƵǰľ磬ǻǿ˵ļδʹ֮ǰһŲ˻һŲ۷ˡ
ʹȻŲŲ۷֮˺пܻ¡
峿Ҳʮ徻ȻвֻҪܹΪڴһϵҲڡ
ڸߺʱѾнʮˣеڴеڲϰԼ书û˶ռһССĵطš
ڸߺҪʱһվ˵ǰסȥ·˭ֻʵǰһĵӲܽһ۵أԹɣ
м书ĵͣ۴мĿŸߺˣɵX
ÿ˶Ըߺ˵۶ͬͬǣԶôĺסߺ˵ĵܵ۷׷׵ˣԵЩˣ
ɣȻҲϵ˵껹вԵȭͷ
Ƕߺɫû˿ı仯ȻĶʵߺʣԵ԰һ¡ŵܾ
Ҵ㣬ؾͿԽ˰ɡߺϳս⣺ŵӸߺֽһ¸У
һ¶ԷĿܾû뵽ӭȴһսֱЩԼĶ䣺˵ʲô
ߺԸ˷ʱˣȻԷԼʵжԼ˼ɣ뵽ߺѸٰγԷȥܾʵ벻ߺ˵û˵ͰνȻܾѾܣǱϾ̫ˣûȫܡ
һܾǰ·ơܾɫʱҹңߺһ֮󣬲ûмǳֽ˵ҪսȥӮҹȥ
ûˣһȥģΪϣȸߺ˵ܾ꣬˻ƵʹĻ
˵ܾеĿߺȥĵĦ͡ƿߺżһ㣬Աȥ㿪˳ĹܾɨȥܾһһУæطؿǰɨ˿ϣܾϴľ޴ĺ岽һɺܾڴƻӺܾŰǹڱƳ
ܺãȻҽ˶ˣܺãܾ߳ŭſǵһϵߺߺδṦȻ֪һǶܲˣͻᴦƣԷѹŴ
ߺһ齣ʹóһһĽԷĹĿһսĸߺ뵽ܾ߰ǿʵȸƽ߳ܶడƽ˵ǬŵԲƭˣƭǱƷģǸ߽˵ƮڲǬڰΪΡ
սߺľ񽥽ܾĵһ·еŲ㶼ûܾʽƽȲߺţƽܾսʮУƽذɡƺòʵȥҲҪߺ̾Ϣ
ˣΪֹɣܣߺתڵó齣ĵʮУһͽܾĳˡܾĻڱǿˡ
ܾ㶵ĴǣɵĿ˿ڵˣֿ˿ԶĿ۾ڸߺϣЩĺôأôܰһأղһʱ⣡
ܾЩܵİǿӶЩȻû궼в˳ɹսɹǣǶǴӵ͵ͨһսһģûһս̨ŰǿߣֱսģһɹˣԷӦ½ŵӰɣʵҲ̫ǿˣ
ʱĸߺܾҪٴսмЦһ£ԶҵĶ֣ҶҲûˣһҳԼսܵˣܳԽң㲻ΪҵĶ֣߰ɣ
ܾ˵ЩߺڲˣɨһȦΧ۵ˣв𣿻ΪҲվϵģԼսҡߺ˵ֱ꣬վһ
˶ˣ߹ӵİɣսߣڵãȫˣԷڳ˱սߣԼȴǳսˣ
Сܵܣ̫ˣôɲŶһ仰ȥɣʱһĵ·£һҡҷŮˣ壬һнŮѹ
Ų̊ϣǽСֻߺߺһ־ץס֣ʹ֮ǰֺ
ߺˣû뵽εСȴôĺ۰ǺϸʹڳеͣǾǲһ·ʮ־Ůӡ
δȸߺ˵һذױŸߺĺߺæʹһţѣȥ˸ߺһ
ߺýվ֮󣬿ɱŮӣԼ겻ϵϰԣοԼҪˣֲЩȫŮˣ
ŭĸߺһȥһŤ˸ߺһذߺͷ­ȥߺţԼǳذ׻ͷԼԴԻ롣
ŭĸߺʹóɽеڣһֻذ׵̺ĺɽƣδϢȵˡܵɺϢĻȻɵıУذһѹذ׵Ĳѹߺƣڻ￴ʹֻ֣ԼǿҲʹ֮ѡʵܴڲࡣ
ذ׵Ĳ͸ߺߺֲûжѣﱻһĵˣҲ˶ԷޱȲ˵һǿһľ˼˺ʹ³һѪľŰæ£Ǳ
ѾȵĿɿڴҲ̫˰ɣղŵĻߺ֪˭ǿ֪Ϊصĵ


8 ߡ벽
ڲϵڼ֤ߺһĻ̫ӳЩŵϣԵЩ㱡
ߺϵһ̫ˣŰ֮УǴ֮оͿԺˣֻڿС㣬ԼԵݵıݡߺʵ˼һžͿռһϯ֮أ˼ûУֱԼ˿˼Ҳųѵǣһ¾ǵ͵λλȽϿǰģ
žžžһμٵ˵۷׷ףһȽϿε˽ĺ滹һ裬΢еݵˣңû뵽һʵ㲻İ֣ɣҷŹ㣬ֻԶһ۾Ϳ԰Ȼ뿪ˣұ֤Ժ鷳
һ׷ϲüң⿡εǹ룬ųŵڶӵӣǸˣﵱȻ֪ǹĸࡣ˵ĻڶŵȻˣε¼ʲôˡ
ߺӶԷУȻ֪˴˵ݣ¼ĸԴߺĿ˹һֻۣоԷЩϤԼһ£оԼ벻ˣ㲻ˣãսɣߺ˵껰΢΢бָڵĳվҲΪѸٵתղŵսڵĸߺȤѾȫˣ
ֻǵƳ˸ߺһۣһЦƾ㣿ʵʵ˵ȻղŵսֵĻƾڵ㻹ԶԶҵĶ֣ǽ۵Էһ۶˵ȽϺ㣡
˵;ֱվһԵңҲһ۸ߺߺһԳһЦԼþô𣿼ȻԷ֣ԼͿ̵ʱ
վٽԷȥ뿴ߺȻҾٽԼƣҲŭˣȻ㲻ʶ̧٣ǾͲҪˣӢǸ۵ӸӢæеĽ˫ַϣ
һԼƷ˳׼ߺеĳ⣬ӭȥ
ߺ֪ԼıԷıԼ̹֮֮ʽΪԷȿȥһԷȻУ˫һ࣬˸ǰշڰгߺߺ֪Ѿûʱˣһ齣ʩչԼıӭȥ
һ󡰶أƷˣ۸ߺĳ϶ȱ飡
ȻǱҲʵһ֣ӵƷңԶԶǶ֣һеı̫ӳ½䣺䣬ôˣ㾹ȻҾܽңҾͷ֣֪һҵ
ߺתŹ룺ȷһӶȲϣʵ˵ԼʤǷ֮أ
ڲԼСѾˣȴ˵ԼûܣƤܺ񰡣ӵĿŸߺ
Ǿһ°ɣߺ˵ȫȫԴԴϵתУߺԼҲѸٱ룬齣ȫʩչǸߺԴӻܸƽ״ȫʩչ齣ͬʱߺҲ֪ԼҪˣ
Ÿߺ֪˵Լսıֻ֣һЦһʩչ˸ĻٶȣȻڿзವı
ߺͫһ㣬⽣˽׸߼ޱȣߺʱⲿҺĶǴ˽ޱȣҪϵĻӽնʯ
ϰⲿٶȣûӳһʱӳѾѡ˽׸߼ĸߺ˵˽̫ķʱ뾫ˡû뵽Ȼѡ˴˽ҿѾ¯ˣ
ߺ֪ȥԼ䶨ˣԼһԷӳʹһסˣһҲῳԼϣԼˡ
ߺһģֻʹˣ֮һģڿˣԭ¸ߺֻͻƹ似Ϊƣֻʹˡ
齣ߺе³е֣վ߲ں齣һеĽϣһѱӴһ𣬵ǹ벢ûпڶΪֶԷһеάֵʱ̫ˡ
ԷԴԴϵĴӽӿԼԼϯû뵽Լ壬תȫߺӵȥ
ϵĽţĲײʹм䲻ϵķۡɼ֮ǿ
أЩסˣɫЩҰס۸ߺɫɺޱȡôôҵˣΪʲôҸоҵ֮ײĹУѸټ١Ϊײɢ֣Զʧˡ
ߺҲ΢΢Щ棬û뵽ԼıԷֿʱ򲻶ϵıŶԷͬɼϧգֻܹʹãԼյĻ׼ߺĻܵǹˡѾˣԴʡԼ
ԽԽԼԽԽ٣ò˶ãԼͻΪ˥߶ˣ䡱һ֮£ǿжԼ뱦ϰʮ֮Զ
ۡһǿж˺صˡ
˺󣬸ߺеĳҲһصмԭߺĳˣߺ֮Ʋûеʱ飬ˣ
ߺЦŶԹôȽһ㣡˵ӢȥӢϵĺˣʲôʦ־Ұ
Ҳɫ˵ѣһߣպߺƳһۣҲǸղҪ۵ΪʱôأģҪһһսߵݣ
ߺҲûȥ룬ӢڸӢϵУһȥӢͱˣ㲻ϲƽľҸһƽĻᣡҹ
Ҽߺߣʦ֣
˵ĳ̶Ƿһߺĵ˲˸ߺ˼Ȼ˵㣬ʤ
Ȼ֪ԼʧˣһζɵСӴˣ޺޵Ŀһ۸ߺһ죬һᳬģʱһὫɱΪҵĵʯ˵󣬲ӢߺԼ˵Զ
ãͽˣԼħԼȥ㲻սʤ˵ˣߺ˵ԱϥָԼ
ûøߺʧǸӢΪԶԶңּϸղŸߺһƣɾӮ˸Ӣ
Ӯ֮󣬱㾲վ˸ߺ󣬾ĵȴߺ
˭ҵĵܹܵ룿˵ȴߺʱһϵˡ˶ϰΪˡʲôӣһĶдӱ
˶εĿ˿󣬿ǲκ˳֡ˣ뵽⣬Ӷ亹ֻиߺ΢΢۾վ£֪ǣ
ߺ˵仰һӰԶѸٱĳһĿ졣ֻգۼ͵ġ
ڵӵһ¾;ŵӵһĹƱǹ׸磬е˵Ѿﻯ澳磬е˵δﻯ澳磬˵硣ܽһ仰˺ѾռŵһԴŲ㿪ʼͰռţֱ֪Ϊ
Ȼ֪˵ŵУΪ߳ǰΪΡ
ŶԷĵߺ΢΢ЦСģľͳ˴Ļ᲻ϵģߺո˵ЩһǿϮߺһ澳磿ߺæתʮʹóɽƣһƻǹεǹߺһƣķֳ룬Ÿߺͨľ׮Ϯȥ
žľ׮ǹ룬Ȼоǹεߣĸֳ˵С˵ĹȻģƱѾﻯ澳ˣһŮ૵
ߺȴ侲ĸ˸Լ˵㲻һĵԼǻ𣿡
ߺ˵仰׷׾ѲɹƱǻ澳ߣΪܹշˣ
ʱ򣬹ƱЦα֪ô࣬˺ҵĵܵܣǾ͵˵ƱѸٵķɱȻȫһȭߺȥ
ָĸߺȻɽʹóһӭƱȭͷվȫеĺȫ˫ƻۡ
䡱һߺ˶ʮƱ岽˫ʮ־ȡߺʵû뵽ԷôԼתȫѾֲޱȣһȥǧȻԷ˶ʮ
ȻԷĹƱҲЩ죬ΪĿţɽǿޱȣΪԼԽԷܶ࣬ԼԼҲԷܶࡣ
ߺٳԾսԽԽŨڣҵһƾеĵ֣Լſһս
ߺ𽥷ſԼģپԼʵƱɫҲСӣʵʸҳˣȻҵĶ֣
ߺһЦллھ˵ԼѾʤˣܲ𣬺˲Ҫ˵ˣǲĶֿʵɣ
ƱɱһСӣǱңɻϧûʮ꣬Ӣˣ
ţأƱ˫ȭţ֮ߺȥȭһȭ磬Щʯȫǹȭʣȭͷϣͷ­ǵñɽɡ
ߺʾɽƵСضɽҡߺð˿˿ۼֱ̫ѩһף·𱻶ˡ
ڴУȭཻཻһɢȥ
ǰ˶˴һһƬ𣺡ӣҽˣôأϻɳӴˣҰ㴵ɣ
󣬲µĺܶҵԼ氮
ߺ֮ͣ󣬷׷׺ˣߺϱǿȭͷһѿڣƱ˫򱻶òϵľҲЩˣǣ
Ʊһ󣬱ˣͷų⣬֪Щǳ䣬ԼĻԼҲʱ޷ʹЩˣֻ÷ˡжǿɱУϿ˫ƾС
ɱߺͺһ˫ƷɣɽƲϵĴӸƱ𣬹ƱţȭҲȭĹߺ
ߺǿһƱؿڣƱ׷ȭͷ¶ϴߺ°͡ߺƱִֵʹó齣һУƱ󣬹Ʊͬ仯ΪȭߺĶӡ
˫ͬʱжԷߺĺʮŶӡƱҲԭؽԼֵ
ۣߺ³һѪʹǿվǿʱͻ˻棬ҿ²Ƕ֣ѡ·Դˡ
Сӣ㲻Ųʲôʸ̵ңƱŭĺ
ߣһǰȻǷǳҪͻȴǿͣ׶ΣȻΪͻʱѾȱֱǰƣ㲻һ߶ѣԺʸûУߣ벽ֻһЦߺЦţʹһŵƣɽ
һȥɽ֮ضɽҡվ֮ڵ֧ŻƱ𡣹Ʊ𲻹ֵƣȫתȭͷϣȭֵδ뵽ߺδȴһĳǺһ״ĺϵĺƱȭͷȭȫߺıɽһӡڹƱؿڡ
ƱˣҲΪιƱôǿˡЩΪʵʱ򣬲ϧ澳Ļᣬڻ㹻һˣ˽ߣ


9 ִ
ߺһưѹƱ֮ԼҲˣǿ֧ŻصƷϣ֮ҲѹסܵˣһѪԶ
ȻߺϰѶԷ˵һǴԷϾǰ벽ǿߣ˵ѾлǿߵһˣߺѶԷ˻ԣԼôܲˣ
ʵ˵ߺܵ˱ȹƱءƱǱߺĺ˾ֻҪÿԼɣȻߺĺʮְԵվ˵㣬󲿷ֺƱȭͷ⡣
ߺͬˣʹõĺɽǸոʽûоκθĽҴ̫˳վֻĹý߶ˣ
ߺߺϵ˶ˣ
ߺѵǻǿߣҸոտʹõһƣȻھҮ
ܣڹƱֻǰ벽ΪôܴĻΪĸߺڽڰأҾ϶ǰ벽ǿߣǶߣ
˵ǰǼ仰ʱ򣬿һͬģмɷµĻ˵ͷеҲں˵
ǸոͬһͬΪӵĿǸղǼͷģ޲ȥǸһ
ղ˼ڳϰѳΪߵĹƱһĲֵھȻ˵Ƕߣ˵ɵӣɵˣһʱ˵硣ƣߺŵһ˹Ʊ𴫱ţŵӶ˵ˣ֪ߺŮӶĽߺΪߺİ£ҲʹеӶԸߺ׷Ħȭƣ׼ѵһиߺģ
ʲôҸߺˣûпڸƱһս˼һ㣡
˭Ҳ֪ں͹Ʊһս󣬸ߺصѹһƣҹȥӱߣԼ֮УߺŻָˣ˾ںųԣ˾ͺͺǻǵˮ
ΪθߺԼķлָأ
һǴ˴θߺ˴ܵ˱Ƚأκ˴ڶһظ߸ĻӰɡ
ʱҴңգۼһ¾͹ȥˣߺƻָҹһ¥ͻƵŲڣĳվͻƵڰ˲㣡ʹóƸʤǰ
ˣߺַս֪֮ԼȱںδѺɽøΪ죬ԲޱȣѾˣʣµЩʹ˿ĳҲûмܹƽ⡣
ڸߺ˹۵ĵԸߺϸĽںɽʹáɽȻ࣬ڵΪѾʩչζܷ𣬶Ҽʹ˺ܶ࣬ڵܹƱȻɣбߺɱ֮һ
ϧǺɽƵڰơ׳ɽȻ޷ʩչߺҲףô׾Ϳʩչˣô⺮ɽҲܳΪ˽׸߼ˡ
ںӱϣߺһİһֹţһҡͷȻߡ״һֱϣڸߺӲͣĿУߺͣ˽Ų
ӰɲΪλǰͷʹṦо˰ˣȻһչûУǹ𣿡ߺһ߿Ÿںӱ㣬һε˵ţԼϰôʱһظӰûɹ
ߺȻһԼôˣôִ̬أɹ˵ʩ⣿ѲԼӱ𣿲һҪ֮ɹ
ߺ¶ĺ󣬳˿õ㣬ȥǿǰøոͻƵΪ͹
ڶ죬ߺ΢΢۾ӱϴĺˮϣøߺˮһƣڵĸߺͷģֱ͸Ƶã·Ҳޱȡߺ΢΢ЦֲǶ˵ӵģԭһ²ϴƵģ
򵥵ĴһͷߺͿˮﵹӰԼˮԼĵӰں͸ߺһģһĶߺָˮ津
ˣʵָ͵ӰָһˮеĵӰ̻ΪޣߺоԼץʲôֺʲôûץ˼ʱһֻӶˮеĵӰһ£һͬɹ
ߺԺͻȻ糿ĺİ㣬ʶѾϤĽŲһԽԽ죬ڴϸͻ֣ᷢڸߺӰӶЩģ
ߺȻڿˮ˲䴥Ӱ֮⾳ǿǿǵ˻ӰɵĵһأӰɹؾ硣
һؾ磺Ӱ쵽ӰӶ
ڶؾ磺ӰΣʹк󣬿ӰӣɹĻһӰԽĲӰԽ࣬ҲԽԽʵ
ؾ磺Ӱǧһ磬ͻǧʹϢһĻ޷塣
ߺͣ³һԭⱾṦôȻһضҪӰ֮⾳ҪԼԵɺ֮´Ӱ֮⾳Լ龳綼ɹһء
Ҫ֪⾳ǳе龳綼⾳ıԵ෴⾳ô֮ͬп޵У
ߺƽϢһ¼ͬһ飺ҪһƷһƷ׵ƺͱսܻԿһ׵뷨ߺˣ
ߺԼǵӣɵÿЦǶʮƱƽߵлǺܶ࣬ǶƷ˵һǿԼƮ֮ǰһǮûУԼ԰ռԼõǮ
ߺԼڸȻתҵľסأƽ塣ɽ岻ߣʤڹ㹻סЩ۵ӡ
֣һ£Ҿסģߺƽɽ⵭Ķһ۵ʵʮţǸͷûתͷ˵һѾһôˣ
ߺ˿ûԷĲͷֻһѣ̬ôԺĳɾޣȵǣǴδȻҵ鷳
ߺ΢΢һЦе˼˵ȥ̧ͷӵĿ˸ߺıӰһۣ૵һŵѯʸߺȥ򣬿ɺޣǸߺһ˹ʺˣǸңʵĹâ΢Щխбѳ
ܿģߺҵҵסûеЩҵĻ棬ǿסĵطޱȣֻһھסߺѯʲ֪ЩŵӴ󲿷ֶŮӣѯʸߺʲôطģ֪Ǹߺ۵Ӻ󣬷׷׶΢ЦԶԣѯʸߺϲʲôɫ·ϲʲôԵġֱʸߺϲʲôŮ
ЩߺֻǸ֮һЦȻԼ׬Ǯ뷨˵ѯʲôȥ
ˬһЦ⻹򵥣ɽޣڵܹΪƤëܹߣ޹ǿȥǵ׼̽ףȽϴСط»ɱԽ
ߺ΢΢ͷ֪쳤𣿡
죿Ʈ죿ʦ㻹ʶ𣿡ÿŸߺ
ߺ΢΢˵ͷŵӵƾ쳤ϸҵģƮô£
ҵĽ£ߺˣһߵɽ壬ߵȻŴڵ翷壬ȻɽΧ翷翷һ
ĴֱƮ壬ٵƮ壬Ʈ壬ӰƮ塣Ĵķ֮һʦֵܡ
û뵽Ǳ̬ͷôͷȥˣߺĶҵ
û˵ͷӣ̬ͷӣҽľסԼͷʹĺУ񰡣ʲô
ѯ֮£ߺǱƮ֮ǰһ·ŮӣĹֻ֣תЩеӣȻ͵͵ĲƮ֮ǰ
Ʈ岻֪Ʒ߶٣ֱǸư
ߺɽǰ̧űŲûµʱһŮӵ䴫Ķ䣺ڸǰһҲ߳ȥ
ߺ̧ͣͷۿֻŮӳһÿɫĹװɫ겻ĺĿŸߺ
ߺܹоŮӾԲΪѾǻ澳ĸˡ
Ůո˵ҪԼȥӵǵĸߺ޷ܵģߺ֪ŮǻߣȻλʦ㣬ֻƮĸһ£һ¸м
󵨣һССŵӵߣȻ洫Ӹʦãҿǲ֪ôдģҾͷΪһ֪ʲôط
ߺ˫һУԼȻ֪˭ܹĵطȻһĻǿܹˡ
ֻøһ£ǾҪҵΪƮ˻أߺȻ֪Է˭ʢ˵һ仰㶨Լŭ˸ߺ
Է֮˲δֱ΢ĳһ£мһЦʦõĸ磿㲻Ϊô洫ӸʦõĸأȻܵƭˣҿǻĲͷˣ
֣Ʒʦ֣δѯԷ֮£ɱ޹أǸ䵭Ůӣü΢壬õĶԷǸ˵
ʦãô˵˼˵°ˣңǸдŭ
ǸоŮŭһҵȫҺ㲢ûжҾҪȥǷǸʦõĸ磬Ȼܵʦĳͷ
˵ҪŸߺȥȻʱһӰٶոջɽգۼ˵ӰѾ˸ߺǰ
ŰɫĽüĿ񣬱һ˧˵ʿЩı飬ȴ˴ָо
֣ƷоŮ˵ϧδ˵꣬㱻ˣ˵ˣҸ㲢ûôҵȫ
֣Ʒɫ粻󽥽ͻһ־ʦãαΪһֻΪˣĸأ
ŮӵͷȻ޷𣺡ĸ飿ʲô˵ô֪˵һֱ֣Ʒӡ
䣡Ҳŷһɲ־ƣײм䱬һǿķ磬ܵĴεҡڲ
һƽͣߺг㵣Ǿ㵶ԷʵԼ㹻ʱ䣬ȶԷǿ㵵־ŮӣԼʦ־ȻһԲ;ͿʼսԷղŶԼ̬Ѿܡᡱˡ
֣ƷɫǳѿЩ࣬־Уһ˿ԹȻصĺܺãǻǱС˼ůĸߺˡ
ߺ֣Ʒ־뷨ߺת˿־ǣܹò̾Լ̲ס࿴һۣ֣Ʒɴ뷨Ҳ֮У
֣Ʒ忴ߺȻҶԼڶŮ˿ֱһŭֱţ
֣ƷֱӰƵߺջӳһȭһӴŸߺϮߺҲһֱ֣Ʒ壬ͻȻѣתȫӲǹһƻȥǸߺɱСɽ
һƵĺڸߺǰγɣǿǰͬһֽһ㱻ơߺһãæʹӰ
飡ߺղվĵطһһĿӡߺԱ߷ŭĿ֣Ʒ壬֣Ʒһһɣߺĸմһȭȭȭһθ͡
վԶ־æһǹȭղű֣ƷΪˣû뵽֣ƷٴιԳһģ
ߺҲ֪ȭԼ޷ٴζ㿪ˣΪһƽԼסˣʹ޷񵭵ĿŸ߸ϵĹƷ壺һر
ߺΣˣ


10 
֣ƷǿȭѸײڶ֮ߺҵϮȥ־ľԮҲߺ֪ԼϣȴĮޱȵĿ֣Ʒ壬һ˵Ĺâ
ڸߺһߵʱһӰǰֻֻ΢΢֣ǰһ֣ƷǵϬޱȵȭͱ£һ˶û
֣Ʒ壡˭ȨƮԲкͬŵӵģǵӰ΢ŭ
֣Ʒˣæд񣺡μʦ𣡡Ʈ졣
ߺ죬沿ûϲã䵭ĿҼӿɺã
ߺ仰֣Ʒһ㶣ԭԷǸʦõĸ磡ֻһ㶣̬鲢޶仯֣ƷеɱȴԽԽŨ
쿴ߺı֪ܲģҲľҪ֪ôһôһӣЩָﲻϵƣ츳ҲޱȣӼֱӵ˼㡣Ҳ谮˼㡣
Դ췢ָ޷츳ֱӰѸԭŵӵΪԼĹŵӣλ洫ƽ
ߺԼһж׷ˣѾͷԼ̵ôӶʦΪУ
뵽⣬΢΢һǸߺǺǺþò˹εȷҵĵӲãίˣ˵ôأ
һֽԾޱȣ֣Ʒ忴ҲԹޣĽеʦͽʵңһ֮УʦȴǿʦǷ˽飡
֣Ʒ֪Լ˸ߺ϶һ˽׵ĴñӾ͸ˡ
ŭһ֣Ʒ壬Ǿʱߺ˹ʵΪ𣬵֣ƷֻűѾ˲񣬲Ҫɱң˳ҸߺĲΪˡ
ߺ˵仰üͷ΢΢һ塰ΣôЩ֪ˣѲɻҪ֣Ʒɱˣ뵽Щ΢΢Ʋߺ
֣ƷͫһѲɶԷҪǸϹԼɱҪʱԼԼλˣ
ߺȻ֪Щ˵뷨ʹ֪Ҳϵģ֣Ʒ壬̨Ͻսɸң
ÿŶ̨Ĵڣڵ֮˾Իĳޣ˫֮ͬ¿̨ϾʤǶ̨õڹ͡
ߺ㣿ﳤ̾ȻţϾ̫ˣ֣Ʒ̫ˣߺЦţѾѸģ
ȻЩ͸ߺ̬ȣΪߺûӣ̫ˣ
֣ʱЦ¸ߺջش˻кβɣҾ͸ᣬ̨ɣ
쳤̾һǸߺǰΪ˼ðɣȥɣ
ߺɫ΢ˣ볤˵ʱ£ʱˣ˵óƱݸ죺ǸĸõǮתã¸ˣ
ߺ˵ͷҲת߳ƮķΧŴȥֻƮɫˡ
ŸߺԶȥӰЩĹâû뵽Сӻŵģ
֣ƷתһϹʦûʲô飬Ӹˣ΢΢ĵͷ֣Ʒɽ䲻ϵԾоȥ
΢΢̾˿֣Ʒݺ˲ԽԽˣʵҲѾ쵽澳ˣθߺˣ
ʦ鵽֣Ʒĸ𣿡ʱɫĵ⣬ɫҲķǳأΪֹֻ֪ǲ˲翷ԵףȻûյ֤
˲̸Щˣȥ֣ƷΪ߸ߺϣ֪Ѷˣ컰һת˵
ǣʦ𣡡ɽ·ȥ
ߺɵ˵֣ƷɱɣһԼʩѹԼѸٽ뻯澳硣
ŴС
ϣѡһѽߺһų΢΢һ
ŴǲԵӵĵطҲŵȡƷͱĵطȻҪҪǮġ
Ͽ˸ߺһۣ΢΢ЦԭǸߺҪʲôĳԴӸߺŵһֹƱ֮һҹ䲻죬֮û˲֪ߺĴ
ų϶֪ų˸꣬˻ܹ룬˹Ʊһʱ䣬һĬĬ꣬һԾΪŵһ֣
ϣ֪ķƷõһ֣Ҫӣߺһ߿ǽϹҵЩչʾһ߶˵
ƮõķƷǡֽ˽ɷǳӲĽֶɣӲޱȣ˽ƷƷеļƷ۸ǱȽϹ㣬ǧӣûôֽ𻹿Է塭һ˵ǸϾȻ٩٩̸˵ĸߺͷ亹
ߺĶϻ˻֣ϣ˵ˣҾҪһˣǮߺŽ߳Ʈڵɽţɽȥ
ڸߺߺ󲻾ãѯʣڵŴϣߺأ˽ͳȥˣȥˣҾͲ֪ˣȥ۵ңǸߺ۵ӣ
ĲϵշתѯУ֪˸ߺȥˡɽߺȥɽֻ÷ѰҸߺĴˣԴŴŵߺĴţ
ɽǲɽ룬಻ǧССɽнɽиֲͬʽ棬ÿвٸŵĵȥɽɱޣֻӣ١
ƮֻɽΧռһƬɽţǽ΢һĵطŵͱ޿ʳһգο֮вʵǿߣܹһŵ޲ǲڵģ
ৣߺĳ䣬һֻֻޱϣ޵ѪϵȾڸߺĳϣʹ֮һѪ
ʮˡʮšһ٣ߺڻеĳɱһٸˣЩʵǿĲ˼ޣȼʵ̫ˣƤëǮΪԼҶʹԼ޷
һҲֵȼģһż൱˵ϱǽ׼ˣ޻κ󾳽Ʊͬˡ
ߺɽʹûϹɱ¾նɱһֻޣ⻹Ǹߺר߼ϵɱϾԼһ˲ܴôƤǣܽЩͼ޶ϡʵɱֻޣֵܹǮҲͲʮֻѡ
ߺսʣʮֻ޵޹ǵȲλʰ˫΢΢ԾɸߣһߺԶĲϡ
ߺոմĶŵһϣȻԾ׼ǰɽ̽һɱһЩʵǿľżޡ
ߺһĵطȥ;ҲɱһЩַޣֱһ졣
ôˣһֻż޶ûߺһֻ˼ޣ֮ǰĶЩͼޣǸߺɱĵһֻ˼ޣ֮ǰЩֻļ弶Сޡ
ʵߺ֪Ѿһֻһ޵ĵ̣ɽУÿһֻ߽޶Լĵ̣ʵԽǿޣռĵطԽ
ߺʰֻ˼ϵĲϣͻȻиеһɼ¶еĳܡ
𣡡һԶһҵĽŲԶѸٳŸߺ
һĹ򣬾͵˾ߺʮ׵ĵطߺҲڿߡ
һͷɫëƤǣԼһɣߣ˫еͫǺɫģһź⣬вϵĵγ˶ĵĿˮ
ߺһ૵һ޳ǣһ޼൱໯澳ĴڣȻеĴڣչһޡ
ߺüͷ΢壺Ȼǽ׼е׵Ĵڣһƣٶȷǳ죬ߺû˦
һߺӽϣΪǿ֪ٶȲǣȫһԴԼΪûпԼʵ׵ʲôز
ߺųǵͷȥֻצ΢΢ϸ߸Ծ𣬶˸ߺһߺ˫һʽ齣ʮУϿյĳǵĸȥڿеĳ޷ĸı䷽һӦ޷
һֻʵſ³һźںǿֱ۰ϸһߺ
һ㣬һ׾ʱԸո˴޻ὫڵɱԪǿޱȣ˵˿һֻԪޣ׵ĽһԲɽƽˡ
ߺһϷת𸡹ӰٵԱȥߺŲոأڵλþͱǵߵӡ
³֮䵽˵ϣߺȥצߺȥߺתһ㣬˳ȥǽ齣ǵצתӭߺĳ
צҵײһǿײˣڱ˵һ˲䣬ߺбɽ˳һơ
˽һףߺȥǸߺһȴʵʵĵ˳ǵϡ
ڵĺŰ˼ɵƻųǵ壬Ǻ໲ҽС漴һһǹɺˣȻߺĺǿޱȣңڸߺΪ̫¶̫ߣԱˡ
ǱˣҲ˵Ĳᡣ
ǵԱ׼ˣ˫Ѫޱȣź⣬漴ǼٵıߺͳǵٶȶԣЩٶȼĻһ߶ܸϣֻܱ
ǸߺӰ֮ĸߺߺ𸡹ӰٶȾȻ˿ȳǵٶ
ǵֻצߺϻȥǷצɢź⣬ǽһĹʹ˿ļͳ̶ȡ
ߺ𳤽סϮצϥϳڵѸٵǵĸȥǱߺϥǶУɳȥ
䵽ϵĳҡҡλεվޱ޵ĿŸߺ
ߺϥ˲С˺ϾƤëĵطһǿޱȣʹ඼ˣټǱʹ޷վˡ
ǳǲҵĽһΧĳӿȥ
һ߾ͷŸߺ³һεûϴǰӴ󣬶ϸϸָϸȴ͸һɹ죬ΪǺɫģǺɫġ
һĳſ˵ϣһһˣֻʣ˫޵˫ۻſߺƺ뿴ǰ
ӰߺǹûκԥĶ㿪ߺ֪δ֪ĲΣյġ
ȻߺٶޱȣǹɺɫһȵϢΪѸͣߺջǶֱۣܲߺֻоһȵ˳ֱ۽뵽ԼڣϵƻԼľ
ߺоһ㣬ֻоԼ嶼컯ˣǼֵվţҧţһԣȫĺǹȵѹȥ
ǳǿֱľߺȫûֻڵȴҲûԭǰǿˡ
ڸߺĴƻ˸ߺĵڡһߵĸû˵ôǸ߾ûϣˡ
ߺҲоˣںȴҲ赲ˣǧһʱ̣ߺϷı鶯ˡ
ǿűɢһĺǹΧסǹֿһɺײȥڽӴһ˲ͱǹɺһ롣
ЩҲٿǹΧȥֻһգ۵Ĺǹͱڸߺĵ֮ڣȵȫֻʣǹɴǿű鲻š


11 ͻ
ߺֻߣԻӣԼб¶һ֪ε֪Լзء
ֻǸҾǹȵԼĵջ٣ͻȻڵһɱĽԼ̹ޱȵǹˡ
ȻԼ£ô֤ԷˣȻ֪Ϊγǻ֪ᷢڵĳǾ޻֮
ߺžʹŽһһٵǻȥҪڸߺ뷨ڳǿ־벻ŲУߺڵ˳ǵǰӽ̡
һͷüĳһһߺҲҲ֧ŲסԼˣ̱˵ϣڴڵĴ
һ޲Ϊ׼ޣʹǽ׼е׵ĴڣҲߺʵѾûˣҲ˵ϵЩ˵ʯһɣ
ҪղŸߺղŵսܼ򵥣ҲǿƣÿһԵ߹ǸղŸߺһ㾫ɣǷצŰҪοÿһ̶۷״̬
׼޵սøߺ֪ԼԼʲôʵԼǸոս澳ߣҪ߽һ֮ôߺ޷Ƚˡ
ֻĹƣʵҪЩϾʶ˼ģЩܸһ㣬սҿղһԼôֿ˵֪Լ뻯澳绹ЩࡣԼĵƣ뻯澳ĵƸͲһϡ
ߺԼ뷨ܽԼʵԼְ벽뻯֮䣡
ʵǸߺԼˣһþ˳еһ޷ָʹʹָڵľҲʱ޷ָˡ
ڵÿһͷ޶ڵΪҪڵҲҪԵģͺƲһӵڵ޶൱ӵһǿĵơ
磺ֻʵͬޣڵʹĻôԷױܡ
ΨһȱǣڵȻǿ󣬵ǾۼһľҪָǳѣǸߺΪʲô޷ֵһԭˣҲǸߺԭ
ߺ̱ڵϻָĹУеı齥ؽǹɳǷˣڵеתɢɺڸߺľߣָŸߺ𻵵ľ
ʱ󣬸ߺоԼȫָˣŢĵվĻ˻֡Ҳڸߺָ֮ߺľҲȫָˣʣЩȫ뵽ߺľС
ߺһʼûоٶȻָĻʹҲָܻϾߺڵľʮأ
Ǹߺ˶غָʱȻԼľȻʮ־ȡ
ϸ˼һûȻֻ÷˼ֻõԺﵽ澳ܹӵʱԼ̲һԼˡ
ߺָƬžɽУĴΣգûǾΪʱΪһ޵Ϣδȫɢͼ޲׼޲ȤȻĻղһֻļ޶ԽŪ
ߺȫָԼʱĹ򣬸ߺѾָĳɵߺҲطȥˣǳǵɢ󣬱һпռأʱߺĲˣ
ߺվֻһ޵ʬ忹ϣ𸡹Ӱһ㳯ԭ·ȥڵ޲ѾȥһεˡߺٴĻ¾޷һԴȥˡ
·޸ߺҲȥɱˣԻٶȱȥٶ˽һ룡ߺ޲ϵط׵ʱǸطһ޵ĳ
֣գ˵һΣⶫǼģ˭ĶһѾˡǸɴˣһ˵·ѹǻŭŭɽߡ
һŭ˵˵ˣǼģõӣ˵ʲôءģң𣿡
ǵ˵ʱ򣬸ߺѾǱǸˣߺڿһ˵仰һŭߣߣӣҪ֣
ǵˣθߺˣ˵һ׳꣺˭ģ鷳ȥòð
˵ʲôأǰɣҽ첻Ū㣡ţҲʮ˱ڵġĸһ棬治ڿЦ˵һüѹӿڼϣʮåࡣ
ǱߵĶʮһŭˣ˵ʲôأңС費𣿡
ֻһˣ΢΢ЩΣΪ˰֣յġΪ֣վȻŲΪ˼ԼĶ飬û뵽һ·˲åҳ˵໰ôһ
ǡӽҪ֪ʲôå͸գ֣Ҳ֪Լ϶ǶԷĶ֣ϾԷʮˣ˸ԼΪһŲ㣬Ҳ˲ߡ
ߺڰ΢΢һЦǸ˵ձѾ׼ȥˣ˵ĶǸߺغõĲϡ
Ⱥ˿ʱҲһҪ֪Щɶǰ˼ħ޵Ĳϣ˵һʺƣԲŹһ˵Ψ֣һ˲ͬ⣬ɾǣǱ˵ģǲԾˣҪҪٷŵϣ˹ʱھȡߣ
鵱ȻȺ˸ˣ
ˣǲҪˣҵģ鷳ǻңҪʱһԱǸߺ
ȫþһ˸һվѣ¿Ĳˣ˵ľİʶ㣬Զ㣡
Ǹ֣һˣå˵Ƕ˵ģҲó֤ݰɣ
ߺüͷ΢壬ǽһ£Լʮֲϣǰ˼޵ģ
ߺĻһ˵һ˵ȫ֪˶Էˣǵ³
Ǹ˵ǣⲻģ滹Щ߼޵ĲϣûˣҸϿɣ˵ջͷĶŸߺ˰֡
˵ĻأǸ֣յ겻ˣֻһһͣеüϵûŲӣԴǲǱŸˣ˵ôû̵ĻֵĺöӰ˼ҵģȴ˼ʧ˵ⶫģëëϣ֣תŸߺ΢΢һЦѣģҰæҪ
ߺԷ˵ɫѾ˵ˣ֣ԸǱ΢΢һЦ
ˣҲǷϻˣٸһλᣬѰңߺ˵⣬ѾŵˣҲѾƴߺԷٲǾͲĺˡ
֣տߺƣ֪ѾǡġˣȻΪѰ·ԼȻӦԷ˾Ҫ˵ƾԼݣ˵û˸ɱ
ԷȻ֪ġӡޱȵµߣʶ̧٣Ǿͱˣֵǣϣ
ֻ˻ûȫ˵ߺѾˣѸٵڽаγӰӽ
ĸ˲ߣ̵أ˿ȫڲϣǾȻûһ˿Ѫ
֣һû뵽˵ĽȻôϬǶ㿴ô
˵֣ճ߸߾𣬳죬ȥĹӰڿг֣ǵأĳһŲߣеı㵲档
Ӵһ˲䣬ͱЩӰĵʮ֮ͣסſ³һѪһУһŲߣȻԸߺ˵Ǻܼ򵥵ģƽߣ붼Ҫ롣
֣ղǸͨˣߺԼа̾
СӸɱǵˣֵǳ尡һﱻǰͷԵˣһ𽫸ߺ˰Χ
ڸߺ˵û֣յİν˵ֻ֣ǸЩ˼ˣ鲢ûôԸߺû̫ڹעǰе˼ȫɱ¾Щϡ
ߺ裬ֱʹó齣һһÿһһʻһУߺһһŲߣֻһ˵ĳͱһȱڣ
ǸҲߺֱ³һɺѪ̧ͷ־ĿŸߺ磬үҲҪЩˣҳģŹҰɣߺǿʵˣȻԼıʲôƷһһѱһѿڵģ˵ʵ϶Լܹǵģ
ʵȻߺ齣Ѿ¯ĵزˣǵʮУڵ
ߺбָ£ɫ˵ڲžúǲЩأ
ߺЦһʹһСɽһıɽڸߺǰ֡
е˶ͫһţߣһ˵ȫǰǰֻǹϣǰɣ
ߺЦһɱ˲紵Լʲôࡣɱɱ߾ߣԼʲôˣ
ߺδ˵һѸٵĻȥʣµʮһ࣬󲿷ֶЩ˲ߣŲҲˡ
֣տĸˣǶӾ͵ôԸǡԱ߲ϵĽѽѽѽѽѽһУǣԹɣ
ߺʵȥˣŭĺұ죡֣̾Ͳ˵ˣǻ㵸ţҲߺţ˭åå
ɽơ齣ӰɡʹãӣʣЩ˲ǳ˽꣬ǳ֮ٿߺûһ˿ȻֻĳɵɱЩ˻ûκЩѶȵģϾͨţǸߺӵлӰɣ¼ʹߺɱЩҲˡ
֣մ˿ϽӣҮʤˣ˵Ƕ治ҮɣҵСܣҵ磿ҪУ
ЩĵķϻߺɫЩ䣬̲סˣӣʲôãզЩϻأ˵꣬ߺЩתɽȥ֣Ҳš
һʱ󣬸ߺоЩ֣һʱ;һֱûŹ
Ƕĵģɶϱ𣿡ǲŵӰк𣿡㺢Ӷˣ
ߺֻжʮֻѼԼͷҽСѹסеķŭ㿴Ҷ󣬽ҲʮĺȥǲЩԲа
ߺ΢΢ЩڣԼǲǲҪЩϰΪɶ̯ôһ
Ϧ£֣ղϵ߶Уߺ֣յӰϦӳĺܳһֻӰӻϵĳһֻӰӻͷͲϵţһǵķȥ


12 Ƿ粨
ȥˣſվˣǰߺ֣սֻһ޵ʬʿˣƤǹǺǽȫȻֻǵؿڲλҲǸֱ֣զߺá
ߺûлƮڣתȥ˷ǣԱ֣գ֣ձյһһġڵ֣գԸߺǳ£ֻҪߺ˵˵죬ȻĻͱȭͷкˣ
ǰ߸ߵĳţ֣ա롱һȻıͣ͵͵һ۸ߺɫȻǵģȻŴ⼸춼ˣǵǣ
ߺת֣յ֣գǾʹ˱ɣ֣ոո仰һ٣ϾͶЦ磬ٺ٣Ҳ˻ɣҴˣ߰ЦĸջƵã
ߺתΪʲôң֣ߺĻ΢΢һȻǿջЦⲻŸǰ;
ȻǻǷֵɣúúãҪĻ͵ϵĲ֮ҸƧĵط˵Σ֣ߺ˵仰֪ˣԼ˵ȻոߺƢ˵һߵġ
ߺ⣬ϳ˵΢Ц˵ȥģҾڷǵ¥ɣ
Լ֮󣬸ߺȥʵߺ֣յʶ̣ʲôæҲֻʣﲻ˵
׼УĽУ治۱ףƥȸֶҲ޲ϣƾɵƷȶ
ߺһ·ѯʣ׼еǰŵװαȸ߼ҵĴŲ֪öٱҲĦ࣬ſڳˮö˼ǰͣš
ߺһ̧˽ȥ֮СȵţһģŮʹӣʲôܰ𣿡ҪЩ޲ϣȥߺͣ½Ųش
ŶŮûߺŰĲЭУ΢ЦŴߺߵһš֮һȣкܶţŮߺ쵽һǰӣǽ޲ϵĵط˵ӯӯ˻ȥ
ߺƿţȻǸܴĴܶ䲻һһӺ棬ҲвǰŲ޲ϣڸԷ̸ʲô
ߺһλãһƨȥһϡߣͷףʲôҪ𣿡Ǹ΢ЦĶԸߺ
˼޲ϡߺߵ˵ͷóҺøһ¼۸񣡡ˡһһǸϣӶһ£ҿЩʮּӲʯͷɵģȻĻǱ˲ɡ
Ҳһؿھ겻˵ôడɱ𣿡ָָǸ˵Щȫ𣿡
滹һͷһ޵ĲϣߺƺûдǸͷ˵
ʲôһޣ˵ģŴ˵ﶼһˣһ޵ĲϿʮģһûСģҪĶһ£
ˣ㿴˹ſ۰ɣߺɫǰᡣǺãҵȥѾʺ̸ִˣߺ˵ͷ߱ŸߺȥߺҲ
Ҳʮ䷿ӣߺһ䣬װεʮֺ弶Ƥӣȥǳ̵һ޵ƤëǸ߼ľϣһЩ
ߺ˿ӵװ΢΢ҡҡͷд󲿷̰ͼΪĿġҡҡͷߺԼеĲȫ˳
ԽԽԾʮͷ˼޵Ĳϣһͷһ޵ĲϣߺǸڵøʱѾ˵ˡǿգߵʵҪǺܺõϣǧѵһţ˵ǿĶ
߸򵥵һ㣬˼޵Ĳϰһֻһ޸ļǮֻΪˣ߸˶ʮĸ߼ۡһ˸ߺʮʵѾˣǶҪ¼ĸߺ˵ǲܶģҲֻˣԸߺ˵ҲѾܲսˣʮĻǹƾ㹻һѽˣ
ߺԼεսεõһʹɱֻһҲܵõʮ
׼гѾʱˣߺ¥ķȥֵĴ֣¥ǰ棬¥Ϊľ¥ʳζǮҲʮֵİ󣬴󲿷ֶһǧ
ҲΪ¥ߺУһ߶һΪߣԷ
¥Ｘţֻ˳ԶĽŲ֣ڶ¥ϵŸߺߺĿһԸߺ֣һ·Ϸ֣ȻҲҴԿĳҲܼɵ
˶¥䣬¥ĸЧǷǳõģ˵ʹΪĻ߿ȥ
˰֣ڻָԭӣżһå·һҡΡߺʵڿϰߣӺƨһš֣նԸߺƢҲϤˣƤЦ磬̫˰ɡ
֣˵һƨڵϣ߸˶ȡߺĶˣ˵ɣʲôһҪң
˵£֣յıҲˣ磬ʵʵҲͨ˼ҵӵܣʵ֣պܲԸߺ˵ʵǱˡ֪Ұɣ
ߺ΢΢˵ͷ½½Ӣλʵۣ֣̾һ˵ʮ꣬ʵ½һµļң䣬ֱة˾ͽңةңԪ˧֣һ󽫾˼ҡ֣΢΢һࣺǴԪ˧֣ҵڶ̳ˡ֣֣֮գʮδ䡭
أȻߺѾ֪֣ղͨˣʵû뵽Էھʱߺе㲻ˣδԪ˧֮ӣΪҪҵİأҪ֪֣ǿһˣǸ嶼һ򣬲СԱİɣѲҪ֮λ
֣ߺʻһЦұƣϣһŵĴһҵκλҲϷŹǡԹŹ֮ض³֣Ҹ½ս£ΪԪ˧֣Ҽû֣еĵλ½Ҷк
ߺüͷԻ֣ңƾҵʵ֣ң²ô򵥵ɣ˵ǵ֣ܽˣһ澳߿Ҳֻ۵ɣ
û뵽֣ȴɵһЦȻ½˹˼ң֣ȴ˾ͽãҸһʼ˾ͽҼ˾ͽ׾˾ˣԻһ춯
˵֣ʵǵһ˾ͽǵģϵȻʹͶ
룿ߺʵڸ㲻ˣʱ֣ս͵ΪԸ֣ңͽ֣ҵ˲ŽѧԺţЩҪȫɳҲʮꡣȻ֣Ҳǻ壬ѧԺȻǲܵˣǲ׸֣ҾѰЩţΪ֣ʮĵƣһ
ߺ⣬ɫ΢΢ŭ˼ǽͶ֣ˣʵ֮ǰҵȷôģ֣տߺɫѾЩæ֪ͣһߣκµģʱΪ֣õѣõõ֣Ұʱ֣ҾԲ֮Ҫʲô֣ҲԸ㣬ֻ躮֣½ʱһΣ
ߺϸ룬¶Լޱףǣ֣ԸΪֻôò𣿡
֣ˬʵЦ磬Ҫ֪֣ڿĲΪǿ󣬶츳ʮѾŲˣϴ½Ҳһǧ֮οڿԻɱһħˣ˭ҲȷϣǴﵽ۷徳жĳɾͣʮʱ䣬
΢΢һ̾Ϣߺ¶˾ģãӽԺҸߺ֣ҵѣֻʮʮʲôõҸߺĵط˵޷
֣Ȼʣã磬ʲô㣿ߺ֣ѯȴǿЦһڵĿľŬΪܾ澳磬ʮ֮󣬰֮Ҹߺ֮ʱ
ߺ֣Ʒ˵֣µ֣ջȻŭʲô֣ƷǸʲô⣬˭˭һô֣Ƕ֣Աߵĸߺס˶ͷε̾Ǵӵܣôӵܶôܽ𣿡ڵ֣գŲڵϣָ죬ţ󶼲֪˭ˡ
˺ȾƽĿʱ̣һӵ˸ߺ˵Ķ䡣
ȥɽׯĵһŵӿ쵶Ҫͽֽͳˣ
ߺվߣȥ԰գ֣գȥ֣һߺȥæӵϧȻˣǰ㣬һµУһ֬ȥʱ򣬸ߺѾڿߵλãһžƺһ߹ۿķչˡ
쵶£Ȼǻŵһ֣ҿǽѾõߣѴﵽ澳ˣ֪򣬲Ȱ㻹ұ˰ɣֽЦŶ˵
ϻ˵Уᵽһ仰Ը˵һĸȥһϬĵųϮȥͫһɵúߣԭѾͻ˹ֲҪսأ
˵ʱʱ죬ֳһһͬϬĽӭ·ĵһգ۵ʱ䣬ײһ𣬡䡱ȻˣȴǷһŰķɢȥսһ붼εҡҡλΡһЩΪȴڴУߺ֮һ
ϷҪ֣գСһ̳þƣߺסҡڲ֣շԸ
֣տЦ磬ѣ˰ߺ˵ֻСˡ
¸ûָһܹɹųȥٽʱ򳤵߸߾𣬰ȥµĳ²ưޱȣǻɽׯĺƳּǰֱǰİˣֱ˴Ϊֹ
޴ĵܱ֮ΪֽһֽжޱȣȻʹֽô࣬ƫƫֽĳƺš
ǵԵĵԼϮһתɨŷһΧȫеĹУʹ֮˶Ž
Ϊå֣յȻʾҲǸצĳ˭أ㳤ȱ۵ģԴ¿˰ɡ˵Ľ֣һ˵
˶ĳ֣ǸȥȻֽˣĿ֣˵ڣ֣ǲĽɫԽԽࣺСӣڱ֣̲סˣһĽһ֣ա
ߺ⣬΢΢ҡҡͷĵѳɴµʵ֮ϣϾųģõԴǳֽ߿ɱģȴΪ֣յĽ񣬲Ź֡
Ҳݸߺ룬ǵѾ쵽ˣҪεվѸٰγһʹȫԼһС顱ǵͬ㣬нɢڿС


13 ʳ֣
֮ս˲Ϣ䣬ֻҪһɲǵʧ񣬱ʱ̣
ֻһ㱻ҳʹԼľСסһǰ϶£ǵ̫ͬɢȵϢὣ㵲һбһǻҵֿֿ֪
еĽһɣ˳ų۶䣬µʱ򣬳˲ֿѪӿ
໡һҽУ˻ͷȥֻ֣һЦţԴϻһĴǷ۵˶öֱȿ޻ѿЦ
۱ӴԺԵԳ֮ԿֽΪδ֮ǰ־ѷϣԲֻ֮
ϣʤȻµˣŵӾǲһͬǻߣֽǺѻ棬Ȼޡ
ǰǸղųûз񣬿½ֲôҰɣһ˵ţһһһߵĸߺˣڸߺȻ̾Ϣĺžƣ֣һһŸߺһʶɵЦ
ⳡȷåƵɵXҲ湻ˣȻѾСˣκλǱߺˡ
̸۵ĸߺһͣԼʲôʱåˣɵXڿ֣յ֡˧ޱȡӣߺֱŭ죬˵˻ߺ޺޵֣ƨɺһţ֣ձߵǰӿȥһµµĻС
ԭսʤ֮ӦʮָˣʤȴԼһ©һ㣬дСʮָ߰ʮֵĲˬǱ˵¼סߺ֣ա
вƣ˭뵽Լδߵǰеһ˾΢ЦԼĻУ
ֻһɶؿ룬΢΢Ķģ±̣ƱģߺӰ첽ǣ˲͵֣յߣһ־ͽ֣յק˳ȥɽƵСضɽҡһʹ
Ƽҵײһ𣬸ߺ岽ֻһʵߵСߺĵѲԭ£ֱˣЩðɣ
´һ¸ߺڵӣҹһɽׯ£ҲЩֹ۸ߺᣬʵ뺷дһɺʮֲͱɴʵǴŵĵӣⲻòؿǣ
ƮŵӸߺߺɫȻ˵ֻߺδ䣬¹ЦƮڣţȻҹһɽׯ£ҿǻĲͷˣ
ҲƷԽԽǿƮǰţɽׯţڲǺĴڣǬҲǰţңŻһڡҷֱǣң½ң֣ңң˾ͽң˼ңصĶμҡҲȫǰǼ壬Ȼҳ⡣
ڰ˴еĽڿνǷˮκ׹ԭǽҽǲĴеһˡ
ŻҪΪǣҪһ򣡰ΪǾͱϵĺ龳ǿҪʮϵĺǿߡڲûУ˵ҪзǾʦ򣬶ûзǾʦߣ
ǣ˵ͬǰǣȴʼձȼǿǿģߺ֪ΪϾڲΪֻи߲֪
Ž̵ȫ˹ĻǸĳʰ·磡ߺһߵľƺĺһڣƵĵ
ɫ࣬һߺߺѸٵİγһбʩչײһɹǿҵߺַſһתץסųµĲȥ
ΧȻΪǸղֽ¶սʱʩչһУû뵽иߺҲ᣿Ѳһģ
¸ǴʧɫڸߺʹȻֽԵֵҪֽΪ˹ƧûѻߵӣĽҲû⴫ߺȻǸոտһ󣬱ѧˣ츳ֱǿ£
˵ʱʱ죬Ѿ²ֵľˣæӣҲߺɨȥǸߺöԷóѣƣʹɽõֳȭӭߺƣ
ȭײһ˲䣬ӰȥߺײһߴֵϣֹסϺ˵ĽŲһһѪ˳
ºûнֹסŲǺвˣǰеطܣǺ㶼ûܣ½ϵײ˲ˣײ˵ʮ˵ʱͣסˡ
˾Ȼʧ𽣱ͱȥ˵ɲɵĶµľջϣֻúһ
һɲǡ໡һ˺ѷεʹ޷ܣҪֳԶԣֻܡ
ߺ֮һҪ´ټڣµӰԽԽԶһԹȺ˸ߺĶ䣡
ߺ˰죺ƨ˵Ҫôˣ
ʱ֣˹ôˣǱ˵ֲǸģΪɶǰ
ߺȻգٿ±յߣľ壬˼䰡ôԶȻȥ
λֿԼĽһֹţ껹Ҫ𣿾ȻôҵȥʻɽׯǲǶôһ񺮡
ʱ֣åеӣĺ˵ˣѽȥ׼У˵ɽׯŵһӵľջ׼ѽͽб񽣣
Χ۵һ񺮣ߺϲˣʹĸ֣һţ֣һģҶˣҹߺ˵תߣ֣æڸߺƨƨߵĸţͲøСӣȸСˣ
ղ֣˵Ļ˼֪Ǻ½ϵĳζ֣յĹʹת׼ȥڶ촫׼ſ񽣡
ͷߺ֣߳˷ǣת֣յˣȥʳǰɣж˽Ǯ
֣մĦ͸ߺ˼ʵʵĻش𣺡ʮߺüʹǼ֣յǲ˵ȵʳ˵ɣ
Ǿʳǲ̫Һ֣ջƥǧһ·׷£󵽴ʳǣ
һ·ϵȻҲܶ಻۵Ľٷˣڸߺ֣ǿʵ֮£Щٷ˱ɱߺ֣Ҳ˵õһЩ֪ıһ·ϣ֣ԽԽԼѡȷģŲĽٷ˼ʹôҲŲ㰡ڸߺ߲һߺĽпνޱȣǲ˽¼Ľк񼼰㣡
ʳ룬пʮɵĻǺӣһĻҪԽȥͲܣֻиߵṦĻ߲пƾֱɣսʱڣһǺתսֵá
ǽߴʮɣгţʹڳб棬ռʳǵ֮һߺ˴ԶʱѾϡ
վסʳ֮ڲسǱס˸ߺˣߺ΢΢һЦҪʱ֣ס˸ߺһҲԭåⲻòиߺȣޣ
ֻ֣ϵĵ֣ӣϹǵĹۣϸˣҹ˵ҲѾɵʿߺһɫ߽š
Ǹƽ񶨵ģһ˻һʵ˶ǻʲôѭأʱ֣պһֱǸå꣬Ըߺ
ߺ֣յĻΪȻһֱŻʳǿĴ˰죬ֱߵһ׳ĸۡǰͷĽʨĵǰǰ˷߶վÿ϶ŨصɱԵݣĿбӡ
֣ǰȥʱǰʿγеıס֣յȥ·ʾݵƣ˺Ʋ֪֣Ƕү㣬ֱֱ֣տ
֣պϤΪһ㣬ûóһڵƣ̵֣֣ʨ
˿һƣ׷׺ˣ¶һ˿ѵõЦݣӭү֣εÿǶôŪ𣿡һ𣺡ɽ
ߺ΢΢ͷľ˲Žоˣղسŵֱå
֣һֱߺõ֮УԼԸȥԼĸ֣塣ԼߺϵĽ̸ʵн̸֣Լһ˵
ߺ֣ս鲢ΪҪأߺҲԼ뷨ߺҪ֣Ʒ˵УԼҲ͵ŲѣҪսʤ֣ƷǼֱǳ롣
ĴУʱ̫̣һδ߼иĸһֻôʳǣڻʳԼӦֻ֣ǻöѣ
ߺ˼䣬һŲԶضδȵ˵ңֵĶӻˣն˴γȥʲôջ񣡡ʮϡ
ߺԴſڿȥֻһߴˣףǿ׳ȭͷ߬ɰϲŭ
ͬʱԷҲڴߺǵĵͷǿնͶ֣ҵģ츳ܵŲ㡭⻰ߺüͷ΢塣
֣֪ԼĸˣҲ¸ߺŭæԼ׵ĻףλǸߺ֣ҽ˵ģͶ֣ҵģ磬Ҹ֣壡
Ŷλ֣üͷˣȻ֪ԼĶǸˣһŲԼҽˣǷ̫ˣλˡֱԣڲŲ㣬֣ҽǷе㡭
ߺҲ֪ŲΪҪƮͬȵİǼе롣ԼҪչʾһԼǱˡ
ոߺվһƻԱϵĲˮǱȵĲˮ̱Ǳɱ飬֧Ҳ˲䶳ѡ
һĻ֣˫һʲôţΥľ֣Դе·ϾǳսɳԪ˧붨Զǳ˿ɱȡ
ȷеʸܹţӦĹʰɣϾͳ˧ǧһ˲ԭ
ߺ΢΢ͷˮ֮ʣǰɣ˭أǿ߲ܣɱһޣǴ֣ǰҵɵӣΪҾɵӰǰֻһɱŲǿߣءߺô˵ԼԱߵ֣ղˣϲĽߺ¼һһڳˡ
Աߵ֣ԽԽȣߺÿһ鶼ôľףһ߿ԴﵽģгһճΪǿߣǶ֣ҵĺôǲɹģҿնϵôãʱ֣һȣȷߺһǱˮʣпܾǱʣ
֣ˣ£ߺãȻдһֶ֣ӣʱ֣ңҪʲôֻҪ֣Χ֮⣬Ҳ㣬ʮҪ֣ң
ߺɫЩ죺ôƽȵ£㲻ú֣ҵĳһ𣿡֣һЦˬĵ֣־ɳǣһģľɣ
ߺ˵ͷĵļܲҺֵ֣ˣҾͽ֣ɣ֣ҪһطϢһ£֣尲һ£
֣˵ͷնԺߺסǸԺֶƣ˵֣꣬ݸߺһ֣ǿһģһƸߺ
ߺӹơ֣壬ȥϢˣߺ֣˳֣յԺȥ֮ǰߺое㲻һֱ˿ӵĸоɵ֣ȥָоÿ죬ȥҲ졣ߺεҡҡͷ֣˳ȥ
֣ĿͶ뿪ȻתŴһݣףΪľΣ
һͷ΢ףֻӰߴ߳⸸;Ȼôλ֣֣֮һ֣硣
֣΢Բϵϳһ˿΢Ц΢Ц˾崺磺ĺܺãӸ֪쳣񣬸ղžȻоҵĴڣͳɾͶǺǿߣԺõ㣬ǵġΪһߣ߻Լĵ
֣΢΢˵ͷ


14 
ķḧ½ÿһ䣬ϢѾůĴȫɢĻʳ֣ҵһߺȾʱĲսߺоԼѾٽͻˣ֣Ҵðĸǣȫͻʵ
ߺȫھתڵȻտеΪԼת֮ٹڵ˷ܶʼ
ߺоԼĵѾ챥ˣŲڲֻһֽ㣬ֻҪһͱˣǸߺûżͻƣǾĹ̡
ֹ˰ʱͻȻߺһͷһ㣬ſеΧĿһɨաߺΪһɲǾͻƵˣȻŸߺϵߺΪҲڲϵֱŲ۷壬ߺֹͣǽյ˫ۡ
ߺֻͫȻһİ׹⣬ȻָƽƸղǵ׹ⲻǸߺһ㣬ߺԼҲ֪顣
ȫ˫ۣߺ˫һ䵽˵ϡ΢΢һ΢΢̾һ֪̾ΪΣʱ֮󣬵ҪԽԽˣȻղŵɽ۷壡ҶԺҪΪУڶȥˣԼٶ˲ٰϣԶǶ죡
ߺƽһԼ飬ոͻƣ˻ûʧĻǷǳ߻ħģΪʱľ粢δ̣ľĴײħ
ҪڹһڵΪȻ󿴿ɽ齣ʲôزˣߺҲ˲ǷҲĵϣϥԼڵΪ
ǰȥˣߺȫϰԼڵΪ߳Լķţס֣յԺӡ
֣յԺ㣬ߺסڶ㣬֣սߺʱ򣬸ߺɵø̾ǴӺðҪ֪ڸ߼ңߺʹǼ֮ӣҲӣ䡣ٿ֣յԺӣһ˼䷿ÿһ䷿ҲȸߺӴһ
¥µԺУ֣ڻü·ɣӰأܲ͸磬ü֣յпٵĻţ۾ϳٶȣͬһԲԲӰ㣬֣ո߸Ծһ족֣ŭݺݵȥǴ̶ƿС䡱һ𣬳ݺݵͥԺʯӵ·ϡӱѳ˵ۼʯмһһߵĹۣɼһߡ
ߺڶ¥һĻǽȻֱӴӶ¥£ȵڵϣֻڵĽӡߺ˫֣֣գһΣ
֣ĻͷۿǸߺɵùЦ磬ͱøҿˣֲɵӣܲŰ𣿡
ߺ˫֣ǰ˻ΣҲñΣ֣Դҡĸ˹Ƶģһߺһߴ󺰣۸˭ȾҰ
Ǻֱٴ죬ͺһ޸֮Сһå㡣ĸߺͷ亹ַס˶ͷ˵ʲôʱһˬʵһʵ˵ĳ֣˸ߺĶ䡣
Ȼ֣һЩǺ͸ߺȣȻԵʮֵǿ׳һɫ׽ǿ׳ס֣֣Щƣ˭۸첻µزµСܰǲװ
΢Ц߽֣յԺӣƶϵļҶײص֣տåʧĲӰһ˶΢Ц
ٺ٣ôпչٺᰡײȥϼǸӱһ𣿵ǲǿΪԭ֣յĴ磬Ҳ֣ҵĳӳ֣裬֣տԱȽϺԼλ硣
֣ҡҡͷϳսŸߺҸյұ˵һλŻؼ壬ҾȲǰסұһϲʤλֵܱһ㲻ɣ
Ȼ֣ÿ仰Ƕ֣˵ģ۾ȴʼնŸߺ˼ߺ֪ܲߺˬһЦд⣡
֣õԼҪĻָȻϲʤãܽͥԺһã˵ߺһȭ֣ң֣軯һ㣡ߺҲ񣺡ߺŲ㣡
Сˣ䣬ֽ֣߬𣬴һֱǰƣߺߺȻʾתһ֣ȭͷȭӣ䣡
ֻ֣һɱӶԷӿԼڣһݣײµûӹȻǱʣϾǻǿߣڵȵģһ𣬾ͽǹɱ˳ȥ
֪˸ߺʣ֣ȻղǰĴˣȫƣһӡߺţߺ̧ϥסڵһƣ˳ƴɽ
ֻ֣һĺԼұϮæӣʹ˺ɨǧߺһշָɽִʹ˱飬֣ı۰ȥǺޱȵͬһһ֣æ任ƣ˫Ӳֹסɨȥƣ㣬ף˫ȭԶ֮ϻȥ
ߺĽָ֣˫ȭ֣ȭͷ˵Ѫ˿ߺҲȭڿзüͷڵȻڵϴɼĽӡ
֣ڸߺո֮󣬾ͷƾջһȭۺγһҵȭŸߺȥ
ߺ֪Ʋ򵥣еڽָϡ飬һָȭȥȭߺָͣһɲǣߺͱ岽ȭҲɢڿС
ߺ̧ͷĿŶ֣裺ؾ֣ҲǳȣֵܲΪţղž֣ҵ˽׶似ؾֻڶؾȻʹҵĵƣǿֵȻҵĶ֣
ߺüͷһ壺Ը꣡Ҹղսֻ߳ɵʵ˵ⳡʤȻҵģ
ߺ΢΢ҡҡͷҪڽ֮ǰս˵ĵȷûд񡭡˵⣬ߺһ±ȻŲ۷壡
ҸղҲûʹȫʤ˭δ֪֣迴΢΢һ㶣Ҫ֪ʵΪȫ¡ʵ㱾ˣʱʹȫͺˣءΪһҪһȥѹƵģҪս»ǸߺռϷ硣һ뷨֣ôľҪ֪ԼɲѰĻһ߰żҴͨΪͬս·磡ǽȴܸʮ꣬ΪҲԼһ硣
ʱ֣ɱĺǰ㣬̫۸ˣʶ£ͻˣһһ´Ųڵ۷һͻƵ۷壬찡ǧġ֣ջû˵ͽиߺһš
֣ƽһԼǿŲӿģĿı黻һ΢Ц֣мҸ߼һΣ
ʲôԸţʱ¹ش󣬻ֵҸɣ
һ·ߣ֣Ҵ
ֶסϰ𣿡һã֣΢ЦŶԸߺʱ֣ԸԱߵˣ緹
֣岻Ϻ͸ߺ̸Уͽ緹ҳԱ֣֮忪ʼ̸ˡ
ֶ֣Ҫİֱ֣ӿżɽĶԸߺ
֪к֣ܰģ֣御ܷԸʱ֣ϻͷģǰҸҵϼΧһׯĲҰǴׯ½ȫʼΪǿΪȥ֮ǴʬûһȫûһۣȫǱצץǱҧǻ£
ߺЩףһׯĴϲӦӰ첻Ϊβ治Լأ
Ϊ֮ǰǸʮׯˣÿһׯٽԭɽȣǽ鱨½ң½ҷĴϻ壬ÿһһߣŲȥԭɽȲ鿴Ƿ޳ļ󣬸Ͻ棬ǼҾۼ֣ϼǣ֣͵
ʱ֣˵ˣôѾɼȥ̽ˣ
ߺ˼һ£ǲΪԭɽбɣ֣Цˣֶ˫ȫԭɽԹžԳҩ춯޳ĻпϡƷҩʹǸȥܹǷԲʮ޶ĵҩݣ϶ǷƷ˵ҩֲ֣֮Լ̣ԼҲһȥ̽
ߺ˼֣ȥΪҵʵȻ棬ôһǾˣ
ֶΪΣ
ãͬˣ˴֮ҪʮƱΣϾǵĻݵĹϵߺΪԷ׸ɵģ
֣ŵЦãʮֶȥ׼һ£ͳˣߺ֣մó֣յͥԺȥ
ߺҲԼĿĵģԼ˾ҪΪԷʲôԼҲҪҪǣԴɽ֣ԸҩߺҪ뾡ʵֻǾԵ̫ˣİȻܵ¸ȣǸߺ궼δҩΪʮּ̣ҩﷴ棡
Ҫ߽֣ͥԺʱһӰǰվסɣ˵һǹӰ֣ա
ߺڵͷ˼飬էͻرѣŽʣ̡
粻Ҫ֣սĺеĳߺĳȥٶôṦĸߺȣԷҲƱɵһ㣬ųǹһ
ҿߺ֣յ֪Է϶ˣæƣ䱻ջأȥ޷ͣ¡
ߺŬͣ˶Էǰ棬һָľ룬˾ͻˡ
ߺĵͷŶԷ˫ˮ͸۾ȻߺʵǿᣬϾδµ꣬ҲԵЩţ
ֻһߴʮֱļӶ𣺡åһӰžһߺϳɼָӡ
ߺٶԭܶȥģһҲ㶣ȻûжܣֻӲİôһơ
ߺɫѸɱֱȻԼҲдǱϾûнӴϣҪսʱڶԷڵϳΪһ߱ʬˣô׵һƣиߺνܡ
֣տ֪Ҫ£˲ߺߺȻǳͣҪ˺϶ǲݵģһԲϾͰνɱ˵ԷλС㣬ð涼ռˡ
С̣ôôûòأҶᣡλ֣ҵϱߺҵĺ磡椡ȿȣŮţŮҵıã˾ͽҵ˾ͽ̣ʶһ°ɣ˵ſȻ۵С۲ɵˡǸߺʤһ˾ͽ̿Ÿߺǿɫµ񣬲ŵʲֹ
˾ͽĿνǹɫ㣬ǣĸûģ͹£Сӯӯһա󲿷˿󶼻סа뷨ǵȻܵģǸߺ
ڸߺȿˣԼ˺͵ˣȻ˺Ůˣƶ񡭡֣նΪߺԼıеһˡ
ߺƽսĽߺʣô˾ͽ̾ͻɥڴˣ֣յʵǾԵסߺĽ


15 
ॣʵĻʹ˵ĶĤڰγһ˲䣬ѱߺ赽˾ͽǰ䣬ˣ֣յľ˾ͽȥٶ֣֮յ۾ϣ˾ͽѱŵû겻壡
ƮƮķ˵֣վı۾ʱ򣬸ߺĳ˾ͽǰͣϵĺ˾ͽ̲һ㼦Ƥʵߺɱ֮ģֻŻһŮϾһѪɷ羰飬ߺҲмҲûôĳޣֻΪ˳۶ѣߺϻ
δгϵ֣æԼ۾ɵóһᵽɤ۵ҲصĶԼظδĶԸߺˣ磬Ҫǽ椡ұɱˣˣ
ߺ⾪Ŀ֣һۣһ˿˿ů½ͨʮ˽ģǸո֣˵Լıɱˣ˱ˣԼͬѵľģ곢۵ĸߺòһ˿жҲһ˿ѡ
ߺɫɺޱȣҲΪҽˣߺδ˵꣬һ춯أǺ˾ͽŷ˳ͻȻ
֣Ҳһҿ˭ߺ°ͣһ޵Ƽֱǰн֮ˮ޾ƣ׳գģ֣ߺ˵⻰ֱû³Ѫɥˣ椵׷ܹˮ漴վڵϣ޵˾ͽ̣椡ޣСãвڸϣв
˾ͽ滨֣һۣ˵åʲô˵ռޣ֣յǺˣջסеŭεԱȰš
ߺЦ֣գͻȻһǿϢԼæڶڵϵ֣գ˵ˣߣǸ磡֣ҲĴӵվ˾ͽһȻû˹ˣ˾ͽҵʱԼÿһο޶˹ԼԼȻڵû˹ˣˣͣ¿Լå͸ղŲɱԼĿɶˡ
ʱĹȥһӰڸߺҰУһݶݵӣҡȣĳԼ֣յȻҲ˭ŸߺǺҵһ̳ˡʮ꣬޵һΪ˵Ѿﻯһ۷壬Ҿ˵˻ı˫ұõʵ׷֮һ
󣬸ߺ΢΢ҡҡͷٺõıǿǰҲһ츳ˣרϰпܵߵĳɾͣҪıԵĻǾԵЩ̰ˡ
Զڰ֮ĺҲԶԶ˾ͽ̣߿ҡҡеȣ˾ͽС㣡߼˾ͽ̽ǰҪ˵ȴ˾ͽǿ޺˫ۣ˾ͽС㣬ģټ֣л˸˾ͽС㣬ν찡֣ķЩɳڣпǳӸλ˸ҵԵʰɣ
ߺ˫һУԷ˼ԣһ˵֣֮˹˾ͽ̣˵֣ҳӸλ˭ˣ췴֮ԣ
ʱ֣պе˵ӣûУǱعƨ£Ѳɲ˲Ǻ֮ˣ֣
֣֮ɫ紺磺֣˵Цˣֻǿ˾ͽСʹ˾ͽСȲ裬԰οС֮ʹ࣡
ߺԽԽȷ˼öԸ֤˾ȻȻɫʣĻ֮޷Ħ
ûп֣Ļעù׻˵ϱ˵
˵СôҹܰԴǲǱżˣѲ֣֮ɵģɶʱĵϣϵǲֶӱСĸɵүүеô֣һһţͲԼдåĸˣ
κͲסˣ֣֣һ٣ٶ㣬㲻Ҫ̫
ֻǽѵ󱸶ѣ˵ﻰż׸񣡡֣˵˵Ųɵҧľ˵һɮǳߵĻֻ˵Щ죬˾ͽҲ֣åԴǶΪЦ
ڼǰ棬ȻŭҲǷģˣǱÿ֣գһٵ㣬ȻҺңҺҺ۸֣۸Ҫ
ܻҪҸɣΪαӣϻսߺе㲻ͷˣ˵ʵ̫鷳
ߺ˵һǺҲû뵽ߺ˵ʹûһ׼ƵæңǱϾԷǻߣܿͰƽ˾ƣҲڰƽΪֹߺʵۺӵгվĸߺ֮ۺֱͨŲֱ޷ټϸߺǾƷʣкԿ
ҲûʹȫŵϳԿģֵǾӣʵõĲͨȣǰӵȹɾִ죬Ҳɼޱȵ˿ƶɣǹ롣˾ͽȻҲ֪ûʹóȫǽסĸߺǲӰǿʵĿ
ղźߺûʹñԼҲ˼ʹеıû뵽ԼԿʹúܲ˵˾ͽ̿ߺ񣬽кЩ˲óԼǰȣȺ£ӳŸߺĴȥͷͻȻļС
ʱߺƾвߣνȻˣлߺϣǾǱ͸Ľ
֣ղɵúɣ޳ܣ˸ӡ˾ͽ̵ҲŽš
Σյʱ򣬸ߺӰȻƮȥʹúһգȻߺת齣ʹ飬źĲȥгƿѾ֪ԷγˣһֱҪȡԼ
ȴ򿪣ԼĲȥֻõһȻñǿĲѣ漴תͷߺ޵ĿŸߺң
ʱ֣յҲˣԸߺܹԽսˣԱ߷̵ôҪְȥǺ棡ʱǲֱ˻ȥүү
Ҳȥգ綾߰ݺݵĶŸߺһۣݺݵ³֣ڵģ˵תߣû֣ǣͶŶ뿪֣ң
Ȼ֣Ѿϰ˸ߺԽս˾ͽûаﲻ뵽СȻܹܻߣ԰Լѩ׵Ķͷһ£ԼʲôأСʵɶ˭ϲȻֻ
ߺȻ֪˾ͽʲôʹ֪ʲôҲϵģ֣գΪκ֣ңŶģ֮ôһĵĹ涨ÿһжҵļһһ˭ÿζǻӣֹ涨ݱһʽÿγǰòļͷһ𣬷ǻΪӣ
ǻ𣿡
ߣ嶼ΪɣֻһֻССĶѣôܻЭ

˱߱˵֣յСԺѸղſ޵Ĳޱȵ˾ͽˣ˾ͽԱʹ˶СţתתĵǲȥүүҲμεжߣ
˵ջı֣ҺһΪεСԺɱȥ
СԺٵԶڻ಩ġһȻ֣ĸס֣磬֣ƽƽĿ϶ͨˣ
˾ͽ˵κԭɽȵǲ½ҹģĿҵļ̳ˣ֣һ˼֣һ߶Զߵ
΢΢ҡҡͷܣ½Ҳôϲܻϸʮ꣬ڵľ˵һſܴ־ƣȻĻһ̳Ҳ޼£ͣһ£ʵڿҪͻ˰ɣ
֣ǽŵüͷչˣͻˣҲͲôάˣ
Ҳ¶ЦݣʱҲˣҲ¶Էˣ⼸½СŲǳ֣ΪľԼ˲ţʱѸײڶ֮ƽ𣡵һ£ǿͬʱĶҲڲϵıǿ
λ̸ʱһԶүү֣үүأұȻ۸ң
΢ЦվСǻˣǸӵ״˾˾ͽμϵ˾ͽҲ˾ͽҵĶߣ
ڶ죬鿪ʼᣬߺҲĴӴ֣Ҵǰ棬֣ҵͷ֣裬Ųߺ֣նУϵӣ
ȥ˽ڣһſſȥÿжڳſڼϣ֣ҵ˶ϰ𣬵Ȼ֣ճ⣬Ǹߺϰģ֣ձĴӱ˳
֣ĶȽ磬Լ˵ſڵʱ΢΢һƥĵĵ⼸ҵĵ
ʵ⼸˶صģ֣һֹ߲ͣʲô֣費ϵ⼸ӷԸʲôصľߺˣȻҪ˵ʲôʱǾʱˣʱһ㾪Ŷʹ߻ħ
ߺȴǲ£ΪѾΪһϰˣӼˮʿʼߺͿʼϵ˵ʱʼߺ˯ʱûһµʱ䣬һոտʼĺ˵ǿµģҲ޷ģǸߺˡ
ڸߺԷˮһȻԷˮźܲ߻ħɣ
ʱˣǹ˼ң˼ҲǾ˳Ҳ̫ǹ˼ҵĴүͣ˼һӣƮӣǸߺܵĹƱӱҲƮڵģһֱûŵϢڹ˼Ѿʼڵˣһֱûʲôչ
˼½һģԶ֣ʮֲðҲһΪ˼Ǵ󽫾ְ֣֮ȫԪ˧ѹ˼һͷǾˣ˭Ҳϣѹһͷ
˾ͽңͷ˾ͽ̵׸硪˾ͽ֣ϳЦݣܣأ֣ҲòֹͣԼֹ˾ͽк˾ͽҲЦߴкźļ˺֣Һϳһ˾ͽҲ֣С̸ʲô
ֵǣ˾ͽҵоȻ˾ͽ̵Ӱ˿ȫȻһжװͷɫڣ棬ǹ϶ԵǧŮʱֵ֣ܿ˾ͽ̶۾ֵܶ뵽Ѳɾ˾ʧķˣ˾ͽ̵۾һֱ͵۾ĸߺﰵͷ˵ʲôҪ㣡
ͼˣҺӣ֣տһֹ֪СӻؼɶҩȻô;ˣԱߵ֣ˣֵʵ˵ɶ
֣ղ˵֣ıڻǽ˳췢ԼĴ˵һ飬˾ͽҲĵԼå֤
ԭ˾ͽҲ֣֣ĵô࣬ΪɶһתСأڿԼԷСˣҪ֪Ҳֻ֮䣬ߺܽܣǻԼҲʲô⡣
Ĵһ˰ʱԶNN½ҵ
ʱ򣬸ߺʼձŵ˫˿Էôװ


16 ֽʬ
½ң˵֣һ֮棬ǿļ塪ң½ҲҪ֣Ͼ½ߣڶμң̫أԽȻ½Ϊǣ½ʮ꣬ʵѾﻯ˲㾳磬̾Ϊֹ
½ȱţǲΪѷ򣬿˵ڲǵ׵Ĵڣ˵ڲܹڶʮͻƻߣ򲻹һˣҪ֪˿ȣǶôĿڻֻнֿѹ½һͷʮͻƵ澳ֻȲʷǿ츳Ľ꣡ʮͻƵ߲㣬񽣾粻ʮˣ˵ҪͻƵ֮ǲĴ֮һ
ܹ벻ʮ꣬ΪǱһаμģʮĴ֣ɼ츳жྪˣļ¼пܻᱻߺƣ
½Ҵӵ½ֻ֣һӾԶֻһ˲ӴĶ㵽˽ǰһŵ˲ǰλӾõˣˣǱǸ˵붯ν棬Ͻһλʿ
ĴȫǰϹˣȺҵӦģȻ֣ҰʼԣڻʳǱȻ쳣ҲֵˣϾƾУһսôӭӵı½֮ȫΪūҪ֪ΧԪȶڻĶ⡣
½ЦݿͻȻһӰͲεһͦţǹɲƺԶᳯκ˵ͷǸߺ
½Ķ͵΢΢һ£ָֻЦݣҶɣǶֵܣα˴񣿲֪λֵǲļҵӣĴҵĵȫ½ָŸߺѯʵ
ߺָָŵȻɫ΢֣Ҵģкιɣ½ΪҵȻǸ˴ܵˣüͷԱߵһ꿴ӵģȻ֪Ϊŭɵͦ󵨣ӵ¾ȻҲѲĲͷ𣿡
ԾڰķУ֣ɫҲ̫ÿ˭óߺ֣֮ˣȴڴ֮ͥ˵ߺˣʵڴ֣ҵɵôʲôʱԴʼҶ֣Ϲˣǻҵ˼˼
ҵԽԽòԾˣô˵˵Ÿߺĳ˵ҪԸ֣ˣ½ɫҲһ˲࣬ģŵáҪ֪Ϊһ仰֣½ҪԼװȱԼĸɱò֣裬ԼϥôӣԼһڶֺ޵ҧгݰ˵˸˵ʲô
ڵ½ʮܾʹ˱죬ϧԸΥǹɱ뾢ˣ˶ȻΪⲻ񻰵СӣӷԸϿͷϴߺС˴ˡȻʳǣҾͷŹ
仰½˫ַϵĲϵ亹һ߲һ߰ǸƣʲôʲôεĻʵʺȫͷˣƶƲˣ
֣Ա߲ˣƿڴߺǰɫ˪ҹϴǾҪǷǱˣңҰ˵İ죬ʤʳǣ
ֺҲһµļһҲ˵Ǳ뵽¼һãһΪҾӣʥϷ֣ҵϱ
½ԽԽŭԽԽԼҪ̲ס׳ʬˣﲻ뵽ⲻ϶ҵİɣô¶Ƶˣ
ʵ½ԼֵˣֱԸͱ뺷ޱȣڴʹһֺ÷ڣԽšӡʳǹϵĻ֮µһˣʵ½ӢΪ˻øôּǰģҲδ뵽ִ˾Ȼ˱ɡ
²ɱ֮Ȼ㱻֣ˣһ治֪ɶַԾƥͷԵʵ
ߺѾܽ˪ˣƾ仰ɣ˾Ͳ֪ҵˣɱ
ʣ䣬ߺ𸡹Ӱٳִȥٶ֮զࡣ˱ضһ룬ҶԷȻ룬ܹΪµһҲеʵġ
ֻδ÷ڣֻ˫ּǰ£һǰһߺߺ֪ԭʹ÷ڵģ⧲֮£ֻͣסȥƣһתڣ
ڣߺһʹ÷ڵս˵ʵѶԸıǷڣ֮ıֻΪʹ߲صﻯͿԸչ߱ġ
ߺϤһ·ڵսʽֻĳǸߺǾ˿ɼṦֱѹ
ڲϵĴӶߺߺܶ㣬ʹó֮䣬ʱһʹ÷ڵƽֳԭֵķӵ̫ʹˣѾûзˣ
ߺҲܸоΪΣڵܼҲС˲١ͣҿɾ͹ˣ˵գߺ𸡹Ӱ㳯ֳȥ
ֿߺԵЩʧ룺һһУһ£ߺʵ뿴һڻսʲô̶ȣԱٶȣ
ʱ֣һߴ󺰣СģӵľʮգҲԹ
֣յĻ䣬ȸߺ˼ֵ㴫˹ҶǨɣ˫ֲϻ裬ǰǰʮڣӺʱӷڵַһ˿ϸ΢ı䶯ʮڣĳߺ˹ȥ֪ڻңûطˣɵȫǶŸߺɵģߺվλҲԶ
ߺ֪ԳתŻǰЩڣעȴһֱϡ
ǰǶʮһ֧ȫߺ䣬Ҳ˳ŷߺĺ󷽣ߺЩ֣δʲôͬ
Ҫֵʱ򣬡Сģ֣һҲͻȻһ˿¶æͷֻڣȻںת˷򣬳ԼϮھԼɵľ롣
ߺ֮£ȫȫͷųʮеڣڱķȥॡǽڣʱߺֳֽȻˣֻý֣ʩչֽĻڵϡ
Σչȥˣߺֻһ亹û뵽ڼɿԵ̶ֳȣֲöԷڻʳǱΪ֮µһˣԼŵھһ߱ʬˣ
ָղſߺԼ˵û뵽ߺȻܶԼľУʹͬ˲Ӭһܣ
½ҲһҿߺûȻ֣½ˣԼСҲ϶ˣ뵽⣬ֺ޵ҧгݣ֣ˣʳǰɣӴ˺󲻵̤ʳǰ벽ָָһָȥԭɽȡ
ⳡ粨ôȥˣֱʳǣβļҵĵҲ֪˸ߺͷҲע˸ߺ
һжƺƵĿʼǰԭɽȣһ·Ҳûʲô˸ڴٵģһ·൱ڸߺǰ˵Ǳƽģ
󣬾ԭɽȻԶһСɽ崦ߺһڴǰͣ¡֣ǰת𣺡𣿡һ紺ը𡣵Ǵ˿ûС
½üͷȽȥ˵ɣһ̤ɽ壬֮󿴵ľʹõС˾ͽȼ
͵ȴŻֻ˾ͽ½ߺ֣輸糣ˡԭׯ˶ɱˣֶǸָʬ壬ǰǰƣеͷ­ûˣеֻû˰ͷ­һЩҰڲϵĲʳЩʬ壬ΨһͬǣЩʬûһ˿ѪҺƶƵģ
֣ĿԲ覴ѣЩһҪɱȺߺĿһ۵֣޽ЩɱΪЩûнЩ˳Եɱ˵Ŀʲôأ
ȲΪҪɱЩˣΪʲôɱ˶֣ŬѹԼģԼʧء
֣費ĴȰ裬ʬһһѻˣ˵ţٱʬҰ̫ƽˣ
ߺ΢΢ҡҡͷȻͬͬ˵ΪãϸûйƽйƽĻΪһʣעԵʹŬҲ۷壡
æһ磬һٶȳһգһصϢǸӵĲҰʹôҶ˲
һ˾˺üӣÿһӶѣȫһɶһڶû
һ·ߺҲԽԽ֣裬ΪûһׯὫЩʬ𻯰ᣬÿһζˡ
һһ²ѣѵֲиһֱڱ˿ȫǰ׳Ϊ¡
һϣ·Ա֧񣬵ȼ𡣵ʱߺóʱ򣬾һΪĴҵļ̳ˣÿ˶һ䣬Ϊӵ½˵ˣȻӵеֻƷĴ䣬ȻޱȣߺС壬ֻмʸӵдָ
磬һʮĶҲʮֵ档ָһƬռ䣬Яޱȡ¼Ĵ磬ռ䲻ʮףҲͨĻ߿ģ
ǻ潫˵ӳͨ졣ΨиߺʮԶİʹԭ׽Ūߺ˾ͽʮֵ١Ͼڸչûãҹǻʮֵĺ䣬뿪ůĻѣȥǺİȻԸһ⼸ׯĲҰԶԺڰ־쳣
ڻԵ֣ɫĵٹҪԭɽˣһҪܼɱЩյޣҵû˻ػʱ½˻⣺ţȹ˽˵ɣ˭ҹˣÿһ֧鶼ѡҹûһˡ
ʱߺԶԶĴ֣Ҿɣ˵һ˿ˡ˾ͽڰΪưأ
½Զĸߺһۣ˵ͷ½ҾɣָָһŲ㣬˼Ų㣬˾ͽҵ˾ͽΣ
ÿһҹһߣŻȫ
ʱţԱߵȺȥֻʣҹļˡ˾ͽһֱҸʱߺ˽½̸ԭ⼸˾ͽֻڿߺҲһֱ˾ͽΪԼıϲϸߺأɵ鿴鿴ߺƷĻôһ÷ҲҶԷҲ
Ǹߺһֱڰ´˶ԷǶԷ߻ħֻסġ½һֱԲģһԲһǳĴ󣬱¹ڵϣʹҹԵ쳣ž
ޣȻԶɽϴһļµߺ˫˿еǽУҲеХߺվ˾ͽ˵ȥһ£һ˾ͽȻָ֪˭˵ͷߺ𸡹ӰٵԶɽȥ
ǵȻЩ˯˾ˣȳ֣½˸û˯ڴһۣ΢΢˵ͷ˾ͽ֣߳½һͷ֣˵ߺѾ׷ȥˣ
ߺһ·ɳۣܵɽ£ɽѪѪȴ̱ǡߺγ׼ţһɽ֮ȥֱɽҲûзһ·ʲô֮ͬһصѪΪ֮ʱͻȻʶ̧ͷһ۾Ҳ벻ˣһӰڲԶɽϣӰ¹⣬ߺҲʲôΨһĿǣ˫Ǻģð˿ֲĺ⡣


17 ɮ
Ѫĺ⣬ϵ˸·ҪѸߺȥȻʮԶǸߺǾԼѪҺҲֱ
ŬԼĹƽС鲽ǰƶ˲ףǸӰŭһХޣХҡ
ߺһͣĶǸӰǵӰٶȾȵߺÿһÿһľ붼ͬ
֣Եĸ֣ߺﾪ̾£ԼҪԷսضܾˣȴ㸶֮ж˫һתʹʮɸӰһӰֱɽ֮ȥ
ߺܵɽ֮£׺ˣˣиֹˣȫ˯ӣʲô֣ж߰үүҪߡ𣿡֣ԺĲ۾˳ֵģһĿ⾪ˡ
֣գղ˵ʲôߺĿ֣գ֣ոɿһ治ƣհ
磬˵ʲôأϰʲôʱ˾ͽ֣յߡ֣գ
һȫˣۼһ֣˫۾Ÿߺ½Ҳ溬΢ЦĿŸߺ
ߺһղԼľʵˣ֮üͷ壬ߺ˵ǸӰҲпԳΪֻԳӽ࣬˫ҲǺġɲԳҪ֪ԳʹҲޣ൱ĺǿߣԳܾͻȫ½ˡ澳龳Ĳ޿ɹģһªƽĦȣûȵĿܣ
˵硵ʱɽִ޵ĺУκԵøΪŭŭ¡¡ս
ߺЩ죬ղŲδκζǰôᷢսأǿҵĺʹŸߺһľĵط
ҵӵҲ֪ղŸߺ˵ǷʵҲһȥ˶ߣߵɽ¶˵ʵڲʲô£ߺ࣡רṦ½Ըߺٶȶ̾Ϊֹ
˵ٶȵȷǿ죬˵ٶҲĶ֣һɫصĵںһĵ˵ٶˣʵҿҲĶ֣
ڽڳ֮ǰһͰڸߺ֣֮һˣǿã˼岻ҩģԻûл½й˵ߺʵ˵ô˵飬Ҳû˵½ͻΪߺֻͨߡ
ߺĵϸ߷壬ǰһĻиߺˣֻûͷߣֳֳǸιΧм䣬еĳϵĻǸι
ڸߺҲǸιģȷǸˣ˵ʮֵټͷɢţߺҲ޷˵ʲôɫģֻǿȥƽ˲һǣгСָ֣ķޱȡ
ͷߵľԼǻһ۷壬еĳʹޱȣӸղһһԱһ˸ߵľʯ󣬸ߺСˡ
µмǸιȻô¶ûˣعӰֻ顱ŷ
ߺ뵽ѲɡǺν壬ͬһļӲǹ롣
ǹﲻãһֻӲߵӲֱ̧ۣһߵĳסһִֻźХ˵ؿڣ˱ʮಽ̲ס³һѪ
ȻǸǿƣվ޷ͷߣʱƣǰףǹݺݵĳȫһɨͷ߱һɨʮಽǹҲûˣʧںҹУҵվڸߺ߹ۿȫⳡĿɿڴ
ǼͷҲû׷ȥߺ˵ķҵæóԼͳŶԷվסʲôˣ
һֵĹͷվߺһ񣺡ҵǲµɮ˴·˵طִ˹ڴΪ˼䣬Գֳ
ߺһ㶣סʵ£ֵɮתͷ˵ͷ΢Ц
ߺŲؾŽܣϴ½ǿ֮һ¡ڲϴ½ʮǰɮȫǿߣʳȣŮɫȵɣ˵Ű
ȻɣԱ𾴣ֻΪɮΪȫ¸ոսͽʱһ龳ǰȥң˲ټµ˲˵ڻɱ˲ɮһɮֻ߹ԼַǰǿĺԼѹ׵ľжʹˣǶԷûˣԼȴ۵ֻú޶ȥ
ӴԺ֮׹˲֪˲
ҵĵæ񣺡ԭµʦ֣ҵһԼű
Ǽɮ紺Цԭҵʦ֣ˣߺϲ˵ϻֱӿżɽλʦ֣һ²ղǸʲôʵǿ󣡡
ߺ˵ղļµĹȫ˶ʶȤıԼ죬ϾղǸʵ̫ˣǼ壬ù˽£Ȼһ¶ûУ˫ȹ˫ܰ˵ȥƵġ
뵽ղǸĿ£˾ͽ̽ץסԵֱۣ˿֪Ավ֮Ǹߺ޳ָߺʹøߺüͷ
ǼɮһĵղǸǡ˵еĽʬʬ˵һʵô롣
ʬϣʬ屻ԹʴûǣԹΪѪΪʳȫʯӴ˵֮γɽʬΪ֮ɢ壬ʹʬɽʬҪȷе˵ʬڵĲһݵɮΪҽ
ֺн˵Ҫ˵ղǸʬеΪжѣҼ˲ڴ˹»
֣ɫô˵ǼׯĴǣʬΪȥɱˣΪЩ񱨳𣡲֪βɱõأ֣ҧгݵ˵
ɮע֣һ˵ͷ֣ӵܹ涼ʿΪ°룬ʵ֮Ҫ뽫ǸʬȷҪλİ
֣Ʋҵ˾ͽҵӵҲ΢Ц֣һǸˣ½һɫͺӵ˼˵Լ½ĳ
ʦ֣ǽôأߺĶɮһ֣˳Լֱ۴˾ͽ̵ħצнѳߺҲԼ˼ղɮ˵ĽʬӲؾĽп֪ʬ߾磬ԷݵأɽѵأƲ񷡣ʮ֪ʬʲôģģôսġ
һɮĿ˸ߺһۣ΢΢̾һСѣֻѣȰ㻹ǲҪȥˣ߸޷ͷʬ˺⼸ʦָҵȥ˵Σ
ߺ΢΢һЦʦ־ôȷҲУǱһΣʤˣʦ׼ȥ
ʲôҪұԣղ˵ǸɮԾʵλʦܣȰ㻹ǷɣҪ˵϶ҵĶ֣ȥȥǡͣʱǻ㲻ܣ˵أɲԹҵȣ
ȻˣǱлˣߺ΢΢һЦĿıȥʶһ½ʬɮȻԼѾȥˣαأ
ߵ֪ΪԼṦñ޵𣿡Ҳ۷׷ףԲҿëɣ
Ƶʱһʵ˵ǼӷʲôԼÿֲ˵Ǵʴʣģӽˮ˰ɣЩϽؼҰɣ˵ǵںͱأ
Ǽ˵ɫһ±࣬͵ɫҲʮѿ֣ͷŸɾ㣡
ֵ֣˵ʲôûָ˵Ե㣬żϰôˣǰɣ㰡
͵Ȼ֪֣һͷ׵åڻʳǸģ˹ȥڴҲ´Ըɴ첻˵֣ԼҲˣֻҸߺ˵ȥˣ
УƾʲôȥҪĻҲҪȥ֣ոˣһݺ˹˾ͽ̡
ֻú棬⻹Ƿ򳪸氡˼Ҳɶϵĸ콱ƵģӻԾı
ߺҲ棬˵ЩʲôԱߵ˾ͽˣʲôʵ˾ͽðɣΪһ˲˸ߺǰ桰ôˣǲ㽫׵Ļұضɥڴˣ˾ͽһץס˸ߺӣһָ߸߾𣬺ƸߺͣҪһȭͷȥ
˾ͽ̿Լľٶ֪Լ˼ˣԸߺҲеǸ⣬æߵĶԼĸ¸ûϵҸ֮£ͲҪˣ
βֻǸߺˣ֣նûʲô˵ˣⲻԽԽθߺƺҲϴˡ
棬˾ͽԼС˵ЩˣֱӳԼǱλεıݺݵĶԸߺ㻹Ʊʲô
ߺͣ˾ͽ˵Щټ϶ԷѾˣԼԷץסΪвԸߺƢȻʾ
ߺ˫΢΢һץסԼ֣֣
˾ͽſȻĵ֣ҽҪɫƣ˵ճߺϴȥ
ߺҲŭڣٲʲôˣ˾ͽĳδ̵Լϵʱ򣬸ߺʣг趯˾ͽĳһȥתȫֻһ𣬾ͽ˾ͽ𿪡
ߺӯ䵽ϣһţȥԷ׺󣬸ߺֹסԼ壬бĿ˾ͽսߺһת𸡹ӰһģӰӣ׵ľ˲¶ϣб˾ͽȥ
Ϊߵ˾ͽȻһ˲ͷӦˣгߺȥŸĳײһŰķķѸٺˣߺƳһԼĳӣֽΪͨжĴڣƷҵײһ£Ȼû¡
ڸղԷӴʱ򣬸ߺֶԷĳȻƷԲŻæʱĲ鿴ԼıǷ
˾ͽȻƷⳡսߺɲС鷳Է˾ͽҲڳԾһԼȻƾУԼûƭԼ˵ȷܻ˹
ߺڵģߺʹõЩԽԼļޣһ󣬸ߺ͵˫͵һɣʱȫð˿˿·Ϸ·һ˪Դʱ֮ߺ״ʹóԼ޵Ҳ֪״̬£ԷԼ϶У
ڳˣɮǰˣ⻹ûҵʬأԼȴˣҿߺӣ˲˵˾ͽпܰڶԷ֮֡
֣ڼٵսף֣ЩĿˣ磡鲻ǲҪٴȥˣ
˾ͽȫû뵽ΪԼһ仰̬ݱӣнһˮЩɳʵĺ磬Ǳٴ˺ˣ
ڵĸߺȥڵս߰ʱʵϸ˵ߺʮֵսʱ佫Ը񳹵׵ѹˣʹ¶ûֳԸ񣬽Ա˾ͽ׼ˣս죡
ߺŭһ˾ͽУ֮齣
ߺĳͬһ׹⣬Ѹٵĳ˾ͽȥߺ֮ЩշѿСϽ˪űĳԱߵҶϷӹǲҶѸٱһ
ߺһʵѾһķΧˣһѸٵ˾ͽȥ˾ͽ֪һô򵥣˫һţȥһߺһˣȻûУ
£ڳ֮һߵĽ˾ͽȥڿе˾ͽ۾ȫһ㡣ҲʹȫӳһĳߵĽ
ײһ˾ͽĽᣬ飬ɢڿУߺĽȻ磬ҵĳ˾ͽȥ˾ͽڵϦ
˾ͽһ̵ʱһɫ˾ͽǰ裬˾ͽǰγһ᲻ɴݵĽɫԲܣߺĽݺݵײڽɫԲϣʹǸԲܲϵĺˣ˳Զ֮󣬸ߺĽʧˣԲҲ֮ʧֹͣ˻裬ǽɫĹӣһڵĳǣڳͷһ㱡档
ȻߺĽʧˣųˣսӵĸ߰ĵɮһصĴڣһдд裡Ρ˵仰ĸߺսĿŶǸֵɮ


18 ѹȫ
ߺĳðźֵָɮûʦֵմ
ƽ˱ָ˵ŭˣǻش𣬲µȫԸºֵͣɮ΢΢һЦҷ󣡡
ȻǸСֵָָܲԶɮҵʦܣɣ
ߺߵĵˣת˵ոʦֲߴͽ̣
Цһ˸ߺ˼ֵȻ֤Լʵ³׾
ߺ΢΢ҡҡͷĵҲΪ֤ҵʵΪ֮дһ£
Աߵ˾ͽѾ˾ͽ̺֣ߺ˵⻰΢΢Цʱ֣ʵܣоΣ
˾ͽոհܸһߣȻãߺ޵ĵ֣һۣôû
֣Ȼ֪˾ͽΣæЦԼˣղ̫嶯Ҳᵽز
֣Ѵ֣ʳǰ˵˾ͽ˾ͽ΢΢һ˾ͽ̣ȵѾͷô˵㣡
˾ͽ̵ͷ½ǣҽˣ⣡
˾ͽᣬԼãĶ֣ʵʮǿǸղɮң´˿Ҿˣ
ˣܰɣϾ˾ͽҵļҴסǧҶװ֣ЩšҪ֪װѵó̶ȣһƷףֵһƷ
˾ͽһⱦҲ˵ˣҪûҵ³ڴˣ
֣迴˾ͽ˱飬ˣҪ֪˾ͽ˴׳ʧܣǳˣ֤ԷʵǿսϣߺٸϻֱӸ߸Ծ𣬳䣬ݺݵȥ
󿴶ԷͣԼĻسԴ˲˽ɫ󽫳߸߾ߺĳȥӣһըӽӴ㴫
Ǳĺ̼ͷƤͷƤһ㼦Ƥһȫˣʵ̫ˣ
󳤹һԼϵĳһߣԾȥվ壬ˣһŸߺעˣ
ߺ΢΢һͷ󿴵ߺͷ̻ųŸߺɨɨǧǳڰ;кȻʽֵָͬĹӰͻȻĳߴֵĹӰźɨһеߺɨ
ߺ˫һƣɽƣߺðµĴضϵĺļӲޱȡ
ɽߺһƺݺݵϮĹӰȥڸߺǰȻһߵı磬ӭŹӰײȥգۼײӰһ±㽫飬΢΢ҡҡͷߺ滹ǲЩ־ʵ
Ϊߺذɵʱ򣬸ߺǰ۳һĳߵı硣һͻУӰ飬Է£ֽΪǱոձӰ飬ߺǰ۳һߵı硣
ϵڱߴߵľ޴ˡ޹סľȣѸٳسһתѸߺ˫Ƶ£ľСѩ÷
һƬѩ㣬ͬʱŸߺ˫Ϯȥ߸ߵı类ǿĴ͸ȥƲģڵĳߺȥߺղʹõǱɽھһ߹һԲϵĴ磬ڵʵҲֻܴٶͲˡ
Էߺ֪ԼĺɽԲֵܵ
һ㣬һλ²Ϊǿ֮һҵĽס۷׷ף֣յʹùģ˾ǿĹղܣʮֿѧĹ
ߺ˫һУԼУôԼɣߺȫתϣ֮飡ߵĽǼƽɫĹӰӭȥ
ҵײһӰҲڲڹʧֻ֮ʣ²߳ǰɫĺȥ
ĸղΪ˾ͽֵԲֳˣθߺˣ˫ֽѸٵ𣬳ϳʹóӲޱȣټϹӰתµĹܲ͸硣
ٶȲ͵ĳԲ֮ϣǿҵײɳȥڵϺۡȻֻ߳ϴСǱϾϴεʮס
ǿĹʹΧ۵ĿɿڴҪ֪ղǸʬҲֻеɻʮԶղ˵ı֣⼸ʵߵģߺܽʮԶȥ֤ڵĹиղͷʬĳ̶ȡ
󱻻ɵʱ򣬸ߺиӰ棬ֹͣʱһѺ˵ĳֵǷʰײ֮ϡ
ˣߺʵˣԭ¸ղŵʧΪ֮ܵǱı䣬ɹɺ͸Ƥ뵽ڣоԼĺҪˣ
ߺʣԽ֧أڴڵĴоԼҪ͸֧ˣڵҲʣ޼ټϸղʹõȫǳԽ弫޵ġ
ղŸߺȫ֧⣬սսȥˣһɣоԼȫڵĸߺֻúõ˯һ
ߺŬѹԼ˯ĸоʲڵϣ彥ſеָԼ
ߺȻʤˣ˴һɶʧɫҪ֪츳ߣΪߵģʹжܸλϲ֮У书ϵһԷΪģһϵԹΪġ
ǹϵеٮٮߣ֮໹˷ϵеԲܣҲСгɾͣȻûר޷ɵɮߣǶͨߵĹҲԵֵˡ
һԼĳ¼õľƳɵģӲޱȣľȴһǳǳС
ЦĶ֣˵λʵǿĸźҵĸͽǲôûأǷǵӰ
һ֣裬֣Ĳ֪˵ʲôˣѾߺǿʵ𺳵ˣ𺳵ĸоǿҵľϲС
ҿ֣Ѿȫϰ߸ߺսʽ˵ߺʤǲأͺ¿Ǻǣʦؾҵĺ磬֣ҵϱҲƮڵĸͽ
֣ЦʵͺӴ磡鷳һ£ǵĹ⴫ԸΪʦԸǮǹҤӣô
΢ЦǵĹ⴫ģȤ£ΪµӾͿϧ¹˵ĶҤӣʵ˼ŮӾǺãµӲŮɫģ
֣ⷽǻЦԷ½𾪹νǳƲҵˣ½ҧгݵİʲôߺȻʵ겻ʮ꣬츳֮ǿΪ֣ҵô˲ţһʼҡ
ʱҡϵӣɫĵǻӲ֮ڲһĨһɱͷĶ
½˼ʱԱ˵ӣҪ֪˵˲ŲΪãΪɱ
½ɱһ֣ĵ٣ͽˣΣ
ԭյЦ̶סˣæɿȣȿȣҾøˣϾӢ˫ܼ˵ԺΪ󽫾ЩҲã
Ϊ֮ҲᶼʲôֺۣοúķУԴһȣͷֲ嶫ϱˡ½һ֣ӵ£ԸΪǣ
½΢΢˵ͷӵͷվ˳ֳֳꪣңָߺߺǵѪսΪŻӵҺȻҲѪڰɣǹƽһսΣ
֣ʱżˣʲôҪҪҲйƽʲôʱģʲôʱּһ
֣ʱվ˳ǹֱָͣм˵ͣȻսΣԸһ£
;ЩΣʱҡԼֽһҡߵ˵룬Цӯӯĵ֣٣ֻǿߺʵ˾ʽһʱдһ£ֺαС֮ĶȾ֮أ֣
ŭ˵Щʲôߺں洫˹֣磡ȻԷҪд裬Ҫ˹ִԵЩˣⳡдҽˣ
ߺԭվڵϵĽУֻҪǱ˾Ͷ֪ΪʲôԵ޹ʵߺսߺȻ֪ǲӵԼôһŵģȻԼָֻĳǶԸˣĳԡ
͵õߺĿ϶شȻЩ죬Ȼʮָˣôһ;Լˡ趯˼£ЦΪˣۣģʱϣСˣ
ߺûٸԷϻʣƱˣһʼʹóˡ齣ѸٵĴһͳȥͳ翪֮ߺĳȥ׻˵һ糤һǿ
ȹ˸ߺǰ棬ȫʢʱڣߺȻù˼һˣڸߺֻȫʢʱڵĳɵĹӲߺֳֽɽƣսĳһȥһŹʹȥһɣתóβߺĳȥ
ߺĳһ¾ͱͲͲߺĳ֮󣬳תߺȥߺиӰȥ˫ʹ׷̶ȥߺ볤ꪵ֦֮еķڣضڵϡ
ߺǰԾȥָɽʹó齣ͻȥһֶԷָƲָ㣬һԼʹԼٶȣԼĲһ㣬ߺĽָֻ˹͵ۣ类ĳпһ˲ͱи
һĻĹ۾͹ЩڣΪɶԼҪǰأڵĸߺԲ֪ڵ뷨ʩչɽһĹͣڸղžͿߺʹˣԿߺʹУǲҪǰȥ
һıԶСϣǿ˲ͱۡߺתʱһ۾½ڵı飬Ѿ˫ֽеĳӿ̲סˣڵ½ʮֵĳԾûȫָߺȻѹŹʹǸߺȫָԼټϹĶˣɱߺҲᶨ
ߺһ֪ÿܾͻˣ֣֣ԻԼ˾ͽɮ˵ˣ֣費ԸΪԼôľѣ֣ҵʵԲңȻӲƴ֮ǽ֣ұȫǵ˶֪ôѡɣǽһ֣գһŲֿܵԷ
ߺԷһȫԼʣĳȫֵָ֮䣬ʹһҴͣսģµʲô֮齣
ߺָŹͷһ̣ȻֳһĺƥŹ͵ұۻȥǵ֮ͬͷȥƿæͷƣһԼ˹ŵɫȻ˶ܣǵ׼ȷĽ͵ұۻ
ȴûһѪֻܿԷֱиһֵָ͸Сߺν߾ȫĽֱ̫ˣɮûӦҪ˵ԮˣΨһܸϵϵȴˣҲϲȥˣֻĿŹͱˣʱĹҲ˲÷ŭˣΪһɺڴԼ˲λԼľԼĵȥ;СɺˣҪĲָԷҪĽɺȥҪȻȵ뵽Լĵ֮УͲ鷳ˣﱻĻԼʵпָܻ۷ˣ
ߺڶˣоǰһһףڵľڳţȻվǣ۾Ŀ½һɣָɽָǣһû֪ҸߺʵΣ߼дһµľվе͸֧ܲô̫ˣܱ֤һʧ֮»ֱۣ
ߺ˵½ǰŲһ֣֣Ҳһ½ķŲһԱ½ͻʩ֡Ǹߺһתŵпܻв
˵ߺ˫ֱ½޳۵Ĳ½ֻԼĲֱƸղűǺĽԼĲ˿̸ߺûбǹ½ЩŲ߾͸Ҫ˵ˣڸߺŵ
½ЦǣţȻֽ˾ȥϢɣϾǻҪȥץʬأţɣȥϢȥɡ
˵Լһˣɽ𣬽ԼӪ½һɽһһߺľʵ̫ˡ
ʱ֣æϵߺǰ˸ߺһ£а硭û˵꣬ߺֻת˹ȥ嵹֣յϣ


19 ͻ
ߺʱѾǵڶ磬һҹ˫ۣߺܣ֣յڸߺԼꤣһϣûԶŹ֡
ŬĽԼ֧ԭأԼ΢΢Цڵνʮ⡣һֱԽԼ弫޵սڵľһЩˣһЩˡ⻹ģڸߺľûһ˿տҲ
ҪָУ˵ֱӰһʼӴʱôָ𣿵һʼʱÿ˵ľģˣֻܵƽˣԵڸߺڵ뽫һ죬Ǹǳ˵Ρ
г֮ظֻڿԼʣ׳Ȼ󽫶ľ޸ѵľԸߺľû
ʱһŲŻ֣ǷŭӣҪҺսĲҪ챻ŵöҶ컶ˣ
֣֣˵֮𣺡Ҳʳ½ҳͬߺţҲȥģ
˵̧ͷһȫסˣߺ˫۶Ŀǡһǿϲ֣ٵߵߺǰ˫ֽߺץ磡ˣû˰ɣڵĸߺȫûһ˿ľ֣ˡĥ˫ü΢΢
֣Ͼ꣬Ҳھдߺ˱֪ܲߺڻδȫָæֹ֣յıΪ֣յڶµ֣壬µ֣裬ȻĽ˫ַ£ͬʱҲ˸ߺ麹ڨЦ˵һµģȻǸߺˣΪҪǵߺһᰡ
֣ĶԸߺֵܣҪΧ˽ʬƣߺЦһҲֻ˵Լ޷ȫָ޸֣ԼڵȻ֣ҽˣӵܣĽԼΣȫ֣ңοǸߺʱһƽ˹׵Ľߺɱ
ߺתͷ֣˵ȥŪԵģûҶֱ𣿡֣æ˳ȥ֣ǳȥˣ˴֣ǰҪԭ֪ߺΣʵָʲôزҪ֪ߺսʵ̫ˣѹ˾ͽ˹ͣƱˣŵߣʮ۷߲ҽǰһΧ˽ʬиߺĻһʧˣ
Ҫ˵ߺҹҪʹ˳Խ޵ΪԽ޵ԽԼ޵ǣ岻ܳܵʹҲֻܽԼֽ׶ξܳܵģͻһ㶼ּѵ飬ǸߺƾԼ˿ɼ츳Ȼվ˲㡣Ҫ֪վԻƵĹһ۷Ҳ߲㣬ѾǼ£ѹͬߣʹǻ澳ߣҲֻ߲֮۷壬ڰ˲Ļһһ߸ͲǶ֣
վһһ죬ڰ˲㼸ǰ߲ܺͣǻĳټϸߺ˳վҪ죬ǸߺڻܱȻ۷һߣڱǿҲܲ˵ġǸߺʹóԽԼԭҲǸߺ˵Եʡ
ڽȫΪߺǺԵģΪޱȣ˿Ľ
ȫߺЦԽ޵Ȼһɱﵣ֮ͻ׸ԺҪˡ
֣ղһʳиߺһٺóԣսаʱŽٿ֣ѲӰߺһߴűãһߺ޺޵ͺӣû¸ʲôѩӳ÷ҪʹҲôңҵΪһŰ㣡ȫȻˣԼҪս
Զ˾ͽ˾ͽԼλʦܺŲҶˮȻ֮һɵýǼƾɵĻɫɮۣĹ˹Լ˶ֵڵҲ䰡ΪʲôԵ޹ʵĴأѲ֣߶ң
׻˵ӿڳĻ˵꣬˾ͽ֣ǹһʦСѣǿݵķͺͽ׳ޱĽ㽻µĹɣԸǼ·Ŷ
Աߵ˾ͽ豭Լڱߣ֣󣬲תͷǴëͷ͹ʦɽ˶塣սڵĲˮۡһС˶ϡ
ȫȻˣ𼱻ǵĶ˾ͽ˵˾ͽ֣һ֣ս˵Ҳڣ˵գǷ˶Ŭȥ
˾ͽεĿ̾һ֣ձȸߺ˰Ȼһ仰ŵλʦɫ˵ˣλһҲˡ˾ͽתͷϿȥһˣֻ棬λʦԶԶĴҲڣ
ս֣ͻȻ˵ĹʮȣһĥӲݣڸۻ಻Ϊľѧϰһ¹ʹɮ֮ͬһ㣬ֻҪ֣յֻ֤ʶӣûأ
һ֣տŴ˽˾ͽЦӯӯĵԭǱܰôп⣿ģ֣ܻˣָӣ˾ͽ磡ǲ⣿
˾ͽһͻϱ鲻䣺ǰոˣ֣ǼƢתߣû뵽֣ȴǴǵߵԼԱߣһƨ˸ղλãĳĶ˾ͽ簡˵㣬զôأԭСûʲô£һ֣ǵĹϵô㿴Ϊ£ˣڻûء
˾ͽͷϵĺԽԽ࣬ǰôûأԼܲǱ̬һǸ졣Ϳ˾ͽܲ˵ʱ򣬾ǳˣһ֣ӵ˵˾ͽүҼҶү⣿֣һԼģæүڣ
ǵ𣺡үȥһˣ֮˾ͽϲʤһ˱˾ͽأǶ֮µʹ಻ԭǣ֣ղȵˣ
֣ǸߺУæվ˾ͽ磬Ҹˣ´пģ˾ͽˣģǱˣֲһֱڶԼܣ̫ˣ
ߺΪʲôҪ֣أԭΪͻȻ뵽һȽΣյķǾǴγǹԼһ㣬ϣ漣֣ûеĻǾԼߺֻܲһˣΪ޷ָĻӴԺͻΪˡ
֣ղһУȲʸߺ磿ɶ£ߺĶ֣˵ڣҪһ£Ը֣տߺ֪࣬·ͬСɣƤЦҲˣ֣صĶԸߺʲô¾ܷԸ
ߺվָԼĵɵĹ⹥һ£֣һ磡ǸʲôҪԷ书ǵֱ˵ʲô˼
ҽƺȣɣ಻٣Ҿɥ˸ãߺ֣գĵһۣ۾һתһŹҪײҵĵ㣡
ڸߺ롰֮͡£֣հŰɵƣߺĵȥߺֻһ˺ѷεʹԼĵﴫԼĴԣߺҲףײ֧ϡ
Ǹߺδ⣬ΪĴʹҲȲϵ֮ڵģ֣յڸߺĵڲϵͻÿһιߺĵߺԼĵһ㣬۵麹ֱȻҧţԼһ
ǹϵƻߺĵǸߺڵǸȴ޶ԣߺܸоԼĵﲢޱ仯ѵǹصʧˣô˵Լˣ
֣վԱʧ룬ֱԼͷô죬ô졭ް취ֻ֣һʶšղŷһ󣬾ͿߺԼԶӶײˣȻߺڵϣȫɪɪҧĿֱ졣
֣յҵڸߺĵײţڸߺĵҪܲ˵ʱһСĻǿűϣƷŭ㣬תһڱɢֻһɺͽ֣յɢ⣬˸ߺĺ˳Ÿߺľһֱȥϵڸߺת
֣ڽͻȻߺ岻ٶˣеϵĳߺӿȥߺھԼˬޱȣӵݻĺϵ޸ԼľЩľЩͬСèһ㣬ԹԵͨˡ
Щľмţ类뾭УżԽתԽ죬˵ߺǰеͬеĺˮˮôڸߺڵļĺˮһ㡣
ߺսڼĹȣϵߺ壬뵽Ǽ۵ĶȥԽԽ࣬ڸߺ硣
֣Ա߶ˣʹٸߣҲ޷ڵľȻһյĿ˷硣𣿻ʲô񹦡Ȼܹ磬̫ˣ
ߺˬУûʧǲֵ֪֧ʲôʱ򣬻᲻ʧһ죡
ڸߺʧõõʱһҵʹӻʵԭڵԽתԽ죬Ѿ˼ޣΪ׳ķչˣŵƣǰͺ̵ֽľ޸ٳѣ޸
ߺھʹֲţÿһγѾߺޱʹĸоʹȫ鴤ÿһ޸ȴߺĿУͬʱߺԼ𽥱ǿġȻߺһβ˻ὫԼĹͻƵھŲ㡣
뵽ߺþǣǰǼɺ˳ųվĹ켣УһʼǼɺͲߺڸߺĲиŬ£ǼվǽƫƣϵĳߺҪķ
ߺľþʱǼɺ˳Ÿߺ˼ʼųվתʽתԽԽ죬ߺҲۼŬſеǿʹಢĸо
Աߵ֣ձߺһֻߺһһģƵģ֣ȫһ£ﰵңղԼѧϰһ¡񹦡Ҫѧ֮󣬸ߺһ裬˰ɣ֣ḧԼؿ£ֻоԼͨͨġ
ڸߺȫͻƳվϣпմ֣գߺĳվ֮ǰʵѾﵽ˲۷ˡǰ˲㼫ޣ˵Ѿһ̤˾ŲˣͲһˡ
һʱȥˣߺͻȻһ糤Ӿ̰͵ڸߺתվ˲㡪ɡˣߺΪȻҲˡڸߺŲ۷Ϊ
ʵҲվŲεȵӴøߺΪĻǸߺǿű
ʵվŲ㣬ҪΪҲǻһ۷壬ȻȵὫűģڸߺڵǿűɢЩڸߺͻƳɹ֮һ˸ߺ֮Уʹߺǿһڽ˸ߺľ֮УʹøߺڵľǱȳ˵ļͣԲɳվŲ
ߺ˫еĺһ󷢰ףͬѩһ㣡ߺԵھȻ۷壬ֻһǻˣʱ򲻱ԼƵܸˣҿʩչվŲӿ


20 ѡ
ߺڵϣ³һϢһĺԶߺվһеҵԼڻĽ׶ΣٸսҲüҲԻ
֣µĿŸߺղŸߺ³ǿںǰһ߾ǱĿıӶͨ졣סӣʹֱԼо֪ˣͣ磬̫̬ˣ֣һ˵ţһ¶ġһҪѧ׹ȻᱻߺԽԽԶ
֣Ҳûиѧ֣Ϊţеȫɱĵǹ֮ģ٣οŵĹأͼѣͦߵȼġ
ʵ֣츳ѧϰҴ׵ͼǹ߲ǹǻǿˣ֣ƵǣԼӴСԹִŵƫƫƫ֣Ҳ¥ǹѧ١֣ղԸԶΪԼѰҹҳߣԼȥѰҹ
Ϊҳߵʱʮ꣬꣬մȾ˲ٶϰ˵֣ˣˣåȵ飡ѧѧ㵽
ʱ˵вдд𣿡ߺԱߵĵֽɫĶ֣յ
֣ܲߺ˼ЦĵǰЩ˼ӵܻ˵ҪΪΪǼҴүأ
Ŷ˼ңߺһҲ˼ҼԵˣƮڻܹ룬˹Ʊڴ˵˹ͣ˼ӣһˣ治һԵ
ߺܾãһˣر񣬵ļǲˡ
벻ҲͲˡߺЩͷ˦Ժ֣һ½ȥһ·Ͽߺ˲еĴкǸƵķܡкȻ֣ҵˣܵ½һɵġ
һˣһֵ񿴸ߺ֣յĽͣߺ֪Щ˾ͽҵģڸߺ˾ͽʹ˾ͽҵ˶Ըߺ־¡
ӪܹҲ󣬲͵½һɵˡֵ֣üˣֻżһ۴һСĺ߾ɽҿߺһͷϣǽ󣬲Ǵ٣
֣ͷǸ˭˭˭˭˭˭Ͻҳҿմүүˣ½Ǳмߣ겻Ŀ֣մˣ
ߺǰҪ죺һԼȻһֱ֣գȻʮֵĸж֣ȻһֱĴȻԼޱȵάκֻҪһԼͻԷȥǶԷ˭ԼʱȻʮάԼȻ֣յĽȻˮҪ˵Լĸĸˣε˻֣աԼֵ۸ɲأʵոϤһԼʵ
֣ոո꣬˿ʹ˳ûܻı飬崺磺ԭְ֣пⰡ
ߺɫȻ֣ˡֵ˵Ҹĳдһ¡ʵϵûǿԿʼˣ
̷ŭôܣ϶˴ҥԣҵ˺أҪҥ԰
ߺЦӯӯĵǲˣˣЩɣֽʣߺ𸡹Ӱ弱ȥ
ۿˣսûа취ˣԼ㻨ԷӦĲһѲԼܽ˵˲ɣֻ֮еȴ򿪡Ӱ趯һߺȥߺֽ㣬Լȫ顣
ߺǰֱֱֽĲɨȥֻ÷Զ̹ȺߺѨȥǸߺѨߺֽȥƲģƣʹɽƵеضɽҡ
ߺԼеȹתסߺƵȥ·κΣ֮ߺտɱȡ˲ͱߺжɽҡˡߺȥƲģһƽȻȲŸߺߺĳҲںĲϡֵʹкгǲǱȱҪĽкͷųһ㺹ˮˮ˳źյεߺĵֽϣһ㻯һſı
žžžһ󼱴ٵ½˳ɫֹȻʵ֮ڽλ¾ˣߺԶԷӵû˿Ĺ˼ɣЦһΪ㲻ҳأôһߺԷνԼ֮£ȴˡߺŶԷʵ϶ȹ˸ߣºһˮƽġ
½ЦֶˣٲӦսԵҪˣһսұӮȻ˭Ծҿ裡仰˵ǻӣӮңǴҵ
ߺȻܶԷҲҵģ½ʵΪ𡣵ֽӺĲϷбں󷽣ָأͽ̣
½Լĳӱó
ॡ
ʣˮ䡣ߺ۾һУý֣ڸߺɷµĵ˵ͷȷü½ЦȻǺý˽һ֮ƷжĴڡԽһ塪ү½Ӣսһ彫˽ҷ
֣૵һ˼Ǻüޱȣڼˣ˼ǰӣô˵Ҳ˼ˡ½ʮ֣յĿ佱ûټֵĻѾζˣ֣һ֣л佱
½ף֪֣ƢĸߺóѾ̲סЦˣû뵽½˵һ䣺л佱θߺǳ̲סˣһЦ˳תۼĳɷЦ
½ΪߺԼĽŭһ󵨣Խֱָߺ弱ߺƶٶ֮զࡣߺԷ֣Ѹٽս״̬һ𸡹Ӱһ㳯ȥٶҲ½һ˿ѡ
ߺʮȷԷһһṦҲҿӰ̺Ӱ֮壬ȻĻºѱȵ϶Է
ߺȻֹסȥƣż͵ǰһ㣬ԱʱΪѸݵٶ½ȥ趯֮齣Ϻˣֽ׹һ㵽½Ľϣ׼ȷޱȡ
Ǻ
ǿײһ˷׷ױˣ½岽Ľӡߺ֡ߺ˫һͻԷĹԼ֮£״̬½սƽɫҿûðչ
½תԽٴȫߺȥϽ²ĽƮڿеҶ˲и롣ߺǽΪʱķַ½֡
ֽ̺ŸߺһȦȦתͬһСư㡣ͬǣɫģҲС˺ܶ࣬дĺð
ԽݺݵĴڶϣ̶˽˴Լʮӣ½ȻûйԲܣоԼԷðĺϵĳԼϮԼֶЩʹˣѳֲסеĽˣԽʼŵֽļתת
ͻȻ䣬ֽٵת˦Աߣ½Ҳ˳Աߵȥߺֹֽͣתʹóضɽҡ½ȥ
½ڵбģ޷ʹýֻþʮߺӭȥ
䣡䣬ߺһ½෴˳ȥɳԶصˤڵϡ̧ͷĿѣҧңߺֽƮƮһƬ⣬ƵΪβ㣿½ʵΪ㼼ˣˣѲɾΪǻӵܣ˾ͱܣ
½ҧгݵĵúúãһʵΪϣ㲻Ҫڣ½ת߽Լ洫ˤҶں½ʧ֮ͻˡ
ôҵսѴӪأڸߺʵѾʶˣԲྪȡдҳԾǣߺšֻʹԲƵߺȻѧˣ
šĸԺг֣ʵ̫ԷѧԲԼвƽģҲЩͼ似ˡһĵҲֹڲϴ½㷺ˡ
ǶԷѰƮ£һ˲Űݽڵǲע⣡󰵰ҡҡͷΪʧߺôһϧ
½ܵʮԩ˵ԩǸߺޱȣһδػʧܣǸߺʹ˫ֺޱȣ粻ֻ±Ҳδ֪ǼʹǱòסˣɲԩ
ߺսʣת֣΢΢һЦΣǲǾá˵һͣסˣΪ֣ĺææŸ߶أ
ʦˣߺͷô˧
סҪܵĳ嶯ЦŶԸߺ˵һߣϵж֪֮ܲǰߺѾˣȻĻ͵øĳˡ
ߺ΢΢һЦǾԼλʦһͬǰΣʱ֣費ͬˣʮֵĵģȥ᲻Σհ˵ǽʬʮ׺˿¡
𣿡ߺ֣Ļϣİɣǽʬʦ˵ֻǵͼ׶ΣԽ֮ҶԸˣȥҲͽ޹
֣軹һŵӣߺˣ֪ԼʾһԼʵԷǲĵģ
սʣߺ˫־ٽ˫ĿǰԶһ׮׮Ǵ·ϵһׯ﷢ֵģľ׮ǧľģӲޱȣȭۡ½ҵһӵֵܷģ뵽ʱûػʳǣԼ֮ã֣˵Ľ޷ԽľʵԵ˺ߺҪ֤Լʵ
ǰߺǵֳֽڸߺȴΪ˫ֳֽ˫ֵǵֽǿһȻȱ˵ɶȣͷʬжǶ죬ԸߺĻӽٶȣԷǲܶġ
֮飡
ǿĽӸߺеĵսϷʯٶǸ׮ȥĽĺ׺ݵײǸľ׮ϡ
ľ׮Ⱦͱǵ˱һ̱ɱľ׮ͱǿĽ̽֡һĴָϸĿ׳Ǹľ׮֮ϡ
֣ĿɿڴߺʵȻԵߺĽߣǻߵڸߺĽҪ֪ĳȵϣһֶٲά衣
սʣߺת壬֣˾ͽĵҵʵɷλַۣһۿЦֵʵǶкֹأ
ǶҲ֪ߺôΪǺãһǽʬ׶֣Լǰȥ׶༪١˾ߺˣԼˣ˷˷裬ԼµЩӵҲ׶༪٣Ȼ˶ˣҲ߿ԶԸġȻߺֹ⣡
ȻҲûʲôߺдʵɸߺǰȥٺòˡҪ֪ʱ˲ڶ࣬ھ˴ǰȥиߺһԣ˵ȥٶ¶ǽʬҲ첻ʵԵ˺һ鷳
ҹɸߺɮһѰҽʬֻΣߺԼҲϾͷʬ̫ǿˡֵǣﾹûһ㺦£һ˿˷ܣڴϵĵ


21 ʬ
콫ҹɽҹˡߺ̬ҲҪȥ׽ʬ˷ܵĶƽͬ鲻ƽĻһˣǾ˾ͽҴС㡪˾ͽ̡
˾ͽ˯һСûǰȥۿߺ½սȻҲ֪ߺԼҪһͬǰȥƷʬ˾ͽ˾ͽ˵º󣬵ʱͼˣʱӦԴһȥģֻߺԼȥⲻԸ
˾ͽԼõ˵˵֮пЦѣĵ˵ǲȥˣЩ߶ΪʵСǰȥˣ
˾ͽ̽Լĸæ취Լܸһȥ˾ͽôĳأʹҲܸ˾ͽȥҪ֪Ǹʬڻ˾ͽĿǿģǿʵ˾ͽڻսľʮּᶨҡҡͷ˾ͽĥӲݶ޶ԡ
˾ͽ̶Լĸʵû취ˣУǸȥΪʲôҾͲȥأѵǸ˾ͽ근ʮˣֵǿ䣬֪ߺ뽩ʬ˭һ˿˼ļƻԺγˣ
ʵһߺҲûţ½սһսõľ飬սʱȻоԼɽƵڰСɽˮһȻûеضɽҡôǿǴƺӲһȥ𽥱ǿ˵ȵضɽҡֻǿ
ߺ˽Լ״̬ѣȻԼʰĽ䣬ǺԼ׼ˡ˵ȻͷһɫɮۣһֳһüߺһɫֳۣɫĵֽϵһɫĺڷһɫĲ߸𣬼Ǹ˧һԵӢ䲻ֻ̫ˣͬ겻ĺһηһҲԲʮӦеۡ
Ӣۣ֪ûлԼûд˵ȲòʵɣΪ˾ͽҹүҲ治̶֪Ƿֹϵڵ˾ͽЩϣߺԼֹܷϵһԷ˾ͽҾͽһˣ˵Լôһ˵иҲί
˾ͽתͷȥûпԼãɵ֣ʱһȥѰҽʬѲɱˣû˾ͽ룬ߺǵңǳˣ
磬һɹģֵܣλʦأأ
ûٶ˵ʲôתɽȥнԶҲɢȥֻʣ֣˾ͽԶԶĹơ
ǰܵóװ⼸߾Լûأ˾ͽЦŶ֣˵֣⣬ɫ˾ͽѿʱ֣ղ֪ð˳ʵҴ֮ǰͰܸˣ
ʲôѵûǵļҴؾ
ҪǲؾҹҴܵøף⻹һӸԼ֣ȻԹ˵˵ţ˿ûվ֣ɫˣ
֣֣յʱ˾ͽȴǷϵ˵û뵽ô࣡ʱȷżʹʹҴ似ī¼ҲǸߺһ֮У
֣費̰ο˾ͽʵҼʹʹؾҲвһơȺսʱǿٰ

ߺ˳Ǹɽһֱȥ߹˸ߺһοʬԶĵطǰҹͬīȾһ㣬ͬһֻľް㳤Ŵ죬˽ȥһİøߺԽԽšʱߺͻȻнŲȲݵصֽ˲䵯齣˳ʹһĺԴϮȥҲȫסԼеüơ
һգ˾ͽ̡ߺһӰߺ嶸Ȼ෽ȥ˲䷢ӳԽԼ޵ʵ֮齣עصĲʵٶȡһĺڸߺĽϼٶǵһ
˾ͽڸߺ˳֮ǰͶߺսĵطȴ˳֮󣬸βڼ˵ԭҹ̫ڣ˻ͦɵģûô棬û˾ͽ̵β棬ҲԽԽڣ˵ľ߶ȼУ˾ͽǲ̫̱¶˵Ķ֮ˣ
ǵ˾ͽ̵ӳѩףǵҰɫ֮Ľŵļһδ꣬һ֮ӲҰ׵ĽֱԼǵ
͡
뽣ײǿĽ˺ѣ֮ڶǿ磬Ƿȶķ绹Ҫ䡣
ʧڿգĵϣոճѿСݱŰķȫζˣҲһ㱡ıֱȻߡ
˾ͽ̻ڼУǸߺȴ΢΢ЩϢղΪ˾˾ͽ̣ûκε׼ʹó˳ԽԼ޵ʹľһ˲䱻ЩӴıŵЩѿˡ
ߺϢߵ˾ͽǰޱȵĺĴ˾ͽ̵ļΪʲôˣ
˾ͽ̸оԼûǸԼϤԼԱԼ˫Ĵ۾Ÿߺ
ߺΪֽƶ˾ͽѩϣһٶŵֱУ鰡дﲻǰͷŹɣ
˾ͽҲ֪ߺϲŭ޳κݣֻҪɱͷǾͿ϶ɱͺñȹͣǴ󽫾֮ӣǸߺȻ˿û˿˼Ľұˡ
˾ͽŵôֱٴ찡ߺüͷڶԴŮӡܲܲӵһμԷͲ׵ĸһƣһ·ҲϵĴ鷳ҲΪԼΪˣΣյʱʹԼˡ
ڸߺɱ֮ģֽҪȥ໡һƲ񷣬ԶڲϵĿ˵ڵء
ৣֽأߺƣڵ˾ͽҲˣҭվھܵĸߺȻԼֱۼȻ֮Уͷ
˾ͽ̳ҭţ˫۴ſ־񣬽ıŸߺֱۣǶԸҲߺֱ۽һ𡣸ߺεһЦΪԼմε뷨ÿЦԷһĴС㣬޺֮ģЩ¿ܶǶԷֻ
ߺôһ룬ҲʹԼº㲻ץסҵ۰ɣ˾ͽֵĿ˿
ߺһεҵֻýأ˾ͽʱע⵽Լ״ҲоԼĽڸߺֱϣſԷֱۣһŤå˵仰Щ΢죬æתһȥȥߺ
ڵĸߺԲעЩˣͬɮһ㣬עԴķ򣬸ղǵֻʬôΣյʱ򣬸ߺʱȥעأ
ڼ˵עУԶһӰҰУֻͬѪ챦ʯƵ۾˵ĺ⡣ߺĿֱֻʬ˾ͽ˵ܣϿӪء
һһûУתͷȥȴ˾ͽ̻վأɵŭʲôأϿߣ
˾ͽ֧֧˵ҡҺ£ߺЩЦãʱôأʱǻûʬֿˣԡ˾ͽ˵Щֱ׳ˣ
վҶߺ̸ʱ䣬ֻʬʵѾߵ˽ǰߺԸ˾ͽһ䣬ֽһӰֱָֽʬͬһֱʬ
˻еĳͬ󣬽ֻʬΧġʬ۾Ȼûãıޱȣ˽޹ʹεؼס˵ζ
ȫеɻȥǲδȵУһĨĽֱָĺûзǷһʬߺһֱֱҲһӡ
ߺͫһ㣬֪ʬķǿû뵽ǿ̶ֳȡҪ֪ߺһȻûʹʲôУǸߺ߳һ̵ûǶԷĵطһ˺ûɡ
˳ô˻ǽʬһһǸӰȥ䣬ǸߺΪϤĽ齣

ߺĽϵԷ˫ײͬһһ㲻ϵĻ˫ϣһ顱ֽһ׹⣬ĺϡ
ʬһˣߺûʹضɽҡǿؿڣؿϱߺһƴһ״Ѫӡֻʬֻֻͼʬûвǣȴܸоʹߺ޵ſ˫ڡ໡ȳĿߺϣʬ
ֻʬ꣬˫ۻӰѸײڶ֮ƣߺȥߺ̫ˣ֪ܲˣֽɫԲܡ
ˣԲֻһͱֻʬƿߺٷȥɳɣͣһ˿Ѫ
ߺԾǰͷʬҪ֪Լڵʵʹǻһȫֵ֮£ȫһСضɽҡ֮¶ˣǶԷȻֻܳһѪӡ
ֻʬѾߺζμסˣֱֱĳߺƾڱ󹥻޶ԡ
ߺ˫𣬿ԷȻûǣҲ֪ǳԼղҪɱԼйߣ
ߺԽԽĽʬ˫ֳָֽֽ졣顱һĺʬȥǽʬҲ֪ܣҲֵ֪㶳ߺޱȵĽųĺֱʬ
ڣ
ʬͷ­֮һǱĽʬϰˡ⽩ʬδŲĵطȥ֮ͷ­ֲޱȣֱͬһ㡣
ӵѩӳ÷ɨ¡һ顱
ĵͬʬȥ䡱˸ߺĽǽʬһ˺˵ĹֻǽʬɶѡΪһߵ𾢶ʮǹ˶ʮ׾ͻᱻֻʬܳʮȥˣûжԽʬ˺
ǸߺһϻһѪûб°ҲˣжѸ˲ֹһ롣
ȥֻʬʱǽʬȴŶһǰĽͬǰ޾ԹһȴǷǳĲеȵĸо
治ϣǽʬΧĵ£һֻֻõ˫ִӵİǿϵһݹǵĽʬڵ˳Ȼһðʮʬ
˵һ³ȵףһԶԸʮĻǸߺıԵøأղһ⡣
һʬһһɶȻǲܵģʬôһӵܻӳİɣҪǼһɶĻҲʮͷϵĽʬ
ȻԶвɫһֻʬԴɽȵķ߶ȥ类ȺʬΧ˸㡣
ֽ߸߾𡰱顱һƥȺʬȥǵźһ¾Ȼͷʬؿڡ
ߺȺʬʵ۷ңҪô֮ɱɫһַһ̴ࡣͷ­׿¡
ߺ˵治٣ߺֽһ䣬齣ÿһнʬࡣ
ٶ֮࣬˶ˣսʵҲսߺһǰһֻʬû¡˾ͽĿŸߺ˧ӰЩˣڸߺһ˵ս


22 Ա
ʮһ岽һƣÿһܽһʬͷն䣬ÿһƶһʬ౻ߺӰϵڽʬм䴩ÿһͣٶһֻʬ̹ȥˣ˽ʬʬ壬ЩʬڲʵߣеùߺĽǿƾ׷޶ա
ŵЩ֫ϱۣ˾ͽ̲Ż΢һصˮ˫ֺʮӷ𣡡µĿͷû֪ʲô˼
ߺɫƽˮת˵λʦ˾ͽСȥ⽩ʬһ׷ȥɣ
У˾ͽ̷ŭ㶼Ѿˣ붪ңߺͷߣĵô˰ֻǽ㱧һֱ۶ѣ㲻ڰɣ
׷ŸߺĵλߺȻֽŵʱ̣˼
ߺɫˣ˸ûԼĻ㣬ɵ㶵վţֽղŵĻظһ顣ڻлصʵεһЦԲ𰡣е˼ˣԼһȥ׷ʬ̫Σ𣿡
Ա˾ͽڴ󳳴֣ߺȴţԹԵĶ˵ʼеšߺ˵ָָԱߴ󳳴ֵ˾ͽ̡˭֪ͷʬ᲻½ٻʬĻ˾ͽСǾû׷
ΪȻĵ˵ͷû˾ͽܻʹ˼Ҫǣ˲֪жͷʵĽʬһͷӦһͷֻķݡ
ߺѾЩҡֽ˵ҶԸһֻ潩ʬ⣬ĻҵṦҲѣʱҲ׼
ڱߺ˵ˣһۣ׷׵˵ͷ˫ֺʮֵһ·Сˣڳµ˾ͽǰ˾ͽС㣬ɣ
ҲȥҪһȥһߣšùߣֲ˶ߺһ㣬Űɱߡ
ͬ˾ͽһʧڸߺУ˾ͽ̵ԶԶĴҵ㲻׼ߺת΢΢һЦ
ߺ⽫֧ģԴӸղŸֻ澳罩ʬս֣ǸʬһԷֱϾȻһɺȻԼĺ˺ܶ࣬ҲɶáɺоȻЩĹܣǵߺ壬ȻԼе΢΢ĴʹͱԼеܽ⡣
ɺ֮ܽ󣬸ߺоԼȻ˿˿Ȼֻǧ֮һҲʹøߺĻܴӶԷѵʲô챦ĻԼͽˡ
һҲΪ˺ãֻʬһԷսʱûʹȫԼȫһ˵ûԼôǿƻ޷⽩ʬʵԵ˺ʬȫκһ£¼˶ƵáǸߺʿպҲȥ׷
ߺԾСӰղֻʬӵķ׷ȥһ·ϣߺ˳Ѫͣת䣬׷ѪҲԽԽ٣ߺѪʧ֮ǰ׷ͷʬν޹Ӱе£ͬһѸ磬Ѫķȥ
ѪԽԽԶʱ򣬸ߺڿǸʬӰӡӰɲΪ˽׶ֻ˲ʱߺ׷ֻʬ
ߺûжվһԱȽԶλã½ʬᵽԼĴڣԼҲֻԷһӰӡʵߺҲֻڶģĽʬзΧġ
컹ǱȽϾ˸ߺģֻʬ˿֪ߺĴڣֻѸٵǰšڽʬȫǽӲģߵٶȱȽַʽȽϿ졣
ߺţԶԶǸ롣˼Ƭ֣߹˼СڵĿĵء
һƬԲһĻصأɢ˹Ǵ󲿷Ѿ绯ӾѾԶˣΪߺողСһ˹ǣǿ鿴Ӳ˹ǣȴڸߺ˲䣬һѷĩһڲȫ˹ǡƬصܳŲգйĳֲʣֻʬһضʧ
½ͷҪ븯ൽ̶ֳȣҲǧ꣬Ƭصشڵʱ䲻ˡߺվƬģСĵطЩطķĹȻƻЩǿ
ֵǣƬصоȻЩʯЩʯͷߵĸߴʮɣͬһС͵ɽ㣬ߺʹȫһʯͷֺƣصɡ˾޴ʯͷϰٶ֣Ǻ龳ǿ߲֮ܽƶ
ߺĵпǽʬΪطƫƧĹһ㲻ҵطģ⽩ʬƬǿҲһֱȥ
ߺߵղֻʬʧĵضޱȵĶߺ˽ƽһ飬ȥ
±ڶˣֱߺó׼Ļӣſ嶴е
һƬռ䣬Լһƽףռ亮ޱȣһ£ƽǵɡѰˣʱ䳤ҲܲˡǸߺȴޱȵ̹ѸٻԾϵĹڵĺ
ԴӺ󣬸ߺܾûô̹ˣǿűܵĳ嶯Ĺڵ
һҹ׷սټϸߺʱҲ̫ˡԵѾĶҲܿˣ
Ĺֻ߹ײģһһСǸ룬СǾ߷ڲߡСǸǸľʹײģ˳ߣߡǸĹײһʯʹײģһߣһߣµʯͷʯͷɫͬʯͷ·ɫųĹâ͸ͭƵģߺһ֪ʯͷʯ׵һ໹һǣһѰɫĳһָ
ʯ׺󣬸ߺһ¾ͽԼ˻ٿʯ׵֣һ㱡ĺߺסһϲʯ׺ޱȣֻʬɢĺһģһֻǹɺҪϼԽʯ׵ķλԽ䣬ʯԱߵ¶ȶʮȣߺЩ΢΢ܲˣ
ߺղһʯףǹɺ壬ڻʹ֪ʯϵĺԼڵĺȼҪߡԼܹպԼʵһߺио
ߺ˾ģղľôĸԭġߺȷǸľʹײıͷ澳ĽʬʯףߺЩľɢĺ̶ȿͷʬǺ龳۷徳磬ߣͷʬԼڴˡ
ͬʱߺЩ֣鼮أǿĽʬһǲĽʬԼͬһĹѨʹͬĽʬУǷǳ׽ĽʬޣӣֵܵȣǴ߹ײĵƲĿ߷Ƕô׽Ѳûнʬߺôһͷ
ߺ˫Զһߵʯףҡڲ󰵰ҧ뻢ѨɵûӣȰͷ澳Ľʬնɱ
¶ĺ󣬸ߺֽϣľȥڲʯ岽ľʱߺ˫ս顱ĽƿնֱֱľסպĵӻͰ㣬ľײһ˿ıп
รľзһŭɽߵĺУͷʬֻʬŲƵͷŭĽľ˺Ƭ˫۷ߺ޵ĿŸߺղһֱõϣɼǵ˿ڡ
ߺҲ˫أֽٴλ裬̣ƣֽԸֲͬķʽõʬϡ
ʬޱȣ۸ߺôҲ޷ʵԵ˺ʱķһ¡
ߺֽ顱ʹԸȥʬҲ߾ֱۣһ
ֽиڽƵģԷֻϵĳˡʬһֻ۰ſХƿߺϮ
ߺ˫һ̫ˣַŽһת֣顱ʬݵľȥдûùġɽˮԱʱ֮衣
ʬķӳû߿죬ǲķǿǿһ㡣Ըߺĵֽ׼ȷ˽ʬĲֽƿ˽ʬķֱֱһ룬Ҳǰˡ
˴˺ʹͷʬ˷Ƶã˫ߺϻȥߺδ֮ʱʬദȥ
ۡ
ʬֻһƻһҲ˺ߺһӸߺϷһǿһֻʬֱֱʯ׳ȥ

ֻʬײʯϣʯױǿĳײڵأֻʬĿڳһ͸Ķ״ơ
ʬˣǸߺ˲˷ܣΪʬͬʱҲǾʯײˣֵʩչ𡰸ӰһӰӰ㣬ᶴ
ԶԶܣƬĹԼһӣصȴ˿ֻдĺǶƮʹƬصرһЩڷصȫصϸһ뱡ıô¶ȣڵҲûá
ûе˻ߺһһĳǸȥ뵽ߺͻȻоԭô䣬ʮȣʯԱһ¶ȡ
¶ȶԸߺʲôԽ¶Խͣһ֮󡣸ߺߵǸԱߣǸԱ¶Ѿʹʮˣ¶ȶƽ˵ȫԽ֮
ߺڶڴͣ½Ų¶ȹˣߺһʵٽȥⶴ¶Ѿ㹻ԼͻƵ澳ˣ¶ȵĻԼᶳˡ
գߺڶڱߣһľϣһܵͲ似˳Ÿߺë׽뵽ڣųվĹУߺڵϵ׳󡣻һֱֺ˳žߺڵıնȥ
Ǳ鲻סĵֱתЩϵıȥǱҲϵ׳󣬿ʼҲ̶ֻСƶһ㣬һ롣
ڸߺҲãԼڵЩѾͻˡǣߺʱͻƣһǣûаܰٷְͻƳɹǣոͻƣڽһͻƣ¸ȡȻǰڻʲô׸¥Ҫ㽨𣬸ҲҪģȻ׵
Ʈھӣкܶ츳ӵܣʮʹʵµͻƵ涥壬֮꣬ôŬҲͻƲ龳ˡ
ߺӹ̼ΪȻڽͻơڼߺȫûеġ֣ңԼҲֻǺϵԼûӦʵô»ᱻ˵ʵһеĸ
ߺʼΪǲһ۾˼ôװ˷ǧѷĻҲ̫ϧˣЩʲôأ
Ȼߺ۾һڲп֮õ֣һǻ𣬶Ǳ
ڱȽѿƣһСľͻᱻ⣬߶ѳɹʼΪ㡣ԻɹӾͱȽ϶ˣɹʴԼǰٷ֮ʮ
û֪ǱǿһЩǻǿһЩǰλߣԱ壬ͬΪһԻʤ
˵ʱ򣬱ѳĩڷԽЩû߸Ա塣
ߺ㣬ԼбʣԱ塣
뵽ߺǣʼյԼϵԺԼ壬ʼʱߺ̲סһϰˣκԼŰԼȫΪ


23 澳
ߺѾ뿪ҵӪˣ֣һɶʮֵĵģ˾ͽֱ̣ǲ費˼ˡ֣գ֮ǰģǵ쿪ʼЩˡ֣ѰѾһһҹˡ
˾ͽԭҲȥǱԼĸסˣԼڣ׼
ãѾûԹˣԵɣ˾ͽ˾ͽ̵磬ߺûУ˾ͽ̵Щ˾ͽεҡҡͷûУͲҪˣȳԵ㶫ɣѾûԹˣ˾ͽЩŭ
˸磡Щȳȥɡ˾ͽ˵꣬Ҳ˵ˣ˾ͽ˵ʲô˾ͽ̶տڲԡ
֣һǳƲҵһɿνǻϲˣ˿̣½Ӫأ
ĺãֱԲΪԼǻˣվҲֻһѣһޱŵ˵ţδߺ˹Ƶá
½Ҳ쳣˷ܣΪҳһǱڵвܲˣţˣŪƣǽҪһ
ʱɫĵΨһϧľ޷ۿʱӣ˺ˣˣֻҪҷ²˾ͽ̵ķģǾͿԽƻǰˣ½˽ľһ
ʱɫһ䣬ЩϾ˾ͽ̿νǻʳ֮ˣ֮Ūлʳǵϣģ˵ȻҲ뷨Կ½ɱһ
ĵһִ֧ӵǻ˾ͽû̫뷨
½ȴ˿֪Լ仰Ȼʧȥ̳˵֧֣Ȼ˾ͽϵš֪Ļ϶Ὣ仰˵ڣʧȥ֧־ʹԶλԵˣǻпҵʵ
λڽ˾ͽͻ֮󣬱صߺֿĵطǸطѰȥôҵǸΪεĵطأԵڻûأ
һȥˣȻģεҡҡͷ֣Ҳˣ˵ѯʣȫûᣬջå˿ȴѵˡɫĶԼҵˣҷȰλʩǻȥѰֵİɣԸֵܵʵֻʬȫǶ֡ڻδǿʵǿĽʬǿ²Ƕ֣ҵԾ׷׷ԸԼ˻ؼ塣
֣Ұ֣գ˾ͽס˾ͽ̣׷״ظ
Ϊ̸ĵĸߺȴڷĹǽڵĸߺͻƵҪʱ̡
ǰߺȻպٶ֮ࡣһֱڣȻٶպ
ȻоԼЩ֮У΢΢Щͣߺ֪ԼҪͻˡҪ֪ǿҲеȼģ͵һ壬嵽һף߲ͨĹͬʱԼҲԵͨŲ
½кܶߣ˵ߵ߿أȭγһ쫷磬ϵ˺飬ȻòͬĶ壬ЧͬЩڵЧҲ˻ӭΪַûʲôΣգɹߡ
ҩ壬ַֻдţĺĵӲŻáΪ巽ʮֺķǮƵģһ˸ò
Ԫģ緽ΣյģԻûѡ񡣲ַҲǿһͿӲ߲㶥ĹҲĹ
ڸߺҪͻƵһ壬յĺȼȽϸߣֻͻˣǰٶһΪˣֻĻҪʮʱ䣬⻹ǱȽ˳
ߺϵԺԼ壬ͬʱҲоԼƱһ麮һӲ۾ͻ֣ᷢԼһڣһŨŨĺܶϵžۼߺ廹ֲ֧Ŭߡ
ߺѾȫ˹Ϊоѧȫľȫͻϡë׺ͽ뵽ԼĺʹЩϵĶԼд
ѾʼףǳֺܲǺ󡣽ģߺԼеĺѾﵽһٽ㣬ͻƾҲ޷ոĺˡ
ߺеĺתϵڸߺëУźγɵˮߺ˾ͬһɫΧһ㡣
ߺҲо屻ĵʰΧţڵֻоʹޱȣǸߺȻҧš
Ȼߺ˫԰ɣеĵѪ˿ֳߺĺڲϵĵͺ𡣸оԼԽԽʹĸߺݶҧˡ
ԼһӣߺȻоԼһ̹ĺҲʼߺϴȥߺͬɿݵĴưô㣬šһɣ
ߺԼ׵Ƥ̿ЦôоŮ˵ƤƵġߺ׵ƤĲ߹Բһ˿ġ
ǿߺú֡˫һţʹͬʯһ棬ǳǳĽӡߺԱߵһϳײȥ
ۣ
ǿֱһɵĴߺһײϣֻǿ󡣸ߺԶԶĳԶŽ¡
ߺӯӯ䵽˵ϣ˵ϵľмһԼ壬û˿оߺ΢΢ĵ˵ͷΪһ壬ղžôǿҵײȻһ˿˺ûС
۾Լ忴ȥǾȻûƤΪϱһĺɫʰţиߺʮܡ
ڷصصĺԶһھھصؽԶһƬ¶ȲŽ죬ԲûнֻǱޱȡ
ߺøղײϵľýһľͰ״ΪˮԼϴˢ˼顣ȻɽһЩҰޣոսһ壬ߺʳҲȽϴ˽ʮʳŸоЩ
ߺ鲻ѵõ˯һ죬ߺûзнʬټҲˣһҲ˯ıȽϰġ
ڶ죬ˣߺŴ˯һ̾˯ǻظõķȻԻظǱϾȲ˯Ȼָô̹
øߺѡ϶ǻѡȹһ
ߺ˶񣬿Զʣ΢΢̾ǸͻƵʱˣߺܸо⼸Ḷ́Լͻƻ澳ˡ
ƬصȥߵԱߣתڵϣ岻ϵſеĺߺϵĽеĺתΪԼ
ߺǳվҪӴͻƣߺһϵĺеŴﵽ͡
ҪĲˣǿ߱ǿҪԭĲ߲ͬܶǿʼȴ֪߳١
ȻͨͬԸߺſܻ澳硣Ҫתͱ뽫ڵڵת
ھתֻһáǱڵлΪȻڽ뵽С
ߺеѾˣڵȥߺеѾĲˡߺĵﲻϵĽЩѹߺҲϵߺĵﲻϵıŴȻЩѾѹߺĵ޸̡
ߺĵﱻһȦڻ澳Ժ󣬵ǸΪʧߺԵһľһȸߺڵתôߺͳɹͻΪߡ

ҵ·ϡ
ſң磡ſңҪȥҺ磡֣յŭڷԲһ֮ڶ֣ʱ˹ε̾һܵܣİɡߺѾˣһ˵Ŷ֣Ѿûжôˣ
仰֣ͻȻһ㣬춯أģ粻ģ仰֣ĶԱߵ˵öү˵˾ͽķȥ
ܣ̶ôˣ֣˾ͽԱ޾ɵʵ˾ͽڳǰʻֵתͷʹԼı磬΢΢һ
磬ղ˵ʲô˾ͽڸղڳ£δ֣轲ʲô֣û취нһ顣
ôǳԵ㶫ˣûоǱأ
̫ˣûҵܵǴе𣿸Ƶģ
˾ͽתһ̾һоԼ춼һӵ̾ˡ·ϲ㣬ھһׯʱһԼ棬ԼͼΪܱ
½ʮƣ˾ͽ̴綼ûлᡣԱ߼Ķˡ
˾ͽ֣˵λȥ϶Ҫ붯Ѳ飬ʾһ游֣Ҹֹһ¸ߺֿЦһ£̶ϲϸߺˣǴ˻ߣҲ˿ǸŰ
֣Ҳ΢΢һЦ½սȻʹֻ۵ѧֽ֪𣿡
굹ڽϾøʢ˵ĺҲޱȣڴ֮ˣֽ˵ɽׯ»𣿡
ְ֪ڸߺˣߺڻµʱʹ
ô˵ߺȴǸѧˣ

ߺھʣһ˿ˣȫתΪˣŬԼߺĽһ˿ת
䣡
ߺһ˳ųվķʽУЩɾ̬תĺҲͬҪһߺӿȥϵ˳ž뵽ߺĵڵлΪ
澳硪ɡ
ߺɹͻƵ˻澳磬Ҳ֮һ¥ɹͻƵ˵ʮ㣬澳һͻѰҵǧѰ˲ʩչֻҪԷ¶һ˳㿪Уһʮʵõ
澳һֻе˻澳ſԳΪߣֻǳѧߡߺվһеɵø̾治֪ԭ澳ôࡣǰԼûĻ֣Ͽȫʬˡ
ѻ߱һʮ꣬߾һСһ㣬ܹԽսģҲĺӡ
ߺָһָǰһߵĺָԶʮԶĴϡǿô̳һָ
ߺĵ˵ͷһָǸߺʵһոսΪһŶʮףʮ׿ͻɢСһ۷ĿʮסȻʹ似Ǿ˵ˡ
ߺոսΪߣһͿʮףɼʵ֮ǿᡣ澳ҲǿһǻڣĲ㵽ǻڣ߲㵽Ųǻ۷ˡ
˲ʮڵĸߺԵֿġδͻ֮ǰߺʹó飬һͷųȻǼޡ
ڸߺһ˲ʮԼǻʵ
ߺ˫΢΢𣺡֣Ʒ壡쿴ʵӦǻ۷壬֪᲻ͻơͻƵĻԼǶԷĶ֣
סҪȥ֣ƷͷҪ£ܲͻơ꣬ߺתɽҳԵȥˣ


24 طʳ
ߺɹͻƵ˻澳磬ڷصعһϵΪߺȥǸ̽һ£ԼѾԵȥˣǲܹ̫ʱ䡣ΪѾﵽ˵ʮȡ½ʮѾ˲佫һŲ߱
ߺȻʵ¶ʵ̫ˣ߼ʹתȫҲܳһӣȻͻᱻӭӵֻˡ
Լһ£κĻֻʱٲͻᱻˡȻ溮ޱȣǶԸߺ˵ȴǲɶ֮ءֻʱѾǰΪ̵ĲˡߺóһۣԽǿԼʵЧԽáȻҲ̫䣬͸һ
ϻػʳһˣȻܾͱסˣߺ˼һԼʵԸǸʬֱǲѴ֮ԼزȥԷ϶ΪиǿĽʬܻܿɳӻǿ߹Ѳ飬ҪɽҰϸѰңƬĹͻᱻ֡Լ⼸Ϊ̫ˣҪһЩսһ¡
⣬ߺȥȥӪһˣ֣˵ûߣûٺòˣԼҲôļˡԷˣԼҪӿٶˣ׷϶Է
ʱʱ·ߺһʱصӪءͣԭصĸߺΪԼٶľ߶ͬߺ𸡹Ӱٶȣԭȿ
ߺǿյӪأЦһ£ӻûͷѾˣԼҪǿ׷ϡ
ڸߺ·һԾʮɣͨǧ˿ѷɫӰ͸ΪˣÿסǸӰ̫ķˣָҲȽѣҪһпָܻ
ΪԽߣڵָõʱҲԽǰʱ򣬸ߺָʱʱ䡣
Ȩһߺ·ָǻָȽϼ򵥣ֻҪúóһ٣ȻϢһ±ˡ
ߺӰϵı˴ٶȱǧҪ죬ʧңԶʡ

賿ҵӪأ
վ͵ʳˣǵùҺû£ͶԺ˵ͷĵùλкôû뵽ôûУˣɶ񣡡˵ߺ޵һȭһߵϣǸ˿˿ơ
ʱο˺ˣͱˣ㵹ùб㻹ùأ㿴֣ҡ˴βһţǸå֣Ҳ
ͬĵ˵ͷǸߺɶкͻġ㿴˾ͽ̲Բȣֻ֪߶Ƿ֣
Ҳɫĵ˵ͷ뵽ʲôǲȥҵӣ
ʲôӣ֣ȥȰ֣Ƿ֣ղȰⱻ֣ľ׮ˡ
Ŷд˵Ⱥ֮£ֵܶ˿Ҫȥúˣ
˵꣬Ц֣߳ҵľס֮ȥ
֣֣յǰ֣˫۴˵ڣڵȫľ׮ϣȴ˿⣬ֻǿſһ˵ƿ˸ߺſԼԼЦһһĻĻԼԺһμ棬һ̸һδԼһξԼ
֣ʱ򣬹Ѿߵǰˣ˿֣ʧǵӣ׷׳Цϵİ׳࣬ѾȴϷͦģ֣ûˣ
û˵֣꣬վͷĴҲ裬û˭Ҫٸ˵ˣŪ㡭
ŭڶɫ࣬͸һ˲ʮȭȫ֣յĶϣǿ֣ſڣ³˼Ѫ
Ӫص˶֣յŭ֣ͬһһ֣˵ǰ֣³ǿѪðɣ۴ĿŹͣ룬Ҫҽһ£ЦһʲôûʲôΪ
ʱ򼸴ҵ˶ˣһ۾ôˣ½ʱ߳ˣ϶֣̫󣬰Լˣ˶ɢ˰ɣڴнԽ˳֣˾ͽˡ⡱ЦЦ˵԰ɣ
֣˿½еĽεҡҡͷԼֻߣͲǶԷĶ֣ҶԷ½лƷԼͲǶ֡
½ЦһǾ͸ˣ˵˻ȥתʱһմ纮·ضסˣ˭ˣ
½ŭɫ¶ʱ̣Ȼ˸֣ⷽҲһȻΪǳͷܽǲأ
ֻ֣յ飬˷ܵķЦҾ֪Ҿ֪ͬСǿһˣȻЦЦŵᣬ
һɫӰתŴȵ䵽֣յǸľ׮ϡݵ壬һɫۣͷǺɫģԵޱȵϣϿһ˧۵գȴǺüŭĿĿܡǸߺ
ߺɢ޾ĺ۾֣һϣһʹ֪ԭԼ֣յôҪ
֣ձ͵˳Цʱ򣬸ߺȻ˸ҵӪغ󣬸ߺ˷ܵױȡǾ뺰ʱ֣յĺ˹֪⵽ô£ԱԾԱߵĲô˹ʹ֣յһĻֻ֪۸ˣֱԾǣ˸ղŵһĻ
ԼֵܾȻľ׮ϣߺŭŭһȭ߬Ĵľ׮ϡǸľ׮϶±˺öݣߺҲԾ˵ϣס֣ա
֣վһϵȫǹǿȭͷʹ֣ˣܼһѾˡҪ֪Ϳǻߣ֣ղߣôܲˣǿûа취ֵ£Ӳ˹͵ȭͷ
ס֣յĸߺ俴֣ϵѪǵѪ˿æ˳֣յȥһڵƣɫԽԽڣܵ¶ҲԽԽ͡
΢֣յһ£ߺתɫ׻һ㣺˭ɵģ
ʱ½ɫ񣬿ӻ¹򣡻еģСĵʱ
ߺ⵭һЦЦȴЩޱȣ˵λӵ£ڻ㲻״ɣ
ʳָһָһ˳Ÿߺʳָ½ȥŸߺڳ֮˷׷׺һߡⲨǻߣż찡ߺȻͻƣһǴͻƵ澳ʵͻơ
½еĽ˲ʹе˳һǵֻǸߺһԺ׾ͱ֧顣
½Լеľŭѹ£ôʮּɵߺߺδͻƵʱܽܣڸߺѾΪˣԼǶ֣ܻǵѡ˲
ôߺЦһɫ˲󺮱˵һΣ֣յ˸վ
Ȼ޶ߺ˫һУҪԼˣߺ˵ƣϵֱǰͻȥɽˮ
һʼͷŸߺ͵ϮߺĹ˲УߺһƵֵȥ
ۣ
ͱһƻɣۡһȵѪһԶԹ޵Ŀһ۸ߺԹȥ
һĻΧ۵̧಻£Ȼ֪ߺһû뵽ֻһƾͽʹˡ
½ɫź죬ͬĴϺһ죺ˣߺת˵˵ˣȻߺղûп˭˵֣գվԣ֣ˣ˿϶Ѳϵ
ŭ㲻Ҫ̫Ҫ֪ʮӶʮңǿ϶Ҫ㲻úߺɱһ֣ôնݳˣ
ܵߺɱ½ɫһ䣬ҲߺƢˣһ¶ҪɵǾԲıġ
ž½ת˺һƣ죡⣿һƴˣ㶵Ŀ½֪ΪʲôҪ
ߺ˵ͷһӰһ㣬һ˦ںһϣһʺİӡںһϡ
¾Ϳˣ߰ɣߺҲûȥǣת֣սΪ֣ȥˡ
½ɫޱѿתԼȥ˫˵Ĺâһ۸ߺĿһ½ȫ߻Լ񣬹˼֮˽̧Լֻʣ֣˾ͽҵ顣
û뵽ߺǿƻع飬һ˲ת䣬ղŻֺĻһת۳ɥ֮ȮҿһҧĺϷ
˾ͽһȻ󺿽еߺˣߺˣ̫ˣҪȥϢã˵ͼٵԼõǸ
֣յڣߺ֣յ֣ԴԴϵĴԼڴ֣յ壬֣ѿľ뵤޸
˺һߺŽչ΢յ˫ۣ֣Ѿ֧Ųסˡ
ֵܣҵܵôˣʱվԱߵ֣̲סʵߺĿһۣãٹӦþͲˣ
֣ԸߺƢѾ˽ˣԶ̬ȲûʲôεĶԸߺ˵һæϣֵܿ԰ң
֣轫˾ͽ̵Ըߺ˵ߺüͷ΢壺ʲô֣΢Цֻȥοһ£ٽԵ㶫ɣ
ߺϸ˼һ£ĵȻûκιϵϾԷΪҵ²ģԼȥҲ޲ɣ˵ͷ˾ͽ̵סת˾ͽ̵ȥ
ãˣҰɣߺĻˣ˾ͽ˫ֶ࣬Ѿˣô˵Լþǲš
ˣ磬ۿǲšģ˾ͽھһ仰˵ˡ
öŵʱ⴫˸ߺʣҿԽ𣿡仰˾ͽֱ̼ԼĶ䣬˾ͽϽԼð£״Σɣ
ߺߣʲôվǽȥˡߺһɲǣ˾ͽ̲סˮһǼģһίġ
ڶûŮԸߺ䵱˱ķĽɫ
˾ͽ̵ߺޱһ׵Ҩ࣬͵˾ͽ̵ĿУԭ˾ͽģԴӸߺԺ˾ͽͲ֪ܵʲôطȥˣҸߺôˣǲһˣް취֮£ߺֻι˾ͽ̡
ڶ죬̣һ·е˶ĬĬԣ˾ͽ̡ͬһСһ㣬ڸߺ˾ͽתתȥȻڵϵģ֣ˡ
ʱ֣жֻصʳǣȥʱ鲻ͬȥʱȫģȴ޹ȷе˵ֻиߺһ˵õ˺ô
½˵ʳǺ󣬶һĿⶢŸߺӴ˸ߺΪһħħĻɾޡ
Ȼߺ⣬ԶûᳬԽ


25 
֣Ҵ֣ߺ֣˷֣գڻδָƣԱ㱻̧Լסȥˡʱ֣忴֣յֱӾŭˣһƽǰʯͷĳɷĩŭ죺˭ɵģֱ֣ðǱʵ䣬ǰʯʵذͬɸһ㡣
֣轫鷢ľԼĸף֣˵ѾߺѵˣȻȻŭѾܿסԼˡߺȥ̸ˡ
֣Ÿߺڻ澳ĲĿɿڴĿĵʲôʱŲ۷壬Ų೤ʱ䰡ͻƵ澳硣
ȻߺѾǻˣǱϾ֣ǻ˲ĸ֣Ժܿͻָʼ⣺ôôͻˣ˴֮ʲôջûУ
֣⣬Ƿ࣬ʲôջ񰡣ѸߺһŶľ֣壬ֱߺ˳ȥѰҽʬм䷢º©ȫ˵ˡ
֣֣˵Ḷ́鲻ϵıãߺһ˾ͽɵöԸߺҲԽԽˡ
˵Щҧˣȴûκ쳣𣿡֣֣ЩࡣȻ֣ΪʲôԼĸ׻ô֣ǿ϶ĵ˵ͷ
֣峤һޱأϵĲͨĽʬ˿ߺ˾ȵı飬˵ӦǴ˵еĽʬ佩
佩ߺһ֣ЩףֵĶ֣ʵ佩Ǻͨʬʲôͬ
û֣ͣߺ˪ʼ˵ν佩ߵΪĳԭ޷Լ壬ʧһϵ״ģʬԹһ鲻Թ˼Ҳֻиһͷ
֣Ŀһ۸ߺϾ֪Щ֪ʶ˲ˣڵ˶ΪΪأͲЩûõ顣Ȼ֪佩ĴҲֻĸ֣е֪ġ
ʲô֣ͬ벻ףʬʲôͬġʱ֣΢΢һЦʬϣԹΪѪΪʳǱʬҧˣҪʱʬͻΪʬ
֣ĿɿڴҲ̫˧ˣϲ߻ûľأʲôߣֻҪŬͻƾһ½Ѱˣֻܻʮꡣߣ۷ܻһ꣬һʱûͻƣǾֻеˡ澳۷һٶʮ꣬һʮ꣬۷ꡣ
֣ŻôĽʬ֣ڴ֣裬˵ʬȻϲԶҲ޷ʵҽʬһֻ֪ɱ¾Ĺÿͻή׽٣Ⱥɷɻҡ
֣ԽԽ䣬ֱֱ̱ϣŻعô˵⽩ʬȽϿˣһϵ˵̸ƾճһ㣬վڴ롣
ס游֣常ӷ׷׾Ϲߺһͻܲ״˭΢΢񣺡Ʈڸߺݼǰ֣桪֣硣
֣ƵһЦɣһֱ˵㣬治ΪӢʮ㵽ﻯ澳磡
ǰЦˣߺ龳ǿ߿佱ԲԽ֣΢΢˵ͷӿ
ղԼĻ⣺ʬȻµȻ佩֣λϣһ£ص˵佩ǲϲ߲ɡÿһֻ佩ǿǿߣȻÿҲή׽٣佩ȴмʵֿȥ⻹ҪģҪǣ佩Լʵȵһĳ̶ȣԲǻۣǺ龳佩ݴ˵佩ԻָԼԭȵļ䣡Ψһȱǣٶޱȣÿʵή׽١
֣豻һϯ˵ˣʶ૵ô˵ǿ佩ˣǸߺȴҡҡͷ񶨵佩Ȼǿ֮һͶȡɣ
֣緢ָߺԽԽԼθˣˣҪϹˡϴһ˵˵ôˣǾ仰ǶԸߺ˵ġ
ߺܽԼ˵ֻ˵Լնɱֻ佩ԺͻȻһꡰݡԾͷˣû뵽֮ȻͻƵļ󣬾Ĳһû뵽ͻˣ
ţݰû뵽СطȻҩݣǸطݾͲˣ֣΢΢Щʧϧˣ
һʮĲݣ˲һѿͻԴԴϵǿΧԴ˲ںд߶䱦ҲΪ˲ݵİԵĹУʮʮϡ٣Բܳˡ
֣΢΢̾Ϣܵô˲ݣΪ֣һλߣʱҵľˡȻߺ֮ȥˣԼͲ˵ʲôˡ
ˣҲǵõ˺ôȥԸ׼磬ףһ£֣ҲЩϧǱϾߺҲԼˣҩûб˵ȥǱҵȥԼǸСĴ

֣׼м磬ǹ˼ȴءۡǿƽ˼Ҵذѹѷ졣
˭˭Ͷ˳ӵģһ׳ڴվţ⣬߰˳ߣǹ˼Ҽ˰˲۷Ϊ
ԼսСȣͻȻ˵ԼĶӻˣԼĶںԴɽдغöѹеȥ
һ·ϴ·ˣսսԹ˰ֹ˰һֻźôδ˵
ǣ͵һɲǣŭˡڵţɫ԰ף˫۽ղ˰ɢߵǰץס͵֣ڣ͵ľоȻ֮һסˣЩطˡ
ʱߺֹһžͽԼǸߵķѣԸ˽̧ңȻеĺƳֽѵľ޸ɫЩת
˰ĺһеӵܣ˫ȭյֱ죬ҧͺ𣺡ߺվ˻塣ۼȥ֣ҡҪˣ˹͵ķ䡣
ǣʮ˰Ը꣬׷׳ȥȥˣ˰վڴǰ棬ݺݵĵߺҪ֮أ
Լһӣ֣ҵǰվʮߣÿһϵĲǻ澳ģһʮˣʮˣʮˡǰվŸղųȥĹ壬˻˺Ȼǻ۷ߡ
ݣ˰üͷ΢΢һ壺أΪʲôûлĲߣ˻ǰһȥִˣ
ʲôô֪淢µ񣬾ʲôҲ޴ӵ֪
˰ޣϲģɳľӢҲ˵һûͻƣ罫ɱˣ
һŭȣǰ棬֣ȥ

֣ڴм磬ζϰţʮˣ֣һʼ֮󣬾ͽˡ
ʱ򣬸ߺ֪ǿ֮Щǿ֣䲻ʮл۷壬һʮӵţؾҲˣ֣ͬܵܡ֣֮ӡЩ˴Լڶʮһ£ҶǻߣЩмͲǸ߼ҿԱġ
Ȼ߼кǿˣȻҳΪǼ壬ҪľмˣҪ֪߼еĻ߼Ҳʮ󲿷ֶǻµߡֻĲĳˣΪٸߵľǸߺĸˣҲڸ߽츳˵ԭ
ƱյȻߺϲַΧֲЦˣԷٱӭɾǧ֮أԸߺΪѣ˼
ڼ˺ȵ˵ʱһſ𣬰һŭ𣺡ߺСϿϵļ˶档ߺµĶƱһڣڳƣþƣϧȴȥˣ
¾Ʊֽߺת˴ȸߺ֣壬ڹ˰һкƺƵʱһǰȥˡߺſڵʱ֣Ҳ׼ۼأ֣ڸ˰š
֣ҸϣƿڴǺ⣿֣֪ʣȻ֪ԷΪʲôģ
˰һ֣Ԫ˧ͲҪװˣԪ˧Ͷ֮ˣŶˣ֣ɫҲͻȻǽ֪ҿնҲˣҲȥ֮˱أ
˰е֪ԵɣЦʵãԹˣ֣ŭڣŭߺ֣ǰס
ɫ䵭ޱȣԭ˽Ҳ֪ʵñˣԹıأ
󵨣ʲôݣǼ˵ķݣ˰ŭ죬һߺȥδƷͬһСйڸߺϡߺдת𸡹ӰȥȻһƣƷȻڵֿܵġ
ɽˮ
ǿһһϵĽǵƷ飬Ź˰ȥ˰΢΢еԾȻղһֻһǾͨĻ߶ˣǴǻһΪȻһƣһᷴ
˰ɫĻ˻䣬ߺǵͱȥ˰ԼЩʪ̧һղŵסϽһ㱡˫һУɢ޾ɱǸߺ
ߺȻĿһۣؾǿڵԼԶԶǶ֣ɺԼûһѳֵıͺʵĽѧһϳ˽Ȼȡʤѧ´ࡣڸߺĽһʼѧ齣ֻƷ˽׸ߵϵġ
ߺ˰ʻվȫɢ޾ĺŹ˰ɱޱ˵£
ߺܵԼɱ˰֣ͷһҪ֪˰ɱսնɱٵģǻߣǿҵɱ֮£Ҳᱻ񣬵û뵽ߺȻܹ
˰ɭȻ˹ţȴҪɥڴˣԱߵ֣Ѿܲˣ˫۱ŷɱ룬϶
𣿡
ոأ˰˲ԭʧһ̸ߺǰһӰߺԼããƺһ޴ܵĸо
ֽǧѰߺͺȵߺͬˮһ㣬ϵȷУҡڣƺ̽Ѱһ·
ϣ
ߺĵֽ˰ƣǰһִȴ۸ߺô޷ٽֺҲ޷
ߺһ֮еͿ֧Ҳǻǰ㶼ǿԭҪƵñ֮ǿƻӵ̬ȻһЩĹصȵĲͿӵЩ
˰֣ɫޱѿԷȻû˵꣬ͽйǸߺסһǾ͵ԼϺݺһ⡣
֣Ӱ˲ڹ˰ǰ˫ƴŽɱ֮ԷȥΧ֮ĸߺܵӰ죬оԼͻȻǧ֮Уǧеǹű뺷Լ
֣ҶƷս֣ҵ߲ǹͬΪ׵ͼ似ֻмѧϰ֣֣趼޻Եѧϰ
Է˰Ҳʾһ˫ƺɨȥƾˣͬϵһ㣬Ʋɵֵ
ӣвϵͬһı˰Ŀ֣˲ƬƬ鲽˽γɵ쫷紵Զ˽ʵļҲ¶ڿС
˰֣屻÷׷׺ˣÿһŶʯһĽӡٴν棬һѹѹôҲͣ֡
סְɣ֣ӰڳУ龳ǿ߹治ͬ


26 ұ
֣ǰ˱ȭ񣬰˰ϾǺ龳ǿߣһֻ־ͿԻ֣˵ͷϿκεı飺˰Ѿ֪
˰ʩһ񣺡ǻ֣Ԫ˧ӦʣҴ߸ߺ֣ÿһλԪ˧ְ֣֮һδԪ˧
˰ղҲ˵ˣʵԹˡû֣˵꣬˰ʹĻǣߺһ׼񣡾˺ӵܣﵱߺ仰΢΢Щŭˣδ˵Ҫ֣Ҫδ¡
˭˵ߺǼ񣡡ʱ֣ת˳ɫĮĵߺƮŵһӣô˵˼ҵӵҪƮڵĵӵλˣ
ʲôƮڵӣԭƮŵһӣֲü˺ãţƮҲصĶɣʮѻ澳磬ֱŰ
ܵ۷׷ףǴ˿̹˰Ȼת̬ȣ΢ЦԭƮڵĵӰô˵Ҳ˰ҵƮڵĹƱ𣬹룡֪
ȻԷͬƮڵӣʶԼӣ˵ܽԷԼļ壬ܽΪãܱɱãҲССĴ֣һ£ֶΪأ֣Ĺ˰ĻҲ߸ߵ𣬾ʱദԼоˣ츳̫ˣԷֵʶǿԼʧȥһ˲ţ
ߺ΢΢һЦʶ֣仰ĳ˹ȵף֣üͷˡ˰ǹЦǴˮԼˣ֣ҺӵҲȫ˷ܡ
ûù˰˶೤ʱ䣺˶ǰ֣Ʊһˣ֮ǰŵһӣҲǻųΪŵһӵģ˼˴Цı˲䱻񣬾˰ûӳ㶵ĿŸߺ
֣һ֣ҲųЦݣ˰ɭȻ˼ǡߺ˵ͷʶǣսʶģǲѣǳУ
ˣңҪʬΣŭĿгݣµĵذ顣ߺȻϸղſ˰Ӧһȷ֤ʵߺ뷨˰Ȼ϶һͬ㣬˿ʵһƬһѹȥγɵӰϵĳ֣ŭһһȣս
֣˫ƻӰǧ򣬲ϵĳȥÿһƶᷢһ״սĽƬӰըף¡¡죬ʳǡʳϲһۡۺ̶˿֣ңһԺһԣؼʱ̣еľһ죬ʹһСļһü֦棬ɫ΢ŭ˭ôأȻڿʧԺ
ײĵطϵǿķγܵҡҡڰڣվվˡߺû˲սɵÿˣͬʱҲΪ˲ǿʵľ
Ӱɢƾޣ˰֣ǰ޿赲֣֮ɨȥ֣˫Ƶֿ羪
֣˫û£˰Ҳȥֱֱɳʮ֮Զֵʯ֡
ߣ֣ҵսȻ鴫ΪʺսƷ˼ҵĹʮҲ
ʮͬ׵ͼȷһʩչӰγƵ״ʹ紦ڹ֮У޷ֱԷʲôطȷֵʱѱԷУǿ֮һȾͿԽͨĲ
˭ڳ֡һŭͬһ㣬ϵڸߺлصߺԼؿڶˣɵϱתžúһЩ
˱֮ߺö٣ǻµߣ׷׵Ѫߵ׻赹ŭаź龳ƣȻ
֣˫΢΢쳤ЦϹôпǰ֣ĳЦŭңߺںЩ۾оȻվһߣ磬ȴԵЩ
֣λǣߺһŸӰߵ֣ԱСʵ֣ʼעſߣĿתĵ˾Ǻҵڡӷ㣬Ҳֽ񼸼֮ΪΪ߾ĺ龳ǿߣΪΨһһѾ棡
⣡θߺ޷ˣʲô⣬˭Ҳ޷˵壬һ⾳Դľ磬ͺñȸߺĻӰɾӰ֮⾳߻ͬΪǿܶ࣬ɱ
Ҳк֣ܶ繥ǿĽ⵶ȣǿ⡭ͨľˣֻͨ⾳ȶڱ⡣˵ھѾ˽⡣
֣Ϲڸʲô֪ǵĳֻٵֳԣ֣ӷɫĵ˵ܶѾðһЩƤľЩЩĵطӿʼ䶯Ǻ⾳̫ˣʼճ鲻µƤ
ʲô⾳ߺʵڸ㲻ˣ⾳ҲûðɣߺĲмһˣ֣ѣصľ֮⾳ԼӿָԪˣųΪλǿģ
ϼʱվڵϵĹ˰źӷԮߺ֣˶Ϊ֮е߳ܣΪһ󽫾ûսʤˣȴֻȣĽıôս֮С
ӷҲԹ˰Ϊем˱ϾͬһɣԼʾԵЩȥˡ
ŶԭǹֶʲôˣӷȻڸ˵ȴбſ˰ҲںЩˣȥ˵˺ӷ
ߺ˭Ǹߺӷʶһסߺ΢΢ǰһ¸ߺ
ӷ´һۣɭȻⳡңԱ٣ţڸߺؿûһ¡ߺˣ֪ײ˴ԱߵϣʹԼͣ
һղŲͬղˣǵԸߺԼˣߺ͸˰ȥ˼һ˰ɣӷ¶ˡ
һ£ߺ֣ҼӣƾʲôϹȥ֣ƵЦһĿעſеĺӷ㣬һԾҲͣգ½ΪʵΪ𣡡
ôѲҪҴһӷ㱾Ϊ֣粻ΪôһС֣벻£֣ɷµĵ˵ͷЦһд⣡
Ŷںӷеﻢ£ϾΪ˼ҵ£֣һֵã˼ҵƾʲôְǸղԼĻѾ˵ȥˣǲսδⱻСˡ
ʵ֣ҲһܣϾԷԼǿģս϶ֲôǲ򣬸ߺҪԷߣһͶԼ˶סԺ˭Ͷ֣ҡ
λŵʱֳһߣɣȻҲһλ龳ߡ˵ĵӷ˾ͽϹҲˣ˵ľ֮⾳ľ֮⾳ǿģһ˶Ը龳߻Щѣû˾ͽҵһ˾ͽ
˾ͽ΢΢һЦλҪܰɲãиɺãӷʵʣֻĿǰտڲ˼Զ֣Ȼ֪ԼϻƵʲô⣬ţԷ϶ẦԵ˾ͽʲôֱ˵ɣ
˾ͽһࣺ֪һ֮һıɣϻ˭֪ӷ˾ͽһۣ˵һΪʲôôأ˾ͽһЦתۿһ֣磬֣˼һѲ룿
˾ͽ˵ͷù˼ߺĶԹ˾ͽѵ˵²ԼȥϵĸߺˣȻǸ߼ӵܣݵλͲ£ڲؾУҲֻһ´½ţµǲ֪
᣿ߺ˼£ڹ˰ڲҲˣϾλǿڽҲûԼ棬ǲ廰ƺӷ㶼ٹ
֣Ҳֹӷͷһ£ͬĵ˵ͷ˾ͽ˵ˣһķǵĶԹһºϽʱߺ˼һκܽߺܣߺɹ˼Ҵáǹ˼һûκ˿ԻܸߺǾͲҪԹˣΣ
ܲͷ˰ֻεĵ˵ͷ˾ͽֿߺߺ˼һһ񣺡λǰߺлҪ˵
ӷŭȣôǵľھҪ˰߰ɣߺûӷ㣬ǿ˾ͽ
Сǿ
ûˣ
ʶ̧٣Υλľ

һʱ˽ȫӵĿŸߺȻߺǵ̬Ȳ⣬ᶨĿ˾ͽ˾ͽҲЩԼڰȴ˲ʶ̧١ϾԷ֣翴صģԼ˵ԼŮԴҲֻ֣òõѲɲͬǵľ
ߺȻ˶Էı飬Ȼĵֻ˵ԷӮˣǶԷ˲⳥δЩ̫ƽɣ
ι˰ﲻסˣŭ죺С㡭
˾ͽ⻰һ£Ц³ϣԶԶԣ˵ֶ˵ô֣סЦ⣬˵ͷߺ˻˵ӷޱ飬³֣ܣ
˾ͽߺӮˣô˼⳥ߺһƱߺΣߺŵ˵ͷ˾ͽﶼֿ˻ˣ׼ŮⰡ
֣Ҳʮָˣɣδ˼ҵʱʣ֤Σ˾ͽȻᷴԣںӷ㣬˼ҳǮʲô£ȻҲͬˡ
˰ĲѪɫǡ
˰飬ֱ֣ӽ龳ѹڹ˰ϣɫĵô
˰ѹôʮּѵ˵ң֣һԼջء
˰ض˸ߺһۣɭһߣ׵Ĵڣϣʱܻ߳
ߺһֻۣǵĵͲ͹˼ˣпյң絣һǹ˼ҵӵܣϣǲθ첲ȵĳʱǹ˼Ҿͳ˲зϼˡ
ߣ˰һλλûʲô£˰͸ˣ֣Ӭһ˰֡
˰Թ޵Ŀһۣ˻ȥˡӷ㻰û˵ҷȥ֣һЦ˾ͽô˾ͽҽȥһ
˾ͽԶ΢Цģãд⣡ǸߺҲɣȻ˴еĿġԼŮϵΣȻ˾ͽû˵˾ͽ˿ȫˡ
ߺҲǲһıᵽô£кöλ̣Ȼᷴˣ
ڼǿߵ£˼ֻô̡


27 ߾
˾ͽǰǸᵽô£֣֣ƧСԺߺе˵˳˾ͽĽ͸ߺ
½ޱȣΪ򣬲Ȼֻһ򣬵ȻʮֵĹ½ռڱȽϴˡشﲩ˲ȻҲˡ˶ˣŵļȻˣ֪ʲôʱ𣬲еĸɼһ֯һֹƽı䣬սŵսǿߵҫǸݸŵʵһͬ֡ӣ˼ǲĽӣҲΪǰһʸΪӣ
ĸ򶼿ʼʵ䣬СطʼʵԱѡ˲ţɵĻܵ£ּСĿ
֮ڶ㿪ʼʵʩ䣬ÿһΣΪʮ壬ûޡʵҲָߺ֪߼ƷС壬Ӵ󲿷ڶʮʱأ츳ʵһ㡣ĸʵԽߣµһҲԽ㣬߼ƷС壬ΪҲǸ߽ˣ¾ǻ߲ĸ߽ɣȻֻлĳˣϻи߽ѱ䱻Ϊ
α䣬ţƮȻҲڣ塣μ̫أһֱڶûвμӹı䡣Ȼʮ壬вپŴɡ
ǰʮзĽЩȻЩ˵ʲôߺЩ˵ȴʮѵõġһԻһ¼һƱҪǻһö¼ָڶһ¼ʮƱֻܵõһ¼̶ȶһģʮƱЩЩʳģĶǰͶá˭ɵƽ޹ʵĽ͸ˣԼӵܵõ˵ǽжӵܰΪ⼸ûиĹ
Ϊߺ֮˾ͽ֣Ҳ΢΢ЩǸ⣺ʵҲͦΣյģеҲܶ࣡ԵʱҪСİͷһתֻҪûļ壬˼һӦûǿӦġ
ߺпЦǲ֪Լ˹˼ңкң½ңҲμӣǵϻɽׯһôʮԼѾ˽һˡ
Ȼ½׺һڣ˿УҲʵǿ߲˵Ȼ䣬侺ҲǷǳĲпᡣ
ߺȻһЦȫû⣬ЩδصķصгҪΪ˺ͲͬսԴеõͻƵУսʵ÷
ߺѯһϵ飬ˣʮ֣ǣȻûҵʲô챦֮ĶЩԼԭеЩӦÿһ¼һ£ǸߺѰһ˽׸߼һ˽׸߼ôʵͻõܴƾ賤վеǧѰ뻯Ĳһս
ߺԺӳ֣΢ЦŶ˾ͽ˾ͽϹʲô뷨ֱ˵ɣһ²֣Ļ˾ͽЦԼ˾ͽõ¸֣硣ֲ֣֧һ͸ˣߺ˲ҪεذԼսϣֳ֣˼һǧҪӲǳɲɱ㿴Եˣ˾ͽ˵ͷȻ
֣Ҵ
֣ߺ֣ݵ֣ͰһЦԺ֣֣ĽˣŹֵģͽ֣ɣ
ߺһ£ҲУϾԼֵ֣ƣҶԷղҲվԼǰ棬ΪԼס˹˰ģ֣֮ǰǴӦάʮߺû˵֣꣬ʹЦ͸׼ˣģû뵽˰Ǹϼһң
֣˵ŽʮƱ˸ߺߺüͷһ壺⣬ʮˣô֣ʣµʮ֣㻨Ǯˣ֣֪ҪͶʲŻлر
ߺ˹֣Ƕл֣ˣ֣Ҳ֪ߺּôʧ̬ˣҲû⣬Ǻ͸ߺ̸˱¡
ֶαҪСİȻʵǲҪСˣ֣ģҸߺûСκˣߺ˵кȻи뷨֣壬ߺһæŶʲô¾˵֣ҵĲеһ˽׸߼еĽѾ̫ˣһŽߺ˵仰Ѿ˱ܾ˼ˣϾ˵ǸԼ̫ͻˡ
ٻƮڣǾûʱˣԸߺðиߺ벻ǣ֣Цֹֺѣֶѡͽȥ֣ҵĲ󣡡֣˵׹ҪģȻ׹ֻƿڼһμλͽһμƣͿڲ裬ҲҪѭĹذ֣˵꣬һơٶޱȣƿߺߺ˫תʹȫֵƵǰȴƮƮ䵽˸ߺߺ΢΢һȣָߺ磬ԼԷ򣬶Էʹȫ£Լһ֮С
ưѩԾдһ֣֣ʨ֣ҵı־ͷʨϷһ˺ɫĳǹޱȡ
֣ܹӦߺѡһľϲҪ֪ÿһԹرء·ϣ֣費ϵĸߺ˾ͽ̵ĺãӺ޲ڸߺ˾ͽ̾ͳףиߺβѡʵߺѾ˶ףףȻѾԷδҲûʲô飬ԼھܾߺԼĸҲÿ˵븸׺ܲһ˵Ů
ڣڸߺĲϼ尾£֣ҵĲ֣ҵĲƮڵȾԵüªˣֻһȽϺõ¥ˡǺܣߺһ£ܵͶǻģ߲в٣лŲĴڡ
δǰߺ˾ͱ˲ߵסˣʾǵƣߺԼеƵ˹ȥԷϸĿ˿˵ͷûʲô⣬ס似⴫֮黹ɣлǰ֣ҲԱ΢΢һ
˵˹أ߱ȥѲˣȥܸߺûиֻ֣΢΢һͷ֣Ͳ֪Щߴ󲿷ֶ֣ҷ֧ĸ֣֣ͬһֻһѪԵϵˣ˵ͬһڡ
ߺԸĽ˸߼ҵĲ似ҲƮ˵㣬нȷȻǹ뵶ˡ
ߺĿҪѡ񽣷Ȼнȥ潣࣬ļӰնӰÿһֽߺϸĿ飬ÿһֽǿиߺЩۻҡ
ļһʩչʹͬĸУþ׽ʧȥӰʹ˿ʵȷֵʱѾ䵽Լϡ
ÿһֽԼĶ֮˽׸߼ʹһֱõ龳׹Ƚ̫ߣֻк龳ܹӳӦ澳õĻֻ˽׽һ㣬Ҳޣյսʮ龳ʩչԽ֣ٵ׹ĺôǣȵ龳Ͳ÷ǰĹˡ
ߺһһ޷ȷԼҪıؼܵ淢һɫĹӵľУ˲ٻҳǺܳʱû˶ˡ
֣˹ָľֵʵ磡ľǣ֣迴ǸľУεҡҡͷһ˽׶߾׹ֻ
ֻʲôߺֹ֣һǺټģǳѲסջ󡣵Ȿȴôʱ䣬˻ҳҪ֪׹ļֵһǼ壬õҲֻ׵ͼ̶ֽȡ
֣Ǳֱ̿ˮȴһε̾ϢԴӴ˽ŵе֣ӵܶˡֻټ֣Ȼûһܹɹһɹװ˷ʱ䣬Ȿͱ
֣֮һûɹ𣿡ߺЩ⻰ʱһ𣺡ֹ֣ûܹɹ˾ͽҵĵӶУߺȫëֱֱ𣬾겻űԶǸӰӰ
Ҫ֪ߺȻǻˣǰߵʱʮǿ΢ܵߣǴԼȴ˿оǸܵ˶ԷΪߺŲ̿ЦղԼ̸̫ˣԷǻ۷ߣԼûоԷȷߺڤڤиоԷֻȺǿߵһߣѾ޽ӽ龳ˡ
ǸӰһӰ߳һʮӣɫۣݵӣ߸ߵıеȣģ֣мơ
֣迴ߣæǰʩ񣺡壡壿Цһֶӣ֪ǣԷЦݽиߺоֿ֣Ӱһ崺硣ߺ
֣æߺܣλҵ塪֣죡ָŸߺû˵֣ȿˣߺ֪ҼүӾǸţ
ңߺȲԽֲԱ֣΢΢ĵ˵ͷߺеǸӵľУ˽½ҽһҡڹʱ֣ҴӷڻʵĴָѰġ
֣ΪԪ˧Ȼ֣ҸɱʹڹʵɱԺ󣬴ָȻ͹֣֮ˣ֣ҵ˲ٺôҪ˵ϲľеⱾ߾ǶԷڴʱҲûʩչ
ս֣ҼԼһҲ֣ϰⱾʱֻ֣˫ʮΣ֣˰Ȼ޳ɹ֣ĵ֣ܵƣкܶӵϰ޷šʮȥˣֳ֣һϵõ˾ͽңû뵽ʮȥˣԷҲûɹġһʼϵ𽥵ģûԸⱾˣⱾһֱľһֱŵڡ
ǰ𣿡ߺͬ汦һ㣬֣Цŵ˵ͷҽʮ꣬ҸСĶӣԭʮԵﻯŲ㣬ʮʱ̫ⱾԼһɹԱ㵢꣬һ޳ɣ
ߺԽԽоⱾ֣۹ⶾһ۾Ϳ˸ߺ뷨ȰߺҾø츳ˣضܿȽţα˷ʱֲܵϣᵢ껪
ߺֻǵЦЦûнʲôʣ˵ֻȡһ˽׸߼Ȿȴ˽׶ģ֪ܲѡأ
ߺô֣֣ҡҡͷ뵱ԼԽ˵ⱾҪ˼Խ̲סˣϣԷʿɶֹɣǵסģ
֣һóһݸߺǵȻⱾֳһģһ嶼һһûɹһ䣬֣컹ȰߺǿԷ˿⣬ֻü˵ھͽˣȥɣ
ߺⱾ߾䱦л֣ǣ֣߳ؾ
֣쿴ŸߺԶıӰĪĸ̾ݼ뵱Լ񰡣ߺ֪ʵľеֳ֣콻ȴ漣
ҪĽ֣ôܰء֣֣ƣ֣֣ĶⱾ漣֣ɹԺԼĸ׸Լģ
ϣԳɹɣ˾ĽֻǷж˷Ȿˣ֣˵仰һ˲ʧԭأ֪ȥ


28 
ʳĽ׳֪ǴʲôʱģҲ֪ʲô˽ģǴû˸⵷ҡ
󲻵Լ۸ֶۡν۾ԼֻۣҪٷ֮յĺܶ࣬ǰȫ˲٣Ǳܱġ
۹˽׶˽׸߼ǲе۵ģеɱԽģ鷳ۡ˵һһ㡣
ߺ֣˴Ӹ߼ҵĲԺ󣬾ȥڻʳǵģ˵Ҳ֣ҺͼҶĬеֻܿмҵȨ˲֪ɣֻ˵ǧҪǣǳԼ
·ϣߺоʳȻ֣ȻȻҪǵ·ûаС̯ȫǵ̣ʳ֮ҲĹ涨һʳְ̯࣬ߣҲóԼη
ʱȥˣߺ֣վǰ齨ɣÿһ߶ȣ֮ƽһ߲Χһ㣬мľ忴ҡߺûʹʲôģȷǣǸߺΰĽˣʹ֣֮һ
ма˸棬ÿһ߲϶дߡԾֵң֤ÿһĿ¥Ƿֱͬ࣬󣬹󣬵ûод֣֣ͺǸгһ㣬ʲôģ޲ϣݣ鵤ӦоС
θߺǰҪѰһƷȻȥȥԺߺ̸о治֮ͬϵĳŸߺңʹøߺ̾ѰߣҪ˵ѡˣһҡ
ߺһһӵĿȥֱĿţ˵򣬵ڵһȫƷÿһַΪͬ࣬ǹꪡᡢ桭֮еӦоСҲǲͬϵģٵģеģŮġ
ʱһ߽ǰߺӦһ¶ԷΪȻǻΪⲻòøߺΪ֮ĿȻԷûʢ˵˵º͵һЦλ͹Ҫʲô
֣迴ҲǾԴ˾ռߣЦЦ˵ûǾ⿴Ǹòһۿ֣ߺ΢΢ͷƷĵطȥ
ߺЩ۶ЩˣΪõ߽׳˵ЩƷ㹻һСתˡ
ڸߺѡʱһм˹ߺⲻ֣ĴôεıҪҪμӰȰ㻹ǲҪμˣȻбзϵĿԣ
ߺͷƣ˵֮һ꣬Լ֣£ʮңһɫгۣСޱȣǸӻʮָߵģӲֲ˶١Ϊȴ֣߳٣оӦǻ۷壬Ҫˣ·ʱԱȳȲ٣ӦϹ򣬵ֻڴȴмӣӦһֺõ
ߵȫ淢չҪ·ҪӵĻҲȫƶ鲼ֻлڴмӡͬҪǰʵѵأҪϣʹƵĻӡڸͷ̫ǿıһ㶼ӡ
ҷҲԽԽȥˣҲԣǶǻһķŷϱ׼νԶһģǸݵӼ֣衣
˭ڻʳǳҵˣм˸ڵ֣֮ˣߺΪԷҵأ벻ǻʳһǼˣ֣νĶԸߺ
ǼôְܵǼأͲ¼屻𣿡
Ͳ֪ˣԭһǼ嶼㲻ٵС壬ȫ֮ҲֻмΪߵ㣬ǻ߲ΪȻûˡиãĹɫ㣬ͽԼ͸˻ϣ½ӢܵʱͿֱˣټҲֶκ˲ٺԼµ֮󣬱סԼĵλлҵ֧֣˳ĳΪǼ壬֮ȻΪߣҲޱȣָָ֣ԷǸӣΨһĶӣ
˽̸ûп⽵˵ĻȫĶ䣬ɫһѿѵһ֣裬ǲԼôͶԷԷ֣ҵӣԼɱȵģ֣ѪʹԼùõıӻҲõƤ
֣ԱߵǸҵЬ˵үүҴˣһٴΣҾͷŹ㣡ȻĻٺٵЦ
ߺɫָ˵еĽε̾粻ֹӣ֪˾ˣֽյϡ
㣡̣ҿǻĲͷˣһҪš˵⣬ߺĳѾγһˣҲ
ֵܣǧϽģ֣Ѹٰסߺνֱ֡ޣܿϧԷΪʲôûνĿ˸ߺһۣС
ߺֻǵĿ˶Էһۣ˿ΪֻǷһ˵ң
˵ǷǿЦһһ߾ȻЦһߡ
ߺûר˱ÿһƷԼֻ֣ЩƷеˡʹҲýУֲֻı֣½Խض˸ߺһۣߺ޵˳ȥ
ߺһȥָĽԼеĹ⻪ɫ罣ɫ𽣣ɫ
ÿһ涼һ۸罣Ϊмǿиһһʮ𽣣лԪĹƻǿޱȣһʮǧһᣬһٰʮ
ЩƷ߼ԽֻһߣȻ۸ҲȽϹ󡣸ߺеĽǮҲһһʮ罣ֻü濴ȥˡ
һıȼȽϵͣƷмֶûСߵ󣬸ߺͻȻһֵĽƷıˣ⿴Ļ½Խǿࡣȴ棬ɫˮߺϿȥ𽣡ǣļ۸ȴ٣һƷ¼٣۸񲻹ʮ
֣֣Щʣһ°ߺ֣֣һЦ򵥣ֳ֣ԱߵһľǸôȥǸҲ֪ʲôƳɵģǸľû֮һ˳ԽԽ
ԭ֣ӰһֿߺĶ䣬һθߴӣͲʮ꣬ϵΪȴǻŲ㡣
ߺоޱȣСѯ֣裺ǣû뵽֣û˵׳˵ˣ֣Ӵ˰ҽ촨ֲƹ񣬵֪λСֵγƺ
ŶȻֻǰ̨ƹ񣡡ߺβֹгԾˣҲԴݡԷŲΪҲֻǰ̨ƹҪǶԷҲǶ󣬲ʮѣνǰ;Ըһǰ̨ƹ񣬿ˮ
Ʈڸߺߺ˹֣ǰǰô£ȼֹƷΪμǮͣѲ𻵣
촨Ƿϣָ𽣵ȷƷƷƷΪΡ֣趼ˡ
촨ɬĽ͵һϵżзֵģǸżдؼ¼ƷҲв١Ǿŵλ⣬Ȼĸżеһˮ̶вš⻹һλ߲ȥֵģǵõȻȴˮԵĽ
ߺȻ½ԴԶʷ֤ݵꡣȻչôʱˣżȻˡˮԽϲĽΪ½ˮԹ˸ٵĿˮԱһ㱻ھǷˡ
촨˵ʵܲģѸټеתˮͷųȥڵڶ㡣ȥˣʽ򣬾ͱŲˣ󱻸Ʒн׵һ㣬ٹ꣬¾Ҫˣϧһ
һŵȫƷڶŵƷ±õƷĲŵƷ¼ƷмƷ߼ˡ
޼۵ģʹǻȻһ˽ǣһ÷ᡣ
ߺ֣𽣵Ľǹ⻬ĽɫĹâƺڿԼ⼸ľֵİΣɳ
Ĺâߺƺ뵽ԼļУԼԸⴥĻ䣬ǽԼƣһΪˮԣߺ츳ˣƷʸ߶ˣȴ
ߺһץס𽣵Ľ˼£촨˵ǰҪˣߺԸܵİ⣬ԼǷöˣԼõһٻȡһƷԼĵֽЩӡ
촨ߺ˵Ҫ󣬲Ŀ֣輱Ȱֵܣ˼Ȼ˽ƷǱϾˮԵĽ㡭˵һ˷氡ǿߺǼᶨ˵ȥˣֻεҡҡͷ
촨Ϊ̼ңȻֹߺˣ¶Է˻һ⣺ǿʮ㣬һͲ˻ˣΣ
ߺȻ֪ԷôģԼû˻أֱӴӦˣ촨ָһʣߺˡ
ߺֽһ𽣣оҲܲϾٻ˶ʮӣ˭Ҳ᲻ģãߺȥȥһ䡣
빦ߺǽȥˣʮӣʲôҲ򲻵ʹ˽мǶԸߺֲ̫󡣸ߺڻ˵ģҪ֪Ʒֻһ龳УҲȫĶܹЩûĺڻƷءԼܲãԼһƷˡ
˵ߺһ̫ˣ֮־߲ϵ洩󣬶Щڷһ̨ϣÿһ̨϶һߣһŲ㣬Ҳ󲿷õĶ
֣Ÿߺڶȥǻ߲ʸȥģ˵޶㣬ȥȫǸ߼ϣĸ￴㲻˳ˣ͵ùˡ
ڶȻûеһôңϾǻˣԳݣԶµġ
ߺ˾Ϳʼڶʹߺ۸һ޼ƤһбȽǿĴˣʹǻ˲㶼һ׷Ǳҧһڣ⣬ȫͻʧȵؾȵʱȻӡ

ڸߺһ̨ʱȻͣס˽ŲĿһʯͷʯͷȫڣǮİߺΪ۸ͣסģΪʯͷƶͣ½Ųġ
ʯͷСʯǹõĶǧһʯ㹻һˣʯе֪ȿֲӵ϶ٱʡĹ
ʯͷߺõڵһ׼̶ȥƮʱһϵ﷢ֵġ


29 
ԭʯô˵Լһ¾ͿԲȥˣԭߺȥصȻһõʮʱ䣬ǶʮУԵֵµУôʮĵͲʲôˣΨһϧ߾ʱˡ
ʯһжӭжˣȻʯеպһЩǱʮĵȴҲˡ
ߺ֪Լǿʯͷʯ󣬱ûм˼ˣ֣ҲߺĲɵģһλߺںڻʮأ
ֵܣʵ⣬Ҫ֪ٲҲƷӲ̶ȲַƷɱģ͵һƷɡ֣費ϵİΣߺߺûκνֻͣ΢΢һЦ֣֣Щˣʹ˻ȥɣ֣赱ȻᷴˣγΪߺʶ·ԼǴ·ġ
˳֣ҵķȥڸߺνǹƼһ£ԼƷǷİˣףԼǿʯͷǲʯ
ǶĲɣԲûз֣˳һС˵ĺ棬ʧһҾ¥ſڡ
¥Ķ¥ϣղҸߺ˲ǰŵĲһûжֻĿ޽ǰ۾вʱرŷ˿˿ɱ
ȾƵʱ򣬸ղŸŸߺ˵Ļ¥ݿڣһܣһܵǰĵЦ٣ҿ֣һ˴ˣһֵܸأ;˼Ǻš
յߵľƱͣڰУ˫һУȥǣоƱ˸飬ˮ˳һֱǻæ·Ǹ
ߺţȻһֱһǸԼԼͷʱ˲ϵܣǼʹٿ죬Ǳȵϸߺ˫ۡߺ֣裬֣ŭ⻹ˣȻ˸ҸԼ
תȥѵǸ֮ˣǱߺѹסˣҪ㣬ͲժҪųߡ֣ܲף˵ͷ޺޵һ
˷Ųһߺ߽һƫƧĺͬʱҲǸСĴͬÿߺǰߣһ˿Ц·㲻ߣ߽ܣ
ٶȼһ˲վ˹ŲĸߺǰɭȻޱȵĿŸߺղξүүҲŹˣҪĹͷζ飬Ȼѵʱ򣬽ӽڣԼۿԼôҰԵģ
ŶҪˣߺ΢Цſߺ򶨵ı飬зŭԼܵս
ƷʣŰĵ϶£嵶ޱȣߺ·ˣ޿ɶ㡣
ֵСģҵԵ˽׶Աߵ֣Ѹߺ
ǧѰߺ岻Ƭߣʵ죬Ƭҳһ·ֽ
顱һߺĵֽŴ˹ͷĺԷȻԼԵȻһʱٲӦĻôԼͻᱻߺ
ȵγһƬӰڿкХţߺý֣ߺóѡ
ǧѰӿһȻǸߺʹһˣߺ糤֮ˮӿֹ˷һһ˵ĳӰѹȥ
Ӱһײײ˵ķȥǼС첻Ϊĵǽϡ
ߺһ˳ʮ̧ͷ۹Թ޵ĿŸߺŭһӰȻΪޣڻٶ̫죬ʹߺ޷壬ͬһƬģߺ
ǹߣ֪ʲô֣һѡߺ޵֪ʲô㺰ƨ룬ǸߺԼҲ֪ʮֵϾԷģô򰡣
ߺϵʩչǧѰÿξԽԽʱ򣬸ߺƵȣû뵽ÿγûԷ̸ı·һģӰԼϮĸߺϵĺˡӰϵԱߵǽϣǽʵǽڱߵͬúһ㡣
飬˵ĸߺȻһĻһֱվڵϣÿֻҪʩչߵʱȶȵվڵϡ
ߺˣȷȱڡ֪ȱǽͼ򵥶ˡǧѰθߺǳȥǳŶԷϮȥ
ߺĽǰƮƮŶԷȻȥæطǻطٶôиߺĽءѪŸߺĳƮ˳
ʹĵڵϣ˻ţҪɱ㣬һҪҵĹùɱ㣡㣡ߺʣĶ˵һ䣬Ȼͺ֣ȥˡ
ص֣ߺ֣ҪһƧĵط֣彫ߺһˣ֣ҶԿļ壬ֶٲ˵ģкܶͶ֣ҵŶġ
֣ҵҼֱԹһ㣬֣ʮ֮а֣Ŀռ䣬ʮɶʯͷƳɣʯͷļӲ̶ȱ֮ͨĽ˿ѷɫͨĺ龳߶޷ʱڻơ
ߺڵһһƽ׵ңΪҹ飬Եùޱȣм׮ӣ֣߸ߺþִģһͨĻ߸޷ºۼʹűУǸ߲Գɹõġ
ȾʣԼһˣߺеʯ˳ͽ濴һģһֻǱǿ΢һ㡣
㲻һɽôӵʯǧѵһıģ֪Ϊ֪ҪŪʯǴӺεģߺʯ̾
ߺó߾ۿ
һУÿһжԼɫ
ǰνķʽУȻַڽ֮ϣԲ˼ٶնˣȵԼĳٴλع齣ʱԷȻ
ڶǲؽû˸Ͳ֪ĽںδңվڶԷǰ֪Ľںδ
ΪƽʽУ˳ŶԷĴ̽ȥרƵ˵
ոߺΪֻƽֻܴӰνʼνûɹû취Ȿ
ߺһҳҳķȥЩдͬһԾȻֽϡߺס۾ûϾǸЩߺоȻܽдֲͬͬĽһ㣬˿϶ΪǳĸߣڽߵķǳԶ
ߺԺвϵЩ֣ĸߺ֣Щֲдͬһ㣬ÿһнƣѹĸߺֱ޷۾ĸߺͷϲϵˮ
ڸߺԺһĻŰνƪ֣Ȼһ䣬ڸߺԴﲻ֣һģģӰϵİνնظÿһǿĽơ
ߺˣ߾ͬӰһ㣬ҪĳֶܹǶǽơ
ߺ˫ۣ򣬲ơ֮ǰҪһ־ϣʯеߺǲʱ䵢ġ
һж׼׵ˣߺ뵽״̬һִԺͬһиŸߺ꣬ǸߺȻš
ڸߺǰ죬֣վͺˣ˵ߺҪμı䣬ԾҲҪ͸ߺһ㣬μһıᡣԼܲߺʹʵˣҲˡ
֣ҿʼһֵĴԣ֣Ҷ֣գͻȻ⼸첻åΪȫķϡ
ڹ֣ڻҲ֣վģѡѡȥһ򡪡󹦡˹֮󣬲Լķõܴ١

ʮȥˣߺԺлǲϵֳЩ֣ͬǸߺѾо걻ʹˣԭЩȻ뵽ߺȥˣЩڸߺ۳һббһޱȵϢ֮ߺлһɫֱߣǺŵģһģģĿһһһ
ǵŵĺӰܵ˶ԷϢȻһҲԽԽģԭһӰӰ
ǵббֱ߷·ҲܵвȻԽĸбķһ߱һƽ⣬Űݡ
ʼգߺͬһͰ㣬ԼϹ㣬Ǹߺббһиܵ˽Ƶ壬ǵģԴҲ֪ˣӰ֮⾳
ߺȻˣǰνˡߺԺйۿǵӰĽǸɫӰ𽥱͸ܿеľзʽһлΪޣߺԺֻһ֣һġΡ֡
ڵдЩ̫һȻߺ֣ǸߺĪľ֪ˣǰ֡
ߺ˫һĽһǰһǵƱʧˡߺѸվսǰĽ׮ӣһӣһһգ۵ʱ䶼ûǳȻڸߺĽ֮УƸûʲô仯
һӹȥˣߺǰԶ׮ϳһۡԼһ֣ббׯϳ֣ͺͻȻԼһ㡣
ߺнеĽγһ㣬Ľ䣬ݵƿߺĽƣˡ
ƣ˵˾ǽľ棬ǽĽˣܹˣԷ٣ֻҪͷųƣ׻ܶԷߣʹԷս
νһ˲佫Ʊʹٶȣ̶ȵһޡһ±ʹǱԼǿһߵĵ⧲֮£ҲһһʤĹؼ
ߺҪܹɹ߾ǿꡣǿ˵ǿʵߺһ²֪ڸߺҲбԣĹյЩʵޱȣжԡ
Ըߺسͱ˶ˣǽƲϵĻڸߺϣߺӡǽƵĹ켣Ȼ󲻶գԸߺô˽ơȻĻʹߺ츳ʱ֮Ҳơ
ϽһӵнƵߣʸ񱻳Ϊ͡ǽ͵ĸ˵ܷǽ͵ĻôһʹĻ߶ԳΪ͡
ߺеⱾ߾ʮֳԾͬʱҲʮҡ˭Ҳ֪ԭԭ߾мƵãԼõǱֳǹԼͲҪɹˣҲ֣ͬһ㣬Ŭ֮Ȼɡ
Ȼ˰νôͿԿʼһˡؽ
ؽҪϣ֪ĽҲöԷ֡ⷽ浹ǱȽϼ򵥣Ϊдôиߺ֣ȻҪƵĸȻؽȻأܻزá

ʱڸߺֹȥʮ죬ߺȻƽɹˡĿǰƽЩһУ׮ڸߺһ֮£㱻ֵ̽ȡ
ߺԼĸӰҲߣϵӰӶᱻ֣ⶼӰ֮⾳֮ЧߺȷţԼԹ˰ʹûлܶԷĿܣ϶ԷҪʤԼǲܵˡ


30 
򲢲˵һֱԲȣߺֻǻߣٹȾ磬ֻΪﵽĲ߾磬ſıٹȾ磬Ź߶ʳҲԽԽСߺһųһη
ߺ֮࣬оԼΪиߺ̲ס̾Ϣʯʯ˵ģÿĵմӶʯԵģ֪ٶô֮һ
ȻǸߺ֪ڵԼ̫ˣûȥأ̸򣬸οм仹һǸϲ֪ٱĴڡ
֣һ㶼ŻǱţΪ˲ܵȺֻǡ츳ͨĵӣǵϵҲûȨͺ֣裬֮Σ츳ҵŶԽ
ߺȫһ⣬û֣彫֮뵽֮У͸һɶŸˣȻ˻ӣνǵ죬ڻҵȼѾйעˣҪ֮֮иͲˣΪһֻӬడ
һҲΪһ䣬Ը嶼æ覶ŸߺߺҪһ֮˳˸ߺһҡ
ʵߺҲףȴ⣬쳵ֻ˵ĲӴ󣬶̡һԼ̴֪ˣ̸θȻΣգǿߺΣвϵĽϵķԼԸǸߺ
жţҲϵĽ֣źÿζɼε˹ͷȻֻÿ˵⣬ÿ٣ٶٶУʹ㲻ԡ
꽣ĸߺоԼĶ¡¡죬⣬һͷ˵ļҶ͵ߺſڡ˵ɲɣ϶Ǹſˣһվ˳ģޱȣǿ׳졣ΪǲӦǻ㣬Ȼ΢ôһ㣬ĳɾͣò˵츳֮ߡ
̷ˣҪˣӵĿ˸ߺһۣȻĶǸҶǸҶˣе㺦£͵͵˸ߺһۣ׳ŵӣΡΡ˵ǣǮһλģҪ΢һֻһˣ
ϻ˵ҪˣӿԷһҶȻҶײŭƾҪҶ
ˣɣڸߺΪһٷܣֵáҶԷҲ֣˲ţ֣ҽԼ߾ľԼڵңϡ
˵ȴģߣһųŻһ㾳磬ųһޣ˵껹һڿˮ
ǼҶƵģΨΨŵŵĳǸνǮȥŵһ˾ȥǸߺоǸҶôŤݼãڸߺһűͲˤ
Ǯ߳ŭۼֿ죬ȻöǮХҶȥ̺ĽǮޱȣٶҲܿ죬Щ˵ʱ򣬺ĽЩľΪΣûһЩľ̵⻬ޱȣͬһ㣬öǮڵ̶ȡ
ǮڽԼķȫն֮ȥƲҶȥߺ˲˼ֽʣ̺һöǮڳȥöǮڱƸٶȣȥ²ãæȡöǮڣ趯˪˫֣öǮֶӭöǮڡ
ߺϻһЦ̨αأֻһСĶѡߺȻ˵ˣΪղŻزļҶȻˡ
˲Ǹƽˣߺ̾ѰߣʹŲߣߵս֮£Ҳʲôƽˣ类ѹĶãﻹܡ
ЩȻǸߺڿԿǵˣϾµǶûˣʲôû뵽ǸǮȴǲġ
һһķȻҶԿͦʵģҽмүүȻԷΪҾͷŹ㣡ԷǸȻĿŸߺڿһԼڲˡ
ߺûԷתߣ˭ߵģ洫֮ĻǽǮڵƿ»һ
΢ŭԼѾһٶöԷˣǶԷĲ֪øߺˣһơضɽҡ
ǿ𶯶ܵˣеǰʮöǮѱضǣⲻòиߺ̾Ǯ
ߺ˪´ڲ֪ôҾͽַϵԼһգǸǮѾˣ˫۳죺㡣̡˵մӻͳһöǮöǮĲͬղŶԷóĽǮڶǽɫģεȴɫģɭ˵Ĺâ
ߺüͷһ壺ڣö½ݵΪöģܵصĽһЩ˳۵ġࡱ׷ɱ
ϣö߻ǲֻΪ̫ǿˡһּѪĶֻҪһƤ̷ýҩͻУޱȡ
ߺ˫вһ˿飬ŶԷĵ㶼ã֣Ҷ࣡ޣҲֻǳɾҶѣ˵ʲôģֻҪܳɹǾʤ֮ǹ֮
޳ܣϻ˵ҵġǧꡯˣǮٺֽ꣬еĶ˦˳ֻڿк֣Ȼûټһֳˣһģıˡ
öڳڿУŸߺǮ˿ЦŵҪС룬öǮڶˮнֶ꣬ҩð־綾öɣֻҪ΢΢ĻһСڣͻãۿԼ帯õĸоһ
ߺÿ׳յ̲סѿڵ׳գ
ǧѰߺ岻ϵڽǮڵĿ϶߹ƬڣڶԷھȵУߺһʹ߾
νһĨͻȻ֣ͬںҹһһ㣬Ѹ٣ֻߺַڽϣһ̳ͳĲ֮ϡ
ôôܡô죡Ǯ˲ŵĵĿĿŸߺûʲôܣŸߺĻ£һױ۰֮ڵϡ
Ѫӿʹ˻ǽҵ˶ˣ˶֣˭ٴŴҵ
˵һҪұۣߺսʣĶڵϴ˵ϣ´㲻ҪսҵԣΪûͽС
һĻڽ֣忴ˣҶʵͨˣȥԺֱ֣鷿֣壬ԷǸǮҡ
ҵ˼ɱԷȥĻԷҸܣǾ͵òʧˡ֣һԭ򣬱Ͼ츳ҲʮѾˣʮ֮ԷʹҲǻ˲ߣ֣
ǸҶֻ˵һ仰ѳɴɹ֮ǷЧ֣һδ֪Ͳ֣ˡ
֣һȥյҾͿ˸ղŸߺվ˵Աߣսʡ
ߺ֣嵽Ľ̶Էղ˵֣ҵԡ֣һۿǸɫԴϧ˲ͻΪᶨ
ǸǮ걻֣Աʱöȥնסҵ˶ŵþĵǧҪͷһΥ֣ңڶʵ²ҪǸߺɱ˵ǸղŸߺ˵ǶǮͷ­ֱۣͲõȵ֣Ҽˣֱˡ
֣Цĸߺļ֪ڸߺԼһսġߺҲ֪ղ֣⣬ʵȫԽǸǮȥԺնףȴֱ޲ɱӺζھЩﲻʵţѧԡ
Ǹߺûеƣ֣ҪµһݷˣԹ˵ĻԼң֣ɨ
²Ǹߺߵһڸߺ˵µһַַ㲻ϡ
ߺصԼУЩ˳꣬߾֡ߺԺвϵֳЩ֣ҲӦҲƣ͹ȡ
ߺеЩϵĳŸߺĻ꺣ӿȥǰߺ͸оεıŴʹĸоֻյЩֻڸߺתߺȻоˡڲͬˣߺЩϵĽԼ
ߺоԼ񱻱Ƶģƫƫȫһ¶ûУߺףЩֱϣ弴ʹůҲûá
ϵҧأԼУĴʹ뺮Ħֱ졣
ߺоԼ־ʼԺˣǰľģ壬ߺĿסڵҪӿȥƫƫܸߺĿƣϵıԼȥ
ȥ·һߺȻǱʣ¡ߺѾԼҪ޷˼ˡ
ߺ뵽ԼһҪ취ͻȻߺһ԰ԼȻԱ壬ǽվꡣ
ߺ֪Լ뷨ж󵨣Ҫ֪صڣǿִǿκεĴݲСңԹ˭ûӦ˵˭ûеô
岻ɹԱסתĿܣɹǾֻܻɢˡ
ʹߺ֪ΪΣգҲģΪĻҲֻܵȫ⣬ȻԼһȥԼ彫Ϊһ߿տǣһҲܳɹ
ߺľʼԼˣǷϣ뾫๵ͨģƽ޷ͨܵ꣬Ϊ޷ƾȴͬΪԿƾҲԽǿˣơ
ߺȻˣԾȻѰ߿ԱģҪ֪ɹƺһǲˡ⼴ʹǿҲֻһܲɹں龳ˣͻƵʱ򣬾ͻԶ⡣ԶɵľͱԼϲˣϾԼ⣬ѾʹԼľ衣
ߺֻԼ걻ϵĳʱʧֻʶĿ꣬ЩŲȥУߺ𽥱һֵı棬ǿű򲻶ϵɢź⣬ڸߺɢȥ治ϳĺΪһ塣
ߺоˣоʣ¶һ㣬һϵĿԼڵֱˡ
ڸߺ겻ϵڻ꺣ɢź꺣һƬ磬ͺƱɵһ㡣
ڲķϢıʻǧ򻯵ıʻߺıͨˣһʼһǺɫģһǰɫģȫ͸ıɫȻޱȣǿӵǰԣһ˱һеϢ֮ԭֹǿһ
ߺ˫յ˫ۣһֱ絽Ľ׮ϣǿý׮̸һ㱡ĺԵʣıͨߺ˫ͷų


31 
ʳǵĻʹǰ棬кܶΧһƽʮټ飬ʹǻʵ۵ľסݵôһǽʮ֣ûܣҲûκ赲ֻΪһӡһı
һˣΪҪʼˡܳʱȥˣȺɢȥڻȥ·ϲϵĸ̸ʲô
˵α佫һ˵ˣ
У㵱˶ƵôɵѾȫˣ˭֪
ǾǣαǲμӵģΪһ˵ķɣԲŲԶģ
ԭΪԼ֪أԭǶ֪˰
Уųһҡҵү䣬˭֪
ˣ˵ү죬츳ˣǽҵĵ˲ţ䲻ʮ꣬ѾлΪˣ츳ֽ֮˿ѷɫǽȽĻڲĴְ⽣ҾͶռ
ǽҵĵڶ˲˭
˵ǽҵĶү죬ڴǰͻƵĲ㾳ʱ򣬱Ѳ֪ȥ򣬾ݴǴȥˣ
һ׷׸̾ҲΪһңүǲĴֵһүʮͱѾǻظ֣үǴ򡣡
ǰ治Ϊһܰ

˿޽ҵʱһͬشһݺݵûڴҵؿڡҶμҲ˶ΪҶμˣ
ʲôμңʺŴ˵ľȡμΪصļ壬ΪԺܶ˶˶μҵĴڡǾ˵ѣͬһͰˮͷൽͣȫ͸ˡ
μλϷشҲȽƫƧ˵вĽȥݷãǸҲμҵڡһ龳Ѱ˰أѰˣǳȴտڲᣬֻ˵μһɽڣǸһϹȶμҵơ
μȻǸҶСμҵʵΪģֻΪμмдʱõңȡǰ֮ǰμҾѾˡʲôʵ˵ˣֻøԷ԰Ǽ壬ΪȫȫǰʵֻøԷΪ
ĴȻȫڣû˸˵ĴԹͬȼʵҪʵ߳ܶ࣬²˲֪ߣǾЩҵԼĬ˵ȻҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
ڶμҵأҾԵñȽĿˡɽ֮ϣÿжнҵķ֧ʳжнҵķ֧ڽסĵط״񽣵һɽ壬ǳ֮Ϊҡ
ҵķֲģʳǣ½ң˧֣ңī˾ͽңǹ˼ıңϹȶμңҡ

ƾ˵һҾ͸ô˵һǳ˧Сͷɫڣɫ˿ۣϵɫŵźɫѥӡϿ񣬴ݰףüĿֱһ׼С˧ϣȴһʢ˵ı顣
һ˵ˣСԷǰʸ£Ƕμҵˣ
ҾǶμҡǧǸжǧȻޱȵ˵˵ҲŸӵĸоƻʵڿԼĳһ㡣
ǧ

һƬžԭμҸ̫ãֻ֪ǰĶμҼǶοģıһ֪ˣҪ˵ǧ˭ǲ֪ڶμҼûǶ֪
˵ĶǧȻԵõ˵Լ֣û뵽ȴһȻ߳Ծı鶼ûУеֻһƬãȻɲȻŭ
һȺҶǧڣ˭õһ˵Ľ죡ǧ֮󣬱ȥ֮ݺݵĵһ˱Զȥ˱ǧһÿ˶Ŀͬɽݺݵѹһ¡
ζμҾȻˣ˴αһܾʣ
֪μΪʲôҪ겻֣һ֪ڵľƴʲôı仯
ڹڶޱȣеҲ룬Ƚ̫ƽǶμѡĸ¹ھͻһƬѪȷ簡

̫ɽϦڱֱϣʹשӳĺͮͮġǸĹԱһӦû˰ɣξȻϹȶμҲ룬Ҫˣ
磡֪ζμҳѡ˭ʱڻûߵȺУ֣˾ͽ̸֣˾ͽҲ׼μεһᣬ֣յΪȻǻ澳硣һ֮ͻƵģ֣Ѿͣһˣǰûߺһж⡣ߺΪٶȽ֮󣬱סˣ赲ǰɹΪ澳硣
֪˾ͽεĵΪʲôⱨҪȥˣǰСٲɾҪˣ˼ҲŹģ

˰ĵʱϦ֮һӰԶһϮϵһװ׵ͷϵɫŵŰɫѥӣ˫˿һŰɫǸߺ
ߺ֮󣬾ȴʱĴڣԼҲ֪׹˶೤ʱ䣬ڲˣǿԹߺմԼʯҲһ͸ʯͷ
ھһỹ೤ʱ䣿ߺȥңͽסһҶʵҶǰߺͷλλǱһ죬Ϳʼˣ
ڻʳǲϤĸߺԴ翪ʼұĵطôڻʳпʼȦȦһֱҵ˻ƻ裬ֱǧУҵȷķ
磡ôڲ֣̲סǰȥߺޱĵ²ʶ·𣿡
֣գ˾ͽ
ԭֻɵӣμӱ䣬ڱѵżôҲμӣ˲٣˵ľһ꣬ڸߺǰ
˭
ǬԵĵ֮һ
ʲôǬڣǬڵġǬơ˽׶Ʒ
ǰ˵ͬΪ߸Ͳһ֮У
Сˡܵ۷׷
ɫ·һɫɽǬڵı־ҲǬԹۿμӱʲôĵӡ
ʵأ㳤û˧ģ֣ն˵˹һЦ֣ҵ۹Ⱑλδ̫׳ˣ֣յͷҺ۹ģһǹг˧ÿģ
㡭˻û˵꣬ŭĶ֣մһδ֣գߺͬһ㣬ѸǰһĨԷʧޡ
ߺٶȲǸǬڵԾȣһЦʹٶȿôʵУԶҵĶ֣
ߺüͷһ壺ǬڵģǬڵүү˵Ա֣˾ͽҵӵܣͬǰĶԷ˿⡣
ˣҪǲĻ͸ҹȥɣﲻְ׳ոĵطǸǬڵͬϲӬһ˻֡
ߺɫĵ˵ʲô˵ڲĻҾͷϵ֣˵ָ˵ߺĶͷ
ҪȥȰһ䣬ҹߺ˫һʹöԷƸоȫںУȫ
Ǭڵĵӣо޹⣬ԼȻһʮСŵòҸе˺䣬δ棺
ǬơǬڵӣ⣬ͬտһ㣬ǬڵƷߺһЦأ
ضɽҡߺƣʹ˺ɽơ
ԣǬڵĵӱȥǽһѪѾˣֱ۶ˣΪֱ۴Ѿסˡ
ܵ˾ˣʲôղŲǻ˵ԷǬƿɻԼͬΪ𣿿ɶԷǻһص߰һԷһƻˡ
ţ˾ĳĵӣ
ԣֻЩŲŻԽսԷһ򵥡
ûɽׯĺĵ죬˵صΪͿɻܻصĸ֡

ԴӸߺ֮󣬸ߺоԼйǱˣ񹥻к
ߺԱ߹ʱͣһ£ԺӷһЩʵǿǿҪ֤ģ´ҲٵΪ˵ͲڴǰǬڵӡ
ҡҡͷߺ뵽ѲǬڵӶķ𣿡ǰ档
ãҪߺò˵Ǹ˵Ȼ˸ղŵ۾ɵúֱܴߺŻع
ŶŶ
ߺ

Ʈڣ
ףڸߺ˵ԼƮڵʱȺзһֵһµ˳һƣԱ߻м˿ߣƮһ㡣
Ʈŵӵı־ɫ·ڵļƮڵеķΣϼһɫƮŵӵı־ǾӢӣǺĵӡ
ãƮƮŵӡԡƮĸŵӣƮڸе㲻֪ͬ˭µĹأŵӾŵӣȻƮȴͬƮڷΪ壬ÿ嶼һÿһԼŵӣ洫뾫ӢӡŵĵȴͬŵΪ̫ˣĵȴΪλ̫ˣʹλҲǽĴڣų϶øӡ
ƮΪĵӺεѣΪҪʮ֮ǰﵽŲ㣬ҺĵӵĿʼձʮÿһҪĵӣҪһĵӡÿһĵӱܣһĵ°񣬿˵ʮֵĲпᡣ˵ĵȻͬƮڵӣȴ֮⡣
˵ƮڷͬÿһǾ֣ȴһͬʶǾ֣嶼һ⣬ʹǺĵҲ⡣
ƮڵŵӣߺĵʲôܣʵȫпܳΪŵӣôŵӣЩŸߺ˵ĻߺΣԼŵӵóԷһ¡
ǰɣȷŵӵƣΪʲôϸĿһ¸ߺƣȷƮڵơߺһЦ͵ҳܳʱˣֻͻ֮һֱûлȥ
ŶŶŶĵ˵ͷȻͬƮӣȻҪһԼ˵£Կе֪ԼøѾľ磬ٶȲν죬ԭΪ洫ӣѵһĻʣž鵤ҩ
֣Ʒ壬ѾͻƻؾˣԷ˵ҲԽսţĵӻزſԳΪ洫ӣԷﵽؾͿԳΪŵˡ
ߺ΢΢Խս𣿻µʱ䣬ʱǶԷڣϣԷ̫ϲɣ
֪Էǲ֣Ʒľʶûж˵ʲôܾ˶Էһȥס֮صҪ󣬱֣˾ͽ˻ȥˣڴĵ


32 俪ʼ
֣յĶ¥ϣߺڱͬʱҲ˼һ⡣ɲԽԼıԷӡͺΪһ㡣ԼֻҪһоʹűԣ׾ͱ˷Լʡ
½ֵжôһĳɳȫ֪ĽΪӵʣԽսڲŲ㣬Ϻ龳Էһս֮ˣĴ֮ס
·һ֮ڵĸߺһ¡ߺľһ˿֮С̽ȥһΣյḶ́ҲǸߺͻƵ澳һνԼԼ̽ȥһã޷ס֮ͻײٿؾʹڵײձ
ȻɹˣߺҲͿˡľǿľͻƻ澳֮󶼲һƣǻԼľԼľ㹻ǿˣ԰ǵĽˡһǶĿƺٶȻ˺öࡣ
һ˿벻ȫ߿ԷԼ߾кβֲ֮ҶԼڵָƣͺһһ㣬ʹ߲äһϹһֲһЩǰµĲ㣬ʹԼתΪͨ˳һΪȻȥˡ
ǲӵĿɾͲͬˣֻƾо֪Լڳʲô״ǲԼвһ㣬ԼҲ֪þ߽ŷλľ߲ˣһеһжǰҪͷһΣ鷳쳣
νĳɹǣ˳뵤֮Уʹ֮һ˿ϵͺƵﲻϵŸźŸ꣬괫ԣͳɾӡ
ߺüĴһһɫĹ˳Ÿߺľ·ƶȥߺľҲ֮ԼľתתͺһԹһ㣬ֻЩΪʼնǵһڵתһܺصһȦ
ԼľתһˣûеǸߺȴЩǰսѷ죬ȻСǧ֮ѨЩܿԺɴ⡣
ڵĸߺȴûмһʱǼ߶ʱ̸ߺҪɢȥ޲Щѷ죬һʱԼƣˣԼٵľͲΪܷˣԼǷܴȥ⡣
ʱԽԽãڸߺоԼľҪֲסʱ򣬺ȻоȻһԼһͬˮӵϿգЩеͬһˮԴԴϵ
Լĵڳɹˣߺ̲ס˿˿һæƾǵںڵ֮У֮ͿʼԼĵ
ڸߺĵﲻͬһС̷С̷Щ̶ͬˮһ㣬治Ͼۼšڡ̶ˮϿһ̫ͬһ飬Ϸ治ϵð˿˿Щߺʹ֮Ӵ⡣
飿ô˵ǰξԼˣߺǱˣһǾˣԼǻȫʧʱ򣬵ͻȻֵļӦþͷŵġ
ǰߺоȻоĴڣڸߺõӣȻܹˡ֪Լܷߺ뵽Ӧÿ԰ɣϾԼڵĶ
ʵܸ뷨вࣺߺѾĻþ߶Ǳǲɽߺ۵øƵģյ˫ۣʶصʵУϵĴ
ĵľʵ̫Ӵˣһ㻯ĲһҲǸߺ˵ԵʣǾˣ¸ߺҲ֧Ųӳɹ
ߺһ߻ָһ취ֱҲûȻߺ˶һԼ壬°ϸߺûһֱôԼڵıƶ˼ϡǣרһǣתţǼˡ
Թ緹֣һȥ֣Ҽ䳡һ·ϻﲻϵ˼飬֣ǲϵԱʱʱĶŸߺ˵仰˵ʲôߺһҲûȥ
֣ң䳡֣뼸ͬǻصĳڴ˵صȺ֣ҲμӱʮˣȻ֣յȫһ
ϣҾű䳡ظȥֻ֣һûٱʾǿˡ
μӱڶ߿ʼۼڻʹ֮һı̨Աߣ̨ʮִ󣬳࣬ɡڱ̨Ա߶һЩߣûбһ߸ߵդ档
̨Աһŵλͬһɵߣ½ǧˡ㴦λ֤λá
ߺ뵽䳡֮ƮȥǲǲϤԼϾƮڵˣһֱ֣֮УҲ¡
Ʈڴ˴˱Ƚ٣ŲʮˣÿһһˡǿߺԼ׷һ㶣ϾߺûдŷΣǶΪߺǹҲģֱƮҡҡ֣ʦܣأ
ԱһƮʦͱһ£ʶЦƮŵӣʶģ
ʮ˶һȻͶˣһԲһŵӵķ͸䣬ϣҪƮڵźã
ߺʱѾߵǰҶԷҲ˵ȻˣĵһЦ˿Һθɡ
ⲻŵһ𣿡һĵµŮӵķߺ֮ڵ˶סǿȥһĵµŮӡ˵˾ͽʣǴŮӾĹǡ
Էҡҷߺ˹ÿһ˵᲻ϣмӶ̲ס̿ˮĶ죬ǸߺԺֵĵһʡ
ŮӶŸղ˵ԲӵӦʦ֣˼˵СõĲˣӦüͷ΢壺ʲôϵ
֣˵ǷһƮǿҲô۸ƮӰɣ˵ŻԸߺƮһۣʦֵӣӦҲͻƻ澳˰ɣƮΣ
ߺһˣԷ֮ǰԼܵǸŮӣԭŮлˣƮֻŮӣ
ӿߺǻ촽³ֻҪԸ⣡ҾͿֵܵƮڵ˶ûԳ֮ɫǼƮŮӾȻҲûԡ
˺ˣǶƮڵӣȲҪˣƮڱɽׯУɽׯԷǿ϶飡ʱһӰݣɫ۵˽˴ϡ
λ껪ʦ֣ŵ翷洫ӣΪǻأζнеһ洫ӣʱڸߺԱСߺ˵ͷʾԼ֪ˣڶԷ˵ɽׯĴ𣬸ߺŵƮڲãȻ֪Ϊʲôˣǽ֪ɽׯǵзѾѾ㹻ˡ
껪һٶˣɽׯ֮ˣ粻У䡣껪м䲻Ѳ²⣬ƮɽׯĹϵˮݵˡ

ԽԽӵҲˣÿռһλƮڵ£˸ߺһϮ£ԵöԷЩȺ
ɽׯĺ£Ǭڵɫ·ڵɫװ½ҵĻɫ·֣ҵĺɫװ·ͱȽˡ
Ҳ͸ߺһԵñȽ϶صģμҶǧǵطֻվţһ߸ֻһվţϷž콣˶ͬһһ㡣
ʮӰߵ棬ͷһˣ߰˳ߣźɫʿװĿֽһı۰򣬳ʹͭɫ˿Щڻû˸СΪǿĶп֮һβ׺
˵ѾΪ龳ˣҲֺüˡΪǶпͣƫ̻Ҳѹ˭龳Ϊȫ֮Ե֮٣Ϊһɱɹǽľп޾ıˡβٺòˡ
β׺Ŀ΢ɨһܣſ˵ͬһ㣬¡¡죺ʱѵţ߲ɽţӲߡɱ
ߵһͷȥߺܣԼңѾܶˣһս°Ҳ겻ˡ
β׺ɤӣأλһڿʼλβ׺УϣϣȻɲǱʲô
˵۾ֱܣ˫緢һУ˵ؿڣ˾ѹޱȡ˺Ȼ˵β׺Ȼ龳ˣ˻Ȼû
ĿʵʻȷǺ龳ı־ֻк龳꣬Ŀʵʻ
Ŀ̫ˣһ˾ͿԽȫ
ˣӭӼ֤ǿߣβ׺ջʵԵĿ⣬Ǵֿ˵
ո˵꣬Ŀоͳ˼ģӰӡߺȽϤģһ֣֣磬һ˾ͽ˾ͽӷ㡣ǲ˹˼ߺĴĵļ֤ˣҲһ߿̫ʶò˰мƣ˳ǹ˼ǣϾ˼Ҳǵ֮һ
ĸ˸ߺԲµó˭Ͳ֪ˣϾҲôˡ
β˱Ƚ϶࣬Դ˴α֮ǰȽдѡβ׺λ֤Ѿ㲻ٷϻˣֱ˵Ĺ
˴α֮˵Ҳһ֣һҶ
ѡ̨һбȶһֹ涨ٳȥˡֻһ˶һ˵Ĵ򣬲ȺŹģԶٵģֱӱȨ̨Ȩ̨ûκսȨöȨǲҪǰˣϷֱôˣû˸ǰСġ
⣬ߺ̾пᰡֻһ־͵ȥһֻ࣬಻١
˾ȴӵһʼɣǶȥɡβ׺˵ڿնУĿˡ
ٶһ˱̨ǹı̨̱ӵ˺ܶ࣬Ħࡣ
˶Ѿȥˣβ׺ޱ˵ʼ
仰뿪һţԿʼԼĶ֡ɣݺᣬֱĺⲻϵ˵ģϵĴɳ
ߺֻǾվһߣû˭鷳鷳ĻҲȥҹ˼ӵܵ鷳ǹ˼ӵʶֻԹ˵վһߡڱ˵鷳ʱ붯Ҫ˼εǵڵı飬ξԼΣѵĶ
ȺУһɫ۵ˣлصΪǲûаγֳֻɽָϵĴз˽ÿһһ֮С
ߺעˣǿĽеľԼǷôǿĽ
˵ͷǸö֣Ӧþǽҽɣ
ͬĿĻˣÿһпȽʵм˭ʵû֪ˡ
Ǻǣα᲻ײμӣβįˣܹſһˣߺоԼֿˣսĿŻҶˣ̧ƣߺʼеˣ


33 ֮Լ
һ֮紵˻ʳǵÿһ䣬ÿһ˶֪һֵ˭ͬʱҲ뿴֣Ժö˲Բȵڱ䳡Աߵһ¥֮ϰλãǡǡԿõı
ߺ̨Աߣսˣϵ˴̨ȥͬһ㣬׷׵ȥߺһ壬ʩչʩչȭţûʼս˾Ϳʼˡ
ȭͷԽԽȭͷߺԽԽûȸߺұ鷳أȻҸߺ鷳ҲߺŲһصľ磬ûдƮڵķΡȻΪߺǸ޿Ľ鷳˭鷳
ȻԼ鷳ߺȻŹһ죬ָſͽǸȭͷץסˡߺ䵭ĵ˭һȻĵƾҲ֪ҵݣͽ𣿻ǿԼʵɣ˵һ𣬻صΪ¶ڸߺǰһץֻʹɵԸߺһ¾ͱˡ
Ǻǣ˵úãһпʵߺһЦֳƣһԷȥһƿǸߺȸղŸ߳ɵƶγһ͸Ƶ״Ǹϻð˿˿
һ·Ŀγһ磬ȺУʹԱսɪɪֱмעȫתƵߡ
һƸߺûκֻһҲлߵȫһʵߺֻ֪һ»۷ΪʵѣΪӶԷΪǻ۷ΪҸʵޱȣӦòҩﵽΪʵʵġ
֪۷ΪʲôʵԼܹԼɵܶԷ
ԷһԷȻƣϻЩһĶæתȫȭϣߺһ㣬һȭջȭγһȭͷӭȥ
䣡ײһȭƲϵĵŶԷϸһ֣ᷢߺڲϵĽԷȭϵᣬЩһɹɺɢڿС
Щ±ûз֣ǸߺԼȴˣһĻ˼΢΢ЩԾʱ˶֮ʱԼԶԷڵѶԷΪԴԼͻƻ澳ԺԷײȴûЧԴԺԼЧչĻҪټϸꡣ
˵ʱʱ죬ߺֻԷȭ˼ӣͽԷȭȫȥƲģֱŶԷȥ
ԼķȻûЧȻһæ˫ֵ֣ȥ
ͣ
Էߺֱӻʮףֻڵѳֱߡ˱Է̨ԭǸҲУƲãĽ˳ͱȥһɫֱԷһ·ϵ޲׷׿ˡ
вţзӦģ׷׽Լǿֶι콣ЧҲ̨ȥ
ǵʮ˻̨ȥȻ׼ȷĴ˵ϣֻ۸߸߷ҲĳӲֹסˡ
ų޵ĿŸߺˣﲻϵĲҽС
ı۰ж֮ߺȥղŵθߺȻЩȥ߲۷ߣȻҲС
ضɽҡߺ֣ԴԴϴӸߺ籡еضɽҡϵǵײϵߺƾߺ򲻶ϵ𶯣ҪɢǵƣϵĶԷ
ƾײǿײʹĴ쫷磬쫷ͬһаķлޱȣε֮޲÷ˤ̨£˲Ϻһ㹭ӣڵϲϵĲ
ǵʤиһСߺƾȴǲϵ𶯣ػصĻǵҪľǸߺϵĽһĺϾƾԼҲģߺƾ뽣һɢڿС
ǸĿ˸ߺһۣ˫һ۹ⶼͬһߺˣԶԷжԸߺ˵ȫмڹˡ
Ǹö֣ߺа̾ϲԷУû뵽Ǹ˵ˡ
Ǹǵ۵˽һŶ϶ĵǸ֪˭𣿡
򲻹˾ͿʼƴңѵڽܳǸ߰ߺס̾΢Ц㲻˵Ȳңʵ𣿡
ߺõˣǵ࣬ȴֲֻֻǷߺ޵ĵ˸ߺһۡ
ߣǸֻ³֣ҲԷˡǸ˵ŭҧøֱ죬ǸıӰ쳹׵ĺҿǹ˼ӵܣˣ
˼ӵܣǹ˼ҵӣֵߺˣѵ˼ҲʶԼȻĻΪʲôԷȴԼ
ô˰ɣһֻ۰ȻޱȵĿŸߺǺӵıӰ˵ĶǸӱӰ˭ҵţҪļеɱŮȫ󹬣÷
㣬˵ʲôǸһһٵ˵ţϵķ콣ֱֱʮףĽ̵ֱ졣
⡭ǸԳƹ˼ӵܵӱŵöɪɪǻûȵ˵еĹ˵ˡ
սܾսˣвˣ֣Ҫҹ˼Ҷˣ˵ȻĿǺһۣҹ˼ҽ޷Ҫ⡣ҹ˼ҴӱԵոٻصĵӣ֪ߵغ񣡡
ǺҲĹ˹֣Įޱȣû£
β׺һԽʱ˲ŷ֣ߺǺӵĹ̨ϵнʮʧȥ˱ʸȥˣ˼
ʣ֮Ϊǻصߣ֣类ȥˣ˾ͽһ׽Ȼɹ棬Ȼвأߺ˵ս̫ˣʹò߶ͣ¹ۿŽûеȥ
֣ձϾǸոͻƲã̫ƯԿʼþͱϵĺȥȻҲ˴ȥ
ΪУȻлⲻòиߺ棬Ȼ֪ԷʲôֶΣûеʵ̨ϸͲܡ
Щ̨·߷ߵĶβ׺ƽⳡ䲻ƽҪҲȥ
ǣ㿴滹лһصأҶ۷ˣôұһеһָ˾ͽ

֮ȫȥ֮β׺ӿи߸䵽̨ϣŭһˣ
ϯķ߶˸εڵءβ׺Ŀ̨֮ˣޱĵ֮ʱѾ˵ˣⳡ䲻ʵл棬ʵҲһ֣ٸҳֲͣҲ⽫⣬ǼλҲ᲻ͬɣ
㿴̨ϵļ˲Լͬĵ˵ͷʧܵһ±ƿˡβǼߣʧ֮˳һαȽԶľβ׺ɹ̨ϵ
β׺ȺˣڿʼڶǶٰʮһˡ
β׺óö֪ʲôƳɵƣ˵һöȫӳֹҵʹ߶ƻҵҲԷơһöƻᱻգ߿ԼȻûĿԶȡеƣһ֮ûƵѡ֣ͱǸˣʱѾʧȥ˱ʸ񡣹أ뵥Եл󣬲Զٵ󡣺ˣԤʼ
β׺˵꣬еһöУߺʼʼսĶסһöƣβ߸ߵ𣬸ߺʹͬһֻӥһֱֱöƷȥߺõǴһ˲ͱȥˡ
ߺһĻмӰжǧӾУ翷껪ǻǿߣȻҲСǰǰԼʮӰˣЩʵǿľṦ˵ġ
Һøߺеöƶûѡο֮˲ʮˣаأʹѡٻһ
ȥ֮ȫõƣ׷ȥϻЩ˲ûȥڵϿƵˣϵıҲȫóˣԴ
ߺȻ֪Ǵʲô⣬建£Ȼ֪ߺǱϾֻǻһصľ磬м˻ŽΪղŲǹ˼ҵǸӵܴ⣬ԲŻʧܡ
ȻмĴˣûĿ궨ڸߺ˵ļϣǷںЩ˵ϡ
ߺƮ䵽ϣмԼߺһСضɽҡȫ˻ȥȥٶȼֱʱҪϼ֡
һȴ⣬һۣϵɫͷɫڣгһѰɫӲʲôͨɫҲ¼Ʒ
λ֣ǵү½ӢĶ½ڣǸԳԼǻҵ½ڵ˵
ŶԭǻҵӰ֪סкָ̣ߺû˿仯ǰ㺮䡣
ģֵˣһȻҲʲô£Ͳ罫øһңһұͣȻ
ԵӲʩԷ˵ԷֹһùˡжԱ˻ãڸߺ
ǸƶãˡҲܸ㡣ߺĵ
󵨣ӵ㣬ϽùٸһҵѥӣȻĻҽųնĲУ½ڵɫѾ̼ͬһڣ߸ϵĿŸߺ
ߺߣƣܹƶܣҾͽƸ㣡ȻĻǸҾԲܸ㣡ߺһЦ
½ͬƵģɫ˲ͱ˻ͷϸ룺Էһؾˣǻؾ磬ȻղǵޱȵĽɢǵ˶ϰܵشŵߺǰģΪߺֻǼһȱ
Ǹ콣ĺǻؾ磬½ԼҲǻصΪʹضԷҲǸߺֻһ߿ɱġ
֮ͺԥĵ˵ͷãȻҴͽ̼УҾΪѵĴӦˣ֮ԶԼ񡭡
ߺ½Ǵʴʣ̸ͻȻԻر𷴸У֮˾ֱֻ湤𣿶̧Լͱ˵ˣ
ˣһƣߺͷĴ˶Էݽ˳ġضɽҡ˲䱬γһ½ڷȥ
ॣ
½ڳʣͺն½ڵĽзɳһǰͬһӰ㣬Ÿߺжȥ
˼ལ
⾪ལǾŵһ似𣿡
ǰʮǰǱһǿƵŽһ
鰡ʱǻߣһṦ෵졷˵߶޷׷ôҲûӳأ

ڷɵĹоȻ任˷򣬷ΪͬķߺȥÿһȻ۷ߵȫһ
Ȼߺơضɽҡʮǿ󣬵Ͼһ޷ͬʱͬʱͱӳˣʱߺˣߺû뵽Է


34 ǰٳ¯
ǧѰԼĽߺ侲쳣޶ƴһߺͬǺˮеֲСеĿ϶ιߺ·ûռ˳Ÿߺ߲ȥˡ
һĻ½߹ӶˣͬʱĽȻͬʱ䱻ˣŵϿǲܵ飬ԷȻ˰
ߺСضɽҡҲ˶ԷǰԷӾȻңңͬǰȥֱֱӭơ
½ôˣôԼ
԰һƿǳղŶ˶޷ǵǱһƻģ

½ھǵԽԽƴ򵽵Ļ²Ҳˡ˾ѳɶֵʱ½ڵȻûκбϷȥͬһ㣬ôӯӯ󷽷ȥ
ǣ෵죿
϶෵죬˽ṦĴڣ
˵е֮ǳ⣬еصķʽУ߲Σصȵ龳ͿڿתȦ״ڿȫ˵

ߣ㵹һ½ֻ۷һȦͶһƣֻصԭĵطŸߺһٸһλᣬڽеóãĻҾͶ㲻ˡǿҵṦҲ
Ȼղʮֵ棬Ȼܹ򶯸ߺģԼĻӰɱס෵졷ֻǷṦѣʹڿתȦΣӰɿӰ֮⾳ܷӳĹһṦ֮
ߺһЦȻ˸һˣ½ɫޱʶ̧٣Ҹ㣬׾ལҸղֻ˰˳ɵʵҾͽʶһ¾ལʵ
˵꣬½ȳ֣һ˦䣬ϵ²̶ȣһֻ棬˲佫֮п롣
족½ڸ߸ͬһ߸ĹУԷĳҲͬѪһ죬Ҳ˺ɫģð˿˿
½УǱӳͨ죬߸߾𣬺ݺݵȥ˦˽֮ǰȴвͬΪǺɫģȻرԣȻԿĳлɫת
֮ʣܰǻôôߺɫЩ죬ϾԷĻ֮ϢҲ̫ˣҪ֪֮֮ˣĽǳޱȣǲԶˡ
ǲǻʻδ֪ʹǻʸߺҲ¶Է΢΢ЩĽҷɲֹͬһֻֻӰ㣬ʹ֮ǼĹ켣һҪҲˣ
û뵽ԷĽı仯иߺЩʼϲߺʼѰҡѰǸ㡣ͣڿתÿתʱһֱص
ߺһֱעȻ˫۶סĵǴ˿̣ӿһǸߺ԰˳ʹģӿǸߺƷ˲䱬һƣôٺòˡ
ߺ֮۳һˣ֮ȥ²ɵϵС˱һ˲ͱûˣǿޱȵĽһ˲ͱˡ
ʲôôܣ½ڵ˶ŷһСʵǰǵðź½Ѿ޷ʹ෵졷ˣõͣѸޱȣ޷ƹ֮ǰʩչṦϾڻûнס෵졷ͷŵľ硣
˷һ¾ͽ½ѹڵ£ȵߺɢȥ֮ʱ½ڵѾǣһ߱͸Ǳܿ½Ǿֵı顣
˭Ȼ½ڴˣ
ȻʵǿǵҲС
һԷҲܼбˣ
ǰʵһǲһ𣿴˺°

β׺Ӱ˲ڸߺǰͻβ׺ߺûоȣǵĶŶԷ˹֣ǰ֪к飿
β׺Ŀһ۶ԷԼͻȻȻûгԾԼѿѹסԼѹǻɢһЩ
Էһؾ磬Լֱ֮𣬵̩ȻŵɼӲô򵥡
ʧȥ˱Եʸ񣡡ȻöԷȻΪУҪƽ£ĿŸߺ
ûУߺ½ڵĽǰִϣĽϵĺյԼڣЩɢһա
ʧˣ½ڵҲʼɪɪȻղûǱˡ
ףβ׺ֵ̾ȻպأѵҲǹ𣿡
ߺҲʮ֣Ƕ˵ʲܷѵҲЧ
β׺ʮֿиߺָߺһЩЩһľЧͬղ½ʹõľལ˹һʮأʮϾͿڽԴ棬ҲҪǿһ㡣
ߺ˵ͷԭղԼΪ½أл˶Էߺ㿴ˡ
ЩȻ˸ߺʵʵƣûʵûƵҲҸߺᡣղŸߺ˼ҵ˵ǽң½ڿǻص߰ϰľལҲ˽׶һṦ෵졷ɶǾϰĹܲȥȥ
ǿ֮ˣڸߺ߲ȥҸߺ仹֪ǷѾʹȫ
ߺһռ˵˿ǲԸˡ
ߣֻɰˣһһصķôǿҲǸѣ˵һźɫ۵ˣۺ滹ѩ׵ơ
ɽׯĵӣǻɽׯ洫ӵı־Ȼɽׯţ洫ǻء
һΪɽׯе׵ĴڣΪƮȻǰţȴǶİţȫţ֮ɽׯҲ١
һ˾Ȼôţôд֪𣿡Ǹɽׯ˵㲻֪ɣ˼㵨ƮڵӣƮڵ洫껪ͶԷһǻصΪ
ŶԭƮڵ껪ôǸƮڵģ˵ҲǣһһصҲгۣŵӵͷͬǻأԷȻˡ
һ߾ŭӣ˼Ҳô껪һЦӵĿ˼
û˼ش껪ĻߺĴЦʹԱߴӸղŸߺһֱסԼЦ⣬ֱղ껪һνжԷ֣ߺҲ̲סˡ
˼ʺȤû˶ְߺ޹˼ɵĴЦţָָ˼ֱ˵סڲ
˿˼ɫѾɫǱޱ࣬۾Ÿߺһһ٣ҡ껪ҲΪߺģȻ˵Լڻؾ磬ԼԷЩģȻԱȴ⣬ٱߺͲˣҪ֪ԷдƵš
ŲӵоͿӵеģֻЩʵȽǿˣʱڽдʵõҵϿɣŻᱻǹһƺšҲ˵ƺŲԼȥģֻб˸ϲ㡣
ߺղŵıߺ˫˫֣˼Ƕ֡涨˲ͬʱһˣߺֻһ˿Զ֣һĻߺ˸ͲǶԷĶ֡
˼Сʹ޵ľǱֿЦҲвٺʺģ޲۶ϽǣΪϵˡڽе˸ǲңǸȡЦֵģһΪ˼ǻɽׯĶŹơԲµõƵĳƺš
ơ롶ལһͬǣơ׵ͼལ˽׶
˼ĽһƬ⣬ͬһһ㣬ߺ껪ķɫɻɫֻƿͬŻһ㣬ϵ·ϲϵ䶯ȼգյŤˡ
껪̾Ѿھˣ׹һʮأڰؾͿԴгԪΪá껪ԼҲһ׹һŽƽһ˽׶ṦоǱƽһʮأ˵أͲĶ֡
ԼϣߺӲǶԷĶ֣ԻԼӲأƮȻڶֹʱ֦ͬοƮڲ͵Ļɽׯ
껪ŲһĲ˼ӭȥʣɳɫ⻬ޱȣȴǸͬһ㡣
ʲôƮƷʮ֮һġݡߺվһԿ껪гıӣʮ־ȡ
Ҫ֪иеͣÿһѵƷʶͬƮУÿһΪԼĵȼƷû֣޷ų֡ƮڷƷõѾڸߺˣǾǵֽ
ƷȴΪΣ껪õľƷʮıݡ˽ͬһϳ˵УͨƷܱ˽ϣνײһ
ٳͬʱҲһ˼ɨȥһͬһƮʹ˶һ̺᲻ᱻƻĩ
ͣ
ȴĿɿڴΪĳȻǿĻƴ˸ƾУ˼껪ȴĲ˵ÿһڼӲʯһؽӡ
ð˿˿̣ȻǶԷĻ£˼ȴһӡ
˼ԼϵİӡɫãƮƾȻϧѪ׽ƽ㡣
ڻصʱھأҲ
Ȼ츳ǿǸұȻԶ㲻׽أȲԶأ

ôǿߺʵ̲סˣڲΪ£ΪôǿĶֶе˷ܣ˷ܡ
˵ȻҲע⵽ߺ쳣˼Ҳܸܵߺֱֱս⡣
ߣǻ鷳̫֪ߵغˣڸߺ˼սʱһӰڸߺǰƮӦ벻мĿŸߺΪƮµ鷳𣿵ΪֹѾǵ˹˼ң½ҵȴ壡
ߺͲϲԷԼ޹˼ɵ𱸣ΪиߺԶԷΪᷳ
ߣҲߣҲߣҲߣҲߣҲߺֻǵ˵ô仰㲻ȥӦǽע˼ϡ
˶ߺ仰˵ʼŸĵÿ߶Լıʼ׸ߵĸȫˡ
Ӧŭ쳣ԼȻһŵӽѵˣһŵԿ־ߺһơ
ǸߺעʼղͲӦǷŭʹˡӰߺԴԼӰ֮⾳֮󣬻ǵһʩչ˷
ߺӰ˲ԭʧˣһ˼ǰձ΢ס
β׺һʼĬĬ߶ߺ˵Ǽ仰ЩоԼ⼸ͺư׻һ㡣
β׺ͻȻЦЦΪأӰͳڸߺǰס֡
β׺⼸ʮǰ׻ˣ˽β׺ҲһıˣЩΪԼϧҪΪУˣβ׺ͬӴ΢ЦĿŸߺСֵܣлл⼸仰ȻжҲò㣬һѹ㲻ڽսˣ
ԭʱѾȥˣμһѾˡ


35 Ľ
䳡ϴһķ磬˵ұ紵ͬžҵ֮
β׺ڰŸߺĽߺǸղơ˺֪ߺ᲻β׺Ȱ裬޹˼ɵĹкܶڴķչơ
ͷĸߺ˭Ҳ޷ı飬˭Ҳ޷ıв²ʲôոߺ̧ͷ˫β׺˫עһ£β׺ֻһĺԼ˫ۼæתһɼ᲻ɴݵϢͷųǵıѸٱƬ
ߺǵ񻯽β׺ֻԼֱȻѾˣԳһЦ̾Ϊ츳ڸո̤龳Ϳġû뵽˱ˡ
ںڣڲſԿʼߺȫ˳棬ȻڻͿǸߺǻΪҲһЩϾЩŻǿڻصʱǻһĳ
˵ȥƸߺֿܣһ⵽£⵽˵׷ɱϾߺղ˵Ļӡ󻹲ԲûйǵһЦ
ߺβ׺һۺ󣬱껪Աȥ껪վһ
Ӧѵߺһ£β׺ղŶøߺˣԼôܲ˵ȥߺ»ǵβ׺죬Իסˡ
ȻԽѵԷǳһ»ǿԵġߺ㾹Ҷײʦ֣ȥԺұչ£ʾ𷣣
ߺԷһۣĮǰβô򡣶Է˼Ҳβ׺ѹٹ
ϣڱʱҪңȻұطΪ˼ݺݵôһ仰תɽׯӪȥ
ɽׯϾţʹ׵ţҲǰſԱġ˴λɽׯ˽ʮˣĶǻصΪͨڶ˵ľнʮˡ
ƮʮͨڶˣǬ뾲ڸʮˣʳĴжʮõƣһˣμˣļеСģеǽ
Ǽҹһصˣһȥˣͬ˾ͽҵ˾ͽƮĻмһصߣȫʧܣΪֹֻиߺһǻصΪ
β׺ص̨ϣɤӣˣõƵľͿԲμӵˡÿ϶Լĺ룬кš
ߺԼеùһȻԼƵıдһġġ֡Լĺˣߺ̾󵭵վǣβ˵
ĹбһδսʮźսԴơսΪʧܣ䵽֮⣬ΪʧܣսнΪʧܡԶȨΪʧܣöʧܡȻսˣԶзϻûսҪֹͣȻʧܡսУ˫˫ʧȥսΪƽ֣Ҫٴα䡣
ˣ쵽Ϊֹʣµ飬˵нƷһĽЩ䶯ԭĻټһ¼ָβ׺˵Ĺ˻Ҫټϼˣ½½˫潣࣬μĽƮĴ֮һ죬Ǭڴ죬ڴ϶ͻɽׯų
β׺һ˵һ󴮵ҿִ󲿷ֶǸĶΨлɽׯһųϡ
еѾˣ˵ҹϢҲû⣬ʹˣһҲͺˡ
½ʹֽҲ˷֣ҾҲҪòϢһ£Լʵ״̬кܶ˵ڶᱻˢΪһķѵ̫Ӵˡ
β׺ǰһѡסǵ׷׼ջơҲΪԤв֮˽ѡеȥ͵컻ա
ձˣ˽ɢȥʱȴ˵ڸߺǰһǻ½ڣһǹ˼ҵǸӣ˶ö񶾵ĿŸߺ
θߺڿ壬ղ֣˼ӲסĵضɽҡΪʲô˫ֻû£Ӧñסǡڲ֪Է˫֮һ㱡ƤһħƤƷס
СӣΪĿۣ½ڶݺݵ˵ȷ½ƣߺȷԲ˶ߣǡ
˼½ҪƮڿսˣڸߺ߳һŮӣһ㣬ϵƻǺܾ˵ģȻǻߣߺ뻨վһһŮӣӦƮġ
½ڱ仰ҭסˣȷƮڵʵ½ҵȷǶ֣ŵĲ֪࣬ʮ
ҪڱҰɣȻʮֺڵҵģ½쳤Цȥ½ڻصʵôܻûأе˾ͽС
˼ҵӵܿߺȻƮڵӣȻʲôݻֻǶ񶾵ĿŸߺ
ߺȻԱС£ֻҪʵκıƶھʵ·飬ǸߺĿõ߽࣬ɼƻ˶棬ڸ߽ǿ»Ϊޡ

ˣˣˣˣ
ڶգʱţ̫Ҳڱ䳡ĵսĵսľңսԤʾűڿʼ
ڹ̨Ϸ֪ʲôʱսģЩսĶǾʿõģÿһ춯˼սǡ
ŹĲֹǲԱиһЩСŵţһЩھֵͷ̽ĴУһЩС峤ÿһ˵мˣʮΪ۷壬ǷǺܲˣЩԱֱө֮⡣
ԭһǿЩţʱϿҪΪĳЩµ˶ԷڶΪ˽Щӵżʶʲô죬Ҫ״
䳡оŲλǿĵطֻλЩλǸ׼ģǻû
һǱĵطмİ˲Ǹ˵λȻҪҪѽǮġ
ʱ佥ȥʱҲԽԽҲûȵֹͣʱ򣬾Ǳʼʱ
ϯѾˣеĵطⳡǣ֤μӱѡһڻû˵·ȴţÿһޱȣȻһӣȻǷִĻǽһս
̨ģֻβ׺ţ˫Ų񷣬ڿʲôߺ̨ϱ۴һ죬ԱߵͲƵģԸߺǲκʱġ
ˡ
һĹɢҲԤʾű俪ʼڹûصʱ򣬱䳡ϿճʮӰоŵӰͣգֻһӰ޷ڿжֱڶ̨λϣһɫۣͬһ㣬ıĶɫơǻɽׯˣĶڻɽׯųϡ
ʧˣеľŸҲ׷ߺյ˫ۣһעӵ˸̨ϵһˣһɫۣڴߣƮдǷߺĵӡ
죡ߺ˫ۣĬĬ߶ͬڿ̨֮ϣߺһܳԾΪĸ׸߽磬󻹸߼ҵӵܣ֧ӣ£ǡ䲻ʮ꣬ȴ۷Ϊڼе츳ڸߺ
Сǣ˵ܳɹƮˣ֪βμӲμα䣡еĸ¶ԱߵǸ˵ǻ۵ĹâȻǾƣѰҲ£˵֮ʱŲס˵ƽСǬŬչأ˵Ҫ澳̾ƽ֮ϣȻҼ˲ţγ²ɣ˵΢΢̾Ϣ
ƨǸƽǹģܲҶ÷ÿֻ֪۸ܣǸϲĸ߽ɣȻ֮λޡһԴʴʣֱ߽翴һۣŲٽ
΢΢һЦֵܣʮ꣬ԼĸĸԼذ׳Ǹ߼ңʣû뵽ڰ׳ǵʮ֮һԷΪ߾ޱȡԼĸǻߣȻûڶԷ߹бڷԼ˵ĸױԷַۺɱм뽫Լɱնݳҿϸ߽֮߷ƣ˴Щмȳ
ʱ߷ƻǼԼ˰ڸ߽£߽ҲԼ缺Լ˼ãҲʹССЧҸ߽磬ڶǱѪޡ
Сߺˣһ꣬ߺȴˮʣܵ޾볰Ц˼ߺģСҲǼãڸߺȶСһ꣬Խ¸磬Ǹ磬ҲƸߺΪܡ
˴Сͱֳڳ˵츳Ը߽罫ڸ߼ѵ֮һҲѵһغ֪ߺʲǷˣǱʣƮΪµӡȻޱ˷ܣΪ˴һ
˲Ÿߺܹڶ̶̵ļµʱͻƣټϸߺĵǴƮصĵطԲûзֶԷ
β׺ڹʧ˲Ҳعɤӣ𣺡λӭۿһı䣬л˵˵һαĽɣ
һ¼ƱҪǣɶμ֧һöƷָ֧һö鵤
Ȼߺȵ˫ۣΪģεĵһʵ̫ˣƷָǿǿ󰡣ֵƱʹƱҲҪⶫ̫ʵˣ˭ҲԸƱ
˵Ǹ鵤ǵҩбȽʵõģֵڽָϣ˵ɴĴ۶ɵģʹô˵ض澳޺ѸΪһһ߷ô˵ضΪߡ߷Ǽ˲ЧֻܽһЧ͡
Щ⽱Ƕμ뽣Ҷֵ֧ģףԷԼĵӳΪһһҲռ˫ա
ߺһЦǺưʤ˭δ֪أӮҲ˵أ
Ҫ˵ߺû߾֮ǰûģ߾ǿиߺİٱ׽Ͳʲôͨ˽׽ܿʲôܡ
ڶһֹǧ򣬵ڶ¼ذһѣƱʮ
¼һѡǰһʮƱ
ڶĽ˵һĺֹһǰ㣬ֱ֮
һĽòȣ˿ȴǰҡͷ̨ϵĸ߽ʸǣǶԴʲô
ǳһǽμҵһֶΣͨˣԼޱȣֻҪԼͿԸӦĽһ˲Ž壬ͬʱμ뽣ҷֱɳԼĽܳӽǧμӱҲӦ˷ˮ˵
߽΢Цŵ˵ͷԺ߼Ҽ֮λ˵ģ仰ڣһ򲻿ɣǺܡ
߽΢΢ҡҡͷ־ڴˣ֮ʹǽ֮λ˵Ҳܾ
أսҪʼ


36 
ʼβ׺˹ϯϵ̨࣬ţһŽһٺţ̨
û뵽ǵһøߺЩȣȻȻǶ׼һģΪһǿߣÿһ˶ʮֵĸ߰ȻԼһ㣬ҪһŶν
һŵǺɫۣݣߺԹһе꣬Ȼǽҵ죬ȻʵǸǵģֻһԽ˻ܣֲǻ˲أ
Ҽ˶ģ˶ǽͣһڽҡ岻̳ͬĳ־ÿһ˶ͼΣڲҲŽޱȣ˵ǽĺˣ˵úͱˡ
εҲ½һʱư˽꣬վ½Ķ˳ҡΪޱȣΪͻƵ𾳽磬ƿնȥΪ
˵Ľ׵ռ䣬ƿշһ˽꣬½һطγһڽ򣬴˵ΣޱȣʹΧĽⶼɵĽһ˺Ƭ
ĺôһǼأҪ֪Ϊ½ĽһǼ嶼ȫڻ¡
ڱ̨һݵӣͬǻߣӦǬڵһӣһŵӡ
̨Ķ֮ϣȨ졣һϮ۵ĽԶĽЦμοǴѪȻΪһ׳һöƷ䣬ȻҽҲȱʤҽҿɾЦˣ
ߣ¹˭֣Ż֪лҶμҵĴָҶμǷӦøлһ㽣ҵľ鵤أĽЦһɫ˲䣬ɭȻĿŽࡣ
˺ˣλˣʲôʱɽׯųЦǺǵĳԲ֪һ߸ϵı飬ͺڽѵԼһѵˡ
ĽǺεһ棬ʲôݣҺǳ龳ǿߣԵЩ֪ߵغˡ
ŭһгƽһأǺߣһͨĺߣͬߺһ˽Ƶĺߣ˵С֮Եֿģæһȥǿһˡ
ĽЦɽׯǿҵˣɽׯ֮ˣȻһصҵƽƽ
֮ɫ࣬뵽ԼƷɽׯĳϣǾſе˵ȥڿҲ˺Լ
̬ԵӣɫӸߵ˵ׯڱչصĽҪͷ뼸λһŹ֤ˣ
λ龳߳ЦһʼǾͶԻɽׯˣԼΨһһޱȣѹǣھȻһص߾ƽƽ϶ɳˣǶǼȵӡȻųɿޱȣʴʣҪ뼸龳ƽƽδ̫Դˣұα佣μҾб뷨
Ϊƾһ߿ҵƽƽʱ̵Цʮ꣬һɱصĹһ˵ɱ棬ͬΪǿߵļ˻˵ֻһߣѾŵĲܶˡ
һڵĶʣ˵һصҲʸҵǰţ䣬ӵĸȣ׷׶䣬һ˵ϡ
ɫǺվڵת֮⽥һ㵭ĺɫǻɽׯĻƹеĻƻ
γɵͬʱͷ֮ҲһƣǻƹеһУлƽۼеĻԪأγһƣѹȥնֵĹ壬ǿޱȡ
ŵһ˿ЦôҶ֣˵նŵеĳʣʱֳǰѽȫò˽ȫɻɫƽɣзޱȣ·ڴܱ룬˽ȴޱȣŵһ˽ϵĲͺһ㲻ϵڿߡ
Ʒߺ΢΢Щ죬ǳйΪĪĽᲢã˵ڽʽչģǳһ֡
ϷսѾӰ쵽ˣе˰սԱûжֹϾжڹ۲Ϸս֮ײײԼġ
ΪǿͷϵĻѸŵѹȥƺȼˣ˿˿ȵĻ
ŵһƬɫĹâдЩâ任һɫߣЩ߷׷ƬƲҧȥߵÿһڶһƬƣƬڶ̶̵һӾͱɵЩ߻ҧȥ
䣡һɫ޴ȭӰϹȥͬһɫһ㣬Щߴķ顣
˵Ŀⶼβ׺ϣôעӣβ׺Ȼɫʣĵˣλβսһı䣬벻Ҫƻ
β׺ŵȼ˵۾ȫעβ׺ϣָѹһȫѹβ׺ϣβ׺ҲǺߣŸͬһʩѹҲôܵġ
β׺ڶѹͻȻŷ˵ƣϷͷųѹͬһ᲻ɴݡ
ζŵɲôˣβ׺ȫ¶ԷܹĺߣǲĺǿߡǿߵרȨʹʹԼĹӵһΣȫûΡ
ֻ֮нĽûб仯Ȼǲ񣬲ȴûٸβ׺ʩѹ
ˣһߵİ취͸վһ߰ɣûʸ⣡ûɣʱԲϾھͿʼ֮ľĻԼĿľ޷ˣҽϴβ׺һֵܣҲǺ龳ǿߣ츳β׺֮ϣô龳ǿߣеòԡ
ĸҷ԰ʹβ׺ܹʹҲвŸǿߣԼǴӦǶӶѣԼӦǾǶˣСװͷȴ뵽һҽ龳һὫеĳǣ
β׺֪ǶԷ֣ԼҲͬˣԼͲضѿˡתȵˣ鲻ǵ£ǵսһһٺϿʼ䣡
β׺ѣҲȻεǺǶĸλУײһٶߡ
˵߿ʼתƵ̨ϣĮûκεı飬ʹǸղԱβ׺沿ûʲô仯ͺ꺮Զһ㡣
һЦ죡֪Ƿ罣ı£ϣ㱻ܵʱҪްһһܲ˼ģ
³ϻ࣡˵ղûгĳǲָɽݺݵŵȥ
ӽĽָбŷ˵Ľֱֱųײȥžһ˲عΪŵȻһĵط
ƷĻ裬ΪһƬƬĵӰӭǵֻཻ˲ǵͱƬƬӰΪޡƬƬӰĹȥ
ţս赶ܲǲ֪ˣȤӲһ˿Ц⣬Цôĺ䣡
˵쿪ʼˣҶظͲ⣬Ϊضͽ޹ҿ㣬һ
ӱȡ£ɫлָ꺮ģδʣһ޿ɵֵĽڽͷų죬̨϶ܸоĵҪ֪Ա̨̨ʮ֮ߡ
Ҫս赶ܷĵùҵལˣ쿪ʼ趯δʵĳ˿ڸǲס֮·ʱԽơ
ĽƸûʲô·֮ܳΪȴһֽиɻĸоǵƬƬײһϵܼ䣬Щ䵽̨֮ϣֱЩΪ͵ĵӶȥҿЩڣȻĻ¾ͻڷˡ
ҲһЩùģΪʵһأڵֵЩʱ򣬾Ȼˣһ˿Ѫ֮˶ֵĿ̨ϵˣ̫ˣֻನ˺һߵЩ̨Ŀλ϶һĿס
β׺˫ֻڱ̨γһӣǺɫ͸ģӲޱȣЩ׷ױһȥ
󵶹⽣Ӱ׷׻ΪޣųЦĶԽ˵ôҾǾͿҵˣ
ֵ
̨ϣŴһεض𣬸߸ԾȥȻݺݵ򽣾ȥ翪죬Ʋɵ
࣡
ŴʳһȦȦתĶλȴһ˿λöûиı䣬Ӳ濴ͬһ©㣬ʮֵ쳣
飡
ĳͬתһ㣬ŵĳ嶼ԶԶȥ
սֵ
Ÿոأżһ㣬һߣվĵϼٳȥͬͿջһ㣬Ҳ߸𣬾ͬսʵǵ߸ߵĵŽһлΪơ
࣡
ĳֹ켣ӾϽ˸ߺңеåһ㡣
ʹµı̨ʼˣҲɵУҵĽͬķɳʧޡ
еߺĲؽһٶȣʹ˵Ӿ
ߺĲؽǽķʽ岻ͬĵطöԷ߿Ȼһ˲ǸطУǲؽ
ȻеĽǵϲϳֵĽ׿ԿڲϵĻ裬Ҳϵŵķƶȥ

ŵĵϵķе󡰻һ죬ΪޡƣȻͱˡ
һŴӵҲ飬ݺݵŵؿڵȥæõԼؿǰ
ϣ
һ̫ǿˣŵȥ̨¡
ûŷӦβ׺ʹһ֣ʤ
ŷ̨ºΪʲôͲһ㣬Ͳһ㣡
عĮ˵ΪͲһ𣿡˵գ˲ʣֻһջС
һĽ۴ӽĽ쵽Եһ룬ŵѸٳһѪۡŵ㶵Ŀϵǵۡ
⡭
һֻɵʮ彫ᱻ룡˵㲻ʧǵţתصԼλǡ
ǡƣ
ǽƣû뵽ССͱѾ˽ƣƿ̨ͨװ
̨ϵĶĽ΢΢ЩĶԽ˵Ϊʲô᲻ϧѪԭѾˣ
ĹЦô䶨˰ɣллĴָ˰ɣ
ðɣĽ΢΢һЦ˵ҼǧӮҪЩ
ߣѼӣ
ߺڿ̨һֱţֱ콫γ΢΢𣺡֪ĽҵıΣȱȿ


37 ȡʤ
һˣⲢյ㣬Ԥʾſʼս㡣
ڵһľʶԾڶǧսԵޱȣȻҲζ
ŶǧĶֻһ߶ѣڶǧֱޱȡ̨֮󣬶ԷóԼıһֵޱȣҲʮֵľ޴
߼ٵĳǧֵҲ߸߾𣬵ϵĽ졣͵һǧָֻһǱֵڶԷʧˣԶĵǱֵڵ
ǿƵˣԷʶȤûսȨ
ڵ˼սǾ͸ΪˣصϢһͷųԷȨˡ
˼ʤβ׺̨ɽصһĺŸߺʮ
β׺̨ϵĸ߽ȺݺݵĲһ£ĸǸҲݡ˵ߺǲǺ̲ܰסʸ߽磬Ҳ̲ס߽硣
߽ɳ˼һҡҡͷӦòܣʹ츳ǿҲ֮죡
ΪүʱھͿԽǸ磿˵үȻǸ߽ˣ߽ҵʱ򲻹澳磬ȥٻʱȻǺߣⲻò𾪡
үԭģʲôԭڻ֪߽Ƿ࣬һʼԼ֪ǺԼܸԼġ
ͬеĻж˵磬ָֻƽ֮˺֮ࣿͬˣ
ߺƮڵģԸߺΪ֮ʱس۷壬Ų¹ȥôܽ澳أʹߺ츳ܹͻƵ澳磬Ҳûʸⳡ䰡
Ȼ˶ǸߺȻ۾ɵôģҪͬиߺǺε
ߺβ׺Լվһ̨ȥһϮ£˫˧ףԵޱȵᡣ
Ǻܣʱ̲סȣҲ΢΢ǱԵƽ쳣Ǵǲϲ˫ֿԿʮֵļ
߽ɵıϲǲΰ룺ȻǺȻѾͻƵ澳ˣǡ
ʲôܹͻǺ°ϲѶ˷ܵĿʼ㵸
Ǹö࣬ǵĺܲˣҲǻһߣ̨ϣÿ֮ҲǻأÿһԽսţôǶأ
ž쾪ȵ˫ֽɷ飬ôܣ˫һͻ̫ˡ
ɲȸ߽ˣȻǰֱʱûȻ֪ǰֱԵĴڣкܶ໯ص߶ǰʧȥ˱Եʸ񣬸ߺֻһߣܹᵽıȨ϶ǽܹﵽġ
һ룺Ʈڵӣҵ״ӣǿǺ°ôһ룬оǳĸˡ
뵽Լıͽܸ쳣ο˷ܡڶ̶̵¾ʹﵽľ磬Ȼ˲ٵҩֳɾͽԼʦҲӡ
״Ȼÿ̨ϵļ˷ˡ
ôϹôǬڵЩ֣ΪƮڵϣȻƢ꣬ûǵƢͦõġ
ѵʶߺ֣˾ͽ֪ߺƮڵĵӣ״̲סʵ
һЦߺƮڵģþΨһһŵӣ
֣ͷЩˣԭΪߺֻͨƮڵӣڿֹô򵥰ǸߺǺųһҩʦĵӣ͸ˡ
ߺ֣ҵļӵܣôҿɲ˰֣º͵Ц
Ȼ֣ҵô飬Ȼ֪Ȼߺѡ֣ңԼȻ֣ܲˣԭְǺǣα֮ȥһΣ
֣΢Цŵ˵ͷȻԣΪˣ
˾ͽεЦǿռͷˣɺ˾ͽûõóֵĵӣͷȫռˣ
α˾ͽҲûм˲μӣҲǳһ߱ʾһ£ڵڶǰͱ̭ˣʣ˾ͽҲڵڶ̭ˡ
˾ͽȻҲǰֻڰµԶ˾ͽڵĵλΣ֣ҵĴڣ˾ͽӵмȨ˽ȴΪ˾ͽҵʵдĳƺţڻֻʮǻʳҲ֮ΪĴңδ˾ͽϡ
˾ͽȱٵǵ̡ÿһӵԼ֣ǸװҶĺߣƮڲؾǸʵĪظߡ

֣ȻǴ⣬½һȴޱȡ֣Ե޹ʵõƮԮ½˫ʮ⡣
淢˿ϵս
ߺǻɽׯһŵӣΪǻأ峤һϰߡ½ʹıкܶ˶ϲ
ʮСһ˫С۾ı²һѺֱУͬһֻ㡣
ʻ˼£ڶ氵治Ψһһһصߡ
͵ЦģҪж󲻵òøߺЩ꣬ĿĵﰡѲɸղûԼ½սһôȷԼӮˣ
ƮڵӰɣȨûãҪúõĥ㣬Ƥ˺顭뵽ĳֿĵһ㣬Ȼ쳤Ц
ߺͷϵĺԽԽࣺһﲻвɣ߰ɣ
̨Ͼͳôһֵ󣬸ߺһߵͷһ߿Ц
׳գߺʵ̲סˣôһۣһһĳȥٶȲ첻
ɣȻֹͣЦʣһֱֱߺȥҲߺ̶ȥ
ߺȥ岢ûʲôӦĶۿߺؿڲߡ¶ϲɫڸߺҪȻӣԼ⽣ɡ
ڳҪиߺʱ򣬸ߺһŤʧԭأһ̱ıһġ
ֻǰһߺǰʧ֪ãȻñһ޴
ĵһģ˸ࡣҿ飬ڵһסӣΪᣬһתߺ
û뵽Ṧǰ־ΪṦһʤģû˵͵ؼ٣޵ĺ⡣
̫ˣʸûУӰ˫һΣӰÿһӰӴ֧飬̶ƿϵĴߺĶ䡣
û뵽Լô⣬ߺЩһΣ㿪Ӱһָ̽סԷĳ
ϲǱǻɽׯĽʹޱȣ㾹ȻָסָˣɲҪҰܡ
ߺɫû˿ı仯˵ǲÿڸʲôѲǻɽׯĹ򣬰ջˣӣ
ߺָûκɫҲƽޱȣЩֻţĽ󳷣κΣʹö޷Ӹߺָн
ˣӸߺָϵĺ⽥ʧȡ֮һ㱡ıǲ㱡ϵһֱ򽣱Ӷȥ
оԼյòǽ겻ĺɿȻһµʵԼ뽣ϵĺסˣַͬںϻᱻסһ㡣
ֻܿŽϵĺӵԼϣԼ뽣һ塣
ߺ˵Ҳ˺㣬κЦ̫ˡ
˵ߺָ뿪˽תĳؿڵȥָ϶˶ǰɫģͬһ㺮һ㡣
ˣ
ȥϺɫȫɫǴĺɫǰɫ͸źɫײϣݺݵˤ˵ϡ
ʹ˻ţȴǸýĶûκα仯ȲסؿڣҲڵվ
Ǻû̺Ȼ춯ֻһĺ˻Ҳѿ˼Ѫۡ
ߺ˵ͷǽеͦŬȻôȴЦ˲١
ߺһָûʲôȴ˿˿ԲŻǿı⺮Ǵ˺ڵֻԼ类иһ㣬Լʹ
̨һӰԱߣ̽ȥǻûд壬оһϢ˳ŶԷԼӿȥ
һֺȻͨ죬һ㣬ǹɺǿǱϾǹ¾룬׵ľͱȥ
ڴ壬ʮ⣬ڵľķ֮һסˡ
ڽĽЩȫ𻯣Ȼ޸ľ
Ժͷ϶ϸ΢ĺˮϾⲻԼ壬޷ԴָƣԸղŵ˻ЩΣճ̶ȵġ
ҲҪΪǴﵽһľ磬Լ޸ڳ˵Σߺĺƺһϣηǳĸߡ
ĶŸߺ΢е˫вϵıŷ˿˿ɱߺоеѪ˿Լܡ
Сôڹ˵˿ϵɱ
ߺЦһѲɻɽׯȫôҪԼӮ˾ǹ󣬱Ӯ˾ڹô˵ǻɽׯưˣ
仰µ˵ֻɫѿ³֣
ʱβ׺м䣬дޱߵȥϣʲô˼ӮɽׯҲ磬ҿԿұ𣿻˵ôĲ𣿻߿˵ɲβ׺С
β׺ǷǳĵղŲˣôһ鲻֪ߵغӡ
꣬ɤӣһָߺʤ
Ү𣿺ӮˣӮˣֱˣܲĿۿҲ΢΢ЩǰҲǷĳƺˣǾԵţ
߽˸˲׸ߺôģԼ׵β֪ÿһ󲻸ʵÿΰڱԼΪҪ͵˵ļįӰÿα˳Цˮ
߽˵ÿһ춼ڸߺıĬĬעԼĶӣŶвʹ࣬絶ʣΪ
ֹ߽סеᣬΪĵЦݣӳˣԼж֤ˣԼһһǴ棬Ǹǳ̲Ĳ
ܣܡ²ܲվ߸ߺ͵
ߺ΢΢β׺һͷصԼλãȻϤĺȻף۾ڸ߽˵ϡ
ףǸ磬¸磡ߺתβ׺ǰܷȥһˣ
β׺Ըߺӡ󲻴΢Цŵһͷս֮ǰУӻֵܳΪȨ
ллǰߺ΢΢һ磬˲ʧԭأ߽ڵĵطԾȥٶɵľ벻ʮӱϵˡ
ףǸ磬¸ôˣߺͷһԵôԼѾǸûˣֵʮּ
ʲôʱ澳ģ߽΢ЦĸߺʵߺԼϵĲ֪Լĸ鲢ûڱֳôƽ
ߺһЦһ֮ǰոͻƣ
˵ıȫˣһͻƣô˵ߺֻ±ͻƵ˻澳硣
츳߽֪ľַش֮ԱտڲߺΪˡ
ǵƲڸ߽磬ҲһֱŸ²ʸߺΪĻ
ڿ̨֮ϣߺһԼãɢ֮һۡ


38 
ʱ磬ѾȥˣһҲֻʣʮһ˱̭ˡʤȻǸ˲ѣߴǷ߳˱䳡
ҲЩʺõߣڿ̨ϣսȻһûǵλˣҲֻ漷һˡ
ʣʮˣʼնǵɼڽһѡȻʣĶʮѡһ˵ˣֱӽһѡ
ʣʮˣǸ˵ѡˣʮѡһսɹ֮ԳΪǿʮ֮һǳɹˣ㻹ʮ˽бԡ
һͿѡǿˣ˷ֱսͿѡǰˡʣľ߱ԣÿʤһһֵĻ֣ÿһ򲻱ֵ֣ľǵȥ
翪ʼбߺȥˣսڵʮ棬Ʈڲ֮ɽׯˣˣǬڰˣ½֣˺ҸҵĽ죬μҵӵܣǽ
µĵӾͿԿƮǬڣɽׯʵԶ˺ܶ࣬Ǵû˸Сڡ
ĴΨһһֻŮӵţڵÿһŮҲûòкܶ཭Ұ´ѡڣ˵ڱʵǲǿҪĵӣһɲСʵ
̨껪սԷһصǬڵӣ껪˵Ͳս껪ûγһƱ㽫Ǭڵӻܡ
β׺ǬڵǷϵУ껪̨Ʈ̨֮ϵļƮڵæӭӡ
ʦֲΪ洫ӣֻһƱ㽫Էˣ˵Ʈһӣ۷Ϊ
ȻӦҲУҲǻ۷Ϊص˵ôԸҲʮˣ
껪ҡҡͷҲܸսҲǽ죬ǧɽׯ˼ˣ
Ȼǧصľ磬û˸СˣΪҵλڼ֮боӢӻҪߡҸոսͷŵĽƣûˡ
ǧؼ壬Ϲȶμҵλڽ졣Ǹ˼껪СˣԷΨһһӵлŵĲߣҾղŵıԣ껪ʵԲԷ
ʱߺһԣ˫ֱ磬̨ϣɫĮҪϼˣһƮڼѻȸĿȫעڸߺϣгʡ
ߺͷ̨ϵ˵㣬̨λߣǿ׳ޱȣ߰˳ߣһīɫ¶ʵ¶Ƥɫͭɫģ˲أÿһض·ϵļᣬӦһǿߣ¯ĵزˣ
ߣֻһŵӣʴʣΪҵȻû˵ķݣӦߺԸӿߺŵӵݣοߺŶײ澡ʧ
ܵľǣߺȻһֱ߹ʺˣ뵽ʮ֮С
ߺӦ裬û˵һ仰һԲע̨ϣߺдԶ˵ΪܶԱ˵㿴ޱ͸
Ӧͬ껪ÿһ˶иߺܹԻһصΪߵһ϶ʹȻߺ˵⻰֮˵۹ⶼʼ̨עӡ
ӦһȻûԼȭͷֱϵȭͷֱ졣
̨ϵǸ嫣κμӵܣһĶǾڵһӣֺֽ
ڵĵŵӲһǽ뾲ڵĵӶԭ֣֡ΪϺתԻԼ֣ҲԼŴ֡
ȻƮڲͬŲûкĵӣ򵽴ﾫӢӡڵĵɾӢӵŵӵǣΣᣬ֣㡣ÿһŶԾֿͷλ֮ͬһӶϣŽоڡ
֮⣬ڻһص㣬ÿһڵĵӶֱֻһǱһذס
¾ֺڵֺҲ£ǻصΪԼڶʮңݣ߲ߡ
ֺ𣬾Եͬһһ㣬Ǻ
ҽ嫣˷ϻ˵ʼսɣ嫵ޱȣͬһ㡣
ֺ΢΢һͷԼĳ廯һ嫱ȥͬʱһꡱ
ֺĳһƬƮ嫣Ҳۼȫ޷ԤĽĹ켣
嫿Ʋã˫΢ף͵һϵĵذ̻Ϊޣ嫵ӰҲʧԭأ߿ո߸Ծ𣬼ɡ
ֺһȻˣݺݵĴڵϡû뵽һȴ̺ž޴Ĵ͸ֺĳû룬ֻʣ½ڵϡ
ξͿҵĹɣ׷¡ڿˬȻһЦ˩Լ˳ȻһǴ̼ޱȣ˸˸⡣
Ǵ嫻ȦȦת嫵߸ߵ»ȥǴĵϣķˣƿ
ֺʶãͺȣ顣ֺĳһšذ̳һԲֺҲƮȥ
䣡
ǴݺݵôڵϣϷԲһ̱ǿɷ飬漸һ㡣
嫵֧أͷЦһȻһǿġ濴ң͵̧ͷϧֻһƬѣȻ鷳أ
ߡֱ۷һ˦Ǵųֺٷȥٶȷǳ֮죬ǴĦ˿˿ǣϺǳͬһһ֡
ôٶֺֻܲԼһСꡱ
ϣ
ֺĽݺݵĻɳȥײϣƮȥ̲סһ˿Ѫ
껪˲òŸߺˣղʹõÿһǶûдӶԷϸܵĲȫõȻһߡ

һߺӦֵߺˣȴͬӦӦһϲĵһҪѪϴҵĳ裬ߺǿҲҵĶ֣ˣ
껪εĿЦ̾Ϣʦܣ֪ǿ¹㻹ǽʤøʦܰɣϾǻߣ˵ҲȡøõΡ
껪ȻΪߺˣ껪ܣƮڵҲͬĵ˵ͷǿߺǿҲһߣӦǻߣٲҲȸߺǿɡ
Ӧ⻰֮Ŀ˸ߺһۣĵǷڹؼʱǱν㿴壬˭ӵš
ߺ⻰һЦɫ˲úޱȣ۾ͬеһ㣬ֻǿͽ˾ޱȺ䡣
ߺ³֣һƾʵɣʤңȻøܣͲҪҸߺˣͬһ󺮷紵˵ļ䣬˾Լķ·𶼱סˡ
ߺҲûǼ˳תʧԭأһ̱䳡ϱ˸ߺӰ
껪ɫ࣬ߺȻôԼӶɲأǸҪЦһÿ񰡣ΪԼ޵ˣ
ӦвһϲԭԼĥߺ껪᲻赲Ͼǰߺʱ껪赲ˡû뵽ߺ˲֪ߵغ񣬵껪ôһ껪ӦþͲ赲Լĥߺˡ
뵽ԼԽеĥߺӦкû򣬾ͼææĳϱ̨ߺϵЦ
̨ϣŻں껪ʦ֣ˣߺĿͷԡǴҲ֪ΪãҲΪźã
ʵ˵û껪û˽ģ˵ӦĹϵͲôãƮڣƮʵ翷壬˵翷Ʈľʮֵļңҳ̶ӾǶս
ӦǾ翷ĵ֮һԼûʲô飬һ
иߺҪ֮ԭһǣĳӦߺԸڳ»ܾ衣翷ΪأԼȻӦг𣬵ζƮ˵ȴһܷ
翷վˣԸղ˵˵㣬ټϸߺ˱͹°ִ
һ㣬˼ǿɲˣΪʲôߺһ˼ҵӶûϣһĲðװˣ
ɫ죬ߺʲôʱ˼ҽĳޣ˾ͽͲ֪ȥ
һЦҾ˼ҵٱƮڸߺŪˣ᲻ٴҲ簡
ʱӷ˹ᣬ֣Ϲ˾ͽϹ֤θߺڹ˼ҵ֣֮ɹ˼׸
Ȼ󣬺ӷͲ˵ˡ
üͷһ壬е㲻ߺ뵱ԼƮ֣Ʒ˸ߺߺԼӶôô׵ĴӦӷأ
˾ͽӷȫȻ⳥£֪ܲӷ뷨æǹ˼ҵʧܣô˼⳥ߺƱ
Ȼ򣬵˵ͷеСӵ磡
ͷ亹ͬʱ˾ͽôһҲ֪£ȤĿŹǡ
ߺ޲ѣĵƥûϹʲôκˣʹԼ˶ˡ
Ϊ˹˼ҵδҲ˲ôˣ˵ߺ䲻ʮ꣬Żһصľ磬֮ǰߺϵͻƣһ£ߺس۷һ۷徳磬ٶȿ޵С
սǿޱȣʱܹ׻ܻ澳ߣŻߵʵڸߺȻ澳磬Ÿߺлصʵ
Ϊ˼ãô˼ҿܾͿԳΪһңưҲʲô¡
Ǻĳ־ģżλеǴӦߺⳡʤҹ˼ҵһšҶһ۵Ļҹ˼ԸһڶΣ
ֵ࣬Ľ˼ˣһѡҲôˣÿһҶԼĵпܳΪһһһռôˡ
ǣϾֻײ񣬶ڼ˵ڻ¡лԥǺ˺ģ׻˵᲻úײסǣ᲻ײסɫǡϵĽָһټΣһССĵҩС
һȻѹֲסеľȣĵʲôȻǹ鵤
鵤˼ǹΪĵҩž鵤ٺòˣ鵤ʮѸΪʱΪ鸡ȣ˵Ǵɡ
ǹ鵤ȫֲһȱݣЧǹ˵Ϊ˵һԡ
ָ򶨣ĶԼ˵ͬ⣬ʲô뷨ĽһЦҲͬ⣡
½Ȼ׹˼ڴʲô⣬ǼͬһȻȫ顣
˾ͽ֣ҲͬˣߺҪ׸һܹù˼ҴѪֶΪأǲΪߺ䡣˸顣
һ£˵Ҫ
ȻͬˣǾʹʹİɣͷͬˡ
һĽƷƱƷָһö鵤һ鵤һ
⽱˷ˡ


39 ɽơ׳ɽ
̨ϵȫĿɿڴ۾͹ղϢ̫˾ˡ
ڸղţߺδӦ֮ʱβ׺Ȼ䶯һ£ֱĶ棬ʲôԾ飬Ÿߺһۡ
˴ԼӣڽˣɤӣŬԼڿʼһĽʼԭеĻϣټ϶Ʊټһö鵤
β׺һŸߺα֮󣬸ߺһ
ߺ˫һУΪΣ
ľ˵˼ҵĶԹԼβ׺һϣŸߺ
ߺ΢΢Ц˼ңΪҿɻǺѪأҽ͵ʴף
ԷӦɲܸߺ뷨ʣ˼£潫ӣǿشյش
ĵ˻治ٰûл֮սˣ㽫ΪӦ˵ЦĿŸߺԶǷ
ߺЦѣԼô˭һ
ҪǵÿûǸˣߺӦмڹˣڸߺӦֻһС㣬һֱԼǰȥЦ֮
̨֮ȫ۷׷ף
˵ߺʤж٣
ҿɣҪ֪ĶֿƮڵŵӡӦ
ʲôɣֻʹȻߵزþˡôһһСָ˵⻰ˣһصˣ鸡ӦǸոͻƲá
˵Ӧ˽׶ŽԴ˽ǿУͨĻض֡
ЩŵԽսͬԷһ򵥣Խս˲ŲԶԶǽӿɱģ

ɡӦ̫СߺˣûκνУֻôֱֱߺȥȻûκνУǻ۷ͬһ㣿
һȥͬһɽһߺѹȥһǻ˵ϣ̾ͻᱻ룬ʹöֿҲᱻ
Ӱ
ߺһŤԭʧ漴Ӧơ
ɽҡ
ƾĿռ䣬׷ױǿķ飬ϵпƼѹȥγһǿƷ硣
Ӧ֪ߺһδЧԸߺʧʱоһƷ磬֪ߺں档
һУ
Ӧתһһ£ʯֱֱȥͬڿһߣͣٶȼ죬޷赲
ϣ
ɽĳݺݵײһǿƽ֮䱬ܵĿ˲䱻飬˷׷׺ˣÿһʯ֡
ӦɫޱȣԼеĳȻ޷˺Է˿ߺվĵѪû£˵ߺûˡ
ŽƮ˽׶ֻǱ֮ӣʸ˹洫Ҳʮ֮
˹ǲбҲֻܵ˽׶ֻǲбҲ˽׹Ĺ걾Ӧòֹͨ׹
һŽĵһȻŽĵһǽ֮¯ĵزˣֻһһͨĻ޵ǸߺȻ已̥赲˿ûˡ
ô£ôûˣӦޱȶĿŸߺеķߺ뼵ۿɼ
ߺԼƣָһֱİӡɼҸоϻġ
⻹֮Եʣ壬ԼٵóһɼǵĽˡߺ˫սʤ㲻治ΪƮӵĵӣ
ߺеս⣬ӦԽﲻԽǷŭΪܵסһУ赲𣿿Ц֪
ڿл˼ӦЦŽһʤһҿܵס
һУ
裡
𣡡
ҿ񣡡
ĺХ
ǧ٣
ӦһͬһֻʣڿлߣŸߺȥĽֹڿл߰Ľûлĵ϶ǿҵĽһֱߡ
ذһһĽֳۣЩһһǿ
ٶ֮죬ȲϣǰõӹС
Ӱ
ߺ弱ȥȻȲٶȣۿŽԽԽԼ׷ϣǾͻ̱г߶Ρ
ߺкһȻ㲻ȥǾӲƴҵҪŽҵĺɽǿ
ӿ
ǿϵĴӸߺӿߺǰγһƲɵıˣǵ֮ѹȥ
̣
뽣ײϵĻײĽڱ֮ϣ̶ļ

˲ϵıǽʵ̫ˣȻ˺ޱȣ˲٣ǽȻͻ˱˵׻֮ߺȥ
ǵ˶ΪޣʣȻޱȣȴߺС϶
ת˫֮ϣߺÿ϶оŵ
ֽߺյֽתʮ˲ÿһ㡣
ۣ
ߺÿһƵԷһȫУΪޡ
ʲôȻƵҵĽӦɫҲôȻˣǱþޱȡ
ߺһѶͷѾ㺹飺ҿڿˣȻĻɽƿ²Ķְ
ֿ˿̨µβ׺β׺Կ֪˵˫֮ûпسܣ
ǿͨǿߣܳΪ츳ߡ츳߻ڲͬĽ׶Σѳͬ츳
еǿеǼǿ֮
ֽõϣͿԿ츳½˳Ϊۣ֮Ǽǧ겻һ츳ѳ츳ٶǿ󵽲˼زˡ
Ҳмʵģһ츳Ҳһ֮츳ġ
ߺԭͱȱǿö౶ִĹּǿ󣬶һԲϵǿܹ֮۲֡
ȥɣӦѾˣԼԭôԼǿĽģǸߺǰı֪ߺʵ̫
δվ쳤һסߺȻԷԼڲˡû뵽㲻㡣ԼǿŽȻøߺûκΰ취
ң
Ӧİεضֳ֮һ߷Ӱӡ
ӰӸһɣ壬ͷм䳤һ߳ýǣͷɢڱϵָһ߳
ߺüͷǣӰֵͷ˼ԣ˵еĹ˵״ɫȻǧٹ֣ͷģз޶ģ޽ŵģеͷ棬ͷȴ߳ӦӰȻǹ
Ȼߺе֣ȵĵޣ
ޣŽеĵ߽ԭҵʵʹãǿʹãʹ֮ѾܿƵˣʱɲҪңӦ𣬲˵ͬһ㣬쳣̶
̨֮껪ЩģӦһ쵰ľȻŽеңиѳ˻Χˣߺôһ⣬ŵһʧ
뻯أһޣ˵ؾӤĻô߰ĺӣߵͲһϡ
һصأŹˡǻصǻΡΪΣ
ǿһĵز״ȻôС̶ǿ̶ϢϢء
ӦӰӣȻ״黯ޱȣкܶϸϵĵطʾĲ
Ʃ磬޵۾ͿĲǺ֡
Ӧ˫ָ߸߾𣬺ݺݵȥ
ֻ޽СںϵһУӦȻǰɫģǹɫҲһֱֱˣǲŤġ
ߺ˫ۣһ⣬ڸߺб©ٳ
Ȼܿ㣬ȴΪŤǲϱ任ģ޷һƵ
ǧѰ
ߺһΣͬӭε֦һ㣬ǵŸߺ߷ɹȥˡ

ߺȻûǵУǽķ绹ǽ·˺һĿӡ
Լ·ϵȱڣʹУߺ΢΢ҿһޱȡ
ղŽʱоԼ񱻹һ㣬ʱԼı紵һ㼦Ƥ
ߺ˫΢ȻǾ͵óԼ־ˡ
ڸߺ뷴ʱһХӱ𡣸ߺ΢΢һ𡰸Ӱ廯һ߶ȥ
Ȼǵַɻˣߺоʼȴ˲١
ԭǵԺûʧٶȻһ޹ȻֻǵŤĽŸߺ
һνٴλգߺ̣ǵɫĽŤȻԽԽٴγΪǸޣ޵Ӱȴ˺ܶࡣ
ߺСһɣӦڿпЦ
Ǹ޵ӰһΪߣֻ޽ϸ߽ٶߺȥ
ÿһǰݵĽǿҵһһߡ
ߺ˫´˵ĻҾֻ㿴ʵˡ
ʵղŸӦսֻ߳ɵĵơ߾һûʩչء
ضɽҡɽˮӿ
ߺƣһθߺʹ˰˳ɵߵĵߺ
ߺķɹߺ˫һĹâ׳ɽӣ
Ÿߺڸߺ֮ⲻϵתԽתԽ죬ԽתԽ󡣾ҲܵһƵӰ죬ıתļѹѹһĿӡ
ӱڹ⻬ӲȻǱѹȥģƬʯǱѹʵˡ
Ҫ̨֪ʯɵģɲͨءҼѹƬʯֻ̨һƵγɵƷѣĺ
һƵĺʯ̨ȥһɶˣʮϡ
Ҫ֪ѹƻѶȴʮ
һǺɽеĵھƣҲһơǸߺǰͻȻԼʹһˣΪûùԻЩ裬Ը⽣Ҵ´ˡ
ǿɴСͬһСɽһ㣬˿нס̾뼤
䣡
ֻӵ˲䣬㱻Сɽƻķ飬ǵƻʣɣ̱ڵϵӦȥ
ոþʱӦ䵽ϡ
ŽȻǿޱȣĵҲǳ޴󣬸ο߽þˣѾûڿƯˡ
˾޴ƣӦɫģʦ֣ߴ磡ߴүҴˣŹҰɣǰǰ䣬벻Ҫɱң
β׺˲̨ϣۣǰ档
ͣ
ûβ׺ʲôֻһߺһƱʧȥ
β׺֮ϸһıһߺ⻹ǸߺûȻĻβ׺ҪסһҲôɣҲһЩ


40 Խ

β׺һı£β׺ûһ˿˵ĺۼֻЩãǱ׳ɽӳײɵġ
Ӧܴһƣɣβ׺̾ոȣӦȻһʬ
һ֣ߺʤβ׺˫һֵʤܡ
ȫȻû뵽ʵ͵ĸߺʤ
Ҫ֪ӦǷ֮Žһ˶ûĽ£Ҫ˵ӦŽе
ңһЩص߶ûĽȴߺһƻ⣬ߺ֮ɼ֪
߼Ȼ˷ޱȣ߽ο˵Ӹ߼ңȥ£ΪڿյǸҲƣ鲻Խ
ȫİ߼˵ıԵЩࡣĻһˣǾ֣ҵ֣ա
ģ磬Ҿ֪ǸӲĶ֡ôҷŸƨܱ㣬Ǻ磬XXOOġ֣յۻޱȣ֣ҵͨ죬Ϊôһоޱȡ
̨ЩղŴʴʣ͸ߺȫĶȺСǸ˵Լһָͷܽߺˣһ㣬ߵĶܵ˵ıӡ
⾪ȵͶղˣ˫૵ʦ֣οˣСӲһأ
껪Ҳ૵ĶűˣԺʸʶĴ֣һгƺʸ񡣡
һĴڲ֮б֮Ϊа׵Ƕű̺ڵĵӡǼҡ죬ǶŷħڡȺⲻǶʵ¥ǡǹϡ
껪ΣôԸߺأղԼøߺԼ˳ִ֮û뵽ߺʤˡ
̨֮ϣ࿴ŹȫڵЦĽȻûб¶棬˫еЦ⻹ɼ
ɹܲô࣬쳤Ц֪˼һǲƮӦĶˣ
ţøлһ¹ϼԱ֧֣֣ϵº͵΢ЦдЩĿ⡣
л˼ҶԴ֧֣ȫ˫ֹȭŹ˵
ȴĻ˵ˣڹǶڹҶܲܳɹҲûôˡ
ҶʹǿҲӦʵ൱ӦǸߺһ֮УôҶҲͲǸߺĶˣҡ
һֱעŸߺߺûʹùκһֻֽеǱֽƽ
ɲΪߺĳǰƷΪһߣǲκ׸ġ
ĽȻŹǣͷų޾ѹͬһɽݺݵѹڹϣԼˡ
ɽ֮ơļλȫ󾪣һû뵽ĽȻܹʹǲ֪ҪԹʲô
ɽ֮ͬһ㣬Ƶһ֣ơɽơɽ֮
ϹϹʲô½˫ӷվɫѿޱȡô˵ǶԼѣ˿̹ǱˣôֽкܴĶҪ֣˾ͽһԻأ
һľ֮ϢϵĴӺӷӿڰγһľܣס˶ĽɽһĿ⡪Ǻӷľ֮⾳Ȼӷ㲻ʹľ֮⾳֪ǿٱ
ǣ񲢲һɣ۾ȻԲĿͬһʵľɢĽâֱֱľܴȥֻһۣǸľķѡ
Ľ뽣ĿҲ֮ʧˣأĽ˵⻹ǲƿԱģ
ӵĿ˶ĽһۣȻ˵ǵȻΪƾʲôԻؾͿԳΪĺ֮һ
ѵΪʣ
һԭ򣬵ɲҪ˲Ĺź࣬ڲĺ֮а˴ӣǺųĺ֮ǿߣÿһź龳ΪұЩϼһﲻҪЩ֮ϣѶȿֻ֪ϵƣͲܣ
Ѳɽ졭
ӵн⣡
ĽɫһӳȥԼμ躹ô꣬һһ£ĺû뵽Խˡ
̨ϵβ׺ֲ̾˲Լأԭ˶ԼһƣһԽ뵽֮з
β׺ˣ̨ϵļڶˣ˾κˡ
ԭǺ龳ʵں龳ǰһ񶼽Ӳ£
û̫ǿˣֻܽѹ飡
ߺĿſе˳˼Ľƿòͬʽȿַֿ񷢳
ٹԼĽƣֻðνʱ򷢳Է˲ֹһǰ㡣
ΨһԼõģҲıƣʹʱȴĺܴ󣬸ߺֻڶɽׯʱʹһΣԼͷۻ
Ҳǿˣֻһ˿Ҳûκ׵ĽԷܣԷûκη֮
ҪϸĲһ½ˣǿȴĹܾáǾһ½ưɣߺ̾
ƣ˵һֿ᲻ԴĶޱȡع֮ͨһ־磬Ը֮Կ֮ʣ
ֻ֮һ˿˿ͿԽ顣
ߺϸϷսͷβһ˿©Ķ뵽˿龳磬˿š
龳磬һֿľ磬͸Уѧϰȸػǿʮֹ
Ϲ˵ĸһĽ᲻˰ɣĽ͸¶˿˿ɱ
Ҳ˼ν˵еĽָһѾ÷ڽָеĽ˳
ɫһһ죬ص³һѹȻᣡȻԷˣκԼߵ˼ǶԷĶ֡
ĽȻܶԷǲǾ裬¹Լ棬κһ˶ΪԼӵܹõһ鵤ϹŵҩȻҪȡ֡
ҩҲּ֣ŷΪƷƷϾϹŵҩˡҩʦҲܹƷҩ鵤鵤ƷҩϹŵҩ
ʹϹŵҩҲҪûϹŵҩ䷽Ҫ֪ҩ׵ã䷽ʮѵãųɵϹ䷽ʷС
ʣµһһ󲿷ֲϹżвֻ֣һСȨƺʵУҪȡø졣
ʹȡ䷽ԼûӦʵͽ޹ջЩǴУԼҲⲻ˱š
ϷѾЭˣǸߺڿ״̬۾棬ûһ˿ɣǸߺкβ׺Ϊء
˱˰龳綼ûһο龳磬Сֻһأܹ뵽˾磬컯β׺Ȼ֪ڸߺϷʲô־ǲԱŵģȻĻˣΪȫޣɷˡ
ļˣ뿴ıû뵽ûʼȫڿһˡ
ֵ֣ĵСôˣѵղŵսˣ
ԣ˫ųâӽ뵽˿龳磡
˻һķԾɽׯиǷų˿˿ɱ治γһһͬѪɫɫƲʡ
ɽׯƮڱͬˮڶԷоȻһţԽսٶҲΪˣԻɽׯɲһϢ
뵽ΣգҪɱҡߺҪңֻ㲻躹ޣ
ΰɱߺʱ򣬺Ȼоһ˿˿ȵϢԼΧ
֮죬֮״γ֣ȴΪߺֵģߺӦ԰
СҾ㲻Ҫʲô⣡ȻĻȥ·̫ܲƽأ˻в֮Զ׼ȴΥԷ
Ҳ̰֮ĵˣһҲɲʲô
뷨֮սǿǾʤĹؼؾصĸмֻһصߣ֮һץһѵģͲʲôϡ֮ˡ
ԣΪԼϷɱߺ
ֻǾڸߺܹ龳磬Ҳֻлһصϲٹע뷨ȴӦڽһ˽׶ҲĴ󲿷ֶԲΪ֪
ǱÿһжŽʮƣֽؾŽ
ǾŽֱǡһС衱𡱡ĺҿ񡱡ĺХǧ١ߺҡ˺񾪡źǬ
Ҳʮƣֻһһݣ֮һģһжһģһ
˼ؾŽʮǿŽһǿ󣬶߲־ƣҲ˵ƣ᲻ǡ
˫ų⣺һ׽һ׽ֻһЩ˸ֳ룬˽׶ôٶ׳
׹ʮѵõģǽе׽ҲһǽġལⱾ׳õˡһǽġ׽ڽǴ˽
ǽݺһôҺܿɾ׽ˣһʵǿ١

ߺڸоԼһһɺ۳ɵĽƯš
֮֮ƲϵںϵߺڣоԼԽԽ񽣡
ߺ˫ۺȻֳɽָһ㣬һޱȵĽ˳Ÿߺʳָָذͬһȥ̳һ׵ĶǶвϵðһ㱡ı档
ߺһϲԽƣǴδıԽơӦԼıԵʰɡ
ҲΪͬԣɱ¾ƣƣƣľơ
ȻȻԽơ
ʲôԣԺƽΪʲôԡ
οڸߺ˱֮ƣȻʹߺĺģ
ڸղŽ뵽龳磬ԸߺٶҲ˲٣ڸߺΪֻһͿԽˡ
ŶȻԽƣСӵ츳̫ˣܹƣ½ΪҲܹͣ뽣ңõܴŶҽҽṩ˽׶ΣԸߺ΢΢ЩȤǾ仰Ƕ˵ģԴҲԸƮʮ˽뽣꣬洫ӵܼģ
ʮ˵ģнĿеһɽûκһСңһܹܵȫôĽΪɺ
ߺôһţߺѾﵽһؾ硣ںͻŵӵս
ߺǿԵȵ׵ģнΪŵӣһͻ㣬ѡǺܲӵģеʱмڳ棬һӢѡ
ȻҪΪŵӱͨսԸߺڵʵȫûģʱߺͿԼѡ
Լ״ӣߺпܳΪԼƮĵӣôһŽ뵽Ʈ壬ô֮󣬸ߺΪǵʱԼƮпܳΪһ塣
ң뵽ߺƢЦʹܻʵ䷴СӲκһܹģԸ
ʮֳԾֻβ׺̸̸ˡ


41 ߣ̭ߣ
ߺоһԼĽƣ֪ڵĳ̶Ȳһɽơ
ҲǿģƵǿƻǿڸߺĽֻһɽƣƻʮֵĴ󣬶ղſĽȻﵽ߳ɽƣзĽƾͿ׵Ľߺܡ
ȻƸߺֻһɣǸߺıȴﵽɡڸߺĻ꺣У겻ϵɢźеֶһ
ԴӸߺĽǸ־ĪĶһһˡֵ״
ߺǱˣֻԼ˼֪ˣﾪ̾һ֣ߺȷȫγɵʱǸߺͿԴﵽԲơôɱɽ⣬ǾҪʱ֪ˡ
ˣûȥɣҪбأβ׺Ÿߺ˵
ߺȥˣʼ
ߺص֮껪εĲ֪Ըߺ˵ʲôƮڵҲЦߺҲ֪˵ʲôˡ
껪̾һϵĶԸߺԲʦܣҴˣҲС㣡
һȻֵ³ߺʵʦΪźãϾ
⽫껪е뷨˸ߺߺȻܹ⣬ֻո껪˵Ļʵֵ̫ˣڼȻԷǸˣԼôԵԼСˡ
ߺһֱų̋ߺ֣еʱ⿿Լǲġ֮࣬ԼҪȡ̡
ǧĶһ½ҵӣֽ½㣬һϹĸ֣һȷˣҲƾȷΡҲǻ۷صΪֻ벽ͿԽء
½㿴ŶǧһЦǶμ֪ܵסҼأ
ǧޱ飺ǲСҵҪжȻΰҷУҲˡģ
һƬӰǧȥ½Цһˣ
ÿһӰߵ÷飬һƬӰʮӰƾˡ
ߣǧֻ߳Ⱦͽ½߳⡣һȽʮӰ߳ޣڶȽ½ˣ½ؿڡ
½㵹ɳȥؿҲһߵݽȥзӦعǱˡ
ûβ׺ǧתߣǷ˵ʲôܽȣҪܽȶܣҾ䣡
ߺеսͬһ㣬ȼգǿƣ
껪Щ˵ƣûƣߺ˫ۣһصĹͨӶԼĹģѹĲԽߣģ֮ѹҲԽ񡣵ȵͻƵʱ򣬾Ϳв֮
˵Ϊ껪ȸߺǿһЩҲһЩֵ⣬껪ȴһȵϸߺ
ڸߺѾһ۷壬ͻƿߺǰͻһ־磬Ҳ߾硣ֻҪ߳һѶȴһĴڱͻƵ澳绹Ҫ
Ǭڴ˴ǿĵӡ컪Ҳһⳡսǧսʱ䳤˲١
ΪĶһ֣ҵӣֽ֣֣ǿļ֮һΪǻ۷壬֣ҵꡣ
˵֣ĵڶӣ֣ӣ֮ص֣׹߲ǹ֣ĳӡ֣ףҲμαҸԼĵܵһҲѧϰ֣ҵ߲ǹ
֣֣ҳΪǿƵĵӣ֣һӣǻ۷Ϊոհ˺Һ֮֡
κҳΪĵӣΪҲڻ졣
컪ʹõһ˫ֳޱȣǷڿУͺܽеĿи룬ӦƷ
֣еһ˳ǹǹ߳ߣǹŴ͸һеϢǹ˽һִϸʮԡ
һֱ̨ӿ򣬲û˵ʲôϻ

֣ǰһǹһǹƽˣǹ֣趯ݺݵ컪ȥΪˣͬһ㡣
컪ܣȴһױȵİԼΧҪ֮ǽҪѺܴҪʱҲܳʱǹѵǽδƣһǹֻӲӣͱ޿ɱܡ
ˡ
У
صڿУգþòɢȥϮϣ֣һи񵲶ȥ
ˣâˣһɲƣֱֱķϮȥ
ϣ
컪תȥ֣ȴ³ʮ֡
˾ȣϾ컪Ӧ½ˣ֣ȴӦǵɳȥˡ
оǹͬµģ߲ǹһһɱһһԡÿһ죬߲޿赲˶赲
ܽת߲ǹ߻һô׹ơԷ컪Ƶ׹
֣أΪʱĻѾѣ˿˿ѪոȻ컪ˣǱϾ컪ǺͬߣҶԷĹеǿ߲ǹ׹
컪еĳƷбޱ赶ҲǼǿһֵ֮˵Ѷȿ֪
ɨ
֣ǰһ΢ףǹ컪ɨȥ
ӳǹбŷһɳǹӰŷ컪ɶȥǿһɿ磬ɳʯ
֣ǹƺһɳŷ컪ɨȥһɱһлҪǽŷ컪ѹȥ
컪ɫࣺУ֣Ҿ׹ˣ˱޿ɱܣ
У
Ȼ޿ɱܣǾӲһͬеаһ
Ҫ֪˶̱֮Ͱޱȣһ׵УûаĴڣǵı컪еĵӭ֣ǹɨȥ
ԣ
âɢİͬǿҲ൱һʱ֮ѷʤ
ʱҪˣ컪õǿƷ֣еֻƷǹһȼ
һȼǿɾ֣֮ǹһɳȥǹ֮ϳһȱڡ
˳ԭķɨȥâ֣ĵâʹ֣ĺë

û˿ԥ֣ǰһǹɨĳȥֻһǹ㽫컪ĵء

㣡
֣Ʋˣּǰеĳǹǹ˸ֲʵ߲ǹеġʽҪԻԷʹԷ֪ǹںδκινʵ
컪޷ֱǹƣͷֲ峤ǹںδֻǼ
ո˻ǹʧޡֻʣĵ㺮컪ͬںҹֱֱ׹µһ
ʮն
˳ĵķ򣬷컪˲
ϣ
紵ɳսȫɳס޷
ãɳɢȥ컪ԵŵأԶĵط֣ڵţڴѾûվˡ
ΪģԲһȥѡ
һ֣ȻǷ컪ʤ
м˽˼Ѿ̭һ󲿷ȥˣڻʣ¶ʮˣֻ˼ƮڵһŮûб
һ˼ʼս
˼սƮӡϪϪģҲޱȣһ֮ܽεһ㡣໹ƯȻû˾ͽ֮ò˸оЭ붯ˡ
Ʈڵ˰˼΢΢ŰĿϪ壬·һ㣺ԸźңҵŮˣҾͷŹ㣡ôѿ
˼˵δϸģͬʥּһУ˵Ļȫ˶ˡ
޳ܣ˼ҪҪˣѾ˫۳Ѫ
ߺҡҡͷתУ˼Ʒһ㣬ֳֶģ
̨̣ͬϴȥͬƵıβ׺õı֣ȫˣȴܹȥ
ߺ˵Ļ˼ȫһɫ˲ȥߺȣڳȫˡ
ɽׯȻǿᣬûǿµĵز˸ڳЦġ
ȫȫЦǰϣеˡ
е˼̣ͷ
˼֣Ͻð̣һһ״СĻɫƶǰγˡ
ƶ˼µĵذ϶ð˿˿̣Լ˶Ƶ֮
ǻԭ
˼һƻǶƷɢһСƲʣͬһϪƮȥٶޱȣ˶޿ɶ㡣
ɽ
ϪʹõһޣޱڿγһƬƬ꣬£ЩڵϵĻ꣬׷ڵϱըըһָĶ
ϪȻҲǻǿߣҿʵӦӦûǿֻлɽѾе㻯صζˡ
ǵأͬȳɹƬƬƻƬƬĻϡ
䣡
ǿҵıըջ˼ʤһƽЩȫյɢڿСʣĻƼϪ۶ȥ
𣡡
ϪƮһ仨꣬γһԲ򣬽Ľ֮Ҳϵת
ЩƮڻϣ׷׵ܷȥ
ߣ¡˼һݺȥ
һɻ֮𽥱仯γһԲɵİƣݺݵȥ
ﻯΣǻߵ˼Ǽһˡ
ƣ״޶˼Ѿõ¯ĵزˣ

ͣ
Ǹ֮ϣݺݵĽ֮һȥȻݺݵһץȵĻƣǸŪ˼һգǸץķѣֱֱϪץȥ
Ϫʦ㣡ɣ㲻Ķ֣ߺۣ֮һ۾ͽһƿˡʵڹǿ󣬸ͲϪֵܵġ
Ϫ˸ߺ䡣
ڵֻҪõѣͿתɲ̬ͬƩľͷʯͷƣȡ
תɲ̬ͬߵµˡ
ͱߺǱ꣬ҲǱ֮ﻯεĻǺͱйصģ⻯һ棬Ǳġ
ߴӻؿʼͿﻯΣԹˣǿޱȣ𵥵ͷǿü
ȻҲδﻯصʱҲﻯΣҪޱǿ츳
ǰļսҲʹﻯɵĹ򣬾ͺñȸղŵϪԼ̬תΪꡣǣ츳ޣԻ겢̫
Ǹղб껪ʩչͲô׵ıˡ

һˣڻʣ¶ʮˣؾͱҪѡһߡ
ڹǵҪԸߺͱ˼εͷˡҶ
һߺҪսһȻߺ˵ʲôǶⳡƽı˵ʼЩá
Ϊˡ
ߡߺ͹Ҷβ׺̨̨µȫˡ
ʲôΪʲô˰
һֻʣ¶ʮһô򰡣
ѲҪ¹أ
ߺ˼һ֪ڴʲôˣЦ
ûôҵ̫ʱ䣬β׺һת˵ڶһսƮڸߺ˼ҹҶʤΪߣʸμӽʮǿı


42 
ߺɫ΢ŭνߣԼ˸̭һ㣬ӮԺʸһ
ˣˣߺĵײסЦһۻڿ̨ϵĹһۣҪúõľϲһأ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôⳡֻϷһڶѣҶȻҲǾԼǵȻҲް취
ֽиߺĿⳡĺˣ
ûһصΪڣ治֪ôģ
ҵΪֹеýδʣ֪ǲʵ
ǲⳡս˭Ӯ
Ҷǻ۷ΪҿղŵıǳһȣͽһͬĻ߻ܣ֪˲
֪λ˭ǿһЩǸߺһֱĺ̬һֱʤȥǹҶǿƵĽǾ˵ʤ
ѾˣϾǿһ죬ȴһֱûлһ߿ߵһġһһ߿һֱֵڣѾǵ֪ǵĵߡ
ˣߺԹҶڿʼ
ߺҶһ̨ͬҶɫʿͷһɫķϵɫʿһͷĽ޷ˮʿı
ǸߺȻ֪μֵڵģڴȥÿһЩĹҶ˵ˣ̬Ȼ˵Ҳ˵Ӹߺ
ߺǰıвǿߣһһڸߺ£ԲʹȻʹߺôҲֻǻһߣԼĶ֡
ŶҵҪжѿߺ΢΢

ҶܺȻǿķ磬ͬһ㣬ܹȥǱ̨ϵʯ屻йγѺۡ
ҷȣ
һߺ߳ȣÿһȶ磬ߺϯȥߵΪͬķߺȥ
нѾǫ̀εĳз׷иʯͷϣƬƬʯмڷмתͬƬƬУߺиȥ
̨Ķˣ
˼Һö治ٰȻ׹ѷȡ
˵˼ҵȷֻϵĵΪʲôҶᱻأ
˼ҪǡѷȡĻ»ǸߺĶְ
ţƮڵӦȻõ˽׹ŽǴ˹׹Ҳһ֮οӦѾ˹ˣǵֱ߽ǽһˣ
ߣϹǺúóʶɣҹ˼ҿɲģǽ

ҷ粻ϵڸߺֱֱܴߺŰ
ǧѰ
ߺңǳվʮСǧѰ
һߺվڿεķΧ⣬ҶûֱֱŲȥ
ߵȷȻһҷӸղŸߺվĵطιǸط̳˵ӡǡǸղŸߺܵĻҲˡ
ôɣҵѷѾȫˣӦǰӿԱģҶԱ߷ĴЦΪ˽ĸķڷҾʶһҵĵưɣɣ
ջף
ӹҶ߳ÿһ涼ޱȣȵϢʯȼһ㣬ǻ澭ĵطð̣ǿҵĴ̱ǵζɢ
Щһ׷ߵҷ֮Уʹ֮ߵ硣羭ĵطʯ׷ѿ˻ļ룬ߵȷٶȸˡ
ﻯΣ
̫ǿˣÿһŰ
¸ߺξҪ֮ˣҶƥʤ
ǰϢϿҶʵԻӦ֮ϣ
˶øߺϾҶʵ̫ǿˣһмȫԱ⻯صǿߺֻǻһأܻأܻܻصأ
ߺԼϯĻ磬΢أһѾɻƵˣǵʹȫˣ
ճ˲ʣǸߺûдǻ磬ǺݺݵĲڵϣ
ĺӸߺ뽣ȥ˲ͽߺΧʵʵҲϵɢ
Ǻޱȣ϶˲㺮Ȼ涼ˣЩѷжˡ
ЩЩȻ׷׶סͬһĵһ㣬һ״ɼΩΩФԶȥͬʱ侲ֹһ㡣
ڳ˶ĿɿڴһĻ޷ܡ
ҶߺȥǱ䳡м䲢ûиߺӰӣտҲͬߺδмһ㡣
ȻһĽıֱֱ֣ҶĲȥͬһ㡣
ڹҶĲ֮ǰͣ˽ˣǸߺ
ոʲô
ﻯΣһһص߾ȻﻯΣⲻǿЦɣ
̫ˡ
±˷ˣ̨˵˶Ŀ档
һﻯΣδй
ǰÿһ߲ǾȻﻯΣ츳õҲڻزﻯΣǡ
ߣֻһһߣֵС𣿡
ʹ츳ǿڸǲΪ

̨ϣߺĶŹҶ˵ôѿأ䣿
С治֪ģҶɫ˵ȴ֮ڣĳһذס
ذȫ⣬ޱȣڸߺӽԿʸߺʱеذ͵ߺȥ
ߺոȻûԷеذףܿóҶеɱذ׻δдиߺʱ򣬸ߺȫϵĺӿҶ̽һ㱡ıҲˣ޷
սʣߺһŽҶߵ̨£ת̨ȥȻҲڹҶһֽţҶƱߺĺȫʹǺ߶֮ܽ޸ãԼ𾳽磬һ߰޸ұ۾ͷ϶ˡ
һǿôΪһأԼǾ͸ˣ½ϰ޼ܹͻƵһû
ߺڼϢһʹõѾԽԼļޣоǰЩأ
һ֣ߺʤβ׺̨µ˶ˣû뵽ߺʵ˾ˣȻ˵
ǿ𣿸ߺÿһжк֣
ûǲûйﻯΣлΪģлΪģҲлΪľģϡеǽǹȣûкġ
һŰα⣡

ߺҶսˣȴʡʹʣǱüȥ
ǰѾ˼һһˣɷһأߺ̺Ц⡣
ȻһСծɫǵͨ죺ʲô֮ȻὫ㣡
ҿ㻹ȸΪãǹ˼ҵԼǣ˼ӵⳡвսңҰ⳥Ѳ롭ɣߺӷ㣬ĵǰ˵ǰ㹫ޱȣʱѲ㲻˵ʲô𣿡
ӷɫ࣬ȭͷסƽĵϹ㲻ɣ
Ҫ˼ҵܽأǻƱ磬ʱ֣˵ˣϹԽԽҪˣҲԽԽˣ㿴ǹ˼ӵܻڱ𣿡
ȥԭ˼ӵ֪ܲʲôʱѾ̭ˡҶһ˵ߺսʵпܽ뵽ʮǿʮǿ
ϧѾûκλˡ
㣡ιǵǶˣߺӳһƬƱƱ·һֽˣͬһߺȥˣ·䳡г룬ԲǸߺֿܵġ
ٶ֮죬ֱ˼ߺҲˡ
䣡
һֻɢڹƵڸߺǰ׾ٵĽǵжȥƱУβ׺β׺ŹһЦתŸߺ΢Ц˵Ʊ
β׺ΪۣϹֱǳ뻯ҾۼȻֱ۵ɫˡ
β׺ڹ⣬ðױȵĸϢɽѹڸߺͷԺ
ߺ΢΢ͷβ׺΢΢ͷллֳЦĿ˹һۣҲллǰƱ
˻Ȼ
ԭô£˵ôټһսأ
˼͵ʴˣ
԰ΪùҶߺս˼һóһöϹŵҩأǿЦ

ߣλϵĹɫޱԼβҪǰװ׷һöϹŵҩ鵤ЩӾͲ˵ˣΪʮ֮һİС
ҪľǿϹŵҩǿ˺ܴĹĴһżеġÿһ嶼õһĶöҩǹ˼żսƷһδ֪
ʮǰǸż֣ӴҲͱȿÿֻܿһΣϴ֮У˼һõóֵıֻмö鵤֮һ
һ˼⣺ż֮УҪӵܣŬѲһЩö
żбҲΣ쳣ʹǺ߽УһСĴĻأҲ޻
һУȱ˺һ֮ھͻᱻʵѪϴ˲ʧޡ
ԼֻһŽСȻһǽ٣ǣǳʵõܴЩԺǿ߶á
׻˵ΣţһЩΪԼʵҲӻԾ
ţλʣʮˡ
ϵıӮȻ䣬Ӯ˳ɹΪʮǿͷɥ߳ȵĽţսǷǳʵġ
һֵ˽һҲһ͡
ŽҽҵҪҵû˵ôǸģǰεսֳԼĽ츳
ǰսУһ˵УδڶΪ֮ߣΪ
һССĽҲҽҽԴ󣡡ӱȡûгʣһɾ콣ڶͽʶһ½ҽԺҪԣ
磬ͬһֱȥʣֱֱȥȻǽʣ²Ľ顣
أʣ͵ʹµʯȫˣҲмٳȥݺݵȥӳбŷݺݵȥ
һ·ڿз̶ĺХһ룬þòܾۺһڽĵطγһյش
Σǽ
ߺ˫һﻯУģΪȴֽܹ츳ʹڽҲ࣬԰ˣֲôһֱսҵأ
ߺĵǿޱȣʹԼӣҲҪȫӦսȻܹƵ˽ȡʤǱض¶Լĵ֮һ
첻ʾܻģôԼǽ֣һˡ


43 ʮǿ
ǿޱȵһҲһû뵽ڽΪϾȻ֮ߣڳʡ
һĨĽ⣬ǰ۵Ĺâ˶˶ݵʧֻмûбâԻ
ߺ֮һĽɫģķ·âзâ
ŶȻƷߺ΢΢Щȡ
ݺݵлһ֮أ׷ױգȫˡұĵĽҪӽɣһߡ
ϡ
ݺݵ˺һǿҵķȥÿһɷ綼лһߵǿһ
˺ŶԷǸݵĵطȫյشǽʵһеĳȥ
ļƲãæ߷ȥ֮ǷĽ·̽ĹͷʹʹޱȣϵҲ˲䱻˺Ƭɢڵϡ
ϣ
ȥݺݵײβ׺֧ıϡ
ٽϣһģβ׺ЩˡǲƵĽڱϲϵתǱϴ̳˵Ѻۣûн֮飬׷ʧޡ
β׺̧ͷƣ̾Ϊһǿ߰Ȼ԰ٷ֮һõıִ飡֪ǻʲôľϲ
ڱ䳡Աߵľ¥֮ϣһߵλϣһɫʯɵʯԱ߸Ƿϵľɵӡ
мһϣһߣҲİѲͬӱ߰ѻཻĽֻѽҲֱŲͬˡ
Ůȫĸ˵װ絹ͬһɫɫۣڳ۵ؿλѽһİɫ
ǵȫע̨£뽣ս
̨˳ɫı֣мǸص˵ǸʮУʵΪǿһңżҲкֻܶ࣬ʮûҹǿЩǵ֮żżĴڣĵҲǺǿ
˵һ긾Ů޵һЦΪλСأͲܴ²ż𣿡
߰̾һýɳˣڳɹѾһˣΪİû˸СսսôԶɳżֻսܶʹԼȫΪãѧΪԼΪЩżеĵҩЩĶΪٳٲܽ
ԣϾ뵽±ߵһʮص˵
ţңż˵㣡ҪԼŽżǲģԡ΢Цţֻ΢ЦЩ䡣һһϣֵǾȻһԱĸȴͷ˵Щʲô
ȴǸ֮߱󣬼ж̰ЦӺδҪڴ
⼸˵ĶԻһޱȵĳԾ뵨ս̨ϵļҵҲ⡣
ɹǿĴڣŵĹҡ˵˹ʵڵ۹Ĵڡ
۹Ǹ߸ϵĹңÿһ۹ĶʵǿӵʵԷΪɹްԵĴڣʵ϶ͣҪʲôδ֪ˡ

΢΢̧ͷ΢΢Щɫʵ֪ڽлʲôأʵӦȫ˼֮£ӦòûŰɣ
Цһ¸ոճãȻûдˣķϻ̫ˣ治֪ǽƾʲôΪʥصģѵͿ𣿡
˿̵ıЩ˹һΣһģĻˡ
һûʮͬϵǰ㣬ȥ
Ǳ䣡
һо֣ͬġ㡱־ƣֹֻһʮÿһϸ˿Ľâᵽ൱ĳ̶ˣһѶܣƻҲɼ
ʮڿشȫÿһλÿһ̵С
Ϭޱȣһһתͬһ©㣬Ҳкܶལⲻϵɢǵصѹȥ

˵Ľײһڴĵиһ׵Ĺ֡
һжһ˲䣬˵ٶǿĶǣͲͨص߿Աġ
ʵ̫ǿˣÿһôΣգʹûôǿƻÿһٶȶǿԶܵģ
ȻǰսûʹóȫǰսһУûмһ֮аɣ
ȻǶǸҲȻܹŽʹôһУֱ̫ǿˣ֪˭ʤ
һߣߺ껪һȫעĿųеս
֪˭ʤߺʦܣ㿴ó𣿡껪Ŀⳡսʶʸߺ
ߺأĳɣ
ʦ֣˵˭ĳɵĻӮʤ˵Ʈڽʣһӣֽ֣ߣһֱһҡΡɰ滭һһ޼ʵĴԭԭϷһֻӥչţһֹ°˵⾳һƷ
һŵӾȻиߺʦ֣Ӵ˿ԿóߺʵѾģѾߺǿʵ۷ˡ
ӦʵĿã⼸ֻ껪Ǹߺȴ֮ˣ˵ߺʵӦ֮ϡ
ʵĻͻõ˵𾴣õϿɣûʵĻʲôǣ
ֻĳɼʻӮͣߺ˵
Ʈʲôƾа
ߺҡҡͷȻǿɲҪˣˣҴսʼûʩչ
԰ôһ˵ҲȷˣֻȻ
Ƶǿûӵеûֻ֪ܵƵ֪ж£ԽʹߵĹɡ
ҪСɵĹǿǰߺʹõļǳԭ޵
أĶŽ죬߸̧ңңŽ졣ݺݵԷȥ
һһǰƣ·䳡еˣƽǰնˡ
СԷ֮ģ˺һɫĳһ
ϡ
ҵĦһ𣬷˴̶ĽĦ
ԡ
Ȼһ˳
ˣ
ٶȳԷ˼ĽǶȥ
ϵĽݺᣬǷĽɫĽڿлһĨ⣬и롣
ϣ
ĵĳһ˫־ٽ߸ȥ·̨ܽг롣
쳤ȫʽȥ
ϣ
߷׷׺ˣĵĽϳһŶȱڣϾƷľһƷսأ
ǿһаɣ㻹ܹҲ޻˵ˣķĺ
Ӱɱ
ĵĽ趯ӰĽͷųЩӰڱ̨ϴ󣬽鲼̨
ÿһӰһƬʯ飬ڱ̨нٵӰÿһӰɱһһߣлһ۷Ϊȫһ
ڽ챻һ۷ΪΧЩӰڿвϵĻ裬첻ƶȥ
ֳֳǰٵӰݺһһߵĽǽʮģ
ǣ뵽ǰٵӰУһ˻ûͱǰٵӰޡ
ʲô͹еǿֱϣԼǻصˣСĶҪޣǶԷоȻ˿Ѵ֮Ľ֮⡣
Žͻָƽأ㲻ϧңȻĻǰʮȫпܱģ
һ
쳤ֱֱ̧ĴȥƽƽûִһеķУûȴֽ˶޿ɶĸо
⽣һ·ȥǾĽӰ׷ʧޣƽһУεԱߵĽӰ׷׻顣
ĨĽĵĺǰһͣĵ½˰ɣ
쳤ЦҲãû뵽ͷŽƵͶûУˣ
˵ת̨ȥ˭ҲûеһĨ
̨Ϸ
Ȼལеĵڰ˲㣬һ
ôȻ˵ڰ˲㰡ѵãǽһűأ
ལΪǽҵ׹߲ǾŲˣû뵽Ҫһ𣿡
Ц뵱佫ལ˲ģལھŲ㣬ֻ˹ˣܽӵǽЦֹҽҵལֹŲ㣬ҽལ׸߼һʮϷŸʮ㲻á
׹ǻ澳ܹʹģ澳߸ͲʹȫҪ׹еľҪﵽ׹ҪľſԽ֮ӵ¡

һս彭嫳ĶƮĿ֡
ʼ߶û˵ʲôϻ
һԾͬһƬҶƮȥƮʮ֮Ӽٻ衣ֵʵǺ޵ģͬһ㣬ΨΨΣֻģ³һִŵӡ
ƬƬ״ӿֵзӵȪˮƮƮ嫷ȥ
Ȼĸо˿ɱ
ǣû뵽ֻǰһ嫵ɢһεͬһʯͶ뵽зĲ
ӰĲЩӷ׷׻飬ʧڿա崿ʲô
ߺͫһ㣬ʵû뵽ǿ߿ǿֵزһͽеĹΪޡ
ȻиߺҲԽ֮ǽƾ˵ɾͽ֮Ƶǲܵġ
ִһóԼ֣֮΢΢һЦˣºǿʵ
ϣãҲԺ󣬺ٺЦ

ļȽȤǧ˷׷ױȹ
ûʲô㣬ǿŰߵıⳡ̫Զˡ
ǧĵǾڵһӣֽصΪ
ոտʼʹֺ꣬Զˡֻͷų˼ģģġ
ǧ˵ֻһȾͽЩȫѹ£ǿȷŽһͬγ̨
˼ǸߺĶ־Ȼڵڶ½ڣȻߵڣиߺ档
һǸߺı
̨ϣǸ½ų޵Ŀ⣬Ƿ̵ǣûʹĽУߺʹԭʧȻ˲½ڵǰ΢΢ĳһơ
һ½ôֵûа취ֵһƺ񴩹˲գֱӡ½ڵؿڡ
½ڻԼڱ˵ʱ򣬾ʩչ෵졷Żߺ
ǣû뵽ǣԼûˣǽıˣȫǡ
ߺЦһһŽ֮ߵ̨ȥˡ
ߺʤҲԤʾűʮǿˡ


44 ǿǿԾ
ʮǿѡγˣɫڽ̫ңڵı̨Ѿѿˣ䡣Ǽսڷսһ㣬ǳļѣ
ԣһʱһʮӵϢһ£ָ۷״̬ǽйץ̨üı
ҲֹڲԱʵǿ󣬶±̨Ǵûôعһ󼸳ս˺ģûС
βԱǿʮһֻ̨εı̨вͬ
˴α̨ȫøɣӲޱȡԣ̨ɹ֮󣬿һֱʹá
ڴ˴ʱȽ϶ֻ̣һϵʱ䣬õȫʳеĳʦ

ˣɽׯãֻ˼ļ̭ˡƮиߺļ룬߽ɽׯҪһ
һڵӡ⡣һǬڵӡǬתҽ죬嫡
ʳļֻ˼еȫܡԱֱǻʼҵĴү֮ӡ½ɣ֣š֣ףҡФ
μҾȻӣһǶμǧһ˵Ƕμ֧һšǡ
սʱǳĹ죬оȻâԡֲܳΪֱǲֻ̡Ҫսʼ֮Եķ񹥻ж
ǶԶֲ̣ԼҲޱȣͲܶԷԼʲôط޹˼ɵĹ
һɲǸͲ࣬һֻҰޡҲǶ֣ǲĳˣĳˡ
ʦܣҪҪһȥǵסһȾ죡ףһ£껪ĶԸߺ˵
Ҳ˷ܵĵ˵ͷȻԼˣƮȴ˽뵽ʮǿȻɽׯҪһƮϲѶ
Ӧʱ򣬽ܲԼܸһŵӵʵ߳䳡
ߺ΢΢һЦˣһһЩ˽Ҫ˵ת˱䳡

ʳ¥֮ϣߺ߽ɼһԷȻиƨ֣ա
ߺԼ⼸еľȫ˳Ȼʲô˵ʲô˵ߺȻ֪ǹƬصе飬ǸߺҪܣʹԼĸҲܽ
ߺˣе˶ĿɿڴĿŸߺ
ô˵ӵƣ֣ոոյеľƣȫ˳Լȴ޲
ȫѻȸûͷûԵĸ´˽֡
治Ϊܣ
Ǹϸģ侲˵ܣ˵ӵбƣ
ߺһھƣȷϵĵ˵ͷ
ʱһһĹȥҶȵĺܾˡ֣ô̬£Ǹ´һƬ
߼һ֣յʢ֮£һͬǰ֣ҡ

ڶ峿ߺбԸߺֻǻָһԼġ
ˣ
ԤʾűҲʼֹͣʱвԱڹֹͣʱ䳡ǽᱻȡʸ
ֹͣˣ䳡оһڵ϶šڱ䳡мһһɺɫ̨ҹƶԵġ
β׺Уʼʮÿһǿߣ˸ߺȫǻ۷ϵΪ
һҺФս˼
Ӱ̨Ծ̨ϣФһɫۣеıһ˿Ķţһ
˼һģŻɫ·
˼ֻһƾͽФ̨ȥ
ڶսս½ɡ
ڵÿһŮӳõȷ־ΪεĴͷҲǷǳƯ֬һƤʵ˫壬ħġ
½͵Ŀ´⣬΢΢һЦȻˣǸõطֻŮҶ뾲ˣ
ʮһЦ½пգԽȥιһ°룬ʱ򱣹½Ӵ۸
½΢΢ЦҾͲŶҪ
û˵꣬½ɳֱָ⣬·ն롣
꣡
ƬƬɫӿƮ䣬һƬ궼ΩΩФһƮƮͬһУʹֺֹһ
䵽Ƿĳϣ˲ͱƬ걬һߣƫԭĹ
ģ
½ɳתƣڿмٻ裬ڿдһīɫС֡Щдſĸо
ǡī¼˽׶ǧ򻯣ʫɴιƽ¡ÿһжвͬ
Щַţ׷׽ӴһϢĽԷںˣ˵ʽ׷ɢڿС
½ɸǳʤ׷ʹˡʫɴʡīɫСֳڿУͺһֽеĽһ֧еëһ㣬ڿչԼ鷨
Щ֣ͬʫһζʮ㣬ͬӡʫһϿڣͬһ԰Ρ
Щ䵽ϣͬһشôڸϣ
ս
ڵϳÿһųԼףһλλŮһͤͤ
Щ־ʱЩ׷ƮڿвϵĶתγһɻķ籩ЩͬһУϵڿз裬еĿиɷ顣Щ֡
Ȼ½΢΢һЦȻɫһࣺιƽ£
һīɫĹƾճڿУְһӹһеƣͺһеĶҪѹ档ֻһͽЩΪĩɢڿУǸּȥ
û뵽ƮɢڵʣһЩкȻͬӵһӣǸǧװٴɢڿС
Ļҿɲܱ֤һеĵα᲻˵㣬ɱ㣡˵½ɴ˿⻰ʵԡ
½ɳʣ΢΢Цɷ죡ˣгһӣЩϵʧڵϣһɹ׷׽뵽С
β׺̨ϼһսǬת
һȽϼ򵥡ʵĿãΪ˲ԼʧܣԱһʼǬתʹóԼľСƳء
Ǭת߸Ծһȥ̳һԲƵľƣݺݵǬתȥ
ֻӳ㽫Ǭתˡ
һһһͽǸƻķ飬ڶ紩˲գ޿ɶ㣬˲Ǭתǰ
ܽǿһлܣ䣡ǬתûǰĽ޾ɫת˱̨

һǶǧս֣ס
ʮǿ̶ֳȵıҴѾˣΪʮǿУÿһ˶ǿޱȣһþеĻлᣬǰսһ㣬ǾжóͿһ±Ǿ̫ˡ
֣һ̨ʹԼľУҲһǹ
ԣ
߲ǹеĵǹޱȣնѿˡ
ǧ߳ȣͽԼΧЩȫ飬ÿһȶͬɽһ㡣
һȱ㽫ܵЩߵڶЩʼͬƵƣܵİȫΪޡ
ǧ߸Ծºݺݵȥ
һ˲֣׾Լǰͬһɽһ㣬ݺݵ֣ѹȥһվ⣬ƶܽѹ
ﬡ
ǹײһ𣬷ǧȻͣڰգ֣׵ǹһȺ񻯳һɽ
֣ȼֲסˣ岽ÿһʹ̨΢΢°
ǧ֣׻ᣬȻ֣ѹȥ֣æٳǹסһȡϵľ޴֣˫ϵ˺ѳƱǧֻϵĿҲΪƬ
һɫĻȳڶǧϣǸɫĻһ͹С񣬿йĸо
Ʒȣû뵽ȻֺöΪϹȶμңߺ΢΢Щȡ
֣ױɽѹѪ䣬ǧջһУ建䵽̨ϣһЦ
֣ڿ̨ŭ˵˭ǷǷأʲôŵģõһ˵ɣޣ
֣մʴʵʱ򣬶ϵƺȻŷһɲ˵Ұ޵Ϣڿ̨֮ϡ
Ǻܲ˵ֻ³һ֣еɱʮ㣬ð˵âҪ˶ɡ
ſƵָ׳ڿУȻ͵̨ϵ֣ץȥʮָͬһһ·ϵĿȫա
̨ϵ˷׷Ϊ֣̾Ϣ̾ǵƢֻ˵䣬ԸԼʸĻ˵һ㶯ֱ֣ɱС⿴Ͳ˵ΪƤǡ
ϣ
һڶǵצǰ̶ĽĦǱϷǵֶɫЩϵȫʹ֮ȵͣڰա
ûǸߺߺ֪Լ֣֣ձضסһǲҲòзϣԵ
ô˵Լֵܣߺôأԥĳˡ
ºôƢٲջĹצҾͽ֮ϵߺĵ·𺮱һĿŶǡ
ȴ˿ûֵ˼תŸߺߺһ
һ˫ʲô飬ѪѪ˿޷۾˿ĹеëȻ
ˣǣҪôûǧ̨˵ζĶŸߺһЦ
ǧ˵ǵ˫ֲŻķʱ˿Ѿһˡ˫һ𣬱ͷ׷ˡ
ǧЩȵĿŸߺ˵Сˣ⣡е˼ÿһк֣ҾȻԵסһ
Լҵ£ԼĹʮ⣬ʮǿ󣬸ղһǶʮģԼҲҪʹ˳ɵסǸߺסˣһסġ˶ǳǹ
Ҹߺʽ΢΢ЩڴÿһкϢû
ǧпһЦ˼ϣ֮ǰ㲻ᱻܣȻվܣȡñүҲң
ߺЦ˭ʤ˭ܻ֪أϣʱ㲻ʧ
ǧЦһŶǻصԼĵط
ڱţ֣ҺǬڶûеˣ滹ڴ˹ԷֳǰͲʲôˡ


45 ս
ȣ
껪һߺȣһӰ֮ϣǸӰȫ壬ǲûѪ
ⳡս껪ս嫣껪ֻʣ˿ЦΪģǸߺȻ˵ˣ嫹ԼľС
һϳ껪񷣬ͬһֻӥһ㣬Ȼ󽣼⳯¡ֱֱ嫴ȥͬһֻӥʳ
úãˬһЦ˫ʹͬһһֱ񷣬ֻȭͷӭԷĽ
ϣ
ǿڰգǿܴȥ
껪һȦȦɢͬһȦȦ嫽ס嫵ֱֱ׹ȥ
䣡
嫵ڵϣ̳һ΢΢ݡ
Ȼ˫ϵð嫵һȣ껪Ƭ
껪һߺȣһӰ֮ϣǸӰȫ壬ǲûѪ
ⳡս껪ս嫣껪ֻʣ˿ЦΪģǸߺȻ˵ˣ嫹ԼľС
һϳ껪񷣬ͬһֻӥһ㣬Ȼ󽣼⳯¡ֱֱ嫴ȥͬһֻӥʳ
úãˬһЦ˫ʹͬһһֱ񷣬ֻȭͷӭԷĽ
ϣ
ǿڰգǿܴȥ
껪һȦȦɢͬһȦȦ嫽ס嫵ֱֱ׹ȥ
䣡
嫵ڵϣ̳һ΢΢ݡ
Ȼ˫ϵð嫵һȣ껪Ƭ
껪һߺȣһӰ֮ϣǸӰȫ壬ǲûѪ
ⳡս껪ս嫣껪ֻʣ˿ЦΪģǸߺȻ˵ˣ嫹ԼľС
һϳ껪񷣬ͬһֻӥһ㣬Ȼ󽣼⳯¡ֱֱ嫴ȥͬһֻӥʳ
úãˬһЦ˫ʹͬһһֱ񷣬ֻȭͷӭԷĽ
ϣ
ǿڰգǿܴȥ
껪һȦȦɢͬһȦȦ嫽ס嫵ֱֱ׹ȥ
䣡
嫵ڵϣ̳һ΢΢ݡ
Ȼ˫ϵð嫵һȣ껪Ƭ
嫽껪֮󣬽ԼǴ˳ݺݵڿе껪ȥ
ڰе껪ӰȻƶȥޱȣͺ껪ڰҲƽһ㡣
о˽׶Ṧ˵֮ʱҪڿвϵˤΡֱҵڿпԲϵƶڿоͿڲ֮ء
Щʶ˵ҾޱȣԷܹоеڿпѸٵĸı䷽λ֤Ѿоˡ
ǰһ嫾޷ô׵Ĺ껪ˣ
ûŵӾŵӣõĶǶģ
оϢĳ嫵ı󣬶嫽й嫺пܻ䣡
ǸߺôΪΪߺ֣оȻ棬ĶֱߵģÿһҪķ򶼻ڿԳӰҪƵҪֺܶβſܳɹһȱ㡣
ҲԱⲻȱ㣬ǶԸߺǿ˵ÿһӰһֻᡣ
ǶһҪ⣬ǾǿߡǿǿĲǾ˵Ĺֽ˹ķ
Ȼ껪һ嫵Ǵ֮ʽһǴ֮ɨȥ
֮񻮳һɫĹ⣬껪ɨȥ
ৣ
껪岻ϵʧڿеÿһλãȻһߡ嫷Ӧݺݵ̳һ
һͬϵһĪ⣬翡

̵嫵ϣǲûУѪ֣Ƿֽײ
ҵȫðˣ껪ĳݺݵĵǽʵϣű̽ףǲûѪĳ֡
Ǻ򡮽վǽⲻƽֹ򰡣
ѲɣǷⲻƽĵӣ
Ǿ͹ֲ嫻ǿˣ˵ⲻƽǲĺǿߣһĺǿߣʵڲĴ

Цһֺݺݵץס껪ʹȫس嫵ƲûбƵĺۼǿʹ껪޷г
Ǵ˦һȦȦ껪ƶȥ껪ס
껪оͬһ㣬ڿвϵתۣڵϡ
ˣȻԼս֮սǻ䣬ֲսȻ֪Լջ䣬ǾûбҪټȥˡ
ˬʵһЦҲǿ㣬ս֮ǻԸ䣡ҽˣ˵Լ֣½һ£ҽ嫣һɵĽ
֮ҽ껪Ʈ翷ӡ껪һ˵һ߽ס嫵֣εһЦҲҺǾ仰Ӧó
껪оԼǾ仰е˺ԷģԷ͵
ûϵѾϰˣ嫺ĹһЦС껪ϲľɵ߱½ÿһ䡣ǰҵʦⲻƽ
껪ĿɿڴǾⲻƽֲôǿʵ볬ķ
˵սȻ껪ʧܸգȻʮĽѡ

һˣߺսǡ
̨ʱ򣬸ߺ껪껪ͣסˣ֣صĶԸߺܱǸûӮʤһҪӮƮڵȫˣ
ߺ䵭ЦЦҵսֻΪԼֻҪսľˣʹʧֺη
껪ǷſЦ̾ԼҲ̫˾ȻϣһһصϣȻһزһĻߣǽ˵һĻأ
ҡҡͷ̨֮ȥ
ǿЦƮڵôΪڶģһ䶼ǰ̨֮ϣ޹˼ɵĳЦ졣
ƮѾûˣҸоӦýڶĳƺóȻޱȵϬͬһʱ
ĽЦһһصϾȻƮڵѹԱȰ㻹Զ˳ɣ¾Բģ
ɫ࣬øߺ˳ⳡ֪ߺͲԼпܻԼ֮Աǡ
ܵĹҲ޿κεģҪ֪Ʈͬǰʵȴڶˬˡ
ϳ֮ǰǧ΢Цʶǣǣмʤʣ
ǵͷ׹⣬֪κпܻ䡣
ƺӲԸ˵˵һΣⲻжǧЩĿЦǣڿЦ˵ȫʤ


46 ǣ
̨ϣߺʮעŶԷ
ǴεĽ֣ǺԸߺΪ˼ˣȻΪоԷɢΣϢǧ࣬⻹ڸߺûб¡
β׺̨һ仰û˵϶Ѿ׼ˣ˱ʼ
ոأǵ۾ɫĹâѪ顭
ߺһЦ˼еսֱ
ָצ磬ͬһֱֱߺݺݵߺץȥǷָ׾У·նˡ
ǿĹߺ𸡹Ӱ˲ʧԭأֶǵҲࡣһ̨֣µ˶ˣ
ʲôѵҲо𣿡
԰оֻڿʩչߺڵеģ
ѲƮһо
ضɽҡ
ߺһȥһƸߺ˾ųϼתγһĺһ޴ıǡ
춯أȫ飬ƵγһƬƬա
ۣ
צཻǿγһεĲмɢȥ
ߺϵĺȫɱмɢڸߺܡ
ԭǿߺǰʧȻڿиı䷽תߺλץߺеضɽҡݺݵĻһ𣬽ڸߺϵĺȫץ顣
ԼҲߺеضɽҡɳȥۿҪ䵽̨ˣ֣ݺݵץڵϣڵϷ̶ĽڱԵͣ
µļӡߺľղһƣԼ˾ųǿʹԼϸһ㺮ʹԼϵķҲӡ
ǲ㺮ļӲ̶ȣʹһһű޷֮Ƕֻһצͽ֮ΪмԼЩӡ֮ǿľ
ҶԷķӦٶ֮죬ʵǷ˼ҸߺӶԷϢĲϸеƲһˣһֻҰޣײбŰ
̨£ǧЦҶμѵһʿֻЧҶμҡǴСͱ֮Уǲɱ˵ķӦսҰһ޶ҶҲþȫս

ǵոأͬһһߺֻצڿлʮİߡ
ߺеսŨЩ˼ǧѰ
ҷԴߺǵצ
鲢ô򵥣ߺոճڶǵ󣬶ǵĽ·һţֻצߺץ
ڡɽˮ
ܵĿͬˣͬˮһ㣬ӸߺǱڶȥ
ǵצͬʮһЩиƬոߺȥ
ﬣ
ǵצߺײһȴδٽ粽ǲϵıߺˡڸߺϴĺһ˸߹һˣǻȥ
ϵĺǵֶ࣬һĶᣬѾûκˡ
䡭
Ǳֱ϶סˡ
ߺɽƴӵһʩչɽڸߺз·˹ÿһƷ·һɽѹȥƱˣˮÿһжνһ𣬸ûκͣٵĵطǴĽڽڰˡ
̨֮껪һɽƵ߾硪ɽˮ硣Ȼ˺ɽƵ߾ɽˮ磡
ɽƮڵ˽Ʒ˲ǻûܹŵ߾磬Ҳɽˮġ
˵ܹɽˮˣѧܴﵽһּߵĵزѧһܸߡ
Ǻɽֻ˽׸߼ƷѾﵽɽˮ֮ôȥ˽׹أߣһƷɽˮ֮ô򵥡
Ժɽߺֵزģ٣ĿǰƮûеġ
ǵԽԽбе̹ҲԽԽʢǧҲɫǵйȻ˸ߺֺߺǿϡ
໣
һֱߺѹƵĶǺȻһ˽еȻֻеâ𽥼ź⣬ǲ˸ߺ˫Ʒߺ
ﬡͣ
ߺһƽʵʵĴڶǵؿڣû뵽Ƕ㶼㣬ֻץץڸߺֱϡ
ҿߺӦ죬Ѹһ㺮Ŷϱ۵Σա
ֱȻѣǰѩȴץĳƬֱϵĺ̶ˡ
ûȸߺӦɳȥĶֳǵѪղһ˲ˣû뵽ǵĹӵķˡ
ͬҰһ㣬ûκ·ߺһơӿ
һѹȥǶǲ㣬ĳȥצɿĲϵĹǲ֮ϡ
ٵĻӶֱֻۣܿһģӰӺͲϷɳıмͷȥײǺıˡ
䣡
Ӧٿǵ˫ѾѪģˣȴԸٶߺȥɫвЩɫǶǵѪҺ
ɫЩצӰڸɵı̨֮ϣӡǣߣӡ֮ϻЩѪ
ߺ˫͹ЩɶǾɵʵ̨ʯͷԱġʯͷ뾫ֱͺ֮ͨ˵ļӲľͷ붹ȣͲһϡ
һצӰͿԽı̨ץӡǣ֮ǿԶ׼
ܼצӰǧѰѾ㲻ȥˣʱߺԼûзã¶ģαһҪһţѡһſԷҽһصľ硣
˷צӰߺѪ֮ӦԣЩצӰ̶ȣʹߺȫԵĺҲֵܵסʱ÷ǡ
ߺֽʣֽųǵϣһȦȦת֮һԲ̣ܵϢ֮һſűЩޱȣ̨ϵ¶ȶ½˺Щ
ڸߺǰͬϯһκ磬ЩצӰȫķ籩֮ڣ֮׷׶ᡣ
ĲǽצӰ飬ĻнǵĶóٻޱȣ޷ͬǰѸ١ǵֱԽԽֹͣˡ
ߺȻֹͣһǻȥЩȫڶǵϣǱһ
ʲô
ʵ壡Ȼĺôģ
ʲôʽƮµĹ𣿡
̨ϵ˱ⳡսˣڶǲҪսʽڸߺʵҪ֪ǿǻصΪҲͨĻء
ԸղŶչֳʵʹ껪Ҳһʤû뵽ڸߺ߲һ
ڴΪʱ򣬱ĶǶһ¡
۾ԽԽ죬һֻȫɫȫҲӿ˺ɫڱвϵ䶯ͷϣһźɫ
Ǽźɫ̣緱ǣÿһޱȣȻ̴
ͺͱӽкɫ͹룬ſ潻ţ˹ͷĺ⡣
ȻһͷǺɫëͷȫסĺɫҲγצ״ָҲȫצ
ǣǣȫҲĳһ뷨ȵҲ˵


47 ν
ǵı仯Ҷˣ˺ʵ̫ˡ
ž
ڱвϵĶǱ𽥵ĳѷ죬ǵıһ±ѿķɢһء
ǧأߺȷȻʹǳֱ仯
ԭΪμҵʬСսҲǻʽνʽÿһжǽԼΪǵ̬²ʩչ
Ǵӱ˳ֱֱŸߺɢ޾ɱײ֮⡣Ӻߺʬηɽͷ֮ޡ
ʮɣһ죬һսⲻֹ˶סȫע̨ϵˡ
֧عӣͬһֻɫһ޶Ȼγɵͷϣ²ϵˮ
أǽʹ̨΢΢°ǵҲһӰӼߺȥգۼ䣬̳ڸߺǰ
ɽ
ֱʱ˫֣˫ֽݺݵߺȥͷźצƺܽնķݡ
ϣ
ߺսֱ߰һ̲ųƣһǸߺʹʮϴȥһʡ
ϵĴӸߺ֮ɢܵĿˣĿʹöһҲһ˿ͣ١
Ϊһ˿˿ͣ٣иߺһֵĽĵطȥ
ǵ屻ɳȥֱϵľУ濴ֱ޲ǺľеԵʡ
ɳʯ
ʽУʮֵľ޴󡣶ǵڿתγһ磬ͬУߺȥ
̨ϲϵתߣڸı̨̺ۣǷķ¡
׳ɽӣ
ߺһƴһСɵıȻڿγɣСɽһݺݵγɵǹѹȥ
䣡
ǹ类ݺݵѹ£ǵӰֳһ㶥סֻơϵצ״ĺɫҡҡλΣצҲһһģͺҪɽƵľ±顣
ڶǵ۸ոձߺúˣֱеľѾߺĺˣתͣµġ
ǵ˫ٲˣпܻϵеľȫסʹҲԾɲĥ˺пܻᾭж
ʱʹǲ޷֮Ρ
أ
ǵĽź͵һţƾȻѹͣڰС
ֱϵʹʹȫǿ𶯣ֱϵľסֻѰϸСľǿתǵ˿˿Ѫצ翪һ㣬ݺݵץסɽһľƣݺݵ˺Ѷȥ
¸¸£
ǵֱཻĵطɭĹǵڶǾ޴֮¾Ȼֳ룬ǵֱеĹͷϵıסܲסӴеĹͷָ¿ʼѡ
׳ɽǺɽһУҲڸߺбȽһУȻһƵٶ޷νȣҲƽһǿ
ֵ⣬һж޷һȡ
գһƱ˺룬ǵ˫Ҳȫѣں˶ǵĹͷԿƤϵɫֳɫ
ҲֻжԼֱѾ޷ˣ޷ƶˣֻڿҡڡ
ת
ߺԭΪǻ䣬û뵽ǣǸͲԼ״ֱߺʹʽеĵʽת
ǵ߸Ծ˫ΪתݺݵߺƶȥĽϺȻֹɹɺɫ˫Žİ
໣
˲䱻ǲƣĄ̊́һЩӣɫ԰ף֣ڱ䳡֮·ļͯŵڵ۴ޡ
ߺɫô侲΢΢ǸʲôʲôģٲʲôĻҪԸŶ
ǧɫҽжǧһǶǵĶ֣Զ㲻ȥѾ;ĩ·ˣ
ԸߺĻмڹˣߺһ·ȻڲϵıǿȥʼǼСνֵ֮ûʩչκνС
ô룬Ҳôģе˶øߺ֣Ҳ⡣
ߺ߾˶֪֣ڻΪߺֻһ齣ʹߺӵнƣԽɵʵһеҲޡ
ߺ䶨ˣ
û뵽ǿ֮оȻжμҵˣƮһҲûУƮûˣ
֪ߺ֮ʲô

Ǹߺ󣬰ǧڵ˶ôˡߺû˵ѣǧЩܲ
ߺϵҲ޵İθߣֱ񷣬ϷɹƻУ̴мֳ롣
ֽʣߺ΢ףڽϣ£ޱȵϬͬ㻮
߾ν
ϣ
ߺսеһʩչ߾ڴ߾׻ʲô
һĽͺƺҹлһ㡣һڵʱ̣ܶޱȵľˡ
Լֻ0.1ʱ䣬ոأߺĽͰγˡ
û̫ãǵĹߺٶȥ
ǧǺһϣЦԼΪһ𣿷
ǻûأǽϵʹм˲仮һѷ죬ɢڿաǵ˫ҲӦ䣬ͺƹһȻ쳣졣
ڸߺǰһֱĽףһֱ쵽ղŶǱλá
һ̣һӰɳȥڿƮܶʺıȻݺݵˤڵϡ
ǶǣЩҲǴӶǵĶϵģǵûѪǱһ顣
еľȫɫͬһ֩סһ㡣
ߺ֪ǵȸȫˡ

䳡쳣ľûӵ˵û˽ֻжǳصĺ䳡
־̾ӹϯϱ˼飿ߺȻʤˣ
ղǽٶж죿ǿ𣿡
ֻһߺĽͳˡ
ôоղֻ֮ʣһⰡ᲻ۻˣ
ߺվֱ壬ȻһЦ߾ν⡣ǺǿҸҪǹɺݾԵ˲̣ԼҲǳĲ̡
̨֮ϣڶǿ첻ĴЦߺеĻҪܳҪǿղһԼԼṦûĶһ
Ȼ㲻͵סָϾ̫ˡ
ʣ΢Цſβ׺
ڵβ׺Ŀɿڴȫûкߴݵ̬ȡ
Ȼ߾ɹˣ˵֣֮磬߾Ǹߺ֣ҽģ֣֪֡
֪˽ĻһˣǾǽҽࣺпôϹŽ߾أ
ŸߺвϵֳղŸߺʩչһʶ૵


48 ս˼
̫СˣС֣ȸֶû˵ʲôǵҲûڽϡ
䳡עڸߺϣǾ޵һ·˵϶ºۼ޷ǡ
Ƿ·עһҫ۵ǣԼĹâ̤ڶŵȽȽ

ǣ˽Ŀⶼڸߺϵʱһŭڹ̨Ϸ˷·˵ĶĤˡ
Ƕǧֻŭӵ̨ԱߣĹű֡ǿʹһϣһ˿˿Ѻ۳档
β׺ֱʱȻæһ֣ߺʤ֮˱֡
ǧ廯һ磬۵糸ķɱǵߣֲŴǵĶȡ
˫ðĿŸߺҧгݵĺúݵģҪѪծѪ
ߺڶǧвͲУĵ˵䣬ֲԳܵģϧ㲻
ǧͷһȭͷյÿֱ죬ǻŭһȭݺݵĴڱ̨֮ϡ
䣡
һ
ڸı̨ϳһȭӡȭͷϵĹؽɼ
ȭͷŸߺǧŤˣɭȻҪ㣬Ȼҽ³ǧٱ
ߺں˵ֻҪ㣡Ҫˣ㣡
ǧŻԵĶ̨ȥʱĽҲӦ˲ԭʧһ˲ڶǧߡ
ַڶǵϣɫأȻŭܻĶŸߺСúݵģ
ߺƱһɽѹһ㣬ˣվվˣҡڲͺҪһ㡣
ߺһԭѾǿַ˼ĵزˣֻǿƾԼھɽ֮¡
˵ˣܶûκε
̨֮ϣ߽岻վĵ˵ͬվĻи¸ǣ֣յˡ
վҪȥסĽϾߺԼӵĸ磬ˣ¸߽粻øԼС
Ҫ֪һĻʣκһŶֵġƮڵͷɽׯɽׯĿҹǻԹڻٺòˡ
һӰ죬ͬһһ˲佫ѹڸߺϵ롣
ڹۿסǽ࣬Ȼһߺصˡ
Ŀ˸ߺһۣЦôμѾֵزʧ˾Ҫɱڡ
ԼƱԼĻĽɫǵͨ죬һĿ⿴Լеޱȡ
˲֪ǧǵĹϵԼǶμʿξȹǧڶδΪʿ֮ǰͶǧǺܺõ顣
ڶһڳʧܣԷɱǿĶ֪Լ츳ޣ޷ԸԸΪμҵʿʿķԼ󱨵ôԴ˱ڶǧңһֱڡ
ԭϣĿĶǧոĽ˵仰̳˹ȵס
˿ԼĽ̾һֱϵĹͷѾˣȫѾˣϵľҲȫϣҪǣЩȻ˺꣬ѾˣΪˣѾȫˣ
Ҳû뵽ǾȻ˵֮أҪǸߺĺȻ˴ƻ
Ϊֻ˫ֹۣ⻹޸Ŀܡڶϵ˫ȣ֫ǣ²㣬û뵽ߺĺȻԷֱϵľȫϣֲǺԷ궳ˣϡ
ⲻýЩЦЩھȸߺǸǾڸߺʵ
ȸߺҲĿĵģǸղŸߺʩչĽܸȤΪ⽣е˵ĽϹŽ߾ʽ
޸޾ݣ͵˶μôһеòԡ
˳ߺҲЩ졣Ҫ˵꣬ѶȲһĴҪÿ˵ⶼвΧš
Щ˫н˵꣬ʹ˺ͻЩﵽͨ
ߺЩˣԼĺշصеǿı飬ǿű鱾жǰνǻ꺣ĲƵ٣׵Ľ궳ˡ
½Ҳߺĺסûˡǰνԭˡ
鲻֮Ͼߺû˶ԷҸߺȰǧöֹͣ䣬ֻǶǧûˡ
Ӷǧǳ޵Уߺ֪鲻ô򵥾ͽģڣٸԼһλᣬԼԻô
λ֮β׺
ڱԱʣˣŵĵطַλͬһ㣬ŸԵء
ҽ嫣
嫷ǿޱȣý޿κΣֽдֻϵµƤˡ
ȫ¶ѪǽģȻޱȣǴ󲿷ֶƤˣͺ޴󰭡
ʹԼǿһһ
һ쳣Ĺ죬ƽһȴĶ⽣£جΣԼ֪ΪαС
תȥͷݺݵĵ£һӭȥ
ϣ
ȥ嫱һǿļڵϡ
վΪⲻƽļҴ򣬽һ嫵һһݵ˶Ҳ޷벽
ȴĻһ£ٺֱЦ
Էǿ嫣춼оЩΡղŵսԼһʱת˵һ⡣
ԷĽվûң㡣
ͨһ㣬𳤽һɿԽ˺ѵĴӿ뵽ĽУȻݺݵȥ
̨һˣǽơ
ҪȻˣǹɽѾĽ֮ס
˫ָ߾٣ĽУǷĽ˲ͽ嫵ɣ嫵ÿһ϶ɼǵ˿ڡ
嫵ĺ֮֮һҲĵط֮һԽԥѡط
ðɣˣͷһЦ
˵ͷãûнƣӮ㼸ǲ̫ܣ
β׺ʤһǶǧս⡣
ʵʵܽǿ̫ˣ½ɣϵ껪ǿߣ̭ˡ
ǧлûսʱ򣬶ǧ⹥ÿһȶһСɽѹȥ
ⱻǧһ߳⣬һѪȥ̨ϵĶŵ̸֮ɫ࣬ǰ߹֮һܼսˡ
˶ǵӣŵǺûϸߺģڸߺ·Ϊһʡ
һսǸߺս˼ǳҼۺ죬˼Ҳû뵽ߺߵز


49 Ʊ
ˬķ󴵹ḧ˵ϣޱȵ泩Ǳ䳡ǵܲ׵ĺۼ淢ļս
̨ϣֻӰңңԣһɫ··շȼһһϮ£˫ɫĳͷ߸˿쳣
˾Ҫб˼ߺ
˻ΪչϵƾڿлײÿһκҵĶײڿдһСС硣
֮սߺߺռ˰̨Է˼еռһı̨ϵԷĺҵĳ档
˼ߺĺĵˮ©һ˿˿޷ߺĽǰ
ߺղżεս˼˸ߺǿεģԸߺҲ˸߶ȵӡ
رǸղŸߺǵսǾ޵һԼľսûĶһ
ǵʵͬʦ˵Ҳʶ
λʦؿɼǵץۣ߹ǵĶѣ˾ò
ǿһˣȴߺзˣ˶Ϊϡ
ߺǿòӣΪˡߺһԼִǸܶһǰöһ޶˼ޱȵĺ£ʱβ׺Լǰ棬ԼҲͬһ˰ɡ
Ǹߺǿ˼ԾԼʤȯգΪģΪ̨α̨øģֱǶԼս
ⳡսϯϵ˷硣
˵θߺ᲻ٴ¸ߣ˼ܰ
ܰɣ˼ٲҲǻ߰ߺ֮磡
ǣ˵˼ڽϴƵţôܻᱻһתСӴأ
Ҳͬ⣬ݿǰսÿһθߺΪǱȶϺö࣬һתΪʤˣ
˲һǻأʱһЩŭˡ
һָ֧ߺҲʾߺʦ껪һǻأҲ˻嫣
ڿ̨ϵ껪Цֹ˵˵ô˵Լˡ̨ϵȫľע̨ϵˣĬĬΪߺģҲЩڴ
ΪֹߺûʹԼȫʵ뿴ߺȫʵʲôļ

̨ϣ˶޹ؽҪţһͬջȥ
ߺߵһҺܾȣʤսᣡ˼ĵ
ߺһЦϣԸ
˼һĵ쵹ͦӲ㵽ʱʧܺǷôӲ
ǻԭ
˼˫ߺȥƬƬһ˫Ʈ˳ͬһֻֻɫĺڴзӵڿ裬ߺȥ
ǧѰ
ߺ岻ͣЩķ϶ӹͺƴؿռƬ֮⣬վ˼ǰ
ٺ٣̫ˣһٳǣ˼ϲߺƬƬлмȥһɽĻ棬ߺѹȥ
ȵϢȼƵãǶܳ˲Ӱ
ӿ
оı仯ߺһƣ޴ı˲γɣϵضĴȥ
ڣ
ϵıڻڻˮǶϨ𣬷˴̶
ȻбߺסˣǱϾߺǲִٶݺݵȥ˼վλá
ߺڿתݺݵ˼һƣԺǿġɽˮ
˼Цݹ̶ϣû뵽ߺķӦȻ˿죬ڿоܷʽæӭ
֣
˼˲˻ɫγ˲ƣƵ·ɼƿһĻ㡣
ﬣ
ߺͷ޾ĺ˼ðųȵĻ档ܵĿ˲䱻ನ飬һεĲм䲻ϵͷš
ߺ˼˫ϷҲϵɢˮߺĺϵ뵽ԷڣκζԷǻսȥͱɫΧϾƵһ㱻ԷΪޡ
ҲǺã˼ڱ룬֧Ԯֵ󴦾뺮Ӧ˼ϵĻ治ϵСѾˡ
˼Ʋã¶ֽճȭȭߺС
ߺ˼Ķ̧Լȣϥ˼ȭͷӭȥ
ϣ
˷׷׺ˣÿһڸĽ̨İۡ
һ֣
˼˫Ʊʺޱȣ˫Ƶȴûл棬˫ϵɫҽһ㣬ϲϵźɫ
˫΢΢ʹ߸Ծ·ɣڿлҽƵûƣڿγһƬԲɴСĻƣߺѹȥ
˼һ֣˵ÿһֵȶȶϼٶȣӡϣȼ
û˼ɴ˵ߺˣ
ߺ˫΢УҲЩȣ̲ס̾ʢ֮ʿû뵽ƾȻǿ˹ʵѾﻯ۷ĳ̶˰ɣ껪ǿһҲǴ˶֣
ȹ龪ȣǸߺɲԴеˣοпǿ󣬵ǻߺС
ֻߺƾһشƷӿߺ֮У̨Χţ̨Ŀǿƶס޷
ڱ̨ϣ۳һССı飬ڵ˸˸⣬ʹǵ۾
ǸߺĿұ졪ƣ˵ߺĽһɵĻôߺıƾʹﵽɡ
ҪСɣǽƵıֹ
˵ʱʱ죬˼˫γɵĻѾߺߣߺǰĿóޱȣһľͷŵм䣬һ˲ͻһľ̼
Ըߺһ£ȴǺޱȣﵽ˾˵ʮȣʮȷչ
ԴӸߺԺԼк¶ȴﵽ˾˵ʮȣڸߺѹԼıƣͷųֻһɵıơߺ֮ȫͷſôʣ䳡ﵽʮ¡
ߺûдôĵɱֻʣƽؽãȻһɺơ
ȻѾܶˣǵڶǧ뽣ûʹȫߺ֪ûʲôƣߺ͸֪ˡ
ڵԽ࣬ʤԽߣϾ֪ɱоͲɱˣҶ֪ĵʲôô֮ܳΪأ
׳ɽӣ
̨еĺ˲䱻սߺ֮ڣߺһȥ
һɴСĺڸߺϷγɣͺһ˵ľһ㣬ϵ·ɼһ޶
ǸſָݺݵץȥȻС˵㣬ȴǻƿԱġ
䣡
ƽץУȻߺָ£ڿһĶ߬Уںвϵı仯״ϵŤ
ĻȫסˣȻǻ״ı񱻾һ顣
ڳ˶һĻˣ۶Ըգһ£´澰
ֱǹ֮ƾȻ·һ㣬ǻŪڹ֮䣬ﻯѾﵽʮָĵز
ʵǲ֪ڸߺԵʣĸߺﻯεѾȺ龳ǿˡ
ƣΪʲôҴû
ѵƣôôأ

ֻ̨֮и߽ɼ֪ӦþǸߺ˵ıˣֻû뵽ƾȻǿ˹ʵһ
Ƽ˼ץȥ˼ŵĻ겻壬ֻ̨ȥ
Ȼ֪涨ýɱðգɲϣԼΪһģһƾǰ֮
󺣣
ӵ̨µ˼ԲģһȥҷĴЦǿһСҲǻƵУǰ¸ոɹҽڣռ˵Ҫ֪Ǵģ㲻оڿôסҾ㳢̳ɵζ
еԴԴϵı̨У˼վĵطʼ̨ͨ죬Ҳϵȥܿռ֮һı̨
˼ŵҲŵ⡣Ͼߺûǿߣڿгʱͣлʱ򣬵ʱߺɡ
ߺҡҡͷĵԭ뱩¶ŵƣû뵽˼ᷳޱȡ
˼Ȼ㲻Ҿͳ׵׵Ļ㣬ģߺ˵꣬˼һ޶ڵϡ
һشӿߺƣֻϴǿ˲١
һɱơ
Ӹߺڵλÿʼ̨ϸһ㺮ں֮ϲϵһ̣ÿ̶ߡϵȥ
ͣ
ȵ̨ӣ˴̶иߺıʤһϵĽ֮ѹƻȥ

һҽ𣬱ڵ˼ִһ̽˼ƴ̴
ĿļѴɣߺڵϵָ£еı̷׷׻ΪĩƮɢڿУҫγһƬ
žžž
˼Ĺû꣬ܵߺƽϳɵĹСӣ
˼ֱеľϵ룬ԭеһǿҵײ
ߺȻˣ˼ұ۵ľѾƲˣ½ļ¶Ҫ붯ˣȻܻܿ÷ϵ


50 Ҿ
˼ߺˣߺȡʤ
̨ϵĻڳæ˼̨ϣƴϵѪ˼˻Ƶźţֽ֣ڵϣ
ɫɷףŵɪɪæҵĽ˼еԴԴϵĽ뵽ԷڣΪ֮ˡ
Ҫ֪˼ڻɽׯĵλɲһ洫ӶѣĸʵȨ֮һүүǻɽׯϡ˺飬һߣ˼ڻɽׯǱȽʵȨһ
˼˺ΨһӣҪ˺֪ԼûбӣôԼϿ¾ͷˡ
ʵȻΪŻɽׯ߲˵緱ǣһץҲץΪϵ˺ҪԼֻ˵һ仰ҪԼ
еȥԽԽ࣬˼ԽԽûˣɤ˿˿ѪɫҲԽԽڡ
ԭǣ˼ұеľڱ¶ȼ͵ĺ¹̫Ȼǳȵұеľѡ
ߺεЦ㲻ԼȥЩһ֮ͻȬѾеľѣұ۾ȫˣ֪ˣ
ߺת̨Ծȥߺ˵Ļ˼ȫˣɫɷףô˵Լ־ǷˣɶĸߺҲŹģҪ
˼Ŀһ֮ҲǺˣԼôһºԼָܻˣȥһҪүүϵְλ
ڵ֪˽ٵԼϣδߺǾ仰ŭѡ
Ȼ޸ߺ޵ҧгݣȴҶԸߺ֡ûղŶĽԸߺ֣ס
ο漸˵ĶԻóߺ죬֣磬˾ͽˣԼȫǶְ
¶ģһлҪɱߺйԼͷ֮ޣ

һˣʤǸߺʱֻʣˡ
̨ϣ˱Ƚ˷ܡ
ֻԼüһʱͷ޶Ų̄ɧ졣
֣ԼûпˣߺţԻһصΪȻܹǰοʮ꣬һͿԻõһˣ
ûߺܹٻףʵǽǧʵ̫ˣ¸ոսĻ߶Ҫռʲô˰ɣ
һ˾ͽˣǿһολԼŮ۹е
β׺ɤӣǰˣѡ̨
Ӱ׷Ծ̨ϣ֮վעˡ
˺ŷͷԼĹâ˧ޱȵȫ޲Ŀ
쳤÷ǳüĿݰף񣬱ͦر˧һֱֱͦϵĲϵķơ
ǧһְ˧˿ȻޱȣָʹϵɽһضΡ룬Աߵ˶о
ĿǸߺ΢۵ϳ޾ᣬͬ겻ĺһϮҲ˸о˺ޱȣϵƱȽ֣ûͷʲôƣǽǧȴ˿޷Ӱ졣
ֻнǧ֪ߺȫɢ޾ĺ
ǷɽƸոմߺƣͷ׷ױᣬȻΪޡ
˵˧ÿ̨ڶŮΪ֮УΪ֮
˧ˣͣһܶڣʲô
˵˧ǶǧʤҲǧ㿴ӣΪԣ
˧㿴Ƕǧӣ룡
ʱһŮҸоߺ˧ˣΪ֮ԣһϮ˿ޱȣҸߺģǰ;
̨ϳһţΪ֮Цû뵽̨ϵôǿ˵ӣԴ˺ں
кֻж֣κα仯񶼲⡣

ڿ̨۵һ˾ͽ˾ͽ̣֣裬֣
˾ͽ֣裺磬˵˭ڰ
֣˼һ˵֣վˣ磬汿ȻǼҺ磡Բ԰ã
˾ͽֻʶĶһȴʼעű䳡еĸߺдŵ뵣ģгԣ
˾ͽ֣Ǻĵϻ̶ߺǲµһ϶˵ǣ
ʵ˾ͽ̲ںߺܷȡõһϣߺǧҪˡ
Ϊ˾ͽ̵ֻиߺߺû뵽һȴ˶һҪ֪ʱ᲻ỹһأ
β׺ӸղžһֱԱ߿ţֱײҵĻ𻨡
бŷ⣬ǧ޾ŭߺеսŨͷųĺƶʼīسɹ棬ǲϵǧƼѹȥ
β׺ߺദҲ֪˸ߺƢߺ쳣ʵȫһսķӣٲֹĻһߺͻᷢ𹥻ʱ˭ֹûˣ
һ֮ƻΪޡֹеˣߺսѾﵽһ˼ĵزˣ
ߺоõǧ뽣ǿǳսսѪҺֱȼˡ
ֻսʧȥǣо־оԼʶ뵽һط
һɫ磬ӰÿӰսÿʱÿ̶սĸߺоԼҲսĶһ˫ڵӰӡ
ʵУߺϺȻս⣬սֱŻƽɫĹâͷ𣬳忪סԼİɫڿз衣
ߺ˫㺮˲ͽߺưΧ
սߺȺһһĳˣǹķȴǶǧ뽣죬β׺
β׺һ㶣Цѣԭֻ̨ϻϤһ¶֣Ȼһı򣬵û뵽ʢֻվһͷƲϵײս⡣
û뵽ǣԼȻֹˣֹǵһ˲ߺȫʧˣͺԼƻսȻԼ
ӭĲˣβ׺߾ֻ֣ͨͨȥһɺɫγһɵȭӰһ˲ͽԼĲ˺ѳƬɿУһأЩɳȥıвʯͷ
ߺһΣ˲ʧԭأͬһһβ׺ıиߺûڵӰӡȻʶгɹĽӰе£Ҳ˵ߺʶ֮Ѿȫ˻Ӱɵĵһ㣬Ӱ
ٶȿľβ׺һȥ

ڻɫռУսʵһ޶ǵӰʹ붯һģһ
ߺǺɫȭӰԽӽĺëըʵ̫ˣҲֻʩչƽܽȭӰƿ
ȭӰķǳ죬ԽԽӽȭӰߺмת˼ԲߣȻһš
УǸƣһûأϲĻӦǰ벽Ӱ⡣
еǰֱߺ˲ʲôӰӰһˡӰ쵽һ£˲ʧԭأǸӰ
û뵽ӰӦʮݣոճ֣ǸӰԼŻ
ߺ˲͸оһɼ᲻ɴݵԼѹӲԼȴͬһˣԼĸȴް취
ν
Դ״ߺԥʹ˰νһĨĽ⻮νսʱһ
սʱ򣬸ߺûʹƣֻǴеģȻһˣƻȴһ㡣
ǵʱϽƣôȴǵǶô򵥣˲ͻᱻն롣
ϣ
ߺ˺ʮÿһڸĽӡ
β׺ıһȫм˺룬ǰŷƮڿУ¶β׺ʵұۣβ׺ұһİӡ棬ǵӡһ㱡β׺Ƥס
ĺ˳β׺ľ߽ȥȻβ׺˿˿ʹ
β׺һ⺮Ȼ˺ֻβ׺˵̫ˣҲǿʹˣһ𣬾ͽǹɺɢеĺҲһ𣬱ɢˡ
Ȼˣβ׺ȴȵĿɿڴߺĺʵ̫ǿˣҪԼ˵ȥ¸ߺ̾ͻڷ
ղԼȻֻһɵǾһɵͿԻһոսΪصߣǸߺȴˡ
ҸߺĺȻ˺һǿߵ֪꣬ǽЩǼǿ֪ߺᱻ˲ݻ٣
ߺڱбָ죬һӴɣǶѵĵսͬӵһ㣬˷ȥ
̨ϵ˶һĻŪˡ
ô£ߺôβ׺սˣ
β׺ߺ˰ɣղβ׺˵ƻˣѲɾһ˲β׺˺˸ߺ
֪Ϳߺƴβ׺һС
ߺǿǸߺȫʵǸߴɵıҵϿһ˲ĵķѣ
԰ߺٶȿľһһǱȲϵģ

֮⣬̨֮ϣüͷ壺ѵǴ˵е֮е㲻񰡣
֮Ǵ˵еһ־磬˵֮֮ÿһǿһӦҲɱ
ֻ״̬߶ߵһľпܽģпܣȫ
˾ûе־磬ǶԸߺǷ뵽ҾʮֵĹġ
ʱǧȴϲɫһߺĵƾͻ᲻ϵı¶ʱԼʤ͸аˣ
һβ׺Ҳ뵽ˣԸߺĸоοߺһ˰ŵ˼һΣ˲ԭʧ
β׺ʧ˲䣬ߺ֮һֱ۴һ£ߺ˹ȥ
ʱ֣ոֱ߽˾ͽ̽뵣ĵɫнߺ֣ա
ഫβ׺β׺˼һ£Ҿ磬ֻսǿ󣬶ʱɥʧǣһַ״̬˵ǼҾɣȷе˵ӦǿҾ磡
β׺Ƕ˵һ¸ߺ״˷˲ģ½͸ϾڼûһҾĵӣһ뵽Ҿ磬ǲò취ٵ
ǽɳǿܻ֮ƽ⡣
ЩϧϾߺܽ޾磬ǾĴ쵽˰ߺܵ龳磬ϣôҲǲܵģ
ȻǸߺܹ뵽Ҿ磬ض⵽׷ɱЩϼһҲᰲȻɽУǳѰҸߺˣ
ɫβ׺쿪ʼеһս֮俪ʼбÿһ˶Ҫսʤ֮Ϊһʣڱһ˵ǵһ˭ǵڶ
սһսǧһʱָָʵ֮󣬽еڶߺսǧһʱ֮еߺս졣
β׺תԱ֣յĸ߽ѵʱתɣ
ıڸߺһ־֮ˣҲҵս
Ƕ֪ǿʵᵽʲô̶ȣÿһ˵ļ޵ģ
ղβ׺һ㶫ڸߺǿҾ磬ߺĿҾԲʱֻҪǷսͻתҾ硣
ΪղܸоĳߺҾ󣬴˿˿ҾʣǾǼÿһǸߺȫһ
ǲὫ˵ڵģ˵ҲǶԸߺ˵


51 VSǧ
ߺʶһƬڰУʶҲֻһ֣ۣۡȫĹͷɢһ㣬ȫһ᲻ˡ
ںڰߣһⶼ֪˶೤ʱ䣬Ȼо˲ҡԼӣߺȻ
΢΢˫ۣǿҵĹâʹ˸ߺ˫ۣʹߺȫǰľ
һߺ˫Ӧ˹ߣǰľȫӳ
ԭߺڱ䳡ε֮󣬾ͱ߽ɱ֣ңѾ˯һҹˣֵڶ峿ߺٲͻֹ䳡ɥʧʸ
ʵ߽ɶԸߺܹҲжϣ֪ߺ뷨ߺĿǵһ
ߺˣ˽䳡
һ·ϣ֣յ˽ߺҾ֮һһߺ֮ʮ־棬ΪսսǸɫǸӰսһ޶Ƿֺ
ʱһ·̸жȹһߺ˱˱䳡һ·ϲϵ˶Ըߺͷʾá
ΪߺչʾԼǿʵԼж֤ԼһȽ˵š
Ψ½ϣֻҪʵͿӮ˱˵أߺѾصʵȻܵ׷
Ȼһ·ϲʾöѣһȺŮϵĶԸߺۣôСûŮӽӴĸߺЩ졣
׸ߺӵб꣬һޱ侲Ըߺϱָɫ
ܹøߺȫʧȥǵĻҲֻһ˰ɣǾսֺս
Źֹͣ䳡Ĵ֮رգǰĸˣÿһɢŵĲǻء
̨ϣǧԶ
죡վҶ֪νҴڱ֮һҪϢ˭һֱӹϵĸǧĿŽ죬˵
ǧԼ˵ĻһЦδ˵̫ˣ˭һ㲻˸ߺɣ
ǧЦмĶԽԭһΪǸ֣û뵽ߺСΪǿߣεһĪˣ
Ȼոߺʮ־ȣһС󣬲Ϊǣֳ˷ǱѰʵԼǲ˲١
һ¸ߺĺһ롣֪ߺڶԸߺЩΪȻ
ǽǧĸоһ͵ֱڸߺϸоһΣյϢ
ͶԼĸоʮΣоڸߺᵭȻ£һɼΣյϢϵӣϢƺԱһУԼΪĽ
Ҳ䡣
ߺǿ಻֪Լߺս˭ʤ˭䣡ڶǧȷʧΪһǿУΪ̫İʹֵʵΪԼ޵еģ
뵽⣬΢΢ҡҡͷॡƷʣɫ̫ķ˸˸â
ڰγһ˲䣬Լ·ԼҲһɢ콣ϿյĿгˡ
޻εǰһһɵĽ·޳ǧɱȥ
ڿнն룬ڵĽһȫսǧս̽ʲôѾˣҪǿȡʤǽҵļƻܸ˳ʵʩ
һ콣ǧȻҲ֪ʲô⣬óأӸ߸Ծɨȥ
УϺȻЩѸ۳һɽӰݺݵǵѹȥ
ɽ
ϣ
ߴɵɽ룬ǽҲþɢڿСǿײĴȥǽ̨һߵİۡ
ոˣһĨֱֱǧôƽƽһȴ˶޿ɶ޿ɱȡ
ǽལĵھСһ
ȻΪ޷׹ӳӦеʵǽһҲԶԶһ˽׹
ǽûǾ콣Ҳûлһеƽƽǧ
ǧȻСһУжŰ֮£ľһܺõӡ
ɽ
ǧԾֱֱ򽣼ȥڰкȻʧһ£һڰγһװ׵СɽƮŶǧĽǽȥ
ڰСɽ粽ǰڰн
ߺһҲһˣ֪߸ߺǿƽܣζֻΪһĴڣ޷֡
ξǧһУߺ֤ʵԼĲ롣
ﬣ
뽣ཻǿʹܵĿըѿ̻ͬһ㲻ϵ漤䣬̨̳һһס
ڶǧĿȣཻ֮ǰͱǿҵ̳Ƭ¶ڵƷȡ
ڰУǹɰӰɽƺֿסˣЩεȫ̵ǧٿ׺ɢڿС
ЩεǧǧоԼϵĺëը֪ЩԼˣǵȵЩ̵ԼϣԼαذɡ
ģɽȣֻ߳һȡ
ǧҽأѸٴ򽣼ȥص£ɫСɽڿУҵһ𣬳һɽ壬ɽаӰϱ˴ͺɽйһ㡣
ңɽӰϵƯ¸εײ
ըϵײͬڿвϵ
ϣ
ҵײʹ˲ϵĺˣеɽһΪޡ
ܵסһ֤㻹쳤бָڵأĶԶǧ˵
ǧղҲԼȫʵǸղǹɽԼĵ֮һ
ı̨ղŵսѾÿӿˣⶼ˵ʵǿɵģ
ȣ
ǧȻתͬһ㣬ÿһȦһŽ߳ȣÿһȶͬɽһѹȥʮ־ˡ
һתϬޱȣһش򳤽ӿȥǽƣղŽʹõÿһвûʹýơ
һнƵĽǧγɵǵ磬;ĵطڸ̨һĽۣ
ǵǧγɵǵϣǧֻתȦ߳˶ʮȣǵȫ顣
콥ƶڸ̨һһӡÿһӡ
ɫһĻеĳǧÿһг롣
ڵĽһɽƣߺŽĽӦŽƵĲ׾֪Ǽɽ
Ŀǰõһɽǲ֪ûʵ
ͣ
ÿһǧһƵҲĽϵĽЩӰ飡
ģǧӰٶ׼һᡣ
̨ȥɣеĳֱָǧɫĽâдŽƣĦſǧ
¡¡
һͬžһ㣬ֱǧؿڴȥ
ʱǧתȦҲ̫ˣȻ΢΢ЩΡģģĿһĨɫĽâױȵԼؿڴ
æ֮У̧ȣâӭȥ
䣡
Ƚǧһɳ̨¡
ɫޱȵ˫бŷԹ޵ĹâЩڲһһŵأû뵽ûõϣȻ䶨ˣ
ҡҡͷʹʩչһҲҵĶ֣ʵͬ˵Ļһ㣬Դ󣬹ֵţǾǽˣ
㲻ǧˣβ׺Լʤ£˱̨һĹ̨
һʱ
ǧҲû˵ʲôҲصָ̨һߺսˣ
Լʤߺսʤ죬ôԼжڵĻᣡ


52 ںɽ
һʱսαʱ˴һƥߺμǧս
̨֮ϣĽɫޱȡû뵽ǧȻ˽죬μسݺݵĴһơ
Ľ³һĵûлõһȻԶμҵеӰ죬ǵڶĻҲԽܣ˵ߺ֮󣬶ǧһ뽣սĻᣬʱ򻹻ǵһ
ûߺڣɲΪһŵӿʤԼĶǧڽ죬ɽģȻҲʤǧ
ʵһ㣬ǶǧŵƣżʹǽҲܹеܣ
ֻʮΣʩչȣʹԼЩ£ҵһ̵̨£ʱ˵ʲôҲѾˣ
̨ϣβ׺ɤӣһʱѹƮڸߺμҶǧ̨׼
ǧֻһµ·һϮɫۣĻûв·棬Ǵ·档
ɫҫ۵ĳۣͷϽڣ΢ԻɫͷǺɫĻȣԵӢɷˬ
ߺһɫۣںڵĳֻ򵥵һɫĳ߸ԭھʣһˣΪ˸ߺ΢΢ЩˣϾǱԼ̵һʱ䣬ı֮£ʹƷƷҲԲһ
ȴԼ񾳽ʱڹβ׺ˣڲ
ǧ˫һţ̨֮ͬȥһģӰڿȵڱ̨ϣӴ˴ԿǧȹѾߵĵزˡ
̨Ե̨Եʮɿ⣬ǧֻһԾаɾ룬֮ǿ֪
ʦܣ
ߺվ˵ϵ˿˿ҳֻ̨ñ˽תһ㿴㿴̨֮ϵ껪ߺʵĿ껪
ֻ껪һ̽Ľ˫ַϣʦܣƮʮ֮һġݡһʱˣʦܾһսѣҽ˽ʦʹãףʦ쿪ʤ
ߺȻ껪˿˿壬ΪԷȻԸʹã治ǿġ
Ҫ֪һ˵ԼĵڶЩ߽ıԼҪ껪һϵжʱ򣬸ߺӶԷпϣ˵ʵĽԼ
ΪεˣøߺޱȾ壬ȷĲҲɢˣ
ߺ˫ֽӹֽս
ॣ
ʣɳɫǸ̹ͬһ㣬۴αȡ
Ǹź⣬ߺŴ˽˺κһƷѴ֮
ᡭ
ϻŶߺ˫ֽݻ껪껪ߺĶŪЩͷתԵʵʦǺ⣿
ߺһЦʦֵߺȻյˣ˽ʦְӲԭ¸ߺܽܣʦңջش˽
껪һصĵ˵ͷղӦս֮ʱԼûѡŸߺɴ˴ΣԼһ֧ʦܣһ˳
ߺ˹֣һ̳ڱ̨ϡ
ǧӵĿ˸ߺһۣ˵ôЩϻʲôеʱĻɣ˵ǧɫһ䣬׶ͬԾĵˣ
ߺȻ֪ǧΪôԼˣͲ֪ɵʱоˣ
⣬ǧŭɶƱͬһΡĸɽһ㡣ǧ磬ߺٳͬһɽߺѹ
ھߺһɵʱεضȳºݺݵߺѹ
ߺ;Լͬھɽ֮һ㣬ǹɰѹĴа̾ΪϹȶμңȻЩʵϣ
Ӱ
ߺһ˲ʧԭأһ֮⡣
䣡
ǧӡ˱̨֮ϣڱ̨ӡһӡ
ߺֻֻͨһ޷ҿ㻹ǹԹԵҷϵľؼҳȥˣǧ̨ϹЦ
ߺ˫бŷµĺ⣺룡

һɷ·̨֮ܽϵĿǧϯȥ·һЩǱǱ飡
ǧߺԼһƣȼٵڿлһƬӰγһӰɵɽ壬Щѹȥ
ϣ
ײϵĽеӰһ֣ÿһζӰЩһ֣߻Ϊޡ
ضɽҡɽˮ
ո𣬸ߺ̴ƣƸߺȫںҲǿ˲١
ǵضɽҡһͽܵĿȫƬƬ飬̨γһƬһƬա
ɽ
ǧƵضɽҡƱ֪ƷͬСɣǲȫ޷ƽ⣬Ժԥʹ˹ɽһ뽣սʱǿ
ĵɫɽӰһɽϲϵаɫӰοĸһӰΣģĹӰɽһŭҵ쳹䳡
һЩΪµĵɫ԰ף³һѪ̨ϡ
䣡
𶯵ƾɽӰײһɽ֮кöӰ飬Ǹıǹ䳹ǵĺסƾһһѿɢڿС
ƾǿǱϾƵ޷ɽ۶ɵӰ䵭ҲԽԽ
ʱߺĸɽˮˣͬŸߺȻڿںˣΪµһС
ǵضɽҡƾܵɽˮ֧Ԯûм䵭ԽԽǿ𶯵ҲԽԽǿ̨һƣ̨Ҫһ㣬ҡҡ
̨֮£ֻһֱֵ֧β׺Ҳܵ𶯵ɫһ䣬Ϊò϶бƣʹòּ˰ɵǿ֮ס
β׺ĿŸߺֻлһصСӸľʵڵ̫ˣȻܽԼһ飬սСǿ˲ٰ
СڽҾ磬Լֻһ޷ѹƶԷˣβ׺뵽
Ȼβ׺˵һԼƣȻĻߺ˵һˣʮ֮һӲ¡
꣬ԽսʹǿʵӽҾĿҾ磬ҪǷ·Աһеĺһжβ׺Ϊ֮Ŀ
Ƶβ׺ȣߺԼһҲû뵽ںϵһȫһ⣡
ƾϵĺɫɽ治צĹӰȫΣκεĶ
䣡
һͬ޴ıɽӰͬһ鲣㣬ƾ֮£ǡ
ƲģǧɱȥںϵʹǸߺں׳ɽҲȲϣڷеˣ
ı
һ˸ߺɵôȻʧʹøߺоԼһ顣
ߺ¶ģһҪŪΪʲôᷢ䣬һбԼµһС
ȻٽСضɽҡ򡰸ɽˮͲˣԸߺһµ֡ɽ
˵Ƶɽ壡


53 𽣳
ɽȻˣǸߺ֪лҪϸĥĥںȫһ⣬֮ܽȫںˣǾĵˡ
֮ǰлܳΪĵơϾлЩ˵ضɽҡɽˮں֮ǰ˵ǿһƵضɽҡУôɽơ
Уһں˸ߺ룺ܹںϣǲһ׳ɽҲںϽȥǵʱнǸߺǿһУû֮һ
ڵƾǧǳ򶨣ɫƽĵߺȷǷǳǿҳҿˣΪӮҾʹˣ
һȴ׶
ǧһ˵һ߸Ծ̧Ѹߺȥȷ˺ѿγƬƬը죬ͬһ㣬¡¡죬Ϊˣ
һ̨ЩΪߵ̽˫˵Ľ
̨ˣ˫һУⲻμҵĶɽȰɣ
ĽȻһЦȻǶɽȣҶμҵ˼ؼļףոǧʹôжԸ죬ڵʤ߾Ҷμˣ
Ľ˿һ۸ߺطɣ
˻һԾ
Ϊؼ;ض似ÿһؼǿޱȣһĺģ
ֻ֪ɽׯӵһ˼ؼҲΪˣƮڲɽׯһ˿
û뵽ӵһؼϢһضѪȷ硣
ɶμҵʲô찵ޣһȴôһϢѲ뽫̶ˮ˻첻ɣ
׹ڻ߻Ӳؼͬÿһߣܽɣʹһ˼ؼԺǿ߶СãԼʹǿ߶ۺĶ
ʲôؼӷĽĿ̨µĶǧҲκˣ½ҵ½˫۷â̰Ŀ޵Ĵһ
½˫ӷжһ˿֣˾ͽҲ˿˿뷨
˺Ȼ뵽ȻĽ˵ǾһԱʵԼȻСΪ
֣ѯʵĿһ˾ͽ˾ͽҲ֣磬ȷһ뷨ȷϵĵ˵ͷٴļ׵뷨ȣս
ԭվһɫ˼ˣԼȥˣΪԼǰ;еǡ
ĺȻĽ˵Ļ˫һ
ĵǽϢׯ죬ԼܾͱˣԼĿܡ
Ͼɽׯ˼һҶԼͶׯߡ
Ҫ֪ټĻɽׯҲֻһ˼ؼһԼûй
뵽⣬ЩȲĻȥʮ˹˹֣λȻѾûһɽׯʲôˣ¾ʹ˸ˣ
ʮںһߣ˵ĻȫȻɫΣɳ䳡аޣǺڵʱ
ľ¥ϣǸ˫ųһƺâͳĵؼȻؼ
Աߵʺ󣬷׷վϵѹƣɢƣһѹ˵ƾȫѹ˻ȥ
ӼһŵĲһǺߣϢЩȶȻǸոͻƲãǻ۷壬ʮǿ󣬿ҲͻƵıԵ
ҡҡͷȻ˵ؼ϶ϣҪ֪μȨ߲ǶĽǸϼһ
ǲܾͷôõһᰡŵؼҲֻ࣬Ǹе㼤
Цһս˼βⳡϷˣ
Ǹӽе˷ѹȥɻĵС²֪ʲôÿģҶǧȻؼˣǸиߺСذɰһʲôϷ
ߵһЦҿûô򵥣ǸиߺС˼һһصССߣȴһ·ն⣬Һ֪ģ˲˵ˣϸðɣ
˵ʲôļѹ£߲˵ǰעǫ̈̄ϡ
﷢£Ϊߵļǿһûз֣Ϊô򵥡

ǧһȴſըһеƣߵߺƾ֮ϣǿϵʹƾըѣɢڿС
ߺҲ϶һ㱡ıȻ󲻶ϵĶѻԽԽʹһҲԽԽ
һ׾
ǧϵ˲ˣ˵ղ˸оĿڷƣڵĸо˺¡

ڶǧϵĺһȫѿһըһ㣬һȼըڰ졣
һƾཻӴһ˲䣬ͷЩڿ̨Ŷߣ˫֮˿˿Ѫв˹ȥ
ڣߺƾжԷȾ׷ױ顣
׳ɽӣ
һ֮ߺƻۣһĳһɴСĺγɣɢ޾ĺȫˣ
ǧϵС˲٣ƿд˱ó˺ܶ࣬ôĴ
ǸеĶǧݺݵץȥ޴ָŸߺƽϲ£δǧҲܴ
ԭǧɢֵֵһɿ⡣
ǧҲôܣоܵĿȻɸԼѹҿޱȵĺ䣬·Լ嶼ˣҾеȻΪ̫䣬ԽԽ
ȥǰ취ʹԼһˣǧа룬ԭһ׾ȫܹƣڸղƽɽʱ˲ٵЩסС
һǣ
ǧؽҧһ߳һţеĺƺȻڲһּѷ죬ɢһء
֮ĶǧӰҲԳҲôˣһȵҲ¶ڿ֮¡
ߺֻԼ޾ˣԼĴЩ̵ԣӵ
Լͬһʯѹţʹޱȣ޾ίҪй
ߺԼ뷨һ£ﰵ̾йȻȻܹӰ˵ľ
ߺ㻹ʲôͣˣǧڿйЦߺĽͦ˼ɵģߺû
ʹнΣϿǴƷȣټһȵԴݻһƷ
Ǹߺ껪ݣΣˣҵǣߺûС
ƷûһƷ඼ϣϱסס˵
ϾһһصʹƷе̫˷˼Ʒģ󲿷ֶԼʦʦġ
ҲԼ뽣ƷǽģǼġ
Դ˵Ȼ£ҲˣΪһ߻
ॣ
ʵһĨɫĹâ𣬺ΨһĨɫյεȥ
ĨԶѸٴǧȣ̾ͬһһ㡣
ߺɫ󺣵ˮһεһбָǰһߵĽɸߺվĵطǧķӶȥͬһֱƵġ
ǽУһ㺮
ͦڰеĶǧϲţȻһ˹֮ϣͬһպĵӲţϡ
˲뻬ȥƷ֮ϣһĺۼǽۣ
ȻûƣȻˣһѪ˳ֱ¡
Ǻûбס˳ľͷԹȥڽϬĹȵˣûͻĲֻεıǧе
ĺȻʹöǧʶģʧȥʶһ˲䣬³֣Ʒ
û˵׹ٸϹĶĽסˡ
ûǱǸߺδùġ𽣣ڸߺֻǻһΪȫԦʹûȫͷų
пƷ߼ȻܽͬΪƷĻȻһۣ


54 μҵĹȥ
ǫ̂ϣĽ뵽ǧڣʹǧⳡǧѾˣ粻ǧŪѣôǧɸߺڲ
˵䲻ĻֹĻпܸߺǧϵ
Ȼǧ˱ǱϾԼԼһѵģԲ鷢
ոǿ𣿸ߺеĽ
Ʒûǽͳ̶ȣƷ
ȻƷǰսһֱûʹù׻˶ٰ
ԣߺԼ뷨ƷͨĽǿ̫ˣǰսĻôֽɱɥʧʸ񣬿϶ģ
β׺ҲһСӾȻƷǺ˰
껪ЦһֲҵأԭӵƷ
һʱ۷׷ף˵硣˭֪ߺ֮ǰսʹԭֻΪûʹùҲ֪˽Σ
ߺӶĽߺ޵񣬸߾𽣣۹ϿȥоڵҺ䲻
ʮ⣬˽ֽһԡνۣдղ
ת𽣣ӹ⻬羵Ľ䵽ߺУо΢΢ЩִۣЩºͣˮԵԣ
Ʒڻߵ˺ö࣬Ʒһ㣬мӲ̶ϴһ㣬ĺ촦
ƷֻںߵͷųȫһЩ߼ʹƷҲóһԼûͷųȫǷֹһЩɱ˶ᱦ
Щľʮǿ侲쳣ߡ
ν賤սĲԱһȺԼʵŵļһҪƷʾԼĲͬѰ
ڽǧڸߺһΪ̫ܼӴġбļܣûм۵ĸڶеı
ģںһƷ¼
ߺǺһЦеĵҸҪ躹һ㡣Ȼεҡҡͷе𽣵Բˣֻ֮Ƚˣ㹻ʵʱ򣬽ʱ򣡡
ȻˮԵĽ޷ʹãǱһ߿к˭أҪһ²֪ǲˮԳķɱ˶ᱦˣ
ҸߺЩͬ˵ĿӣΪߺʹú֪ӦƷϼ
ƷϼʹƮ֮ڶ֮͵ĴڣϵֻӵƷϼ
ļʹǺĵҲֻƷм֪ߺƷϼĻ֮ڣߺܻżڶ̫ɣ˵ڽˣ·϶ᱻ
ᡪ
ϻڶգߺת̨ȥ
վסСӣʱ򣬶Ľɭޱȵ˹
ߺתȥĵôѵһ£μҵͨأ
㣡ߣϷ򲻸һʶʵαμǷܶڲ̫ҪֻһƶѣĽһתޱȣһһϡ
ǣߺȴ˶Ľ˵ĻϣܺúñöҩҪ˶
ۣ
һ仰̺ǿߺĺƱһɽݺݵײһ£һѪֱԶ
ԭս˾޴ܵƺСˡ
ξĽ۳ߣҲ̺еƣɽ֮ƣߺˣ̲סһѪ˳
ƥ㡭β׺ߺһѪŭڣŭݣָָŶĽ˵ԱĲᡣ
ʱ̨ϼӰ֣֣磬˾ͽ졣̨ϵˣ֪ʲô飬ֻǿߺվվžһѪ
ʱ˾ͽ̣֣գ¾ҿԱסˣȻĻпֱ
ΪһǰȻˣμгϢߵߺǰƵڸߺĺ󱳣̽Ѱߺơ
Ľŭʲô£пǸߺǧսʱµˣ
Ľ˵ôһ޳֮Ļ֣磬˾ͽβ׺ԶĽӣǶԶĽΪַŭ
ԭμȫ˲Ű¼ʶˣԺμҪСһˣȻ֪ôأߺǿվ칰˹֣ʾⲻΪ˷ˡ
Ȼ˵ˣǶԸߺϢһ±ˣΪ֮ǰûˣҲϼˣԻָǱȽϼ򵥵ģʱҪһ㣬ҪʱøߺһսȽϵģ
ϾǧʲôСʵǳǿᣬڸߺ֪жǿʵ

ĽޱȣԼֻǶԸߺԳͽ䣬Ȼ⵽˼˵ǿұӣߺ޵ԼĸߺȻһμ֣һֱʤڡ
ɶ񣡡Ľаޣȭͷյÿֱ죬ȭй̨ϣȻ˲ͽı̨͸һֱ۴ϸĶ̨ϣףһһɻǵˮӿһ£Ȼȥˡ
ȻˮˣǿʹˮȻ齦ˣһȭǿױȡ
£ĵĵμңĽΪﵽĳ̶ˣ֪ұ
ԭΪԼʵڶĽ֮ϣȴôˣԷʵ̫ǿˣ
̨֮¥ϣ
μ׼ˣڶμѾûֵز𣿾ȻһС͵ϮǸϻǴŴⰻȻЦݣº͵˵
ԱߵĸѾĿɿڴˣǿӵؼĶǧһӮû뵽ʵȻ޷ȫݵĿǸߡ
ʶμң
ǵҲǣֻ̫ϳ˵ζμ뽫ո
ոⲻܰɣǲͬİɣμӦûûǿĵزɣ
ǺǣЦһ£һڲˮ˹£Ǿʹˣ̫ϳ˵⼸֮ǰƬǰһֽĹңڵĶμңʱĹʮֿɹڡʱμһ¼壬˻˺ܳһʱ䶷
ôڵĶμȴǰ˭μһܵģ
һգ˭Ҳ֪μҷʲô飬һҹ֮䣬ĵϵӵܣȫ𣡾ʱμҵ涼ˣ㱻Ա߼СĹ𣬼С֮˷磬ˣھת䣬̶ȣ
ô˵μڵʵָ۷ˣǼʹҲһͳڵĻɽׯټƮھ͹μҳһˣ
һЦμҽؼųȥ϶ʲôɸ˵ܣ


55 ƵĶԾ
ڸߺĽˣβ׺뼸ƳٱԸߺ̨»ָʱſʼ
µͬ񻹵ѯһµ˵˼Ҳǽ졣
Լʵʮģżʹߺ۷״̬ԼҲӮοߺʵ۷ʱʹ˷ԽԥĴӦˣ
ĽЩ飬˼ҵĵ˶û˵ʲôҲû˵ʲôֵμҲûоʹɢȥ
ڶǧѾȷˣǵ˵ԷӦûʲôˣѵҪǵĽǰնμҵʵ˵㽱Ӧȫаʵ˷ѽ⡣
ʱɫȻֹٱȡߺһֱҪȫҪһҪֳʤֻýűȥ
̨Ա߳˻ѣƻͨյͬ磬ߺ뽣Ե̨ԡ
ߺͿ㲻ô򵥣û뵽ȻôǿȻܴܶǧһ˵⻰һߺһȥ
㲻Ҳǽǧ𣿶սҿǿ˺ܾãԴӵһֱҾͿʼˣߺҲһ졣
ǧȻǿֻһĿˣԴķѣ㲻ʲô֣Ҳôİɣ
˵⣬ͻȻͣ˽Ų۾ĶŸߺҿЩҲȽ˼
ߺͷһ᣺˼û뵽ҵۣô˭Цֵ¼°ɣ
ΪҲǣǾͲ̽ʲô˰ɣֱóȫɣȻ㽫ûлǰվЦ

̨µ˱˵Ļˣ˾Ȼ˵ǿޱȵĶǧǷǧǷ𣿿Ѱ߶Ķְɣ
óôһۣǶǧ̫̫̬ˣǸߺȻԻһصΪߵزֱǸ档
ĽǱˣӣɷϷˣԼе˾Ȼ̸̨ԼǷһԼûеϣβŭ

̨ϣߵĻӳ˵ϣյͨޱȡ
̨ΪԲģ˳ʱ뷽߶Ϸױȵơ
콣죬ƲϵĹߺߺӿ޾ĺƷ棬ˮ©
˵ƾμҵײ˭Ҳ޷κ˭Ϭܽ䳡ֿ룬ߺǾ캮ȫסˡ
ʱߺˣָƣϵӿӨɫڻҫͨ͸ޱȣͬʯһ㡣
׳ɽӣ
һɴСγɣŸߺƺݺݵȥиߺûñƣ޷һл
Ȼ˵̽Ǹߺû뽣콻֣֪Σ̽һ±ȽϺá
ƺˣݺݵѹȥ
㣡ԳԼѹľƣŭȵ֪ʱӱС
ॣ
֣սνն
һǳɣһɵĽƿնֱֱնȥ
ϣ
ڽֻһӣͱĽն룬ȥʧʡ
ߺ㻹ɣȻ½ҿɲˣճֱͦ壬ͬһǡ
ߺо̾ѣղŽ췢ĽУߺо˽ƣǾ˵һɰ뽣ƣȻԵĽƣɲС
ҸߺҲ֪Ľ״ﵽ˻ɣȻ˵һЦ㾡ɲؿȫţ
˲˫һУ˲ʧԭء
ʲôߺ˫͹ԷȻṦҿ
Ҵ⣬ߺ߸߱˲ڿУȫע¿ȥҪҵڵλá
̨֮ϣ˽
ʲôṦȻôãǰսôûʹð
ʱ϶ΪԷûʸɣ
ǰɴ˿ѾʼӸߺˣ
ǵģߺṦҲ治֪˭ǿ˭
˵ߺҲ֪Լ뽣ṦΣȻǰսҲṦĳ֣˵½ڵ෵죬껪оȶʮֵǿ󣬵Ǹߺһ㡣
βͬڽٶߺ۶׽֪Էģⳡսô
Ȼڸߺûнеϣûۣ֮֮۵Ļǿ϶ڸߺôҪԷһ
Ȼߺ̨·һߣ췢ָߺ̨ˣȻͣ壬׼ֱָߺ
һ˲ߺץסᣬӰп˲ʧڿУһɲǳֽһȥ
ﬣ
оƷ磬Ѹתһߺơ
ߺ׷׺˼ÿһڸ̨ĽӡȻзֱʧԭأԷȥ
˵ṦѾе£̨Ϸһֺܹ󣬿սֻܿģӰ̨ĳһ䣬Ȼһţÿһγֶڵ¼ĽӡлвĽ뱻Ŀ
˵ṦǸ߾ҿҶû˭Ͱˣ
ٶȿֻлص߲а취սɣһĻһصߴ˵ͬǻһأߺĲ̫ˣԷ²óȫֻһƿҾͰˣ
ﬣ
˵Ӱڱ̨ģƽݺݵһһǿķڽ㴦γɣɢȥ˵ȻݺݵĴƮͷƮȥ
ȥʮɶµĿű˴ˡ
ߺǸõĶ֣ҪȫˣСһɣ
Ҳ˵ģǻǲҪ˷ˣṦƾУ
ãҲôΪģ
ལ棡
ճߺȥ֮ǰĽâͥ
ǸߺС飬һ㺮Ÿߺƣһߺ񣬶ҾӨ͸Ӳޱȡ
ӿ
һ֮ưŸߺԷһУһɱƣһȥ

ǿƺĽƾȻ̺űƵıһƿ˴мһ±룬ƿĳҲʵ޻˽죬ɫĽâҫĸߺ۶ˡ
ߺľҿԼûСһУоȻеһŨȣʹ޻һǿױȡ
Ƶ̺ƵĲӿԺ⽣еС˲٣Ѿ޷ˣ
źһµס˽һ֮ץУǣսиƬ
ߺ˲ʧ֮󣬲ѪۣǽĽߺƸˣ
һֻõ汾ˣ
ߺϺȻӿֳһɷޱȵƣϿյĿһи룬ҷֳ
ȣǽƣһԽƣҵľʵ̫ˣ
ӵеԽƣһ˵ԽƽԽǿܶ࣬Լһȣ
ϣ
ڽ෢һɾ˵ĽƣָĿֻİ꣬ҿȸߺĽƾС
ɽƲϵڿвƣиԷնиݣߺĺƽһģĽƾĿ飬ƬƬ˳һƬƬա
ʮ֮ڣƲϵĹԷߺȴе㾪ˣΪڵĽǿɽƣһϼӵơ


56 ߺѡ
ȻͷŵĽɽֻܺ͸ߺƾУΪߺӵеĿԽơ
ĽƲϵıߺĽƱ˺ѣǽڽڰˣɽʵ̫ǿˣԸߺֻȡһ˿Ϸ磬޷֮ѹʽơ
ϣ
˲٣ԼĵˣеĳԷȥ
ɫɫĽâϵĽ֯һ˶ӵǿĽƣͨͨһԱѰǿߵľУ
˲ϵóݺݵԷƵڱ̨ϲϵµۣݺύ޲ͺ̨һƴնɵġ
Ƶϵ˺ѿ˴̶ļʹĤ
̨϶˽ƣȻֽƵЩͬһŴи֮·Ҫ̨ݡ
ȻǸߺĽƣи֮д޾ĺ⣬·𲻽Ҫ֮иҪһбס
Ȼֹͣ˼ҵսվԣעŶԷֹԷ
˵Ȼͷ߳콣ƣ·ڱ̨վĲˣޱȵľýйԼĹ°
ߺòȷǿǽ㽫ûлˣһһ˵ţһֱֱߺ
һ֮ǰʹõЩ֮ͬǰʹһʱûиϽƣһȴ˽ơ
Ǻ۵ĽϴһɿԽһжи̶ȣһ·ڿһۣĽ̫ˣǿڿ½ۡ
ν
ߺۣ֮ڽһнٵνҲҿߺ֮۲ſļ
ߺ˫۵ͫв˿˿ɫеɫ
ЩڿвϵĴһСĿ¾͵ñǧٿס
Ϊۣ֮Բſе㣬ܵĽһ㣬ǰڸߺٶҪдǳ˵Ρ
֮⣬ƽƽĽϲĽƵҲ򵥣ǣȴһĳ̶ʮ
ǽһȻе㣬ߺԥʹˡν
һĨ޵ĽڿУ̨˲ͳһֳ̨ۣ룬ǽ޾ĺֱ졣
ԼԼ֪ȻҲ֪Լеǣ쿴ָԼе㣬Ծı佣
ǣʱⷢˣԭѾ⽣ԶˣֻҪһͿԶȴûжȥ
Ǳޱȵĺýоޱȵĺ䣬ʹ˺ܶ࣬Զܲ
ϣ
̵һеһ¾ͽ콣ϵĽƿˣһһ¾ͱˣνҲɢڿա
ʲôȻô򵥾ƵһУԾޱȣҪ֪ԼܶǧʱûһУƼпν
Ȼ֪ǧؼΣԼһƵԷؼû뵽ߺ򵥵Ƶˣ
ɽ
ߺûеȽ췴Ӧֱĳƣγһɿɽ֮ѹȥ
ƺˣһƸߺʹ˾ųɾŵƶ˽ӽɣֻҪǸߺʹõɱƣôɽǸߺʮ
Σ
оԼ嶼ҪѿˣƴԼϣͻøķѵ³
ԺԥʹԼĵ֮һΣལͬͬԴĽννལз޼Ե׽Ҳͥ
ལԴԶԵУսνǽ˲ıལ֮ϣֻҲһʽɱȵģӦսپ
̨֮ϣ쾪ȵν࣬׽
ҡҡͷҲᣬҵĵܵܽѧġǼ̾һţҵܾ̲ܵסˣ
ɱ죺˵ΣϹţ
Ŀ죺˵⻰ʲô˼ܲɣ
㰡ϹǷҵһҾͻɣ˵гɱޱȵӳѪޱȡ
ûûҪͷԼĵܵܿЩǰͬΪߡ
춼ʢʮֵĺö֮ԼʵƾУǽνһеıǿޱȣսʤһȡʤ
ǽ಻ֵ꣬ҪǽεĵʤԼҪ뿹ҲûοεʵԶ֮ϣͲҪ

еĽ趯󶼿Ҫʧһ㣬ֱ۶ˡ
ϵڿڿкɫ磬۶⽣ںη
ÿ죡Ҷˣû뵽컹ĵƣǿ֮ս˷
̨֮ϵЦһԷսʱûùУѵô
ͬһǣգ۾͵˸ߺǰЩ罫εۣѿĺۼ
޷Ĺ켣ߺĿ˽й켣
飡
ǿ˲ͱ⽣Ƶˣڿ飬Ȼɢˡ
ȥƲģߺȥ
ߺ£һѾ֪ԼǿһоȻ޷κζԷ
ֻʹһˣߺﰵȣƽ
ߺĳųɫĹâȥ
ôͻȻͺͻ˲ռ䣬ͬһһ㲻ϵڽӰζܿЩӰ̵ǰ
ЩӰӣ˲ʹ̵Ǹϣֹסơ
еһжɢһգֻʣ¸ߺ뽣Ӱڱ̨
ƽǸߺǿһУȴϬһС
ߺβˣԷǿѾˣԼû߾Լο϶䶨ˣ
ؽƽ
ߺһʹֽɱеĽȻʧˣ˫ȥ
ǿƷ紵ķ룬ֵƣѲʲôƣ
׳ɽӣ
еĸߺһתʹ׳ɽӣʹɵıƣǸߺʩչȫʩչһС
Ϊ̫䣬ϾȻ˱㣬㸲̨ϣ춼̶ˣʹ֮粽޷ƶ
һɺޱȵĺ˷ԼʹԼ嶼Ӳ˺ܶ࣬޷
һıڿγɣָ£ݺݵڵϵĽץȥ
еУһ𣬰ΧڽĺɢΪƬƮɢڿУӨ͸
ǺǿΪƾܹӮ𣿡ճһ֮Ǹնȥ
һ̺˽ȫƣǿޱȣֻһ˲ͽֻҪ£ĺն룬壬ȥ
䣡
ڽıӡǣֱֱߣȫѹȥģȵƵѶȴ˶ˡ
˵иһ׵Ҫһô˵ѹһ׵ҪʮѶȴʮ
Ǹߺȴ˳Ƴȥǰȥ
ЦѾǭ¿𣿾ȻսеĳΪߺѾ޼ƿʩˣԾЩиֻ΢΢ʹնȥ
ɵȵһ㣬ڸߺֱһɺƵķ򻬳ȻŴ͸һеȥ
ʲô⽣Ǵʲôطģһ󳤽ʽΡ
еĳһģҲ˲ʧдΡ
ȻǲִٶȻֻǿԭڽĽƲˣǴﵽ˾˵ɽơ
ϣ
ѪۺɣҲȥ
ߺǼɫи֧飬ڣҲû֮⡣
ˣȫ¶˽ۣѪȪӿѪ˳ֱ
Ҳˣ⽣ǿǱϾǲִӭսԱġ
һĽ˳һֱ쵽Ҹ£ƽµģҿ˵ĲȻֻ־ҪˣԾѪֹ
ߺ뽣еεδĲѪԼվĵط̲̲Ѫ
ߺҳС㣬ʵˣȰ㻹ͶɣʵɽƣϷ콣ƣڽḺۣ̌ÿһףЩ¾ëʺҵĻȥġ
ߺ£ɣҪսȥڳĬбڳĬ
ߺһ£ڵΪڻһ۷壬뻯ѾԶˣǰһǻؾ硣
˵ǲˣִ˵꣬裬ڿлۡ
ʹͬһߺȥɽƱ
Ρһζ족
ɽƹǿߺÿһסһÿڸߺһɼǵĽˣÿһ˶ʹߺ嶶һ£Ѫӿ
ߺȻתȫӡǱϾޣÿһߺס
ߺÿһεסԷĽУ嶼ᱻĲһÿһڵĽӡ
ȻٵȣڱԼԼոͻΪﵽؾ硣


57 ͻơ
ߺ˾ͽڹ̨Ѿˣ߽ɵҲĵĿŸߺ
ߺ䶨ˣҲǣʹǿҲһصľ磬ǿҲи޶Ȱ
ǰߺô֣ĽడɼͲľҸж
ʲô޴޿ɾҩ
ǣȴͬ˵˾Ǹսġ
ĵʵȻûиߺ뽣ǿɷǳܱȣϾǴӵܣʶù㡣
´ͳĵȻߺƣϸߺΪӪ䴦ƣʹ޷ߺܣ֤ߺзĿܣ
˶뿴ɵƵĿģߺڵǧһһʧܵĽ֣Ҫ̣Ǹǲܵġ
̨ϣߺѾˣϵĽһģϺ˵ģѪֱ
̨ϲѪߺҲΪʧѪ࣬ͷؽģÿһߺҪʹȫֵ
ҲǷǳļ꣬ҲѾʹȫˣÿһȫʵҲ۵ͷˣǸߺǼֱ䣬Ҳûʲô취ֻþȫ
ϣͣ
һߺסĽһڸߺؿһɼǵ˺ۣѪӿĽ۸ߺѾʮˡ
ߺڵϣ֧ڵϣеĺУȫˡ
ߺȰ㻹ɣ㲻ҵĶ֣ڵĴ˲ϵĺεĶԸߺ
Ѫڻҫ£˸޵ĺ⡣̨ϣ˵ҲѾĵĲˣеʣĳɣߺе򲻵ˡ
㲻䣬ҾҪҵһŵˣҪСˣһҿԼںϵģƲãܻᱻɱ࣬ճɫĽ˸ԤʾŽҪˣ
ʲôоܳҽţߺ϶˵Ҳͦվñֱ
ôһ˵ҾͲˣ࡯еĽ趯󣬾ȻͬߺĲؽһ㣬ʧУκζûУȴֱֱߺȥ
ۣ֮
ߺ˫ѾģˣȻеϣ۴޾ĺ⣬ֱֱ쿴ȥ
ߺֻһģģĽӰڶԷ趯Լ
ٿͿˣԭҲֻٶ̫˿ˣԼĲؽбϵ
ٶٿʵߵҲܱһۿһЩͫҲܿԼۣ֮ԼʧѪർͷεģܿ塣
ǻ˵ܿҲöùϾڸߺٶȻϲٶȡ
ۣ
嵽ߺĽǰߺǼò·ϲϵĳֽѪ˳Ÿߺ˳ѩ׵·ȾѪɫ
ԷĽߺһûеֵסÿһڸߺһѪڸߺе㹩Ѫˡ
䣡
ߺһؿڣ̨·ȥ
ﬣ
ߺһ̽ݺݵĴ̨ϣߺֹסʱߺһֻѾ̨ˣֻһֻŲޱ̨ıԵ̨һߣߺֱ۽ץסԼȥ
ҿȫĺת壬ڸߺ⣬Ȼһиߺ͵ñһ
ʹǲߺҲˣһһѪҪڣߺıס죬ŬסԼڣѪ˳Ÿߺ
ȥɣٵߺٶͬһ㣬ֱֱߺ
ߺڼһ֮ܽ㽣첻ߺҲֲ֧סˣ
ǧһʱ̣ߺΪٵеֻһ˲ͽ䳡Ӷһա
ڸߺγһɫ©ڸߺϷγһɿ磬ߺӿȥ
ߺҲž죬ΪڸߺѸߺĵӿȥȻתɺھдȦ
˵ʱʱ죬Щڸߺֻһɲǣ춼ûеأ
˶ˣǽΪ󣬸ǸܵĲ
̨֮ıѾˣβ׺ˡֲסйȻҲֹĽ롣
ڵһ˲ͱߺһɶգٲִ򿪣ôߺ϶ʧȥĻᣬԥĽִˣͷŽ
ߺԽԽָ£ƳȭݺݵߺؿڻȭͷߺԽԽһת۾͵˸ߺǰߡ
ߺٲͻƣô䶨ˡ
ڽȭͷߺؿڲһߵʱ򣬸ߺоԼһ죬ͬӾ̰ڸߺĵӿߺľУڸߺľмתءɣ
һǿڸߺɢߺʵͻƻָһ룬ƻû취ָô졣
ߺ̨һģзȥҲ˳ư˳ڿл£ƽпһȥ
ܵߺɢƣ֪ߺͻˣ֪ߺڲԼͨһȭӦġ
࣡
תѸʧڿУֱֱһڿеĸߺȥ
֮ۡؽ
ߺĽҲ뽣һ㣬˲ʧڳϵʮֵĹ죬˳ֿȭԷȥһ㡣
ߺȻսͻˣŰ
ͨţֱеţҪ֪ϴ½սͻƵĿɲ࣡
ʤܾδ֪ˣ

ÿһŸߺؿڴȥǸߺ֮۽ÿһĹ켣
ϣ
ߺĽͬĿռ䣬ͻأĳУǿǿĽӰ
;Ľ˼ΣƽĴ͸̫ǿԻȥƲֱֱĽ
ϣ
һ飬ǿγһǿȥߺߵĿУȥһߡ
Ȼߺͻˣǿǿ˲٣ǽƻʵܹɳģҪܹġ
ڽߺ޼ƾУڱȵľ־˭־ǿ˭ͻӮյʤ
ߺתϣݺݵһԷȥṦ˲һߺһɽƱܽնˣ
ߺҲиӰٶܣֱն̨ϣ˲һǵȥǽǵնµġ
ȻߺĽҲ̨һնȥˣںĴڣֽ֮ճһˡ
̨Ͻݺᣬƾɣÿһ̨ѿÿһƾڱ̨֮һӡ
˽ϰˣһǿһһʤһƣߺǽã䳡ޱȡ
и˶ˣ˾½˫ˣ꣡ν̨ܶüΣΪʡ˭뵽Сôǿı̨ˣ⻹û갡
䳡ǻʼҳʽģÿһζƵһ̨Ǵ󲿷ֶʯͷɵģθҹƣһģܶü죬û뵽ߺ뽣һսȫˡ
Ҫ֪ҹƱ̨ЩĹǮмҪЩѵǮˡ
һˣ˾ôҵսȻս˰У
ңԽԽǿˣǵÿһҶӲ£˵ལˣ̫ǿˣ
ܵǾҲˣ˵һһصߡ
Աߵ˱ӵĿһۣм˵սѾﻯصĲˣһССһص񵽴ﻯصΪδ̫쿪˰ɣ
˺ܲ㿴һ𣿸ߺոҲǻһصߣ뽣ʤѷ𣿡
һ겻ѣҲߺȣҲԼģܸߺᲢ𣿸ߺǽ˼ɻܵˣ
˵˺Ȼһ㶣԰ƶߺɻˣôߺûгƺžͲ̫˰ɣ
ۣһʵļ˷ֱ˳ƺšֱǱߺ죬ǧ嫣Ů⣬˼ң껪½ġ
ںҴǰʮԺ
ԭҶԸߺ뽣˭ǽЩָۣߺΪǿƷҲڽ֮£Ǿ͸Ҫ˵ˡ
ٹ۽죬ֻнʹãǽ죬ۿߺÿһιкĳ֣ұҲޱȣ˺˵ꡣ
ԴõһۣǾǸߺȷһûйĳƺţǾǱ
ʱڳսѾﵽ׶ˡ
ɫĽɫĽâһ𣬳գһȦȦǿĳɢȥЩѾסĲı̨֧ɢģǲƵı̨˲
Ҳȫʧȥ̨׹ȥ˵Ѿþο̨Ѿˡ
˽۾ɵôģ˭˭ˣֶǿġ
ϧߺһЩﶼ̾ʵаǸߺðʵһ֣ЩϧҲû˵Щʲô
Ǿ˾øߺܾѶʱ򣬸ߺ㺮ڸߺ£ͣߺ½Ӱ˲ͣڿС
ۣ
˵ϡ
ߺʤˣɹڣ


58 ˾ͽ̵
ߺʤ
β׺̨Ϸǵȴܾˣֱֱһ࣬ϧۿ˵ҹս
ڣⳡսĵһȷˣǾǱĺߺ
ߺǿŻһصΪһջ˵һ
԰ˣսжܹͻƣĽ츳
Żһ㻹ǲҪˣ
β׺ոʤ֣յȼ˶Ѹ̨ȥߺӱϷ鿴Էơ
ȻΪͻˣǲߺƾͻḴԭڸߺϻѪģ۶ѪȾˣ֣ǺںĸԸߺӵ
磡Ȼʤڣ֣ո˸ߺһȭ۵ĸߺֱ˻˻˹Ц
˾ͽŭ֣һۣСźݺݵĶ֣յĽϣ۵֣۴УһС˸ߺıϣһ𺰽г
ֻ֣ղסҪǿ麮ȴôҲ޷뿪¿Ѿճˣ̹ǵĺϵ壬еȫסˣǹɺ꺣졣
֣յһɤӰһߺҲǼæͷߺԼ۳ɵĺϣɫһ䣬æ֣̽ȥ
ߺƵ֣յϣڵĺȫգһ֣̽մӱק
뺮֣ղϵĴŶ£˫ֲסҴ꣬ů壬Ƕôôˡ
ô˾ͽָ֣ն֣
զզôһҪĸо֣̾һüͷ˵
˻˵һǱߺĺסˣߺĺȻôǿΪһߵֻ֣ȥȻͱˣô˵ߺڶԸֻ֣ͷųһ麮ͿԽ֣ջ
ߺ֣еĺԺַֽǿ麮ϣ黯˿˿ɫ˳Ÿߺƽ뵽ߺ塣
еҲЩָһЩٿԼվˡôʱսߺһЩڸоЩεģָһҪϢһЩҲԡ
ߺЩ⣬ֺҲʹԼָЩıԼգΪԼһ֡
ȫתɺߺ֮󣬸ߺѾָˣվﳤĺһں
ĺʹøĿ˼ȣⳡѾڸߺս¶ЩˣξںȻֽ˼ȡ
ϵĸߺѪѾȫסˣΪһƬһƬѪ顣
̨֮ϣЦû뵽ƮȡʤŸߺΪϷеţ
ɫ࣬ʵû뵽ȻûӮͷųɽƶûӮöԷװ˷˼һö鵤κˣȫ˸ߺˡ
ɫͬÿĲֹһˣĽ½˫ӷ㣬ǣͶŵɫÿ
ߺһη˶μˣĽɫÿҲÿ½˫ӷ㣬Ϊ֣ôһţԺųɳôԼļˡ
붡ŵɫȻ̫ÿһЩֻЩƮһš
Ȼѵãһûм츳õĵӣǿҲϡƽ
Ҹߺλȡһ⽾Դ󣬵ʱΪܿܿһӣΪһ˵ֶʷеǣܶΪԴ󣬵ô粽ûʷĳӣΪĬĬһˡ
̨£챻֣صĶŸߺߺҳҰˣţһһᳬԽ㣬ʤ㣡
ߺһЦãҵսңʱɲҪ̫ɥˣ
ߺûнԷĻϣŶԷܳԼԼƣǺʣѾڴ꣬αֻþ鵤鵤ǱԷԽˣǸߺһͷײأ
ǿܵʱ˶ʼſڻۣıʱ̫ˣ˵ı侹Ȼһ죬ּ˼СʱڱѽҲŷǽģķԺ;޾ľϮ
ߺһ˵˸߲ҵ֣ȥҪΪߺе칦磬Ȼߺһٱʾþ칦磬ǱĴ˵
ߺص֣յķ䣬ϴһҩԡ˿ڰһѩ׵İۣûдţ״ʹҲ֮ս֣˵ĵˣԼһԱҲûȡ
ҹ֣լԺһƬϲϸ߼Ʈ˾ͽҵˣϯ˾ͽ֣ڳ
Ȼ⼸ϼһﲻЩСһˣһߣĸ֮ġ
Ȼи߽ɣ߽ɲصΪûʸǣΪߺĸףԱ뵽Ǹϡ
ߺȴʼû֣յĶ塪֣죬ʱף֣֣صΪ״ӦòΪ֪
Ȼޱȣ˾ͽҵļҲ˾ͽĸס˾ͽ࣬Ȼ֣յĹùá֣Ӣ
֣ӢĿһֱעŸߺøߺеëȻĵҲûôһضԼأ
˾ͽЩΣȻΪʲôˣԼѾߺȫԼ游븸ĸˣԼĸүأ
֣Ӣ˰ΣȻԸ߽ɵ߼ӢԻһΪͻѹأõһСϲ߼ˣ
˵գ֣ӢƱͷһɶԵӢˬ
֣˾ͽ˿Цѣ֣ӢСԪ˧ﳤ󣬲һЩ˵ԣʱͺˬ֣ӢΪĸǺˬϰһǸĲˡ
߽ɹһЦ˾ͽ˹ˣ⻹Ҫл֣ǰ࣡ߺԷµȻԼĸ˵ˣ߽ɾʮֵ֣ңӸл֣ҡ
Ը߽Ҳû飬ͷٱ֮һ
ոոպ¾ƣ֣Ӣֿʼ˵ˣδɣҼ̶Ҳû˼ң⽫̶ߺΣ
仰ȫ˶ĿɿڴĿ֣Ӣ˾ͽ뵽ôŮˣôҲûһأ
ۣ߽ɸոպµľȫ˳ҵĿڸ߽ɶ죬߽һڲ£һ
ķǸ߽ҲǹģԼıͽܻ˼ҹŮأҸߺҲǳ֮ֻ
ۣͬʱڸߺϸߺҲѸոճµˮղ֣ӢԼĸ˵ոջعͷǱ֣ա
֣տߺתΪߺʲôҪԼ˵أЦһ˵
Ż֣æ˳ȥղЦʱ򣬸ߺˮ絽һ㶼ûȫȥˡ
һĻڶ֣˾ͽ˸ţ̾θ﷭ģոճµʳҪӿ
Ա˾ͽ̲ƵɫסװµӣȴһڷҲϳˣˣſڲˣ
˾ͽԼĸ˵ĻȻ߲ѣڵȻѾ˸ߺԼ֪ǰԻŭĽһĸףȻŶ
֣ӢΪԼŮϲߺأĵѵԼ´ˣ鱨⣿
ɫƵĿ˾ͽڼڲԵ˾ͽ̴һսӭԼĸײƵĿ⣬ﰧɲˣϲߺģѲָıˣʲô뷨ԼοɲˣȥŰɣ
Ҫ֪˾ͽ¶˾ͽΪ飬֣ʮ簮ԼβñƤŹ֡
֣ȻԼùõĿ⣬ʮǵ˾ͽޣ꼰㣬˲֪Լ֪ԼλùõصΪ˵ܰԼô
ߣȥ˵֣Ӣ˵ܻ׷˳ȥֻһ˲֪룬߽ɾžƱ֪Ǻã
Ӧ˼ûˣӦ˭οԼҲߺһлɸߺ
ԭߺҲ֪룬ûо飬ξ˾ͽһȴǸ˸ߺᡣ
λǰ֪ԼⱲСӦڴʱ˵Щɫߺδиˣߺվλһɫ˵
߽Ҳæ¿ԶԣƣµȾ͸ˣ
Ȼ칦˹ˣôҲûοߺ˱ضԼסһ𣬸ߺϾƮڵӣվ׷׸ǡ
һͬ־һɢˣҿѾԵĲˣ
֣ӢԼŮķҵ˾ͽ̣ԺڽԼŮ֪ԼŮȷϸߺˡ
֣Ӣε̾ϢһɵŮȻΪʲôҪӱأºˣߺӦΪ㲻أһ֣ض²̨Ժô찡
֣ӢȻˬȻǲɵӣ֪Լôһ߱ض߽ɵ²̨Ժ½ʮѰ찡
˾ͽû뵽Ȼôأ˵ôأԺ᲻Ұ᲻ԺҪˣ
֣Ӣתһתɣȡ˵һĽǾߺٸΣ
˾ͽֻ̱Ӧͬ⣬صĿ


59 
һϲҳߺһȻ˸߲ң½ҷɲôˡ
ʹһ½˫Ǻͺӷ㼸ǿ߶һף඼ǺǿߣȻһǿߣÿһĲ¡
ļҲ棬ʼ½Ӣܣ˼ҹ˰ҺΡ
½˫Ǽǿȫ棬±˶Ŀ
Ϊϵ½Ӣ˿׳ʵޱȣĲǻ˲۷徳磬ȴһֱһۣ֮ޡ챪ǻʵ۵Ȩ˾Ǻǿ߶ơ
⼸ǰûаһӣʿϾλˣͶ䶼һɲΥƣ
½ȨûôƣϾǿ̫ˣκһλǿ߶ʸ񲻽ҷС
ǻȨһĵز΢еɫĴ۹ÿһСĴڣҲûκ˸սǵϡ

ɶû뵽֣Ҽôһţеĺôȫ֣Ⱥ쵰ȥˣй˰ԸߺԹҧгݵȷԡ
⻰һ˵һֵҺ֣ţһصΪȻˣлߣ˵ʮֲϣȻҲһߡ
ˣ˵ˣʱһ˷һˣǿ˵ɫʮֵľأ˸ո˵̱꣬졣
˼˲˵ˣ˵۵ĿĲǸߺߺǿҲֻһֻ϶ѣǵĿǶμң
仰˶Ĭˣ˵ûμ˾ۺϵĿľǶμңǶμҵǱؼ
ǼؼǾȫõȼͽ֣һնݳǽμҵؼɹͿˣǸ˼˵˵껹ɭЦЦ
ûλһɾۼһҪĿľҪڰ·ضμңμĽ˲ɱȻֱμң֮һжӶ
ǸߺʱʵڲĵĹ˰ܻ˵
죡ǶΪԼӵ޴е죺֣ҶˣһߺܶʲôӰ죿ǵ֮
˰Ȼ򣬹ЦļҲϲɫεж˵ʧܣҪ֪˴Լһǳߣʮظ֣ƾǻһСҶûˡ

ڶԼ쳹ÿһ䣬䳡ˣȴ˺ܶ࣬ϾʵսѾˡ
ߺҲУϵѾָĲˣƻҪЩӵģϾ˲һҹȫָ
ֵ죬ºûһ˿ԻָҲȽڻûָ
ֻ̨ʯͷˣҲ㿴ˣŪĶ̣ЩǶа취ƻŪ۵أ
β׺Ĳ֮£Ľţʤ
ģ껪Ϊǿ˼ѾϣͱһȥˣѾûлɽׯĵˡ
嫹Ȼǿսʤֻƴƽ֣˭Ҳ޷κ˭ĵĽƲ嫵ķ嫵ĹȴҲ޷κģж˶ǵ
껪ǵһսǬתսݽԷƷ룬ݲΪƷеĶڡ
֣׵֣ҵ߲ǹΪĴڣÿһʹޱߡ
Ǭתߣ˰˳ڰˣֻʤ½һˣ½ɾͲ˵ˣʤھ
½˺ңԭԵǰʮҿߺ˼϶ǣеĻᡣ
˼ϳǾһ껪Ƕ˼Ķ֡
ǰ䲼Ʒˣʮȫϳɵһһһſ
ǰеĽųȥֵǰʱβ׺һ£ǧûɣ
̨¹ڸߺûУֵʱҲˡ
˸ߺʱβ׺黷ܣڱѾһǸߺûɣ
̨¹㻶ߺߺ
β׺˵ͷȻûȷлش𣬲ûˣ
дָһߺеĽȫ˳ƱƷ¼ָһöβ׺ԸߺʣöҩҾͷĴָ֮ˣ
һߣߺĶ䣺һҪ˵
ߺһβ׺Ļȫȥˣһ࣬΢ĵһͷȻ֪β׺Լʲô飬β׺ӺԼҶԷҪǼӺĻʵҲס
õԼսƷԺ󣬸ߺͽеĶڴָ棬ָʹ÷β׺Ҳ߸ߺˣǽָϾͿˡ
øߺʮֵ棬뵽ָУһʮ׵ĿռӳѷεսƷҪʲôֱһ̽ʵгˣʮֵļ򵥡
β׺߸ߺζμΪԼӮˣνָƷҲܺã¼еļƷˣʮ׵Ŀռ䣬¼ָǲˡ
ߺһոе𽣾ʧˣһ˴αһƷС
ŽָеЩƱߺò̾ȷ׬Ǯĺ÷죬͵ˣЩǸ߼ĻҪ˵׬Ļ߼ҿ׬Ҳ׬˶
ˣβ׺Ļʱʱ̨ϷӰǶĽ뽣ࡣ
һ£ϷҪҪֹס˵β׺
ĽƳһ۽ࣺҲҪ
λʲôҪ˵ģβ׺˴ϵȻе㲻죬ȻѾˣѾȷԼֵһ죬ôԼҲûбҪ˽ˣ
˵ӽҽҽΪǼ壡

ո˵̨꣬һƬҡ
ʲôҪΪ߼ʲôʱʵģ
ĽҪͬԼ˵ɣ
ǰ뵱ɽׯʱ⵽˺ΧʧأΪе׵Ĵڣ
ֹ̨£̨ϵļҲĿɿڴĿŽ࣬Ϣˣ
ɤӣλྲ
໹лҪ˵̨ϵȫ˵ˣֱ㶵ĿŽ࣬ʲôҪ˵ģ
ûӵˣ˵˭ͬҽҽΪֽ̣ҽҷ㣡УҪͶҽҵ߾ֻҪ츳ߺҽұ֤õԴ
˵һָߺһεһǵģһѽһ
˻Ȼ򣬹ֲýγ˷ḻĽأԭǴ⣬Ҳȷͦ˵ġ
ĽȥҳԴΪ£ţôμأ
ȻϣμͬΪ˵Ļ뽣һ޶һǣǶԶμҹģ츳ߵӵѧϰؼȫ
˻һ˽ӽ̨ѧԺѧӣǶ˼Ͷμҡ
̨½˫һЦҲ̫С˰ɣĽܻصμһδ֪أھѧˣ
ֻ࣬ʮѾˣƮʵ̫ϳȴһֱ˵Ҫ躹ޣϽ
һͬһʱȻ壬˵һ𺳡


60 
ԭΪˣû뵽ȴôϢǾòС
ЩڸߺûκιϵֻһССĻߣЩûʸ룬ʹʸҲĶڽƮڻ߸߼ң֣ҵһ
ܵ˵ƮֻմⲢûгԿʮ֮УƮռˣһǸߺΪߺºͽģƮпѡ˽뵽ҽн

ԺⳡˣߺͲڳˣβ׺ĽŲ˳ȥ
Ȼ֮ǰߺԼĸף֣˶кеһƱһƷ֣գҽ߾
߾ݣ嶼ӡڸߺԺУⱾ߾ԸߺѾпˡ
ǱƷƱ͵ԼϢɣαˣߺҲڻʳǴȥˣʳõľ֮أĿ߹أһʳǾͿġ
˴β׺ȥصأ鵤鵤Եٽ߾ںһ£ͻš
ŵһҪ֣ƷսڶΪŵӣʱͿԼˣ
ףԲ𺢶ЩǮȴТǰߺԸ߽һЩ
Լӵнʮľ޿ȴûиԼĸһһ
߽֪ߺ뷨ҪЩǮƿ϶дãһЦӣ֪ѴЩǮдãﲻܰѾǶԲˣ㲻Σ
֣͵͵ص壬ھѡһƥ͵͵ߺ˹ȥ
ǾϵȵˣǧеƷھֻиʸ

ʱߺǣŸߴ˶ĺڻʳǵĹٵϣǰУβ׺ոո˵Ļڶ߻
β׺ߺеĿջѸߺе˵һ飬ߺܽôһۣ
ĿҾȻÿһԼǿһÿγжʺϵǱϾȱһǣԽɷ֮ѹ£ٽǻ磬ǾҾ磬ʱʩչԭ߳һ
ߺʶǰţ֪ߵǰ̧߽Ǹ۹һ֡
ϵѯʣߺ˳۹ǲֵǰжɵĿռ䣬ݺʮɫʯͷƳɵʯÿһ¶ŵС
ھ޴ʯд߲֣ͬǹƷȷȭ
һȴֻдţ
ǰľŸӶƽĹȻʮŵĶһЩҵĹƩ֮ȷꪷᷨߺҪõķ֮
ʯϵÿһ󶷣ӺԶͿԿд֣߶õˡ
ߺֱߵдйʯʯ֮ºܶ˾Ȼİ̯ȻģʲôСÿһ˶лΪֹøߺۻҡ
һߺҪĹ͸ˣϵڸ̯ѰңѰҪĹ
ʼ巨˽׸߼ʮ㣬ɵһаٽʵֱһأɵڶٽʵ۷ľ硣
ԴأĲأ۷壬۷壬߲۷壬˲㻯һسڣŲ㻯صʵʮӵǧʵﻯصΪ
Ȼˣдһ󴮵ҩȴˣÿһҩٶҪӲſġ
ߺۣⱾֻһ˽׸߼ʮܹﵽѾˣߺĺɽƣؾͿƵһУȻɹ¯¡
Ҫ뽫ɽ¯ĵزҲǻؾ磬ѧﵽһߵĵز
ߺһķһѰңмҲߺȴδУǹĵȼߣ˽׶
ǸߺȴЩʺԼһС֡ģһʼͿγɳ壬ֻγɺֻǻѣǵԶͲüԦ
ǵ𲻵з֮ЧſԹˣνǹ汸
Ȿ֮󣬻ܻγһĳ֣ȵĻὫȼ𣬶ҷҲǿ
ߺܿⱾⱾȴǻԹߺڵͻ޷
һڸߺоһߺ£ʱһתѾȥʱˣߺûѰҵԼĹ쳣
ߺĵûһҲ
˿ߵɫߺ׼ղѰҹˣпѰҰɣϾǣȥƬصء
ڸߺΪȫĵطҲֻˣﲻǸߺѳޱȣߺǸŽʬ˵أصض
ɸߺո۽һƲÿһ۵Ľһĺֵˡ
ʵ˵ÿһ˶ǻߣÿһ˵Ĵ綼룬ûдĻͷġ
ȴͬһɫ·ҲһһЬЬˣͷ֪೤ʱûϴˣˣɫĺΪʱûϴԵʣѩ׵ĺ󲿷ֶ˻ɫˣֱһؤĴ硣
ģӣ˭ģǻ῿ǰ
ߺһһᣬȥȻҲȴһֻӬ棬ǰһƲֻ
ߵ߽ǰߺһ֣ǰܷ񿴿Ĺ
̧ͷʵ˫ۣһ۸ߺϲӬһ˻֣ҪԼʲôҸЩ۸ǲƣСȰ㻹ǹɣ
ߺǺⶼʲôֲһûأԭһﲻҲ˵ô⣬ֱǸ
ߺûбĻߣרĵĶеһУ
ɽ˽ɬѶ濴Ϳ͸ʲôĹʹ˵Ļشֱ޿κΡ
ֻ˵һ仰Ŀ㻹ʲô㻹ȥҪأֱǱĿԣ
仰ЩߺʵһˣһսıߺǷôǳʲôˣﶼ
ⱾԸߺ岻̫󣬸ߺеⱾȭһߺԿⱾȴоƽƽѣ沢ûдʲô̶ȡ
ߺûٲʶȤˣʲôҰ
Ҫߵ˼ߺ˵ո𹦷ߺͱⱾסˡ
ǸߺҪķҲʮּ򵥣ֻд֡ܡ


61 ս
ߺⱾһҳҳķϸȥ
ûд⹦ʲôģڸߺӦ˽׶ûⱾ⾳֮ǰ˽׶ڵʲôҪȸߺⱾ⾳ˡ
Ϊֹֻ˺ɽƵһе⾳Ѿĺɽˡ
ܹ࣬㣬Ҫʮּ򵥣ڵķУͿԷųɹһ㣬ͿԼγһܡ
һ㹻˷ˣ壬Լãзԣһйԡ
һЩƽʵ˵ϡƽˣֻܹǿɡ
ߺԽԽϲߵǰҪⱾʶ
ٴʵ˫ۣԺĳһ۸ߺеⱾͷ˼һŶһʮɣ
ߺεţǸʲô㲻
ߺȴûô࣬һͨ˽׸߼һʮϣԼⱾ˺ܶˡ
֮󣬸ߺһó˶ٶʮƱĵݸߣǰҵƱⱾˡ
һԼˣҲûʲôֱӴӵϴ۱Ǯ״ҵĿƱʮһԡ
ˣͷʮûǮ
ߺͷ󺹣ԼƱѾʮӣƱʮӣϼһ𣿲ֵİɣ
˵ߺΪѵĵǰֻŶʮƱˣʮûУ
Ǯأ
ߺеӶóˣܹҲǮӡߺε˵¾ɢˣ
ɫѾˣǾ͵õȵˣ֣ûߣҪϳȥͲܣǸߺǽȥ
ˣǰʣµʮӾ͵СТϵˣм¾Ȳˣߺһ־Ҫߡ
ʱ߲ͬˣøСӣ㿴ҪģǰɣûǮǰɣ
ߺ´һߣĵӣҪģֱҪİ
룬ߺɲ˵
Сӣ㣬ҲǺܸԣģⱾͽ㣬ҷĲգ˵һѽƱȫߺС
ߺεĿ˿еƱ̡ߵ⣬ǮˣֻǱŸߺ٩٩̸
߸ҿңСӡ㣬һ£ѹңϷ˵˵ԼĲ߻عͷҿûָߺģ
ٷֵʱ򣬸ߺѾԶˣ׷ѾˣֻûڲνǷԸߺȥĹں
ֻ߶߶ģϷĿұ졶ɽȻûͷ裬ȷǸţܡ͵͸Сһ˰ɣ͵Ե
߶֮һ
ߺжĳĴţڣһ񱼳˻ʳǣҿߺˣʳǾҪˡ
Ϧ£ߺӰúܳʧʡ
˾ͽ֮ڣ˾ͽھĵĴţ֣Ӣڰ˾ͽװţ˾ͽ˵ǸʮҪӣǶԸߺǸ˾ͽ̶Ըߺס
ĸŮĵ˵ʱɳȥߺ˾ͽ߶µ˽ƺܲԸ߽Ű㡣
ߺأǰ𣿡֣Ӣ˾ͽϽյǰʵ
˾ͽ˼ǰ˺һҧĸףСãߺѾ֣˵뿪֣ˣ
˾ͽͿʼۿȦ
쵰㲻ȥҰ֣ǳСȥǺ͸ߺҪ𣿡֣Ӣš˾ͽĶ䣬ݺݵ
˾ͽԼĸ׳⣬о黹תͣסϣĿ˾ͽ
ҵôôడ˾ͽЦһҡʹ֣ˣ˵ߺѾ뿪ʳˣ
ء˾ͽڿ޳ˣſĻ˾ͽ
ã˾ͽԼĸ׵İοֹͣ˿˾ͽҲԱߴǻ
ãҪ˼ϣȻߺԽԽԶģ
˾ͽ̸о˾ͽĻе֣е˵ƵģתͷһȻһЦ
ڵ˾ͽ׵ģͨ죬Աߵ߸˵ֲŹ֡
˵Ļǲߺδضǳ֮עһɳ죬ߵŮ˿϶಻ʤǲŬѵߵĻƿȻԪ˥һ֣ӢεûŰ˾ͽĳĶ˾ͽ˵
˾ͽصĵ˵ͷĸףһŬһᵱߵĻƿҪʵʱܰ
ӴԺ˾ͽҵĴСٳˣԺϰ䳡һӰ

¸ڻʳ϶ﴦӰ֮У˴֮šڵҲжʮ˽˽İΧţеıλεģ˵޾ɱ
½ң˼ңңνǵϵ׶ˣôû֣ҵ˰Ѳλ֣֮˾ͽҵǸϹ
Χ֮˺˿٩٩̸¹ϣȻǶμҵĶĽ˾ڻʹǿ
ϵȻǶμҵСˣΧǵǶʮصߡ
ƥ򣡷ϻ˵ؼɣҲɸһȫʬ½˫һЦ޷ϻ
ͲҶμҵı𣿡Ľ񻹲֪ΣգŶԷ
ϼˣμ뽣Թ˽¶һȥʲô˵Ǹˣһɫҹ£ɭİɣϼɱԺǾͻȥչһ¶μңϣǶμҵ椸ˮ飡
˻һ˺ôЦ
ڰΧμҵ⼸˴ЦʱһҲһĴЦںҹоȻƮһƬƣЦǻдģԶڳƮ
ζĽҲ޷ƽˣ૵鷳ˣɽׯĻޱߣʵҲûаհ
ĿĿУƬڵս֮ͣϣ·߸ϵĵһɫ··ǰɫƣǻɽׯׯſԴķΡ
ޱ߱ĸߴ˶ɫüëͬһϣ˿ɷģ
ţ½˫˶࣬ɽׯΪʵׯޱʵǳ˵Ѿصľ磬½˫ֻǺһظ֣ȫǶԷĶְһǸˣԷſ˲١
ޱ֮û˵ʲôϻֱƣȵȼڻޱߵɢ޾ĻƣƬնȾˣڲϣǱ˰һ㡣
Ľ֪ʵԶˣ㻹ʤңаɣ
ޱһѹȥ·նȼˣγһƬһƬĻףȵϢһĽѹȥ
ﬡ
ĽȣȻʯͷɫȵıγһɽ壬ŶĽݺݵޱߵƻȥ
һ֮һɾ޴ĳɢȥ˲ɳʯϳһ޴ѺۣܵɳûΪ롣


62 μγ
治ϵɢĽȺľɽҲȵĻյķѣһͬΪޣʧڿС
ɢ֮󣬷Բһһ㣬Ҳ̶á޴Ĺֱ鲼ڵϣڵľȫΣɢڵϡ
ǳȻǿ˹½˫˲Ͼǵʵûдﵽ˸ߵĵز
ȻĽʵǳǿû뵽ȻǿزȻﵽ˺صľ硣
֪ʹǼ˼ҲǶĽ֣ǵֹͣ˹Ҫľǵȴȴ˵ʤֳһ
еĶĽޱ߲ϵԷʣµЩȫ˳ֻ֮Ǹһš
ȭཻвϵγɳЩʯȵϢ
Щʯͬӵһ㴩͸ľʯͷȵϢ;ĶľȼˣЩеˮ˲䱻Ȼȼ
ⷽԲһ˻ʯͷֶֻ档
ȻˣǶ˺Ӱ죬һ͸Ļʹûʯͷĳ޷˵ϡ
ѹ
Ľ˲ԭʧڻޱߵϿգһĽȥһɽ֮µĵ˲䱻ѹ½ɣѹȥġ
еĿϵıѹһռ·𶼱ѹסԶ֮½˫˶ѹסá
ֻкӷɻΪѾͻƽľˡ
ɻܷսʤĽ£ӷСЩֿܵĽһЩʱսܶԷǲܵġ
ҶĽɽ֮ѾͻƵѾԶˣֻһ
ɽ֮ƣǴԲɽ֮ƣԶ֮Ĺ૵ױƾˡ
شƣҲͬڸߺ˵ƣߺ಻ɣĽѾԲˣֻһɽ֮ˡ
½⾳ܹܶ࣬նȥһеĽ⣬ܹһеĵ⣬ܹĻ⣬ǿױȵ⣬ǿ⡭
ǧٹ֣廨ţҪͻشƽ뵽⾳ѣһƵˣֻһԽ⾳
ǽ뵽⾳֮սͻǿޱȣ֮ͬУӵ⾳ûУͿȫѹƶԷɱԷ
ȻЩ߽Ȼӵ⣬ı˲ֹһҲޡ
ֻǽԼϤѧһּߵľ磬ܹشƵĹʹһ޷赲
ǲͬˣһָĶǶĳֶѧϤϲĳصĹ˺һľ硣⾳ȥˣ⾳һͷţͬԷضԿһ㡣
ҲҪǼ⾳ӷľ֮⾳ָֻܻͷ˵ĹﲻѹƵ˵á

ĽΪֻɽ֮ƴԲ𣿽ͽ㿴ҵĴɻƣޱһȣȫͷų޾Ļƣ׷ȼγһƬգضڻĺۼ
ޱһĽӭȥɽ֮Ʋϵײǿĳ˽µѹʮȥеˮӿ˲ͱǿĳѹȥұùޱȡ
ɻԲɽ֮ƵײޱĽѾǿֵزˣ
ǰǰһ㷴ûа˳˳Ŀɿڴĺӷ㣬ʹ⾳ġ
ǴôˣҲ棡һ֮ĺ̲סˣЦһгȥ
;Уӿ޿ɱİҪǰһжһ
ƣҲǴɵģ˭ͬڶĽޱߵûǶ룬ʹм˷ֿ
˵ƾƣǵƽ֮Ҳ飬Ϊޡ
һΣûģʤμļ׹½УΣǸͦգͷų޾ĵ˷ӿȥеһȫ
ĽЦһǲСҪҶμؼǾҪʵˣ
Ľڿһţɽ֮籡Բɽ֮ԲһĿռ䶼ǹ֮Ǹѹȥ
ƣ
ֻһȭǹɽ֮ƣݺһӣһɿԽһжƿĵƱ㷢˳
䣡
ɽ֮ײһ𣬵ƲǺųƹǿ֮һֻǽӴ˲ͽǹɽ֮ƴһǰһξ룬ɢС
ǿǶĽɽ֮ƱϾԲģԽ֮Ҳʣ޼
žžžһ̶𣬻ޱһ߹һ˵ãصΪ½оȻĴڣΪλ֣ˣ㵽Ǻˣ
ͲعˣγֻҪ½ȡؼûб˼λܳȫǾͱҲˣޱҪԼеܣе仯ޱȵĵ
˵仰һһѴʳУһ㹻ֽա
ॣ
ʣһĨɫĵأǰѵĵȻǺɫģҵżͬˮ·ȥѪһ㣬һƷһµȵġ
ʣһɳ쵶ϼƺҪ룬ɱĿŻޱĽһ˵ӣҪˡ
ʹǿֵΣϷҲ׸ģ˵һ֮ϷһĿȱ˷ĩɢڿС
ĽһɫĻȣ֮Ỵ̈ź⣬ҲһƷ
ڷޱվԱߣһ˵Ķ
һĽжǸ˳һӣһѪɫĵ̴ӳзֱĽȥ硣
Ľæ̧ȵֵס
䣡
𣬶Ľһȥȥڵϣһɣſͣ
ı󣬴رһѺۣҿлȻһ¾Ϳˡ
ûеӦһӰ̳ǰһĨɫĵӰĽ˫ֽϣһɾ޴ĳɢȥڵΪԭ㣬չȥߣףף
ڶĽѪֱǱиɵģǴ󺺵ĵڲϵǰƺҪĽ롣
أ
ڶĽ뵶вһָʱһӰ˵ߣһžͽǺ´֮߳ȥ
ֻһžͽǺ´󺺵ĻƵˣҿ;ϰﶼǰĴսˣȻ˷ɣ
ӰһĽƾȻվڵϡ
ɵ㣬أǺ³һѪѵ˵ô仰
ޱҲ˸ۻĴ㣬૵μγݣ


63 ɽ
γһɫۣϵһɫ飬һһĹ֣˿ڰ䣬Ѿ뻨ˣһɫĳ
ֻǱ˫֣վ˾ǰվĲһˣһ޷Խĸɽ

ޱߴӰĶŶγݾһǰ»ɽׯޱˣԶμȨ˶γݣޱûκνʱԼֻһصߣԷȴǺصߣͲһϡ
ţγޱ˵ͷǰޱߵȷһ󱲣Ҳǻɽׯһׯ֮ƽ֮ɣ
ʲôγݣμҵڣ˵չ˽ʮѲָˣ
ɾĶˣμҽΪѾǶϵˣ
Ȼ䣬γ˵ˣ֪μνΪǶ顣γ˵֮󻷹ܣбĿעӵ˶ͷޱ߶⡣
һ˫۾а޾İ޾ɪɪ⣬˵Ҳ޾ı˰ΧţЩ£Щİ
ϻ꣬ɪɪ硣»ᣬѰԹޡ
İ˻һֵܻ»꣬Щһսǣ
Ȼޱ߻ȻһæҧԼͷ̾ԼôˣôЩأ
̧ͷһ۶γݵˡ
ԷӦѾ⾳ˣΪѵõ֮⾳⡣
ɪɪ⼸ޱ߸ոո̾һ漴ҧԼ⣬Ҳҿγݵ۾ˣ
ǸҲһԼҧƣи̾Ƕôǿ⾳ǿһ۾ܹӰľþԼҧصʵ֪Ҫʲôأ
ĻޱͬľѣͬʱҲҲѡ
γݵֻɢһ㣬һ˵Ļ¶Զ֣Էľͻһʵ˵ǷӾųˣ߳ɶ
ҵľľ֮⾳ĺӷ㣬ò˵ֲľ֮⾳Ͽݼŵı
ҵԣҵͩôôȫҶˣܲܡӵľ֮⾳ܻᷢ飬ôˣôˡӷ㾹ȻѾþͣ󺰱ߣȻվǴǾһ߳ޱҶǧﱯ
ȻΪة֮ңŵڣڳʫǴ޵ı飬ôôǶ
ǰŹǣǸʵܲ˺ӷˣ涼굽صȥˡ
ţγ˵ͷ⾡ջأЩԼþлþȫѹ
ǵȻǵøղŷʲôȫͷҲȥƶγݵ۾ˡ
ãҶμӵ֮ôˣμɽׯʽΪǼ壬ϣλʱҵʱĸҶμҽľҶμһᡮԵ·ˡġ
γݶԵ·ĸҧرأ˵Ȼ֪ʲô˼μһԵ·ˣɣ
γݽϹȵλø˼ˣԸ½˫лҴʰ񣬽ȥ½˫ȻСƵĵͷڰͲϣԷأ
Ը֮󣬶γݴŶǧǣһɳ죬ϷȥμҵɶĽŷˡ
Ŀ֮£ߵ̩Ȼ
ޱһƳһˣһһƬƶȥ
ǸȻĶλȥĲޱһ߷һﰵޡ
ֻʣεҡҡͷʳǷȥ
ԶһεĴϣӰȫĲվϣ鶼
ףγʵΣһӰ˵
ǿѾﵽ˾˵ĳɣѾСˣʮֲϣӦγ¡
˭ǿһЩ
֮䣡ǿҵĽҲһͿԽĳˣѾûʲôˣ߰ɣӰʧ֮ϣȥ
ͻ֣ᷢһǽҽ࣡
ԽԽ˼ˣû뵽ϹҲţ׼ҲʮְֳڰеĶγһ˿Ц⡣

ԭɽȣ
һƬֵĹ·أе⣬Ϊ̫ˣһҪʱȴǵΨѡ
ЩмһзðģͬҪйҪһ㣬ɭֲ
ڴһ㱡ĺסԴƬصر֮󣬱ĵط꣬ˮ֮󶼻һƬƬѩƮ
ڵγһƬѩ˵ﲻǷصصĻһĵط
յĺԭɽϷܲҪһ㣬һʱС꣡
Ƭ֮ѩÿһƬ״ģһСޱȣһƷһ㡣
طһͬĵطѩ󶼻ʧںһ
˴ȴͬѩƮĹжᱻЩ޵ļӹ̣䵽ϵʱѾǼ᲻ɴˣѰʯͷҪӲ
Ҳˣѩȫ״ѩӨдЩɫ
ʮĵطʱһˡ
ǣ
ԶмǸɢźķĹһµӰͻǵķһɳ죬гȥ
һȥһѩ׵ĺȪӿͷųĺ̶յЩѩٴμӹ˲١
ǰѸᣬ䵽˼£ᵽ˼£߽һ״ɽЩơ
ɽ
һƺݺĳ޵ѹһִĺֱȥΪ̫Եʣסˣʮֵĳܣѩ½ٶ½˲٣˱ĺۼ
⿴һĻͲǺһߴޱȵɽѹϾ˼֡
ɽɵص⣬ƬľݺݵѹȥǱɽð޾ĺ·Ҫʱеһжס
ɽĿռ˲Ҳޱȵ̣ߵеˮֶһ״ı񣬶ڲ类ˡ
䣡
һڵը𣬱ɽڵϣӱʼѿһѺۣÿѺ۶ֿʮɣɡ
û˾Ǹߺ
ߺԻʳǳ֮󣬾ֱͣԭɽȶԼƥɽһӵ˼ңԼֻԭ
ȻĹһʮ죬ʮûûȵĸߺѾƼˣѾû˵˧ģģϺƬĿԵʮֵĿ¡
ӣߵȧѾ¶ˣȫƤͷͷɼҲҿߺǻߣȻĻѾˣƬĹͳ˸ߺĹء
Сϣȴͷų޾ĺѹ·ߺôСһɽ


64 
ڱչ֮ǰߺȷ˾鵤鵤ѯβ׺ߺ֪öҩһͬá
һŵҩֻ໥ԸķӳҩЧ
һž鵤ʹһһôŵҩϾʹһ룬ﵽھ磬۷塣
й鵤ĴڣҲʲôû겻ȡ
β׺㣬ߺŵҩһηܹ֮ﵽڵΪϾʱߺѾǻˣΪʮֵʵ
õҩ֮ߺͷֿһַתһкɽƵںʽ
Ǹߺ˼ǰģ뽣ҪһһϦ£߾һǻýҲô׳ɹġ
ҸߺڸնںеУҪץסᣬһ֮ɹ
ߺ֣Լɽɸߺˮضɽҡ϶ɵģضɽҡǿޱȣټϸɽˮǿɽضɽҡвϵǿ
ͬ뷨׳ɽ֮ϣֻҪ⼸зʽںһС
ԭ뷨ǲʵֵģϾһַʽѶ̫ˡ
ߺȻ֣ںϵͿ԰쵽ߺ㿪ʼ˼
ϵڵд֣߱дҲû˼Ȼ
νֲʱֻʣһˮ֣ߺһסˣԺͻͨĺĵ
԰ԼôôȻԼѾˣǾ߶һֻһ̬ѡ
ֻĹˮǿһЩʵˮͬԴһ
ˮ֮Դ˻ﶼˮˮԪˮ԰ߺΪ֮ȻҲһַʽСһ
ߺ˱ˮͬԴˮԣڸߺıҲѾﵽĳɱˣҲǸߺıѾСˡ
һִСɡĳСɣųǴɣųɾǴԲ
ͻƾųɾ֮ͿͻƵһ̬ѡ
ͻƾųɾ֮⣬ͻƾųɾ֮һ̬
ɽƵĺں֮ǸոոߺʩչСɽɽ˵ˣں϶ѾˣںϾͼ򵥶ˡ

վΪĹߺͻƵؾʱⱾûдﵽʮһ㡣
θߺһηöҩҲֻǿǿոؾ磬һ㲻ġ
վʮ֮ûй似ˣʵⱾֻǿΪģǰǼֻǴⱾΪúǰԱʮԺǻ澳磬ԺٲҲŪһԱûٷ칥
ڸߺĳվʮһ۷壬ʮʱߺΪͿԵﻯڡ
ߺһ㣬еӵ´ȥĿʮǰһ·ء
أ
ǸغȻըĺһըˡ
ߺʵѾߵǸײǰˣߺоһʲôȻô䡣
ڸߺеѾԵֿ½ʮȵ¶ȣͷʮȵĺ
ԭϵˣЩĻָѾ˰ˣֻҪ뽫˰ȥѪҩһεʱˡ
ߺȥһΡ
һǿԼɲܶϾƮ֣Ʒˣʱȡ
ڶҪȥһˮԴʳʮտδڸߺѾоܶˡ
ߺԾȥб˴ʧС
һʱ֮󣬸ߺںԭɽ֮һСǰʱѾǰ
Ϧ£ԡԵĲϼУտտƯŴİɫƶ䣬ϦĻӳ³ֳһ̺졣
ĺ棬˲ǹ⣬Ǻɢźɫ解ԡ
˰ڶɻع飬ԶһЩŮڸŮͶֵľϦԶȥ
һƬɽˮīһ㣡ߺ̾һ̧ǰǸȥϴνʬûеĴʣһֻ󲿷˶ˡ
˵ĹѾˣ׷׸ϻϾ
ڵһң˿˿ǳƸߺļ䣬ƽ˵ҸڣԼʱڸĸϥ³л
ϧߵ磬ҪԱҪŬҪƽǲܵģѾ۷塣
ȻڣΪϣϦ˵ͻᱻ
Ǵνʬ֣˵лػǿߣǾͲñˡ
ߺ̧Ǹȥ·Сӵ·ߺֻһݣԾȥˡ
ӿʮɣƾߺټԾʮɡ
䵽ϣߺׯȥ
Ⱥɽ֮УһߴӰ棬ϸʮˣÿɢĲ˲㡣
Сɽ֮棬мƥͷǵͷԲݣΧš
ǼƥԱߣĸǣмȼžž졣
磬˰ˣԭɽҲûˣ
ǰֵ˵ԭɽȵĹʧˣԭɽʢҩСӵŲժŹģ
磬ֵѾúˣͳȥҼŮĿɣ
м󺺣Ҳû뵽ԼˣһջҲûУˣʳùˡ
ƥ˳𣿡ǸͷһСĺӡ
磬ԴӰǰǷƥһֱҹ̵ĶǸׯǴû˽ƥߣԼĴʻǸСĺӸϿǰһ˵
Ǹ˼һȻȭͷҵأãǾͽӵϴһգֵɢɢ𣡵ʱʳ
䣡
ҹĵ̳һ⻬ޱȵİݣ״һȭͷղеĲһصߡ
ԱˣҲǻߣܻжغͻһߣȫŲ۷˲ġ
鿴ǿˣͨ޴ݣҵƾԿһǳˡ

ߺһǰȥͲżһķ羰
尡椶ȥһ
ŶŶŶŶ
ߺһɱǸɹŮ˵ļ˵İ˵ŭ뺢ӵĿһƬ
ЩȽŮӽٻȥͽȫ°ǹ⣬¿ӣȲѹȥ
ĸ׹ֹһͷ­Ѫӿ
¹ӣǸŮ˾ߣ·û
˽һ˲䣬ʳʳȵҲһЩˣ
磡ƥǸֽжСӰѸߺǣ˳Ǹ˵ǰ
ǸһŮӵſ˶̧ͷһۺ˵ͷǧеľƷӦÿǧ
ˣǵ־絽ΪֹȫֹͣɣʱһϷ


65 ʼɱ
̫Ѿȫɽˣ½ÿһ϶ԲģΪ½Ҳһ塣
̫Ĺâȴͬ˵̫ǹȣôǺһһˮѡ
̫£ʹ¹Ĺâˡ
ںԭɽһɽڣһݶվһ˱ųվǡ
еĶֹͣסˣЩǿûٽʲôĿߺӰ
һһһ£ݵµ壬΢Щյİɫ۱ᴵ
ЩڸǲķɣԶô˧ᣬϷ䳹ǵǿϢĲ
û˾Ǹߺ
Ӹոոߺǽ˵˽뵽ׯʱ͸оˣȫվһǵоѾʼˣ
СĵģȰ㻹ǲҪŴүǵˣ˵ϴŮӵϵá
ŮӴӶħˣæÿӶһߵĽ
ܿЩ˵ĳ棬ߺεҡҡͷԭƹǣڿΨһ;ˣ
Сӣ˵ĻǲǾԼ̫ˣ˵ϴ󽫲ڵϵĳְ師ְγ
˵֣Ӱ師֮²ɱ֮ϴֽ師̧ңָߺм˵
ߺûгǵŶԷĵߺ
ϴתת飺ߺҺ
ʱһƥϣи˾ĵߺǱߺ˽ĵһ
ߺα䣬ĳƺŲɣۿαȫõߣÿһ˶˵Ÿߺǿ
ߺ츳ʵ˾㤲ѣָĴ˵ߺ񣬾ͬһһ㡣
Űͬߣܻأ˻ߣϹȶμҵĵմӵܡ
Ȼ˵嶼ûнΪǸϢģҲǰ۷ʵ
ܹҵĵմȴǷǱѰսͻΪԻصΪڡ

ȫ˵ҪԼǱߺȫߺ£ˮĸߺͷ絷⡣
˵ϴأϾʢ֮ʿܹõһһóƺŵˣֻͽѣǸߺĳĵӡ
ǴŸߺֻһСӵܣƮڵŵӣͨͨôֻһˣǾǸߺӵ֮ƥʵ
ϴ³һЦҲɱһɣǸӣŮƱһΣ
ߺ˼˵ͷ񲻴
ϴʱЦ棬Щֻ֮Уһµ˵û뵽ĲǾǣһħӴǵеһŮˣҪħˡ
ʱǵĽһƬ
ߺСˣƾʲôбĳƺţ
޳֮ͽ᲻úģҲŹ㣡
ʸĳƺţӦý޳ӣ

ǱֲϣԽԽ
ϴ¸ߺ߳ŭΪ˱סԼŶڣȻԼô˸Ͳ¶ԷߺΪеĽԼʧء
ϴһӣе춼סԺǾǱūôô˵ǵˣҪúõһˣ
˵սڽŮһѽ·˺ѿֻʣ£Ұ˵ߺǰ
ŮֳĻ㣬˾ͽ̵ŮȾͲֵһˡ
ǸŮӲϵĳУߺмһЦҲҪЩеһ룡ǡ
ߺ˫һϴɪɪҪжŮˣˣˣӣʳ
ߺָָЩ˵ϣ˵ǵҲˣ
ɽ
˵գߺͲЩ˻ᣬһƺݺݵܼĵطȥ
ߺǿǸͲСȺˣҪ֪жˣߺŵĿһ£صаʮˣصʮˣһصĶʮˣصʮˣˡ
ǿĶߺԼԿеѶȣҿߺոͻˣȻصΪԿôһ֧飬Ǹ졣
һɴִĺڸߺǳһɽܼĵطѹȥ
ʲôɽ𣿸ߺѾǿֵز𣿡
Ϊʲôô䣬ѾǴ˰
̫ˣҶˣ޷ˣҵϽˣ
Һ˯Ϊʲôеʧ
ЩѾˣɽǺıʹԲɵ¶˲½˺öȣЩŵѾˡ
Ǿɽ˸ΪأЩɽĵͼѾһڵȫˣеҲĺȫ
ֻߵĽЩصѾȫˣͬһ񣬱ˣ˵Ҳ֮顣
ЩһصߣеȽǿԻûôңЩ뵽ǵ֮Уȫˡ
ɽݺݵȥмѪɣɽ²ϵͷѵ
䣡
Ǳɽݺݵڵϣѿ˼ѷ죬Щ쵽ݴЩݷ׷׵£¡¡һƬƬ
ɽû˸ߺ֧ţɢڿУֻһĹҵĽ
ֻһҺɽЩ˾˽ʮˡһص߾ʮҡ
СǶսϴ˲ͱŭˣû뵽ߺȻ˵ʹ򣬸ûдк
˵ǵսƷǲȫһսߺ˵
ϴϸ룬оߺ˵ҲԣսʹԼʤҲûκսƷʱ˵ԼŮƸ
Ƕʮ˽Щϵ⣬ҿסǣ˭Ǿɱ˭ϴ󻮷ֳʮˣֻһһصߡ
ǸһСϴڶһ֣еȫ˳ׯڴ⿪ʼս
ս֮ǰߺǸסĻߵǸҶҵսƷҾͻȽɱ
еĺǶʮסߵ˲һ㱡ĺ
Ƕʮԭе̰˲ʧһգſ־忴Ÿߺʶĵ˵ͷ
ɽ
սĸߺһ˦ֱʹ˺ɽϴȥ
ϴ󿴵һɽԼݺݵһӰ

ֻǽӴһ˲䣬ǵӰͱɽסɽѹ֮±ɷĩ
ϴ󿴵ԼȫһȻкã֪ԼлԼɣ˲һµԼǰԼȴԶԶӳɽ
Ʊ
ڱɽûصʱ򣬸ߺ˫ȭڵϣͷųһڵγɣЩںϲϳ̣һɣܶ˶Ǹ̴̴
ԱߵЩͻȻоջһЩڵϳֱ֣ɽݺݵڵϡ
ֻ˲䣬аʮڸߺ֮£ȻߣֳɾȻ˿ֻŲѡ


66 
Ǳߺʵ𣿹治Ϊߺʵи૵
ԭǻΪʲôôֵĳƺţҪ֪½ǧûйڱĳƺţˮҲмǹڱȴǴûгֹ
һףߺı֮ǿܼÿһγֶкÿһʹΧ¶½ʮȡ
ЩѾһðˣһΪߺ̫Ѿˣڼ״̬ʱٳһĻ¾Ҫˡ
ϴԼϡϡʮˣͬһ㺮ޱȣ嶼ʼ
֪ԼǸߺĶ֣Ȼߺһ㣬Ҳǻؾ磬ʵȴԷ̫Զˡ
ַͽֻȽϵЩһ㣬ǰʵ˵ЩԿʲ˵Ľ
Ϊȱֱǰľ벻ϴµ뷨ǵͽĿֻΪ̰ͼ֣ѾΪʳˡ
ֻǷͽ׵Ĵڣ˼ȡÿֻٴׯ̰ͼƱŮ
ǵʵߺĺֹʮǧڱǰκһԵֿϴ󣬸Ҫ˵Ѿڵĸߺˡ
ԭߺĵĲ⼸صߣЩ߸ԼһֲһͬԼʱԼͳԲ˶ˡ
û뵽ȻôԼĿЩ񣬲Լ鼯
ܶȣʹһϹʹúɽҲԴһЩˡ
ռ޷ֿߺǱĺԻδеʱ򣬾Ѿ˶ˡ
һߺĺ˿ܶȣסԷ壬ʹöԷһܱɽܡ
ͣԸ⽫ЩƲȫַ̧Źɣ
ڵѾߺƵˣѾûߺභ˼ͷ絷⣬ߺġ
һԼ춼ˣҲ׷׹£ϵĿͷ
Ĺǰɣ
ߴүͰǵһƨ˰ɣ

ߺɫȻ崺磬ɫһ˿ղŵɱ뺮Цĵλ˵ʲô¡
˵⣬ߺȻסˣ仰ȫһԼ
û뵽ߺɫȻת䣬Ǽ˪ĿеɱôܷŹأῪЦ
ߺ˲γĳףϲȥĳɱȫڸߺվĵط˲䱬㺮
Ǻһߺ񣬲Ҳϵ˷ȥٶޱȣɱ͡
ֻɲǼͽԲʮɵĵ˺ĵ򣬰еĿϵᣬȻܵ˵ѩ
ȻֻڸߺΧƮʮƬѩҲ԰ˡǺ̫䣬˲佫еЩˮסγʮѩ
ҲǸߺΧ¶̫ڵ͵ԵʣߺԽ¶ȾԽ֮ͣԶľͲһ㡣
ǸߺܹʹƬı䣬ȫëѩĻҲ⣬˵ߺ̫Զˡ
Щͽȫһߺ̶һߺǵ°Ĺ̶ұӲޱȣеıͲ֮ܽƿ
ƱֻʣЩߣЩһֱ˻ıһǻԹȥʡ¡
̣
ߺڵϣͺһСɱƣ̳ڱϡ
Щ̳ɱƽģͬһԵޱȣ˵ǴëҲΪ˴˸˸⣬˹ͷ
Ŷ

ҽڶЩÿ϶̴̽ⷽԲʮɺƳ˴˵еĵɽϵ˱С
ܼȥЩȫ已̥ʹҲأֵס˱ĺ׷ȥ
һӹ󣬸ߺֹͣͷƣѲͷˣЩû˸ߺ֧Ҳôĺ䡣
ߺʹõĺɽͬɽ֮ԻɢҪ״ɽֻǹĺɵӾ룬ʵɽǺ
㲻ͬɸߺģı㡣
ߺĲǳվֱֹߺܹ᷽Բʮɡ
˳վܣߺȫ᷽Բʮɵı㣬ΪڸߺܺѾﵽͨصˣҲԽսԭ
ߺҲڷվʹҲֻ˽׶Ժ϶Ҫ̭ģôܷõԻΪ׹Ǹߺĵˣ
ʱѾˣµĻӳ֮£ԿܵľǺ˵ʬ塣
Ƕ߶µĶʮˣǶµԭһǱŵãһǱġ
ڸߺ޶ȵͷźڷԲ¶ȶԵĽͣٽ죬Ǵ٣ôͻȻһµȻܲˡ
ǶʮҲܲˣɽķȥڸߺеѾˡ
ɽȻǿ󣬵ÿһζĸߺɵʹñͬ⺮ɽǳĸߺڵ
νֻʱöѣʱܽĲʱһ롣
ͷźɽ׵׵ʧڣҪָֻߺʱָе
ټϸߺαƣڸߺڵѾʣ޼ټʹãڸߺվŶҡҡλεġ
ߺһǾնݳ


67 Ҫ㣬Ҫ㣡
Լ´ʽôͱȥЩϣԼɳƱػԼ
Լɱѿ֮Уμң½ҡ
Ҫ֪ߺǵ˲ҲвͲϣߺɳڵʵ޷ں龳Ա
һ죬ںˣôʲôҲںˣ
ƾߺеʵҪֱɱ⼸ˣǸǳ˵Ρ
еһɣʹóĵضɽҡ޷һ߻ܣοаûнʳˣѿտҲ
ʹӵصҲûʹˡ
ߺһתĵֻöһˣ
ǶվסȻĻ˭ǰҾҪ˭ߺװǻƣɱζҪһ㡣
йȻãߺĻոճڣǶʮվǲҶֺ
ȫһл˵ģҲɱǵģҸߺһԾŶߺʣһװС
һ֮󣬸ߺǲ㺮ϣעǶʮˡ
Ƕʮ㿴ңҿ㣬ߺŲʱٶס
ӹߺڵȵе㲻ͷˣȻ״Ҫһġ
ȻԷŭߺߺȴһƢûУ׵˵Էڸߺмӣûһʵ
Ǽߺŭŵƨߺǰ˫һ׷׹ڸߺǰ
Ǹһص͵͵һ۸ߺɫǿеľ£ĵߴүСһ·СԸūͣԺ򶫣ǾץǾ켦
㸸ĸգߺͻȻðôһ仰Ȼ֪ߺ«ʲôҩ
ҸĸѾˣ
š㸸ĸǸʲôģ
Ҹĸл
ʲô
Ҹĸģ

Nú󣬸ߺ̲סˣǲɵӰôҪһ񰡣
Ƕʮ˭Ҳûע⵽ԴӸߺǣ˫־һֱû뿪Ǳ㣬Ǳ㻹ڲϵСС
ǵעڸߺߵĶԻ֮У㶵ĿˣֵһĸߺôʳĻ
Ǹ̾ǿ߲ΪǿߣڶԷǰ᲻֪룬ش𶼴ʡ
˿˿˳Ÿߺ˫ֽ뵽ߺ֮УΪߺָʵڸߺеѾָˣԭʣģ㲻ɡ
ڣߺѾָĳɣڲѾ쵽ҹˣߺŲŭͬ⽫ʮ˸顣
дʵľȻʮˣøߺЩץ
⣡
ߺȻվͷų޾ĺ⣬ʮȫɱ
ߺõĻ̫䣬ֻǱ֤Щ޷δ
ʮȫֵĿŸߺ֪ߺҪʲô
ߺǰ˫ְ̽ȥڵĺȫΪá
ߺѡڳҲɵģٵһʱ䣬ЩЩ˻Ϊĺⲻϣġ
ŸߺĸΣеĴѹŸߺһʼǾִŷŭ˵ʬ˸ߺ˼
ߺҪūǶԸ˵һƣ׷׹£лߺߺǸ
ߺһһԭߺƢӦתߣǵĸл¹򣬵ڸߺǡ
ӦǶʮˣɱǣߺ˵ȷǧһ
ҪȺ֣ɱʮˣͿԼȱסԼܣֲʳԡ
ûߵԭǣҪۿŻᰲġ
ҹ¸ɫ¹ضԡɫ¹֮£ֻóҹﲻϵУӳĳҹƺضֹˡ
ںԭɽһׯȴޱȣһȺΧмѤõޱȡ
˵ԼĶ˾Ȼаûнʳˣæɱд˸ߺ
ߺǺܲ˼ģߺԵĺܺһץһֻһץһոտõȡ
ҿԵòֺ
ԼĶƤĵ˵ͷڸߺԱߵĹͷѾˣ
ͳԵļһ£ߺֻ˸ȣڿߺûжԡ
극󣬸ߺڸоԼЩָˣܱһȺĴΧš
ûż
ˣûг׵뷨
˵ڻδ䣬㿴ҵŮΣŮǻƻŮĵһŮأ
һߺǰĶԸߺ˵ߺ˳ָȥϵĺëըⳤļֱ˾㤰
صжٽҲˣؼľߣҲͲһߡ
ȸߣ촽ͬѼһ㣬۾һɶˣֻ죬ͷģֱǸֽ
ߺ㽫ճµķ³ǿȥߺǿһЦѾлԼˣĺˣ
ǴʧˣǸŮֽϵߺۡ
ߺŻ̲ס뵽ׯ˶ϹҲܳΪһŮ
˯֮ǰǶʮ˾ͼߵĴɱˣͷ­£ЩȥĴ
Щ˵ʬ屻һѻյ
ߺڴׯһҹסĵطǸǿеǸŮ˵ļҡ
ǸŮ˸Լĸһסĸڶǰˣ
ڴõķӱͲˣһֱ˷ŻյˣһǱߺкɽˡ
Բѣߺûеסֻһҵסһ
˵ߺסһȻϲʤ
ҹߺһĴʱҹȴ
ߺѰǰ¹֮£ǸŮ¹£̨ϱͷ
ѯԭ֪ԭŮѾһСӣҲǳమ
Ǵ˴˽壬ȴ飬֪ԷԸԸҪԸĻһˡ
½ǱȽϷ⽨ģŮӵʮҪԷҪҲں֮С
ߺ̾һҪ㣬Ҫ
Ůסˡ


68 ٴαչ
˵ĲǸ˼ߺεĽ͵ҵ˼Ժһ𣡡
ߺԽ˵ԽңŮӵҲԽԽˡ
ʱһ˻˸ߺݽ
Ҫ˵ˣһص˴Ӻ˽ֻкᡣ
ߺղųʱͷˣһֱ⣬ֻߺûеƣߺܾŮӿеɾɣ
ߺ룬ߵŮǰһѽ֮§סʹ飬ﲻס˵ţ¶Բ𡭡
ߺԱĬĬۿĵԭŮӽ¶һܺ֡
оס˾ͽ̵Լģŵӡ
ʱ˵ߺûоǲܵģ΢΢ʹֻԼ֪
ڵȵ˿ˣ˷׷
¶ӨӨһЦԲˣߴҲܸߣ
Ҳ֪ҲǸ˼ߺݸһЦ˵
Ǹ˵ߺס
ֽзСţСʮְ¶ʹ¶ڲǴ֮ҲԸ⣬Ͼ¶ԼҲ뷢
˭֪Сţĸĸȴͬ⣬ǿһǴ֮ŮӣѾûʸǵĶϱˡ
ǽ˵Сţʱ򣬷СţԣκθĸƣѴ֮
һת͵͵¶ˣʵѹֲе˼
ߺ΢΢һЦһƣ֪ԸԸһ
ߴҴľˣһ¶ħצʲô˵ǣҾӣСţĵĵ
ߺһЦҵ취ģôģ
ߺһгһʵˮǸߺģӡ
ˮʱҲǸߺһʱģû뵽ˮʲôó
ˮݸСţߺôʹá
Сţʮˣȸߺ꣬Ѿ䣬Ǹߺܲ׾
ҲҪԷʲôʣһʣǾ͸ɴ಻ˣϾʵ̫ˣⱲܲͻƻ澳绹˵أ
Сţոߺ˵ķַˮϣһӹȥˡ
Ȼˮ﷢һ۵Ĺâøߺ۾΢΢¶ĸתͷȥֱӡ
ŵʣߺ΢΢ľҪ֪߼Ҷûгּŵȳʣû뵽ֻһССɽȻͳһŵȵʡ
ãߺ̲ס̾
СţˮȲʸߺߴô
ߺһн͸СţһɽĺӸͲ֪ҲûǮˮ
ʵɽڱûʲϷǣʤ
Сţ˷ܲѣ¶˽ӵ
¶Ҳ˲ԣʲһ㣬ʡ
һ֮ڷʣøߺҲ˷ܲѡ
Ƕ˿ԸҸ߼ңҸ߼ҵӵܣȻǻոԵգҪҸ߼ңߺڽԼе˳
ԭֻ뽫˰ŵ߼ңȻвʣ͸˵ˣ
ģߴ˵ģԸǣ书
ԼĶ䣬Ȼ˲֪ʵ飬֪ɽҰ˼ʹ츳ٺãЩҲΪͽġ
ȻӽԺǾҸ߼ҵŵӣǴǸ컳ѳġɽ˽׸߽׹ɣߺһӻóݸСţ
ִӴָóֽʣ齣д¶
Ҹ߼ҵһȻߣҲֻⱾʺˣ
˸жӯ׷׸ߺ£ҷСţԴӽԺֻڸߺһˣΥԸعӽ𣬸ߺһ׷ˣ
¶Ҳ˵ƵĻߺ֪˶˳ɽ壬鴾ӡÿ仰Ķÿ仰ϵġ
ǲˣҲֻǾ֮Ͷѣǽ߼µģǵʲһ͸ðˣߺһЦ
ӽǾͬɣгɵʱҾǻذ׳Ǹ߼ң
ǣˣСţ¶һͬڵϣĵ
ҪˣǿԽҸߴ磡ߺʵ˺Լˡ
⡭Сţ¶ЩΪѣϾЩ̫ѳˡ
¶һתǽүɣ
СţҲ۾һ԰ӽҺС¾ͽү²μү
ߺҲûʲô취ˣֻĬǵ
̸һҹֱҹ

⣬˵ߺҪߵĴǾۼһ͸ߺ뿪
ߺҲҪշСţ¶Ϊµˣ˵Ժϲʤﻹܾ˵¡
Ҫ֪˵󶼳˸ߺߣǾոˡ
½Ϊƽ϶磬߸˱ˣŭ֮ɱͲ÷˵˿
ΪɽҰܹΪ˵ߣĪҫ
ʹȥֵðﻹҲӦߺҪأ

ߺȫˣǧҪϵκǻɱ֮ġ
ȫȫӦˡ

ȫ֮󣬸ߺʹŷСţ¶˺ԭɽȣƬķصȥ
ǵطޱȣΪ˸ߺ˴źı·õʱ򱻶ˡ
һ·ϣߺϵˣǧҪĹʹǸĸ˶С
Ըߺ̫Ҫˣʧȥطڵ¸ߺΪʮֻ
ߺǱĺʣΪڱԭ򣬵¸ߺպҲǿʵûĵطߺٶȿ»ʮֹɣ
ûƬطߺ˵ڻŲ㣬ԶԶڵĻ澳硣
ڣߺ˵ĿĵأߺԸ˲Ҫֽ̫ܵ˵˴Ųٿߺ²Բû⣬ǷСţ¶已̥˲Կǻġ
ԱߵǿھҲˣľҪֱףߺŷġ
ߺһ壬Ѹ뵽Ǹ·֮У׼ٴαչأԼɹ
ƬطޱȣͲҰ޸ڿԸߺҲǻҰʲôģ


69 ɹ
û뵽طȻ˹¶㽫ӸǺˣǧҪţСţѾصشŰʮףȻоޱȡ
¶ʮȣ˽İǺı죬ɸоޱȣ岻סĴ
å㲻粻硭¶˵ͻȻŤŤģɫĸ͸Ѫһ㣬ʹҿСţһۡ
ţô¶ôôأǲˣҪҪȥ￴·Сţ¶˵ŤŤģɫͨ죬Ϊء
Ƴ˷Сţһۣ¶ŭһӣ˵˵ҪǾʹһůһЩ
˵գ¶ñͷ̧ͷСţˣ
Сţ⻰㶴⿴˰죬ϲĽ뵽档
˷ϣ쳹Ƭ

ߺոս·֮УһƬޱȵĺӭøߺ̹ޱȣͺƻصյĹһ㡣
뷨øߺоʮֵĹ죬һƬĹԼĹޣǸߺǾˡ
о죬ԺϲָоǺƺԶһеĸǳߺ֡
ЩͬһֵС飬ǰ̵˽ߺУߺЩںһ𣬳Ϊߺеһ֣ǿߺʵΪ
ߺʵһ֮ǿԽʽ
ʱ֮ڣߺΪˣٲƺΪĻǿɾĻᵼ¸ˡ
ȻѾԹ鵤ԵҩȹΪķضǱȲĳ
ߺǿʵֿУЩȫѪ֮УЩ塣
Щ뵽ߺѪ֮Уо̲һˣˬĸоʧˣʹĸλߺĴԡ
ͬø̽ߺ壬ߺ嶼ʼһľʹĸоøߺʹȥ

ߺݶ챻ҧˣǸߺȻţȥȻĻ鷳ˣп档
һԼͿᷢ״ֻһ⣬Ǿǿȵ⡣
ߺΪȻѾ˻صľ磬ֻŻһصΪ
˱ĺѾԽ˸ߺԳܵļޣڸߺѪڱļȵĺ䡣
ˣڸߺѪѾʼļ˿˿Ѫɫ˿Ĵڡ
ⶼһ㾧ӨĺߺȫѾˣڵĸߺͬһһ㡣
ǣߺڵȴڲϵתЩȻԸߺ˺ǸߺѾǻصΪЩ˵ͬҩһ㡣
ߺ˼һת˳Ÿߺ뵽ߺĻ꺣֮ڣߺںһ𣬸ߺĵ˲ָһ˿
Ȼֻǻָ˲ǧ֮һʤԸߺֳЩϵĽ뵽֮С
ߺϵĺգҲᶳǸߺôʹ
Ȼ˺ܶ࣬Ǻ䣬ô䡣
ʹøߺ˫۱з˻š
ǺϵĴŸߺ壬ߺе־ߺҲһĽ
ߺеĺɵĴŸߺ壬ߺסʹǱ似óۿ
似ͬĹĹ㣬Ҫӳȫȴô򵥵ġ
к֣ܶйƵģйڽģйڵġȵȸָĹ
Ҫ뷢ӳͱҪⱾ⾳ͱ˵ҵལν
ѾʮϣȻûзӳ׹Ϊûв⾳
֮⣬ӦŽҲΪûвȻĻߺԷĵס
Ž𣬵⾳һȥ˵ʽߺζ޷ֿġ
似ͬˣ似ͲҪκ⾳ֻҪͿʹóСǿء
ߺĻӰ߾Ͳòκ⾳ֻҪһУͿʹˡ
ܣ似һ֣еĳķУȻγһơ
ɹһ㣬γһ棬˶ܼӲޱȣܵĽṹжγɵġ
˵һ֧ܣҪƵܾҪóǿıܹƿ
⻹ϣ֮ЩԶֽһ
ȻҲȫȻǺôҪҪϵĺķֻҪһֱڣͻһֱġ
ֹͣʹãһֱģֱľΪֹ
ߺܵĹ֣еַУڸߺϲϵγһ
ȻʧԱ仯һ״ٶʧǸߺڲϵ̽зγɵģʧַ֤ƺвͨ
Ҳҿߺ·֮УȻߺ޷ܵĵġ
ߺͨϵպظѾĵʹøߺڵʼձ۷塣
ʱ֮󣬸ߺȻ˫۾

ߺǰͻȻһ澧Ө͸ĶƣƳΣһףжʮ֣ǿžͺʸУŸߺ֣Ÿߺֲϵƶ
ߺĵ˵ͷȻ˲ջ֧ƵʧڿС
ɹˣʣµľҪоܺЩˡ
ʱߺȻսȻ͵ſʹøߺСǰ׳һȦ
һǿγһɳܼȥĶʮֵľ룬ͲƽˣϾܶ䵽ԼӸĺҲǳᡣ
󣬸ߺָֻССӡ
ߺɹﻯһؾ磡


70 ý
·ѿߺһɳ죬ֱֱ߿ռʮףŽ£ֻʹôȥġ
ڸߺѾ˻һأһ״һ׶Ρ
Ͼֲַεķ̫ͳһֻ߲ŻľԼȷеĸ߷ࡣ
ĲԷڻһأͻᱻλһߡ
ЩʵǺ׼ȷҪ֪ɾͲֹǸˣһ㻯һصǿߣͬ޵еġ
۷߿뻯
ǿԽԵĿͻԽ࣬ΪҲԽ
һҪǶƤ⣬ЩǮĴӵܣֻҩͿǿнһĵز
ǣһҪﵽԲǾͱ뿿ϵĶſԽƤصȫ
˵ڸߺһûнйκεĶɵģҪﵽԲͱҪвиĶˡ
ȻߺϵպֱűˣҲ벽
ܶ߾࣬Ųѡ壬ѡһߡ
ǸߺȴôΪҲҪ塣
˵еҺĻô
ֻˣŻɸҺҲֻǿˣܹظǿҺ
ԸߺΪ߱زٵģ˵岻ǿᣬͲײǿ񱩵Ȼᱬġ
˴θߺչأֻ˶첻Ǳ»ŵ°Ͷõ
Ͼʮ첻ͽһɣϢʵ̫˵㣬ЩҩģҲſԽɡ
ǷŵߺϣǰҲһ£ͽˣֱ
ʵҲһߺԪ壬ú壬ǸߺǺʣ͸ˡ
ڶߺʮɶóԽܵдģߺһ͵óױɱߺԼ²ѡ
飡
䣡
ߺ䵽ϣһȭϣǺıѿ˼ƣɢȥӸ߿տ㶼ѳ˼롣

ߺ³һȻתСţڵĵط
ֵϣ׿һСţ̧ͷ㤵ĿŸߺվĵط
ߺȻ˵沿飬ǻһѵġ
𿴣ߺҲǶ䣬ڵȻ֪Ů֮£Ժڸʲô
ߺתǹ·֮Уȴĵ
£ߺ£˫ۣ߾ĵĽý
νãǿĴڣҲǲʵģٶȼĽ·һּ
ýдʵĽĽڻý֮Уƻʵöȫ嵽ǻûʵȵֵʱѾнˡ
⽣ڲؽ˵ؽΪýһ㡣
ˣߺֻýӰ֮⾳ǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ңߺӻýм䣬ֻý˺Ӱ֮⾳Ȼֻһ˿˿ǻǱߺˡ
ߺͬоνƽһ㣬ϸķǻý֡
омһӰ֮⾳ԼӰ֮⾳йӴȻýҲӰ֮⾳ߺãǺܺõͻƿڡ
ӰﶼӰӣӰӰӰӰӡ
ΣֻһӰӣô˵ĻӰأ
ߺϵ˼γʶڿлţǵӰ֮⾳
ӰڿУϵĽߣߵĺȴϵнӰƮ
ͺкܶ౦ϵĳڿУ˷ֲʵϸǿԿвͬ
ǾʵĳʼڸߺУһѨĽӰݻΩΩФֻڣоûκεã
ߺȻ˫ۣ潣ߣϵڶѨߣ
˿ļͻ֣ᷢߺ˲Ӱӣϸһа˵Ӱӣڸߺĺ档
ߺӰͻȻֹͣЩӰȻǰͺ̵ǰȥڵǸߺ˻ӰЩӰĸߺ
ؽ
ߺʹؽߺһӰӣеĽǲǸӰ֮Уߺ岻εӰӣҲŸߺϵĲ뽣ӰС
ߺϵı任ÿһӰӶпܳΪ쵼߸Ӱʵ壬ǵҪһȥʱǸӰֱɻӰ
ǸߺӰ֮⾳ֽһԭ˵ǰߺӰ֮⾳ʮ֮ңôھǾŲˡ
ˣڸߺӰ֮⾳һѾʹóӰɵĵڶ׶ΡӰΡ
βýɹˣṦҲͻˣò˵˵һ졣


71 
ߺĻýɹˣʱѾʱˣߺٴƶθߺûŪôĶĬĬġ
صذ״Сţ¶
ԴߺεٻطĹ֮˱һҹδߣҲûн顣
¶ϵСţСţΣһ˵ôҰ
룬ɲ˵ֻĬĬܡ
վǣߺӰվڶ˵ǰҲ֪˵ʲôֻεͷ
˿ߺҲʮֵΣȫڵϣμү
СţϿߺͷԼҲͷǸүǶԲǡ
ལͣ죬˵ˣ
ߺæסСţ죬÷Сţ˵ȥߺ֪ôˣԭ˾䣬Ҳ
˴ӵϷߺ˵һԼ뷨
ھߺѾˣ֮ԼҲ쵽ˣҸߺֻл澳磬ӦѾȫԽΪŵˡ
ŵӻбĸǾԼӵһڵϵͥԺԼӿٶȡ
ңڷСţ¶Ϊ̫ˣԭɽв֪ᷢʲô飬˵ʵֻͨҰޣҪ˵Ҫ˵߽ˡ
Ըߺ뽫ǴţȻп˳ΪŵӣͿԼסˡ
˭չߺһ㶼ģ²иŵ˻־ͺˡ
պ˳ˣŵ·
֮ڣ˶һߺǴαʳ֮аûгԶԸߺȥ˵Ұζ
Ҳ÷Сţ¶һˣһͷСɽһҰֻͻ
Сţ¶һֻֻȣҲԲˡ
ߺͬˣߺ˰ֻҰһֻͻһδӣ˻ɣǲǼûԹˡ

٣٣
һһǳ·
Ѿȵ죬ʱ磬̫գȵϢе˶䤱ϻϣûԸȵϢ»Ҫ·
һˣرȵ죬һʯһǰȥ
ǿʯޱȣǧȻ̫޴󣬳߶һ࣬ʯͷͱͨʯͷء
⻹ǸߺӺԭɽҵģΪʯͷߺϧһʱ䣬Ѱҵʯͷ
үĲҺСţ߰ɣ¶ĵĿŸߺڵӣЩˣ
ǰүҪжĻҲҪϰʱҲòȡСţҲĵĿŸߺΨָߺιȥĻ˾ûκΰ취ˡ
Ҫ֪ߺϵʯмǧʹ˺޷֮Ų֣ôߺҪѹ档
Ǹߺ˵ĺںȻһǳһǰÿһڼӲĽӡ
ڸߺһĽӡ죬ڵĸߺѾǺ䤱ˡ
ǸߺĻڵʹҲְκˮΪԶİߺȣߺˬ
ڴ֮ǰߺΪ˴ﵽѵ壬ѾеΪȫӡסˣڸߺõȫ
εξӨĺˮӸߺͷϵ£ҵĵϣꡣ
ڸߺϳֳ״̬̫ȶɵġ
ߺ˾뿪ԭɽѾʮˣߺÿ춼ߵģ϶ûиʱͷžʯ
Сţںϣߺ˵һ㡣
һʼʱߺҲܲˣ͸оͷǿҪѿƵģʱ˸ߺͷϵʹС˲١
ͷľˣǾϵеߺصĲλ
ҲǸߺͷߺͷںһ𣬼ǿͷǵӲȡ
ߺ֪ԼĲѾ֮٣ȻͷǣڸߺͷǵļӲ̶ȣʹǽһֺʯͷϣߺͷҲ¡
ҲӦ֮ϲɣϾߺֵͼߣͷԶĵط֮һҲûκ幦ܹǿͷļӲ̶ȡ
ӸߺԱ߾ȫСߺܹ˼ʵĵĽӡ֤ߺǿʯԲᡣ
ܹ˳صľʯżֱôʱߣ϶ߣҲ۷Ϊ
ڵĸߺǳιȥǸߺĻ꺣ȴޱȱĺһʹøߺ޷ΪȶԣԽԽѡ
ĽǸߺܸоԼͬһʹϢȣÿһøߺܡ
ģ·ϵԽԽˣΪѾӽɽ
ɽǰǶʵƮڵڵأûм۵˸̤Ρ
˵ˣɽׯɽҲ磬˵ˡ
ԣһɽ·ϵ˶ʱ˲٣ϡϡģܾòŻ˴Ա߾
Щ˲ʦģƮڵĵӡ
Щ˴󲿷ַǸҪʵǿᣬߺֶǻǲеģԸߺ֮


72 յ

һں³⽫һµĶڸߺѾǰ׳ʵ˺̺ܶ࣬㡣
ߺֻʣ°·һƷϰ·볤۱봢ָˣɷСţš
öָûбߺָϣһɫӴڲϣŸߺϵָҲϵĵ
䣡䣡
ߺ͵һشǧľʯߺһͶȥԶݺݵڵϣȻ󲻶ϵԶȥ
ʱĶߺھȷᷢվȶɪɪޱȡ
ȣߺȫ¶ֻۣ󱳵ĥҲʮֵء
ĺһֱʯͷ涼ĥˣʼ֮ǰļ챻ĥѪģȻһϾͽ̣ȻڶֱĦѪģ
ͺöˣߺƤⲻϵĻָϵıøӼͣģߺĺ󱳿ʼٱʯĥƣͨ죬ϵıĥѪ
ڸߺĺֻһƬͨ죬ǰǺ˺ܶˡ
¸¸£
ߺһ壬ͷһƬ
˸ߺһ·ϵѵߺһԲһѾһԲԭԽˡ
ֻҪﵽһԲǾͿԿһ£ôˡ
ʱ򣬲ҪƤ⣬ҪͷͷͬһӲ
ʱϣھƮڲʮǸߺˡ
Ϲǰ֮Լһˣ֣ƷͿŵһС

ʱһһĹȥˣߺڱӡҲ𽥱⿪ߺҲ𽥵ӦЩ
Щӡ˽һ£һͷų㿪ʼԾߺѹס
ǣߺ֮ѹסˣڸߺȻѹޱȵͬһ˷ɢȥ
ЩȻС̱ˣһ㱡ĺЩľҲͬ˺Ƶġ
ЩСݵѾȫˣЩԺƬݵػữһƬأЩҲὥ
ҿǴűӣȻҪˣСţ˸߲ҵĽǺޱ˸ϡ
Ȼ˵ѾˣһضûдﵽҾﵽһΣص߶ֲסߺϵĺֵܹס
ŹһӣߺڽϵĲѹȥˣָƽ
ߺϿһһҪ⸽ɢĺϿյȻԵ̫ˡ

ģܵĺɢһգڱдŵ˸оԽԽȣ˴·ѡ
СţŵߺߣϸүæһǸΣ
ߺ΢΢һЦҲɣ
ߺתȾʼ뽣ƣǸߺǿƣԸߺҪ콫תɡ
ǱƣǿǸߺĿұ죬ߺһҪ֮ɣת⾳
ڽת⾳ôߺھͿصΪܻߣ뻯߶Կ
ڻأǶڸߺ̫ңԶˣǸߺڿģڸߺǵĻƲˡ
лûл֮Ĳʵ̫ˣͱ磬ߺڹһߡ
ԷںߺĹֻȻ޵ߺͿˡ
ߺͬˣԷĹߺӣ֮£˭ǿ˭֮һ¾ͿԷֱˡ
ڷСţ飬ߺȻˣ˱మڸ罺ƻҲ֮С
ڶ峿Сţ¶̫ۣԺܾöû
ߺһˣһҹĸߺڿνˬˣߺʱֻ̫¶˰
ڲݵϣߺǳԵĲֺԴһ֮󣬸ߺԼʳ˲٣ô඼óŵûš
ߺ֪ǿҪ䣬ЩһЩʵԵʣϾڸߺ̫ͼˡ
߽֮Ϊʳſһ۳ˮΣγһӽ뵽С
ߺ֪ԼԵĶ࣬ѵʱҲԸߺȶһԶ
Сţ¶ڸߺԵһʱˣĺһȻߵߺǰ׷׸ߺ
ߺ˵ͷȻĵ棬ʾһԡ
үôô簡¶ӯӯ£һŹӷŽֵʸߺ
¶ΪŮӣȻ̫ϲ⣬Ըߺ˱·һǳصʱЩӡ
ҪƮˣ㣡ߺ˵һ䣬˵ͷԡ
һʱվƮڵɽ֮ǰôİֻŵĵȴСˣΪԼҲֻصľ磬Ǹոռ벻õġ
վסƮصأ˵ȸϿҹȻɱ⣡
ߺһ㶣΢΢ЦȥˣԼĴһֻ˶ѣ


73 һ
ʦ֣ǸʦʦˣδȸߺŵӷһżǻӸߺ
ߺоЩ죬ͷƣңô⣿
˵֮ңߺѡķ̵ӣҲǽ֮һʶˡ
ڵȴʮֲҵһ·֪ûϴˣǸߺϸĻ·ԭɫɫġ
ˣɫݹᾣߺǰЩӱչеһƴڱǻҪݡ
ѵҲȥչˣߺס뵽
Сţ¶Ŀɿڴ˾ңΪͶүµģչغӶô񣡡
ҿߺޱȵļȻʧʹ
һߺоΪԼӣϾߺֻ뿪˲꣬ʱ˵ʲôԼӦø˲ǣʲôأ
ߺоһ£˰Σң⵽ô£
ʦ֡Ҹո˵ͱŵӸˡ
ҵʱ˭أԭҰһ
ңȥʦֵˮ⣬ǵĲˣȻÿ
ߺһ³Ҳ˵ʲôߺҲ֪ôˣȻǹ˼
ˣССͯҲ۸ҵͷϣڴԼߺԲܡ
ңѾ۷ˣѲܺ߹ҽѵһǣߺˮɭޱȣ¶Ҳ˲½˼ȡ
ŵűͻ¶ϮȻĪĿ˶Էһۡ
ңңͲ¹ʦͷ𣿡
ǣ㻹ָǸһǴŵһӸߺ𣿱ˣڹʦѾﵽ澳ˣŵһˣ
ûοĸƱʦѾΪŵˣǵ𣿡
ͯɫȻпɽǵΪȷҵͣ溦һӸߺĽ飬Լˡ
ڵȴЩΪˣڵȷǺ¸ߺǹƱ֣Լһ֣Լ⣬ʦЩ̫ðɣ
ϾԼ۵ӣŵɱһ۵ӶҲԵ𷣼䣬Բ̫ء
ߺûж価ƴǣ֪ˣԼʳǵ黹ûдҲֻϲһЩ˿ûд±
ϾʳǾɽ̫ԶˣҪĻҪһʱ䣿
껪˾û⴫øߺЩ֡
һۣߺ΢΢̾һϾųɳôܶԼΩǴأ
СţȥһƣߺȥˣŷСţ˵
ѾΪҳˣΪԼҪκ֪Լô۸ģԼҲ׸ģ
ǣүСţûκԥǰǰ
˶ߣȻܸоԷһضûдﵽƽˣһԷȻԼ⣬˵Ȼ׸
Сӣ
ȻҹҵȣҪɱˣƮ֮
˷׷׳ԼıСţǷСţûκεԥȻǰߡ
ۿ˵ĽҪ̵Сţϣ˵Ҳ¶Ц

һɺƾճ֣Ѹӵ˵Ľ£˳˵һֱϳȥҲ˲䱻ɺˣסˡ
ֱ쵽˵Ĳ¾Ͳϳˣ˵αĶˣҲܶ
žž
ͯϸ߸¡ӡɼ
ǣãǾ˺ƮڵӣҿҲģ˰ҪƮˣ
һͯˣû뵽ԼصΪȻᱻһ˴˲ӿŭĴȵ
仰ɲô򵥵ģƮʲôطŵôһų϶ù鿴ʵҪ֮¡
ڷߣɱ⣡
ͯһɤ֮ûһԶмӰѸɽŴԶ
ߺŭΪƮڵӣȻ仰û뵽ССͯȻһ亰˳
ٿǼӰߺЦ
ԼˣԼսŵӣ˼ҹ롣
ֻղͬգѾǻ澳ĵˣ
ߺԷˣԷҲȻߺˣ̲סЦߺԩ·խСүǻ澳ˣվɣ
󣬳γ³֮ƣݺݵߺϲ;Ļҳ
˾Ѿɫڳʱ䱻ɹڵϣɷһƬ
ߺһЦө֮Ҳԣ
ߺֻƣӭ⽣ûκε
ǺǣȻ
ʹΣܵסһ𣿡
Ǽ˷׷ЦǶǻӣҲŵӣڻһͨŵӵĿˣʱǾٵǸλˡ
ҿ־Ŀ⣬ͯĿУƽཻһ
ϣ
˲ǣݺȥȥƱƸ졣
һ˿Ѫӹ


74 һ
ʲʲôֻһƾͰѹˣһ£˵ı鶼ˣղŸߺƵʱǿǿûκĲ
ҲţԼһߣȻƲ˸ߺһƣʵ޷ܣܣһǴʲô˲ǿҩأȻܽһܣ
˺ҲˣҲ˲һԭ˵ı飬ӵĿŸߺ
ߺЦѣԼóȫʵǻ᲻˵ԼĽҩأ
½кܶҩȲһǲԵģҩԶԺԼĸһΪҲѽ粽
ЩģǾڽҩķΧˣÿһĴڡ
Щҩͬҩ֮ʵᷭͬʱҩЧȥ֮ǵҲߵյ㡣
ˣһЩħȻֲ˴˵Щ˲ʵĵҩҲΪҲԸЩҩ
ôֵΣܱȶĺЩɣ

ߺʲôʸƮڵӣ
ԣǹȥ
Уֱɵֻǽ֮𽫻ΪϵΪ
ɴɱˣ
ԣղŴŵľѾͶ֮ħˣɸñң

ԽԽҲޱȣߺɫҲԽԽѿԽԽ
ȻˣǾͲҪˣǡ
ߺ˵һ룬ƣһƻǣ˿˿ӸߺðǺڿһƵӰӡȥ
ΣΪ
һ£е˶ɫֵĿŸߺ˶ܡ
һӡǸ˹ͯϣͯĶ㣬ȴҲˣԭѾЩˡ
䣡
Ǹͯؿڲλһ͸ƶֱֱȥ
ֻͯʣ˺ڣǵߺôһɷǣԼĳԲѷˣѾûˡ

ܵȫ𾪵˵ˣ˿˿ںжסȴôҲֻþֵĿŸߺһֵԼ
ذԼ˿Ӧģи߽ŵӵʵˡ
ߺǰߣȻͣ˽Ų̧ͷֱֱĿϷ
ӰߺĿⶨһϣݵףһɫ۵ߺһޣ
֣Ʒ壡ߺĺ֣ƮԼɱһˣڸߺΪ͵ʱ޵ߺ
˵ǼѾǸߺһħˣ˲ߺպɾޣôˣԺǿׯ
˿֣ƷҲɫߺܹﻯ澳Ͳˣû뵽ߺȻ˾˵Ļء
ӣɱ֣ƷҲ¶ģԸߺ˵֣ƷħǶ֣Ʒ˵ߺֺγħ
ҹҹεߺſɶĿĻ
ߺһֻϣϵĿȥޱȵᷳ
츳ߺ뿪£صľ磬Ȼı䣬Źʡ
ǣȴôҲ벻һߺľͻ˲ƣ£ſͻƻأ
ɢһ飬û뵽ߵɽŴͿһĻҿӸߺΪȻѾﵽ˻صľ硣
Ҳ˱ɱߺľģ΢΢еɱ˿˿۾
ߺҲһɢ޾ɱ⣬ϺĳУ۹ʵʻ֣Ʒȥ
ߺڸʱԶһߺ˽Լȥ
һжƮɽЩ˸ߺȫʶ
ԭϻʦְôڲŵߣߺĴк
һжˣû뵽һºŵ
껪һЦģڰ·塪߽ˣϢϲȥ߼ҾһۣǴҶȥĵطԱԴǰȥˣ
ףΪȷ˸ߺڵΪһ׵ӡ
СӻȲôͽҩˣоôִ˸ߺһ£Ц
ߺһЦζüˣ

ߺ껪Ϸˣֱ˿ˡ
껪εеǰ˶ٵеıʹ洫ҲǱȽϿϵĴڡ
ң翷洫ӣ͵ĵϵһ㡣
ʱͻȻǰߺɽŲͯȭߣһ֮ɱˣ
Źһѱһĸ״ɫ࣬Ȼߺڵʵɱһ۵Ӹû£Ŀ֮£еѰ졣
תͷĵߺתͷʲô

ߺеľ껪Աŭ죺ǸôαĵһҿǻˣҲãŴҫˣŵͽ
ԣҿҲҲʮֵķŭڸ߼ߺľԸߺͶء

£ֻò֮
ϣ¿»ûɣ뵱Һ֣Ʒ֮սɼǵã촦µĹУߺһֱû뿪֣Ʒ塣
ʲô֣ƷҲг𣿡ʱ껪סˣʦܣҿ²ô˰ɣĶְ
԰ʦ֣˲С˹ˣҲȰ

Щ֣Ʒɫǵͨ죬ԼȻ˵ôܡ
֣Ʒ֮Ҳţһžͽɥŵʧ
ҲϣŸߺϣߺջԼŵԡ
ߺƳһ죬ĵһһ


75 һɱ
ߺ̫Ȼ˵ҲҶҪȡ֣ƷֱӷŭˣŭգŭĻûʧȥǣҽһ
֣ƷȻ޳ˣ껪ЩݣҲʾһҪɱߺľġ
ߺкէ֣˿˿˸Ը̨㣡
˵꣬ߺɽȥȥķ̨Сţ¶˽ںţ粽롣
֮УϽɱͬŵӣ˷вɲĳֻȥ̨ȻĻڲɱͬӵܣΪ
ߺ̨ȥ֣Ʒ嵱Ȼʾ˲ԭʧڰ֮⣬Ȼʧٴγڰ֮⡣
ÿһʧֵľ붼ͬǷȴ޷Ʋ⣬ָоʵޱȡ
껪ֿޱȡ
֣Ʒݺ˲ȻѾĵز𣿸ߺܲһܶԷ껪ĵĵ
ǰҪ֪ݺ˲Ī⣬ÿһʧǰ˲ľ룬Ͳ֪һںηҲޱȵġ
Ҫ֪ߺ˲ţÿŶᵱţ뱾ڵӽսģС
ЩΪʲôҪӦߺֱӸؾˣ
쳤̾һҡҡͷӦߺģҡ
תͷһۣû˵ʲôһܣзȥ̨
ͷô˵һͲ˵ˣˣС˵ﻹаȻ֮⣬ֱڼСŮĿɰ̬
ʦãôĵλÿһλӵдǻ۵ģԵ޹ʵĳЩʱһȰ
˵Ϊʲôĸװǰݣȥ
ʦãǴԼҪȥŵģǸϪĵ
ôǵˣˣںŶҪȥЩˣ
껪һ󺹣ⶼʲôʲô۸Զйϵ
껪˵Ҫ˵ʲôˣҸоղŸߺЩƽǻǵðʱɣ
ĵ˵ߺɥʧβ׺սһɲǣ
ʱߺ۾ǻɫģոա껪һͣҴӸߺп˻ƽɫս⣡
Ǿ͹ֲˡ

ƮߵλãǸߺҪȥĵطģ˸оĶһɽѹƵġ
ϿȣƮߵϿȴնģߣǧơ
̨ʮּӲʯͷֽʯӲʮִ󣬵ȴûа취κεĽ
Ʈŵı̨ȫʯͷɵģʹǻߵսҲû֮ٵ
ƮڵӽԹĵطһ϶һս
Ĺֻһ㣬ʤ
ȻʤĹɲ߶Ҫǩ״ȻͲԼˣȫʤۡ
ı̨Ա߶һΪ߾ĳϣһΪвƽ֣ͱ˵ԼǿиԤˡ
ϵΪȫΪܸߵģϣңҲ˽ģûκ˽ĵˡ
ߺ֣Ʒ彫ʤд״ϣ˷ֱǩԼ֣һ״ͳˡ
Ͽȵı̨ߺ֣Ʒվһ̨ϣԶŶԷ
ߺոտ֣Ʒݰ˲ȻޱȣÿһаԶľ룬ҷҲĪ⡣
ŶϿ򰡣һһŶ
ܾˣȫˣ
վţǶ˰ɣСȥɣ
Ҫǲ򣬾͸ӹȥɣӰӵȤ

ϣЩƮڵӳۿսÿһսǽ߾ȫ֮ս˵һЩ˵ϿȹۿսܸһЩ
ңЩвʵǿģҲʵģЩιսս顣
ߺлķһЩʵǿĸ֣ͱ磬һɫ·ݣҲһɫߣڵ֮
ϵĲǻأǸߺȴϸоһΣյϢʼնͬʵʵɱΧš
Ӧɱ˲ˣγɵɱ

ߺɣʵǿǴ򲻵ңܹûκôģ֣ƷЦ
ݺ˲ӰĪ⣬ϵĳڱ̨ĸ䡣
ߺӰ𸡹Ӱ֣Ʒ̹ÿһÿһըѡ
ģߺݺ˲һȱ㣬Ǿݺ˲ÿһʧͱһεͣ٣Ȼֻͣвһʱ䣬ǶԸߺİν˵㹻ˡ
ߺ𸡹ӰԶԶĶ㿪֣Ʒ壬΢ףַڽϣνơ
֮ת֣Ʒ´ελ塣
֣ƷڳڸߺУߺνնһǳɡ
ϣ
һ̨Ǿ޵һڱ̨һۣ滹˿˿
֣ƷͣǣŵĿԼؿڵǵɼǵĽֱۣվǡ
еľѾˣЩڿʼе


76 Ұ
۵
֣Ʒֱֱȥҵϣ֮ǰ˫ŵ㶵ĵա
˫ĵ˾ëȻ֣ƷĿ
ҲףΪͬΪߣԼܵôңֻһԼˡ
ٸһλᣬҲߺ˰ɣ
ڵ̨һûУһü߹̨֣Ʒʬʱͣǡ
̨ϵ˶ĿɿڴĿ̨ϣǼֱԼ۾֣ƷߺͬΪߣ֣Ʒ廹Īݺ˲
ⱾṦ˽׶֮ѡҲ٣ǻ֣Ʒ־ģ࣬˵ٵĿ
ŻΪټݺ˲֣Ʒ˵ŵУŵǰҪǰ
ŵУҲкܶǿߣǰʮ洫ŵܺõΣЩŵûѡ֮еκһɽ壬ԲܳΪ洫ӡ
ЩŵУҲвָӵĵӣʵﵽһĳ̶ȣûгΪ洫ӡ
ǻᱳŵӵĳƺţһֱͻƻؾ磬ȻٽоӢӵĿˣΪһӢӡ
ĵӱضƮ֮ҲʮĵӣϾΪ洫ӺȨŵӸ߳ܶࡣ
ҲᾡЩ洫ӣͱ˵ߺøʱ䣬ҩصľ磬ٶȾǸߺĪ
㿴СôʱϿȵһһɫ۵ˣ΢ЦŶԱߵһ˵
ǸǸߺʵǿļ֮һɫе˫صɫɱȫޡ
ǸԼһͬĥƵ𣺡츳ܸߣʵұ˺ܶ࣡ʵĹעɣۣ
˵㲻ȥǸӣתԶȥȥ
Ǹк۵ںЦһЦкȻһȣҡΣĿһۻվ̨ϵĸߺ
ʵǺܲ츳Ǻǿ̧ͷһգȰӦûˬɣһư
Ǹȥ
ףŵеĵ˳ۣ
ǽôˣ˵Ѿﻯھˣ˹ϵҲǷǳĽ
治֪һɱôص˾ȻһĶŵཻܺã
˵仰̲סں˵лߵ˸ո˵仰ԶԶĶ㿪
ᣡ
һε֪ʲôط˸ղǸ˵ϣǸ˵Ķ˲ֹͣˣһһ㡣
ڱ˺˵ɲŶҾͽɣʱܶһ紺һº͵ԶƮ
ǵѨˣ۵ĵѨ
ŵеǰǹеĹǧҪǵǣ
ǵʵ洫ҲǲСģ治ΪʲôҪŵӣ
ֵǸк۵ˣǴʱѾ˰࣬ôԶܹ׼ȷĴѨ۶Ŀ׼ȷѾһֺܸߵľˡ
˵߰ٶѨѨ˵ʮҪѨһٶǿԻֹͣѨ
Ǵ󲿷ֶ޹ʹѨ̶ֳܹȣʵǸеĸ֡

̨ԱߣߺȻܹһ֣ƷŵӣгҲһ£漴ָԭ״
˵˭˭ҪҪⳡûвƽĵط֣Ϳˣ
ҲԶۿȻ֮УȻʮ־ȣߺһƺǿˣ
ߺһһСɱƣ⡣
˲֪Ǹߺһ֣Ʒ̫Զˣ˸Ͳɱ֣Ʒ壬֣Ʒı֮¡
˵֣ƷǱߺġ
ߺǸ㽫ƮĶӰεˣǲĹİɣΪŵ֮ǰķ£Ͳˣ
˵仰ԼƮڷȥڼ迴һԼ谮Сͽܡ
ҪϢ͸¶תߺƸߺԼƮ壬Լֶһ츳ǿĵӣ
ߺתСţȥҪһ£ǾŵӵĿˣ
Ҫһ֮ɣȻȥŵӵĶԺ
ԼܺͷСţ¶סһɣϾŵֻһӣˡ
ʦ֣Բٸһλɣߺ˸ո𲽣һӰͰݵڸߺĽ¡
ңڼʶߺʵԺ󣬾Ѿ֪Լʲô껪е֪ߺȻ˴˽ĵһ֪ԼһԵ
˸ߺԼĵεΣǸΪԼίͷս˼ֵܣǸߺڻһͯ
Ȼߺߺ˼ֵֹԼߺûʲôϵԼ̫ɵġ
ԣԥ׷˸ߺԸߺǸԶ׷ߺ
ߺûһֻۣǵĵ㣡
⡭һ۹ɨ˷СţһۣԸΪӴԺֻЧһˣ
Ҳףߺε˾ԵˣԼٻȡߺΣֻ¶ԷΪߺˡ
ЩȫںֻҪߺлʶ۷壬ʲôҲں
ߺ۹ȥãҾٸһλᣡ


77 ˿ʼ
ǰŸߺˣŵӵĿ˴ȥ
ҹܸߺҲǽүߺΪ͵ʱ򾭹˼ǡ
ߺƮڻ̫ϤڣԼʡ˲¡
ҷСţ¶ҲҪչǣϾԼһֱƮڴţҪǳȥʱҲǴŷСţ¶˰ɣ
ԸߺٸһλᣬʱԼŵʱҴΪչˣϾʵҲߣڷСţǿˡ
ǿ˵ӣ˽죬Ҫٵһ¡
˴վֵӣΪȫڻأȫվڴ֮ǰߺ
Ѿǵʮ˰ɣµ˻治ٰ
һȺѣܿȥͲˣǿǸЩ鸡ǸոͻƲã
ķﻹеˣ˷ʱ䣡
Ǻǣǣ⿼˹Ļһ壡
˻ո˵꣬˷ֱĻ࿴ŶԷ
˾洫ӣÿ¸ɽ嶼洫µŵӽɽ塣
Ҫ֪ЩԼʵΪŵӵĶţÿ嶼Ҫĵӡ
ھ뿼˴ɴҾͲǰˣֻ۵ӣûʸ뿼˴
ҶûʸȥСţ¶ȻҲûʸȥˡ
ߵǰߺ˵ŵӿ˵ģ
˸һ¸ߺԸߺЩӡ
أ㻹ûгΪŵʵǵ͵ʲô̶Ȱ
ˣ㻹

ȥ˰ɣϣ˳أһƳһ۸ߺĵ
ߺûϣΪ˽ȥ
˴ʮֿԸ˺ϱֵɫʯʯϵƣ侳ڴϣһ
ǰһɫĻڣľӣһ֣ڻһɫʯͷɵơ
иɣɣɫʢųâӦʮֵļӲ
ߺ£ϵӦöŵӵ֡
ڻǰվһϣΪڻأڸߺǺܵˡ
ʮһͷڷѾʧȥյĹʡ
κһУֻҪһһ䣬ΪȴܵͣͻԶΪϣ֮βְͬλ
Ȼʲôǵÿ˵Ϊͱ˵ֻһһߣͲȥȫǻ澳߿ˣ
ĸţŵӶҪ˵ģǽ澳ľͿԳΪŵˡ
ȻҲԵȵأȻȫΪŵӣŵֻǱѡģЩŵӾֻһˡ
ҲвеģǱģǾͽˣôͻŵӡ
洫ӾͲͬˣȫµĵӵȨҪΪ洫ӣΪﵽؾ磬ҲӦʵ츳Ҳ̫
ȻĻΪ洫ӣǾǳ롣
˸ߺ֮⣬ʮпˣŮȫÿһ䶼ڶʮưĿűˡ
Ҳѹ֣ܹԶʮͻƻ澳磬츳Ҳȷ򵥡
ߺ֮˵Ŀȫۼڸߺϡ
Ϊߺ֮⣬ÿһμӿ˵ĵӣ󲿷ǻһߣǻߡڲ˵ˣ٣
п˵𣿡ʵ
ţߺĵ˵ͷ
дϣȻȥһԵŰɣϵݹһֽһ֧ʡ
ߺԼ뱳дȥȻݸϣվһԱû˵ʲô
ʲôʮ꣡Ȼֻʮ꣡ϾȵһȫԷһöˡ
Ŀһ۸ߺܸߺʵΣܹʮﵽؾģǾˡ
Լоޱȵӹ֮Ĵ
ٽʱſʼģ֮ǰǱʱ䣬˱ôֻеһˡ
󣬿ʼ˵ʱҲһˣһصΪʱȫ΢ЦĿͽ
һȽ˧ףΪҲʵޱȣһ鸡ļûС
˿ʼˣϽ˴һƽ׵СӶɫģ˸оͬһ㡣
ǰʮľɵľ׮˵ǷľƳɵġ
ľɽеĲľͷʮּӲѰ˷ֺƮҲɽнţԱ㽫ʵؼӲķľΪ֮һ
һ˵ĵ߱ЩľˣھЩľʮ״ƾշ֮ϸ
ԸոսΪ澳˵ʮѶȣǲɵ
ϸոϣһӵߵ˾ľ׮ʮ״Цôүȿͷɣ
һȫȭͷ۶ȥȭͷԼаɫĹâҫ
飡Ǹӵͺһһ͸ȭƾնľ׮Ϯȥ


78 һָ
䣡
͸ȭʮ֮ķľȥЩ߶ŵĿȭֻиߺ˳̾һ
ȭȻǿޱȣͻܵȭɢۣͽ仪ѣߺ̲ס̾Ϣиȭһ䡣
˳ѾǻصߣȻҲܸܵõȭ㣬ҲǸӣ
ﬣ
Ȼõȭľϣֻľ͸һ㣬ʧڿˡ
Ʊb˳࿼Ϻ
Ǹлɫ˲ڣϣٸһξͻɣٸһλһܳɹģ
࿼תһһٵѾɥʧʸˣϳȥ
ǻ˵ʲôǾʱһ
Ȱ㻹ǹԹԵ߰ɣȻĻ׳ϵƢɾҪˣ
ε˵磬ôпⰡϿȥСı֣ƷС׷ϰ
ʱ򣬴߽ǸǸոһ洫ӣǰǸߺͲ֪ˡ
ǺǣҲʱ򣬸ոջŵķҹһˣѰҡһתȺѲһȦͣڸߺǰ
ǸߺʦܰɣȥʵѾȫÿˣֻҪӦΪƮӣ
ߺ˲ˣԭƮŵģΪľԼԼΪƮĵӣ
ôУû˿Բп˾ͿԳΪŵӵģأʱ򿼺˳ϵɫȫȻˣȻЩԾڸߺȻƮĵߺǹؾǹء
һ㶣Ц˸ˣݷϢղ˵СѾĨɱˣ
󲻹˳ϵĳԾŸߺĨɱľǰλߺ

Ϣ˶һ֣ƷƮž˽֪˵ֻҪͻƻأͽ֮Ϊ洫ӡ
֣ƷΪ洫ӵϢѾˣֻΪûлԻٳûнΪ洫ӡ
û뵽ڵ죬֣ƷȴĨɱˣ
ȵȣոλʦ˵ʲôߺ
԰ҲˣƺţѲѾӵгƺˣ
ҲܳԾһǳԾߺȻ֣ܽƷĨɱǿʹԼҲ˵׼ӮԷ
ǳԾڸߺĳƺˣ˲֪ոտǿǿˣߺʮܹ꣬ﻯؾѾеˡ
û뵽ǣߺȻڽгƺţҪڽϴƺţʵǻأȻĻпܱһЩĨɱ衣
˵ʵ͵ģʹǱ˸ƺţҲҹ
˳Ͻѹ£ԾıҲĵΣ⣬ΪŵӶпˣˣҲô˵ҵĹ
Ц㻹ôִû취˸ߺҲܰˣ
ߺνʼ磬û£ôɣ
ֻߺûг֣дҵĽŲһǰǸ˸ߺʶ
껪ôˣߺֵ
껪һЦʦܣ͵ģƮ念ֵĸ磬ء
Ǹпص뿵ЩƣֻһӦʹõġ
ãҽпأллһ·չҵĵܵܣʮòԼĵܵ˵ߺ˴˽һʵڻ˼껪֮ϡ
껪ǰ嶼ûлãԼ껪ʵ൱磬ʵΪظߺʮ顣
껪˽Ŀ˵ˣ֮ĿĲͬ˼ǲࡣ
˿Ա˳ϵı֪¸Ͳɹ
׳ǿŵӵʱҲǿ˹һһϹŰ壬ʹǷӣҪ˵Լˡ
ļ洫ĿŸߺκǴʲôţһܹԽսš
ߺعͷңңŷľֻһָתָ֮ϣָɢ޾ĺ˲½˺üȡ
ҿҪ㣬ҲǲʲôţҲǲʲôֻһĻᣬɹĻͻᱻ̭ߺֻһָֻ̲סѵ
ߺ΢΢˵ͷеͺһ
ƣ
һָƾնδӽľָϵĺͽľסľ֮Ͻһ㱡ĺ
أ
ָ򵽷ľϣոմǷľϾͳһָȻָӷľΪ˲ʹ͸ˡ
ˣǽڶһһָָ


79 Ṧ
˻
˵һߺȻһָͽľˣһǽڻһ˵һ
껪ʮ򶨣ߺĳɼ֮С
Ϊһǿߣɼòô˵Լ̫ˣҪ֪ǿŵ
缸ҲʮֵľȣȻ֪ߺǿֻ˵ûۼεüòǼȡ
ߺأ׳

ߺ֮󣬰׳ϼʣļ˳ٳûж㿪ʼ֣
һ쳤
ŵһʮ꣬㣬鸡ȣӦǳڷҩ¡
쳤ľ׮ǰʮͣסתƣһĳƾкХ
ǣľ׮ûǵƾʧڿС
쳤ȥһ׳ϲκθɫʵ
Ǹ꣬ͷɥ߳´뿼˾ͱ֮ˣѾеȵصĴˡ
˶ߺһʱԵﻯصľ硣
һӰӶӣһأʮֵʵ

û˧ȻȲϸߺ뽣ˣҲһС˧ˣ
ľ׮ʮ״ͣǣһһȭ
һȭѸײڶ֮ƣѸݵľ׮ȥ
䣡
ľ׮Ӧۣββ룬Ȯ
׳ϵ˵ͷͨһգ
ܹۿ洫ӣȫ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ǸŮӣߵ׳ǰһĵϣҿñ𣿡
ԣǿ뾡κΰ취ֻҪҶԣ׳ĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ʲôñҿߵȻҪˣ
ǰκΰ취˵Ҳ似ˣ̫ˣ
ǰ治ֵܹʹ似ͱĻǡ
ྲǿԣΪڲг˭ڸ͸ҹȥھȡǱʸ񣡡
ʱԱ߶źЩ洫ӶֻĿǡ
Ƕ԰׳̫Ϥˣ׳ϴ¿˹Ѿʮˣһֱô˽ҲΪ˽ĬԼΪ
Ϊ˵ĴڣƮ˺̬ܶס
ӵһϣǰʹûйϵֻҪʵһԳΪŵӡ
׳ϿЩΨΨŵŵı飬С˵һ䣺ʹ似ǰ˳ɹļҲٷ֮ʮԻʵҪҪЩ
Ҳǰ׳ϵһص֮һֻţҲԶΪŵ롣
հγӿһ߳Ľӳϱֱֱľ׮
ͣ
ľ׮̴ǺǿֻǸոսľ׮̴ʧڿС
׳ں濴һ£΢΢˵ͷպϸһ
ʮУܶʤ٣һ־̭һ룬ֻʣ˰ˡ
صȻϾѾﻯˣǵǿ˵ȫصġ
˭Ҳɵߺһ㣬ֻһָȥˣΪûָġ
һ˽׸߼̶ָȲһ׹Ͼָʵ̫ѵˡΪָԻָ˺٣һָ˾˺ܶˡ
ǸߺͬһָֻǽԼͲָܳ
ָߺûǿûйƮڵĲһûָߺеǮֲֻʱݡ
ˣ׳ϴȥһط⼸洫Ҳоûʲô˼ڿ˴Ⱥ򿼺˹ŵӡ
ϾǵҪĿǸߺĲǶôҪ
׳ϴ˳Сݣȥ֮󣬾Ȼ棬һڸߺ˵ǰ
չǰʮ׸ʮ׵ʯ̨ʯ̨ǽһˮ֮ϵģʯ̨һٰʮס
վڰԣŰ׳ϵ
׳һչεضͬһֻһ߸߷ȻƮƮվһʯ̨֮ϡ
ۣ
⼸ӴĿŰ׳ϣ֪׳Ϻǿû뵽ǿ˵زʮ׾ô򵥵ȥˣûһ˿ͣͣͬԷˮһ򵥡
׳ɤӣ˿ˣˣһأṦҪ׶ΣһվλԾʯ̨ϣڶʯ̨Ծʯ̨ǾͿԽһˣ
һˣ࣡
Ӱ߳һͨӣݲȵߵʯ̨£ʯ̨
ߺŲӯһ·߹ȥһ㣬ṦӦò
ȻߺϣһԾͬƾعһ磬ʯ̨ȥӯӯʯ̨ϣ


80 ɹ
ţ׳ĵ˵ͷֹǲģֻṦԣṦԿ԰ˡ
ˣϰףҪп˰ʱһˬɽ±һ䲻ʮĴ󺺣ĺ滹żˣΪ
Σ׳ûЩ洫ӵˣѾ΢ϳ˿˿ЦݣڳʱûЦˣЦֱȿ޻Ҫѿء
ԭ쾡ǰôڲŻˣ׳΢Ц
Ǽ˲һͷɵ˼˵ǰӯӯһߵʯ̨ԵԶԶ
쾡һЦ;һСѣ뽭Сз˵ͻȻɱˣ
̨£˽
з簡ڽпǺպģΪڻصľ磬ʵǿޱȣҪṦޱ˵ã˵ص߰ΧȻˡṦ۷߶磬һֱ׷ɱÿͻ׷ɱÿ׷ɱʱͲӰˣԴ˷׷ɱˡ
ʲô쾡Ʈǰٵʦ֣ôз綼ڲƽأ˵ΪѾﵽ˻ڣǿޱȣƮţܾˣ
ϻ쾡ʦڽкʯֵĳƺţһȥʯͷɷĩʵǿޱȣŵʮ
ŵȣܹǲģܹݵʦȻɾް

׳ϾȵСӰʵ˲٣ٱ㿼ŵӵʱǿˣ
ȻΪףɹ׼ȥɽ³һ٣ôϰ쾡һЦŰ׳Ƶ񣺡ϴȾң㻹Ҳ
Сӣ˭˵ϷСޣţæǾȥ׳ŭһ쾡е
쾡εĿ˿⼸ˣ̾Ϣ⼸ղ֪ܳɹһ᲻ᱻȥϧʧȥߵĺ־ٰ֮ͬ
׳ҲεĿ˿̨²μӿ˵⼸ˣ̾Ϣ˵أ˭ôʵͻԽǵȻˣ
˺ˣͷ㻹ǸϿв԰ɣҪȻһˣ쾡ߴٵ
ߺ̾ŵŵӺ洫֮Ĺϵ̫ð
࣬׳
һٰʮ׵ľ˵ֱͲ⣬廯һ磬ȥɵĵ˶档
ţӻṦСһˣ쾡˵ͷṦ⡣
쾡Ŀ佱΢΢˵ͷûκεı顣
쾡ı֪Ǵ֮еһˣΪ˸еϧ
һĻ׳ҲˣȻҲЩϧǲûоʹ˴ѹԷãϸ񣡡
̨£̾ϢôأѰ
԰û뵽ȻṦĲԣֻһ˽׵ͼɡֻڶֻ֮вһʮʣµĶʮôأ
ܱҺãǸûṦֻ֮аײĲˣ

һգ
յṦʮأһʩչͬһֻĺͬһƬҶŷ̨Ϸȥ
Ȼûٷʲôʯ̨ƮȥͬһƬķҶ
ߺֹһ˻ѡ񰡣ΪṦͲʺսҷоҲԶֻʩչÿһЩ
յһʱʼ׹ȥȻ׹ٶȲǺܿ죬Ҫٶȣܵ档
׳̾һǲ˵㰡ʵõṦҪ̭ˣ
ߺΪŮذɣû뵽յڰͬ紵һ㣬ļƮȥҸ߶ҲһЩ
˾һƬʯ쾡ҲԴ壺繦ǺķԹû뵽ȻѡⱾޱȣ
׳ĵ˵ͷûĻο϶ܹˣ
׳ϣ˳ĹˣȻõʱҲЩû˹涨Ҫ೤ʱ䣡

ˣǸոˣʹɵ˹ھʯ̨һٰʮ׳ֱֱ׹ȥ
ͨ
ˮ
ǸңһߣûκһṦڰʮ״ͽ䵽ϡ
εߺɫͨվһߣ۽ǲϵŸߺˣϣҲһҲÿһЩ

٣
ͬһֱֱ֧ʯ̨ϣǿĲŵʯ̨ıԵֻŸ¶ڿ֮С
ڣṦعȥѾˣʣûԸԳɹĹȥˡ
˵ȫۼڸߺϣҪȫΪߵ߻ʲô̬ء
쾡Цû뵽ο˻һߣֻʮӣ֪Żѡɽأ

ûݴҶ룬ߺһģӰӣ˲ʧԭأһڱ̨֮ϣߺʹõǸӰ
ĿɿڴĿŸߺ𾪵Ļֹһ㡣
ϵ̨󣬸ߺͲں̨˫ʹµʯ̨˲ѣһɿγɳȥߺҲܵʯ̨ȥ


81 һ
¡
ߺһߵı̨ϣǿʹ̨涼ѣ˫Ųʯͷ֮С
̨𶯣վļ˶ʼվˣҿʯ̨ϵļṦȫԾȥ
ֱֹ̨֮ͣЩ˲
ʯ쾡֣صĿŸߺԱߵһ˵˫ޣû뵽ﵽôǿĳ̶ȣ
ǰʦ֣ĲӦһ۷״̬ϸĸһ¸ߺ˵
ССͲΪﵽأҲ˻Ϊôã׳ϵ˾κˣûмʹκ˵ȻЩ΢΢ߺ츳ˡ
뵱꣬츳Ҳǲʮ͵˻һؾ磬ʱԼǱþһ㣬ãڹ˼ʮˣҲŲصΪ
һʦֵǣҲųϣΪ͵ҲڻأԼ͵Ĵˡ
׳ֱĿŸߺȻ˵ˡ
ǣ
ߺ˫Ŵʯ̨֮³˶ϵʯмĿŰ׳ϣֲֻ˵
ϰףϿʱ쾡ڰ׳ϵԱѵ
ŶŶŶ׳ϷӦ˹æ˵ߺأһҪ׼˿ɲôùģ
ȫŰٳһȥǼŵҲںĸš
֣Сӵ츳Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣκһΪŵӣôԺЩŵӵľѹˣ
ŵӷΪ֣һ֮µŵӣΪֽŵӣڶ־ûаκηŵӣΪŵӡ
ŵӵŵŵ֮Ľǰ󲿷ֶŵӣϾЩŵΪΪ洫ӡ
Щʵǿŵӣлؾߣܹ洫ǰ࿹Ĵڡ
ǰǰЩǲϵܵЩ洫ӵĴѹ裬ǰ꣬ŵ߳ǿĵӣԲЩ洫ӵĴѹˣҪߺɳ˵е㵣ġ
쾡ǺһЦκһأ˰ɣ
ǼȫӵĿ쾡Ե˰ɣߺ츳ôǿ϶ᾡ޸ߺģῪһЩź룬ʹһ붼Ķ
쾡Ҳ֪Լ˵е㲻ʵʣεЦЦ
ߺ츳ȷ̫ǿˣ⿴ԷṦĻֱСӻһأԼȲϵģڵԼҲΪʵȶԷԸ߰ɣ
쾡뵽
֣˵ߺṦпʦΣʱһŵʵ
쾡ЦһߺԶأʦֵṦѾﵽ˳뻯ĵز˵һʩչܻû磬ͿںδԱ֮
ǰʦǳ뻯ṦѾ뵽ǰʮˣǰľʦĪʵǿ̫ˣҲԱƵ

ڼ˵̸һһ֮Ужʮÿһƽ
󲿷ÿһ֮жһֻޣһЩ֮ǿյģЩյ涼һţһȫֽƳɵķңǿ֪Ӳޱȡ
ÿһֻ޶ͬ飬Сܣߴ˯߲ͣб߶Щ˫۳ĿŽļˡ
ߺ¸һ£Щ޴󲿷ֶһ׳ڵʵһǳޱײ֮ͬ׵˵ҲС˺ܶࡣ
׳ϿһʣµˣĬĬĵ˵ͷһοˣֻҪЩ޵Ĺ֮¼һʱ䣡ǹأ
˶ˣ˵һᰴǵʵзޣ
סˣǸصĵ˵ѵһ𣿡
׳ϱӵĿһصĵӣΪ˻ôһе˶Եȵ߽սǰٷ֮ٳɹų뱰СҲΪƮڵŵӣ
ĵͷȥ˵ʲôˣ
һλ׳ϸոʲôȻһսΧ¶ȺȻʮȡ
˶̲סʯ쾡΢΢о⡣
˵۹ⶼԴͷߺ
ǼŵӻҪ˵һ㣬Ͼǻصľ磬תϵĺʧˣ
ʣղŵ˼˵𣿡ߺɭޱȣĺ䡣
׳ЩľߺʵЩԼղ˵Ļղ˵Ǿ仰ֻǿ͹۵˵ûаѸߺڡ
ǾߺôһѣŸоԼ˵仰Ĳף𾪵ľǸߺʵˡ
ǺȻ˵ĺ䣬ȻԼսĺ
ߺѾʱ׼ˣųеʹĽʡ
뵱ûбʱ򣬾Ҷ˵ųھȻ˸˵ǲԭµģ
ģ˫ͫŽɫâĻߺҪҾˣͬʱҲΣˣŹ򿼺˳ϿﰡҪŵģ


82 ޡ
ðɣԲˣСѣҸղ˵ȷӿǣڸߺҪҾʱ򣬰׳ϾȻǸˡ


Աߵļ˶𾪵˵ˣΪ˳ϣλȻޱȵ磬û뵽ȻǸⲻòü𾪡
ߺеĻƽ֮ɫʧȡ֮һƬ֮ɫҲףһ㳤϶ʮҪӵģλ׳ѵԼǿʵ֮²ˣ
ߺYY뵽̽ͷѹ¡
ȻԼչֳǿᣬǻöԷ־嵽ȴĵزҶԷҲûԼô֪Լжǿأ
˳Ծı飬Ǽȴ֮ƵģԾı鶼ûУȫ΢ЦſųԾļˡ
쾡̲סˣȻô󣬾ɣ
ʵϰȵģǿǹܽϰףҲ
԰ʵһжΪźãֻͷ̫ŰˣԲ˾ʮֲ飬ʵͷĻõģһŵӴЦָŰ׳˵
Уǻ࣡׳תһȥ
׳ĶԸߺ˵˰ʵȫôں˵۹⣬Ҫôں۹Ļʹûôţ̫ںȥʹ
ǲõŶߵҪǲϵǰһζĻȥջͣͲǰ
ߺͷͬĺһ㣬Щ飬ԼһȻΪͻͽʼںԼĹȥ޷ӹȥӰ߳
գ׳ϵһ仰飬ûһζڹȥӰв߳ĻôԼһٶȳΪǸһµꡣ
뵽⣬ߺĺȻ˺ܶ࣬Щºһ㡣
ҲͬһˮһƽƽˬϢֺ䵽ϢϢˡ
ߺҲ뽣ƶ˿˿ǽƣȻɡ
ڵĸߺѾȫ˹ȥİ߳ЩĽסӰ
ǺǣߺϿʼˬЦݣллˣ׳ϣŶϰףûɣ
׳ϸܵƣȵĵ˵ͷ⣬⵱ȻԣѧƺѾ־˰ɣ
ߺ΢΢ҡҡͷϵˬ΢Цʼչϣʳָǰ꣡ɽۻᣬӦòһɣ
쾡׳ϵһۣЦ쾡Ȼˣ㲻ŵӵݣ洫ӵ۵Ļ
ߺ΢΢ҡҡͷ΢Цһһ
ӴЦԸղŸߺʵʹǱǲҲ٣Ҹߺ仹С޳ɳĿԡ
ߣҲΪ洫ӣʹ츳˵ΣȻЩݱ΢ϲŭ޳ŵһͬǸŵӶʱһԵ಻мĿŸߺ
⼸Ҳߺʵ츳л͸¶һ˿
㣡쾡뷢Ǳߺˣð׳˵ЩȷԼͿˣαں˵Ŀ˵
ϰףԽвˣߺ΢ЦŶ԰׳ϵ
׳ϿߺΪԼĻˣԼҲο˸߲ҵһ࣡ڶʮ
࣬ǳ֮⣬һŮߡ
úͨȴɢһº͵Ϣ˾ãһ使̲סǻ
ߵ׳ָǸ濴ȥ
һֻһֻɫޣֻͷʮ־޴β;Ȼ׳
β;нһףһڽڵģɢŽĹâһڣ¶Ȯݣɢźâ
ͷ­СԼֻȭͷôڲԴϣںڵС۾ֱתͷë׵С䣬ϵĶţϣϳһֱĺɫǣֵĳȡ
һޣ󣿡ʱߺﾪȵڲķʱпġ
ʵǿսʮֹ죬ڽ׼Уȳǿϲ١
βͣצݶʮֵļӲԽʯɷĩ
ЩҪģҪͷϵֻ쳤ǣӲȷǷ˵ԺĴ̴ʮֺ塣
һ֧ţ¼ӲȣԽ
ǽƽĸϵĶɵģӲѰʮࡣ
ոͻƻһصߣ޷֮ԿȻߺ˵ˣԸߺʵޣֻҪһƣͿɽɱ
ָոͻƵ澳ģͲ˵ˣӦӦûѰɡ


83 ޡɷţ
֨ѽѽ
ĴһţǽһŴˣԥſٶ֮զࡣ
󣡻ȥ׳ϱһһ䣬һ䷢ɾε屻ε˼Ȼצݺݵץʯϡ
̡
һ׵ޱȡ
ֻֻ۾˲ɺɫɢ˵Ĺâ
ϣܻܲһʵģʱĵ
׳꺮Ƶһ㶼䣺Ի
Ǹ˫ɢâ˵л׳ϵĻ׳ϼ˵¸ԺɣҾ͸㻻
ί˽ȥһﻹһţɶͷӣС˵Ȧоǲ
Ϊӵİȫ׳ϸŽȥˣֻֻһվţԶԶĹ
ǽ֪˰׳ϵͲתض࣬кֱ
ॣ
ཫУֻ̫־壬ֲϵĲϵĽϵĲ
Ҫô޴󣬵Ȼܱˡ
㣬Ҹ㣬ҿɲŶſǻ˵ҿģ㿴еĽῳŶ
֨
ϧǸ˵Ļʹٶޱȣͬһɫ㡣
Ƿצӻƿγɴ̶ĺХǽצֱָĺҲſ죬ź⣬ҧķͷ­
Լ˹ŵæӣҪǽ֫צȻıץۡ

ѪӿѪζӴ̼ŽøӿеĺҲʢҪûƵġ
౻ŵɫɵվǲ֪룬Լںδֻž֡
񣬻ʲô£͵һֱͨ򣡡׳Ͽģ֪ܲȻɵˣԲò
׳ϵһ̺ҲʮֵĴֻһͽྪˡ
Сϵ̨͵ͳԣ²ߴﹾһ߳ţǱʮֵ࣬ڱʥһ㡣

е˶Ŀ࣬׳϶֪˵ʲôˡ
˵Ҳ֣һͯҥУϢȻôңƽ
ߺȻԭͯҥôأЩĵķðһˣһǾͿԴС޵Ŀ׳ˡ
ϵҪ֪ߺڵ뷨ǵһƬʵ߾ıߺȻѧͯҥ
ᡭ
ȥֻιʤһΣٶҲӿˡ
ৡ
һӭŽĺȥĽдżᶨ
⽫ȫˣХֱĺ󲻶û϶ᱻһɱġ
ۿ뽣ԽҲϲɫԼʤˡ
ֽʱһӿ뵽ͷϵ֧֮ڡ
֧˲ɺɫɫģϵâɢʸС
΢΢ͷɢâɫǱĳӭȥ
ϣ
ཻγһСһҳ
ȲϽ󣬳弱ٺˣܽĳǡ
ƿĳĳȥƲģȥȥƵʯܿҪ׷ˡ
ڳҪ̽ʱһֳֻ˳֮ϣȻһѾͽͷĳסһӣˤһԡ
ֵֻ˾ǰ׳ϣƷԺ󣬰׳Ŀࣺʧˣȥɣ
ʧ߳վһԹۿ˵Ŀˡ
ڶǰĶǽ
ʵֹһսһʼȫѹŽ򣬾Ըһжɻ⣬ڼֵһʱ䣬ɹء
ǸصĵӣĶǱȽҪǿޡˮ
ˮҲʵǿˣɫƬͬһƬƬƬ׳ʮִϸ
ˮصĵֻ赲ס˶ԷһιͱĲסˣ粻ǰ׳ϼʹʩȣǱˮˣǱˡ
ʹǽҲ˿ڣЩ˿Ǳ۸˵ġ
գԵͫԳ
ͫԳһʮޣˣޱȣӲ̶ȿǿߡ
ṦеֱӱˣսֻǱṦ׷ͫԳ
ڶս˲һӣֱˡ
ĶȻͫԳղͬٶȫû⣬廯һ磬ͫԳ¡
ͫԳȣɾͲ̫ԶˣֻȭѪ磬䡣
ֻʣ¸ߺԼˣ׳ĶԸߺ˵ȷȵ𣿡
ߺֵĿŰ׳ϡ
׳̾һ涨߿ˣҪµĹս
˵׳϶¶δй֣صɫޡɷţ


84 ߺˣ
˻
׳˵Ǽ֣˶һǿްȫͬ
ޣܹ֮ʮǿģһɳ߽ףͻӵ˵ǻۡ
ǲǶԷĶ֣жϳսȥԼûթࡣ
޵ĸȫͬˣǵֻһǿΪ
ͽ׵޶Ը߽׵η壬֮⣬ΪٸߵˣҲƴս
û˼룬ǵԺкֻɱױȵײУǺ񶼲֪ƣΪһֻɱ¾뽻֮С
ֻʣһͷ­ֻҪҧµһƬѪ⣬ײ
ߺʣҲĬްȷѶԸĴڣ
ǰɷţһ׳ڵȼĴڣҲ൱ڻߣټڵɹļʼΪ㣡׳ĵ
ʱߺĬˣԼȻǿûԹޣ֪ж£ֻ鼮пйؼء
ԣߺЩĵġ
˵ֻвױޣֻΪ̫ǿˣŻǿϣ֮ϵ
޵ľۼ֮أҪһֻѡ
Ͼ̫ǿбЩô򶼻ᱻݻٵĲӡ
ЩУֻϲɫ֮ǰոճЦߺոʧˡ
Լɨأ澡ʧ
û뵽ߺĿ˶ȻޣϢϲüҡ
ĻߺһҲܹأһǲսܣԼֿˣϾԼսأ
ߺսǾ͸ˣÿ޵£Լεߺдж
ԴӸߺһбԣߺߺ壬Ϳߺˬˡ
ƾʲôǻñĳƺ𣿲ΪߵԼΪһȸߺǿʮֹ
ԴʱͼǺϸߺˣղߺԣߺļ
ߺ츳ʹڽнҲкܶģαؼһʱ׳Ҳ̲סѵ
ͷޣԼûӮԱߺˣԼȥĻǲбԸ񣬾Բһ㿼ƣǻս
쾡ҲסȰߺϣ֪Ѷˡ

ãߺ¶ˣȻˣҪӡ
ˬʵЦʧˣޱȵ֣أϰףʦ֣֪ΪҺãǣβǿöҵıģսıģ
ðɣԼСİɣ׳ϴӸߺп˼ģ֪ԼԸı䲻˸ߺˣֻͬ⡣
ߺ쵽һȴûκζĴڣǼյ֮һ
ĺһңһţ档
ҵϽ˩ÿһֱ۴ϸÿһ֮϶һѾ޴
׳ϽһԿ׽ߺԿףҪСˣÿ¿˵ǰ죬ʵǿιʳڵӦʵǿĽ׶Σ
ߺ֣صĵ˵ͷŴ򿪽ȥ
ִϣߺоƲͬ㿴ȥͬǣֻҪִ֪ƲӦñȹѺ޵Ӳʮ
¡¡
Ϊ˷ֹ޻ܳߺȥ֮󣬰׳һֱ۴ֵĽ˩
꣡
ߺҵ⿪֮ȫȥ濴ȥ
Ŀռܴ󣬴ԼнƽĿռ䣬һȳζӣζǺ˱ӣøߺ΢΢Щܲˡ
ߺһۿһɫģӰͬһһ㣬ߺǺӰһɺɫ硣
ǺӰ֮죬ߺͶˡߺֻþۼȫת˫ϡ
㺮ڸߺֱɣߵĺȣߺֱ۽ı
䣡
ǵӰӺݺݵײڸߺĺϣһǿĳ漤ȥγһƬա
ǡ
ߺֱϵĺʼѣǱѷ֮У˿˿Ѫ

ֱϵıһأǸӰڸߺһɱȥ
ߺ˲һ󶴣屻͸ˡ
ˣߺˣ׳ૣʹĵҵĴǿֹĻ
˵⣬׳ֲ԰˼֣һ˲ţҵˣôأ
ҲɫΪһŵʧеֵ
ղǿֻǳһɲǣߺ㱻͸֮ȻѾǿ˵ز
Ǹ˲ѣʱһĬ飬૵ôأߺôһôأ
֪ǿЦڿתٴߡ
˶Ŀ࣬׸ߺˣΪôˡ
ôôЦأ


85 
û뵽ҵǵôķӦڸʲôڿ˶ΪߺʱһȥǸ֡
ʲôǸߺѵû𣿡׳ֱ૵
ǰ׳ϣе˶ŸߺӰ
ֻǸ޴͸壬Ȼ͸ֱڿʧ
ӰǻӰߺû޴͸ĻӰ쾡󾪴ˣ߾ֻڷпϿ
Աߵŵ쾡˵ĻҲֵĿŸߺȻڵṦʦֻЩ࣬Ҳ԰ˣ
쾡ʶĵ˵ͷṦǲأǿһ㣬ҾͲĶˣڣҴƽְɣ
һصĽŲдԶ߳Ǹҡ
һϮۣ峤߸ӻô˧ȫ޾ĺε¶ȶ½˺Щȡ
ոոߺĺһ˲䣬ߺ֮һӰΡһ˲޵֮ԾȥԭֻһӰѡ
ȻߺûоʩչӰУֻһӰ
ԸߺʵȫʩչӰΣߵӰ
ڵĸߺʩչӰΣӰ˵˺ܶ࣬ӰһʩչÿһӰϢ뱾弫Ϊƣϸܣ޷ֳ١
ڸߺγɵӰֻҪϸĸһ»ӰĲͻ֪Ϳһ
ˣӰΣ߻ְٵӰߺʩչӰӰıֻһƤëѡ

˱΢ЦȻתŹԼӰӣʱߺֻ
һֻ״ʮţޣ岻βҲ׳вףʵ¡
Ǹ޵ȮļݣǷ̶˿ŵ
ͷҲֻţǣ֧ͷ­ϵֻһߵĳȣɢɫĺ⣬⿴ֻǾеľĸо
Ķͷϻһ֧СǵĴڣֻȫǺɫģɢڵĹâ
ǺڽǲһСָͷĴϸҲһ֣Сɿɰ
ǸߺȴͷϵǸСΣޱȣ
ϣûκװεĴڣÿһԼá
ɷţֻϣÿһֻӺ涼Ỵ̈ĺβͣÿһβͶִϸһ׳̣β͵ļŸǴ̵š
ȻβͣβϵĹǴ̹ǿ˲
ͷԴײƸߺӰ󣬾һֱҿһ֪ߺƵġ
ߺҲʮֵľȣ޵ĸӦȻе˵زԼ֮оȻԷˣ
Ҫ֪ߺղвûͷųԼƣͬһ̶ˮ㣬ʮֵƽ
ǼʹͷɷţȻܵԼϢǿ񱩵ֱֱԼעԼһһ
衭
ɷţϵǰŵأڶıǿֻɺ۾עŸߺϵź⡣
ԤʾͷɷţҪˣߺ޵Ĺ
Ͳ˿Ĵ⣬ոɵĺһ¾ͱײˣֱ۶˵ѿڡ
Ҫ֪ߺǵһ״ɣټϺıʹѰĻߣôɵƿ
ǣʹȴҲֵסͷ޵һײ
¡¡
ɷţͷ­΢΢£ֻź˫Ƕ׼ߺȻ󣬺͵ʹһһߺϮ
˫ǵټɷţʹռ䶼
ÿһȫһǵУû̽ʵһ˵
ɽ
ǿƵĹߺСӣʹʮɽ
һ𵴵ƾɸߺĳȥƺܽѣݺݵԼɷţ
䣡
һǿĳܼȥನƳɵĵذЩѺۡ
ߺɳɳȥӴ˼бĹǴ̲ʯϡ
ʯƳɵĵۣսӴͣס
ɷţոͣ£Ѹٵͷûϴε͵ôöͷϵǸǶ׼ߺһ񱩵м
Űͬһ磬ߺȥ;ʯϣǵ񱩵γһǳǳĹ֡
ߺһͦӵžͿһ񱩵Լٷ
ʱߺʹúɽȻˣضɽҡЩǰС׼ס
ɽֱۺܳʱ䣬ʱѾˡ
ƽʽ
ߺƷʣƽʽʹҷԴϵǵ񱩵ǰһ⵹ıǵ˲ȻʧڿС
ûеȸߺɫӰһǰһߺ˦ǿ졣
ɷţβ͡
ߺ룺ͷţٶҲ̫ˣսҲʮֵķḻÿζȳеģԼǱȥаԼҪһˡ
СɱƱܵĿѸˣɷţٶ˺ܶ࣬ߺץסᣬӰʩչߺһŤһӰ
ߺıںʮ״ȫӿ
ɽ
ߺһƴһɴ׳ĺڿУͬһСɽ㣬ݺݵɷţѹȥ
䣡
ɷţϣɷţ˲䱻ѹѹһߣɷţʵ̫ǿˣڲϵ
ɽĺϵ뵽ɷţУɷţеļⶳᣬʹɷţ彩סٶ
ɷţϣϵγɺγɣɽʧʱɷţѾһ񣬶ɷţѾߵĺΧסˡ


86 ܾ

ߺϵĴŴÿһκڸߺ³һǰĿᣬγһɫĳ
ղһȻڵʯ֮䣬ǣÿһǸߺȫʩչڸߺеѾһ룬ʮֵۡ
ƣͲϵĳˢŸߺ壬ʹ޷ԼΪһǿĺϵĴӸߺгϯķ
ҵ¶˲½ʮȣĺߺܵĿסˣγһƬʹøߺ˿֡
ߺսʱôĶݣ쾡ǶûзӦֱڻɵĿŨеøߺԼ۾
ҸոտʲôսನȻܽеĵذѺۣ
Ҫ֪Ʈڴڵİ䣬ÿһο˶еģҲûٵذһ˿ĺۼǸߺȴ쵽ˡ
ȲҪ˵ӵˣոͷ޵ĹѸ׼𣬾Ҳսһʱп֮ܽܣԼ˵³ǿߺ
쾡زסе𾪣ո޵ĹĶͷϾȻĺ顣
Լͷޣµ˵³βͣӦԣѾҲ˵
ǸߺȻʹ֮;ٶȣһʯĶüۻҡ
ããã׳ϻع̲ס̾̾ãеľ̾ϲã
첽ߵǰеȥСӣȻܽһͷ޻ܣǿ˿˵ˣ
ߺϢһҲָһǿ֧壬ݲȵ߳
ֻޣֻܵΪ߾߹֮ȥˣʹ˿Ҳ޷֮Ͻȥˡ
һǣͷѾһ񣬼ʹ뽫֮ŪȥҲֻƵˡ
ǣͷ޴ȻˣֻǱѣڵѾˣǽƵҲֻһʬˡ
һɫ磬צһ㣺ɶ񰡣ûͷȫˣţлһڣ

˴ο˳ɹֻˣգߺʱʮˣû뵽ɹĲ˼ˣ̭øߺզࡣ
ص˴ϣ׳Ͻŵӵķηߺˡ
ŵӵķɫģڵλߣϵһƲʰ㡣
·ˣ׳漴óƣֱַߺˡ
ǿɫģ֪ʲôƳɵģߺָ׻Ƶı棬ȴ޷һ˿ۼ
Ҫ֪ڸߺһ²˽ƣʹǻһ߶Ӳס
д翷弸֣̻ƣΩΩФ
ߺĵ̻Ƶ˾Ȼܽƻ˱棬Ǹʵǿ˰ԼԶأ
Ƶĺ֣дǧ壬ߺƳһ۰˵ƺ棬ֱǧǧ
׳ϸˣִǵڶŵӣǺ񲢲̫׼ȷΪвŵ
ңŻһãǶٺŶԺÿһԺ涼һдŴš
ֻҪҷӾˣЩŵȴûãǰΪʦôֻҪס֮ھͺˣЩӸûá
˵סЩˣٺ٣ǧŵҲֻֻһٶסģĶݽ塣
ߺ˸ոճôͱ洫Χס˷׷׽ܸԷĺôЩô
ǸߺƮƮ壬嶼ΧŸߺתͷļ˸ߺϤ
껪뿵ʢߺڣޱȡ
һĻ쾡˿׷ҡҡͷ̾ϢߺһţվԼͬ·
ϵĿе룬ߺ΢ЦλˣʼմûҪһ壡
껪仰ͬ㶵վǲ֪롣
ˣڳ˶סˣǼֱ޷ԼĶ䣬ߺȻܾ壡
쾡ҲûӦ˿壬ʹźԴʦָ㣬ʹʵͻͽ

ãǹ϶ĵɿǣ˵ʦá
ߺˬʵһЦ˵ö𣿡
šš
ߺЦݲ䣬˵ãңѵҲƮǾͻὫ÷ֿǻŰҵã
⡭ι˵ˣûʹƮΣΪĹŵ˭ָвŰأ
ϾǵùϵǸǲܵģ¼ʹǷû쵽˼ҿװ
һˬʵЦ쾡һ쳤ЦãֵܹȻˣǽˣ


87 
ȻˣҲް취ˣֻĬϡ
ǲûзʲôʱƮصؽ磬ʹǸߺƮ壬Ҳý
껪֪ߺҲû˵ʲô
ڿأȻߺжǿ껪û˵ʲôֻóĬ
ң껪һЦĲõͬջƵ껪뷨
ջסˣֻﲻסĸ̾ģ̫ˡ˼ҾܾЦһֳȥ
⣬ƮҲ⣬Ӧͺ޸ߺԻط֮Ըߺֻδᣬֱӱչȥˡ
ټƮʵ翷壬ö֮˷ڵӷ裬Ŀ˵ĸԡ
ߣʶ̧٣ȻҾܾǣ㸸ĸúýѵһ㣡Ʈһ洫ӣ˵꣬һȭߺ
ȭ飬ߺϮȥ
ߺɫ˲࣬ǵȭֻ̧ƣǵȭȥ
ﬣ
ǵȭߺƵһ˲䣬ͱ˲סߺһ󣬻ıмƮɢڿС
Էֻǽѵһ¸ߺûҪߺԲûгȫȻҲᱻߺô׾͵ˡ
ţе㾪ȣЦôֻǻصķ¸ҵǸȻҪÿ
˵ôûн֪𣿡ߺһ䡣
Ǹ˿ʼûзӦȷӦǵͨ죺Сӣҽ첻㣬ҾͲƮĵӣ
䡭
ߺҽһ㣬һӵ´洫ӵĽ£Ȼ󱬿
Сӣ͵Ϯңǹɺ洫Ҳûз˲䱯ˡ
彩סˣߺ޵ĿŸߺ޵Ĺâ
ǽˣЩͼĵǰɣԼʵ뽾
û뵽һжߺˣص棬ߺ˺ѵķ飬Ȼ޴档
ŭգڶԸߺĺѾһȥˣ޲ýߺʬΣͷ֮ޡ
ʱȴˣѾߺȫˣ붯Ҳˡ
ߺ׳ϼ˴Цȥŵסĵطȥ
ǰ翷֮£ȻǳΪƮĵӡ
һƮڵŮӶǰƮ֮£ƮҲųڷ磬Ůӣ߲ܡ

ߺ뷶Сţ֮󣬾͸쾡һŵӵڵȥ
žɽ֮һСɽ崦Ǳ塣
˵Сɽ壬ȣϾʵ̫ˣÿһǸƣֱ
νɽڸ飬ǱȻߣǵ¿ŵ°빦
Ǳ֮ϣͥԺϣÿһСݶͬʮֵƣһģӿ̳ġ
ǱĶ壬ôʮͥԺĲͬ
ͥԺȣͥԺֱǺլ
Ĵ󣬾ʽСͥԺᲢ۵ġ
ƽͥԺéݵȽģͥԺռҲһʮƽס
˵ʮȴͬЩɫĴʯģľƳɵģӲҲкܺõĸЧ֤ﶬů
ʹͥԺӵռҲƽԺӴٶƽ
쾡߸ߺǼͥԺŵǰʮĴڣֻǲʸסͥԺ
ŰˣߺڵֻסҰɽ
쾡ȴǰסĵطԭ֮ŵ֮໥֮ʮֵŽᡣ
ҲŵżǱססŵŵ֮ìʮֵĴ󣬼һĵز
ԣͬһɽ֮ϣִΪ˱ķԻ֡
Ǳϣŵӵڵأŵӵڵء
쾡ߺ쵽ԼסԱߣͥԺÿأǾʮͥԺ
Ըߺ˵סﶼνȻٶȣǶԸߺڷصء
ĺʹߺٶһǧĵҪϺܶࡣ
ټϣߺһֱţҪסҲֻΪһ֮أһǸСţס
ߺͥԺһļӣСţ¶Ѿӵתˣһ䡣
ʯҼȻԼΪˣߺȻܺ˱ˣʯҲһ䣬ߺķм䣬һˡ
жź֮󣬸ߺŰ׳쾡˳Ʈڣȥ
ϾѾ˵ˣ˴ξۻߺҲҪȥң쾡ضŵд˺ܳʱˡ
Щ⣬ߺбҪԷ̣
а׳ϣȻΪߣǶԷľȴǷǸߺܱȵģЩҪһ¶Է


88 
Ϊ˸ߺܳΪŵӣɱ
Ϊ˽ܾۻɱ
ΪϰҪȢϱ˸ɱ
쵰˭˵ӽҪȥϱˣϰ׷ŭĺ
ߺǿźȵĲֺļˣϵĿЦǶʼ˵˵ˣֻҸɱɡ

ߺ뼸˳ں󣬾Ͳ񱼣˾ƮһСһҾƵۻᡣ
ƱյѾȵˣ쾡Ҳ̫ˣõ룬õĿ̳Ӱ
һǳŸ˸ɱֱȾԴӿԺԼĿ׳ƴơ
û˸ȾƣԼ̳ӱͷﵹ
ҹߺȵĲ࣬ϾˣҲСΪΪˣԴҶŹ
ѵҲֻиߺѧˡ
ѧǰ׳ϵֺ֣ߺҲʮ־ȣһߵ־Ȼô
ѧĽ͸ߺףԭѧϰ֮ǰһ
ǰЩϿȻ񣬺ǳ͢ڲ˽ֶˡ
ѧһ֮£ʼŬϰ䣬ҪɱǼҹٱ
֮ǰϰ䣬֮רϰˡ
ʹŬǧٱκ츳ޣʱգҲֻһߣԼˣҲһ䣬Ҫ֪Ǹ߹ټңҲصıڡ
Ϊ˼ʹЩ궼ǿյġ
ʮԿ飬ҲˣڵİѧȻѧУҪǱ½ţ֪ʶҪ˵ȴǸߺĪġ
ߺϵѧϵ⣬ѧҲֵˣԼĶãȻҲˡ
ѧָ㣬ߺоԼѧһֱŵȻʣҲ˸ʶ
Ҿ磬ѧ󶼷ͷͷǵβ׺Ķ׶
ԭҪﵽҾ磬֮߾磬ˮ
νˮһľ־˵Ĳһ̶ˮ㣬ƽ;͵־ˡ
Ҫ֪ˮ֮񣬶ṥĩʤ֮
ľᶨʱƽˮΪκζΪκηŭ꣬ʼձǣֻʱſԷӳǿ
Ҫ羪κˣ˲䱬ƿһе赲޼᲻ݵġ
ߺĿҾ̫񱩣ˮ֮
˵ߺܹɹˮ֮ǹɿ񱩵սƲһжĶĶ
ʱ򣬸ߺĵˮľ硣
ȻˮҲǿղŵǸߵȾ磬͵Ļֻе
߾ľԶ߾ԿԼϲŭ֣ﵽľֹˮĵز
ڵĸߺûˮľ磬Ҫ˵ľˡ
ӵУѧһ仰ʹѧ籩ǣûдﵽˮĵز
ΪڲҪ˵ĿĿԼﲻ˵ڸߺҲǰ벽ˮ֮
˵ߺܹԼˣʱߺʽˮľˡ
ֻҪˮСɣĵزߺʽ뵽Ҿˡ
ʵҾˮˮ֮Ĺϵ
ˮˮҾزٵĶ
ϾֻĿſҾÿһǿһ

ѧָøߺǳҲѧ˶Ŀһµʶ
ǰѧ綼ʮͳģֻ֪ʲôҾ磬ȴ֪Լѧ絽Ǵʲô׶Ρ
ѧߺ̸ʱе˲඼ѾˣΨʣ쾡
ʲôط˭ΪʲôҪߣʶ𣿡
ǿ鷸Ҫңء
С磬Ҫӡ
ÿһ仰ܵΪ֮Ŀֵ⼸ˣߺֻһ񺮣һ㼦Ƥ
ߺͻȻб쾡һٵĳ嶯ڰѧҲ뷨оԼˡ

ڶ죬ոŵסǱϣһ춯صĲҽ
ߺ
ո𴲵쾡̲ס۴ǽٴ죬ֱ
ôôʹҲǸͷ˭쾡һ¾ӣһֻǸ쾡ףߵˣͷһȦ
԰Ұɣ˭ɵġ

ߺ糿úΪ˰ǼŪţѧǻһֱҪ˲Ÿϻ
ߺ׼ȥӸʻǴӰѧ˵ġ
˵׹ǲ⴫ģҪѧϰ׹ͱͬʱ߱
һǱΪӢӣߺĵӡ
Ź׶ȱﵽһĳ̶ȣ׵ͼҪŹ׶ʮ㡣
õ׵ͱ뿿񣬻Ϊ޴ĹײŻá
񲻵ŵ׬ȡ׵֮һǻ׬ȡķʽ֮һ
ÿһй̶Ĺ׵͵߶


89 һ
һ·ϣߺϵѯʣǰ
ȻƲϵҲϸûˡ
ĶĽģŽɫĹ⣬ܵǽڶտ̵ʯͷġ
ԶǽģΪΰ׳ۡ
ߺ̧߽֮ڣ֮һƬΰľ
ڴԷֱžŸտ̵ʯÿһо״ϸÿһʯ翵ƶ䣬ÿһƲʶվڴУͬƺһ㡣
ÿһ߶ĸӣԳƶǰŵھŸʯ
ǾŸʯ֮¶һ޴ĹÿһвͬɫſɫģǺɫģɫɫġ
мǸʯµĹȴǺɫġ
Ҳʮֿ㣬ߺʱѾмˣ⼸˶ԿĴ˵Եϡϡġ
ߺʱǺˣϵ񵥴ȥ
еŵΪҲͬΪҲлصΪߵΪ
ЩӶߵİ˸濴񣬶ھŸµĺɫǰûվ
ɫĹɫĹǰ棬ֻվżˡ
ÿһɢĲļ£ȫǻصΪ
ߺߵɫӵĹǰǹϷдż֣
¿һһʺϵȼһء
һһ׵٣ϾЩСĸûлһصӵܣȻԼĵӶܰˡαٱأ
ǣһǶʺϻΪߣҲǺܶࡣ
Ǹһȴ̫ˣ׶εʺϻߡ
ȻڴжţëСеĻأÿһǱһЩΣյǲȥյġ
ֻܵЩˡ
ߺȴһ⣬ǾЩûһнŹ׶ȵġ
ߺ漴ɫĹȥдż֣
Ȼߺ¿ȥĵȼʺϵΪͬһޣֻĽ˺ܶ࣬ȴŹ׶ȡ
ҲΪŹ׶ȣÿһηųᱻһա
ڣɫĹֻĵȼɺжٵĹֵ޼ֻʣ˼һһˡ
һһĽ̫ˣ׵㶼ߣһһһĹֵ
һǶÿһжĹֵĵ㡣
ߺɫĹȥǿտҲҲУʳԡ
ߺֻһЩϵȻȫˣҿθߺص׬ȡʦŹ׶ȵģȻĻߺҪˡ
ߺɫĹȥһ׼񣬰ǿ˳š
ӳǶһʺϵǻؾ磬Ȼǹ͡
һˮǵǮңǼһҪȥ򣬿Ǵˮǵ;Ҳ֪ʲôʱ𣬶һӶߡ
ӶһЩ齨ɵ֯е֮֯
ӶУ߶ǻһصΪǿľͲ֪ˣΪ˲ܶΪ߾߶ϧгΪӶߣӶ˵Ĳ
Ȼ˼Ϊƣǽһ֧ȫǻΪɵĶΪˣЩˣټӶᣬǸ֯ȡΪӶߡ
УҪϵʮˮǵ·̣ġ
Ľ֮ʮÿǧ
Ƿ񣬵˷ѵʱˡµ·̾ЩֵˣԸߺϵķ
񣬸ߺһһˣоÿһ񶼲̫ʺԼ
Ȼÿһʮֵĸߣǲִʱ̫ǹݲʺԼ
һȻѡصصǿߣȻ˴֮սҿ
Ű񵥵һң˵ǼԴ֮ǰͷϰ䣬ĳϰġ
Ϊϰ֮ˣһȵĻĸš
һʱУ˶Ҷѡ
Ҫֱǹ֣Ȼߵӿһ񵥷ڴ֮ڣҪˡ
ߺĿֻڶһѰңڵӶǶ׵ǲܵģǶĻ߲ſԽӵ
ߺȴֻǸصߣȻ뻯ص޼ڵΪϾǻأԼʹҲͬġ
ߺ۲ϵĴӹѰң۽ƳһȽϤۣ׼ҡ


90 ׼ҵ
ⵥݴģ׼ҪȥɽеȥɼһЩҩ
ɽӽǧǧٹֵĵطٽɽĴƮڣɽ̾꣬޷ɽеط߱顣
ɽһʮرĵطУĶӣҲˣݺ
ǣＫطҲΪ඾ݴÿһ඾ݵ棬ضЩݵĽҩ
ĵضΣĸ߽ݡ
ЩıҩҲʮֵĸߣЩݸߵҩ׼Ҫġ
ûô򵥣涾УʱѬȾЩĶöࡣ
ǻصߣһСıﶣҲϢ
洦ĴڣһСľͻУʱͱˡ
ǵľ뻹ǱȽϽģһһشԼֻҪ죬ټϲɼҩʱ䣬Ҳʱ䡣
˴׼ҳ˻ӶʮˣÿһصΪѾ׼ҵмˡ
Ҫͨ󣬹⿿Щ߾ͲеģлߣôҲ
ߣ׼˵ѾǺˣʧһʹ׼ڷѵĵزܲڷ涼˵
׼һ߼Ҳֻˣ˴׼ҵҪϵ
˴ΣնȱȽϸߣԱҲǱȽϷģÿһ˾Ȼǧ
ҲʱƵģʱ죬֮Ѿһˡ
ߺߵɫĹǰ棬ֱ㽫񵥴ӹ
ܵˣߺһصߣȻȥӶǵ񣬷׷ЦſŸߺ
˭ȻԻصľӶ񣡡
ǰǲ֪ȻдŻϵΪֻ˵ĺѣ
֪ʱ᲻ᶪƮڵأҪ֪ÿֹƮڵȥÿһеǰȥ

ߺԱߵֱ֮ߵһǰһųӺ档
ųлصΪںĿ񣬺ƶԴеںƵġ
ϣҪ񣡡ߺųһ֣Ὣ֮ѡ
ǸųһĿŸߺĸ񣿸ҿɣ
ߺ񵥵˹ȥǸϽ񵥽˹Ȼ̧ͷһ۸ߺ
ֻǻصľ簡ʺŶСѣҪѭ򽥽
ߺһЦϣȰңҾʹѡˣ
ųεҡҡͷߺ˹ȥ񵥺żغ֮󣬱㽫ƻ˸ߺ
ųָָֻո˯ѵɢСӣף˰ɣ
ߺ˵ͷȥ
ΪǧеļƷνǧҹа˰٣ֻǵڶ㵽˷ǡ
ߺȻǼΣǱϾԷǻ̫Ϥ֪׼ҵڷǵʲôط;һ·ѯʣһ˲ʱ䡣
վǿǿĸˣߺʱ˴Ѿвڶʮٴ˵ȴд󲿷ֶŵӣ

ǿ쿴һΪ׼ε𣿡
Ų񰡣ֻлصߣ㿴ЩӣһǻذҿӦǿֵİɣ
ŸߺԽԽߺòҲչǵǰ
һɫĳۣ峤ӢϴŵЦݣԵ
ףǿƮڵĵҮѲΪԼʦּ͵ģ
Үôɫߣ
ɫ۸ϵߣƮŵӵȨǲŸôȷߺƮڵӡ
׼Ҵ֮ǰȻʮŵĵӣ༸һЩСŵĵӡ
ÿһռһĿļ
ܹƮռһɽׯˣˣǬˣʣСһ
ߺûԱ˵˽ǼĬĬǰš
ʲôʲôμ𣿡
˶üͷҪ֪׼ֻҪˣڵѾԶԶˣ϶һһ߾ȻСǣҪᡣ
ǻɽׯƮڵ˶ĿŸߺߺԻƮڸӶˡ
ƮѾξȻиصߣƮѾû˰
ɽׯһӹЦƮڵ˶۳Ѫ˿ĿŸߺ
׼Ҽ־ǻؾߣվſǰŸߺһǰ̲סüͷ
Ʈôһ£ѵ治׼ҷ𣿡
־ԱߣһŮվǣȫĿŸߺӰỨķ
Ůź𣿡
ӯӯôˣ𣿡־·ԼŮ״æʵ


91 ټӯӯ
ףǸ˾ǸߺǰǵǸˣ׵ѯʣӯӯعԼĸ׽͡
Ŷ־¾̾ǰɣûǴĻ˵ǸСһذһΪǻأѲɡ
ӯӯһʼҲûô࣬ǾһѲŷӦȷģߺֻصľ磬ȥԷȻ硣
Ѳʲôף
ѲĹھߺ־ص˵
ʲôܰɣߺӦòᡭ
ǣӯӯû˵꣬Χ۵Ⱥо˺ߺš
ߺǱߺ
Ү
˻һȫԾȻû˿ߺģǱ֮˭˲֪˲
һΪԼ磬ĵ֣սͻƣԻصΪõһ
־һ𾪵ĿŸߺ棬Ǹߺ
ӯӯҲý׵С֣סԼĻС죬ʮֵĿɰ
ʱһ̶
ֻһȺıԣʲôýģ
˵һɽׯĵӣĻɫƬѩ׵ƣΪȻǻء
ǣϷϢ˼ҲȲϣ֮˲һ㡣
ֵǣ仰˶ûзԣ־¶Ĭ仰˵
˶֪ʵÿ䣬ĴŲμӵĵӣѡʵǸ׶߿µĵӡ
¾嶼Ĭˣ˵ŵҲǳЩӣǰʮͻᱻռȫˣͲмʲôˡ
Ҫ֪ĴŵӣܹԽսӵӣμӱЩӣȫ̫ġ
ߺȻҲӰѧ˵˵ˣԴȴͬ˭˵û˲ŵģŵӳ˸ߺǰ嶼û
ý˵ʵѾȫԱ⻯ˣԽս
ԽʵڳļŵĵӴ󲿷ֶ֡

ǣһȺʲôɽģһǸͲУ
ߺ΢΢һЦǲһ°
˻һ½Ծе˶˵ˣעŸߺ
˵ǶڳЩŵսʹΪǿҲô˵Ķְɣ
Ҫ֪ڳЩŵӾųǿԽսģǿԽһս
񣡾˵ֱۣҪ֫ʱ򣬻ɽׯһͻȻǰ˸ߺһ£̵Ц
㾡ԣϣʱȶϽŵĲɣߺĿһۣȻƮڵļȥ
Ժ˫ɱէ֣һߺ
ߺоƷ磬ԥĻͷһơ
ﬡ
θߺûκڵĿǺֻǽӴһ˲䣬˵־ͱˡ
⡭
˾Ȼÿһڵһӡǣ漴̧ͷ˫˫ȭֱ죬Ҫжֵĺۼ

ǿǲǻɽׯ洫Ӳлׯ𣿡
˵ǿԽսߣһʮţÿγַ֣ǲмܶ˭ʹڵӣҲû⣬ͳƺŲл𡣡
ߺȻܽˣ˲𰡣
ʲô˲ģׯٷ֮һʵûó
˵Ĳׯȷֻ˰ٷ֮һʵǲ֪ߺҲһƣֻ˰ٷ֮һһ롣
ׯ裬Ǭ֮ڣҲ˳Ӹߺ
˿Ļ϶֪˾Ǭڵ洫ӣ˳Ȯ
ѾˣǬڵӶǵʵˣֻƺĳƺšȮ
ʵкܶ˳ƺ֮󣬾ͷԭ֣רͱŵеĳۡ
Ȯ˫еɱ⽥ʢղŸߺǾƵĻɲװû
սһ־æԲ
ȿȣλлνӵ׼ңлλˣ
־һ仰ͽ˵˹ȥϸ
ߵĿȫ۹ˣ־һ
Ҫ⼸ĵȷ֮ǰʹˣ׼ҲѲ˸ϵһԵĴƾ׼һܲˡ
Ҫ˵ֹսôܣ־ԼҲͻصΪĿʮص߰
οĴ󲿷ֶǿԽսţÿһлصʵ
ղ־»룬ȫ׼ҵĵӶð׼ҵʵõ
ʮʮЩһܽߣʱ׼ҾͿԽĲˣͬ˾ͽһ
Щ־Ҳѡ
ׯһĿһ۸ߺɽׯڵطȥ
ߺû·ϣҲļƮȥ
־¿ѾΪԼĻõ˻⣬˵˴׼ֻõˣԣԲλˣֻܴмѡǿߣ
˵գ־µͬһֻһչȵǰ档
⻰֮ΪȻĵ˵ͷ
˼һǮˣȻʸѡ¼ʹǼŵӶ
ڣҵŮӯӯҲεӣϣ־˵Ժ󣬾˵һȥˣȴԼŮ
ǣһûκζӯӯȥ־Ҳ̲סͷơ
ֻӯӯվſڳճյؿŸߺɢһ
ߺ־˵ӯӯ֣Ҳ̧ͷſڵķȥ
ʱֵׯͻɽׯ˶ţϾӯӯ֮־½ߺעȫ־ϣԵڶûзӯӯ
־һѣߺŷӦ
̧ͷƣӯӯӳ˸ߺԼһγӴˡӯӯ


92 ս
ʱӯӯǰ˺ܶ࣬Ҳӵˣ׵ڱóϧ
˵Ŀ⽻һӯӯɫ΢죬ͷ
һĻ־¿ٴӯӯӯӯ
ӯӯڻع͸˵ƻ¡
ղκ־º֮ԼͺˣղԼ룬ҪЩ˲Լ׼ҵӵܸΣ
ߺЩ츳õһֱҲǷǳСԼŮ֮ǲ׼ҵô
˲лׯȮɱֹסɱ⣬΢Щҡ
ߺʹҲвлȮĹп˱ϣĻԼŮ˻ӣ
ӯӯ紵߽˳أĿ˸ߺһۣʼ
ĹǣڳлһԲȦִ˶ȥʣǿˣִѡ

ʮȫվڵһɫȦ棬ʮУȫǼŵĵӣЩС˶Ծ˳ˡ
ΪԼԲܴùŵĵӵģȮлҪ°뱲Ӿˡ
СӣڹҵЬ¸ɾˣȻҡͷβĽмүӿԷŹ㣡ôʱл̵Ц
Ʈڵһ߷ߺ޵ĿŲлһߵĵĿŸߺ
ǲǵĸߺ¸ߺ̰ׯ˵ôƮڵԺͻڽǰԶ̧ͷ
־һȻ˵ģӯӯֵĵĿŸߺ¸ߺʲô⡣
ߺ˵沿鶼УƮڵӵ飬Ϊ֮ûһǲлȮĶ֡
ȻУߺȫǶ֡
Щ㣡ҵЬɾˣǵֱطϣߺһЦƵ˵ƽʲôԣһϷ
ʦ㣡㿴᲻Ӯʼûвκִľڣ绨Ů˽
Ϊߵ洫ӡ飬ΪȮлڽϵĳƺλ顣
ſɶƮڣŵвŵŵӣֻҪʵһĳ̶ȣоҪ洫ӡ
λֵһЦ֪˵ɣҸоȡһĿ϶ߣңֺԱǰʮֵƳ
˵仰˷׷׽ЦʱʱĿߺӢˬϢ
ӯӯһսʼ˲ݺᣬܵ˷׷Զ
뿪ĻϾһѪҵսȻֻս

ϸߺǻڵһ洫ӣȴǲл𣬱Ϣ˼ޣлׯҲֻһ֮ʵʵҪս֪֮ˡ
ǰĸߺԸеѣͻƺĸߺ
ɣߺ
һȣƱͬһɫƵ·ϵŤƾͬҽһ㡣
ܵĿƳһ˲䣬ͱȼմܹǿķ硣
ǻɽׯĻƣ˼˺ֹһǴʱĸߺҲǻһؾˡ
ƣߺûҽһ壬һ˴أڵ²ϵĴУһ˲˵Ľ¡
䣡
ǹ˲˵Ľ±һûдڸߺϣ˾ͱɱըȦ⣬ŵŸߺ
Ȼҷˣлׯоɽׯˣ˫ɲǼ˻ɫк
˫ֳȭɱߺߺǰ߾ȭͷݺݵߺ
ȭͷȼܻ棬ܵһзΪޣղ˵Ļƶǿ
лصˣʱ־¾ȵȻ֪ŵÿһԽսţۿǾޱȡ
ߺȻʾһ㺮ڸߺ֮ϣȻȭӭȥ
ͣ
ȭཻһˮϿգߺϵĺϵıڻׯϵĻҲϵı
һǿĳ֮伤ս̾ͱȦ⣬ɥʧִʸ
ʼһӣ̭ˣƮһˣɽׯһˣǬһˡ
ƣնׯܺȻ棬ڿۣγƬƣЩʮֵȣնȼ
ɻƣߺȻҲͻľһ£û뵽Էӵлƣһɻơ
ƬƷֲͬķߺϮȥÿһƬƶͬһպУøߺܵв
ߺұеĻǿ϶˲ճһѹͷͷʣ¡
ߺ뱬ׯ裬ܻƵĹأ
˭뵽ıȻͻȻֳ֣צΣͬһĿסߺùǣøߺãצϴǿҪߺùǶˡ


93 ɽѹ
ߺֻʮ־޴󣬸ߺÿһζܸе˺ѷεʹҪ˵ʩչӰˡ
ۿƾԼһ׵ľ룬ߺ¶ģеȫƻȥһ֮¾ͽׯɡ
ֽץסֻץСɱƼһļµĺӸߺϱ
ΧеĿˣƬƵٶȶ˺ֻܶ࣬ץɴ౻סˣȻ㿪ʼϵצӡ
һҽȮ
ûֱۣתԷסˣȮҲ뾡ֱ۴Ӹߺı۰ϳء
ǣߺԸֽץסȮ˫֣еҲȫñԼ˫Ȯ˫ֽıһ
ʱƬҲ칥ߺˡڸߺԳӴıƣԻƾߺԽͻԽһ֡
Ͼߺıƴ󲿷ȮϣȮҲǻصߣʵܵﻯصĲϡ
ԸߺıȻׯĻǿܶ࣬һǽ޷סƬƣ
ɡӯӯոƿڴͱ־סͣ
ׯԶսһǱûŵӣ֮ͥ±ŲôĹ׼ҵġ
ܵҲŭԣϾɽׯĵǬڵӶ̭ˣǿǻĿ˭˵ǵĻأ
ߺɫҲˣղļûʹأ
ܣýӰΣɽ
ÿһʹׯȮԵֿġ
ڸߺղŲûɱ⣬Ծʹ˰˳ɡ
ǣȮׯӣҪȡԼ¸ߺɾɱ
飡
סߺȮĺƬƬмɢڿС
ʱȮѾˣʹˣߺֻ΢΢һ𣬾ͽȮ˫𿪡
Ӱ
ߺ˲ʧԭأתϿա
û˱ƵвƬߺԭվĵطնȥ
ǣߺѾԭˣƬƵĿǡȮ
û˱ƵƬƻָԭٶȣԱ֮ǰӿٶȮȥ
Ȯ۾˲ɵͨ죬ûһ˿ĸ飬һɷơ
ǣǬڵӿȴûһ㵣ģϷ׷¶ĵ΢Цֻ֪״̬Ȯ

ȮԵ޹ʵĴһģеҰ˺ĺС
Ȯ幪£˫ŵأͬһֻҰް㣬Ȼ֫ʹ廯һӰƬƵķ϶дȥ
ȻûܵʲôʵԵ˺ǻƵȶȻϵ·ȫȼˣͷüëȫ˾
Ŀȴδׯϣȥĸ֪ΣյϷ
ȻׯҲоˣ˫һƬƷ׷յĸߺȥ
ɽ
ߺѾˣȮղŸܵǹΣϢɸߺġ
һȥһִĺƬѹȥˣɽĹ򸲸ķ֮ԲȦ
ЩսˣΪߵģܵһӴԼѹ׷ɽȥ
ЩΪ͵ĿɾͲˣǻҵսţڿôֻܡ
Ƿֵʱ򣬱ɽѾ治ԶˣѾˣ˶ۼɽȥ
ǿϮɽɽȴЩڱɽ֮£׷ױȻ󱻱ɽ飬ɱ
ʣƬɽڵֹֻֿסɽ½ƣֻǱѡ
ߺӰ£ݺݵĲڱɽϣҲ˱ɽ֮ڡ
ɽ֮µĻƵΧ˲ͱסˣȻѹĩƮ
ֻһƬƾЦһ㣬ׯ軹վ棬еȪˮƬӿȥ
ɵվǸʲôæׯ費һƲȮվŷ㶣̲ס
һƵģȮȥڰжסɽϵɽҧſʱһɿ񱩵ֻһھĺ
ڱɽ֮µˣԱ߱ɽĹΧ֮š
Ǿڵӣ˿̾ڻһλŮڱɽ֮ڡ
ҧҧֳ˻ȥֱɽԼǿһ
ԩľƮڵˣԭߺƮڵӣӦðԼģǣߺû˼ȻڹΧ֮ڣᰡ
ʵߺҲģУҪýܣ뿴ġ
ܵ˱һĻˣ־£û뵽ߺһƾȻѹеӣ츳Ҳ̫˰ɡ


94 ȫ
ಣ
ߺıɽվôĶ֣ڻƬ
Щ񱩵ɳߺδߺǰͱɽлˡ
Щıд͸в󣬼漲ȥļæϵĵֵԼıС
ߺȵ䵽˵ϣո䵽ϣͰڳһƣǺɽƵʽߺѾܾûаڳˡ
ڵѾʹȫˣϾǰľ˿ɶǻ߰ȫǿԽսš
м˵ʵԵﻯصľ磬һԼںͽʮĻս
ߺڻصʱʵȻԱ⻯ؾʵ
ΪǻصľˣֽСɣĽýӰΡ
ڵʵѳؾˣ˵еĵʩչ뻯ص
ǣҪ˵ϣΪʱ磬ϾصߣԼԷķƲˣ̸أ
ҪǸߺܹóƣ⼸˻ڻ£Ǹߺ뱩¶ԼĵƣûеƣԼЦ
ȻƲܶãǾֻܾʩչɽƣɽѾ¶ˣһһ¶ǾȫĺɽƶˣԸߺûʱʹʹúɽˡ
ʮ˾ôţһƮڵ˶һۣ˵ͷ˼
ʾԣȻղŸߺǣҲ֪ߺǲΪ֮ΪƮڵӵȻҪһ¶ˡ
ߺ˵ͷû˵ʲô
лĻҪ˵ڲôǾֵܡ
ڵļҲ࿴һۣ΢ĵ˵ͷ˻ȥ
Ȼǿߺ˧ͷʦ˵ߺ¡
ܽ᣺ߺˣһʵǿᣬһؾܴܻصߣһʹȫȻǻˣʵҲǻء
ڶߺĺڶԵϣԼҲĺݣ˲ǺˣߺҪǷԼ˾ҪһˣΪôһ²ֵá
˵˳̱
Ҫ˵ȮлҪøߺأµƾԼˣͲǸߺĶ֡
øߺղŵкɽ˵˾һֶǶ֣еˡ
ţ˻ȥȰ˵Ȼ˵ǸߺĶ֣Ʈʣɲ˵Ķ֡
оеˣôٻᡣ
е쿪ˣڵҲʸߺòǾʹȥ
˸ո˺һߺ˲ԭʧȻǬڵһԣԷؿӡȥ
ҲոշӦæ𳤽ߺƴȥۿҪ̵ˣɫʼЦݡ
ǸߺƺȻ㺮һסУƾһƾĵ˵ؿڡ
䣡
ߺһƲûʹȫҲ̺˱ƣǸ˲ͱˣ屻Ϯһ˲ͽˡ
ȮŷӦ˲ͨ죬ߺץҧȥһ蹷
ƣߺСɱȫһɽ˦Է
һƾеĿ飬γһƬա
ƾȮøӷˣ˫ֺƱһڼݣһһºݺݵƾҧȥ
ֻǽӴһɲǣƾͱݵָ˺ѿһصıмȮֱͨ󣬵Ȼ޷˵ߺȥ
ߺ֪Լɽ϶򲻰Ȯڴɽһ䳤ν˲ʩչһĽȮһ͸

Ȯұһ͵Һ֮ƲϵȮϮȮںģȻߺ
ںǽٶ̫ˣټĹһʩչͻ˼ʹĹԵδԼұȻˡ
ߺ˫һУһֱ۵ģȻô֪ôǾͶԲˣ
ν
ˢˢȮֱȺȻն䡣
ʦ֣һȣѾ̭Ǭڵ˹ֹסȮƣѸߺڵĺ
Ȼתͷߺ޵ĿŸߺúݵģǬڡ
ֻĻû˵꣬ߺ䳹˫Ͷһɺ⣬ӲֹסĻ
ηĿ˸ߺһۣȮһӣнԶ־¸ǵĻû˵
־ҲûйֶԷˣڵעڸߺϡ
ߺתͷûȥǬڵĵӣٶʧһ̳һɽׯĵǰ
ׯ豸˸ߺߺʧ˲ͳ֣ȥ
ӭȴǸߺİν
һ۰ɳ⣬ߺֱָؿڡ
гȥҿһֱۣߺ˵鲻һ˿顣
ߺ̫죡ׯ迴ߺԼͻȻʶһûᣬͲԼʦܵһߺĳ
һƵư磬춼㣬ֻȴǳȵġ
ɽƣƽ
ߺϾһƽһ̺ɽƵƽ
ĳҷԴһҵе㣬һȥһƵƵ
ׯһãĳƣÿһƶƣߺѹ
ɽ
ߺһʮᣬȥƵȱˣĳƺɽ
䣡
һɽ֮ײϣȻƵƾʧڿУڶɽʣƾƵ֮ׯѹȥ
ׯæĳһ죬ŵ
ֻոյֿʱ򣬸ߺѾʹǧѰ븡Ӱ˲ׯǰν
ৡ
Ѹײڶ֮ƣ˲Ϳׯֱۡ


95 
ϵѪδѾĺѪˣһѪɫ
ѪɫƶׯǰĽֱָׯĺǽϱĺׯ˼Ƥ
㲻ɱңѲƮҪɽׯսɣߺ㵨̫ˣȻ֮ս
ׯһʼɫ󣬺Խ˵ԽԼ˵öԣ𽥵һȻĸߺ
͡
ߺԽԽֱ̲סһһ˺ۡ
ͻʹׯ̱ס죬ԼĴˣڶԷأȻŸԷǲ֪
Ȼܵ˶ɵƵĿׯ衣

ߺһׯ죬ȻȻתʣļԱͷҲص˵ȥɣҲҪ㻹䣡
ߺҿˣɽׯΪһƮڿս
󣬸ߺûȥԷžڵ˵ɣڻһˣ
ڵ˶Ÿߺвסĸл⣬ֺˡ
ҿǼ˽ߺġСƷԼȻĻոߺֶΣԼ˵³϶ׯ輸һøзϵ³
־ҲȵĿŸߺû뵽ߺȻ˹ʵ֮ǿԼҪˣûзӦ
һǱߺݲеֶθסˣһжڵʯ֮䣬ֱ̫ˣ
ǺǣߺȻ鴫ʵǿޱȣҵȳϲĶ֣ڵӵһߺٴæ΢Цŵ
ߺ΢΢˵ͷָź滹ȦڵƮڵ˵һҪμӣʵȻûȮׯǿҲ㲻ˣ
ȻҪԼŵͬʦֵܣӦСˣȻߺԻġοӸղղŵΪҲӦСˡ
Ʈڵʣ˶ĿŸߺԭǵʵοûлˣǸߺĳ֣ϣ
һЦǵȻʦã˳ɣʵˣ
⼸лǺϵģǸķԸԹԵĵ˵ͷԶ߳Ȧ⡣
һȦھʤˣˡ
ߺȦǸƮڵһ֣λʦ֣Բˣ㲻ˣ
Ǹ˿⣬΢΢һЦô˵ʦ֣㣬˾ͻΪЦ
ʱߺŵϸˡ
ȫڶʮңɫ·ڴɫߣŵӣŵӡ
ߺӰѧĿе֪ŵΪﵽʱֻҪ䲻̫󣬾ͿԽΪ洫ӡ
洫ӵķΣڴɫߣŵӵķвͬ
鷢չ⣬־³ˡ
ˣǶǿˣ׼ҸõĴʲôסģһл׼һ־ʮֵĴ󷽣ϾЩŵӣùϵкôġ
ϣߺ˱ס׼ңϳԹ󣬱ڿͷѡ˼ӣס
ڶ죬̫ո¶ͷߺͳ˿ͷ
ϣߺһҹû˯һϣʵǰϡ
Ϊߺ극뼸λŵһ󣬾ͻԼķˡ
ǣոջطãͽһŮåŮɣ
ӯӯŤŤߺ죬һֱһʱҲһţһȣ
ˣߺŰĵϲ˯ѾΪߺϰˣ˯˯̤ʵ
ӯӯҲǾϵԥžģҪԼȫ
ʵԭԸߺֻ㺰ǾĲ˼ǣң𽥱ˡ
ںȷϲߺҪſΪŮ֣ſ׷ߺȻߺٴ뿪Ͳ֪²ܼˣпܴԶˡ

ͣߺ˷Լһ˺ƺƵĳˡ
ʮصȫϣΧʮϳˣÿһ˶صΪ
иߺ˵ıһ·ҲоյĶȹ
˵ɽߺǵһ߽ôԶصʱȻһΣʱΪ̫ͣͲߵ̫Զ
ξͲͬˣһ·ٽ׼ޣȻ󲿷ֶһ׵ģǸߺ˳ֻ֣һֻޣҲܽȫ
һ·ϣӯӯϵҸߺ˵˵ǣÿεõߺĻش𣬶˷ܲѣЦϵ
ĽѣЩص֮¶ʷߺ޵
׼ֻˣȻӯӯһͻƵ㣬ɹ׼ҵŮôǿɾƽư
ңӯӯģȻƲǣҲΣ꣬Ƣʮºͣһ֮
˾ͽ϶߱˾ͽǿһλĴС㰡
ٹ͵ˣӯӯߺڶǰ棬ŵͼҲ֪ߺû⣬͵
ߺ˵ͷʾ֪ˣ沿ûκα顣
ԴӽɽӯӯʼиߺΪߺǺںֻһţֻվЩŤҲԵ̫ˡ


96 ¼
ߺޱ飬ӯӯʧĽͷȥڸߺ󣬻ǰС
ߺҲԼԷһСŮЩãûкŮӽҲ֪ôŮӻġ
Ҫ֪ԴӸߺʮ֮󣬱ˮʣ˭ҶԼŮ͸ߺӴϾһ˵վ顣
Ů޸ôһɲЩģԣС󣬺ӴŮҲֻԼá
ڸߺоʮΣ֪εʱȻһǰһǿҵĲ
Сģ
ߺһȣһ̽ӯӯᵽԼϣԼͬһƥ
ӯӯɫͨ죬ͬһСôôֱӰ
ǣĻû˵꣬һɫƿϮ˲ǰڸղӯӯƥϣƥ˲ͱǹ롣
ӯӯһ亹ողǸߺԼקôԼͺƥһˡ
ǹɺɫƥ֮󣬼漤ȥ
౮ƣ
һƮڵӣһĳγһ޴ޱȵɫʯǵɫײȥ
䡭
ʯ飬ǵɫȻʧ˲٣ʣСȥƲ˳ȥ
⡭
˾˫ֵֵǿʹ˽ʮڵһĽӡ
ƮڵȻ̧ͷȵǿһڵޣ
һмٶǻߵĵȼǻصΪ
ߺɫҲ֣صߣҲȫӦοڶԷڰԼ
ߺֽıסӯӯǰ͹µİڸߺϣϧߺûоȥܣȫעעǰ
ûзڵ״ɲӯӯûз
ߺʵ̫ˣǿֱعϣؽڸߺϣͦεرѹƽˣеһķ
̧ͷԵߺӢףûֱȻ˫ִߺ壬Ļͷڸߺؿڡ
뵽ʱͣһ̣жã
ߺһֽһڷڽϣ׼ʱս
ʵڸߺռӯӯıˣֻڸߺھʮֵĽһҪսš
ԷͨصޣԼԶһҪһڶʵôͱһս
˭ʤ˭ܣҲδ֪

ʱһһĹȥˣǸߺʲôҲûȵҲҲûӶ
ߺȵʵڲͷˣôȥҪȵ°
ߺʾںţ˫һӣǰȥ
ȻߵʱȻ˽ӯӯڸߺǽѾȫоԼĽˡ
ľԲݣ˴Ŷ·ڷһ˿ߡ
ֻܣʮƽ׵һ飬ͺһ㣬ǳףµߵȫ档
ֵǣЩȫˣһ⣬һȫʺɫޱȡ
ߺΪһܺõͻƵ㣬ɾʱһ𣬴̶ޱȣߺоԼĶ䱻ֱ졣
ԴڸߺĻУߺͷȥڷӯӯĴڡ
ԭոӯӯоͣͷƣǲҪһ֮£ŵļ
ϾʹǸߺЩëȻοһСˡ
󷽴͸ߺȣôˣû°ɣ
ЩƮ뾲ڵĵӣӯӯļУΪ˷ʲôأԼæⱼ
˶ʱƬӳ˵ЩڵŮҲŵü
е˵ĵ׶ðһɺ⣬巢䣬ͷƤһһķ顣
ߺĿȴʮƽѲ飬˵ĺδš
һߺڷʲôԱЩ侲˵ղŵȷһޣһӦ۷弶ģ
ʲôôģ
ǰսԱǨԣ׼󳷣

˲е˶ڱս
ˣߺ̲סȵֻѾˣǿмǸ׳ȫڵķ󡣡
ߺĻߺָķȥ
棬мһ֧׵ޣֻѾˡ
ֻ޵ͬһֻ㣬ֻǰֻצܴ󣬴ʮִСֻצǰָޱȡ
һ޷ֻʮִСצǷʱ
ǲʹڵ³裬һǷҪλ֮ųС
ߺ̧ͷһеӯӯͼУھжԶ
ӯӯĴӸߺĻֱ壬óͼϸۿ
вһӯӯĵ˿̵ôΪ׼еĵӣǻƿ̫ϲߺˡ
ڣǴеĿĲһҲڸߺĻгˡ
ߺҲڻͷˣ˼ҪСĵˣֻӦеĳЩղӦһ
ߺ˻һҲȷµľڵĶ
ֻпǱеöҧġ
Ҫ֪ޱʾͱǿһڵ޶ֲסǱҧ
һص棬һ񺮡
ЩߵȣӦǱѾжķˣġ
ֻǶڶƬѾʼ˿־С


97 ֲ
һ˼ǰУıԵ
еľ£෴ʮֵ
ֲɫģޱȣҫĿֲ֮以ޣȻϣÿһɫУʮɫĹâ
һȥ󣬷˼ð
Щϲߵ棬׷ױľסˣ̰һС
ֻиߺ飬ûľɫУֹƮ뾲ڵļӡ
ӯӯҲǱˣǱҲᱻ־µΪ˴εĴӡ
Ҫ֪εҩй׼ҵ棬ʹǼҲһûǵôҪ顣
ȫס֣ǲ֪ʲôطЩֲԶһЩӯӯһȣھɫڶѡ
ѹȫĿӯӯΪβԼЩֲ
ûƶ೤ʱ䣬һҽн˵Ŀȥ
ֻһ׼ҵץס֣ϵı鶼Ťˣ岻ϵڵϴԱǱʵ֦
֦ȫʺɫʮֵ
ð˿˿̣ϵıƤˣõĲֲϵȥ𽥵ģֱ۶ʼˡ
ߺۼֿ죬˲ǰ棬ӽһնͽ˵ұ̼ͱնˡ
еѸߺΧס׷óԼеıָŸߺ
ѾжˣΪʲôҪֱۣҪǲһͣǼʹĶ֣Ҳƴˣһ˵Ĭϵĵ˵ͷ
ߺһЦҪǽͣҪɣ˵ոߺսʣ˫֣ĿԶеıС
ԸߺĿǰʵԸЩߣɽƶãֻˣҲмȥʲô
Ǹ侲һ£ߺôǶԵģղֹ˵Ķӣʱӯӯ߳ŭĳϴȡ
ղһжӯӯͽеı仯УǶӵļ죬һ˲ʹӵҸٹһӶ࣬˱ɡ
ӯӯĺǳ⣬ϸô¡׷ķ˵
ӯӯߵߺǰӯӯĵˡ
ߺƳһۣջ̲ʹԼЩѾûˣڸղǰΧҵ˲䣬һֻڸҲжˣӦѾˡ
Щʮ־ȣ׷׻ͷۿ׷׻عͷȥǸжˣȻʱǸ˵ಿλƤѾһˡ
еʹǿ־塣
ոΪǵԵʣԼֵܱԼ˺ˣȻֱӣҲΪߺ¡
ǣǶ˸µʶһĵطЩ֮ȴŶħֻҪһСģͻᶪ
ߺһۣ΢΢ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ˵ʲôˣ
ȺѾʧȥţ˵һӣȴǵֻ
ȻߺѾѾûģûڵѾȫֲδˣǸߺйĶĵĲܣҲ˵ʲô
ţ׼ҵսʿǣεûģߣǣΣյģȫ˵׼ҵӢۣ
ʱӯӯݽ˵⣬ߺЩѾûΣĸм
֮Ӣ鰲ĵȥɣĸĸӣ׼Ķӻ׼ҸõҲļһǧӣΪ
ӯӯȻףߣǿڵӣǸ˰
Ȱǲ˰Сģǻһֱ㣬ʹҲϧ
ƨҪС㣡
ѽˣߣ
ӯӯո˵꣬·̷ˣеĿ־ȫԺ󣬷׷׷ŭ
ߺĿӯӯû뵽Ůӵһǿ򵥵ļ仰ͽǵʿˡ
ӯӯͷߺĿӭߺǲĿ⣬Ŀԣӯӯɫ΢һµͷֿɰСԴƵĿŸߺ
еðĽȴ˿ڸǲסǿɰɫõøߺе˵ĸоָоߺ˾ͽ̵ϸܹ
΢΢ļȴƽоֻɶԷڣʲô鶼ںĸо
ȿȡ
ߺװ˲ͬԭǰ䣬عͷŬʹԼ纮߰ɣҲϣʱ˷ѵ⣡
ϣߺͷҲصȥӯӯȻҲ˸ߺͬһۣ֤Լλˡ

ߺһ˼ǰУȴС֣ڸߺҴ⡣
мֲǿޣ֩룬ӣߣӡ
һµĵطеĶко綾һֻССӣڳʱ󣬱ɾ綾֮
ʱһ֪ʱȱһһʻ
ߺԶǣһ˻ţһ˾Ե޹ʵĵȻ𽥱ڣɫ촽Ҳ̼ͬһڣֻͬһޡ
˵Ľһֻֻ׵򼣬Ȼɭ˳ȥ
ߺͷƤըˣȫһķ飬򼣬һҧʮûнҩɡ
ǺߣǿѹסѰҽҩҲֻк֮ϲſõ
ԽԽ࣬ĸˣʮʮҵĸϳڻʣʮ
ӯӯɫҲԽԽϾҲԽԽ
Ѿ׼ҵĸɣЩɶ׼ҵм
֪˶ãӯӯҲҪɥʧĵʱǰȻһ
ɫ磬չǰϤ硣
ɫС񻶿質һڸߺǰô
ĵشҩʢԴ


98 Ĳɼ
ͻľе˶ɵ³һȫʧȥ㣬ȫ̱ڵϡ
˰죬Ѿľ㱹ˣߺ
һ·ֱ̫Σˣǿߺľս߹ģûһ̸ҷ
ߺĿһľС
죬ߺľ񼫶ȼУľԱе紵ݶ̽Ʊǳ׶ᡣ
˵ûжˣжҲ̱ˡ
֮ڣߺϵͷűƣ֮ҲƵͷţڣߺѾƣˡ
ߺ齥ԣܵһеĶҲĶʧ
ʵҲûʲô˶Ϣ˭ûжľٽ̸¡

ߺʱʱѾһʱˣɫܵ˶˯Ů򲻼Ӱ
ȺмһС񣬾ȻǷɫġ
ߺɿЦ϶ǾڵӵˣӯӯȻ׼Ҽ֮Ů׼С廹ûвðֺö
ҲֻǿŵӣõŽͻóͻŹ׵һɣ
ߺҲдָȴϣͬҲûнָӦҲͬߺһ˰ɡ
ϾԸߺ˵Ϊָ޵鷳ġ
ߺһСʱϢָҲˣߺ
ֵģӬҲ𽥵ĻԾˣϵڿз裬ΣҲҿߺԡ
ߺһĺȴֻڸߺΧԲһ׵ķΧڣ۶ɢ
˸ߺõطΧȻǺȣܶ˲ϵϣӬɧŵĹǺеǵ˸ܵĽӴ
ʱĲмȥˣеһٴʱɫ΢΢ʱ̫û
ߺʼеϰһߵľʯϰߺʱֻҪû¶Ҫϰ
ҲΪ˾콫һԲþͻƶʱߺͿԵﻯصľˡ
˶ףǸʱ򣬻µĹߺˣߺһ㣬ܱصʵ
ߺʱе˶ˣһ͡
ڵʳˮѾʣ಻ˣҲֻάֶˡ
ǳʱʳˮ٣㹻άµˣЩʳȫЩš
󲿷ִʳУǴŵʳȻҲȾ˶˭ҳԣ
ھڵ̶ֳȣҺʣˣֻҪôɽʳþͿˡ
Ȼߺ⣬ǸŴָǸڵĵҲᵣʳ⡣
ߺĽָУڳǰ͹һЩƷ
ķı·ʳˮȻ𽣺һЩؼҲȫ棬ЩҲֻռһСֵĿռ䡣
ߺһЩߺʱסƵ˳
Ծױ磬øߺòΪࡣ
ŮŮʹҲĲϰߣôΣյĵطȻױ磬ֻһøߺ岻ѡ
Ǹϰߣߺû˵ʲôֻǶż΢΢ĵ˵㣬Ȼǰȥ
̫ʹûжݣҲݵģԼ˻üǰС
һߺоеŨ֮ؿҪˡ
Ҳ·ʱ׷Ĵϣҵҩ
ףѿݣǿ䵤ҪϣʱӯӯȻһܵһ֮£̾
ѿݣʮֵСɣҲʮֵĴѳɣֻм׵Ĵϸϱ磬۶ϣҲǺγɵģ
ѿ֮ںдһ߷֮󣬿ɿΪ
ѿһһǳˣԽϣѿ֮ڵԽ࣬ЧҲԽãǿ䵤ıر֮һ
ӯӯǰѿݣݵģʮֵѵˡ
ӯӯӱȡһȻСѿһִӱóһŵ档
ߺ˵ͷӯӯĲҩֻǵʱܲװҲȫ
ѿΪݣܴҲκε𻵣Ȼȫʧ
μȷԼѾڲӯӯԷֿѰݡ
Щ복򣬺һȫɢ׷ͬķȥѰҩ
⣬֥һǶʮݵģ
ֹѪݣôֹѪݣʮ꣡

ҩʵ̫ˣܸߣҩҲѵһߺŵӶ̲סֲժ
һʱ䣬ڲʼе˶Ѱϡеݣǽ˷Ĳɼ޲Ƥһ


99 Ĳ
ɽҰҩԻ˵۾ģǾҲʧ
ȫͷѰҩһõҩ˷ܵĴСеġ˭
ղֻǰͲסеľȣԳһˡ
Ҫ֪ɽصҩʹ˵ֹѪݣҲʮһ꣬ʮ
οЩϡҩֻһͿǧҲΪʲô׼ðôҲҪԵˡ
ոӯӯڵݵѿݣǰ˰ӣķӣǧҲϧ
ϾЩϡݲǰײˣܱضǣԵܹѰҵҲû١
ߺҲЩϡҩ֮һߺһӶҪҩˣǲҩġ
Ȼѹס𣬵ȴ޷ƻ𣬼ʹΪ˿ԿƻҲƽһ졣
ԣͲȫ˼ŵҩˣǸ˷ʱ䡣
ȻҩǸԺҩְЩҩûãøְ
˵ʹò׼һһЩУΪҪԴ֮һ
οЩҩܷӳЧֱӷЧá
ߺ̫ãôѰҶҲһȽϡݣЩͼĵҵ˲١
ڿݸߺһɶŹСҲǿⲻǣȻ˵еģ
ߺڵͷȫµ͵ģϸĿϵĲݣÿһݣÿһϸ鿴ÿһζʧ
ڵĸߺǷһ仰·ǮԿǰ
ڸߺͷ͵ĸƵģһϡݵëûⲻòøߺץ
Լı֣ҲԵ
ߺԳһ£ͦͦӣʱߺԼᱳʹġ
һ޷ףΪҰߺЦһ£ԶȥҪһڲ
ߺȻһʱˣǻûĿɽȵɫأֻǵͷǮͷǰˡ
̧ȥֻɽҰĳŲͬĻݣʽĶС
ǻʱȣǻޣŬˣĵطȥ
ٿЩˣ⣬˶èһȺڲݴŴλһ㣬ǰ׼ҵһ
ֻԼͷڲݴУͲ̧ͷһۣеľ˲ݴС
˵ҵһϡҩǮ㹻ȫʮĿˣһô̫нġ
һͿ׼ңȥѰԼˣ
²ֹڳе׼߶ôģЩϳ߶ôġ
ЩŵŬѰݵԭ͸ˣЩõҩɹԼΪЩԼûõҩɹ׸ţŹ׶ȣ߶һǮƣԼʵĶ
УֻʵǿˣŻи˵Ȩܸʵ۷塣
Ȼߺոǵ뷨Ȼһ˼ȴͬġ
ߺ˿ǣ΢΢һЦЦݱͬǰǰˬʣǸ̰Сģˣ˿̸ߺľ˿ڵˮľԽԽˡ
ߺ˿طľɫĿʮֵĳܣֻҪ΢΢һͷӿȥˢ˵塣
ߺţһƽ˴һ룬ãĸҲʵĸ
ȷ˵Ǵ½½еˮ˵ĸ
ͬߵĸ˵ûǾ൱ûˮһ¡
ûˮû᲻ڣǽߣƽˡ
Ҳ⣬׳һ˰ˡ
ʹ߸ǿ󣬸Ըı˵ʣʹ֮ĸ
ͬƵˣһŨĵطһϡĵط϶ǰߵȺߵһЩ
ʧ֪ǸڶӻߣȻٶûǰ߿죬ǿӦȴǰߺ˺ܶࡣ
ͬȺУľԻǰߡ
ߺĿⲻϵɨܣȻ۽ƲһֵһСݡ
ԽʮףһɫľھչżƬҶӣҶӳΣɫҲɫ
ֲ泤һСƬɫȫǳɫģǻ֮
ǹ죬ܷԲ׾仨⡣
ԭҲ˴ӾԶĵط߹ֻǶ̫ڲݴѰңûп껨Ĵڡ
ĻߺɫȻÿϲ
һ˲ͳݵǰ棬־Ҫժɾʱһŭˡ
ˣܹȥеѣЩ׼ȫ˫˿˿Ѫָ˳
ЩͻԹȥˣЩصҲ˫ģһɲǰľˡ


100 
ннУлƨ㿴ոҪѼӣַˡߺ㽫ĻϢĲơ
û뵽ûԼõ껨ʱһ޺еˡ
ߺ׽ΪӸոǺƿԸоһֻǿޡ
ǣΪʲôԼûأߺ֣ǸոԼԭԼѾ̧ͷ˰
ûлԹȥӯӯصߣֻǶĤ𣬵ǲ޴󰭣ҲûлԹȥ
е˶ߺΪģֻΪ޺ǴӸߺⷢġ
ߺεİ˰֣˼ǿҸʲôҽеİ
ڿߺͬʱҲ׷׿˸ߺߵĻʱ۷ŹĿš
ȻǸߺҵģҲͲ˵ʲôˣʹ׼ҵ˵ʲôȻĻ
ϾݿǸߺȿģߺ׼ңһߺǻû
ܹһϵߵˣǿǵģãҲҪܰ
ߺ΢΢̾Ϣˣ֪֪˰ɣĻǿõģʱһȥͷþͺˡ
ĻһֿݣĻʳɫӦаˡ
ĽһɫĻȻٹ꣬ͻɫɫİɫ߰ɫĻ
߰ʱ֮û˲ժɫĻͻѸٿݽߣӡ
ЩӶѹӢƵģʮֵᣬһͻƮɢȻڵϣѿ
ԭĻͻκá
ԣĻһԴԵġ
ĻһƬܹ꣬ʹ˵ľʱȫȫĲѧ磬°빦ôһ꣬Ϳӡ

ⶼص㣬صǣֻ֪ʲôطǿޡ
ߺעܣվԱߵС˵֣ղŵĽӦһһﰡӦúһ׺Ϊʲôǿأ
Ǹߺ˶صĿܣ쳣
ŵȻվǰˣǵҲҪְ𣬱Щ׼˵İȫ
ߺ࣬ȷһǸ׺µļһ׸ߣţװɣ
ȻݴԲϵĶߺ񣬽˽еıȫȴ޵ĵ
ৡ
ݴԷֿˣһֻССԴ̽ͷֻӤȭͷС
ҲӲݴ˳һֻСʨӹСޡ
ֻȫѩףֻ۾ԲԲģǸСɵıӣʮֵĿɰңһţֻĿȮݣĶƽƽģûκι
ѩ׵Сͷ­ϣͷѩ׵ëըƤëڿ¸Ƕͷ֮ϣһֻɫĽ˸˸Źâ
ߺ˲ʯҲĵĿŸߺ׺ֲҾ޴ޱȵޣûɣ
ͨ⼸ĽӴ鷢ֻ֣Ҫߺԣ˵ߺĵߣߺƢҲǲģûЩϵԴ
ңƽʱʱ򣬸ߺҲʮֵºͣͱ˵ˡ
ΪһţȻôºͣ˺ټ
ۣÿɰŮһԿɰĶߣȻ֪
ס֣Զ㣡ߺȴʯзӦʱӯӯֻʨӹһ޲һ֮ңֻҪ־ܱˡ
ߺȫһ飬ӯӯͿ
ʲôطڲһµ޸޷棬ͱ߽ʳˡ
ֻƿɰܹ϶ôļ򵥣ﻹСΪ
Ǹߺû뵽ԼʱӯӯȻȥһĻøߺŵû겻塣
ߺԼʵˣӰתӯӯǰȻֳһߺ
ԭĸߺȴŤֱʧڿС
ߺһ§סӯӯӰʩչϾǼһ˵Ӱ޷ʩչľƾԭصĻӰŤģƸղǰʵ
ߺ˸ոն㿪һĹâ䵽ǵĻӰϡ
һž𣬻ӰȻƬȻʧڿС
ǵâӰ֮󣬴ž֮һ¶˸ߺľǿ֮˲ȼ
ǵĹâһֱʮľʮľһ⣬׷ȼ
ףߺųһ亹
ףһʮֺޣԴв׵磬Թˣǿޱȡ
ھһ޵ʵԵﾪ˵Ķڡ
ʵĹڵ׿׻κһֻһޣһʮǿޡ
Ͼ׵磬ڸԪڹǿһ࣬һӴ󲿷ֵķסֻӲ
Ӳÿһ
ڵסϵⲻ˵ġ


101 
𡭡
һУֻСɿɰ˲ŭˣſ죬ŭһȦĿɢȥ
ӯӯ˲ɷףû뵽ôһֻɰޣȻֻʵǿޡ
ϮߺȻߵһЩȻǶԸߺӰ쵹ǲ
Щ߿ɾͲˣӯӯͷһԺۿҪԹȥˡ
ͻȻһ˿ӣ˳ľ˫ȥˬϢо̹ޱȣҲ˺ܶࡣ
عͷߺߺֻ΢΢һЦͼ޵һһ
ոոߺ㱣֪Ϊʵ̫͵ֲס޵ŭӯӯǿĳ

ȻҲֻ޾ѶԸޣ׷أս˸ԵıĶ޵һһ
ֻֻ޵ŭУۿɼٶ˲䱩ǣһʨӹС˲һֻһף׵ľ޴ޡ
ǿɰĿҲĿ
ֻ۾Сϸ˸޵ĹâֻڶıǿвϵƺԼķŭ
͹ϳչţ󺮹⡣
ͷǿŶǣóף棬׹ž졣
𡭡
֮ߺʵһʱ޶
ȴߣҲȫȥ˳󣡡ߺָ׼ˣһƮڵ˵
һһ׳ڵʵʵ䲻ϵǱ죬ǽ
ߺ֪ͷʵʲô׶ΣֻߣԼ취ѡ
˵ԸߺṦʹͷ޵Ķֻ֣Ҫͷ޵ʵһ۷壬Ҳа취ѡ
ڲɼ˺ܳʱˣȻϡûвɵĶ٣ֻһشͨҩ㹻׼׬һСʵˡ
ӯӯ󣬼ᶨ˵Ҫһ𣡡
ߺޱȣӯӯ˵ֻҪͷʵ̫ǿҾа취ӵڣǾ͵ȫ
ӯӯĬһĿ˸ߺһۣ󷢺ʩ˳󣡡ȻֻعͷԸߺһģ
ȻͷҲصȥ۽ŵˮߺûпӯӯͷʱȫľȫϡ
ʱǰߺɣҲ˸ߺķԣڵӵ
Ҳǳȥɣ
ߺĿһۣû˵ʲô
齥ʧڸߺͷһҪܣŭһ׾գۼ
ߺֻǰһһֻƴķצӣƿԼͷ­
ɽ
ߺæƣֻצӭȥ
䡭
ܼȥγһ쫷磬ߺվĵط˲˼޴ѷ죬ӡ
ߺһצĵȥײľͣǸߺ嵹ǲôۡ
Ǹոյ޵һצʹһ˿Ƴϣ˿˿Ѫ
ߺȻû뵽޵Ȼôǿ׵֮жǿߺˡ
УҲܹޣֻ˵޵׵֮ʮֵǿԵֵǲû˵޵жǿ
֮Ǹжǿ󣬸ߺ޷Ҳ
ԶߺԷһצɣҲһ֪ߺˣһ۷֪µֱˡ
޲ʵÿһǿģߺˣ޵һŤԭʧһֳָ̳ߺǰ
ͷ죬ֻݺݵߺͷ­ҧȥǷеնһ㡣
ߺ˿ɣҧͷ­˲䱻ҧ
ν
ߺĳѸٳʣһĽڽϸŶɽơ
ﬡ
һĽâһǿ˷ȥ
ļס޵ֻð˿˿޵ֻ𱡱ĺ
ǣߺĳûа޵ֻеⲻòøߺ̾޵̫Ӳˡ
ڸߺİνƻʮֵǿͨ¼ܿһȱû뵽ԷϾȻһ㷴ӦûС
ΨһķӦڸߺĽƣǺƣ֮˱
໡
޲ҽһǺʵ̫ˣоԼƺҪˣ˫צʹҵߺȥ
޵ߺǳˣﻹ֮Ӳ
һݵĺɱ飬ߺӰҲʧԭأں󷽰״
ɽ
޲ע⣬ߺʹ˺ɽһͬɽһִĺӸߺѹȥ
ʲôɽԣǱɽ䰡һԱߺĺɽȵ˵ġ
ҪǷɽһ޴ҲǻҪ֮Σˡ
ÿһ߶һЩصŶ
ǽɽһΣѶȻǺܴģĿǰ˵ģ
Ҫ֪ʵ뻯ص߿⣬ֲܣ
ҪɽһΣҸߺıɽֱΩΩФÿһÿһϸ΢Ĳλɽ޼
䡭
ɽɢĺʹˣ޵ٶȱһ࣬ûɹܣݺݵıɽѹ档
޵һĺͷ­Ȼ̧ͷ
ɽʵ̫ˣ޵ޱȵǿᣬǱɽɲסһѹȥ
޵Ҫ챻ѹſˣֻҪ޵屻ѹȥɻΪһһߺʤˣ
ǣߺĿȴʼأȸղŸˣΪ˵һͷ׵磬ڸߺҲûٿͷһ׵磡
޻ôױ仰ߺţ


102 
𡭡
治ߺϣͷŭһϵİëըͷ֧ɢɫĹâ
ž
͵ذͷһɫĽϷ
ǵֻһ˲䣬ͽĿɷĩƮɢڿС
ɽȥ
̡
ɽҵײǵĴ͸ʵ̫ǿˣֻǽӴһ˲䣬һ̣ɽ˲޵ͷϱƬƬи
ž
޿ͷųһ磬Щһ˲仯ΪмƮУ΢紵ͬѩһ㡣
ɫʮǴ˿̵ĸߺȴϾͷ羰
ոޱһ˲ңߺĲвֻѾﵽ˻ص۷壬ֻһǻصΪ
⻹ԪĲڼǴ͸ƻױȵ磬ʵ໯صߡ
ʱȵȣ޲ͬ
ԭʼͨҰ޽ģ̳ǿǿŵ㣬ͬʱΪǲǴޣ޲ֹʮ
ǵĴڣҲǻۣھȻһеߵֲͬǸһ֡Ԫ
޵׵粢ǴãԪģϵ׵磬µһͷ׵ʱߺɥȪˡ
֪޵ʵߺȣߣ޴ǿˣԶֿģɣ
˵꣬ߺĳһƣһɽ޷ѹȥ
ղű޵ƸŴˣߺѲŻعȻɿĳ֮ȥ
ߺˣһ޻ɽţһĻǰ
һ̽Ļ𣬷ָ֮УȻȫʹӰɣһȥ
һжѹɽµ޿УߺĻժµʱֻ˲䱩ŭˣֻɫȻѪɫſ񱩵顣
ԭ޾ػĻޣĻ֮һֱȴ
ʮ꣬ĻһˣոҲǸߺҪժȡġ
ֻҪٹһǶĻȫһĻˣʱֻҪ֮£Ϳɳһ׺ھˡ
һоͱߺˣԼ裬Ļȡˡ
𡭡
вֹһɽһлƵڿУɽ˲ʧڿУЩǿȫֽˣûлɱм
ߺ˺߲ϱӿǰȥ
޳ֵʱ򣬸ߺע⵽ֻ޵۲ϵĻƳʶֻ޺пػĻޡ
ԼոѾ¶ԼͼֻǲŹģԸɴһݣ߽Ļժ¡
ժժһ֣׬ˣܲˣ
ͬʱߺ֧飬ſԾʩչԼȫʵȻԼʵ޻˺ܶ࣬Ҫһ
ߺǰ񱼣ߵӰ棬ߺѾӰʩչ˼¡
ߺ죬ȴ׷ᣬʼձ̡
޵ıٶȱͲһϵˣߺӰȻ죬վûнӰ£Ի޷һʱƲ

ߺеģڸߺѾоԼеʣ˲һ룬˰ʱˡ
ӰȻ죬ʮޣͬһɫڵϷɱ׷ᡣ
ģߺЩ֧ˣʱһһʮҪܳˡ
бܣߺĵģмЩﲻһ֮ң
һΣ㱻һ߳СҧСڰȫ̹⣬ͷɫġ
ȻߺӦ죬һ±ƣߵٶȣȻԱһ㣬ſ
ջǱߵĶҺ絽½ǣ½˲ͱҺڵǸߺۣҲжˡ
ߺжȻѾƣȴı
ֻ޺֪жƵģ׷׶ȥˣ֮ĽʽһֻҪУ·ԷǲᱻģǸʳռǸޡ
£ߺٶ죬ǲĶøߺʱʱͣһ·ǳ׷ϱһһأ
ԣߺ޵ľڲϵ̣ߺ಻ףǿ񱩵Ƹߺܵһ
뻹ڲϵתۼֽס
ʱߺǰȻһĨɫߺһϲ
УܿɫֲǾ֤治Զˡ
ֻҪôԼٶȾͻõʱŬ˦޾Ͳˣ
ߺڿϣﲻŲЩˣҲûעܵΣ
ڸߺҪʱҽźȻ³ȥߺæŬţôʹߺֻԽԽ޷֮γ
ߺһԼƫƫĲǶ޴ڣƽһ
Щ̺ͬſԵĶأЩֻҪմͻȫ
ʹߣҲȫֿⶾء
ڸߺ뼸˳˵ķͬԲδӯӯˣҲûܹȸߺΣ֮С
ǣһŰɫӰӳڸߺǰӰӵò󣬸ߺëȻͷںһֱ׷ޡ


103 ǭ¿
ߺĺëըˣͷƤһķ飬ﲻסĿЦҪˣôؼʱ̣֣ѲҸߺҪɥڴ
ʱߺȻһͷ
ûǱԼԽµŶɱٳ
ʱҲ˲ˣֻҽˡ
ߺûбƣϾı̫ڼӲ뺮䣬ߺֻҪЩסʹ֮ôճͺˡ
ϣڸߺð˿˿ܵһ̣ᡣеˮ붾ȫˡ
ء
ߺȴаγγ֮ĸߺ˲ʩչӰΣǸط
ߺոն㿪һɫ˲ĸط
ž
ߺµĲӰɲǱķɻʧڿУȥ
ֱð̣סıҲ˲ֽ⣬Żˮ֣Ǹط˲˺ںɫʣ඾ɫ
ߺһ£ղĶһôԼӦѾΪһ߽ʬˡ
ͬʱߺҲңԼ㲻ֻ̫һߴСȻĻߺͲɹˡ
ֻȫݽȥʹǱϣûʹ
޵׵ͷ֮ǰҪ۵Ķʱͷϵֻǻᷢɫ޵⣬Ȼָŵˣͷų硣
Ըߺ󿴵ΣԥĶ㿪ˣȻĻԸߺڵṦΪ޷ٶȡ
ৡ
ߺҲжˣٳʲôߺһҲʣ˰ˡ
Ըߺԥ֮ȥӰʩչ֮ǰȥߺıߵӰߺĶһ޶
ž
׵ߺǰǸߺϣߺ˲ͣסˣȻʧڿС
罫ߺֽ󣬼ȥ
䡭
ĻݹľȻȼһ𣬶ð˲ɫ̡Щֲкжصԭ
ЩжģʲôͲö֪ˡ
צͷԴ͸¶ɻ
ǿǻûǿ˲佫һ˵ֽĵزߺȻڽӴһ˲ʧˣЩ˼ɡ
һ̣ʲô
ߺӰСʱ򣬺ߵӰûоʹɢȥǱٶȣ֮
ոҲûע⣬ٿеɻŨ˲ͱɫ棬Ľֿʼ硣
ߺûǰǵӰҲǸߺǸߺĻӰߺıںĻӰ֮С
޵лǰߺӰϴһޣӰʧӰǰС
޲ϵͷ磬ߺĻӰƣûһǸߺı塣
ھʣһӰʱ䣬ߺӰͳ޵ǰ
ν
ߺǰʩչν޵ĺȥ
̹ǣˣһźĽڿУֱֱ޵ĺ
𡭡
޴һԴѸٵ£Ҳߺһ
ϣ
һ𣬳ɢȥϸһľ׷ױɳۣϳ˵ơ
ӰҲ˲ȥߺֻһ飬Ȼ㱻ɷ֮еıҸߺĻڱˣ˿ѪȾˡ
Ҳܣһķֱ֮С
ضɽҡ
ߺһĳĿȴǰޣǺء
䡭
Ĵ˲䱻ߺһͺ񱻷Ƶģʱʮֵϸ塣
ߺҲһγɵķ֮ڿֹסԼ壬޷ȥĺɲٽȥһΡ
ѾŻˣ̹ڻ治ӣһЩѾ׷״ӻڸߺһƬȥֻû
ν
ߺڰգеĳΣĽڿУĽԽ֮״ǻ޷ȥ
͡
𣬽ʵĿ޵ϣѪӡ̳޵ϡ
޵ʵ̫ˣȻɹĿϣȴûиԷ˺ͷû˵
ĵʹȴ޸ӵķͷϵĽⲻסһСڿУ˷ȥ
䡭
ڶȻûϼε׳ʤڶ࣬Լмʮ磬Щ׷ͬĵط
Щľϣ˲ͱȻȻЩϣڵ̳һһָϸ׵ĽڵĶ
мֱߺʩչӰȻˡ
ٶȷǳĿ죬գۼߺףȻߺȴվ΢΢̧֣Ȼһˡ
Ҫߺϵʱһ泤һ׵ɫܳڸߺϣǼ׷׵ס
ǸߺûùܣǸߺĳɱγɵıܣʮּӲټûǰôǼ绹׷ױˡ
ߺƻڵĵطŲһֱסߺ磬ǱѺۡ
ž
һ׳ߺߺ㲻˲䱻ķѡ֮ǵȻߺַ
ߺ˲Ѫģһ㽹ڵɫɢζ
Ѿû֪ˣʱòˡ
ЩĶ棬˵УͬǰѰ޼ȥ
ˢৡ
ո޿ߺڱܺԼԥþȫͷųһ磬ڵԪʣ޼
ЩԼԥýʣԪͷų磬ȻûнЩ飬ȴı˱еķ
Щжʮľ󣬱Ķ˲ͬĵط
ߺоʣһ˿κòˣ̱ڵϣһԼܣȴû
ûǱ̬壬ԼǻߵĶְʹͨĻ߶Լء


104 
ǡ
ųصĲߺȥͷɱ⾳ɱĶŸߺ
ߺŴ߷ƹޣֻղŸߺʹõ̫ˣڶе͸֧ˡ
ȻʹǱϾԼǻߣʹҲƣղսûһβʹԵЩˡ
ʱ򷢳۷İٷ֮һֻһ㱡ĺ
ֻһЩƬƬ䣬ɢһء
ߺ޲ϵԼȴ̱ڵϺް취
Ҳֻǽת֮ϣʹԼӵļ͡
ͷǳӲߺ۳ıͨҪӲЧǲġ
ڵĸߺҲֻôˣвɣ
붯ȫѾþվûˡ
ոѾеˣʱṦѽʣ޼־ôҵսڸߺȫǴ׸
ûκǣߵߺǰ̧ץߺȥֻһץûпʼʱǰˡ
ôʱıսԪҲĵʮء
ʵ뻯ص߱⣬ǱϾǸ׶εΪ
ң໯ӵе壬뻯Ժܿ۳
սʮּѵģߺǻߣֻ
ء
û漣ĳ֣ߺ˳ıˡ
ߺ˲䱻ķɳȥݺݵԱߵһŴϡ
ǿô״ϸߺһײۣߺصˤ˵ϡ
ֻһץߺһϾĵѪۣɼǣѪĴ˿
ߺֻͬһǧʯݺݵϣſ۵һѪ
ߺֻȫĹͷɢˣҵʹøߺʡ
ʹ֮лһ˿ĸо
ΣҲôɣ˻оߺε뵽
ߺûз֣ѪУЩ縲֮ʣһץ޴֮ѹ˳
˸ߺ˿˲ͱɺɫ
ûиߺϢĻᣬֳŸߺһġ
ߺͬɳһ㣬һᱻĵ˰գһᱻĵԶ
ܵ˵޴ĺ˷ܣϴģͬһֻҵߵСһ㡣
ȻһжڸߺеĿʵڵ۵ĸƵġ
޺޵ˣǳѸߺֱ˺ˡ
κΣߺʵ̫ˣôʹ޷ߺ˺顣
Ҳ½Եʣ۷ʱڣߺ徭סʮצ
ߺҲǿʹಢţǱ޴ʹ̣ȴ޷ֹסʹһ˿ˬĸо
ûһצߺ޴˺ڸߺһ㱡ĺɫʡ
ߺͷѾЩγˣʧѪ¡
ڸߺֹѪֹϵÿһ˿ҲϵѪ
ҿߺں˱ƣȻĵס޵ķ񹥻
ڵĹȻ۷Ķٷ֮һҲߺܵˡ

ߺоԼʱƺڡ桱ˣſǺĴϢ
ʵ̫ˣôʹߺƺƤƵģôҲ˺顣
Ҳʶȥǰ취ԴϢһɱߺ
˵ڸߺȫѪģгûˣŸߺܻظ
ȻΪޣֻһھͻ򵥵˼ˣޣ⣬Ȼһֱߺġ
ȴʧˣߺûݴͣ׼ͻ
ߺҲǷһˣͻƳɹһʧܣǵѵʱˡ
ͣˣϽͻƲȻһˣָüĥˣߺа̾
ߺתʣԼƤˢȥϴ̼Ÿߺÿһϸ
ϵϸ·Ƶģͬһֻֻǣſе
ڸߺ֮⣬ߺӿڸߺϷγһ޴С
ôĶߺڰģ᲻޾ѣǹһߺԼˡ
ֻҲ̫ˣͶҲſǺ˯ʱʱ죬һĿˮ
ߺգһﲻῼôԼذɣ̫Σˡ
޵һߺе
ɲΪ޵Ŀ֮ʳһ͡
ߺʱ䲻ĶھһԲѾܽˡ
ҲǸߺ˾Բôġ
ߺѵʱֱǲԼ˿ѵܳܵһ
Ǹߺպָĥ𣬸ߺˡ
˵ٶȽȥߺһϲܽס
û뵽ıޱһΣеЩȫ⡣
ټǰЩøߺʶʸ
ڸߺϵƺأϵ˺Ҳܵ˺صˣˡ
ʱƣߺס
һʱ󣬸ߺɹһ״Բ
ʱ򣬸ߺѾжˣûܣǼտе
ҪһҪв̼ԼԼ쵽
ᣬ֪ȵʲôʱˡ
ߺڵʹһĳ̶ȣڸߺϵУߺɳ
ʱɫߺҲڹؼʱ
޷һʵ˫ۣȻԲ˫ۣߺϷľ󾪴ˡ
Ȼ޲֪ߺʲô֪϶ʲô¡
ôʱϢȻָ˲٣ٶȱȸղſ屶
Լߺ󼱣ȫϸſе
޾ߺһɵʱ򣬸ߺþȫ˻ƵĴһƣ
壡
ߺһ죬ȫϸʼ׳СˣԭһЩ
ߺ׳һȦȫ£
ɣ


105 Ӷ
䡭
ԱƸٶȥƮεεѪڿУе쳣졣
ߺԭأֳȭǰ
ؼʱ̣ߺͻˣӿȥߺߺֻһ
ߺ˸˸ĺ⣬Ө͸Ե쳣ͣղ޸ɵƣЩԵĻָ
ߺ쿪˫ۣһŶǿ
һֱ֮𣬸Ͳһϡ
˵һһСݣôһӲ̺޷ȡ
ڸߺٿӻһµĹҲٿȻߡ
⻹ǸߺոͻƣϻƵԵʣӦһ壬ƾ뻯
״Ըֻԡ
ڸߺǧֻֿľޱȡ
ͬ幦ͻƣⴿʵ
幦ͻƣɾûôͷĺôˣҲô
ߺҲˣһЩ߶ûܽף֮£ߺƫƫˡ
ߺһȥҲöȻܸлҽͻƵף㻹ˣ
˵գߺ˫ʹʹһš
䡭
عѣҲŷͬһֻ֮ȥ
ҲʾߺԼҲߺȥצϵָҲܽջɼ

޵צӺݺݵڸߺؿڣߺؿڼ̳ĵѪ˿ڣȴû˵ͷ
ߺȻѾף޵Ҳǲ
Թ޵ǿĽҲΪʲôͬΪ಻޶ֵԭ
ߺ˿۵һĲߺҧߣһ̽ץסͷϵİɫëƤȽ£ʹ
໡
ҵʹʹ˻ҲֱֱϽȥߺץסƤëϷ֡
䡭
޺ݺݵ˵ϣ涼һ
ţߺֳȭ޵ͷ­ݺݵĴȥ
ء
һȭʵʵ޵ͷ­ϣǿȭ޲סİ
ǣߺ˷Źקס޵Ƥëּٻ裬ֻܿһӰӡ

ߺȭͷһȭȭϣ޵İڶ
ٸһλᣬ϶ǸߺӼŰ
ʮӣŴȭߺֹͣǷ˵ĻȭٶȣϲסĴϢ
޵ͷ­ͳһ̯࣬Ϳԭģˡ
ߺԸղž˲ˣĹһƬѪģˣҲ̶á
ϢһߺӽָóһŻݣзȥ
ûǴڲɼģرҩ
þǿԼӿָãǣͬʱҲһ׶ˡ
ʹô˲ݱҪָòֻǼӿָٶȶѣָĹвκδţȻݾûˡ
һͱȽϼˣȫָͿˣҪõ˲ݣԴ˲ݲܳΪϡݡ
ڸߺȫˣΣķɽߺҲ֪׻ᷢʲô£Ժԥķһûݡ
ŵ˵ڶ죬ߺŻָȫʵõʮûݡ
ߺסĸ̾ҿԼǴԻݣŴСͨԵȫɼȻҪſԻָԼȫʵ
ݵİߺֻһҹͻָ۷ˡ
ȻϵƲô׻ָģڵһҹתǻָ˲١
ߺ޵ͷ£ֻͷ׵ĽȡⶫǱȫԶһ¼
ģߺҲûӵǷŽ˽ָ֮Уŵȷһ·ԭȥ
ӯӯ˵ԭĵطôߺȥһ¡
ߺȴ̫ϣκһ˶Ϊһߣһͷʵлʵצ´
ߺӰɽпӹߵľзٵĵˡ
˰ʱ䣬ߺ㵽ĿĵأֻûκӰ
ߺ̾һˣȫˡҲǣ˭ĵĵһأ
ȵȣԣߺͻȻϸĿһֳҵĺܣԾҵս
ѲɡϮߺͷкȻðһµ뷨
ߺϸѲܣһҵĽӡսĺۼ
Ǳսˣû޵ĽӡӦϵĲޡ
ߺȻȻ뵽һʣӶߣ
˲Լǲȷˣ˳Щӡһ·ȥȴǳޱȡ
ӶߵĿ¾˶ľһȺʵǿ󣬵ȴûеµߵһߡ
пһˣҲпϰɵģǵʵÿʵǿһЩŵӵŶпȥӶߡ
ΪӶߵĺôʵ̫ˡ
Իս飬ֿԲõѰҾͿԻЩԴ
ңеʱ򻹿Բ˵µߣЩ޳顣
ϵĽŲӡսĺۼҲԽԽԣ͸ոսйսƵġ
ֹ˼ӣǰȻ֮以ײҵ
ߺһֲ򽣱ȥȫӿʱ׼ս

ӯӯһ˷ֿͰԭ·ˣһ·еشĶﶼˣߵĻǱȽϿģһ·Ҳû
һ˵ǵһ׼ҵȰӯӯϿظϡ
ӯӯҪȵߺſϻȥӯӯ̫֣Ҳûа취ֻһȡ
һͻˣͷ޵˵˴
е˶ɫأǿߺ׶༪ˡ
ӯӯľɵ㶵վǣʶҡͷŷʹޡ
ȴĿӶߣ˲Уӯӯսˡ


106 ǿ
λѣôαҪͱأѶ·ǾʹȥҴ·һߣվǰֳ
Ӷ߹ʮˣǸΪǺҲǻһصΪ
ĸߣÿһ˵Ĳ鲮֮䣬ǿԽսš
ǿģȫǻصߣϵĲǿᡣ
ֻһֱû֣ǲм֣ȻһﻹܵĻᡣ
ȫͷ棬ֻ¶һ˫۾ıҲ廨ţΨһĹͬҲ˫֮е̰
˵վһص߳۾´һеŨˡ
ֻЦһѣ¸£ȻҪˣһҷΪúѣ֤
ţʱһȻһ˼ʮֵĲ⡣
ո˵˲ÿֻæһ䣺ȻҪȵλϴˬˣֵõСǣ
仰˲ĵ˵ͷէ֣˵
ڵС椾ˮ飬ҪúõĳϣǸٺ٣ϲӲˣʱҪд㣡
ԱߵǸЦһǸ椲Ȼǹɫ㣬ҲһһˣҪˣ
ֿ˿ʣڵӣ˵һҲˣӽҪúõˬˬ˫ɣ

ӶһЦŮȫŨŨ
ӯӯһɫ࣬һǱģһǱŵġ
λŮλƮǱģЩ׼ҵҲǱŵġ
ôǺƣߣߣʣµĲǻؾǻһء
ǿɶ磬⼸һ֣ɫɱ࣬ŵɫ
ӯӯһľƽ˵λɣǸԸԼսƷȡһøǣ̧֣һ·
⿪Ѿܺˣƽ޹ʵóһ棬ðΣȡģ˭Ҳˡ
ڴʱ˿̵ΣӯӯֻôֻΪ档
ҲӯӯԼΪģʵϣȺӶ߲ûΪ򶯣ɫ˫ְɣ
Ȼ֮ǰҪ˫ɵĻǿߺٺһЦɱˣҲỨ̫αٶһ㣬ֶΪأ
תȥԺļ˵еɱŮסҪŮ˿ڣǿɲϣӰǵȤ
漸һõı飬ЦӯӯһȺȥ
߷׷ŵӣǼȥԸ׼Ҽˡ
һ󾪣г裬һ״ӳƮϸϰٶ
뽣֮˲ƴСսÿӶߵΧʮƮĽ֮Χм䡣
һӶߣСĶһ£·ɵ
䡭
Ƕ˲䱬ըߣ˲ˣɳȥڵһͬһ㡣
ֻһ£е˶ˣ־Ŀ飬һֻħһ㡣
һ¾ˣʲôҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ
齿ЦһλβʹȥʡĴ߸䣬ʹ˷ŹΣղСҲΣ
һȻһȣ˹׼̶ӵ˲Ҫĸû£ܵû̫ĹֻӶѣ
⻰ɫһ䣬˲ָֻ
Ǽʹһ˲䣬Ҳ˵Ļ߿˸֪ԼĲȷġ
ԭҲûףֻǸоԱߵвͬǵǲ˵ҲǺֻǲ²ѡ
ɫ˱仯ͷˣԼ˵ˡ
صӶ߳һǰɲΥΨΨŵŵȥ
ɫǳ״䣬һߣ
ӯӯһҲˣԷ˵ˣȻٵȥ
׼һܵʱǸոձҲԭûǻ˯ȥˡ
鶼ˣûֱֱӻ˯ȥ
߱߬ȭͷֱ죺λ飬Ǿڵλ飡˳ֻþĹֻûңֻ˻˯
һҪĻͷһ촽黹ûзǸҪˣ
漴׷ȥӯӯһ˱սˣı£Ҫ׾ٵ顣
ǣҪչӯӯˣսһ±ü
ԷЩӶǺèץϷϵϷԷ

֧еĳԷɣûг飬Լѱﻹ˵ϱӯӯˡ
Щһصߣûķһ±
Ƕȫߣ˵Сһ
һȳӯӯץȥĿӯӯǰ¡
ãһҲοûϹӯӯƯŮˡ
սľ˺Եı仯ӯӯûʲôĻ϶ȫû
ߣһѾͽӯӯ§סˣǻȵĽԼϣһĿӿͷҲӯӯ˫̽ȥ
ʱһĽâ̽ӯӯ˫ּ̱ն£ȴûѪӿҲվһˣñƸͲһˡ
һӰЩӶߵĺ֡
ߺӯӯֻ˵һˡ


107 ֵ
ղӯӯץס˲䣬Ѿˣ룬Ǿʹ˶ʧ֮ʹȥΪߺļ֣ѾҧԾ׼
ǸߺͻȻ֣ҾͻҸӯӯ˵
˭㣬ϿҹʱǸҪ˫ɵĻɫһɭ˵
ߺûһŤ˲ԭʧһֱԱߵǸص߳ȥ
˵˲мЦһ£ֻһص߾˵Ĳ񣡾Ȼ뻯ء
ֻĻû˵꣬һŶͷ­˵ϡ
ߺĽ֪ʱѾٶȳˣǰǸͷ­ûˣֱֱͦȥ
ǲϾȻûһ˿ѪѪҺڲȫ˾嶼ǱӲѪҺᡣ
ߺν̺ɽƣСǵıơ
ȻûɲСԵסģ
ߺϻ˺ߵķֱߵӯӯǰӯӯĿ֮£һѽ§סֻ۰ӯӯ§ڻУο
߿ԼһֱӣŭǸ˫УԼûŮ˾Ȼڱ˻Уֱŭա
鼸һ֪ʲôʱ𣬸ߺѾǵĹǣиߺʲô鶼⡣
ڸߺĨɱǸߵ龰ͼֲˣ𾪵Ƕ
ͱߺͷϵصߣߺȻڿȻʵ
ǿߺ漣ĴߣҪѧϰ߲Ȼһᾫʧġ
СӣٸһλᣬɱлȻҽǧУԱߵصӶ̲סˡ
һص߾ȻǷУɺ޵ǣЩˣ·𿴵ƵģΪԼΣˡ
ȻԾղŸߺǾ޵һǲΪߺʤԼˡ
ǿߺǿҲǻߣʹܹԽսҲǻصʵղֻ˴⣬ϸߺһȷ˲Żᱻɱ
ߺ˵ǲмһЦͲ˶˷С
Ǹպð˵Ļ˵ˣѡҲǧУһɱԷΪ
񣡡
Բѣ
˲ͱߺĻ̣׷Ħȭƣ׼ѵһ¸ߺ
ʦ֣ɣԱƺðɣǸ߶˫е
˫ֻĵͷվԱ߱㲻
ߺһʦֻ֣ã˵ΪӦòСɵģǴŵӡ
ǣĸŵأ֪ɽƮڵڵأĴŵĵӲɵ£ȥڵϹǲΪ
ûݸߺ룬˫ʹһصĹߺϮ
֮ңƮͬһֻһ㣬ޱȣƫƫٶ죬ֻһ˲͵˸ߺǰ
Ǻɫģһųƣһɫߺƶȥ
ߺһŤٶҲȻ٣һ¾ͽߺΧøߺ޿ɶ㡣
Ȼݺݵһգֵȴ˸գЩڸߺд˹ȥ
һӰߺıȴһ˲һߵǰ档
ν
âһͷ­֮ǰףߺѾΧˣʲôʱߵأ
Զ֪ˣֻдŨŨʣĿ
ż˷㶣ߺɱ˼µߡ
ʱǸʦܲŷӦ˲䱩ףСӣܣҾɱЩˣ
˳ţ͵һֱƶȥ
ߺ֪ԼӱˣԼɱҲˣʣǼˣӦ
ԼӦصӶ߼ˡ
ңߺЩأھڣûкɫģʹСҲûУ
ߺ˲ǰֳֽǰȥ
ƽ

ߺĽϵĵÿɫϣЩ֮󣬷׷Ƶ»˿˿ʧڿС
˶סˣΪߺĵطе
ÿһ֮ǰҪеҳƵһ¡
ְ취һпͫѰ
ߺ߱һк׾ͱߺƵˡ
һ£ȫˣ֪ߺͨţеţ׳ƼƷš
ȻƷҲǴײˣ洦ɼ
λʦҲ˹һԸߺ֮Ĩɱ
Ҳԭ֮һĨɱš
ʦ֣ոܣǽӦúܺķסȹǻ꽫һɱ
Ǹʦֳһᣬĵ˵ͷ׼С
ֻҲ̫СߺˣߺֻǶǸȤܣȱΪߺû취ˣ
ֻǸʦȳ֣ϴһһƴֻȴǸղŵʮ
Щϵڿᣬ˶ʮɫϴͬӲȴʮֹ
еʦܣɫҰףֵסˣҲ
ƽ

ߺƽ״ʧЧϾҪҲҪһƵ
ۿҪˣߺֻòֻӱܡ
Ӱе£γɵӰ
ЩʦҲϵߺߺÿһӰ顣
ߺһתֳߵӰߺҲϵĶڻӰ֮У˿ʵ
ǣʦֺȻߺĳһƣһĥ̴ĺɫöȻ֣Цߺȥ
ߺȻʧɫôĹȻܷ


108 Լ
¸¸¸¡
òϵķޱȣ֮Ż
ߺһǴ깥Ĺӵֹţпš
ʹǰǶŵõֹ֮Ҳڵڶţȫ£Ȯ
û뵽ԼȻ۵üߺڿȷǾԲ
ҲҺøߺʮֵǿû̫Ӱ죬ֻǾЩưˡ
ɽ
ߺһĳһ޴ıɽǸͷݺݵѹȥ޾ĺ
ﬡ
ɽͷݺݵײһһɾ޴ĳȥԲʮڵĿա
ҵײγ˾޴𶯣ռ䶼ƺһ㡣
ضһ£Զսļ˷׷ײĿ߿
ɽͷڲϵĹţǺϵı뼷ѹͷҪѹѶһ㡣
Ǹͷ򲻶ϵűɽ·Ҫ֮һ¡
ʱǸʦܲٿˣγɵţҪߺס
ߺһҧȸɵһ˵
ֳȻһ߸ÿһŲͬĶϸһÿһй
ǸߺĻý
ϾЩʵ̫ˣÿһôѸ٣ȥĻ϶еĻӰᱻУʱֻʣ±Լýǲˡ
ߺͷкȻһһ취
ߺߵӰ˷ͿҪʱȻͬҡҷ֦ɵĶ˹ȥ
ߺߵӰ֮ҷԴͬһߣҡҰڡ
ǸߺܾûùǧѰ
ԴӸߺɵĻӰɵڶԺ󣬸ߺҲûʩչǧѰóˡ
ߺߵӰڶʦǰΧеĽ׷ಿλȥ
ʦҲæطֻסıĻӰûеסӰУһ˸ߺʵ塣

߱׷͸ֻһһĨ̺졣
ߺ⽣ӦñµģǸߺ̻֮һӰ֮УԲŻɹ
ǻýټ٣ʵʵ٣档
Ӱпܱʵ壬ʵҲпܱɻӰ
ء
ʱߺıɽҲˣһ˷ȥ
ʦֵıȫͷˣͷҲ˲١
ߺ̾û˺ܶడ
ղŵһսߺûʹȻҲôѡ
֪ߺսʱѾ͸֧ˣڲŻָ˰ٷ֮һ޷á
ƽƵ
ͷߺſ죬Ҫߺһɵ
ȻɽǶԷĶˣߺֻʹܡ
һεɫıܴӸߺγɣǸͷֵȥ
䡭
ߺĽڽڰˣֹסϵȥ
ܲΪô޴ײǱܾȻһ˿ҲûС
ʦֲϵߺǲϵơ
ߺڲϵĺˡ
һ쫷ཻγɣͬСһܵľϣЩľ̶ϵ
ԼһˣߺнԼľԽԽԶɽɽֲ֣ȥԼʤʺС
뵽⣬ߺǰȹ˱ֹסԼ塣
ӰΣ
ߺѸٻΪߵȻʦֳȥ
ͷֲĸǻӰĸʵֻܿסͷһ׷ײȥ
Ȼֻʣ˸ߺһʵ壬ߺھʮףг衣
ν
ν
Ľ͸ʦ˲䵹ȥ٣лвŵ顣
䡭
Ȼûʦ֧ͷȻԵײڸߺϡ
ۡ
ߺһѪһĵ˵ϣȻ齥ģڵϡ

ߺʱѾϡ
ߺֻԼؿڱʲôѹƵģͷһԭӯӯͷԼؿڣ˯
ûдӯӯĺ˯ǱĿԼơ
Ȼ𶯣ӦްʵߺƲûôأϾѾǶˣټϵʱͷѾû˵֧֣½ʮࡣ
¸ߺԵԭͷϹ΢𶯡
겻ͬ壬ֻҪ΢𶯾пܱɰ׳ա
Ҳҿߺ꣬Ժӹ̻꺣Ըߺ꺣˱ԵˣޱȣҲԶѡ
ԼƲû̫⣬ֻ農ɡ
ʼӯӯǰߺӯӯʼ̬ȣûϸԷ
Է㺰ϵԼûۿԷ
ֱ죬ʱԹ˷ܵ񣬸ߺž΢΢Щ
һ·ϱһ·ϱ֤İȫ
ڸߺԷ֮ϸĹ۲Էա
û˾ͽ̵֮Ҳûб߻֮ò
ȴһ֮üһư뵣ġӦΪҵڵİɣ
뵽⣬ߺʮֵİһĨûйᡣ
Ľַŵϣϸĸš
û뵽ӯӯУոո£ӯӯ˹
ĿԣߺʮΣԼôһ
ߺ뽫ֳأӯӯᰴס˸ߺ֣ɬ˵˺Щ𣿡
ܻۡߺʹôһ䣬˲εľ档
ӯӯɫܵγѪԶ㣬
ߺ⻰Եһ㶣ȥĿɨӯӯǰĿ⣬ߺʵڲġ
֮꣡ڣǳΪߣȢΪޣߺ˵
ãһΪӯӯϲʤ
ߺ΢΢̾˿û˵ʲô


109 ׷ǣ
ߺ̫ˣ֪ӯӯߣһһ󾳽磬Ҳܵء
˵ÿһֶߺһ̬ʱѸء
ٶȾŻУð𣬹๾ð̡
ٶȣŵ½ָ
ӯӯлܱ޽ɵźðɣ
ߺҲΪӯӯãҪ֪Ŀֻļ£ȻͻƼ¡
󣬵ʱߺһģѾӣ߶Ǿ޴˺ŮԸںԼݡ
طǵ·Ҳƽ£ȻӶߵиߺڣоյĹȥˡ
һ·ϵӶҲûһǿˣߺʹӯӯһ˵ȣЩ˵ʬϵĶδġ
ӯӯʬѳĶ˸ߺʵ븶˵һɸߺС
ߺҲĽˣֱڵöָ
ϣߺϸĹ۲һеöơ
Ʋ֪ʲôģӲʮִ󣬴Լдһħ֣һ֣֣Ӧźš
ߺ㶵ĿǸħ֣˳˼
СûħֵţҿӦòСš
ǸֿԱʾĵλӦòǺܸߡ
һ˰ȫ˷ǣ׼Ҽǰѻҩ˸߲ҵĽ˸ߺˣֱһӡ׼ҵֽš
ֻ֤ŲŻ
Ȼÿһı־һԼʹҲûá
ߺӯӯ˾֮ŵһƮڣֻһ㵽ţԸߺģٶȰվͿɵ
еı־ĳϣǾ죬οЦЦסĵͷԴߺ̬Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ߺӶϴóϣ;˵
ƺϵ˲䣬ѿޱȣ˵ǾҲΪ
ϢʮֵҪӦÿԽٵŹ׶ȣصĶԸߺ˵
ȻйһӣʱĹ㼱Ҵҵ˳ȥɫǻš
ֻһĻΪ֮棬֪ϲǴ䲻ξȻôš
ߺҲʮ־棬ֻһƾȻͻ˰ٵŹ׶ȣջˡ
ٵŹ׶㹻ĵӷܶˡ
ȻŹ׶ȣߺȲˣʵڸߺѾ˳Եĳ̶ˡ
ʵõĵطȻƬĹˣڸߺеѾˣȥܲߵĹǰһ̽
ĻȻǷԼȫġ
ߺûжҪȻҲôĺ䡣
󣬸ߺҲˮԼסһ¶˵״
˲Ҫһˣ˶˵Ҳҵ㣬ԸҪչ˺¶ˡ
ְݷһ쾡ѧ󣬰жչˣڴӦǰѧ󣬱벻ţȻûˡ
һУߺͣıƬĹʵҪģҪ쵽龳硣
ģǲŹģҪʧϣߺзġ
ĵһȻɾıȡԼԼԶ
ߺҪǵԼԼΪ
Ҫ뱨Ⱦ͵龳磬Ҫ֪ľǺ龳磬Ҳ֪жٺǿأ
Ʈ֮󣬸ߺ⿴˿йڿҵĽܡ
ƹֻһ֮һǸ͹ңȴû㲩ӡ
ƹһҾ֮һ
ңһǼ壬ͬڽңƵԶ½Աġ
˵ҿƮڵȰǶűˣҪ֪Ʈڹϵĺǿûй
⻹ǸߺĲ²ѣһ㣬ЩǼҲ׷ϡ
»߸ǲңȫϣƮڵĺĵжԿǿʵ
ҿ֮ԼŲòֹ£ȻƮڳһʵͿԽ׵ġ
ڸߺʵԿƮȻ
ֻоʵ龳лһƴ
ľһӣݺݵĲڸߺֻ࣬нߺе˿ڲŻϡ
ģߺҧгݵ˵һ䣬ɵÿ˼

պ󣬸ߺٴε˺Դɽȵ棬ǸСׯƥĴ¶סϺǣȥߡ
֮ǰϺһңΪʲôҲЦֻ˵õϡ
ԭСɽѾˣֽڴӵһ߽һǸߺ
ȫõļλʦ̵ģ˵߷
ߺ峤һۣԵЩƮƮȻ
ϣӢף
һʯ̨ϣʯ̨ǿдŸߺ¼ʮ꣬һнɽ塭ȵȣ֪һȫдˡ
ıǣı񣬶ҵ֮ǰв
ߺЦԼҲ̫˲ˣȵȣǸСѾͷƬ˵ʲôҪһƵĴӢ۵๫
УŶѣɣ˭ҵĺӸϽȥ
ף˭ҪӾȥŬֲӡ
ҾҰ㣬ҲҪȵȣλСôҪӣҪһɾ
ûأҪõĺӰѾŵ̶ֳ
ʲôģյģĸСĵȡ
ȻһԼƭˣߺһĵһָһ˲Ǹϣ˲һ񣬹һˡ
һܵһ׷ߺԶ
־Ŀһ۵岻סĴ
һ̫̫һˣȻⲻǰЩǸƭƭȥӵȫҵʮͭأ
ߺգʮͭ壬ƭʮͭ嶼ƭ
̫̫һ˵Ҳ׷򣺡ôһ˵Ҳƭȥʮӣ
·ƭҵģŻһڿ㣡
ƭҼӣ

һ϶Ǳߺˣ׷׹򵹿ͷ
ǸߺˣеڳˣƭӣǶͶ̥ʮӣһ¡
͵ⶼʲô·ڿ㣬ӡ
ƭӣҲǰ֣˵ؤɣ
Щֵģһ¼ȥ޷ǳͷС͵֮ġ
дĵʲôƭӶӯƭƱɱӵǰ߹콵֮ɱ񡭡
ߺվԱߣԽɫԽڣ룺ⶼƭ˵İɣ
ЩҲ룬˵ǾԲ˵ġ
˰ҺøߺŶأȻǵҸȥ
ߺ֪ΪʲôҪˣհ


110 Ӱ
ߺε߳ڵı壬ɲЩԸߺ˵ǼֱǴݲС
˱֮ߺֱƬĹȥڸߺٶޱȣǰʱ·̣ڲһʱ㵽ˡ
ߺ֣ƬĹƺЩ仯һʼߺ뿪֮ƬĹһƬ
ߺϴιֹȥµʱ䣬εıƺ˲٣ڶѾӵǿھˡ
ߺϸ۲죬ֱڲϵչ
Ǵĺӱӿ棬Ȼγɲ㱡һγһ
ܶʼ±򲻶ϵչ
һк󣬸ߺɫһȥôط׾ͻᱻ˷֣ǵʱԼһǧٶȾͻ½ͨߵٶȶ硣
һԼĴεñ
һҪǿһ飬Ѱҵ⺮Դͷܴߣ϶ܴҲֻˡ
գߺ̧žмķصȥһ·ϱĺϵĳˢŸߺ塣
θߺǹײĲ˲ľ룬Ѿܽˡ
ߺδ㳤ޣΪ˸ߺҲ˲ٸˮ
θߺھǹײʮ岽ʱ͸оѹʼǰС
һʮĲʮʮĳʮһʮڻǱȽɵģߺʹȫ
Ųߺʹ˰˳ɵ˲ʱߺѾˣȫùƵġ
ʵߺþȫˣҸߺ˶ȫǿͣס
ߺǿһһûݳУǴǰȡĻ
ߺԥĽĻƬеһƬժȡȥĿʼվ
ǸߺѡͻƵģվǸߺʵĸǱƽƻǺɽƣҪվӴ֧š
Ļ֮󣬸ߺֻ̨һƬ飬պչٶ˺ܶ࣬
ˣߺҲڿٵĻָţĻлָá
Լһ죬ĻҩЧʧߺڵѾָһˣٶȲν졣
Ҹߺ뺮ԴͷôĽָٶȻ˲١
ߺĳվҪͻƵʮˣĻЧȻǸǵģֻһƬȻôʵ
ǸߺȫȫվԵʣĻҩЧԿô졣
ߺоһ£ٶȱѰ˽ʮֲƴҲҪԼսأ
ҩЧ̫ˣһƬҩһ죬ôƬſ졣
һЩ󣬸ߺҩ
ڶ꣬վʮһڣ꣬վ۷壬İ꣬վ۷塣
ųվߺΪҲڽڽ
һʼĻسڣ۷壬ڣ۷壬ڡ
ڸߺΪѾǻغˣò˵Ѹ٣ֻ⼸͵ּµרˡ
վ۷֮󣬸ߺʱֹͣ˷ĻרĹΪ
⼸Ϊ̫ˣЩ鸡״̬ͻƣʣƬĻȫҲʧܵĽ
Լʮ֮󣬸ߺڷ˵İĻӿߺ塣
ߺҲ߲ܣܶٺһŽܣߺ岽֮ڵĺһա
߲չֱ˲ʱǸʯױȻһ۵⣬еĺҲȻŨԴԴϵߺӿȥ
״һֱƬҩҪʱڸߺͻȻǿƣϯĹӳڴϯȥ
Ĺ֮ڵĺƴһ㣬ĵ
ֻɽھʯʱȻֹͣˣҲƲһ˿һķˣǱˡ
һɺޱȵߺǺ䣬ߺ嶼ˣһߺ֮һꡣ
ߺľᣬȻߺ麣뵤Ӷȥ
ߺЦװԼֻͻƣȻǲ֪Ķ˷ˡ
ӦǾ仰Īװȣװ
ߺҲװȣҲûϰߡֻǸոͻƣ޷ԼƣԲŽɢ
ѵԼʹ˽һǿӵߺɵİ˵λ챦磡۲ðģ͸̧Σ
ݣú˵ǲҳǲ
үҰɣ

棬ߺ˵ĻǲԴԴϵߺӿϵĶߺľ
ߺʶҲ𽥵ģǶԴȴް취ȻߺպΪãɺȻĳܷΧ
ڸߺҪԵʱĵкȻһֵڵĺߡ
뵽ߺ麣еĺҲ˹ȥʹøߺһָֻ
ߺȻǰΣԼɵġ
Ҫǵﻯ澳ҪϸĿһµʲôɵģʱһԼȻˡ
ڣе־˸ߺһθߺ׼ȫһ¡
žž߶ߺ˵ȻһŶСı顣
Ǳȫ͸ɫӨ͸Сɿɰ
תţٶȺܿ죬ϵеĺ
Щϵ֮У˱һ֣ǱҲڲϵı
ѵűǿܱģߺţԼ̺ĺ뵽Աߡ
ǣǱ񶼲ߺеĺһ޵׶һ㣬ߺñ̹ǵĺ
ߺðֻǿűŽء
ߺеĺ̫ˣҲ̫ˣǿűյԽԽٶҲࡣ
𽥼͸ҪֹͣƵġ
ҲﵽһͣҿǸʯڲͷźˣˣռ¶˲١
ߺоһᣬһͳ嵽ʯǰʯ沢ûʬ壬еֻʣһЩͷһָ
ڽָԱһɫӣһСԴԴϵͷ˹ͷĺ
ߺûȥǻɫı飬Ȼ֪һ챦ǸߺûóȻжǽָȥ
ոմָڽָƮһӰ
һ˵ģüĿʮֵ˧еһƲɣޡ
ߺĳôһ뷨ûøߺ룬ǸӰ˵ˡ
ãСѣ
ѽ
ǵӰԹԵ˵ţ㲻غ£ֻҵһӰ
¸øߺԾˣӰٶǳ߲ſ飬ѵһǳߣ
ֻҪϸɣҪ˵Щ֮ǰ趨ģڵѾˣ


111 챦
ôԷҲûʾ⣬Ⱦ䣬ǸνӰʲô
ȻǸӰһ˵һ۷ߣǺ֮һ֮ң
ʮǰ뼸ͬΪĺѰһż˵⣬ǵӰЩ㱣뵽˵¡
һȥ˽ʮˣû뵽żȴһĹǵ֮Ĺʮǿ󣡡
ʮ˵ĳʹڵͨػأȻֻ׾ѣҺõǧ״Ȼ˱
Ϊ˵Ŀʼȴ벻ʼ
Ǹһͼŵɢޱȵĺƺǵ궼ˡ
ȿֺǸͼȥû뵽ǸվǸͼ״Ҳ޷ǰˡ
ռ䶼ĺסˣ˵صĿռˣҽռӹʮϡ
ǵռʩչ˺ܶ࣬ΧҲС˺ܶࡣ

м˵Щ޷ǼḶ́ߺûϸֱ˵󣬼˾ȫͷԼ
ֱʩչƣߵʱڽǸͼ˺һǣһŻɫıɵġ
ʱ̰¶ɣΪű飬໥ɱֱʣˣһ
˻ǱԷ㣬ˣȻӵԴɽһСɽ壬ơ
û뵽꣬ԼƷǵûãս
ǱɢĻɫȻֿסǺϮ
ЩΪķ˸ӵֿסˣչػָУļ˾Ȼ˽ʬĴҧˣӱأҿ磬ȻЩɵĽʬΪ˼䣬ʱ򽫻ԼҲʹˡ
˴¶һĨˣӦЩĴˣ
ҵĻЩҲôԵ޹ˣҵǽǵ߹ֻԼļʮꡣ
ǽʬͳͳɱƬɽȵһ䣬ԼҲб佩ʬļ󣬱ںԴɽһԱܺʯͷɹײġ
Լɵ󣬱Լͷʯ֮ڡ
֮ǰӰ
ָǴżĵͼǿŻɫҲɣֻҪߣ˵⣬һ࣬ΨһҪǽҵĳɱǲд½ԬҼĵܵܣ
˵֮ӰЦһףˡʧˣ·ûгֹһ㡣
ߺǿŻɫı飬ɫ粻һ
û뵽ǿıȻһͼһǣֻһǾȻô䣬γһҪͼжǿ󡣡ߺ޷Ҳ
һűͲԼɥԼеǿű飬ȻԼ¾ͽˡ
ʯ˱ҲʲôˣΪ˺ãǸ佩γֵģǲʲô
Ӧдһߣʱˣ⺮жߺ֪ġ
ˣûȻͱ佩
оӣõȻҪģ챦ջʮִ󣬲˵ҲԬҵ챦ġ
˵˼ȻѾˣȻжȫߣһֹ˲Ǹȱɣ
ǸԬҵȷһ⣬ڲд½ô򵥵ҡ
Ϊϱ򣬶ֻһ˲ŵ㣬Դӳһ𣬾Ҳû֮
ȴǡǡ෴ǿĵǲ򣬲˲żüãǿ߱
ڲҲǶʵƾߺҪȡö飬νˡ
˵ǴĹʮ߽붼ǾһߺĿǰ
ʲôߺ֪û
Ǻʣһ߿ɽ͸ļе
ǿű飬ߺְֺޣԼʵ޵ȴһʱըһ㡣
ߺѰԬö飬ԬҺγѰö飿
ҪǸߺöϢ©ȥ¸ߺϾͻͷ
˼룬ߺҧҧΣԵ棬Ҫʧȥᣬҿұ𻹲ȵ£˵ʱ˶˵
ϸĶһ飬һŻɫԲӣĻɫǶ̬ģͬɫˮһ㣬治ס
ӵĶ޾ĺҲҿеıҲûͷţȻߺ޷֮ڡ
Ϊͷŵĺɽռ䶼סʹڣռҲޱȡ
ߺ֮ȥ˺ܴŴ顣
ڴһ˲䣬һɱ̹ǵĺ˳ŸߺߺϮȥ
ߺĽֱͬ۵ĹͷסˣǿŴ̹Ǻ⣬սָС
Ǹǻǻ㲻뷨ߺǽǿűսһöָ
Ҳʮ֮һʱ䣬ô̵ʱڣǺѾӵزˡ
һķξͻᱻˣʱ㲻Ҳֻʣ˰ˡ
һУߺ˲ǣֱеĺΪ
ߺոսأʹҩİģ鸡ȡ
ңߺҲܸɱˣΪֻѾȫˣǸߺĽգȻ־ͻ᳹׷ϵ
װööָǴӶѳģĶߺſ˿Ҳû٣ߺ֮ˡ
Ʊǲ࣬öָȴжʮŽɫֽţÿ涼һ֡
ߺ֪ǽƱ½ӵļֵӵİٱ
ָйǧ֮⣬öָлвĲҩһƤǡ
ߺȴûҵ˲δšУϿƵľ񣬸ߺʮа˾Ǵӡ
ʱƣߺֱеĺϼ٣ߺһֱеĺһҲо߾Ӱɡ

һգԴɽȽҹʼµһķ٣˸ߺڵ⴦طɼžޱȡ
ǣʱȴһжԶߺڵƬط
һȺ˴ŶǶʮңΪڻ֮䲻ȣʮˣ˵Ц߻
ãս治ӦŮϳɱеģ
磡
˺Ϊֲ˵ˣ֪ܼܲǴ˵
ǸõŮһЦҲΪһñɣŸġ˭ҪЩƵģϳɱУˣ
ǵ̸ߺѾԽԽˡ
ǿʲôһ˾ȵָǰΪԾЩ


112 أջ
ָķȥһ𺳵ľչ˵ǰ
ֵȻƬƬҶǲ̫࣬һЩľдеء
һеľƬϹͺͺģһƬҶӶûУϵҶǺĻһ㡣
ײ޾ĺͬһ㣬ŵգ˴˵еĻȪ
һЩ˼˵ϣЩ˼һ£סĴ˺
ŮӣСֻղ˵Ůӣÿǻ˵磡ʲôطǻǻȥɣ
Ҳ仰˵˵ʲôοĻɤӾͺ񱻶סһ㣬죬һ仰û˵
һӶ˶˵᲻ʲô챦϶ǲ˵ı
˻һǰһ·ԴɽȣһܹѰҵʲôΪݣôսоһ˿ϣ
תƽʮˣݵëû֡
ֻгݵģȴЩͨݡ
뷨Ŀ־Ҳ˲٣΢΢Щȣ׷׾ĿԱߵĻ顣
ȻȵĿ棬˭Ƚ롣
жйǣһ治챦һأ
ʹ챦챦һЩ߼ػģЩʵʮǿ󣬴綼ɱǡ
ǵĵҲΪϴθߺսһ㣬ֻһǼˡ
󣬻ǸŮĸȥ
ǸŮĸİο׳ŵӸ
һ˴ͷȿֺĸ˵ĺ档
һǰУŲ˵ЩҶϣɳɳҲ˽ϵ·
ŲϵǰУеĺҲ䣬ܽ˵嶳͸
Һüߣʵڵסˣתеֿ
˴һңһ·ϼ˹˺ü䣬ڣһĺȻӳ˵
ű濴ȥȻһƬסķĹ
ʣµĲˣͷʣµļ˶ǻΪ
ҲֻʣǸŮˣȫ;˳ˡ
ǰһ˵ĺëըˣһɺĵð
磬Ҫǻȥɣ

ӸһмĹһը죬ĹϵıըĴɣȥ
һӰӷĹз˫Ŀһէ̵֣ļ˶۾
۾ʱһڣƼݵġˡվڼǰ
ǸŮ̲ס
뺰ʱһֻס죺꣡С㣬һˣ㿴Ӱأ
ŮһȻ˵иӰӣ֪˴˲ǹһˡ
ĲˣȴĵȷȷǸ˵ˣﻹ֪һ֡
λǰµðֻ·˵أΪбȴǰġǰ˲С˹Ǹͷ꣬ӲͷƤ˵
˵ţ˿Ĺǻһ´ʣ˭û»ڷĹޣ
ǣ仰ո˵꣬һ󺮷紵ǵӰͳǰһֻĲϡ
ֱֻ̹ǣܵĺ˻ĻȷԷǲˡ
˶˵ĶˣΪߵȻ֪һЩܡ
һЩΪڱչʱ˴ˣͻƵĽҪͷˣɱҲڡ
Ǻܺ»ߣӸոնԷṦֻҪԷ֣⼸һҲҪӵȫ⡣
һҶ㤵ĿŶԷʱԷ˵ˣʮֵᣬȴһɳơ
˭ʲô챦
ԷʻԵһԼԷϵȻҲܵʮС
ǹϢƣ˿ͷԷֱͬǯһ㣬סԼ޷
ԿĳԷƲΪ֮ͷųġ
˵˾ʾֹͣ˲䵽⣬Į˵ʵһһˣǲһ̽ȫɱ
˵ͷû˿ԥҽ֣ΰǴ濴Ϊ챦Խ鿴ģ֪ǰڴǰĪ֣
û˵κλ˲ȥˣȻԺ«ưһˣͬ⣬˵ͬĻ
ԷشҲ޼ڷ˻ȥ
ȻǸߺ󿴵мߣΪԼ¶ˣ֣ΰ˵Ѱ챦ľ͸Сˡ
ԬҵвߺС򱶣ǱԼ©˷ߺԲ˶ˡ
⼸˵û֮ˣȻǧл
ߺ˰֣Ƕ֣ʳ֣ʲôϵʶ֣շ񣿡
֣ΰǰһ֣ҵķ֧壬֣ҵܵܣǰôʶģ
ߺ΢΢һЦǰǰĽңҵǻСҸߺɣ
Ļո˵꣬ȫһƬž׷ײĿŸߺ
֣ΰá֣С˵˵ߺӢ䲻ôôԶ
仰ȻʮСǸߺεΪԽһжս˶䡣
ߺΪЦЦں֣Ŀջķᡣ
Щ뵽ֱеĺգΪ̵ʮι̣ȸոսصʱ֪ǿ˶ٱ
ټʱ򣬸ߺĻӰ߾˲С
ڸߺѾԻûŵӰˣÿһʵޱȣΪ߾ǿߣͿ
߾ߺѾ彣ؽ
ؽǻý棬ýܻûٽֻһѽй
ؽȴͬķʽתγɽ״ǰѽ潣һ޶
еǱ˰ٱȫɱ彣ӡģ״ģСԭͬһģ˳ġ
ӡĽаٷ֮ԭʵֻһ㹻ˡ
ʩչһڶԷںսϻýͻӰɣǿǷʤˡ
ԸߺڵʵɱˣʩչؽߺʵԱ⻯ߡ
һеʱǸߺĺǻɫͷеĺ֮󣬸ߺֵõʵ
ڵĺȻǿŻɫԶԶԶﲻռĵزǿʹռеĿԷٶȼ
ңǿĿռ䷶Χзãڿ̫һЩСĹ͵˸ߺĽǰ
ʹܵߺĽǰҲᱻ١
ķΧֻзԲһɣҪǽߺڻ࿹⻹ǲ̫ˡ
뻯Ψһģǻɣغ߸ߺЩģҲסԷһʱ̡
ͬؽֻӡһ˿ӡűʱ͸޷ˡ


113 ս
ڼʱߺû֣ΰ˵ľı飬һʵ
֣ΰһı飬ߺʻʮֹΨΨŵŵ˵Ԫһµף
¡ߺĬĬţչصʱѮô˵ֻǻɫеĺһµʱ䣡
ֲ˶˵£ֻգۼȻ͹ôʱ䣬⻹ǻصΪǺߣ֪Ҫ೤ʱأ
ߺ֪ԼһǹˣԼȻʳأʮ֮ǰѳԹˡ
ڵĸߺǼꤣ̲סʵгԵ𣿡
һ㶣˭Ҳû뵽˸ղŻһɱڵӣתͷ͹ܱҪԵģⶼʲô˰
֣ô˵ԷҲԼݵż񣬾öԷôţЩŤ
֣ӱһóϸĵøߺһˮ
ϧߺ̫ˣͰȻľ׽
ȿȣڳԵ̫һСıҭˣ󻹵øл֣һˮ
˶ĿɿڴŸߺĳ̲࣬סڿˮ
֣ĵҲǴģŸߺӾͽ£֣оԼŵûˡ
ȷǸߺؤ֣ѵ˵
ôһ˵ԱɵĿŸߺ뵽ȷҪǼٵսǵзĴϢأ
ֻɣߺȴûᣬ֣ΰ֣жģҪоҲϵ㣡
֣ΰһóһһˮȫݸ˸ߺ
ݳƵһ˲䣬򱳺ʹ˸ɫ˶ĬĬĵ˵ͷֻ֣ҧ촽ûеͷ
ʹǰ˲ǸߺҲǵзҵļϸ
̫󣬳ԶʱЩɰ
Ҫǣսʱ䣬˵ʮûгԶˡ
Ҳ˵˱չʮˣͲǼϸ
֣ΰ˵СȫߺУǲûʲô춯ϵĽӹĳ
ڸߺҵʱ֣ΰһĨ֮ɫ뱳ļһͬϢȡ±Уݺݵߺزͱȥ
ϣ
ûз˱̽еֻײ
֣ΰ˲ôŬ޷ڴ羢֣ͺûͱڸƵġ
ǸߺԭһصߣڻС
ԷϢҲ̫ǿ󣬾ԲֿԽսţǵʵߺ̫Զˡ
ڸߺһָء
ǵĹԸߺҲ첻κ˺Ҳڸߺ¼ӡɲ˵˵ġ
漴ߺͷԲһڵĿᣬ˵ıҲ̶棬Ǻ˳űǵȥ
˻ģ޺⡣
Ȼɱ˸ߺǸߺȴɱǣںδϮϵʱ򣬸ߺϽջ
˼˵ֱҲͷųĺɨһ̹ǵʹдϴ޷սȫ֡
ߺջأЩɢһء
ʼգߺûͣ³Զ󣬸ߺùƴһͷ˹ˣ˸⡣
δûûεʼˣ𣿡
˵ɫѾˣңͲ֪ߺ˵ʲôҡ
ߺһûзӦ˵һ飬ʱ㷴Ӧˣ׷׹ڵؿں
ߺ⣬ɫһΪʲôҪҳ֣˵Ȼȡͷ
ɫ԰ףСĵĽ˵һ˵һ߿Ÿߺɫ
ս⣬ߺһǵĽͣսҷս𣿡
֣ΰȿֺĻش𣺡ǵģǵģ˴߾ȻĸС
˧˭ģô
ε˧֣ҼڹģôʵҲֻ֪˵ʮӴصĴСңɳ
Ϣߺһæʵ˭µģ
֣ΰæش𣺡ҹ·ָȫ֮սм壬ǻ£ϣÿɳʮǹѣǿ
֣ΰߺˮ
ûô򵥣ֻС֣ʦڣǲܵġ
Ҫ֪С֮Ĳ࣬ͺƻǿ֮ĲƵģ߸Ͳһϡ
⼸СȫĽҲһ룬Ĺıȫֻƾ֣ͳıͿԽ֮
ȫò㾡ȫı֪֣ΪıԪ˧Ч֣ҵһ룬һȴڻ˼С
Ҳ˵ֻһ룬ͿԽܵСƽ
ǣ˴ξȻڵСȣ̬أԶ󣬾ֻСô򵥡
ЩСеıʿƽΪҲأҲоεģžεĸߵͣΪ
ȻΪҲأǿľȻǻ¡
ߣЩСľУǿͳһӣΪһĴڣ껪ˣʮΪصӣǹĴڡ
ߺľţǾǶˣ˵ЩСҲһǷŵǶŵĴڡ

ߺȻ߼߼ҿ϶С
Ǹ߼ʵ嶼òĵǽЩԸ߼˵츳ӵֶ͵УǸ߼Ҽʮ󣬱ض˥ܵ¡
ʹиߺʵǿߴڣҲά״ˣҲܱסʵҵĳƺš
֪һǿԴԶǿһʵǿǿ֧š
ûмʹǿĺܣҲһ˥ܣ

ߺҪ߼ʮ˳øߺԴ츳Ժ󣬻ûоѪսϴ
Ȼߺ֮־ˣûо֮־վǲ˵ʲô
ߺˣ뼸һͬ˺Դɽȣ߼ˣԴɽ֮ȻݣΪݣͲС
ֺöںԴɽȳ֣ǺԴɽͱռˣǻֵõ˺ء
ɽУɽκιҡ
ߺڳԴɽȵ·ϣ֣Կ˵ҩǶӶָ߽ѳġ
ϾԷûԼ֣Լж
˺ԴɽȺ󣬸ߺǷֵˣߺؼһˣԼҪǰߵ¸Լĸס
˺Դɽȣߺͱ壬Լĺǣ׳ȥ
һ·ϣߺ׷ǣ˳ԷϾûеʱ䡣
һ·ϣߺҲָĲˣôƼݣڱú棬ָֻ˧ӡ


114 ؼ
󣬰׳ǵĽֵϣһ˧ڻǰУڲͣΣᳵ·ӣǵһˡ
˾Ǹߺߺһ·ۣ㵽˰׳ǣȿʼʱ֪˶ٱ
׳ɻԭӣʳǱ𣬰׳ǲ֪˶ٱ
Ƿ̶Ȼǽ׳ʳǼֱ֮
ʳǵĽֵ׳ǵĽֵխ塣
Сʱ򣬸ߺĵطǰ׳ˣʱԼǿЦе˼
ߺһ·ǰУͣ˸߸ǰ档
̧ȥڵĸ߼ҵռӴˣҸŵװҲǺ˲١
ƲϰûʣǱǰ˵ȷǺ˲١
ǰţΪصߣǰֻǻصء
߼ҷչ˲١
ƾߺʵֱǰ裬ڲԷֵ£ɵĽȥ
ǻԼ壬ֲʲôù£òܽȥ
ߺǰĽ롣
վס˰׳Ǹ߼ңλʲô£ֱӸ˵ҽȥͨʱеһߺס˵
һЩɵĿŸߺܸоߺЩ
ߺɫһ˭ߵǰס᲻˰ɣ
Ǹ߼Ҽ֮ӡߺѲɻظҲ𣿡
ԱǸûǰȻһߺղԱţȻ˵ȷǸ߼Ҽ֮ӡ
һǰӼϼߺһ档
ʱҲǸոռ߼Ҳãȥ䳡ʱ˵߼Ҽ֮һ
û뵽ߺǳŹʣ𺳵ʵ԰δԾøߺ졣
²μӣոСûϳ빫֣Ȼϳ˸ߺ˸Ͻμ
ղظߺ˵ĻҲһҲǸãûкء
ԼҲæл
ߺĴ˭˲֪ĸ
ȻûߺĿǱ֮ڹΪ
Իһأȡ˽֮ڣʵ֮ǿΪ
󣬸ߺոսŲӣؼҵϢʹ߼ң߼Ҷˡ
˵𣿼֮Ӹߺˣ
ʲôǸǰķ
꣬ǧҪ˵⻰ڿǻߣһָͷͿǡ
߼ڣÿ˶ڱ棬ߺؼҵϢڴ˸߽ɵĶ
ʲôˣ߽鷿ΪλʼҰ䲼գߺϢֱİ
СûؼˣСң߽ʮּȻӣǱϾûиȥӼӵĵԻˡ
ȥ߷˻үؼˣ鷿
ǣ߽ǰǸŵӦȥˡ

ߺ·ϣ鷿ȥһ·мҶͣͷΧ۸ߺǸߺߵģͻһƬҡ
һЩŮϵĳߺۣϣܹ͸ߺһҹ飬ͿԷ֦ͷˡ
ңʹò߼ҵϿɣֻҪܹ¸ߺ֣Ըߺ츳ĺһġ
һʹò߼ҵϿɣҲĸƾӹ
ǣעĻߺǸ
ɫǣһӯӯһ˾ͽѾˣﻹ˼Ůˡ
ңֻǳŮɫôߺԵʽ֮۷塣
ߺһ·ޱߵ鷿鷿ǼڵĵطЩ˻ҷĸһԺӣ˶һɢˡ
ߺĺһܲˣ
˶ָ̧ոţʹ߽ϵǺ𣿽ɣ
֪һԼĸԼղŵҲٷϻ˽ȥ
ֻ߽վ鷿룬΢ЦĿŸߺСӣڲû
дŵĵĻߺʼŵɫڱˣ¶˻ĵ΢Ц밲ˣ
ӹ£߽æǰȥߺ𣺡úӣͺãͺð
ղҲֻǷɧ֪ߺǿˣ졣
ټϸߺԼ˵ȷ֮ʱЩĻˣɱ˶ᱦ˼ҶЩʵǿߡ
ߺ󣬸߽ɴԼĶӣԭߺˣҲˣøӽʵˡ
ѾԼߵĶӣ߽ɲ̾㳤ˣ
ߺҲܼѹ˼飬Ŀûǡ
ߺһԼҪ߼ҳ˵Լĸ
ߺ뷨߽֣Ȼʵǿǻµģô˵˿϶лߵĴڣʵֿһص߻û⣬ǡ
˵⣬߽һ٣ήңǸ߼ڶֻǵ׵Ĵڣߣ֮⣬ֻʣһЩǱļһ
ԣ߽ĶԸߺ˵Ҹ߼ҵϣԳ£
ǸףԵǿûɵģߺ΢Ц˵ңǻһصʵأ
˵ţӸߺͷųһǿϢƺޱȣϷһ裬ոջȵأߺһͷųǲˮ˱
ž
ڲˮ˱Բ뱻ˡ
ֻһ죬ͽƾĴɵĸ߽ɾˣŸо
߽̲ס˼תڵŸоûôˡ
ŸߺϵĲˣأǻصΪ
ǴαŶ೤ʱ䣬Ȼףﵽ˵Ļء
㡭㵽˻ˣ߽һ仰˵ˣʵ̫ˡ
ΪֱԷˮһ򵥣£һһף˵ǻˣ߶ûٶȡ
ߺȫջأȻûôˣȻޱȡ
ףΪΣߺԼ׾ȵı飬΢Цʵ
߽ߺʻعһ£²ԼұҪһ£жᣡ
ߺҲ֪·ͬһ㣬Ҳֻεĵȸ
߽һʱҲˣ߽ȴˡ
ҶΪȥ䳡븸ױһΣ
ţߺ˵ͷ
鷿ĺȥߺ֪鷿Ҳһ䳡Ǽĺרı䳡ĸ߼ˣ֮˶֪⴦ڡ
ǰֻдϣϣ߽ɣ߽磬߽ʸ
ھֻи߽ɣ߽˶Ȩ롣
ߺΪ߽֮ӣȻ֪䳡ڣСʱԼĸ״ˣ
䳡ʯ죬ʯһֱȸӲٱʯͷ̫أԼ۸ҲǺܸߡ
䳡Լаɣʹ۸񲻸ߣҲӡ
ߺ߽ףԣԼơ


115 Ѫ
СˣҪˣ߽һ¸ߺȫһ㣬ֳȭݺݵߺȥ
ڴ٣ߺѾ׶սơ
ƣŰȫ߽ɿ־ǣԼϾȻԼĶӡ
ߺһͷųȫ¶ȼ½ԼƲϵıȻΪԼƣԼѹ
ֵ＾ÿķ粻ϣߺĺںϵУʹһһ
Щвϵи߽ɵƣ߽ɵƸˡ
һ߽ɾʹ죬ˡ
۸ߺ磬ɫƽƸ޷ԸߺκӰ졣
߽֪ԼѾˣߺɽʼѹ޷֮⡣
ջأ߽ɿʼߺߺԼĸջƣ֪Լ׵뷨ԽҲջڡ
׶ս˽Уȫǲʤ
һʼ߽˺ߺֻɵʵ𽥿ʼӡ
ĳɣɣɣ߳ɣ˳ɣųɣŸ߽ɵʵϵߣߺҲڲϵӡ
ߺɲ̶ˮÿ߽һɵߺʵͻ֮ӦĲ֮ϡ
ÿڸ߽ΪߺѾﵽ޵ʱȴ֣ߺһΣһƽĲ֮ϡ
ָоʮܣһֱѹŴоԼҪˣҿԷĶӣȻԼľͱˡ
ԣʹȫʵһȭӣ㡣
һȭʮִ󣬰˸߽ȫ߽һȭ뻯ص
һȭĻռ䶼ʼ΢𶯣ڵϳ˵ƣȻϸСҲ֤ȭˣ֪ǱȸҪӲٱʯ
һȭߺʮֵĴݣһƺݺݵȭͷȥ
ŰϵĶᣬڵ϶һ㱡ı
ﬡ
ȭҵײһ𣬺ƽˮһʯȥǿĳŰȥϯ䳡
Ҳǿķˣ˷׷岽
߽ɺȻĿԼĶӣ겻Ȼɳô࣬һֻصߣɳһԼߡ
츳ò̾ΪֹֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬龳ǳ¡
߽ûѡʹ似Ϊ֪ʹʹ似Ҳܻܸߺ
ߺǿƷĪĽڻĿɲΪԼѧʤߺ似Ҳǰѡ
žžžž
ʱһһӰ̨
ܣʲôʱ򵽵ģ߽ɾȵʵ
ߺֻǵһЦԴ˲⣬Ÿ߽һ񣺡ֶݼ壡
߽ЩĿ˸ߺһۣߺ𣬶Ÿ߽˵Ҫ֪ʲôʱģֱʺˣǴһ֪ˡ
𣿡߽ɺɵĿ˿ߺߺ΢Ц
ûеõȷеĴ𰸣߽ҲͲˣŸߺļο˵Ҷ츳Ҿͷˣ֮󣬾ͽ֮λΪΣ
߽ͬĵ˵ͷʮͬԼ˵Ҹ߼ҵĲţٺòˣ
ʱߺȴͻȻҡҡͷܾԲ𣬸ף壬Ҳ߼ҵļ
˿Լƽ񣬼˵ҵĿ֮۷壬Щ»ֵҵľ񣬻Ϊ̣֮۷谭
ԣҲ߼Ҽ֮λģΣҶǸ߼ҵһӣΪһЩܼµģ
ߺһ˵ȫȻλɫ
ֻǵϲû¶Ծŭı飬ʮֵƽ
󣬻Ǹ߽̾һε˵Ͳµ֮λֻû뵽ܾôĸɴ࣡
ߺЩڣֻ䣬ʹ·żҲ̫Ϊ
ߺɫ߽һࣺΪ˸е˼ѡȷģֻвκζǣĸ
ߺ⻰Ȼʣ˵Լɹ֮󣬸߼ԻԼݶߡ
ߺѾ⿪Ľˣ߽ɶԸߺˣȥݼһĸװɣҺлҪ˵
ߺһ߳˱䳡
û뵽δҶʵѾ൱ˣ߽Դο˵
Աߵĸ߽ȴ߽ͬɵ˵ҿ׻ʵ
Լã
սʱûʹȫ㿴̨µĽӡ֪ˣ
߽֮ȥһ̨ϵĽӡȻ֣Ǳֻ̨ӡԼġ
ոոߺȹĵطȴ⻬羵һ˿ƶûС
ʱ߽˹ĽӡԸ߽˵һֱѹԼʵģΪǲѿ岽
Ҳ״ҵʵɣô֪ģ
߽֮Щ˸Уղҷһ˲䣬ڵ֪ģͬҲԼԼ֪
ʲô֪еθ߽ûΪߺʵ𾪣Լܵܵ顣
߽ȷϵĵ˵ͷȴû˵ʲô˳Ĭ֮С
ã߽ɴַΧ˵
ʵ뺮츳޼ǴΣ֮λӦģ
磡Ҫ˵ˣҶԲʹɩԲףңײôȥɩΪҲͣͲǰ¡
ˣҵܵܣҪ˵Щˣ
ǣ߽˺Ѿڹȥֹס˵
ԭڸߺûʱ򣬸߼ҲôСȲʮҲڵ˾ͽԶ
ϼ߷ƸǺߣ߼ҵ֧
ʱ߽Ǽĵһţʱ˧ˣѱľʹﵽߣʼ
󣬸߽˺ȻؼңΪȻѾ˵صľ磬ĵڶ죬һߴ
߷ӭսԷһлܣҷΪʹܴ֮벽ɱ߼ţ߽ɵӣҲǸߺĸס֥Ҳӡˡ
߽ɱˣΪǰͣͲǰ
˵߽ڴʱһŮమˡ
Ůȴǲһ۹ĸ
Ҫ޸һĴ۹۹̫Ϊȴû뵽˸߽ˣǷ۹ġ
˸߼һ档
ӴԺ󣬸߼һǧɣ߷ƴŸ߼׳ǣӲдĻš
ǰ߼Ҹ߷ƺ޶գǰķԼе߽˵κãΪǿأȥˡ
һȥˣ߼ǹӲдţйóã±ǰĳ֪һնɱ

߽Խ˵Խʹ飬ڵᡣ


116 ۹Ĺ
ھ䳡Զһεطվһˣ°ѥ
Ͽһſ˧ѾŤˣ˫۳죬ȴסˣǣûгκ
˾Ǹոߵĸߺˣϵ£ûκϢͬһһ㡣
ոոߺ߽˵壬ͻȻһ˳ֱԼ̽ȥ
ߺڵĽ֮ȻԷͷųһ
Ǿ鷢ˣߺָ߽ڵȻǿ󣬵ȴرʵǷǳ鸡
ʼߺֻΪ߽£롣
ǣĸ޶˵Ľȥоһ˿ƽ᲻ʲôϮ߼Ұ
Ա͵Լĸ׺̸
û뵽͵ȴһţڸ߼ҲҵĹȥ
Լ游ߺİڼǰ
ʱ䲻кܳʱ䶼ڱչأΪ˱չأĽеȫߺĸףҲүӵĳӡ߽
Ȼʱ䲻ǺܳǸߺӡȴʮֵ̡
Ϊ߷ÿγأѽСĸߺϣͰĶСһ棬ЩʱľһЩµĹ¡
ԸߺĺãΪʱĸض̫СˣҪĸ׵ϣԸߺ͸߷ദʱ仹ǱȽϳġ
ͯĸߺʵڸ߷ϥ¶ȹģһΣ׳ǳСӰѸߺˣүŭ
ĸߺڳ˦ƣǳǴĸͷƵġ
ǰչصĴȻ࣬ߺ٣ǶԸߺ簮ûиıʹߺᶨǷʣȻˡ
ߺ̵ľڸ߷ǰһαչأߺеǰĳĶԸߺ˵һ仰
סߵǿ󲻽ϣģһŰ۲ӵ֮ġ
˵仰ߺټ游ʱѾ游ʱˡ
ʱģʮֵĿ£ĴģлŨŨĲʡ
ЩߺԷĶ֮һ游仰
뵽游Ĺȥͺ޶գߺ˫Ѿģˣ˫ȭգָѪ˳Ÿߺָ
ԭǷ۹һҪ߸ǻڲߺﰵġ
ߺ˳ȥҲǸߺĺ׽ΪסˣҲǸ̫ˡ
֮ߺߵʱ˭ûз֣ʧʹء
ߺ˱䳡֮󣬱Լĸ׵ķȥҪˣûаݼĸأղŸ׶˵̸ĸҲ츳ԱסΪ
ߺҧгˣû޹һʹǿңߺҲûк޵̶ֳȡ
ڵͺ޲ܵҵǸ֮ʬΣʹҲҪĹʬ
֪Уߺĸ׷ſڣǰվĿš
˭ﴫһ
ĸףǺˣߺ˵
֨ѽ
Ŵˣߺĸվźߺʱĸֶһư׷ĸ׵Ϊ̫ͣѾһɵİɣ
ţߺԷ۹ĺֶһ֣
ߺ˲䣬ߺĸ¶һ˿Цݣֻߺȴĸ׵п˸Ứ
ߺϥأҲѹֲסԼĸ飬ͬһСӰТĸ׵ˣ
ͷʹޣֱʮӲͣ
ߺĸ׽нһӵķˣȫǸߺСʱ򰮳Եģĸġ
һٷߺԵǲֺߺûгԵô˹˦Ӷǲ֭
ĸԱֻǲϵЦţֻߺܿļĸеĴȰ
һ٣ߺûкȾƣΪ֪ԼԼĸ׸ӵġ

һߺԱˣĸ׵ǰϵĸױһԼľ
֥侳ߺΣյʱɫţ˫ֽһ𣬽ŵš
Ȼߺûн̫Σյĸףĸ̫ġ
Ϊʹĸ׿ģߺҲһЩȤ£ĸ׶΢Цֹ
ĸʸʲôʱܹߺһᣬԼĸ˵ؾûһΡ
ȻӦ˵ǸߺҲûףϾڵǸϲİͽð찡
ĸҸ˵ıߺʵڲ̴ĸס
ߺһᣬԼķˡ
ص֮󣬸ߺӻöָ
ڸߺʱöָָ̺ɫָһʯĲɵģ⡣
ɫĽָϵż仯״Ǻܲ
ߺľ̽룬һԼ׵Ŀռڸߺǰ
ߺЩϲһ䡣
ͬǴָҲиߵ֣֮ߺԼʮ׵Ŀռģ½׽ָеļƷˡ
һٶн׼ƷһٰʮϽ׼ƷҲǷƷָĶˡ
һٰʮϵҲǳѷƷָĴָҲν׽ָ
󣬶ٰʮ½еļƷöѾ׵Ѿнˡ
ָǷǳѵãڱȻ׶һʮѵõı
Ʒָ͸ѵˣ֮ڣһöϽ׽ָûУ͸Ҫ˵ˡ
֪ߺн䣬»ἴɹġ
һֻڳߵеȻһЩҲУҲڼС
һһҪһļɱǾζų֮ѡ
Ǹе˶ƴ˹ģһǸľ档
ߺɲЩʵǿߣߴ
ûǿҲûǿĺܣһҪСˣԲñ˿Լӵн䡣
ߺķ˷ĶöǶ಻ʤأǳöԶǸߺġ
󲿷ֶǸߺ֪ĴڣߺͲ֪ʲô˵ˡ
ʲôۣ߰ĻȻʮ֮࣡
Ѫһʮָ߼ϣ˵Խ˵ѪҺı̺ӴĿʲǿһزͻᱻ񱩵ű
ǧ˲ΣָѪõҩ
˲ԻָһĵҩȻʮƿ֮࣬һƿ
ָĶøߺۣͺӽһ㡣
ͻȻߺ۾ƲһɫľᣬԼһߡ
ߺǸȥֱҪҵĶ
ߺĽ򿪣һͼչڸߺǰ粼Ӧ·
עĿǣһɫĲƳɵģ״һѽģ
ͼϽд֣ȻЩɬѶԱ߻ЩһС֣īӦǹֲͬһʱڵġ
ӦһЩ̽оģǣ۹Ĺ


117 ߼
ߺޱȼץ⸱ͼԸߺ˵ɱЩزıҪ
ЩزıȻʵԴʵվҩģʱ鸡Ҫ֪ǧﳤ̣Ѩ
ѰҵͼеĺͲͬˣԸߺĸԺΪǲһһӡ
øߺЩֵǣͼᣬͼƲһģ˸ȥƵġ
ߺҲûж룬ֻΪװƷ
΢ƽһľߺŲرͼ뵽ö½׽ָС
ȻڷֱӴΪߺľȴơ
תۼ䣬㵽˵ڶ峿ߺ˫΢΢һǣЩֲ̾ЩΪߣһչؾʮµģ
ߺֻһ±ƣֻһգ۾͹һϡ
ߺվ̧ߵͥԺ³ʩչɽƣֻߺȴûֻʽѡ
Ÿߺʩչɽƣ·ɣƾ䣬Ī⡣
ȻûֻԱ⻯أÿһƶռһ¡
麮ɽƣߺͣߺֻˬ̹ޱȣȴûʲôջ
ʱɫ磬΢΢ҲȥݼĸԸߺһ
һһС
ॣ
ʣһǰһɽɱ룬⻬羵ǰν
һߺûʹǲ˺ܶࡣ
󣬸ߺʹ˲ؽƽȻǺܴ󣬵ʹԶֱһϵġ
ýߺʩչŸߺٶڸߺǰγһƬ⣬޷ɽӰ
ߺһ˿Щⲻϵֱۣڸߺǰγ˾ŵӰ
ЩӰȦΧŸߺе潣ϼתߺÿһγǾŵӰŽϵ趯
̣նȦ㣬ơۻңֲ潣Ǽٽ
Լ£Լ֪ߵˣֻһۼԷֱ٣ϾЩûĽӰûš
ýû˻Ӱɵϣ˲ֹһ
ؽ
ߺһеһķʽת
ǰĽӰʼ٣ҲϵһӰᣬһðźıŸߺһǱȥ
ǵڿлһ׹⣬ǰٷ٣ռƺڣǺʵҲûʩչĺ齣
ӰΣ
ߺһŤǱ֮ǰһߺ˲Ǳϻбս
ν
һĽθߺİν̺ģղŵĲͬն
ϣ
ǽǱײһɲҵϢм䱬ϯķӿЩи顣
νվǰνǺ齣ԱģֻǽӴһɲǣĽͳױνݻˡ
ֻʣǱһǰνĶ֣οߺһؽûʹñơ
Ӵ˲䣬һӶ̴мڣڵϡ

ߺĺһʹñƵؽӡĽӲ̶ǲеҲֻԭİ˳
Ȼֻа˳Ȼɻܻصߡ
Ҳǰˣֻȫ뻯ˣټʽ¶뻯߿⡣
֮Ѿˣߺ׼ȥݼĸˣ˳һ£Լɷҳ
·ϣ·䳡ܶ߼ҵǳǰվżߣ䶼ʮҡ
Ǽص߶Ͷ߼ң߸߼ģڸ߼ҵʦһְרŽ̵ѵ߼ġ
ߺʦæ밲
ݼӡͬ
ţߺĵ˵ͷǼ˺úøɣҸ߼ǲȵģ
˵֮󣬸ߺһгƬĻǸߺӷĹʣµģ⼸ƬѾûˡ
ЩʹˣԺΪ߼ЧߺƬĻ˵С
⡭ǰꡭĵġĻ⼸˵Ŷˡ
ӣǺ⣿˺ɵŸߺ׸ߺ
ߺ΢΢һЦǵģһɣ
˻һ˲Ļ֪˵ʲôˣȫϥ£лӶҵûպһЧ߼ңΨ֮Ǵӣ
ߺ΢ЦŽ˷𣺡ˣˣ󣬶ڶ˵ڶ߼ˣԺֻҪҸ߼ģ㹻ߵΪҸߺ
ЩȼʦеĻڸߺ˵˶лᣬ׷׸ߺ¹ͬ˵ڸ߼ңڹӣΪӸԸͷ­Ѫ
ߺ΢΢˵ͷ̧߳䳡
һǸߺѾ߰ݵĻˣòϵˣǸߺ֪ҩѻΪǶ̡
ߺ֪õĵصĸӸ߼ңʩչôأ⣬ܸøһȰɣ
һôûУƽĶۣߺԼҲԹġ
ߺˣ䳡ȴʼ۷׷ס
Ǵ°ӣҵ֮
˵Ӵ˴λΪ˳һ£
ʲôǻûȷѡѵӻѡֵġ
ǰ˵γÿһүʮΪǰȥ
ʲô˴ѡ˭˭ң
һкãͷ
û뵽ǵһ˵ҡҡͷСˣιӻΪһ
е˶Ŀˣȵһ仰˵
ӴģǾҵȵģ
ûλսҲΪЩүģһӵȷǾҵ
ҵȶҪúЧҸ߼ңӴΪȻĵ˵ͷ
ŸߺԶȥıӰʦཻš
磬ոոо𣿹ӵΪѾǻˣ
ȻоˣǿĲûУ
ǰǾţ˱˵ˣҵȻǾĽѵ֮ɣ
漴תͷȵˣ˽쿪ʼѵʱһʱ
ԭǰҪ˵⻰Թصˣǽգ±еܵӦǣʿƽʮ
ߺҲ֪Լ仰ȻôӰ죬ֱߵĸסĸ˰
߽ɸ߸ߺѾͬߺȥսˡ
˵֥ൣģߺڶͳȥʳ֣˵
ʱߺ˸߽ɺܶöʲôǧ˲Σ߰ĻȵһЩزƱ
ԼĸףЩ󲿷ֶТģǧ˲Σ岹Ѫ
ʣģĵļӵܣЩģָߵģҲԴ衣
һһ½׳һö½׽ָԲá


118 У䳡
ڶ죬߼ǰǰǸߺҪߵӣ˶ΪߺС
е˰ҪģȫԾվڸ߼ҵſڣĶڸ߼ſڣΪߺС
ߺǣźվ˵ǰ˸ǡ
һ·Сģ䵽սϣһСΪϲߡ߽Ÿߺļĳ˵
пնȥǳôû뿪ңʮ갡֥
ߺҲʮֵĲˣԼûȥãȻһ֣ƷǺԼʱ䣬ȴʼûȥ
Ǹ߽˵ķԸ߲ҪʵУһҪӲţ֪ۣӱʮ겻ģ
ߺһ񣺡֮ˣ
ĸһ񣺡ĸףˣжź˹֣λߺˣ
ʱȻڵϣͷߺҵȹ͹ӣףү쿪ʤ
жʮ˺ȻվͬµԸͬӳӰȫе˶ɫᶨ
ߺ֪ǶģȻҲὫ֮⡣
λǵĺĸߺˣ˰ɣ
ʱǼʼ˵
ӣǼ󲿶ǹ¶ҵø߼ܹӶ顣֮£ҵӽԺҵԸɽźӣ
ǰҾǹ¶ǰ˽ͷȣӵһֽ֮Ҵ߼ңҶͷ˴ιǰȥΣ쳣ܲȥ
Ҳǣ͵Զ㱻ҵ̫ү빫ӡ

ߺȥˣЩ޹ʵ󲿷ԼСʱȵģ游һȻصġ
֮Уؤй¶ҲǿȨ¾ˡҿ游ر簮ԼǸߺȻˣ߼
ߺһЩԼǾȰˣЩ˸أ
ˣǸž͸ŰɣЩмµ°ɣǾͲҪȥˣ
һȥһˣʮֻʣ˾ˡ
⼸˹һ£˼ƥߺһ
ʮ˲ʳǱȥʧңԶʡ
еһֱȵߺŻվȻȫظصԼĸλԼȥˡ
Ǻǣģ߼ҵ˥ϣ
ǰ˵Ҷעһĸܣʱ֮ˣһЩĹεı֮˸ģ
ʱ߽˰̾һ˵ûͺñȶ磬㿴ƽڿǵ񣬳ŶԹޣҪָЧ壬ǳ룡
жҵˣǼүӵΪǶǱﲻһģŻ˵û㣬췴Ҳ˵
Ҫ纮˵ģЩҳϵӵˣõʱ˿ã
߽ʮͬĵ˵ͷʲôһó˼֧ǧ˲κĻ߽ˡ
Ǻ֮ǰҵģ˵Ǹ㲹ǰľ飬ʵõġ
߽˿ǧ˲֧Ļ𾪵˵ǧ˲߰ϵĻɶǧѵõҩôõģ
߽εҡҡͷҲ֪Һܶݣ˵ǸǷã˲õġֻ˵Īʣžǣд˭Ҳ⴫
߽ΪȻĵ˵ͷ˵˵ĲĻ˵ÿһƬ궼֮ͣ߶ۺ졣Ǵ磬Ҹ߼̼ͻɻ𣡡

ߺʮҹ̣ձ㵽˻ʳǡ
м䣬ֱƥϾĶͨߺĺԶͬն
뵽ʳ֮󣬸ߺֱ֣ǣ˭Ҳû֣壬֣裬֣նڸڣ˵ȥУ䳡ˡ
֣弸ˣСȥУ䳡һˡ
ߺǸ˵Ĵ£У䳡ȥ
У䳡ڻʳ֮һĵطԶκ˶ɿʼһӣûлʵּ⣬ɿУ䳡֮ڣΥ߾͵ش
ߺҲڰ֮ڱסģסߺ֣ҵ
վסУ䳡֮ڣϽ˽룬뿪
ߺ˹֣λǰ׳Ǹ߼æģȥͨһԪ˧
ɫ䣬ʮࣺʲô֤ݵĶó
ߺó߼ҵƣ˿
ϸĿһ˵ͷŸߺһ񣺡λԺƬ̣ͨһ£ˡ
ߺʾ޷㿪ʼţֻƬ̣һ
߽һˣǼ²֣϶֣ա
ʱĴȴǰˣåˣּףͷֿٽװ硣
ȫ²һɱ֮ѹķһߺǹʧӰ١
ˣ磬Щûˣˡ
ߺͷߣôǼԺӿ͵Ļأ
һ£Ǹ׸룬ôôŤͺһӴĺһһ㡣
֣һεߺǰʱʱϵ
ǱŤϵǵôıŤˣ˵ôǡ
û˵꣬һʵȥˣ㴩ǹǣԼʲôˣȺ׵ĽʿǣֳʲôˣһȺڹ
ٽ仰㲻˵һʿѵ
ߺҲڣʲôʲô֣Խ˵Խˡ
֣գߺźļ̧žȥ֣ںͣĸߺ˵ʲô
û֣ջ뻹ûģ˵ģ˵ģ˵ģ˵ģһȫ˸ߺ
磬֪˼椣Ļƨ̵ģǰһСսͲ±ȼɱټɱ黹ɱּɱ
ߺͷ亹Լɣı飬ɫ۾Ͳ״ˡ
еõĶ˵滹мصߣʵ߾ҲǺܴ
ҶˣһиŮģΪлأΪ߳
ֻ棬޷ģ
ϹȶμΪصߣϹʮ־ˣÿһ˶ʮֵĿڶҵ˿С
֣յĲ߶УУ䳡ǰ
ϸ˵У䳡ֻľդΧľ޴󳡵أǰ˸ڷ̨ӣվ
ڱ䳡޴ľģֱɣÿһԱ߶վţÿһжһ޴Ľ𴸡
ϸаģѹУ䳡
У䳡˵׾ǵĵطҲǹʿĵط
У䳡վ֣򣬸Ҵ
ǰǧθߣЩӵܣߺһľ
һңøߺľ
û뵽ССȻаٶң治֪ûûģûУҪǲĻսʤܣЩҵĩա


119 ͻ
ߺĽ˵ĿǴӵܣЩǶĿǰߺƵġ
˭ĸҵӵܣô԰ģ
ǿôһҺҲŴ˾
ЩμҵӵܣֻĿ˸ߺһۣͲ˵ˣС׳գɵ֮Ļ
ҵصŮӣҲֻ̧ͷǳĿ˸ߺһۣҲָߺʲôˣû˵ʲôŤͷȥٿߺ
ŮһۣȴøߺЩ档
Ŀ罣âһˣֱ˵С
龪棬ߺδУߺڵʵҲ޷Լʲôв
ߺһ·էۣú֮ԼΪӡ˻أҲ൱ڻصʵ
ϾߺڰǰֻǻһأȥȻδе̫ˡ
ʹҲ˾ȵˡ
վˣʱ֣ϵ
֣嵱ȻʶߺϾУ䳡Ԫ˧ҪԪ˧ǡ
ܸܲڼƵģˣã˯ôҪ˵ɲһ
ҪǴԪ˧ҪУ䳡˵Ļ뱻ҲԶˣļҳˣ
ߺȻҲ֣⣬ȭ֣˰׳Ǹ߼֮ˣ˴ǰΪЧֵж
ߺ˵ҲǼ¡¡
֣ЩĿ˿ߺҲе㲻ף߼ΪʲôֻɸߺһȻǸߺ첻˵ʲô
У֣һȣķ
ټ֣ɫףͷɫֿһɫ硣֣ŨɱЩޱȵ
ߺһλվ˹ȥľŸվĶߺով֣Ϳʼ
λ߷սĸСȻߣɱǴӦ𣿡
ֻһ仰ߺ֣
ЩȫʢС֮˾ȻߣǻȺ𼤷ߣս
Ȼ˻һЩӵȫ綷ܵĹƵģ첱Ӵֵ໽
ЩСʲôȻҿǣ
һҪǵɫɱǣһҪǵľɱ仨ˮ

󲿷ֵļӵܶ±߽ţŭš
ߺԵĿһ£ֻʮûб֣ĻĶɫɲ䣬ЦĿЩˣг˲м
Щ߶ǻصߣһٮٮˣ䶼ڶʮҡ
Ҳǣڶʮ꽫Ϊصģŵ򣬾㲻ţҲеٮٮˡ
Ǳ֣ĻĶǹأЩУߺ֮һ
֣ĿڴҶйĲʱžֹ֣˼˵ļж
ãڿʼǶеһֱ֣սʿǣսģ׼
ǣʱһЩʿ
һ£ЩҪһ£
֣屳߳һˣɫսףͷɫֿӺǺɫ硣
ˣߺϤǱˣǹ˼Ҽ˰
˰ΪĴ󽫾Ȼʸⷢ
֣üͷ壬סˣ֪󽫾ʲôҪ
˰һЦָŸߺ׳Ǹ߼ôɳһӵܰɣ֮ʱѵ߼в֮ģ
ߺ֪鷳û뵽֮죬鷳ĻʶˣЩ
˵ߺķҪߺôش
֣ƢҲң˰ߺվ֣һ
һ׵Ϊʮֱ׼ߺ̾û뵽У֣յΪȻƽ֮𣬾ȻԱôأ
û꣬ı뷨ˣȻǸĲ˳ʺġ
ֻ֣˫Ȳ濪һһָֻվ̨ϵĹ˰˵ӣǺѪˣû̸㣬˲ô޳⻹󽫾أǲǻǮġ
֣ڵĭӺɣ̨ϵĹ˰ɫ࣬ڣ̡
֣ɫҲ̫ÿϾ֣ĶӣУ䳡ʴʣˣåϳͣУ䳡Ǳ˲гˣ
ӣסڣ֣̲סˣ֣պˣѹ𣬽֮ʮ
֣ջʲôһֻȴǰ
Ǹߺ֪ڸԼˣҪȻ֣ΪʮģⲻǸߺ뿴ġ
һ£Ԫ˧лҪ˵
֣˫ϵ۾һ۸ߺ˵
ߺ΢Цĵһͷ֣ող˵ûߺһ¹˰ǳɱ˫ۣ̿ı飬ߺȻʶҿʲô
ˣҲ˵֣ͬպ˵˵˰ںѪˣߺæĵ
Ŷ߼Ϊֻһǰѵּ֪˵ÿһɶʮ𣿡
ΪҵʵԴҼʣʮӵܣߺ˵
˰Ʋ˸ߺһۣһԴ󣡡
ߺ˻ɵ֪ҲԼĻΨԼǾ֣տȵĿԼ
²ŵĻԣߺƵĿŹ˰ڵʵȫ˰һսɲʲôˡ
ߺĻ˰ɫ˲ѿŵģģһصСС߾ȻҲϣ޹⣡
֪ߵغСӣո˵꣬뵽ʲôЦҺսδԴСɣɣѡһˣҲս
кβң
ãǣϣʱ㲻μҶտڣ
ʱμ֮У߳һ˴ڴˣ
ߺһԷΪǼеһ鸡ҩģʱҲΪ˸ⳡսġ
ֻŸߺЦһ£Ź˰˵󽫾ֽۣ֮ϵСĽ֮ɱ
ӣ㡭յĻ˵꣬ߺû˵֣վͼˣˡ

Ŷһȣһδɽ֣ѹȥѹ֣նʼϢˡ
ۡ
δ֣վͱѹһѪؿڲ
һɳ֣ѹȥʱ֣ʩչԮѾˣϾ̨Ӿ⻹жξġ
ﬣ
һƳڶյһȣһɳɢȥγһ쫷硣
ǣ
ȥʮÿһôѿơ
ߺЦŴ֣Ա˳Ц˵ĶңѲɲҶֵ𣿡
ߺתͷŹ˰˵˽ɣԪ˧֤Σ
˶һۣ֣˵ͷ
һȾɽ
֣ո˵꣬ȸߺӦһ˹ռƺһˡ
һ֮ߺ;Щϵʯȫĩˡ
ǸߺûȭͷԷŴȥ


120 Ļ
ߺȭͷ;пʼẮߺΪΧۿһȭװ㣬Ÿߺȭͷ
֮޷Ըߺȭͷ˺ȭͷֱ֮Ӵϡ
ﬡ
һڶյ𵴿һϸ΢𣬶һ嵹ɳȥ
ߺʵ̫ˣһȭͽյȴˡ
ڵϲϹĶգߺһЦͻҳ͹ңǸ߹Լ
һȭߺûʹȫȫ˵¾ͱˡ
յΪͨĻأȻȰǰĽʵҪǿܶ࣬ڼǰߺͿɽ̶ֳȵ߻ˣҪ˵ˡ
μҵһȫΧȥ׷ײ鿴յơ
ߺ޵ĿŸߺߺǣֻ۾Żվԭصμҵߡ
ǶμνʣĻߣϵĲɲǶտɱģΪʮֵʵʵҲǻء
ߺֵǣ˶Զյƺ񲢲⣬أվǸ޶ԡ
ߺúݵģȻĺҶμҶǣҼСүǧҶμҶգǽվҪ
ʣμӵܺߺΧסۿҪ֡
ЩμӵܸոհѸߺΧסߺľ֣վͽμҵΧסеıֱָЩμӵܡ
ֳɻе˶ԶƬ꼰㡣
ֻû˳ȥμҵصȻԱۣҵļҲû˳ȥ
ߺԽԽ벻ˣμӵܵΪԽԽŤһжǸ룬μҵ״ʲô⡣
ȥҲ벻ףߺҲȥˣתͷֱ֣˰ˡ
ˣҹӣΥһɰΥ֮͵նɱ֣Ⱥȵɢ˵İ
˶ʼ죬ɰѹţͷûС
ΨߺɰӶڸߺʵʹ֣ʵֻ޷ԸߺκӰ죬ոսӴߺ壬ͱߺıƱ֮⡣
ƾɰߺȷ֣һҲ߲ǹ
ڹ˰Ҳ˵ʲôˣϾոոߺ֤ʹڶҲ˵ʲô
û뵽ǣߺΪȻ̶ֳȣΪߺʹӮҲ޷һʱӮˡ
û뵽һȭߺͽյȻˡ
е֣ɰ֮£ΨΨŵŵ˻ȥԶҲϽжӡ
ߺȻûɰӰ죬ҲǹԹԵվã˫۳սĿŹ˰ȴû˵Ļ
˶˻ȥ֣ɫ΢΢Щͣˣմȥˣ
˵Ҳûа취ǵʱǶģ˵δʧ֣Բ۵ġ
ʱ򣬶μʼû˵ˣһǰһһ˵ǸߺһûаɣԪ˧ǰӣЩӵܷУ
˻ȻЩȡˣ˵Ҳȷʵ飬ȷеӵɡ
ҪǣЩӵкܶˣԪ˧ṫƽԴÿˡ
ӵǻ벻м֣֪أЩԼң±ǱҴɡ
Ϊѵʱ̣ߺ۾һת
Ԫ˧Ϊλ˵ĶԣԸ£ֱս
֣循ȵĿ˸ߺһۣΪҪǴӦˡ
ߺʧ˶գʮ죬һ·ǰֱս
˵֣꣬ͷҲص߳У䳡֣˵Щʲô֣ߵ̫ˡ
֣һȥ֣һˣǣ
ߺ˵ͷ˳֣ʧķһֱȥ
У䳡ûֻȥ֣ȥȡˡ
ţУ䳡֮ӵܾͱһţǰսһȷԲ˷ʱˡ
ߺϴȻ뷨ⳡսô򵥣֪ȫ״

֣֮ڣߺδ֣ˡ
ǸߺҪģԼ鲻ƽϢҪԼҲͻϳûл֣彻̸
˵;֣彻̸δ˶ӡ
ֶίˣ֣͵ĿŸߺ
ߺβԶ֣ܸߺʲôϾߺ֣ҵĹ͡ͻҵԹ
ߺϵĲˮһڣ˵֣壬ǰΪһֻ࣬Ĺ˵ĻҲȫôĶ
֣̾һҲˣеʵ˸ߺ
ȥĹ·ϣһжƺƵǰߣЩҾ֣Ҿ
֣ڶǰˣߺڶδˣػڸߺܣ粽롣
֣ձҲߺȰȥˣǸ⣬Լ޷˼ˡ
֣Լ˵ĻߺҲʮֵΣ
ԭսܿƹı
Ĺֱǣ
γʮ򣬹ͬٽн
Щ˵Ҳʲôֻ֣ҾӾʮ򣬻ʼҾʮ򣬹˼оʮ
ӣ߽˷ʮʿػʹʣʮĹ
ؾʮ򣬼ϺĶʮʿ͹ʮӣ˵Ӧûȡʤġ
ǣǰƹʮȴ֪Ҫʲô
ȻĹеͳ˧ȻƹԪ˧ұ֮һıʿ
ĹľȻڽڰˣȴʼȴܱʵҲĹ͡
Ϣһڸ߷ֱַȡӣǰȥǰ֧Ԯ
½ӢּǰЭ
Ҿ٣ȴǾӢ⼸ʮ࣬Ǵ󲿷ֶߣʹлߺ͸߽ߣҲ;
˵٣Աʮ⻹ǲ͵ԭҪǻ᲼󣬿¾Ͳֹʮˡ
εĻƹˣҪĹҪսˡ
֪ÿһֻ䶼СĴڣڸ϶档ͬҲ̱ӣ֮䶼ĬĲȥЩС
Ĺս»ΪƹĽڣԲ˵֮ս
˵ƹҲͣȻԲ߶Сһ¾ȻĹ
㲻ףƹôģѲҪ̲𣿿ǲܻôĽ̲ٶȲ죬ᱻͬܵĹΧ
ƹʵ۲ôߺΪ϶һ޴ıչԼԽأԽԺˡ


121 ״βս
Լʮ죬ӴĶڵ֮أսǰصĳСǡ
Ȼ̻ԻͣǸߺԿǵȷӦս£˵һΰľҪҲΪ
ǽһʵõʯĽģʮֵļӲƬƬǴĺɫƣԶϵһ㡣
ڳǽǵۼ˵ǳؾ˺ܶҵս
ǽʮɸߣڳǽ棬źܶtڣÿһtڶʿػһųǹһȴ
ǳвţһ⣬һڶ档
ÿһ涼һʯһСڳпԿƾʯ䣬һűƣҲܱ֤˽˳ǡ
ߺɸ̾һ±ݰǳأʹֻҪһҲԵֿסԷ
Ҫֹǿߣ̼ͻᱻݻ٣˵ǿߣɵڿз裬ָźǿӳ߽
ǣСطǿǲμӹսģǵ߸ĳҪʱ̣˫ĺǿŻսġ
ڻεһһԾʮɣʹһԾʮɣҲҪŵʱ򣬶ڿҲܶʱͻΪӡ
һǻϵĻҲֲסǧĹǳǧĹĹһϣͿ£
ߺ˽ʱѾκϰˣǱˡ
ڳǰߺһĻӭ֣˵Ľ쾪ˣ֪˧ӢǷʲôȻѹǰġ
иߺȴˣ˾ͽ֮ӡ˾ͽ֣ҳӡ֣衣
˶Ƕףһ󽫾ģ˵ΪǰȴǺ޴羢ǣ֣֣֮ҲУһȴڡ
˷׷״յߺԱߣʸߺʲô¡
ߺľ˼ˣҲ׷Ϊߺ򱧲ƽڸߺʵ겻Ȼﵽһȭͻ˻صߡ
˾ͽֻ˵һ䣺֮ˣԳ֮
˱б˵ԭݲôӣ֣бʮڳפ
ߺż˵ϳ֮ϣսԭһƬһĲԭʱѾˣҿӿݵģЩطʺһƬӦѪȾ
пԿӦþܶೡҵս
ڳ֮ǰǾʵפ֮أͬǰ㡣
ʱ򣬸ߺͻȻһ˿쳣ԶڵѸٿЩڵĺ泾
ˡ
սսԽԽߺԼѪڣԽԽ죬ÿһ޵ߺ
ϮϮвӿʼϣ׼Ӧս
ʱ򣬼ſֱڲͬĵطɱ档
ебʿʼѸټᣬھʵǰһƬյϣɽһıʿѸк͡
֣һƥߴɫĿǰȥ
ƥƽĿһͷٶȼǺ屶ϷֱЩһƺɫëֻ֮ĵ⡣
ǺӰû뵽ȻƷֵߺЩȣӰǷеļƷˡ
Ʒ֮ϵѾ޵ˣڵˣҲӵһǻۡ
һǽѱٶҲǸӵĿ죬߽׵ɵз衣
ֻգۼ䣬֣͵˶ǰ棬Ծ˵ٶȵˡ
ھǰ˵ͬһ˲ɢȥ
ʿǣֵ޹ϮܿǰգЩУǵĸĸǣŮһжǵĴǴӦ𣿡
Ӧеľʿеĳìȫ߾٣ͬķŭͬһ˿кһ˲͸ǹ֣
ЩʿϷߺ޵ı飬ŭ𣬸ߺеһɴܸܵƣгɱ׳
ս׳ʿʱ顣ߺ֪нʿɵģߺĺǰֻө֮⣬̼ͻᱻݻ١
ָ֣߸߾е˲ʧ·ûгֹһƬžޱȣȸո֣û˵ʱӵľ
е˶Ľ۹⿴֣壬˵֣䣬Ļʥּӹá
һԿΪԪ˧֣廹ǺЩʿǵġ
еڼž֣˵æӵǣտԲսǿһʿӢ°ɣ
ߺ֪ڵս»ǲôĽţвĹ˾ֻһȺСѡ
Ҫǲ֪ʲôʱֵģİʮƹӣ֣岻ǼӺ󲻽ֻڲ֪Ǻʱѡ

˵ڣѾԿԶĺڵˣһűǰŵźѹѹһƬʿ
ս
˻һеʿȫеĳǹбǰбָա
ЩıǣԼıóнţ׼һ£оɱɱ
֣ǲȫߣעŶ档
ⳡսܲμӣΪһԪ˧ǲԽԼκΣյĵزԪ˧ȫһƬңҲ᲻ơ
ԶЩӿʼʱоٶȻ㲻죬ȾӲʮʱȻٶȣеıɱ
ս֣еĳǹȻǰһӣгһֱɤӶ˻ˡ
ɱֵͬҰѸǰȥ֧֧֮ͬƬ˲Ϳˡ
˫Ҳû˵ʲôϻ֮ǰ˫Ѿ˺ܶೡսˣҲûбҪ˵Щϻˡ
֣صǣϳſڣעս¡
ʮľƽ˵ǺԶһξ룬Ƕ˵Ҳ̫Զֻգ۶
ͬһҵײһ̣ײѪǰӿ
ƺǰ˶ɫѪƣһɴ̱ǵѪζսӣǹгѪˮս̤棬Ѫ
ߺۣ֮ʮսͬһԶһ㣬֮еĳʵչǰ
ǲҵսߺûмʶݽ棬ͬһʱ䣬
ܸոɱһˣебӱһѪ۳һϪսʡ
Щ飬ߺȫӶֻǽĶסսһλãһ׵СеľϵĽطͷ­ҳϡࡣ
֣գ֣ȻҲӵܣΪԪ˧֮ӣʿ䣬֣ķԸ
ʵ֣ҲǺʹҪ֪սϲ֣գԼĳ֣裬ֶ֣Щ֣ҵѪ
ǴԪ˧ս֣ҵҲսԼĽʿãԼ˽飬һηڣ
֣ҵԪ˧ʼôģһս¿ˣԪ˧öҪսÿһ˴˽Ҳ֣ΪʲôôܾʿӵԵʡ
ߺһֱע֣գ֣Ƿʲô״
֣յһδβƺάߺڲϧײԼĸףҲҪߺ˵Ѿøߺ纮Щжˡ
ߺֵܣ׼ԼֵԼǰʲô⡣
ƫƫʲôʲôһΣյϢ֣տ£
ߺ˫һɣѸ³ǽսȥ


122 ײ
ڻҵսУ֣տν뺷͸һƵģһü·ɣÿһλӶһʿ
ˣһԼåɣַãʲôƹ壬͵Ϯ㡭ַþˡ
֣վǻߣƬսǸ߽ߵĴˣֶΣȻȫЧˡ
ֻǶ̶̵һӣ֣վʹ߼ʮоåһʱ޶ܳҡ
սʼ˽һСʱ֣˰նɱ˵ڲͣͿҪͻһʮˡ
ɼ˾ͽ֣趼֮ȣȻ֣ǿЩ̫ˡ
֣գʲôóãֻҪЧͺãÿÿģ֣յåսõܺõչʾ
ڣ֣ҼˣɱΨһȳ֣յľ֣ˣΪ֪֣ռǿ˶ٱһ֣ҵ߲ǹ
֣ÿһǹλϵĵб߲ǹÿһУһнǹ£һСʱ֣ɱһʮбнˡ
ںӱߣвʪЬ
֣ɱ̫̫࣬ˣԱ˶֣գǸصĵط죬ֳһ˳ǹһֱβ֣պ棬ˣ֮һеС
˵װӦһȷ棬Ԫ˧ǰȷ棬һ֮УҲһ֮£֮ϵλˡ
ڣ˾֣ԽԽ˾֣նʮ׵ʱͻȻ٣еĳǹеĿȫ˺ˡ
һЩıܲ˳ǹǿ˲ķѡ
ǲֵңЩıҲıѧˣ׷׸ÿһ·
ʱ֣ղŸоǹǿ·ܽһЩ˺ܿ
ڲŲΪʱҶԷǻصߣʹܶһǹҲ㲻һС
Ӱ֣һ̸ܵ
ųǹ֣յؿԽԽ˵Ҳ¶Ц·ԼѾ֣ɱһ㡣
еһкƶ˶֣֣ձɡ
սĶ棬վһǰžˣмһųʿ峤
߷ֱվżս׵ĽʿΪȫǻأһλߵϢ֣ͻ֪ĸҵıԪ˧
мǸʿֻصΪĳǷƷֻװκÿһЩˡ
ȴվǼ˵ģĸ˺񱣻ƵģΧˣȴ벽ֳ˳Ⱥĵλ
˽ɱ֣յ̶УһʼӽУ˶һûдʼע
ˣ֣һôߵһԪ˧ĶмǸʿ˵
˺ǺһЦһͷļ˵Ϊĳеһϸڶ̼λԪ˧ˣ
˹ˣȺüƲǴ˳ģҵֻԾѣ˷׷˵
º͵Цһ£ҵļƲܹɹݹǼλԪ˧ģһԪ˧ÿǳأһǵĹ;ӹΰ
˷׷¶ϲɫлˣʲô¾ܷԸҵȶ߾ȫ
΢Цһ£˲úĹȷɱ֣գ֣裬˾ͽ֮Ĺȷ潫֣Ҳһɱ
ʱ˵оݣʿھǰϢסһҪ˵һĴϣ
һ֣ϼһô򶨣Ҳģձһɱ׷ģƹʮĵطǡȫû
ֻҪûʮǵʮӣزסǰĽģʱǵ֮ˣ
˵һУ˽ĳȡ£һ»ĽʣкֻҪ֮󣬾Ĺڣʱƹ֮һ̲ƹһٳɾǹңֻҪٽܵĹĲʳ̵ƹΪһΨһһ۹
һȻ˵ƹεĿģĹͨⳡսĥĹеľӡ
εնĹӣ֣Ĳ֮ƹѸײڶ֮ƽռ졣
ռ֮۽Ĺᱻ׵ȡޣΪƹһ֣
Ϊıƹ׼˺ܶ꣬þһа취磬ĹΪԼ
ǹ֣ղһߵľʱ˵ЦԽã⽫ӸĿˡ
ǧһʱ̣˵ĳǹȴͣ˰У޷
ǹͷܵĿȫˣļᣬʹóǹö֣񱩵ˡ
һӰվ֣յһɺǰţؿڲϵҲϵĴϢߺڵĿϵĺγ˵
Ǹߺոڳǽ֮ϣͲ֣յʼһڶ˾ͽ֣裬֣һڹĸš
֣ȶˣҸߺӵҲֻ֣գܾȣܾգ
ԸߺŻѸ³ǽʹȫ֣մڸߺڽһصΪܵķ˺ܴ
ѹƲסĿһıƽʱ򣬸ߺһֱѹ״
Ҫ֪ߺԱ壬еຮޱȣԸߺĿʮ¡
񣬸ߺ˳ʱıܣģ⼸ʮı֮սоأѹô΢顣
˭ӦòǾʿ֮ˣΪңߺδףԾǾ֮ˣǸǹ֮ˣ˵
磡еûн٣֣ղȥǸߺ֣վȵ˵Ҳʵ벻ߺȻսϡ
ߺڵƤͬһ㣬˿˿ðźڸߺܵĲݵϵĿݲ涼ű˿
ڸߺǱһصΪȫѾȫͷˣضŶǸˣȴ֣˵
ȥ֣裬֣й˾ͽȥнҪ£
ߺ˵ϻ䲻˵ͷűƣǸ˵ĳǹһŤ˵ı˲ֳһߺ
Ǹߺ֣һƻ˵㲻ȥˣﳤȥ˾ͽڵķȥ
˱ߺһƻУʼûʲôӦҲû屻ɵȫı佩һˣгĲš
ԭߺһ̺űƣ˲ͽǸ˵ඳסˣĶˣδΪûеָ߳ĵز
ҲʲôԽսţֻͨͨĻߣڸߺһ֮δ
ʲô֣ձˣ±ط˾УϢмǸ˵Ц˲ˣɫһ˼㣬һ¾ͽеıˤ˵ϡ


123 Ϯ
ǵзˣľĿŸߺܵˣߺ׷׾Զ֮
һ£һ߾͹ˣҪǸߺȺУһǧġ
˵õһۣߺǸһصߣһصһ¾͹ˣʲô
ܵ˿˿ߺһС۵ң˲͸ߺɵľ룬ʡıߺ
ԭֻܸܵߺһǰ˶ܸߺ֪ʲô£뷨׷Ч£ﵹ룺˭ôһ·˸õ
Ըɴൽ棬Щ붼ˣߺɴ͸óһɿͨߺһ·ǳѽ
ʼ֣Ҳ֣׸ߺΪʲôҪȥսҪ֣˵ߺֻƴѹơ
ҲΪԭǴУ䳡ҪͷߺžΪѣǸߺԶ治֪ôճˡ
ǣߺȥķ֣ڵλã֣žЩԾϸȥ
֣պصߣ֣һæ֣輸˵ȥ׷׷˼ߣ
֣ͷϳ˴亹һԪ˧ʱ֪ʲôԾǾԪ˧ְ֮ˡ
ȻиߺȥˣͲȥˣŸߺʵߣӦûС
ۿߺһȭջܵģҪ֪ʹٲҲǻصߣ⼸ص߿ɱġ
һ·ϵó·øߺʡ˲ٵʱ䣬ټ˾ͽڵλþߺԶֻӣߺ˾ͽԡ
ߺʱǸصèڼУ׼͵Ϯأߺһܵ˲ûˡ
Ǽһֻ˾ͽֳ֣˾ͽĽǡף
Ǽһ˵ţͻȻоʮֵãҲûıཻЩ֡
Ƶ̧ͷ뿴׷ʲôˣո̧ͷһɺûӦһƾͷϡ
һɺ˲麣оԼ麣Ȼʶʧˡ
ߺĳɱƲԵֿģοͷߺֽӣƵԵֿˡ
ԭ˾ͽɱˬأתۼ䣬ܶûˣǵˣʧӰ١
˾ͽһʱΪԼ©е˶أǻͷһߺվԼ֮󣬶һֻ֣һ˵Ķͷ֮ϣǸǶţһ
ȵȣţսϻжŵˣ
˾ͽɵЩϸһˣ˵װеıһȷװ磬е½׳
ǻߣҵȼͣ˾ͽðô뷨Ҫ֪˿ɲӵܣһҲ½еĻ߶һ½
ңУҪ֪СУʹǻ߶һõ½
ŵģҲǻأҲ˵Ҳǻߡ
뵽⣬һ亹͸·
֣ΪʲôⷽԲһ˶ûˣߺԼʲôϵأ
ǣŸߺƶ˾ͽΪʲôˣߺģľͻԲɵĿյ
ߺʾ˾ͽԼ֣֣ڵķȥ֣ǻصߣʹǲߣҲٿԵֵһ
֣֣ȫͬˣֻһһߣֿܹһ󣬵ǶԷǻصߣٲҲԵֵġ
˾ͽţߺ޷ôˣӰɶʩչֻǿ˾ͽ͸ˡ
ȵĿĵصʱ˾ͽ۵ֱϢֻԼѪˡ
ߺʱ֣ؿڴѾһɼǵ˺ˣ֣Ҳ˺ۣͣѪǸѾ𵶣֣ͷȥ
δ֣֮ǰĵѾ֣յˣһ㣬ֻǵ֣ܽͷ­
ǣЩȴһɱڰУȻǸ˵ȥֻգۼ䣬˲ͱסֱ۳Ǹ״Ķˡ
֣ҲߺñƶסˣǶԸߺҲǺð죬ֻǽڵĺջͰˡ
֣ؿ˿ڵ̫ˣѾսˡߺһƣҿһδ˼࣬ǵʧѪ࣬ڲˡ
ߺ編ƣ˲ͽ˻Ȼżҵ֣
ҵ֣ʱԷսţα֣˺öˡ
֣߲ǹ׹ȻܻܶԷҲԱˣǲϵѪ
ߺǰֻһȭͽ˸͸ĿڴһȭͷĿ
ߺȭͷմѪεڵϡ
һɱĴȷ棬һϢһʮʮ٣зӲСʱȫ֪Ϣ
˲䣬ʿҲսɱ仨ˮס
ǸʿɫԼıԾȻһײĴˣĳ˼㡣
ӱɱʯˣˣǸʿ˫ۣ޸˵
Ǹʿ߳һˣһʼھеģһֱǸʿĹԪ˧ԭΪֻ˵һС˹ѡ
ڿ˽ͷſ˻صΪɲǼͱѹƣֵ뷨ûС
ءʶ߶ţû뵽˾ȻǻصߣĹƵһˡ
ڹڼʹܺߣҲ۰һ޵ˣٲǿǵġ
ʮңһͷɫͷǲδ𣬼׳壬˿ޱȡ
ʯ΢΢̣ƽǴ˴ǰΪ˶Ը֣ǸƥģһȥºӦѽ
ǸʿǼƽƹԪ˧ĵһıʿ
ƽԾģʵҲˣǰ͸ٵһ׸Ҳᱻɱֻˣʯ˰æߵĸСһɱ
ʯһЦСһ׮Сѣ磬Ŷ֣ƥ㣬ֻҪ֣ϣɱ֮У
ڼƽһˣʯ߷ƣէһ͸˫̥Ƶģʯ˵һ
Ǹ˵Ӧʣʯ¶һ˿̵Ц⣬廯һߺڵλȥ
һ·Ͼĵطǵǰʿܵң˲䱻飬ĴԪ˧æ죬üóһ·ߡ
ʵĴԪ˧˫ߺһ㣬Զĸóһ·Щ߽ߵսɲǿԲģǻĲͷˡ


124 Խ
ߺżսɱ¾ֻҪв˵ߣߺڵһʱݻ
أصǸߺҲûлصߣҲڶԷŵòҳ˰ɣ
ΪľǸߺĳɵıƣߺͨͨһƿϵ߶ᣬǱȻǳãڵѾȫˡ
ֻʮӣߺɱ˾ͳ֣գﵽ˾˵Ķˡ
ߺɱˬʱһ·Զʼ쵽һǿֱƸߺˡ
ڷɱ¾ĸߺֹͣԼĶзʿԸߺĿֲѾﵽһ㣬޲üձȻߺˣǺαȥأ
еʿԶԶܳʮɣܵľߺԶһ㣬ʡһߺѪɱ˽ơ
ҪǸߺ֪뷨һΣǰԼʲôˣɱ˽ƣĵ̶ֳȡ
ߺڿûȥǵ뷨ڽĶſʯʯϵǻأȻֻǳڣ㹻ߺˡ
ˣǣǻӦ˳һξˣߺۿԶ֣ռ˵
磡Ҹ㹲ѣ㲻ʲôµģ˳Ÿߺ۾֣յȻǸˣϷļ¡
оδˣҾδ֣Ҿûк˵սʿֻԡѪɱĽʹսɳ֣ɣ֣Ȼû˵ǿӦʮͬ仰ˡ
ֻ˾ͽȽأг˵ģ֣˵Щ͸õˡ
˾ͽȻΪ죬Ͼǳ˾ͽңΪĹ֮һ˾ͽң˼һֱܣΣյսС
ղĴϮԼ˵¼һ߹ҪǲףΪ˾ͽҵˡ
Ƴһ˾ͽߺֻ֪нˡ
˾ͽ֣뽫֣֣մȥˣ֣ߺĻ뷴ԣߺ˵꣬һֵ֣յĲϣ֣漴˹ȥ
֣裬ʧȥս˾ͽɵĽץˣһƥȥ
֣ȴǻߣʹûиߺʵҲԱ
֣輸˵ȥüЩĲȣΪսʲô֣ҵλ˾ͽŻȥ
һ˵Ӧ޹ڲ֣壬ֻǶδ֪еġ
ߺǱˣ֪ڵľʿҪ˼ȻȻбԷҲ˲صģһʧսἱ½
ʿǣģδʲô״Ҹߺңɣǽɱ仨ˮɣǾͽȫ
ߺߺ˭û˵нкѽ
˵䣬ڵľǸߺԪ˧ϵܲ᲻ǡ
ˣ˵˵ôôأǱ
ʲôǱҵż񣬻һսܻصߣݵľˣ
Ҳѽֵǣˣǻ¸ëһҪЩ⣡

ľӵʿ͵һأǻʵҲˡ
ʿһս˲䱬ÿһУͶúһαøߺЩΣôôŤأ
˼ÿһжţ˵ƣҲȵȵȵȣԼĳƺŶˣ
ڶԷѾ˼ʮľӣʣ಻
ĹԪ˧ЩʹȻ뷴Լƽ룬ڵҪٵƹǵĹұض
ΨһģҲǼˣϣʱƹʤܹ֧ǵĹңڽͣǲȥˣֻҪܳͷͺˡ
ߺո˵꣬ʯѾߺĽǰˣǶ˵߸Ծ𣬾Ӹ£Ÿߺͻӳһȭ
һǿȭӰڰУߺϮϮһɿ񱩵ơ
ʿЩܲģȭӰδֻǿ񱩵ƾͽѹɼΡ
ȾԶһЩɱٵȲ⣬ʱһ֣Ԫ˧͵ģߺ֪ȥսķ粨ܽɱ
˵ֵãսʿҪҲǺҵ
һǵȭӰѾ˽ǰֻǽӴһ˲䣬ߺӰͱƬɢڿС
ǵȭӰɵϣڴ֮һʮɿʮɵĴӣҿոոߺµȻһȭ֪˶پأ
ʯЦһߺѣǽӲסһȭ
еʿˣԼ˵żôˣʿȻЩƦѪ溺ӣЩαӣƷ
ɵЩ۾˲ͺˣʯŲҪ֮ʬΡ
ЩʿԼʯɫ˲ˣ˫ȭֱ죬ʿȥ
ս
ʯһ߻ȭͷһ߷Ĵ˫ֻٶȸǿ˼ȭӰڿγɣȸոչߺǵȭӰǿӵʵ
ôǿȭӰһռƺˣռƺ΢𶯡
ЩʿȭӰ򵽣϶ǱĽЩȭӰ㹻ɱǧˣ
ǽϣ֣ͫһʲôأߺˣƹңˣоʿȺҪ⽴
˵֣˵ߺΪҪԼĶߺ˽ãҪ֪ߺֱҿ
ҿ֣ǻŻģڻھأ
ȥǽ·Ѿ˽Ӱǣǣ֣ȥսɱȥ
֪Уߺǿһ߾ԲǻصĶ֣ڸߺѾĬˡ
ͬĻ˾ͽҪ֪ߺԵҪҪģ֪ߺսǵûɡ
ԣҲ³ȥȥսһ̽ﻹŸߺѾ˾Ӷࡣ
Ǹձʮףˡ
ֻЩʿȭӰڰз׷ױѣûд򵽵ϡ
һɳƴǸطڰ˷ȥЩǰʿýӵǹɳԶ
ڰ½ĿʯֱɳУǱѵЩȭӰܽҿ֧ˡ
ƽߺǳڵ𣬸ղʹӰΣһȭ󿴵ôȭӰԥİγгȥʹƽ
Щ񱩵Ҳʹ˵ϣڵһĴӣڵ֮¡
ȻûлбȻ˿ıҲоյĶȹˡ
νߺĳӣһеĿʯȥ
ڴͬʱĹеļƽ˵ƴˣ֣ƥˣʿѾˣǵӮˣ
û˵һӰӺ񱼶Ǹʯ磬ơ
ȥķ֣ĵط֣һ˵ΪȻǻߡ
ӱޣиһԼʧܸѽԷȻһߺһߣԼ²Ƕѽ
ûнߺС


125 ʼ
һҫ۵ĽֱеĿʯ;еĿȱסĽն롣
Цƾ㡭ʯߺȻҳֹԼԳЦǻû˵꣬ǵâնĽǰ
˿Ľʯֵֻֿǿ֧ͺݺݵնϡ
͡
ĽĻˣ֮һɼǵ˺ۡʯײٴ٣ؿڻεεѪ
ߺ򶨵Ŀſʯδзɾ裬ǽĶſʯеĽţֲϵ
ɲԴΪԼһɱԷʵҲϣʯȻˣǲδ
ܵҲǿȥôأֻߺĽ쳣ЩĽϵ֮ŰԲڰһľ
еЩԽǽϵƻǽĵطס
ʯڵԼжԸߺǵΧ׷½أһЩͽ֮׷顣
ǵڿԲпʯӴձ
˵ʱܳʵ̲ʱ䡣
һɺ˳ͱ˳ǽ󣬻ԭıԴ˳
ˣҲģһ֪Ҳûˡ
ϲ\ݣʯݺݵ˵쳣˵ĻȴøߺЩΡ
ʵǲ׿ʯ˵ʲôߺһ֣յĿͷ˵ʲôأ
û˻شߺսԲκαʿеʿںոոߺµЩˡ
սлˣߺʯոմԶ֣ڲϽӽ˵Ŀ֣塣
ӰõĿ˽ֵһʱ䣬͵˵Ľǰ
ֶҵĺӰսб䣬ԷһߣҲ֪ܱȫˣб䣡źӰ֣塣
ոյǰ֣ͷصĶ˵
ˣӦɣߺ΢ЦĶ֣˵
ԶĿԽԽ֣е㽹ĶԸߺ˵ǲѰߣƹҵˣҿƾ׹ڽҵ࣡
ңߺһסˣʵȷǿң
ǣȷǿңСʲô𣿡ߺ֣˵䣬Ѿǰˣʯɭĵ
Ǹߺвδ¶µ飬΢Цˣеһ˿ɱ˭Ҳûз֣ʲôˣ
ǺˣΪ֪֣˻ɻ
ż֪ѣ
ߣ˵أҲҪ׹Ҿ͸㣬壬ҿҵĸ֮һʱ򣬿ʯѾָˣһըıԸߺ
Ǻǿɣûȿʯ˵껰ߺʹղʲô𣿡
⣬ʯɫһݺݵĵҸղ˵Ҫ֮أСӣɣ
ʯ붯ֹ֣Ըߺô֪ǺǿѲɣʱյĵӣ
⻰ʯĶҲͣˣȷղûϸ룬֪ĵΪڿܣרִһЩ˵
˵ɱжţͽеزı֮Ϊһ鶼
ΪֹҲŵҲǳ࣬ܶ඼Ǽùġ
磬ȥɱһţԷ̰ͻ᲻һģϧݿΪʦʿдһʡ
ǴǿĵĵӣǾԼˣ˵ҵš
ߺǿʼһ˿Ц⣬ȻԽԽŨЦүүĴҲһܰɣҾͽǵˣ
󣬸ߺתͷ֣˵Ԫ˧ˣСʲô
㣡ɫࣺʯүҲ
ֶԭпѽʹҵı⣬Ҳô֮ǰеģ
ʯѾܲˣߺȻһٶһ裬˵ǳ裡
ĳ֮󣬿ʯȭͷ忪ʼߺɱֳȭһǰߺȥ
ֻٶޱȣȭͷûʲôƽƽһȭˣ
;Уȭͷʼ˱仯Ŀʼۼɿ񱩵ʼȭͷɢȥ
ȭͷͬγһƵģ񱩵Ľһ·ϵѪϯƺɫȳޱȡ
ȭͷȳĺɫ磬ߺֱֱȥ
ߺʹޱ˵֣壬һͽˣô
ǣ֣˵ߺǶԷĶְɣ仰û˵һȭ͵˸ߺǰ
֣ߺķȥΪߺӲһȭͷ
ȭܵģǻߣûлҲᱻȭͷγɵ˺ѡ
ۿһ˽ȥǹתȭ粻ϵ˺ء
ûе֣ߺͶˡ
ߺ˷ʯȥеĳա
ǧѰƽ
ߺһʩչרѰҶԷȻضԸߺȷǺǿǲҪ˸ߺǱΪ
ߺҷԴߣϵʯȭͷȥ
һж˳Ǹߺȴһ㣬ǾȭͷԱߵǿ񱩵ÿߺĽҪ̵Էȭͷϵʱͻᱻ񱩵һȥ޷Էȭͷ
ȻߺĽڲϵĽӽԷȭͷȴζ޷
ôСӣκҪҶǲܵģƾԴȭȻ޷ңҾҪ࣡ʯЦ˵
ʯЦ꣬ȭͷϵĽӽߺȻ죬ǾߺԽͷԼĽԽԼƣܵǿĿơ
ߺ㣡֣˵ţһһ˺ɫĳǹ
Ķңʱ򣬿ƵӰ˲֣ǰһѪɫס
Ԫ˧ˣΪҵģ֮ڣߺϺȻ¶һ˿΢Ц
Сӣ˵󻰲ͷ𣿡ʯЦ˵еǿһ֣ȭͷϵҲǿһ֡
Ըٶߺȥߺ΢Ц䣬еȻĳɱҲһγɡ
֮ǰߺȻ뵽һ⣬ν׷ףҲѡ
ߺıǽԲһɵᣬʹֹ֮ͣһǿ񱩵ֹͣˣԷҲ޷ֹԼʩչƽˣ
ˣ˳ֹͣ
ƽ
ߺĽ˲㵽ʯȭͷϣȭͷ˲ͳһѪ
Сӣ㡭ϧĻû˵꣬ߺĳһʵĽ֮˾ŵӰ
ǻý
⣡棿Ǽ٣ˣͳͳƾˣʯͷֲǵӰģǵӰǼٵġ
ʯ˲ʮȭӰߺʮӰϮȥ
򣡡
ڷԲһɣʯĻӸٶȶ˺üȭٶҲ˺ܶࡣ
ʮȭӰʧٶʧ޷ٶγȭӰ
ǣԸߺûʲôӰ죬ʮӰ׷͸ʯĲӣһĨɫѪƮ
Ӻ
࡭
һͷ­˵ϣ
ߺϻĶſƣЦţһˣ


126 ȫ
һ΢¶˵ңߺȻصɱˣϢ
ȻոտʯոЩˣҲǻصߣֻǻǿȾ͹ֵһͨĻ߹һˡ
ߺЦŻڶŵȥȻٶȺÿһϵƾһ֣ܵ¶Ҳ֮˼ȡ
֣ƵĶסˣ֣еĳǹϵĶ֣еǸǹ½׼ƷӲȿнױ
ǹʮ֣ǹƺɫǹͷأǹͷռһǹ֮һǹͷҲǴŸɫķ̡
ͬǹͷһźɫĻȼգǹͷʮֵľ޴󣬾Ȼа׵ĿȣܰƻҲʮ㡣
Ǹ˶סˣһ۷ֱڵϲϹͷ­ԺһƬհס
СɵĲСԼǸСĶӣصΪҵǰܹˣ㻹ȥɣú󣬿ƺȻĴЦЦ󣬺Ȼһ˿ɱŸߺȥ
Ķ֣֡ƣǸߺȴֹ֣
ߺͣԭأֽսͷ­´Ԫ˧ˣ˾ͽҰɣ
˵գҲ֣巴Ӧͣǣһơ
ոߺĻ֣ʶĶһ¡
һٵĹ򣬿ƾ͵˸ߺĽǰһȭʹߺ
ν
һ⼱Ʒȥٶȼ졣
һȻˣɲ³ǿʯ촦

ſһȣȭͷϵ͵ؼӴһƵǵâʹȥ
ϡ
ǿȭ뽣âײ˽ȭðһĻ𻨣ըϡ
ǰνʤһĽâݺݵĽȭпˣҲĴȭͷϸǵĻˡ
Էûƻͱˡ
ߺüͷһ壬ǰνһαƵԼ뽣֮Ƶġ
Ȼӣȥ߿ģӻȥ˵ģȻ뱣֤Լܹѣߺ΢΢һЦ
ͦģһģڽж˿֮󣡡Ц˵ţϵʼϵۡ
һȭȣƴһֳȭǰȥȭͷܵĿߺѹȥߺã޷ܡ
Ȼ޷ܣǾƵߺ˫һУ΢΢Ц뵽
ƽ
ߺֳƵȭͷȥͬ㵽һƵģȭͷǰһߴ޷
ƽȻƵԷ㣬ǿȭͷǰǶǽȫɿѹɵģȻ㣬ҲſԣϵλҲڲϵı任
һеȻǿ󣬾Ȼøߺƽ޿κΣߺҲ״ʶ߾޵еģһЩ߾ǲġ
ɽ
ߺһƣһɽˣ顣
Ǿɽһĺݺݵѹȥһȭݺݵײһǿȥ
䡭
ײĴضеӶȥɽ޴ĺϵĶſǰĿ
ĿѺһ㣬ռѺۡ
ǸߺıɽʡһݺݵѹȥˣƵһȭȭѹķ顣
ɽȭ֮󣬼ѹȥ
ϲ޾ɫɭЦȻЩͣܽʯɱʹȻΪȫʵ𣿡
˵գϵƱֱƺҪ˺ˡ
֣循ֵĿſƣû뵽Էư磬й֮޲
ţƵʵ㲻ԼҲԼԶˣټϸղŸߺɱǸʯ䲻ܽԼ£ǰٷְܽԼˡ
Ƶһ£ɱ⻯۷壬˿ʮ㡣
ҿҿƾеؼղſʯʹóҲô׾ͽ֮ܣûˣҵУ
˵ţƶŸߺĴһȭһɰߺݺݵѹȥ
ν
âɽ˲룬ɢڿС
ߺĿſƣؼҲֻѹ˰ɣ˵׵㣬ǻˣɫһֻֽϻˣΪ壡
ν
ݺնȥ
ɫеڣղŸߺȻûȫ˵ԣҲǰ˾Ųʮˣ˵Ĳࡣ
ؼпԳ죬ؼȷߺ˵һ㣬һƵؼԽһΡ
ʵǸؼǻʹôؼͿɢǿߵƣֻҪƴǵǺǿµ߶ѹơ
ˣһԲˬ˭ΪǣϧǣϵǸߺ
ߺ֮Ƶʵչֳ
ڸߺУƵʵȻǻأֻϸıˣʵҲһЩ΢ɲ顣
ˣƶٶԸߺЩӰġ
˵ˣһߵ־һߵĶ־ĶĶֻǱġ
ϵѹƣ͵һĻԲ㣬սμȥ
սʼҪͷԼƣǱģΪǱּԼ߲
ʵŸģʵԽǿߣϵҲӵǿͬ־Ҳӵǿ
ߺɲȱʤˣߵ־ǿޱȡǣߺԼҲƾԼصΪ뽫ɱеѶȣοԷƻǻصơ
ԣߺ˫ۣʼԼӡΪͷųڸߺǻصΪ
һɾΥµУʵĸоøߺ̲ס
ͬʱϵҲһߣһɿɽƳڿУȣ˿
ߺΪȻˣƾȵ̧಻£֣ҲĿɿڴ
ô˵ߺոһֱѹԷġ
ЩľˣͷųԳؼΪԼضܹȡʤٿøߺΪɲ⡣
е˿־壬־ߺ־ߺǱ
˵־嵽˼Ƿ仰һ㶼
ڣƾǷˣȭ׵˫ֲϵ趯һ˺Ƶȭĺɫߺѹȥ
ͬһƬɫƣߺݺݵѹȥ
ߺ˫ĺȻһܱ֮еĶס
Ƶ鵽˸ߺ˫ۣһ¶·Լȫסˣһĵðһ㼦Ƥ
ҲˣƵĹӷˡ
Ƭһ·춼ˡ
ߺЦһϣݵò񣡡


127 ܵо
֮ŭ죬һСС߾ȻҳԼϣӲԺԼķţ
ߺǲѹȭ죬ޱ飬һγɣߺ廤档
ܣ
֮У˵ؽǹߵģɽǹģôǸߺеĹǿػ֮һ
ڸߺʵ֮ܵķǳɱӣߺԼ֪ߵʲô̶ȡ
ԸƬȭ죬ߺҲֻˡ
䡭
Ǻɫȭɵȭѹϣ
ܵ赲ûһȭܴ򵽸ߺϣȫ赲֮⡣
ƬȭӰȻҲ֣ˣ֣ẦС
еĳǹ𣬺ݺݵȭȥЩȭɲǼ䱻ϵ˺ѣһ޴ķ϶
еȭʧʱ򣬸ߺһ˿ѷҲûС
ǸߺǿķǸߺȫʩչģôױƣ
оߺ̾һеܳȥ΢ЦĿſƣϵЦ಻̫ɢˣ
ߺȻԱߵӿƴûܵһŭӵųȥ
СӣɣƵ˫۳죬ȫ˫ȭߺٷȥ;ȭͷߺͷؿڴȥ
;оϷ׷׳֣¶ȭֱ۾Ȼ˺ɫġ
һȭҶҪʹȫֿǼ岻ΪǼ壬˹֣ڳǹ֮ϣ׼ʱӪȸߺ
ߺȴûӪȵĻᣬг裬ͬһ˫ȭζȥ
ƽ
һȭǿǿֻҪûǿʼġ
ƵȭҲ⣬ȭûѹǼµĿ죬Ҳǳǿ
ﬡ
ߺһƵ˿Ƶȭȴ֮ϣƵһߺŵȭͷߺȴȴûƵ
Ǹȭͷߺȥһȭ͸ߺͷ­ȭͷӺ͸˹
ȴûеԽѣѪĽ
ߺȻʧˣڿƱһ
ڿƵǰоŸߺΣʱ̣ߺʹӰΣŶһȭ
Ÿߺһ޶ֳעſơ
ֻߺеĳ˴ȴһȱڣֻȴ쳣էۡ
нףȻǿ󣬲뿪⣡ýŸߺͬʱ˵
ߺ岻ϵڵƶоŵӰ棬ߺŵӰ֮С
ŵӰϵΧſתеĽҲϵ趯ţ䣬ʹۻңͷֲ١
ֲͬĵӰĻǼٵģʼΪȵһǸߺһȭȥȴ˸ա
ִӻӰеĽѰңĽõĽ϶ͬǣߺĲؽȴʹĽĲЩӰ֮¡
ƵȭͷƵƵգʹ򲻵ߺıеֻǸߺĻӰ
ν
ߺſƲ⣬ʹ˰νŵһͬƮȥ
ﬡ
ŵֻһйĶõģԣֻһն˿Ƶϣ˵ȫ͸
ֻߺȴһ⣬ǻߵĻ
صĻǿʵ̫ˣߺİνȻ޷֮
Ҳ֮УҪ֪νٶĽУǺǿ
ߺһһתȻԼıȲ࣬ͺԼıһӦҲĴڰɣ
оߺİνûãһЦߺؾǻأԶ֪صжǿֻǻͷˣǹԹɣ
ƽ
ߺΪƵĻȻʹƽʩչۣ֮Ѱſƻ㡣
͡
棬ҵ˿ƻ㣬һƵ˿ƵĻ
ֻõʱ΢һЩҿߺĻýһֱſƣȻߺûҵƻ㣬ͱһȭˡ
ƣȻȾ͸оˣһתƵԼĽһȭ
ߺܲæеĳԼǰ
ϡ
һȭ˿ȫенȭף½׳ѾֿǿҵĶԿˡ
һɳɢȥԲʮɶʼѣ޴Ĺ˷죬һЩɲݶ֮ɡ
˶սγɵĳ÷飬Ըӿٶ٣γһɳ
ߺжԷһ¾ͱɳȥͨߺϣߺֻƱ˺һ㣬ֱҲѪģ
ߺеĳǳѺۣҪ֪пнףӲȷǱѰټǿĹ
ߺеĽͲ½׳õģ˶ս֮£ڱˡ
Ǹߺе껪еݣԲôңк֧ţںͿսĿʼ֧ˡ
һߺߣδ׷תܡ
ܣߺڻۣ֮ЩɳԸߺκӰ죬һһߺܵĶ
Ϊһ°ɣߺŽ
˵գ򳤽𽥽ѷ춼ƽۿͬһ
ӰΣν
ߺӰһŤ˲ʮ֮⣬վһŤֳʮ⡭
ֻǼߺ׷˿ƣϵĻ裬ݺݵƵȥ
ڵĿѾûǿƣܵûƵģΪûдܵ˼
ټĻҲû֧𣬽׾͸塣
ɵӣûӰأһȥ֮ҵˣƿ͸Ц
ߺȻԼĽôٵ
εҡҡͷߺĿſǲĴЦеĿѾﵽˣõľϲ
һԼûбҪȥɱԷıʿˣһսǶԷıŹ֡
ЦǰܣȻԼܹĵطһ˫ϤѥӣϿ
ףҲϤôôԼأ
Ƶʶʧˣʶʧ֮ǰԼϰ
ߺӰ֮ǰһӣϵʧˡ
˫֮󣬸ߺֳڿʯԣһȻͣĻУóһöָ
ߺ˻ȥŴɱȥ
ˣɳɢȥֵܵʬӳ˵ƽݺݵģԴЩģʩ
Ĺ漴ձ֣岢û׷ձˡ
ҮʿĻԪ˧꣡޵У


128 ̿
Ⱥźϵսͨʿߺֺ֣һ𣬾ͿԱʾǵĿУߺѾ֣ͬĵλˡ
źеľʿߺȻģҪɱʱ۷壬һȡ
ʱߺ˶ҡǸߺԼ֪
ǻѪźУ˵ߺľһгɾͣԶͣڻ׶Ρ
ߺԽԽҲҡԽԽļ
ڸߺҪʱһĵļϣߺ׾ѹͷ亹
ԼĻǲᶨߺĬĬ뵽
ôߺҵľаɣʵкܺõķչ֣΢ЦŶԸߺ˵ֻҪУڵ빦ͣǿʵұ֤һ֮֮ϣ
ղŰ⻰ߺ˵һϲʤǾղţߺȴˡ
ȻǶ˵ĵطͬҲķĵطܲ硣
Ҫʱһ˸ѻ˵һ㣬ûеĻԼһɾǻˣ
øղ˵֣һģԼѾˡǣԼûȨ۷塣
ⲻǸߺҪģҪ۷ʵһеļޡ
οղսԼֻײƵ˵зı
ɣҪԼûôǿأʲô
пܣԷıóѣȻ֪Ǳ󵽵ʲôıǿ϶̫ϡƽȻҲɳ߽׻ִ߳ˡ
ԣôھԵʵǰκıƶûá
֣ǳϿҵĿ⣬ߺ΢΢ҡҡͷ΢΢𣺡ԲûȤھзչǸˣ
ղ֮ǲǵģԺ֣ҵһᾡæģߺ˵ͬһ磬ŵķȥ
֣ɵ㶵վǣ׸ߺ˵ʲôߺһ仰еġ
ͨΣߺԼĵҪʲô֮ҲӼᶨܶ࣬ӴԺΪδãˡ
ľȨĿ飬֮Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ֻҪ㹻뺮ͻƻֻʱ⡣
ϣǸߺ˴칦磬μӵĶЩҪĽ졣
ҺȵĶܾˣߺȴֻ˼ƣ֣ռϤ˾ģˣԾηŸߺͲҾߺ
Ҫ֪ߺɱߣһأһء
Ȼ˵ǸصĿʼЩ⣬ǸصĿʹԼȫսóؼ
ǵڸߺ֣֮¾֣嶼
ԣѾߺ֣ͬȵĸˣȻôķ
мȴûں֣ռˣнҶμҵȴ˶Ǻܾ
μҵļ˿ߺĿ⣬쳣лؼɵʣ
֣գֻһ̳һ˺ȵˬأ
ֵܣ㡭աʲô֣˫ģ˵ڳݲ塣
ҡġ֣أ
Ŷ̫̫ˣҲ֣ˣʮ̳þƣΪһ֣ͬףһ£

־˵ĺ˼̳ĵʮֵ֡
ĵģ
ҵϼʳǣأ
̫ˣԵѽҲʳǣˣϼ̳þƣΪͬˣһ
ߺһΣͬʲôϵѽ
ֺһ̳ƣ̸
סǣôû㣿
סڻʳ֣ң
ҲѽԵԵԺһҪϵѽ
ߺҲ֣Ϊʲô̸ԽԽûǰȥ鿴Աߵεҡͷ˵
֣պֺ֣ȶˣ
ߺһΣԭΪ֣֣ջͬ˲Ϊֵܣֻ֣ƽصĺðˣ
һȾƣԭα¶ˣ֣յֵܣȻֵܶˣôΪֵܵĸף֣᲻Ҳߺ۾֣塣
֣Ǻܺãһֱ΢Ц˵ĺ֣ӵĺ
ǸߺȴŵһζȽϳԴ¡
ߺ濴ȥ̵óۣʲôӣʲôĶӡ
ֻ֣Ѿѥֻű¶棬ǹζǴǷġ
ʱ˾ͽԱ˹һ§סߺļ򣺡С㿴ˣߵζôˣβһػʳǰɣСá
Ļߺû壬ڸߺ޵õĳ˾ͽ˵ζˣҪǸʲôζȥ
˾ͽߺ׽սʤ󣬽иߺػʳǼԼСãҪ֪ԴǴθߺߺȻСûйԼԼһֱˮ֮С
û뵽һƨȴĵˡ
ߺʼԹʮֻȤã
ϯˣߺص֮ǰС
еӵܶסУΪԪ˧֣嶼ûסǣǺʹһ
֮ǰÿһһģһģӿ̳Ƶģ߼Ԫ˧סһڡ
Ҳսԣõô׵Ѱҵ߼סֹԷնж
ߺεսԪ˧ĴԼסһ
ڸߺ֮ǰһסŸߺľҲһ˵õȮ죬Ծ˲Ĵ
ص֮󣬸ߺͿʼڸߺĺܼᶨѾ޹˼ɵԼΪˣùΪ̫죬ı
δ೤ʱ䣬˫ۡ
ȻѾˣѵͲһ𣿡ߺĴ
ǰеǸˣȴһ㶯ûǺ
Ȼ²ԸǾͲҪˣ䣬ߺָ򱳺ȥһָȥ
͡
һ΢ŵǸߺΪˣ
ָ򵽻ϵǸȴ
ߺ˫һתΪԼûзҪԼһٻɱԼҪԼ߳
԰ղǼлԣлҾ͵ýԮˣûеĻǾԼˣ
ߺ仰˵ʮֵľеġ
ӣʲôˣǲд̿ͣ
û£һҪ˵ˣټȫ˵еоնж
ǣ
ߺߵģˣЦֹΪʱܸоǿĴڣοǻأôͬǻΪ߶оأ
ߺָ裬ָͬһ㣬е˵ȥ
ۡ
ڶǻڻǻڲϡ
һߺ۵ùǺˣһӰŴӺ˳
ˣСӣͷˣЩ˵ðɣ߳ߺޣ


129 ؤ
ߺиªĵͼԭһ߼ģǴ˴ս˱ɱˣԾͽʷ˸ߺ
˾Ͷƾɵľ޷ͼ֮󣬵ȻǸͼҲȫָ
ɫ£ͷϵһɫĴӣɫ֣˿ıò
˵һ˲䣬ߺԸüͷͲиʣȣǰλү
ǰ˵װ̫صˣĽ涼ָ鲼·ָĴڣ·ڵġ
ټݵΣǲ̿ͣʮһؤ
ϱ¶һ˿ɱȴøߺסٶȻѣԼǰĲһؤһ֡
ߺ˵ͷһĴ֣˼ʲôʱģߺͷڵġ֣֡ص˵
ݣͬƽС˵һᡣ˵ͳ
ֱ棬ӦһˣԼʮ굽ʮһ׶Σ߸ߺǲҹά
ټ˵·һһƵģһƲƮ¶Ĺͭɫ
ߺĿľǼһĿӣɲҲһָﲻϵð
ǣߺֻ֮һһɺȻһֿĿ⿴վڶǸߡ
Ǹ̲סӦҲܲһ°ɣȻӦûô
ҹãΪ£Ӧòİɣߺ˵
һĸֲûлشߺ̧Ⱦߺѹȥûо춯صƣֻһƮѸݡ
塱ߺһû뵽ԷȻľ硣
ȫͬĹǲδ֣֮˵ǧ
ѹƵˣƳˣͻҶԷģӶͶԷĹһУǾǾ֮Ϊߣƽѿ
ǰȴǽս֮Уʱû̫Ĳȴ߱Ĺ˵߲ûʲô֮֡
߿Զǰȴֻܽ
һ̿ɱֶѡ壬Ϊһױ˷֡
˳ʱߺף˵̫ˣߺ޷ķӦֻʹܡ
Ȼδߵߺ֮ǰһѸٵĳڸߺУȵȥ
ǣ
ֻһȣߺıܾȻͳѺۣʹƻڲϵɢ
ડ
Ѫ˳Ÿߺ֧ű֣ܵϵµ¡
ڸղǼҵײУߺֱˣߺֱֻѪɫ˳ֲϵ죬ֿʼѪģ
ߺȴûںϵʹֻһȣû뵽ԷĹȻôǿȻԽܴơ
ܵķʮֵǿ֪ܵļʵ֮һʩչܾǺͿս
һαܿνǴʣƵʵ޷Աһ˿˺
ǣǰͲһ֮С
ڳܲסôǿײƬƬı̣Ǹȥ
ҲûϵߺȻı仯ܵĶȴû¶ֵı顣
˴ŴݲȵӭıУ֧
顭͡
ڶϵ
Щлϣ޷ԶԷκ˺˳Ż˹ȥıУ͸ȥ
ϵıУȫԸٶߺȥ
Щȴڸߺǰͣԭߺͷų˱ЩڸߺǰıȫΪ뵽֮С
ŸߺջأЩֻص˸ߺ֮С
û£ЩʿɾͲˡ

ҽЩдӸߺľзɳЩʿϣ˶ɱˡ
ϮϮȫд̿ͣ
Ԫ˧ͽǣȫʼѲߣѰҴ̿ͣ԰ţԲһɱ⣡
ڷ֮ǰ֣͸߸ߺʲôˣߺһҪԼȻһܻܿᱻˡ
ЩⰵǴĸģ
Ǳ˵񣡡
ҪɱˣϿȥˣ
ߺһЩ˾ǰ˵Ķ֣ǰֻν
ɣƫƫߺʲôʲôߺļһߺΣգܲ룬ߺ˰Χ
ţӿ˽һ¾ͰѸߺľʼˡ
ЩˣֻЩĿŸߺ
㲻ֻǻأȻͷųڻʽֲÿԽҵɱȻЩ͵ģ
δ䣬ʿһˣ񵽽ߺȻһţ뿴
˭ֵΪʲôСܽӪҪһҪ˱˵ľҳشʮ
һ߽ˣܾȡ
һһؤȻվмӣмתࡱͷչֳ
һ˵еʿȻмġʳӪȥûùͷһʣ
ùȥݸˡ
ߺԷסˣԴЩתˡ
ߺΪףǰһɲʲô࣬һĸ֡
ǸסΪûйĴѽΪһ֣ĲǱ˹ġ
ǽôȻùиʣ
˹һڷӦˣɫڣȻ棬ߺûɫߺȴǳɱ˫ۡ
Сģ񣬸ߺҲӳ˹һŤ
ﬡ
ȭͷһײһһɳɢǸʿ˲ɵˡ
ߺǸʿǰһܣܶ⿪ˣûоʹɢȥ
ԭǸߺǰʱ˻ûг֣Ըߺֽ֧𣬵ֵһ¶ԷȭͷԱܲûô֧顣
һȭϾ˺ŭһԸߺǱɳȥ
ɳףײˣſͣ
ߺ֪˵ʵʵ̫ǿˣԼûаսʤ
ԣԼսһǻԾᵼ¸ߺսʱηηŵġǲܺΡ
ϾڸߺĴھʵ̫ˣ¸ܷ
һɫĳۣټ¹ҫ벻Ϲӡ
ֶЩʿɱҪɲôס
Ȼߺ¶һ˿Σգ˳ִԱߵĵϼ
ߺ˳ţͶ˹ȥ
ಣ
ֻȭͷİӰٷ˹֧°ѡץС
˺ˣ˰ɣǸؤߺӵˣɢܵʿ
û뵽⣬Űɵ뿪ˣǲţȻǱҲûа취Υ
Ǵ̿Ҳ֣һ̲ȻŭСӣȥɣ
УȻ߬ɱġͷ


130 
ߺȾܣǷӦٶȣ͸һ㣬ʩչ˻Ӱɡ
һƲ߹Ȼɹˣ˹׷ٶȱߺȻֻ첻ٵߺȥ
ߺǼһﲻһһ߲ϵƿڴҲõ¯ࡣ
ֻ˺Ҳһ£Ǿǰͷ˶ˣе˶ɵˣֱ֡Ǹڣֶ
ߺǰ񱼣Ǹںֳͷ׷ᣬһǰһܳӪء
Ӫ֮󣬸ߺȫתӰΣػӰϵڸߺ֡
ԷٶȾȻȸߺһһһ㣬Ϻ£ܵʱܹһǿҵ쫷磬ܵ˶
ٶҲܿ죬ߺ΢һЩ˵ľ벻ϵ
ߺһæͷȥֻߺһһ㣬Ѹ٣ܿһĨӰӡ
ۿ˾ԼԽԽߺҲǷǳĽһһ½׳Уת˵Ӱȥ
ν
һĽȥٶȼ졣
Ҳһû뵽Ȼô죬æ֧ŵֵס⡣
æ֧ŻٶҲԵĻ⣬ߺֳʮס
аνߺַıӸղŶսʵʮֵ⡣
ԷֻһȭͿ԰ԼɣܶԷһ飬ߺûĵֿԷڿԷṦԲ֮¡
ĵˣߺȫޣֻӡ
ͷзתʲô취Է
ŵʱȻкطԽԽ󣬶ҸоһǿҵķԼ
ߺͷһۣŵĻ겻壬亹ֱð
ԭ˳Ÿߺһȣһɷ糯ŸߺǺģ絶ӣڵϸĹ֣⻬쳣
ҿڸߺѾܳˣȻһҪӪʩչ֪жʿڷ
ǻ߱ҲǷˣϵģֻ֣һ˶ѡ
֣վھ֮ǰصңŸߺ˵ķǿ˷һ֮еصɫŨ
ˣʳȣԷпкߣҪԮ֣ӻһöԱһʿ
Ǹӹƺʳǵķɱȥ
ȥ֣̾һɫص˵û뵽˾Ȼǻ۷ߣһǸи֣¸ߺˣϣƽɣ
˵ʵ֣ǴӶԷʽģԷΪʹǻصľ磬ԷʵҲһǻصʵ
ȻԷ۷߶ˣҪʲôʱҲϡ棬Ͼƹȫ֮ġ
ͬʱ֣Ҳ֣Ϊʲôз˻ڸߺڳ֣ոյԶԷǰģǣߺסʱġ
ôֻһ˵ǾǾмϸ˵ѹͨС

ɽ
һ֮ӸߺɿֵǺƾϵĽ״ķбסȻ֮ٽ֮ɷĩ
еڵĸߺԣͲǺܴվɢڿС
Էǵֻʮ֮һʣʮ֮ţߺϮ
ʽԸߺԸߺ֣ҪУ֪۷ʲôӣԱ֤Ŀǰǳ˺ߣвһˡ
֣ʵڸߺȲˣ
ÿγ֣񶼴һɷ羢ٶԼĶȲ϶Է
ߺȷ˲ʲôԵĹǷʵˣߺԸǰߡ
ϾʻǱȽϸ߽׵ˣȵĽľˮʻҪѵãһǷȻǰҲһ
ɽ
ߺɽУһƴһСɽϸĺǹϮȥ
ﬡ
Ǹߺȫһĳɱƣƽʱɱȡһк󣬸ߺתԶȥ
ɽƵúϵ໥˺ϵıԷǲϵĴɢ
ҵײǿγһɺĺشɽ粻ϵĴϮͬһֻ㽶һ㣬汻䡣
罫ɽȫ俪ˣҲ糹׵ıס뵽ˣڴ˷ԲףγһɵǽҺڲϵɢ
һȻϣƹӲ׵ĶֱֱˣҪ֪Ƭ¶ԽһĻһ߶ɱ񣬺ο
ʱߺԽӶԽԶھǸ̿ѾľˣҪͨͿˣҿߡ
ԷǽסߺҲһٶ΢һЩǲδͣ£תۣ֮
ãһߺֻͷƤըˡ
ֻղǵ绹ҪСһЩӱǽ˹Ȼͬǿ׳ֱۣ춯
ֻͬ޴ֱ۽Ƕ±ǽ˺ѿˣǸ̿ͣ廯һӰӣߺ
ߺð˲٣෴ķȥ
Ǹ̿ͽ磬Ȼ٣ߺӵ÷ȥ
˻֣ᷢ˵ĽŲڵϱܣֵĸ߶ȣߺС
Ҫ֪龳µߺڿзеģȻ㲻ϷУҲ뱼ܵķΧˡ
˵ĽºţƽȵߺȥٶҲǺܿ죬˾ĵطһ쫷Ȼ
ľ룬ֻӣգۼ䣬ߺֲ̿׵ľˡ
ν
⳯Ŵ̿͵ȥǸֻ֣̿ǽȥ
ҷγɣסЩ⣬ֻǶһ£ߺȥ
쫷ȻסνĽȴ֮˲٣ͨʱ򣬻˳Ľ֮ص֮⡣
ߺν֮ˣ㲻ٷʹðνˣרܵķı䣬Աߵһ֡
սֱ࣬ïܵĴȺ͵СɽȺ
ߺƬ֣Ͼ־뻹ҪһЩԷٶʵ̫ˣߺ֪Էʲôʱ׷
һ·ϣǸ̿ҲûţϵߺȾÿһѸ쳣
ߺҲϵĶܣһ·ϲϵʩչܣֵԷĹ
ȴûһֻÿһζƬԷȥ
ֻʧֵʱ򣬸ߺҲǷйεˣϳ˵ѪڣϵѪѩ׵·ʪˡ
θߺǳǷˣֻǲһ㣬ͬٵйεһ㣬ʹ̡
һο֮󣬸ߺѧˣһ·϶֧һǷлδߺǰͱסˡ
ʹߺҲľǾʮףǽԼδֵܹסԷĹ
һߺȥ


131 
ӣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣƽߺŭĺһƵϮһС硣
ʱߺѾʮˣ֮УǸ̿;Ͷ䶼ַ磬Էʽй
ߺڶеˣһ·ܣһ·ϵɧţȻûпʼʱǿˣȴʮַˡ
Ǹ̿ҲƣҪ˵ԼһûߣȻҪȥɱһصߡ
ҪǣԼûгɹΨһսƷɱ˼ʿʵͷֻ̫ܵңеһֱ֪ѡ
Դǿʼ׷ϣоһֱͷһֱûзֹʹǳжûз֡
עеĶȫעߺ˹ȥԷӪ֮ǰһֱһظġ
ӣ㴩ôʱУ֪𣿡
лӣʲôʲôҲˣðһ䣬ʲô
ӣʮʱҪǲ䣬ؤһᣬ׵ģڵӣԤ֪Ժˣ㲻аɣҰ㣬ʱһȥ͸Ǯ֤

Ѿ̣ʱעģǺ޲ýߺʬΣǿԽͷ֮ޣ
ߺҲû뵽֣յЩȻôãȻһظҲϵ׷ɱߺ֪Ļ᲻ˣ
ߺһֱǼһţֵǣԷԽԽǰߺε뵽ô͸ʺƵģҡԣƨ棡Ҳԡ
Сβͣˣô˼ɣǽ׷ᣡ
̿Ҳƣû뵽һ߾ȻԼʮ⻹Ҫġ
Ҫľ̫ɾˣȻһ·һ·Ȼ˵ˣֻŸϿ϶ԷȻ˺á
ֻϧԷṦ̫ˣܾȻŵͬĻӰСҲѧˣϵתŷܡ
ÿηһϻлӰֻһСģǣСӾȻרʽĽС
һʽƷеĴڣ¸ߺÿζоյĶȹ
Сӣ㵨㲻ҪܣͣһۣǸ̿ںŭĺ
Է˵ߺջشһ䣬˼ҾԼûòǣҲһҲһǴƵģ
Ǵֻ̿һڶؿڣϲ²ȥʲôʱܹѽ
˿̸ߺȱͻȻһΪģôԶľ룬ڸߺ˾Ƭֲˡ
һƬڱȽƽ̹ط֣ǳïܣܲ͸磬һľ״ǽһ㡣
Ѿˣֲﶼֳ΢ƵɫԶԶȥԶһƬ̻Ի͵Ĺһ㡣
ʱʱµǼƬҶչֳ
ƬïܵĴ֣ߺ¶ϲɫź󺰣ǸӺ٣үү룬ؼְְɣ
˵գ嶸Ȼ٣弱ٵƬȥ
̿仰֮ɫ࣬ȻһЩԾϸĿһܣȻдž֣еȻ嶸ȻŸߺȥһ·ϴһ硣
ߺͷȥν֪һһ
ֻǸ֮̿дͷ񣬳Ÿߺ
񣬾͸Ƶģҿߺۣ֮ȻѿԷ
ӳԴҩˣߺ뵽
ппȻԷʹȫˣԼҲԴУȻԶԷʵпܽԼԶ⡣
˴羰ãΪĹػ˰ɣ
ӰȫʩչŵӰƻãϵĳڸߺΧӰӵĳ֮£ߺıҲõһ㡣
𳾷ɣķѣߺ嶸Ȼ٣ƬԽԽˣ̿ҧҧ͵һȵ
ֻȻͣ˽Ų˫ȼٵתϽγתȵٶȣԽԽ޴
γɾ޴磬뿪˫ȣߺȥ
ֱʮףߴϰף·ϲϵı任·ߣߺϵĿ
羭ĵطϵĲݶˣ¶ɵĹ֣ڳսѪݵ΢
濴ͬѵľһ㣬Ÿߺķȥ
һеĴ˿̣Щˣ΢΢ĴϢһ£ּŸߺ׷
ߺҲһ羪ˣ֪ʲô裬Ȼķͷôݵ
εĺɽûκãƽҲǣ·ǹεƮһ±ˣ˳绮ȥ
ߺŬѽγĽסʹʹȫҲ޷г
ѽߺŭһŭڣͷ˫۳졣
ĳɱƱվмתһɺ֮Ȼƺܶסˡ
һȻγɣҲϵ֮չǱȻչȻһչԲɡ
粻ϵı򶳽ᣬ̫󣬺ϵıߣǱȻбơ
⻹꣬ߺܵı򽥽ȥɱɰ룬ɣɰ룬ɡ
űĲСеĺҲڲϵ
ⷽԲɵıֱ󣬾ȻŨ˷ԲһɣԭıС˲٣еĺȻŨӽʵĵز
ⷽȻսˣߺıͲ൱ڻصĻıˣǸߺķˡ
α֮󣬷뺮ɼӣ˵˿Ǹ̿ͬʼǰ㣬ߺ߳һȣߺֻǷų򣬾Ϳǿ֮¡
˵ڱͷųܣǷ޻˵ȫ굲¶⡣
ʱߺҲһ˳ؿڴָǿű飬ǱΧȻ䣬ȴûнᵽ̶ֳȡ
ڱ鷽Բһ֮ڣǺɶȣ˷ָʹǻߵ޷͸ǲ
⻹Ǹߺб齫ЩյԵʣʹǱ΢ЩֹͣɢǱķĽ͡
ʹߺһ㱻
˵ǿűȫʢʱڣ¼ʹǺǿ޷ɣҪ֪ǿűǻһˣ֪֮
ҪľǿɱĺᣬԷŸļ̣˵Լıᵽ̶ϣҲģԸߺô죡
ֻзˣߺδļʲŸһЩ
еķвϵĹߺ壬бĴڣǱȻǵз׷׵巽Բһ֮⡣
ʱߺҲ֮У粻ϵߺ壬ҪѸߺ˺ɼ룬˺ɷĩ


132 챦
֮ıȻǸǵģУȻһ˿˺ûУߺɵø̾
һα̿ͷˣҲʮֵľȣԼԼԼɲһ߿Եֿġ
УǽȫͨĻ߶Եֿ͸˵Ļˡ
ȵǸߺȻڷԲһ֮ڣȻһɫĵشȻķҪǿ֡
ʼսʱ򣬸ߺУÿһжźÿһжޱȣĻ嶼һܹܵס
ŰɣǸ̿ͺȻ˵۾ֱĶŸߺ
ߺֻŬĵֿ磬Ǹ̿͵Ļ仰û˵ͬĬˡ
Ǹ̿Ͳûоȵı飬һĴݲȵĿŸߺһʤȯյı飬΢ЦĿŸߺ
ߺƳһۣԷвûо֮ɫҲܾ档
Ҫ֪ȫʵһţϵĲǸߺ֪ģЩûģһЩصĺõģͲö֪ˡ
ҲǸߺʵﻯ澳󣬲֪ġʵекܶ࣬ߺģֻ֪ˡ
Ҫ֪ÿһߣּţܹһɳţȫ򣬲
Ǿ󲿷ţȻûʷĻȻڲ򣬲Ϊ֪
һҲͽһˣĶûȫ˽֪ĳ̶ȡ
ߺܱ֮Ϊ֪ʵģȼˣָ˻ΪߺһصĹ
ûо೤ʱ䣬ߺûйʱ侪ˣΪʼʱ򣬸ߺһȥˣʱƣһҲߺԽԽˡ
СӣҵôƵģɣǸ̿ںЦ岢ûֹͣߺķٱ
غϵһ֮ǿˣǿЩ֧ŲסˣȻʼ
еиӵǿˣҲһ࣬תٶҲ˲٣пһѷ졣
ߺ룬æ֧ܣһЩ͸ķз׷ױ档
ʹˣߺҲЩֹоԼ֫ʮƥקһ
һʹʹУͨ崫ߺĴԣߺ꣬ߺͷðĺ飬ûһ嶼ȫ͸ˡ
ȥǰ취ñɺϲ˺ɷ飡ߺһת˼νǰشΣ
ʱ̿ƮĳǾ޴֮ǰһߺ߳ȡ
ɿ֮Уǹɿ֮ǿˣеĹǿˣٶҲӵĿˡ
ߺıܣҪסЩϯ
һЩϸ΢ķУͨ˸ߺϣҿߺǶſסЩС
ǣȻȻûյκε˺Ƿڸߺµӡ
⻹ϸ΢ķУЩ΢һЩķУ¾Ͳ°ӡôˣǵѪۡ
Щ޴ķУ¸ߺͻữˣ˺ôˡ
״δάֶ೤ʱ䣬̿ôģĵŸߺ˰취
˫Ȳϵ߳ȾÿһȾƮ޾Ŀ硣
Щ粻ϵļǵ֮УϵļӴ󣬸ɱ
ߺıʼбĺۼһ֮󣬻ɴĺ
ȻûбƵǿֻ֮õ֮ϡ
ߺҲ֮ݺݵȥƤǽſ屻ĶһЩ
ѪܿʼѣƤļʹƤʼѣ˿˿Ѫ߿ʼ˿ƮɢУɢ֮С
ߺϱ˿ڣѪģȫѩ׵·ȾѪ졣
ϣߺ϶Ѫģ˿ϺˣѪ˿вϵķɳߺе
ڵĸߺϽһѪˣеѪ͸·ȥ
һЩѪͣڱ֮У뵽֮ȥʹøߺܵı򶼱΢΢ĺɫ
ߺоԼʶ𽥵ģĺܣԼԵʱ򣬿¾Լɥʱ
Ǹ̿ͻ治ϵĴ߳һȾſȾϵ뵽ǵ֮Уʹǹǿ
ߺоԼܵıҪЩ֧ŲסˣѾʼƣϵздй룬иߺϣڸߺϳһɼǵ˺ۡ
ЩƲڲϵʲôӦԴʩȱˣԼ¾ͻ˲ɼΣȻ֮У˺ɷĩ
̿Ͳϵߺ߳Ⱦߺһҧһᣬĵ뻢Ѩɵûӣܼ꣬ʺ磡
ߺڵʮֵļᶨͿ˳ĵﻯصľ磬һմĺڵΪḡ䲻ȡ
ҲǸߺΨһ·Ϊ䣬Ժ취ȹ̾ͺˣܱã
ΪĻֻΪѣΪĻͻŶΣѡ˭Ҳôѡ
Ͼһţ½ԿաʲôΪʲôʲôѰٻӵˣһе۷塣
޷ȡôӴȻûа취ʱȡǾֻһ취ǾԺ
ڸߺ˵ߣ¶ȵ͵ĺӴӹá
ߺ֪ǲҲʣǲսоͻʵ
Ҳ֪ʵĵ֮УǲҲͬԼһ㣬ҲͬһԪĴڣǲҲԼڵıһǿҪ֪ߺڵıǾ˸ߺΡ
ߺڵűҲ湻ģÿǿ󣬾Żתգߺƽ֧䲻Ҳһˡ
һԼʲô£ޣСסѽ
ܱûкãߺǸ㲻ǵʲô
Ҫ뵤ڵıͷźǸߺøǼһˣŸôһ
ңɢɺǿǱϾһøߺףϾ˵㣬Ͼ̫ˡ
ߺиõĶеǸָ˳ֻǽռָеĿռһ˿ѷ죬ĺȻӿ
ߺֻԼһ嶼ʼľеıҪֲסˣֲϵĶɢļˡ
ɺȸߺͷŵĺɺˣߺʱûպǹɺڱŰȴǲϵĽߺıӹ̡
ǱѷҲɺˣЩ˲һ¾ͱ絲ڱ֮⣬ˣŨ̶Ҳ˲٣ԶȥͺһƬŨŸߺ


133 ʣͻ
챦ǳɱӹ̣ÿһƺͭǽϣ죬һ˿Ѻ۶ûг֡
ߺʶҲ𽥵ոЩԺ¾Ϳ춨סˣ˵ߺǿ¾ǱҲûˡ
Ϊ¸ûĵط
ߺϵƣȻ챦ɢĺڻָǲôĻָǸߺڵȴǻָ˲١
ɱĺ֪ȸߺڵĺ߼ٱֻһ͵ߺָĲ࣬һͻ˺
⻹ڸߺʣߺûоĴô¶ȣֻǽӴһ£ͻ˲䱻ɱ궼ᱻתĻᶼûС
ڸߺҲûʵֻеԼʵˣʵһĳ̶ȣתĻᡣ
ʵҲתе㣬ǿռһ˵
ǣʵ̶ֳȵģ඼Ǻڵߣ򲻵ѵǲɵµġ
Ҫ֪Ҳмʵģڱ˵Ļ꺣Уǿȡޱ˵꣬ϾΣյģҪǿģǺܾܿͶʧܡ
ʧܣܾܿζűλҰ˵ĹСĹҫͻҷԶ֮أֱ
ԣһѡᣬѡӤڸеʱ򣬶ÿһֻһζĻᣬ˵Ƿʣǿ޶
򲻵ѣе߶һġ
ҪǣǲģԴﵽһĵزʵ͵ʱ򻹿ΪԽߣԽʮʵҲͷ߳ɣٸˣͻ걾˺
ȻܹԷĹˣߺӳ磬Ͽӽ֡
֮Уߴ׳ľӱܣҾҲԿһĵֵá
뵽Ǹߺһ硣
գߺһؿڵĴָռѳһ϶ʹ֮ⲻϵðźǿ
һ棬ȴڲͣıԵȥҾıԵԽԽ
顭
ϵķвϵĻڸߺϵԵʣԽԵҲԽ
ԽΧмǹ֮ԸߺҲõԽǿ
ˣе̶ܼ빥ǿһвϵĻڸߺı֮ϣߺıȻѿĺۼ
ʱ򣬸ߺѾܽˣǼ⣬ֻҪ̤⼸һƬأٶֳȥһͲΪ˱ǿȥΪˡ
ǣ鲢ûиߺôֹۣǸ̿ͲĿŸߺܣǣƺøߺӵƬ֡
ҲѾˣ⿿Ѿˣе˺ѾԸߺûʲô˺ˡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôղߺԵֿˣܵı򶼳Ѻۣû뵽̿ȴԵֿͭǽһ㡣
ߺ岻ϵֵķƶǸ̿͵ҲԽԽЩ졣
ڸߺҪʱǸ̿¶˺ġ
һҧӭŷȥͬһ磬ǹȻû˿Ӱ죬ͺǸղŷĵȷ磬һ¾뵽档
ڷҲˮƶٶȸӵĿˣֻŷ籼ܵġ
ңͲ֪һ̻ʲôطҲϵߺȥ
ʹøߺɵ˼θߺеıȴû˿ˡ
ңһߺı򣬾Ͳ˼֣ŸߺںĴڣٶȼˡ
ߺںûκεӰ죬ٶȻ˲٣Ǽֻһˣмϱ򲻶ϵİȾߵܵʱѾС˺üˡ
еǹԸߺĶȴ첻κε˺
ǷʣߺȵԼӸ
Ҫֻ˷Թһ˿˺ûУΨһĽ;ǣ˱š
ղţ˾Ͷ䣬п繥Լÿһͷһ㣬Ѹ٣Ʈ
ߺԼȻû뵽ԷţһԼӦøˡ
ţǺͨܳʣľˮʣڲǲ򼸺洦ɼ
һ֮УһԷһļʡ
ǣȻʽȻͬʸѵá
׵ơÿһţڲŶΪġ
˵ʻȼʾһʣȻʾڶʣҲͽĸ׶ηΧһЩġ
ҪΪοһСطܳȻʣߺܲ
ߺѹҲӴˣĵβô򵥾ͽģʲôҪ򵥵ܺѣ

Сӣû뵽ȻͣʸʹһеĲ࣡һĻһ֮£ҲˣǸ̿Ӹߺ
Ӱȣͺһ廯һ磬ߺ
ڰУ˿ٵߺһȣȴûκεȾӰͺǸֻһͨȶˡ
ǣߺȴҴ⣬ԷһʼĿĺԣҪԼûӸԼߺҲɵΪԷŹԼ
ԣߺ֮һֱתţ֮ϵ۾ӿȥҿռָͷŵѷˣĺӿ˳ϵļӹű
ǣʹۣ֮Ҳ޷κζߡ
ûøߺ׼೤ʱ䣬֮ʹıߺֻԼȫ顣
ҪñȥֹȾȾͬһ㣬ϵı任λãεˣϵߺı𹥻
ңȾͬ磬ϵ߽ɢߺı򣬸ߺıı
ҵģ컹бҪƴһˣߺһᣬؿλõöռָ϶һ·Ŵһ롣
ĺӵ˲䱻ӹƾô߽⣬Ȳǿűĺ
ߺҲûţ֪Էʲôʱٴʲô׼һء
ߺܵëȫ򿪣ϵͬʵʵĵɫ
ǿɱĺǻɫģҺޱȣʹߺǱʣоԼȫ¶Ҫˡ
ǸоǸߺȷʵǽˣȫһϸϸı
ߺΪҲڲϵպгس۷壬ڣ۷壬ڣ۷塣
ͲһˣߺڸоԼһˣڵľӲˣһſ¾ͻữƬ
ɰڴһˣߺǿָȫرգӽԵĵزˡ
ָر֮󣬸ߺſһܵĺ˳Ÿߺ죬뵽ߺУΪߺ
䡭
أɣ


134 ӳ
ߺоԼڵӿȵߺԼЩƲס
ΪһɲǣߺĳվҲˮɵʮأǵʮ۷壬ڵĳվԸߺ˵ȼЩˡ
ǽվԲҲǵﻯ۷壬߸ոյﻯسڡ
ԺеæˣѰٱˣǲðѽߺһԸ̾
Ҫ֪վȻ˽׹֮УʲôĹˣҲԶʹѰҵ˽ĹԲҲǻء
Ҫٻ˹Ҫٴθ޹˷ѵʱ䣬ȥѰ׹
׹ߺʹ龳磬ҲԼʹá
⵹ǺѣҪ֪ÿһ֮ж׹ǶǸЩʵǿӣǸŵӣ洫жӵĴڡ
ΪҲڻأǻΪԶǸߺΪԱȽϵġ
Ȼߺʵŵ֮УôҲֱܹЩ洫ӣʵΪǣҪȡ治һ׵顣
ΨһĻᣬӦҲǽ׵ʱ򣬲μű䣬ʾһԼʵȡܹе˻ܣ˵洫ŵӵĵһȨһ
ڰݽŵӣڸߺĿ֮Уֻ֮ҪΪﻯأͻΪ洫ӣЩʵǿŵӸͲͬն
Ǿأкܽһʱ䣬ֻˡ
Ҳ֪ⳡսеʲôʱ򣬸οߺĶֻͦģͱǴе񣬳ˣߺ͸оԷǿӦҲԽսţʵӦҲͨĻؽ׶εʵ
ЩΪʱ磬ҪǰΣ
ߺеȣߺԼ嶼ԼĿˣһױȵǿĺϵ˳Ÿߺĺë¶
ƺռ䶼ˣеˮֶӲĺѹϸСıڿ¡
ҲǸߺڵ̫ǿˣǸߺڿȫƵģڸߺڵȻǿ󣬵Ǹߺȫƣе߳ɡ
ʣЩߺȫƲסЩǶģҲ˵ߺڵȻǿ󣬵Ǹߺʵû̫ࡣ
ҲͷűǿһЩȴû̫ࡣ
Ͼߺڵûа취ȫƿأԿõҲЩʽû취ǿ
ƽƾ͸˵ˣЩҪģʵԶġ
һеһлҪģڶԸߺҪǣڵĳվҲͬǰǵļ
ڵľеһ̶ˮֻǴھаˣû
еһжǸߺǿΪΪ鸡ɵĺ
ֻиߺΪȹˣʵŻһ֮ǰ¸ߺʵͻһֱ͡
ߺΪȻһ˲һأ̿;ˡ
սΪҲֻ˵ɴûмѽ
˵ʹǴӱ˿˵ܹսнףҲû˵˿Էһ׶Ρ
˼ұ˾ʵҲǴ۷һ׶Ρû˵ߺģһ׶εĳڣֱһ׶Ρ
ͦǸֻ̿Ǿȣûпֻš
˵ߺڼʹǻߣвҲ٣Ҳо΢΢ЩһЩˡ
ĴƮɢѩǸ֣̿ȥ֪ԸߺʵγɵĶǿʲô̶ȡ
ȴδߺǲŵһ˿΢ЦıзԲһɣҲ˵ֻⷽԲһ֮ڣѩƮɢ
ĺѩȻϿô򵥣ܺͨѩһĺȡ
Щѩǰ˸ߺڵĺϸߺĳɱƣߺƶעȥˡ
Ǹ̿͵ָմѩ͸оһɴ̹ǵĺ壬ѩ£ܵ˺ҲԽԽء
оԼֶҪˣջضˣڰա
ںǲϵֱԵʣٶȶ˲١
ȻЩͣΪͿʤңδ̫쿪ˣǴ̿һķ
漴֮ڵӿһɿ˳ЩѩĹı䡣
ǣߺȴ˫һǴ˿̣
ý
ߺĳУһΣ˾ŵӰߺıҲ뵽ŵӰ֮С
ЩѩߺȻ˷ǣһѩʮȣ򲻻Ƶʹ
ߺʹýǸ̿æ֧ߣܲߺһ˻ͺöˡ
ٸߺǼ˵û̫˺ǿȫԵֿסߺ߾
ߺľŵӰֻǽǸ̿ΧסʱδǸ̿ͷκι
ؽ
Щѩδ紵Զߺͽ֮˹ȥЩѩ׷ܵ̿͵Ǹߺԣ׷׻һһ
һڸߺеĳϣߺĳʼðźȥµĿݲ϶һ
̫Сˣսޣһ㲻ͱ¶ԼĿ𣿡
ߺĶ˵ȻоˣתŸߺЦ
ǣߺȴһ˿鶼ûУֻĿǸ̿ͣЦԼ
ָߺսôͣ̿͵ĵǷˣͲȥκӰֱĶǰߺ
ƽνν
ŵӰһͬճмǸ̿ʩչƽ
ʵǸ̿ͲδнеעǰߺǸߺʹһơ
ﬡ
û뵽űһͬ㵽ĻϣֻǰһʵعʮֵĴ뿪ʼʹƽʱһ޶
Ĺ͸룬δκӰ졣
ͷˣеעʼǰһߺϣĶǻӰͷעˡ
ƽʹ֮ߺ趯ʮӰȥ
ĺϰ˻ģ
Ǵ̿ŭһ߳ĵӰɢȥֻһ¾ͽǼĽɢˡ
⻹꣬ĵӰɳʮԶ֮ÿһȾֻӰ˵ӰһߺϮ
ﬡ䣡
ֻδߺǰͱߺıֵ档
˵Ӱͱһߺıû챦֧վǲ㣬ձ˵Ӱɷĩ
ڵĸߺֻճ̿ʹٶȷǳĿ졣
Ǹ̿һ˼ȫŻȭͷһȭǱ
ء
ǱѸȥԶĵϣһױȵĺӼͷųƬһ㺮
Ǹ̿͵ȴˣϣһһ
ΪڣܳһˣһˣոΪǸߺǸӰҲ˵Ӱһͬʧˣ


135 ة֮
ִߺһž޴֮ϣϵĴϢϵĴӿ³ڶϣǶ̱ˣ
ߺʱ䲢ֻ̫Ǻ˼ںͽֹͣˡ
ߺеΪȫסˣľвϵۣ󼸺Ϊʵ壬ͣھһһ
ߺƲ˵ǹߺס¸ߺϵһ˿ûУڵĸߺֻˡ
ߺһеʱǸ̿ͻƬյؽĶǸΪǸߺĻӰأ
ԭߺղЩѩɱʱ򣬵ȷǸ̿͵ǵӰ֮УȻʩչؽ
ʩչƽν֮󣬸ߺӰͳŻңǱӵһӰ֮УȻǸ̿͵עȫŵǵӰ֮Ǹ̿͵ıǴȥ
ҲǸߺܵķ֮вĻһǸ̿ͷˡ
ʱսвǸ̿Ҳ⣬㲨ͱսڸǹȥˡ
Ǹ̿ͻǴȻ죬ߺϰΪסһǸ̿ͷ֡
Ǹ̿ͷšĺϰ˻ġ֮󣬸ߺ͸Ӽᶨ뷨ˡ
ĺϰ˻ĲννɢҸһ¾ͽķ顣
Ȼ˵ǵȻǸߺǿ״̬ȫʢʱҲ޼ǸߺЩѩȫչ֮ǿ֮ǿ֮ǰ޼
ǣǾסһ֮ҪʩչһУ¸ߺ͵ֲסˡ
ңԷӣӦ⻹ȫʵҪʩչʹߺǿҲޡ
˿̣Ǹ̿ȴɫĿĿĴأ˫ȭյÿֱ죬ֱͷֱð
СӣҹеӳҾһսϸĸһδκεĲ̲סŭ
һѾѾ˵ˣֱð磬Χ˺쫷磬еĲݶε
˵ǳ裬裬һصССߣȻˣܺͺǿ߶һģȴһСôˣܵصĴ
ŭ׶вϵðѷ磬ϵֶɷĩ
¶ݣһĻɱԶϵĸߺ
ʮңʣľЩˣϾߺûҲۣ֮²һ˿Է֡

һ˵ҲڳˣͷҲһЩãСӾȥˣƹʮӣǱˡ
ҲΪߺһԶˣû뵽ߺȻеӸڸطͣ
ȴЩߺһţ仰֮󣬸ߺȻ
ֲҪɱ֣ҼλϵӵأǵĿǼŭ֣壬󲿷ֵľӣ֮һ򾡣
ߺĬĬ뵽Ȼͷһתԣ֣˵õϢƹֻǾۼˣûսѽһЩè塣
֮֮
ȻԼϢˣҪһ̽ô¡

Ǹ̿뵽ߺᴳƹ֮أҲæŵ׼ֵһ弱Զȥ
ߺҲո˵󣬾Ȼ˸ոȥķβȥ
ֻߺûô֮вϵ
ǣϾûа취ʩչӰΣϸߺٶȱľͱǸ̿˦ˡ

ʱ󣬸ߺڵƬ֡
̫ܵˣ궼ˣ׳ˣߺ˳ŷһֱ׷ϧʱû˵
ɸǰԸߺٵġ·ˣ
ڣߺϱ㲻ˣڵֻ֪»С
ԭǸ̿ҲǴģ¸ߺ棬δֱȥ֮أһȥġ
һɿ˸ߺ
ߺתһȦ벻ԣԶʱ޷ʱԵ˽аΧ
϶֮Ļ϶ҲֵıԵ
뵽⣬ߺµĽӡȥʱȥʱǿ˼֡
ֻʮӣͻصԭţߺֵıԵʼϸѰƹӵټ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬춼Ѿʼˡ
һ֮ǰҲڵʱﵽֲָĳ̶ȡ
ʵǸߺۣ֮ȫԿģߺڽѰҡ
ϴŸžҹ죬ĵߡ
ÿжѲ߱Ĵڣǿɶǰǿģߺûʮսֻʣˡ
ڸߺǰʱһӵ˸ߺĶ䣬Ǽˡ
ߺæϴȥȫעǵ̸
ӣǻǻȥɣʵ̫Σˣ
ǰӲǶԶǻǻȥɣ
⼸Ȼҹܱӵ£˵ѰҼŮˣǶѰҲֱǷ
ǣԪ˧ȷзԸá
ģ˵ʲôԪ˧үΪƹة֮ӣɱȵģ
Ǹһ±ȵβͣȻ˼֣Ԫ˧ƨĻҪҼҵĺʼôҼ弸ӣҪΣգҲҲң
Ǹ˷ŭĺڸһٵĻᣬȥ˵ĵطѰҼƯŮ˹үҷййĻǵְĻӾͽȫɱ
ǣӣһ
͡
˵ͷ­ͱǸһն£Ѫ˳ųε£̱ǵѪζڿС
Ǹة֮гǱޱȣٸһٸߣɱޡ⣡
һ£е˶Ҳ˵ˣΨΨŵŵġ
ŸʲôϽȥң𣿡
ˣǹİΣ
쵰һߣõϿҹȻҲ⽫ȫɱǡ˵ţֶ˶еĳ
еһɢ׷ܱܶȥ
е˶ߺ˴ſ˸ߺ£⿪´ʼС⡣
ǣߺȴδԴԶǵεʵ˳ĳЩȥ
ߺ뵽ʲôΣ״̬ʲôŮˣʱ
ĵǲϴ˸ߺǡ
ʲôأ裿ǹ
ߺͷĺߣСӾȻ׼ϼʮҩбѽ
һѰҶԷϳ齫ˣţϡ
ߺ̾û£ûѽǸˣ


136 ˡ
ޣĻҵӵģ⼸ȥһҪʬΣǸة֮Ӻݺݵһڿˮݺݵ
ֹǵļеɱŮƯү֣˵⣬Ǽһһ֮ɫ
ˣڹ˵ãǵļһΣұ֤ýǹȵȣ
ǸĹ뵽⴦üɫʱһ𣬾
仰֮ǸɫЩ죬Ҳ֪ԼԱ߻ѽ⻰˵ģһ䲻ѽ
ʱɫѾ΢ߵܺã͸èͷӥƵģ˿ʼԷ
ߺǰǸ꣬ݽϺãӢȴ׵Ĺ֣ˮ֣ǲģӦ¡
鸡ȣֻվǾͷ·һ֮ܽ
ߺ˵ͬʱǸҲߺǰվһһˣɷ׵ʮϸ΢˿ںˡ
һѪ·ͬѪݹһ㣬ȴδд̱ǵѪζѪζѾߺú·֮ڣԲŲ
Ҹߺôͻأվ֮ϲκβð硣
ǹ˵Щˣ˵
ߺ΢ЦҡҡͷǸӡ
֪ߺǹһ漴תͷȥ
ŻڴڵŻӺǱǿ̧۰ֵָߺ㳤̫˰ɣ
ߺȻһȻԼøߺЦá
ڵҲûʲôˣȻԼòָֻŵġ
ߺδиһʶô治ں׻˵úã˲빷
ߺûпԼսףԼҲһ
ͷɢͷҲиĲβ롣
ǸŻ֮ɫֲСӣŻңɣ
˵꣬ȫ»صȫɢϯܡ
ڸߺ˵Ϊ鸡ӦҩӲģԼһʵʵ
һʵǻأʵȴֻлһĻء
ߺܵ΢΢ҡҡͷʵ̫ˣʹԼֻͿԽ֮ܡ
ߺǿʼеߺսپδ֦
ߺӴһͷųܵľݵϼɳһ㱡ıԲʮһƬɵģһƵġ
ʵĲ̫ˣֱ֮𣬸ߺĺֻͷŵһɲǣǸ˲䱻֮ˡ
ʲôʲôҵΪεˣѽǸ˵ɫ˲
лٽлҽж˿飡ߺݺݵ˵
ңҿƹة֮ӣˣɱңҾȫҲúŮǼһŵе㲻˵ˡ
Ůȥ˭ǿЦٽиС˵꣬ߺĶһ˵ɲ
仰Ȼã˹Ȼн˫ȣŵĿŸߺߺÿһζѡ
̿ˮŵ˵˭ɷģ
ߺͷߣСӸɵĻ²ѽҡҡͷ
˭Ķӣߺҡͷ

ߺҡͷˣһֱһ棬ʮСʮͷǳƯģĿ귶Χ֮ڡ
ߺֱȥˣͷϵĺԽԽ࣬յĿֱ졣
ˣߺͺһѸٳֵ˵ǰĲϣ߾١
ңƹʲôط㲻˵Ҿ̽ˣԺҸԶˣ
ߺջŸߺĻ˵ɫϵı任ʮѿ֮ɫŨ˫֮һ˿ǡ
ǸߺԸ⿴ģҲ֮УˣûӲͷ
ôңҲ㲻ѰһŮһ£ôߺƣյ
һƸ棬ǴبŲĶ
Ǹ˻ԥߺӼתԼʶУʲôƯ˵Ĵڡ
ͷֻʣһ֡˾ͽ̡
˾ͽϵŮȻʮģ֮ŮȻҲˣһֱǰ˾ͽ˵Ȼ˺ܶࡣ
֪˾ͽôпԼǲģϾʳɫҲߺһ飬һĬĬֹţ˺ܶࡣ
һ֣Ǹ˵æܵߺߣ˵ʲô˾ͽ̣ʶ˾ͽ̣ܽԼ˵Ŀģ
ߺعͷ΢ЦȻ٣
׻˵Թɫ죬һߺȻʶ˾ͽ̣˼ѪƵãЦ磬λ磡ոҲǸ㿪ЦھҵѣҾʹȥӪֻҪ
˵⣬߿һ£½˷ƵãֻҪ㽲˾ͽ̽гҺһ˵ҪӪˣھӪҪһְٰҶܸ쵽
ߺ΢΢˵ͷãһΪڻҪЩӹ֬׷𣿡
ңһڿˮҪǱүﲻҪźһ£Ҳȥˣ
ˣҪӪĻõľǰҵҴڣμһִо񣬲ұң㲻Ҫۣ
˺Ȼתͷ˵кЦ⣡
˼ףǲҪɱ˱ģԼɱпܾͻᱻڡ
ȻҲףҲҪˣ˾ͽԶҲˣ
ţͷźţǼﶼؾӪ˵ţһһָͷϸһֳ̣пƶ
һХƻ
ߺ֪һźţµоһ㵽ˡ
˵ϽǼ·ϣǸ˾ͽ֮ӵԶԶأñǿ
ȻûһһӰԶűٶȼ죬;зǵǰһεնϡ
˲Ϣͣµʱ򣬴һƬҵĿ硣
ߺϸһǸˣһĸӣһɿ񱩵ӿ
ⲻǸߴһؤͷأ
ֻߺûϸ˾һڸߺϣߺ߷ɳʮףײ˺üľ
ߺһѲԼѽԼѾջˣܵĺҲһգôᷢԼأ
һ˵ߺһ
쵰ôүģȻ߶Σ֪𣡡˺
ߺԷָɣԼʵ˵Ǹˡ
˰죬һ˵ųȥļһƹľӪȥ
ߺ֪Բô˳ֻƾһֶԷԼǲܵģ
ߺĲ²ȷȷģʱǸǰ룺һؾӪҼ֣֮Ʒ˾ͽ̽г
ǧ򲻿ԽһİӣƢ̫ҪǴʶ˾ͽ̵ˣһΪ˱ס֮أ̽ߺɱ
˾ͽˣֻһΣҪ֮Ŀ֮ūŰ뵽⣬²Ȼ֤յˣ


137 Χ

үԺҪ֪֪ΣѽҪиôģôҺүôһ·ϣǸ۷ֲϵȰǸˡ
˵̸Уߺ֪˵֡
ƹة཭컯֮壬ǸʵĻ۷ǽĸ֣ǴСʱʼģǽ컯ӣ졣
⽭뽭֮һ𳤴ģֵͬܡԶԴİΣʮģϾӣҲ̫𱸽塣
һֱһԼô壬ʹЩ飬ﻹһֱţһֱӦ
Ͼһ𳤴ģԽ֮һЩη壬ٲôҲ̫˵
壡㲻ǻ۷ĸʵȺǿ㱣İӣܴѲɣСĶԽ
ɫе죬ӲƤ˵ͷոԼһλǻصߡ
뵽ʲôȻͣ½ŲתĳԽ壺ôСʻ괬
ҲʮŵĵͷĶԽ壬ҿǻߣս֣壬пֵܣмҵĶֵģ
Ҳ̧ͷ­עŽ˫ۣСӣҪСˣ֪𣿿ҿʯƱһɱˣ
ңǸ˵ʵҲۼȷй֮
Щ޾ɣڽĻЩΪ⣺壬ָôҾӪ˵ֲҵ
ЩΪ⣬뽫ߺս߽壬ӹŵӣ֪˵ҲûãԸɴڲˣӪȥ
ҲֺںţһߣһСֹͷ˵ۣ
仰ߺû
һڸߺ뽭ʵ̫ˣǽʱҲֹأ̧ͷ۵Ļţ
ߺһǽ潫Լ˵ԼпܱСӹȥ
ƹľӪھԭףǲ֣ռʮʵɫǻɫģء
ӪеĽʿ·ŵģЩѲߵʿ׶Ķǻɫı
ǱҶ֮ײ˶Ǽײжв֡
ЩһʱھӪдţȥĻҲԾ̫װǰȥϴףԱʱս
ǾԭȽϽĵطֱȽϿڵĵطǾ֮أ
ߺͷ۹ÿһط˼żȻˣΪ֣Щʲôɣоĸ߼ɱӦöԵоǺܴĴھϣͽնж
ߺһ·ߣӪеĲλһѰʴĻɫǰͣ
ǽľʣǰػĲǾ֮ޣؿһ֡
ӣӦǽҵǱġ
˿æڵأӭүүοɵĻҵˣ
뽭첻ͬɲǣһҲðͽߵڵء
үһصΪЩܰȫŹ֣ϿĽǰүŭȵ
˱һţǺ޴󰭣ɫŵĴӵܳȥȥˡ
תͷԸߺɫȴһ˿ţҲϵĺˣ˿µƵáλֵܣȽȥɣһðϯһݣ
ߺ֪ܲģֻԼʵģǽǰȻﻹûܹ
ڽ죬ߺûаմеڶѣϾһڶûͺ˵ˡ
һѲߣԸߺڵʵǱɣ
ڽõЦ֮Уߺ̧߽Ǹ޴ľ֮С
һƬĿռչڸߺǰݳƷӦоУ޴Ĵźľľ޴ӷԡ
мһĸӾ޴Ļľӣ̷Ե쳣
ǰһ磬Ҳý̻ż޵ͼ
ߺת棬ͷߣǶѸġ
ɫ米̻ǰȻ̻ͬһЩ¶ǣŸƵŮӵ
ҺҲһʵԡ裬ҲǵŸƵòŮӵĵÿһ¶壬ɫҲ
ߺЩΣһǺɫѽû뵽Ȼɫ̶ֳˣԡ趼Ůӡ
ҲкܶľӣŷŸֽʵƷܡ
ЩŵȥĻҲϰˣǸԡͰЩɫԵĹǣٿʮ
ߵʱЩҵˣߺЦ
ʱϵ˴߽ÿһŲأΪڻ֮䡣
ߺϸһ£Ȼа֮࣬Ǽһ¶ˣһҪԼס
ߺ֮˳ȫһ˿ĲۿΧԼˣÿһɷأǲɱԷ뽫Լס
СӣȰ㻹־ܣȻ˾ͽ̽йүܣȻҾͽܣڼ󣬽ĿŸߺ
ߺչ¶΢Ц˵ǲ̫ˣ
үֵͼ˷ʲôһ˿ûУ϶Ǹץס̱ƹһܽ˾ͽ̴ү֣
ǣүͿǵİɣ

˵硣˼࣬޷ǾԼһܽߺ¡
ãү͸ᣬ֮
ǣүƺðɣүͿϷɣ
ʮӺ󣬽岻òˣ̫ˣⳡϷҪÿжÿҪжѽ
ֻʮӵʱ䣬ߺȻͽ֮סվһ
ߺҲֻͷһ±򣬾ͽΧԼߵļ˵Ϊ뼡ȫסʹ֮Ҳκζ
Ȼߺȫʩչıĳɱڸߺı֮»ǲеˡ
žžƣ̫ˣ̫ˣ̫жˣҳȥҵƺȣһ¹
ⲻо𣿡ߺ˳ִԱһ̳ƣ΢ЦĶԽ˵
磡ȥһ£ſǻ˵
û£ϲģ˵Ϻӿ̳̱һˡ
磡壡ү㣬ҳȥɣұ֤еȱ㣬ѧ
ߺ˹ָͷָежùҾͷŹ㣡
ǼһһͿԲָˣߺȻһƷĽָӻӡ
ߺ˵ͷһ£Ҿ㣡
үʲô£
һЩ߼йȻĻˣ
û׵ģϾĵ˵˵ɷ£


138 ҹն
ţúúãסƽǰҪӪĵͼЩסʲôط𣿡ߺ˵ͷ
ΨΨŵŵĵͷĽգסҪҪˣʲôУǰ水˵һ춯
˵գһһ½׳Уսνնϻ
ٶȿ쵽˼ĳ̶ȣû֣ͳˣڽУߺսĶûı
ɻĿŸߺ׸ߺʲôȴŵò˵
һ֮󣬾ߺԶһ˲ڣƽ羵
ߺ΢ЦĿſڲյĽ壺㲻ΪⴿĶҪӲɣаմһѣ㵽ʱԿ
硭

үģһᱳģһԭˣ˵㻰ߺһϸıЦŸߺ˵
ȴŽٺĸоոյȷ룬Ž˵Ĺ򣬽˵סߺԼֻҪӵľʴͰȫˣ
Ϊ̫ˣֲ̫뽭壬ɴһ۲Ϊʵλþ뽭ľʺԶ
ϵرľ룬һھӪмλãһھӪıԵ
ҲǸߺʱģҪǾ̫ԶߺҲͷˣϾһԼλþͱ֪ģ
ڵĽ嶼ЩˣʲôôԶںˣˣٶô죬ӾӪһͷм䣬ҲܱȵϸߺɱԼٶȿ죡
ίһ£ߺʳָһָн壬ӿѸٱˣվԭضҲ
ߺǼϵĺһ㣬ԼɰöԷ塣
Ƿֱ˵࣬Щ֮󣬸ߺֽǵȫٴα
󣬸ߺоʱ䣬Ͼʱ仹磬̫ոѣԸߺϴ˰
ھпԼףߺԼһû뵽Լڱô⣡
ҿǴñܵĸñոոߺҲ½췢֣ñѹ˵㣬òסˣ
ϴ˼Ȼý·һ£뵽ʲôϵŻ
ڸߺȻ˰̣ǱղֲѪҵ׵Ǻ˲٣
ֽԼͷŪһ£·Ŀһ¾еԼĵ˵ͷ
Žϵĺգ΢ЦĶ֮˵ƽķʽ緹Ͱ˵ȥ
ߺ֮ô˵ôԸ
Ը֮󣺡ˣƽôôɣȻһ㣬Ϸҽ̸ɣ
òãһᣡţᳵ쾶Ϳʼ⿪´
ߺͷʱǼһѾˣʼأ
ӣأߺ
ǿʼϷҪ˯һȻ緹ѽʵڲ׸ߺΪʲôԲԵ˵
ߺһܸı飺ʲôʱ𣡡
ʮһɣһȷ˵
ʮһ㣬ô˵ѽģֱӴӳ緹ʱʼ˯һ
úúá֪ˣˣ㣡תͷЦСĶԸߺ˵үҲҪ㰡
ߺĵһͷɣһ㣡
ϣǵĻʳˣޣܱޣ¹ޣƽϣΪ˱סϧɵСˡ
Żߺϵİ֣ˣˣôԵöֲֶȫôɧأ
øߺŻ£Ҳ֪ԼĿĲˣɴֱӴ󺰣ӾͲˣЩˣ
ߺŻ£һǿվԷĻȥֱӽйƽ滭Ӫֲͼɣ
ڵûʲôϾߺĳвţԽǾְһκܺõͽ
ȻЩ˶Խķٶ֣ҲӵĲ˺ܴûлʲô
ǼƽھֻƷκһ󽫾Ǹ߼Ҫ˵ϲŭ޳Ķȱˣ
ƽרŹӪֲĽԾӪķֲͼд⵹ʡ˻滭ʱˣ
ľǽеĽľסر껭ˣߺҲѷԸ壬սñϡ
ߺûʱ佫еĽɱ˷ʱ£ɲ
һУѾƻˣλƽߺȻߵˡ
ԣֱӷ˻Ϊر
ߺϸĿһµͼĽȻڰλҴ󲿷ֶǻϵġ
صҲмʮɲˣЩһͬΧߺߺֻܵķݡ
ڵȵϣߺʼжˡ
һĿ꣬Ǿ뽭һеĽʵл۷壬ڽԱߵĴ󲿷ֶǻصĽ졣
ҲΪ˱ƣø߼ڽߣȴû𵽷öǽԨ

½Ҫ˵Ҫ̣
룡Ǹνĳ½æվÿףվſλӭӽ塣
ʵǸĻû˵꣬ʹһͷ˽
Ǹ½æһ񣺡³Ͳμӣ֪Ӵ˴ǰΪ£
еʿÿʮ֮ڣΥɱ⣡󣬸ûǸ½û˵ֱӶǸ
嶼ˣҲӣ˲ÿΥ߾ã
ȻǸ½̧ͷɻ̧ͷŸߺ
˼ԣûҪ飬ô˳ȥѲɻҪȥ
嵱Ȼ˵ȻԼǺܺ¸ߺͬһʵһҵͲȥˣ½ɣ
˵⻰ȻҲް취ֻӣߵԱһλԱȥ
徶ֱߵϣߺ󲽲վڽԣϽһĹ
֮󣬳͵֪ү˴ǰΪ£
үΪ˽ģС磬үĶȥ˵仰ʱ򣬽ЩŤ
ߺԣ˹ȥǸ˵жʹ͸ԼȻ֪϶ʲôöڽò£˫̧ȥ׼ӭӡʹ͡
ûóʧߺ͸һִ
͵ǰ˼ȫֱֱǸ˵ȥ
֪ʲô飬һɺ˳ǲϵӿȥ
û˵ͳһˣ֮ǰ˫۲ĿŸߺ׵ʲô
ߺý彫ͰᵽϣϰţҿţȻһ˻ϴ
һУߺʾ⽭ȥһĿꡣ
˳ȥʱûһ˸أֶ˭أ˵̱һɱˣ
һ˵ӰӻûأûˣԹ
ߺ編ƣڶĿ꣬Ŀꡭ


139 Ѫҹ
ʱҹʱ䣬ߺɱ˽Ľ죬Ǿ뽭ʱȽԶĵط
Уص߾жʮˣĴ󲿷ֶǻصߡ
صĽ뻯ؽĴȫͬؿԶһʡǰ߾Ϳͬסһ䡣
ԸߺǻصĽöԸһ㣬Ϊص߶ȺӣٶҪ죬ǷʲôԼ鷳
Ҳĸߺú֮ģԶԷ廹ʮҲô챻˷֡
ĻԻΪ˲û
ټϾӪֹߺһЩû˷֡
бɱĽ죬ߺѡ뽭ȽԶĵطԽѵģ
ңƹӵĴԪ˧ľʶڽǱߣֻǳ첻Ԫ˧ʹеĽ춼ˣҲֻǳɹһ롣
ߺʼӾ뽭ʱȽԶıԵʼϴڵ⡣
ʼʱ򻹱Ƚϼ򵥣Ǿסĵط뽭ԶԸߺ޼ɵʩչ±췢֡
ŸߺƣԼ뽭ҲԽԽˣÿһɱˣҲԽԽľ
ߺҶɱˣս
ǣл˵εĿĸߣǣûжԴЩؽ
ֱӾƿſڶ
Ǳȫ˯ˣһĽӾȻԵãȫӸԵĴ
ʱ򣬴ӽıһ⣬ֱһڴ·Ľ룬еɢһء
ɫԽҲɢڵϣ䣬رĶġ
˵ĿⶼסˣֱֱĿǸĽ죬ȵĺϲ£죬Ż²ֹ
˾ԺҲԶˡ
ǽķӦΪŨңոոߺսʱûùҲûù
һ㶼ýĻʹԷԴ⣬ȻһָͽԷ
ߺ޾ĺ⣬˲Էɱ˲Ѫ
ÿһ󶼻һܣÿһ鶼ʮֵĴ񣬸ߺÿһ磬Եá
ǲû䣬ֻܶˣ
忴ڸߺУɱ˺һп飬һŵ
ǸߺͻȻչֳԼ񱩵һ棬ÿɱ˵Ľ壬еܲˡ
ԺҲԶˣŻţ໥˵
ʱ򣬽Ҳ֣ҲԶˣԺҿ϶ⶼ̫ˣ
үⲻΪʲôҪɱǣѲɡҪɱǣ
û˵·ȷүѲүҵʲô˲С˹ԭǣ

˲ϵģû뵽Ȼ̧ͷۺ᣺ȾҲǣǾң綼ɣ״磡
⼸Ĳϵ˽ߺЩͷˣ飬ǻҪԶ԰ɣ
ʲô¡
һʶʵǻո˵꣬ߺֳֽ
ν
ٻӶһĽ͸һ

Ǹ˵˲룬ǰһ޶ĸɸɴ࣬Ǿеˣ
ߺǸ˵߹붹ˣҪҪһ룿ҿ͸ǵģ
ʣ˶ʮĬҡҡͷʮֵľ㤣֣ԣԲҪ͹ˣ
ˣһһ벻ɣһ룡ߺһĵС̷
ûȼ˵Ҫߺ˲ԭʧٳѾһǰˣţսϻȥ
һĽߺһŤԭֻһӰߺǵ˾˴һ֮⡣
һ֮Ǹ˵룬Ѫӿ
ҿߺոն㿪ˣȻЩѪԽ罦ߺ·ϡ
ȡʲôûˣǸʣĽֻʣ˺
ߺʵڵ̫ǿˣǿһ˿뷨ûУҺֻ뺰Լ
ǣսֺһ͸ĿڶѪ˳Žε
ᣡ
ߺسǸ·˲ϵѪֽ
ôˣߺƲ˽塣
ҪҪѽүһֱǺĻұ֤ɱĵˣЩ쵰Ϳǲ˳ˣߺҪɱԼ̱ŵĻ겻壬ʧ˵
ߺһеĳˣһڵ㣬Ѿôˣ뽭ľԽԽˣҲˣ
ԸߺʵһصߣѾ޷׽֮ɱһǾͻᱻĽʿ֣
˵ͻָᷢߺⲻǸߺҪġ
˵ڵĽѾԸߺκôˣԸߺֹͣնжܼɱԼɱʿ
ҪҿǽΨһļ̳ˣҪʲôҶԸ㣬ʹҪƹҵκһλҶ԰쵽ֻҪҲ
ôҼʹҲֻƹ֮ūɣߺɻĿŽ塣
Ҳֻ֪֪Ǽһֱƹ˵һģʹǿңţҶҽҵĻκεɣ˵ԽԽСˣֱһ˿ûˡ
ȻѾûκ鱨ˣȥɣ˵꣬䣬һŶͷ˵ϣлĲʡ
ߺߵ֮⣬̧ͷϵĺһ¹Ѫɫ
˵꣬ߺ̤߽еһһӹ󣬸ߺ˳һʼȥ
ӣչǵǰ
ھ֮У˵ʮ˵ʬ壬Ѫϵ˳ŵӣÿһ˵϶һ˺Ĳ뾪֡
ߺִһ߳еĳѪ
ʿ󲿷ֶΪȻƽѾܸˣǶڸߺҲֻ϶ѡ
ߺӹ˽ľʣֻѡʿľʣһٶȿ˺ܶࡣ
е˶ֲסߺһһаνͳԱеľʡ
ҹߺޣϵɱˣеѪ۳СϪ֮ȥӪ֮Ѫȵĵλ

ǵһٸˣɱˣͲˣóˣ˴սҲˣصĽ죬ɱʮˣʮˣذٶˣеĽնɱһˣߺһгĬ
һĬĬ㣬һĬĬǰߣ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ڸߺǰȻһʡ
ƽʿľʲ࣬ӪصıԵڵͼϲûʵıǡ
ˣ϶Щһ˱ˣ꣬ߺ̤˽ȥ
ߺոս룬һº͵ߺĶ𣺡ֵܣԵ޹ʴӦòҾʿɣ
ܴݣߺֻһɺĵð𣺲ãˣҪսپˣ


140 ƹԪ˧
ǸһźͨӺ棬ʷǳϣһǾþӸλ˵һˡ
ڷżƾɵ飬лһոջڿ飬ڸߺĽ룬òϿ飬еעŵߺϡ
˿ϣº͵Ц˿оᷳ뺦£˸еޱȵɡ
ãû˯أߺεҡԷк
ϻ˯ҲñѰɣ
Сһⲻʲô𣿿ɢɱѪζӦòǲСĴİɣǸ˴ݵİŵϣ΢ЦĿŸߺ
ߺЩ⣬û뵽Ǹ˻ݲȣҿѾԼ͸ˡ
ߺΪǲµģղһʱɱ˰ٶˣȻȻĳɱ
ʹߺٺãЩɱҲ¶ЩΪ͵ߵȻоǶЩΪߵ˵ʮеġ
ңߺӶԷϸܵ˼ΪǿĲӦҲǻصߣߡ
ܵĲӦҲߺһΪ
ʵ˵ͽһŸΪУ˾ľ磬ͬǣûнĴ죬Ըߺоʵǿ
λѵ㲻Һпɱģߺ˵ţ˵еĳۺȻźǸˣ
û뵽ȻЦСӣΪսʤң񣡡
ߺɫȻЦݣǲңҪ·ˣֵĻ͸
Сӣǳ뽭ɣΪһô׵ϵ֪һ˵ţһߵһ裬ڱǿڴţȻƷ
Ȼϼ޻ҿɱƹˣҲûйϵ𣿡ߺЦ
û뵽һ˿ķŭı鶼ûУԹԵĺȲ衣
󣬽еĲˮ꣬ĺȵˣ˧ӪгּϸΧҪ£
ӦǣԪ˧Ԫ˧Ӫ֮гּϸԪ˧ӪУ˶Ԫ˧ӪʰΧϸߣй¶»ܣ
˸ո˵꣬ޱȣϼҶײڶ
𣿡ʱǸվ˵
Щ֧֧˵ʿˣЩֻ˲㡭ʮˣ
ʲôЩȻҲҵǡһϣ֮ǸӾȻһľм
ߺкȻһ˹ȻǷֻ֮һ־øߺĿ࿴ղ˺˾ƹԪ˧塣
ƹԪ˧ڶʮʱ͵ƹԪ˧˵ʷԪ˧
ƹ֮Уһ棬޲ս޲ʤı˫
ƹļҶƽģֻҪѾһ֣ŷɥս
ԣƹʤûӮս
ߺȴѨǾǽ塣
Լ˵ʹǽҲͬһ㣬ް취ҪиʧѴ̡
ǣڶԽҪĽѾˣҲǸߺĵ֮һ
ˣ㣬ǰ˶ǵľӵĸ߼죬кһнģ֪Ԫ˧˲ʶأ
ߺÿ˵һ仰ɫһֱ֣ѾˣɫѾںɫˡ
Ц֮󣬸ߺЦһˣˣ
ӰΣ
ߺѸӳʣٶʿߺֱͷų
жĻڱ֮ϣҪ˵֮ƿ˳ű뵽壬ȫȫסˡ
Сߣһŭӽľд֮һɾ޴˺ˡ
ȷһ¸ߺݵķ廯һ˳׷ȥһ·ϺӿЩûʿһ뱻ɺɫˡ
Ѫ˳ǵ˳ֱֱȥڷ
ͬʱӪ֮ڡ
ɲϤһźѲãǽľʡ
һУûԪ˧ĴڣǾ͵ȺףʿۿɲƳܵġ
ԣȻƿ񣬸һ´·˳·׷ȥ
ôˣϵĹǺģʱڣͷҪģ
֪ȥҪˣôȻͷأǲ졣

ߺвϵĴ󣬺潪Ҳ׷ᣬǵңסǰ·Ŀ׷״飬֮ǽ塣
ڽϵĲߺҲܵˣȻǻصߣȻֻǳڣǽ岻֪ʲôȻǿ
ߺĽŲмӿ˼֣


141 ɱԪ˧
ʱҹǳУ֣λϣʮ߼죬ÿһٶǻڵľ硣
ÿһ˶źɫĽ£ɫȫ֣壬֣巢
սΪߵĽ죬֣εڼ沿ӡ
ʮɵĶ飬ǴλĻӦ˵ľӣֲӡ
֮ÿһ˶и߼ľΣ֣һ֧صĲӣרڵȡܣնɱ졣
֣Ǵƹ֮ʱڶԸƹӵģǴʱȴҲ˲ˡ
ߺʧ쳣ķ꣬ҪǸصĻ۷ߣһʵ֮ǿĵ֣ܵ춼Ī
ӳˣ˵Ĺǿߣ˵һجġ
ûǿߺ֮׷ǱӴܣ֣Լоʵߺ£ȻߺǶ֣Լ϶ҲǶ֡
ǿ֮˶Ƕ֣Ǹֶľӽնжôмܹסмܹأ
ʮˣ֣һɤӣ
˻һʮ˾վ𣬰£ͬ˵
֣廹û˵һӰʹ˽ףף˵类׷ɱǸɱʵʮֵǿ븸ɸλȾȺ磡
֣ձȵǺ˵ߺһ׷ɱǸɱֵʵ̫ǿˣߺһ˿֮ûС
Ϣ֣֮ھӪпʼѰ֣壬ڴ֮С
նǺͿôΪߺһ˶λΣգ
ף˵Σ㲻ȥȵĻ֣δ̫ʲˣҪ֪ΪǲűԷɱģ
쵰˵֣Ҳʲ壡
˵ĲȥȺĻǾǲʲ壬ʲ壬Ѫ飬޳ܣ
С˵ؽǼҪʮ꣡ˣ
ָŵĻصĽվһȤվǣӶ
ǲҵ̫ңһأһأһŭ죬һڡ

㲻ȥǵĻȥΪӵȥԼѣӦûôȨܰɣټ֣ƺŭˣ仰ȥ
ŽнԶ֣գ֣۵Σһε̾Ϣ
Ԫ˧ٽˣ⣬˵
ȥɣȥɣ֣εҡҡ֣һ˺ܶࡣ
֣ӣΪߵһվǻصΪֽ޻
Сӵĸˣ壬ĺ˵ǸɱֿʮֵΣգնȥΣ쳣ѽ
֣Ĺ¶֣Сһ𳤴˹ϵʮֺã˵޼䡣
֣̾һˣȥɣʵ⺢˵ʵֻıȽԣѪ
֣ף֮зֳһȥѯıߣûƹӵټ
߳һˣɱȥʧҹĻС
޻վ˳㱣һ¿ն𣿻Ǹߺү˵֣ʮֵҪ
֣ҡҡͷˣߺ̣ҸопǾмϸȻǲ֪ߺסģǵھвѯ˭з
ϸʣ޻̱ʮֵأھУϸĴڡ
ΪǼпʹȫΣкܶཫʿ޹

ǰǸУӰһǰһıܡ
ǰǸߺڸߺӰӰ棬һˣٶȺܿ죬Ǻ͸ߺȣȻ˺ܶ࣬˾ǽ塣
ߺҲıٶȣԼͶԷʼձһ룬֤Ȳ˦ԷֲöԷ׷ϡ
ŭںвϵáߺлһɫĳǹں档
СߣȻ㲻һˣҽɱ㣡
ãҾģ첻ˣ˵ţߺӺȻͣתԽ壬һһС
ν
û巴Ӧߺʹðνһɫٵ򽪶նȥ
ϳһ͸ն档
䡭
ȥԼ˽ʮףſͣӡ
ͣӵһɲǣȻǰɫĳǹֱָߺһǹâ͸ǹߺ
ƽ
ߺһתȥǵǹâıǹâ߽֮⡣
󣬸ߺֳƣһִɽĺ֮ŷĽѹȥ
ɽ
ɽĺҲ쳣ĳԾӸߺĲϿԷҲǻأû뵽СһȻôǿ
ЩţȴܾʹɢˣҪ֪˿ة֮ӣƹĻĴˡ
һССԪ˧˼УһСָ׸ǶȲϣƹʼңңǸʣҪ˼ҵοԼһССԪ˧ˣ
峤ǹ߾٣ݺݵǹɽƵĺͱȥϵǹ֮һ޴ǹͷɽͱȥ
ﬡ
½ɵǹͷ֣ں֮УһǹͷƵġ
ǹͷȻˣź򽪶ѹ
ߺӲ֪ǻ۷壬֣Ϊһ޶ΨһͬĿܾʵû֣ǿ
忴ԼвûƵɽǹ趯һɷƱŷ
죡
ֱ񷣬ƺԽڵ춼ͱµĴؿʼ𶯣ѿѷ졣
ֻһ£ͽߺıɽƵˣڿС
ڱ죬ϰϰͺܺˡ
Ƭɺ̴ɶˣϰϰ˺ݣ絶һܵϣϽĿҶҲ
Щ˸ߺķ˺ϣһѩ׵˪
ߺЩأû뵽Ȼǹƣǹƣҵı߳һɣˣ

ڸߺܿʼִĺᣬߺԲ֮ѩ
ý
ߺһ»ŸߺǶ˻Ӱ֮УŵӰȫڱ֮ڡ
ŵӰ˲ʮ֮ĽԣǸߺ߹ĵط϶һѩ
ǰۻңͷֲǼ١
ܣṦֲߺԱһֽȥˡ
ڱ֮Уٶ˺ü͸иߺˡ
ƽ
ߺ㣬ƽϵĵ㵽廤ıҶͬһڣĻ֧粣ˡ
ߺһͱڽѣѪ˳ų£ǲŵĿؿڴĽ˫ֳצĳŸߺץ˼£Ĵ¡
һ˧ûսϣҲûڼƲϣߺɱˡ
һеԵɾȻһǽҲʧȥ׷׷нҲˣ


142 þ
ߺɱ֮ݺݵغһȻٵȫѲһָֽ֮ĳǹС
˳ǹȻнױҲ½еļƷ֣ĳǹһ޶
ʹƹѴģ岢ûʲôңûǮʲô߼ϾԪ˧ûһıᶪƹ
󣬹ѵá
׹ƹСǱȽѵõģ׹ǱȽϱġ
ߺһɱ֮ȷһ·Ѹǵķȥ
ɲΪô飬᲻֪ػ˶ˣôŹԼȻǲܵģ
ͬʱƹӪ֮еƹʿһ֮
˭˭ɱС壬ͬһըƽض𣬿Х
ŽϯķͬһıϵĴ˷ȥ
ķнվſֵʿж˿飬ǴɱķЩʿɱģϧɱԼʿ
ҲýæˣǸŸߺһ·׷ȥߺ϶ûɱ塣
壬ģһ㱨ģߺɱҽҵϣҽҵĺҪѪծѪҶҪ㲻úɢ
˫۳죬Ȼһ±òڿ걩ŭʮֵ侲ԸոյĲ϶ˣҪ֪䣬Ҳֻˣ
˵꣬廯һɿ磬ͷҲصӪ֮ɱȥ
ʣоʿ֪롣
˧ǽô죿һ߼ѯʽʣһ˧
֮˧һ뽭סĵطԶԱߺĨɱˣ⻹ǽĹ͡
Ǹ˧鶨һ£һʮı飬˵ܼ򵥣Ԫ˧˻ͺˣ
Ҳȷûбİ취ȫһ˧һһ¡
ϧǸǽ½ıȫļⶼӼˣﻹʲô⣡
ȫվԭأN֮󣬶Ԫ˧һСıʿС˵˧ˣиССĽ飡
ƨʲôֱ˵ͺˣʲôֱ˵ˣ裬ᣡǸ˧ÿĴ֣͸Ǹıʿһơ
ǸıʿԭתȦڶվԭֻ˫ֱðǣֻѻͷҽС
Ǹ˧Լ˰죬һȻ˧ᣬԼθڣڻ˵ʮ̧һơ
ǸıʿֱһƴתȦת˻ȥŷӦǿƽˣҾıʿıԪ˧޼һа취ģ
ţ˵еˣȥĹе߼ƽˣ취Ǹ˧ԼǸ˶ͷ­˵Լġ

ǾӪ֣һӰһԲ˼ٶǵķɱȥ
ǸߺҪҵ֣壬ƹ֮ظǸ顣
Ҫ֪ʵȫԱĺǿǿ߳սϣҪһʵ൱ĸƺ⡣
ȻĻⳡսпܻʧܣ۾ǿʮƹĹ˵Ҳǽʮ
һǾӾ߳һ
۸֣ⷽȻиӵ󣬵ƹǷ汳ȴվſңʼҵ
һƵǽңμ½Աġ
κһɽׯ
ߺ֪ƹǸûвսҲһսĻôƾ͸ˡ
ⷽҲûƣǳأϸߺ֣֣ǲĥơ
ڽĳ֣ߺֵ֣Ѿռˣֻʣǵķˡ
ڣʱδΪʱ磬ǷƹȴǱȽأ˵ƽȵġ
˺ͣⷽԶԶƹ
ԼʱƹѾϢ֣壬ôڡ
ռ䶨ˣ
ߺѾ˺ܾõһʱˣߺδۣҹֽһնж
ڸߺѾ½˺ۣۣܶ࣬ʮۣǸߺڵĸо
ںδʱ򣬲֮ߺͿ¶ˡ
ڸߺӪ֮ؾʮʱԶԶӪһƥһӰ
ƥϵҡĹȥڸߺûۣ֮Կ˭
ߺ룬һǡϸпܾ˳ߺý֪ߺסȥɱߺ
뵽⣬ߺֻһŭߣһŭֱԴСӣ
˵ţһȥʹ߸ԾֳȭǸϸؿڴȥ
ߺûʹȫֻİٷ֮һ֤ɱ
ߺɲϸô׵Ҫĥ

ǸһҽУϵȥڵֱ
ĸ쵰ӣģҲɫƣͰϻɲèˣӣеӱ͵ϮһһǸ˸ոµأʹӵϴָŸߺ
ߺԽԽԽоôôϤ֣գСӣ˭أ
ߺһ˵Ǹס첻˵ˣû˵ȷ֣ա
֣ᣬԼźúõģһӰͻȻԱߣ͸Լһȭͷ
һȭͷͷתģȴϣȴµĸߺ
ڶԸߺĺ³̶ȱ֣й֮޲ߺСӣ˵ʹһ㶼ǿǸóʱͳ֣óʱ֡
ڵĽ;ǣߺñһҵĶʱը߶죬Ҫ˵ˡ
ڸߺƿڴʱ򣬺ȻоִϵĴߺһݣ𲻶ϵڵǸе֣վߡ
ܵķȴǶȺɽ˾ƬȺɽѾʮǰӪǾʮ
аٶô죬ȻҪѡһˡ
ԸߺԥƬȺϱȥҪˣּ֣գӰΣȫŶƬɽܶȥ
Լ˰ʱߺڵɽС
ɽУߺûͣסԼĽŲǲϵǰȥ
֮ʱߺƬɽѾԶˣδָߺǽȫڣǱȥ
ߺǱ֣ɽвϵתԼԽԽԾ
ڸߺǰʼԽԽŨɼڲʮס
ߺεһЦɿекγɵģŨһĳ̶ȣҺ̬֡
ȻҺ壬Ϳñס
ߺͷų˲㣬ߺϵƿ㣬ȥ
ǣN֮󣬸ߺƵٵǽǰԽԽŨһҲûٵĺۼ
ߺɫıѿԲͨԼѾ½һż֮Сþ


143 þ
ߺصĿܣԼͬһŨΧţ۸ߺôЩŨʧ
ȡ֮֮ߣÿߺһ㣬ͻµŨ
֣գ˵Ǹô죿Ҳɣߺأջر򣬲ڱЩ
κ壬ڲþһֻþ֮ǰһֻǰ׷ֻܰװ׺ķԼ
һߺδ֣յĻػ
ߺͷߣԼһɵǺãȻԼҸ˯ˡ
ŭĸߺŭҸ¿ȥȵǣԼв֣գտҲƸߺֻһֵư㡣
ǸߺоˣԼֱϵȷһˣ֪
ǣ۸ߺôʹۣ֮ߺ޷Լֱ֮κζĴڡ
ǻþþƵأߺһܣûκζڵߵĲŨߺҲĶˡ
Ȼ޷֣գߺֱӷˣҲҪ֣հ֤һЩ顣
ַ֮󣬸ߺ
ŶˣôԽ¡ףأģӲὫӵһʺĵط˰ɣ
ߺĶ̴֣յҼԡ
ͨ£ߺ֤ˣ֣ҲԼԼþ֮С
Сӣ㲻㱻ұһԶıðҵĴջȥߺЦ˵
֣ߺ˵סһЦ磡ղû㡭ѽأв𣿡
˵֣վȥҿߺʹֹߺЩƮ֪֣ʲô
ߺе齲֣֣ȲҪҶ취
Ȼߺû飬ҲûڻþĽܣڸߺڻþһ֪Ҫ˵ôƿþˡ
أΪڵĸߺͲ֪ʲôǻþ
ڣߺýߺûõ˼ٶȿ쵽һļ£ʵֵĻӰǻá
ߺϾᣬʵʴһʱ䣬ǰЩ궼Ǵڰ׳Ǹ߼ң߼ֻһСѣߺ֪ıϾޡ
ڵĸߺ㲻ʲôǻá
һΪãӰǲʵĴڡ
ǣĲ뵽þ֮УоòֻӰӶѡ
ߺʶԼˣҴķǳء
ĴЩЩҲԶӰ졣
ǣߺĻýܹһµ˵ӾƺҲЩˣΪ߾еĵһأҪ˵ܹѰ㣬Ƶƽˡ
ڵĻýߺȫ·˵Ȿ߾ĻýӦòĻýӦøǿ
磬뵽𣿡ߺ˼ʱ֣մ˸ߺ
ûУߺոձϣԶ֣յĻһʱЩӦһ˵
Ҳҵøߺû˼ȻĻʹ֣պƺߺģҲǸߺɹԵ֮һ
רעʱ򣬼ʹҲѹĶѾгɹ
˵ˣߺôһרע棬ţǣײǽͷĺ꣡
ڸߺ˲֪ʱЩŨʼߺƶڸߺǰʼۡ
Щչ֮󣬱㲻µЩڸߺǰ۳һ˵״ڰС
Щ۳Σܵľ㿪ʹչڸߺǰڸߺվĵطһʯ
ԼռףӦٸɫʯÿһʯ涼иʯ̡
ߺֱ£ҿոԼʱס֣գȻո֣һȥھͱЩʯ̴̵ǧٿˣĻĴա
ڵĸߺѾվԱߵ֣գᣡСܣЩʯĵ̣ոҼʱס㡭
ʲôЦ磬ʯǰһЩ֣˵ţڵϲϵĺҵץʲôʮֵļ
ߺ֣˿ƺͬøߺЩ
ǣǵһ͵һһþˣӭʱ򣬺Ȼһ˸ߺ˵̸
Ըߺ֮ǰǸ۵Ӱ仰˵ǸӰϿʼɫ
ɫƤһɫףŵսѥһͷɫĳͷϣͷϲûдͷ
ֳһɫĳǹ˿ǳ˧üĿͦı촽ˬա
аŵǿգޱȡ
ɢǿѹߺ޷ˣ
Ǹ׽һ¸ߺε̾һڵʵʵ̫ˣСʲôģ
ǻ澳磡˭ʲôططҪʲôߺѵĻش
ߺûʹʲôֵںͶԷ˵˼ѹǿ˵ڡ
Աߵ֣ͱɢѹѹĻ˹ȥѪߺʹûлȥҲѪҲѹѹˡ
Ŷԭǻ澳磬ʵڻ澳µȣ׶һ㶼㲻ϣǸһеĳǹ
ߺǹγʮԶ˺ü߹ǣ̲ס³һѪ
˵ߺȻԼʵȻµȣ治֪˵󻰣ʶԼʵҪǿĻߡ
˭㴳þͻᱻĨɱ㣬㴳þ˵ɣطþ
ߺ⣬Ѿϲ£죺ʲôþԻõһǳˣ鷳ҽһ°ɣ
ûʸҵĽ̵ڻõ⣬㴳þ֮ЩȻḴƵԺУ˵Ǹ˵
ߺʶȤıͣʵ̫ǿˣߺԿ˸ղŻǹǺƽһ»Ӷ
ƽƽĻӶһ£лɱߺ˵ʵ֪
þڵʱ˵ϹʱڵİɣûĸֹͨżĿ飬õĺôЩ׹
Ǹһ˵˺ࣺܶʲôʵģ㻹⣡
˵ǵһˣһһˣһ£ǵĽôпѶȴ󲻴һҪأ
˲Ŀһ¸ߺͨЩߣѯʹصݣߺȴȫֻͬѯʵ봳ؼϵ
֮ǰһˣȫʧߵ³
ߺһԭɹôѽˡ
ͣһ£ɤӼ˵ѶǼڴߵʵӦģһҲֻضѣ


144 
һУߺɫȻһȻı飺֪ˣԭǸϹŶ
ߺĻǸȻ
ԭΪߺԼΣմˣû뵽ߺȴ˵ԼϹŶЩơ
ƣҪȴ޻˵
ߺԭ˵ҲûȷһϹŶˣ˵ǸѾϹʱˡ
½ǧǰ꣬ڹʱǰ꣬ϹʱڣǴ½ʱʮǰȻϹʱڡ
뵽⣬Ǹ쳤̾ʮ꣬ʮѽʱ̫ˣѾ˷ǣƬطһƬɽΨһĿܾʣƬˣ
˵ţǸɫԴˣ˻С
λһ£㲻˵ҪôָĳˣѲҾͿԹˣ̫ˣʼɣ
Ǹ𾢵ʱ򣬸ߺһ仰ͽĻˣ
ССӸҴһȥǵҫǵѪᣬߺϣǸŭ
ǸϵƲϵڽʸߣֱʣն룬ڵƹƺʱ
ߺǸԽԽеĳǹ裬ߺ嶼Ҫѳɺüˣ˿˿ѪӸߺ
ۣǸ賤ǹߺе඼ѿˣȫ£ͷһ붼ˡ
ߺľսֻƾͽԼ˳ӣԼǶΪû֣ջʲô
ߺæȥȻ֣ǶѾвӬˣѪϷͷ¶档
ߺͷ󺹣ηȥ֣ձɣ˵ߺҪˡ
ڸߺֻԼȫ¾ʹޱȣÿһڶǱƵģǿҵʹϢƺҪʹȥˡ
ҪǸϵƻڳߣٶȳߺ춼Ҫ˺ˡ
٣˵ǣܲ˵£һ˶Ҫˣߺʹȫ˳
ڸߺѾȫѿˣԺҲģͬӵ
ǾͬӽлȴṈ̀죬ŬѹԼŭɫɵͨ졣
߷ߵĿһڵϰˣãԸڿʼеһأǡ
ܲӳٸģ㿴״ܲܽвˣ
Ǹڵ״һߺ˵û˵״
һǣѪѾɫˣȷϣвӬĻǾߡʬ塱ͿʼвӬˡ
һǣɫãһİ̺ۣǸҲǴͬС죬ͬȫѪһİһ˿
Ψһһǣߺ־ͬһ㣬ǿҲǷǳǿԻܱǺ˵
ȻĻȫƣߺͳѪĩˡ
Сӣ־ͦǿģãԸҪָ꣬ҿûôʱǻָƣˣһôɣǸղžҵл񣡡
˵ţǸߺһӣɫ˸ߺ֣ա
ߺĶܣϧ̫أָͷûˣֱ޴ɶ㣬ֻ÷ˡ
ȻܷǾͿҪʲôɱԼˣ˵Լ
ߺԸǰߣû˵ʲô˵ƣľ֮
Ӹո˵ƿ˿ľ֮ϢȻľʡ
顭
׼ȷ䵽˵ϣ˵ûгķѵ
ߺֻһƤ͸ȥޱȵǿ󣬱ȸߺȫܺͲ֪߳򱶡
ǵϵڸߺ֮ߣ˵Ҳ֣ǵĵطƶǳٵȬ
ǾߺϵĹͷǳٵȬϵƶȬ
ڸߺߵʱ򣬸ߺеǿűȻʼתڿЩ
ߺЦϣһﲻҪЩȫˣȻԼ޸ˣǼһı飬֪ûСȤٸһأ
˷Բ԰׵ɫߺ֪ҪƹǺûӦԼ
ʮӹ󣬸ߺȻûһվȵǵǽƶָˣеڵ״̬ûꡣ
ߺڻʣһЩ˵ȻȸߺڵҪӴܶࡣ
Щ޴ӣ뵽˸ߺĹͷƤ֮Уߺֻȫһ
˰ɣҴĲͨأǰ;ޣ
Ǹ˵ˣɫʮֵĲ԰ף嶼һЩ䵭
ʱ򣬸ոѹ֣գͻȻָǸף˭ʲôʱģ㡭Ҳ٣
ǸıӲûˣСӣ˭أ
Բ𣬶ԲҲ㣬˵ΪʲôȫѪ
ߺҲ֣վһͷ亹ոһεʱ֣վͱ֮ǿƸĻˡ
ڸոշһУ֣ոͲǸǿ֣ոͲ˽⡣
ʵ̫ǿˣһֻ־ͿԽҪ˵һ֣ˡ
ˣߺҲ֪ǺˣԷ䣬ҪЦˣԸԷó֣һͿԽɵ
˵ôһˣôôСˣ۾ôҸ㣬С֣͡ղϵ˵Ѿ֣Ĵָʳָ߾벻ס
ɫԽԽѿߺһ󺹣æץס֣յָ֣
󿴵ǲߴ磬ԽԼָˡ
ˣˣ־Ҳ뿴ˣСһе˼ȱǸ룡Ǹ˰ֹ֣˵־硣
ǻأ֣ոո˵ߺͽסˣ֣յ˵ûæֹСӣڲҰһЩӾͽԶɱ񣡡
֣⻰Ȼã޲ðԼס죬ֽš
Ǹڶ֣յȡˣߺһҲ䵭ݵȻĶˣ㲻˵һڵľ磡
Ǹ̾һܾûпЩˣʮÿһٶǰĳĺߣãഺϢҺ
ʮû𣿡ߺ֣Ҫ֪طʲôΣյĵط˿϶ߺû⡣
УֻûҸܵഺϢǾͱҵѹˣ
㵽ʲôأʶߵӰϢͨһ㹥ûУߺĺ֣ʲô磬ֻѹͿѿ
εҡҡͷҵκһ˶׽ĨɱǸЬ䣡
ͣһ£ǲ֮
ߺһ֮ߣ


145 ƹ
֮۷壬뵱ƽĵҲǲƿ뿪ģԣ֮Ҳߡ
ڲΪߵֻˣÿһ˶һ
ױս񷣬˪ɯ׶׼죬ǹǿˡ
ǿǳԲ۹ڳһУģĳû֪ΪǸĪ⣬û˿ʵǿĶˡ
ǱˣʵҲû֪Ҳû˸ʡ
ʹǿߣҲֻǲ֮ҲǰΪ˵Ŀ¿֪
ߺղŻ˵Ҫȥأû뵽ԸôʵˣһȻһߡ
ھȻһߵߺڶҪ̲ס͵Ц
ո˵߸Ь䣬˵˵ҲûһСָͷǧĳߡ
߸Ͳһϣ߾ͺñһֱľ޴ɽ壬ô߾һСݣ߸ûпɱԡ
ǲôǿ󣡡ߺ૵гԼһܹ־磬Ǹжã
жǿǸߺ֪ģ˵ĻǸ˵Ȼȫˡ
ˣСһҪĲǷǣܷ񴳹þȻұȽϲǣǹؾǹأ
Ǹ̾һһЦֻһ־ȻԼ˼룬Ҳκ飬ǲΥҪ־ֻҪþһʼǵͲܾˣ
£Ǹߺ֣նȵĺϲ£죬ԭˡȻֻһ־һ־Ȼǿֵز
ո֣ǵ̸Ȼжǿֻƾܽĩ߼Ļ߶
ʹǿߺҲֻƽ˱ɱΪ֮
Էֻǳ֣δͷƣԷͱѹɷĩˣֱ
֪Ǹľ磬֣ǰͬһԱһ㣬Ҵһ£ֶ߶µľ
ʲô𣿾ָʲô
Ϊʲôûˣ㲻˵һͷǾпܱĩû°ɣ
֣ΨΨŵŵʵͬҲǸߺֵġ
Ǹ󣬱΢΢ɶһ£Ӻ㣬˵Ȼ˵ȴеʶιˣһῼͽܣһЩԱߵСһ̫ˣ
Իشҵ𣿡
֣ӵĻǸȻЩᣬԼǲǸջظոǾ仰أϾһ˵Եͽܣ˵ȥ̫ûˣЩҪ֪Цġ
ˣϾΪ̫ˣܹܲػһأ
ߺÿһϲʮΪ֣ոˡ
Ͼ֣յ츳ǿǱϾΪ̫һˣҽҲЩҪԭһֱѰҺʹûʲô
򣬾ԸߺЩһ㣬Ȼһ˲ߵĽ̵Ͳһˡ
ҾΪǽһ£ڵȫԼѹסˣֻڳֵʱѹƲסƣοǵҵһ֮ΪǵֵҵƣǵȻܲˣ
ˣǽʱѾȥˣǱϿʼˣǽͨһأֻʱ䣬ʱһͻᱻΪûͨ
ⲻǰɣ֣ɤݺݵ˵
˵ʲôҸǻûпʼѾˣǸ΢ЦĶ֣˵֣˵Ļһ䲻ȫ䵽Ķ䡣
ߺ֣ձ˵֣գұ죬㲻ʦ˵ϿĸҵǸ
֣ͷڶԸߺäĿӣ֣ػش𣺡ǣԲǰ
ž
֣ոո˵꣬ߺԺ󣬸һƣʦ
֣ձеͷת򣺡ðɣģԲʦ
ǸЩ񣬸ߺС̫˳ˣԼֻ˵пܣҪ֣ͨþ
ߺСӾȻ˵ԼʦˣδЩȡɣѵûԼ˵ġܡ
ߺɲڣˣǰԿʼʱѾܶˣҿɲΪʱ䲻
ڣһֱҪԼིһЩİɣô󷴶ԽԽԼĴأ
ɫȻˣڽеһأʲôҾͲ˵ˣҪԼȥ򣡿ʼ
˵꣬һӣߺ˰Χ
ߺֻԼǰһܵľɫȫˣ֣ǸѾʧվһһĺɫԭϣһжǺģ
ǺģǺģϵĲǺģеԲҲǺģֺ͸¶һѪɫһеһ͸Ź졣
Դӽ뵽þ֮󣬸ߺƺһЩڻõȷ⣬֪ⲢʵسʵвûĴڡ
ȫǸ˵ģԼʶ
ߺ侲۲ܣеĳ׼ӦΣ
໡
һǽпʼڸߺĶɫĴԭ￪ʼƾճһֻֻɫǣÿһһСţ׳ÿһͷݺݵĶŸߺжŷ
ɺͷ¶棬治ϵĵγĵĿˮⱩ¶Ŀź˸
ߺȥԭϲֺɫǣޱ޼ʣǲϵɫĴԭϺС
ߺϵ˼εǿԼʲôѲҪɱе𣿻ߵɫԭľͷ
໡
ȺǺȻһ
·һѶţЩǿʼ֣շǰ̵ߺ
ߺ⣬ȴһƣһɴ׳ĺϱŷȺѹȥ
ɽ
䡭
ɺ˳ĴȺм䣬ؿʼѣǶѹûбѹҲЩɱ
ߺֻһƾɱ˽ֻǣǸطγһ򣬷ǽӽǸطǶ˱
󣬸ߺȺ֮Уʼն̣㣬
ÿһɱһֻǣÿһһֻǵ
Щ˷ʼΧߺߺ̱Χˡ
νν
ǱնУǶڣɢһأѪĴӿ
ЩѪȾԭƺøˡ
֪ɱ˶೤ʱ䣬ߺɱֻˣЩǷ·ɱƵģ۸ߺôɱЩǶûм٣ӵļ
ңߺڲԭϲϵǰƶõĻӰΣʱʮ·̣ȴɿƬԭı߼ʡ
ߺһݣȻҲ취Լɱ޾ɱ¾ƿþ


146 
ҿȺܶൽʲô̶ȣӾǵѪʬ壬Ϊ̵һƿþѪ·ߺһͺֳȺ֮С
ȫͷţǻþвûˮ֣ԿвûƮѩ
Ȼûѩǣ֮еĺȻýᵽһ޷ĳ̶ȣںĴڣڱʮ֮ڵǣѰ˺ü
Ⱥȫڸߺĺ̫䣬ʹЩ޷ߺı򣬳ʱڱʮ֮ڣҲᱻЩɱ
һʹٶ࣬Ҳ޷ԸߺӰ졣
ߺôظɱźǣ·֪ƣ룬˵Ҳ֣Щǵʵ̫ǿȴôɱҲɱɾ
˳ʱظһ飬пܻᷢģǳʱѪζĵط
ߺ֪Լɱ˶೤ʱ䣬ʱ䣬ߺʱ޿̶Щ棬ʱ޿̵Ķڽɱ¾
ʵߺȫֻǼȻԼˣǾҪһֱȥ
ңߺɱЩǣҲûʲôɵ𣿸ߺûþôƵƲþĻչԼͱ뱻Ǹɱ
ߺɲɵΪԼԴһѣȫһܵ飬ڸߺֻʣ·ߡ
һֱȺɱ¾ֻʣ߳Ƭһĺɫԭ
ѡһвߺܲѡѡĻζŹһأӭֻ
ɲΪǸ߸ոնǺһ㣬ͻŹոԼҲ˵ǲΥ־ıġ
˵Ĺ˵ڵ塣
Ϊزʶ˶ΥְŪһ־ʲôûзء
ʹǲߵһ־һͿԽѪĩ
ߺϵĻеĳظһģߺоԼĶľˡ
ҲԽԽɱ¾ʹһǿһֱġ
ߺھһ״ڸоԼҪˣľڲͣĲߺãԼһֱͣɱ¾

ʱȥˣֵǣǸֻ˵죬ʱ䶼ȥˣûҹԼ
죬ڸߺĸоУǹ˺ü£֮Уһ죬ߺľйʮεĲÿһоԼҪˣһǸԼ
ڶ죬ߺ״Ժ˺ֻܶ࣬Ρ
죬ûķǸߺȴеʱޱһܳ
죬ߺķ·ľˣһֱеĶľһ㲨ûУ·Ӧˡ
ڵոսʱ򣬸ߺǰһڿʱܵľɫȫˣһĺɫԭֻصƬɽ֮С
ֻεľ΢Щı䣬֮ǰߺǣһʯɵķ󣬶ǴһƬɽ֮С
Щзޱȣ˸ź˵ĺ⣬ߺţֻҪԼϣͻԼһ˺ۡ
ߺа̾ȻԼһֱڻþ֮УʹǼǸߣҲþ֮мǡ
ʱ֣ջվ䣬ͷ󺹣֮ɫƾͿˡ
ϲ㣬СһûзˣϲˣڸߺЩ֣յʱǸӰȻֳ
ΣϵûиߺκӰ죬ϵǹߺѹȥͬʱߺǹǸߵȻǹ޷Ƶֵȥ
ǹƾèٴӸߺԻ
֣յɫԽԽѿ֮ɫŨȫϵĲеĳҲڲͣĶʱҪ趯
Ѿݻþı֣еĳ趯ʱô֤֣Ѿڻзˡ
ڳ߻а취ߺһ취ҲûС
ϧǷ񶨵ģ
Ǹҡҡͷε˵־ޣֹʲ־ܲʱ䵽ɣ
˵ָ֣꣬յȥ
ָ˲䣬ָĿռȻѷ죬һƵĲһ㡣
һ£ͽѽߺ˼֣æ˵
û뵽˶ԸߺĻ޶ԣûȻޱĻŶ
ָϵ²ռ俪ʼиѺ˷ȥ
֣һߵʱ֣Ҳʼ׼֣ʹҲϧ
ûֵ֣֣ȻȻľˡ
ֻСеոѾͿʼ໰
ģʵ̫ĿˣǣھԼֶˣһЩʲô⣬Ǹ̬Ļ국ٺ١
֣յĻĵҲǿ죺治֪ĸӢģ̫ˣһλᣬһΣ
ߺͷĵڶλĿ飬ߺǲԡ
ԼþߺԼľõ˺ܴڳ˺ܶ࣬øˣ
Ǹ߶֣࿴ܲȻܹͦһأľҲ
һ䣬֣ǣҲү
ߺ֣һ£ʦ
ֻ֣һɺӸߺĵĵطʼӣŰӶܶˣţˡ
ʦûжģһҵȫͬҵƨһԲὫ
֣տʼ̸ʱҲڲϵĻû
ߺ˫ۿʼ΢죬죬죬Ѫ죬ɺ졣
˫۲ϵı任˵ҲԽԽ죬ԽԽСԽԽֱȫʧ
֣գôˣߺֵʵЩ֣ٷ֣Щ֡
ߺո˵껰֣վȻˣг趯ݺݵߺͷ
ߺæٽӭ˵֣յ϶ߺһȻ޹
û뵽ǣڽϴ˾޴øߺֽԣе඼ˣ
ۣ
ߺһѪȵĿŸߺΪ˵Ըߺʵֻ־ͿԻ
ʱֻ֣˵ԲҪɱ㣬ǵڶأֻɱ㣬ҲܴȥҵõĺôԲˣ
ߺ䣺ʲô˵ʲô˵𣿡
һ仰ǶǸ˵ġ
Ǹߵ˵ͷ˵ûֻ֮һ˿Դǵڶأ㿴ڵӣҪأȫĶֻ֣ҪԸ⣬ҿ԰ɱ
ߺ˫ɱԣҲ֣ո飬һ㣡Ҫɱ㣡
˵ŸߺһǸǺȻһӰǸ֮ǰŵֵڸߺĽǰ
Ҹ߾ٳߺȥߺεı˫ۣ˵ҸԸԼֵܵУͨأͲҪһΪʦˣ̫ˣ
˵ߺ˫ۣ֣յʮ⣡˵ƽн꣬һˮɵꡣ
˼ʼöԷ֣ߺֵ֮ײϵļ󣬸ߺϣ֣Ҫֵܣˡ
ɱԼֵܣǲܵģ䣬顣
ߺ˫ãûеһƬž
ϲͨ˵ڶأֻ壬Ի󣬸ԸΪεŻͨһأǸߵ


147 ƿջ
ʲô˵ǵڶأߺܾȣԼʲôʱʼеĵڶض֪
Ǹһϵɫǹʧˣ󱳸˫ĿŸߺˣǺܲһغ͵ڶأǴӵһؽ󣬴ûгþ
ʦ⵽ô£֣ոո໰ߺ˫һɣæջǾ仰
Ȼ˫⿪ˣǾûбҪôˡ
Ǹ˵ͷţʮͨڶصĲȼˣк۷ռ󲿷֣
ָһ죬ָߺˣǣܹԻ澳ͨνǴ¼ˣ
ߺа̾ҿģΪԼҪأߺתͷ֣գû뵽һȻܹأԼҲٵġ
ǰ֣սʶߺĿģߺȻദ֮Ѿꡣ
֣տߺһЦ磬һΪҪɱأŵҪ
ôԵʱģߺֵʵҼǵãʱǰ֣Ƿ
֤֣ıҪ磬ͨر졣
⻰˵ͳˣ˵ʱҪɱңҸоҲܺңԾվǱƾ㿳͹ˣ

ˣ
ˣ
ߺᣬģ̫ŰˣСӵĿԼ𣺡УԺô̵ĽͣͲ˵˵ˣ軹ΪҪ˵أ
˽⣡֣һ֣صı飺ڼӵ㣬˵ʱ˫ɺ죬ͬϷǰ㣬ͷߺɫĹâдһ
ߺͷߣһ￴Լģͣʱ򿴲𣿡
溮磡ҽˣ˵ڵĲ޴󰭣ûˣ
ţȻȥһǸӹҽɱ
ΪʲôĺܺѽϵѾûˣҳʱƵȷҵж޴ѽ֣ɻĿŸߺ
ߺεҡҡͷϧֻƣûԴģͷеƱضˣ

Ǹߺ֣һ𲻶ϵˣһ٩мĽȴһΣ̾Ϣ
ˣҪǰˣ׼һ½еذɣ
ߺҪеأæתǰһ£
ţʲô𣿡
ǰĳŵжһ·񣿡
ߺԼǸ˫һУʵʵɱбŷ˻㻳ңһССĻߣʲôʸֵȥƭ
ߺֻѪɫĹ⣬Լϣ·޾ѪҺ֮УÿһѪҺɸֱϵԼ
ߺֻԼ޾ĺ֮Уǹ¶ȱԼк¶Ȳ֪˶ٱ
ߺ֪Ⲣʵе¶ȣǶԷɱԼɵӰ죬Ȼʹָоٵһ¶ȣԸߺӰҲô
֪ǸһˣǰϢŭ˼ǰڹһصʱ˵ֻ죬ΪҺ֣ȴд죡
Ǹ⣬鵹ǻһ㣬һǹأ˵ߵ죬ͻһҲ2.5졣
ֳ֣ȭݺݵֻȥһȻı飺ô˵ǻϵһأһǾͿֻˣ
ǣû뵽ǸȴһЦ֪Ļһٱĳͷǰ죡ҹƵʱ򶼲ɱǣԼˣ
֣һ£ϵԼؿڣߺȴʮֵĵԼѾĥʮֵأ죬Ҳʱѣ
ֻǵģ˵ʱԼ˿ˣȴǱԷˣһߣȴ˵غȴؿ
ˣǰǽˣԿʼһˣ
˵⣬Ǹɫһ±ʮֵࣺСһڵˣʵ˵Щ̬ĿǰΪֹûܹһأ߶޷ǿҪ׼
⣬ߺЩһЩڴˣ֮֮Ҫ߶ȥĹصʲôӵģ
ʦսɣҪĻͶ֣һֹ
ǸεҡҡͷȻǣһزظղţǰǵʵѶȵģ
˵Щ߲ûбҶˣ
ûˣҿʼصݣ
ߺֵĵ˵ҪԼȥ𣿵һؿߵأǻ־ڶؿߵ飡ǵزҪ򣿡
ǸشߺرĹؿҰʵпԣ
֣գʣ֣ԲʲôͨʣǡʲôȻ˲ţոΪʲô˵
ЩȵĿ֣գߺ˶Щ棬ֵ֣ôʱˣû뵽СصĻͦġ
֣ί˵ҸͲʲôŰʮ궼ѾԹˣֻ֤ǺͨĶʡ
ʲôܣҵļŶȻȻ
ʸĹѵһĻʣǻ֮еķƿջ֮壬̫ˣСӣغһҪΪͽһҪ
ղ˵֣һͽܣһﻹһҪҪı飬ٿ۷Ź⣬˫ֽץ֣գһɫǿѹŮı顣
ڵиֵӣ´ϰڵ̯Ķڵúܶࡣ
֣ͷߣޱ˵٣٣ǰעһ󣡡
ʲô
ٲһǵĹӰɣεѥˣ
ţ˵Ķԣ˵öԣǸ˵ţæ˫ϻ
ߺ̾һһֶ˰
ߺһԼı飬ǼһҲںˣڵȥˣͲûβˣβҲҪ̵ȥ
ϸԺ˵˵Ŀɣлûлƣ˷⸱ʣɣһ£ƣ˳ϣ
֣̱ŵһ亹ⲻʰɣĽʺޣǳı
ζ˵ûǸĿ飬û˵ҲΪãȥɣ
˵գһָڻ֣̰վһ
ߺЩһֱ͸ĹƵģܰ˵ضڳһûƵжѣҪ˵˳ˣ
Ҫ֪ߺʣҲֻƿĳɣһȻ֣ƣһҪ˳ɣڱɣ
ߺˣٺٺ١
ҲҪߺֶԿ
ҪʲôǸɷ˵ȻڸߺƱ䣬ַŵߺϡ
ʵǻسڣʵȽϸ䣬ӦǸոͻƲã̫ȣǡ
Խ˵ԽȣѾĿԲһ˵ı鿴Ÿߺȿո֣յķӦ֪ǿҶٱ


148 
ССѣȫûͨˮ֮ʱ죬Ҳ֪ô˵ˡǸŸߺȻڲԡ
һصŸߺҴûҷǳǿ󣬾ȻܽҵҲϵͬ
ʲôߺͷðʺãôûκ춯
Ǹ߸˵ƾһССĻߣôָܷεĲߵ̽飿
뵽ߺʣ仰Ӳѹȥˡ
ղָоߵȥ֪Էʵʱ򣬸ոյԷĵһ޿ɱĺ˲ͽԼǲС
ԭʵɺ¶ȣ޷סԼǣǹɺ֮ȴԼĲ֮
ǹɲ֮Լĵǲ֧ǹɲҲû˿
ޱȣҪ֪û߹һʣͬ˵οĲ֮
죬½ܵľ̫ˣѵһķƿջ֮塣
ԭΪΪȵ飬û뵽ûʡ
ƽһľˣеһе֮ͨ˵ɣʱ䲻ˣ
ߺҲˣĿǰԣͨþΪҪһԼǰԵ쳣԰ס
֪ҪЩʲô
ǸĿ˸ߺһۣ¶һ˿̵΢ЦĲԺܼ򵥣ֻҪ㽫Լıɣ
ʲôش𣬸ߺɫ΢΢һ£˵ˣˣҪҽɱɱ⣡
ǵģûȷǽ㽫⣡Ǹȷϵ˵һ顣
ߺ΢ЦĶᡱ˵Ҫôܣ국
Ҫ֪ⱾָֻеƶѣǻʵۣþӻλȻȻĲһλߵơ
޷ȣڸ߼Ĵڣǽ۵һ̶ֳȣҼγһ
걾Զɱ䣬ǿøǿ
ңʶʵ״̬ˡ
˵ֻѹȵˣҪ뽫˻ܣҪȶԷǿʮϵƣſսʤԷ
ͬ˵ֱ׵㣬Ǽٽ֮ƣĽ֮ơ
ԵĽйǿԼǿߵĹߣΪͬʹǿǰҲҪ߽⡣
֮ȫָһһء
ߺɫѿ̫Ѷˡ
ˣȥɣǸһӣߺ˫һٴþ
ǰ˫۵꣬мʹοǵģźӰ־壬ţ˵ãϧǹһأ
ƿĻ棬߲̱˫ۣ£ǿԻһαΪԼ棬Ե޹ʵôأʹǹ˹أҲ԰ǵİ

ߺ˫۵ʱǰһжıˣǸɵķ֮ڣǰľɫǲҺʵ
չڸߺǰһ˵ľ󣬸ɽˮޱ޼ʵĴ֣ߺǰһٲ
¡¡֮ߺֻˮµʲôˡ
ˮӸߴ׵к£ٲʯͷϣˤ÷飬˻
ߺǰˮ£ˮγһ߲ͷ׵ʺ磬öĿ
ڻþ֮ûм֣֮һޱߵֶдеģٲγɵĺԱߣٻޣɫĻŪԼķˡ
ˮҲ쳣峺ʮĺˮһףˮУζ
ڰߣֻ¹ͷˮС¹ǽеˣȻ̧ͷķݡ
ߺ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ⵹һȥӵĻһסǺǣ
Ҳǹ񫣬ӣǲܵģ˲ӣԼ
ûߵ۷壬ôԾʹ˵ȥ
ţ֮ؾѡɣȻÿûӵĿԣǸһ»ǿԵģ

ļߺʼƣҪ뽫ѱɱ⣬ȾҪƳԲ
ڸߺΪǻأѾЩ̣ƵǺѡ
ֻʱ䣬ߺ˳Ľɣ۸ߺôŬƾҲ޷
ڵϵĸߺ˫ۣ̾һѾٴƣЩⷽǲˣ
գߺؿڴöָöָǴǿŻɫġ
ߺЩ£ϾɱڵĸߺΪ޿ɱĺΪĺлܹ˺ꡣ
ʵڸߺսʱñԿ첢ΪѾܵȵ˺
ʱߺֻܷӳ߳ɣȻ񽪶ڻе׵ĴڣߺҲػôʰˡ
Ҫ֪޼ڸߺصʱ򣬶߲С
˼ߺַȥĵ԰ɣ
ȥˣߺıƻͣɣ˿ı䡣
УУҲô˷ʱˣʱô˷ȥһ³ҪȥҵܻᱻսģҲ
ƺ޽չøߺЩ˷ִ磬˫ļȻҧأ˲ˣȥʱҪȥܱҪã
˵꣬ߺͽڲϵöָȡģ˫Ŀգ
ƿռָ΢΢һѷ죬ĺӽָѷӿ˳
ڸߺٲԱߣҸߺܵľҲʮֵʵƵһֻ֣дŵľоڵĻþһ㣬ʵʮֵǿҡ
ߺһ߿ʹռָѷʼձǸСһŬշֽź
ŸߺϵĶԺзԺ˽ԽԽҲԽԽ
Լʱȥʮ죬ߺоԼԺﵽһ۷壬㿪ʼգ֮յ
ȥˣߺĵĴߺıҲӵ˿ֲľųɣٶ˵ȥԺš
˵ߺöʮܽɣֱΣȴĵȷȷڸߺǰˣ
챦ȷû뵽ƻаߺֻϧ˺̫ˣڵѾһ뱻סˣʵѾʮһ
ߺǺǿߣû޷¯ࡣ
ߺĺɽؽ֮۵ѹ׵ʽҪڸߺʵʮһ
ڣߺԲƻһɣҪǻͻƵ׶Ρ
ֻһɲǣһ˲䣬Ҳʮ⣬Զ򲻵⡣
ǿʱ򵽵ĶǿԵԲ˵ߺ֣յѶȴ˺ܶࡣ
⣬һ翵Ķ⡣һֱʤѣֻΪߵʻʣӵԡ


149 
ߺþǸգ˫۽գм˼ţΪãԶֻҪܵﲻ֮Ҳа
ҲֻѣԵ͵Ŀ
Щ½ǿĲʼֻûӹɼѶȡ
˵֣յķƿջ֮壬ѵһôߵĽʱ֮ǧ򱶡
ÿһԳΪߣʣ־ǱǻۣЩҪΪߵشˡ
ɣʱ䷢ˡ
ڸߺʹ챦ʱʵͬĶֻûôĶֻʹָһѷ졣
Ǻӿһ˲䣬Ǹ֮˫ۺȻȻŸߺ
⡭⣬ϢǡǸ˵ɫЩЩ֣˵Ųˡ
鷢һϣȻЩ˽ܲˣ磬жٶܹвߡ
ǸŬƽһľ˵ȪͼȪͼԵ֣û뵽СϾȻлȪͼı飡
ңӣⱦɢĺһˣܽȪͼշˣǳˡ
˵ǸߵɫԽԽ˫۷ŹĿŸߺСһǵļֵκ˶ҪߣֻҪܵǺӾͿˣ
˵⣬Ѿ޷ѹסԼ飺ʮˣʮˣڿԴӼˣΪϣŬ˶꣡
Ÿߺгϣܷ񴳹سɹҶҪȫʹ־Ҳϧ
˰¶ĵʱڻþеĸߺѾʼԲ֮ƽˡ
ߺڲϵֽеĺ˳Ƶʮɵĵ̣뵱Ȼܵ˺ҲǷǳصġ
ڸߺĻ꺣ѾгɱˣĶˣߺоԼʶҲģΪߺоһжֵõġ
֪˾ҲҪסˣô룬᲻ڣ
ϧǣ֪Ǹߵ뷨ڻΪʮɱŬء
ųɵʮһ׶ΣȴԶ
ȷųСĻôʮɾǱ꣬Ͳһϡ
ߺǣƴ͸һɺƤʼתɫþӨޱȡ
һ޿ɱĺ籡ߺһͰˮɫĺڸߺ˷ӿȥ
Щֲ϶һ㱡ˮʼһıҲΪˮЩˮոձסͱˮˡ
ƬԲ׵ĵط·һƬɫ򣬺װع磬ٲȻͬںԴɽһʹ֮һ
ϴβͬǴμıȫǿŻɫɵģβͬĺ󲿷ֱߺˡ
ΣƬγɵҪԭǸߺľųɱƣĺҲռ֮һ
ŸߺϵͻƱƣܵ¶ҲԽԽ䣬Щﶼˮе㣬ڱС
أ
ߺܺȻһ죬һ֮࣬ȻӵİɫܺŨɼȲʮס
ߺ˫ۺȻ͸İɫһɫһԶ⾭Ŀռ˲
ʮɵıڳˣߺ૵г˷뼤
Ȼ꺣ѾǸɫĺĲˣǻ꺣Ѿ󲿷ֱסˣǼȻܴﵽԲǾͿˡ
ҲֻбƴﵽԲŽһƳ⣬ֻͨصĿԣ
漴ߺϼһʱ䣬ŸоԼûʣ¶ʱ䣬ڵʣ಻졣
ߺ漴Ŀһ£һĻԼƳҪʱҪһ㣬ϾԼոͻƵԲƲá
ҪǣͻƵⲻ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬һߺһ궼ͻƲأ
ߺΪԼͻƲ⣬ԼԲͻƵòһʱ䡣
Ǹߺʱ䲻ˣߺͻƵⲻ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ⳬ죬Լͱˣ
бҪһЩͬˣߺ̾һ

ٲĳʮֵĴǳʱ棬ߺþеٲҲǺܰʹĻصҲһܳס
Ǵʱڸߺȴӣٲ֮£Ǿ޴ĳϵ֮ϵˮ
Ƶ˵ˣһķʽҪԭǸߺ֪Ҫô֮һ
˵ߺͲ֪ۣҲҪĶۣٽ֮õ֮С
ҲΪܶ߸Ͳһ㣬ڸ߽׺龳֮ǰ޷⡣
ʵߺȫԹ۲ˮ۵ķʽǸߺûдôѡ˸ΣյķʽǾٲ֮⡣
ԭ򣬻оǸߺͨ⣬һֱȽ⡣
ҲֻΪһ£ܲܳɹδ֪ǼʹûɹߺҲڣϾŬ
Ҳǿģͨ⣬˵ĵ⣬⣬ǹȵȣֻԭʼ
ӵǿĹӵǿƻǹǿĴ͸
ǣЩ־ʣͬһʣ־ͽ־
־ĹͨҪǿɣܹ־ѶҲͬһ㣬ѳһ
ߺһһɨˮɣС
ȫʣȫڳԼϵˮϣЩˮ״ȫıˣǺ״
ˮͬһУиڸߺϣڸߺƤ˵˺ۣѪ뵽ˮ棬ȥ
ߺŽԼڵ۳һУһͬЩˮƵıС
ǵγˣƵƻ΢ǿһ˿޶ı仯ǲδ⡣
ߺſ˫ۣԼתҵȱʲô֮ܽƱ⣡
ߺû٣˵־ֻ۾򵽣ǾԵ̫ˣһ⾳Ҵˣ
ʱһһĹȥˣŹһʱˣʣʱѾˣǸߺ־ͷ
ߺٴν˫ۣµųϵˮ
ȫȫ棬֪˶೤ʱ䣬оˮȻֱ󣬸ߺоˮƺҪֹͣһ㡣
ңЩˮҲ֯Լ״̬ˮвϵı任ԼλãĹ켣ϵ
ߺʼָо뵽֮У۱ںһγһ״ͣڸߺͷһߵλá
ýٲпЩˮߺͷһߴʼᣬȥ
ǹٲпˣٲȻˣЩˮȫ˱ϼӣٲ˱ͣ˰ա
ߺһ𣬵־ָ𽥲£ͷϵǹҲں۵һ
ߺָɽݺݵıȥǹȻһ͸۵İٲȥ
䡭
ıȻ汻йһ㣬ĵطѿˣȻ룬ˮȥ
ۺۣ
죬ͬ
ߺ˫ĺȻͬʵʵİ͸ֱֱʮף䵽ˮ
һɺ⿪ʼˮӿˮȻ𽥿ʼۣᣬжˣɲۡ
ҵıˣҳɹˣԵı⣡̫ˣ̫ǿˣԭǿʮɱƺͱȸǸ
ߺ˫֣֮еǹ޿ɱķ֮ɫһЦ


150 Σʱ
ߺЩ⣬һԲͬҲͬɱ¾ƻȵһЩϡеԡ
ԼҲԼ⾳ʲôֻϡǵñγɵʱ򣬽ڵĽҲһˡ
ˣߺ꺣еǸһӰҲûзŹ֮һˡ
ټϸߺо޴ˮˮĸںϵ棬һγɵı⡣
ıӵˮʣ仯仯ɲͬ״
ǣֻб任ɽйߺ룬뽣ƵԵʰɣ
ߺ⼶ǹ϶ǿ
仯ˮԣˮûй״ģˮ仯ģȻҲˮһԣûй̶״
ˮͬǿԵģ״֮ԱǸ״̬䡣
ԼҪиƺߺ˼ǰȻǿǧ򻯣ǾͳΪɣ
ʵͨһƾ͹֮ѾˣھƳ֮ѶȸӴˡ
һ̫ķʱˣʱֻˣΪ̫ˡ
ԣʹ˿ѡ⣬Ҳģһ㵼а˾ų߶һ⡣
ʹֻϵ⣬ҲǷΪʱѡ
ǣߺȻֿеһ㣬Ա⽫ںϵһɲǣƾȻűγɶˡ
ֻɣһɲǣеĽƾȻߵɡ
ҲںɽƣߺıȻ˺ǿƻԲųָߺǰǱƿһĻ
ߺϸһʱ䣬ͻƾȻֻ˲գȻʱ䡣
ͻ˵Ȼûͻûʱģпܰ궼޷ͻƣҲпͻƾɲǼ䣡

ߺͻƵһɲǣͬҲͬӦ޿ɱơ
ƷǱƣǵıɢǿѹ
ڸߺͷһߴʼƮѩʼᣬߺͷϷ·һӲĻܡ
ܺйʱͬıС
γɵʱǸ߾ڸߺͷһߴңŸߺڿʲôϡ䱦һ㡣
ߺıȻչǸ߰ΧȥͷƺҪ֮Զ֮ڡ
ǣǸ߲ûжܣǵǹɱⲻڣôǣǹɱΧ
ǹɱһ¾ͽǸ߷棬Ǹȴ˿⣬棬۸ɱ⡣
ߺȣȻǱ⣬û뵽СӵֵǿԣˣǸۣϲĿŸߺϲ
߱ϾǲߣһССĻ˵һ˿ëǲҲֵ̫Ǯˡ
СӶǰЩԱǸСһճɹƣСһֳɹ˺⣡ǸοĿˡ
ߺ֣״ǸһΪԼþͷŵһƣʵе嶼ͬͷˡ
ʱߵȷΪߺģϾֻʣ²ʱˣû뵽ߺڰʱ⡣
ϸߺʱ򣬸ߺȻ߾ָ֣ɽǱȻۣȻһ͸״ݺݵȥ
ǸЩ죺ô£ȻܹΣɽ״ҿӻнƻѲ⾳
еһ֮󣬵ֻһصѩߺ֣յ϶˺Ļѩһѩˡ
þ֮Уߺվڶı֮ϵһʯ棬ȵ΢΢𣺡ҵıܷƿþ
ߺ˵ţڵıۣȻִƶڸߺһ͸Ľγɣ޾ĺ
ƣ
ߺһըһ㣬ֺݺݵǰȥ
ǵͱֺȻ޷Ŵ޽ݺݵǰȥ
ǱĵطʼᣬγһСͱ򣬵ǱʧڸߺҰ
ɣɵѾԶˣֻƿþûôԶģǲƿþߺ̾
漴ߺȻֻһССĻߣھƿһߵĻþδ̫Щ쿪ˡ
֮ʵǸߺģʹһ־ͶӰӵеߡ
һٺǿҲǾͶ顣һǿߺҲֻɲǼѡ
οм仹һȳӸߵǺӾߺԷüء
ЩʲôأþȥҲ֪ʲôʱҳȥ첻ʲô˷ˣߺ˼
ߺоһ״ԼĻ꺣Ѿа˳ɱסˣʮֵΣĻ꺣ľоʹˡ
ˣЩڲϵڸߺĻ꺣ӣϵľ̲ʳߺĻ꺣
ղֻ˿İΣ֮˷ܣû꺣һ棬пչ˻꺣ˣŸоԡ
оԼʶһ㱣Լ̫ˣѾ޷ָʹԼˣ
ң۸ߺֹЩ˿Ӱ죬ߺʣĻ꺣
ߺЩżˣΪԽԽоԼ岻Լˣһ㵸
޷Լ壬е޷ƣŸߺ㵸ź˷ȥ
䡭
һߺִֿʼٲϣһٲֿˣСٲߺеĵطһںʯϡ
鲢ûǵڲϵ죬ͬߺԺеĺһϵɢȥ
ΪߺԺеĺͬһԴߺеǸ챦ǧ˿ƵĹϵ
˵뺮ҲǸɫԣ˺꣬Ǹͷŵĺһ㣬Ųӵʡ
ȻͬһԴȴ̫ԶˣɫͷŵĺǾƾĻôߺĺϡǧľƾ͸ˣϡ򱶵ľƾ
⻹٣ߺ˽麮ĳ̶ȣֻƾĺڲĺܸߡ
ߺȻ޷Լ壬ڱϾߺ껹ûȫסԸߺٻǹõġ
״ߺƳˣһȻʶʲô
ǿȫõĺ⣬𵽻꺣УһֵڻõĻ꺣֮ǰ
һǱߺ֧ţ򱻱Ļ꺣ȥϵЩȸߺĺ֮ɡ
ֻһ˿˿һЧ
ȻٶһЩǱϾߺĺԼ֧ʮټϱߺͱԶԺһЩġ
ǿŻɫɢĺȻȸߺ߳ǱϾǹ¾룬ҸߺûͷŶ٣Իûжߺĺ⡣
ƵҲʱסˣΨһǸߺ廹ڲϵĹķɱ档
ңŸߺĺⲻϵĽߺ꺣еĺգߺԵĺҲԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽƫߺ


151 ʦ
һµʱڹˣ֣ʱڽ˳ɣͨһء
֣֮ľǷŭ𣺡ԭôţƣȻƣҽ֮˳ɣţ˵ôôţأ
Ǹߵ֣һۣעȫŵߺϡ
֣Ҳ˳߿ߺף绹ûй𣿰˵˱ƣڽ֮˳ɣӦòѰѵ˵
뵽ĳ֣鲻Խ˷ܵ㵸ұȺӴ츳Ҳãڳˣ
һ£Ѿһˣ绹ûأûˣ
ʱǸ̲ס֣յˣͲҪͳɹˣ
Ҳ٣籾ӵбƣͻƵ˳ɻ˶ʮ죬ôҵ츳ǱȺǿ
ǸεĿһۣľľǽͻƵ˳ɣҪͻƵ⣡
⣬˵Ŀͻ⣬ˣ
֪ǷǳͻƵģʳǼ˵˺ӷ㣬ûһӵߡ
ӷȻĳΪ˼еǿߣÿһ涼ҵ֮ս
ʣǼλ涼û⾳ÿ˶ŬǸŬ
һ֣磬Ǻӷӵľ⣬Ƣ͸˼ˡ
飬֣ٲ⡱Ѷȣǿɾɵûʲôˡ
ˣ֣ղеߵģϾ̫ˣҪ飬žҪߺ
֣˫ðְǸߣ˵Ҳôˣʲôãͨɱˣɵ㻹С𣿡
ҲͲԸ˵ˣҪӷǰƨƨˣ
Ǹ߱ˣ֣˽ʮӣڷӦˣɫǵͨ죺û˵СѾˣ
ôôһʦ˵츳СӲʮǧģӣʦ국
֣Ҳǣղϲĵȷô˵ԼĲˡԣ漴ת⡣
֮ҿԼŬͻƵ˳ɣ֤һ츳ģ
Ǹɫͨ죬뵽йĻߺܻܿ߻ħȻ֪ڸʲôǴϺǿϻǸоʲô
Ҫ˵ԻȪͼ˽⣬ߺ˺ܶ౶ŻȪͼ
ԣΪ˸ߺΪǵϣǽŭסˣֻǺݺݵĵһ֣ա
֣Ҳ֪²ã֪ߺһֱϣһ£ߺǾ޷ĵġ
ԼԺǶҪˮ֮УɲҪġ
ԣһԱʦʦ̵˵ûҲϵ
Ҳǵ֣ʣǽеѡҲԭͲʲô¡

𡭡
ú󣬸ߺﱬһϯķ͹ͷϷ붼һ㱡
ߺ緢㺮ӸߺбŷܱɰɵһƬ
֣վߺܽߺƵʱ֮Χ֣Ѹٱһ񣬲ڲϵ½
һȴڰգȻԼʵǸء
Ǹһӣ֣̽ⶳһǸϲϵҶ
ˣˣ䣬̫̬ˣ
ߺ˫ʱ΢ɫıֱֱ࣬˫Ҳ΢ɫ̹ǣɨܡ
⣬ȥ̵δ֮·⳾һа񣡡ߺе
ǾǱ⣬ȻڵĸߺԶ޷ոͨȥԽδʱգ磬ʹǰλҲɣ
ߺˣһӣߵĺʧӰ٣ûгֹһ
꺣ôˣ𣿡ץ֣գ˲ڸߺߣеʵ
ߺĿһۣ֮鹦ߵǿ󣺡ţõĲˣǸղźķ˺ܶڻЩ
ǰ㷽˵ҵ֮ͨλֵΪͽڡߺվǣ˵
˵ޱȣ˷Ŀ㺮ˣǺж΢дɫռ롣
Ǹߺ޷ȫеĺ⣬ЩɢԵʣɢ¶Ⱦȡ
ҿþʵ磬ǸߺܶƮѩ
ߺ˵⻰ǸߺȻЦˣЦһ˲䣬ߺ֣պȻо綼ˡ
ǸߺĵҲ֣Ĺؼһʯ
ڸߺ֣տĶͬˣʰ쵵ģպɼֵɫɵģҲ͸ɫζġ
ǱкüɫɵĲ棬ҿоȻ΢΢ζ
ٺɫ̫ůĹâߺ֣վԼΪȻ
ȻƮȥͶرѣˮ
ˣ
󣬿˵ֻ𣬿ȴڽѿرѣռңʱ⵹˾ѡ
ǰеһжʧˣûƾûֿԻΰΪû˿
ô£ߺЩ㤣ղһ̫ʵˣߺЩ㲻ʵǻþˡ
֣Ѿֲʵǻþˡ
¼ΨҶָ֮䣡ֱߺǸߡ
ǻþǻӰɣĸСȻҰңĲ㣬ƣ֣һȣȻһӡ
㶵Ŀ֣գȴŻʲô仯
ǣʱһһĹȥˣеһвûб仯һ˿ûв
֣ЩΣߺȻĵ˵ͷ֪ǻ룬ʵˣǰ˵ˣԼ˵ˡ
֣ҲϽһԱһ仰˵վԱߣ̧ͷ
ǸҲ֣ողǸ˼ȻʧЦ
ˣȰʦɣСǷƿջ֮壬Ҳ޻ãŶİܴģǸߺ͸ߺ
ͨһ֪ΪߺΪģߺĻһС
ֻҪߺ˵Լʹ˵֣յΪٵ֣֮ҲӦġ
ͬʦҲֻҪߺһ仰ɡ
Ҫֵ֤ܰʦҪֵܣ
ȻҾôһͽܣ
֣հʦ
ߺ䣬֣վ˫أŰͷͽ
һ£ʱߺȻⳡʽ˵ʦҲ̫С˰ɣ˼ҰݺǿΪʦأⲻ̫˰ɣ
ƾ⣬Ǹε̾һһ֧С
һҵĹ졷һؼʮʽǸһ㶮˵ı顣
Ҫ֣յİɣ𣿡

ҲΪ㣬ֻҪӦ֣ԸΣ
Ǹ룬ȻЩƣ뵽֣յķƿջ֮壬ҧ˵ͷ
ˣ֣տ԰ʦˣ
ͽݼʦ
һ̣Ǹ߶ˣΪոͽ𣿶ƵˣǩôƽȵԼ
֣սһ仰ͽ֮׵ˡ
ʦմ


152 Ȫͼ
ߺһס֣˵Ķ԰ʦˣ֪ʦ֣Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ߺֵ˵Ķ԰δǰ
ţͽҲ̫һˣҽСǸĵ˵ͷ
ǣû˵֣꣬Ƿʹ˹ʲôҶˣ˵ˣ˵һˣ
ߺ˴󺹡
һ鿪ʼҵֽ軪ųǸʱ½ȻϣҲһߣ
һ߶ϣ˵ǲЩˣߺдĲοԳ軪
軪ȴҡҡͷ˵ʵʵ˵ţ
ڵ߼ֱ̫ˣձ˺ܶ࣬ϹʱǿǺʦ繷߱ߵĳ̶ϣ㿴ڡ
˵⣬軪Ȼͨ죬˼ѪƵģҴʮǰͿʼȣʱкܶǺʦ
굽ʱ߾ֻгʦˣ굽꣬ǿߣǴ굽ڣȻֻлߴһͨˣ
˵ѵڲ𣿡

軪Խ˵Խߺòֹ˵ЩˣҴƫˡ
ǰʵɲˣ㻹ҵˡ
ǲ䲻Ҫǿʮ꣬
ǰ
ЩҲ̫ТˣȻ½̫ʱڴգǻҪǲ
ལǰΪҪͷһ־⣬ıģߺԽԽԾô˵˵ŸĳˣǸϽתƻɣ
ߺѯĹȥڱ첻˵ˣһ£Ȼͷһ¼䣬Ͼ̫ԶˣЩϸЩǲˡ
Ȼ鷢ϹʱڣǱϾǲߣǱȽģɤӣҸǽһ°ɣ
ھʮǰأǸʱû֣֮ʱͳأ
ڵʱĸǿ֮Ƕһ۹־һǵ۹ҹƣۺʵȴǿ
ĸһ۹֮£ʮ۹ţ䣬Ĵһ۹ʲô䶯
ҵĹңǽٸ۹еһһ۹ڣҵĵ۹ߺܻ֪
軪˵ţĿ˸ߺ
šʲôɣߺţ˺Ȼϡ
ɣô˵ҲϹʱڵĹңֻʮ߲ǾԲ֪ģ
Ȼ軪ȷϵĵ˵ͷ۹㻹ӡ𣿡
ȻûСߺ˳˵˳ǣȻ뵽ʲô۹˵۹Ĺ
ߺ뵽ˣ軪Ե÷ǳĸˣߺĻ֤뷨ûȷ۹Ĺ
軪˵ʱ۹һʮߣֻһְλ۹Ԫ˧
ǵͷ۹ǵʱʵ޼˵ƾС
֮侭սǵĶ۹ʮ۹ǵսͲᡣ
֮භ꣬һֱʤֱ졭
䵽⣬軪ϺȻ÷ŭ
ǲ֪Ѱһ߼ߣֻֿԻ񷣬˫ͬ£ÿֵʱ޾ĳȻס
ǻһ֣ռ䶼ѷ죬յƬƬĿռ䣬ҲҲ̶ãռľʿ񲻼
ֻһУʮߣһ븺ˡ
ǵĵҶɹһУһ֮˾ͻȥˣֵǣ۹ûгʤ׷ǳˡ
ȣȴûκЧ
Ϊ˱ҹѰһԿƻԪصıϵǿű飡
ʲôǵģ㲻Ұɣߺɫ䣬Ҿζܽű齻軪
軪ߺӣȻ뷨ģǲջصģⲻǱ˵ѣ
뵽ʲô軪۵Ľģ
ѰҵһͼȪ䣬ÿóʱ򣬶һ޿ɱĺ鲼쳣ռ䱻ᡣ
ţ챦һܹסǸߵĹԿԵסĻ棬ס
ϧõģʵȴǷǳĲпᡣ
ٴʱ򣬴ǿԽռٳ޵Ļɫ档
ǸȪͼóʱ򣬵ȷһ˿ãǲ
ȴĽ۹Ԩò֮ŻȪͼǻͶȥ
Ȫͼܵ˻Ӱ죬Ȼͷųǵصľ˺
ˣǺı̶ҲͻȻ½˰ٱռһ˲䱻סˣͷŻͷųĻ棬ȫ˱
Ȼ󣬿ռ䱻Ĵѣ۹أΪһ˸ҽıǣ
۹ܶңʱĶ۹ͼ۹Ĺ򿪣ÿǿʱ򣬾ͱһ䳹ĺˡ
ߣһЩ֮ߣǿԼʵȪͼԱߣȴȪͼͻȻͷŵĺɱ
û뵽ǣȪͼеĺжоԶ˾Զڳǳϵ۹ˡ
ֻʣʮߣǺӾ֮µ˶֮ɷĩֻɺһ
ӵв֮ѱɱʹͬΪߣ߶ÿԽһ
֮ǲеʮ⣬зǳǿ֮ǿĲԵѪ
ǷǳɱģʹΪ͵Ĳ߶Դﵽֻ֫Ҫһӣʹʮͬ˶Ҫס
ҲΪߵǿеļ߶Բ֮סûб
Ȼɱ񣬿ڻģǷһµʵԺ֮еһɺ
Ƕǲ֮޷޸ģȥˣǵ걻ȫסˣҲǵĿƣȻ𽥿ʼպ
ڣǧȥˣǷ֣ԼȻԿԼˣǣҲ֣ʱǲ֮ˣһͷ佩
ǵʵҲǲ֮ˣǵѾ½ǺӾ磬ҷ֣ǵȻЩ
ľǻȪͼ׼ȷ˵ӦѵĻȪͼ
ʱ䣬۹ָֻʢʱڣȻŻȪͼڳ˯ǵ˵Ĳ߹ͬõİݡرͼͳȥ
ȫʣĲ֮ȫѹŻȪͼʮߵĲ֮޷ġ
ֵǣǸǿĲ߻⣬ûгֱͬ״ȪͼȫҲϡ
ԲЩǽȪͼ룬ÿȪͼһű飬Ȫͼһ֡
ڣʮǰȪͼиһĳ̶ȣЩȻǳȥѾԴ־ˡ
˵˽Ҳֳÿһ߶һ־ѰԼĺˣ취ȪͼΪڶ಻֮
˵⣬軪ͣ²˵ˣߺ֣ɵˣȪͼҲ̫ǿˣֻȻʮ߱佩


153 ѹ
ϢԸߺ˵ʵ̫ˣǸߺû뵽ԼĻɫȻô߶޷Σ
ߺϸĸһ壬ЩǣҲ޸окβףǱ鲢޸ҴʲôΣ
⣬֣ϲ񣺡磬û뵽ôţƵĶԺ˭۸۸ʱǶѾģ
˵֣꣬ջǴ׵ӣϲһ
ˣ֣ʱ軪һɣŭȵ
֣ձʦһɣĲںʲôô۷߶Ƕ֣ʲôúµģ
֪֪ѽ
軪תͷɫʮصĶԸߺⱦǧҪóڻûôıóҿһ£
˵ţ軪֣۾Ÿߺ
ߺһ֣գǰֵܴ
ޣԣ֣رһ£Ϊʦǹؼһ£ԺǾҪеĹˣ軪תͷ֣˵
ʦ𺮸磬һ뿴һ챦أƾʲôҿ
軪εҡһͷԼѡͽҲǿˣôôһƶ졣
ΪãǿűĺܲˣܿɲǼͱ佩Ϊʦɲóģ
ʱ֣ҲԲˣˣȥϤһ¹ҲǺ£ȥɣ
֣ߺ˵Ų뿪⣬ߵһȥ
軪ΣԼʦ˵ûһССĻ߹أ
֣뿪⣬軪һ֣ƾնһϡΪ˺ȥ˺֣գȻ֣ղǺŵϾԼͽܡ
ͬһףôܲأ
ߺԥĽؿλõĽָó֮ݸ軪
軪˵ͷȻǴˣһʶʱ񣡡
ߺƾԼľ޷֮սҲ޷סű飬Ըɴóʡ˼á
˵ĻþΪֻҪű飬ԿԲɫסߺ˵󻹿ûþһٵı顣
軪һһŻɫı̳УһĺڿУܵ¶½ʮȡ
ʹڸߺӵб⣬ɪɪæ˺ʮžûôˡ
軪Ǳ۸Ӧһ£ʶεĹĦŻȪͼоӦǻȪͼУȪۣ֮Сӣиˣ
Ȫ֮ʲôĴڣ𣿡ߺɻʵ
軪εЦһ£ҲȪͼɣ
һͼлȪǻȪ֮ϵı졣
ڻȪ֮ǰֻɫ֮ϣҲаֻ
ǶþͲö֪ˣͼǷֱͼԴ
ϷеһŴɫ飬Ǹ֮ԴϷ֮Դ·һŻɫ飬ǽȪۣ֮ȪȪۡ
˵գ軪ָһ±飺žǻȪۣ֮־ûʱӦûû߲ǣӦʮ䷢ˣ
ǣĺӦû˲߽׺ǿô˵أ˵պ֮󣬲û˵ģ佩
軪ĸߺͣű黹ڳ˯һ챬ˣǺʹ߶Ҫߣ
û£ֻһԽˣ
˵գеöָ֮У½ڸߺͬСɣǺӾ۷֮󣬾ȥ۹һΣ֮ܲܽշ
ţʹ㲻˵Ҳȥģߺᶨ˵ϻԸߺֱǴҩߺŹǼġ
ȪͼҸߺһõģߺ뵽
֪ԼԺ·һߣɲɵΪԼֳŻȪۣ֮ǻȪͼͱضԼˡ
֪Ȫͼ֮ԴȪ֮۲һб֮Դ
֮ԴͬǻȪͼ֮ԴлȪͼ䵽ı飬䵽һЩǿϣǸߺʤ͸Сˡ
Ͼ軪˵ľѾʮˣʱѾȥ̫ˣ׺ɣ˵ǴַѾ˷˸سˣ
뵽⣬ߺɫ΢΢Щѿ
軪˸ߺǣģȡ˻Ȫͼ־Ͳˣ
ңȪ֮֮ԴȱһȪͼԶܱȫ
ߺƶǶĵ˵ͷû軪ΪҲ֪־뱾֮ʲôϵ
ˣǰ֣վȸˣϾǻأߺû뵽軪ս⡣
£˵½ҵ¡
˵Щ˵Ҳ֣Լȥ˵Ͼ֣յʦô죬֣Լɣ
ߺΪ֣հʦҲΪĽ룬ʦ֣յĳɾޣµҲǺ飬Ҳǻ۷塣
ǰһʦǽͲһˣҲǳߡȻмز۵ǰ֮¡
軪΢΢ͷСѣ΢һ£ҪͽһЩ
ţȥǱߵһ£ߺָ¹ڲϣ軪ִһڸߺĽָ֮ϡ
ߺϵĽָʧˣߺֻܸӦȴ޷ߺɻĿ軪
ڽָϴһκβµ߶޷͸ԺͿԷĵĴָˣ
ߺϲ⣬һֱָԼĲ±˷֣ںˣԺҲú±˿ˡ

ȥ·ϣߺ֣·Ϸɱ֣һ·϶ɵ֣ĸߺdûš
û°ɣߺЦɵˡ
û£û£еǿнģУʦ͸һϽױ½
ߺ仰˵˰˰ٱˣ軪ǿ֣˵軪ֻһ֣ʹɽзɳʯ
ֻĻ˼֣Щʯͱ
軪ʦҲǳ谮֣գȻһ¸֣׶εıӺ鵽ı׼׵ġ
ˣǱ֮л軪ȴǲ֮Լ
ÿһŻ񣬲軪֮࣬ӡסˣֻ֣յĻþΪһĽ׶֮󣬲ѿӡ
軪Ժдڻõ⣬֣գԺʲô飬
ߺЩοǣ֣ղû軪ⳡս»֣ҶȨֻ֣δᡣ
Ǹߺ֣ҺãֻǿһζֻѰ˰ԶܳΪǿߵġ

֣磬ٴһɣ
֮ǰݣƹѾˣǿ򱾹Ԯϣһĺǿǲ
ĹƹⷽоʮƺƵѹ
ǼֻʮӣҾӣʮ
ƹӲһ룬ͲƹӵĶ֡
ҿ֣ʮ֮ǰѹס죬Ȼ¾ʮʱ䣬ˡ
ûôֹۣ֮ͽҶԷǿҲʱ
ڣѹվǲҲһǿɱֳ


154 ļ
α֮ǰ֣뽭֡
սʼ֣Ȼһֱ龳ǿΪѹŽ죬ȴ޷׻
첻ӵз֮壬ҸӵоųɷƣߺսʱûȫȫĻʱĸߺԲһ֮С
ϧӵпȺǿʵҪܣֹзǲǿסԼ
ĻпܽԼƬء
Сƹ޹ʷұ߾ɣ֣һȣںĳǽ
ЦЦ߾ʲôַģ˵ȹĹֻΪĹѽ
޳ܣ˵䣬֣Ѿ֮ǰһһѪɫǹУֱָĽ졣
Ѫɫǹֵʱ֣ϵһ䣬ºͣҲûǺͰ崺ʡ
ɢɱһɱɱƲ񷡣
֣ʱһˣֳѪɫǹѪɫǹˣѪɫǹͷѪɫǹӧ
˫۲һ˿飬ѩɫͷ޷ԶСӣˣϹһս
˵ţһ񱩲̵Զʮ֮Ľ죬ǵȻѪɫģɢ޾ɱľսһֻܣûз˼
֣ӵеľȻɱƣʮѵõƣɱͻ֮󣬱ɱ⡣
ʮѵõ⾳ˣɱҪͻ˵ߣԷľöԷе־壬Դ˴ﵽս֮
ݴ˵½ܾúܾ֮ǰԶڸϹ֮ʱһλǿĲߣųɱŷǡ
ӵеľɱ⣬ֻһɱŭ𣬾ʹöԷʮλΪĲߣİǺʦʦɵĶ飬⡣
ǲֻߣʮλͬߣϺİȻԷһˡ
ȻǴ˵Ǵ˵ⲻò˵ɱȷǿϾ鲻Ѩ硣
ǣɱȻǿģӦҲǷǳģɱ֮˲Żɱƻɱ⡣
ǣɱֻ֮һֵķʽɱ֮˿򣬻һֱȽϼѵķǲϵɱɱɱС
ۿ֣磬ԾǺߣʵҲ
֣ΪһԪ˧ɱ˿϶٣֣绹ܶȷ棬ڶɱ¾ǱҪģǲȱٵġ
֣ʱɹɱƣһʱʱʮһлصΪϼɱƣɹԪ˧λá

ȻѾ˽֣սʽʮ֮ȻͿʼ嶸Ȼһ硣
Ƿ粻ϵתһתĻܣɹĽǿ񱩵ֵסˡ
ϲģҲ湻޳ܵģһλᣬߺȻҽվҪ㳢һɥ֮ʹЦЦ
ڽв֣粻мһˣҿûͰɣ
ƥ򣬿ǰ棬еȥһս˵գ첻ˣΪĵطȥ
֣ԥһ£ĵԼ˴ǰ죬ȻսԼûɾܾҲȥ
ֱܳڲԭϽһѪս
֣նǹ߾ٺݺݵ򽭶ȥɱƱоЩ¡
ĺϰ˻ģĵӰķУڿıˣ˱ĵǵǹӰȥ
εĺϰ˻ĿɲȶԸߺǴΣһƱɫӿƤˡ
䡭
ǹӰμҵײһǿҵĳȥǿ۷硣
ȷ粨ȥ֮Ƭضһ飬ݲݶ˵£Ƭĵطʪ
ɱѪɫǹֱֱĴֱǰǿԽѿ
ǳǹգ۾͵ǰˣƣУҲûĩصҲĩ
ųɷƣ쾡ȫʩչųɷƣΧγһ΢
΢˵ٶȣҪǿȴ޷ģǴǸǹ޷͸
̵ϵǹ֮һֱͷϿʼð˺ǼҲ˺飬ǹſʼĸı켣
䣡
ǹ̵ԱߵĴϣƬԭʼѣȥ
ҲЩѷ֮У˺
Լӣƿ㣬
ܻΧǿ΢Ҳҵıûжκ˺
Ͼ޷סЩģʱǻͷġ
ڿվ֣縩Ž죺֮Ȼ񣬾ȻԽõ㴿죬磬ȻԵã
˵꣬һУڵµĳǹ̷˳䵽֣ϡ
ԭոֻ֣ȫһ
죬޷ҵģȥǿ϶ȱݣǾʹȥҹΪǵģ
Ǻǣƥɵ˰ɣȻ˱Ц㻹ǵԼɣ˵꣬쳤Хһ
սﴦܣӰ˵ս
ÿ˶źɫƳɵ֣źɫĽ£ͷɫĳš
Ǳһ磬һǻɫһȴɫ
һʼڿήĲ£õǻɫ磬ûΪǿ֣翴
Ǻڳ⣬ƹרŰɱֵĴڣҪ㣬һ᲻أÿһǻأ߾ϵߣ
΢΢̣ȻǵֻͨĻأǣҵĻɾΣˣɣ
֣ɫһ£ԷȻжʮϵߣʵ̫ǿˡ
úҸʢɣһǼһＸǺġ
еĺڳԱóԼıǹꪣӦоС
Ǿеı֣ԶԶĳ
֣ҲɫأȻǺߣֻǺһأο滹һԵֿԼĽ졣
ɣһȴ׶һȣ߸Ծڿе֣ȥ
ȾֱʣͬһƣеƶγһԴΪĵԲ
ʲôμؼļף֣һ
ؼܲ似ǼȻǶμҵؼһΪʲôؼѵμǼϸ
ЩڳĶԱУͬһˣһ𣬾ȵĿŽʩչļס
֣ô׾ʹܵģгǹһӣҵҪνؼʲôģ
˵꣬гǹһӣ򽭶ȴȥ߲ǹ㣡
һǹ򽭶죬ǹһ򽭶һȡ
ʱͬһ𣬴űըÿһαըҷ磬ɵУǹȥ
ģƺ˵ĵģΪ͵˸޷סɷĩˡ
ҿӺԶȻ˫֪ж޹ʧϡ
Щ֣һöûУ֣ĳǹȥƲģȥ
䡭
ɢڿУĴضѿˡ
һȣǹӰըˣ󻯳ɵķҲ֣һǹɨ
һ׾
֣һʲôѵȫ׵ļף


155 
߲ǹ֮¾֣翴Է߳ļеĵڶȣ˿Ҵ⣬æʹ߲ǹһǹֿ
Ҳɵ棬֮ƣΪ޼û뵽Ȼμؼļס
جģӵؼĽ죬Ѿһսˣѹ
ټǶʮ֣֣νʮΣǰлǡ
Ȼ˵Щ߶֣ûκвǺǿ赲ֿ֣һµġ

ʹõһ׾ǸɲŵĶǧΪǿļ˴ؿڷƣһɶǡ
֣ʹõȴҲʮǿ߲ǹеһǹֽ¾Ҳɱ¾֮⡣
һѪɫİ籩Χ֣ɢȥ򽭶켷ѹȥ
иǴŽ֮⣬ʹ˸оڲҵսΧԼԼй
ﬣ
ըȵˣĵҲըһӣǵˮ׵
֣뽭ˣҲǿĳըȥ
ͬǣ֣类ߺ𣬶Ǻݺݵȥ
ֱ֣ףҵĵ£Ӱ
֣ڰͦסߵ壬дڵµ˺ۡ
֣龰æ֧Щ磬ǣĻЩֲסЩ硣
ɷԴͷǵϣشУ쫷𣬳γһ磬Ŀڿе֣硣
죬ûҪģȻ˰֣Ϸ򲻵ˣ֣羭˼Ǻ󣬺Ȼȥ
ƥΪ㿴ʩչļܻ֮뿪𣿸㣬
˵գվıֱ͵ĺڳԱ˵ڳҪס֣磬ʮӣ
ʲôǾȻ£֣ɫǳױˡ
һĽ޵ĽƶɵģĽ޿ǱȺһĴڣƾ޷ƿġ
ķƳɵģ޽лĽ޵ѹѹԱһѹơ
ȻҪɱĽޣҲǺ۷壬Ϊֹûзܼкصߡ
һؾͿƬˣղҪ˵۷ˡ
ңķǹŷѾʧˣ˵֪Ѿÿûˡ
ЩҲǴнǣƹûдѽ
йŴĻƹҲǵ۹οԸһİǹأ
֣ͷмת˼⣬ôҲ벻ףεõġ
ֻý֮鹦ƹڹżеõģһĻȴƷ֣Ĳ롣
ǽ췢ǺڳӳԱȴ˿һۣ񽭶Ƶġ
죬Ҫ״ǲǲģҵලģʵȻܿҲҪһˣ
Ǻ֮Уһǰǰһ˵
Щ˶ɫĮû˿ĸ飬ڸո˵Ļʮֵͬ
챾Σλڴˣǳ֣һأȻĵͷˡ
λˣ֪Ȼ֣֪һļףŻȥĻ
⣬Ǹո˵ɫһ䣺˵Ķԣֵǣ󣬲
ļգѸ˵˿һһС
ڵĲ˻ᷢ⣬ûʲôر֮ǱһС˼֣
Ǵ˵еôˣ֣ڸ̾Ȼˡ
˰ó֮󣬻ûнһǷָˣͽסˣվһˡ
߳һźˣǴһģһеùϸĹĦһ¡
أȻܹסߣ૵
¸շЩˣΧס˭ӳôˣӳ
һʧˣνĶӳѾˣҿǸһžۣ
˵߽£ǸߺǺˣ
ԭߺ֣ڻ·ϣڸ·ߺ֣ձ¶Ȳˡ
ߺһβһ˵Ƭս֪ĿĸߺǱһߡ
Ǽһרע۲ʱһڣ֮׶
ȻߺͰˣ·Ǳ
ߺڴ⣬ڵȵ˻ᡣ
óʱ򣬸ߺаһˣ͵Ϯ
ߺڵʵǻأϱ͵ϮǸصûз֮£˲䱻˱

֮󣬸ߺòĸ˸к֮ˣٴкθ룿ϲϲҸľϲ
СҪС˵꣬Ҳ˻ڰе֣ˣ廯һ磬ߺٹ
֣ϣһ鷳ˣҽǽ˵գߺһͷȺС
֣弱ĽȥСӣϷһս
ڵĽֻиߺﻹ֣磬ƾǹǺĿ겻䡣
ҵģ߲ǹ֣֮ŭһ֣꣬һѪѪɫǹϡ
ǹ֮ϺȻɷ죬֣ϵƸǱһͬһ㣬嶸Ȼ٣ֻ˲ǰ
ӣһǹ˵ţһǹ򽭶ɨȥͬһɫǰٶޱȣǿ
һǣ
һ󱯼ŵϢϯƬ򣬸ߺԼ޿δһƬڰԴȥ
ߺǧսȻҲ֪ļɵĺ΢΢⣬ú⾳潭ı⡣
ﬡ
֣ͽ챻ըɳȥߺ屻ɢĳƳԶԶ˺ܶࡣ
ǸߺЩڳԱҲͬߺһƳԶ
սˣߺźڳǼƵЦš
СһصСС߾Ȼôû˵һڳӵĻߡ
ߺ΢΢һЦСʹң˫ַϣ
ɶСҪ˺ã˵Լıǿֱϵ˫צڣ¶ײ
Ϊ˲۸㣬ҾͲʹñˣ
ߺһ仰񵼻˲ȼŭһɺɫΧ֮γɡ
֮γһֲĺɫõ״ƣŷ¶ڿС
ߺɫһôô죬ǲĿ


156 
ɽԴǵӶߣʹùееǳϴʧɫ
ߺһ߶ǸòϵĹһߺǸ˵Ż֪Ǻûйϵǲһأ
û˵ǹȴԽԽϬˣҲڼӴ
ߺǺңÿһ˴˸ߺ壬Ǹ嶼ữһӰӣʧڿС
󣬸ߺֻһԶĵط֣˫ֱ磬ϵԼ׵⡣
ʱǸڳӵ۵ģ㡭㡭ӡ̫Сˣҡááһս𣡡
ʵ̫ˣһ仰Ȼ˵˳Ｘӵʱ䣬икֶܶû˵塣
ߺ΢΢𣺡Ҳ̫ˣûн˵𣿻㳤̫ˣû̹㰡
ֻǸߺȤʵ˵ȷ۵ģʵʱĹ˵ȷʲô
ǣżķʽҰʱڼߺڵʣ޼ˡ
һع͵ߣǼʹ㹥ǿҲṥҵģٶ̫ˣ
㡭㡭㲻Ҫһʱڡ˵ţһˡ
˵Ϊǻأ֮ҲеλҪһʱڿ죡ҹȥۣ
ǣǸص߶ʩһȥ
Ǹص´˻һ½ǣٶģӦٶͣӦòɣĶ֣
˻ոأһڹͳڸߺһߺȥ
ۿţҪĵߺˣ¶΢ЦҲˣ
ûʧһƹȻӡ˸ߺϣһҽ쳹գ˵ɫȴɲǼ
ԭǸߺģǸղǸصĺڳԱġ
ȻǰߺӰӽģԶǸ󣬸ߺֵ󣬶ǸصҽУ
˻ᷢǣ˺ֻӦȺУ˼ĵüţ
ߺñ⽫ıȫסˣҿƱķΧﵽĳ̶ȣѶȺܴǸߺı⣬Ųɢԡ
ʹߺŬƱ⣬޷ɢٶȣߺֻþ˵ԼҪ˵ġ˵ΪɵɵĻΪҹҵĵ𣿿Цɣ
˵գߺ⿪ʼᣬһУ͸ضߺܵĺҲ۵һĳ̶ȣγһС͵ı
국ſ㲻Ǹص˲䱩ŭգۼڸߺı֮⡣
򣬵ǵʱڿʮֵᣬٶȾȻ˺ö౶
Ҳ޷쵽˵۶ĳ̶ˣڸߺıѾʼˣٶȻǺܿ졣
ߺٴα˲ͽǸص߱ɱ񣬵ǸߺûнյǸŬͷų
θߺĿһθɵԷߣԲŹˡ
һոɱǸصߣȻĻǸߺĶ֣Ͼٶ̫ˡ
սߺǰһι͹ߺܵģϾعԵߣǸߺбҪġ
ȻߵǰˣͲܷŹ
һ͸ܷŹˣأٶȷǳߡ
һɺȥ򶼱ոձߺɱߣһ˿Ѫˡ
ѪҺѾھУͻ֣ᷢеѪҺѾһ
ѪҺӲѾߺĺⶳͬʯͷһ㣬ߺ⣬ʬԶҲκα仯
ʹÿ춼ҫ⣬Ҳκεĸı䡣
ǣߺںչȥ¶ȿԵܽĵز
ͬģɺҲǸص߸оˣоܵ¶ȺȻøӵˣԼ޷˳ˡ
ллٶֽ˺֮ܶ࣬ǰٶȺܿ죬ͬͨһٶȵıܡ
ȫ֧֧ڵٵУԴʩչɢ
ټˣŶˣʱ򣬸ߺͻȻһϺı
˵ѸٿʼһʼԲҽУкɢͷҲ𽥵ᡣ
ݵλĺڳԱڱһƷݷŭƷ
ɹɱ֮󣬸ߺ̧ȥɵ¶һ˿Ц
ܿǻվŶʮأÿһ߶ǻصߣʣλصߡ
ԸߺһСսȻߺѾ˱⣬ڴ֮ǰѾɱأֿˡ
ǣʮ߶Щѡ
ңߺЩ˲ͨĻߣ֮ǰǸߺɱĻߡ
γɵǸͷȿԷҸߺԴиоǿƻ
ߺţֻҪԼ֮ҧУ϶ǳأûñܵŵĻߺԼΡ
ǵĹҲʮֵأߺûʶ
ûһֹȻ⻯ˣҿֲܻͬĹʽ
ߺԿÿһһͳ͵ĹǸߺӴ˿ȷڲͬչ
ͱո˾ٶȷǳĿ죬ߺǰӴģȡеġ
һֹͬȻвͬЧߺû뵽ֹ
ʱߺͻȻһڻþУԼñȷסٲȻýͱ⽫֮Ƶ
ǾֻܿʤˣȻǸҲ֪ĹҲ͸ûֹ⣡⣡
գߺź״̬޾ĺķȥߺķķΧڵĲݵϿʼӳ㡣
ұ㻹ڲϵչڳӵĳԱһߺɱԼԱ˲䱩ŭߺΧס
Ϊǿߺеĳ趯һǰǼߵȥ
ǵǰѸγһεĺ⣬Ǽ˼ٵȥǺ⾭Ŀױȵĺ
ЩȻЩ⣬ȻܸоһǿԼ˿
æóͬǸصߣԼγһ״
ﬣ
ҵײһɫͷȻϵĿŸߺı⣬Ǹߺĺôô򵥡
Щò۶ôŬֻܵסǰȴҲ޷ԸߺĺκεӰ졣
޷Ӱ죬Һ⻹ڲͣͷжᣬЩõĿɵĶԽԽҪͣסˡ
顭
ЩñĩѹķĩڿС
˿ƲãϳˣǸߺ
⣡νߺ˵⣬ָ֣ɽǰıѸС۳ɽ״
ߺָٻǰα⻮·һ޴ĽȴʵĽ־γɵĽ
ۣ
κӰѸͣһȻȫڣˤڵϡ


157 ҧ
ԱɵİνǾͽνߺҲܲԼɵĽʩչνȻһɱôࡣ
ϸһ룬ԭܼ򵥣ߺĽα⸽źĺߺĺ¶Ȳ֪˶ٱ
ıʹƬʮ̣ٶȶ˺ܶ࣬û֧ͱûκμٵĽն
ߺİνýαʩչģںУǽαⲻ٣ˮٶȸӿһ
Ӧ֮£һ٣һȴ٣һ͸Զˡ
Ҳʼ⽫Է˵ʽƵȻĻߺն˶ԷȴβὫԷնɱ
һĻ˾ˣԭǻֳһЩעעԱߵս֡
ǣߺһ˵עȫˣŸߺʲôͨƣ
Բƣָоʦϸо⣡⣡
ʲôŻأڻؾͿ𣿡
Ͽ֧ҷɢΧסһͬй
һҪ⣡žɳ

Ѹٿʼִһ·ɢ˷ߺΧסһڲϺˣԶߺ
Ȼ֪ˣҾͲܷŹˣԲǡˣ˵ĻߺȻˡ
Ҳû뵽ǵĸоȻ̶ֳȣôϳԼõ⡣
ȻߺŹǣΪ˵ЩͬŹߺ
һ۷߿ѾˣߺȴԻؾ⣬ֱ
ǵȫǺܴ󣬲Ҳʮңߺǲʮѡ
ܹﻯأѾˣǵĽ
ߺڲʮ⣬Ǽʣ޲ýߺʬΡ
ĿǰֻսˣߺһԱ֣뽭սѾе˰Ȼ׶Ρ
ÿһγ֣𶯣ƿʼڵӡ
Ǳߣߺ߾ͺöˣȻֺܶ࣬û񽭶һĳǿߡ
񿴵ߵŭ𣺡ҪСɱˣҲɱǣ
ˣҶ˵ѲҪ췴˲ɣɱǣǽӸϵ϶ᱻɱļȮ
ȻвǣһǺŭȵ
ļеĴﲻϽʹãɿ֣ƽ֣˵󣬳ָŸߺ¡
Сߺո˵˺ȥ硣
ܣߺæӦͬʱͷųǹɳԼĺȥ
ĺǹȥǸߺı⡣
ﬡﬡϣ
죬ǵǳ˸ߺı⣬顣
ȻߺǱ⣬Ͼߺж̣ҶԷҲǾųɷƣױȵǿߺıվǶ֡
ţǹɺƿߺıڸߺϣʣûж˿Ӱ졣
ߺջأһ¸ոʩչֻ֣ܵҪʩչڶ׾ͺˣһͿͷֻˣ
ܵڶȫԲʩչֻҪУͻ֮ǰγһܣǸܻͷߵƶﵽԼá
ߺԽԽоӦ˽ؼ
ǣؼ˭ֻó̯أԸߺһֱȷϡ
ߺǵסˣǸڳԱȴûסиĹˣֻʣһѹͷɢ⡣
Ǹ˵Ļûһ˿һá
絹˲أֶԾʤһ˲䣡ߺ̾
Ȼϣոճдͱ֣©һǹͱ򽭶ؿڡ
˳һ㣬ܿҪһǹ͸Ѫӿ
ĻûκεãʹʵǿҲֻлǿȡ
ͬߺʹǿҲ޷۳
Ҫ뻤ǿ󣬳ǿߺһбķǿǿȡ
첻˷û˵֣磬Ʒ۾
֣粻֮Ӳǹһ̴ӽļг㣬һơ
Ʒ絶֣Ļϣ֣Ȼ֨֨죬ȴҲʼûбƿ
һͿԿ뻯ߵĲͬǸߵĻڽһ֮£ᱻƵ
֣Ļסȫһȴ֧ס
һʧʱҵǹͻ͸ؿڣ֣Ц
һһΣҵƾͻ͸壡
죬㾹Ҷǳ֣Ͳڽμ𣡡
Ȼ޼ɵĴЦǿЦɱǣֻҪ˵ǱǰС֣ƥɱľͺˣ㣡ȻϾ죡
˵գ֣ս
⡭Щ֪ôźã챾λԶǣûԺ󣬾Ȼвˡ
ߺĲҽǵĳ˼ϡ
ԭסʱ򣬸ߺĴ㾡ɱˣǾ⣬ֳ͵͵ܵһߡ
Ȼס죬͸ؿڣ࣬ʹǸڳĬȥˡ
λ˵ĹȻûڳĬڳĬб
ڸߺɱ˵ʱڳˡ
סԷ죬׼һʱ˵ķӦȴǳĿ죬һҧס˸ߺơ
Ϊ˲˷֣ߺڰɱʱȻûֻǵ
ǶԷɲ±֣⺬һҧڸߺˡӡǣһɰӡ
ԼΪˣߺ㲻Լ˲䱬˲䱻ˡ
ýӲϿʼһı񣬾ǲ̫Źۣ죬ҧĳֶ
ãȻˣǾһսɣߺ׳־ԣ·ոյ͵ϮһϵûС
֮ǰе˶֧ӿ񱩵ߺ
ߺǿ;еĴȫѿ
ӰΣ
ߺһΣǰǼ֧ܣס˼
ƽ
ȻƽƵһЩߺһǳɡ
ʣߺ̫ߺѾ޷κӦ֮ˣֻý⸲ȫӲĿһ
ﬡ
ߺ屻ҵļȥȻߺıⶳ˲٣ǿĳȻøߺƤѿ
⣡ߺб⣬ǱеˣԱ⽫ǰʹǵĶᡣ
ߺָ֣ɽǰı̿ʼһᣬڿбһɢĽν
ߺָڿл˵ĻӦƣڣǺѪ
ãȻƿߵĻν𵥴İνǿ˲֪ٱ
ߺҲͷһñʵսоĺܺãǳ͵¶ȽٶȱҲˣһûгأ


158 ǣ
ߺһбν֮󣬳ɹĨɱˣߺʩչӰΣϳʮ֮⡣
ոն֮󣬼ԼֻΪߺıٶ˺ܶ࣬ߺʩչӰɶȥˡ
ν
ĸߺתͶԶ˵Ļ
ֻǼûƵǼ˵ĻǱϾнӰĸӣԵǼЩ˵춯ٶȡ
ѵãߺȻŹǻûеĺһĳ
ɽ
һɴ׳Сɽĺѹǣεĺɽ֮ǰĲ֮ͬǰֻǼ˱ơ
˴ΣɽںϵȴǱ⣬ĳɱ֪ǿ˶ٱҲǸߺ󣬵һʩչɽ
䡭
һ죬ɽȻǿ󣬵ǱϾԷڶ߽ߣߺɽֻ˽׹ɽںϵġ
ԣɽȻǿûнԷɱȻĺɽбϾб⣬ʮǿġ
ǿԷĻ״ݻˣ
ν
ৣ˲͸漸˵˲ѪӿЩΡ

ߺڱ󣬳³һղŵսĵڲʡ˶ѡ
ߺȻɱ˲ˣǴ󲿷ȴǻصߣǼص߻õĴš
ߺͻƱ֮Ǳ˱⡪⣬ʵȷúǿ
ǰͬ¶սغͻصߣ˵ǲ˼ġ
ڣˣǵΧ֮УɹɱЩصߡ
ȻصȻûɱͬʱսصߣҲһСĽˡ
ȻǿֵزɶȫǶ֣
ǵ͵ˣƾǵΪôսʮǵĶ֣

ߺǿЦһ˵ķϻ̫ˣɣɣ
˵գߺӿǿƣֱƶǼߡ
ļһҧҪǵʦԸˣ
˵꣬˾ȻĶˣ弱ȥ
ǲԸߺѾߺƵˣʮ߶ߺɱ仨ˮġ
ǲţô˶޷ߺܣƾԼ˾ͿԽߺɱԱ⡣
ܵȻ췢ˣɶһССĺ󱲶ɱһȺ
Ȼĳ飺ãҽңɶ񣡡
뵽Ǹֲĺ֮󣬽쿪ʼƺķ֣繥
ֹʽֱǿֲԲС֣Լĳǹ˫ֻһ˿֣ȥ
ֱǷӣ֣粻òջԼĳǹԱȥԶܶԷƾ
֣һлǹϵ򽭶ȥ
ǣԼ֣֮󣬽㲻ڹ֣ˣոǾܵķȥ
֣ǹ׷ʱߺ˵ˣˣ֣ϣĪ׷Ѿսˣ
ֻڵĸߺ̱ڵϣȫϢ΢ߺҲǣ
ߺıȻǿԼӸؾǻߣһǸոͻƵģضޡ
û֧ţߺı޷ɱǼصߡ
ʹڹƾߺı⣬Ҳɱصߣϣ˵ˡ
֣ϣո㿴ʩչؼǷоϤߺתͷʵ
֣صĵ˵ͷոˣ˵Ƕμҵļף
ûȷļףǧȹ䣬ӸոǵĴͬеһлû̫ĸı䣡
ߺȷϵ˵أԣҾãӪеļϸӦʮа˾žǶμҵǼˣ
黹֤ݣƾտڰû˵
鲻ǵˣ˵ֻ϶㹻ˣĵĲǡ
ߺûнƹһɴߺţʹǶμҶǸص֮¡
ˣĿǰҪľҪⳡսĶҪ֣˵꣬ڿն𣬲Ƿȥ
˵ʤһУ㿴Ѿʤˣߺ̾һȥ
ɲǣﻹһλֵǵأѾȼ˰ɣ

Զڰеļƽͨ˽ߣս˽һ
ɶ񣡱϶ǸߺμǼ˵ֻ֮иߺʵҲֻڽģ
ˣ֣ǵѾոճֵǸ˴ˣңҲˣ
һΪߵߣڼƽԱ˵Ǿ֣
ž
ƽһĶ⣺åǣ국ǸߺǸߺˣҹ
ҾͲţǰҪ¶ʮӲɣǻ국
ŸոձӣΣǣˣѾûлϵĸˣ
⣬ƽһ࣬һǸߺǸߺǵļƻˣɶ񣡿ɶ񣡡
ҪҪߺһҪʬΣ
ʱһĽԱȥɣ֧㣡㹻Ǻ
ҡǹǺɶձ˰ƽģ漴
սûиһԺܴĿǶ滹кߣʵĸߺ
Уһնףеĸ߼춼ɱⳡսʤͺ˵ˡ
ȻԷ˱ˣ֣϶ͲˣȻһֵĺܺõĻᡣ
ǣ֮й涨ú߲ս
ҪǶԸʵȺߵĽ죬ҪԷǲкߡ
ڽΪܲսΪϾԷǻߣȻʵȺߣĵȷȷǻߡ
ٻȥ·ϣƽһҧгݣԸߺν޵ȥˡ
ȣƹ߻˼ļƻƣչĺúõģ߻˼ƣ˲䱻ߺһξʹˡ
⻹ǵһΣ뽭ɱߺûгɹߺӪ
ҹӽ嶪ʧߵʱһ뽫һ͵ʴס
ǴΣƹӿνʵ˽ǡ
ǵڶεļƲߣֱߺƵˡ
ǵΣΪ˴˴μƻ֣˵ˣֳһ
֤Խ֣⣬ȻǴ죬ڼϼ˳Ľǡ
ߺһ˹룬ƻ˿ˡ
һֱԼļƲΪļƽ˵Ǻѽܡ
ߺҵĿǣҾͲˣˣ֣ͨһҪɱߺȻǵļƲ߾ͻһ
ƽһ£ס֣ҲǺߣ٣һͨĺߣҪеĸ֣
һӦȥֻǲ֪ߺѾ֪ǵˣ׼ʦţҪεеļϸμҵļˣ


159 س̹
ǳ
֣֣λãǸδǳ׵λϡ
ǳҲǸߺ״ο֮󣬸ߺҲССļսˣǣû
Σȴڼλصǳ
ֽʮ䣬źأһϯɫۣһ˫ɫѥӣͷδ𣬶ɢ
˫ɫ䣬ͬһ׵̶ˮ䡣
Ȼʮ˧ȴʮ˸оȻҪ׽
ͨͨ͸һƽһһ˿ûС
ǣƮظϽӴĸߺҲûΪ̫ǿˡ
ظǰΪˣֻҪסԼΪƾߺΪҲֵᷢġ
ֻΪ񣬻һδ֪
ϾߺѾˣƾ˵ĸ֪ʹǺеǿߣҲǺϵߣҲڸߺǰصô
ȴڸߺǰûκߵĲңֳǿߣιһССǣһֻǰǹسأ
ǣһΪˣȻҪĳֱǲ˼顣
ո֣˵ܹǳΪĸף߸ǰʱºͣΪǡ
û뵽ĶȴһҿԼһ֧Ĺűסҵλ
˵ߺ̫ţȴҲڻʲôˣһж޹ء
ߺֻǻɵĿһ۰㽫ĿƵ˱𴦣֣轻̸
ʱ򣬰֣˻Ľ̸أڸߺƶĿ֮Եһߺ
¶һ˿΢Це˼ȻˮʣҶҲһ㣬Խˮ֮ͺˣϧ
˵̫Сֵǣ֣綼ûǵУֻǿһ۸ߺ촽û
˵ĲˣߺȻվ𣺡һ£֣ϣһЩϢҪȥʦһˣλӦʣ
˻һ֣֣ɫЩΪѣ⣡СͷҲӦ㣡ΪǸ߼ҳսܹ鲻̫ðɣ
ߺһǾýΪãϾ̫ˡ
ɣʮҪ飬
ʱ򣬰Բˣˣ˵ƮҲ̫ңԶҶԷҲûиˣҪȥҸ֣ҲҪЩʱգ
ԸóҵĺӰλСһãΣ
ӵкӰϡ棬ϾĸҲǿԪѫ֣ȣ϶Ҳ̫ࡣ
֣˼һ£֣һۣðɣϷһ׼ʱ䣡֮󲻻ΪΥն
л֣ϣлԪ˧л뱦ߺģ
ˣǽӰǣһ˵ȴӵŸߺڳǰš
һǸӶ˾ͽӰǣ˹
̧ߺӰǰָƥλƥҾʱˣ
ߺߵǰһȭģһĽ֮㣡
˵꣬ǰһȭλأ¸ˣ
ںӰϣߺһУӰ֮ͬһڹ⣬ʧǰ

ϣߺֻߵľɿ֮ȥ۵糸һƮȥ
һСԱߣߺźӰվСǰȫǻҳ
ӰΪмƷֱ̫ˣ֮ȼֱԺɾͲӦˣ
Ӱʮֵʣоһ·Ϸ糾̫ͣûκȱ㡣
ңƤʮֵ˳ȥָкܲıۣȻһ˿ûУǹ⻬쳣
죬ߺȻһ·̣죬ͻصɽˡ
Ӱ̫ˣǧҹа˰٣Щǧȫԣﲻ
ǣߺС򣬵һʼߺ͸оЩԾΪСоȻһ˿ûС
Ҫ֪磬һȴĵģȻЩ졣
ߺ˽ȥһӰûУĵģֻиߺӰ
ܵ񷿶ţһƬأûС
ѲǶ˯ˣߺס뵽ֽ뷨ܣҲжңʹ˯Ҳȫ˯
Ȼ벻ͨߺֻòˣⱾһϳǣǻΪĳǡ
ߺһطӰŵߺȴҲס֮С
Ǹߺ޴סǺӰǰıһʧߺҲⲻ
ӰҪ˵ǮĻ̫󣬵ǣҪϡ档
˵֪ĺӰƥڻʳǣ֪ĺӰһƥ
֣ΪԪ˧ӵһƥ½ӢܵƨӰš
֮ΪһһƥӰʣ䲻֪˭
ţ֮ΪʾãǴ۹ƥӰҹߡ
Ȼ󣬾ҲûֹۺӰϢˣݴ˵ӰǳԲԶԲ򣬺Ӱϡٵˡ
ǵʵԣٶȺ޼̫Զˣ
ԣǮʼϲȥÿһζҪķѴĽǮÿһζǮ󣬾û˺Ӱ׬Ǯˡ
ҪǽƥӰˣߺûŪȥ
ٺ֮󣬸ߺ˳ȥ׼ĴһЩԵģĳûʳԳ伢
ҪʳѡľǷݡ
ԸߺƿʼңļҵǷݵӡ
ڣģҵˣϵʽƺͦµģ沢ûг
øߺһ˿ǣҲСģȫ֮Ҳп
һһУСƿţ˫ĴûʲôΣյĴڡ
ǣʧǣУڷŵİʣɨĸɸɾĵذ塣
ڹ̨ĺ棬һž̳ߺǰȥ̨棬˱ʲôģӦоС
еһУûʲôɵ㡣
ǣһ㣬øߺʼþʵ̫ˡ
ҿ˵Ƿϳǣȴģﶼûߡ
˵һǣǣʬҲûС
һеɻ󣬸ߺȥȻֹһķ
ڣߺߵ˺ԺںԺ֮Уͨķ
ߺĿһ䣬ס漴·һŽǸ߿
ۡ
һ죬ķѣȻǰ龰ȴøߺ
ڷŴϣľ߸ɱĸʬԸûһ˿Ѫ⣬Ƥ֮¾ǹͷ


160 ֹ
ͷ״ĳڸߺǰͬ˺ܶһʬ塣
ߺܳӣһ߷һ䷿ţľոǼӵͬ
ֻĲ죬״̬̬һģһûбȫͬ
󣬸ߺֽ߿˼ӣһµʵ
⼸е࣬ߺֻȫëȫըˣһɿ־ͷӿ
ַȥÿÿ࣬ÿһͥԺжиʬĴڡ
˵ʬ壬һЩȵȣһ߾߸ʬ
ߺǸǿǰûԵʱߺû쳣
еķݣôɾԽͣ˵£ʬͣʱ̫ˣɱ˵Խ͡
ǣ֮У󲿷ֵӶǸɾ࣬ɲԴ˽ˣ
ֻ˵һ⣬鷢ʱ䲻ã췢ġ
ɻ󣬸ߺһʳص֮УιһЩݡ
Ӱ죬мгκζҲǼꤣ¾ͽЩϽˡ
ߺָͰˮúӰԱ֮󣬸ߺſʼһЩ
ϾǽıߺҲõ
Ա֮󣬸ߺҲ׼ʼԤһľ棬֪ǷΣյĴڡ
ʲڸߺҲ࣬ӦΣ¼ķ
󣬸ߺͿʼΪȶΪ
ڸߺǻصľ磬ʵǿ׽һصĸɱصΪȴʵʵͻƵġ
ԣڸߺΪЩ鸡ȣڵǲȫʩչ
ߺ״ΪԺΪضʮΣա
ܵһĳ̶ȣС˵Ϊһĳ̶ȣͻͣͲǰ˵Ϊпܱ
ңʱʵҲ֮½ûԽսˣпȻӡ
ڸߺڵܹõģֻ˳ɡ
ߺʼʱǰʱ֣ʱҹʱ򣬸ߺѾڰ˳ɰ
ڲ߲ĺӰ˵Ѿ۵òˣſ˯
ߺһΪʱһͻȻ𣬴ڸߺϣߺĴһ
ĿԲһѽԱߵĳУĿܴûпɵ˻߾
ǣǣֻԺеĳ𣬲δпɵĶ
⵽ô£ߺͷ˼ȴպ鵽һˮͰС
ǸˮͰʣûˮˮеӰſøߺ㤵ǣɫͬεӰԲ֮ǰƮ
ӰӺֻ˵ϰ״°һ״
̧һɫĽӣƮڵǸƮȥٶȿʵ죬ֻ룬ƮԶˡ
ߺɵ㶵վǣסˣĹ
˹ͣߺҲ벻Ľˣ׵ǣôһСطΪʲôйĴڡ
Ӧʵǿߣ겻γɵ
ǣҪ뽫۳ɹ̬ҲǸ߽߲УСطߵĴ
ߺڴм˼ڻûڸߺлʱ򣬺Ȼͣ˰գƯڿУһ
ߺע˲䱻ǵסˣ鲻ԽĹעǣǽҪʲô
ֻ̧ŰɫΣͣǸطϿգһǸɫĹκȻ׹š
ɫĹ⻪䣬ȻǰɫģȴۣͬĹâһ㣬ڿųĹԡ
кһһСڿɢĹ⻪Ҫеİ˼䡣
һз·ã˵쳣İƽߺ̲סҪ¹סⰲķΧг˯
ʱȻв䣬ǹͷųɫĹâҫԶȻһɫĹ
ЩɫĹߣڰлʳһɫĹЩڰζһ㡣
ŤţͣڰеζȥڰеĹ֮С
еĹԴӿʼЩɫĹâ󣬺Ȼâʢɢ۵İ׹⣬ٲôˡ
ôԶߺԼ˫΢΢Ĵʹ
ڰǵɫâȫǸˣŵĹڲͷŴ۵Ĺâˡ
ڸߺΪһжʱ򣬿еĹٴͷų˹âǲͬһΡ
εĹâȴѪɫģɺ쳣ͬѪһ㡣
·ҲӦƮѪɫڿھ۳һѪһϪɱǸȥ
ͬǸͷųѪɫĴ۹â
ʱѾ뿪ʼȥСʱеĹڽһжˣеĹ
νâ̧֮ӵĹڽʼжƮڵǸȥ
ǸٶȣǸ򣬵ֻķٶȴȸߺٶȻҪʮ
ߺ˲࣬ѣո̧εķ߼۶ȥ
Լʱ򣬸ߺڸϵĵطߺȻСʱ
ߺеķչֻΪԷڰжѣʵ߾뻹ǺԶġ
ڣߺǸطεĵطֻһССĳС
ȻߺղŴĳһ㣬Ĵ˵ɻǺС
оǳУȸСȫӦеģﶼУұСҲ֡һЩ
ڳ֮ϾͰڷ߸ʬոǸиʬһ޶
߸ʬϴ·ʿķΣӦسǵʿ
ߺǰȥеĽֵȻ壬ʱʱĻԷһ߸ʬǳҹˡ
ߺÿ֣һƻͨĵطֽǸ󡱡
Ȼ֪ĳǸǰڷŵЩʬ֪һֵĳ
ҲֳֻֻϻϢ
ߺûнȥ֪ȥҲ޼ҲǸʬһѡ
еһУߺе𾪡
ԿһоͷСʱʱȻԽһе˱ӡ
ǹ֮ʲôҪǿʲôزſԶ̶̵ʱͽе˶ɱ
ʱֻһ˲ܾͽɱˣǹһУֻȡǵѡ
Ȳ˵֮еǸҲкΪ
ǣʵȻֻܳ䵱̧ӵĽɫô֮еǸʵǿʲôز
ߺ󣬿ӱޣѸٵȥ
Ϊ˱ٴǸΣߺԸıһ·
Ҫ֪ȥķƮڵķڡ
ֻ·̣ߺ˽ʮ죬Ʈɽ֮ǰ


161 
Ʈɽǰһİֻ۵ţ޹⣬Ŀɽ֮ǰ
ʱʱлŵĵӣɽţδͣ
ÿЩŻŵĵӾʱɽŵ۵ӵĽĿ⡣
ΣߺεҡҡͷֻĽкãԼŬǲڱġ
Ҫָ˯һϣߴһȻͻȻΪǣ뷨ڳ˵Ρ
ҪʵΪϷḻ֪ʶȻĻ򣬷ǳѡ
۵ӣʹվû£ҲԼĹ
̬ȣٹʮ꣬ҲŵӣԲ磬пܱų׷Ϊۡ
ÿ֮вĴڣ۵̫󣬶ΪûǱģŻֱӽ֮ۡ
ÿ¸ǹ̶Ǳ˶ҲһиҲԣ£ϾһЩ˵ȥҲй⡣
ߺ̧˽ȥŵȴûΪѸߺǱϹϾĽߺӭ˽ȥ
ߺھ֣һս֮Ʈ֮룬˭ߺѾпȻصʵ
ңŴɱϲŭ޳˵ɱɱ
ʵԣ˵˿ûлɣشߺͬŵӵһ˴ġ
ɽ֮Уܶŵڱ䣬ʾһƬٵĳ
Σߺûнɽ£Ǵɽϣ׼Լסá
ߺĵطеĵӶͣеĶĻȵĵӶͣˣȫעŸߺ֮˽
Ǿŵһǿߡߺʦ֣ʱͻƵ澳磬صľ磡
ǸŵȻǸոģʲôλǴ˵еıߺû뵽ŵĻ澳磬ΪǻΪأ
ʱٶȼֱһЩŶ޷֮ȣеţ
ٶȶţҲû֮˵ˣ

֮߹ߺƽ˴䣬ߺٻΪ˵
ɫƽȺ߹ɫ֮䲻¶쳣ͰƽٶȣԼסȥ
ڲԶһ̨Ӱվ温Ӹߺ
һߺʶǸߺ֮ǰйһ֮Ե־Ʈĵӡ
һͷҲСȻߺʶĶӡ롣
ȻǾţҲ
һǾжĴڣȰţ˵ʵ˾ͽҲ࣬ϧǣ޷֮תɰǡ
ǣڽԼתɼǷЩͷԵ˿϶ΪߴʵԵĲࡣ
ȻҲͬʹǻҲҪͬϹϾڵһҲҪ
ǲͬˣһ˼壬ǻҾļԶҲǳӶѡ
ڻɽׯģǾƮҲģ˴ǰΪͬɽׯһƮ顣
ͬĻǬڵһϣڵһϣʲôĵӲ֪ȻܹĴһԵĿ϶ʲôС¡
ӴĴϵƮķ졣־ͬԼʦ
Դ˳ڻɽׯ֮һֱ۸ڶκУϾɽׯһ
ҲԽԽ񣬻ɽׯҲ˵ЩʲôϾǳԼѹԺûͶԼˡ
ʹƮ£û뵽ԼĶҲһˡ
־̱־סˣ֮޷԰Ρ
ΪӣﾭǿڵŮӣʲôŮûг
˵ĺŮǷ̴ٸЩŮӣǱϵģŹνƷŮǧ
ǣʹϹôŮˣҲû־Ůӣͤͤļ
ģһҪŮŪ֣գֻҪܽŮΪԼĽ
Ͷ־չ˷׷ơ
ͬһƨƵģ־棬Խ־ǰ˵ģԽǴ
޲һ¾ͽ֮˵ڵأȻѹ£ݺݵһ
ǣôƮڣʹԼлɽׯҲ̫
ֻø־󣬾ԡӡɫһӣ־Ӧ
Ȼ־ҲûҪʲôҪҪĻҲǰͲϿԼ߰ɣ
ɢʱǡøߺ·ϣĿ侲š

־ֱֱĿŸߺˣ
Ǹ̾ǰߺʲôΪֻ磬Լһֻ־ͿԽ֮
ǰ󣬸ߺȴΪ߾һͳԽǣɱ֣塣
̾һ˼־仰ͷ·ӡ
ʦã˭ʵ֮г˼ʡ
˵־ָֻ̬ҵȫûô죡
ʧŸߺƮڵŵӣߺ
Ŷǽţô˽һıɫгм˵
˵ʵѾﻯˣǿԽսĶ̫ˣҿҲֻԶﴫѵѵ
־ӵĿһۣȰ㲻ҪûȤƮŵУߺżĴڣʱһһڿˮͰˣ
˵ûԴӸߺոƮڣû죬Ȼǰֺ󣬸ߺŵģʮֵĳ
ڸߺĶ֣룬֣ˣǲδš
ԴӸߺڣȡĳƺ֮һʱ룬֮󣬽˹룬л֣塣
󣬸ߺΪŵӵʱ򣬿ѵģޣ
ǣ˭û뵽ߺȻͨˣϢһŵȫ쳣ԸߺĳݼֱһԵĳ̶ȡ
˵ΪҲܲʮˣѾлصΪҲǸˡ
־Ҳǻأδ۷塣
ҪڻƮڣҲôʿˣԱ¶ˡ
·һɾ޴ĳӽ±ŷǿʯ˲ƬԱߵ־ˡ
־ɫĮĿһ룬㣬ӯӯƮһߡ
εЦЦԭη־ʧأ֮Уٴγȥ
Ӣ۾һϴԶֶΪأ
û뵽־ķӦȻԿ쵽زԼûеóԸǰʧȡ
ӣ־ĺøдʧ
ҲһԸ뷨ʵ־ûʲôøС
䡭
ߺţһ弱ٵԼǰһ
ǰսϧͽ̣


162 භһ
ɢȥչֳӰ
һӣеƫݣһϯɫ·ټɢǿƣ뵽Լһˡ
ͷһĿʱסˡ
ǺˣȴˣǶĸߺ
˵Ŀⶼעڸߺϣ򱻳׵ˡһЩŮӶڼС
һŮĿһ볶Ǳȹ˵Ҳ㳤ģſ㣬ǵĸߺʦôȣ
һ˵Ůӣ̲סŻ
ŮĳҲ̫иˣԴƵģȫװ
СҲ̶֥СһЦ۶ˣͿš
ߺǹҲ磬Ȼɫȥ
ľִߺȻԼɫ˲Сӣ
ߺڽĿŵϣ˵һ飬
ߺ˵仰֮ɫ֮ҸһᣬҵǸȻҽ
ߺ·û˵仰ԶԶģһȥһƷ֮ѸƮȥ
޳ܵСˣһŭеۿʼתɫеʯĻҺɫ
ͬʯһ쳣ļӲ
벻˷ͬʯһۣߺһȥ
ﬡ
ߺоԼͬʮ̵ּʯһ㣬ʹ̣ңڶԷͬʯֱϣһ޴ߺƳʮ֮⡣
һȭɹĽߺ֮øߺԼ֣Ÿߺһ˵
ߺ⣬ֵĿ˿ԷֱۣԷǻأոʱ͸Ӧˡ
ǣ˵ߺԼǶصͨһ޷Լ˺ʹж첻ɡ
ңԷƳƾִ֮Լϵģ͵õ
ȻߺһֻͨͨһƣδʲôǴҲԱһĻߵĹ
ߺ⣬˲⣬ЩŵȻ˵Լẕ̇ŭˡ
ʲôƾʲô˵ߺʦ֣
ǣУʦýģûʹȫҪôȫƾ㣬ʮҲģ
ޣߺʦֺͷ䣡׳գ

ߺĿ˿ܣԼ֪ԼʲôʱôˣȻ˵һά
ԽԽ˵ǣɫҲԽԽѿֱѾڵͬ׻Ƶˡ
ɶҪɱǣһҪɱǣ䣬ģϯɽȡ
ߺҡҡͷһﻹ̫ˣȻڱ˵ɽ˵Ҫɱĵӣⲻҳ
Ȼûһոպ仰˱ˣ仰ĳӶ߸
ȻѾ߳ŭˣ仰֮󣬾Ͳ˺ܵƮŵӳȥ
еᣬֱ۵γһҺɫͬ͹ʯƵġ
䣡
ʯֶɣܼŵȺٴȥ
ϾԼƮڵӣҲÿ۸ԼŵĵӰɣߺ漴ȫ
һɿԽɽȶסĺ󣬸ߺָʯƵѸٵ¡
֮ŷʯȥ
أ
죬ʯָȫڰС
󣬸ߺ𸡹Ӱ˲伴ţȻǰ˵Ը˵ĻĶң
˵仰ǸߺʵڲԸ֮ս
Ͼ̫ˣսԸߺ壬ΪһֻͻĶҲǡ
ϧ벻ǣһֻҲǳﹷӶ֡
Ϊһﲻ£ߺֻίԼ档
Ҳ棬ǸΣյϷߺһʧ֣ͻὫԷ桱
ⲢΣڸߺʵֻԸԷЩˡ
һͲÿˣǸߺڵʵѾ˴첻߲ݵḶ́ߺѾԿеˡ
Ըֽɫĳԡ
⻹ڲñͺɽν
ЩֻҪóһУ㹻СӺһˣֱӵˡ
СӸҹǣǲƮڷУߺʦּͣɱģ
ЩŮҲһĶŮӣߣ첲ӣһŲڸ߳¶
룡ôûǸѵģߺʦּͣѾģ
ֻҪٵ̣ǾʮС̫á
ߺգչȥԺƮڲñåˣ
Ϊ˷ֹٱ·Ļŭٴη湥ߺٴγˡ
ϾЩ˿νǸߺ˷˿ˣԼ֧ߣߺˣ
ߺȳУָͶһ㣬һҪִĺָȥ
ãǽҾȰɱˣڽȫɱ˵꣬ȫֳҺɫͬʯһɫ
أ
ߺĺָɹĴϣһ㺮
ȭĵطȥЩ·һķ飬¶ɫƤ
밺ͦأȻĶԸߺô֪үҵ˰ɣڰɱʦʦǣҿ㲻
˵ķϻ̫ˣߺе㲻ͷˣһһʼǷϻϡ
ߺôĹˣóɵһ롣
һڿγɣƶȥȫҺɫǸ޴ĺײȥ
䣡
һ죬ǿĳȥߺĺƱװķѵģɱмɢһء
뱾Ҳܣߺĺʮֺ䣬Ӳȷǳֻһ£;Լ·ѿˡ
ңĻױȵĺ䣬ĺʹоԼԱķⷽʽƤϵ챻סˡ
ѾһƬƤѾԭķɫҿʼɫʼת䡣
ڸߺĺѾһֺסˣЧҲʧˡ
ʧǿƤ̱޿ɱĺˡ
ɶ񣡼Ȼ㲻ϧᣬȥɣ벻׼øߺȹˣû뵽ߺȻġС
ҪڸߺԼ֮ǰȽɱ
ţȳˣ߳
˫ֳȭһͬڵϣȫ˳ȭ뵽ɽϡ
ɽͻȻһĻҺɫŤͬһһ㣬ߺĽŲȥ
ߺŶԷˣϷûг֣ȫͷųȵЩҺɫѸٱסڵ϶סˣͬһŤľӡ
飡
ߺ³һ֣ĻҺɫ˲űˣ뷴ȥ
ۣ
뱻ɷ֮һѪ
ΪֵǣѾסˣվǶá
ߺһһУߺһ뻺ȥ
ӿʼӵʱ䣬˵ûǣͽˣԱ߹ۿ˶ûзӦ


163 Ƹ
ߺԽԽֱָ롣
ֻɫߺɱɱһԸߺûκӰ졣ʵߺⲻɱκΣȻû˳һ¡
ЩŵЩ˱ȸߺϣյء
ߺʦ֣ɱǸ׳գƮ
ɱ

ģе۳һ֣Ǿɱ
󣬸ߺĽͣǰüģͣﲻˡ
ȡһ£㲻ɱңҿڵǻɽׯҪɱңһҲᱻж˿ģϿҷŵ
ʼ˵Щ˵еͣԽԽԼ˵ĶԣҲԽԽֱ׳
˵󣬾ֱԣûаء
⻰֮ԭɱĸߺ˲ɱ
㾹Ȼвңǲ֪Ҹ㣬գ㣬أޣɣ˭ҲȲ㣡
ߺһһٵ˵һ仰˵ʱѾ׼̽üˡ

ˣʱ򣬺ȻԶһöһ㡣
˲ǱˣǸոպһ־ŷɱ
Ȼ룬ɱϾһڵŵıһɽׯ
ƮڣƮڿ϶ҪһΣɱ˵ĸߺǿܻܵþ
пܻ˶ԣ־Ҫֹߺɱ롣

ɣҲ־һԸѣܷıߺľǷ񶨵ģ
ߺһ˿΢ЦĶǰ˵ˣ
㲻ɱңҡ뾪ֵУߺĳȻ̽üġ
һ룬ԼԴ֪֮¡
ߣǲ׽κвģʱʹǴԼҲҪסԼϡ
ᣡ
γʬȥˤɽ·֮ϣֻ۾ɴŲĥľ֡
üĴһѪǸߺĳµġ
־ʱҲڸϵߺԣֱͦͦµ룬ˡ
ߺˣɱǡ
û־˵껰ʹһŭ𣺡˭£˭ҪɱƮڵӣ
ģһδ󺺣滹ʮߣΪڻҡ
Ƕźɫڴɫƣɫǵĺһ޴ġ֣
쿴ƮڵġӰ
Ȼˣǵ鴦ˣ룡
ߺ֮󣬿ʹʮˣԳƮڵִӡ
רƮִΥӵĲӣǵɱȡᣬŵȵ飬
֮Уٷ֮ʮ翷ĵģİٷ֮ʮķˣÿٷ֮ʮ
Ǽĵط˶׷ÿһ·
Ǹͷһ·һߴѯʣ˭˭ҪɱƮڵĵӣĻͷˣ
ļ˵ĻҲ࣬һҪúýѵ֪ӽ
ܾû˸Ʈڽˣ˭ֻӿҲƤ
һָŸߺʬ
ԭ㣡ǸǰǸ˿һߺǰͬȰСһץסߺļ
˵ΪʲôҪɱƮڵӣǰɣ˵ţֳȭߺȥ
ߺɫһ˿ץסֻ֣Ҿ㣬ҷ֣УøҷŸɾ㣡
Сӣ㻹ҸҿҽǵðƤɣ
ҲͲҪˣߺ˵ţ˶еĳӾҪ֡
ʦ֣ŪˣƮڵĸߺʦ֣ɱղǸҪɱƮڵӵǸˣ
ڸߺʦֵأ

Ǹͷߺ濴˿ε˵Ǹλʦܣʵû壡
ߺͷߣû尡ѹûòã
Ǹһ˸ߺߣޣĺãҿλʦ֣ܳҪȻôеأ
־ԱСѵʦ֣ڵ룬Ӵ
ô˵ôôأԭӹ֮밡
ǸףЦȻɫ䣺ôˣ
־εָָߺոǲ˵һĽ
ǸĿһ۸ߺ㵨ӵǲС㣬㻹Ҫȥ翷壬Ƹ󣡡
Ȼ˵ǱȽ㻹ҪΪܵͷֹϵɵĴ飬ǽɣ
һĶԸߺ
ߺ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ飬Ȼ֪˵ɱһŵһҲûУأ

ߺһ翷壬־Ҳţһߺ̲סʵƸʲôط
˸ղŵĽ̸ߺ֪ǳ翷ģǵĶӳǸովסߺǸδ󺺡
䣬翷洫ӣ˵֮еĵӣ󲿷洫ᾭһ飬У翷
˵Щ֮ŵҪ򵥶ˣֱվ߷壬ϹΡ
ҲŵӶҪŵӵ۸ԭ֮һϾִˣҲֻӡ
ԸߺоƸ翷ɽŴĽӴˣ֮չشģ
ͬʱûп˵ʱԷشĵӽвþĵط
ߺȻһһţʵĶһЩ޹ʹ顣
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ߺһƸ֮ǰ
˵Ƹվ翷ɽ£˵ǽ翷֮ǰأ
ͬƵĽ翷֮ǰţ翷ͬһһ㣬ֱ񷡣
嶥߲Ʋ㣬ͬͱ˲֮ڡ
ΰ׳۵ɽ壬ͬһɽľͱһ㡣
ߺδ̫ʱ䣬ͱƸ֮С
Ƹ֮󣬸ߺ֪ʲôĽ̻Իͣʲôĺΰ׳ۡ
ǸߺнУһ
Ƹ֮еǽǶӶǽɫģǽӵȸŽɫơ
ҸߺҲֻƫѣƫǧƽףʮɫ֧š
佲Ƹ֮УʮƫһǸƫ
ߺҪľǵȴټϾߺֻһͨŵӣûʸ
洫ӣҲ˵ܼģ
Ҫͨõ󣬲ŻõƵټ
ȻǻԸߺĴвþ
ûøߺ̫ʱ䣬ֻ˼ӣһҵĽŲ
˭˭ɱҶҪţ
ϾƮڵĵ̣̫ʧˣ


164 ɱһ
˵ݣߺ֪˵ӹ⣬һӦþǻɽׯĴˡ
ΪڿڱͬŸͲԸ֮£ų˻ɽׯ˭ݹǡ
ȻˣߺͲµƫˣ䱸ſڡ
ɱ˼ҵСģͱ˼ϵ
ߺɲţƮΪһССĵӶѡһŷʹôǲҪ˻һɽׯء
˵ߺҲԼȫиˣǸߺϰߡ
ߺȻûûпԷһӴʹԶ˹ߺվλúɱ
ӣҶ
ӹ⣬ңССھȻƮƸڶƮڵӣ̫ˣ
ߺ˲˭ΪǵѾ䵽ǰˣߺȫֵˡ
Ϊǵ̫ǿˣߺòȫֿ
ܣ
ߺһȫʩչУڸߺܵ¶˲½˺ܶȣü
ڸߺҲʼ۳һܣߺ嶼ں档
䡭
һҺɫֱӽźƬȻڸߺı֮ϣδ֮סǵҺɫ˲ͽ˱
ǹٶڱ򲻶ϵǵܵʱ򣬾ȻѾһڡ
ñ򽵵ͶԷٶȵʱ򣬸ߺȫʩչӰζ㿪ûж㡣
վԭزֱֳֵܵסǹɻҺɫ
ߺֻһǿĳԼı֮ϣȻûнƿǹȴøߺ˺˳˱
ߺ˽ʮ֮󣬲ſͣ£ȴһ˿ѷ춼ûС
ǸߺĿ֮һӹĹ
ĲԣӹʮֵĴǿ͵ģƻٶȴǺܺá
ߺƣڵĹܶΪĹеߣֹ˵ķɱӡ
ߺµòڽ꣬ʦӹүүʱ߱
һɹţʩչʱתɫҲɱӡ
ʹǿ½͵ȵĹ
ڣʱӹүүҲֻǸոͻƺΪ
Ȼ󣬶ʮ֮ӹүүӹĸ׽תۼʮȥˡ
ӹĸִΪڻصӹ⣬ʮȥˣӹҲֻǻ۷ѡ
ңߺϷԷûرǿƻһ͵ģ͸ûʲôĵطˡ
ΨһҲǸɽׯߡ
ȻߺûɽׯҪڳͷ
ӹСȻҶƮڵӣ߳Ʈڣ
θߺˣ˵˲ǱˣƮ죬ǸƢ𱬵ͷ
֮ͨ󣬵һӦǣôǸߺÿһλŶֳ£һνڵɱҸѹµģ
ڶӦǣһҪסߺӹɱ
϶ǲ̫ԼˣôƮڵĵɱˣһ¶û𣿶ɱûһڵ
ʱһϵ˵ˣӦǻɽׯĳϡ
ʯƥѲΪϷƮڵӼʹˣֵʹˣҲƮ
ˣҪˣһϵ˴ϣӹ⣡ʦ˵ûٸҶƮڵӳ֣һ㣡
˵仰ʱȫɢɱɱ֮ǿվڵڵĸߺһ¡
ӹʵȻȸߺһ㣬֮ͨڶ˵ˣͨŲʧˡ
ȿȣ˺ˣɱӽƲãʯֹһæԲ
ţ߰ɣ˵
仰е˲жּߺڵƫ
ߺһһѽʳУսʣȴδ봢ָУԷ⡣
һƫſڴֳʮӰ
У龳߾ˣ澳Ҳа˾ˡ
ΣŵռҲӹԼŵˡ
ʮһŸߺ޵ƣҲͨĻ۷ߺһˡ
ɣĸߺѷյ°ɣʮˣ治ɫӸߺμλϣ
󣬱ͦ壬ĿתĴ
ʨڣ׵ߣһֿٺɫͷɢԺ
Ǳ˴һΪһﲻһ󽫾һı͡
Ǹߺȴǻ۵ĹâǴϻ۱Ǵֿصʮֵĺã
ߺţһıˣǾ޷Ʈıģһǻۣ
ȻڸߺƵͬʱͬʱҲڴߺ
ߺȻ޹˼ɵĴԼƲﰵߺܸߵۡ
ܹڵһμƽĶԴҴû˿ֻڲϵĴԼ
䣬ֶò˵ߺѾ߱˳ΪǿǱ
Լ򶨣ߺ⼸ʮĵˡ
һǲϹϵһ׼졣
ڶʮǰƮڵĺĵӣǲ򼸴֮һңӡҹ
Ǹߺ

ߺɱҶ룬Ϊӹ⵹ѧˣûֱӸߺ
ϾղƷ̫ˣƴֵģӹ⻹Ĳܲ˵Ľɱ
ʱǸʯֵĻɽׯҲվ˵֣㿴ǽӵƮڵµģ
ô˵Ҳǿˣĵɱ˿ˣδЩˣӲضǴﲻ
󣬸˵ЩʲôͱֹסˣȻָ䣺ո˵һŮΪߺ֤ô˵
ǣת߳ƫһʹ־ǰ
μƽʦμʦ𣬲μλʦ壬ʦã
Ƶ˵ͷţɣ˵˵֪ȷ̣
ǣ־ôôȥ˳мȥģҲȫȥˣȰߺҲȥˣ
˼˵Ҳ磬Ҫߺ򣬸ߺսȴɱƮеĵҪЮߺ
ߺţ־ܾˣû뵽ǣĳˣɱʮƮڵӡ
ߺΪʦֵܣԲŵֵ룬û뵽ɱԷ
ӣ㺬ѪˣŪǷǣ־ÿ˵һ仰ӹɫһ֣̲ס
סڣٸŲ㣡Լͽܱ쵱Ȼˣɱ˫ӹ⿴
־û˿ĵӣ˵ǲţֱȥɽµŵʣǲ˵Ǹߺȵģ
ûǵĺ֣תŸߺʲôҪģ
ߺĿ䵭ûһ˿ûʲôñģɱһѣҪʲôͲɣ


165 ɱһƽ̣жѣ
Сӣ˵ʲôɱһֻأҶҿ϶͵ϮⱰ޳ܵСˣҪ
ӹȻ뵽ﲻԾ㿴ô죡
Ȼ뵽Լ˵ɱ˸ߺ֮Ļ͵ȷǴƮƽ̵
˼ƽأѾʸߺˣԼԽңĻᱻŭɱ
۹⿴һӹ⣬ĴһƲתʸߺΪʲôô˵˵ģ
ߺĿӹһֻۣĿǳ󱲶ѣֲ˼ҳ˵˰
ȿȿȡ
ڳ˶ߺ˵仰̿ŵ˵棬ֱֲӴЦҵĿԴڸΣ
ڳˣֻЦԶԶԶԣߺ˵̫ˣֲǸӻᱻɱأ
죡ӹҧгݵĵ
ôӾЦˣҺΣɫƳһӹ⡣
Ŀ£ӹһһ尾ոձŭͷˡ
ô˵ҲǺߣԼ͵
컻Ŀ꣺С㾹ڣҲƤң
ûΪߺ˵ߺתߵӹǰӹӡ
˶ĶͿˣʵףߺҪʲôԶ˫ۣȫ֧ߺҪʲôҪô˵
ֻߺ΢΢³֣ƾҲ䣡
̫ˣ
Ժж⼸֣ǿߺʵ̫ˣȻ˵һ֮ɱˡ
ӹɫǺ죬ŸߺһĻ˵ˣ̫ˣ
ڳ˶һڵĴԼ˶
ߺĸ֣дǰ涪
ղߺأӹڣڵɽׯ涼ˣ
ɽׯΪڵıߺôһ˵ɽׯҲ޹⡣
Ͼ򹷻Ҫأߺӣǲɽׯӣ
ЩˣٰάĵȴԴ󣡡ԱߵʯڹҲסˡ
ңӹǸӣɱǾں䣬취ӹ¼ʹɱ˸ߺҲܻ߳Ʈڣ
ΪڵˣȻҪ뾡취ȫˣ
ǣѯʲδõƵĻش
ڵʧɣԭΪԼƮڻٳһңӰľš
ǣߺȴԼΪΪԼġӹƣ
²ԵˣǾԲǾţܹʮΪߣҲǸš
֮ҲǷΪȼģܹһͣΪһţǾţһľǳΪӼ
ǱţȻΪϵȥʵȴڹӼţš
ٶȳģȴȶŲģˣ
ڼִ˵ȱţҲһЩľţȴǺٳ֡
ƮھֻһľţƮڵĴĵ֮ףʣҲ׼š
׼ǱȶŻҪţǱȾȼŻЩ硣
ߺΪЩʧϾĸϣԼжһš
ϾŵĶ٣Ԥʾδǿ
ļλӣһҲѰһؿԶԸģÿһţҲԤʾжһλߡ
δôޣҲĺô
ƽʯֵĻˣʯֿɱﲻסˣһӹںҪ̲סˣʵϲ顣
ʯƺܶΣƲŴʧ˳
ʯʲô𣿡ڷӦˣɻʵ
鲻ò˵һ飬˵Ȼλôģβһۣ
ȻߺǾˣҲôˣһµĮ࣬ĵν㣡
첻֪ͬߺʱֻ֪֪θ룬ܻἫסߺɡ
Ͼž㲻ǾţҲǶĴڣ
ʦ֣⡭ЩΪѵĿƣû뵽ͬʯֵ
ƵĿһۣˣϣôˡ
ӹһ¸ߺȻЩݻȴߺ΢΢һЦ˵Ļ˵ˡ
ɲˣȷʯѣΪʲҪأ
Աߵվסˣߺ˵ˣ顭
ߺ΢Цллˣˣ㻹ΪǸһ˥ļһﵣİɣ
Сӣ̫ˣӹѾ˰ˣŭǣȻһ仰ûϡ
ӹƤȻ˻ɫЩǳɫͬǸ
вɢһǿǵǴĲ
ߺҡҡͷӵĹǸѧģ
ô֪ڵˣӹ԰˵
ߺһ仰ûıˣĹǸʦѧİɣ
㣡ɣ
ӹ˵ţһȭߺŴȥߺֻһѹȵĸоѹţԼյƤҪѿˡ
ߺĺ֮γһɱ
ȭͷͲ죬ȴǼһȭƿ̵Ŀȭͷ뵽֮ٶȸˡ
ŽȭͷҲڲϵı
ߺڱ֮Уٶּӿ˼˲任λã㿪һȭ
ӹһУ漴ȭͷĴߺǿˣ
ˣߺͷųĺ˺ܶ࣬ٲˡ
ԭߺδʹȫոҲֻʹ˰˳
ڣּһɡ
ߺһڱвϵı任λãܴȭͷһߵ٩ӹ⡣
Ȱ㻹óȻȵҳûлˣ
Сӣҵģ飡
ӹ֮ϣɻɫһٵİסȻ󣬳һͣмȥ
Щڽߺİ档
ӹЦƼ˵ӮˣһˣеľУЩסȻ̣˴ɸӣ
ֿһеĸߺڵɶѾһˣ
ļһε˵û˼ͽˣ
תͷ䣡˽ɨɾǽ̸ǵ飡
˵ţתͷȥ
ƣ̫ʧˣѵ𣿡
ߺЩɫд˳ЩɫıɫȻͬʵһ㣬飬ĸߺ¶˳
ЩͣѾûȤˣ㻹ǹԹԵɣ
ߺָ֣ɽȻͱӹ⡣
ߺ濪ʼ۳һ͸ĺ޽һ廹ǻɫӹ⡣
֮ӹ


166 պô
⡭鷢̫ˣӹһ˲䣬˶ûӦֻɵ㶵ĿŸߺ
˭Ҳû뵽ߺȻɹˣһ֮оͽ˸ߺ
ֻǻ߿ģںߵУɲˡ
еĺ߶˳˼ҲУոǸоָо⣡
룬еĺ߶оˡ
ȣ޸ߺ˾ǻɽׯĳϣǺ޸ߺɱӹ⣬ԼǰԼʩȵĻᶼûС
һ㣬ҲܵģǸߺʵܹ䵽ﻯأ⣬ɱһƽһ㡣
ԾǾţƮڱһţǾڵĲ򼸴֮һңӡ
ڵĻɽׯҲֻһţһûгɳ
ڣҲֻоţһš
ɽׯһ˳ңҲֻƮڿ֮һ
ԭɽׯȵѹסƮһͷǣټϸߺ־ţǿͲһˡ
˵֮󣬵ȸߺȫչΪӼĴڣʱƮǾԿԳɽׯΪһ
ֻ˵ƮڵңӣͿԵֿߣǺһ۷ߣ޷Σ
ǣߺҲɳǳ̶ȣǺ
ʯɱһвһҪɱҡС
ãߺĺãȻ󾪴Ŀˣ
˼ԣô˵ҪߺΪʲô˰ɣҲǾš
ƶ۹⣬еľ񶼷ڸߺϣзŹ⡣
ԭΪߺҲһĶţǸߺһˣǶţľš
һʼЩʧһɨա
ôһѣЩҲӳ˹ͳͳƵϲ
ϲھȻһţǿϲɺذ˵Ǿڵĳϡ
䵹ԵñλҪСԼҲʮӡòҲƯ̴档
ߺ֪ںĸ߼У䡣
ǿһֱķԼ
ǣ߶ѡ˵ʲôĸͲҪʵҪġ
Ů߿ɾͲһˣŮ˵ȨʹǸ߼ߣҲס
ϿˣҲǸոյ֪֮ƹЦ
ߺĿ⣬˾ϲ⣬Ųӯӯߵߺǰ΢Ц˵ҺƽؽһʦֶҲίɣ
Ȼ˼ôߺʧˣĵ˵ͷңʦǺߣСӣСӸ˻أ
Ͱĵ˵ͷû£û£Ȼ㶼ʦˣܲЩ񣡡
˵ţһϳһƤߣҲ֪ʲôƳɵģ污ޱȣ滹ʮֵĹ⻬˵ķɫһģһ
΢Ц˵ҲûʲôöֻһƤߣҲ߽׷ɱıر
ȻʵӦòΪһ͸ɣ
ߺֽ˹װһܳӣ⣬޹»ƽܴ˶ݣЩװɣ
ЦЦʲôֻҪʦֶпȥҾڶʦ죬Ҿˣ
󣬶ЦҾڿвδޣòŮأʱȥʦðһ
ߺ֪Ͷʣߺʾã£ߺ
Ҫ֪ܹ֮ǿ˸ǣɽׯҪɵ֣Ҫԭ֮һ
ڣCʻŮӲҷǳƯ
Щӽ£˲ߣҸǾޣʵС顣
м˸ǣ
οȻɽׯߵеĵӶ˾ڵġү˭ǡ
Ǹߺȴ֮ˣлʦãߺһ
õߺŸоĹء
ڽҲպ˳ơٱ䡱
ɲҪСһߣŸıϵƤϣְֲͬò
Ҵ߼Խ˵ķɫֳᵼߺַɫһ۾Ϳĳ̶ȡ
֮󣬺Ҳɣ˳ڱ˷֡
ǺöгϣһҪ
֮󣬾˻ȥлЩʹ
ǿΪڰ£ص͸ı˳ȥ
оԼ͸ߺľ˺ܶ࣬аҡ
ܹһŴùϵԾڵ洦ǳ󣬶ңڶΪԺˣûпõٱء
ԺҲԼͽͽˣһע
ߺܹڱĴɱ»Լ׬ˣԺ˸ߺϵҲԻøĺô
ˣҲǶʧһԼûõĶ
ȻڶóˣǬٲã뾲ȣδԵԼ̫ƣ̫Сˡ
ԣǬڵĳϡ𶫣Ҳòó㶫δĸߺ
ԼʮңӲߣҲһңŨüۡ
еĲǱʯҪһЩԼ죬һȼĴڡ
ƣߺֻô˷ǳǿЩ׵ĸо
һһɫ۳УͰĶԸߺʦֶʱۣۡ
ϼһ㹻õģȻóˣҹҪ˶Σ͸ҵıͽܣ㶼ͬ⣡Ա߹
ߺɻĿһӣӾͬͨһ㣬ûκ֮
Ȼߺɻæߺ֪ͣ˪ɯм𣿡
ߺ˵ͷ˭֪е۾˵Է߾֮µйߵĹԹǲ֮У϶ķ֮һ
ǣʲôϵأߺʵ
һЦ֪ˣɱ˿ƶɵģڲߵɽ塪֮ϣ
˵ɽѾ죬֮⣡ʮϡ٣׳ϣϲ˿֮󣬾ͻȥ
򼸴ߣҲֻڻԵɺ֮£ô˲ϣ֯Ǽ£󣬱Ҳû֮˵
ȴǺѪȻǲ֪ٴѪµ˿Ҳ˺ܶ౶
˲ֻУ˿ƵӣԷµĹ

һ˵ߺ֪ԭ
ߺҲٿл֮˴ۡ
ʣµֻлɽׯʯˣʯɫ粻óһƷ
ǰߵıȴ˺ܶ࣬ʯȸߺǰӵеࡣ
ߺûплһ£İõˡ


167 ӵľ
ʯֵ˶ûе
֮е߶֪ƮɽׯȻǿͬҲ
ƮΪİȻľ˳ñѹ档
ɽׯҲ϶һʱԳԽԼţԻɽׯʱ޿̶Ʈڵʵ뽫֮
ΣʯҲû취붪ɽׯˣŲòߺһЩġ
ʹóߺѾǳ˳Ծˡ
ߺеĶԼĴָУȴûйľϲ
ղŸȻԸߺôҲֻаٱܹõĳһЩģߺὥò
ֻۣԵסߵĹһĳ̶ȣпܻѡ
ڵĸߺЩôϾڸߺķȻѾǿˣӵжԷ澳µй
ңϱ֮ʹǻߵĹɲƿ
ǣϾڵܻδڶף޷ȫԣߺڵķһ㡣
Ƚڶ֮۾ͶԸߺû˿ˡ
ʯǺ߲õĶߺţڳĺߣÿһ˶в١
ҲֻЩ޺ʵߵõʯһЩ
ڰٱ䣬þ̫ˣߺ磬ܽӴǿˣԼøǿ
߽ٱֶǾԲȱٵġ

еĶʰ֮˵Ŀ⿪ʼơ
˼ԣڵĳ϶͸ƮڵӶˣΪƮ㣬Ѫ
ƹһЦȻиصڲ˵һɣ
ջĿ⣬ûл˵Ļ
Ͼһ֮вһĻᱻԼڵĵӳЦġ
ңʹ͵ǾţǲŵԵĻڸߺһ仰Ҫոߺŵеǡ
ǰŵĳϣһϣߺԼŵĵӣ
ӹǱˣʯֶ׷ߺˡ
ϾθߺȻǲܵˣ˭һ
콫ߺǱƵˣȾط˶ӣ˵ԸߺãԺл˵ͺˡ
˵һССľţЩȻôա
Ʈô˵ҲǰǶţʵǣСɸ鷳ʮҲƮڵĶ֡
Ʈڲһʱ䣬Ϳ֮ɻ𣬳Ϊȥʽ
湤Ҫģʯվ˳ǣӹǸô
ȻԵṩħڵϢĵӺҲиߺ֮ŵӣ
쿴ߺɣ
ʲôħڣߺֵʵ
һһɫƳУǸߺ֮⣬ɱЩӶߵġơ
ߺһ۾ϳˣ˵ͷƵȷҷ֣ڳϵģ
Ƶ˵ͷûƣ֪ϵ֣Բˡ
ôʹˣξ͹˰ɣߺ
ߺνҡҡͷ˵ʹͣյѾȫԵסϢˣ
ЩӶôⱣʹԼ֣Ҳһᱻֻ֣ʱ⡣
ˣǼȥ̸һħڵɣ˵ţƶԸߺһ£һ̸˻㣡
Ҫ̸ħڵ飬ߺ뵽λڵҪĿġ
лҪ˵ߺæǰһ˵
ţͣ£ɻĿŸߺ
սμĴĹսм䷢һ飡
ʯЩͷˣ̸ߺòн˵飬ҪɣƮڵĵӶ𣿡
ߺûʯ֣ԹԵ˵Ȼ󣬺ȻƹĹ֧֣
Ȼƹζеˣ̾
ʯһЦʹƹҲŵ°ɣҪϢͼëƤС𣿿Ժеæˣ
ߺʵڲͷˣתʯֵϢûûбҪĻҸߺԸ
ߺɺǰ˵ģæֹһ治̫ҪǲԾĹ
ǰߺҪҲĵȰΪ˸ߺѪġ
ǬڵĽһϷģϾ²ؼ߸߹
ʯϲʤãһΪ
Ϊ򶨵ĪƣţžŴϻ۵ĸߺǲΪС鷳Լġ
ߺȻ뵽ʲôɫȻԥǣ˵Ҫأܸó㶫ɣȻ̫Կˣ
Ҫղ˵Ǿ仰ջذɣˣһֱ˵ɣ
˵꣬һ͵ӣ޲ϾͽǼ˵
ãҳô˵ţʯһһźɫƴСĽС
ʯһ˿ʹȻصĺܺãɱߺĶˡ
ʲô
ΣƶЩˣǳ౬û뵽ȻóֺöɽׯƵ𣿡
ʯεҡҡͷʹĵǱǵģʮʯ
ߺ֪ں֮ϵĲΣʯĽͨҡ
ȭͷСʯһ飬СҪ˺ܶ࣬΢һ㡣
ʹȭͷСֵʯ
Ż˵С죬Ϊߺͣ౬һһԹȴôҪʹԼ
ͣߺ֪ԭʵںǿϵߣԼѹһĽ
ȻʹֻҪһ˿ǳ౬ͻڼֺ˲䱬
Ǳըʹͨĺߣִ֮¶ˣνһɱﵡ
ΪֽȽѵģټ౬֮ĶҲȽϺķߵңãвĹУͻᱬը
ôߵĺǿԼôҲûʲôҲ˵Ŀԣ
ԣ˵ҲûзչһĵزҲǸԼ谮ͽͽ֮á
ߺЩ֡ĵֻһҵ˵᲻ỹֵ̫ˣҿˣ
ߺԽô˵ʯֵоԽøߺ϶󣬺ܶʲôҪϢ
ʯһҧɴóţеĻˣ൱ȫҵˣ¹˰ɣ
Ȼˣߺֿ˻ĵɽׯһֱҲԸ˭ðɣȽĿų౬õʱ򷴻ڣ
ʯֺ޺޵ĽĿų౬ƣ뵽ɱ˴ӣһҪʬΣ
һ֮󣬸ߺɫȻһ࣬˵սϷ˺ڻڵˣ
ʲô
˶ͬϢˣʯ֣Ǿˣһ˿ʹ
ϢȷҪô˵Ŀų౬


168 ɩ
ô֪һħڣòǹǰɣʯֻɵĿŸߺмϣϢǸߺġ
ʯֲԸŸߺƵ˶ϣߺ˵Ǽٵġ
Ļˡ
ߺҲ֪տƾ˵Ϣ˵˲ţԼţԣֻýЩصȫһ顣
֧Ŷţһ仰һϸڶ£ʯֶעߺɫû˵ѡ
ϧʧǣߺ˵ģħڵȷƹսгˡ
һҪϢô˵ƹħڿ϶ǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ƽǼų౬ߺʯ֣ʯϣûɣҸоߺϢ㹻Ҫˣʹٶ༸ҾҲΪ
ʯ־Ȼһûзԣĵ˵ͷСӣ˵ģµȷأ⼸ų౬ˣ
תͷλϣô˵б䣬ƻҪĶһˣǻһ£ɳһˣ߼ȣ
ˣ͸ߺһȥȥսһ
ȻǻһȥʮÿһҪһߣһȥƹ̽һ£
˵ĸ߼Ȼĵ۹еɣҲʵǶʵ
öҲôˣ˭ûΪɵĳϣԴЩԹ
֪ҪԣֻԴƣԺ㣡
һЩɫѾʱˣٽѾˡ
ɤӣˣɣɫλߣĳһ֮꣡
λҲӦˣϾҲǰˣɽһҪסջȣ˵Ҫ¶޻Ұ
˵Ҳǽ糾͵ĸ˹ʵЪ԰Ъһµǲѡ
磬ߺҲɣƶԸߺ˵
ǣû뵽Ϊӵĸߺȴܾˣ⣬ߺˣߺδãȥһ£
ãȥģòҽ㽻ͨߣƵ
⣬æǰƽʦ֣ãʦҵĹŵӣɼǵ÷񣿡
ߺŶԭãСѾͷ治Ǹ߼ҿ˲űƹЦ
β֪ǾǸСɰԼ⡰׽أ
ÿһ׽ƶʦͽˣݺݵѹһΡ
ÿһΣԼҪСѾͷſĴ۾һ޹ģԼԼҲûκΰ취
˵ףϲСѾͷɰһ飬ҲһĻʡ
ŶСѾͷãĺܾȣһССļ壬Ȼš
һǾţһţ˹ȵˣ
ǣãһΰ࣬δãʮֹ
Ƶ˵ͷ죬ߺ˵ʵ飿
⼸ͱԼͽ·ˣЩ죬ԼͽһֱҪߺأ
Լĵӣ־ϵܺãĻͷˣ
ǣߺȷͽĸ磬ٰûˣ
׻˵ѪŨˮĵӣʲôţָ־ʵ
־һ߳־
ŶλӣߺȥһƮ壬Լãعͷͬˣ
ߺ־ͷߣ󲻽֣˼ָʲôⲻǳԱ˳ŵ

־ŸߺƮ塣
Ʈ屾Ʈ֮һռȻܴ
ϴһƮڣҩӰ죬һĻྺҲʮֵïܡ
һԴԵģ͸βͲƵãͬľǸʽġβͲݡУ
ÿһһڹҩ
еĵӿߺߵ־ͷʾ⣬ߺһı顣
˵жŵɫеǴżʵĿŸߺߺͳͳӶɺ־˾Ʈ֮ϣ߷ȥ
˵ûô˵־һֱ͵͵ߺ뿴˵ľŵк֮
ߺһ·ϵǵȻ߹ʼվû־һۡ
ⲻ־ЩᣬԼôСԼһ۶ÿ
˳ɽ˺ܳʱ䣬Ʋ㣬ߺãԼͬϡ
ôɽ·֣Ҳ۵İҲߺ־ǻߣʹ־Ҳ۵ġ
ߺĿסߵĵطµģ𣿡
־ЦһǲŲɽʹԵĶǽɽģ
ߺȥͱɽ壬ߺ΢΢Щͷۣⲻ֪Ҫߵʲôʱ򣬻Ǿȥɽɣ
ṦȥɽʲôطԼҾˣߺתͷ־˵
Ͼ͵ˣɽֻʦſȥĵطʦǶסڰɽ
ߺ˵ͷԭָ־ߴһһ¥֮ǰ
⴦¥ú̵ģʮ־ϸңֺȲϸոյ¸󣬵Ǳ֣ҵĶǼֱ߳
¥û֣ңûʲôݣˣֻһЩɰС汼ܡ
ס֮أߺʵ
־º͵һЦţǸʦסĵطʦ谮ĵӣסôãҲӦģ
ߺ˵ͷǰĿ¥ǰŻ
һֻ˭˭ұСˣң
ߺδ˵־ŻشˣСãҰҴһҪ㣬Ŷ
ŶŶŶˣһСŶ˵ţܲܿǰ
֨ѽѽŴˣһСԴ̽˳˳ˡ
ߺһԼãǺˣ
ǰȣӳ˲٣ǷཱུģʮֿɰĲǻ·ˣɫĹװ
ߺ֪ƮڵӵķΡ
ȻҲǰǸСѾͷˣڵĸΪѾˣȵʱĸߺˡ
ǲͬǣΪޱȵ鸡Ӧҩȥġ
ߺ΢ЦĿŸôˣϵˣ
أ磡˰죬ߺĻڸߺĻдޣ֣磡㲻˵ܿôڲ
ڸߺĻִҧߺѾǶˣԼã弫ɳڣֻԼñԼǿӲˡ
һڿˣһ㣬ڸߺϣ˵ʲô
ߺҲŸ߽¥־Ҳں档
Ҫ˵ҲǺܲװεĽ̻ԻͣмŮӷθ
ߺֱ̾͸ˡ
ߺ־֮Ůʼϲ裬ˮȵȡ
ڸߺϣϵ˵Ȥ£˴Լֱ֡
һߺҲЩڿˣպһˮ
ʱ򣬸Ҳڷֿע⵽־ϣɩӣллҸˣ
ۣߺոڵĲˮһ˳˭
ɩӰֱ׳˵


169 ּ
ɩӡѲʦֵˣߺ°ͣһȻӡ
Ȼǣɩӣ׸磡ֱ׳ͷСȴڸߺĻУôôŤ
ǸߺԱ־ɫ̺죬񶼲ҿߺֻɫ糺ֱֱĿŸо߷ߡ
ԭһʱ򣬸һֱ־ɩӣһʼ־ǼԣҲϤˣӦûдǰǰˡ
û뵽ǣȻŸߺԼɩӣһ¿ɰˡ
û뵽Ļںߣֻգ޹Ĵ۾ί˵ƽǶӦ𣿡
̬ίŮʹǶħ
ߺɻĿ˿־ƽ
ǰƽôģǲɩӣתͷ־գգ۾ʵ
Сӣôͷ㣡־Ѿ߳ŭˣצߺеĸȥ
뽫ӸߺĻȻúõһ
вƣɾ⡣
ϸԱ߶ȥȻԱȥ־׷
ʮ׶ûץסͱ׽סˣȻһ٣Ѳġ󷢣
ţͷȥһ˵Ρ
־̫ߺˣûƺټϸͻȻܵˣ
ֻ־һ¾˵ߺĻУҲɣϸߺԼ˵Լȫɳ
ԣûֵܵס־ġһ˵ڵأȻ˵ɲɵĶһ˸ܽӴ
˴δ˽ĽӴ˾סˡ
ߺԴʮ꿪ʼûнӴŮ֮顣
ԣţ˰죬š
ԶĸҲסˣҲ̫ż˰ɣԼǽɩӣǣ˲δװˣ
ԼһʼٸߵľûУԹأ
־ֻԼȫˣˣֻǸоͷһƬհס
˺ܳʱ䣬ŲʮӣߺڷӦˣʮΣϵ־ǵ˰죬־Ȼû
󣬸ߺѣҪ֮ϵ־ȥһͿ
ţߺ˫֣֮ϵ־ȥǣ˫ֺòõ־ĸ֮ϡ
ߺһʱҲûʲôֻǸо˫ָ֮мã̲ס£ǵҲ
һ£־֫ȫſڸߺϣֹǴƵ۰׵ϣ͸糺ɫ
˼ˡߺоһʶʲôæִ˫֮ϳ
ָֻ˸ղǸƣֶһ
ղţߺпոоؿ˫壬Ѿѹıˣȫڸߺϡ
һԣ˫ۣ˵£СӲܿ˵ţֻ¶һ˿϶ж۵ף˼ˡ
ΪһˣԼĸһɩӣԺˡ
øߺ֪
ھźü׳ײŮϵڣֶһ׮
֮ϵ־ã£һƯű߻֮ò
Ͼߺţ±߲ɵ֧Сõ־֮䡣
о⣬־ɫˣݺݵصԱ۵ĸæ
ǣ鱾Ǹϣ飬װһ˺üʩȵŮˡ
־Ǻ޵ֱϧԼѾȫ˿޷ʲô
һߺ־ôһֱţȻˣ
ʵ־ߺҸߺ˱Ͳ޸ˣҲ
־ԼʱԼȻ롣
־һ۸ߺӣ˧ӣһգüĿͦ
־ЩˣδôϸĿԷһԷȷѵһ˧ӡ
ټţǿʵһۺ͸ӵˡ
Խ룬־жԸߺĸоԽԽǿ

׹ƮڵˣҹҾҪɱ֮𣡡
һӲдĻǹǺͬһ㡣
ߺ֮Ī뵽
ǸصĹΣһĻصľ󣬸ߺ뵽֮ͻ顣
뵽⣬ߺ͹˲ϻ֮ϵ־ˣһѽ֮ƿȻվ֮ϣܵ˴λãȥ
м䣬ߺֵȻĴ־ϵһЩⲿλߺȴ˿ûзӦ
Ѿˣ棬ѾɽˣڵİУٴγǴεֻ̧һΡ
֮ϣδͬһ㣬ͷųɫ⻪Ǿա
һִ˳θߺˣǴǸ֮дġ
ߺ˫ַĿſеİɫΣĳеľ󣬸ߺ;ÿ־塣
̫ǿе־壬Լûء
ͷһֻŵĸߺޱȵʹ
־Ҳ΢һˣѾˣվߺԱ߹ȥ
ոգߺڽϵʱоĨƵģʮֵۣߺȻôչˣȴһ˿ʧ䡣

û̫ʧ䣬еǸֿʼˣ죬ƵأǸӹҪɱǣ
ʱ򣬼Ӱ¸֮г𣬻м壬ҲֱɳˣеĹηȥ
ÿһ϶ɢźߵǿ󲨶Ʊˡ
Աߵ־һԼʵ˫壺ˣôڣκ˶޷Ʈˣ
عͷһԭҲ£û뵽ߺ㶼û뵽
ߺǺںҡҡͷ϶˵һԲǺ߿Ӧģ
־ǺţУѾˡ
ߺͬߵ־ͶӰǿֻ־Ϳ״ݻȡ
֤ߺ˵ģߣǸΧסǹֻǹֺһ̧ε뿪ԭأǰ߷ȥ
ʧǸһ֮ͦУһ˿ûжֻûԸĸˣޣЩ˵
־һɫӰӣߺĲͬɫޱȾ޴ֱʮɳ
һھܽǰȥ޴ûţ̽˵ԺС
ߺæߵߣһƽ֮˹ȥ
Ȼ־ǰĶ³֣ԲˣҲΪã
˵գһֵͽ־ȥ
󣬸ߺԼ֧˱ĿſС
ߺûз֣־ڻȥʱǺһ˿΢Ц


170 ǿ
¥ֻиߺѵģ־ߺιȥĵӶʼ˼꺣ҲѾȥˡ
ߺھûģԼҲȥǣǻ꺣ʹȴʼš
Ȼ˼ãߺųһȥȻֱŪʵĻԻ꺣˺Ժķչʮֲ
ߺʵҲȫסߺǿȻȺߣǣȴȻ۷Ҫߡ
ңߺȫǿŻɫеĺ
Ǻ˺ãԷ
ߺķڴڴһ˲˲ĶſеսȻ˺ǹۿ鼶ߵսȱս飬ڱס
οߺԶǿȣȸߺָ֮󣬱ضܸһ¥˵Խӽߵĵز
˺ߺʣֻҪպͿԻָ

еĴսһǰȻֻǿһͷŵɫãÿеİæҡ
ֻǸɫһͺХ漸ײȥǼæ֧˻
⼸˵ʵԶ֣ҪǿֻǴӻ͸һϵġ
֣Ļֻ͸ģϸ޷
⼸ˣϵĻЩԣ͸ɫɫһĲࡣ
кƳǹһ㣬΢Ĺâߺţ⻤ķ̶ȱ֣ĸֹ߳
УƵĻǿߺɸ̾ŵĲȻֻܴǴӺߵʵҾͱҪϼ
ʵļҲУμҾ֮һȻʵӦòǱ½֣ҵȣͲͬնˡ
ײȥһ
䡭
һ£ռ䶼ҵƺ˵𣬸ߺĵ˵ϣȻ͵ٴпȥ
еѾ˸ոǼ˵λãǼǲӰ
Ȼɽҵ˵Ӱɽз˳
ǰߣֻɫǶһ˿ѪǱˡ
ȺˣΪιƮڣȰȥȻҪɥڴˣ
˵ţ˷׷óԼıУȫн
Ʈڳ϶ǵн׳ֻһ˵ıΪ⣬Ȼһ
Ȼǲ̫һֽ֮С
ʯֳһн״󵶣һָ񣬿ʮֱأǵʮַ񣬵ʯУȴͬëһ顣
õȴһޣڳкܶ൹̡
еıУѿƵģһСľͻԼοŸĵ̡
ߺʹԶԿĵź⣬޶ź⡣
ߺ˿ỳɣ޳ϣ̽ƿ
󣬽õ˫·˺κζҲǷǳǿӵȼվǲ˵㡣
Ĵ֮УǬ뾲ʵģǣÿ׵ĸ֣һЩȥ
˵õﵱȻǽЩǱҩȵһжԼõĶ
ԣڷƶģƸƮ

˶ǿưһĸ֣ƣֱսʱ򣬸ߺŸоһϤĸо
ƣڿһվͿƲ񷣬նһеơ
Ȼǽ⣬ʵȻѾͻƵˣߺ૵
ʵߺҲʮĽ⣬˵ͻƵһĵزɱǧ֮⣬֮ǰ
ǿնɱ޵Ķɱħնɱҵ
ƵĻ뼸˵ĻֻûκηӦֻǾƿеɫãˡ
еȴ˵ˣ죬ƵأǶŵϣˣҪɥ֮أҪҪŻٵ
Ŷ
˵꣬ǸеضһֻȻҵĹ
ǿеúݺݵǰ˸ӰײȥХǴ̶֮£еƮڵӶ׷ѪȻ౻ˡ
еǼȻûӰ죬Է׷ʹԼľУս޴ɫá
ֻʽڻõϣռٴξҵұϴε𶯸Ϊ
ߺˣһ˿Ѫϴεľ飬ǿ˫ͬǯһ㣬ץסڡ
һҵĳɢͬһƽĺˮͶһʯӣһȦȦ˷ȥ
ǳɽ嶼кܶʯɽߺڵĸ¥ܱ⡣
Щɽ·ѿˣһ޴ѷ죬Щɽϵĵ䵽棬һֻû
ˣɵ׹⣬ǲδڿʧ
ȥںϵֻڡ
Ҫ
˸ոսԷʽƵͷ׷׳ǰ׼н
֮ǰȷһһ⣬еһȼնȥһ¾ͽֻɵԶֻϵɫȴһЩ
ԹЩãȻûԷȼյþͲˡ
񶡻賤޳һӰԶԶֻƶȥǣ˴۾ǣǵӰȻ͸ֻ
Ȼ޷ֻκι˶ˡ
һݣֻлԹԶԻӰ죬ʯϣ죬һ𹥻ǰɣ
˵ţһֻ֪ʲô˼
еĹֻȥÿһιǸӰᵭһֻ֣ĺս
˵ս˵ǲǼ߼ǱѹŴΪǵĹ޷ԸߺκηӦ
ֻùֻĹ֮ƣǼòֻ޵ģƶķκζ
Щ֮󣬶ữɫӰᱻֻںϻȥ
ңֻսʮַḻֻ׷һ˴򣬾Ƕѹơ
һֻͱȽϱˣԭʯֵĹҲǻһͱȻģϾԷڻɽׯ
ֻĹǶƽסӵнƻʮ־ˣֻһͿԽԷĹг롣
ЩɰӰʱٴλӽһԽжնƵĽⷢߺоƺԽԼն롣
Щ׹Ȼһ룬ʧڿС
ȻԶԻ˺û뵽ġ
⣡ţС治ҵūͣǲЩҷУ
Ǹ˵֮ڵһζˡ
ֻ׹һȦȦӹɢǱ׹Ⲩĺ֣վԭء
ϵȥ⼸ߵȻסˡ


171 Ȩ
⼸ȫ䵽ϣֻ²ҲˣҺֻڽ档
꣬˵־ҪԴȪոռ˵ܵǰɫⲨ𶯣ʱֹͣ
Ҳ¼еҲֹͣתˣԼ˲ʧˣڿվҲվסˡ
µǣڵԺгɿհ״̬ķչ˿֪
ǹⲨԽԽӽߺڵĸ¥ˣߺ֪ǺˣϾ߶޷סԼôֵܵסأ

ȿȣĻ꣬ΪҵСЩðɣԸС깥𣿡ʱһϵͻȻ
ţһ׷Բԣѩ׵ͻȻڵϱŸߺĸ¥ˣ˵仰ͣڿпԡ
˵Ҳ֣ĿҲһȦȦǸеһڿϢʧˡ
Ƶȼ߱ɨ֮󣬷׷ˣʱѾ治ף涼Ƿʯ̡
æڵٴڿն𣬶Ҳ
ѵļ˿ߣû׷ֻǷ׷񣬾ΪҲ⡣
Ʈڵڶʮƽƣݼ̫ϳϣƽƮڵĳ϶ǰյġ
һλӦƮҲƮ٣Ʈ磬Ʈ廨Ӱ
ھ̫Զߺ޷弸˵ò֮ۿԿģղǹضʽߺˡ
Ͼߺ֮Ҫ֮õԶǸⲨġ
һܹպԻָ˺㹻ߺ޸һصˡ
һأԸߺ̫ڳˣߺðա
Ʈ壨Ʈ壬Ʈ壬Ʈ壩ӣμ̫ϳϣ漸˷׷˵
Ա߼λųȻûп򣬵ϹɽׯǬڣڡϣμǰ
ƵأϼһóˣΪ˲ȻѾﵽǿĵزˣ
ǹٴδӣǰƵص߻ʶˡ
̫ϳƵزδǶƵȵ˵ͷ֣һ̧
һǿǼ˵ǵͦ
ǣֻѾ׷ˣֻҰ׵˫֣ϳƵָףʯֵĲץȥ
Ƿצ˺Խռ仮ơǣȴֻƵǰԺ˿һ㡣
ˣĻֻ꣬СٲջأҾҪʰˣƵ˵
ǸеĻЦƵأֻǿոĿܶѣ̧ӵķʵ
һ䣬ǰǺߣǵ걻ץ˹˼ʮѾָ۷ˣʵٺòˣ
ǺǣƵεҡҡͷ˶ˣǲ̫Сˣ
Ұǰ͸ˣΪٵҵ壬Ҿͻѵ֪ħڵľʲô𣿡
˵ԴӶǰǼ֮ͱչزˣŶˣһΪϼһأ
Ҿ֪ħڵֻ壬ɿԴΪ˷ֹǣôȥأ
Ƶ˵ţֻһ֣δκֻȻڰоͱˡ
ĹɢȥţƵһλ֣뽫Щ
ϣĹкȻͷųһǿЩɫȫ֮ڡ
źߣȻ˲أȻһ¾ͿԽЩܿɲܸ㣡

еһо۵ףߺˣξȻ̧ŵģ֮ʲôʱôһλ֣ߺô֪أ
ֻһֵĴڣͿɵʳǵļ塣
ǸеشڣҲǸĻģӸոյĶԻУǰǱ컹ҪĴڡ
㻹ҳڵħѾˣǰħʢһʱưԲ򣡡
ħڵߣǿһʱձ׷ɱ˶ǵĸ߼Ҳܵ˲ŵ׷ɱ
㣬ֻһСѣڶԸɱˣħҲ˹ȥʽ
ڣָѵǽ𣿡
֪ˣ˴ҪĴһȻյķʽͳβĴҵ
˵ţеĹͻȻըһ˲ˣӰֳǰɫģûһ˿Ѫɫֶͬһ
ʼչЦݣЦ˿ڣһɺĸо
ţܾûأƵأ˺ܶأĸأԼôҴģĻһ΢Ц˵
ҪĸָĵӳԣƤҪսģ£źǿĹƤɵսģһЧ
ӾҵūͰɣҪ޾ʹ࣡
ʹ˵ôп飬΢Ц˵һƽһ㡣
ǲ̫ˣϷô꣬ձϾҪ⣡Ƶ˵ţԭʧٳʱѾĻ걳ˡ
ȻƣʧڿУƵ˺͸ߺġ
ƵصپȻ쵽˿ĵزĻ漴ͷһơ
䡭
ǿҵĳ˷ɢȥһɽ˲
˲ıֱѾǿ޷ģռѾݲˣȻռ䶼ʼѡ
пʼͬ鲣һ·ҽ󣬲ռϾô׾ƿġ
ԣռֻǳѷѣûбƿ
ңռ䱾ԶظԣԵ˵ɢ󣬿ռѸٵ޸
䣡
е˱ɳȥɵ̫ԶˣߺӰˡ
ǣһ룬һɲӾղǸطɢռѡ
ŲɢӰҲ˵ǰƵĻ꣬Ǻˣ
˾Ȼôͻˣֽһζս
Ӱʧˣռ䵽ѣɽҲʼ
ǣǿ˵Ӱֻܸоǿĳ޴ڵĿռѷ졣
ߺֻо¥ʼζбƣҪٲĻ¸¥Ҳ顣
ʱû뵽ȴͣվգƵأĻ꣬û뵽ôͻָˣѾǰ۷壬۷ˣ
ҲȻӺصľ磬̫ˣĻһ΢Ц˵
ǽһɣƾ㣬޷ҶսֵһأˣǲѾأ
ƵرĴ۵ģϲģȻҸҪ
˵ţƵһһ˲УҪˡ
ˣƵأѲƮڻ˲𣿡
ʱ򣬿ռٴγһߣƵһ޶ģҲмƣΨһͬǣİɫüë
죬ڳˣʲʲʲôȻҲǺأĻ걾һɵӣڲ΢Цˡ


172 ظ
ʲôû뵽ȻƮصĴ̫ϳϾȻظˣû뵽̫ϴϾںʹҳϦദ
ߺȵ˵ʵû뵽ǸͰߣȻǴ̫ϳϡ
ԭΪϼһԲ򵥣ԲͨˣȴôҲ벻Ǻصĺǿ
ѾĴˣսǿǺеǿߣܹΪǿߵģ϶Ƿ֮
ղֵʱ򣬸ߺֱŸ§־׼ӴϷȥ
ʱƵĻƻʵ̫ˣɽڲϵı¸󶼱ǿĳ״ݻˡ
켰ʱϵڵ翷Ҳ˵
Ҫߵʱ򣬸ߺڵĸ¥Ѿʼҡҡλˣһѳ赹ĸȻԥһ£ֱѾ䵽ϵ־
㽫ƶȫĵطЩŮİΣߺʥˣùأһֻѡ
ͱ磬־ոǸߺ֮ģҲܻͬһˡ
ߺҲ֪ΪҪֻһָоԼӦþֻ˳ӱİˣ

һֹ֣һƬμ̫ϳϣ
ʵҲһƬҲƮڵļλˣЩܸܵƵսϢĵ볤ϣ󲿷ֶˡ
Щδ꼰㣬ˣܵȫĵطšԵüƮڵĴ̫ϳˡ
Ʈλ̫ϳϣе˶Ͼʱ̫Զˣƽ̶һˡ
һƽֻƮڣǳȥðˣѾʮûлˡ
ƮڣҲֻ֪̫ϳ˭֪ģܻĴĵӡ
翷һСɽ壬ɽ岢̫ߣѾŨԻŨ
ɽϷƽֳķݣ·õпģֽʮԡ
ֻɽ֮ϣûôԣڹͺͺɽ֮ϣһϷ
Ȼŵķֽ磬鿴ȴ޷κβࡣ
ԵľˣԵıֱķֽ⣬Уеǹʯ̬죬еľ˱ǣеŨ˴ʮҲ⡣
ҲصһеһжţκζͿ壬Ե쳣أͬɾ
ɽǸУɫηǡ
ӦɫǴɫΣӦǴɫΣӦʯǻҺɫΣӦɫΡ
ڣɫ֮ϣ涼żˣֱһŮҺɫǸӣʮֺˬ棬˾ơ
ɫǸӣʮŵ棬棬һͰЦݣǰڷĸɫıӡ
󣬴ɫģһòŮӣһЦ֡
ڶڽ˫ۣӦʲô
ֳһǿˣоӦǴ̫ϳϱˣɫϵŮ˵һЦ
ڳˣǿɶ񣬸ոûа취ΪλϷǣöλ̫ϳӢǸ˵ţʮַߺƵġ
ǸҺɫϵ۾˶İһۣƨˣαӣҲȥæɣ
ǸŮҲͬĵ˵ͷͬĿһ۶İһۣǼദ˺ܶ꣬αݺΡ
ҲҿԼʵǿһǺĵӣҲԼôԲŴڵڡ
Ҫңʦͺˣʱ϶ҪһҺɫӳں顣
ң֣Ǹѵõɫѿһ£ƽԷĺܲҡ
ţƾңʵԸȫû⣬ǿ뷴ֱ׾٣ųλ̫ϳϣûңĶ˰ɣ
ɽĴĵӵڵأɽΪ塣
Ʈڵ󷽣ǽأԳ˼λ߼ϣ֪ɽҲλ̫ϳˡ

ֻ΢΢ĵ˵ͷδκζֻǵ˵һ䣺ɣ
˱㲻ڿгɣվƮڣ˸ΥǾԵĳȨߡ
Ļ꣬û뵽ıɻ״̬ˣǣ㾹Ʈڵң治ԭ£ûƽĺͰǱʮ
Ļ̶Ц쳹أû뵽ϼһﻹţҾͽɣ
Ļ꣡δ棬ԽԽˣǰɱʱ򣬾ģڻԲ𣿡˵ƵϬˣһ˶Էʹ
ĻʵǸո۷壬⸴İ䣬ĴŵϢȻһֱµѼ
˻壬Լºкߣټϸڵ̫ϳ϶ʮεģԵõϢɲֻ࣬ܵõЩϢ
˵Ļȷ̲סˣŻһ̽ʵ֪˾Ȼȫš
Ļ˵ȷһܴĴ
ǣ꣬ǰһֻ꣬취ԼڣĻ塣
һ꣬ڲϵԼʵԼʵ۷塣
Ҳ˵ڶʵʱǽʵ۷ѡ
ˮۣˣԱĻʵѾˣСΪˣҲΪء
ϾǺ۷壬Ǵǰĺ۷壬ս鱾ͷǳḻȷһ⡣
Ļɫ粻Ц죬ʮδ쵹ǰδе˵ûãʵɣ
˵ţĻһһצУţڿвϵĻζ
һ깳û뵽ûа׹Ȼıһˣ
磡¿鷳ˣ깳н׼Ʒħеһֻ֣꣬Ӿ͹ߵĻǣɿܣ
ƵԱСɫֻܹҲЩأȻԸıؼɵ
ȻΪһ˻ʯղŽҵıһ߼͵
Ļ˫ۺȻÿնֱǰκβǾˣ˺ãҲ˵ÿһα˵ǲˣҲˣ
ıߺȵǸ̥Ȼı
ߺԱߣƵĿĻꡣ
ȻԼˣԷܹ˺ѲɣԼ
ߺʽٵ⾳ûһԶ˺ⲻǹ̥ˣ
ߺ԰ˣһֱĻ겻úȻ̬
ûκηϻĻе깳һȥ
޵ļӳХţеϮȥ
ֻǵĿ깳ڰһҪʱȻЦ
һ죬·˵Ķ䶼ˡ
깳Ȼɳȥ֮ǰ״ĿռˣȻЩɢȫ״ѷ˽ȥ
ΪûΪӦħڹҼܳʱ䶼ðգ̽żѰ˱
죬ֳֳڿĻꡣ


173 ˽ؼ
ĳʮ⣬ѵưɫֱֱ⴦Щǳ񣬼ֱɱ˲մѪëϡ
ոĿռ䣬˶սе˽ȥ¸޷κӰˡ
ǣûӰ췴£ĿռԽһжմ
Ŀռ䣬ֱﲻҪ뽫ռ飬ʮѡ
øߺ˵ʹһٱǿǿﵽɿռѷĳ̶ȣҪռ䣬Ҫһ򱶡
쳤ָĻ꣺Ļ꣬Щ꣬Ϊ˶Ըҵı֮һн׶
ĻˣǱԼ˽Ϣֱ̫ˣǵΪ֪Ҫ˵Ѱʲôˡ
Լȴֻ޸۷壬пѰԼıʣĺ
һУοǻ˵ֻеһʣĻмͲ֪ˡ
Ļ룬ȲΪУοڻǵͼ壬컹ܳȻв̫
Ҫսʱ̫ȵԼȻɡ
뵽⣬Ļܵ˼ֻǣȹЩӣһǺڵģˣ
˵һˣĻʧڿС
ߺ˿Ļȥ򣬲˿壬ǲδ׷ȥͣԭأࡣ
磬ô죿Ƶطɵߣǵ
δոΪû׷Ļֻ꣬е˲֪Ļж£ʹô꣬ʱǨ˵ΪҲͬĵز¡
ղҲֻΪ˱סƮڣ˶ǽ߾ȫĻսĻˣ׷
ƵأҪǼϼһˣ
ʱȻԶڸ¥֮ϵĸߺһ¸ߺΪ漴΢ЦһУߺȻȥ
ߺͣڰУ»е˵ȥԱøˣʵ̫ˣһСĽˡ
̣ģϾǻһصΪ־ˣ˫Ŀ˫ʣԺĿܡ
ʲôط󣬸Ҳ˹Ĵ˿ۣϣϷأ
󣬸ߺòֹˣˣһȥ
ߺ˵Ůͷ־һ󾪺ףߺ㣬ôңҡ
־ڲԣֻɫߺתһȥȥߺ
εǴûҪߺ֣Ҫ֪ǰɸ߿գҪȥҲֻ޻ˡ
ǺڵڸߺĻˣ￴űߺͷ
ҿߺһѽ֮סȻȥˡ
׸磬ʲôʱѧɵģô֪ԺһҶ棡ߺһŷֺĸߺ
־ҲɻĿŸߺҪ֪ΪʲôɣҪ֪лɵؼȻ֮ǰǲڰзɵġ
ߺҡҡͷңǶǰ
ڿ˶նߣλүү˭λүүã˵죬ƵؿɰһЦ
ʮֵĻ飬˾ȻնԼʦǰ֪˲һ
ôɰ볣Щͷȣߺֵ̫˵θˣţÿɰŮ޶Сӵã
ͷʮɻĵʶĸ磬Ҹ̫ˣԺүүıӻ֮Ҳ۸ˣ
ңҵĸԺҪϸүү̵
˱仰ùЦСŮ޶飬ķΣҲ洫ӣ澳洫ӣ϶˭ͽܰɣʦ˭
ҵʦƮ죡
ǺǣСһɰүү⣡һЦһУ̷ɵĻС
쵭죬ԭ翷ǸСһﰡɣ
ǣԣѸϣȻһ񣺡λ̫ϳϣݼ
΢Цŵ˵ͷţɣŮ޲ͦģϷ̵һǣԸ⣿
æ£лλ̫ϳϣ̫ϳϽͽĸ֣Ҳ컹Щʹ
ˣӣҾ֪㲻ԸȻıͽܣⱾؼʱɣʱƶһĦ
Ƶ˵ţһһؼУƮȥҵ깥ؼǴ̫ϳϳòѰҵģ
л̫ϳϣҵͽܡȻõⱾؼȻûͽҪ
Ǹǻʣʺˣɱ깥ؼͬѵá
ˣϷֲͽܣ̵Ů޶ˣʵڲͷˣֵ
췢ˣ벻ˣֻȥ
ȻλǰôȤ̵󱲣βٽλһ̵ɺãб˲׬˵
ߺôԸ̵ˣæе־ҲһǰɣУһչԼá
Сһ˵ô硭ƵſھǱԱߵˡ
һЦСѣþò͸ĻӰɣСѿ᣿
ǰ²ǰڽӰˣߺ΢΢һ΢Цŵͷ
ߺȻֻ΢΢ƵزˣСӣ˶Ҫǹ£Ȼֻǹ
ߺ΢ЦҪ֪൱軪ͶӰû̸ˡ
˰֣޷Сֵܣ治ҵϣţȻһߣصΪңʵԶֹ˰ɣ
ǻллǰĻӰɣܸоӰɺƲͨ˽׹
Լʩչҿٸ㣡һЦ
ߺҲһЦλѣ
ߺڱͱһ־ǲСģһͱ־ĺ֮ͦϡ
־ɫһ죬ߺҲʮֲ˼ɫ˱𴦣ȴ룺ָã
־ݼλǰ־ڸߺĻӯӯ°ݣϾǸߺţ֮䲻ײ
ˣ־ɫˡ
һȻӣˣԭСѵŮѰŮֺӵرأʮֹ졣
ƵظֱӣˣʲôŮѣֱ˵Сӵϱ𣡺ˣǴӦˣ
ߺ־ʲôƵһ۴ϣߡ
ץסߺӣ翷֮ȥҲŸ֮ȥ
ڿУ־޴ֻøıŸߺټϸղŵĻͷڸߺĻ
翷һɽ֮ϣߺʩչ˻ӰϵĻӰأŵӰӳ֣Χڵϲϵֶ
ͷãҿеˣô˻Ӱɵĵڶأ治
ߺͣסһЦܸø˰ɣӰɵʲôôģ
ţӰɵȷ˽ؼҴһϼһֵĿһۣףҼǵû˵ҪⱾؼ
滳̣ߺеȻԼĻӰɣȻǱؼ̫ߺˡ


174 Ӵ
ҲûжˣνĻ꾪ߣˣ´ǺܿܵвԷǵ̾һ
Ƶ뵽⣬Ҳǣڻǻ壬ͨ˺ûκãֻ⾳һЩſ˺
ֻϼŵϼһ׻ɱ󻼣̾һε˵
壬ʲôǻ壿ߺɻʵ
Ϊߺͣ壬壬ʮӺܶ๥Ƶɱֻ嶼ûγɣ
ƵؽŵҲǿͼĻҲкµĶģ⣡
⣿ԭģ˵ءߺĵֹ
˵ʲôԭʲô첻׸ߺ˵ʲôʵ̲סʵ
ߺæǣǰ죬һСʱֻϸ·Ҳģ
ŶǾͼĻˣʲô˵ֻϸ·һȻӣ漴󾪵
㻹ʲô飡۰Ͱ͵ĿŸߺоϣ
۹⣬ߺһ񺮣Լǲ˵ˣԼ˵ǲ˵Ļ˻᲻ַӿ
ڻ˵˳Ǿĵطᷢһʮֵ飡
󣬸ߺڳ￴ʬ龰ˡ
飬˺ûиߺµĿ־壬ŭǷ߷߲ƽ
˶һʮ˷ܵı飬̲ס̲סƣ̫ˣ̫ˣҮô˵аĹˣ
ô£ߺʵ
Ŷģֻеͼ壬ŻẦ⣬ǵȻͨ˺ģͬʱҲһȱ㣡
ͼȻǿȴҲһȱ㣬ǲʹͨÿһԵʧ
Ҫָ壬ҲڵѪָԼ
ЩʬΪʲôǸӵԵʣô˵ǼһĻ϶߼ʱȲǵ鷳ˣ
Ƶ˷ܵĵţǼϼһͷ£֪Ƿ񻹻ţ
ߺ룬ֽսϣħڵӵ飬ˣ
쳣ļǰһİ𣺡ôһħڵķΧСˣ϶ƹ
󣬸ߺֽеˣĿġ
һֲŸߺСӻǸƵأһˣ˳ȥƹһΰɣ
Ƶص˵ͷˣߺʲôʱ
ߺһλֻҪսţķʲô顣
ڣ¼ķˣȴƮڵùƹĵùˡ
ҪƵس֣ߺţֻһˣͿ԰ɱ仨ˮ֤顣
ʵҡߺ˵ԮģǣƵһʹˡ
ʲôʱߣˣˣʾͺˣˣ˵ţҲߺˣԶȥ
ߺĿɿڴһҲ̫˰ɣôһ˵ȥôСƵģ뵽ʲôǰķˣǱߣ
ߺָ෴ķ򣬶ſд
ټˣ
滳᲻ĿԵǣߺ̾һε˵
һЦİɣҰǰȥǣǴҴƵسģӦ֪ģ
ߺͷߣΪγȥôˣһˣ
֮ǰ˵һ㣬˿ûУǸߺȴͷһȻı顣

ߺҲ˵ʲôˣɽ£ϺӰһ·񱼣Ƿɱȥ
ߵʱ־Ǻߵ˫Ÿߺ쳣ɷӡ
־ֱȽĮŮԣҪǲǰĻᰮȥ겻塣
ĿŸߺˣһСӵӡ
ߺ쳣ίԼʲôûΪɶôԼ
ԺĿ־гУԼһ¡־ԼɩӣԺԼĸôԼ
ʱǹȥ־Ȼٶֻû뵽ʵԼĻҪá
ڸߺҲ֪һжԼðһЩСΪ˴ٳĺ£᲻ɱĳ嶯
мծûиأֶһ
ߺҪ׷ƵأǣɱһһҹߺƵصӰû
ϼһܵĹģڿ϶Ѿߵ˰ɣٶȿǺð
ߺλȥܵԭ·ʱЩʱ䣬ǰʮﴦעŲԶǰǡ
ϼһѾˣһǸϿ߰ɣ
ʱԶ޵ĺˣСӣȵҰܵ治
ôô찡ǡߺͷȥͷ󺹣Ȼǣ
ȻֻƵڿߺڵĵطٶʮֿ죬һţͿ˵Ӱ
ֻǸղΪ˿ǲǸߺͣһ£ȻߺѷֱǲСء
ҵСˣղҶţȻ㣬֪⼸Ϊҵ㣬˶ٵط𣿡Ƶڸߺǰ˵
㲻ӦǰѵǴѰǵ𣿡
֣ǲǣߴ·ˣҼ켸ҹķУڿСˣ
Σô˵⼸һֱзɣһֱû𣿡ߺһ¿ˮԾʵ
ƵԵõǵȻôɣ
ߺ˲̫ϳǰ׳𣿣ϣͲǲǰ˰
ҵȻʣÿҵˣʱֻ˵֪ôֵأ㶼ᣡ˵ʲôԴǰܹˣţڶǰȷܹһˣʱ򡭡Сӣǲ˵Դв
ߺһ񺮣̫ϳҲ̫ɵ˰ɣӦҲ̫˰ɣ
ˣϣǽȥɣǾǰˣߺ˵ţźӰǰɱȥ
СӵȵңӺòҵ㣬Ҫң
̫ϳϣǰˣھͽȥȥǰսߺƵʾϾƵôûӣҲ̫ϳϡ
ȻˣȻҪȥˣֲʲô󱲣ţȥɣ
ߺǰУ·ϣߺȴκˣʵʮּ
Լڿ߳Ĺˡ
վס˭ߵǰ¥ϵʿڿˣȻʶߺǲòЩӡ
߼Ҹߺصشǰ󣡡ߺһȭ˵
ȷ󣬻ӭء
Ƶһ𣺡ʲôΪʲôӭӣӿƮڵ̨ϳϣţСӣΪʲôҡ
ߺһࣺţԣҴˣ
һ㣡
Ӵ˹æˣ


175 Ƶسս
ϵǲα·ƽһ𰡣óʱͳ֣𴳾ݡ
ǵ·ϣƣÿһڶ·ĵϡ
ҵĴʾ䶼û˵ͣȵֵƵصĿк
Ȼս֮֡ú¡
е˶ɵһս֮֡ú£½սʿУʥĴڡ
ʱ򣬼ÿսʿû£ɤӣǣģǱǮȨʴ
ǣĺȻǣ֮ʿˡ
˵սߣã˵˻Ǵϵʮ־ˡ
ʷأ˸һʱ򣬿þ֮У԰Ρ
ǣΨиߺۣᳪҲ볪Աˡ
ߺ⾳ԽԽоԼĳ
ڶǰ޹˸ߺȥȣڲͬˣҪġ
ȵʱ򣬼ʹԱǧҲ岻ݴǵĳǰʱ򣬼ʹõᶯֺ
һ֣Ҳˣߺڣܵߺߣһ߳裬һ߸ߺ˵Ǻܹ졣
˵۾߰磬ôôʱŻҶȼˣºܿҪˣѽѽѽٶѽ
ߺʵܲˣҪͳ˵Ҫ˵ȳ
˵꣬ߺҲļӿŲǰ߼ȥҪȥ
Ӱʵ̫ˣԼԷѾΪˣ˵ˣýûٽ費
Ƶ֣˵ǳĺˣߺǿ⣬ûйͬԡ
ǰһֻ䱸ɭ˺ܶ࣬Ǵ֮ǰȻжʮʿڻš
Щʿߺ֮󣬶ὫеıϺݺݵһã˺ã
ߺ߹֮󣬾̿ʼߺȫۡ
ߺ亹߽˳ȥ֮󣬾ֱӽ˴ȥǳ
Ӱ֮󣬸ߺȥ֣壬ȥѯһս
μλصĳߺǾöԷĪ⣬оԷκεκΪļ
֣ľʣȻ֮ǰӪУߺʮ䣬ϵѲѯʣ֪֣嵽״ںδ
ߺϵǣ֣סĵطˣƬӪС۵ĵطһҲǺܺãǲԱߡ
ߺҿûо˿ţһ߽档
ţ̧֣ͷߺȻ򣺡ԭ㣬ʲôʱģںʲô
˵֣꣬ͷñдʲô
ŶƮڵһͷˣȻе˾Ͷˣ
˰죬֣Ȼߺˣеëʶһ£ţȻأ
ȻûȻˣߺ˵ûһ˿
֣дһһٱʣűʣһǳɡ
֣Աߵһë˲֣ĿԼĽĶߺ˵
ĵһͷߺߵ֣㣬ȥ
һ˲䣬ߺסˣ⵽ʲôʲôô죬֣дôĵĶ
Ц̫񲣬˵ô³ģԾĴдһֽ棬ƽϡ
ôְɣ֣Լ֣һ֣쳤Ц
ߺ˵ͷղŵıʣֽ·ддһЩ֡
Ȼ˵һ仰ϼһŵ̫ϳϣ֮һ֮֮ϵĵλ
˵꣬ߺ±ʣͷҲص߳
ʲôƮڵ̫ϳϣôûϢ֮һ֮֮ϵĵλضҲǺߣ
֣ߺ˵Ļ֮°ͣ˼˵ԣôҪһϢȸ߸װɣ
˵žҪ壬ߵһ룬ͣǣȿһСôдΰգ
Ȼоʹһŭ߷ߵŭ𡭡
֣ŶֹСӣͷӣˣ
ͷһתֻֽдţ⻹ò£۾֪ˣ׳գ

֣֣岻֣ͬϵԪ˧֣Ѿˣ˴֧Ԯġ
ԣ֣סĵطȻǵĳˡ
ߺҲȥ֣·ϣ֪꣬Ȳӳˣ٣
ٶȣߺڵ֣岻֪˶ٱοߺߵģߺʱ֣ջڰ·ء
ȻӰٶȺܿ죬۶ʱıǸߺӰΣٶȸһ㡣
ǰʿֻоǰһΣ߰˸ߺʹǰһӶȵӦʱ򣬸ߺѾǺԶˡ
֣סĵطܺңߺߵǰͣ£һĿš
ǺǣСһﰡ㼰ʱΪĵλҪһЩʱأУ֣ǲϵ
ߺŽȥһ񣺡ݼ֣ǰм䷢һЩ飬鷢չĻ˳
ţζԴ˵ģû㷴Ӧ𣿡֣ͰһЦ
Щ飬˵ʣ֮ɣߺһЦν˵
˵ѯһս״ߺǣ˲ʮңȻԮ֡
һߣ֣սೡ֣緢Լǵ֡
ңÿγ棬ʹ޷ò
ֻ˵ΪԼںһ۷壬ݺս˿ɵУټϽ죬绢Щʱգʧأ
ߺ΢΢ͷǰ˴ƮˣĿľƹ˴º󣬸ߺʹȥƹϾͻ˱ˣߺˣ
˵գߺͷҲص֮ȥ߰ĵطȥ
ţǸطƵص֮
棬ǷƵأʱ֮߳ɤӶˡ
ߺӰ䵽Ƶǰ˵̫ϳϣҪˣ
ţСӣʲô£ƵͣŸߺ˵
ߺתĵƹߣһ۷壬벻ʶһأ
ţȻɺôʰǣ˵ţƵߣ첲ӣҪȥ
̫ϳϣأߺεĵӰκǱϾȺǿٶȡ
ãߣƵƢ̫קߺԶȥ
ûз֣ץסߺʱ֣һ鵽ˣһ§סߺȣǣ˾зȥ
˶ûʶ֣վȻΪĿɿڴûзӦ
ҲΪ̫ˣһ˶͸оԶȥ
ٶ̫ˣ˷Ӧʱ򣬸ߺѾһڵˡ
ǰͣ£ҵĵܵܣͰˣϻһأ֣ڵϺ
˾ͽǰִϣŶԶˣҿҲˣ֣裬ܵܶˣɲˣ
ҲˣԸİɣ֣޹˵
е˶ۿ𴦣һʶ֣ӡ


176 Ѿ
ףƮڵ̫ϳϣǵĵƣߺߺ֣Ҳ֣ڴ֣˵ߺ˵Щ¡
֣米˫֣һЦţԶǼҪǿԭˣҪ֪ǲֱǶ࣬Һлƣ
ߺ˵˻һ֮£֮ϣǿ϶һĸˣ֣ոոߺ˵Ļ
֣˵ͷҲǲܵģˮ̫ڣǲ֪Ʈԭƣ
ǰԭΪƮ֮ȫʵˣôЩӣˣ
Ʈھ֮ǿǰռһ֮λ֮õĻɽׯʵøߵʲôزŲƮڲ֣ε̾Ϣ
ڣº̸ͳһȨߣ
֣˼ǣ׵˼ǷҲĳ½ҵ鷳ˣ
֣һЦαô鷳ǵʱֻҪȥ߷ǸһְٰģҲҹ֮ˣ
ȻδһҪ֮񣬵Ҳǹ֮񣡡
֣룺Ӷһµͣ¶ԷԸɣ
ǾͿıˣ֣һЦȻ٩ԼĶӡ
ҵġ֣סˣʵ벻ףԼʲôһôò

ʱ洫ٽ͸ߺλһˣ
ʲôϽȥ׷Сˣ֣˵ţ͵һ˦֣ԱߵһǱ˲
֣е֣ѹʹ֮ܶ԰꣡
ǣףսҪʱڡ֣뷢йȴѹƵôҲ޷ŭ
ˣߵʱ˵սܿҪˣοⲻı𣿡
ʲô
ӲɽҲƾߺڵʵҲ飬ʱƾǱĽ飬飬ӦûʵֵĿܣ
˵ϣǸ߸ߡ֣循ˣ֣һЦʰ׼أ
ǣóȻأ
İɣߺ˵ûаյĻ˵ģض֣˵꣬㲻֣壬ԹǴ

Ƶһ˵ȣߺۣ֮һֱĴ鿴ûеоĶ
ߺʩչ֮۵ʱƵԼҲһСӣѾԻˣһ츳
ߺֻǵĵ˵ͷҲûʲôûʲô˲ġ
ǣֵоͲôˣҪ֪ƵȻҲʹǲû츳
츳ֶһ㶼һʼͨʱʱŻ츳
ʼʱܵĻһǺѵģ죬ƵأʹΪͨ죬û츳
һԿ츳жѡ
ţСӣţƵĵ˵ͷ꣬ԺƮڵ֧ˡ
Ͳ֪Сӵ츳ǿһЩң츳ǿһЩƵصͷŸߺ뵽
ûһףߺǸСһ˭мǵýһ𣿡
ߺһ񺮣ǲˣãӸղҾһֱͣ£˵˸ˣ
治Ƶͷ񷣬ε˵
ߺεƳһۣģүӣʵҺ̨µģǣ찡
ϲ첻аˣҪˣҪѰƹ˵䣡Ƶʵû˵ˣôһŵ
һСߺûзʲôƵغȻһˣȥѾģ
ߺλ̫ϳе˼Ƣߺһ޶һå
Ȼ֣һֱԾģԣѾģ⻰˵ƣͷӣ˵ϡסθѽǣǣ
ݺݵصһȥ˺ݺݵˤ˵ϡ
֣ڸߺԱС˵磬ӣСθǰΪ˿ȺƹĳǰЩ汻ǳЦˣҪúõĳŪһ
ߺĵһΣٸǰԳӣһͷնݾƺȣ
ʼûˣվԭرۣƸӦʲô
֣ڸߺԱ߶ͣʱƵغȻ˫ۣȻߣһȺߵĻ۷ߣǻʵ
ߺƵ˵ҲԱ߶߶֣գ˵ûǰæذɣħǡ
ĲĻǺĲˣƵҲɫصĿŶӪء
˵꣬Ƶ΢΢̣죬ͽƹŪ췭ظɣòôһᣬǻʲô
ģߺ˵ԭر磬۾ѧƵһ㣬ӦӪء
ǣôŬӦĵطȴֻǷԲһֻǸӦģģֻһ
֣տɾͲһˣеĳľӪȥ
ߺȻ۾޺ޱһ국Ͳܰȵ𣿡
˵˵Ҳ֣ϣ廯Ӱ֣գľӪȥ
ãƵذ̾һȵƹĺСϽһսӰǸϱXXOOˣ

Ƶһ׻ȥе˶ˣν쳹Ӫʣ֪
ϼһ˭ϷϷҪң˵ţƹӪзɳӰνý
һǴƹӪ֮Уɱģͬһ磬ǽǺˡ
ߺ˿Ƶأָ֣Ըߣֵ顣
Ҫ֪ߣһ죬һ硣
Ҳ˵ÿһΪͻһ޴ķֽߣΪʵз츲صı仯
Ȼ˵ȻҲ꣬ӺأǿˣʹҲĻݺݵһ
죬ȥģôżҪҪҳԵ㶫ߺȤû뵽졣
ڽ죬ߺˣŶԷ棬ÿһο̲סЦ
ۣСҪߺȻϱˣҲƵأֱӳŸߺ
ǣĹδǰƵǱ߾ͳ˴ˣСȻϷ
˵գƵغݺݵĻһƣһɽҡ˲ѿ϶ȥ
ƵڷһƵʱǱ˾;֣Ѹ֧𣬲ɢȥ
ҲܵƣߺֵӪȥ
䡭
ֻһƣߵĻ˲֧飬嵽û¡
ǣǰʮ׺ϵȻʼƬƬ䣬ѪҺ׷ɣ󣬾Ȼֻʣһѹͷڵϡ
Ȼߵͷ֮УƮŰɫĹԶƮȥ
ܣûţһһУƵһδɶԶͽһʧڿС
ܰ
̫߰ˣоͰѺɱˣ֣
ߺ֣գԷѾˣǸϣѾģúЦ
ߺһģ
֣ȥˣΪİΣߺòȥ


177 
ɱǰƾҲҪ֣ɱϿܰһЩԼ˶࣬
ǣƵغεв˫һƣһЩѹȥ
䣡
һɵƳȺУӡгѪһǧˡ
У߶ȻƵ֮ûκδ
ԣЩҲĿĵأȥ
ƵعƹӣĹҲ˭֮ٴΣȴĶȻҶ¾ɾ
˵գգĮӵоȴ֣ںĴЦ
Ѿģǰ첻Ǻܿ𣿲Ҫ̤ƽǣ׽֣Ӿǿе֣е򰡡
˵ţ֣еĳ裬ÿһʱ򣬵˶ʱס֣պݺµĳκһ˿Ӧ
ߺ˵ͷƿջ֮Ȼǻ֮ǿĴڣֻлƣͿõʱþ
ȻõʱþǱϾ֣յΪҲǻһ۷壬ԻԻصߣ̫ˣ޷֮ȫþ
Ҳֻ֮һ룬һһҲ˹
ڵͼߣǻһصߣ֮þʱ䳤֮ãڵ֣գԽսʵˡ
û뵽żղѾԽˣνʦͽߺһ˼һ߽ĸ֣󣺡ʱñˣ
ţߺͣԭأ˫ۣ֪ܵľ
ܵľӳԼԺͬԼۿһһǣֻܿһ棬ƬȻ˷嶼ߺ֪
ߺһ߸֪һ̾ϢصڣȻдã̫ˣ
֪Ȼû֮ۿԶܹ֪˷ľ

ģԷľȫˣߺʱҲٴλʹˣҲ£ڣʹٶһߺҲصġ
ƵصڴӿߺߣһǸó˰ɣȥƹĻ
ߺҲ˫ۣĵһͷһ·ϣǵʱ乻õˣ̫ϳ㡭
ңСӣôˣƵ
ôˣߺЦһ̫ϳ·ͽ飬Ѿ·ˣ
Ժ飬Сô죿ƵָԱߵ֣գУСӣ·òҪȥ
˵һûıʹӵص׷ɳƵС
ߺһ֣գȥɣǴȥĺΣգ˵ҶҪ
֣νһЦһҪȥģ֪ҴûڿԳȥˣ
Ҳûȥ֪Ҳûг챻ˣǡƵҵһͬˣϲĽ
ߺΣ̫ϳǲɵӰôԼĸôƵġ
̫ϳԣߺԱߵ
ȿȿȡãɣԸž͸Űɣ·ɣƵæ
һ·ˣƹķȥ

ı߽磬ŵĹԴǰգĹã˻ұʣ޼ڵĹĻ̡̻
еıٽǳᷴ
գߵĳӭİĿˡһߣˡ
һ˶ͷңɫɴݣһү
԰׵ɫ˧ӣͷ΢ɫһĴԺۣµŵѥ涼˰
Ŵɫɫ˿Ӵ棬Դϣһ֪Ǹ˧ҵӡ
һȣҡҡλεԽԽеҲϵҡΣһҹӡ
ߵǰͣǲǰУʵΪڽš
Ǻˣ֮Щ飬κ˽룡һʿڳ֮Ͽߺ˵
󵨣ǺˣȻôǹ˵ϿҼҹӿţȻض֮أ
УǸҵ˶ȵʮַŭ
֪ǡʿҲЩԥϾǸĹӿ϶Ǹ˼ҵӵܣԼǲˣԼͲˡ
ӵҲ֪ģʲôʸ֪Ҿ㣬ٲţԼҪȥˣǸĹӷŭһ֡
£ǸʿΪˣ⡭
ºαΪЩСб£Լɣʱһģϳ¥Į棺ˣ׼Ǹǣ
кѣҡǸ˵žҪȥ
ţ£ʰɣԱߵǸŶҵ꣬һ½Ǹߵסĵ
ǸȻ˼£ΪʲôôϤ
߼壬ҵСӡݣʱȻһʿϳӵݡ
Ǹüͷ𣬲ʵȷݣ
ǵģһۣһģһԲ
ԶԶԣӣҴ˵´ҵˣһһ٣ϵǸƢ𱬣ֽ£Ǹͬһˣһһֽۣǣ
ô˵ˣǸЩɡ
Ǹݵ˫ĿգɫȴڽڣˣҴ˴ܼ֮µģңҾ涯ˣ
ǵˣӽǸһЦ˴򿪳ţӭӡ
ӽȥҪҪȥɸһסǸϿЦ
Ҫ֪Աߵūūޱȣרݵģ˵ǺҵڶͬһΪߡ
ĿǸһۣˣס
תŸߺһүɫǻȥЪϢɣǻҪȥƹμƹСıأ
ֹ˵Щʲôסˣεĵ˵ͷðɣСĶԱߵµȥ¥һأ
үȥ˭˵ţߡ
ʱͻȻݵǰүǱᣬȰ㻹Ǻúûȥʱһүģ
һԶʧ˵С
֪ӵӣղΪʲôǿ
ǸεһЦҲȲѣȰҲֻ֮ΣڵϦ
ǣݽǱԷӦϣ룡
Ϊνǽˣ
Ͳˣûа취ʾɫģոգɫĳǰ϶ݣ
ƾֻӣȥƹףߣ⣡


178 ܲ
µȲμӣ߷һСһʮָûʵݣе˹ǰ
ݣ£ˣһ·ߣվ
˵ͷǶɣ빫ٱƥҪμӱ״ᣬǵˣһҪǵ
ǣµѾڱ˷ˣҪҪ
۷Ź⣺ðϽС
ʱǺȻվ˳үҿǽûɣŮˡ
ǵ۾ȻǸˣֻԼ־һ㱣޾ɱ¾֮С
ʮǼһȻˣȻÿ־Ŀ⿴ǣԲǴˣ֪ˣ
ҡҡͷȤðɣūģѷȥɣ
ʧһԼķȥں棬ջԵġ

ˣСӣϷѾˣ˲߿̽κ龰ոճ극ǸºȻ𱰵ǣݵ
ӦҲֵǣٺ磬ݵôɣ
ֻǣԼãһκܳʱ䣬Ƕݵģ
ˣȻǸߺˡ
˵ڸߺȸ·ʱݵĹӸ磬ˡ
ƾߺǿµĶֻǸһ㽫˵Ƣòˣ˵ĿĵҲƹ㶨ƣ˻
Һã˵ϰǴժңȻҪɹݣ˵
µΪأڸߺûУ㱻ɱȻƵһƻɱĩҲǻʬ𼣡
Ȼ󣬸ߺ԰ٱݣ˹ݣǰˡ
ٱȻҲݣǣٱƲĿǷǱѰѵõߣԽ˵ı飬ɫĺö
ƾǸôָᷢߺݵأ
ڸߺݵ˲䣬Ƶضˣ˵ǾĸӦ֪ߺǲĸߺ
ټϣߺݾȻΩΩФĸֻӱϰԣ޷ֱ
ʲôȻϷô˵ĽɫҵģҴֱӷɽƹһв԰𣿡ʱƵڲԸˡ
ߺתͷƹǺͬһȼĹңǵҺͻ壬Ϊǻûָǣô죿
⡭Ƶƿˣûƹ֮УпĻģһǻʹǼطǣǵطƵĺߣܲڡ
οĻ꣬ҡڵ߽ȥǴ
ҡǿٽƹʳǣڴαװαأƵҵһɣֱ׳ĶԸߺ˵
ߺҡҡͷֲ첻ԼĵܵأҪԼһǰ
ʱαװõϣĹ֮У˭֪˶ģʱټǵݼû˻ϳˣ
֣һȻģƾʵһһģʱ򣬽ʹȲ׾𣿡
ߺЩΣȻأΪǼװΪʲô
棡
ŵģ
ͣߺһǣҲǵ̱ʲôϣˡ
ֵǣΪʲôƹոսܣľǵĿĵʲôڲӦʿʱ𣿡
ߺͷ˼Ҳ벻׵ĵط
˺ˣ˯ɣһж֪ˣ

ڶ죬ͣߺڡˡҡڵ߳Ѿõ߳˳
˳֮˸Ҫʱ䣬˷ߣһˡ
ߺⲻôҲҪȥƹμӱ𣿾ƾ㣬Ұ֮ھɱ㣡
ʮּʮֵĴ̶
ߺĮȻͷȴֱԭܼ򵥣ʶ⼸һ
ѲɣҪڲɣߺﰵ̾
ҪװһװŶԭһﰡôЩͷҲȥˣ
ǰ̷磬ҹӣ㵱Ƕô뵱꣬ÿ˯һ¥ڣ˯Ĺ¥
ߺһ΢ЦͷһΣϺϺڹˣҲֻܹߵһȥ
ߺֵǣɱݵʱݷǻߣǰһǻء
һ֮ڣһܹɻݣߺ̫š
ԭһոա
ȵȣ˵ʲôԭһСӣڼұϲ깦򣬲˰ɣ
ˣһˣ˵ôһ
ǣո˵
٣ˣ裬ᣬ㷳
ǣղš
˵ҿɾͷ˰һܻ᷸ܶ˾ͺá
ҵĴǸո˵
Ҵ򡭡

ʱһ˼·ոǸ棬ε̷磬
ԭǼһֻ˵˵ѣ˵ĴùݣҪ˵ڵǸߺٰģһָͿ
̷米ҲûֹߺΪ̷ʵټǳȻĵλڻ񣬼˾͸ˡ
Ҫ֪ƾ˵ʵɱֻǷַӵ顣
ˣǳֵĻ˸Ͳ֣ƾèĹ򣬸ߺ־ܽһɱ
ż˵ֵܰƹСΪʮǿһǸ˫ˣôһҪڻô˵ģ
̷ԱߵŸߺ˵
ߺεĵ˵ͲҪ˵žͷѾҪ룡
@#%&%%̷ڱף׵ĸͷƵģ˵˵塣
ʲô취㡭ģҪ벻˵һӣô˵ģԱǸľİԼү˵
ߺ֣ʵСӲģҲ˵ҲӵܶѣֻҪһľͻã˻ɽġ

Сӣһ췢֣Ҳң㻹ǻᵱ𣿡ʮ߳ˣڰ·ϸߺĶ̷˵
Сӣ˵ЩʲôΪһ٣Ϳ԰ҴɵӸ㣬Ըˣ´һҪ㻨ϡҳԷ
̷ڸߺǰԳӣÿһζߺı׵ġ
֣Ա߿ˬһ죬Լˣ˵ǹԼˣһš
һ·ϣߺͣĿ˳ƹһȥȥ׵ġ
ǲһһͣߺֻһѡ
ԭݣǸΪأȥǸʲô𣿶һһĿᣡ
ƹΪͬĹңƮڳһȥ˸ͲˣܸЩʲô


179 㼯ƹ
磬⣬ʵģۣͯ
ߺһ·ϣֽߺĶ䣬һֵľڸߺС
û೤ʱ͵ƹˣƹٽ಻Զ
һķǳأǲһǣƹķǳԶνʮ۷ߣͿǳƵ
ǣǳҲи߽ߡ
ǰսսܣƹҲ൱ģʹǱףҲ̷ء
ǵý֮ǰߺ˲㱻֣Ҫǽ֮ʱƹؽƵأ֣նժ
ƵǺصǿߣгΪǿߵģܹж٣һ򣬶ܵһߡ
Է̬ȣƵزûбֱӽǺ
ҿ̷缰ʱ棬Լݣ֤ʵ˵ȷƹϰߣ˴ѵӣǿȥ
ʹøߺɵø̾ǮʹĥָܵĹٳǵĶܱˡ

ڴϣ̷Ա߲ϵĹǺҵһǧƱģƹǲһֵܶ˿Գ裬ҹҹ
ǣ㿴ƹ֮Ǿ͸Ƶģ
ߺ΢΢𣺡û취˭ƹǴĹСأ
ǿɶҪĹڵĹĹôʧأ̷޺޵ص
ʲôĹƹѹţߺоȣǱȴ¶ͬһģ
ûҪȻĹʧһĲأ
԰̷һʹļ׵ӣһЦȥԷ
ߺ𣿡
̷ͨ磬õһԵϢĹڣȻƹѺƹʶ
Ĺȴҵĺ߼ҲǣھȻȫѺƹƹʲôĿģ
ߺ˼ʱƵصӸߺ𣺡ҾãĻпƹʶ
ߺæתͷۿƵɺԶľ룬Աߵκ˶ûƵ̸Ƶġ
ؿˣǰƳһֱߣ֤⴫ģֻԼõ
ߺȻһߣһ߼
Ҳһ׶༪ˣҪֻ֪кǿĴڣ겻ɢſγɵģ̫ӦǾϻˡ
ɡ

⻰֮󣬸ߺ˳˼αᣬǼߵϢϢء
٣С֣ײˣɣпǸߺ̫ڳ˼ˣԸû·ײһˡ
˱ײվƿڴ˵ţѾʼ֣ıߺ
ߺ˵Բ𣬿û뵽ԷȻԼȻԭ¡
ԷĽһᣬԷĳ񵲶ȥ
ۺӣֻһ£ͽԷĳ񵲶أұߺˡ
ֻһУߺܸоԷʵأ̷ֻͬһˡ
ңԷıҲֻ¼½ױøߺͬȱĻһͿն϶ԷĽ
ڸߺݵҲһԲԱ¶ΪֻáԷս
ߺеҲһ½ױǣڸߺܾʩչʹҲûκá
ңߺݵȷ˿֪ҲͿʩչУһʼʱ򣬸ߺɱ֮ǰʩչģߺ͵ѧˡ
Уߺ˰죬ʼնС
һ㣬ǻأͻУҲҳˣǸϽ軳̰ɣǸˣһ߷Ĺһ߳Цߺ
ߺɫһľǱԼĸĸСӽշ˸ߺĴɣߺѾˡ
ţߺոմ򿪵ӣֺϣ˲ͣԭأĿŶԷǸԼɱ
ڸߺоͺһֻޣɱԡ
үСģ˵ţߺǸǷǷ
һЩصߣܿڵĸߺǺΣյġ
˵޿£ȫĺ޽ӿ¡
ڸߺϸܵϢеĺһ޶ʮΣա
Ȼǳ嵽ߺǰʱ򣬸ߺеӺȻ΢Ǹ첲֮ϡ
ǵ͸һѪϡ
Ҫɱ㣬ȻҼүɱˣ
үһɱǵģǶ÷ɣһµֵǣɱ
áԡɱ˵
ߺ΢΢𣺡ǵҪһµ
˵ţߺǰȥϲȴǳ֡
ӵʣĲһУƺν
ߺ֪ԼڵӪԼʮ⣬΢ʹԷͻᶳɱһԼڵҹԼߵһѰ㣬ɱ
ԣߺֻһȫʩչνһȻ޷ܿĽɱӦҲ㹻ˡ
ߣС֮ҲɱҼҹӣɣߺҪֵʱƵسڼԵ
顭
ƣǼصڷеɷ飬ϳѪ
˵һƵĿ˸ߺһۣһͿһʱ
仰󣬸ߺͷͬĺģ˲䱻ѡ
԰Լ̫ˣԼڰݵֻͨĻأԽսһĻض硣
ԼȻսڲܣ񲻻̴
µ񣬸ߺǺãһתĶһȺߣ£㲻ãով㲻֣Ҳɱǣ֣߰ɣ
˵գߺ̷ȥĹЦǲɱһʹ죬ǾҪףһ£
֣ʹһ٣Ȼȥƹʶ

ʮպ󣬸ߺƹʶ֮£ڻʶߺȻ⵽
ǻʶ£ЩسʿͲиƾߺô˵¶˲ժңƹʶпܱץ
Ƶض˲ժ¶ңǶѿ쳣һ㡣
Ǹߺ̷ġԭ¶˾Ϊ̫ѿԲһֱŶҵġ
سʿóһ˿ӣӦ¶˿˿˵ͷ¶ˣûƹʶӭǵ
ߺ˱˴ʶлʹһ˵ݻ˵Ŀռʮִסǧ˶û⡣
߽ȥߺ֪Լ˲ģкܶˡ
ָߣɫɫҲ֣Ƕμαġ
ߺ֪βμαȻи֣ƹĸȴУڻʶվȻӵĵط
ھѾˣѾˣʹûģʣҲʣ¶ˡ
Ҫ֪ƹǶƽ˵ֱһ顣
Ƭİ֮һƹ׼ң˭ĿŵĹԼҡ
ԣƹΧЩСҶˣϵһЩΪԼ󰲶Ҳ׷˴
ЩСеңҲ׷ˣһһĲߣȻжˡ


180 
ߺ˱˴ԼסеǷֿסģߺ֮󣬱ұߣЩǱߡ
һţɽ亣ζͰ˸ߺǰ߽һλװʮֻˣҹãƹ񲿹Աܽ
ܽԼİٽߵһĸͷԼһңİٽ⣬Բжˡ
ȫֽŵĸλȦģߺ֤пֱһͬġ
Ƿ˶ͷ­ֱӰƵģӡ
˵仰Ѿ⻹񲿹ԱأƹȦ
ߺ˵ͷָЩɽ亣ζ˵ʲô˼е˶Ͳ𣿡
ܽһЦһЦⶼʼŲ˹ĸߺֱ£ôоԺҲԷ˵ĳ嶯أ
ܽͣߺףԭĶǽͣŻԷأߺһ֮У˵һĴڣ˶ǹ
̷綼ߺ˵ͷƹʼд˵ķʽǲһ
ߺ£ӣԵ㶫Ͼһ·ȻǮҲз¶޵ʱ򣬸ߺΪ֮ˣͬļ幫һóһָ
СָǺϡеģһ֮УָʮöȥǹңһָǸʵ˵ܱ
˵ţС֮УָȷϡеĴڡ
һڻʼаţһЩǱСʵţǼܹ
ԣߺһ·ҲָܽеʳóҲǶĹǺˡ
ߺδвˣֻǸովӣǸܽԱߺٺٵЦˣЦ
ӣһʼҵĻȥһۣ㲻ᷴ԰ɣ
ߺӶһ£ĵû뵽ƹȻôŵʱ̲ˣʱȻ˫вԡ
ߺ֪һ˵ߺһЩ⣬һЩϲʱ򣬾ͻᱻɣ
ͬĻشһɱ
Ͼոսܣϸ߱ĹҵļϸЩҲпԭġ
ߺһ٣Ҳˣʲôʱ򵽵ģôû·ǡߺ˵仰ʱ쳣š
ܽԸߺ̬Ӷ΢΢Ƿ܇յģ
ߺ΢΢𣺡壬܇ң߻ԵһҪÿ
˵꣬͵ؽƷɱڡ
һĻܽûлɸߺŸߺˣϢŭƹºΪѣ
ҵ飬ܴ˾ͲԽˣһӻȥǵģߺĵܴ˻һϯ
ð죬ȥԸ˵꣬ܽһת߳ߺҡ
ߺ΢΢ôһСطôң˵˵Ƶطʲô
ԭΪ˳˽Լݵߺòһ̷硣
֣܇Ҳûôϵ˵г
꣬܇һ𽨹ʱ
νһɽݶһôȨأ
ԣ܇һλƴҽһʤ
ʤ֮󣬽ŶֽҲδ܇նݳǷˡ
ɣ܇һֱûжҪȨͷʮ܇ҵĵһȨˣȵ龳磬ҽлƴ
ʱѳҵλȻҲǿǰ벽飬Դһܾˡ
ΣڵϦ󣬻Ǻˣոսˣ܇Ȼ𣬽һλɱ
܇ʤˣնݳǲλ棬܇ˡ
һ£ƾˣʱȻֿʼҵʱȨˣһ˹ҡ
ҪҵĹŲܸı䡣
܇ҲӦˣҺˣγ档
ҵĳȴʼսⲻһֱ뽫܇Ҹ𣬶܇Ҳһֱ뽫նݳ
һЩߺһϢһ㱻ܽһǸȥ
סľ뱾ҲԶֻһߺ㵽ˡ
ոսţһɱͽԼһ𣺡ǻȥˣȻСݣ֮һҲɳˣ
βǱ˧Ǳ䣡С𣿲Ϊĳ¹ʡ𣿡
ߺ΢΢𣺡㻹ǵԼɣΪҲ̫߰ɣޱȣ
㣡ߣӱʱŹ㣡
һӻȰСһЩϾʵǿһЩû˧Ŷѹ˧ߣ

ߺԷ죬㶷˽ʱԱߵܽĿڸʵ̫˵ˡ
ߺȻһֱûб죬˵ĻıܿһЩԼ⣬һ֣Լʲô¡
ÿԷʱ򣬸ߺ仰Լתơ
УߺԺм¼Էӣ˵׼һ̷׳
ʱ܇Ҳ۵òˣһĲˮ۸ߺҲɵŶԷ
ߴˣûʲô£Ҫȥˣһʵµͬһ£鶼ˣһǵø׼һϵȵĺþƣүҪɤӣ
ߺ仰ֱﳤȥ
ֻʣܽڷɵԼĿʲôǿߺǲô˵˵ˣ
ܽҡͷͳ܇ӵң̷ڵȥһзֱʮ˵ڽĸ
׼ȷ˵Ϊ֪ߺͨˣûͨ
Σһʮˣÿ˲ʮǰˣңҲ˼˽ϾһЩ󽫣սڷֱҲǺЧġ

֮󣬸ߺҲǴ죬ҿƽ֣һ𣬰ѺǸѧΩΩФȻβҲˡ
ط֮󣬲һơ
ߺƾ̷ķȥÿ̷ţžͿˡ
һӰ浹ųˣ֣˵ˣܹɹȥһҪͣȥǸطǿĵط
ţôġ֣Ҳ٣Բ𣬶ԲҲȵĽˣǸ˸ɸЦ
ܺ¸ߺƵģߺۣɣ
ϴĴˣǸз۵˲ɥĿŸߺ
ۣĻӣڵķѾǰˣʮУߺۣҺݺݵؽѵһ٣Լġл۷
ң̷Ҳߺʰĺܲң˹ͬݸߺݵ̷Ϊϴ
֮󣬸ߺܽȻҲڵߺ󣬸ߺ˺ȵ
òˣӸߺӦӣ܇
ʵһӣֱȽϴֱ܇һ܇
ߺ󣬰һ䣺׳գ
܇ݵĿν˵܇δˣɱ

ϸߺòŪˣɫЦɣȾƣ
ȴ뵽ȻڼٽݣʱΪɣңҶĹȤ
ߺ̷绹з۹ݳ޵죬ʱѾ˱ס
Ķˣ峿ߺڱĿһ󼱴ٵ𣺡ϴϴ󣬽Ҫȥʹʥ
ߺ򿪷ţǶţߺһЦţ


181 ɱ
ƹʹǰǧǰȴʲôǧˣÿ֮䶼ԡ
ǵȴʵټЩǣҲȫԵģߺһֱվԭأĿɫȻ
͸ߺɫͬĻмߣվǱĿߺǣԻᾪȣΪǵʵѾЩܶˡ
ÿ˶ǻصΪβиߺ漸޵еĴˡ
ߺҲпԣƹ֮Уܶཫ춼ԼЩħ˵սϤˣⱻǷ֡
Ǵսߺʹ˱⣬һߺʮֵģϾôԶʱҲûоʲô
ʹоˣҲ֪ʲô⡣
ǱˣϾ̫ˣеˣǾԲǵġ
ڻӰɣߺ͸ʹˣӰʹһ£ӰεĻ̫ˡ
һߺʵνʮ˾ţټϣߺԲʹȫս׻ܻأǼֱеš
ƹԸ˵˽⣬Ͷ
Ум˺ʮ˽⣬ߺԲǻȥġ
У܇֮һ̷ͷȻԸߺҲ˽⣬ڶԸߺ˵Ļƴӡ
Ҹߺһ·ĽԼʵʵ޵չֳˣҲеȡ
ʥּλʥڸλŵʱһѼɤ˻Ƶ
ߺ۾¶һ˿Ц
ʵôүûʶһ°ɣţߺ˳˹š
ߺξʹԶƹĹҲЩߡ
ߺɴδʹոսȥ㱻ʹݳ޾ˡ
˵ռߺһСʱߵ֮ǰ
ţ֮鷿ãʵ۵ĺǾסĵطŮסĵطŮ̫ȣһЩδ֪صĶ
˵ʹռƹʶһء
㹻ǧˣǲ˵е˶ԽãֻһЩλԽȥʥ
ЩΪͽͣôô׾ͱŽã˵һλʵǺѵġ
ǿαȡúõΣȻһҲֻ档
УЩǾԲԱŵģƹķڰĴڣһѾĪĶˣôüأ
ߺڳȺ򣬶ǰǰڷһΡ
һĿ˥̫ţԱһǸˡ
ÿһˣһ֮վ̫ǰ¼Ȼ޵λȷ
ݣ̫೶ŹѼɤӣǽе
ߺ˳ĿǸ̫ࡣ
Ǹ̫࿴˸ߺһۣСӣţ볯ʥ
ߺ󣬶˵˽ȥ
ȥ˲䣬ߺоԼ·˽Ǯ磬ƽɳɵӣһĵ棬ÿ϶ޡ
ߺ˵ʲôޣΪߺһУûޣֻ޺ɻЩơ
ǣЩͬɻ׳ޣĿ
ߺ־Ͽɻޣ״ͷʨӣ磬ƣֻУתƿֵͷ­ʳֵꡣ
Ŀͷ֮ŵĿ˵ĿΪ
ɻƿһЩõĴڣɻ޷깥ͽ
ûˣ˵ΪľͶ֪ˣʶĿ߶ˡ
ʵߺֻ½ûɻˣΨһһֻǱħΪ
˵ħСģѻǶɻ޵İ
Ȼʹ֮ҲǷˡ
Ժ󣬻ɻ޾ʧӰ٣½֮ˣҲû˿ɻ޵Ӱ
ɻ޵Ŀʱ¼ģ˵ֻ깥ͷпհһϢ
֮ս˲Ϣ䣬߱㲻׷ˣӴɻ޵һγҲһγˡ
ȻЩɻޣǲǣΪȱҪĵĿ
ڸ߸ߵĻλһˣۣ֮ǲ֪ޣѩ׵ͷһƽƳɵͷס
ŵųѥȻˣ˫Ŀ񣬴𵶵ڻλϣӸߺ˫б⣬ƹʵۡƷ
ݼ£ߺֻ΢΢һǷվˣ˫Ŀ֮ûзκβôĿŻʵۡ
󵨣һʣϿ¹򣬸ߺ꣬Ѳ֮˾ˣȥնˣ
һٵˣվǰ棬ۣͷڣ˿ʮֵȡ
Ӧþƹة˰ɣ֪ΪҪƱΪ꣬һֻв߲ڵı»ûеǸʵߺ˿ûп־壬Ķ˵
㣡ôĵӣˡ
»δ˵κλǰҷͣѲıɣƹɽةĻĳ޺
Ǹϼһ˵꣬ߺһȥǸة౻ؿڼ
ߺЦҶһĳֲýôˣûʵۣô񣬲֪Ϊʵһ㷴Ӧûأ
ߺɻĿһƷǸʮѵƹʵֻԺһЦ
ة࣡ˣ˿˵öԣڻǲߣûбƺʸ񣡡
Ǳ£ˡҽҶƹĹԱµ¿ɼǸæ¡
ˣȥɣҽ컹Ҫأ䳡ټϣܻʤΪһʶĳƷ˵źʮ۵ҡҡ֣ڻλϡ
ߺӽةԱ߹Ĺ˵Լƹɣ¿ɼүʱ򣡡
ᣬֻиߺ뽭ةõ
ߺ˵֮󣬱ﳤȥ˻ʹ
ߺǱеıȽģЩĹǵһˡ
̷磬ۣȻȥˣˣ󣬸ߺ̷ͷ˵ľ֮ɫ
һĻǰʿУǸʿһԭҲ󱲣ҵةˣֱһҪة࣬ة࿪һ£
ߺ߳ʹƵ˼Ҵҵˡ
һĻ܇˸ţ߷Ƿƹϰ
ûһ܇ҲƷʱ˷ܣȻ֪һӽ
վ·ϣ܇ǼΪ˷ܣڶдżɫӰ
콭ة༫Ϊʶӣ˵ӣ̫ˣñӺúýѵһԼĹ񣡡
һţᲢۣ
αȡʤȢع

ŶһţǱү뿴һˣʱ洫һ䳹ǡ
ԱߵݶվһˣףüĿһϯ£бһ
Ǳʶ㣬սϼ㣬˰ʶˡ
˭ʲôʸ񡭡܇ŸߺЩŭ
ո˵һ룬ݶϵĸߺûʧֳһߺʣһͷ­
ӰΣ
ǹһ˰д̿ͣǸʿȥߺȣߺǵӡ̫ˡ
ƹսоͳֹΡ
һΣߺһ˵ʮ߽׻֣Ȼɱʮ˶ȫˣƹҰܡ
ڶΣƵأ˰
ȻǸߺģǵһˣԶԸߺӡҲǼΪ̡
ߣߺתܣ˲ûӰ


182 ӿ
ƹʶߺһδɱŪûʿջΧĿץߺǣôŬҲץߺ
ΪڵĿꡪߺվ֮أƾߺٶȣӡ
ϾվʹҲ̫ԶԸߺҲ̫
֮󣬸ߺϣžϸĿ˼飬δʲôĵ˵ͷ
СӣոհɱСӣΪʲôȥҪңһ˲ȫɱҲû⣡ƵԱֹ
ߺһվӣһε˵Դ̫ϳϰҲһΣβҪɱЩαĹھ
ΪʲôҪɱ܇ҲǷһ
ɱֻΪ֪̫ˣ֣һ˵ţƵգһۡ
ߺŵңֵĻ̫󣬺ױԷĺǿ߷֣ˣȹҵĺ߶⣬ĻҲ⣿
ߺƵദľˣƵȻƢ󣬵ֻҪ˵ŷҲ


ߺ˵ţһ󼱴ٵ
Ƶصվ̷ͷۣ
֣վʱѾŶˡ
ϴϴ܇ˣһųƱһɱˣ˵̷硣
̷܇֮鵱Ȼһ
ʲôʲôô֪ģߺװʵ
Żش𣺡ƹһʿҵģ˵һ˶ɱʮߣһʱҶЩˡ
ϻֱҵż񣬳ϴ֮⣬ľˣ̷ġ
ߺ
ߺûдھͷɱ󣬸ߺͽ˸ϳӣɱˣȴˡ
Ҳƹʳرͷǻʳر֮ꡣ
֮һˣͷɫĳ˫΢У©
ݣ֮˵ˣ
ߺ߳Ҿǣкָ̣
֮˫˲ϬУߺ˫ۡ
Ƶ˲ڸߺԣסĿ⣬ɳƵĵ۷壡
ѸߺߺҲ֪ƹԪ˧ΪȴֻΪһرʲô֮
ٸ׽㣬ƹ֮ʱǲɱһ֮꣡һӣֹ˸ߺ˵
ߺһ㶣ϸ룺ţɱһˣôʲô𣿡
ѵĵܵܣСӣģȲΪ㣬ڣˣȻƹ֮Уɥ֮ʱ
вҼҹӣǾͱҵȲˣƵ߳ĿŶ֮ꡣ
ƵװʱͽԼΪѹ͵أߺ̾Ϊֹ׷Ƶô쵽ġ
ʱƵֻصЦЦʱܣʵ̶ȣȻͿ԰쵽ˣ
˷ı鿴ߺȷ϶Ҳոá
ߺֻһЦԼȻԱӡһΪһЧΨһͬǣƵصʵʱ⿪ߺҪ⡣
㻹ҵĶ֣ڱ֮ǰݱܳȥ벽֮󣬱ҵ˴ȴԽ
˵֮꣬Ҳתߣ󱳴ߵĺʿ߳ʮˣػڸߺǰ
ߵʿǷͬСɣÿһ˶ǻصΪһ㶼ǻģǻǾԲܽʶԤġ
ߣǻµģʼԤصģǼ뵽ʹڸ֡
ҲǹһʱӲ¶棬Ҳֻһ˵ģһǶӡ
ԣոոߺ˵֮Ƿʲô֮
ߺף֮ΪǸ˱𣬱ضҪԼأ
ԴһЩԼԼߡ
ڸߺܳΪ֮ǾԲŵģϾڸߺΪǻأƹ֮ڣңʼңսڶһһ
֮Уɫ˲Ųα䣬лصߣһССĻжΪ
ԣڶ֮Уߺɣ˵ߺװݱɡ
ǣڵĸߺݣǸߺʵȻأһ㻯صûʲôвԡ
ңߺŻеĸ֣μӱᡣ
ңӣߺǾԵвģҪμӣ򲻿ܵģǻûô¼
ͶͱŮԲЩŮ󲿷ֶǳ㡣
ôԶأ
¸ô죡֣֮æĻոǲˣϾΪ̫֮ͣĽĸ߼һоͷˡ
ߺһЦΪΪǿЦ֣գ棬Ҵǣȥˣ
֣յ˵ͷǸð취˵æʱĽװð棬Ȼܹģκһˣһˣϧߺ
д˻ᣬȻܾ
ߺװ֮󣬱㻺߳ӣոտţλεͼڸߺĲ֮ϡ
˭
үǣߺѧǵ˵ʽһһ۵˵
ȥģ
ү˵Ҫȥһ½ױ֮ã
߰ɣ
ǲһ仰ֻ˵֣ߺ̲סʵһʼڣߺֻ˵ˡ


ߺ߳վѰҵһȽϡٵĺͬһʧںͬڡ
ںͬ棬ߺһȽεĵطһǰĴָóһ׻·
·ݰ·е·
·ߺһתʧںͬ
ƹվŲԶ¥һЩӸ̲סˣȥǿһЩǳȥ
ߺȥǸط
ߺ˽ȥ˫ֵѰҴеĿꡣ
܇ļ܇ɱˣȫɢˣҲһӲǻȥҲһ
ԣɴ˸ߺˣɱЩǶԼв

һ
ߺҵĿ꣬ƹĽصΪһʱ䣬̷һν
ʲô飬ǵøˣԲŷֿ
ǣ˽⣬һԭݱȽ̡
һѾˣ˵ȫˡ
ߺкһ建ߣֲһ£ӿ˲Ǹ˵塣
һֱͦͦȥ
ҵĲɿʱ򣬸ߺȴŵ߳˼΢Цһ
ת䣬ʧ¥ſڣֻ»ҵ¥ϵسʿ̲顣

죬ƹϵиμӱÿ֮󣬶ʿȥ̲飬ߺӰӶû
ȻǿߺӰӣһЩ˶֪ǸߺģССİȻвʮ
ϣվ
СӣУȻñɱ˶ʮˣرɭϵƹʶУ
ߺۣ˵ֻɱˣĲģ
ʲô˭
Ҳ֪ڵƹˮߺ˵꣬׹գЦϣķչ˼һЩ


183 俪ʼ
һʱ䣬ߺĴƹʶ˲֪Ͼ涼˸ߺĻ
ߺĻĿߣһЩƹսʿģӵҲмơ
ڶ峿ߺ˹һ󼱴ٵ𣺡ݣϿˣ
ߺ˫ۣӶĿ
ţߺĴӦһޱ˳һĿĵȥ
ĺǸǼʳرںŸߺΨֽߺˡ

α䳡ڻʹ֮УԸߺһνʹ
ǰһƬյأƹƷڼãһ̨̨쵽̨֮ǰ
Ǹ̨֮λмǸɫƹʵƷ棬ϱ
ƷľӣƷСһ
һ࣬һòŮӣħģһͷںڵ㷢ɢݱһƬɴţʹ˿ݡ
ֻ¶Ƥ˫˵۾̲סҪϧ
ߺ룬Ӧþƹα׵ĹҲƷСһŮ
ĶһƷһ͵ߣ߰׵ͷһɶʮ࣬һڰ׵·˿ʮֵء
ߺʱƷ̸ʲô̸Ц価Դҷȡ
϶һˣߺ뵽
ȻߺϣڸߺԱ˶Դ˵˽Աȸߺࡣ
ѵƹһ˫ӥ
ˣŴѾ龳ʮˣ֪Ϊû
УʲôṦߣƹ֮лûһܱȵģ
ߺû뵽ƹĴڣﵽ龳ʮˣô˵ҲǺһ۷塣
ΪԿһɣǼеһġ
Ҫ˵ﵽ龳ʮˣǸոմﵽ龳£
ʱһе˶̨ͣϵ˫ӥƷﶼͣΪţ俪ʼˡ
ȿȣλǰƹӢܣƹة࣡ȣҪƹӭǣʱڸ̨֮һֱվƷԱߵĽةվ˳
ةˣ
ܲμƹıףҵȵң

ַнةĻӸ˵ĿðΨˣԹۣκӦ
ߺУЦѣʱɥ֮ʱ
⣬˵ͷлλƹı£ʹ˵仰
ƷΪһ֮ȻվϺͰһЦλƹονȺӢۼǿιټҪΪŮѡ

Ȼ˵˲ٻ˼ǣΪѡʤ߱Ժ͹ΪƷĳ
ߺεҡҡͷΪŮıԶҲûȨѡԼҸ
뵽⣬ߺԼ߽˵İ֮˾һڱȼ޵۹
뵽֮ߺͬĿ˿̨ϵǸ
ʱƷķϻ˵ˣ˵⡣
ΣΪαĹƽ˺ųƹһֵ˫ӥƽ˾֪У˵ɣ
ûеȴ˵˫ӥվһ̤ڶͳڱ̨֮ϡ
ʲô˵ṦȻƵصȻų֮̋ϵ˫ӥһ
ôˡߺʵ
ߺ˺ܶ䣬ƵزŷӦߺ˵ٶȣǺصٶȣҪʩչ¶ˣ
ʲôô˵ʵǺֲܿƵصʵߺ۵üÿһѿռ䡣
ңٶҲǼ죬ߺ֮ʮҲһܹ׽Ƶصһ˿Ӱ
ƵĻսʱֻܿռѷ죬һ˿½Ƕ
ȻƵ˫ӥƵؿ޲ѣʵ֪
ߺı飬ƵصȻ֪ʲô
Ṧʵ䣬ȻṦޱȣʵ̫ǿӦֻǺصӣֻͨĺأƵΪߺ͵
ߺȻ˫ӥרṦƻ
λұһɢˣɱ²αĲУ˵ͷǰκСҪؾصı䣬ȻĻҿɾͲˡ
ţ˫ӥ˱Ĺ򣬴ǣ±̨Ϊ䣬öȡʸʣµľûʲôˡ
ڽţǱ˳
̫֣ѡԼţߺЩ٣βһˣֻĻ֪ⳡȵȥ
£лҪ˵ʱһվĿ̨ϵĹ˵
Ʒһ漴΢Цŵԭս洫ӡ塣ʲôֱ˵ˣ
䵭̫ˣ¾ã󲿷ֶǷѡ񼸸߽ޣ˭Ӯ˭Դǣ֮ڽб䣡
Ʒ˵ͷ⵹ǲʧΪһð취ôѡأ
ȻһЦ򵥣ǰѡ漸ΪߵĲͰˣ
ΪΣƷĿת˫ӥѯʵ
Ͼ˫ӥǺߣҺпǺء
ҪСһصĲ࣬ʵкܴĲ࣬ο˫ӥṦΪ߾ɼһ𣬼ʹƹҲҶ˫ӥ˿֮ġ
˫ӥ΢Цŵ˵ͷսڵ洫ӣû뵽ôţͷûģ
ȺվˣӦöսڵӡ
ȻֻǼվ󣺡ҵȶͬʦֵ
սڶдģҿкξ壡ȺУ߳ˣǰ֮š
ƹˣڻʼңϲͨ飬ǲ˵ġ
ʼû˲μӣû˲μӡ
ҽҲմָ֣˭棡
һ޳ӰֱӴȺԽ̨ϣнһתֿٵץסһĨڹʡ
򱻽ھѹ£ڱ̨֮ϣѡ
䣬⡭ƷЩԣԼвϣҲ¡
ңҵޱȣһֽȫ˵ʵڽңڵļҲǽϵء
ңΪҲǻأʵȻؾ磬һĪĽʹضֵܴʲôá
˵ЩУΪߵ֮һʵϣõһġ
ҪȻϵǼةһְڻʱĸ׵Ρ
ةװλ֣̿æ£΢Ĳ֪ô£󣡻ϿϷ£
£ĽѾãƱطȢǽԼϼ£ҪͷԸеΣ
һǷеζе
ˣƷҲ˵Щʲôˣ˵κ˶Уͬ⣬ԵԼ̫Сˡ
޾ʶѣϣɣƷ΢Ц˵꣬Ǳ㲻˵ˡ
̨һаˡ
ΪߣҲİλ˧ˡ
ң
սڣ壬£Ǯϲ
ң磬ס
ƹ
ƹΰ
⼸Ϊǻأʮָ߾ˡ
߸һϰɣһɨˣм˵
ߺȣ


184 Īĵ
ȻһҪ߸˶սȥ˵Ŀⶼ̨ϣƷԴµĿ
ƷﻹһЦݣ΢ЦſŽû뵽ģǺãǼ˾ͺһ°ɣ
꣬Щ˷߷߲ƽԾϱֱ̨óԼ
̫ԴˣȻҪǼһ䣡
ûȻǻߣ߸ǻأαذܣ

Ц󱲣ǾֻǷŴһϰɣҪƵˣ
ɶ񣬽аɣ
ɱ
һɱУǵΪɱ˽ʧȥʸ񣬱ϾҲû˵һ
һʱ̨ݺᣬɱ硣
ǿĹ򽭳Ϲȥû뵽ֻ΢΢һЦ󱲣ǿʲôʵ
ɫһתںڵĽͿ·оͷ׷ױƣ˵ȥ
˶סˣʲôʽûʲôֻһӽԼȻʧˡ
ߺɫЩأٶȿԼİνᲢˡ
ааһЦʣ˻ûзӦгһתȻʧˡ
Ȼ󣬽սʣվǣѾսʤ߳ˣչʾһ˰ɣ
˻˵ʲǫ̂ϻˣΪʲôƫƫ˵ԼѾʤˣ
Ҳף˵ͻȻѿѪӿľʬ䵱ء

˴ԼһӣȻ
һôô죬ƹһ
˵
ɱƹ֮꣬ɱʮߣ˵Ծ֮ʱɱÿζֻһ
ûȻ߾Ȼûһܿ·ʵѷߣԱ֮ΪÿɱԺ׷Ӷɱ
ߺַסԼ°ͣ뵽֪ĹԼİνȣǿ

󣬿Ҳһ˼˱䣬Ȼûнѡ񼸸صߣҲˣÿһ˶ǻء
ҲʮֵȻûнٶô죬ÿƶɱһˣƣߵȫ
սڵӣߺδս֮˽Ӵԣսڼ˵սʮġ
սڼսһϸսڵսʽҲһЩ˽⡣
ս֮ˣȻÿһ˶Ǻս֮ˣʦֵͬʱϳ
СʦǮϲϳ֮۹ⲻɨ濴ȥ磬ףǵʵһɣ
֮ȴǴûսҺ֪ǵսʽսĿأڴ
ʦ֣壺ɱԭһֱʢĹɱԭ㣬Һսˣ
˻еĽôҴһɣ
Ҿ˼ôûȤһս
ɲսӵܣսңûսʤ壬ȻڲҰܣûаٷְٳɹ飬
趷壬һսˣʱɣ㿴ôⰭۣȽǴΣ
һսҲеУǿսɣ
վ˳΢΢𣺡ǲҰɣһȺΪжأ
˵ʲô
̫ԴˣҪһɫ
µĻʣļ˼ŭˣһ±ԣš
սһʱ˫ӥ˵ˣˣǱ䣬ǵս˭Ҫ֣ݹϷ򲻿ˣ
˵ţ˫ӥϱǿѹѹڳ󲿷˶
ãԸļٲʶȤĻҵĻǱɣ
Ҳһ
ս˾Ȼʼв˵ţ۹ܵȺȥбĿ⡣

⡭
˶˳˼Ƕʮִɫ뽫֮Ӯ֡
ǣֻȴѡһϾܶ˵Ϊߣлؾˡ
̷磬Ϊֻǻأȥ֮ǾֱͲˡ
̷磬ۣҪμαˣα̫Σˣ˵Ҫڳɥ
ߺ̷ͷ˵˵ίˣʵϣϳ֮󣬱ضǿܣ
ðɣͬ˳ϴڣضϴģ̷νİ˰֡
ͬĵ˵ͷͬ⣬͵ģܿսͺˣ
ߺ˵ҪȢǺƯȻԲҵĲˣΪ
Ϊʲôߺû˵ĿȴԱߵ֣ա
Դӿ֣֮һֱûתƹԼĿ⣬һֱ̨ϣһ
ߺЩȣ֣յƢļΪ㣬״
˿ߺ֣գĿҲɨȥ
ŶԭǰҲϲûˣ˵ǶޱòΪ˵ݣƷͬģ
̷ɷµ˵Ȼ˵ʵ֪ǲġ

̷˳ǿͷΪµ˶Ծ˳ȥǻʣ¼ˡ
ߺȻ֮һʣµĻмߣǵΪڻغزȡ
һΪ̫ߵˣ˺͸ߺΪǻأһֱֳһȣһģ
˶˳ʣµʮˣһҪ̨ԭġ
ǲģΪֻ˵𣿽Ǳ˵ţߺǸص
ϣȻҵĻѲΪԼսǿҶҪɱǣ
˵ţƾߺһˡ
ߺ侲ĿԼûһ˿ݣǣȴһԼе
ߺͬģʣǸߣһĹһƣΡȻ
ҿǱɵˣɣ²ɱ֮˵ǵ֣˾ȻûҲͣˡ
ߺݣ
Ǹ깫еȴ򿪣ﵭ³ֽ֣ڣ
ΪԼ˧ͿԵõĴҪ֪ʵ磬ֻʵ㣬һλᣬڵϡ䳡
̫߿ԼˣֽЦһͷ޾ɱ⡣
ߺվǣһĿ塣
ȻһαƣȻ̲סˣߺȴڰ·˵סˡ
סһ֮˻ȥ
ݣң˭Ҳϻһվ˳ֱӸߺ˿¶ֳɱ⡣
ǹɵƺߡ
ʶΪʲôһҪսߺĪĵΪĲʶǰˣһ˿ϤĸоûС


185 ǿ֮һ
ʲôҪսߺʵҪԼΰûʲôΪηΰҪָյҪԼսأ
ΰһЦսҲ̫Լ˰ɣʲôʸսҪɱ㣡ֽʬΣ
˵ţ޾ɱ⣬޲һ붼ȴˣ˸ߺ
ʲô𣿡ߺʮ⣬ԷһԼصӣԼӦʶǰɣ
ãҲףƹ֮ʱǲɱһӣΰһ
ߺһ»֮ԼΪ飬û뵽ջ顣
ţɱģΪҾˣڿսˣϰɣ˵꣬ߺһԾ˱̨
ŷΰνĹ˹ָҿνƹŵ׸ߵʲôز
Ƿΰδ֣ҲĸߺԼĻ˵֪ɱǺҵ׵ܵܡ£
룡ߺû˵꣬㲻ͷĹ˹ȥŵĽʣûκλεΰȥ
ɶСӾȻҴҵ̸ΰ˲ͱŭˣгһתߺĽ񵲶ȥ
ΰĳһֳʵĲֻ֮еĿˢˢվΪΡ
ڵ֮ϸи֮ǰȥƵǰЩͭƳɵľ޴ͭ࣬նˢˢĶΪڡ
ʣǸֵڵϣƽ羵档
е˶ȥΨֱΰĵǿûֿ
ûͭƳɵͭ඼綹һ㣬
ȻҲſȴûһЧ
ԣһЩϵҲ׷˺ҪһΰʹԼʵǵĻҲмܲס
е˶һͬı鿴ŸߺǿߺˣΰʵѾﵽصĽ׶ˡ
Ψ֣պƵأȤĿŸߺ뿴ߺҪôΰ
ĸߺİΣߺ̬ɱһĻأһ㣬ſԿȻصߣߺΣա
ǵ֪Լôսˡ
£ôϴ󣬸ϿͶֹɣΰɲǺദģ
ǰڷ˵֣˵˵һֵʮְһУѾﵽصʵˣ
̷ɲ֪ߺʵΪߺϴ±ĵģϵĳ֣գƵع
Ȼһ·ϸߺҲչԼʵǿݡǻߵĶ֡
СúÿͺˣлʲôƵرµʵڲͷˣǶ˺һߺı䡣

д۾ǣΰ⵶ҵײߺĽ֮ϣδеģߺһɡ
Ǳһǿĳܲ˵ķǷΰ
˵ıһΰɫĴӺࡣ
˶ΪΰģֻзΰԼ֪ԼǱģֻҪϿ֪ΪҲˡ
ֻоԼ֪ʧˣ˵޷˵ˡ
ҲԽԽͣϸоΪֹͣתأ
ΪֹΰźڣԼӦдԼһʼ֧Ͳᷢˡ
٣ҲԵһ£ǣѾˣΪѾﲻٶˣѾˡ
ڵʱ򣬸ߺһʹһΰеĳһ±ɡ
ߺʲô˾ӣܵȷΰ֮йƽ
һתڷΰĲѪǲδΪеѪҺѾߺһ󲿷֡
ߺҲûзŹʬ壬̽ţֱ֮ðɫһŰγսʡ
һжڵʯ֮䣬е˷ӦߺĳѾˡ
ڱ뿪ʬ˲䣬ΰʬ岻ô䣬֮ϵѪҺּ
ݻʤ˫ӥҲӦʼգ׷ΰôģȻǱߺɱɱġ
ձĳ̶飬Ǵ󿪴ϣյȽȻݡһˡ
˫ӥû壬οˣҲֻ֣Ƶ
û뵽ȻеͣһҴһҺ֪ôսģ˫һУŸߺ˵
۾֮еսŷбŷս⣬ǮϲҲŷޱȵս⡣
룬ߺ˺Ҳǻصʱ򣬾ս֮
ԻһصΪȻβ׺ս
ߺԼǺս֮ˣֻ⣬Ըӵ侲ˣڻ벻˿Ҿ硣
龳ĺֹһҪ˵β׺ˣԣߺں
⼸˵սӶվ˸ոշΰڵλãߺѾǰѡ֮һˡ
ҲǵһΪѡ˵ߡ
̨ϣƷҲĿŸߺλةɫڸߺϴڵ϶ײʱɱ
ǰʿ˵ԼײˣŵöˣŻվ
ԣŷŹݵģһ˷һţһš
ɫ˲ǸһҪɱ
£΢Щ飬ȥһة۹򵹡
ƷڵעͲϣ˵ֻ΢˻֣ʾߡ
Լةˣֻ̨лʵ۹ɫ·ǾǴԤĹ
Ʒһ֣һǰ£
ж֮ƷԸ
ǣǹӦȥ
ʱڿ˵ˣʲôһֻشŽжŽģ
ƷɫΰǶ֮ǵģǱһһôߣ
֮겻һ͵ˣƷ֮ǰͣ˵Щʲôʱʱǵĸߺ

ۣɲıֹͣˣսֻŸߺս⡣
ûں֣һΪһᣬ͵͵Ųһ
û뵽忴һȭǸ˵ϣ˵˲ķѡ
ϣиոѡ˶ˣɱһееʵһֱʤ
ҲǣһбеС
ƵֶˣɱʤҲ˵ֱ
ûô壬ûɱ֣Ƿϵ˶Է֣ʹ֮Զձ
øߺȵȴǣֽڡ
͸ߺһǻصΪʵȴʮֵĸ߾ߺûаٷְٵİս֮ܡ
սǮϲʱֻֽһָһʹԼϱŷǮϲļ
һѪ֣ǮϲսȴԽԽŨֽڳȥ
ٲʶʱ㡪ֽ˵˵꣬⣬Ǯϲ۾ȥ


186 Ʒ
ǮϲȻˣΨΨŵŵǱǳսȻʧ
е˶סˣʲôֻֽǿһۣȻս֮˴ս⡣
Ƕ֪ս֮ˣݵľսϣҲս
ȴԷһˣֱǲ飬ǣ˵ΪûǮϲߡ
е˶ô£Ψм˵ȴסˡ
ΪģֽڸոеĽԴдʹãȻս֮˵ƢҲսġ
ңӸոּֽ̧俴һͣȴûн֤ûʹȫ
ֻһָͿ˵УֽڵʵǸߵһĳ̶ˡ

ߺƵһۣĬĬص˵һͷǶоˣֽھȻӵ⡣
Ҳ˵ڻأߺһѾ⾳ˡ
˵츳ԲһǿߺѾʼ˷ܵĸоˣΪαûʲôֵԼֵĶ֡
ǣû뵽ȴͻȻһֽڣĶսһȤԼһκսͻ⾳Ǹߺϣ
ǣĶֲ̫ǿˣ̫ˣҪΪ߸ߵѹԼһͷҪǱԼоͽˡ
οֽڣߺһּϲĸо
ߺֽڵʱҲĻһӣޱĽ⣬·ܽһд̴һп͸
һѾˣңߺȷһǽ⡣
û뵽˽ҵļһý֡
ҲȻԷѾʼƣߺȻĬĬܣת
ߺ˫һ˲ɫ˫۱ѩɫ۰ͬɫ˺⡣
·⺮Ⲩͻɱеһжֲס⺮͸һ㣬ܽһĺ⡣
뺮ײһ𣬽ⲻϵǰ͸·Ҫƿߺĺ⡣
ߺĺȴϵĽ֯Ž⣬ǽⲻϵıҲûȫס⣬ԽԽ·Ҫ͸ˡ

ڣһ΢ߺֽͬʱȥ˫۽ա
ֽǱߵı̨żѺۣǽⱻⶳ֮󣬻СɵĽڵɵ˺
۸ߺߣǱȽۣƬƬѩڿƮ䣬ͬѩһ㡣
ѩ䵽ϣһĵطγһССı㡣ߺĺҲԷĽȫˡ
һΣ˵ĵһ̽˸൱ûʤ
ֽԼ˫ۣ΢΢һЦҺڴһս
һϣʱ㲻Ҫ飡ߺҲ۾΢΢̡
ֽû˵ĬĬĵ˵ͷתǮϲλãվ
ߺҲվȴǾκˣֽδ̫ˣֱڣоԼ˫ۻ΢΢ĴʹֽڵĽ¡
ֽڵľȲڸߺ֮£û뵽ƹСطţȻ˵ң
˫ҲܣЩ΢أʹľĸо

ⷢһУ˶У˵ʵǾȣǼʡ
ͶӦöʮңʵȴû˵ڽ֮¡
ڣϣķǽǸߺֽڵ˧ˡ
Сӣ֣սڵҰҿ㲻ܻ߳ƹˣ
ѯԼʦܣֽͬӸµĶֽ˵
ǣֽûôõƢ죬ֻ³һ֣
СӣģСһҪңҪʬΣ˵գԼʦﳤȥ
ֻֽһ
㡭ֵ¼°ɣ˵գ㲻ԷˣԼĵطȥ
ˣǿֻʣ½壬£磬ףߺֽڡ
Ǹ̫ˣԤʼŸߺվֽڱߺǰսһԸȴˡ
Ǽδߺ˴վǻʹڡ
ȻˣƵϷŹ̽飬ڲ֪ʧˣʹĵط̽ȥ
ԤֵʱѾƵصӰˣߺֻ˵ȻȥˣԤȻţΪһصߣڻʹм粽С
ߺ˺ܳʱ䣬һûʵĹڹ֮Уһ۵ǣ΢ЦĿŸߺ
˲ǱˣƹʵƷ
Աʮصߣ֮ҲС
һĻߺһݣѲѾʶԼݣӦòɣ
ݰݼ£ߺ΢΢һǷδκδ
Ʒ΢Цŵͷţãû뵽ȻӢҺܿ㣡ϣȡαʤ
л¿佱ߺɲɫҪϼһҪʲô
Ʒͣһ£Ȼ˵ϣȡʤ֮󣬾ʹ޵Ůعл񣡡
Ȼ
ˣЩˣȥϢɣƷ˰֣ԸԱߵԤ
ߺ߳ʱƷԱߵĶ֮ôܿǷˣ
֮æش𣺡΢Ĳ֪ӴļοӦòˣ
û뵽ΰоȻôһҲǿģˣǾϣˣ
Ըѡ˲
Ʒ˰֣ɾ⣿ǿ߶ǣοΰҲһǽĶ֣
֮ͬĵ˵ͷ֮ǰ˭뵽ƹһʱĹɱǽأ
ˣ˵ˣֽɣҲҪʵҲǷͬһ㣬ٲ֮£
ǣ

ߺ߳ʹվȥ
ʱŹȥһʱƵڷˣߺסĵطƿ˽ȥ
ϣôˣߺϽʵ
Ƶҡҡͷʹ̫󣬾Ƿ̫ˣܰ£ֻ˰ʹ±Ƿ֣ͷˣ
û飿
ĵط󹬣ûѰ
ߺǸطǻʵӴĵطͲò˰ɣ
Ҳԣʱǰ죬ֲ˯
ߺް㵽׻ûвң
һЩȽεĵطرȽɭϵĵطƼҼĵطȵȣ
ߺ˵ͷǸطȷرȽɭϣҪң𣿡
Ƶص˵ͷţҿߵĿ죬Ȼͱˣ
磬е£㡭ܲܰңʱһ·϶δ˵֣ͻȻڵ
ʲôֱ˵ˣߺֵĿ֣գ֣Ϊʲô
֣ƮһҪӮʱֻҪһͺˣ𣿡
㲻ǰ˰ɣԴͿʼԾһֱ⸱Ҫӣߺ٩
û뵽֣ĵ˵ͷûԴǰҾͰˣǣʱͻ𡭡һȺʵǿĲʿˣ˵ԺҲҼ


187 
ԭȻر֣һŮӣʣģ񣬶һģһΨһľòˡ
֣ţһǸŮǸԼðգమŮ
ߺ룺ǼˣһƼҵˡ
ߺ˵ͷΪֵҸαұҪȡʤ
֣վлл磡
ֵ֮䣬ô໰˵һܰýȢƹأˣȥ˯ɣߺ֣յļȥתڴϡ
֣ȴεҡҡͷҲڴܹȢϾΪƹܿһ۾ˣ
ߺ˫۽ղֵܣҪôԱ֣ҲҪ߸½ңΪ֮ȥӭȢʲôԸأ
֣ջ˵ЩʲôƵ˹СӣҾǳС˵ûӦøѧѧ
߳ߺӣԼķȥ
֣ҲεҡҡͷƵأ򷿼ȥ
ߺүͬͬһסһ䷿ӣ֣Ƶסһ䷿ӡ

ڶ죬УһȣһЩߣȴһЩƹĹԱһЩս
˶кĵģЩûߵĲ߶֪λΪһӵܵս˭ʤһ
ⳡıӵľʣΪʲôΪֻССֶѡ
αͬʵȫǻصĸ֣һעһ֮ս
һҹȥ䳡Ȼ˺ܴת䣬ڱ̨ԶԱ˼С̨ӣϸһĸöӦŰǿһ
Ȼĸ̨ӴĲ̫ãȻǴҴҴģÿ̨Ӷúľġ
ֺľȻ̫̣ʮֵİ󣬶һЩǮ˲õݳƷ
ԴӼƷ֮󣬶֮ҲûǲʲôӸߺȻѾɱߺ֮ġ
ϾߺʵĿãһԼķΰ˵ʵαȡһóɼ
ȡõһҲǲܵģʱƹδпڸߺˡ
䳡֮ڵı䳡һЩԱ˰ΧţҲ뿴˭ƹҵĳ
ΣƷﵹûг˫ӥԼֱӳ档
һ˵ı䳡ϣͻȻһӰƽ˿һᱻͬһҲֻʵﵽһĳ̶ȲſԿһߡ
ǣʹܹΣ۾һ˿ߣҲٶȡ
Ǻã˫ӥҸӣΪˮ޺ۣⳡ䣬Ǻã
洫һеĹŴã
˫ӥƹʮֵĴƹһṦ˵ãˮ޺۵˼ǣʹˮ߶κκۼ
һֿŵ˵Ҳ֤˫ӥṦ̤ˮ޺ۡ
˫ӥķӦĵ˵ͷãǰλߣһλ
ߺȰϳˣÿһϳб¡صĽһ£ŵĽгţûŵǱ¡صĽһ¼塣
ǰ˸꿡ܣǱףʵǲпģֻ֮ĸпǸλãʤΪڣ˵ֿʼ䣡
˫ӥأҲӵĿһܵˣ鲻תʲô
ʦֵˣǲϵĿֽڣԼս֮˶ӣȻŹˡ
ֵܣӵĿԱ߼ˣǾԿұɫʹһɷϢ
򶨵ȴĪڸߺֽڶˣʼԭرĿ񣬵ȴŽ̨֣䡣
ûøߺ˵ȴ೤ʱ䣬˫ӥͿʼˡ
һ飬ս£
䣬Ӱһڱ̨м䡣
ս죺ɱԺǹǶɱҪĸˣӦøĳɱɱ
˫΢΢һУҲɣûԶ֪жǿ󣡷ϻ˵һذܣ
ǹţÿγ֣ܶԷǿֻһһɱɱ
ҲһһһУǰѺڽ
Ҳһһ͵׳У½Ǹ״ԼϣһоȻ
ûʲôһֱĿЩһֱ׼ϣҲֻűûκ׼
һо֮󣬽Ųڣô׼𣿡
ȻͲɱˣһЦȲ򽭳ȥ
ڰ·ϣƣ򽭳ؿӡȥһ·ϴŰƾ̫ǿˡ
ߺţһɱһĻع
ͬʱҲ֧Դ֧ȫҲ˽һı֤Ҳ͸ɵ򽭳ȥ
ţʹһҲ޷ƿԼĻ
ǣһ⣬ڽɱЩصĶʱĽǺƿǵĻһеС
Ȼֻ΢΢һЦѸٵİϣȻתٳһڹе˶֪ǱʲôĽ·
ɫĽеĽѾػؽˣµǰȥֻ֮ǰͬǣһ˿Ҳûˡ
Ȼ󣬽ȻҲֱ̨ܵȥһС̨ȥ˷ӦһԾС̨ӡ
ʤţ˫ӥͿʼ
ʲôʤ²ûΪʲô˵Ѿˣ
һдģ˵ʤһɣ

ոأµֱͦͦĵȥĲ֮ϣԵһѪۡ
л˷ܣΪԼѾʤˡ
ʲôû뵽ʹս֮ˣҲɱһˣɱ֮֮
ԣµĻĽ·û˿Կ壬һ赲޷赲ǽ޷壡

һʱ䣬˵硣˼ǽǶôαʤ߱
ߺһĻ۵ףžԼԶֽô֣Ƕý֣ΪΣ
ֽĿ˸ߺһۣδö˵̬ȶԴߺߣѣƫ棡
˻ѵĴ
ֽһĽ׷һеУҲһɱֻҪסһҲڣԲʽ
ҡӦòֹĴͬɣ
ֽڵ˫ֱӸߺ֮䱬ս⡣
ߺ΢΢𣺡Ȼ㻹˽ҵģ
˽̸ϣΨʸҶֵģҲֻˣ
ߺתͷǾͱ֤Ҫǰ϶ԷɣǵսҪΣ
ԸֻҪʱҽһκս
ִ˴ǰΪ˼ˣ
ֲҲһ
֪У˾ȻЭ顣
һ飬׶ս
һ¡²ֻЩ˵ɣҲЩ֪˵˵
һˣȻҪǲ֪ԼＸе˶Դȥ


188 ֽڵʵ
һ£ղ˵ʱҸ֣ҡߺ΢ЦĿֽ˵һ룬ȴ
ո̫עؿսˣȻԼݵˣղ˵ʱԼʶĻ˼仰
ô֪Ҳݵģô֪ҾǸߺģ˭ʲô
һڸߺڸߺ㶵ʱֽжˡ
ֽһڿնȵ̨ϣԹԵ˵콭ʲôţ
ͷֽھָѾ̨ϵĽʵ
˶ЦǾ½ƹӰЦͨ졣
ֻ̨µƵ⣬ȻѾװˣëɸĲˡ
ۣЦϷˣСӣܶϷθڣҲʶ㻹Щʲô֪
ߺͷߣʲôýΪʲôȴôԺĶԱ˵
½λʲôֱᣬǱһ̨֮ϵĽվɫ˵
ֽæ֣ûУûУ
ߣֻһսĶû𣿡
Ȼǣôɱ㣬Ϊֿļһź棡˵ţֽĿ⿪ʼתߺ
ʲô
ͬһ仰е˶ЦֽҲ̫˼ˣȻü˵ˣ˭ס˭ˡ
ǣߺȴôЦֽ֪֪ԼʵʵǸߺڽʲô֡
ߺֻԼͷƤ飬ֽڵʲôôὫԼʶƵģߺţԼ⼸ĺ񣬼û¶һ
Դڼתǿȴ£ݣ
ŶҶǺ棬ʲô츳ȻֻܣȫʵҲǸǵľҶûܹӮ㣡
ҡֽںȻֱӸߺɱأȻôɣһɱˣ
ߺȻһֿܣԼЩֻ¶һһһΣԷֵԼǸҲһֽڡ
Ҳֵ֪ʵѾʲôĳ̶ȣȻôʱҾȻûз㣡
ߺ΢΢𣬵˵
Ҫǲ׵һΪǺϤأֻ֪˵Ļʲô˼
ҾȽ⼸۵ļһǺúõĴһ
д⣡

˵ֽ꣬ڱ㲻ߺ˫ӥôǰһ˵Ǽˣûɣ
׾ٵľͽǿҼֲͬƽ飡˫ӥԴǵ˵
ѵƹĹƽֻǵĹܽ˵ĵǵѲֽ˵ľͲ𣿡ֽɫȻ
˫ӥɫ˲˵ˣݲԵ޹ʵĽ
ˣȻƹĽݾմ֣ߺ˵ţһ̨ϡ
һһսɣ
ߺ˵ţʶڵϣ˫΢أǴݡ
֣ɣ磬һϰɣ˵ţһֵĶ
ΪԼ޵ˣǮϲֻ˰ˣѵһ㣡Ͼӵܣֽһ˵Щܲˡ
˵ţ˫ƣֽȥƾˣԱľɵ̨֨֨ѽѽֱ죬ѵĺۼ
˫ƵƷ̫ǿˣ̨֧ŲסһľͷƷԶ
˶׷׳֣ԼľͷƬҲһЩˣľͷƷ˵
ΨнڵǸ̨ӣƷȥʱ򣬽ʣǳԼƷ롣
֪Ϊʤ𣿡ֽһǿտҲκα
ƣָɽתָ֮ɫĽâ²ǰǲֵĿþòϡ
ߺ˵ͷһѾˣԼͬһһ⾳
ƵҲ˵ͷЩϧĵƮˣٹ꣬ңߺδƮڱضеٮٮ߰
֪ߺȻѾ⾳ʱѾȵԸˣֳһԻͻƵģֱǲ
ƵҲֽţضѾЩ߼ռˣȻֽ֪ڵڵӣһƮ޷ġ
˫ӥ˫һУе˼ҺӦɣ
ֽߺԾһз̫ͻȻҲʮΣ˫ӥûио죬ֽĳˣļʶȻܹоֽѾˡ
ֲС˿ԭкֵģȷпʸڳ֮ûһĶ֣˫ӥ̾ԼǲǵʲôǵĴˣ
棬ֻֽһһ޿ɱɫ磬ŰĽ⽫һ·еĶնˣ
ǿΪ룬ƷϣֻӴ絶ͬжһ㣬˲仮ˡ
⴩壬ɫȻȻԼ۾Լһ롣
͸оһƬڰʲôоġ
ʵУˤ˵ϣˤѪԭѾг룬ʮֵ룬ͬк۱ʹһ㡣
Ͻһϣ
ֽڱ˻ǸƣֻĬĬ⼸֡
һˣҲһɱǣ˵ţֽڽָٴγһ²ɫ⡣
Ĺâ֮⣬ȻȻȴľսûиҿ뷨
޷ǣһȫԼĻһͬƿֱ嶼Ρ
壬ֵܿ׶ǰС
ں£ڿ־壬ԼֽڵһĿ꣬־Լ³ȥĿһ㡣
µΣ̨ϣɵһ㣬ֽڣʵеΪ
ԼЩڽϴĹţͺСĹҼƵģڶԷоǸЦ
ŬҡҡͷֽڵӰ˦ԼԺ
˦ͷ֮䣬ȻһӰһֱ˫΢أ̬Ȼĸߺ
֮ǿӦûôǿɣЩ˷ܣһֻҪԼͿ˳ĳΪڶˣʱֽڱԵʱֱ䲻Ͱˣ
뵽ǰɣɸһս
ߺ˲˫ۣ˵ʲô
ô𣿲ҵĻӮˣһؼҳȥɣСⳡʤˣݰˣ
һԽ˵Խ֣˵󣬾ȻѾʼսˡ
׵ǺڲǺԼΪʲôһߺҰ޸ߺôô£վô۵Ľ䡣
ң̾Ϣãǣʵ
Ҳǰ⣬ҿԼãȿߺ
ߺһ£ˣȷҪս
ʲô㻹Ҫ⻹Ҫ𣿡Щȣû뵽
Ҹոտû䣬Ҳ̫ˣұȱĽ˭죿˵ţߺٽָŽ


189 ܽ
վ̨ϣЩ벻ͷû뵽ߺ˵Ĳʶ̧٣ȻԼս
δ̫ԼˣʵԶұȽ٣̫ˣ˵ţԾûжֵ˼
ߺεʼ磺㻹սɣվҿűŤ
˵ţߺһʹڿն𣺡ȥ
˵ţߺָڻ֮ϣָʹߺһסݺݵ»ȥ
һݺᣬ̨ϵĽȥ
ɶ񣬾ȻҶҳ֣ɫ࣬û뵽ߺĵô󣬾ȻҶԼȳ֡
˵գдʳһת⳯ϣǵȥ
һӽбŷǵȥ
ﬡ
磬û뵽ߺĽȻûбĽ飬ҿ뽭ĽƾС
˰죬ɢڿУȻҲЩȣǸոûʹȫûƵߺĽҲпԭ
̧ͷȥиߺӰʧӰ٣ǣǰȴֳһӰǸߺǺˣ
ߺһݺݵȥ
¼̫ͻȻûзӦֻеĽ

ľ̨̮̳е˶ˣֻо˻ȫš
ã̳ɢȥһչ˵ǰ
ֳŽʺߺվڽĶ棬ڽĽϡ
˵Ľȫ˵£һֱ
ž
ĽʾȻѿˣ¶ǺɫĽޱȣͬܲҹգһ˿ɫ
ҳֵģͳɱ˵
ͷͿɫֱۣʱ̧ͷ
۳ѪȻѾŭһĵزˣͷ޷𣬸Сӣ㾹Ҷˣô
ߺʵΪԼֻ̫ˣԵ¶ԷĹЧ
ߺеĳϻҪһ㡣
ڲźôˣֻܽеŭ𣬳ҵĹɣ
ɫŭĺеĽһʧˣһɫ⣬ȥ
ǽĶʽɱ
ܶ˶һۣǾǸߺɣǲŸߺܶһɱ۷֮£δʧ֡
ǲŸߺһĻڹ֮»
ߺ΢΢𣺡Ҫģν
˵ţߺĽ˲ʣһȥͬɱһ㣬ֻܿ⣬Ȼ·
ϣ
һ꽻˵ĶͣסˣеĽʱҲ˵ǿ
һз·ͣסˣֻˣýĶ
ڵĽѾ֣۾ŵ棬ߺֳֽ죬۾ֱǰ
һȻеĽֳ
ĺڽ֮ϳһۣǺǳϸ
ߺĽڰһ£󣬳ϰС
ߺ½ױȻԷĹɱڣҸߺֻ֮Գһ˿Ѫ
νٶǹˣĽǲһЩߺ΢΢̾
ǣڱȸߺиƽǽʲôȻסҵĽĽپȻҵĽ࣬ⲻܣܣ
ڵĽЩˣЩһֱԼĽٺţԼĹѾĴɲԶˡ
ǣȴһص߱ˡ
ʲôǿݵСһ｣پȻĺ͹൱Ҳ̫˼ˣ
԰С˺ܶ࣬ٶȫͬѲҲǹͽʦֵܣ

ԽԽ񣬶Զﴫ˵ĹѾһݵļһȫϤˣʩչһģһĽͬһ
͵һȣ֧Ҫӵʱ䡣
ȻʩչǶ˺ȴʮִʩչһЩ˺
Ҳǹı׶֮һɣǸڽҽô˵ģɱҹʱһͻȻֵˣ׽̸ģ
һҪˣ˼ĽԲʩչһС
Ҳǹɱһȱ㣬״ʧ֣֧̾
ɱôоôϤأһҾĸоǴƵڱ̨Զ°ͣϵ˼⡣
Ϊһʼʩչ͸о￴ֵĴ޼￴ԼӦüǵòǣ
̨ϣߺûôȻԷĹѾʩչˣԼȻ΢ˣǵһ¾ͺˡ
ڵҪĿľɱ֪ǷʩչǲͬԼİνһ㣬ʩչ
ԣҪöԷһУץϽ֮
ΪĻܵʵ̫ˣҲҲ̿
ߺӰ˲ԭʧһ̳ڽǰһôô죡
ֻδ˵ڣߺеİؽһתʧСؽȭͷȥƲģ򽭳ؿȥ
㻹ǰ׳գΪ⸱ȭͷܹ˵ǳ룡һԷĽʧˣδ롣ֻ쳤Ц
ߺӦһͣϾߺĽҲʮֵĸ߳һжˣ
ߺ¶һ˿΢Цţ͸΢ϸ͸һѪڽı֣Ÿߺǰؽ¶˳
ڵϴЦţһȻûǸȴֱͦͦĵȥ
ڵϣһһ˿ûУֻʣ֮ǰǷЦݡ
ƽϵİ׳ô࣬Ϊ֪滳̣ûʱ򾭳ˤӣԴ̫𣿡
ߺԹԵǸ̾
ڳ˶סˣû뵽ǿ罭ȻôɵľͰ˸ߺ¡
һĻոԶҲˣڸߺֿҪӽʱкȻֳ
ƾճһ㣬ǸߺʼմǱûֹǱԼʧˣ˿һ㡣
ȻǰֻڽĻĴһ£׵ƿ˽Ļ
ôֱֱĴȥ
Ĺʼʼûпף
԰пռָڿռָóҲеռ䲨Ҫ֣Ǹղʲôû
ҿĻһֻһ£ͽƿˣȻǲǽȫĻҪƿ̸ף

ʹ֧йϵҪǽеڻϣķ̶ȵȻǿ֮
ߺûЩ߰ĶǳԱ߽ĺɫ彣е˵ࡣ
½ƷԺˣ
˵꣬ߺеǰرˣڽУŻظոյĽʡ
٣Լʵ֮ǰţ˵ոߺԵĽ֮ΪУҸة࣬㲻ôСɣллˣ˭棡
ߺ˵ļ죬ûиة෴ӦĻᡣ
㡭


190 ֽ
ߺû⽭ةǷŭ񶾵۹⣬У˭ҽǰǽңԣ
ָˣǶͷ
ȷˣߺʵǿǴΰսǽҡ
ֽʱߺ֣һʣµҲˣǾͽǷֿһһΣ
ߺĵ˵ͷд⣬ôɣ˭Ըһս
Ȼͷҡĸ˹Ƶģʾ͸ߺ
Ȼֽ˵ôҴˣɣڴ˹򣡡
Ǽ˽ͷҡĸˣмԸֽߺսǴɱ
Ϊֹǻûпһڣսܵģȫˡ
ֽڵ٩Ŀ˫ӥǰ㿴Ÿô죬ӮԼȡԼӦеĳɹ
ĻոأʣµļԱˡ
ҰһؼҳԷأȻؼˣ˵һ̵ľʧˡ
Լ߾ˣǲˣ˵꣬ҲǷɱˣǰ߻죬һ˲ͳ
㿴ʣˣҲˣˣǰոս飬Ҹ˽ȥͲˮˣٻᣬٻᣡ

һٶһʧԶߺЩ̾Ṧڱϣмܱȵϣ
˵Ŀһ˫ӥضǺߣֻĿһȻʣˣţ
˵꣬˲ʧڱ̨ϣԶ˵ĵطֳԶȥһһ߶߶ʲô
Сӣôʲôǫ̂ǵùȻôһݣֽڣϷǼסˡ

ˣǱ䳡ɾˡ
ʲôˣα仹ô򣿡
ʲôû˫ӥǰߵģҲһԻˣȥأ
ԣߵʱҲûŶӣҿһ˫ӥǰʲô뿴ˣ

ֳһƬң˶ֹԲ²⣬˫ӥȥʲôˡ
ЩƲסֳƷɤӣȻվ
ƷĶе˶죬ڲ²ƷʲôԤףĵλԹ硣
Ʒͦ壬࣬촽ǻȥɣ
˵꣬ҲվȥҲ֮ȥ
ȫȻû뵽ƷȻôһ仰ȻʵǴҲû˼ˣһɢ
ڳֻƵأ֣գߺֽڡ
ߺֽԶĬĿŶԷ
ҹûп㣬û뵽ʵôǿᣬҲô߳϶ˣȿڵֽڡ
ոտ˸ߺʩչ߾ọ̈̄Ȼ֪ߺ֮ǿֻ˵ǰνֽھȵˡ
Ȼ̫ǿǽȴɱʩչ֮ܿٵĽһУһͱȹ
ǿǣȱ˺ʽҲ˵һɣŻһι
ߺİνȫõȻǿǺȴںϵʮ
ȻˣǵӮټɣģһúôԸģֽ˵仰ӸߺԱ߹
֣ϲҪܣΣյģҴȥĵط˵ֽ꣬ﳤȥ
ߺתͷһ£εҡҡͷ̧Ƶ֣ߣ߰ɣ
˵꣬ߺ̧ߣ˼Ƶػԭ˼ʲô
ϣôˣߺֻصߣֵʵ
ǣƵôͷ˼һҡҡͷǣĽȻ죬ȴǺܿ죡
һ񣺡ѵǣ类ϴɱĴˣ

ߺ͵һȣƵŷӦ˹̧ͷ˵ʲô
˵ˣѲɱɹ˲ɣߺ˵һ飬ֵ٩˼䡣
ǣ˵ģ⡣
Ƶ͵̧ͷȻüȿ־壬ɫ԰ףûһ˿Ѫɫвס߶Ѳûͬħ֮ˣһҲˣ
ȸߺʱȴտڲ۸ߺôʣǲ˵ֻ˵ߺ֪ʱ򣬲һʦ˵
ԲϣҲܴӦ㣬ΪѾӦҵֵܣһƹߺĿᶨӾǲĿĲݡ
Ƶ㶵Ŀһ۸ߺ֪ʱ޷ȰߺֻÿЦŵ˵ͷϣĸȻһŵĻᶼûˣ
˭֣һ汦ʵ
Ƶʲôû˵ֻεҡҡͷſڡһε̾Ϣ
ˣߺ˵Ǹǻǻ㲻߰ɣ
ߺһ뷨ںƵؿеǸǿߣǸںոֽ˵Ļ
ո˼ԣҪԼһսʱǽϡ
Ǹ翵ǿ߲֪ʲôʱ֣ʱһһңɱ㼸˶㵽ĺǶ㲻Է׷ɱ
ǰֽڶԸߺ塣
صվվѾһƬ壬Ͼе˶ߵĲˣֻʣһ벻
ȻھѾˣǶǶ˭ǵһҪˣΪǾԲǵһˡ
ױʲôȽıһȻԱ˹飬ǳ˵һǵڶ㽱ƷûС
µЩ˶ƹˣ뿴α䣬˭Ϊƹү
ˬҹˬ˾ʮֵ̹Ƕ᲻֪Ľ룬ЩҲˬŬ
ֻŻǲϵ۷壬Լʵ
һαǵĸд࣬ǸߺֽڵʵĪ
еҲȼ˶־ŬҪһ¥׷ϸߺֽڡ
ͬʱߺͬڴǲڵԼ
ȻսûĶ٣ԸֽţȻһжҪСġ
Ƶ֣վڶ棬Ƶһƣ֣Ա߼¡
ûиߺı£бҲûйϵƵʱһţԶڻþ֮С

֣ɸҳһ£ʱվķϣһХ
ͬʱߺĿԲˣ
кβңߺҲХһ𣬽ײˣȻȵݶϣ̧ȥ
ֻԶ֮µһݶϣվһ꣬ȫɫʿ΢縧
ֻߺһߺһЦط̫Сˣ򲻿ƣ
ȻߣߺȻ׶Էʲô˼Լ֣ݱض¶
ȻֽҲΪʲôߺҪݣһʼͲûд𴩸ߺݡ
˵ţ˵Ӱʶ֮ȥڷһһ䣬ʧԶ


191 ϽVS
ǰ׷㰡֣տߺԶԶʧˣϴץϵƵԱС߶
ȻȽС漱ȣ޲ԼƵأ׷ϸߺһ̽
ƵƢҲã֮ڿն𣬵ǣδɣһʹ
ˣңˡ֣
ƵΣַֻס֣յӣһӾ˲ʧڰС
ߺ˵ٶȷǳ죬ʮӾͳƹʶԶĵطȥ
ʶ֮һƬïܵĴ֣ҾʶѾԶˡ
˵ʱ֣վƵر˸һϣԶĵ
ܹԼһߺδоԾϾƵصٶԼĿõġ
ʹԼۣ֮׽Էһ˿Ӱӡ
֣ڵҲ˧ģͷȥ߶߶̫ˣ̫ˣͶǵˣϣ治Ǹǵģ
ֽڶƵصĳֺ񲢲ȣֻһǷʾݼϣ
ƵҲ˵ͷа֣СӵʲôΪʲôҵݶ֪أ
ֽھͲںƵˣȫȫڸߺϣߺ
һսˣһֱûлᣬС˵츳ǿģڿʵʹӻˣٶĪ
ԷԼۣߺֻǵһЦҲ㣬Ĳ֪ڵĸͽȻΪĽĽֱ
ֵܲҲһӵ⾳Ϊ⾳ӦǱɣֽҲ˿ʾ

ս˶˰죬Ȼһͬ쳤Цﱬһս֡
Ȼ٣ԷȥָֽɽߺƣһͬԷȥ
ϣ
뽣ָҵײһ𣬷ͬײ
һҵĳ˵Ľ洦γɣ˷ȥбɳľεᴩ
ϳ˵̽˱ټԭͺͺ棬ʹͬñ̵װƷһ㡣
ڴͬʱ˽µĴؿʼѿڳеĽ뺮еʯͷסˡ
ֱ֣۲Сıһ㣬ǿƤ̱һεпѪֱֹеĺס
ȻǺгȥס
֣ոоԼ𲽱ԼôŬת޷Ƴ֡
ΪԼʱһƵı֮ϲůԼеĺȫչȥ
֣ǿĻعͷȥֵֻˣƵǺˣ
Ƶط֣յ״ԥʩȣȻڸߺĺС
Ƶؽǹɺй۲죬ֵǹɺȻͬʵһĴڡ
ѩɫϾţðž˵ĺϷĿȻˡ
ֵȻҲãƵһ߹۲죬һ߸̾
ϣеľǺ𣿿Ҳôҿ˵ţ֣վȥץ
ƵҲûס֪֣ĲַӣֻЩͷŻĳ
ҵֶˣϣҵֱˣָ޷ˣ֣վֵĺ
ٿƵиߺۿɼٶ֣յ֣յֱ֮Ѿһ㱡˪
ƵεҡҡͷָٴһߺЩƶһٴоۼȥ
ԭƵһֱøߺһ
ȥ֮Ҳ׷֣˵˫Ѿڵˡ
ⳡĽʲôӮˣֽӮˣ֣һ汦ӣԱߵƵѯʵ
Ƶصĵ˭ҲûӮ˭Ҳû䣡
ʲôѲƽˣ
ûеƵؽͣߺ˾Ϳˡ
ʵ൱Ҫֳʤó汾°ɣͲҪ̽ˣߺеİγ˫ţĶֽ˵
ֽ˵ͷȷͲҪ˷ʱˣ
˵ţֽһһصıУ˽ڽϾȻѪۡ
ִᣬһǸѾ쵽һλˣܺõĽֱ
ֽؿһҰҵĳصģҵİƷнױϼģ֮ı𣿡
˵ֽ꣬ʮڴĿŸߺΨһıãΪֹʲôϲԼ
ҲԸΪԼĽҸԣһ㲻ô˽ĻɲκαС
ڱʱҲһɿֶԵУҲԸñı
ǣûнĽʵҪۿۣټɲֹ
ߺ΢΢һЦнˣҿҲУңҲнϼ
˵ţߺһ𽣳УߺרΪͭס
ȻûֽеĽһ㻪ǵڸߺеʱɢֲ˿ȶԷЩǿ
ߺ֪ƽĽ֮µʲôǸߺȷ϶вƽ
ֽھȵĿһ۸ߺеĽû뵽ȻнϼǻҳʮĻ
ٽپȣƵҲʮ־ȣû뵽СصĹģȻнϼУ
𣿺ܾ֮ǰͻˣֻ˲һӣֵ֣Ļعͷ
ڶ˵нױȷʲô軪ļ֣һӵˡ
軪һнױһϽױ
ȻѵãҪ֪ҵĸѰ˺ܶҵһнмǰǼн¼ʹ͸ƣ
ƵؼʵĿŸߺеǸ𽣣ֽеı
㲻Ҫǵİɣ֣ղʵ
ƵߵûһͷСӣĶһôûƷ𣿡

ȹ龪ȣֽ˵ǣڿĽһսˡ
ֽڵַڽϣָ죺ҵĽΪϽԣڱܣʱս֪ˣ
ߺסڵϣ˵𽣣
սֽһš֮šľʽ֮ƿֽڵϽݺݵߺȥ
һ֮벻ýĽͬĿȣƻʮ־ˡ
;ĵضձ룬ʮףҾ뽣ڵľ롣
ߺֺݺݵڽϣ̶ֹŽĸ߶ȣǽûбߺץסĴ˵صס
ɫĽͷߺ⣬ܵˮԪؼӿһˮ
ߺˮɱŸߺһ˦ǵײǵ޴Ľ


192 Ͻ
ﬡ
ȻߺǵѾʮּӲˣԱĶͨǵ޴ĽǰȻ綹һ㡣
ǽֻͣһ£ͽг룬ڵϡ
ǣһͣٵĹȴ˸ߺܵĻᣬӰʩչһ˲ʧԭء
ǵǸȥһʧڿС
һ޴Ĺ֣ԱߵΣзľһҲ̫ʡˡ
Ŷ㿪ˣ㲻ҵ۾ں棡ֽڵ˵ڸߺܶ档
Ǹߺô׾ͱУǾͲĸߺˡ
ν
治ֽϣߺֽڵĺ棬ʩչν
һɫĽͬһֽڵĲȥ
ǣûйʧֵİνȴֽڵסˡ
ɫĽ⻹ûлּ۵Ĳոջһ㣬ֹͣˣҲǰȥ
ֽڵỤֿסߺĳҽĲסʹ֮ܳء
ֽѸָɽߺؿദȥ
ߺֳƣֽڵĽֵָȥɽ
Ʒҵײһһɳɢȥ˵ͷɳȥ
϶˿˿Ѻۣ絶һ˽ʵϣȴ޷˵һ˿˺ۡ
Ҳ壡ӦѾ˰ɣߺһ˿ȡ
û뵽Լ߽һͬߺΪ뷨Լû˻ôأ
ֽеϧĸܣһԼΪͬͬ⾳һ뷨
ֽߺ뷨ͬ㲻Ҳһ𣿾ȻҲ壬Ҳ죡
ֽڵЦĽڱҵĽסˣ
˵ֽ꣬ʹŸߺĽԼĲѹȥԼĽ£ҲӦҲǵһλ˰ɣɣȻģ
ߺĿŶԷһ
ؽ
ߺе˲ʧˣֽڵϽ˲٣ߺԱ߻ȥ
ֽڵϽȥͬʱߺеĽٴγˣֽڵؿڴȥ
ֽһȣеϽȻŷһɫĽߺ𽣷ȥ
ﬡ
ߺĽķһ±ߺҲֹס˼
ǿȥǵɫĽȻûʧߺ׷ȥ
ߺ˫һƽ
˵ţһתǵɫĽȥ
ϡ
һ̶ǵɫĽ˰죬ϵɢȥеĿŤˡ

ߺ弱ȥÿһʹܵĵ΢
ߺ˺˶ʮײſͣס壬Ȼȵ̧ͷֽڿȥ
ʲôߺȵʵ
ڽϸߺһˣ仹ƻƽȻںͶԷȽʱȴ·硣
ֽϽٴָŸߺϽһϣҵĽҲֽġ
Ͻţĺǿû뵽ȻĽһ򵥵𣿡
ֽڵ˵ͷһ򵥵һ׽ʮѣֱΪֹҲֻܹʩչϣ
ոһûʹýɣߺȻ⽣顣
ֽ󣬵˵ͷҸոûʹý⣬㲻һûʩչ𣿡
ǻк֣ĺ㣬һ½ɱ
һھʹȫѣ
˵ֽ꣬ڵ˲ͱˣ۹ͬһۣʹ˲Ҷӡ
ֽڵĿǰϣףȻĿʵʻйĿġ
ߺ֪ڵֽʩչȫˣԼҲҪˡ
ոûнϽѾԼԵֿˣټϽĻղŵһϽĹټɡ
һСһϽǶϽôԼñ޷ֿˡ
ߺ漴Ҳʼɫˣͫ׾Ȼ˰ɫȫۺڣ޾ĺͷų
Ŀ⾭Ŀռ䣬Ѹٵ֦ϵ汻ߺĿɨ˲ɱͬһССһ㡣
ֻٻͻ֣ᷢʵĶѾʧȥˣǵѾߺ۹ˡ
˻δ֣ɲͺҵײһ𣬾ͲǿǱľʯӣǱεĽͱһ
Ǳǵֲﻹ棬ȫʧϢ
ã˵Ϣ̫ǿˣк֣һᱻֵģƵȷӦ
ȻһӣڷԲһﲼһ͸֣˰档
ֵǲ͸̫ԶҲ˵Ϣ˷ɢȥǿߡ
ȻƵڣһĺ޷Ļ봫˵еһˣǼʹƵҲԱȫˡ
ֽڵ۹ͬϵߺȥߺ۹ȴϵıԷĽ⣬Էȥ
ǸߺıҪǿһЩϵıԷĽ⣬ҽԷ죬Ҫֽڵ嶳ϡ
ȻٶȱȽۿȴܿ
ߺıض⣬ϾҪֽڵԽҪǿһЩҸߺûʹñ任ء
ֻֽھѾ֧Ųסˡ
ϽһϽֽеϽһתȻһһɫĽŷȥ
һǿ˺ֹһľȻͬѪҺһ㣬ұϴȻСһ㣬Ǵ͸ȴǿ˲١
ߺţԼϴƽԼɡ
ܣ
ߺ˲֧򣬲һܣֵһתƽ
εıЩһο˱γɵʽ
ɫĽ뵽ߺʱٶ˲˾Ȼһֹߺʩչƽ
ȵƽһٴκҵײǵɫĽϡ
ߺĽϸԼı⣬һǿĳȥռ΢𶯡
ԷĳɫϵıߺеϸĺĽϵıֻǱһһĽͿʼ֧Ųסˡ
ɫĽߺ𽣵ɣߺϽе𽣳ء
ﬡ
ҵײϣܾȻϵѿɫʧˣߺҲ˵Уֽڷɴ̶ȥ
ҲҿһϽ뵽֮Уٶȵȳɱ½Ȼֻδֵܵס
зɹǱϴ۵ĺ֤ǵжôķҪһĻߣϣԻᱻЩǧаıƬ
ֽû˿ţ˫ֱǰ߶ϽϽ
˵ţеϽ͵ߺȥ
һɫĽ˲Ͻзͬһɫ磬ߺȥ
ǽֻϸǾЩеʱЩһıڣڵϡ
ȻǵɫĽߺȥ
ϽȻĺǿҵġ


193 
ɫĽͬռ䣬˲ߺǰٶȼȻߺİνϰ֡
ңȴȰνϲֹһ˵ȰνϼʮҲΪ
ɫкı֮ٶȻ½ߺӦˡ
ȻһƽƲʽô
˵ţߺеһӣ֮ǰλ̳һѱոԶγɵǱһ
һȫɸߺɵģ滹˱⣬ӲȶȸոǱǿϲֹʮ
״𽣣Ӳȶ𽣲࣬ǱͺγɵģӲϱ𽣻ǿôһ˿
ǣҲȱ㣬ڵʱ䲻̫ʹǿʽһй󣬾ͻԶʧ
Ҳ˵Щ뺮ڸߺȽǿֻ֧һ֮
߾ؽ
γɣƯ𽣵ԱߣߺÿһλӶ𽣣ԱߵǱҲŶһΡ
ǽƶĽǶȣ룬ȶͬ
ߺ˫һνν
ৡ
ν߾ȻٶģȴƽҪСһЩԸߺðνĽһ¶ԷĽ
ʮȻɫĽһȫǵɫĽϣڰͣˡ
֮䲻ϵĻɫĽסǰ˵Ȼ˿·磬нǼһơ
ߺǰ˵ɫȻƣɲ䣬ϵǵɫ
ɢĺҲϵĽ֮·Ҫ֮׵ķӡ

顭
գߺİνûеֹǵɫ˵ƬɫϸǵĺҲһ֡
һСűµıɺĺһ뵽֮УΪ
ǵɫĽٶٴμɣңڴڱĹУҲڼС
ƽߺĬ֮󣬺Ȼһȣеһתǵɫȥ
һ֮ͬʣ׼ȷĵǵɫȥ
ڴͬʱԱߵǱҲڿһתͬһ㣬ǵɫȥ
ﬣ
ըһɫڲƽڿʧ
ߺȻһֽ֣ͣԽԽء
ߺҲⲻΪƻΪǿ⾳ĹҶЩĽˣ
ߺԴɹ֮ԼĹڷ
Ǽϱı򽫶ԷߺƽνȫͲˡ
ңҲԷٶȼˣ˸ߺ㹻ʱʩչʽ
ıҲĽֱȻҵĽٶȺһˣҪͨĽȥнʲô֣
򣡡
ԭˣǲģСˣһԼ޷ȫƣ
ֽ˵ţ˫ֱӸߺǲУ㻹ǲҪΪã͵ƽˣΣ
ߺһֽڣʲôû˵ܵıʼת
𽣲ڵϣֿʼһܣֿʼŨ̶𽥽Լֱѩɫ
˼ˣҲͲˣԼСˣֽڿߺĶ֪˼ˡ
˵ţֽڵ־Ȼʼɣֱֽڵ־Ȼȫ뿪Ͻ
ǣϽûΪֽڵ뿪䵽ϣڿУͬߺǱӡĽһ㡣
֮ͬǣߺӡĽȻӲͬһ㣬ʵȴ뺮ɵġ
˵ʵĽɵġ
ֽڵϽȴͬĽȫȫʵ塣
ǣȴƮڿУ˶סһĻ
ߺҲЩȣû뵽Ȼͣ΢΢𣺡ãҲսһս
˵գߺûκζֻǸעǰһĻҪԷһежǿ
ƵԱߣǲԼᱻɱ
ĻֱУܿԷǿһУûΣգֻἴʹ˵ϵڱҲΪ
ϽƯڿУƾƵĳҲֺ
ƵϢע˰죬һ̾Ϣɽв˳
֣նȵſͣһöҲ˿ҲûС
ƵصĻ֣վþòŷӦֵƵأôϣϼʶ㣬ô𣿡
û뵽ƵؽεҡҡͷҵҲ޷Ư޷֪Ǻ޷ҿԿ϶
ʱȻһǿǣܹñƯģȴûм
ӦһźĽȻ޷ʹƯ

ƵؽţֽȴûţָֻɽȻϽһָϽȻ鶯Ķһ¡
ֽڽָȻһƯڰյϽȻһͷأ⳯ϡ
ʲôܣǾԲܵģƵغȻȵĵ
ʱ֣Щˣʲô
ƵĿתĿֽڣһ̶Ը뿪˼ǿ磬ǰ֮ⶼƵأֻҪԵ
Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣ֣һξȵſڣʲôվƹ⣬ɱһƹҪҲ׾ٵ飡
ƵһЦҲ̫Сˣ֮⣬ֻҪʵʹߣҲ֮£
һ£ǿˣ֮ȻԵ
ǣ˽ӦǴˣʮҶûڲ˭ĴţӦֻڴ˵еĽˣ
ߺΣˣпܲǴ˵Ķ֣Ƶذ̾һ
֣¶ĵ˵ͷȻ̧ͷǣĽҲǺڽϣ֮ͬнδ֡
˵ĽɣƵغȻʵֽϷʶֽʲô֪õӦֻǲбѣ
û´ĻߺӦǾڵ߾ɣ
б߾ʮһϽǱ߾õĽֽյӦȫģԸߺĽǶֽ֣ڻӵϽĽ⣬͸ǿˣ

ֽںȻ˫ּڿлȥϽҲٵڿм趯Ȼһ⡣
ɫĽ⣬ͬǰϽһײͬһһ㣬һһɫ
ֱڣ˶޷ڿзĵǽǽˡ
ƵҲֲˣдԻ󣺡ܣ⵽ȷǽɣٶȿˣΪʲôȴоһأ
ϽϽֽ͵һȣǵɫĽΪУڸߺǰߴ˲ǵɫĽߺȥ
ãߺΣգƵغȻһһߺƶȥ


194 
Ƶظոʧһȴͣӣǰ벽ҲǰˣֻҲٿӪȸߺˡ
ԭɫûдиߺȻͿʼͣڸߺǰҲ޷֡
ߺƳצץʲôڸߺһŰɫ塣
ʵ壬ȴ壬ͬڸߺôһŰɫɫһ㣬ԲԲģȴҲ
ŰɫĶǰǵɫĽֵסˣʹ֮޷ǵɫĽϵôŬ޷֡
ߺ˫Ѿɫѩףȴͬոյɫһ㣬ǰ׵ķͣͺֻһ㡣
ߺܣѾȫʧˡ
ڸոֽʩչϽʱ򣬸ߺûţŬĽеĺѹԼλá
Ȼ󣬲ϵıѹڣߺıõ¡
ֽڵȻҲ̾һǿ
ȻܲߺǹɱǿԼϽжǿţǻ۷壬Ǽǿ֣Ҳаս֮һ
ǣڵȴͬϽȻԷ֪סˡ
оƵظо
ߺǱĺ䣬ʶ㣬Ҳٸо͵¶ȡ
ֻڵħڵĳǿϣŸоһΡ
ǣʲôΪߺʲôΪȫͬն
ߺеĺⲢֻǵֵסǵϽлڲϵıѸǵ
ֱǵһ¶Ͻʲô
ֽڵȻķָֽ䣬ִұϣԴԴϵӿȥ
ѾֳϽٴαɫΧղŸǿˣʼת
תԶȾֹǿԣǵɫĽȻǰ
ȻǲҪˣǵɫĽԭ;ߺܽˣֻһȭ֮ͿԴ̵ߺˡ
ԣߺֱΣ
ǣΣյʱ̣ߺȻ۾оһ㡣
ѵ֪ԼѾ޷ֿˣѾ׼ĴˣҪͣ𣿡ֽڲһ˿ԥ
ԥϽһ˿Ҳڴͣڰߺеĺ⽩
ֽڲ֪ΪһͣٵĹȴ˸ߺ˻ᡣ
ԭߺ۲λģΪ˸ԼѾϽ
Դֽһ֣ߺܸоԷĽΪԼ֪߳˶١
ߺѾ⣬ڽΪȽϵͣ޷ʩչ߾ĵ
Ҫ۸һֽڵĽϣԼĽΪֻߺʩչ߾
ǡãߺһôıںһжҲǸߺоŷֵġ
ҲǸߺķҪŨ̶ֳȵԭ
ڸߺнϽı⣬ϵĻһſ΢еϽֽ⣬ڸߺĸ
ߺϵĽЩЩ΢Ȼ뵽Լ壬Щ΢֮УͱߺĺУͬˡ
ԣߺҲࡣ
Ÿߺеĺ⣬ԼԽҲϵͬҲڲϵ
ҲҿֽʩչǿʽϽһϽĻеĽһûôǿߺҲǷǳѡ
ߺҪתɽƣеıҲת䣬ڴͬʱȴڼ
ʹǵɫϽڲϵĿߺֱ֣󣬶ҪиߺˣľȻһ׵ľ롣
ֽ룺ǲȽӣӦ֧Ųסˡ
ƵضʼʮֵĸߺǲǸóˣȥСӹǺ
˵ĸߺʱֽڵϽոˣߺȻ˫ۣвڵǺ
Ǻ֮Уֽͬһ㣬ʱʱ⣬Ȼûô࣬˺Ҳûôǿں֮ʱʱɢô
ڴͬʱߺеЩ⣬Ȼͬʱת˽״ǵɫĽײȥ
ڣߺмŽƵĺڲٱҲ˹
ЩͬһĺͬϽһ㣬ϵǵɫϽײ
ÿһײɫϽһֱߺеĺҲһ֡
⾳ʽײֽڵϽԼȫŷģߺеͬһĶıƼɵġ
ߵÿһײĽ뺮ȡǱ߻еĶǰȫһıնڡ
߸Ѹٱɱ񣬿ֻ֣д֮Ż֪Ѿʧȥ
Ҫǣɢźеˮ۳һƬƬѩꡣ
ܺѩոոոߺеĺⶼֵλã̫䣬еˮԱѩͱߺչȥ
ٶ̫죬ѩ
ڵͬˣߺѾȥˣ¶ȷôˣҲͬߺмĺһ㣬ѸٵĽ֮չ
ԣǵܷγѩ

߽˰죬ߺеıǿվǽƣҲûκʽûǿʽ
ԣߺеı͵رǵɫϽ˰ߣߺ΢΢һΣǰǱ𽣾Ȼʧˡ
ֻǽɫϽ˰֣ʧڿУǵɫڽһ¾ʹ͸˸ߺ塣
ʲôֽ˲ɵˣû뵽ԼȻĽߺɱˡ
ƵһԶûжֻǵЩȣϴؼСô᣿
һֽҲòԾˣΪߺ֮󣬸ߺ岢ûзѪ֮ϲûκ˵ӡǣ·ûơ
ãǻӰֽںȻˣȻһָһգǵɫĽ˲ɻصߣȻֽڵȥ
ǣʱϱߴߺˣ߾֮
ֽ̧ͷȥ濴ߺӰԼ棬ԼɫϽһա
ߺеĽһӣ֮ϿʼûӰЩӰֻнûн
ңǽŤŤģͲֱΨһߺеһӦþɫġ
Щͬһһ㣬Խ⿪ʼֽڵζȥ
ֻգۼ䣬ֽڵǰ˲ͽֽڲȻʧڿС
ֻֽȫºǱʲôסˣԼ޷
ָһסˣ޷ָǵɫϽı䷽
ɫ˲ͣԭأɫȻʧֳǱ״Ͻ
ֽͷɢĽһ½εѿˡ
ҪжߺĽѾֵĲ֮ϣҪ𣿡


195 ţ
ˣֽȫɳָһɣϽȥֽҲûȥӵ˼
ߺֽ֪ڿ϶ͬߺһδԹ֮ͬлʧܣһʱ֮ܲĴ
ƽְɣߺӰʧϽµĵطٴγһߺ
һѽϽУֽڵȥĶֽ˵
ʲôֽ¶վǣȻʱûзӦ
˵ƽְɣϾʱ㽫ϽͣסˣȻһûӮùأ
ߺ˵ĵʵոֽһ˿ԥ´˿̸ߺҲ˵
οߺܹʩչҲֽϽãûǵеĽͽΪߺǾԲôͿʩչġ
ΪҪΪˣҪ󽣵Ϊߵһĵز
οߺĳ˿ʩչ֮⣬ǵõ벻ĺô
ֽԼҲ벻ԼȻߺͬˣҽеĽ̺ĽΪˡ
ֱһ飬Ҫ뽫˵סȻо⵹пܵġ
ǣҪǽ˵ʽգܹԼ⣬ſա
ߺȴһߺıʮ⣬ĺȻ͸ԷĽ֮У֮ϵıɺԽ⡣
ȻԸߺıκκʣֽڵĽΪС
ҲҿֽڵĽߺıȽ޼ԸߺŻô˳ǻһΪǿˣƾߺı⣬͸ȥҪ˵֮ˡ

ֽ㶵ĿϽɫ仯ȻЦŵˡ
ֽһѳߺеϽŸߺ˹֣ˣҳϣûǿ
λߺɵˣʲô˼ոǲװģСӣҵİɣ
ֻֽҡҡͷ˾ˣûʲô˭һ˵ܹսͻƣȴ󣬾ֻ⵨ҾͲǧٱ
áڲִӮҺοڳˣһ
һӰԭ˲֣һվһ©ϾȻɢŽ⡣
˸һߣźɫۣͷϵͷףͷڣ֧ͷס
˫ֺ֣ǺǵĿֽڣӣڳɳˣֻ۶٣ɥʧ־ţš
ǣллүүڼˣֽڹľһ
ǣŵİ׽񶫣ʱƵǲȷȻ
ǸƵؽ׽ûоȵı飬΢΢һЦǺǣСһ
ߺ
֣գ
Ƶؿôһ˿˼ǻǹһ֣׽
ߺһ죺ǲʹˣôֻˣ
֣ҲѧҲǣǶ䣬Ҳˣǲֲˣôֻþˣ
Ҳ˾ù죬Ϊ׽񶫵òʮͷʮꡣ
ڵƵؿߣһʮˣһͷ׷ΪСһȷ˾ò졣
ʱֽߵߺ˵ߣǿ֪һľ磬ǿԶסյģ
˵أߺȵĵ
һĵزȷԱղ䣬ҲǺء
ؿʼߵվͿʼΣֱ۷壬仯ʮֻ
˵һˣ֮ǰʮԳ꣬ؾĻҪһӤ˵ΣҪʮſ԰쵽
ңأÿǿһأձٶȾһݣֱͻƺ龳֮վͻ᳹׶ס
ԣ֮ϵľҲг˼ͬɰ㣬Ѿ㷲ˡ
֮£ҲǷеǿߡ
ѲɣүүϼһѾǳˣ֣Сʵ
Сӣ˵ʲô񶫵·֣նը죬֣վ;ԼĶԷ·һըס
죬񶫲ûп֣գ΢ЦŸƵ˵
֣֪ԼոյĻһϼһˣ͵һȣ׽ǰǧأһͳ
ߺֳһ˿΢Ц֪СһϳһС
˶һЦȻ׸ոշʲôһ񶫳ˡ
εһЦСһǸ⬣һѵ˵ԵϷ۸𣿡
ңң
˵꣬ߺ˱񶫺Ƶؽ
ǰǰһɷɲ갡
СһҲǣȻѾɳֵزˣǰһսǴջ񰡣ǳСôˣ
ϴ󻹻أһֱǰҿǰǰֵܶҵܹҴڽգǰʲôλ
˵⣬񶫺Ȼɫһ䣬º͵΢ЦΣѾܾûˣ
һ£ֵָƵؾˣǰʵʹǶţҲռһϯ֮أοǰĵϵӵܰ
һЦһжԴеϽ
˵ţָԼٱӡֽڡ
ԭԭֽڣ񶫣ʮǰ뼸λʦֵһһżо֪ǴżȻǺϽʦ֮
Ͻʦһţһˡ
߷ǵߣʵᷢ츲صı仯˵ߣһǿߣ߾ǻǿߵš
ԣһЩرǿĳҲʦ
ܹΪʦĳߣǻվڳ߶
ϽʦΪǿһʦǧǰһʱǣ޷ͻԭо磬ľ;ƿݡ
ϵĽǺ٣ûһʱĺϽӦǵʱûʱдԪľˡ
Ͻڳ֮ǰõϽԴԾնϲʽṦ
ֿ죬һȣϽУһʦֵܣҲĵܵܣһֽԾնϲʽС
ֵܶ˵õȻϲʤû뵽ļʦֵȴۺˡ
ȻһͬɱУ˲ͽΪȽϵͣҺ޷ɱ
Ȼ󣬽ԾնϲʽС
ǻɱ񶫣񶫱ͱǼλΪߣ֮ˡ
޸֮ڣ⼸޳ܵС˸淢
û뵽·ȴ˵ѾʦţĴ׷
ԭȴȸ״˵񶫲ֵʦֵꡣ
ɱԼĵܵܣȡϽ뽫һɱ󾭹Ƿѣ
˵ţԼϵչʾڿ
ϵƵȷǰ׽ˣ֮ǰĽԸûһ˿١
ڿڴƻƣüһָɱˣ֪Լô˵Ҳš
ԱӳˣҿԼλܵܲԼΪˣԼļ͵ͳ
ԼǧҪȥǼѾͨ¾ųɳϣһ¾Ҫٲ
ԣϷһֱӲдֱڳҷһţŽϽΪһĵزҲ÷ţһѩǰܣ
Ƶסˣţôߺ


196 
ƵǣȻֽǾţôܵĸߺʲôأ
Ҳ϶ǾˣҲǺֽͬŰɣǸߺҲʮа˾Ǿˡ
ߺػܻ۷ߣͱƶλΪš
Ƶȴ֪һʼʹûߺʲôţҲԼĸΪʲôҪߺԼ
ڿƵˣøߺټԼıٲøߺˡ
ԼĸҲ֪ߺǾˡ
ô㻹֪СǾţЩȣЦֹô㻹ûиĵǴֵë治ףô׶εģ
˼࣡
ƵЩ˼Ҳ֪ôģֻ֮ʱһĲΪֵˣ
ҲɵɵȻ֣רһǣһգԲ磬Ժɾûôˣ
̾һε˵
ߺȴһֱĬʼվộ˶թΪһϧ˺˵Ҳ
ԼȻΪһүûʵʱ򣬲
ֻԼΪ
СһӸղõĹ쵱ǿӰһ޳СӵĻӰɰɣʱ񶫺Ȼʲôæʵ
Ƶس˼һͷҵֶЩȥϴ½ģǶӰߣ
ǺǣҲ³çģΪ˳ͷ޳СӣȻǿ˹񶫺ʲôǺֱЦ
ƵҲεЦЦǰû뵽Ǹ޳СӾȻӰڵҺ͸类׷ɱҹҿΪǵϺܶ࣬Ȼûˣ
ţǰҲ˵񶫵˵ͷʵǿˣӰɵʲôĻӰɰɣ
Ƶԥһ£ҧҧרз֣һؼҺ͸ר˺ܶ꣬Ҳû˿޷ɹ
ֵ񶫾ˣɣѲӰؼ֮һܻżֱǸ漣
Ͼͱ˵ˣϴ³çûҳһţȥ͵͵ģΨֱӰ֮˷֣˭뵽һСٶôĺ
ߺһ۸ߺСȴˣľ춼ûɻӰɣ
ߺ亹ֱСٶ˼ѹ׵ؼ͵ˣʲôǴ
˭ߺֵʵ
ƵֵĿһۣ㲻֪죿԰СһڵƮӦú
Ŷˣųңӣ
ʲô˵ңӣ£ֽڶˣңӾȻûа취Ӱɣ򼸴ӿǳǿߣ˵Ĵʵ£ٰ֮޷ֳʤ
޷ɹҲ̫ˣ
ԭңҪǲ˵һ治֪أߺһ׹ӡ
ȴûں˭ңϾңǿ֮ġ
ţû뵽õǱȻĻӰɣӰһأǺǿ߶޷֮㣡
ߺһ㶣أԼõǱֻذ
Ƶص˵ͷⱾؼǿȷ޷ģ˵¿ԷʲôЧ
ϽĻӰɣΣ񶫺Ȼ˵
Ƶص˵ͷҵȻ֮ǣֻкصĹ
ʲôеĲȫôֻкأЩʧڵֻṦˣֻҪһϽƥṦôʵ϶Ҫǿɣ
Ƶ΢ЦСӽӵȫĻӰأ
ʲôҿֻأ㲻ҰɣߺɲϣԼһǿߵǡ
Ƶû˵ֻ΢΢һЦһһûзС
ǱĲʿߺǰеʮƣӦûһ
Ƶ֣벿ӰɵݸߺúŰɣⶫҲ˷ѣҲɣ
ߺ˹ȻȲķ˷һҳؼֶЩ
̫ˣⱾؼİؼֱߺΪֻһ
ǧ򣬾׵ã£ĪҲӣ
Ȼûˡߺ֪˵ӦòһӦһ
һ֮жٺǿߣжصǿߣû֪ǣƾߺȫⱾؼж
еĶУߺ۾
ǿԺ㽻ǰǱߡߺЩɣضѧⱾؼʱ򣬸ߺӦ֮⴫
ģ˵ҽǰǴﶼ翴ģһʶʱ;ֵܶ˵
Ƶָ񶫣ǰ;ǺܶΣҲϵĽ̵ǣʹһ;߳˸Զ˵ûҺϴΪﲻΪˣ
ߺ˵ͷһóֽһ֧˵ڵϾдʲô
Ȼ飬ѣҽˣֽںߺŵԲ˵ҺܺˬûϽױȲȵĻӰɣ
ֽҲһͬóֽڵϣдϽ

ǻӰɣܷɹͿˣҲǿȹˮģȻҲɹ
ߺǼҳֽ˹ȥ͵
ֽУûУȻһ˽ָС
ϽҲ֪ӰʲôؼϽԲڻӰɣҲǷǳϣҲɹ
ֽҲݸߺҳֽ˵˲ͬĻ
ʱ˵ˣǷϻϽڿĳʦ
ĽǾźϽԼϽģ˼ǣͬţټϻԵĻ˵ܴѱʲôĽأ
ƵҲͬĵ˵ͷһ˵ǶԵģ
һҪ۷壬ڽԾնϲʽأΪϽڵڽزԾնϲʽģһҪɡ
ֽеĻӰɣĵ˵ҸˣŶӵؼʹȲڽزҲҪԾնϲʽǿֲ࣬Ṧȱ㣡
ߺĿת񶫣һ²ǰԽṦڸһﰡΪʲôṦô
񶫡
Ƶصһ۸ߺṦҲһ㣬ǿΪģԺעṦ
̾һҲԼǰûעعṦڱ׷ɱ͸޷ӴƷṦ
гһ㶼ͨṦСӵṦô
һ£ӸոսùһλӰɣ㻹ʲôʽûʩչذɣֽڻɵĿŸߺ
أߺ΢Цſ
ֽڱ˰죬ڱֿڣǣ
ǰãһ¾÷أ˾ͿԽˣ


197 ʮ
ʲôȻôοķڷˣУֽڱץӣԸߺ
ոգߺֱϢһ£ٴνһα䡣
θߺûв˽˵Ҷеʽ˸飬Ȼ
һȫʩչӰɣôֽڵҲֻʣ±ˡ
ΣǸߺӰξֽһЩѣҿĽٶȱȽϿ죬źܿƵЩӰ
˻ӰɵõĽ뺮Ʒ絹Ǹ˲СӰ죬ټϸߺؽûá
棬д٣һΣߺֽĴһƽ֡
ոսƽ֣ȴΪôΣյĶӲҵɱСϽֽЩֵʵ
ߺǺһЦĻǺƽ֣ðյĻԼͻͻƣֶΪأ
ӰɹǿȻܹԱɰ˵ϵӰӣ޷˲Ṧ
ߺҲǱץУһֽ֮һЦˣĽΪҾأ
֣ǱƵץţǰǰڽʲôôأ
ƵǶĬߺҲֽ˵ʼոƵص̸
ߺֻЩ棬û뵽ԼǴγʶԼˣȴСı¶Լ
ϣǷͬ˵ΪͶƵصϤԺ֪ܿƵء
ʵֽڼǵɽУΪֽҪ
û뵽ھʱڿջߺ̷Ľñ״һĻᡣ
һ·ϸŸߺˣһֱǸνЩϤϵϢļ
ֱǰ죬ߺɱ֮ʱǼɱ¼ֽڸɵģڸߺֵͬʱֽҲڳ֡
ߺͬɱȫΪ˺͸ߺһǸߺֵٶȿ죬Լֵٶȿ졣
û뵽ߺɱ˼˺󣬾Ȼסˣȸߺɱ˼ˡ
ԣԴ˲²⣬ߺӦǲ֪ʵݰˡ
ߺԼû뵽ΪԼڽȴ¶ˣʱԼôûзڹ۲Լ
̧ۿһ۴Լɵ񶫣Ȼ򣬸ոֽսʱԵ޹ʵĳڳУƵصķֶû˿á
Լּ۵սָƣһжΪԵʣʱڰֽϢ
ƵصΪϲֹһﰡ
ǣĻƵֻڴ̸ûֱ˵Լ˲̸֪ʲô
ߺãҲʱʱôڽ
ʲôȻôߺЩ֣ΪߺԴƵ̸֮ɫ䡣
ǸݵıˣǱ쳣Ծ˵鷳ˣ
Ÿߺ˲ı飬֪ԼˣЩòҪøߺ֪̫ĴߵδӰ졣
ֻܵǸ˵ǿ󣬲Żе־壬Ǹ˵ǿʵСԱС
ʵ֪̫Сߺ֣նˣǶܹһ־Ϣ
ʹǿڲߵһ־˵Ҳֻһ顣
˻ֻǽߺ˷ŵվȻ˾ͽȥˡ
ȫۼڸߺķۼһߴߴ˵Щʲô
ߺм䣬ڵѾݵģˣǽժվʱֱ߽ӿͶ˵ߺûнѾͨˡ
ô죿֣պһڲ裬ָô棬еˮһȦȦ
ģ֣յϢԽԽ꣬ڿвϵ߶϶дҪֻţҲ̫û˼ˣȥ
취Ȼҳȥȥɣ
ͷҲǵģȻԼˣ̫ɶˣô鶼ǣ

֣յƢԽԽ꣬豭еˮ󣬽ѾŲ豭ˣҲˮ֣ÿһô򶼻ᷢܶˮ
ЩˮƾշһȦȦɢȥ𽥵
ģˮķΧѾСһ沨ȥ
֣գˣԱ߱ۻָĸߺϵĺ͵ر֣ûȻߺĺƣʧӰ١
磬ǡ
ˣû취һȥɣߺݸһЦֽ˵ô
˵ʲôֽڲŷӦղ֣Ķ뷢飬Ķþȡ
ֽڲûϻش𣬶ѯ֣գոõĿǻƣ
أֻҪӦȥϲģҾ͸㣬ô
֣Ȼֽ֪ڵʵǶ˵˶ԸߺЩη⣬˭Ҳð
Ǹδʦڰ־־塣
Ȼ֣֪ߺǾԲ˺ģǺ͸ߺһôһʱ䣬ԸߺĻأһֹԡ
ֽεʼ磬תߺ
ߺĵ˵ͷɲҪСһʦǷͬһ㣬ҾСûгɳɳ㣬Ҳδʵ
أֽڴЦ˵
ʱ֣պȻǰĵǾԲԺֵģ
Ҫɱأ
˵ˣǾԲԺֵģţʹΪ뺮ͬҲԲĶ֣
ǰɣ˵ǲЩ̫ˣ
ҵΪֹû˱֮ܳģ
Ҳ׵ǣСܶ꣬ΪʲôҪأֵֽʵ
̫ˣܵҲ̫˰ɣ

ߺ˲ͣĴ֣ҲʱʱĿ̫λãڵʲô
ұӦýһոɣ֣ս˵
ֽչֳһ棺ΪʲôҪǵķʽУ˵ˣߺС㲻Ϊ磡

۵ʱ򣬸ߺȻˣλǸóˣ
ʲô
ǻû۳һ˵
ߺ˲ͷߣ˵ǲҪȥһ˵ȥʲô𣿡
֪ȥˣֵ֣ʵ
ȲҪ˵ˣ߰ɣߺ˵ȥ
˻࿴˿Ҳȥ
СĶ˵ĵط󵽴һǰǱд֣
ڿУʵ¿վĵӰǸߺʶƵ񶫡
һ֣ҲʶһˣǴƮڿģħǿߡĻꡣ
ڵȴվһӰĺ棬ֳǸ˵ĸ߳λ
ħʮ֮һ룡ĵ󣬾ȻԼĽһ󱲣ȥ


198 
ݡû뵽ΪҿǷѾ񶫣ΪҿɷѿģȻ֮ǰһֱڽѰң
վǰǸйˣ˴̶ͬĦһ
ߺ˾Լޱȵܣܲˡ
һϾܿƵص˵ǿˣǸ˵Ц˸ûκζݡ
룬˴θǼ˲٣˵
ЦȻͣס֮ѪɫĹâͬѪҺһŨ񶫣ųư׽ܵܽɱʳˣ
ĵܵأԼɲҵĶŶʹѾǺˣǶ˵ǲĺԶأǰ
ɫһԸ㣬ڵΪ͹ˣڵѾ޽ӽʱˣοֻʮе׵Ĵڣ
ߺ֣յŬĽԼΪڣ֮ɢ
飬ڸߺǺܼ򵥣ֻñ⽫ԼΪڡ
֣Ҳ̫ѣֻûƽлû֮Լ⣬ϸܵĻһо
ʹΪ֣ǿģо֣յĴڣֻ֣յĻƣΪһǽˡ
ǣֽھЩˣֽģĹߺҪǿһЩ
һ㣬ߺĹȻֽڣҪճ̶ȣͼɣֽڵǲࡣ
٣ߺΪ⣬Լǿѹ
ѹһ㣬ܹҲࡣ
ҿ֣գİ˳ɻƿɲǳԴ׵ģֻǷŴһ㣬þͽֽڸˡ
ߺȵĿһ֣գոƵ˵ȥĵĿԸһ㣬Ͳ˵׷ʲô顣
û뵽һʼڳֵˣôãҪ֪֣ûиߺĻǲȥ˵ġ
룬ڵӦûԭ۷ɣȻЦӦòôǣЦһ
뿴һ񶫣νҲֻһ˶ѣԸ飬ҼʹûȫָҲ㹻ˣ
δ̫ˣǰ۷ʵҲǺضѣѾǺصߣڵ㻹δȫָҵĶ֣ǸϿ־ܰɣ
񶫱ȻʮֵδսȫģָݺһӣһɫĽĹնȥ
ⲢϽһϽߺаȡ
û뵽񶫵ΪȻûϽҪ֪ǿǿؼĴڡ
ؼжǿǴֻ׾֪
ӰɣߺڶأѾǳˣǵ׹Ϻܶࡣ
ؼֻΪʽã¸ߺҪѡϽ
Ҳ˵ϽǿϼĴڣߺ֪ϽĴڣŻѡֽڶһġ
һԼҪ׹ˣһһĹ񶫵˼Ӧһκܳʱ䡣
ǣ񶫵ԲϽȻߺûĿոֽڸԼϽ
Ϊˣһ֮£ǲǵġ
ԣߺ֪ϽһϽǳɫģϽǳɫģϽɫģĺϽɫģϽɫģϽɫǽɫġ
һɫǣԵǣ񶫵Ľȴǰɫġ

ûȸߺ೤ʱ䣬񶫵Ѿߡ
ǽ·һ˲ʧͬһʱȴڹǰҺݺݵȥ
ǹ˿ûлţһٶȷǶԷƫƫʵһ˲
ǵɫĽδ֮ǰǵļͷλúȻ˿ռѷ졣
һ޷ĳǵΪģ˷ȥ
䡭
֮µĽ˲һ룬ļ𣬸д̱ǵѪζ
ЩеĿ¾Ѿ˻û˵ˣЩѪζӦþǲµ˵ѪҺ
ңǵɫǰȻпռ俪ʼ飬ѷԽԽδ֪ĺڶһɫ
ͬϵǰڣǴĺڣڵĿκζоǴֻǺڣûбɫ
ǣոչȻһӣǲûбʲôΪʲô񶫵Ľ·ʲôסһ㡣
Ľǿ֮£ڲϵ̮еĵطض̮ˣҵլʼ̮ȥ
񶫵ǵɫʧڿУ˴Ŀռѷɴڣֻܶգûһ˿ʡ
һ˿ûУеһжǿռѷսȥˡ
ǣǿռѷȻûдڼӣͻָ糣ˣһкûзһ㣬ͬˡ
ǿռһָ潭Ĳ״ߺڶΪոһжûз
룬㲻Ϊʮ֮һһֹʩչĪ⣬Ȼǰʶÿһμʩչú죡
񶫿ˣ⻰ߺȻһԭйѾˡ
ֶβ֪Ǹ˳ΪɱĽǿ˶٣ɱֻǵĿѡ
һѾʱ췴˵ٶѾ쵽һĵزʹռЩˡ
񶫵˵ֻҪҵƵ˵ǰЩ칥ŵĻ꣬û뵽ȴܹҳ߼һ컹Ȥأ
ʲôһ¾ͬ˵ĻǸȥˡ
˵þûصǸĻȻ
ˣԲ𣬶Բ²ģֻȥ̽һĻȻڰиǸй˹ͷ絷⣬˿˼ԼΪǿӣû˵ʱƵغսʱǰ޵еʣ
ȴûκνͣ˵ұչصʱ򣬾Ȼȥ𣿾Υҵȥ𣬸Ҫǣҵļƻˣ
ԡ
û˵꣬ͺȻϣǻ壬ҲǺǿ
ǣԵ޹ʵıΣҪڿʧʱڻȻķȥȻС
ţһȻʧȥ˺ܶڵԻָ۷壬Ҳǻˣɭɭ˵
ҿһֱڵȴĻָ۷ɣȻƢָܹʵͽ֮ˣ˵
ٺһЦ㻹Ƚǰʧص˵ɣ
ಣ
˵ţӰͷɵ֮ϣÿһǺߣǣȴǹ״̬
üͷЩѲɾĻĺߣ
ĻǸ֮ǰɱǣǻǺΣյŶ˵ţͿʼ˫ۣھĻꡣ
ߺϸȻжʮӰ˵ЩӣĻⷽʮ˹ꡣ
Щ鷳̫СЩˣ
˵գһһ޽УҶĳɹ꣬ѰҰѰҵϽ׶
ߺȵĿеľ޽оһֽδţû뵽˿Խ֮Ӷ


199 ꣿ룿
һɢ콣ǰĽȻϵĲƶ룬۵Ĺâ޷۾
ɢŴ۵İ׹⣬ͬһС̫һ㣬ڰҫţĹâȥ
ʧˣеǱ޽ֳ˵ǰ
һĽߺδп
˽߳ߣֽеϽȣֻǳһ㣬ǣϽǳֽеĿǾ޽Ͻеĳͬ
ǣȴߣߺӶˣҺ幫ֵĺȣΨһȴʮֵĳٶۡ
˵ĽɱһֻĻ·һĹ޷֮ɱ
ߣԹƶ
ľ޽ͨ޷ģǸߺֽǿȴǿ׾ġ
Ļôߺֽڶ׾޽ĻҲᱻΪˡ
˵ɵģǼΪĲϣﲻΪӲһǳĳء
˵ȭͷһһĺǿҲ뽫֮
Ӧа׵ɣʹ˶˵˽ӦһСɽ
ߺ˼ʹ϶Ҳ޷ֺ֮
޽Ȼûн뵽аʮȴҲ֮һ
ģϽ׶ıˣӲȣ㹻ֳܵˡ
ߺо֮ϴʸУޱȵĶϽױ𣿶һҪӵһѣϧԲʺң
ֽҲо̾ÿһοүүúܾ棬ϾȻĽ޷棬ȴɢĽ

ֽڽԼǰֻõֳֽǽȴ˿ֽڵŵķ·Ǿ޽һƬһ㡣
Щ꿴ֽҲ·ûп㣬ֻǿٵƵسȥ
ʼƵظûгֵ˼ǵĿŶ澲ֹĹ룬뿴ʱǿһʱĹǿʲôز
񶫸ûЩķֻ˵һ䣺ƵأȥҪˣ
˵ţŵֽŷڽϣӣҪˡ
Ƶص˵ͷ˲ʧԭأһ̳ڵϡ
Ƶʧ˲䣬񶫶ˣŤֱҲת֮Ǳ޽Ҳٵתһܡ
ֻǣٶ̫ˣߺֻ񶫿ͷȻ󽣹һǸ
Щ׷ƵصЩ궼ͣ˿УȻһȦȻɨЩꡣ
Ȼͣһ룬Щȫ룬ǣǵ岢ûʧڿУȫķȥ󱻹뵽֮С
ͷһᣬ޽ڼϣ˫һУа˼⣺⵽ڸʲôĹģʲôأ
ʱ򣬵мӰʧԭأƵǸȥֻǿһĨӰʧ۽ǡ
أأȻĸƹıʵҲǿ
ǼӰǳƵظƵڹȥ
˻ûпƵصʱ޽Ȼ
䡭
ɣﳡ޽Ƶʮ״һͶ޽ơ
ԽߡƯڰУ³֡
ǼӰ࿴һݸһЦֻҪͣһǾֹͣȻƾǵʵټϹ˵һ²Ƕְɣ
˵ţָָվڽƵء
ĸǺأÿһ˶ǺǿټϹˣȻû£
ֻҪһǱֹ֤
۾һǣˣǱʵҲħˣ
Ǽ˻һۣһ˿ЦǸΪߵ˿ڣսڵ̫ϣǱߵսڵĶ̨ϳϣ
˵ţָָԱǸصߡ
ǿҵ棬ǶǺް취ǵĺ˸ǽط
֮󣬿ʼôǺȻǸǱȱطòģΪ޷ΪҲὥ½
ǵ֪ǹ˼ƲߵʱѾˣֻֻŻѹǹ
ߺԱһУ˵ͷԭˣ˵ôѹһͷأ
ǻҵĺǿأֵʵ
ƹ˽֪ΪʲôڳֵļȴûлҵأѲɻҵѡ
ĸɫȻͳڲͬΪҲԸΪǵΪѾ䵽ˣ

ǽ̫ˣʱ򣬹ͬĦٴ
񶫻ЩʲôǣȻȫȫ˵ǽԼıȫó
ߺɫһľսڵˣһƵصΣˡ
Ϊڹ˵һ˲䣬ϵ͵رϯеһУ·Ҫһжȫٵ
ЩҵĽһЩѾñȽϲȵģЩ£ͷ׷׺
ڻָĲˣֻҪǼһȫգʱټ񶫵꣬Ҿܹͻ״һ۷ˣ
ﰵң뵽⴦Ȼ޷ѹסԼĵļǱԼǿһЩ
˵꣬һһͬеĽһ͸Уʮ
񶫾ȵ㲻ǵʮôõʮ
⣬ǰĹȻͷϵĺժֳס
һ겻̫󣬵ǣɫȴͬһƵģѪɫԵ쳣Ĺ졣
㣬㲻ǹ𣿵ʮѲɴһʼ㣡ľˡ
ʮÿһһֺýҪ˵ãʵߵģǵһ
Ȼʵǵʮʮʮ
ǣҪǹ֮꣬䷢ôôϤ񶫽˵ɻ
ҵȷǹ룡˻Ƶ˵ԴӱɱҾһֱԻķʽڻָʵ
û뵽СӣΪһָ۷ʵǿЦҽռˣ
ڲ䷢Ļ꣬Ŀ׳ָʵؼȻƹȻѼߵ깩գָʵ
ʵһʼʹ㽫ĻյԸղ˿ԥɱ
ʵҴûдţһ̤ǵʱѾǿս̫ϳ
Ȼַڽϣٿʱ򣬶ԷĽȻѾˣбָڵ档
ۣսڵǸ̫ϳͷ­һ֮󣬾Ȼ
֮ڳһģӰӣӦǸս̫ϳϡ
һץģӰӾͱһţȻ󱻹սȥ
󣬹˫ۿʣµˡ


200 ʮʵ
ʲôȻɱԼ£ԼʵߺȻһ˵ĳδ̫ݶˡ
ʣµҲ㤣ʦܣѽΪʲôΪʲô
ˣҪʲôΪʲôҪɱǣǿΪõЧͣ㲻Ҫɱǣ
ʣµǸѾ־ȫռֻǺصߣǾ޷Ϊǿĺ߶սġ
οǵĶֻۼһʱħڳԱʮ֮һĹ롣
͸ûʤˣҲμӹħڵַȻԵʮΪ߼ϲԱ
ǽʮѾҵл۷֮ϵĸֲˡ
ЩطǿߵĻϣȻ޷סˣȫ
ҿЩϲɹĽħڵܣԣռ빥ȫ߽⡣
ϾȻǿǶǲ˵ǲ̫Զˡ
Դ˿ǵǿֱ޷
ƬƴȫǿߵŽʮɱһ룬ҲŲһ롣
οǺӦģΪǵĹǹĪ⣬Ͳ֪Էʲôʱ֡
ңǼÿһ˶һطνطܹʱ߿Խָⷽķ
⿴һ㣬֪ħǿʲôزҪ֪طǱؼһĴڡ
˵ƮһطʲôӶûпأǣħڵʮĻСɫȻܹһһôַ
ܹظԼˣӦط˰ɣһڵϲŵİ˲񶫷ȥ
һץסڼϣɫ˵
һЦЦ˿ȿ޺ò˶٣Ҳ㣬ĸԸ
˵꣬һ̤ͬʱǸߵǰ
סٴηſûκζǸߵͷ͵ֻ˫дĿ־塣
ʲôʲôʱĽôٶԽԽˣߺ̲סİ
ȻҲһĻʵԽԽӽ۷ˣӦÿҪָ˰ɣ
һӣǸͱģȻȫգĲѾܽӽ۷ˣֻҪ
˵ţ˿ҵǿߣ΢΢𣺡ҵϾͻָˣ
Ϊһָ𣿡˵ţȻľ޽Ӽٶ۵ĽָڵϵĹ롣
ĲӺûжƵģӲ̧ͷ˼ھս𣿡
񶫵˵ǲңҲǿˣھߣͷ͹Բ̫Զˣ
һ³Ƶؿţȥ˵˾Զĵطм񶫵š
ʵȸղǿ߻ҪϺܶأǹҪôľ룬һ˲顣
񶫵ıҪһЩ
񶫿Ƶ˺󣬵Ȼ뷨ڶԹ˵Ƶؼ˾͵ܹߵĲҩ
ǿҵ˿Ƶ˺ȻҲԸôɱˣҲȥ
кһȻԸԼĲҩôûˣһ̤ٴγһǿǰ
ַڽϣȻɿһͷڵϣһŰɫӰƮٴαա
ڴͬʱϿյҲˣܾŶԷظ۷ʵ
ɲǱ䣬֮սʱ̣񶫲ôɵһҪȵԷָ۷塣
ɱǸǿߵʱ˫ֽսݺݵһ˦ͻһɫӰӣ
ٶȣȫϵģǣҪҪ꣬ԸûʱĹ
ӦʱѾǰˣֻһ߾ʹ̽ؿˡ
ʱеûأȻץţԼ彣
̫ˣʹٶٿ죬Ҳ޷ܹ
طɣվǵĹʲôûУȻƽһߡ
ôһߣȻٴƽŲΣƶƵģԵĹ졣
䡭
̷ɣɫĽƵض룬֪ҽ¶ǿˡ
еҲһͬҽ˵£ڹУֻʣһ˿֮
ԭȻߣлǸ꣬ԣһ¶У¡
ɫһͬˮһ㣬һ˿ûС
񶫸ûлӦŬͷѾ˵²֪
֪Ҫٵʹ֮ϾҲǼķġ
ͿԿĲ㣬ӳȥҪغѵġ
й޿ɱİɫʹӵ±ÿһûô񣬵ƻǺǿġ
ոѾʩչһطˣͺķ˺ܶԲٴʩչطΪطǼΪķġ
οЩиô̫ǿҲôġ
֧Ļ뻯ߵͬˡ
ЩȻɢɫĹЩʹżǿķұҲһ˿
ǻѾһֽ׶ε
ЩɫĽڹϣҵĳڹĻ֮ϣһ˿û
ǣЩȻ޷ƿķǿ󹥻ȴʹù뱻ԶԶ
Ȼ棬е񶫷ȥڽոĵطһˮһѽץС
ˮҲ֮¶ȥ
񶫸ոûԼıͳʱѾֳֽ΢΢ζϾһ˺ۡ
񶫾óʹתһû뵽һȻˣٴγ棬ζ
ͬĵطһѪƮ˺ٴμһ֡
ɶ񣡡񶫾Ȼû˿֮Ҳ̫ˣǰ㲻һеģ
ǹĹǰΪ죬ṦȴУԲŻģ
˵ţһζ֮ǰѾ̴ֲˣ
뽣ٴ΢Ķ񶫵ֱֱۺŻȥ

񶫵ֱֻȫѪۣΨؿڣΪаĽڴ˻ûжؿ˺ۣӰ졣
ţΪȻҵĹ޷·ֺۣɭһЦ⽣ʺңȻĻһҪã
ʹ᲻ҲҪˣ˵ţȫųЩγһ޴ĺɫá
òϵڿб任λã֣Ī⣬·Ҫ̵
⣬Ȼǹ⣬ʹ汾ˣ죬Ҳ˷


201 ׽ս
ɢ֮ƣֽڵ˶סˣơ
ǣߺ֣ճ⣬軪ɢȣֱޱȱȽϡ
˵ֻǴѣ·̵ܽǣ軪ȴͬĿǽͱˡ
ңֻɢơͿ׳ɢơ
ڸߺѾԼķˣֳһƬңҵҴߣߣлʳرȸֵֿ
ЩڽұĻ͹֧֣ѹıҶ嶼סˡ
ƹʳЮȻܶзߺޣȴΪܶҪҵңڵڶɢ
ڽҳô飬Ȼ˲ŹˣжԽԹȫ۰Ͱ͵ĿҵĺϷء
ҵЩҲ˼ŽŴˣԺԼôӦľ棬Ҫлȡ档
Զڻʹߵһ¥ϣƷһ˿ɫԾɲʾ
ϣΪΣƷﵭĵ
ԱվĲǱˣǵαе˫ӥҳΪʹѾ˺ܾˣ̫ˣ
˫ӥ˫֮кȻһ˿ϣֻҪ׽ɹˣôǾͿзľ棬ƹƿǵУ
Ʒ˵ͷϣ׽ܳɹɣ
˵Ķֿħڵʮ֮һĹ룬ԽĪƣ׽°ܽЩ׽
Ʒ˵ͷ̾Ϣ̫ϻе鶼ͽˣ

ʲô⾳ôûߺȵ˵
ȻƱ軪˺ܶ࣬⾳ȷΪδżδ⾳
ֽھȵĿϿգӦþүүҽĹˣû뵽⾳Ĵڣ
⣿
ŶǵļʽУʽ޷Ԥ⣬ȴ˸޷Ԥ⣬˵⾳һľ磬ʱͿʽֱԽ壬ֱϣ
ֻҪûطǱɣ⾳ҲǷǳģȻѷס޷
ߺ˼ȥ㵹ҵıЩƣҵıһ㣬ӦҲֱõϣ
ңʽֱɱ꣡ұȻҲзȪͼʲôɢıȻܹǿ˹
֣ıȽϼ򵥣ǿӦǸߺı⣬ǿľԼԺĻ˰ɣ
֣ԼԱYYԼԺ⵽Ҫʲôأ۸˭أ
֣յ۾ɵƮԱһȵֽڣѾ⡣
ǰǲǻʲôУߺĵΪȻֽھȣǲδпһ˿ĵı顣
ֽȻһЦȻҵүүɲһǿҪȻΪ׽ĳƺôģ
ոأ뿪ʼˣ񶫣ΪΣҵĹѾˣ۷ʱ̵һҪǿһ˿䣬ұʹ졣
һʼ񶫵лЩȵģ뽲񶫺ȻĴЦ
룬˵仰ĿЦ𣿶»ָ۷壬ҿһֱڲϵĽΣɣ
˵գһַҽƽ󣬶ֳ룬ָſ³ڿС
ʲôͣͷɣ˵ţкȻһ˿ɱΣұضҪ
ɫһҵģҪҵūūۣ
˵ţȫһȫջȥǿеĿѾһˡ
˿̣Ȼô̫ǿˣ˵ĸоȴӵĹ¡
ÿһλζ壬ڿһŰɫӰӣߺӰЩƣȴͬ
ߺĻӰ˵Ƕڵһ㣬ߺֻڸߺ̫޷ʹֱ֮ͬĶֻһһ
ָ֣һֻԲһֻһ
ֻѴǧ򱶰ˡ
ǣӰȴصģһȥ֪ĸ棬ĸǼ١
Ĺ㻹ûɹֻ˵ͼĲ֣񶫳Ц
ҲһЦʲôʸ˵ңٶȶ˵ͬڹһҿĽĥ
˵ţٴһֻ̤ػӰıȴʧ
Σþûг֣ƾʧڿһ㡣
һУ㵽ҪôƵһأߺ˫ֱ磬ſеս֡
͵һȣܿʼγһɫĻ״ͬһһ㡣
ȻȫֱðֿʼֱϵɫСһ㣬嶼Χ档
ս֮ʮսϢ˵ţ͵ؽֵĽһȦȻֺݺݵȥһȭ
ûзʲô춯صĽǿĽǷһԲȦȽϵϢ
ǸԲȦʼѸţֻգۼ䣬ͽΧ棬һеǱ˫ۡ
Ѹ˫ۣս֮ʮһս
˫ֳתݺݵȥ˲ʧڰУһ⡣
ǣǽȴնڰоҲȥˣҲֳ
һõĺڽסúڽǸʧӰٵĹ롣
ôҵģɫޱʵ
ٴ͵Ϯ񶫣Ҹһģû뵽񶫾Ȼ֮ǰԼͬǷȴɽȥһֻӬһ㡣
ңҪǣСľ׽¡
ҵϢܷһϢĴڣϢǿɼĹЧ
ЦЦԣԺͲˣΪ˵Ѿûˣ
ޣݺݵ³һڿˮݺݵ˵û뵽ûѾɳֵزˣٶȹ澪ˣ
ô˵İսѾʮն뵱ʮն
󣬹һЦĹҲ͵̶ֳ𣿡
мЦЦʮնҲ̶ȣ
һࣺս֮ʮ壬أ
޽һתݺݵĺɫȥ
Ľ·֮ѹţһ±صȥҽ˵¡
ԭ׽˼ǰսߺˡ
֣һô֪ı飺磬治䱿˰ɣСڵүүŲǽаٽ𣿡

Բ𺮸磡
֪˾ͺˣߺ֣תۿս
֣תӸߺֻ߳۶ˣ˵˵ˣΪն߸
顭
ոĵĵطĴ˲ռ˲Ѿ̮ƽˣϵһЩʼȥ
Ľʬ壬ѪˮһЩΪ͵Ļ˶ȥ
ʲôһĿռ䶼ǻҵĿռ֮ŪɷĩȻʧǺڶĿռѷ
һ޷ԱǿǸطһ𱬷Ļǿѹøߺ޷
ʲô⾳ǿ󰡣ߺ૵ֻ˸ˡ


202 ɽVS
үү⾳ֽڽ˵
ߺĵӦ֮ɣ˵꣬Ŀ⿴ֽڡ
ߺ˵ֽھһعͷô֪үү⾳֮ģ
µġ
ֽڣ
ʵϸߺǲµģѹǸͬϵѹԼ
Ըߺ²⣬ԷһΪ⾳ٴ趯޽һҲܾˣ֮ʵѡ
žžž
ڹµĶ洫ٵǲ񶫣û뵽Ȼսֵزĺܾȣ
ո˵꣬һӰͳڿУǸڳϴˮ
뽫еĺڽָ񶫣Ǿͳı°ɣ֮һ
˵еĽһʧˣǹ뱾廹ԭأ񶫵ıȻһǹеĺڽǺ
˫һĹҵǱȫѹסھ㿴Щĳɹɣ
ս֮֮նɽ֣
תһȥ磡
ڿе޽Ȼ٣ͬһ󼲷һ㣬ոջѸǱ֮ǰݺݵһɨȥ
޽ټ񶫵ǱɨĿռ䶼룬Ŀռǿ
·ǿ˺ѣһƬƬģȻ󱻿ռѷսȥ
ϡ
һǱڽеɣٶͬһ㣬һšǣʵֻոշɳһͣˣΪٴʩչһء
֮ݶأ
ǱɫĽȻѸٻصıߣȻڹһץסȻָ񶫣ٵǷȥͬһɫһ㡣
֣֮
ոշɽ񶫣һΣһ룬Ȼٶ񶫴ȥ
Ϊˣû뵽嶼ζһ£ڲͬķˡ
ֱɷ㶼ǹӰӣһ£ֳ񶫷ȥ
ս֮ڰʮսϢ
ˢˢ
񶫿ٻӳҪҳǸĹ롣
ǣסˣΪոոо˸ϵϢȻͬǿһ
ǹɹȻĸ޷ĥˣ񶫵ͷ亹һûʹù
Ȼǹոɵ
Ϊһôױ𣿡񶫲û˱סս֮ɽ֣֡
޽ȻڿʧȻӰͻȻڿ֣ڲϵ࣬ȻûǧӰ
ЩӰÿһռնˣȻռڲϵлָǱ񶫵ƻԵЩ
ֻգۼĹƬռ̮ˣ񶫵ϰ׵ı¶ڿС
ǽʵͬһ㣬ǽʵĸÿһ鶼̺ǿϵɢ
ԭҲǰߣǾ͹ֲˣߺһ¾ˡ
ԭֽ֣Ҳ̫˰ɣΪǻأһý⣬ӦϼĹϽ
ңҲѾߺ̶ֳȡ
Ҫ˵ߺԼܴﵽ̶ֳȲ֣Ҫ֪ʣղһк
ټϻȪͼеܹ֮꣬ﵽ˵֮С
ԭүүǾͼˡ
񶫵ϲϵΧɢǿܵĿռ䶼Ťˡ
顭˵ǰ˵ӰȫˣԭÿӰʵĴڡ
ЩӰȥͬһȺյĻȳһ㣬Ͽնסˣ¹ⶼ޷͸ؼĽӰ
ɶû뵽ûһô󣡡Ѿóˣԭʮնû
ȻѾ˰սսˣսҲ
򵥵ǵһնȻÿԽԽǿһǿһһնʲô¡
սмеļƷˣ׹лûмܹȵġ
ɽ֣ǵھʮնʮնֵϣ˵ÿһ˱ⲻ˵ġ
˵սҪ̫ߣһߵĹʮֻģԱ˷ˣʱգѾûˣҲ
⻹ҲĽɽɹˣ̣֮
һŭ𣬷趯еĺڽÿռ䣬ڿһŵĽӰ
ģеĽӰԽԽ࣬ĺڽͣסЩӰ֯Ȼγһ޴ĺɫͷ
ǸͷаףȻ࣬ڶͫ״λãɢ޾ĹƺҪʱ䶼ȥ֮̽ȥ
ϸһͻ֣ᷢǸ޴ĽɵģÿһֶĽɡ
ͱǸðΧ档
񶫣ɣǸþȻſǿҪ죬ɳƵǸǹ
˵꣬ǸȻſͣݺݵеǧӰҧȥ
ſڵһ˲䣬ݺȻķͬһȮ
ǷĽâռ䶼͸һĿбҧӡһ㡣
Ǹ޴һھͽǧӰ֮һȻǸɱͷľ׽£Ǳµ򽣽ӰȻʧˡ
ȻǸͷͬһζĴһ㣬¾ͽеĽӰȥȻ󲻶ϵľ׽
ֻգۼĹЩǵصĽӰȻʧӰ١
һӰͿɵĽǿͬһɱģǰԵ˲һ
Ƶ֮Ǹüеҧȥ
ɫȻǵͨ죬߾еľ޽ɫĽҲͨ죬ͬȼܻ档
ңϺȻɢǿƣΧĿռ䶼ʼ飬ѡ
ǿ׳ʼƿѪۣͷ忪ڣЩڵͷѾʼת䡣
񶫵ƤԭӤһ㣬ϸȥͻᷢƤѾʼôֲˡ
ϵ˺ҲԽѿԽ࣬ҲԽ
Щ仯ķϵȴ޵ǿܵĿռԽԽ
ǸõʱҲȻþˣȻȼԸң
ǣҲһЦЦԵЩǣǿѪЩֲֻҪܽɱҵԸΪЩȥʦܱ𣬼ʹֵΣ
񶫵Ѿޱȵ˻ƣ˫ĿгѪʮֵ
һֱԼүүʮĵֽڶ̲סô죬үүû°ɣ
֣ʱߵֽڵߣļİɣǰôǿһµģȼֲԪ԰ɣ
ߺ󺹣ǰοȼȽذɣ
ûȸߺ֣գֽþȫս֮ɽ֡𣡡


203 ܾ
ȼԪս˵ÿһ߼ߵȨȼԪʱս
ߵãʵԪȼ֮ɳеԪҲ˵ǼԪ
ȻַʱսûһԸģΪǲҪķѴҪǣҪķѺܶ
ңҲǳ˱
˵ȼʮܹʱüԪҲʮӡ
һܻϾصߣĸһǵλߵĴڣ˵ٻ
ÿһʹ۹ҪΪϱ
ԲζĸŮʮпͻƷ˵һأΪߡ
һֻǧǿܵĻᣬû˿Եֿס
ŮӸˣഺգÿһŮӶ޷ֿġ

ǣȼȼԪһ¡
ȼԪֻǹ̶ȼտõʱ䣬ȼҪϵȼգֱԼֹͣΪֹ
ȻĻͻһֱȼȥһһֱ꣬˺Ϊֹ
˵һߣް취ʱʹȼԪѸٽ˻ܣ߿ܣҲȼġ
ǲˣͬھ˼
Ȼţȴʹ˷ɽ֡
޽˿ֳ̺ԼĿɰâųм仹޾Ļ
ռ䶼ʼ·ƹʶƬռѾܲסηǿ
ԶվƵضЩɵˣòոǰʵ޷֮ȫӳ
飬ΪϽױеôܾ
˵޽һԻ֮£ңʱҲ֮ء
죬
Ϊ飬֮
ոյΪ̫֮ԶˣʹõˣӳҲİٷ֮һ
ȼʵǿҲڿʼչֳһ˿Ŀ
ɫҫĵطرѣȪӿ֣ˮȻʮ֮ߡ
ڵ֮µ߳Ҳ׷ˣ֮ǸոճͱĽ˲ѹĩ
ʼ񶫽µΪӣϵд̮
ߺãһһץסֽ֣ڵӣȫʩչӰɼٺˣ󷽻ûľŵӰӼٺˡ
ֻһ˲䣬ߺ˳һҷɣΪǴڲϵ̮Ӽȥ
ֱߺ˳ֹ̮ͣѾﵽޣ񶫵Ѿܲסˡ
ڵͬһѪˣȫðѪҲϵѪ
ԣֳֻܷһʱѹסĽȥĲǱˣԼȻᱻǿĽѹ
˫ֳ߾٣ǸԲ׵ľ޴նȥѾ޷ֳˣڵ˫ֶǿ
ͬīռͬһֽ
ڿռ佥һԲ󱬷һ̡
𣡡
һ㣬Ǹߵʱ񶫻ٶ͵ؼӿ죬˲
ɵһɲǣ˲ռѣոջǰĽȴ˲ʧˣתϣݺݵնȥ
֨֨֨֨
Ǹ޴ͷȸ񶫵İ׺ɫĽײһΣȻǸþȻͬиһ㣬˲ֱֱı룬киûκζĴڡ
ֻкڶĽۣǿռۡ
Щ״þȻʼСмۼȥ
Сͬ˵һСֳ棬վ档
ͷʲô顣
ֻһգ۵Ĺ򣬹ͽеĹ˽ȥȻ͵̧ͷ
սȻǿֵزˣҿûеȻôǿĽ
·Եһ㡣
ո˵껰мȻһϸϸİ׹⣬֮·ѳ룬¶ǰɫס
Ȼ벱֮ϵһ˿׹ĵطȻʼѪİɫҲѪߺˡ
ոգĽѹȹȻһ½Ĺ֮ѹ½һ룬ȻʹӵмԪҲôƵһУһֱӹԼϡ
ڵĹ˵״ܲңеʩչʽѾõ˰˳ɵˡ
ټһ°ս֮ɽ֡ĹڵѾ֮ˡ
ɶ񣬽һ´ҶҪۼʮҪżȮһݺݵķųһݻ
ȻתȻʧӰ٣ߺۣ֮ڿпһӰ
˺޷εҡҡͷǹĪ⣡ϣ޷
ߺֵĿһˣǵεӰӡ
ǹɣ˿͵תߺķ򣬺ܿҵ˸ߺ
ıҪԼֲסˣȻ䲻Ľɱû뵽ȻСԿԼ
оһ񶫵ÿ˵һ۸ߺȻתԶȥ
ߺҲûгϾ񶫲ֶ֪ܼãҹҪߣƾ񶫵ṦΪ޷׷϶Էġ
Ǹոһǿ֮ģԸߺǵѡ˳Ĭ
ոʧɢǿƾ˲ȥͷȥϣ˿ʮֵƣ
ûǿΪ֧ţҲָһʼ״̬ú޹⻪ֻͨϽױѡ
վԶǸҺǿߣһӣ޽ֶɣһ׹⣬Ǹǿ߷ȥ
ֻ˲䣬Ǹǰ͸룬Ǹǿ߸ո֧Ļǰûһ˿á
·ֽһ㣬һͱơ
ѪɽǸǿߵʬֱֱ׹ȥڵһ׵ľ޿ӡ
Ȼ񶫵ҲͬǾʬһ㣬׹ȥ
Ƶؼæɹ񶫲ס䵽ϡ
һ䵽ϣֹס³ѪиǼżࡣ
ڣȺ͸ߺ˻ƮڣʮҪҸطָһ£
˵ޱȵĲϣĳĺˣƵأȥһȫĵطҪָһ£
Ƶص˵ͷתߺ˵ķ򣺡ߺһСģˣ
˵꣬Ҳȸߺ˵ͷʧңԶʡ
ߺ
緢ǲ˵ǻȥأ
ô죡֣ʸߺ
ʱһǵԱ𣺡Ǿȥɣ


204 ѹ̦
ڳˣٲߣҶҪȥˣߺ˵һҲûоֵı顣
ߺȣֵǸ˾ˣͷң
ԴӽҳҾͷ㣬֪һֱŻɱǣҪǿ־ǰͶˣ
ߺ赭д˵·һжָơ
ߺţ治ΪУҪһʼ˳ҽһߣһʼͱɱҽҲĺ
˵ţںһǽǴһӰת߳ĳҫϣֳıĿǽǺˡ
ڵĽûʱţһǲ̬ȡ
ڵĽɫûһ˿Ѫɫ˫񣬸ûһ˿
һҹޱ䣬Ӹ߸ߵƹĻȨˣһ±ɵļЩĵϵˣ˴󲿷֡
Ϊ㣬ܲµΪ㣬ǵĺ̨ûˣֻʣǼСҪҪΪұ𣡡
ɫȻĿԲгѪ˿
ߺĿһۣˣҪЩɱӣĲ²ħڵĲ룡
ô˵ҵĴˣҴˣҴˣ૵ڵȻеʧˡ
ߺĿһۣʧȥ˵٩˼˲䣺ãһЩأ
ãȻ̧ͷ¶ĿŸߺ˼Ȼתˡ
ߺɲһʼĿı㲻ħڣеһ˿ǡ
ڶμ뽭ļȷʼո㲻ףμҺͽҵʲôϵһɻ󣬵ţħȻ
ڣƹˣǹҪͳ꣬ǿԼʵˡ
ߺţɵ֮󣬼̶ͻ̵ĹңĻȥѰ꣬Լɡ
ֻҪչ꣬ϵͻƾͺˡ
νǴһ̣ȻǱˣǸߺʼɻʼûи
ڵĽԺʱʻȻ֪޲
飬ҲǺֻ֪μҵҲܡ
ҪʵʱһӰͻȻڽǰһƽ֮ȷɣ죡
һƽɶʮףײǽײһǽſͣ
챻һƳ׸ˣ˫пʼٴԻ󣬶ѣڣ
ӣռ˵飬ôٵ֣գ˽ڣǺĴӦ
⺢Ҳ̫ˣ´ҾĿӣƨƨ
ߺ󺹣ռ飬һô˷ܣңǰԲ˵ӣ˵˼Ҳ겻й𣿡
ֽڳɵˣⶼʲôˣ˵Ǻ˵ô˵
ߺ˼һȻһֳȭƣˣô˵
ô˵ֽ֣ͬʵһһô롣
ߺһСӣΪʲôôѲ۾˾˲ӣӣʱһ˰ɣ
ߺϲáţֽ֣ĿɿڴĿţ˭ûߺӣֱΪδţδ
ţ֪ǰ֣Ϊʲôôʹˣԭô棡һ˽ʮӣߺھûˣòͣ¸̾
֣пٽҼ䣡ߺתͷ֣˵
֣ʹåͷ­ˣ
ֽҲĴ磺Ժ˭ҲǧҪߺµģµ죡
һֽʣԼʮӣκβ˶ԷĻҪߺһٻ˵Ѫ
ûһѾɫڣ̶ҪǷŵǰ棬϶ֲǹ
ڵ״ߺֵףʲô𣿻˵ʲôˣ˵˵ĶԲԣòã
ߺѾΪүүˡ
㡭ۣȻѪˣһһ׶Զ
Ǹʮɫڣ仰û˵
ߺ̾͵Ժãô䶼ûƵģ
СӣҪʬΣǸʮſھ˵ǻ˵һ㣬ͿʼѪ
һﱻĸֽ֣ڶ޼ɵĴЦЦһ룬Ȼֹ
ΪǸϼһɢǿƣȻﲻ춯أǴӲĳ̶ȿҲǺߡ
һأǽҵˣߺҲƾʵʹ޷ƥС
οԱ߻һڻ񣬼ʹ޷ôɱߺֽڣɱ֣ȴûġ
˫ӥǰʹôһֱۿȥ𣿲Ҳһմ֣ߺ۹Ƴһ
һ¥ովʽѹ֮ݻ٣Ѿҡҡλαɷˡ
¥֮ϣһǣӱһˣ˲Ǳˣƹһ˫ӥ
ո˫ӥȰˣȻȥֿߺֽڼ˱˰Χš
ԼṦѸ档
ڳûһǿߣҲ˻֣ᷢԵҲİõĲǡ
û뵽Ĳ֮ȻߺôһССĻ߷ˡ
ʵߺûиоۣ֮ͨոĶһ˿ߡ
룬ǹǿ߶޷ڸߺ֮¶ΣҪ˵˫ӥˣṦӵйĹ˵ֱ˺ܶ൵Ρ
˫ӥ߳СӣȻˮ
ųƹˮ޺۵˫ӥ֣ôٵҿ޺ʱһӰԶȻȵڵϡ
һͷɫſͷŨüۣͬһǿ׳壺գû뵽ĺûˣҳһҪǸ쵰ҿڵ
⼸С飬ȻٲǣɱҿҵһλڣҲĲǣǽս
񶫵İսȻôǷɽ֣ȻˣҲЩȡ
̶ֳȣôƹԼƿ֮С
𣿡ߺ˿ûΣĸоɻĿ޺㲻иܵܽпҲǺ𣿡
ô֪ģֵľˡ
ǣߺûۣ֮𴦣ս֮ûϧһγ֣Ȼֻĸ
㵽˵ʲôûͷûβ˵̲סˣһȴм䷢Լͬǣʮֲ
ߺҡҡͷЩ˰ֵͬĶ
ʲô߶۾ŸߺҪ֪ߺ׽Լ˵ȱʲô
ߺ΢΢𣺡̦
˵ߺһһɢѹĶУȻɫޱ䣺ôˣ


205 һյ
ߺȻЩ̦߱ԱվŵļɫǺ죬׷׶ԸߺŭĿӡ
СѲɣ
һɫĶԸߺ˵
޺Ҳͬ˼ӦȽոΪǿңһһ׳УӾҪˡ
ֻ˫ӥɫ粻ĿŸߺˣҪסˡ
ΪӸոյ׽񶫺п⼸˵ĳǿھͶ䣬ҪԼֺˡ
ԣǵѡ˺ˣܵ뷨Ҫ˵ˣǴߵǸǿԼ˶Ƕ֡
ƹΪǹѾʵˣȰ۷Ĺ硣
ƹڸûкǿߣŻңûһǿߵĴڣĹ֪ƹͻʧڳϦ֮䡣
ʲô飬ߺͺ⣬ۣ֮񷡣
̫ˣ̫ˣֻһλᣬֻʵ̫ˣߺһ˵ţһߵеĶҿҪúðգʲô
ǱߵĽԴӸߺóеĶʱɫѾȫ־ˣҾȻɶˡ
棬桭쿪ʼӵĽǰĽա
ΪߺеĶֻ֪Ҳ֪ΪƳɵģɽҼϵظһЩܹõļһԼġ
ʲô£鱾Ͳã屻˭ҲܣټϸߺϵԼԼˣԶԱĽ
챾Ѿ־Ĳˣôŭһ𣬣˵ʼͲСӡҵġ
ڣСӵǵˣղͷ˵˵һһֲС
һҪϣˣ˵գеĸֲָŸߺ㣬
޺״ϣϵĵ̸ź⣬ߺһ۾ͿԿ½׼ƷɢĹâ
յɸֲֲ棬ƽĸֲһмǸߵĴ֮мǸŸ̡
ߺ˿ɣмУҪ뽫֮ԼϲһǸǲܵġ
ѵս֮û𣿲ܣɣǧҪ©֮㰡ߺһϸĹһ૵˵
УɢѹǴսõ
ԣһʼŻô־壬߶ҪУҪԼˡ
ǣϧǣûи˵ĻᣬȲĴý˵꣬һߵģһжǲܵˣ
ţˣߺȻ˫һۿԶս֮ˣ
ȻúһӰڸߺǰ˵Сӣһֱڵ֪͹ˣţǵ÷󣡡
սսɣСһ¹򣡡
սһ߸ϵı飬·Լȵĵ
ްֱǰ׳գⲻ𣿻һôԺôģ˳
ߺͷ󺹣Ǹʲô⣬սأ޳ˡ
֣εһʼ磬Ȼ֪ߺʲôĺУ֪ߺȻҼŭ⼸ˣһӦǡ
Ǹ
ֽڹĿ֣գͬЦһ㣬ȷһȻ˵˶˾顣
㿴ǣʲôӣԸһ󱲶ѣóԼıһָͿɱսν˵Ż˻ָ
ôսɣɸһսߺ˵ţһǱڽУңָսɡ
սһ¾ʲôҪҾˣСӷˣ
ߺЦݵĵ˵ͷûҪ׽
׽
ߺ̵ĻǾͲ֪ˣһԻ֪ڱվӲͶˣ
ɶ񣡡
С
Ը
šһ˫ӥʵǿ־񶫵ʵңԼڵĻʼҲûʧʲô˶ƹ쵼Ȩ
Ҫ⼸˽ߺɱ񶫻ٽɱˣôԺƹʣһҶˡ
ǸϼһʲôţǰɣӱȻȻ֣ҲѧŽյֱȻ˼¡
֣նˣֽˣ˫ӥɸһս
ֽһ̤ϽУңָվǵ˫ӥ
˫ӥϵȻǲˣˣõľȻнȷˣС񶫵ĹϵԲһ㣬ο˶֣˵ĺ֮ġ
ȻнҸսΣʱ򣬿޺˹۷ŹĿֽеϽ
ţҪеĽʲô뷨ֽ᲻֪˻еϽһεʵ
һ·ϣǿԼϽĶԼ̰ģ뷨跨ҪԼжߡ
Ͼнױʵ̫ˣеĻ½׼ƷأнױĻĹһɡ
Ը㣡սҲ˹˫۸ûпֽڣһֱеϽͣ
һ߿һ߲ͣ죺զզǹ񹤣ʽأǱ
Ҳһʱ˲֣ߺˣСϷģ
ߺεʼ磺ʲôʱ򣬻Ǳˣ
˵ţһ𽣳Уôûս𣿡
ڵ𽣴ͲʲôĽӸ֪нױ
һ£˵Ŀ⳹ױˣȻнױ̫ˣ
˸ߺһտĵطֻдǵģõеıΣ

ߺҡҡͷǲˣΪûˣ
˵ţָ߸ȥһʼڿ󣬲ɢǿƣߺ˫һֵƣԴԴϵеľȥ
оԼϵ֮ѹסˣ޷𣬶ֽ֣ڵϣһ˿ûˡ
Сʲôɶ̫ˣеһսռ˴ŭ
ߺһ٣ֱ̫ɵˣߣȻ˵ʲôƽ⼸һһɵˣֲıħڿţԭɵҲǻŴġ
ߺû˵ڣΪоԼ̫ˣֱͬһ޵׶һ㣬ô
ԼһӣߺоûˣЩԼðʧ
Ȼֹͣסոߺߺ˫һں𣿡
飡ߺ³֡
ϵȻ£Ǽ˽ĸ棬Ҳϵôûа취ѡ


206 ɱ
ɶСӣʲôǳȥУҪǳȥһĲǣ
ԱûôֻǱ˫ۣһ㣬Ǹߺ֪ŬĸӦҪһͻ
ǳȥ㻹治ͨıߺԱ߸̾ǿߣһʧȥԼԽͻͨ˶硣
ߺ˵仰֮˿ûзϻ𽣳еĽ㣬⼸˵ࡣ
еֻͨˣҲ壬ϧûС
ѪƮ𽣻ʣеǼҲ׷ױ
Աߵ˫ӥ𾪵Ŀɿڴֱ̫ˣ߾ȻΪصߴˡ
Ҫ˵Ҳй澳ͿɱߵĴڣЩ˴󲿷ǻصߣǰΪģǻء
ǿҲֻǻأǣôˣȻɱߣҪģ̲ӡ
һûͱߺƷɱˡ
ʬ֮ƮŰ׺Űɫϵı仯͹һ飬γһ
ǿ޺սɵףϵڿŤСţǲŹǵģǶ֮󣬾ǵ֮ʱ
ߺ˫һУֻӳһ⣬˲ͽ˶סˡ
Ϊƾ⾳ʲʲô⾳Ȼ˾ʹпãôܣ궼Ҫסˣ
ֽ˹磬ɹ𣿡
ߺ˵ͷȷɹˣҵ⾳̫ˣ޷˺ֻʱסǡ
ҵĽԣֽ˷ܵ˵նɱˣǰЩ鶼үүڿԼһˣ
Ͻ֮ĺϽ˵ţַſϽָֽɽϽƮڿУͬԸߺһٴαɫ
ĺϽдǿĽ⣬ֽ㾡ȫĽ⣬Ǽնȥ
Ҫߺ˵ž֣Ҫٴηһ⣬κΣʱֽڵĹѾˡ
ǵɫĽһ˲ն˸ߺı֮ϣ˼ӣߺıضһ֣Ի޷ôǿĽ⹥
˵ߺıֽڵĽ̶Ȳ£ԸߺıûеסǵɫĹˣһƮɢܡ
ǣǵɫûжκ˺͸
ߺıܹãΪߺıⱾ˺ãֽڵĽȴͬ
Ľ⻹ûǿܶ˺ĳ̶ȣֻǽƵˣҲǸߺոΪʲôҪֹֽڵԭ
Σ˵ѧˣھߺôǶ㵽ߺԶĵطǻָˣǱ
ߺĿһۣɱһΣɱΣҪңȻĻһΣɱһΣ
ǳ룬ֻҪǻָˣƾǵʵҪֿǼֱ죡ĺ
쳹ҹգ·ӵдһ㡣
ƾǣ£뷭ߺ˵ţоۼ۳ɽƣԶ˴ȥ
˵ξȽϽһ¾˵棬ڿƮǵСһŹǵģ
磬ô죡֣ɫҲĵҲǲ޵ģνǹ׶㣬ѷߵĹԼԲʲô¡
ߺ˵躦£ˮڣҪָ۷Ҳô׵ģ
˵ţߺߵʬǰһѳ
ڵûһ˿ѹͺͨһ㡣
죬ڣڵˣߺ˵еЦ˵
һʼǿ־񣬵ǣ˿־嵽ǷŭģеҪ㣬ӣ
Ǽһһǰһֵģߺ˫һУֽڣһ֮
õģ磡˵ţֽнָ򽭶һɫĺϽ˲ͳڽǰ
Ȼʮֿ־ߺǣѾʧȥˡ
֧һһУƾۼԽۼԽǿĵγһ׶תǵɫĽȥ
ֻһ˲䣬ͼҵײһɫĽǿҵת𽥱Ʈ˷
Աߴȥǵ׶ֽڷȥ
ȻģǣƵҵһ𣿡ָֽһȻһתǵɫȻ˻
ȻػصĶǵ׶ײϵ׶ɢڿա
ߺҲûţһΣڽֳһߺӰ֮ӰΡ
򣡡
ʼۣȫ۳ɱ򣬽棬ٶһ
ߺ𽣳ʣÿһӶһг֣ߺӶ𽣣оͳڰգ򽭶ȥ
ոձΧ͸оˣκΣڱ֮Уٶȣʵۿۡ
ԣߺʱ򣬽ֻת
ߺֽڶսĻĻ˫һν
һ˫һУ̫СˣʽҵĻƲ
ȻĻ˵ûǽһ¾˽˫ǰҿȫ棬ɱ⽣̼ı˫ۡ
ߺûΪ΢΢𣺡ƽؽؽƽ
ߺʹƽǽ̺źƣһ¾Ƶ˽Ļţʹؽһ֮γһ
ؽٽԼӡĺ
Ȼ󣬸ߺٴʹƽʱ򣬽ѾӦˣһת浲סߺƽ
ǣȻס˸ߺ𽣵ƽȴסǱӡĺһʹ̽˽ؿڣ˸͸
㣬㡭ٶ۵ĵͷԼؿڵĺоԼȫǣ޷
ͬʽΡ㣬Ϊʲôɵվʵ
ߺһЦ⣬㻹ȥգ
˵գߺ𽣣㲻˵仰ˣ쵽ҲûףߺΪʲôͬʽܻ
ʵܼ򵥣ߺµΪһЩںֽս֮УΪ˺ܶ࣬ټϸߺĵ
ʽһҪһ±ʽĴҲҪոаνýʧߡ
ٴӡһȻòؽȽָߵʱ򣬾ֻһԼԲδǱ
˵Ļ¸ߺĹδЧ
£ԶˣΪΪ̫ˣʹˣҲ޷ϡ


207 紳ʹ
ηᣬ֮ɱ죡˫ӥԱ߹˫ơ
ߺ΢΢һЦ־ҵҲҵ£Ҫ֪ʵǿȺߵģ
˵ıҲû뵱֣ݶһ֣綷Ĳ£һ֡
Σ⿿ֽʵҲ˼֣ǾԶġ
ΪʹߺţԼҲ֣Ķ֡
ǾֻһͣǾǸոշ飬е־壬ʵۿۡ
գɥҲʮģǲܱһƽ֮ģʵҲƽҲķǳԶ
ô˵ʵضҲǷͬСɣȻԲὫܣ˫ӥЦĳ޵
ߺûʲô˿仯ı˱ȭ¸ˣ˵գֽ֣ھˡ
Σûлվѡ˻ʹԱһܲ۵ĵطߺʹñԼΪ׷ס¶ֺ
ֽ֣ûڸסΪȻûиߺôȫǣøߺһСıɱҲǲܵġ
ֽڴ˻øߺһ£ڻȫӲɫҰףؼǾ꺣ܵһ˿˺
ǸߺּʱֽгӦûˡ
Ҳ߶ս⾳භģʱֽҲзǣøߺΪĻȫɣȥеĽ䱸޷Ϊġ
ҲǸߺΪ̫˵Եʣ޷ƺãΪܹӵĻӦûһЩ

磬Ǽʲô֪ʲôʱֽھȻҲиߺˡ
ǵشȽΣС˵Ҳ⣬ҪΪƹʶôңʶرȫ
ߺиоʵڽĻ۷ǿߣǿɲȽ죬ʱ򽭶ȫʵЩ˵Ϊ۷ʱ̡
ߣ⼸˵Χ֮£Ҳֻбķݡ
ߺֽڻ֪֣£͸һһʮĵ˳
ŶԭӢѹ˹أܶѹ˹ذҲǣȷǣҲʲôˡֽڴȤ
֣ղͷ˵ȥȥȥ㻹˵أ֪˼Ҷϲˣе׷
仰ҲЦʵ֪һ˾ͽ̣ǣţ仰˵ˣߺԸἰľһ档
ߺĵطһ仰Ҳᡣ
ǣ¿ֽڣƾԹɫı£֪֣տ϶ſڴƻƣߺ顣
磬˵ˣмϲ㣬׷㰡ֽڽŵתǹͷŸߺʡ
˵£Сٲ죡ߺϽתƻ⣺ôͻȻôˣǸ㲻
˶һۣ֣ȿڣǴˣֵܣԺϴ϶һ
ָֽ֣˵ֽڻͬĵͷǾ仰ʶͷȻӦ
԰ɣСգ۲Ƕ˵ˣ϶ôĵô죡
ʲô㶮ұ磡Ҳһ£
Ǻʮ꣬͵ϴô˵
ô㲻ôأ
λͿʼӵۣߺԽԽζԽôϣǣȻôҲûϴһеΪ潡ǣΪҲǡ
֣ϴ˵˻вУ
˰죬ڶߺϴֽ϶֣
ԭڸߺ˼ոƵ˵׻ȥĵʱ˳ųţȻˣоԷʵľ

磬ڵʲô˳ˣֵ֣ʵ
ؼ磬Ҫ̽ʹҲϽȥɣôͿʼţ
ߺƳһۣôżˣҲȥẦߵ֣գڵ磡䱸Ϊиʱ򣡡
иĲӦ𣿡ֵ֣˵
ֽһ֣յͷ˵ľԴ㻹뵽ѲƷ벻𣿡
ǣ磬㲻ǸرֱӴҡڵĽȥˣ
ߺЦŶ˵ԭһƷһ֮󣬾ͺƽûʲôͬˣԸߺҪĲˣвԼһγ
ǲ룬һ˫ӥԣߺ׼£㲻ܴŻһǿԵİɣ

ʱһһĹȥٽ磬ʱҲƣʱ򣬴˯˯
ߺ˴һףǽ
ֽߺֶ˵߶ȼֱ顣
ԣߺ֣գǽ
һʼ˻ʮ˳ǣԽ־Խ࣬ʱߺ˲Ѵ輸ˡ

ƹʹڲ֮أƷԼŮ̸һЩ顣
ҪֱŤˣǸˣϵǳսȻƹֻʣǻʼһҶ󣬵ǣҲˣףҲǱƲѵ飡Ʒ˵
ԼҲΣǰЩӸոձսҪס
֣ҹʲôͬأҪ֪֣Ԫ˧ʵʵҲǲ°
ŭĺͬһŭСʨһ㣬ǽ⡣
ƷεĿЦһ㶮ʲôȻϿ֣ҵȷ½ʵ޼֪½ҵѧԺרΪŵѧԺ
ڵ½δͬһ㣬ѧȻţҲ޼ѧӣĺͽһ㣬ұᡣ
ЩϢ㶼ǴģЩǲǱҿ𣿡ֵĵ
ƷһңħڣҲôǲ֪ǣ˫ӥмͽǻ켣ѧԺΪǴ̽˲Ϣ
˵ǷʽѧԺͲ֪ںηڽڹ֮ǰضϴԣЧ½ңȻΪĳܰɱҲѵһ֣ԣ֣ҸͬһЦһ㣡
䣡
Ʒ仰ոأһƷ룺Ҳ̫ˣֻǸŮϸζѣûŪ
ô£Ʒŭĺ
ʱ̫ܽʥϣͨߺֽڣһδ֪ʿŽ
ߺֽڣôߵһȥģƷɫ˵Ҳ̫ˣľȻҴʹߣ޳ȥ
ƷһЩȥոճžͿˣҲסĵطȽϸߵԵʡ
棬رĸΧģ֮ߺңң
ŽǷº׳Ҫɱң֪ΪʲôûˣߺЦ
ⳡֽҪЧ͵ģû뵽ߺȴֹ֮ս
Ƭĵשȫ飬ҴѿһЩˮðţǸոճͷͱɱ
֮Īͷʲôʱ˵Ҫˣ
ߺ΢΢кɫһϻ˵ɣҵҪ㵽ʲôͣ


208 
ƹʹߣɱ˽̸ƷʲôʱһӰֳڳС
и߾ٳꪣݺݵ˵м䣬Ƭ˲˳ʮס
ңûһĽǱѹȥġ
ǣߺûκα飬ѸȥǱߵĶ֮ҲһѸȥ
ţԱߵĴؿʼƣһ޴ķ϶쵽˸ովŵĵط
Ӱվֳꪣָǰ˵ôʹߣɱһʹߣɱٽߣɱ
ÿ˵һɱ֣ϵɱһ֣˵ǸɱֵʱһѪζڿУߺоԼս
˺صɱǿΪߺվһԣ˫һУоȵ
۴ˣأֻ²ӣͷңһɫĴֲݲݵϵͷϣͷڰײΰ룬Ͽ˾ᳬʮꡣ
˫֮ϻһֲ֣һһģӦ⡣
ȫɢſֲɱܷ·𶼱ɺˣɢĲǻ۷塣
⵽ʲô˼û׽𣿡֮ɫЩȻ˵
ضԼǰôӣоԼϻģǣֲǰˡ
֮˵ʱһָٽɱ
˵ţĳꪾͿʼŤ̫ǿ󣬵¿ȫŤԵʡ
ģǲֿȻ˺ɫѪɫͬѪһ㡣
Ҿ㣬ɲҪ֪ʲôҿǻʳرĽұǰأ
ܾ֮Ų۹ⲻϵԱߵƷϣԼĹܹȾԼ
ĵ̫СˣǺսˣÿһǷУҴӴҲս飡
ǣڵƷûпȥеעȫеĸߺϡ
ɲô࣬еĳꪣ˲ڶ֮ǰꪻһ֮ɨȥ
ͬѪȾһ㣬͸һѪȵζ
ߺ˫һʵǿȻûнǰǿ󣬵ɱѾųˣֻҪһɾͿƼɵɻɱ⡣
Ļ˵һ¥ɲ罭죬ǽҲ׵Ļٰ
˲žȻƹʵ۵ˣ̫ˣߺа̾
Ҫ֪Žְλ͵ģ˵ʵҲǹ֮ģû뵽ȻֻǸŽ
ɺĳɨڶ֮ĵ֮ϣ֮ı˲룬ȥײܶʿǿͣѪ˫ۿ־Ŀ
оԼ˫ϴľʹӦǶˡ
ٽߣеĳһӣռһ˿Ѫ⣬֮Ĳȥ
֪֮ԼĻӦû̫ãľǰ⻤Ĳ
ˣƷﵭ˵
仰Ǹޱһ˿̵΢ЦΪɱ㶼˵أ
ƷﵭĿһۣϾҵˣ
ʼ磺νԼֻסţȻ˵ɱıǣ㡭
˵ţĳңָߺˣһʹһʹٽɱɱɱ
ߺŭЦ˼Ҫɱˣ
ûЦꪣߺֽڼ״ѸߺǰϵĴ˫֡
ˣˣҪúõ¶һ֣
ߺַֽڵļϣԱ˵Ҫ˼շ
仰ֽסˣǰɣ磬ң֪жǿ𣿿Ҳб˵Ŀԣ
ߺ˰֣ɣ
˵ţһԭһӰȴֽ֮ǰ񣬺ŵ֣
˵ţߺȫʼ⣬һǿıɢܵĿռѸ½˺üʮȡ
ˬ̹Ǳóǵĺ䣬·ĺУ̽˵Ĺͷ
ߺܿʼѩƬƬһѩڵϣߺվԭأԾһԲʮڱüžκﶼ޷
Ҳͣ˽Ų˫һУоܵı仯˵δǶ֣
ߺ΢΢һЦ˴ˣҲܹӮ㣡
սɣͲϰ˵˫ֽճꪣݺݵߺ¡
ߺֻ˫ۺһꪾǰȻô죬Ҿ٣򣡡
ߺ뺮˲䷢ܿʼγ˱
ĳһ¾ûڸߺı֮ϣߺֻԼıһ£Էĳꪾƿ˱򣬽С
ǣ֮Ѫɫĳٶȱ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˸ߺᡣ
ƽ
ߺеĽһתĳꪵȥ򵹹ңһʣѸٵ㵽Էĳ֮ϡ
Ȼ󣬾ȻһԷĳˡ
ʲô񾪺һ屻˼ÿһڵ¾޴ѷ졣
ºø߳ļɣȻýȵ˵
ߺҲɫࣺҲܲȻ˵еķ֮
ƽƽƽǸߺսսġ
Ϊʽͬһ㣬һǿٶ˥ߡ
ԣߺڶԷǿʱѡá
ĳꪹߺеĳʱ򣬸ߺŶԷĳȻ󣬵ȵԷȼСһĳ̶ʱһƽ͵ر
ԣĺʵʵ˵ߺƽԷһ֮Ͳ£ߺһ֡
øߺû뵽ǣԷȻǿߣӦôﵽĽ
ߺֽڲͬһǴߡ
⿴ƾԼ֧Ϳڸߺıв˾֪
ķһܾˣƾķͿԵסߺĺ
ҲΪû޷γɻԭŲûġ
ߺɫ˵Էǿֻǻ˵ߣǿѿеĹͷ
ˣٶѸݣȫʢʱڵĽսȻ޷սʤ죬ǽҲɱ
Ȼҿˣӹҵģߺ˫һУȫʩչӰɡ
ýؽؽƽߺһʩչֽŵӰΧֱת
еĽһͬվм
ۻҵĽһͬκһˣӾңǸߺһ飬Ǿ۸Ϳκζ
ԣߺһЩˣֻǿٻһеĳꪣѪɫĹâӿ
ӡĺ߿գþ֧飬ߺеĺڽ죬ؿڴ·ˡ


209 ո
һߺ¶һ˿΢Це˼û˫вУȴ㣡
ģҲУҾͿԸожǿ󣡡
Ȼ˵ɣп쳣ľȣ֪ߺöٽġ
ղֻһĽ磬ڽҪӽԼʱȴоڿֳһ
һǷͬСɣߣӦܶ࣬һ¾ҪԼ
ǣû룬ߺеĺڽȥ߾֮ν
ߺĽͼڽ֮УĲȥ
Աߵֽڲ̾׽ȻϲϽֵɵĻϽ޷֮
ֽ˵ûϽĺвᣬǰϽ߾˺ֹһ

һΪ⼸ΪԻң̫Сˣ
˵ţȻǼ⣬˫ֳꪣߺĺڽݺݵĴȥ
ﬣϣ
ڸߺڽĻ֮ϣʹ֮޷ǼϣȻһ˿Чû𵽡
ֻ·ϳ˼𣬶ʵûһֻ¼׺ۡ
ɣ¶һ˿̵΢Ц˫ʹߺֻһǿĵҪԼ
ңһɱ¾γɣԼǳ־ǰˣֻҪһ˿Υͻһ߲ʬ
ߺȴȻʶԣոҪոģھȻܵͷһһɱã
ССɱƣҲǰף𣡡ߺ֮кⱬ˿˿Ѫɫĺɢ
⣬ͬèһ㣬Ͳһϡ
˵ôƽضľ޷壬ôԿ
ʲô⣡ԼɱһѾоˣܹô췢ԼƣѸٽǿ϶ɡ
Ҫ֪ʹǾųɾŴԲ֮ƶ޷ԼɱƣǣԷȴڷֵһ˲ͽ֮ϳˡ
ҡֵǣЩϳɱƣԸǿ̬Լ
оԼڱѣɺıûԼ޷ʼϢ
ɶȻɱƣӷʹȫߺͱȥǿռ䶼
Ȼʹʼ⿪ʼɢֱʹ̮һ룬ֻΧ󹬻ڣҲҡҡ׹
ߺƲãҲģҪٳһԵһ֣ǴƷ棬Բưոݵġ
æ趯еĺڽ
ߺĺڽһ±ǿĺЩһһϸߣеĳƶȥ
ֻգۼĹ򣬾ͽ֮ĲסȻ͸ȥ
ϵһ¾ʧˣռҲ𶯣ʼձǸ
ߺûڽӰһͳĺ棬зĲ֮ϡ
񱣳ǸƲʮӣƿ˸ߺҲڶǵͷˣҲѣҪ봳ʹҡ
˵⣬ȻͣסˣȥʹѾ̮ˡ
˭ɵģȻŭ˭ոյȻѾˣϾոȫͶսҪѡ
ԿˣǺսʹһСĽʹˣҲ̫˲˰ɣ
߸ϵƷΪ֮ʹˣ֪Լ
ߺǵĿһܣоղȻǿǣûǿʹܻٵ
οʹ󲿷ֶһЩһضص߶ҪƵҪ˵ʵԶԶߵˡ
Ѳ֮ʮǰвʹǸˣʮȴԼٵԼҪػĶЦ
Ʒǵˣʮǰʧְ֮󣬵ƹǿԻ˫ۣеΣ
ЦЦǿЦߺһԺȻЦ
ΪηЦƷɫĵ
ߺһָЦӹ޵ЦҪǷǣЦ
󵨣ȻЦޣˣͬһ͵شƷŭһӣ
ҵҪмҵĶ֣ߺеĺڽһϺŷĺӿ
մΪµߣ׷ױһҲܶ
죬ˣʮأһı۾гꪵãҪؿڴȥ
Ϳߺһгһͽеĳɡ
ҲҿűľģûȫսꪣȻƾߺɳꪣеѶȡ
һûв´ģӦǹ룬ڰսģһҪסߣǲ۵𣿡
ΣԲʹǺҲôƷҪأ֮λ޴ǣ
Ʒﱻߺôһֱ˵Ȼŭˣˣ⼸ҳӶ࣡
ǡ
ܵľӦǣ׷׿ߺˡ
ߺ˫һУһ𽣳У˫սݺݵĴڵϣ
һȦڼʮ֮⣺Խߡ
˵꣬ߺһȥνһ͵͵ڷ
㡭Ʒʲôʱܹ˲ᣬһ죬һϵģɷǺÿ
̾һ֪Σһ㻹߰ɣƷ﹬һߣȻĻʮ֮ǰҲᱻԷ˫ۣ
ߺƳһۣӿˣҪԺңô⣡
˵ţߺϵԽۼԽǿ𽥳Խӵе۷壬ľзӿȡ
ߺ˲ѪڣѪӿڵϣȾƬ档
㣬Ȼūŭĺ
ūߺתһЦģҾԲ㣡
ֻεһЦ˵ҵǲӦҵģ
ߺ˫һô˵ǴӦˣҾͲˣ
ţߺȫƿʼһױȵĺбŷͬɢƣܽһбеĺ
ǻߣɺΧ̱ɱ񣬶һ˿
ǣ£֣۾૵
Ӻ͸ߺһڣֻߺһʹǾںԭɽ棬ߺΪߣɱߵʱ
ʱ򣬸ߺʹ˳ԽǺ󣬸ߺΪȫϡ
ˣˣ£ȷ񣡡ʱ˫ӥȻм䣬ѹ˸ߺ


210 
֪ǰкָ̣ҪֹⳡսǶԸǣߺ˵ţһʧС
һɲǣ˫ӥͫһۿȻסߡ
ңߵ궼֪ȥʲôطˡ
˫ӥ˿ɣղţֽڲ֣Ǽ˵Ҳᱻߺıĥ

Ǻǡ˫ӥεЦ˼
˵ﻰǴһʱĳһֱͷ˸
治ףϺаƵģǿһʱĺһ˲׸ߣ϶вԼ
ǣƫƫԼȴĺ¡

˫ӥ˵飬ߺҲôˡ
ǿڴˣϿյıֽǱϵģҪǣⷽԲʮĶ
ǽﻹˣǹɼǿĳˡ
ڵĻʹľͬͨĽһ㣬߶Դݻ٣ȻȽ
ҪǸߺȥͻ֣ᷢЩΪص˶ˣʹеĹŮ̫ࡣ
ֻڸոսƷʱ˲ǣԵڻûеõϢ
ͬ绯ǽһ㣬Ļʹڳһãʲôö𲻵
ƣ˷ս֮£׷ƿ
֮󣬸ߺ̾ߵƻʵ̫ǿˣֲøĹ涨Ͻսأֱһƽս
ʵʹ飬Ʒ֪ˣҸɲ񣬵û뵽ǣ˫ӥȻȫ˵ˡ
֪ô㣿ߺƷﹰ˹֡
Ʒɫݣߺû뵽㵨󣬾Ȼƹʶɱˣֱ벻ˣá
ԴӸߺóڽ֮Ʒ֪ˡ
ڽõһģһƷ²⣬һǸߺĳַ˽
˫ӥƷѲɵӲɣѵԼһֱãһȽ飬øߺϽߡ
ɵãһߺѵԼɣ
£Ϊߺ²޹йɱǼҿʮа˾ħڼϸ
˫ӥϽվΪߺ⣬룺ڰڣϽӦˣߣȻĻСѱ
ⲻ֪ڵĸߺֻһֻֽϻиǡ
ֻϧӡ־̫ˣֱһ̶ڸߺԣ¸ߺԼһ
׻ô˵ţһ㣬㡣
ҪԼôһƹҪǸûˣ
⡭Ʒסˣ˫ӥһرȫߺһ뷨ֻûš
ǺãˣƷεĻ˻֣оԼϻġ
ߺָҡҡҿɲߣΪҵĿĻûдﵽء
Ʒһͱˣ㣬㲻Ҫ̫
˫ӥɫһ¿λүүôˣѲҪǸϾɱ
µ׻ʲôǰ죬ֻ˵ǣܹ쵽һ쵽˫ӥɫѾÿˣʮߺе
ߺһָһұߣӴ֮ƹûзֺϵ
˵֮ûе˫ӥ˵ƷȲ˵úúã˵ôˣ
˫ӥε̾һǿʦһƬİϧԴһʹ֮ΪȻδд
ȻʵǿǶʱƹ˵ȴû̫á
ԣƷһֱҪأʱ޿̶뽫ƹοǼһڴ֮ǰһ
ƹ˵ˡ
һѾȻصı飺ߺǰɣȰ㻹ǲҪչ£
ߺ΢΢һЦΪʲôأѲڻҵʵ
񷣬һ̾Ϣʵҿˣķڷǣߣ˵ɱ֮
ָƷˣЩʱ޿̲ڵ飬뵱Ҿȹ游˵ͽϳȥˣ
ߺַļϣĵ˭飬ҹܶˣƾ仰϶Ҿûˣ
⡭˰죬Ȼס˫۵ƲʪˣˮѾϹ˵˫˳
һ֪޺ӣ˵꣬ϵƾȻʼת䡣
Ϊƶڿʼɱ䡣
ǿɱܵ˶Ƿ·ֱϵĿ־壬᲻˿֮⡣
ߺ˫һӹȻûпˣһȻھͿʼͻˣһΪ˫˫ͻơ
Ҳ룬Ҫ֪Դƹʮǰ봳ʹƷ̬ȴ䡣
ңǰĴԼûκһ飬־ΪٽͻƱԵ
ΪħԳٳ޷ͻơ
ڣڸߺһ仰һħý⣬ѹʮΪֱʼԭͻơ
ƷҲû뵽һʮΪδдǽȴֱͻƣ⾳һͻƵġ
ɱ֮ɱ⣬ɱͷųֱѹͶԷɵĹνǿ֮һ⾳
һ֣ȻԼˣֱǺ޵
Ȼܹͻƣ˫ӥûԼ޸ߺȻһִԼߡ
޵ľԼԼЩһ㣬Ҳᵼ׵ıߺո
˵ͻˣһ˫ӥĸ֣ھȻԼˣǰһ뻹Լ£ūš
ˣǻʲô飬Ͽ˵ɣûеĻ͸ϿߣƹӭǣƷﲻͷĻ˻֡
ϣҾͽˣ˵ţȥ
ߺһɲУǼ²Ҫģȵƹ£
ʲô£ƷοɹҲסˣһЦݿģڵʮһСˡ
ߺ΢΢һЦ»߹
һ仰е˶ը˹Ͼ֪Լҵĵһˣܵˡ
ߺ̫Ʒʵܲˣָſһγɣ˫ӥֹ
ߺоԼ岻ǸȥҪԱߴɭֲ
˭ҶһëҪȫСһ
˵꣬һѪɫ⾳˷·һƬѪûˣƷҲױݻ١
ԭʱѾͻˣһʵʵĺˡ
˫ֳꪣڸߺǰͬ죬ԺΪұеĽĪҲӣ
ߺ֮𣺡˵ֻҵҵūţԺүɣʲôʱߣҸߺ
ƹȻԽ̸
ƷܵˣϣҲ֪Ϊô£ƹʵ۵㣬콫⼸նݳ


211 ɽ
⡭˫ӥЩɣƷļ֮£ߺȥһ·ȴľս
Ʒٴδһӣˣߺ£
˰үߣסΪҸߺܶ࣬⣬¶㲻гһӣĻʹٴαѡ
ߺȴ΢΢һЦ£ԸҵģɱĻˬ죬ɱһҲ޷
˵ţߺһûκУߺһߵһ߷ӭ˫ӥȥ
һɲǣ˫ӥ¶һ£ͣסں޲תߡ
Ȼ֪ܲܶԸصߣðա
ϣڸʲô㵽ôˣƷ̫˫ӥΪˣڰͲסеĺ棬ɻʵ
˫ӥԼĻƳһֱߣԭԭĸƷ
Ϣ֮ƷһȻд˱ɶΪʲô¶Ǳ˵ġ
ɲ˵һԵԼ˱˵ԵԼʵ̫ˡ
Ȼ֪Ǹߺϻ˴ıƷо˼
ŮԼֹһ˫ӥԼֻһûԼʲô鶼첻ˣ
뵽⣬˭һĿȻˡ
λûеҪɽչٴʵʩԼҰġ
ţߺҹҲӢܣԸλƷһɤӣװģ˵
ֵǣȻûԼĸһֱעŸߺߵһˡ
ߺҲʼһû˵˾֣ա
ԴӼ֮󣬸ߺʼû֣˵
֣˶Ŀһֱӣߺսû˿ӦֻͻƵһ̣Żع
עһ񣬱ȫȫעŶ
ͬƷﺰ˺ܶΣԻ
ǣع֮ҲδԼĸףһ֣ȥ
ƷǼȵƣôˣѲԼʵͷ𣿾ԼŮԼˣ
ߵ֣յǰѩ׵֣֣յգʵ˵㣬㡭
һĻ˵ˡ
֣ĬĬ˫ۣˮͬ˸еΪҲˣû뵽
޸λߺƷΪߺʮϲԼŮ˷顣
ضƹûһ˲òߵġ
ߺΪֹƷ˵ҪģҪĲ޸ңǼ޸λֵܡ
νˣ߰ɣҽӦǵĻˣλţô
Ʒ˵޸˭νֻҪܽߺߣк󹬼ȫߺν
ϾߺӣôԼԼЩŮпܱ
ܹʵۣܵġ
ߺû뵽ԼźӣȻôȣ΢΢𣬽õջأô¾͸ˡ
ţΪǾлߣϾҲûóҲûʲôױ
ߺ΢΢˼һ£ʮΪѵ˵
˫ӥ˲䱩ŭˣСӲǴ
òˣڼױˣǻƽ˫ӥ˵ӵĿ£޲øߺȷߡ
ߺʼ磺ƽͲˣǵıѡһܿ۵սꪾͺˣϾҵڻûһı
еĳꪻͼ½ױҪǸߺһʼ𽣵Ļһ¾ͿԽ֮Ρ
㣬ˣҹеѪɫùױСӣƷҪĻ϶Ѫ
ѪɫԼղ˺ܶ꣬ȴû뵽һˣ߻ǰԼ£Լĵˡ
һ˽һѪɫս̧˹
ѪɫꪣȫʺѪɫֻͷϵӧǰɫġ
Ǽ̧սꪵ˶ߣߵǰʱ򣬶󺹣ģԣսɲһ㡣
սֽѪɫꪣȻнױȴ½ױõĴڣԼʮӲȷǷ쳣Ӷɿʯѵء
Ʒȫʹ֮ɫɵĽš
ߺȴûʹóꪵģԶҲǺ⣬˵ϣȥսꪣô
˵ͷõģү
˵ţߵǼ˵ǰһֽǱѪɫꪳУȻ·ɡ
һѪɫһ㣬ɵķ衣
ߺ̾߾ߣǿ
ֻ趯ꪷͬһͨıһǿȣڵϿʼѿѷ죬ˮѪɫꪷ衣
ֳꪣͣǣЩˮҲ֮ͣԭأɫǳᣬȻתѪɫꪣЩˮͬӵһ˷ȥ
ڵϾһЩϣһѪ
һʱ䣬Ʒﶼڲϵĺˡ
ߺ֧򣬽Լߵļ˶档
ߺıȻûлôǿǶˮ˵㹻ˡ
ˮ뵽֮УһſűţǱ뵽ֻǿ֮ܶκ˺
үѪɫҺϲлүʹͣƷվŸߺһ
Ʒ˲᣺ҵΣҵΣ

󣬸ߺ˱߳ƹ
ߵʱȻһЩᣬ뵽ԼĸȻҪִҪԼ޸Լİ֮˵ͷ½ҵĻӡ
ټϣߵʱƷһֱܲͷĴߴ͸ߣͻһ㡣
ԣҲ޷˵ˣߵʱ򣬿ԼĸС˵ҲһΡ
㻹һ˿ѪԣԼƹˡ
һеһУԼɵġ
һ·ϣ񱣻ߺ˵Ƕల£Ƚ֣ͻʳǣߺִֽƮȥ
һһȥѾµʱˣ˴ʱѾٽԸߺ˵Ϊ˷ܵʱ
λɽǺԭӦȺϡٵʱɽȴԵʮֵӵ
ΪƮˣշɽˡ
λɽִһ𾪵ǣȻһߡ
ȻֻһϹӣǣɢǿ󲨶ȻϢ
ߺʦʵ̫ǿˣһʱ䣬۷壬⻯ߵĳ̶ȣ
ٶȣҲֻеĴĵӿ˰ɣ
ţ˵ʮһȵ̽УѾиߺˣ

ס֮أ־̧ͷڻˣ


212 ذ׳
صƮ֮󣬻ûȸߺ˵ʲô㱻ˡ
Ƶס֮أҲƮڲؾ˻ϻӣʸͣ
޷Ҳʸߺµȥʲôطˣʲô֣оǸߺԵ˭
ֽڻ˵ֻǻصΪһС·ʶѣʶѺ
ǣߺȴܲ⣬֮ɢһɱƽ˸оǣΪǿ˵
ɱͬǰһӦ
ųֵô죬ȻǺǿߣֻҪ񲻱ԼߣǾ޷ֵġ
ߺ֪æľ񶫵鶼˵
񣬸ߺû˵ôֻ˵Լѡ
һ·ϸߺ֪ԭڱƹ֮ǰһȫСȫնɱʱһɱ֡
ǸѹһǮˣǣ˭ĵСŮȻ۹һȨ˵С檡
һֹܵ׷ɱƹһҲŵ㡣
ǣ˭õʮ֮ǰȻʹǿߵȫնɱ
ƷҲһ¸˵ʱ̬ȣνǰ
ʵǲĳˣ˵˵ӹɵġ
ǣƷЩ̬ȣ͸ʧϰʹþòͻơ
ߺ֪֮ٴθߣԲû
ֽǾ͸˵ˣһ˵ǰ׽񶫵ӣʮֵġ

ţߺ룬˵ҪǰһΣҽԼôߡ
Ͼ˶һˣԴûҵĺ˵δ̫пˡ
ߺΪȻЩǿˣϾҲ겻ʮߵĺӣġ
ֽڶ˵ҪߺߣջûӹƵһأ
ߺ֮ǰֽڶˣҲ̫˼ˣţ¿ɺˣ߲ˡ
֮ǰ춣ߺ֮ضҪϻΪѾߺʲôôˡ
ǾǽʮһεԼ֮̽أ
ǿһأвǳ࣬ʺϺĶ϶ӦоС
ңеı
֮һżʲô˶˽ֹߣûһ˿Խȥġ
ҲֻԽȥʮˣΣأ˵һСľͻɥȪ
ǣΣմ档
ʮ֮ǰ֮ػųˣ׷ͻƵԼļޣﵽ龳磬һЩеõ˸߳Ĺ߽ױ
˵֮ǻߵá
ڵҲɽ֮Լÿÿһ˶ֻˡ
ƮڽеһˣĴĵӶУټһߺǱá
˻ɽׯ뾲ڣûһƮȡ
ʹǻɽׯΪңӾһҲûС
˴Ӵһ۷壬ʹĴҲǱʵǿһ˿ѡ
ȻԼĽһû뵽ԼȻнżʸ
Ҫ֪żʸʮ겻òһΣνʮֵѵãңһξʹûнȥ
ʮ֮ǰеļƮڵȫ棬Ʈڴʧ档
ΣĴĵӻиߺУƮȨҲ˺ܴľġ
˵ƮںòţôҲҪ¸ߺһΪﵽһĳ̶ȣȥҲһ㡣
ǣֻһ仰㲻ٺƼ˵
Ÿߺʵ֮ˣض˷Ƿô

ȻϢֻӸߺп˼ûʲô־֮ı顣
ߺԼø߳Ʈڡ
ߺԴӼƮ֮Ʈ֮ڴʱ̡ܶ
ȻߺԼã˷Сţ¶ˡ
ѾصˣȻԸߺһôûУǰ֮ף˵츳Ҳˡ
ǣôȽϣҲ͸Զˡ
ڵĸѾˣȻвҩĽǣ츳˵һϵûС
֮ǰڸ¥֮е־һۣȻ˻һЦıóƵġ
һ·ϣߺҲʮֵżʹԼãһ·ϱ߱߿
ǣȴһˣĳ̬Ǵߴٸߺȥ
ߺҲûа취һ֮ڵңҲòٶȣ͵ˡ

׳Ǹ߼ҡ
ԴӸߺ֮󣬸߼ҾͳֳһƬֵľ󣬱ӭţﲻ
ʱˣͺ䶯ˣʵ۶ȡһıߺٴ¸ߡ
սϣһ˵ʮ߽ߣ·磬֮ɱ仨ˮ
˶Ҫϸߺ֦Ҫ֪ߺһǰֻߣһ󣬾Ȼɱˡ
Ծ˶̾Ϊֹ쳣
Ҫ֪ߺһǰֻǸھȻصΪɱصߣԾĸ硣
ǸߺܴҵĹע԰ݷá
Ͼ׳֮ڣû֪߽˾ǺߣԶ˵ǵһкСС׳ǡ
ϧԻص߼֮Ӳ¶һ档
ڵĸ߼ҲǽȣԴӸߺս֣֮׳ǣݷһ¸߽ɡ
֣ǺεȵˣһԪ˧ԴݷãǸ˸߼ӡ
ǴĲ֣壬丸֣硣
ԴӿߺһǿƵأ֣֪ڵĸߺƮڿ϶ҲǵλǷټǿֲٶȡ
˵һ԰ݷãҲûʲô
û뵽п˸߽ˡ
ߵʣ¶ɣһʱ˸ط֮дû뵽Ȼƽ֡
Ҫ֪ߺǸƷָѰҳĶǿǳߵҩһߣֱǴࡣ
߽ȫˣһٳ߸ͷһ
֣漴ľ
һǰû˵С壬ȻкߣԼʵ޼
ң߽ɵΪҲǿ˺ܶ࣬Ѿǻˣ֣һء
ټϸߺţּ弴ʹ֣ңҲֻǿһ˿˾ͽҶ޷֮ȡ
漴߸
ڵĸ߼ڰ׳ǱȳȨҪ˵߼ĵʮһҲΪ
οڵĸ߼ˣɱ⣬Ľ
ߺţʹ֣ԼҲҪУߺţ֣տ϶֣˵ġ
ڵĸ߼УѾȫþκˣҲڲκˡ


213 Ͻ
䣬İ׳Ҳӭ˵һѩҲǸߺص߼֮֮ĵһѩ
߼֮ǰߺʲô룬żͥԼů
ҲǸߺʮ֮󣬵һγָо
ΪߺԤУԺԼԽ׽ԽˣԣߺҲſ˼һ꣬Լ˸١
ߺǷſԼ˼϶ṳ̤̂ʵʵ˯˸þ
죬ߺȻҲһû飬ǣӴһҪĿˡ
ʵҲҪֽڡ
ԭֽڳչأȻ͵͵˳ƾ˰׳ǡ
Ȼߺ죬Ͼһ·һ·ˡ
һΣһᵽߺǾȻָ˺ԭɽȵı塣
Լһ˵ǸߺֵܣܵĿš
Ƕ˵Ǳ˵ֵܣҲһһҪӱ˳һܵΰ
ֽһ֮£ܵ˵ɱһɾ
󣬲ֻߡ
ţٲߣһӶǴˡ
ߣϰΪҲһ񣬾ڸߺԱߡ
ȻȸߺС˺ܶ࣬ɶĹݡ
˱ߺ֮ܣֽڴˣһ˿ɵУƵ֮䣬һָ֮ɱʮˣǱڶػ񣡡
ڵдֱ֣Ҳȥһ֣ȻûɱˣϾֽɱɾˡ
ܵһ壬ŷɥǻ
֣ձ֣ң֣ǧʿٹĽ˱ǡ
Ȼٴξ֣ҵĴչȫʮ֮һߺ˵ĵ˶Ĥݡ
ǶǺ󻰡
ֽ˴ʱ򣬿޵ĸƵģŸߺһѱһᣬѸߺ·ȫˡ
ߺǶȻŪŪ㶼޷
Ȼʵձǿ࣬ҲԸɱ޹

˾֪ʲô뷨Դ׳ֽ֮ھȻϲҡֽȡ
û¾ðҡΣʵҲǱеļƷˣǸߺݵжġ
ȣߺ뵽̷
ȻǻӣǶ˵治
ǶŴӣе֣ա
ߺôһ˿֪ǷƹģԼлǣһҪúòǡ
ֽڿߺ˵ٴһ顣
ߺŷӦ˼˰죺ϣ㲻Ҫˮȫϣ
۵
ֽڵأ漴һ¾ͱΪҸ㣬磬Ϊ˰ǸϲҿǷ˾ţ֮ԼһǮ̲ûд
ֽϲ˵ţߺת˳ȥ¶һ˿΢Ц
ֵԼĸоãϧҲĬȥҪΪ֮ɭ׼һҪסᣬԼΪߺ¶ġ
תͷڡ
֪Ǹ̫̫ȻҵĵĶϱϿ컳Уҵܰ죬ϧӲԸ⡣ʲôղŽң
ֽڱﲻ˵ţߺϻع
ߺһΣ⻰ôô죬ǵǰЩӣҲôһ̫̫ţ
һżɣ
ǣǲʮе𣿡
ߺ˫һУʱȥ֣ҾͿˣϾ֣ҵҿûô࣬ˣԼֵأ
⣬ֽҲ
ϾʵߵջǺܴģοֽڲϣԼ¸ߺ̫ࡣ
²˳٣϶ȥǣ֣Ҹһ
ߺ˰֣ҪԼʵӰɣŵ飬ҽȥͺˣô
仰ߺǶ˵ġ
ߺϰ߽ΪϣôԣߺҲǲĿڣжĲвˡ
ǣΨҪߺֻҪΪʮ֮𣬽۹еǸһԸΪūֻߺһ˵ǲ
ߺӦˣ۹ҲԼĳˣҪ۹һ壬ֻ˳ּ顣
үָǰȥ˵գڿնʳǷȥ

ԴӸ߸֮󣬸ߺΪҵĵһԺǴ˲٣丸֣ԺֻСһ֡
УɽͤӡӦоУ֮ǰȣֱ֮
֣סĵط޷ȣϾڸߺʵҲһˣοһߵ¡
Լеҩ¶зСţҽǷҲˣǧһҪ֮
󣬱ñ⽫СԺų׷סСԺֻиߺһˡ
ֽǱߺָһСԺ׼˵ģߺСԺҲࡣ
Сţ¶ǱһͥԺǸߺСԺǰһϾǸߺԴˣ߽Ÿߺῴˡ
񣬱һԺӣסڸߺ⣬ʱʱ̱̿ߺ
ߺСģ˼ôʵ
һں˵Ѿ޷ˣϾֻǻߣ⾭ǺΣյˣٴͻƣ⾳Ϊ䣬ջ˵Լ
ԼҲǲ޿ܵġ
ڶΪ˵⵹һʱἱò飬Ͼߺһ֮ڣʵ̫ˣʲôܽԼĸĸ̤ʵһЩ
ڵĸߺŲʮ꣬һ꣬Ρ
㵱ųƵһŵĽٶҲûиߺôֲ
ȻߺûȪͼĻȪۣ֮ǲؼʱ̣ߺĲ
軪˵ȪͼĿ£ߺҲôˡ
ֿµĶǷԲǸߺΪԵֵסġ
Ǿֻʣһ취ˣǾǸı书Լ˽׶վıн׹Ͻ
뵽⣬ߺԥĿʼʵʩԼļƻ
óֽڵǼϽֽϸϸĿһ飬Ȼ˺ü飬ȷϼԼˣ漴⼸ֽٵ
תĵһҪⲿſԿʼվתϽ
ߺһҹȵ峿ʱ
Ȼ۾ָһɽָϽ֮һϽ
˵ţǰ˹һ㡣
һɫĽбŷֽڵһЩͬʵȫһ
ߺһȴĽΪǿȫɢźЩԽͶԷʽ˵ٶȣԲϵıԷ
ߺǰõ齣Ƶģǣ֮ͬǣǧ
䡭
ɫĽںˮУ˾޴Ĳˣֱ񷣬ֱհϣͣ¡
ǣǲ㲨ȴڰоͶסˣ˹ĸʵ
ԭˣҪԽﵽһĳ̶ȣſⱾҲֽˣʹһϽ֮󣬸ߺ૵


214 Ͻ
ߺЩΣԼֻǷһһȫʩչֻһ㣬㷢ôôԺԼϽô
ڼǲˣ׽ò׽ɵĸլˡ
漴ߺ˼ȥأ
Ȼ۾һˣıԼȥɣ
뵽ߺǴˣգ㶯ֽںȥ
ߺٶȿνǽȣһߺĿĵء
ʱʱǸ̶
Ѿʲô̶ˣʵȪ
ڸߺߵһ꣬Ȫ̫죬ͱ׳ǵһռˣ޽˵ط
ߺһʱһЩСǻøߺϿ
ߺһָ֮£ɫŷʮΪߵආȫ뽣֮¡
ߺĮ˽ȥ˵طǸߺĵط
һֱҪȪٴαɺ̶ڵΪĲ
ܹסһʱȴ޷֮õıɺ̶ˡ
治֪ʱǺôγɵģܴôʱ䣬϶Ƿǳ򵥵Ĵڡ
ڣԼеˮȫĸıˡ
Ҫ˵ĻЩԲڻȪͼлȪ֮۵ĺ
ıԼڵˮ飬˲ٵĺŵ޷ֹȪ֮۵ġ
ȪͼеĺͬԼЩ񲢲ͻȻҲյôˡ
浽ʲôߺȪԱߣĬĬ뵽ϣ
ߺĺǰһֱѪɫꪣү
ߺ˫ۣһ˶ߣִɱ
˵꣬㲻˼ˡ
ֽдģߺ֪һЩ顣
ϽϽһߵ
Ϊ̫޷
ߺҲֽڵĽΪöԷǽ⣬ǿǿﵽ˴ԲиǴнԣԸߺҲǺѡ
һ㣬ߺ˵ȡɡ
ľͼ򵥶ˣֻҪԼԭеĹתϽ˵
вϵУ֮ǰߺʹһϽʱ򣬾ѾǰĳıϽ
ҲóܴҪͨĹǰĲǿһء
ĳȻÿһضʱӣϽÿһأǰһϰٱ
ߺģԼĳվҪȫתϽ׹

ֽھߺԶĵطϰӰɣ⼸ϰһ˿ûС
֮ǰĸߺһͬ⣬޷Ӱɳ
ʵߺҪɻӰɣȱٵľӰơ
ߺʱԺӰƣԲŽӰɹģֽͬͬ⡣
ô𲻵һ˿Ч
ߺ״ȴǡǡ֮෴ɵĽԼеĳվתϽ
Ĳ㳤վֻøߺϽͻƵڶϣصڰأøߺͻƵϽ۷塣

ʱѾ˰ˣߺȪǸУ˿ûҪļ
ֽҲϰŻӰɣѾһˣȻٶֻһ㡣
ǣڻӰ֮ķȷķչ
Ǿְػ⣬֤øߺܵһ˿Ĵš
һѩԵøļž
Ȼһ۾ԶոյǴģҲϵɢ
ߺڵĵطһسǱΧͷһٹӣһϮ£ɫ԰ףһ˿аЦ
ĺ棬һŻˣ˾͸ˮƵġ
ͷСͷ壬ǶӶԲġ
˿ЦݿվǸٹӵĺ棬һЦһ˵
үζæȻǼ˾ҪˣǸЦӯӯ˵š
үһЦ˵ǵȻǰ׳֮شǲκ˭үһϳͣ
үһתϴ˵ǸС죬һҪ͸ҡ
⣬Ϊϴϳһ£˲ָȻȻ֮һַϣ
ϴʹǸСŮˣǿӰ׳֮Уһ˼ռġ
û뵽ûпͱ͹ӿˡ
м͹ΪȪ飬֪ľǸߺ֪Ҳġ
ֻԼ˵ռԼĵطѾ
Լ˺ܶˣҪռ·ļ˶⽴û뵽Ƿ׷һȥ
Ͳµ϶ô򵥡
ֶʶΪֻߡ
ԸߣȻð׳ǵسǱԸǹ׳ǣи߼ҵıڡ
Ȼû񣬵ǲֹһ˵׳Ǹ߼һߡ
кڣʵˣ׳ɿԿ¡
͹ӣǰ׳ǳ֮ӡ
ǴӦΨһС죬赹ԼȻĻİһٵ
鷢⣬ҲʮΣǣҲֻܴӦˣȻҪԼİɶסˡ
Ȼҿɾͳˣϣ͹ӲҪһ࣬Ƿ
һ£еʿʼɢҽطΧ
ɫһ䣺ǲҪҾǣʹȥԱסȻҪеı
Ǳˣ˵Ϊܸ߰͹ô죿ϴһӻֽš
Ҫһ֮Ҳֻڰ׳ǣһ߶ûУСȻġ
͹ɫһ䣬˲俪ʼŤʲôǵı󲻵а׳ǵʿ߼ұٴˣҽҲǽһֻ𼦲ɣѣ
ո£ĻѾ˲ãطյͬ硣
ϻǻ棡
漴𣬼ͷ׼ģ
ɫѾɱո붯֣ߺ㴫˹ϣôˣ
æ֣Ÿߺķ佫ʼĩ˵˳
󣬸ߺͣһɣУ
˵գݶ˲䱻ᣬ漴һɫĽ͸ݶݶͱһ
ߺӰ˲ݶϣżŵأĵݶϡ
ʲôɫϽֽھȵ
ߺܹϽɹѾȵˣû뵽µʱ䣬ߺ㽫֮֮ͬĸ߶ȡ
ߺһ֣ǱڽУϽ֮Ͻ
ͬһֽһ㣬ֳֽȻַſǱڽƯڿС
ߺָɽһֵƣָֻһڽһ£Ǳڽ˲ͱɫĽ
ʲôϽɵ󡣡ֻֽǵ˵һߴŹǷһ߹ƣ
ߺľѾ̫ˣܹϽɾ磬Ѿνˡ
Ҫһ˵ߺɱһߣҲ˿ľȰɣ


215 Ȩ׳
һӺеʿȫߺǰǻƯǵɫĽߺĽָָգɫҲָƯ
ʬɢһأѪûͱϵĺˣϷûһ˿Ѫ
ոոߺڽɫһֻ̣ýָһ£ڽͱɫ
ֽõĻֻĽɫ޷ôѸ١
ңƾ轣͵֪ܸоǱڽɫϽָоֽǾԲоġ
ΪҪǸزǵϽɣͲߺᣬ߾֮ɹˡ
пܣһϽߺʧˣֻϽ֮ϽɣŻ³̶ȡ
ǰɫ̺ߺԼûñ¡
ߺעǰɫ⣺Ȼɹˣǽǵ˵جΣ
˵ţָϴһ㣬ɫ˲ϴԱߣٶȶˡ
ϴûзӦûоʹɫ͸ûһ˿Ѫ
ϴĵͷԼؿڴ͸˿ڣʲôץ£ͣڰУֱͦͦĵȥ
ԱߵǸү־Ŀϴһۣû뵽ղŻԼ˵˵ЦЦˣȻôľԼǰ
ߺֳ֣ɽָڿ趯ţǵɫĽҲڰмٷ衣
ߺָͣڰУ͹ӣˣ
ҪҪүߺһĿԼ˲ˣ㲻ɱңǰ׳ǳ֮ӣ֪ڰ׳ʲôλ𣿡
ھҶ׵Ķ׳ǣߺɱǵģ
Ŷ𣿡ߺ˫һУû뵽Լô󣬾ȻҶ׾ˣң߼Ҷͱ˳ȥ
ε֪ģߺ΢Цʵ
ߺʻԼͻȻһǿ־ߺ˭֪߼кߡ
Ӵı濴߼ھѾӵʶڰ˴ҵʵˡ
ʵ߼ѾȫԽ˾ͽˡ
˵Ͳ˾ͽҿԱˣΪڵ˾ͽҾֻ˾ͽһ߶ѡ
ļǲ֪Ƕصķǳ
ֻ˵ңϹȶμңӵеĺǿ߾Ͳֹһ½ңң˼Ҹǲֹһߡ
߼ҵٵˣҪ˵ֻһߵ˾ͽˡ
͹̹ЦǵȻ㲻Ҫ˱ߺҰ׳ǵҸô˵Ҳǰ׳ǳ߼
ߺ˫һУ˵ĺܶԣû뵽ǾȻˣҾҪѰ׳ֻ۰ε
˵ʲôүû壬ɻʵ
ʱֽЦѽѽѽѽˡ
ôôʶࡣ˵꣬ʹߡ
ֽҡҡͷ㻹˵߼ΨǵǴӣǰ˭֪
˭үʵȻһֲõĸо
ܲǱߺ̴ɡү̽˵
ֽ֮Ϲƣ治治û뵽㻹Ĳ¶ˣ㻹Ĳ
ɡǸү˲侪
ߺɫһ䣺ϻ̫ˣɣ
˵ţнָһɫĽ˲ӼүĲ֮ϻͷ­˲Ӳ֮ϵ
ۣ֮˫ôģƻΪߺ龪ȣӿ־ǣղԼ˵Ǽ仰
ǵԼĸ˵ڰ׳˭ǧҪǵ߼ҡ
ΪھǻʼˣҪҶԸ߼ô
ǸոԼ˵Щʲôǲ
˵ģ⡣
ߺҪչ߼ңһ޷ӹ۾һķչͱ֪ˡ
һ͵ĸߺ˵ǾԲ뷢
ǣü֮ԼŵĹ֮ˣϰǰĹ
Сţ¶֮УԼĸ״ϰֻЩ±֣ûҳ֡
ڱˣߺҪúһˡ
ǽɱһߺ΢΢
ʱѵҹ׳ǳǽֳ֮ӰǸߺˡ
سʿҲһҪߺݺݵ˵ţȻѾҪˣҪնݳ
ûг֣Ϊߺ˵ҪϤһϽֻԱ߿žͿˡ
ߺֽһ֣Ը׳ʿߺֻҪһϽȫûˡ
ҪСһϽߺûУֻǽָһϽͨķƷпԵֵġ
ߺһָȥѪɫŷһ¾ͽʮѷƷն룬ͬǵͷ­Ҳһˡ
سǽΨΨŵŵվˣ˴ǰкָ̣
ڵĸߺɲǰĸߺɲڶԸߺôˣɱһ㡣
سʿûһصģҲֻء
ߺǴ˵ضɱĴڣףߺΪʲôͻȻôǿ
ʱ룬ʲôˣȻҵˣԼҵһǿ
ߺȻףôģǣĿľҵٽһй½ҵһ
֣˵ļ½ҵūţԸߺҼ£һʰ
û飬Ϊǵģߺ
˿ˣµְλ΢ôͼݱأǸسǽֵ̿˵
ߺָûϵ֪ӲҵָӲ
⡭
ৡһɫĽǸسǽĲ̳֮һ͸Ľ
ߺջؽָҵָӲ
˵գֽڷԸҪҵļһϽжǿ󣡽ڣͽˣȥΰһ³ˡ
˵ţߺƶȥ

ɶߺȻңΪԼ޵𣿵Ȼʵ۱ʰ֣֮󣬾ʰǸ߼ңʱһҪ߼еɱŮ
뵽⴦ξȻЦ
γҲ̫׳ֻеģֻ۾ϸС
ôǸиߺĻǲϼ𣿡ʱߵһһߴ·һ˵
ǣûеȵ˵ߺʹ洫˹ǰûмѾҪҼ뷨ˣ
䡭
һɫĽ͸εͷ­Ǹ˵ĶҲֹͣˣȫߺĽˡ

ڶ죬ߺԼķ䣬߼оʹˣҹμǧرһҹɱĸɸɾһ˶ûд
ߺ΢Цվһ½Ӳ壺ϣ
ү
ˣ֣մţ˵׳ѾҪˣ˭һүɱһ
˵ߺë˲֣¶һ˿̵΢ЦΪ˼壬ҪĺһЩأ


216 ʲôϱ
Ǹô£ϣһﶼһ緹߽̲ס˳
һҹ֮䣬ǧʿȫԼļУȫӲ޷ߵķ˸Ǳ
׳֮Ҳֻиߺһ˿˾͸ˡ
׳֮Уӹ߽˵ĶĿ
ǣ֮Դһ䲻ᣬԼĵֻܵǶԴ΢ЦʾԼĶӡ
ȷԼĶ顣
֮ϣи߽ɣ߽ˣ֥Сţ¶񣬸ֽߺ
Ÿ˶ѣԱһ̴ӶûС
ߺеһ𣺡ȻҪ⣬ݲɵһԣеģԼģ
߽˼ĵ˵ͷ˵ָߺѾֽڴ
ԭߺոװ˱ƣеͱֽȥˡ
ߺȻ֮ԸеһӾͽϵз˶ˣͺܺĿһֽ˺ܶࡣ
ֱֽûʱ򣬸ߺһӽǿ˹ȻǱģǺϸߺθڡ
ֽϰݣϽеָֽϣһǿ˲롣
һֽۼֿ죬ֵĿ˹ȥһӾͽǿڿС
զզ飬ɿڣҵθڣ
˵ţֽھͽԼȥ
Ϊó𣿡ߺɭɭĵ򣡡
ֽڵٶ˲ˣߺٶȷӿ˺ܶ࣬漴ߺֱۻһӰӣȻڿб
ǿһ¾һ
µԼλ棬һһڵĽˡ
ԭǼֲģ˵ʲôͲͬ
ߺӲλϣߺһһ
εĽ붪ϣˣÿԷʱܣ𣿡
ߺֽûҽԼĿӴս
û˵裬һ㷹ˣ͵ҵԺҿɳԲģ
˵꣬߳
Сţ¶һۣҡҡͷôҲԲ˰Ҫ˵ǿɲʲô߼ߣ˵ˣžЩܲˡ
֥ҲεҡҡͷȥͬģûΪһܲˡ
ʲôʱиϱܹܰôҲǰ취Ҳ̫Сˡ
֥һߣһε뵽ϣʮһͿȢˣЩΪ͵ߣʮ檳Ⱥˡ
֮ǰ̷磬۵ˣһ檳Ⱥ
ԼСʱ򣬼˺۵˳Ǹ߽ɣѾȫǱˡ
ɶԺҲһԷˣ
߽һߣһԽղųԵĶʲôζɶֻܸоǱζˣʲôо
ߺֽ߳Ž첻ԵĻã
԰ģܺóԳԣ磬Ǻܺóԣϣô
񣺡

˷֮󣬸ߺֽڱ㿪ʼڸߺԺǰһ㣬һһ߾ܣ֤ߺܵκδš
ʱһȴڸߺ֪ˡ
ߺסԱ߱Ǹסĵطߺסĵط£ֻģС˺ܶ࣬ǣԺһô
ǱǱȸߺ߸߼ĸ¥ǽŸߺԺӽģҲȫ׳ߵһ
ȴֹиһˡ
һŮŸһҲʮֵ죺û뵽
ţ˵絽סΪʲôȥҪǸߺ⣬һʮֵĶ졣
ɰһͷȻǲȥԴθ֮󣬴һ̣
̣Ǻߣ
ǣǼһǶڸſڣ˭һУ˵ˣʹҸ׶С
ǣûˣǸЩ١
ߵ¥ʱڿߵףȻƮ־
¥ϣ˵ɾͲһˣɩӣҪ֪طǱ֮أҪģٽԺӣ˵Ҫ뿴磬Ψһпܵĵط

ʲô
ʱģǴ󲿷ʱ䶼Լķ֮УҶ޷
˵ţС̾һָŸߺԺе˹
ǣ춼û־˵һ仰Ҳعͷߺ˹Ŀȥ
ںˮģһˣǲ㺮
˲ǸߺǺˣߺϽЩԼΪҲ۷塣
ԭϽʱ򣬸ߺĳվȻˣΪѾͣкܳһʱˡ
ͻһС׶ΣҪϽɡ
ҺãɹˣϽͻƵϽĴɣΪҲ˳ͻƵ۷׶Ρ
ԴʱʼߺоԼĹ޴ԣֳϰϽ
ҪϰϽҪϽʹó߾һ˵ʮѵã٣ǰϽǾûа취ʩչġ
ΪǶôʩչģһ֮󣬾ͻȫʧ
ǣϽȴͬǿһֱڵģǽߺĸɾ˵ߺ֧ϽˣŻʧ
ڸߺΪѾٽͻƵٽ㣬˵һ̾ͻƵʱԣߺһ½һʵ
ĺϽֻеȸߺΪﵽأſʩչĺϽϽǺزſġ
ϽҪߵزſԲͻƻһ׶Σѷףﵽߵľ硣
ǸʱϽԿ˺ѵأƲ񷣬Էɵ죬һĲι塣
ɫĹƯڸߺǰߺ˫Ųһơ
ϣνң˲ɫĽȻڿʩչνңν
ǸߺΪؽ޷ˣýڿлûĻӰ
ƽýϽʩչƻǿҲָߺԼ岻Ķ
ؽǸǿˣڿӡɫ
ߺ׼ʩչͱˡ
磬磡
ţߺȵ̧ͷԱߵĸ¥

󣬸ߺ˼һԼĸĸ
ߺĸ־˭ʱ򣬸ߺεͷ־ĵͷ
˭޷ǣڸĸ¥һСǵ飬˵ĳǡ
֥һô£ĵĽ֮䷢鶼
Ȼ֥Ϳʼ޾ϯԼ³
ֽʱ֥һ仰øߺˣҶϱˣȥɩӣ



217 ׼
ո֥˵ʱ򣬸ߺû˼òúúóԷˡ
ڳԷʱ֥־һЩˣϱԲˣ
ߺɫΣ־Ҳɫͨ죬֪˵ʲôã߽ɵ֥һۡ
֥̫ˣС˵©ˣ
֥Ȼ˵СڳΪĶأ֮񣬸Ҫ˵Ϊߵĵߡ
ԣߺֱ緹ˣŵֽڣԣҵıһ
磡ֻֽ˧˵ôһ仰˳ȥ
Nú򣬸ߺֽ˽ٽʱֽڵıһЩ
û뵽ĸߺʵȻôǿ󣬱Ҳֻ棬ҲҪһ
ǣߺֻϽûϽĻ߾ϽԼ޷֮ȡ
ҪƻߺϽȷֽڡ
ϾֽӵĽ⣬ߺȴֻǰ벽⣬ϸ޷֮Ƚϡ
ǣߺϽȴ⣬ÿԼĽߺĽཻǿԷʱ򣬲ٶȻܶࡣ
ͬߺĽʱشһСͱһ㣬طٶԼٶȡ
ټϸߺϽѾ˴ɣԣֽڵĽû֮УͱߺĽһ»㣬ɢˡ

һһ˱ᣬθƽûдǬڹѾͼ峹ϵ˰ɡ
Դ˸ߺǲô⣬Ը߼ʹãȻҪ
θߺûвμǸߺòμˣûȡúõΣϾֻ۷塣
Ĵ󲿷ֶҵߣصġ
θߺΪۿͣΪδĲСкУҲر𾢡
ڿû˸ڶԸߺ˵ЩʲôˣϾڸߺΪɲڵǿġ
Ǽʡ
ͬһ꣬ûмʲôʣһʵ
ߺָգɸǸԽ̵
ڸǸѾǻˣߺҩҲһЩΪҲĺܿ졣
ߺҲ߶ˣҪ̫ҩҪҪԼ
ߺûжൣģԼĹȲܽˡ
ǻ˵һЩرԣ¾ȫͬˡ
ڵһܣһСܣǽ̸˵ǳ
ߺǰ֮أѰʺǶ˵ĹϾĹԲһĹ
ʵڲеĻɱ۵ļһǵĹӶţҲûмԼǲġ
ңνżߺѾˣһҪ潫Ϊһĸ߶ٳ
ʱԼٿ߶Կˣô߼ˡ
߽һ飺
𣬰׳ȫɸ߼ƿأӵܣûʲôŵģسǾзꡣ
ȻȥԶȥߣ٣һһӡ
ȸӣ֮ÿٺʮ֮ǰرʿ˵Ǻܶˡ
ҪСسǣ˵ÿӰ˰սǷþͲ١
˵ÿ곯͢ҪһЩӸ׳ǣȻ׳ûг͢ĳ˿Ҷϡ
Ͼ֣棬˵߼ڵʵ͢˿СӣοƮеĺˡ
ֻ˵ϴսߺŵǸǿߣͲһ½ֿܹġ
Ȼ󣬾Ǹ߼ҼԸߣԵ߼ұ߼ԭǴӳһֳΪسǾ
һڼ壬ѵµ
Ϣ֮󣬸ߺһ£û˷ԣ˻ֽˡ
һ٣ɶһȡʤΪʲôҲܻã
־Աߣͷ˵һҪʮˣŲʮһѽ

أ߼Һ֣ңԶ֣Ҵ֣յϢ֣ҪһҪ飬֣֣ġ
ҪǣؾȻ־Ҳμˣֳ֥쳣飬ǿϱƵġ
ع󣬸ߺ˱㿪ʼƮڣ߻ˡ
û˷Сţ¶ȴֽ־
صƮ֮Ѿ֮ˡ
Ʈûڱ䣬Ϊʮһȵ֮̽žΪ˱Ӻ
֮زȱĵطżԲвμӣ֮ȴͬ
Ǹ֮Ψһһ޶ģΪһôʱ򲻵ĹҵҲвġ
ǹżżͬ
żǴ󲿷ֶǹ֮սĹȣżȴͬ
ǶǧϣһЩĶʱǿ߱ߣҲʱʱ֮䣬֮侭ս
رҲܶ࣬˵ǱضǣԴǧΪԼʵʼժ
ʱˣʵһЩԴҲٵʧ
ԽԽٵԴǷһЩǿߣΪԼ棬㻥֮俪ʼ
ģսսĵطǿǧʱĥЩҲ
ÿÿһʱ䣬ʧһ֣ʱһЩ߾ͿԳô˻ᣬ뵽ż֮С
ѰЩǿսʣĶȵȡ
ǣͬҲΣյģ˵һСЩʣǿͻȫĩ
ң滹һЩȽϡĶ

ߺɽ·ϣһˣʯ쾡
ˣ֣ߺǰȥ쾡к
쾡̧ͷһߺʲôʱģ˵Ҫż֮أҿĵĽ㣡
ߺ΢΢𣺡Ľˣһңֻһµʱ䣬ǳҪٵһʮ꣡
ǣߺǳߣôܲԲȵĴʮ꣬ǳһҲܲԲȵȫʮꡣ
ԣҲһĽ
ҲΪʲôЩĺߣԽ֮صԭ
̫δ֪ΣգˣôҲˡ
ʯ쾡̾һҲû취飬߰ɣ˵վǳ֮ʱ
ߺ˵ͷͷпֵڴһ

翷֮ǰѾǰվ͵ȸߺһˡ
кǿ죬ƹʧĺǿƵأ׽񶫣ʶǿ˫۵ʱȴоԷǿ
ǿ󣬱ȽΪٸ߳һ¾ڵ϶ǵĶ֣ߺоȵ
ߺǰ˵ˣˣˣ߰ɣϸ磬ͳɣ
һ£ǻһ𣿡ߺȵ
ƿһۣʣµǸңƮ˵ѾҲ˵


218 ң
ˣҽһ°ɣ֮֮ǾͬˣҪ໥쵭˵
Ҫ֪ż֮󣬾ȫָҲûκαɱһȫǲ֪顣
ʱǸ˳΢ЦһһΧŷ
ǲϦĸ֮һʱҪһŬŶ
˵ţԼ֣Ҫߺ֡
ߺ˫һУȻ΢Ц֣ƣȴΧš
һ𣬸ߺʼհһ㱡ĺ
ţôЩϦһȣǲû΢һ£ֿˡ
ߺĽڱ󣬲δٽЩУһ𣬵ĺʧڿС
ڸߺվŵţһȻ˫۳ɱĿ˲Ϧһۣ˿վŵˣջסˡ
ֻôߺүСǸвϦˣ˲ǿҲʮֵ
ߺ΢΢𣺡ǺⲻԽҾԽ
ԱǸÿһؾһ£˵ͬһ㣺Ǹǧ
ľ塣ǸŮӵ˵
ƵƢѽѽôô鷳ʲôԺ˵ȥ֮ذɣٲȥҪʱˣ
Ҳ˵ͷã߰ɣ
ƿڳȻгХһֻ͵翷ϱ߷˹
ЩӥЩںף˫צź⣬籦һ㣬ű̵ĺ⡣
ſʮ׳ˣٶҲǷǳĿ죬˲ߺ˵ǰ
ȶǿҵ쫷磬εĸߺվˣڵҡҡλεġ
ޡߺȵĵ
Ƕޣʵʮֵǿ󣬵ڻɣһĻ߶֡
˵Ҫ˵ʵӦڻ֮䡣
޷Ƕں˵ֻҪһͿԽɱ
ȥ֮أƵصûȥƣ춼ȥˣȻǺĵӣϦǧľ塣
񶫣ֽڻиߺһ˸ˡ
˷ϣÿһֻĸˣչ߷ɣɽڲȥ
֮ؾȻɽڲ𣿡ߺаȡ
޵ķٶȷǳĿ죬ÿһᣬɳףٶٱֻ첻ˡ
Ҫ֪ߺʩչӰΣſԴﵽ٣Ľٲࡣ
ʩչ£ֽһһ㣬ǱȸߺһЩϾߺк١
Ͼ֮󣬸ߺֻ磬ڰзҹͣ׹ȥ

أڵϹһǿҵ쫷磬ϵʯӶ
Ʈڵľޣôأʱһȴϣμ֮󣬸ߺǳʳ֮սͻ
ˣǻɽׯׯ졣
ڵĻ죬´£ͷǴһŻ״ͷڡ
ĺվһˣɢǿƣȴǺߡ
ôŵңûһأȻôһɢռ˰˴֮λǲİ
˻˻֣ڻ֮䣬ߺ·оܵĿôˬǱ
ˣ棬Ҫݣ˵ˣ߰ɣ˵ţͷȥ
ǻɽׯҪˣʵȻôǿ󣬱ȲϦľǿ̫ˣ֪Ĵĵ֮׵ңӵжǿ
ߺһ룬һ߰ޣΪлһĴڣܵĿôˬˡ
Ҫֽ֪һᱻҲԼˬɣ⺮µģ䰡
뾡ʱ˵Լ黹òʱкȻһ
һɫӰȻг֣·һƣƮݣĿ졣
ĽϣȻ˿ʮֵıŤҪѪĸо
ৡ
еȺϣ¶˵ò
Ƥ񣬽üޣͦıںڵͷɫͷ߸𣬼˧
ȫһϮ£·ϵժһ㡣
еϢߺһ˿о統ߺƵϢһ㡣
ڴϣߺоκϢ˵˵Ŀ¡
ߺ˫񣺡һˣ˧𣿴ðӣ𣿡
ңҵˣɣһʤҪ˴ӵ
ңգЦеӴ򿪣ҡѣȥȥɣڴ֮ǰҪʵ
˵꣬ңٴκסֳŻ˰ڣЩ굽˶٣
ɶƲˣµʱ𾪵㣬У𣡡汻ĲУеһɻɫ
ܵĿռ䱻ƵĿʼŤЩ¶ĸɲݶ׷׷ȼˡ
ʯͷ˳ɫԱߵĿľʼȼռ䣬춼졣
ߺεҡҡͷˣ붬ˬֱﶼܣ
ߺԼ֮Ĳ࣬ôɾͿֲģûдȥһս
һңǰƿңؿӡȥ
ѽѽô˵أȻҲϲЩ̫ˣôĻȷ硣ɣ
˵꣬ңֺȻ˺üֻһ㣬еӲ֪ʲôʱˣȻһȡ
ߺȻңУŷİɫƲƶȥƶΧˡ
ɫҲ˺ɫͬϵĻһ㡣
ʲôȻ˺ƾһԣ롭ң¶һ˿΢Цѧѧ
ﬣ
ƺݺݵĴңϣмǲδκá
ⷴЩߺĽ
ƵĵԽƾȫˣʣµǲҲңƸȥˡ
ԣһƾȻô׾ͱңƿˡ
ңһϣ治ûиģ
ң۾һȤӡ
滹ǰߣǻסôˣڵ㻹ңĶ֣ҿܶǿѹһͷ˴ӲΪ˴ӣ
ǰˣпտҪֽһ£Ҫ㵽ǿˣ˵һ䣬˫Ѿս⡣
˫һ죺֪ģ
ңݼϣλǰңһߣסˡ
ƾооԷһƬĺˮԼ޷̽ĶԷΪǳ
ʹ죬ʵ֮࿹û⣬Ǵȴһɲĸо
ҪǣԼʶ


219 
ƵĿе֪񶫾ȻǺߣѾ˿ɱյĵزң쳣
ͣ񶫵ԱʶһֱصʲôоߺĴѾļʵ
ѾлɽׯǬڣڣƮڣĴѾȫˡ
Уֻ½ң˼ң֣ңμ뽣һûе˾ͽʵ̫Сֻһͬû
ûʲôӣְ̫ϧԼԲǰ
֮أ˾ͽѾˡ
Դһʼûμӣֱڣû˲μӡ
ߺεҡҡͷֻᵼԼļԽԽǳһΣһ˳ɹԵõһ֣һԻ䱦
ֻǷǳѵõģǿϧҸ߼ڻôնͷ·棬ȻĻһѡ
ߺһǬһ˫޵۾˫ɱһҪ˽ˣȻԺǷһڣ߼ҿɻܲ𣡡
ߺǸǸ߽ģ߽Ϊ֮壬ڵȻһġ
Ҿ˽̫꣬޸ߺΪȻﵽ˻أһ֮ס
ԶӧҪ֮أҪλᣬԼΪȻֽ߼
ֻȴ벻ΪԼûסԼĺ⣬øߺˣøߺҪԼ
ʱԶȻһƥԶһƥͬһһ㡣
Ӱߺ΢΢𣺡֣ˣ
˴Σ֣˲࣬Ҳ̫١
֣Ķӣ֣֣裬֣գ֣ҲˣĺӰͲ˵ˣ֣ɡ
½߳һˣ֣ЦôֻôС֣ˣ
֣˫۵ȻʹǻңҲǴԪ˧ֻʵ۱£ôһԪ˧˵𣿡
Լûͣó˵飬˵ĻСֻҪܻңҾ͹¸˹Ц
˵ţɢƣǻ죬֣ڻǻ죬ȻöԷþǾ޷ƶԷĻ
֣֣͸Ҫ˵ˣǵʵû֣ǿأ֣ӵа˳ɻƣټϷƻ壬ʹǻصߣһܹӹĻþ
Ŷ˵ģ˵ˣҪǸƮģοҪ֣һ֮ߣ
˵ţֽڴӸߺ˹ȥ
˵⻰еĶͣסˣ㶵Ŀֽ֣յԱȥ
ֽ߹һ֣ٺ٣磬ʲôʱ򵽵ģ
ֽεʼ磺ǸƮģɱˣƮڿǱӰ
ۣǸ޴𣿺ǿǿһ֣۳״
ǸߺңȻתߺʵ
ߺ˵ͷߺϣңһΣ˲ߺǰϸĴߺ˵Ʈڳ˸ߺû뵽ǣЩռ˷ͷ
ߺĵ˵ͷң֮ȣҲԶˣ
ңҡҡͷңֻ˵νһҪͣΪ⣬Ҫ֪һΣƮûһ˴֮س
ߣ˵ţǱߣֽھѾǼһ￪ʼսˡ
ֻϧǣսոտʼѾˣֽûֻýָɵĽǼһˡ
˵ʹĻ¾ͲôˣӭıӦ
ùϴ˰ɣֽڶǰǼһſڵϣߺ޵Ŀֽڡ
˭֪˭ҿ½
ֽһ۴һС½֪ʲô𣿡
˵꣬Ǽһ˵һȭԴϣȥģ֪ˣСˣӼˣӲһס
ߺ
󵨣ֽڣҶû˵㾹Ҵһ֮ˣѲĲ𣿡
ʱԱߵһ̲סˣվ˳ֽڡ
Ǽһһվҹ˼ҵȫվ˳һߵȫֽѹȥ
ɶһСˣֽ˫һϵĽⱬȫֿƵѹ
ǿǣκΪ̫ͣԷߣԣܿģֽڱֲ֧ˡ
ߺ˲ⱬΪֽڵֿסЩƣлӵкӷľѹơ
֣Ҳһߣٺ٣ֵģϽ𣡡
СǻƵǿȴӹɡ
ңҡҡͷͷۣ۸˾Ȼ۸ƮˣôܹӶأǻطȻҪˣ
˵ţңһͷųǿƣ翡
߰ľĸ꣬ȻѾ⣬ʣǸûģǻߡ
ÿһ⾳ôǿǽ⣬ǿƿһеԣǣǺǿߵơһ߾Կѹơ
ƣֻܸһЩš
ǣƼ֮ң⾳ͻúǿӷ㶼ûа취ѹˡ
ң⾳⣬ӷ⾳ѹʱ򣬺ȻоԼԺˣͲ֪Լѹ˭
ԣ޷׼Ͳ֪Լ⾳ѹ˺ηһѹƫȻ
һǱѹסˡ
ǣߺı⣬ȴһ׿ѹƵģڲϵıԷƣȻ󣬱ںкٴαա
ߺıⷴѸġ
ΪڲϵǿеԽǿǿ˼
ֻҪһ޷ݻٱ⣬ͻߺıǿֱ󣬿ܻᱻ׳Խ
񶫵һͷһǿһû뵽⼸СһƾȻǿˡ
˵ţ׼ˣϾΪԼ󱲵飬׼ˡ
ǣûֵ֣һ콣ߴֻһ£㽫ӷ˵ƶ˻ȥ
ɽ⣡ңȵĵоǽ죡
ʲô¸ߺˣĴ֮һ죡
ңҴͿʼ㣬СǴα䣬ڻǷһپǮأңԶʣһӰ
˵ӰֲΪıȻһԳ׵ĳ
ȫƺɫͬѻëһ㡣
ֻδȵ
ûȽأһָԼߵɫͲ˸ߺ½֮䣬ķѪǿĵģûκζĴڡ
ǱȻɢ콣⣬һ¾ͽָ߽ķλϵж롣
Ǽ᲻ɴݵʯͷѾҶĴءС͵ɽ롣
󣬽أһǱɫıɻС
ֻŽߺ͸о񷶼Ҫ˷ľ콣ˡ


220 ż
ңϴڲ϶ҪҽеһٴξһҪڶ֮һٷˡ
һ߽ңңɫһ졣
ԭң˲ģǮ뻨ƵأҪһЩС⣬йصĶ
ԼҪĶȥżУһЩƭģԸĻǮ
ԣ˳Աֵ֮ңˣǣңĿڴȻһǮûС
Ҫ˵ңԼƨˣǰԸҲ˼԰ͣԣõǮ
˵˼ˣ˼ݣҪ԰ͣҲǲܵġ
ڲϴ½ǹңо¥ľǶ֮
֮ٽҲǶǿ֮һڶжзֶ档
ǣȥģǡǡֳܲĺ߲
гѷ֮׵ĳߵĴڣʦߣǲ֪
ǣֻ˵߾ͲܹԸġ
׻˵ǿѹͷߣοǲǿǼֱСǿѹͷ

һٷңŵˣ˵ʲôԼ֮ͣߴ̵ĸζȫˣ޵⣬ҲҪ֡
Ҫ뵽ǱͣҲû˵ʲô˭뵽󡭡
ǽӽͻ˶ʮ򣬻Ҫ˵ɢӡ
磬ˣµҪߵģԼŲ棬Բô˵㻹Ƿһء
ңʼԴԴϵ˵ңԽ˵Խ𾢣εͷⶼʲôģ
ͣͣͣңٷвУ˵ˣ˫ֱڶͷĨźˮ
һֻҪһ˵ȫͣĽడ
ǶٷԼˣңʱϲЦտǾͺãǾͺãΪǹҪӵأʵǴһһǮȥ֮ѣ
ңŭ
ңͷһС˵©ˣ
֮оŲ㣬һǳԶĵطǷ绯ϵģǳ˶֮е룬ûκ˿Խȥ
ˡεĽַ£֪ʱȫǸཻҲ߰ˣʵҲø߸˰ɣ
⡭ңЩԥҪԼʵ˵ԺԼʵҲˡ
˵ҲȽϲ˽Լң
뵽Լνʧ֮أпһˣԼ֪أںЩʲôأ
ٺ٣Ҳ޷ֻҪӦһ٣Ƕ֮ΣңЦʵ
˵ͷкη𣿡
һΪңȲ˵ҽо죬һǱȽϲң֣
ǽңɣһһľʳУʡ
ߺ۾һнױԼһнƷ
ңɢǿߺ֪˽һǲ֪˽ʲôԡ
ҽһС𣿡ʱ򣬶μҲˣζμҵǴ˲ˣ
ͷ֮һαӣĽ
μұͲԸԣĽһͶԽϸ̡
ߺ˫ɱһε˻治ء
Ҫ˵ʮ֮УƮڣ֣ңӦòΪѸߺӦʲô޴ص飬ôӦþͲߺΪС
ڻɽׯǬڣ½ңң˼ңμңһԸߺŴޡ
ɽׯ˵ˣƮУǬиƽ½ңң˼֣Уߺֵ֣ܡ
μңǺǺǣߺ˼ҵҩ˶ǣֽǧֱ۷ˣ˵ˡ
ǧǶĽӣңǶ硣
ǣͱߺôϵֱۣ˵˼Ҳܺ˭
κˣҪɱˣߺ˫һ䣺ҿθȫԼء
Ȳ˵Լң죬Ⱥߣ죬Ȼǰ֣ٲǵˣȺߡ
ֽڣȻߣ֣գţҲô°ɣ
ԼֽһȻߣǿôһ㣬ҲԲǺߵĶ֡
ǣ˵㹻ˡ
Ľʲô˼Ѳҵ²Լʵôɣ˵
˵꣬еɫһһɫĽξɢӣֻҪĽ˵ͻϳ֡
ĽϽתƻ⣺˵β룬нģҿҪԼССİܻܿкӼ
ЦԸ죬ǿнƷټɽ⣬ǺߣҪҪһ˵һСĻаܱĿԡ
Ϊһ棬Ŀ֮£ҪǰܱСϾ̫ȥˡ
ʲôȻб
Ľһ漴ٴ𣺡ţ¥
Ľһ˵֣Ǵ󲿷ֶţҲУ١
˺ˣˣǹȥɡ˵ʱ񶫺Ȼ˫ۣԶĴ֡
һǰ˼һɫǽͣɫǽ˿񱩵
ôǿߺûиܵ㵱սǿ񱩵սڸߺоû񱩡
ܵĿռ伫䲻ȶϵпռѷ֣ЩըʱЩռѷ춼쵽ߺط
ڹżԱҲΣհߺ־ȣֲãԼƫƫҪȵҪʧʱŹ
Ҫ֪ЩʼʱҪǿߺ֪ᷢʲô飬˵߶޷ǿдȥ
ǿ񱩵ͣϢڼطʼаɫʧˣ¶ĳ
治ɽǱĳ
еĵط˻ɳңԶԶɫɭ֣Źǣ洦ɼɢı
ߺ֪ЩѾ绯ˣ˵ֻӣһʹ˵ͻۡ
Щѷֵʱ򣬾м˿ʼϵĴȥ
ߺȻҲ⣬ֽ֣գһͬ˽ȥ
ɫĿɫĿ׶ĺȡ
һ̤룬ߺͷչԼڻɳ֮Уɳ󱳾ǲǰɫĿ
ǣոս֮󣬸ߺԱߵֽ֣վͶˡ
ߺһæȥǰ죬Ҫ˵ֽ֣գԼͬλòĽңˣ׷ײӰ
⵽ô£Ѳҽ˻þߺţеı͵رܶı仯
һûʲôĵط
ߺɵСżΪżĪⰡ


221 ͼ
ûãǿŵѷתˣڸߺԶһѷѿǣѷڵʱȴ̡ܶ
ԽԽȶɵģѷڵʱԽԽ̣ҲԽԽȶ
ֱ֮ڱԶָŻﵽһʼ֮ʱʱ䡣
ʱ䣬òҪѷ죬ȻĻпܻᱻɡ
ߺڽɫɳĮϣͬڽɳĺԶȥ
һζİؼȴż֮ѷȶǻ粻ء
ȷԼܹߣǽԵġ
ҪܹõһλǿߵĴУ߱زı֮ģԼõܴ
ֹ˶೤ʱ䣬ߺǿ鿴Ʒǳ޻ͬһʼǰԶ
ߺһѲԼ˺¥
̧ȥж޴֣żͬһ޴İɫӵһ
ţǰʲôߺȻǰһӰĶ
ߺӰһζ˲֮⣬ǹӰɡ
ߺŷ֣ⲢһӰһãѾɳĮֻһɫĽ
ֻǿͱȸߺеĽͬΪϾȻŻƻơ
ͬ·ϵ·һ㣬ȴǻɫģ̻ڽϣֻ¶ĽС
ǧĴݲУȻ˸ҫ۵ĺ⣬ڽ֮ϣһ״
ӦǹʱıӣǻԵıаɣȱһѳֵıȸԤ£
ߺ˵ţ־סǸոʹǱͿʼĩɢһأ˻ɳ֮С
ߺüͷ壺Ѿʧԭеǧ꣬Ѿ绯ˡ
գ㲻ͣתԶȥôġ
֮ǰԼһָб˺ܶˮ͸µľûʳ
ҲֻǺĿĵߣǲôĵģ춨ڸߺʵûдﵽĵز
ԣ˵ʲôҲĻ
ģɫǺҹ
ţôһˣʱĻ죡ߺſеĺ
ż֮Уֵıͬһ㣬ļı仯
ոսʱǰ죬ɳĮ֮Ǹȡ
ǣȴ˿ͬƬɳĮ¶滹Ҫ䣬Ըߺ޹˼
ڸߺ˵ǴƷȻûлȪ֮۵ĺǰǿңûΣգθߺա
һָоԼİΣԶǵһλ
ߺոµʱԶһ˫ɫ۾һֱŸߺþõĲ뿪
ʱһһĹȥǰҹߺ˫ۺȻۣ֮Զȥ
ֻһֻֻѪɫƤëǴܽߺаΧϸϸֻ
ǣͨǣߺ֣ΪЩͨǲûʲô
˵Ļǿ¾˫ɺɫȫɫƤë˰ɡ
ȺǽߺҲ˿⡣
ϾһԽظɻɱˣẦһȺͨǣ
ߺϽʹã˫⣬ֱ֣ԶȺȥ
ֻһӾͽǰǱǵϿʼ𽥵Ľ𽥽ЩǱһĺɫ
ߺûκα飬ϾɱǶĵָּ䣬һƬϣж
۾Ǿ˵һĻվ
ֻЩ񲻶ϵĶ͵һǰܵı顣
ѵͨҰѵޣߺЩǸӦȥ˸оǿ׳һЩûܸܵʲôԵĵط
ߺĹŭȺǣǿʼıܡ
ԭЩֻĿߺоǣһܣߺһ
ЩȲޣҲ޵ǣٶȾȻôĿ죬Ƭ޴ɳĮУһɫǣٶһͬߺ
գۼ䣬ȺǾߺѾˣٶȣߺ΢΢ľ
Ȼұȫǣߺ˫һУ˫ֳɽָݺݵǰȥɫĽâ˲бŷȥ
ǿƻ˲Щǵǰ
ֻǵĶǵɫĽâݺݵĻͷǵϡ
͡
Ѫӿ֣ͷǺݺݵȥߺû¶˵ӣɫӳ
ʲô֣ҵһϽȻ޷ɱǣߺоȣûнͷǳ׻ɱ
ԼһϽȻʹóģ޷Ƚϡ٣һĻ߶޷ֿǡ
ֻǾȻҡҡͷڵվǵؿڴֻһǳǳ˺ۣѪҲǺֻܶ࣬˵˱Ƥ
վǣȻߺٶȸӵĿˣҰ޾Ȼϰͷ
ߺüͷһ壺ż֮йǴΣֻͨҰޣҾȻԸˡ
ֻʹȫˡ˵ţߺһ𽣳С
棬ߺ»Լ𽣣˭ᣬɱ˱ǣΪ治кߣԸߺҲᵣġ
Ͻ֮һϽߺɫ𽣻ӶһɫĽڿУǼٵķȥ
ΣʩչϽߺĽǿ˲٣ңθߺ󺮱С
еֻǣûе£ҲûκεĶͣǡ
ߺۿֻ̡
Ǳͨ壬ɸߺıȱס
ס壬ĸǿ󣬵ǣߺıȴԷķͣһ̣ҲϵıԷļԪ
ʹԷ֮УմиߺһЩʣһҲͬǶԷܿƵĴڡ
ټϸߺĽͬǸߺıӺ
ͬʣȻų⣬ԸߺĽ׾ͽԷķƵˡ
֮ǰһϽߺû⣬ֻõĺƣԣûƵԷ壬Ҳں֮еġ
οߺλʹ𽣣ߺǿĳɡ
˫ԭ֮£ֻǵķڱƿˡ
̫ˣ̫ˣȻֻɱһֻǣϰֻʲôʱɱ꣡ߺ˫һ
Ͻ֮Ͻߺֽſֳɽָɫһ㣬Ǳ̾ͱɫĽ
Ȼ󣬸ߺָϵɫĽ֮С
ָһ㣬ɫĽͷȺ֮Уһ¾ƿֻǵķһնɱ
ڷҪΪӣ˵գߺȫⱬһ¾ʩչ
ֻǽ뵽ߺı򣬲ٶȼ˺ܶ࣬ɱ͡
ߺڱʩչӰΣֱǹĪ⣬˵Щˣ˰˴Ǹ֮ĻߣûпԷָߺһ뵽׳ĵģ
ͬģҲߺĽӺܶٶȣȻߺָνʽƽ
ʹãټϽеǿ󹥻ڱһƬѪȷ硣


222 Ĺ
ҹߺһ˶վɳĮϣȽȽĳеĽ˶ʧС
ؿвϵĺǰѾʼȵĿ
ߺ´
Щǵô£ȻôѲƴɱ𣬲Žȫƴɱ꣬ȿȡ
˵ţߺҵĿһؿڴĵǳһ˺ѸѪ
һؿڣߺε̾һû뵽Ⱥ֮лȻ֮ǿҴˣʵȫǻ۷ʵ
ԭߺСʱͽЩȫɱĲˣǣɾʱȻܳһӰӡ
ǵӰӾȻǵٶȿʮ౶ټͻȻϮߺûӦ
һȻһ¾ƿ˱򣬽֮ٶҲûнͶ٣ֻ΢΢һ٣ͼߺ
ߺʹܣϧû뵽ֻͽ֮ƿˣЩƵıдϣûжκӰ졣
Ÿߺͱֻһ¾ͻؿڣڸߺؿôѪۡ
ҿߺıȻûмʱסǼһĹȴĹ˲٣ȻߺҲֻôˡ
󣬸ߺΣңŽ𽣱أһӣʹǣߺԲ
סԷжҲס˼ֶѡ
ǽԷ壬һסĽֻҪʵʹߵĻǾ޷ƿġ
ԣֻǺ˵ˣߺٴʹóϽʹƽǣֻֻǵһ˺ۡ
ǣһߺŽֻǻɡ
ߺҲֻǵģǿһ˲䣬쳣ľȡ
ֻǸһֻСţһ㣬ſ֮ķݸֳĿȮݸǲˣȻһС͵䵶Ƶġ
ңߺţһݣ½ӲȣпƷӲȣƿķֱ練Ƶ顣
ҾͲܿˣգؽգգƽ
ߺӰΣһ³ֻǵԱߣǵɫҲŸߺߡ
ؽڿӡһȻʩչԷжһֹˣеɫҷԴ
ҳֻǵ㣬Ǻֻǻܹһ¾ʹ̽˶Է֮С
󣬸ߺеҲĵĲˣֻҲڱɱˡ
ߺʹ𽣣Ѿֻǵϻ淭˰죬Ҳûκĳ֡
ɶһﲻʲôޣҲʲôޣΪʲôôأߺľȡ

ڸߺվ֮أĴɢŸָѪɫľ壬ϸһΪǺܶɫıʯ
ǣϸһ֪ЩʲôɫıʯһſѪɵġ
ţǰ߰ɣߺǰߣҪҵʵĶء
ڸߺ֪ϷӰվС
գôУһ׷µ˧˵
Ավһ֮Ȼ෴ӣºڷҲǸӡ
˫ƳһǸӣ㲻Ƕ𣿼ţȻʵ΢ǿôһЩҲûбҪҫɣ
ν˶ϧҪ˵ǱǿģҲͽô˶ѣɧ֮һһ˵һ߿Ĵء
ЩȻܶ츳ǱߣҪ˵õģҲ⼸ˣ
˵ţƣ֮ɢһЩɫռȻԶ޷γɡ
ռôϢĳһûƣҲûǿ֮նʹһ㡣
εҡҡͷͲҪͷˣֲǲ֪ԼֻҪͷĵطûһڶʱָġ
ңһСģռˣûа취ˣ
źݺݵһץе˲ˡ
ɶļһǣȻǵ󼸸ϼһþԼеĥ˼꣬ŽĥĲ࣬ÿһЩ߽
յ˵ͷЩߣ⼸ϼһԪյǻΪĻԵǿЦ
ãˣǷȻĻЩûһԻģߣźȻԲͿһתʧڿС
ǸոߣռͺȻһѷ죬ڿռѷ֮УȻһֻһ˳ڸովŵĵط
һͷڷϴ·ǰɫģһŽעһܣɶÿռһˣһĹҲ̫ˣ
󣬿һأպÿ˸ߺıӰ̾һǿϧÿռŽĥˣν˱һλҪֹ࣬Ѿ֧Ų˶೤ʱˣ
˵ţ֣˺˿ռ䣬֮С

һУߺ֪ڵŬǰߣһΣǻˣӰΡ
һһ㣬ǰɱȥ
ߺоܵľɿԼȥһִԼûжڶһ㡣

ʦ֣̫ˣӣҪˣǵã
ǰĹԺĵҩ˵̨գԼӱ
ߺȻô仰оôôϤȻͣסҷɿɳȥ
վɳ֮ϣÿɳһľ
Ӱվǣɫۣ·żơ
ңһ˸ߺǷǳϤģ֮ǰңսĻ档
ߺ𣺡ɽׯˣǺأףʲô
ߺ۾Ȼǰֲϡ
ֲﲢֲͨһɫģǻҺɫġ
ֲֻ߸ߣƬҶӣÿһƬҶӴԼһ״һƵģҶҲǻҺɫġ
ƬҶ棬ֱһʯͷĹʵʵɫġ
ߺ˫һǣĹ
漴ߺ־ĹдĶڸߺԺлطš
Ĺһ
֮ͨ嶼ǻҺɫģʵ֮󣬶Һɫġ
ʳ֮ʹʱרһҲǳ˵붨
Ψһʹ붨ҩȻʱʮֶ̣ҲǧҪõı
ߣֱ֮
ʹõǶʱڣǲ⾳ָƣƽʱʮֹ
ǣΨһȱǶʱֻܹһ֣Ҳ˵ߺһһˡ
ֹʵǧһΣÿֻöʵңһĹֻöʵ֮
ʹڸߺöǸߵƷָУûĹĴڡ
⼸öʵҪһ˵գߺʼԼеʼǱһ۲գĶĹȴĳ졣


223 Ի
⸽в߻ڶöĹһ˼ˣߺƬɳĮǱ˺ܳʱˡ
쿪ʼǱ̶ֻ̰Сʱʱ䣬嶼ɳˣټԼΪ˸޷о
ǣͲֱᷢ˵Ĵڡ
ЩȻصķǳã޷ƣȴøߺоһ
ڶԸߺǺϵߣⲻøߺ֣ߺǾԲֵᷢġ
һĸŶŶȻ֮࣬ҺͻˣһǾŸˣֱǶ
ߺ˫Ŀգһ߸ӦΧһһĬĬʲô
ߺǲֻܾǾŸǳ߶ѵĶûиһǲܵġ
ûУԱǿڡ
֮ĶѾߺ˵˽⣬ͨȺǣֻĻǻ߶޷֮ƥС
⻹֮ͨҰ޶ѣʲô޻Ǹߵޡ
ǣôûػĴڡ
ĹȻʼҵתɫеĿȻٵ㼯ȥ
ЩѰò˵ģʹǿн֮յڣɵһĩ
ǣЩĹ֮󣬾ȻֻǼӾĳٶȡ
ģöĹɫԽŨѾʼɫתˣͬʱܵҲĹζ
ʦ֣ǿԲժ˰ɣеǸӶߵĻ
ֻһЦ飬Ҳ̫żˣѵûзʲô𣿡
ʲô
صĸλѲǻһֱȥ𣿡Ķ˵
˵֮ⷬɾĵһ㶯ҲûУȴܿ˿ȴûһ˿֡
ɫһӱóɱλǲĻͲҪұǳˣ
˵꣬˫ֺȻ˳ɫȻ˫ּٻӶɫӰӳȻͬʱͬλá
Ӱ˳ٴǸطӡǸطĻɳڻˡ
ħƻ治ǻɽׯĵ֮һ⼸ƾȻһӰٺٵ˵
Ӱʼձһɫĺıߣ˱˵̽ΪҲǻ۷塣
ǣʵߣȻҲᱻ淢ˡ
ˣûиߺڵĸߺһʬһ㣬ȫűϢûһ˿Ӧе
ΪߺԼֹͣˣѪú͵͡
Ҫ˵ǿǿҲֻΪǱ˰ɡ
ǣߺû뵽滹һˣֵֽڡ
ֽڱͲ䣬ȲߺһⶳԼΪֲ֣һʩչƣöԷײ
ʱڹĽԪôصס
ߺ޲øԼӣСʲô˰أȻһǱصôֺǡ
һߣȻҲҿ̽ҵҿǻĲͷˣ飬Ƚûոպ˵ˣָ̧֣Ŷֽڡ
ţԶԣôСݡʲô˵𣿡ֽڱϵĵͷͬ˵Ļ
ǣ̧ͷֶĻȻָԼɫһ
һԹЦǰ׳գʦ˵Ĳ㣬˭
˵ţֽȥֽȥ߱߶֣˲˻ɫ
СӣҿڽˣҲǣȻһص߳
ֽںȻɱ԰벻׵ǣȻҲ˼İ׳չԲУǺģ
Ͻ֮ϽֽһϽ̳УȻٻӳһ
һɫĽڿγɣٶĻȥ
ֽҵĻո֧ͱһ͸ǻǵɫĻǰȻûһ˿һá
飬Сӣ˲䣬˲䱩ŭȼܻ棬ͺԡڻһ
ħ֮ħ죡һ˲ɫǳһƬͬв˻档
ĻȻתɫͬīһ㣬Ҳͬһֻ޴ĻȾɫһ㡣
Ȼħ濪ʼֽڵѹͿ㲻˳ˣǸиߺСӣңĴĵӣҪȫڴ˵أ
ȻҺңãǾǾԶˣ
ĴЦЦ졣
ֽɫһ䣺Ͻ֮Ͻ
˵ţַſϽȻָһ㣬Ǳʼıɫ
ɱȵȫɫʱֽڽָһ㣬Ưɫѹħȥ
ֻһ£ͽħǣ˲˼ǣħ沢ûɢǼֽѹǽҲѸٲ䡣
һɽׯĹֽħƣһ֮£ҲˣɣڵЦͬһͷɫħһֲ
ֽڶͷ֮ϽðһָϵɫĽħ֮ϣͱĿǺ׶ѸٵĻָ
ۿǶƾҪѹֽڵϣֽڿʼʩչӰ֮Ӱ
ǣƶģǺɵĺƶʱظ·۾һ㡣
ɶӸƴˣ˵ţֽ˫ʹ֮ͬеĺƷȥ
϶ȥΪһﶷһߺ̲סˣܿԼֵܾڱ֮֡
ԣһһҹ䣬Ȼɳ֮
ʲôȻˣߺ澪û뵽˿ԶԼĸ֪벻ǣ˾ȻңͬŸߺ
漴ϸӵȻˣôֵһȥɣ
ߺٶȿ٣˲׷ֽڣ򱬷ֽڵٶ˲
ߺ˳֣һѽֽڵĽץסһѽ֮
ǣߺûмеħȥڰת˷򣬷ȥ
ʲô͵Ϯң룡󾪣û뵽ѾħΧȻ˸ҹԼ
򣡡ߺһڻĺֳһߺӰ֮ӰΣ
εıղʩչĲͬεıǾˣɱˣԸߺҲȥ
ȵȻƮ˶ѩڵϣþòɢȥǸߺ֮ڣѾ˺Ļѩ
Ψһطһǻܡ
ΧţͲ¸ߺĻѩ
ţ£ǣΧħȴڲϵıСæԿеĺɫһߺѹ


224 
֮صɳĮһĹԱߣе˶סˣ㶵ĿڳеˣǸߺ档
ոջͷԼħ֮ħ죬ǣû뵽ߺֻߣͽиƵˡ
һԴӳʹûбƹȻ߳⡣
ǿʮǿʵܹþԵʵƵУǣǺʵͬˣҪƵУֱ졣
Ϊ֮ڲ֮أн֮Ϊħơ
ȴû뵽ȴߺƵˣҪ֪ߺΪŲߣʵҲͬն
ߺ˵ͷȻԭħڲ֮صԭ򣡡
磬ʲôԭΪʲôûзأֽڴֵʵ
Ҳһʲô֪ˣ
ߺһЦոͽڶսʱҾͷ֣ÿһϽ͸ħ棬ϵħ䶯һ£ȱʧħˣԣҶ϶һϵħǧ˿ƵĹϵеɣֻҪʱȥȹ㣬оûʲô˲𡣡
ɶ񡭡⣬ǵͨ죬һ̤أ̱øˣɳĮѳһѷ졣
ܵҲȻ򣺡Ŷԭħƻ㣬ոһڶħЩɵڿҲûʲôˣ
ûֻҪ֪ܣǰҲţˣʵɣ

ߺһܵˣָոսʱ򣬲ûǵףǾֻһˣЩǱˡ
ңЩ˵ʵȻͻࡣ
ν֮زôļ򵥣ߺĬĬ뵽ĿⷴĹ
ڵĹѾǳӽɫˣֻҪɫǾǳˡ
ǣĹֻ֮аСʱĲժʱ䣬СʱĹͻԶ䣬Ȼ˲ʧڿУеҲɢڿС
Ҳ˵ĹֻаСʱĲժʱ䣬ȻĻһŬǰ׷ѡ
ߺĹеҲ˵ˣȫעĹ׼һĹ죬ᡣ
ŭĻ棬ѹסԼŭ𣬴һˣڵȫעĹϡ
ߺһתѾ⣬巴˺˼
ʱһһĹȥˣȻ䣬ȻӷеĿٶ̫ˣ¿пʼһɿ磬ԴԴϵĹӿȥ
һӣеȻһ٣Ĺȫ˻ɫڳˡ
˵ĿⶼˢˢǿȥȻ׷ĹȥֽҲһֻոնͱһֻǿָץסˡ
ֽڻȴǸߺ磬ڸʲôĹҮѵһҮ
ߺҡҡͷҪϣϣסõĹ֮ܣǧҪս
ʲôôˣֻöĹǵʱ򣬾ëûˣֽʮֽ
ߺ΢΢һЦŰɣûô򵥣
ո˵꣬Щȥ˶һǿĳ˻ˣǹ޾ĿɳɳĮ·ɳš
ߺΪǿĸеļ£ߺֻȺߵϸӦ
˿̣лһöĹϻһ˿亹ոգǸոսӽĹժĹ˲䣬Ĺ¾ͷһɿ񱩵
ǿ񱩵е˶ȥƿˣ֮µۼ
ĹȻ˸˸ɫâһɫߴ˳ɢǿ
ֻͨߵĴСȫ¶ɫֻǴͷβ͵ıһɫϸߡ
ɫÿŤһ£ռһ£ɫÿ³һ£һȦȦܵĻɳ
ǣĹػޣȻôǿ󣡡ֽסˣÿһﶼ޻ػ
Щﻹûгʱ򣬾Ѿʼػһ궼ƶط
Ҫ֪޻޵󲿷೤еʱ򳤰ٱǺġ
Ȼ˱ɫ濪ˣǲû̫ܵصˣܵߵ޷˵ȥ
ܵǻ棬һöĹҲȻ֪Ϊʲôˡ
Щ˸ܵԭһǾǣԲߵ׿֮µõĹˡ
ڵõĹΨһܾǣеöĹ
ԣҲĸŻ棬ϣܹڻ϶ȡĹϾǿĶ
ʹֻ֮һĻᣬǶҪһ
ǣߺֽȴ㵽һߣһ̣ߺϧֽڱȻɳĮ֮£ԶɫСߵ׷
߱ǳģΪľǵȵĹ죬Ȼһ½öĹȫ̵
ȻЩͻ޵ļޣɹͻԼļޡ
ǣһöôܹܵˣ˲Դ󷢡
ϸĸӦһ£ǣҪ֪ڵĸߺֽеϢΪȵȫӡסˣͬһһ㣬ôܻᷢ֡
Ҫ˵񶫵˶뷢ǣҪ˵ĺǼˡ
оܲûʲôˣߺȻŭ𣬿еĿȫĿйȥſĽ룬ߵҲڲϵı
ģ߱˳ʮɣߣһɢռ䶼ˣԶķ
βһȻ˲ǰܳףٶȣֻҪһӣͿ׷ϻˡ
ʱ򡣡ߺоɫˣ˫һ˲佫ֽıˡ
ֽ˲һ궳ˣϴһӴ⣬ҿһҪˣ
ӿʼֻֽӡ˰ӶѣǣӵĹֽں˺üһ㡣
ߺ˲ͷ죬ĹϿߣһȫĵط֮ȥסһҪ죡
˵ţߺ˲ԱߣһѽĹժȻ󶪸ֽڣԼǰһʧС
ߣߺоʲôһֽ˲侪ѣȻһʧԭء
ߺֽˣһΣھֽ෴ʮֳ֮һߺṦӰɣӰΡ
ֻ룬ߺܳףȻӿͷűٶȼӿһӾܳʮ
ߺûܳԶľ룬޴ɫͻˣ˫ֻһ㣬ðѪ⡣
еһˣǻ棬ѪлһöĹ
ѾʧˣͬöĹҲʧӰ٣˲ŭ𣬺βģռ˲˹ѡ


225 
ԭһ󱳸һɫľŵþʧɫеĹ˲ڵϣתӵķת廯һ⣬Ӵܡ
Ǹû󿴣۾һֱֱĶŻеĹʱ޿̲뽫֮
ǣ룬ȻˡˡȻȻʧ룬һСĽĹڵϡ
һʧʧʵδܹеù棬ʹ֪˻ħ֮ħе㣬ҲһǻĶ֡
ԣһѽĹУȻתܣǣոת䣬ͱɫһڵС
ɫҪ֮һ̵ȻЩɱһɶʱ򣬺ȻоϢȫʧˡ
ѾˣϢһˣ׷ʱڣʱ޿̲ڸӦ
ڸߺָһ˲䣬̸ܵˣû˻ˣֱ׷ˣǣ֮ûпߺ
ԭʱѾˣߺѾ֪˶Զˡ
ǣֻƺϸᣬȻβһģֽڵķȥ
Ҫֽ֪ƺڻĹأûͬߺһ㣬֮յָ֮С
Զߺ֮۽һпɵ̾һһͲ֪Ūָ𣿻ǽĹϢҲðֻֻðˣ
˵գһ̳УĹɫ
ĹɫͶ֮Ϥ˵Ҳһ˿Ϣҵֽڵķġ
ǣһо̲һˣɫֹͣ׷ֽڣתߺ
ֽڵٶȾͲǿһ٣ɫ׷һ
ڣɫˣֽھ͸ҵһ˵һڽĹУԼɳ֮УĹ
ߺһӰܣһ߹۲Զʮֽ֮ڣʧڻɳ֮УҲ
Ҫ֪ߺڵٶȣʹɫ˲׷ϣټߵľ뱾ͺԶ
ԣߺܿͽ֮˦ȻĹժڵϣȻʮһĹԼɳ֮С
ɫ׷⣬ǿȻֻʣһٲϿήĴڣռ䶼Ūˡ
ǣ֮صĿռƺرֻ̣ѿûƿ
ѿĿռֻһɲǾͻָûκζ
ɫһߵĽеǾʬͨĹһ£ȻСƽߵĴСŤ˻ɳ֮УҲȥˡ
ƬɳĮָֻƽ˻ɳϵĵѪƺҲ֤ոպĳˡ

ߺһڽĹֻ֮챻űˣͣ٣Ժһѹǹɿ񱩵һǣϽзʽС
ߺΪٽͻƣĹ֮޷ģһĽõͻƹϡ
ڻĹߺΪһ˲ͻ˻أﵽ˻ء
ŸߺΪﵽأھвϵתȻ˳ŸߺĲ־͸뵽ߺë֮С
ڸߺ⿪ʼγһ㱡ĺͬɫıһ㣬ܵĻɳ˳ȥ
ߺڻɳγһƬشңҲð˿˿зһĻһߣ϶ᱻɱ
ԼеߺЩȣΪݣĹкеǲͬ졣
ʵȫûսǴƵԷĳħ֮ħҲֻ
ԷУԼδܹƵ
ǣڣߺȻҲ޷Щֶκ;˵ٶȣѾԲʲô¡
ȫڸߺϽѾﵽϽ۷壬ֻҪǰһߺĻˡ
Ծʽܿ죬ǲҪˣĹǿ߶ҪѵĶ
Ǹ׶εߺô޷Ҫ˵ߺֻ׶εСˡ
ߺǲΪȹΪ
ҪܵģβƣԼðٷ֮ٵΪʱһͻƻأﵽ˵Ļء
ʱ򣬸ߺͿʩչĺϽˣţǸ׶ΣߺͿԿпܽȫܡ
ߺһһȹΪϲϵɢЩı̶ȣ涼ñЩɳˣɢ顣
˵ƬɳĮѾҲΪҪ֪ǰ졣
֮ذɳĮʮֵȵģǣȴϵɢź𽥣طȻѩһСƬ򸲸ǡ
ͬʱֽͬŲһı仯岻ϵðŽǱЩĵطɳ׷ٴαи
͸ߺĵط෴ɳĮøӵһŲȵǣܹݽȥһ·裬ֱӵֽڵԱߡ
ֽڵΪѾﵽ۷壬ϽҲѾɵĵز

˿ûиߺôõĻԭǽ֮󣬾ͱŤĿռ͵ط
û֮صκζһ·ϣǣ˻Ⱥʨ
ȻͨҰޣսʵǾˣȺʨսȻڻ档
ңĵһͬߺһȺʨƵˡ
ԭǣҰҰԵģĻ𲻵ûѹסȺʨǼǵҰԣȫȻħ棬ȫ汾˹
Ū󣬻ˣɱһ룬Ȼ󣬻ˡ
ߺףʨǲΪͨҰޡ
ԭͨҰޣ󣬳֮شţ屻Щ񱩵ˡ
׼;޷ޡ
ǣɫľҲôġ
Ҳֻһͨ߶ѣ֮ɿԳΪ޵ʡ
ǣڸߺ֪ھľţϣͨĹԼΪȹ̺ãȻͻƽ
ʱ򣬲Ͻ߾õܴ

ʱһһĹȥˣߺصĵطҲױһƬѩأƬطһЩҰﵹǳ
Ⱥǣ쳤ط
ʱţתۼ¹ȥˣߺط䣬ǰ컹ϣôĺ䡣
컹Ҫ˵һ㣬ÿ鶼Ʈëѩ
ⷽԲѾ˺ĻѩˣȺȻطǣȴ̫ڿˡ
رеġ
ʦ֣ǽȻһôû̵֮Ǻߵãǲƭ˵ģ
ǵùֻ˼Ѿ绯Ͻױһ˶ûٸ˶ôѣǱߵʦֶݺݵĵ


226 ţ
ɶңӣȻǵĵطǸط֮ĴڣҪǽ֮ȫգһܹͻƴ龳ģǸʦ˵
ˣϧң̫ǿˣֻһӣǾͱȳƬ򣡡
Ǹʦֳ˼һҪǣʹǵΪ龳磬ܻңӣ
ո˵ңֽо죬治֪ʲôģ
Ҫ֪ʵһҪǣ

һ·̸ǣⶼһǹھĻ⡣
ҪǱңˣ֮оųɵĻܳΪߣ
ǿɶû뵽֮ĲôڵΪԱˣ
˵µǽ죬ΪߣȴѰҵ˿Էɵؼǿµˣ
ţòҪŵ׽ľֹսһֱҪܽ죬ýĳƺţ
ǽʮˣаԼˣһҪɱٽǰϼһһ£
ǵȻ߿׽ӣôǶأˣףƬɳĮΪʲôѩ
ʦֵ˵˵ţȻǸʦ˵
Ǹʦվ˫΢΢һȻ΢΢ʹȻƮʮ׵ĸ߶ȣȻȻڰͣ˺ܳʱ䡣
ԶŶƬȻѩأôȣƬɳĮмȴѩ񡭡һˣ
Ǹʦֵ忪ʼ½ֱƮƮ䵽˵ϣżأͣ˰Ÿ¡
ṦԣߺҪĪ
ߺṦҪٶȣ˵ȴʮֵᣬߺṦָ߳
ľֹһҪΪֹսʦǿĴڣ֮ܽҲҪΪӼ֣ǸʦСֹû뵽һȴʦˡ
㻹ԶأľֹһȳΪӼˣǸʦľֹһЦżһ㣬ƮƮķɳס
ľֹľֹˣﰵһ£¶ҪѹһͷŪ
ǣҪ˵ʵľֹȷǵľֹһ
˺ͬĹľֹҲһ㣬ƮȥľҲԶľֹƮľ̳һ롣
һͿԿ˵ʵ˺ܶ࣬ľֹٱľֹһ롣
໡
ǰ棬ǽЩľֹû˿֮ľֹ㣬Ȼ޷ɱЩǣЩǸ޷Կеľֹľֹ˿Ӱ졣
ÿҪ˵ʱ˵ĽŶӰ㷢һЩ仯ȻЩǵĲͬλЩߵð
Ȼ޷ЩЩҲ޷̫ǺȺдһ㡣
ЩԾǺרΪʯģ˷ɵĸ߸Զ
ܿģ˾Ƭѩ֮Уһȥ̴磺ҿôô䣡
æ֧ǿ棬ֿס䡣
ǰ߰ɣǰǱڵˣľֹ˵ţѩȥ
ľֹ˵ͷĺȥ
ѩһҲľֹˣǶǱ
磬˵ζүүΪʲôҪƬӦòŵ𣿡е˵
˵֪ǻʵʵүүĻɣ˼ҷҲùԹԵţ
˵үүҲΪǺãһʵĺûᰡֻǽǰ쵰ѹȥˣǼҲĽΣ
˵ĳϸֽڵôһ֮ǣ˵ȴѪ
ǸոմȺ֮ƴɱҿ˵ΪǻأȻûа취
Ƭѩô䣬ȴôȣһʲôʲôжʮˣһ㶫ûҵأ֪ǰ˸ҵʲôıˣ
Ȼ̧ͷľסˣ쿴ľһɵṦ
϶Ҳһ͵̧ͷ棬Ǽûֹ
ǷֶԷͬʱľֹľֹҲǣţǶˣԵɱأǾȻԼ
ľֹʦ֣ô죬ҪҪɱǣ
ľֹ˫һУżƱQ˼ˣҪѰѰ֮ǵֻǾͶֻ䣡
ľֹһȭͷȻһһľ޽УӶѩ롣
ǶЩʱǱﵽ֮ʱɥ֮ʱߣľֹ˵꣬ż㣬ͬѩһ㣬ԶƮƮķȥ
ÿҪµʱľֹֻǽżѩְԶȥ
쳣ͬڿзһ㣬ľֹҲһȻûľֹȻҲǷǳ
һṦһࣺã˾ľֹʣµǸľֹˣ
϶ͳ˵Ҳ˵ͷİ˸֮Уֻ˻ֹһ׽ӣıˣû뵽ǣߣҪȣ
˵ţ弱ȥҲ档
ĸ౾ͲǺԶԺܿ;ۼһˡ
ԭľҵλʦ֣ľֹľֹǸ϶˵
ľֹӿƮƮ£ҽŽżڵϣŸû£𣬿ĵ˵ͷ
Ƕ˵Ϊĺܿ죬ֻʼǷʹ
ľֹʦ֣˵ҪСˣֵ֪ܶʵǿ󣬵ǣҶҲģ
ľֹһЦŶǶ˻ͦƢֽ棬ֽǶ˵ʵֻϺȵģȰǣεıòҪˣȻû߳ƬɳĮ
϶Ҳľֹ˵ֽɫһ䣺ô˵ҪɱǶˣ
ľֹԴһʼû˵ǲϵĴܣ˴ⷽԲĵطķʲôûУһ˿ݶûС
ʲôĺΪʲôҲԴͷľֹüͷΪʲô
ʱ򣬵µĺȻټӾ磬ϲѩƬƬѩƵı
ӵ´һţֽ棬ֽϤʶ֣
˭˭ҹһ仰һ㣬ëȻֻ˰
Ҳûоκ˵ĴڣǴӵ´ġ
˵ô֣ȻҴҵУǸ¼
֮ж˺ֵܺǧ˿ƵĹϵǾͷŹһΣ
ľֹ˲䱩ŭ˭װŪӹ
ľֹոպ꣬ص׺ȻĺľֹܲǺ׷ȥ
ȥ֮󣬷Լ˵ΪȻ⺮ѹ˺ܶࡣ


227 Ҷǣɱ
顭һ죬ѾӲĵȻˣĺðһŨܣ˭޷ʵ
ϵѩ״ıƺӽˣľֹ˸оԼΪȻѹƵĸˡ
б
âǸƿĶѨֱգǿ񱩵ȫɢˡ
һӰ漴һĺгɫӰðźӰǺԴͷߺ
ĹȻǿ˹ȫգҲҪʱ䣬ҿԺ޺֮ǵͻԼΪ
ߺ֮ϧûʱ䣬ֻö壬ҵӦǶ۷ɣ
˵ţߺ߬߬ȭͷȭͷ籬һ㿩ֱ죬ܵĿռ䶼
ԭߺĹֱֱ£ΪͻƣǾȻûнеϡ
ߺΣòʮһε֮ؿ֮ʱԸ⽫Լʱȫ˷档
ԣһת塣
ĹȻһֻһֶǣһص㡣
ǾǿתΣڸλͬ顣
ߺͻϾߺΪͻԼʣµһΣߺչԼĻ꺣Լꡣ
Խ׼ԽҪԡ
ߺ֣ԼΪô죬Լǿܲɷֵġ
ͱһ˵ֻˣܼסĶ
ߺڵΪѾǻ۷ˣ֮ǰס
ߺѾоԼԼʲôȼˣֻкȼ
⻹ǻȪ֮۵ĹЧǿĺӵƻͬҲչ꺣ԡ
Ǵʱʱĺͽߺ꺣˺ܶࡣ
Ȫ֮۸ǽߺһ߶ȣҸߺ뺮лȪͼԣϵĴŸߺꡣ
ľֹʱ򣬸ߺҲ׼չȻ֮дһϣҵĻԵ
ˣֽˣߺҲŹǣΪǴ˸ߺΪ
ͻƣҪһǴ˴ͻʧܣЩͻõ˲˵ҪͻҪЩá
Լ廹ģߺпܻᱻ
ԣһ㶼Ǻܼɻ˴ԼģǿߣǿǶɥʧġ

˭㽫үıˣľֹ˫ͷɱͲЩɸߺͷųġ
ǰһֻǻصΪȻܽӽˣԶԶﲻͷųȺĳ̶ȡ
ΪѹˣھǸطĶʮ״
ȻͷŵģֻһܣǱˡ
ţߺʱ̫ˣոһû뵽Ȼа׳Լ⣬һҲˡ
˵ʲôʲô
ˣҸүװɵ㶣ǲ֪ôдľֹΪߺںŪԼء
ΪһСӽˣװɵ㶣ǲϡ
ʵߺ治ףֻεͷ㲻˵ʲô
󣬿˿ĺЩϧͻƾͻưɣôĺ
ߺһЩһ磬ߺӿȥ
һߺͽһƬеĺڣȻĴһá
áˬ̫óˣߺоԼЩ֮嶼
ߺ֪ԼһΪľֹǸԴֽɵȱΪԼ²ûһǸߺ챦ȡˣܽЩһߡ
ոӦþǱｻǣ㲻ľֹоԼһֱɵһߺǣűߣɫ˲
ʲôߺɫҲ˲ܵ¶½˺ܶȣ˵ҪոâԴ𣿡
ľֹоԼ̫ˣȻһ¾Ͳ¶ˣͷһĶԸߺүҪոâԴϿҽɣ
ߺתͷֽֽˣǶҲ뷨
ֽһֱ˼۲ߺһһô˵ʵԼ˿еģԱˡ
λ˵ﻰԵ߾֮ȻֵѾˣֵܶ˾Ͳˣ
ߺ˵ͷ⻰˵ģո˵˽ֽֽģ
ֽ汧ȭ¾ֽ棡һָԱߵֽֽ
ߺ˵ͷֽֽϲʶֽأ
ֽڣֵܶһ˵Ǵүү񶫵𣿡
ֽ˼ǰЩүүǣǵĴүүѾһźܹܿصˣ
ǸδֵʲôϵֽɫƵĿŸߺΪֽǵˣΪߺǳأ
ߺ΢΢һЦæ˰ֽ֣ڵĽֵܣҽиߺ
ߺôôأǣǵֵֽڵ׳ʲôģ
ߺֽڵΪ߶ˣߺ˵ֽھȻ˽ԻصΪ׵ɱߣֵܶզզ棬̾Ϊּ

ôм񣬸ߺ˵ͷֽڵļûз
Ŷô˵һˣҪȫˣȴʼɡľָֹֽˡ
ߺסͷ˭ô׳գȻܹҲǵͬ𣿡
ֽ֪Լ˵ʲôãҪ˵Ƕ˲ԼͬɣǶ˵ȷŵߡ
˵Լͬ飬ֵ֮ȷּҵһˡ
ȴľֹˣ˭ͬ飬ǽֵˣ
ߣľֹʵǳǿǶ˼һĶ֣˵ѾﵽӼˣ
ֽ˵ţֽߵߺǰ档
ȻһС
ƾôоܽǣľֹ˵Ų̵һЦȻһһλεĻɫС
˽ֽһʲô׽ľֹսùĻƽ𽣣ôУ
ľֹɭһЦҪȵȥˣ
ɶ񣬾˵˽½ױеļƷеĽ֪ǿ٣ֽЩġ
ľֹ֣ߺ˵ˣ֪ԭ򣬲Ҫ㲻Ϳˣ
ľֹƳ˸ߺһۣȻֵ㣬Ҫôżɱ
ߺ΢΢̣ӦûˣֻҪһëͷ;Բˣ


228 Ծնϲʽ
Ŷ̫˰ɣҵģľֹЦлƽɫһȻḡ
Ȼżһ㣬ȻԶϷȥ
ֽ˲󾪣ľҵĹԾնϲʽλֵСģ
ҡôԾնϲʽ֮£ûκһпԻϡľֹֽЩм
ŶԾնϲʽû뵽ôˣŵġʣµĸߺû˵Լ֪顣
ҵҪһ£ֽõԾնϲʽʲô֮˵գߺҲˡ
ǣûͷųֻǵһ̤˲ѿˣƲϵӣɳĮ̤ˡ
ߺҲ֮ͬһ㣬ڷľֹȥ
ľֹߺķȥ񲢲żǸߺȴиоһ˿Ѱ
Ϊڿʱʵ̫ˣһĻȻܹԾͬһ㡣
ǣǱϾԾ岻ڰͣôʱġ
ľֹߺһһӾĳʮֵǿңԱֽ˿ĶҪѪˡ
ߺڰ֣ǿһץƺҪռ䶼һץ֮±Ť
ǸߺûгԹĹˣԶ֪Ĺǿ
ǿȫգøߺӻأʹǳߣԵĹ֮Ϊкܴ
Ҫ˵ǸߺֻлصˣҪ֪һ־磬ǿǱ֮Ϊʦǿڡ
ʦҲһ˿Եֵùһ֮ȻҲš
ǣҲˣҪ֪ŵӵˡ
Ϊ䱦ĺߣֻ֮ͨĳ϶ѡ
˵ĸ֣Ƕ˵𣬸Ҫ˵ֶûеõƺŵİӺˡ
һ˿Ϊֱ죬е˼ʹһ޷ٽԼΪ벽
ǣĹȴ֮ΪֿµøߺüֱЩˡ
ҲǸ˵ĻԵ޷ǿǸߺһʼȺҰǣ֪Ķʮֿ£ػһ㣬ˣһСֶΡ
ôߺʮа˾пܺ͸ոձ̵һɥڣǼҲ֮´

ߺһԼץǿץγһץ˷Ϯȥ
ľֹûлţǽżһ㣬Ȼ˸ߺץ֮ϣٴƮƮиȥ
ľֹ嶸Ȼ½еĽֱƸߺüġ
ߺ˫һʲôĽҵһץ֮¾Ȼ˿˺ûܵ
ԼҵԼߺڵѾǶ׶ˣҪ˵ľֹˣǵİӺ߸߽˶Ҫʹ湦Ӧ
ǣľֹȻһͶ㿪ˡ
ԾǼǿķ򣬵ǲҵıַṦߺаȡ
ΪϽʦĹ׹ֻڹϽԾǾ䰡
ֻĿǰߺûôʱȥ⣬ΪľֹĽѾǰˡ
ȻߺѾǶ׶νʮֵǿˣľֹҲܹСơ
ӽӼˣ˵ڵʵѾͬںߣȻֻһأǸߺĶҲԷס
ټ½׼Ʒƽ𽣵Ĺ̶ȣһߺԲӲӡ
ľֹĻƽ𽣾ߺԽԽǽɢǿѾ̵ߺüĴˣߺüĴ̽ȥˡ
ľֹɫҲӵĲߺɣУ𣿱үΪܹúõˣ
ߺ΢΢̣Ҫǰɣ˵һʹģ
˵ţֿȭлһȭ
һȭķøߺ׹ȥߺĽżľֹĻƽ𽣣΢
ߺһʹȻһ¾ͽľֹĻƽ𽣵ˡ
еľֹҲһ򣬲ˤں棬ֻĽżһ㣬˰գȻżһһģٿзһ㡣
ߺֱֱ룬ڵһӡ
ֻûеǷӦߺͳ𣬴һɫɳ
ޣǻոմӵص׳Ȼ˽ȥ
ߺƳ˰вϵŵľֹԾնϲʽȻ˵ãܵôĳȻͣڰգΪ湦ֽСѡĹû
ߺоȻʼΪԼֵܸܹô˹ֽڵʵ
ǣߺҡҡͷ湦ȴԲʺԼ
Ȳ˵˹ķ񣬾˵ԸҲԲԼ
ԸԿˣԲϲزصĹ
ҿ㵽׻ܵ˼УһûɱߺľֹЩ
ǰ벽ӼߣȻһ޷ɱߺ˵ԼʵĺԶ
ߣԼո˵ҪһɱߺˣǣһйСǻĺúõģڴԼ
ɱߺеǺеס
Ӹոսֿߺһ⡱ߣԼԾնϲʽûһ˿ƣֻҪԼóʵɱСһ
СӣҳǿҪ֪ˣ죬ʵ˵ֱĸ֣治Ŀ
ߺ
ֽ棺
ֽ
ľֹʦ֣ʵ塭
ľֹ˲ŭϻ˵קʲôק˵ʲôŻģϿұǣ
ľֹ˲ղԼֻ˵Ļ֣ĸֶѡ
ߺҲʮΣһﲻӲãûúõ֣ǰ벽Ӽߣᶺҵİɣ
ߺָľֹֽ档
ֽԸߺȻԶԣʵ˵Ҳ֪ʶ
ߺתͷֽڣͶѯʵĿ⡣
ǣû뵽ֽ棬ڳһӲʶı飺ðã
ðĻɳɳô÷ߺͷϵĺ˲䱬ȵ
ǱߵľֹɫѾͬڹƵˣɤӶҪðˣԭڸߺ˵ʱǼһԸߺϲ˵ʲô
һﱭˣߺǼһֱʶ飬û

ľֹһ˾ȻƢܵˣҲѧˣû˵ôķϻһֱӿˡ
ֻڰһԾεٶȱʮֵĿ죬ֻգ۵Ĺߺǰ
ߺֹͣ˵ҲһǱڽС
ν
һĽ⻮Уֻոջһ룬ľֹĽž͵㵽ߺĺڽ֮ϣߺֻһڽȻ෴նȥ
νƣߺҲ˼һԾնϲʽԷʩչ£ϧϧΪ


229 ֽڳ
ߺһҲδʹȫôʩչİνľֹܹ׵¸ߺĹ
Ҫ֪ߺȻǿ󣬵ףϾĸ޻
ټϣͻǸһȵĺñĹ˳Ĳӵ޷Ч
ʹߺҲԱߣֻǲɶѡ
һ㿴Ϊ뵱Ѿ޼ˡ

ľֹĽżڽ֮ϣߺɫи޷ĽκӰ졣
ΪĽ±һɺĻΧţĻطӵŨ
ҲԾնϲʽԣԾնϲʽȻʮȫԽڰֹס˵ʽ
ԣԾնϲʽˣ˫ŵĻʮֵļ͡
ߺĽıĽżѹ棬Ǹߺ֧ŶԷ
ôˣֻ𣿡ľֹЦ
ߺ΢΢𣺡Ŷ˵𣿼Ȼ棬Ҿͺúõ棬治𡣡
ľֹЦʲô治ģҿֻɫѰɣҵԾնϲʽ֮£ûһʩչȫģ
˵Ҳ̫Դ˰ɣҸո˵ԾնϲʽȻǿ󣬵ǣΪ̫ˣɡ
ߺһתɫĽĽ³Ȼ˫Ȼͬһ͸Խκζסĺ
򣡡
ߺȫһֱĺڸߺԲ֮ڣϵͬղǰѩ״ıƬƬ
һƬѩ״ıκһһػ߶صĻ϶˲䱻סԶס
ʹ˽֮򿪣ǸҲź߰˶Ρ
ľֹһ¾͸оԼȻ޷ˣղʩչƮƮ壬óޱȡ
һƬƬѩ֮Ȼеһǿĺ뵽ڣѹסԼ壬ʹʮֵĽӲ
Ϊת˺ܶ࣬ңԽԽѩ֮ϣоԽԽء
ɶʲôҲƵʽľֹż㣬Ʈ
ǣ֮ǰһǣεٶȷ·ӵҺܱŤܲϰߡ
ľֹɫһ䣺ңȻҵ嶼ýӲˣµĻ˺ܶ࣬⵽Ƕôǿ¶Ȱ϶Ǹ챦Եʣ
һﻹôĹִϧĲ²ȫˣûʲôǿ챦ڡ
ڱ֮Уߺٶֿ˺ܶ࣬ټϸߺΪٶȴԭĽ٣Ѿ屶٣⻹ڸߺֻʩչӰεԵʡ
ߺζһ£ľֹıֳһߺеĽľֹ֮ϡ
˵òҪ棬Ϊ治𣡡ߺ˵еıһ䣬ɫĺ̽ľֹһƬ
ľֹǴ֮ϣѾһ㱡ĺ
㣬Ȼ˺ңľֹ˫һ䣬ȴ޾Ŀ־뺦£ĽȻܹҵĻֱҵĲ֮ϣҽҵĲֱ̫ˡ
ȫת֮ϣһĺˡ
ôܱѹסأԾնϲʽô򵥡ľֹŭ
ƽɫıһת̵סɫȻһתȫ˹żߺĺɫ
뽫֮ȥȴ룬ĽżȻ˸ߺĺɫ
ٴһɫıĲ֮ϡ
ȻٶȲ˵㣬֪ٶȣܷƵҵߺı
ֳʮֵأѾߺӰˣͲ֪ĸĸǼ٣
ǣӸߺ˵Աߺʲôط
ɶٶȾȻѾﵽ̶ֳ𣿡ľֹȫţԼҪ˵ϸߺĶˣߺ嶼ûп壬ʼճԼĺ档
ȥľֹ˲䱩ŭԼһֻһ㣬ߺһֱôŪѾ޷ˡ
ƽɫٴһתߺĺɫϵȥֱӿߺĲ
Ŷ𣿡ߺһδںǱƽɫı
ʹľֹǿٶȼԼĻҲ޷Լ
ǣû뵽ľֹ˫һȻڿϣǷ̱ˣըĿһռ䶼ˡ
ľֹ˱ǿĳľֹƾǿķ򣬲Զķȥ
Ҽסˣű׽ӵıɣѾƮԶľֹݺݵ˵
ߺҿȻˣ
ͬĻһˣѾ޷ľֹ磬ҪҲҪҺòãȻңո˵ֵأ
ѾܽԶľֹߺתͷľֹ˵ˣ
仰ľֹһȫŵһ飺ǺǡǺǡ
ҪҪҲԣߺǰһʵ
ľֹߺǰһ̾˳ʮಽ㲻Ҫ㡭㣬㲻۸ңҪô
˵ţ˽ϵ·һµı鿴Ÿߺһߺͻ
ߺͷ󺹣ᣬӶûȤûС
ߺԽ˵ľֹϵ·ֽһ֣ߺƣԼֱɽ
ˣ߰ɣүͲҪˡߺ֮󣬵Ķ˵ҳֵĻ

ʲô
ʲô˼һľֹ˵ģǰֽֽ˵ġ
ʵڸ㲻ߺʵȫа취׷ӴܵľֹľֹԶԶľֹ
ǣߺȴŵǣѵ֪ʲôŻɽ
ľֹȫɵˣߺ˵껰֮ȫûзӦɴ˫עŸߺдʡ
ߺΣֻ˵һ顣
ľֹСһͷȻһ̵ˡ
ľֹߣֽλ֣ķߣè׽Ϸ
ߺعͷŵһЦΪʲôô˵أҵȷǷ߰
ֽ̾һֵܣ鷳ˣСĵɣ
ţΪʲôô˵ߺʵĿ
ֽǿһ۸ߺ˵֪˴𣿡
ţҵȻ֪ĺ֮޵еĴڣߺô᲻֪
ֽ˵ǡ
£ߺĻ΢ЦĿԶˣ
˭ֽ滰䣬Զһ춯ص˹
ǿĳ֮ǷϢľ
ǿΪøĽѲǽ죡ֽֽɵˣų΢ĽѾ޷Աˡ
ֽСӣػô԰ڣˣ߰ɣߺ˵ţȶһǧ֮⡣


230 
ǰվŵֽڣǿĽ˾ͬһƵģͶ䶼нӿ
ŵͷ̧âĸߺ
â·𽫿ռ䶼г룬ǣЩֻǽռ䶼̵
ߺ֧ţ˫һâͱӵУȻһ󣬽âͻƬƬĩ
ʵ֮󣬶ԼΪұһˣߺ˵
ֽ΢΢һЦд⣡˵ţǿļ¡
รŶھ磬˺ܸߣߺǿĲ΢΢˵ͷ
ֽֽѾȵ˵ˣǻӦеռ䶼ܲסʼˣ
˾ֽ̫ˣǳеĽˣѾ޷סôǿĽ֧
۸ߺвɽ·ֻһѣЩ̵ϣͬСľںĸϣ
ֽڿȣͬߺһΪףǿȲˣһֱȥֱ֮عر֮ʱ
㽫ʣҲõ˴ϡֽںȻ뵽ԭ
ߺһҲһǿȲ޷ˡ
ߺĵ˵ͷɣҵҪ¹ȥˣʵʲôĳ̶ˣ
ǾĿԴɣ˵ţֽڱ㲻ڿ˲֧һ͸ֽС
ߺ֧ͬڶ֧ĻֽڵƺЩͬ
ĻðźܵĿѹڻ֮⣬ֶһ㱣Ƶġ
ǲ㱻ѹĿ֮⣬һСϸѩ
Ļر̫˰ɡֽڿһ㶣૵˵
ߺ˵þͺãǾһжʤɣ˵ţҲʩչ£б
ߺÿһ£һ֣ܳһܣΧŸߺͣת
ܵڶס
ķҵҪķҵĹߺЩֻһ˲ˣֽۡ
ֽһϽУߺͬʹǱڽضڽϽսУѾȱһĽˡ
Ըľֲֹ߻ԣǶԸֽڣߺԼòա
Ҫ˵ٶȣֽҲ˻ӰɣöԸľֹİ취ԸֽǾԲܵġ
ԣߺԥʹó𽣣ɫĽâһͬյĽķ
ߺһ㶣ոûʹóԼֻᶶһ𽣰ˡ
ǣû뵽𽣾ȻԶɽ
뵽񶫵ߺˣֻҪﵽ֮Ӧöģܵ˸ߺǿȣȻƥ൱
ĵķɨֽ˵Ļϣˡ
ǣǽ⵽ֽǰֻֽ̧ȣһɨͽơ
Ҳһ۷ˣߺĵ
ܹΪҵϽܲ𣿡ֽ˵ţϽҲһͬĵķ
ߺͬǣֽڵĵȴɫֱǣ࣬ȣǵȴ޵͸¶һɫǺԡ
ĵⲻҪ˵ߺĻˣûͨѹͱٱģͨѹ
ȴ˺Ǹ࣬ɫϣ˺һξ롣
ƵĲвˣ˵ǻ󿼿ɣ꼰㰡
ֽ˵꣬ȴûԱ߿ȥֻֽ˳һ֮⣬ңң
ûֽˣԭԼɵ
Ѿ޷ڷɧˣΪߺֽѾ׼ˡ
ߺֽڵĶͬǶǽеıǰƯڿУȻ˷׷һ㡣
̱ɫĽڰƯš
Ȼ˷׷׽ָһһɫĽ׷Էȥֻ˲һ
ֽӵн⣬ϽĹνʮǿģߺӵеǹ汸˿ֽڵĽ⡣
Ȼڵһνսһ൱
һǿĳɢȥռ䶼ʼҵĲ֨֨ϵɳƯ
ߺֽڷ׷׺һֽǷɵϡ
ȥǲѾǺ龳ˣˣֽڰ˵Ļ
˺ܶࡣϽҲ˺ܶࡣߺĵ
ֽһЦĹȻĻҪʵ»Ҫȼ꣡
ֽڵһ仰Ѹߺ׵׵ˣ֣У
ߺСӣ̫ˡ
ŲҪʵʱԶȻôһ仰ߺһ¡
ֻԶӰѸٿٶʮֵĿ죬һڿзɱÿһ·ʵһ
ߺ˫һУѲľֹСûߣֻˣ
ʱ򣬴Զո߹ֽˣˣ
ʮֵĿ־壬·𿴵ʲôÿĶ
ֽڼߺǰôˣ˭
ֽЦֹ׽ӣľֹսո̨ľֹõģһոշľֹսģ
ֽһͷˮӣߺ㽫ղŷֽ۶Сǰ
Ծնϲʽһ㣿ֽڴЦ
ߺһͷߣţ
˵һ㣡ֽ˲ı
ֽ浥סͷλʲô˰˼Ҷɱǰ˻ô˷ܣλͲҪ⿪Цˣ
ôֽʵ
ֽ˲ЦΣ֪Ӽʲô𲻣
ӼǽںߣÿһǿԱߵĴڣӼǵһ˿
ߺ΢΢һЦҸӼأ߰ɣҪһʧˣ
ֽҲ˳Ҳ뿴ЩӼߵʲôһ
ֽֽεҡҡͷֽڰɣĸɣүү
ֽһ㶣û˵Զ˾Ѿǰˡ
ǣֽסˣȻɫ䣺ǣй裡
ߺɫҲҪ˵һӼģӦʹҲԺ׵ܡ
Ͼͷų屶ٿɲǳصġ
ǣߺһֽڣôϽﵽľ𣿡
ֽһЦָֽðһɫĽ
Ȼ󳯸ߺգգۣߺȻ˼ָҲðһɫĽɫϿֽ΢΢һЩ


231 սӼ
ߺֽ˵Ҳʮֵľȣʹǰ˴ΪҲǿңӾ˴ڶĸ֡
ǰĹӣĴһ˿Ĳ࣬˵ӽĴߡ
׽ľֹսȻҲ˴ӣΪġ
ǰйȴͬǰ˴ǿߡ
Ҳ˵ҲӽߵĴڡ
ߺ˫΢΢𣺡ţ˸һأ֪ôźã
׽еȣ˿˧зȣǱŵǱɫĽ·һλһ㡣
ߺȴϸӦһ˿ѰϢҲǹ޵Ľ⡣
Ҫ֪ߺΪѾǻ۷ˣǿȸɺأʵôǰΡ
Ȼ֪ԷʲôʵΣߺﻹе׵ġ
ǣǰйȴͬ಻Ǻ˧ֻǺͨһˣ΢֣һ׽ĸо
ߺȴϸеһ˿ѹֵĸо·Լһɽѹһ㣬ܵҪѪ
ʵǱѰ֮սСģߺа뵽оԼˡ
ͬߺڵ״̬Ҳ˿ˣǸߺܶѩЩ̫Щ
Ҫ֪ܹıԼߵȻӼʮּ򵥣ǶͨߣʹǻҲǺܼ򵥵ġ
ľֹΪ׼Ӽߣȴûһı䡣
˭ǽľֹ˵ˣվǰ׽ľֹսڿ̤
ÿ̤һһ֣Ȼȥֻ̤һΣֿʼظʹʼͣڿС
ϵй֮ǡǡ෴Ľųȵ䵽ϣ·ƬɳĮһ
ߺһ֣ǽƬɳĮƷ޷ֺĸо
׽ľֹս˵ߺЦ𣺡ӣţأᣡ
˵ţߺһζ׽ӱֳһߺһһɽѹȥ
ɽƣɽһȻʮѾϸߺʵĲˡ
ԣԭƣڸߺзһʽˡ
ʵ𣿡׽ľֹսûлͷıҲ˷ѣ͹ԹԽǡ
˵ţľֹսĽż͵һ㣬ѸٴԭʧٳֵʱڸߺƵϷһŵ㵽ߺʽϡ
ߺʱıɽδ۳ǣĽżһ㣬ߺЩ·Ǳʲôײһ㣬ȥ
䡭
ߺ۳ĺѸٻϣϳһкֱð
ߺһݣľֹǿأΪ𣿡
һº磡洫ֽڵߺ΢΢һ㶣㿪ʼ滮ȥ
ȻΪѾǿˣǱϾǺǿߣҲûԾնϲʽ޷ڿгʱ
ȸߺ䵽˵ϣֽڱѾߵˣԭҲһӰ
ţӰ֮Ӱ֮ɾ磡ߺһ۾ͿˣֽڸոʹõľǻӰɡ
ϾߺҲʹûӰɵģԶ֪ʮ
ߺͬĲӰʹһ۾ܿϾߺѾӰ֮Ӱ۷徳ˡ
ߺٴȫʩչӰɣǱһֳŵӰÿһӰߺһ޶Ϣͬ
ٴսʹ۾ҲᱻŵӰԻΪЩӰ֮Ϣ
ŵľֹֽڵڸߺǰͳϵľֹսʵ
ľֹսҲǲ˴֮һΪֽĽأȻǱӣѲɻ˭ҼðӵŲɣ
ֽڳЦһ£Ľľҵˣô˵ոʹõĲӦþԾնϲʽˣ
˵⣬׽ľֹսȻ֪ԷĽ¡
ȻҵĲ磬Ҿֻˣ˴ӵϲƣľֹս˵ţƣָɽ
ֽڿԷҪˣҲŸߺ˵磬Բˣһҵ
ľҵĶԹߺȻֻ֪һһСģеĻͽҡ
ţȻ׽Ҫ֣ҲˣϾεϢṩġйǷֵߺŲ
ĸߺۣ֪ղٶȷǳӰǲǰһ
Сӣ׽һҺܺƣԲв㽫гֻᡭй˵⣬Ȼ¶һ˿º͵Цݡ
ǣһ˫źȻɳУٵߺƶȥߺٶȾȻ൱
ڰ;Уй֣γһɫ
ߺ֪򡣵ߺ벻׵ǣԷΪʲôɫ
ԲǧɳĮеһɳӶйоۼȥ׷ױǿɫ֮С
ǣĴСƺûʲô仯
йǷֵɳкƵģƶٶʮֵĿ죬ֻ˲ߺǰеɫɳߺȥ
ߺһζйһ͸ߺйһǲӰ
δ˵꣬ߺͳйı󣺡Ϊôɾܴҵķδ⽫˿ˣ
˵ţеĽָһ㣬ɫϽ˲йıȻڿлһΡ
һ˲ڿУվйĺ󱳡
Ͻ֮ν
ߺ³⼸֣˳ն£һƬ̳ڶ𣬽ſðŴİɫܴŵȫ˱
ǸߺɫϲָһеɫѸٵߺնȥն¡
ң
ߺһףԽߺ壬ıնȥ
ոոߺı״һСѻɳһ̾ʹȻðһӰ
ͷȪˮˮһȻǣǿ˰ɳӡ
ǸӰɫУǰһƣǿɫȥ
ﬡһռ䶼ռ䶼һ˿˿ѷ졣
ߺѸٺʮÿһκ˶ռһ£ֱߺͣȺһӣռֹͣ𶯡
ǸոոߺǰƮѾ¡
ʵ˵ǲ˺Զú󣬱̳ɢ¶Ӱ
ǸӰʼմûжطһֱȵվǡ
һߺʮģȻлڵסߺߣǣԴֽսߺʹۣ֮Сù
ǸӰйӡ衣
Թԭˣй鴫ߺվ壬Ŷй
ܹһУʵҲܹﵽ벽ӼˣֲܽľֹǸأ
йȻһЦҸոʮ֮һʵ˵ľֹǸǿһЩѣ
Ҿ֪һ£ҧһڣҲǺ۵ģߺָһӣɫϽѸٻصУ𽣡
ߺӶһ𽣣˵


232 йӵ͵Ϯ
ÿСӣ֪Ӽ˾ַйЦЦ
ŶϽǱ񶫵ɣǺǣýնݳٹʮ꣬񶫣ǰּĽܶҵĶ֣
Աߣ׽ľֹսĻţԣӦ˵ˣΪǰŵּĽеѾˣ
ֽ⣬˫˲ĳ죬ָһס죬ŵıߣԾնϲʽүүģһľΪ֮붼벻Ĵۣ
еɫӿ˲׽ӵǰȻ֮ȥ
ռ䶼һ£׽ľֹսηûʹԼֵԾնϲʽǽӱγһ͵סǵɫĹ
һСʯ͸ֹˮУƬƬĿռ䶼ʼŤֽһΣһֳֽ֮ڵӰ
ڳδ֮ǰֽڱ㿪ˣ׽ľֹսǽż㣬˲ԭʧӶڰУ˲㿪ǲĳ
·һ˿ûС
ֻ𣿻Ҫ뱾Ӷսǳ롣ڿе׽ľֹսż⣬ͣڿС
Ѿɢĳһ˿ûз𣬾ͱ׵ˡ
ԾǣֽĻҲû˿Ĳͬ׽ľֹսĻһ㣬ûбǳӰ졣
ߺҲǣûжطЩǳѹĿ󣬽һ˿˿õϡ
йǸɴ࣬һţǰĻɳЩĻɳȻͬһӲЩ޷͸Ҫ˵õ֮ˡ
ҵ𣿹ôҲֲ۰ɣ뺮һϸأȴõˣ
ֽЦɫ˫ֳɽָȻ󽻲˫֣һееɫָȥ
һǿɫֽڵĽָз˲ͳǵɫĽ֮ǰһ¾˽ȥ
ǵɫĽڵ⿪ʼı䣬𽥵Ĵɫɫת䣬ֱеǵɫĽ˵ɫĽ
ǵƯڿУ¸ɢǿƬռ俪ʼ
Ͻ֮ĺϽ
ֽڽָһǵɫĽҲʼˣ֮ǰϽȣĺϽٶȲӿ˺ܶ࣬ҲǷͬն
ⶼûпǵɫ̳׽ľֹսǰ
ǵոճ׽ľֹսǰռȻǿĲɢȥصĻɳʼ
ڿٴαĺϽ룬ƮĻɳûһ˿⡣
ľֹսҲٶһż㣬Ѹٳǵ棬ȻеĻɫһӽֳ֮һϸСĽ
ȻһѽǱССĻɫĽס
ǱϸֳĻɫɫ볤һ޶ǲһǣǱϸСĽȴûнС
ӽⶼԲģͬǩһ㣬ֻȴǩ˲٣ֻһô֡
ǽȴǷǳļǱʱ򣬽⴦ܽռ仮һѺ
ңǱȴͬһϸһ
ʲôнߺҲ֮һ£Ҫ˵֮УֽнǷǳѵõġ
нֳĸԴ죬ҲǳѳɹһСľĸʧܣûǽױеӲȡ
Ͼǿյģʮִġ
׽ֳֻƽɫӽݺݵǵɫĺϽȥ
ϡ
һǿĳɢȥһ£ռ䶼ѺۣȻϸСǿȻˡ
ЩĻɳ˲ʧеѺ˽ȥ
սҲ˲ֻεײʵ̫ǿˣǱĽսͬһ㣬쳹ա
ߺĻǿĳײĲˣ֣йҲֻЩɳˣǹԹԵ֧
ǻɫĻŲͬʸУҲߺĻһ㣬
Сӻ治ǳصģСһʵԶˣй迴һ۸ߺεҡҡͷ
ߺΪȻֽڸôһЩʵʵǲġ
ֽڵʵĿãɫĺϽɢļ£Ա⹫Ӽˡ
겻ţڵ죬תСӳǹӼѲߵĴʱˣ
ÿһЩ꣬ߵķչﵽ۷壬Ϊʱ
ÿһʱо޵֣߳ǵĳɳٶľָΪʵ
ţӺܾ֮ǰ˴ҲǸոУ˹ϵİ˴֮󣬽һ֮󣬱ӭ˴ʱ
ʱ򣬸ոջùŵļˣǲĺ֮£ǿļˡ
ǣһ֮󣬾ͱǿĻߴˣҷǳĲңȫǱһбˡ
һУǵһ˴ӷУЩոճΪӼսĴ
Ĵͬǰ˴һ㣬ܵҲǳĲң׷һоλ
λĴ˰˴еһˣǻҪռǰӣǼ˼дˣҲû뷨ˡ
УһҪС⣬ȻĻԺܱܲס˴ӵӵƶѣ
뵽⣬й˫ɱһڰһһɫУȻԶֽһָ
ǿɫ̱仯״һ֧Զֽڷȥ
һոߺսʱõɫǿĶ࣬ոйֻʮ֮һʵ
ֻʮ֮ѹƶɣһ·ɹռѳһֱĿռѷ졣
Ȼܿˣǿļ¡
ɣ˻ԳΪ˴ӣֱǸ˴Ӷˣߺ͵غȵȻһ˲˾Ÿ
ɢȥɫĵ·ϣոߺӰ֧ɫǰǵɫ
ߺٶȾȻǵɫϽЩҲǸߺӰõµĽ
ٶȣߺǾʩչûɫߺҲẦ£ķ𹥻һ㶼ѷɫҪǿһ֡
ǵɫ뵽֮УٶеıǵѹĿõϡ
ﬡ
ǿĳɢȥߺµĵ˲ݣߺĻҲ˲顣
ţߺΧƼתһõ棬˲ͽһƴ顣
ǲ룬ڶת˵أеס֧ıܻıзй衣


233 żеĹż
Щд̵йĻ֮ϣƬƬмطѺۡ
й֧ɫļߺܵĵڶܽ˼ҵײ֧֮ҲʧڿС
ʹȫʧҲûйϵҪ˸ߺڵǶ۷塣
йƷҲ޷Ըߺ˿˺
й˫һʲôСӵٶȾȻô죬ܹҵѸٵֵ
йΪ𾪵ǣԼȻûа취ͻƸߺķϡ
ߺĺУƻȻ֮ǿǱϵĺԼĻ
󣬱еǿ󹥻ԼĻ飬ڶһ˿ԼĻһᱻƿ
벻ӾȻˣ֮ˣй辪ȵ˵
Ҫ֪Ȼ٣ǵӣͿȺһһˡ
ߺǻˣһ濴ƶƵĶҲˡ
ǣˣڶܵʱ򣬾Ȼ޷֮Ƶһ˿Ѻ۶ûг֡
Ҫ֪ţԼһ׽ӣһҲҪųɵֿû뵽
ߺʹվǶһоȻ޷ƿߺķ
벻йӾȻ˱ɣҪ͵ϮҵֵܣԾ󻼣й뷨ߺȻ
ǣߺ˵һ仰ȥ
ԭոΪ˵ֿйһУߺĴѾˣ޷վ
ǸոոߺйոսеǴμҵײγɵĹԸߺãøߺʱͣڰС
ߺ˵ĻֽȫˣߺȻȥˣҾþòһǸضȥ
Ҫ֪ӼˣԸ׽ľֹսһЩţйոһҲˡ
ʵԲԼԱġ
ߺȥþòҲ뿴ߺǲˡ
й˫һУոûֽȥвֽˣǸߺ
ֽ֪һûʹóȫʵһô롣
ΪֽߺʵȻʤδ֣Ȼ˵ֽӮüʱȽϵͣǣɿֽ֤Ҳš
ֽֽߺԼλûϵֵȥˣ滹׽ľֹսйӼ⡣
Ǽ棬ҲһʲôýԸɴһҲȥ
οߺһˣΪӸոոߺֵйһпڳ֮ˣҲֻиߺһ˿Եֵסˡ
׽ľֹսոҲɱֽˣΪڸոոߺйսһУʵȡ
йʲôʵȻͬΪ˴ӣͬǿ
й߳ɵͿȫɱû뵽ոйȻ޷ͻƸߺķ
ȫû뵽ߺȻǿ˹ʲôֻһ꼶ʮСӣȻôɶ񣡡
ôϣ
֣һҪɱǼСӣȻǹ֮λ޷סľֹս˲ߣ˵
йһȻǸߺû뵽ӻп۵ʱ֮⣬ǿľ˰ɣ
Ȼľֹսʲô˼ľֹսֻٽԼ֣֮ɱԼĳˡ
ĸֽڣľֹսĳˣǿвλˡ
˴֮УʵľľֹսˣЩ˴һֱûлˣ龳֮£˴ӵŲжԶӶԶ
ʹǺߣ˴ӵҲҪ˱ᡣ
мλӣ˳Խǣȡǰ˴ӵš
ǣֽȻ޷й裬ȴʵ׽ľֹսԣй϶ľֹսǾԲֽڻȥġ
˵ͷãľֿˣȻСŵͽ֮󣬱Ӷ߾ȫ
˵仰֮ľֹսϲڣɱͽֱ練ˣ
ǣȴ룺ͬһɶ񣬿ϧұɱֽڣû뵽СӾȻô
й뷨Ҳʲôˣոտߺٶȣ֪Լ֮ɱߺԲô׵顣
ٶȣߺߵĻҪ׷ϣ˵ô򵥡
ǣټһӼ˶½ߺһǱɡ

ڵϵʮӣɫԽԽߺողδܵκ˺ƾʵûˣѲѾˣ
ľֹսɫҲԽԽҪҪȥǱڵ˿ɲã
ȻһЦߣ㿪ʲôЦҪҵţֵߣ˭ܹȵأ
赥ֿסľֹս壬˫һȻıɫȻɳ֮ȥ
ƬɳĮһƬͬˮһ㣬һ˿ƣͳʧˡ
ƬɳĮôļž·ղŵһжûзһ㡣
ոƬѾݵɳĮȻ漣ˣ·ղŵһжڡ

йӲţеٶȼֱ޷⣬Ȼûиߺ屶ٿ죬Ҫ֪ߺ屶ٿûʲôڱ֮ʩչŻġ
ȻĻߺԴﵽ٣ټϰٶվ
йȴͬٶʮֵľˣڻɳƽأһˮӾЩɳӲ赲ٶȣٶȡ
ʮ֮˼Ѿ½ʮˣûпߺǡ
ոյݵĴ󶴶ûз֣ʧһ㡣
йٴʮӣɫ𽥲ÿˣѲˣôոյĴҲʧˡ
ԼʵԼƾȫʵҲ޷ɳذոֻôأ
ľֹսɫҲʮֵĺÿҪ֪һĳˡ
ոҪ˵ЩʲôйȻ˵ˣ
ո£ľֹսԼһڿС
һٶ˵Ѱ˵ˮǽµһĻɫȴ׵˾ˡ
ɳĮ֮ȴһƬ̵أɳĮƬ̵ϷƾհףȴһɳӶûе
ƬɳĮƬ̵صһ㣬ɫ졣
ʲôɳĮ֮¾ȻһƬصĴڣҿΧޱӦż֮£Ѳ֮е𣿡
׽ľֹս˫΢Ϊǰȵĺϲ£졣
й迴ҪԶԶ򶨵ĶࣺߺǼСһȽУȻĻӦͽȥˣ
ҽˣйǽ¶΢ЦҪһ»Եˣ


234 һһΣ
йȻͣס˵ˣ˫ֱֱ¿ȥ
йʣľֹսɻôˣ֣ʲôԾĵط𣿡
йɫ˲ûзڰ𣿡
й˵仰ľֹսŷӦֱֱ¿ȥ
Ϊ˾Ȼǧףĸ߶ȲҪ˵ǹӼˣ㲻ɵĺߵȥҲҪˡ
Žк˵ֱֱ׹ȥڰеֻ˵ĴС

й׽ľֹս²ûдߺ˵ȷǵˡ
ڸߺ䵽׵ʱ򣬾ͷԼѾ䵽һž޴֦ϣҿ֧ŻܻбܣȻĻҪˡ
ʹߺԼҲܵ΢𶯡
ߺε̧ͷȥأҲȥˣҸ޷Ծôߡ
˵ţߺȻһôôС
û˵꣬ǸӰͺݺݵϡ
ۡߺһѪ˭
̧ͷһƣţʶǳ졭ֽڣСӣΪʲôҵ棡
ֽûߺҲ̧ͷһ߹һԼظǱҸ󣬴ôߵĵطˤҲǿˣ
̾ʱ򣬺Ȼߺȣæԭ㰡磬ĲǹˣҲû㣬ҼʹˣҲûа취ܷ򡭡
ֽһδεĸߺͣȴߺɫԽԽѿԽԽ࣬ĽͣϣߺҪ⡣
ܲĴˣߺ˵ôһĻ
Բ𣬶Բ𣡡ֽϴ֮ǰ˸ߺһ壬Сĵһ¡
ȿȿȡһſǺ˵㣬¸ߺҵĿ
ʱֽ͵һȣ磡Сġ
ߺֽ˵˲̧ͷֻӰ
밵ң裬ľֹսҼϵߺ¶ġ
ֽһֽĵ˵ͷ󣬸ߺҲһһԡ
Ӱʱ򣬸ߺֽڷ׷״Ӷصĵط˳Ȼһһš
Ŷ˭ҵƨɡ
Ŷ𡭡ҵҲǣáʹ
ǸҰǣáֽڸоԼʮֵĽݺݵĵ
ߺɦɦͷΪʲôҸоôϤأ
𣿲ҽвǶһʲôһģֽ°ͣɻ˵
ڵܣոǳ𣿡ʱ򣬸ոӰķ򣬺Ȼ߳ػʶ
˲Ǳˣǽֽֽֽˡ
ʻֽ˲˸߲ҵ˵ոǿ˴ӿеһй׽ľֹսˣǲ£ҿҵʱͷԿ졣
һֻŲŻģúһԱ߶ţȻ󿴵ǵʱ򣬷һš
ֽڻɫ˵ţֽֽɫȴԽԽѿ

N֮˴·ţֽƤ׵ģţȷҡ
졭
ţǸոǺܴ̼ٴ죬ͬ
ס죡

ɣȥҰζΪҽôֽûˣֻεԸ¡
һǵõҵϿɣϾôʱˣǳԸҲʲô¡
ǣֽڻû߳ȻԼ嶯ˡ
ţô£ֽɻûʲôֲܹסģǡ
ߺֽ˵ԼĽ¿ȥ
Ľ£ߺȻһм裬һɫĽ˲ӽָбŷҷֽڵĽȥ
ֽֽһոһ·ϼѾ˶ԷѾ֪ԷԼҵĵܵˡ
Ȼ˵ֽ˵ıԼˣɸոҲһʱ֮ʲôޡ
֣Ϊʲô
԰ֵȻϾ֮٣ûôɣ
Ϊߺһʱ֮Ϊ˸Լ˳
ǣǵɫĽڻֽڵĽűʱ˲ŷеĲͬ
ֻֽڵĽűߺȻһɫѪĽűﲻϷ
ǣжǿĿߣʮ־ȣǣҲĵİɣ
˶ʮֲ׸ߺҪֽ֪ҲǶֻѰжǿġ
ǾøߺûбҪ˴£Ϊ߸ֽڵʹˡ
ߺҡҡͷǷδȻ֪ɳĮϵȺͬͨʵȴľ
ֽ˶һۣȻ˵ͷȷˣȺҲˣҲսˡ
ֽڽŴĲϷڿ˳ȥˣһһ
ߺȴ˲ߣһҩĿС
ʲôֽڻû˵ͱߺ°ͣȻһֽ̧ڲһǿҩȥ
ȿȡ磬ǸʲôֽڱǺֱԣƽԸߺ˵
ߺҡҡͷ㿴֡
ֽڰŰɵĽȥôɫˣɫ̫ѿˣҪܱɫжã
ߺסͷѲͷһѵûзԼж𣿡
ôһ˵ǡⶾ裬ⶾ衭ֽ˲ľ
ģոҸõľǽⶾ裬ʹߵĶҺ㹻ܹߣҩҲȫ⿪ģ
ߺֽڷõǴǸߵĴָóģ˵Ȼá
ˣطΣأֱ̫ˣߺܣ⾲ĵطȻΣա
ոոߺĺߵֻֽڵĽһ£ֽڵĽ˲ͱɫ
ǻСһЩǰ߰ɣߺ
ڸߺǵȻܷԣһǰߡ
û߳ʮߺȻýһ˲ָбŷһɫĽ
ոյĵȥΪǴҪûҪͱԼĽնɱ
ϡ
ǣû뵽һ
ߺӽָǵɫȻˣǵֱԱߵֽڷȥ
ֽڿԺѸʩչӰɣߺĽѸ͸ֽڵ
ǣֽ֮ڵڿʧԭֻһӰ
ߺϸǿȥֻǴֻһʣʲôûˡ
ûʲôĵطĺܼӲΪʲôᶯأߺɻ˵
䣬ոͷڰеĸߺȥ
ٶȷǳĿ죬ٶȣһӰȸӲѾߺǰ


235 ֻ
ǱߺϽնеѸٵеĸߺȥǸʮ׳
ʮѸ٣գۼ͵˸ߺĸǰһ·ϵĿռȫˡ
ãһͬɽѣÿһ£ռ͸𶯡
˸ߺǰȥƲģߺȥ
ߺűȸӲǧ򱶵û˿ȣ侲һɫ𽣳С
Ȼ󣬱㽫𽣷ŵǰסǿһ
ϡ
ߺѸȥҶһҽ
ԭߺλãһ˿ûкˣڰз裬ÿһŤռ䶼֮𶯡
ԱߵɶǿŤˣܶڲ֪оͶϳǧٷݡ
ȿȡߺϵؿԣȵĿϿյ
ڵĸߺԼ˫ľһ˿֪ûУոǸһ̫ǿˡ
ǿߺֱϣøߺֱ۲ʱԡ
ٵʲôȻôǿĹߺоȵĵ
ֻͨͨһΪĸߺ˫ԣңͬͬĹûһ˿ҡ
𽣵֮£Ȼûһ˿˺ۣҲδ̫ǿ˰ɣߺ˫һУ૵
ߺȻһٱƵ̶ֳȣֽڼҲʮֵľȣ⵽Ǻ٣ߣ
ߺ˫һ˫֮ðľǵǰĶӲĶˣȻɢһߡ
ڣߺдһҵˣȷ٣ܣ
˵գߺֽֽ򷴷ӣٶʩչ£屶ٱ
棬ֽڽ棺磬㵽׿ʲôΪʲôôȣ
ûȸߺ˵Ȼһ춯صĹһȦȦܵľӴ֮һ˲仯Ϊĩ
һֽڲˣǸǻʱʱƳһۡ
ľľͷƤըˡ
һֻȻʮɣ״һþ޴ľԱߵ֦ر˹ֱۡ
ڶģһ£СľȻ׳
ͬƵ֦ӣȸոյֻǿ
棬ͬһ޴ÿһȹߺǸҪ׳
ϸȻǧСС٣ǧһ𶯣ռ˴ƬƬơ
ֱֽëֲúҪأǲǶְ
ߺ߱ҡͷǲǶֵ⣬ǸͲһģ˵ϴǼɫߣǰͲġ
ǣףֹɫߣ¾ǰһֵĶ֡
ֻռͻ飬ѵ鶥ˣѾﵽ벽Ҳδ֪
ʮħ֮һĹ룬ǰ϶Ҳֲʲôô
ߺΪ׷ԼˣϾԼոýնһ¶ԷԲŻὫ֮ѵġ
ԣڸߺӴһŹԼ˵ġ
û뵽ǿָûԼ෴ķȥ
ֻӶȻһɫι߶һ޶ͬ˿һ㣬൹ǲûʲôͬ
һ֫һͷֻͷûͷһ٣ֻȣǱȽġ
ϸۿ֪оɫĹʵǸǰ
Ǹɫľ˾ͬȻƵãÿӶһֱۣͻдƬƬĿռ
ȻռڼٵĻָɸϲǸɫ˵ƻ
Ǹɫ˼ߵǿǰ췢˵ʲôһ㣬
ǣ˵ʲôߺȴӦԲͨɵİɡ
ǿڻӦʲôȻȻЦ״̶зߺֻԼҪˡ
һҪѪĳ嶯еֽֽһһѪˡ
ߺæͷű⣬ĶһȻûôˣĳȻߺʹ
ֽ̲סһ˿Ѫߺתܣ˫ͬԼһ㣬ñ
ֽźתһЩߺ˵ͷлˣ磡
Ȼ˵ߺǴоֽܿ˵ʲô΢΢˵ͷ߰ɣּĴսòҪ룡
ֽҲ˵ͷȷּĴڣҪ˵սˣ΢һ£˿ɥڴˡ
ߺֽѸٷɱԶûܶ೤ʱ䣬Ǹɫľ˺Ȼŭ𣬿ռŤ
ܵĸˣӰе£ʱɫ˺еĻǾҪսˡ
ߺһܣһȥ뿴ﵽôսġ

Ǹɫŭ֮󣬾ֱֻ֣̱ͬʯɫһ㣬ž磬ݺݵǿȥ
ֱֻۣƬռ俪ʼƬƬݣĿռǿѾ۶ϵѸзȥ뵽ռѷ֮С
Щõ𣬱뵽ռѷ֮УΪܲסƵѹһصм
ǿɫվǣ˿ЩĿռ첻κӰ졣
ǿһٴ濪ʼֱ۲ƶȥ
һ˲䣬Ǹɫ˵ֱ۱ٲʵʵģЩԽԽռıϵĴǸط˹һ㡣
Ǹɫľֻ֣Ҳʯɫͷȥ˺˿ռ䡣
ǿһǣɫ˵һֻ֣ʣ֧壬ֻüֱƵ֦Ǹɫ˵ֱ۵ȥ
䡭
޴ĳɢȥؿʼѿһֱ쵽ߺ˵Աߣߺֻüܣûб
ϸһѷͬһϿȣס
⻹ನɵЧ󲿷ֵĲѾռѷսȥˣߺȥǽȥۿͻ֣ᷢƬѾȫˣֻƾնս
һĳżҲǿĽֹʹÿռ伱ٻָ
Ļߴһܣ׻ʮǳء

û࿴ߺһһˣԺ˭˭ӮߺҲ
ɹ֮󣬸ߺԾЩЦΪҵϽ֮ŭˣˣԼ˵˺ǰͬһ㡣
ոǸ˼пǱߺϽˣͬǰҧ֮һʲô
ߺӵʱ򣬴ŵ֮ˣ磬û̫Ͳ֪
ԣѰ˺ܶ죬Ҳ֪ʱʱΪΡ
Ѿ۵ĲˣҾܵ˼ļ尾
磬㿴ǰǷǺ¥һգֽںȻ˸߲ҵָǰʸߺ


236 ֮
ǿ£սĩһľ󣡡ӳֽӲ
ߺҲǿ٣ȻţϾϻץֽֽأҸߺһֱٶڱܣ»ᱻԶԸĹ׷ϡ
еõ£ӿڵټϱ˰죬ڵ޼ˡ
ڵҲû˵ڵϣֽֽڵϣ˫ۣеתָԼ
ֽһҲоˣڵϴոΪ׷ϸߺٶһֱǼޣڵҲ˺ܶࡣ
ֻ󣬸ߺֽڵͻָˡ
ߺ˫Ǻ⾭Ŀռȫľ̽һı
ߺѾȫָˣŨ棬ҪȫָҲʱ䣡
ΪԽԽߣָҲԽԽѣһǰߺҪָʵͿԻָ۷塣
ǣڣʹĵطߺҲҪʱ䣬Щһĵط춼ָˡ
ߺ̾ʱֽҲˣ˫â͸ռ䣬֮˲
ţⲻ⾳йΪǿĴڣ׶ΣȻͿĿˣǿ£
ߺһԸֽֽ̾Ӿڸߺâ
ԭոոߺâֻǾǿſŴЩ˲˱
еģǿ£ɢ棬ǿűȻʼɢΪԴȪ
ЩеߣʥַҲһЩͷЩ
Щζߺĺâ漰ĲЩط˲һ򣬲һ㺮
ֽҲˣĴȥЩסǣָմȥ̵˿ˣۣôǿԵģ
ƾֽ۷ȻҲо䣬䵽ܲ˵ĳ̶ȣЩν䵽һĳ̶ˡ
ֽֽӲˣҴֻýһЩܲ˵ģоԼѪҺƵġ
ǣߺҪԸǣҪֻ֣ǿһۣǾͻˣ뵽һֽֽȻ
ߺҲ̫ǿˣȻǿ˹ʹʮΪˣʮж߲
ô뷨ǶԵģߺΪѾйʵ޼ˡ
ȻĿǰΪֹߺûԹͺһսţʹǺߣڸߺУҲֻпб
ڵĸߺֻǲɣɵĻʹǺһصߣҲûĿԡ
ڸߺֻϤԼеߺ룬ȥ֮һҪĺһսʹҲи߽˱һͿˡ
ûĺһսֻ˫ʹõʵҲȻԶԷ顣
ֻܲԼʵĸ׶Ρ
ȻЩǲܵģͱ罣졣
ʵնɱߣǾԿնɱ
죬ʱ˶ˣؼٶȲ
͸ߺ˲ͬսߺˣƾɵ⣬Ա֤ȫˣ뷨ڽϾвͨ
Ϊķؼȴ˺ԡ
ҲöԸأӲһߺ֪ˣԼڵԼйһȽס
ʱ޷ȵңӣйҪǿôһЩ
ȻֻǴĸоսȴҪˣϾߺйӵ֪ʲô
ĴӣǰΪزˡ
һӣֽ빫ӣʵ˭Ҳ֪Щս֮УֻңӾ컹ء
й趼ûеȥսԷ˵ս˵ˣʮҡ
ǧ֧Էһ㣬涼ˡ
һصıڶңӾ졣
Ȼ˵ֻڶʵ¾Ľ춼ûʶΪû
빫һսһսʮܣ˭Ӯ˭䶼ûֻ֪֪һս빫ˡ
ңӾȫһ˿˺۶ûУǱңȴ΢Цʤһ㶼ںı顣
ңҲΪΨһһս빫ӣȫ˵ˣԣңӾȫ¶һա
º͵֮£˭Ҳ֪˶ǿ
˵η빫ηأηңӾ죬ηԡ
˵ңӾ빫Ȼеһ֣֮Ҫȴû֮֡
ǵУͬɡ
ǣߺоңӾǿһɣֻν빫ӵʤԿںӡ
ƵƵ뽣սȴԿĿӦǸԶ
Ӽڣߺֽڼ·ϣȻںֽ˵
磬˵ʲôߺԼֽ˲ֹͣԼλ̸ߵߺߡ
ߺͣӦҲȡùŵʵγȥ֮󣬲һȥһ£Ƚ⼸λ߸ϵĹӴ˵ɣ
ֽ⣬һЦд뷨֣СӵΪֵ̫ͣ˾һ𴳵һ£Ǵһ
ǣӽ˰治֪ȥ֮ʵܷ׷ߺ̧ͷ񷡣

֮֮еżʮ־ˣ涼ǻɳԸ޷
沢֪ʲôڷ⣬Ȼߺ˲֪Ǻʱգǲûп嶫ֻԴĵطȥ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬·ϾѣָҰսƵһһΣ
󣬸ߺʹóĺϽ
ֽڵĺϽȣߺɸǷںʽ
ͷŵĺͽЩ˲٣ټϸߺĺϽȻ٣ȸߺٶȻҪһ֡
ҲʮֵǿĺϽһž·ĩ֮ǰľ
ĺϽһһɱԼһ·Ҳоա
ҿûʯһĹȻĻǸߺҲֻ
ǿǰ벽ߵĴڡ
ǰǾǹԴɿɿɡʲôֽھȵԲ·ǰ
ֽֽѾȵ˵ˡ
ߺǰľۣ֮ĳڸߺǰ
Σʱ̣ߺҪõľѶϢҲǸΰĽΪʲô
ԣߺҶȥдżһĴ֣֮


237 ǹ
֮ߵ˭ػżеĴ𣿡ߺ૵˳ǸϿȥ
һߴĽǰʻɫģߴɣߺʵʮ֮ǰͿˡ
ʱھ̫ԶԲû̫𺳡
ȵ˵ǰʱ򣬲Ÿоʲôĺΰ
⽨ͬһ˳ǹһ㣬Ϸƣǽʮɣȴǰǹ⡣
ǹȸ˻ҪԼռǹ֮һ⴦λñȽϿǹбȽһ֡ꯡ
꯱ͨǹ˵ˣɱҲ󣬵ǹЩ񳤱Խõ˲̫࣬ڻѾټˡ
ǽŲͬͼžǴ˵е
ÿһצ鲻Ϊŭڰз·ͬһ㣬а衣
Ǵ˵еޣ˵ʹСһ׻ϴ½ʹǿĲҲͬһĴڡ
ǹһĽȻʻɫȴŴ۵İ׹⣬Ӿкܴĳͻ
ߺոտʱ򣬸оԼĶˡ
ڸߺĿɿڴʱ߷׷˿£͸ߺˡ
׷ߺˣһͬƬɭֵй裬׽ľֹս
ԵĿǸʵ֮漴˸ߺˣɱ֣ľֹսԼеĻƽ˳׼һ̶ɱ˼ˡ
ȽأȻʮɱߺˣעصȴһߵļˡ
迴ǵУɱŨŨļɵû뵽¥ĵҲ˵أܾûˣʧʧ
˵Ļ׽ľֹսȻһæߺıȥĿ־壬·ǰһɱ˲Ѫħ
ľֹսýֶʼˣľֹսݼ
ˣ˵ˣй裬û뵽ӸǰҲѪˣΪǵھأ֪ѡھûУϴսңɱˣ˵ǾӸһֱѰҵھ𣿡
Ǹ˵ˣߺ̻ͷơ
Ϊһ仰׽ľֹսȻôס첻˵ˣߺûľֹսô
ʹ裬ľֹսֻѣǻõĹϵǴû
˳ƽĽҷɫһЩڣü۾С΢Щ촽Щ
ڱźɫӣǰдһ֣߸ССǰİ׵㡣
ͷһɫߣüĵλдһ֡
ߺڴǵʱҲڴߺֽڣܵ˵ߺʱࣺѲ˱ǾӸĵھӣʵǱһλǿˣ
˵Ӧǵڰӣǵھӣ
¥ǵĻйһϴС̫ˣȻΪԼǵھӣȻսǣ
й˼Ŀһ۸ߺҾӸˣ潫뵽ҾӸУδزһͣ
仰û˵ֻģǵǱȽϲ졣
Ȼǵĵھӣ˵أӸ˵ٶ̫ˣɱֻµĹ򣬾ҵأ
ľֹսԱ߹Ц˺֪¥ǲһӣ빫ӣ
빫Ӷľֹսмһˣ㣬ôڱһʬҲͱ˶ȡˣڡ
빫ӿֽڣڵҲʵߣҵĸоǾԲдģ
ľֹսɫһʲôĶæͷ빫˵ǣΪһӣ
ߺһֱע빫ӣǲ˴еĵһӣĴĴڣ֪ңӾʵΣ
仰빫ӷûеôŭҲûɱ֣ǵ˵ңӾ죬Ҳһս˸ƽ֣
ֻЩˣҵ˱Ƚء
ѵĽ˵˳Ȼܻ䣬˵ģɱ飬
ߺ˼⣺Ѳɴ󣬿ľֹսı飬ԴҲǸո˵ǡ
ߺ빫ӽòŵ֪빫ӴˣƾĶǵΪɱ
ƢҲЩֻ֣Ҫ׼ѣû̫顣
ԣڱһ֡⬡
˼ǣ׼ˣͻ᲻˺ˣͻ˭˭ͻˡ
빫Ҳɴ˵ڱ˲֪ˣҲֻñ빫Ӵ⬡
˵֮ʱǰȻ¡¡ĺͬһ㣬
ס죬Ҳ˲û׷׶ǰȥ
һ˲䣬˾֮ǰ档
֮֮£Ⱦ޴ţڴˣǹλãҵ·ĳ
˻࿴һȻС˽ȥոսȥֻ֨ѽѽһոմ򿪵žȻرˡ
ʲôѸǰôңǸžǲߺֽȭͷҵģǵȭͷÿһȭпɽʯǣ޷Ǹ˿˺
ߵʱ߸ˣֻʵֽֽ˱⡣
һߺ㲻ٷˣֹסֽڣˣ֮֮浽ʲô
ڸߺĻֽ֣մӲɣߺ˵ֽ֣ͣ磬Ǹô죿
ߺʼƮڵǺܴ󣬵ǺܸߣһȦϵ¥ݣһˡ
ͬһԲͲһ㣬ɺɫߺЩɫѪϾɫ̫ˡ
빫ӲΪһӣÿһȭǿҵ𶯣ǧȭһ㡣
ǣĿռЩأ棬빫һȭ㹻ռǣȻһ˿ƶûв
ߺֽڴʱռ𶯶ûɡ빫ӵǿɼһߡ
ҸߺͷβܸоǿոûжҲ˵Ҳһλǿǿߡ
ߺͣˣ빫ӲĿһۣҲͣˣС˵ĻҲѧѧ㣬⵽ʲôã
빫˵꣬һۻڹˣ˿빫ԲĶĿͣеĶ
˸ոͣеĹ֮ڴмȻһˣû֪ʲôʱģ·һֱ⿴ǡ
ôͻƾճͷɫߣһͷ׷ͷϣȫһϮ£һǹ
ǹ״⽨״һ޶ֱͬһģӿ̳ģͬǣɫġ
ӭ֮ɭĵ֮һǹǼС
翵쳹ÿһ䣬ǹƾ޷ֱǴʲôطġ


238 
ǹߺмˣĬĬ˵Ȼող֪Ǵʲôطģǣһ֣̾ͳˡ
ʣǴ˵ģ˵ʵҲߵģȻƾճ֣κ˷֡
ʵˣڽ֮ǰߺͿ֮ۡ
ˣɺ͹һ㣬ôƾճǹ롣
ߺ˰ģȭ֣ǰˣ
Ǹ°۵˿˸ߺһۣе˵ͷ㾹Ȼд츳δ龳磬ܾѳ츳֮۰ȻֻǵһףǾͫ츳бȽѵˣ
˵һ˵ô໰Ȼɲ֪ӺδθߺȷЩǰ˵ġ
Ըߺ˵Щ˶ĿŸߺг𾪡
׽ľֹսԱߵû뵽Сӵ츳ȻôǿھǺߣ츳ѣеһǺӾ磬ܹ츳Ķ٣
ҪҪʹˡľֹսû˵ȴһĨӵĶ˼ԡ
ûľֹսת˼츳水˵ģ֮ǾӸôҵĹͿǲСõĽٹҵΪ龳硣
ңߺҲ϶ҵĺãʱھӸλþͻŵĵӶǰװģˣ
뵽⣬跴ľֹսԶԶģһӡ
һжľֹսԣʵڲףʱ˸ոմӦԼ顣
֮ǰ˵ɱֽڣΧ׷½ߺɱ⡣
ڣû˼ˡ
Ǹ°۵Ŀһľֹս裬ֻȻݽԨ־塣
ǵıǹɭɭǵıǵôʹ޷ת
һǵ·һ飬Ȼ־ĿǹмվŵǸ°۵ˡ
֮ɭ֮еǹߣʵһĳ̶ȣͿǣǲҪŻɱǰκζ֪ôģ
ǰ°۵˵ǹ˵˵һʱĿľֹսһۣ˼ԡ
оԼϳһĺˮҸոԼı뷨Ȼ밡
빫ҲȵĿ˸ߺһۣû뵽ӻп۵ʱСǱӵһοۣʹǾ죬ҶһʵѰ
ľֹս˲֪֪һЩߣû츳ʹУҲǺģҲؼɵġ
ǣ츳ԶԶȲ츳˵ϵġ
ڸߺ츳ֽڵǲྪȣǱ˿һܣĵʲôþȵģû档
˵ţйƣ˫ȴǹľɫ̫ˣǳ֮޵У֣У
ߺԼӵۣ֮ʵôǿ˷֣Ҳ֮С
עÿɲǹ߸ո˵ʵһĳ̶ȣͻᱻͽǿǰ
ֻˣ˵ˣ͸ߺ֪죬ңӾ빫ʵ޼
ȴûλֻǹߣǱ滹иʲôߣʲôġ
ֲֽֽ޷أʹǰҲ϶
Уո˵ģ֮ɭǹż֮
ǸǹҲ˵ʲôˣϵɫǹһ٣ǹֱָת¥ݣǹأǵһأ
ߺϸŰգˡ
¥һоŰپʮףֻҪߵ棬ܹ뵽һģڹߣԽеڶء
˭ȵ˭Ƚеڶص󣬲ܽˣҲܹصжˣֻǰͨء
ǣǹȥĻʹһˣͨء
⣬ľֹս˵ݵſڳȥ
ľֹսһ㣬뿿Ծնϲʽɵأ̫ˣҵƼ󣡡
ǣû˵꣬˫Ÿո䵽̨棬Ȼ̨ױõˣľֹսȻͬ߿׹һ㣬ݺݵˤ˵ϡ
ǰ°˵˸ˣŰپʮŽ¥ݣֻһһȻĻǳˣЩ¥Ҳõġңʱɶɲֻһһߡ
ľֹս֮󣬱Ƣ뵽Էֿµʵʶı죬ֻ̡ܴ
Ҳ˷ʱˣȻ޷ԾնϲʽˣǴСṦʹ屾ףٶҲܶࡣ
ֻ룬ɵĵ˵ʮ˽̨״
йҲȻṦûľֹսǰãٶû죬룬ߵ˵ڶʮ̨״
磬ǿЩܰɣȻͱСˣֽһľֹսȻ֮ܵ죬˲ͺˣĶԸߺ
ߺҡҡͷ輱꣬ƽǣٶͲֹˣ̨֮һźܶ
ߺͬĻ빫ӣ͵Ŀ˸ߺһۣ㲻û뵽ڲ׷ˡ
˵ţ빫̧ľȥٶȲ·ɢһ㡣
ߺҲ˵ͷȷ̫ˣڣסһжԽıˣ
˵ţҲһ˲ʧһ̳¥ݵԱߣŬ㣡
˵ţ빫ӵĺ棬¥ȥֽҲӰʩչӰûʧѾ̤¥֮ϡ
ˣļȫ뵽˵һ֮ϡ
Ǹ°ֳɫǹҲԼ£Ȼڸߺһν֮أɱ֮ڿеǸߣֽŵˡ
мģȫ̶ֳȵߣʹ꣬Σʱǵˣ
ʧ֮Уڿֻһ̾Ϣֻϣ˰ɣ
ߺһľݣ̸оеĲͬͬһȦŨΧţӶȸס
ոĿľֹսˣǵ֮ȴʲôˡ
ңߺлӰɵʱȴоԼڵǳĻ·ʲôѹסһ㡣
Ӱɸʩչ£ټǿǿʩչ
ܲأҵٶɱǿϲ٣˵ţߺ·𵥴̨ϱ
ƾڱ֮еƣߺһ¾ʹܳף漴ߺ͸оһӵ´
ߺ˵ҲǰУͬ׹Ԩһʯһ㣬ôŬ嶼ӯ
䡭
󣬸ߺݺݵˤ˵ϣ͸ߺһĻֽ빫ӻ衣
ߺֻоԼҪѪһ㣬ոյˤȻ΢𵴡
ö˶ܲˣ֪ǹǿʲô̶ȡ


239 ң
󣬸ߺȡ˽ѵԭ¥ֻһһ̨ףҪһ̨ס
һȲܽṦõ£ƫƫҪһ̨һ̨׵ȥ˵ٶѸپ
ǣߺֽǿˣÿһ̤ʮ̨϶ͬʱǵӰ
ѾӰһּߵľ磬Ȼڵѹ˺ܹܶ࣬ʩչӰҲǳĿˡ
ߺֽÿ̨ͣһ£ͻǸطֳһӰӣٶȱľֹսȻֻ첻
룬ߺߵ˸ոľֹսڵλãʮ˽ϡ
ʱҡҡϷǹ֮ߵ
ط޷ԼںηҲ޷ԼѣݺԼĵˣҲ޷Լ
ڿʼɱΣÿԽһ˵ʱұ֣
ǹ߽˵ĻǵǰΣߺȽϲǣһһľֹսǸո빫ӡ⬡ڵڰʮϡ
ܹλӲ˴ӵһųӽ߹ȻǷ֮ߺоȡ
Ҫ֪Ȼûʹȫ¥ٶȣǲˡ
ڶʣǱõһ׽ľֹսߺЩֵǣոߵʮס
Ҫ˵ʹ빫ܹԽҲֻܹԽˣ򲻿ܳԽʮ㰡
ǸߺʵṦӦڴλãĿǰڵʮŽף㵽ʮˡ
ֽڣߺһǻߣӰеĵڶӰѾӽ۷ˡ
ѹƵ̫ٶܹ͸ߺһ죬Ͼߺڻûʩչ
ߺıܹӽһٶȣֽڷǳģٶȵĻԼǾߺˡ
ΪĹߺͬټϸߺΪʵĸ߶ûһģôߺȡ
ֽڴڵʮϣһܽʮˡ
裬Ҳʮϣֽ΢΢ѡ
ɼǱȽϿ˽ܣҪ֪ȻΪ˴еĵӣǣǿĹƵģ֮˿Ա⡣
ߣ֮ް취ֻ̾
Ṧ׵׽ľֹսȲϡ
ǹʮֿ죬һ˲䣬˵ðһ뷨е鶼ָһ㡣
󣬸ߺһ̤˵ʮף̤ʮ׵һ˲䣬ߺߵĳ˲Ϣһߡ
ܵʧˣתܵľʼߺܵľʱкȻ
Ȼǰ׳⣬ߺڵǴ̶ǸߺǵѾռΪУѾȪˣǣ֪Ϊʲôֱñ䳹ˡ
һı㹻ߺ񣬶Ĵѩ棬Ӱһǰһ

ߺͫһ⣬ĺͷ
Ϥˣһǰߺֻһʹߵʱֲ֮Ȼ˱仯
Լֱ֣ڿʼתֱһУǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ȻɱҿҵӣΪܵɣ
˵ţֳȭԶԶǰķȥһǿϱ
еһУһǰһ޶һȭܿģɣﳤȥ
ſţߺ˼άʼģһ귢һԺδһ㡣
ţľͣ˺̶ϷһУߺͲзȥ
ߺʮֵĿ־壬ȴű뺮̶ˣǺȻһ飬һһУǻþôᣡԺҽסɱĳ嶯
󵨣Ȼô˵ѵ㲻𣿾Ȼġ˲ŭƣߺͷȥ
ߺ¶һ˿΢Цвڶ˵һ˿Чɣ
󣬸ߺ֣һӰӣĶûзӦߺƳɽָ͵㵽üϣɣ
ո˵꣬һɫĽӸߺб˲ʹĵͷ­ߺҲعʵ
Ƭɵ¥ݣߺһʼû¡
ߺˣԭˣǿ֮еġԡҲԻ˼˵ոոߺԻ棬ôһ϶پһġ
ʱĲ֪˶೤ʱˣһӣһꡣ
뵽⣬ߺ빫ȹһؾȻô죬ʮǵһСؿ
ľֹսΪ˲ŵһ㹦򣬱빫ôࡣ
뵽⣬ߺٶʩչǸߺоڵƺȸոոһ㡣
˵ոһҪһô˵Ҫһ˽һ롣
ߺʱǹ֮û˵ߺݾӵ
֮еӰΣٶȿ쵽޷󣬼ߺһ¥ϾͻֲʮߺҲ˵ߺһȻ̤ʮס
ߺո̤ǹߵͿʼ
仯빫ӵһٲ㣬ߺľֹսеڶʮ߲㣬ֽ貢еʮ㣡
ߺа̾Ҳʮ㱻ԻˣľֹսһͿ˭ȳԾˣΪӦУ
˵ŵĹиߺûţһ̤˲һٲ㣬ߺһû뵽ոյһٲ㣬˲Ͷסˡ
ţڸߺǰһӰӣɫۣɫͷͷϣüĿ˫üޣɰ˫͸¶޾ı䡣
һɫĽУڱ
ߺȴ쳣ȣΪǰ˲ǱˣԼģ
ԷеĽԼһ޶
ѲԣΪʲôֻԼأߺĿŶԼ
ߺǰǸߺԼǰȻ˫ֳɽָߵм𽣡
󣬡ߺͷ·޷𣬶Ǳ˲һɫĽ
ɫɵһ̣ռ䶼ʼǹ֮Уռ쳣ֻ̣ǿҵĿռ𶯡
ߺԼ֣Ҳ˿ҵͶĸߺһĶԼ𽣱ǵɫĽ
ĺ䶯Լһ޶һģһġ
ţߺ׷ʹó򣬻ǸߺÿʹһУ桰ߺʽҲˡ
ʱ򣬶ĸߺ˵ˣģҶᣬҵÿһ֤Լȫһαذɣ
ߺֳɽָſеɫֿ˵ĵط
Ҫưһ˶Ҫҵ£Լ˵ţָһ㣬Էĺȥ
ĺϽٶȷǳˣգۼ͵˶Էĺ
ġߺһЦ˵ģҶᣬЧ
ϡ
ߺӭıУЩһ㣬͸˸ߺı͸˸ߺĻ
ߺͫһ㣺ܣ


240 ΣʵĻӰ
ʱƣһ趼˵һٽףɵĳԽ˹ȥ
ڶľֹսͱֽڳ˹ȥˣǣһȻɴռ죬ڶٽס
Ȼһʼ˺ܶ࣬棬ңңȣµڶܶࡣ
ڵĵڶȴǸߺˣֽڣһʮףҲڲϵı
ֽھãԼÿһһ֣Լȫӵһ㣬ЩҲԼڵиӻˡ
ԣÿһ̨ףֽڵٶȶڲ֪֮м
ľֹսĿǰڵһʮϣٶȴڼۿɼٶȼ
ľֹսٶȻһֱûб仯ȴһֱһƽȵٶǰ첻
ǵһٶʮϣһ̾ܳԽľֹս
е˲һߺ·ͣ˵һٲ㣬ٶȣʹ⬣Ҳ֮޼ǡ
û뵽ȴøһҾþõڵһٽͣȥ
ôˣѲǱ˭ɱˣܣǿʵôǿôĹע֮ɱأֽʵ̫ȡ
ǣΪʲôΪʲôպʵλӵڶһҲȫûпܵģΪʲôͣڵһٲ㣬Ĺؿܺù
ֽǣ빫ӴҲôģţոСӣȻûи֣Ѳɱӿˣ
ԣҵĸоԲдǼһʵȻҺ;ԶԱǿṦϣǿ̫ˣ
󣬴⬾ͷ뷨ΪԼĸоôܾ츳ģʵܱԼĸǿ󣬶̫
õ뷨ǣţûʵ˵˾Բ⣬ᣬΪﵽôߣЩľ鸡ɣǵڶûԭ򣡡
ľֹսЩ˷ܣòһߺڣҼʹŲΣҲһˣ
֮ڸߺʼڵһٽףÿ˶иԵ뷨뿴еİģеֻ
ǣʵͬһ

ߺû뵽ԼĺϽһ´̹ȥȴӭıУߺ˲ϳˣЩУǱ֮γɵıС
Щй֮ǿȻ˲ƵԼ뻤
ҲǸߺԼԼܵǿû뵽Ȼǿ̶ȣԸߺҴ⣬ַǰ˲ǰγɡ
Щлڱ֮ϣ׷ױֵ͸ߺıȻٶϱ˺ܶ࣬ǸߺıɽԷһЩ
ҲЩȫǸߺԵʣǸߺıС
һܾЩеĲײڳܲסˣϰٱССıУͨЩзȥ
֮ʱЩзûнٶȷǿһҲǿ˺ܶࡣ
ЩԱһЩҲӷˣ·ܹƿռһ㣬Щȫ顣
һɢڿյʱ򣬸ߺҲ˶Լܵ
תһѾѿıܣǸߺ֪ﱾӦܣֻʣһˣѿˡ
ǸߺĺϽɵǿƻ˱ͬƵڱ֮ϣȻ˾޴˺
ǺǺǣĲأĺϽǿ󰡣ʩչˣҲ㿴һҵĺϽǷǸһǿأߺ˵ţָߺһ㡣
ߺͫһıǲᱻģֻܴѣĻȴЩƵˣұҲƵһ档
״˵ǾԲֵܵסĺϽģ϶ᱻ塣
ԿߺָָԼһζڵĸ˸ߺӰ
Ǹߺ߾ȫʩչĻӰɣԳʮӰҲΪ档
ѹζܰɣûбѹŶҲ˵ԶԶңû뵽ġߺһЦָ㡣
ĺϽ߷ѸٵĽߺɵǶӰһЩӰɫĽɢڿС
ÿ죬ɶҪڵѹסˣҵĺϽ㹻ֵֻܵһߵֵһˣߺк޺޵
¥֮ϴܣЩѹ˸ߺڸߺʵ½ٶȶԶǰ
ǡߺֻеվǣͬˣһ㣬ָֻŤɫĽͬһ㣬ϵĹߺ
ߺһ߶ܣȵԼ챻ǵɫĽ׷ϵʱĺϽѾߣΪٵֵһι
һˣߺЩӰȫʧֻʱߺָһң
ɫĽڿлǵɫΧȥ΢΢ֵһ¡ߺĺϽʹЩ΢΢ͣ͡
˴˻ᣬߺٴʩչӰΣʮӰӳͺӵС
ţҲᣬӦ˺ܶ˰ɣֵطһ¾ͻķƽŶġߺЦ
ߺ˫һУķϻǶడ滳㵽ǲǻӰȻԼ˼뷨
ɶȥɣ˵˴˵ĳʹ˲ͱˣͬߺһñޱȡ
â˫˲ռ䣬ֱ䵽ߺϣߺֻһЦϧĹЧ
ո䵽ߺϵĺâѸٵڸߺıһ㺮ǻû˵꣬ǲ㺮ʧˣߺ뵽ڣߺǿƤҲָƽ
ҵʽȻȫᣬôҵǷܹģأߺЦ˫бŷâֱֱ䵽ߺϡ
ġߺͬոյĸߺһҲѸһǣֱѸٵսȥˣƤͬǰһá

ǹĶ㣬ǹվ˫ۣӦʲôһ˫ۣţȻԳˣԸߺô£
һָ㣬󲻵ò̾û뵽һֹˣϧһ֣ѡе˼޻ϧôһˣ
ֻϧ涨ֻҪ֣ǲֵܲģǴܹ߱ͻ

棬ߺһĻˣû뵽ԼǰðƻȻҲӵУߺ·һǲҲԼһģĻ̫ˡ
ӵԼ˼άʵͬȫһ
ؽĺϽġߺȻָһڰеɫһ¾ͱ任
ʲôߺһ¾ͳ˹ȵףһĺϽԶԸˣû뵽
߾ߺϤˣӡĺϽȻֻһ֮ȴȴӵбٷ֮ٵ


241 
ġߺָߺķһ㣬ɫĽƿնĹߺؿڴϮ
ߺûзӦɶ񣬻Ӱ֮ӰΣߺڵȫڸߺԭվĵطֳʮӰ
ǣû뵽ġߺЦһЦΪӹҵĹҽҪĿˣһнգ壡
˵ţֻǻζһ壬ÿһߺֳһߺˣʮӰ
ǡߺȵĺϲ£죬ĻӰɣȻѾ׼ǵԷʩչԼֻȫʢʱʹİӰӰΣߺǳľȡ
ߺȵʱ򻹲洫ߺҵˣ˰ɣ
ԼԼǹ˿־ģߺε˵һ䣬ת档
ϣڸߺĺվһԼƾߺ֪ⲢԼĲӰ
ϾԼĲӰߺô᲻
ɣ˵ţһɫȻԼǵոմߺߺ·˲һ˺ۡ
ߺָһԱߵĺϽ˲ڸߺԱߣǵɫֵȥ
ǺǣͷһأǣǸߺûгϣ¶һ˿΢Ц
ߺȻ仰ֻûһ䣺ãмˣ
ʩչӰɣ־ǣôŬת壬嶼ǽӲһ㣬޷ֺ
Ǳļ͵ȻôŬ޷Щһ㡣
еĽԼʩչһأǲ֪ûƽߺ֪Լ³һá
ʵ̫ˣʹԼսƽ֣Ҫȡʤǲܵġ
Ȼ֪ԼǱԼܵĸоʵ̫˽ˣԼ챻ԼɱˣһЦһ㡣
ӡĺϽʹסԼû´ĻǵĺϽͻɱԼˡ
ľ𣿡ߺЦԼ֮£ҵʵֻԼ򲻰ܵˣôʱ仹ô԰ҾȻô
ߺϵ𣬺Ȼ֮䣬޾ĺڰ֮С
֮һ԰ɱڵʲôܣ
ߺֻǾ޾ĺڰû뵽ôԼʶشô˵أЦɡ
ո˵ڣȻʶʲô˭ôᵽǲѾˣ
ߺһԼȫ֮УǸþûлصߺֻԼٵ׹ȥ
ȴһ޵׶һ㣬۸ߺô׹䶼޷ײһ
˺ܾãǸֳˣôģӦԼǣң㣡
ֵǣոջŮ׵˵仰֮󣬺Ȼ˸ߺԼ
ߺ˫һйʲôңѲǸӰ
Ǹ̾һǸֻڵ㣬ȴ㣡ңû˿ĹϵģǸĳһûģ
˵ΪʲôΪʲô˵ôҪԼߺвϵ߶⡣
ǸҲǳߺıĵˣ̲סˣʵ˭
ǸԼߺԥĻش𣺡ߺ
ո˵ҪԼɱǸоЦǵʲô
ѡһĶ㵽׻ѡʲôأ
Ǹ˵꣬ڸߺܺȻӿֳһ֮һƬΣ֮дһߺĸֽ֡
߾֮νؽƽýؽ
Ͻ֮һϽϽϽĺϽɫĽڿз裬ཻռ仯Ƭ
һȳʬͣ
ߺ˭֮۷ˣֽǱĽȥǸո쵽һ룬ֺȻͣסˣȻҵҡͷ
ԣⲻҪĵⲻҵĵ
տʼ߾ʱ¹ģֻǸԼ֮һֶζѣȴԲԼҪĵ
ߺող뷨ǱͿʼŤһ̣ϿգƮһԣɢںڰ֮С
ڸߺǰһƳ֣ܡ
ڵܿǸߺҪıֶ֮һγֵĶûбһγɵĶơ
ǿķ˶֮̾ʱйʮ⼸ƵĴڣҲֻȫˣߺʲôԲ̫ܵĳ
ǣߺԥķˣǿڹȴһȱ㡣
Ҳһ̣ƯڸߺϷҲʧںڰ֮С
ȻڸߺǰȻֳӰÿһߺһ޶ÿһӰӸߺǳϤ
ϸЩӰӾȻаٶ
Ӱ֮ӰΣ
һ£ߺ˵ģһǽһǸߺĻӰɡ
Ȿؼ֮ǿΪ֪ǣõȫĹģһأ˵һʵ壬ʵȻֻԼ֮ȴһĴڡ
Ҳ˵ȫ֧񣬶ңֿԼսνһʮˡ
Ժߺʵǿˣûػ壬ȫԷֳһڼأԼıȥ졣
󣬶ԱûκӰ죬ֳֻʱҪ帶һЩĵġ
ǣĵٲߺۣ֮ÿһζ֮
ߺԥûдЩӰΪⲢе֮
ЩӰͬƣһ翵ҲɢڿС
һЩΪ֮󣬸ߺվ⣬ĵĵҪ浽׻ʲô
ǣ˰죬ȴһûг֣˵ʲôˣһëûгڿС
Ѳɾû𣿡ߺвڣǸո뵽⡣
кȻһ󺮷磬ʹǸߺʶסһţƮһѩ
ƬѩߺѲֻһƬѩѡ
Ȼ󣬸ߺסƬѩ
Ƭѩ͸纮ģƬѩո䵽˸ߺУ֮оͺȻ¸ѩڰƮƮ
ߺС䡱һ룬ͷĺһ㣬ϴŸߺꡣ
ƬƬѩȻĿ£ֵȫ䵽˸ߺϡ
ߺȻ޼ɵĿЦԭΪǴˣԭұκ˶Ϳ
ǱĩãȻһʼĴ㣬Լԭĵԭҵĵһֱң


242 ֮
ǵõʱߺһҶں˵ĵүкüζԼԼΧ
Ǻ壬ԼʸıˣǿҾȻպԴԼΪ
ߺĽȻǾ󲿷ǵڱ
˵ߺڵĽʹֽ޼Ҫ˵Ϊ뽣⣬ߺȲֽڵġ
뽣ΪɶǽĸֻǿˣʩչŻӵ
ǣߺӵеֻǽƣδ⾳һء
ǣߺʩչɱֽǿ̫ˣҪ⡣
ĽԷٶȣڱͺ֮лԼӳԼĽٶȡ
һ·ͬŵӰһ㣬ڸߺԺߺֻԼͷƮ
ߺĻ𵱳ѧϰӰɣ߾ոոıʱµľģеһֻֻб֮ԼҪġ
˵ԼΪʲôԼˣʵȻսҲӷˣԭʧȥң
ߺĬĬ˵޵¡
Ǹոѡ˴ĽʲôôڵԼ϶ֻʣһʬˡ
ʱߺҲˣȷԼıģԼԼʶԼı֮С
ոЩǱ˵ģǰԼľԼʧʱ򣬳Լѡ
뵽⣬ߺĿʼת䣬ԭߺһƬڰã
ǣӸոտʼߺпʼɫǰããһƬѩ֮ɫŻĺ
нƮ¼ƬѩƬãã硣
ߺһԼĵʱ򣬸ߺ֣ԼĻ꺣ҲȻ˱仯ԭߺĻ꺣һƬռš
Ȼ㣬Ե÷ǳǣոյһɲǣߺ꺣ȻƮѩЩѩ͸ģһ㡣
ŸߺĻл꺣еı仯ԱҲԽԽˣˮ֮ԴǸǿ̬ˮˮһԣȫУ
ˮͬǧ
ߺողʶڵĴһЩȻƾճˣһƣǸߺϸһơ
һƴ֮·ܹ͸һƴżǿ֮ڣʹǵǹ궼͸һƴ֮⣬֣׽
ոʧӰȻˣҶߺıƮߺߣߺ
Ӹߺһ¾תĻ꺣С
ڸߺ꺣Ʈѩ֮У֮ϣϢ
֮֮֮ռһ꣬Ƭѩǿտס˼һ㣬ɢԼϢ
ߺ⾳ҲȻ뵽һΣĿԼ
ߺ˫͵֮
磬ߺ˫ҲȻ󣬷˿޷˫֮ͫױ˰ɫһ˿ۺڡ
棬ߺŷ֣ԭʱ仹ͣڸոԼһ̣ǵĺϽԶԶûе
ǸߺԸܵԼеǿ󣬻Լı仯ոշһк񶼸һ㡣
ոյʱ·ֹˣߺϷôı仯ڸߺжȹôһʱ䣬ʱ䷴һӶû
ֱʱǸߺ·ûзָߺı仯ΪߺǱġ
˶Լ壬ߺھȻܶߺҲûпֻţ֮кȻ޾ı⣬ϵ˲ͱˡ
֮ܶ󣬸ߺת˹ġߺ㵽˭ܸоõĺҲһ˵ֻǿҵģ³ѣ
˸ղţߺľΪõ˺ܴ뾻ܸоԼһвһˡ
ոնԷʹõбȵȣȻԼһбԣܹסˣԼĺźܴĲ졣
ߺܹ˼ģԷıȴֻ˸о䣬Ȼ͸ߺı¶һȴڵĸߺоһ˿ĲȻ
·𣬶ԷӦˣǿģ¶ɵġ
ƾߺڶԱ֮⣬Щģǰ޷Ρ
Ҫ֪˭ԺȥɣġߺȻԸߺܹܲ죬ĺϽѾߺһˡ
˵ڵĸߺǶϵ⣬ˡ
û뵽ߺȻôվǣһ˼ûУһ㡣
ڡ
̽ߺӦȥü֮һָϸĿ
ߺˣǸߺ㲻ʩչĺϽˣɫ£ǵĺϽҲʵ𽣣ڸߺüġ
ǡߺһȥˣû뵽ڵСһԽԽˣҲóŪˣ
˽ǣǸߺתһ䣬Ȼһɫ壬ߺͷϵҲһɫ壬ȥںϵС
ɫ˵ž̨꣡ʱߺ廹ûȫء
ɫոԳԭΣߺеرɫѪ⣬һΰѩ
ͬոյµĲǸߺеҲǸߺһѩһ㡣
ĸߺȴѩ֮½ΣҪȥİѵԼϷˣô˶û˼
ߺĻո˵ڣɫȻסˣȻ󷭹ֹת
ߺһɲǣ巭ĸˣϵڿбãôܣôܻţ
ߺһ𽣳У㲻۵ü𣿼Ȼ㲻ˣôҲˣ
ڲˣһˣ˵žѸٵȥ
ߺ΢΢𣺡˵Ͳˣѵñү˴𣬾㲻ҪŹˣ
˵ţߺżڵϣǵѸٱһɱΧɲǼһ
ʵʵײǱϣܸߣֻڱһ˿Ѻۡ
⡭ôôܣ巢˵ʮֵĿ־塣
ߺЦ
Դľҵ֮󣬸ߺľˣӿʼĿ֮֮
ʵߺʹﵽ֮۷壬Ȼһûù־ǹ
֪Լ֮󣬻᲻ҹʱԼǺá
ʵΪһ˵õҾ磬Ǹߺȴٳûдﵽ
ҪǣʵΪʱʧ˱ҡ
ңҡ
ߺһرҵһɲǣˮɵĵ֮
֮࣬Σģҡ
ʩչҾʱ̨κʽκʽջ꺣֮е̬֡
嶼ʵķӳ꺣Ƥ͸˫ѩɫ
£ߺǿģոյϽĵȷǱܣֲǱܣѾΪߺһˣ̵һʽһ̬
ڵЩʽߺôߺʲô̬֣Ǿͻʲô̬֡
ҲҾ磬ߺҪһԣߡҲ


243 ֮
εɫ忴ߺ˫סˣΪ˫Ŀ֮УǱ̹ǵĺâ
˫ѩɫ˫ȫۺڣ˫·޾ԨԨ֮޾ıɽƮǰѩ
ɶΪһ£ܹ𣿿ҵġ˵ţɫһ䶯ܵĽһɵɫ壬ߺס
ߺǣȻĿ͸浽ʲôҪ֪ڿʩչ֮ۡ
ߺʶң˱УҲõܿƱˣټϸߺ֮֮۳ɹ죬Ҳ˵ˡ
ڸߺ֮۲͸Էʽǿһܹɻþʹ˽һڱĻþ
ոɫ̫ǿ󣬿ܾͻԶĻþ֮У޷԰ΣŶԡ
ûǵ֧䣬ͻɸߺ׸

ǣߺҲǲѣûо棬ڱһ־侲Į
ŵɫʧʱٴα¶ڸߺǰǸߺӣֻ֮ǰͬ
ɫøߺҲӵһ˫ȫۺڵѩɫ˫Ŀɢź
һΣٴΰԼУ仯ɵġߺٺЦ
ߺĽֱ󣺡һֻ֣ʰ㣡
̫ˣɣߺ⵭Ȼı飬ɫɵġߺ˲䱩ŭ
ץװһɫ䶯𽣵ģ
һ˦Ǳ𽣾ƿշߺϽ֮ĺϽ
˫ֳɽָƾָе𽣣еһķʽУٴӽָб
Ǳû𽣱ɫУڿм仯ڱһɫĽ
ǲĻӰأһı䶼ûУαķڷߺЦ
û뵽ߺֻһЦ㻹ףȻܹģҵʽҵĹҵԣǣı֮Զ޷ģµģ
ÿˡߺǵɫȴһ˼ûУȻԹԵ˵š
ǽ˲䴩ߺؿڣߺЦΣôٶĻӰ֮¡
ߺոһʩչ˻ӰɣԼԭض£ɵһӾþѡ
ߺӦ潥ȥ
ѵ
ߺݺݵˤ˵ϣһѲС˰ɣˣľˣɶǰ׵ˣ
ɫԱ߸ߺٴδ֮㻹ϲأ
ʲô̧ͷԴȥֻߺһȻĿ֮У˿˿ð
ߺ͵ػͷոյµĸߺȴֻһѻѩ֮ʲôûС
ôأؽңƽߺʼЩˣһʹС
˲óһģһĵɫĽĽʹңʮݿߺȥ
ߺֻ΢΢ҡҡͷڵȻһǣսʽ֮ǰȷʵһ޶һ˿ı䶼ûС
˵仰ߺһΣһ̤ǣȴͬռһ㣬˲Ǹٸߺǰ
ʲôṦسɴ磡ǼٸߺǼʶ㣬ֻ˵仰֮Ѿʼˡ
ʲôʱʵģسɴṦô׾ɵģȻƺ龳֮ṦǾһЩ龳߶޷£
͵ػͷô쵽ģһѾһˣ
ԭ򡭡ߺǰɫֳɽָһɺ֮Ѹᣬһ͸ı
ߺ֣趯£ɫȻû۶ϴ͸Ǳ͸ı˽·ߺĺȥ
ߺַĶͷ̣
ɫֻԼҲ޷ֱ任ˣ彥һɫ
ɫĲҽУײܵĺ޷ͻЩ
ÿײһΣоͼһ֣ҿʼת䡣
ɫھƣߣȴд㼴ʹסңҲԶ޷ȥΪѾҵĻþ֮ˣþҰ⿪ƾڴ˰ɣ
ǡǼٸߺͣһ£ɭ˵ʵͻƵǿ
˵˼ߺǹ֮УȻûһ˿ߺĴڣոԼͻƾ磬ʵŻġ
֮⣬Ҫʵֱ죬Ըߺûа취ʵ
Ŀһеɫ壬Ц
ЦһԼɭûţ־˵㡭Ҫʲô
ߺ˵һ壬ҴӸո𽣵ǿȣģҵӦһżǿɣ
ɫһ³ˣ춼û˵ˣȻԼϢˣұСӿˡ
ʵߺֻթʹûлȪۣ֮ǣԴ軪˵˾㲻׶ˡ
ǰǳţ»ǣڸߺҲѧɣӷС
ĽٲߣѾ˲佩ˣߺɲ⡣
ڵʵȻǿڲǰҲʼһֻ϶ѡ
ƾۣ֮ߺ֮зһ˿ߣǲȷԲ˵Ƿ
Ǽһһ仰˵֪Լ¶ˡ
ڵıٴαΧĺ˲һű峹С
ԭأƳ죬ŷģʼĺ
󣬲˵ʲôߺᣬǾ
㲻ңȻǹ̮˶㣬ǹҲ
ˣҪˣߵĻҿԸôϼؼѡ񣬸Ͻױá

ŸߺգԽԽСѾ˵ˣСӺãţһһڵģ
˵ţƮһŰɫ壬ȻӸߺıһգ۾ͳˣֻСһЩ
ߺֹͣգ۾Ļ꣡
֪ǰʲôΪڵģǺᡪˣŰɫҧгݵ˵
Ȼȥ
ߺһָһָŰɫȥȴ͸ǻ壬ǻһ˿壡
ǻ겻ٶˣܲٶȸȥ
ߺ㲻ǿҲֻ׷ѡ
Ӵ֮Ҫ¶ˣǼһĻȻôǿҲ֮ģһߵǣɲôģߺ̾
ոһ˿ɫ壬֪ˣǵ֮ô֮ģҲӦǲǸ׶εġ


244 
һʧߺ˲һǰʼģߺǰʱ򣬸ߺԼȻ¥֮С
ڵĸߺȻָոյĶһֻŸո̤ϵһٽףһֻڵھʮŽ֮ϣһ
Ҷ߲ϴǹߵ빫־ӵһٽףڶֽڡ
ȻֽڵΪûǿṦˣΪҲľֹսʵǿࡣ
ڻݾӵڶڵİٰʮף裬İٽϣǣǲš
ڸߺǰľľֹսˣȻȽ٣ʮϣȸߺ߳
ߺûйվǱĿڵתһ㶼ں顣
Ҳ벻ںڵĵ֮ĴҴոǻǰֻǹװ򶨡
Ҫ֪֮
֮ǴصĹ屦ǿĵϵ̣ۼ˵ĵ֮ϵᣬֻ۲ָ״Сĵ֮
ĵ֮㹻һİ˼ͷѪΪǵ㹻ʹʢв˥
ң֮лǿϢЩϢѰߵõһ㣬Ҳ㹻⾳
˵ʹָôĵ֮֮ǿϢ֮ӴҲ㹻һʲôͨһԾΪ߸ϵĺ۷ߣһ
ҲΪˣӴϢô׾ܹյġ
ʹһϢûѣ꾡ɢӴԶʧ
ߺţʹǿߣʹȼԪ½ָ״ĵ֮
ң֮ԣǿػǵĿһյ֮ϣԼԾΪǸ߸ϵޡ
Ҳ˵ڵ֮ԱػĶǿȲߵޣְ񻯵ޡ
ԣ֮ȻǴع屦ǣΣճ̶һҲС
ߺոյõ㹻ȭͷĵ֮ǿ϶ֻǿĲ߲ܿơ
ԺҪһߵˣ⵽Ӧ˵ǵùأ˿Լнŵ֮ߺ˫һ
˭ȻҵУٴҵжߣߺ˫ɱԣʹǲߣҲҪվ
漴ߺΪ֮еһ˿֮ڲϵھͻײߺԼҪըһ㡣
ˣͬʱһӴϢĻ꺣ӿȥߺоԼĻ꺣ڲϵ͡
ڣԿߺüλãȻ͹һ飬ֻл꺣͵һĳ̶ȣŻᷢ״
ߺŲ꺣Ҫľǻ꺣
ûˣԶᣬ꺣Ǳըˣͬ궼˲䱻ٵҪĻʹǿ壬Ҳֻһʬѡ
ڸߺһͣٵĹ򣬸ߺĻ꺣ƣߺԼĸ벻ϵĴ
ԣߺҪס꺣꺣еĻʼתӴϢ
Ƭαߺ󣬲ϵӿߺ꣬ߺͷҲԽԽȣǳǿϢԵʡ
ߺɣԼȥ᲻ȼˣҲ˲ˣֻϣЩϢܱա
˵ߺдΣĪڴˣȻߺϵЩϢǸߺĻ꺣ڲϵţϵµѿڳ֡
ߺ壬ߺľҲʼƣߺѾͳһĳ̶ȡ
ԶԶȥߺСɽһȥٽ
ҪȥμӳĽĿһصģû֮һ
ɶӽһҪס㣡ߺоѾľˣҲ˲ˣ˺ݾ
ǿʹ࣬ȥڸߺ̫ˣָ͹ǰ
ߺ˫һĹâֲԼ߹ǲȥ
ۡ
ѪӿߺȻֱӴԼдִŸ¶һץסؿڵĴָ
ָʮֵ棬ƳɵĲϺָʮϣֻвʹãԽдָǳָŽдָġ
õָһɲǣߺоԼʧͷҲ˯
ߺ֪ԼԾ˯ȥȻܾͻԶ˯ˡ
Ȳ˵ǿĵ֮Ὣ飬ʧѪ࣬ϵҲ㹻һˡ
ʹһ˿ֳأڳصһɲǣߺһΣŵĻӿĴѪ
һĻ߸֪һߺȻͻƵ֮Ļþϵĵͷ
Ǹӣϧ̫ԶˣαԿûʲôˣ
ߺȻյ֮ʮϧҡҡͷ֮Сӿˣ
ߺóָһɲǣȻʲôҲоˡ
ǴһϣԼոմͱ˲䶳ˣջرȽϼʱҲҪС
ʲô߿ˣ֮ɭ֮оȻƲˣвĶɴˡ
Ƕ˵õǺֱǲ롣
˲ߺǰǣﵽߺǰʱȴζܿߺ벽
ǱϢȫֵ棬ʹǰ벽
ۿŸߺһ㺮𽥵γһǺϵðźܵһжˡ
ǶοռĿռȻҲˣǶռ㲻ϵпռ䱻ѣγɿռѷ졣
ѷԽԽ߼ٺˡ
Ϊǲ˵ĻռѷͻὫսȥοǺпܽ궳ᣬ⡣
ǹ֮еĿռʮ˵һССĻ澳ϣ͸ոӴߵĲ֮꣬޷֮ѿ
ΪĿռ̶ȳ˵ȫģսҲֻĲߴɵġ
˵֮ɭ֮ضЩ֧ŵġ
鲻ˣôżҲ˲
Ҳֻк͵ͬȴڵѷ죬Ҳô󣬱ϾĿռȫˣҲᱻ
ֻߣЩ֮ߡ
˼һҾǹ֮ɭʮһռͻ˲ѹĶͻӴܳȥôʮ֮˼Ͱ׷ˣ
˿ߺңõ˵֮ԶȽĴڣʹһƣԡ
գеɫǹ߾٣ˣ
˵꣬еɫǹҵųǹ𶯣ΧĿռҲһ㡣
תϵ¥̼ʧļȫˤסߺĺȴͣڰգڲϵɢ·һҪռ˲ſϰݡ
ȥɣеǹȻúǹһСȻǺ
ʮɵĳǹһ¾ͳɣڿҪǹǽڵʱǴȻ֣ʧ⺮ȥˡ
ǹڷһ֮弱ٵĺˣײǹǽϲͣ
һ˿Ѫȴסˣ۳ǹһ㱡ĺ


245 
ȻǹΪֻԼһԸΪߺɡ
ض֮ǿʵȲߵ߶ҽӴֺߺϣǺ֮һǱɵġ

ߺؿλõöָöȪۣ֮ߺǻȪ֮۵ĺѹǵ֮
û뵽ߺո¶һ˿϶ĺ
Ǻȸߺǰõʱ򣬲Ҳ˲١
ڸߺڵĵ֮˲ֹͣˣѾ׵ѹͷеϢҲͣǡ
ߺ屻Χ棬֮֮еϢϢʵ˼άҲñס
ֵǣߺ˼άûбסǸӿת
֮ĺԴԴϵߺڣǵ֮סҽʼᡣ
ߺ˾ţָ֮ϴ򿪵ǵѷֹرǺԴͷȻ˺ܶࡣ
ǣʹڵĺͺ죬ļ紺֮ɭԴ⺮ǹߴȻɳٶľïܵɭ
ǴĿռ˲ͱ䳹ǣǴط˲纮һ㣬ʮˡ
Щ֦Ҷïľһſ񣬾Ө͸ȫһ硣
Ǻ̫ˣеˮֱᣬϸţëѩſƮ
˴һЩҰޣǣ⣬ȫˣһƬ˲
Ҳһ⣬ǾǸߺ
ߺǺ֮УȻ޷ǣȴû
ߺֻǸо޾ĺԼԼ嶼ľˣոձԼƿҲֹͣѪˡ
ѪҺסˣңǿֲ˿ڸߺ岻ϵպȻʼĻָ
ڸߺ˿ڴⲻ䶯мӶȥȻۿǸߺȴܹܵ˿ڴı仯
Ȼߺоʮֵĺ䣬ǣеıȻ˸һ£ͷųĺ
ЩЩͬڸߺľУЩľߺо쳣ˬʡ
ЩɢĺڱߺľǣЩ֮ǱľȻ쳣ͣǽЩȪ֮ۺյ֮С
ˣЩҲתߺȫ֮ͷйȥ
Ǻеٶȼ죬ǻûеȸߺӦǵڸߺľתһ飬ͳ嵽Ļ꺣С
󣬱ɢڻ꺣еÿһ䣬ߺĻ꺣ӦеѺۣĻָ
ߺ֮öٴͷųһǵûٽ뵽ߺľԺ֮У˸ߺ֮С
ȻЩʧڸߺ֮еÿһ䣬ߺоԼʱ޵ǿ
Ǵߺʹܸ֮õļպᱻ֮š
ͺƵģڸߺ鷢Щߺڣÿһʣ֮ȫɺ
Ȫ֮ɢĺͱȽϼˣߺʵںߺǷܵˣҲںߺǷֻһߺȥ
ߺĻһлָʱ򣬸ߺʼĽͷеϢһ˼
嵽׷ʲôĻԼӦûᱻȪ֮۵ĺȫȻһ߱ں֮ڵʬ塣
ǣû뵽ԼڵǿűȻɢĺȻԸıԼЩ߶޷ĺԼ֮С
㲻ΨһȷϵǣԼ廹иܵԼھ
ǵڵǿű飬ֳľһ㣬ڻָе
Դһ˻Ȫ֮ɢĺҲûɹκε塣
ǵ֮ԼҪˣҲûԼԼոóȪۣ֮һξͱˣ
ԴǴֻ֮ԺȤˡ
Ϊһθߺŵ֮ǿűһָ
ʱ򣬸ߺľԴԴϵǵ֮뺮ߺҲħһ㣬翪ʼС
ߺöָڲ֮ϣڻȪ֮۸ӵηˡ
ÿһóȪ֮Ȼĺôÿһ֮ɢĺӵӴ
չɣôͷŵĻһߺܲǺʱ֪Լ֮еı黹᲻Լ
ǼһܸƵģ˭֪һλ᲻ԼԸߺԲڵ֮еı顣
ؿװлȪ֮۵Ľָߺ¶ģһҪ׿㣬֮ΪãȻǻȪͼ
󣬸ߺ㲻ٶ룬һרЩӴӵϢһЩѾϢװԼ
ߺţһж͸ԺУɬѶҲڻߺΪҲһ
Ǹߺ꣬ϵǿӺصĻ
ߺıˣĹʱӦþǣĹ֮вûкϢֻӴ
ټϣ֮ɭ֮ΣأգԸߺٳûʱ
⺮֮Уߺûʲôط֮ȫˣԷĵϢ
֮ǱߺȹΪʵ
֮ӵʵЧĻҲᱻ֮Ϊع屦ˡ
ûкܶ࣬磬ӴϢ̺Ȼӵģȴǲɶõġ
ܹ֮ȹΪá
ߺȻĹǿӴƵΪԸͲ̫ʵ
֮ڲϵĴЩ鸡ʹ֮øʵ
Щϵѹڸߺɫͬѩһ׵ɫ

ǰôôûеھŰپʮװ빫ֵʵ
ոŬ빫ӱҲҪ̧ŲԽԽѣǰٲʮ̧Ų
ʱǵĽºȻҵµȫˣڿлΪޡ
ǵȻ䣬ڵ̫֮ǿˣǹ߼ʱһǵʱҲһˡġ
أô棿ֽѰҵľԼĵĸߺ
ΪߺԴһٽ֮󣬾ʼûٶʮߺ˽ʲô¡
˸ˣ⼸ˣӰëˣôû磿ֽͷ
ľֹսԱ߳ЦǸԭǸӲŻ˵⣬˰ɣ
Ƕһٽǻþڻþ֮Ҳǻġ
빫üͷ̫Ÿߺڻþ֮С
̾һȻûĻᣬٹ֮λǱסˡ
ˣո˵˭ˣľֹսʲôĶֽ˵
ֽڻû˵ǹ˵ˣһɣһ빫ӣڶֽڣ裡㡭
ս߿ľֹս֣
ûľֹս˵ʲôǹ͵ش򿪣һͽ˳ȥֽĹرա
ֽЩʧ䣬ʵԼףԼҲӦó֡
빫ӵʵĿãԵĵһߺʵλӵڶûġ
ȴģΪģԽҸоʵйأʵ軹ҪϺܶࡣ
͸ߺ˵Ӧ˰ɣ


246 ʱ
ˮƷҵġߺ侲ŵĿŶ棬˵֪Ӧ˵ĻϿĻһ
ڵĸߺ˫ĿѩɫǱɫ黹ôĮƺ֮һ㣬Ц
Ķվһͷϻ״ޣֻһ
ĶͷҲûС½˹ֻв߿Գ֮ΪʹϻҲûС
Ķͷ֮ϣһ״Ķͷһ۷ޡ
ֻһĳһʵǿο֮ɭ棬޵ǿ
ʹǺǿ߶֮ӲƴǸߺȴվǰ
ΪҪ׵ޣȻöˣ⣬ΪһƬİŭˡ
ŭܵĿռ׷ѿǲû̮ǿĴϮȥǿķ罫ܵĴεضԶĵطȥ
ԴӸߺǹ֮֮ɭĿռ·ӵˡ
ռļ̿ĴֱӵĹϵǿѹȹ̿ռ䡣
ͱ˵еȴڣ֮пռĵطҲطǿȡ
ռ䱡طʮֵϡ߲̫ΪһЩʵǿ߶ѡ߳ԼĹңȥǿĵط
ֻŻи󷢻ӵĿռ䡣
ռ䱡Ŀռ䣬ֻҪǿս̾ͻữһƬ棬ʲôıѾĿռսȥ
ԣЩҲѡռ䱡شͣ
ټϿռ䱡شȽ٣һЩȽҪҲڴ͸˲ǿǰԶҲǿߡ

֮ɭ֮еı仯ߺȻô£²һʮйء
ǹ˵ʱ򣬸ߺûлԣȻпռڣȽӣǸߺʱҾ硣
֪ȶɷӣҲԼԼ˶Է˵ĵû̫棬ʮһ
ڸߺȻǹߣһбߡ
ߺµİ˾Ųʮȷʮ飬ȴߵ顣
ʮĵ飬ڸߺͷųȪ֮۵ʱǵıܿʼ˷Ӧͷųǿѹסռ䣬ʹ֮ӵ̡

ߺһ֮ǰͳˣյһ˿ʣΪ֮ϵȹѹʹȫĺߺΪҲǻ۷塣
ǣΪȴû̫Ϊ鸡ʮֵʵڵĸߺѾǰ벽ľ硣
ֻҪߺôǿĿ꣬ߺҲ˳µĳΪߡ
ԭҲǼѵ飬һѵ顣
ͱĴ˴ӣǵʵͳ˺ߣǾΪû򵽵νк飬Գٳûгɹ
ǳΪһĹ֮󣬾ʼͣڻ۷֮ϣôŬ޷ԼΪ
һԼΪһŬҶԼʵ
ͱ罣죬ǾûзؼģڵĽȴԽᣬһܺõӡ
˵ɣôȻΪߣ߻ûʲôһһɡ
ң콫Ϊ龳ʱķؼҲȫȻûãԼӿķٶȡ
ߺ֮󣬾ͽƬѾ֮صĺȫˣһҲһء
Ѱҿʵı߹
ֱգѰһֿʵǾˮƷ档
һֻһ˸ߵľ涣ĹŶʮӨ͸ˮƷ档
ˮƷȻڵĸߺû̫ãǶԺ֮µ߶ž޴á
ߺҪĲʲôʵΪǶûãͻƾĹؼʱڣҪĲ
ֻҪ򵽺Уôͻ龳硣
ˮƷڸߺ˵һöûУǶڼ壬֣ȴŲɹĺô
УҲֽ֪սΣǲܵýӦûжٺôɣ
ֻػĴڣȻˮƷûã֮Ψһһ
ԣκǰժߡ

ĳһֻŭ𣬸ߺ˶Էʲô˼ֻεЦЦ㻹ǡɣ
˵һ룬ߺ̧ŲĳȥسɴṦҲûжٶȣôƽԷȥ
ߺȻôԼֻŭˣ˫һȵıϮ
ߺֻ֣ȵĿǰͣɢڿС
ոջѬ磬Ѿߺǰˣ˳򣬳ٶȷǳĿ졣
ǰĸߺʹþȫһһĶ֣
̣
ߺе˵ȫǰȻᡱһһһ˸ߣ״ϸı̡
󣬽Ǹ̲ϵб̽ǰȥ
ֵһ̵ʱ򣬶ĳ;һˣҪȶݡ
ǣû뵽ߺǰı̾Ȼֵ֮죬˲ס
ֻ˲䱻ı̴Уʮ̽塣
ǳһ͹ڱȥѪ˳ű£İûͷųԼʵڸߺ¡
ߺ֣߬߬ţȫϽ߾뵽أ
ոոߺʹõϽؽ
֮ǰһǣθߺȫúͷŶģ򵽺֮һ֮󣬸ߺԽñǿ
Ժˮһںκζ仯ֶȴˮӵиǿĹԡ
˵ӳٶԷĶֵ֣ʵ
Ǽֱɱ˵ĽϣԸߺϵķ˽ȶ֮ȫ뵽С
ߺû滢ޱ󣬸ߺ֪Ӧкһصʵڸߺǰȫ
ߵˮƷǰһ˵ͷȻʹûǿ;Ͳ
һӨ͸Ź߽һ·Һ壬治ϵı任״
ߺһȫժ£һģͣԶŲʮֵĿ죬ӦṦߵˡ
ô£ߺüͷ֮ۿԴķ򣺡ţڣ
ɱߺΪܵʲô˵׷ɱأȥ
θߺṦһȴ߳һס
ӣߺֽڵԱߣ
ֽڻûпǰ˭ͱױסڹԣǰ˶ʮס
˽⣬ߺ֪ǵˣ֮ǰսߵ˵һǷĻ
֮عرջ죬ȥ˻Զ
ֽڷѰҸߺֽˣȻȥʮĴֻܻ֮أȻٻȥ


247 ֮
ߺ˵֮󣬽Ҿ磬ۣ֮żһ㣬Ծһߴʮɵľܿȥ
֮ɭмۼӰҲеսսʵӦò̫ǿӦûнʮˡ
ܹʮˣʵǰ벽Ӽġ
ҲǸߺĲ²ѣΪûпǵǹÿһӵйӼʵ
л빫Ӵ⬣ʵߺ֪֮ʵ
н뾰죬ʵȻض˵֪ûܹ֮һս
ʵǸĪ⣬û֪ʵΣΪûһսʱ
Щ޹ؽҪˣߺȻûȥעѰֽֽӰ
Ȼ˫һ٣ҵˣĵطľֹս
ǣߺ¿ȥʱֽڲûʲôĿɿڴĿŸߺͳһͷ
磬ڵʲôô˫۶ǰɫģҡֽͣһ£ΪʲôҸоڵôأ
ߺֽ֪˵ĲǶ䣬Ըϵ䣬ִ䣬ﶼĮġ
Ǹߺı⣬֮󣬱ѾͻƵˣԺʵˡ
ߺûֽ˵Ļ˲ֽԱߣĿֽڣѸոԼָ˵һ顣
ʲôľֹսǸ쵰ҿǲˣߣҪľֹս֪նϲʽȫߺĿһۡ
㻹ִţӰնϲʽµṦȴʼִڴˣ
ֽսȭͷ㲻֪һҪ̳кϽڵдУΪүүϴϱϵգ
ߺҡҡͷץסֽڵӣسɴ磬һ̤⣬ֽڴ󾪣ʲôṦ
֮ҲǺϽڣԶܵģߺû˵ǵĶֽ˵
ߺһ仰ֽ˳˼ߺ֪ԼĻˣ˵ĻֻǸưĺϽڣԶԼԼɣ
˵֮󣬸ߺˣٶ˵ЩʲôһЩҪԼȥ򣬱޷ġ
ߺĻֽ˳˼Ϊߺ˵ĺܶԣЩԴԼ䣬һֱԺϽΪĿꡣ
Ṧûѡ񣬶һֱڵȴնϲʽǸߺĻӰɣ˵ǻľֹսˣڵʵһ벽Ӽ˶޷ܡ
û룬ߺѾֽ˵ĸ

ľֹսڹ˵㻹ܳΪӼˣӼĶڸߺҾ磬ھʮʱ򣬾ֽŭ
ľֹսĴЦҪֽںڣɱֻ֮Ҫּӵ䵥ңһ֮أ
㣬ͲҪèˣһųȥأԱߺȻһ
ߺģոմͿӰ
ðɣˣҪųȥԣھȥɣ˵ţľֹսȻɱ¶
ˣһֽڣվڵϵȻ۾˵һɢźǸߺϽ֣
Ȼ̧ͷһһɫĹУǸҶɫģֻ
ֻڰִǶԳƵģʮ׳µûסԼ֡
ǧ˫ָңһֻɫļɢǿڹ֮ϡ
ǿռ䶼ֲϵ𶯣ɱһ֣
ʸ׼ֽֽ˵ģɶʸ˲䱻˳ȥոճֵһ룬ǼʸȻһģıˣֵǰʱ򣬾Ȼֻʸ
ÿһֻʸǳǿ󣬲ûΪֻ̫Цˡ
ҿֻɢÿһֻǻûģ
ЩʸֻֽԶˣߺǻаԶʹʩչĺϽǣϾ̫Զˡ
ֽѾӳ˼飬ͨ죬ͷ裬ҡ
Ǹߺȴͣˣȫۺڵ˫Щʸֳצǰ棬е˵ǽ
͵رȻѸֽм䡣
ľֹսЦ汿һ˶ȲˣǷ
ǣǲǣߺĺȻǰγһº׵ıǽոս˱ں档
Ƕ±ǽǷһ㣬Щʸô򣬶޷Ƕ±ǽһ˺
еļʸʧʱ򣬸ߺҲǵм䣬ߺǵķȴڿ֮еκһˣҲûжúõΣ
Ŀ˸ߺһۣľֹս߰ɣ
˵꣬Ȼ£ߺ¶һ˿΢Цڣľֹսͽˣ
ż㣬ȻԼѾһȻˡ
ԭǵѾȫסˣ˵ȫǱ
˫һ˲ÿֻеĳУ
УԲʮһ㣬һֻǹСļʸڼϣȫһɣ
빭ֱ֧֮˺ѿռ䣬ߺһӣһ±ǽͳǰǽ
ﬡ
ߺıǽȻ͸ˣ֧ɫļʸҲ̶ڱǽ֮ϣ޷ͣѡ
ţΪ˴ӣһأȻܴ͸ҵıǽߺ˵
ŭǹģǵѳһѷ죬Ϊľץסļ
ߺ͵ĵ˵ͷ治Сأû֧ôǿĹӦܶɵİɣ
֮۵ǿԶ޷֪ߺȴĿ֧͹мһȷ˿Ҫϸɫš
֤費ԼļʧߺкᣬȻһźһģһĹ
ֻֻɫȴ͸ģҶ͸ġ
ߺһӣмɫжϣԼУñ֮ʹ֮ôɢ
Լļ°ɣ
һĶһ֧ɫʸ֮ǰӼӲ˺ѵĿռ䣬еȥ
ɶܣ輱æ֧ԼҲһƣԼȫ֮
ﬡۣ
һǿĳĽѪȥ
ܽޣɢڿУĳǰ
ŵĿԼؿڣؿλԼ֧ɫʸ
ôҡǡ˴ӣôܡܸСӣ˵꣬ˡ
ԱսľֹսսˣԾնϲʽֵܵסֽڵĹȴע
ûᣡֽ˫ɱһ֣Ӱ̳棬ָϵɫ͸ֽڵ
ľֹս


248 ż
ż棬⼸λѾѾˣ֮ڣһ仰Ҳ˵Ҳ֪˵Щʲô
ΪһôԽȥ˵أ
Ƶʸ񣬵ǻɽׯƮУ˵
񶫱ڴȻǵһ֣û˸˵Ц־
һµһ죬ȴûһ˳
˾żˣҪ֪֮ڵӡ
ΪżƣƮڵĴĵӣϵһڶŸߺУ˵ƮԺĶ
ңڵʵѾԼ
ʵڿĲͷˣȻǵԵ֣뵣ģ
˵ƱضƮڵԻǷǳļꡣ
Ȼǲӵʼѷ죬һӰһ˵ǰ
ңչЦա
ңӾƵһݣӰݼ
Ƶ˵ͷػΣ
ң¶һ˿΢ЦεЩػҪȻűչأиˣ
Ƶ֮ͬңˣǵֻʣһӰ
ɱӿ֣ɶƮڣȥˣȻɽׯһλʼջᱣסģ
ִ߳һ˴Ҳİһһߡ졣
֮ûκˣ󽥽ȻĴ˫ƿնȥ
ǿѹڳܶû¿ͻᱻһ
ʱϣߺֽڻûг񶫻ǴָֻʱſԿ˲ûаĴ
ѷ콥ĿʼϣǿӵʼŨһ̣ѷڽرˡ
ʲô˫ĵأ˲ѣؿʼҡβѣϵѷ֡
ŭˣе˶ˣʧҲ̫ˣȥʮˣĲˡ
ֲ޷ܣֱһҡβֲֹұǸѻ
ұˣڳûһԻ߳ģ˫Ŀ죬ܣӴɱǵأȻڿ۳һɫëƮ
һĩյĳ˵仰Щ߾쳣֧һǾ͡ܡ
ܵĳɵӣĴڣأȫ˼˼һ̲˵أ
սһ֮ʱǱϵѷȻֿˣӰ˳
˶ˣֻ֮£֮Բٳʲôѷ졣
ǣһξȻˣҴѷлˡ
ѲͻƵ̶ֳ𣿾Ȼܹǿдǻӵǣ߶ûа취ǿд򿪡
ǼӰʲôķʽģ׷ײϣȻſ˵ϡ
ѲѾˣͷôһͷ
ҲҪ˭ǲԼĵӡ
Ӱ֮˶סˣǸߺˣлֽֽ
ߺֽڵûʲô飬ֻʱ˹ȥôһײȻ˹
ɶ񣬻ûϡףѾˡֽڷĴӵߺʲôû˵ֻǵĵ˵ϵ
ֽ˾ûôˣ׵ģвϵѪӿ
ߺոգûиϳȥĻᣬһΪɱľֹսѰ֣ʱ䣬϶ܹϣ˵ڽ֮ǰ
ǲ룬ǹߺȻڼǰɫǹһǻҵ˲һѷ졣
ǹһţڸߺβߺץֽڼأԼ˾Ȼһ˳ȥ
ô㣬ѲЩȫ𣿡ʵ̲סˣǰԸߺ˵
ڵĸߺôẦֻǵĿ˻һۣû˵ֻŵϵˡ
С㻰أȻңɣָûԤףһһڿУצߺϮȥ
ˮͰϸϵƬɻɵģͷϵֻðǿĻ棬ֻצҲץŻ档
ܵĿռ䶼ȵϢˣƬƬĿռ·ռ䶼ȼˡ
ٶȼ죬ϻ쵱ʱߺգۼߺǰˣҪԮ
ôܿŸߺԼǰ£ո붯֣ȴû뵽ߺȴѾˡ
ǽ
ߺ˫һǰ̳һ±ǽ棬ǱĺܵĿռ伫С˿ռѷ졣
䡭
ҵײ棬ɽƬĻУԱߵľϣǱ˲仯ɻңǱд̴Ȼǿٱɱ
ȶֱϢɢȥƬƬĴεض
սĸоսĸоǲһߺ˿⸱ҵģ̾Ϣ
һ־ɱУ󲿷˶ԾǶȵĻ棬ڸߺǱеǲôں
ǿߺʹǿӦҲûǿǿֲĵز
ǣԴһߺı֮ͲôˣǿǴΣ
ߺıһ¾ͷ˵ĻֻǵĿһۣûʲôԹԵעųеսһעĽĻ棬±ϡ
ˡ
Ǳ붹һ㣬˲ƿ˵ĻţǱкľʹ̽˵Ȳ
˿ʼֻǲһ£֮ɫ˲þҲףԭأȲѾʼˡ
Ǿľڵĺˡ
ǽȻһɢˣߺĵϵɽׯؼȻ鴫Ȼܹͻҵıǽ
仰ڻʮֵĴ̶ԼȻûȫһɱߺ
ǣߺʹȫˣûʩչң±ǽҲûþȫʩչ
죬಻һߣߺڵʵǲеġ
û̹ߺʵԶ֪жǿ󣬾ڵĸߺ֪Լ״ʲô׶Ρ
㻹治ҷУҵ棬ҶӵĴ磬ȻˣǾֵܣʲôֵܣ
ԱԹԵ˵Ȼȴ˵ע
һǱ޴С
һֽڻӶռͿʼϵĳϸ΢ѷ죬Ǳķǿնġ
ȴߺֽڵǳ⣬Ϳҿ¶Ŀ
񶫵һ仰ȴøߺĸе𾪣ĵ𶯡
һֵܣһֵܣֵܾͬ㣬ߺӣ
ߺȻǸжȻΪҺãôЩŤأƵġ
ǿʵ£ֻô֮߷߲ƽնȥ
֣ҵأߺһʵڽż֮ʼûп֣յˣҲʱѰҡ
ǣֵǣǺһ㣬ŪĸߺΪǱʲôˣɱء
ûнȥΣһԵƺȻ
ʲô¸ߺˣ֣һͬǽģȻһЩ
΢ЦҲ̫Ǹո̤ӣ֣ҵ֣ˣ˵е飬ǸϿȥĺã
ԣ֣ʹ֣Сһȥˡ
֣±䣬׳ʲôˣߺ˼


249 ӭ
ߺȻʵǬڣڻ½ҵ˷׷еŭ뱯ǰףء
һöð˵жðôһ뷨
ǸߺԸȴǸоңӻദأΣ˻Ķŵġ
ߺȴһǶԴԼҲһ
ʹߺ̬ôɣȻĵӣȴ˸ߺôһţڱס
˶ߺֽߺǰ磬ҪҪһߣүү˵Ҫȥĵطˡ
ΪʲôߺȻʵˣһ˷ͻʲôģضԵĴҲˡ
ţ˵Ҳڰ۲ԼأȻԼڱԼһ
ԣ񶫾뿪ҴֽԼȥԼ֮£Զ᳤
ͱ磬͸ߺȥ֮ԵĿֽڵı仯ҵԼĻԵ
⣬ֽֽҲˣʮָ̾Ѿܾûлȥˣ̫ˣ̫ˡ
ֱ֮ʱߺֽöˮƷ棬ڵֽΪȻЩǻ۷壬ûдﵽء
ˮƷõģҲһΣȻãǳԶԡ
ͱ˵ĹߺڳһöĻһʵֻȽٶѡ
Ȼ˵ֽֽԼϵ󣬵ǸߺԲ˱˵ģҲһһö
ߺֽԼ֮ƹʶվ档
ãҲҪȥ뵽ûлص
Ȼ󣬸ߺƵ˻ȥţ;Ѿѿľߺ̾ǧ
ϰ£ֻù˲¶ѣʵоѾˣȥ˰
գߺ˾ͻصţ֮󣬸ߺߣȴ΢һ졣
صɽţߺŵ֪ԭѾȥˣҲǸߺ֮ǰԸģﱣ죬ͿԻȥˣϾ׳ҲҪֵʱ
󣬸ߺμŴȣϣߺССŵӣһԾΪĵӡ
ңʼնûг֣翷֮СɽϣƬƲңӾͻء
ȻȰߺҪȥϾߺѾΪĵӣǾȴ˽硣
ңһŭǸߺǡ
Ǹߺȴ⣬ȥʱȷЩƵڸߺǰγһϣдɢ
ߺֻһ㣬Ʊ˱ߺô˽ȥ
ߺɽʱһƬѩһɽ壬Ǹߺ滮Լ
ƬһжǱ񣬱Ļʯ
ڸߺĵ󺮷磬ֻͨҪͻһ
ңǱߣֻҪУʱǱ׵ʧ棬СɽҲƮڳΪһء
ôǰ¸ߺңӻһŭ֮ɱǡ

˵ڸߺʦң˭ǿһЩ
֪Ψһܹ֪ǣڵĸߺʦҲӵʶ˴ӵʵ⿴ڵңʦַ֪ͥˣ
Ǵ֮УߺñѩĹ뷶Сţ¶ڶţڸߺԱ߻һˡ
Ʈĵӣ־
ԴǴߺ֮һֱ͸һˣ
θߺȥҸʱ
󣬸ߺùӾˣʲôʱ򣬸ŸߺҪ־ɣ˳ɳĸڸߺߡ
ʲô£ֺСӾǱȽġ
öˮƷ棬ǿԼʵߺһöС
󣬸ߺһöƮ˵С
ߺˮƷЧ˵һ£ִӴָó߾ݸˡ
߾ҴӦ˲⴫ģиջǣǲܾСµģ
żϲı飬ߺʮֵοȻоһɲڵĸо
ͷȥ־ԹԼߺεЦЦǷݣȻС
ߺһöˮƷݸóһ߾ĸ־
û׼־ţոոǱԼǱ
ߺѾⱾ߾ȫ޳ˣһ޽
޽н
ֻûʩչϽҲѾĺϽڡ
ڱԵʱȫõںûá
˶ΪߺѾ޽ء
ֻ֪ߺǲмãһ˭档
󣬸ߺ̸ɽɽΨһ·ߣ˽ǡ
ñʱ򣬸ߺһطһ·ɹɽɽֻ·ֻиߺ֪
ڸߺֽ·⼸ˣü̫ƣ߶
һУߺţ׳Ǹ߼ȥ
ߺûʲôڵ˵·̺ܼ򵥣ֻ͵˰׳ǡ

׳ǵǰߺ̧ȥ׳Ѿ߹ģߴ̵ĳǽڳǽ֮ŴŰɫ׵ıӡһ֣ߣ
ߺףǸ߼ҵɵı
׳֮ڣѾû͢ˣԴǴθߺɱ˳һң͢Ҳûǲʲôˡ
ߺڳţϢѾǷˡ
Ȼߺʵˣģûб仯Ҳ΢ĮһЩ
ڳиߺĵܣʹúʯ̶ɵģߺӼΪơ
ÿ춼ܿߺвʶߺ֮
ߺһ¾ͱΧȻ˲Ⱥ˻ȥԶԶĹߺ
Щƽʵû۷壬ܵ˸ߺɢĺֻԶԶĹߺ
ԶȻһ˺߼ˣ
˳򶼸óһ·͸˼ѵƵġ
ԶӴŰɫ׵ʿԶԶͷˣŸͷڶм䡣
ǰɫʿߺǰ϶ӷУһ׼ͣʱҲߺǰ
ߺϸһƣʶͷҸŸǸֵܶˡ
ߺߺǰϥ¹򣺡μү
ʹߺôĮҲһ£ûܹĴ
ߺż˻ظߺʿʼնӡ
·ϣߺȻӸǸϸܵĲĿˣ壿
ʱںҿҲڿ֮ģԱΪͽү벻Ҫ֣
ﻰǶΪͽ컯ߺ΢΢Ц
ߺ֪ʵڻ۷ʱսһɶõš
ʹǹӼģҲǰ벽Ӽġ
һ·ٳǻĶˣվڵϣֻΪһøߺա
ߺߵģʻ̵ˮýֱ֣ǻʵһĴ


250 ı
ص߼֮󣬸ߺֻǺԼĸĸһͣ㽫߽˻Լĸ׸߽ɽ뵽֮У̸һҹ
ֻи߽߽˳ߺʼûг
Ū֥춼ͷʳǸߺǲ֥Ϊˡ
󣬸߽ɲòƸߺͳˡ
ԭߺԴ̸֮󣬱ܳȥˣǳҹߣȥʶ
ڸߺ̫ۣһңźɫɴڵסԼò
ΣŸߺɣȻٶûиߺô죬ǲԶ·ٶҲ̫
ߺ˲ʶʶûڰ׳Ĵˡ
ߺֲ̫ҡڳسʿӣ뵽ʳ֮ڡ
ʳǴϣߺЩ̾ôĳУºܿҪˡ
һ·ߣ֣ǰ
վסԪ˧֮լȥߺס
ֻΪߺȻǷУֲµģҲû̫ҡ
ߺȥͷһ˿˿ϢϢ˲۳һű顣
ǽǵĶү֣գʱ֪һУߺȥݹȥ
ߺ벻ǣʿȻû˵ݣȻҺͨ棡һǴˣɱҼô죡
ߺһ㶣ǰ֣ȻзǾûϵ̶ֳȣѲڼ䷢ʲô飿
ڸߺ׼ӲʱԶȻһ
һɫʻϳһٵţΪȻлصľ硣
˾ͽСĳ̽λˣҾ㣬ϿҹĶŸߺȵ
ߺûע˵Ļո˵̽ǿ
֣֣ĳˣߺһЩǡ
ǰϥ򵹣ҵȲμ˾ͽС㣡
ֻǵһ磬֮·𴵾еƣֻ˵˸ƣ
ߺϤδ˾ͽ̡
ߺһǰٵԲǵ˫ۣߺĹâ֡
ºṦ˾ͽҵȰ㻹ǿȥΪãȻĻɾͲҪҲˣ
Ҳɫ󣬸ոոߺһˣͺƾճֵһ㣬ṦֻӺߵϿһʼ㱨˾ͽҵţϣԴסߺ
ߺ˰֣뾪ţѷǵУֻǼСһ档
ɵĮһ㡣
ǲײĲˣǼСҲҪܼģҪ֪֣ǰ֣ܸɣ
˵ţеͷڵϣǵ˲ͱˡ
鲻ãͺһϿˣɱ
ߺͷߣ˵˾ͽôͳ˰ɱˣԶﴫıܲٸߵ㣬ûкˡ
һ仰ȴ˾ˣǾ仰ô˵ţСǶˡ
Ҳĸоһ㣡˾ͽ̵ԴǻȻһӰֱ˵ߺϣӵסߺ
ߺʼ޴룬ˣҲһıסϵĴĺ󱳡
ҵС鶼ˣˣˣֱֳУ
˵˰ɱǴ˵еĴ̿أ
ⲻֵģֵ˾ͽС㱧ŵ˭һӰѲˣҲˡ
֧㣬ͬ㣬Ҫŵڲȥģ
ң
⵶úõһѵ㲱ϵȫ䵽ˣ˾Ż

۷׷ףʱԺﴫһŭ𣬴ǵۡ
·СëȻɱǲϷˣҲɱ㣡һӰ֣񷡣
漴˸ߺٳ֡˾ͽ̣˲ͳҪɱ㣬ȻҽٳҼ̶
ʼվǣϮߺһѪɫꪳС
͵Ǵռ˲飬ҲߺıѪɫꪸ߾٣ȥ
ʲôѪɫꪣ񣡡˺Ȼȵ˼֡
ɲ˭ߣɱ⣡ѪɫȥƲǿ˼֣ռ䶼ˡ
ЩϤˣ
ߺͷ亹⸱ôûģƷˣѵͲ֪ĸ𣿰ûĻ¡
ո˸ߺҲʶ֣յүү֣磬ȥ׳ǣҲдһΣȻӵд裬Ǻġ
Ѫɫ֮£ҿߺʹסȻĻ֣Ҳٰ
οǸߺԳ֣Ȼ˭Կˡ
ϣסְɣߺ˵
ߺ˵ʱѪɫꪾͿҪ֣ͷˣߺĻѪɫѸͣڰգһһܡ
ܹ֣ͣһǸߺˣ֣ȻǿǱϾҲֻͨĺһأĶ֡
ԣ²˲亹СĵŲ˳ؿڣһµӡ
֣ЩӹĲ̫ƽȻŪĲľԱˣߺڿס˾ͽ̵ĿˣĶ֣˵
֣ЦһȻעߺΪźӵһק¼
㡭СҲ̫˰ɣŶ೤ʱ䰡ȻѾǻ۷ˣ֣ɴ۾һŵӡ
ߺ˵ͷ֣ԡ
֣·־֢ǰʶĺ
ͣ˵һİȫ룬㲻֪𣿡
ߺֻ˵Լ֮֮˵û˵֣׵ĵ˵ͷ֣Ȼûнȥô֪ġ
ĵõٵĺô˵֣·˼꣬̾һ
ߺ˵֣±䣬ô£׳ʲôˣ
̧֣ͷҡҡͷ߰ɣȥ˵ɣ
ȥ֮󣬸ߺ˽
ԭڴ֮ǰ֣˸Ҫ̤ż֣͸ˣ߼ϻȥҪ顣
ƹϻع׼̫ӵĻ
һųҪ˫ӥ֣ţʱ˫ӥѾ·ˡ
˲ҳɣȥ
ոջص֣ƹ˫ӥ͵ˣƾ߳Ṧߣ֣֣衣
½ҸǲϵıƽȻҪ֣ҽȨһʮߣлλǺǿߡ
֣˵񶫵ʱ˫ӥֻЦЦƹѾţǵظǰ׷һ֮أ
ֱڣ֣֣նڻԲʮˣÿֻǿһЩˮš
ߺ˼ʮߣ½˼һʮϡ棬ǣ˴ȥ֮أһλǿô˵б룡
ߺóһ˵Ľۡ


251 ˾ͽҲұ
Щأƾһ˿ºѣϣһƿﻹֻǧ¹ףߺ˼
Ǵ˻һĴԾ׸ߺΪʲôôö뵽ߺ֮أȻˡ
𾪵Ǹߺе֧ǧ¹ף¹׾ѾܹѪǧ¹׾͸˵ˡ
Ǻǿ߶䱦ıֶڸߺöƷָͼģСɽһ㣬ǼһﵱʳԵġ
Ʈڣ죬Ƶǰڣ΢Щʤ㣡ߺ˵
ӹ֮ɫģƿأ
Եģһ·ϱȥأʹں߶ã˵ˣȥɣߺ˿Լ˾ͽ˵
Դӽ֮˾ͽ̾һֱĺ󱳣ϳߺҲû취
֣Щɻ󣺡Ƶ˭նǸ˵ˣָĿϹ𣿡
Ȼᣬ˵ǿǿ϶ģοбǧ¹׶Ϊкܴã
ߺ΢ЦĿ֣磬öˣߺķԸתˡ
ǽôأ֮кܶߣǽյⰵɱˣô죬ֻܶԸһǡ
֣绹ЩǣߺȴĴ¡
½ٺͿҲûôɵȻƹƷǣʲôʳ׼ŭˣߺ°ͣ˼
ʱ֣εĵʵĸ֮ǰѾˣ
ţѹˣߺ˵ͷ½ǹǽˡ
ߺ˼һ˾ͽɣһˣһ
ǣ˻ճȫȻڸߺ˾ͽڸߺĺӿ
ôˣߺЩԣæʵ
̧֣ͷۣݺᣬȻʧʹޣϷĴϷĴҽҵŮġ
ߺȥԭԴ½ǣȻлȥ˾ͽ£һҪȢ˾ͽҡ
˾ͽȻӦˣ˾ͽȻȥ
ǣڶ죬к߽͵͵Ӷ˾ͽ̣˾ͽ򸾿ΧǼһ
룬ǼһȻɥĲɱ˾ͽ򸾣Ҫ˾ͽ˾ͽ类°ȥˡ
ߺĬˣֲøոտ˾ͽͷ׻
˾ͽǰʵеģȥ׳Ҹߺȥһ㣬Ϊʱ˾ͽ˵׳Ǹ߼ҵĸߺԼδ
û뵽Ǹӷ˵Ǹֻһʱν֣˾ͽңͻҸ߼ң֮
ߺŭգȭͷյÿֱ죬ת֣˵֣ǰһҲһЩȥ˾ͽҰɣ
֣˼һ£˵ͷãͰţ
ߺһ֣֣ĵطȥҪΪˣϾѾܾûгԶˣȥҲˡ
֣յķ䣬֣Ҳ⣬˵Ϊ˷չˣҲ㱣
˵֣֣죬ⱣǶ˵ġ
ߺ֣ǰִ󣬺ϸ˿֣յڣľϵ޸
ߺֵǣÿθߺոս֮޸һͻٴѿܶʼ֣յƷˡ
ǶЩ֮оȻߺЩȣֶɫζǸߺ֮ɵıߺܸоԾ޷ѯ
ĻǾͼ򵥶ˣߺһöҩС
Ըùˮ֣֣£ʵˮࡣ
ߺִֽǶ˵ľ֮ϣ˵ơ
Ȼ˵ϱʺɫѪҺɫģһŻָ
ԭߺöҩǽⶾר֮õĹ̶
Щϸ΢Ķ̶֮󣬾ͻῪʼۣߺú֮ǣŪġ
Ѫ֮˵ɫʼת֮ǰѪɫ
Ըˣ̧˾ͽңߺʹ˾ͽһȥ˾ͽҡ
˾ͽ̴ŸߺΪߺ˾ͽ˴ʳǣȻԼʶ˾ͽҡ
˾ͽҵĴߺͷǰڵ߹ײģ˾ͽڵϣ˫ۺд졣
ǺȦ˫Ҫɱ˫ŽָĿ۽˽֮Уֱð
˾ͽԱվ˫۴͵ĿǰЩ˾ͽһֱһҲ˰׷ͺڷˡ
˽˾ͽٶ۵תӣߺˣ
˵˻ޱȣǸ緢ϵ׳ĺ֣һĺˡ
ߺ΢΢˹֣ڰ
ţ˾ͽֻǵĵ˵ͷ˾ͽߺˣ㲻
ǣ˾ͽȻ޶ԣ˾ͽҡҡͷԴĸһֱ޲ԲҲ˯ϷҲû취
ð죡ߺһ˲˾ͽָ֮Ĳ֮ϣ˾ͽ̻˯ȥ
ЩүϣߺԱߵļҶ
ǼҶ˿˾ͽ˾ͽ˵ͷһоӸİɣ
󣬸ߺĿĸ˾ͽ˵˵˾ͽ˿˯˾ͽֿ˿˾ͽ̡
һٵͷˣνŮӻᣬֻҪܱסǵͺã
ߺҡҡͷҪ½ҸԼ붼벻Ĵۣĸøĳˣ
һ仰ڳסˣ˾ͽҲ˵ʲô˼ǡ
½ҵĸ쿪ʼߺ˵
˾ͽ߬ȭͷֻҪΪҶ𣬼ʹֵΣ
ʱ֣Ҳˣߺ˵Ļ⹷ʵ۴սһ
ߺҡҡͷٶҲãκս¶Ҫ棬ֻҪʤˣ½ЩҲͲˣ
ǣǵĺ̫ˣ⻹ǻûȫԵʣ֣Դᡣ
ߺ̵һЦΪһǻô
Ȼߺûг϶˾ͽ̵ĸ飬ǣȴɷϡȻҶߺˣǲˣ

ߺʱ֣պȻֵԱͷ󺹣ǰ
ߺߣôجˣ
磬磬ץˣһҪȾһҪȻߺ֣շ·𿴵˾ݣץסߺš
ߺ˵ͷȻ˫ӥǰӦȲὫ½ңĿǰǰȫģ
ʱ֣Ա߲廰˵֮˫ӥ̫ӵĻ񣡡
ߺû棺⻹оȣֻҪ֮ƵظϵǿߵٶȣӦû⡣
ҲҪ룬һҪɱǰﹷ飬ΪҸĸѩޣʱոձߺε˾ͽȻ˹˫ۿǰֱ¡
ߺεҡҡͷԹ̫ǿˣԼһָ㹻һ죬ټܾδ˯û뵽
ʱߺȻˣû뵽ҲȥǣǷҹˣҲãһǵ


252 Ѫȱ
ߺ˵ĺܴո˵꣬ڷȻһߺһȥڷ棬Ưһˡ
ΪһߣȻô¼ˣټߺ˵
룬Ǹ˷һЦΪһߣȻңҲǲأ֪ǻĲͷˣǵȲҪˣ
ʱ֣ҲҧгݵĶǸˣ˫ֱ
˾ͽֱӣ۸첲ӾȥԱߵ˾ͽҲһ޵ĶǸ˿
ߺ˲ˣ˾ɱ˾ͽ򸾵˰
ң֣ʶ壺֣գɱ˾ͽ׵ǸСɣ
һ˵СȻܲˣҪǿôߣСԴͲĲˣ
ߺ˵ô˭Ҳ֣
һ仰½ԾȻ֪ߺʵǱѰǻǲ̫ţߺܺͺ
Ƕ˵ԶԶģز֣ߺ֣˵˾ͽӦҪȥƴ۾Ҫɳˡ
ҿ˾ͽһֱ
ߺǼһһܸ㶨αصأ֣֣첻ͬߺ
ߺŵı飬ֻȥ˾ͽߵʱĶԸߺ˵СһЩоүүϣ
ߺĿ˿С󣬻ҵС˵ģİɣ
˶˵ȫ򣬼ʹԼߣ֣Ҳ׷ϲϣ˷ˡ
ż㣬ɵߺǰСӣ治С
ߺЦЦûл߳أ㻹лȥģ־͹ԼȻԼˣ
ʲôȻ׸ߺ˵ʲôûҲ治׸ߺ˵ʲô
ߺ±⣬ԸߺΪģ˲쵽ǼһĽ¡
ԸСɫҸ̣֡ߺ˵
ڸߺǰȻһһ׵ı̣Ƿıƺռ䶼һǸֲϽĳ̡
һֱߣֱֱ졣
˾ɵһ㣬վһȴž֣ƺʲôֵ顣
Ϸ·ĺΧţϵĽԼ嶳ҶԼʹٶȶ˺ܶࡣ
οǣ󣬻֧ˣǣǱҲ˲͸˻
Ǳ̴˫Ŵ̽ȥ߳
һߣڸߺУ涼סˣĿŸߺĲš
⵽ô£Сӱ񻹺ݰ֣ȹ䣬֪
ǣԼҪԲܱôо
ǸߣЩ֣˾ͽң֣һ֣֣޷֮£һ˿˿Ĵˡ
ǣߺһ˾ͿɱҸû֣ôվǡ
δԵ̫˰ɣСӣڵʲôȽף֣쾲˾ģߵߺʵ
ߺһ֣صĺһ̶˺뵽֮С
ʲôԼҲ֪ӦǹӼİɣߺ룬ȷ˵
е˶һڿˮɤӸɬޱȣ˵ʲôǹӼ𣿡
ߺ蹫֮ȷĵ˵ͷ
֣綼ˣ̫ˣһǰСֻһСߣ뻯սһȥȻǹӼˣǳԻҩô𼱻ǵĸʲô
Ӽжи߶޷Ըġ
˵ǰĹܹɵĻúء
ǸߺĹӼȴͬĶλڽ֮ɭĹӼ
ֽ˵ν֮ɭĹӼһλ
Ҳ˵ȴ빫ӣңӺѾ˵йӣ׽֮⣬ӡ
νȺˣ˴ӾȻˣ˵ʣļ˶˵ء
õ˲̶ͬȵĺôһĵá
ɾ˵ǰĹӼֻʹظӣ˵ºǿҲҪضԴˡ
ȻߺԼʲô׶ΣͨͻһжԾԿ϶ʹǺǿԼҲ֮һս
ǣζǿߣߺȷȫƵض롣
ߺûдݣǶ֣˵ҳȥһ£Ҫעľǰȫ
˵ţһʣˮƷֱ𽻸֣˾ͽ̻˾ͽǶһ˳һöʣµҪˣ
˵ţߺһʧڿУٶڰ֮⡪سɴ硣
ʱ˾ͽ֣ߣ֪ĲԽԽˣһʱ治֪ǵ˻ǵı
ߺôһ֣˾ͽҲڻָˣߺʵ׵סˡ
֣ˮƷ棬ᶨǵˣһҪ׷Ϻ磡׷п׷ϣ׷ĻԶûлᡣ
˵꣬תȥˮƷãӴ
֣յһ仰˾ͽȫһöӨ͸ˮƷ棬תҲȥˡ
ֻ˾ͽ̳ճյĿŸߺԶȥķ򣬾þòϻȥ

ȥɱ˭أţ˼ҵͷҿ˳ˣȥݷһǰɣеĸߺ¶ġ
һ˼ҵķȥ

ڵĹ˼νһƬƽ֮ڣ˰ϣžƣǰŮ衣
󿴵𣬾Ȼߵм䣬ץǸĨǺòڡ
Щ˼ҿ缫ˣǵѹһͷĴԪ˧֣Ȼнֳ̬оò
ʱȻһ磬һ
ˣӹţǴ죬ôô䰡˰¡
ǣûмӦոλϴһ
Ǻÿ磬
˭˰תͷȥԼλȥ
ֻһ°ۣɫߵĿء
߿״ȴЦһ㣬ɢ˿˿
˭Ϊʲôҽѵ֪˽𣿡˰Ѿȶˣҡҡλεָǰӵ
һ棬δ̫û˼ˣھȥɣǰ˵˵ָһɫĽ
ǽ˲˰ǰǷϢѾ㵽ϣεѪ
СңʱһӰڹ˰ߵİУȺݺݵߺǵɫ
ǵضֻ˶ʮ֮һ˵һ֮£ƬʧڿС
ϣ˿ȥ
һˣȹǻҪϡ
ǹ˼ҾֻЩϼһģΪ˱㲻ٹעˣϼһﻹڻػʳǵ·ϣǿЦ
ʲôЦģʱ򣬹˰ҲǵŵѾˣ˵ŭĿŻŵİ˵
ЦǡȻ·ɽеĺ˷


253 һУ
֮Ҳ˼ˣǰӣĬĬӴ߳ĺ󱳣ʬֱֱĵȥ
Ǹһصϼһؿڴһ˰ȴ˱裬һ˿˺۶ûС
֮˾ǸߺǺһصϼһøߺĺϽɱģûӦѾڸߺĽ֮¡
˰ͲˣǱĶˣߺ֮ʱֻĴһ£ⱬ
ʧں֮ڣϢ
ô̫ˣߺһߣһһ̫˰
˵ţϵıȴûջأߵ㱻ᣬɱ磬Ĵ˱
Щ˾͸˵ˣǿģûģȫ񣬸ƵĶС
ŵڣǾһıչݰҾԵ
˼ˣûڼңȻȥأһһҵҲ̫鷳ˣߺ̧ͣͷ졣
ˣ˵ʼԼѧԺ˵һѧԺĸŲȥǲιһ£
˵꣬ߺЦЦϱЦݣ˸оɭֲڵ֮гһ㡣

һѧԺĳһ䣬䶯
Ǹ˺ʮֲԸһ㣬ֽţȴڷײ
֮Ǹ˺Ȼһ̹
վһָһϵڶϿˡ
Ȼ˱סȫڽ
˵ˣ㷳Ҫ˳ҵĻҲˣ洫浽ȻĻǼʧ
һӣȴһŮӡ
ɢ·ٿŮ¶壬Ȼٴβ
һѽǸŮӳ£·˶һʹˡ
һѧԺǴ÷Ⱑ
ӷӦҲˣѸٴŮһԾԾʮףȻ̧ͷϿȥ
ߺŰɫߣϣվĵط۳ɱˣʮּӲߺûʹκṦ
ǺˣоߺʵѰƾܹ֪֮У棬ûбͿԿ˵ʵԼ֮¡
ߺͷ˭ţ˭أ
ڶң˫һУĿŸߺϵɱŨ
ߺһ£㣬㿪Цˣ㱾Ƕȣ֮˵
ɣߺи˴ӽָ˦һöɫȭͷСĵ顣
ǳ౬ߺһ£漴ö౬ڸߺǰըˣǾ춯صУ԰
ǳɫĹû˸ߺǿĳɢȥһĿռըˣ˿˿ѷ졣
һжʧʱ򣬸ߺҲʧˣҪ˵ǿˣ϶ըӡ
ĿǸŮһۣɶôõζȴֻܳһˣ
һָһָָⷢ͸ŮӵüģܵŮӦ
ȴߣǵѰҸߺʬ塣
ôĶȻе˶ˣϵӰԶٶȣ̫
ֻգۼ䣬Щ˱㵽ʮˣÿһ˶ǻ۷Ϊ
ʱ򣬰ҲȻһӰаʮӣͷףһӡ
﷢ʲôˣϼһﻺڵϣѯʵ
е˶ոǸӣӿ߹˵үүӵģոһӴɱУŮͬѧҺ·ó౬
ӾȻ컨˵һȫǵߵڰף˵˵ָŸոǸŮӣϧûܼʱҵĴҵĴ
үҲûа취顭
԰үһܹ㣬Ůаˣүй

Ǵϼһ˵ͷãĺãڽͲˣҿǾ罫λŮͬѧ˰ɣ
žžžžһһı󣬸ߺ˳һŮӡ
ŮϴŸߺİɫۡ
ⳡϷ̫ˣһѧԺسϰİɣӦϷģһǣ
ߺһ˵һĴָ޶Է
㡭һö౬ѾˣΪʲôᡭǸӾˣɵɵĿŸߺ
˫һУĵǸ֡
ֱ沢ǺһԼûֶԷ͸еȣ֪ڸߺоΣյϢ
ɱͬѧеӳλ쵰ɱҵѧһʹҧгݵĵ񿴵ɱһ㡣
ߺЦ˵ʲôɱѧ𣿡
ȻѪˣλʦϣһΪǵѧ𣡡
Щ˸ոǰ壬ߺȴ˰֣Ҳ͵ģʵڿȥˣСϷݵ̫ˣ
һָϵʬ˵ʬ˭
˶һǵϵߺԱߵ˳һģһ
亹ˣѲɿˣ
ٶʱԭȥġŮġ˲һѰѩ
ԩͷծ˭ɱˣȥˣҸܡߺ˵
ŮǸӣ˫ۺȻһȥ
ߺһʦסŮӣһ¡ǻûе㡭
û˵꣬ĸߺһָüģɫǼһ˲䵹ȥԴһ͸Ѫ
ʲôȻôǿ󣿡˶ˣû뵽ողɽ¶ˮˣȻǿ̶ֳȣֻһָһ۷ߡ
һϣסǣӾˣһ˾ǸŮȥ
ߺɲǲǱǿȵģ߲壬Ǽһո֧ͱߺɫƣúؿڣһ
ֻһߺɱʮˣЩ˶ȥһЩûߣȥŮӡ
ûûã±ˣۿţߺҪ׷ǸˣԱߵ߶ˡ
ֻһͬһһ㣬˲ӵߣһ̧б
Щ˲ʹʣЩʦڲŵ۹УѪ֮С
ߺһ¾קסǻǰŮӣǿߣҵĸоûû뵽һѧԺУǺǿߣ
µʵҲǿҪʤңҪڼոɱЩʦɱеŮӣǵһʹΣ
УĿڣֻҪԸ⣬ԺѧԺĸУϷƽƽ
үү̫СӣԱߵ˵ԼүүɱǰӣҪУʱˡ
죬ˣˣ˵С죡ߺһͬ
ջǲԸɱأߺ˵仰ʱŮһ¡


254 졪Ѫ
ŮӻعͷĿ˸ߺһۣҪߺģӡĵסȻֹͣɸߺס
ɱҲԣٽҾͿˣǸӺٺЦǸŮӣͲûˮˡ
ֻ΢Цûʲôɴ顣ڸߺУִħҪ¡
͹ʺ˲һţùһһ㡣
ߺһˣǵҶͬ룬ˣҵǿԿǿһѧԺԺ
ƲԳԷƣ㿴֮Ĳ࣡ߵЦɣֻڿȴһɱ
˵꣬һתܾȻֽӭߺ
ǽߺһ壬ǰ˲һ׺ıǽ
Щڱǽ棬һ˿м
ӣ߸ո˵꣬ߺıǽͱп
ֻһѩɫߺıǽϺ۴ȻӲ磬ߺ˲ˡ
ϼһﲢһıǽͬĵط˱ǽĶѡ
ٿոǸطСһĿռϣߺ͸ӿ϶ԼĲ롣
ǿǿ鴫ҪúõֽһˣߺȥĿߡ
ߺ˵²ɱ֮ϵɣ
һЦܹĶҲϷвǱҵ磡
ȿȿȣߺǺֱԣʲô磬һԺҩİߺֱԡ
㡭ʿ֮˵ʲôҽ಻ɱ֮һ£ĿŸߺ˵
ߺֻЦЦ˵ҪҿɲΪһ
ͨ죺㡭ѾҵˣС治ã
ߺЦ͸Ұȡûˣ治ᣬҩͣ
ɶɫǵͨ죬巢󲨶ķĿռ
ߺҲˣʵһ治
Ϊɱ˶ѣ뵽һѧԺ϶ԺһǺߡ
ǣһ֣ߺ֪ˣ˾ȻǺǿߡ
ȻߺºǿߣԴ֮ԼɱļƻˣοԼлһ׸أ
˿еŮģߺ̾һǶôԼȻܻ棬ȷֲʺԼ
ץѵ𣿻׼ŮȥҰ㾡ȥʵǸɣ
˵ţһնߺǽٷǳĿ죬һܾãǿռŷӦѿ
ǿռʮ˳ֱ
ռȻܹƻṹʮȶҪѺۺѵġ
ֻԼѿԼѿȻûйɣƲʮġ
һȴȫ˺ѿռ䣬ýǿǿ˺ѵġ
ߺӦǵµӱѰѩߺȴʮ֮⿴
Լˣû˼Ҫһˣ󣬸ߺǰƱ̵˲ͬǣЩ̴Сһձʮֶ̡
СһһԾԾϰգЩ̣ߺһȥ
ߺһ˲䣬Ȼһ𣺡ãϵ
ȻǵµĸߺѰѩߺȴ֪ȥ
Сıǰһֱ죬ȻˣǸȥٶȼ졣
ֵʱǱѾ粻ף֪ԼٶȾ޷ˡ
һһУ֮°ɣ
һӣǱһС͵ı̶ȥǱĿռȻʼɢָϡ
Ǳ֣Ǻܲ˵ɢһ㡣
ãߺӵ洫һڵϣż㣬ȥ
ߺͣ£С͵ı̿ûͣ£紦졣
ﬡ
Ǳ˱֮ǰǿʹõû룬ֻµѡ
ŵĲռҲʼֹǱǱ֮Ȼûлɢ
ֲ£ܴƬƬĿռ俪ʼݣᵶ˽ȥ
Щ̱Ͼû˸ߺ֧ţұεģ̫ǿ󣬹¾ֱ룬ذࡣ
ЩڲУ׷顣
û뵽ÿһжйЧζеĳѸ㣡
ߺĿһۣҲ򵥣Ȼô౦֪ǲǵĹģﵷڳô⣡
ˣߺֵĿһǱֱӦòʲôƷٱнױˡ
ҲһںĿߺӿȷһҪͶ˼ۡ
ǱȫʺںɫȻɣڵͷһСãֻ۾Ѫɫġ
ڵ뵶ӵĵطûл֣뵶һģǸߺԿеĲͬΪֲȻɫƣǾһֲϴġ
ʮֺ䣬ð˿˿һߺӦһ
ȴƽ棬һ˿ӦҲûУߺ˶С
ΪոոߺЩʬһ˿ѪεˣǱȻ˽ȥͺ񽥽һ
ߺգǵѪô͸˽ȥ
ѵϸֱûһ˿ĵطߺ˿ỳɣֱֱ䣬ҲὫһϺõıиնΡ
ϧڵִһȱ
ͷӣ벻ôƵȻѪߺ˵Ȼ뵽ʲô
Ѫ죡ߺĻعͷȥǿǴ˵еĵ˵˵вȱ֮Ϊ졣
ߺ˵컨ͷȴδ
вΣڱκκñҪ˵һģǲ˫ɯеĶϽ
˵Ǳն֮Ƕˡ
Ʒڽ׼֮ϵıЩֻ֮⣬κ˶Ըⴥı
оħ
ħĳ־ѹƲסħĻͻΪµħ
ĳ³ȽϲһЩϿɣʱ䳬һ룬ʹֻԱ֮Ϊ
ǲһԣߺԲȥ
øߺֻעǱʱһ˫ȴǵĵ
Ҫɱ㣡õǸոոߺСķֵŮӡ
˫Ѫ죬һ˿۰ףͷڷ˳ɫ͹һۼȴѪۡ
޷ѪɫĳڿƮݣ˿˿ѪƮڿһ㣬һħһ㡣
ߺˣҲˣ˵ǰ̶ҵĿһ͸ˡ
棬һ㣬ٲƵġ
㣬һᣡ
ߺһעһעǱߣֳǲǸŮľȻѪˡ


255 
ߺˣҲˣô꣬ԹΣ졣
Щ˳һ֮ǱǺȻڵдͷųĵ
ЩߵȫµôжǿᱻЩл
ȻѪͻ˵Ͼۼһߣ򵶱Ǹõֻ۾λá
ÿһ˶һ߸ɿݵĸʬǻ߶⣬۷
һģһģڴ֮ǰ˵Ҫ͸һ˶˷ܲѡ
ķǳĲҡ
Ҫλ᲻ʲô⣬֪ôܼԦ졣
ѣֻҪõ죬Ҫ˵һѧԺԺͳһʲô¡
ǵһֻҪüԦʮǿΧں
ŮǱոճһӣǱͿʼ⣬ǹⶼѪɫģѪһѪơ
ЩѪɫĵȻǧϸСޱȣǰͺ̵Ůӵϳȥ
Ůӵһ¾ͽŮӵи˿ڡ
Щ˿ðѪȻ۳ˮһ㣬ŮеǱ۶ȥǱҲյգιĺҰޡ
ǣ˾ǣǱŮӣںѪôҲƵģȻһֱԶԶεӿ
ߺ֪Ѫ֮һص㡣
Զʱڣ½½ʱƬϲֹһ֣źܶ壬Ѫ֮һ
ѪˣŮѪҺ棬ǿ׳֮󣬾ǻ۷ΪɶϽʯĺòϡ
ʼɣͽ׽٣Ѫ֮˺ɱѪѪ֮һѪͳ
Ѫ֮УҲֻܹѪѪ֮ˣеѪҺɱӣһѪҺȵͬʮε
ͬѪ֮ˣѪ֮һȱ㣬ѪҺڶ࣬ԻʹôȫɥʧǣΪֻ֪ɱ¾Ĺ
ŮӦþѪߺ˵
Լʮӹ󣬸ߺŮϵѪȻʧˣΪһѪߣӡϣͬһ㡣
Ůӱ˫ۿһܣܷ·һѪϮȳޱȣϡ
¶һ˿Цݣеĵ绮
Ҫ𾢣ҵһ˿ͷˣ֪һʹãЧôأ
˵Ž˽˫֣ĿţԣӿôЩ죬ҿӰ
ߺһͷ亹ĿԼҲǴϱˣһ̾ʹûмоԼǹªˡ

һ·𻯳һƿؿռ䣬Ůӵԣ־Ůȥ
ȻŮѪˣǿʼҲǻصľ磬Ѫ֮ҲŮϸܲһ˿вϢ
еĽܸߺһ˿ΣС
ԣԲĶ֣ʹ֡
𣿡Ůӣߺֽŷſ࣬һͳԡ
سɴ磬ߺʹõ¯ࡣ
ߺֵʱеĽŮͷȥ
ŮҲʶķӦǱ񵲶ȥ
ߺ֪ʹһܱ£ŮҲضᱻ߲̫ˣֻǴݵҲԽĩ
Դγ֮󣬵һ𽣡
ϡ
̶ҹգͬڼžĻзһƨһ㡣
ĿҲ˶ˡ
˭˭ŵƨԣ˭ڴܣ
ҿȥûˣ

Ⱥѧ˯УߺսʼΪ˸ûʹȫ
ǣΪɱԼԦɱԼӵŮӣǶˡ
ߺȻܹоҲˡ
ǿ߶ɵĶͬСɣѧԺ˾Ȼȫˣ
ߺܣƬƬĿռ俪ʼ̮ߺһ֣Ůǰһ±ǽֵռ
Ҫ֪ռѷ֮УҪ˵ǺǿߣǳߣҲᱻ˲䱻ӵĿռֳ֮Ƭ
ߺǺͳ˸ƵģվڵȵĲ
û뵽㻹һͣвԸĽͣһֱضζһеİɫԾȥһģӰӣٶ̫ˡ
ߺӶһе𽣣ҲһͣȻܽ
컬࣡
Ϊϲ𣡡
ߺͬʱһڿˮԷ

ףǸŮĲѧԺĵһŮô⣬˲
ү˵ҪˣһֱӣǱģ¡治֪ζΣ
˵ˣôһ˵ҶҪˡ
мŮߴߴվǰ棬ߺ˹˹ȥֻ
ߣʧȥأǻãΪƯ԰ܾү
ǣҪǿǵķͷүڻǵأ
ΰүŪ˳Ժүأ
Ǹ¶ѣȻҺǳƽǣġ

⣬ߺǸŮӿȥֻһ¡
ܹߺв죬ʹҲҪ˹ܹû뵽ھȻ
˫еĺɫŨķ·Ѫõһߺ׼ʱеһ
Уݣ
ߺ˲ԭأǵϳһȥ
պ«ưһǷɵ˿УֻЩͬĸߺӲԽҲˡ
Ǳһ洩Խȥ
ߺ˲ڱ̵ǰ˫־ٽ죬ǱҲֹͣǰ
ơ
ߺһתЩ̾ȻҲʼת˲ʹӵŤ
ģ
Щ̷·һ㣬ſеȥаʮ̣ͬʱһȥ˷໹˰ٶöѰٵ˺ըȥ
⻹꣬ߺ˫ֳֽڵ£ء
һʼԸߺΪԲģķӶȥʱǱʶһ㣬֮ÿˣȻ˷ȥ
ߺոճУܲסǼŮӵķ̣ǼŮӷɱȥʮͳǼŮǰ
صҹգ˶ڵ⸱ģһ㣬ʱŵü
ҪܣҪ˵ɱǿ־ǣǾȻ޷
ߺĺ͵ǵĽ£ǵһжסˡ
ǼˣıЫӺݶŮӣ֮ǰ˫۾ǲԼĵ¡
ĲǲȻǵѪһɶ
ǵϵѪɫıݣӼ˵˿УѪ۳ɺӿȥǼŮӳΪһ߸ʬ
ߺ亹ǲѣһֱضֲ̫ˣ
ŮӻɱˣߺȻоԾס֣ߣ
ֵǣѪ֮ɥʧǣǸߺһ仰ȴͣеĶߺ
ߺû룬ץסسɴʩչһԶȥգۼ䣬ʧ˺ҹС


256 ѩ
ȡǱ֮УһȣаΧıȫնΣռ䶼նΣ·ƬصĶֿˡ
ᴭŴ³ǰĿ
ʱԶȻһǣһǰ˵ôˣ
ڴߣǿ䣬жϳǸӣܹնɣҶ˱ضǺǿߡ
ƽһû£ոиСҲ磬ڿˣ
˿˿ܲϵľ޴ѷ죬㲻һСɣȻ
ĳЦûκηӦֻǿŸߺʧȥķ򣺡˲ɣǺߣܺҶƽ֣ʵʵ£
£Ǹ˶û⿪ЦˣʲôǺߣǲĴͰɣôǵģ
һۣĴ˭˲֪ĸûһñܵģΪϷɵ𣿡
ˣҪˣҪһƬѪȷ磬ССȻţ˰˰֣ٸۡ
˫һУ⣬𶯿ռ䣺ֻҪ֣ҵľУҿɲ
ȻﲻԾУӻڣúõģŵ˵ͷԣҵı
һŭ쳹һѧԺǸ˿ͷһ亹ԭΪǸ½ͷ˵Ǽٵģˣϼһմ

ߺǲߵġ
һǿԸЩѶȣǿĻԼض޷Ӧ
οԼҲǵ˱ˡ
ʹǸͷʧһ֪˶ԷкǿģʵǺǿߡ
ȻǾ޷ԼٶȵģسɴȻ½ϣǲʵٶȾͱȷ
˿еߺ˼룬ýֻɱһ߻ǿ˵㣬Աתȥ
ߺ¶ΪԼһٴγ֣Լƫƫ֮
ңߺΪٶȣ߶ʮһҾ磬ɱ档
սʱ򣬸ߺҾ磬κǳˣǺǺұҵȫ˱
ߺƾоܿҵ˺صǸߡ
ҵʱڴأߺʹĬĬĶĴϣֱ㶵ĳ
ָֻȽǷһᡣ
ĬĬվڸߺ󣬸ߺһһ
ߺҲһҪţߺԼȥıȻһ仰˵ǸŸߺ粽롣
ڵû˼룬ߺʲô֣ߺʲôҲ档
ŪĸߺûûˣԼǲʲô
Ǽһڴڸߺĵ÷ǳĺ䣬е˱Ǹоģôк
Ǹߺĺô򵥣ǿ˻Ȫ֮۵ĺӵֱõϵԡ
磡ôôأ˴һۡ
ѽѽǰĸߺ˲
ߺڿǴźߵģһһֱЦߣټȫۺڵѩɫ˫էһ˭ÿ־ɡ
Ҳǹ֪ϾҪɹˣߺٺٵЦ㵹ͦģôʱ䣬һΪ㱻ҵıأ
ˣֻǡߺȻȻͷٺɵЦ
ߺתͷַôˣ͵һе˵ӣǸ׳գٿȷܹս
ʵǲٶˣɣ
ߺ˫ѩɫĺâ˵Ķһ٣漴ߺ䣬˾͡΢ЦѪ֮С
ߺɱˣķӦǺܴ󣬷еĲ죬˵ʬס
˵ţθߺһ
ϵУһǵ˼£ȻڿгֳѪƣȻǾʬѪҺһӴֵĺӿȥ
ֻգ۵Ĺ˵ʬȻһɾǳԱҪһһ㣬ǲȻϵ
˫ҲŲƵʶһϸ΢Ѫ߳۰֮УڸߺڽҾ磬ټۣ֮Կ
Ѫһ·ߺܾʶֻССһΣԸͿ塣
ߺзļˣôֵ龻
󣬸ߺص˾ͽң֮Ѿһ磬Ѿûһ˿

֪ϼһ֮ôأ˾ͽң˾ͽָƽȴһݲа
ߺ̾һ˾ͽٱԭˡ
֣΢Цź룺һ裬ȻҪѰְɣ
ߺλϣһһڣȻȫˣֻҪǶˣҲûк˼ˣ
ٺٺ١˾ͽȻаЦҪ½ƹһ𣡡
һ³û뵽ޱ䣬ǰǸȻ˾ͽȻѪȣ˲̡
ߺ̾һԱߵ˾ͽҲ۴ˡ
ֱ˵գߺʵܲˣվȥ˯ˣи˸Ҹ䣡
ߺǰ棬棬һĻɱ˾ͽ̿
ԴӸߺ˾ͽ̾һֱ˳ۣճŸߺ壬ȴһߺ·
ߺʲô˼ôģȴѰѵһûпǹҵĸ𣿡
˾ͽͬһֻŭСʨһ㣬Ÿߺŭ
Ҳ˾ͽ̵һ˷ŭµĸߺƿԣֻǴĿ˾ͽ̡
˶ƿԣ֣˵ȴҲ벻˵ʲôߺֻùԹԵıˡ
˾ͽӿʱ򣬸ߺŷӦ˹
ոտܲ˵ΪеǱ̫ˣ֪̫ĻĲá
Ѫ壬Ϲʱͳİǵǿӹɡ
죬ǿֲ͸˵
ЩȫǸߺڵ֮֮УǲƵѶϢ֪ģойѪôǿĽܡ
ԸߺǣôǿԲϣģԡ
ʵˣߺ֪˵ĻĲˡ
ߺûд㽫µʵߴңǽԼ˵һ飬ʱҲпôѧˡ
ֽʼձסģ̹һЩȫ˵
˾ͽ̱ĵ׾ͺ˵ŮӾȻ⵽ĴЩŮӣǸ硣
˵û˾ͽøߺȥһΣɱǼһ
ߺεҡͷΪǷݣġ
ֽߺʵ
֮УֻԸߺĻзӦҲѵʱ򣬸ߺǾ䲻ɱҪĻɡ
ֲãԺѩɣߺ˵ǰѩѩ


257 
ߺ뽫Ѫģϸһ룬ǽѩɡ
ѪȻУԵЩ̫ѪȣӦúѪѪġ
ô˽ûʲô֪ȥ¾Ͳˡ

ȥˣߺһֱѩһֱڸߺػ֮ͬǰһ㣬ػڸߺ⣬һҲ뿪
ϷˣڸߺרĴʱ洫ĴЦߺͷ󺹡
֪һƵˣһÿγֵʱҪôĶ
ʱ򣬸ߺſں˳ͻ
˭Ϊʲôվүſڣ仰˵ģ񿴵ѩ
ʻѩһ仰˵ֻǾĿеĵȴգߺĸоǰȻŷǿѪ
ҪѪأʱǾԲƵ쿴ģߺĬĬ뵽
ȻǰֻǻõĹϵ֪Լܡ
Ҫеöǧ¹ףʹߺȥ˵ҲǰϾҪԼʵ
սˣһˣôǶʱ䣬Ʈܵǿô졣
˺ôͲһˣǧ¹ѵãǵΪã˲ǲܵġ
Ҫ˵ǿ£߰ӵĻǾԲġ
ѩϣԼˣɣߺ֪ڲ˵Ļ¾ĳˡ
˸ߺĻֹͣսĵŸߺȥ
ߺߵǰ֨ѽѽĴţλү۵Сۡ
ǶѩŭĿӣѩĿ񣬷·һ̾Ҫ
ȿȡߺһɿȣ뽫˴ϣߺεǣ˸ûߺȥ
ιҵĴڸǲ̫һ㰡ߺҪˣʹһˬʵЦ
һγϣһȷɢ
ߺ𣿡
ȿȿȡʦῪЦʦ飬Ҳ֮࣬ǰΪʦ󣡡ʱһڸߺǰźǾЦ̬
ߺԸոѾ³ңӾˣȻ֪һһֱĥ󻹰ˡ
ҪңʦǰļǮ¿ǻأ뵱֮
һ³סߺ죺ҾɣαôأڸߺԱߣɫ˵
ʦģҪҶ̺òã˵ˣǶ˲ǣ
һģߺ;ͷۣȷһֻǧ¹ۺˣԲһҪֵġ
ңһһͻƺ龳ˣҪȻҲǧ¹仹δϵѪ
Ȼں龳뷢Ӻ龳ȫʵҲӦѪ¶ԡ
ôķȻҲԣǲʮֿ죬ԾңƵĸԣ϶Ȳˡ
ߺȻҲС֮ˣһһ֧ǧ¹׾ͳУ˷ƤǾͶлʦæˣ
˵žͽǧ¹׽ӹȥˣ
㵹ǲƤ̫񣬹ֲʦһԭƤߣߺҲǵʲá
û뵽Ͳ£ЦǺǵĸǧ¹ʮ飺Ȼ׻˵ƤԲţƤԸ
㡭ߺˣһܸ£գһʰ
ߺε߳ȥˣƤǳûˡ
ˣʦܣ˵лвٻܲʦְٰʮƿģʱʦ׷ҲõŰ
һת·ϣƿһ۲Ǻ޳ܵҪ
Ҳʲôһĸ֣֣
Ĳˣֻøߺʹ򵽸ߺϡ
ߺðɣΪʲôٰʮƿǶ𣿡
ʮӺ󣬸ߺ粽룬žĭӷɽȻһ仰岻ϣòд֣ŵҲдһ
ߺǳ׷ˣǰ˴ӵһ֡
㣬Ҿ㣬ʲôûˣжԶ߶Զвߺ°ĭæһƿȻĶӡ
˵ߵġ˿еĻҡִ
ֻߺһͷߵĲֿ˼֡

ոЩֻһ־磬ʵܹǰߺл˵ģʤֶһ֡
ûн֮أҾΪǻ۷ʱΪ߶С顣
ڣΪضѾ龳磬ôһ˵ʵҲǺǿ
ǿټϸߺ뾰죬Ȼ˼龳ߣкصߣѾúܶˡ
˫ƾУʤ춨ɣߺ¶һ˿΢Ц
ƵضѾȺʱˡ
ߺӰݼλ̨ϳϣ
ߺСӵεǧ¹͵̫ʱˣϷҿķϡһߺʵƵ̲סˣ˻ϻӡ
ȿȿȡæ˼Ƶͣסˣٽ˵ȥˣֵܶΪԲ裬ţεǶ˾ɣ
ղ֪ͺˣԸߺûв𴩡
Ҳǣʵ鲢Ʈڵ顣
˵߼£ƮæǾ쾭壬ߺҲƵض˾Բƴǡ
ȴǰ֣ҶԸ½ңе㲻һˡ
ּӵİѾƮڽĺ֣ҰһսˣҲͲˡ
˵˲ȫΪ¹׶Ҳһܴ󲿷ֵԭǿڸߺϡ
ߺ۷壬һսеš
ţԸߺʣǶľţǾҲпܣôܷأ
ھ죬ߺһ¹׵ľ죬ʱʱĽ֮ڻС
ߺһţǹ͵ġ
Ϊ˴֮һôûһЩأ¹ײõһȾʱ򣬾˵ˡ
ж¹ס
ߺɱ˵Ŀ⿴æı仰⣺ʲôʱ֣
ߺ˼һ̫֮½Ļ񡭡
˵⣬ߺͣһ£֣տȥ治ߺϣ֣սȭͷҧгݣ˫ֱ֮ð
ߺһмǲ궯һ£Ͼǻƣ
֣֪ߺ仰˵Լģǿѹеŭ𣬶Ÿߺ˵ͷ
ߺ΢΢ף֣Ƕѵ壬ߺ֪Լ˵Ļʮа˾ûð
ڴ֮ǰһҪע⣬Ҫ¶ݣ׼ҺʦҲעǵٵģԷ䣡Ǿ仰ߺž˵


258 
ȣʳ֮»ΪǣȻ¾Իģ
ƵضǸߺйģȻʲôֻǿ߶ĵǸûжϵ
֣ǰ˾ԸߺΨհԸߺõϿɡ
ǽߣλ̫ϳϣٴ֮ǰİȫͰλˣߺȭ֡
΢Цĵ˵ͷɷģڣȻ᲻һëģ
Ǻǿߵţ
ҪǸߺԼ⣬Բı֤ûİԷǿ˭֪ʵôأ
ߺ뾰컯Ӱӣ˾ͽԶȥ
룺Ҳߺɱ˹˼ҵˣȻɱˣʼû˸ҳ
ǣߺȴ֪˼Һ֮ŪĻʳǷзһʱ䣬ʳǳǷ֮أе˶ȿֺҪȥ
ǣʼΪҳ֣Ȼǣʳ֮ˣֻ׼׼Υɱ⡣
ÿһſڶһػҲǿߵѹûа취Ź衣
Ҫ֪ʷϻûúسŵأҲǿˣǱӡ
ģλǿΪؼʱôһȷأʵã߾߰ɡ
ԣ˵ʲôһҪΪұʮǣǿ
ʵԭȻֻһ֪ˣڻУһô˵ͷء

½ԭǰ֮صļһ˰ɣڻʹӰԶ
Ǹ½ԭװ࣬ͷףۣͷڣһЦȻ½ĳЩһֱչκ˶û뵽ȻΪˣΪ
Ϸغ󣬾Ȼ˵֣ı֮ģɷҲ뵱ҵĸ׿֣ҿΪԪ˧ģû뵽Ѳ⡭
ԱߵƲƲ죺Ϊ˭֪Ҫ֣ҵۺĲʵƾ½ҲܵϻʵۣЦ
ˣ˵
˵ͷҰģжǰ½һҪЩѳһնɱ
½֣ʱɹɲҪҶμңӦҵ顭Ǹ˵
½ԭһЦȻȵʱƽңͽȫңһǶμңʹ֮Ϊһɣ
ҶγݾڴлˣʣµǸ˾ȻǶγݣ䣬ڽһƻ˻죬ӵ⾳Ķμ桪γݡ
½ԭæ˵ǶӦõģʱٳȥңʱǶμҾǵһˣ
Цʱ¹ɣȫʧǶμҾͻΪһɣʱҪǰ
˵˵γݹЦ½ԭ˭ûһ˿볰Ц

ôأߺ뾰˫ӥڵĸ֮ۡϣ첻Ϊң֮ƣȻӴָóƺĳԺ
ЩƷʺܵͣûǿΪãȴɿڡ
ߺҲһЩ޲ڵĿ佱˼䣬ʸߺ
ߺ˼˵ͣȥʲôٳǼˣ
ৡ
ӵڸߺǰʦܣе۸ˣȥôõȻȥ
ܸиİɣȻҪǰжôأ
ȷ磺ôӵ黹Լɣ¿ɲҲ룬㲻Լȥô顣
ߺվǣĿһۣңڵǲǺ龳Ϊ
ߺĻ챾ԼľһͣʦܹǺ֪Ǻ龳磬ΪλҪװһ֪ģأ
ߺ΢΢һЦʵ֤ѣαôأ
ðɣΪʦ־͸㣬ڵȷǺ龳磬ʵʱ֪󷽵ĳˡ
ߺ˵ͷ֪֮ɭ֮еĲԵõʲôöʵͻͽ
ҿ⻹ͻͽ֪ڻ۷㾳ϵ״˶೤ʱ䣿ʵɣұȽʱ䶼ãʼղ䷨޷Ϊ龳磡
󣬸ߺ֪֮ɭ֮Уһȷǽ졣
õʲô֪ǿǸϲı飬֪˾һһĺö
Ȼڶ빫ӣõרΪ׼õѶϢͻƵǰϢ
󣬵Ӧйӵ裬ǣȻͻһƥˡ
˵˵䲻ʮ꣬ʵȴǳǿͽ컹빫Ӵ⬶ʤ
սʱü֮һƬۣÿʱ˵ͻɱӣƵе
йӲʮУ˵Ϊǻأһǳǿᣬһʵǿǿߡ
ߺ󣬵˵ͷǵǴμʹȥԼҲ޷ǰǸһԼʤʲ
ԼҵԼߺʵԼȻˡ
ʱûյ֮ĻܹйӴƽ֣Ҳʤѡ
ȴܹʮоͽ裬ѹԵʵԼԵ֡
ߺ˼ʱ򣬾ˣףʲôʱ۷ģʵôϣҶܸоΣ˵Ӧðѣ
ߺǺһЦɣǷֱ˫ӥһж硣Σ
һЦȻٺòˣǽŰɣ
˵ţĸߺļ򣬿ǵߺʱ򣬸ߺȻһˣ󻯳İѩ
СӰһҲҲգҺúü˫ӥȥ˰ɣûʳǣ֪ûкö
˵ţҲ֪Լ뵽ˣȻ¸¹Ц
˫ӥڷʱ̾ʳѻҲ̫ˣôֽУܵˣҿ޳ȥҾˣ
ߺԴ뿪Ƿ֮󣬾ۣ֮ϵѲʳܣкߡ
ڶϱĴŷĸߡ
ߺɷ˵һţǸȥ
ߺﶫŵʱǸǷ߷߲ƽء
ǿɶϼҲǵģʲô½ңҪʵҲǶμҰ
ߺ֪Ĵı߳Ŷô˵λǶμˣ
ȻǣǶμ֮˱˳Ӧһ벻ԣתͷߺ
ߺӰûһŤԴȻ
֮󣬸ߺ㽫ǳˣЩǵǸϿǡ
Щ˱뽫ݱҪǱѵģǹٱȲ׼ǵķˣջȫЩעˣֻ¶ڳԡ
콵˵ȻжܶˣЩ֪󣬺ڵҪҪˣʱҲ½֣սʱ
ڶ֮󣬳Ƕϵλ߶ˣеİҲ߳ɣֻʣɡ
ֵЩسʿˣǲ֪ʲôʱԼͷûˣԾ֣ӶᶫҪԶ߸߷ɡ
Щߺ󣬷©˶֪Ļλָ˭Թ˲Ͼ˲ⱣȫһƬҡ


259 ǰս
½ҵ߻кӷ㣬ĸ߻ʱġ
ҺӷһȻͲݵĶ½ӢܴƢּ½ԭѹµġ
Щ˶ǵĿе֪ߺһ£Ȼ뵽⼸ÿɱ˵Ķźߣ𰸺֮
ԭҲɹߺǺ뵽ߺΪʵûٶ롣
ʳǵҡ
˿ĸߺΪˣֻ֣˽ãҲֻΪ֣ðգ½ӢܱضΪһ֮Ҳϻ۵ˡ
ӷɫ֮ǾǸߺˣǿɶ֣һҪң
ƹ̲ݻͽаɣ½Ӣ
ΪʲôһߺȥȫԽˣϴζڻûأǷֵĻԼˡ
ͬ飬ӷǶԸȥ׽øߺ
½Ӣҡҡ֣ߺΪҲ㲻Ṧ˵Ҳ˵ãڰʮֲ׷ɱ
ֻҪҼ飬֣ձضסҪ֣ߺֵܣߺܲ
ֻǸ񶫣аս֮ơ½˫üͷ֮ҲҲάߺ
ȻẦ񶫻æʱγǰһҾͲصˣսŵͽڴ֮ǰұţǵʱ˹ˣ
ңÿһλǺأ࣬ôġ
飬ŴΣ½ԭ˫ӥ
˫ӥַͷúãѻô࣬Ҫȥˣ
һûͷûԵĻŪĴҺ󣬲漴㲻ˣǿƹΪΪһūŶˣҪǸߺ
˫ӥȥ֮󣬾ͽ˵ˣȻ󲻹ԣڷ䣬Ѿ߽ãǺøͷԼķȥ
쾰ݶ֮ʫǴЦʵ˫ӥ߳ܶ࣬˫ӥһֱΪѻڽС
޷ϢϢãͻˡ
ûпݶϣߺеľһ飬Ȼĵ˵ͷŶȻչ̶ֳˣҲҪ׼ˣ
·뵽ʲôЦ飬ߺֱ֡
ص˾ͽߺ˵˳׼
ڴ֮ǰߺרųȥһ¾죬һ飬ԣߺѣóһ֧
Ǹߺöָõһֻ˲ΣߺûãȻҪ
ʹ컹Щ⣬թһ֧ǧ¹׹ȥưոݡ

ڶ죬һֻӭ׶ӻʹƺƵվ
Щûߵˣһû鿴ЩϾΣڵϦˣʲôأ
Щ̫£Ҫͷˣ˭ΣĹͷȢס
Ȼ˲̫࣬ϾһЩġ
ӭ׶һ·ӴվнӳȻûܵκε
װɱ۵λǿ߶ƣѲǷˣˣ
ҪߺˣԻڻʹеģҪķ䶼һ֮Уܹɽɵġ
ΪľǴ̼֣գߺ˳֣Ȼһ򾡣ô½ҾͿĸˡ

˵½ϣ½ӢСƵваҲ̫˰ɣ洫
½ԭҲǵü˳ۣװһӣȻûˣҲһģ
γȻЩΪ飬Ϊ˼ҵϼһǻȥˣȻһ·δ
ҪǸߺ֪һҪһˣڹģ̰
½ڸͷϣʮֵ̹ԼЩνݣ
ԼͻƵ۷壬ʵǴﵽ벽Ӽ𣬵Ȼ벽ӼԼһԸ
ڵĹӼġ
յΪ̫ӣպƹһˣ顣
֣մʱҿһۣ̾ͱòԵߵˡ
ȻѾ֣ˣŮеǣܹõͺˣֻѡ
ٰ˾ͽŪУԼ˫֣ˡ
ԣνǳޱȣ϶Цɾջˡ
նҹȻǸˡ
Դ°һֱ뽫ˣ˫ӥһֱŲã½ԭΪЩСΪ˵
վ֮ա
ʹ̨ϣ½Ӣܵλϣ½أעܣߺ˵ûС
ʱԶߺ֣˾ȻƺƵ
һغܺõĺǿסˣ޵ŭί
˼ңô󷽵߹ԼȴװǱ̫࣬оôôŤء
ͷǸߺֵвû֣գλһֱǲڵ£̫ˣ
ߺż㣬̨ϣЦݿĿеһ̫࣡
һѧԺԺȻһ̫ǿЦߺĶסЦ
һ¾ͺˣһ·Ƭһ֮أ
ߺһЦ˵ƾ㣬ҿ㣬ܻûͣ
ʱ½ԭγҲЦһ·ƬƬ鲼˭˵һ˵ģΪϹɷѿģϧԼˣ
½Ϊ˽ɽ𢣬ȲѣӢҲγݹЦĴָ
½ԭװʮ־֣ҲңǶλܴɷ򡭡

Ŷļ˻വ໥꣬ߺͶ䣺ǣҸо䣬ģ
ߺո˵껰Ǽ˵ɫˣ½Ӣܵ˵ͷߺǺôĵӣһʶ֮գȻ£Ѳıɣ
½ӢܲΪʵۣһ͸ߺ¸ıǸߺҲ׳գʵϸߺҲˡ
˵ʲô½Ӣܴŭ
ߺмһЦڶǲݵľˣڽЩʲôأֱӿ򲻾ˣ
ʹ죬Ҫľ仰Ψֱȣ
һжǴΪɻǶ֪ˣϼ޻һǾԲϴͷģѵתˣ
ߺȻ֪ΪʲôҲ˵ϾѩУ˵Ҳڽɡ
ҲߺɱһңҪѪծѪӷ㻹ȻŸߺ˵
Ҳ󣺡ңҶ˰ɱðɣˣ
˵ţ߾ȻһΧߺ
ǵǺ˵һЩֻͨĺһأʲôûС
ӷ΢ѰһЩˣϾӵľġ
ߺ΢΢𣺡Ҳãһθˣ


260 Ҷ
ǣߺֶọ́
׵ı̴Ӹߺǰĵ۶ֳǰӶȥٶȷǳ죬ʯһ㣬ܿ˹ӷĽ¡
Ŀ½ԭγ֮ߺʵȻ
ոΪǿ߻˵ģһϷ񣬸ûдֵ˼
ԭ½ԭγ̽һ¸ߺʵΣϾΪ飬ۼΪʵ
ңںǿߵսУһò̫
޶ԣӷܲףԼˣµҲûбİ취ˡ
Ǹոзȥߺ˫âֱ䵽ϡ
ֻһ٣⹦Ǳ̴̽ˡ
ӷ㵹Ƿɵϣϣ˫֣ľ֮
еγһֱ۴ϸɫߺƶȥ
ߺżѸȥ˳һֻǱ֮ϣһ̣зȥ
Ǳ֮һ㣬֮ϣΪͣȻһ£Ǳ̾ͻ˹ȥ
ʮߺΪסÿһߺԼ·ˡ
ΪȻԽۼ϶ԽС޷Խȥ
Щһ㣬ߺϣĽ֮סȻս
ߺ嶼֮Уɵһĵ
ӷһЦΪʲôأͣɣ
Ϊߺˣ½Ӣ½Ϊߺˣһѽ§ڻУ˵
Ѿˣ͹ԹԵķҰɣһұ֤ٻ󣡡˵ţ˫־ӵؿȥ
֣覴ѣСӣңϷϱĲˣ
䣬Աߵһ½ҵĺ߾кβң̵ĸߺѾˣҿǻذɣҪȻ䵽ߺߺߡ
˵˭ˣϣ˵ĲҰɣǸ֮дߺĻ
γݣ½ԭһ˿ı鶼ûУ
ߺԹУ֪ߺ˵ʵԸضԣһһ߾ƾ⾳ɱ
ҪˣߺҲǻ⾳ġ
յĻģһЩȮ̫ˣߺ˵
Աߵ˾ͽҪˣСӣҪ˵㲻СҪˣ
ߺ˫һʲôģǺϷóһõĿȿȿȣȻˣ
ߺ˵ţ֮ʲôأԣ˳ϰɣ
˵꣬ıǿĺ⣬ϿʼǴطʼѩе϶ʼ
ҲʼֻǱⱬһ˲䣬˱˳Щȥ
ӷ㻹ûзӦͱıȫڵˣڰеȥˡ
ոպӷ㻹±ߺԾץסԼɵرĸߡ
ºˣǷɵøߣˤˡ
屻ˤģĲˡ
ߺһЩϵĺɢأߺ˺ˡ
㲻ҪһҿߺЦĿ½
½ɵ˫ȷԳư벽ӣǻûͺ߶ҲΪԼܹߡ
ǣոʲô࣬ߺֶûɱߡ
ȻĺӷЩȡȷǸߺԼɱģˤ飬ԸߺʵҪɱҲס
ҪŻСǸߺϷ֣˭ڻʼҵһѧԺ£վ˳
ߺ޹ʼ򣺡СҿûСҽйʲôүүģʹҲӦģˣôԷһأ
㣬С֣̫ˣҪѪߣ½ԭ˲䱩ŭˣԼʲô
ߺûк£ɫԽԽ䣺ôˣģҲ½ѪߣΪԶԶҪѪɺӡ
˵꣬һʧԭأһ̳½Ӣܵԣȥ
Сң½ԭ˲ŭˡ
ȻûжˣǻһЩģڹ֮ͥ£½ҵĻʵ˴ˣ½е϶һ
½ԭ֣˶׼ˣȻߺǿǿߺԲ֡
οʱֻҪ֣Χˡ
û뵽½ԭոնһӰͳߣһ̽ס֣䲻ֺܶ
ʲôǿߣϿ춯֣б䣡½ԭһϺ
֮һǱɫĽУ׼˸ߺı󣺡һ꣡
һȻʹԼĵǽ·ܴ͸صһ񣬲ǺǴ󴨣ܱһ͸
ռ飬Ľ·һֱȫиġ
ߺ֮ҲһȻԼ֮Уȫû뵽˾Ȼ˺ݶҪһ
δ㿪ǽ򣬱
ߺǿ֧Ȼǽһʩչ
һƬѩ׽ߺΧзԲɣڸߺıγһº׵ıǽ
ԸߺΪģһܡ
ǱҲ֮ǰߺʻıأס˶ı㡣
ͣǽأܵںϣֻ˺ֹһ
̣ؽںϡ
ǱȽϸӣϽҵںϡ
ЩܹŸߺĸı䷽򣬶ߺıǸܹڱд
ǻѩǸߺһԼģԼ˻ӰɵĵأҲسɴ硣
һ˲ǰ׵ľ룬ҷԼȷ׽
˵ڸߺĿǰʹóУ̣ݣǽһǻѩ
⼸Ǹߺڵʽֻǳʱձضܹӳǿ

һǿڱʱֻһ٣ȻкɢĽͽЩסĺնˡ
֮һȻ˺ܶ࣬ɷǳ
ﬡǣ
Ƕ±ǽȻϿˣһϿġ
ǶϿߺıǽ֮һеҲĵĲˣʼûƿߺĻ
ߺлôһ˿£Ϊǿ״̬µıǽ
׺񣬼ϱǿԷǼʹߺıǽȻԷһƿˡ
һϣһ¶ϻȥǸߺȴôʮַ񣬴һеķ֮⡣
֣һĻߺ˿ˣسɴ磬һȥ
ġȻͷһһȳУϪƳճɽ¥Ҫ⣬ҲǼǮۿ֮Ķң
ǣһ̫ˣߺ룬Ѱѩ
ԱٳָߺӰ֮ȴһˣѪֹ


261 VS
ߺ˿ϻʹ쳣ȣǣԼĻ꺣ƺ΢𵴡
ոһȻûд̵ǾȻĻ꺣һ˺
ҿߺбãҲйԣԸߺ꺣ܵ˺̫
ߺոն㿪ľѾʼˣ򿪣ȳһ翵ĹıϮȥ
ǵһ˿ϢҲû˺ѿռ䣬·ʮƽҲһ㡣
Ȼһʼûа취ǵǾǼһ̫հˣȻһʼͿʼʫһ䡣
һʹڰ׳յҲӦ֪ô᲻Է
ת˹еĽҲŤǵȥһɢȱ
еĽȻǽ𶯣ռҲǲδݣֻǿռԽԽ֮һɣȥ
ཻһ𣬲ûǿռѵֻ֣ǲϵĽ֯ơ
󣬾ǵȻڲʼ߽⣬·ɳһ㣬쳿ɢڿա
һȻȥƲģ幥ȥ
弱ٵĺˣ΢縧ķҲǰȥγһֱߣӦʮֵϵױ
ߺ˰죬¶ģǲΪȻԺ͸õý־֢ˡ
췴Цǿһ󣬵ȴܹ֮͵֮СģǸһ꣬·ϣһûв´Ļǲʧܾõĺǿɣ
Ī⣬ߺسɴ磬ȴ
ߺسɴֻһ򣬶ȴŲͬķ
ÿ֮Ҫʱ嶼ڿʧתһ򣬾һ㣬Ī⡣
ֻλý϶ֻ̣ʮס
ǲϵת򣬶Ծ׷һҪþˡ
ȴԹԵ˵˵ʱ̽ż֮󣬱ʧڲ򣬶ʱȥأڶأأжʮǿȴûһġ
˵Խ죬ĹٶҲԽ죬ǰתҪϾҪʱ䣬ֻһ룬֮ᵽǰ
֪Բǹ֮ϣȻĻԼͬǹһ㣬ڲ߽⣬м
ߺԵģ¾Ӧ֧ȻͣסɫȻ
еȻҡȴûһ˿类ɿ
ض¾˻һңеȺȻʮֵá
һ˦еƾͱ˦ǹ֮ȥмȴˢˢ
֮ȥ֮󣬺ȻҲû˶·ѾƵģȴȥƲģٵȥ
ٶȣٶֻ첻ֻҪһɲǵĹͿ׷ҲԽԽ󣬴һʼӴСһ״С
˫һУ֮⣬û뵽Ʈ֮⣬ֲ֣ҹҲкܴĲ죡
һһУȴ֮֮С·һϸߣ滹Ϣ
˫һˣǽ⣬û뵽㲻ǿ󣬻˽⣡
ߺһοı飬ոۿȥȴԱߵĶγѾߺˡ
㿴𣿡γʵ
ߺƳһۣûٵһأҾԻῴǲأҲû취ˣ
漴ȫƵ½ԭս˵սûеľ춯أֻǵγһǽ
ߺ֪Ǻ߾֮ʱ꼰㣬һ㶼Ĭ֧֣©
СطȻ˴սʳǶ᲻ڣ˵еˡ
Ƶأߺ𴦿ȥζӰӡ
ѲϼһõˡߺĬĬ߶ַ뷨Ȼ˵ǣǾԲ顣
벻ͨͲˣԸγݵģǴʱȫˣҪԼˡ
ǸߺγݾӸµ˵
ߺ̬Ȳ⣬ֻǵĵ˵ͷкָ̣
γݵ˵ͷս̫ˣ߸ɣ
Զȥߺسɴ磬ں棬ȴûиţߺ
ߺŶγݲ֪ܳʶڹʶ⣬γͣ˰УһӣһֳڸߺΧγҲ뵽С
˭һֱ˿̣ߺҲף˵˭ʵ
μҶγݡ
ߺһЦμһԨԹأ
ͣһͣߺʵƹӦǧ˿ƵĹϵɣӦ˵ħڡ
˵⣬ߺͣγݵɫȻûκεı仯Ϻˡ
γʲôû˵һһ֮ͱˡ
ϵԽԽǿߺУòȻڷ֮ڣЩոȷѿľȻٵĵлȻʣ¿ľһꡣ
ĲݵҲ˻ɫģٿή
⣿ߺ˵ΪȻ
㻹Щ͵ģΪʲôҪҵӦòô򵥰ɣ
ߺ˵γԴ˵ԼǶμ֮󣬲۸ߺ˵ʲôһԲ
ңеıԽԽŨȻضɱ⣬·ؾͻʹʧ
ǹɱǵصߺѹȥǸߺɫĮƺһ˿Ӱ춼ûУôĹеĶγݡ
γ˵裬ôˣһȫˣͬ㣡ߺȻε˵һ䡣
ǣ˵仰ʱ򣬸ߺı䵭ʮֵ棬ǳЦ飬·ı飬˵ĸƵġ
γĲǸߺ仰Ǹߺû˿Ӱ죬ޱȵĲ죺㣬ΪΡ
ߺһЦеı͵رǵصıǱ֮ڿУȻȻ˱һ֡
֮⾳֮󣬲ò˵һֱ
˵ͬǸߺıȴļžɣûһ˿
ʣһûиţαȾıأ
⣬ȻǱ⣬Ǿ͹ֲˣߺ⾳ԼȻͬèһ㣬ĴӴܣӱܲĶߺıУ׷ӡС
ˣγ˵˵ͷų޾ɱ⡣
ŵϢ뱯˵ϢռһȻ˵ߺܹѹ⣬ȴֻǶɱ⣬γݵɣһʱƾС


262 ļ
ߺ֪ȥԼΪԷһԿֻʵȡʤˡ
ϵĺٴαߺϽɢ˿˿ߺ˫Ҳѩɫȫһ˿ۺڡ
Ҿ硣
ߺı仯γһ˫ɱ֮⣬ߺ˫ȴ޾ıĮ
γݿŸߺб仯彥ıı䣬·޾ıߡ
һ˹ǰ󲻹һʱ䡣
ʱߺѾڰˣкγϮȥǺڿ۳һ̡
γһӣǸ̾ͻм衣
ԭҲ˰ʺڵսڿУγ˵һ仰һߺѹȥ
ǿʹǴռ䶼Ӳˣߺ֪ǱϣʹҲˡ
ǽߺһǰѸٳһ±ǽߵǽ֮ϣѸٽǱǽ߳顣
ǽɵĵУеĶγݷȥ
γһû뵽ǽȻܹһйĹЧ
γȻȣǲδֻš
ԼĽΪᣬһֻȴ̧𣬾ڿתıȫɳȥ
ոջЩıУγݱ̧һȴ׶
Ƶ·ңߺ󶶶
·ǴϴÿһռƬƬγݺȻ
ƬƬףߺŪĶҪѪˡ
Ƶ·ֱõߺ꺣֮С
ؼļȷγʹ𽭶ǧֹǧ򱶰ߺип
ѩߺ³һ仰屻һһȴ׶ߵķѣɶѶѰѩ
Ȼߺÿ죬ɱһࡣ
ߺһڵ߳Բʮ׵ĴӣʮףһԲ
ΣͬһСʯ䵽˵ϣڵγɵһ㡣
γһȣַɵ˿УЦһ龳綼СһʵǿܹΣһɣ㻹ʲô취
ߺȴ¶һ˿΢ЦΪû취
ݣ
ߺ˲ʧڸߺǰ̳ڵϣߺȴӰ
ڸߺ뵽Ҿ磬Ա̸׾Ȼһ֣֮ȴв׵ĸ߶ȡ
ȻߺʧˣǸȴֻǳڵϣûзУԶγݵǲ̫ġ
ߺ˲ڶγݵıֳɽָָ죺ն
ǸȫѿеĶγݷȥγɫȻļ֮һ׾
˵ţγһ߳һը죬ǴƬĿռЩ̱һȫߵ÷顣
ǣ
ߺһƵ֮󣬽Ŷγʹ˵ȡ
ȷһʹȻƮƬƬɫҶߺ֪⾳ʵ壬γݵѸߴĳˡ
ֻĳ⾳ſԽ⾳ʵ壬ߺ⾳ȻҲԣǲǴ⾳ɵġ
״ܹûɽȶֻ˿ռڵʵˮѡ
ǣĳɵȴͬĳ⾳Ũ⾳ѹʵ壬Ȼܿȴõġ
ùãҪǱЩõĶ䵽ϣǿɾͲôˡ
Ǿзǳǿ˺Ǹߺ⾳סԷ⾳ֻҪԷ⾳ǿ󣬶û̫á
ƮĻɫҶռ䶼˱µա
ļȷĵȣȴǺͶγݵ⾳ּΪƣศɣеҶˣȴû
ߺͷųϣܵĵֵסЩҶ
֪Ϊļ׵ȷʩչ춯ġ
ǣβû쳣ļž
ߺЩҶһֱ˼⣺ЩҶ²ô򵥡
ո꣬ЩҶȻը죬һЩըҶɢǿĳ
ǳ˸ߺı򣬽뵽ߺı֮Уߺϡ
Ǹߺ岢ûʲôӰ죬һ˿˺۶ûУߺ֣Ȼסˡ
ԼүүǸ԰׵ĳĺˡ
үү˭۸ˣүүȥ
߾ҪأؼĴڣǿԼˣԣһҪԼĵ
ߵʵжǿΪжߣ۵ľʤܹϵĻ˵ˣ

һĻĻӸߺǰһֻ̣ص˸߽߽˶Իĳ
ϧ׺޺޶գ磬ҶԲ߼ң
Һļҵ䣬Ϊˣòڰ׳С
ǧú֪

ûãǰȻүүԸ֪ȻЩ鶼
ҵʵѿ԰߼ңȴԼҪʵһֱûаߺүү֮飡
ԴΪĲΪүүʵԸ֮ã
ߺţȫۺڵ˫кȻᣬһοٻ䣬ڿ۳һ顣
ڴͬʱһ𽣳С
ߺһΣ̱ΧһķԼĲϣۿžҪء
ʱǿűѾߺգ׹ȥߺȫɢźĽ̳һ䵽ϣײ
ߺ˫һ±˫ѩ׵УȻᣬָֻǱ顣
оڲдתǱɱ
ߺæ£ֽסǵ۳ɵı顣
Ǳ䵽ߺϣȻˣźߺնȥ
ߺ˫кȻһ˿ů⣬ô飬¶һ˿ˬʵЦݡ
ҶˣߺȻ쳤Цд޾ĺڵ۳һݡ
Ǻ䵽Ҷ֮ϣ۳һƬƬϸСҶ
ߺǻָԭĳγݣ治֪ӦǺ㣬лл㡣أȴֽһ
ʲôˣһֵγݳԾˣȷԼ˵ʹǵһȶ׼Ŷеǿ
ţȷȫɱ־Լĺǿ
ȷԼ⾳̫ˣںϵһЩըŨ⡣
Ի˵־ԿԻһʱ䣬ʱǿıըͻȫ뱯еĵ˴ݻ٣
ߺĬĬ߶ǽ
ߺǰѸһ±ǽߺıں档
ЩҶڱǽ֮Ϻը˰죬ǽȻһ˿˺۶ûС
ЩҶ䵽棬Ȼʼ̣󽥽ıһƬҶߺС
ɱҶԽԽ࣬ڸߺ·ɡ


263 ɱ⣬սĻ
ʲôܣ㾹ˣҵ⾳Сӣ̫԰ˣγŭˣԼΪ⾳Ȼ˦ôܵˡ
γŭһȣеδжɱҶ·ָ֮ʿƬƬը
ӦߺסЩҶȻʼͣ𵴣·ϾҪͻƸߺıڸߺ߱ըһ㡣
ߺһӣЩҶȫеĶγݷȥ
γһЩҶԼ߱ըǿĳԼҲǳܲסġ
һȶ׼š
γһɨЩҶȻͣڰУҶеȫ⣬һɹγݷȥ
кȻǿĺǺǿĺ·Ҫﶼס
ߺ¶һ˿΢Цż㣬ܵıȻյڣţȫ޷Ǻм䡣
ҿǳԴҩ˸ߺҶγݽվͽΣնɱҡУɣγ˵һߺѹȥ
ǿбǵԼЩʱȺȻͣͲǰˣҲϵıԼĺΧ
úԸңҲ˵˵ˣߺǺд
漴ЩøӺˡ
γһϵ˲ͽϵıˣȥ
Щͬʶһ㣬ߵȻıȽϿ죬Ǻȴ޴ڵġ
ջ֮ϡ
һɲǣͣһ£ͣ٣Ǻ֫סˡ
ʮ֮һ룬ͻָˡ
ߺʱѾ䵽£Ц˭˵Ҳܹеˣ
ߺ˫ֻأѸٳ֣ף޵ߣǶγݵλá
ڵкȻһűǱ֮ȴǴĺ
ǺĴڣǿűܲ
ڸոնγͣٵʱ򣬸ߺıѾʼˣжʱǱѾﵽĽˡ
漴ĺֽΧˡ
Ȼ󣬱пʼγɣγһ±ڱ֮ڣö
һǿ߱ڱ֮Ƶģе֩롣
֮ǰȫ֧Ժûн嶨סھ廹һξĵطġ
󣬸ߺ㲻ĸ߶ȣȣױףװ룬ס
׵ʱ򣬸ߺֹͣˣű֮еĶγݡ
֪Լɱĺȣǿʮȵ¶ȣ˿϶ᱻˡ
ǵеĳʱȴסˣֻγݵһһɫ۳С
֮۵ĸߺ֮ϱдһʱ֡ꡣ
ǼӾȻγݵסǺϮγ嶼֮ڡ
ħڵĶˣ֮ҲļףħڵĿܣôμħйϵ˵ĵڶħڵĿܣߺ˲ˡ
ӵİγݲںºһ
һŵ̫ǿˣǱڲȻʼϸ΢ơ
棬ڲпյģԺܵĿռӹ˺ܶ࣬ûɿռݡ
ߺһЦûӱֱ˫ֺݺݵ»ȥһֳˮ͵رŽ
ɹӿȥһ޴İԲֱʮף÷϶γݸոմӡ
һ֣ӵĵˮǱԲ֮С
ģǿİԲ֮гˮЩˮһϰԲͻɱڸߺġʵ̫䡣
ߺС֣ϿŹңʲô֮УγݷĺС
ߺ΢΢һЦߵǰַ棬Щ˿˿뵽ߺڡ
󣬱γݵıһףֱ׵ı
ߺʹȫӽ˻ûгˮ֮С
һЩˮ˱
ͷų޾ı⣬Ȼʼѩߺطͬĵӵɽ֮ϣı⡣
ƥ͹ԹԵĴڵ°ɣڲĿռޣϣʱ㲻ҪϢУҿǼֵӵܹס೤ʱܱ㣬Աִ㹻ʳĻôϲ㣬㽫Զڴˣ
ߺ˵߳Ǹ֣漴һ֣һɫķֳ
һָ֮д˼֡
˴ӡһ׼Ķ롣дߺ
Ŀһ棬ߺ֪ʹǿ󣬲ͻƵĻºѳˡ
ߺسɴ磬һȥȴϵϲ
ո˵ллγݲ˵ѣ˻֮ʱԱһ˿µ
ԣڵıѾͻˣﵽɵĿ̶ֲȡ
һ˱һԣǱ⡣
ǹԵˮҲǷˮǽˮ
ɱĵˣȫñԷ
ֻҪȵ˵еĴߣԶı
ȵٳʱѾ˷ǣҪȻԶҲҪ޾Ĺ¼š
Ӵˣʶ֮һ澰û¶ȱ任ļֻԶĶ죬ͲҾ徵ŭ
Ҫȥʱ򣬺Ȼŵߺ֣Һ龳µ߸޷룬űĽơ
Զﴫ˵еĸߺʲôѹ
ֻҪõıͻΪ͸ߺһţưԴ½
ȻͳΪһأ˵뵽еĺ߶ûٳӷִͻᷢźܶӰ
ȫǲһϳһʽ괳صĺߡ

ЩǺ󻰣Ҳᡣ
ߺӽֻһص˻ʳǻʹ֮ǰۿսʱֻʣ¸ߺԼûлˡ
ȴ½ԭʬ壬ǸͲ֪ȥ򣬾칫һɨķȣ˺ۡ
ˣߺǰʼˡ
š˵ͷ
ԭڿս֮ǰͷΧЩԾԶʹȻĸصߣĸء
û߱ˣԹȥˡ
֪֮˵ǿ˫ӥҲ棬ٶȿȺǿ
ϾħĻ궼ֲĴڡ
ԣս˰Сʱߺɱ˾ʣһˣǾ˫ӥ
˫ӥṦߣһͷãϾˡ
쿴׷ˣû׷ǻˡ
ʱսʱֻʣ½ԭ뾰죬ĸڴսȴΨ˸ߺ
ϵƣ֪ãټ;춼ǲ£ܾˡ
һУ֮زز
ߣ½ԭҲû˼սߡ
ʲôǿʵߣߣɱˣϾǺǿߣֻˡ


264 ǰ
ʵߺʱ򣬸ߺصһЦո˵ıָ˵һ£Ұѽ˵һ¡
˷׷Ĵָ̫ݶˣ
ߺԵãҪҪһ£ܲģ
֣ˣĸоǻܲ𰡣
ˣߺȻعͷ֣磺ǰ֣˵½һѧԺ֮¼ŵĴڣȴֻҵһѧԺѧԺģ
֣˼һѧԺֻ˵Ǿȴֻ֪֪ǵȷڵģѧ½ҵʿ
ߺͣԺ󻹺Σհ½ԭһȥѧԺȻᣬ㶫ɽˡ
ǰ⼸һô죿һϣָ½Ӣܣ½мԱ
θߺߵ½ǰǰҪЮ̶޸㣬𣿡
½ڶɵˣʶĵ˵ͷ뵽ԣ͵ҡͷǸߺȴĹĻᡣ
һڣǵߡ
ǽűˣȻȡûʧȥ֪ʱ򣬸ߺԱ˵ҵŮˣòҪ±Ҫס
½ҽУһ벽ӼڸߺǰһСһ㣬ɸߺɱˡ
ЦҪ˵벽ӼˣĺߣڸߺҲһ֮С
󣬸ߺָǱ˲ķѣ½ʬҲķˡ
仰϶ܿĵģ˾ͽߵ½ʬǰŸߺ˵
ߺ̾һڶδ꣬ҲʱٵȵȰɣ
˾ͽ̵ȷкøУ˵½Լ׵ʱŭ֪޷εġ
ߺ֪ԼΪ˾ͽҵеŭΪ˸ұ˾ͽ̼˶ŭ
ǣڸߺĸծЩˡ
Ʈ־ӯӯټһ˾ͽ̣ڸߺһŮϵͷۡ
½һûкˣԽ鵹ʮּ򵥡
½һӵһɴȴȵʮ֮
֮ڻʵԺ׷ױǲͻȥԼԼ
Щй½ӢõȫЩ½Ҳȫ
ʱʶٴңǿЩ̰ѹǵ˱
˵֣ЩĴսһƽټ֣Ҷ浹ҲûгʲôӵܣѹҲӮһƬȲʡ
Ǳ棬Щȥֵֻˡ
Ӵ˿Կ֣ҽзȷġ
һ£ǳصǲôңɲⱡ
˻ʼҵر˼ҵİ֣һʱҲǽͷö
ƵعˣǳɹȥǿߣȻٹܹ
ȻɽׯǬ뾲ڶӲܵģʱ򷴵Ѱˡ
ߺǲȥֽڣȰл֣һȫƽ˵
˼һ⣬׳Ǹ߼ҡ
ø߼ҽԱȫǨƵʳǣ֣ҡ
׳һΪǿĸ߼ӵܣӴ˰׳ǾǸߺķ֧֮һ
ߺûþߣҪ
ʮֲ⣬ߺ˵Ҫдһ£˵˭ʵʤһҪ
ôԱȻӦˣڶ죬ߺʱ֪Լϵˡ
ߺ֣裬Լžһǰ¡
֣ձȥţߺûͬ⣬СھӦ罺ʱ򣬸ߺôܰأ

Сӣǵȥģ·ϣʵ̲סˣȻһ·ϾɫǳˣڻԼǧ¹ء
֣Ͼ뾰첻ϤҾΪ˴֮һԾǳ𾴡
ѯʣ֣һЦģ˵֣Ҫͬȫ뽫еȫոߵõλҵϿɣ
ôȻʵǿѣԸԶԸߺĴ㻹ʮֲ
θߺѻͷӹǰһߴңУ֣ҳ⣬Ѿױˣ˾ͽԼˣô˵Ѿȥĸˡ
ϹȶμѾûкǿߵ棬ֻʣһǶѣҲΪ壬ֻʣ½𣿡첻Ǳˣ΢һ˼е鶼ˡ
㿴ҺͽĹϵԴȥ߳ӣ˵
ߺҡҡָԷͬĻٳҲ٣
ҡҡ֣Բܹ֣Щ㲻Ȳ˵죬潣ʵѾ۷壬ԶǶγְӿɱȵġ
˵죬û֮ɭʱʵȫԱһĺǿߣټϺһ۷Ľ࣬ĵܵܽΣΪӦǺأ
ߺ󵭵ĵ˵ͷ;ýЩˣû뵽Ѿǿ̶ֳˣʵȫԵڶɣ
ǰ˵һҲΪΪĵ߲ܵܽų̶ȼʹǽҲ̾磡
ֱһ֣Ѿȫղˣ
ܣǻֻ񲻱ɣ֣赣ĵ˵
ߺ֪ʵʹһҲΪֵ֣ǣΪʲôƫƫҪϾɽ϶ȡһأ
ĶǺӰ֣ڻʹǣģһ·ʮֵĿ졣
һ·У棬ߺǺӰٶ˵ʮֿˡ
ңʶĵλЩƫԣ̫Զ
֮󣬸ߺɽ
ߺǰһƵɽܲûĸߵɽֻһɽߡ
ңԶԵҲϤˡ
ߺɽȥ
ɣǴ֣ģߺسɴ뾰ֻ첻ɽ·᫣Ժ;ٶȵҲǲࡣ
ߵɽʱмסȥ·
վס˽ң˭
ÿһ˶Żصʵ屦
ߺһǿŵľȻǻ澳磬⽣ҵʵҲ̫ǿһЩɣ
ʲôݣǣ֣޵ǰݷãϣ󿪷֮ţ
ԴԶɽϻƣֻһĹɽϾʹ
ңֵǰݷãҽԣЩһ˱һأ
ŽֻһӰǵǰ
һԽĴš
һθߺȽԶûп壬θ߿ˡ
һɫĽɵĳչȻ׵ĳȣʼʱ˺ܶࡣ
ÿһȶȳķ磬ռ
һ¸ߺˣֻؼȶȻԽռ˺ѣ
ߺ˼⣺ԼܹΪߣȻ²ǽĶ֡
ҿʵôǿڿɵв㰡װֵĿŽ졣


265 ѡ
ֻһЦгɽָһɫĽâ²ռҲ˺롣
ߺĸоǺ龳ʵԱȾΪҪ߳һЩҲԵøʵ
ߺȷ֮ɭýɵЧ
첢ûг֣ǿ˸ߺһϴƮһСһ
ļԺܺãµȻǵʱߺֻһ۵ߡ
ߺû˵˵ˣûûƮںҵλͬһǺĵŶ
˵ŻգգۣҪԵĻ㻹ɣһսҲŶ
Ŷĵӣ½ҲھþˣһĵʮܺһеģӦ˵һûвŶԡ
ξȴ˵ҲһһµĶ֣ô˵Թ𣿡
ûУҿȷʵһŶ
ջ󽣾죬ǽȴôҲϵˣҿ۸ȽϺһЩ
㡭Աߺݺݵ
ǰǽ죬Ҽӣ
ߺҲʧˣ˵Ǹߺ
Ļû˵˵ߺǲǱߺأ
ߺ˵ͷߺͷˣ㣬˵֮ǰֻǻصΪû뵽㲻һȻأνţ
ߺһǷֻһѣ
˰֣Ҳʵһ֣ڳΪǿ֮ǰ˭ûһش˵ˣſԲϵʵ߼
ߺûκۣǲ˵Ľһϻһ㣺ҵǸܵܰصҾ˵ǿ󡭡
˵ʲôһһᳬģڿȫǳ˵ΰⶼˣڵҲֻǸոյضѡ
ߺ΢΢һЦҲǿˣֻҶѣǲǰ֣
˵ţߺ˽ĺ棬ֻ콥˹ҧе˵ߺղ˵ʲôţ
ߺЦɣһδдһΣ
СŸߺһЩָ㵱ɵǻأǻأôܴùأ
ʱߺ컹нͬʱУһأ
첻˼Ŀ˸ߺһۣǶүүȫܾģҲûεģ
ãˣһΣ˺ͽ൹мƣü֮ȴһ˿ŵ
ߺһǷ¸ߺǰ
ãŶԭǸߺһ治֪ΰ˵ţ˾еĽ
ǱߣָĽʾһֱͨĿľҲǿľһڿľһ㡣
ʺãߺԸоҲʧ񣺡ãǰ̫ˣôĶأ
ãλ˭أת֣裬˵
֣סˣû뵽ҵĽξȻôǺΪ
ΪôĶԴ֣ܳã֣ҵġ
θûͿ죺ãСң𣿡
Цһ£ûûûµģԲ԰죡
Ŀ죬·㽣ʮֿµ顣
һָ֮
Բۣթܲеֵ꣡ңŭ
û˵ָҪȽǮ
áҧҧεͬˡ
ʮ⣺үүȷҪʱ򣬹غҽҵ˥Ҫȥ̫үүأ
˵̫үүεɫһ±ѿãԭӰĲˡ
˵꣬һʧڸߺ˵ǰֱسɴ硣
ߺ֣󺹲ֹôоˣأߺ˵
˵εĿͷãۿ˭˵仰
ǿ棬
ÿοζ˳˵ãҲʮ֡۰εģÿν˵仰ᱻúõýš۰һ
ôһ䣺ײ࣡
ԣʮֿ־彣ģֱͺèһܡ
ŸߺɽһɽׯʱѾſڵȴˡ
ңЩûأôпǰ죬˵ˡ
ǰרݷ㣬йģҲϾǽүү
ߣүү
൭ĵ˵ͷߺˣǸߺϴϷ˵ҪпңôöΪأס
ȻעӵߺΪɫ죺Ѿﻯ۷һŰ
ߺ˹֣ݼǰӦǰ飬ȻǣЩһֱæ޷ǰǰ£
УСһ֣ҵ˭˭˭ɣת֣衣
֣죬˭˭˭Ǽ˼ǰ֣ҵ֣裡
ˣүүȲҪ˵ˣǸϿȥɣÿվɣ˵
һЦϷϺͿˣ
һ·ߵм˿ߺ뾰죬æߵǰңʦ֡ߺʦ֡
ߺͣס˿ˣһаˣǵķȴǽҵķΣƮڵġ
ǣߺĵ
ʦڱʱ򣬽ϼ˵ôһǷǵһƮڿѡˣнǼƮĵӣ
һŸߺ˵Ÿߺʦֳɹȡ˺ĵӣλʦֵܶʦָأ
ߺ˵ͷлص˴󲿷֣صˡ
ǺúԺЧƮڣҪ϶ǵһƬϣ
Ǽ֮ʥѵһ㣬ֱͦӣǣʦ
󣬼˱ȥ
ҵĴ̫󣬾ͨСʮֵء
ո˵СҲΪĵˣô˵ĹӼıһμˣλϣԸߺȤܸߡ
Ҫ֪ʱ䣬Է߸磬ٶȼֱһ죬һһٶȡ
ߺֵĿ˽һۣӱ
쿴˸ߺһۣʽӼʱͬʱҲǺѡ
ˣߺûвμ֪Ȼ
΢ЦĵͽɣϾ⾭飡
ã˵ˣӼҲбģÿͻһαԣʱṫӼǰģȥԣ
ԭӼ÷ţÿһα䣬ʱҪùӳƺŵ˾ͻһͬȥĳнбԡ


266 ͬ
Եǰʮս˴ӵȫ֮ģûսȫ
󣬹ѡս֮󣬾Ǻѡս˴ӿսɹĿԻúƺš
ȻǹӼսǺս
ߺ֮Ȼĵ˵ͷ¶һ˿΢ЦԭҲصȥǣһһˣأ
죬뽣඼Ϊߺ˵ǰ˴أûԵ̫ȡ
ǸߺԼֻ֪սӼˣս
֮ǰս˴ӡ
ߺڵʵûдܺʵΪô꣬ЩĸѾ֪öǿˡ
ĴֻͣнǰԻ۷ΪѡϵģǺ龳硣
꣬Ϊﵽ˺龳磬ʵһɱ
ԼڵΪһǶԷĶ֣²Ҫ֣ңҪʹԼΪǰ
ߺĬĬ߶֣򲻹Щ˵˵Ӽ̫ˡ
ǰʵ֣뽣֣̲סˣվԽ˵
ţֵĿ
֣轫Щ˽࣬˵֣ڻСͽҽˣ֪ǰܷһ¡
һ£˼Դӽҽһһ򲻲Ȩ֣Ҫ󣬽һʱ֮Ҳ֪ôش
飬ҿбҪʾһ档˼˰죬໹ûа취κξ֣˵
󣬽żĺȥ
ҵԺӺܴҿ˲ʲôߣԵҲǺ
ҵ˵ǲ࣬˵ȻڴߣԹ˺١
ټϽѡʮϸ񣬲ʣڲܣǻۣƷҲкܸߵҪЩҵĵӲǺܶࡣ
棬һ䲻̫ǰͣǰ档
ףʾ๧˵
洫һϵడʲôԼͺˣˣ
ǣĺҪཫղ֣˵ĻֶԽ˵һ䡣
һŽŲ
֨ѽѽ
ľŴ򿪣һٵ˳ʮֵͣһ㶼ý߸еģ
ţ࣬ҽҵжӣʵ
ʣ̾˵ڽұҵӣһʮˣҵӣʮˣƮˣڣһʮ˰ɣ
ߺüͷһ壺һȵһĽңȻֻʮˣ𺳰
׷᣺ԭʲô
һ£ĵλòУٵǰټϽѡӵʮֵϸԻû
ʲôô˵̫үү˼ǡ
˽йʲôŽ˵
תͷŽ㸸׻̹
Ǵ֧Сո˵һ䣬뽣ݺݵĵһۣһ̵ˡ
ǺһЦȥжɣһȥУ֪ʲôʱҵأ
˵ţ챳һԽ˫һģԶȥ
ٶȿǣֱûа취Ƚϡ
󣬽˿ߺţǸߺһǰֻܸǿأ
ߺһЦǰ佱ˣ
˵һֽ߾𣿡ֱ⡣
һ£ߺһ£֪ǰʲôָ𣿡
һЦҽ߾ˣ㿴ɣ֪ʲộָ
ߺ֣󣬷׷һʲô߾
֣ҵ߾ֻߺһ˿ߺȻȣȷǾܳƮڵġ
Ҳ˵⽣ͻ߾
һһؿľɵϣϿľһ̣Ȼˡ
·ŵһʲôľ
ν
ŽеĿľһһڿг֣һ㻮
һߺİ߾еİν
󣬽ʩչƽؽ
ǣֻֽѣûиߺеĲؽýһֽ޽Ҳὣ
ôֻֽߺѯʵ
һЦ߾׸߼ĵһǰνڶʱƽǻýĽʱؽ彣޽
ߺţ𽥾ԭ߾߾
󣬸ߺԼĽˢһ顣˵ֻаνƽ޽ؽֽǶԵģҺ̫
ߺûдʣΪרнǸΪרб⡣
˼ǣҪߺ޽Ϊлߺһý
ߺ˰֣ܾˣһ㣬ҲҪʲôֻҪ֣ͬһҸ߼ҽˣΣ
ʮʹĴӦˣֻҪܹ߾ôҵ۷ʱ̾ˣ˵Ҳûʲô
ߺѯһ֣裬ͬ⡣
Ͼһֻ˽Ľһļ壬ǻ㲻ˡ
ڸߺҲǣʮֵģߺʶȻ۸ǣĳңȫûа취ˡ
ϾڼҴţ߼Ұɡ
˽ҾͲһˣҵĽǺصľ磬Ǻ۷Ϊ
ʶڸ߼˵аһ
ʱ˲ʮӣȻˣ滹һߡ
ڽǰݼүүݼס
壬ˣǽҼ˵ĵܵܣ塣
Ϊһؾ磬͸ߺһһͷš
ֹʮӣԶһ˴Ž
ǽҼˣˣֲƽƽ
ҺãöӣֵҲûйϣ
һȳ춯أһ֣ɳգһɣ
ǰһ˰ݣȻ󣬽Ϊܸߺ֣衣
֣ҵʽͽҵȨ˼˵Ȼ롣
˿˵ͷҲͬ⣬ѭߺӦ͸߼һ֣ͬˡ
֣뼸˲μ֣֮ͳȫʦᡣ
ͬˣýȥָ˵ȻѾˣôȥһæƽһɣ
Ȼ̫⣬ûа취ĵ˵ͷҺãжμγݣô˵һŴ£ַμҡ
һļͬ˵ϣܳɹɣ
ʲô˼ʵ
ʱ򣬸ߺ˵˵μĻͲôԶˣھڻʳ֮⡣


267 ֽڰܱ
˵ߺγݸˣҺõģ˴һ
Ʈʱ䵽˰п
ǶŸߺ棬㲻ô򵥣˵û
ߺһۣڲĶ֣ʵǿ󣡡
ϣڵĸߺԲԼĶ֣ոߺֽٶȣ֪ʲôʱԼͻᱻȫĳԽȥ

֣뽣̸һ½ҽʱ䣬Ҫȵȡ
֣ҲΪָƵˣȻǺߣȴ̬ͽּۻۡ
ҲϵʲôҪϸߺˣ뾰챻Ųιһ½ҡ
ߺ֣лһЩˣ˵Ļҵгһˡ
˵ȻЩ߻֮࣬лʮƮĵӡ

ֱڶ磬ǲ̸ꡣ
ҵǣ
һ֣ұΪҽ츮լڻʳбȽϷĵش
֣ұ⽣һЩְȻһЩûˡ
֣ұ뱣֤˺ӵܣʹӵܷ˴ҲɽԼͷλɱͷ
ģ֣ұͬ⽣յӡ
֣Ҳ
ұԼǹҵһԱҵӳ֮󣬱ѡȥر߹ؼꡣ
ұ֣һģԲԱ֣ҡ
ҵĵӲڻʳ֮кΪ
ȻˣĲܵʱܵᡣ
ߺԴʹˣǵ˼Щߺ˲ˣ¹治̫ʺԼԼǹԹԵɡ

ڶ죬ͳˣθߺȼźӰȴȥˡ
ǱȥģŵĻн죬˵Žȥһսȥһɱ¾ĸо
һˣǽĶ壬塣
˴ȥһǴҲμʦᣬΪָΪڽңֻнܹĸá
˴λȥֻ˽죬ô˵ڸʦǰϵˡ
֣ΪԪ˧˴ʦ᲻ô򵥣ҪǶţƵۡ
ߺʱ򣬸߼ѾˣǸ߼ңֽڶˣ֣ס˺ܳһʱˡ
ڵ֣˸߼ң˵ڵ֣ѾĻˡ
ߺûȻظ߼ңȥ˻ʹ
ڵĻʹνɭϣѲߵʿǰûսرˣսʿ
ǻɱƷ½ҵȨûʿսǺܴ
ߺ󲿷ʿʶߺûиҶĿŸߺ
ߺһսеıʿʮֵȡһšսߺ
ߺһ·ʹ˳á
Ǹߺһνʹ;һ·羰ǵ˲ٵʱ䣬û˸ô
֮ϣ̻ԻͣһΣ֣Ҽ֣档
ϡϡļ󲿷ֶ佫кٵļĳ
Ͼ֣Ԫ˧ԴȻȫ佫
Ǽĳ˾ͽҵĵ𣬲ھ˳֣ˡ
ߺ˻ʱϳߺҲǶӣȻͨ涼ͨ棬ֱӴ˳á
е˶ĿŸߺڻλ֣壬ʮΣŸߺ֪˵ʲôá
Ȼ󣬺Ȼһһ㶣֣ס
ʲôΪϵ⼸
Ÿߺǽ뾰죬쿴һ£ɵɵĺǺһЦԲ𣬽ˣֳȥˡ
һ춼ŽȥˣȻ޷˵ĽˣȻԱߵֱЦ
Ŀ۴Ŀ֪ʲôˣȻǺǺɵЦˡ
ߺ뽣Ŀܣ󽣾һ仰˲㵹ڵϣǺã
ϵ֣סˣɿߺǰ⣡
ߺĿ֣壬Աһ佫ʱսʶߺԱСĶԸߺ
ˣּ
ߺĿһۣҲģ
֣֪ߺˣңߺȻԼĶѣڵʵϾǺǿߣûиߺ֣ͱˣĻôϻλأ
ˣ޷ΪһֲƷкͬȨͬһ㣡޲񡣡֣
Աߵһ̫Ϳʼ̣һ̫˸ߺһүĴӡ
ߺ˵ͷлˣ
ߺĽ죺ǽҵĽ죬ĺ֮һĽ
˵ӰΪһǿˣе˶Ŀ㽵Ŀ⡣
֣Ҳһߺȥ뽣ҽˣԼãû뵽ߺˣҴ
úúãң޷Ϊҹһͣ޲ڱְλڲǼ޻治ã
ϾǴҳˣȻƱȽϲһ񣬲Ȼ˼ҷԼˣллôС
΢л£
ˣʱôɣʦᣬһһ۹ͣ˳֣ڼԼĶѯһ
ߺ˵ͷ滹ôһȡ
ߺŽ˵֣޴ȥȥҸϣǺΣ
ǾͶлֵˣ
룡룡
˳ȥˣֱ߼ҡ
ڵĸߺǷȣ֣ʳҵڶңһ½ҡ
ԣҲǽڻʼҵģߺס档
֣Ҿ߶ûаߣһЩ˷θ߼ҡ
ߺ֮ĸĸȻָˣԼĶʵͣܲ
ߺʱֽء
ߺ˷ܵվϲ磬һ¿˴ˣľͣһԾΪӡ
򽣾죬һסˣ죡
㿴Ҳƣţ쿴ֽҲ˼
ֽڰһЦȻϴ˵еĽҪһˣ޻ڣ
ҲֽһͣʹĴӦˣ֮䣬Ȼǵ뷨ߺǲܹ㡣
ڽ͵ҫϣЩһսԲԴǡ
ԴӸߺһֱڸߺߣͬĻѩ죬ڸߺĺ粽롣
ߺԺȥ֣ĺ԰ǰ滹м԰
ԴӸ߼סԺ԰ͱֳߺˡ
ں԰滹мµĸ¥ǶߺѶǳˣôʧء
ԾߺõĵطΪ߼ҽء
֮й涨ֻѩܹ룬˾ͷҲ뾭֮֡
ǲѩģԸߺӰ룬ֻ֮ôӦˡ
ȻҪĻм˿ԽȥǾ˾ͽ̣֣ջ־
ԴӸ߼֮˾ͽ̿˵طȸߺˡ
ֱסڸߺļУ֥ôǵĹһôϲԼĶӣȻϲʤ


268 ʦ
ߺĺ԰·ֽ뽣ս
ǣ˿ֽڵȷʵʮֵǱֳֽڵϣĴŴ
ڰУȷΪ̫ˣֻҪǿһ㣬սӦûʲô⡣
ߺ֪ǽˣĲ̫ˡ
ڵֻֽسڵΪĽȴǺ龳ߡ
ոյսȫһ浹ľơ
ֽóĺϽγһɫĽƿ򽣾ȥ
ߺΪ˷ֹռ䣬Ūһ֣ǵսȫǸĵСϽеġ
ĺϽһռ𶯣ݣŽ·ռȫ֡
ǽǰһͽԼ档
ǽγɵĺɫʮֵļӲĺϽȻ޷ƿķǵɫĽǶԳĺռƬƬݣڽһԳϵˡ
ĺϽҲԸԳĹ뽣棬ȴסˡ
󽣾ۣǿֻǣʵǷȱ
ǰڵֽӦڵڵӦֻе
ߺЩڸߺļǱһ
ȼ뿪սʱ򣬸ոսǸˮĵСѾˣӴ˹ҲûĵֻһƬˮ
ţߺһҽӴ˽ˣǺһصľ磬ֱ߽֮һʣŸ߽˴ϥ̸дһ
ģ˯ˡ
ߺҲ˯˾ͽ˵Ҫһȥսϱ
ߺͬ⣬ˣֹ֣֥
ֻܼ֥˵һ仰ϱںأΪӾӦĬĬ֧
֥Ļܹãո˵꣬˾ͽ̾ͳĬˣͨ죬ɬһҲ󷽣ֱסڸ߸ˡ
ȻסǸ߼ҵĿͷܺ͸ߺסһġ
һҹߡ
ڶ죬߼ȫĺ磬ҵļˡ
ʮ֮У֣Ҳϵţټϸ߼˾ͽҵ˽ʳڵıѾʮˡ
֣ı˵ָʳǵıʮ
ʦᣬҲͬڻʳ֮неģʿȫǰɫס
ͬѩһɫҫڴϣͬڴ֮ϸŵѩ
ÿһλãʿĴڣڵʢ¹һĻ
֣һ˵ȣʹĳ֮ϣ棬ʳ֮еÿһ񶼳ۿǰԪ˧ڵĵ
½̰ι޷ݺҳ֣ȡ֮ۻ֣ҼȻѾϻλ̳дͳԺͻƴǵΪΡ
֣֮˵˺ܶ໰޷շģպøУ̻Ȩ֮Ļ˵ˮƽʵǲô
Ͼ֣Ԫ˧ô޵˵ô᲻Ļء
ڣҾոµĹңҪոµòڴҵǰڸĹΪѩԺѩ֮
֣˵ȡ˹ţҪΪ˸лߺ޲ܳɹ뷷ߺΪһֲȨͬޣһֲҪͬһ𾴣
Ⱥ꣬һֲ꣬꣬һֲꡭ
뷷⣬֣Ϊ̫ϻʣ뷷⣬֣Ϊ̫ӣԴ뷷⣬Ϊѩһ
֣˵ʱǻȻһƬʲôһ֣죡
ѩһ㣬ȻĻᱻΪҵġ
û£˵бߺˣһ飬ΪѰյģǣˣȴҲ˵֮ˡ
ȣѩĴңһ֣ңڶ߼ң˾ͽңģҡ⼸Ҳǰ󣬾ǵһң֣
뷷⣬߼Ҽ߽ΪһƷϣ˾ͽң˾ͽΪһƷԪ˧ҼΪһƷ֡
뷷⣬ʺľˣ뷷⣬֣Ϊ󽫾뷷⣬Ϊ󽫾ˡ
֣˵뷷⵹ûʲô⣬߽ΪߺĸףͬȻǹˡ
˾ͽȻ˾ͽҼΪ̫ͣҲͣȻԪ˧һְҼǵһߣǵһ֡
ţ뷷˺ܶԱߺû˯
Ȼ֣ѩʿףһɶǰɫɫģ沿ǰɫģ͵ϮǺɫġ
Ȼ֮Ҫӡѩ״ĸѩԸߺ˵ˡ
֣ţߺעȨƵˣĿļ£Բŷ£ߺ
˭Ҳ֪һ֮ǰһССһߣôεʱܹ۷壬ʵȻôﵽǿĵز
㹻ʱ䣬֪󣬸ߺܹʲôĸ߶ȡ
ֻ֪ߺΪԽߣ֣ҾԽкô
֮УѩԺĽʽֵ濴ȥҪѩӣʳм䰲õǸߺ죬ĵԺ˭Թشףɵ񣬷ڻʳģ
ѩʳԺ󱻳Ϊڿʼˡ
һֲʹ󽫾ȥѩԱƽңѩһ죬ʹԪ˧ȥϺԶƽң
ţ֣˵һЩܶʿߺ˵ĻȻ˵ʵпĵƶȣȻѡĹ١
磬Ĺٵò󣬵ңʵߵȵȣûĹǲеġ
ң֣ԺǲҪǲһĹ٣һߣศɣҪĹٵİȫ
ĹĻǸҲҲᱻ̡
ߺ뽣˻ȥˣڽڱ棬츮լ֣մ󽫾ڹ˼ԭַ
󣬺ҵԭַǱ֣嶨Ϊѧãѧòѧϰģѧϰĵġ
Ҳ˵Ӵ֮Ҫͷأֻһ·Ҳһѡ
죬ߺȥ˻ʹڱ֮ڣеĲ͹ȫѣȫɻʼ֧
ʹ֮ڣѩ칦硣
ߺ뽣˶ԾƵ裬Ʊյȵĺòˡ
ҺãߺߣֻҪһ˹ͻѾơ
ߺ˻ȥʱǳѾ˹ȥ
ߺۣȻҲǻʵרõĽɫģֻϴĲ
ƽɫۣƽɫĳڣŵŻƽɫѥ
һȫŽɫͷڣŵųѥ
󽫾֣մŵǰɫĿףŵѩɵ
˾ͽĳ֣յһģһһǣ˾ͽĿǺɫģҲѩɵ
ܹɽҹƵģΪľǸߺ˳á
γƽңһҪʾƹڵĹţģ׵ȵȡ
ߺ˵ڶûзϻÿһӴʿͳˡ


269 ˷ˣı
ƺƵĳˣθߺ˵ҪƽȫԲںȥȥĴ̡
ЩҲֻǶԸߺ˵˵ˣҪ˵ģĿ˵ƶȵġ
ߺ֣һе˿ʼԶȥƺƵ
ѩ֮ڣССɽʤʮ֮ڣ½֣ҵսѩڻޱȡ
ִСС˵Ᵽټ֮ǰ½ģ˵Ҷˮ֮С

磬ҪֵǺúˬһ£ŪŮˣ֮ǰģȫֵʮһˣѩһС·ϣһ֧ӺƺƵš
֧Ȼ֮࣬ͷ֮˱ͷۣȫ㣬һ֪ӣ翸׳д󵶡
ǺЩ׵˸ƳŶһЩŮʹధ
ã½ǺģȻŽɽ֣ҳ֣Щʿֻܱˣ֣ҵʿ׼һٽʳǣˣ
Ǹͷ۵˹ЦЦһ㡣
ʱǰȻ˲˵Ķ飬½½ĵǰ㽫еŮʳ£ҿһ
Ǹͷ۵ԭ˽ԼֺȻͣסˣ˫һǰȥԭͯô㻹û
ɶͽһȺֵܣǴҽǿû뵽ºֽ󵱼ɱˣ㿴ֵΪʲôˣ޳ܵСˡǸͯ޺޵ĵ
ٺЦΣƾʮˣսĺܵģɣҵģҪ˳ңǶң
ޣҪ⣬˳㣬аɣǸͯһʹӱһ֧ǹ˳
һǹڿγһı졣
ٺһЦ˫һʹϷŹ϶
룡ͯǹӭʵǸǿһ֡
صľ磬ֻͯ۷壬һ磬ټռơ
ԣõһͯʮಽһȥĲ֮ϡ
Σڿǿǣ˵أӸµ˵
룬ɱңգգ۾ֵͯдͯҧгݵ˵
ٺ٣ǽͯҲܲͯʱһȻԱߴ˹
һƽۣͷͷڣŵŽɫѥϵһɫĶ˧Ӻڰ
Ա߸һƯŮŮûʲô飬˫пնģò˵ЩɽһӶû˺ÿŮӡ
Ůһȫ´Ķѩɫ·ǻƽ۵Ӵ粽롣
˭˫ۺݺݵĹһŮӣȻ̿ˮꡣ
ͯסˣƽͷڣ겻ʮߣѩһֲߺµһħѩ
ߺĿһۣô֪ôôģ
ͯң˵ѩ֣ҽߺΪһֲʵӵͬȨ򽣾ΪѩһǶ˴Ŵ󽫾֣գԪ˧˾ͽƽѩֻû뵽ôǾ͵ˣǶϵֻ޻
Ƕѩ壬٩٩̸ǿѩһɲǣ͵һ飺µڶѩɱ֮ʬûһ˿ѪҺ·𱻳Ƶģ
ңôģͣԷ
˵꣬ͯ־ĶɲΡΡվ𣺡޺ֻҪ㽫ǱߵЩͽɱˣֺͯξ壡
һ˵ţͯԼǹ׼Լؿڣɱ
˵ţԼؿڴȥǵǹͷͿҪؿڵʱȻͣסˣ־ķԼҲ޷ˡ
ߺ΢ЦĿ㵹ɱǲҾʹ˰ѩ
ѩߺ˵һͯȥ˫ô񣬲еĵѾ졣
ͷһһԲȴԵøӵ졣
ѩһԼͯʹı۾̿ˡɻ֪һû뵽ȴӦѩһֲϣͯҲ޺ˣ
һĽͯˣԼȻܶˣæͷۿֻոҪӴܵ彥ĵȥڿٵĸɱǿ־ģҲʧˡ
ѩĺãͯҿԲѩЩ֮ͽЩǱΣɽΪܣͿˣߺͯԱߣ˵
ͯʼûзӳ˹ѩʱɱ̼˹
ү˵ҿԲɽկ֮еˣֻҪ񼫵Ķ𣿡ͯ㶵˵Щɵ
Ǹ㲻ߺҪʲôˣҪ˵ɱԼˣο໹ҪȵأҪ˵ɱĻôҪʲôأ
ȥɽկУеŮӶˣڲȫ黹ȥߺһ֣ѩͦ𣿡
ѩǸޱף˵ͷŲ֪νͯЩǿǰ
ÿָͯһʱѩԥĳǰȥһ֮նɱ
ߺ¶һ˿΢Цعںڰ֮Уѩ֮󣬽ЩɽģֻҪǸߣһɱ⣡
ߺһţһ˵ϣ鷳տһ£ͯǲδȻĻ͡ߺһĨӵĶ
ǣУȻ֣һʧ
֣ߵǰ磬Ϊʲôɴɱǲ𣿡
ߺҡҡͷȫѩɽȫԱѩıҪ࣬ǴǻȥˣԲΪܣȫɱˣѩһʧ
ǸΣ֣ʵ
⼸죬Ҳɱ˼ɽǴ඼һЩ޳֮ͽ룬ЩδΪѩЧҲһ飡ߺ߱˵
ңԺ϶Ҫƹ𣬶Բԣռƹ֮ȱٱЩǣֻҪһЩĹĸ֣Ϳˣ
֣պٺһЦǺ㿴ʲʺǸأ
һԾԾԤԵģߺҡҡͷߣԶأƢֺʣһĸ֣ԶԶ
֣ᣬߺ˵ĻֲҲֻò죺˵˭ʣҿҲûкʵˣ
ߺ˫һУҸ߼֮˺ʣǻԽԽǿģһ
ߺ˵ȴ¶ġ
ܣһŬģǸ˵ʦ˵ҪԾһ£Ҳ˴ˡ
ߺûз֮ģʵ۲ʺϸ߼ңǣܹø߼ҳΪһʢò˥ǿңүү֮Щο塣


270 ֮
ھǸطԶĵطѩӪأ⼸Ƶģ״εģʺɫҹ˷֡
ԣЩ˸ûзѩĲӡ
ߺټľ֮Уλ֮ϣһƽɫΣߺǲõģ֣ǿеĽ
֮ϣߺڷϣַαϱĿ
ԼһʱϡϡĴúǼҶײ֮
ӴӪ˽һͷ˵ǹײϣӦǱΧ
үѩϿ£
ԭδѩˣУৣǽԼеıȫʰ
һ͸һƵ˸ߺ棺үܷ
ߺһѩߺʩ󣺡ү֮ͯûзˣȫˣЩŮӣ
ɣߺ˫Ŀ˵
ͯ󣬸ߺ񣺡С˲μһֲ
ô֪ҵϢģߺʵ
ͯĻУߺ֪ˣԭµʱ֣彫ȫˣϽȵõϢ
ңߺĹٷεȣһһ
ѩҲȫˣߺ˵ͷ֣ҴӴԺѩˡ
û֪ͨƵ֮󶥶ҳӣ֪ͨЩ֮ȴͬˡ
Ϊ֪ĻҲԳΪۣҵĶͬǰ׳
֪֮ͨ󣬸ߺţƮھֵ֧ġ
ΪԼڣҲ᲻ͬ⣬ԼʵٶĿá
ǬɽׯңƮڻоڶͬˣǵûжһڱϻӦġ
Ϳǵˣߺ˫ۣҪץٶȽУ
󣬸ߺͯһˣ
ͯһ£вˣ
ߺһͷÿһһӣ׷׽ĲƱŮǲͻȥǵ
ֻ֮ͯÿЦǣС
ȥˣߺһ֣ϣ
үʲôԸǰŸߺʵ
ʮṦߣʵǿĽ죬ǣǸһ춯Ůˣ߶ЩƱǲģģȫɱһ
ߺĵָ·˵һ΢顣
ǣȥ죡˵žȥߺ˵ЩˣҪǷˣȻͲûŻˣ
ǡȥˣߺĿĿĺܼ򵥣̽һǷĸˡ
ûĵĻǾͲÿˣǸˣǻá
µˣɽѩʿҪ࣬ɱˣǶôһʧ
ԣߺӡ
ʱ˺ܳ춼ˣеķҲ˼֣˵ͬƬһܡ
ʱȻ˵үǻˣ
ߺûǽǵĵȥ˶ˣ˼ˣ
ϸ㣺ȥ˶ٰʮˣΪһЩǸڻʣʮˣ
ʮôģߺʵ
ߣһǿַһŮӣ͵͵ĲһЩǲˣ
ߺһ£˵򣬽ǵȫЩˣȻѯһЩԸΪѩЧЩҪؼҵģ

ڶ죬ߺӾ֮гһʵĿ˶ˣ
ߺߣһûߣȫҪΪЧҰķԸǱΪѩͯ죡
ߺһ켸ʺһָͯΪ죬ʵֻ̫ͣǧ򳤣
ӪӿŲͯ϶飬ϵľͲΪˣǻؼɣ
˵꣬ߺҲģ˺ӰͬӰ֣һС
֣գҽ֧ѩΣߺʵ
ֻˣ̫һɣ֣հ˰֣ңҴҴܻԣ
ߺǺһЦû˵
ȷ֣յƢţ˾͵ըը˾͵ƴ˷ǵðһ֧ȫ쵼ը˲С
ϣ֣˾ͽ͸˵Ҫ˾ͽ֮ϵ֣衣
磬ȥĸ򰡣ˣ֣ĵںӰϴ˯
ߺĿһۣСĴϵˤ㣡ˤҲ㣡
У֣ںվϣ㿴˾ͽ뽣죬˼ʲôȥϱߣֱָμϳ˼ҷǵôһʹˣ
ߺĿһۣҪôеĻҲȥˣ
𺮸磬ֻ˵棬μҳϹȣȥģҲ˲Źأ֣µĶںֽڵߡ
ֽЦЦҿ˵Ķԣ㻹ǹȥģ˵μҿкܶ࡮ģ
ߺҲͬнھ͹ˣȥѰҽĲӣϸű㣡
ңҲ񣡡ߺ˵
ʲôҲŲأߣҽˣǴ󽫾ǲߣ֣˵ŷڵϣȻô
ߺ֣յߣһ·Ͻ˷ˣɱ˾ͽĺ⣬һһȫɱھҪϹȥ취ϰʵʩ
ǾԲᷴԸߺڵĸߺѾӵкǿʵֽڵʵԼߣȫǲôģ
˵ţ֣ͬⲻͬ⣬קסĲ죬ڿնϱ߷ȥ
²⣬һȥҸ֣ѿеĹͷϹȶμˣԣһȥϱˡ
磬һô죿ֽʵ
ȥǣߺ˵꣬ǰУֽ˼ǣôԶ߽ôżȥһ£°
˵Ҳڸߺĺ棬һ߲ʲô飬һ˼ͽսһĻ
Դֽʧܺ󣬸ߺڼУû뵽Ը˵ɢɢġ
һ·ϻȴ˺ܶ࣬һֱǿ¼뽣ս
Ͼ̫ˣԷȻжûֻǽԼ޲ߣֱܴ衣

Դ֣췴ÿһоͿʼѩ߾ʮ֮һȻϼҡ
ܶ߾ʼ͸ҪΪԼأϾǷǣ̫ˡ
޵ƤëȣҩеĲƸҲ޷һֱҪռǡ
μңǷ֮ʵǿһңҲǰȴͬˡ
ڵμѾʵˣμҽڣܵλɱӯӯĸףҽӯӯ
˼֮󣬱ѵһТӣû뵽ȴص߱˲佫֮סӯӯһ
ӯӯʶǶн֡


271 
ֶŮĴ֮գ֪ʲô˵ûУǧҪлҰ
ӯӯķڣһ˽Ц˵
ӣ㾹Ȼݺ磬ԼֶŮΪ㻹ʲôģھȻԼֶŮ˳ȥǴ㣡ڷһط
һȫ˩ţЩɼ͵ĺɵģµ߸޷ѿ
ңÿһ죬˸ιҩ֫޷Ѳֻܱ⡣
֪ƮڵĺĵӸߺʶȵֵʱ򣬾ʱΪҵĸױ𣡡ӯӯ涵˵
֮ɫȻ䣬һһף˵ʲôƮڵĺĵӣ
ûϴƮڼɹ˵ģǵĺĵӸߺѸߴﻯأʵǿԺ͹Ӽң
ӯӯ޺޵˵ôһὫʬεģҵĹϵʼеһЩӣϣ
ɫࣺôҪ֪ѾȫǺˣڵ½Ѿˣ˼ҾǷĳ
췴ɹֻ֣ĸǿߣȫԳưһΪһʵۣ뵽ʲôЦ
͹ԹԵļ޸үҲٻμҲɣΣ
˵꣬һˤžͳȥˡ
֮ϣˣ϶Ҵ
һѹһˣӯӯǰĹܼҺϡ
ӯӯʶߺ˫һ˵
Ǹľܼ˫һתôʶߺǵȷߺһ֮ԵߺףߺûдӦ
һ˵ҪС˵ǸѾͷƬһǺ¼޸Ҫ֪ǷأһŹģλ˵ǰɣ
ѯʵصߣֻĿ˺һۣû˵
û˿е¶ţ˸ûμҿС
ҪμҵԭֻЩ޵ƤëȵһЩĶ˵˼洫һҩ
ҩǹҩֻҪ֮ƳɹƵߣջȻסҪľμҵϼηǡ
Ȼ֪ηһὫҩ׸Լģӯӯ
ùһεȻƭȡҩѡӯӯΨһѡˡ
ӯӯ޸ԼĶӣǶ֮֮
ֻҪԼõҩƳɹͿٴƷѩ쵼ΪƬΨһĵ
СȻѾΪߣǲ֪ʵ֣ܹûλǿĸһߡ
ǸߺǿԼſλ
ټϽҵļ룬챻ڳΪ٣Ÿߺһ˿ϵ췴ܳɹ
ȴô˵ģߵ˵ֻҪߺǼһһ
ʮߺ԰ɱߺ
ֻҪߺһôвλҲûУԺˣƱʵ
ֱҪǸİʲô⣬޷˵顣

˻֣ϼһ߰ɣסǾһǮҲߡϼһͺúõһ°ζɣ
ֻΪŹء
ϵĻҲﰲˣԺԥĽȥ
Ҳĺ¸ߺȻ˵ûû£˵Ӱ˭֪ߺ֮
ң˵ңӵʵȫӦصߣҲֻǸոͻƺ龳硣
ߺʵȴң޼Ĵ־塣
һӯӯߺûʲôϵԺԥĽѾûõĺܼҸ˳ȥ
ˣ׼ϼӯӯүպףԸźصЦλΪΣ
˻࿴һۣȻ˵ͷμдģãҵסμѣ
˵ţ˾˳ȥ
˵ܼңǹ˵ģȻδУȴһ·ߣķȥ
˴֮󣬺ȻӲݴ֮дܳ¡
󵨣ѩһֲӪҲҴ˵ţҪںϵĲ֮ϡ
ϴ̾ϧϧС㣬ū㣬޷ܵ߸ߺүūһˣ
ĿģˣȻȥҸߺϣøߺİû뵽
ͣ¡ûµʱһɫĹǱ̱ˣԶѩʡ
μѩˡһѩӣ̹ѩ
ѩûǣո˵ʶߺ
Ϻ˾ǣǷμҵĹܼңһǰߺүй֮Ե
ѩޱ飬ʼںϵĲϣүߡ
С檣ѽС㡭ǿˣ㻹ޣ˵Ҫ֮ڴﵽؾ磬Ȼ޸ߺ㿴˼ҶȢС檶ˡ
ûѩ˵꣬۴߿޻߳
ѩޱ飬˴Լӣ˵־Ͱѵ
ԱߵʿˣȴǶһ·ϵǿˣֻδߺΪ¡
һĳԶǡ
СŮеĺںɫһӣ˱˸ɱʬӾϵĳͻʵ޷ˡ
һĿ־壬Щܶ˵ʵǸ֪߳ٱеĻ½ױűףŮǰЩ͸ֽƵġ
һž
ѩʱһӰȻѩԱߣȴǸߺֽڡ
һָ֣ɫĽȥһ¾ͽɡ
쿴һֽڣ˫ۿʼѪ죬ȫۺ۰ףïܵĳҲɺ죬޷
֮ϣһָϸѪߣҪˣɣ
˵ţָѾֵĳȣʮֵĸɿݣͬһֻצƵġ
һǲ̷ɻУָֽڣ˵ɣô
ֽһ£Ϊʲôָֽźϣ˵ʶ磡
ѩ᣺̫ˣϷ̫
ֽ˺ˣ˵ѣһγҲǵһģ
ŶѩĴӦһʣѩһţҲҿˣֻ·µı鿴ѩ
˭ֽʵ
ֽٻһЩƫ˵
ǺǣǺѩɲҪС۷߶ҪǱǿ£Ϳ־壡
ֽСĵĿһѩ˵


272 ɽׯ
ܼ˴ν£ߺϱĿ񣬵Ķźһ֡
Ͻ֮󣬿ˣʲôʩ
ڸߺıһѩɵİǰΣƽɫģǰڷһŻƽɫӡ
Źӵӣɫ֪ʱڳûУֻһڻϿġ
˵ӣľ̴ģǧ겻겻
ʱֻүߺĻƽƳɵӣֻлʵˡ
ʵ۵ߺЩͬľΣߺȷʵΡ
ǣˣҲûԱϻƽƳɵӣڳΪٵˡ
ǿǴɣı֮
ٿߺĴţɫۣͷڣŵŽɫѥϽһʵ۵Ĵ硣
ĳڣ·ϵ廨ֱĻʵһģһ
⡭״Σֽһѽק˹ȥϡ
Ϲ˰ŷӦȻ˲䵹ڵϣͷʹޣүϿȥСɡ
ߺ΢Цţվ˵
˵ţ񱭣̵ĺһڲˮ
Ͻľ˵֮󣬸ߺһڽˮ˳˵ʲô˱ӯӯףǷˣˡ
ߺҲ״ˣҪ֪
ʳ֮ǰ˾ͽ̱½ףҿԼʱϵҪȻᱧ
ǣû뵽Ǹˣ˸ӯӯ
ɶͣײͣˮǣǰΧߺ֮󣬶ֽ˵ֵܶһɣ
ֽڵ˵ͷߺ˵ץѩֽץϣǵķȥ
ֽҲû˼ߺЦˣ֪ڸߺпʮֵĽģԼڿЦ¸ߺơ
˵ٶȴ֪ģ·ֻ̣һʱ͵ˡ
ίĶˣԼۻ죬һʱͻˣҲ̫ˡ
⻹Ǹߺ§أºˡ
뵽֮󣬼װθ
ûпʼɱǸߺԸɱǣԴӸߺʱ򣬸оһ˿ϤΣյϢ
϶кߣһǰӵĺһ졣
£һԼ֮սʿܹӦֽڣټԱ߻ӯӯүүηǡ
Уʿһţӯӯϻѩ˾ԲӦһʿ
ôǵǰ׼Ȳݾߣ󲿶Ӧһ֮ͻϵ
ڵĸߺбһ·ϸߺո˺ܶɽܹģȫ˶顣
ߺɱһ󲿷֣лǳȡЩġ
;в֣ҹԸѩĳߺնɱЩԼѡһλ¸صĳ
ȻҪЩʵģȻĻЩʿѹסˡ
Ҷûɽֹܳеˡ
ߺǸҪģЩ֮󣬱һ֮ϹС
͵͵Ľ뵽θ֮󣬸ߺֽڵΪܱǷ֣ʹҲܻǲǡ
ԣǿߺֽڵ˶Զʧ硣
үү㲻õģһûµģӯӯԼ׵Լүү׷ͺڷˣиѹ֡
ԣȰ
ӯӯ˵򵥣ĺǰãû뵽Ȼݵֶ߱λ飡ηǰ̾һ
ӯӯҲһİɫηѾˣԼڿޣҲ̫ˣİɣүүߺֻҪһǳ£һǵģ
ôõ飬Ϊߺūͺ֮֮ȥ𣿡˽
ԴӴӺϵĿ֪ġࡱʱʱľͻЦһӯӯ˵֪ߵغ

죬û⣬ˡ
ӣ㲻ҪϷָˣȻһҪֻУηǶԼʧˡ
ҵĸ״ˣ쿪Ҫɣ˵꣬ĴЦ
ʱĵĹˣ㻹治һ
˭Ӧصߡ
һŹϣ˹֣һ˦ȥƺҪȼˡ
ףɽׯǻɽׯˣǸ˵֮һЩ졣
ֻȻڴϵʱľͷƳɵžȻһ˿˺۶ûУεˮ
֮кȻĸӰмǸòΣԱߵǸӢʣһŮӣҲܲг֮ݡ
һϤˣǰոշߵĺϡ
㡭Ǹʲô˭ʵлһ˿֡
ϻû˵߾˵ˣߺû뵽Ķͦ죬ǵѾˣ
ǣҾ֪ڳ֮ڵǻˣǵĵӻǴ󣬲˵ŲܲͲΥԼ𣿡ߺֱߵһԱߣŶͷɢʵ
һһߣҪ˵ΥԼҲƮΥԼȻɾȥǶԸ½ҵΪʲôʵǻ᲻֪𣿡
Ī⣬ʵˣֱһ꣬·ϣһԲԣѵҴܵľͲ𣿡ߺ΢Цʵ
󵨣㵱ɵΪ˵ļҾͻţԶҲ죬Ƶأоʵ
ߺһ³ô֪ģ
½ԭô֪ģǸ߱ʶĻش𣬵˲ͻع˶Ÿߺŭ
Ҹ㣬ʵ˺ԶΪΪ½ұѾˣ
ߺЦԽԽã˵𣿡
ߺԽԽõЦݣ˶ñ䣬һֱʲôҾ㣬Ϊ˷ֹƮˣڸɲҪɱǣȻҲ
룬ɱߺ˫һɣѩ쵶ʣǱߺѹȥ
ǻ۷ߣԶԶӦġ
Ȼʵһʼǿࡣ
ڣ˽ˣûɣߺ˵
ֽ¶һ˿΢ЦðɣǼһòɱ
ֳֽɽָָԶ߶µ
ߺһӣһзֳڰбݣӯӯηǵϷȥ
뵽Уһǵ֮зɳһЩ֪ЩǶҩ
ӯӯһ¾˵ߺĻУ۴ޣ·Ҫ⼸ܾί޳
룬λҸɱμҵ飬Լɣߺ˵
ֽ΢ЦĿηһۣ𣿡
ߺٴһ飺μҵ飬μԼ
ֽЦˣɱ
һһ㣬ɫзһеһߴȥһһնȥ


273 
ֻһУֽڶ߾ڷȻֽߺԱߣηǵľ
ȡηȫӿͣܵһζΡ
˵ߣԼƣӣɣ
ף֪ˣĹҰɣ֪ˣ־˵ʺ
ߺֽһ仰˵ηǵΪۡ
㿴ǺأηǶԸߺѯʵ
μҵļ£ҺͽھԲԲ֣Լɣߺǲҡ
ʱӯӯȻ˵㻹ǵãɱ֮ǰҸô˵𣿱ֵܣαؼƽôأҲΪģŹңôģ
ɫǳƽһҲֻкֻߺӱиоĲ
㻹ȥɣηǾƣۿͷȥ
ھͷһ׵ʱֺȻͣڰա
תŸߺˣߺ㿴ӯӯϣĳֻôһӣŹ𣿡
һҧ㲻ϲӯӯԽߣͬĻ¡
ߺ¶һ˿̵΢Цӯӯ˵ôأ
˵ţߺӯӯӯӯԼүүжһ㶣еܲˡ
ոǰ죬ԼүүĵĶԼ˵һҪУΪԼĸױ
Ǹߺ֮һкתˣǸӦԼүүҲڰԼˣǸɱԼ׵˵¹
һԽԽ٣ԭΪֻʣԼүүôһˡ
ǣƺſ壬Լүү·ҲںԼںμҵѪ
ϧԼȥߺ
Ȼ˵ϲߺַʽߺߣޱȵ裬ڸߺǰһӶ̧ͷ
ԽԽģ޵ҲԽԽ󣬽ĵȱӯӯǰһڣ˹ȥ
ӯӯ˹ȥߺԼֱƽһЩԼĻӵʡ
ôأߺ¶һ˿΢ЦϤߺֽ֪ߺ΢Цŭˡ
еЦβסɱŭ
ǻ˳ϴų˻ԭҵİɣηһȻЦݡ
ߺɫһ䣺ӦûŹŷɣʵĹҩ
ʲô㡭ηǴ󾪣ָŸߺ
ߺû˵Ӧ룬Źŷ׳ȥֺûɽׯʿƷ֣ҵʱμҾʵĵһɣ
ߺһ˵ţηǵɫԽԽȣҲԽԽѿ
ΪߺľȻһһˡ
㿴ҸߺȻΪĵӣȴѩûжĹϵѩҲֻΪһЩɣߺ˵
ԣҸߺ˵ҪҪܳΪʵ۵ʿֺٴ֣ҺԽӯӯң
ʹļ׵˹ż̾һĿ⣬ϺһӸˣȻһĵˣ
˵ţߵӯӯߣС㣬ˣ
ʦӯӯģӯӯԼŮһ۰
ߺ¶һ˿΢ЦŹŷùҾпƹһӯӯһɵˣȸˣ
㲻Ҫ̫ǲأţбʿһˣټϻȸ֣ӲߵģηɫҲԸߺĻΪ⡣
ߺεҡҡͷҿǲײĲˣѩұסӯӯ
ѩߵǰӯӯס
ߺһĳͳУȻֱʹ·
ߺ·֮ηʹ޲ѡ
һۣͷͷڣϵѩʲôְληһԼĿ⡣һʵ
ʱϺߺƽ½һսչֳ˵ĺǿΪһսҪá
أ½ѩΪţԱߺĹʶ
뷷ߺΪһֲʵ۲ľǻʵ۵ľӵľλ
ҲǴֽڵĿڸߺ뷷һУԶ֮Ҳ൱Ϥˡ
Ϣ֮ηɵˡ
˵Ķϣȥ֥顣
ôһʵĸ߲ԱվԼǰأԼȴȥύȨôύҪıҡ
Ըһ𣿡ηЩϣĿŸߺ
ߺӯӯӹλһ仰Ҳ˵Ŀ
ֽȴ˵ǰֻҪ㽫ҩóҾһģȻĻ˭ҲҪõҲҪ
ԴӸոոߺ˵Ǿ仰ֽ֮ھ֪ߺĴ㡣
˵ηǻһѪԣͻѡΪ˼䡣
ǣѡ˲ɱĻߺľǴӯӯߣҲμҵ
ֽ֮ʮֵĲ죬һ䣺ۣ˼㵽ҪμʢǾʹ˸
ߺǽηǾǷʢҪԼС
ЦЦĳһȴڴڴˣηǹЦΡΡĴԱ֮߱Уóһֽ
ԭηǵģסˡ
֮Уһпյġ
ŹҩǲУƤ飬ҩó
ҩһֹŻɫɢŹӵζ
ʹҩҲһɴҩȻĻǺˣμҲˣηǹЦ
ߺ΢΢𣺡Ͳ㵣ˣ߰ɣ
˵ţӯӯѩʧڿС
ֽĺϵ壬ȻץҲһʧڿС
ֻʣηˣվڿյз㶡

ߺСѣȻôݷأڸߺҪǽʱһ˸ߺ
ڣȴߣػߺһУӯӯѩֽ˵
Ծ³ǣѩվڵϡ
ֽڴźҲ˹˸ߺһۣһСģ滹ʿأʵҲǺ
ߺ˵ͷĵ߰ɣסдϹŰΧ˿ڲҲ
ֽڵ˵ͷϺѩӰѸٵʧҹĻ
ߺ̧ͷʱһɫӵĻ죬ڳǽվš
Ա߻мŻɫ·ߣоǵΪҲǺ龳磬Ȼһ֮ࡣ
ϻ죬εĺһˡ
ǵĺ߻һߣź£˸͸Ƶġ
ϵ鸡˺ܶ࣬ǸոͻƲá
˭˵үҪߣʿǵ죬֪Ҵ·ʲô𣿡ߺʿһȡ
ߺͷˣ㻹еЦˣǵԼɣʹƷΣӲһ˵ţһԾ
ЩҲ


274 ɱ
ĶӲ㣬ǲǸеָмأʮֵĸжأ˫Ц
ߺĿһۣɵӣɵӣ
˵ʲôС˲ʧϴ֮ɭ棬ҽӶˣҪһһֻأ
ʱ̣ߺȻһĮȻı飬ĿǺһۣǵ˼Ҳһô
Ϊһ߾ȫ
ǵǵڴǵ

ߺвɣ
ԼҲԽԽԾʹҷǣߴߴǸʲôأϣ
ϡ֪ǻɽׯ
Ȼ˽ʮֵĻǾûһ˸ǰô־ߺʵ
˵֪ǲ֪ߺʵжǿֻƮںĵӵλþȴ
ʲôƮڵĺĵӺƮڵƽƽң˵Զ
ĳ̶ȣңӵʵҶ
ǰߺȴǺңƽƽƾеǲ¡
ʿںۿЩɽׯϵ̬ȣȻָоԼŴˡ
ǣϾѾֵزҲﻢˡ
ʿϿϣŪ쿴ûǰʿ
ʿ˼һΪûɱȽϺã
˵꣬Ҳܻͬ񣺡ˣϹ

һȺʿ˲t̨֮ϣ켸˾Ȼ޳ֻܵȥˡ
ߺ´ûκαĿǰ
ڽʿǣ½Ӣܶҵȶͬ죬ǵĳԺȶǻʵ۸ģǸ֣ҾȻȡλ
ǻʶƵǰһѩһֲڽʿ͵սο֮顭

ߺεվ棬ʿﻶݳݽѾ˰Сʱˡ
ЩʿĹסˣͷ󺹣вסӣ㵽״򲻴ˣﺿô졣
ʿҲģԼżĺѩȥˡ
ߺƮӵĺĵӣɱڱףǱ״
ǣû̫һ־ֲ֧סˣˣеļҶȥ
ֻĻͦ׼Ÿߺüġ
ʿһ֪ûлͷʿǣǵĻ֮ݺݶ

ֻֻͬһֻһ˲ߺǰŸߺݺݵȥ
ǽ
ߺֻǵ³֣һ׺ıǽȻڸߺǰ
ЩǿȻûһ֧ͻķߺߡ
Ļ𵽴ǽ֮ǰѾϨˣҾǼҲʮֵĴ䵽ߺıǽ֮ϣѸ۶ˡ
ߺˣһǽķƶǶ±ǽȻҲŸߺʼƶ
һ֧һ֧Ǹߺıǽ·Ӷһ㣬ֻĶѴķʸûгֵм
ĿʿһۣǺǿߵ߿ôױܣǺǿ߻ȥأְͣɣ
ʿҲò˼ͣΧס
ҲˣһԾ˳ǽҲ˳ǽ
ߺһӣǰǶ±ǽʧӰ٣ߺ̧ͷ湻ȥȥģǾͲ𣿡
СӣӲ죬ܿҲʹߵͷˣɣһЦһŤʧڿС
һ̣ߺúȣ֪è壺̣
ڸߺĺȻһ֧һףְ׵ı̣ббĳš
ֳ̽һģһı
ЩʮףȻͣǣǸߺı̲ǰˣǻء
˫ְڵϣƺɫͬҽһɫëĴͬҽһ
ȵϢܵĿռ䶼ˣЩطʼơ
ҲޱȵˣЩɳѾʼڻˮˣߺĺͱȵϢˡ
Ϊһɽׯܲ㣡ݺݵ˵
ۣ
ߺЦһû뵽㿪ʼȫˣʵҼʹȫҲȫɱ㣬Ϊ˽ģһʶһɣ죡
ߺ˫ʼ仯ȫһ˿ۺڣѩɫģҲʼΧűɶǵĺ
˿˿ɫĺһһλŵĳ
Ҿ磡ߺ˵ˣڲҴŵġ
Σˣһ߳ǵģߺ˵
˫һУʹңҪҿǻɽׯˣ𣿡
ߺ˵ﾺ棬ǿΨһķ㲻˵ˣΪǻɽׯͲ˰ɣ
˵ڱ˵̫ƽˣ
ⳡ־еѩľѾǰΧˣߺǣ£
ڣǸ߳Ÿߺ
ΧǣǴӷܳģһ·ɱ⣬˭ʹһҲ׼Źߺ
ҲѩʷϣߺΨһһôݵû֪Ϊʲô
ֻԼ֪ԭȫΪЩɽׯĵӣӴܳ
ΪһսĴ㶯ˡ
ڣߺ
磡ֽϿϽ
ߺ˫һһɱ©֮㣬ŵһɴɱһǧɷŹһ
ֽǽһ˿аЦϣ磡
˵ţȻߺֱ֮ȥ
ˣҲһҲֿǴֵˣ˵ݶ˵ûãݣ
ߺո˵꣬˲ԭʧȻͣͲǰı̺ȻٴζˣȵϢϢ֮ǰлмɽׯĺǿն
ϵĻԪȻˣŻɫԪ˿ȴǱޱȵ¶ȡ
ЩѾߺıˣֻʣ״ɫȴûϵ¶ȡ

ߺЩ̵Ķˣָɽָָȥ첻ʣ
Щȫʼ˳ŸߺָŤе˴ȥ
ҽ˳ɽׯĺһ˲ͱѪʬ壬ϧǣǶɱѪҺˡ
˲ϱѹаȴΪΪߺ˵ԽԽŭ
̣
εı֮ǰ֮ͬǰıֻܹڵϲϵȴڰУʿȥ
ҪҪʿ⾪˵һĻˣԹһֻܹڵڱδܴıء
ЩγɵٶʮֵĿ죬գۼͳǰױȵĲҽУ崩͸


275 龳ĳɱ
ʲô֮һɶ˫гһ죬˫־ۺһߺ˳
һʮɳһɴϸĺɫ˫Ʒɳצߺȥצӿ׵˺ѿռ䣬ͷϵĻǣͷ­һҡдƬƬĿռ
·ͽ˵ޣϲԵϣǲҿܣһЩ˶
ߺȴǷһ㣬һһ̳УȻŸߺٴλζǱ̱һıС
ѩ˫ۣƺѹŭ𣺡̰ǲ̣޵ˡ
ߺÿ˵һ仰еıоͻἱٻӶһΣǻ
Ǳڿһƣ·ĳ·ǵֱĿռѷһͼ
ǻҲʾϵڸߺϿշ裬ȵĿߺϵĺˮʼƬƬ¶˼䡣
ǣþЩ¶֮̿ʼᣬڴγһı㣬ŸߺԽԽ
µĻˮϵ࣬Ҳ֮ԽԽ񣬷·˱͡
ѩľӲپػЩ˱ˮմ̱֮˺
Ǹһ»عָŶΧȦǸ¶Ľ١
ڷ֮Уһܲ˵ʼɢӣȥ
ܶ˺Щˮս䵽ϣجεϮ
ΪЩˮղϵ¶ȣµ¶ȣֻǱ¶ʱ˶ѡ
̺Ÿߺǿı⣬һΧֻɺ
ЩǱЩˮնȥıһٶˡ
һЩֻǾЩȽϽͱĺɱҲ޷
ЩߵǣڸߺΧѩʿһնɱֽȴڳѰЩʣĻɽׯӡ
һܹûƷͻᱻֽһ
ߺȴ֪Щ֪ƣںͻԱߵս
ʱʱ˹ȵצڸߺץһ£ץƬƬ˿ڣѪڱѩ֮ϣΪıȾɫ
ЩѩɫѪɫһѪ۶ɵı쳣
ʱ޵ıҫ֮£ѪһĹâ˸оĩտҪˡ
ߺʱǷˣϮ㣬Ҳб򣬱ǽͻĵȷ·ʩһζǱûıУϵնͷ­塣
·Լһֻ῿ʿľһ
У֮ϵĻ죬ʩչ֮֮󣬷·ȫûȫս
ȴͣڰУ۾գҲգĿ
棬ߣڸߺı֮£һǱı档
ֱ֪ĺȣǸֻûˣû뵽ߣһǰСһǰ棬ȫûˡ
оһ˿оǷŭ
֪νܽߺɱȥ֮ĵҲԼٵȥˡ
Ͼεʧ̫ˣʮ۷ĵӣڳȫˣߣȫˡ
ɽׯҵ׵һ룬նɱߺıȫûˡ
ߺɣ㺦ʧȥȫҪһ˿֮ڡ
ط裡
ո˵꣬챾ɫͷһȫˣˮ廬۵ƤҲĸɰͰ͵ˡ
һвһȼգתá
ԼתԼڣӵиǿĹ
ոճһУһ㣬˫кڹһǴ͵˫۱鶯ӸµĿŸߺ
ͺһڸԼĳ񣺡໡
Ȼ˫ȼźɫĻ棬ǻ·ܷټһУռ䶼˲ȼմˡ
ߺеıһ¾ͱȵĻܻˣߺ˫ɱ¾
˵Ϊ̤ʯĴڣǽһжΪҲЩˡҽձҪԾӡųһУ
ߺո˵һ仰ܺȻ˸޵ĹâЩâͶʮֵĴۣ·һжڸǹȥˡ
ߺ֮У꽥ĸıӣǰߺȻ䣬˵ҲǸߺԼģ
ڸߺȴͬˣ꽥ı仯һѩεģ¶
ĹڸߺĻ꺣֮УɢˬϢŸߺĻ꺣
ߺĻ꺣нѩεģЩѩڸߺɵƬѩϣѩ͸һ֡
Щѩڻ꺣ϣߺĻ꺣֮бͼһɡ
ߺڣЩڿʼתˣеĺȵĻڸߺȾ֮£Ҳûһ˿¶ȣ˴ߺȥ
ڵ𽥵ۣÿһɶ۳һεѩ
ǣĳ⾳龳ͻƣΪʲôΪʲôеĺ¶䵽һ˵ͷϡ첻ڿнŭ𶯲񷡣
ǽĲޣķߺޣְı֪ԼܾҪ䣬Լαߺ
εĿľǳߺģƮڵĳɳѾˣǾҪһʰ
ɻʰߺȻɻɽׯڴӣ
ֻҪ˶һƮھҲ뷭ֻڻɽׯ֮Ӹڶ
ǲ룬ڵĸߺȻǿˣҪ˵ߺʵ֮ˣǻδ֮ǰؼҲɱܽܡ
Ϊؼʹúʵ൱ںǿߣǸղŸߺٶ·޷ġ
ģҲֻЩʿֽڵˡ
ǣû뵽ҪĹͷߺȴͻˡ
ֽڸ˵Ŀһ¿У磬ͻˣô˵ҲҪŬˣɲҪ̫źð
ǸҲʮָˣҮΪһ¥Ǹ߼ҵʱˣ

ԭǺ龳ǽеǽԼ뵽⾳֮УǵܹٷְٵԼãҲǿı
ߺԺ૵˵ոԼЩǵãǾе뷨
СƼޣŭ֮ɷ졣
ߺ૵˵˫ڻָ
죬ѵ𣿡ߺ彥С
֪ˣǶҲܷУֻдﵽ߲зС
Ϊ߽뵽֮У̶ȵıҲЩʣǱȫھ
ȻȻԸգǿˣܹ˵


276 ֮
ӰƯĸߺĿɬϧϧ޷ɱҲҪ⣬ԲɱңȻĻŴսҪˣ
Ļ죬ߺεҡҡͷΪĲɱ㣬Ϊ仰ѣ
˵ţߺһʼۣߺѸٳͬĸ߶ȣ泯죺ǲأ龳ĸо
ߺھãԼʵѾɷٱǰǿֹڸߺŷԭ龳뻯澳ĲȻô
ǰĸߺΪ龳Ҳˣֻʵǿ˶ѡ
һо龳뻯澳ĸоȫͬ
澳Ȼǿ󣬵Ǻ޷֮伫ܻжռʲôġ
ǣ龳ܹõĿʹ֮ȫڹϣƷָһָо
ңܹõĽ֮ӳˣǱȫھˡ
ⶼãںһʹǿķӡ
ߺ㲻Ҫ̫ҿǻ죬ɽׯңڵҲô˵쿴ߺͲԼҴɱԼ֮ơ
ʼˣ־壬־ߺ᲻һеɱ
ʮ꿪ʼУôڻɽׯڻλá
֪˶ˣ˲У˳ΪΪƷ׵ҫλôʧȥ
ֻҪߺӦҾʹȴҿԲҲΪƮΣ쿪ʼЭ
ߺ˫һ˫ȫۺڵŻ쿴ڵˣ

ߺһڿۣȻʼΡ
Уߺ˫һֱŻ쿴ڿ壬·֮оʹؼ
ϵֲۣʧɢ󣬸ߺٴͷڿۡ
ط·˺£ߺЩȻѾջȥĿռǷǳĺ䣬䳹͸ǡ
̹ǵĺ粻ϵڿдϮǿеˮٴαһƬƬѩ
ѩ֮ǰЩͬˣ֮ǰߺͷŵĲܹѩӦñѩΪһ״ûС
ǣθߺĺ۵ģȴεѩƬƬ䵽˵ϣëѩ׷ɡ
շ绪ĵķǣٴӭ˶ϴ
֮ǰĺͬεĺ·ԵĴĺź
Щû˵޹ˣԿеĺһȫܲǺ磬ڽУϣֵܹһЩ磬ȴûã
ЩûлǸңƮŵѩ·һĴ䵽˭ϣ˭ͻһ
ЩסΧĳǽȫһǷ·ñѩ̵Ʒһ㡣
ֻЩȴɥʧ̫
ʮ֮һķǣһǡ
Ҳѩ֪һֲߺһΪ֪һ棬ȷѩػ
ǣͬҲһɱѱߣֻ޻Ҳ֮ѩ췴֮¼ǳ٣ɾ֣˸ҵ
߼ѵҲǸߺѵģֻҪǻʵۻӹ޵ܿ࣬Ǹ߼Ѱҵȡ޵ǰĻʵۡ
ԣߺ֮ûʲôǱѩɱһȴʼڰ֮
¼Ҳ𽥱񻰻Զﴫ˵֮ӣһֱı֮ġ
ѩɱߺ˴αװһƽˣ裬һŭ֮£ǣʹ֮ǧԶܱ֮ࡣ
ȫ⣬һ˿ڡ

ߺڳɹˣһѵıڿУģһģһ֮ͬǡ
ߺ˫û鶯֮ȴ֮
ʮɣһɣðŻ棬ȵ彫ռ䶼Ťˡ
ߺıȴͬͷųıʮɣһðźĵط޲Ƿѩǣռ䱻ˡ
צ棬ż亮ɵıצһץռ飬βͺɨƬռ̮
ŭ𣬶ȴûһ˿Ͼһһ˿
ߺֻӡ
ƬƬƬһ˿˿ɵģ֮Ϣʡ
໡һŭߺֻ
ߺıҲһǺаɣҲȥ
ߺиķôֱڿпš
ȻǱȥβȴȻűͷȥ
һƬ̮Ŀռ䣬ݺݵĴڱͷϣһ±˳ȥ
˲ٴ̤ˣȻ͵³һϢ
һɿԽرĺ³;еһж˺ǳӲĶ˱
Ϣһ¾絽ϣҽһոձеĵط˼Ϩļ
ҲʾűһϢȻϲȥ
Ȼͬһ㣬סԽԽ
һϢ絽Ľϣ˫ܽˣһͺͷ
ƵıʾҲĿʼơ
ˮڿг֣ײͬеĹףû˵ؿϣ˾¡

ߺ͸֮ۿͷһ죬һҧĲ֮ϣŭԽԽ󽫱Ƭ
Լͷ­Ҳҧ£֮
ߺһУЩмٴαɺعߺУ뵽ߺڡ
һлΪƽʱ򣬶Ļ춼ɵˣôôһɽׯؼôģ
ߺ΢΢̣Ȼ㽻ҵģһҪлĴ֮أ
˵ôύ㣬Ѳɱŵˣ͵նɣ޳ܵСˣŭüۡ
ȷ̸ҵģҾǿʩչ֮󣬲ŻѧģǶлˣߺǸ΢Ц
ôѧģ·Ҳˣ˫ֱֱĿŸߺҲף
ߺ˲ڻ֮Ķ˵ʹź߰ɣ
˵ţеһ̳У͸˻š
ߺΪɱ𣿵ʮһģʱ򣬰кȻһ
ߺ̧ͷȥֻһ޵ĻƯڿС
ʵǲȻܹûꡣߺ˵
ԭ֪ߺһŹԼǾ仰ʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ߺǻټģ˵žߡ
ǲ˲ĺ棬˵˸㣬ڵʵȫɱֳ壡
˵꣬컹ûзӦߺ־쵽ͷϣһɺϱ
Ǻ´ȥ˲ͽסˣΪʵ塣
ʱ򣬻ѾͱΪһˣŸߺָһá
űһ𻯳Ƭ


277 Ϲȶμ
һƬɽ֮һƬĽͬһ㡣
ȺΰĽУһڷŴССٸ
ʮǰڷĵģҲĲͬΪǰɫģΨʮֻǻɫġ
棬һոһյģʲôÿģ˸һɽׯ鷳ɣҿ̫
û˵꣬мʮֻȻžıһֻ
˲䶨סˣȻ䣺ɣǿǺ鳤ϵѲ˲⣿
ĻȻ֪ʲôź鳤ϵĻǹõģǱõġ
Щ˵Ļŵ֮УֻҪȻҲͱˣҲ֮顣
мʮֻʲô⿴أȻҲ֪ʲô
Уֻɫޣͬһ𻨵ģǻɽׯڵġ
֮ǻɽׯģȻ˳Ǻ鳤ϵġ
ոǸľǺ鳤ϵģһ߶µ
ûзӦԱߵֻҲһˡ
ӶˣС鰡ͲҪĥˣȻӶ飬Ҳΰɣ
û˵꣬һֻˡ
ӸоԼҪιȥˣʲô°һΡ
߶߶˵˰죬Լһ£Ҳ٣۰
ǿãȻϣһд·ҪϿ챨ĳϣ
˵žȥǴǸȴͻȻˣԼĶ䣺ѲһˣɣҲ̫˥ˣôԼְλ뱣סˣ
ǣոջͷ̻ȥˣֻֻһء

һۻڸߺУ֮ǰϣԼܹѣ֮ᣬٻߺնɱ
ϧûĻˣڵĸߺѾնɱ
вͷųУǿˣɽׯôöԸģߺ૵
֣ӿһС͵ıϣ֣Ĳϵת
ǿ󣬲֪ǿʲôزߺĬĬ˵һ֣ʧˡ
ոͻƵʱԼ֮۾ȻĽˣоȻܹԼԼĿ͸ؼй켣
ͬ⾳ͬ޷һ¾ͽʩչǾϵʵʵŽ֮ͷųġ
ʹˣǸؼʺϻ⾳һ⾳ȴǻ⾳ʩչ벻
Ǹߺȴͬˣ⾳Ǹؼǡǡ෴Ǵǿ⾳Ӯá
ңߺոڲǱʱԼΪȻߣԲܹ޼ɵĽ顣
վŵһǿĻôԷߺ
ԣ֮۵Ŀ֮Ǻܳ졣
ǶԷΪߣ֮۾Ϳ͸ԷĻ壬пһˡ

ߺ彥һ𾪵ĳ棬ǵѾһԶֽǸţǰźܶʬס
ԭֽɱɱǣȻ²ãµѩ̺Ӵ߷ˡ
֪Ǹߺı⡣
ڸߺѾͻˣҲĳɣԲܹϣȻĻҲøˡ
ԣԥӶ˳ʹ;һ·ҲⲻһƬ˲ͱϮ
ڵֽѪɫ߶µԽǱء
ǣĽվ̫ˣȻް취ЩնҲ°Ѿʼ۱ˡ
ߺ֪鲻ã˲ߣһ֣еıˣ뵽ߺڡ
ǣֽеľϾˣԭ޸塣
ߺ˿ϵʬû˵̤˷֮ڡ
˿̵ķǾͬһһȴ޾
ЩǰǣǿܹӳĳǳأԶûлˡ
ߺ֣һ˲ʧҲ˱ͷų
ǣ˵Ȼ壬ڵѾȫĳΪһˡ
ߺ쳤̾Ͳ
Ų㣬֮⣬ͯ
ڵͯѷյ°ɣɽɵıţҲһˡ
ͯҲһ·ϾߺϽһλˡ
ڵĸߺһ߼ֱ̫ˣ޷ҩ֮ߵĲϡ
ͯˣڵʵѾǻˡ
ԺΪҪȴ죬ʹǸߺҲûа취ˣܹҵһߣΪ޵ѹʵ
ߺûôһ˳Ա˳ŵĻţһ澳ϡ
Ǹ£ͯߺ˵
ڣǰһŸߺһ
˽ֽڵģҲûôΣյˣӦҪƮڣĩԻȥ
˵ţߺҲˣڿնϷȥ
Σȥҽ죬ĽʮֵȣҪܹ֮ܲ͵ѧ
ߺڿз죬ڵʣһ룬˵вķ
ʮֺķģǸߺڵ֮ۺǺǿǸ׶ˣݲ߷һֱ͸Ƶġ
ǣһ·ûпһеĶ飺ۣ֮
ߺ˫ۺȻ仯ȫһ˿ۺڣѩɫġ
ڵĸߺ֮۽ˣķΧҲ˺ܶ࣬ûп
ѲѾμˣߺԴ⣬岻ɵмӿ˼֡
ڸߺ˻ӰɣԷٶҲǲһţȻûڵسɴĳ̶ȡ
ַ˰죬ߺϹȡ
Ϲ߶ǸʵɽмϹȣղա
˵ϹȵĶμҾɽĸլ
ߺ֮пȥ棬߶н
ѩĲӾȺأ֣˵ʲô˾ͽԸ档
ŨĴڣʲôҲ
Ψ죬һ˼ߺ֪ˣԼȥˣûдӡ
ߺûк֣˾ͽ˵ٱϣԼڿǴæ˰
ڸߺٶȻҳĿ죬ټ֣˾ͽֻ˿棬ϾգԸߺ˳Ľ뵽Ũ֮С
뵽Ũ֮УߺŲЩԾŨж
ʱû£ʱĻ¾ͻþ
ߺסûսʵֳ󶯾ˡ
ǣϹ֮һƬž
ߺĳϹôʱûҵвô򵥣


278 ս
Ϲ֮Уͷֱ治ڰŨܣμڷߡ
ߺ䵽ϣۣ֮ǿ巽ģĽȥ
ֻһߺ͵棬濴ĲͬĽȻΰǺûʲôˡ
Уߺд򶷵ĺۼ
ȥȻһһȾĵԿӦøոհ߲á
ϵĵ̣ȴøߺͬڻˡ
Ǹܸߺƹʹģɻޣͷͬʨһ㣬ȴһӡ
ƹʹĵ̲ͬɻ޵ȴɻޡ
ƹʹǸȻɻ״Ӷͬȴֻۣɻȴֻۡ
֣޵ܸߺǰѰң֪㵽ںηߺ˵
ߺûкУȦȦȴӸߺĿбϯķɽȶƮŸߺ
ʲôʲôʱģ棬֣һͬ
ң·֮ϵĹըס
˾ͽ˼һǶμҵıɣѲǶ˻þߺڴǱߵľǰǰɣ
ʱࣺԣүУк⣬ǾԲǱ˿ģ³ģ
ǵȷûȥ˾ͽɻһֱţϹΧסʹߺǿʵҲĿ֮£Ȼͽȥˣ
Ƕ˵棬үҽ죬ȵ֮ǾͿԷֱαˣ˵ţԭ
˵үѾǺΪˣܹڿзˣ
˻һ½ԾܣٶѲɱȵĽ𻹿죿Բܵģ
˾ͽ̷룬֣գҲ˵׼ٶһֲܿ뵥ǰҲûʲôܵģ
Уߺʲô鷢϶пܵġ
ܣǶˣˣ˾ͽһҡͷ˵
ߺĽУһ֮ǰһŲСߣѾһԾһ󾳽ˡ
Ҫ˵ߺܹ龳ȴôҲţҪ֪֣ҵ֣ڻ۷ͣ˽꣬ſ龳
ҲǿģңȾţҲڻ澳ͣ˺üʱ䣬ֱղͻơ
ǣ֣ȴ˵ˡ
ǿߺܵģʹ˵ڵĸߺѾǿľ磬Ҳֻ΢΢һ죬˶Ѱɡ
ʱɽ֮еȻ·һзڽ
ߺֵܣû뵽ôͻƵ˺龳磬ֺհд
˻һ֣һ˾ͽ˼˰ɣ
ȴȻվĿ棺֮ţԳ֮ûиˣүһܹұ𣡡
˾ͽ˶ɵˣٶʵ̫ˡ
˾ͽЩѩҲɵˣԣҲ
ЩǿıɵʿǰңҿԼ˹˳˳͢һˣ⵱ǿʲô·
˵һɱһǿںԭɽ֮⣬ڻб壬ĵ
֮󣬸кܶߺĳ߽壬ڵıѾ˵ǱҲΪˡ
ЩЩ¸̣ЩʵǿߣһЩǸߺ»߼ӵܡ
ǸڸߵǿˣǿĽء
Ҳ˵ߺǿ𣬷ǿǿͻնɱһɶ
뵽⣬һͷϣѾ˺ܶ亹ˡ
Աߵѩʿʣôˣôôĺǲˣ
˸Ͻ˲û£̫ˣ
ⶬĩȻȣѩʿ֮кܶ˶ˡ

ߺý˵Ͼ˰УͣſУ
Զĺȡ
ߺȻԶһĨӰһʧ򽣾ȥ
ոռ棬ߺкȻս
쵱Ȼ׸ߺ뷨ԼһսԼһҲܾˣʵҲûܾãֻʮѡ
Դӵһۼߺ֪ʵǱѰ֮һս뷨
ǣʱߺΪֻ۷壬ɣȻսʹ졣
챾ΪҪߺսҲõȼأȵѡУû뵽ߺΪȻ˿죬ھͿ֮սˡ
ɱ
Ҳһŭ𣬱ȻһԺںڵĽᣬǶԳ׳
˫Ӷ磬ķǲûнռ˺ѡ
Ŀռʮֵļ̣˫Ȼռ𶯶ûɡ
֣յ濴ǽģ˫Ӷڿγ˵磬Щ֮ϣ֮׵Ľ
ٶʮֵľˣ˫Ӷ䣬գۼߺǰһһɫУߺȥ
ߺһ𽣳УٵǱɫĽȥ
ϡ
һɾ޴ĳ𣬷·ռƽĺˮ˵ĹͶˮеһöʯӡ
޴һȦȦɢȥЩ˹ɵĳƳףȻȻӿ
һսˣڿңңֲΪûʹȫôǿ
ҲһЦľ֮ɫߺֵҲƮ½֮㣬ٶȥ϶ܳĽҲûʹȫɣ
˵ţ㲻ٿеɫһռ̳һǵſԽһжơ
·¼κζǰͬһűֽһ㣬ֲķ֮
ǽ⣬û뵽㻹̧£һ־ǺУߺ΢΢֮С
һֱŽ쿴ڽĽ֮ǰѾʼˣԸߺ޷Խᵽеġ
Ҫ˵ʵȻǿǱϾֻǺһߣԻ̫ǿ󣬸ߺ֮۵ܹģģĿС
⵽Ѿ˹ߺһӣеĺӿǰȻ۳һ±ǽ
ﬡ
ǽƣǲûѿ
̡ƣ
ߺһе֮ϺȻ۳һ𽣰Χ档
ǱøߺǰǵǽϵĺɵģԸߺǰıǽû˷ߺеıһͱǧƬм
ߺǱмз˹ȥرмĽȥ
챳Ľ͵һӶ̴ԭʧٴγֵʱڸߺĺ档
ߺǰĽʧˣһû뵽ڿеٶѾ쵽̶ֳˡ
Ҳٻζݣ


279 ŭ֮߾
򣡡ߺͷų˱ȻȻʧڱһֱı̣죡
ҿߺʩչ˱ݣոʧĽʹӺ滮ڿлһı졣
ߺںı̾ͷŽ죺̣
꽣̸߾٣Ų񷣬һתЩ˲͸תȻ򽣾ȥ
ǽջǼֱ֧ëը쬵ģǾջ塣

һ𣬽Ȼı棬γһ壬Щ̻棬ͬײĴ̶
ߺȴסˣ֣صĹģ˵ֽڵĺϽζûͻ˫ķأԭ壡
ߺ֮ۻ޷͸˵壬һֱΪ˫ˣû뵽ԭǺ塣
壬ǳʺʱڻвЩʮֵļ
ڲĽ׶ʯֽޱȡ
Ϊ𽥽ЩڲĽҲԽԽ񣬾ڸղţߺһЩĵ˫߶ȥ
ΪˣֽڵĺϽ޷ͻķ
ţЩ̶ɢڿյʱ򣬽˸ߺĻȵĿ˸ߺһۣ㲻Ȼ壡
ߺ΢΢𣺡ԭΪʵҲˣһԶԶ
˵ţߺ彥źΧƺΧ˫Ҳѩɫġ
Ҿ磡
Ҿ֮󣬸ߺ˫һ˿ҲûˣֻʣĮ
Ҿ磬㻹ģǣΪ𣿡˵ţ˫Ҳ˫֮в
ܵϢķһģĻˡ
ߺǡǡ෴Χ·۳һʵ壬ճĿһоͻữˮ
Ҿ磬ܺúܺãȻǿҲԶԹ㣡ߺ˵
еһռ˲俪ʼ𶯿
Ľ¶һ˿΢Ц˿΢ЦǸߺ̵΢ЦҪСˣҽҾͻƲסԼġ
ָոأ˲ʧˣٴγڸߺĺ棬ӶеɫߺĲȥ
ѩ
ߺ屻ǽУ׹ȥڿеʱ򣬾ͱһѩ
ţߺڽһߣȻһֳһЩߺеı̣ݺݵ򽣾ȥ
ãʵ壿ߣʲôȫ˲ͺˣ˵ţеĽһζ˲һߺ

𣬽ĽȻûнǸߺýֲѡ
Ȼ˼Ӳһ΢Ц˼Ǿͳĳɽһɣ
˵ţеĽݺݵһߺȥǱɫ棬һ㽣
ոջӲޱȵĸߺһ£ͬһ㣬пˡ
ţ˰˽ǰ˸ߺȫ룬׹ȥ
ոһףͺȻĺ۶ȥ
ڽ棬ߺ£ͷ£еı̶׼졣
Щߺеıӿȥ
ǱЩ֮ԽԽԽļ񣬼ſռ䶼һǳǳĺۼ
˫һУúãһ
֮еĽȻӿӿȥеĽԽԽ󣬱һʮɳɿĽ
ơ
һŭ𣬾޽еĸߺȥ
ߺı̱⽣ɨ̱룬޽ߣĽӴ˸ߺ𽣡
𽣷·ҲУĿʼ
䡭
һмƮ޽񷣬ڿһֱĿռѷ졣
·񷶼룬޾пʼչЩıмȫ˽ȥЩҲȥ
ߺǱĴЩмĺ˹ıǽҲǿռѷ˽ȥǿռѷҲϡ
ԭǧһʱ򣬸ߺȫʩչһǽס
ûеֵסһ롣
žžž
ߺƣȻΪĴ֮һĽ
ҲȻܹһţһѩһǳس׻ٵȻܹ£
ߺ΢΢𣺡û´ĻһӦǽལһаɣ
͵Ŀ˸ߺһۣལһʼõĽõȴǡ
һɥ˵ţȻһߺӶ
һɱȸոոΪǿĻǹߺоԼ·ڴҡҷСղ巽򣬷·ĩնˣ
Լߵͷĸоĵ
ߺ˫ۣٴʱǱޱ˫Ȼ˷ŭĸоŭ֮⣡
˵ţ忪ʼɢ޾ĺǵأ죬򽣾һѹȥ
ޱԳһ˿ȣǱˮһģϵڿб仯Ÿ״
ʵ޷ҲǸӵı̣ݺݵ򽣾̸
䡭
ѵϵ𣬽еĽϵĻӶѹʮɵıȫնϣƬ߻䡣
ǣıϲϴ
еĽϵĻǿнױӲȵıڽĽͬһ㣬׷ױڡ
׻˵ˣҲѹˡ
ԣܲҵı仰ˣڱЩڵϣ۳һ񣬱ӡڱڡ
ߺһϣĽٺֱЦôŭ֮Եģ
˵ͷû뵽ıȻôǿ󣬿ŭ֪֮żеõʲô𣿡
ߺվڱϣһЩϸ΢Ķʲô
ⱾףôͽƵĻ֮ɭͲΪƬһżˣ
˵ţеĽȻӼϱŷǧ
š
˵ţʮɵľޱȻʼҵĶžž죬Ǿޱ֮ϲϵĳơ
͸£͸ɽ塣
ߺż㣬ڰУһһ±ǽǰסǵ
Ҵ֮ɭ֮лõĹǸң⽣ǰʮĹΪ߾졭
һǺģеĽȻˣݺݵлȥʮɺı̻Ρ
ǵڶţҲĿǰܹʩչģҲ֪ļ޵Ȱ㻹ɣȻĻҿƲˣǣ
˵ţѾɵˣǶ±ǽ˵еĽҲĿʼֻҪߺ˵Ļͻ̶֡


280 
ߺ֮䣬Ƕ±ǽٶʧˣתߣе𽣾򽣾ȥ
ţ
ʹ֮һߺ𽣾ȻϳڣߺҲ顣
ڽĸߺǡ
˫ֻץס˽ĽᣬǷĽֶˣ˿˿Ѫ˳Žȥ
ߺʣҧأеĺⲻϵȥ
ʲôҪʲôԳֻýûģ㽫֮۶Σ쾪
ǣˣڵĽȴԴԴϵ󱳵˫Ͷȥ
ǽøӵͣ۸ߺôʹǶԽͬһ㣬˿
ߺϵ˿ڣÿһ˺۾һ֣Ѫӷӿ
Ѫ챳˫ᶼմˣûǣԼҽҪĿľǶԷᡣ
ȡŭ֮ߺ͵غȵ
еıȫл㼯ȥǶԽҲ𽥵ıסˣŸߺ˫һʹһԽ˲ͱ˿м
챾ǺǿߣűҲܹУתŸߺһ
һռ䶼˺ѵĽߺߺ˫һǽȥ
⣡
ĳɺⱬǵûӴϸߺ֣˲һǽǱ֮У׹ȥ
ߺҲ˲׹ȥֽסѾĽС
۾ϸĸеĽкβͬ
˭뵽ոմĽ͸оһɾĸоҿߺֿ֮סűǵٵ
ǿµĽߺ̾һӣǽ̽⣬ķȴˣŽȥ
ʲôȻҵĽסˣķôأӦһɣ
ߺ΢΢𣺡ҵŭ֮һУԽԷľͱԣҲ˿ֻʱͣס˶ѣ
ͺ񱻱ڱڵϵȵȣֻǱסˣûʹһֻ꣬Ҫ⿪ˣɿԻĵһ
ԼĽԼûнٶȲʮֵĿ죬ֵֻˡ
ֺݺݵһһɫı

ݺݵײһ𣬳ɢЩһ˺ܶࡣ
ֻһЩ汾ˣ˵߾Ȼǿ󣬵̫ķá
ǣ߾֮⣬ལ
࣡һӣһεߺײ
ǵ״ǽǸоȴӵſԴ͸һеķ
ʲôལࣿߺֵ
ǣû˵꣬ǵһֶģķְˡֳǧĽ
ԭոյǵǧĽغ϶ɵģϿȻǽȴǧ
ȡʮ
ߺȻ£˫ֻڵϣ˷һıǽ
Ǳǽÿһ¶׵ĺȣӲȷǷǸߺͻƺ龳ܹ֮õļˡ
ͻƺ龳֮ʵҲ˽üĿǰΪֹֻùŭ֮һǸʵķĻûоȫʩչء
ǻӰͻ˵ڶ֮е
⻯
ƽߣʹҲӵһʵ壬Ȼӵйǲ
Ǹߺȴͬĺ۳һʵ壬ڵıҲһһ޶ëźûͫĻͷֱ𲻳ĸǸߺĸǻ
ߺĻӲȷǷĺɣӲȻͬСˡ
ԣ칥ǵʱҲ˺ܴڵĽˣŽƿ
֮⣬ߺĸûʩչȫս
Щײ׺ıǽ֮ϣеֱӱǽɢĺסˣеȥ
࣬ϣ
һȥǰ취ٵߺȥеĽһתЩȻĽϷϡ
ǽɢϹԽԽۣĻһΪ̫ء
ģ
ĬɫĽһʵʱ͸Ǳɫһģһ
;еĿռȫΣĺ棬ռþòϡ
䡭
嵽ǰһͽǰǽ飬С
ĸߺ¶һ˿΢Цݣ
ȥǺǽǰͬһˮǽһ㣬ɸߺ
ǽ⡭
ոձıǽڸߺİ֮£Ѹٸԭˣһ֮ǰˡ
Ƕ±ǽˣ༸ǽڶˣļѹȥĿռԽԽС
ӣߺٴα⽣졣
֪ܲߺ뷨һ𣡡
Ӷеɫʮ±ǽδȫѹ֮ǰȫˣһǽΪмߺɹ
ھߺʱЩмȫȻ󻯳һŵĺڸߺϣߺ˽ȥ
˿ٶ˷ķҵ֪ΪʲôҪεҵĽˣм޾ĺ֮˳
Ѿ˱裬ϸĻͬһѩһ㡣
ղǶԽĻԼٶڸߺȥͬʱԼ˲ܹȥ
ȥٲôǱǶԽıЩô򵥵ľԼ塣
ԼѾߺĺˣԼ壬ڿԼڿ¼ʹûбɱҲʵ
˵ţǺ󱳺Ȼô£չ
棬ֳһЩطغš
ߺ۾һգգĿŽ壬ڽֻ۽ʱ򣬸ߺĺͬһ
ڵһߺ·˺ˣչ˳
ţдӸߺ֮г˳г

ȻָߺΪʲôԼʩչᣬܸӦߺһ
Ӱ조ɵĵ˿֪ߺεĿľΪ˿ʩչᡣ
ȻѾʼʩչˣԼ⻹أҪøߺ֪뷨һ˵ǸɵӰ
ĽῪʼɣĵطʮʮǽЩСһЩȻһ
ԴƣıֳһԽᣬףȶ򣬷ӿ
濴ʱ򣬸ߺ˫Ҳոγɡ
ԺںڵĽᣬ״һģһһǣߺ˫װĳȡ
ȫɾӨ͸ıɵģϸߺ˧ӣԵøߺͬ·һ㡣
ÿλӶһĺӿбΧһж˱
ӣ͵ѧ


281 صϹ
ֻǰ̸ҵĲʩչѣ͵ѧ֮˵ߺ֪Լûŭ
Ĺĵĵð㣬ԭΪǹҺһսģǿҵķؼǲ֮۽ˣܹѧеĹҵ߾ǲҲѧȥˣ
Խ˵Խŭߺһ˼
ߺ֮ܲԩûУ߾̫ӣûѧȥ
֮Ȼܹ͸Էתǣ֮о̫࣬߾ٶȲ죬ʮֵĸӡ
־غϣۻңһͼǲˣԸߺû͵ѧɹ
ңҲû͵ѧֻؼڽǳ׵ķˡ
˵ʵʵΣ쿪ʼûˣɸߺһʼԼͷŷؼ
ǺսҲǸߺġ
ߺһЦ˳Ҿ磺ȷ⻯ʮȷҼʩչġ
˵⣬¶һ˿΢Цô˵ʤδ֣Ϊʲô˳Ҿ磬սһһкܶʽûʩչأ
ߺ˰֣ȻˣǿжѾˣԲٴˣٳͬģ
ᣬѾƳˣô˵ʧأ첻Ľк
ߺ΢΢𣺡ʱŭ֮㳹׷ӡȻվ˱ϣ
ȻҾöų˷ӡ𣿡ɷǳɻ
ߺҡҡͷȻԣ
˵ţߺվһ޴ıмϣǿмûʲô仯Ǹߺ˫Ÿո뿪ǱмȻһ顣
һý쾱ԾС̾һıСӳ׵ˣˣ
һ£ˣոոߺվ沢ǰվǽŭ֮еıˣǷӡסĺƱ
Ҳһˬ֮ˣԼˣ㲻ټƽˣԼ
ԼԶڸߺǰʩչؼȻĻߺһѧġ
Ȼ˳ˮ飬ء
ֻȴЩпǳǰˣǰɳ̲ϰû뵽ֻһ֮ھɵĴңĺ֮λռݵ̫ˣˣ
֪Լ˳ĺ֮󡣲ٴλصӼȻٴνսĺλϴ̫ˣʱߵĵطˡ
ô£ߺתһ»⣬Ϲ濴ȥ
ոսķ棬ߺȷԽٶȣ϶ȥ˺ܳһξŻġ
⣬ȻһɨոյǷϣҷ˰춼ûеطҽʱѿһˡңԽ涾ԽŨܣ
ţߺҲһǶ𣿡
˵ͷƽ˽ȥĻ¸ոӾͻᱻȫʴ
⣬ߺȷˣμҵȷвΪ֪顣
˵Ǵνμۿμҵˣ󲿷ֶûٳֻм߳ˣҳ֮䣡Ȼ˵
ʱߺԲ֪飺˭
ҽûʱҲæŽأ֣ҵʱҲû½ҺˣȻɽׯһϣƮƮ٣ںǬڷֱһλϣ
˼ţ˵ôߺȴ˼
ȥ˵ţߺһǰȥ
ҲںţһһעܣԷʲô⡣
ģԽԽ֪ԱߵʼԽԽŨܣѾŨ񵽿ɼȲʮ׵ĳ̶ȡ
޵׶ô߶߲ͷٶȣѾһٶˡ
˵ٶҲˣܵʵ̫Ũˡ
ʱЩǰɫģǵڣЩѾ˵ɫˣܵʯͷбʴӡ
һ·ҲһЩӶдܳǡ
ǵ״ˣֻѪģЩ嶼ˣֻʣ˹ͷֵָһ߳ɫ
ǻûеߺǰͱߺ˲
ģЩҲԽԽŨܣӵɫɫߺ뽣춼Һ
ߺһ֣ЩŨܵĶﻯһ±ǽߺԼĽָóһŵϡ
ڡ
ӱðǱűĽ˲䱻ˣƾɵģǸʮı
ǻ˰ɣ̫Ũˣ֪滹жҲ֪ᷢʲô⣡ߺ˵
Ҳʮͬĵ˵ͷҲãЩμҲ׳ˣϾֻһߣҲǰ׷ѡ
˵Ҳ޵ҵĽڵΪǺǿ۷壬ڱŲʲô۵ȥﵷҡ
˵ΣǸãΪҲǺأһǺǿߡ
ϽҵνʵҲǿ
ϹôΣգߺ뽣첻̽ԥĸ˳
ĸߺһ˲ͱ֣˰ΧˣʲôʱģףôҲгˣѲҲˣ
ߺʲôΪѲĺ龳
񣺡
ߺոյһһ˵ˣǲû˵Լ͵ѧ˵콻Լġ
˵һ仹£ָ֣ӣ˽¸һЩöģҲб˵ġ
Ҳ֣߼֮˵ģȻ˾ͽӯӯĶзݡ
񿴵ǵΪȹˣԷҩ˲ſԽЩҩǷá
һЩԸ֮󣬸ߺ˫ڽУ񷣬˲ʧڿС
ߺ˻ӰɣٶȾͲ˷ؼٶȸһڿжسɴ硣
˫һ֮£ߺӰѸٴԭʧתڰ֮⡣
ٶȣֱûа취ȵġ
ߺеĿƮڣɽׯɱˣȥƮһ˵
ҪǣƮƮķ١
ȥμףأҲưɡ
Դӻ֮䣬ߺǲǶľͷйأ
ڣߺһԱᣬٶȳɱӣֻĹ򣬸ߺٴλص˷ǡ
ǱĳǳأߺЩпкܶﲻʧԼС
ߺȴûйıĶɣ档
ԼʵĻ֪˶ٻˡ
󣬸ߺƮڷȥ
£Ըߺûſֱڿз翷塣
󵨣ƮڣڿзУǹĶҪڵߣߺڷţȻһӰǰסȥ·
ߺϸһ˴Լʮ䣬ͷ뻨ףͷһͷ
ϴһɫӣǰƶ䣬һ㶼ǳϣ˵еġ


282 ն
ٷ֪ҵ׺⣿ߺˣôżˣʵ
Ҫ˵ٶȣҪƹȫûģ˴ƮҪĿپһ
ߺ̫ſˣȻڷУȻǺĵӣ㲻ҪˣҪǰ翷壬÷Уٵ˵
ߺһЦڰոʲô翷壡
󵨣ҿǷ㾹Ҷײҡһ˵ţǸߺȻ˵ˡ
ΪʲôҸоôɶб仯û仯ɣһ뽫⣡ߺвϵ˼
ٻϲ˵ţƮڵĹһˡ㵽ûû
ߺȻû˵ﲻϵ죬ټˡ
ǿɶƮ֮ڵĹػᣬΪһӣȻһϵĵλҪߣߺΪûʲôʱ򣬺Ȼġ
ߺһ±ۣ֮ϵһͲ˵
ʲôߺʵ
Сӣңɣ˫۶ŭ𣬶Ըߺŭ
Բǹģĵģߺ٩
˵꣬ߺıһȶʧԭأ翷ĺǸطȥ
죬үˣһսɣߣߺһߺ
ߺûʹǰ洫˹СڵһУ
˵ţе͵ش򿪣ߺһȣкȻߺ
ߺ΢΢һЦҾ磬ۣ֮ʩչ֮ˣĲٿȥ
ǵĲٷȥһǷٶȼ죬ҪѾˡ
ֻ˫֣ôһЩоȻڿʧˡ
һĻøߺһ˵ʵѾߵһĳ̶ˡ
Ҫ֪ڵľѾǵǸˣһȫɱһһߡ
ǣȴ˫һͽǵˡ
УʵһΣߺû¶Լɻ죬Ц죺ңͣҲôݵģڿѾ龳ˣ
ǱߵľȻߺĳЦ˲ܲˣңо
˵꣬е͵غϣȻݺݵߺһ㡣
ߺ춼ҪˣǵȻǿѹ
ԣҵҪôù˵գߺȥŭ֮
ǵ֮ϣ˲ͽ֮Ȼˣⶳ
һǳɣǵ˲ͶŲٷȥ
پȻһж˸ԸߺŭĿӣ˫ְѹȥ
䡭
ٷȥʮףռ佥ѷ죬漴ȻĴʼѷ졣
ߺľ룺Ҳ̫ˣֻԵ٩ºְ
ˣߺȴ˴㡣
˲ڲǰŭ֮
ĳɱ˲䱬ٱ棬ŭľ죺ΪǸ㿴ģ
˵ű˫ȶͬһһ翷ȥ
һ᣺ոСӱǽķؼɣСôģǹˣУץǸϼһʲô˵Ǽһᣬ˼ҲǷ
˵ţԵ翷ȥ
ߺôĵӣȻҰƮҿǲˣڸߺ϶ŸߺЦ
ߺЦ֮ǣҲ֪˭ĲٳӦѾˣڵˣ
翷֮ϣһˣ翷ĺĵ껪
ףߺʦ֣ôпԴӱϣߺսÿһսֻһָ껪֪ˣԼѾߺǳԶˡ
ߺΪ˦üֳȥԱû˺͸ߺ֮ġ
û£ץ˸ϸ˵ŸߺеĲ١
껪ʿˮߺʦ֣ȷûзջʲôģ
ûа
ʲôϸǲٷʦֵܣ㽲׽껪С˵ǲƮڻ˰ɣҪǰҲøһҸҲ
껪Ц˵ʱȻվ󣺡˵ʲô
껪תͷһ˲䣬о綼ֹͣˣңʦ֣˵ߺҪǸҷƮڣһһ
˵ͷϻ٣Ͻȥ˵Һ͸ߺˣ
ߺգʵƮ֮ģ˭Υ
ߺ⵽Ҫʲô֪ץƮڵʲô껪ˣߵߺ߶˵
ԶԡֵܣңҲøߺôĴɣٺȻ
˵ˣͶġ˵˵ţסˣԽԽģž
ߺסˣסˣոճסˣﳤסˣ췴𣿡
ߺŲ٣žžǳ͡
Ǹңٿˣⶼʲô°ոոߺײԼԼҲˡ
Լȣû뵽˵˵žȻԼˡ
죡ߺȻסٵĲӣӲҪ㣬Ҫնɱ⣡
ߺ̫ˣ翷壬ҪΪԼǺĵӾͿô켱ˡ
ǸͬܰٺԼͬǷһ
һͣ˵ҪΪѾǺ龳ˣͿԲƮڷУ̫ˣ
֣һæҶסλ̫ϳϣٺܿǼٵģҪ֤ǿߺƳһֱߣ졣
쿴ߺһߺȷǧҪŪ˰Ȼ˵ǵʵȫû⣬һ־̫ˣ
ģո㷢ɱһĺһߣȫˣߺٴ˵
⣬ȻȵĿ٣û뵽ϼһصĹģãȻ˵ĻҾͰæ
˭һԽԽᶨı飬ľԽԽˡ
λ̫ϳֹĵӸߺĵӾ췴ƶһ˵
翷棬ȻɳӰƵǺˡ
ǸʲôϿ˲ٷ
쵽һ̾ͳ
ƵǹЦСӣӹģͿСӲǸʲô
˵һ㣬һɣ̽ջˡ
ˣľˣʹȥɣߺ¶һ˿΢Цкۣ۳һѱС
ڡ
Ŀ֮£Ǳ͸ٵĲӣѪ̲ûӿ
СӣҿһķƮڣѣŭһһһУߺȥ


283 Ŵս
ߺһһɱ𣬶ʹҲݺٽְˣ˵ţߺ졣
춼ˣô˵вУô˵ûװ
Ȼ˵ɳˣһǰӴˣȥ
ȹһ𣬽Ǳסˣ̫ϳϣ侲һЩǶ侲һЩȱ裬Ըĸ죬ȻȥһԺٻ˵˵Σ
Сӣߺһ֮ѣһɣƮڲҪͽŭˡ
Ʈ֮ǵͽͽôԼǰһܵˡ
ڵһ󣬾ͱ濪ˣŵĻǰӡ
תǴ򿪵Ӵڵ֮ϣȻӽڽںϡ
ÿһȽڣһ֣ռҲ
ֱһںϣҲȫ赵ʱǷռѾʼ̮ˣ翷忪ʼ·ɽҪ̮һ㡣
ǱҲ֮ˣȵĿž죺ŵһţʵȻԿˣ
ٺٺ٣ϼһƽһϴأҵѾˣ˵˵ŵһҿɲͬ⣬Ǹһɱǿһ˵ţһָָߺ
ŭʲôСӣ㾹ȻҽϼһҸƴˣ
ǻˣȴߺȥԼͲСˣһϼһﵹҲν
Ǳ߸ߺƵصսȴߺǿʵ۷
Ƶؾеĵݺݵߺȥߺ֣ǰһһ±ǽǰ
Ƶر֮˻ڣҲȥ
Ȼ󣬸ߺٴλ֣Ƕ±ǽʧˣһֱвٵʬ塣
ƵطĹߺżʧԭأڲԶĵطעеĲ١
۾ȻûпһƵأ·Ѿ˵ĲٱƵظв
ʹҲҪҷ£ʱƵؼˣվһеĵӿȥ
ǵôӴÿһβǿռ䶼ԴƬ
ߺעڱȥˣĺƵصƵ˵Ļ
һûôģһѾ˵ȤڶɾԡҿԱ֤Ჽĺ󳾣
ߺ˵˫֮еۺڽʧתѩ׵˫ܰΧͬһĺ
ǿͷ棬ͣĻԲˣҲ֪鲻֪飬һܲңߺ´ĶƵ˵
СӣϹۣǰȻ㣡Ƶһŭ𣬽ʹǿɽ˲ѿ
ᣡ
ߺһȻһ׳Ө͸ıᣬչȶ˲ͳڰ֮
ԭ˲ƵصӰһɽϣ翷˲䱻ˡ
ԭ㣬ֻҪһʱĻᣬʲôĻǾ֪ˣߺҲ֪Լٲ˵ĻĴˡ
ܣֲŷеǾԲŹģƵŭŶˡ
е˶翷ۼҪ׵׷ʲô顣
찵ںޣˣĴˣ治ýçײļһ
ˣҲԽԽˣҪ
ƵǾ仰ȻڶˣӲĽסһ
ǵ޻εĿھı۰ϣѪӿ
ֻ˵һ䣺ãȻɱִȨˣҿҲߵͷˣʲôһӣֻѣʦţ뾭ѵ֮ͽ
ʱԱߵľҲȥʲô֡飿ѾϺͿļһȻ͵ĻᶼǣͶǵǣ
żʹЦڿޣΪţϧߺܣϧҲͰˣǷһ˿͵Ļᶼǣ
ͷȻ̧˫۳죬Ѫ˿ҡҪС㡭ǡ
еӺȻʧˣȡ֮˫ƣۼ£
ţƺȻ޻εƵȥ˫ڰбɫͬ̿һɫ
̬ŭ૵
ƷȻ翷ΧĿռ䶼ˣæٵӭǱһĴײȥײˡ
飬Ȼû̵Ҿʲôȴһϯ֮أӴ֮ƮڶԹȫޣҲûһ˿ϵ쵭ĵ󱳸˫֡
֣¿ǳˣߺڿйЦ۽ȴһ˿ɣֵܶԲˣ
ߺո˵仰翷ɽȻӸովĵطʼƣǷ϶һֱ쵽ɽ¡
ʵǿһƾȻɽ嶼ˡ
ֲõ˵ʵǳǿֻû˭Ӯ˯䣬δ֪飡
ߺЩ̾ͬЩΣ֣ҵĴӲģʹܴǣⱾһ˵飡
ЦֵˣҾȻƮʮأֻΪṩסҶûʹŵģȻҵȣͶһɱ˴ţҪҲգ
Ա߶ˣʲôʵɽѿգʵȫǺǿڵʵ
ʷһθоԼʲôӦ˽һµĻᡣ
ǣڵ黹ںء
ڿУߺϵƵصĹһߺ;˵ʱ֪Ʈ顣
ϾƮû֮Ͼʮ꣬˭Щ顣
˿ѾƵأߺγ̾˶գںǣ
˵ţߺһ𣬺Ȼʧٴγ翷֮ϣȫº纣ˮһð
ӿȵĺĽ翷嶼ΧˣЩѸٶᣬ翷Ϊһɽ
ߺǸ³̾ı飬ֻû£еֻ̫
磡ôǷ֮˳ǰĳˡ
ֻһúõ翷룬һ˱ɽɽð˿˿Լо䳹ǣ⻹ԼԵʡ
ǱߵѾıˣסֱĨš
ҲðŴĺǴԱ߾ޣһɱ׹ȥ
˵𣿡쾪ˡ
ոأڲٵƯһ꣬ȴǲٵģ
ͷ˫ǣϲɫƬһε
ǣħڣʮ֮һĹ쾪ˡ
ǹȴ¸¹Цǲأﷴ¸¸£ս̫ˣСһﹻġ
˵ţЩ￴ߺߺȴ˵ԸˣҸߺ˳ƮڣӴ֮޶Թϸ𣡡


284 Ʈ
仰˵ڵʱе˶ˣǸߺǾӴƮ޹ϵ˼ǷƮˡ
Ҫǣǲϣ
ߺǸԻʱڳļ˲ףҲŷӦ
ԭʬоԲܹһСʱһСʱʬͻɢǻǽĸȾҲˡ
ߺΪԼģû뵽һ̫ˡ
۸ߺôҶҲĻǣǽһ㣬ôҲ
ԣߺҲû֤ݿԽͣϾ١ԼɱģĿá
ֻóƾʵƲŻŸߺ˵
ǣǸǲֱʱ췢ŭһƮ翷壬ߺ֪ˣûл͵ء
ʮֺڣԼǺ˾죬ȻҲڱǣ
Ȼ춼ˣԼҲûбҪƮڴˣԽ翷嶳ס֮ȻȻķƮڡ
Ѿ̶ֳˣʱҲҪˣеĹ˿ԥĳˡ

һУֵܶޱȵĺڣûʱˣѾ챻ˡ
ߺ죬ոǵĴְ㶫Ƶɦɦͷε˵
ߺĿ˾һۣ˼ȴǱĿ޸ֱϵơ
ȻѾˣҾͲںڣؾ죿Ͼһ˵ľܴˣԸߺ˾죬ѯ
컺˫ۣ˫۾ָ˷ƵǿĿһ䵭˵Ļóˮĳ˾ͷ
˵ţԸߺҵָƵĶ
ߺһһƿҩУҩУǽɫҩۡ
ҩ۸ھ˵ļϣߺɺˣصҩǧƲĥҩݣʹ֮˼һʱͻã
Ʋǧ֮ǰǰɫģͬһƣ۶ݵģֻҪǰƣҩЧһġ
ǣǧƲݾͻɻɫģɫǧݵƲݡ
Ǵ֮ɭʱлõһš
ʱ򣬸ոճŵߺһЩöƵط˫۷ŹĿŸߺеҩƿ
ҪöߺбԼеĺöɶࡣ
ҸߺƮڸҺܶᣬ˵Ṧȥ֮صγѾˣǺΪ֮Уǻɽׯؼ
˵ţߺһһֽһ֧ʳУߺڵзʽд档
ӸƵأƵʶסˡ
뾰һ⳥ɣħڵĹǻԼɣߺ˵ſ˾һۡ
Ȼ֪ߺʲô˼˵ͷ߰ɣȥʰһ¶
ߺҲ˵ͷȻҵãŮѻںɽ֮ϣȥһ͵
š쵭ĴӦһɽ崦ȥתۼš
ߺ˲ҪߵĹߣ㻹ֻһֵĻǾȻͣʵȫȻǿ
һЦȻȵɵʱ򣬾Ʈڵڣ
ߺٺһЦѩƮڣƮڣӦþϹȶμ֮еǹȵװɣ
˻һɫ䣺㣬ô֪ģ
ߺһЦ˲侲µġ
㣬ɶСһҪҵ㣬츳ӣĹһǳߺõģ
ݺݵ˵ߺ¶һ˿΢ЦҪҵ壬ҵÿǷ񱣵סˣ
ߣ˭ҡٺ˵һתת
ߺ·ϷӿŹż򣺡ȻĻҿҪ׷ˣ

һ쳹翷壬ûĹͷһ
Ϊʲôֱ˺ãɶɽȻˣڵת
ߺȶߣתˣǹԹԵĵ˵ٰɣ
ŭ֮
ߺַǹ棬һɺ˳ֱ£˲佫Χɱ
ǹô仯޷ѳȥ
ߺȶ򣬸ոߣߺǰǳϸոմˣ
ͣ⻰ߺƵأͣǣһ䣬ո˵һСʱ֮ǽ͵ʱʲôķӦ
ǿͣһʱҽ͵ĻҲ³·ʱӦѾ뵽Լ·ˣ
ǰҪ޲ýɱ֮ΪһǴˣͻɵ𣿡
λȨصλ̫ͣˣѾôΪˣԴˣǣˣ
˵꣬ߺıĶ˲ԭʧٶڰ֮⡣
ߺҲûн翷ᶳ翷ɽԶأһӣ˶ǵá
һ죬Ʈλǿ뿪ƮڣߵģƮǿߡ
ӴˣƮһ겻ֱѩΧ󽫾֣ǰƮ֮ǰһ顣
⼸Ȩ˺ڲѡ
֣һڷôԸƮأҪͳһȫԲһ˿ڸߺƮڵӣǲŭ磬㣬ʱƮڹʢȴû뵽Ʈȥˣлǡ
Ƶøɱ³ƮڵӽѩľţΪѩı
ȻǺ󻰣ڵĸߺصɽ֮ϡ
磬ôˣһѱסߺ˸߲ҵʵ
ߺǷһ˿Цãһʱ֮侹Ȼ֪˵ʲôá
־ƽ⣬Ӹı߳˵ôˣղǰ翷ģ̫ϳϳˣ
ߺЦŵ˵ͷǣˣ
ûбǴɣ˼ڻͣڸߺǻ۷ߵһ׶Ρ
ߺҡҡͷû򣬲ûסϲɱˣ
־ɵɵĿŸߺΪߺˣ治˵ĵʲô˼
ֵܣ׼ϾҪˣ棬ɽϻص
־Ŀ˸ߺһңӣôһȥģһһӣ˵ǰһ³ɹ뵽龳磡
ߺû˵ֻεҡҡͷǸϿʰɣӽǾͲƮһԱˣһػʳǰɣ
Ȼһʣ־סûѯʣǹԹԵȥʰˡ
˵ߺţܹһߣǾʹߺѾŲˣѾ˷ˣôٷԸߺأ
ߺûʲôʰģһתСɽ֮ߣĸλǸϡ
˿ܣߺһ֣Ǹɵӻɷĩһ֣һźӳ
ߺȥôЩ᲻ã


285 ˣ
Σû뵽Ʈڻû䵽ֵزǾȻ͵ĻᶼûУЩ̾
ߺȥļ򣬳ֿ˵ǱǸˣҽ˹϶Ҳ
쿴˸ߺһۣЦһȭС˰ɣƾ㻹ûа취ҵȥԼ뷨
ߺЩֵ˵ǿΪʲôֻǹӼأʵӦúⰡ
Ҫ֪ովĽһɽˣһǸƵ翷塣
ҲȻܹ翷ȫˣ翷һ壬һأͬ٩
躹㶮ôǿһ˿˳ǵǾ޵ˣһͨģߺΣ
ߺεҡҡͷҿǿǿҴѹҸĽ
½˳ȣҲͬҾֻԸң䣬뾡
ڻϲҶûˣòҰһߺ΢΢
˫һðǱ֪֣ҳƵ֮᲻½ԺȥﳩһҲ
Ը߰ɣ׼Ҳˣ
˵ţߺվתʧڿС
ĿһۣҲվ÷ľҪӺ󶹸˵߾ߣ
ߺ־иߺʱˣǸߺǶԱᡣ
һֻĸоһԱĴ򣬸ߺ˲ȥ֮⣬ֱǿаسɴ硣
ľҲץסСţ¶ˣ磬ϵһ㣬ٵߺ׷ϡ
ʮֵߺ֪⾳ơ
ںʱ򣬾˵Ƶ״̬Ϥһ֮⾳
֣пǱһΣߺǰ棬žĽ
ǣߺ֪ԼѧģҪؼԼ׵ѧңȴ֮⾳
Լû֮⾳ʩչ
ðֵܣֻҪÿգ۾ţ֮еĲ죬ת컬
ãǿЩУ˵ʵڵģаʱ䣬һкܶأ
ߺ˵ǹѡڴѾһˣ빫ѡ߰˸µʱ䣬ߺȷкܶƻûɡ
ǰ꣬ǲ꣬£ҡͷԸߺ˵
ΪΣߺ⡣
ͣߺԼһ飬ǴѩȥҪʱ䡣
ʱʮֵĽȣҪ֪֮㣬ٶѩĹǿǿֵϰ
ҿ·ҪСһ룬Ըߺ˵·ǺԶģҪǰߡ

ߺ뾰ٶʮֵĿ죬ֻһ͵˱
֮󣬸ߺʹŸߺ־ظ߸ˡ
˵ԼĶϱˣ֥Ǹ˵æߺæͷŮˡ
ûе˺ʲôƵģߺͻȥˡ
ߺסˣǣңǣǺòã
У֪黨ǲݣǣɣ˾ͽСӣŸߺݺݵĵ
־Ҳ֣ǣ˵滹һǲǣҪٸңҾ͡˵ţ־ȻһĶ
ߺԼһϮæסεЦЦᣬˣ
ߺ˾ͽ־ĽЦҲƵķˣǸˣʱø糿糯ʱ
ԴүʼԼ񻹴ûϹһ糯ء
ԣȥԣ֪ôʱЩѼ죬Ҳһѡ
ߺĺܺãǸطгˣҪ

ȥõҲ飬Ǿ飬ȻˣһְôԵأ
ߺֱõĵطȥſڲŻ½
վסд̡μһֲǰߺǿߺģ֮󣬾ֵĹ
汾һЩ飬֮ѻȸһûˡ
ߺǵĿ˽ȥȻʹкλŵ̫ˣ֣ôվڸߵĵط
ѧʿʲôģüëšһˣҵĴû𡭡
λû״ˣĻ簡ô͵ˡ
ТӣϿס죬Ӷˣ߽ɾϹҲסˣŸߺŭ
ߺͷôˣû㷢ôĻ˭ǵˣҰѵȥ
֣ЩΣԼĶʹһɫ֣ˣ̨ڸߺ˵
үү״үͱŵ˳ǳãҺ԰
ߺεͷðɣģźȲģ
Ҫߺ֪ĺǶεһ㶼ʹƮڿ½־ʱҲרߵġ
ټϣǵ֮֮аҲȫǹߵ飬ûдΡ
ߺҿģվԭǴ˯
֣һʯͷˣ벻զʲôˣֻҪλүڳ֮ϲ˵а
ʶһֲӣԱߣ˼ˣ֣һͷϵĺˮ
֣֣֮һӡ
ߺ󣬺ԥһƨ棬Ŵ˯
Ϊһѧȥˣ°͵ѩ׵ĺ룺£΢лҪ˵
֣忴֮ЩΣҲЩ
ѧ˵˾ǸѧӣھһֱΪʤ䣬ڼѧµһ˿ɵС
һѩ٣ϼһ߶µĹˣ˵ʲôΪ̨ηҪزˡ
ǣ֣岢ҪκΣ£ѧڶ࣬кܶĹٶϼһѧ
ûа취ȻƷǼ֮֮ˡ
֮ſˣȻǸġ
Ȼ֪Ľìͷ׼˸߽һƷϡ
֣ͷʹѣտߺǰһȻıս֣Ҫθߺһ
лֱ˵֣ϾΪһ֮ǰˡ
ܱǾȻһ֮䱻ǣ˷ָʼٸ߾ǡ˵⣬ϼһȻ˵ˣ΢֣̿ڳ̫󣬻ϳ͡
ҶԲԣߺ˫ۣĿǸϼһ
Ϊ³ѧˣȻһƬǸϼһѧ
ߺ˴εҡҡͷҽǰȷ飬ҷƮˣһλѣ֣ʱʱ
ߺһȦȦ𶯣̵ܼĳþȻʼˣ̮Ŀܡ
һУеپˣŸߺ㶡
ֹһֲ治µһѧŰе˶ʼ̾


286 ϻ
ߡһȺçιҪƵģȺֻ֪ɱ¾ç򣡡Ǹѧһ
ڵĸ߽ɾԼӣⰡ
ԼĶӾȻôǿе˶סˣûȥȺѧ˵Ļ
磬ߵ磬ʹұôģֻһǿߣ̼Ҳܽһٵ
˵ֻһǿߣһ˵
ߺںеͬʱõȻƱɫһ˲ڳõſڡ
ˣǺ𣿡ǸǾ죬Լӣһҡ˽
Ŷңӣôˣ֣弤ĴӻλվʵĿá
һԱǿĴڣѩ˵ٺòˡ
ѲɣߺһƮڣΪʲôѲ˷磬˵ǡ֣ЩȣҪ֪ڵƮ֮ǰĵλҲͬˡ
Ƶλǿߵĳ֣ƮڳΪѩһ
ǣңߺĹҲǺܴģȺǿĵӣռõλǺܴġ
ڸߺңһ𷴳ƮڣƮڴӴʧȥһĵλ
Ҫѩܸʲôְλأңڳ֮Уʴʡ
ڸʲôǳãˣȥɱˣǸѧ̲סˣž
ֵĿ˿ϼһ˭׳𣿺ٺ٣ܲɱó
ߺɼ򣺡ν飬˵ȫĹٶģǲҪҲգ
ǷˣǷˣɱ͢٣лг͢Ƕڸʲôǲѩ𣬸Ͽ콫˸׽ˣѧŭˣӶˡ
ȫٶɵƵĿǰϼһߺ뾰죬ʲôЦ֪ʲôʵ
֣ѩٴλһλʵۡ
ߺҲַͷһĹѵû˸һķ𣿡
֣Щ˼Ŀ˿ߺԼѡģ
ˣڲ˵ĻҾ˵ˣ뷷⣬ΪңӵͬĵλûͬȨС̫˵ˣߺ˵
Ϊʲô
㴳󹬣ԺôҲνҪ˵󹬣ǿз֮ߺ˵
ߣȥһΣߺվȥ
ɼ򣺡ðɺðɣҵĳʲôʱãǵҪȥʲô
ߺһӶסˣ˵ҽɽׯɱˣߺѩ鷳ûƮڵıӣͱԼѰӻˣ
˵꣬ߺ󽥽һԱᣬǱ᳤׶ʱ򣬸ߺĳӶԭʧ
εʼһµļһô󣬾Ȼϵĵһɱˣе˼
ٺòˣͿЩԴļһﲻˬˣŽȥǣɱɱôɷһתʧԭء
ˣȴе˾ˡ
ʲôߺɱ˻죬ÿµʵ
Ȼµһڵˣҿӣȥһɽׯ鷳
£붨߼ҵУ޷ı뷨
ǸϼһﻹʵȤ̸Ǻĵȴ߶µĲ˵ʲôˡ
ɵЩҲ֪ʦ˵򲢲Լ
һ־ˣ֣˻λϼһгߺʮ״εҡҡͷ
ȥն˰ɣǻʲô˵֣忴ĵӡ
޻˵ЩǿˣԼֻһȺһԸĿ棬Զι
ӳóȥ֮Ǳ㿪ʼ˽ߡ
֪ʲô򣬾ȻͣҶҶԴΣ
ǲ˽ⲻ֪һ˽һӴ֮Ҳڸߺǰ˵ĵˡ
ߺ뾰ӳóȥֱ֮ɽׯǸȥ
ɽׯ֮ڻ֪Լ˽дǻɽׯڡףĲء
ߺȻҽһɽׯɱˣɱǺüϣƮ̫Դˣˣ˸һȥƮڣҪ˵
֮ڴƢЩ찵ã֪Լɽׯ˭ˡ
Ǹ˵ĸߺ֮ɭ֮һԾΪӼֵĺ
ЩϢǴѩʿĿе֪ģһŭ֮»ɱ˺üѩʿ
ɽׯûлˣ¸ߺǰݷãûȻ׳ߺˡ
ңҲǰݷãڻɽׯ֮վˣǸߺ뾰졣
ɽׯĵӿɷˣԴſʼû˸ɽׯģվڰ˵
ʹŵλ壬Ʒ֮Լ̸顣
ǸԳңǴ˵еңӰɣ
ûȷƮڵңӣʮ֮һ˴ڶ
Ա߾Ǹߺߺ
ǰɣߺǰʱҲֻǻؾ磬ڲһ꣬Ѿ龳ˣ
ܹϷɵĻǺ龳ܣǸߺһԳȴôҿһš
Ŷԭ˷ؼֲܷأǵĵҲ̫ˣǵˣÿͿ˵Ƕȴվţʴʣ
׿̲סˣ˴Լĸ󣺡ߺСңСǺôĵӣûǣǷˣ
ߺЦǰȷ飬ңֶ˷Ʈڣûйأǵһ
ʲôǸ˼ʮִ󵨣ˣǶ˸ҷҪѵһΪǸߺթԼء
ôţκһɾոҲò˭ϷſúŹŵġ
ȴ֪ߺ˵ȴ滰
˵ţ߾ͷգóԼıУߺ˹
ߺ΢΢𣺡ҵģ
˵ţһԱչ߾һġ
ɺ߳ȥ˲ͽ˱ڰУ߾ֱֱ׹ȥ
ҽס׷ˣߵ˵
С㣡˵ţ׾˲ڸߺǰΪʾɽׯ֮ʩչԼľ

˲䣬һʮɳֵڿУߺȥ
ҡͷβ䣬ռƬƬ̮
ռ䶼ȵϢŤˣߺ֮󣬲ϲ֮ۡ
ǣǻ׵Ϊ̫ǿˣߺ֮۾Ȼ޷͸
ߺһһڿУӴС׵СͬܵĿռ䶼ĸʵˡ
ͬҡͷβһͷײƿռ䣬һβɨһƬ


287 ׶ͼ
תۼ䣬һˣ˺ҧʽȻһģһڸߺıѹŻ׵Ļ棬ȻռϷ硣
׿ˣʲôǻɽׯؼôģǲĸС˸㣡
ߺ¶һ˿΢Ц֪Ĵ𰸣㻹ȥĺͽͽɣ
ɴƬĿռ̮ռ䲻ס𶯣Ʒ忪ʼݡ
սƣ˲ڸߺ󣺡ɣ
˵ţһƾߺͷӡȥȵƷ罫ռŤˡ
ѩ
ߺһ巴תֱױȥ
ԸϵƷӿһ֣ٶȸӿߺͷȥ
ʱڻ׵ĺٴδߺѩ
ڻ׵ĺͬٴγһߺһ׵屧ȥţķӳߺ壬׽İΧ档
Ȼ󣬸ߺӰڻ׵Ϸ˫ۣǽ
ڻ׵һºȻ׺ıǽֹ״ߡ
װ˻ģ͵һУܴƣǰƱ˰ֻɫ׵Ӱӣݺݵĸߺײȥ
ʣֻ϶ȥϣЩ϶󣬺õѡ
ߺԸ˫ۺȻȫۺڣѩɫ۾ܺȻһͬɫĺ
Ҿ磡
̣
ĵӰǽȻȫʧˣһŴССĺװΧѸٵ۳һ̡
Щ֪̾ͬԼĿ˭һŸߺֺϣݺݵмĻȥ
һУ׸ûзӦϾͶı̣ͬһһ㡣
ʲôҡȻˡһСû˵꣬ˣе֧֣һӻ֮ոƮȥ
ߺε̾һһǿļһϧ̫Դˡ
ڵĸߺҪɱױҲûôǿֻΪߺһ۷أһʼˡ
Ļװ˻ʮֵǿ󣬶Һ񲢲ֹʩչֻף
˵ȫĻߺı̾Բô׾ʹǰֻףңǸ׾ȻԴûʩչ
ò˵ȷһ⡣
棬Ҳûţڸߺɱ׵ʱѾ嵽棬ɱɱ
еȲϵĻ裬ͬһֻĺǣȴ֮裬ÿ趯һ¾һ˱
ߺ˿ں׷ž󺰴еĺߣεҡҡͷڶǼɵء
ʵҪɱļһֻ˳ֵ飬ƫƫװһеӣϵܡ
ߺûôĿȥת׵ʬԱߣָϵĴָ
Ȼʶ棬̽һȻûرصĶǺöƺҲ١
мĹһؼȫġ
ߺȲóۿȻԼıҲǺǷȱһʲô
ڻУУԼѧˣô͵Լֶһűơ
ߺؼˣؼһֻΪ֣һ֮ǰԼ͵ѧͬ
ֻǷУ⾳ϣиߺ֣ԼȻһЩ㡣
ڻȽɢᣬԻ֮⾳ҪҲһЩȴͬԱͱȻںϵһ
ԣõӦһЩȻۡ
ߺҲˣԭԼЩԾԼıûôȻʮֵļӲǻԱȲϻǱѹơ
ڻĽָ֮ҵ˺ܶҩ˵ջķˡ
ߺԼڰȫϵƻռ䡣
ߺ¶һ˿΢Цһ֮зɳһ˿⣬뵽ߺ֮С
棬ǱڿеĶ˺ܶ࣬һһ㡣
ҿ֮ǰҲӵļˡ
ߺһɽׯײȥһͷײڻƷ֮ϣƷ嶼ײˡ
ҲıУȥϺ˱꣬Ļɽׯĵڸߺһ֮¡
еĵӱɽɽˤɽׯһʱ˼˶ȥˡ
ôˣף治Զʬ֮дŰɣߺһۻ׵壬û
ߺףʬ֮ڣһʱ֮ߺԼٳ
ߺܸᣬ˫һȻĻŭ֮
˵ţлӳһͬ״ĺǺڻ׵ʬ֮ϣ̽Ǿʬ
еȴҲԶˣôһһʱ֮󣬾㲻Ҳˡ
ߺ뾰ɱǼ鳤֮󣬾ȥһ鼮ȵȶһա
ɽׯĲĲ㣬һ鼮ڶֻڷżͨߺĹۿ֪ǻɽׯѹ׹
ʱſڴһƣԸߺ˵ƸСҼƵģһ־Ƶˡ
룬ƵĻ׶ɱˣ͸˵һˡ
ȫǱָнױ½׶
ߺ㣬нױȻ֮࣬½׶Ͷˣʮ
֣ȫ˿ɺãߺ¶һ˿΢Ц˵
û뵽췴ҡҡ֣ûм壬һҪôãӵǺʺңҾҪˣ
˵ţǱ֮һӡ
滭ɽˮϸȥɽˮġ
ɽеǻģͻɽһ߶󿴣ȴʱʱҧ
ˮеˮвϵζϷʳûһ޴Ĺ㣬ſԼ죬ݵţͬһ㡣
ʲôӣȻн׵ıߺȵĿžеʵ
쿴ͼ׶ͼ
ߺɣΪһֻϻһ׶ͼˣҲ̫˰ɣ
΢΢һЦ֪㲻ţٿ
˵ţԴԴϵǱͶȥ
ڸߺǰǸϵͼȻȫӣɽϿſɴ˿̱һ߾ã˵á
ʻʬ壬ԴԴϵѪǸոĺ
ˮˮܺѪҺǼϷûб֣˽ţǱʬˡ
ͺͺɽϣֻϻģ˫ͷۣͷ֮ϳһ֧ǣðźɫĻ档
ˮеĹҲǸģһˣһֻе𾢡
⸱ͼߺоȫëըˣʲô˲Ŵôһͼ
쿴֮գԸߺͼǷӦ׶ͼ֣
ջصʱǷͼҲ±ԭӣһɽˮ㣬һͻɽ
ǣ˿̸ߺȴͼˡ
֮׶ĳ˵θ


288 ֮
һ㣬ҲǵĲʱſڴߺȴһֹסˣߺһӣȻûʧ
ߺ̲ʲôȻôǿĽƣѲ֮Ҳкö
콫еǰѸոյõӴ򿪣ӣɽׯһɣп϶һЩñģǴ򿪿ͺˣ
˵ţеȿʼǽƹȥ
ӽڽںϣռҲԽԽټϾõн׵ı˺ܶࡣ
ȫӺϵʱǼ¥ѾʧˣΪһѷ档
ߺ뾰ӷ֮гǸ¥ȴһ˿𻵵ļûС
ĺǿҸղŵȷȫڼӣʹǺǿҲֻܱܶӲԼӣȵ˵
ŭԣߺԱ顣
ŭǾǿһУ翷һƷ
Ĺ˵˾ͷ֣һǸƵһŭ
Ȼֻ֣ȴԷΪöಿ֣ͱ˵ĸƵ
ԷΪȷƷṦ֮ģŭǾͻƺ龳֮ʱһС
ŭֻһƣǷƵһԺдھԼоˡ
ǿǿ֮⾳Ϊ̬֮
ãҾ԰ɣ˵ţ콫еӷԼ֣˫ۺȻͨ죬ƿʼ
ǿŰϯķռ䶼ʼͷʼһɨ֮ǰ̬
ͬϵƳһ㣬ܵģ˸оʮֵѹ֡
ŭ
ȻֱɫȻ޻εһĸ¥档
Ǹ¥Ȼ³ȥǿ˵£ߺ˫һ
ǽ
ĸ¥֮ѸٳһıǽֹǸ¥³ȥ
Ǹ¥ܵôǿĴʼǲûı֡

ߺ˵һһڿУǸ¥һȥ
ǲ¥ϵײǲ¥˵ֱѩϼ˪
ǲƾǿܹܣڸߺѹһݡ
¥һˣľмɣȴ˽ȥ
á
ߺѾˣһȥ
ߺֵǣ֮Ȼһ⣬ȻӲĽ˳ס
ߺô˻ᣬһ֣ͻź뵽ߺڡ
ʲôȻôǿҵı˺ˣߺȵ˵֪Լı̺Լı⡣
ǱǿԱصߣȴ˺ˡ
ߺ廯һӰУҲû
ߺûҲǳ֣п˿ͬҲˡ
ĵλãһʯ̨ʯ̨֮ϰڷһŴԼȭͷôĳɫӡ
֮з·ҽĿռȴŤˣֲñȥʱ򣬱Ա߳ٶס
ߺԭΪԼıȺأȴΪܵĿռ䶼Ťˣǽ뵽ƬŤĿռ֮С
ԣʲôƷ
˵ţֱۣǿŻɫӴȥ
ǣǶǸȥģǸռʱֱȴĴһ򴩲ˡ
ߺ˫һУһͬԣ˵ţֻ֣ǳɫȥ
Ҳһֻ֣ǿȥ
ŵĶͬķ򣬵ǵ֮˵־Ȼͬһ
ߺе뾰ϵ˼ҵײǿϢ
ǳ뵽ƬŤʱȻˣƬ򲻶ϵĴڸߺ뾰ֵķٴγ
ǿĳ˵ϸ˵Ѫۡ
ϵѪģߺϵѪȴǾѪ˵ʵߺ̫࣬Ǹߺ壬ǿѡ
˵ֳ֮󣬾һȻӣֲıȴɽׯڶ㣬ҼôǿĽƣҪ˵ܹƿأ
ߺ뾰֣żʹǺصǿ߶ܹйˡ
ǣȴøߺ˱ؼټϾǿһŭƿ
ɫӲǻ׷ŽȥģпǸϼһŽȥģߺ˵
˼һڻʲô˵ɽׯʦүǺصߣƷ壬ʱĻƷûɽ
ǣȵҽŻ⣬ں棬Ҳһͷ˽ȥ淢ö飬˵Ҳû취ȡͽʯͷһȡˡ
Ȼ󣬾ڻƷ彨˻ɽׯǻɽׯ

󣬸ߺ˵ͷҲ˵öǻ֮Ȼȭͷô󣬹ֲôǿأ
Ҳһʲô֮˵ֶʮѵãǿĻɽָ֮״һ飬ҲҪĹ⾰ֶԻü󡣡
ߺ˫һߣҵþǰ
ǰɣãȻǡ˭ʮֵľȣεʵ
ߺεʼ磺ˣϴδƮڳʱϴŵǸСŮ
ǸصǸ˵ʮһ갡ȻأӢ۳갡˰죬Ȼ
𣬲Ź˲ѣһܾԶӣòԹǻʣߺ·ģŸߺ
֣öԲ࣬ɺã찡ȻȻ෴ĴԼͷԣεЦ
ߺȴöҾͲˣ
˵⣬ҪȥʲôֵǮĶҳԺٲǰ
ߺͬı취Ǹʯ̨һŵָС
ȻǿսָȻĻߺµʱĶȫյ
ߺ뾰ŲƵĻƷ˴ѹΡ
ֱǾߣŹһһľöã˳۵Ķͻ١
Ըߺ˵вٴǰˡ
ߺŮӣѾֽѩˣһҪСģǧҪ˵ˡ
ȻֶЩ˽˴Ľ
ȻĲƱڻɽׯģߺҲôСһ˸ĽƱ
󲿷˶ˣԭɽׯĲƸ˵ֱǾţһë
Ȼëˣţ
ңëûôࡣ
󣬸ߺ뾰ߵʱɽׯӣǷƵġ
ߺ뾰ջҲķᣬһŵĶһţȻܶˡ
ߺһõƱҲģȻʯԼа飬ƽ֮󣬴Լһʮ顣
ȻֵǮĶƱָ֮Ķˣ಻ʤ


289 ӡռ
ߺ˴ջķᣬŴĲƸöǻص˱
ٴν볯֮ʱ˸߼ң˾ͽңˣе˶ΨΨŵŵĿŸߺˣ˵κһ仰
ٻĹ٣ȻߺƽˣǾʹǴеĿĴˣǿɲţߺ˻˵ջ
컹һ㣬Ͼң֮Ƕţȴûйн
ߺͬˣȥһ£Ͷˣߺ˵һһԾŶ
ſջ
ǣܹȥɽׯҲĻܹŻֻ˵һ⣬ǻɽׯЩ߶Ըߺһ취ûС
ϣһöӣѩĽ֣λϹЦҶ˸ߺֶ뾰ֶλ
ԺߺңӽʹҲȵȣڳ֮ϻ¡
Ӵˣѩ߶λЩǸߺ׼ġ
ߺ΢΢𣺡Ϊѩһֲѩؽʱ̣ӦóһЩǣȽæûգ
ʱ򣬸ߺһӣһƬڳ֮ϣռá
һߵľҲʾߺ˵ͬĻֻǸһֲĳң
һӣһƬ鱦һλϡ
ڣطվĵطȻûбλˡ
ߺŬŬ죺߰ɣⶪˣһЩҪؼأ
֢֣¶ôоЩŤأǸҵ޽ûа
֣亹ֱүߵֻ˲ʮ죬Ϊһһͺˣ
ң»Ҫȼ£ϾΪ㽨̺ƴ󣬲ô򵥾깤ģôģȴܹ˵ֻ֣εô˵
ţ⼸Ҿסڸߺˣ߰ɣ˵ţһתʧӰ١
֣һ˵ֱĨһҲ̫óõ˰ɣ˵˵߾ߣаѽƱһһأǻϿ
˵ţ֣ͶЩ

ص߸֮󣬾һֱŲ
ߺȴûбչأڸסһңǵ߲ĵңͬŵһһ㡣
ڸ߽ɵҲǣ˵ңεȴûŪ߲㣬ֻѡ
ģȴܶࡣ
ڸߺԼķ䣬ûжΪûбҪ
ܹԼϵĶԼˣûϵĶԼöǺܴ
ԸһУߺͱչˣαչѡڱ
ڰУȻͷźЩΧһ״мȴǿĵġ
Ȼ󣬸ߺԼ壬ǿű˲ĺˮ֮С
ߺкͿʼϢǱ̺Ÿߺ⾳ĳ̶˷ָ
Խ֮ټĺˮͿʼ
ˮкüǱȻķǳĴʵһ塣
ںˮ֮Уߺǻ֮óڷԼǰñ֮йĺˮڻˡ
Ǹߺ̫СˣŻ֮ȻʮֵǿȻǻûеԿڻߺĳ̶ȡ
ΣߺŻ֮֮лʵڽռѿ˵ڿռһֽŵĻܸǿ
˵Ϊѩʮֵϡ¿ռ䲻̫ȹ̣ǵĵĻߺ޷ԿռκӰ졣
ԣߺԼĿķŵоռ֮档
ߺ֣Ըıռ䣬ֻıռķʽͬҲͬѡ
˵ֻܼ򵥵ѿռ䣬ռ䣬ܶࡣ
棬ǰ֮漫ŤܵĿռ䣬˵ԶҲ
ǣߺıһȼȻˣҲӦͬЧ
뵽⣬ߺͿʼʵ顣
ϵͷű⣬ҽ֮ÿһ̶ֳȵʱ۵ıͻᱬը

䡭
Ҳ٣ߺ㵽û갡¡¡ŪͣͲˣҲ֪ԼǵڼѾĺˮ֮·ŭˡ
ڷĺúõģͿʼըҾͬϴһ㣬
ܲԲһеĳŸߺһٴȻεֻصȥ
ҸߺˣʵǸߺı̫ǿˡ
ùŭûһãһ㡣
һֻǺһ룬ҲѲȥˣȻһ·ϱˡ
Ӵ֮󡣾һµİã
ߺĺԺѾ̣Ĳˣÿں죬Ϥˡ
ÿһ˶һö䣬ɤš
ã˶Ǯһﰡ
˱ȽϱˣһǮһǱǸͱȽϹˣǡǮһ
ŶҪǱߵĲˣǱߵıȽϺãǮҲ󣡡
㣬ܲұһЩ
Ǻã͡Ǯɣ
ÿ춼ں캮֮䣬ʵõ˺ܺõĶΪÿһŴ̹ǵϺ½üȡ
ǽأÿü¶ȡ
һʼǵҲϰߣȫðˣľϰˡ
Ƕܱ߶ϸʮ꣬Ӵ˵ţٳǣƳǡ
쾭ÿĶŭһԽԽϤˣ治ôߺôȴߺ
ͳҴһҸ㣬۽͸ˣ
˵㻹ò˰Ҫҵңˣһˣ
ʱ£ƽѩˡ
ڵ֣ϴһ˿ζһ˰̣ʮֵı뺷ΪҲ˺ܴ
ߵʱ򲻹أѾǻˣõҲʮֵ졣
˵֣յʵһս·磬ѾǷǳǿˡ
ǻƻܹƭһĺߣокܺõЧ
ֲõ軪۹ҪĽɫء
˵֣մڴм䣬ûǴм䡣
ʹǻߴŶ飬ôԱ߲ƺƹȥ
Ϊģ֣յĻʩչǵ·һƬɭ֣ƺ
طвͬĵطǿˣǱȻôˬѡ
䡭Ҹߺڳˣүɹˣǰ
Ƕһ˵ǲߺĻȴȴ˳
֣ɻ󵽣ˣоʲôˣ
Ҳ٣ߺˣթҸոΪʲôܶˣţһŭ
ǿ˿߸ķ򣬼ˣ··Ѿϰˡ
ӡռ䣬һ˿ռİˣ̫ǿˣߺ˷ܵ˵
ӡռ䣬ʲôҵȥ⽣ˣһԽչʧԭء


290 
ߺĳˣչؾΪоñƿռ䣬óû֮۲죬⼸º󣬸ߺ˳ɹ
֣Լıһʱ򣬻Ƿռʱķա
ǿռ֮еĶ̫࣬ûа취ѿռ
ȻǿҲͬûа취Ըովոճ֣Ҫߺһٳû뵽˲ͱߺס壬ܶ
տռ˵Ϊ֮ͬΪֻܱסӣʵʹߵһ
ôӡռЧ룬Ǹߺٴμ롣
ǸߺĻٴμ룬ԴƣֱǸߺʮʱ򣬸ߺȫˡ
һǶԷͨռ֮ߺûа취֮Ӱ졣
ǣŶûж٣Ϊռ֮ʱ֮е֮˽ġ
ߺҲǽǿĺһռʱӡ
Ҫ֪ǳߣǺӾߣûмܹ˽ռ֮ġ
ʹ˽⣬Ҳǿ
ռ֮һռ֮õṦ֮У仯Ī⣬ӵĿ졣
õʽ֮У˷ʤ
֮иãһЩ߻Կռ֮ţԼ͵δ֪ĵط
ȻڵĸߺԶûĿռֻ֮ǸոûֻһЩƤëѡ
˵ֻǰ벽ռ֮ǿռ֮
ǣڵĸߺ̶ֳȵĿռ֮ȫΪһơ
ߺں۷壬ߵ
סӵʱ䣬ڸߺ˵Է飬ֻһӲʱ䣬ͳھֵ
ô𣿡ߺ˵
εʼ磺ðɣ̫ˣĲĶ֣ȵһҵŭǸƵµʽٴģ
컹û˵꣬ȶԽѾߺϷˣ˵µʽһΣ
ߺ𣺡ðԸ
˵ţһ㣬ȻԼ岻ٶˣˣ֮еתˡ
е΢Լĳ򶼲ͻᶯˣԼƯڰУʹûҲһƯڰС
ô
ӡռ䣬Ժиˣͽպˣߺһ˵ţıȻ֣Ȼȶڽ֮
ֵϣôҪҪˣҵŭ֮а취𣿡
Ӻܿ죬һͽ⿪˷ӡ֮еܹ˳˱ĽҲܹȶˡ
ȴ֪Լˣܸߺˡ
һʧ˵ǴĻҵƾУôԼǳ׵׵İˡ
ܵôɴ࣬ʼոߺֻС
ڵѾȥĹѡˣֱսĺˣ˵
Ȼ֪Щʵ˶٣ǶǱȽϸߵţӦñҸ߰ɣ˵
ߺЦЦȻֱսȻȥˣлʶָţҪһս
쿴һܣ̾һѩ㱣ǵˣǿʱģǴҪֽڣٲߵĻĸϲˣ
ߺ֪飬Ҵѩģʱ·̲ôøϵġ
һЦҾȲˣٺ٣ڲĻкܶ飬ЩΪ㣬ҵ̫ʱˣ
˵ţ˲ԭʧһ̱Զ򱱷ȥ
΢΢һЦСӣȻڲǼծǼŮӿı
ߺһŵͼ֮󣬰·ǣǾǸ֮С
Ҳûдкķ׷ȥ
ߺεĸ˸ͷǰɣ˵һߵģļһǶˣ
ʱֽҲ˹ʲô鰡˵оУôҪҪһ
ߺЩΣԣ㻹ǣҲ֪ô˵ˡ
û˵꣬ߺֽ̳ڵִ֮ϣСʱϿʰҪȥˣ
֣չߺ˵Ҫȥ²˵ðʲôʱȥ
꣬⻹ûˣ˵ţߺ編ƣһ֣յ󣬽һ
ȵ󽫾ƹҲոˣʵܹﵽǿľ磬Ϳȥˣ˰Сʱ⿪
˵ߺﳤȥ֣סҪԶˣȻҲ˵һңԼԼоγԶţкܳһʱԼܻزˡ
ס׵ķ䣬ߺߵš
ɣҪأ߽ɵ˵
ߺͷЩأ׳ŵӽȥˣʱ䣬ߺڴˣĭӡ
ԭһȥ߽ɾͶŸߺһͷ˵̡
㳤ˣӲǰɣҵķ㾹ҲҺҸ죬ô£֪ʲôط˯𣿡
Уĵô£㲻ߴҲˣû뵽ȴ½㵱ǵ󲻳ɣ
ߺˣæԼָе鱦鼮ؼеҩȱҡ
߽ĵ˵ͷ⻹˵žǶѹȥ߼ȻǰΪңţǲ˺ܶ࣡
Ȼ󣬸ߺԼõĸ¥ȥ
ϾŮӣŵʱߺĿһš
֨ѽѽ
ŷңŮȫˡ
Լøھ֮ǰͣգԱ߻ڷ·
ߺͷ󺹣Щ·ġ
˾ͽ̣־ӯӯŮǿŸ·ߺŵһŮ
ߺŮϻ̳ϿֵĹμү
𿴸ߺ˲үְλһ£ѰϰУүһ֮£֮ϵĴڡ
ߺĵ˵ͷɣ
˵ŸߺŮֱȥ߲ңһһڰһһ㳱䡣
ߺⷴı֣ŮҲιˣֵĸڸߺ
ֱһ㣬̲סˣ㵽ڸʲôԵ޹ʵʲô
ߺ΢΢һЦҾͳǰģμӹѡܾڲ򴳵ˣкܳһʱһزˣΪ˸Ϊ£ҽ
˵ţߺһһʯ̨УעĿĲǸʯ̨ʯ̨Ǹɫӡ
ĳ֣طʼܳʪĿ̾ͱиˡ
ŮڸߺϣŸߺſŸߺϾߺһߣǼ¡
ߺ֮󣬱㿪ʼʰˡ


291 Ӷ
ϣߺѩ񶼰ٺˣ֪ζ೤ʱ仹ܹ
Ǽ£һ꣬Ǽʱ䣬֮һѩһҪ׵
֮ǰߺȥһ½չ˸߼ҡ
ӦˣܽʵߺţԼͲԶˡ
󣬳źҹߺֽھͳˣűʵѩĺңԶ
ߺǴֽڷУʮ죬ߺоԼƣˣҲѩԶˡ
һĵطͣطѩͬʵʵǹҡ
ѩ֪߳ٱＸÿһ˶ߣڵ̯˵Ķһصߡ
ң֮еʿǻصɵģ󽫾Ϊǻ۷壬֮
Ԫ˧һְһߵεģúߵѩ˵ǿ˺ܶ౶
˵սѩһҰܡ
ҲԹ֮Ĳֹͬҵʵѩ˵̫ңԶ
֮ڣѩܴﵽĳ̶ȡ
ڵҲŨߺÿգԴԴϵڳȥ
ߺЩֲ̾һЩߣȵг֮һһأ
ˣֵܣһİɣһЩҩǳۣ鼱ǮһǣֻҪһӣΣ
ߺпʱһ˿ߺ緢´½ǵߵߺǰԸߺ˵
ߺһǵͼȻûԼǼƷãǸڵԼþǴ´ˡ
ڸߺüƷȻܹһ²һǴûҪá
ֵͼһֻܻظߺʮ֮һʤڱ˰
ãүҪˣ㻹жöߺв̾ǴطãƷḻֵͼˡ
ͷûô࣬ҪҼﻹźöأҼǮҲô˵ˣӿߺӦˣ˫һæԸߺ˵
ֽڿϷƵĿ־磬룺ݼһģ̫ˡ
ߺҲһȲӣ˹ȥ
˴֣ԽС˽ʱ·̣ŵط
һƾɵӣûסǸߺûʱ򣬾͸окܶš
Ҫӱܸߺĸо۾ǰϹԼ˫ۡ
λֵܣĵͼﰡһֽǮһֽߺһ¶ӡ
¶Լһߣ֪УҪͼһһöһһö㶼ţֵǳˣ
ӻո䣬˷Ͳϵ߳ȵˣߺһȻʮոԼӦķֺ
ǵΪ󲿷ֶڻص֮䣬ͷǸл۷Ϊ
Сӣʶ㣬еĴָԹԵĽȻĻߺߣǲܻ߳ͷǸߵ
ߺһɵЦǹҩģûǮ˵õҩأ
һɵӣҩأֵǣȭͷҩģͷ˹һЦȻ˻֣һȺ˾ͽΧ
ֽ˫ֳɽָۿžҪˣߺǱһϷ
ס֣飬ֻ۸𣿡ʱһȻ洫
һףųǹӴ˽ŰΧߺ⼸֮Աǡ
֮ϻһֻͷͷ߻һԳ
ŵų£ȻĻǶһǸͷ˿ţϵЦ
Цôôһ˿ֻš
Ǹл۷ΪǸͷΪ൱Ҫ˵˭ǿ˭ߺоϵǿôһ֡
Ǹһܸ
ΪžԼʲôʱ򿴹ŵжֵǣɣһ
ܺȻܳʮɫףгŸֱеߣǵΪ൱ȴһ롣
ԭ󣡡ߺվ΢Ц˵
Сӣôôе£㣬Сĵ㣡ݺݵĵ
һЦʳ֮жǿ߶ὫϵĲƲƭһɶомԱƭˣţǿܾһĴףΪˣ
ԴӽºλСֵһ˵ҾͷˣҺǸΪ˱øƭǹɣҲԸԼʲôŶһ֡
ãֵܽˣǺڣߣ˵ŴһСԶȥ
ߺĸֽһɫֽڻ⣺ߺҶۣҪȥһ˲
Ͽȥɣͷˣߺæ˵
ֽںݺݵĶ˸ߺһۣû˵ĵطȥ
ֵܣʲôطˣҪȥʲôطʵ
ߺܴӶԷϸܳϢĸоʮֵˬʰ΢΢һЦ˵ֵҪȥģƹ·
ƹƹˣˣãǿڹʱ򣬶߳һˣķӵʮֵҺڶʮꡣ
ߺ˲ˣ˵ѾĳѩˣߺǶ֮ˣûʲô
û뵽ƭˣһ·ô߰ߺǸп
һЦԶǽһѺһﵽģķᣬֻҪһͬȥͺˣ·ҲһӦ
ʱֽڴδ˳Ŷˣ
磬Ȼλ˴󷽣Ǿ͸һȥɣֽ˵
ߺ˼˰죬ȻŴӦðɣвУ·żз纮ܷ紵
ڸߺΪѾñˣ˿ߺֻһصߣҲǸߺܹﵽ͵Ϊˡ
԰԰ҸΪҲǵ˵㣬ټϸ·ˣżз纮λи㣡ֽæ˳˵
⡭ЩΪѣϾ·ϼӸͲˡ
ųǻǲҪˣһ·ϱΣգҪչˣµʱۡһԱߣСĶԿ˵
ҵΪǻأİȫȫΣʱֽںȻͷųԼƣȻǻߡ
ǰһúãôһָǰٺòˣҲֵܣȵĿĵһӦǮƵģ
ֽҲæӦǸλʹչһֳΪֳȥ
˵ţֽҲƵˡ
ߺۣСӣģһֵԩͷˣҵǮ
ԱߵĿ̾һֵܰ
ߺˣղԼôСӣǧǲġ


292 Ӷ
ǰܼҪٽӣ˵ߺֽں
ֽһ޹Ա߳ˮָͷţϵȵǧʮӣϵȵľ죬ʵзĹЧʮӡ
磬డһֻʮӣֽ޹˵
ĹЧֵֽ˵˵Ķ۷Ҫ𣿡ߺһ˵
ȻָָĳΪǻأģҪ˶٣
ֽٴһöţҪʮҲͬˣϾһ·ϲ̫ƽӶ
ߺһöʮټЩʲôģһƽ𶼱ȥˣȻǮٶǮҲǲǡţ
ߺȻ˵ӶߣˣҪЩӶߣҵծ
˵ţߺ뵽ӶǷḻĲƲ뱦ȻӶˡ
Щǿ֪ߺ뷨һжԶԶǺڳԺڣһ۸ˡ
ӶÿһƥںŲûʲôͻĳӣ˵ͻĳӾ̫Сˡ
ҶǸ߼ߣûдָôأĵĻǽŵָ֮УȻΪǿýơ
ӶŻͣȻ;һǺܰȫһЩӶڿš
Դӳһߺ˾ͱӶ߶ˣΪΪ˸ߺⶥĳӡ
ųҷǶǸӶôпأǲǸøһӶ𰡣һԱڿԱ˵
Ϊģһ·ϣѾӶ߳ˣҿʵǺǿЩӶˡ
ǣԴӳӶߣλүһҲûг
СҲˣֶ࣬ǸصĸҲ֣Щ
ϾͬˣαأҲȱǮǾ͸ǰɣЩġ
ԱǸжĶˣӳ¾ӳѧϰӳ㿴˼˵˵ͻһƽ𣬱ǵӶö࣬˼ҲǲȱǮɣ
԰ӳִ̫ˣ˼϶һǵǮòã
һ·ϣҾг֮жȹˡ
ߺֽУս˯һĶȹ
죬֮мµĸߺȻˣſвѰĿ
ڣѣ㲻ǲˣߺ˵
ֽʵ˫ۣʲôҪˣҪҪǼͣǴ⼸쿴ǵʿôô䰡
ߺ˵Ҹˣһ¿еĿʲôо
ֽĺһڣȿȿȣŨû뵽ȻŨ̶ֳȣ࣡
ߺ˵ͷֵطû˼ҾסǾһǿ˽ռˡ
ߺȥȻľïܣԶǲԭһ˼ҶûУЩֲﰲţѵõƬ̰
ͦõģûʲôǿôֽڻû˯ѣôõĿ˯һ˷ˣ
ߺһͷϣ˯Ǳ֮ǰƽ㶮
ߺôһ£ֽ˲ѹˣ磬ڸʲôΪʲôңʲô𣿡
Ȼڳ󺰴ֵ֮д
ӶЩĽǾã
ϻû˼ڳһֱ˯СȻʱʱһϷ
кϷôû
ϻԼݵô
Щȥˣס죬սˣϷעһôʣ
ǣӳ˼ֱ̫ɶˣ̲ȥ

ǰĳȻźӶ˵λע⣬ǰгӣ
⼸ϰˣÿ˱ǰӶߵʱĻǶԼ˵ȥɣ
ԣҲϰԵĸߺˣΪǰ˵·
ǰˣźɫһ£һɫĲţɱ֮ǰӶԵĲͬ
⼸˵ѹ˶һ֪Ѱˡ
ҲεǰȥҪʱһѽʵסȥ·ˣ㿴ɣ
˵ֽڣվϡ
ϳ˴󺹣ᣬôƤòãûȥվʲôվ֪ܹ𣿡
ֽڴ󺹣԰ɣô˵ҲԼģܵҲ̫˰ɣ˵ˣ˧㲻֪𣿾㲻֪ҲӦÿ˰ɣ
ϳͷԲ𰡶Բ⼸Ƕÿһ仰ϰԵĽԼˣ
λүͲֵܹһ첻ϷˣġǸϳһֿĶ˵
ֻߺ˵ڣ㲻ЩɱҾͽɱԺ
ֽ¶һ˿΢Цͷİɣұ֤񣡡
ˣֽʮֵĽţǰÿһǻ۷ߣɢɱһս֮пܾɱ
˵棬ˣиǰ漸˵ĴͬΪͬǻ۷ߡ
֪ǵĺֱŶʮˣʮˣֱǻصߡ
ԼߣֽһߣͶԷСʿһȼģôܲġ
ųô죿еԱΡΡ˵Ǳˣû뵽ϾȻôΣա
ûȥģεı̫ˣԺҪ׬һʡ
һ·ϣѾƵˣûоսÿ춼ڵѪһ˿⣬ԼСͿܶˡ
Ϊпˣû뵽пм䣬ˣżԼ𰡡
ڸоԼСѾһˣһűһء
ּĵʱȴЦˣСǣǺãֽڣʮ꣬ǽҵԸǳΪĿĽڣڽллҡ
һȻ￪ʼݽӶǶɵˣһʲôⰡ
˵⣬ҿܶһһЩ˽⣬ҸһƽҪһûǮǣָмллǽǮ
ֽڻԹԵ˵ţӶѾȲȥˣɱ
ߺʼֽ˫һƲԳԷƣϽ֮ĺϽ
ֽһϽУֽһ־˳ȥڿлһߣȻֽ˫ֳɽָɡ
Ͻ˲ɫȻԷһ۷ߵؿڴȥ
˵
е˶סˣЩӶ߼ʶ㣺Сӵʵͬһ㣬ɱ


293 Σķ
ʲôɱһ£ŵ˶ˣ򶼾ˣû뵽һôû˾Ȼǿ˹
ǾȣЩӶҲȫǳľȣĿվϵֽڡ
ǹӼߣܹԸģϴɣһӶ߶ԱߵǸ۷˵
ܹɱ۷ߣʹǹӼҲǰ벽ӼˣȻܹԸģ໡˵ţӶŭ
ǹһоͷһµߣĴ⼸һ޶һġ
ߺʮֵľȣʲô߾ȻȥӶߣκһ˶ᵱϱԴģΪʲôһҪӶأ
ֽȴЩΪ⣬еĺ߹Цү棡
˵꣬תӶŵ˵ǿҴ磬Ҫȥǣ
һ˲ͳЩӶԱߣеɫһһ۷ɱ
ˣǶ°ɣʱеǸ߶ЩӶ˵
ǣϴ󡣡Щ˷׷ȥ
ֽ¶һ˿΢ЦôҪҴһ𣿡
Ǹû˵ôᣬȴӵʵһǰȥĲμӹѡİɣ
ֽڴһָˣ¶ˣһ㽱ɣ
˵ţеɫзȥٶȼ죬ֻһգ۾Ǽһߡ
Ǹ˵ؿڴȥǸ֪˿Ҵ⣬֧Ҳһ
һɽʽıУţֱۼٻӶһ϶µǵɫĽӭȥ
һҵĳɢǣռ֮вûκ𶯷ֻһǿҵķɢ
ߺ˵ͷĿռȻѩĿռȹ̫ˣ
׵Ľǵ˺ѿˣǵĩʧڿ֮У̵ǸߵĻ֮ϣʼûƿ
Ͼһ֮ɢ˲٣ֽûʹȫĽûȫϡ
ֽڵĽѾﵽɣȫϵĻƾһص߾ԲĶ֡
ɽ⣡
ֽ˫֮ɱһǵɫĽѸٵеĺ߷ȥһҵķ硣
ػǸ龳Ӷ˵ţ͵ٶ̫ˣ˲غˡ
ǵǿǿغ֮Ȼںϳһˡ
ϡ
뽣ҵײһڿвϵĲƾᣬϵķسɢȥ
ЩƳ嵽ϣڵϷըһӳڵϡ
ߺ͸ЩӾȻҲû
ҪѩֽڵĳԻʮףȴֻв׵ȡ
ɴ˿ɼŨ˲ǿռȽ̣涼ʮֵļֲ̣ЩƽҲΪء
ضôļӲûһΪĻֵضܽ򿪡
ңŨ֮Уһ£ӿ壬һʹʲôûеˣᱻЩȼġ
ߣڳʱŨĵط棬ϵʱΪԼ߰صӡ
϶岻˥˥׳
еĽ뵶ϵľҲɢ
ջֽڵĽһһ¾ͽĵǸ߳ȥ
ΣǸߵĻûڹãֽڵĽһ͸塣
㡭ȻɱңĲ֪ʲô֯𣿡˵һ仰Ǹߵ͵
ң˳壬ȻһŰ׺ĶƮ˳
꣬һһ߾Ȼ굮˼ֱǵ񰡣ߺĬĬ߶
дڣý⣬
ţֽһ֮нⱬڿкȻۿ֮еǸɫȥ
֮УŰɫ֮оȻһҽУɢڿС
һ˾ͳˣʲôϴˣ
Ͽ챨ͷ죬˲ܹԸģûеõ
˵ţЩ߾ͷ泷˶ȥжʮֵѸ١
ɱֽһŭ𣬽ָ裬ɫĽٵȥ͸ǵ
˲ˣЩ̫ˣʣЩ˶ɢӣûȫ
磡ֽ˲ߺߣЩ˳˵ٶ̫ˣѵصˣ˵ʱʮֵɢңûһ˿ɣû취׷ϣ
ߺ۳һöпʼ׽õģǻģһиȥǣнָеװʲô
ֽӦһŵȥֽ߹æӭ˹ǰû뵽ʵôǿ󣬺߶Ķ֣һ·ίˣ
ֽʩչЩϻͦԱҲ˵ˣΨΨŵŵվֽڵǰ
˵̫ԸˣȻºҪǣԭ̨ǲμӹѡģ֪λ̨Ųڣϵת˵Ŀꡣ
ҴʣǵĽָ֮еʲôЩӶߵĿĺеĽָ
ֽûôʱȥǣ˵
⣬ӶŹأֻǽӻѣ浽ʲôй棡˵
ǲ򿪿ʲôϵֽν˵
Բλй棬ǲ͵˵Ķԭ£ɼ֡
ߺ˳ڣˣСӿҲǱˣ߰ɣЩӶһģһһЩǿߣ
˵Ÿߺת˽ȥ˵ˡ
ֽڿ˿ŵĳԱ¶һ˿аЦϣǿӦߣҶûаӦ
˵ţֽҲת
ŵĳԱЩʿôأų˵ӺģҪȻǿеĶϾǰ
һ֣˵ˣӶţҪй棡

һ·޻ߺһ·ߣģ߽һԭǲԭĲʮֵķʢһ˶ߣ˶Ϳ
Ƭԭʮ·̣͵ˣ˵ʮֵĽˡ
ڣǰĳСĵ㣬ΣյϢߺ֮е˵
ո˵꣬һͷǹ־ʹԱߴ˳򳵷ҧȥ
Ǹǹһֻޣһڵޣʵǳǿ
ǳǻΪ͵ס޵ʷǳǿٶȸǿױȡ
ǳûзӦҺֽڸоˣֳɽָһɫĽͷǵĲ
ˣǸȴŵùǺ亹ϰ壬ǮĲ
ߺ˵ϻˣҵˣ


294 ǿӶ
СһЩǰкܴΣߺ֮У˵
ǵǰλֵܣ㵽ǲصΪôҸоֹأ
ߺ΢Ц˵ΪʲôΪ
ߺôһʣסˣûǻɸߺصΪǵΪֹ֪ЩԽԼʵѹôġ
ѹһضѣҪѹһصΪô˵ߺǻصΪΪǻ۷塣
ǻصΪǰǾ޷ģʹǺߣҪԼҲ˿壬ͬһһ׵̶ˮ

˽˰ˣǴںΣյʱ֪֪ҪˣܸҸطס°ɣֽʵܲˣԱ˵
˲䷴Ӧˣ˵Ķԣǻû߳ΣأȷӦ̽Щ⣬ֵǣͿˣǰӪկɣϢˣ
ŵ󣬷׷ʼ׼һ
Ӵָнóߺȴ˵ˣֻǳȥѣߺֽ⼸춼˯ġ
Ҳ㹻涼ɵĿмһӣҲû⡣
ʮֵʣ˿̵棬ģ˾ú֪˶١
ľ죬滹Ǹڷꡣ
ˣó԰ɣֽ׼˿ӣ۰Ͱ͵ĿŸߺ
ԭһ·ϣֻֽǹˮȶߺǹʳʳȶԣһ۰Ͱ͵Ŀߺ
ܲ㣬ϲԶĻԺʳﲻ𣿡ߺ˵
һ˵ţһߴӴָ֮нʳȡݸֽڡ
ܣȴִܿ࣬ǲǰ磡һŵĶԱǸ
ֻһ򣬲ôģ˵˼ҵǮƶ˼ҵʵõģӦõģҪܵĻŬʵúˣ򵭵˵
˵ţекݺһҧľ׽
ôһ˵ͷ˼򣬿㣬Ŭɣ
ȻЦոѧʹλ磬ô˵ģֻһЩԼĴ
ʲôû˵˺˳ԱĻ̸һ˭ҹ˯ɣָε˵
мԶ߳ȥ˶ȥ˯ˡ
ߺֽ֮дߺоһ¿ռ֮ԱߵֽԸߺΪĿ꣬ҪΪߡ
ʱҹߺȻ۾ֽҲԼ۾Σգ
ֽڶ˵˲ȥһŽѣΣգ
ֽ˵СܵȻ˯ˣǲû˯̤ʵȷΣķĵط˭˯ô̤ʵġ
һֽڵе˶վ˭ʲô飡
ֽ˵ޣʹȺӵģɱʮֵĴ󣡡
ʲô顣죬жΣ׼ӭսʱ򣬿ѡȻҲˣ˴
ҿʼæµֽܵˣ˧ȥˣϽں棬ĿԶ
ߺһжˣСӣ㲻Ϊ˧ɣ
ţֽͣڵ˵㲻˵ˡ
ߺ
ءǽܣ˶
Σң죬ܹȼյĶȫó׼ӭս
˶ԼָܹȼյĶȫ˳ΧӪذһȦȻû潫֮š
ϣܹһҹ»ģ侲˵ߺȴΪҡҡͷ
»ģЩǲͨǣޣһǱޡ
ȻߺǣֻǵĿæµ
֣һҪǳʲôޣͶ㵣ˣϣֽڡ
ֽüһ˿أûô򵥣Щҿ޷Ӧ
ĸовǺڰ֮кԽٵĴڡ
ڣЩǷˣǰͺ̵ѳ
Щȫʺɫֻ¶ڿУҫź⣬·һ㡣
ÿһֻԼһ޵ĲܾȻΧаֻͬСţһСĶǡ
ſŴ죬Һ
ʲôһɵǾôأˣһһֻǺˡ
û뵽⽼ȴֻȫһڵľ磬Լǻصľ硣
Щ񲻸ҿЩ
⣬΢ƽЩɸߣЩ޷ģЩ֮ǰԼûΣա
ԼΪ˷ֹȺϮװ˺ܶȼյƷ
Щ㹻յˣȴÿһ
ء
ЩһֻʼͷУ󣬸źеԽԽ࣬ģȫ캿С
ֻ˴ŲӣؿʼЩ΢𶯣ΧһȦǿʼУӭ쵼ĵ
ǵͷڵϣһڼĺҹкȻмֻǴ˽
ЩǴԼһ۷壬ɫֻ֮ŽĹâ
ĸͷҲǴ˲٣Լгţô󣬱ЩǴһȦ
ЩΧȦΧȻŭ
ЩҲվŭһƬһ¿Ʈֽڣ˵ү¸˰ɡ
ֻɫǺȻбǿķ磬һȦ档
濪ʼŤȼﱻȦƿˡ
Ⱥ˲ͳ˽ΧһȦʱûʲô
Ǻ̫ˣߺ˷Ȧ֮⣬ֽڳעЩǡ
ЩǺҲ֪ߺߵķȽϲһ඼ߺֻɫǡ
ֽһȣеϽ˲˵ɫֽתһȦɫĽҲתһȦ
һȦֽڵһ֮£ֻеֻ
ʱкȻһֻӰʵɫֻ£ȻǶ׷ǡ
ߺ֪ԼȥǲˣĿڵ´صʲôʱѵһǿߣûô˵ҲֻųһСһˣ
ߺ˵Ļе˶סˣʲôǿߣɣ
кǿߵĻڳļ˶ˣҲûʸڻȥˡ
е˶ţһЦȴǵ뷨
㻹ǿΪᱻأɣֻҪֻҪǸһҾ;ɱǾˣ
ʱкȻһӰ֪ʲôʱġ
ɢǿƣǺǿɡ


295 ս
ߺҲ¶Цݣ˲ڳϣֽڲԲ𣬼ʹҴӦλҲһӦɣǻ𣿡
ߺ˵˶Īû˰˵˭أ
еǸǿҲЩԣߺ˻֣֮ɱ֣ٲ֣ҾͻὫߣǴһ·ѵͲ𣿡
ߺ˵ֽʹһɫֽڻ⣬˲ӶŵԣҪȡ
ˣλСֵܿסˣϷˣ˵ţӰӺˡ
ϵĲӦǺǿһߡ
ߺ΢΢𣺡ڵ֣ǵеʲôˣ
ǣεˣΪʲôԼˣѵǲ𣿡˴ˡ
еĺǿεˣԼӶһ˵ģ˼ȴ
ߺ˵Ҹһ°ɣеĶֻն˵ûʲôֻһͨĴָĶС
ǣȫָ֮ӶΪԼ˵鱨УȥµȴϢ
ǾͿԳûߣһ֮٣»
ߺ˵ôҽ˵ªȫ¶ˣ˵̬Ȼ
ߺòƤ֮ĳ֮ݶ
ûߺǿߺҲֻһ߶ѡ
ΪڸߺԼΪ¶ˣҶֻ˫ԸߺĸоЩ
ȻܹоԼ˫Ĵڣǲ򵥡
Ƕڸߺʵ𾪣ϾǺǿߣôΪôһССĺǿ߸еأ
ǰӶߵ֮е
û뵽ǲżΪʦڣܼˣЦ
Ҳ˵˲Ҳں֮ڶʮһǾԵĸ֣µ·ǣʵǺصӰɣ
ߺ֮ЩΣԼ׵ĺˣ
磬ôأֽʵ
ɽۻ˵ţӴָ֮óһӣȥעſеˡ
ǰǡʱߺߣεĶԸߺ˵
ߺԿĸоһϵˣۼҵΧɣû˿˺ǣڵݸһЩˮôõϷһ˿̫ϧˣ
˵ţһӣǸӾͷɵ泵ˣߺһ߳ţһ߹ۿеˡ
ЩΣʲô˰ҶͷΪһߣȴˮ
ǿ˿׹ȺʶȤߺ£ԹԵ
ߺ΢΢𣬵ȵе˶µʱһӣĵǽΧסǡ
Щ˺񶼲̫⣺ǰб𣿡
ǲл𣿿𣬿𣡡ֽЩͷˣ磬һӣվſ̫ˣ
ߺεĿһۣ֪Ϸ׼Ͳ֪һ𣿡
˵ţһһӳУֽ˸߲ҵĽ˹ȥڳϣϣעӶȥ
ûж˵ͳһ𣬴
˺ǲΧһӶ֮һʮֵǿ󣬾˵ǰǿˡ
ǲǰǿˡ
żǲһǼ壬Ҳʮֵǿ󣬾˵żҵүҪμӹѡ
˼ۺ죬˵ãε͸ɡ
ԱԽ
սһߣǸҲս
һʱ䣬ƾɣľɳʯϵߺ˴
ߺֻһ֣ͱˣȻ뺮һʧڿС
ߺЩֵǣǷһսûȫ
֪ǿǼ͵壬һٶȣһߡ
ǣֵǣûôǿֻǺصǷȴֻ·Уû֮еκһط
˵ǵȼߣ˸ź⣬צҲҲǷź⣬צС
ǣǷȴûùһΡ
ߺ΢΢𣺡Ҫˣˣ
ǸǵսǴƶӦ˸ߺĻ
ǺȻٶ˲ӿ죬Ĳҧȥ
ǸҲǣеȻ˻ƽɫ˸Ĺâͷ­ȥ
õһԹУ˫͵һ
õ˫ƣӲƴһԾ㿪Уڿка취һ㣬ץȥ
˫һ߿ǵͷһǻצ
ȴûзǸߣĵԼͷ­ȥ

һǿĳɢĻ˲䱻ƿͷ­ȴûеͷϵһȴˡ
ǸǱɳȥϻڶѿˡ
ȴһѪǰô򵥾ͿԵסġ
ǿ壬ڵ඼΢ˡ
ԭķһƷǸ˵̫ǿˣǳˣȻǵסһǷҲ롣
һΪżҵĶӳȻҷżңŭ
ߺԲŶû뵽һϷҿⳡϷðǸǶԷġ
ߺȻ˵˿еһ˵Ƶġ
Сӣϻ̫ˣǸһɹӶˣߺϹ˵޹⣬˲ͳŸߺˡ
Ƚɱˣϻ
ߺɫɷףֵĿǸһǰʱ򣬸ߺɫȻ
ϵˣ֪˵꣬ߺ˲ʧˣٴγֵʱһϿգֵĺϡ
㲻ңɱҲôȥˣƫƫǾ͹ֲˣɣ
ߺ˵֮еı͵رһɫ˲侪ˣҪģԼ˵ˣҲҲܶˡ
˼һһʧʧļ
ɱ⣬Ҳһɣߺ˵
˵ʱһѾһϵıɾ֡
еסˣû뵽Ǹĺ߾Ȼôǿһо˺صߡ
ĸߺԼĹؼߺٵķҪǾҵĻżһǺܶôģڲ벻ĵλ
ðߺõЦԱߵֽȴһ£ߺ̫Ϥˡ


296 
ֽʮֵϤߺ֪ƽʹǸߺҲֻǵһЦ˵ʱǷĺС
¶˲õЦݣһʱǾֻ֤һ⣬ǸߺҪˣ
ûдǶ֪ߺǿʵӶһΪߺͬӶһԽء
ʱøߺԼһ·żҹȥͷߺһЩ
ȵżң֣żңҽĹһһ׹׳żҡ
ܹں龳ӵôǿʵĹһ
ߺԴӶžͿԿôô򵥾ء
ңлһߺҪı
˵վʳģû뵽ߺȻ̶ֳȣԼŵıڸߺôӵӡ
ߺ˵Ǹȥ
ھһɲǣߺִļ򣬶ԸֺǿߣߺȻͨı֮֡
ŭ֮
Щͬһ㣬˲Ͳ壬档
ʱЦףԼıɹȴû뵽ӭȴҲá
˾ͽܼңеǵСžŻҪ𣿸㣬Ҵûôģ㣡ߺıĶϣЦŶ
λСֵܣҿҳɼ̫ˣҴӦ㣬ֻҪ㻤ҵ춼ǣżҾ͸һнױôʧ롣
¸ߺ˲ɱڸûа취κεķ
û뵽Լһ裬Ȼ˷ߺøߺлɳˡ
ϵľۼҪӱѳǸߺŭ֮ô򵥣ʹǿɣҲԲġ
нױҺĽߺϵЦԽԽãȴԽԽ䡣
ǱסԼĺ͹𼸵̣֮̽С
ߺЦǰǶħЦһ㣬ڡ
ϵߺŵֶסĺԽ˵ԽĻıҲԽԽ
ʮӹȥˣѾһϢˣ˫ۻɢĿŸߺ֪ԼûлٻųȥˣһڵģżҵļΪѾؾ磬桭
ߺЦţֺݺݵһ߬Щ֮гһ̣͸Ĳ
һɫΧֻ꣬Ҳ̲ţܶ
ǰɫϳһֵĿŸߺĺܣǻ壬ô˺ң
ߺ¶һ˿аЦ˸㣬ҵŭ֮ס壬Чͬһɱ
˵꣬ڿֲĲҽг׵ˡ
ߺһ֣ŭ֮ʼɺ뵽ߺڡ
öָصıڴһǿ߶С͵Ķ֪ʲô̶ȣߺָöָ
һöźǿĽƣߺȻûа취һ½֮򿪣Բ²ǱС
ֶΣʵ㽫ָùɣΪѣϵһЩС
ֻԼжû뵽ߺĻ֮̸Цɱһǿߡ
ңʵҲȣֻһУȻȷߺʩչһŵƣܹһǿߣƵЩļ¡
Ȳ͸ߺӲģߺʶȤĻӦûѶ
ϾһʵķǣֻʵȺ龳ͷаٶͷǡ
ߺѵĻӦòô
û뵽ߺһ仰û˵еֻһЦǺ˵İɣǰǵҲӦǺ˵İɣ
һ仰סˣ˵ͷȷң
ɱǵСͷĿǿ϶ұģ㿴ɱõ֮żңһվһôɵ
ߺʵ˵Ҿ磺ңҲΪʵܹҶţͷЩСޣ
˵ţߺȻһԱᣬ֮࣬кۺڣѩһƬܲĺߺеͬһ㡣
ʲôողδʹȫǿµСһѲɡȻ뵽һֿµĿܣֵĿŸߺ
ȥǲμӲһĺ
뷨ڲԼù˭˭£˭֪Сһһʵǡ
Ǻ֮УͷĶ֮Уһк֮ӵģεĿǺ
˵ΪѾﵽһ۷壬״ܺǿߡ
ԹһΣǣȴҰܣܵĻᶼûС
֪ߺûǴӸոտʹûԸԼҲ´ˡ
ãˣǺڡû˵꣬ѸԱߣѸٵȥ
ǣûзɶԶߺǰ֣һԱĴ򣺡˭˵ߵģ˵ˣȻɱˣͲˣ
ҪŪܾǴ·һߣǺ˾Բģɫ
Ȼ·ǵͷŭȺǺȻˣߺȥ
ߺĿһвûʲôɽΪСĻƭ𣿡
ѾҪȥɱЩȺǣǻὫǵǷʬȻԵոЦһ񿴵ʲôͺԶҭһ㡣
ȺǾȻĶ±ǽûͻƣǹǽ֮ϵʱ򣬷׷ױǽ֮ϵĺ˱
һǱ񣬻ֵĳڱǽ棬ߺһ֣һͷǱ˹
ߺ־ţĹͣô͸Σ
¶ǱͻһӰȥ
˫һУϳצּ趯Ǳ˼ݣȻӿеȥ
ߺüͷһ壺ôϲֻͭǱ㲻ϲô͸һͷǵأ
µķǲϵĵͺ𣬺˸ߺ˼˫֮׹˸
ߺ°ͣûȻܹԣȴˣֻܵһˣ
˵ţߺ˫һģ̳ǰ
˫ּٻ裬צƿһǸߺ˫ᵲǰǿĹȫ
ߺַķǡ
֪Σ٣ǰצϵһߺֹȥ
ߺһһı̾ͳǰڷǻûйߺϵʱǱ̾쵽ǵĺȥˡ
ǳ׵ı͸ǵ
ҵƨɣӷϱѪֱƨɣߺҲþջһ
ĲǹģûҪջߺε˵


297 
ҸƴˣʱҲǼˣںʵĲˣԼǶ˶ˡ
ΪһǿߣǰʮBOSSȻͱߺôһСˣ⴫˵øߺɱˣԼҲýԼʡûˡ
ߺɲںƴǣͨƴ弱ٵ𣬾ͺһֻƵġ
ԱҿҪҪô̼ߺ͵סˣˣ֮ǰϵγһ׺ĺ
ʹߺҲģȥÿһξͷһǽ
ǺǿߵԱܹıߺûа취ֵ
ʹǿܶ࣬ǾûǿԱȶԷʵǿıĳ̶ϡ
ߺһ·ȴıᣬٶȿνʮֿˣֻһգۼ˳ף;֮ͷųʮǽ
䡭
ն̫ĹâĹâ֮¶Ȼʧɫ
ռҵǸߺ֮󣬵һθоռ𶯣ǿԱЩ̫ǿˡ
ߺǶʮǽһ˲ˣǿĳߺ岻ϵƶߺѹ˵ֺ֮ݺݵѹȥ
ãڻָƽߺھԶܵĲСʹеҲѹ¡
ߺˣǧֻǷƷˣĶ±ǽǵסһֳҲٵˡ
ԭԲʮﶼûһ˿ݵĴڣʣ˹ͺͺءռ仹ûѡ
ȿȿȡֽڴг𣬲ϵĿԣǻͷ
ȺǿߵȫһˣݰֽڲϵĿԣһѰҸߺ
˰ɣʱҲˣһԱ˵
ֽڵһ±ҪˣҿҲûлıҪˣ
˲ȥݺݵĵһֵۣܱλֵܿ벻Ҫ֣
ߺˣû뵽һﹻ޵ãȻԱʱԶߺһɡ
һԲƵıȴӵ³ȻߺԴҲ̽˳̫ǿˣŵѩҿжñˣ
ԭߺû飬ѹʱȾı򣬱޵ıԼǰ
ǿѾǳˣû뵽ʹߺ
ǾͲȥˣȻҿǲܻ߻ȥˣߺվԿ
ɫû䣬û뵽Լ˾ȻˣμʹܹɹĻ͵춼ԼҲɡ
û뵽ξȻǿ⣬£ôǮƣҲӦþʹ˽ɢˣε˵
ߺ΢Цߵǰû취˾ȻǵӶŻ£Σ˱ǮӣֲǷ顭
˵ţһڵϡ
ʮӾ͵ǻķðɣϢĲ֤ǱĲߺĿļ
ǳǰСĲЩ̫̰ˣķã㲢ûн͵ģûô࣬㲻ɣ
ȻᣬҪǰ㣬һˣҵûˣǸҲָмЩǮƶ˵Ѿˡ
ߺֽ˵ǣû˻ˣ߰ɣ˷ʱˣң;ȼ˰ɣ
˵ţߺԶȥֽڿѾɵ˵ˣ΢΢һЦǺˣ˺磡
ֽڽŸߺʼ򱱷ȥλаµ·̣ǸߺȫеĻӦúܽˡ
Ǽȴסˣո˵ʲôң뾪죿
Ǵ˵еңӾ뽣ɣ
Ǹ˵ԼߺȻ˵ˣǰЩӣ˵һţиߺ
ѲɣĿţǰɣҼ˾Ȼûǩ
εĿ˿ˣǶס˭𴫳ȥȻɱ֮ߺ׷ɱϿȥɣ
һĿŸߺıӰһͷȥ
һΪһȺɽء
磬ôô󷽣ôβ֮ǿǻ˲ˣֽʮֵľȡ
ߺ͵͵ЦЦ㱿öָһöǸߵģӦвٱö
˵ŸߺóһöǸ˽ҿȷĶȫЩƽټö
ǿԻͣ͵͵ͣʩչƣҲ²ĶһǱѰ
ȻûǸֻǰʮͷ죬кǿߵΪ
˶ۺı˵ֵֵǮ
¿дɵЦ磬ǿ򿪣浽ʲô
ֽ̲סˣ˷ܵĶԸߺ˵
ߺָ촽ꡭС㣬ҪҸȫĵطƴ򿪡
ٺٺٺ١ߣ
ߡ
Ȼ˾ͺһ͵͵¹µĲݴжߡ
ԼһСʱ֮ڲݴУۡˣԭôˣ
ֽڲϵıԹ
ߺ⻹ҪģҪǣû뵽ԭȻôһСʱˣһۿͷ
ھʹ򿪿ɣߵͷ˵к˵˵أֽ
ߺ˵ͷĵҲǺ޵þͰ˵İ죡
˵ţߺͽһֱ߬еĽָ˳۾ʼӦǽƵ㣬ϵĹǽơ
ԼСʱ֮һ΢𣬸ߺ۾ˣ
һһͳڸߺУǶ֮󣬸ߺֽ˲䱻׵ˡ
˱˻ɫĿеĶ֮к졣
ֻߺһ쵰Сģţ
Ӻ󣬸ߺޱĿʼӽָ֮öȻ𣺡ɣǼ嵰ԣ
ֽڻ㶵վǣͺɵһ㣺ôأܰôأܵİ
ڸߺոսãȻú۳һǸڹϣȻƶϿ
ֽڻǱǸһ߶߶˫ܻǻɫġ
ߺޱ˷Ͻһţһؼʦ׵ġ
ǸܵĴΣǸȻԼʼˣߺҲû⣬ȨǱ̫ˣֻˡ
ֻȫѿʱ򣬸ߺȴ˾񣺡ʲô⣬ôô󣿡
ڸߺı֮УһڹĶš
ޣޣʼɣ̫ˣߺвϵת˼룬ǿų԰ɡ


298 С
˵ţߺڿһ˱ͬһϸұȽϸͷʮֵ
Ṇ̀ߺǸ֪޵ͱȥ
ֽҲ˻ԱߣһųԴ͵ĳ
޿ԼȻʮֵĸ˵ĳǿڸߺУǸģȴǿޣŻ˵ģ
ǲ֪ſԼ죬ҧȥ
ߺһ󼤶滹ǿԣ͸ײȥˣ
ߺԸȻˣǸ̽뵽Ĳ֪޵УȻ˵뵽޵ڡ
ߺ˲סˣȻûб⣬֮еһ˿˿ģȴӵǳĺȡ
һһ֮Ҳᱻģֵ֪ȴſڽˡ
ʳ꺮֮ǲ֪̰ĿŸߺϣߺٸһ㡣
ߺֱҵʲôˣĵʦ𣬲Ȼܹպһʮֵ񰡣
עް죬ߺ¶ģǰ˰ɣ̫ˣŻ
ߺԽȻһֵθĸо
ֻ޵ģһֻȴûнţβϸϸģһ򣬻ԴûһëͺͺģԼֻôֻ۾ǰïܵëסˣԴӻҪһ롣
Աߵֽӣֵ˵
ߺһڻУӦûйͷɣϾȶûУǻΰɣ
ҿ¶ˣ˵ǲˣ½ûˣ
ֽͱͱǸں˯ĹǹȻһ磬ǿ֮ðһ˿Ƕѻˡ
ֻȻû˷˯
ߺͷ󺹣ڣڸʲôھ𣿡
ָֽݷģûǸ˼
ո˵ֻ꣬ȻԺִһ磬ӿǸݾȻһ
磬ģǲĶӣֽС˵

ֽͷ˼ߺ˿˿ĶסǸ˫֮ŭ꣬ô󣬾ȻҳһëûУΪʲôͿأ
Ͷ㣡˵ţߺкӿһ˿ĺûñ⡣
Ǻ˲ֻߣֻ֪ʲôϲصվǹɺһ
ǹɺˮһ㣬뵽ıǿףȻֻ岻ϵĶ
ߺ˫۷ˣˣ
ߺûиֻ꣬Ȼˣ忪ʼëβǸ
ëѩɫģʮֵȻ
ֽԱ߲ϵĵͷˣ㿴ô
ߺϸĿһȦƯˣǺܳ󣡡
ˣ磬ҲһǱԵޣ㲻˵ҲֻҪֶеǰ˵Ӧû䡭Ưİɡֽ˵Լûˡ
ߺԴֻޣ𣿡
ᡭӦûѣֽٴβȷĵԴֻ޳ֵܶ˾һֱֻ޿ͣ
ôãԼϵأ
ߺϣֻ棬Դӿߺֻ֮޾ͿʼճŸߺ֣Ųצˣŷǲˡ
ߺҲûа취Һֻޱ˺ܶ࣬ڸߺ֮󲻻ˣôֻ޵ȷƯġɣ
ߺ˵ȥΪҪ
Ƭԭаµ·̣Ǹߺ˫ᣬֽһ·ɣֻ͵˲ġ
һǣֱǶ춼춼춼춼춼
춼ǲһߣ˫ɯסĵط춼֮£һźܶ಻ͬĳС
ߺֽ߽춼򣬳ȴһ֡ʮǣ
˵ϱĴ춼ÿһжռʮУΪ֣ʮ㶼ִ棬Ҳ
춼ĵʮУҲΧĳУʮ
ʮѩĵҪ㣬˵һߣǴʮֵأ˭Ҳûп
֮±ЩǺ龳۷ңԼжʮλ֮ΪǺصزȣԼÿһλжʮ
֮¾ˣÿһλжʮǾǺǿ߾ˣôʮǿ߾Ͷţë
Ҫ˵춼ˣ춼ǱȶϱĴ춼ҪǿĴڡ
ҿιѡ춼֮оУôԶ
ȻĻÿһѩôʮټȥ춼ôߺʱȫ
ڽֵϣûʿѰ飬ǣÿһǧףһ߸ߵĳǱ
ǳǱߴʮɣһվڣΪӦǻ۷壬Ǳ֮в֪жߡ
ߺаȣ˭ӵһıӦÿɵɨΧĹ˰ɡ
⻹꣬˵ÿһλǹ۹Ĺ
ģ춼ոˣΪ춼ĸ
Ҳ˵ʮʵʮ۹
۹ʲôǿ۷ˣӽ
ţ˫ɯµߣ֮г˲򣬱ĵطߡ
ߺЩգͳ߻һλŮǿ˰
ʮڵĴֶʮֿģжʮɵĿȣߺʱ򣬽һʮƽ
øߺ۰ÿҪɰƽſԽǵģسʿߺϵġСˡ
˵ʮ涨ǣƽ
ߺΰҧгݵĽ˶ʮƽ
˵ǶС̫ˡ
˵Сҿܻ֪Ǹߺӵоޡ
һ·ϣֽŸߺҪԼĳ֣ұһܼס
Ȼߺһ֣ˡ
Ժ־ͽСɣϾʵ̫ˣ˿֮һЦҵģģҵ׵˭ˣ
ߺ־ͲϵıԹڻ߷߲ƽء
Ҫ˵ߺܹɽȥǾͲҪˡ
춼ʮÿһǿĽƣ˵춼ߣҲǳõĽơ
ǳ۷߶Ҫ򿪣ǺӾҲܣΪϱĴ춼ÿһλǺ۷ľ硣
ٿ֮ϵǸǿߣػŵˣߺôܴء
Ǹ߻żߣƣֱ͸ǮƵġ
ҸߺɢĲֱǼһǳǿǺǿ۷ߡ
ڸߺʱǸĿ˸ߺһۡ
ߺûΪΪʵʲô֮ѡǿô࣬Ǳ˼ҷ֣ǿɾͲˡ
˵˵ͼı죬ץҲ˵
ĹѾﵽͬĵزܹǣôûʲôˡ


299 ǿʮ
ˣôˣһسĺ棬˵
ջԼ񣺡û£СӺǿӦǹμӹѡģ
Ǻ˼һ᲻ǹϲذģ
ǸƳǸһۣͿ㿴СӽǮʱʹı֪ôǵһʮһĵĶ֪еذĴڣ
ǸȻĵ˵ͷ˵ѡҲҪʼˣȺҲ湻֪ģΪ˴Ĵߵˣ
һǸߣʲô˼ڿ𣿡
䣬Ǹ߻䣺¾Բ˼
Ļû˵꣬Ǹ֣ͽǸߵͷ­֪νȻҶײң
ĺߺԹǸߣƬƬҪλ˵Ľɡ
ɲ߽֮ģԱʵ˿УΪ
֮ĵطܾûȥˣ֪ʲôʱܹ춼ذǰһǧ
ﳤ̾ʹܹ춼ذǰһǧǷǳ˵ġ

ߺʮĴϣʮֵĺãÿ˶ڸԼ顣
һЩߣǰźܶöȴ£ûһ߸͵͵ߣʹǳǿġ
ϣߺеǣһЩص߹ȥɫʮֵĻæ֪ǵҪȥʲô
磬ǽȥأֽ·ϣЩСǿ̫ˡ
Ȼ󲿷䶼ܴߺ߶ϡƽ顣
һһĺǿ߲ϵĴֽ߹ֽڶЩľˡ
ߺеĵͼϵĹۿţԭʮĿʱô£ôĵľ춼ˣɫʮ˯˰ɣ
֮󣬸ߺдˣߣǿ߷ǳ࣬ԼǱһ߶ϣô汯ˡ
ڳﲻϵѰңҵһҿջߺ˻Ŀʯŵסµȵķ䡣
߳䣬ߺһԵģȻڴ
õϢõĵطǳԷĴһٷһʯߺǸ۰
־ֵˣΪõܶϢ
ԭʮΪüУÿһжʮֵľ޴󣬾סһҲʲô
ǳм˵شΪǿߣ˵һλȥ׷һӶߣû뵽ȥ֮Ҳûг
˵ЩطΪǿӶߣŸǿޣޡ
ǿǿȲߵĴڣ˵򲢲ֻãҲ޵á
ҲǲǣǾǵڶЩûа취ҲǲҶ
ߺȻãʮô̫ƽ
ҲԣһطŨ˵ֻǿЩͬҲǿʵġ
ӦҲͬǿɡ
˵֮Щط˫ɯܺУڲģǽء
Ϊ˵УǸطĴڣЩ޳ˣʹǺ˫ɯҲһǶ֡
ЩҲ׵ַ˵أΪ֮ҲкܶǿĴڡ
綫ϱвߣȻû˫ɯǿ󣬵ôߺҲ㹻һˡ
˵һǺԲ˶ȺռһֵطͿˡ
˵һֱƽһЩ仯˵˵ĳ
ѵĹϵΪʲôϵ˵硣ǸߺǶں߰˳
һЩ֪Ķڿջ֪
ڽеʱߺһľͷӣߺΪûӵأڿҿûӵ
Ϊǿ֤㽻ǷˣûӣҪ˫Ǯơ
ǣߺʱû˸Լ֮
һǮӦþͽ뵽ǵĿڴ֮ˣΪǾϴҲû˸˵ʲô
ǻƱƵģƱʱû˻˵ʲô
֮ͰƱˣȵóվڵʱ򣬾ͻ˼ƱûƱ˫Ʊ
ֱҹߺƣصԼķ䣬ڴϺ˯
˵ʮֵŨǸոſڣӿ뵽У˸оʮֵ泩
ԣ˯ĸߺĵ˯һξ
ڶ죬ӴʱѾ͡
һߺԼȻʮֵɣδоôõ顣
ֲýʱҪôǮأӴ˵ֵ治ߺһƲԼԱ˯С
治а
С˲䣬ߺ飬˵
˵˵㵽Ǹʲô⣬߱үҲаߺĳ˿ջ
ֽھȥ֮ϵС󿴿ҿеʮֵʡ
ߺȴû飬ҪʮߵһӶ޿ǹĵģﻹ˼ͷ羰أ
Һ˸߸ߺֻ֮ҪӦʯܹޣ춼
ߺʮֵĸˣȻʯʤڰȫ
Ƭ򣬸ߺпܶǿߣǶǹ޵ġ
ߺЩ̾ǿĺǿߣȻֻ߲ܱܿԼδЩ̫ǿˣ
ȻлкܶΪߵߣǵӣӦȫȥμӹѡߡ
ߺһǰʮԲͲÿһԲͲԱվߣͷλãվһߣǿߡ
ˣߺֻ֣ò߲ͬʵġ
һҲ߲ʵġ
ÿһͲӵ涼дֱ֣һʮǼ۸мλ춼
ÿһļ۸񶼲ͬ˵һԶҪһʮʯһٶʮ顣
ߺһ£춼ʮʯ
˵춼ԼмλãҲ֮䡣
ߺһٶʮʯУһߴŸߺֽڵ档
ڸߺǰվһֻķǰ
߸߸ߺǰ潻֮
ʵǿ󣬴Լں۷̶ֳϣһ˿˿ѪԾ
оռߵλãԼû޸ս
Ϊ˵Ǻ̵ܻģֻҪԼֱ֮۸ģиǿš
Ҳǳ˵ĴСģϵĳ
ֻڲĵĸЩӶߴ󲿷Ҳӣˡ


300 
ͬȥ춼ĻкܶˣԼһжʮˣڳʮɣſ˫нʮɿ˵Ͳʲô顣
ĹԱҲιĺ˵ЩѾȥ˺ܶˣ󲿷ֶǻ۷壬к龳ߡ
ڸߺӦöȥμӹѡġ
ߺ֮ϣоƬʮֵļӲһ㡣
ûһߣȻᱻƬѵ
˵Уǿģǿȣʹһ۷߶ʲôӰ졣
Ȼͨĺ龳۷ߣʵǿǿؼɽ֣˺Ȼڻ¡
ΪˣŻǿ
ֻΪǴģǵԻأԲһ˿Գܵ˵ġ
˫Ӷ޴ķ˫ȻѸʧС
ߺֻһǿķ紵ԼգԼ㱻ȥϿǾ޴Ƭûȥ
СĻУȵĳ˯˵ʲôǡ
ֽҲѧץסƬ
ӭߺֻߵľһԼྭ
ֻһͷɳӴĳУпУһ־Ӹµĸо
棬һ޼ɭ֣ʱû˿Գ÷ǳïʢߴ
ߺ֮ǰûпΪĳǽ̫ߴˣЩ֮߳࣬ҲΪ˷ֹЩӴޣ׵Ļٵǽ
ԽԽԶߺǰҲԽԽߴԽԽ׳
и߰ɵľǿ̫޴ˣźܶ
һſϵ£Ĳ
ߺŶ֣Щ˺ƽûʲôһֻɢȽǿ󣬼ʹһδɵСŻصΪ
ֳֹ֮󣬾;еĹǿ˲Ȼкǿľ硣
۴УǸߺ֪˵ʲôӦǻδɵҰˡ
ΪǵĴҲʮֵļ򵥣ֻһЩҶסȽҪĲλȫĲλǳġ
ǵļʸĺԶźХ

ͬײƺûоʲôͺХˡ
ߺıϣȻûˣȴӾ̾ķ
Ҫ֪еκһˣʹĺߣܵô֧Ĺġ
ǿǿߣпܵסЩʸ
ϾҲСĿС˺ܶࡣ
Ÿߺ˺Хٶȵ΢һЩ֮ȻԼ׼
ͻȻҲ֪ô£һЩҲȥ춼
Ҫ޵أΪһأܷе̫죬ȻĻǶԶԷӣǰһ˵˵Լ֪ʲô˵һ㡣
ߺҲܾﲻԾ
Ϊʵ̫ǿˣ޵֮ӦǿʳӦǻصġ
ԷʵǿӦ߲Ŷԣٶȡ
ּ߱ٶȵıַơ
ԽԽһ̾Ҫͣסˡ
ߺ˶סҪԼ˶ȻԼߵɣ
ĵڷˣΪڽͣˣ䵽˵ϡ
ڵϲϵԼצٵأץߺգ뽫ǻɣ
ģǾԲΥŵԵģȻӮӦҪ͵춼һ͵
ʱһȻԶ˶亹ô£Ѳ˹ɱǣ
ʱһӰ˵ǰʮֵ˧ɫƤڵͷһۡ
üĿ˫üޣ˫ͬеǳһ
֮ϣҲмŮӣǿλӣ˽еĳ˧е˶Ȳѣ
԰㿴Ǹб޵ǸӣҲǷǳ˧ĸһƴء
Ǻ˧ûˣеǸ̫ˣ˲ҿأã
ϵƺأôģһı顣֪ʲôΪ
Ƕ͸ȻǺ龳ˣ˧ǿҼ޸һͺˡ
Ǹ˵Ǿ仰֮󣬱û˵ߵǸǰԼ֡
оȵ֮УȻʼͷӲߵĵƵġ
ҽ裬ǿԽ٣Ǹ˵ż㣬ɵ֮ϡ
ڵһλϣĮ
СӣҾ㣬һλǱүģϽҹǰǸӣҲ˵ھǿصеҲסˡ
Լ˵ˣ˾ȻҫۣеŮ˵ĿⶼȻиߺ
ڱȽϣߺ赽˭˧˭ǿ
ǣȽô죬Ƕѷֲ٣ΪߺСڣֵ½˲١
ֽƲƲ죺֪ν֪Сһֶǿ𣿡
ǣҲֽԼѣû˵
ߺȴпһЩߡ
ǾǵǸȥʱƬȻըγһλӡ
ϸڲǸߺԼˣһЩҲˣʶȤû˵ʲô
ǣվǰǸȻ߷߲ƽҹȥ
ҲǺΪΪȽ鸡ߺ룬ʵӦòǺǿ
磬²ǵĽôģֽڴյ˸ߺߣصʵ
ߺ˫ۼ
Ȼߺͺ׼Ƶġ
Ȼ۾Ǹ˵
˵ţһȭ䵽˵ϡ
Ǹû֧ͱˣٶޱȡ
ֻ忪ʼĻɢȻѿˣɢȥ
ûйô֮࣬㿪ʼȶ򱱷ȥ
еŮ۾ĵ״ð
ǿ󣡡
ߺܻƺܱ

ȫߺУߺҲижԾǿߣΪʲôôʵܶء
ߺ˼⣬Ȼһ󵨵뷨ߺ漴ҡҡͷԲܣǷˣ
Ȼô˵Ǹߺ۹ԽԽ϶ˡ
ҲоߺڿɵĿ⣬Ҳһ
ѲҵݱˣܣӦòܣû˿Էҵݡ
ߺеСˣ죬ʾ
ڳֻȮϵĵͺʲô漴Դ˸ߺһָߺûʲôӦһԴֳ˯ȥˡ


301 ̸Ц
һ·޻ȻһЩ޵սǸߺҲδ۾ôһֱϼ¡
ԱߵֽģȻÿʼߺеС
ҲţͳɣԲߺóһöҩǸߺǿΪġ
һʮöѾöˣߺҪǳԵҩΪԵҩԡ
õҩʵĻվһʵһֵزͨߣϾҩʵûʵʵ˳ġ
ͨνԱߵǸһһȭҲ˸ߺģԺܲõҩͲˡ
Ϊȥˣʵվϣ
Сıᣬ˫˲ԲԲ۾öҩҩջǳĴ
ֽڷϣ͸ô
ջһ㣬һЩ͵ģƭ֮󡭡Ͳ˵ˡ
ǵҩСջķǳ󣬵ǿ˿ֽڣֿ˿µĸߺС¶˾ģ˸ߺĻС
Ŵת˹ȥȥֽڡ
Сûа취ǲǣ˵ţֽ־ȥСе˶һĻˡ
û뵽СȻӵǻۣҸղŵĶֿȫһ˸е뷨
Ǵʱ˿̳һֻ޵ϣȻǻۣǣޱϾޣû̫ǻۡ
ǣֻ޿ڻڣ͸˵ǻˡ
λֵܣֻܸһüǮʱһ˴յߺߣСضԸߺ
ߺɱ˫ۣһԡ
˿ߺȻ˵ֻֽԹۣЦſԼһ
־ȻС󿿽ҪСͷ
Ҫ֪Сһ㶼֪飬Լôһ֮ճԼأǼһĺܺá
СҲܸǼһӣСԴȻ̧˵ֿȥ
ǸһϲȻϲĺģˣ
ԭСȥ֮󣬾߾벻ʮ׵ʱСȻһ
˵ϣ˲˵۳һ㺮
ҲûκηҲû֧ŻһֶĲܶˡ
ɶɣ߳ŭƱСͷ­ȥ
СȻԻͷߺĻȥ
ߺʱȻ۾һµס˵֮ͣ˰գȻ˵ʲô
ʲô㿴ңҸѡһԼó͸ңɱȻ͵ȥ˷ȸ״һҡ
ߺ¶һ˿õ΢ЦС㣿
ûңҵֻС³ȻԲģһҧС˺
ֽһɳܣ֪Сﲻ˵Ȼ
е˶ֺǺǵĿߣ뿴ߺ˵ʵΣ趼ڿעȴڸߺеСϡ
ôԵҲǵһοҿӦøոճãеݶûгȫء
Ҫǣոע⵽ֻ޾ȻԼơ
Ҫ֪ƽޣʵ߳ԼޣȻӦܹܸӦҾԼеϡ
ԲƵģǰСһһĴڣԼƣƵʮֵļ򵥣ֺԼˡ
ˣһʲôĴڣ
ϸĿ˿ߺһȻĿǰʱһؾ磬ȴоΣ
е˶ûΪߺ˵أ뿴ߺ״ô졣
˶ûָ֤ԼǼһˣһȻΪ˵ˣ˵ңǻҪǧʯȻĻǾһȥɣ
˵ţ˱Լơ˽ԾΪ˾ȻǺһڵΪ
ڿ棬ߺǺһسڣֽȴҲֻǻһؾ硣
СΣҿ˳ʵ̫ˣС缸ںֱһ
ߺЦݺȻޱȲãϵȴԽԽֱֱð
֮ŭˣҪƳ˽˸ߺ־鷢ˣԼôֱۺǯסһûа취ء
УЦݲõĸߺһħЦ̸һ˵翪Цһ㡣
ϵߴߺֱۣϣøߺ֣벻ԼߵֽƵģֽŶҪˣߺֱһ˺۶ûС
оû뵽һȴǿߣǣô񰡡
磬ʲôʱ򡭡ֽҲ˸ߺѾﵽס
ߺһЦСӹ⿴ǰɣҵΪڰ֮ǰ͵˺һأǰȥҵΪΪʲôûһֱ
ԭ뵽֮Ũߺ֮е궯Ҫͻˡ
ǣߺоԼӦͻԼǹĻᱻµġ
ԣԥĽЩ͵֮еÿһλϵĴԼ塣
ȻúЧһ㣬һʱûڵĺԼøͲ
ǰ˵ԣһ֮еںϵһ𣬳ʱ򣬸첻κε
˵屻סˣСڴӸߺĻнͷת˹˷ܵΧŸߺֱ۲ϵԾ
˳Ÿߺֱ˵ǰȻһں˳ȥ
˱Ӧԣ˲֧ǣߺһֳֻȭͷһ´ڻϡ
Ļڸߺǰǲһ𲻵κεá
Сĺһڿڵ˵ϣ˵𽥱һ㺮Χˣ岻ϵŤҽڶ
˿ȥˣվ˵̫𣿾Ȼôһˡ
ߺֽʹһɫֽڻ⣬Ͻת˲Ǹ˵ǰָ˵ĺ
û˵ȨΪλֵܵĳﱻԩݵʱûһ˽ʵ˵֮ʳʱ˵ʲôĻͲ𣿡
ʱҲվĶǸ˵
ͬʱҲ˵Щġ
ߺ˵ͷһĴָ
ĻģȻôƽĻǳʲôڣڣְɣߺ˵ţһֻѸٵĽСС
С֪ߺҪˣѸߺļϣŶˡ
ߺϵЦԽԽãץס˵ֱȴԽԽ
ǡ
˵ֱˣߺ˲ɿȻ˲ȭ˵ؿڡ
һѪߺȥ֮ϵķ̫ˣȥ
˵Ҳ׹ȥڰл˺ü顣
ֽǱߣոǸվ򱧲ƽˣԴҲ˼ҡ
ߺֽٴ£ȴûκ˸λɱǸߺϲŭ޳
̸ЦУʧڻּ䣬ħһΪ


302 
һ·޻ķٶȷǳĿ죬µʱ䣬ߺ˾ʹ򣬵춼
춼ʮ֮еκһҪ˵춼֮ڵҲʮĸ֮Ũġ
ûзɽǣڳһ֮أϰͷͣϢ
κ֣ߺҲܲϵˣЩøʲô͸ʲôûֻһô𾴡
ʮֻͶ˸磬ͷɵԱЪˡ
춼ˣ߰ɣߺ֮һֽ˵
ҲǱߺ̼ˣֽһ·ϾȻͻƣǻ۷ΪֻһǺ龳硣
ȻΪˣʵҲǳɱڵֽھǶսһ۷Ҳ߹ϼС
Ҫߺһ룬ߺŭ֮ʵ̫̬ˣԻǷˡ
ʼգ趼עӸߺеССĳɳҲʮֵľȡ
ߺһ·ϲϵ͵͵С֮ͺϾߺѾҪˣǲǿһЩյ۸ԼҲϹⲻȥ
ΪߺСպ֮󣬾ȻܹĽٶȣԱúʱʱι
СΪʲôıߺҲֻõԺԼΪﵽһľ磬Ҳ֪Сܰɡ
ڵС֫ѾģеĺҲǿ󣬸ߺƣڵСԼлһصľ硣
СԴƿǶصܹڻжܸߺǿ
ڵСص߶ɱɣͨĻأǰĸߺܹ׵
ڵС󳤵õܹȥˣֻСצӴԼָĳȣҲ˺ܶ࣬Լһôͷһ
ֻСצ˶˲죬ٶȷǳĿ죬ߺţǰߺʹøӰҲֻСһٶȲࡣ
Դצ֮СˣĸӷˣϵڸߺҴڣһֱ֪ƣСӣڿֵĽˣ
ڽǵʱسʿһ¸ߺеӣ㲻˵ʲôˡ
ߺֵǣسʿҲҲ̫󣬵ΪȴǺһΪԱߵĽǺǿΪ
Щ䶼Ǻܴ󣬰˵ӦÿԽйѡģȴûڹ֮У⵽Ϊʲô
Ҫ˵ǰĽ뾰춼кǿʵߺôҲŵġ
춼һССŹپкǿΪϿԼҲ󲻼꣬Ӧڲμ֮С
ߺ̤˽ȥֽС춼ת˽죬ߺûп뾰һ˿Ӱ
ǵģˣʱҲҪ쵽ˣֱȥɣֽô˵ǶǹμӹӼģһᱨģ
ڲģʵ̫ŨˣԶǱ¶Ȳģ춼һļ紺ûʲô¶ȵı仯
еʲô仯ڼʹĩҲе䣬ľʮֵïܣȴ˸ߺ
ߺȵĩȻԼһö飬СĲϣǺ᲻ͣẮСա
û뵽ȴûжһ˵Ըˣߺֻÿһö飬СĲϡ
᲻ϵϡͱϵĺټСԴԴϵգöֻܼһ졣
СĵȽȴڲϵĽһ׶ˣ֮ǰٶ˺ܶࡣ
СڸߺǰģҸߺ֮ддĺԺ͸ߺʮֵ׽ǰŸߺ
ߺоСĵǣǵ֮кܶ״ѩɫ·
ߺ˲ˣֲöôıһ·Ǻ˵˶öҲǻˡ
½кܶ޵Щǽ޵صʵʵģǿ֣֮޵Ҳǿ֮֡
һ޵Ľ޵ֻͬСͬ޵߽޵лƵġ
ߺöǵлƣڰ˽׾Ž޵ǲģҲѪͳ⣬ԼͻƼޣܹĲΡ
ʹǾŽޣĵ߽޵ԣڱϿлƵ޵ѵˡ
ͳɾҲޣһ˵ǶôҪ
ƽɳ׵ĻôżҺпܳΪ춼ڶ
ҴСɵ޶˷ǳҳϣֱѵ޵ǧʯѵá
ʯ˵ʯǧǧҲǧʯܹһöϵ޵Ҫ˵޵
Ȼ֪һУǸߺСĴûʲô仯Ǹ˵˵
ҲûΪٳɳ࣬һһöԸߺ˵ʵʵĺá

һ·ߺ춼ѡ濴һԲΣʮףֱһۿףе񶷽ǳ
кܶ߰أЩߴ󲿷ֶǺ龳ߣǴ춼ʿס
վһ
кܶôǰ˵Լ֮ǾͻһƣͬģҲҪʯ
ߺֽҲУ鳤ģߺֽ档
ڣǰȥˣʱѾǰˣطʣ¸ߺʿĵطȼˡ
ˣǲΪѡģɣ칫ѡҪʼˣǸʿվ˵
ߺ˵˵ͷǾΪ˶ģ
ǲμӹѡģι۵ģǸʿʼԸߺֽڵʡ
ߺЩֵʵʲôһ𣿲һǽȥ𣿡
ǸʿĿ˸ߺһۣȻֿ˿ɫ
ǵһ춼ҲǵһμӹѡһһʱλŻύӣ͸ǽһ°ɣ
ѡ֮еİ˴Ĵʵǲ˴Ĵֻ춼֮ڵġ
ƹȵȶ춼ĹϽ֮ڣΪڲǶϱߵģ춼ˡ
ˣҲֻʹ춼Ͻ֮ڵߡ
μӹѡߣʮ֮£Ϊóһؾ磬ֻһ㣬˺ܶߡ
μӱˣвýκηãǱ뵽ۿҪɶʮʯ
ԱιԱһţμӱ˱ϵȻڶ춼ͻῪʼͨ
֮ʮֲҵģϵȫΪɱ
ѡһʮһǲʵԼһֱ۴ϸľնϼɡ
ȥ֪֮ˣս˴ӣǹ֮սĴͣʮǺ֮ȫ


303 ʼ
˵֮Ǹʿߺֽ˹ĵд˹֣ȻǱźš
ߺֽڷֱǾŰپʮźһǧţǸʿԼ˵Ǹһǧ֮źŵģ˷ֲͬ
ߺȵǣ𷢲һһˣΪֹȫˣҲ˵һʮ˹μѡ
ߺЩΣֱҪеʲôʱ򰡡
춼ľ¥ߺ˼һƣֽڶʼԷ
ط춼ľ¥ĶʮֵĿɿڣߺ̲ס˼ڡ
ʮֵİֻ⼸ˣͻ˸ߺһٿʯϾ춼𣬹طͲһܹġ
ߺˣûʲôƽգȫߣȴͬϰһš
ͼߣճϢֲֻĶǵͼݡ
ݽӳĹʵǹЩ߼ʳõģ߼ҲҪʯ
߼һ߾ͳȥԲޣ޵ȣȻЩʳҲǹ߼ʳõġ
Һãߣߵʳ̫󣬶һĵزʹһ˲ԶҲ̫Ĺϵ
ҪȻʹٶʳҲ춼
ڸߺ˳Եʱһ˫ӺȻ͵͵ĴȻһ޵⣬ȥ
ߺĸоôôأ
˵ҪԵĻ͹ĳαô͵͵أߺ˵
ſӺȻڸߺǰˣǸߺֵĵغãôⰡ
˵ţһܵľ׽潣ҲֳӰеɫھĲ֮ϡ
˵죬ҲӦó˰ɣֻһǧʯϵʯ㻨һȥ˵
ոջܣ˿˿ε˵ǶԲ𣬿ǣƽְһǮ
һķŭѵҾ͸ûǮ𣿡
ҲǺöûгԶ˺òãҲЩŭ
ߺεĿž죺԰Ҽǵиһͬʮʯǣôûأ
˵ЩΣ˵
콫ɫıջأ˵˵ɣһȥ춼ļԺлһصǿߵŮˣǶһЩ޵֣Ǯʮֵİ󣡡
ûп˵ϺֽڻС
Сһʳ̣û뵽Сŭˣһںȥ
⧲֮£ϾȻʼǾϾΪǿ֮е΢΢һϵıɢһء
Сһʲô⣬Ȼ±ǲģٶһߣֻ˲ͽϵıˡ
󣬿ϵȥ
һҵģԴֻѣߺ˵ţһǿȥ
쿴һȣҲμӰɣ
ǣ˾Ȼʼǿ⣬Ӳϵı任һʹǿȻ˿С
Ƕ¥λãһ˫һ¾ͼסˣλΪ˸飬ͽΣ
վߺһ¶΢Ц빫ӣþòû뵽Ҳͻˣ
ߵ빫ӣվ΢ЦĿļλΥˣңߺأֽڣ
ŶԭǴ⬰ôʱҶöˣһˣЦųȥ죬ǰʲôԣ
빫¶һ˿΢ЦðɣʲôܹͿˣһλõһĽһûлأ
УҵĿǵһʱǽ㣡һߺԺһ߱빫ӡ
빫εһЦ˵Ĳҵ˵һ˵Ƕʮʯҵڻûл꣬ո˵Ҳˣ꣬ʮʯҲǷˣ
ʱ򣬸ߺҲߺ빫ӱȭ֣þòˣ빫ӣ
빫ӿߺҲЦЦżһ𣬸ֵΪȻ֮죬εĿҲֻǹӼ𰡣УҴ⬱ɣǶôеġ
֣ƵĺˣβȥǸɣ⬶Ž˵
˵ͷһҪֻȻ涨ֻк߲ʸУڳɹˣ
˵ĵʲôߺЩ죬Լ
΢΢һЦ˸ǵһ黹ʱΪԻ֪ģ
˳֮󣬴ǼҲ͹ݳֱȥˡ
ѩ֮Ҳ֣ҽӴ֣ҲҶ֮ôѩĽ
춼֮󣬸ߺ֣ҵѡǵģû뵽춼л󣬶ұ־ѩǸһ޶һ֪һҵġ
߾˵춼ĳĲҵ춼ûм˸鷳
ߺûȥҿջȥˣҪ죬ҸĵطôС
һҿջֽס˽ȥ
ھʱû飬ӳƺŵ˵أ֮ǰֻҪսͺˡ
ڶԼߺֽͳǸǶȴ
賿ʱһӶӺڴԶżǿߺͺ߰صߡ
źɫ۵ߣǵؿ֣ΪǼ߻Ҫߡ
ǣ춼Ϊ⼸ߺ˲ˣؿֿѵˡ
˵ǰ˿ƶɵģ춼ݣŵλ
һԶԺ߷ֱվţֱͨǶмţȴĽƳɵģߺƶȴţ˿δ
˾Ǳߣʱ򣬸ߺԱ˽
ֵܣǴ磬飬෴ֵܣ顭
˾Ȼֻߣȫɺ۷ʵҲһ˵Ķְɡ
ǸưԲħڵжôǿʮʮħ˧֮ǲǻʲôִڣ
˴ǵǽƳɵĴ֮ǰվƣ򵥵ôһƣһǿҵķХ
һ֮¾ȻʼĴˡ
ֵʱ򣬸ߺŷ֣˾Ȼֻһֱֻۣӵۣӵұۡ
ɫȻڣսұߣչ߽ȥ
ߺ濴ȥŵԱֻڶĶѨ΢΢棬Ǻ𲻵ʲôá
ߺװŵӺֽȥЩսұ߷ӿȥ


304 ɹ
ڵĶУߺ֪Լ˶೤ʱ䣬Ҳ֪Լ˶ԶˣΪܶǺڵģе˶ʱ·Ѿû˸
ߺǰʱ򣬸ߺֻǰһʮֿĿռ䣬˿ʼӲͬ
䳡Բģڱ䳡мλϣһ͹ı䳡䳡Ļһ͹ı䳡ǸطտҲȻĸ޴ı䳡ǰ˸䳡
͹ı䳡ÿһʮɵĸ߶ȣһ޴Ľһ㡣
м͹ı䳡һıȻб䳡ģ
ΪֹȻ棬Ҳٸ޴ı䳡Ȼ󣬱䳡ΧһȦˮأˮ֮ľ޴Ӱζ
ȻҪ˵ΧˣһȦʮֱ۴ֵľ׮ӡ
е˶֮ſڴȻͻһƣǾ޴Źˡ
¡¡һ˱ܵſڴȥаߺ
˻عͷʱٸΪкǿ߾վЩľ׮֮
һݱȽϸߵ˳Ϊ˴·Ǻɫģ·ȷʵɫġ
˵Լʮ꣬߰׵ͷ룬ʱ۸ߺôоҲһͨˣȫްΪӡ
ǣ֮󣬸ߺȴоԼǰ˵ԵĻÿ˵һ仰ϡ
ƽ˵ٶȣǰ˼ʱһݸһ
ȿȿȣҺãϹټҵˣֽϹ⣬˵һأǰľ׮ֻҪԼ֮ϵǹˣǵڶأֻҪǴʮɿˮйӮ˸ǣŻǴԼǶޣѾʮˣ
˵ߺԼԼĿſʮϵϣһ˿Цݡ
ߺһ¶ϹĸоˣΪǷ豹棡
һ³ȥһ˿Ϊûеϼһﲢһ˿ΪûУʵѾﵽ˷豹ĵز
ڵϹ⿴ƽˣкǿȫԷһеġ
ɱеˣòʮаɡ
춼֮ȻԻǸߺţûгô߾ۿ߶򲻹ϡ
˵Ӽȷ涨Ϊóһؾ硣
ߺ֪ԼĲ´ˣǧս֮лΪǿߡ
ˣڿʼɣ˼岻ãǾҿŵ㣬ȿȿȣ˵꣬Ϲ⻹Ŀ˼
ߺҲϵˣǹôģ˵еĳǰɵĴڣǵѾ˷ķ롣
׵˺Ʋ񷣬ڲ֮ķ衣
Щǿߵסߺˣߺо΢΢
ڣˣոأߺͳľ׮֮ڣֵ͵ľ׮ȥ
䡭
ֱ۴ϸľ׮˲Ͽߺٶȸûͣ£ѸˮԱȥ
ֽҲһЦеĽӶһľ˲ڡ
ЩҲϲĿ飬һ£Ǿǽ̨վŵǿߵˡ
оһˣᷭľ׮֮󽣳ʣʣżأѸˮԱ߳ȥ
ȳһߺܹĸоľ׮
Ǹľͷ׶ɣĽʵ̫ˣľ׮ûе
һ龳ӾͶȡɣ͵Ȼľ׮ϺݺݵôȥѾϿľ׮Ȼȥˡ
ˮԱȥǸոܳľ׮ͱһ͸ˡ
ˮضЩǿ߳ˣҾǣҪˣʹǵٶһҲֱܹǵûף
ɱϣͲ͵ĻᣬҲɣֱӾɱסеĲߡ
Լɱϰ֮ʣЩʵˣԹԵı
ߺͷһϤӰ֮ʶ衣
ĵһľ׮֮ϣȻԽżΪᣬѸٵתǸľ׮̻һľм顣
ߺжˣӲȥĥĿϧˣ
ٶȷǳ죬żһ㣬廯һˮصԱߣȻùѸʧԭأȥ
ˮ֮»ζľ޴ӰӣȻſҧȥ
ߺǻ˲䣬ǸˮϱʮɸߵˮȻǻ˲ˮ֮ϡ
˫ſԽװȥ˫ۺȻɱ֮һȦǻȻѹȥˡ
ǿȻѹˣе˲żγߺЩȡ
һҲǺһߣǾʹҲףͬԷĴ߳һֹ
¸ߺʹĻԲӮ衣
ߺҲʹõֻûôֶΣʱڿķһȻżĵǻϣǿȻĵصˮ¡
ߺҲͨ˵ڶԣǵˣϹ⻹ûгߺֻĬĬĵȴ
˳Źۿһ˶Ϸ롣
еṦȷȻƮУҪжɹȥ
ֻ뵽ģô벻һڸߺȷһµȷкߵʵ
ЩȻǸߺоӦûδֻ꣬ͨĺ龳硣ǵȫμҲֻʮɵĳȡ
ݸߺ֪ĳʵӦǺصľ磬ʮɣϵƤʮֵļͣŵѩĻܹ׻ٵײ翷ǸǷַӵ顣
ɽ֮УЩǿ߽ƵɽһЩرߴɽ壬ٵɵɽҲ⣬Ȼ۵ûţҲ۵Ļ
뷨ʵֲˣΪѩ̫ͣͲлǿޡ
ΪʳӪߣҺʲôرḻЩѩ˵Ȼ˵춼
ԣЩڿзɵģҵײ˽֮ϣΪ˻ζ͡
ЩԼЩͲŵ棬Ȼͽˡ
ЩΪʵУԼڿԷԾȥû뵽ҵĵһλζ͡
֮пܾһˣߺеߣ¾
µվǣͷĬӣϵСԴ˿ߺȻѧĬģ塭
ߺʼЩصˣСڲ֪黹Ĭأģжô뱯
ڶز̫ѣȻǶԸߺֽ֮һЩ˹֮ӦãܣǸһȡʤ
ȥڵһȥͽǷģһˡ
̨ϻˣл۷ҲУҲУɫɫġ
̫ˣϲûڵڶʧܣǵĵء


305 սǿ
ڶˮûˣʣµֻʣǱѪȵĳˮʬʱϹҲ˳
ֻܵʣ˼ˣ֮ǰһ룬Ҳ˵ЩȺһΪߣһڶرˢһȥôµ̭ʡ
ǶǾӢҪĵط˴ĴͷﱨҲһǵΪΪ˲ûбҪı΢˸һЩ
˵⣬Ϲͣһ£ȻָźЩǿ˵ǽĶֻ֣ҪǵĹгסʮӣǹء
ڸضǸ˾ְ
Ǻǿ֮׷ı䳡Ծȥվ䳡
ˣǵˣսÿֻһϡ˵꣬Ϲⷴˮȥ
ոջʮ׶ĻȻˮһкãˮ֮Ӳһš
ҵСԹ֪˼岻ãȻҹȥϹ˵֮һԾ˻֮ϣڻƽأȥ
ߺһ񺮣Ϲ⣬ȻװôãǷˣ
ٻعͷʱѾ̨ȥˡ
ҲЩ˽ϣĿ⿴棬ȥˣ˭Ҳû뵽յıȻôײУȻЩɱϹٻ١
Ȼû
һ˶Щ˻ϤһԾ̨֮ϣոϹ񣬾ͱǿһָᴩͷ­ƵĲˡ
үһǣһ𣬽һӰ̨ϣүеģƤۣһҡķݺᡣ
ȻнױֻкΪû뵽ȻܹõнױżһǸаߺ̾
ǰǸ¶һ˿ӲЦݣԭʤǿĲ飡
˵գһ죬һɣ
Ȼе͵ʤȥٶȼգۼ͵ʤǰʤһЦ
˵գеĽӣ϶ȥټ죬˸ûôģֻоһĹ켣ͱ롣
Ϲټҵô򵥵ģʤĽոջǸǿ߾͵ǰӣһɨɨȥ
ʤż㣬ѸٳڰգȻһǸǿߵȥ
죡Ǹǿϲ͵һȣŵأ˫ȾȻʼתſнȥ
һȾͽʤĽ߿ʤҲзȥ
û뵽Ѿĺǿ˫Ƚ棬˫ְأҲȻ͵ʹתȥ
żϳһ㣬ͬһ׶ʤȥ

ʤҲĬĬҲ͵תָ˵ȣ˵׶ȥ
ȻûתʤĽ·ʮֵأһ㣬˲˵ǰ
ϡ
ǿȥʤзȥ
һҵĳϯķӸλǿߵо˲ˣǵ嶼ɳˡ
ҲһЩ˵ù׹䵽Աߵˮ֮УҺãЩѾԵĲˡ
ֻǽҧˣûгԵ
½һĻǿ棬̭Ҳ
ʤʱѾںҪˣǸǿȴ˫֣أȥϹٶӳǱߵŰɣ
ٿϹ⣬˹ˣżڵһһ֪ʲôƳɵĽˮγˣ档
ʤЦһһ뽫ɱأû뵽ȴˣ
Ǹǿȴһ仰˵ĿʤһĶԻû˿ı仯
ˣүɣȻĻϷֻⳡˣʱϹ˵ˡ
Ϲ⣬ŵʤ·ʮֵľ£һ˵ʤȻĵʯ̾Ͳ˵ˣҹԹԵϹߡ
绻ҰɣʱһȻ̨ȥվǸǿߡ
Ǹǿޱ飺롭
ҽ棬ָ̣浭ľһȻһһС
ֻǻ۷徳磬ֽͬǸոǸһľĽ͡
ˣ죬ոսУսȻ΢ס
ƣĺǿ֮Щ΢΢Ĳ졣
ûй˵е˵һ֣ն
ĽûгʣдȥƯڰУڿУٵĳʣǣֵǲ޽ĳ֡
ǽ·ڿʧһ㣬ֻʣһϢڿС
ߺҲʮֵľȣʲô⽣پȻ쵽ֵز
ֽٱİν˿һôһ˿˿ңĽ·У֪Ȱνǿ١
ĽԼͷ­ǸǿҲһ˲ͷӦˣ£һ
Ȼһ㷭ˣзȥźݺݵıȥ
ǣȥƲģնȥֻٶȿ˺ܶࡣ
ﬡ
һڱ̨һӡǣҲһķмٵķȥ
̨֪ʲôģȻֻһǳǳĽۡ
浽УеĽٴμ٣ȻǸǿնȥ

һٶ֮սǸ汾ٶȻôǳٶȼ죬սķʽȻһֱǸǿ߰սʽߡ
գ̵ʮӣ˵ǸǿʮӣսʽһѪĳ嶯
ߺûٿȥˣһȥ˺üˣôԼˡ
ǿڶ˵Ȼܼ򵥣ûԹڲʹʤǿߡ
׼һأǸǿϵĲЩ֮ǱȽǿģԸߺѡ
ȻսѡһȽǿġ
ǣڸߺ֮ǰһǰȥˣ衣
źɫ·ֵܣһΣ
ָŶĺǿߣ㻹еʵģӦһս
롭û˵ʲôϻ赭˵һ֡
¶һ˿΢Цɱ
ȭͷֱðȻż͵ʹı̨˲һӡ
ӰҲѸٵĳǸǿߵԣϵȭͷһӰӣǸǿߺХ

һ˳ǹУסһȦ
Ȼ˻Уߺ֪һӮģҲûпͷˣԱȥ
ߺָߺ˵
һǿ߸ոմһߣԼߣԺԥľȥ
롭
ߺ˵ȳְɣ


306 
ʹõһ˳еĵ߾ԼеĵѸٵߺȥ
ߺȴûʹֱϹ鼡⣬սȭͷſǳеȥ
ϡ
һȦȦɢߺ˲ɡ
ǸǿеĻҲˣűֱɪɪûа취
ߺǸֱҲɪɪһ˿Ѫֱ
ߺεЦЦǿǲܵģǻ˵ģǿĹ֮ͬҲǻ˵ġ
Ѿﵽ֮ȻЩЧ֣˵ߺ֣Լ˿ڣϣȻǸߺܹĸо
ǿ軹˺Զñǲеˣߺ
һ𽣳У˸ɫĹâ
νߺ˫һѸٳʣһɵĽĺǿ߷ȥ
ǸǿҲǲڸߺо½ԭ֪ǿ٣пǶ˼ʹ֣ǿߵĶ֡
Ǹǿеĳݺݵǵȥǿҵĳ֣ߺ˲ͳƳų˵ǰ
ƽ
ϵڸߺпʼѰҶԷķ϶ƽʹôʩչģʮֵļѡ
գǸߺĽʤһҵ˻ıһ֮Ƶˡ
Ǹ˵ؿڴȥǸǿҲʾеĳһת͵ԼǰߺĽ˻ȥ
Ȼһߺȥֻڸߺʵ̫ǿˣе𽣲ϵĵֵһ߽洦γɣͬγɵĻһȦȦĳ
ңߺ󱳲ϵĴը󱳵ĿϵĿʼѣܴɢ
֪ѾսһֶˣսϹЩ죬Ͼڸߺֵʵ̫ǿˡ
˶Ǽʮ֮Ǹĺǿ߾ͻס֣ʤ
ʹĻǸҲʮ˷ܵսȦϾԼʤˡ
Ψߺǰǿߣ·ˣϵĻеıԷȥҲñ񵲡
ϹټҵƽʱϽ˽ģǿߺܾûиܵսζˣһսȻԸ׵ķŹ
ߺȴǵһôսһʼôĴϵýнй
ŲϵϤԼߣɵʽûУһնء
ǿ߸ǲӦýΪĽƫɣͲʺϴĿ硣
һͷӲ߸ӵеƻҲ˵ûкôýĻԼķӵֻƻ
ߺвûеֻĽָ֮ûôõнױ
ǶԸߺ㹻ˡ
һһ½׳УȻߺǰĺ߿ȥ
һȥռĿȫֿˣʮ㣬һĿ졣
Ǻǿߴ󾪣û뵽ߺԽԽ죬һ֮£ɢȻȸղŸ߳ɡ
ﬡ
ߵ˳ȥȻȵĿŸߺ㣬㾹Ȼ̽ԼԼ㽲ҵ̤ʯˣ
ߺ¶һ˿΢Цлл㣬ĻһôԼ
ǰܸˡǸǿָε˵
ʱϹԣǰˣҰܵúܳףΥ˹涨Ȼߴ˽ʮӣҪܳͷ
ǣӳҴˣǿߺʮֵĺϹ⣬æջеıϥŵأϹǰ
ߺЩⲻȥϾԷԼܴæˣλǰӲҪŵģͲҪˣ
ϹתֱֱĶŸߺСӣ㻹ûʸ˵Ϲټҵɣ
ǵģûʸ˵Ϲټҵ飬㻹һߣİ֮ɣߺ̵
ϹߺһｫԼʵΪˣʮֵľȣϹټ֮ǱȽϵ͵ˣټΪϹٸ֮Ҳ̫ǿϲ¶
Ϊ˵ҵΪҾͲͷ𣿡ϹЩңˣȥСʱСʱ֮ڲܹ
ߺ¶һ˿΢ЦǳͷȫǻӰ
Ҫ֪Ǹһߺһսûˣǻϵĵ˰ڻͬһʹء
ллӳǸǿ߶Ϲһǲûʲô飬ߺϼһһء
ԴӱԣС֪Σգܴߵ䳡ȥԹԵĶԲۿŸߺǸһս
ʱʱֻСצӣȻΪģ˯ˡ
֪ߺʵûʩչΪߺʼնûʹúСҲÿˣֱ˯ˡ
˯ſԼصķǳãС˯ӡ
˯Ƥ죬ȫԼ㱩¶ˡ
ߺεĽԼĻУȻԱȥ
û뵽ϼһˣˣǿɶ񣡡ߺ߱˵Ȼ֪ԼֽϹϼһˢһ١
ӸոյӦñʹôԼµģһӵˣƫƫԼ֪ܵĹ顣
ߺȥˮǱߣʤӵĿ˸ߺһۣǷҵĻʮ֮ھܽɱ
ߺ˹һ˵ûڼҰɣ
ʲô£һжѣʲôʸżҵ飡ʤޱŵվڸߺǰֵָߺ
ߺ΢΢𣺡ƨ
˵꣬ߺﳤȥʤˣСӣ㾹ңҪŪ㣡
նʤеıһһ磬ߺıȥ
ߺ¶һ˿΢Ц͵һ٣еǱ˲ͳУȻ¶ȥ

Ǳһı죬һ㣬ǱȥһĻʤȥ
ߺڶڵϣһδˣֻ¶ӡ
ˣǱˣ˽ȻǾͿԳȥˣϹڸߺʤߡ
ʤһʲôеʲô֣
챾ү͸ҵ֣ԺҪӽиߺߺ΢΢˵֮תֽȥ
ߺҼסˣ֮ǧҪżҵˣȻĻҪ֮أʤ˵վ㲻˵ˡ
ߺΪ֮żҵ޵żҵ֮󣬾Ͳ֪Ҫ¶ˣõö޵Ϣ
ˣΪߺıʱ̫ˣԲ֪֮УѾ쵽βˡ


307 ռ
䳡֮к̨ܶв͹̨ӵĻֻİٸ̨
ߺֻռеһʱȥˣİٸ̨֮϶վߡ
ǶǴĹصˣʸһصսˡ
ڸߺı̨ܣʬ壬ǶҪռݸߺıֲ̨ߺˡ
ߺǻܣҸǿȥû뵽Ǽ˸翹ƫƫҪߺŸɡ
ߺҲȲѣ׷׽ɱڱ̨档
ˣˣֻʣİˣڿʼһҪռʮ̨õ֮ڱ̨֮ǵ֣Ҫ˵ıֻ̨֮轫ռǸ̨ɱܣȻֻдԼּɣһﶼˣϢһͿʼΣ
Ϲ˵ĻȻû˸ҷˣҲˡ
ߺЩ߷߲ƽϼһ˵ôʲô𣿼ʹΣĨɱУ
Ȼôģߺɲô˵ֻԭ
սߺûģûлָ֮˵ܹϢһ¶ڸߺǲġ
ϾԼʱʱ̵̿ıž裬ȻܵУΪ˱и͵ϮԼҲòˡ
Ҫ˵ûܹвǸ裬ǸʹýĻ۷ߣȻֽڣ档
ķԾʮֵѵãҲʮֵ׽ڸߺ֮еøߺе졣
ǿ־壬ǱܵøߺоƺûнԼȫʩչѡ
Ըߺãв֮һ
ںˣԺúõϢһˣԸߺ͸ɴֱʼΪ
ڸߺΪѾﵽ龳ԶʳҪҲԽԽˣһ°µĲԷû顣
ҪԷģϾߺǴߣһߣ߶ʳ˵ܴ
ڸߺߣԶʳҪô󣬵ȻҪԶ
ԶС󲻳ԶСһѾ˺üˣܲסˣڸߺĻл
ҿߺĵ·;׼˺ܶʳȻǷɵģǱϾʳ
СԵķǳģߺСôʹһٿУҲľöӶҲóһĿʳš
ʱ򣬸ߺԱһϤںߺ
ߺֵܣֵܣ磬硭Ǹߺû
ʶĻعͷȥ˭ڽԼ
ֻĺߺı̨ڸߺĲԶǰţߺǰһֱڱĿԲûио
ңʵǳĸߣΪֹǸǿߣԸе˾һȭ
ԸǿߵʱһҲûʹóûóôء
ԣûдľٶߺȻ͸ܲԷϢˡ
ʲô飿ߺ˵
˵ԭЩΣû˵ĶѾˡ
࡭
ߺˣΪҲأڿ

ȥóԣߣȻǿǶʳҪ̫ˣóԡ
ߺͷ󺹵ĿʳоԼ񲻶ˡ
磬Ҳ԰Լԣֲ˼ģһ߿ֱǸɶԸߺ˵
ߺ˲ˣҡ˿Ȼоеŵûţа㲻˼ѾһٽˣͲóŵû𣿡
ߺʻ軹ϸĸôһ£ţҸоѾ뱥ˡ
ߺû˵
ߺڶԷͬؼһʳУһСʱǼһڳԱˣָϵͣδĶԸߺ
飬С㵽ҵĵ̣һ籥һ١У㻹ûʳҲ֪Ʊ仹ж죬б޻
ߺԱߵĵҪ㡭
ûܹסԷĥӲݣεĸߺָٽɡ
Ҳһ˸ߺߺԴԼΪ֮һžһ·;вɹڵĽָҲǷǳĶࡣ
ԣԼжʮָǸߺרʳģÿһоͻᲹ
ߺΪľԷͻȻ¼ķȻͻȻ¼ûҲû뵽ôһ⡣
ߺԷʳʱҲ˵Լˣ⼸ʵ̫ˣͳԹˣҵ춼֮Ҳûнв䣬˵ҵط˯ȥˡ
˲ţߺûп
ߺˣںһϵ֮жȹ
͸ߺ֮󣬻ҲԴԴøߺЩϤĸо֣ߺ֮Ҳӵġ
֮ͬǣ֣Ƕ˭ô໰Ǹ롣
벻ͬһֻԼϤ˲ŻԨԨ˵ͺˮƵģҲ²ס
磬ǻڹҲǵʱһ̴ֽĸУվŸߺ˹֡
ߺվ΢Ц˵ô֪һΪӵģҵʵûǿɣ
ЦЦ磬̫ССˣֱͺ׼֮һҸеļ£Ӯ㣬²ô򵥣
ߺ֪˵֮еĺǿı⡣
ڸߺıĵɣ֮ǿǿ٣ĵɱʩչŭ֮ߺԼ֪Աסǿĵˡ
˵ߺûӼ֮ǰսУֻսʱ򣬿ܻԸһС
ڣαԿʼֻһʱ䣬ŶϹҲˣվߵĵط˵
䣬ߺͬһһ˳ȥĬûйԷ֪ʹսʤԷƾԷʵҲ׵ġ
ȥɣɱʵ˸ߺٽʳһˣȭͷûϵأ˾Ѿ̨ˡ
ǵ̨µĶ䣬ռ˶Էı̨ŤŤдһ֡
ߺȻûôǿ󣬵ɲ֮лûܹӲġ
սߺҲԽԽˡ
ģߺ趼ռʮ̨裬ռݵ죬ȸߺܶࡣ
ǸߺɲǺһֽˣĺϽѾ¯ˣٶɲǺ
ֽڳ˲ɣǰĸߺҲ̫ˡ
øߺЩ̾ϽΪϽ֮ǰĽȻôǿ
Ȼ󣬷ԾеҲǸ̨ͣͬʱͣĻкܶǿߡ
ʤҲǸ̨˫ɱ˫һֱû뿪ߺ塣


308 ı
սܹߣֻʣ˲ǧε̭ʸӵĿ£Ȼֻǧ˻ʸ
һ£˲һĳ̶ȣǣʹֻмǧˣҪṫ֮λЩǷǳĶࡣ
̭ˣˣǱɱˣߺʱãӼѡĺ̡ܲ
һͲߵ˿ĵطɹˣ˾мӵĹӣʧˣʧߡ
ûҵʲôˣԼ飬ÿռһ̨֮˭Ǹ̨֮ϣʤߣϹ⿴һǧˣĵ˵ͷ˵
ǣֻܹһһҲ˵ֻҪһվ̨ϣֻȥһȥսȻΪ˷ֹˣթսʱ䲻ܳһСʱһСʱ֮ƽ֣ǫ̈̄ɱȥ
˵Ϲ΢ЦſˣһעǵģֻҪǷ棬ǲŹǵģ
˵΢΢𣬸ߺһ䣬֪Ϲ˵˼˼Ƿ
˵֮Ϲڶĺǿӵмı̨Ϸȥ
Щǿ߽Ϲڱ̨֮ϣȻ׷׵ĸ̨ȴ
Ϲ⽥תӣ˵һ䣺ʼ
ֻһ仰бȫˣÿ̨ϷȥǸߺûжҪ˵ı̨
ȻĻԼֺαôżأ
е˶˾λվԼı̨֮ϣĿûб̨Щˣڿ־壬ں£Щûб̨˻ǵı̨
ߺ΢΢𣺡ȻµĻͲҪȽֿ־ɣ
˵ţߺ廯һӰı̨ȥ
ֻһգ۾ͳǸ̨ϣȻ󾲾վǣȴŶԷ֡
һһصߣӰ֣֮ϵƱȽϺʵߺ²ӦԪع
ֵܣ̨ȿˣ㻹ǸϿ߰ɣǸ΢ֵӵ˵
ߺǸǿսǶˣܹжʮӵĶսһǸǿˡ
˵ʵһǸҲߺôǿˣߺı̨
ΪԼһֲߺġ
ߺ΢΢Ц𣺡Ȼ֪ԼûлᣬԼȥʡԼѿΣ
ǲģΪ˵ҵ˺ܶˣǰܸй裬겻ͬˣڵΪǺһؾ磬Ҳ뽫һܡ
ߺȻûȴ˼ЩˣȻóսľŸߺˡ
ߺ裬ߺֻǻ۷ߵʱ򣬾ͼɱ裬һǸƵġ
ڵĸߺ͸˵ˣԷȻô棬ߺһЩȤ
ܣĺ°ɣʮйˣԶȥôߺװһֻŵӿŶԷ
ԷҲɵߺ»Ϊ棺ǰ˴ӵͷãֻ˵˳ԷȻ͵ˣ
̡
˫ֻأ͵غ
ߺֻԼ²ͣĶĲһոǱУŸߺֱۻӶ͵ȥ
Ǹ̸ոճ棬˸ߺԹԵı롣
ʲô㣬ɣˡǸ߾Ȼ˫ɢưɢм̣һ޴ľˡ
Ǹ˸ɣȭͷ͹һ󣬴ڵϷ¡¡ĺ
ߺ΢΢Ź˼ұȱ
Լ˫ֳצǸ˳ȥܺǸ߿ƣݺݵߺ
ߺֽĿסǾ޴ȭͷһɳߵм䱬Ȼ߾ôһֱ֡
ߺȻȻߺϾһͨ
͵ʹǸ˵ȭͷˣߺѸٵǸߣ湻ˣͣҲμӹѡһ㣡
ߺ˵ţĵõǰݺݵȥ
ﬡ
һǸֱ۱ΧһʯͬһֻʯͷֱƵġ
ΪֻͶƭģǸҿøٶȽ֮ٵոֻѣ
ǸЦҵԪصߣʲôѾȫˣ
ߺż㣬Ѹٵĺˣüͷ΢΢𣺡ţǲе˼˵ˣ湻ˣ
˵ţߺܺȻӿһ磬һ˲ʱ䣬ȻģߺϱƤ
Σߺż㣬ı̨ѸٳһӡߺıգۼǸߵǰеĵݺݵȥ
ٵĻռ䣬ХǸȥ
ٴξʯۣ˵ˣѾ͸
û˵ֱ꣬۱ڣߺһȻͬʯֱһ
ôܣѾˡǸ㶵˵ţȻֱϵʹˣҵĸ첲úݵġ
ߺĽˣһȻ󵭵˵һˣ㲻ĻɱңȻҲᱣ֤һλ᲻ỹܱ
˵꣬ߺһŽ̨߳Ȼ󵭶վڱ̨ģӭһλսߡ
εĶ̫ˣϵСȥˣȵߺ֮ڸߺļַһź˯
ߺֻҲû취ˣֻվڳģſе
Դӽ뵽֮󣬸ߺһֱûţһֱָо񫣬ԡ
Ҫոڲ춼һܹϵµ
ãлָ̣һ߹ˣǻ۷ľ硣
Ÿߺĺ󱳾һȻ󲻵ȸߺش廯һӰߺȥ
ߺԽԽˣԼֻһȭͷľˣҲ¶һ˿óѵЦݡ
Ѿ˸ߺüˣָߺһֱ˯һҪߺն̨£ȻԼһս
ûYY೤ʱ䣬һȭͷͳ֮ǰһȭͷˡ
֮ǸߺȻڱ۾Ҳȷų̂ϡ
Լȴ⣬вռ䡣
ôʱ䣬ССǣڿռ֮ߺǲôס
ͬڸߺǰһɬѶһ㣬Ͳʶ֣ôأ
ϵСһֱڰûеˣ˵ʱСͻό겻Ȼ󲻶ϵ˺ҧŸߺ·ߺȻͻ붨֮лع
Ѿǵˡ
ˣߺε̧ͷţһͿʼе峡ˣ


309 Ϲķŭ
磬ӵģҪ֮ҪҪֵҰڸߺԱߵ̨ϣߺ
ߺȻ˵˭ЦЦһСѣûС㲻ϣ
СȻվ˿ߺȻߺûʲô˵ſˣոΪߺ˵ء
ޣȻܹԼ˵̸ݣʵ򵥰ߺȵĿС󣬲漴ݸ
ϾĽ֮ϵޣûԵЩ̫
еı̨ռ֮ҲڳֻʣʮˣӦʮˣĸߣÿֻռһ̨ȡ
Ϲ˵Ǹȥˡ
ٸһλһֳʤġЩ֮һæ͵
Ϲ⵭ĵһʱѵȥ
˻ǽͣϹ˫ɱɱûȥģ
ǿ̨Ͻ͵ɱȥˡ
ԺĻֻ˵һ飬ûģͲҪˣϹ˵֮󣬾ƵģȻֱĺͰ
ôʮ֮սˣΪѡ֮ÿһ˶ҪһսսĿˣ
Ϲ˵ţһ֣ʮ˸ǿ߷׷״ɵߺ˵ߣһһľͷ˾ͳ˵ǰ
ǣˡߺһסˣŴھʮ֮ǰÿһܡ
ȻĿܻᱻʵͺܶ࣬ǣÿһ˿Ƶܣԣ֮Уһͽ൱ڰ
ǣϾʵ̫ǿˣʱӰڼʣΪӰڵ⻯ܹʮսܡ
һķֻҪƽʱûµʱܣսʱҲҪķ
ټϣܵҪʯŵʯ޶ȣѾĿŵӰڵĵˡ
Ϊʱ֮һӰܣϺܶɣ֮ˡ
û뵽ڲģܹܣøߺôܹȡ
ЩǺصΪΪǲɣôھսʱɲܷɣǵͷнֹֻҪɵĻͻƣʱͻᣬŶҪҲŶ˿ʼɣ
Ϲ˵֮һϷı顣
ߺʱҲΪʲôǻпˣǿϹǵı֮к޵
Ǹߺֶô죿ֻ÷ŵǰЩˡ
ߺۼȫļڸߺϣŸߺһЩȥ
Լֱֵߺһȥ׵ıɳȥѿ
ǸҲܣֱϵĲʶѿˡ
ǲ֪ʹģߺ֮Ȼ
Ҳٵƶߺߣߺȥߺ弱תеĵҲת
һȦȦĿڿܵͬһλãֱҲԽԽˣߺԾȥ
֪ܵٶ˾ˣߺովȽŲǿܾѾߺˡ
ɽ
ߺȻ۾ʼ侰һụ̆ʱ鶼ߺϸ΢Ļ
ŭͺڸߺԺзٶһ㣬ǹ켣
ն
ߺȻ۾ʱǿֱܵۻûߺ˫Ѫɫģͷ
еĳ޻εȥ뾰첻ͬǣߺûʹúҲûѡ
ǣ״̬µĸߺȻ˼ֿ񱩣Ϸ˾ͬһ㡣
ǵϲϵĲŵΧһȦĿռҲ΢΢Ĳ
ߺĵ޻εǿֱܵۿһȻ󽩳һӣ»ȥֱܵҲߺ䡣
ͬǣοֱܵ۸Ͳһ˿磬һ㡣
ҿС̫ˣ죬ȥȿܰҴӰģλүǿвУ
Ϲһ¼ˣָˣ
ǣǣǣ
ǿ߶˲ԭʧתߺķȥ
ǣߺԽԽӽеּ֪˼֣Ѿȫˡ
ٶԽԽ죬˲Ϳ̨ˣȻߺ˲վ𣬶ųļǿ߻Ӷеĵ
ƣŭ
һɨǿ߻࿴һۣȻĬĵ˵ͷ˫ؿǰͳ
˵꣬ߺߺż㣬ȻԾȥ
еĵʼٵ趯һȦȦתγһ磬Ǽ˵Ӿȥ
˵ȻǱǣ˨ϲŹõģҲֻͬǷǳʵӣһĺ߶Ѳ϶ѡ
ЩߺȥȴԽԽߺ׼ᣬһѽͷС
еȫקסЩӣǿҲһסˣʼק
ǵȻǿκθߺҲ˾ôˣߺOǿߡ
˵λϹǰѾɹĹˣֻһʧ֮½˶ѣҪңҪⲻĻովͱǳЩǿǰһλҸߺҲܷ㣡
ߺһקǿߣԱԸ߸ϵϹ˵
ߺץֽҲˣָӶٶԽԽ죬쵽ˡ
ĺϽͬߺһǿ󣬶һڵĸߺٶȿ첻֪ٱ
ϾߺֻսûлӰɣбʲôǿٶȵģҪ˵Ƿؼˡ
ԣһͽսֽܸˣʱһֱעŸߺϹŷӦ
㡭
䡭ǱߣԴ˼ӴһģСĸˣûɣֻǲСŶ

Ǳߵ棬еĽĻʣȻ󹧹ĶϹһݣϹǰþòǶԲǲСĻٵġ
С棬ǰɣʱҪʦˡϹǺˡ
еƺ֣ܵĿռ䶼ʼҵ𶯣ϵ¶ɣɽһߴ󣬸ߺ˾һСʯһվĽ¡
ǳߵʵ𣿡ߺ૵ĵ
ϹϵԽԽӴ󣬶Һֹһ㣬Ѹٵ
ߺߣ磬ģڣһûµģ
һ̩Ȼı飬ߺţһͷһ򵥣
ҲģɱңɱҲõǱ춼֮󡭡ԭԽŭϹ⣬ߺ˿ĵ˵
ģ
ģֻڰ׷ѣ㿴
ãǳҾͲˣûӮ˾ô˰ɣ


310 ʢս
е֮סˣ׷׵ĿߺˣȻֿڱ̨֮ϵϹ⣬֪˵ʲôˡ
һȺεˣһ̾Ϣȥ
ǿûиߺʵ͵ܹǿ߶㲻ɫ
ʣµģһֻˣӦʣµĻ࣬Ǹߺôһ֣Ϲֹ˱ԺܶԴܿܵ˶ûʱˡ
Ϣ죬ͿԲμӹӼıˡϹ˵֮תʧڿУͬʧĻЩܣͿܵĲƬ
ߺߣһȭͷ԰磬û£
ǵȻûյ̣ʱֽڻŸߺЦЦ˵
Ǻͬϵˣǻ𣿡辪ȵʵ
ֵܣֽڸߺҲ΢Цĵ˵ͷֵܣ
ָ㲻ǣǻֵܣ鰡
ɱģû뵽ȴʵȤȥϹټҵˣβҳˣкϷ˰ʱʤȴ˹ŸߺһЦ
߸˵ģʤ֮һ
ʣµ˷ֱǣߺֽڣ裬棬ߺͲ֪ˣֻֽǻ۷Ϊ
˵Ҳ֣һֵܰɣָź
ߺҲһĿ⿴ֽڣϾּֽҵˣĽҲǳĸ߳
ңҲʶϹ⣬ֽڵҲǳߣʶء
ԣôһ˵ߺҲòǲ޿ܡ
ֽ޹ĿŸߺˣô֪ģǵģңҲ֪Ҵûعţ
ʱҲ˼˵̸˹ҲŵˣֻǴֶѣ
ߺȻҲȷּˣ־һ֣Ҳּҵ
һ𣬶ʤĻûзϣϢǸոյսҲһЩҪָһ¡
һҹ޻ţҲô˵ٻе㶯ģСһ϶৵ĳԶ
ڶ쵽ʱϹľ͵ˣͬʱһĻа˴ӡ
Ӧ˵ֻˣΪй׽ľֹսߺֽɱˡ
ڳֻˣһ빫Ӵ⬣ڶңӾ죬ȱϯ
Ĺӣ鹫ӣ幫ӣɽӣӣӣ߹ӣսӣڰ˹ȱϯ
˴֮ȱϯģʷ˾ȣѲѾ˹ӵˣ
ȻʼˣܾΪ˲ˣȻǲܵġ
ȱϯҲϹΪѡ
ڣѡмǼվ̧ȥϹ⵭Ķ⼸˵
ʣµ⼸˶׷׵վǰ˸̨ϣڸߺǼ̨Ǹʲôõˡ
Щ̨Ӧǰ˴ڵ򣬶ĸӦþĴڵı̨ĸߺǲʲô˿Ĵ֮µģ
ǿʼս˰ɣֻҪսʤһˣǾǹˣ֮ʣµٴս֮ܵѡ񣬿ʼɣ
Ϲ˵֮󣬾ٴͣϷˣߺʮֵĲ죬һλǸطΪϹء
ҪĻͿˣϹƾʲôվڹѡı̨أһߺʮֵĲ֡
ʵԼûҪ֪ˡ
ȷȥеĽ˵ɣ˵ߣҲǣսٺòˣ
ߺҲɵɽǰãǸߺ
ֽǷɵսǰ棺ǰֽ̣
Ƿɵ鹫ǰָ̣
ʣһڶ빫ңˡ
ʵߺԼԼѡ빫ңӣԼһ᲻սʤģһûʲô˼ˣԾѡɽӡ
ʤǱһȴɫʣµλɶѿеĹͷ
빫ӣ˵ºлڣټһʵĪңӣ˾Ǿ䡣
ʤı˫ۣ˵ڵȴȴߺ˽ִܣǱִܡ
ҪȴӵͼĹӼսΪңȻߣǵʵȴĲС顣
һĹѡҲ˿ԼһʵʤǰǣǾô֪꣬빫ңӵΪǷͣͲǰ
ʱߺѾսһˡ
ʣ˸оԴ뾰춼ûʲôϣҲںš
ǸߺսĶɽӡ
ɽڵΪҲǺ龳ˣִһ˫ף֮Ỵ̈ÿһƻֶдĿǿѹޡ
ߺҲͬеĳϵķɣһڿɼӡǡ
ɽ
ɽȻԾУȻƺݺݵߺߺֻһǿѹԼϡ
ƣŭ
ߺһ˫Ѫ죬ͷԱߵϹһʹ
ߺֻٵĿӰںöʯ뻹ʹء
ߺһƵģôʹ
ϡ
һǿĳϯķʯӶɳ𣬸ߺ˫һ㡭
ɽǿȻߺżأ˲һɼĽӡߺҲ˰С
ƣŭ
˵ţ¾ɽȥ
ɽ˫ƵֵԼǰϣԴ˵ֵסߺ
䡭
һǿĳɽӵ弱䣬ʯ̨֮ϣҳɣ
ߺŭ֮Ϸһξ룬Ȼ弱ٵ½
ߺĵҲֱָϵɽӡ
ɽѾǱ̨֮ˣۣѿƵġ
ܵĵ磬˫ĵأ˲Ȼż㣬˲Ծȥ
𡭡
ɽӺȻһƴŸߺµĵطһ֮ƿʼɢȥ֮ǳǿռ䶼ʼˡ
ߺҲһתȫһȭӲͣһ£Ȼߺʼı䷽ʽ
һתȥĳĳȥɽӸĳɽӡ
ŭһУϾŭ𹥻ߺһаˡ
ҲòϣȷһΪǿߣҪˣһû˿Զѣ
ɽһȻŸߺȥ
ϡ
ߺأƬǹܷɽӣϾȻʼѪһ
Ȼûн֮ˣǿȴƸˡ
ҳˣֹڴ˵ĻҲͻõΪˣɽ˵֮ڵϿʼָս


311 
ߺ֮ǱߵѾˣ촫˵֮ɭֵĲꡣ
һ֤ͬߺܲţû뵽ǣԷʵȻôǿ
Ȼ˵ɽ֮ĹӼܹôսʤ֤ʵѾߵһĵزˡ
ߴ뾰˵СΪ˲٣Ǿû״ɵĴ˽ӡ
ߺãʵ˵Լĵ˰ɡ
ֽǱߣֽѾʹóĺϽӰɡ
սΪ͵Ĺ֮һˣټϸûʲô룬ֻһζĿսԣܲҵģսˡ
սĿ鹫ȴǳǿ빦Ĵ򷨼࣬ǴӰнгеġ
ԣ沢ûռϷ磬ټϿ鹫ҲɹĽΪߣܹڿɷˣռ˵ӵ
ԾȻеĳٴγٵ鹫ӵɨȥ
鹫ʹһǴһ߳ıмͷϴ
ǸԼĸȭͷôĴ̶ǴŵģߺţⶫֻҪһǲܵġ
鹫еǴӶӲסĽʹ֮ûа취
濴ãһǸ׷û뵽鹫ӽһOĽԼȥ
ûа취֮£ֻɿ˽Ҳȥ
鹫ЦԭΪЩͣȴû뵽ôһʱǲ̫Զˣ
û鹫˵Ļٴһ˲ֵ˰Уڰ´ֱĽץС
ûϷԽ𣬿鹫ΪأҪ
־úﲻԾԭ˱̨ϣͨ죬ʣ񿴲ʱһС
ʲôֽڶ
֮λƵվеĽ·ĻӶţÿһλӵſ鹫ӵʱ򣬶һӽ
ſеĿ鹫ӣ鹫һʼеǴ֮飬Ǿö֮ģԸķôӴĳɶˡ
ǣһǴ֮УÿζҪ㡣
СıеĻȻڿ֮ԣȻʱǷһ㣬
ȵ鹫ӹʱǺк·ĲһڵŤеĽٴµĻӶ
һ㣬ǱߵϹ뵽ʲôޣֽӦˡˣ˾ƽ֮ˣ
һǡñߺߺһǡ
ǵã֮һˣؼɬѶԼʹúܳʱ䣬ʹڻʹõܡ
ʹˣ˵һؼ˽׶ؼ
оһ
ǰʩչһ佣˰
ǽϵڿж£ȴ׷׶еĿ鹫Ӵȥ
ߺص룬Լ鹫һоѪ˰ɣôˣŪǸ÷Ĺˡ
Ȼп鹫˫۱ó죬ҲǽǲϴеǴݺݵ˦ȥ
룬ʹԼͣһҲҪҵǴɣʱôӡ
ǴХȥǺ⣬˿ûжܵ˼µĻеı
͵ǴҪŵʱĽºȻһСģһӣѸٵĵڵϣǸɴడ
ߺֻԼƨɶһ£ȴ뵹ڵϵýǴ˹ȥ
ǺȸһڵϲϵĻУһ߻һ߻еıǷоֱĿ鹫ӹȥ
ڵĿ鹫ӾԼˣսô꣬û뵽ûһء
оԼʮΪǰˡ
ڵϻеٶȷǳĿ죬Ǽ·ŮѸģҲԲԼģһ͵ġ
һ˿鹫ӵĽ£Ȼ˫һʹзɶȥ
ɵһʱ򣬿鹫ҲԶˣһͷǴͻˣȻٴһݺݵȥ
ǣûжܣеĽֱֱϣſ鹫ӡ
ڰУʹҲܶǴ浽ôġ
ֵһĻøߺȷԼĲ²⡣
ֻǸܾȻƣ͸ģصתơ
ֽڲĿ˸ߺһۣ磬ͽܰɣţģʲôʱôĴ򷨣
ߺεƳֽһۣôңĴһĵ˴ġ
ʱ򣬸ߺĶߴһ·ڸߺĶһըףϷ𣿡
ߺֻԼĶҪˣæסԼĶ䣬ֽҲǺȻסԼĶ䡣
ߺĿܣȷǸͷܣϯϣǺüʮˣѰңҲ˵ʲôˡ
ͬʱԳߵǿһ⣬°̼Ϲ⣬Ǽֱǻͷʨڶʳ
ߺֽѸٵסԼĶ䣬ԱߵһȻ󼱼ܵߺߣſ˫ڣ
˵ʲôߺô֪ĶѾʱʧˣֻʹԼԷֱôû°ɡ
̫ˣߺҲ²ˡ
꣬û뵽ôԶôСҲ̫̬˰ɣߺв޵뵽
ֽҲʶԼ˵ˣиֶԼСʩͽ䣬ҲԹԵı죬˵лˡ
ƷǳǿȻûиߺıǽߣƣȵĸߺҪأ֪
Գɹĵס˿鹫ӵĹȻ󽣼ⶥĺϣ
ͣߺˣ˵ô˰ɣ
Ȼ󣬿鹫ӹЦصʽҿˣǾԲô׾ͷŹ֮λģ
ȻһԸߺ˵ģ˼Ӹߺġ
Щߺû׶ֻʲôҲӵĿ棬룺Сӣʦҳ˿ͷһңȻҶԳԿͷ
ֽҲûп鹫ӣֵĿŸߺΪߺɪ
֡Ƿ顣
ֽں޲óߺһ٣ⲻǷ𣬶ѵˣǵɪʲôѲɻôһ£
ӱ̨֮һֱôֵĿŸߺ׸ߺôСڸߺԱߡ
ߺ룺Сɣһܵģ


312 ӼĴս
ϴνߺڵɪĿ档
Ȼ澪첢ֵĿһۣȻĬĬĵ˵ͷ
һ°ѸߺŵùǺ˵˵˰ôţôı֪ôء
ߺһ֮СľԶһξ룬룺˻԰ɣǲ߲еȨɣѲؼ
Ȼߺ͵͵һ棬ֻ滹һĲԸ·˲£Ȼεҡҡͷ
ߺ˲ˣСĬˣԹ԰ж
ߺ֪ʦڴǧҪߺΪУҲҪߺսֻ˷ʱѡ
ߺȻԼǲûУ˾޴Զڿ̨ϵڸоһ
ԡȷߺʵԶˣڸ߳ܶ࣬ǽĺǸ׶ҲǲԵġ
ڽԼ֪һиԼͽ棬ȴû뵽ߺôĲ룬֪һֵıݶóɡ
ǽ׽׶ˡ
빫һǵһڶңӣ棬ǲûйӵķţΪ滹бء
ߺ裬ֽڡ
͵ڰ߸ᣬֻʤ߲ʸڰ
ȻȽϷˣǲϵս˵սڼӣͿսɹ֮ͻµڼĹӡ
ߵսһͬеģߺ΢ЦĿ档
汻ֱë㵽Ҫʲôʲô˵Ǻ
ߺ¶һ˿΢ЦɣҪ͸һɣ
ֽڽͷҡĺͲ˹ƵģУҪȥˣ֪Ķ֣
ߺһסˣӻж
ܹսʤԸߺҲһѡҲûʲôռı̨
浹ùʱˣΪʵ˵ˣҲܹӦģΪǿһ塣
Ե߹û˵͹ԹԵߵԭı̨һȣʲôֻ·ѣ
ֵ˵ҪҸߺţû뵽ߺȴûͣסԼĽŲȥ
֣δ㾫ɡߺ׻׼Ҫսˣһ˵˵ҲôΡ
һƤɣˣʶ𣿡
ߺסˣǰ㣬ô죿
Ϊɵʹ֮ǰôռϷ磬ֻҪĽ
ꡭһܣҵĵƺòãҪô׵ľ˵ڣߺæס˵ȥ
ߣ߻ʲôͷӮӣȴǴүͦߺ߶߶빫ӡ
һϹ⿴ˣʮֵľȣʵ֪ģʩչһŭԾһֹĿ࿴ĸо϶ξһܹĺ
ȴԶ䣬ҿʮֵĲңߺƺʲôƣ֮ĵơ
¾ϹⶼԸߺŨȤߺأʲôȻңӾԼأ
Ļߺû˵Ҳֻˡ
Ϲ⾪죬ĹۿͶƽĺ
ⲻƽ飬ûսңӾ˳ˣĻ
ƽһвңˣһһ
һ
ߺ֮ЩΣ˵ҲνҲ֪ǰôŨ춼֮Ϊʲôزˡ
УŭûгڶУԼսǾֻһŭ
˵ŭ˵һնأΪƣ⾳ϱбȾŭ֪˶ٱ
ŭȻǲʣԸߺɴΪն
ߺͣӣ߹ˣ춼ˣˣǱҺòãҲٱŰһˡ
˻һԾе˶Ŀž죬תͷȥߺʵڲ׸ߺʵ׸ߵʲô̶ȣľôĲԸ֮Ϊء
һܵĹڶԸߺʵһβȤҲЩսٴθе졣
ɽɫѲɣոСսûʹȫңӵΪʵûôǿ󡣡
ʤҲǲĿŸߺɱСӲûô򵥣ԼǲˣԼɱǺףֻܿˣ
ߺûʲô飬תٴȥ
⬣ô겻֪ʵΣߺ˹֣΢ЦĶԴ⬽
ҲŸߺЦЦߺֵܣԴӼ濪ʼҾͺսҲ֪ʵεΣʹ˻˽һΣ
ߺ֣롭
˵ţһһ½׵Уֿŵ㣬¾ֻôһѱˣ
΢΢һЦһһУǸߺһο⬵ıУȴû뵽һ
ߺֵҲСˣҾһֵıǸһˣҶûдƷˣ
ߺ΢΢һЦôʼɣն
ż͵һ壬ߺ˲ڴ⬵Աߣеĵƿտݺݵ⬿ȥ
һľһ㶣ôҵŭôأ˵⾳Ҳ˵㣬⾳֮⾳ټϼֱҵŭ
ңӣܾûˣʱУ֪ܷӮңʱ򣬿ߺѾʼսߵǰ˵
쿴һۣ䵭˵ǰɣȷǿдһأ
סˣָŸߺǸղš
ʲôߺս̾һ˶˵ңʵˣ͸ߺһȵĻֱС׼ף
˻ʵǸ㲻ˣߺ˶ٵʵ
쿴һۣСһʵӦûԵǿһУӦðˣҲǣ
˵⣬һСۿͨ죺ǴǿһиոɹҺܲҵվԱߣҲܲҵĹҵǱ˷ܵеİӣ
˵⣬ͷȻ£Ȼ̧ʱ۵Ѿˣȡ֮ȴս⡣
е͵ش򿪣һȾƶ
˵գݺݵȥһŵУҵȥڿоĵطͬߺնƵģеһжΪ롣
˫ҲһеȭͷۼݺݵǾŵдȥҽԶôġ
䡭
ĴǿĳվŵսӶһͷ̧ͷֵĿŹ̨ϡ
ϵĽйĳǸطɢߺ빫ӣΪҡ
ֽҲվһţȻûǿĳȴĽ
ʩչֽҲϽӰɣÿһ˿ܡ
˶Ҳ൱
ǣÿһĿ磬漸ΪеƳͷ
У֪սΪѾƬˣıˡȻսӣȻûôңȻҲֲ֧סˡ


313 ֮ս
սӣӻ֪߻ͷ˳˱Լ֪ûжȡӼϣˡ
һսΪɥ˱ϾΪӼû뵽ιѡûʱ
ĺϽšֽĹΪأһ٣һȴǼһһȴۻҡ
Ҳ뽣ںϵĹֽɫǺ죺ҪЦˣֽͲн
˵ֽýָָӽٴδӾ治ĻζȻͶֽڵıɱһ
ѵǴһζĿ٣ֻܳΪĽҾԲͬ˵ʱ죬ʱĽĪˣԼ⣬һ߶ֽڵĽУһߵ˵
ֽ˼ѵҴˣһζ죬ѵµĿ첢ǽļ£
ֽڲϵķԼеĽָҲеĺϽȻͣסĻֽ֮ڵĽָȻ٣еĺϽҲż١
һҪл㣬һЩʾֽڲǱˣνٺȻʱʱͬһ㣬֮ͬ
ǿ⾳Ѿˣֽڵ˫֮ȴʮֵҵĽĽͬЦ˼䣬ҵĽǣ͸Ƿǣ
˵ţֽڽָһӣĺϽȻȻ٣ȥҡڲȵҪ̵Լʱ򣬺Ȼ
ǣֽڵĽȴȻǰٷУԶûУָֽӶĺϽɨȥ
һеĽһһҵĳγɣ֮ǰͬ
֮ǰֽȻսʮּңʮֵ֣߸ûн棬Ҳ˵һν档
һ֮ɢȥԱ߾ս֮طȥ

˱ڼҵսǺȻоķԼеһȣǷȻãȥ
ķͼ򵥶ˣ˫´ȫЩȫϣۼʼ·ϳ֣Ȼá
˵Щûиκε˺
ᡭ
ս˰죬ڿ׼˻ᣬ˫۱ĳ죬ͷſ񱩵ƣ·𱩷ǰһ̡
Աѹ£ƵϢѹţŭ
Լ֣ݺݵȥ
迴Ʋãûжܣ˫֮еͫ׺Ȼ״һ˫۾
мԲԲΣԲŵɫƣͺǸԲڷһ㡣
üģһƬ۳棬ϵָ׺ȻѸֻ־ͺצһ㡣
Ҳɢź˫ϻȥһɿﳼƴ֮б
ŭֻһЦѣҾŭ˻ţеľԾȥ
ٶȷǳĿ죬ͬһɫһ㣬ı̨һȥȻһ顣
Լ˫צͷŭǸ˺Ѷȥ
΢΢һʲô״̬ȫǲˣӣĳЩλôôأ
첢û̫ȣΪеƣУʱ򣬴ܽСõģαõˣ
˵ţеģʩչŭȥ
ﬡ
һըףеһж̳ûˣеɶȥ
̨ϣһҲ˶䷢顣
ѸͣסԼӣȻ¸ȥеȴ򿪣Ȼ󰵰ʹһ
̨ϵ̳ȫɿһɶ̨ϵĳҲǵС
ֻǶڱ̨̨ϣͬһһ㣬ȴƽġ
úúãңӵʵȻ鴫˫͵Ȼ˫צʹܵʯ̨һȦȫ˷ĩ
ҲôˣƯڰУԴž죬εѹһɢȥ
еĺϣ˵֮ǿҲΪµһôǿҵĴϾȻһ˿˺۶ûУ
Ļһڳ˶ˣʲôˣ岻ʵ磬Ҳ˵ǲܻεѵ壿
ԣսαôķ˵֮УĽĺᣬȫǿγֵģ
ô˵һĺˣ̫ˣ㿴ܵƣһǽѹһĵزɢģ
ԱսֽҲʮֵľȣеսҲ㶵Ŀ裬û뵽ܸߺдˣȻһ塣
Ҫ֪ʮֵĸ߰壬ԲԽݹܱ˽дȥ
⬶ȵĿ裬Щɣеš
ǸߺΪˣ֮ϣͲ²ݾԲһ㣬п壬Ѫ͡
ȻֻһѪҲѪôģһˣѪǳߵˡ
ʵ龳磬Ҳ˵壬ʵ˵һܻһһ˵ģʵ䡣
ԣֻôһˡ
ټϣǰʱʳȻ˯ټϽӣߺȷһ塣
Ϊ岻ʳǳĴ󣬸ʮֵ˯
˯һ֮һʱ䶼˯ʱ١
ֱ߽֮岻˯ԼʵˣŻ

ңӲΪʵˣ壡ڵ״̬ܴﵽǿ״̬ô㻹𣿡¶һ˿΢ЦԿеľ
ûЦܴܾһҲҵ컯ɣжսֵˣ
ǿһûκһԳԾȷ
ʲôûɣҪңΪԼˣϳԼȻԴԼˣʵûм
ȻɫࣺǴ㣬аɣ˼䣡
еȺȻ͵Ĵ򿪣һͼ֮УߺʮֵǾǾڻɽׯ֮еõǱнӣ滭׶ͼ
ո˵˼䣬ѲѾ͵Ǹ׶ͼ
УһƬѪɫƶ䵮轵ȥ
˫һУ׵ƣ⵽ʲô
û˵ǸɿеȣеƶССһĳ̶ȣѹȥ
ô䣬͵رǿӵˡ
Сѣҵġ漴ƬѪ֮С


314 һ
贳Ѫɫ֮УһȻĲҽǽķֱ
˶ëȻ֪赽淢ʲô
һֱֱĴǶѪɫ֮е
䡭
ǿ׳ײڱ̨֮ϣʮ֮ŽѣȻ󾪿ֵĿǶѪɫơ
û֪֮зʲôҲû˵ĬĬ˵ˣ
һ仰ķܹһĸԸ˵һ䣬֮еʲôµĶ˺жôǿ
û˵Աߵţߺ˵ս
ʱ򣬿еľ֮еӶƬѪƽʧʧڿУǷֳһɹеȥ
彥䵽ϣվԡ
Ҳ죬ֻǵʵոա
˵ոֻǻþʵڵĶ˼ά֮£־һĻȻΪѾˣȴǵãҵֻ֮н֮Ѷѣ
˵ͷˣҲûа취飬ôΪʲô͸ߺһսأ
أź͸ߺս𣿡ûлش𣬷ʵ
ţ轥ĴӦ
һЦȰ㻹ǲҪʱȥսֻ˷ʱѣĿ£ֻս˲Ż֪˶˵ңصˣû֪ߺ֮Ҷ̾磬ÿΪܹսʤʱʵͻһ㾳硭
˵ţһ˿ΣΪһʱߣʵڲԸԼˣǸߺȴһ⡣
⬣ΪԼռϷ磬ʵ֮ˣΪߺûʹԼȫһ˵ţһ߹ۿ˵ս

ߺֵܣǶ˵սˣôʣˣеʮֵǿÿӶһ£ἱٵ𶯡
ߺеĳ˳˹ȥǿĺʹ弱ٵĺˣڼӲı̨֮һĽӡ
ֵô뵽Ѳ㿴еʵߺһõڵϣ֧Լ壬˵̫һ߶ǰĴ˵
ҡҡͷΪߺֵǿģڿҴˣǿģΪ׳ȴӵпȺǿͬʵҲ͵ˡ
˵ţеٵĻӶһϸСּϷ˹
ٶȷǳĿ죬֮ϸСȻϸţë޿ײ롣
ߺԼĵ磬ȴõסϸСȻ͸˸ߺǱ½׵ߺ
ߺһ˲ͬǧ̴ִһʹЩߺڣϵƻߺÿһֵľ
ɣߺֵܣȻĻͻΪȫϡ⬼˵֪ԼԣὫԷľȫƻ
ߺĶͣˣ˿еĵʵǲˣ⬻ͦǿģ
˵ţߺڵľУһϸ΢ʼǾȻľ渲һ㱡ı
ոգϸ΢ǲǲı֮УǸոսУͱߺЩס
ߺϵĺԽԽأһ˿˿֮б󺮷˷ȥϮΧÿһ˵塣
С󿴵ߺʼˣҲһȥߺһʹеһ˿־塣
ߺʹһı뺮ֻ˲ͽסˣȻպǲÿһ̶ֳȵĺ
ߺĺѾյķΧա
ǣСڱ̨Զĵطȫ֮С
춼ʮֵŨԲʲô̫ԶŨϡ͡
СڵĵطѾôˣ޼ɵĿʼպǿԼʵ
ȴˣǵһοߺʩչû뵽ߺ˫ޣңϵƲϵӾȻҪǿ
Ǵʵ𣿡ȻȣǲֻţΪڸߺɢԼƽ
֪ʲôԻԶԶĴﲻֻŵĳ̶ȡ
쿴룬΢΢һЦ¿ɣǸߺıɽһǣҪʹеʵ
ߺɢźҲʼĮ⬣ҪСˣаɣ
ո˵꣬ߺ˲ڴ⬵ߣȭͷ⬴ȥ
⬱ٶȾˣǴ⬣ֽڶʮֵĳԾΪߺǰʱٶȻҲǳĿ죬ʹ÷ؼİ¡
ǣڵĸߺûʩչᡣ
ڸߺٶȻûʩչʱ죬ɲǺˣ֮ǰһ˿ѡ
Ҳһ
֮УȻЩΣ۳һ֧֧⬱ķǳʵ޴֡
Ȼ˾ĿУǸŰΧĴ⬿ʼתȦϵҲԽԽԽԽϸСҲԽԽ
ģ⬺һֻĴ⬣ܶ˳ɵ̡
Щ̷ǳļӲʹߺʹȻҲ޷ϡ
ټڴ⬵ռ벻ת壬̨֮Ͻ˴תӰ
ߺзȥ˫һڻ澳ʱ򣬻ĺ޵УǲҪǶǺ龳磬ңûã
ء
ߺȥ̨֮ϿʼѸٵɫı⬸ոսӴͺȻͣһ¡
ߺ֪һá
󣬸ߺȻڴ⬵ԱߣȻ󲻶ϵͷź⬽ı̶סˡ
סı˿Ѿʧˣûа취ƶΪѾסҹ̶̨ˡ
ã˵Ĳеȷһ澳ʱģû뵽ȻŨ񣬲ΪҺ龳Ͳ춫𣿻Ρ
⬽ĶܵĴ̽ջأȻٴγһȻ˱
ڴ⬵ĺ󱳣ļ̱ĺ棺Ҵ⬳ƺŵߺܰɣ
ߺǾȻ¶һ˿΢ЦԴҽ뵽龳ûܹҵʵ㿪۽ɣ
˵꣬ߺǰȻһֱɣ״һɵı̣ߺӰڵ档
̡
Ǹߺһʩչ̣ȫı̣һ̴Ӹߺǰǲһߵ˷ȥٶҲǳѸ١
⬵Ѿסˣôı滹һһɵСͱ̣䳡
зȥ
֮ءߺɫȻĬĬ߶֮գ
мĸߺһŤнָָ죬Щ̷׷׷һ֧֧֮еĴ⬡


315 ʵ
˶ıԼ⬺Ȼˣ˫ں̣ͨ죬Ƿһ㣬ٵĻӶ˫ֵ̡
ռ䲻ϵ𵴣⬵̴ڸߺϣϵĽߺı̴ϣǿײ֮ϵڿз
ÿһΣ⬵̿Ҫʱ򣬴⬶Ὣ֮ӳȥ̾ͻᱬըٻ߰˸̣Ȼ⬻ٴδӱ̣Ƿһ㣬ϵĻԼߵı̡
Ȼ󣬵󱳱ŵʧʱͻٴιĶͻٴγ̡
Щ̾⬼ֱ̫ǿˣսʱȻֵزǿ¡
һ㶼Ĵ⬣ҲеģսֱǲҪԱЩ̾
ϧ⬽Ǳذɰ
һֱſУǰɣԽԽǵƣҿⳡսԶԶûأ˵⬾ƾӮأ
ӵĿһ裬һε̾Ϣ㲻˽ߺǴڿߺʲôһҲˣû뵽ߺȻʵ϶С֮ͻˣټ֮Ϻսʱûóȫ
žôķߺޣҲʮ־ȵĸߺȥһ֮£˲ָоĺÿ
Щ⬴ı̵䵽лĺٴߺԱȥߺôվЩġ
ȻЩٴγһ̣еĴٴηȥôܶʼ
ߺôһֱվЩģɫȻûһ˿飬˵˼֡
֮գ
Ǹߺոģߺ⼸ʵԼʵѾһڵľ磬ıҲ˲١
˵ǰ4.5ɱ⣬ڸߺ4.9ɱ⣬Ѿǳӽɱˡ
֮վǱݵںϡ
ߺʵ֮ıѾԷչɿɢˣֻս컹о˵ʱ򣬴ûù
ǿıΪ֮أǿ˵ıΪ֮գߺһɾ;֮ա
ֻ֮ǸߺոմģǺȵߺ֮ȫ꣬ôƾڴ⬵ʵԲھ֮¼ôʱ䡣
ĺÿ迴ſƻڲϱǵĴ⬣ЩΪԹ塣
⬵Ʋ۱ǵʲô̶ȣ޷ӹߺˡ
ͬʱԸߺʵҲһֿ־壬Ӹߺʩչڣֻǵվǣûʲô
ǣֻվǣһӵĴ⬸ûа취ܡ
ڴ⬵Ѿһּǿĵزˣÿ鶯һ̣ռ͸һ£ԱոԼ֮ˡ
ǣɱߺתôԼ
뵽⣬һ£ģξԲҸߺʲôˣȵԼǸúڵĸߺԼûΡ
١ⳡսѾһСʱˣ⬸ߺԼһ׵֮УԼϵı̲˵һҲмǧˡ
ǣı̣Χסûһ˿ı䡣
ŭˣ˫ֻӶе̶ǰֶӶһ㣬ı̳ȥ
ڶı֮ȫըЩ֮¶һ˴Сķ϶
⬵ҲǺ弱ٵת˳Ǹ϶ʱ˳
ոӳʹԭأԭովı̹ЩıߺƮȥڰлɺ
Щڸߺ߿ʼٴ۳һɸߵı̣˷ɢȥ
ߺվԭأŴ⬴ܳһ˿ⶼûУָӶЩٴθı䷽վĵطȥ
ϵЩ̣ʼѿзȥ
ֻһ˲䣬⬸оͺľ޴۷佫ԼΧһ㣬ٴΧס
ðɣҴ⬽ˣ֪ȥʹԼƱﶼܹߺ޵׶ϡ
ɴ䣬ܹһ˿ϡ
ߺһһ֣Щ뵽֮ڣ֣ˣ
˵ЩƨӲǲ㣬ʲôòõģС֮ǰȻе˶ƭˣǶΪǿأ
ߺ¶һ˿΢Ц㲻Ҳ𣿻Բѵ˵ѾϤʵˣΣ
һЦҰܵúܲңܸɴడһ̬һʵǺ߶ܹϼ˰ɣ
ûԹ飬һ򲻸ҷϣҲȷӸߺŵıУ֪СһܹС
Ǽʲô̶ȣǿܾδ֪ˡ
ߺʱӵһ͵źսˣžǼû˼սߺɡ
Ͼֱ̬ʵżʹһ𣬶ûսߺġ
ıˣʤڰǿ鹫ӡ
ɽȻǿ鹫ӵǴȴʵǿ
Ժܲҵģɽһѣ鹫ӵһǴƵˣӲϣڿ鹫ӵǴ֮ͻһָĺϡ
ֽǳսֽսʤˡ
ֽȻǿټϽͱǿ
һǸߺڶ빫ӣңӣ裬ֽڣ棬ʤڰ鹫ӣ
Ƕʲô⣬սսĻҾͿʼѡĽˣ
Ϲ⿴ܣ˵
ˣ࿴һۣʮּᶨҡҡͷİ˴ʵ̫̬ˡ
ǰĹӣֱһһ̬
ĵ裬һ壬ôôǿʵԼͬսء
ӵļ˼ֱǱ̬
ʤվսһأǣɰ֮¡
罣ȻѸ٣Ǹ֮ǰֽһ㣬ֻп죬԰ܵʮֵĳס
鹫ǳ׵ʧȥսǶһʲô˰̬еı̬еĹ
ιӱокܴѹһĹӱȻʤиǳȴһڶļʵǲġ
οɵǺãǰĵһڶԶڶԶ
һ㣬ʣԼˣǵǰĻᶼûС
˼Ȼû飬ҿʼһǸߺΪӣʮʯ
˵ţϹ˲ڸߺǰһöָ˸ߺŸߺ˵ͷСصĹģ
ߺ治ɫָ˹˵ˣ
ģȻСӲ˳ۣҲڿ˿ĽߺʼĽָϹⲻмĵ


316 ĺ
һӣӸߺڶӣ빫ӣӣңӾ죬Ĺӣ裬幫Ϲֽڣ棬߹ӣʤڰ˹ӣ鹫ӡ
еһжʱҲʹĹѡˣǽĵڰ˳ǸߺӵĴڡ
춼ĴϹ˵ţȻڿУʩչԼʵˡ
е˶ǳݵĿϹ⣬ˣոջһӣ˲䱬е˶û塣
վڰУ֮ȻûбͬһƽƵģȴڰ֮ͣΪһա
ʱڳ⣬ĸ˿ʼϹص׼еˡ
һˣǽ죬ûʹýᣬһɲǾߺ˵ǰŸߺ˵˵ͷ䵽ĸ̨֮ϡ
Ǹ̨Ĳϣߺһ֡
Ǿǽר̨˽죬дõĶ
һдŵǹ֮󣬶˵Ǹָȥˣתдһ֡
Ҳ׷׸֣һһѸͷдһ֡
Ǹдһ֣⼸λ½֮㣬ǽȫɱ㡣
ѾһĴˣΪ֮ǰȲȵʱڣ׷ڹĴͣȫɱˣڵĴͳ˽֮⣬µˡ
Ϸһ°ɣȺԪƺѸҾͲýˣǽ졣ڿʼɣǿ˭˳ۿսˣ
ʱĴ½˵ˣǵģʱȴҪսһ˽ˣ
˵ǸѸŵŨüۣף汳һѳְ師ӦʮֵĴ
Ȼ󣬺泤ʮСĴԪЦЦֻнˣ統ԼȥԸǸã
ֻǵ˵һ䣺ã
⣬Ϲ¶һ˿̵΢ЦòҪǵĹ
̱죬ֻȻɱ˸ĿŽ졣
ߺվɣšԱߵǸʲôţԲ˼ҲˣþûˣдһΣ
˵ս˵ھĴʾġ
ǣһһ죬еһȥθǱ̬иߺ⬣죬趼Ҫռݺ͵λء
ߺָǸȺԪСһ񣬳вŮŮģߺᣬһںòԥĿʼԷ
СӣԪһŭˣϵƤѻһ𣬶ŸߺüŪۡ
ߺһŻӣҶǲϽ򣬲͹
˵֮󣬸ߺʲôϻ´Ԫٴζɲ֤ڶλ᲻¡
ȺԪȻпҽܡ
ߺֻθһ󷭹˵һǹǲǱģ
Ԫɫ࣬ڲ˵ˣΪԼһ˵ȫû塣
ڸߺ˵ˣһ죬ж

Ԫ͵һȣţǽȰɣ˵Ҳʡ
͵ʹߺߺǸĵף֮أ
̾ʹӸߺܿʼȻѸٵ˷ȥ
ѵȡ
˵ţ͵ȥȻͱ˰û뵽Ǳ̵ļͳ̶ȣȻнױ
ֻԼȺ񱻼ĴˣոߵЩϣ໵һзȥ
ߺһһûᣬ֮գ
Щ̿ʼзȥԪΧ
ԪʵƲ̫ǿȴ⬵˻һЩأߺ϶һʵ̫ǿȻĻҲܱܡ
ȣνȺԪʵ̫ˣֻߺıΪ˶ʮӣȺˣȻԹĿ˸ߺһۡ
󣬸ߺҲˣûסŻӣٲҾŪ㣬ŪŪŻ
ȺԪŭˣ棬еСӣҪս㣬Щʱ̫ˣǲ
ȸߺˣԼӣʵױһǹ߳٣Ȼܽɱ
һ٣ٶı裬ˣ費ۣһûôƷζ
˵ţȺԪɦŪ˵İһơ
ߺŻҷģŻ´һ
ߺŻ¾֪ǰ׳ղ֪˵ʲô΢΢𣺡ûߺֵķӦأһĵļһ
֣죬ŪеѡҵĶˣŻߺһŻ£һߴ
΢΢𣺡ãԸҾ;ٶȰѣ
˵ţȻϿʼ޵ɢĽ˿һһʵľ
Ҿ磡ߺȻڵϢʮֵһ۾ϳ˽ڵľ磬Ҿ硣
һǱɫıУһɥ
Ȼһ־߾죬ߺڵĽѾɹˣȻ֪ôһܲ
ڵĽߺĸоһʵľâ¶ﲻն
ն
һŭһɿԽɱƴϱһеı
ǽƣ·ܽһжϣǰֻһűֽ
졭
ԪҲʾȻεض𣬶ſеĽȥǵ׵͸Ļ塣
ȻһͳɹʧϣֻһصѪ
ǿ˵ĻиߺǰһЩۡ
Ҹоٴˣлˣ죡ߺڲŻˣһӣһЩϣȻ󶳽ᡣ
ߺһ֮£Щڿնȥ
滹ûߵɽӾϵڱˣ˵ĴһĻôԼлΪ˴֮һˡ
ȻϹ⿴һ۴Ԫʬ壺䱾ˣκΪզô붼˴ϱ߰ˣһߺΪĴ֮һɽӽף
սǣ빫Ӷսƺң챻Ĵ⬳ˡ
󣬾ߺǸ˸
һķǳĿ£ߺֻܹ֮סĶ
ֻʣǸԱ
µɣôţ棡ߺһ°һ˵


317 춼ذ
Ǹ˵ǻһ֣ʵ̫ǿˣû׶ͼֻŭͽԷˡ
Էĳְ師ĵҲÿλӶܽȫ룬ѩĻǾĿռ䰡
ңŭܽһƵɽʵǿˣǿˡ
ߺΪھʩչĻпܽ翷֮µĵҲû⡣
ֻǾ͵ÿûǸˡ
һ翷ѾߺĺȫĸǣҪûôˣڶýƮڻٵֵز
ڵĴǰµϴƣȻϴƣֻнǸλϡ
俴̨֮ϣһһεĽ䣬žãŶڵʵôǿԭΪСһܹȡһóɼϵذڿܹڵĹӼͲˣ
ѲɣߵĴʱҪǿɾˣϷҲûа취ȫܹ˰
˵Ǹϼһû˵Ǻ˯Ҫ˯ӱεĴһ㡣
ߺ˵һܾȣΪĶԱߺеǸˣɥʧ˰Сʱ
ǣôǿˣȻҲ˵ʱ֮д׻жпأ

ڸߺ˲֪Ϊڵս죬ҪĴ֮дʱĽŪ±
ߺЩ̾˲죬βĻһ̾ĸֵλˣ

սʮֵļҡ
ȻҾ磬߾죬κΣ˵ķ̫ǿˣֻѹȴʼûܹ˵衣
ߺЩп岻ΪΪǿ壬壬ԼҪ۷壬ſȱȡ
Сһ·ڸߺߣһͷߺһͷ衣
ʵڲףΪʲôԼô裬ǿȻǿҲҿá
ߺעܿΪߺ
ѾСʱˣһν£Ǻķǿ뽣첫
󣬽ҲʵܲˣСʱˣôһֱԼǿսԼĽᶼ˺ºܶˡ
۽ᣬýķ˲ٵȥԼذɡ
ðɣҵģ죬㿴ˣһбԸģ֪µ⽫֮ˣɵУǱߵľ˵
񾪣
˫˲ͱˣɱ˫ɱ籡·鶼ģҪһ²
ɫıҲʼתɫԭɫѪεɺɫŵģ·ȳϢ
ȥɣ
һѪɫĽȥһθеѹһξ֮Ȼ£ǵ֮ЩģŸо
ǣһΣǵѪɫĽÿ£ǵ·϶ȥ
񷶼·Ѫɫ·ھ⽣
Ȼô׾ģ˫֮еķ֮ɫԽԽŨŭ
໡
ǲĺУĽض֮пʼˮĻʼĽ
ײĽ壬죬Ƿ·ڲ·ھ£ǽϳһӡǡ
ǻײ̫ԲŽӡȥģһ͹壬֤ǵж־塣
˱仯屾ֱֻֻ仯֮󳤵ڣצ֮ϾȻƬƬۣȥռֻ۰
˫ǵѪɫĽ˺Ѷȥûһץ֮ÿռ䷢죬·ҪѿƵġ
䡭
ǵѪɫĽײһ𣬾ͺһֻϺһƬҶһ㡣
Ѫɫʮֵľ޴󣬾ȻжʮɳȣɣԶһ޴ĺɫС
Ȼǿ󣬵ƺܸ˽񾪣׹ȥУ忪ʼı˻ȥ±˵ӡ
ǣ䡭
屻䵽ȥȻͻԹȥֱպ
ʱĴѾȷˣߺ죬죬⬡
⼸Ҳǰе˳ģߺǿӹɣȻߺ뽣һսǽߺĽռ䣬ϵҡҡͷ
ʾҪ;һս
󣬾սܣȻ׶ͼǿ󣬵ֱĵģڱ֮ǰ񾪾Ѿˡ
ûֱ̬壬Լ֮Ʊ֮󣬾˲Ͷ
빫ûٱȣʹҲֻ˷ʱѣУԼƣûʲôơ
Ҳ¶ѣһҪһԼĵơ
֮󣬾ˣԼˣߺҪһЩ⣬ԱߴںȾƣ⡣
Ա֮ȥ
ǷĻԱԣǿ׳źȤ
ߵѸƺԱߣһһ˵åʮ㡣
ߺʮֻɣһﲻåɡ
Ӣµս֮սԷ׷ױ̬
ˣǻᣡ
ĴֱǱߺ죬ң죬⬡
˴ӣӣƹӣҸӣϽӡ鹫ӡ
Ϲٴγ֣Ըָ˸ߺһָİʯǵһ͵Ľ
ڶ͵Ľ򣬵͵Ƕ򣬵ĺ͵һָ輸ʮ򣬱Ͼһ¶λˡ
Ϲһ߷ַһ죺ǿˣƽʱֻһεһӵĽˣһȴַΣ
ˣһսҲҪһսô䣬ûбսɹģذ֮ˣ
Ϲ˵⣬ϿվţȻˣҲмʯ̨վˡ
һָһӰ˲֣վ֮ϣ˶ò
˵ϹǰͲܷŹһս᲻Ȥ
һ˵ߺ֣ԱվĽ죬ɪɪ˷ܣڵ˷ʲôߺ
Ŀ鹫ӵһ컹ڵĹӣҲȫڷ沿飬ߺǲ˷ܣǿ־塣
ֶԶԷʵĿ־塣
ߺ֣еǸӰȻֱͬһǣѸٵ
Һã춼ذһЦָ̣࣬ɫȻ˵һְվߵı̨ϣŸߺˡ


318 սذ
һ֮УֻǺ龳磬ڿǵ˺ܶ࣬ˣһϰɣȫӦˣЦ΢΢Ÿߺ˵
Ц೤м˧еȣصǣĶλһӣʼչһ˿аЦ
֮ɢĲǺصĲȴǿʵߺ֪һѾﵽһ־ˡ
˵Ǻǿ۷Ҳһ˾͸ſսеĺߣ֪˵֪ã˵á
Ѿ˺üˣһֻΪҵΪûս㣬ξսɣʱ򣬽ż㣬ȥ
ǣϴ澳һСһ治أ㾭ôʱ䣬ʵ׳ɳ˶٣
Ǹ˶Ž˰֣Ȼ˲ʧˣתڽ档
һеĽһ˦򱳺ȥ
²ûдǼһʵڽĺ󱳳ֵģһһ
أҪǲܵŶʹȫЦһ˿аЦŽ˵
ãҾͲˣذǽˣ˵꣬Ҳܿʼ仯Ϣ˫֮
ߺ˿Ҳˣͬߵı̨Ϊذһ׼ġ
ʩչҾ磬ܲϵϢΧϵתȥ
ʱĽϵҲǿ˺ܶ࣬һʵľý
ţˣʹҲвң
Ц˵ţĽֱڱ󣺡һֻ֣ӽܣ
ǲ̵Ц𣺡òҪСˣȻĻ仰һЦͲˣ
ЦаЦ˵ڵ˻ǰ˵󻰣Цȴһ㶼Ц
һɥ
߾еıݺݵЦȥһ޴Ľ⣬ɢϢЦȥ
ţȷӣ֮ǰǼҷϺöˣ𣡡Ц࿴ǽԼϵĵͷƷͷġ
󣬾͵ǵҪ̵ʱȻ
ӦǾ仰ɽãһߺŷ˵ٶȷǳĿ죬ֻ˲ǽ֮ϡ
ֻǶǵ⣬ǽ˽ȥǴסһֻƵģһǽȻͻƬ
⡭ߺȵ˵ˣ˵ʵȻ˹ǿֻһǵ޿ҵĽˡ
ߺҲ뽣սĽҲǳϤһɥȻֻ߾֮еĵһʵǳǿ
ͨĺǿߣһ֮¶ʧܣɥҲǲܵġ
һöأߺһ¶Լ΢ЦĿ˵սԼǽ죬ϤЦսʽ
ţ
ţʩչ˶ǵղŸǿ󣬲ơ
˵һĻٻţǼžһûУȫǰ
ȻЦҲˣˣˣõҪɵԸ㣬԰ˣ
˵ţЦ屩ĺһӰЦȴ˲ǽ֮Уֳצϵץ
ڳȡһǣı֮ǽҲɢڿС
ţһκˣ㻹ûʲôûУҽĺܾˣ㻹ʽĻҾ㿴ҵ߳ΣЦȻʼЦ졣
΢΢һЦˣ㲻ʵǿ󣬾²ⶼô׼ȷʱû׼֮İɣ
Цһ£漴ֿˣ㻹һ˼ļһȻôǿȷţҪǵؾ磬һܹذ񣬵ȴڣ
ǾһУҵûذɣ񾪣˫ȫˣͨ졣
ɢ޾ɱ񷶼Ⱦˣе˶뵽޾ɱ¾֮С
Ȼߺǣǵûе͵ɱӰĵزǽɱ
ʵ£ôӰ쵽ߺء
ǣǼһͲˣսӿʼɱ֪ʲôԭ򣬾ǵɱ
ڿ鹫öˣҲȾˣֻҴˣͳ˹ȥ
ڣҲɱӰˣûйĳͷֻһȭˡ
ڷɵȥˣҲǺӦǹϯϰɡ
һԽĽϽĽ˳һЩЦЩˡ
ĺܲĻһὫɱ츳Ѿȫвҵĵλˣţһ֮󣬿ԽأʱҵĽ£
ЦûһаЦʮֵࡣ
߳㿴ˣȣ죡ЦʼһеǵѪɫץȥ
צ棬һ޴צǽץȥݺݵڽϣȻЦֿʼ߬
еǸ޴Ҳſʼ߬ƽҵײһɹɳϯķռ俪ʼ΢𶯡
𶯲Ǻܴ󣬾Ƶģ΢Ķ𶯣ȴʵĸо
Ц˫֮Уһ֮ɫ͵ҲȻӴǵѪɫĽ֮£һƬƬƬȻʧڿС
ôǷǻҪұԣЦ౳˫֣ſеĽаЦ˵
ڿйЦջǲƥ𣿹ǷˣΣĵλʼҪˣ
Цһ£ʲô˼㻹غУǾһʹɣҿ㵽׻ʲôܹͣʤң
εҡҡͷڵңûʵӮ㣡
ոʲô˼ѲʵˣЦĳ˲ɣУǻòͷˣͿǲ˳ˣЦ˫΢Уɱ˫֮бŷ
Цң˵ҿҲˣҵԶԶҲֻ˵ԼΪزܵйˣ
һۣĬĬĵ˵ͷոսĽ˿ĺǿ񾪣Է߳ʵˣȷ֮֡
Щл˭ģվɣҿ˭ܹҴӵذλ
ˣҾҪѪˢҵĳ裡Ц˵ţָŽ˵üŭĿΪոնһƭһ衣
ϹǰҪңȻĻҵذڣŵذӦİɣЦྐྵȻвϹ⡣
ߺ¶һ˿΢Ц֪ңɲһս


319 
ЦвϹЦֻҡҡͷ̫ˣΪԼǵذ֮ˣ˿гɾ͡
ʱ򣬸ߺѾ˵ˣЦڶҪˣ˸˵̻ͷ
˭˭˵Ҫս
ߺ䵽ı̨ϣȻ棺ԭоģɲǺܸߣ
һ߹ۿߺһ˵˵ǲأ
Ц˫һУʹΣǵλø߳ܶ͹ˣԶҲĵط
ߺҡҡͷ֪ո˵еʱʲô룬Դ󣿻ӣ
ô˵ҲˣЦ೰ЦĿŸߺ
ߺ΢΢˵ͷûոλֵͬ磬Ҹ黹ɣ֪Ǳед֮ʲôоأ
Ц˫һУ˵һܸ㣿ЦΪԼܹкҶսʵ
ߺҡҡͷҾУϹǰ֪ûǰƶսȫ
ϹһЦεĵһǺߣȻȫսҲʸ񣡡
˽ոвԼһ٣ϹԼʮֵ⣬ڿߺ˳۶ˡ
ԭСӲǹҵģǶÿ˶ˣһԴأϹв뵽
СӣȥɣЦû˼ߺϹĶԻأոոߺһ䣬ܡ
Լצ˲ʧڸߺԱߣߺĲץȥ
ߺ˲ʧٴγֵʱЦĺ棺Բˣٶٶȶ˵ȫͲ
ɶɣЦķӦʮֵѸ٣գۼ䣬צ湥ȥ
ѩ

ĸߺһķצһ¾ץڸߺĺϣȻʹһ
Ц̲סڱֿڣ
ֻԼֶҪˣҶľˣǿȻӲ̶ֳˡ
ǱץˣɢһأȻ»ɺЦĺ۶ȥ

Цצٴθı䷽ȥһǿץס󣺡ҵٶˣΣܹԽ𣿡
ߺץסЦ֣ЦֻоԼֱǯӼסһҲ
ȥԱɣҲʵˣߺżϵС˵
СǶЦһȻȥļȥ棬Ǹ̨ӡ
˵ǲʲô˵Ը㲻𣿡ЦЦ˵
һֱڱֺֻȻ˳ߺĺץȥ
ʹʹȥͻץôذģ˹ϵ˺Űɣߺ˵ţҲš
֮أ
һɳı˲ڸߺǰ֣סЦһץͬߺҲſ˶Է֡
ſ˰ɣҵġЦйǺȻЩԾΪȻкӿ
Ц಻Ҵ⣬汩ˣո˿һ̾ʹǸط˳
զզǿϧأα뱬ţߺϧеĺ͵رȥ
ЩѸٵӣᵽĽ£Цȥ
ɶʲôЦͷܱ̣ûа취зȥ
ҲˣһֻҪͿˣЦ˵ţվڱĵĸߺȥ
ߺЦһߣ֪֮գ
Щ̺ȻЦȥЦλõĸߺһˡ
Цӿ˽ӽ̵ٶȣֻһ˲˱ǰٶǸ찡
ߺ
֮Цٶǿ࣬ǰģǺ˵ģǧ̣ȥ
һȦȦΧ棬ߺ֪ƣʩչһα֮أȻ󾣼֮ա
мЦȥЦɫһСҵǰŪ飬顭
ÿһ飬һѣ΢ЦڷڣԼôЩ̺񶼲һ
һСӸĹҲȥˣȻᱻģԵأЦ˫ֳצץȥ
ֻ޴צڿγɣץȥı̶ֻצˡ
Ц˫ģ֮кһָֻצץȥȻǿӲĽ̵İΧֿˡ
Цĸߺڱ̨վţĿԼ
һԼ˰죬žǱ˸Ūˣɶȥɣ
ƺȻڿбˣı̻ɺߺȥЦҲᣬ廯һĲӰڸߺߣԺ
͵رγһ㵭֣ߺ
֮أ
ߺ̧һ̳ЦǰЦȥƲǿ˼֡
еһʮֵǿǱ˲ͱָ͸ˣǸŪ֮󣬼ߺγͷֻֻ֣ҲγͬĤ
ߺۣ֮ͨĿЩ֮Уռپҵ𶯣ûС
˵һ⣬˽Լ֮ڵѹֵزǿ󣬾ڵĿʼҵ
ߺ֣ĿռѾЩŤǼѹԵʡ
οŤͬڻֻ̫֮ǿˣʹЧ
ЩŤѣǣ֮ڵȴŤռλ
ߺ治ɫһҴûʹùˣ
֮еǰγһ±ǽǲͬ±ǽʮֵĺ
Լɵĺȣ沼ϸ΢ı̣顣ƽ˿ĻͿ
Ƕ±ǽһ˲䣬Ϳʼɣγһ״Բȴǵġ
Ц棬ߺ΢Ц˵ôذڶţذһߣ
ߺʵֽڲ˼Ļش𣺡ذһߣʵСһÿһǧһΣһǧӦʮ֮ڰɣСĿԽսǵǸ֮󣬾ȫ˳ذˡ
ߺ˼ĵ˵ͷô˵Сˣһõĺǵβģ
ôҶǵذĳԱأǣЦƿڴߺЦֹ
ذԱ˵ĿãϧϾͲˣǣ˵Ŀô˵ڹˣһطǵĿסô򵥣ԡ
ߺЦ˵Щϸ΢ı̿ʼЦȥ
ҳ㾹ң
󣬲д˳ŻЦĲҽͻ
ողǺţ˵ǵذԱ˭ҲǲذΣߺ΢Ц˵
ҽҪµذ񣬲֪ʱʲôȽ׵ߣ


320 ذԱ
Ҹ㣬øϿǵذ֮ȻжǻǺһģЦвߺ
㻹вأ㻹룬˭㡭
ߺ˵⣬Ȼ˵ˣΪ䳡Ͽգվ˺ߣɫĮȻĿ﷢һС
֮Ϊ͵ҲǺؾ磬ΪߵȴǺ۷ΪϸһȻǧˡ
ЦڣУһΪ͵˵Į˵
أλֵܰæҳЦæص
˿һЦ࣬ٿһ۱̨ϵĸߺ˵Լ
ĳȥû˵꣬ȻʶԼ˵ʲôӦ˵Ļˡ
Ȼܳˣ˭ǸºߵȻ˵Ȼߺ
ߺһ죺û뵽ˣһεĵذԱսûɣ
ûߺתϹһݣϹǰµذھǧŰپʮЩǱҵȼߵģʮ׵ĳԱ֪С˵Ƿʵ
Ϲηûԭǹɰ뵭ȻʮĿһˣԭҹҲ氡
Ƕһͷ˵˵ΪȻǺ۷壬һϹ⣺ôͷǶذ
ңǵذĺǵļȻĴ춼ڳôߺȷҲȷ춼֮ˣϹ⵭Ȼĵ
ͷһˣҲԸΪѣҰҹ飬һشǲĻұȻȻ
ҹ弸ʧͬʱϹǰкȻһذףϹǰصĻζ˿ĶϹ˵
Ȼٴʧͬʱڸߺǰ
ߺһɵȻ˵ô¶ˣҳǰɣɣҳϲĶ֣Ҳʲôӡ
ҹмĿ˿ˣ˫ȫ۰ףߺʩչҾʱơ
ǲͬǣʱ̱Ҿ磬ߵߺߵʱ򣬸ߺоһжɫ
ǵıɫ·һƬǺڰ˵ΪȻܽһȻı䣬ѾҪͻƺ龳磬뵽ˡ
ǰ죬ߺȴԼⷽռ俴
ߺһæҧͷΪԼ˰ҹĻþȴû뵽ʹҧ֮ϡ
˵ΪȷѾﵽܹıһȻľˣߺ뵽
ҹ˸ߺɻ΢΢ҡҡͷҲûֻҹ֮⾳ҹ֮Ļ걻ҵİȾ˶ѡ
ҹûſڸߺԺ֮гֵġ
ǣʲô
һΣҹû˵ǿЦࡣ
Ц࣬һսҲˣȻ֪ܵذԱȣҿûдڵذıҪˣ
ҹ˵ǶЦ̡
ȻСҹ˵ȻԼ˸ߺ֣Իعͷߺ
ҽиߺߺĻش𣺸ո˵ʲô˼ǸԼİ׳
֪˸ߺ֣ҹ˵ͷǵذǿΪСֵܣߺЦ࣬ھʹҵذһΪһذԱ

ķ𾪵Ц඼ɵˣĺУǲ䲻һûгʮ꣬ôǿһǿ߶ģǲôʡ
һ仰˰ҹֵĿ˸ߺһۣ㣬ǰɣ
ߺ¶һ˿΢ЦǽԱ˵ЦǰɣҾƵĸģǿûһ£ǲǶ᣿
˵ţߺתŰҹŵĻܿԣҲΪǶסС˵죡
ţã㣬ˣûҹˬʵĴЦ˰Ӷû
εĿ˿棺ˣⲻҵĸϣܽĻң
ҹһ۷ǰ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ
ˣҪսھŽ׵ˣܲܲҪԵô׳պòãҪΪ˶ô׳أ
Ǹӣһӽָóһöںڵ
ԼȭͷСǻ飬ܹŨȵģǶߣͻں϶ȴСһİɫ
Ǳ˵Ļͻȫɰɫ
ߺöУͶȥǺɫ˲׹ţöӶѩס
ȻףǸӲϵĻζȻʼƣ󡭡
ž
öȻ͵ˣɫ˸ߺһ֡
Ǽٻɣߺһ˦֣һ߶Կеİ˵
ǰ˼ں϶Ҳ̫˰ɣҴûôߵģȻҵĻ鶼
СӻңҵĻ顭Ӧҿҹʱߣ֮סˣˣ˵Ǽٻأ
˲תӣƨٷģ˵мٵϹͷмٶûУ
Ϲĵ˵֤ʵã۸񹫵׼۸񹫵
ߺͷ亹ôǱأ
˵֮ϹÿڸɤӶðˣǾͣİɣ
ôҪݽҾˣҹܹһöͣһָߺߡ
ϵ˼˵ߺԲǶǲǣ
ϹְҵģԲǣһ֤ʵ
֪ͣͣͣǼٵľͺˣҹֹ˵
ϹϵĺҲ٣һΪ˵һأˣ
ҹתЦߺΪҵذһпذʮ׵ϱһµˣһˣٻ⡭
ҹ㲻ɱңұʲôˣЦȻĵ˵
ҹ΢΢𣺡ôһˣ㱳󵽵˭
ҡʱϷȻֳһӰҵͽȻˣذ񣬵һɱ
ߺ亹ֹôˣôһȫѲɾͲ֪𣿡
ҹĸߺļ򣺡£Сһ׮˵̫ˣÿţʲôģʱ˵ллûվֲ˼ʧݣ
ߺͷҲǡ
ţ䵽ְ׳ϣûڿб۾˵
ŷĵ۷壬ô۷嵶⣬ĳӲˣһͷ
ͷﰼȥûҶ⣬˵ĻߺΪء


321 VSҹ
ȻòôǸߺɲϹⶼɵİҹŷ˶Ŀ¶Ͼ֮ɫ˿Ҳ򵥡
Լͽһѵⲻȥ˰ңǲӦûؾһ²ǣЩСϼһﲻøжǣ
һӣڰ˵
ҹ۾һУð˶˵ʵ֮󣬾һֱǵذϵ˱һһҵʵܲսھŽ׵أ
ʱŷҲˣеĺ߶ˣеӰһϷģһȥæ˼ûС
ߺĿ¶ɻŷ˹Ըߺ˵ȴŲ񷡣
֣ذ֮Ȼһ壬ʵÿһһ壬ÿһѱţ
ǾԲ˭ҲΪ˾˭
ߺֵĿЩɫɫŮĵذԱ˵ǴǴ˴ǰΪʲôѵΪЦ𣿶һȫԱ룡
֪ˣÿ꣬ѡеʱǵذԱͬҲۼȵһ쵽ǻụսΣôˣ֮ıԹ涨ǣԼʵսĸΣͿȥսĿ֮£ҲûܹˣңǵĴɵģֻҪˣϾͻԶʾ˵Ҳûãʱһ֪
˵ЩŷҲ˵ˣרĿı
ߺŷ˵ˣҲת̧ͷ濴ȥ
밵ҹնĿŶԷҲ˵ϻеۣӴĿʼռ俪ʼ𶯡
һаɣҹ֪ذһǧôöԸģʹԼɱС
ԼƣſеİҹһӣҹǷռȻŤһʾȻƾķƶȥ
ҹҲŵķƶϣߺûпֻŵȱ飬ֻǵĳЦ
ţҲҵʮ״ˣΪǵذ֮ϵ˶𣿡ҹųЦ
ǲС㣬ǿڣȵ֪ҵжôǿˣȻר־ĶԸҹ
ҹһҿˣҹ
˵ߺȻǰһڣԼʲôˣģһƬô£ǰҹ𣿡
ߺҹܽϵϢߺ
ҹϢǺҹ밵ҹϵϢʮֵԸߺΪǰҹ˵İ塣
û˻شߺҲûشߺǾЦҲΪ˷ߺΪذһֻǹմ֡
ۣ֮ߺۣ֮Ӹߺ͵ȥȥ
ǣǣԼԲˬۣ֮ξȻֻܿģģӰӡ
ɶҾͲˣҾ磡ߺ˫۽ʼ仯ۺڣѩһƬܽһĺΧŸߺͣת
ǣʹߺȻޣӸոܹӰֻܿһ˵Ӱˡ
ֻǣĶЩ֣һʼץȥٶһƬƬĺڰϵıת
צǿÿһץ֮£ռ䶼ϸ΢ѿ˲ַˡ
ţΪⲻǰ˳ɣҵİ۷壬Զ޷йҵģ
˵ţȻǴĺڰΧסţһһŵϴŵҲڲϵŤ϶һȭӡ
ҹźڰ֮УߺĬ롣
ɶƴˣŵ¶һ˿֮ɫ˫ּٵĻӶһƬƬĿռ俪ʼҵߺ˴ˣоԼȥ
ŵֻƽƽôһץߺĸߺͱǹץץȥ
ߺоԼеǱӡסһ㣬ƾԼôû˿ķӦֻץԼץȥ
ۣ֮ߺģģĿԼǱˣзȥ
ǵôĿֻǣͺԼĿƣȻзȥǴ˻𣬾ֵ
ǣ޲ǵǲзȥ
ˣţҹǵ־ʹ˽ɣʱһȻϿմ˹֮ǿֻһ˲䣬ͽߺϵץгһɶ
ҹˣ¶һ˿Цݣˣҵܳʱˣѣ
˵ţһӣܿʼڸղŸߺһֱҹ֮УԲ֪ʲôʱ
ֻ֪ʱѾĵңǵҹջصʱ򣬴Ҳŷ֣ԭʱѵ˻ƻ衣
ºҹ֮Уǻʱ죬˸ոմӺҹпƻʱ򣬲дΪ糿̫ոء
ߺӰеʱѾ»صˣԼڿмٵסҽȥ
䡭
ֽûôõĺˣǵΪ׶Σ޷Уֱֱ׹䣬˱̨֮ϣҵĳ
ţǺþòˣô΢΢һЦ˵
˳˧ʼմŵƺԶⲻƵģЦݿǿЦ
Լʮңһ£΢羭Ʈ𣬾ȻԵмֱ֮⡣
ԭ㣬ҵҲֻ䲻ʮϣû뵽ôȥʱǨ㾹ȻѾذھŽףϷȴѳΪ˹ȥʽ
ſϵˣЦЦ֮زסı֮⡣
δʵ꣬ǣ֪ʵǱ˲ʮҵȻû˿½վǰܸЩСһʱ򣡡˵ţ˿˰ҹ
ôôˣѲЩ˵ǰҳ󣿡
ҹݸһЦûǸ˼뽫սصڵھŽ״ģֻʱ￴һİ˴Ĵʵʲô̶ȣû뵽ǲͽܾȻ˱ˣ˼
˵ţҹָָţ˼ЦЦ˫гϷʣոձ˴ռʮֲһ㡣
ˣǾͰ°ɣҹ漴ԼĿڰҹϡ
ҿԴòͽ˰ɣߺߵ˵
ţˣڽΪһͣƣһɾ趥棬ƺţȻ󣬵ڰ˹ɽӶ棬ιѡʹ˽Ҿʹȥɣ
˵꣬Ϲ⻹ڼһ䣺ǴŹر֮ǰȴģɱ⣡


322 ҹĻ
ߺû뵽ԼμӹѡõһˣǣȴΪһʱĹ͡
ɹõһ֮ԼȴΪ˵ذЦ࣬ɹĽذ
ȻڽһţԼʵȫпǰԣϹ˵֮󣬸ߺû˳ȥ
ڸߺʽĽ˵ذ˼ҵذ֮ڱ䳡£ϹҲûʲô˵ġ
䳡ȫǵذϹ뿴̨ǲ֪Ҳ֪ȥ
ذͬҲǲĴڣȻʵڵĳƺš
ǣذһףһǧˣ˶ڵĳƺţһ϶ֻǿذһԵߣ˵ѾǺӾʵ˭Ҳû
ֻеذǰʮЩս֪ʵɡ
ҵذھǧһҹʽذھǧսͽ̣ҹ˫ֳ죬ڿйЦ
ߺһڵѱǽɵĺһпȥⳡսǲŹġ
ոշڻĿŸûǰֻһצߺûиоʲôԼǰԼıǽͺȻ̮
Ȼ˺۵ЦʹŵУȻһתʧڿС
ű˾ǿǸոմû˿֮İҹжǿʶһ¡
ǱǽԼȫʩչĽߺţǿߣ׵ƿҪһʱ䡣
ߵʱʶĿ˸ߺһۣһøߺоԼ޾Ԩ
ԼﶼˣȻ󲻶ϵ׷Լ
Ųô׵ķԼߺа̾ʵҲǾԲŹԼġ
˵ԼͽܴӵذͲŹԼֻôذԱھͱ
οŷҹȵһЩʵǿܶĸֶڴˣѡʱб
Ȼ֪ǷְߺԼȻðա

ˣûô飬ǶˬˣҲ˵ذ֮У˼ţʮ꣬Ѿս˵ذʮ׶壬Ͳ뵽ԸˣǸ˵
Ҳһսˣ֪ǿеŵǿʲô̶ȣ˵ţЦЦ
ϳģҵĿĵܵܶģԱǸŷڶˣҲòսˣҹһЦŶ˵
ҵ֮ܵܵϣһսģҲԲĶ֡˵˵
ԣҾֻϳսҿϼҵĵҹ˵ţϺȻذףͷذһаЦ˵
ҶϼҵĵǿЦҵܵߵ·ȫͬڸ˵Ҳ˵֪֮ˣ˵ţǸжϳ˵һһС
ǵ˵ǵʵͽ޺ܴĲֻǵУֱϸûһ㻡ȣڵ棬ǿֻסġ
ǱнƷߺ𽣲ͬģڵҲʾϸϢӦҲˮԵġ
ߺЩ죺ѲɣϳˮʣˮûбĻӦòǿǣ
ߺʱ򣬿е˶ˡ
ϳȡİҹҲڽ飬еذһһ⣬Ķϳ˷ȥ
ϳ˵ֳֳϣҽǣһʣذɳȥ
ǣҹ˲ڻڷɵذԱߣһסذףٴ˳ȥ
ӳذײô򵥵ĿͿݵˣ޾ĺڰĺ泤ţͺҹǱذ׾ǰҹʹߡ
ذ׼˲ϳ˵ǰǺĺҲ˲䱩ǣϳ˽İΧס
úãϳ˲ûп־壬쳣˷ܣеĳӣһķдνֹĺڰ֮С
ߺţҪһ޷죬ҹڷɱҹ
ǵͬĵƬЩڰγһնЩնȫ͸ġ
ߺڰǿеĺڰǰҹİɵģϳ˵ķܽǰҹѷ죬ߺͿԿ϶Ƕϳ˵ҹˡ
ոƾץ޷Ǻڰ֮κκۼͺǻһ㡣
ǣߺдĺǿߣ߶вǵץ
ڣϳ˵ķоͿ׵Ļưҹ֪ЩвǱϿȥô򵥣ǿĹʹǺҲᱻɱɡ
еĺڰķƿʱ򣬰ҹҲڶϳ˵еһذ׷ڶϳ˵ǰ棺ʵ𣿿Ҳô
ҿɲôãҾÿ˵⻰ɣϳһЦ˵
ԭеĳͻطذ׵ǰ棬ذڳ֮ϡ
⼸ָͱҪˣҹ֮ɫһ䣬еذ滮ȥ
ϳ˵ĵûл֣뵶ĿȵͬģȻЩͬǣذ˳ŵȥĻʹһģֻҪ΢һᣬҲὫϳ˵ָµġ
ϳ˺ٺһЦһתԼĺ󷽣ȻԼӼбȥзİҹȥ
ңذԽԽ£ҹذľҲԽԽҹǰߵĻȻܹ»ȥǱضҪ͵ϡ
ƻͷӡҹһεȥذҲ˻
һзڵʯ֮䣬ҹȥʱǱŵذ÷ڰҹߣҹֽ֮С
ϳˣȻǸǵģսȻôḻҹһ
ϳһЦһ˻ˣսҲܷḻͷҲĵأ
ǾͿȫʵɣҹĻ١˵ţҹ˫ֽ棬Ȼݺݵǰ滮ȥһڰô˳Ǻڰ֮зǳļž
ҹٺһЦȫİͷųźڰҲźڰ֮еһص㣬ǾǼžʲô㶼
ߺһһйݵģڰ˵۾ʧȥãž۾ʧȥá
ںڰͬ󺣵İҹ˵ȫȫޱװԶϳ˵ȴаٺһ
һڰٵţ˲ϳ˵ǰϳ˰Χ档
ҹͥŲôڶϳ˵ǰǶϳδţɵ㶵վš
ǰһƬڣԱȴҲһƬžûа취ֻҪһУͻ¶
䡭ҹһڶϳ˵ϣŶϳ½͵һתеذ׼ٵϳ˵Ĳȥ


323 ϳ
ذ׾Ҫϳ˲ʱ򣬶ϳ˺Ȼ¶һ˿ЦݣеĵȻǱذ׸񵲶ȥ
ϣ
һĻһĽ쳹ķ˲ͱֹĺڰˣܵĿռҵһ£ߺһ㵹ڵϡ
ȻûӾǲҪһиоģڵϵĶϳվĶŰҹ˵
ߺȻüͷϳ˵ʲôսһƬڰͼžǸߺۣ֮˵ʲôˣǿ
ôʱ俴棬ߺ˫Ȼɬɵ۾̫ˣ
ո۾ͷԼܶ˶ΧˣǶһֵŸߺոΪߺ͵ŷҲôһ顣
ô𣿡ߺСʵ
ܹսʱŷȻʵҽܿһ˿ģӰԴӰҹʹҹĻ֮ҾʲôҲˣ
ߺһȻǻ֪Լӵۣ֮ʱ֪˰ɣһͶһŵơ
ʵʲôҲ壬ֻ뿴浽ʲôսѣʲô壡ߺһ㶼죬һ˵
Ա߼ϵСĿ˿ߺĵǰ㣬㻹أҶģģĿ壬˭أ
ЩҲֻС룬û˵˻ҲĽʲôֻǿȮɣ
ܱӵ񣬸ߺһ񺮣绹ͦʵģҲãȵʱǺڵʱˣ
ߺе뵽ǽе˶ˣȻԼվ۷壬Ц
õ⴦ߺЦ
ܵĿһλڸߺϣÿ߾۹⿴ߺĸߺһΣȿȿȡû£뵽ˣǼǵģ
еƳ˸ߺһۣһΣ
Ǹ³ԱôһɵһľвɣһŮ˵
һҲͬĵ˵ͷԶһЩɣȻ˧˵ɵǻᴫȾġ
仰ո˵һ룬еԶԶ뿪ߺŷҲĶʮȥһ߶һ߻
ˣոո˵ôĻѾȾ˰ɣο군ˣȥҰҹҵ
ߺһΣ⡭꣬Ҫ˵ɵҲǴȾҺòãһȺĸ˵ɵǻᴫȾġޡҲɵһ˵ǻᴫȾءޣԼ𡭡
ߺһ죬һףܵ˾Զˣʼˡ
ߺ˲ˣⶼһʲô˰ɵӣǵذϵ˶ôһⰡ

־ȥܵ˿ʼ̸еսȻǾ͸ɴһ°ɡ
ǲ֪ߺվһѺΣȻ棬沿죬֮۽սһ
ͬۿģиߺϵС󣬸ߺҲ֪ܹǼܹˬء
ͣ漤ҵսһСɵצӣֻȴ˺ܶࡣ
ȻɵǻᴫȾİɣҲ¶ˣߵֻﲻɵ𣿾ȻҲܿƵģǿ
֪ս˭ʤ˵ҹ᲻ʤ
ǵȻˣҲ°ҹһˬŰϳˣ㲻ûսҹ˵ҹĻ٣ǰҹ٣Ƕû취ƿ治׵ıŰһ١
뵽˿´˾Ȼһߺ濴ȥһ˿ʼ£սҹ˻治١
ֻŷûд£ŸߺܵĺѩһƬ˫ʼ֣˫֮¶ɻĿ⡣
ߺ˻ڼҵĶϳ˶ôңһЦһȺ֪ǣ
սǸӣĶϳûŰ㣬ʩչҹĻٵİҹһЩΡ
еذײϵĹϳˣǲĵÿһζϳ˸оǶܹȥеıеֵס
ǵһ˵ˣڵĶϳ˵ȷ·磬ҹĹʹöϳ˲ϵĸоһߡ
ٽʵҲлϵʱ򣬵ϳ˾иһɲǣܾѶ֮ʱ
ϳȻкУҹȷǿҳϣڵҵȷ֣ҲµذΪѾǾǧˣǰǧŰپʮ
ʲôô˵ĻѾﵽǸ׶ˣİҹһ˵ĻûеõشȻܹϳ˵ĻǶϳȴĻ
Ǿ仰ȴԭ򣺡ѾļˣҲ˵ҾУ֮ϵʮߣɹ˰ǧŰپʮ
˵ҺǽҵĻˣһң˵꣬ϳеĵһת
֮أ
˵ţϳһӳǸط£ҵĿ磬Ƕϳ˵ķ֮⡣
ԣİҹҲĶϳ˵ںηˡ
ŭ𣬰ҹҲˣ˵ȻˣһӰ
۾ҹʼܶϳ˵ڰҹ֮еķҹĻκԸо
ǣ޷ܵϳ˵ںηֻܸоϢˮ֮С
ǣˮ⾳޷оϳ˵ںη
Ҳ˵ϳ˵ķ⾳ȫ⾳ˣǷ֮Уǿϳˣᱻϳ˸оȻѸײڶ֮ƽԼ
С㣡ҹеذ׼ٻӶذ׾Ȼȫӽˮ֮УǷ̺ž޴
ֻ˲䣬ǺŰҹذ׾ͱǱ֮еˢɾұһγȥ
粻ǰҹķӦʮֵѸ٣ذ׾Ͳ֪ȥηˡ
һϳˣԭΪ˵ͬȴķ꾳Ҳﵽ˾ųɡ
ҹһת֪ҵİ֮ﵽ˼ҵİ֮Ѿﵽ˾ųɾţѾʼ֮ˣ
˵꣬ҹܵĺڰȻջأ֮ȥ
ǺڰǱ̲ʳһ㣬ʧڿУתҹ˺ڰһƬֻǿ״֪һ˿ģӰ
ֻҪжаֻҪаҾܹأ˵ţҹ߽Ƭ֮С
ǣǷо͸ģôֱֱĴƬ꣬ǷҲ塣
ҹĻʧˣе˶ܿˣֻһ㣬ҹѾ˺ڰƬ֮ˡ
Ƭ֮ǿڸߺŸоÿһ罫ҵЩ㶼Ὣռҵ𶯡
ԭǽô˵˫ƣˮʣϳˣ鴫ߺ૵߶
ϣ˿һٶ빥лſֽˮںһ𣬾Ƿ⾳


324 
ϳȻǿɲӵа벽尵ҹĶ֣ʧӰٵʱӳС
ҹеذ׵ڷϳ˵ĺϣϳеĵҲȥ趯ˡ
㲻Ϊţҳˣûеµذ񣬵ȵһ죬һὫһγ裬»ģϳ˺ܸɴࡣ
ȻˣǱʧˣеĳһʧУᲦҹеذףתͷߡ
ȵȣϳǰһ鲻֪ɷԸһţʱ򣬸ߺæסϳ˵
ţϳ˺Ȼתͷߺԭ½ذСһ֪ʲô飬ֱ˵ɣ
ߺ֪˵ߺ󣬶ǴӸոе˻ͷ֮У֪ųֵԭί
Ǹߺӡʮֵ
ߺɵУŶϳ˹˹֣ղſǰȻʹóжǽУڵѾƫĽ˰ɣ
ߺķϳʶĵ˵ͷȻ͵һ
ʲôղſҺͰҹսôܣոպͰҹսںڰ֮неģ˵һССĺߡ
ĺ߶һܹսСһȴԼ·ģ˵СһԼۿģ˵ġ
ؾϳǺ۷ߣԺܿͻָˣô飿
ߺ΢΢һЦûв´ĻӦǷˮͬ壬ˮһԴңһᣬŴϸĵߺ񶼲ϼҵĵѸͣŴ㽫ĳɽҲ֮ǰ˵Ѿ书·ˡ
ߺԽ˵ϳԽǾȣû뵽СһｫԼһзҽԼĵ׶ˣɫЩѿ
ڳЦЦûкýõ棡˵⣬ϳѾɫڣѾжֵ˼ˡ
ȻǸսߣǻֲһССĺһǰָֻŵġ
˿ˣ޲ϷʵĿŸߺǰ׳գΪԼ֪һо͸ƶϳˣǲ֪ôдġ
ǲڣԿͷһˣ
ŶϳǿƣߺоԼܺʯԼѹʮֵܡ
Ӳҧ˼ǰǡ෴ǡ
ߺһɫ꽣УϧýˮԵĽҵȴɳˣǰԸĻСԸǰһеıС
𽣸ոճʱ򣬶ϳ˾ѾջˣĿɫ𽣡
ܹܳǷˮеٻ֮еǲˮʿʼ궯еĸо
ǸߺûָоʵԸʵߵĵˣԡ
ԸʵߵģøֲӱʽˣҲòϽ߾ǵĸѾȫˡ
˵𽣼ʹУҲɳԶҲܷӳʵˣҲû֮ء
ϳ໥һһ£ϳеĵʹҪģеĽҲ˶ϳ书·ҲʹãֶΪأ
ϳ˸оһ¸ߺеıϧеĽԵģеĵȴƽϽƷıȲеĽ
ŵˣҪеĵҵĽȴܹӳȡѣͲǼֵ⣡ߺٴ˵
ϳ˹һЦãŵˣСֵܹȻˬ֮ˣҶϳ˾ͻˣҽѣ
˵ţϳһǱУݸߺߺҲе𽣵ݸϳˡ
꣬ƷϽƷֱĿǰߺ΢Ц
ϳҲ΢ЦҶϼִ֮ģҲҸȡ֣ƷϽƷһˡ
õԵı֮ӹЦߺǰɣǽˣпҶϼңҶϼ춼һ춼ģҲʮֵΣ֮еʵǳǿҶϼҲֻһĴڣܹһһɡ
Ȼô˵ǿ˵ı飬һϼҿ²ء
һһȻԷ֦ߺܽ飬ҲӦˣҪеĵܹ֣Ըߺ˵ѾǷǳˡ
õñУϳҲûҹս֪⾳벽Ĳ࣬һѱоͿֲġ
ԣˡ
е˴һǱ뿴ߺЦţû뵽θߺȴøͶϳ˳Ϊѡ
ȻֻǶϳ˿ͷŵѾ㹻ˣһЩ½ߣҪ˼һ¶ѣ˵ͷŵʲôˡ
ߺеĳϸĹĦǱԼĳߣзǳıӶԽһ·Ŀϳء
͵ػӶռ䶼
ʮֵļӲߺóһ¼УȻ˫յݺݵǱȥ
ͺһľͷô򵥣ֻһ˲䣬½׵Ӧϡ
ʮֵ룬⻬羵ֵȻǶϼҴģϹŴģ
ʱŷߺߣʲôոնϳǫ飬ϼ춼һһָģ˵жǿ󣬶Ƕıܺã˵춼ݵģ
˵ţŷĴڲ򣬶ϼҶҲǰļ
֪ܵܶʲô̶ȵ𣿡ŷȻתʵ
ߺҡҡͷϻ㲻˵ô֪Ȼ֪Ǹߺһ±Ŀŷ
ģֻʮ꣬ȴǵذŽ쵱Ϊһ۷壬ھŽ֮Уǰʮҽ껹п˽׽
ߺֵʵʮܴ꣬ˣǵھŽ֮еҪƣ
Ž֮У䲻óʮ꣬˽ףʮ꣬ԴԽͻԽҲԽѣ߽ʮ꣬ʮ֮꣬ϱ㲻ֹ춼ˣǶϱĴ춼ףʮ֮ڣĽףʮ֮ڣʮ꣬ʮ꣬һǰʮ֮ڡ
˵⣬ŷľһ׵Ǻ
񲻶ͷӡ
˭˵ģһ֮ڣʮҲУֻǶŰˣΪͨ죬۷壬˵һǺӾ綼ǵĶ֣
˵ŷѾǳݵĿˣߺ΢еȣҪ֪ԽԽҳܱԼӡ
ҪϹⲻ٣ֻܴٵʱ̤˳磬ʵ䡣
˵ǸϼһѾǹٵͷˡ
ԭذô氡ˣߣذģߺʵ


325 
ȥŷһסˣŸߺ֪˵ʲô
ߺ¶һ˿΢Цϻ㲻˵Ҫȥ춼ذȥǾȥ£
ȥʲôŷûзӦ
ߺͷ˵ҹϳȥʲôˣ
ȥھŽ״ȥˣϳսˣεȻҪ»ҹλãŷȻ˵
Ҫȥʮ׵Ĵȥ֮ǰļһһΰߺ¶һ˿΢Ц˵㲻˵½ԱûȨɣ
ŷҲӦУȻУذ֮ʮֵɵģ㰮ս˭ս˭ʱҲ˵ʲôģ㱳мΪǿ
ߺͷ˵ƨûУҲôսҵвĴڣİɣǸϿ߰ɣ
˵ŸߺͷĻ˻֣ǰȥ
١СӣһƢļһҲеʱ䣬ʹȥɣ֮ȥսھŽ׵ĵذ񣡡ŷһЦ
ߺͷˡ
ߺȻٶȷǳĿ죬ûŷٶȿ죬ŷٶͷ١
ҿߺŷץţȻεʲôط֪ˡ
춼ʮֵĹǳռ֮ʮӴĽҲʤ
ΪעĿıǷλͬڳģбҪΰ֮ͨÿһɫͬ
һǺɫģһɫģһɫġ
ŷ߸ߺǺɫɱ¾֮ɫ֮ɫ֮
ÿһвͬãͱɱ¾֮ǲͬޣҪɱ¾սġ
֮ۼ֮ؽģʮֵŨ˵춼Ǵ˵صŨˡ
Ũ̶Ա춼
Ȼɫ֮ŷȰߺǧҪȥ涼һЩ׾ɥĶ
ޣ̵ޣߣ̵ߣֲͬҪĶαװʮֺõ
֮һٲ㣬Ǵ˵ǳ߶ܽʮ㣬һǺΪߣûͨء
ֻг棬һͨع˭޽ģûҲû֪
춼һЩɱǶڲ֪ôõ̷ᱻӽǸУȻǵʵǸеԼӦĲΡ
ڰ·Ǿֻ˵ˡ
ߺڿʱ򣬸оĺɫϢЩһЩԹɱɡ
ǣ˵洳ػ߳ˣȫʵǣ˵кܶϢʺϸĵط
ߺ֪Լʵʺϴ֮Ǹɱ¾֮ǿԳȥ
ÿǽǴڵǵذ֮ˣÿһ׶һߺĵʮдһʮ֡
ߺվǰоԼޱȵС
žȻʮɵĸ߶ȣߺŷһһ۴˽ȥ
ǸžȻԼʹˡ
ŷ߸ߺţǻкţǸûƵļһġ
ֻҪԼʵܹˣȫԽȥЩ߿㲻˳ֻۣҪʵûһߣҲǱϳ
صľǶС
ߺ˽ȥ滹Щɫɫˣߺŷ˵ʱѾˡ
ߺ˿⣬Ǽǰ濴ȥ
ǧɴС߶ɣȵ֮ɭǹҪ޴
Щվ棬һȺһС
ߺеʱ򣬾͸˸ߺһƣǸЦߵʱŷҪġ
ʮףȻдŵһ
ڴŶ棬һ޴ʯڣдɫɫ֣һԭǰҹǸ˸˼£Ȼʧˡ
ţڶŷһλϡ
ߺҲǰһΪ˾ǧŰپʮ
ߺóԼۿԼϵҲ˱仯
ֻҪĻԼƾͻ仯ҪǱˣ˾ͻ֣ߺ׵ˡ
֮ϣдЦ֣ߺֱ㽫ĨȥȻ৵ָдԼ֡
ʯһһ˸ЦҲĳ˸ߺ
Ϳˣŷ΢ЦţԱȥȻһԾйۿߺ
ߺһʯϵ֣֮ϵǸֽͨ
֮󣬸ߺ̧ʯǰһ޴ı̨Ǹ̨ʮֵĴ󣬼б䳡Ǹ֮
ոսУߺĽµı̨һ£ǧŰپʮһ£Ҫս㣡
ߺ΢Ц˵ϵЦʮֵϡ
֪ΪһβģܹᲢ𣿺ߣʱȺ֮У߽һˡ
ǵʱڱ䳡ʱ򣬵һ˵λ
ǳͨߺʵ
Ҵүңʲô飡ǸͨʮֵţߺЦ࣬Ҫôʱ䣬ֻһѡ
ߺ⣬ûзŭǵ˵ĵӻ湻󣬾Ȼң
ͨ˿ˣȻˣΣЦմմϲˣַᲢۣԸַֻʮоͿԽ
ҵˣǲҵĸ㣬ұЦǿһ࣡
ߺεѹҡͷ̫ˣ

ߺ³֣ǰȻһǽ۶ɼС̡
ǱǽӸߺĽű߿ʼѸٵΧųͨתһȦȻеѸٳȥ
ֻһ˲䣬ǳͨͱ棬ԼȭͷأҪڵϴһǸߺֻ΢΢һЦ
˰ɣȻ˵ǾôһǷյĿռ䣡˵ţߺһ壬ıǽ֮ڴؿʼĳͨ˲õı˿ƵԼˡ
ƾԼôǱ˿ȴֻԽԽͲɶ
һȫ˷յĿռ䣬ߺϵıⱬ̡
ϸ΢Ĵ̿ʼģ쵽ı֮ϣǽ϶ϸ΢Ĵ̣һĳͨ޿ɶˡ
ͣͣͣʶˣͨ뽫Щ̻ΣȴЩʮֵļӲͲԼԻεġ
ԣɴ䣬ܱȶԼðɣЩĴ̣ὫԼ̳ɴ⬵ġ
ߺ֮һӣǱǽʼĺߺ֮УӦĸߺҲӵھǧŰپʮ˾ǧŰپʮ
ʯϵʾߺҲ˱仯
ߺ¶һ˿΢ЦôǲǻôĿǲǻôĲ
ߺʻոǿӲֺı̴ŷ֮УԼĸоһ¡
ĵˣµʵȷ㣡


326 ֮Ķ
ļ֮Уʵǳߵûж٣ǧŰٰʮǺؾ磬ֻʵСһ
ܵ˵ǵûгǿľ磬ԶԸߺ˵Ǻܼ򵥵ľͨˡ
Ǿ֮գȵȾͿԽˣߺҾ綼ûù
ڸߺδﵽ˾ǧŰٰʮʷϺټе˶һġ
ߺһ֮ھս˽ʮֻһڵľΪ۷߶ɵĴˡ
ԴӸߺһαվԭضûжطֻһζĿеıԿеĵ˽й
û˸棬ΪǰҲ棬ʮֵı磬Ǳסˣǲ㱻ǲı̸͸
ҲûվԭصĸߺһܴԾ˰գȻмĸߺȥ
һ·϶ܶɹı̣ߺһԼ棬ϸ΢ı̿ʼ
Ľǣзɴ̣ǰд⬣Ͷ
ߺɫȻһܣ̫û˼ˣһս̫鷳ˣֱս
ߺۺȻ˵ھǧŰΪʯ֮һĪϵԵƵ˳еʱʯϵͻɰɫ֮ʮְ
ʹ㿪ʼɣھǧŰҲǵʮ׵ľŰ³𣡡ߺԭ˵
˻ոһŷ̾ͱǺˡ
ߺܹԴΪսʮͣʤȵˡ
ʷһܹԺһؾھŰٶʮĴδйҲǺأû뵽ߺȻ԰һ˵Ҫսʮ׵ھŰ
漸ûйǧۣڵذ֮УǶԼǵڼ׵ڶ򵥡
ԣͬڵŷ˵ǵʮ׵һ֮ǰЦǵʮ׵һǧ
ŶҪսңʱ߳һˣֻǶʮ꣬Ϊǳǿ󣬸ߺĸоӦǺϼʮֲˡ
䣬˵ʮ֮ǰܹǿܹ뵽ֵزǿ۷塣
ѩһ۲۵ţ춼ŲͲһ
ʹţҲֻڵʮ׾Űϡ
ߺ²ʵֻˣѾﵽͨĺҲ˵
û㣬ϣ㲻ϧͽ̣ߺ˵һС
Ȼôǿ󣬸ߺѾ׼ʼʹȫˣϵĶԱȣмҲҪԷ⡣
ҵĻͿûǸˣ³˵ţ߽˱䳡
³˳ֻһˣƮȻȴԱټǿʵŲٵķ˿
ʮ׾Ű֮Ůкܶķ˿Ա߼УСͣС
пõС㻹ǸɣȻսǵС𣡡

ߺüͷһ壺㵹Ǻܲкܶ˿
³Լ壺ãֻǴѣ
ߺһЦôû֮ϵŮ˿
⣬³һסˣɫվһЩһ˿ûأ
ʮʵģЩŮֻԼǿкøУʹĻҲֻǡ
Ϊֻʵǿ󣬲ŻǰȫС
һֶѣҲе߶ԼʵģԻǲűߣҲڱˡ
ͬ˫ɯʵƽԱȽϣ˵ôһߡ
ˣϿɣѾûôˣߺ´վǵ˵
³Ҳ֪ߺʵΣҲҴ⣬ʵ˵֪ߺʵ޼ʹŷҲǸоߺʵӦòǱϿô򵥡
˵ߺʵ״ﵽʲô̶ˣҲжϣ԰еҲ˾ȫעĿߺ³һս
³˫һһԶСͳ˫֮Уָⲻϵת³ҲѸٵƶ
ż㣬ֻһ˲ߺߣеѸٵߺ̫Ѩϴȥ

ߺ˵ºȻһԱһɵģѩһס
ߺıȶ˲ԭʧת³˫ֳݺݵ³ıȥ
ն
նķڿмĻٵĻȻڿγһɼϸߡ
ϡ
һĻ𻯳֣Ž֮ײĴ̶˵Ķ඼յ˴̼ͬһ
Ƭռ俪ʼΪײ
ٿ³һֵֻѾס˸ߺҲҽ˵棬ֻϰ档
㡭ܺá³˵ţ֮еɱԽԽʢû뵽ܱһһص߱Ƶ̶ֳȡ
еޱȵ裬ϵԽԽǿȻʼƯ
ߺ˫ȶ̳ڰУ˫ĮȻĿ淢һС
ڷ蹷˵Ϊױɱ
Ѿˣ³̫ڷ񣬼ʹԼʤˣҲִ̫ĻԼɱ
³ܿʼɢǿĻɫߺüͷһ壺Ϣǣ𣿡
ߺܲףΪʲôԼԸһҲᣬѲΪԼˮԵԵʡ
ǣΪʲôԼǻʣԼȴеůأ
УеǣΪʲôԼȴôᣬֻһЩԹԼǳᡣ
ԽоߺԽ꣬˫۽ѾȫۺڣѩһƬͬһĺΧת
ߺһܵٴξȣߺȻڱ䳡ʱùҾ磬ʱ˵Ŀⶼϡ
УǴ֮УкģҲû̫ϸĹ۲졣
һǶʮֵ𾪣ŷ˵Ѳɣ֮иͷˣԵ֮Ե֮㵽һˡ
ԭ³Ҳʩչ֮˫֮һƬɫȵϢǳȵĻɫϢ
̧ͷɫĹâߺȥǣոյߺߣߺϵĺϨˡ
ͬʱ߸ߺһֺߺ˫֮ͬ䳹ǵĺâ³һȵϢסˣܣӶȥ
³һȭͷǿסĻˡ
³һֲҪߺ϶ˣ˫͵ȶߺ޾ĺһ³ѹ
ߺ³˫ֵһٵ趯Ȼţ³һһߺȥ
ǻϵϢĶƵŤˣռҲʼ
ߺ˫һ֮ء
䡭
ɵĺ̺Ȼӵϳ˳˵ǰ
䡭


327 ʵ
ߺδʧıȻ˶֣ûа취γɣ㻯һˮƯڿС
һЩֱӱˮ䵽˵ϡ
ߺԱߵĺۣѩƮڵϡ
ϵˮҲ۳ɺŻߺȥı̣֮ڻϡ
ҲЩȶС˺ܶ࣬ûһʼˡ
ڻôȻߺûа취ٴʩչ֮ˣԸɴһ֣Щ۵ĺȫ˺ٴλصԼ֮С
򣡡
ߺ˵ܺȻʼѩǿı֧Żߺߣ򲻶ϵߺǰʱѾûжٻˡ
ߺߵı͵صԼǰ˫֮киߺǿĳɱ⣬ʮֵļ̣һ¾ͽŻķɳȥ
³Ѹٵĳ֣һ⣬Уȼ֮𣡡
³˫һϣȫĻߺǻȻҲѾﵽĳɡ
ĿռȫʼŤߺ³𵽵ʲôط쿪ʼ»𻨡
ǻ𻨽䵽ϣЩûüɺıʼڻЩ𻯾䵽˱̨ϡ
ߺ˫һʽ𣿲ˣ
滹ûйǰʱ򣬸ߺȻֻأĺӸߺ֮б޾ĺɺĺȻϷ
Щڿ۳һѩЩײһ𣬾ȻһΪޡ
ŭ֮
ߺ鵭Įվһ˵
ȫʼĳɱ⣬ǵص³ѹȥ졣
ʲôıҵĻֻܹˮ³ߺеּһ֣еĻӵˡ
䡭
ײһ³𾪿ֵķ֣ԼĻȻڱ˫ۿ
ûԼĻȷڱ
ǻ״ı񣬲״ɫԼĻһ޶ֵľǣԼĻȻסˡ
ЩǵصԼѹԼ۳ɺԼ彥ıֱȫ¶˺
ѾȫȫĳΪһôˣֻĿıԽԽԼȥѾûʲôϣˡ
ǣˣߺȻǱ棬˫ἱٵĻӶ
ǸߺĵطЩ׷׵ıһɹɺ뵽ߺ֮Уߺȴһ·³
ڣߺվ³󲻹һ׵ĵط³ĺҲɶɺ뵽ߺ֮С
ʱ³Ѿ¶ڿ֮ˣؿλԵıĺѾȫʧˡ
ߺеʯ˸֣³š
³һ̣ʯϵҲѾȫתˣߺǵʮ׾Ű³ȴʧˡ
ֳʧֻܴһ⣬Ǵս֮ˡ
³֮УƮһ꣬³˫۷ߺ޵ĿŸߺСúݵģȻɱң
ߺɫȻΣʧ֮㲻ͬɱҲֻ֮֮֮
ţһģ³ŤգŸߺĵ
ߺһЦΪһ𣿡
ŭ֮
ߺһֱɱУ³ͷųǵصĺ³ѹȥ
ĺ˺ãֻҪĺסˣͲܳȥ
ҲɹˣǺ˲ͽУ³𲻶ϵĻζҪѳȥ
ߺ΢΢һЦʧ棡˵Ծȥ
һС͵ľ³ס漴ס³ŭ뵽棬ǿ˾ķ
̡
ߺ΢΢ôһ֣ʱŷȻڸߺԡ
ֵܣǧ֪³˭𣬴ˣ
һͣٵĹȻһ⣬ߺľȻƿˣһŻס³漱ٵķȥ
ֻһգ۵Ĺ򣬾ûӰ
ߺһ죺³򵥣Ȼǿ꣡
ֵǵ죬ĴˣŷЩп˵
ߺתͷʲô
֪³˭𣿡ŷʵ
ߺҡҡͷŷ͵³춼³ҵСӣ³³Ҽ谮Сӣ
ߺ˲ˣ³춼żļһҵʵ࣬ڽͱϹټҲһҡ
춼֮УһңһľϹңʵǶࡣ
ÿһλǺӾ磬Ϲҵļ˵ǲ¡
ԣŷ˵ߺˣϾ춼ôߣϹټҲΪһССĺߺ³ҹȥ
ߺ΢΢𣺡û£ȥ춼ȥһ£ȥ
˵߸ߺûУǿƱ񣺡֪ʮףڰ˰ʮ˭
дһ֡ޱ
ôô飬㲻ߣȴҪս𣿡Χһˣ˫
ߺ΢΢һ̣ʹҲ٣
ޱЦһ㻹ǹģϲе͹ұ֤սڼ䣬½˻ὫΧģͲɱ㣬ҲὫʬεġ
ߺһЦҪ೤ʱ䣿
ߺ֪춼ʮֵĿ㣬˵ͷɵͷĻʹϰ죬ɵĻÿƳһȦ
ŷ֣֪𣿡ߺŷʵ
ŷ㣺³Ҿ빫ѡĳغ͵ʮ̫ҹҲð죬³ʱûǶɳȥˣ
ߺʮֵĲ죺ô֪ģ
ޱſԼ˵ӣС죺ŷҿ춼֮һ
ŷ˵ͷŷҵˣ
ߺ˲Ȼֲе鶼֪ôأ춼û֪֮ͨһ
ˣȻĻҾ͵øӼӿٶˣ˵ţߺʼ֮
ŭ֮Ȼǿ¶ԽûŶǸޱڳһ˵ƣŸߺ˰ָ
ߺ¶һ˿΢Цޱָһָռ䣡
ո³ڣһɺ˲ޱߣߺӶ˲ޱߡ
ޱΪǺǿߣȻֻгףܹﵽǿģԿ۷ս
ߺʱŤ壬ߺһơ
ǣȵǣԼȻ޷ˡ
ʱߺѾݵĲ֮ϣ֮е޷Ը˵ˡ
ߺĵޱĲ֮ʱ亹ϸա


328 
ʯϸߺŵʮװ˰ʮʱ򣬸ߺ˲ԭʧתڴ֮⣬߳⡣
ߺոճȥʱޱҲܶˣСţݺݵĵɶĸߺȻģ
ôˣԱһʵΪҲǺǿߣǵʮװ˰ʮպޱ֮ϡ
ޱʵʮֵÿޱսʤθߺһֱŵޱĲϣޱȴû˿ķӦеʮֵľȡ
ѲǸСסˣǸӲ
ޱƳһۣɶĸߺܹʹһ˿ռ֮
仰ո˵ڣ˶ˣŷʲô˵ģ
һƭ𣿸ովСӽ˿ռ䣬һ˿Ӧǿɶ񣡡˵СŲϵĶŴء
ϴ¡¡𶯣ޱ
㣬Ҫսһ£ôδɵСѹҵͷأޱָŸոǸеģŭ˵
е˲˿ϣˣǰС̶ǰˣսοɵãֱӼˣԼ˰ʮǱסˡ
ŷûչⳡ־磬ŴŷֻںһؾܸԤռ֮ģûֻеĽ𡭡бҪȥһΣʾһ£
ЩȻ֪ռ֮ԣǲߣܹ򵽿ռ֮Ҳ޼ܹ򵽿ռ֮ģĪǲٮٮߡ
ߺЩ˾ȣ֮ʧ춼֮ڣû֪ȥ
ߺ֮󣬾Ѹٵѡĳطȥ֪Ĵˡ
Ȼ˵ոԼֵĺ⣬ûһǵģԼɱ³Ҽ谮Ķӣ¶ԷһҪġ
ȻûԼļӵжʾҲʼձϹټҲܶ࣬ϹټҵǿģֻǱô򵥣
ߺΪеϹټСȫϹټҵȵġ
ʮ׵ذ빫ѡزԶߺֽ˵ҪԼ
ԣߺʱ򣬼ʹոǼء
ûж˵ϻߺոշˣҽԼ뷨˵˳ߴ
ôҲ취Ͼ˶취Ҳܶࡣ
ߺ˵Ȼɱ춼³ҵе˶Цֹߺ߲ȱΣңǸߺĴͷ
Ǿֻһ취ˣȥߺĶǣҲȥȥأ
ָ˵ĲʧΪһð취ǡһָˣ³Ҳôøߺӳǵģڶ˵ڶָ
ǲҪˣ춼֮еϹټҵָʹֻҪ³ҵϹټңϹټеķһֻ·ɻС˼
ߺͷˣʲôܲܿ˵
죺ԲһˣҪȥ춼ȳУ±˲ſԣ˼Ҳôɡ
ЦˣС£ȥͺˣĵĶ顭
˵ţʹͷʮ׵ذȥ
ʮ׵ذ춼һԵĽԱźܶӴĽҲо񷿡
߽һӴĽĽʮֵأû˰֣ȴûһ˸ҿط·һһ㡣
˵ǽ˵һûʵĹڹģоĵ
ǾÿһһɫÿһжȪˮ
뾰֮󣬱һֱСģٴβԵİһ
󱻸ߺ뵽֪ʲô֪طʲôط
ߺûʣǵĸ߶߶˵ͣ˵ʲôߺȴһҲ塣
ֻɫ֪һܴ
ŵʱһ׷ӭ˳ͷϵͷѩףģһ˿ҡ
һѻƽӣͣԼĺӣӶ˳
˾һͨߣһͨͷֻ֮󣬻͸һ˿˿дƬĿռ俪ʼݡ
˲ͻعֻһӣƪĿռҲƳߺ
ߺһճǿֽѨɣôϹϼһ¶ˣǽһ˿ƣޱȼ̵Ŀռ俪ʼ
һ֣ĿռַˣΪ
ߺֻһ󶶶ԭǸͷȻڿԼСӣȷ㣬Ӳˡ
ߺ󺹣ͷҲòԾǸˣǸ˰
ߺ񺹣ǸͷҲԼ˵ǲԾˣˣ׵ĸ㣬һС裬˽ܳ峤ʮֵ𾪣ǲ֮壬֮ʹȥ
˲˵үүֻܳѣôɣο˵ưǲǡ
죬㻹ûг꣬ʵûдﵽԳȥĳ̶ϣͳȥȥ֪Σ𣿡ǸϷԲԵ˲ŭˣܵĿռֿʼı
Ǹȴ˿֪ǷŭߺоԼڲ˵¾ҪȥˣæʱĿ
ŶŶڳϷʧ̬ˣǸϻָ̬
ߺˣʧõ̬ûǿռԽԽ𣿻Ͽ޸Ȼˣߺȴֱ˵ֻö
ߺϵĻӶֱۣҪ߶ԷոǸһֱ۾ÿռ޸ΪϿʩչһ¡
Ǹ˼ȻϰӣţҲСһԺϷĹɣͷԼĺ룬ĵ˵ͷ
ߺ˲ԴĿ裺Ϊ˵˰ɣƨⰡ
ѣǸֽռָˣˣСһȥɣ
һȣһȥҲ÷⼸ȥ춼ȻĻһȥ边Ȼԭء
һۺ룺鰡Ϊǹæأ֪ɨжۣҿҲɨ
ߺͷ亹үүëɣɨ˵ôָʲô
˵ҴӦˣֻСһ׮ѣ˵ߴŸߺ˽˺ĴԺȻʮͷбͶҪһ
쿪ͷҪУռһ𶯣ѵļ
Ƿߺĵţû뵽ȴ˷
Ѫͳֻֻһ֣֮ʵҲǳǸ׶ΣҲס


329 
еһݵ㣬ֻı־ǲأǡõ飬ԲСӵģҪȥɣ
Ǹ˵ˣקסӣ˲ʧԭأԶҲǶ˵Ӱӡ
ߺ˲ˣֲһ·ôΣҳüģԭĴ۾ʧȥɣ塣
ȵʵһĳ̶һȥģߺа¶ģҲٶ˵
ոյߺһ˭
һˣڷͷ˵ߺʻҲ˵ֻǵƳһ۸ߺ㲻ߺ
ȵʱ򣬲ŷֶվŵˣߺʣæסߺȻĬĬҡҡͷ
ߺʶȤĲʻֻɫʮֵɻ
һڲ˵վŸߺһԱԾȥﳤȥ
ûȸߺʽ죬Ȼſ˫ȻȻĴ£彥˰Уڿм򶫱ǷȥǶ춼ڵĵط
ٶȷǳĿ죬ǲյʱ䣬ߺ˱춼
Ȼǽϵ˿֮󣬲ûѯʣҲûйӿзɹ
ߺЩ죬ǹԹԵıûʡ
һոǸ˵˭ôţߺ򽣾졣
ҾӦ֮ˣʵǲ֪ո˵˼Ӧǰ⼸͵춼֮ɣȷĵ
ĸߺļ򣺡̬ȣ㲻ؽ黳һˣԴһȺ߰壬壡
ߺԴǲ԰ҲɣĵλͣΪʲôǵ̬ȾͲһ
ߺĻҲЩΣһǲ֪֪֮УҲʶôһ⣡
Ȼòˣߺתۣ֮ܿȥϾȻѾ춼ǲǴ˾Ͱȫˡ
ߺ֮ڿǵڶ˰ɣӦûʮֵǿﶼĿ֮ɼһ˵ԱȺ۷ߵĸоöˡ
ߺֻôģҸоǸȻʵǿֻʱôʮֵأʱ򣬽ʵ
⣬ߺҲʮֵ֡
Ϊһ˵ʱǰ׷һֱС󲻷ţ֮еĽ䱸֮ɫߺǾȡ
ʹ۷֮һϹһˣȴһֻ˵Ľ䱸ʵߺ⡣
ߺ˵һ£뾰춼ȵĺϲ£죺ô˵СĸһֱǺӾ޵ˣ
ĿǰӦģһǳպûʲôرãߺ˵ͷϵ󻹲һԼĿɧ
Щ󺹣ߺһģֻһֵزŻֳԼһЩ쳣
ߺȻĵ˵ͷ֪ģȻѾҵĳˣǲٽտ߶ģİɡ
˵ߺͻȻֹס˵ˣĿ춼ķ
ߺһٶ˵ı鶼ˣôˣ׷
ĬȻҡҡͷ˵ҸȡССһﳤ˻᲻ǺҰ
ҵֽ˱ʾΣ磬ôС㲻ҪòãԳСһ𳤴ģ鶼غãôΪС¡
ǺǣոֻǿЦѣһգߺ֣ʾǸĶԼ˵
ˣΪʲôءؿڣһ
ߺֵʣΪʲô
ʮֵˣټϷɵٶȻһ࣬Ǵķʵ򶼱˶ͷ­ˡ
ϻȻһλ³׷ɱأϷһ˵
ߺʮֵĲ죺ѲҲۣ֮Ȼô֪³׷ˣ
ЦˣոջգͲǻˣҲ̱ϡ
˭˵ǻţովΪ³ҵĸ׷ҲŻյġߺһָźһ߶Խ˵
㿴Щ˻·أдһܴġ³֡
죬컹ֽڷ׷׵Ĵվƨ׷㲻˵׷ȴȻգҲǹģ
˵գ˿ʼս콫Լɫ˳ʸߺ˵ʲô׷ģôô죿
ߺһ߹ۿһ߻صŵҲһԴʵӦñҪǿɣ
ô֪Ҫ춼ģѲ˸ǵģֽЩֵʵ
ʱЩ˼ˣոչǽʱһʱһڿˮӦǡõһˣҵòȫˣ
ߺЩΣƾ³ҵԼ;ǳһطĲѣټڱʱ¶Լݡ
ôߣ˼Ҳ֪ոɵǲŹء
ǲȥ춼³֮˲һܲµȥ춼ߺ
üëޱ˵ð㣬֮˭һǸ᲻ǵĻһأ
ߺͷ˼ţ⵹һ⣡
ʲô⣬ǸͲܺòã
ڴֵڼ䣬Ǹ³ҵѾ׷ˡ
ǰţѾҰΧˣʶĿ־ܣһһ·һصߡ
ߺ˻ͷΧð׷ϣһңүɱˣң·㣬˭һ·أ
Ǹ˱ɫࣺڤ粻飬ǲײĲˣ
˵ţ˾ȻƣӶһŸߺǵʮֵǿռ䶼ʼ
³˵ˣߺʵʮֵǿԼкصʵǼһһʹ˺صʵ
û˵ߺԱߵʵΣԲǺܳɹһǵͱߺıǽΧסˡ
漴ƿߺıǽ񾪾ʩչǵƾϣͻƸߺıǽһЩ⽣񾪣ʣµ͸ûжˡ
ֽڵһĺϽͽǵƾˡ
СӣȻмͣһаɣ
Ǹ׳չȻˣ˫ֺ赣Ƭռ䶼һ˿˿Ƴ֡
СҪʹȫˣصʹȫҲûа취ֹ󾪡
ߺһһˣҪһȥȻһ³ұ𣡡
ռ


330 գ
ߺոշռǸ߾ͺȻֹˣеҲڵոյľֹҲʧӰ١
ʲôСոʲôռǸߴ󾪵Ҿ͸ܷŹˣȻĻ³ԺҪӭһǿˣ
˵ţǸٴߺԸ棺λֵܣҽʱʹԼǿ
ո˵꣬Ǹֶˣеۣܿռƽĳ֡
ߺ׼ᣬһռӳȥߺռӳȥʱ򣬽񾪣ŭֽڵĺϽ׷˹ȥ
һʱ䣬Ǹߵžֱ졣
ϧǣߺֻܹסʱ䣬ʱ֧ſ
˵䵽棬ȻԷһ˿Ƥûвơ
ߵĲʵ̫ˣһֻкһؾ磬ʹʵкǿǶԷʵʵĺߡ
ʵϿ˽صľ硣
ô죿ûðҲʮֵĽԷ׷ϣôʹиߺĿռҲûˡ
û£ȵ˵ǷʱͷţҽͲţ򲻵
ߺǹаˣ˵ǲĿǲݣ˵˾תţǼ⣬һҪһΣǸصΪֹ
Ǽһͷʱ򣬸ߺ˵ͷ
æͷԼǿһǸʱǼһոߺͬʱȻͷ˽ռ䡣
һɲǣռ뽣켸˵һͬߵǰռȽ֮סˣ˵˵ϡ
䣡
Ѿ˵ϣǸ˺һ鶼ûУվϣЦĿߺˡ
ֻ׷ѣôǱȣߣǿѾﵽ壬ǵ˵ͬһ㣡
Ǹ߶Ž˹Цң̫ǿˣ壬ôͻأ
ߺĶŶˣȻʵոյĻһ֮¾͸Ƶˣ
ţȻǲ׸ߺ仰ʲôãɻص
ߺȻԳһ˿΢Цô˵ʵûôǿֻ̫ǿ˶ѣ
ǸոյĿռƣֽʵʮֵڲģֻһĳ̶ȣռŻơ
ŶȻ˵ʵʵֻкأƭߺʹסȸߺĵĲʱͱԼһܻ񣡡
ߺ˵ͷУʮֵԸ׶ʵ˵ʮֵǿˣ׼èϷ
֪һеľ΢Ц˼ǱǶԿʱ˫ĵĲˣҲʱǰȫģ
ߺ˵ͷ²Ĳҵȷôģߣһ㣬ǻ꺣磬ҼǵһרŶԸľİɣ
Ȼ򣺡˵׶ͼ
ǵҪèϷ󣬻Ϸè˵ţߺȻҾ磬ð
ǺߺƮȥȻٶӰ첻󣬵ʤޡ
һŸ׶ͼӾͳУ֮ƣ
еӼ趯һɹɺɫӾ֮гƮȥ
˲ͽһһΧӰ棬ǺߣĺУô㣬ô㣬ѾɱˣҪ
ȻЦʹôѾҹҩˣҵʵ壬ɹĽ³ңֻһѡʲôô²ߵ꣬Ҫ
ѪƲһƬ򣬺ܿǸŷĺ߾ͳƬıڡ
ԭǻþǵȷеͣҪ콫ˡ
ߺ⣺֣
쵭ĵ˵ͷͷס˵տʼʩչ֮ơ
ߺʩչռ䣬˵Ķ˲ԭء
ֻһ벻ʱ䣬ͽռ⿪ˣǾ֮Ҳ֮
ոյȫӰˣȻһ󺿽Уžʩչ֮ƵĴԽԽ֮࣬ƵҲԽԽСˡ
Ǹ߾Ȼ˿ںˣΪѾ׿͸֮ˣþҲһȱ㣬ǿȷǺǿ󣬵ʩչĴֻ֮ҪǸ˲ͻῴ͸þ
֮þԴҲܴˡ
ǻʲôͣʩչɣ֮ѾҲˣҲķκһˣ
ǸҲˣߺ֮ƾΪ˺ķ֮֮ɴ಻ʩչκ
ʱ򣬸ߺ뾰ѾϺܳһʱˣҲһˡ
Ǹߺʱʩչռľʼήңʹ̫ˡ
ߺڿмٵ˼ô죬һҲһˣҲ汿ܹΪߣܹɵӣ
˼ʱ򣬾䣬ٴηһ֮ƣߺҪֹס죬ǺȻסˡ
Ǹֻñ֮ǰٶȷ˳
ߺһӶסˣ㶵Ŀ
Сʲô飬ұݳߺ˯С
СĿһȻȻȻΧŸߺܱܣڸߺĻɪɪ
һִ̣ӸߺĻ˳ϼ˯
ߺıȴԽԽˣԭߺߣҿҪùˣ
ߺ˵仰ʱģʹõı֡
ô𣿡ֽߺߣŸߺǰЦݣĵʵ
ߺҡҡ֣û£Ǽɣ
һ£첻ͬˣߺķ˲ɣѾٿǻˣʹʹʲôãֻͽѣ
ߺҡҡͷ㲻ǿʼɣ
Ȼ׸ߺʲô㣬Դʶߺһûյ̡
ߺôģɵҲĸǣã첻ǻΣһأ
˵ţʼʹӣݺݵ˳ȥҲܴ˵Ҳġ
ϾѾǺˣ⾳Ѿͨˡ
ǣҧгݵеӣߺԱ߽䱸Ǹߣһʲôʹÿռ
ģѾʹ֮ƣѾѽˣ̱ڵϡ
ֵܣѾûˣܺķ⾳ģ
ߺ֮֮УȻֻŵľһ΢΢һЦˣѾɹˣ
ߺ˵仰Ҳ˹ȥҲĵĲˡ


331 ڶ춼
ߺٴʱ򣬷Լһջ֮Ϣߺո;Լͷʹѡ
ոռ죬Լ뾰ʩչ˲ʮεĿռ֮ƣ͸֧ˣֻǵǸµȻ׹ȥ
浽ΪֹǾ˯ǿȲԼڻԡ
Ȼߺ͸֧Ǹߺȴûһ취Ϊûһ˿ԼҲûа취Ļָ
ʱߺȻԼĸ¡¡죬ߺ֪ԼһǺܳʱ䶼ûнʳˣȻԲᷢ״ġ
ߺ΢΢һ̳һЩʳߺߣľ׽֪˶٣ߺԼĸвڼʱ򣬱ֹͣ½ʳ
ߺԱ߿ȥС󲢲Լߣߺ²һ뽣컹ֽڳȥԶˡ
˸ߺǲôĵģһ㶼ΪأԲͬһ㣬ȥѰ
棬ûһֽ˴СˣСһ´ܵߺϣص
磬ˣоôֽڿߺˣʮֵĸߺߺ߼еʵ
ߺһЦûʲôֻ͸֧ӦûҪЪϢһ°µĲſܻת
ĵ˵ͷǸϿùȻĻǿɾΣˣ
ߺһô£ǲڶ춼ôĳӦû鷳ǰ
ҡҡͷ⵹ǣǱͷŵ˶춼֮⣬һСУ⼸пܻᷢ޳
ʲô춼֮⣿һ¸ߺ벻ͨˣ費˵ˣǷŽ춼ôֻǷڶ춼֮СﵽǶ춼춼
ߺһʵ̫żˣ̲סͷ̸оͷʹѣֲò¡
쿴ߺģæԸߺ˵㲻żȻûڶ춼Ǿ붫춼ܽˣӦǶ춼ĵ̣Ǹ⡭
˼һǾ˵Ҵ춼ʱ;Ǹͷ˵⣬ӦָͷǷŵ춼֮ĵطڷ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪôѲǸͷԭ򣿡ߺʵ
Ҳ²⣬Ǹһһ壬һȱӸ߰ԴĿˣһСô˵϶ĲԲ뱨ǵģ

һ֮󣬸ߺ΢УһǸһºһȥ˵ģǴûǸ³ҵĺǲûٸ
˵ֽ˾񣺡Ǵ֮ͷ֮ڿ־ʲôһڴһ׹ȥǸôûɣ
ߺô뵽ģɻ˺Щ˶ûףߺΪ֪֮ơ
ߺ΢΢ҡҡ֣Ǿ֮ƣǾӡǣֻоŴרſӡġ
;ӡǣټ׼ͳɭϣǿ壬Ծ֮ƶá
Ȼ֣δԲһƻþÿλþһ˿־Ӱ죬Ϊڳͷ㲻׷ˡ

ߺһֽͣˡ
ô֪ڿ־壿ʱһԴʵߺеתͷȥҿʲôʱѵģ
ֻڵţ۰Ͱ͵ĿŸߺʵ
ҸѣܸܲһԵģٽҷȥͷĺΰ˵ţסԼͷż˵
췭һۣͶ𣿶ˣǸ͸ߺ׼ʳߺ׼ȫˣ
ллӹʳҲû˷ߵĴϣ߳Ի˵һûأ
ߺΣȻ֪ǲھ£ͬΪС֪ԣԣŻЩݣ
ֽһԭ˵ı飺ֲأС㷴Ϊɵأǰѹǰˣ
ôģߺˡ
ߺ
ԭߺ˷춼棬ǿ͵͵ԸȻ˵ĲǺˣ⼸ѣԲûн˷ŵȫĵط
صط붫춼ǷͷˣֽǸոѣΪߵ춼ء
һȥɵˣ⡰춼춼ĲҲ̫ˣĲ࣬ʩǿǲһһأһһء
ҪѾȻֻҪƽʯ˵Ҫ
춼ûУǰֻʮسʿΪҲֻء
춼֮ǰʮƽ𣬽֮󣬸ֶҪʯģسŵк龳ڡ
ʲôʲôһһصĲ࣬Ȼһ
Ǽˣ⿴סȫȥֻ߲ˡ
ѯʵʱ˵³ǣ˵޳Ҫ³ǣе⸽һܡ
³ǣ︽ļеľܹܵöģȥǿ
˵﷽Բʮ֮Ϊ̵ĳǳأǳǺصľ硣
³ǵȳгֻһصľ磬޳ȻʮֵĴǿСĶһޡ
ǿжޣʲô̶ȵľͲö֪ˣֻ˵ԶĵطѾݻ˲УѵӶ·˵ġ
˵͵ˣԽҲʮֵż
Ȼ˵˵ʵǳǿ󣬶ԸһҲûУҲÿǶʲô׶εġ
һ˵ˣֻ˵жޣǵǶͷޣֻԶԸİֻĻǾͱˡ
һ˵кܶӶߣڳλץˣ֮кܶ˶ӵкǿĽ׶Ρ
ŸߺߵĻ̫ΣգϾֻֽл澳磬УڶԸ³ǺߵʱҲĺܴ󣬵ҲֻֽԼȫָˡ
ʩչ˺ܶ񾪣֮еʱѾľˣһ붼ûлָ
⣬ߺҲԣԼ˻ս֮ǳ˵Լ
Լ˱׸ټϳǳ֮бΪô˵ĿԺܴ
һȥɣҵͻָˣߺ˵ûнҪʲô
ڶԸߺģžֽڱķȥ
ոߺķԸǾûߺķԶҲȰ⣬ܹܿߺķͱܿ
Щִ̫뿪ģҲް취ˡ


332 С󾪱
ߺѾд㣬ûȪͼ֮еĻȪۣ֮ҲֻǸͷŵĺܹԼٵĻָ
ȻһļʱԼнԼ佩ĿܣǶԸߺһգѡһ涼ԡ
˵ʹ佩Ҳ붫춼ܽԼ佩ֻ֮Ҫв߹Ȫ֮ȡߵĻôԼͿؼء
ʱ佩֮䣬Ҳܱðɡ
˶ǰϧģԸߺ뷨޿ɺǡ
СӲı켸˴ˣСֺǾܵΪ
֮߳󣬸ߺǰöָóһöǷӡŻȪ֮۵öָ
ߺСĽǸָһռѷ죬һɺϯķǹɺԽȸߺŭ֪֮߳ٱ
ֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬رʲô¡
ߺɣ۹ż֮бӡĲ߲ѷȪͼķѣʮı任˵еĺѾһƬˡ
ʹû˻Ȫͼϵǿ飬Ȫ֮֮ģǷͼȻƬżգ֮ǿ
ڸߺûôʱȥЩĿʼڻȪ֮֮зĺɺǧҪˡ
ߺ˷áջ˲䱻Χˣκζ˶ӽá
ҿһʼúʱ򣬽æȥˣȻȻ治ɡ
ߺܿʼĽҪȫϱʱһë׵ĶȻ͵شܽ˸ߺĻС
ߺƾһ˿пȥֻСĻУ̰ǰĺߺ߳һ˿Ц
̰ĲˣһẦްСȻ㲻³գߺ˻ԡ
Ȫ֮֮зĺȻԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽۼκʱҪ춼Ҫۼ
ƽʱ򣬼ʹְռʮǾԲģβÿһһΣҲۼһΡ
Ƿӡջ㲻ռˣǱȴ˲١
ֻ֮ǲкһµΣֽҪӲȥˡ
Ǻ۳ɵıȻһ˿ûУЩ̾Ҳ˵õģӦղ˺ˣ
Щ㶣Ӧô죿
ʱ˸˹ôˣʲôˣô£ջôˣѲѾ޽𣿡
ԱĴкãˣãܲܲξǾֿޣ
Ǹ͵תɶ˵ɶ
ǳһ˲䣬ֽڲûˣã˫ҪҳڶôĶѣ
СҪܲܲμǵľӣԿ޳ΪҶ춼³Ǳƽأ
Ǹ룬Ȼָһ¼˵Ϊ˵аȫҪμôǸģ
ָž˵ģܴܲްΣղоͳɣ
Ҫĳ嶯˵ӣԸһĻ߻ǲڻµģ
ȻʹùȣǲҲʧˣƾ˵ɱһˣɱҲʲô¡
ԣǸָֽڶž˵
ε˵ЩΪˣ
զˣֻҪУҾӮ
ʵ޿ˣ㡭
¾컵£Сų˵ҪֵΪͣԸһص߶ʲô£
μٵΰ˵ôţսǶ£ǹƽǸһ֣ʿȫˡ
һӹǸ׵ĴսӢҲҵˣӢû
Ǹһ֣һʿߺ󵨣˭ôݵģҪýˣҿҲ׽ڱǰɺÿˣ

ֽڼ˲˾ж޳Ŀս컹Ӹߺƭǧ¹ף߼á
޳ٵʱʱ򽣾ȻָˣǿȺǿߵǸָ̾Կ硣

ߺԴӱӡ֮󣬱һֱŬպϣһԽЩ꣬Ʊ
öָͱˣֻһ˲ֵĳ˵ǺǿˣԹܹƿ
еСĵľȻûб⣬ſڸߺĻоľ
ԭС󱻽챧ˣǻȪ֮۵ĺһСǷһ㣬ŽֿҧڴĻѶ
Ѹٵߺߣ˽ȥɹĻصߺߡ
ĺʮֵĸߣߺֵǣСûа˿ӣƽʱӵĻ졣
ڱߺҲ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ӦòǺܶˣȴûеһ˿Ƶĸо
˵ڱӦøеƲǣΪϾ޵Ŀռ䣬޵ĿںĵĺܿŶԡ
ǣߺ޵Ŀռ֮пʣʮֵĳ档
ϵպߺͻָˣʮָߵĺΪҲѸٵǿ
ЩǸߺҩһ㣬ûһ죬ߺо춼ΪĶҪ졣
Ȼʲôԭ򣬵Ǹߺ񲢲ʲô£Ӧ˵Լһ־˰ɡ
Щ죬ǸߺΪСΪҲӡ
ԭСֻǻ׾磬ЩȥС󾭹պΪȻøߺĶĽ
ģôûֺ£ں֮Ϊ͸Ƶģٵķߺһ߷ɧһ߸
ɲ뱻һֻ
ҿСΪͣڻ۷ʱ򣬱㲻ˣǺ˯ߺһҲ۵ʱ򣡡
ߺʮֵæµһպΪԼǿΪһú꣬һú壬⡣
νʮֵæҿ޴ı֮УǺԴԴϵ֮зȥ
һ죬ߺҪͷʱһ޺𽫸ߺѡ
æ֮Уߺæ۾ԼеСѾԼĻˣվǰĿռ䣬ŭ
Сɵ֮в֪̺ŶôǿȻŭ𣬻ôһСĿռ֮С
ϵƽڽʸߣߺڲΪʲôʱ᲻պſ˯Ѿ㹻ĺͻء
ֻСȫѩɫëëڲϵ֫Ҳڲϵֱһϸ
Уе͵رߺû뵽Сܹı仯ڱ仯ȵĺϲ£졣


333 
С󲻶ϵŭԲ˫ԽϬխϸѩɫëֻצӽִһֱ۴ϸǵֱ۴ϸ
Ҳٴγһ˶ߣԼһװ˵ĸ߶ȣߺСҪܸоеŤ
ֻȮݽ¶ͬţһ˶׳βϵİɫëըͬĸһ㡣

Сı仯ֹͣߺˣСڵı仯С龳ӣܰ۷ߺסĸ̾
໡
ߺ˵ͷţӦǹǰԩˣǵģ½ޣôܻôأ

Сͷһߵͷһ߽лߺͷϽһκˮ٣ǹûˣ̶ֳˡ
ߺڱ֮ϣպϣܹճأϾֽڻо˻档
Ǿ죬ڻˣĶôܹڲ֪ɶж޳أ
˵ȫǵͽ޻˵һЩ¾Ǹ߽ޣǿɾĲˡ
ߺľպԱߵСʵ˺ܶ࣬ڸߺĲſ£һſ

³ھ޳ȥѾˣǴ޳ϮΧҲǺܴ󣬲ҿнֽˡ
ΪоȻһͷڵޣǳ⣬϶Ҫ޽ǹơ
ֽڶ˾кǿʵԽֻ޻ˣȴûа취ɱ
Ͼ޵ʵҲô򵥵ģ˵ͲͨԱģҪ˵ܻкܶ׵ޡ
Щʿڳʮ죬޳ȥˣеҲþˡ
³ȻѾеɫˣģϾ˶ȥˣ֪ʲôʱܻ
ڸߺڵǼҿջǵĽأҲصڣʿȥ￪飬Ҫһ浽ʲô
ǣһȥʿȫڱˣ֮Щʿɹ˳
߳ʱѾԼˣǼ˾ҧΪ˿µ佩
ҶЩʿǰΪǶߣ׵ıƷˡ
޳ȥֽ֮סˣѾʼȥˣ˵ڸߺߣǵòģԴȥһ¡
һЩʯѾǹĽˣһʯڻ¡
󣬽Ըչ˾죬Ҳˣ˵ȥĶתתȻ취Լʵ
Ͼ˭Ҳøߺ̫Զˡ
Ψʣûлָľ³ǣ֮æ˹ֹ˳ֺ׹ܣݵĿΪ
Ȼ֪ߺ۵ЩǴӸߺʱεһ滹ǿԿЩô򵥡
˾ֹǳҲջıˣǽΧһºΧǽÿ춼ʿػ
κ˽ӽϾʱʱľͿǽӽ߶佩ȥԼ³վһһǡ
һ죬һڳлǮǮȵȣһƽһ㡣
ʱ򣬷ӡߺǿȻ˿˿ѺۣţѺݱѷ죬ķм
Щм裬ͬѩһ㣬עĿе˶ͣסеĶʼעſе䡣
ڶ춼ѾǴˣ⣬ľѿ£һƬô⡣
ǣȻѩе˶˾ţб䣬һпµҪ
£ټϢİ£޳оʮ죬ѾָĲˣȻûȫָʵѾָ߰˳ˡ
߰˳ɵʵܹͺصһ֮ɱҲʲô¡
ԴӾָ֮Ǹ׳ճһ֮˸׺󣬼ڳдϢ
ϾʮֵأһҲǻָ߳ɶѣָ۷壬ǻҪһʱ
ǳʰһ֮󣬹ȻԾʵ࣬쵱׵һǾһϳ
գڳ¥ϰϯһ߹ͷ羰һ֣ҲϾĿζҲûƴǡ
Ȼ䣬䣬ԭʵ쿪ʼʿ˵ƮѩǳϿնڱˡ
컺һھƣʮֵ˵ѩôЩϤ
ţһ䳹̹ǵĺӿջķϯ³ǣոճѿľȫͻˡ
쵱ȻҲܵɺеľƱ۵˵£ʧڳ¥֮תǿջ֮ء
ֻߺһֻѩ׵Ĺվڷм䣬˫ۣɢǿƣɢ𶯡
ռҲ֮΢ٿߺΪȻȻѾǺǿľ磬ֱԾ
ǰǺһؾأתһ¹ȥˣȻס
ߺ˫˫ֱƲ񷣬̫˼֡
޳ʼ𣿡Ȼߺ˾죬߳һ˿΢Цеľʵ
ߺ˻һӯʼƨ㲻˵ҪָôĳΪˣ
ߺεһЦвɵЩп
ԭҲû뵽Ȫ֮۾Ȼֻͷųһ˿ȻЧ
Ȼûһδ󣬵Ҫ˵ͷųȫһοԱġ
ߺôԼȫ飬ǣԼȻһĺŽס
ôȥߺһʱ仹ڻָơ
ߺݺݵĺһ֮е¶ѸᣬǵȻһЩѩڵϡ
ڵΪʲôزˣ̲סʵ
ߺԼȭͷӦڣüΪǿĺ壬ʵӦøǿһЩĻǿ׶ΣǣεĺõܴʵӦò̫ĻӦҲһʵ
õõãԲ˵ˣ˼еѾǰɣһӵ
ֵƴƴսȴȵΪ㲻ò˼𣿡
ߺֻЦЦ֪ڿЦҲǺ⡣
ֽأߺӳʼʼûˣ̲סʵ
ᵽˣд˿ڣһԼȥˣȴӶ⣬ǲֵܣѣһûУ
ԽԽеɲס˼ߺ̳
ǣôأûһֵݣԺܶǡ
źȻˣҲܺߣʲô
£ⶼһˣǽҡ
û粻Ծæ˵ȵȣʲôһˣ˵ʲô


334 ޳
Ҽǵһ갡ߺȵ˵Ȼ£ǸߺȴúԼһꡣ
æԲԣϴ޳Ź˲һ£ôһأʱƫҲ̫˰ɣ
ߺ˫ۣʲôһ£ǵһʱ䡭
쿴ߺȻţһ֣ǽˣΨΨŵŵվǸµһ󣬸ߺ֮󣺡Ż֣ʲô˼ң
³ǵĳСȥˣһæͣλүһ¡
ǳܴߵĹˣ³ǵĳǰǰᣡ
ǸҲһ֮ߺ˿ֿ˿죺̵İɣ
ǣǡҺ͸ɵ³ǳǻ¿æԸߺ˵
ŭȥģ˭ɵ˵ˣȻĻӿ治Ź㣡
ڡġʱ򣬺Ȼһʿ˹ϳ
ܲˣ˭ϳǸ˵ˣȻҽŪ
³ǳ˻֣˵ʲô飿
ǰŵʿΨΨŵŵĿһ۾죺ǰ޳ط
ߺüͷһ壺ʲô޳
Ҳɫһࣺ޳ǰﳣ𣿡
³ǳҲ¶־֮ɫ˵ȻɽܽҲкܶǿޣһĻɽһǲģԴпɽ
ߺ뾰һۣҪ飬ͱɽһˣ
ε޳ôأ³ǳæʵߺҲת޳෴ķȥ
и֪ɽжεûʲôߺʵ
³ǳߺʻټϸߺǸ޴ƥһĴ󹷣ӦǴ󹷡
СȻֻǶ׳ΪӴһ㶼ҷæش
ɽԲǧʯǿҲкܶ࣬һǲҽȥģΪһ޴ɽ壬ΪЩ˶ڱ
뵽Ǹ³ǳ΢΢һ٣ߺСԴС죺ءһͺ
˵з˲ݣ˵˳ԺΪǸ³ǳæ˵ȥַɽһ֮أ޹ǿұûнȥȴ˶סˣԷ˷֡
ߺ˵ͷˣҲóˣ
ո˵꣬окܶߵӰӺХǲߺ϶кǿΪ
߰ɣɣȻһĻҸҿ϶ëûˣߺ˵ŴСˣСȻʼıС
һܿʼȣҪ֪ܹɱСԼ޺٣Сſڸߺļϡ
ߺ뾰ڿն޵ķߺǰӦˣԴžǰǸطȥ
ڰУߺǰӡԼΪҲкǿΪһС
ڿڷɵǿ߷׷׵䵽ϣʼ¾ǰޣߺ뾰ȻС
һ޵ǰߺе٣ȻѸٵ£ٶȿ˶塣
ո£ߺǸطʧˣٳֵʱѾһ޵Աߡ
ոյǸڸߺֵ˲䣬̱ڣŵҲһ׵ĵۡ
һ޵ߣеɨȻż㣬ٴ˲ʧոսżĵͬϳˡ
ߺӰϵĳսÿһطÿθߺӶһֻ
ϵС˯ʮֵ̤ʵƾŸߺȻһļûС
ЩΪҰޣʮǿҰޣ˲Ľ׶ΣΪߵľȻǶ׳׶Ρ
ЩɽҰϸһԶԶĶͷϵķҲԶʼ߷ɹЩҲǧֻϣ⻹§˵
սҲʮֵӢ£Ȼûлָȫǲʹʲôرǿû顣
ߺһοôģ޳ֱǵء
ϵķҲˣжȻ࣬һЩֳ֣߱һڵսһڿս
е̫ˣ鳱һӿ̤ЩڱܶһΧ˲仯Ѫĩ
ս쳣Ĳ̣ڵڶߣ˶ʮ֮󣬾Ȼʼսˡ
ߵͲֻ࣬ˣȻǺߣкǿҲаˣǶ⿴Ķ޾ͷ
֮£ֻܲϵĺѰǽڳǽϻ΢Щȫıϡ
ߺȴûǣӲʮֻΧǿ˵Ҳ̫ġ
еϵ䣬ϵɥ
ģߺеĵӶڴ󿪴ϣ΢΢Ӷ䣬ɥ
Ҳ׷ˣһֻޣҪɵ׵ĵۣȴûгֵۡ
󣬲ûκε۵ĳ֣֤ߺԽԽˣԲװ׺ķãʡԼ
¾ǸߺԸҲһΪűս˵ҲԶ³ȥ
³ǳǽϣµվһָʿԼĹ׼ãһЩԶߡ
һ濴޳΢΢Щɬ⵽׷ʲôˣݼǧ֮ڶûз޳
ǽʱ򣬷׷׷ȥһڳǽϣĶȥУ׼еһټ
ȻߺҲУɢεҲȻǽϷȥĿһޱߵ޳Щ̾Ҳû˴ģ޳
Ҫ˵ȴһҲģ˵Щ޸ͲҪκ˺ڶ˵ߣ޳Ǿסġ
˿ǳ֮оֵǣߺЩΣϾǽֽĳǳأǴûμսȷǶԲλֵܣξɣ
Ա߾ȵĿ˿ߺ˵ʲôʲô
ߺ¶һ˿΢Цĳǳأ
˵գߺ̧ԾǽϵĳǶϣ޾ޣһ
ɣҲҿڵ׵ʲô׶ˣСȥػ죡ߺСԸ
СգСɵһԾ˾ߡ
첻֪СʵߺС³ĺȫܹĺǿߣ֮ڵĺǿҪܳȥ
ڸߺĺߺоСĺӽӽȪ֮еĺ


335 춼
ߺ΢΢бѾȫȫްΧˣûһߴˣЩȫɵ˳ǽ֮ϡ
ɱߺȻһֱֱȥڰеƣڿж£еĵ߾ͷ
䡭
ߺ䵽ʱ򣬸ߺĵݺݵڵϣһʮɵĵ۴ӸߺŵĵطʼǰȥȫȥҲкܶڸߺһ֮¡
⣬³ǳˣվԱߵľ͵ļ򣺡˵ǲеα
³ǳ⣬æ˵Ҳң
ʲôңȥȥҪ˵һѷϻˣֻҪԼڵʵѣߺߵ
ϵ˼λǰڻûʹȫʵ³ǳΡΡ˵
˼һ£Ҳ֪δͻƵǿʱ򣬾Ѿôǿˣ
ո˵꣬ߺԭ͵ɨһȦһȦȫڷ
ߺż㣬бȥڰУеӣһֻֻޱΣصʱѾոǸطʮԶˡ
ʮɵľ룬һѪ·ߺն˳;Ǳεޣһ
նߺ߾еĵȻͨ죬ͷϵ·޷𣬸ߺݺݵ˳ȥ
һεĲʼӸߺĵطɢⲨ޷׷ױڣתۼ䣬ⷽԲʮɱˣѪҺ޵ʬɢһء
ߺһΪԼΪʹնȴĺ;ŭˡ
ŭѩȻɽ֮ⲻһʱ䣬Ϊʽдȵ
ǣҪʮֵĽӽ춼ʮֵŨԿռҲʮֵȹ̡
Ӧռȹ̣ʽҲɷȼԸߺ˵ڵնѾŭˡ
СӣǵԣĵԡľŭˣŸߺ
ôˣԱ³ǳСʵڲʶλֱǸүǸүôλСеģܲү
ߺ¶һ˿΢ЦϵۼܵĿռ佥ʼ𶯣΢𶯸ĳɾҵ𶯡
ߺ˫֮оһɱ
һĻӳһεĳ˲ӸߺĵлӳȥӪ֮зȥ
εĳʮֵǿ󣬽ռ䶼ǳĵطռ䶼ʼҵ𶯡
ɢ޵ʱ򣬷Բ֮ûκһֻˣѩʩչĻܹԻһǳء
кݣݵģ澰쿴Ц
ʱԱЩŮ߶ԸߺͶȥĽ밮ĽЩЩ壬ЩǼʡ
ҲЩ޵Ҳ͵ˣʱкȻһһһͷڷ绢˵Ϊкǿֻꡣ
ӵм˧ǳڷ绢ҲݣڿһУ춯أը׹
ǵذʮ߰ˣֻҪǾоˣеתпȥֻڷ绢˫֮ĽĿ⡣
ڷ绢ޣɷ죬ԣ绹Ҫϼֻ֣ڷ绢ֻжڣӦǴСġ
УһֻСϻѣСһȻ֪СʲôȽ׵ޣǴοӦõͲˡ
С̧̧ͷ˿ֻݵĳڷ绢һεӣ
ɣôǹ˫ַԭΪСɹ֮Ӧöǹء
ϣܹͺСûʲôı仯
СҲǶˣսֻڷ绢ӦòʮоͻᱻС
Ǿ뷨ȴ֪Сڷ绢ʮУһںĽˡ
ֻڷ绢˻ߺȻˣͣԼеĶ濴ȥذʮ߰ӦǶ춼İɣ
ߺϵɱ̫ˣʹͣˣܵ޸ΨΨŵŵĲǰ
һأ춼ʮ׵жǿ󣿡ߺ¶һ˿΢Ц˳һһֻޡ
֪ô£ŸߺɱԽԽ࣬ľȻȫǶޣʵڲѲɽ֮еȫܳɣ
ѱ޺٣ǰȥЩޣ˵ţǸپͼųڷ绢嵽еȺ֮С
һʼֻˣ˧ˣûע⵽վȺʬ֮еĸߺǷ֮У¿ȥʱָߺţһƮһһ޵
ţ춼˴ڣô֪ʵҲӦǵʮ׵Ľý߰Ϊʲôȴʶ
вסֹΪߺ̫ˣֻʮ߰꣬ΪȴкǿһţһǾǸȼġ
èģҵˣܵˣֳһӰ˵ΪǺǿ۷壬ٲ࣬гһ˳ǹ
ǣǹǷʮپʮˣ˾
̾Ƕ춼Ĵô춼ذϵһסˣ
ذʮ׵ףÿһ춼Լǰ׵ˣȴҲ춼Ҫ׼
æͰæôϻʲô滹һֵģĵ󿪴ϣÿһһ£ֻ˲
һ˵еľǹǷȻˣ׼ҲԹԵı졣
оˣǵذʮĵ˵˵ΪѾߴصĽ׶Σоˣ
ߺЩ֮Ҳͷ˿ȥȻΪʮֵĸߣǺصΪ
ˣڸߺҲô£˵Լв
Ҳ˸ߺ˫һУһǰͼ˲
ٵĻеĵ·ɣߺǸȥһ·ȥĵûӶһ£ռһ¡
ǰߺˣеĵӶռһ£Ҳϵߵ
ڣ˾ɱ¾棬ʮֵᣬֻʮ壬עŸߺңңԡ
˭䲻ʮ߰ˣΪʵȴ˸ǿӦýذѲˣһޣĶŸߺ˵
ߺҲǵһЦΣǶ춼Ͳ𣿡
˵ţһȭһֻϣ̻ķмһƬѪԱ߷ȥ
ǵǣֻǸŶȶѣ˵
ߺ̫ˣʮ߰˾ʹ򵽺ǿģʹĽûٶȡ
ʵϾͲˣ˵ںǿʱܹһĺսڵû˿Ҳͬ


336 Ϯ
սһΣ²ĶԸߺ
ߺһ죺ǵһɣΪϾв˵Ķˣ
ոֻԸߺȤˣûںԱߵޣڸߺһ˵źȻе㲻ԾЩ޷·ڿ־ʲôŵȺ궯
ɫһ䣬ӦȥоԶһǿڿǹΪΣա
ңٶȼ죬ֻһе˾Ͷоˣе˾ֵĿǰ֪ʲô
໡
ӳһͷСţһСǣûëǺɫƬ˫Ѫɫģβɨռ䲻ϵ𶯡
ޣǣʱϳֻǵݣǣ˵ǵƬܹ¹⣬¹·Ϊǿ
ȻΪޣսʹǺ߶ܹӮ
ңϣпȥһԲڿлҫڳѪɫĴϣȻӳ˺ɫ
ŭһȦȦշķ޷׷׵ضȻıǵˡ
޿ûôôԼ˼άɱǿ־壬ȴͬ
ԽײУҲԽײп񱩣ǲǰǵѣǵԼǰһɶǵˣһɶᱻ
춼˽ܵ飬޶УߺЩ̾
ԸˣС˵ʲôأÿУֻʶ̶ѣͷ޾ͽҽˣ
˵ţеĵϵķתҲǿĵǷȥ
ٴŭһȦȦɣЩȫɢȻȥ
³ǳǽ֮ϣӰȻ֣ôͻ˾ǺΪһ㡣
ͷ˵ͽʲôʱϵ㿴ҵͽܶӲˣԱǸͷ΢ЦĶԶǸ˵
˵ͷҲ̫˰ɣͽֻһֻССս͸˳ˣ˵ҵͽѾΪҹ¥ĵҹˣͷм˵
˭֪ҹ¥ǲ춼ĺǿһڶϱĴ춼зֲܲͽܽȥ𣿡ͷӲм˵
˵˵ϼһڳ¥֮ϾȻģܵ˶Ŀ˳ܣһ˵Ҳ˵
ʲôⰡ
ĵһ˵ԭ⬲μӵҹ¥ֻǷֲܲ춼ͷ˵ܲҹ¥ǵڼҹˡ
춼ҹ¥߸ȽĵӶ߸Ϊǿҹû֪Ϊֻ˵һոս𾳵ߣҹ¥
˵ǿҹ¥ĵҹһŮӣҪȢΪޣŽȥģųġ
Ӵ֮˱˵ǱгһҪ

òףһ֮кȻһУһڿУͬΪҲࡣ
ͷںڵͷ˫ֱ磬սЦ
עĿıĶͷһڰߣ˿ʮֵ졣
ߺЩ̾Ҳ
ҿ㻹ǱŶԸˣ㿴ܰɣûкϻǴһ֡
ҲǿˣһȥȻˣûл֮
ÿһǸϵƬһ£Ȼմ¹⣬ϸûа˿Ƭ
Ŀʿʮ׵һΪʮֵǿ󣬾˵ĹʮֵأüĴһĿܹ˵㣡
˽ܣߺǾòһ˾˽ͣʡԼĴˡ
ںϼһȻͣסˣµĿսôˣôϵǿ޹Ѳɽб䣿
ͷҡҡͷ֪ˣȥ̽һ̽ɣ
š
˵ŵʱԶȻһУһֻɵֻ۾ſС͸Ƶģֿȫܹһ񷿡
ȻӰһֻǰ޾˲ͷȥǺͣδ졣
ɽ󸣡ߺҲһɽǺǲĴڣһǿ
ѾˣѡɽɣǱһ˭ܹȽɱһǾˣʿ
ʿ˵ͷãԸֻôҾˣ
˵գʿƣɽͷȥ
ô򵥣ͷһеʿƶȥҪԼĸС
ʿ˫һ֣һ˺֮ͷ˺ȥ
ﬡ
һͷѸٵĳأʿҲϷȥ
ã桭ͷ˵ţгȥ
Ҫôż㿴ٶòãͷסͷָս
ͷսȥֻʿµǸλ棬Ȼһߴӵ
߳ʮɣֻ۾ɢź⣬ϳһƬƬɫƬſǳ죬潻
ޣˮôᣡһʿûôˣȻԼսһ˽ʵûж飬ֻĻЩˡ
ţأһֻ˰ɣߺȻϿգеһǷˮݺȥ
䡭
ǿҵĳɢȥضʼޱɳƷɡ
̫ĸǱǿĳѹ࣬ˮǱߺһˡ
ӴѹޣߺǱ߸ߵȥ
ʮ׵ĵʿΪĸ֣Ȼֻܹ޲£ǿ£
ţϣܹΪĴڣʵսҲֻ˰ɣ
ǣǿĸˮս꣬ȻΪȴܹڷˮҵĹ£סԼʵҲܹȵģ
ָŸߺȻߺһδεڷˮĹ֮¸߸ߵķɳȥȫûʲô˺ۡ
Ҳ˵ʹڷˮĹ֮£ߺסԼֻһͲ
Ҫ֪ǷˮÿӶһβͣռҵһΣҲͺ͵һ㡣
³ĸоˮԼ˵ǰĻ»ûˮսͱ𶯵ɡ
ߣһѣҽֻ㣡Ҳ㿴ʲôʵʿЦ
ߺҡҡͷʿƸĻ治ôԼȻԱ˵һû԰޳ܵļһ
˵գߺҲ룬ֻһδεֵˮĹȴûлṥ


337 ʮ
ߺһδεķɳȥߺҲٵаںƣӭսˮ
ȻߺһδεķɳǸߺûһƵģߺһδβ֪ƣˮ
ˮҲױˣ˫֮еĺԽԽʢÿιҲԽԽǿ
е㲻Ծɣڳ¥ϣǸɫĵǸԸķˮӦǱɽǻҪһЩޡ
ͷҲɫࣺôҲָоôˮͷ޻ҪǿһЩأ
ͽܶԸͷˮĻһû⣬Ϊ̫ˣͷ˵
ͷЦЦһأ˵ΪӵҲʧΪһõѡҲõģΨһһ߶ѣ
Ҫñ֪Ҫͽܣֵ֪÷ʲôأ罫ͽøҰɣͷЦ
ҲЦͽܻ˳ЦƵͽܾͲ֮𣿸οո˵СһﲢҶ춼ˣ
ţϧһӰǿпͨصʵʵѵãԽԽЩп
˭ǵʦ赶˼ҶԱ֮ƫأǲ֪ô£
˵Ļûñе˶֪ǽƺΪʵǳߡ
±Ϊߣ±Ϊˣص۷ǱΪʦ
Ӹո˵ĶԻԿǸΪƵˣӦǳϵߣǸΪڵ͸ǳصΪ
Ϊʹڶ춼ĳжټ
Ϊ֮Լĵὥ߽һ׶ΣڳԼǷԼĻµξ޷˵Ϊġ
˵һʮֵǶΪһ׶ΣҲ˵ߵĽ׶ζŬǱޣֻе˶֪ʲôطǱޡ
ذ֮ϵˣЩ˸ոͻƳ֪ȥʲôطˣеĳص˵ʵ߲Ǻ٣ֻͻƳ֮Щˡ
Щֱӵ֮ϲ򾳽磬ȻΣգǾǳܽҶҲкܺõá
Ϊ˵֮ϻһ죬мһʮص壬Ϊߵ֮󣬻Ϊкܴĺô
ǣ̫˵ĻҲǿƻ˵ϻ˵ɺܴ˺
ͬʱ峤ʱִ֮Ȼɴȵ˺ͬҲ塣

ϧˣǵʦ赶һֱǷߵߵģȻĺӡԣʲôˣϿǼһ˵ţȻ𾪵ŷˮ
ôˣͷ֪ʲôˣæͣʱ͵עͲϣĿɿڴǰսȥ
𾪵ı֪սһȵˣҲٵתͷȥҪôˡ
սôãߺҲΣڣߺȻͣ˿У߳һ˿΢ЦԭͲʲô޷ˮֲҾأ
ϹޡԣߺһˮݣҲ˱仯
ԣ֮һҲѪȽϴ֣˵׵һĳ̶ȣԱ仯
˵Уһԣڵƿնȥ֮󣬹˰꣬ͻףҲɹû
Ӵ֮󣬾Ҳû˿ԻɵΪܳ˵Ƿ񻹻ţû֪
˵ŵĻ֪ʵѾʲô̶ȣǲ߶Ķְɡ
֣˵еӦߣͷǣצǳڣȵֻצ֮Ҳ˵ϻɱˣŶֻڣ
ߺһ˵ϵı仯ԽԽˣѾȫ⿪Լķӡӿֱӽ뵽Ҿ硣
ֶʹޣǱ޻Ҫ׺ݣټѪͲԤ⡣
˵һͷԻᣬдǱʡ
ȻĿǰͷֻǶףʵߺȷпܴﵽ˺صľ硣
Ȼ˵ԼΪѾǿǺصʵȻ£ǴǱǸ³ҵ׷³Ĳ֪ôһһˡ
ڵĸߺ˫֮۰ףҲͫףǣ֮ͫȴǺʲô״棬ߺĺɫͫ׷ֳݡ
ΪǸ״ʮֵģԿ壬Ȼ֮ͫ󣬷ظӵĿ־塣
ڸߺܲǺΧƣǷԲ֮ڣѩѩǴǰѩĶʲô˱
ǸߺҾ磬ܵѩǺɣڵĸߺҾǿ˺ܶ࣬ȻܹںϵҾ֮С
ߺɢǿϢƣ׼Уǳǽȥ޶ٶ֡
ߺһʧУڣѾûбҪˣΪҪȫȫĶԸ㣡
໡ХȻͷձͷѾӵԼǡ
ͷӦöģͷӦɽ֮еޣԵʳ󣬶ֻʳõȽ׽ϸߵޣſԲϵĽס
ͬģͷ˵һģֻҪԵֻ֮ǵʵҲõ൱ߡ
ǣɽ󸶼ȺޣԵĵвǣϴһһͷ޳
ΪʳͷҲǷѾˣȻ׳Ƶĸųˣ˭ûǻأ
ǣͷû뵽ʵǿߣҲΪǲȫԿЩܡ
ͷԺ֮󣬻ƿʼɢȻߺ£ʵѾﵽ۷ˡ
ֻ޸ܵƣкⱩϵĺʿ޷赲ʱѾޡ
ߺǱܵУǰϹԣ滹ͷʵȺصޡ
ߺϵıٵתܵĿҲԽԽ䣬ģ·ȻʼˣҸߺ֮ɢĺҲڲϵĽ
Щޣ˲ͱЩǣԶı棬ǸߺԸ⣬Ȼٽ⿪ˡ
ޣܵͷҲĸһ㺮
еʿȵȫסˣԲʮȻѾȫˣ⻹ǸߺԼѣȻʮ⡣
ǡ
ȻǱסˣǸߺΪޣǿκûк֮ǿͷϵĺѿбڰеˡ
ǵȻñڵ£ǱζɲܣŬĽӴ⡣
ߺһ˿΢Цöˣٲôˣ


338 
ܵ˸ߺƣϵСȻվ¾ļСɵצӴڳǽϡ
ЩŮ˫̱ΣÿɰŶҶǺˡ
ţСŭСɵ֮Уȴ˾ŭ
弱ٵʹ֮ϵëҲʼеСĺж
ֻǶ̶̵һӣСͳȫ壬׶ߣ˫Ŀ͸¶˸˸׹⡣
Ůһ·Ӧˣ
Сһмı飬Ȼڿշߺܶȥ·ϵϵĶޣСȥһڱ㽫֮ҧˡ
ߺȥ˸ߺߡ
Сʵǽ֮ϵ˿ˣû뵽ոջСɿɰһֻСȻͻȻþ޴󣬶ʵǳǿ
ڷ绢СʵɪɪվڿоȻһҲѱ޺СҲ
ܴСֳ̫ˣϧֻˣʵôǿ
ڣȻΪͷһ
СޣֻƹһޣҲӦ޵ĺֻг޲ܴСȵ˵
Ҳ˵ţ֪һֻʲôޣ϶ǹˡ
С󣬽սһԣǵʵܹʲô̶ȣߺˬĶС˵
СҲͬߺ˵ͬϹơ
еҲͦˣͷһκˮԭǹ
ҲʮֵΣݺݵĵֻȻ˶ӣɶ񣡡
䡭
ߺͷޣʿıȫˣɢһء
СӣȻұңҿǻĲͷˣʿûб˶Դһʱŭ
ߺûΪͷѾƱ˻𶯰˷һʱ䣬ߺıҡҡƣߺıô򵥵ġ
ԣͷôУʼնֻǽѣԲûߺıƵ
ߺҲô⡣
ͷֻǺԼıҡҡƣʵ֪ߺҲ޷⡣
ٸߺȷͷԵʵٱͷҪǿһЩȻҲѡʱ֡
ôܿ϶ͷԵʵܹͷ޵Ĺӳ죬Ȼɽġ
û뵽ɽǰȻʿ㽫ʿ̵֮йɽҲ١
ʱεֻɽ󸣬ʵͻʵٶԸֻǾͲڻˡ
ջ黹ں棬ߺȻǰס
ߺһϵжѾŭɹļԣȻϹޣһЩǻۡ
ϾڣǻޣĴεĴ£ôһ̼ԣߺҧȥ
ͷޱҲǱģ¶һֱҪֻԡ
ǣʿŹͷޣߺ۾һת֣ʲôţסֻ֣ԸͷԾͲˣ
Ҳ֪Եʧԭأȥ
ʿǶԸߺĻᣬһתָɽȥ֮ս
ͷû˲ͷԵߣߺ֮ձķת̳֮һԱ
Ǳ᲻ûٴС˺ܶ࣬ȽˣֻҲֻһࡣ
ɱıȴ͸¶һɷ֮⣬ߺ˫һԭʧתͷԵĺ档
ͷԵǰ棬ͷԶţߺĶ˫Եĺ棬׼ʱ֡
С󿴸ߺܵͷԵĺ棬弱СȻ䵽˱ϣĵģҲܵͷԵĲߣڱ棬͵͵ĿԣȸߺصĻҪ
֮ҲǸ飬һ࣬ǿͷ԰ΧС
໡ǴһĴ
ͷҲʾͬһһȦȦ˲ǵĽ໥һɢڿС
ޣȻоԱҪǿһЩǣײеԵϣſھҧȥ
Աϣ͵ؽһ±˦˳ȥԳ׷ϣſѪڶǾҧ˹ȥ
໡
һУһŤԵĹǣԵ滹βͣβһ˦ǵϡ

ռҵ𶯣ǱһβУ̱֮У漴ڹ⣬һ´ӵϴ
ȫ¾Ȼûһ˿˺ۣϵðһҵĹâϣе㾫ήҵȵģԹȥ
廯һӰռ䶼ɳһ£Ǻ񴳽˿ռ֮Уڿռ֮ʧˡ
תԵǰ˫צ·ܽռ仮ƣԵۻȥ
ԲǿϹޣʹޱ޸һЩϹǰܴ졣
ſԼĿڣһ絽ǵϣǱɺУϵƬȻʼá
ǹɺȻиʴãʹ˻ţȻ¹ҫǵϣǸʴƬȻ漣ֹͣˡ
ĸߺסľȣֻǵȷ鴫Ȼ¹֮õֵزܹ¹ָ֮Լơ
ٴεǹȥſ죬Ҫ̵
ߺô鷢ǣôȵʵ֮󣬿Լ˾Σˡ

ߺһȣʹԼǿһУռ
ͷֹͣסԼĶͣһߺһѵãŭ֮
ߺ֮еѾɵı⣬ƬƬѩԵϿ£ԿҪʱѩԵϣԵ彥ıýӲ
ǱߵС̶֣С󿴸ߺʹ˿ռ˲˱һ
СĺԱȪ֮۵ĺ˲絽Եϡ
ǱȽֱӣеĵٵת˲ͷԵǰһǸԿȥ

һȴϵĴԵ
ĵȴԵΡȻһȦȦĳԵϱϯķռ䲻ס𵴡
һȻԵϿ˺ۡ
Ѫסӿ£ϵѪʢһȥϵ˿ͬȪһ㲻ϵӿ
ߣԸǻѣԸɶˣݺݵ˵ǾȣΪͷԾȻԼǿһоȻֻ֮һ˺ۡ
ߺ˫һ֮ŭ
һӣߺǰѸٵĳһԼʮɣϸɵıڿѣԹȥ
ͷ˫צϺȻצɱɵģʮֵļ񣬽ͷײԵϡ


339 һ
бʹøߺŭ֮ɱںϣǳļӲмǿƻ
ء
ͷһХ͵Ť˿̸ߺĿռʱѾˣȻߺʵǿˡ
뵱Ȼģںı̶ȣԸߺĿռҲȵܹסôǿ
ټϸߺŭ֮ͷԵıסˣԲСĹͷԲŻ㲻
ҲȽֵĴڣǣߺĿռȻֻܹסԼʱ䣬ټϸߺŭ֮Ȼסԣɲϵѡ
ʱѾˣϵıҲ⿪ˣתߺ
Ǳһ֣ͷһ£ӡ֮Уʥַģǰûôơ
Ȼ֪ǰͷԾͷˣŭ𣬿űԼͷϵҲԼĸ
ͷҲһͷ­űײȥ
ĴѩЩѩǸߺıʵ˺ܶ࣬෴ȴǳļӲ
䡭
ͷѵײһԵڽںˣؿʼѣɵǿɵġ
ߺȫ֧סô޴ĳҲߺˣ˼
ǵһȥˮϳ˺ۣ治ǵذʮ׵
ǸȻҲֻסˮѣʹͳôʽҲû취ˮֻ֣Ƕ͵ȣ̫Զˣ
ǣһȴ෴˼԰ҿȻǿ󣬵ֻܹŷˮܶʱڷˮһ˿ڶѣǸȴܹˮӲ
һ˵˲ŷ֣ȻˣˮȻ˺ǻָж֮󣬲ûǸȥתͷߺȥ
֤һ⣬ˮ˵ߺвһЩ
ͷ˵һЩ仯ҲһŰȻôͷеܣ
ȴ򿪣Цλôңһ᲻˼ģҲһ㣡
˵֮Ǿ죬˾Ȼ˵ߺĻ̲סȥұһȻǺ˵˵Ҳǵ
˵첻书ĻҲһµ˲š
֪ǣԼһٺȻɶˣɲ֪Ա߻λĴ֡
ԽԽ͸ߺˣܹһͷս˼ңʽӲӲһ£Ȼƽɫ
͵ԽԽ꣬Խļı飬Ȼ֪Լʦʲô뷨Լγأ
ʦ֣Ȱ㻹ǲҪˣǳ֣ͷŪԽһЩƷǵʵʱΪʵ϶󳬹ߺǾͲôˣ
ο˵ҲԼʦΥԼʦµߵţɲô׾սġ
ԼֻǷ赶ͨλͽ֮һ֮еߣʹԼͽܣԼĻҲᶨնġ
㲻ʦΪʲô춼֮ˣ˵ĳޣε̾
͵֪һεҡҡͷǵʦʱǷ赶֪춼ʲô飬춼ĳͨȻ׷ɱҶ춼춼Ķҽ֮ãֱΪ𾳽磬ŽεľأǴӴϱ춼ˣý赶ţ

˵ڼ䣬ߺѾͷԲһˡ
ͷԱߺıһͷ֮£ײһٶɣȻβһڣͽȻ
ǲ֮ռƵžžֱ죬ǱҲѷ졣
ߺһ²ãһӣռ
һѩЩɫѩϵ䣬䵽ԵϣͷΧĿռ̱ˡ
ߺϵĿƱԵĲзɳͷȻܶǲƵı̫ˣ޷Ե
ȻĻͬھɣߺһ˿֮ɫ˫һӣȻ鿪
ƬƬ飬ǱƬƬƿƬ̽ͷԵ֮УͷԵǧٿףд
ǣиߺĻڣ˴θߺóȻûըԸߺԼҲǻըˡ
ҲΪαը֮ټϸߺıռԵķ˲٣ԸߺıвŻôƿԵķ
ʲôȻСˣոҪֵ˲סˣû뵽ߺжҪ졣
Ȼûж֣ǸոѾϵɢˣܵĿռһˡ
Ǳߵһøߺһ󿴵վ֮أĸоϵľơ
ǹƲǷռˣʶ£ǹֱ񷡣
մƿʼת磬һĩյĳƲϵϳȥ˼
ԶҲۼ̱ƣȫطۼ³ǵϿգΪģЩƾһͨͨ
ߺ鲻ԣȻǿ󣬵Եʬкܴĺôʹߺ;ЩԾ
ߺһԶľһ˲˸ߺ˼һ˸ߺǰ
ͷԵ˿ڣߺԸһͬǱߵС˫۾һ
Ҳûע⵽ߺںı飬ֻſˣ㶵Ľеʦ
ͬʱʿҲܵˣûвԣֻһζĺֻɽս
ܵҲһ㶣ǣʦֿԱߵʦ
ߵѾ¶ˣһôƵģضǳɡ
ôӴƣܵĺߺ޸ûа취Щ޸ܵǿΣյƣȥ
ܹסһƶ˵ڶеĵλҲ
ߺûϾʱ˵ôˣѾ˵壬һϵ׹ȥڵûѾˡ
ԱߵǿǸûᣬԥľܹ߳ԸȻǰ档
ûᣬ治Ȼеɵߺи̾
ŭ֮ߺŭ֮óһΧ棬泤̣Ÿߺ壬ײȥ
ıҲ׷׻ɺںϵͷԵ֮С
ԱߣٵĹĶѾˣ۵Ч
С¿ֻı֮Уһп϶ͬСɡ


340 ֮
䡭Ǹߺĺ׹ɹڵϲϴϢϴһ޴˿ڡ
ǣߺι̫ǿˣȻضˣԵߺҲ׹ȥ
ŭ
һԾҲ漱׹ȥѪ˿֣һ˿˿ӿ֣еһ㡣
ֻԼ׹ʮףڿߺͷԵӰˡ
׼ߺͷԣҲ׼ͷԱȸߺ˲ֹһ֡
䡭ͣ
ɹĻ˿֮ϣûƬķټѾһϢˣǿƾ˲˳˿ڴȥ
˿ڴֳƵģھľС
ſԼѪڣǲûɢǿĴСоۼ
ʮֵǿ󣬸ߺûʲôˣȻҲ˹ȥȻǾ졣
ȻǾȻвСб
ͬʵһ㣬еȻ۳СɵˮתСĿзȥ
ԵҲǣǱг룬ֻҪԵĽûжѣҲиԭĿܡ
Ǿ޴ȻСĿзȥԾȻûʣϵŤ壬ҪС
κΣôζѲС
ߺ֮󣬴󾪣ãǣС󣬽ϰŹҺ;ã
С֮󣬾ȻĿʼƶͣķΧҲʼתƣߺ뾰ȴͷųȥ
ߺ֮ڿСڵòղţСʮֵĿ񱩣ҲʮֵĲ̡
ڵСϵȫȫͲ޵ģ޵ģ˫ǺģͬһѪƵġ
ϵıʮֵ弸ȸոմһ룬˵ոСߣôڵСȫ׵ĸ߶ȡ
ȫİëը𣬾͸èܵʱ򣬻ë𣬰βϵġ
Сߺĸоǰһֻû˵ǣȫԼԸ
С˸ߺԼƶ˷ţĿɵҲƶ˷
ߺ뾰춼˳ͷԵϰóˣֻʣ°
ͷ°˳СɵСƶȥ°ٵ׹ȥ
Ի֪ĲϵŤ壬һĶѳ̶ȸӴˣ֮մѪҺ¶ڸߺǰ
ʹԸӵʹԸӷŤѿڴ˺۱ԽԽ𽥣ѾҪѳˡ
ߺ֪ϵĻ¼ʹͷˣС޷ͷԵ°С
ȻߺСΪʲôôִŵҪͷԵ°Ҳϧûù
ߺȴ֪ʱȣΪϷڵأȻߺʵûߵ
ǸͷŵƸߺͿԿǸϼһϹⲻ֪ǿ϶ٱ
ƾȻͿֱ񷣬ռ䴦飬ʵϹ׷ϡ
ҿǸͷûʵֻǼ򵥵һѣߺܿ׼֣Ŀ꣬ڳͷԿûʲô˰ɡ
ʦһԵɱߺķˣԺԥĳ֣ҪʹһǰͷŪȻ
ȻЩԲߵôпᣬͷԶ;컹СİҲǳĴԺֻ취ˡ
ԣСʹûʱ򣬸ߺûзԣΪûԣҲûɷԡ
ֻҪܽһͺˣСصʵߺûйΪ֪ĺᣬһֱԼĽС
ЩȻǿ󣬵ȴǷǳ֮һʩչľ棬Сôʱ䶼ûʩչС
ߺҪһСڵĸߺʣһɶѣ׼ãΪһҪء
һУߺٻ߸ԾԵĶ֮̽еĵþȫͷԵȥ
˰죬ߺľʵ̫ˣ˵Ϊʮ֮ǰ龳һ㹻𺳵ˡ
ֻкصΪʵк۷壬кصϹԻˡ
ǰ֣̾תͷʵͷ㡭㡭𣿡
Ҳɵˣʶĵ˵ͷ
ͰڻɱʢȡԵʱһҪɱСӣȻ󣬵ʵ̶ȣҪͷˣ
ҲǲеʱһԼʵĵˣԼʵǿĵ˵ԼһùģҲ֪ʲôʱͻ֡
Ըе֮ǵʦ赶ڳɾͲ֮֮ȥϱĴ춼Щ׷ɱߣʵ𾳵ɱ߳ɡ
Щ߱ˣЩûΪвߵĴڣûгɹ
͸붯סİɣԿϹޣʹشƾǵʵҲ޷׽Ū
԰ҲǺͿˣԵ屻׷ֿȻŵĽὫϳصһȥôҲˣԴ
ҲյһЦ֮ɣȥʹ죬Сʱ󣬾ǵڣǰһս˰ɣ
ǣǺСĽУǿǸߺֹסС罫Զɽȥˡ
ңʱԵ°벿ѾɽСĸˡ
ԵβͿС͵ʱβСˣССĴϸ
ߺеһƬ⣬ϵĿԽϣԲͣŤ壬Ըߺûа취Խ֮ϵͬһλϡ
⵼Ըӵʹϵ˻˻ߵĲҽУߺһļ£·ֻԶԸߺ˵һ㡣
ɶҾͲˣ컹Ū㣡ߺ˲ǰַͷԵ֮ϡ
ҲˣȻԶûнߺĬĬ뵽ȴš
ŭ֮
ߺ˫۱޾ĺ⣬ҲԵĽϣ֮Ķ
ֻҪŤ壬Ľ˲ĶѣߺдԼ̣˫֮еҲԽԽࡣ
ǣû뵽֮оȻһȣߺȻͷԲôöԸ
Ի֮Ҳǻữɾһ壬ǲһ壬ֻдӵе
֮Ҳһ塣
ʲôЦɣߺҲ˺ģô춼ûпǸ߹ðһա
֮нʣĺһȫӴı⣬ʼ
໡
ʹ˻Ȼֹ°ɹıСУϰȴ˱Ĵϣ˼֮Ҳˡ
ߺеĽָһǰ֮ʧڿУߺɫԴɬĿž졣
ôˣֵʵ


341 
ߺû˵ӰһеС
СڰͷԵ°֮Ȼʧȥ׹Ÿߺȥ
ߺѸٵĳСҪµĵطֽ˻УʱС弱ٵС䵽ߺĻеʱѾһСˡ
ڵСԲѣ۸ߺôҡΣһ˿˿ջССǳ˯ѣСĺڣ֤Сû
ߺ֪ʵСʩչУʱĻԣڻԶ೤ʱ䣬ܹɱϹ޵Ľеʱ̲ˡ
Ӧô죿츧˸Ѿ˵·ߺ
ߺ˼ȥǿ϶ܵˣţ԰ټƵĺߡ
ʿڶԸԼ˵ĻԼ˿϶ʿС˸ԣǾԲʵĻġ
ټлʦʹûвεսҲ϶ͷԵġ
ߺ۾Ȼһ߸ߵԾõԱ֮ϣлһЩ֣Ȼͷ¿ʼ׹еٻӶ
ﬡ
ѾʮֵĽӽˮˣʮֵļӲǸߺͣתȴǼӲһֱµĶѨ
Ҳû룬ȥϾŵļҲԲ
ߺԼ濪ʮףԼһٶ׵ʱڷ˵ˮߺ뾰ͨͨˮУˮ˳ֱ¡
ǿռҲûжߺ뾰ȫˮУֻܿˡ
ҺǺߣʹҲܻܳʱ䣬С򱻸ߺñΧһӡ
ԼʮӣߺԼеѾָһЩˣܵĿռҲԽԽ㡣
һʼȣֱ֮ڵİֱףǰҲøĲ·ڡ
ˮǿ˫ۣϿȥԼ治Զ˫ۣһԱߵˮһ߲ʱ˫ۣ濴ȥ
ܹ׷Ҳ⣬һα׷ɱЩֻš
·ߺʹǿͣһ£Աߵˮӿ˹ȥ
ߺ֣ץȥҲֹͣǰζ
ǵǰ棬кܶ·һǳĴϸСˮûа취ˮ
ߺûѡİקžζһ˵Щ֮бȽ͵Ĵڣ͸ոһһͨ
ߺȻѡôİЩ֣ҲֶѣûʲôԵķӦ
˵ȥﶼνֻҪܹӹߵ׷ɱ
ߺеһرİ֮УһǰӿȥȻ̮һ롣
һʼʱ漴ʹʮһ߶ӵǸߺһȥʹһҲǿܹȥ
һǼˣ׵İֲ涼ˡ
ߺקž죬ı˰֮ǰԼһ˿һ飬ǸѾ̮İ֮ȥ
˳ֱ£Ǿ֮أ޲ű黯Ϊ

ʱѾˣֵǣ˸ոһ޴֮󣬾Ҳûʲôˣ᲻ʲô飿˵
ոһ̸ֱûͷŸоȥ׷ѰߺͷԵϢ
ǶԼĲ²̫ˣǿûܹӹǵƲ⡣
ӦˣϢ˰ɣͲ²
ҲͬԼʦֵ룺ûôʱķսֻкǿСһ˵ѾͻƼ˰ɣ
ʦҾòԾȥ˵ɣʿԱվš
ڣֻ޻Ǳ˲ˣҲʵöȻͽһһֻˡ
ֻǣʿֻɽ󸣬˵ʿǺ㣬Ҫ֪ԼֻȻҲ֮һͲôˡ
˵ܹʵǺöֻҪõͷԣԼʵֻʬ壬˾ˡ
ûߣһҪߺЦĺҲûߡ
ոСڻˣֻ֮ˣȻôΪԼɱģһԼҲ˭ĵ̣
ոͨʦͽ˵̸Ҳ֪ˣոյͷʲôˮϹԡ
ɶһʮ߰˵Ȼʵã԰ڣڵǶ춼λǰ
Щ˼ʦһҪô𣿱ϾҲˣոǵĳ˵Ǳǣ
ߣװͬʥһҿոзݹͷԣ̰ɣԱߵʿߵ
ŭ˭һ΢ԵǿǶ֪ողǡʲôţ
³ǳΨΨŵŵ˵ү˵Ǹ߸߸ߺ
ԣߺǰɣĽ飬ͷҲзݣֻ㺦ͷԵʵ֮Ľ֮ºȴͷԸĺô޳ܣҾȻͬţֱҵĳ裡
˵ˣԼʦһϹʦͽȥֲ֣ûʲôᣬͽԼʵҪԼȡʦ֣ͽҲҪ
˵ţһǱУ׵Ĵӷȥ
͸˸Լĺӣϲɫȴοͽˣ򸴺
ʵԱԼʦֶԼҲǿ˲һڸ۽ΥʧһɷΪ
ʦܣȻô˵ˣͷҾͲˣ˵ţһһγڵϡ
棬ȻǰҡΣȻĽ˺˯
ʿεĿһͣ˫֮һĨ֮ɫæݿ
ʦߺ˼ǰ֣ǿңͽĵĿҲҪһǿϹѪϴȾܹиǿ
ԼʦַˣЩԥ⣬ԥȥ
ʿ¶һ˿аЦͽһͣڶУаԵ⣺Բôҵͽȡ
ǣûȥͷЦ
鲻ãųԼӦ̴һ澹Ȼÿһˣһֱͨˮ
˳Űȥ֪˸ߺǱһ·ӦϢһоİǰ
Ʒһ飬¶һ˿ЦݣСΪȥҾ׷ǹɱϢͬҹеƣ
һʿ˲ǰߣѾ֪Сˣ
ҲֵģʦҲȥɣ
εҡҡͷץԼͽܣ˲ʧڳǽ֮ϣеĿɿڴˣСӾȻˣ


342 ʵ
ߺԴӽߵİ֮󣬾Ľı˫ָۣԼ
սʮأҲǷǳĴȸߺͷһ³ʱܵ˻Ҫء
θߺȫԸˣԵʵ̫ǿˣҿûԸǵźȻߺ˾ͲɱԣǱɱˡ
ߺڻָԼʵԱͨսԼߺԽԽԶˣΪ˲øߺԼ̫ԶҲŬ
СԴԵ°֮ʼûѹڸߺĺ֮к˯Ǻߺ˻С
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ߺſǽյ˫ۣһۻԼŵľ죬ֽѡ
۾ߺһ㶣Ȼʮ˷ܵˣƻָô
ߺҲû£õĲˣģ
ߺʻεɼʾ֪ߺҲǣԼ˽°ʱ򣬾Ѿǵ°ˡ
˳ֱ£֪˶೤ʱ䣬˳һµķ֧˳£˵ǽ˫ˣ¾˫۶֪Լںηɡ
һߺΪˣϾˮУҶˮԼҲ֪Ϸ·Ҳõ׾õľˡ
һֱ˳ֱҲ¶ߺתȫ߬ȭͷݺݵĳһͻȥ
䡭
̴ԭسһӣߺ˳קžͽ뵽УһӣǴӵԶԶϹˮ̱ˡ

һУߺ뾰̷ĺϾ֪೤ʱ䣬ڹϢ֮У޷һĻᣬ˻ͬһ
ߺ²滹棿쾭ʱĺߺ
ߺҡҡͷô֪Ӧɣ㿴Ҵ֮ЩˮʼʱڷǲˣǲվڵϣˮɵϣĲ²⣬档
еǵҲŷĵ˵ͷ˵Ķԣô˵ǾҪ෴ķˣ
ߺ˵ͷ˵ߣ
˵ţߺһУ˫ӿһȱȥǿʹ涼ˣߺֵǣԼûɶơ
ᴩͬһߺҲ˹ȥ
һʱģû뵽ֻʮף˱㿴ͷ
ô£ߺЩȣ˵ոյƽ½ϣܹʮӣˮĽݣӦúǸߺĺһʮ׵ӡ
ߺһӣһ˵Ľ£Ҳôˣվ˱ϣǰ档

漴˫۱Ѫ죬ͷܵĿռ䶼ҡߺ֧һĿžʹáŭ
ŭ
һȣøߺĶĤۣǵŪһǽлѲƶأǱҲǻð
䡭
һװľ첻ϵŸߺıǽ쵰ҽȥҡء
ȸߺٳʱ򣬾ѾӰˣֻһһ˶ߵ
ߺһԾ㵽棺֣㻹𣿡
һֺֻȻӵץס˸ߺĽţҿߺߣҪǷŵһƽ˵Ϸ˲С
ţԴתСӣ̫ȱˣҿлȻıˣСֵ̫ˣ
ǲסԹȴߺɵ㶵վһҲ֣濴ȥҲ٣
ֻոյŭֻ׵ĸ߶ȣߺ֮ˣ㲻һ۾Ϳˡ
ʲô̲סߺҡҡͷҲ˰
ôأûа취ߺߺ°ͣû£һᵽϵģ
˵ţߺվϣ˫ʹһȭȥȻ֧дȥǽʵʵһȭϡ
ȥ˰СʱߺŽԼֺһǧˣûпһ˿
ҲԾôⶼһǧˣ쵽˰ɣ
ʵߺӦȻҲߺߺʵ
ߺҡҡͷˮ֪˶Ȼô˻ûеϣǵ˯˶ãߺ̲סʵ
ʼ磺֪ȥϢһɣ
˵ţٴʹŭһεĳɼһβһλܺأξȻֻס
һ£ԼʵȻ̶ֻܵȣٴʹŭ
һ̳αһλҪңȻֻвף
ߺҲ˳˼ղԼҲڲϵʵзһ⣬һǧ׹ԼȻЩ;ľҲڲϵ
ңĸˣһʼʱܺʮ׵ȴֻܹʮ׵ľ룬Ҳ̫ˡ
ǲʲôҲ˰ɣʵ
ߺ˵ͷҲûпܣ֮кܶ಻ͬĲΣеĵطӲеĵطȴ
ߺô˵ȴôģϾе̫˼ˣҲǧף
ǻǿЩڰɣߺҡҡͷĥ󿳲񹤣ʵһͺöˣ
˵ţһУȻĴϵӣһʮֵĴռվĵط
Ÿߺһǰڵϡ
ҲҪ֮ʵʳˣҲõ滹Ҫҵطͷˣߺ
Ҳ˵ͷȷȫҲʵء
ȴ֪ߺ룬ߺǸоǰЩΣգֻʵӦΣյð취
ϲǲΰ룬ȻдҲ̫Σ˰ɣϹս߶ϣÿһ춼ڵϹӰԱ߸̾
֪ˣߺָоǰΣջô룬᲻̾ߣԶأ
ߺû˵Ļֻ΢΢һЦϾԼҲĸоԼÿʵ඼Σ֮УΣ֮УԼɣ
Ӷͷ̾ͱ룬ߺһŽϰ벿߿Եϰ벿֣һͷ¶ǰ
аʲôľͲ˵ˡ
ߺݸ죺ֵܶһһ룬ʮֵĴ󣬹ƸţҲղס񱩵
˵ͷߺ˵ĵȷʵö̫ˣԼĻԼܲסǹ
󣬸ߺڴָﲻѡѰңҳһЩܹȼյĶûţԵӷ治ϵķת
˲Сûֱ̬ܹ֮ȥֻ취ˡ


343 ׷ͻ
ϰ˸֮˾Ƕ΢ǣϾ˲ֱ̬Լٽֻɱ
У溬д˳ô֮зǵĸоҲǺġ
ߺûмǽö޵һΪúס֤еɢȥ
аö죬Լһ룬ҽʣûгΪݣ˷ֱղ
漴ߺ뾰͸δʱɵĶţߺ֮һıǽ
֮ص
֮еʮֵĿ񱩣˳нգҲôġ
ҿߺסһֿ񱩵ȻĽ˳ա
ԲΪϹ֮һֲλ߶أ̺ߺ
˵ʹ춼֮ڣŨ̶ȶϲ̺
ΨһȱҲǱҪ֮˳˲ܹգ춼֮еȴûô鷳ֻҪվˡ
ǣʹĺôɲԱȽϵģ˵̺֮ҪǿϺܶ౶
Ͳһεģ˵ˣеԾǧεĴģұԾϹޡ
֮еʹΪǿΪ
Ҳ˵ʲô˶Գԣ龳ϵĳ˱û£Ǻ龳֮µ˳ˣǱܲ񱩵ıƬ
ߺϥأϵҲһֵַǿΪĿʼɺسףΪ۷壬нףн۷塭
ͬʱߺҲڲϵǿѾнˣ΢һЩ
ϾעޣⷽȻͱȽǿһЩˡ
Լ¹ȥˣߺϺȻǿǵ£ûߺգߺæһһʯԼΧ
Щʯ֮е׷뿪ʯߺȥ뵽ߺ֮С
ʯߵĻңǺߵʽ֮һ˵뵽һյĿռ䣬û֧ţʯˡ
ڸߺеʯǣ˵Ҳʮ飬ϸ½ˡ
ߺͻؼʱڣһóһʯΧߡ
ë׶ſЩʯ֮еҲӿߺطʼ
ʯǽߺӴۼôСĿռ䣬ռ·ŰɫǼŨɵġ
ߺܽڣټëԴԴϵգЩɫһϸСĺߺӿȥ
ģʯɺɫ͸֮ɫʯûĽеҲʧ
ߺΪûͻƣڽڽʸߣûͻƵļ
ȥǰ취ߺļȻ۾ȻһӣʮʯڿУΣߺڵĵطǳױʯˡ
ߺ֮ԶԶϵſеЩʯһܵߺ׷״ʯ֮зȥߺ
ߺ·һ޴ĺڶ߲ܣ׷ȫˡ
֮еϢԽԽǿɢҲԽԽӴռ䶼֮¿ʼ
ơ
ߺȻĿԲڴţߺëϸѪ׵ҲȻǿ˺ܶ౶
ʮʯ֮е˲ģȻһߺķ뵽ߺ֮С
ߺ˫ĿҪɳѪˣҲǹĶܵûʯһԷĩűԱ߼ѹȥ
䡭
һ죬ռ䶼ҵһܶռ䶼Ѻۣ漴ָֻԭ̬
ߺﲻϵĴϢһڿں³ڶķĩ֮ϣЩĩͱߺƸѹʵˣڸǱߺһڿںˡ
ߺ͸ʯĩĵɢǿƣȻǺؾ硣
ͻ̫鷳ˣȻʮʯо̫ˣڵԣҲҵĶ˰ɣɱ鷳һЩߺ
ԽߣʵԽǿͻԽѣʮʯĺǰͻˣ˵ǿʹ֮Ϊڵľ硣
ߺǿͻƶѣسڶûдﵽ
ߺһԵǰö˳ӵеô֮аľ
ͨԵߺΪѾ۷ΪҲǲкصˡ
һνͻؾ磬ߺ֪㡣
ͻƱͻƼѣּ򵥡
ѵҪͻƱҺܶҩܹѵġ
򵥵ľʱ򣬼˸оֻ֮ܵǿ󣬾֪жǿˡ
ߺûż̽ҪͻԼΪ
˫޵ѴԼǿһĵزô˵ͱȽͻˡ
ͬһӣ̫ǿ˻ס
ΪˣԺܶ˶ѡޣֻһǸߺܸоԼޣ֪Ϊʲôֱ
ҪԼûôǿ󣬾ĽԼҲͻƵأֻŻƽ⡣
ߺԼ˫֮ϣзһЩʯԱߣĿʼǵıߺա
ʯ֮еҲٵĽ뵽ߺ壬ߺڵڼûˣЩȫͻơ
ЩͬȪŸߺľߺձԼЩȡ
ڸߺһ˿˿ָˣԶٶҲеʮֵĴݡ
ߺΪȻֿʼٵһߺʮֵľ档
Ϊһͻ֮ͻƣǽõָȻٽͻƣǸߺͷһνʵ飬ȴû뵽ôĳɹ
ûûйѣߺ
ʵԼˣֻᣬϹ޵ǿΪĸټԻûм
̫ΣգֻҪܲסǿͻᱬ
ߺҲ֪ȻôҿҲʮֵǿ󣬲ȻбĿܡ
뵽ߺĻ꺣֮Уߺգߺ֣Լģ𽥵ۣĳӵķᣬڿԾģģġ
ЩĽ룬ߺԽԽˡ
ңԼҲǿŻָеΪ


344 ǿʵ
Լ֮ڸߺϺȻǿǿ󵽣ܵĿռ䶼ʼ˹ѡ
ߺ˫͵ܽﶼĺâѾǿмѹĩ֮С
ЩĩߺƵļѹѾͬĸһӲˣ˵óȥĻ·Ʒûһܴһ˿ۼ
ߺ䵽棺ʴ֮
ߺȻöڵ֮˸ʴ֮ȷǿ£֮оȻиʴ֮˵򿪺Ļ¾ͻᱻʴ
ʹǴ򿪵ĻҲᱻʴֱԲӦǸߺŭ֮һµ
ߺΪҲﵽ˿µĺأʱߺȻС磬ֲֿٶһЩ֪֮󣬿϶׳֦ġ
ҪȻ׳ɱ֣вɱҡ֮УһǸߺҪġ
ܹΨһǲϵϵʵ۷壬߿ԵõԱʵ
뵽⣬ߺûʵ֮Ӧеĸˣǰ¾ģڳĬ֮бڳĬ֮
ɲΪЩ˶׳֦ͱ³֮ϵߣ֪Լ֣еǷɱǺԥı˳
ԼԽԼ˷ϣ֧Լδˣǲǵġ
ڸߺıҲﵽɣǣԽǿԽߺܵҹĿ¡
Լıǿ˹磬Ѿ°ٶȣñȻ׵Ӱռ䣬ռ
ǰҹĴԲжǿ󣬶֮ϵİأ
ߺ󣬼ʹûԼıǿ󣬵ǣҲԼܹġ
Ҳ˵ȻڵĸߺӵпԱس׵԰ҹִûл֮
ڵĸߺԽԽеҪΪʵ⣬Ҫνİ壬ǿʲô̶ȣ
֮ǰߺ׵ı¶ԼΪޣڸߺһܹﵽؾѾеˡ
Բνľô򵥣ñ֪Լֶ˺أôĴˡ
ߺһЩǿʵ󲿷ȫϣһߺߺʵҲʮ
ҲֻܶԸصߣҲ˵Ǹ磬ǣԷܹϽ׵ı
еĻǾ͵˵ˡ
øߺٴζԸĻӦûʲôˣ˵ɱԷҲǼ顣
ǣӵ񶫸ߺȴ´˶ۣ񶫵Ϊٴﵽµľء
ôԷӳ߰˳ɣֻͿ׵Լ
ߺɻûв񵽺ͲԿЩɶǽĴڡ
ȻѾˣʹõҲѾʹˣߺѾûбĶˣо
ΪոͨоԱ߾ƻڽڽʸУ϶û꣬ʵҲûꡣ
ھȴǷǳǿԼںعɵĽ׶ΣʵҲӦǺǿΪ˰ɡ
ߺɵЩ̾ͷԼֱһأȻʲô鱦á
ǵȻߺҲ룬鱦ֶػͷԵʵһ֮Ҳ֪ʳ˶鱦Щ鱦
һЩһЩ඼޷ϵıǶϹļ֮Ȼֶ֪ܹΪ𵽺ܺõá
ԣϹ޶ѱҲǶ˵Ϊкܴ洦ޣΪѪС
ĴУһЩϹŴҩԺ֮дУֻҪǵӦʵԺ֮еѪȻӡ
Լֹһ֮󣬾ǱߺȻǳǿҵ֮ڱĿ˼֮еĸߺһģ㵹ڵϡ
žǾĺҲ˺ǿ߾ˣҿν컹ҵǰʲôýģ
ߺɸҳһսţĺ
ߺ΢ЦǰţڵʵʹǲҲŰߡ
Ҫ֪ڵΪѾﵽ˺صľ磬ںصʱ򣬶߶ԿУοѾˡ
߸ߺ߶֪֮෴Ļ֮壬ܹǿʲôز
ߺʹñģܹôǿϢϢصģûûߡ
ǰ̵ʯĩǰĶѾ׷ӡڵΪ
֣һ٣ͬһӲʯĩٴλ˷ĩƮڿС
ߺٶȿʵ죬˲͵˱ǰ˫ָ֣׾ȻݺݵĲ˱УȻݺݵ˺Ѷȥ
ǱȻӲıߺ˺ѿˣǱߵľ컹ڷĻű
ǽϾǸߺʱȫʩչģߺţʹǺߣҲֵܹһС
ô̵ǽµľԼΪ𶯣Ӱ쵽ľ졣
ģĳɹĵֵסԼơ
žסˣߺǷ˫צ¶Цݣ磬ˣ
ߺһЦ㲻˵ҪұԱҿԸ
˲ˣһˣѽ㣬ʵˣôôˣҸոǽûУЦָŸߺ˵Ͽһ˿֮ɫ
תȴĬĬ˵СӵʵôôǿˣʵȻкˣѲȫˣ
ڳʱ򣬸ߺ壬ԵıȾüȥĳɹһ㶼⡣
ôֽԼΪӡסˣѲΪûԲ˼ˣԴſߺЦ
ߺĬĬ˵ͷûзϣҲûгϡ
һ¾֪Լ˵ˣæο˺ˣ͵ۼƾɣһξԻɹģ
ߺû˵ż㣬ϣ֮ɢǿεĳķĿռȦȦ𶯡
ҿߺһȣȦȦĿзʼ𵴣ȻԵһ޶
аȣҲңҿû֮ܣȻһᱻĺܲҡ
ȻѾﵽǿΪǻûſԵﵽǵޣܲɱ˾Ͳˡ
ߺʹ˹ʹȻߺ͵سǰȥһȭ֮ϡ
䡭
֮ڶʼ̮һЩԱߵĿռѷߣһЩǵ
ڵӵƮеչǵʯȻĲ˹ȥ嶼û
УһÿҪϵʱһŤһʧˣתԱ߳ˡ


345 ż
ֹͣʱ򣬸ߺѾڰ֮ˣߺһΪû뵽ȴΪõʵڸߺȵһǿʮ
ֻǴˣǰߺһȭܹʮ׵ľ룬ȴа׵ľ룬Ҳȫʵ
֪ʱ˶ˣҪˣߺ˫һҲ
ۣȻôԶ㻹Ҳ԰ɣ˵ţ˫ۺȻͨ졣
ͷһ㵹Ƿ̵ÿռ伱ٵ𵴡
ߺҲ˫һû뵽ʵѾɳֵزˣʵȡ
ŭ
ŭ˫֮Ѿ˸ˣε粻ϵڿ˸ҫŸߺ˫ۡ
ߺ΢΢һ̣ȻѾﵽЩûа׷Ѱ
䡭
ͬһǵطĿռһ˿ѣƬƬ䡣
ߺȾֱӶˣͲ㣬͵һŤǿӸߺɢЩߺȫĩ
ߺôյķȥһ߷ɻһĹ;µ飬Ҫʲôر֮
һ·ϣߺ˷ʮֵ֮⣬Ҳûбʲôصˡ
ѲǶ춼Բộǲ԰Ƕ춼ĻԼ뾰췢ôĶĲǺӣ߾ԲֲܷԼ
ߺԴٵתô룬Ҳ벻Ϊʲôԭ
ߺô䵽϶Ըߺ
ߺҲϿȥȻʮ׵ӣһߺȵĲУô˵еԺͺ߶Կˣ
콾ĵ˵ͷǵȻеʱҲŵģҵ֮⾳Ѿɣôɣ
ֱ̫ˣȥǺܿܵˣֻǡĸߺû˵ȴ
ֻǲ֪浽ʲôĴڣ춼ǾԲˣ᲻ֱӿɽȥأ
Щûи߾죬ϾҲûãԼûа취أο
Ҫ뾡ĵ͵ˣߺһС
챻һͽֹôڿߺѾʹñˣ֪ǿʲô̶ȣ
ն
ߺͬһ㣬еۣռ佥ʼѣѿǿӸߺֱγɡ
ߺ˫Ѫɫ֮з֮ɫ¶һͷ
ڸߺͷֱǱ½ױҪӲʹ½ױ޷ͷϣҲĽ
ǸǿĴ͸֮ռơ
ߺĵʼϵĶʹÿռ䶼ոߺĶƵʿʼ
Ȼ˫һдƣ
һǿᴩأȥһ㣬ֻǵ
ϵطȥƺѾˣ롣
ߺקž죬зȥ飬ǰ˲ͱǿѹĩ
ֱһʮףߺ˲ͣ£컹ûӦߺٴʩչն
һεϷȥԼһżһ㣬ߺקקȥ
ߺʩչ˲ٴεն˽ףǼ֮ǰһǧףһǧ׶ˡ
ߺһУȴһߴ
Ҳе˰ɣʮӲͻ˽һٴնһףˣһ߲޵˵
ߺ¶һ˿΢ЦĻôô͵ء
ڵ𣿵ûҲعˣչһ½ǣǷôʱ䣬ôأһܸоԽԽˣ
ո˵꣬Ȼ¡¡ߺɫһ䣺ãѻ죬Ĳ֪˵ʲôˣ
ߺһɽڽڵ̫ˣԿʼ˰ɡ
лûо׽⣬˲ԱߣеĽ
̣һɵԲӳڲϣбϣߺһץ졣
ʲôɣҪɰĲˣ°˵ŽԼͶԸߺ֧˵
ߺûᣬһŽ֮ǸȻԼҲ˽ȥ֮е˲⿪ñ
ȻʩչеڶһֻǷһ˲䣬ߺˡ
ĿɿڴĿŸߺȻ˫΢УղǺؾ磬ΪʲôҪأ
ߺͷҲصĽԼԭ˵˳ݸߺ˵ȷʵ顣
½Ҳûз෴½ʱʱ̶̿ǧٸʵڷ
ŵ˸ߺӡıԱߣȻԼƣݺݵǸطȥ
䡭
嵹ɻȥײһϣֵ˹ȥҿߺһקסȻ治֪ҪɶٴΡ
ڸʲôߺֵʵˣ𣿡
εʼ򣺡һȫʩչıǿʲô̶ȣԼˣ
ߺȻⲢȫĺֻסڣһܲ
ߺո˵꣬ͷͬһĺߺĺǰ͸ģԽһп˸
ֻ治ϵд£ֻһ˲ͽˣߺкȻһ
һǿļѹ֮ҿߺúΧ˲ѣܵһ±ѹһȥˡ
ȵһйƽߺվϵĺڸߺǰȻʼһֱֱͨȥ
ߺúһݣߺһȥ
ԼٶףȻһȻӳߺǴĻ⡣
ߺ뾰ںڰ֮ʱ̫ˣһʱȻ޷ס۵Ĺâߺǰ͵һ
֮ǰߺԼӡ۾˺ܳһʱ䣬Ÿҽ
漴ͱǰӾˣǰһ޴ϣ˿˿ɢų֮
϶ɢĻ⣬ǻһɫǸߺȴеȡ
ֿǿų֮ߺߵǰһ־
ïܵĴ֣ԶɽССԼĹâ
Ҳǰɻʵʲôôûп
ߺ˵ͷҲûп˵ţߺ־ͿʼǸƶȥ
ߺԽǰų֮ҲԽԼõҲԽ󣬽ģߺоԼֶҪ֧Ųסˡ
ɶ񣬽ҾͲˣ㣡
ߺһ˿֮ɫֱð͵ǰһܣ˾֡
ߺּһɲǼ˲ǰϡ
ߺֻоһǿԼ;ȫ˽ȥ
ų֮ȻССɢԼĹâطյͬ硣
ǵ治Ȼһżߺ΢΢


346 ǿĽ
ߺ뾰弱׹ȥڰ˵ƣͬһǻ
䡭
ߺݺݵڵϣǶ˵£ǼͣסԼ塣
ޡȵϵҪǿߺһվ˵
ôûأʵ˵Щ˵ȫС˼ֵĵ
û£Ϊ˲һжǿûзԼܷ𣿡ߺʵ
ߺôһ˵ϸĸһ£ָߺ˵ĹȻ顣
ôأ쾪ʵߺ˸ͷ滳ոûȻΪرǿˣ
ŶȻأһ˵̬ߺ治֪ʲôãôһΣأ
һײڵżϵżⶼʲôòͷ
ߣܹô׾ͷֵżضһЩˣԼߣҪǱԷ˷֣϶·һ
ǰ߾͸˵ˣܹڵһײŴڵżʹǺӾ߶ܷ֣֤ż֮ӵһΣԡ
ʱôĶ֪ʱԼϣȷԼһ衣
ߺ˵ⱧԹҲûãվһѰһ¿ʲô취Գȥʵİ취
ΣҲֻŸߺǰȥߺ˵ĵطƬɭ֮УգȻڹż֮ûա
ȴ淢סˣһԵɭɭģһֱŤĸо
ߺ뾰ɭɭɭУߺģƬɭֺǴСС֮
ĻͬԲһʮɽżɵġ
ͨɭĸƬżûо˵ĿҲߺȷԼĲ룬ǵ׵Ĵˡ
ӰϵĻѾ֪˽ˣôû˿սۼأ
һٶûзֵĻǾֻ֤һ㣬û
ߺ뵽ⲻһ˿˷뵣ģΪû˽Ķûб˶
ǣͬģû˽δ֪ΣգҲû˽ƻĽơ
ż֮жǿĽƣЩȫóɥҪ˵Լ뾰һĴأ
ջʤˣߺ뾰һȥ
ûн߾죬¾̫ô죿
Ҫ֪һͿƣЩûż棬ڰУڽڴƾͻȫɥ
ߺ뾰Ҳ˵Сȴεš
׻˵ɭ֮رس
ߺ뾰û߶೤ʱ䣬Ȼߺ뾰ǰһŸߴɵľԼʮɡ
һô󰡣һʲô
˵ż˲˴ǰ棬־ɸȥߺȻһļ£ҪѾˡ
ֻһУܡ
츧ɣп˵ɿƴֲڣʮֵĹ⻬
ߺˣʲôʱ򣬻ͷ㣬Σ֪
Сİһͺȣһͷߺʲôҡ
û˵꣬Ĵ֮ϺȻľߺһԼϣ弱ٵת
ŵٵȥ
;һЩľ䵽ߺϣЩľȻнױҿߺнƷ
һֿЩľڸߺ֮·׷۶ˡ
ߺȥոյԱߣһǿȻ֣ߺݺݵײ棬ȥʱٶطȥ
⣿ϣߺȻ֣ŴܣȻϣԼĵ滮ٵ޷ơ
ҲˣһǱȾͳУϮ֮ƣ
һȣһŰɫĶз˳ȥƻãһ֧֧ľ֮ϣ֮׷׵ķȥ
䵽˸ߵɵĵطǣûʲôҽһ˿ѪҲû¡
ţһֵľԸӿٶߺ
Щľļʸ䵽ϣڵһϸСĿնڶߺͿˡ
һߺëȻľĹ֮ǿҲǷ˼ԼѾﵽصĽ׶Σ¾Ҫɥڴˡ
ߺеٵѹȻ緢ȥֵסЩľȻƾŷ˾ߡ
ôϻ֪˭ùأߺһնŴļʸһ߶ž˵
Ժŭô˵ˣ㣬Ҳصôʺĵط
˵ţеľܼˣոǻëëϸĻôھǴˡ
ߺͷϣȻ弱ٵתŵһƵĵӰ
ҲʾԼеȳһŵ뽫֮ȥǣЩʸ·ˣкü֧͸ƻõ˾ߡ
ǡ㣡ߺ֪첢ߣʽԵҲƫɣ
ߺתѸٵԣ⼸֧ꡣ
ȻûƳһۣǲǿŴᴥ㻹ţ
˵ţߺȻ˵ˣĿתǿô
ո㸧ǿŴǣߺ졣
ָոǸطߺ弸˲Ǹط־Ǹطȥϵļֶһ
춼кüβ㱻УȻߺ˲ǿŴһ£ļ˲Сˡ
ߺȻ죬һô
ɻˣովΪ
ڼʸ֮еľѾˣǼܼˡ
ߺ˲ǰɷ˵ߣ˲ǿôԱߣþִһ¡
磬ʸ˲ʧˣڰеļ궼һ˿˿ɫȥ
һסˣô£
ߺصһЦӦþǽˣŴǽƵĿأֻҪһ´ͻļʸڴһ£ͻֹͣơ
Ҳǵֻ̬Ҫ֮¼꣬Ͼ˲ԸڶΣȴǡúƵĿء
ֱΪֹֻһֱһֶ࣬һֱһֵٶȿ죬ҲԽԽ
һʼʱľߺоԼֻкǿǼѾˡ
ߺڲֵĻ˾ͻ᳹׵ɥڴˣΪ֮
ôֵģЩȵ
ûз֣ЩʸʵľγɵҪȻôǿļʸȥǧٿף
϶һأֻǲ֪Ҫǹضѣֻöһˡ


347 ոβ
ߺ˾һ֮󣬷Сˣǲȥκζˡ
㽫ľ£Ͼľ֮кжôǿδ֪ôǿģҲĻһǿġ
ǸߺֹŻãȥ֮Ը˵ĵˣȫԽ֮
ߺţʹǺ۷壬һ߶вֻҪǲƵĿأôܵһ֣ǻữΪɻҡ
żˣߺ֣ǿʲô̶ȵˣܽż֮£ȻôǿĽơ
ߺûʱô࣬ΪЩֹ㲻ȥ㡣
ߺ߼䣬ȻһŻƵѸײڶ֮ߺ뾰ߣȻ˺ܲҵ档

ߺֻܵľɫһߣһĴԭˣһµǵиָǳ
ֻߺǰǶ׷վĿӸߺ˫֮ɢ⡣
ߺһУҴ⣬ΪǰЩ޶źصĲ
ԼɱǧǵޣҪһЩʱ䣬ǲĻһСľͻڷ
໡Ȼһֻŭ𣬸ţЩ޷ߺ
ߺҲ͵ǰȥ˳־һ˸ոպе޺ϣһͽ
ţߺȺʩչ¾һһޡ
Щ޺ɱնߺɱ˲ֻ֪ˣϵȻǧǡ
ĸߺ۾ɱˣֻ֪ɱ¾˭ǰͻᱻɱ
еĵһƬƬӰӣӰӾĵطһƬҵѪƬƬѪĴɢȥ
ֲ֪ɱ˶೤ʱ䣬ߺ𽥵ľˣǰֻʣɱֻʣһĨĨѪɫĵӰ
ҲıĴˣûٻ赶ˡ
ʱ򣬺ȻоԼǰһǸлȪ֮۵ĽָȻŹߺͷһˡ
ߺȻعֹǻþƵ½͵߶ˣ
Ȼֹ֪ص㣬а취Ըˡ
ߺһеһ˴֮ϣվںˮ֮ϣߺʼԼ
ʴ֮ߺ˫͵֮еĺЩԼ°ٶҡ
ϣ˲ͽ涳ˣֻþĲԶˣҾҪɱԼ򿪡
ߺһ˿֮ɫţһںϵı̱ߺСȥ
ֻһ˲䣬ͽ֮ˣıʮɣֻһ˲ͱߺɹĶˡ
ţӵʱ䣬޾ȻȫΪŧˮţЩ޾Ȼ仯һŰɫ塣
ߺ۾һȻǧͷ޵ĻǣֶǿĶ
Ҫ֪ܹγģ֮γڵĻҪ٣οǧֻǺصˡ
ȻʧȥǿǣĻĻС
ߺովǲ棬ؿλõö飬¸ߺξͻˡ
ΪλþʮֵĸȻӵԻĵãոոߺͱԻ˱ģԲֻ˷ĹܵĻû
ȻãǾͶ°ɣСȥոǣߺĬĬ߶ȻЩİɫ֮УһֻǳСӰ
Ӱǧͷ޻УʮֵĲԣǸߺΪۣ֮ʹҲǳ˿ɱȣͿ
ŭ֮ߺЩ޻Լĸʴ֮ʱ䣬Ҳĸˡ
ߺһǸСɵӰͳڸߺֱߣߺϿʼۺ˲䣬һСıγɣŽСɰӰ˱ڡ
ǸСһĻһֻֻ꣬βͣǰӡ
Ϊ޸ûʵ壬Сܶ࣬ߺԿ϶ӵĻǰһޡ
ֻ֪˶೤ʱ䣬˺ܶ࣬ټѾûˣŻô
Щޣʵ϶ֹףһǿޡ
ߺĿֻ޵Ļ壺֪ܹ˵ĻֻҪǿϳңҴӦҺɵҽǴȥô
Ǹɫ͵صͷߺ¶һ˿΢Цҿ㻹ôżӦҵǣΪҵūͣɷڣԸ˵ˣ
ߺ˵꣬¶һ˿̵΢Ц⿪ʼָۣ۳һУͬģֲǵĻ꺣УֻҪһǾͶˣ
һ£ǸûзӦˣҪ˵ͷԼʱ֮ͬ󣬱㷴ھͺˣǡ
ҲǸߺǵ֮֮ѧģһֱûлʩչΪûʵģȴ˸ߺԸ
ԼһֱȽϹϵķֲ뵽һڣȻԼͷһͻڻڲըǻҲữΪƬ
ַڶԷԸʵʩΪֲǺΣյġ
˵ǿֲ룬ԼǿԷǧٱȻĻֲ벻ȥ
һʮֹϵĿ֮ߺҲڵ֮֮еϢҵƬζѡ
˵Ϲǿߣ඼ǲ⴫ģߺҲΪʲô֮ɭż֮еĵ֮š
Сһ˼˰죬Ͼͬˣ͵ڳûˡ
ߺ֪Сһ뷨˵ʹһûеɱǵĿԣ
ߺ仰һǸСһĻһ£˵ʹ˵ͷ
ȫſȻĻѳɹŶߺöСһͷȥ
Сһ׵壬Ȼһ͸ߺһ۾ͿˣԼıǴ͸ĵطȥ
ԡ
һڸߺŵĿ֮УǸСһ꿪ʼŨ
۾ߺߺһָоĿ֮еĻȫ
ˣһִǰĸоڵıá
ԭۣĻֻ֧Ҫû屻ǵҲȫˣߺ¶һ˿΢Ц
ҵȷǼ񵽱أȻֻÿ㣬ͿԿЩޣߺǸСһԺ֪֮һС
ЩǰȫǳһصޣҲޡ
Ȼ䣬һһ˴ǵֻɱȻǧֻ޻ǡ
СһϹޡβ
ʱֻβҲ֮һİĻþʩչʹǳʦҲҪס
û뵽ǸǰȴһֻһβĻǾ뿪壬зȥ
Ūһ󣬽ЩȫС


348 
ԭһ˵뷨ǽУȻеǧֻ޽֮ɵ
û뵽ȻΪϹ޾βĴڶ䡣
βǻޣʵǿģԽе֮ܣе޶
Ȼû֮Ѫ޷ǩԼԼİ취Լ뵽ǿ֮С
ȻԼȥո£ʱ䣬һͳΪ޵ϴ
ո֮󣬾Ϳʼڲı󷨣֮ɻ
û뵽꣬ȻɹˣԣҲͳΨһᶯ󷨡
ȥĵطΪ֪ǸɽУǸȥҲûг
ʹҽ룬ԼĵطҲҺҴΪǰ벿ֵ֪֮Ǻ벿ֵͲãҲкܶǲĴڡ
ԣɴڵһֵɭصεЩ꣬Ѿɭ˱飬еκν֪һ
Գ˸ոһĻǣû뵽αɱ˽أû뵽˿ˣһΪū͡

ߺ˵ͷͷˣҲ㹻ģû뵽˽Ը˵Ըɣ
ߺЦˣҳȥɣЩꡭ
ߺһ£ŭ֮
Ǿ޴ı鿪ʼᣬ۵СЩҲˣһӡŭ֮С
ߺַڱϣ֮˴ָžβҳȥɣҸûȥˣ
ǱľβСһߺܵľɫʼת䣬𽥽ߺĵط
ߺ˫һâǰֻ˸Ĵ۾Ÿߺֻۣڵ˫֮С
Ҳ١ߺһëȻһžǰȥ
໡Ǻ

˵ߺ֣صĵǸҿʧ֮У湥˰죬㲻лҲͰˣң߷߲ƽڸߺĺŸߺ
ߺ˵˭ţûôʲô໹ֱͨͨأ˵Ͳŵ㣿

˾ֺƽܰȥߺ֮󣬾ͽβ˳úס塣
󣬾βԼЩ֮۳һ״ֻβ͡
֮󣬸ߺһӣǺ۳ɱβʹãΪ˾βĵһ
Ȼ壬ȴǱģԺѿƣβʼʱ˰죬ſסӡ
βͷһγУβֵҡ壬ܲϵԾ
òҪƣȻĻӿɲߺں浭˵
쿴˾βˣʵ̲סˣֵܣǵǸʲô⣿
Ļոճ˵β˲ǰ۾ݺݵĶž죬˫
ߺĿ˾βһۣ㻹СЩһﲻô߿Žǧ޻
һµı飬֮Уߺ˲ţεҡҡ֡
һӣһǰȻٴһӣǾ޴ıȻһǽڡ
ɣߺתȥʵڲֲ̿Ҿ徵ľ󰡡
βһʼΧס죬Ĵֳ޵Ļ塣
еʮɸߣԳ˫ȭأؿʼҵ
ߵһͷܣ߶ʮɣÿһ£ռ䶼һֱһȻ
ǵڻþ֮д޵ʱ򣬸ߺǷ˾ʹʮնŽ֮ɢ
ʱѾ˷ûȥô꣬Ȼߺͳˡ
Ҳҿߺ񣬷ߺҲòǧ
໡
ǾҾ徵Ľս̫Ѫȣתһ¾ͷһǵʿˡ
ʦʲôһֱ׷ʦͽˣֱ׷ǿűŸоԼһͷ¿һ㱻ˣˡ
ˣΪʦϹ𣿡޹⣬˲ŭˡ
棬ЦǺǵĿʦͽˣĺϷ˰ɣӦû£
ЦЦʦͽ˻˼
εҡҡͷæһ߰ɣΪʦص㲻򣬽ʹ֮Ϊʦһ£
ЦЦʦϴȥ̫֮ϲҸоЧܲȥɣ
ԼʦͽܵģЦЦ˵ʲôȫƷſ񷶼ѿˡ
;ֳɵص㣡
ַ·𻯳һУĻӶظһλϣȻѿһ϶ʹһȥˡ
ʦҲȥ̫֮ɣ˵ܹʲôʿ
ԼʦԶȥıӰȻоҲԼˣô簮ͽΣʲôɵ鶼ˣʲôҲûеõ𣿻Լͽ̰ܵᡣ
յķƵ˽պȻԵЩΣЩΪʦȥʦѾڼߣԱΪʦǵ˵ļʲôΣգ޷㰡
ʦҲˣȥʦɣʿȻ˵
ﱻģ˫ͨ죬ֲС;˭Ҳ˭ΪԼȲˡ
ͽϣԼѾ˼һʸߵģû뵽Լ簮ͷԡ
ΪʦǲģΪҡû˵ʲôͳˣһŲȥ
˵ǣΪǰģԲ
УһϷʵһҪϵ㣡ʿ˫һ֮⣬ݺݵ˵

˰ɣߺű׵ľʵ
켱ٵĵ˵ͷ¸ߺڲţһһΣԼ治
һиС󣬱Ҳְɣߺ˿ϵľβ˰졣
βҲƵĿŸߺҪԼ֣ϾӳʼԼûһء
˵Ϊһ֣죬׷棬
ȵȣְ֣Ϲ޾β϶ЩҪãʲôƣŲס
ͽССŰɣߺ˼˰Сʱ˵
β˻ɫȫ׵ˡ
СԱߵľҲĿɿڴĿž죬Ҳ׵ˣ˰Сʱ뵽𣿡
û˿仯ɵɵĵ
ûϾҵĳֶ󣡡
βˣҲ̫ˣҴˣԴ˵ǸСҾͲӦñ̫ϣССš
ڵľβѾȫˣֻɵɵ߶ˡ
ߺܸܵСŵסĵ˵ͷֺãһѾôмˡ
С֪ڸߺ뷨᲻иߺͬھ뷨


349 Ϯ
СţǸߣһʱڣߺ㿪ʼϵĺβΪСˡ
ÿ֣СŶһΣʲôǣֲұʾ̫
ϾͬڱĳԼٶǰжϤһ
ҿڵĸߺûעľٶר־ں;֡
˵Ͳܳһ⻹һģߺԱ߿ǿŵĳ࣬һЩΡ
Ƴ˸ߺһۣ㵱Ȼżˣʵ˫˫ؾ磬Ա߻кܶصСܣҾͲͬˡ
һ˵ţһ߸ĳеǿ⣬ߺΣָԷ˵˵һѾ˿ԣٵġ
٣㲻˵ˣڽǿˣߺ˵仰ȴʮֵĺڡ
ʱСźȻߺߣˣѾɭֵıԵˣǵڶףɶǿ󷨣СһЩ
ߺһľļ򣺡ֵܣͷϷСһЩɣ
ҲˣˣȻ֪ĲôˣСŸ߸ߺȻıȽΣգҲӦкô
˵ֵĻͻɹرѡһֻ޵ĻǣֱƵΪֹ
СŽ󷨸ıˣԴ֮ûиߺһֻ޵ĽǸߺҲǴˣԼ˹
С˵ǰֵЩ֮н٣ûУÿƶҪġ
иߺϵǸǱȽеȵģǿģ˵ֵˣ¸ߺ˻̼䱻ݻ١
⣬ߺҲǰ죬ҿСŲڱԼ󷨸ıˣȻԼ;컹ıô׵߳Ƭɭ֡
ǽҲҲѲƤŪ۸첲۰
ߺ뾰СŵĴ£һ·߳ɭ֣žɭֱԵסˣһ
һССȦڵϾͷԼĹ⻪еɫģɫġ
ǰЩ⻷ɸߣ͸һ¥ƵģߺĿϾӣ̻ԭ
ڸ⻷мз϶һľһ㣬·ֱͨԶɴɽ
СŸ߸ߺǰЩ⻷СģĴ⻷ɱЩҪö࣬ʮɶߵĶС
н֮ǰ⻷ĴСӰ󷨵
ںǲͲǺˣΪҲûȥ
첻ţһ⻷˽ȥĺܳɹ켸Ǳȥġ
Сʱ󣬾ƵĳˣСţǲƭ˵ģôоһôûУ
С죬Цߺ֪С˵ʲôæʵʲô
ͷһްɣʵ˵㣬Լֻкǿʵ
С㣬㿴Ӧֻ޵ĻǣӦǽ֮ɱ֮󣬾ûֻæҳˣ㳹Ʒ޵ĻӦñһöʯ
ߺ˿СţȻԾ˵
ʲôʯôңھٽȥһΣ˵žȥߺæ֮ס
ʲôȥղ㻹Ǳ޻˻ģȻĻ֪󷨣õʯҲûܣ
ԭҪõʯȫ޻֮۲˰죬־첢
Ϊ˾λ޻Ǿһ϶Ȱ˱ˣԼҲˣֶΪأ
ʯԹ߻ָôǺ߱ȽϲĶΪȽγɣҲ˱ȽĴڡ
ܹܣǾͲǺǿĻʯֻʯܹΪһ׻ʯҪǺġߺҲЦ
ڸߺԱߵСŴһֱ޽ڲ޵⣬Լǻɣǲĸˣ
Ҳûʲô취ˣСֻεҵ棬һҪƽ£Ȼ˵Լ£Լпܱһʯա
Ϊ֮ûģԾԲγɻʯһΪ̫޷̫ۣ޷γɻʯ
ǿ֮Ѿ۵һֵزˣǿγġ
߳⣬ǶעʣⷽǡЩ޼ʹǴﵽ۷壬Ҳ޷ʹӵۣ޷۳ꡣ
Ҳ֮Ĳͬ
ôǲǾǴ֮ķ϶ߣߺСš
С˿һ۸ߺҪô򵥣ôż˻ȥأһǷǽ˶ԹڶˣôǸ˶Կ
ߺҲǣ㵹֪֪·ҿûʱ棡
СŲмĿ˸ߺһۣǱˬ¸ߺ壬ͷǰȥߺֻȻԶһɫȥ
ˣҲڽսȥɣߺСź
СûߺĽкɵĽУߺһסˣۻˣȻԼ󷨣Ѳɻ뽫֮ɻôҪıɻҪȶꣿ
ãСûøߺȶ೤ʱ䣬һӵʱ䣬ԴͺȻ̽ɻĿߺ
Уߺ˼ǵʲôôȷ·;
ߺŰɵ뾰һ̤Ǹ󷨣ǸСһﻹûƭԼ·;
֮󣬸ߺ󷨴濴濴ӡ
濴󷨱ȽϾǰЩ棬ɫģ඼ɫǳһЩ
ţ˴Լ죬ߺ֣һ֮У֮ȴȻھԭ󷨺Զĵطڲͬĵط֡
Ŀռ䣿Щÿռ֮Ĵ󷨣ߺкȻ֪ż˵׵ʲôĵز
ȻܹռʵʹǳΪǧһҲΪɡ
ߺ֪жǿ󣬵ǣλռ̶ҲҲȲ˰ɡ
ֻǰʱ䣬ߺ뾰ߵһλϣڸߺ뾰ո߳󷨣һԼʮɵĿ϶ͳ˵ǰ
ôʱߣߺ뾰Ҳûзֹ֮оȻôķ϶
ô£ߺʮǵСš
СŸ߰Լͷû˵һɫӰͺȻڸߺ˵ǰ
Ϊػ󷨵ޣȻְأնǸɫӰһŤȻ仯һ߳ߣŵꡣ
ֳһɢ޹⣬ȻǱ˿ˡ
˭ߺ̲סʵ
̧ͷ˸ߺһۣԵ޹ʣҵػ֮أն
˻ո˵꣬ûеȸߺӦһߺն
Ǹ˾ߺףǣһǽȻѸٵĳڸߺǰ


350 
ʲôȻô죿ߺһ̳УԼ֮ǰסϮĽ
ϡ
ռһ΢𶯣һĻߺȻȥڵѳֱߡ
ãߺ˿棬һľΪ沢ʲôյأһɫ󷨣ߺ֪ܲסˣսʱ̣Բܱ
еݺݵĲ˵£ǿԼͣס
棬Ҳ˳ȥֻȽˣΪǻ壬Ʈɵģб֮дԼƮһٶס
ȻһȻʧˡ
ߺһ֣ô£
СߺļϣߺҪΪܹż֮кҵķɣϿտĽƣ껹壬ֻҪͱɡ
ߺ˿ǸҪն꣬ЩΣοǰɣôţ˵лĿܣ˳˵Ͳ
˵꣬ߺҲûпմˣȻͲԼʲôˣҲǸߺŪģԸߺûеõʲôô
ôأߺʵ
СűʾҲ֪߹ֻߵǴģһʵǳֲļһ˼СܣǼһֲߣѾˡ
ߺݸ¿ֻͲܣҲǣʵͲǿôʲô֪أ
꣬ߺҲܹͨĵ汧ϣϾһ·ͨôԼܾܿͻһ
һ·ϣΣյĪڴĽСջḻҲΣǸߺþ콫ǿŴǿľԼˡ
߰ɣǾһԣЩ󷨵ǿʲôز˵ţߺͺԥһȥ
Сæںţ͸˵ˣԼȫǿЦܵ顣
ߺո̤󷨣ͷ֮վһ͸ողˣֻϵ֮ȴһ֣һֿ񱩵Ϣ
ߺʱǸڼ£ߺ˿ʵҲ˯ǻ᲻˵ţߺתͷϵСš
СֵҡҡͷʾûʲôҪ˯뷨
ߺ˵ͷͺãҲҪ˯ĻҲҪԷһǧͷҿ
ߺѯʣεĿһȻװոӣ˭ΪϢ
ߺɵ㶵ĿȻСţǻԭôġ
նߺû˵꣬˺Ȼ۾ڵһ飬һС
˾еĵ˲ߺǰߺ
ߺͷأȻղǸһ㣬˵ͽԼһ˿Цݳϡ
Ȼϣǵȷǿߺ૵ȴҲţһС
ҿɲʧȥ콱Ļᣬɣߺ˵ţеԼǰ
ȵǻǵĵոҪߺʱ򣬸ߺĵȻһתȥһξ룬Է⵶ʧĲʱȻʹԷĵ˻ȥ
û뵽˵ս黹ḻģȻ˳һתԸѸ͵ߺն
ߺһУȻ֪ԷǿԷҪһǣ֮ǿȴΪԼں۷׶Ρ
ߺһԲǸߺĶ֣Ǹߺûô
ΪǰӦߣȻĻԲܱ浽̶ֳȡ
ѵɱһЩǿߣǵĻҲˡ
һţߺż㣬⿳ԼһȻѸ˳ȥ
ž޴εĳӵɢǸߺ̫ǿɵġ
Ҫ̵Էؿڵʱ˺Ȼֱ̧ȥת˹һߺȥ
Ҳȣߺ
ûеȸߺ̫ȣԷѾߺĸǰˣߺԾǡöһϮ
ҾͿǲģߺ뵽˫Ⱥݺݵȥ
һûøߺĶߺţ˵ԷǻĻԼ˫һǴ
ߺ𾪵鷢ˣԼ˫žȻߵʵ֮ϡ
һԼĽűߵ¾ͻۣæߵĵȥ
ѾʱˣߺϷŹҪɣǿһ²ɸߵ󷨣סˡ
ҽǰ̽ȥŵ˵ϣѸٵĶ£ٶǸ˵ͷ­ɨȥ
æһתߺȵȥ
䡭
һ𣬸ߺԷ󵹷ɳȥڻûзɵʱ򣬸ߺԷȻͬʱץ˶Է壬ֹԼ嵹ɳȥ
໥˲ûеɳȥε˵Ϯȥ
䡭󷨶ʼҵߺ׼ᣬջأ۽ץסԷֱⲿԷͷϮȥ
Է⣬ޱ飬Ȼһٶʮȣߺͷ£ײȥ
ôݡߺ
֮󣬱֪صļӲ̶ȣֱȶϼӲȣԼغŵ˼һ£еͷͲŹء
ֻ÷ˣߺѸٵɿǸˣ˫ֺݺݵһѣ÷ȥ
һٴγУݺݵĲڵϣ̶סԼ塣
ߺ彥ڵϻУҲԽԽһͣˡ
ԷҲ෴ȥڰ·ϣͬߺһеĵ˵档

ߺϵĴϢһսʵ̫ḻˣս֮ʵԽԽǿڸߺЩ϶ԷĲˡ
ǸĿŸߺ˫֮ȻǺɫģŵŸߺѰŸߺ㡣
ߺֱЩˣԷǲ֪۵ĿܣѾսˣûֳʤ˵ԷԽԽǿ
㼤ҵˣߺа߶
˵ţߺ建վϿʼϵԽԽǿԽԽ䡣
ߺ˫۽ѩɫ˫֮У״ֳߺͫ׷ֳݡ
СӿʼԼ֮еˣ쿪ʼ˷ܣûߺԼսء
ߺܿʼѩǷΧǳĹ㣬鲼֮С
С¶ܵı飬ϾڵǺѩǿʡ
ȴͬˣоԼʮֵĺ䣬ӽ˱֮У°ٶȶ˵̫ˡ
оԼ忪ʼˣϽԼ֮е
Ǻ䳹ǣǸ˸ӲˣߺҪĿѩ˵ӵĶ࣬иߺ˫֮еĺ⡣
ĺǿȻҲ͵ΪֹˣߺɫĮ˵


351 սִ
ߺһ˵ٶȱһ벻ֹߺ弸˲ͳ󣬸߸ϵ˵㣬ˣ
˵ţеĵ߸߾𣬺޻εն
æеĵߺֵߺ˫һռ
ߺĵ£˵Ķȴͣ˿УĿŵԼͷ­֮
ৡ
ߺĵͬһſǸŵҲһ壬ߺϻƶȥֻһգ۵Ĺͽ˸ߺ塣
ţߺӦĿԼ壺ô£
ţߺԺӿϢЩǽ̸ôսģսܽʡսܳ־á
ãߺ˫ۣϵĵͷԭô£ǸһսսӦҲˡ
Уߺˣеսȫ߷֣ȵԼȷܹﵽԷϵʱҲ١
෴ûţҲѸٵĳԽʡ
ӸոյϢиߺ֪˲һ꣬ȻҲһˣֻһ֮սִѡ
ͱ˵˵սʶǳǿսʶǿǿеĳڿ֮УôܵȻ˵ȲǰĴˣҲࡣ
ߺǽˣһȽϾʵսľͬӰһٵڸߺԺ֮
˵ĻߺӦ˵洫ӡ
Ϊߺڼ̳սʽõȵȡ
ԭôǿ󰡣ֵ֣ˣߺԺ֮еսԾ˵
ԭͨЩ󷨣ĿԵõͬĺô
ߺԱߣֵʵ𣿿ҸոտսƾûʲôͬΨһͬҲعˣԷǳǿ󣬲ôŬ˼ҵĶ֣Ϊ
һе飬Ըߺ˵
ߺҡҡԼָͨոյսҷ֣ʹսǲʤôȥʹʮ죬Ҳߣҵ类ĵĲˣ
ôֲɣ쾪ȵĵ
΢Ц㲻ոԼһ£ҸոհսʽսĻٿټ죡
ߺָǿǴȫս֮ãÿһжȫһ
ֻǾΪģǸߺ˵ǣеĻȫһܴյĻͨһ
Сߺļϣ۽ĿŸߺô˵ûдɣֻҪأôõĺô޿
ߺҲʮͬĵ˵ͷ룺СŹȻָƣոջ֮һˡ
СҲĨһѺҿģǸͷӻûƭǣȻĻֲˡ
ǺǣСţĲһģߺЦǺǵСŵӡ
СҲЦ˼£ڸߺֻ˸ûе뵽Ҳ֪ʵСҲϹɵġ
ߺǸɱ֮Ͼƿˣߺ˴˳
һʲôҲսִĻҽ֮סһߺž˵
Ҳ첲ߣӣҲҪ˵ĶԲԣûô񰡣
СһǧҪɹȻ֪ôĥأô޾֪϶Ǻǵģ
СŵУһȥһҪеƿӡ
ˣڶսִξȥġ
Ϊսִ֮ǰĲͬǴսȴģһ֣ڶӿǻҳŶԡ
ߺС֧һ濴սļ״
첻Ϊ죬汻ҰսȾḻ̫ˣߺȷһߵսִȻ£ܽ
ӼֱǲҲ̶ãȸǧֻ޻Ǳ仹Ҫҡ
ʵڿȥˣҲ̫˰ɣߺžɱ˵Ŀ⣬֪Լǲ֣ɶҪˣԳԵ٩
һߵ٩һͷųԼ˫ۺ޸ǸӰȥռ
һ˲䣬˹ȻͣˣĿžʹŭǸ˵ͷϡ
֮еǣǸӰȻһ壬֮ǣ岢ûȥŸߺȥ
һߺĿɿڴȻҲûߺ೤ʱ䣬͵˸ߺǰˣŽԵʯٶ˸ߺ塣
⡭ߺû˵̱˫ۣǸ˵սսŵӰһ㣬ڸߺԴһ
ߺ۾кۣһָһѸٵĴӸߺָȥСУڸߺָǿ£ٵ˷ȥ
챾Ǻ⣬ǵЩйԼŵʱ򣬺ȻоϿĻ»¡
еȺԥĴ򿪣Щеֵȥ

ӵϣ췢ЩоȻǿĹһرϤǸոǸսִԼսʱʹóʽ
ô᣿콫ЩȫֵұȸոʹõĻҪãֱǲͬն
ߺ΢ЦĿŸߺǵȻǸ˵ҪüٵķǿĹ
Ϊʲôոɱأ֪⣬ʹʸߺҲûãԸɴཫĿСŵϡ
С޹գգ۾ߺȴ˼һӦ˵˭ʧȥս˭֮ɱ
˲ǻˣҲ֪Щһֱһ졭ָŸߺȻһ̬һ
ߺ˻֣ûµģҽЩʽͺˣȥǰ취Ҫӿˣ
Ҳͬĵ˵ͷʾνҪ˵ЩսִûģЩ˼ֱǱ̬ҲֻиߺɵĽǻɡ
ߺž˽ȥ֮󣬸ߺ˴˳ߺǣԼʲôҲûеõǰٷְٸǰֻԼðˡ
ߺ˼ӿٶȣǽ֮ӣһ޾ͳˣߺҲսִһЩǿ޻ǡ
ЩޣߺǾɱȥˣߺѾƿһٶ󷨣ȻĿһ·
УߺֻһʮִϢһɱģҲһλõġΪɱսִߺСʱ
ŭ֮븯ʴ֮ˣſ֮ɱ
ߺ˰죬ûܹ֮ףֻţ֮ʱٲˡ
ĿʯֿߺҲ˼ʯ뾰ƽˡ


352 ;ͬ
ߺոǸսִ˼ҵɱԼĻһЩһöʯ
ڵϣʯͷԼ֮ϣ
ڻʯ֮нƮ˿˿ɫߺüĴȥߺüλãһ˲˽ȥ
ͬʱߺԺҲһ˿ɫȥָʹߺһ˿˿ǿ
һߺޱȵ˷ܣֲгϴûʯģ֮һ֣ͻᱻ߼۹ߡ
ǼֱۣǧʯǾͶ顣
ϵĻʯߺȽͬ޻ǶγɵĻʯ
Ͼһ껯ɵĻʯˣôоеʳͬƵģøߺоһЩ
γɵĻʯȽܸߺﰲοʵ߶ǲģرǿӲĸ۳ɵһʯͷѡ
е˼Ͳˣһӵʯͷ
ߺоԼָˣ˾ߣ߰ɣ֪жԶأ
˵ͷţߺ˵ż˵Ĵڣоôʱ䣬⻹䣿
ߺ֮ͣ˼һ£֪뷨ͦԻģǶҪֱǰΪû·ˣ
ЩΣߺ˵Ĳȴؿ֮⣬û·ˡ
˵ˣжиεĽƣһСľһʼǸսִƵģ˲ʧӰ١
ˣΪʲôǸһԳСһﶼǼһȻԳ󷨣Ȼ뵽һʼǸýˣʵ
ģô֪ߺһȻ
ڴ֮УСſ˿׳գڲŷ
ԼҲ֪ô˴û⣬ȻԼļһ
Ǹе𣿡ʱһˡ
붼룬ͬ˵ϻ˭֪
˾Ǳһ彩ӲתͷŸոĵطһ
ǺôƢأܣĵ¿η룡ʱǸԱҲ˵СŸղŷ˳Ц
磬ŲҽϣԶҲ˵˻Ǹĵ
ʱĸӰȻһǰҿߵ˷ǳСŸߺˡ
󣬵ڶʮֵĺã¶ϵļʮֵ͹ŭĿˡ
˺ûκα飬˲࣬ͬʯͷ̵һ㣬ʹǷκ飬ıҲᷢκα仯
Ҳ˫ɱڵŶˣովִˣֻ֪˭Ǹո˵϶˭Ǹո˵
ĸ˲࣬ǲǰһޱȱ˵΢֣˫øߺв١
ˣҪˣǴ֮ˣһС˵ˣ̱͡
ϴ󣡡
һ˵ߺ̾˭϶˭ˡ
˵ߺסǵո˵Ǵӷ֮йһ㣬Ů١
Ƚˣϴ϶ʮֵᣬʮߵϡ
һͱȽȷˣΪʼû˵仰ֻĿŸߺˡ
һ°ɣĸĹ֮УػߣߵͽܣǸС˿ס϶ľ֮󣬶Ÿߺ˵
ʱ϶Ȼ´½һ㣬ŸߺϵСŴкˣСһ𣿺þòˣ
Сſ̶֮ڸߺ棬ɪɪҳ
Сŵʶ֮Уߺ֪ˣ϶ǵļǿĴڣһ˺üֻصꡣ
ߺˣֻһֻصޣΪ𵱳軪డ
϶ӣ·ֻһСЦȻĻһٵľͲǼֻ޵꣬Сǧֻˡ
ʱĸ˵ˣ·Ծһ䣬ֻ˵ߺ;Լ챻ˡ
оֺ䣬ʹǻȪͼĻȪۣ֮ǰϰٷ֮һı̶ȡ
ʱҪǽСôҸұ֤һľ񣡡
϶˲òãô˵ҲӦһ˿˿ذɣ
ĵ˵˭ôŵϴβ㽫ˣôǻҪ೤ʱ䣿
˺ˣҪ˵ˣʱϴŭˡ
˹ԹԵı죬һں˼ӣ棺ϴ룡
ȥûˣһòã
ϴתǵһߣԲصȵǱˣ
ߺŷӳ˳һ£ո˵һĹ
ϴ˵ͷһλƷ£е£׵ġ
վޱ˵һλ̫꣬ʱڵĵһ֣˫ħ𣡡
𣿡ߺɻʵ
Ĳ֪ôشˣ˵ͻƷǿ֮ˣʱͻ֪ˣ϶˼һ£Ըߺ˵
ߺ֮૵˵˫ħ̫ŵһ֣𵱳һΣ
˭뵽仰ȴ϶ˣУСһʦһͷ˿׵нħ
仰һߺ뾰ǳȣô˵缸֪һˣ
Ժ飬ݺ˵Ǹոɱǵִʦϵһ˿Ϣ֮һɵִҲһ˿ֻҪ˹سɹͻΪǵСʦܣ̳ʦĴС
ҽһ£ͬͬĸֵܣ
϶վҽнܣ
飡
ĵĵǣ
ߺϵİƣȻ˷ܵصĴ꣺ֺ֣һʲô
ϴ󵭵˵̫֮ûϵģֻһֶѣ
ǼߺʮֵΡ
˵ˣεһأ߰ɣ
ǽ˺ԭأûʧ
ߺɻĿɫȻϴϴ󲻻⼸λûҮ
֪ߺʲôϴ󵭵˵Ѿˣ
Ļո˵꣬Ӱͽʧڷ֮Уֻµʧںڰ֮С
⡭ϲ£졣
һˣһɣ
ǰɣ磬ʵǸսǲΪ𣿡ߺ뾰ͬ
˭˵ǸҶսˣⶫܹٸҾˣ˵ţһӣһƪƾճǣƯš


353 
ǿˣ͹أĻͱǸˣǱԶֵˣֱλˣ˵֮һתʧˡ
ʣ¸ߺ뾰ԼҲ֪ǺˣֻǴĿǰǸɫ֣֪˵ʲôˡ
ʲô֣ߺɵɵʵԴе㵱Ӳת졣
ҡҡͷĲֱ֪˵ǰˣʮǰ˶ʶɣ
ߺε˵ְ̫ɣǺã

ʱ޾֮УϴƬ𣿡
˵ͷȻˣΪʦԸҸƪʦļ⣬֮⣡
Үĸ˴Цİƻףһ¡
ʱ򣬷ǺȻʵȷʶ֣ǿ̫֣ڵֱּȫͬϵ
϶һ£е
ε˳źôȥĻûлٻصˣ
٣Ͽ콫̫͵˵ԺУַε˵
ε̾һǵ׸磬Ϊʲôǵʱȳģ
ϿȥȻһȺŹˣ˵ţֵĦȭƣЌһٵơ
黹ǰãˣǿҪסϴģ
εĺ¿ġ
˵ҽ̯ʰˣҰ⽣ûͷûβ鰡
ҹȥɡһžͽ֮˳ȥ
İƣúúãոʱߵǰ߻Ǻߣ
˰죺Ҳ㲻ˣѽŵģˣСӲµģϾֻǷѣ
˴ͬԸܣ׼һ£ǽʱ򣬽Ǹռʱһ£ǾͲúķ̫ʱˣ
ţӦžȥ׼ˡ
Ƕʱӡס죬Ͼ㱾ʱ˽һ˿Աģŷ˵
ǵ˵ͷַһεߺǿռȥһ˲ͽǴռ
濴ȥ·ٵķĳЩ飬ߺ뾰Ķ˵з·
ǵһ£漴סˣǸطʱѾҵˣȴԼʮı
˵ͷÿο϶ĽҲˣ
һ꣬ʮıϣϿ뿪طķǵıԴܹصĻһҪ֮࣡Ȼһ˿֮ɫ
ϴûʲô飬ȥϢһ£ȵ˸ҳصʱһͺˣ˵˵ͷתʧڿС
ŷʧӰЩԲסǣϾڶǷʵͲ㱾֮һ
ηǿиıʱѾıԴǸߺ˲ͨ˵Ĺؿ·εķҪʧˡ
Ϊ˻صߣսĸоǼɷѿˣϣǲҪĸʧ˫޵ɱһƬƬռ̻롣
֮УԿռ֮Ȼǿֵز
˵ֲķܵǿû֪һֻ޴ιɱһֻԵ޹ʵı飬Ȼӿɵ
ּ䣬ݵĿռָ̻ԭ״յҲʧˡ
һĻǿĲ߿Ź֣޿ܹ׻ٵһƬߵĴڣвգޣһȥˣúҲûг
ǰȻһɱһͷеޣʵǿԼӸˡ
ߺ֪Լ˹أôһǿߵˣ᲻Цأ
ûп˼Щ⣬ʹ˸ҲЩ⣬ڵΪǰ֮ء
Ķߺ鲻ԽĿʼķʼ򣬸ߺıҲʼմȾԡ
ҲմȾ޷дԡ
ţǲأȻֿܣǱһôɣ˵ţһ
Ĺ֮У޾ƬռۼȥСС֮УϢŸߺ֮س⡣
ҪǿߺȻܹôľͽ֮ʵãԸоʮֵϣߺɹˣô˱пʦֵܵĹϵԸߺһЩôѡ
ھ죬ȫǹֵģֻ˲̫˱ˣԽҲΪ˿֮ˡ
ΪʲôôȷҪǸߺܵǸսִˡ
ϱӵжԲ⣬ֻܹΪ׼ߣԵߺǸսִɱ֮󣬼˱ˣΪΥ涨
ȻߺʱûֻΪ̫Ѷξβ֮ĽͣߺЩ򲻳Ķ˲һ˿⡣
ֻҪߺܽõԼıϣԼıΪ⣬ôߺξǹˡ
࣬ã㣬ԶʧĶôԶʧأ
һ¶ȸˣͻʧɢʱ򣬱Ȼʧ̫йȣǾȫȣﵽһ޹ȣȵĳ̶ȣҵı㲻ʧ
ܻĶѾˣǺˮǱͷ̫ˡ
̫ǹڰģڰĻǾֻܾˣʹﲻࡣ
ǾֻйſԹܣܹ¹ôɹأ

ߺǸռ䲻ϵĲ򣬶쿴֮ôҲףΪûжڲǣ̸֮˵
ߺãˣԼһ꣬һ꣬û뵽ɲࡣ
ڼ䣬ĶߺΪҲѾǿµĺˡ
͸ߺһľ죬ΪҲڿٵȻ͸ǰǸȫ˸ߺ
ԼǲϵһΪӺǿĽ׶ΣһԾأȻߺֻһΪ
Ͼһ꣬ĻžٶȻҪʱ򣬾Ѿ˶ʮ꣬ٹҲǵذĵʮ׼޷Χˡ
ʵ˲֪ǵһ궼ûֻһʱѣֻոɱͷޡ
Ҳ˵ڽǶʮ꣬ߺҲʮꡣ
ϾԺʱѾȥһˡ
ǣһ꣬ߺȻԲû͸ϿʼɢŹâķǹâȴȵģǺޱȡ
Ȼһеĳһ죬ߺȻ۾һӣһǰϸһ
һֱעŸߺߺȻУ˲֣ߺ뾰Ƭռ
ߺ뾰ֻԼ嶼عԭʼûһ˿һ˰ڲĿ棬һֻϡ
оûж೤ʱ䣬˵ָоʧˣٳֵʱѾˡ
ȴûпˣǽĿƬռ俴ȥ


354 ڶ
ߺһƬ֮УͲȥת濴ȥҲæ濴ȥ
ֻԼ˸ոĿռУڼٵı任ܿʮࡣ
ʱ̫ˣǣӿһʱ䣡εҡҡͷѾȲȥˣѾ˲֪꣬һӵʱҲԸ
һ˲ڸߺǰ͵һأı뾭ʮ䣬Ϊǧز䣬Ҫʵˣʵͺˣ
˵⣬Ǳ㲻˵ˣǰһᣬߺɴǲı⣬Ϊ˼ֱǱԼҪ
ǣӳɵǧԸ
ֻǵ˵һ䣺ãȻһӣһεͽƬռˣĶӿı仯
ֱ̻ңΨһģǸߺոı
ߺıŹâͬǧ֮УԶĴһͬҫе̫档
ʲôɫЩŹ֣ȻЩŵΪҪʮܹأû뵽ô򵽲֮⡣
ʱ˵һţһ򣬾ͬһһˣ
˵仰һתʧˣߺĿ˿ոʧķǣɣǲ˵ʮǲʱ䣬ʱԶԶ
ʱ򣬽ܺȻԱߣ˵˵ʮıûû⣬ʣ
Ҳͬĵ˵ͷ˵˹أһ˹أԣһصĿ˰ɣ
Ҳ֤һԼʵѣҡߺҪԼıܹڶ꣬˵
ǣȴ˵ĻˣɡλСֵܣʲôţת졣
һ£죡
þ㿴ŰɣҪͶѸٵĽһصĿˣˣ߰ɣ˵겻ȸߺʲôӦһ֡
ߺֻǰһһƬ֮УͬǳһСĿռ䣬ڿԼ΢Ĺâ
ϾĿռ䣬ֻҪͻռ䣬Ӯˣ˵ţʧӰ١
εĿռ棬鲢ǲЩˣ֪Ĵ½ֻһͼĿռ䣡ΪߣʹߵȵĿռ߶ռ֮ģЩǿѣ
νóһ֧ԹԵĴתգ޾յʱǶȴһƬƬ޾Ŀռɢȥ
ɵĿռ䲻ϵڿɢģʼڿռ֮пʼγһƬƬռ䣬ͬڿγһƬƬǳһ㡣
ſռ䲻ϵĳ֣ܵɫҲԽԽˣ˧ʱȴһС
ֻԼıԴŪƬռ䰡Ƿˣʲôأصߣֻǻּ飡ε˵
ܽԼһЦҲûа취ֵƯˣÿζԴ֣ÿҶĵܣ뵽һ취δѣ
Уһ٣ʱĸ㲻㣬˼ֱִ̫ˣε˵
һת˵ʲôأ֪⣬ǺȤֻԴȡֻ֣һϷͺˣбԴֻҪصߣĸͲʲô
Žһ׵ģһʱ龹ȻԶԣ㡭ҡô˵ҺϴÿһζףҪľеıԴս𣿡
ܻ˻֣⵹ˣ֮У˵Ļأְأǵ겻ɣʹʤΣ
ķˣ˵ʵռ俴ôһˮɣ˻ֲ磬ÿһα۶ǽܵĶ֣ɴ೶⡣
ոҲ˵ˣΪ⣬ֻҪһռ֮ͿԳˣһ㣬Ҳ̫ѶԲԣ
˵꣬ԹԵĿʼ봵ʱǺȻԱߣ׼ˣ
ţСҲȷеŵܵĻո˵꣬ıзźǸռ˳
Щ䵽ܵʱȴͬûκζһ㣬ﴩ
ߵʱȴƹ飬ȥ
ŵľˣЩȫ̺Ų⣬ڷǵǰȴȻʧӰ١
ߺһ󾪴ˣ⼸λүʲôˣѲĹˣΪʲôôǿʵ
ոռ˵ûκҲ˵⼸ߵĿռ񶼸ıˡ
ǷǣܵľͲһռƵģʱմҵĸо
ĸ˵ÿһ˶һص㣬Ϊֵܣߺ߳٩
΢΢һЦ˵Ҳ˿ռֻ֮û뵽ὫĿƿռǿôѣ
ԭߺЩռɵɵĴԭط㶣ôǿĿռ֮ԼôܹƵ
ϵԼʽ湥Ƕ޲
󣬵ýռʱǸռȻ΢΢һ£ҲǷ˵֮ʱ
뵽Ȼܹռ䣬ܹƵռ䡣
ԣߺһӣڸߺĽ¿ʼռıȥǺɢҫ۵Ĺâ
ǹâʮֵĴۣƽ˿Ϲ˫۵ġ
תۼ䣬εĿռڱڶɢŹâĺˣռڲޱȵļ̣Ŀռȴϵ
顭ߺһȣЩȻȻȫըˣſռڱڵıſռڱڻһıУ˷ȥ
ڵĺӦܹһ˿˿Ŀռ֮˰ɣܽеһӣ֮УȻɢĿռ
ÿһռ䶼ȸոոߺͻƵǸռ䶼ҪЩռ佫ߺĲ֮ߺĺ֮оȻˡ
֧϶ͬߺип
ܾȻܿߺ룺ȻСֵϲ֧ھ͸ˣ
˵ܱ꣬㽫е֧˹ȥ
ߺӹϸĿһ£ľʮֵⲢûʲô֮뵽ոմһ˦Ȼ˿˿ռ֮淢һȷܷѽ⡣
ߺǣ֧Ȼһ֧ͨǼȻǸ͵ģҲ
һЦ͵͸һɣ
ˣǴ겻ı飬Ĵϵ
εĶ˵ʧˣǽƬռ֮һ㣡
ֻһӣߺ˱ˣ»صǴڣһգһƬ֣ǸǧɵĴɽ
żˣĻعͷô϶ûУ
ȷСԣСӹǹˣܵ˵С˵Ļһ׼ģ
ûа취ҲҪһ£Ͼĸְڣޱ˵飬ˣ


355 
ãֻǵ˵һ֣˫ߺһۣߺֻԼӯӯģͺܹ޾ķ磬ôѶѲȥ
ܿƵƮȥҶԲϵ쫷κˣô£
ȻѲˣߺˣҲԼͲǰֵ˵Ķ֣ԹԵأֻҪأǾͲΪԼˡ
һأֻҪܹѳЩӮˣûжĽֻͣǵ˵һ䣬㲻˵ˡ
⡭ߺո˵ͱ޾Ŀεһɶ޷ȥ
ߺ֮еٵᣬҪɱ̣ǣոմðͱ޾Ŀ紵ɢʧӰ١
ص˺üΣǾȵκͷųܹʩչˡ
ȻʹúҾñߺеͺһһС
ʱѸߺȰ㻹ǲҪˣҵķоȻֻһɷǳǿķ磬ɷ磬ĵԲֿܵסʴ
ɷ̫֮ϵеĶ˵̫֮Ҳûмƣû뵽ڸߺȫɷ硣
ĺˣȻԵôɷΧҺôôɷģߺĬĬ˵
֪ƾ˵ΪһܹԼ˵ĻЦ˸ߺĶͲ֪ˣܹͨأԺȻ׵ģ
˵գ˱㲻˵ˣߺһ
ôɷأǲܵ鰡ɷǿҪٶȣɷٶȼֱƽٵİٱ֮ϣ˵ϹιͬһϸҪ˵ˣ˵Ǻ鶥ߣҲǱɣ֮ػΪĩ
ߺϵ˼ˣܺ˴Ĳɿ
ֻͬåһ㣬һȭһŵģ쳣֡
Ĳӣ鲻ϵĶԽܵȥǲϵȭͷͷϻȥҿ⼸˲ƽˣȻ㲻Ҳ类ɵˡ
ڸʲôʱ򣬷ǺȻ⼸ǰ󻹸ž죬ʱľΪȻѾͻؾˣδϸߺΪһֱͬһ
ĿһȻתͷȥһǵѡ񣬷ӣͬåһܣĽζԼǲˡ
ȿȣû£û¡ֽţԸԼ顣

ε˵磬ڵ£ôģ
Ա߻Ŷ£ſڣ˼Сѧá
ţʲôţ죬һεӡ
һģ㵹ˣӲôϴμǵʹһˣôˣ
о죬֪ǰкָ̣Цһջǰֵ
˰죬벻һȻղŽСһֻΪ˱ζѣû뵽СӾȻҷԼ
Ȼ۾һָС˵˵տβտˣţӰɣ
⡭оЩΪѣԼǣǰֻβѾǻ֮ȫǸߺֵܵĺͿ
ɫԽԽѿˣͲ֪ôԼ̨£ֻҪβ߾ͺˣƫƫԼȥ
ǿԼɫֻ֪Ҫһ꣬ı꣺ҿ봫㶫Ͽлл
һ£ϲɫллǰллǰ
ҲʦֻҪߺͨ˿飬ʱϴļӰɣҲͲֵҵķ񹥻ǿܲˡ
֪ܲԱͼӴףǣϴ󻹴ûеأ˵ϴĸıµҲʮȥɣ
һ½ܵļ򣺡˵磬ѲΪͽ㲻ʺϣոҿˣСӵ⾳ƣϴã
ʲôһ¾۾Ҳһ㽫Լʽʩչҿ
ҲҴ⣬һǰ׶ͼУ֮ƣ
˵գݺݵһԶȥһѪɫԶֶȥֻ˫һѪƾȻѸٵСһˮСԲķȥ
һֱ㽫֮ץУȻϸĹƣе˼֮⾳̫ˣУٳֻеȱ˽ڲŻЧǲأ
ţһ⣬һȻԼеʧˣתС
ҪŰʩչģʲôʱԼܹʩչҿһΪӣ
˵꣬һӣͽӸ˾죬ոսУȻԼͬƵˮΰΧ׵档
ϴѲҪմΪͽҸոֻ˵˵ˣ˵ֻҪо㹻һˣ
ǲãʦ˵ƬǿصĴڣҪһλͽǿѰңôûзǿʲôͬ
˼ԣϴҪۣ֮絽ʲôͬ
ǸߺɹϾǵʦܣɹɣ

ߺ֪淢һУ澡ľҪƿɷ֣ѰнԹˣԣոսͱʴĩͷӦ
мٵתƵ⺮磬İ취ˣԼǿľǺΨһľѷЩϡ
ǣԼĲ죬˵ûᣬһͱεûټ
Ǿֻڱ¹ˣǣĲ죬ʹ죬ļӲ̶ҲԻЩɷ֮»Ϊмġ
Ϊ֮ƣҪļӲ̶ٶȣǾֻˣǵõʱҹõİ벽壬ǿ̶ȣΪߵϹⶼЩɵ˵ҵΪѾˣȴʼͣϣڱУ
뵽⣬ߺ£棬Ϳʼ
ǻֵ˴֣ǺȻ֮ͣסˣתϵĸߺȥǺǣСӣе˼Ͱһѣ
˵ָ꣬һߺܵĿռ̼ӿܲһˡ
ֵ˺Ȼһ㶣ᣬ󣬼еĶǵĶôùֵˣֻǲ˵ˡ
ߺԺ֮й˹⾳ϢǶǸո֮ʱ͸ġ
ϣԣߺͿʼͷеϢʼľԼʵ
ЩϢ඼ǳģԶԸߺ˵Ҳࡣ


356 Է
ˮҲֻˮǿܹΪãشĪˮħһ䣬ˮһ̼䡣
Ϊ˹ִأΪһҪֳˮʣںһ𲻾𣿱ʹˮˮԳΪˮ޴ڵģ޴ڡ
ڸߺΪѾӽˣֿµٶȣ¾ǽһҲȲϰɣҲΪߺٶȶȵĿɿڴ
Ҫ˵ߺ˾ȵģǸߺһ֮ڣԼΪ۷壬ǽԼҲ壬նɱ۷ˡ
˵Ϊǿˣͨĺ۷ֱɱҲû⣬ڳߣߺûġ
Ϲǽߣߺ;ëȻһӿͷ
ԭ龳ĲȻôһһأ¼ʹǰҹְ벽ǿߣϹһսɣȻĻʱͲϹˡ
Ϲ⺦µĿҲǰҹˣǿߡ
˭֪ذھŽϵˣȽϿϵˣҹܹʵû˸ǲܵġ
һŷ춼֮еŷҵСӣʹǳϹټҲҶŷ̫
ʵ°ҹֵֻܹסϹ⼸жѣϹʹó汾£µڳˣɱҲþһ
ڣǸߺ⾳ڸߺ⾳Ѿͨһ򣬾ȻѾųˡ
ų⾳Ϊɡ
ûǵİ¸ߺҪܹľΪ
Ҳ˵ԵߺΪײ˴˵أĸˡ
ǵðŴӳ߿жʳΣգΪӵܳôԶѡĬĬĳܣ¸ߺĳɾ͡
Ҫ֪ʱߺֻһصߣͳֱ߱ͬһĴڡ
ߺĳɾ޿ɺǣƽˣԻֻԣߺȴƫƫۣѡλ߶Կ
ʱ䣬ߺÿһһƿɷ磬ÿһζʧˡ
ֻܹҵ벽Ľ׶ˣǾųɣڴɣŵԲŵųҲǴԲȴ򵽰һƤë
ţߺȣλǰºЩˣܸܲһԵģ
ߺָеʳһˣ˺üˣҿߺҲߣܹƾһʱ䡣
ǣڸߺ̲סˣꤣѾûбѡˡ
ܹߺ˵һһˮͽ뵽ߺĽ֮Уˮ֮УȻһֻģĶ
˵ޣʵҲȻΪСĿһֻûʲô
λǰǰɣ¿˵ˣҵʳǴĺܣҪҪһָߺЩεĿֻޡ
һǮУֻҪԸңĶĲˣ벻ҪЦˣ
Ȼˮ֮д˳֪Сӻô˵ˮǱ۳ɵģõĿռ䣬ԼԵ꣬ӾٸŪһֻ֤
ǣСӣǲǹ˹أѡһȽϺõ˵ʵڵģҪǲ˵ѡʱҲӵϴ˹
ߺεĿ˿еֻϣϻȻ˵ûСҲⰡֻȰɣ
˵꣬ߺǵˮȥոմȻԼһֿµ󣬾Լ־Ȼ޵Сˡ
һߺ֣Ϊˮ֮пԼ֡
ߺˣԼ̸ֶҪȡֻԣ
ߺһ£Ͻ¶һ˿Цݣû뵽Ȼôѡ
˵գ֮кȻӿ޵ĺɫ֮ͫн¶ѩ״ߺͫ׷ֳݡ
ǸߺǿĽԺ֮еֳԼ״һѩ״
ʱǶѩ״ȻʮֵľΪʲô״ûУֻƬȴʮֵѩס
˵ǹֵѩˣѾﵽĳ̶ˡ
ѩ״ڸߺԺ֮ɢŴ۶Ĺâ·һѩҫ¶Ȼʧɫ
ߺ˫Ŀ֮ȻǴ۵Ĺâǹ޾ĺֻҪǰ׹ҫϣͻһ
ߺĺεֻɷ֮иֲΪÿߺкðᱻܵķ紵ɢһɶ
˵ڳ˴ӸߺòԵ֪ڵڲĶֲ
ֻСˮ֮УдİɫǸСˮγ֣ܿļĻͻ֣ᷢЩɫĶǺ
۵ĺϵ𽥱һƣǸСˮ֮УȻʮ֮һ
Ǻ֮ǧ֮ޣߺҲ¶εκˮֵľȡ
Ѿļޣǰչһûа취ڸߺѾƣˣϲ麹
û뵽ССˮ֮УȻʮɵľ룬ҿԼеĵطǸȱȽϽ
ǺֻǰǡøոܹסССȡ
ߺһ±ˣĿռ֮Լ֮⣬ǸССȾȻɵĳȡ
ޣжôǿ󣿿¾Ϲⶼͷ޵Ķ֡
Ȼ˵޴޲ȻǷǳǿģһֻȾɵĳȣʵױȣɱϹĴڣͬһ㣿
ôΪĹص˵ʵöǿ󣬶ҪľֶΣͶ䣬ôǿ˵Ϊжǿ
׽ģǽܷǶˣǶˣһÿһٶпռɣǸ˷˼ȻԸıʱ䣬ռ֮ʱôĲ졣
ಡ
ߺ˫һҵĺâ˸ˮ֮еĺٵ̣ţֻ޵嶼קˮϣߺҲٵջء
󣬸ߺ̱ڵϣϵĴŴʮֵľȣЩϢ֮Уߺѧκ
ĳֽԾĻָ
ߺȥ˺һóʱ򣬾Ȼʮˮп޸ûаּ٣ʹߺۣ֮ûһ취
ߺû֮ȫǣһҪҪڶһô޴Ķ֮󣬾ɷһ϶ȫʧ
Լ⾳֪ʲôʱܹŵųɣٹһ꣬Լָ֮ûжˣʱûжˣ
ôСֵܣ㻹ԲԵȥ棬΢ЦʵǵˮһЩˮɵģȷɣֱء


357 벽
ڸߺ˽Ĺ֮Լµʱˣϸߺһ꣬ߺҲѾˡ
߸һãΨȱٸߺ
Ϊµһ꣬Ǹɱ֮ϣ߽ɾеľյһӵ˵
ԴӸߺߺ󣬼Ȼ˶ˣȴ˼֡
ڿǵһƷԱ˵ĵҲӮ˺ܶడʱ򣬵ƤĸҲŸ߽ɵЦ
ãʵ̫ˣû߹꣬ǲ԰ɣʣ֪ǽҵĽ࣬Ǿͷûиı䡣
Դ֮󣬹ͽȻ޶ʣڵĽѾǵǰҲýôˣ֮Ȼﲻ
ڽ֮ǰǴĽˡ
⣬ڵ֣ҹԵأ˸ߺÿǳ֮һһ䣬䣬һһҲš
ԣѩѾһ׶ΣϵȫľӼж
Ȼᣬ֣ƷǶڱϵ
֣Ʒ뷨е˶Щʿĺܿ죬ҷΪ֧
ǰʵֵĵȼһʵС٣صصɣ˾ͽҵ˾ͽԪ˧ָơ
˵˾ͽѾˣ˵ѾںˣԼǸ׼ŮǺǿҪλֵ
룬ߺ־ڴˣ˾ͽ಻־ǧ
ȻҪѾǳˣǵʱԼԼʱĺ־½⵹ʲô¡
˵㲻ģʵȫصصɣ֣ͳ˧
󽫾Ȼôְ֣˾ͽܡ
һɫĻߣɸ߽ͳ죬ڸ߼Ҽ˵⵹ǲôš
ļǻߣˣνѩмֻ֣ܹ֧䡣
弶ʵʮֵģ˵ֻǧˣɸ߼ҵǸͳ졣
˵֣Ϊ˸ߺרŴӹ¶֮Уôǧʺõģɲ½һֹӲŵ顣
ңҲ֪ǸߺҪ֣һ仰飬Լ̵Ҫս
ң߼ҵȶᷴԼ̵ĻᶼûС
Ϊأ˵ֻˣƹѡǹҵĵһҪܣ֪ġ

Դ֣ҽȨչ仯Īڸ߼ˡ
ڸ߼Ȼǵһңȴߴ֮Уʵٷչ˭һ˵ǱߺҪֱ档
ߴֱǣңƮڣ߼ңڣǬڣ֣ң˾ͽҡ
ңΪĺ֮һȻ鴫˵иڽƮڵǿȻ˸ߺ뾰죬ǵڶɡ
ƮڲеǸ߼ң翷һսȻûɱ˴˶ˣ翷ڱ룬ѩͿԿʵ˲ûʹȫ
ľͲ˵ˣǣƸߺذ񣬾ĺϢûȻұض
ˣ֪ڲĹˣ֥̾˾ͽ̣־ӯӯæȰ
иߺҩڸ߼ҵ˿ʵǸ߽ɣȻѾͻƺ龳ˡ
ǺصΪѩ죬ԴӲϵɱ¾֮ϲɱ¾ĸоΪ˸߼ҵһơ
ֵǣϵɱ¾ΪҲٵѾǺ龳ˣٶȣߺȻЩǱй֮޲
Ѿͷһֱģ˭ĪϵһʹΪصҪ
ŮΪҲѸ٣Ͼǳָ߽еҩģһЩ֪ˣ֪᲻˵أ
ǰŸ߽ɵķԸԼʵϾз磬ڸߺֲѩ

ߺѩΪڵһɷ֮С
ڵĸߺ⾳ѾߴųɰˣǾųɾţ벽Ľ׶ˣһҲͻƣһ
ֻһߺ˳µĳΪһʱĸ֣ţϼһҲԲĶˡ
Ϊıǲ⣬ʹֻҪߺϰֱ꣬Ҳ׾ٵ顣
ֵزѾԺ֮еϢܹˡ
ңɱųɰ˱⣬ȴûκε⣬ߺˣֻԼ򣬲ܹǿԡ
ȸոճΪ龳ʱԼıŭ֮ߵģŭ֮Żôǿ
һʴ֮ҲǴĸ֮ģߺȷҪҪǿı⣬ҪԼ
ԼԺ֮еϢȻǿ󣬵ǱϾǱԼͲֻԼģܷӳ
ܹӳأû뵽Լǿһʱȴûа취𣿡ߺĵĬĬ߶
Ҹоˣ֮ǰȵȣӦкö˰ɣ֪ڵұʲôģˣߺ˫۱ڵסˣԲʱյĲ졣
ΪԼأ˷ݣ֪ԼڵʲôģˣķɣǷɣϧûһ澵ӣΪһ½졭
˵⣬ߺȻо˫𽥵ģѾкܶûָоˡ
ԴӸߺʱ죬һԺһֱڵϹӣ죬֮ԼữΪġ
ӣߺȻһ£Żһ𣬾ӣǾ𣿱ܹģһ˲䡣
ţȻû˳Ǻ⣬תˬ֮֮Ʈ
Щˬ֮Ȼûкôĺ䣬ȴɢЩɷתģζı⡣
ʱ򣬸ߺ۾Ȼһƾӡ
˵ţߺϢȻٵת䣬һ˲תΪǵĺ䣬֮ˬĺҲ֮һߣͬεģȻ״ķñˡ
֮еȻһСӹˣ
˵ڶһ˲վ˫ֱ㶵ĿſУʲôĪڲҰɣϴС
ܴ϶̸ϴСӾȻܵɷסˣ״ˣ
顭ԼıߺоԵĿȨֻһǧ˿ƼӲıȻƬƬмͬѩһ㣬ɢɢ¡
ԭôǿֻǰ벽ҸоеıоԵĿȨĸоˣߺ̾һսȭͷ
ǿ˿ܴʧ̬ĸ磬п˿аԵõĸߺε̾һû棡
ߺ㶵Ŀǣ˵Ŀʲôأ


358 ʦ
ڸߺУǰǵʵǿˣĿԼûܹùȥ
һӣڸߺܵʱղʧˣԼĲ֮뵽ǵһ֣ҲڿбˮʧڿС
֪λǰҪҳʲôĿأߺʵ
˶һۣȻ˵ͷߣ
ոأߺ;ԼܵĳȻһ䣬һڽĴ֮С
˵ǴߺҲ׵ʲôΪҲ̫ˣߺۣ֮ǿܹݶ
ǣȻǺڽģߺֵǣҲ֪ʲôطĹâúڰһõĸо
ҪеĵĹ𣿡ߺӵʵ汻ֵĥˣɷԼҪˡ
һЦ⻹ǸߺһοЦҲòЦˣЦЩȻ
ûҵĵĹأһأıȫɲ⣬ڶıɳԿƿռĽ׶Σؾ㵽벽Ľ׶Σֻ꣬ĺܲ
Ǹߺһ˵ôĻЩ棬棬񻰴ôࡣ
ߺ¶ɻı飬ЦЦɧֻжԼ˲Żɻģ
ߺεҡҡͷ漴𾪵ĿǰˣҡҸոûɣԼˣԼˣ
ǵ˵ͷûһأʦ
Ϊʲô˵Ĺ𣿡ߺԣŴɳʵ׵ʵ
ʼһУΪʵʦ˵ʵĻعĹأΪͲܹȥҵƽڵ㡭ܲס
ûҪǵпհɣܿЦߺǲôȣϾܵѾԣˣŪСͿȷ
ʱѵϻ˵ˣǻȽһ°ʦʽɣ
˵գֵϺȻɢǿҿһֽߺ棬ȻĻ¸ߺͱǹ޳ɷɻˡ
ϵƸͬһͷųͬĩգǬߵ޹⣬ƬĿռ俪ʼ˲仯ĩڽȻʧӰ١
ߺڸоԼһƬڰ֮Уǰֵ˻ڷ⣬ѹһԼеĿ־壬ˡ
ҿзǵķ֣Щ޷ԼȻԼԩˣΪ˰ݸʦȴֱӵˡ
һ֣ߺͲԾĸ޾ĺڰ֮зУͨĳռĹڿռѷ֮зС
ε˽ȥǸոմܵĹ⣬ȫͶ֮еˮΣһ㲨˶
ȻЩǰȥ֮ϷĹҲһ
ȫһƬ⣬·һƬ󣬸Ǳ֮еȻͣ޷
ɢ͸Ĺ⣬͸һ㣬Щȥ֮󣬾Ҳûгˡ
ɢɫĹ⣬ЩһѸΧתķȥ
Ƿǣ屾ûй⣬ĺƤвϵðЩͿ˺⣬׷ױޡ
ڸߺǰ⼸˵Ŀ£ֻΪ⼸ֻǶߣôΪˡ
ǰҲֻϰɡ
ܹĸаȫأߺľúңΪԼûҡ
ûж೤ʱ䣬ߺкȻһһƬ޾ĿռС
ߺһ£ȻɵĿֵˣǲڲҰɣǲΧżȦأ
˻΢΢һЦʵ
˻ûзĹ㵱ϹԴǲ֪𣿡
Ȼ϶ڸߺôұأ
ϴʵڲ˵ǹĹߺ˴ѾЩ֣ε˵
ǣʱ򣬷Ըߺ˵˵˴ʱѾȫԼջصԼڣһͨ˰㣬ߺķֵȻҲˡ
һ򿪸ߺ̸оܻĲͬˣһ壬Ȼ֮Ҫǿ
ߺ˲ſڵˣصȻǿ˺üʮ
֮вϵĵ룬ߺϵľȻʼѣʹ׶ܲסôǿʼϵĳѪơ
Щֻһ˲飬һֻ־ѸٵĴڸߺ֮ϣѸٵĽߺڵǹȻ֮
˰ɣΣյ˵Цڸߺ۾֮УԵ쳣Ŀɶ
ϻ粻˵Ūıһ˵޲Źء
ڸߺγһ֮˾Ͱεض𣬶ߺԼҲܿƵĸɽȥ
Ⱥɽм䣬ڸߺڿˣǰɽɽһ޴ޱȵķذ
Щʦڵķ𣿡ߺɵɵʵ
΢΢һЦЩ˼ҵ˵ķĹǵķĹôܺʦ˼ұȣ
ߺ׳־ԼҪݵλʦȻˣǾʮţƵˣ˼ҵ˾ôõķأ˵ġ

ߺɵɵĿǰ΢΢¡ĵ棬ڿ΢ЦֵˣǲˣҰɣʦķأ
ߺָǸ΢΢¡ĵ棬ŷǵ˺òһ밡
˲֪Ϊ·ƽأأһ硣
ֵ˴Ȼĵ˵ͷȷǾʦķأǲҪң˵ʦǰ˫ħħ𣬻ľ׼ǿҪˣ˶磡
ʦ֪֮ķĹж𣿺Ȱʦ˵˵ţȭͷʹڸߺͷϡ
ǣûд򵽸ߺԴϣߺͺȻǰһԼڷĹУһССӣһľ
̳ǰˣǵʦ𣬰ʦɣ
⡭ߺоԼˣûʦūͽһūĹ涨ɣ
ʲôʦôūأϿҹ°ɣ
ߺε̾һڲΰɣ
۲۲֪ˣЦ˵
֮£ߺǹľݾߵǣһµʱоϺӲĴͷϡ
̣һĪʹгڶͷϣһѿʹϮȫͬһ㣬ʹԼ֮пӡȥ
ߺʹ˹ȥȻ֮޷ܵʹٴʡôʮΣٴʱڸоôʹˡ
һױȵ泩оߺȫߺ̲סʱȻƨһʹ
˵ݼʦû뵽ʦĸͽ˺õļ񣡡
ߺǻ񣬲뷨ͽߺݼʦ𣡡


359 Ŀ
ߺ֮վо˲٣Լ·һжܿһ㣬֮ϵЩɽ
ԼȻܹһĹҲģģĿһ֮۵ĹЧô
ߺȵ˵ˣȻԼףǾ͵ʺĿˡ
ǰ
һЦҴʦֱˣڿʼҾĴʦˣ
ָŽܣǶʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ֣㣬ھǵСʦˣ
ɾ𣿡ߺֵʵôǽʲôأ
ǵ˵ɣӲҪ˵ĻǱħţ
⡭ߺЩɡ
ôħûкøǲǣ΢Цʵ
ߺҡҡͷ⵹ǣħ˵ֻϵĲͬϳħħܳɷ𣡶˵С˱αӺöˣ
ʲôڳһЩʲôأʵ
ʱ˳شɣǵʦǧŵһħ˫ħ𣬶Ƕͽܣħ
ֲĴڣ˵۷壬ǾħĴˡ
ܣ飬ǣ֣Ҳ֪ȵһˣԼ֪
ǼҲǴʵԵδɳڼ䣬ǾԲģֵһѣʣľȫԼˡ
ڹĹ⣬ĹĹǵʦҲĹˣڸͲöˣΪ׶λ򲻵
ƬĹ޾ǿ֮УֻȴԼȥһԣǧҪЩ޴ķĹǻĻ𹥻
һ˵ô࣬Ȼվĺ棬ĬĬı۾Ѿܹ߸ߺȫ߸ߺˡ
ߺ˰죬ָǰ˵ָʼû£˵һ䣺㲻𣿡
ҲɵƵĿŷǣ˵㲻ǸϢɽЩϢѹ뵽Դа
ڻԼոһôɵ飬εɼ򣺡ðɣͿǵˣҶȻˣ
㽫˵Ķ˵ˣ㻹˵ʲôʱ̲סˣ
ʱ򣬽ܳ˵ķŭ˺ˣ˵ˣǸȥˣһҪСģЩ϶֪ǵĴڡ
İɣǻģ˵꣬˾ȻֿʼߺȽһˡ
Ϊ˵Ȼ޷Կռ̫ǿƻ˵ֻǳ˿ռ𣬶ûгʲôݵӡ
ߺı飬ǵȻ֪ߺʲôһ£ͨߺԭطĿռȻȵۣµ˾Ȼ޷֮ʲôƻ
ȫ壬˵ǻ֮Ըոոߺһڿôܡ
ҲֻϡĻ֮Ļ֮ߺһ¶ͻ̷ɻ𣬸м޷γɡ
⣬ߺû뵽Ȼô£֮µ˸޷ռκӰ졣
ôһ˵һˣʦĴڣû뵽λʦѾɳʦͬΪˣԼҪŬˡ
ߺҲ֪ԼΪȻǰλʦ֡
־˸ոʱĳߺص˸ոԼƬĹ֮УٴνߺˣƬĹλʦΪûģͲĹĹ
СŵҲλʦֻ֣֮ܲλʦԳ־ˡ
˵أһ֣㽫ˮק˳ˣˣ
쿴֮쳣˷ܣһӣһƬƱڿУߺȥ
ƬƱ֮ǰӺޣΣֱͬɺѪһ㣬ɢǿҵѪζߺȥ
ߺĿһۣû뵽Ѿֵزˣʹ׶ͼҲܹʩչ֮ƣ֮ҲѾߴ˳ˣЩߺܶ࣡
ʱ˵ǵȻ͵͵ָ̣ҵʱӳɣ벻ѣ
ѵúһ£˭˵Ӱˣǵģ
ϴĲˣ˭ҲӦֵ˵ҲסɱƬռ䶼ģǾסģ
ԭʦѾΪͽˣ̫ˣߺ΢Ц
ˣƨΪӣǼ
֪ˣǼӣ㶼˵˺ܶˣʱͬ˵һۣЦ
ܾûôˣǺȻпҪǳʼʱֵһ𣬻ܹ棬ôȥˣĺˣ
ǰĺۺˣǻȥɣοռ֮·ĵĲˣҪȻĸɢˣûа취ݸҪϢܺȻ
ҡҡͷֻ뵥Ļȥѣʦܷ񵽴ˣ뱾ô꣬ѽϧȣ϶ܹԤ⵽ģ
ʦܣǾʹ˱ȥɣ˵ţߺ˻֡
ߺææһ£飬һһ²
һߺ֮гɻ֮ɫ
һΪʲôѡڶҵĶͷ֮ϣʲô仯˵ʦµļ񣬵ʲôߺһ˵֮һһ
аԸ̾ҿԼ˵磬ȻĻ֪⼸Ѿʲôطˡ
һ£Žܵ˵˵ɣոҴӦСʦܣСΪӣҽаɣ
ţã˵˵ͷȻߺȥȥСӣһʱ䣬ֻŪɹӶˣ
Ϊʲô⣬ʦҪ޾ǿ֮УҪõĹشÿһطǣÿʮһռ䣬Ȼռ䶺ʮ꣡Ϊߺ͡
˵ռȻڿʱµȵĿռ䣬ֻţռ֮˲ű
˳ͷϵĶ㲻ǿԼԿǰ֮еж
ʲô֮ߺûзϻʹó֮ҲǾ֮
漴ߺȫǰ벽壬۷ΪҾ磬ȵһЩ֮еĶ©¶˳
ߺȻΪһ𺮱ħ棬һԴĿ˫ϵĻӶֻ˫ܳȴֻס
ߺʵһ̶ֳ֮ÿΪʩչǶԱС
ܷ·޾ĺƬռ䶼ǿĺ̶סˣеһг˸ߺٶ
Ƭۿռ֮ĿռǿʼƬƬֻ̮һʣµֻǺڰ
ߺĺڲϵԣ·Ҫռȫϲưոݡ
ҲϵĿʼۣߺĳƣߺһģһ
ǸߺȴϾעΪעľǺ۵ĸߺĶͷϣȻеĿ


360 ճ
ߺĿǰǸĵ˶סˣǶͷϵöۣ֪˵ʲôˡ
ߺľƲϵСҲȫص˸ߺ֮Уǻûȫʩչİ벽壬ȫصߺ֮С
ǡߺɵɵָԼͷĵĿֵķ֣ԼȻڶͷϿԼָʹûдԼڵȷһֻۡ
εЦЦʦĹ˫ħһЧܽ˵ǱܼڶͷϣҲû뵽ľȻۣ֮
ߺ᣺ǲǾʹұˣ
̲̿סЦüͷ֣һֿŵıӦáǰɣڿô˧
ߺĿˣ˧ֻ˧ôҪ
ܸһ°ͣţȿȡΪҵ츳ۣ֮츳˵ǱȽϸ߼ġɣ
ߺ˫Ŀ˿ܣҲ㣬ƭֽ
Сʦܣûƭ㣬ģСӵ츳ףε˵ţ磬һ°ɣȻ϶ưոݵģ
ܵĴӦһֻһͷ֮ѸٳһǣһԲΣ·
Ǹ߸ߺǸ·ľףΪˣԽܵĿռܱȣʹͬһȼĿռҲҪȶԷǿ
ߺ˵ͷǿܹ⣬ôǵ츳أ
εһЦ֪ǵ˵ͺˣαôһȦӣҵ츳磡
˵ţһͷ֮Ѹٳһǵķţķһ֣ܾͿʼһε⣬硣
ߺȵĺϲ£죺׵綼ˣǷɣ
ЦСʦܣ㻹Ǵϴ꣬ұǷ磬ܹ֮вκη磬͸˵ɷСĶˣⴵǸǿǧ򱶣
Ļߺҷϣ˵˵⻰ԼһѪͷԼһ·ǿռз֮еĹŪڹ֮䡣
ΪʲôҴߣҵĳɳǸ𣿡ߺȻѯʵ
ߺ˻ճȫߺȥͬʵôģ
ֻʣȷлشҾͺˣߺЦЦ
˵ҲȷʵȱţܶŵĴ̶ȱ㶼ҪߣǣȫǵĿܣֻǲŻᾡǣΪܣҲԣ
ˣ粻ҪŻСӣǿ߲ģԼһ̤ȥģŵʬ壬ֻܳɾ۷壡˻֣ʾܲ˵ȥˡ
Ҳ˵ͷˣ͵ɣϴ߰ɣСʦܣ㻳еǸСһﻹû뵽ӵֳǿСҪúãԾڴˣ
žҲ˵ǰô˵ˣ
˵˵ͷһۣˣ߰ɣ˵꣬һӣߺ뾰СŵȻٵзȥ
Ȼ󣬸ߺȻоԼһصΧˣ޻УߺȴİǽܵĿռ
˴ÿռԼ˻ȥҲãطôľڶˣĸһֻƵġ
İɣʦǣҴûͶȡɵͷ˵ֻϵһ̤ЩŵʯĿУҪģߺĬĬ˵
ˣ˸мĽţһ죬кλʦֲ
ʦܣסռ֮Сĵ㣬Ҫκˡǵ˹ҲǸλʦָҸɣ
ߺһ𣺡ӵеĲֻأʦ˵Ҫκ˾ͿԿٲöթ
ӶЦһ˵ʦأһȥǰѪأ
ֻɱ¾սټŲܹɾһǿߣһųųģˣһˣˣ
漴ƬĿռ俪ʼ̮һ񶼱ݻ٣Ȼ޾ķɳϯƬżȫˡ
ߺû뵽Լһ仰ȴԼʦУһֲ䡣

۰ߺоԼڷɿڵзǣһооޱȵĹ죬һڵжǴл꣬Լȴһڵзеĸо
ͬܵĻо죺ôģ˵ȥ˭Ű˭һ˾Ȼܹ֮зС
ߺȻһţˣʣϴ³Ҿʱһ꣬ʵ֮ȴһ£ǱʦֵʱΪôǿһܹõ𰸣ôô
ڸߺϵ𣬾첻ϵYYУ˾ԽԽֻʮӣ׵ľȻһգ۾͵ˣ˵˭˭ŵġ

ֻҪɱ̫ӣʼҾֻʣˣô¼޸ҰɣԣӦ˵Ǹʰɣүúôģ
ʱ򣬵һûʵĻʹһеĳָǰΪ绨Ůӵ
Ůһ˫ҶüӻۣӣСڣСӯӯһգ£ǰ͹̡
˫Ϊˡ
ǸӿŮӣɫǣһͷǣҪһ̵ԼѾõʳһ㡣
ǣеĽȴָһߵǸŻƽɫ·ӣԲ̫үֻܹԼͶֻ̥ˣҼּҲܰĵĵʵۣ
˵ţһݣеıǸ̫үȥ̫ɫɵˣһġ
Ϊֻأļִүǻأ˸ͲһϣҲʧȥ
ү߾еĽݺݵ̫Ӵȥ硣

үͷ˳ȥӰȻ˳һѵĺۼûС
ҿˣһҽ쳹Ӱײ컨ϣ漴Ըٶˤ˵¡
˴վ֮ñˣǸӰ˸ϵĴһܡ
⿴һ֮ңͨ˼ң䵭˵񣬽üĿ˧Ȼ
һҲվȵҲѷɫǧ˵ܣҹʦʦܣ˵ʦֶˣе㲻ʰɣ
ƽཻǣǣǸߺ뾰죬ӵ³ģ֮ʹ
ߺЩ̾û뵽ڵƯߣȻ߳ôԶӣ붫춼Զ
Ҳ˵ͷòӦһڣӦǻʹûб˷֡ɣ
Ļոأһȣί𣺡ңĺ㻹еңٲҾͱء˵ţŮӾȻӵĿ
ͬ׻һ㣬ѣ֣ûɣҪҪܰ


361 ĺ
ߺ˾ɫ죬ãҲ֮ģ⼸ûпɫء
ң֣֮֮Ȼ˶гĳƺˣΪβһأߺĿž죬Ц
ߺ㡭˲ƿԣʱ򣬱λү̲סˡ
Ȼʮֵļ񣺡˭˽ʹأУ¹ʶģҰ
ߺͷĿ˿ٶ䣺룬Сţס죡
һֱڸߺСŵ˵ͷ˫ۺȻǼүȥǼҲߺ˵ĻСŵ˫ۿȥ
ԣСŵ˫ۺȻһ̹⣬Ǽ˲ðվСš
˼ٵļеʵүôˣǷ̫ӱ𣿡
ߺ˵أ֪ڵС˵ԼŽֻҪ֪Ĵھˣ
Сŵ˵ͷ˫֮һ̹⣬ǼٺȻ˵ˣֻЩͣû£ѾǷɱˣ°ɣ
ǡ
¡

һĻĻǸ̫¹Уһȵĺϲ£죬ָ̫ŸߺΡΡĵʲôʲôˣ
ߺĿ̫һۣ䳹ǣҴϲָ˵㡭
ʱ¹Ȼ̧ѩС֣̫ӵϣӯӯһݣǰ޵֪ԭ£
ԼȻ֪ոνСõǻܹ׵һصþģСһȻС
СһȴԸߺĻƴӣȻ˵ΪҲԼ޷̽ġ
¹ΪǲȻأȴˣǱ˴ˡ
ߺһ¹һݣ弸˲ھԱߡ
ҿɾôһݣ˵ҲʲôǰҵܻܵСأӷǵĿУߺ֪ˣӽżڣԼֻɹĸµʱ䡣
ԼʵҲʮ꣬⻹ҪģҪǣŮոһ¾ͱ˾뾰ĽǳԼǽһݣʱҪƴ
ʲôҸóΪ¹ԣȻԼ㣬λʼѣߺΪ˸ǿиߺİôԼҿ϶ᷭҵȫ
ߺһ½ת˹ȿϲʶ˵ƺɣ
һ˲䣬¹סˣʼָž죺㡭㡭ˣں֮˵ʲôʲôΪʲôҪ뿪ң㲻˵Ҫһһ𣿡
⣬ߺʧɫæתȥҿưˣ
ҲʧһЦ̬ȣЩ֧֧᣺Ǹ˿
¹ҲԼոյĴ㣬Ȼžһٳңǰɣƭȥҵ
˿ߺһں治ͣ͵ЦֿСǿɰסˣû˼˵ڡ
ţ¹һߺǣȻûл죬ȫĬĬĽˣͣ˵źû
ţ֮һ£Ϸ˵꣬ߺһȻûʣǶڸߺ˵Ͳʲô
ٷĹ֮еɸߵĴȫúڽģԼˣΪִأ
һط֮еĺһڸߺıһűΣߺʵӴָ֮Уó⡣
͸ժȡģߺ⺬һԼԵ̫ˣ֮ѾˣԲǿߺΪ
ߺһ߿е飬һͽ찤ΣֱѰ
¹òҲȷƵϱ߻ʹˣԣߺҲû鿴Ҫľǿڵӡ
ѣֱǰƭԼǧ¹׵Ӿ;ýޡ
˰죬¹ˣ۰ִĿž죺㻹߰ɣѾʲôˣҿǣ
컹һصͷӦǣߺһĶͷֵܰҾȲˣ
Ȼ¹ǶԾһٳߺæסԼĶ䣬ں֮ڣѽ̫ˣ̫ˡ
һߺò׿µÿգһ죺˵ܲȲҪôɣʲô
ʱ򣬾Ȼ̾һ˵ҵĴʢһùӳƺţЩʯƵأȻ˶춼ں֮¡
ߺһ汦ƵţڣȽףң˵ʱΪֻлص¹
ʱ⵽˵İܣҪ졣
ңʵͲ˵ˣһҵĲ֮ɹĻ˷ͽ
ʱʵҲͿȺһأЩͽܹн½ߣȻҲе͵ģԾˡ
±žػʹƵģȴ·ˣѾˣȻܴ³ȥ
֮£¸չ˾죬ɲһ˶ʢʱľѪգҲѷİ
ͽӣ˳ɹߵһȻ󣬾춼˶֮뽣սһ
㵽ż֮ʱķŹͻƵĻᣬڵϣ²𣬾ȻǶ

ߺ¶ͦˣңǷ񻹡
Ȼôܲ˫͸¶һ˿˸У£ֲµ˿ȥ
ǡǸϿ߰ɣΪ⼸Ҳ飬ҹة֮ѱ䣬ҪȡңѾ޷صĵزˣ
λҵĵܵܣҲǿ̫գֻҪߣҾ͸мˣ
˵µ͸¶һɾ⣺Ϊ֮ˣԲڲˣҪҹ棡
Ϊ˲ۣԲˣ죬Ұɡ˵꣬һһУټǿ߰ɣ
˵գеĽͿʼƶ󾪣弸˲µߣһӣеıɡ
ôȥȻҵ㣬ͲҪܹҵģ콫±ڻС
ߺ̾ܲˣܲˡ
ʱȻײµţһֿ𣺡Զûк𣿸Ͽ콫ǸɱˣҪȥǷϼһɱˣ
šߺָûűεķ֣Цţĸǿһصߣǵĵʵǲ
飬ߺһɫɷףûãûãջǹˣ˭Ӳˣ
ߺɫҲ𽥵ˣû뵽Ȼˣ


362 طꣿ
ʲôˣھĻУžİȫУȴΪߺ˵Ļ˹ȥ
ߺһЦûʲôֻǿһСС鷳ѣûκвʶһ°ɣ֣㲻һ𣿡
һЦȻȻ
Ȼһҽ֮󣬿£ʲôΪʲôýŲң
ߺߵĵԭңǼٵģԼֶҸңǿգ
εʼ磬ߺҲεҡҡͷܣһ¹֪˭ˡԼҽһ°ɣ
뾰һ춼ͬ磬ΪһŵӣʦֵܰɣҸóƺһɩӣ
ߺ˵Щͣסˣ˫ۺ΢Цǰ¹
¹ڴĿŸߺߺĲԣĪʵôˣɩӻʲô׵𣿡
±ߺôһʣ˼ˣ½ǣʾ⾰ʡ
쵱Ȼʲô˼ˣεҡҡͷָ£㰡ʲôʱˣڹĪĶشɣ
󣬾첻Ŀ˿ߺߺߣСӣղЦңҾеĵϸȫ¶
ߺͬ죺Ҳ⽫ĵϸȫ˵
£ɲҪСŶڲʮ꣬ȴһǹүкͻʵͬȨΪʮʱɹһȨʵǿȺǿ
ߺ΢΢һЦ⻹İĹͿ˵ǾӹΰǣǸǿôô˳أ
һԣһĻҿ˶Էϵףֻ˵ʹˣûµĸܡ
ܶȫɵˣԽԽɵ
ʵû뵽ң뿪Լߺ֮ʵȻô죬ǰֻңӣԼѾңɼˡ
ԼùΪϴ裬ʵΪңһЩû뵽ԽԽԶ
½ܶ˾ôţӾӺһأǿмĹ̡
ǾȵǸߺֻʮ࣬ȻΪذǶôңɼĴڡ
Ȼ˵˵˵Ĳ˵ߺ˻ģԵ˽³һΣĬĲ˵ȥˡ
¹Ĺڵĸߺ˵һܣԲ͸¶
Ǹߺñ֪ˣ»ɱ֮
ۡߺ˱첻˵ʱҲϵһŽ߿ˣһδ󺺳ſλá
˵˵˰ˣСôشңҵŵģָżһٴʶе㲻Ծ
̫ƺûԼֶͣ·ɵһ㣬ҪǣȻԼʶ֡
һ¹˵Ǹ֣˵̽鵽˸ߺ뾰ΪƾΪ޷
Ϊ޷о˵Ϊɴ˶ۣ˵ΪضԼߡ
ߺڱϣһĿǰǸδ󺺣к
֮УΪ͵Ķǻأŵƽضһ֧֮ʦǣڸߺǰȴ˵Ĳһ
˭˺ΪǱδ󺺺
Ӹոյı֣ߺʾͿ֪һǶԷҪ֮һԲмһЦôΪȻкǿһ֮£㲻ұһ·Σ
СӣҲҪ̫ˣʱǱδ󺺵ı߳һߣһߺʮֵϤ
ʲôţ˿㲻춼ʲôʱܵſģҧ˵ĸоߺָеһ
ߺ˵Ҳ˳Ÿߺ۹⿴ȥ˲չЦգŶԭЦడʲôʱģǸǿʦŰɣ
ߺҡҡͷţҸо̫ΪǼһûǿ󣡡
ʦ֣ߺѡϣҶ棬ҹ֮λ˵³ңҳǿҲĶ֣ոսذ񣬾ͳɹĽ˵ذʮװ˰٣ҵʦֿǵذʮ׵һٵĸ֣ˣ
ߺһ²ӣΪɱһɷѿİɣΪұ𣬾ȻԼʦ춼Ϊˣðһ䣬ʦû𣿡
ʱ֮кȻһ꣬ڶʮ꣬ǿƣƽܵĿռ䶼Ťˡ
ƾ㣬Ҳʦ˼ҳ֣ٳˣ
ڰ˵ߺ֮г˲м
ߺεɼ򣺡ûа취ˣҾֻбʦԳˣ
֣ǾͰˣߺ˵
վЦô࣬ô۵Ļһ
˵һ㣬ȻϬĺϲأѵһЦԴļһˣڽѵ㣬Ե̫۸ˣʹʦֵĿʼɣ
˵꣬һ˦˦ߺֵܣչһɩ
ߺ⣬һӣµͣСţ͹㸺һëҾãܣ
ߺĻСһ̳µԣĿܣɷ¡
ΪбҾͽĻ͸ɣСŵĽǧȫڸߺƿ֮УСŵĻ
ߺһ˦õӰӳСŵߣϵŭǿɶǺ޵壬ƣΪµ˴ľ
ûжһ£Цɵˣû뵽ղߺȻôôǿڡ
ҿֻֻԸֻҪʦӮˡ
Ц氵ԵΣϾûбǿģֲħڵˣ֪֮
ǣ鷢ˣոո̾꣬һתƮĳʦֵиûñ˶Էͷϡ
ǿϧأҪˣ΢΢𣺡֮ƣ
һźɫѸٵĴӾ֮гռ䶼һаϢûжͣѸٵЦʦֵԴ֮ȥ
ЦʦһҽУ·𿴵ֲ飬˫ͨ죬˿ʼ÷
ѸٵȥСŵߣſЦʦַĽǿף˾ޱȵĿ־塣
Цʦû£ڿвϵĹ߱ˣеÿӶһ£одĿռ俪ʼ顣
ߺ΢ЦĿž죺û뵽ôͽʮ׵һٵĵذԱˣʵذûˣ
ǺǣԴްɣҵʵû⣬ôʵ½ھŽ׶û˰ɣָŸߺЦ
ûлٽȥˣһͷ׵ߺȻڴ֮УŸߺ˵


363 Ű
ͬƤͷһ㣬͹ʮֵǸߺʶĻΪһͷ
ߺڴӱվվ𣬱ǱҲһСͱΧŸߺ
Ǻûģ
ţþòˣû뵽㾹ȻԹңߺɫȻκ쳣
ϸĿһ¸ߺΪȵ˵ʲôأôô죿
һŴһֱһʱδСӾȻӺء
ٶֱδţҺֲֻΣȻĻתӡ
ߺı׶úռ䲻˵ȻߺԽսֻкһصΪսʤ˺ǿߡ
ѰǿҲô⣬ؼǣսܵĿɶЩ޵š
ߺҲòϣȷһţôΨһһţͬΪʦҾͷŹ㡣Ų˰֮ġ
ߺţԼ£Ժߺ֮ʱԼضҲһڸߺϻòٺô
ߺ΢΢¶һʮֺƵЦݣˡ²ܴΪ㻹񣡡
˵ʲôŵ˲ˣеٵۣһ󲨶ϷܵĿռˡ
ôû岻ɣ˵㲻ʸ񣡡ߺǸЦݣſȴʮֵĿɶ
˵Լֲң
ߺΪѾˣžԵ̽鲻
ߺֻڸߺı̫ǿˣǺ䲻Ȼ¶ġ
ȴǲຮͨĺ
ߺ֣̫Ѩϣϵ꣺룬ӦþͲɣֲҲȲ㣡
ɶɣžɱ˸ߺ˲ŲΪԼãΪԼɱȻųǸ
̫߹Լˡ
Լͬɲһή֣ŸߺһץߺоԼ岻ܿƵŷȥ
һǿ˺֮Լϣ·ҪԼץķƵģǣߺڵ۷壬˺
ȻоβȻҲŷȥٶȺΨߺ˫վԭ˿
ţȷˣߺɫȻ䵭һС
һ񻰣ưɣߺĵ͸һ񣡡
䣬ڸߺΧıȻŭצŷȥСԭһ
ǣһɳߺԱߣ̱׶ޱȣСצһץռ䶼ˣȻкص
ҡͷβ֮䣬Ŀռ֧ƣΪĩ
ʲôһ;ȻҲҵǰҰȥɣŵ˫ۺȻó죬˫һ˺ѿ
һǿ˺֮˫бʼѿˣ˫֣ı롣
ǹ˺֮ûţֱСϣǱ̱˺üݣ˺֮ߺȥ
һ·ϾĿռ䣬׷ױ룬Ȼķֿˡ
ߺζһ֣һǸ߿ˣ
˵ţߺ󣬽˹ݺݵĺȥ
ǹ˺֮ߺǰߺһһһɾ޴ĳǴ
ռ䶼ҵ𶯣Ȼһѷ档
ߺɢǿѹǼµɵģǶϱڲԫ䵽εĲ֮ϣĩ
Щ壬̮ĹûʲôӰ죬ǸߺŵĶԿȴʹˣʧȥս
׼ȷ˵սǸûа취ˡ
ߺŵսû꣬ǵѾɶˡ
ЩǿǶ׷˺˰ɣҲˣҲǰˣּս꼰ġ
СŻлػȻûܶ˺СſɲŸߺʲôŮԼʧĻһĺѿ
͸˵ˣ͵˺صľ磬ǰ˳ɣ˵ʹҲûսܣôܻᱻսನأ
ߺ˻ԼԴ㻹еأ
ɫĿŸߺû˵ڸߺʵû뵽һûСȻѾԼˡ
ӵץѾ˳ɣСӣֻб⣬ûбҿ䶨ˣ˿ĹЦ
ߺû˵ֻǵĿһۣΪ֪е£ˣܹȥ𣿡
˵ʲô죡Ÿɴ಻ٷϻֱʹóԼľС
һץ񷶼ƺ½˼֣ߺоԼȻʼܿƵԷȥ
ߺɫȻҿܹΣȷҵǰܹң
㻹ǲҵ죬ץĲ㣬һص㲻ԣԼǷܶ
ŷЦֻҪҵץץеˣԵѲˣʱҰڲˣ
ߺһ£ûа취ԼŵǸǣû취ʹ
ˣһôоôϤأãߺȻҽ
ŵҲ¶һ˿ЦݣССôƺ۷أӾɱӺ
ʮֵĽž˵㻹Ͽ;ֵܣٲȥɾͿҪˣ
εЦЦ㻹ǲ˽Сӣô׾ͱܣ˵ΣգСһô޶أ
˵ţָָµС˵
ǸֵΪΣ
ҹƣڶɵͷأҪݺݵĲڵ£ȫ飬Ȼɱ
µûŵץǿǲҪ˸ߺа벽ģôܻ
ߺɫ˲õȻҲˣŭ֮
һ˿˿͵ĺӸߺɢȥŵץķץȥǺڸߺĴ߶ټŵץ˲ŵǰ
ﲻ⣡ߺ³⼸֡
Щһ˲ͽŰΧסˣŵϿʼѸٵ۳
Щ쳣Ĵۣǲ֮ٶȷǳĿ죬һ˲ͽű档
ʱŵϻЦݣָоƵġ
ߺӰһΣŵߣɱֱǶĶֱͣĸоɣ
ڰԼû춼ʲô춼ҲΪʲôҪɷǡ


364 
֣ҵĲܹ֮ڶꣿߺľ죬Ͼֻо֪
룺ţϴοʱӦܹڰɣ
ߺ˵ͷ˵ϼһܻܲϰأ
ǿ϶ģϣΪѾǺ۷ˣٻһҲ⣡ߺ㵽
ߺۣ˵ٱй¶ϵģû뵽Ȼܹôʱ䣬ǾĶԲˣʴ֮
˵꣬ߺɢǿĺŭ֮ȥ֮ˡ
ߺҲ¶˲̵΢Цܹ֮ڰ꣬ôԹԵĵȴʮ꣬Щʴ֮Ὣ㸯ͷʣģ
ĻոأźȻҵĽȵŤƤʼı죬Ȼٱڣʧˡ
һ˲ȻԷʧһƤߺεҡҡͷôôأ˵ˣʮ꣬ԼֿסǸʴ֮
ߺѵ⣬æڵֵסǲʴĺȻгЧ
ͶˣδԼ˽ԸıԼʱ䣬еĴָˣߺ΢΢
һӣס˫ֵĺڻˣߺֻȡʮöָ
еƷģȸߺеĶҪࡣ
ߺûôżĴ򿪴ָۿһüͷϵĵֻ۳֣ۺڵطһöѩ״
ۣ֮
ߺ֮۽ŵ¿һ飬ѳʮöָһöľûˡ
ߺĵ˵ͷջķᣬôоΣ
漴һ֣Щ·ˣҸ㣬⻹ʴˣƾڵ㣬ҵһСָͷ磬һУ㶼ذܣ
ŶԷŵ񣬸ߺҲûڽͣŶԸߺ˵ֻǿθһ㣬ûа취κεӰ졣
Ǹʴ֮Ͳô򵥣ߺʩչĻ֤һ֮ڣͿԽֻʣ¹ͷ
ߺߣϼһԼˣҸ㣬˵ߺң㶼ǵ֣
󣬾һֻ֣ڿз񹥻Цʦ֣˲͹Ѫ˿͸һ˿ˮ̫Ѩ͹
Ȼˣ쿴Զ΢΢һЦô죿
ߺһЦڻȻնݳѲɻǱ𣿡
СšߺĺС˲ڸߺԱߣɻĿߺԡ
ոոߺԸ£ౣĺܺðѲҪܵͷ
ߺɻûκαĵǳͷǽͣγ֮Ҳûͳǧξ͸ᣡ
˵ţһӣǧֻ޵ӰӳзϵĹ֮УеŭеĲϵ̤ء
ֳҳһţߺüͷ΢΢һ壬Сſˣ亹˳ͷȻ亹Ļ
аﲻ֪ôСǣлʲôû
Сŷŭĺһķе޻ʹڵϷš
ߺĿ˿Сţû뵽Сһﻹ͡
ӹȥˣЩ޽ĲڷڣҲʮֵİΨΨŵŵĿŸߺǰСţٽлһ
ߺú⣬С˵Ĳҽ㽫Ҿȫɱɣȥɣ
˵꣬ߺ͹תʮӹȥˣСûЩС޵ȻҲһĿŸߺ
ߺеΣѲɸոѵͷˣﱾͲ̫Ķɵˣ
ߺĵĻعͷСţֻСһɻĿߺͷڤ˼롣
Σԭ㲻֪ʲôѾѰˡߺָϵҶ벻ʲô취
ԼȻѿô֪ʲôѾأ
ѾĻϲˣ𣿡ߺһ˵ţһŽѾʡ
ߺʧСŸӵɻˣܵ޼ֱ͸һ㣬ҡҡ˯
ʱС˵ҵӦûûѣȥң
ߺεҡҡͷֻˣǣ
ҡҡͷҲ̫
㡭ߺǿ˿첻Ƶı飬գֻɵ𣿲ֻǣôָ
ֻҺȥһˣֵܣ˵ǲǰЦݿĿŸߺ
ߺתͷ￴죺Цôеٰ
漴֣ڲϱȻһ£ߺһ£˼Ҳ̫ˡ
ǵȻǵȻǷȥӦߺæ˵
˸ߺһСʶ񣬸ߺСţ棬˭ԣҽй
СһһֻߴɵŭĿճڸߺǰߺСŵĻ֮һ
ԣߺĶŭĿ˵
ŭĿΪܹԵޣȻ׸ߺڵĵλҳɣæͷ
ߺ˵ͷСţµ޸
Сŵ˵ͷŭĿ˼ŭĿϲʤĿŸߺг˸л
㣬ĵֱҽΪֹߺָž죬ŭĿ˵ˣҲˣ
⣬ŭĿһ䣬ȻצȭϵĴؿڡ
Сſߺת˼ԣǸŭĿͬˣ
ߺ΢ЦĿž죺ȥɣ㣡
˸߲ҵŭĿգһȥˣŰֻ޴ƺƵԶȥ
ߵԶȻһͷȥֻԭû˸ߺӰֻʣ¸ߺĻ˹
֣ΣԼܹҲʺȫˣ˴οɩӣ㶨Ȼô뿪춼ټɣ
ԭֻʣ¶ϱڲԫվǶѷ֮УɵɵվŵѾϵţ
쳣ߺ˵ûԼ¸꣬İ֮ˣضʹ˷ֿ
ٷϴˣֲ뿪ԼҲµİΣǾ͸뿪ˡ
˴ңңڣʱһֻվһ߶ȣĺڴĬĬ߶
ߺô¹ͷʵ˵ͷûκˣκܹסԶ۷ɣ
֪θߺߣ϶Լ취ʵÿһΣվ۷֮ϡ
䣬ĵӱ䣬ѡǵһӣĺǵһгɹĴЦ࣬ΪѡӮң۷ˡ
֮ɭȻûõһȴӮңΪǣ˴۾
ǣ漴ĵذ񣬶˵ֽһµս
߰ɣܻٴ۵ģ

߿֮ϣߺĴűõĿķӦȫˣ̾һҪңϾҵϱ߻λʦ֣̫ǿˣҪ׷ǣ֡
˵꣬ߺͷҲصķˡ


365 ɱ
򣬶춼棬һȽͨľ¥أǼ򵥣ֵǣ¥ȴˡ
ÿһߣڻһ飬ǾǱļ壬Ҽɱ
˵Ҽʱ򣬸ûзʲôδɱʵһǿ󡣡
ңǿǼ壬ʵǸǿǰѾǺˣҲǺ۷尡Ȼûл֮
۹ҵķأ֮п˵һû뵽ɱˡ
Ҳԩˣ˵ɱǺʽ
˵ˣС˵±˿˻ո˵ͱס졣
ŭСӲˣǻأλ˵Ҳ˵ڣǲǻĲͷˣ
˵̴һΨΨŵŵĶƱһȴԹԵıͣ˵ʲô
¥üžղŵ֣ڿµ붼ü
ɱֺʽһǰ۹ĸɱ֯û֪Ҳֻɱ֯ϲԱ֪ĸ֯ġ
ʽԭʲô֣ΣͣŮû֪ΪĿ˶һʬ
ֳΪ˿еĽɣ˲ŻôĿ־塣
֮󣬿ú䣬ֶԷ챻ʽ
۹ɱֽ綼䶯ˣɱֽ繫ϵĽɱ֮һǿӹɡ
۹ɱֽʮɱ֮һɱֽ粢ûнΪϾոսɱֽ粻һꡣ
ʵڽɱ֮Уڼһա

ĬĬĺȾƣոյĻǾδѣȾѹ
á
һľôƬžķΧһӴλվҡҡλε̨ȥ
ӳ൹ԣŽ׵ĳۣȳƵģüĿʡ
ǣҵͷѾ°ͣ˸оʮֵݡ
ϰ壬ˡѬѬ˵ںȾƺȵ̫ˣֲ壬ϸĻ塣
ϰһ±ûعȻæЦӭõģүСȥү˶ٶ
ԱߵС֮æ˸ովȥ˵Ǻںʮʯﳤȥˡ
⡭ƹסˣһҲ̫˰ɣȻһʮʯ
ʱСˣƹģһʮʯףأ
ƹ֮ɫ䣬ʧӰˣСӣҳ԰ͣվס
ʱ˵ӰʧӰˣƹŭĻȥˡ
Ҫ˵ЩسʿʯǷֵأ˵Լôʮ飬֮£ֻˡ
ϣȻһԲ˶ߣ԰ͣƹһߣһ߷߷߲ƽߡ
ʱ򣬺Ȼһ˳ǰҲֻŵͷߣûһͷײȥ
ߺģ˭ôۣƹһ½ͷ̧ŭĶǰǸ˵
ո˵ڣ̺ˣǰһɫ£ƷĮ·ӱóһ㡣
㣬ո˵ʲôǸ˵Ҳһ˿ɱ
ƹıɱһıԼͣ޲óԼһ⣬ų죬ʲô˵ƫƫôһү
ˣҿԲ㣬ո˵԰ͣ˧꣬ʵ
ƹˣ쵰ųͦ˹ĵģȻһʮʯֻʮ͡
ƹĳƪۣûû˵˵ʵǲͷˣһʯУ˵˵ò
ƹϲʤôӣ˶թ֮ģ˽Ƿʯһ죬һʮ顭
û˵꣬һѵͼݵĲ֮ϣո˵ʲôʲôʮ飿
һ£к磬ýüĿǺ˧ƫݣԼһ߰˵ĸ߶ȡ
ϵķ̼֮ţƹ񲱾ϵļƤһ㣬ٵĽ˵ò˵˳
ĵ˵ͷʵʯΪͷҰɣ
˵ţƹֻһеʯʧˣǰǸͬʧˡ
һֵϣ鱨һ˵
ţ˵ǲǺʽ˵һ漴ʵ
˵һŮӣȻöȴԵ쳣䵭ʲô鶼Įһ㡣
¿һǺʽһ·ϣֻǮĻûиıһ飬湧˵
ŮֵһУޣǲ˺ü£Ψһһˣ
ȥ̽˵꣬һʧӰ١
ǸŮӵ˵ҵҪԣӵ׶ǿ󣬹뺮ʲôϵ

ˣԴ뿪Ƽ֮һҡεȥֻÿһȥͨٶȣǣһȴ֮⡣
ǰСʱ߳ǣǵʱȻܵܵĲѯϾҼһ⡣
ûΪҸسʿһȭֵס˳ȥسʿòԱȥˡ
سʿֻصΪҼǺ۷壬һ߶ֵסģôɱأ
˳ȥ֮ҡҡλεߣνŲ˲١
ڵһû˵ڣоһ¸ôʱˣѵһ𣿡
ʱһӰȻƮ£Ǹھƹʵꡣ
ʽιҪ㣡Ŀһۣ˵
ӺٺһЦ۷壬ιųǲСȻһֻ۷Ĺңֻ㲻֪֪ڵ˶𣿡
һˣ㻹ûͰɣȻɱַһоɱ
ӺٺЦַԼĺϣȻ뿪ʱϵĺӾȻˡ
ţһҵͷ˿ˣʮֵᣬԼֻʮҡ
⣬һʶ˾Ǹߺ
ʲôû뵽ô᣿һ£˺Ȼ
Ȼ֪ʽ䲻һܴ󣬵û뵽ȻʮͿԵΪ
ʲô飿Ѳʲô񣿡ߺָĮ̬ĵ


366 
ˣҺ֪֮󣬲һΪɱֵĺʽжǿѣһЦ
ߺмһЦҾΪΪ㣬гִֻ𷢲Ϊǳͷ񡣡
ʽ㲻Ҫ̫һֱ㣬Ҳ֪ʲôԭ򣬵ҺܲˬҪɱ㣡˵
ߺɫɵȻǵ˵ˣ֮Уɱ֣ңȻϲΣǸԼһ£
ϵݣ㲻ܿЦ𣿡ߺ˵
ٷϻɣ˫֮УɱһеĵॳʣȻһ⣬ߺնȥ
ǿĵ⣬ǰһж룬ľɽʯͬһ⻬
ųɵ⣬Ȼеͣߺ˵ͬһ㣬ǹױȡ
նħԶ뽣ʩչȵȣһѳɹ˵Ļʮֵĸ߳
ſһߺͲںż㣬̴ԭʧתһߡ
Ҳ˲͵˸ߺڵλãһδתһɫĵмǿĵ⡣
Ա֮ǰӿٶȣߺȥ
ǵ˵ǵʩչȴѾΪʵʣͬһĵһʸС
ɫһɫĵһһ¶Ҫն롣
СߺһϵۼܺȻ޵ĳεĲ
Ǹߺ̫ǿγɵģڸߺ֮ⲻϵĲǱĿռ䣬޲ɿռƬɢڿи
ߺɫȻĿӭĵϼ͵һ壬˲ɽѣضʼͬһ㡣
ϲϵĳѷ죬еĿɣеʮ֮ס
ɫĵոս뵽ߺڵķΧͱߺһ飬ƬȻʧڿ֮С
ʲôϵһԭأĿŸߺŵĿŸߺ㣬ôôǿ󣿡
ټ֣ȥɣߺһЦһУһȥ
׹¶ҲܸܰС䣬οҿ޼ҵĹӣôܸܰ
⣬ߺͣˣ˼ûܸң
ߺ˵ߺ˫֪һᣬе䵶һɫĵ²
Ȼ䣬쵶ӸߺϱеɱҲԽԽʢһ죡
еĵ͵ߺȥǵϵһɫߣߺƶȥ
ǿиǱѰٶȣֻһ˲䣬˸ߺԱߣһӺ󣬿ռˢˢı롣
ûаܸң֣ߺ˵꣬е߸߾ͷ˫۳Ѫž̫ɵġ
ߺеĵ͵Ȼһ۳һɫϸߣǸߺھۼ۵ģ߿ʼƣײ
㲨ϸߵĲͣʼϯռ䣬Ŀռ俪ʼݡ
ߺɱһ˲ʧԭأӲ㲨˹ȥǲ㲨ߺȻûڸߺһ˿˺
ߺͬӲռ߹һ㣬ݵߣڣȴûһ˿Ѫۡ
ҲǸߺǿȻĻ棬ԶҲҶ
ߣߺӸµĵݣΪֹˣ
˵꣬еĵһ⣬ݵĲ֮Ʈ
ĵĻûл˵͸оԼĲһʹ󿴵Լıûвӵ塣
ң𣿡֮ǰһ˿Ϣ֮ƮһŰ׺Ӱ
ݵ꣬ôǿˣȻˣߺ֮Ҳһһֻɣβ͵ĺڿС
СţߺΪ˷㣬СԼ֮УСŵĺߺǷڴָ֮С
СŵϾޣȻǧԾɲ۷С߿Աġ
βͲϵҡڣ󣬶ݵǿһ㣬ЦСȥ
ߵǰСſԼѪڣһڽ˽ȥȻδԼ졣
һߺ뵽֮֯󣬵ܹ۳ߣ궼Сˡ
ԣСŵΪҲٵһ֮ڣԼҲͻƵ۷壬ΪǺء
ֻûʲô仯Ǿųɾţߺһ֮Ҫɹ²ôˡ
̤һãԼҲõ츲صı仯ı֮壬ɱҲʲô¡
һ̫ǿԲô׾ģҪȫ֮壬»Ҫ鼱á
ڸߺΪʲôҪ۹ɱ֣Ϊߺ۹Ļʳǵʱ򣬺Ȼм¶
ڱļ¶֮ڵǿűҲϵĶԼ
ĺһԻȪۣ֮Ըߺãпڻʶ֮ڣлȪͼı顣
ǵ۹ɲԼֺ߿Ƶģ˵϶ǳ磬ʲô֮ϼһԼвġ
Һãʱ˻ʹ˵ĸ֡
ߺװ֮󣬱޷˵Ĳμˣʱ֪۹ҪʲôȻнӽʹĻᣬ;ڻʹʼѯ
ڱԵУߺǿʵΪǰȻ˻ʹ
ԽӽʹߺбԽǼ¶֪Լ¶Ķпܾڻʹ֮ڡ
δݾߣߺ˳ȥ
Ӽ۹Ļʵۣʵ۾Ȼϯߺʤ߽ϯ֮С
һ¶ǣߺͿʼòԾǾоȻǿĸʴ֮
۹ĵЦ˵Ѿʳʴ񵤣ÿһÿ궼ҪһöҩȻͻḯö
ߺɹԵҺãͷǸʴ֮港ʴߺ˵Ǵ֣㸯ʴ֮ôκ
ԣߺƷһ㣬һɶҲ¿
˻ʹ֮е֮֯С
ǻʼҵɱ֯һ˭֪Ѿʳʴ񵤵ԱӲ͸¶ˡ
ߺһ֮Уƾ߳ʵɫ˺ܶ񣬳Ϊ֮еĽɱ֣õ۹ʵ۵ʶ
ߺûǳԣһֱڻʹ֮찵ãûԼü¶Ķ
ϧһȥˣߺһԼʼˣǲԼоˡ
ٴ£ûеĻߣ˷ʱˣߺ¶ģ˿ܣûʲô֤ݣзȥ۹ʳǵķȥ


367 
ߺո뿪ûж೤ʱ䣬һʹ׳Ǳ߸˹ι
Ǹһʵ˫ۣ˫֮һ˿⣬ǹâ˸оۡ
ȻǺصΪӣȸոյֻ߲͡
£޼ǸСˣǱɱģ˭أһ߶ι˵һ
ӣ˭ܹô̵ʱɱݣʮֵķѽ⡣
ιûƿֻǵ˵ŶǸˣߣ¿Ѱˣû֪ʽˣ
α⣬ʹǿҲǱ¸ǰһδȻ˱¸ʴ񵤾ƣɰͰ͵ЦЦͬһ㡣
ƽ⣬ضһߺĻһῪĽСŷų
ˣԣţǻȥɣҸҿ϶ʽһȥˣߣҪӹҵ֣㻹õһʱ䣡ιߵ
ԣӦһתͷҲʹķɱȥ
ƥȻ˫зȥǱ˿һĽ˫֮һ
ǲȱΣʵǿٶܹȳߵٶȣɵǧ
һʧʡ

۹ĵ۶ѩȹҵĻʶҪ̶࣬ȣСĵȼҲҪߡ
С͵ͨˣߵߣӦоУлһߡ
ߺ۹ʶ·ϣȻûж춼ʮɣҲһƬݻ֮ء
һҿջסɱֵģܰ͵֯ȥҲܾ֮֯ȥ
һɱ֯类˽ˣȻ۹ĻʵۣҲԲ֪֯ʵǻʼ֯
ߺһ䷿㿪ʼ˯
ʱҹߺߺ˯ȻڴϷ
Ϊһɱ֣Ҫʱʱ̵̿ı侲˯ײи£Բܳȥġ
һߺԼͷοʼˣһгһ׺ɫҹ¡
ҹؿڵλãһƬɫë֤ݣڽɱ֡
Ϻӿ۳һź
ֻǽߺüĵǿסˣȫ¶档
ߺһжɨͣܿһ£ֲûʲô©ĵط򿪣ӰһʧڷС
۹Ľ⣬һϾɷĸլܾûˣҲûס
ȻӰȻ䵽Ѿܾõĸլ
⼸Ӱո£˲ˣǶǺصΪվסʲôˣϿȥ
биߺļ˶֯ɱ֣֯ڣߺǣֻһˡ
ߺĮ˵Ǻʽҵƣ˵꣬һһдֵľƳУ
ľȻľͷģȴŽɫʮֵļӲߺþȻ޷κ˺ۡ
ļ˽ӹȥ֮ϸĿۣȻ£μˣƣ
˵꣬˫ϣߺûйᣬֻһУƾߺȥߺһѽС
ԭǺʽˣöƻأʱ򣬸ߺһһЦ˵
ֻϴŵһɫ֣˫֮гɱĸоָϵصĶ
ߺ˵ԭһָѪҲһɱֶѣҪΪɱ֣ʲôʱңʲôʱƾģ
һָѪߺһİ֮һ֮ǰߺΪ˲¶Լʵװ֮սҹûʤ
ԣߺɱһһһֱߺ˳ۣһֱɱ֮졣
Ŷսһˣɣ˵ţһָѪԼ֣ӿҪɱߺ
ռӿʼ𶯣ռѷ쿪ʼָܣ˷Ӷȥ
ʱһߺȻԭأֻ赭дһ֣һָѪָͷ˻ȥһָѪʮһ˿ѪϣΪʲô
ǽڣΪʲô˷ڣǵ𣿡ߵ˵ɱ¶ߺ˸е
ߺĶһǷ´ˣ½⣡ߺûа취ͷΪһߡ
Ҫ˵֮򶷣ǰ֮ΪеûС
˵ĶҲ۹ү٣˵Ϊ໹ҪߣŵĴϡ
ٵ˵ͷˣȥɣأ
ߺתȥаңҿԼûжֵĴ㣬ȻĻ½뷨ˡ
ߺլ棬һ˹ĺˮҲ峺
˭뵽˹Ȼʹڣߺ¶һ˿΢Ц
һԾ˹֮Уڵʼǿѹʹˮܿߺ֡
ߺҲ˳³ȥԼжʮףߺڳ˺ףһöƳС
ϸϸĸоһУȻ۾һϵһطӡȥ
һۣߺǺϣߺǶУȻʼת濪ʼһ˿ѷ졣
ѷܹ¸ߺʱ򣬸ߺתƣοٵ˽ȥ
ߺ˳ˮϵǰͬһһˮгΡ
ǸͨԼ׿ԵǺӵԼСʱǰһ˿ߺļ١
ǹǰߺٶѾȫļˣĸˮ档
һƽ׵ңаٿҹ飬ʯǶţյͬ硣
ߺʱѾһˣɫ֣ҹͬߺһ㣬һ֧ɫë
ߺʱϢͨǽɱרõģƾ޷⿪ǵš
޺ۣߺ֮󣬲˵
Ǹߺ֮ǰŵĽɱ޺ۣϵĹ˿ɼ
˵һ˫ĺ۷壬ڣߺû˹УҲû˳УҲ֪ʵΣ
޺Ȼܲʶߺʽÿδźߣѵ𣿡
ߺ΢΢һЦãνɵô
⣬޺ɫ䣺ֻһѣͲһ֮Уأ
Ҳ㣬Էһߺû˵ʵȻܸһİˣԼʵ
һӼֵڻʹ֮Ѳˡ
ɱ֣֮⣬һ飬ŻʹϾ಻Ϊ
оǣɱ֣ͨĺ۷߲֪ǿ϶ٱ


368 ޻
ߺЦߺߣ¸ǣļ¶Ҫһˣϵ൶ްһʾҳ֣Ϊġ
ϵ൶ްֵܣǾǴ󽫾޼ҵĹӣɱҪΪһǱضҪȥսɱУǲյĹޡ
ڸˣԶϲսˣ޼֮˲鵽Լϣߺ޼ȫϲս
ЩߺȻɵĽԼɱϵݵҪĿľΪڻʹ֮д¡
ҲûʲôҲǺܶ࣬ߺ϶ԸԼһʵֵġ
ȻûһҵţλˣӼ
ߺ˵վߵǰŴ򿪣һͭɱվţߺ޺֮ϥء
μλˣȼôģѼȼƶǺϸġ
Ͼ涼һЩϷˣһ˳ľɱ㣬һָѪһֱΪԼʵߺ޼ԲŻôĲء
ߺҲ̫⣬ԼҪģһʲô飬Ͳỳɵߺˡ
ˣ߰ɣ˵ţ޺۴ͷ˳ȥߺǸͭɱ֡
Ŷڻʹ֮£˵аʹô
ɱֵңлƫƧģԸߺ˴ԼаСʱߵ
ͬһµĳãźܶľʵλǸλá
֮ϣһźɫΣ۹ĻʵۣҲţźɫۡ
ʮ꣬Ǹߺ֪ʱ򣬲Ųʮ꣬ԣ໹ʮģ
ĴӣѾʮˣôֻʮأ
˫˸ǻ۵Ĺâһ飬ʲôкǿΧţԸߺͿ塣
ߺ֪һǹ顣
ˡ൭˵е鷭һҳ
ߺ޺΢΢Ƿμ
ҲǽɱֵȨ֮һԸߺôڳΪɱ֣˵ø¹ˡ
ȴɱ֣֮µɱֿҪ¹򣬶ɱֻҪǷͿˣ˵Ļȥˡ
ֻҪ㹻ģĺãʲô˵
ߺȻ˵ˣԼʴ񵤣϶ߺҷ
һ㣬Ӹߺһܹ꣬ʤνɱ֣Կߺİͦġ
ôüͷ̧ͷǵʵ
޺۽¾˵һ£˵ͷţĲʽΰ飬׳Ǵķзǲ
ߺһæ˵ȫЩԶﴫµĹͣ
ˣˣλʶ˵ˣ׳һУǲԶﴫ㶼ĺܺãһ˵
л佱¶ãߺΣֻ˵аޣΣӺҲҿ㣬һ֮ɻ
ߺ֪ԼļƻǰˣȻĻݵ鵽ԼͷϣԼʱˡ
뵽⣬ߺΣŮˡ
θѲʹˣˣȥɣ˵꣬һ֣ʾ˿Գȥˡ
¸ˣߺ޺΢΢Ƿתȥ
һ·ϣߺû˵Ϊƽɱ֣˲˵޺Ȼ˵ˣ̫
һ·ص˵档
ĳǻʵ۵ĺ֮УҲֵˣ󹬵ɲǺֻܶ࣬Ժѡ
Աʵ۵٣Ҹò绨ȣҲǺɵˡ
ߺҲ⣬ĻͲʮʱͻƳ硣
ھɫٺõʿҲôﵽ߰ɡ
߲ҪʣҪǿԶ֮ġ
Ϊڵذ֮һҲΰɡ
ں˵ˣϾͲ֪ˣΪȴ֪ж
ԣ֮УûжɵĴڣ඼ǹŮ̫֮ģ֮⣬ڸֶûС
ԣ棬ߺ޺ۿ˵ǳ˻ʼԱ֮⣬Ψһˡ
ȻҲǻԺ󹬲öŮʲôʲô˼ΪǸߺ˲ˡ
ʴ񵤵ĹÿʮֵŷأŻðŸʴֻͬ࣬֡
ֽ׶εߣǺĵġ
ܷĽɱѲӺ󹬣ߺ˴Ӻеһɿݵľзǳڡ
ߺһߣһ߲ϵ˼ʲôԼм¶ֵ׷أҲһˣڻʹдʱô˵ҲаˣΪʲôҲأ
Ѳɷŵǰ棬ЩߺкȻðһͷԼˣܰȰЩΪʲôôģ
ʱ޺ۺȻ˵ʽѲɣȥǱˣǷֿȽϿһЩ
ߺ˼Ŷʶĵ˵ͷ
Լ˰Сʱ룺ֲʡţιصĹҪ֪ģһҲ֪ҺβˣúͨСŵĿУʹ֮صıʲôǲˣ
뵽⣬ߺľͿʼæʱת޺ۣǲ硭硭ֿ£Сȥˣ
漴չ¶΢ЦãԼж
ߺ廯⣬ʧԭأҽϵĺҲĳһɫ֣ǰ֧ɫëҲ˹
磬һָѪװΣߺָռ俪ʼϸ΢ѷ죬ȻһָѪС
ȿȡߺ¶һ˿΢ЦǴһָѪսҹһָѪҲЩ˽⣬װҲӦ֡
һ̫Уһ˲ǼһĴǰ־ͽԷĲס
̫ഭ̱˹ߺ󣬱ȣϧסˣ޷
ʵ㣬Ȼɱ㣡˵꣬ߺԱߵһľһָһ̳档
ʹе̫࣬ȫ˾ǱͲʲô֮ˣԶԸߺһŵͷ
ߺֽķſ̫ȻҿֵĿŸߺ
ʼ򵥵ģʵ谮Ĺ˭ߺʵװһָѪ
ι˵Ϊڶ֮ˣԱñ³谮̫Ȼ־嵽˼㣬ߺʳĻһԵ˵
ߺĵ˵ͷ㻹治ʹ飬֪İ˾ŲʮʣֻҪ˵ʵұ㲻Ϊ㣬һԲϡ
ߺһ˿ɱ̫㱻Ũصɱ̼ιȥæͷһʵشֻҪ֪һ֪޲ԣ޲


369 ǹ
ߺǸ̫Ŀе֪ιסĵطһķ䣬Ըߺɱ̫벻ɱûκεĹϵ
ߺڵһָѪװ磬Ըߺǲôĵġ
ԼʹһָѪʹǺߣѷֱ٣˵ʲô书̫ˡ
֮󣬸ߺ㰴Ǹ̫˵ģٵιסĵطɱȥ
ιΪ谮ĹʹЩУҲԶԶĲ磬ΪιСŮΪǿµ츳ʵ
˵ڵιȻ䲻ʮʵȴʵ£Ѿﵽµĺ۷ˡ
ʹڵذ֮УҲǰéĴڣ˵Ůڶ춼ذ֮Уʮ֮еǰʮʵһ㡣
ңΪιò绨ǣ׷ڶ࣬ŮԴɫ
ιʵȻܹ۷壬ССڵذ֮Уʵ϶Сӣߺһ߷ɱһмٵ˼
춼ĵʮ׵ذ񣬱춼Ȼǲ֪ΣܹǰéģʵҲһ̫ˡ
ңû˹˼ļҵĹŸʵǿɱȱȽǣ۹ǶȻҲǿ󣬵ǶЩǺӾм˵ǲڻ¡

ߺһ˼һߣһһͥԺֱͬʹ֮еһСͻʹ
ݣߺĿϾӣУһЩȽϧķƷЩ䶼ˣ׵Ŀ
Ǹߺû뵽Լȴ￴ˡ
ۣ곤࣬˵ʵڵģ˭ȢλǡԩƲߺһлͣ߶
ΣҲһذ׳ϵôģӣҪǿľһὫ֮Ūߵġ
漴ߺȻԭأΪȻһ⣬Сʹֲ֮Ķ
ﻹǷƷЩǿƷ֣һһĿЩƷ֣ʹʮȣǿĴ
һЩרں֮ģĻͻɡ
ңлźϢֲøߺԴӽ֮󣬾Լޱȵ泩
ЩϢǳĺ䣬Ҹߺ֮ǳϤУЩСһ㣬ԸߺرУȿֺߺȥ
Щߺ뵽ߺ֮У泩ĸоߺ㶼̲ס
ԭǺ뵽ߺ֮УȻߺѾΪЩʮֵߺڵںϡ
ߺڵҲ뽫Щɽȥ·Ƿ·͸ôһ𣬲Ӧ÷ֿһ
ߺһæ궯ѹ£·ӡȫë׹رգԼЩ
Ҫ֪ɲ棬ǻʹ۹ĻʹҪ˵ԼϢǼһ﷢ˣ࣬ʹΪ˲֪ж١
۹ܹΪǶͨʵߺţıпȥô򵥣ֻһߡ
ŵĴϣǸүͿԿ۹϶ô򵥵ģϼһҲһߡ
Щϼһһ͹Լһˣ¶ǲ
οߺлһµĲ룬ĺԼ֮еĺ˵Ľӽⲻߺȷʮа˾ţȪͼйء
ңпܣǹڻȪһ֣Լ¶ƷǻȪֵıˡ
һǶԽˣϾߺΪ󲿷ֶջȪ֮ġ
ңѾлȪ֮кˣǶԻȪͼ֮еĲָе¶Ǻ֡
ӽţ͸о⺮òιΪҲǺɣߡȪͼϵıķ
뵽ߺǼǾš
ԼܹҵȪͼһö飬ԼΪ߽۹Ĺ벻ĺô
ңеĻȪͼȻʮֵĿ־壬ʮֵĸȤ
һָоԼȪͼռˣض벻ĺô

ߺٵСʹ֮ӹ廯һӰ
ȻɿȻסˣȻһߵĲݴȥסһ
ûһڸߺǰȻ߹һʿЩŮԣΪȴǺ
ԼʮΪǺصľ磬Լʮ꣬Ƿŵ棬һһĶεķǳ
ǣǿɶǺߣȻۣʮ͡
ߺͬһʯͷһ㣬ϢЩŮԾҲûзʲô
ȵԶˣߺŰķģ϶ȷŮܺãȻôҲ֪СӴôŮԺߣ
ߺаȻͣˣΪǱ߲ԶһȻǸոһӵķ򣬵ȴǶӽ档
ãߺǶһϣԣ֮£ֹͣˡ
һεŮΪûϴεĸˣԼʮȫǺǿΪߺȴǸӵĽԭǵǸͷȻһصߡ
ߺɲҴ⣬¶һϢ¾ͻᱻԷ֡
øߺоҪǣԼȪ֮麮Ժ֮Увͻᱩ¶
һոչȥߺٵˣһڵ˽֮صһ䷿
ǸȻ˵ǺܴģҲǺСˣߺǿûκεƹ⣬Բȥ
ǸǷյģԸߺСһĵĽľмŪˡ
Ȼͬһֻèһ㣬һ˿ûзĵĽ뵽С
ں±˷֣Ըߺڽʱһ񣬸Ͳһ˿и
ߺոս룬;ЩԾ䷿ݸ̫ˣټϸոոߺڸ߶ȽŵĽ׶Σûоʹ˽
֮󣬲źȻЩףΪ澹ȻвŪˮңŮӻĺŸ衣
ȻʮֵŶˣǸߺû͵˼꣬Ʒôã㴳һ䷿ӾȻŮϴ衣
ѾʱҹϴģһʲôҲǹŮʲôġ
ߺ˼漴ĵĶ㵽һŬĲԼ巢һ˿Ϣ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôͻȻӣǣôɭϵԼ
죬ȵϢ֮ԼȥѰҡ
ԼСʱȥˣŮӾȻϴ裬ߺЩΣŮҲ̫
û̴꣬ǣһ仰˵ˣһͷҲûˡ
ǸŮϴ裬ȻôԡͰ֮˳ȫţߵ
ߺһ£Ȼһ


370 Ż
Ůӳòɣǣħһģ͹£ؼǣߺûпŮ˵塣
ʹӵۣ֮Կ֮תҲû˱΢顣
ΣȻߺɿˣѩļʹһգ˵˫壬ƽ̹С޳˫ȣħġ
ңŮ߶䣬һ۶ɼοߺ򲻴ء
ͻľϲߺһûѳסȻ
ʲôˣò绨Ů˺Ȼһһ¼ϵķ̳Уڸ
ԴŮһȣȻһҲ˽ʮǵΪǺء
ʲôˣ˴𣿡æŮӵԣæ˵
ߺ⣬ȻֲػȻ֮ˣԭǹϴ裬òɵŮһιˡ
ȻιߺͬΪɱ֣Ǽ˼û˵֮еЩɱûһģߺ
ǣҲ˵ѣǣոߺڵԿˣҲ˴Ůգһ
˵ιڸߺǰûһ˿صˡ
Ҫɱ㣡ιҧ˫ͨ죬һִ˵
ߺ֪Լûа취ˣɴ󷽷վιľһܹգǱң
ߺ˵ʱ򣬼װһָѪټڵĴ磬ѾʧȥǵĹûϸ룬ȷ˸ߺݡ
һָѪɣ˵ţһһУݺݵһߺȥ
ռ伸˲ѣҲ
ߺ֪ƾһָѪʵ¾ԲιĶ֣Լʹ
һᱩ¶ݣԲǸߺҪġ
αˣȻ㲻ϲң߱ˣˣߺָȵԼιһȥ
εڸߺϲռƬƬ䣬Ҳϵѷ˷ȥ
䡭
ȦȦм䱬԰һţߺҲ˳ȥϾڿһָѪ
һָѪʵԼأοذȽϿǰأ
漴ߺɫͱϲĿιһۣĶˡ
ٶȣͬе磬һ˲ţ˲ʧԭء
ι˴ӷгʱ򣬸ߺѾûӰƾߺڵٶȣ׷ء
οߺûߣڻʹһεĵطˣһŤӿһźִɫ֡
漴ߺֽ·ڵϲϵĴϢ
ոգιĹУоһԼ壬ңһ˿˿Ȫ֮Ϣ
ȻֻлȪ֮۰ڷ֮һϢȴߺ֮еٴδԸߺĶˡ
ûĺֻ֮մȾ˻ȪĺԲŻôǿģߺи̾
ιûĺȻĻʵԼ˵ͱ΢΢ˡ
ңԼҲ¶ˣǱ֮еĺߺбӡΪͲǴˣǳ׵ıˡ
ǻȪʮа˾ι˵ʵڵģ椳õȷĸûȻ谭ñ飬Ǳҵĵˣ
ߺɱһţ
ڸߺո¶ĵʱ򣬺Ȼ޺۵ͬȫ׷һָѪ
ߺ⣬¶һ˿΢Цڻʹ֮УȻܳΪʽˣȻݾȫعˡ
ԣһƸߺΪߺǳΪ
ȷǱˣȻĻҲ˼Ҳ˼ľߺв뵽
Ƿϻ˼ȫˣˣ
ΣǸһָѪɣԲѵĵǰȻĻʹˣߺ˵ţȻϸ߿գһҪ޺ǰ棬ҵһָѪ
ߺһڶͷ֮ϣһֻۣ۾޾ķ纮
һߺϵϤֻۣڴﵽշŵĳ̶ˡ
ֻ֮۵͸ӹܣûȫʩչԲûк
ҲǼķģеʱ򣬿ƱͷŸӵѡ
ߺǴլԺȥڸߺͲ¡
ΪʲôҪǱ߿أߺмƽϡ
Ҫ֪һָѪΪʲô϶Ǳģ˽ɱ֮⣬ɱֵȻ˵ôķأҲӦϾӡ
ߺСʹ֮ڣѾһʱˣһָѪǸƢһ֮ڴ̫ʱġ
һߺȻ۾һЦգˣߡ˵ţߺһתʧڿУʮӱƬ֮ϡ
ߺʱһָѪѾһξˣԸߺ׷ȥ
Ǽ֮󣬸ߺһָѪ
һָѪߺȻһָѪǰָƣһָѪȥ
ƻһڿУΧŸߺֱһһָѪȥ
ʽȻ͵ϮһָѪָݺݵߺһƴȥ
䡭
һըһָҵһ𣬸ߺһָѪ嶼˼ס
ǣȴ¹һָѪؿϡ
ΪʲôҪ͵ϮңһָѪŭĵ
ߺҲԵ÷ǳŭһСʱ֮ǰڻʹ͵Ϯң㻹Ϊʲô
һָѪһ㶣һСʱ֮ǰϢ
ʲô֤
һָѪĵû֤ʱԼҳʱҲûм˿ôɣɱҲɱˣҪǽɱֵλأ
ߺǺȻ߳һ˿ЦȻû֤Ǿͺöˣ
˵ţߺ˲һָѪߣ֮еһָѪֵУߺʼԼ
˫۽ıĮĺбڸߺܣϵۣһΧŸߺЩҲͬһ㣬ߺס
ЩĴڣߺò濴
һ㿴ߺʺɱְҵ
㡭˭һָѪߺǿΪˣ⻯۷壬Һ䵽ϢĸоǸߺ
ȻҪСඡߺ΢΢һ̣ռ䣡
ֻһӣһָѪͶãŸߺߵǰСţɣ
ո˵꣬СŵͳڿУҡͷββں治ͣذڶ
ŪɵߺЦ


371 
۹ĵңŵĴߺһ˻ųճɵɵһָѪ
࣬ѾɴΡ
۵
ߺһֽһָѪӵ˵ϣ΢΢ǷһָѪѾ׷ˣڵʱս̫ңԣ̫أ֮
˵ߺδɵѪۣ˵
ϵ˺۶ǿָµ˺ۣȷӦǸߺһָѪս֮µ˺ۡ
һָѪϣҲŴССǳһĵˣֻۣиߺſôϸС˺ۡ
֮Уߺıˣ͸ֽƬһ㣬ȴʮֵļ͡
ţʽĲ˵ͷζ㽫ȥɣôþôã
ε˵ͷǲû뿪һߺв졣
ûһ޺Ҳص˴֮ϣߺճɵɵһָѪһ㶣漴һĿŸߺ
ˣ˵ˣŻ㼯ɱ֣Ҫڤ룬˵ɽ˲ޡ
ңʵӦޣ˵ֻ޻ֻĸģпܲ޵
ΪֹѾĸǰȥˣöϴȥֻҪлᣬһҪ޵ҴûУ
˵⣬ɱһҷ˭˽̣õʴ񵤵Ľҩˣ
գ¶ЦݣȻ˭һʹ˭һױ
⣬ߺһϼһϱˣȻһ׵ı
ҲǣֻҪܹõö޵ȵɳڣ;ԿԻһֻޣ˭Ķ
ߺǷǷ¾ȸˣ
˵ͷߺͷҲص߳˴޺Ҳ󣺡ʽʵξȻֻô̵ʱ䣬ʹһָѪ
ߺָԼϵ˺ۣʲô˼ϵöôĴۻģ
ˣˣ֪ʵôҪˣϿԲѲˣ߳ȥȶȥô޺ۺȻԸߺ˵
ߺεЦЦЦˣﻹб͵ƣһ·Ҳ˲ʳǻ֮г԰ɣڶǰҹˣǸƵ껹ŵģ
޺۵˵ͷҲǣҲգֻгˣ
ߺЦˣ͵Ǽ̳˰ɣ
ĸߺļ޺ص˵׳ģʱϾȽ϶̣˵ܸɣ
⣬ߺһһﵹû˵ԼϾĽһЩ黹Ǻξһ˵˵ɡ
ˣˣˣһȱưɣߺҲ΢Ц˵
˹ģȥ棬ι֪ľɻĿһ¸ߺӰȻҡҡͷ
ܸоЩԾƭ˵ĸоأò˵Ů˵ĵеȷߺû¶ʲôȻˡ
ιҡҡͷ벻Ȼֻý֮ܵһߡ
ԣţǸ͵ҵıԺпĿĥʹɵˣҲԲùģ
ƵӦһקָһָѪȥ

ߺ޺ۣʹ쳩һ̳֮ڶû߻ԽʼҲԵĶ˺ܶࡣ
˵ֵܣҲӦжʮֵഺ٣ֻϧҪݲˣ޺۴һãĶŸߺ˵
ߺ⣬һ룺˵ˡ
ȫʼ¶еľˮθ־ʱҲ˺ܶࡣ
ߺȴûбֳװ˵ôˣ磬㡭ôô˵
Щ飬ֻ֪һ֪Դӽ֮˵ϵ𣿡޺ĵ
ߺϵҡҡͷ޺һĴȣߺʱ죬Ϊ޺ĵȡ
㲻֪ͶˣϿصĴڣ֮󣬼ɱ֣û֪˵Ҳ࣡
ʵ˽ܵܣû֪ˣΪ඼Ҫǿ˵Ѿﵽߡ
һЩ겻ɵ񣬶ɵģŵĵһɱ֣һȣǽɱƨ
ߺһУ̽ʵǣȥڤ뵽ʲôϵأ
Ͳ֪˰ɣȻҲ˵ô֪أ˵Ż֪ȻĻֻܲ£һ֪ǶǴ
ߺͶ䣺Ҵǰôûзһأī𣿡
Ѿ˵޺ûںߺ˵ٺһЦ㲻֪ϣɱ飬ͬϷֻ񣡿£˳ĻͻᱻĻʱǾֻ򣬶ǵЩͻߣͿ͵ö޵ˡ
ɽô˵ȷݶߺ󣬸һܽᣬ΢УһȤϷֲ޺Ϣ֮أ

ڶԼߺ޺۴ҳ޺ۻƤЦߺ֪һɱ֣;ĩ·ԼĿοɡ
ϧҵ˲ͬҲţҲɱ֯νιеıߣҾ͹ˣߺа¶ġ
Һãǽϵɱˣ൶ް٣ȥѰԼܵܵ򣬲ȻĻι϶ȥˡ
ߺڰң֪УߺŴ࣬λһСѾڵˡ
ȥڤ룬ҪζʹҪö޵Ҳʧֻȥһ£Ǹ˵
İɣұ֤СѾͷһëٵĽ㣡Ǹ˿޺˵ġ
·Ծģ֮󣬺ëը𣬸ߺһļƤһ˿˿Ļ㱡
ߺһȣû뵽˵ΪȻǿֵزֻƬ֮ȻͿӰ˵顣
ڸߺһɱ⡣
˵ĻܶԼô
ˣȥɣףտ˵ţԼĶ˵Լ׵ܵܣԼȻǻʵۣҪʿ
ֻ֮ǲмһЦȥ
ʼգߺûп˵òϴһźɫ֣崩ҲǺɫ·
·ɺޱȣѪȾɵһ㡣
ߺԴ˯ȥѾǵڶˣ֮УûаҹĴڣԸߺҲ֪ڵϻǺҹ
Ÿߺ޺۴֮гǡڻʹųι
ߺ˲ͬȻܴˮ̶֮гˣӻʹġ
ݳģǰǸԣţһ۷ߣιġ


372 ֮ʧ
ǸŹȥڤɣҲʶҾͲˣʱڤջ档˵ţҲߺ˷Ӧʧԭء
ߺûôʧģôƾʧԭأߺЩ̾ߵܣ治Լģ
Ǹڹ棬ңŴӼǲԳƹʵ֣СˣԣŷԸ
ߺ˫һϲֻʣˣּࡣ
ڤ۹֮⣬ܵ۹֮۹м䡣
˵ǹڣԽڤ롣
ڤ֮УɷأͲǺ߸ȥĵط˵߻̽һ
ǺڲֻЩɵĳͣ̽Ҳȫ̽
еĳģǣ֮󣬱ûٳˣ˵ڼžҹﳣҵд
šߺ޺۵ӦȻߺиˣǲԱܱ¶
漴ιͬһչ߷ɣߺ޺ҲںС
ߺզЩȣû뵽ôϡеֶҵ͸ԼŮŮƫ
ôˣˣ޺ڸߺ棬ʵ
ߺЦһʲôģãٶǼ£Զˡ
Σߺ˵ĵʵȻޣȻֹڶ׶壬ٶҲס
˵ĲǶģι޺һ٩֮ɫŸߺ
⣬ߺһӿϣιµģʹףһ¶
μ¶ǶڻȪļ¶Ƕιǡ
ߺȻعͷȥѲ㿴鹫Ŀ
һ½޺סˣ˵ûаôˣеɱ֣ûɣ
ߺĬȻŶ
ôֱ׳ģʲô鰡
û°
޺ۣ
ںǲǣС˵ˣеĻȥժǰݳȻߺ޺ǰ˵
Ǵ̶ߺĶʹ˵ţܱܲһһէģ˵ģ
ҲԹԵıͣںˡ
Ȼǰ˵ҲǺǶڸ˼˵ǵĸˡ
˵ĿȻͬߺǣҲһʱ˰ɣϧնౡҪڴˡ
Ѿ¶ģζ֣ιеöȪȻͽιɱ
޺۵뷨ͱȽϼˣ͹ҲһüˣʲôʱָܷõλܿĿһۣȻΪĳ
Ҳѵ飬Ͳܳ档
һ·޻۹İͼʮֵĹߺΪ۷ߣһҹڤ뻹ϵ·̡
Ϊɱ֣ߺ޺֮ɱ֣ǵװ۹ɱֽ磬֪֪˲
޺ۣŽɱ֣һ˫Ȳ֪Ӣۺܣɫߡ
ʽŽɱ֣Ϊصĸ֣ȻֵһôǣҪɱˣһ֮С
ÿɱˣʽһбеУֳңŵɱ֡
ĺҲ˱־ԵƷΪŴûгֹװûԺΪ֡
Ͼ̫ȵʱ򣬺ͻڻ
ǣߺֺһûиı
С㣬ˣǸˣ޺۸ո˵ڣʶԾ졣
εһʽȥסĵطɣסǽ졣
ߺҲӦһڶǺ۷һʵ̫ˡ
һɭ֣ߺٵ䵽棬ָһŴִһãǴϡ
漴ߺѸٳڴ£ͽҵ֦һɶ
һߺҲֻ˼Ӷѡ
ߺ«ưÿôȫΪһɣߺȻõʼ˰СʱĹ򣬾ͽһСɵľݡ
ǸľݲǺܴ󣬵ιһסȫݵˡ
ţĲι˵̧Ųƶ˽ȥ
ʱ޺ҲˣǾµľݣϵĵͷ㼴ʹɱˣһҲǿԵ
ߺ΢Ц˵Ҫȸһײģ˯㣡

ߺǴϢģ˵ϢȫڱĿֻιܹ˯á
ǸŮ۷߸ǿţȻ˫ž⣬ľݵǰ
ߺ룬ȥԼһ·Ҳûʲôչʩչһսˡ
СţСţߺĬĬĺ
һСŵڸߺУˣʲô顣
ûаմСӵߺָȻ޺ˣСŸӦһ£Եˡ
ǱһأߺŬĽŮ˵òݸСš
СŲм˵һ˵ʵڵģСʵôɱأ
ߺ˵ͷܺã󽫼ƻ˵һ¡
֮СԶȥ
һȻǱߴŭǽϹķ
ߺ޺һ±˹ߺæ˵ȥ׷
˵ţż辣ǿ̴ϱ
ߺӰҲʧޣӰ١
ߺûԶȥķܶȥ漴Сŷǿƣͬɽһ㣬һҲǿơ
ȴǵǿĴڷġ
СôˣС㣬ȥ˵ţ޺ѸʧԭأǸĺ۷ǿ߶˵
С㣬ԣűɣȥǱ߿εһŮѸٵʧԭء
Լһ֮ǸȻǸŮĲҽһûˡ
ԣţܹⵣˣҲȥɣε˵֪ڵԣһĲɵӡ
ӪؿʼüžֻҵĶľԤʾ
ʱһӰȻڷ֮УȻȻݶ˺ˡ
ͲµļҲ뿴㵽ʲôͣιɢŵĺľ֮˳
Ӱһ֣ȻΪ۹Ĺ£ȻȻҵң
͹ûйϵҪʵ⣬ˣιո˵꣬һһѱУŽȥ
ǸߺԼװȫıˣԹҲûϳ
ߺһһһ߾֮ƽ
ȻרнˣǽΪɻڣʵҲŷ츲صı仯


373 Ͻ
ߺеĽͷųһ۶ĹâιԼûа취ˣߺԼеһ㡣
һǿĴ̴ӸߺбĽϱ˳ǿŸߺڿռ仮ռ·롣
ﬡ
һļ𣬸ߺι׷׵浹ɻȥ
䡭
ιǼľݣԺݺݵȥ۸ߺ޾Ŀռ䣬߸ߵ
ߺݺݵһƣѸٵڰͣסȻŷιķȥ

ιҲӵгϵĻԵҲûܶ˺ڸߺɵһ֡
纮Ȼιɫһ䣬Ϸǿƣޱȵı䣬ܵĿ½˺ܶȡ
ߺһһͷԼʱʮֵƣûԼôˡ
һŤڿмٵת䵽ԱߵϣߺǾԲܹǰġ
Ȼģȵʵ¶ˣôԺҪ͵ϮĻͻԽԽѡ
˵ٽԼԼǽ첻Ӧеصزˡ
ߺǾһǱԼǰǽȻƯ䡣
һ󣬶ιȻǽŵˣ
ߺһɻ󣬵漴ʩչеľϵǿеĽϴȥ˫ֳɽָһһַǳķ˽ȥ
ҲŹأΪʩչϽ֮еϽ˵ʵѾȫʩչϽ
ǣԴӷ֮󣬸ߺʩչϽˣҲ֪ܹܲʩչϽ
һŲͬķʽߺ뵽Ǳ֮ڡ
ǱֻƷŸߺ룬ڽϾȻѺۡ
һĻȻҲԷιˣЦһԭֻһƷûС
˵ûдҪŹߺҲϽһȱ㣬׼̫ˡ
Ҳ֪ڵΪˣϽܹʩչʲô̶ˣߺһűд򾢵һĬĬ뵽
ɣιڶˣһֱɱУϵۣڱ²
ÿ£ռ䶼ִѷ죬ռ䶼ʼȶ
⣬ߺȻԭǱ⣬ǱĻԼòʵˣǽĻǻһЩ
Ȼ˵ǸߺвʮֵɣҪ֪ȻԸߺûбôǿ
ǿΪ⾳ʮֵǿ
̶ֳȵĽ⣬ͨĺ۷ҪﵽǾǾųɽ⣬նɱԼħĴڡ
Ҳ˵ιһʮֵļǿ᲻ɴݣߺţ֮ƶιһûʲôá
СŵĻþҲκβιսʤͶȡǲܵˣֻĽ֮ܡ
͵Ľ⣬ߺһ߶磬ǰƯǽŸߺƮ
ΪͿԶҵĹ𣿺ߣǳ룬쿪˵ţιӰһߺ
ֻδдĺӿߺԣŰΧסˡ
ǱĺߺţɺȻûԼͷŵô䣬һҲǺܲ
Ǳĺߣʹ޺ۣȻôĺҲͶιܲˡ
ȫǰŪҪ˵ߺǵʲá
Ľ׳壬ȫûȪ֮֮еĺܶεģֱĳ̶ȣôӰ졣
ûӰ죬˸ߺĴæ
ĵвһУԼҲֲˣ̿ˡԻ
ߺĬĬ˵ЦգһץЩȻоۼ
ͬԼˣߺз
ߺһץ㽫֮ȫԼУ㿪ʼۣЩĺԲٶ˵
ɴཫ֮Щ
Ͳһˣڸոոߺں֮УжҲʮֵѸۺ˵Сһֵ顣
ԸߺܿˣѸٵĽ֮ľڿƯĽС

һȥ֮ǰ˱ڳܲסӴѷ졣
ܲͺ֩Ƶġ
ǱҲһɹɵĲɢǿߺһУˣϽ
˵ţߺǰıһɫɫͬһɫ
ɱ
ߺιеĽԽԽǽϳĽǿ׵ĸдǹɿԽһ˺ѵ
ߺţʹ۷壬ǱһеĻҲ÷ˡ
Ȼǿ󣬵ǸߺԼķ䣬ܹھųɽ֮±סѾΪķʵ̫ǿˡ
ߺ˫ǰһַ׷׻һԲָҲٵۣŸߺôһȻһԲεĽιɨȥ
ˡڰƯģ˸ɫĽȻһ˹漴ǰԲεĽιȥ
ߵٶʮֵĿ죬һ˲׷ǰǰԲνǰ档
ɶ񡭡
⣬ιһ󰵺ޣոѾͷ˺ˣΪʲôߺ᲻ܺӰ죬ٶһ㶼ûмأ
ǰڼ˼ȥˣΪߺѾƽˡ
ιɵּ˼ռ䶼ʼѿЩѺۣһ̻ȥƵġ
䡭
ģǸߺǵɫĽ֮ιӶеĽ໥ײһ
һǿĳԭͷųǴ˴վһ۷ߣʹҲΪҽġ
ϽȻǿ󣬵ǲҪˣߺûʩչϽǿʩչ
˵γɹˣߺãιǹɺߺοʹԼǿԱ
ڸߺýָͷųĽ͸ӵĲ˵ˣ鹫ֻǻӽ䣬ǵԲεĽͱһɶˡ
ߺιֻĿռ˭
Ҫ֪ռѷ죬ɲôġ
ģĿռ仹ԭˣιɱһߺ
ߺָϵƶǣֵǣûиеϽĴڡ
ιԽԽߺʼ̧һֻ֣ǰȥ㲻Ҫ
û˵꣬ȻԼһţ⧲֮£Ȼε̧ͷǹģ


374 
ߺǰһɴǼʹǸɴǶ˵֮гŵŭ𣬸ߺ
˫ŭߺ֪˵ʲôãֻվԭز
εǰ͹֮ϣʱʱĻʶ¡
һĸоӿͷ̲ס̫̾ˬˡ
ߺȴô˵һﱾɱԼأô˵ӵŭ
ߺпЦѣôһôԵԼҪͣһ£ȴСĵ˶Էģ
ϴλѵĿһд棬ԩԩָвġ
һʹεļž
СҪɽôóѣҪ͵Ϯ£Ҫ͵Ϯˣ
棬޺۴ЦӺߺһֻһţ׳գԭĹ
ߺεƳһۺ޺ۣ˭ҲȲˡ
գߺ룬վŹһЦˣˣػǺ˰
˵գߺתʧˣĶˡ
⣬ɣûǸѾз˼ٲߵĻĲˡ
ߺߵˣɲ޺ܹӵùҲûߵ˼ΪԼıմմϲ
ΪСүôҲŹģ´ǵðĹ˺޺۶ŸߺıӰһٴȻЦӯӯߡ
û°ɣ޺æ˵
ι˫Ѿóˣ˫۳ѪŽɪɪ
޺ۻΪιǺˣǰ԰οģСڣһûµģ
ι˫Ŀ޺ۣ·ڵû£ˣ
˵ţһŽŶ޺˹ȥ޺ڵ

һԣžιĺ棬ʧ֮ɫԭǸŮѾˡ
Ҫ˵ԣΪʲôôȫԭģǸŮʵԣŵͽܡ
ͽܲûʤֻʮ꣬͵˺۷塣
ȥ˵䣬ʮʮ֮󣬱ɾһߣʱ£ڻʹ֮еĵλҲȻǡ
ǣ˭뵽ȴԼͽһ
˵ǲôıֻЩϧϾôһͽܣԺҵõˡ
ղԣŵ뷨Ĳҽ֮ԣųȥˡ
ôˣڶ޺ʩѹһŽŶ޺û߹ȥԣҲЩȡ
ûлػھľ޺ۣùˣڵϴϢһȻӵؿ
һޣ̾ǵӡУȻΪ֮Ǻûп޹֪Ϊޡ
ôǵˣԣֱӽ𷢵˱޺۵ϣһѽ֮
벻ԣſȻôǿһѾͽ޺Ҳֱ
ո޺۸ûпϸô֪ΪʲôҪΪʲôأո
Ȼ֪Ϊ֮ʧߺһţ಻
δС֮ӣ˵ˣԼЩǣû˸Լһ¡
죬ܵ裬͵ϴ裬ȻϮʱ򣬱Լ˽
ⳡ־еʱ򣬸ߺȻǵߣѾָԭĴ硣
һźߣɫҹ£ֻ϶һ㶫һͷڵޡ
ǸߺСŴƬ֮£òҵġ
ԣŵԱߣеӵϣһͷͬһޣʱȴû׶
ͷβͬһ㣬мӲƬͬһ㡣
ߺ˵ɶļһɷѿģڵһң
֮УȻֻиߺԼ޵ʬˣԣ޹ԣŵǸӸԼ
ιɶĻǸ޺ˣҲôңȻײ
ôأҵĵˣһλֻܴ֮ѡһλˣԣų˼ĿǰΪֹǹڵһλ
ԣſһ޺ۣ㡭
ιȻվָŸߺ˵ɣ
޺۱ǵι죬ιôԼĻء
֮£ѡ˸ߺ
ߺ΢΢֮ϲû뵽ײ֮£ȻԼĿǰһ
⡭޺Ҳ֪Լ׷ʲôԵľͱˡ
ʱ˵ʲôɲʲô֮٣ɴ಻˵ˡ
ιתתӣŵȥǷӣСʱ֮ڣɣ
˵꣬ιתˣһ仰Ҳû˵
޺۲ɵЩΣȥߺ뵽Ժкӹ˰ػ䲻Լˡ
ԣ˹Ϊʱʱ̵̿ػڹߡ͡
ߺ⣬һԼиɣԼԼ°Ը
ڹɣҲ㱣ûУԣ˵꣬ķȥ
ߺһмУϼһ˵ôأԼһš
ιԱߣԶһطﻺıԼ˫Ŀ
ιҲԣæԱصⲽ߶֮䣬Щľι档
ִʩչһ֣Ūĵģߺ΢΢˫ۣмĿһԣš
湤ĲϧΪУٶĶҲֵסң꣬ߺֱĿ
ڱ濴ǱĿ񣬵ĴԼٵתô죬ΣԼȻθһǴոյʵԼǲʹƾĻ϶֡
͸˵ԣ޺ۡ
ʵȻôǺĻܹùƾԼء
ң֮һˣ©һˡ
һ꣬ŵ鱨൱־ĸо
ЩϼһʵеһС
ˣˣˣڸߺеͷʹʱһͬһڸߺ
ߺǼһ£˹Ȼ䱸Ŀǰſݵա
һˣԭ㰡ԣţˣ
Ҫ·ˣ߰ɣԣžϵļʻλϣߺ˿и̾
ǰԼģԼȴǸϳģడ
ţι˽ȥţߺҲȥ
𣬴ڤķȥֻϧֻʣ޺Լˡ


375 ֮
һ˵ְȫȫ˼죬Ϣʱ򣬸ߺûٶ֣ѡĿ
ΪһָоԼĺ˸ţʵ̫ǿˣԼûа취ʵĸоĴڣֻģģָо
Ҫǣߺ֪Է˭
ڣҪߵڤˣ⼸ߺ˼С
ΪһֱֵĸоһΪӦǳң۹ʼҵˡ
ֻ˭ߺĲ֪ˡ
֮ۿԷ˭£һ۹ʼҵˣôԼı¶ˡ
һ۹ɱɲô򵥵飬ߺɣ˴Լ˳۹ͿʼԼֱڡ
㵽˭أϣߺмٵ˼ŬĸӦ
ǣָо·ڤڤ֮УԽǿȥӦԽӦ
ߺûСų±Է֡
ˣθߺһӵԱפˡ
Щ̫ˣмǧ׵Ŀȣںӵߣ۹أӵǱߣڤˡ
Զڤ룬һƬɽ͵֣ЩɽȴǺɫģͬһѪɽƬɽͬˮй̨硣
Ѫˣη
ɽ֮У·ԩ꣬Ȼ˻
ڤڣ۹ģҪ˵Ļȴ۹һС˵ˡ
ǣϧǣ治ܾסˡ
ȥˣһǳ֮ˣ󲿷ֶġ
ЩûģҲΪǵʵ̫ǿ󣬻˽ߵ⣬նɱа⾳
ڤˣû뵽ô͵ˣ˲أߺһڤ֮ĬĬı۾
ڹǰߺװĿ񣬶ʵʵ˼ζ֣һˣԼֵĻѵõĻᣬ֪ʲôʱС
ڸߺ˼ʱһ˺ȻڸߺҲιķ֮ǰ
ߺһ飬˫ۣһС
նߺ£еһ磬Ŀռնȥ
ģǿϧˣ˵һŮˣûʲôֻ֣ߺһ㷴ȥˡ
浹ȥʮףײһʯͷϣʯͷ̳һƣ漴˷ĩ紵ߡ
ߺ³һ˿ѪĿǰǸŮˣ˭
ŮЦһǺʽֵǲɣ
ߺվ˵ʲô˼㵽˭
ʱι˳֮󣬺Ȼʲôʱģ
ߺʵʱԣҲһ˹֮æ£μˡ
ߺҪˣʵڲף⵽ô£ǰŮӣʵǿ󣬶ҿΪλҲǺܵ͡
ʽ㾹ҶӣҸһƷˡιͻȻŸߺȵ
漴ԣ˵ɱ˰ɣûõĶ
ǸһƷεĹϵܺãȻĻҲΪߺôһ仰ԸߺҪҪɱġ
ιҲֻ˵˵ѣ֪Լʶ壬ԲΪôССһͷߺġ
ǣǣֻǿŸߺ΢Цû˵ʲôĻ
ߺǴŮӳһ㣬Ϊߣڸߺ壬ŮӵΪж
²⣬˵Ϊһǳ磬Ȼ֮£ҪԼһԲôɡ
ԣ˹֮Щɣǣ֮ûһƷ˵ķԸ㿪ʼߺȥ
ߵߺĽǰȻеĹȣߺͷ­ȥ
ߺ۹·עһһˣովеĹȣߺһԷ淭˹ȥ
ԣһˣ̧ͷĿŸߺû뵽ߺȻĸҷ
ȻʵιǰǿƾԼڹǰôˣЩɱֻǶԼϹϾ
ǣߺȻҶԼĹ
ˣɣοԼֹֻԼջظոյĻ
ϾߺҲ֮еĽɱ֣ôһ仰أ
û뵽ȴͬˣԣţɱ
ߺһ֪¶ˣпܣǴԼ˵ĺ棬Լûвѡ
ߺ֮ˣ¶һ˿΢Ц¹ȻȻ֪ҵĵϸˣ⼸ںŵҲɣϢҲ¶İɣ
ߺ֪Ȼ¶ˣô⣬ûõˡ
ЩҲı⣬Ͼߺһж˼֪ˡ
СӵʵҲǶ飬ҿҲһ棬˵˵ɣΪʲôʴ񵤵Ůվԭأ˵
ߺͫһеһУȫ֪ˣ
ȻһУҶоˣΪʲôôŮӼ׷ʡ
ߺһЦ֪ΰɣ
˵꣬ߺһԱߵĺȥ
Ϊˮ֮Уӵùǰ͵Ϯζһûأô򵥵ӵŮӺȻ˵
⣬ߺûзϣα´Ϣ׿ڲϵ˫
ߺͨһ׹䵽ˮ֮Уַȥ
öԸԸǰŮӣȻǲܵģΪǲ֪ǵԱѡ
ǰŮӿ֪һֱˮУһˮ֮ץȥ
һ޴ƳڰУƤɫŮӵһģһõֵزҲǺˡ
ƺȻˮ֮ȥߺֻһźںĶԼڸһӣͱһֻ֣С
漴ֻץŸߺˮ棬Ȼ󲻶ϵߺоԼȫ¶ʯѹţͷҪˡ
۸ߺôѲȥ
ŮڵϲͣЦ㻹˵˰ɣΪʲôʴ񵤣
ߺ¶һ˿΢ЦҪ˵ҲǸͰ
˵ţߺϾͿʼ仯ϺȻͻ𣬸ߺǴطѩ
ž
ߺֺȻˣݵļٺҲ϶ķѣӸߺ
ϵĺÿһݣܵĺ½ȣȵߺ޵ʱܵ¶ȾȻֵֻ˺ܶࡣ
ߺһǾֱɿˣߺһ̤˳ôʱ̣ҵ֪ڵ߻жĲ࣡
һĻ˿ˣ˭Ҳû뵽⼸Լ˳Ϧ飬ʵպϵĺʽȻôǿ


376 
û뵽ģߺȻᣬҷǳĿʡ
û뵽ССͣȻôģһƷ˲ʵȻͲߺǳᡣ
ǣû뵽Ȼôᣬʮ䣬ʵԸʦͽܵʦ¶֮͡
ԣ޺۶ˣĿſеĸߺɵɵ˵һ䣺˧
ֻΣ޵Ŀ⿴ŸߺֲһòԾʵɣ
е˶ι˵ʲôֻиߺһЦι񰮣Сã㣬ζҵĵһŶ
ߺι٩漴Ц
Ҫɱ㣡һһУۿžߺȥ
ҿһƷ˽֮ˣζ£㲻Ķ֣
ǣδţǰȥһ˲ͷһľ룬һƷεҡҡͷʵִ̫ˣ
˵ţһУιԱʱٶȥ漴Ϊ˷ֹιٳҲΪ˱һ֣һֳԭأι档
ӵĽ˿ȸԶҲҵĶ֣һƷɣӦͻûжðɡߺȻתһƷЦ
һƷһô֪ģ
ߺ˵㣬Լȥɣ
СӣȻҵҪ㻹ܿʱһ˵ˣŪǸһƷҲˣߺЦ׵
˵һؽߣ˲ʣûʲôϵɣΪһǺѴˣߺЦ
ߺһ仰һ仰һƷЩʧȥˣвϵ˸һð
纮ߺ۾Ȼһιʩչ۹ĹӦ뺮йصġ
ô֪ģһƷ˺Ȼ˵ҿ˿ߺܵİѩȻ˵㲻ǼĸڵĵӰɣ
ޡߺ߷ߵ³һڿˮҲЩϼһʦЬ䣡
仰ߺ˵ʵ¼ʹǲߣҲ˫ħЬɡ
ĸͽܵķͲñȲǿ϶ٱôΪʦ˫ħʹ߿Ტ۵ˡ
Ҫ˵һĳˡ
ߣвߺ
ڳԣԲѷΪĸϻүĵأԭֻһ̲öѣɣĴ𰸣һƷ˿ʼˡ
ԷϻүͽܣôԼλѰ죬˵ﻢˡ
˵ţϺȻγ޾Ŀ磬ǿһı䣬ȻһĺǺ̹ǣɪɪ
޺۸ո˵һʲô˲ġ
ǣû˵ڣɺĶȫһ
ߺ˫һϲã
˵գſͣһǿ֮зЩǿȻתĿеɽȥ
һĻе˶ˣһƷ˴ĿŸߺôܣʹǺԹҲԲյҵĺ⡭
һƷ˾ȵ˵ˣ۸ߺȣ˫֮Уⱬ䣬һƷ˵ķȥ
һƷ˱ϾǳߣһӶۼԼ֮ϣЩȫֵ
ǣлһЩ⣬źȥ
޺۲Ϊ޺ۣܵ죬һգ۵ĹʧӰ٣ԣžˣУ̽һ㺮
ǺɢŰɫĹâ̫ͬһĹ˲ֱӡ⡣
ԣųһ񣬵ǣıҲû˸ҰڼɣȻԷµġ
ξ͸Ҫ˵ˣǱ棬һ鶼ûС
ɶСӡһƷ͵һԼۣһ㺮֮϶ĺȻôǿ󣬹ֲ㱻Ϊʽأ
ֻǹǿģɵӣҪıΪʩչΪǻĻ𣿡
ߺЦʲôʽֻҪǺЧȰ㻹Ǿʹ˰ְɣ
һߵİɰ֣Ҳ̫˰ɣԼЩԸɣһƷ֮ðɱ
漴Լռ俪ʼۣȻļѹ飬һȥ
ĵطκζ룬õİơ
ߺһ׵ıǹǿˣû뵽ߵȻѾﵽֵزˡ
ߺҲԴеˣۣܵĿʼԽԽ䣬ĺˮȻʼˡ
Ǻˮмʮ׵ȣھȻʵˣʮ׵ȣȫǱˡ
ûˮˮǣͻƺγֻոյߺڵ򣬱˲ɺ
ûһȻ۳һɽ
ߺ˫ԽԽ䣬󣬲ǺˮоȻƾճ˲㺮ڸߺɡ
أ·˱أһжƵġ

ߺ³ô֣ı濪ʼ͹ı״Ȼһͷ
צβһȻıзԾȻ˵ǰ
СһƷ˲мĿһۣԼָȥ
һǿָָŷ˳ָûнռȴҲޱȣ˲ǰ
⿴Ʋǿָôı֣ķͬӴһ㡣
ˬǲһ˿ۼЩ
Ȼ󣬾ôƽĴϣǿıȻһ¾ˡ
ôķѣ׹ȥЩмһء
ʲôҵĲ֮ôƿˣߺҲһոõǲ֮Ĳ֮
˵ˣǰ㲻ͬϰ㣬˵ͲһһƷ˵˵
ȷ𾪣ôһָǿ׿˺ѿռıȻôƿˡ
ߺҲԼ۾Ҫ֪ոǿԼĲıѲԼĲôһ
˫ħΪҪԼƾʲôɼǧһ̫ǿħأ
ǣǳ龳̫Զˣൽⶼûа취ֲࡣ
ʱһ˵ע⣬ոձڵĵطȻһŰ׹ı
ڿǺޱȣȸոջҪ䣬󣬰׹ţȻһ˲۳һɫı
ңαȴǺǿ󣬱ո̶΢ôһ㣬Ҳôһ㡣
ʲôߺ¾ˣѲΪԭ򡣡
ߺȻ֣Լⲻ⻹ԶҲʹû˽ǿԶԼġ


377 ۷
һƷ˿֮аޣҲףߺŵʲôȻܹٴβһ
龪죬ǲеģϾǿʱ̣ѾƵˣ֮ԽԽСܹʲôˡ
һƷһ㣬ϴһ㣬飬ɢһء
лһɫҡͷβǻŰ׹⣬ֻǹâûһʼǰҫˣǰһЩ
龰ٴ֣ǰеĹٴۺһʼǱ߲һһͻֵĳǰ
ߺ⣬˼Ǵξ쿴Լıܹڰ֮ãǲûƻԴӹĹгûʲôʲô֣ܹĲຮƵġ
˿ǲຮǵĴʱ䳤öѡ
Լʮ֮ԽԽֻʣһ˿˿Ĺ֮ǰȣ̫Զˡ
ңһδα飬ǰ׹۳ɱʱҲԽԽѾＫһ㡣
ߺ֪ʮѾǼޣйʱҲֻʮΡ
ͨһУߺٵȴˣ֪ѾãȻȥҲû˼ˡ
ǸһƷ˸ˣƵģƫƫǰߺһߡ
ǲ񣬾Ȼè׽ϷҪ֪ʵеĻǻӵģߺвסЦ
ȻӿӺϢ˫Ѿѩף׵Ĵۣ̫Ĳɵġ
ߺȻ۵Լ˫ϣߺĴһƬռ̽ˣǴռҲʼɺ
ǸߺܵĺϢʧˣȫߺڳȥ
Сӣ𣿸ոջڿ̸ԭҲֻһѣ棬ԣԱ߳Цߺ
Ȼ޸ߺع
һƷ˵ĿڷУ֪ǴϮǸߺɵģԼͽҲڸߺ֮֡
ǲ׵ǣߺôģʱ򣬸ߺһ𰡣
޺۸ǵĸߺİΣ⼸Ů˵뷨ǡǡ෴رϣߺ
Ͼÿһ˵жϣԼ£ڱ˵ƿš
ǣǷõʴ񵤣ǲòϥΩǴӣĳ裬ÿ춼Ϧ֪ʲôʱΪһֻ
ǸߺĳָϣȻ֪ߺʴĵģֻҪһϣͲŹ
ԣǺϣߺܹʱԼԼϵʴ񵤵Ķ
ܵߺƽʧЩϣԿЦ߹治ڳߵӵ
ιһŭݣ˫нߺɱ֮˼
ȻԼԶ֣ЩźǿߺոյͶ䶼ǿ֪ƾԼĻˡ

˲ͬһƷһ֮ɫȻоߺԽԽܿռҲôĺ䡣
ǣƾߵĳǿоܵϢȴԽԽΣգһ˿в
ߺ˵ûȷǸոͻƳûãûйԼͱԼĴɳԼֶŮˡ
ֶŮǴ۰ʸߡ
Ҫǣ׶꣬˶ѧһֱδ
˶ֶŮҲԵϲֱŮô
죬ߺɱѾһƷ˲ˣʱ뵽ԼɷԸԼҪбǧҪ¶档
۹ϲԱ֪֮УǶϣһʵǳ뻯ǡ
ǣû֪ǿΪ
ǣŮѾǰʱ䣬ɹĽ磬Ϊǿ֮һ
ʱ򣬿Уʤ
ǣҪ쵽ڤʱ򣬸ߺѾкüζֵͼˣԣҲ̲סˡ
ٳһߺ˵Ѿˡ
ǣû뵽ǣߺʵȻǿ˹ϵȻܶԼһ˿в
ߺҲڰ̾ϧҪĵǰһƷ˵ļһ
ıѾﵽ˾ŵųɣڻûʩչȫʩչǾǰ벽塣
һƷ˸ոյĶû򵽰塣
ĻԼ˵ϣսʤʹ򲻰Ҳʲô¡
ĸߺ㲻˷ʱ䡣
Ȼ½ȥ䵽ϣվ壬֮Уѩ£һƬããѩӸߺеӳ
ĶԼ壬˫ָǱ֮ϣҲ˵Ǳɽ
еĺԽԽʢϵİ׹ҲԽԽۣ˿ߺʲôط
ǰ׹ⲻϵڱ֮չеĺʼɢŴ۵İ׹⣬е̫â֮°ʧɫ
ʲôŵɵ⾳һƷΪߣоԲǸߺġ
ߺһʩչУһƷ˾̷ˣаȡ
û뵽ǰˣССͣʵǿǽ⾳򵽾ŵɣôеˡ
ų̶ȣζ硣ܹ취֮סǲʧΪһ뷨
˿Զιɱ֮ı飬֪Ӧǲˣֻܽߺˡ
ߺôǿҲˣǹιˣ࣬ı졣
ΪãΪɱ
뵽⣬ԥһһӳС
ǱӳƺɫΣŵ·ɫЩƣΪ
ǱȴһƬƬƬһǣЩƬۣһӣһᱻˡ
ɣһƷһ󺮹˸еƤŸߺȥ
һǿƤߺȥѿأпʼѿ
رѣӵı䣬ɽһ޴ѷ첻ϵĴбӴʼ˷ȥ
ǸߺѾˮȫɺӵĺˮΪмѿľ޴ѷ죬ɡ
ϵӱ߿ߺҲ˫͵һץ
Ÿߺһŭɽʼı仯״
һĹâ˵۶סˣǸͲ浽׷ʲô
һйâʧʱǰıɽʧˣһǧɣɵıչǵǰ
Ǳŭһըռ˲̮ǱÿŤһ壬ܵĿռ䶼Ҫ̮һƬ
ӶһצĿתΪƣ֮£ǿѹ۷˶˵֮սˡ
ߺվͷ֮ϣĹһƷˣþŵɵĲ۳ɵıҲһȫʩչؼ


378 ൱
ڿҡͷβƬռһƬҡ
һƷҲԴĿŸߺµЩп˵Ȼؼҿӻؼеĺöв
ٲ٣Բ֪ˣߺô˵вûС֮⣬ϾһĳߣǰɵĴˡ
һƷЦһûκǾȻƮȥ
ߺ˷лҪֿסԲŻеģû뵽߾ȻǿֵزȫͿԷ
ǰǸ߿ԼˣΪԼһͨĳӵڿ˵ߺа̾
ߺȻô׷ˣһѡ
һӣеıŭһȦȦɢȥ˷ռƬƬݡ
һƷ˸ǲˣеıһһӰӱͷųȥͷųȥıӰеʱȫһϸߡ
ǧߣյ˴أڿвζƺˡ
˻˻һֲ֣֮ϵĸߺȥ
ƽˣ˿ֲ֣ѾŵĸεѣɢˣǸߺûȪ֮۵ĺ꣬ͼ᲻ɴݡ
ôᱻŵվڱ֮ϣĿǳǧϸߣǿֲ֣ûаֵı仯
Ȼǿʼɢƣʼ¡

ߺµ·ˣһԳһ׵ıĵطչ
ߺĶһξ룬ߺո뿪ı˲
ͬ㲨֮𣬿ռһȫ鿪
Ǳǧ߳ȥֻһգۣͳȺ֮С
Ⱥм䣬ϵҡͷβצһһ߻ɢڿ֮лΪޡ
ܣϢϢȺߵܵʱѾ˺ܶ࣬˵ͻƱķˡ
ƬƬռݣռ޸Ѿȫƻ̶ˣռڶӱڵĵط֡

ֻһ׻˵϶ҧ󣬸Ҫ˵Щ߶ǳ߷
ϸкǿĴ͸Ѱĺ۷ߣеһ߶Ӧ˵ǧˡ
ڣھһҵĴ֮£ǧٿףڳɹƵһϸ֧֮ˡ
Ȼ֧ˣǿĲ⻹ڣûһγһ
һεı΢СһЩԼֻоŰɵĳȣɵĴϸ
۷ڣʣЩս
⣬һƷ˰ãеĳһϱǿ
˺أ˷ȥеıӿʼ󣬾Ȼ۳һɣʮɴϸľߡ
Ȼ߿ȸߺı֪Сٱǣȴʤۺ񣬲⾳˵ߺıȴеࡣ
ֻȻ̣һʱڿжѷ¡
ǿ󣬶һЩСϸ֧Ԯȴɲ۶ɵģԼʹˣҲܹڴΡ
ȻСЩҲ٣Ҳ˲١
ڿս˽Сʱڷ׷ܣصϢ
ߺڿſһǱɵĺȻٵĿзȥһߺ㽫֮еĺյһɶ
֮վǣһƷˣһƷҲصĿ
ʵû뵽ȻԵסҵһУں֮ҲǼµˣһƷ̾һ˵
һƷ˾ȣҲȼˣǿǸˡ
߼ʹڳǰҲ϶ѣͲһ֮С
ǣǰߺȴ뷨
ɹ߶ԿһУûʲôˣջȥˡ
ֻιŲܸߺжǿϣľǣߺڷ
ߺԼҲ֪Լռ˺ܴˣֿܵһеġ
Ҫ֪ÿһ߶кܶǿܲɵǣ۹ˣ󲿷ֶ˷纮
ߺȷǵķ纮ڻȪ飬ԼյĿǻȪ֮۵ĺ֮ҲϢ
˵ȪǳĻǻȪ֮ǲ۲۵ĵû˸ַ
ߺ׵ѹס˷纮ԷĺԼǰͬСèһ˳
Ǵû纮ר޻ĻǸߺĲˣսô˳˳ˮ
ȻеͣҾʹһ㣡һƷ˵ţ˽еıӡ
Ӱһ˲˸ߺߣеıӻһɫ磬ߺͷ
Ǳϵľɢǿߺæ֧ǼʹɸоԼԴˡ
ϵ·ԼԴһ㣬ߺãһůԼͷ¡
ߺд󺧣Լ˻ټȻԾɱϵƿ˷
Ȼǿɱ
ߺ֮еıⱬǰ˲һ׺ıǽǱǽɢǿҵĹâ
ϵڱǽ֮ϣǽ˲ˣȻ˲ۣѣۡ
ôİԵԷıӺǰԵֻһ˲䣬ǲıǽľˡ
ô̵ʱ䣬ݸߺߡ

ߺ浹ȥһɢŹâĺߺԭس֣Ǳ˾ȻƣһƷ˹ȥ
Ӱɵأ
ǻֻǿˣû˵
ߺĺò۶ɵģʩչҲ㹻ֵܵԷС
ߺ弸Ѹٳڰ֮⣬Ȼϵ֮գ
ڵľ֮տɲǵտԱˣߺʵǾ֮ʽȻҲˡ
һһСı̳ڿУ飬ͬһ㡣
ոսߺܵһƷˣ֮ӭյı̡
Щ̻һɺǰͺ̵һƷ˷ȥ
һƷҲǳԸɷģеһӻĻͬһһ㣬ܲ͸硣

Ǻһı̶չ˹Щϸϸıȫɳȥǣɳȥı̣ڰоȻһģԽԽˡ
ʱѾֹһˣĹԭСĺһƷ˷ȥ
ɶСӣһƷŭ𣬸ߺ浭ơ
Ȼ˫һ˿⣺Σ
ɺĻ㼯һ𣬾Ȼһѽÿһֶ˸ź֮⣬һƷ˵ͷ­ݺݵ¡


379 ǿ
ɢһƷҲʾ߾еıӣһųȥ
ǵıȻķѣƬƬ䣬ɢˡ
Щ̼ʹˣҲǻָԭ״һϸСı̣Ư
飡ţһƷ˻ӶеĳޣһӰеĳϱеưıȫ˱ĩ
ߺжһҿǶĲɵģոıĩһ˲ֱ⻹ԭ
һ죬ߺԼ֪Щ˺ܶ࣬Ѿڷֻˡ
ҸոշֻѾʹ˲ٱ⣬̱ɢҲܸԭˡ
ţһƷûͣߺ˼УѾսˣ֪ߺܾô򵥵ġ
ԣЩȫ֮ûͣǽŻӶеıӡ
һȦȦÿһ򲻶ϵ죬ߺıٴһա
ߺأð
Ȼ֮նˣȻҲסŮˡ
ŭ֮ߺ˫âǣǺâȴ˸оߺޱȵķŭ
һÿһһƷ˰Χȥͬʱߺ˫֮УһƷ˾ʹŵɵı⡣
ռ䣡
ߺʩչһУеϣǺܴ󣬱Ͼߵʵ̫ˡ
ǣ֪ǸߺʵǿˣΪԷڸոͻ磬Ȼͣһ¡
һ£͸˸ߺᡣ
㺮ôΧȥһƷΧסȻѸٵɺһƷ˸ոͻ˿ռĽ㱻ŭ֮Χסˡ
һƷͷͬһŮħͷһ㣬˫۳죬ļˣҪʹˡ
ɢƣĺȻϸ΢ѺۣߺܹоģѺһƷǿɵġ
ǿƣŭ֮вϵıߺЩ죬Ϊﵽֽ׶ͷһο˾Ȼͻŭ֮ķ
ʴ֮ߺҵȴֻٴʩչǸʴȻ͸ŭ֮С
ȻһƷ˵ƲϵǱߺĸʴ֮ʴˣ߾ǳߣʹƱʴţɲ
ڵѾ㹻Ŀռ䶯ˣеıӣڱ֮УһȦȦתÿתһΣбм
ߺϵ۾ͬƬһ㣬һƬƬĸˡ
ߺһô򵥣ҲӦƷˡ
ƷڳߵпԷӳǿٿԸʹ߼ɵĹ
ߺ֪ȥǰ취ʴ֮ȻǾԲܸʴϽױһƷٶȣһͳɹƱˡ
ӣߺôһ˿˼ߵĻԼԶˣһƷҲ׷ϡ
ߺһ£һƷҪŭ֮гҪʮʱ䡣
ȫߺߣ¶⣬ߺιȥ
ԣſ⣬һµڸߺǰʲô˺һë۹Źģ
˵ţĿһۻŭ֮棬࿪һƷˡ
ߺĿһۣһ׳գ
ҹߺո֣ԣ˺ˣһƷ˻ڿΪߵߣҲߺסˡ
ɲߺΪУһɱ˾Ͳֵˡ
ڹԼûʹʴ񵤣ҲضԻʼұϹϾԼˣʲôûˡ
޵࣡ߺ˵ţ̧žֱϡ
ٺķʱˣϾڿһƷѾһˣܿܳˡ
ߺϵʼۣ̣֮
˵һֶǸ֣ϵĺ͵رһ̴͵س֡
Ǹִȥǣ͵̾ԽԽʱŭ֮Ȼˡ
ţ޷ԼϮ
ߺо֮ɫ˫Ŷأ̷ǱӰ
ߺĺιһƷô˺ιأֱһӰȻس
ɶ񣡡ߺһ˿ŭɫһ٣ٶƻ£˭
عͷһֻһƷϵǸ仯ƬѾһƬƬȫչˡ
ʺĻһϿһ㣬ΪˣŻôĳġ
ߣȻЩͣߺ˫һУи̾ˣսԽԽѴˡ
ɵӶ֪ӵı仯ǿ
ߺҲӣһĶͷ֮ϣһֻ۳档
ѾԼȫˣȻξĲˡ
ոŮսʱ򣬸ߺûҽΪŮ̫ǿˣ̫ĻԼĲһ֮С
ţۣȻʵһƷһЦ˵
ߺҲǵһЦ㲻Ҳǣ֪ıӾȻֹãҾͲٳֱֹˣ
˼ǹ룿һƷĵһЦȻ֣еıӼٵĽ
ߺһֲõǸߺרĵ
ߺϺȻͷųǿĺ⣬Ƭض˲˱Ⱥٱ
һжȫ˱񣬰޺ۣǸ޳¼ԣš
ߺ˫Ҳޱȵĺ䣬ͷϵ֮УһƬѩ֮У͸еĶ
ʲô壬Сôģԣԣİ壬ǰ벽塣ߺڽԼʵȫ
ܵһеһƷһû뵽ߺȻӵа塣
Ȼǰ벽壬ǰǿ󣬱˲Ϊߣײˡ
Ϊ۹Ҳֻ๫Ǹ֪ĵڣ
ھ࣬Ҳֻǰ벽ĵزûȫ
һƷ˵ûپˣΪļȫˡ
һƷɫ֪࣬һǳӲˡ
Ȼߺ֪жǿȷԼǲһƷ˵Ķ֡
ǣһƷԼ
Լڸûս壬˵һߣתӡ
Ǻߣս˵ǰ
ոͻƳûм죬˵ûлָȫء
ڶԷǰ벽ߣΣˡ
еıӣһƷþԼȫߺӶ
Σû˺ƿռ䣬ΪռΪߺİ벽ӹ˺ֹٱ
Ҫƿռ䣬Ҫһʱˡ
ߺ񲻶ָһ㣬һɺ˲һƷ˵Աߣ̶֮סˡ
һƷ˱ϾǳߣֻһӾͰѽӲ壬еıһŸߺɨȥ
ߺ˫ֽ棬Ȼһӣƣ
һƷӳıӰȻˣȻ󱻸ߺһȭ˺ü顣


380 ɱ֮
󣬸ߺѸٵһƷ˷һ߷ɣһ߶һƷ˻һ֣һǿĺӸߺϱ
ǻӶֵ˲䣬һƷڵıϣ̳ı̡
ڸߺͷųİ벽壬ڵⷽر˱ѩأƬ綼Ǳ硣
أգ˵ȵһУ涼һ㺮ȫ˱
еİƣȫ˺ƣúɵƬ綼һƬѩ硣

ɳı̣жʮɵĴϸ۴αȣء
һƷ˾ýһ𣬾;ЩԾѸٵķȥǱٶ̫ˡ
ٷУͱǱ̴͸ˡ
ߺ˫һ죡
ţߺϵĺѾ¡
еĺƾȻϵĿʼһطƶȻһɹ۳һ졣
ߺ˫һɱ
Ǹߺ˰벽֮󣬵һ
֮УȻ̣ıһĳȣģҲһģһһֻɵٶʮֵĿ졣
ͺǵµЩֱӾһ㣬ϵǱѸٵ潫ȥ·һֻҰ޵ľ죬Ҫʳһ㡣
ʩչ֮󣬸ߺĶͷ亹ðˡ
¶̫ˣոð˱飬ȥ
һпǸߺȫһ˵ߺ̬һУǸߺ֮Ǿ֮صӣʩչġ
ʹһƷҲ޷ѸٵĽǳɵĿſű̻ٵķӦҲǿ죬û£תݶȥ
ߺȻ뵽ˣûеӦȫʼӿܱһеĺʼۡ
ڳڵλϣǽȻǱǽʮ࣬ƾһƷ˵ûа취һ¾ʹơ
ʹܹƣԸߺǲԣҲ᲻ϵٴɡ
˵һƷûʱһֱǽˣΪıͲԼЩʱ䡣
˵Щ̣ͬӵв⣬ʹ֮飬ҲٴµĿɡ
±ЩľûٴλѾȫˡ
ιˣȻûбҲˣ֮УΨιԵñ˾ܶࡣ
ߺ֪һΪϻŻȪ飬Լĺûж̫˺
ѾȷолȪ飬ΪոԼʩչʱ򣬾ʹϸоһǿĺԼĺӦ
·ʮԼߣǸоȴǺֱ֣ڣȻѾȫʧˡ
СңʱһŭԶڤ֮дǲ͵ֵѪ֮УһӰԶѸٵ⡣
ٶ֮죬զ࣬һɲǾ˸ߺǰ
ǿɱ⣬жѪɫһƬѪƣеѪѪ꣬ߺʼ
ǸߺվŵˣʼɪɪɫףѪ֮У·ֲĳ
ߺͬҲѪܵˣԼʬٴϵⱻƬƬ¡
Լߺһ飬вѣʼ¡
Ȼߺһ飬ӦΪ֮УСԺ֮к
ˣѰǶԷɱ֮ĻǧҪԻˣ
ߺһ飬ӻ֮˹ߡ
֪Լ󣬵׹˶೤ʱ䣬ڶԷһ˳ǹһµĴǱ졣
ǽȥڰУǹⶥű̵ļ⣬һתǹתһƬɫת֮γɡ
ǣûգ𲢲ôǿ󣬸ߺÿӶһ³ǹߺıһΣʱߺıѾ֪ٴˡ
Ǳ֮󣬰ɫĲԽԽãѾ޹ˡ
ҪҪʱ䣬ͳʱ򣬽ԼӴ˳
û°ɣеʵ
ߺû뵽˿ȥʮֵ棬ԼӾȻôãôġ
ԭǸŮӽ֪ʲôأߺ뵽
ûʱôˣϱˣ嶼úţɫ԰ףѪɫ
˶Ǳŵģվûˡ
û£û뵽СӾȻôҶ֣֮˵Ӿ֪
Ȼûʲôˣȵģ¾ڸߺ֮ˡ
ʽǺǣû뵽صôҶƭˣģ벽壬ߣ·ھġ
Ҫĵ֮Уߺһ㶣Լٴɱ֮Ļ֮С
˫֮кȻ⣬þһ˿⣬嶼ɢҪѪס
ǣû뵽Ѫȴζⲻס
Ѫ֮УڣǸߺĸоѪĴڡ
ϣʵĸоо̾
ˣ㲻ҪԼĸоƭˣǿֱӹĻ꺣ˣɵӰ죬㲻Ҫȥ룬һ
СűϾޣпܲҪǣСŵǿǻ
ȻʵУǣϾǿȣᱻǻҲ֪βӦ
Ҳİ壬ǿޱȣʹ֮ǧߺС˵ĻæһһҲѪĴڣ̾Ϣ
Ȼǰ벽壬İǰ벽ԵôĲ԰һ
ҪСССһɣΪһɵı⣬ȴر
ô֪ģߺʵ
ոңԶڤѲڸҲڸԼ
ӦòᣬڸԼվ
Щ㲻ֻ֪Ҫ֪ߣϺȻһ˿ɫ
ߺһѾõĲˣҰ벽Ҳ͸֧ͷţôһ۷߶вҪ˵ǿĳˡ
һո̤߾ԼþеԸһ֣Ĳ֪Լôӵ
ѲɣҪȪ֮óߺ˼͵岻ʱһ˸ߺĶ䡣
ͬھ˵꣬ÿһô˵ϣصռ䡣
ߺԼһƽ̲ס۾ζ֮С
ѲԼֱˣҲգʹȥ֮Уߺвɵ뵽
һԣȥǡǰ


381 
ߺǿҪʹ˯ȥ뷨ǿԼ˫ۣǰʹ֮ɫڼ
֮ˣԭ֮У˫ۣ·õʱ̡
ߺһЩվԭأ˯һ˫ۣһ˫ۣͺҹû˯ƽˡ
ȵġǰǴвŮڶ೤֮УģҲֻа㻹Ҫԭش೤ʱų
ɫԽԽ䣬Ա˵
治ΪѪǹߣȻôͱҵݣڽʧޣߺƵģվԭأҲ
⼸ˣûôõˣվԭأ֮Уÿ˵ϣŻĵ΢Ц
ߺҡҡԴˡ
˺ͻȻڿеģһɫΣϽһĴ硣
ϴº͵΢ЦЦݿ䣬ʹǸߺҲ鲻Խ϶ͣһʱ䡣
еʮֵͨͨͨ٣ߺʵ󲻳ոʹ˻УȻٵġ
ѲɣѾԼٻˣߺ̲ס뷨
˵ĿޣûеΣ沿ıԽԽˣǴӵ֮гĶһ㡣
ֿʼѪƣӽٵѪ꣬
ߺæһɲٴαǴεجβˣڱƣĻ˲ɡ
ЩˣһƷˣ׷׶ǻĸо֮˹ǱѪ꾪ѹġ
ǵˣ˿ûôĹڰɣοҪΪأѲɣҪ̻СӣָŸߺŰ˵
ɱ֣һͣϾҪˡ
ߺԽԽľ۹Ҳһ֮ˣ˿İ۹ڵš
ܺͻΨһԲţ˵ҲţֻǶűˡ
ʹȵ۹൱˵۹ˡ
֮൱û˭Ӯ˭䣬֮䣬սﲻû˭Ӯ˭䣬սֹ
ûʲô飬ǾÿȥֻҪ۹˳۵ģǳȶȥ˿Լе٣Ц˵
Էĳƺߺм⣬ؾҲһʱˣ֪˳Ҳоġ
ܵ˵Ϊ׶Σһ׶ΣǴӳһصأΪߡ
һˣ඼壬ǿİ壬սĻˣ
ڶ磬ˣߵʵر𣬲ͬն
׶ΣҲһ׶Σʦ׶Σߺûа취󣬵ǣ˵ĺϽڣǳʦ
з쵹˵ȫսĻпܽѩͼҲΪ档
ԣǱֹȥͼģͻƵĻпܽƬ綼ٵ

ѪǹߣȻһ˼ô˵Լʵһġ
ңпǳ۷ʵԷ൱ȻĻҲô侲ˡ
ߺнϣǵ˰ܹԼٺòˡ
֮£ߺҲûȪۣ֮ÿһûȪۣ֮ĺ̶ȶɱļӾ硣
ոҲǱƲˣǳΪ佩ûмֵĲߺԸѡߣ׻˵أǲ
ǾҪûʵˣϺȻչֳһ˿̵Ц⣬ĿŰϵɱͷų
˵ǲȥ̫һսڤ̫֮ˣǣã
ԸСһʵǱѰĻҵǻ˺ɱˣ˵ţĿתߺϡ
ߺ֮һ£û뵽ûԼԼԵǺأ˼ôǡ
װɣҸո˵ˣɱҪɱδأ˻֣ʾס
˫һУΣܾܲŹɣδԵ̫ˣңǵҲʮֵĵģ
ǰ룬ȻһԼİƣΣҽڤ֮УգδܳңҲûʲôϸ𣬾ţһܹɱ
ԭߺڸˣԼӹ٣û뵽һħ˳֮£һűġ
룬εĵͷͬˡ
Ҳûа취飬ԷԼжԵô˵ǰɱߺɶͬ⡣
ϾԼ˵ȥĻԼջδԵöԷԼһδ档
οڤգԼҲ֪ߺ棬һһĿǰҲõİ취ˡ
ͬ⣬ָԶߺûзӦ͸оԼ屻һǿţڤ֮ȥ
ļЩпû뵽һţֵ֮䣬ûһ˿صء
Ǻ߸ϵߣŪš
ߺҲһ裬û뵽ԼǵУһ仰ֵ
аģһҪгɣ˵ȫŪãܣ
лһ˿ңȻڤ֮ΣأԼϾ˵ѾǺϢˡ
飬֪ᰴʲôչ֪ιһˡ
ڷڤİУߺԿģˣһ˲ʧӰ١
ߺ֪һ̫֮ˡ
ڲô࣬ǽŵĿԼѪɽһѪɽԼҲƵ浹˶ȥ
棬ǿ쵽棬ɽ״ˣֻһƬѪɫԼ¿ٵĵɳȥ
ʮ֮󣬸ߺٶĽˡ
һƬŨߺͷֲ嶫ϱҲ֪Լ˵жԶ
ǣߺԼԭĵطһǺܽ
ǵԼԼɣǷٶԶԶԼķٶȶҪʮ֮ϡ
ߺ֮еڸսѾʣ޼ʩչ벽壬͸֧֮۶ʩչˡ
ûа취ֱ淽򣬼ʹа취ֱ淽򣬸ߺԼҲ߲ȥڤ֮УһһΣ֮ɭ֮лҪ£ô߳ȥ

һͬըһ𣬸ߺ䵽˵ϡ
ֻڤ֮еѪҾȻ쳣ļӲߺȥûѪκεӰ졣
ǸߺԶԶıǿҲʹѣ߳һ˿Ѫ
󣬸ߺȥ䵽һڡһ޴񳲣ߺи̾Ŀǰ˵ûʲôΣˡ


382 С󾪳
ߺûϾڶ˵ҪľǻָԼڸߺ͸֧ˡ
ˣΣ˵ڵĸߺһߵʱ̡
ô޴ĳѨ֪Ķʲôʱߺ뷨һһƿͳС
ߺ콫ƿеĻԼĿУϾҪָЩѶȣҪһЩʱա
ҪľǽԼָϵƣ˷ãڻָʱ򣬾˳㽫ɵ˺ָˡ
к֪ܶԺܶ߼ߣҲȴôĸߣ׶ξͷˡ
ߺͬȻ塣
ڲΪѾⲿΪ޼˻ָҲǱȽһҪࡣ

ΪԽߣָҲ͸ӵѣڸߺΪѾǺˣȻûﵽ۷塣
ߺ֮еٵתܽеߺ̫ܵϡˡ
һСʱ֮󣬸ߺǧ֮һûлָߺε۾һܵ
֣֮еʮֵϡ٣֮дһ壬ʲô壬ߺҲ
壬ߺûа취յ¡
ߺ΢΢һֻܹ̾ʯ֮еָԼˣҲȽŨ
춼֮еԸһЩ
˵ʯǲĵĿвĶŨ̶ȣԼǲŨȵһ롣
Щߺǲô⣬ϾԼûеǸȥĵĽ׶أҪľڽԼٻָ۷塣
Σ֮أһСľͻɥĵطҪԼָ۷塣
ԼСʱ󣬸ߺΪָֻһɣǲ˵ˣڽָһ˿
ߺѾõ˽ǧʯʱһӰ
ߺľһֱڽĽ׶Σһи紵ݶߺ̾ʹӻָ֮˹̧ͷ濴ȥ
ʲôôᡭߺԴӵ֮󣬵һ˫ۡ
ڣһֱԼʮ׵ĳѨⳲѨұģӣӦһ񳲡
棬һֻſ˫ʮףѪɫģͷ­һͷϸ
ѪɫëŽâʮֵ
ʲôޣߺдΪޣûпҲûڱĵطܡ
Ҳ֪ԷʲôֻʱƺΪˡ
˫һȣ˫²񱩵ķ磬ߺ
ֻһ˲䣬˸ߺǰߺ廹ЩյĶǻһ˿ûж
һ˿羢Ӹߺղ߻Ѫ˲մ͸˳
ѾԴﵽ۷Ľ׶ˣ˫ȳĿ磬Լһ˿˺
ǶԷޣߺһٿԿ϶Լˡ
кСţֵǣԴԼ뵽Ƭ֮УСžû˵κλȻߺܹĸоĴڡ
Է˳˯һ㣬ԼôκεҲûˡ
ߺʮֵΣֻ޵ԼοˣѲǸճǿڣֽѨעһ

еֻ޿ûϾƸߺ뷨˵Ҳ׸ߺ뷨
أ治ȥһûԵʳû뵽ʳѾ͵ˡ
ߺı֮ͫУһ˿ֲѾҺ
һΣǸӦòᱻˣȻ󱻳°ɣȫʬ
ѵû뵽Ǳɱ㣬ȫʬӵ
Ȼߺû뵽մմϲ
ͷ޵ĲȻڿĴ˫ᣬͷ­ߺǵһȻԶ
ߺһǿֲͷԼԽԽ󣬸ߺѾкȳϢ
Ҹߺѵһߺ۾Ѿˡ
ͷҲſֻͣ¶Ȼɫģºо綾ֻҪһڣߺͻһغ
Σʱ̣ߺĻУһȻڴ
ߺһϲС󣬿ҰС
Ǹߺĺģߵʱ򣬽ܶԹ̶סСĺֽţߺ֮߳ŷ֡
СıȻһҲȽء
⺮Ĵڣߺÿζֱ֣ۻӶӿŸߺֱ۶ں档
ټϸߺ屾úģܹٵɱߺҲûа취
СޣͲڽָ֮УɴཫЩͳɱ
ԽԼ幦
֮еĶߺԥĽ֮ϵĺգǸߺ۶ɵģߺҪգֻһͷ飬ͻɺ뵽ߺڡ
𡭡һףСǹ֮д˳
һͿǳªͷŭͷ­ͷ­ȻСԼʮס
ͷ֪϶ٱ
СſԼѪڣһھͽͷҧסȻҵĻζԾء
СҲǽˣһĺ۷ޣļ˺ҧ֮£㻯Ρ
Сûͷĳªһڽ֮ȥˡ
СӲҪô̰ԺòãСĻԻӣʱֶӣߺһ
ϾͷݶӣСȴûй˼ɣûͷӣȥСź񱻶˺ܶ꣬Ҳ˼ǲʳˡ
ſѪڣһھͽ޵ӲҧڿУȻľ׽˼£ȥ
ߺ亹ֱðͲ±滹йͷɣ
Сʵȴߺ࿴û뵽СѾɳֽ׶ˣͷ­ʮ׵ĴС
ȵȣ
ߺһ£ͷ­ʮףСͷ­žԼʮף
ߺæ濴ߺͷϲ˺ߣԭСֻǽԼԴˣ°ǻͬһССβͻֱصҡΡ
꣬ҡߺ˲ˣҲ̫ˡ
ֻԵһɶ֮Сδ˿ߺ
ߺһ£ô㲻ỹҪҰɣ
Ƚϸ˵ǣҿСû˼弱ССıĸ߶ȡ
ȻҡβͣԽߺԱߣڸߺϲϵ¡
ߺַСϣϸĸһ£ȵķ֣СȻҲﵽ˶۷塣
ߺ磬ڸߺҲֻǺؾ磬˼𾳽ѾǺ۷ˡ
ôܣҲôɣȻӲĽΪֽ׶ΣߺãСϵ̫࣬һʱ֮ԼǸ㲻ˡ


383 ڤ
ߺԼʵСԱһ£о¾ȫʢʱڵԼҲֻܺСʵ޼
ߺİ벽ҲУΪֹߺСɱͷԵ¡
ʹߺа벽壬СУҲú޶հɡ
СԱߣҪָԼˣ˵ţߺͱ˫ۣǣոձ۾ͱСŽˡ
ߺ͵۾С󣺡ҪʲôѲɲһָˣ
ǷŭĺУСмĿһۣһȻڸߺ
鷳ȸһºòã㼴ʹǻָԼ꣬طҲûʲô̫ã
ߺһ㶣˭˭ӹ
ǸڸߺҾǰվأ㿴ҽҪףҲһ֣Ȼû취ֱ˵ܹк㽻
ߺ͵ǰ濴ȥǰʲôûУֻСǣԸߺǾȵıԵʮֵĲм
Ѳɣ㣿ߺָСʵ
ΣѵĲŷ֣ԭΪԼжôĴԭôǸڸߺ
ߺһ˷ܣԭĸҽˣȷһֱʵޣʦ˵û˭ҵģ

һѪɫɽ֮УһƬѪɫУߺǰ棬С
ԭԴСϹȥ֮ʵٵҲڿʵ˳˯
ʵ׵һĽ׶ΣС󱻷ӡĴҲһ֣ڵǰ׶οʵĴС
Сһֱ˯طһֱڣΪȻĿֽ׶Ρ
ǶԻҲȷС͸ߺ˵ģĴУôཻķԼ
Ȼ󣬽ԼݸԷһط
С˵ʮֵ⣬ʵ⵽ѹƣҲᱻȫѹơ
ԣСŵĲȫţΪѾܲסѹƣ˯˹ȥ꺣ܵ˺
棬ҪľΪĻָͺˡ
ʮֵΣգСожǿĴڣԽһ飬Сеļ¡
⵹ߺиӳ˼֣˵ûдڤ֮УкܶΣ
Ҫ֪ʱСֻǸոնףԶ׶ڵϹޡԣûиеκεĺ־塣
ǣСȴеļ£Ǿ֤Ѿ㹻вˣɱҲȫ޿ܵġ
ȡС֮󣬸ߺʣ޼Լƻָã֮ȥ
ȻÿΣǿˣǸߺûŰֵزÿζΣ֮ߣǲ¸ңɵ
ȥ㲻ҵתˣȫĵطȥ
ߵķ򣬸ߺ֪ǲ۹ǼʹǸߺҲẦ£Ͳţټһ۹ʹ֮еļϼһȫѰԼ
Ǽϼһߺȷɱνء
ǿűʱˣιʵǱܳ谮ӳʱ򣬾Ȼķˣһ·֪ˡ
Դ֮󣬻ǲϼһߣ
ߺСѾ˼ˣ⼸֮Уߺ˺ֵܶޣǶǶ۷ޡ
θߺҲһΣǵǳǿ󣬸ߺܹսʤһΣСæߺɥ޿ˡ
޻ڤ֮еˣߺ߱и̾
СںıģߺĽѣСԴӳΪԼĶҪ죬治֪ʲôġ
֨֨֨
һڸߺĶ𣬸ߺɫһ䣺󣡡
ո˵ֻ꣬һðߺ湥ȥ
ߺһһͳУ漴һеĵݺݵŻȥ
ﬡ
һȦɢߺ˺üſͦסĻҲźɫľȥ

ѪŻȼˣȻҵȼ
ߺһΣΪҲҲǱȽѲһˣȻǲĿģĲݡ
ǿѪһŻҲͣסˣԭأ֨֨иͣ
ֻһֻֻͨβҲһ׳Щʮ׵ҪСˡ
˫ǻɫģȫ¶մȾһ˿⣬۵ľβ͵λã֣쳣Ĵۡ
˭СһﳤС;ú۸ǾɵˣСһŵ֮У֮£³ԼûĶ֡
֨֨֨
󲻶ϵĽţȻСʹʯһߺڿвϵתγһŻ⡣
ߺҳɣеһն
ͷ˫۳죬еĵϵĶܵĿżٵĲ
ߺֵѸٵĳڻǰеĵҲٵȥ
ﬡһ졣
ٴεɳȥߺһжȥ˴󲿷ֵȻ͵ʹٴȥ
Żڿеɣûа취еĵһƬӰһĻϣ޷أһֱߺȥ
ڸߺٴֻ֮ϼӲƤëѿһѪ졣
ߺ۾һն
ٴʩչһն˳Ѫ˹ȥ
䡭
ݺݵײںѪɫʯϣȻˤȥ֮ѾߺնˣһŽȻĲˡ
ߺǰȥС档
ͨ⼸ߣߺ֪ˣ޺֣˵ޣڲûһ˿ֻ쳣ǿ
˵ޣȴûôɱһǡ
Ҳû޵Ҳûг͡
ֻɱ֮󣬸ߺǰУ˼Ȼͣסˡ
Ϊ治ϵĴߺо
ѲɣбĶߺаȡ
ԭͣһȻԶִܳһӰͬһĹӡ
ֻǹӺһЩԼа׵ĴϸȴԼʮס
ߺһȣҲǶ׶ǻУѲֻ
ߺ߾еǣûймֻ˳
Ҳ٣ʲôߺ֪ô׵ޣƾԼС󣬿ѾǵĶˡ
ߺа뵽ǻɱӵһ
˼ţС˹ˣе㲻Ծ
ôˣߺոʳڣҲ̸оԾˡ
ǼûߺһۣҲûпԷ׷ٴ굽£Զȥ


384 
ʲô٣һȺˣߺɵɵվԭأףЩΪʲôҪܡ
ȫϳһУһŹ֡
ǣǲûһѣˣڶԼȴԼˡ

ڸߺֵʱ򣬴ؿʼ𶯣ߺһѲɺȻˣ
ûиߺĻᣬ޴Ѿϵˡ
ߺŵĻ겻壺Ҳ٣ģ
󣬸ߺûô뷨ˣΪҪϿܰ治һֻȻǺܶȻ
ߺ룺ɱֻ𣿴޴
С󣬱ߺԸһСŭһͷߴʮ׵ȻԭأǱǰ񿥶ˡ
Ҫ𣿡Сڸߺ
ߺż㣬СϣݺݵһԴƨɵȻˣԽԽõ֣
СһΣˣҲǵùˣߺ˵ûͶǺ׶ΣͲԼֿܹġ
ǣߺҲһܵ޴һֱǰܣԶǸߺ޴һܡ
ʵ˭Ǹߺء
СϣߺİԼҰⶼһʲô˰ԣʲôޡ
֪׷ʲôɽҰ޶
ǲ֪ĻΪ﷢޳أﱾۼĵطҲ޵ļҰɣƨ޳
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ߺоû׷ˣЩ޺ͣˣȥ
ߺһȣžһϲѲɣԼ©ǱԼİˡ
͵ߺʱǰСȴͻȻһɲͣǡ
ͻȻͣ£ߺʱվСأСͣˣߺȴΪԣǰȥ䡣
ˡ
ߺоԼ䵽һڣطëףϸţëʻֻôе㳱أ
Ȼ䣬ߺоһ㲻Ծطë׵ĶֶҲް
һȥһС
ȫסˣΪǰһѪġӡ
ûӣֻ䣬̶̵βͣͫ׶ѪɫģصǣϵëȻҲǺɫģͲıԺܲˡ
ô£ӣߺסˣΪû״ء
ֻӴԼһߣѪղŸߺ䵽ֻӵϡ
Сӣû°ɣߺֻӾȻϢֻ˿ºܿͻһغ
СǾĿֻӣԭһδ
ߺֻӣԽԽÿɰ֪澡һЩǿĴڣֻӿɰпܿһǿޡ
ǣøߺ֮ɱˣߺʵ
ΪѣʱСȻڸߺ𣺡ˣֻޣ
⣬ߺһ˫ɱ֣ޣ
ߺȻʣǶһֻ޷ʣƽһΪˣԼ֪ͨСŵĿǵף޶Զԡ
޳⣬һЩֻ֪ɱ¾Ĺûǻۣ˵ˡ
ϳݣֻ˫֮ɱ֣ţ֧Լ壬Ÿߺ˹ȥ
ߺֻǰһֻӾͳԼǰ漴ֻӺǣ˿ڣ͵䵽ϡ
ȻˣߺɱĿ˵ˣϵ˿ɼǣҲ˳ȥ
ײ֮ͣˡ
ڤ֮ڵĿռʮֵļ̣Ҳ쳣ļӲ
Ҫ棬ߺʹһƬ֣ҲҪͣ¡
ۡ
һ£ߺڲͱˣ˫۾ֵĿǰֻӣû뵽ƽ˼ҳܲ˵ļҳ裬ڤ֮оȻǿ
ոȺҲǿֻ֮󣬲ŻᾪֵȥԼ©ˣ
ȿȡСҪҪ߰ߺʵ
ǣСûߺվһֱУǸҲ֨֨š
˴಻ߺˣȻˡ
һСڸߺĶ𣺡˵ڱԼĺӣһȺʵǿߣҪ޵
ߺͣһᣬڴˣһȺߣǽֻӶסȻ֮ˡ
ҿˣȺҲڵĶѰңΪߺҲȺеһԲŻṥġ
ЩߵĿ޵Բû׷ɱԼֻǽԼһˣȿֺȥˡ
Ϊʲô˵أΪֻſ֮Ҳֻв׵ĸ߶ȣЩֲѩһˣôŽȥأ
Ϊľµö޵ߺ˵ͷȷޣӶֻ̥޲Ż޵
ôߺʵѾȷˣֻ޾˵ģֻ޵ޡ
ιǸɶİһУʵѾҪôˡ
ֻҪһСΪոոߺС֮е㲻ͬʮֵ˸Ƶġ
Ҳ뵽ԼɣԴӳ֮󣬾ûԼĸףֻӵ飬ĸдడ
С˼һ£ˣҪȻ֪㲻ûг͵ֻ˵Ը⽫ղصı
ߺѾֿˣܹˣԼ͹˵ˣټпܴεнȪȡǾĺϢ
ڣֻֽԼҪбԼֶΪأ
á
ߺɽˣ漴һӵԱߣַϣ⼸ָһЩʼԷ֮͡
һߣһһƿҩУָ֮Уõҩרġ
ȻЧһЩǲɶõĶ
Ĵָõһƿˣȥɱһ۷ߣӶԷġ
ҿҲһŸӴˣȻĻߺûôǮЩ
ԼСʱȥˣֻ漣վȻһ壬ûʲôˡ
ƤëϵƣڲѾȶˡ
ͨС죬ߺ֪Щ˴󲿷ֶĳߣֻΪ̫ˣԼʹѹΪȻг硣
ԭֻӵʵԵκˣֻȥʱ·߱˵ˣʮһΧŻ³
ߺа̾˫ѵȭοצʮȭأ
漴ߺһС䵱룬һޣⶨһƻߺԸЩСඣԸЩ֡
Ѩǽѩ֮УټǼƲ񣬵Ҳģ̮ǡ


385 
ΪΪʳߺΪ˱𣬻ǻȪ벻֪ıȻʹߺ޺ˡ
ֻӶȻڸոǸ棬ߺһǲǴнȥİɣ
֨֨С֮󣬵˵ͷڸߺ𣺡ߣõģĶǰ棡
ߺ˿ոЩܵķ¶һ˿΢Цǣ߰ɣ
˵ţʹͷǰֻӾȻһĴţûиߺ˼
ţߺһѲɣʲôԣڷˣ
ҡҡͷǶԳصҡΣߺ۶ˡ
СŵӸߺ𣺡ǽȥĶڶͬģ㲻شµܵȥʱҲǽĸڶԷĺ棡
ߺи̾ǽ߰治ΪӣӲƽӱɣ
û˵ߵոſŵĵطӲƿһ׵Ķߣֱֱ¡
ȥСҲҲȥ
ߺߵǰ棬ȥˣоԼһڶڣֲָ弱ٵȥ
Լʮ֮󣬸ߺڰȫأǰ棬һ׵Ķߣ¿˸ߺ
ӾͲ˵ˣǶڱڵģԣһתȥСž͸˵ˣڵӱӻСأԣҡڵ˽ȥ
ߺΪˣǶǰ˵㲻ǶҰɣôܣ
Сŵ𣺡˲Ҫˣ֮󣬿տھͻ
ߺΣֻӣ꿪Ӷ
Ҳˣ깷ӶЩ˺öˡ
ڶһףȻǰĿôʱڶߣҲӦ˺ڰټϸߺͲ
ԣĶҲģģĿĲˡ
֮ǶȻ׵ֱߺ˿ǲһһߣЩ벻ףһӣҪôĶиƨð
ҲΣҿˡ
ҪȻĻϵ֮ôܣſŴ򲻳ɣ
ߵĹ֮Уߺϵķ¶ʵСģкܶ۵ķ֧һԹ
ߺţûӵ·Լǵ·ɡ
ȻĻԼСھͲͬˣģ϶ܹҳȷĳ·
ޣ޵ĸӦʧȥ֮󣬻ǲģ޵ֱ
ȷ֮һȥС˵Ǹط䵥ģӦԼ޵õɡ
ҲøӻᣬߺСĸӵĺ棬ϾԷһߣһΣô죿
һߺǰ淢ǰ˺Ҳ˸ߺˡ
Ҹоǰ޵ϢѲ滹б޲ɣһӴˣߺ
ǱĶѨ֮ϣһŵĻⲼˣߺ⣬һİǻƤë
ϵĻȻϵ۳ɵģɱ֮治ٵɢȥȼһڣҲʲô¡
ЩǽƤëɻѣɱǿɱЩµ޿־壬
ո˵ӵҲ󣬻ļ߸ߵ¡𣬿һء
ߵĻǾе鷳ˣϾڤ棬߻ղѹƣҲǻָٶ˵㡣
⣬ʶΣ˳Ǻ۷ߣ֮
ΪҲߣڤ֮ΪҲûܵʲôѹƣֻ޵ǿ˳˼ʶ
Χ˵һЩһЩڵޣеֲʲôˡ
ǣڲÿһޣǵвĴڣǻǵʦ壬ΣˣӴҲʶڤĿֲǿѨ硣
ţȻǵıһ˹վվվס٣
һͷˮٵĻԭǴһ޶Ѩ֮УȻҲ˵ٵЩˡ
οȻ˸ҶԳ˵ֱ֣ǶԳߵһֳ衣
Сӣո˵ʲôѲڳԺڲɣǸȻתԴȥ
ֻһˣźɫҹзϴɫ֣߹
۹ĻһϳһָѪװ硣
ߣʲôڳԺڣҷ֮ȡȵĹͷʵǾͿ֪ͨ۹ˣװһָѪǸߺ
װ磬۹֮еǺİֵĵţǴδΪΣУˣôûǻʲôˣ
˺µĲǸߺ֮УĪɱ˷ĺܣ֮иֿвٵġ
ǣڰԼôһԼܲˡ
ߺҲһʲôѵû޺۵ݲû֪ǡ޺۽װжˡ
ǵĴڣǱµĴҵȻǽҲ¸ǣž۹Ļɵģߺ˵
֮ǰ۹һˮ۹ܵС
ڱˣߺѡˣֻҪ˾ˣҪɱǲܵġ
Ҳ˵Ǹǿߵȷǰֻ֮ܽˣ֮ܽɱ
ֻҪ֮ˣȻ˳ˣʱ򣬽Ϣݳȥ۹һָѪˣֱ޶֤
ˣ붯ְɣߺ˺浭İһݡ
һæͷǱʲô˶ûУʶԼϵʱһֻצѾ֮ˡ
˸ǸߺĶˣߺ˹ָ㽫˻ˡ
Ķһһ㣬˳ȥײѪ֮ϣ߳һ˿Ѫ
ѪҲȻӵȫһȻûнɱֻǽ˴ˡ
ߺָʩչʣ۷ȫڷ
һУߺ˵һ
Զܳ˼ڣ֧оǸǿ߲ڸˣŰݡ
ߺ˸ո߿ݵѪҾͲϵŤ󣬻һѿǸ˴˳˿Աʦֶɱ⡣
ŭ۹Һûꡭ
۹˻֪ΪߺԼѾһǺޣ϶۹ۣĶȫ
һжϵһ޵ϣ˵ҵö޵һжܻ⣬ҲĻǿɾ˵ˡ
۹ĴսҲ˵
˲֪ΪԼȥѾˣٱԷϣǴΣˡ


386 
ߺֻ޴ţ˵߳һȥﻹ߽Ķ顣
Ȼ˵ȽѰ죬һҲ˽飬ͬð죬Ǹ˵Ȼ˽顣
ô˵ǲˣûʲôĳߣߺĲˡ
ȷǣ۹֮еߣڸߺķΧ֮ڡ
ǸʵͲߺν֮ǵõ˼ѹƣ˳֮£ߺһ˾ȫԽ֮
ȻΣգǸߺûзεĻᣬڰǸߺŲӵʵǸʵ̫ǿˡ
˼ĳߣ߼ֱˡ
Ȼ˵ǵ˳Բѷ޺˵һԴ󣬾ԲЭʹ࣬ûЭء
ǣ죬ȴ԰Эˣֻ˾ͿԿ԰ҲмɵȻĻԲŹԼġ
һǣǳȵˣɵĵӶͨɣɶԵУרŹ˵ꡣ
һ㣬ȱٵģҲǸߺȽϵǵĵط
˵ǿǣ꣬ȻߺûʣԶ׼ǴζսͿԿ
ܹѣƶӰ칦ûûоĻǴܲգ˵
ߺһǿܣ붼Ҫ롣
ҺãϵĲǰߣȻ֪ʵΣǸߺǾһԡ
δӦӣֻǽ޵ȥ𴿴Լľ
ΣûкͰһԼͶ֣һĻôԼľߡ
Ͼ뷨ǾԲһȥ޵ģ̫Կˡ
ĸߺĵƶȥԼǰв·ĵطֳȻŻɱˡ
ɱǸںܵģһ·ϣߺȷһڲͬ
һβһڶһ·˲û˵ʲô׽ĻʱʱĻĿŶԷԿ϶߿϶ͬһġ
ȷ֮󣬸ߺͿʼˡ
ʲôжѲѾ˽޵ҵˣִԣ޵ֻҵģһӶ˵ͬһֻ֮Ѹٴԭʧ
ǸŮ˵ٶ΢һЩ
ߺ֮󣬾ͿٵĴ·Աȥɲɵɵɵĵų
ʹɱҲԲùġ
ѸٵǰɱʱںڰӣͺȻ˹źǸŮ˷ɱȥ
Ů˺滹ɵأԲ
ǣӶ֪֮ԣȴҲΪʱǿı˲ˡ
ҲǺˣԼ˲˵ԷĿ껹޵μֱسӡ
޵Աϵ˿ڣһ鳹׵ļˣ־顣
ڤûʲô쳣ĴСԥĽ֮ȥߺһĿɿڴ
ãԭСҲ꣬ζӣߺ̲סŻ
˵ģͺͳһСûʲô
ǰǸȻоǸŮ߱ûл꣬ȻߺϣȻУȴһ·ġ
ǸܵոոߺŪĵطŮѾֻʣˣʶϵҲΪʱ
߹Ǵ鲻ԾȻתˣļҲˡ
Ȼ͵ϮܹһߣʵΪܻǰΪֻ֮Ϊǿ
ǣȴûҲֻǻɰˡ
ļǳ߿ɵùˣߺһָѪɱһɾ꣬Ǳˡ
СƺֻԳߵȤߺҲǵһοߵ꣬ǳǿ
궼ʵһˣɫǰ׵ģ˫ûг֣ĺ˸һ޶ߺ²⣬һǿ
ֲԼĶˣĻߣֻͿȫĽԼɱ
ԼаңǸֻǸոͻƳ磬ȻĻԼˡ

սȻɹˣǲڸߺĿ֮ڣҪĿֻΡ
УΪҪġ
ߺӻСһȫĶѨϢϾӸոõȫ۷
ѾĴˣûսˡ
øߺ֮ǰ˵ģϣЩ߾ԲֵǾ仰ǲˡ
û뵽Լһƭˣʲôɾ֮󣬶ƭ˰
ޣѾ˼룬ҲףϷʲôģֻ϶ߵãһð˹ġ
ȻǰֻӱҪʣûֻһ׳ģǲãӾ
ԼϢһ֮ӵָĲˣߺֿʼжˡ
жʼֻ޸ӦȻõһϢǾȻֿˡ
Ըߺ˵òһϢǻʧ
һԷǳٶȣԱ߸ߺӶݶһԸٶȣԼ׷Ǹߡ
ıƱƱ˼ҵˣߺʵڲף֮⣬ʲôһߡˡֵزȻܣǸȴǽ׷ᡣ
ӸӦһ£ȻȷҡҡͷǣҵıҵϢֻҪմȾϣһ֮ڣ;ȥǣ
ߺٶȣȻ󵽴߿ҪǰֻҪǴһܾˣһһˡ
Ȼӳ֣ȫնɱͽ֮
ͨΣߺǳͷʹӲأոմǸŮлýָջҲķᡣ
ҽȻ¸֮·СıõȻĻ˼һ׷ɱ㣬ʱ׷Īˡ
Լ˰СʱԤĵطˣҲ˵һ׷ˡ
СˣȻҪɱǣ㳤ȾͲ۹ǵ鷳
˵ߺȴоôĶ죬Ȼˣ̹ǣͬĵ
Ѳﷴˣʼҧߺո˵꣬СɻĿ˸ߺһۣ˼ԣʲô飿
ߺ˰֣û˵㣬ˣ
СŭĿ˸ߺһۣҲûٶ˵ԣûڸߺУСϵĴ
ߺûᣬҪս˼Ҫء
ҲܸϵϰΪι¼ҹˣĸ׸ôܵùװİأ
սһߺֲ֧


387 ߲
ʲôµģֻҪȫɱ˭֪ҸɵأһЦ˵
˫۳ĿΣǿڿഫι㣬߻Ҫһ۹һˣᣬôܹŹأ
οұǵжҳẦǣ˭õ޵ȫʮ꣬ͻһĹޣһʵǿģʱ򣬿Ҫǳ֮¹Ӵˣǿˣ
˵ţǰһһٳУȴһʼǰͨľˡ
ɫģʮɫֱɢŲͬɫòͬ޵Ľɵġ
ҲǷǳ֣ٵͷֱ߸ͷ
ÿͷжһң߸ҡ
һɫ䣬ɱն˲԰ɫɫ
߲٣ǳȵ֮һȻǱˣǳǴ㽫˶ɱˣɫ׵˵
һָشȷһǰ
ˣһӣǹУúúã㵯һֺη
ţߺЩȣѲôţȻ߲١
߲ٿɲͨ٣ǰҲ֮ͬǰĵ࣬˵ǿ˺ü
Ȼվ֮ǰҲȫ޺վ
ιվĺ棬ԣţŲһƶȥ
Ҫӵ֪ǿڣָ뷨ÿڡ
ڸߺΪҪʱȻһɨոյȻеĳǹһӣں޺۵ϡ
漴޺ۻûзӦͱǹһŰȥ
ɲʲôŮȻ΢ЦǸߺ֪еĶ񶾱Ыϰٱ򱶡
ֻе΢΢һһ޺۷ȥһ޺۱ڡ
ߺں濴亹ֱðǱɣҲѪɱһ˾Ȼָֻ䡣
ѲɳȶôôԼɱĲء
ô˻ᣬ弱ٵĺˣٶ֮죬զࡣ
һץһץԼֶŮι
ֻǼܵԣ֮ǰˣܾôŹ
Ȼ˵ҪĿ޵ǣһ仰ģǾιòѾܾˡ
һѵõĺûᣬȫɱ⣬Ȼռιӣɱ޷ˡ
ʹ໳ʲôҲԼϾǲǰ裬ʵʵһǿ
ԣţһС˶ѣϣʵֲʹԼȥܹ߳ڤ롣
ڤ֮ǿ۴αȣٶǺ׶εģڵΪѾѹƵأôӵùЩ޿ڣ
ֻһѸٵĳҲţƵĸңתлص
ߺСŵķԸԪһǣ֮ǿզ࣬ʹߺԪһҲû̫ãɱǶסˡ
С鲻ãһҧڸߺĸ첲֮ϣߺʹ˵㣬ǣ漴ֻ˯ȥ
ΰʩչġǰΪ߲ٵԭ򣬱ͱϴǸǿϺܶ౶ټϸߺûлָ١
Ϊֹɶûлָ˵ֿϴλҪǿġǰˡ
ٿӣӵĲѾԭغ˯ˣߺһȥĻᱻԷġ
ǰǳ˿ָ˵ӣǳ֮󣬰ֵȥ
ǡǰ߾磬֪ﵽûУǼʹûдﵽҲܹȫԵľ磬Ȼˡ
ĿԼҪ˯뷨һ˯ȥΪΪˣ㱻ɱʱԼں˯ء
һܲı飬ڼĿԼ˼룬Լξ֮УһȥҪͱˡ
е̫С߲ٵˣǿǳ֮һɱΪǿ١
ϽƷǰٺ񶫵ȽϵĻҲǰʤѡ
Ҳ˵ӡ
Ϊʮ֮һܹ񶫵õҲһԵˡ
ǱһЩߵý֪飬񶫻ᱻš
ϽƷҲʹãͬʹãȻҲͬ
ߺ񶫵սĻһо񶫡
ڸߺи߲ʵĹ񶫣ڸߺУһоɱˣߺĳɳٶȣֱ˿ɱȡ
ǸõĻ¸ߺûа취ܣɱˣпܱɱĿܡ

ģÿηһ٣۾΢һ֣ģ۾Ѿˡ
ߺСĲ˺ҧԻܹ侲Ż۾Ŷн֡
ʲôطĽĸоߺԼҲ
ΪɱпܣΪΣǸߺһôȽӴŮӡ
ҲΨһһνԷ¿һŮ˰ɣռ˸ߺ̫ĵһΡ
ߺȴڵֿ뷨ԼӦǲֽ֮ɱ˵ǣȪ鱻˹ȥҪҲ˰ɣߺвϵԼ뷨
ʵ뷨ҲֻиߺԼˣΥԼĵ뷨
ԽԽģߺ⡶ǰԽԽԾԽǴԽǽ
ÿ뵽αѹ£͸еޱȵĽŭáǰӵķˡ
뷨ڸߺԴ֮УϵĽ棬ߺоԼͷԿըˡ
ôǿҵ뷨ײߺǳܲסģûнİ취ߺĲ˯ȥҲΪ뷨̫ɳմ
һ˯ȥأٰȫһЩ
ǣƫƫߺ˯ȥģԼ
ĵײǰҪ˵ϣߺ˯ߺĸӵ飬ȴߺշתߡ
ʵǷǳأص֮һĸ֮һ

ˡߺڿ̲ȥˣѾᣬĶС˵
˵ϣߺں˵ûһ˿
ҲߺȽֵĵط֮һáǰȻСûκεӰ죬СھȵĿŸߺ˯ԱߵӣЩԡ
ĲǺΪʲôߺǼһӻ˯ĵҲĿҪ˯ˣҪս
ߺ˵Ļò׼ˡ


388 
Сһצצ߳صĵطһŶԷȥҵĵԼġǰ
ҲԼ̫ˣҪĵ꣬ȫ˯ôԼͿΪΪˡ
ң˯ŵǸ˯ˣҲ˯
˯ˣǻԼڲ⵽ôǿķҲɱʲôģ԰˵ٺҲˡ
ڰ߳һ˿΢Ц˲䣬ȻоԼһ˿ĸоոոоСͺȻֵߡ
˲ֱߣȻſҧȥ
ϳʹһһ˿˿ĸı䣬Ϊһ˿˿ĲȻѾ˼ǰһ
ûܹ𵽰ߵãΪһ˿е˶ˡ
˲ɱĿŰȻĸҶҶ֣ҿǳ۹Ϊˣ
ΣҳͿҲˬˣΪһȫûˣﻹ˵ʱ䣡
ŭ죬޺޵ĿСһۣСǽϣ˺ۡ
ǳȣԱĲǺ⣬Ψһľ˫˫֣󲿷ֵϻû˺ۡ
ǳϵϣûһ˿˺ۣϰٵ˵˺ۣǵĳ裬ǲԭµĴڡ
С󣬷Ľɡ
˿УԼ˿ڻָǣŭǣȻûһ˿á
ϵ˿ڣȻɢ˿˿ʹо
ߣȫҪӽᱻǧ飬ΪҵĽŪΣѾˡ
͵ǫѾڣеֻ޾ĳޣӵĶҪԼеĳˣµһ㡣
ߺڰһЦڡ̲ס𣿲Ǹ˵αˣǸĿҲڳǵǰˣ
˿֪Ǹߺµףڣ¼ʹ֪µףҲ޷˵ȥɡ
ϾڵİѾϵ˴̼Ľӽˡ
߲ô򵥣㿴ҵͰɣ¶̵Цݣ񿴵˵Ĳ
СҲûٻظߺĵطϾȥĻͽߺڵλøعˡ
ĿŰϵΣϢСȻоһˣոԼô˺һһԼˡ
СԴӳǻˣֻʱȽСڣһ˵뷨ˡ
ٴε߲٣ոյͺȻֲ
ߺ˸ոյԺһ󣬽žͱѹˡ
ֵĿԼϵ˺ۣСģ˿ںڵࡶǰĹؼָϡ
ÿεൽҪָʱֶ᲻ԾĲһ£·ʮֱϢָܣָоָͣĲ
ɶ񣡡ʮֵģΪָҲˣǹҲǲȫ
ǣҪʮֵ鷳ƹ֮ޣѹȫ
ɶƫƫѹǰ壬ֱѹƵȫûãҪȻආһֻ־Ӧݺݵ˵
漴ˡǰҲǸߺ˿ģ˵սֻǷһѣûʲôѶȡ
ǰǣûиܵӵĴڡ
ߺ԰˵ûжûйϵʹҲжвûУԼҲ̫ࡣ
ӵͲͬˣӳڤ֮Уڤս˵ֱˮ
۰ڲߣǰߣǿġǰ߿˵սƣһŵƾ߲١
ǣڣƣ޵ѹƣڣһ߶Ȳϡ
ǰΪСָҧˣԾ͸˵ˣʱûа취ʩչ
ûм壬ԵڣʣµľֻбȽǿΪ߲ΪΨһġ
ǣʹӼܹʤĿɺС
һ㣬ߺصˣǾʩչǰ˵һϢϾԻˡ
֣ͲʲôسϢȷֵҡ
ΪȵˣȻܹԼóˣ㻹ܴӮ˭ȥɣܹࡶǰҲֵĹЦ
ΪܹӵһΪ뷨е裬ǳ𣿱𶪳ߵˣϵԽԽ̡
˽еǹǾưɣ
˵ţȫŶİȥǹĵطһ˿ɺѪ⣬˲ǰ
ǹϵʮֵľˣռ䶼
⻹Ǹߺһδڤ֮пռ𶯵龰أѪǹʵȻǸǵģôˢء
Ҳ˿·磬ƮƮƯȥһ߲ϡ
⡭
һǴѪɫĳǹȥ
ϡ
һ̶ĽײȻǵûκιйˣнųǹ֣֮ϣ˿˿Ѫ
ʲôΪʲôôǿ𾪵˵
ʵڸ㲻ΪʲôԷǿһ㣬Ѿѹסˡ
˵ǿ壬ľСǰʩչˣȻ
ܲˣǰһЦΪҳȵʦ˵ǿԶܹܵ˵ģ
Ȼ֪ԼǶԷ󣬵ôĲ࣬ȻЩܲʵ
ҳȵ̫ϳϣ۹үɣ˵ţȻ˫ֶ֮ϣӣҪʹȫ⣬һɱ
ȻûٽȥˣӶݶȥ
ΪĹҵĹ𣿡ôżԭص˵ûй˼
ٴϴβͬһ߲֮ϣɢ
ЩڿԽԽ죬Ȼ䣬ߺһִЩз·Уһʮɫߡ
ڿ۵ȥһͬɫ磬쵽˼¡
Ҳһ㣬ڿвϵĶЩ߷·һ㣬Ű°ڶϵ׷

һߣץסεֱϡ
ַֻֻ·иʹ̣һζ¡
뽫ٴμ𣬵ǺʮɫҲϵˣɫһݣֶŮһΪ㱨ģ
˵꣬ͷҲصӶˡ


389 ſŮ
޳СˣȻԼֶŮԼˣ۹ֻ𣿡Ц˵
ȻֻʣڣСԱǿЩͶû׷
һ˵ˣôӵùҵ׷ϣʱֻҪԼϵ˻ָˣ׷ʩչǰôӵù
޺޵˵漴ʲôתЦĿΣĦȭƣ۹һ˶Һ밡
ʲôΪߣ飬ҲӶ治֪ôģξ˼㣬֪Լܲա
޵ĿŰҲó³ʲô
ٺ٣һʰСһͺ㶴֤ٺٺ٣
˵ţС˹ȥС鲻ԣһתͷȥ
ǣôСӵҲɱС󣬱ϾֿܹԼǰģû
ҪСϸоһ˵Լʵ
ֲܹǰһЩȱ㣬н׹ͻӵ˵ܹ֮һЩǿĹȥ
ʱǳ֮һȻ˵ΪΪ٣û˿ܹԼ
С󣬰ûϾͶ֣ǿʼè׽Ϸ
Ƿһǵߺǿͻ˯Ҫ˯ǰһӣпҲһֹ
ԸСιһᣬһУ򲱾ضȥ
ӣҲԸ衣
ǣֶôӵù۾Դӿռָó͸о˿ռĲ
ֲϤˣǿռָģԼĽô
һ׹ȥǹ˲ιǰιϡ
ι̻˯Ȼվҡҡ׹ҡ˼£̱ڵϣ˯˹ȥ
һҵСӣǺǡЦЦţԼԸֺ۷ߣԡ
ĻС󣬺Ͳ⣬ٵСǻġ
Уϴ±ģˣƵġ
ɫԽԽ䣬û뵽ԼٷеȻһ׵ǰʧԿ
οС˺ָۣʹܵࡶǰСһôǿ󣬻һ۷ޡ
룬СһΪãټε޵ȣȫѹ۹ңʱ򣬾ʵ۹ڵһˡ
ƾ㣬Ϊܹӵùҵ׷쿪м˵һ͵͵ΣȻɱ
Ȼɫжƽ˹˹ĵģû뵽Ĵȴ˵ı޳ܡ
׻ô˵ţԽ˹ĵˣ˹ģ޳ܡ
һ£ιȻ˯ţһȣϾ֮𽣬ǣϾǳߣԴΪء
ҪС󳹵׵ոвϵͷųǣûһС˯
ҲԽԽΣԽԽ꣬ϾǱ߻һò绨˵ԼңǺķʱһ޵ϡ
ϢСҲоˣ֪Ǵ²ݵĻһֱôȥ
ǲͷˣԼץסɱˣǾ͵òʧˡ
뵽⣬һСϵʱСȻŲ
⣬һЦӿգʵ̫ˣ
󣬰ҪĽֶСϣСĽŲͣˣ̱˯
ߣӲҵ֣СһﹻصģܹΪãôǰ׼ҵڳ֮оģ
˵ţһȥЦϣ뷨Ҫóѣʮֵ泩
СһӳŪһ֣С档
ģߵεǰǽɴҿ
ֻһ£һ־Ϊ˵ĸоǳĽëС죬һļѡ
ţ촽εϿȥ
סַſǸŮģʱ򣬸ߺ̲סˣľվ˳µӿ˲СԱߣı
ţѾǷǳˣϺ£˭кɡ
ɱĿŸߺСӣǲǲˣ㡭ôôأ￴
ͷϾߺСɫɱ˺ֹǧôסߺء
ߺһЦѲ˲ɣҽڤ룬һǸлأ
Ƴȭֱϼߺһ֮У漴СǸȥ
䡭
Сķ־Ȼ˿
С˲˹Ÿߺ㿪ߺһǵأߺȴû
ʲôߺһ£漴Ļеĵȥ
ǣߺεǣԼĹܹ㲨ƣĸʲôҲ첻ɣ˵Ѻˡ
Сӣ𣿻ǸҹԹԵĴǰɣ˵ţ̧֣һֽߺҲ档
㲻ǲԸ⿴ҳѲǰãۿôŪѣһ¹
˵ţոתǣȻһλǿľ˹
Ǿ֮ǿеļ¡
Ļ־ǺģĻƲʲô˺µأ
ڤ֮УôǿǴие־塣
תƮƮȥһ˲䣬Ʈ˶ʮ֮⡣
ǣǵٶҲǺϾ׷
һǿԼֻвϵĶܡ
ϾѹƣҲȻвôǿһˡ
һ׷һ𣬴Լʮ֮󣬱ϾǰٶȱȽϿ죬˺ĵһξ롣
һ߲ٳУָ棬Ĳһźǵȥ
ﬡ
ȻˣĵҲһξ롣
Σŵףһֻӣ˺۵ӡ
㣿ôܻ᲻ʶֻأǲ˽֮˵жֻϵĴ󲿷˺ɵġ
Ӻ޴󰭣ֿ˿ܣ֪ԼΣˡ
ڤ֮УǵԵĺֻսûκ


390 ݺͼ
뵽ܵ˼˿ԶΣȻһηȥ
ŮߣߺˣȻװʲô뷨뽫Ӷ֮ߣߺԸ
Ӽ˲ߺСߣ¾ͽָƿˡ
󣬱Ű׷϶ȥ
ߺ֮һ󣬷ԸСѰҰܷ
Ϊ˶ӣӶݶȥҲֻԽԽˣߺСԶԶġ
ߺҿСڣӵϢʮֵϤԣȻºԶһһܹ׷ᡣ
ոӻ֪һһ裬ԸߺĻƴӣԴս֮󣬺񽫸ߺСˡ
˾ȸߺСҲûаˡ
ӷ·Ƿһ㣬ٶ͵ؼӿ˺ܶ࣬Űȥٶڲϵļӿ죬ϵ˿пʼһ˿˿ѿ
˺ٴ͸¶Ѫһεε䵽˵ϡ
׷ȥֻӼʹɱ˰ߺԿ϶ǣҲˣѪ̫ġ
֪֮УߺСܳߡ
棬ߺսҪͨǴխĶڣϰִΡ
ԣٶж죬ǰٶ׵ľ룬Ѿ׷ϰˡ
ʵڶУӾ׷˰ϴһ£ˡ
ڣ۰߲ж˵İټѹƣҲԲӳǿʵ
һֻܹˣϾܹ߲ʵѾˡ
˵ֻѾĵزˣѲɡ
Ȼ뵽һµĿԣѾ֪Ǽҵ𣿲԰ɣϵζˡãǱȥ͵ʴˡ
뵽ӵսˣĶ׼һӴȥ
ǸһֻɱӣӵٶȱǲοֵȽ׵ޡ
ٶ쳣Ŀ죬пĻѪɫڤ֮У쵽ֻʣһ˿Ӱ
ԶԶĺ棬ߺСϣڰпٵķУȻǰ˵ٶеǷ۵糸
ģ׷ҹˣŵһ裬ϢûϢߺƣٶһֱôܵĻҲҪ쵽ڤľͷ˰ɡ
ߺޱƵǣСȻܹڤУɱȲ̬СĸоһһþԼԽԽԶˡ
ڣֻܹоһ˿˿ϢҿСıҲãϢһ·׷ȥ
ٴһһҹߺС˵ڲˣǹ̶һطϢʮֵĻңڴս
ߺʹС󣬸ϿУһҪְûܳڤ֮ǰδж
ȻĻߺȵòöȪˡ
ԴӸӦȪĴڣߺϵΣϣܹ֮ץסܹϣȪ
ˣǰϢЩԾֻϢĸϢǵΧһսңǵƣÿһ
Сڸߺ𣬸ߺкȻû뵽ڤ֮УһӾ͹˾ȵˣû뵽бǿڡ
Ǿ͸ҪˣһսĻ˵ǰľȱʲôģߺߴС󣬸ϿķС
ûõģˣҪ׷ǵĽ룬ٻ÷иһһҹпܣС˵
ߺһȻ֪ǰԼΣǿȷǣ۹ȽϽ
СķٶȲô˵ǺпѾĹˡ
뵽⣬ߺһϲٶԸߺ˵ĵ۹۹ȫˡ
û뵽Ȼܹܵ۹Ǹңǣ̫ˣߺи̾
Сļ׼ȷߺ˵ȷһһҹ֮ϵ˸ǲûп
ڣ˭˭ɵĸ֣սԼóóȻȥĻֻನܹԼ˵Լˡ
ߺСھսԶҲһ߷ͣСԭӡ
ֻսϣʽʮֵĽţ˫ڼҵսһȦȦսĵط˹
Ƭռ䶼ŤˣֻӵĺֻһͷһֻȻȱĶﻹҪ󣬵ǣӺûʲô
ҪģһǼҳģһǼͼҼ
Ҫ˵ҰҰӣսսߺҲܹܰ׳
İѵѾʦˣ
ٿǱߣȻѾˡ
ǲˣҲƾУƫƫˣǸˣҲȴѾˡ
ȫһֲҪĴ򷨣ȴηηβûȡ˭ƣͲӵĶ֡
֣ǺǿǶͷֻʵҲǺܲ
ͷǳĴһͷײ£ɽѡ
ֻĹȴ쳣Ϭÿһ£ռ㿪ʼһ˿Ѻۡ
λӦǳӦģÿһ˶һ١
ӦǳȵˣΪҪ˵۹֮УҲôһɹ˵ˡ
ңȵҲǵҪ
䡭
һը״սϴ˹սϵ˫׷ȥ
ѾڤıԵˣֻҪһףͿԳڤˡ
ǣֻݼǰ浲ţ˷Ǳڤ
ߺߺߺߺߡ
ֻȻ˼ʮֵĺҲʮֵĴ󣬸ߺվԶȻš
С˵ͷڸֻ˵˵֧ԮһСõĺӱЩ˴ڤ롣
ߺһΣӽСãҲ̫˵ɣҵ𣿡
øߺģֻĽиͣСͣߺ˲ˡ
İɣһСõĺӱ˴ߵģϾǵ
ңڤ뵽ʲôطͷǽйĵʲôأ᲻ֻӵ๫أߺ뵽
ֻȻйɵĽϵҪ֣ߺɣһǳ˽ɤӡ
һȦȦԭشļûôˣûС󣬲֪˼ڽоȱΪսźء
ֻոս꣬һ˾ͱе٣ָһһȥ
ֻȻڼǰӲΪһС
ǣߺˣУͷϾȻһëûն淴ȥ
Բߺиߺ
Ȼߺúе㲻ԾһɹǿӸߺĺ漱ٵ߷ÿһøߺеļ¡


391 Э
ֻӰӣԶٶȼ죬ǰӶûǵٶȿ졣
Ļоƣͷֻ޼ǰԼԼĿҲǶ״
ӣֻԮߺ۾Ҫ֪浽ʲô񿥵ġ
ȻߺĶǿ񿥣ǿ
ҲֱͶ졣
ߺ亹Ҫˣڤ벻Ϲʱĸ֣ڰɣôôǼ
θǸɴ࣬ȻͶ춼ˡ
һģߺвѾȷˣһϹʱĳǿĴڣﰲң˼찡ʲôġ
ȻǸصǿںȻһʧˣЩݼڳǸǿĻ֮ԲŻôǿ
ֺߵĻߺԼˣҪȻĻɰ
ûţѼʲôģһˣٴСˣߺɽ֮ϸ̾
䡭
ߴļݼɵս֮УȻ׷£ս֮С
ƥߴˣȻʮɵĸ߶ȣǰİˣƵġ
ˣܰɣǷˣСȻ˵
ߺһ˭ǣ
ЩﰡС󶼲ЩΪˣֱöˡ
ߺһ£ǻʲôϽܰ
ո˵꣬ߺĺ͹ιһ磬ٿս֮УƥѾʧˣոջ֮еĸߺСȴӰ֮С
ߺӰ㶣ΪӰǱģǸովƥ
磬ûߺ϶Цƥĸͷ
仰û˵ƥĸͷߺʮֵıŤ
ȻСڸߺԱ˵ˣ˵ӽȥ˵Ҫм˵
ҿӾȻҳǣôΣգȥ·һߺ
ǣпϿɲô˵ûǣʵ⼸Եģô˵ˡ
ԼͺͰԸٵһ˵ĻǸߺĲŴڤ֮߳ȥˡ
СܲȥʵǼСһЩƫһŪǲǺС𣿡
ȻӲĲУģߺԼȥ
ߺļȻǺܹãǸͷ˸磬ߺ֤Լһᱣߺġ
ĵ˵Լ֣ѵͱ˸ߺ𣿻ѲɸߺǣǾû
ߺˣΪŵİôﲻʵĶҪǷԼʣˡ
˵Ҳи֣и㣬צҲС
Ǿ͵˵̧צˡ
ߺôıƥ˹վڳģһգϢǿƣе߷߲ƽ
⼸ܣΪʲôƫƫҪԼУԼΪʲôҪ˻ˮ
˫۽ĶС˼˫͸¶ĳޣߺһǺް͵ԼĺӰɡ
С˵Ļߺɤӣȿȣţô£ӷ˵ˣʲôҪֻҪǽĺӷˣͷŸλ뿪ڤ룬ȻǸŮҲܴߣ
˵ţߺָָڲԶֱΡ
ǾԲԱԷߵģߺҲλᣬ˳
ЩݼȻ֪ߺԼ˵ĲͬǲûΪѸߺϾߺȷΪǰˡ
ŵǸŮӣȳȲҪôһҲν顣
ȻǿߺΪ˾ǸߺԼҪöȪ顣
ԷȻôĳҲЩģϾ̫ˡ
ǰֺˣǻ˵㣬ġǰöԸЩôߵĶʹȫĳ˯
ʱ˵ֻĳˣһЩνһ˯ȥ
ö޵Ը㣬ŮӣԲԸģİ֪ЩҪΪԼָеö޵
ԣԼĻпܱǼһҲԲŹԼġ
Ϊ˱òò
ΣԴӴӶУߺΪ޷˵ĳͿȷȷǸߺԼȥġ
޵ģ˵ǸߺˣȻߺûʲôӰ죬ǣĳС
ҧһڣ಻ǰҪȻĻҲܻ쵽ôҵĵزĶҪ³
ǼֻﵱȻȫˣϸ΢˼
濪ȷջ԰ȫȫԼҪõĶУòˡ
һȻԸߺ˵̫ƽˡ
ߺóǼֻ˼˵ҪԼѡԷ
ȫΥ˸ߺԸߺôķأ
Ӵ㣬ˣھʱӦʲôڣҾЩƱҲҪˣֻҪٽǸŮӾȳ֮˾һʹ
ߺѣɲҪˣҾĻҲסһĺͱ˼˳ȥ˵Ҳ˵
ߺ˵鵹Ҳʵ飬񲻶ϵı任ᶨĵ˵ͷ
ȷǸߺҲסôʱ䣬˵ͳȥҲ˵
֮ᶨָָǱߵΣȻָָԼ˼ˡ
ɫһ±ˣѪɫ˫۳ѪĿŸߺֿӵȶ߬Ŀֱ졣
ԴԼûгԹ˷۱ˡ
ûеõ޵ǽ۹Ҹ׵ĵˣΣԼΨһܹĵ۹һ˶ҪˣһҪ˵ĸо
ؿڲϵдڴڵĺſǿ֮Уϵ塣
Һ֪ʲôֻҪʲôҾͽϣ󣬰סˡ
һԼеĻѹˣ˵
ߺ΢΢𣺡˵ҲУɣ㽫е޵ε棬Ȼ󣬽ߣΣ
ȻˣҲٳɣһһö޵С
ö޵񣬿ö޵˲䣬ĪĽԭرֹ
޵κԶĵطȻ彥ȥ
ֱȥһľʱ򣬸ߺǺȻֱֳȥ
ߺСǶγȥǰﶯö޵ɱȥ


392 ׹
ǣߺû뵽ԼĺѾһֿµĳ̶ȣʹߵʱҲҪԼء
ߺСոյǸطóָеСҲȻ׼Ǹء
ߺεͷ­ոһߵʱһǿָȻԶ
֮ǰǳֵȻոͬˡ
֮ǰûʹһǵһɫȻʮɫǣÿһӶǷǳĵһеҲǴŨصԻ֮⡣
Բ֣ͬȻʮǿĹ
С󿴵⣬һŭ𣬶Ȼȸߺ죬ԿСҪȸߺߡ
޷˵ĵڸߺǰֻǵСʱȴһûСκε˺ۣСҲûа취ǵ֡
ǱߵҲˣ˶һ˸ߺǰ
Ȼ˵ߺڶ˵ûˣǸߺϾǾȹֻӵֶ˵ͬ졣
ң˵ߺûдǿԼĺӣҲ˵ʲô֮ˣһǴˡ
һ㣬ȸߺһ
ǣֵ鷢ˣǵҲͷĴڣһ͸

ǵ͸С壬ž䵽˸ߺ­֮ϣһߺԼԺҪѿһ㡣
ͬһĴʹߺʹĴܡ
ǵߺͷ­֮󣬲ûоʹͣ£ǽִεüģȻ˵£
ոգͷǵʱǵߺͷ­εͷ­صʱԣһ¾Ȼʹ˵ͷ­
ñɣֻôɵĶ𣿡ǱߵĸͷȻڰǰ
ƥӵٶȲ֪˶٣ˣϾֻһƥ
ẦһĶոЭԭΪֻһһֻǲẦµġ
׷׶ƥʩչļһ׷ײˣ
ߣ˵һɱȥǾ治ף˲䣬ܵ档
Ȼ⼸ֻ׷ϣԶӶݶȥ
⼸ֻﲢû׷Ǽһ׷ϵϣҲǺӱߣ׷ͣסˣֻﲻϵ˻𣬺ǲܳȥ
Ȼ֪ˣء
ڤ滷ӣӳһΣȿȴͬ·õһ㡣
γɵҲȽϵıֱóӻһ㡣
Ҳ۹˳澰˵סʼӵˡ

ߺûпЩҲ˵ͲЩоԼԺޱȵʹһĻĻԼԺ֮ʧ
ӸߺߺһĻĻ涼Ӹߺͷ­֮ʧߺҲ䲻ˡ
ߺͬģУϱܵΣڵߺͬ佥ʧͷʹѣϵŸײ
ߺҲǲϵڵϱܣԽԽ죬ټǱߵĺӱ߱ȽϽͨһȥ
С鲻ãŸߺ˵Ϣ֪ζԸߺʮֵҪиߺҪĶ
ίͷƿȻ󲻹һеĽδΣΣŸߺĺӱ߳ȥ
ˡ
СڵҲ̫ˣȥ֮ˮнʮɸߵˮ
ڶȽϸ̾谮ɾ
飬ȻûʲôӰһǲܳȥҪæҲﲻʲô
ڶһˣߺڶ˵һʶ˶ѣʲôҪõѡ
ոգǽҪҲ쵽ˣֻҲΪߺһιȻûеס԰ɣϾ⵽ˡ
ڶҲԼǷߺʲôˣԷ׷ﳤȥɹ
ǹȻ˵СˣеԶˣǺûëϵ

ߺԴӵˮ֮󣬺ˮԴԴϵĹĿУֻӺڤ֮⣬ԸߺҲá
οߺа벽壬Ȼûлָǽһ˿ϢҲ㹻ӱɱˡ
ڤͬģڿഫӺûбʹٺĺӵˮǳֹ
ǣȴͬˣߺˮн֮һ
ǱɢǿĺȻǧ׿ĺӣʼˡ
ͬǣˮ̫ˣˮԴԸߺһ˿˿⣬ʶɢֻǽ涼סˡ
ߺⲻСɢĺ⣬ȻʹԸߺΪģԲǧ඼˺
׺ıŸߺűµˮƮȥƬǵҲƮȥ
СͲѵĳ棬ȻԼڱдû£еǾԲԶôĵطš
ԸߺС˵ǲƷǴ󲹡
ǣ˵ǺҲǸĶżһûʲô飬һֱں֮Уᱻġ
СڱϱܣԸӦߺǺԴͷԴͷϵƶΪоʮСôо
οϲĺأ
ߺں֮УϵĻָԼѾʲô֮ˣϵĺȻôĺˣǽʧˡ
ǵָҲ֪ʲôȻûߺˣȴɥʧ˼䣬磬⾳
еĶȫˣȱǿ󣬾ǿɡ
ߺ˳ˮƯУϵĻָԼȵȣɥʧ䣬ûкתԽԽء

ңԶĵطͣˣںʵĿ
ʦ֣Сʩչʲôһӣ
˻ԼĲӣҲùȻҲøһѵˣ֪ͷͨĻЩһһȥֵҽԼ֮бѹֵΨһһ壬۳һָ˴ȥ
ʲôİ壬֮壬˵۹ֻһ壬ͺɱ֮࣬㽫ѹʣµİͷŵǵϣʧȥ˼䣿
͵̧ͷۺɱ⣺ûҾԲܹȫʧܣֻҪιʲôҲ벻ٽķɱˣ۹Ҿͻɲǵˣ
ʦ֣㻹
ЦȻȻΪأжɣҪҵ֮ɱ
İɣʦ֣۷ߣһˣף
ǧҪô̫ϳ֪ʹϲǣҲŹǵģ
˵˵ͷ̫ϳϣǳȵȨʵҲ޷ڳȣһĴڡ


393 һ
۹ԣطˣʲôУеط۹Ļʵۣ֪࣬Ĵڡ
Ȼ֮£ĪϾޣеĵطǹܲġ
۹ڤĺˮϣ಻֪ĵطһСׯ
ǣճϢȻÿһ˶ǿҲûʲôߣǣȴʮֵĴӣ
ӳ֮µظ֣ȥǧ׿ĺˮ֮д㡣
Ůڼ񣬺һˢţһʮֵĺг
棬һ뱲ӶΪϥӣֻһŮ
Լϰ齫ԼŮ˶ʮ꣬ԸܹԼŮһùޣԼϰ鼸֮Ҳ԰Ĺϡ
ƢʮֵʵԴﶼͷ
ŮҲĵһˣܶδӶ뱡ĺһЦ

죬ͷһȥӲԶĺˮȥ㡣
ȴһ񣬻صҰ̾
ӿԼɷæһˮϣˣЩˮůůӣ
ͷӹˮȴ뵽˷£ɵ̾һ
ôˣæʵʲôôķ꣬˵˵Ҳܸ취
ǰ˵˵ŮСܵԼĸ׵Ӱ죬Ҳᡣ
ʻʱΪԼĵ첹
ԼŮ׷ʣͷһ֮ɫ㣬Ǻջ񣬶ң쳣ĺ䣬Ⱥַˣ
ôһҲûдأ޺ǵӣһֱǷ˶㣬ǿԴȥҲǷǳɻ
Ů˵޺ӣ汲Ϳʼ۶ģȻǺ򲻵㣬ٴҲҪ
ȻԼŮô˵ͷ黹ǲǷǳĺãϾ޺Ǵ֮УΨһķû㣬Լҿôȥ
һҹ޻ڶ죬ͷľˣ޺ȥ
һµ飬Ǿഫǧ겻޺ӾȻʼˣ
´ˣ˶ˡ
޺֮еǴԴ޺ĽᶳˣǿɾĻˡ
һ˶Χ޺ӵԱߣȻഫ޺ӣĽˣһǳĺ񣬴Լһ׵ĺȡ
Ĵ峤곤ˣҲ֪ʶԨˡ
ӵĴ峤ҰˣϮ˵峤ʱͽֲͻǳ͡
ȥɽ֮Уȫˡ
ǿ˵ɽǺӶ԰ڤ롣
ӱߣǺֻǿĽһЩͱǴ̹ǵĺ䶳Ķ²ֹæȡů
ǲϲԽ޺ӵĳͷأＸûߣҲûΪܹ겻޺һҹᶳΪ
ǿĳͷ
峤ôȥҲǰ취ǽ俪ȥ˵ܹһЩأʱ
峤˼һڵͷͬˡ
е˶ʼؼùߣ׼ϵǲ򿪡
ǣܶ˷Ѿûа취ıһ˿˺Ĺ߶ˣҲǱûκεİ취
ѵҪңʱ򣬴峤ݺᣬ죬޺ǰ
ոչ£мȻһǿҵĹâȻϵıȻ˺ںϡ
Ũ޺֮һ㣬ȻЩŨһмĹԴȥ
ȻһɸӺĺˮðֱ˲ޱȺȻ֮еˮᣬѩ׷ˡ
˵ѩֲѩΪֻѩ״ǣȴһƬƬѩ״ı
һƬƬѩգ䵽ϣҲû̾ڣǽ
˼ɾҲˣƬСׯع
˶пȥѩڣ˸ŰɫĹ⻪·һ㡣

ˮᶳˣͷǷǳļȻϵľɫ쳣ˣǣˮڽᶳˣԼڿٳˡ
ˣǸϿºȥɣΪ˸лϲԵľˣ㣬һɣߣԻʣµ㡣
鱻ˣ峤ҲԵ÷ǳĸˣ
еĴ񶼺ţ׷׵Լ洬ȥͷȴĲ֣ԣ쳣ֹ۵Ĳμλ
Ϊܹʡʱ䣬ΪﲶˣͷԼϰŮһ㡣
ҪŮңǴСԼĸȥ㣬ҲһͣȻʮҲûȥˡ

ͷ㣬̫̫͸㡣
һϺܶ
㣬رļ򵥣ЩǶɵһ㣬ʹҲߡ
ģͷˣ洬Ҳ޺Ŀ󲿶ԽԽԶˡ
εһʱǵˣڣʮ㣬ǳĸˣ
ͷҲǷǳĸˣȻǽһõȥϽЩȫ׼Ů׼һݷļױ
⣬˲ͨ죬ŤŤ˵˵ʲôأŮޣ
д󵱻飬Ů󵱼ޣ쾭飬㿴ǴСһ˳۰ͷЦ
˺ˣŮȻҪѡڶҪˣǻǻȥɣͷϰ˵
ͷҲ˵ͷ˿Ҫɽ̫ãػţٴһǾͻȥ
˵ţͷеȥ
ţͷеקţǣȻʮֵĳأͷʶʲôЦ컹治ĩĩˣȻһһ
˵ţͽקȥԼʹģҲʮֵϡ棬ߣ濴ȥҪжô㣬Լĸ׾Ȼôġ
Ѿͷȥʲôֲɾ鼫õͷȻĶ俪ԼŮЦ
ˮһ˲䣬ûˮĸҪקˮҲࡣ
ҿڣͷקȥ
קȥһ˲䣬ͷסˣק
һ¿ɿ˺㱻ȥ
ں棬Բûпе
ͷӣڸʲôҪɣ̫̫ںԹ
ŶŶŶͷӦ˹ⲻʲô˵
˾ţڽˣֻһ꣬ʹԼڶʮңüĿ񣬸ͦı
˿һۣסˣͷ˰졣
һǣйôεˣ˧ˡڶǣ˶뱲ˣûдġ


394 ʧ
Ǹߺߺ˳ֱ£ȻƮǸ۹շתһ֮ٴλص۹
ǸߺҲû뵽飬ҿߺڲڴУһСׯȻĻᱻϳġ
ô죿ǻԼĸ׵󣬲˵
ͷҲԼ˵ʲôãƫƫ˵Ǿ仰õĲ黵飬ĴһӣȻ˧˵ĻԼҲӻ
׳ŵӣͷߺߣڸߺıϷ˷ţ̽һûбϢ־ǣûбϢ
ˡͷعͷ־˵Լһ֮һ
󣬻ͷҲΪӣе㵨ûʲô£޺֮вˣһˣ
׻˵ˮУ᲻ᱻԵǽŪϣ˵ҪΪ
ͷ룬˵ͷѾͷ˵ĶԣǾͽɣ֪˭ҵĺӣ֪飬Źأ
޺֮еһҲͷҵ洬򰶱ʻȥ
˽ͣͺ֮ͷŸߺ򰶱ȥ
ߣѾ˸ɲ񣬵ѾЩ谵ĺҹУָͬ·ƣ
ͷôŹջôߵˣͷͷж㣬ոߵͷĸͲͣסˡ
ǿͷϱŵסˣͷǸʲô㱳˭
ͷոյ˵һ飬ΧŸߺ۷׷ף֪˧ˬʵˣʲôΪʲôںС
˺ˣΧһҲӻȽɣᣬΪһɨ˴ҵ£峤˹Ը˵
Ȼ󣬴ְ˽ŵĽߺ̧ͷȥ
ҲΨһһ÷ˣϾͷԼģһ˰ڱ˼ңҲ˼
ϣҲŮ١
ϲֳˣԣڼΪˣοŮһ˴ڼУҲ̫ȫ
ߺʬ屻ͣͥԺΪҾͲ󣬸ûаö˵ĵط˵ڵĸߺֻһʬˡ

ҪУԼĸ׵ŵƣĸ֯Լȴʼ첹
ĸŮ˵Цģһ߸ɻһ˵Ҳڡ
Ȼ洫һĸŮѲҵˣ
ĸ׾ЩԾôЩأһ㶼Ὺҹ죬һ㣡
˵ţ˼濴ȥֻߺʬȻҵĶ󣬾Ȼվܣ
թʬˣ⡭ոռеһ룬ͱԼĸס졣
ߺԼĻ꺣֮лģŵģʹԼ꺣֮еǾ޴ʹ࣬ŭ
ͬըŰķľ壬ΪȻѺۡ
ŭ꣬ߺܲ˻꺣еĴʹ˹ȥ
ķڿЩ񣬷׷ͷҿٸͷļ٣ϾŮڼء
ͷԺĸŮŸҳո˵Ļ˴ҡ
ҵľֱͬһ㣬˾ȻȻ󷢳š
ⲻڶǰѣ˵жð뷨
ͷߺ߿ȥٴһαϢ
һΣߺȻкˣؿ΢
峤кǲûղֻǼѣͷ峤ȥ
Ǵ峤ҲȷмֵȻߺ߿Ȼһ¸ߺıϢȻΪߺ
ȷûû뵽֮꣬ٴο״󣬴峤˵һЩˣȷй
ֻܵĳִ̼ʱԵֹͣ˺û
½İҲȱȽǣпΪ½Ũԭɡ
һͲܽģ϶Ắģٶˣ峤˵
ͷ룺Ҽסھþĸסһ𣬶ҺСסһɣ
˵˵ͷҲõİ취ˡ
ͷ룺ϾԼȻģӦԼ

ڶߺ˯֮Ȼ󻷹ܣķӣȻˣҲɨǸɾ
һƣһ崿Ů˽һߺ۾еҲ˳
ˣλˣö
ߺԺĿǸŮһֵӣ㡭˭
ʱٴһƣͷ򸾴˽Ҳߺʡ
ͷ΢Ц˵˶ͷͽˣҵŮ
ߺƶǶĵ˵ͷʵģ
۹߽磡˭İΪʲôںУͷʸߺļᡣ
ǣߺȴڳһͷԺ񣺡˭Ϊʲôںأ
ߺЩⷴʹȥǽͷˡ
˭Ĳ֪˵⣬㣬ң
ߺвϵ߶˭ҵ˭Ƕ֣ôֽʲôأ
ͷӣСʧˣҴ峤Ĳɣߺ飬ͷɷĵ˵
峤峤ʲôʲôвûвߺڿϺȻ˵
ͷ˵вأ
漴ʹˣɵɵĿŸߺǸո˵Ļ㶼ˣ
ߺûʲôǲΪʲôһв
Ȼ鶼벻ˣճǲˣԼԺ֮һƬհףԼô䣬䲻ڽ֮ǰκζ顣

ͷȥ峤ûһͻˣ峤Ǽĸ
峤Ÿߺ˵뽫ùΪ
ʲôǺ˭
峤һκʮΪʲô
ΪߺȻƸߺ۾ε˵
֮ûһ˿˺ۣҲΪʲôʧ䣬Ҳӽˮ˰ɣ˵꣬˳ȥ
ͷں棬峤ͷ˵Ժܾ͵סɣģһˣ㲹ģķãԲһ˳
ˣǶһٷⲻǲ֪ĺʲôʱָܹ䣡ͷ̾Ϣ
ΪߺķͬһһأϣͷȥҴ峤ˣȫ˶ж
Ϊģʵ̫ܳˣ˺üĿ㣬ٶٷôȥȫᱻġ
峤ͬˣҵϿᣬ˵һ£ҿ֮е˱Ƚ׷ͬˡ


395 
ͷ֣鲢ûеôңߺȻʳܴ󣬵ǲҪÿ춼ʳ
٣һ֮󣬺ܾûڽʳɫȸ״ԽԽãȻκ˶Ҫá
׳Сӣϲɫ
֮󣬸ߺ´ˣԭûʲô󰭣ǣӲҪڴٴһʱ䣬Լ֮˵
ߺһ˾죬оӷǳıŤ
ȻסˣߺͱҪԼķӣסͷҲ£Ͼڣͷ˶ֿ˾ˡ
һʱ䣬ߺҲһЩ飬٣֮Ҳ⼸ϵ˵һЩҲ֪
ߺϾǺصߣǱƽ־һͼǵȻ󣬾ϸ΢һĥȫˡ
ϾЩǴĻ꺣еģֻΪ֮壬ߺʱˣڹĶͺˡ
ߺ߳Ǹסӣո߳ǿҵ⣬۾һĲӦĲӦ˹
ͷļʮֵļªΧǽûУȫľͷɵģľͷһ֪
ߺ˳ȥ˭֪ͷһ˧꣬䲻ʮ꣬ȴʡ˼ʵס
ܶŮڸߺǰﲨߺʼһȽף·ԡ
ͷһ˵ʱ򣬸ߺıģû˿ĸı䡣
ߺһȦӵδ˽ˣԼֻסٻ˼ң˲ǴǸء
ûһ£ͻˣǽƷȡģͶĳɹ
֯Ĳ㣬ֵũһЩˣﹺһЩʳƷȻ󣬾ˡ

ߺԼƻʱصͷļң⼸죬ͷΪߺæµΪǷӡ
飬һǸɲģãˣܶԸߺģҲǶ죬ûжæ
Ͼʱ򣬶ߣߺǷӡ
ȥʱ򣬸ߺǽһ̧ȥﺰſںţ϶ẮĻ֮УҲ졣
Կ⼸ô
ߺ⣬ͨ⼸Σ֪ʱӦȥæ
æʱȥȻ󣬰һӣ±ȥһֵķȥ
ǣֻ΢΢ʹһǷȻͷ
е˶㶵վϣŰеķĿɿڴ˵
ľͷԼʮ׵ĸ߶ȣڸߺû̫ʹľͷɵĲǶôĸߡ
ţ䡣
ܰʱڷӳ˹׷״ſ£ǣľͷٶȼֱ̫ˡ
ӵٶȣ͸ϲľͷٶȡ
ߺû˳ȥҲ㣬ԼоЩ죬ΪԼûиоΣա
ҲеֵģߺԼ֣͵ʹ𣬽ţһȭȥ
ꡭ
һ˱ӦΣߺȭͷȴûκ˺ۣѸٵ׹ȥ
䡭
ҳһ̳ߺӰʧķĻҳ֮С
ô֮УɱæǷɻ֮зȥ
ͷҲߺ֮طɱȥ߱亰д峤ȥϿ
峤ׯĳׯҽȻʵôǿ󣬵ȷʵ棬࣬ıԵˡ
д峤ʲô˭𣿡ߺӻҳ֮𣬵ɻɢʱ򣬸ߺվԭأĽѾ֡
Ȼû£ôɥЩ΢
ߺĿһۣΪʲô죬ҲΪʲôҪɥĿһԼȣ
˵ӣа취ͳ𣿡
⣬ͷһκԼôû뵽˼ҵȶˣܲϰγ
ߺȲϵĶ͵һᣬһֻڳˣֻҪһֻŰγһֻҲ˵ˡ
ߺһϵжˣǴŸߺ֪롣
ߺǵ̫ˣ˵һƣʹһֵķȥȻ󣬾һԾȻƽ˸ࡣ
һȭһֵľӸߴû˺ۣЩܹͨ쵽ġ
㵽˭ϧѾɥʧˣȻĻֻϵĽԽˣϹĴ峤һ·˵һС
ǣʱ򣬸ߺȴûκε˺ۡ
ԭС峤߳˵
ϹΧ۵Ȼԭ˺ټأֲܹô࣡
ںԶĵطһֻ޴İɫȻоʲô¶ھϲƵЦݣĺϣһŮӡ
ŮǣֻҪ˿һۣͻᱻճ׵ס
һȥڿбܣٶȷɿ죬ֱһɫĹ⡣

ߺȻ˴һԾɱ峤һ٣ΪΪľһȭˣȫп֮ܽĽ¡
ڶ磬ߺͷȥ档
ͷֻߺһ飬ߺڻͨ
Ҫ֪ߺͷǿרкܶǿĴڣ˰벽壬Сһ
ƾԼ˵ߺһ˱һ㣬һ磬ʱ򣬸ߺͷûгȥ
ͷøߺȥˣٶȣ²һ£޺ӵͱĲˡ
ߺȥѧأûôĴӱ
ͷȥǳͷ۵ǿ鱻ķǳӲĵأһٳһ׵ӣôȥĻׯûиˡ
Ǵ峤øߺȥɭ֮дȥˡ
ϵʱ򣬸ߺض飬קһͷ¹ġ
ߺǣֻֻ¹ˣǼʹҲ㹻ͷһҸ˵ˡ
û뵽ߺȻдԵͣҪ֪ƽ˸ͲȥԣȫԽȫɱ
ң˵滹ػɽ֮ڡ
һҰ޵״ȴԿɽʯٶȿɱȿ磬Ҫɱ˵Ļֻһ֡
ҿػɽôɱˣֻʱɱһ
Ҳ´˿ڱ긴һģԻԽԽˣǵĿҲںеϡ
ͷҾû֮һȣڶԼˣˮӾ
ϣͷһζ
ͷѶصĺþ˳ֲ֧ĺ˼Ҳϵľߺƺȡ
˽󲿷ֵ¹óɸߺҸȻһֻһ㣬˷ܵˡ
ûгҰˣǶԸߺøдϿ˸ߺ³Ա
ÿֿЦݣߺûһԼܾûпЦˣе㼤


396 һ
壬ãˣͷԺߺԼķǱͷķӺ
磬Сһ㣡洫
ߺļѾǺˣͷҵԺǵģȻֻ䣬ȴ㹻ߺ˯ˡ
ǧ߳ߡЩط㹻ߺ˯ˡ
죬ǸߺʮˣߺѾԴ˼ˣҲ֮Ψһһһ˵ְҵ
Ҳֻиߺ˲Ÿҽȥԣ֮ܶͥԻǶԸߺķڷ
һ죬ߺɭгϿҰϻɵȥ
һ·ϵȫĿɿڴĿŸߺû뵽ߺȻܹɱҰޡ
ϻײоͱ˵ˣҰҲԵֿģҰȫ£ֻͷһȭӡ
ҰӲĴˣ㿴ߺǷǳǿġ
ߺ벻ԼҾûֲʣߺģǸߺȡһ֡

ϰ飬˵СǲϲˣͷԼ˵Ļ
ƳһۣϻⶼСķܣ˼ҴɨӵȵȼͲû˵ˡ
˵⣬Щɣ˵ϲС𣿡
ͷϾˣ⻹˵СȻòɣҲǷһˣϵһЩ󻧣жٹӸŻǾķأ
ϧİҸоݿ²򵥣һ˶Ҳ˵أ˵
ĵĲǲ޵ɽ֮Уûʲô棬ϵЩӸȫ
ϵÿһҲϾʱҪȥм
ǣʹ˧ģߺЬ䣬ൽֵزҸߺ˫ȫ
ѧϰһͻᣬ¸ǲ˵ˣȭͻҰЩЩӸҲ׷ϡ
Ժ˵ɣ˵ţͷҲˣ˰һǸϽȥɣ

ߺ䱸һЩ˵ıƷǴľ񽻸Լõġ
ǶԸߺкøУߺһЩĶҲʵЩڼҲûдôˡ
ǲ֪͸ߺıߺʹһ£ͽ֮Ūˡ
ıڸߺҲһԵģһ۾Ͷϣһʹ䣬оûȭͷá
󣬱ٸֻϹŵ裬ûù
죬ɭ֮رļž·еĶﶼʧһɶڶĳֶƵġ
ߺɢһɭ֮󿴿ҿûҵһֻޡ
ѲɽҪֶ飬ɣߺԽԽϲЩЦˣȻЦЩЦȴο
ߺţ֪߽ɭֵΪ˿ԵޣѾ峤Ļ˶ߡ
峤˵Ҫɭ̫ǿػɽ
ߺʱΪʱѾɭֵˡ
ǰأأ峤˵֮֮Ȼ˾ͱֶˣߺ⣬˷
ոûȻָоһڿԼ
ȻͷֻԼ棬һף׵ľ޴ʨ״ĶڸŸߺ
ʨмƣβȴЫʽһһڵģ滹һ
ֻצҲһڽڵģϣÿһλһ̣͹Ĺͷ絶һ״
ߺߣ첲ӣиļһˣ֪һܲܳԡ
漴ֻȥ
ߺǼ仹ڣ֪Ⲣһֻһֻޣȴһޣģ൱ڻؾߡ
һİе޼è¡
ǳƣΪȻ˸ϣʮûʲôΣա
ŸߺһЦݣͷмΪŭſһŭƬ
Ĵׯ˸Ǹеһļ£Ǹоɭ֮еػڷ

͵ߺȥͨпٶȣڸߺУȴڹûʲô
ߺż㣬зȥ׵ĸ߶ȣߺȻԼĽţݺݵȥ
һĶɣ쵽˿壬ߺµʱ򣬻ûֻ޵Դ޾ͱһŵˡ
ҲǸߺһ˿ǰɱЩ޵ʱ򣬸ߺģ»ὫЩ޴ࡣ
ΪһԣߺԹһˣȫʹǰҰ޾ͱպ࣬ͷɷĩˣûټ
ȥڣʡˡ
ûãߺͱߺβͣɭȥ
һһغܷʱ䣬ߺѾûжʱٴҰˣֻׯȥ
ոսׯʱ򣬸ߺȻое㲻Ծڻûƻ裬ƽӦкܶصĴš
ǣӷ·𶼾ĵģߺҵķȥ
صͷļ֮󣬷ͷҲûڼңҲûκˣӷ·һ㡣
Ѳɣ˺ӵߺš
޺ӵķȥӵǿ֮ģӵдֻȫսġ
޺ϵĺӵɱӣ޶
˺ӱߣԶԶĿȫ˶Χ۷׷ס
û£ߺһֵǣʲôȻȫ˹ۿ
Ⱥķȥ
ǰߺ˵ôˣôԵ޹ʵأѲϲ꣬ʼˣ
ŮĳҲƯҼһ룬ʮ֮һգҲЦѰ
ˣʮ֮һϱٷ֮һҾˣ

ܲҵģλֵ˵ߣ˱ݺݵһ١
ߺΣԼǰǱ˵ǵǷΪã
鷳һãߺں˵
е˶˸ߺĽ׷׻ͷŶԭ㿴кͬˣһȴǸƯŮӣ
֣⼸ģʲôָܻ񣬲ܶ٣ôем
ԣԸߺҲʮֵкøУȨĳΪ˴ڶˡ
е˶ߺóһ·øߺ߽ȥ
ոս뵽棬ξչڸߺǰ
һǵŮǰһֻһֻѩ׵С
Сʮֵ׺ôƯŮӣӰѳֲסҪ
ǣСȴǷĴУֻСʱСȻǿ
Щ˶֪ģǶ׷׵Ľ˽ϵ·ûǰ


397 ϵ
ʶȻߺߣĿŸߺԼİĶҪ͸Ƶġ
ߺǰİɫСǸŮˣҡҡͷʶƺǳϤ
ǰɫСͿߺˣ廯һɫ磬˲ڸߺߡ
ֻСٶе˴һûпٶء
ȻСΧŸߺתϵĶŸߺֱС
ֻСС󣬶Ǹɫˣι
СԭŸߺһֱǰУ;УȻιˣҵķܣС󲻵֮£֮ŪΡ
ǰеʱǸطҵսԸߺϢΪҵսʧˡ
С˳ź׷ȥǲ룬к֧ܶС´һһѰȥŵôʱ䡣
ھߺԽԽʱȻоߺϢŸߺؼҵͷ
֮Ϊˣԣ˾ȻԽۼԽ࣬ׯ˶Ů
ߺоСϤ֣ϾСĳȻڲܹСĴȴԸоСȸС
εϤУ֮֮ǰһۣټεлȪ飬еϤҲǺ֡
ʱκȻһ˹Ȼܣã˵ģ˭
ܣȻ˸ߺָŸߺ㣬㡭ʲôΪʲôһоôϤأ
һ£ȷˣ˵ȷʶģʲôϵдڿ졣
峤۾ͷ˵Ҳãʧ䵽ֵز϶ʶģŮӰɣǴ˭Ը޸Ůӣ
һͿԿŮƣ˻һÿһδӵˣ˵
ȥǼסɣǼҵĻʳҷҲ󣡡
Ҳз䣬ȥҼҰɣҼС
ȥҼң
ӱߣ˲ҳһ࣬ͬѼһ㡣
峤ʵڿȥˣȿȣǶסڣɣȥҼңŮ̧Ҽȥ
峤䣬˵ĶУŮȥ
ֻڻûпεʱڸߺԱߵСȻεߣ˫֮ͷų׹⣬ſļλŮ¶
˿ɣԼٿһͻΪСµߡ
Դˣ˵С󹥻ˣȴߺΣһ
ǸߺƴˣϿŻȪ飬С󲢲İڸߺҪԣСҲ֪
ôٴδӸߺʧǸߺϣ
Ӹոյο֪ߺļʧˣΪҲԴӱǵͷ­֮
ӦǵԵʣԸߺεļʧˡ
Сţߺļܻлָһ죬ʱιǲȱٵʵĴˡ
ǸߺʵСʵҲõӦ

û뵽Сһﻹͦĵ峤ЦǺǵ˵ţԸԱߵˣùһͷ㽫С󳹵׵
ϧͷˣСԴûκȤ
ϻǴϹⶼᱻһͷȥء
ȻֻûǾԲһֻͨĹϹޣԲмڹˡ
˵ͷٳԼǰСһצӣͿԽ֮ĵķѡ
СĿ⿴ߺдŵ
ߺȻС˵Ļˣе˼ߺεķȥ
˾Ŀ֮УΣС󲻵ûзԣڸߺ߱ȥ
˵ȷʶ˵Ҳ˵峤ε˵
⣬ɫһ԰ףҡ˼£ͷ˵ûѷİߺˡ
ϧһߺͲˡ
û취ˣֻŮӸŸߺˣڴ峤СǸߺһĳԲŻᱣߺ˵ġ
ͬԸߺһϤĸоҲпԻȪ飬Ǹߺ˫۾ʮֵϤ
Ϥˣܱİ˺һЩɡ
εôʧˣȫ֪ʵǶǰǳ˵飬ǲݵĳˡ
ȻֻС֪Сȴܿԣܹ͸ߺд
ߺȴʧԣûа취Сٴδﵽͨĵزûа취СĻ
ܾͱˡ
ߺȻᣬǸߺòޱȣ˧ˣεľɫȣҲʮֵ䣬һ𣬾ͬͯŮһ㣬ɷˡ
ԸߺιͲص壬Ըߺʮֵɡ
СڸߺĺһĽ棬Ϸɢˣе˶ȥ
ͷοԼŮ˼һԣҾԲʺ㣬ǷְɣңĲǻ
峤ǵĺ棬ѵɲŮòͻûʲôϵ
Ǹ˼ɣǲǣĲʺϣ
峤ҲںȰ˵ǣıһֱҲ֪鲻һǵģĵȰɡ

صңߺԼĴϣԼʰһ¶סǼ
ţߺƣ֮ʧ֮飬˵ʶòʲôġ
ΪҲʧˣֶǾ罻һЩ
Сֵƣû뵽ߺȻôãӦϽϵĻȪȡʵ֮á
뵽ߺļѾʧˣӦûа취Щ飬˸ߺܹ׼ȷ֪Ȫ鵽ʲôطСҲ㲻

ͬǺ۷ߣȻûôǿ󣬵Ҳһ˺ö౶
ԣͬߺһ㣬һ͸
ߺֻ޷ֿȻԼһ֣ʣȫָˡ
ͷβԵ̫죬ԸߺԼû͡
ϣŸߺͷһ˳
ʮֵĲģ˵ȥˣŮ֮ǺýֻǲСʱλˡ
õľͬһ㣬ҲôƲˡ
ͷ򸾽üͷչԼŮ߳±ǸģŮ
ͷ򸾶εĺøҲϾԼŮ߳
ڳԷʱͷź˵ȻҲʧˣһҲͬһ㣬֣ȻпһԶͽ޺òã
ʧȥΣһᣬһֽᣬĵͷӦǡ
͵ڳԶĸߺһֱۣ
ߺãԼԽоԽ¶ߺ²⣬˵Լ޵ġ⡱ɣ
θˣܾãԼкһϵߺԶߺһ


398 
󣬸ߺֻչΣǴСȥɭִԣǸߺְҵߺôܲȥأ
ξڼͷӣѧϰ֯첹ȵȡ
Ȼǰûиɹֻǣʧ֮󣬵ҲѧϰһʼٶȣǱ
ǣԽԽ֮ٶȻʮһ֯ĲȲһ֯
ң֯ĲԽԽãȻκ˵ĶҪá
ʮֵĿģȥԼҺпܳΪĸҲùֳ϶û¶ٵˡ
ڣпܡ
Ҫ˵ҲǺܸԣǰͷȥĻԼһ˺пбĿܡ
ȻͷļȽϺãǱϾëҲԽԽܴ࣬һֵҩǻҩˡ
ǣԴӸߺ֮ͷȥ棬ҲԲȥϾߺ͸ҵĶ㹻ǳԼˡ
ټϸߺʣµҰƤëһüǮȻȫȻԼģǣٸߺžָ֮һ롣
ͷҲȥˣ洬Ҳˣֻһƥÿ춼ȥϣҰ޵Ƥë
磬ʱ򣬿ڷųɶѵĲסˡ
ô£ѲƸˣͷͷ˵
ԴӸߺ֮ͷӿԣˣǣ֮Ҳ׵˲
ȻǵĿ겢Ρ
ε϶֮ĵһˣδʿ˭˲ǡ
ȥҲǸ취ҪϿԸһңǱһЩ˵Ҳʲô£
ͷڿϣҶ͵̴֮Уûȼરળ˼ڣ̾һ˵
ҲһˮͷǰЦ⣺ǲƸ񣬶֯Ĳ
ʲôͷһ̵̻䵽ֱϣԲ֪ĿСɽһĲ
˵֯ɣǰǲ٣ǼҲûнĶడͷԾ˵
΢ЦԱߵ޿ȥޣͬĵһ㣬ϻ۹ˣɣȻ˵ЩƸ񣬵ǣ㵣ĵҲᷢǸϽ취ɣ
šͷһ£Լ˵û˫ɣᱻ˵ϡ
ʹĳ˼̣ͷе̴Ͽȥ̻ȫ
ȥҴ峤һ취ɣ˵ţͷͼææĸ˳ȥ
ſڴոմԻĸߺһͷʨӣϾȻһͷܡ
ͷһҲʵ̫ǿ˰ɣʨܣϻҰʲô͵ĶҴģ
ȷЩ죬ԼԵĶϵһЩٹˣûԼԵúãǴ󲹰嶼Ӳ˺ܶࡣ
壬ȥʲôͷ󣬸ߺæк
ͷһ۸ߺŶˣû£ȥ峤һЩ飬㲻ˣ
˵ţ峤סȥ
ߺصӣͷӣôˣôôż
΢Цû˵οߺˣæѧϰһˮߺȥ
һλڵȴؼҵӣɷ֮꺮ů
ߺӹʱһ¶æֹסּӹˮ˵һллȻ˳ȥ
СһΣһֱ룬øߺָ䣬¡
ǣ˺üˣûȻ
ֻʵˣֻʵڵı⣬ĵزпǹصİ壡С뵽
ߺеʱС͸оˣǹǰ塣
еİ壬Ҳֻðˡ
ǣߺӣҪ壬ֱǲܵ顣
ֻ׶ĻþܹӳʱٲϵպΪһ۷׶ΣʱֻҪһߺͻƳˡ
ԸߺǸոͻƵ磬ҲȳصĻ
İȻǿ󣬵ѹƵֵزԲסгΪˣ
붯⣬СߺȥʹʵֻߺŲΪˣʱҲˡ
ƫƫԸΥСûжͷʹŴ峤ˡ
ޣ峤лҪ˵ͷûţЦ˵
һȥҪ֪ʲô飬Ȼͷôˡ
峤ϴŸߺȥҰƤ΢Ц˵ģ㳤ʵ̫ˣΪ˶ЩСһĵǣҴ㣬ף֪ԸԸ⣿
û˵ͨȥ
ͬ⣿ͷɻ
峤󣬹Цͷôò֪ô˵㣬Ůôأʹͬˣ
ģǾ̫ˣأͷתӣߺ
ߺƤˣֻǵĵ˵ͷֻеһ˿ɻԼǷ޵ˣ
Ҹ˵ףû˵
С˶εˣҰǴ峤ʲôⲻãƬƬҪ⣬ںˣ˾ȻˣԺô죿
ɹ٣ϲϲʱȻߺߣƤ˵
ߺֻǱ΢Цû˵ʲô
ţȻˣҪԼԼˣǸĸ֮ý֮ԣȫʧȥļ䣬ͷ㣬ͰΪ常ɣϷý
峤˵ߺľһȫƾ峤
ˣǿᣬһὫ˵Ұͷǰһ·ӣϾɼˣͲסһˣ

ڴ峤ļ֤£ߺͷΪ常Ȼĸˣ˸ߺá
һȫŪˣߺֽϻƤֻҰ⣬ȫĴ
ʱٲ֪йȥˣᵽ峤ǰߵλá
ߺеĴ񶼱Ͼ㵣Ͼλãû˿ȥ
峤ĶӣҲδ峤峤ߡ
峤ֻ˵㹻峤ʱϸλġ
ңһ飬ޣǷޣǣЩ˾Ȼ̽˵ӣ˵ǳףǲ֪ΣҾΪǷ޶ˣپһλ񣡡
峤վ˵ûʲôɣ
ڸߺεĽϣûϾ˼ұǡһԡ
ңߺȫһ˧磬ȫһŮ߽ϣ쾭壬û˵ʲôԵ
ڶһεĴ峤ţ峤ֱ鵭Ȼ˵һĵϢ


399 Ŭͻ
飬ߺ֪ԭίҲ֪峤ԼΪһεĴ峤Ϊû˸Լ
ߺѯʵĿԱߵ常ȥѯ֮ɫ
ͷҡҡԼͷʾԼҲ֪ߺæվ峤ְλǼϮ𣿡
峤ĻˣûκεĲˣתͷ΢ЦĶԸߺ˵
Ϯֻ˵˵ѣ峤ְǴǰֵˣϢһˣǸĶӣȴû
˵ţ峤濴ȥһҺʵˣڶŸߺ΢Ц
ߺʶǳϤʮֵʵԴе㲻⣬ġ
ȴʮֵҲ֪֪֮Լǵ峤ĲϣȻĸײϵ
ҽԺΪβ棬塣
ֻֻԴԸȤǰЩ꣬Ϊصػɽ˲ˣԱֹˡ
ҲĵѧҽֻߺȾƵʱ˵ԼԸѧϰҽһܹս
뷨ߺֻǱ΢Цʲôû˵
ǸߺûĴ峤֮λ峤ûʲôֻҪÿģʲôá
峤ҿְλˮɣҿĲʤΣߺ˵峤ӣˮĸʮֵĺá
ԣߺϴ峤֮λ
ʱˮȻ˵ĿУһ̤ϸ̨
еĴʮֵĽţ»ᱻѵȻˮѵ
Ҫ˵УѵߺĴлأߺǿһȭԴһͷҰĴڡ
˭̨ģ֪˴峤δ峤ûκʸ̨峤Ȼˮȵ
ˮûµ뿪ߵߺǰĸߺļ򣬿ɥ
ֵܣҾͰˣܴ峤֮λɣѾܹˣҲҪѧҽˣУѶ֣ôһģʱҡ
ţˮﲻĿʼ˵⼸ԭԴӸߺչֳԼĲǣ峤øߺδ峤
ǣ峤־ãһԼĶӲƽԴ㡰ƽˮѧԼ˳ɵҽˮδ峤
ǣˮÿÿҹҪҽ飬˵ѧϰֱֻȥء

ˮѾ˺ܶˡ
ݵˮߺҲȽΣǣ峤Ĳ뵱
峤
峤
ϵĴֱһӦȫںš
˺ˣңôˣߺ׵ĵڶ죬ǾͿʼʽߺΪһδ峤峤˻˵
Ŷ
һҲкӹˣߺЩĻǿУϣԸߺܹ峤ʮĵġ
ˣǵδ峤˻ûзݣ쿪ʼˮҸǷӣ峤˵⣬ʮֵĺá
ȿԲԼĶӣΪһô峤£峤԰ĵˡ
һ˵Բÿҽˮˣ߬߬ȭͷãڿʼҾʹңΪ峤һɵķӣҲøл峤ΪЩһУ
𡭡
·Ǻãװ޺֮󣬾ǵȫһδ峤ĳ֮ʱ

ӣߺոһյĴԣͷļΪԼƼ¡
ÿһŮӣ֮ǰ봩ԼƵļ¡
ߺÿĶһεС
һη״Ҷܽɭ̫֮Σˣƽ˲ҽȥֻȡ
֮ڣߺزһһȥ
ǣڶʱ򣬸ߺȵĻˣʮֵľһ㶼۵ˡ
ߺҲԽԽ࣬һΣֻܣһֻԳ
ֻʱߺԽԽ䣬ĵز
ͷ˶ҿֻΣøߺԽԽˣԸߺĸоҲԽԽ
·𲢲¸ߺϵĺ䣬෴һЩϲ
Сڸߺţ鵹ߺǡǡ෴񲻼ãͷ·ӡ
Щ쵽ôˣͷȻ˵⼸ߺһһ캮䡣
Ϊߺˣ峤ָߺӲûʲôף෴ƽ˲֪ôٱ
ΪߺƹһβĴ峤Ժ󣬴һ
Ȼ󣬴峤ģҲߺˡ
С뵽Ⱥ֪ʲô⼸ߺΪ
ҪˣСҲǿ³ġ
ߺȥɽϴԵʱͬʱСҲʧˣǸɱˣǽߺӡںһ졣Щϻġ
ߺںвϵպͬѾõˣͻȻ俴ˮԴһ㣬ԴԴϵա
ߺʱ򣬸о֮ʮֵ泩Ҳ飬ûи˵
Ӵ峤֪һЩ飬ƥﻳȵȴ
֪Ļ϶ᵱɱԼġ
һˣߺƢģǶƽˣ
ߺֻǵӦһû£常ȥЩƤǼϿЩæѰɣ
ߺ˵ȻǰǷˣ˼ΪкúõĸߺǷ
ţȥǰ˻ϲóֺ̳һ°ɣ飬ͷҲͬ⡣
ߺĬĬ߻Լķӣһű㿴ڿϣ룬·ء
ʺĲͷΪ˸ߺĻרġ
ߺϴӿΪߺһˮڸߺϡ
ߺոմ豭Ǳˮ̱˺豭ѿˡ
ôˣʵߺεҡҡͷ˵⼸ˣϢһ°ɣ
һ죺ʲôԼ𣿡
Щ죬ȻߺεĹϵ׼ȷĲ²Ǹߺûм֮ס
ߺЦһЦȻӣȥ
С뵽˿ҪͻƵʱˣҲԽԽˣҪӿŲˣ֪۷壬ܲ˵ļָ
ϣߺˮ˴һȻˮ˴ߺʵ̫ǿˣһ̳ȥˣȻûļ
Ҳ˳ǧ
ڶ죬ߺһûлɭԽԽ䣬һɹɺɭзɳ˵ǿѾɺˡ
Щľɱ񣬺̶Զ׼
Ļվſڣɭ
ͷҲǰ̾ٹǴ֮ˣҲǣôҪӣȻȥԣˣ
ߺͻƵĹؼʱ̣ȻǹˣڳԼĹЩҲԶ졣
֮Уߺ岻ϵĶëſĺߺȥ


400 
ߺϵƲϵģɽҰ˸ߺ֮ɢĺǱĶ
ֲﻹ˱ʯͷ˱Ƭɭֱ˱磬ϵƶǺγɵġ
ߺԼȭͷݺݵһȥһ˲Ӹߺϱ
ߺеһƬռ˲䱻סһȭͷ״ĺǸطγɣסеĶ
ߺһͷųһɺǺ뵽ĺ֮Уȭͷ״֮еκζ
ήĻľͺͺʯͷȫɵ̣ȻٵʧһʧӰ١
Ǹߺĸʴ֮ҲǸߺ֮ͷųġ
ģƬɭֶǣǸСɽӶȥе˶оױȵĺ䡣
ǾԼ嶼ҪˣⵥǺôȥĻǻᱻߺĺ̶
ߺĺǿ°ٶȵĺ䣬ЩͨĴܹܵ˵ġ
ɺԴӳεоһǺķԴ֮ܳ
Ȼ䣬ܵĺʧӰ٣ͻĺԭеĺʧӰ١
ȫɭֵĶȥɭֿʼᶳЩѸٵʧȻ󻯳ɺɭ֮Уͬɭֱһ㡣
Щᣬľۼȥ
ģǸߺ֮أ忪ʼЩеΪϵ
䡭
еĺߺյһɶʱ򣬸ߺںȻһߺ˫Ӹߺֱ
ϵĺ˲ɱ飬ȥǺûгʣֻ̫֮һλϣʧûټ
ҲǸߺ̫ǵ磬ƾߺֻĿ⣬ܽһ̫ɺ
һߺȻŭ״Ӹߺ³ĵطȻб˪档
ߺȻסԼͷ­ֺݺݵץȥ˿˿Ѫ˳ָʹ
һߺֹͣ裬ڵϣںſͷϵ˿ѪԶԶûиߺԺʹ
ߺֱӣһȳһյׯȥСڸߺ󲻶ϵ̾Ϣ
ʵ۷ûðǳ߷İ壬龳ȫûеֿأ
ߺʵʱеҪõ֮еǰոߺ˼еġ
ǣڸߺˣûлָԺִʧˡ
ߺǵɭȥСں棬Ȼûгɹøߺָ䣬ȴС󿴵һ˿ϣ
٣ոлָϣƽʱ򣬸ߺû¹ͷʹ
ͷʹΪҪָ䣬ǣߺûа취ͻƣڸߺͷ֮зս¸ߺޱȵͷʹ

ߺȥʱѾǵڶˣȻʮֵºֱͣͬһ㡣
ߺæҵķȥҪԼļʲôûС
صҸߺŷԼҺûʲô顣
ͷţߺ·ŵƽʣÿ˶ڸߺļаæں棬˵֮ǰ죬ɲܺӼ档
ߺ춼ɽ϶ȹģͻƾ磬Ҳûа취
ߺͷŸߺһСӣʲôȥˣϲˣףͷôˣ
ߺѾ˿ڣ΢΢һЦû£һͷץˣ
㲻ػɽ˰ɣȻúޱȣȻֺȻͬһ㣬ﶼ˵ػɽˣͷڸߺԱĵ˵
ߺɫһ䣬ԼӦԼϵŪġ
УǲͻƣԼϷʲôǵʲôˣԲŻͷų
Լɭ֮еߺĿ
ߺɫˣΪߺأͷæοߺˣûû£ػɽҲΪǺãںˣǼװ
л񣡸л񡣡ͷ߶һ䡣
½е˶ŷ
ߵУ˼Ϊǿʵ
ǣЩƽУǾһʵڵ
ŷ񣬻ŷ
Զڤ룬ǳʥأǺɫɽʥɽжʥַġ
ǰĺӣ޺ӣഫĸǰҵġ

ߺͷеΪߺʧȥ䣬ԣͷ¸ߺ֪»鶴Щʲôռһ֪ʶ
˶˵֪ʶ治١
ǱߣͷӸ
ҹﶼǴϰףογɻδ峤ˡ
ϯ֮ϣûоߺƣͷһϣɲܺȾƵģõڶʱ
һǣҶ֪ߺľǧ˭ᴦǸùͷҸߺȾƣŹ֡
ߺ£Ҳ˯ȥˣһ첻ɵʱ򣬵ȵڶ죬ҲŻῴɵЦء

ڶ죬ߺͱͷˣߺͲôҪ֪ߺǺߣʹ겻˯Ҳûʲô
һЩɫĳۣǰ컨ŵźɫѥӣһ𣬼ϸߺ˧Ȼӣһꡣ
ߺϸͷ̧Žӣߺ¼ȥ
Ҿͷļ̫ˣԸɴΧŴתһȦȻͷȥ
һжչأϻΣߺļ̧ȥ
ߺһжԺģ֪ԼôԼ֮ϡ
ķҲǿˣʱ򣬴峤䵱˾ǣվ֮С
λ죬ǵġ
ô໰ߺҪֻǲͷȥ
ڵһޣԸǰģԶᱳѶԷԸһһһ𣿡
ߺͬԸ⣡
ãǰļ֤£ǽΪ򸾣峤˵
Ȼӹͷ򸾽常ĸԹԵȥһɩӣˡ
ɽ֮еĻ񣬲Ǻܸӣôļ򵥡
֮ߺеһӵǰȻһ˩סһƻ˫ҧȥ
ߺٶȴ֪ģ˲ҧ˿УҲ
ǺȽưɣˮקźһε˵
ߺ飬ȻԼˡ
ˮļ֮£һøߺ˺ȿ˽ƣ漴ǸʽĺȾƷ
ߺԣˣ̫ǿ׶Щ޷Ĵڡ
εľͲһЩˣޣûڼʧˣҲɢ
βʤ˫ս죬֮ЪϢȥˡ


401 峤
ϣߺˣΪƣΪģνƲǸߺĴ֮գȻǳ׵ˡ
СԱſţǸߺ谮ĳԱ˴컨
˳ԼϹҵĴ컨ЩΣⶼʲô°˾Ȼˣˣǲǳˣ
Ҫǳ˵Ļѵʱ򣬸ߺӦý߾ľѵֻΪһöȪ飿
ЩСܹƵˣѾڰˣûصˡ
˵ˣһͻȻָ䣬⵹˵ˡ
ǣǣûͻưһ˼ߵİ塣

ϣߺĻ鷿֮ڣμƣǣߺħ֮˧ˣں챻ҵϢӡ
£˵罺Ĳһ˼ൽ˵ڶ죬ߺſϰݡ
ڽϵʱ򣬸ߺоεڣӿһ˿˿뵽֮С
ȻǺڸߺڵĺ˵ȸ΢ǣߺ֮еĺΪһʱ
ߺȴãԼ֮еĺȻ֮䳤һأӿ
ʱߺ۷壬Ҳֻǽһ£û̫⣬æιɽˡ
ͬʱҲøߺУһɺԼԸߺޱȵĳԣǺ뵽Լ֮УȻоޱȵ泩
ʱʱ޵Ȼ˺ܶ࣬ڣҪͻԼͷ֮һͷԼǰŵĽָ
Լؿǰ궯ƽ·ʲôҪһ㡣

һߺ˷ûл˯ȵģ𴲡
ξӵΣʰá
ߺûгȥԣǸߺҪδ峤ӣûгȥԵıҪˡ
СһֱߺߣڸߺҲˡ
һҹﲻͣȻЩûһüͣĶУȴͬһ㡣
һϣûа취˯۵
ߺ壬һϣȴ˲٣УԽԽӽˣʮֵĺ档
ǲ飬ҲܹΪɡ
ϧЩҹǷͲθڣοڻڣûгꡣ
ߺĴöˣûصĴԼǼδ峤Ĵӣο滹Ρ
ո𴲵ʱξʹӼױ֮óһ·ϵĲͬ·ͷ˿ɵۡ
̸ַߺ·ɫ˿Լͷһ𣬽ŵɫѥӣϵһɫĴӡ
ԵþӣʰȻ
ڸߺĻУķԸŸߺʲôߺ˫ַεޣĻס˵
ˣ飬һӦģҪ㣬ոձһϣ϶ƣ˰ɣߺ˵
Ȼߺı֪ܵߺˣеĹģ©ıοУ˹Լε쳣ۡ
㡭ߺĻβŸߺĴ
˻ڲʱʹ磬ҵȥԷأ
ߺشת˵һ߰ɣûȥݼ常ĸأ
ɫߺĵ˵ͷŸߺֱۣͷȥ
Կó·ʱ򣬺ܲ㡣
ߺһۣ¶һ˿΢Цӣ𣬵˵ͺˣ
ںߣԼԴߺĻС

ǡˡͷߺǴкģǣǰһĻȴûа취кˡ
Ϊߺڱζ΢Цأ常磡ޣ常к
ߺηŵϣĶ˵
ɫߺ죬ͷʩһ񣺡ϱݼ常
ŶŶŶŶɣɣͷæ˵Ȼ˽ݡ
мϵôȥˣҲʲôŴ󻧣ûô
һȥȥһδ峤ĽΰɣڷϣͷеĿӣ΢ЦĶԸߺ˵
ߺ˵ͷվãھ߰ɣ
Ա𣿡ͷ˵ƽߺԷǲԷһʹһͷţҲߺԵġ
ͷ֣ôʳԽȥߺôһ仯ûС
֪ΪĸߺԼθӵǿոսӣͱ
γԵĶҲǺ٣Ӳûȥ
ߺͷ󣬽ԶУҲ
涨δŮӣڻǰȥá
ׯýڴӵģǽԺһ˸ûа취ȥ
Χǽ׵ĸ߶ȣСԼһǧƽף㹻վˡ
ߺʱһж׼ͣˣͲߺһˡ
е˸ߺóһ·ͨǰ档
ߺǰ棬峤һڷиֶ⣬һ󲿷ֶǸߺġ
ңµ˽⣬ҶʮֵϤˣҺʵʵǿ󣬸Ǵϻ˫ţĴ£ҵҸã
峤ʼҽǰ峤֮λڸߺҿ飡
㿴ңҿ㣬ҡҡͷûС
ãӽտʼǵĴ峤ˣ£
ߺ˫һǰ峤ƿŲһӣһصչǵǰ
˵ĵ񣬴üۣţͷɢһ˫۾ŭĿӡ
峤Ǹȡһ
ǴģǴ峤ƾ֤ȴûܹ֣ҪӴİοΪΣ𣿡
ߺ˵ͷǸ֮УоһʮϤĸо
ǺӲ֪ʲôʵģʮֵǿָоֻһ˲ţûгֹһ㡣
ߺҡͷת´Ϊ峤ĵһҲ˺þõ뷨
Ӽɴѡǿ׳ӣһҪʮˣɴӣ治ӵǿȵšƽʱӶҪҽɭԣԼһԼ
ߺո˵꣬һӦǰֺôٵңˮԸһμӣ
ţһ׳СӣӴ֮߳׷״Ըμӡ
Щ˶ػ־򣬲ԸԶĵ㣬ˣҪԼȵξΪһ
ֲûУ峤ֵܣȥϲξսӢɱУΪһ졣
ֻ˵⣬峤·ԸҲԸԼĵܵߡ


402 ꣬
ɭˮԼӲ׼һֻͻȻѸٵ乭ǸոѸٵķųȥ
ಣ
֧ɿҶͻȥһУֻͻͷ­뵽ͻüλá
úãΪǵĸӳߺεĵط˳޵
ˮһЦǣҲˮͽܣ׼һ޶ɣ
ߺ˵ͷˮȻ֣ԼոսļȻͿˡ
ʦʦﶼˣôûнСʦ£ﶼأĺӣһ㽵ˣСʦȴˣûж
ڸߺˮﲻͣ߶
ߺҲ̧ͷ̾԰ˣʱĿ찡

ν֮󣬾ߺڲ֣һ꣬α㻳ˣǣһˣûеºӣʱĻҲоŰپʮˡ
֮УߺΪտں󽻺֮֮еĺȻ
ߺæܳȥ죬ߺûѡ򣬾Ȼڤ֮гȥ
ţڤ֮оͱ캮һƬɽˡ
СҲæ˳ȥӣȼֻﶼܵ˸ߺߣʲô֮ˣڤ롣
ƣǵȻЩͼĳߣԶԶĸϲϡ
ңһʼǺ龳ϢȻ𽥵ߵϢת
ǸߺͻƳ硣
һƬ죬ƯڸߺϿգĺðͬʱߺԽԽ䣬ԼĹȻڼı仯
ͷתѩ׵ɫͷ֮ϵһƬ֮ͫУ򽥽ΣΪһƬѩ״
ѩ״ɢ⣬ǱѩҫĵطһѪɫɽǣΪһɽ
Ǳɽͷų޵İ׹⣬âɣڤҫͬ硣
еĴ񶼳ۿ޺ǰ׷׹£˵ˡ
һƬƬѪɫɽɺɽڤ˱
ߺɢɫ۵Ĺâǲ֮⣬Ǳ֮ҫϵĶ˺
ʱĸߺ·ָ˼䣬˫֮ųǵĺ䣬ŭɫͷ޷ƮڿС
ʲôҾȻɻˣɶ񣬾Ȼôʱ䣬ǷҵģҪѪծѪ
ߺ쳤Ӹߺгг֮µĶﶼ֮󣬶˱
ʩȵĹûУ֮е֮ͱȥʹǺ۷Ķ֮Уû˿ء
ӵǿĶ׷˳Զ𾪵ĿŸߺոͻƣʵʵ
ߺͷųȻǸовⲻò˵ߺȷǿ
ߺԼȭͷһȭգ֮һ֣ߺˡ
ߺȴɺ棬Ȼ󲻶ϵĶǷֽ
֮ңߺɫһ䣬Ȼ˵
ǰѸڷĺȻǴֻһ壬Ȼ󣬺ϵ飬ǷҲŸߺĺѿˡ
ǣǷֺżǿһָȻĺˣߺĺҲźˣٴοʼ飬ȴϴ˲٣
ʮι󣬸ߺͷųľ飬档
ˣӵȶＤ֣ǵûа취Է˿Ӱ죬·ڷǰûһ㡣
ǣߺӰ벽ȴܹĺۼҲ˵ָðȼǿ޹򣬲ܹƵķ֡
Ƿ׷Ҫߺٴʩչǲ룬ߺȴƤһȻȥҿСסˡ
С󽫸ߺڵ˵һ£Ϊߺ뵽֮󣬸ߺĻָˡ
ǣڻ㲻ֻܹȸߺ֮󣬲ܹжϡ
һߺ۽вǳŵĺ䣬ԭı顣
⣬С֪취ʧˣߺûлָ
ߺǿһܣС磬ʲôط
ǸߺС֣ʧˣƷζûʲô仯һСֿͷġ
Сûа취³ԣֻؼ˵ϣߺõ
ߺгСʱʲôϣˣǣֶ־ȼա
Ŷڤ룿ʲôطôʥɽأֻʥɽǺɫģȴһƬɽߺСһ˵
СһסˣߺҲסˣҲ٣ʲôô˵
СƳ˸ߺһۣεĽ˼ߺ׵ĵ˵ͷԭͻ˵ֻҵļʧˣ𣿡
˵ģҪǶﻹһѡأߺһ˵
㿴жı񣬺񰡣͸һ
ԱߵӵȶƤֱǾģǱСӱɱˡ
ףӾȻô󣬲֪ô÷ʰ᲻尡ۡ˭ϵȥ
ߺһĿʼܵĶԽԽƵСһ±󣬽ߺڿУؼģ
ߺոߣֻȥЩ䣬Сã׽һֻ۷ĶʲôЧ
ӦʧӰ٣ȵʱ򣬵һġ
׽ģǱ񣡡εĺ
۾һɣ̲ߺˣƳһۣǻģոս뵽˱񣡡
⺮ðŰ׹⣬ô򵥵ĶֻΪǵ̫ǿˣɵӰŲǺܴ󣡡

û뵽ߺһǹб꣬ҲҿߺʱǺߡ
ߵΪԽߣԽӣߺΪߣٹ꣬ʮ궼ûпλˡ
ߵȼԽߣеκζһĻԷеļʴСĿ
ǳߣڰɼĴڣеһѪӴͨ˵õˣȥᱻڵű
ԣһиǿ˺ӣ䱦ƽ˻Ҫ谮
ҲһЩдߣǲһӣΪΪΪ
Ȼеĸǿ߶
һб࣬Ӷû
ΪƽθеĺӣһסˣᱻΪ֮ס
ҿеϣǸߺͻƵʱʥɽ֮дŰ׹⣬ǸΪʥɽ飬ΪߺĺĶ͡
ƽ֮£Ϊƽ֮ˡ
εС¡ʮֵʱ䵽ڣεСѾ¡ܸߣߺӣҪˡ
صׯ֮ڸߺͻƵ˳磬ܶ๦ȻԺðԸߺˮΪ˵ӡ
Ӵ֮ˮǴԶӳλڸߺ֮¡


403 Ұ
ʦʲôʱ򽻸ľļߺˮһǰһôţˮʮֵĴӱ
ѧ䣬ҲӦǺ龳ߣ١
С߸ߺˮӵкһʣҲˮʣԣߺָܹĻ԰ʱ졣
Ȼ֪Ǻǻǰ·һЩ
ߺ־磬ѾǶﶼһЩӦ÷ǴڵģǱҪġ
ûǿ֣֮˭ףˮֻˮӵйԣҲӵ͡
ߺһ׽ʱС󾪴ˣΪߺѾָˣǣߺֻĸѡ
ߺȻǳ磬ֻҪͷûб׵ơ
ͻƳߺԼصĺܺãһ㲨ûУͬһƽһ㡣
Ҳһƽһ޶ˣǸһȭԴţһſɽ֪çͯˡ
ʼԼڵĸߺʮֵͨȾƻҲۡǱǰõľǣһֺü
ܶĹ֮һʹùõĹˡ
֮󣬼ʹߺûǿҲǺѣ֮Уǿ
ڸߺӣͨ˽׸߼͵ڻˡ
ڵĸߺ۾Ҳܹ䵽޺׼ȷɱһ㣬ļ
ˮ֪ߺƽѵԼѾѵһصľˡ
һְֵĽѵܲŹء
ߺˮһֱߣһ;ķ羰Сڸߺ𣺡ˣҸоھһһ
˻ߺȻ΢Ц˵ԱߵˮͻȻߺĻûоȣߺྭӡ
ԣøߺɵǶһֲѡ
˵ţߺǰ߹һ񣬿ųͷӦǸոմӴ֮гġ
ˣ磡ߺĴкʮֵ֣һҲǼ
Сʱģ˵
ߺȴôΪΪ˵ԼС
ŶŶ峤ãʲôطȥˣôûû裬ҲûżӴЦ
ߺ΢Ц˵ֺ˵Сϱˣ֪ǹ޶
ӲΪȻʲôǲһǹ峤˭û
Ǻǣ˼˵ĺܶ԰Сͽɽԣջ٣Щ͸ɣ˵ţߺˮı¨óһֻӵݹȥ
ô˼أ峤е㲻˼ˡ
ߺҡҡͷûʲôֻһֻӶѣҲո͵ɣ
˵ţߺӲ˹ȥ⼸꣬ߺô
Ҳ֪ˣߺˮΪͽˮļҲǶԴ峤һЩرɡ
ƴǲߺԽˣŸߺлһ
ǰǵ֮󣬽ЩӴֿ֮󣬷ָ񣬵ԴӸߺͻƺ龳֮󣬷һЩС
ҲˣǸԵһͨˣǢһ
ߺ֮ǺϢҲʧˣں䣬˵£ҲƽĿռһ޶
˶ӣߺˮȥ֮󣬱㽫еȥһݡ
ȵصߺҵʱнʣˣǸߺǿҲµġ
ߣһңͿԻȥˣ˵ţߺͷȥǸߺÿαرġ
ڵͷҲʮֵĿԣǰߺȥĶС׬һʡ
ȻǮƲԼȫҪˣߺƽˡ
ߺȥߵǰţ֨ѽѽľŴ򿪣СɿɰԴ̽
磬СˮСˮйùãԴӸߺˮΪͽҲӦĽ
ˮεĿߺߺҡҡͷСҪˣ常ĸڲڣ
أɣÿһ·ߺֻͷǴӸߺȥ֮󣬾һֱȥΡ
ԭģ˵̫ˣ¶ԺӲãԽˡ
͹˰ͷ˵ͷȻԵøӵĸ̬ˣҲ˥˺ܶࡣ
·ǰЩĵľϵ˺ۣһ±ˡ
ߺʣµֻ͵˸ߺǰǸߺͷǷݡ
常ע壡󣬸ߺбϦܺðܺð

ͷҳߺԼǷݣˮȥˡ
ԼͽܣߺȻԼֻϻߺУȴƽƽһֻҰӡ
ߺصͦŴӵӭȥߺ⣬æеĶӵ£Ҳӭȥ
ηã˵ôˣװģôĶ˵ǵСɲã
Ҹıߺţǵûһ˿仯ɵĵߵ
ֻħһȴӷ˳ڸߺϣŸߺᡣ
ߺһУоʮֵ㣬˵İûʱƣ٣෴ԽԽమԽԽ١
ͷ·һһ㣬Ӧһ
ߺε˳磬˺ܺõںϵһ
ԹԵĴڼһԼ˴峤Ҫȥӱߵ㣡ߺ˵
˳ĵ˵ͷû˵ʲôߺ뿪ε壬Լĸȥ
鷳ĸ鷳չ޶ˣ˵ţߺóһֻͣǸߺרõġ
ֻЦЦ˵һûϵߺԴӻУ·˶뵽档
֮ǰׯ룬ӵԵÿԵøദ
ߺһ֧ͣ˳ȥ
ԶƢԶûзʲôı䡣

ߺӱߣʱǻƻ裬һҶںоƮںˮС
С֮ϣһĺˣгһ֧ͣѾƮˮˡ
ߺС̸֪Լǳˣǻ䲻ǰ飬ԣԼ׵һͨˣԼָλá
ΣԼˣƣĵԼһͨˣÿһ͡
ĻСۣˮģǸСʻȥ
Ǹԣе£ߺסһȴϹ
С֮УǴ峤С˳ֱ£뿪ׯ
ôļĺˮܹ𣿡ߺ˵
峤ڶһֱ΢Цţгһߣ˵㶼ûԹô֪ܳɹأ
֮еǿӦһָԼļɣΪʲôҪȣߺȻ˵


404 
ô֪ʧȥ䣬ȫںϵ棬һ»ǻأ˵Ҫģأ
ϴ峤Ȼһɲ΢ЦеͺȻһȻ۾
ţϹأ˵ţϴ峤еһ߱һ
㲻Ǻܴϴ峤˵֮ǰҲܵȫڿ֮иоˣ
ǺǣûˮдţôܱҵܵȫĿأ˵ҪֵĿ֮ǰˮУûˮУ̸ֺˮأ
˵ţϴ峤һţ䵽ˮУŵԶȥ
˵δһ£ʧ˵Ҳһδһ£
ϴ峤˵֮󣬾ҡҷŴ򰶱߻ȥ
ߺ˼ϼһƺָأ˵Щʲô˼
ո˵⣬еͺȻһߺ˾񣺡ţϹˣ޶ʵˣϼһ˵ʲôӦ⣬һѡأ
ߺеˣһѾҪɽϦ΢Ц˵ţҸûؼˣȻĻ޶븹еĺ͸ðˣ
˵ţҡҷеĴҲϴ峤Ĵ򰶱ȥ
ҿߵĲ̫ԶԺܿ͵˰ߡ
ߺʱɫѾȫĺˣҲѾؼˣϾлҪء
ڷҨˮﵹء
ߺæǰȥηסȻĹһСɵı
㰡ôСģŤô죿ҽһ㣬Ϊһ˵ţߺ㽫ŵο
κǺǺһЦҵ๫
ߺãȻصУ±㽫ëˣȻ󣬰ӵƤˣʼ˷

һһʳ¯ˣߺһߵĹҲˡ
ӵ⣬˶˵ܳԣи֮󣬻죬Ҳ졣
ԣߺǷڻ濾ģ׼Լԡ
ʳӣ˾ϸϸƷ
ǰ۹ĹȻͬƽǰ㣬ûг࣬һγϰˣʧˣϰҲᱣġ
ߺԭƢǶʳ൵ģǣԴΪ֮㲻ôĶˡ
죬ҾͿʼСˮļߺһƷſ⣬һߵ˵
ǺܺðСˮĽܿ죬ȵѧļԴɽˣĳһĵ˵ͷ
࣬շһֱǸߺĹһʼʣѾζˡ
ߺҲ˵ͷ΢ЦſεĶӣ޶ҵĺ滹ʵ𣿡
ɵƤˣһһкӣҶ泤ң

һҹ޻ߺڶԸˮȵ֮󣬱ȥӱߣҪڸˮļ
ˮ˵ĲĵȥæӦ
ڶ쿪ʼߺںӱߴʱ͵ȴˮԼļ
ȵϣԼԣܳԣ
ʱһĹȥˣԼ֮žڱ˴ˡ

𣬸ߺոˮ˵ϺȻ˺ܶٱҪߺ
׻˵ٶԻǺԸٵģοֹٱˡ
߻ʵԶֻ֪򳤾ģʹǷʲôҲû˸ҳͷû˸˵ǡ
Ϊû˸ǵʺĵطҲû˿εǡ
ǣߺûгȥˣԼжˣߺļҶΧʵʵġ
ǰ棬һԼʮӣǳһ˫۾Сӳڱ棬ϵӡ
˵طĴ峤𣿡ǸС˵
ߺ⣬ĵ˵ͷϹһ˿˿ǳЦҾĴ峤ǣ
ߺһֱôΪġ
ޣӵҲ˿Դģǲ֪ԼݣСӲм˵
ߺ˵ͷû˵ʲô
Сӿһ¸ߺа룺õϧ棬ʹ峤ҲûʲôϢ
ģ۹սʮֵļңԣսѾ۽ˣ۹ı¾һҪ¶Է۹
ǴжжһɣҪȫߡ
ߺϵЦݱʮֵ˳ȴԽԽ䣺Ǵжȫߣҿ쿪ˣ
˵ʲôôĵӣǶɣСһ¼ˣɱԽԽʢ
ˮߵԼߺԣС˵ʦǴ峤
ʱκȻ˳˵磬λ˿ҲȱǮˣТһǮԣ
ţεһɲǣСӵȻˣԵζԸߺ˵Сӣ㲻ǲԼʹһξֻҪ㽫еŮ͸ңͿˣ
ЩʿЦţһ߷СӣǴ˵۹ߣ
Ǵ˵ãƧֻɫ

ЩʿҲĽߺа룬СܽûŪУʱԼҲ
ߺ˫һ룡
ȥξɣǰȱˣ㲻뷴۹ɣʱҾͽǵĴӽ𣡡СԴǵ˵
ɶʦԸǰѣ˵ţˮ乭׼ǸСӣ
ôĵӣ﷢ΧʿĴɱǸСӣ滳ѷˣҴȥСӿٵĺˣ˵Щʿ󷢲
ߺһ£˺񣡡
СЦֻҪˣҾͲΪѴô
ߺ˶סˣһ¿˳кᣬϵҡͷҪ磬Ҫ
ߺͷ˿ԼӶӵĺӣתͷЩ񷿣治ϴʿ
֪Լǧ֮ȴȲЩˣĻһᱻ
ЩĶ
ѵҪɥڴˣߺ쳤̾
ڸߺı󲻶ϵҡͷ૵ҪҪô롭вϵŸߺ䡣
ߺԷǳٶȣˮļ֮Уóһ֧׼Լĺ
κ¼ˣȻڹȵıˣһ˹ȥ
ͽܣ֮չ˺ʦ׷ᣬ̸СʦܣߺתͷԸ
ˮһץסߺе֧ʦ𣬲Ҫô룬ǲŹǵġ
֪ҲھͻˣΪ峤

һǸһһǾͽǸǴô˶ҴûҾͳи⻹ͷһأСӶź˷Ը


405 ָ
ߺĶһС˵Ļɫ̱ĿСӣϳɱ
ո˵ʲôߺȫһɺǹɺŰķֻûô䣬еɪɪ
ڴ⣬һˣ۾ȻԲһ֣
㻯һӰӣʧϣߺ߷ɱ
˲Сӵĺ棬˵򳤣ʲôˣ
Сߵ̸ɫ䣬ɥ˵
ˣ֪˷СӲӱۣҪıɱңǴ治֮ﰡ
˵ţСӽոյͼӴ׵˵һ顣
˲ûκεı飬һӣ룡
ǸСӱ浹ɳȥһҪǱЩµĻ
壡ǣˮȻǱ߾
˽ж壬ҲӦˮȥ΢΢𣺡ŶԭСˮ
ߺЩ죺ʶ
ҵĶ壬ǰЩ꣬ȥΪһǵĴ󽫾㡱ˮŹȥ˵
ֻһЦм˵㸸׵ֻҸһ֮˶ѣʲôʸҽж壡꣬׽峤֮λ磬ȻӣǷ̣һ֮£Ӿڰ˽λڣΪΪ⣬ɣ
ʹõ̫Сһ˹Ѿæߡ
ˣˣ㿴ǱŵǸŮӣұ뽫ТģСָŸߺε
εһɲǣ۾һڳǳ֮ô꣬δòŮӡ
ǵߵòһļͬĽȻУ˵ʣȻ۾һ˲˲Ŀ
һˣû뵽νҵôõС˾ҵˣ
˵ţϱǿƣȻǻصľ硣
û뵽ССĳǳأȻлؾΪ۹ȻΪǶҾ붫춼ܽ
ǣһиߺ֪ߺðźȻɢҲ֮
ϵƣߺϵĺʱ򣬼˲ͱߺϵĺͬˣתɸߺĺ
⣬ôܣҵƾȻûã㵽˭𾪵ĿŸߺ
ʱ򣬴峤ӰȻڲԶĿ㣺ãСܣڿϻˣ
ڳˣܳʱˣôҶϣܹɱ㣬һѩǰܣЦ
˶ûעСʱСȻεߣſһҧָϵĴָҧ
ȻСѸٵĽָ͵ߺУӸߺ
ˣǧ࣬Ϊ˵ֻҪһѰһöеĻɫ飬ֻҪУеһж֪ˣ
ߺûָСεĸ˵ǣߺȴͬô޻̸֮ҲţԼԼǳС
ǣԼϣеûָ˵ˡ
ˣ߰ɣԺҪٻصˣ˵ҲΪ㣬ҲǵˣΣ
ǾҪʵˣǸŮ͸ңұ㲻ׯ鷳˵ʵһӵı˵ֻһڵ飡ôһ£һŮ˻һӣٶ˵˵ȫаһ
ҡҡͷͶԼô𣿿㻹ǲװ
ߣԸͷӣõң㲻Ϊô㡾ְһ£еʿὫǵĴׯȼմ
˵ţоУһֻҪҽΧܵʿͻͷŻ
ңҸұ֤ʱҪʱˮеļ׼㡣
ֻһЦǲأĶӵһĺأ
ߣ˲еļҲ˳ȥ
֧ǰеģֻ漴ת䣬˹ȥ
һһӣ֧УһۣͳΪڡ
ʲôȻôԼģϻһЩõĹ˵ţеĶϼĲϴȥ
ˣ־磬ýˣʱһֺֻȻǶϼǰǶϼȻ޷
־ͬһӲƾôʹһ˿嶼ûС
㣬ѵĿԿŴܵ˺ڣӵĴ峤㲻ܣǾˣ
ߺͻȻԱߴˣֻ֮ͬǰ䣬ƽһϹһ˿ܰЦݡ
˿ΣЩӡ
û뵽û뵽Ȼչֵزʼδ飡ߺε˵һ䣬쿪Լƣһöɫıڸߺг֡
ǰС˵ĻˣȪεĽָ֮˳ϵƲϵıǿ
СԣЩҪ˵꣬ߺʧˣٳֵʱڤ֮⡣
ߺһɲǾʧˣɫ䣬ոոߺĶһ˿ûп壬֪Լϴ鷳ˡ
ȻαȥҪȻӶݡ
ʱˣû뵽ɫĲģȻΡ
ϧ˸ߺߵʱһ仰СȻεߣŭ𣬹ը״Ŀб
СѸٵһ㳤ʮɶĸ߶ȣ㡣
˶ɵˣ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ҳ˲侪ˣȻ̧ͷСȥ
һֱС죬Ȼ֪ΪʲôˣΪûСׯ֮ǰСһֱġ
ôȥɣСιΪСǰǶء
СȥСмڹˣǣεƿҪϵʱСȻʶá
αӵǿΪ۷壬ǰЩ꣬ߺĽϣеѾ޵Ľӽˣ˵ǰ벽ҲΪ档
˵ڵܹڵذھŽ֮Уǰé
ڸߺǾͲ֪ˣڵľ羭ĥ£Ѿ뵽һʮĵزˡ
ߺڵļѾȫָˣǸոǻȪһɲǣߺļͻָˡ
һɺͬһһ㣬УֱţǸߺѹסǹɺ˶Ҫڷ
ΣҲñһֻϵ佩
ϾȪͼǵ۹ıһöһСׯ


406 
ߺǷһĽڤ룬ֻԼͻƲŻὫܵӰ콵С
ڸոսӴȪʱ򣬸ߺļķӡǱɷ顣
֮еҲ·ԼΪͿҪͻơ
⻹ҪģҪǣߺԼİ벽壬ͲһɣǣһȴһĶڲƽ
ߺͻƵʮɵı⣬ҲӦˡ
ߺûнȥϾͱǿƣĶ۷嶯ʮֵϤϴƽһΣƬڤ
βǹϢֽˣһָΪǿ̬ġ
Щﺦ¼ˣ׷׵ԶӴܶȥһ֮ԶӰӳǡ
˶־ڤ룬ôСӿȴһõͻ֮أεĿ
е㻹ǱˣٹһЩӣԸκһǶûеֿ֮ˣ
վø߿ԶأذɣһЩӣΣǾȫСӵĶˣû뵽ȥСӵľֿµĵز
ǰ֮ǰУɱأڣˣ
ǻûл쵽ôҵĵزɣ
ǾҪСӾ˺־磬пܣڤ붼ҪƾСӺˣ֮
ģȥ˵вУ뵱Ǿ׳뵽Ǹطڻأ

ֻ죬ߺȴＱٵͻԼΪ

ߺʧȥ䣬֮ǰΪȴҲӦ־磬ԸߺľʮֵĿ졣
¶һ˿΢Ц֮ϵëϸ׶򿪣öȪĺ
⻻ȪĺȪ֮۵ĺ֪˶ٱˣߺϴǻȪ֮۵ĺܹȫѹ
ŸߺյԽԽ࣬ȪĺҲڿʼͷųԼͬĻȪ֮һ㡣
ÿһαĺҪ֮ǰĺȪҲԣÿαߺãȪͷųĺϺܶ౶Ҳ޷Ƚϡ
ȻҿڸߺΪʮֵǿҪĺҪи
ڶãԼ֮еЩĺ̶ȣѾ㲻Լˡ
ԼҪ֮ϰٱǧĺԼڵĺȥ
ֲǸͷ˵˵Ӧʧأߺвϵĸ̾ϴ峤Ǹϼһ˵Ĳûд
ʲôг
һ׵ľ硣
ԣۺ߶ôǿԳߣҲ
ϴһӣܹԼΪһ£ߺҲǶ֡
οʱĸߺѾ˰벽壬һǲԵİ벽壬ͲӦġ
˵øߺԸĻߺܹ赭д֮Уɱ
ͬʱߺҲԼΪʲôΪô죬ܹôĽˡ
ʲôгضҪ볾
ûн볾鳾ôĳء
ԣ֪ˣʹǽԼΪ۷壬ǿҲֻǿĺ۷߶ѣͲ硣
ǰؾ磬Ǳߣ˼볾䣬˼
ǣôȴԼأʹǱ˿ǣǻϰԵԼе
Ҳˣܶߣ
ߺʮֵĴӱʼã봦һȻûȪ鼡ףǣȴܹԶԶϵĴȡ
ңߺڲϵĽڽ
ȻǳѾ볾ˣʵ̫ˣĻϲˣڣȴַգǽַգ
ߺѹأڳˡ
еĳ߶ĴڣѡͬߵķԸҲͬ
ߺ䣬ȴ˷գȴԾﵽĳض壬ֻҪôͻﵽµĳأҲǵ˵ľ硣
ڴͬʱߺıȫͻʮɣɾ˰֮
һǿĺӸߺϱߺȫ¶ҫ۵Ĺâǹâޱȡ
һбâҫҫ۵ĺϵƯĶ˺
ϸ΢ĳϵ˺һҫŹâߺͷ塣
ǣʱոҪ壬ߺٴʧˣԣûгɹ
ոһİ壬Ҳ˻صųɾŵı⡣
˴θߺָ䣬Ҳ˰塣
ߺ˫۽ΪѾ۷ľ磬Ҳɹ˰塣
ͷѩɫͬѩһ㣬ڿз衣
ߺָһ㣬һָȥԶȥ
ǺǣǰǸ߸ϣ뿴Ȼ٣
Ǻ̾ͳǰȻϣһĴӻеĵطɡ
һ˲䣬ͽͷʵʵģͷһ
һͷʼϵĶʼѿһ´ϵĺߺߣ岻ϵĶ
Ǳߺĺģߺ⻹ֻõĲ֮壬ûðͷκεʽԣܹ
Ǹߺͷŭ֮ͷҪҲ
Ǹʴ֮֮֮һ𷢳Ļһͷˡ
⼸ֻľǰΪ⾳Ϊԣߺ⼸ܹɱǣҲϡ档
ߺվԭأϵЦΪҵ𣿡
ո˵꣬ͷٴȻ󣬹һͷٴѿ
ϵѭԼʮΣڣͷֻʣ±һ㺮ˡ
ֻҲڵϳֹˣߺ΢΢һ̣Ȼֻͷųһ㣬ܹͷˣѹʵ̫ˣҲֻͷųһˣ
ߺҲû뵽ûͻư壬ûиܵڤѹơ
ǣͻƵ֮󣬸ߺȻãԼܵ˺ܴѹơ
ǰ壬ѹƵûеĵز
ֲãǴ򶷣ûʩչأԭıѹֵˡ
⻹ΧĻߺţԼİʧˡ
뵱ڶУЩɱˣһ壬ǶǴڤһߣҪֻӵߺв̾
ʱߺȴҲûʱ˼ôˣΪڵͻƵĹؼʱ
ȡߺȫڸߺ֮вϵĲڣһеΪͻˡ
ؾ磬ڴﵽˣƾҵΪ壬һҪһ֮𣡡ߺҧгݵ˵


407 ĺ
ߺϵлȪĺΪڽлȪĺҲԽԽʢ
ϴ²СеʲôȻôĳ̶ȣңôԽԽоͷأʹ˯ȥһ˯ѣ
ʱ̧˶ͷ­˵˵ţһͷԵ˵ϣ˯ȥ
򣬿콫ߣȥĻû뵽Сеıɢĺ˺ã˵
֮æ屳ʧԭء
߰ɣѾܹƵˣǵϴ棬ܹסȻƾǵʵȫ⣡
˵ţﶯʧһɶ

ߺٴδӰʱ򣬸ߺΪѾǳ۷ľ磬ֻҪôܹɹͻأΪߡ
ʱߺİҲֻһɣߺڵʹҲ϶ܹ֮սһ
ߺڵٶҲǷǳĿ죬֮ǰĲͬоԼͬëһڿƯ
弴ʹûжҲڿͣһʱ䡣
ȵߺΪͻƵؾ֮󣬼ʹҪķڿƯҲûʲô⡣
УߺѾѹƺܶˣֻǳصľ磬ƮƮȥ
ֻոƮȥļ󣬸ߺһԭʧתڴ档
ڸߺٶȼֱͬһ죬Ǵﵽ˹١
վڴ棬ߺסĸ̾ǲ󣬰û뵽ֻΪ˵õеĻȪ飬ǣ֮£ȴˣĲ֪ô԰
Ҫ˵ߺжûиоҲԣǸߺȴʼΪԼֻҪеĻȪ飬˲ûʲôо
ʲôأĺøӣߺи̾
һߺǴ㣬Ҫԣһθ飬ԼЩΡ
ڶѾ˸ߺĺӣߺôܹԼ׹⡣
ߺߵԼļſڣȴ˼ſһƬңСԱѾԭΣϵĴϢ·ոս˾ҵս
С㲻֪ʲôʱѾˣѪ֮УЩʿҲһɶǴǣһ鶼ûС
Ҳʧˣ峤վԭأϵĿЦ
ͷӣô£ߺߣ˵
̾һѾָˣҹʹˣΪȻﵽ־磬ǿˣ
ˣµΪҲ±ȽԷȻôߺôܲһء
ߺڼ仹ûлָʱ򣬾Ѿ֪һͨˣǺһܵˡ
ǣʱĸߺΪڣǼȫʧԲ֪飬ֻ֪ͷڲͬ
ڸߺļȫָˣȻܹоԷΪԼܽӽӦǳ۷ľ硣
û뵽ôССĴׯȴ֣ʷδߺϹһ˿º͵΢Ц˵
Ҳû뵽Ȼ쵽ֵزҲûа취󰡣һŲõ΢Ц˵
Ӧòְɣ㵱ׯΪ˾ĵؾɣߺȻ˵
˵ͷҵΪ볾һ·ߣ۹߱ˡСɽͣʮΪҲӳһأأֻһҺڹһأ
ߺû˵˵ĻȷǹģҲʲߣȻĻô
ĿҴˣ룬Ҳʱ뿪ˡ
˵ţĿ仯ϵƣȻڿٵɢ󣬱һ˵ģ
ҲСģǽ˶ޱȣҵֽĽЦǧĽЦ
ߺһĽݼҿɲһС壬ĿĽЦԭǰİĽЦʵûûı䣬ƤǺˣӰ浽ǧ氡
ĶʵҲӦôɣߺָˮ˵
ĽЦεһЦҾÿǷĵطЩûиԼĶκκôοˮ壬ҿΪʦõѡˣ
ֲĽĽˮɣߺЦʵ
ĽЦҡҡͷҸֽĽƺ
ԱߣˮĽƺŶԣ˶ɵˣǽ𾪵Ϣˣ𾪵ӡ
Լʦ𣬾ȻܹƾʧȻԼ˵Լĸһλ֡
˵ԼȻĽݣԼʦ𣬶һһͷء
ߺҡҡͷ̾һˣڲˣңҵܵȥˣ
ûйܰɣߺĿĽЦеĺⲻϵͷų
ĽЦ˵ôأôûأԼߵģ
ڸߺʵĽЦȻûгԹǴϾͿԿԼǵ֣ҶԷİʮֵ档
ۿߺʩչ壬ϣߺͻƳʱȫֻû˯
Զڤ룬ģߺһ֮㽫һķƿ
ʱ嵽ǰȥߺӣɵǷҪƿ۹ˣ
ڤ֮еĶʵǿ˺Ȼ
ʮֵĶ࣬ʱǾһӵĺ۷ľӰΪҪǿ
Ǿãڤûô򵥣ȥЩ׶ĵطġ
ģиӿֲĴڡ
ߺһֱܵΣϾһŮͦŴӣһܣⲻǺܰȫ
Сʱȴһȳһյģˣİɣûʲô飡ҵˣ
СĽЦĺͣߺŽŪüĿ
ԭСȥʱСҲһצεͷȥ㽫δΡ
ǣû뵽εĸкȻͷų캮ǺŰķСһץԶ
СȻûа취еùǳ֮צӶýӲҿСҲպģںȸߺôһЩ
ԣܿľͽԼڵĺˡ
ո۾ͷιƯŤģϵڿ˻
ΪʲôΪʲôӣǣǡָźǸСӡ
ǱҲᷢ飬Ҳָ䣬ҸԵ޹ʵĻָ䣬ҪΪǼһӡѽ
˵ţεϾȻǿƣȻһһУźȥ
һصĽĽϱĽЦˡ
ǣûнµĽЦͶԸڵΣε弸˲źߣȻһ֮ɱˡ
󣬽ʿɱɾ


408 Ѱ
ĺӣضǳ֮֮ǰɼĽЦ˵
ߺתӣԸĽƺСˮƺʱʹɣĽǰ
ߺո˵ĽЦʹҶӵʦƽཻɣӽĽݴ磡
ðɣĽݴ磬Ҳû£ҵʹһΣߺ룬ĽЦ˵Ҳԡ
ĽЦ˵ͷ˵ппգȥ۹Ļʹʲô㡭㲻ңǡ
ߺεЦЦҵ۹ĹҲ飬Σ
ȥСӿ治òµģôҲ۹ĵһŮˣС޸ǳĽЦЦ
ߺǲϵĿЦΪԸⰡûа취
߰ɣƺȽˣʱһģߺ˵꣬еۣͷıס
ߺ۵۷ʱ򣬸ߺͷѾѩףƮһɷǵģ
ڸߺ˰壬ļµʱͷҲͬѩһ㣬еĲ֮塣
֮ɫģԸߺͷȻҲ֮ɫѩɫġ
ƽߺѹԼͷҲɰɫԭĺɫǣһߺѹԼͷΪɫ
صİ壬İ嵽ʲôôϱֳأĽЦʵ
ΪһİǾ˵ֳģЩ꣬ĽЦҲǼʶˣǴû˵İ˵òϱֳ
ɱ¾壬ûֳ
ڵİǼɣĽЦȻ˵۹ϼһʵǲأʵ̫ˣǷã
ߺЦЦʱ֪ˣ
˵ţߺºȻ¡Ȼһ˫ѩɫıƿ·չ
ԱҲֻ׵ĳȣ·ԽԽˣڸߺĺ棬ͷų⣬˵۾ֱӡ
ߺ˫Ӷ̻һʧˣٶȾȻϹˡ
һ£ĽЦȵĺϲ£ˣСӵٶȱͲϷؼθϵϰһ˻˰
˵ţĽЦ̳Ÿߺĺ׷ȥ
ߺԼ˰ʱͣǵš
Լֹ˰ʱĽЦ٣˵ߺ˵ֵܣôˣ
ĽЦûкƳһۣ˵ôżӾֻһգٶٿ죬ҲȲңôȥ۹Ļʹʲô
ߺһ£æԼĶͷһ£ǱȻû뵽ԭ򡣡
ĽЦһ£٩ҿǹңûǵط룡
٣˰СˣܹѰζСˣδпܺǣԣֻܽڼˣߺε˵
ĽЦȻ˵ңĸңΪǷļң
ߺһ£˳˼ûָ֮ǰԼ֪ʵֹϵﵱңԭġ
Լָ֮󣬻ʶĽﵱңѰζˡ
Ѳɣ⣿ߺóôһԼ𾪵뷨󣬸ߺ͵ҡͷܣܣֻΪеĺӰˣ
ǺǣǲԼ֪Լ뷨ֻԼ֪ȻܹƭԼԶҲƭԼģĽЦ˵š
ߺԽ˵ԽϵĺϵıɫĺŰķǺĳ̶ĽЦһ¡
ߺ˵˵ˣҪĿ꣬ҵģ
ĽЦҲ㬵û˵ȥ֪ЩǱҪԼȥǰ˵ġ
ǲȥȥ۹·ĳϣʵûд澭Ϳȷˣ˵ĽЦȥȸߺҪ
ĽЦĲԸ͸ߺǴһˣһڵʮֵżһʱը
ʱ˵ͱԼûĴܸߺֱ̬
ԸߺжЩͺñȵԵ˼ĸһ㣬оԼûһ˿֮
Ҫ֪ڵԼԶǵԼԼҲֻһոս뵽߶ѣȴ۷壬۷ľ硣
ߺΪͬһǳ۷壬߼޵Ϊ
ʹôһ˿Ҳ̫ࡣ
ǣŸߺڵĽЦʮֵѹԸߺûһ˿սĲڵĸߺʵʲôĵزεĳ뻯
ϣߺ˲㵽һУڳ֮ͣ
۹ֵս³ԽʱеĳǳضʮֵĽţѲҹسʿһ
ң಻ˣһжϤףҲܺ£иִ
ߺո䵽ǽϣкܶʿˣΪߺûпԼϢԸո±㱻ǹ׼ˡ

ĽЦӰҲ䵽˸ߺԱߣһǹΧߺĿܣûκθ˵
ûпһŮӴӳ߹Ǵзɵǳصġ
ߺĻû˵꣬һʿ׳ŵ˵󵨣Ȼ˽ԴǣѵҪ췴ǲǵо̽ӣнǰ
ǸҲһڰ˳һʿո˵껰ʿˣȥͨ˿νĽˡ
ߺ˿⣬ȫǵʿΧߺ˿⡣
ˣûʱĥ䣬ǸϿ˵ɣȻĻϾҪɥڴˣ˵ţߺһ֣Ǹո˵ʿ̱һ
⡭еʿ󾪣֪ϸˣôľ֧֧һ仰Ҳ˵
ߺޱָһʿ˵شղ˵Ļ
ʲʲʲô鰡˵⼸֣˶Լ۵þƣߣþȫ
ߺΣոԼĻظһ顣
˭ܹشңҾ˭ǻشĲȷҽȫɱǵļˣ˵ߺ˫֮Уһ
ǺӸߺбȥԱߵʯͷȥֻһ˿˿㽫Ǹˣ˺
ˣǺʼǸ˵ӣе˶ֵĶܣǸԶԶģǸ˵һ㡣
ߺһ֣㽫ϵĺյڣҲȥ
ߺ˵ôҪҪһ°
ʣλﳤʲôӣһʿ׳ӣߺߣӵʵ
ߺεòһ£˰죬ҡҡͷûУҽֵ࣬һһҹˣҲûп˵λ


409 Ѱ
˵۹ĹˣңͦŴӻģ۹ʳǵľƵҶ̸ۼǰ澰
ʲôǸǲǼǰԶĹǻʲôϡģ
ϻǸһֵ˵ǰʧٵιȫһˣ
ʲôιˣͦŴӻģҲ̫˸о˰ɣȻδ
˵ιΪʮֵǿģȻĸ׻ʵ۱£Ҫûа취

˵ţȻǽո˵ЩȫΧǣôĵӣͨѹˣϳȥնˣ
һ˧꣬¥Ͻ¥
ɫİֻۣȴɫ࣬ĺ⡣
Ļӵ£С˸ЩоȻһʶǰˣæġ
ǸĻӺȻתͷʶң˵ɣ˭ãһ
ūŵǴӵ£Ļӿڴӵϣһɣ˿ͷ絷һ㡣
Ļɫһ䣬ԽԽѿԪȻô飬˽鵽
ӵ£˸ô죿ҪҪˣϾǴӵˣһ˵
ƨЩͨѹǻֵ֪飬Ҳܱһ׵ģ˵һССūˣҿҲɱġ
˵ţĻһ֣Щȥնʾڣ

洫˰εĿ޺
ʱ򣬸ߺӰȻĻӵ󣬵ЦЦոյ飬һֱԱš
ߺһ·ѯε䣬ֱһȫСɽߺʶԶԶԼҪء
ǸطεϢ뿪Լ֮
ңϢߺ˿İǳϢ
ߺļ٣Ѿ̫ʱѰңû뵽ȴǰݰݵξȻͻԼΪѾصʹ
뵽Ϣ֮󣬸ߺļ٣ǰ֪ԼĺεĸУǲôĵġ
ϾС˵ԼĺӲûôӦзڳ˵
ûܽ۷Сˣߺ첻
Ȼ˵СʱˣѹԼʵս
ңߺνϣϵԼʵѾ˺龳缫ޣûа취ˡ
ڳʧȥ䣬ߺһȸߺҪǻָ䣬ͻƳ磬Ҳ¡
ܹպΪǾܵߺΪġ
ǣĻߺĺӾΣˣûа취߲С
Ըߺżëŵĸϵ۹ʶϢ˴ԪԸ˽εһ

˵λֵܣĽܺðߺںȻ˵
ǣСʱ򾭺ܶΰҽΧ˭Ļӽ鿵ոʶĻش𣬵ʶԾϻͷߺ
ߺվĽЦ΢ЦĿǰ鿵
ߺ۹һ꣬鿵еӡģ˻Һ񣬲ҲʮֵĴӱ
Ҫǣĺе֮š
ߺ΢΢һЦҵʦ˼ǳߣҪιģ
⣬鿵һ㶣ʲôҲģ
ߺ⣬ɫͳȥҲ˵ʲô˼
鿵ε̾һ֮Ȼ֮ʣԻкܶ󳼵Ĺ飬е̥
ߺҧ˵
鿵󣬺Ȼ˵˵ʲô
ڸߺ˵ʮֵС鿵ûߺڽʲô
ûʲôûʲôߺ΢ЦŻص
ټϽڵݽȣȻѾǳˣʶĶ֣ЩҪȢ㣬ǼнĳߣλԻ
鿵ε˵ЩʲôߺɫԽԽڣЩ쵰ȻҴŵ⣬ҿЩǻòͷˡ
ߺ⣬鿵ȻͷѵҲ㻳𣿡
ȻˣιʣĵˣʲôӣҶĸоı䣡
ߺ˵ţһ룺Ȼˣҵĺӣʲô
ǺãȻҽôģҲһ˲ţҽȥܹõҲһˡ鿵˵
ߺ֪ҪĽЦá
۹ٶһߣ۹˵ʵٺòġ
οߺ鿵ãߺʵҲĪ⣬϶ͬǰĽһ㣬һʱܹͻƳˡ
Ҵߣǽʹɣ˵ţ鿵һֶŸߺ˵
ߺ΢΢һЦǾллˣ
˵ţһ˿ʼʹȥǼĵһ죬ѾӽԸߺҪʹеĻӸ
۹ʹ֮զ࣬潨츮լȫС˼˵סһСʹ֮
ڻʹУߺѾЩʮֵϤˣϾ˺ܳʱ䡣
鿵ߺ飬Ȼ˯ȥˡ
С㣬ûп𣿡УߺĽЦƾǡ
ڸߺΪȫú˿ԸоԼǵ˼ģߺҲ
Ȼ֪ǲһֻ໥öѣߺ΢΢𣺡Ϳ˭ɹˣ
ĽЦεҡҡͷϻλֻҪȢΣһӵҺˣټĻ
ߺϧϵǲڽֵϵľٴҲΪֺΣҿԣŴӺ͵ˣ
鿵Ҳܹ躹ޣȻһֱѹԼΪֲûнɹ࣬±ˣĽЦ˵
ˣҪȥװĺӣûбߺһ˿ɫ
ôˣҪңһ˲ʣȫ
ţĽЦ˵һʧڿУֻʣĽЦЦš

ߺ뵽Сʹ֮У֣ϴθˣȫǺصģмصġ
֪סǸߺҲûøоֻһһҡ
ȻһʮصĵطǸطܺûʲô
һǸĳ˴𣺡˵⵽˭ĺӣ
ĵףͲùˣҲ˵ģ
ҾͰȥ˵֮࣬ǸߺҲϤϦദΡ
û˿ߣҪ֮ȥҿʹˣ㲻ûа취𣿡


410 
ţڳصʱ򣬼ʹ㸹еôǿҲޣ˵ţˤŶ
ʱ򣬸ߺڷϴţ·𲻴һ㣬ûзָߺ
ߺڵΪѾյĺʽˣôֿܷԼĸߺء
Ϊȴߺģߺ߶Ŷԭǳصľ磬ֲ˵Ҫǿ̫أ֪ǵڵʲôΪȻôϣ
Լĺû£ߺҲʮֵĸˣǣ˵ڵ飬ߺֲⵣġ
ߺվ沢ûоʹҲûоʹȥ֪ʹԼҲûа취δߣֻһûˡ
ߵǰΨɫЩп̾һȻԼĶӡ
ӣĶԲĲǣȴ뵽β뵽˸ߺ
˧òԼ쿴ÿ춼Ķ׻˵վ飬Ҫ˵ζԸߺûиоǲܵġ
ߺܰЦݣһֱεлصǹĵĻܰЦݣȻ΢ЦξĶ
øӰòһأĺá㣡ңе
뵱Ǹׯʱ򣬸ߺһ
ûҵʱӦӦûأǷѾָأ㡭᲻أ
ţнĴˮ
ߺȥǣոҪȻԶһɾơ
ֻ𣿡˵ţһӰԶٵͬģкܼˡ
УϢϢϢǸʮֵǿߺǰĳ̶ȡ
ߺһͦŴӵΣҧҧȵ˵
ѡһģҲ֪εʲô뷨ĲԸԼȥԸӣ˵ӣԼҲΣˡ
ĻûܹԼĺˡ
ߺ廯һ⣬ѸٵʧԭأԶǿƺܿľεǰ
ζҺʧ˵еöҲ𣿡һ˵ģˣӯӯһݡ
ζμڣ˵ûö飬ˣθո˵꣬һƾͽĽӽ
ž
ε϶һӡҿҲг磬ڱɳȥǸ˺ҲסԼûȫ
ǲ֪ν㼴ʹܱȵǱǿǼƴƴĴһصż֮еõģȻ֮Ūˣ
˴ĳΣʲôû˵ֻǵվҲûпޣҲûзŭֻȴԽԽˡ
ʲôʵ谮ŮǿҲֻƷɣڿǺ֮嵽ʲô仯ɣǺõöɣ
εĶǰǸ˵ҵķ纮ǼǱĺһʵɣ
Ǹ˾ȻЦˣЦķǳĲ̣¶ˣͻƵ֮ҲǶһ߶ѣȱٵľǸֻ֣Ҫҽˣʵͻ޷ĵزͻƵ磬һƽһûʲô飬ұҪձأȴңŪˣ
˵ţһ½εĲס㻹ΪԼʥ費˥ߣǳ롣
ɫڱˣʮֵı
˵գı鵽ȥˣУЩպΪʲôûб仯ǿѣʲô
˵ϵҲԽԽ󣬿ԽԽ
ޱ飬·βԼŮһ㣬ε࣬˿˵ףңȡ
һĳ谮·ûпһ㣬ֻǵ˵Ϊ۹ĴҵһŮӣΣӦΪԼе٣
ٲ˵Ļ׼ȥɣ˸ոҪʹεϺȻһǿĺ
ǴεСбģǺȷǳĺ䣬ǿΪһС֮£֡
漴һÿ˵ͷ֮˵Щˣ۸裬Ҫǣ򡭡
ʮֵۣ·һСһ㣬ֲǺ
۵˵ʱһɹɺε֮бʮֵĺ䣬ȴû˺Ρ
·׼һ㣬ļ˳ȥ
ʲôʲô󾪣һӣǺȥ
ǣǵľ֮УͬĺкĺϢ֮ǰȻˣԼȥ
ټ֮ǰľ˱еĻ϶ˡ
۾һУһӶǺʧӰ٣ɫɷףʲô
裡ҰҰɣθոʳԺоٴ۵
Ƕǻˣ۸ңҪǴܣ˵ţȻε֮бǿĺ
ֻ˼˲εǰһεĶӴȥ
֣ûгȻͿʼ˷ˣҲʰ㣡˵ţеεĶϻȥ
ζ֮бĺȻûã˼öû𵽣εĶԽԽ
Ҫʹ˻ĽԼĽеУ˻ȥҪ˵һ
ǣʵοģʧˡ
͵־ͦĶԽԽʱһȻ洫
˵϶ո㲻ΪɣҲڣȻ۸źҺӣôʱ䣬ǰ׻ˣ
˵ţһǿݶˡ
ĽЦӰƯţǰһǰţߺǰվţ΢Ц
ԭߺȥ֮󣬺Ȼо߱ǿĺĽЦ˵ɺǴεĶ֮йСġ
ߺʶ鲻ã߷ȻͲ˵Ķ϶֡
֮еĺһͲ˵ǰߺҲ棬֮еĲ屬
ȫ֮УǱһסԼ֣ˣƷ顣
ǸոߵСӣ˫һе
ϼһ㻹Ϊ㣬ߣҵıζɸƾоҵ𣿡ߺм˵
´һߺһΪʲôأԭֻһëͷС
ͷһëͷС㹻Ըˣ֪ǵ£ߺ΢΢̵˵
ǺʽԭûߺǺʽ᲻ʶ


411 ̫
ɺãû޺ԱߣǲʲôӦֶˣߺ֮󣬷Ц
ɫԽԽʽû뵽Ȼǳߣôصģôܻӹҵ۾أ
ߺոͷŲ֮ʱܵǵȷǰ壬ôһͿȷߺȷǳɡ
ߺ۾һת˭ǰǳˣǸոͻûã
ʱǰ˵ȷǰ㱻๫ɱ
࿴֮ɫŨϻش𣺡ǴǰѾˣ
Զԣ˵ĲҵȷǰͣҲ˱˹飡˵ţߺ϶
Ȼ˵ҹˣ˵ÿ治ôȻԼŮҾ
˵ڵϵĸߺɫ䣬ҲԽԽ䵭ɱ㣡
ո˵һ仰ߺһȥû䵽ϣһͽУ˦ȥ
ǵһ⣬ȥߺȴҲûţһ㰲ȫأ
ˮ漴Ǹ˹ȥϹвɱ֮˵˵ʲô
ߺ˵ʱѾǰˣƣ˵Ĳȥ
ҽڤ˶ڤֵˣ˵ţڤһ˸ߺǰֵסһ
ߺѸٵȥʱǰѾǰˣ϶ȥ
Ҳô򵥵ģһӣ㽫˻ȥߺȥ
ߺ΢΢𣺡ãλ磬СëͰˣ
˵ţߺеٵŤռ俪ʼŤߺеٵڤ֮ȥ
ڤ϶ܿ࣬ұɥߺɱԽԽʢ֮Ҳ͵֮С
ʼҫ۵ĺ⣬Ǻҫĵطһ㺮Ӷҫˡ
ݶ˺һƬ򣬸ߺĶԽԽ졣
ʲôȻõֵز㵽˭ζϹô˵Ƕ־ˣǱǲҲ
ڤɫԽԽѿڣеٵۣҲĿʼԷõģȻҲǺ
ߺһǲ֪νȻǰŪ
Ȼ䣬оԾæ濴ȥԼĲ̫֮ǿ󣬽Ҳ
Ǹеĺһ֮ˣԼǿҲûȥ
濴ȥʱȴĴһֻεĸУЩ
ǺʼۣεСϷȥȻ⵽档
оôߺ󼱣æʵ
εɫ˵ˣ
ո˵ڣһ۵Ӹߺͷ𣺡ְ֣ǰְ𣿡
˭ӹҽаأߺһӣһСԼȻûз֣ߺľ֡
˵ܹĸӦ֮нĻʵҲʮֵǿģԼ֮¡
ְ֣ҲӣӰ˵ӵĶӲŽأʱǸ۵ٴδӸߺԺ֮
ߺĸоϵѲأʲôӣ
ĶﰡǸ۵˵
ߺ˲ͷεĶӿȥĿɿڴָεĶӣʵɣ
ν߼ˣתͷȥû˵ߺʮϲ˵ӣٽһְָոû壡
ְ֣㻹СǸɣ͵Ϯأ۵˵
ߺ⣬һԼ̫ˣȻǸϼһˣӣ˵Ƚ۸ϼһﱩһ٣ȥ
˵ţߺתãȻûӳȴ˺ӵʮ޷ܵġ
ǣΪ˸ĸоȻ˸оʮֵļֶѾʼˡ
Īļ˷ܵȵκһʮֵĸӣܵ˵ߺڵǸˡ
еһȻʧˡ
㿴ôս⼸ڹģôãֵǣҪҪȥ̫֮ϣǲҽȫٵ
ߺ˵
ڤһۣ룬˵ͷҲã㣬ȥ̫֮ϣδܣζҰɣ
˵ţһһ˳ǹУٵηȥ
ߺ˫һ̱֮ޱȵĺϢ嶼ɢŰ׹⣬ǰ׹ޱȵĺ䡣
ߺͷѩףȻʼԼˡ
ߺ˫ԽԽ飬֮ͫв˫һۣԼ·𱻱һ㡣
Լ·һ߶һ㣬ԼȻֵĿֲ𾪵Ĳܶ
⣬⡭˶ɵˣɵɵĴһġ
ߺɫԽԽԽ䣺ҵӣԼ𣡡
˵ţߺεߣϵ׵ͷʼĺɫʼת䡣
һߺͷ˺ɫץסε֣±㲻ˡ
ҲǱˣһֱ谮Լĸף棬壬ԭƭԼģǵҪĿľȻֻԼʵ顣
ʼնɷ׵ɫߺЩۣһֻ֣Ļסε
˵û£أʲô鶼ڣһһ
ߺȻ֪ʲôǿȷǣںҪ˵Ĺػ
ߺס֮η·ҵİοĸڸߺǰӿ
ߺĴΣ˵ްɣĿްɣһΪ㱨ģҪɱˣȫɱ
˵ţߺбɺ⣬ֱʡ
Ǻޱȵҫۣںҹ֮У·ָ·һ㣬ȫ̵˶ˡ
ⲻϵϷȥ˵ʵߺûзɵй˵̫ˡ
ԼֻǸոͻƳأҲոջָ䣬Ϊһֱڣͣ㡣
ڣԼڿͣˣ
ǣһȥ̫֮ϣȴȥս
ߺ廯һ⣬Ǻ֮󣬺󣬲۶ôǿķ˺ߺһһ롣
Ȼȥ̫֮ϣߺ֪ôȥģǸߺԼȥ̫죬һ·

УҿĽЦϼһȻĻߺһη̫컹֪ҪѶٹء
ֻǽӽѵ˺ܶˣڿУߺǿķ羢θߺԸǱȽϼ򵥣֮Ȼεˡ
ߺһȭͽ֮ƿˣĽЦǧɷֱӶˡ


412 
̫һΪϣĽЦ˵ǷɷһЩǣȴʤڶϡ
˵½һ㶼̫ķΧţǺĻȥ֮󣬸棬ͻᱻЩγࡣ
Ϊ˵̫а֮񣬶߱˵֧Żɵôˣǲ֧ŵĻҲٴɳ
ɵԽߣͻԽЩܹɵʮǷ粻ϵ˫֮£ͻᾫߡ
ߺɵ̫֮£̫׳ľ󣬸ߺޱȵļ
̫ɫģһ˿˿ķ羢治ϵŭԶԶĿȥ̫ͬ½һ޴ķǽӵԶ޾
ˣȥɣ޶ζɣĽЦո˵޶תջȥˡ
ڸߺĻĽЦ˵ǰͽްɣ֡
˵⣬΢΢һ£ߺǶôˣֻһ㣬ͿԿڤһʲôĵ飬εһʲô顣
ãǴӽҾͽˣߺ˵
ΣŶӦýˣƳ˸ߺһۣһʲôأ㲻Ľкʽɣ
ߺЦЦȻҵֽиߺҲǶ춼ˣǡ
û˵꣬ξץסߺĶ䣺ŶԭͷԵĸߺǾأôûһ𣿡
ߺһ£֪ң
յ飬ĺߴ춼˵һǰЦڶ춼˭˲֪ĸ춼ĸߺ֮
ûİ˸ߺһۣε˵ֻΪҲ̫ˣֻǺصߣȥȴѾǳصˡ
ڸߺΪոŻʱȫʩչһΣ޵ҲڸߺʲôΪ
ǣû뵽ǣڵĸߺȻг۷Ϊ
ֻһ㣬Ͳ֪Լǿ϶١
ʱ򣬸ߺӵȻ˸ߺ˵ͷ֮Уԭôå
˭ģ壬ûԼӦõĶѣߺɲԼĶʲôӡ
ߣǰ˵ҶˣľǻˣǸ۵˵˵ţԽԽ
ߺ󼱣ӣôˣ
û£Һ۰˯
ߺˣȻԼĺʮֵ棬û˶ԻǣӦǺķġ
ԣ˵һЩ֮ĵĲˡ
ߺеĵӣϿ˯ɣ˵ţߺһ޵Ķӡ
һĵˣԼɢŴȰĹâĸ׵Ĺذ
ߺĶ˵һ泩Ȼû˯ˡ
㻹ĲϣȻʱ䣬ͻƵ˱һľ磡Щڼŵĵذϵˣܹʮ굽۷ľ磬ѾǸ߰ޱˣ
ߺĹһСɵıԿɣӦҲʮ꣬Ҳеţ
˵ţߺЦԼм㣬ԼΪֹѾʮˣʮѾԶˡ
û뵽û°һգۼ䣬͹˶ˡ
뵱Լʮʱ䣬ʱԼһֱڵѪ
ʮȥˣԼĺԼǰҲֻһϣԼһһĿɱϡ
ֹرˣ磬澳磬龳磬ڸǵ˿µĳ硣
һ·ߺΪġ
أѾܹҽذˣߺ¶һ˿΢Цʱ춼һˣЩ׵ذŵʲô͡
ƾߺڵʵԼܹȡõذǰ
ˣǽȥɣߺ˵ţ浭֧һĻޱȣߺ廯һ׹⣬ȥ
ţߺ֮бǿĺƣǺĳ֣Ķ磬Щɢ
ߺôзȥ
ߺҲǰңǸߺֻǳһصľ磬û֮壬ôߺʹ̫֮ϣߺҲ۵þƣߡ
ڸߺΪʹǲ֧ŻҲû顣
ǣлޣ޻ܵ˺ԣ֧˻ԸߺҲĲٵȫ
̫֮ϣߺǳ׵ľˣûмľ󣬽һƬɵĺ
ֻվǲҪˡ
ԶһƬڶģһ㶼һʮֵֻԶڶģܶǳ˸
ڿУƮֻ޵һ˿˿ɷ磬ֻɷ磬С̫࣬ҲС١
ԶγɸӵߺоԼһƬΪȴϵļ¶ڸߺϲϵɧ
ߺһҪͻ˰ɡ
ͻƿҪѺܶʱģ滹߼ĳߣһ˼ģôҪʱͻƵĻһᱻӵġ
ߺæԪһסŬԼͻơ

ϵĵӰ
ֳͿԿΪǿеڤɫĲûһ㣬ĿŸߺ
ڤ࣬Ȼûڤǽ̫Ҳʲôرѵ顣
ֻ࣬죬ߺɫЩЩϼһһֱŹˣ
ȻĻҲΪ̫۳ˡ
ǸΪˣ֮۵첱Ӵֱ֣
ߺ΢΢𣬽е޷ſĽЦ˵Ľϸ磬չµˣҪҵĺ뱦ܵ˺Ŷ
İɣĽݴıûб˻һֵģĽЦ˵ԱԴһԼı
ߺͷһοӿԼıһСĴָСָĽЦвϵķת
ĽЦУͬһâָ֮䲻ϵĴԽߺۻҡ
ʲôУߺȻ˵
Ǻǣܣ˵ţһǵȻʧһɶ󣬴һ߷˹һߡ
ˣгˣǿǼϼһɣ˵ţߺתǼˡ
Ȼ˹ָŲǻһ𣿲֪ʲôطҪһɣ
ʱں˵Ѿսϣ¶иɳֵ֮ã
˵㰡ǲ֪ߵغȻһҪĸߣûǸոͻƵĳôҪأ


413 һ
ߺĽЦԱ˵Աߵȴȴˣ˵ǵûнǷУǿԴֻһСС߶ѡ
ҾͶһǣЩǰ߸ϵˣһµߣǵжߺ˵ţе
룬˻ȥս棬۷𲻵ʲôá
ҲΪߺֵһ¶ԷĹҲֵܵ١
Ҫ֪ļûһߣߺڵǺ۷Ϊ
ú۷ȥг˼ߣԲʲô֮١
Ҳã㿴ҵľɣߺ뵽鲻ʮֵļȴǺ֡
ڤ϶ո۸ҵĺǲǣ۸ҺҴƨɣ˵ţߺϺȻҫ۵İ׹⣬һͷѩ׵ͷ޷
ߺһͷųһͷϳ˵ֻۣ·¡Ȼ˺ˣһԱڸߺ
һϵб仯ߺ˶ˣڤ
ڤ˫ͻʲôô۵ģѲͫ
ߺмЦЦֶͫôԼ֮أ
֮۵ǿԶͫԱģң֮ۻϵıǿǿ
˵ߺͻ˰壬֮ҲԶˣͻư֮󣬸ߺ֮۾ȻһЩá
ʲôãߺڻûʱãҲ֪ڿǱ֮ǰöˡ
㣬ҵ֮УߺĬĬ߶ڶͷö֮Уڤһʵ塣
ڵľжߺһʮֵĸӣȻߺûа취ģ£֮е㣬ȴߺ֮۶Ϥһ
ܹԷ㣬ܹԷ£ߺҲҴ⡣
һӣһҫ۵ĺڤȥڤûߺ֣ҲǺ⡣
ԷֻһСС߼ߣԼǵ˼ߣ߸Ͳһϡ
ڤֻһ֣һ˺ʹбʮֵǿ󣬷·֮ϵĿռֱķֳһ㡣
ߺǹɺȥڤԼһܹͻǺߺи롣
ʹв룬ԼҲ֮ܽŪˡ
ǣڤû뵽ԼиոմǺͿʼĽиȻˡ
ں֮ʧӰ٣һڿС
Ǻͨи֮Ѹٵڤߣȥҿٵı
һڤͱȫıϻֵĮı飬УȴĲš
岻ϵĶϵĺʼѣǣߺŭ֮ô׾ͱƿģ
ŸߺıͻƵ֮֮ŭ֮ȸҲǿ
ŭ֮ϵĶģŭ֮֮бڤҲʼɢ
ߺа壬ԷͬҲа壬ұߺҲҶԷǵ˼ǿߣӴͲǸߺġ
ڤ߷·ϸߣЩϸ߷·һ㣬Ӳĺп
ߺĺô׵ģ֮ⲻϵĲź
ЩոձϸиһϸСƣһ׹˲ͽ֮ˡ
Ȼô˵ǸߺȻֹסеľȣҪ֪ĽЦĻ⺮ϣô̵ʱ֮ڣ϶Ʋŭ֮
Ǻǣҵĺôôأŭ֮ߺͷϵö֮У۵İ׹⡣
ǰ׹ڸߺʩչһɵĲ֮壬Ըߺ֮Ҳɢ˰׹⡣
ǰ׹·Աͬߺͷŵŭ֮һһС͵ŭ֮
ߺ֪ûϸܵʱ䣬ոٴʩչʴ֮һҵȻӸߺĺߺɨ
ɱߺжһ·һɫ磬Ҫʩչ޾ɱ¾һ㡣
ɱ֮壬ʱĸߺһͷɱ֮壬ͱ뱧ԪһȻĻġ
ڵĸߺѷյĸߺֻһ㽫ͷѹסˡ
ȻתȥǰһɺɫĳǹԼԽԽۿͿҪĴ򵽸ߺˡ
ǹϳźɫĹâߺܴо޴ߺȷлһǳǹĵܵˡ
ѪɫĹâ·̺ӴжвС
Ȼûиߺɱǿ󣬵Ҳ˿Ĳй֮޲
ɢźâĳǹпܶԸߺһ˿˿˺
ʱߺ֮еСŭ֮ûͷųȥǰһѪɫĳǹеĹҲѸٵɺɫĳǹȥ
ɢɺɫâĳǹ˲ͱС͵ŭ֮ˣֻһɲǣߺ̰סᣬһסǹ
ϵɢŰɫâĺ˳ŭ֮ȥŭ֮ǿ֮󣬽ŽҲˡ
ߺٴͷųǹɺŭ֮ȥٶȾȻмӳɣ֮ǰӵĿˡ
һ˲䣬ߺĺ㵽ǰΧ棬ҽĲʳϵ
ϵ·ʼڡ
ʴ֮︡ߺɫʮֵ䣬˵
ֻĸʴ֮ոͷųʹһʮϢϢ·еĶ֮ǰֵһᣬȫữΪڡ
ǹǿ󣬾ȻԸߺӰ죬ԵЩٶۡ
֮壡û뵽ʵǺߺ˵⣬˲Ͻһ¡
Ÿߺƣתźȥ
һƵľȻʮֵĺƾˣ˿־壬ܵĿռ׷ѣǣ˵䵽³ɡ
һƵ˸ߺһƣҽߺһ룬ǣƿ֮мȻһҫ۵Ӱ
Ӱߺһ޶ģߣΡ
һߺ໹ʮֵ˷ܣǣߺǰɫӰʱһ¡
ѲꣿӦûûе̶ֳȣȻų׹
ʱ󴩹ߺǻ
˵ţߺУֻûг֣һߺϮ
ߺ˫һ彥ȥֻ̫ˣʮֵǿ󣬼ܹܵĿռ䶼и˼롣
ߺ·϶зָߺ˵Ļ˽Ŀռ֮УĴĿռ֮Уߺûа취ˣ֪͵ʲôط


414 
ܼиߺİΧסܼиͬһܲߺ
Ŀռ䣬иݣͬһиһһġ
޵ߺعͷֻڤԭص˵
ڤ˵֮󣬶Ÿߺ˵ҵİ֮һˣû뵽Ȼôǿ˰ʽҸոյȷСˣˣ
ԭߺڶԸʱڤѾŭ֮ƿˣ˺ȷ£Ȼֻһ˫֣Ϳ˺Ѹߺŭ֮
˵˵İһ˺йء
Ҳûбʴ֮ס̫ã๥ߺʱŭ֮븯ʴ֮ĺٵƵ
ߺ˫һи̫ˣ޵ʵԼ޿ɱܣٶȸûа취ӱܡ
ɱߺȫ֮ҲǱ֮ٵӶȥҿٵᡣ
Ǳû״˺Ȼˣ˺Ŀռ䣬Ȼ⺮ˡ
ߺһȭȻɫȻ˳
һĻڤĿɿڴû뵽Լ޵ˣһƵôֱӡ
ǹһɱȻ˵еǹŸߺ۾ȻѪɫߺ֪ɱ֮弫۵ԭ
СҪˣߺ˫һȳΪǿһӣ֮弱ٵȥ
ٶ֮죬զ࣬ܿľͽܰΧˣ֮ǰ˵ϡ
ռ䣡
ߺ˵ĶȻסˣͣһұеǹǿ
Ѫɫıܹ۵ĿռǹѹȥѪľȻѹȥˡ
СȻеͣҲΪֹˣӰ֣֮ڤԱ˵ţֺݺݵߺץˡ
ߺոֿ˫־ȻʧˣһͬʧĻǿ
֪ʧˣ̫ۣ˵ĸо֮ʧӰ٣ʵʵڵġ
Ȼڵģа취֣ߺɫû˿Ĳ˵
ڵľ֮ǰľˣӵ˲֮ľ֮ǰľֱϰٱֹ
ǣ뾣֮ڸߺŭ֮˺ܶࡣ
ߺԼľֿܹԷİֻ֮ǰ
ЩֻǸݲͬĹģûԼõĵӦ֡
һ۵Ĺ״ĺߺΧߺţԴ
Ȼп˺üݣôƽƽɢȥߺĲô򵥣Ժܿγһ
εľϴʧĸӵĿ죬ֻһ㱻ڤииݣǣߺûпʲôټ
û뵽桭ߺ̾ʲô˵ĹҲˡ
ǾԱһ㣬˭ߺĺסͻȥæƵ
һɾɱ֮壬еǹߺɺɫߺеĲ
ǱߣеĽøߺһֿʱ˺ѵĸоϵĻ𲻵κεá
ߺһԼΣˣǰлǣ׷
ұôʩչһеģǺ˵ţߺ֮еͫУҲһƬѩĴڡ
֮ߺȻȫǿĺ˷ȥߺĶͷҲð麹
֮Ȼǿ󣬵ҲǷǳӴġ
ЩڤӰ֣֮ȫڤ˫ϲ˺ȻҲûӰ֮
ʧٵҲߺĺϡ
ȻߺоǶںߺԸû⣬ԣЩϵ˲䣬ߺһ亹
ԭЩѾߺڸߺĲǰֻʣһ׵ľ룬ߺһĻ¸ߺͻᱻε
Σأߺ濴ȥЩȫԭأЩϵĿʼ˵Ͽʼ
ңǵϣǵһ塣
ߺһڤ˵вĻڤֻ˵ոյӰ֣֮ԼʼĪ
˼߹ȻԼͣȻĻܱˡ
ЩЩ˱֮󣬽Ŀʼ飬ĺЩ˵Ѫ⣬ʼİ
ǼʹĲϵĺУߺЩ֪̾պαصأ
ǣڤȴ⣬ǺȻܹ飬ǣǺɶʱпѡ
ߺȴԽϲҪ֪Խѹƣȵʱ򣬿ܾͻԽǿҡ
ڷܿʼһһ飬ȵߺ֮ѹţʱĻߺԿ϶Ǿȫữɺü顣
СӣȻݶʱˣڤȻп˵
ߺ¶һ˿̵΢ЦʹĹâ֮µģһħһ㡣
ϼһҲ˵˵ɣ㵽ʲôΪߺ΢Цʵ
ߺţǵ˰ԼһУҲǣڤȴܹ˵ⲻòߺо졣
ҵΪ㲻֪Ϊ˵ţĺȻһӰӰޱȵá
һɢŵİ׹⣬ʧȥӰڤһ¾֧ˣĺ˺üꡣ
ҲȷһţܺõңΪҲûв´ĻǴ͵ϴ˰ɣ
Ӱ˵ߺȴһΪǴԼĹˣᱻ˷֣ǣȴһ
ԭ㣬ߺôʰ㣡ԱߴŭָŸߺŭȵ
ǣȴһ˿ϲԭΪǴα͵ϴ裬öԲߺԭǴҲǸߺ͵Լȫ
һȥˡ
û뵽ʱ䣬Ȼɳһߣһǳ۷ߣһͿԵ˼츳ҺҪ
Ӱڤ·һ˿⣬ƵĿŸߺڿһƷ
ҿԿ϶ҺܿٴλָȼȻ۷ףͻƵʦҲǲ޿ܵģӰ˵
ʱ򣬸ߺȻ뵽ĳֿܣɫһ䣺Ѳɣǡᣡ
ұǶҵĺȻ˳أû뵽Ȼҵõ
ǱߵĽЦɫȻһ䣺ˣǰЩ꣬ˣʱڤǽ¶ԣ
ڤ۹ĵʮλʵۣĽЦôһ˵Ҳˡ


415 Ŀ
ӰڤȴҲһε۹ʵۡ
ߺ뵽⣬ڤһ䣬̫ˣʮλʵ۵࣬ٹǧˡ
һȴȻڣ˵߿ԴʱǺܳ˵ʱڤʼʮֵȨϾ
Ȼʮֵĸߣֱĺ껹ûгɾͳ
Ҳ˵ʱҲûгɾͳߣȴվڸߺǰٿԿ϶һ飬ǧڤͨġ
ĽЦ˵ںܶǰڤ۹Ļʵۡ
ô˵ڤǾԼ壬ġ
뵽ߺΪڤĺݶе־壬е
û뵽ԭô޳ûееˣ˽˰֣ҵһ
Է˷ָĶߺеŻ£ʮֲ׵ߺʲô
ߺ룬Ȼڤ˵ÿûУ
ĽЦںᣬû뵽ʱˣߺ˼Ц
ڤȴЦЦͨЩ꣬ר꣬Ѿʦ磬ɣܺãҰɣ
ڤϵջߺֻҪΪһ壬ʦߣǵʵȫԽܵĹȫɨƽʱֻҪһͻƳǾǹҡʲôŮʳζȡ֮֮ߣôֻҪҺϳһ壬ĺӲӣȻӣҿλ㣬μ޸㣬ʱһƬʵ

ȵڤ˵˰죬ߺûʲô仯Ŀڤ
ȥĿ˵Ȩû뵽˾ȻͻƵʦ磬ϧֻһ꣡
ĽЦڸߺԱ˵ʦ꣬ʹֻǳʦҲܹ۷壬˵ʵ֮ǰǿˣ
ߺ˺ˣ̫ˣԭΪҲ̫Ըûа취ӳڤٷ֮ٵ
ԭһһ㣬סڤ
ǣڤӽ֮гˣҲʹԷӵ۷ˣˡ
ڤջ󣬸ߺͺ⣬֮һЦ㻹ǲ˽Ұ
һҸͶȨû˿ڶƾҵܵʦ֮αؽ
ҵôңȴ㣬ҵĺģޱҵӣΪʲôҪ޸˭أ
壬ҲҪһڣޣҵӣǸɱΣסˣ
˵ţߺӰһŤڤ̳һӰǸߺ
ߺڤ֣溮ߺ˵ڤĶԣֹڴ˰ɣŭ֮
ϱǿĺ˲ͽڤӡˡ
ڤǺ⣬ǣһ̣ɫˣԭո֮УܵĲôǿҡ
İ˺Ȼô󣿡ڤ㤵ĿŸߺûϵߺԴ꣬Ȼôǿɱ
֮ܵ˺˰ٱֹ
ʲôþȵģþȵĵط˵Ÿߺǽ¶һ˿΢Цҵĸʴ֮˺Ǵ󰡣
˵ţһ˽ȥ
ԭߺŭ֮ͽڤӡڤ͸ǺģΪ걾Ͳʵ塣
ǿ͸ģȻߺĹ֮ка壬Ҳ˺á
ǣڤʦģԶһİ壬ϸûκεá
ոҪ߹ʱȴԼҲˣȻıӡסˡ
ʹһţû˿ãߺŭ֮ȻϵֻһС֮ڡ
ڵоޱȵıԼڱ˵ȥˣ۳ζǲܵˡ
Ÿߺٴͷźոӱһһ֪εĺӵĲöԸ
ڵڤѾʦ磬ͬСɡ
ܹʦˣضѾﵽ˿µĵزٶɰ壬һЩǿˣѾĳɡ
һޱǿ˺֮Ӹߺϱߺŭ֮Ȼɰ˲˺ѿ
ǹ˺Ѷȥֻ˲䣬̫춼˺ѿһӡ
þòϣ۹ʹ֮ϣվȻѿ˿ӡ
ڻʶ֮Уÿ˶ظ֮ˣǶ֪֮ϣгľս
ǿѿգʱؾ̾
ϾȻѿһӣǻûм

֮ϣҲ˽֣ߺԷİȻôǿ󣬲ϵʩչ֮ŭ֮ʴ֮
ǣԷ˺֮ҲǷǳȻϵ˺ЩһδεڤͻΧ
ɶôȥǰ취ҵᱻĴڤߺ۸ߺЩĺϵıɺ½뵽ߺ֮С
˳֮£ԼһΣضǸߺĶ֣ʹȥ
Ƴһ۸ߺԶһۣԴĽЦȻ۾һ
˿ڲϿˣϵѾĲˣѪģһ
֣һ˺ѵǵȥĺ֮˺ѿ
ѪˣոҪߺڤɹ
ǣȴҲڤֹǣǸϿ콫סΣǰСӣ
ǣ֮Ҳηȥ
ߺдŭң
ʲôҵģֻҪõ壬ʲô鶼ֵõģڤһͷ˺һ߹Ц
ߺкԽԽʢǱҵģ
˵ţߺ֮кȻǿĺǺâǺʵʵĺ
Ǻĵطǿռ䣬糾˺磬·һƬ硣
ߺ˽µ̫죬ǾĿ磬ȻҲ˺׹ȥ
ţо粹һɺһƬ̫ڸߺĺȻʼ
̫첻ϵķ濴·һƬ춼Ҫһ㡣
Ӵˣ˲ͽǱڣڤİ壬ܶǺκε˺
Ǻ·˺õ棬ȻֻǺһȻǰȥȥƸ͡
˲ͽ˺ˡ
ߺ۾֮Уǿҵɱ⣬ˣҲвǹأû뵽
˵ţߺһ⣬Ǻ״濴Ļһѩ״ĹҹٶʮֵĿ졣


416 ȡþ
ѩ״Ĺ˲䵽ϣסѩ䵽ϵʱ򣬸ûа취ܡ
ңʹܣҲûа취㿪ѩ״Ĺ䵽ߵʱȻǺ뵽֮С
ţϵĺȻʧɢǽ뵽֮ˡ
Ϳʼ˪еʧȻȻʼѿ֮Ѻۣ󣬱ɼ飬ͷ­֮е꣬Ҳһѿˡ
ĲˣߺҲһȻһ£һߡ
ȻߵΪȽϵͣҪɱҲô׵ġ
ʮֵѸ٣ߺûзӦߺ֮еĺ̺ǿ
ԣŻôǿ󣬸ӺܶЩ˸ߺΪǿ֮ͷųġ
ЩרűסԷ㣬ԾԲô׾ƿġ
ߺѩ״ĹǸ˵ˣԿˡ
ѩ̺˸ߺĲ֮壬ǣȴǸߺ걾Դ۶ɵġ
˵Ļ϶ôɵȻ걾ԴˣǿǺܾöָġ
ǣߺͬǿպлָ걾ԴģȻẦ¡
֮ͷŵĺǽԷסʹ֮⶯ҽԷ֮͸ȥ
ֿܹߺĺģڳ磬ʦ֮ϣʦ֮£͵ֿסϮ
Ǻڸߺᣬʹ˵֮ڱ⣬֮еʧ
Ȼѩ״ĹâֱӱԷ꣬ʹʦߣԸߺ֮⣬Ҳܹס

걾˾ĸԣ𣬸ߺҲЩƣ롣
ǿ󰡣Ȼˣɷܲ棬һȥɣ˵ţߺһ֮
ٶȼֱٶҲ޼˲ǰ֮ǰһӺĴڣֱֱ֮С
һޣڣ뵽֮УʱľȻҪ졣
廹ûʱѾѿˣֵ˫۰޹⣬Ҳ˺ܶꡣ
ޱȵѪȣߺһ㶣û뵽ԼоȻܹɱ۷ǿߡ
һĻԶڤˣһֻţǣϸ룬Ȼߺǿ󣬵Լʦ֮δصסߺ
ϵİӿϵĺöȥֻһ̣ͷˣΪûá
ЩǸԼϵ㣬ԼǸطͲܴﵽƿĵز
ߺ۾ĿڤϲϵЦӸոһԼһУǿǿ
ͬһƤһԽǴƤԽǿǲԽ
Ⲣ˵ߺһиɻõ̫ǿˣƤ޵ʱҲϡ
ߺҲһԷ̫ǿ󣬸ߺһоûʲôˡ
ߺոҲǺԼжԸʦڤãŻѡȶԸ
һǳһصľ磬һǳ۷ľ磬Ȼߣȴһͼһ߼Զ
Σߺֱ࣬Ϊ֪֮ȻҲû⡣
ߺԼĿڤȥֻҪԼܹ˺ô֤ߺвʦ
ߺԼڤȻ뷨Լˡ
ȻޣСζҿڣܹȰСӷɱңʱһӦǵĻ£ҷΪ۹
ֻĿһۣ˵ڣߣɱҵʱҪɱҸкʱôû뵽һ㣬۹ΪĿ۹Ϊеٻ󣡡
ֻΪеöѣ˵ţ޿ߺ
Թ񣬸ߺһ֪࣬ʱԼ˵ʲôʱԼܵˡ
ȻΪö飬Ǵ˴ǰȴΪҵ޶
Ȼ޵ıЦˣߺĲһ亹뵽ҿһӦ죬ȻĻԺӿ϶ùˡ
ԭˣ룬Сʱ˭ѧ䣬ҿ氡
ǱߵҲУҲǱߵĺдζζҿĸװǰǸ״ˣԭ¸װѣұɣ޳ܣҪ޵ĺŮߴɱңҪɱң
ĽתһߣڽޣǸߺӣеζˣ
ߺ޵п˿һתȻԲԶڤȥ֮Уһѩ״ǹâԶڤȥ
ڤ·оԼĻҪɢһ㣬ǺȻԼĻ忪ʼǸߺԼĻв
УҲҾԲˣҵٻҵĽҾԲѣѡ
ڤͻȻĴ֮еϵӿߺĶʹԱߵĿռ䶼еһжĩ
ǿʹԱߵĺʼѡǸոջڤ޲ߵĺȻôǿ֮£ˡ
Ҳܿߺĺǿ󣬱Ķĩֻиߺĺûлɱмǻ˱顣
ţõȻŤóĿռŤ
ߺСһЩȼ걾ԴСҪƴˣԱߵĽЦѸߺ
ߺ걾Դڤȼ걾ԴΪǿ
ȼҪӿֲȼľȥ
껹дڵĿԣֻʱᱻԭѧࡣ
ǣȼ걾Դȴͬ۷ȼҲǿԼȼ걾ԴǿĹ
෴ȼչȵĻɢĿԡ
ǣҲˣҲ͸ǿʵ
ڵڤ깥˵г۷
ڤ꼸˲ߣŽһȥȻһ̣ü֮С
ȻͿʼʹ˻𣺡棬Ҫ
Һˣְ𣡡
ζң
ûܹ㣡
ߺֻǵĿ˼Լ֡
ʲôأһû֣ʩչһǣ˷գ
ߺ˿ѣĽЦʵСֵܣڸʲôϿɱһȻĻΪ
ߺ۾һôǿ󣬲ͽþɣþ


417 ת
ȸߺ֮ڤѾˣǸ塣
֮ڤûߺոոߺвԼڸߺǵѩ״Ĺ֮£ɪɪ
ǾԵԼûа취ԣ֮зĺ۳ɵĺ֮ϵϱסˡ
Լȼ걾ԴҪôһΣԼ϶û
ߺԼ֮ڤһֻ֮Ѹٵ۹Ļʹ׷ȥ
ߺعͷ˿̫ȥӰӡǺЦЦΣһ˭޶븸أ
СֵܣΪʲôȥ׷ˣĽЦ׷˵ߺĿһۡ
ҲõѡˣϾȻ޶ǻ븸ףһ׵ڵ壬Ҳ
˵ŸߺӰڿһģоԼЩѣΡ
ôˣ޿֮Ӳ㣬ĽЦסԼ
ߺЦЦкþûãѾҵļˣ
ް˸ߺһۣ˵أΪʲôȥ׷أԭûˣ
С죬ĽЦϻοǻȥɣСֵܣƺͰչˣС
˵ţĽЦһһдĽݵƳУȥ춼ƽĽݼңʲô飬ȻӦģ
ȥȥƺ𣿡ߺʵ
ƺƺ˭޻֪ˮѾΪĽƺˣȻ֪ˡ
ߺˣԭǶ춼֮еĽݼҵˡ
ڶ춼飬ޱȽϤһ㣬춼ͬ춼мң۹š
춼㶦֮ƣԱǳΪᡣ
УĽݼҾ֮һҲĽЦʵǻ塣
û뵽ĽЦȻôһǵ۹ǾǶ춼ľߣѳŶ춼
˭Υǵ˼ɡ
ˣ˵ĽݼڵļҳĽݿޣ㲻ᡭһ˵
Ҿ磬ҵܵܵĲǣ츳ҸϺܶ࣬ԵҺԥĽҳ֮λø˵ܵܣϾ֪ǵҳĻҲûĽݼң
ߺ˼һ£ȻʵƺӰɣ
ߺ仰ո˵ĽЦֱԲĵ˵ͷҵս֮ģȴ׶ӿģˮʣͽҴˣ
İɣһչ˺ģ˵ŸߺĽЦļ򣺡Ͼʦ
ĽЦ΢Цŵ˵ͷһţĽݼıдģû취ģ£е飬ҶֻҪֵ㽫Žܣȫˣ
˵꣬ĽЦ̾һתܣҵ֮ʱǷ֮ʱˣ
ߺȻоЩ᲻ĽЦȻǳߣǣӴһֱԼ
֪Էе˼ʦʱ򣬶ûдߡ
꣬ϣߺĺٿˣȴԼ춼ļˣû˸ߺĸоء
ߺĽЦ˵Ľ֣αôż߰ɣ
ĽЦεЦЦһ룬ΪһᣬֵܣԵһѾԻ
Ȼ˿޵ĶӣԸߺ˵˼仰
˵ͷҲص̫֮·ȥûһ˿
ߺ˿ޣЦЦҲȥɣ
ڻҪҪЪϢһ޵ĵʵָ֮˱ǰӣమˡ
ҲʧȥʱమˣǱ֪֪׵మ߸ѵÿɹǰߺг֮Σ֮ӡ
ģҵû̶ֳȣ˵ţߺĻסޣ̫֮ȥ
ڸߺڵʹֻʣһʵ̫Ҳɰ˿
ߺֻа壬̫쿴ȥ̫ˣߺһӣǺ뵽֮ڣ̫֮еķ磬뵽ߺ֮С
˸ߺһ֡
Ǵ̫һ϶ߺԥľ˽ȥ
۹ĻʹԴڤ֮󣬱һֱ̫ӰѳֳԼȴϳ˵
ǣߺȴ֪ΪڵڤҪȫԼġ
۹ˣߺԶĿ۹Ļʹε˵˭֪۹Ļʹ֮£ȴ߲Ϊ֪ڡ
⸻ûʵĻʹҲڶ೤ʱ˰ɡ
˵۹ڣֻʣߣһ˼Σ
˵ȣϼĳߣϴǸġ
٣ǲڰľֱУһ㣬Ͳ۹Ӧġ
ǰǳأҪָأµҪЩˡ
ι飬е˶ᣬȻȫҳնȻڶյײɢˡ
Ҳɶ㣬òװ˸ߺɱٰԼв
ߺǾԵ¼ʹΪʦ磬ҲȥǸߺɣǣﵽʦ֮
Ҳʦ۷壬˵дˡ
ոߺΪٶȣ֪ǸʱѾʲôΪˣ˵Լ޷ľˡ

Щ鶼ߺûйϵˣο۹Լ۹
۹Ѿʵˣڻڤ·ϣǲϵ˼ĽЦ˵ĻҰ¶ġ
ĽЦ˵ĺӷǳˣ겻ţв֪ϼһᡣ
Щϼһϲ굽ڸеӤ֮УӤ𣬶ңȻûΪƾǵ֪ʶǿȡ
Ҫʱָ۷壬Ҳǲܵġ
ǣǶģ뱾屾Ͳݣԣһ֪ˡ
ߺĺǶģǾͺп塣
壬κι죬Ҳƿϰ
ǣֻ봫˵֮У˵Դ½˿ʼֹֻһҲ֪Ƕ֮ǰˡ
ʦ˫ħ̫ˡ
˵ϹŴתɵġ
תͬڶᣬȻҲ꣬ʱֻһ塣
תģǰļ䣬ֻסļ䡣
ǣֵģΪϣȻŮӽϣΪ塣
ߺĻ䣬Լʲôĵطǣ˺ܳʱ䣬ûа취
ֻǵãԼĸ˵ԼʱǶ졣
׳ǵľ֦нﶼʮֵïܣȻϺȻͨһƬ춼·ȼˣ֥Ķϳ
ǱΪߺǻ֮ʣľ֮أû뵽ȴˮ֮ʡ


418 ɧ
ǣĽЦ˵ĿԺܴ
УһҪһ£˵ţߺ뵽ôô׳֡
ǣ뵽ԣߺвԾԥˡ
ĺӣ̥֮Уи׵ΪߺϵʱУôڸ׵ԶԶϵĳȡԱԼ
ԣǸӼʹûͷųĺҲ˵С
Ҫ֪ʱߺľŵųɱ⣬ҪԸССҲȫԣһеĿܡ
֮˵ʶ仯Կ϶һ㣬Ǻһһʡ
磬ߺһˮ֮ʵĻǾˮ壬ֵʣֹȵǿ϶ٱ
ʹˮ壬ԸͨҲ
ǣǲˮ壬ҪתϹŴܣǰʲôʣȻ䲻ڣıܻڡ

ߺһԼͷһǱҪ֪Ļȵˣ
ô񣬵ʲô޿ߺıһãһʵڲڸʲôʵ
ߺȻ˵ģֻ˵ĽЦ˵Լ˵ĺӣǷˡ
޴ȰĿһԼĶӣӦ˵ǵȻҲ˭ĺӣ
ߺЦѵûҵķ𣿡ޣʲôأ

֪ǺܿԭСׯ
ػؾɵأ쳣ļԼߺ֮еϢǸоıĻʹ֪ů١
Ľƺĸڸߺ󣬶Сͺˣȥڤ룬Щһˣ
ߺĶ˵ȥСɱСһҪսĻʹ㣬ҲĶֻ֣֮󣬷ˣ
ߺ˵ˣС֮ǴɱԵʱ򣬸ߺǿ
ǾԲʲôˣǲľ档
û뵽ֻСȻôҪǸĻĴ򲻹Ҫ֪ڿǳߵľŶ˵ţ޾Ȼ¶԰̬
ߺεҡҡͷǧҪСС˭ССضԿ
˵ţȥڤڣСˡ
ߺҵСʱСȻһֻһֻںȾƣҿѾ˺ܶˡ
ڸʲôߺСԱߣ˵
СˣԽǣΨжſˣˣûһĸɣҪȾƣ
ֻҲߺ£СȻĿͷڸߺ𣺡ˣͷĲɲ鵶ˮˮٱ
ߺһԴߣһУСͳڸߺУߺС󼸺һ䣬Ѿˡ
ߺ⣬ȫ˸ղԼ˵ʲôˣôˣĿӻ𣿡
ߺ΢΢𣺡㲻˵ҽӲ𣿻Ȱҽ𣿡
鵶ˮˮСո˵⣬ͱߺˡ
ȥȥȥĸѾˣؼȥɣҵ˵ˣҪָָ
С֮󣬲мĿ˸ߺһۣˣҲ̫ˣÿս궼ˣ㲻ӷ
ߺһ֣һСȥ
õõã۲˵ˣٺ٣֣֣Ǹٺȣ˵ţСһ̵ܳȥˡ
ɽҰľ̳ӣߺЩƣСľƣ
û˸߸ߺ
ڴңͷüأԼò˻صԼȡ
ǿһؽѵľƣһҹ֮䲻ɣôأ
ߺҲûнͼڵȻܵѹƣƾߺǿȣָûġ
ͼֻҪˣȻԼͻܵԶԶģߺԲصġ
ߺԼеУ䵽һȽϸߵɽ֮ϣһȪС
Ҫ˵Ȫ飬Ȫ֮۵ĺȻࡣ
ǻȪ֮еĺߺҲûа취ֿһʼֻܴ¶һ˿϶ܹ׵ĽԼ⡣
ԼպʵĻǺļʵ̶ȣԼ׵ıڴҲ˵
Ȫ飬۶ôĺ䣬ԼȴҲû顣
ڣߺһŻȪ֮еĺԼ걾Դһ߹۲öȪ顣
ȻǻȪ飬ǾǻȪͼ֮лȪĲˣɫҲȻǻɫˡ
Ȫ֮ȣȪɫ΢΢һЩȥǱȻȪ֮۴һ
ߺȪ֮۲Ȼ֪Ȫ֮۵ĴСˡ
ȪȻ󣬵ͷŵĺȪǧҲֹ
ߺЩ֣˵ͬΪȪ֮ϣȪ֮Ȼǿ󣬵ٲӦǿô౶ǣпܣȪ֮ǻȪ֡
֪֮ԴʲôӵģǲҲǺǿأߺš
ʱһһȥߺڤ֮УָԼһҲڲﵽأ˾硣
ǣü¶ȥˣߺûһ˿ͷΪһ˿˿ҲֻǾظӽˡ
ߺķ·һ㴰ֽ֮ͱˣߺȻȻصľ硣
ͬͱƵĻߺԶҲ޷صľ硣
ߺ˺ܶΣͻƣͻƣԴ֮ͻơ
ǣˣĸߺǰ׷ˣ嶼ܴ벽
ǸߺпΪڵĸߺΪȥˣȻҲˣټһöȪİ
ߺڿͻͽѾͻףĽˣҲ˵ڸߺƾĻҲгˡ
Ľ֮󣬸ߺ֪ߵĲ࣬ˣЩǿߣΪʲôôǿ
ɰɽߺЩˡ
ڳ֮µߣǸߺվ򣬶˰
ȻǶԷӵоųɻų֮ϵĹ⾳Ǿˡ
ߺȻǿ󣬵ǻûǿֿ⾳ĵز⻹ǸߺûȪ֮еĺ
ߺԼȫͷųʱڤ붼䶯ˡ
Ϊڤ֮еĶﶼģΪһͻƵףΪԱĽ׶Ρ
ȶǹԱҲǹһģԼĵ̣Լء
ȶ׷׵ߺ
Ļٶȼֱ̫ˡ
ߺʱһ㶣Ȼ󲻶ϵУеʲôߺͨСû⣬ҲǺ
ﵽʱ򣬸ߺ֣оȻоŸ׵Ķ֮ǰȶţһͷһֻè
϶ɢǿϢЩһõߺϣһźһЩ
ԭǸ࣡УһӰģŰɫۣͷڣһ˫ѥӵڽ¡


419 
ʲôȻࣿߺкȻû뵽ڤ֮УȻôǿ࣬ѲЩﶼģ
ߺһֱɣڤһǿĴڵļңЩţ󣬼ݣֻصĴϾʱġ
пʳģЩﶼôǿôǵ˸жôǿ
˱Ÿߺ֣һ󣬶ǰһ飬ƽζĿ
ǰ
ߺĻû˵꣬ͱֻӴˣǺˣȻڤ֮ͻƹ֪֪
ôоôŤأߺоʮֵıŤһ˵ֺúڣһһɫӣԵޱȡ
ңëȻҲǻɫģͦģңôӰӺ˰أ
Ӱӵͷߺȥʱ򣬸ߺ۾һ¾ͽ֮ˣַͷ
ⶼһЩʲôģģµҲ̫˰ɣϵϢȻҲģµʮֵ񣬳˶˼Ұԣûвһĵط
ϵëƻˣߺΪڤء
˵ӣôϲģ𣿡ߺû˵Ȼһˣˣ˭к
ߺ˵ûվģһֻӡ
ҪǸոһߺûа취ֱ棬ֻӻϵǸء
ֻڰץģǸֵĻôôҲǺö˵ĶŻ
ʹӵǿҲı䲻ˣͽԡ
һȣԣߺ·ץʲôҪʱȴҲ벻ˡ
ߺĿ⿴ǺӣоһºӵΪȻгصڤʱˡ
˵Ҫڤ棬ǸڤҲֻӵĶ֡
ӳЩﶼߺģýʲôʲô
ڽʲôߺҲףǼУиɫ
ߺǷĲˣоԼôȦƵġ
ֻﵭĵ˵ͷתøߺоޱȵĹͱŤ
ҺɫĺϣƬƬһ׵ĳۣܿóǳѾЩƾˣȴԵʮֵ࣬ûһ˿Ӳ棬ֻӺܰϧ۰
Ȼûȸߺ˵Ӿ˵ˣſڣȻԣСӣ٣ȫ
ߺɫһڣʲôȻһֻӴˣ˿ԱߣЩСܲƵĹâ
ߺ֪ԼڽˣǾܲ˵ģ˵ֻӣԼ͹ȥ
£òͷ
ߺһһƱУɫȻĵݸӡ
ȴûнӹתͷĺӿȥǺü۵ĿһƱȻֿ˿е飡
˵СӣƱ
ߺ̿Уһΰ˵پٰɣôһü۵ӣԼ͵Ƶġ
ٵĲ̰׺ݵĹâס˰
ߺûʱϹྣ˵Ʊ
ǺˣȻĵ˵ͷȻҡҡͷ
צ鷭һҳ˺ܳһתͷü۵ĶŸߺ˵٣٣ֵǮĶ
Ȼ˿飬ɫ䣬ڱȷˣһŭݣߺҪǲϾҪˣ
ߺͷߣֻӵڸʲô
󣬸ߺǶƱǺҡͷƲǡ
˿飬һίģŸߺٴ٣еվߣŮվұߣ
԰ֻһˣ
漴һҳ顣
һɫࣺɫоЩԾأ

ԼȥһСʱˣڸߺѾܲˣԼѾԷ߶ʮ٣ÿζԼЦá
ңøߺ޷ǣԷı䣬ϵı任Ÿֱ飬ߺɵˡ
ֱ鶼У΢ЦЦ񡭡֮ӦоУÿα鶼ϴ֣ߺǿЦá
ˣ㵽Ҫʲôߺŭĺ
Ǻһ£ȻӵָָԼϵ·ߺˣԭֻҪ·ѡ
ߺΣһԼûļ·Уȥ
ǺӼǴڹģȻǼ·ıڻ䱦ķ˱󣬾ͺ±˿һ
ߺͷߣ˭Ϊ⼸·׳գһɵ߷ˡ
ֻӽӹ·ʱеҲߺ׹һǱͳڸߺС
һ˲ߺЩңǱϺȻдţһС
ķ滹Уһһһ顣
ҲҿߺŭˣҪȻĻߺ֪Լõȵʲôʱ˵ֻ֮󣬻һΡ
ԭӲ֪·ʲôֻ֪ഩģҲֻ֪ѰģȻʸߺ
Ҫ֪ûʲô·֮ĴǸߺĵȥĲ֪ȵʲôʱˡ
ĸǿвȥ·أ
ֲǽлӣʹǽлҲӦʳɣ·Ӧû̫ȤԶԲأпչ·
ߺź˵˵û˰ɣûҿˣ
˵ţߺͽȥûߵһ룬ӺȻס˸ߺ˵㣬ոĻ㻹û˵أΪʲôڤ֮ͻΪ仹ΪӶͻƵ׵ġ
ߺ˵ֻ֮٣ֻǽָ꣬ͻƵĶ̫ǿһЩʺϣ
ߺûһ˿һı仯ǣϾԷһ֣ҪһЩô
ߺһ·С
Ǹߺѩʱ֣͹ȥģ˵һֲսٷ
ɫףɫڣɫĳѥɫտ̣һۿȥɫĻ
ǺӴЩ֮󣬼ֱһһ㡣
ͲиˣеĻǿ͸Ϊ˳ˡ
Ǻҿ˿ĵ˵ͷ˺ʶ࣬ܲʶ㣡
ߺһת磡ţֲҹ涨Ժе˶Ҫҽк磡
ǣټߺк
ôҺ磿ӷʵ
ߺ֮дƣ͸˼һġ
룬˵ͷ˵Ҳ޵ͶģãͽкְɣǣҪк磡
˵ţǺָָЩ
ţһУߺʵȥˣתˣкû
ϻϵкӿʲô°Ȼһֻˣ˰죬Ҳûã޵ĸоʲôأ
ЩȻˣ˰죬ǸߺһջҲûУоظһֻҪǰһǳˡ
ڵߺϸʱȴôҲ벻ˣǸо·һƻԼԽǻ룬Խ벻


420 춼
ߺȴǿȷǸоͻƵĹؼҵָоͿ˳Ľˡ
ߺȥʱѾ˺üˣ޵Ķӷ·ûʲô仯Ψһı仯С˵ġ
޵Ķӷ·ҹϢʱǴա
ߺϲǲΰ룬ԼĺϹŴתǾһٺò顣
ԼĺǱ˶ˣǾͲһ¡
ǰԼĺӻĿһЩ
Ͼĸ֮ͷиߺĺˣЩԡ
Ƕ⡣
ͬߺԼһܺõӣʮ䣬һһ㣬Сүڵİ֮
ܹڸߺﵽֳɾ͵ģ˵ڻûҵ
ڸߺ˵ûпڣһеߣܹƾͷֿҲǲܵġ
ߺԼ˲ˣкܶҪøߺض죬ߺʮֵ

һӣҲ£ߺڵΪѾûˡ
޵ľҲһͲҪˡ
ߺҪǣ䣬ˣҪģӴͻΪ
ԣСׯѾʺϸߺ˴ˡ
Ľƺȥﶼνǣߺֻǻ澳Ϊûȥ춼
춼Ϊڻ֮£ȥ֮󣬾ͻᱻ䱬
ԣߺڴ֮еȴһЩӣȵĽƺΪͻƵ׶Σǰߵġ
ǴӴ̫ʱ򣬸ߺ˳ǣ򣬽ҲˣʱҲ޵ġ
ԣһ·ϸߺ˵ҲǺۡ
һֱ֮Уڼû˱ԣŸϤˣߺȥһ۹Сųûԣŵꡣ
Ȼ󣬴ԣ˴档
ߺ۹ʱûԼڶˡ
ǣЩô˵
Ҷߺû˵˼ȻĻ۹ʹ˶ڸߺ¡
ߺڤһĿֻţ¸ߺģ㵽һǳصĵط
ߺȻˣеĽƺûȥĲ磬ֱӷˡ
ߺ֮Ÿҳֱͨͨ
ڣΪûлָǸողߺȫָˣҺ
Щ˵û֧ŻǵĵȴôҲ޷˵ߺ
ͺԼĵǹĭģ̵ߺϣߺûκ˺
Ψһ˺ҲǸߺ·˰ɣߺһȥܵĿռ䶼Ťˣһεǵıס𿪡
ʱ򣬸ߺӰѾˣԼеĵҲֻʣеıˡ
ˣڤ̾Сӵʵ츳ʵ̫ǿˣֻϧ˻ᣬɳʱҲŷ֣ȻĻ

ڤĺϧߺûпᣬڸߺ֮Уأ޸
ȥ춼·ϣ춼һˣߺҲʮˣǴûȥ춼
ⶫ춼ʮˣУĪĪҵռ򣬻ǱȽϷḻ򡭡
֮УΪߺⶫ춼·ֲͼ
޵Ľ⣬ߺˣȻϣʵ޼
ʵĽݼļͼңǴݺĹϵֻҪһұһұض
֮еĪҲ˱ȽϸĵĵҲԽǿԽǿ
ңϣռһƣĪҵĲƣҲֻܹӲд
ߺ־ȣû뵽֮ĶôпᣬҲϿô
ߺɵÿЦĽЦԵǰԼһϣԼһĽݼңԼȴܵȥˡ
ߺ߷ߵ뵽漴ΣԼһҲⲻ˲͵ˡ
ڽĶߺȴϣ
춼֮ڣضߣ½۷Ĵڡ
ΪֹߺûпĲߣõһΣǿ軪־
뿴𾳵ʲôʵܹܵʹҲԹˡߺ˫֮Уڴ˵
޵ĵĿŸߺֹߺ̫ˣ¸ߺ֮󣬻᲻֪ߵغս
ʵСߺˣߺȻǻûе޴ĵز
ΪԼȫǸߺ˱һΪԼİΣ
һ˽нԶģ˶춼ĵʮ춼ࡣ
ɺǿڳ򣬼۷壬Ավ
ߺûж˵ϻ˼ʯɹĽˣڸߺϵʯ٣ϾôɱԽĹôٵˡ
ǣҪʯǶһ㣬ǶڸߺҲֻǾţһëѡ
˳ǳ֮УʮĽ춼ʮЩ죬ƽĳǳأû춼Ĵֿ㡣
һشŵĳǳذɣֻסڶ࣬ôһҲӦ˳ġ
˵Ľݼҵĵ֮һˣ֮УĽݼҵСˣԣõҲֵط
򣬶ǵعϡԣĽƺĻΪ϶ٵ
⣬ҲǵǸطԱģΪȻøоܲٵ
ٶȷǳĿ죬ǸߺʹýΪס£ڵĽƺѾǻ۷ˡ
ǣҲΪȶԺҲ޷Ŀܡ
ĽƺǸߺĵһͽܣҲ˵ǸߺĴӣߺȻԼһ
ĽƺȻоޱȵĺ䣬ǣѹֲסΪȴֹͣˡ
Щ죬ߺûţޣǽѧ
һЩѧϵĶνǾְûһ˿иʦĽƺоǳҡ
ӸߺĽ֮УԼˮʣˮе߶Ϊһַʡ
ֻԼʦôΪΪˮ֮ԴҲϵĹԼ
ұԼҲˮʵߣҲΪʱ죬ųɹģǣоĽƺûеñʱ
ȵǸʱĽƺԼͻҪ󣬻ԼȥѰҵġ
뵽ʮ֮󣬸ߺû̸Ľݼҵķֲڣڳ֮һطס
룬ȻĽƺԼĵӣҪԼͽܵΪһֽ׶ΣҪĽݼҵ˿ˡ
ߺںԼӣںĽƺܵܲˡ
Ҫ֪Ľƺڴׯ֪ն񣬸˵ִ֮Уż󣬼ֱǶţëˮԷһ򵥡
ϣԼͽܣΪʵ飬˳Ц


421 Ľݷֲ
ߺٴνԼΪס̫ҡϾһʮ꣬ͿԵ۷塣
˵ȥ̫˼ʹߺΪȻÿߺĿɿڴ
ǺҲûߺ
ֻǾڸߺ䣬ڵĸߺŲʮ꣬ǸߺΪȴǳˡ
˵ߺпڲʮҵʱ򣬾ͻƵ˳硣
ߣòԱһֱûʲôı仯֮ǰ龳ʱǿӻò˥ϵٶȡ
ڵĸߺѾǳˣǸߺʵ䣬û֪ҲһһЩĸǿߡ
޵Ľգһ˵Ľ㣬ȻѾ֮ǷǼ޵ˣǶΪˡ
øߺʵסǣȻĻһкܶ鷳ģʹߺ鷳ɲ١
ܶ಻۾ˣǵΪʵ̫ˣûа취ߺԾȻڨ
ߺһ֣㽫ڨЩ߸ɣˡ

ߺڶ춼һεˣڸߺϤĽ̵֮£ĽƺΪٵһǧ˵
ЩӣĽƺΪ˵һǧҲΪ
ڣΪѾǻ۷壬һǻء
ǣˮʣԣܹܻصҲͲˣһͨġ
ĽƺǱȽϲùԸߺûǿԵıԼķĿꡣ
ֻԼϲķĿܹ꣬Ϊ
ߺڶ춼֮УΪĽƺѰҹĹ׵ͼ
ûѰұĹڸߺ׵ͼĹĽƺУܷӳ

ʦڵļѾ¯ˣĽƺߺˣ֮С
ڳȻҲĵطǸط˶ңߺûѡǡ
ʮ棬Ҳ˵޷ش
ڸߺΪѾǳˣңͨĳ磬ȫпбסԼˡ
ţǺӾϵ߲Լݳ١
޵ոߺ˴˲С鷳ֻҪһţͷңɫɴ档
̺˸ߺԣҪ뿿о޵գǶԷΪѾﵽʦľ硣
ߺĵ˵ͷãھͿʼɣ
Ľƺгһ½׵ĹǸߺΪѰҵģΪľǸĽƺʵ
Ľƺִң˫۽ıϣߺһʯƯԼʮ
ֻҪʮʯӣȫУɹˣߺ˵꣬Ȼ
Щʯ˷ȥĽƺ۾ûеĹҺȻſʮ˷ȥ
Щ򣬶ʯӵķ
ɳȥ֮󣬾ȻǰֱߵķеģǲϵĴĿȥ
ЩʯӻûʧӰٵʱĽƺеļ׼ȷ䵽档
ߺ֮˵ͷֻɳȥöڵʵȻԸصЩѣǾܹܻصһָˡ
ǸøʲôԱ߸ԼĶ˵⼸ߺĶÿһ춼ߺྡ
ߺҲֵˣԼĶ档
Сһߺ˵ҲԽԽ졣
ߺ޶ЩΣ˼ҵĺӶǳ֮һſʼѧ
ԼĶȴôڲֻͬ꣬ǱԽԽ죬˵Ѿĺˡ
ߺɣԼĶӳʱǲǵǳ˵ˣ
ңӵҲʮֵǿѾԵֵסߺһаˡ
ȻǺþǸߺеĻ¼ʹ̥ʮҲ׼ֵܵס
ǣߺȴ֪ԼĶ壬Ȼ̥֮еܹǣ֮Щĳ
ʱЩǸߺĺˣǻûӵʲôԣʲôԵ
ҪȻ˵壬ôһ嶼ûгأ
ѽ˭˭ˮңʱһͻȻǱߴߺɫû뵽һطܵ˺
ոոߺǸӦˣû뵽ĽƺļתǸ˵ϡ
˵һŮӣߺûʲôϸ𣬱Ҳûɱ˴ˣĽƺͷʮ
죬ǿȥĽݼҵķֲˣҹúϢɣ˵ţߺ˽ȥ

ڶ죬ߺĽƺĽݷֲȥ
ոյߺ㱻ˣԲĽݼҵķֲȥ
˵Ҳǿߺȴߡ
鷳ķּҳһҸߺǰݷãߺ˵
ԵȣȥپͻһǺߣܹߺΪԸո˵ôĿ
˽ȥûһȻˣźһˬʵЦҿǺηֵܣң
һٵˣ˳
һã飬ԲʲôС¡
ܹͶĽݼңʹĽݼҵĳϣҲٺòˣ
ߺĸоԷΪǳأʮֵʵսԼƾȡʤ
Ҳ֮еĹأΪͬߣʹһߣƽཻġ
ߺĹ˹֣ã¸ߺ֮ǰ
ȥ˵˵һǰȥߺĸ
ķֲȣǲ̫ԶˣǣϾĽݼҵԣҲǺûʡ
ԺһƬ£Ũ̶ȱ棬֪˶ٱ
ߺ֪ɹߣڵ²󷨣ձĵط
Ҳ±ĵطԽԽĽݸ֮ڵԽԽԣ
ȴǱЩӹţǸĵطöˡ
¥֮䣬ƬСɽľѵСӣһԴһ㣬ߺ̲ס̾ˡ
֮У
ҽһ£ҽĽƷ壬Ľݼҵʵ̫Ա䵽Ƨ֮أûʲôдģ£
ҽˣԼҲýһ¡
ҽиߺλҵӣޣҵͽܣ˴ǰ֮УҵͽܽĽݼң
ߺ΢Ц˵ЦˣĽƷȴЦˡ
Ǹߺ룬Ȼϲʤǣƫƫȴ˼롣
ߺ޵Ϊȫǳ磬һ㣬ĽƷܵ
ǣĽƺʵȴֻǻأߣĽݼұȱȽǡ
οĽƺᣬԲʲôš
ʱߺȻһ˿ԾΪһȻ¶ѲҪɱԼ
ǣǽȴĽƷȥ


422 С
ĽƷɫһڣָֻһǽͶˡ
ѩú֣û̸𣿡ĽƷȵ֮е簮ȴôҲڸǲסġ
ҵıҵĽôˣŮʱһɰŮĽƷ彿ߵ
ȮŮ֪λλԭ£ĽƷЦǺǵĵλǹͣΪ˸λѹͰλλ飡
ĽƷ岻ĽƺĴڣڲոյ飬ֱ˵ȥˡ
Ҫ֪Ҳֻ糿ѣһô˷ˣ
Ľ֣ҵĻûף´˴ǰҪΪͽģߺٴἰɫѾûԭˣǳ
ĽƷ忴ߺʶȤ֪ԼһҪ˵ˣǶλĽݼңĽݼԵɨԴλõĻþǣֻһˣ飬ˡ²ܴӦ
˵ţĽƷ屳ȥڿߺ
ߺһЦҿˣҵͽֽĽƺĽݼҵˣѵĽݼҾͲ𣿡
⣬ĽƷɫ΢΢ݡ
͵תͷĽƺ˵Ľƺֱģ
ߺ˵֪Ľݿޣʲôˣ
µ壬ҸĽЦǼҳĸ磡ĽƷһߴĽƺһ߻شߺĻ
ĽЦֵƣԭͽˣĽϵøɶӣ
ĽƷһ㶣Ȼ˳˼λƬ֮ʣº¶Ҹ׵ֵܣλҵĸֵܣ
ߺҲԼ˵ĻԷɣҲԭ
ҿĽЦ֮ǰһš
ĽָµƣţûбҪ˰ɣ㸸͸ģҿûȫ𿪰ɣ˵ţߺǰ˻Ρ
һۣ
ߺᶯƾĽƷȥǣû뵽ĽѩƤĽץȥ
ߺƱŷһһգĽѩͱɳȥ
ĽƷסοµˤʵ
ʱĽƷҲ˲ָߺˣæƿȥƵһɲǣĽƷ档
Ǹ˼ң˶ʮˣֶһûпƺ¡
ƵĵһۣĽƷ֪ˣ뵱ոճûãĸͻƳ磬Ȼ֮С
δôأ
ˣȻڲܽиߺСֵܵȵȳƺˣϾһԼĸ׵һȥˡ
Ȼߴ಻Сڣ飬Ƿֵĺġ
ֶĽƷС壡ĽƷȻŸߺһݣȻֶһݣС
ߺЩΣֶд˴񣡡
ôУĽݼйأѩСүүС̣У壡˵ţĽƷԼŮ˵
УҵҲ˶٣ƾʲôҽСүүУһʵôʸҵ𣿡˵ţĽѩıżԼĸߵ
ȮŮֶ߻ˣС岻Ҫ֣ĽƷ岻˼˵
ߺ˰֣޷˵ıҲûҵȷ󣡡
С
ʮ壡
ž
ĽƷеĲ豭ˤ˵ϣ㶵ĿŸߺЦѣֲø˼ֵأСʹˣֶ磡
ĽЦˣûһʺõģҪȻҲ³
ĽƷߵĽƺǰֵܣղŸ粻֪ݣʲôʧ֮£
Ľƺ˰֣ʾû£ֳʦ̵ң˭޹
С壬ʣҸںδԼĸףǱȽϹĵġ
ߺ⣬Ц˵ģأѰγķţý˾磡
⣬ĽƷ̾һߺΪԼĸףʧ䡣
ֶҲˣȵĽѰ˳Ĳţɹ˼֮󣬾ͻֶžۣߺο

ĽƷ峤̾һֹ
ߺ鲢ûô򵥣·ʲô֮ʲô˵ǲǳʲôˣ
ȻСʵˣұҲֱ˰ɣ鱨ĪҵĪ̴һ뵽ʮ֮Уıʲô
ұ룬Ǹ⣬ʹʱʲô飬Ҳܹ˼ҲһЩǡ
˵ĽƷһ̾Ϣ
ĪʲôΪߺҲ֪ԣæʵ
ȻʲôϣǸߺıְʣԼ˵е˵ȥˡĪĪҼҳܣҲгؾ磬ҪǸ⣬ƾ۷ΪҪǣһʲô£
ԭֻǴ°ͰˣߺЦ
ĽƷסˣߺСĪҪЦԷǳصΪ
㿴ǿЦ𣿡ߺʵ
ڸߺĽƷҲ޻˵ֻĬĬĵ˵ͷһСıǣ
ȴǿɬĽСҲ֪ǲʵϣԼʮһڴﰡ
ĽƷĻɣߺû˵ʲôһ׻
ȻҪʸߺѯһ¶Է鱨ƣǰ֮кܶߣ֮̽ˣʲô֣Ҳ֪Ƕ٣ǿȷǣܶ࡭
ߺΰ̽ԱӦȥն˰ɣ鶼㲻ܶǶ٣
Ȼ˼ҵ飬ߺҲڶ֣Ҳûٶʡ
ĪƵûпԷйĽݼҵ˼
ߺʱĽƷȻ뵽һԣãǵĿǸո̽Ŀ
⣬ߺҲˣʲô
С֪ǰЩ죬ĽݼڰĪ֮ˣһ̽ڣҵ
ǿǴнױĶұ
ڵصǵ֮ˣԣĽռ˶ڣڽһռˡ
ڿĪҲˣ뵽һȫ֮ߣ֣Ǵ
ߺˣϣʮֵĺгǰȴҲǶøľ档
ˣ飬ͽȥɣ˶ˣһиʲô紵ݶ͸ңߺԸ
ȻͷĽƺͽ飡
ĽƷЩΪѣС壬Щ㲻֪Ľݼ壬ҵɢӵܣ壬ֻܹңҲǶ춼֮ڵĽݼңԣ顭
ߺνЦЦˣֵܣôأймҹ棬ɣʱҪȥ춼ģ


423 
ߺĴȥ𣿡ϢʱڸߺĶ˵
ߺ˵ͷ㻹ǲĽЦ뷨ѿҲǸڼįˣҪսһսɴ춼Ľݼң
ڶ죬븮е˶˺ܶ࣬Ƕʮļ壬ʮˡ
ĽݼҵģĽݼǻңյǹŹǶǹŹĳ񣬶ϣߺݱ֤ʵϢϾʹĽݷֲɢȥˡ
ߺΪĽЦĽֵܣĽЦǹŹңĽݼҼҳʵĽݿ޵ĵܵܣǸߺĵλȻҲǽˡ
ҲӦүҲͽ᣿
ȫĽƷ嵲棬ƸߺڱչأӼκεĿˣҲǸߺķԸ
Ȼ֪˭ɢϢǴӸߺʮˣû¶֪ߺҲһϲ˴ŵˡ
̫үүȥͲͣߺʱһ
ĽݼҷֲѾߣϾ߲ΪɣɿĽƷ廹һλûҪء
ߺĴλվȥ
ϣߺֻ˵һϿʼ
ޣ˯ˣеԭ򣬸ߺã⼸˯߶˺ܶࡣ
ÿ˯ʱҲ֮ǰˣߺعͷʵ޶ҪҪһȥԷ
һ˫ҡҡͷҾͲȥˣĺ˵ţһת˯ˡ
˵޵ΪӦøеǣڸߺȴܸоĺƣ

飬ߺҲ޵꣬ûܵʲôˣң˯ʱ򣬿֮еա
ӣӣߺĺԼĶӶû˵
ߺΣ˳ȥ֮ǰС˳Сúõıޡ
Сʾˣˣóԣĺÿ죡
ߺε˵ʲôʱܹ˵˵û˼
Ӹ֮Уҿ֪֮ʱұˣ
ߺȻĵ˵ͷСѪǿ󣬿Ӧ׵֮ˣӵ֮Ѫ
Ϊ֮Ѫߺû˵еģ׾ԵģĽ֮󣬶Ҳ
ߺȥԷʱ򣬷׵λˣϾߺڵĵλǳˣλأ
ĽѩĵſӣǣĵĿںԺĽƺһƳ
һɽҰûʶߺ⣬ɫˡ
Բںô˵ȴܲںô˵Լͽܡ
ƺһ㣬Цˣߺ˵ţվȥ
ߺɫˣĽƺ֪Լʦˣߺ¶ݣǣʱǾʹԼ
ԼʦˣҲûгȥˣæվеĿ£ĸڸߺĺ档
ѩ̫ˣô˵壡ߺ߳ȥĽƷҲò˼ѩ
ߣһûӣԷôûȡѩϲ˵
ˡôзȣԼ԰ɣ˵ţĽƷŭվȻ˳ȥ
ϣʣĽѩԼ
ĽѩŭĽˤ˵ϣɶӣΪ㣬Ҫÿ

Լ˼죬ߺҲûȥóԹĽƺҪԷҲҸߺ
ߺĽָ֮пкܶ⣬ʮʱ򲹳ģⶼΪ˸ߺϰˡ
ߺûȥԷĽƷ֪ߺգҲԼŮûȥ
һĽݼҷ徻˺ܶ࣬һ٣⼸˾ƵģûȥóԹ
գڸߺסķԺУߺĽƺԱ֮Ϣһ̵ĽƺʼС
ڸߺΪָо֮ǰ޷ҪȪ飬ʹûȪ飬ᱻһЩΪǿ֪
ԣ⼸ߺҲ£ľĽ̵ĽƺΪøǿ
ڵĽƺѾǳĽӽˣֻһصĽ׶Σ۳
Դ֮ĽƺҲôˣɽĴڡ
ЩֻһЩǿ޶ѣ֪֮Ľƺ
ʱԼûеĻᣬиߺôһʦ̵Լͻƻܿġ
ʦ㵱뵽أ˶೤ʱ䣿Ͼ֮գڵϣĽƺ˸ߺ
ߺǵ¶һ˿΢Цҵ˺ܶ꣬Ǻǣ㲻ںˣҪԼҪԼ뷨Ҫ߳Լ·
ǣʦ𣡡

ߺΪĽƺʱ򣬸ߺȻͣס˵ˣĽݼҵ˶ڻۣˡ
ˣҪˡ
ҪúʦţڸˣжǿͿԼˣһǿ֮ģʹ츳ڲУҲɾһǿߣûеĻʹ츳ǿҲӹµһѣߺ
ǿģʲôʣģ㶮𣿡
ǣͽˣĽƺŸߺϹϾľһȵͦʱ򣬸ߺѾ֪١
Ľݼҵ֮Уֱɽ˺е߶ۼ棬ȴʲô
ߺ˳˿ܣе˶ԸߺϹµȲμˣ
ڸߺûܵʲôͣԳүʣǣߺȴǾС壬ֻóˡ
ߺϸĿ˿ȻߣǶӣϵģĶС
ĽƷ壬һߡ
С壡ĽƷȵæߵߺ˵
ߺ˵ʲô飬ǲʲôˣ
ǶˣھۼǣϣֵܹסǣĽƷ˵
ߺתͷָˣ㣬㣬ɣһ˸һҪϼҲһ˵أ˻ܱһ¼壡
ʲô֪𣿡ߺ߷Ը
ûӦǣתͷĽƷ壬ߺ֪ѯʣϾǵĽݼҡ
ĽƷ˵ͷһжСķԸ˭ҲΥ
ǣˣʱ߲žϹ˵
ߺ͵ĿĽƺһۣ츳ȻУҲȷ򶨡
ҪƽԷԷгߣԼⷽв;ˡ
ǣڵĽƷȴ˵ĹϣѶϣߺ͡
һ쵼ˣһ˲ȥִеĻôûЧ֮ơ
ͬûʤ㣬βעһ٣ڸߺӣĴϣ
ߺĽƷļ򣺡ˣĽҲϻοˣ


424 ŭط
С壬Ӧô죿ĽƷʵ
ߺصһЦǲǴǵĿǾͽԱȥȥռǵĿס˿󹤣ؿ֮һȫɱ
ĽƷ۾һ԰Լôû뵽Լ͸䲻⣬ҿǲࡣ
ȥôǼҿûгˣԼ˺βô˻ᣬЩռһ
СĽƷЦŶԸߺ
ߺ˵ˣϿ´ɣ֮е󹤶һĳߣ
ĽƷ˵ͷæ´齻ȥͺˣֻġ
ߺ˵ͷҲɣǱߵĿҿԶ
С壬ҿȻǺԶǲǷǳĽȫеĻҲҪһʱأĽƷ˵
Ǿ͸ˣʱǱ߳ʵ飬ȻȥǱߵģĶһ㾪ϲٻȥռԼĿȦǾ͵÷ˣ
ߺɭ˵⣬ĽƷһ¡
ҿߺǶԷ˰ȻĻǵԼ˰
ĽƷ·ߺһ·Ǳȥ
һ˽Ŀ󳡣ʱǿֻʣʮˣǵΪǺߣоȻһ۷ߡ
ȻŵǺܸǿˣڸߺ˵ǰǸͲһ֮УòŸߺ֣ʣǼλߣȿֺĽЩȫɱˡ
ʮˣʱ򶼲֪ôġ
ɫϸߺ˿أôָᷢߺ˵٣ǿʵѹټ͵Ϯû˿
ЩϢȥˣЩǶڿɪɪЩ󹤴Լǻ۷嵽ǿһ׶Ρ
ڣؤҲò١
Щ˴󲿷ֶǱĪץģһĪҵˣڷĳִԱóνʮֵҡ
ɱе֮󣬸ߺĽƷˣ˶ƾڿС
ߺոճ֣Ȼڿ֮Уһĵ֣ǣ𣿡
ʮֵģҲǼǲţߺȴǸʮֵϤ
͵ػͷ֮пȥƾ˲ҵһߣȫڣӰݡ
϶Ǻڵģܾûϴˣ˫۾ߺԶǵġ
󵨣˵ܹеģйŵһ󹤣˵ȥеƤޣһޱ˵ϴȥ
žžž
ʹڵϹȥߺϵĻǸоֱ̫Ϥˡ
ڱ仯Ըߺû
Ƥ޲ϵĳˣߺ̱÷Ӧ˹ͬģҲڻ˵ݡ
ס֣ߺ˫۱¶
ΪߺҪԼأæס֣ȻֽƤ˫ַϣˣС֮еĹкܶྫԸ׸ˣֻԸΪЧ
ߺһ˲ͳ棬ٶԱߵĽƷһ
ΪģߺոձٶȣٶȲ֪϶ٱԼ۾ûа취׽
Ÿߺסķɱ⣬ߺϽǿƣԼľƣĽƷЩ̾
ˣǻˣ˵ǸƤ޵ˡ
Ӹոյʶߺߺȵġ
ǸߺʶãƫƫߺôķӦ֤ߺʶˣʶҹϵ
ͬģڸߺϵϢޱȺ䣬·һЩܹƣоǸߺΪ
ԭߺһ˿ûУαŭȶߺıߺȻⲻסЩˡ
ߺϽʼΪһǾ˵ĺء
̶ȲǾȣܶߣΪľơ
ǣߺΪĿʼͬʱǵҲʼſˡ
أڣ۷塭һ۷壬ڸߺΪѾͬˡ
ĽƷֱǿɵˣڹŹôʱ䣬ûпأΪȻΪͬһǳһ۷֮
ˡǸҲ鲻ˣ˵ˡ
ߺ˫۳Ѫͷϵոڸʲô
Ϊûе˵ˣæԼԼͣСĸԭ£С˸
عߺЦˣıˣŲϵĶ¡
ߺɫ˵ǸֳͷҲ̫һЩɣ
˵ţߺһֳȥ˵ͷ­ʣһ룬һ뱻ߺĵķ飬ԽѣѪӿ
ʹߺûзŹһȭ˵ϣ˵ѳ˺üꡣ
ߺվѪɺָָЩˣô֮л˭ǹߣ˵
ôһ֣˭˵Źﲻ˵ߺûôúŪҲȻĻҲɱǣֻ
ָո³кü˶һ£ߺ᲻֪ô£ƾǴ˼ȭ
һεǼ˱㻯Ϊ顣
⼸ɱˣߺ˫ɳѪոձǸߣʹ˵죬ô
ԭ˲ǱˣǵߺһĽ졣
Դߺ󣬸ߺҲûмû뵽ȴ
ڵĽѾյˣΪǷ³
뵱ߺһںʱĽ콫߾콣ȫʩչ
ңΣգߺһ𹲶ȿѡ
Ҫ˵ʱֻҪߺ˵Լ͸ߺ޹ϵ϶ܵǣǣֱһˣһ
֣Ȼ㣬û뵽ûѾɳ˹زˣڸߺĻУεһЦ
ߺ˺۵ƤӡֲҵЦݣһ¶о޾ŭҪйҲй
ߺǿŲǿһЦ㵹ãܵңˣң㻹˰ɣ
Ǻǣǰû뵽뺮֣Զ뵱ҵһЦ˵ȥǣ˵һιȥˡ
ߺΪ̽ϵƣ֪֮еߺɫԽԽ䣬ѾƲס֮е
׸ĽƷ壬ͷı˰ɫҲ۷壬ﵽ۷Ľ׶Ρ
󶴶ˣ棬УˣǼǳߣֿ죬ڿѾˡ


425 Ѫȱ
ߺһǱȫĺһɲǼ仯˺뵽ߺ֮УߺɫҲı䣬˫۳Ѫͷ¶ˡ
ֻɫҲӵĺˣһͷ׷޷ԶڿƯ˺ĽƷҲǳճɵɵĿŸߺаֶ
⡭ô£ߺޱ飬˵û˿ĸ飬ͷ·һ麮һ䡣
ĽƷ̽ԭԭ߸ߺԭЩ˺пǵĪңԵ޹ʱ֮ġ
ȻĪҵǿ߿ܣһвãȭ߸ߣһҲпܵġ
ոǱӴǶģʱʱĶᱻһ١
˵ţߺƿ·˿ϣһƤɵˣߺֻһֱ֮š
Ȼ뽣첢δݳֵܣǣߺѽ֮Ϊֵܡ
ĸоߺҲͬİɡ
Ȼ˺ԼֵܣøߺеŭǼµķŭ
Ī𣿺ٺ٣ҿǻĲͷˣߺĬĬ߶
󣬱ԸĽƷ壺ǲ˽λֵܴʮзֺأҾ֮أ
䣬ߺǶ⼸˵ģ˵汸鲢ï
⼸˿Ÿߺ˫֮гѪ˿ɣенʲôأԼһɥġ
ǣ˵ķԸǼ˶Ըߺ˵
˵֮󣬱ˣĽƷ廹Ը찲ú֮һΪ֮ˣõʥҩ
ڣ⼸˭֪ԸߺҪ
ڣңȥĪҪǣ֮أϣߺ˫֮Уէ֡
ǰһľ̵ıһ
С壬ԭСֶĪΪСͬʹСʵȺҲ˫ȭѵ֣οԷǲ֪жٳߡ
ûĽƷ˵꣬ߺͽ֮ˣ㻹ҵв

Ǿ߰ɣ˵ţߺȻͷзȥȻ׼һ򣬳Ǹ˹ȥ
ٶȣǿ쵽˼¡
ĽƷæǸȥȴǴΪǴķ
ֵǣô֪Ѳ۷Ѿֿµĵز
֪ǣߺ֮ǿ󣬾ĸףʦ߶Ϊ֮գ硣
ǣߺۣ֮ûʩչ˫Ƿǳһ߸оһѰҡ
һоһкܶߵľۼ֮أԱȻкܶߡ
ǣڸߺУǸʲôһ˲ͿԽ֮ˡ
ңߺսپԲġ
Ϊȥ飬ɱ⼸ˣѾƽϢ˸ߺеŭ𣬶ԸǣߺòþͿԽȫ
ڸߺУ⼸ߣҲƽϢߺеķŭҲԲ֮ܵ˺
ߺǼ򵥵ļ֮䣬ڼϸߺһԱٶȷǳĿ졣Զ̶̵ʱ͵Ŀǰļˡ
һ۷ߣڸߺ
˭ߺȫֱðռ䶼סˣɢƣһ㶼֪Լ϶ˡ
ܹ˹ĪңһͣǲСĹ͡
ǣĪҵˣߺɫǳ䵭ʵ
ԷһȻ˾ΪƾĪҵԷ
˴˵ܹһʮĽƷˣԷС
뵽⣬ææʧĵͷǡ
ߺ¶һ˿а΢Ц˿ţֲޱȡ
ǣǾͺ˺ٺ٣ߺаЦţȫ̾ͱˣθߺûп
ֱӾʹԼİʽ֮
һ˲䣬ЩͽԷŰΧסȻ˲˺֮ӡ档
ǾֵĿܣҪѿǣϧôѣûа취ѿߺĺǵƤӡ
ң֮һ𣬾ǽǽһ㡣
ǺϵϮǵ壬Ǹоޱȵı䣬ȴҲ޷ͻƿ
ߺЦݸӵĲˣ̵Цţٺٺ٣ʹҾӵʹһɣʴ֮
һɺ뵽ı֮УѸٵռǵ壬Ǳסߺɫȴӵķ
ҪӳΪŭ֮ߺĴȻһԾʩչС
ߺȻȫȫıģǵȻں潥ı仯
УкܶϿʼãһʼʱ򣬻ǱȽϵģŸãָõٶԽԽ졣
ЩĵطӵѸ٣ΪģƩ龳֮ߣһɲֻͱһѰ׹ǡ
Щ׹ǾȻڸС
ͷʧһɶӴʧ꣬ʱʧӰ١
ߺĺǻȪͼ֮еĺͶ˺ڲ⾳ʱ򣬾Կȿ˺⾳ˡ
񣬸ߺǽȣѲǵıƣǰ壬ֹر𣬼ֱǲ̫ǿˡ
ģǸĪҲֵסˣϿʼð麹ǣ˺ˮ֮Ǹʴ֮ǿˡ
ֻһƤͱߺĸʴ֮һɶ¶⡣
˺õĿˣ˵ˡ
ֻһ˵Ƥȫıˣ⣬ͷ࣬һɶ
꣬ոðͱʴˣڱʹ˻š
ߺûһ˿ɶʹĺУߺûһһ˿ĸı䣬Ц档
ǣϸߺİ׷ȴԵ÷ǳ죬ӵ顣
ĽƷ˵صʱʲôûˣǺɺ뵽ߺ֮С
ԭأʲôûʣ£ֻʣһ̲̲Ѫˮʣµʲôûˡ
ЩѪˮǺɫģǱߺĸʴ֮Ҳ˵Եʡ
ھЩѪˮ֮УҲ̺Ÿʴֻ֮Ҫһһ˿ͻᱻʴ
⣬⣬С壬߾ǿĸˣҪҪĽƷ˵ĻߺȻˡ
ˣȫɥڴˣˣҲֻһЩСϺףΪǣߺޱ˵
ĽƷоȼˣû뵽ߺȻȻǿֻһߺͽе˸ˡ
Ҫ֪Է˲٣ҲһȺɵģг۷ߡ
᲻ƭأĽƷ뵽
ǣߺĻʹʣǽҪȥڰôɹȥɣߺ˫գעĽƷ塣


426 ȥ
ߺĽƷһ·У˼ʱŵڰ
춼ʮ춼ʮȻһʮǣȴǲͬΪָʮ֮»һ¡
ֻʮǱ߽磬УǱ߽磬ʮѾˡ
ʮĵطĵطڣԸߺдһԡ
ߺĽƷУĽƷָ·ߺУԲдٶȡ
ߺķŭˣԣûѹԼٶȣٶѾ쵽ޣԼʱܹϵ
ȻĻĽƷҪһһҹܹ
ߺɽȥʱǸǿûвԸߺΪܹŹ֡
ߺôϢ䵽֮УĽݼҵʮȫͬ
Ȼûʮ˶࣬ǣǿ˶š
ţϵģǸ֣иǲߡ
ǣǵǲĪߣߺͲˡ
ȻߺԸǣڰΪУߺûġ
Ҫ֪ʹһ֮У٣Ҳ޾ĺߣߵҲߺһˡ
ټЩܵʦˣԼǷˡ
ҪΪĪңȻĪΪ֮һţĪһһʦһ
ֻҪʦʹǵ۷壬ߺҲаòþ
ʦľ磬ߺǾûа취еĹ
һ֮УһʦߣǾǶˡ
֮УȻǺӾ˲٣ʦ߸Ƕţëǣûһߡ
ǻûݳ޵̶ֳȣڰֻĪΪƶһ
ο춼֮Уȫۼ
˵۹֮еĻʳȫڶ춼
ֻҪ춼֮УκһһЩбԷݻٵĿԡ
ǵĴӪһݻ٣ʧǷǳĲء
ԣһûʲôʱЩǿҲԲ붫춼̫ԶǱҪ顣
Ị̄ǳ۷ߣڵڰ֮УǣŨȱȽϲִҲûа취
Ϊִֵֻ֮٣û뵽ȴΪߺɥʧԼ
ߺѵĲĪҷֲ沢ûжˣǣȴȫǾӢߵĽݼұҲ˽һ롣
ʮˣһߣӽأǳ۷ĵزʱпͻصľ硣
ɴ˿ԿĪҵʵ̫ǿˣƾЩˣʮĽݼҷֲ
ټĪ̵ˣʹȫˣҲΪ档
֮仹һƽ⣬Ƕڵȴᡣ
ѣֱضĴ
ʲô£Ҳûʲô飬ҪȫôĴˡ
˵Ϊ£ȫıսⲻҪġ
ϾȻĴ춼ֻƺƽȴҲìܡ
һ飬ǵʵĴ춼ǿ˵뽫Ĵ춼ԼԼʵˡ
ܾˣԲʲô¡ԣĪ֮Ҳûд㹥ĽݼҵֻС¡

׻˵󾫣ٶࡣ
ԣߺΪǵȷġ
ǣ鲻ôĽ֮ضҪ
ĪҷֲĳĽݼҲ࣬Ǹûʣȴһɽ˹
ԿĪҳֵĴ󷽣ߺվգĮȻĿĪҷֲ
С壬ǲĴ㡭ĽƷһڿˮųųʵ
ߺƳһۣ˵ȻҵֵܣǱҪӦĴۣ
ǣһͻ֮ƽ⣬춼˵ᶯĽƷ˵
ǲϣķһԼԭ
ҪĻ˵ΪĽݼҵҲ˵
ΣߺȻԸμӣҲеĵ˵İɣûµģһһе
⡭ĽƷ峤̾һҲûа취ˣߺȻ˵Ĺִԣ˵ߺʵҲȷǿ
ߺǿߵĽƷ嶼ò
ֲԼĸҪߺأ˵ΪĽݼңȴ벻ߺΪһˣҪô¼£ҲԼĸ벻İɡ
Īҵ˿ڣɣߺվ棬ûٸĽƷ˵Ļᣬ֪ĽƷһȰԼġ
ԼȴƱҪɱЩˣԣɴ˵ĽƷͷ
С壬ǷˣˣҲûа취ˣ˵ţĽƷվڸߺԱߡ
ô˵ߺǳߺͬս
ĺߺĵȻһڰսҪ֪ڰҲĪĪˡ
Ⱥ֮Ǹô졣
Ҳѹ֣Ͳڸߺʵжǿ
ֻĸĽЦ֪ʦߣڸߺǰŵĶȼ걾ԴȻĻҪӳȥѡ
˵ʱҪɥڴˣԷһսûУֻʶˡ
˭ĪǰСУҿĲˣߺƵı֣ԷȻܺӡ
ߺһ˿аЦûнԼʵոǣΪҪԼĳƺڶ춼졣
ߣǳɣһûдԼĳƺţⲻò˵һ
ƺŲǱ˸ģԼġ
˳ƺţ˼ʹǶ֣֮Ҳɻ֡
ŷֻñƲ
ߺںˣڣ鷳Ƶϣⲻòøߺ취ҪС
Ŀǰһõİ취ֻҪԼͰˡ
ʱһЩСǻͷ󴮡
Ȼлױϣͱ˵ĪңԼĪҿĵɱôˣ˼ҲŹء
ߺȴôںԸЩСЩΣǿĸս
ʹΪ֮ȥߺ
ߣôû˵أƣǵȻоİƺŴûڽϳֹ
ߺһֱаЦţûϵϾͻ֪ˣҵǿţǻεĿԺ֮ˣѾûˣΪʱѾˣ
˵ʱ򣬸ߺϺȻǿƣǺƽطΧ
һ˲䣬ͽ֮
ŭ֮θߺʩչðʩչģԱȽǿ
ɫ۵ĹâĪҷֲ˲ͽ֮
治ϵķ𶯵еĳ߶˶ôĳߺԱǿ۷ˣ׼ҲΪˡ


427 
ŭ֮ǿ󣬵ԽɢԽСԸߺŭ֮ȻϵĿʼƣбƿơ
ߺûʩչİʽҪȣȵеˣȻöԷ׵ʧɥʧġ
ҪȵģЩν
ȻĪҵˣѾĪˣԸߺ㣬ȫɱ
ߺŭ֮ϵıǵ飬ǣÿһΣµĺɣ½Ƕӡס
Լʮ֮Щ˵Ͻ¶˷񣬿־ɫ
Ƿֱ֣һ޵׶Լôûа취ѣ޵ѭȥ
ڣһεŭ֮ƿˣ˷ܵߺ˹
ǣոճ嵽һ㣬ߺ˫һ۵İ׹һӣŭ֮
ٴʩչ֮Щ˳׷ˣ棬ٴο𺮱
θߺ΢΢ӴȣټǸոյѾ˲ˣȻٶ˺ܶࡣ
ңߺҲʼǿ䣬ûһһ˿ǸոսЩһ϶ǣһɲǼ䣬ֽˡ
Щ˼ˣǼѾмΪ˷ˡ
ϵĿ䣬ϵϣǵڸߺǰǿЦƵģСӵİϷûʲô
ߺ֮䣬ʧȥţʧȥĸоǷΣѾм˲͸ߺˣѾɱˡ
ǿˣߺŪǣԲŹǵ
߱裬ʹȥܹһϡ
º֤ЩǴģΪŵԻĲ˵أһʹࡣ
㵽˭ΪʲôҪĪҹȥֻҪϷŹǣǲ֤¸Ų׷һı꣡
ƭСӵĻߺţֻǸ֮һЦ˵ٺõĶ뱣סǵ
ΪʲôֻҪһȥұ֤ʲô㣬ҪʲôʲôΪ˱Ѿӽˡ
ߺڿб۾ĬĬĵȴţԼһһ߽ӽ
Щ˴Լߣٸص۷ߣǧǿߡ
ôĹģߺţǷѩھ̤ƽһˣǣȻǲܵġ
ߺǽתǰȥߵʱ򣬸ߺͷһȻȥ
ߺͷŵǵͨĺǸʴ֮ŭ֮лŵˣűϸʴʹ࣬Ͽʼָõȵ״
ǿԼ彥ĿʼãǷҪԼϵĺǣЩͬƹ֮ޣζ
ǵı鿪ʼֲҪʹࡣ
ǵУǰ׷˧꣬һͷβħ뽫Ƕ֮С
ʹ˻ֿԼϵһ㱻õǱ
ٸһλᣬһҪıߺܵϢҲҪԶԶġ
źãĻǾ±һҪˣ̫̫·ʲôġ
ǣȴûлˣΪߺѾԲŹǡ
˭ϿĪүĪǲŹǵģǻ⵽Ī׷ɱͷǸ˵
ǳˣߺŸߺ󣬰׹죬Ϊǵ˻ԡѪսء
֪ǣԡѪУսȴûˡ
ЩĪˣ洹Ѫ˵һѪҲΪѾûԭӡ
ԭһ˿ģûˣƤʴһɶֻʣ⡣
⻹ΪǿߣΪߵѾ¶ɭɭ׹ˡ
ȫ¶棬ΪƤѾʴˡ
ȫһƬ˼ĳǱ˿Ļ϶Ҫŵð
ڸߺĻȪʵ˵һ˼
ŹǣܵģҿԱ֤ǺһһǵĴɣߺаЦ
˵ţϱ۵ĹâЩâȴû˿¶ȣޱȵı䣬̶ࡣ
һЩǿߣǱЩ۵ĹâɨɪɪķѾʼˡ
һǾͱ˱⻹ǱߺϵĹâҫ˶ѣߺûĿʼͷź
ǵȵߺĿʼͷźôԷʣˣߺԼҲ
ǣߺԿ϶֮µˣضûء
Լһǿ߱ߺеĺâҫ϶ʼɺͷǸ֪ˣƺԼ
֮ǿԼ֮⣬ǿΪԼվǰɪɪ
ߺôǿʵʩսԷ롣
ǸĪ˵࣬¶ֻҪߺϷŹǣһúõıߺġ
˵ߺȡһǿӲֶεķ롣
ϵĺӿĺӸߺðȥ
һ˲䣬ƬȻˣǣߺʩչĲǰʽ
ԣܿнߺĺ飬Ȼ˳
Щ˵ͬЩ˸ԵĴһЩ֪иߺȻȿֺطȥ
Īֻļ壬кܴ󲿷ֶĪҵˡ
ǣߵˣߺûдŹгƣԶԷЩˣа׹֡
ĺӸߺԷȥ飬ͬȳһǣûзɳԶľ룬ͱߺɺ׷С
ŭ֮֮ʴ֮˶ĳ۷ǿߣߺûдӦһԾͷųǿʽһټ
Щ˼˲ͣڰУȫˡ
һ޴Ĳ򺮱ǵϣеߣͬӬһں֮ڡ
һ˿ɵֵǧ仰Ӹߺϵõ˺ܺõļ֤
ڸߺǰʹЩٶ࣬Ҳûãֻǿߣܹǣסߺٶ࣬ҲֻƵĶѡ
Щڸߺĺ֮ʹ˻𣬸ʴʧȥԼƤ⣬ꡣ
λСֵܣ˴˰ʱһӰԶ
δȵ
ţģѾߵߺǰˡ
һ·һ
سɴ磬ҸܵϣûκĲ·㡣
ߺʩչسɴ磬أǸߺһοʩչسɴ磬ġ
ҹȻû´ڰ֮УȻǿߵĴڡߺ˵¶һ˿ĪЦ⡣
ֻ۸ЩˣǾ̫û˼ˣǲҵһǿ߽б䣬Ǿźˡ
ºøߵΪߣʵɱ¾ǲЩǡߺǰ֣΢ЦĶԸߺ


428 
ߺȻӦ˵Ϊ֤˵ΪԱȸߺ߳ϡ
ܹߺָоģֻһΪߣǳ֮ϵľ磬Ҳ˵ʦ֮
ߺϵЦԽԽʤɱֻСϺû뵽ȴһ㰡
Ȼһʦ˱һ㣬ⲢûǸʦеһֻĽƣбҪΪ
еĸߺһֻûκεΨһҲǸߺĸͷЩ
СӣȰ㻹ǷŵǣɱȻĻǴģ˺Ƶ˵
ߺϸĴһǰˣõǺ˹ģһ˵·ڽǲϸĻΪһıʿأǣֻиߺ˵ɢǿϢϢ
ȻоΪǴϵϢȴ޷Ĩȥ
˻޷ǸߺΪǣ꣬ߺδػѷɫ
Ҹߺпͷ걾Դͷ걾Դȼ걾Դĸȫͬ
ͷ걾Դȼ걾ԴͬԸǿķʽͷųȥ
ͬǷ磬ôųһ磬ѹȻתŷųǾһ̨磬磬ͬն
һһصĲࡣ
ߺ֮۳ɳ֮󣬾ǽߺԵ걾ԴѹһָΪǿͷų
ԣߺǿټϽۣ֮֮ߺڵѾȫԽһߣˡ
ǣʦߺܲȡʤԼҲǴġ
ϴȻڤڤЩһֱڱ˵֮ټֻʦľ磬ߺĺ˺رĴ
ԣǴս˵Ͳ
սڲſʼܲʦһս˵Ǹߺһֱʡ
˾Ͳ˵ˣûرԼУҲǱȽѶԸһѣǿС
˭ѲʶĪˣߺ¶һ˿аЦ
İɫҽһֻ۵ϣߺڱ˿رĹ顣
ϸߺĮ񣬾Ǵӵ֮гޡ
ǣߺɢȴҫ۵İ׹⣬ϵΪ֮ɫ
һߺʹһĴڣȻ෴һ˵ϳ֣˵ޱȵܡ
ûϷĪĪЩԨԴǰ˰֮˵ţȶеȡ
ߺǲмһ˵Ҳ̫Լ˰ɣԨԴ˵ͣǽ췢ǹŹǱң˰ɣûйƽģʲôʸ¶ΪԼţ㲻һɵѣǴġ
ߺôһͨ˵̣˵ĺƢȻܲסˣɫ䣬еЦ⽥ˣ˫Ÿߺ
˵ҿ̫Լˣ㻹Ϊ㲻ɣ
˭ֲҪһû˵£Ƥô񣬿¼ʹǱ͸ɣҿҽûȻĻ͵ðƤ֮ˣ
ӣ̫ˣǸŭˣϱǿҵĽ
ߺеһû뵽ʦһսϽˡ
Ȼ֪ʲôڣǱضĽڡ
һ̫ǿˣһĽͳе
ֻн֮еǿߣֻΨһû֮һǿߣܹνڵĳƺš
˵ǰǽڵĻߺʣתӡ
ȻԼʵģǹֵľ͵Դ󣬸ߺûеԴĳ̶ȣţʹԼٹǿҲǽڵĶ֡
ǽڣǹڣڣڣڵȵȣһһѧ֮Уǿڵһƺŵļ̳ߣߺԡ
˹֪֮ߺţԼ㵽˼𣬶޷ȡ
Ϊ˵УЩʦǿǺӾˡ
ǺӾǾһ֮ľǸһ۷塣
Ŵ˵ƣȻ뽣ڵȱ־ԵǿߣԶ
ռ俪ʼѷ죬Щѷ콫Ͽռ䶼ɢˣڶڰϿա
Щѷ죬һֱܣ·кܶལڲϵðܵĿռ䡣
ߺǵЦôֻռ𣿡
Сӣ㾡Цɣһ͸ÿˣߺЦԼǸϷ¶һ˿̵Ц⡣
˫֮УĽ⣬Ÿߺ
ܵƣ˵ߺĻһߺˡ
ʦȻʦһ־֪ʦ˵Ĳͬˡ
ֻ۹⣬ȻͿȵȫһȻֻǳصĵˣǣϾֻͷŵ۹Ⱑʲôģ޵ˣ
ߺ˿Ĵ⣬һԲһ׳ıȻԭһ׵ĳȣһɵĳȡ
Ӹߺ´ϸСģԽϾԽĵطȻɡ
һԱߺİΧ棬֮໥ߺʵʵ
Ľݺݵڸߺı֮ϣߺıȻʼѺۣž֧ˡ
ûеǱɣǽâȻͶǶ԰ɫĲ֮ն˹ȥȻһ¾ͽ֮ɢˡ
ǸߺûǶǽߺĲ֮ɵĺƵ
֮˿㣬һƵ
ߺûпֱƵԼĲ֮壬ֱǷ˼ġ
ƵȥƲģȻߺķȥ
ĸߺ·Ҳɵһ㣬˷ȥеĺֱð·Ҫס
ǣСӣǿǽ嶼Ƶһ¾ʹߺ壬ߺ˲վǣ㶵ؿڿ
ţʦȻôǿԼȻԷ۹ⶼֵס
˵󻰵СޣһΪʲôأԭҲǻ˵󻰶ѣһеҡΡ
ĽƷŵɫ⡣
ԼС壬һӲıһص۷ߣȻӲ˵ԼڰĪҷֲˡ
Цǣ쵽ˣǣͻȻһİ׳գԼСĹѪͷȻ˼Ŀɱˡ
̾һЦ־һĽƷǸȥ
㰴Ÿߺһ飬ôҲһ첻δزߺôĻҲзݰ
ţԣôûƮǸҡȣߺʬȥ
ȻԼţǲûŵֵزĿܽԷɱˡ
ڣڿʲôأôԣһݶϣߺһӺ֮ͷųˣ棬ӣڿķ򣬲ʵ


429 սʦ
ߺһæ濴ȥߺڵģ̡
ԭոɱǸߺķǸߺʵ塣
ߺܵԶлûһ˴Ӹʴ֮ȳȻ˴˵ݣǵſĴЦ
ڿУԼˣǸ֣Ǹ񣬸ߺˡ
ʲôʱ򡭡ڲʵɫʼıڣԸߺܹӳԼһо޹⡣
ߺһܵеǸ˴裬˵˹ȥ
˫һУգûգеȶĽ֮биݣΪѪ⡣
ͷҲݣûһ˿
ߺתվ˵ҪˣԼɱûйϵ˵ǲĹˣ֪˵Ϊʲô
ߺ˵⣬Ȼͣס˵ˣڡ
ڵȻһЦߣ֪ӺζһҪɱ㣬ΪĪҵ˱𣡡
ǹûʣҪɱҾֱ˵ΪôѾأߺЦ
ߣⱰ޳ܵħˣȻɱ¾ʽ̣ҽҪе
˵꣬ڱ㲻ٷϻеһߺȥ
ߺҲǽʹ¥˲ͱˣҲ˲ڷȥеҲߺȥ

ߺȫҫ۵İ׹ʹ˵۾һ۵ĺߺúõı档
ǣڲͨĵˣеȺȻɢǿ֮ռ䣬ͬߺľˡ
ͬǰ壬ˡ
ߺһԷĽ֮ѾﵽڵزȻĽԼĲ֮ȫѹƣѹƵĽԼİ
ĸߺͲ֪٣棬ߺӰٴ˫
ߺٶ֮죬ġ
򣡡
ߺн³֣˲䣬Ƿ˰ѩƬƬ״ѩ¡
䵽ԱߵĽƷϣĽƷȻһµʵԼȻûа취ˡ
еͣԼ彥׹ȥ
ߺȻûкһ㣬еһǣĽƷ򷽷ȥ˸ߺߡ
뿪ߺƬԶľ֮󣬺ܳһʱ䣬žԼܹжˣȻʮֵĻ֮еĺڲϵĶڵ
ĽƷЩΣȫǲֵҵĹ
˵ţʼߺĺ
ǣЩͷ·ƹ֮ޣôҲ𲻾
ܵĽƷͻȻʶߺĿ£Ȼֻͷų򵥵һУԼûеֿˡ
¸ߺҪɱԼҲֻһ֮飬ͲҪ֡
ףΣΪһǿԮأĽƷһеĺһ߸˵뵽
ʵŶһ޶츳ߣܾûпˡ
˵Щûиߺ츳ߣȻڳأͿĳߡ
ʦĳһսһǲʦء
ڲģҲûпˣֻ֪֮󣬱ύĪҵˡ
ǣߺ˵˵ĳƺŵʱˡ
ڲҪǼɵǻὫһҵһ
ǣû뵽ߺڶԷ֮£ȫԼ˵ˡ
ѲٻɸߺǷĪ̵Ϊĵǣߺܲڵӳ
˸ߺ֧ԮţĽݼһţٻĪѹȴŹҲ˵
Ҫ֪ÿ꣬춼ᶼһ䡣
ĽݼҵҲӦٺܶ࣬ߺ֮ţǰδһˣԣŹĽݶǵ׵Ĵڡ
춼һЩ˵ЦĪųĽݼҷһɴͱμˣһҲʡȥһЩʱ䡣
ǸߺϰæʱĽݼҿ϶һѩǰܡ
ҪľǰߺʧȥԼҲϧ
ܿϧǣڱߺĺסˣԼûа취оԼ֮еĺԽԽǿ·ҪԼס

ĽƷȥͬʱߺҲֹˡ
һֱɲǸߺԸ⿴ģ㣬ҪڿԼʵ
ߺͷųıǿ󣬱˵ĽƷ壬ԷڶеԼЩӲٶȣҲˡ
ȻĲǺܶ࣬ȡ
û룬ߺѾˣٵڵǰڵǰȥ
ͬʱߺϺȻһʮɵı̣һɲǾڵǰ
һûа취ܣеԼǰȥ
ϡ
һĴ̶һȦȦĲ˵߱
ڵеҲٵתŸߺĺȥ
ֻһ˲䣬ͽߺı̴мˣߺȥҲߺȥ
ߺٶܵĻпܱг롣
ǣߺôء
һ㣬ƿӦ֡
ߺֻһͷǱ̾ͺȻһڸٶߺ۶ȥ
ֻһɲǣߺ־ͱΧˡ
ʮɶ೤ı̣һĺӲȿ֪
ߺǸ֣һץסȣȻҪȶס
ǣûбϣ˫֮бһǿĽ֮Ĺâ
ǽߺ˫۴ȥߺǲּԶܵĻͻᱻ⽣С
ǣߺô򵥵𣿸ոֻӱ˵Ŀ֪˵ʵݶѣԣܿˡ
ı飬ǸߺıǸߺԼġ
еĽ֮壬ߺ֪Ҫոһˡ
ߺһǿĲ֮壬۵ĺ˫֮б
ĺ⣬б⡣
ٶȾȻıһֻǰʮס
ߺĺâɹĽԷĽסˣңЩâϵĲڽ֮ϣûһ㽫ǽסˡ
ߵʧڿС
Ȼһߣ˵ɣôͣ㵽ʲôˣĹң˵һ
һ˿΢Цߺǿʵѡ
֪ߺʲôȻƺ
ȻڵҲ۷ʱȴûиߺʵ
ܹõߺĹԼĽ֮壬˼
˵ʱԴܽڣ̳нڵĳƺţڡ
ߺ΢΢𣺡ΪɵҾͽ׹ڸ㣡


430 ɵı
СӡɫȻ䣬űŵգ˷ŭױȵɱ
Ȼ䣬Цֻиߺ˿˵Ҳ㲻֪ҵݣҿȷΪ֪ҲΪ֪
ո˵һ仰ȻߣڰĳǣǺãǲĵɵڣ
˵ͬڰ֮У˵ȫٷԲǧﶼܹ
е˶ߺ
Ȼ֪ڴ߲ƣû뵽ھȻô
ɣһȽϹϵɣߺѧϰϽ漰ɵĹ
Ͻڣпɵˡ
ԣоڴ˸ӵΣգϾɵûһߡ
ǿԿԼĽе֮⣬ȡ׼ǷǳĹ
ʹڴûкϽǿ󣬵ǣߺԿ϶ǣҲضȻĻ֮ҲôСڡ۵ĳƺš
ʦľ磬ǶǱԵģ߳ƺԼȡá
ͨԼǿʵսõģǣкܶߣƺǿԼȡģǣǲϿɵĳƺš
ûгȥսʵͬĻǹʦĳƺš
½дûгƺŵʦǶʦĳƺţʵǵǾ͵ġ
гƺŵʦֱԡ
ͬڤһȻʦ磬ǼʹĻҲʦûСڡ۵ĳƺš
Ϊ䣬ʵûдﵽ̶ֳȡ
Ͽɣڵĳƺһ㣬һԼ˵Ҷ״˭ֻǿʵߣõϿɵſԱñ˵ء
ڣڣ
ڵո˵кܳصĳߴӸվ˳滹ѧߡ
ǰˣҴ춼׷ģħѾħЩĪҵˣЩִԱȥľ󣬿ħжôĿɶ񣡡
ķߺޣ·ԼʥĴˡ
ҲǸߺ˽Ĵ춼ߵдôĴڡ
һʼʱǺ⣬ֻǶνħЩȤ
ݽԣԲὫʲôеĴڡ
ô˵ħǾԴڵģνħǷԼʦ˫ħʲôϵأ
ͬħǻ᲻ħأ
Щ̬Ĵڣߺû¡
Щʮʮ꽫ǷָԼʦ˫ħħʲôϵ
ߺǣǾԲܻΪһ̸ġ
˫ħĸͽܣǿߺϢߡ
ôΪǵʦҲǸߺԼʦǿʲôزߺ޷
ѲɣħĴڣأ
ߺЩ˵ߺħˣȫ߿
ɱɱΣǣ֣ħɱ
ħ˸ûԣɱ¾޶ȣ̵֪ɱ˶ˣЩ˻
ϲŭ޳ǿ߲ڿϽħɱһлģ
ߺתͷϲ΢ЦڣԭΪ̤ʯ۷壿
΢΢һ˿̵΢Ц¶Ȿҵ֮һ춼ôˣҲûҵôõһѡҪʵ̫ͣҪǳֲݶֻ㣬ҵ˺þúþð
ɻǺ뷨ѡħڽȻͬİ취˴˭뵽ɣкħһ뷨ֻ
ߺǺܴҲ˻Լ˵ΪЩѾƽڵŸԻˡ
˵ߺҲмڽͣʹΣҪֻǿʵ
ھʵ֮£ʹе˻ǶûеԼ

ǲǴߣɵĴ󵱼ң϶һ׳գߺ˵
ԸߺĻֻǸ֮һЦأ㼴ʹ˵ٶ࣬ҲˣҲûȥˣΪϾͻɥڴˣ
ߺǽ𣬲ûѾˣеĲ֮屬еȽ𺮱
ֻһЦΪҵʵֻ𣿡
ߺһ԰ԷڣǵΪֹߺûп𽣣ÿһʵ
еһȵëֻȻϸСš
ҲһëɵĽᶶ𽣽ڿлڿлĿռѺۡ
ǣڽеǱߺʱǱȻӲۡ
Ტãһýߺи̾
ΪǵĴҵɣ˵Ӱ̴һϢ˲˸ߺߡ
ھ𽣣ŸߺĲȥ
ߺһڲߺȻһ±ǽֵס𽣡
ǣ𽣷·޼᲻ݣ𽣵ǰߺ±ǽͬһ㣬г롣
ڱǽ棬Ȼּߺڳƣȥ
ڿ֮ԾȣеһЩëɵǼߺ׷Χס
һקǼߺͱ˺ü꣬Ȼڿлɺڵĺȥ
ڸ飬֪ߺһԼԣһеĽǽȻٴαȡ
ڽȴԼ£Ȼᱬٴαɳȥ
ﬡ
һ𣬸ߺýڽڰˣ֮ϣȻҲһۡ
ڽԼĽ֮ԼĽУԲŻǿɱ
ЩҲ֮е뵽ߺı֮УߺϵĽۣȻ˵ˡ
ʤ׷Ѹٵսŵɳȥĸߺ˦ȥ
ٴεıе˿ӣȻʼߺΧ档
ŭ֮ߺ˫һʩչŭ֮βǱԷǽԼİ
𽣼˲ͽߺΧʵʵģٰסߺĺ֮ռëһ㡣
ͬǣЩëϢЩëһֱӵеĽϡ
ëΪ㻹ǿһֵزˣһŮģһΪԣߺ˵
ͷˣôҲڶڸߺĻԷ
ңеĽë֮ϵĽ֮ߺв
ߺŭ֮Ȼô׾ͱƿģոյĺ֪Ӳ˶ٱ
ҷǳļӲּӲ̶ڶЩ뾪棺ױԭϣôĺ


431 
Щëжôûа취֮ͬǰһѸٵĽ֮Ƶ
ǣЩҲĶԸߺŭ֮иֻǲһӵʱ䣬Ѿиһȥˡ
ԼһߺоԼŭܱ֮Լˣ㱬Լŭ֮Ѻ±ˣߺ֮֮ƿ
ǻɺԼգԼ׵Ľ֮ƿŭ֮ıˡ
Ҳűĺȥߺ϶Ѹٵĳ档
һӣճһǱϵڿŭķ
תڷȥצ׿˺ѿռҲץȥ
ڶԸһϵı£Ȼڽеһ
ߺ۳˲ͱѿˣΪؼѾûκεˡ
ҪǵؼνĵؼҲǰ幦Ǻµġ
ÿһ˶ԼһݵؼֻͿܲˡ
ǲ˵ĵؼȻܿ죬ǣԲܳԽǸˡ
ҲúߺԵңԼҿϽ׹
ⲻò˵һ֮٣ûߺΪҲô졣
ڷ˹ȥܹһµĿʼ
ǣõؼΪεҲûʲôϵ־ǿߣᱻϽǵؼ뷨ѡ
ԼıƿˣߺûκεĲɺ䡣
ߣ׹֪ҿĵؼҵڣҵûʩչأһЦţһߺȥ
ߺڵΪѾ֮ˣδҹζ࣬ҪĽߺնɱڴˡ
ԭڻô˵ǰ¶ҵ
˵ţߺ˫Ķһһ̫֮Ϸȥ
ں¸ߺҲԼǿĸڸߺзȥ
ܶ࿴ֵˣЩҲͻ̫ı¡
ԣҲ׷׳𣬸ں档
ߺǶ㿪Щ˵۾ôЩ˸ء
ϺȻǿĺЩںĳ˦ȥŭ𵽣Ӵ⣬ҷ̫֮ϣ֮κˣҪһ
ȻߺͷŵֻͨĺǰɽЩΪߵ߱ˡ
ֲʲô˼ߣôֵܵסߺͷŵĺء
׷ױסȥ
滹ûļɵߺ䣬һ仰Ҳ˵Ҳûٸڸߺˡ
ߺ˭Ѿ־壬ٸڸߺˡ
Щû˵ģֻǲмһЦĬĬ˵һȺֻҪǵոˣɾǶһ޶ţֻҪͻƵ˫ɯĵزһƱһӦʱʲô壬ʲô۹ʲôɣɽɪɪΪ֮ǵȫѹ򰡣
Ȼһ麮Ǻϳ˱̡
һе𽣼裬˲ͽǺ롣
˵ڣ㵹ǲţҪ֪ӿڳߺ浭˵

ڵڰ֮УЩȺ֮Уվˡ
ûзκεƣƺǿԼݡ
ڣɣǺôİСһҲ̫ˣȻѡˣ
һĬĬ˵ֵǣ˲û̸
˵ӦøлСһŶԣҪһ治һŵαΪʲôҪ׷ħأ
ϧֻˣЩڼɵαӣô£ֻҪ̲ǣ֪ʲôأ
һܾʰɣڵʵҲȷǿģǻ߰ɣħ֮ôͣЩظİ׳չ˲˵Ļ
֮бͲȱαӣǸʲôֻǿСֵˣ
˵ţԱ졣
ħ˹ȻħˣƮ˵оͳУ˵ɱɱ˵Ǹߺ
ոոߺȥʱ˦һǱסˣȻ߷߲ƶˡ
֪ǣΪԼһ仰ȴɱ֮
Ļո˵һ룬Ӳеȥ
ߣħŵĲãǵ죡
ˣһʦߣСɫʲôһˣ壬ǡ߰ɣ
˵ţһתʧˣ·˶ûдڹһ㡣
̫֮ϣߺڵսѾﵽ˰Ȼ
˾ȻԲһٶУҲʩչԼȫʵ
ǣû뵽ߺս˵ķḻ÷
Լȸߺǿ౶˵ߺѾһ˲ǡ
û뵽ߺÿһȻȫ֣Щơ
ϡ
ߺڵ׷׺ˣеٴνߺܵĺġ
Ѿǵһһˣߺĺ֮һ㣬ôŬ޷ߺɱ
ߺҲһû뵽ԷȻŨ̶ֳȣߺһֱԷѹŴ򣬸ûлֵء
ڣߺѾʴ֮֮˲ڶʮˣûöԷô
ԷͺһսĻԶҲ֪ƣ
ҿ˫ħĹУߺյЩս飬ϹߵģȻһǳ磬Ǽʶϲ֪ڵĳ߸϶ٱ
ټϸߺЩͷŵĺԼĺҲԵãûľ
ǣߺȥԼľʱ޸֮ɱŹ֡
ڵĸߺ˺þ֮⣬Ѿǭ¿ֻظԼˡ
𣿿һаأߺͬѾˣˣڲ²⣬ߺҲˡ
ǣʹҲ㹻ˡ
ߺս˰УʦҲԼ֮
ǸߺˣһҲޱȵĲ졣
㽫ߺɱ֮󣬽ߺĶҪúõķһ£ûеؼ
ΪߺһĳֵؼŻ͵ġ
ֻҪԼʵԼпܽиõ񣬽ǿżԼʵǿ
ǵʱԼһĳ̶ȣ֮еĵλҲӸߡ
ͳβ֮ԼΪΪˣܲԴܵ˵ľ
죡ڵ˵˫ֵ뿪𽣣֮еķ֮С
ڵߺг׵
ϽȻеķʽͬǶȵȶͬڣڴҪóԼˡ


432 ̫֮ϵĲþ
ʮֵѸ٣ֻһˣûʱߺ룬Ѿ
ǣϽͬʽ
ȫڲͬʽڸߺ뵱ȻģΪϽֻ׹
ǣߺ׵ǣϽô֮ɵؽ׹ģ
ҲǰźϽѲɾΪŴ
ߺͬΪǲͻ׹ͼ۶ԷôŬͻƵġ
ȻЩʱֻ֮ˡ
ֽϽֻҪʱ򿴿ô壬߽Ͻ֮ľ磬һоӭж⡣
ǰһвǾǶڶŸߺпЦŵڡ
ȻߺϽǲʾϽǿ󣬶ԼʺϽѡ˱ѡ
ʵϣߺϽǳǿ󣬱ͨ׹ǿ̫ˡ
ţߺܹһֱϽȻ޷ô죬ǵȵΪʱѾǧ֮ǿС
ԼͬΪˣԼҲԻ
ǣҲӦģʧȥ˺ߺΪ޷ô죬ھԵ˼Ҳ޷شɡ
ټԼ壬ֽںͽȣʩչϽԶˡ
֮ڴˣ彣ʩչ֮ڷ£ʼЦߺ
ߺ΢΢һ̣ΪҸ㣬ɵĽѾΪˣ
˵ţߺһָɽһֻȴ۳һ
ߺڵĺѾȫԱнױӲȣǶԷΪ̫ǿһûնϲ֮
ԸߺΪѾʩչϽ֮еĵ
ǣߺܾûˣµʱʩչãӵĻ£Ըɴʩչ彣
ϷŪһ¶Էѡ
ϽߺѾʩչһˣٴʩչ˵·һ㽫еǱ۵ĽһɫĽ
ɫź⣬֮ͷų
ǴӸоȴǺСӦֻһѣƾڵʵһͿԽеɫϡ
ȴɫ䣺ǣϽʦֵĺϽôģΪʲô֪
ߺһԷΣԻ֪ϽѾ춼һСطˣԼԳûָһЩˡ
ߺ΢Ц˵˼ѵͲ֪ϽѾΪͽ𣿲ֹҵնϲʽ
˵ţߺ彥ƮƮż㶯ӰƯȥһ֧ëһ㡣
ڸӾˣЦ
컹һӣ񣬸һ˱ʧѾõϽնϲʽ
ߺ⣬ĳ˹ȵס
Ϊʲôô˵ȷʦϽڽ̸ҵİߺȲɫ˵
ߺ˵ڹЦ㻹һ׳գϽѵûиѾʦţ͵ϽˣʱֻһصߣǺϽʦֵĶ֣˵ںϽʦֵΪΣû˿أΪأ
ڹȻһ룬ߺûʣϲ˵
ԭһؼ˵Ҳʲô
ǣܶϼһǱؼȻ뻯ľ磬һЩߣԼĵؽ׹
ǺȻ֣Լ֮еϽûȫ
ЩӰǵΪǲ֪Ǻá
ʦ֮ѯʺ֪ķԭϽĹԭ֮š
ʱѾϽʦˣϽҲѱ˴˳ȥ
ʱǸоϽֻһ׹ԲûдµѰңֻԵķһЩ
ʱڣΪʱ
ֻҪЩϼһǣõⱾؼڻǴһ

ߺͷû뵽ԼҪԼЩָȴԼĸ죡
ֻҪɱ㣬ʦȻ֣ɣ
˵ţеĽָһ֮ϵëȻƮƮķ뿪ұ˽ɫë
ߺϽϽɫ
һƬƬëɢǿҵĽ⣬ͬڰкܶһ㡣
ϽɵĻֲЩϼһǴ󲿷ֶǱأ
˵ЩؼǰϽΪġ
ݸߺ룬еЩɫëɿ£ǧ
ߺһ麮˳ȥķ֣̺Ųĺ뵽֮󣬾ͱëȻһɶ
죬ߺи̾
ǣûֵߺ̾ЩѸٵߺ崩ڸߺΧϵĴ
ߺܣ·Ѿ𻮵òˡ
ϣܶ˺۱ЩëѪ¶ˡ
ߺĽЩɫëǰǶһ𲻵һ˿ķá
Ǳҳаߺ˵ţͷ֮ϺȻâţһֻ۳档
ѸٵһǺ⾭ĵط˲һ϶
ǣ϶
ëȻӸߺĲ߷ɹûߺƤߺȴȻһ˿ڡ
ߺ֮ÿƬë֮俴ȥëë֮䣬һϸӡ
Ǿ֮ϵϸߣëߡ
ΪЩߣ𽣲ܹ뽣״
Щ߲֪ʲôƳɵģʮֵļͣʮֵߺƻûа취ƻ
㣬ѾϤʮˣߺ֮ɢź⣬һ״ѩ֮ͫг֡
ǳǧĽɫë֮ϣкܶطɢŰĹâЩǽɫë㡣
Ϊ飬ߺ۳һԼһƬɫëϴȥ
ǸȽϰĵطƬë㡣
ߺһȥȻƬë̵Զȥ
ЩǣţƬëѾʧȥˡ
ߺĶдһ㰲οԼһɵģһɵġ
ǣͲôˣΪߺ֮кȻĺĲռ䣬ܵĽɫëȫˡ
Щë沼˺Ȼ޷ͻƸߺĺ
ţߺЩ˷Ӷȥһ̼䣬ͽڱˡ
ʮֵѺǣЩ۵ĵط·ȫ㣬ôѣѲ
þߺûˣ֮Уһѩ״Ĺâ˲ڵߣ֮ȥ
ʲôǹâ׼ȷ䵽ڵϣ˲ãԼ뵽˱֮Уȫľ


433 ķ
ڸоԼ걻һ㣬ܵĺ·ܵԼǣ֮гȥ
оԼ·𱻱һ㣬ľдŴʹ·ǧڸ塣
ƣܵԼԽԽľе࣬ѪҺΪ̣̲סŭ
ЩҪģ궼ָоľдŴʹ
Щڲϵı˺꣬·Ҫ˺顣
֮еǻȻߺˣǣЩ۶ɢûɢ
ܵڻ꺣֮ܵٴ֮гȥ½뵽壬ٴηӡ
ɶ񣡡֪ԼѡһˣҪ걻ˣҪ屻ˡ
ҪȫЩĺƵĴ˲Ƕһߣʹһƽ˵Ĵ˶ǷǳĴ
ֻǱ۾ȫƽ֮壬Ժ֮бĲ֮ȫԼԺ
ߺȻܹоĶֻĽֱ̫֮ǿˣȫʩչԸߺȻûͷųһеĲþԷѾԺ֮еĲþˡ
һƬ״ĻԺӡĴɢĺ
þ
ߺöԷʵ֮ǿðԼĲ壬ټϸߺĲ걾ԴģһҪɰ壬ſȫԼ塣
ڣȻߺ˵
ߺ¶ԷٴʩչɴΪǿԸǿߣ׾Ѿûκεˡ
ǸߺҪɥڴˣǲֻߡ
һѩ״İɫ۹âڼȥ˲ͳڵǰͷ֮У뵽Ժ֮С
ӽţֶڵ˱⣬ѡ
㡭ܵԼı仯ڴŭָŸߺˣ漴ֱ۾ʼĺ
ǣֻ֮еĺȴԼȴˡ
ȴΪ֮Լı壬ԼûбҲˡ
ʱʵʮһԸߺ͸ӵĳˣ˵ʱˡ
˵Ѿڿʼᣬ壬ڵƤѾʼжˡ
˿˿Ѫ͸½ϣѲڣȥһɱˡ
ߺĺٴδ֮ѾûеӸߺǰȥˡ
ҪǸߺٸôΣҲˣ˵ʱĻᶼûˡ
һɢ𽣾ۼһ𣬳Ϊһ𽣡
ݺݵȥһ޴ѿھ˲ˣѾС˺壬תͷʧ̫֮С
̫֮ߣΪʹǿɷ磬û̫á
ǣսʱ֣ߺķٶԱˡ
ܵĻ϶Ӳߺ׷ɱ
̫֮߾ͬˣһ̫ɫķὫµϢһɶ
ʹߺںõĸоøߺҲԲ̫֮иӦ
νʮֵǣǶԱ˻ãǶڸߺǾûôˡ
ߺۣ֮ʹз͸ǧҲûʲô⡣
ֻߺû׷ϣʵ̫ǿˣԼĲþ걾ԴʮֵӴ
Щ֮УֻвþܸԷв
ʹôһֱʩչȥܲڣԼ
ڶԷԼˣδһ£ߺôûȤȥ׷ɱ˼أ
ȻˣߺǾٸһδ
ϴζԸڤʱ򣬸ߺʩչβþֻʩչΣϴ֮ԼȻ˺ܶࡣ
ǲ֮ƺ
ߺЩɣǲԼҪսָȫ֮ʵͻأ
ôһûᣬߺôŹأ֮еĺһһѩ״ĹâʹӸߺмȥߵڷȥ
ڵٶȻ죬Ҳ첻ߺĲþ
þ
ߺ˵仰Ȼתȥڽߺû뵽
Ϊ֪ܸڵ˺꣬ǲܵġ
ԷİǿȻߺĹ֮걾ԴߺĲ֮Ҳǿ󣬵ǱϾֻһװ塣
ܹԷߣߺѾˡ
ǲߣѡȥߺ֪ôˡ
ߺûȥʱѾʼ۷׷ˡ
˵ܲܽħɱ
ϻɵ˰ɣǿʦ֮еٮٮߣԸһߣóȫоͽˣ
Ϊʲôڻûлأǲս
׳հڵȻĥǸħˣħˣһɱǱˣҪãܣ˵ţǸһ
˶ȻЦЦƼǡ
Ǹߺ˵ЦĵʱǺȻоһ𷢺һ꺮Լ
Ƕ߶µ濴ȥֻߺ΢ЦĿǡ
ʲô鰡Ȼĵôģ
ߺЦ棬ȴ䳹ǡ
ûû
ߺߵߣոʲô˼Ѳ룿
˵ţһ¸ոǸĶһĿŶԷиѣһطʵۣҪȤҿԽ㹬еĹ

ûǸ˷Ӧߺ˳⣬һĲҽ쳹ķ
ߺ΢ЦĿܣǸҪȥйҶ԰æģ
ŸߺǲõЦݣǲʶߺĿ£ӿµǣߺˣȴٳδ顣
Ѳˣܰɣ
ʦ߶û취ħߵжǿ󣿡
˵ħţŸߺǰεδѪǵĸıԼ˵
ߺǣϵЦǲ˵ħҾִħ˵Ȩ˭˵Ҳˣ֮Уûһ˿Ի߳ȥ
ߺԽ˵Խ䵭·˵ȥĻǺ
֮󣬷׷״һƲҡ
ǣȻĴңΪԼߺԶ˶ӣԼʹ˵ˣԷҲδ
ǣ˭뵽ߺ̳ԣһָȥĺָֻ˵ϴ
ǺǵǽԷ궼һˡ
ڸߺĺ˵ȫСһ
ôǲ𣿡ߺʵ
еģߺһ
ߺȻһֳһ˿Цɣεļƻˡ


434 ͷ
ߺ֣۳һЩЩСıɵģ۸Ϳ
Ƿſ꣬ҵĺ뵽ǵĻ꺣֮УȻĻǾֻˣߺ˵
ʲôǵĺǲ̫ˣҪҪǵ׺ܶ࡭˻û˵꣬ߺһ̧֣һ
ɢʱǸѾһˡ
ȫޣˡ
ߺ¶һ˿΢Цô˭˵Ļ
ߺıôĿףǣ˵ĻĶȴͬĶħһ㡣
⡭ЩĳˣҪȺ֮ȴǸߺĶ֡
ߺڼӾĪҵߣԸǸ򵥣ڶøߺûа취ʲôʸ͸ߺƴأ
ߡǣ˵ߺͽ֮ˡ
ͣҲκεĽֻͣͬ⣬ǲͬ⣡ߺ˵һֻ۳ĺ·˭˵ܾߺѸȥ
Ǹǰ֮Ƕ˵ˡ
ڣһܲĳţ߶µߺǰԼſ˵ŵʱһ
ߺ΢΢𣺡Ȼ
һһö޷ıоѸٵķĻ꺣֮УȻ͸֮꣬ɢɺꡣ

۵ڵϲϵĴֵǣ֮겢ûнļֻоһޱױȵĺ䣬֮вϵߡ
е˶ŵĿˣ֪ߺ׻᲻ɱ
ģǸ˲ʹ຿ˣԭزϵĳ鴤ûһ㰲ĵ˯ˡ
Χˣû
ǣԽԽ˿ʼܸߺĺſøߺĺ뵽Լ֮С
ǵķӦͬոǸһֻмͬ
ߺıиոս뵽ǵ֮УǾֵĿŸߺŭ㡭ñɣ
漴һʹ֮ɫԭأ㽫ߺıǣôŬûа취
󣬱ͬЩһڵʹ˻ҵ쳹ҹա
ߺվм䣬һħһۣ΢ЦſʹĺУԼҲҡҡ׹
ոս̫걾Դ
ոգߺٴ걾ԴЩ
Ǵ˫ħĹ֮УߺϢеõ˿ǵķ
ǣȽΣյľҪ˵걾Դ
ԭǷŵͲʵãΪ걾Դѻָ
ָֻԼ걾ԴĿУ绨ʵϻȽʵһ㡣
ǣߺʣϺĻȪ飬ȻʲôӦĵ֡
ֽʹǿҲ᲻ϵǿ
Ͼ⺮֮ʹߵ꣬Ȼʹǿˣʹͷų걾ԴֻҪһҲǿ
Ҳ˵Щ֮ûܹΪܹߺͻһֱߺơ
ʹǵΪ˸ߺҲܹ֮еĺܹɹ

ҹĹȥˣҲ˹ô᲻֪ʲôȫվڸߺǰͷ
ڵڸߺǰûκɿˣȫҪߺĵǲʹߺҲҪ
Ϊߺ걾ԴѾһرķʽ͸ǵ֮У۸ߺ˵ʲô걾ԴŸߺıִС
֮κһˣոߺ뷨Ļ֤Ī
ˡе˶ͷеߺĵ˵ͷߣ߸ߣڵڰȴһĪ˵ĵṩϢң
ǡе˶ϹϾľһߺתͷǣֻҪܹͻƵõΪҾͿԱ֤ܹﵽ󲻵ĵز
ߺȻջ󣬱Ѿ޷ߺˣߺ˻һǸɺ޶־˶־ġ
ǿߺԴһǳķḻߺŶѾԶԿڡ
ߺԸԼˣԼ˵ΪҲһķɿ졣
ǡһ£ࡣ
ߺĽƷǰĽƷڲǸطһʱŽߺĺ
ҪҸߺţϵǿɽ纣Ҹ޸ߺǣԱһط
ǣû뵽ȴ𾪵һĻ
ߺȻǧˣǷĽˡ
Ľݼ˵Ǻ鰡ΪڸߺĽݼҵģԸߺǿ󣬶ĽݼֱӵĹϵ
οڵڰôߣһʲôңĪݼӦϣڰѸٵ¡
ڹȥ·ϣߺûзУŪһӣĸ̧ţʮƺƵķȥ
ڰ֮еĳȻ࣬ҲĪҵ˶ˣʮλߡ
ʱǳʱ򣬸ߺûиϸڲŸо
ȻʮλߣһԼɱ˼صģûֵģ͸Ҫ˵ˡ
ЩҲ㲻㣬մֵģû뵽ȴߺˡ
ߺǲڿзŻصʮǣͷβþΪЩˣ˴걾Դָ֧걾Դء
ǣôգʼղǺܿ졣
ߺ˫һ˵һȽϰĵطͣ£ҷģȻǶԶ㡣
ߺӽ֮еĴĸһ٣΢ҡһ¡
¸ĸ˾ּˣ¸ߺһ˳ģΪ½ɱ
ϵǣеħ˲ûʲôӦûŭ죬ûɱ¶
һ˿ûУֻǵ˵ûµģֲֽģǲҪģ˾͸˵˼ˣˣɣϢһ£
˵ţߺӰ˲ǵǰһԱʮɵĳȣߺĴ˫˲ʧǵ֮С
ĸ˻ϵĲԼͷϵ亹²ѡ
ĽƷº͵һЦô°
˼Цˣ˽ǿΪ˷ָĺܺ¡
ĽƷǣô˵˵ͷ֮еĽãǸоʲô𣿡
˵ˣһǣ漴ӦȻ֮вû˺
ʵСˣֻҪۣǺܺƵģԲЩһ㣬һ㲻Ҫͷ
˼ĵ˵ͷڸߺԶķ򣬺Ȼһɾ캮񷶼סˡ
СڸʲôĽƷԸߺ˽٣Ҫ˵ߺеĻȪˡ


435 ͻ
ʱĹȥĽƷżѾߺڵƬ򸲸źе˶ɪɪ
ٿ֣⺮֮дˣǵ궼ᱻϡ
ǸͲҿֻ˰֮ãߺ֮ڽԼ걾Դ޸ˡ
֮УߺϵĲԼܹصľ硣
ϧǣߺºջֻǽ걾Դָ˶ѣֳɳһ˿˿
Ȼֻһ˿˿Ǹߺǲˡ
ȫþ֮ڻظȷ걾ԴĹЧͬΪҲְ취Ϊɣߺ뵽
ϧҵѾ۷壬ȻĻĿԣվЩˡ
ߺ΢΢𣺡Ȼ˵ħұħӸƣҲǶǵĳͷɣӵԸˣǰ̫ίԼˣ
ո˵⣬ߺȻסˣȻ뵽ˣԼǴڤ֮УһֱҪץץĸоʲôˡ
ǾǱЩﱾˣӵĲ֣ӵϰԣǱ
ԼأЩһֱΪͻƾ磬ίȫѾԼıԿ쵭ˡ
ԼԸǴԾǶԣ̫⣬ԼѵҲҪαװԼ
ԭңҵԼ飬ܹһԼ
Լ鶼֪ı䣬ʲôʸȥء
ҶˣĶˣΣаΣֻԼߺЦȻԽԽаŸߺԼ
Цĺһ㺮ЩŸߺĲ֮֮壬ɢǿҵĺ⡣
ߺΪ֮мٵתȻһɼܵı̱˺
ǽıɣ̱˺ƬٱǣǱǡ
ЩѸٵߺ֮зȥĸߺһͻơ
ߺеĺȫ֮¡¡죬Ҹߺ˼ſˣҲΪ
ʮչ󣬸ߺͻԼΪ
˺ܶ࣬˵ǰľСϪĻôڸߺľǺ
ߺɢɫĳƯڿУƯһľ롣
ڸߺûͷʲôֿ֮еİȻǿߺ˵ֿ
ߺ֮еǰһȭһȦâѸٵĴӸߺȭͷɢȥ
Ȧâĵط˺ÿһϡ
ͬʱߺĲ֮ҲͬͻƵɡ
ҪģٸսĻߺаŭ֮ͿԷӡסǱһоƵ
ߺɢһâ⺮âԱκ߼ˡ
ֲЩνħΪôˣʮͻƳ˼ħ̹ʣԶΪûйǣһֱԼı԰
ߺɵ̾ϢͬʱˣƩɣȻڼɣȴǼ˵Ĺ
Щ˲ı޳ܣߺԺҲãаҲãԼһҪ̹Ϊ֮ѧЩ֮ˡ
ȴɴ뵽Լλʦ֡
ǵ˵ͻƳһ磬ԼһһģʱԼСһ㣬Ҫκˡ
Щ֮˵ʲôˣ˽ء

ߺŰķԶԶȴЩ˵ȻȫܵǾԵѹơ
ǸߺշߣܸǸӵʵ
Ƿ׷׹ڵϣǹѹѹš
ĽƷȺֻԼվţΪ֮вûиߺĽƣ뵱ȻĶԸߺֿܹ
ЩȴͬˣߺѹǣŸߺܵԼӵĴ
վˣڰĺߣ͵ʮСš
׷ײΪǸܵ˸ߺ
ߺ֮е걾ԴҲ˺ܶ࣬ǿĸоԼԸߺľԽԽˡ
ͻˡ
û뵽ǿֵزô͵˵ļһҪЧˣ
û˭ΥˣǾ·һ
ֻ˲ܴ۷壬Ҿ˵飡

ߺͻƣȻЩ˾ԲΥߺ˼ⲻò˵֮ϲ
ſ֮߶֪ԼŹȻôǿ
Ͼߺܹú걾ԴˣĿǰֻиߺһ˶ѡ
ߺɫȻڵѾȫִڵˣڣ˵ߺ
һ̤˲ĽƷ˵ǰĿŶԼŵڶߣ˫һЩ˵㲻ܿƵվ
˭߳ȥ뱾ĿƣʹӦǣߺˣĽƷ嶼׸ߺΪʲô
ǣߺȷʵĵġ
ͲЩˣЩֻǺڣԼħһС
ʱ֮Ǵ粽ˡ
ҵԼ飬ãννаֻҪԼ˵Щʲôأ
ԣдһ˵
ǣҲ벻ǣЩ˾ȻЧҡ
˹ҵ̷ܹˣĪң˳
ҵЧˡ

֮˵Ļǧƪһɣһ仰ǾǾԲߺᱳѣȻ뿪
ߺĲ׵ô¡
ǣǵ뷨֮ȴ֪Ǿû˵ѣ䶼ġ
Լ׵飬ߺҲ
ˣ߰ɣߺ˵漴̧Ųôƽ߽˽֮С
ߺκ˶оѾǸߺϰˡ
ǣߺͷѩɫûиıɺɫ
ǸߺȥǸߺİԴͻƵ֮󣬱޷ȥˡ
ͷϣʹͷѩɫ
ڰʮǲǺԶģǣߺԼеĻһܵ
ڸߺʵֻðʱԵˣǣĸ˿ɶǳ硣
Ҳøߺżô棬Լ
ڸߺΪˣͬʱҾҲˡ
˵Ļ˵Ҿڶء
ڸߺڿǽԼĸʴ֮ŭ֮ںϵһ
ʱǾǵؼˡ
ߺڵŭ֮븯ʴ֮ȻǰǣȴܳǵؼҪ봴ؼǰҪϲǳɹ
˵߶ڸߺڱʱͻƵģ˵ǰ
ôߺֻһвþ֮ǰġ
þȻȴǰ֮۽֮
Ҿ֮У˲ͱˣĸ˵ֿϺ̧Ÿߺ
ǣһ̣˾֧ŲסˣǸ̫ģǶûа취ֿס


436 ̽
ߺһʱֱеͷŲЩԾԼȻһΧסˡ
ߺʱ򣬲֪ԼԼĽ֮УǱ𴦡
ߺһȭ˽ӣƯڿУĸڶ߶µ̧ԼĽӡ
ĸˣ֮ǰ̧ԼӵǼˣߺ˿Щ˵ɫ࣬ҲΪˡ
Լ뵽ҾʱʶĽԼ֮еһ˿˿ͷųˣҪȻҲЧ
ǼǲΥԼ˼ԸܶҲԸ½ӡ
ֻüˣ뵽⣬ߺЦЦˣǲˣҲżҴ߰ɣ
˵ţߺһʮһУԼٵʮȥ
ڸߺ˾붫춼Ҳ̫Զˣֻʮӣߺ㵽ˡ
ߺٶȣʮһ룬Ѿﵽˡ
ҲǼϱļ٣ߺٶѾˣٶȣߺܷһӣѾǼˡ
ʮʱ򣬸ߺѾоЩˡ
ߺǳʮĽݼҷֲȻԼķȥ
뿪ôˣܳʱûԼӵ˵ˣߺҲЩԼԶļһ
ֻȴӵ˼ѡ
뵽Ľݼҷֲ֮Уߺ¶һ˿΢Ц޶
ǻû˵꣬һԼ
һץԽһɽɷĩ
ߺӭСһצӣһһӣһ̳ǰֵһץ
Ǹߺ֮ڸߺСˣ
ߺҲ൱찡û뵽СṥԼ
ҲȻˣߺٶѾ˹ˣô죬С͸ȸоǲǸߺߺѾˡ
СֻǸоһǿ￿ԸߺΪ͵Ϯء
ٿСŸԣҲԴٻ۷ޡ
޸ǽûгıУӣߺҪʲôʲôٶƴ
ô㣬ɵɵĿŸߺߺֽǶ±ǽΪԼ֮С
Ȼˣƺأߺʵ
Դӽ֮󣬸ߺûпĽƺдһʡ
һ£⼸סˡ
ߺɫƺôˣǲǷʲôˣ
ˣӵġС̷˵һ顣
ԭĽƺϵʱĽѩȻ˽ĽƺˮȻǱ޳ܵСˣֻ͵Ϯ֮Ļ
ĽƺȻˣĽѩ˵ԭɵʱ򣬴ҲŸ״
ԭǴθߺĽƺȥʮԱսʱ򣬴е˲ǱˣĽѩ
ʱƣҪȥɢɢģȴ룬Ҫȥʱ򣬱һֻˮС
ҿʱŵн׷ڼףȻĻˡ
󣬸ߺ޵ȣͻصʮԷȻҲˡ
ĽƺĽѩ˵ǻԹϴĽѩԼߺĽѩͿĽƺ˳ۡ
֮£Ϊ˵
˾Ȼȥսˣ˫ͬģвڳСʹ֪ˣҲûа취ǹͨ
ϸߺʱԸǼߣۼˣĽƺĽݼˣʼԼ飬˲ó֡
˱ȥˡ
ߺԽɫԽڣûȥϸĸоĽƺλá
˲ͳȥˣЩ߻ûнߺȥˣ׷׸
ĽƷˣߺ˵ĽΪʲôأҲ
ߺĵǣĽѩСûûأô֪顣
ȻĽƺΪܶˣȴΪˮɱͲȥƺܵʲô˺
Һã˶ǻߣߵĲ̫Զߺܿ͵ֳ
ĽƷߵҲڸߺ󣬵ֳ
棬Ҫ
ȻߺϣĽѩǳûأĽƺѾˣһ˿Ѫ
ĽѩߵҿʦҲôºڣԼԸڰȸ֣ôʱûҿ׶༪ˡɶǣҪָյҵĸȥҸʲôأ㻹ʦ޵ˣûһԻ߳Ľݼҷֲ
ߺԽɫԽڣû뵽ĽѩСѾͷûҲͰˣĳȻ˵ĺݶҪɱеˡ
ԱߵĽƷɫֽһ㣬ֵĿŸߺ¸ߺɱԼŮ
ǣߺûжǵվԭأųе
ҪĽƺ׻ôʹȥǷս
ĽѩСѾͷ׺ݶʲôĳ̶ȣǲܹɱԼӡ

㡭һǸʲôΣգȥ˵Ҿˣ˵ţߺһЩ˽ߵĿС
ڵۿĻǿ˵ġ
ƾĽѩ˵ΪҲԲоߺˡ
ߺָһ֮һصĵط

Ľƺ˫۳ѪָĽѩţ㣬㣬ʦûǸҶʦһһ˿Ҿϣ
ô˵Һú°Ҿھɱ㣡˵ţĽѩһ˿ɱ
žеıĽƺȥ
Ľƺ֪ס乭˫۱ϣ׼ͷļ
ɶңֻһͬȥڿţѸٵĽѩȥ
ٶȼ죬ֻʣһӰӶѡ
ǣˮضˮûǿɱҶԷִŻڼףΪȶԷǿԸûܵκε˺
ĽѩеļͬˣǽˮĽƺؿڴȥ
ǧһʱһӰȻڳϣȻһӳ䣬ǿĳͽǱס
һšǱ뿪Ľѩ֣˦һԣһϡ
Ůޣ˴ˣǸǸߺոµġ
ĽѩеĽûˣ˲ŭ˭Ұ򣬾ȻҶ֪˭ҿǹŹ
һУϿյļУߺҡҡͷӸԲģ
ԱĽƷûһ˿˵ɫˣڸߺԱ˵
С壬СŮ֪ˡǰˣһʮĹ֣ɱ˲գ۲˵һԿˡ
˵ߺΧļ£͹Լһˡ
ߺ˵ȥ
㲻ˣĽƷŮǧٳʲô۶ӣȻҲȲˣ
ҰĹԼΪʲôƽʱúùܽԼŮ簮ߵˣôĻ


437 
ߺʲôû˵һ˦֣ĽƷǣĽݼҷֲǸطΪĽƺǸ߰æԼʦĸ˾ȳ
ڸߺʾ£ǸҲΪѡĴӦˣĽƺĽݼҷֲȥ
гߴţһĽƺ㳬ĽѩһԼȥĻĽƺ絽Ľݼҷֲ
ɶĽƺһӺڣ˵ţ²ɵüӿһЩ
ʵǶôģȣĽݼҷֲô׾һλߴȥĻҲܳĽˡ
ĽݷֲǼ߲ǰ裬ʹгҪĽݷֲҲȹһء
ʹͷĽƺǴǽȥĽݼҵĸ߲㣬ĽƷ֮ĸ߲㡣
ǣֵǣԼȥʱǼ߱ϹϾĽӴǸߡ
ǺôĵӣҴͨıĽݼҷֲ֪֪Ƿ˶Ľѩɷ˵ıǶ
ǼĽƺϹϾĳʮֵΪѣǣߺԸǣҪ⼸˰
ʲôߺˣǸţҵĸȥڰ˵ͱˣ֪ν˵ǵڰأĽѩм˵
Ǽ󣬵ҲԴĽƷ屻֮ü˶ûš
ڰҲûдʲôϢǸое㲻̫
Ҳǣʹߺǵڰĳ߿ɲϴ͵Ϯ󳡵ٰһڶĺߡ
ڰҲߺʹҲЩߵĶְ
οǵڰ治֪ʲô֡
ߺʢܣЩˣɱҲ˵
˶ϼ޻֮ˣ룬Ƕڴĺ֮꣬ͻƵĳߣûǷ˵鼫
ţǱĽƺȿ£Ұķסһпߵ·ߡ
ոϵĽƷ廹ԼЩǧҪԼŮһ𷸻룬ڿ첢ûб
Щļĳ߹Ȼڴߵ⣬˸ߺ⡣
ʹСӵɫһˣ
ٺ٣˶ҲòɣϴֻƳһۣߵٺٺ١ʱֻҪ֮еĺӸ
ǻɣϲиˣܵЩ۷׷ףͿԱ˶Ŀˡ
ǣ벻ǣиߺΪ֮ǿѾǵɫԽԽȻ
ˡ
ΪߺūͣȻܹ΢΢ĸܵߺ飬οߺûԼ顣
ߺ˵û£ȥ
ǡ˽һڸߺĺ洹վ
ϵȴǼٵУʱֻҪߺһ£ͻϵĳȥЩߺŭ
⼸֮Уȫǳһߣгأصߡ
ոǸ˾ǳصߣڵڰ֮ҲСˡ
˳ϬߣΪģһ˫ޱȵϬŷɥ
Ϊǽ֮ʣԲŻôϬ
ǿˣԸߺСӵСӳ
ܴ֮ǰʲôˣֻҪǱߺסǾͱҪߺķԸոߺ
ʱΪշߺһ˲ٵĹ˱һ걾Դס
Ҳȷߺ˳Уһȥһ޷屻ıΡ
ĽƷ忴Ϭгֵ˼ĸӵˣ濴ȥǧҪ֡
ȻոߺƢĽݼҷֲ»ڰһʮ˼
١
ΧĽƺǼߣûеȴĽѩ˵ѾʼֹĽѩǸˡ
ǵиԼıһһб
Ľѩһŭգڸʲôֻ㽫Ǵѣ
ԲС㣬ĽݿȻڣûҪĻֻҪɱȻ㷵ض춼ܲɣ˵ţеɵּ˼֡
мߺɳȥĳߣޱ飬ЩͻĹ˿⣬·ԼҪһ㡣
ףʹԼ֣һԼҲδֻܹܼԼˡ
ţ˲
ȻЩոյǰĽƺѲʵ乭
ļˮڿǵȥֻҲԼԷĻҲƲ
ʦͽ
ЩߵĹ仰ոճڵʱ򣬺Ȼͣ˰գȻͷϿʼĽ˺
ܵһɲǣЩ߾;鲻á
ļ˵ߺЩЩ˵ܴ֮Իȥˡ
ѱûǲôɹû뵽
ܡ
ڿ˵ŷɥĻУ֪˸ߺжôǿǸûзϣ
ǣǵٶôȵϸߺҪɱǵľأ
ߺûԶֱҲˣĽƺˮһɲǼ䣬һööӨ͸ı
Щٶ֪֮ǰ߳˶򱶣֮ܳڣЩ׷׵׷ǣȻ͸
һٱ֧ٴΣ嶼Ϊ͸ˡ
ǻЩǰͬһֽһոձһء
ģЩЩʣ֮󣬺ȻȫͣĽѩΧĽѩΧʵʵġ
ĽѩȻ˸ոյ˶Ŵˣ֮վţƶҲҶ»ᱻɱ
أƺС壬ĲǹģԭңҪɱҰ֮£ĽѩȻڵӨӨ
ΪĽƺأǣĽƺûѰҡ
ʦǲΪߺͽܣȻ׸ߺʲô
ԣȷߺѾΧˣոճ־
ûȸߺ˵ĽƷȴ˳
С壬ȮŮ֪Сԭ°벻ҪɱСŮ
ϣȻֲʮӰߺĽƷС
ߺָָĽƺҵͽܣǡ
û˵꣬ȫ£µȲμĽү
˵űд⵹ǽߺһû뵽Щ˻Լͽô
ҲǣԼǵˣôԼͽܲأ
Ľƺǳ׵ɵˣĿŸߺ֪˵ʲôˡ
ովԼǸߣҲԼš
ոԼʦ⣬Լġ
ǣλǰǶǸɡĽƺͷһα˼ҹݣȻֲ


438 
ˣôˣǽȥɣ˵ţߺʹͷȥ
ĽƷ忴æеС塭ȮŮĽƷ˵ţָָԼ֮еĽѩ
ߺĿһۣ˵ҲɱϾոջֹ֪ҲδҪͷһЩӰɣʱһҵȻſ
˵꣬ߺͷҲصĽȥˡ
ĽƷ峤̾һתһ룺ҲãԼŮû֮ǣһܸһЩѵԺٳȥˣ
ߺҲɣƽߣΪ粻֪ٴˡ
ĽƷ尦̾ĸŸߺĽݼҷֲֳֻһ̲̲Ѫ֧ĽѩΧʵʵ
ĽѩȥǣЩʵ̫ڽʵˣԼȻû棬ͱǵǰˡ
ԼĸȻӦȴ׵ĽԼų
׿ɲô룬ߺһɱԼİ۳ɵıôױԼƵˣǸߺͲкھߵͣ
οҪǸߺѾͻ˳أ˿µĳأ˵ļ
˵жѲˣԷʩչԼôô׵Ƶأ
µȣμĸڸߺĽ֮£Щ֪ǸеŮˣǸߺӣҲԼ˵ĸ
޿Ȼвʮĳ߹Լǰĸ֪׷ʲô顣
ҵԼ𣿡޶ŸߺСʵΪߺҵԼһүء
ߺͷϲ˺ߣε˵ءף˰ɣߺʵڲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ô˵棬Ѳ˵Լܹ˵
ߺƴǲ֪̾пһּ˵Ըߺô˸ʡ
Ĳ׷ȥǵĶЩŵ˵Ƕɣ
ֵҲ󷽣ʮֵĵ塣
޾۹ĹǾʮֵϤҲ
ǴûԹг߶ԼְֹݣҷǳĹιʱ޷ġ
۹ÿһ߶ǱΪϱôܻǹأ
޵УߺѾԽˡ
ԼͬˣԼĸףԼȻ޷͸Է
ߺһˣʵû֪Ѿﵽʲôĳ̶ȡ
˵Ȼʦһŵڡ
һ֮󣬴߾磬һԾΪ˾硣
ͻƶ೤ʱ䣬һĳ̶ȣȻٴΪ˾硣
λ֮󣬻ڶĳߵūͣĸԸĳΪˣΪĸ
һɵӸߺ˵ĶеһܿȥǣһƬޣʲôûС
˵۾ʼۼ¡Ķϣֲţ֪˵ʲôá
С壬ѲɡĽƷѵһڿˮεʵ
ߺ˵ͷҵıӣӣҲǰֻܹ˵ھȻܸʮһ˵˲ٰ
Ȼߺʲôתʵҵλֵ𣿡
ĽƷ嵱Ȼ֪ߺ˵ǽ죬תͷԸˣԵλѹû
ûһһˣߵߺǰ¡
λˣλˣֳֻȥˣȥʱϵʮֵǿڸߺ˷ԸΪҲû˸׷ϡ
ߺ˳˼ĽƷ˵Ǽ˸ҹɣѯһ£
ڸߺĻĽݼҷֲ͵ʥּ
ո´˱㼱æܳȥȥˣһһƫƧԺУһǿ
ֱʣǳߵϢ
Ϣȴڿٵƶһߺ˵ǰ
²μߺˣˣ
ߺĵ˵ͷߵʱɢǿƣԼʲôȼģ
ϸһ£µ˵Ǻأƻڲϵ
ߺˣѰҵطͻȥˣԼڻе飬ܵȴˡ
ޣ㲻Ȼ۹ɣг̵ѾҵˣߺתԵ
춼Ȼ㿴һ춼ȥġ
ǣڿ鲢ôˡ
ֵܱץŭգһҪĪΪ˸һۡ
ңͨĽѩһ£ߺ֣ЩүСǣͲ֪ȵȡ
ֻȡ֣Լȥ飬޵Ϊܵ˺Ǹߺ뿴ġ
۹ǸСɽ֮УʵڲУܵڤ֮УЩӵѰӻ
ңǱߵĸҲûô࣬Щ߱Ѿˡ
ʮĳߣǱһûʵ
ټϣߺд㡣
ߺӰһȻڸߺ֮߳һεĺǺۣһ۳˸ߺӡ
ߣòģϵϢߺһ޶ֻΪȴߺ˺ܶࡣ
ߺǵ˼Ҳǳؾ磬߷ֻиߺһֻгؾ硣
Ÿߺһ
˼ûа취ʦߣ»ᱻԷ
ͬڣһߺ
Ǹߺͻ֮Ӱɣ򵽵ġ
ǻӰɵһˣߺ˸ߺİ壬걾Դɵġ
ӵиߺһΪߺޣ޵İȫ
ң߷ʲô飬ʹԼ֮ңҲĸо
ֻҪ𣬸ߺͻ֪޷ʲôΣա
ߺһģ㵹ˣߺֵĶЩ˵֮󣬾߷ĻΥ߷ǿɱǡ
ߺѸٵʧԭأʮ֮ȥԸߺ걾Դ˺ʩչεĲþϿЩͷŵ걾ԴҪ
ʱߺûоʲôڸߺȴоޱȵһ˿Ҳ᲻·Լͷвϵĳʹ
ͬһʹߺ޷ܡ
룬һ˵꣬ӲĴֻһЩҲһֻ˵ǲʹС
ǣߺǾ߷ȴŸߺе뷨ߺһģҲǿ˰ɡ
֮⣬Ǿ뷨˵òԣҲͬ
ߺͷһЩۣ֮걾ԴҲ㹻ʩչһβþ


439 ȵ
ǺãǸߺķձ뷨Ǹóˣߺ˵
Сһ±ĵǰĵ𣺡Ͳҵˣ
ߺĿСһۣô˵Ҳô˵ӵб뷨ǣȴĲǱֻӵбִб뷨
һ£Ȼ˵ô˵ֻǱһѣȴûбʵֻǼ̳иߺһѣ
ߺ񵭵Ц˵ʮֵȷģ
ˣǣЩ˴ӸߺϣоǾԵǾԿƵ
ǶԸߺ߷е־壬ǾԿƵûа취
ˣھ𣿡ϬڸߺǰȻ˵
ߺĿһۣСţϹĸϣ
Сſԣŵ壬Ӧǣתˡ
ߺķЩſȥߵſڵʱĽѩǱ֮ɪɪ
ոţ˻žǣһСʱûˣ̱ڵϡ
ϢʱƯıȻڶ·ȹƵģȻЩͿʼ׹ȥ
ҿϵĶܣǱ֮У۵ǺˣȻĻĽѩûſԻ
ߺĶǶѱһ֣ǳɶѵıû˴ĺ뵽ߺ֮С
ߺķ;ЩԸߺٺòˣֻкſʹ߷ڵʱӵĳá
Ȼٺòˣߺɺ۶ɵġ
ߺĶŻվ˫۳־ĽѩҾͷŹˣӦøл㣬ڵҺڵ׹
˵ţѾˣߺ޽֮УԼȴվԱߣϵ·¡ȻһԱ¶
ĳȶʼ۹ȥ
ߺĸ󣬸оЩϷԣԼոմ۹޾ȻΣҪ޻۹
ֱǷһ㣬Ϊкİȫߺȴò
һ˺ƺƵˣĽƷȴȵһֱվʲôղϵ졣
ԣܻܰģոǡ
˵Ѿ˵ȥˣոյǷǿԴںܳʱ䣬սķ
ĽƷȻ˵Ǽʶ㣬Ҳ˵֪ʶԨˡ
ȻһЩǿ߿Լ
ǣߺֵĩΪֱܹǲ˼飬ǣȴһţó۷ߣҲʦ۷徳顣
ǾǲĵӰڣӰڵ˵ɿ˵˿ͣӦ˵ǿ
ΪӰ֮еĹӰɣ˷Ĺܡ
ȻַֻʹһʹõޣҲֻа˳ɵ
ǣ֤Ӱһ˲ţֻҪɹˣ൱˲š
˵һ֣Եһôã˵ӰڵǱֱǲġ
ɣҲܲӰڷУӰڵӰֱ̫ˡ
ǣߺոյУǻӰ֮еһأɶ˵һһ㡣
ߺȻͨӰڵһ֮ɹˣһء
֪ߺϻɵϽ֪ôˡ
ߺʩչһιֻҪۣܹ֮ģ³
츳ۣ֮ģµĲ࣬࿴εĻ˵Ϳʩչˡ

һ¹󣬸ߺٴγʮȴǸߺķˣǸߺı
Լĵ걾Դָˣһᾪ
ŵ˵ϣʹӰ֮ˣҪҪȫָԼҲҪܶʱ䡣
Ƿŵߺϣֻһ¾ˡ
ֻһ¾ͽԼ걾ԴȫĻָˣȥǻˡ
ڣߺǰĽƷѾɵˡ
⡭⡭ʵǺҪȥ춼ǰɣʲôʱߣĽƷѾͲøߺϿˡ
ߺľʵ̫ˣ¸ߺȥᱻ𾪵ķ
ߺ˵ߣ֮ǰҪҪһݵͼ춼ʮͼȻĻһ·ģ
õģ͸׼˵ţĽƷ˿ˮȥԼ鷿֮иߺһƤͼ
Ƥħ޵ģޱȵĽʵֻƤֵܹס˵ı
Ҳ˵൱һȻıһ㡣
ߺŶԷı֣֪Щ죬ԼԷĴ̫ˣ˿⡣
ԷȻĽЦĶӣǸߺܹоʼʱ򲢲ΪݶԼֻҪԼҪԼѡ
ڣǾԼԼǿ
ãټˣ㸸׵ĻҸ޺ϣһ𴹵ӣܻߺ˵
˵仰ʱ򣬸ߺӰʼı䵭ʧڿ֮УֻһӰ
ڸߺı͵˰֮⡣
յͼ׼һǼٵķȥ

Լ˲ʮ죬ߺڵ˶춼
ʮ֮УߺһֱУҲ߻ʵڲоϢһ
춼֮⣬ߺβûԵﶫ춼ʱڶ춼֮⣬½ʮֵĿ죬һ˲䵽˵ϡ
صʱ򣬸ߺ÷·Լȵʲôǣû㲻Ϊ⣬۾Ӧ
ߺӦ˶춼ʮֵĳԣֻǸоܺĿ
ߺոߣʱһֻץסĽţȻɿ֣Ľš
ʱ򣬸ߺĽѾ̧һˣȻһ˵˵ֵܣȵˡأ
ţߺһ죬Ǹո̧Ľȥոոߺޱȵ
һȥߺ̸оԾˣԼĽžȻԵ޹ʵȥ
ߺǵãոֻŲȵȫ¶ȡ
ѲҪ͵Ϯңߺһʹзȥһӷ䵽һߣ˫ֳצʽŸոԼȹĵطȡ
ηˣȻ͵Ϯң
ȿȿȡһӰشӵϿţ뵽ʲôޡ
ʲô͵Ϯ㣿͵ϮҺòãɵأʹҵϣҲͰˣҺ㻹ŲȵҵǲǸҹȥ
ߺˣû뵽ԭԼĴԼոջΪ͵ϮԼ
ͷ˿ԼЬϵӡף˵ȷ٣ԼӦãţܣҵˡ
СֵܣǶԲ𡭡
ͣ˵˭Сֵܣ󣬿СˣҽСֵܣֵܣ㹻񰡡


440 һ
ߺŶԷϴһЬӡȴԼ۵˭˭СੲݣЩΣЩ
˵˭˭СôҪôҪǽϵɣߺѵ
ԴҪ˵һˣ˵ոոұȵˣôҲӦʾɣ
ߺ˵е˼΢ЦŷʵҪʲôʾ
ϸһ£Ȼһ֣ȷʮʯɣ
ߺĴһ˴Ž񲯣ȱǮˣֻΪ˺ѡ
ʮʯߺǸģһʮʯУ˹ȥ
ϣʮʯ֮ɢˣߺҲ⣬ߣͲʲô
ƬƬǼһæ·Ŀʼӿеʯոսӵһͱɹһͷ
ҵ˵ϣȻͳ׵ıˣϵʯͷ׷£ҵǸ˵ϣڵʹĵͺš
ߺ˫΢΢һУ˵ѵҪϷȥһ۷ߣȴװʲô书ᣡҲΪˣ
ߺĻһӵϴȻŸߺٺֱЦô֪ģѵ˵ݵĲãôһϷ
ŴƤЦģǸߺо˲ͨˣȻҲôӵôǿΪ
۷壬ֻʮ꣬ȫŷҹȰˡ
ȻڵǶԸߺ˵ȫʲôǣܹд˳ɾ͵ģݻС
ҲǸߺĲ²ѣһԷԼһֻһرã츳ߵء
൱С
㵽˭ߺޱ飬˵
ЦЦţߺ˵ȻתϸĴһ¸ߺͦ˧ͷѩɫģģô䵭Ⱦƣ
˵ţ־ߺץȥ
ߺϰ߱ץţǶԷԼϺܶ౶Լûз֮£ĻúܱŤ
ߺż㣬ѸٵƮȥ
кȻһͬӰڿҲϵİڳơ
ǣȴһֱǰĸߺץȥ
ƲǰװڳģЩƣܸߺȥγɵķ羢
Щ羢Ʋǿʵȴ谭˵ٶȣÿһƣǷ羢ʹԱ߷ɹȥ
ͬڷҡҷҶŷƮԡ
ߺв̾˵ΪߣҹҲṦԣʲôأ
ȻߺֹͣסԼܵ壬ֿ磬ѸٵĽԷֵס
һ£Ȼʹǣôʹߺ־ǯһ㣬ͳ鲻
ȥ㼴ʹϲңҲɣҿ˰˿ŵ˵
ߺɫɣͲ˵
һиͶԸߺã΢΢һ£ȻҪȻһƧĵطͥڵġ
ߺüëһǴͥڣûиɣ
˿˿ܣȷǶˣҲҲˡ
֪ϲңһģ
ֻϲŮˣϲ˵ģôҶûá

磡ŹҰɣĲǹģԺһģԲٿˡ˶޳ˡ
ʲô°һ˵סӣûԼˡ
ҵǺ⣬ոõʲôߺˣվԭ˵
˲䱻׵ˣ˶ɻҰɫˣÿǻ˵磬Ҫ˵˵͸ˣ
˵Ҳ
ȷſң˵˵۲ۡǡǿɰˡ

֮ǸǷˣߺҲִ̫ˣңΣ
ߺһ¾ɿˣǵЦңΣҵˣ
˭ôʲôģԷȥһϣ
ߺôЩ˼һϲŭЦЦ䡣
Ǵӵ飬ôӦûѸ٣ң˾ҲǺѡ
ڸߺԼΪӡˣֻʣһͷİ׷ĽߵʵӦ۷ˡ
Ҹո춼Դ˻ز죬ҽߺ΢Ц˵
Ƕ£ߣȴȥ춼ľ¥ϳԶȥΪӦĽһܶ˰ɣ˷ĶԸߺ˵
ߺǺܶϾڳ׶ˣȻϾڸߺڣӡ㹻һ겻ʳҲν
ǣȻԷ˵ˣԼûбҪˣοԼҲЩ֪ⶫ춼ʲô
Լȥضҵ˴ԼתתǾͲһˡ
˵춼֮Уɽ޵ģ֮ˣԽ޵νƽǿ类֣鷳ġ
춼ţÿһŶһţҲ֤һʶˣг롣
Ͽտ춼´Χǽм俪ʼֳݣ㶦֮ơ
ΧǽҲֿˣÿռһ
ռ֮һĵطռʮֵĴ
Ǻɫɱ¾֮ɫɫ
ĸռһߺڻ֪Ϊڹۿء
֮⣬ذǱָ֮⣬ҲǶߵһɡ
ǻûôռݵذҪĵط
ڵذ֮ǰһˣˣ˼ҵֻ϶ѡ
ʲôߺȻ֣Լ񲢲֪˵֣һ·϶Сֵơ
Էԡҡơ
ߺѯʣǸЦ˵²£ǲ³ҽС
߹һˣϹһ˿аЦߺ߹ߺⲻĻӣָɽҰһ𰡣Ҳûʲô˲𰡣
˵ı󻹸żˣÿ˶ǽйΪҲǲ
ССͣ˺۷ĵز
˭ߺűǹƵΧĵǸʵ
ΪģЩ֮УҲʹ˵ʵȽǿˣģԶˡ
֮еһˡĪ˵˵ΪѾ˳磬ǣΪֹһûп֣δ֪
ڸߺԱ˵Ī۹֮Уһ˿ɵһ˿ս⡣
ݣû뵽νõˣԣе˼ǿˣ㣬е˼һ䣬ĪŸߺ˵ġ
ʮֵᣬ·𲻰˵⻰ո˵Ա߾˷ܵǰǰСүӢ
ҪҪٴһϴҿɱĹҵġٺٺ٣ݿһ˿ƤЦ


441 һȭ
֪νĪ˵Ȼת˸ߺʲôȰ㲻Ҫߵô
ߺĸƽԼ·˵ôѲʲô𣿡
Ժ֪ˣĪ˵һЦұ֤ڵģɱ¾֮Ȩߣ
źȺﳤȥ
ô£ߺݣΪʲôԷ˵⻰ңɱ¾֮Ȩô¡
ߺѯʵĿ⣬Է̾һͲ֪ˣǰЩӡ
ߺףԼ⣬׾Լ
ڰĪɱ˾ųɣЩ߶ûзŹֻʣһЩͼߡ
εģε߶Щϵ˵ûʲô̫á
ڰ֪ģȫ˸ߺ£ޱҳϵ£ΨһһŵھȻûг塣
ɱ¾֮Ȩߣڶ춼֮Уҷֱ
ȨĪĪңõ֮
Ȼңյɱ¾֮ǹŹĽݼˣյ֮
Ȼ֮Ϊصһǣȥߣԣ֮ȥ֮ʹȱٺܶߡ
ȻͼĹˣ֮ʺ˲ŵģԱ֮еʵǿĪռ졣
ɱ¾֮кܶԴұ֮Ҫ٣š
ͽԽǿԽǿʵǿļ壬ǿռݸõԴռݸõԴ͵иߡ
ȻļҲǲеģǣȴҪڶķá
磬Ī֮ˣ֮ʲôöýɣǣĪȴҪٿҵʯ
ܹ֮֮дһ£һ¼ʹ㲻Ҳᱻִ
ҵĹҪıǧʯ
ĪӣֻҪһǧͿˣǣڰ¼֮֮䲢ûзս
ͬܣΪĪǽǧʯдһµʱ䡣
֮͵ģҲ˵Чġ
ߺˣǾϵıոտݽŹĽޣûнκεķá
ǣĪʱһǽʯƵʯ
ȱ֮Ź˵ֱǼ尾
Ǻò״չ˽֮ʯǣ߽ͻ˴ʯǵҪ֮ʱȴȻ˵һ
֪ԭ֮ûйĪĪңʵʹһУǾϾԵĹ
ҪҪĪ
Ϊ໥Ա֮£ĪƽշȴӦĽ˶Ա֮£ڹƽĪ뵽Ī֮С
һҵĸͲˡ
ȻЩ߶ԾԵս𲻵̫ãǣȴ𵽺ܴá
ǿʢˣȻűˣŶˣ͵ǸǿһЩ
ЩߺûκεĹϵˡ
ڵĸߺ֮ûκεȤˣ˻Ȫ飬ͱ֮֮еĺ
ֻҪջȪĺͿˡ
ǰȥԭǣȪ֮۵ĺ̫ں䣬һóԼͻᱻӡסԼȻĻǷӡǲᱻԼ򿪵ġ
ңʱţÿһλȪۣ֮Ǳĺͻһ֣ߺɣȥԼܻƲסȪĺɣΪ佩

û뵽һ¼Ź˴ôʧ
ߺ뵽⣬˵ŵù𣿡
ߺ˵Ȼ֣ȴзԣ˵ͷаʲô飿
ߺû˵һһƳУĽЦԼöơ
ƵһɲǣסˣĲ֪ΪĽݼѣȻƴʲô
ֵܣ㲻Ľݼҵһү˰ɣҲ̫еˣ
ߺһͷߣⶼĸİʲôԼĽݼҵһүˣԼͲܴӱ;ˣ
ûСߺ鵭Ȼ˵
ûе˵ȥݾʹ԰˵ǲ׵ĽݼҵүģЩϼһǣΪͶǳؾˣ͸ǼҵЩϼһһôǡ͵ģ
ҲǿЩģȡ
ȡšһǰΪʦˣȻңǹŹүʵӵ˽ӣ
ߺ̫ḻ˰ɣ
˵ˡ
Ըë˭뷨ǶԵġ

ߺݱ˵֣ŹĽݼȥ
ٶȲǺټϹ֮䣬нͨߣ
Ҳ֮һֻ֮Ѫ͸ӵϡˣԺԲƣڵߵٶȷǳĿ졣
Щ߽׵ģԼܹϳߵٶȣڸߺ˵㹻ˡ
Լ֮ڵĿĵأŹĻʳ֮⡣
Źʹ۹ĻʹвģΧһȦߴΧǽȻΧǽ֮ϣʮһڣɺ۷
ں۷ԲʮǵĸӦΧڡ
һȦǽ۷ߡ
֮ǰû̫ϽȼʹͲʲôֱڿоͷɽȥˣαҪڹ֮йȥأ
ǿǵְҲһЩܷеߣŶãֱӷɽɳǸá
Χǽ֮󣬴¥ɽ͡
粻ȷǹŹĻʹߺĻΪһء
ߺûнȥʱ򣬸պһ˴̴֮кʮӣôпյ
ˣҲһϲĽǣôˣ
ĽǷ˸ߺһۣ۾һִˣʵΣҵһԣ
˵ţһһУȻߺǽ׹һ㣬ߺٵ׹ȥ
ߺ˫һټģоȻ̺ǳ֮Ȼֻһ˿˿Ǹߺȴоġ
·Խһж˺ѣʥػ
ߺ治ɫƵĽ⣬ֻȭͷȻѸײڶ֮ƣѸٵĳȭ
һεĲӸߺȭͷܹȥҵײһ
ݾȵǣĽǵһз·Ĳһ㣬ȴĿʼ飬Ȼɢȥ
ֻһ˲䣬ͱ鿪ʧӰˡ
⡭ĽҲԻˣԼһоݶҪȫԣߺȴֻɵһȭͽлΪС
ʮӣʲôˣȻôǿ󣿡ĽǻΪߺݵء
ݿЦһ⡭ûϵҪģңҲǱȰ
˵ţԲۣĿĽݡ


442 ս
ߺЩΣԼôôа񰡣Լûвѣ
Ȼô룬Ǹߺûô˵ǵĵ˵ͷȷĽݼҵģ
Сܵܣʲô飿Ÿߺ䣬ԷȻ΢Ц˵
ӱ濴ߺֻʮ䣬ңòʹٹʮ꣬ߺҲʲô仯
ĽǸո˵ڣͱݷסͣСӲˣԷΪȡ
ĽѿĽݼҵĵط˵˭°
ε˵⣬ˣĽݼԼˡ
ƣûа취ǵģҿ϶ĽݼүһݵģҲ˵Ľݼһ˵Ķ
Ľ߳ݣ˵ٺԱ߿ĽǵЦ
ߺһö˳Ľǿ˿ó㻹ܲô
ƣôЦүүĲࣿĽͷŵ˵
ߺ˵ĽЦҵˣ
ʲôϵĽǺ֪Լ˵ˣѸٷӦЦʵ
ûбҪ˵ɣߺո˵꣬һ˾ʹԶݵߡ
ݿ֮󣬶Ըߺˣ
ߺһһһųУоۼһ˿ַӡŷ֮С
ţڰİΣߺ˵
Ȼ֪ߺڸʲôǣӴҲһʱˣߺûк֮ģһϵİҲû롣
ȥȻֽŽǸ˵УȻԸ˼䡣
ѵһ棬Ҳʼ˵ͷһ쵽
󣬱Զ˳ȥ
ߺ˵ͷһȥɵεǸ˭ô
ߺϵЦߺЦݣĽǺȻߺߣСֵܡֵܡ
Ľ˵ߺ˿⣬һȲæŹҽʲô鷳㽫еŴʳ֮УĽݿޣ
㾹ֱҹŹʵ۴ߺȻֱŹʵ۵֣˲䱩ŭˡ
һ֣ˣץ
ո˵꣬ˣĽǵߣһ񣺡Сү
˹ؽΣĽɫĵ
ڹŹĽЦ־һ㣬û˸ֱ֣ߺҲϰˣԲСķ˴
ǡЩ֮󣬸ͲܸߺʲôΪǶԸߺй
ߺȻ֪ԼˣǱץԲ
ЩֻǺ۷ߣûеߺԣߺǰһһ͸ĲʹӸߺɢķϯȥ
䡭
һȦҲűĵɳȥȻֵסߺһŵƣͱȺˡ
ǴθߺսʵӮúܽңͻʱΣϸߺǿ󣬰벽ȵܽܵġ
ЩȻûʱߺͣټϣʹиߺΣʱĸߺǵԱȽϵġ
ȪĽǿ˼£ʹͬΪĽߣߺҲҪǿ
һ߿Լ˼ҲǸߺĶ֣һһöɫıС
漴ȼȥ
һȭɫıըڿγɣ߿ʼ
гߣߺϲǽ¶һ˿΢Ц
Լˣ⣡
˵ţߺȻзŻʹ֮ڷжȥ
ں溰磬ȥˣˣ
ǣʱĸߺôýȥأ߶ʮһ洳ȥ
ոĽ˵ĻҲˣûӦǾѾˡ
ңߺһ֮ľȻҲͬЩһ㣬浹ɳȥ
󵨣㾹˽ʹأʱķһȺˣ͸һȺ۷ƵģߺΧˮйͨ
ߺ¶һ˿΢Ц£һɨҶһȦ͸ȾӸߺ򱬷ȥ
һ˲䣬һȦߣֻʣվǶǳߡ
ĲǷɵ߿գǱɨ浹ɳȥ

ĽߣҿĴˣ
ĽҲû뵽Լֻ˵ߺץѣû뵽ߺȻԷаȻʹ洳ȥ
еСӳˣСӳЩߣǿֱϼԼСүҲָӲǡ
˭Ȼôʹ֪һվ˵
ߺһЦǾֻվ˵𣿲ս
Խ˵ߺԽܣߺﱾͺöǰΪҪͻ֮Ľ֮ѹסˡ
ͻƵˣ鱾ңûôĹˣԶΪԼôıôɡ
ֻܿٵ֪ңڵΪϽĸ졣
ȻΪģʷϻû
ʶһ㣬˵ͻʦֶˣΪ˾磬ҪһɷǣΪΪ
ȥ룬ſԼ˼룬κζѹסԼ顣
ʷϣҲ͸ߺԼôɡΪ֪ҲҲһЩ˭Ҳûиߺô
ϣԽģԽ
ûΪǵǣͻĺѿ

ӣĵҲ̫ˣȻƣΪԼǳ߾޵㻹̫ˣ
ȻߺˣǴӸߺϣǸܵϢԲ²⣬ߺ䲢Ǻܴ
ߺû˫ֳȫȻٵԷȥ
䡭ͬӵһһȭӸߺбȥ
æ֧ߺһȭӡȥǻˣǰбš
һͬӦûıɣȻɹĵ˸ߺһȭĹҲܿƵ浹ɳȥ
䡭
ҽɽ֮Уһȭ֮⼸־塣
ʹǵְԣԲܹ
һϣ߽ߺΧеһߺȥ
ߺͬû˺üеЩȫУþȫ߬һš
ЩȻѹһţȻ󱻸ߺ˳ȥ
Щڸߺѹ֮ǰӵӴܰ˷ȥ
䡭
಻ڶܿ죬Щ߱㶼Ƕɽ֮С
ߺɫȻôǰȥеսȴԽԽŨû֮
ѾҾ磬ηֻսıģսˡ
սҲпǣһԼĽΣ˵ˡ
˵ΣһģڹŹС
˵ǽȥףѡ
ߺûɵֵزץȥǾĳˡ


443 Χ
ǶɽЩ߲ûзͬʱóһö౬ʱĳ౬ǷõˣϢ
ڵĳ౬Ͳܸߺκ˺һ˿˿
ˣǱٴˡзȥ
ǣûֹܹˣΪǳ౬ոձһ׵˾ͳڿС
ߺ˫һˣʦߡ
ףͷǺɫ磬ŵսѥ߲ơûС
гһȻĿŸߺʮֵ䵭ҹŹʹߣ
ߺϵͷʲôϵ
ߺ£Ҳ˵ôһ仰ҵʱǳа
ڣһʦ˵Ȼӵİȴߺ˼⣬ѵЩ˾ûʲô´
ˣݵһãǹŹһӥڡ
˵ӥڵѾɳһ׶ˣʦ۷壬ֻҪͻʦ۷壬ǺӾĳǿߡ
˵֮еľоԵ
ӥǰĽǵɫҲ࣬ոֻҪѵһ¸ߺûĽؽΡ
ϾߺոֱĽݿ޵֣ȷǲԵġ
ǣû뵽Ȼӥ˳
ߺʮֵĲ죺ʦ۷壬ȻǳˣҲֵң㽻ĽݿޣȻǴһ
ߺһ죬ĽЦдǷžͬһԷȥ
ӥڿûп־ţһύµģǣôʹ뱻Ρǹء
ߺ˫һУǲȥأ
ɲˣӥ죡ӥûйķϻһȥڰУǵӥģ
ߺٵķȥߺһҲУ˫һն
䡭
ߺѪɫԷӥײһ𣬸ߺĵȻԷĵûɵӥץסˣ˫צһ㻯Ƭ
ֻӥߺθߺ֪ˣԷһвô򵥵ġ
ٶ㣬Ѿûʱˣǵļ죬һ˲˸ߺǰ
ûа취֮£ߺֻ÷
ܱԼʧȥҪöˡ
ӲƴӲߺĽһûԷԿ
еͬһ֧֮һ㣬ŶԷȥԽԽ졣
ӥǳֻͷһ󣬾ͽУ˫צҲͬһ㣬ϵ˺
˵ףߺҲֻнױԷȴʦ磬ȻڶԷ˺֮£Ŀʼƣ󣬸Ǳˡ
ǵƬĴɣĵƬͬӵһ㣬˷ȥɵߺǰߺһӣ㽫ĵƬˡ
ǣ̺ӥڵƾߺĽȻҲĵƬˡ
˿˿ѪӸߺ˿ڴ͸ߺк󷢡
㣬ܺãߺ˵
ӥһ仰ҲҪ˵ĿŸߺ㲻ˣǹԹԵĽ֮аɣƾǸı䲻ʲôģ
ߺЦɲһɣ
˵ţϵռ·סˣߺ˫֮â
ЩߣǱߺģЩˣ׷׵Ļɱ֮еϵȥ
ֱȫһƬɫ
ߺ֪ԼǽͲˣԷȻԼţĽݿ޿˽ġ
ߺϵԽԽʢֱϵƶ˺ֲҲˡ
һƬ磬硣
ӥҲʮֵĲ죬û뵽ߺȻüͷһ壺˼𣿡
ߺĵ˵ͷۣ·¡һ˫ͻƸߺ·ڿ֮С
ƬؿʼѩߺԼȫˣԷӥڲͬ
Ҳֻǳصߣӥȴǳ۷壬ڶԷбסߺѾˣôҲ׾
ߺڵӣһ
Ÿߺǿ󵽼ƣһжϢڻɣԼ۾ǲǳ⡣
ǸոǸСֵܣ
СֵܣԵһְݰ˰˵
֮Уûʲôֻ֣֮֮ΪǿνѧȺ󣬴Ϊʦ
ߺȻСΪ˵֪Ǽ֣ͲǿԱġ
ãСӣ㲻ǿΣҲҪķڷӥ˵ţϱǿϢ
ߺһȣȻǰ壬ɰ壬ߺֱ޷
ĵĴ϶ߺѩڰоͱЩ롣
ѾϵİƣȻǳ쵶˺üݣڿƮ
ߺһԼڽˣǴֻɽ֮壬ͲԼ
ΣԷɵ֮壬ҺʱͻƵɵһ֣ߺûˡ
ɰ壬ĳɰһˮ룬뵽ĳɰ֮ʵᷢ츲صı仯
ڣ粻Ǻˣǳŵ뺮硣
ߺĺĺڶԷĵǰ·Ƕһ㣬иɺüݣߺ϶˺ۡ
ɣӥڿ͵һЩ·ܵʲôǣһ㣬׷ױһֻֻӥڿвϵ
ߺʾȻԼذɣǻҪսȥһ¡

ߺĶͷ֮ϺȻ˵ֻۣе֮ͫѩ״
ֻεѩȴ֮ǰĲ֪С٣ңвϵƮ
ߺ·𿴵ЩɵӥУవĵطЩطЩӥ㡣
кȻͷųĺеӥ۶ȥ
ֻһ˲䣬ͽЩӥӥһǸߺȴôֹۣΪˣĲþӥϾȻôá
ȻЩطЩӥڵ㣬ǣԷʵ̫ǿˣԸߺ˵رǿ
ԣӥϵĺȻʼѣȻٶȷǳǣøߺ
þ
ߺʩչ˲þУһѩ״ĺâӸߺ֮мӥڷȥ
ڣӥȫĺûȫѵʱǵâӥڵĻ꺣֮С
ӥڻһִˣУȥһҳȥģ֮У
ߺ뵽⣬Ҳȥǣӥڲͬڣ壬ԷֿӦߺĺþ
ټϸߺ뿪ܵĺȻû˸ߺ֧֣ԣһ֮ͽߺһиƵˣߺ׷ȥ
ӥڵٶ˿ȸߺٶ֮ôһ˿˿Ȼֻһ˿˿㹻׷ϸߺˡ


444 
Сӣ㻹ǹԹԵĽȥɣӥں׷ᣬߺǰ
㵱ɵԶûгӣߺź˵ٶȴӿ˼֡
ӥڵٶԽԽ죬ҲԽԽӸߺߺ֮£ٴʩչһκþ
ӥȻ⵽ȻߺǰУǣոշɳһξ룬ͣˡ
ǰվһŰµӣıϴЦ⣬ȡ
ӥڼ˲׷ˣʱߺѾԱˣ⣬ߺһ¶
ԼȻŲ··ߣԼȥˡ
ӥڣܾòˣǸϵ˵
ӥڿˣû˸ոյ侲ɫĿǰǸӣӰĪԣô㣡
﷢һЩ飬ģĪеڶ
ߺȴΪˣ˵ԶԼе⡣
ôһʹأҪ֮ȥԶߺܹоĪԶԼе⣬ӥڵȻҲܸо˵
²ԸˣĪһʧС
ӥҲԽԽߺ󼱣˦һźӥֶȥ
ռ
ߺĿռΪҲ뵱Ȼˡ
סӥܵĿռ䣬Ǿһʱ䣬Էƿ˸ߺĿռһֻӥߺ
ӰĪԣҲߺߺ֮ͷųһѩ״ĺâ
þ
û뵽ԷзϺȻ֧һ͸ķ֡
ǵַ·̺ž޴ߺѩ״Ĳþǰʱ򣬾Ȼû͸͸ķ֣Ǳ
ߺͫһ㣺ʲô
þ򵽶Է͸ϵʱ򣬸ߺԵĴܵһǿ
Ƿ·ܽԼѹƬߺеֹ
ӥҲһ㶣ʶʲôɫ䣺ǲߵһ֣ȻҲˣ
ߺԷ뽫ߺأǲøߺŸԼ˵Щʲôˣ֤ߺݵȷҪ
ߺǷŵоʮֵ졣
ʱѾˣֻӥѾߺǰˣϺݺݵĺȥ
ߺı˲Լǰסֻӥһ
ǣҲʹֻӥĶ΢΢һ٣ûеԷ
ߺһ֣һǽУֹֻסֻӥȥƣֻܵӥ

ߺϵʩչһΣֻӥȫĥˡ
ӰĪԵٶҲǲʱ䣬Ҳߺߣڸߺ˵ߺڰ֮УҵĶӣɱͱΪۣ֮
ߺһ㶣ߵڡ
ӰĪԽãԼ飬Ҳڸġ
ڸߺѾʩչĴβþˣټ֮ǰսÿһζǺľԼȫһޱȵˡ
ûʲô֮ӰĪһЦֻһߺ;һǿԼ֮ϡ
һɽһ㣬ѹԼϣߺѪѪһߣŸߺббȥ
ӥһǸߺͷĻԼονΪŰˡ
Ҳһߺȥ
ǣɵһľ룬ͱӰڵˣ΢ЦĶӥ˵ӥ֣ܾδˣǲΣ
ӥɱһÿ
ôǿӲ˵׵һȻΪҵĶ֣ǣҵ飬Ҳ֮ǧ֮Ⱑ
ԷੲݣӥΣҲֻþеĵһȥһֻ޴ӥĵз˳ŶĪԷȥ
ĪҲʾһֻȫʧһϷ˹
䡭
˲ϵıըһĿռ䶶￪ʼӿ
ǿײʹõըһӣɲ⡣
֮ĶŲܣٶսȥǣˣʲôҪĻǾͲôˡ
֮һֻ״ˡ
ߺոսӴͱ֮ȫսȥˡ
Ҫ˽ȥˣӥҲٳֻ֣ĿĪԣ㣬ãܺá
ҲĪװĹһ΢ЦŶӥ˵
ǹŹĹȥӥڶĪԵװɵ㣬û˵ʲôǵ˵
ĪԵ˵ӥڲǻʹһʲôʱĳˣ
ߡӥڽеĵ˫֮нıޣ
Īʮֵ˽ӥڣ֪ڵӥˣԼεĿĴˣûбҪԷһս
֮ˣųɾŶҪһɣǿߣоԵǿߡ
һ㣬ϡ
Ǿǲ𾳽Ĳߣֻǣſ֮֮г
ðɣȻֵһе⣬߱ǣĪﳤȥ
ӥڿ˿еţɫȻŤˣȻЦүţãɱˣ
˵ţĿһ֮̾һϧ֮УûĿˣ
˵ͷҲصʹȥǿɬ
жһˣȻĻľʹˣ
·ʹſڵʱÿĽǰվţԱ߻ݡ
һӣ˾ͬëһ㣬ɽУӥڴǶˣʹȥ
ҽĽеõУĽǲ˵ʲô
λӥȻĽݼˣȴĽݼĪԨԴĽݿ޵ĽֵܣĽݿΪεˡ
һ·ϣѯһ˵ȻֻΪ˽ѵһ¸ߺѣɴŭ˵
ǿֿƣʹߺҲŽѵοֻǽһֶѣҿǻˣ
ӥүүҪҰ
ɣ鲢ôļ򵥣ʱ򿴿˵ɣ˵꣬ӥ廯һǣʧʡ
ԱΣոսʶһλֵܣˣӥ˵Ǳлġ
λʦˣҪͻƳΪǺӾߣߺҲ̫ǿһɡ
ӥߣʵѾ޷ˣӰĪԣӥǾûа취׷ߺġ

ߺԼһɵĿռܵĹⶼǻɫģ̧ȥһжǻɫġ
ɫɫĺɫʯͷ
һкǻɫģգǻɫġ
ߺȻӦգԼǽ뵽֮ӦУľ
ߺΪ˻ҡҡͷȴûʲôı䡣


445 ֲ
ô򵥵ģߺ뵽һߺʼȪó
ոʦ۷սһʱ䣬ڸߺٵҪ걾ԴҲش
ʲôΣգֻܵˡ
㺮ӸߺϿʼðܶȥǣ֮У񲢲ǿȥô򵥵ģǺĵ򣬾ȻԲһֹͣˡ
εѹҿߺûȫȪ֮۱¶ȻĻЩʹǿҲֲȪ֮۵
ЩǳǿˣΧʼߺѹȥҶлȪĺȻĻߺҪָԼ걾Դ²ô򵥡
ʹߺɾãܵĺȫԱߵĲ֪ˣԼָĺѾٵĿˡ
ȻˣߺţߺɲΪǿѨ磬ȻҴûдӳģͱض֮
θߺָõʱȽ϶࣬˰ʱ䣬ŽԼ޸ȫˡ
ңٳ߸ͷһȻﵽ˳۷ľ磬֮ǰҲЩ
ֻ˿ϧǰ壬ߺİɣ֮ǰȣû˿
ߺվȪջأһ屬ĴĺʼĻɺߺ
ſڣЩ뵽ĿУߺ߲ܣȫ뵽ڣڵ۷״̬״̬
ǣЩոʧһǿļѹ֮˷ŸߺϵļѹŸߺ塣
ߺ;Լˮǧ׵ϣĴɽ強ѹ
Լеֿſúһ㣬ߺҪԼʱȴȻ֣ܵٵĿ˵ǼûС
ߺһһ˵صĻ֧ܿͻȫĴʱΪͻ᲻ˡ
ߺһܣһƬҳģԼոսʱ򿴵ĳԼ۾ûл
Щɫʲ֪ʲôˣǼѹ֮ЩɫԼѹɵġ
Ȼ֪Щɫʵʲôǣֶһзǳǿ
ߺǵ˼ȫɢˣӦܹؼ磬ƯڰеģǣȻǳĴԼȻûа취ء
Ҫû뵽Ҳǳѣ֮ǰ棬Ƕٶȡ
Լݺݵϻȥ
䡭
һըһף׵ӳڸߺǰ
棬ߺһȭ˵һӣǿռҲܻǣĿռǻɫʵĴڣȻ쳣ļ̡
ңЩɫʾȻܹȡͳͳ߲ܣߺҪ
ȡܹôѹ
ߺͬǣЩȻܹȡֻܹЩֽ⣬񲢲׳ʵ
ңߺȪĺȻܹգǵոߺЩɫʣˡ

ߺһΣڱ˵һЩܹջȪв䡣
ֻô֮ǰЩ˶ȥأ
ߺһ죬ѵЩ˶ˣЩ̫ܰɡ
ûȸߺ꣬;ãԼ
ûеӦм˿ٵ˵أߺڵĸоҲʮֵĲȻֻܸܵʮҵĲ
Щߺǰʱ򣬸ߺڿŵģ
ڣͷɢˣϵ඼ˣȴ˿⣬˫۾ĿŸߺ
磬ˣǵҲùһЩˣһЦ
Ǹˣûʲô֣˫̰ĿŸߺȷˣֻг˾ΪȴŻķΣҿû˿
Сӣ·ȫдָǸû˵˵˵
԰ôôϤߺ뵽ڤ֮УֻĥĳڸߺԺ֣ߺһ¡
˿ˣΪߺأһСӣȽʯȫȻĻȻڷ
ߺӦһ£Է˾Ȼг۷ΪԼӥӰĪԵľ硣
ֻߺǽ¶һ˿΢Цˣȴ٣ǲö𣿡
ߺĵ٩ԷȻǱ˵ʹֵǣСӳǵձһССĵ˼ߣȻֵǰӢۣ
ǲɣͬʱһ
ǹڸߺǳЩɫӰǵķС
ߺЩֻһЦЩҲֻڵǵѾ˻һ̶ֳˡ
Ҳǣûйյôһֱ۷أûѾǲеˡ
ߺȫۺеĲ֮屬һӣһŵĺߺ档

ЩںϣȻûжԺ飬ֻǽ֮ôǿ
ݲƽǣߺٴͷЩݲƽĺٴˣС̡
ЩСѸٵģʮɳĺ޴̣ѾǼˡ
棬ߺĺܹɳǣ棬ܹʮɳѾǼˡ
ı̲棬ӴҵĽ
ߺһ֣ǾʧˣǰҲչڸߺǰ
ֻ˲ûֻ˵ˡ
ЩɫʾǶһ˳Ÿߺ˿ڣǵ֮ڳȥ
˷ĴУܵϿ̷һǵѾû˵ɫˣɫ
ٹһǵϾȻҲֳɫǵѪ⿪ʼήȥήľһ㡣
ϲһ˿⣬ֳõ״ûˣ˫۴˽ȥ
ߺȫһ£Щɫʷ·¾綾
ߺ뵽ʲôһһ˵ߣеĺ뵽Ǹ˵֮УȻ潥Ķᡣ
һ֣ĺ۳ǣЩ͸ɫɫ
˵ĽҲٻһЩ˵лл㡭
ߺ¶һ˿аЦ
ϵһ̴͸壬һ֣Щʧ֮еĻɫٴν뵽壬ٴʹĺ
㡭û˵꣬ȫֻʣһƤˣƤͷ


446 
Ǻոջǻأֻʣǣ֮еĻɫʵʲôĴڣȻô
Ҫǣ˵궼ûӳһˣֲġ
֮ûĴڣЩɫʶ˺
ߺȴôĵģԼԴڻȪȪۣ֮ЩɫʺѹƵá
ߺãӦԼ֮лȪԣԲɵġ
֮еĻɫʣӦһֶ˺ʣ˵ߺҲࡣ
ֻЩɫûԼǿѣӴԼܹƻɫʡ
Ǽ˵Ŀռָù˿ߺֻʣ´Ľҩģʯʲôľ͸˵ˣһ·ûС
СⰡ⽫ЩǮȡ˳Щռָ
ڸߺõĿռָн׵ģݶǺܵͣǳߣԽָĵȼҲǺܵ͡
ռ䶼зԲʮС㹻ߺԼĶˡ
ԣߺʯʲôģһöоõĿռָ
ɶѵĿռָߺЩˣЩ򸽽߻ǸУռָɶѡ
ڶԸߺöռָ㹻ˣôöȫûбҪ
һöǷûȪ֮۵ģһöûȪģһöǵ֮һöǷøߺЩ
ߺ㣬ԼеĴָȻصѩ֮󣬳н׽ָȫԼĸףԼûжô
ڸߺȻоǴεõȪ֮۵ǸǺܽңҲǼ˵ˣϧҲ֮ϡ
ʰһ£̾һ֮УǶࡣ
ûʯǻָΨһ취ˣʯһö

֪ƬããĿռ֮У˶೤ʱ䣬ߺӦһˣǰȻһ
ûǳܽɵĳ
ߺϲ񣺡֮ס˻Ĳ٣Ȼ˳򣬲֪ʵ
ߺٶȼٵķУٵǸȥ
ߺʱ򣬷һѩĳһ㣬͸ɫȻǴԶ
Щߴ󲿷ֶǳߣȻûһߡ
ᵽǹؽٳûкߣߺҲ֪ϻʯ϶ˣ֮ͱ˼ɱˣȻﻹлĻᡣ
˵Ҳһ¾˵Ͼеĺ˵Ľ䵽ԱߣлŵĿأ
ߺ뷨ȻǴˣ뵽֮󣬽ʯ
棬ߺ֣Ȼֻˣ˶ǳߣûһߡ
µĹɳһߵģĻᶼûС
ߺոսʱ򣬾в˶Ͼߺ̫ˡ
񲯣ȫǳеĴ֤һ飬ߺʵǿߣǴġ
֮оȻйٵĳߣкܶ۷ߣߺֵ˼߶١
һƼݣеѾĵĲˡ
ߺոս߶˸ߺȵߺнһСӵʱ
Сӣǲǣ㱣ѰɣǻᱣģȻ֮з飬ɾͲǿԤϵˣ
һ˵Ϊʦ۷壬벽Ǻӵĵز
ңҪڳǿʢܶ࣬ĵġ
ΪǳԶ𣿡ߺ˵һ˿仯ûС
һǵȵĲͷˣŭСӣٷϻϿ콫еĴָң
ߺ룬˶ӣԼʾһʵԷ϶ŹԼġ
ߺ¶һ˿аЦҲãǵɱӺļɣ
˵
û˵꣬ߺͿʼˣϵӿһ̳УŸߺŶԷȥ
ٶȿ쵽˼£һ˲һ˵ߡ
˷ӦҲǼ죬ûϵߺȻҳ֣ԻЩѸٵһ
ߺĺ̵棬ǿڶϣɢһȦȦ͸Ĳ
Ҳˣȴû˵Է
һߵ˿ߺ֣֪Լʾһ鲻еô˳
Сɣ˵ţһȻһ˳ǹݺݵߺȥ
ǹâӳǹϱԲʮɶΧŴ˵ĳǹߺ۾һ֪²ô˵ġ
˾Ȼߣ棬Ȼǿ߸ӵǿ
ֻǵڵ۷壬Ҵ˵ĸвϵĴ๾Ľߺ²⣬ӦǺܾûгԹˡ
˵ʯߵԴôʳߵԴ
ǿߺߣӦûôʳ﹩ʳãһʼҪʯ
ҲֻʯܲԼ岻ô
Ķ󣬸ߺɲʲôӡ
ŭ֮
ߺ˫һʩչŭ֮ڸߺϱĺѸٵĽ˶
Ǹǹʩչǹâһû˹
ߺɲǣҪԼߺԼԴ
ոձˣʩչʴ֮һɹɺ뵽ŭ֮ȥʴ֮ǵ·ˡ
һ·Сӣ㾹ҡǣû꣬ߺĸʴ֮Ѿ֮ϵȫһɾ
˶ߣߺķ֮ǵûʲôá
˷Ӧþȫʼߺŭ֮ϵĳѺֻۣʣ°ɫİˡ
ٴεγɺ˷ӡ
ϵ飬Ҳϵٴαӡʮ֮󣬸ߺİˡ
˳ĳˣ˫ŭ쿴Ÿߺ
ߺһߵĳ㲡ҪԭͻȻ˵ֻۣһѩ״Ĺâȥ
þ
ѩ״Ĺ˵ѸٵĽ뵽ǵԺ֮С
ߺûкþ֮еĺΪʹҲûõģ˵̫ǿˣߺ֮ۼʹ㣬ǣڸߺ㴦ķȻǼ᲻ɴݡ
ǵ㣬ߣǿļ١
ߺǵոս뵽ǵĻ꺣ǿֲ˻ϵִأǸоԼ϶ľˡ
ľĴʹ·궼Լˣϣ겻ԼģٿԼʹȻǲܵģǾܷġ


447 
ߺĲþȻǱϾԷ۷ߣҲѾɹˡ
Ȼûôǿ󣬵ƾǿİ壬һߺĲþˡ
ǵ̫ˣҲˡ
һۣ˵ͷתͷܣһ̵ʧڸߺǰ
֪ߺԼ˵Ķ֣ôȥ˵ܵĥ˺ʱһ֣һоܽˡ
ˣʣµҲֻõ
ԣ˺ԥˡ
ߺŽнԶˣû׷ϣ˵ĵطնԼȻܹɱһˣǲֵõġ
̫󣬵ʱʲôģԼͱסԼˡ
Ҫ֪ȫǸ֣ǸֵͱɱˣĻܻ죿
ߺת˳ȥȺۼĵطȥҪúϢǾȥȺĵط
򲻴˵ǳ򣬸СׯкܶӣֵǣûлɫʵĴڡ
Ҳ΢΢ôһЩȻԼʱסԼĿǰΪѾˡ
ǣЩ棬סŵĶǸߺ
ߺڿһӵʱԵĸоǿĴڣǱʦߵĴڣǺӾ簡
ǺӾ˵϶ˣǵʵһ֮УоԵʵ
ǣеҲûǿϢǣߺȴиоƵĴڡ
ߺһʱ֮£֮͸Ƿ濴ȥźܶߣŮߡ
ȫòӢò˰ű߻֮òŮŮ
ⲻ󣬿ЩǿǵŮūг衣
Ҳ棬һԼͿԱסԼΪ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
Ǵ󲿷УһˣǸߺԵֿġ
Ƕ۷ʦߣһû½֣ôǸߺԵֿ˵ģ
Щ˸ߺû̫⣬ֻһЩʧˣΪʧҵˣͻ׶ΣӦǿ˲ǡ
ߺϵڴϣػغüˡ
ߺЩ׵ǣԼ׵·ϣȻմ˻ɫʣЩڸʴߺ·
˲ǲ뱣·Щɫ֡
ЩɫʵʲôߺЩˣȻǿֵزߺ޷
ԶԸߺûʲô̫ãߺ΢΢һ㺮ڸߺۡ
ЩɫϸߺĺèһµҪЩŵĶӡ
ߺ·ôƽıˣһһʱ䣬ͻῪʼ𻵡
ߵʱ򣬸ߺҲõһЩϢԭĵʮ㣬ûкߣǺ߶ʮ㡣
֮һһٲ㣬ǰʮ㶼ǹ˾סĵطȻлɫʣûǰʮա
һصأӦľסһأʮЩˡ
ûȷһסģǣȴ׷׶ǳϾסĵط
ʮ㵽ʮ㣬ȥסǣҪʵֽ׶ΣȻĻͻᱻɱġ
ʮһ㵽һٲ㣬ʮǹЩսõġ
ֻеһٲ㣬гȥĿܣ˵ǿߣѾʮˣʱ޿̲ųȥ
ЩͽˣȻлһǿߣǴӣȻʯ
һ׼֮󣬾ȥ洳
һЩǿߣǴģʱ˺ۣҿǵǹǵֿЩɫʣǷӦˣ˵ָʵսˡ
ǹ֮д棬һЩǿߵϣ
㻨˼ʯ֪ôȥһΣߺ뿪
ɲԸЩһﳣŵߺ֪ôȥǰ취ǸϿȥ
Լûôʱȴ滹кܶԼȥء
˵ȵʱԽԽΣա
ߺ׼һȥռ䱾ͲǺܴԣܿߺҵЩ˵ĵطҷɱȥ
ڸߺǰһƬںĴڣһ͵Ĵš
ߺִЩɫʣȻоԼ־Ǳһ㣬ޱȵʹ嶼Ŷ
þȫһȭԼֲŴӺɫߺоԼȫĹͷɢһ㣬޷סԼˡ
ߺȻӽָ֮óٿʯ
ԼСʱ֮󣬸ߺŸоԼ΢΢һЩЩʯͷɵû뵽ЩʾȻôǿ
Ǹߺʼδ飬ΪǺɫʾͻɫʲһҲǲܹգ˿ڵ˺
ȴû뵽ֻҪЩɫʾͻᱻҹ֮ǿ޷
ߺ궼ܵ΢Ĵʹҿߺǿ󣬲Ȼһ£ͿԼȫĻɢʧϡ
Щɫȫߺи̾ſȥ
ǵʮɵĸ߶ȣÿһȶɿɫģһ
ûκεװΣôͺͺȣǱ̶ںɫϵһ
ߺ˫ִϣоһ뵽Լ壬ոձ˵ʣһ˿˺޸ˡ
ǣûʲôô
ߺоԼ֮У·һڼٵŵҲ֮¼ٵıΪɫ͸ɫת⡣
ڸߺĸӦ˵ѾЩˣʱԼʲô飬Լ֪
ЩԼ֮еıȥģȫ뵽֮ڣʧˡ
ߺΣԼѾǳˣǵԼҲûŪԼ֮ڵö鵽ʲô
ÿߺҪʱöһ㣬Լĵ֮ҴԼʹ
ԣߺǵĲöˡ
ߺعʱǰŲٷˣǱͨľͷ̺Ȼߺȫսȥˡ
ߺзſɬԺŵ˲֪ôԼأ
̾һߺƿţչڸߺǰǳ¥ݡ
ɫ֯ɵ¥ݣŵĶһɫľʶɵġ
ߺһȥ¥еɫȪӿһ뵽ߺ֮У뵽ߺı֮ڡ
ߺȴûа취ֹֻһ߿Цţһȥ
֪ôأںģʲôˡ
ߺ֪Щľ嶼֦֮ɵģŴܸ֮ˣΪʲôЩߺĸ㲻ˡ
ɫϢ˼Ҳ˵ȻǸߺ뷨


448 ʮ
ߺߣ·üţЩŶɫģĶʮ࣬ߺҲûȥ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ߺǰڳһţŲɫˣǴɱ¾Ѫˡ
ŶѪɫģһۿȥˢѪһ㡣
ϣֱһֻͷͷ˫֮ǺɫģǣȴֱһС
ʮֵأǵҲǽ
Ϊ˵ǵȴŽһ״ͷǽ⣬ǵ⡣
ǣ˵ǽȴֻһУһߵһǶ۵ģ˵ģóȥɱɱ
ߺΪȻãǶУ˵ĸо˺ҪһЩߺоΣ
⵽ʲôУߺɻ󣬵ȴûȥֵıС
ˣǱ֮һãűеıûѪۣǾ֤һ⡣
˺пյ֮󣬲ȥģһǿߡ
Ϊʲô˵ȥǿأΪطͲгµ߹߹Ķ١
ֻжԼʵ൱ĵˣпܹ
ʮ㵽ʮһһɣн룬ֻҪһţͿʮ㵽ʮĽ롣
߱˵ˣǴӵʮ㣬ڴܹҲˡ
˵ٶǳߣŴصģһԼ۷״̬
ߺСģ֤ԼֲȥͷԼҲ˺ƶš
֨ѽѽ
Ϻûʲôߺ׾ͽ֮ƿˣǰľȴߺȣΪǰʲôһأķ䡣
һԼһǧƽ׵Ŀռ䣬ĴǺڰģżյƣм䣬һֻõ˯
һػ𣿡ߺľͷɢǿľ
ߺոƿţ;ͷЦſǱıпʼԼ
һæǰһܣǱУҲ˽ȥˡ
ߺһɬǷֹƿŶȥҺãԼҲûдȥ
ߺո̤мػ޾˹۾ĿŸߺУ׹⡣
һصľ磡ߺи̾ʨӲãȫ
ΪС˶ԷЩֵˡ
ߺϵƿʼϴԼϽ֣ԼĽû֮ǰǿˡ
ǰսʱʩչϽʱʮֵǿ󣬵ǣϴζսڵʱʩչȴоԼĽеС˺ܶࡣ
·Լ֮еϽʧһɶ֮ǰһ˿ƣʧӰ١
Ȼߺ⵽ΪʲôǶڵ˵Ǻˡ
ûϽоԼΪˡ
໡
ֻ޿ûиߺôʱ˼һһ󲨶˲ߺǰ
ֻõһߺˣֻһֻǣ˵һ޵ĻӰҲ˵
ֻ޵ıģߺֻ֪Ҫֻߺǳɹˡ
û˿ԥߺҲһĳȥ屬һ˦
һԲεıǽֻУߺ׵ıĸϸСĴ̿ʼٵһߺ޵Ĳҽ
ߺȥʱѾһ
ߺмǸطȥҪѰһ£ȥ
ողոſŵĵطߺ;ãһϢոֻ޵ĻӰͬ
ǣǵǹߺߺĽ³ȥߺϷȥ
һһɴСԲӣȻ򿪣ߺôȥ
ڶһͬǺɫĴڸߺԶһֻõȴš
ֻֻõģֻ޴СϢ״ȫһģһġ
ʵһ㣬ȴ˺ܶ࣬ߺˣ̧ͷŸߺ
ϴһߺֻһоͽ֮ˡ
ʮ㣬˳أʮ㣬һ۷壬ֻһС
ʮĲ㣬أһб𣬡
ߺѾ˵ʮŲ㣬ʮ㿪ʼͿʼһֻõˣֻԼǳصޡ
ʹóŭ֮֮ʴ֮ŽǿסȻַһЩ֮
ΣԷӵǿһֻʦ۷徳š
ͬǣֻȻǻ壬õĴڡ
ֻȴ֪ǰЩ޸߳١
ߺ֪Բûв׾սپһʩչþ
һѩ״ĹӸߺü䵽ֻ޵ϣֻȫʼѺۡ
ǣһֻ̣ϱǿƣӲĽߺĲþƳ⣬һƬѩ״ı֮Ʈ˳
ߺһ£һѩ״ı˻Ȼ󽥽ıߺա
ĵȻûȫָٻָһ㣬Ѿøߺˡ
ֻ޶ԸߺҵĹٶͬһߺҲǲϵĶܣú赲
ҲϵĶֻ޽вþֻܽþȳ˵þûá
ߺÿʩչһβþԷ͵һݣߺʩչεʱֻڿʼıᣬѣ˺üݡ
ߺ³һҿֻǻ壬ǻĻ¸ߺǵýԼ걾Դþ֮ܽþ
ʹߺϵѾʣ޼ˣԣûżһԭϢ
ڽָ֮óȪ飬ĺԻָ걾Դ
ôೡսߺϵսƣߣÿλָΪΪὥһ˿һ
ڣߺѾǳ۷壬ֻһͿˣҲͬ۷壬һͿԽˡ
˵Ϊ˫˫ͻƣǸߺʵֱһʵ˵ӥҲ䵽ĶӵĽ
ս֮ˡ
֮󣬸ߺʼոֻĵط߶ȥ
֮ǰһһƴӸߺ汬Ÿߺȥ
ǣĳȴͬˣȻҿߺۼֿ죬һ֣Щȫڸߺ֮⡣
ߺԭΪЩǵʮĻأǣЩ򵽸ߺĺϵʱ򣬸ߺȴ֪ˡ
ΪЩûκߺһ¾ͷȥߺҲٵĳڵʮϡ
ȥʮЩͬܶ͸ģԿĳǴ֮濴ȥǺڰʲô
ɢŸֱУոոߺĵطźܶಡ˶ѻǣոӦþЩ˰ɡ


449 һһ
ߺûЩУ˵ҪǰΣʮķʽı䣬ߺЩ
ʮĶЩԲͬȻҲʮˡ
ûκοջָĶҲҿߺԼֻȪ飬ͨʮм䣬ѾָܶˣҪȻֵܼܲʮ㻹ĺ˵
ֲЩߣʹԼ۷״̬ҲҴʮ֮أԭôѡ
ߺЩֵǣЩǺӾô洳ȥģ
Ȼ治ͬҲûдȥ·
ĿǰߺҪǵĲһ㣬ǣһǿյģûʲô޵Ĵڣ
һؿߺЩȷ뵽漴Լ뷨ȫǿЦġ
׻˵㲻㣬ʱȻһǿϢߺѹ
ɽ޴ڣǸܵǹƣߺЩľ
ȻߺôĴڣǿȷǣԷһǿǿףԼȻû֮⡣
ѲǺӾޣҲ٣ⲻǿЦ𣿡޳ܣߺһޣ
ߺô޶ûˣЩƼΪǿ󣬸ߺٲֿпܱѹ
ߺԼеʼǿĺƣϵĶԼܵơ
ǣЩԼĺƣͺһȻһ𣬵ԼĺôŬ᲻Щơ
Ȼ޷ϣǾʹ޷ͬߺҲûʲô취ˡ
ԽԽǿߺоԼĺڽСȻӲѹ
еڸߺΧߺ強ѹȥߺоԼͿ챻ѹˣ֮Уͷʹı
¸¸¡
Լȫ£ûһǲʹģмطʹرԼԹȥˡ
亹ӸߺͷϽ͸Ĳա
Ҳյѹʼѿشĸߺ̲ס³һѪѪʱܵƺȻʧӰ١
ߺĵڵϣڵĴϢȻ˫ۣӼԼ״
״ֱòˣԼǰ˵ľκһζҪ⡣
ǹͷȫٶͷȻвһٿйѵʮۣؽڴ󲿷ֶѾѾʡ
̶ܵͬȵļѹ˺⻹Ҫģľ֮УȻкܶĵط
תͨ꺣֮е꣬ܵشڵĸߺƽ֮һʵûС
һߣ׵ɱߺ
ߺĸ㲻ףһصҪôҲ˵һصع˭Ȼôǿ
ֻǿƣͽԼ׵شǸոջƣߺԿ϶ǣԼҪɥڴ˰ɡ
ȷǣ߾ʲôǺӳ׾ߡ
ǺӾȻһԼǾܵƾͽԼ׵ĻЩǺϼһǡ

ߺţȻдԣСӣȻЩϼһǴˣҲȤˡ
ߺȻһѲعˣ
æܿȥǣĳʲôûпеֻصıС
ߺε뵽ëҲ̫Ը˰ɣ
֪ߺ뷨ݺݵĵҲë˭ոˣҲҵְڣĻ˵ǹ˽ôذɣ
ߺˣ꣬û˵˽˵ô׳ģѲһûһ֮߳ģ
һôֱ׳˵죬һҲû
ߺǵĲˣеһܹ͸Լ˼ԼʲôԷܶϤһԼٺ˼ǹӡ
СһҺҼ֮УСģΪҲõһͿߣ֮Ĺ涨һŻݰɣ
ߺ⣬԰һЩŻݣܱûŻҪǿһЩ
ոΪǳذɣڹ涨һ֮ͻƵʦ磬ͽˣ
ߺ᣺Żôֱɱң
ӣΪã㲻ʦ磬ʹ棬ʵҲܿⴳҽˣԻصʮ㣡
Ҳ٣ͱ˵вУʲôŻݰ֪ڵʵʦ𣿻УҴҲΪҺˣˣǲǵøлҰ
ߺһʮ㣬ӦǱĹǺˣǣû뵽ԷֻЦֹ
ңûһ㣬ͽɱˣ
ߺոյŭʧˣԼǲе̫ˣ֪ԷǿĴڣƫƫôŭ
û뵽Ǹߺģ֮ػ֮飬Իᰴ֮Ĺ
¸ߺ΢΢ģԷȻܹ˽𣬵ǾԲΥĹ
ҵȻ֪ʵոͷƵʱѾ֪һǣ֪֮һһǶɣΪ֮е飬ҲΥǰʮһȻʮ㵽ʮ֮䣬ʮ֮ȻǺĿɶʦ۷ʵޣȷ
ߺãν֮֮飬˵Ļȷʮһˮ룬ǰ棬Ķǳ磬󣬵ʮŲ㣬ǿʦ۷ޡ
Ǻͬһ˵һǳ۷ʵޣԷʵǿ󣬶ֲǺԼĺȡʤ
ߺһ£˵ʼΪһʦ磬е̫ǿˣ
ǸҲʮֵΣʵҲǴպϣǣд棬ˣҸҲǷ˺ܶˣЩǺӾߣһ֮ڣ
ߺȵĺϲ£죬Ĳ˵֪ǺӾ֮ѣеǺӾߣʹ֮ǰͬߺȸߺӱˣҪһеĻѰ궼δسɹ
ȴ֮һ֮ڣɹȻǲ̫ܵġ
Ϊֹû˭ɹߺһڿˮʵ
Ǹһ˵ɹģûУȴ˴ʮȥΪҵʵ޷ֹһأҲȥġ
ߺĬˣ֮󣬻飺ʲô磬飬ʲô磿
Ȼʵε˵ĽޣǺӾɣ飬ޣǿ̫ˣ
Ĵ춼ߺȻʵ
ûĽףصġ졣
ߺɫĿû뵽֮飬ʵصģһĽ飬һ顣


450 ɰ
˶Ϊ֮У֮ûãǹѺĵط˭֪֮Уֻ˺ķ˴Ϊصڣϧ˲֪
ߺϸ룬ȷصĵȷֻ֮֮ǿ󣬼Ӵľ󣬸û̫ء
ɱ¾֮֮Уֻ֮ɱޣҲûʲôؿԡ
ֻ֮оȻػǱ֪һŵð
ʲôⶫϱĴ춼֮㹻һ춼ʵˡ
ĸޣһκˡ
ˣ˵Ҳˣ˵ȥֻʹ˷ʱ䣬ֻʣʮʮһʱ
ߺͷߣ˵ֻʣƫҪ˵Щʱܲܲ㰡
ǲܵģҲû£˭߶ţ
ȥ٣ٸ˵ˣ˵ţߺľͿʼڵϣĴ
ǣߺζͻԼĿǰľ磬ֻԽԽꡣ
ϾʱޣӳؾͻƵصľ磬м硣
Ȼ˵Լ۷ͻƵ˾ʱҲ˲һʱ䣬ͻȻԲŴﵽġ
ߺɲͻƲɹˣǶʮ㣬ȻԼںǣֵôͷ˵ʱĿ
ܶʼԼԶȥ
ң˵ǴˡʱԼ޸Լƾ͵ùһʱ䡣
뵽޸ߺȻ۾˵Ҵ˾ôôҲӦðҰ޸ðɣ
ǶԲ𣬲ҵְΧ֮ڣ˵꣬ǸĽּһ䣺Ҫ㣬ܵǽڣ
ߺԣܿȥֻЩ͸ǽھȻʼƶм䡣
һ֮ڹ˹أǸʱЩǽҲǡǡĺϣͻᡭΪãȻٱЩǽѹɷĩǰ䣬һὫˣϵųɵΪ
Ҳ٣㲻˵ôĳɷϵųɵΪˣ
ߺŭſк
⻹ΪѾصˣѲҷϵеΪ
ߺȻˣǰ׳գǾԽģԼǾķɡ
һǹֲЩǺӾԴȥ֮󣬽뵽Լķ֮УͱչزأԭǱϵΪˡ
ôһʵĻϵĶ϶Щʦ߹Ϸָɾѱ
ݡߺݺݵ˵һ䣬տڲһ죬ĥҲñ
ڸߺҪǻָԼƣֻнƻָˣܹĵ
ҪָƣٶȻǲˣңڵʱֻһ꣬һʱָƣͻΪǲеġ
ԣߺ㣬Լڵ޸ˣȻͷǿʱ޸
Լ޸ͷʱͻԼľͺˡ
뵽ߺ˿ûˮóȪԼǰ֮еʼתȫë״򿪣ǰȪͷųĺ
Ӱе޺ȻһȻʼעߺȻǣʥϢСôеģңӣȻܹĶֲҸովʮֵϤ̲ס˼أ
ҲǫˣǼ䣿ȫǻ˼
ûʥϢڴ֮Уֹһθܵˣû뵽мʱҰ
УȻܹʥϢʹΥҲҪһˣ˵ţԼ侹кڵ
ңҸոճ̫أ˵ʥܹͻһأ˵꣬Ͽյ޵̵Ĵ򿪣һֻ۾
ߺ֮ǰսһģһȫѩ׵ëͬʨӣȴûʨôϣߺ۾ͻ֣ᷢԷСȻмơ
޿˿ߺǰöɫ飬˫۾Ȼᣬš
ûʥֻֻеһöȪͼ룬Ȼɢǿĺ
ǺȻȸߺĻҪֻвûиߺ֣˺ǳֻرĺ䡣
ĺͬһ㣬ӿߺ֮гȥ
ߺ֮еĺ㹻޸ˣ֮е˺Ļָɺͬһ㣬Ÿߺľ
֮еƻָٶȻӿ˺üٶȣߺЩ죬Щı̶ȣȻԼĺֻ߲͡
ߺоǳıˬʣͬ콫ʮ¶ȣȻһֻʮȵĿյһ㡣
ߺƣۿɼٶȿʼָ˺ҲͻȻָˡ
⵽ô£ߺ˰죬ҲûһȻɴֱӷˡ
ǻָˣֻ֪ȴΪܵ˳ͷ
ոսǵٴιرյʱһƻͻȻ˲ͻֻ޵塣
̲סѪֻһңԶ˵ڸʲôй涨ֻϰߣֱӰѲѾ˲𣿡
ֻû˵ѩ׵ϣһëѾʼ΢ˣǵɫɵġ
סְ𣬲ȻҲ㣬֮֮˵꣬Ǹ㲻˵ˡ
ֻǺ޺޵ĿһϷȻ̾һϧҵԳΪ֮һȻĻͿ԰ˣ֪ǲҪȴ֮ˣǲǵ
ߺûʱô࣬ڼҪͻڵľ硣
ѾˣȻҪͻڵľ磬ͻʮ㣬ȻĻһʱﲻͻᱻϵųɵΪ
ʱһһĹȥˣһˣߺΪȴûͻƣһ˿ûС
Ѿһƿ۷塣
ֻͻƳ۷壬ſԽȪĺͻơ
Ȼ޷ͻΪߺʹӰ֡
壬Ҳ˵֮ص⾳Ľ
˵⾳Сӣôꡣ
⾳ǸڱϣȭͷȣſԽ⾳ӵ¡
岻ͬ屾һʽͶ֮䶼к֮ܡ
ߺԱ򣬿˵ﵽһּ£ǣƬƬͻƲɰ壬Ͼɰ˵ʦˡ
ô׾ͿͻƣǷԵ̫ƽˡ
ߺвϵĲ֮壬жԱҲڽߣҲ
̵ˮˮᣬħϳɷ𣬷ϳħĶһµʱ򣬾ͻһ·չ
԰˵ˮĻôµ֮Ǹǿ
ߺϵƺȻٵǿߺ˫кѩ¡
ɰ塪


451 ɲǹ⻪ؽ
ߺȻ˫ۣȻһһн۷ƾնȻѸٵߺ
ߺֻһӣָ֮䱬һ⣬ǺޱȵĴۣʮˡ
ɲǹ⻪
Ȧɫзȥн׶ͬһ㣬ߺɲǹ⻪г롣
ؽ׹ˣߺ˵
ɲǹ⻪ǸߺĵУУһɰʹɾ֮ҲǸߺĵڶС
һǸߺʴ֮ŭ֮һ𣬳ɾµ
Ǹߺͻɰ֮󣬲ŽоۼһģȻֲ˸ߺ֮
кϳɣɾ˸ߺĵһаҲ˵ؽ׹ĵһУ
飬ɲǹ⻪ڳɾһؽ׹ߺɫȻǣⲿؽ׹ĿǰΪֹȴֻʺһˡ
ΪģжǽڴлȪ֮ĻϣϿֻиߺջȪ֮۵ĺ
ߺʩչɲǹ⻪ͬʱ˵ҲˣŸߺɲǹ⻪Ϣȷߺһǧһֱȴˡ
ȻûܹȪ֮۵Ϣǣڴ֮Уĸо˻ȪͼϢָоӡУһӶ
һʱڵˣǵţɳһĵزһǸģ
ޱȼŭǳǧѹ֣ū֮ĵ׵ͷš
ߺȴûܸͣо룬Ĵڶо
УҪʹֻҪǣ
꣬㽥ı˫ۣһҲѸߺʲôˣֻֻı֮еıգնȥ
ҫɣǿʢȫˣţֻȻ˳˯
֮֮ϣһֻðźɫޡ
״һߣԭغ˯
˯һɲǣ˫ȻĻðǲǧ׵ĿռһɲǾ͵ȼ˺ɫĻ档
·ռ䶼ǻĿռ䣬ֲ֮ϣ¶Цݣû뵽ķԼְ𣬾ȻԼ˵ʮ㣬֮ӴԺ󣬱㲻ٽ֮֮ˣ
˵ţ˫֮һâ֮棬Ȼȼܺڻ𣬵ǿ֮ǧ׵һжΪҽֻʣһðźɫ
ʣû뵽ɣڻҵУֻҪǼһȳĺ
ߺ֪Դֻ˯֮֮Ȼ֮
Ķʮ㣬Ҳȼܺڻ𣬽Щ޸֮ȫЩƹصк߾Ҳ׷
֮УһƬ˼˵ʮ֮⣬ȫܺڻ
ʮ֮µӰҲͳͳʧˣȫǺɫĻȼյһɶ
ڵڶʮһĵذ棬Ȼһֻ޴˳ʲô飬ΪʲôҪɱǣ
ţûе˵ʲôػͽΧˣǿơ
ܵ޵ƣȻǺӾľ硣
ҪЩϨ𣬵ǣЩͬʱƹ֮ޣֱֻ֮ȼյֻʣһѺɫĹͷ
ʮ֮ϵޣȻҲΪҽ֮ĶȴǾֻ޵ĺɫ档
ЩǺӾߣûеֵ֮սôʱ䣬ҲõĲˣ˲䱻Ϊҽ
֮˵ʮ֮⣬ȫıɫĻţֻɫһҶ
ھı۾ڼٵĸıϢ֮ɫܵĻҲڼٵɢ
ʹߺ֪Ҳ˵ЩʲôɣϾԼпܱסأʲôȥġ
ǣ鲢ʲôûԸߺ˵ֻǸ˵һ仰ͻƵʦ۷壬ſԹأ
ʱʲôĶû˵ߺΪԼˣһǼһ˺ü䣬ǣ·ȥһ㣬һ仰Ҳûлظߺ
ߺεҡͷԼҪӱŬˣȻԺԼôĶ֪ˡ
ȻˣΪҲſʼӣϵձ֮еĺߺ֮кȻһ
ӿڸߺתߺվһԼ֮еЩ죬û뵽ͻ֮ûͻƵʱ򣬲Ȼô
ڵĸߺڲʹð֮£һо֮ǰԼ
ʹòþȵȣߺɿһ֮¾Լڵĸߺĵؽ׹Ƿǳ
ߺʼעԼΪǰȥˣΪһƽ׾ȥˣǣûĻǿ찡
ߺʼ֮壬ڱҲԽԽߣΪȻԺ֮н

ȥˣߺڵĺѾɹ۷壬ﵽҪĳɵĵز
˵ڵĸߺӥڣǲòþҲ
ڵĸߺĲ֮Ѿﵽ۷壬ǶԷİ嵽ɣߺһɵ
֮԰壬ǺԵģܹӦԼɵİҲûʲô⡣
ӥڵİǵ֮壬ߺţڵİΪӦˡ
ߺΪĿʼѾǳ۷壬Ҳ۷壬ֻҪһͿͻеΪ
ھһʼʱ䣬Լ˰ʱˣô죬ҵΪٶȸʹﲻ
ߺ˼æ֮ƳһԼؿڣ۾һȻеĻҾֻˣ˵ûΣգûջ񣡡
գߺû˼ֻвʱˣԼصΪûдﵽԴӰﵽ֮ԽԽҪﵽҪѰ
۷壬ʦ۷尡֪ʱǲһ֮á
֮ǰҪﵽʦĻһ֮ãߺа취ܹﵽǣƫƫҪԼдﵽʦ۷壬еˡ
Ҫ֪ʦ۷ʦһأ
˵ʦСĻ۷һ˵ǿ꣬Ͳһȼϡ
ߺԼŵ֮öָ˳˵ʵлһġ
߲ܹ֮ȫƵĶԼϴֻǿŻȪ֮۵ĺ֮ıѹסˡ
ΣߺԼϻȪ
֪Ȫ֮۵ĺжǿ֮ܲܽеĽ޹סң㵲סһʱѲɻܵסһ
ԼҪͻƣгһʱǼһĶ֣»ǵñϵΪĽ


452 ͻʦ
ߺעеĻȪ飬ĵһҪɹȻû˻Ȫ飬Ǽҵѹƣڼҿ˾ųɾͿԽ֮ѹסˡ
˵룬ߺĽеöͷųԼָôһŵ֮ӽָ֮Ʈɢߺһָ״ĵ֮ߺ߷ߺ롣
ǵ֮һߺ֮Уߺ;ãԼ嶼·Ҫըһ㣬֮ڸߺ֮вϵ´ܶ
ߺϾһָ״Ĺİڸߺ´ܶȻͿʼ뵽ߺľ֮У뵽ߺ
Уһ󲿷ֵǽ뵽ߺĻ꺣֮С
ߺоԼ嶼Ҫˣ·ʲôڸߺ֮ҴȻǿͬǴ֮ɭУһ˿֮ߺ֮һ
ǣͬǣյĸߺȻǽˣõĵ֮Ҳ֮ǰͬһָ״
ߺоԼϴһķǡ
ɲϴһ㣬帡ףߺȫѹ֮еĵ֮ԺеĲ֮壬ҲѹŻ꺣֮е֮
ߺ˲ֹͣͣǣһٴη
˵ͷһֱĻĲ鰡ڻȪˣ
ţߺһȪʹӵϷߺзȥ
ߺһѽ֮УȪ飬ߺȪ֮ںȻɢĺ
Լ֮ǰҪ߳ߺ֮ëȫ򿪣Ȼź
뵽ߺ֮еĺܵߺΥŸߺתȦ
ԼȦ֮󣬱ɸߺұ֮ǰҪ׳ܶ౶
ǸߺлȪʱ򣬽͸֮еĵ֮գԲŻЧ
ͬģЩȪĺ뵽ߺĻ꺣֮УߺİѹסЩ֮ʹøߺܹ˳еϢ
ڰϢڰ壬ߺ˵ǿٵ
ǣڱģϢǲôĶ࣬ԣߺҲЩϢʹðǣߺĲ֮岢û̫ࡣ
Լ£ߺϺȻͷųӴѹеıжзȥ
Ȼ󣬴ӸߺΪģѸٵẮ˷۶ȥ
ûеЩȫգߺĺͽܺȻסˡ
סǺ磬˵ûˣʹҪҲҪ򿪸ߺĺ
ʮȻ˺ʱ䣬¶Ϻܶ࣬ߵȻûݵˡ
ߵǱӡģڸôķӡûʣ¶ˡ
ֻ̫ǿˣټЩʵǺǿ֮£׾ɱǡ
ǣߺĺһðϱʮǿĽƣΪʮ㣬ߵ˲ͱˡ
ĺɫ潥Ϩ𣬶ӵʮŲ㿪ʼϽʼ˺ǺɫĻֻ֮µ˼£㱻ˡ
Ҳ࣬ӵһ㵽ʮŲ㶼ɫĻţǣߺϵĺͷųʱǺɫĻС
ģʮŲ㣬ǿʼ˺Ĵڡ
һȻˣʮŲĻ֮ûԮȻʼıߺĺΧ
ģֹʮŲ㣬ʮ˲Ҳ״
ʮߣʮ̱⣬ֳȻ෴ɫĺɫ棬·ܹеĹâȼеĶ
ıȴɢҫ۵İ׹⣬·һ̫һ㣬֮е̫֮£Ȼʧɫ
ǸߺͻɵģѾͻƵؾˣߺı֮壬Ҳͻĳɡ
һиߺ֪Ժ֮֮ǲӵϢ֮УҲԼ
Ȼֲ֮⣬ôߺ;ԼֲЩ⡣
Ȼڿİ˵ֻǱˮнѣǸߺȴΪܱûкðɡ
֪ͻ˳أߺû㣬ǼŻŵ֮ĺԺҲǣЩӵϢȻԼա
ߺȻʼĸıԼ״һʼߺɢŰ׹ģ״Ǹߺ״
ǣڣߺȴһţͺе̫һҫŸߺĻ꺣ʹøߺĻ꺣ӵ
ֻߺ֪ⲻԼ̬ҲǺ⡣
˵ڵҲûϾȥЩߺŬֲԼ֮Ĳ㡣
ŸߺİڸߺĲ֮ҲԽԽǿˣڵĸߺͷһºܹ׵Ĵꡣ
ҿҲܹʱڵʣǽȵ֮ĻԸߺڵΪʩչĻܹڰ죬Ѿˡ
ߺĺԼӵʮϣڶԸߺ˵ѾǼ£ߣǿ
ܹͻʮ㣬ԸߺѾǷǳˡ
Ҫ֪벻𾳽Ĳ𣬲ߺһȴʶľ˹ŹһΡ
ǰպڻٶȥĻһռһֵĹ
֮еĲߣЦˣŬԼΪһһչؾϰ֮úѳġ

ߺϵһǲϵЩҵϢԼ֮С
ǣţţߺȻһϲ
ڵ֮п˹ڱϢڱ⣬ߺ֪Ҫ߳ٱ
ߺϲæеĶȻ󾲾Ĳ
ǶϢߺԱһǧˣ֮ǰţеٶȡ
գ֮䣬¹ȥˣߺٳ˯صˣ죬Ҫͻʦ磬ʵķԾߺǲʶ֮ͻƵġ
ҲҿߺЩڱ⣬ʹİԶͻƣߺǲôĵġ
ĵʱ⣬û뵽ԼȻ²ͻʦ磬ٶȳ˸ߺ
һǾ֮죬ȻΪǵ֮һǵģΪһµʱ䣬Լܲһ֮ڣɹͻƵʦ۷ľ硣
㣬оԼɹļʴԼһɡ
ǣٴգñϴδһĵ֮ԴҲûȪ飬ʹûȪ֮ۡ
ӦôһЩǣԼ֧ܲס⵹һ⡣
ǲСıˣǿǻɢĻᶼûˡ

ĿǰΪҪľͻԼֽ׶εΪҲǴӵ˽ͻƵʦ硣
ڸߺİ̫ǿͻƷԷˮһ򵥣ɾ۷ĸߺ׾̤һ
֮Ҳʼڸߺĺ֮²


453 
㺮ʼӸߺڵĵʮȥ͵ֵĺϵĲӡ
ߺ˫֮Уѩ£·ڸߺǶѩĳ
Ψһ˵ģЩɫɡ
֮⣬ߺĵֻۺȻ֣ճһĺȻͬ˫һҲѩ
ÿһ䶼ôʵ·ڸߺǰѩ
Լһӹ󣬸ߺȻ³֣ѩء
ӳڸߺ֮еľһռҲȻ𰨰ѩÿһ䶼Ǳѩ״
ѩɢŰɫĹâǸߺĲ֮۶ɵġ
ѩո䵽ϣһı⡣
Ǹߺͻɰ֮һУ֮
羵̻ǰߺЩѩʵߺˣߺĲ֮
ʵ궼ҪȵߺĲ֮Լ֮󣬴˾ͿԴˡ
ңǾԵı⣬ûпܴг
Ǹߺа壬ôĲ֮崴
Ҳˣ˿µܣǣͬҲ㡣
ⲻ֮ʩչľ֮ȻԱߺ۾ܿһﶼܱ
Ǹߺοɵϱܹԣġ
һԱǧ֮⣬ǧвѴ֮
ǣͬģߺֻн֮ӴӡɱԷ
ڶԷ֮ʱ򣬸ߺ֮ɲǹ⻪þʩչ
Ȼӵļ룬ʹøߺľ֮ټ̣Էн֮Ƶ
Ҳ˵һߺκα룬֮ͻ᲻ơ
ɰǿֻͻƵ˲˽⡣
ǣ԰ͻƣּΪϡеĲ壬ͻƵɣǾǿֲˡ
ߺİ᳹һ㵽ʮ㣬ģһ㵽ʮпռ䣬϶˸ߺĺ
ռ֮У˰ѩȫع磬ߵĺڻһ˲ͱߺĲ֮ˡ
˭ɶΪʲôߵĶ˱ȳֻӡסˣ޷档
֮ˣֻ֮ͬ
ȼ͵ˣֻ
ǣЩǿȴ֪мǿĶڷŭ
Ƶ֮ϣܵƶը˷ĩ
Źʹ֮Уһ۵˵վվҲӣʹʼ
˳ĽЦмƣǰһţͷǧʯ
˴죬һͷƣͷϵľʯ̱ˡ
һţɫ䣬̱ڵϣɪɪɫƣвϵ³ѪϵƤűѡ
ǻʶʲôأϵҲһ˲ջء
ĽǣȥһʯͷٴѹԼͷ֮ϣ˵˵
үү
ȥ
ûĽǣߺ֮ףǸˣǹŹĻʵۡĽݿޣ˳ǳ֮
ӥڽߺеǷŽĽݿ޵еʱĽݿ˽ȫ
ԭΪߺֻһҪ봳Сɫѣûг֡
ǣǷ֪֮ԾˣԶʮĽƷٻأ
ŭһŭԷ
ͷĽǣӥڣʮĽƷҲܵ˳ͷ
Ϊûм籨ߺһ
Ľݿ޲Ϊߺܴ֮лųеˣȴ𾳽磬ܹһ˵ˡ
Ӵ֮⣬Ҳûп˴֮߳
֮ı죬һ⿪֮ܵĽݿ޵˵
ʱһӰȻððʧʧĿĽݿ޵ǰǸߺܿˣһʶ
Ϊ˾ĽЦĶӣĽƷ塣
常Ľݿǰ£ɫ֮дžϲ
ʲô飬ôæĽݿ޵ı۾
ڰϢ˵ɱĪҵˣΣˣ
ʲôһ£һȻĽݿҲվ˵ʲô˵һ飿
ĽƷظһߡ
Ľݿ˳˼ôأĪʲôٶìܣһֱĽݿ޵Ĳ
ĹѾȥĪܶΣҪìܣǲܳɹ
ĪҽڿѺˣ˵Ҫɸһ˵ĽƷ˵ɫңţڸʶ·ϣ˵ڻʶܵСƣ
һһͬһ㣬ĽƷĿ˵
˵ҪңλСֵûĽݿҲһµվѹֲסԼ֮еΪ
ҿǺӾ֮ǿ̾Ϣѹסˡ

Ǻǣܶûмϸˣһ޴ôһϢǲأ

ڴͬʱ֮еǺӾߣҲ׷׸Ӧ֮Ϣ
ɫ׷״䣺ϢǣߣѲŹ֮е֮йѺһλߣ
һʱ䣬νǼһϲҳ
ΪŹѣĪȻޱȵĿˡ
ĪĬ֮УĪľĪʣɫңңӦ֮
⣬һϢû뵽˵ˣףӰĪԡ
ĪԺݺݵ˵û뵽֮֮УΪصڣѡ֮ˣ
ô˵ڹ룡Īʵ˵ϵѹĪԡ
ĪɪɪæƵ֣ôأ֮ЩҲǳɾ˺ܶſ
Īʵ˵ͷ㻹ǸϿȥɣ̰ˣϴϵѪãһСС˼˶ץס
ǣܿˣ˵ţ֮£ĵȥвκεĲ
ǺӾܹ˵ԼиʲôĪײеƢһ᲻֮ɱ
Ǹߺ⣬һܹŪǴǸϢķô£ԭĪԵѪ
ǲߵĺѪ
ôҲͬٶȿ죬ǿ壬ĪҵѪ֡
ߵĵϵѪǿһЩҲǿһЩ
Ị̄ȻҲĪҵˣҲѪǣϡٵԺԵĳ̶ȡ
ֱԾѣԣŻᱻߺô׵ɱ

˵ĪʳĪԵĻĵ׻ͬĪԵ˵ǵѡ֮ˡ
ĪͻɰɣҪǳһǺӾߣæΪĪʺȻ˵
ĺ棬ȻһӰֵ߳ܶ˼ΪƣĪֵܵܡ
ΪĪǿ࣬ȻѾǺӾˡ


454 
ߺִöָ֮ȡָ׸ǴСĵ֮Ŀʼηϴμࡣ
Ͼߺʵǿˣѹ֮ҲԵõӦֶˡ
֮ǰȣǺ˺ܶ࣬岻ڱˡ
ǣȪܹѹƣЧߺҲ˲Сľ
֮ǰȣҲ޼ֻٶһЩƽ˵ٶȣʮֵĿ졣
ƢǣȴҲ޿ͺΣʮȫסˡ
ԷǱӡеģҲȼܹͻơ
ǣѾܾˣûͻƣʣ޼ˣٴȼգ¾ȥ֮Ҳû㹻ʱͻΪ
Ҫ
ҪҪһأҾͲţ᲻ߣƣ˵ţ߾ȻѹסԼĿ
ʼʱǣڣѾһĲûĿˣԣͲܳɹˡ
ɴ࣬ջԼȵߺȥʱһٽ֮ɱ

֮ٴλָƽȻǺɫģȴûкɫĻΧˡ
֮ǧ֮ڣ涨ԽκεĶ
ǳ֮ĽݿһǸһٴʩչһЩͽͣͿ̿
У£ǰǻ𣬵ʮ֮£ȫΧţ᲻ǧ֮ٴαأ
ͲɴཫΪһеԼĸױչس֮ж
ʱһһĹȥߺרбΪĹ֮С
̣ߺҪ֮ܵʴԼʹ࣬˵ʹֲ档
ߺİҲӸոŵ֮ıϢԸߺʮֵҪ
̲صϢߺϣԱ⣬ߺ졣
ߺһ߲ѰҳıϢһЩҵϢҪҳڱϢ
ǣڱϢûж٣ǹˮϢڵ֮֮зǳĶࡣ
Ҳǣˮκһ棬ԣߺûżĽƷʣˮ޴ڵġ
ҪĽƷˮ֮߶Զʹ߲ԶĻߺٽ֮ɱǾͺˡ
ߺһеˮ֮ϢҲгȡ˳Լ֮ϸо
֣ˮ֮沩ǣߺǱ֮ˮ֮Ȼ֮ͬԴǣȫԼıϡ
˵ˮĽˮǿȴûˮᡣ
ߺʼоˮ֮ϣܽԼıٽʣҲˮһء
˵ǳļ򵥣ʵǷǳĿѡ
ˮյ̬ˮᣬҪձΪᣬͺ񽫸Ϊһ˿һ㡣
أ
ߺϵо򣬵ʼҲͻƵ㣬֮£۾ۿ
ˮᣬȫ෴״̬
ߵһͬ߳ȥĻոߺתţǼƢһһֱȥ
ڣѾǰ̫£ҹ١
һֻɹеĹⶼʧĿС
ߺ뵽ʲôǰ֮֮еϢУôһ仰
̫ȥˣôоЩŤأ˵ϰǱӦòϲǡ
ԣҵĲ֮ǹԵģӦϲ⡭
ڰ⣬𣬺ڰ⡭ߺ·ץʲô·ʲôûץ
סˣĿϦϵ߶Щǲϵ˼
ʱһһĹȥ̫Ҳɽˣֻʣ°淢ӳԼһ˿â
Ŭ̫ǲϮĺڰߺ۾Ȼһ
԰ûкڰĹûлֳˮǿûˮôܻбûˮôôⶼû뵽
ߺͷ֮У˳ĺģڹۿɫһɲǣߺȻˡ
ˮͱͬͬԴֻûйȶı䣬ҵĲ֮Ҳ⣬ûԶڵĺڰҲûԶڵĹͬ磬ûûаûаֺԭô򵥵һ⡭
ߺٴα˫ۣȻͬˣߺһͷųҫ۵İ׹⣬ҫһУһֳԵĺڰʹһƬռ䶼ںڰ֮Уʲô
û֮кڰֳҪԣҲΪйֺܹڰĿ£߼ȿ˵Ƕֿ˵ศɵġ
ߺ֪Լһζ򣬾Ȼˡ
е߶Ϊааǣߺȴ֪ˣȴҲаֻһ֮
ûаȻҲû壬ûȻҲûа
ߺĻ꺣֮Уʼ仯һŰ׹֮Уǿĺڰ
ڰǲģ۶ôҫ۵Ĺܻҫĵط
źڰγһźɫ꣬ߺڴ˿̣Ȼֻš
˵һֻһ꣬ߺһһڰ
֮ʱȻֹͣסˣ̫½ڰǰз׷ðŸߺЩ֮
Щ߶סˣ·һֹͣסˣߺ֪һ̿ٵ
ߺϵϢҲԽһһа֮ĺҲȫʼı䣬һˮһɱ
ߺڻ꺣֮мı仯ȫһ̬ʼ仯۳֧Ȼڷ֧֮Ͽʼӡ·
ȡ
ߺкȻȳǿʱ侲ֹҲ˳ıơ
̫ȥڰһء

ߺ꺣֮ȴ˲˼ı仯ȻȫǰɫȥɫڸߺĻ꺣֮оԼĵ̡
ɫڰ׹ҫ֮£ȻĴأǣҲŬҪԶԿɫĳ̶ϡ
ڸߺĻ꺣֮У໥ӳȻһ̷˹񣬰ɫɫĹâ
ߺҲڼٵȻʼˡ
һƬɫɫѩֻ·ûȫɹǵһĵزʱ򣬺Ȼͣסˡ
ߺĵ֮һɲùˡ
оԼĻ꺣Ҫѿˣ̫ǿˣԼĻ꺣ûˡ
ֻҪһ˿ߺĻ꺣ͻ̵ıըߺҲ
˲۾ضͨ꺣ĺΪ
˵ĳɳôΪ꺣ϣֻΪһĵز꺣Żֻл꺣ˣߺпܽԼİɳһز
ڸߺ֪ͨҲǷǱѰ
ڵĸߺȻûʲôӣǿ󣬼ʹǲ߶ųҲԲꡣ


455 
û뵽һȻҹͨأҵİߺȻ˫ۣߺ˫֮Уֱкڰɫѩ¡
ߺһֻǺɫһֻǰɫģȥʮֵĿ¡
ɫ֮УޱаϢͷųɫ֮УɢڰĹ
ڰͬΪһ壬âӸߺ˫֮мȥȻֱӴ͸ֱ֮ӵ档
۷Ĳ֮壬Ȼôǿ󣬲ҪһΪˣȻȥдߺ˵
ûոֻǲһСʱʱڣߺİȻ۷壬һܹһˡ
ߺĻ꺣ڶҪѿˣǺڰ֮֮£ѾЩĺۼˡ
ߺʩչۣ֮һʩչۣ֮ͻྺ˵ߺ֮۳ܲסôǿƵҲ˵
˵һһضҾȻھѾʼˣ治֪˵˻˵ңڵѾȫģһ֮ͻƵʦ۷徳ˡ
Ǳ֮ʺңˮ֮ǿԸҵı֮ߺڲб֮һˮ֮
ǣߺʼվãˮ֮ʺԼǱ֮ԼѾﵽ뻯ĵزˡ
ֻҪǰһ;ܹ̤磬ﵽǺӻ
ʱĸߺϵ£
ȻԼܹǿ֮·ǾûбҪˮ֮Һϣߺ֮Уڰɫâٴ˸
ֻαȽϼ򵥣ڰԵĶ
ˮǱ֮Դԣߺ׵ľͽˮ֮뵽֮С
Ǻñˮӡ׵ıɱˣߺ˫֮кһУңãѡı֮Ҫߵף
漴˿ǰĻȪ飬΢΢𣺡ҵΪѾö飬ھ粻
ڵĸߺ֪㣬֮вϢʱϢ
֪ˣȪ鲢ǳ½һĶ
֮Ѿ˻Ȫ֮۵ֻҪյöȪ飬ôߺĺǻȪĺȻȪĺǿ
ǰΪߺ־Ȫ齫ԼʹԼΪ佩
Σյ壬ǰ۷壬ڰ֮ϣꡣ
˵ڵĸߺѾǰ벽֮ˣƾȪûнԼ֮ĺȡ
ǰȪԸߺԴвڡ
Ϊʱߺеı֮ȲϻȪ飬ֻҪȪ鱬ߺпȫıס
ڲͬˣȪ֮еı֮Ȫ֮Сܶ࣬ûа취סԼꡣ

ߺ΢΢ſ˫һȨߺ֮зȥ뵽ߺ֮С
漴ߺʼȪ飬ߺΪʼٵ
ģѾٽ۷壬ǣƿڶԸߺ·ǲһ㣬ߺΪһƽٵĿϰأȻٴ
Ÿߺ֮ʼ˰ѩЩѩںڰУȻ˺ɫѩ
һʱΪۣڶ춼еˣûпѩҲΪ棬ѩǾ档
ģĴ춼ļ紺Ͳѩû뵽ȴʼѩˡ
һЩ嶼ۿûп澰
ŹʹĽЦĽݿ޲ңңԶ֮ǵ۾ܹ͸
ǳ֮ͫû뵽Ҳ֮ѪĽݿ޵ĿԼĸһۡ
ĽЦĻϲǰҲû뵽ߺСһס꣬ȻéٿѾȴǰﵽĳˣ
Ľݿ縺أ磬ҪôͺˣЩһֱ֮У㽫λøңİ֮ˣҲΪҵĻʺ󡭡
ĽЦĽݿû˻ʵ۵ϣһͨ
һжȥˣЩ꣬ûȢޣ˷ഺ͸ߺһҸܵ˼飬Ƿ˵ļ飬ҲףԼȻ볾ܶ꣬þòͻˣΪʱҸûз¹

ߺСѻֵܶ˵Ķˣҷ֮ǰĶԹĺܸмû𣿡Ľݿ޵ĵĿԶ֮ı仯ǵġ
ĽЦȻתͷȥϵһյƶ𣺡һ漣ߣǰûʲôǲɵģ
˵꣬һЦȥ
漣߰ǺǣǿأĽݿ߶䣬ȻԳһҲĽЦ汼ܳȥ
磬
СӣȻ͵Ϯң
˶û緲һ壬Ťһ𣬻ʹ֮УƮ˵ˬЦ

ŹĴѩţطϽһ򣬱Ļѩš
Щѩ֮ǰһǰɫģǺɫġ
Ų˴ɢǰ죬ԾɫҲʮֵĺá
ϵĻһƬ˼˭ǽᱻɱ񣬶˲
һЩоЩѩɢİ׹⡣
˵ιŹһǶˣĲ˵һĸ𣿡
˵ˣߺʶݣˣߺҲʶܷĽǡ
ϻ֮ǰ˺òã˵㲻ҹؽȥĸߺ𣿡
һˣе˶ֻ֪ʹ۷ʦƽ֮֮еǸߺŹӮñˡ
Źαʧˣĸ󳡡
ǲⰡɵĳ֤ͬĪ̼ŹĸΪע

˵ţȻǵǰվǵǰ
֮ǰǶûпڿˣþ档
ΪûнӡҲ֤һʼȴʲô
ʲôˣȻôҹŹĽأĽԲģŶȵ
ЦֹתŹˣǺܾˣڹһˣ
˵ΪЩ𾪣Ϊ˾ȻǳߣȻ֮ǰҲͻ硣
ǣԶ֪Էʵô
ʲô꣬˭ݲʵ
һˣһһУǱ͸ɫǸϬͬһ㡣
˭ûбҪֻ֪Ҫ֪ΪߺľͿԣ˵ţȦȻͨ죬ȥ
Ź֮ˣϢɣ
һȣһϣŵ˵ļϣǽʲôʱɱֻҹŹ֮ˣ
ĽǲмЦһûҴĽǣĽݼˣڵģ


456 
ʲôֵһ˲䣬˲󾪣ɴ˫ۣŶĽǣŵĽǣ
ûвգôˣĽǺὣм˵
ЦҡҡͷôоǲǺ£Ǹأ
ûǸˣû뵽֮ϲڿ԰㱨ˣ磡˹ЦֻЦ֮УЩЩˣЩ
˫֮У˸
һһһУֵܣңΪ㱨ѩˣû뵽ǴβǶ𣬷еѩ㲻ʵѪ𣿡
˵˭˵ķӦȻΪ׽֮˱ĽǺˣǣЩ꣬ĽȻ˲٣Ҫ˵ؽ֮ģҲֻС
ʶߺݺȻ˵
ߺ֣Ľǻһ£ɲˣΪ֣Լͷ϶ǧʯһ֮á
ĽЦ˵壬˵ڵڶء
ʧϵЦ˵λֵܣλ磬үүүаǲʹգǳԾƣ
ҲεЦݣ԰԰վ¾Ͳ֪ѩϻãʦ֮µ߷ͻΪڷ
ȻҪԵģǣûֵܣƳǶôĿɬǿ֪ҽɥȪο֮飬Уǽɩֶصʲôطˣ
Ǹֳ͸ߣ˫ü۳ѪеĽɪɪʱгֵĿܡ
ɩӣŶŶ˵ްֶ˵ѾǰõȫĵطˣһǱűˣ׻˵ͷ
ޡ˳Ǳ˳λֳˣϽ֮ϽߺٴΣһʶˡ
ֱֽڣ죬оˡ
ϽǺϽֽڣӰǣ콣߽죬ң߾죡ݰá
һ֮ڣ˵ذ֮УʵǱѰԼ˸͵в
ǵ꣬ڴΪֵܳķϰɣеȴ򿪣ͻɽϷˮͼ
ֻϵһ䣬ǳΪ׶ͼ
⼸ʱ䣬ԼΪأҽ׶ͼӵ¡
չоȻܳ޻ǣǸߺߵʱԳ
սҪһʱ֮кȻǿƣƺޱȣֻ磬ϵѩȻ仯˺ɫ
˸ܵƵʱһǣߺ
ͬ˫ۺĿ֮ʮ㣺ѵǵֵܻû
ϲĿ棬ǣ˿˽ɫѩĿ£ܲˣųմ˱ܳƬѩ

֮УߺڽѣڵѾȪȫˣΪǴﵽ˿µ۷塣
İѾ۷壬Բû̫ҪǽȪȫĺתԼԼΪ
ߺվһƣ΢΢𣺡ڴﵽˣû뵽ôʱ䡣
ͷ˵飬Ѿﵽʦ۷壬ǲǹأ
ߺɫ䵭ʵ鲻ӦҲŵֿԷԷϵΪ
ãŴ洫ѾĲˣȿȣϲСˣڳɹˣ
Сˣߺһ㶣Ȼ֪һУǣСƺӺζȴˡ
ľûһ˿ˣԭ룬С˵ĲǣҪʮʱܵ۷壬û뵽꣬͵˳۷壬Ұ۷壬Ѿǿ̫ˡڵС˵ĶˣҲסСˣѾľҲܵӦеĳͷˣСҪСߣУпյʱȥرԭһˣ
˵Щþȫǻһ´ˣһֻƹʨޣĻɷĩȻʧڿС
ѩʨرԭڲ֮ĵطΪʲôҪȥأߣߺ޵һ˲䣬֪ʲôˡ
ѩʨǼرԭǿ֡
˵رԭλڼڲԱһƬԭûʲô仯ΪʲôѩʨҪԼ
һжδ֪ߺûпȥˣҪǣ֮߳
ûеȸߺӦļѩʨ֮Ȼ򿪣ĺɫ꽵
ߺֻǵһ֣֮еİ屬ǻ˲䱻ű֮ǰֻ̬ȴǺˡ
飡ߺ˵ЩĻ˲ƿˡ
ûеǣߺԼʮһȥ
ʮһûκζֻ޾ĺɫ棬ߺϵİ屬һƬ׹Щɫ̱סˡ
ߺȥʮʮһһֻɫĻӵʢһЩ
ǣڵĸߺͲʲôѵ顣
ߺֶûˣǿİɫ֮壬һ˲䣬ʮĻҲı⡣
ļǰУʮʮģʮ塭
ߺÿһһ̱⣬滹棬Ѹٵᡣ
ڻĻߣ̤һһ޾ĺ
ڵ˾ʮŲˣӾǲ㿪ʼߺ;Щˣһʱ䣬Ž֮ȫıס
ʮŲ㣬ǻӵˣһߺҪߺΪҽ
ߺϰ屬Щһ˲ͱס󣬸ߺĺʼѡ
䡭
ߺĲ֮ĴڣϵıЩǣЩʮֵǿʢŤһ£ߺĺˡ
һߺĲ֮ȫɢЩ͵ߺ
ߺ۾һ˲䷢˸ı䣬һֻȫ۰ף޾ĺɫѩһֻǺۺڣҫ۵İɫѩ
֮
ߺеӳŵľɫĵطʼ˰ɫɫѩѩ䵽Щڻʱ򣬿ʼһ۳ɺЩɫĻ˲䱻⡣
ߺܣп龰ߺİˡ
ڰװ壬ศɣȻ˱۷ǿ
ЩɫĻ棬ǰ壬Ѳһػߣһ˻ޣߺ
ǺӾİ壬ʹ۷壬Ҳֻ۷塣
ߺְศɣȻӳ˱۷ǿĴڣο߶ǲ֮壬԰壬ԭͱͨİҪǿ
СӣˣҵˣƻҪΪҽʱĶӺȻ򿪡
һ洫˳һ߱¶ڸߺǰ
ûһߣԼһɴϸǺɫģƬðźɫĻ棬˫ǺںģźɫĻȼա


457 ۷ײ
ߵܳŻ֮壬ܵĿռ䶼ȼյ˲٣Եĵطͬܣռǿʼҵȼգͬþһ
ĺɫ棬Ÿߺ޷˵ĳ˹ȥӿ졣
ߺֻǾվϾҲûбŷֻվﵭĿܵԼĴ
Ĵ򵽸ߺǰʱڸߺǰȻֲˣ͵֣ײȥ
͡
ڼҵײ֮£һͬʧˣֻѿĿռ䣬ϵĲк
۷֮壬û뵽İҲ۷ѣߺɫû˿ı仯˵
ƨӲĽҵѹƵʹͬľ磬һ㣡޾ޣҲ֮бѺʱ̫ˣԵԴе㲻⡣
ߺ΢΢һ֮£ȻԼʵ齲˳ߺ΢΢𣺡ԭˣıҲ뿪Ƕɣ
޳Ĭˣߺ˵һ㶼ûȷǲ㣬붥ˣð壬ǰһ׵Ĵڡ
Ȼˣûʲôµˣߺɫ侲ˣϱһ㺮ڸߺɡ
ոս֮ٴβ˺ռ佥ıˡ
߾˵ǿڣ棬Ǳغƽ˼ҵײ
Сӣٵˣ֪ҵΪ𣿲֮Ҳʩչ𾳽ֻʩչ۷壬ǿƳ̶ȣҲԱģǹԹԵ䣬ҽͽųȥΣ
οڵĸߺȻΪǺǿ󣬵ǰǳǿ󣬶Լİ壬Կջ
˵ҲûȻõ۷壬Ǳͨ۷ǱȲġ
ǣߺȴһ˿򣺡˵ٲˣĳ룿
ߺȻ˵ô˵ˣҲԳΪˣУΪЧ
ЦСӣῪЦƾôܽŲ㱦ֱһٲ㡭
˵Ȼͣס˵ˣ
ΪߺĺȷǲľʮŲ㣬ֻһ㣬ͿԲٲ㣬ȻֻҪͿԳɹˡ
Сӣôģͷų޾ɱ⣬ͬȭͷС۾֮Уɱ⡣
ߺȻ˵Լİǲ֮壬ֻҪͷųͿԴ꣬ǧ֮á
룬ҲǹģȻҪÿһпܽ
Ǹߺʹõǲ֮壬ʮʱǣ¼ʹܹһٲʱҲǰþûа취սˡ
ߺ¶һ˿̵΢Ц°¶Ҿ͸㣬һˣҾͽ̸
ҪˣܹԼʮŲ㣬һٲҴ֮أԶҲûа취⣬Ȱ㻹Һɣ
ûбߺŭһջߺ
ûһٲһǿĲ𾳽֣ߺҪ뽫ȷЩѣֻʹҲҪһԡ
ߺıֱ뻢ıƤ֪ʲôʱͻԼ
˵ɹ֮ͻ̽ԼɱǼѩʨǰĻڸߺĶԱߵСߣ
⼫ѩʨһôʱ䣬ߵϰ⣬ԿѸߺ
Ȼа취֮ǰҪʵһ£ҵİ嵽ǿʲôز˵һƷֻһĶˣ
ߺ˫˲仯Ӹոԭһһɫͫס
֮ͫУڰɫѪ¡
ʲôôôֵˣ߿ߺӣһЩ˵ҲƵǼʶ㲩ˡ
ǣûһ
һ޵Ĺ·Ļ˲ֱӡһֻҫŹĺâ·ħ˸е־壬ƲԼĿ⡣
ʲôߺķɫںףɫ֮ţ߾Ŀš
֪Ϊǿİ屬ʹһ˿죬û뵽ߺôԵı졣
ǽȻ෴״̬а񣬺׹һ
֪ҵİڵİĸǿһЩлĸʵĻᣡ
˵ţߺϺȻǿİɫ۵ĺ⣬ҫеĵطƺҪǸطĺڰȫ𾡡
𡭡˵Ȼа壬Щȴ࣬һЩ޲ûа
ǽһԼ򣬽֮ͷųǿܡ
ϧ߻ûдֵز
˿򣬵ҪȻ˵˼룬ȴһ㣬Լ˼άκεĶ
ǣѾǿ󵽼£ϳɾ
ҲϣȴǳɾϳմϾһյĿռôʱ䣬ûжٻӴ࣬Ӵ硣
ֻǰ޵һ׷Уսϳɾޣͬһֶ
ǿĻ֮壬ɢźɫĹâڿ۳һɽߺѹ
ߺһӣǰɫĺŲ֮壬ѸٵΣΪһ޴Ŀɽ޸ݺݵǺɫɵĺɽȥ
䡭
ܵĿռ׷˲ͽɫĿռ©˳Ǳȸߺĺɫ֮ɫ
ͬʱ֮棬ĿռѸٵ𣬴Ŀռѷ֣շ·һ㡣
һĩյľ֮ݣˮײ֮£
ͬˮһ㣬濿ٲʱѸᣬΪһ͸ı顣
Ǳ˸Ű׹⣬һ㡣
ɣ˫ذ壡ߺһ˿֮ɫٲ׾ˡ
ϺȻڰɫâռѸٺڰ׺ⲻϵĽ棬һڲָһ˲ֱӡ
ֲͬİ壬໥ӳ֮£ԽԽǿܲϵıɫıɫĶᣬٶȷǳĿ졣
գۼ䣬ڰɫͲռ䣬ϲĿռȥƬϵĻⶼڰ֮УϵĶ
ʲô꣬ԣ벽꣬Եİ벽꣬ҪҵҲܾôʧܣ
ɫ߲ϵŤԼ壬ҪԼ֮Ӧеǿ
ǣȻһſ񱩵˲ͽߴˡ
ţߺĺڰɫεĿǶһ˲仯Ϊ˷ĩ
Щɫȣ֮£Ҳ˲ͱޡ


458 
ˣܲʱһŰɫۣ˵ӰȻڸߺǰ
ߺĿһۣϵƣȻûһ˿ߺȷŸոǿ񱩵ģ֪Ϊʲôֱ
ǰã֮𣿡ߺûʧľһ
û뵽ܵǵ˵Ĳ죺ʲôƨǰҷӾͿˣ
ǣ񲻺ɣߺȻĽӣǣϲŭ޳һԼ֮ǵöԷء
ǺǣشȴҲôǳʲôǶ˴Ĺƨͨ⡣
ʲô壬ʲôаЩڼȴ޳ܵĿɶСˣҪνаں޲óǵ⣬ǵѪǵĹͷϧˣһ
ǰôΪߺǵĻĽһ䣺ӣ
ûй˼
ԳƷӵĵ˵ͷͶˣ
ߺҲܸˣϥĽǰҲȲôĽһܹһ֮߷ʹɡ
У㻹ܲôΣ
ˣҲʹ죬Ҳ˲ǣһֻݻĹϵ
ߣڴ˵Ľɪɪû˸ոյĲ벻һ
лôлˣǰЩͿʼлΣ
߱˵ӣȻҲҷһ䣬ֻͷ­ȦȦ֮С
뷨ΪҲ֪𣿿ϧûҵͶӰڣԶûа취ĻƵһ˫֮ɱ⡣
ߺæֹ˵Ӹ£ܱܲɱֻҪȫвУ
ҪʲôӺȻתͷߺֻ֮ͫУһ˿ɫķ⡣
ǿ⣬ߺ;ãԼܵԼԼսⱩǣҸʹʹĴһ
ߺ֪ǲģæ˼ѹסľˮſıס
һѹɵİɣǲס˵ģһְ˵԰ɣߺɫûһ˿仯˵
ӹЦܴǲ´ˣ
ʲôߺһͨˣָоôд
ǶԷ֪ԼͨȴǹϵжϣԼˣ⵽ô¡
ҪӺȻ֮бɫĹâ˫ȵʵ
˻ν⣡ߺôˣԷһ٣ٶսļޣڵѾ޿ˡ
ӹһЦû£ҪԺͻ鷳ϣҡͻӡһԶҲ޷֮𣡡
ߺȥ۱ŷĹâûѾˣвûõģԽ˵ұԽҪõ
ӺȻĴЦãе־ոҷӻҪ㣬ڣ㣬̫ˣãǿϧأ
ߺ˫ɫ䣬˵ôҪ᣿˵ţߺѾְ
ڰɫڸߺۣһɺѸٵϯķһж
⣬һԾΪȫǻȪϢһһ˿һٲġ
ţǺر𰡣ǱǱһ߳ôõģӸоȪʵ
ߺ˵ûҪ֪˰ɣҪشǣǲᣡ
ٴѯʣ֪ԼѾûа취ȥˣֻεЦЦҡѾܶˣ⡭ֻҵͶӰѣҵһһֱ˯ԼĴڡʵѾɢˡ
ӵϺȻųŭİˣгĺ⡣
ֵģĻʣʣʱشңаսߵǻʣǲ֮ϵĴڡ
ܵ˵ߺĻ¼òǺףǣˡ
ϹʱڣӾǵһ֡ʣһߡ
ǣսʤΪĵڶ֣ڶݵʱѾ˵ķʣаļϸ
ҪĶոɾͷΪ
ǣֵܵʣԶ֣һδεĽ
崫б˲ǲҪҡ
ǣ벻ǷʵʵжǿȻһӦսӲĽ˲ײɢˡ
ش䣬ڻߵвԣǿ֮ȫۼеĻ߾ȫ
ڷһײ֮£ʵȻΪˣ˵Ĵ
оԼɢ˲Ǹ۶ɵģ˺
ҵʧĲ˲ֱ𻯳ԼѹסϢҲأֻѩʨΪ飬ߵɷ
ٴ֮ɱ¾֮˶Ŀߡ
һ˿ĵͶӰֹϢ©

һֱҪһˣʱϣܹңôСΪţܹҡ
ߺʶĵ˵ͷȻӦʲôҰ㣬磬ʵģ
û£ʵңҪȥǾǽ֮ȻǲȥģҪˣ뽫˲ȥǲܵģ
ߺ֮󣬺Ŀһ䣺ޣ޳ܣ
СֵܣǾʹ˽ΣһὫͶӰֻѹƵĲΣ㸡֮ȷǷ˵ģǵʢ
㵱ɵȫǻɫϢȥĲȫˣ
ֻҪ֮󣬾ͿתϢˣȻͶӰһ֮

ţߺ˵˺ܶɣ̫ûطţԷһһˡ
ߺ֮£ֻԷ
ҷʣ
Ҹߺ
ļ֤£ͬͬͬͬ
ɲԲ˵Ϳˣͬͬ㵽ΪҸ㱨𣬻
ðɣˣ

һ֮ڽˣص˵СʣֻҪ㣬ͻ˲Ĵڣʱ㱣׼ᱻɱ
ߺν˵ҿںвУ
ڸߺ仰Էᣬֻȫߴȥ߼һ˲ͱײ㣬Ѹٵķӡ
ףһ˲գߺ£ϵĺƱʵͶӰųȫ׹᳹


459 ߳˲
ǰ˲֮Уһ˿Դ˲ڷţŸߺԺ֮пٵķȥ
һɲ֮䣬ͷɵ˸ߺߣߺĻ꺣֮ȥ
ǵϷʧǣʮ֮лɫʣǣǵľȴûʧ
ǵٵڸߺͷ֮гͣһ˷֮һβƵ㡣
ߺĺڰɫ壬ѸٵİסһĽ֮ҪԼӡӡȥ
ǣʱǲ֮УȻһǿһõͳڸߺĻ꺣֮С
ǳǿ״һɫŭڸߺĻ꺣֮ϵ˵
С֮ҪҪԶʧ˵ţƽ岻ϵŤߺоޱȵʹ
˭ߺʵ϶ŤˣֺԴѵʹøߺûа취ܡ
ߺʹı飬ʺȻʶԾ˲ѾҲӦôʹǡ
˲ܵ˸ߺĻ꺣֮УǰǸӰ۾ˡ
ʡɫ˻ţ񿴵Լ޵ˣҲ߳
ʣҲʮֵľȣûżĹߺһŤһŻɫ·ˡ
ɫĿŷʣͶӰû뵽㻹ûҽƴһӡҲ뽫Ա֮𣡡
Ϊ˭ȻƣҲҪ𣡡
ߺ̾һ˽ǾһһעڻɱжȹʹֻʣһͶӰɱԷ
ߺɲԼطȥԼԺȥĻԼĻ꺣˵̾ͱƵ
ܹԼĴڣѾǷǳˣټ߻ҪǿĻߣսԼԴ˲ͻɽ
ôҲҵĻ꺣λȥսɣߺɫȻ˵ȻĻҿɲұ֤Լʲô
˵ţ˲ͷųâڰײƵĹâ
ɫĺһУɫĺһЩ
һһӰȥҲ֪ڸߺԺ֮սԸߺɲɹ˺ԣߺ֣һ˲ͳȥˡ
ʵӡǿɾûôˣӡǱͲǿôĥ
ҪǣְǱŵһ˲ͲԶ˲ıԴ
ڰ׽ĹâϣΪˣͨ죬Ÿߺ⣬вϵ˻
ɫ⽫ĻɣΪУɫĹâֱӽ֮סȻ
ߺѾ޽ӽˣཻ棬̲ʳ֮£ģʧڸߺԺ֮С
㣬ҼסˣҪҷְ˲ϢȻһĪ˿ӡڸߺ֮У˵һݻʧӰˡ
ߺ˫һ֪ν󣬳ɹĽԼӡӡǲ˲ϡ
۾һٲĵôǰٲأıԴһ㰡
ǵȻ˲ǰ˲Ųͬ㣬õģֻǰ˲һһͱ֮ǰջˣ
Ӧ˵ߺͷߣңиƨðɣһ㶼ģ
żżеģֻĲ֣ڵʱ˲ȫ֧ˣҲû뵽½֮ԵʱֻѰҵ˰˲ı壬Ĳ飡֮ɰ˲ĲγɵģҲ˵塣
⣬ߺ΢΢İһЩ
ڣҿԳȥ𣿡ߺ˵
˰˲飬ߺ֪ô֮ԼĻ꺣ˡ
ңо˲֮еκεطԼĸо֮УԼͷ·е飬ӵһеȨ
Ҫһһ־̿ʼҪһֳǸռ̱⡣
ȥ߷ӡסȥס飬ı䣬ǿ̬Ժ֮е̬
˵ţʽץţȥţһǿӵһ㴫˹ʼӲ
һֹͣʱ򣬷ߵϢҲʧˡ
һռ״ԼȻԸı䣬ǣȴûа취棬ߵ̫ǿˣһ죬ԼѹסˣȻĻеĿռԼԶҲƿزˡ
Ȼߺûеģ𾳽Ƕǳ顣
ЩĵʵǧȲҪ׷鵽ԼȻĻߺÿ¡
壬ųƬ½ǿ塣
ֻǵУ̫٣Żᵭʷ̨
ǣֵһڶ࣬Ƭ½ϣҪ˵壬Ȼ塣

ĳɳʵ̫ˣܶǿʽң߳ɳٶҲʮֵľ˵ġ
Ȼǿߵûа취ȽϣǣٶȣܻϵռϷ硣
ڣҸóȥˣϣĪĲ߾绹ûأȻĻĲˣĽݼң㻹һأ
ߺһ̤һ̳˲Ķˡ
ȻһİٲȻ·ˮһɱٵСһ뵽ߺԺ֮С
ߺڰգĸоԺ֮е
뵽ߺԺʱ̽ߺԺ֮еǲıԴ֮С
ߺеߣǷӡһС
ԭʽһֳһٸռ䣬һٲ
֮һ˲ʧϢ˲䴫ᡣ
֮еȨߣͬһʱ´֮ڵĵطΧԲκ˵Ĵڡ

Ķߺû˿ķӦҲûҪߣôա
˫ſһӵƣڳˣϣǡΪ֮
ڸߺЦͬʱ֮ڵǺӾ߼˲͵ˡ
͸ܵ˸ߺϢȫߺŰΧסˡ
˭ϾǹŹĵ̣Ľݿ岻ݴǵȿʡ
ߺûᣬǽ˫ۣ˫ſ̫졣
ܾˣܾˡңܾûпôľɫˣԭɫô͵ģߺۣϢ˵
ߺܣǱʮǺӾ߰ΧţɫƵĿŸߺ
֮ʧǲйأٴοʵĪʡ
ɫģ񲻴һ˿ĸ飬͸ߺı鵹мơ
ߺȻ۾Īʿȥš죬ӰĪʲôˣ
˵ǵȻ˿Χܵ߿С


460 ԿǺ
Ѫ֮Īʣո˵ģǼҵܣߺԼĻ˷ӦĪһ˿˷ܣ˵ĪеԨԴء
ĻǾٺòˣ٣Կ϶ǣ֮ܣĪҽ⿪ġ
֮Ҳпڴ˵УʱͻΪԼˣҲ͵Ī֪֮ܡ
ߺЦˣЦʮֵĲããܺãѪ֮ĪʣӰĵܵܣõĺܰ󣬸ߺտȥ
ܾûȥˣ֪ڵܷܲɵ̫Ķˣ˵ţߺ屬ǿͬһһ㣬ѸٵĴԭʧ
̫֮ϣȽȽ

䡭
ߺӰ̫֮ϣѹ̫֮е綼ܶ࣬Ÿߺڵ˰֮ϣȻŲٸߺ
ߺǷҡֱϣҪһֱϷȥҪͻƴ½졣
Ƭ½һ졣
һأ̫죬߱ȥֻг۷壬Դڶ죬Ҳ̫졣
ȫĳ½ˣܶ಻֪СƯš
ǣֻǳ߼߲ſȥҲΪЩҪһרߣС϶ӡ
ʵԲԷ޹ؽҪǶǿ֧Ϣ
ǣû֮еĶأǵٶܹһЩ
ģǳ졣
˵ͻһ㣬ͿԻǳ
ǣܹͻһˣȴҲ޼۷ҪͻƣΣ
˵ǿޣӵȴǣ˵Щ˽񣬵ҪͻƳĶѪꡣ
Ҳ˱ʢߵʱ򣬽ĳƺţ˸ĳ˽Ѿ񻰻ˡ
Լ˰ɣߺڿ˴еĿĵأ̫졣
̫·Ͳڣ͸ɫģǣߺܹܵǿӵ
˿˿͸ȥ̱ɫ͸󲨶洩˳ְ
ҲøߺǿܹӦ̫ĴڣǸ鵽˵ϣʹӥ֮Ҳδܸоõ
оʱ˵ѾеѪˡ
ߺոյûжãͲ䣬ʮӰ֮еǺӾߡ
㵽˭ҵʲô飿ĪɫѾһЩˣϾԷҪʶԼĵܵأǾԼ˰
üֵԼˣĪʴԼЦݣûüֵˣҲӲ
ߺĿ֮УȻǰˡ
ȴѺעˣߺȷʶĪԣǣȴѡ
ߺգ´ٺЦֹңʶĪԣٺ١ҽиߺ
һ仰໶ϲ
Ľݿ޵ȻǸˣһԼλСֵûڶҺпѾ֮еܽҿˡ
ڸߺ֣ĪͲİˣԼĵܵ˵ҲԼǰἰ
ĽݼˣĪҵˣһ
ߺԼֵͽȥģû뵽֮󣬴ִˡ
ĪʽйĪĵ˵˼仰Īͷתȥ
Ȼ֪˸ʲôȥǣûʲôĵıҪԴʱ˿̸ߺΪٶһǺӣûõ顣
ǣǺӾĸǿߣ磬Ǻ֮ϵߣ⼸ܹѹ
ǰ⼸ˣûһǺصģߵĪֻǺ۷壬˵̫ˡ
ߺֵܣǳ֮ĽݿޣĽݿ߳ĶŸߺһ֡
ѾǸ˸ߺˣǲ֪ߺʵڸߺֻ۷塣
ԷһǺӾˣһǵ۹Ļʵۣ˵ʿˡ
ߺȴ飬˵Ľݿޣţϴιҵӥڣ°
ĽݿһĿЦĽݿˣµĽֵܣĲ֮£Ѿ𷣣ֵܻȫ㵽ҵϰɣ
ߺû˵ԶĪĪѾɹˣĪǰĪԽ
ĪԵĶŸߺĪݼ̫ûˣҵ׵ܵܣҲǽͽ֮ӰĪԣҾͽ̸㣬㴦Σ
Ľݿɫ䣬û뵽ĪʾȻôԼֵܵҪˡ
磬㲻Ȼ֪ߺΪΣǿԼֳô⣬֪ߺΪԶտɱˡ

ĪԵĪʺûһ㣬ֻǵվǣץŵĪԵ͹
ĪڵΪѾĪȫӡסˣ֮У𽥳˺ۣĪֻº͵ĿŸߺ
ߺѿˣѪ֮ĪʣǺǰ
ɴߣСڣĪֵܣǣȻǵֵ㣬ͱ˵ţһĪԵߺȥ
ߺûһһֽĪץסϵЦޱȵĲãһأ֮ոߺ֮ԼֵܶôݣգĲķˣҲᱻͳȥ׸
˵ţߺȫллҺϲΪҾʹɣ
ߺеĪѸٵĽеʧȫĺðŰɫ۵Ĺâ
һʦ۷ߣôڸߺС
ĪԵĪֵиûһ˿ˣǸոոߺĻŭǡ
ǸоԼһСһ㣬ߺϷŪˡ
֪ĺɣѪ֮Īޱ˵ѪɫĹâһһġ
ߺԲõ΢ЦȻԸܴɣ
ĪϣɱĪһȻƬƬ绨һİ
Ѫɣ˵ţл״İƬƬƮ
ǻ֮ж֮⣬ǴĶǷ磬ռ䡭׷ױ롣
ɻ꣡
ո˵꣬Щ꼱ٵתߺиȥǻķ籩
ǣ֮壬ϧİԶأ
ߺÿϱǿİ壬ԸߺΪģ㺮ʼɡ
ǻķ籩ıˣһ֮ڣߺܵĿռ䱻ȫסˣߺվ⺮ģһ仰û˵
ǣʵıȴʤ˵仰е˶ƿˡ
Ƕ֪ɻĪİȴһʦ۷˸ˡ
δţĪһ˵ôĻ˵ǲϵһ㡣
ߺ΢΢𣺡¸ոͻƣûţǴأ
֪ߺô򵥣Īʾսپߺֹ
֮ڣܴӵ˼𣬳ɳԶԿǺӾ磬һ֮á


461 ۷
СӣȰ㻹ǽ֮ܽǣǻܹǳ֮ϣһԭɱֵ֮ߺΧĪͱˡ
ߺֻ֮ǵһЦһɱֵ֮㽫ӰĪ͸ɱʲôʱҵˣ
ҵģϣӸץסߺ˵⻰Ī֪Ѿˣ
ܵļǺӾ˿ԥȥͽߺΧС
ǳ֮Īݿ޵˻ԭؾ岻Ȼ˵͸ߺĹϵǣߺ̫˳Ծˡ
ǰֱǴߣߺİѾڵǿԱˡ
ܹ͸֮ܣ˵ܴӱ֮ϣõԼİҲ۷塣
ջ˵ģǺϣԼΪǸµǸߣֻҪͻƵߵľ磬ǿᣬԼûκΰ취
˵ҪԸֺôסԼԼΪϯϡ
֮֮ĺôǵܶģǵУߺУһлƶĽɽ
ߺĽݿ޳ɣ֪ԷЩʲôˣ΢΢𣺡һϰɣҵҪЩνľ֣ҺΣ
ȻߺΪǣǣߺİȴ߳ǲ֪ٱԲԼΪǲһ¾ͽԼס
Ҫ֪ʦߣܹ۷ѰǼޡ
ԼĻ꺣ȪĴǱȳ˵ļͣȻˡ
ʹڣְ벽꣬ڻѾߺĻ꺣ﵽһֱ͵״̬
沼˺ڰɫİâǸߺٳٲͻƵĻºܿЩĹԾͻὫߺű
۷壬һ˵ֻǺ۷ܵ
˵˵ҪһЩпǺ۷ͿԴﵽˡ
СӣڳԣŹĽݼһϵߣѾһЩ̲סЩջˣȻĽݿ޷Ȼôȥ
ĽݿɫҲû뵽Ľ䵽˭ԸȥĪҵæ˭ȥɣĽݼҵǺӾٴιأ˭ȥĽݼң
˵꣬վǣҲҲˡ
˭Ҳǣ˰ĪҹߺǹߺǾĪһ㣬Ľݼҵĵˡ
֮ЩǺӾҲˣոԼܳˣѾĽݼҷˡ
˷ǹעһˣںǷǱĽݼ
ĽݼҲһûʲô飬ҲֻߺЩ飬Ҳ˵
գҵûоסջȫ̳ˣ׷׵ĽߺΧС
һĽݼЩվסˣԸߺ˵Ծһ֣ԼڲȥԶûлˡ
Ľݿ޺棬ɵ֮УߺŰΧסˡ
ߺǽ¶һ˿΢ЦֻǱλĽݼҵĸ֣մ֣
֪ǰҪһȻӢۣȻƵãȻĽݿ˵
ĽݿȻѾǴⲻΪѸߺˣվǣûлشߺĻźǸǺӾ˵
ܷ֮躣֮֮ĽݼңӴ֮Ľݼҵˣ
Ǹ˵˵ͷû˵ʲôֻǿ˵УЩŭɱ⣬ҲĽݼҰȻĻֱģ
ڱĽݼһ£˺⣬ֻǽȫעڸߺϡ
ߺ΢΢𣺡ĽݼŶǹŹľǣҾѵһЩĹūŰɣ
Щ޳Сˣߺһᷳ
ǾһȺιİǣֻҪ棬ͻԥĵתͷݺݵҧһڡ
ǳ֮Ľݿޣɫûκα仯˵һ䣺ˡ
ûأߺӰѾеһ˵󣺡֪ʲô
ߺɫ֮˵ЦٺٵĿϵֱЦһȣߺٶȾȻ쵽˵زһ˲䣬ԼȻûп塣
ĹȻΪģҪͻƣɣ˵ţҲûţһӣķ羢ȫʧ۶ȥ
Ŷԭܷ֮ҵҪôܷģߺ˵ţһһӣһƬɫҫ۵ĺӸߺл
ߺǰ˲俪ʼۺ㺮ܷ֮ٵ۶ȥ
ɶ񣬸ƣܷ֮ߺȻСԼԼȻҲʩչԼ޷ܸߺǾͻΪеЦ
ڸߺЦǵˡ

ܷ֮УһϸСҿٵķ羢ؿռ䣬ߺǰ
Ǻ
ͬĹâڿвϵŤţš
һƬƬռ䱻⣬һƬƬռ䱻иݣߺİҲǲ֮壬ռϷ磬Էķ羢ӡУҲϵ羢
󣬸ߺĲ֮ڽǵ羢ĥɾܷ֮ȥ
ǵѾˣܷ֮ûУһץͽߺǵ۵Ĳ֮ץˡ
һˡ
û뵽ߺĲ֮Ȼôǿ󣬶һǴв֮ģȻٴɵĺԼ֡
ĪӪˣһЦһһȻ˵ˣʹ۷壬㲻𣿡
ܷ֮ɫͨ죬һ˦֣渽ŵĺ˦˳ȥ
ǣߺĲ֮ɴڣٴ˱ĺ
ɶ񡭡ɷϷ򣡡˵ţٴһڣЩȫȥǣ̣ȴǱӦС
ʲô԰壡ܷ֮ʶʲôȻ̧ͷߺ
ҲǴһƽ۷ȷʲôǣԵ۷壬ȴôˡ
Щ԰ǿҲ۷԰壬ǿǿڡ
꣬һ㲻𾳽ǲŻӵеĶڴ֮ǰʹǿҲֻܽ޵Ľӽĵز޷ĳΪꡣ
ȻҾͲ֮ˣܷ֣㱨𣡡˵ţĪҸոճЦܷ֮Ǹˣתߺ
ߺ»꣬Թ޵ͷųԹڸߺϷ
ȻֱӹǣȴģߺޱǿиͶԸߺ𲻵κεá
ߺԹ֮Уɫһ˿Ҳûиı䣬Щ»ΧŸߺ޷뵽ߺ֮С
ǣôŬ겻ȥ


462 Ż
Щ»꣬ÿҪȥߺ϶ǿĺɫɫ⣬̱
ɫĹâѸٵı⣬ʧڱ֮УɫĹâǸӵĿֲȻ˽ȥΪâһ֡
׻Īʼʶ㣬һӣ̲ˡ
˵İ壬ѾǳǿľˣǵİͶûκεã
Īʵ˵Ҫ˸ߺĶ̴ûߺİȻǿ󣬵Ķ̴
ڵĸߺҲֻ۷ľ磬ǿϣЩѾǺӾľ˵ԲǵĶ֡
Լ̲֮֮ʤߺûдʤ
ܷ֮һѩǰܣǿٵתߺ͵عȥ
ƬƬռڶԷһ֮£׷ױ飬ǵѹԵߺѹȥ
ߺ֪ԼĳܵһͻΪ֮µûеֿôǿΪ
ǣߺȴֵֿǿһַǸߺ۷塣
۷ǿûӵйˣ֪ǿ󣬶۷ǿҲֻˣ֪ǿˡ
ˣԷܷ֮ٴγΪ״۷ˡ
ߺϺȻǿİɫâߺ꺣֮Уɫ֮Ҳڸߺ֮ͷųҫ۵Ĺâ͸ߺ壬ɢȥ
ߺ˵͸ˣ˵һŰɫâĹԴˡ
ͬһС̫һ㣬ڿҫţɢԼĹâ
ǹâޱȵҫۣҲޱȵĺ䣬Ǳҫϵһʣ棬ε̫춼ˡ
ܷ֮ǿ⼫µĲ֮ҫ£˲۳˺ȻͣڰУǰ粽
ǰɫܷ֮ȥһ˲͵ǰɫĹâҫϣϿʼ˺
㺮ܷ֮Χסܷ֮ں֮ɪɪоʱˡ
Լ·Ҳһ㣬ܾöûгܵζˣԴΪԺ󣬺ܾúܾˡ
ǣڸߺǰٴγ˱ζ嶼ʼľˣ·Լˡ
ߺİȻǿ󣬵κζԷΪʵ̫ǿˣ¾ѿˣʼѣƬȥ
漴ܷ֮ҲˣϴڵĲ֮壬ϵɺס壬Ȼٴѡ

ܶʼʮ֮󣬵֮ʧʱ˶ʼɪɪҲ
ֻȫתҪĸоұ˫ۣҪ꺣֮УڸߺǿĲ֮Ժ֮С

ߺУĽݼҵͽȥ
Ǹʹù»˿ɲˣѸٵߺǿѹָ⴩˹
δˣûʹԼİ壬ǿɵġ
ɢʮʽð壬ֻʩչǰѧ
õһצɢ˼ǣһʩչǿ˺ꡣ
ָƿռ䣬ٵߺǰ֮ռ֮м˲ͳϸѷ죬һֱӸոǸط˸ߺǰ
ǣߺȻһԱ˲͵ǰ
ڡ
Ǳһצľ֮£ȻٵıƬĸߺҲűƬ
һ˲䣬֪ԼĴ˸ߺǴ˸ߺķ
ܵʱ򣬹һߣߺĽݼҵͽȥ
һɱ㣬Ұֵ㣡ߺĶ˵תһ˷ȥ
Һ֪ĳƺʲôҰɣж˵ţߺȭϴȥ
ûʲôǸҲθߺڲʩչܹİ塣
ټϣЩУߵģ˲İ壬ͨǺ߶һĶ֡
Լİʮֵ⣬ţʹߺĿҲûа취סԼİ
ó
ûĪʵĻȻʩչԼİ塣
ĿԲĿͷųĴĿռĻ
ߺ¶һ˿΢ЦⲻǻѣĿ֮ˣ뷨ǲΪҵİûа취סĿ⣬ˣ
һڶͷλãȻһֻۣ۵֮ͫУźڰɫâڲϵת
һǰɫģͫǺɫģһǺɫģͫǰɫġ
ۣ֮ڸߺΪͻƣֻҪʩչþ֮ʩչһЩ򵥵ĹҲû¡
ǣߺΪļ򵥵İ幥˵ȫǿŵˡ
ڰɫĹâоţӸߺ֮мŶԷĿȥ
ڰɫĹâ˲ͽԷǳĿסˣȻĿ֮ĿڸߺĿĹ֮£˲ѡ
ڰɫĿȥƲɿĽ뵽Ŀ֮С
Ŀ֮ʹĺٴ˫۵ʱбɫâҫһö飬Ѿȫıˣһö飬ǳ׵ʧˡ
ĳͷߺ΢΢⻹Ҫ
ԭĿ֮ЩǺӾ棬Ϊˣأǻ
ֹˣܹѹԵѹƵˣǼǿһбеС
ǣǲˣҲͨ߿ϼ
ȻĿƣϸߺʩչģɱܷ֮ˡ
ڰɫİ壬ڶԷ֮Уศɣԡ
Ǻɫİ壬˶Է۾֮УȻǿ˺ܶ౶
ҲǸߺʩչɫԭ򣬺ɫı֮壬Ǽ̳ˮ֮
ˮļԣֵ쾡¡
ԣɫĲ֮壬Ҳǳǿ
Ǳʲ֮ǿ϶౶ĶɣԼ
ڸߺĻ꺣֮УҪɫĲ֮忴Ƚǿȴһ㶼ȰɫĲ֮
ɫ֮壬ںɫ£Ҳɢ£Ҫѹסɫİ塣
߾Ŀ֮չ˼սûսĵط˼᲻ɴݵĺ
أĿ֮Ȼˣʧ
ֽȻڸߺ֮⣬ȴҲڸߺ֮С
ߺûĪҵˣתʣĽݼͽȥ
㡭ν躣֮˰ɣ
ԸߺѯʣԷǲ䲻ͬ׳Ĵһ䣬Ȼɺɫ
㲻Ȼô򶨣Ҳ˵ʹ޵ľЩ޳СˣԣԲˣ
ߺԽ˵ɫ֮ԽǺ䣬ֱ˪䵽˼¡
ҲûŹңΪǿĵطͲʲô壬Ϊ


463 ֮
⵹øߺ΢΢Ĳ죬ûԣ֮л߲С
ʱ򣬺Ǳߵܷ֮ҲӺ

ܷ֮֮۾֮Ҳϵתڻ꺣֮Щ뵽֮壬ҿΪǿ󣬻꺣ҲޱȵĿ㣬֮Ȼǿ޷һӽ
ԣԷҲǳɹĽߺĲ֮֮Ĵ֮ˣƬƬɫѩܷ֮ͷзɳ
ЩѩɢŰɫĹâǸߺİɫ֮壬ߺҲ֪ԼһȻܹסԷǾԲܳ׵Ľ֮ס
ϾԷΪǣȻǿ󣬵ȴ޷Է׵Ĵݻٵ
ǿ壬Ϊܹܵ£ſʩչ
ͬڸߺԲҽڰɫʩչ£ְڸߺĻ꺣Уศɣлơ
ǸߺóóȻʩչĻͻڸߺĻ꺣֮бըߺĻ꺣ûа취סɫǿٴγɳҪ˵мҵײˡ
ܷ֮ȻˣǣҲ䱯֮
ΪߺûзŹܷ֮һ֣һ۵İɫ֮壬ٴΰסԷ
Ȼܷ֮ܲҵٴֹ֮С
ʲôأߺܷǸСùٴεıסȻת躣֮
躣֮ǿ죬ȷʲô壬ɽͬһ
һʩչߺܸоԷǿʲôͬһ㣬һ˸߹һˣһбһǿ
ߺ֧Ųסҿʩչ˲֮壬ܿĵֿס
ȥǳ֮ƣΪԷԼʩչԽǿ󣬸ߺѾһ֧Ųסˡ
о͸Ƶãǿѹʹޱȡ
ȥǰ취뽫ҵһֱѹֵͷųˣţߺ㰵¶ġ
۾Ȼ˺ɫģɫĹâͷų
ߺΪһ֮ߣڰ֮Դڰ֮ͷųеĹ磬κʶûˡ
ڼʩչǺɫĲ֮壬һֱѹֵĶ
ΪһͷųߺԼƲס
ɫ벽ͬȼĶͲ࣬οİ廹ǰ˲
ҲǻȪǼʩչְ壬ߺ֪ᷢʲô顣
ǣȴûа취ˣ⿿ɫĲ֮壬ѾȻǶԷĶˣֻܱ
ԣߺ֮£ֻʩչԼĺɫ֮塣
ɫĹâ˲䱩ǣЩ֮󣬸ǱǣߺоԼ꺣֮еĺɫۿɼٶȿٵıС
ΪЩȻҪСǣɵķΧԽҪİҲԽࡣ
ߺоԼ궼Ҫ֮ˣҵʹд̼Ÿߺ壬ߺûа취ܡ

ŭ˻ӸߺĻ꺣֮бǸߺķߺ
ߺĺɫ꣬ٵڻ꺣֮Сߺɫ֮壬ٵܵһС
ǸߺҪԸ躣֮ˣıС
躣֮ӵеʵ̫ǿˣߺĺɫ֮ǿҲûа취һξͽ֮ɵ
ȻƷһ֣ǣ̫ͬӴҲӰɫ֮ɡ
Ǻڰֹͣķɢǽ躣֮ڴƶ
ԭ躣֮ԼǿΪֿܹǣֽģԼȻ޷Լˡ
ԼǺڰĴͬˣΪеĴڡ
ߺ಻ܣоԼɫͿҪ
ʱڸߺĺɫʧ꺣̳˺ܶУɫæԼİɫҫߺꡣ
۸ߺôƣ·Ҫ׵Ľڰ꣬Ȼ
ڸߺĺɫҪʧʱ򣬰ɫҲԼͳһ
ɫȻӦ˰ɫı仯ӲжǺɫ֮ϵ
סԼٻ꺣֮нʣһطͬһֻ˵ǣڰɳԼ˿ڣȵʱ죬ڽй
ߺڷβ躣֮Լ꺣ΣҲʱˡ
û˺ɫķ裬ɫԵºͶˡ
ߺ۾躣֮ȥڵ躣֮ȴû壬ֻʣһ˿ˣɫĺΧš
ߺĺһĺհһԼҪʧȥɫˣ
Ȼɫ׿ƣǿҲӹɣȵԼΪɳһֵز꺣Ҳɳ̵һ̶ֳϡ
ߺûбҪôηηβˣֻҪ꺣ǿˣƿҲǿܶ౶ʱɫǿĹ

ߺܿȥʱ˶أֱ̫ǿˡ
ħ֮ͽĹ֮Ȼ̣ĪҵУһɢŽˡ
ߺܹ׵ĸоԷ֮ϵ֮⡣
磬ɵ˰ɣǻһ㣬ɾɱҲɱɾߺɫȻ˵
ԴϴڵĿУ֪ɵ뷨Щαƣʵ񶾵αӳ˲мڷС
ɵ뽣аħΪЩ֮ˣѩޣǸԳ뽣
ߺҲʮֵĲ죺뽣ֵǺأȡãôţ֣𣿡
ƿСһʱ֮ҽеѪ֮֮Ƕλһ֮
˵ţ뽣ȻĪҵļ֮հһݡ
ȻոտߺʵЩɵǣҪץסߺȻλæ
ãҽͰһĪʶ˵
ȻĪʴæˣΪҵļҲܶˡ
ҲֽСֵܵĸУնŸߺ΢΢ЦЦ˵
׶ʮֵƮݣֲý֮
ðǵĸҲ˽һأǾ԰ɣǵʵǿ㣬ҵİʤһ
ߺû˿ڱղеˡ
꺣֮еˣںܶѾʼʩչˡ
뽣һһУûȸߺӦһߺ
ǽոգͻһޱȸʵľɽߺѹ
ɽ֮£ĽɵģϢǸߺѹ棬ͻΪࡣ
֮ߺһ֣һޱȴ۵ĹâӸߺбȥ
ڸߺҲڿʼʩչˣǺɽ֮ϲϵضᣬȻ飬ĽȻƵˡ
СѣУ֮Ӱ˲ڸߺߡ
ֻжûߺ˦һ۵İ塣
֮
ߺпʼ˰ɫѩľУҲٵѩ䵽յϣվȻסˡ
˶͸ߺΣߺ΢ЦĪʡ


464 Ҫ
ô˧ӰǵһɣôҿɲڿªˣһҲ룡ߺ¶õ΢ЦŶĪʡ
ĪûбߺĻŭǵЦţСӣеҲòϣҼУʵǿСֻϧ㡫Īˣ
ߺҲڲ˵Цɫ˵
ҵ󣬶Ϊƾǵʵûа취סңûнɱĿܣ
ţ
ԴʵΪٹʮ꣬㽫ᱻҳ׵Ĳڽ£Ҳڶˣ

ߺԵĶԻһ亹
һǿʯۣһŵߣ˵˭ʤ
ΪҵѣΪ֪֮ܺ󣬻ܰȻ뿪ĪʵЦһߺ
ߺ΢΢һЦͬԷǣǲΪԼܹȻ뿪ͬģҲΪǸ˻㣡
˵߲꣬ٷϻѾ˵ˣѾҲû˵ıҪˡ
ĪһһѪɫߺȥƽȴ̺ǿٶȷǳĿ졣
ߺǣߺ󣬺ȻͣסˣһƬƬѪɫĿռڸߺĺγɡ
ȥģߺ֪ѪɫռĿֲһҲҷɣʩչ˾֮
Ѫɫռ˲ǣٶˡ
ǣߺתʱĪȴڸߺǰʽѾһˣ
ǣߺûлæٺЦѾһˣôȷ
˵ţߺͷϵֻ۽С
ۣ֮þ
ߺ֮еΣѾˣȻܹʩչþˡ
һޱȴ۵ѩ״ĹٴӸߺ֮мŶԷȥ
Ǵ۵ĹâǸоĪʾ͸оԼ΢΢ĺʹҪ˵֮䵽ˡ
ĪʰޣʲôȻǿĪԾȻѱ飬ǻţһŹ
һţһʩչԲߡ
һ͸ӣȻǰߺĲþֿӵ档
ĪѾȫľԼ֮ѪߺĲþȻǣɱص档
ȻѪǸߺĲþǿܹģǣߺ˰벽ĵȼϣ֮ͷųҲǿ
ǡ
Ѫķ֣ȻѺۡ
ߺĲþջûܹƵԷ֣ɢڷ֮⡣
ԷҲʧˣĪɫѪȻǿ󣬵ǣһʩչĴҲƵģʩչġ
ܹƵʩչԺ;磬˵޵УЩ˺ˡ
ǿԿȽڵˣǻҪǿϺܶ౶ϧǣȽȽǣ뱻ɱҵˣ
Īʵ˵ûһ˿š
ʼĺˣ˵һطʱͣˡ
ߺоȣ˾ٵʲô˼ǣܵʱڸоľˡ
ħ󣡡ߺѿڶ
ĪʲĿ˸ߺһۣ벻Ȼ֪󷨣Ǿ͸㲻ˣֻҪͿˣ

ߺӵ֮Ϣ֮Уõ˺ܶõϢ
ħĽܣ֮һжҲнܡ
󷨣һַվڲͬλϣԼͬԴﵽǿС
ħ󣬾ǿߣԼλվλϣλõվֻҪ߹ǿ󣬾ܹ֮
֮þǣͬλõ˵ںӳںԵС
û뵽㻹ǿңôԺ;߾Ȼ󷨹ңѵͲ߳Ц𣿡
ߺһ߰ĺˣһ߶ǳЦ
˭ЦʷǱʤ˵ģֻҪˣ˭֪أ
Щ˸ոԱ߲ûţζԸߺ
ոչߺ뽣б֮Ѿ֮ˡ
ով֮ģһա
Ѫ𣿡ߺĶ˵
յĵ˵ͷû뵽㻹֣ȻԾԱңѪǽѿǣأ
ߺ˵ͷԵĸ̾ǾΪܹסңɱң
Ծ֪ˣħ
Īһ£е߶ʼͷųԼЩۼһγһɿԻص
̫һ֣֮£ʼ΢Ĳһֿʼ̮
Щ뵽ߺķΧ֮УٵĽߺΧСȻ󲻶ϵؿʼΧŸߺתȦ
ÿתһȦߺ͸оԼ֮еһ֣Ҳһ֡
ߺľ񶼸ήһ֣ߺľ֮ǿֲĽ
֮
ߺʩչһ֮ǣǺûнЩͱȫĥˡ
ıĩٴαĥߺûзӦͳʧڿռУߺնûʱ䡣
ߺ΢΢𣺡ĴڣûоĶ
˵ţҪƵ󷨣ȴҡҡλεһˡ
ߺԭǺ⣬Ϊеأ漴һ¶ļ¶֤ͬԴĴڡ
ˣˣٷҪˣ˵ȥΪãһۿС˳
ߺȻͷʲô
˱˵һ顣
첻ңˣˣû뵽ڵˣԲλҲˣߺЦ˵
Īʶڸߺķȴǲмڹˣ˵СӣҲ̫˰ɣڱأ
Ǿ͹ƣߺ˫ۺȻѪ죬ǿײȥ
ͬʱ֮УþͷųǺıȻǿĥһֹͣһ¡
ЩǺӾߺǿޱȣ˲䣬ٴתߺĺҲѸٵ
вþȻǿ󣬵ǻûа취ô߱⣬ڶԷİѾԺˣͬǰ벽ĵزȴȸߺŰ벽ǿࡣ
ϵؽŸߺĲþգߺĲþʧˡ
Щʼĥߺ壬ģߺЩĥУ˫ʧȻ˫ۣͷ­ֻʣһ塣
Щ˼ͬʱͣסԼʮֵĬȻ߷Ҫߺץס
ǾͿߺ֪֮꣬ܣֻҪ֮ߺһɵǵͻɳǺ۷壬ߵľ綼ʲô¡
ǣôѰңûа취Ѱҵߺ꣬˵ȴдиߺİ塣


465 ջشׯ
ãǷ뵽ģ˵ӰڵţͬӰһзսڷӦʱ򣬸ߺ֮ˡ
ԭߺ֪ħǿ󣬵ǣͬҲ֮У֪ħı
ո˵жﾡƣҲ˵ûʲôġ
ĴڣҲһߺ䱡˳ȥһ
ڸߺѾǰ벽ĵزҪһҲʲô¡
Ҫôʱ䣬ֻ걾ԴҪķһЩ
ֱϸߺ⣬ԼһЩڻ꺣Ͱȫһ֡
м䣬Ǹոߺķڲ֮壬ٴԼ壬ߺµٴγɡ
λԵټˣţǵԵһֹڴˣһǵģ˵ţٵͣǱ߸ոܷ֮ٴηȥ
ܷ֮ոսߺ꺣֮еĲ֮Ƶǣոյǰһٴν뵽Ժ
ܷ֮ٴαˣٴ֮Ĳֻ֮УڵҪˡ
ʲô°סߺ֮˵ڿɺã˼һٶĽ֮סΧսԼһζûвμӡ
һֱ֮жȹң⻹ԼĽݼ˳ȥֻһˡ
ұԼ񣬾֪Լܳɹ
ĪҶԸϾԷĽݼңгһգ浽Ըⷴѵĳ̶ȣͬԷǡ
춼ûҵ֮ˣֻȥĵطˣܷ֮һԼ֮еİ壬һ߰뵽

ߺǸطɳȥеָо˲ã㿴Լ֮һ
ǰߺǵôֻǳһصľ磬ڣ󣬴Ѿǳˡ
Ҫߺʵйأ׻˵һ˵õȮ죬ߺ굽˰벽ĵز֮еӣȻҲá
ߺʱǵΪҲ׷׸Բô죬˵ڰ֮еЩҲ׷ԼΪ
ֻ֮ǰʵߣֻ˺۷徳磬д󲿷ѾΪߡ
ߣΪģѾ˵˵ļ𣬸۵߱ޡ
ڴ˵ʵߺûйѯʣվǰ
ߺ֮󣬴£²μˡ
ߺĶһո˵ʲôٸظһ飡
ĸм꣬ڸеδʹ˴˵ԼͿˣԱ˾Ѱˣ˻ȥ
˽Ե˵һ飬ߺ˵ͷϲɫ˵Ŀʵ
ҲǸߺ̫˷ܣȻʳ˴˻Ҫ֪ȫıߺˣôƭߺأ
ôƭˣµĻʵ˻̿֡æ
ߺνĻ˻֣ɣո̫˷ܣںͿˣ㣬Ǹ

˵ţߺһ£ո˴ң˵ҵҵλֿѣȥĽݼҪ˰ɣǵֽڣ죬죡
ոոߺߵʱĽݿ޴лѵһˣҸ˸ߺĽݼҵ顣
ߺ֮ǰ춼ˣο˵һ
ȥ֮󣬽޵ȰúãͻĴ춼е֮ȫΪá
Ҫ֪ǼƷĺö˲ǿı̾ϢĴڡ
οֻһ˲ôǿĲ֪ǿʲôزأߺаڴ
ΪڴĵȻԼĶӼԸߺֱõϢ
Ը֮󣬸ߺȲǸׯٶȿ쵽˼£걾Դû޸
˵Ҫָ걾ԴҲðջȪˣΪȪѾյˡ
֮еǱȻȪĺҪߵĴڣȻҲлȪĹܣ޲걾Դ
ڼٷеĹУߺҲڰ޲Լ걾Դ
ڸߺٶѾ쵽һ£ټڸߺһ·ϸûϢֻ㵽Ǹׯ
ݲ߼ķУߺȴûһ˿ƣͣеֻǼ
޺ӣصڤ룬ߺڵΪȣٴڤԱߣоеڲͬ
вԼϤĸоҸбǿϢֻӵģǱʲô
·صĴڣִе߽ȥ֮걻ѹֵıԴڡ
ߺûȥ̽ˣǿٵԼǸҵԱߡ
ܣʮվǰһ͸ߺһģһվǣǸߺķ
һɫӰӣǿٵķɵߺļϡ
³ԣˣˣ
С󣬾ûСʵѾڵľ磬ܹˡ
ߺϲСͷû뵽ôȥܹ˵ֱˣ
μ𣡹ϲΪߺһ˵
Щߣ׷׹£μˣ
ߺһ֣ǸоԼ岻ܿƵֱ
ʦ𣡡Ľƺ⼸ڸߺĽ̵֮£ΪٵȻǺ龳ˡ
ǣʵʩչĻǲ绯۷徳ߡ
ֿԽսߣһоͿ
ǣԸߺǲֻҪ֮ˮ֮ô
ˮ֮⣬ߺڲΪˮ֮ĴڣԼĺôûеġ
ҲǧܶˮʵĶΪûκκôʣԱ
ЩǿߣͬߺһҪǽˮ֮ʱ죬ҪǲС
֮ûһԸⳢˮ֮ԣˮ֮ûľ
ߺ常ͷǲվڸߺԶߵĳ
ߺߵʱٵĵҩͷûۻëսӲʣ֮ǰëʧһɶ
ǲŮ޸˱Ϊ꣬Ҳ統⹫ˡ
ߺ峤ڣҲǰڼ֣֮峤֮λǴԼŮ
ǽߺķɸߺڸߺķͣЩš
ǣɲˣʵǰԼ۾ˡ
常ߺͷߣһݡ
˵ʵڵģǳлͷҲôٴҵ֮ͻƵľ硣
һжǰϢϢأȢޣûг㲻ܵﶫ춼ܴﵽڵ־硣
ڵôˣߺʵ
ߺߣ˵ĸ׼ҲȷȻ˵ҪٽӲ̥ˣ


466 
ĻոأϺȻɫ䣬ûҳģһĹâ˸ƿռ䡣
֮ϣ˺ܶشѡ
ߺһ֪Լĺʲôᣬ塣
ܵһж·Ǹߺ֪е֮ĴбȡߺԭǸ֮гȥ

ߺһţһɺ˳Ľŵף˷ȥ
ѿĴ˲䲻ţǱһ̬ˣЩ֮ôиûа취ٴ
ߺ֪Լĺһ壬ȥׯȻסˣԼĺҲһӪ
ߺа취һӣƾճԭأЩ֮֮УʣС
ЩߵĻִҲһô򵥵ġ
ӦϽ׵ıУʦ۷徳磬ǺӾв٣ȻҲٶˡ
֮ϣƮ֮ЩЩеľһ뿪ЩУЩоͬıǧʴһ㣬ˡ
ߺ⣬Ϊ˸ԼõӪҲΪ˲ƻ˵أߺҪðһΡ
Զӣȼһ죬ȥȥͻأ
ȻߺĻոպ֮꣬е̵˲仺ֻ࣬Ǹʶȥ
ߺ⣬ĵ˵ͷ弸˲ʧԭء

۹ĻʹԴǴϳһ֮󣬻ʵ۵ϰԺȻı䡣
ԭʵǺٽӽŮɫģǣϴι䣬ȻʼѡŮ˵Ҫ󹬡
Ҳ֣ڤ̰ͼΪĿ꣬ԲŽġ
ϣոڵŮ˶꣬ĸʱкȻ˱ǿϢ
ʲôѵôȥˣֻˣûȥĲ簡Ļָٴλָ۷壬Ϊ˾ߣֻ걾Դûлָ
ûиߺôǿֻܿʱۻĻָ걾Դˡ
ǣȴûȥҸߺķ򣬲ûҡЩ꣬Լȫ֮󣬱Ҫһ
ҵߺԼһѲ˱ˣ˵Լ궼Ӳˡ
ǣܵζҪѵϤϢ֪Լڽˡ
ľ֪ܸоеıңȻ˲ݻ㣬ͬʶ䵭ӿеĴ
ڤһ£ôδԷʵǰȻѾ˵˼ˡ
ңԱ߻м۷徳ߡ
ûģǸߺˣǸߺǲ˼ºǰҪ
ڵ۹ߺûʲôɵˣȫֻǿǵ޵ĸܣ˵ͳˡ
κӵĳҪߺһ˲뵽
۹۹֮еıУ۹ԼûʲôޣԸߺȾԼķżǰҪ
ڤڸͲڸߺĿǷΧ֮ڡ
Լȥ˳ȣѯʣں˲֪
Դ۹ĸȥϢû೤ʱ䣬󣬸ǼǿԼĽĲҪһȡҵĵλ
һʱҲе˶֪ˣȫҵĴڣǱȻҸһĴڡ
ھֻ֪ƽҲ֪˳ȵĴڡ
ҲԼͷˣȻôøߺ֪˶Է֮أȻڤ벢̫Զ˳޺Ӷ£ͿҵԷĴڡ
ȽνϲˬϴЦݡ
Ͼڵĳ۹ĵһ˳ңңԶԶ¡
ֻǲ֪ǣĽȵڱȥȻ˺ܶǰݷãŵӶȻࡣ
ҲͬǴ֣֮ߺ׾ҵǵ֮
ǵˣˣã㻹ӭߺڰе˵
ǣȴ֮ͬڶġ
ǵڸԼʦ̸ֵ֮ķչէŴԣЩԡ
⼸ȵνһµĽ׶Σûĸ߸Ҳ簡
ԣڸߺĻҲûʲôӦĵӻģȵˣԼٳȥҲ١
ǵ𣿡׵λϣһ긾ˣȻ˫ǵ˰
˸оȴܹоߺǿƵѹȸУЩ
Ϊʦ磬ڳ֮ڣһָĸ֣Լǵڶû˸ҳǵһ
ǳȵ֧ĻҲûиӡ
ҲУվ˵㣬ЩҲ֪ģԴϴڤ롭
˵ȻͣסˣѾߺϢòˣԸոһʱ侹Ȼûио
ǣڤһУΪ̵ľǸߺǲСǿ
𣬸ո˵⣬Ҳ̷Ӧˡ
СӣһСǿҷ֮أ޺޵˵
˵ţתҪȥ
ǣȴϱǸ긾˸ֹˣ긾˷ǳƯʱһҲǱ߻ʹڣҲǷ̴档
ЦһСװף㻹Ķ֣Ҫˣȥأɣ
˵꣬Ӱʧԭأȥ
ȵ긾Ӱȫʧʱ򣬰ɫȻúѿ
ո긾˵ĻеĴʹ
ǰԼ˻ʱɸڳɽȻ֮󣬱Լ˵ĿУϡˡ
ļҹҹϸ裬ʹļ尾֮С
ȻŮǳҲ꣬ǰȴô
ŮǰڵĽֻⳤΪߵˡ
һŮԴ˭Ҳ֪˾ɷļˣȵԼĺ󹬣ῡӣɡ
ŮӿᣬʵѾ꣬ͲǰеĲˡ
ΪһôҲûа취ܹϴ˵ĹϵҹҹлɽóȵԴ
ʵջûа취ֿġ

С磬ߺÿΰʹ£ҵĻʺ˵һ
ߺ֮Ǻĵ˫֮Уһ⡣
ߺģʵ̫ˣߣǿǣӢӣֱղܡ
ڳһʮ˵ƣڸߺǰɦŪˡ
ߺӶ˵Ӵ˴ǰûб飬㽫ǳеıȫгٽնɱҾͿǳһΣȻĻԸ
䵭вһ˿ĸ顣


467 콵
ô֪ˣˣΪ㣬һὫɱģֻҪӦ˫˫ɣԶңôŮӽЦ
ߺޱĿŶԷŮӣԷ˵˻ߺʲô˼ˣŮһȾ
ŮӾȻôŵƽʱʱһϹˡ
ֲɹ֮أҶһ붼ԺϿ콫ȫߺٸѿˡ
С磬αءĻû˵꣬ߺͳˣϱ۵İɫâҫȡ
֮ڣ̿ʼɺǰɫ۵ĺӴ˵ϵʱЩ˿ʼĸá

һӹЩ˼ȫѪˮʧϡ
תǸŮߣȻˣǣȴʣǿ֧š
ʲôȻôǿΪʲôҪǳԣǸŮʹ࣬ѵ˵
ߺĿһۣûʲôֻҪǵı߶߶ģǲϸң
һƭˣʵôǿֻҪô򵥣ҪɱǵҲҪһģЩ׵ǣ
ߺͷߣԭϼһΪԼɱǣĲ֪Լұġ
֪Ļ᲻ûŸߺ˵Ļܺ󲻺ڣڵûлˡ
ߺûٴλشĻûشѾشˣԼҲûбҪöԷš
ߺĻӳһǸʴ֮ټһŮӵӰ˲ʹӸߺʧˡ
ߺ˵Щųȵĺ仯ɺٴν뵽ߺ֮С
ߺһĶӳ֮пʼߺĵط
ա
ߺüĵλãһ˸Ȼһٲ㱦ϣƯתš
Щȫ֮зȥȴһ㱦ڹѺڻߣЩ۳һߣȥ
ΪǵĶټѹΣƸͬСɡ
ڵʯԸߺ˵һֶѣָн׵ĶԸߺƷһ㡣
Ǹ߽׵ģߺһöûУֻн׶Ľָ
߽׵ĽָԸߺݳƷЩ֮УֻдӵܣǼ塣
ǵĵӲʸʣľһЩˣǵܹסԼĴָ
ڸߺڴָǲôҪˣΪһ˲ȫܹ档
˲ǺöȻãڻ꺣֮Уһ㶼±˷֣ߺһǣȵĶһߵ˵
ȵĶʵǷǳķḻ˲һʱŽ֮ȫոɾ
ߺѹκĳȿޱȣҵĴŶˣ˵ʲôʲôҩ֮ˣЩ췿ݵĺòϣߺյŰ˲֮ˡ
ЩŪˣߺĵ˵ͷⳤЩȷеףЩӦùҵıˣ
˵ţתʧڿУֻ³ȵһƬк

ߺصסʱѾѷ˺ܶУԱ߿ű֮еһ㣬֮гȥ
ߺ֮󣬺ԥһ֣˲ڿУɽһı׹ȥ
ߺһƬƬķУǱǰһķݷõġ
һƬƬ֮ѸٵĴЩ֮зɳЩʧȥ֮ıУѸٵķ绯ˣֻҪһǱоͻɢ
Щ֮ƮڿУÿǸҪյʱЩ֮ͻϺܶࡣ
ߺϵشӰ˲ȡУЩյ֮Ŀ֮С
ͷϰʹеȴˣҪ˵ĽţŸͷϱ˵ڶû˸ϵһ
ǣ޲ˣΪĺӾȻԼƳӡ
ңƽӽľ飬˵ûá
ǸӾȻͲǾſ֮еһ
Ǿ֮ǣͷϱ֪֪֮ǹϢоʮֵֻҪһ˿¾ͻ˲䱻ơ
Լҵв˵֪϶ٱǣƫƫ뵽۶֮еʱȴûʲô顣
ߺ治ϵش֣ĵȴţôûãǼˣ
˵ţ˳ۿһѾһЩϵ֮ʧˣһӣƯ֮ٴν´Ƭı
ˣҪ̫ˣСүһƽģԱߵһ˹˵
Ȼиߺ뷨ûĸ飬ߺôҲֻǵһЦͷһΪ˸ôҲԭģ
ߺ֪ǱӣԼҲһ˵һģһĻ
ȻԼûǣԼûע飬ֻ걾ԴеҲֻԼıܶѡ
ߺûˣֻǽĿ棬а棺һҪɹһҪƽ
ǸߺԴӳһΪһΣʹΣΣʱûô
ڣе֮ǸӷˣǸ֮дͷϰľ
Ǽ˹һ㣬ޱȵĳԾ
ߺ˲ôˣôˣʲôˣ
ţһӵЦЦͬһ࣬͸¶ޱȵϲã񡭡
ߺŶ룬ǰ龰Ҳסˡ
ֻڵһԼĺӣֱЦ
ǺӷཱུģʮֵĿɰҪǣǽɫͷнɫͫס
ߺ˴ûнɫ۾ͫװߺǰɫͷɫߺɫͫס
ǰȴǽɫģЦ
ߺ㶵ĿһȻָڴϷ㶵ޣ˭
޸ո꺢ӣҲޱȵ˵ϣҲǴŵľȡ
ӡôô󣡡Ҳǲ֪ôӣճĺʲôģȻ֪
оԼԴһѣΣȻԸߺ˵ǵĺ
ҿûȸߺ²ۣС˵ˡ
ûѵϵҵĺɣĺɣģ
ߺһΣҵĺӣǡ
ӵȷûдڸдʱһģһġ
ҽʲô֣ǷཱུСߺǰҡҷŸߺ½ǡ
һѪĸоӿϸߺͷ֪⺢ӵȷԼĶӡ
ԭΪԼĺа꣬Ѿ˳ԳԾˡ
û뵽Ծȴ˺棬֮󣬿ԱܣٶȲ֪ÿЦȫǳ˸ߺ֮⡣
漴ߺѿͣһѽӱ𣬹ЦúúãҶȻƽͽɣΣ룬ҵı
ڸߺĻпֱЦֻɰСĴţҽлл


468 ̽ڤ
裬ҽֵÿ֮䱼ܣ˵޵ĻС
Ȼոշ䣬ǣϾһߣ꣬ȻΪ˵
οѾǳ־ߡ
ڵΪѾף簮ıȻƽĺӲһǺӿϵⰡ
οԼ໳˾ĺأ
裬Һö̧ԼɰĶ˵
һ£Ȼ΢Цĵι㣡ӱϾǺӣô仯ԭʼĸо޷ıġ
ι̵ʱȻԣ裬Ҫ⣡
˶סˣԵĿοڻСܳⰡٳһЩɣ
ߺҲŰοǣĻױҭ
Сʱ˵ǳʱ򣬷ǳܣң˵⻹Ǻ;һԵģ𣿡ɰС˵
ߺˣСС󡭡С󣿡
˺ܶǶûСػͷȥŷ֣СѾӰ
Сţаû뵽Сô£ϳԳ˾ƣĸ˯ţ˼䣬סˣˣҪ֪ɱң
ܵķڤڵķ
洫ߺıСǸҵţҲŹǵġ
ߺĻСһ£Ųɵüӿ˼֡
ٶٿ죬Ҳϲϸߺߺ׷ŭĿӣС»ʲôûˣ
СЦٺ٣ˣҽͰʵȫҰԣǲܹҲǣСģҪ̸ģ
ߺɫ䣬ǰţеĺðһʽҪҪԣ
˰ɣ֪һǿ󣬴ʽһǾأ񰡣
һеֽɲǹ⻪һûõԵأҪҪһƷ

󣬱㴫С
СϾǺ͸ߺһɳģߺûֻ̫֣֮һܡ
Сôȥˣһ֪㵽ʲôأĴ֮йĽ𣿡
ߺС˵Ϧп֣£գۼ䣬ԼҲʮˡ
ڸߺѾǷǳǿˣ츳ȰƿȥĽ֪϶ٱ
СԼƤëҡҡͷҲ֪֮жҵΪޣǣܸоϵϢԽԽϤȷ׷ľ㡣
ߺһ˿Ц׷ҵʵҪĸǿǿ
˵ţߺתȥˣȥʱѾԱˣǳԵ⣬ͷҸոŪõġ
ĽƺģԴӻصׯ֮ЦݱҲ˺ܶ࣬ǰߺһϰߣﰤҰ֡
ߺ֪ĽƺԸֹĶǵлȥǣΪﲻʺ
ߺ̾һ˿޻к˯Ľղȥ
磡棬һŮڸߺı
ߺͷ֪˭Ǹ֣Ϊĸ
ôˣߺ΢Цعͷʵ
ٴοǰ͵ĸ磬аٸн
û£ǺǣСֶܿɰҼƤ¶ˣŤ
ߺ̾һһ꣬ϰ꣬ҲȲѣϣ㲻Ҫָң
һ漴ʲôչһЦᣬҲΪҺãοڵƤɰĺӣһԼϹѾˣ
ߺ˵ͷ֣֮
ңܿͻˣһҸ常ĸҪҪһߣߺȻʵ
ڻ춼뷨ߺͺȥˣһֱ飬Բûȥ
ߺĻŵͷסˣĬĬߵ˵
ߺ˵ͷҲԺʲôĻˡ
ͷĬһȻԳһЦˣûʲôĴ־ҲʲôٻˣȻҩ֪ܻʲôʱֻ밲֣֮꣬ȻҶѣطػһӣ̫ļ䣬̫ԸᣬƬصı仯
ߺȻи
ϣǣЦȥҶ
ԼЩأѵЩҲͬԼҪģǣߵǲտƵ۷ɡ
˵ˣ˵̬ȡ
ǰһ֣Ƿƴܴ̼
ߺ֪Լͷһˣĵ˵ͷȻҾжҵĵطһɣ
˵ţһָָǸطȻƽضһ
ǸߺıǱСߺȣģҲһģһϵϢȴô˵ĺ䡣
ֻǴŵˬĸоܷԲһ֮УȻŰɫѩ
ܣȻǧ꣬ϵԱǲǿΣֻҪǳĵ棬еͻѣǻ˺ӵǿҲֻˣǧܾ֮ͻʧ
Ǹߺܹˣƽǳ˯ȵ˳ͻӳ˯ҹСׯƽ
ǣߺȴûжż
һѾӦЩǿˣǣǺӾǿ߳ȴס
һطܱıȥʹŰ裬Ǹǻߺ֪
ôǧֻ֮Ҫߺݶǻˡ
˿лƮŵ֮ߺһ֣Ưİ˲ȥֶ֪ʲôʱõõΪá
Զڤ뿴ȥʲôܣҺ֪
˵ţͷҲصȥ
ߺоܵľɫڷٵĵˣһ˲䣬ڤ֮
ոսڤ룬һǿѹ˷ѹ
ơߺڵİǰɱȣ˫Բŭ֮ϱǿİ塣
Щѹںĵֿ֮£Ȼǰ벽
ߺ֧۷岻֮壬ȥԽɣѹԽ
ҿߺİѾ۷壬ߺɲиԽԽѹڸߺİ棬ԽܣԽǿ
һСģ֮ƵһԼϣһԼɷĩ
ߺǰߣ𽥵һԼûдﵽĵط
ǸطȴѪɫɽˣһƬɵģѹ֮ǰȴӴˡ
һֻ﷭鼮ߺͷϳһκˮѹֻǶЧ治֪Ϊʲô


469 ľ
ӣߺĸӴкֻӾڤ֮УֶĴС
ȥˣֻӺûʲô仯ֻеӽ˴٣һͼ
ͼһɲǣߺо綼ˡ
Ϊͨ죬ǽסһõģе飬Ǵʲôطģ֪һɱ
ңԶС̲סһεſڵ룺˭ѲֻӣҲǣϴθһͼ֪һѧôˡ
ߺ־ȻǷˣߺĻȻתͷŸߺٺٵɫЦгɫ
Ҳ٣ӣҪͦסǧջ󡭡ߺһˣβģ·紵
Ǻӿ˿ߺȻŻ̫ˣûа취ѧ氡
ߺ亹ֱСĸֱͨͨҲ΢΢ˣ԰ӵ಻ͬУôε࣬Ǵֱɲġ
˸Լؿڣоһ»ֹС࣬ߺͷҺܳǧʲôǷֵ뷨Ȼͬῴġ
֮ٴο򴺹ͼ̧ͷû̧ͷСӣʲô
ߺ⣬Ҳеˣ뵽ԼʵеˣЦ
ԸֱֻȶԸЩǺӾľ߶о
ɫ´˴ǰҪΪڤ֮еܣ
⣬ڲٽĿŵǱͼˣͷɱϸĿߺһˡ
СӣȰ㻹ǸϿ߰ɣ˽ǷΪػǲȥģеĴͼķ£վˡ
ߺûоʹȥһЦƫƫҪȥأ
Ǿͱǲˣ˵꣬ʹ˲ԭʧٴγֵʱѾڸߺҲˡ
кݺݵߺȥצӾĿռ׷ѣҪ֪Ҫڤ֮нռɲô׵ģֻɣͽռˡ
Ҳߺʲôת˹һѾͽӵצץס֮еӵӿȥ
ʲôôܣطûгֹںӳڤ֮УûӴ
ڤ֮ҲĴڣ֪ʲô
󣬺ӸоԼ嶼ҪˣߺĺͲܹܵġ
ӵ겻ǿ󣬸ߺûҪɱҲֻúסͷˡ
ǺӻǸ
ߵʱȻ⿪ģ˵ɣߺԭʧȥһҲֻתȴ޿κΡ
ҲǴˣ֪ԼѾǸߺˣûгǣﱻߺĺ֨֨ҽС
ǲ˸ߺͲˣҪ֪ľڤܡ
ɵߺѹߺǿĲ֮壬ٵȥ
һ۵İ׹⣬ŸߺԽܵѹҲԽԽµҲʼ
ߺѾʼԼԿˣȻĻߺпˤȥ
طǺأôγɵģûһƬɫԶԶȥʮֵʸУ·ɳһ㣬ֻǻɫƮ档
ľҲǺɫˣɫдеģʮֵïܣïܵ˿־塣
֨֨֨֨ߺĴӦţȻľϴһ̶Ħ
ߺһط죬»СЩΪ
濴ȥʱ򣬷ЩľȻʼĶ񱻷縡һ㣬ܺûʲô簡
ûһЩдеľȻҵҡҷһ̹ߺǰ
ಡ
ǲûֱӹߺڸߺǰۣһɫӰ
ǡľ飿ߺ˵飬ľ֮һľ顣
ǣ֮γʮֵĿ̣Լľ֮ԪԴԴϵһҲͣǧ꣬аٷ֮һļʲǡ
ֻвǵģſԳ飬ûܹǵģֻһ۶ǿľ֮Ԫѡ
ǣֻҪ֣֮־ͿҲľ֮ԪΪǿĴڡ
֮ͬ˵֮һʮǿľ飬֮ǿκ˶޷ġ
˵кܶǿҪ֮ռΪУ׷ױ֮ˡ
սһ֮࣬ǿ󣬶ԽսԽǿ󣬷Щǣڲϵö
ӶݵĿ죬ܾ͵óΪ֮ԭˡ

ôľأѵһжǵߺ˵
û˻߸ߺһҲֻܵȸߺԼȥѰˣƯڿУĿЩľ۳͡
ȻľǿҲǷֵȼģ֮֮ϹҲܹԡ
Щɫľ̺֮ǿľ֮ԪߺֻվԱߣһڿ͸о֮泩ޱȡ
ߺ˳ʱսûϢһأεãЩ֮УߺԼ˿˿Ļָ
ءߺţڵĺһ㡣
ŸߺļٺǻûγɵľϾȻһ˿˿ɫߺ
뵽ߺ֮Уߺһӣŷ֣Լ֮еı飬Ȼֿʼת
һ˿˿ɫ뵽Ǳ֮УʧӰ١
ߺ֣Ĳ鵽ʲôˣǰΪʱɵġ
ǣԴ޻֮֮ǰԵС˺ܶࡣ
ֿʼľ֮ԪѲĽöйϵö鵽ʲôأ
شߺһḷ̌ľ̼ޱȣźڹߺĻ꺣ȥ
ֹߺô־أֻĻӶһֱۣ屬ľ̾ͱ˲סˣǰ벽
ߺ˳ţḷ̌ĸԴȥһɫĶվڸߺĶ棬ֻôɫľͷ̵һ㣬ʮֵļ١
ңǶȻмơ
Ҳֻľ֮ˣľֻ֮ӣԽԼ˺ӡ
֮飬Ȼʮֵǿ󣬵ҲͬոճӤǵԺ֮йʲôԷô¡
ֻǹЩľ֮ˣȻĻҲɺӵ̬Լ
ľ֮һԼĹȻûЧϺȻǿľ̴֮г֣ߺϴȥ
ߺȻûиľ֮սȴ֪ǧҪЩľ̴壬ȻЩľͻͨľյ˵ѪҺ꣬ԲԼ


470 
ɲǹ⻪ߺһӣһƬĹδӸߺлӷȥľ̷ȥ
ৡѵϵɲǹ⻪ǰЩľԵôĴĹη׷г룬Щḻ̌ն˶ݡ
ľм֮УߺǺĹνľ֮и룬ߺ˫кȻ⡣
ǺƲΪǺĹָ·ǺĹٴľȥľиݣ̹⣬ͬҹеө档
ߺ֮УȻǿǸߺ֮еıڼٵתɵģߺԼûа취ơ
Щɢɫľ֮Ԫ׷׵ߺ۶鳲һ㣬ٵĽ뵽ߺ֮С
˳Ÿߺľ֮еöȥƲɵƣ뵽ߺı֮УȻٴƽ
棬ֻʣһЩƵǣɢڿУЩǣߺ֮еö鵹ûգʳҲģǼʳ

һֻľ֮󣬸ߺûʲô̫˷ܵı飬ߵĽ׶λ֣ľҲʦ۷ͲǸߺĶ֡
ߺûһ˿ͼǰˡ
һ·ϣߺľ飬Ƿ׷ױߺˣЩľ·ûжôǿͬʱڤ֮еľɵƲҲԼƷˡ
Ϊôľ飬·ûʲô仯ŸߺԽԽģѹҲԽԽ󣬻ɫҲԽŨ
ɲǹ⻪𡭡ߺһֻľ飬ոմٴǰߣǣû߳ǰĻɫȻٵۣγһ޴ӡ
ߺеһǸɫӡ
ǣӾͺеƵãߺûа취֮ϣ˻ˣҪ˵֮ˡ
ߺ㣬ӿʼ·̣ҲѾൽڤˡ
ͣסԼĽŲֻӳһȦĹΣɲǹ⻪
ˢˢৣɲǹ⻪ȻͻǿޱȣǣոͻƵЩɫλϣǻɫȻһγһ΢ЦĿ
ЩٵתߺĲǹ⻪棬ߺûа취ˡ
ôŵʲôߺĿһۣԼɲǹ⻪Ȼûá
ЩɫĿԼĿˣû˺Ŀɲǹ⻪𲻵κεá
϶ǷɵһȥˣЩɫתǿٵ˲佫֮ƣҪȻͣȻĻߺпֹܾڴˡ
ɶҾƫƫţܹң֮
˿˿ӸߺϱĻɫӱȥǻɫ֮ЩϢʼۣȻɹĽһסˡ
ǣЩɫתģֿٵܵԶǸߺ׷ȥǸطǸٴʩչߴƣȻĻûʲôá
ߺüͷ˵Щѵˡ
ߺɫһ˵Ȼ׽ȥҾƫƫҪȥȻûãǾɣһƬûãҾͽЩȫɺ
˵ţߺ۾ʼ仯Ƭѩ״Ĵۺ漤ͷԼĹ⻪
ѩϵȻһƬƬƬƬߺпʼ˰װѩ
֮ߺȻֱʩչ֮ˣǣеѩһˣߺȴû˿Ķ
ߺ侲ĺһ֪ոԼеִ̫ˡ
֮ȻܹԱ⣬ǾԱ֮ĶһֻһãǼԼ֮һֺ˲
ǣǵԼ־ûа취֮Ƶ
⾵֮ǱǺӾߣ֮£ҪһʱأԼĽߺûĽ֮ơ
ڣߺȻãԼǿȻ٣ǶԸֿ춯Ǻ١
ıԼ˫ۣĸԼ꺣֮е꣬ҪһЩǿǰⶫƵ
ߺⶫǰһվһ죬һߺʲôûɣֻվڿУû˿ƶ
һ죬ߺؼ
ģøߺһ˿ͷƣſһС͵ıϿա
űûĴ󣬳ʱԲΣԲϣб̣бŷУڸߺת
Ǳʮֵķֻת䣬ͽˡ
ߺ۾Ȼſ֣
ĵıӿȥǱڸߺѸٵı󣬲зȥ
ңʼٵתܵĿռ׷ױһԲȦһԲȦĿռѺۡ
ƬƬĿռ俪ʼ̮ܵĿռ俪ʼüΪȶ
ߺǽ֮һ˿תõУԲŻ˵ϧǣ֮йĲԣֻһ˿˿
ڸߺпⲢ磬Բֻһ˿˿ء
ǣߺԼתȴʮֵ˳֣רΪڵһ㡣
ߺЩԻ󣬵ǣȴҲ벻ףֻܵȵԺˡ
Ҫľǽǰƿ
ߺһǷ˲ʮɴСڿпٵתǸɫķ档
䡭
Ħϵ𣬴̵øߺĶĤ΢΢ʹһò
ߣ˫֣ߺٴγһ֣Ųոߺĺϵرٴα䵽ʮɴС
ŸոǸ֣ȥʼҵײһЩھֵķն֮󣬷׷ױ롣
Щɫ˳ǷֵĲʹȥˣ⣬ߺ۾Ȼһһ⡣
ʮ֣
ߺвϵɱ֣Щ֮ǰһģȻʮɴС
Ūʮ֮󣬸ߺоԼһ顣
İȻǿ󣬵ȴȡ֮֮ߵģٴ۳ʮӣԼ֮һĿ顣
ЩӣֱԲͬĽǶȣǻɫγɵķиȥ
Щ̷ִǳϵ룬Ȼĵסһֻɫ
ķϣһ󶴣ıòϿתıɵĿն
ߺѸٵĴĿն߽ȥֻʮףߺ͵һߡ
һӣЩӿٵķ˽ΧŸߺ岻ϵתתߺһǱ־ͿʼһƬƬĺ뵽ߺ֮С
УȻ˲ңȫʧ
ոոߺ֮лʣ˲һɵȴָֻɣʮҲ˸ߺĳɵѡ
һ֪Ժʲôزҵǿͬ߾һ㣬ı̭أߺϲ˵


471 ޼
ߺ̧ͷǰ濴ȥڽˣߺ֪ʲôԭڤеֱ߸ߺ𰸾С
Ĵһܣ֣ɫзԲʮȴһ־
ȻҲһƬҳģǣȴиïܵľźܶľ顣
Щľ׷׳ߺͨսߺ֣ǵʵ˲٣ɲǸߺĶ֡
Ǹߺˡ֡һУԸ͸ӵļɡ
ֻһ֣Ƿֱ㽫ľ̸ĩɢڿС
Щľ֮ǰһ׷׽뵽ߺ֮Уߺȫˡ
׼ȷ˵Ǳߺڵıȫˣߺһôûеõ䵱һ빤ߡ
ߺǺǵЦһǰҲҲٴΣн죬ҿ㣬͵ұɣ
仰ƶԱ˵ģʵǰοԼĻҪ֪ȻߺܶΣǣ˵һ
Ѿ˺ܶǿˣгһձ˵ߺѹƲס
ǣߺҪ𲻳Լ屾һ壬Լûа취

أߺԽԽˣڵĸߺоܵѹԽԽҲԽԽ
˵ڤôڤΧһӵȴõط屶ʮ棬Ѿٱˡ
ߺڱ˵һˣѡ
ߺ۵ͷ󺹣ϵزԼͷϵĺˮ۳ġ
֪Уߺǰһéݣéݲ֪ʲôɵģͨéݣôǿ̮֮ˡ
ǣéʮֵƽ·ʹƽĿռ䡣
ߺҡҡλεǷȥڵѾӽǧߺƣĵλã϶ǧ
ߺ˼ľʹ˽ȥǣոյéݵԱߣߺ֪Լˡ
ǱϾʹﵽǧߺоԼ·ʮͷֱ죬ܲסѹˡ
ߺ˲䲻ǰһˣǵͣǣһȭ·
ȡһһĽԼ֪еĽϵѵҲǿ
éΧ׷ΧڣһεĲĴڣĴڣҲ÷ǳĴ
ԴԽԽӽéݣߺ㿪ʼԽԽڣߺѾֻܸоһ˿˿ˡ
֮£嵹΢΢һЩϾѾ۷ˣ뵽Ⲩ֮Уȴ޵
ڣߺİõҲֻɶѣԸƽĳ˵ȴǴ´ˡ
ߺȴûд㾡ǰõ֣Ϊ뽫Լһ
ǾԼΪһΪĽ۷壬ʦ磬ֻҪֵزߺͿЩʦ֮µĹˡ
ңƾΪͿЩӥʲô
ǿһȴǲˣΪİǱ֮壬Ͳܼӳɡ
ȴһ㣬ǾǸߺ屾ģǰЩǸոսȪȫգԣߺĽĽ۷壬ԸӥӦǴ´ࡣ
ߺһˣţȫûһ˿ǿҲڲϵǿ
ֻǣʱ򣬸ߺڵǸصıٴηԼܵصĲϵر֮սȥ
ɲҲϵرǱսȥܵѹļᡣ
ߺɫһ䣬תʩչ˲éݿԼڵıֶ
ʧ֪
ǰʱΰߺǣȴߺš
˵صߺڵı꣬ôߺ˿ԶĻпܵĽ۷
ȻߺҪأ¶⣿Ǳߺڵıȫոɾˡ
ܵѹҲûˣֻʣé棬ɢǿĲ
ǹѹ쳤վγɵġ
ߺûУϺȻޱ䣬һ濪ʼ£ǵء
̧ͷȥߺһٵƶ
ǣԼ֪ʲôʱˣٶٴλָ˹٣˲ͳé֮ڡ
ϵĳʮ׵ĺȣϵ£ߺӦһЩȻ֣ԭЩо̺Լ
ڤžͿҪ⿪ˡ
оԼȫȫˣߺ֪Ѿ⿪ĲˣֻҪҵԴȫ⿪ˡ

ڤ棬ǲڣڤĶǳȥǣڤ֮̽յߣȻԼȫˡ
սôˣǱޱȡ
ߺ֪ΪԼһԣжٵĶɱ
Щͬһ㣬׷ɱ¾ԼǰĶЩʵǿĶȻԼǰǿޱȡ
Ǹոջܹѹƣڣȴֻܱ
Щ˷Ĵڤֻ֮̽ҪҵЩĵȫӶˣ˵Ҹһ졣
ҲӦ˸ոյĻЩﵽڤ֮⣬׷ƿǶǣͨĶﲢûʲôһ˿ûС
ͷСƽĴСеҲȫʧˡ
磬ѾٳΪˣͨͨţ֣ܺҲµˣǻָ
ˣǹصʧ֮Щı죬Ҳ֮ʧˡ
еģȻڣǣûеģԶˡ

ߺЩģϧǣԼûа취ˣܹʶһصĴڣҲò˵һοɡ
ߺ˽ȥȥ֮󣬸ߺ֣éݺƽéݵòûʲôͬΨһͬǣмĵϣһöɫԲǡ
صжģɫԲܣصĲֻڸߺ彫󲿷ָյˣʣһʮֵĴѡ
ߺҪöȥǣȻķ֣Լֿöʱ֮еȻöѹסˡ
꣬ߺϸĿһ״ӦһĲϸ룬Ȼ¶ɬ
޼ȥ뵽ģû뵽ⶫߺϳ޾Ŀɬ
޼˵Ҳȷһöǿȵ֮ĺöǣȴ֮Ȼ෴
֮ʹߵǶ꣬ŲɺԵá
޼ǵ֮֮ķϡ
Щ֮ûһ˿Ĵڣ˵ʲôϢˡ෴ģѹ
ΪЩĴڣѹϢĴڣ߶ܳȥˣЩ֮еͿʼľۼ
۳һԲǾ޼


472 ȪϢ
Ҫ˵ãҲȫȻûãǣԸߺ˵ȴûˣһкġ
޼̺˴ĵģһߣеĻǺôֱǲԶ
ǣһ˿ЩǿͻἫѹֱѹҲǽߵľѹˡ

ԣȻ˵޼ǲɶõĺöǶڸߺȴǿп޵ļߣ粻õأ
õ֮޼һ취ûС
ߺε̾һ˵Ǹôɵ̶ֳأ£ҡĲ˵ˣ
Ҳ룬Լһּ壿
˭أ˭أߺϽĴ֣ص߶ҪȴҲ᲻÷ô˽֡
ϧڶ˵ǰˣ˼ҵĿұԼԺ֮أǽף˵Լ
ߺ۾һȻǵˣǣȫǵ˰ͱ裬ĹϵͲôʱûˣ֪ѾʲôΪˣ
ߺȻ˾裬ͽԴΪѣȷһѵ顣
ǣڵĸߺΪǳǿԽǿԽ԰ԼΪȥύΪС壬ֺܱܿԷ϶Ϊͼı졣
ֻУ裬Ȼľ֪ڵʲô̶ˡ
ߺ빲ңϧԼɣߺ춼ֻе˶Сʱ򣬽Ѷʵѡ
ٺ٣͸ˣʱ΢Ҫôˣٶ׬ˣܰѣֶΪأ
ߺΪʲô뵽أΪȫһ˫ޣǣȴȫǿ塣
ʱʩչһЩطѡ
ҵ˺·ߺȻٿˣ־ö޼ȥ
ߺǲǣʵǴڲġ
֮еıǰ޼ȤСӿԼϲߡ
öڸߺĵ֮УʼתߺһɬԼûͷų˲֮սȥء
ǰɣҲҪܲܲҪЦˣ˵ģߺϿɬ˵ǣöǵĽߺĻˡ
ö޼ѸٵıһɫͬЩľһ㣬ߺĵӿȥ
һ˲䣬ߺԼ֮еѹƵ˼㣬޷ʩչҪˡ
ҿ̷ʱ䲻ǺܳߺҪʱö޼Ѿʧˡ
ߺһ߻ָԼľһ
Ҳǵģܼ⣬ʲôãƫƫǺ⣬Ǯģ˵˵ѾչֵزˣߺҲѾûа취ˡ
ö޼֮öҲȻб仯ߺģģĿһЩˡ
ԭö֮вֻкֻռеһ֡
öΪĲ֣Уռһ֣ľڶʲôûС
ңڿٵռһ֣Ժ
ոյ޼֮ˡ
ҲΪĴڣľҲʼ
ҲľЩľ϶Ϊ޼ĴڣԲγɵġ
һո񣬸ߺȻ뵽һܡ
һһǽʡ
Уˮ𣬱ˮͬԴʱһбȽӴһˣ͵ˣô
ߺľ᲻أҪԺ֤

ܵ˵ڤŽ⿪ˣȴǺܸˣΪʲôûõˡ֡Ǹߺջ˰ɡ
ǰ˱סɱԷԵñȽ࣬ңߺո򣬾ܹ죬רΪߺƵһ
ߺεéţƲߺȻ۾һ
Щҳ֮д޼ܹЩ꣬ҲһСջء
Ǹźȥǣ˺ü£žȻ˿δ
һ£ǣļûУԵЩˡ
éݵʲôƳɵģȻôļӲߺ˵ôӦӦ
ߺ̲סȥŵʱ˲оһɷǳϢߺһ
ɺǳϤǷǳϤϤио¶
Ȫ飬ûûиоŵȷǻȪϢéݷôļ򵥰ȻⷿлȪĺǣܴôȪ顣
뵽ߺǲżˣȪʵǴкôڵҲҪȪԼΪԼ꺣֮еΣ׵Ľ
ȻʱûΣǸߺܹоǺɫĿֲ񣬿µɳʱ򣬻ԼĻ꺣бս
ǻ꺣㹻̣ߺȻẦˣ˵кôء
ǣ꺣һ˵ˣǾǼΣΣա
ߺϵظӦܣҪҳһ˿
ڣøߺһǽǴҵڲͬλãЩǴͷųġ
ߺӰ˲ͳһӣеĺȫߺ֮зȥ
ЩǿߺһСӣûʲôرСӣǣߺȴЩ졣
ǺǴͷųģǣƫƫߺôʹ𣬶ûа취
ߺȫȥʱ򣬺һһӰǰ
Եˣð
ߺɫ˲ȥˣҲ٣ͶӰǾͲ𣿡
ǸЩΣЩ棬ƽһʵԴﵽͶӰ߾ˣ˵ԵˣĻأСӾȻһͷӡ
ǵȻˣߺܶͶӰˣÿһδĶǻ
磬Ҫߺ۹ϴǸϼһʲôģףȻҪԼɱʡ
ңԼҲΪ˰˲һˣȻܺãһҲ˳µĳΪĵˡ
ξȻּͶӰߺܲκ롣
ʲôҪֱ˵ɣǻۣɾͳɣɾɢߺȻͬȥһ㣬Էۡ
ԷҲȤĿŸߺ˵Ҫ㽫ö޼ա³ɣ
˵ˣΪߺһߣԶߺǣû뵽ȥʱö޼Ѿˡ
ߺƲƲۣټ˵Ҳ˵Ȼתͷߡ
ôûҪɣСֵܣ٣Сֵܣߣڻۣ
仰ߺվˣϻһͷҪҪҰ㱨ʲôģûĻۣ
ǰһѲˣ˵˵ģһ˻ɡ


473 ɻ
磬ɣһһֻҪµôܽȪ飬޼ľ飬һģҾ䣬ڵڶȻ˵
ǸӰһĿԸߺ˵ߺȴ˰֣ҪҪھ˵ȻĻʲôҪ޼㣡
˵⻰ʱ򣬸ߺҲԥΪûа취޼Լ֮ٴóˣ˵⻰ҲֻΪŻһѡ
ϣܹסԼؾͰȫһЩǣ
ڿ˵Ǹˣܶĳ鶼ԼȥټһߺԼĻˡ
˺ƢҲʮֵĺãߺô飬Ȼûһ䷴Ļߺһ˿˿Ĳ
ûѳԵͣһĻôã
˵ϣߺҲ֪ϼһﵽ˵ģǶԼ棬ֻʱˡ
ðɣ˵ڶأĶҪԼ취򿪣ȻĻڤ֮УõĶȫ黹ոյĵõľΣ
ߺװɵ㶵ʲôľ飬ż֪ǲϴˣ
վͶӰЦСӣȻϣҲû뵽ʵЩľֲõģմľϢʱһȰԹԵĽɣ
ߺΣû뵽ԣȴӥϹۣû뵽ϼһôļơ
ڵһ⣬ôѵסߺߺǺҲֻҪ֮һ£ЩͿӭжˡ
ǽ飬ӡ֮ĺ棬Ȼܹͷųǣö޼ȫĽ渲סͿȫȪϢҲµûɣ
ߺ˵תǸ뷢԰׵ϼһ
ϼһźӣҡΣͷϷֱۣССͣȻϵó޼Ҳ㲻ˣ
ߺ룺ϻֻҪ֪ö޼һͲͦѵá
޼ǵ֮һĴڣȻȫķӡסöȪˣϾˮǻȪ֮Կ¾ûôˡ
ǵڶأתͷߺ
ߺͷߣ治֪ϺͿˣ浱ɵˣڶԼոն˵ˣ㲼õľ飡
ûΪʲôҪ˵Լɵأͷ׵ʵ
ߺ˵ޣҿڵʱ̫ˣ˻ˣҲû˵Լɵ˵ϺͿˣȻѴ𰸸ҡ
ľľ޼Ĵڣý޼ϢѹסˣҽһЩˣʣµģֻʣˡ
ľԽԽǿѹ޼ԽԽ򵥣ˣû˷֣ο滹һЩİɡ
˸ߺķͷϲɫҪˣСӣСӣȻҵһвַܾ£񵱳Ա߿һ
ͷﲻϵĶ佱ߺߺһͷĺߣֱ̫ûˣԼ˵ƫƫ˵˴
ȻǱȱ˴Ǳ˵Ļôһ㿪ġ
˵˵ˣ˵ţߺŵȥ
ȵȣСӣǲһЩʲôͷӽסߺ˵
ߺͷһκˮͷӻȫմȻסոյ飬Լˮ㶼ûгɹ
عͷε˵ǰʲô鰡
ҲˣߺСӣôôˣȻЩմǣһģԶҲ
ߺ˴Ĵָġˣڶоһ¿ɺã
ߣһСʱ
ߺҹ
ߣһʱ
ߺҹ
ߣʱ
ߺ졭˵ߺûʲôȴϣԷմ
첻ˣϼһʱ䳤һЩԴеٶۡ
ʱҲ𽲼ۡ԰ʱһ찡ͷڷӦˣߺڽȦϧǣ˽ȥ
ɽߺϼһﷴӦˣæ壺ģһʱˣ
ͷ˰죺԰Сӣû߼ҹ治һһҹô˰ˣ
ߺͷй涨𣿡
Сӣˣթ
ʲôУֻҪǺУǿõΣߺһ˵ţһоеǸĺӡ
ǸϣûʲôԿ׿ףҲûʲôΣһͨͨĻӣǣȴޱȵļ̣۸ߺô򣬶ûа취֮ơ
ߺеˣ漴ߺϸоһӡ
ӴԼһƴСɻɫģǣߺЩֵǣԼǸоӣңǳϤ
ߺʼ飬Լڤ룬Ȼһĵˡ
ǺսԣûУƹ֮սӥڣӰڣɱڰˡ
ģ佥ߵߺʧȥһʱ䣬ߺġ
ԼǸǿߵʱ򣬶ûӣ˵浱峤ʱ򣬾ֻһôԣ
һЩ˶Լ𾴣һǸ峤
ԡû˵ôоô죬ԭһ֮һߴСӣ˵Ǹģߺ۾ȻһΪǸоôˡ
ڣ峤ﻹڸߺУߺţû뵽ȴ˸ߺĴæ
ߺϸķһǸӡסȪĺӣʴСɫȵ˶Աȡ
ķ֣ӵĴСɫʵصȵȣԼеǸһģһֱ˫ֵ̥ܰ
ԣ˫̥ӲŶԣϢࡣ
ߺæԼָ֮ѰһѰңһ߰Ǹϼһ
ŪʲôãôʲôأǸׯҹʹĵǸĴ峤»еأߺ
û뵽Сˣ㻹˰ͷһߵ۾Ÿߺһ߾
ߺ󣬿ʺһ䣺꣬ϼһ͵ҵ
ոջǰأ
ոҲû߰Ȼûߣֺ£ߺӦ˵
һ˼Һòãϼһ໽е
ߺȻͣס˵ˣȻһ֣ص˵Ҫ
ˣһȻﵽˣǿܲȪ֮»ˣ
ȻϼһﶴϤһУǣΪߺջȪĺöȪ飬оһʱˡ
Դס֮ûã˵һż佩ȥ̽ˡ
û뵽ڵ佩Ȼܶ඼ǲ𾳽磬Ҳǿ˳ʱѾС⴦ǸԼ׼Ĺء


474 ǿ
⻹򵥣ոջּۻۣ֪Ͳôʱˣߺ˵һǸ峤ԼС
棺ǲأû뵽ӵһ֣շתһȻ䵽ˣ
ߵĻߺףԭҲʹûֺ̫׵ı˵õԺܶǰǸׯ
Ǹׯĵһδ峤涨ഫҲ벻ߺȻʧ䣬ǵ˴峤ԿС
̧ͷ̾Ⱑ
ߺϸĿһǸ峤ֲõʱʱоЩ¶أԭȪ顣
Ǹصĺӷһڴ峤֮кȻðܶɫǸϷȥ
뵽Ǹ֮ǸϺȻ˺ܶ໨ƣЩγɵġ
Щ֮̽󣬸ߺеǸ峤ĺӣҲʧˣԭȫ뵽Ǹ֮ˡ
ûеǸӴ򿪣ߺ֮кȻֿʼߺеƳɵĺӣȻʼ߽⣬һߺ֮еı֮зȥ
ߺμˣҿû갡ǲôвУ㹻˰ڱңҾͰѺˣ
ǣߺ֪Լûа취Ϊߺ֮еǹǸƳɵĺӱֽסߺҪ˦˦
οߺҲ˦Ҫ֪иߺıȪ鰡ߺô÷أǿĶ
ߺԼ֮еıţߺޱĿһֵĿ⿴Ÿߺߡ
ڸʲôȤĿŸߺż̲סʵ
ߺûкƳһۣû£ڸ̾޳أ
ССͺøߵľ磬ô㶼޿κεأ᲻ʲôɣң㡭һֱֹ˵ʲôء
ϲ˵ߣߺͷϲ˺ߣմǲΣҩͣ
Сӣ˵ʲôأûˣȻǰߴŭ˵
ߺΣһǰӣҲһģңҶͶӰֱǼֲˣѾܶˣ
Ϸǲǿģߵ˵
ߺ´һǸͷǿǲ˵ǣҼУʵһҲմصģ
Ҫ˵ǿߺ棬ҲԼʦ֣Ҳǽܵˣ˵׷ĸʦ֣ʵΪǿˡ
ڣ˵ͶӰˣߣһǵǰһС
Ļǿѵմǿ󣿿Ц
㡭ϼһﱻؿڼٵ˵˵˭Ϸǿ
ߺ۾һת˵ڹż֮пһǿߣһָǸطԳɿռ䣬˵ǿǿ
˵֮󣬸ߺ۾ֱֱĳŶǸϼһҪϼһĿ֪Լλʦַжǿ
ǣǸ֮󣬾Ǳȵβһܣ˵ǸǸΪԶûǿߣ̫ʱ߿ԽռõزңָģڵʱҲվڶˡ
ߺһ˳˼û뵽Լλʦ־ȻǿֵزϧǶԼ˵ʲôǿ֮·Լ߳ģǱָġ
öԷ֪Ĵڣһ¹ǺǣûûϹģ
˵أСӣ̫ƻˡ

ʱ˴֮УһһĹȥˣߺе۶ɵĺӣҲʧĻȪ鶼Ѿ¶ˡ
ôδգȪ֮е˺ܶ࣬еĲͬһö΢΢Щǿʢ
ڿöȪŻɫ͵ĹâӨ͸ʮֵľӨͬһöɫıʯһ㡣
СӣͿˣܲס
ߺٺЦǿߺЦţǸߺȴ侲һöɫıôϷȥ
ߺһöȪͽ˸ߺУߺȥ
סˣû뵽ô򵥣ſһͽǰ޲ߵĻȪ˿Уߺû˿ı仯
⡭ⲻܰҡߺ˵ûʲôǲܵģΪҲӣҲһ𣿡
ߺֻǽȪ˿Уûա
ڵĸߺ˵ǹƼ˵ôһԼߣԼҲᰲġ
Ȼʼգ߶ûжԸߺֳʲôǸߺȷţ֮Ĳޣڤ֮⣿Ǿ͸ҪЦˡ
ĪĪңԼ֮ǣοǺӾߣߺôôĵأ
Ҳֻ뿪춼ߺŻĵ
ǰ¸ˣ˵꣬ߺʮֺ¶ԷʲôæʱҲƵˡ
߰ͷ˿Сӣпͷ氡üˣǼįĽ
ŸߺԽԽԶӰǸͷȻЦһЦһ˼СأϧѾˣȻĻȥҵˣûûҲǹ˰ɣ⼸ͺЩúõɡ
ͷȻûҪߺʲôô򵥵ľͽˡ
ȥʱ򣬸ߺٶȲ֪˶ٱһ߷ɣһ߻ֹմ˵Ѱ

صǸȻڿУ׷Сˣ
ߺ˶סˣȥʲô
ǰЩ仯Ҳˣ⻹û೤ʱأȻƾշУȫڸߺⷶΧ֮ڰ
ߺĺߺתͷǷཱུϳ˾ϲ
ߺ
ߺһѽڻУ簮ͷʲôأ
һЦС˵ҪȥүүҺȾƣ
Ⱦƣߺϳ˺ߣ͵ɣ
ߺҪ˵˵͵ǲԵģǣ޵ʹ洫
Էˣ
õ裬ְֻˣ˵ţҡŸߺĸ첲ְ֣ȥǻȥԷأ
ߺĵӿһůܾˣõĸߺ֪ˣ֪೤ʱûлȥԼĸĸˡ
ǵСʱ򡭡
СʱǵòǺˣ֮ͬһ㣬ͿԷУԼʵʵġ
ߺоһ
ȻûΪȴһޱǿϢҿߺȼߣȻĻͻᱻɼݡ
壬ҳʱѾȫԶ֮ˡߺ˵
ڶ죬׼ʼ춼ûͷʡĵʱʹࡣ


475 ڸߺ
硭ߺ˵ʱһȻڸߺ𣬸ߺһ
Ȼתڣ
ֽ֮󣬾ߺһܱǣȴڸߺĻأԻֹסԼ뷨¶ĿŸߺ
һΪ֮أֽ棬ϢЩ죬ϣܹΪߺ
ߺݺݵĴֽһ£ЦֽҲߺ崷ȥǣȴȻԲ˫ۣ֮бĹâ
ֽں֪Сһһӣи
ϡĽɫâҵײһȦȦսĵطɡ
۸Ұְ֣ŭĿӣɰС
ֽڿЦѣ۸ְְֵ֣ڶ춼Ǿ˽֪ˣ
ߺЩ죬ԼǴս֮неģӽ̫ĵطοܻкܶǿǺӾߣӦòᴫȥ
ô£ߺʵ
ŵľҡеȣ˹ߺֵܣ֪ˣ֪֯𣿡
ߺҡҡͷȻڶ֮£ܹȵģǣ½֮֮пû˵
뾰ĽͣߺԼˡ
һǳص֯浽жߣû֪ǣ½һַʲô飬֪
һ£ǽ½֮е߶ϳƺţǸ˵ʵٴν
Ǵθߺ֮ĶҲ֪ʲôط֪󣬼ڸߺûеǺӾ磬ԸߺһƺţֶΣߺ¼дһ½С
˵ţڻóһдšš
ߺⷭ˷Ųͬĸ֣ʮֵᣬʦ磬ʮ֮ǰ
һҳڣܣ˵ʵѾ뻯ĵز׿һԺ;ǿߡ
¼޷ʲôʱʲô˵ľٶʲô˵ս
淭˼ҳȻиߺФȻǽܡ
ߺʷߣֻвʮ꣬Ѿʦ۷壬ʵĪ⣬ڶ춼һսѹǺӾߣɱ֮躣ܷ֮֮ˡ
ΪٶȣʷǿĽҪ죬ǵֵز
󣬸ʮǺУȻӳ֮ЩǺӾߣȻøߺû취
Ӣ˭ȫʦһ
ۺʵδ֪δ֪
춼ԱһֱΪ˾ʵųƱڡ
ߺһۣͷе裬Ҳ΢ϬһɣȻԼ˵ôǿ󣬿Ժ᲻ء
漴ߺ΢ЦתɴЦãΪڣкβɣЩͬķ׷սɣ
ǰֻһǰ׺ĳƺţ˵ûж٣ֻǿ߲ĳƺš
ƺŶʵˣֵɽ󣬵ǶڸߺǾʵ飬ֻӸߺ֪ȡ
ڸߺֻǲأ֪ʲôʱܵʦ磡δĽڣһҵģֽ߬߬ȭͷ˵
ʱ򣬽ɲͬˣ˵ʲôڵĳƺţǷĪ
Ǿ԰ʱ߾콣ǿҵĺϽʤһֽҲʾ
縡ƣֻԸң䣡ȴ򿪣ЦЦͱǺˡ
Ϊʱ޵Ļ˹ôôңǲִ۸ˣ
仰޵ݣߺЦոյλڣһλӣҶ֮Ƕᱻܣ
˵ͷҲص߽ӣ¿ĵЦڿռصλֵܣСܺһ𣿡
У촫ֵܣϱȷ˫˱ȣǣҺңԼûȢӣ
ߺĿ˿棬Ծһڿˮ
ôǸоСӵֻأǲǷʲôߺװŵӣһŲ
һߣһĻԶӣƢô
ôأĿ˸ߺһۣȻһ֪ҡҡͷ֪ܺãûʲô仯
Ƕأߺаķˣʵ
Դ쳤ʺţǣ˭ǣǴλ壬ȥ֮󣬶һɩӣȻûк˵ˡ
ߺԽԽԾܾʲôҪû˵
ߺֻСӵĻҹ޴߳˫۲ƵĿŸߺ
֮󣬸ߺԾһڿˮЦٺ٣ٺ٣Ŵˡ
˭ţ㲻Ѿ˵һ֪ߺͦĵأ
⻰֮󣬸ߺԴһѣΣ֪¶ˡ
Ȼֵĵ裬㲻ǰְֵţѵ㲻Ҫ𣿡
˵ţģϾҪˡ
ޱҲֻǶΪһĹȻҪͱ˷Ϲ飬Ǵûġ
ǣոԼȻûעⳡϣԼĶ˵һЩ
Ҫ֪ߺĺӿǷһĺӣѾͨˡ
֪Ϲŵȵȴʲô˼
ôأֻǺͰְֿЦأſ˫֣
ӸߺĻٵķɵ޵ĻУš
죬һԲԣߺŭͷ˫ĿԲĺӸߺӿڸߺܡ
죬ߺ˫۳ѩɫһ˿۰ףͬһħһ㡣
Զ˷׷״һ£ҰĴҲܳȥԵģ
ֽڿԶףͲ
ҲϲʤܹߺȻٺòˡ
ֻԶһӰٵĽӽȸܵƵľʱ򣬿бȣ˭Ǹߺϳ˵ǱڣʲôƱڣνڱһ벻ߴͽ̣
ɱڣһһС
ɢǿĽ֮壬ǰ徹Ȼ񷣬նϰƣ̫춼һ
ߺ۾ȻתȥеĺԣʢȻҲ磬ɱ㣬һҪɱ㣡
˵ţߺ𣬷·һƬ죬캮ǵصνѹȥ
νڵĽ֮屾ʮֵǣߺĺӴһ˲䣬ͱˡ
ߺа׹һ֮ǶС֮ƵģȻˣ͸Ĵ۰ɣ֮
˵ţߺʳָԶνڣνڸоԼ屻ѸٵĶᣬǺԼĹꡣ
Ǻʼ飬ϵĹͷ⣬궼Žˡ


476 س
νҵĽ嶸Ȼϵĺһ飬ѳ˼ݡ
ڰ֮ңλϣһȻνڵĲҽҲɪɪ
ڵʵҲ̫ǿ˰ɣǸϽȥʦְɣţתͷҪߣǣһĹѸٵķɵ
洫ߺ䵽˵㲻Ҫ̽ҵʵôˣһаɣ㿴ҵʵ
ʲôҪϳھһͷؿȥĺĹΡ
ৡ
ĹѸٵĽնϣ֮ǰֻǵãǹηǳĺ䣬Ҳǳ
ηɹȥ֮󣬺Ȼâ֮ȥǹٴλתϳڵԴȥһ㣬ڡ
ǹθǲϵصڶϳڵϴ󣬽ϳڸгѪꡣ
ɱ˶ϳ֮󣬸ߺе֮ԻˣٴαõȻ
ϵƼߵջص֮УߺвǰɫˣѩɫĳƮ
ߺɬĿһ棬֪ôޡ
ϾʱԼҲɥʧ˼䣬ȵָʱѾ˸ߺĺˡ
ǶЩǸ⣬ҲǸоʮֵıǸ
Ҫ˵ߺ绨Ůûи飬ǲܵģϾһô顣
ⶼʮȥˣߺһת۾뿪ʮˡ
ȻǸǿߣŮΪɶǺܸߡ
ʮԷ飬飬֪ȥ֮ʲôĳ

ְ֣үү̵ʲôģףǴ鰡޵ĻУߺ
ߺ΢΢һЦүүǺǣǷǳģſС֮һῪЦ谮ģ
ıӣ΢Ц˵
ԴӰְͼνǾ࣬ǻǰߺЩ̾濴ȥ
һǲǻλ֪
ߺεĿһۣʹһɫ⣬ҡ޵ĸ첲裬ˣ
Լı˵ˣϴȰ˵豧˯òã
ɰĶһ޵ĻУ˯
Ҳˣߺ΢Ц˵
޲ƵĿ˸ߺһۣ㣬ƫƫҪʲôģ仹С
˵⣬ϧһĶͷ
ߺΣСȷСϾСһųһ£¾ƶûаأǣʮֵⰡ
һʼѵʱ򣬾ͽߺһߺ̵ԼԼҪķʽͷų
ָֻһ£һƽɫи֮бһɽѸٵıи롣
ֱǺţң⻹ֻ֮һ˿ѣȫߺţǺǿҪޡ
ڸߺһ޴Ľ֮Уܶа˸ڷУĸڸߺ̧ӡ
Ը˶춼ԭܼ򵥣ҪԼӻУҹлһҪ죬ԾֻңѸң֮
ǰЩ꣬ûҪӣǿߺĺôɰˣҪߺĺ󳾡
ֽ뽣ûô£ҲûдŸߺĶ磬ߺİ˲С
ȻУȳǵȵߺҪͷǵʱ򣬵ǣһʱˡ
ߺǿ󣬸Ӽǵ뵱ߺֻǲߣǣȴǶһ޶ʦˡ
ǻ˱ڵţŲǼ޵Ķ־
Ҫ׷ϸߺΨһһŬ
еĲǣߺȥһζ춼ڰԼūȫ뵽˲С
ߺо˲ʵ̫ʵˣԴǿס档

ڸߺѾ뿪ׯˣû춼ȥ춼ڵͼϲһ£߷ȥ
ڵģȻ޷شĵط޷شҲǿߺٶȻȥ
ֻҪﶫ춼ı߽磬ȻԽ޷شͻᵽ춼Ǹطһѩܽ
ڸߺڣ콣ڣҪһ±ڵĸУǰ洩һ˵
һǰˣ⣿
ⶼǵڼˣЩʦ𣿡ߺ˰֣ʾް˵
죬ߺӷߣȴЩʦ˾ãڸߺֻȻĻõĳƺ֮ҲԶˣһϡ֮ȥ
ΪһǸߺˣԴȥѡ
Ϊɱߺڶʦʼ׷ߺϣɱ
ǸߺĵĴΣͶȡɵˣߺὫ֮ɱ
ڸߺҿиʢҪǹ£үүҾͷŹ㣬콣ڵ˵
콣òԼ˵ӣûзŵԼĿռָ֮УǱţõʮֵݣֻ˫֮еľʲôͨˣһǿߡ
ߺ֣ɲǹ⻪
һȦĹ̴бŶ콣ڼȥ
ÿСӣȻ콣һҲỮһ˺صĽ֮бɱ
ϡ
ڰҵĹ⻪ȦȦɢȥĵطռ䶼׷׵顣
ĹâڿвϵŤת๥ԷƬƬĿռâս̮
Ǹߺɲǹ⻪һսԷĽնϡ
ߺ֪ɲǹ⻪ʣѾԷ첻ʲôвˣ콣ڻЩµġ
û뵽ڽڵ콣ھȻʵ㻹ҾȰͨոյжԣߺ֣ԷǺ˵Ǻǿ
콣ڵĽ֮壬Ѿ߳ɵĵزѾһɣǣһ֮Ǳǧ֮ࡣ
öԷʵûйƵʹԼİ塣
ǶԷܹ˾ųɶûߺˡ
ҪǻȪĹͣ꺣ޱȵι̣ԷʲôߺлȪĴڡ
˵Żߺ˳ɫȻĿǰ콣ڡ
һüλϣһ㱦״Ȼ״ϵڸߺüλݻɾ֮ģ
ߺ쿴ȥһڿУƣƯڿУЩȥ
콣ڱż򣬿Ÿߺһжȴһ˿ȡ
ãԹû֮ȻѾ֪ˣ
ߺ΢΢𣺡Ҫ԰
ʵôȻҵԼļҲˣҪ𣿡ˣȴҲԽԽ֮Ĺܡ


477 콣
ߺսȥɵģҪӿһЩнٶȣЩ̧ţȻǣȴ
ȥ֪ʲôʱܹѩ
һߺҲǺ콣ڵս˺ˣȻ˵콣δ˵Լʦ֮սҲ˺ǵġ
νıڵкͣѵֻһвɣ콣ڽϵıȡ
յһɲǣȻˣϬͬһУɢϢ
طĿռ䶼ʼҵռ䶼·иһ㣬ݡ
Ľ֮壬İȻﵽ߳ɣǲأߺ˲ջԼĻ꺣˵
콣۾֮ûκεĸ飬ĺһһ㡣
֮󣬸ߺɫҲһ㶣˽һľ磬ĽȻﵽΪ治Ϊ콣ڣ֮µһˣ
콣ǽ֮µĵһڣΪڽ֣֮ԲûܵõڵĳƺţǽڽڵĽ֣ԱΪ콣ڡ
Сӣܸ֮ң˵ҾͲɱ㣬ô콣ڵ˵
һ֮ܣԼҲͬߺһԿ뽣ٴһ£ңҲһԼĶ֡
Ȼ̫뻯ˣΪͲǸߺĶ֡
ߺһ·΢΢𣬶콣֣Ȼ˹ʳָӮңҾͽܸ֮㣬ĻҪΪ֮
ÿСӣ֪˵⻰ˣûһܹҵлأ
͵ҿˣֻ룬Ӧٰɣߺ¶һ˿΢Ц
һ
ڸߺ򶨣漴ʹ˽һ״̬콣ڷûš
ֺöһڰһ־Ļǵһؾ˽һʱýֵʩչĻʵӡ
ˣ˾ǽǽһ֣ǿĹ
ڶ޽ʤн߾֮ᵽ治ΪҵĹ׹жڶؾԡ
ǣ޽ʤнȴἰ֪ٱ־磬ﶼΪǿĹν֮ˡ
أ˵ΪֹֻǺӾ۷ﵽǾҽԽҵĵز
־ˣÿһǿ֮ͷųͬһ㡣
ǣȴÿһжǰ
־˿νǼǿˣ룬ÿһǰǾгǧİˡ
ǣһؾҲ㣬ң飬壬ﵽң޽ĵز
ֻÿӳһǿһᱻκ
ʲô˵ĸоĸо顭ͳͳ˵ϳֻ֣ԴﵽǿΪĿꡣ
˵Ҫ뵽һ֮УǣַˣֽȻ˱üǿ壬Ͳˡ
һ˶ǣǻôߵľ硣
Ȼˣǣߺ֪ҵûн뵽־ķϾҶǽĺˡ

콣ڣ潣ߣһ֮ߺ󣬼ٵĻӳһ
Ľлһֱߣ֮ӵĿռ䣬һг롣
ߺһǽռѿˣǽռ֮е֮ҲпˣȻÿռþûа취ϡ
һǿߺ֮⣬ǿһеĻĻ롣
ߺǿһУܹڸʰ·磬ǲĻˣ
һõ콣еڿҡڲЦ
ߺֿܵԼһеġ
һ֮֮пˣһС
֮֮ڵǿصռ֮󣬾֮ϵġ
˵֮֮ĴڣʹôǿҲƬ顣
ͱǷ˵ս֮ս֮ܶ࣬ˣƬ֮ڱԣΪ˱ƬأȻϵ˶Ƭء
죬Ƭء
̫죬̫죬죬Ȼڲ׳ƣǿߣͻΪΪǿķ֣֮ҲٵУʱ˵ǳˣ߶ٴγ졣
Ƭص֮ǿֵز콣ڵһһ֪
ҾֻһУ˷ʱ䣡콣ڲϵЦ
һЩģڸߺԣɱߺǾ;ܽڲԶˡ
ǣ벻ǣѡ˶󣬾Ȼ˸ߺ
һȻ֮ߺ˫֮кȻ۵ĺâпʼѩתҲʼѩѸߺһҲʼẮܵʱ䶼·ֹˣǰĶʼһ
֮ߺһȫˣǽһˣ治Ц콣ڡ
̫ĺִ£һûˣһСģȻеĽȥ
ȻûӳϾͿʼۺҲסˣʵͲߺһ¸޷ˡ
𾴵콣ڣһɣ˵ţߺһǱ۷нױͷ
ߺֻһƬǱĽɨȥɲǹ⻪
ˡǱûжѣǣȴڽ֮ȴһȱڡ
˽һ㻹ǻһɣҲҶĳͷ˵꣬ߺﳤȥ
ֻԭر콣ڣﾲֹţȻõߺ˵Ļǣƾôûа취ѿ
ңûȥԼѿ⾵֮ĻһһҪطóˡ
ûа취Ҳ֪ӡԼʲôʱ
ÿ춼ϣĵϣ̫ܹ⺮ڻǣһȥˣ콣ҲԽԽ
ΪǺһ˿仯ûУߺĲܹ֮ǧ꣬ʱ򣬳ǿ߾ȻĻ콣ֻ⾵֮֮С
𣿶ҰҪߺҲǵزߣû£콣ڡ
Ȼ콣̫߿Լˣûпܡ
ߺ廯һ⣬ٵѩȥڸߺٶ̫ˣңشƫƧҲûʲôʦĸ֣ߺôΪ֪ʧˡ
춼ѰҸߺĸûһܹѰҵߺ
ֱߺڱĵط֣ⶫ춼˲֪ߺͲڶ춼ˣ֮ʧģеذһף߸ϵ콣ڡ
Ժ˷ı֮أǣʱѾˡ


478 ʢس
һƬ޷֮أԸߺʮֵļ򵥣ϾطĲ֮أҲرϡûʲôʵǿ
ߺȴ￴˺صĴڣκˣڱ߽ĵطʵҲ͡
ÿʱỵ̈ʯǰеʯ
ߺոտʱͿˣߺҪ޷شٶҲһЩźҲ˸ߺĴڡ
ܵ˸ߺƣֻ˵һ䣺ǰǱ߽磬ǰ޷شǱ𡭡
ߺȻͷ˵أ
ϵԽԽ񱩣˫ȴԽԽ侲
ܵߺǿƣȻʶʲôϻһЦǸǰһ·ҪСģҪǮõĻУ͸ǰ̲
ߺĵ˵ͷˣڻǮߺ˵ţǣԼѾΪ˸Ҳʮ꣬˵ѾЩˣֻøĿ˵ڡ
ߺĻиǲϵֱпԼҿû
ԳƱڵģʦߣԼССĺ۷ߣԷֱر
ȻһܻǿߣܹŻһЩˣЩʦУ϶磬һָͿĴڡ
ǰһ·ߣҪҪСҰǰ̽̽·һЩ֪С֮ŵǰ֪˸ߺʦ֣ϵıԽԽȡ
ߺĻ˻֣ǵˣúסһذɣˣ
˵꣬һ⣬ʧʡ
ŸߺǰˣױȵٶȣСǣһ죬ʵʹһ꣬ҲĸԸ
ôоĿһóһģ˼ҳڱͣסˡ
ڸߺȥԭҿô˵Ǹ˿°ĭ
ȻطȻ˴ԣһʵǿķӣͣɵЦ˵ԼǱڵͽܡ
ȻǲţǰǷӣи߾ʵǰȴǲҷԵġ
ߺһͷ޷شȻв֪ߵغ֮ˣĹߺٸߺߺһɱһɾ
Լʮ֮󣬸ߺѩĵطʮ죬ߺҹ̣ûϢ
ʹǵ춼֮󣬶ûϢ
ѩڵˣǰϤİĳУߺʮֵļ
ϤϢʮֵϤǣİȴΪ仯̫ˣߺЩʶˡ
ߴĳţȫǻصߣǿģ龳ǿߡ
ǷΪһǰһţߺվģһ
ߺӰûд೤ʱ䣬㱻˷ˣ˭ұк飡
ǽ𣺡һ·ˣôϹǵĹۣҲҵΪ
ǣߺո£ǰʿ׷乭ͷ׼ߺұߣͷɶϣѪԲǣǵľ꣡
ߺĹϸܵЩʲôƷ޵Ľɵģ̺ǿ
ʲô飬ôʦڣһʱһӰӳǽ˵
ν˶ߴɢǿȫһɫףɫ硣
дһöָô˳ǽ֮ϡ
ߺ˫һʶû뵽ôû˾Ȼ˹硣
ǸǣڵĸǷǰԣڵĸԼںһصľ硣
ʮȥˣҾȻı仯һصĸǣѾǺ龳ˡ
̧ͷȥʱ򣬿ʼʱ򻹲һ£Ͽʼ
ܵı֮󣬷׷׶һۣʲô
ʲôǺǻǹԹԵĺɣ
ţ˹ǡôһѽ

ʼʱ򣬸ǼԽԽԾô滹յģУںⰡͶ̥
쵰ӶˣһֲѵڵǰܾͲһ𣿡Ǵ
תӯСӣô겻ȥʲôˣѵͲ𣡡
ߺҲЦݣþòˣǸ磬ôûÿɺã
ʿϵشŸߺոһʱûǣھôһѣͬ˵һֲ
ӭһֲع飡ЩʿƬƬĹ£ͬĺ
ԶʿˣҲʮֵļһֲܾûлعˣû뵽ڽعˣҲҿ
Ȼֻܿһ˿˿ӰеӰʮֵļ
ģǳصسʿˣȫʿ£л
һʮʮ٣õϢһֲ߸׷˽ȥ
ڵĸ߸һֱһˣһֱıȸ߸Ҫûʡ
ոߺߵʱԸǲһֱˣôȥˣﻹϱء
ȥҲǰ취ǣߺĸ飬һֱλò绨ŮӭȢȥ
Ȼߺûڣǣ֪һߺı񣬽мٰãߺĸףҲ˶ϱĲ衣
˾ͽˣΪ˸߼ҵٷˣסһֲ
һߺع飬е˿ʼ߽ܲɵˣǸȥ
ߺȻȫӦˣԸǣǸ磬ȥ߸ĸȥɣϾͻؼˣ
˵ţһʧԭأʹȥ
ô˵Ҳѩһֲص֮󣬲ȥݼһ֣ǲеģϾѩĻʵۣԼеĻǾ̫ˡ
ң֣ҵĻȨͳҲáҪξðְȨͳһ
֣˸ߺعˣڻʹ֮ڣȥӭӸߺأȴ룬洫һ
£һֲүǰݼ
֣Ҳһ·˲ûã¾ͳˣֶôûҺ밡
ߺ֣壬Щû֣ҲͻƵ˺ľ磬ֻڹ·æԲ̫ǿ
һЦ°ݼ£
ߺֻһǷ˵ȻǺܸˣȻĻǿᣬʵ۶΢΢һ塣
̸֣һ֪ԭ֣֣裬Լļҽѩȸ֣ȥƽѩڵţȫͳһȫ
ǣЩǳĿ⣬ߺ֪鲻ǽչô˳
ʱ˲μ£ȫ˶ڴϹҪΰһֲ
ߺϸĸӦһ£棬ʹ⣬һصˡ


479 ǰ
һֲʵ۴أʹңҲûȫǵİհݹ֣ε˵
ߺһЦΣһǳȥһ°ɣȻĻЩǹҲ°
λĸոպãһе飬ѩѾƹˣǣҪȫʱͳһȴʱһЩ飡
֣ε̾һ˵ߺĿ˿
еˣҪ췴ɣߺʵ
⻰֣Ŀ˸ߺһֶۣ㣬˵ĲˣΪƹʱҶϱĹϵûɱƷǷӵƷ
սôߺǽ𣬶ڵ˵Ͳ¡
ǣ֣ɲ֪ߺڵΪεĿЦһ񶫣ǣźȻö֣Ҫɱ񶫣ңƷ︴
ߺĵ˵ͷЩ£ҳȥһ£ǰհһ£ȥæ
˵꣬ߺʧԭأԼĵ֮ϣĿһǣǣѩʮǿʢģֻҪڴҵӵ֮£ͻΪǿĹң
İոӷĺ֮ѩȨӵĹˡ
ߺ˵֮󣬱ʧϰ˵ЩȻĻңѩȻ˵ǺѣǣʮֵΣյġ
οҪһߺ޷ܵġ

Ʈ֮ǰʿƮڵɽΧס
յƮѾԭƮˣƮѾһˣǣǵߺĹϵԣûȫš
ֻʣһЩͼĵ͸ߺЩϵˣҲ֪ƾԼѾֹ˴ƵķչˣƮڹӲд
ǣЩˣȴЩģ϶ɽ𣬾Ȼμ˴ˣеߣۼһٷѩѩ
޵ǸߺǸߺ뿪ƮҲ䵽ֵز
ǣǲǣλڱȸߺˣߺ뾰ҲᷴƮڡ
ǣЩ˵ǲͬЩ˵֪ʱҲ֪ߺյĿ
ԣ飬ǲָߺֻܹˡ
Ǳаǣû뵽ЩĻϲˣȴ뷨
ǲܳɹģеʯ쾡ȴĲ̣ǳɹ
ô߼ҳ£ߺ֮󻹲÷ˣ
ڸߺǴﺦ£ߺҪɱǣ֮˵һо
ΪЩ˵ϵ˼ˣѩţֶ˴ѹƮŰΧ
棬֣ڳԾƣҲʮֵĿɬ
Ҫ֪дĸ֣˵ʵʤδ֪
֪ǰܵôˣ֪ǲǱץסˣ֣սеľƣһε̾һ˵
Ҳ̾һҲ֪ϣûаɣȻĻֽү֮󣬻ƴ
뺮ҲǵģȻȥʮ꣬ʮ˰˵ţֽ֣о
ʮһ֣յĳɳǲСڵ֣ѾкǿΪˣңƿջ֮ʹصߣҲһս֮
еϽ׵ıʹҲһĶֻ֣Ƚϴ
ԭ֮кȻһ֣Ȼоͽ񶫻ܣŵ˾ˣҲˡ
츳ҲǷǳǿҲ۷֣սĻǰ˭Ҳʤ˭
֣յɻ⣬һʩչͿԽԼþ
֪ĸֵ˭ʲôͷôûң֮ҲʶרԸǸ߼ҵأ
ҲʮֵƣԼһսͻᱻԷ׷ʹ򣬶ңҲϵİ֮ˣ֮н֮Ϊϱ
˵ߺֽڵмƣý֣ǣȴǿ֪ٱ
֪ǸʲôȥˣǹҶɹĳɳΪǶĹˣǵʵˣȵ֣ѾЩˡ
ʱĶߺȻһҪ֪ʲôʵԲ֪𣿡
Цˣֲ⣬ôܡ˵⣬֣յľƺȻˣȻ̧ͷ˵ķֻߺȻĿ΢Ц֣գ
֣տߺȦˣ㡭㣬磬㡭
ţȻ˵Ļˣվ˸ߺһܱȻĴ˸ߺؿһ¡
ôºˣֵܲս
ߺҲǰңҿߣȻĻ֣յһ֣סĻᶼûС
μү°ݣĶԸߺ˵ϲүع飡
ߺĵ˵ͷû˵ʲôƮڿȥЩпþˣþˣսڵϢƮڵϢ˲ٰǰأ
˵֣ɫЩŵ齲һ飺磬㻹ǿȥȾȶүүɣȻĻһĵģ
ߺҡһͷԸţҿһ˱Ҹʣ
˵ţߺһһ˳ǰߺųʱڴء
ָһɫĽ⣬ڿз裬ƬĿռ䱻
ͨʱ˽⣬ߺѾԲ÷ų˲ͿԽĶͷųˣȻҪȡȥҪͷŵġ
硭һſռѷ죬֣һ߼˵
Ϥֽ˲۾˫֮
Ѳɵ춼ֽںԼ̫ǿ󣬽ⷽռȫԼһ֣зĻɫ˲ʧˡ
ֵܼȻּǣڻбҪ飬Ǿ񶫡
ߺո˵һ飬ֽڶŸߺ֣һݣֵȥĳˣʱһȥǵģ
˵ţֽһתʧڿС
ôٶȣ֣񶼾ȵ°Ͷˣû뵽ô꣬ǵĽȻôѲ۷壬ᰡ۷Ҳôǿ
ߺǵ𣺡һ㾳ĴڣӦҲоɣ
˵ͷһ㾳磬Ҳ֪ǳ磬ϾǴطˣô᲻֪Щأ
ߺûˣǵתƮڡ
ȥԼĳɺˣǲҲðһˣ˵ţôȥ
硭֣Ҫϣסˡ
ڵүѾǰүˣǵˣܴӸߺϸоǾ˵Ϣ
ȫѹԵԼԼԸߺһ˿ԵûУүԼ£ԼĳޣԽȥɣ


480 
ߺôһԲĻƮɽȥ;Ϥľɫߺип֣ǰԼҲǣȴ˷ˡ
ոɽţߺȻվסˣǵõһʱԼλ۵ӵ档
죬ҲᱻɣߺЩԳ̧ǰߣǣûȻͱסˡ
ģĴ졣
ǰģ֣˵еıγߺȥ
ߺһ֣̽˱סˡ
ڸߺϢȷ춼ϱ춼ʹٿ죬Ҳܱȸߺٶȿ١
˵ѩڸߺҲ֪ء

˱ס֮ѸٵĻΪ̲ѪˮȻʧӰˣʲôû¡
ߺһЦϺӿһС
Ө͸ɢźǱĵطеĿռ䶼ˡ
ߺôȥҲûʲôسɴ硣
ûԼϢѽƮڣͱǷˣȫߺ
ߺеı·ɣһȥһȥģѾкܶʬˡ
Ҳû˹ϣǣǹߺϵʱȴԼıϸͲܴ
˽ߺ·ƣʲô˺Ҳûɡ
ߺеĵһתһûѪӿΪѾǱиˡ
ֻ˾ͱˣѾˣ֮еѪҺҲˡ
ߺϵǰУʬ壬Ů٣˶Уߺɫȴ쳣ûһ˿ϱֳ
ɱЩòŮʱ򣬸ߺı黹һ˿ûС

Ǹߺڣһϳ˸ߺߺתͷȥ΢΢𣺡ԭ껪þûˣ
Ǹߺң껪Ȼűǣûɱ
껪ʦ֣ѲҲҪɱ𣿡ߺɫûһ˿ı䣬˵
껪εҡҡͷɱɱ㶼Ҳû취ǵȷս
ҡ
ҡҡܶ϶εı飬ո˵һԶңң
껪ؿڷۿҪᴩţߺεҡҡͷƥУҿǲˣ
˵ţһӣһָϼȥǵӴߺһɲǣͱ˺̶ĺǵɵĺȥ
һҽǸߺǱԼǵγɵĺᴩؿڣȻͱǵסˡ
ֻһССĺǿߣ͸ҵǰ͵Ϯߺ˵껪˵ô£
ûô£ߺǱ껪û˵󱳾߳һˣ¶һ˿̵΢Ц
ߺĿһۣϵЦҲԽԽãúúãģҲܳʱˣұѾܳʱˣû뵽ҵ©֮ˡ
ʶң˵ˣǸߺһֱҪĿġ
Ȼʶд˳ɾͣĹأ˵ߺ˵ŸлĻ˫֮ɱȴÿ֪ˣ˴θߺΪ˸лԼ
ļڵĿȻǰ˺ܴĸı䣬ѾǺصĸˣǣڸߺ벻ͬ
֮ǰɱʮĸߺûУȻҲסˣǣո껪˸ߺ֣֪˸ߺڵݡ
ǹ˶£ˣǰ׷ɱʱɱһС𣿡ߺ췢ĿҲ޷˵ĳ
ߺôһѣȻˣתȵĿŸߺѲɣڵǡ
ߺ΢΢𣺡ϲ㣬ˣûǸʱҡ
ҡѾ𾪵˵ˣǸֻ磬û뵽ߺܹ߳
ǣû뵽ǣʮٴңߺɳĳ̶ȣѾ֮⣬Ȼɵɱһǿߡ
ҪǷŵǰ꣬ԼҲһǸߺĶ֣ǣԴǸ֮Լʵôܴ򲻰ܸߺ
ȻΪġ
û뵽û뵽ȻһţҲϴôˣһῴԽ˵ϵıԽ
ڵΪ̫ͣͷֲڸߺʲôΪĽ׶ϡ
ʹߺΪڸߣҲܸ߹ԼʹٶѾˡ
ߺ΢ЦİɣҲôʹȥһڵΪҵǰȥ
룬һƣ˵ſľԼƣ֧һߺ
һƵǳĴһǰĿռ׷׵ˣͬһ㣬˺üݡ
ǣߺɫȻֻһţһεӸߺĽ±һƵ˲䱻ˡ
ߺµĵ·ҲȻߺû׹ȥǽƯڿУ΢ЦſǰԾĿġ
ô㲻𣿡ߺԼ
ɶҪҪڿĵɫѾӽˣĴţ˫Ƽ趯һƾŸߺȥ
ߺ֮ǰֻĶһţǲڸߺǰ飬ߺ񲻱䣬ʼĿȥ
еĵһӣ嶼סˣ˼뻹ڡ
ߺǵЦԽԽ̣֣һеĺְſ֮еĺģ޷֣Ǳס壬Ȼ¹
Ǳѵں̶֮УĳЩ飿ԽԽ񣬸ߺȴһ˿鶼û䣬壬Լǰ
úſĵ壺ڰɣ裬οҸ飡
ôˣʱ򣬺Ȼһһ⣬ߺ崦
ߺĺȻף˫֮бǿҵĺǵסȴ˵˵أϤϢԭ㣬ڣ
ߺΪʲô㣬ΪʲôΪʲôô죡ڵӰں֣ߺȻѹֲסϵܵĿռ俪ʼ𶯡
ɽɢȻʼѣƮ壬˺鿪
ߺһ֣һƬЩɢɽٴεıסճ
ڣҸҵĳƺŰɣǶأҲ׵ǣôῴôСطأȻ
ƺţ㲻ǽ֮ôܻУĳƺŲǵ˵ȵʲô֪ͣأЦ
ߺЦϱǿϢƮڶʼضһ


481 ̹
ǣϾǵ˵ĸذ˵˵ţǣߺûôȥ
ЩҲû취ֻܸڸߺ󣬵泡ʱǶˡ
һƬѩ磬ûκεɫɽҰĵ˶ˣվһ
⡭𾪵Ŀֳһ仰˵
ߺǺһ˿΢ЦǺǣûʲôþȵģЩ֮ˣϾͻȫʧˣҴеĿľЩˣ
ЩŮӿǰ˧ˣޱȵĿ־뾴塣
ߺţǱ˵ڷƮڵʱñסƮ壬Ʈʮ꣬ţ
ǸصĸˣߺıƵˡ
ǿ־ǸߺƷ
ߺôɽȥЩŮӷ׷׵þĿ⣬ǰǸԼ˶ٵꡣ
ǣʵ֪Ƕȥˡ
ߺǴˣЩԼʦľˣԼҲμˣ˵֮ǰһЩǣѾЩ֮еһԱˡ
ɽ֮󣬸ߺƯϿգеŮӳ֮󣬸ߺȻ˫һ
ǿĺǵصƮѹȥ˲͸ɽҰǺϵˣȫ˲仯ޡ
ˣڸߺǿ֮£ȫıݻˡ
ٿߺûκεĲ
ЩŮӵУѾСˣǳݵĿŸߺǸʵǿˡ
棬ѾܶʿƮΧסˣߺ׷׹£μһֲү
֣յҲˣڸߺ
֣֣þδˣһɺã
ߺȻһ˿΢Ц̫ӵľҲǺǣ
ֵͲҪȡЦˣȣ̫ӸͲʲô
ѩЩŮӾ͹ˣǶһĿˡߺתѩȥ
ڵѩѾǺˣΪܲˣЩŮҲûʲôɡ
ѩ겻ı飬Ȼһ˿ɶЩŮӵһ˿ᣬֱ
ߺ̾һҪȥǹȥʹ»Ĳôװ
Ѫȷøߺȣôεʱ֮ڣѩȻܹ׷񣬴ﵽصľ硣
ƾʹҲѩĶְɡ
ڣ˸Ͳ⼸ȫܹɱ
Щں߰ɣҶ£ҪϿϻȥ£ߺ뵢
Ӷ춼춼Ѿ˽һµʱˣôҲ׼׼֣յ˸ߺǲȱϯġ
һ˦֣ߺ˺ϰٵŮڿУȻŸߺٵȥ
ȥ磬ʲôʱжˣʵôǿٶ̫ˣ춼Ҫǵˣ
㲻Ů˰ɣͲ±ǳԴ𣿡
УҪôŮӸʲôᡭ
֣ô꣬ԲģʹѾˣôĻ졣
֣˵֣ڵŮѾˣȫŮ
ξ룬ڶԸߺͲʲôֻӣ͵˱һֲȥ
Ӧ˸߽ɵ˵Ϣȥ

ߺոأкܶΧŸߺ˵
һӣֹЩҵԼĸǰϥТô궼δĸ
Ÿߺϵ߽ϻο֥棬ϵʸߺ
СӣϢˣǲǣߺҲ֪֥˵Цһ£ôأ
磬ôڲŻţһӰ˵ߺĻУƤ˵
δĸδѾɳͤͤˣһˡ
֮ߺǽԴϲĵĪڸߺλ֪ˡ
ֻǰǲñԼ˼ֻܺĿŸߺ
ǣߺһ˿Բε˵ǣЩĿɺã
֣ʱȻôܻأؿշз֮޷֮ʵλͺˣڰ·˵Ķӵô£
֣մ˻һе˶סˣеĿⶼڸߺϣǸߺΪͨ죬Ҳһ㺦ߡ
ݺݵĵ֣һۣСӣҵš
ߺεЦ͵͵һ˾ͽˡ
˲ûʲôı飬ֻɫЩû䣬ߺæŮ鶼˵ġ
ôôȥŮġ
Ůֻ֮΢Цҡҡͷʾû£ߺҲ֪ĻǼٵģѾˣҲûа취ˡ
ҵĹڶˣУϱأԼ£߽ɷ򸾵ǿĺܿЦʵ
ߺε˵ӣһܣǶڡߺָָԼüġ
˼ڻ꺣λãǣߺĸĸΪ
첻Ӱģû˿˵ţοߺ֥ȻԼӵĿ
˶ΪˣĵŸߺһ߰οߺһ߻̾Ϣ
ߺɵˣô˵˵Ÿ˵ˣ
ĸ̶ӯӯСãңǡ
İɣ๫һὫһҲ͵ģá
ûߺʵͣȥˣʲô°
֪ǻԶеģ֣ϰοߺ
ߺǿˣǿЦõĿޡ
󣬸ߺһ֣֮ȫˣ˻ȻһȫµĻֹͣ
Щ˷׷׸ߺ£μˣ
һ£һЦڻˣôˣұ
ֻǾĵ˵ͷʵǲףЩ˵Ǵġ
֮ߺĻз˶ȥ
ߺһѽסԶӣô⼸Բ԰
Цţ۵ƬѻȸȺ֮УԵ쳣ɹˣһֱĻԼĿоأأԱˣ
Ҫүүˣ˵ţߺ޽ܡ
ҵĸĸ裬ǵĶϱޣߺ˵
޵һ˲䣬ҶΪˣ·գˣŮ˶סˡ
ߺ˵ңң°ݣϱݼš
ްã֥߽ɶûзӦĿޣֱߺѣǲŷӦ
úúáһμ棬Ҳû׼ʲô֥˵ţĿⲻƵĿ߽ɡ
߽ʼʾûС
ߺ¶һ˿΢ЦͲˣ޶ҲȱʲôǰǶ춼ǶĹ


482 
Ƕ۹ģ˾Ƕǻ֪ʲôġ
ѩȻΪǶʵһǶʵʮѩ
Ƴһ۸ߺţҲôȣ๫ٵһǶҲʲô£ʵôģ
ôǿ𣿡߽Ҳ̲סеľʵ
е˶ŸߺθߺԽˡ
һūΪߺ𣺡˵ʵѾڼӵǿƺŵıڣ֮Ум̳ƺŵˣ

ڳ飬ЩôͶףɴߺٽ͡
ߺжڳһһͣܵߺ֪ʱҲһû뵽ߺ޸
ȻŮòԼҲԼ٣ɫ
˾ͽ̵ӯӯᣬ־޸ŮĺһŮɫ
ңڸһĸĴ
еĿŲ˸ߺĻУȫҵص㣬ϡ
ǹӣⶼ˰ɣ̱֥˫۴飬
˿ߺߺ˵ͷͶ֥ĻУĽһ̡
С̣ͣڼˣ֥ʵ
룺ְ˵ֻһܣҳһ°
СһȻѧ˸״֥˵ߺĲˡ
˵ôұأ֥ƵĿߺǸߺ˵ӳî϶Ҫܳͷġ
ߺεһЦȷûأոճʮ죬£
֥ţޣںӵ䣬û˱Ⱥӵĸ׸Ϥˡ
˵ͷȷûйأҲ๫ôżԭ򡣡
ʲôߺλϵظ𾪣ʵͨҲͰˣƫƫһӣһͿڳңϵϢҲ
ôأΪ˸֣տ֪ԼŮʱµʱҲֻǿޣҪѧߺȻô档
ҲţϽ㣬˵ǲǣ
еĿ򽣾۶ȥɤӣߺֵܵĺȷڲͬҲȷûһ£θߺֵܻҪΪԼĺӹ£
⡭е˶Ĭˣ֥УǸ߰ĺεЦš
ʱҲô˳ɣ֥ǲš
˵ߺҲޣΪҲһֱֵĵط
ҵûôоĸ˵ʱͬӤһСģֻ˴֮ξȻıǵ̶ֳϡ
ߺȻҲȷ档
֪ˣеֻ֪̩˼ˡ
죬ұҵˣȻ棬ǣϾԼӣ֥Ļнӹ
ߺ΢΢һЦүү
үүĽһ
߽ϲʤ̫ˣ̫ˣ죬ӿұ
Ա߼ץͿϺˣǣ֥ǱŲţֵı档
ˣҿùãһ²ˣڸȻʮˣһֱûѡ
һ¸ϢùϵϢú£
ߺһ»ˣ壬ǿ˽ģСãǵΪڸһɣ
ߡֲ֮ҵ飬ȴһӣһҪߺߣĹĵ˵
ߺҲεҡҡͷ߽˺Ȼʵ壿ʲôʣ
廹Ƿǳ˽ġ
ߺ룺ôͣǱȽ֮ʻҪǿڵʣ

ʲôʲʵˣûҲǵĹǲǰ֥͵˵
صĵһͷȻһǷˣ
޸ոҪǣ֥Ȼ˵ϱ͸˯ɣ£Ǽúõһ¸飡
֥ҲԼĶ֮üϱ֮䣬ʲôìܡ
û취ֻˡ
ǺϰߣΪԴ֮󣬻û뿪Լ
ˣϴ磬ףҶҲףСǣȥðһĶϸ£
߽ɷԸǸȥˡ
˸ϾûףôУ
ˣҲҪðһ
ߺĶһϾôʱ·Ҳ΢΢Щˡ
һһܣɱˣ˵ˡ
ףϯ˰ɣϾ컹ʱ䣡
ҿǲܣֲϾߣ˵ڽظңҡ
ߺæסͽϰɣȥЪϢɣϣȥЩ˰һ¡
˵ūЩڵŮӣҲҿһֲЩ˻Ǹˡ
Ϣȥɣߺλ˺ٺһЦ
ϣߺˣս˫ȱֻ
ӵұȻٲ˵ģڵڶ飬ټ˾ͽŮҲǴ֮ߺҲû浽̫
ֻڶ峿ߺſϰݣŮ۵Ľƣϸߺĸˮ
ˮ齻ڣһ𹲸ɽߺˣŮҲ޶ȣҺãߺǵýҪ顣
峿̫ո˶һϵĸߺӷ߳
˾ͽŮǵһΣ̫ˣ廹ʹء
ޣû̫飬ϵͬŮĸ鵹˲١
٣֮ǰĮˡ
λãЪϢţ£һҪȥģŮ糿ʱԼ֡
ȴ˽㡣
˵ԭľ˭Ϊߺº˭Ϊ󣬲ǰеġ
ԣڷ޺ϣ˴󣬲Ҳں֡
֪ߺκ˵ģˣкܶŮϲġ
ǵѡǲڣʧǣΪߺеģԼѡ
죬һֲּˣݷõĦ࣬ﲻ
У֮иͷĴˣߺع飬ôǲ
ߺѩػ˭͸ߺߣԺҲðһЩ
Ȼ֪ǵ뷨ֲЦˣԸߺҲûְֻܾڵϯ
һЩ֮ˣһѡ
˾ͽңң֣ҵˡ
վǰЦľˣЩЦҲûнĶࡣ
ѩ¼ݵ󣬾֣嶼԰ݷˡ


483 Ⱦ
ʲôôôǿ󡣡ѩΧ֮ϡķΧҲӦù
ߺһоȻһ½طĿռ䶼ˣе˶ȻоԼûа취ˣҪսˡ
ֻȻˣƬռ䲻ˣнռʵǱСˡ
ôڴһĿŸߺ˶ŴˣʶԼƬռ֮ˡ
ϿʼǿĽ֮壬ʼƬռĽ
ƬƬĿռڵ¿ʼ֧飬ߺĽռ䣬ռԽǿĽռҲԽǿ
ΪĺὫһƬռСӹ̵һֿµĵز粽С
˵̵ĿռҲһеһӳɡ
෴ռ̫Ҳһе
ߺʮ侲ĿƬռ䣬˵Ҿ㣬ҲΪǽҵһռȫٵҾͻὫȫĴݻ١
ʲôʱ֮ӳģܣȫܣûܹ֮ӳߣûߺвĻڸߺôӳġ
Ϊӡ֮У˲ߣûܹ֮г
ЩĴ춼θߺȴˡ
Ѳƭң֮һأһõ֮˫΢΢𣬿ֲɱ˫۱ŷ
ɱĿѾôƬĿռ俪ʼ̮ˣҺøߺͷųΪͷΪ˽ԷĽ֮ռ˺һЩ
ڵʲôƺڸߺڵΪˣǾ˵ʦ硣
ҲȽϾ죬Ҫ֪ȻǾ͸˲ûʲôˡ
ߺǴδֱĳ裬Ϊħϰ
ڣߺһδ̼̲סѯҪ֪Լߺжٲࡣ
ʵѾһ˿ԤˣȴڿвԸϡ
ƺţҲ˵ıڣΪԼܹʤΣӦòỳɰɣߺ˵
ʲʲô˵ڵĳƺţڡΪɵڶԣ֪ƺŵʲô
Ƕʵ϶ĳƺţֻǿʦߣʸ̳лӵǿĳƺš
ߺӵд˳ƺ֮󣬻ܴڣ֤ߺʵ顣
Ϊһߣӵǿĳƺţܵܶǿʦ׷ɱģǲģǿĳƺŲԼ
ͬ콣ڣڽڵǿý֡

ڰ˵ЩˣҰԼùΪܹڣ˳ӱ߽ʼѩΪС
˳㣬ҲܲڵĺøУﵽڲڵĵز
һ˵ˣû뵽ѩȻǸߺļ硣
Ϊֲǣߺعˡ
ôôܣҪɱ㣬ɱ㡣ڣڵӣѾ׵ıߺ̼ɵˣ
֮ϣȻ⣬ÿһ⣬ǿĽ֮壬ܵĿռ˺ѡ
ߺĺȴûа취˺ơ
Щߺʶˣ껪쾡ˣߺͳȥˡ
ֻʣЩˣԼĶͷ˾Ҳڵĵᴩ塣
ҪͷܣǣֿڱߺסˣֻܶǴű˺Լ塣
ԼĽ⣬ߺֻӶһԼı۰һԲĹξʹӸߺֱϻӷȥ
ЩߺĽ׷ױζγڣԽԽԶڷȥ
˻ţڵȻߺһжӲӦӦֻܿǺξԼҲԽȻͷϵ£ˡ
꣬롣
ߺɫȻ˵Ҫ㲻ҪƻѩĿռ䣬ƫƫط𣬸ֱӹϵ
ǺңҿԼûǲһ߹ȻĻ黹Ǵˡ
˵˭ˣ
Ҳû취飬Ȼڸߺ߲һУʵʵǷǳǿġ
Ҳֻиߺܹȫѹǡ
濴ȥЩ֮ˣ͸¶ϣĿ⣬ĿŸߺϣߺܹŹǡ
ߺȴû˿ǵ˼Ӭ޷ĵҲôˣǣҲóԼĺˣ
ոʩչһ͸оЩԾΪƬɽĵ··һЩϢ
Щڱ˵ϢЩˡ
ѵ滹űˣߺ뵽ˣԴӽ֮󣬻ûڵأѵˣ
ţߺ廯һӰǸطȥ
Ȼǰߺ֮أǸѺ޵ߺŮӡ
ΪǺܸߣѯʣߺ֪ˣھڲԸˣȫڶˡ
ЩΪߵģЩϣʲôģǱܶãߣЩ֡
ܶŮӶˣֻǡ
ڻûֵǣЩ˵ĸ߲Ӵ㣬ȵʱЩŮӷֵ
Ҳǳ̫󣬶ǽµԭһǾԵ̫û˼ˡ
˵Ǹصĸ֣Ҳھġ
ߺεҡҡͷҲЩңҿڵƢЩ죬ȻĻЩԼҲ;Ȳˡ
ߺҲ֮ܵ˵ǧ棬Լܶࡣ
ǽʲô㣿ߺǾȳʵ
⣬¶⣬Ҫ˵ѩҲ֪ܸЩʲôҲЩʹ塣
ǣĻûʲô֮أƾǵѩ֮дȥ
ΪߵҲأڵѩ˵𲻵ʲôҪá
ߺȻ۾һԼĴ㣺ǲűڣģڻõģ
ЩŮӻһۣ׷׸ߺ£ǣˣ
Ҫǵű˵裬Ҫôǹ˳ǰˡ
ǰߣǿ϶ǲԸģֻѡˣô˵ߺҲˣڵĳϺܶǵǰߺĺá
˵ߺʵҲ㹻ǿ󣬰ѩ֣λǴˣ˵ȷһ취
ڻ֪Ѿڸߺ߽⣬ߺҲѾǵıˣǱڡ
ߺȻûôࣺǲˣҲƮڵĵӣǽʦ־ͺˣ
ʦ֡ЩŮӵҲǹ֮󣬷׷˵
ߺ˵ͷͷ˳ȥŮ㿴ңҿ㡣
ôǲȥ𣿡ߺһʵ
ʦ֣Ǿôҡڵ߳ȥһӣ׳׳ӣʵ
ߺ¶һ˿΢Цôкβ𣿡


484 
ϲһֲϲδȵ֣ȴ
Ȼ֣ˣ߼ҵ˵ȻҪʾһ£ʹУҲóȥӴһ°Ͼ廹ǰء
߽һΰѩĻʵۣ֣塣
Ȼ֣嵱Ȼǹ£Դ֪˸ߺʵ֮ǲܰʲôʵۼˡ
ԼʵۣǶ֣ߺĹϵ
ȻĻ˼ʱ֣ңڵĸߺ֣λ֣Ҿ֣ҲùԹԵ̨
ȻߺǲģɮҲÿ氡֣ء
ң֣ҲرϣߺܹߣΪڵĸ߼ҿѩػûǣһǿϮƾ֣ҵʵʸûС

Ҳɣһֲ£ҲֻףҪ˴ҵˣ֣ûȸ߽ǹ£æ˵
Цô˹£ߺܲ£
øߺԼ£ΪȫûҪʱʧһʼҵȴһǿѣֵˡ
֣õ棬涼ͷֻС֣ЩǣȻҲˡ
֣ȲãΪ֣ء
һֲĺأ޿֣Ц
ߺһΣ֣֣ա
֣֣һֵʹһɫȻĬĬȥ
ʵ̫ˣ̫ľûȻ˸ԼĸˣŪýֳ֣ôһЦˡ
£ˣȥŮȥˣߺĺˮε˵
֣յŮ֣ǲģ֣һȥȥˡ
ߺ
ʱܹһСӰ˵˸ߺĻУǽԺӺȫŪˣû°ɣ
ҵİűʹĵϢ߽˶޳ˣСҸû꣡
˵žͳ˳ȥͷǲʲô
ߺ΢΢һЦסԼĶǧҪԼһҪõģǾ͵òĿĵĴﵽ
е˶ͷð亹ߺˣǴ㰴˵ķԼĺ
ߺЦҿЦʵѾˣոǲƭүү
û˵֣ʹ˽ܵܣôƭң˵кأ

֣Ƥϵ˵£µĺӣ㲻Ұɣ
ǰ֣ûô𣿡ߺ˵
̧֣ͷ˿е˶ɵһԼ֪Լˣ֣裬֣Сӣҹ
ߺ΢΢һ̣ãûб仯̫࣬Ǳԣ
Դӻ֮󣬸ߺ㷢֣һĹǻ֪⻷ܻı˵ġ
һԷ鱻˳֪ʱû¡
ߺȴԽԽģϾ֣ͬҵĽ֣Ҳ⴦ɵ߼ҡ
ѩǿҲ鰡ڣʲôһһҲˣüλ᲻֮ǰ߼أ
ߺѾʼ·ˣȻԼڣǾܷģ֣Ҳû顣
֣Ҳᣬǣ֮أǵ᲻ҪȨ߼
ңԼ߼ҵã᲻ΪҪ൱ʵۣ֣ͬһأ
Ϊ鶼ᷢߺ㣬·ҵĺ֮ǡ

ߺڿţȻ˫һΪһǿڻĿѾһٶˡ
ϵϢߺĸо˵ʵٱȵ콣Ҫǿ
ˣҪȥӴһ£ߺ˵ţ߳˷䣬ѸٵĳϿգնԼΪ
ߺͷһɲǾͱ˰ɫߺԴڰ֮֮ʩչ壬ͷɫ
ʩչ壬Ҳÿʲô壬֮壬ǰɫͷɫģڵģͬҹеɫһ
ԶߺǸм֪´˴ǰΪ£û˸ǰߺȿʵ
֮ˣǰرϲר˵껰֮˾ͳڸߺǰ
ߺһ˿΢Ц֮˾Ȼпߺܳأǵѣڻ֪òҪôɣ
ԭǵҴвƣǣҿȷĸ㣬²޶⣬Ҫףģ
ˣһ˫峺ͬһ㣬վǣһɢĹâ
ܵĿռţû顣
ǣˣߺӵĸ̾ԷĿ
Ϊģƻռ䲻ʲôѶȣǣǽųƻռ䣬ǾҪӵǿĿˡ
ӵĿѣ˵ʵ콣ڲ֪ٱ
˭ߺɫӵ䵭ˣͻȻôһǿʵߣߺʵڲƽĶ֮
ǽڣ֮ˣ棬ȻŴ˳𾴡
ƺţǳ߼µĳƺţǵĽѾһ۷壬ߴһ۷塣
¶һ˿Цû뵽ڣȴʶ
ôһѣߺҲڷӦˣ԰ǽڣĶϿ㣡
ллڼˣôΣ
Ϊˣߺ
΢΢һЦܵĽЦݺȻôˣһһ˽
Ը꣡
ڵ˵ͷ˵°ɣϾҪĿģδɣԽĴдȥԸ˳ƺţνǸΪרŸһִϣڸߺҪ֣
ߺ˵ûǵ˼ʹǲΪڣҲԳƵģ鷳
˵⣬ߺкȻͷų⣺Ϊڣ˭˲ս
áȻûˣʦ缫ǿļ֮һƾܱȣ㻹Ҫ£ڹŲɹĺô
˵ţһһ͸ƿӳУƿ֮гѪɫɺҺ岻ƿƮ
Һױȵϣƿһ֣˶׷׵Ĺˣ־˵
ʵѪҺ֮кӴܣϣ鲻ԽĹ¡
ȴ˸ߺĽڣǿǿߣϲɢƣܵڵ⡣
Ѫߺ֪ʶ㲩֪һֻѪ˾޴ܡ
˴˽ǿ֮壬ѪȻһǿѪҺˣңǲߣϵľѪȻѪҺˡ


485 ս
ȻΪڣʶ㲩硣˵
û˵ѣߺѪȻѲ£Ƕѩط˵ܹһ۾Ϳϳģȴʵ˾塣
ѪȻǴ˽ǿѪȻô
˵ѪӤι£ἤӤǿǱӤԺ֮·˳
ңǴ˽ΪǿʳߵҲ÷ǳǿ
֮õ
Ѫģߺûʣ֪ߵļɻ䡣
ֺöһǲӵаɣȻ˵ǸҲûҪôĶɣߺĵûϽ¡
ûѵͣúΪԷһбʲô顣
˶˵ھ˴һȻ鴫ĿŸߺ
£һԲԣȶαӣһܲǰԻˡ
ǰȻϱȽϿ£ֵĿ³̶ȣǱȲϺߡ
ڴǻۣҲ֮ˡ
ûһʦ֮ıƴϣܹμӣ֮ܡ
˵⣬ߺ˫һ㿴㻹ǻȥɣҲҪҲգ
ߺĻ󣬽εĿЦһȻڵʵ˸ǿǺӾ磬Ҳȷ˿Զ˺
ڸߺʵ콣ڻ˽⣬Ϊ֮е˵ȴ֪
鱨ߺڶ춼սɱǺӾߡ
ʵǺӾ߶Ҫ˸ߺҲֻвߺϵǺӾߣܶԸߺɾѹʵ
ʵ뾳ߣһ㲻ǵǰһ㶼չڽӽĵطŬԼʵ
ΪʺǵܹǵΪĸЩ
ԣܹκθߺߣٺ٣ûС
ǺǣҲֻ̽һ£ϾҪϢȡȻ㲻Ը⣬Ҳǿ󡣡ڵûҪʲô
ɣѪȸˣα䣬˵Ҫ֮֮أʵȡǰʮٵġʱ㵽ڵأϵ֮ˣһˣȻǸмˣ
ߵ˵Ǻע˵ģǿڵأʢ˥ӵ۴αȡ
˲ǿţµǳţȥվ
˵ĵطͻˣؼ˵ǿ󣬶֮˵ķš
֮ʮֵѵãֻǺӾһµܹȡʦ֮ϵߣʵ̫ǿ󣬷ò֮ˡ
ʦ֮ıƴ֮ظУ֮ˣǣֻʤ߲ſԵõ֮ˡ
ǿϵ֮ˣﵽһ׶εʱǧѵһ֮ؾͻῪαƴ֮ؿ֮ʱ
еĲߣ֮أҪÿߵˣ֮Ϊö
ͺ͵֮һ㣬̺ǿϢΪѡ
֮ͬǣ֮Ϊ⣬ϢģʦҲյġ
ߺͷ˿Լĸĸ֪ԼʵȻǿǣȴԼԶ
Լе֮֮òǣԼĸĸ޶ȴǿõġ
뵽⣬ߺ㲻ԥ˵ͷεʦ
ǵذʦ֮ıƴֻеذϵһףʵʦˣܲμӱæ˵
㡭ߺĿڡ
ڿɬЦһȻǲμˣǣ֪Щʵ̬֮ʹҲҲֻøʮȴĸһ
ߺ΢΢𣺡ǲһ
˵ţһֻĻڴӦˣ
еѪȻܽڵƣֱߺȥڸܵǹǿĺ˫һ
˵ǰһһ˽ҰˣǾֻʣ˽ˣ˵ţӴ˼֣Ѫڿͣסˡ
ߺ΢Ц˼˽¾Ϊұڱһˣ
ûҲ֪ǿڣǿʲôزʲô춯صʵ˫֮⣬ߺ
ߺû˵˫֮౬âԿȥ
ϡ
ĵâһ𣬷һĽײĴ̶ڿɢõĹâһƬƬռ俪ʼ顣
ߺûһƿѪ뵽ԼУһʧУȻ
Ľǽ׷ᣬ̫֮Ϸȥ
˺̫֮ܿϣңңԡ
ߺ˫ۣʼԼŽԼ꺣֮еİѹơ
˵ڸߺʲôԷĻǾսľˡ
ĽʮˣȻ俴ֻʮ꣬ǣ֤ʮòʼ
뵽ߵʱʲôı䣬ڳͣ͵ʱ̫ˡ
ڵĸߺʮ꣬һʮ߰˵
־磬ѾòˣҲǺҪˣҪʵ
ߺ㣬ԼİѹƵ߽ϣԷһƾеս
ǲ֪飬ΪߺʲôҲԶԼҪߺһ䲻⡣
գǽ̲סˣһһУڽеʱϵʵȻһ䡣
ϬƳȫܵĿռ俪ʼƬƬѣ󣬽ٵߺȥ
ǿĽ֮壬ƬƬĿռȫŪ̮ˣܵĿռ䶼ݣڿС
ߺҲһмһӣŭ֮
һԷٷȥٵĽӽڣҿʼڽڵĽϿʼһһĺ
߳ɰ壬ãȻΪڣһҲУ˵ţеĽһ
ƣʹԼнƣܶΧһĽ֮壬ʼڽĥܵĿռ仹ûģڳܲסǿˡ
ǽϵŭ֮Ҳ״֮ĥ˲飬һ㣬ƿ㺮ߺתȥ
״Ľ֮ҲϵתߺҲһû뵽ԷȻǿֵز
֮
һٵĻӳЩ״Ľ֮ȥһ㽫֮ˡ
Ȼ󣬾ͿʼУ飬Щƺͺһݡ
ãȻǿ󣡡ڽһãȻֹˣеĽ߾١
죡
һݺݵȥһߴɵĽϿգݺݵߺȥ
ɲǹ⻪
ߺּٵĻӳǵߴɵĽȥֻ˲Աߡ


486 
ﬡ
ǵɽȻߺɲǹ⻪룬ǿĳ˲ֹ
ѭû٣еĽٵת䣬ϸ˿Ľڿͬһߣת
ߺҲһ⽣ȻԼ㺮רԼıص
Ͳ壬ģߺߡ
ڸߺɲǹ⻪ѾںԶĵطˣڿȻˡ
ռ
ߺ˫ֱǿĺܵĿռ䶼ˣЩϸ˿ĽȻҲֹͣסˡ
ɫ𽥵û뵽ߺȻǿֵزս˵֪սսܡ
ԣǿѹסԼеĲ죬ɫһ䡣
ô˵ЩжҲûˣǾһֶʤ֮
ϿʼŷԽԽʼߺ۶
ģߺܳЩ֪ôγɵģȻߺĸоˡ
ߺ·ڹԮĵزһ˫۶壬Ҳо
ɱһ
ܺ˽ڵһ⣬Ȼ֮γɣߺ
ǸߺûвҲоֻ֪ԷʩչһзǳĽ
֮
ߺ˫֮һγƬƬѩежʼ˰ѩ
ܣеľ󶼱סˣѩ裬ѩ״ıµĵطʼ۳ɺ
ЩҲ⣬洫˽ڵ
ʲôʲôҵĽβˣܵɢȥĳչڸߺǰ
ֻڲԶеĽѾʧˣڸߺԶһǡ
ڣҲˣ
ո˵꣬Ǵûľ֮ƿһѺۣڽڵĽġ
һǱС
˫ɱ
ٴһһУ˫棬ݺݵߺ
ͬһ޴ļڿߺ
ߺҴ⣬߳ɰȫ֮ٴʩչǼ״ȫı
ոĴڣԾ֮ûʩչȫûа취֮ס
ǣڿɲͬˣûߺĿʩչľ֮ȫٱ֮ǰü
˳Ľ֮ӡסˣУǽϲĽ潥ɺ
ڽغһεЦһ¸ʰ·磡
Լǿжߺסˣʲôǰء
Ӧûߺԣȥ˵
΢΢һЦֺγأ˵ǿþǻûʩչء
˻һЦ֪Էǽ֪ԼԲǸߺĶ֣Ϊߺܶƶûʩչء
ó鱨ڸߺӵа벽ģոսԷȴֻʩչ߳ɰ壬Ҳ֤
ߺҲľڶԷʵԼ߽װ壬ǿͨİ˲壬ԷȻڽԼô֮£԰ܼ
ߺԿ϶Լʩչȫ߳ɰҲӮöԷԶҲǰ
ʵӦòֹˣ㲻Ը͸¶ĻҲǿˣҵĵƣ֪˭֪ߺʵ
ںһ㣬Լĵȫ֪ˣôԺжѣϾˡ
εһЦֵܣոҲ˵ˣôôϢ֪Ļ㱣סģ
ͣһ£εЦҲΪʲôǸԭ򣬿Ϣ֮һЩԱ˺㽫ЩϢÿһԱܱ¶ȥϲԱһЩõʱ
ܷһ֪Ϣأ
û⡭
ûǮɣ

ߺӽڵĿе֪Լ󲿷ֵȫ֪ˣǣȴ֪
Ҳ֣Լûǰʩչ֣ʹϢǿҲ֪
֪Щߺ΢΢ġ
٣ԼһǿĵƣԷ֪
Ҫ˵ֵͲþȣҲǰˣþҪԵ˵㣬ǿޱȵȫѹסԷ
˵ֲȫͬ
˵֮󣬸˸ߺһŵͼ滭ȥ䳡ص·ߣˡ
ôһУȻĻ
ӽڵĿУߺ֪˵ĵƣһ㶼ԱսʱԼʩչġ
Լĵƣٽֵ֪֮ġ
ң˵ĵƹ֮ҲǻЩǿһ㲹ģԶԶȲϸߺĲ
ϾҪڸߺԣһЩҲΪ

ߺ˲棬˻ڽͷӶ̸۸ոոߺǸ˵ս
ʵδţδֻĿ⣬ƬĿռ̮ʵǿʲôزܴﵽ
ߺûǣҪľǸԼĺιʳѪ
棬߼Һ͹ϵеһЩȫվǣĵȴš
Ͼոսɢ̫ǿˣЩ֪롣
ߺƽ΢һߺֹסǵѯʣ˹
ӣߺš
һѪδͬܵһ㣬е޴ѹ£ֵĿ˸ߺһۡ
ѺȵӰ
ߺΣƭȥ
ոպȥϾͱǿơ
ܵƣߺһһ֣е˶Ū˳ȥƬռӡ
ȻԼ棬ʲôʱԼҲóְ
ǹϬޱȣܵһжˣռ䣬ߺվԭأĿռ䵽ߺǰʱ򣬺Ȼٴǽߺ˹ȥ
ȡ˫֮ĽɫâͷʸУɢŽĹâ
ɰȭͷ̺ž޴һȭռ䴦ȥֿʼϵĿռٴ飬ңĸӵĳס
۷ߺһ۾ͿΪ
ЩЦ˼ҵĺӣһɳģɵãһĳ߶Ķ֣
ܳɳزȷʵ˾ȡ
һлָƽʱȴεˡ
ߺ֪ͷųǿµģңð⡣
ߺɵЩпѪǿ
˷ҲƵ棬ոܵǿʮֵĵġ
ǵĸߺǵ
֥һ½ڻУֵĿ˸ߺһۣӻСҪҸιԣ
ߺΣڵ֪Լ˵ʲôǶȥֻա
ص￴ŮȥˣԼؼʱ䣬ǣֵóȥˣúܶԲŮϾŮôʱ䡣


487 ȥ
ߺŮ´һֳȥԾȥˣѵ˺ȵһֶܾˣǶûƳ⡣
ߺĻصסŮһʹ졣
ҹ˲֪۷ٴΣΣߺԼڵ촦Ϊθߺ֣Լڵı֮ڵľȻʧһɶʲôû¡
ԼȫŮУڽ˭УߺʱĺܾˣҲǺֻ֪ʧˡ
ǿű֮ڣֻʣºˡ

ߺ˿˯ŮЦЦûǱ𣬶Ǵ͵͵ߣõʱ˲ͬ⡣
θߺ˭ûֻԼء
Ϊεĳʮֵ⣬ǲģνĶϱ춼ġ
ߺٵڿздٶȴﵽ˼£羰ٵڸߺԱߵɳȥ
ȥ춼Ǻܼ򵥣ߺûнǷѣֱķȥ
ڸߺٶȣٷУֻ£ﵽ춼ߺ޷شɹûнǡ

춼ģŨ̶ȣ֪Ĵ춼߳ٱ
ߺǧʯŽȥģ㻨ѶԸߺǾţһëͲʲô
ߵǿȣͲĴ춼Աģڴ߶ģǳߡ
мߣҲ۷ģҷǸʮֵĳԣĺһ۷Ϊ
Ҳʵ͵ߣǵܶǿʦһǴߡ
뵽֮󣬸ߺȻ֣Լѹסܶ࣬ڸߺİͱѹסɶ߽࣬۷ġ
ͬȪˮһ㣬ֻҪͿУʮֵʪ
ҿռҲʮֵȹ̣ߺ²⣬ԼҲͿԶ֮ɿռѷ죬ʩչȫҲֻƵһֵĿռ䡣
ڴϣǲĵһУĵĹʹĴ춼ҲԲ硣
ȻĴ춼ʮ
ɫģɫģ֤е̫ŨˣԭӦеɫչֳˡ
ߺ죬ɵЩֲ̾ЩǽĹٽүأԭ찡
ֻϧֻ֪̫Ĵڣȴ֪죬֮󣬻̫볤졣
ûĴ춼ַΪÿһ߶Ǽǿģ棬ʲô̯
ɵĴˣǿȥɣ˵ְɱһŴ˶ǲɻרѡŮӲʮֵĶ񶾣ˣ

ЩߺûиǰȥۿҲ֮ǹ֮ͽһαӶѣûʲô͸
ڲɻߺǲм
˴ǲòˣһˣζźء
ߺҲ֪ûûʲôҪ֪ڲеλãǾͬһ㡣
ЩȻῴɵ˾ȥˡ
һ·޻ߺʼĿĵȥ䳡ھĻкԶĵط
Ϊ˫ɳĵطڲ򣬺˫ɳ͵ߣû˸ս
վסСӣҿģΣߺţȻһڸߺļһ¡
ߺĻعͷ˵λʲô飬ΪʲôҪֹҸ·
ڸߺǰվһͷӣҡȣг˽Դ
󵨣֪˭ҿɵˣοң
ߺ΢΢𣺡ԲҶԼûʲôȤοҲ֪֮ʲôְλ
󱻾ߺԶ߿ˣ׷׿ʼЦ
ֿʼˣ²ĵˣ᲻ᱻȥ
ҿɣܴҺǿ
㶮ʲôװ򶨵ӣʦ䣬֪ܶģǵ̶Ǻܸߵģ

󵨣ɵɽڣӵкǿͷӴŭɫǺ쿴Ҫˡ
ߺֻǿЦϵҲʼۣԷһ֣Լ˲佫֮
ɣͷǲСǲ֪ʵô᲻ʱһźº۵ӳڸߺԱߣ˵
ͷӿߣɫ䣺ɺڽڣô㣿
ͲعˣǣҵǶ֮еʮֺ棬֪ĸϵģڽںٺٵЦ
ڽڣʨڣļƵˡ
ǣߺ֪˲ò࣬ˮưҲ˵αװ̫ˡ
ɽڿ֮ɫٵı仺ٺһЦɵˣôɵսأ

ڽڽɽھˣתԸߺСֵܣɽתɱĵߣû°ɣ
Ǹߺ֪ɵĵϸαĳ̶ȣͽڽڵˣڲͬˣֻ֪һαӵɣȻҲͲˡ
û£ε
ⶼ£ûµĻҾˣǵʲôɣ
ߺ¶һ˿аЦһɵģһ·ߺã
˵ţڽڱһȥǸطǸǸߺҪȥķ򣬱֮
˵ݣô˵ɡ
ڽҪȥˣ֪
֪ϴֻ˵ڶʮ콣֮˭Щذʦ߻жߵ
Ӧû᲻ͣ˵ķзıҲҪߣǲ֪ߵغҲֻ׳ѣ
ûҶĳУʻҲǣŸ˼һЩ
ߺЦֹҶ컨ҶĻεֲ࣬Ὺģ
˵꣬ߺͷҲصеĿĵطȥһ·ϣûоƣΪ̫Ũˡ
ոߺǿ꣬һһָģԵҲûĶ
һ·ϣߺ˲սĳ棬ߺڼ·ûͣ¹Ҳûʱȥ򱧲ƽ
ߺɲʲôҲԼܹܵ˵ľ
˵Щսǣ󲿷һЩʦߣ۷һ֡
ߺȻܣȴûôͽɱ
ߵʱǸ߸ߺʲôʱʼˣøߺϵڡ
οԴ֮ԼȻЩѹֲסԼΪ
øߺɵּӿ˽Ųûиϱ䱨Լͻˣ߼ͻƣαˡ
Ϊذ֮УֻгߣûǺӾߣǺӾĻߺҲܲμӱˡ
Ҳߺ΢΢ЩΣԴʼ⻹ǵһβôΪء


488 ׮
ɽһǣǸ֣ǿʦ۴αȣǺӾ˵ࡣ
ߺʱ䣬ſе
ɽȥǰ·ɽһ޴ɽ
ţɽʯʮֵļӲǣóɽǺܼӲˣͺͨʯͷһ㡣
ӦɵģڲʯʮֵļӲ
ɽ֪ʲôʱγɵģܾ֮Զڻûз޻֮յʱҲ֮ûнȫϳȥʱǾͷɽá
֮ʦϵߣûκεã͸ͨûʲô
ǣ֮еϢȴ֮֮ͣ
ΪɲҪʧ˷ѣڻߣӡˣ涨ֻÿһǧ꣬˵֮ǿһֵزʱ򣬲ܿһΣңÿֻܽһˡ
޶Ϊֻʦߣ֮˵߲ܹȥ
ǹ涨˱Ĺ涨Ϊֻвϵʤߣ֤˵ʢЩ֮Ҳ֮ͣʤ߷ȥ
ոս򣬸ߺ͸оԼһϢڸߺ޵һߵӰӡ
ǲߣǸߺϵ۵ġ
ڸߺûս͸ոսƽһϵߵӰֻвһ
ﲢûսˣ֮ϣվǺӾߣվ棬ȴʲô
ȻûսߺͲ룬άģȻĻ˾Ϳʼսлˡ
ҲбȸߺӰǿģжߣ
ֱӽһɵĳȶУǣȴûһɳȣǳԽһɳȵˡ

ܼ򵥣ֻҪԼֵ涨ĵطȥȻ󣬾ͻԼʯϿ̳
ǣûп̻ʯ棬ֻǿ̻ϵһϡ
ߺʱѾкܶ˱ˣǰɴʯϣд֣ȴң˳š
ӱ˵ĿУߺ֪ʯӵ̽ĹܣֻҪдȥʯͻԶĸӦӦĽ
ߺָոտ̻ȥеǧι˲ٰ
ͬʱʯҲᷴӦߵʤÿʤһ֣иģȵ֮Լ뿪ǣҲӦʧ
ߺã⵹Ǻ棬ȻԵķ
ںдֵ̫ˣ뻹ǧˣߺŶӣһʱ䡣
֮󣬸ߺ֪֮󣬿ʼ䣬ûйģᱻȡʸ
죬ʱܶˣԸߺҲûнھ֮ת

ڹ͵Ĺ֮УߺȻһȤĵطˡ
ߺȥйۿԭһ׮˵ھн׵һ취
ΪϽģǣ֮ìܣŭֱͷų
׮ͳ˺ܺõİ취źܶ׮ӣߺµһ£Ȼʮ
ңľ׮棬żˮմ⵽š
ߺʱ˵
²£˭ʤ
ҿڻʤϾذ֮ϵˣҲͣǵذʮĸ֣㿴ˣֻһʦѡ

ߺ֮濴ȥⳡУվһȻ·ʮֿǸˡ
Ǹ꣬ʮֵĴֿ񣬲ʮӢʮֵĸ
䣬Ҳʮѣɢżǿǣûм⡣
ߺ֪ǽǿĵز豹ĵزҪֵ¸ߺʹǼǿҲȻĶ֡
ڸߺʮӣ̺żΪǿǸںп

ڲмĿ˶һۣȰ㻹ǲҪ鷳ˣҵСܹ֮ģ
˹һЦҪȵս֪֮ٺٺ٣˵ĻǾˣ
֪ȻôϵʧǱھͰһѣյһ˵
˵ڣߺϸϵˣֻڵ˳һߣΧŵȻһɵĳȣϸԼһߡ
׵ߣŭĿ˻
ǣҲֻצȴҲûзٿǸˣϵҲֻһߡ
Ӧøոսеߣڣǽйʦ
ϺȻӿǿǰٵۣһӴϱ
ǿܵĿռ䶼˿˿ѺۣӿѺۿʼ죬ռͬĲһ㡣
ţ
ǵٵڿзУҵǸľ׮ײȥ
䡭
ֻײײľ׮֮ϣǿûľ׮϶ϵľ׮洫ȥľ׮ˮȻ𣬵һö졣
öˮɰɫɺɫɺɫ죬ֱɫžǵڶöҲ˸
ͬһöˮһ㣬ɰɫɺɫ죬ɫ
ţǵööֱöҲʼ𣬵ǣҲֻɫûڱ仯
ˮŹߵ̶ȣҪõһöˮ۷ʦ
ڶöǴ۷ʦǿһɣڿˮҲ˵ڱ۷ʦϲĳɡ
ѾǷǳǿˣȻƽʦ߸һ룬Ƿǳǿˡ
ľ׮ʮöˮҲ˵ֻܲԳ۷ʦһܽˮȫŪ
Ǹ˺ܲмһڿˮǵҲֻе𣿡
Сӣ̫ˣڵ˵
ԼεķӺ⣬ǣû뵽ԷȻ˵ԼУмĿԼһۡ
ʮֵգͬʱҲΪԷֻں˵ѡ
ǣǸ˲мĿһۣۣεռƣƾȻȸոյڵķΧҪǿ϶౶
䡭
һȭͺľ׮棬ˮֱ׷ڵĵ󣬵˺ɫ
ӮˣôǸˣЦ
Сӣ⣬ôܣһľ׮Ĺϡڷ˵ţԼȻܸһתСӡ
յӹһЦǲǹϣһˣ
˵ţϵɫߣȻſС죬ڵȥſڱҧȥ
һߣȻƾһ߳СߣϿɡ
һɳڰʹķһߵĳȣȴء
һһһ߶һԽԽٶҲԽԽ


489 ڵʵ
ǸΧɫ߳߳ʱͣסˣǻصǸ˵ȥˡ
һĨЦʱ򣬸ߺ֪ڱˣҺʵȻˡ
ߺ²⣬һ֪飬֮УʲôԣΣյģʧܵģϵһᱻʤɵϽսҲǱߵһ֡
ЩԸϵˣ˼Ҿûȥֹˡ
ߺ²һӿʼʱʾȻ༤ҲҪԷˣŴӦģû뵽ԷʵȻ֮ǿԼûܵĵˣʧߵˡ
ԭһߣӺ͸ߺȵҲͬ
һɳһˮ룬ͷѾСİˣǣʧߵĳ֮СİҲʧˣ߱˺͸ߺһģ
˭һսЩȫ£ǸӾȻԳڣ⵹øߺЩ졣
ղŵûʹȫ
úҲûѵϾҲɶԷˣֻߵϣ˰ˡ
ڣƺôôأҺȺǡ
Ȼ˺Ȼ뵽ʲôֵĿǰꡣ
ˣ˵һǰںճоͽǰڻܣһȭһɽɹ̳ڵĳƺš
ߺһȣû뵽ôǿʵǿֲǣһȭһɽʵ
ɽɽ岻ͬɽҲһɽɽȴһƬɽɵġ
ܹһȭҲȷ˵˴˵ʵǿᣬѾ۷ˡ
ţʹж֣Ҳָˡ
ոջ꣬ЩɵɵģȴʮְĿܣе߶ֱĿ⡣
ߺ⣬֪˻ȥսˣˡ
ûߣͱڷˡ
ߺ۾һߺϵ˻ǱŸոսʱģеҲѹƵͨʦĳ̶ˡ
ɵİ壬˿Ȼǿ󣬵Ҳͨʦǿȡ
СֵܣһԼʵӮңһʮʯҪˣҲûʲôʧ԰ɣջߺ
һ֪ˣһķסԼˣոսˣǲ֪Լ˵ġ
ߺֻǵĿһۣ˫бâߺȴû˵תȥ
Ҳûд£ֻѣʹԷôϵء
СӣȻңڿ𣿡ߺһȴŭ˶ԶԷ
ʹ廯һӰµĵ˲ͱˣ϶
ֻǵĵ汾ʮֵļӲԲûгʲôѺۡ
ڼ˲˸ߺ󣬽ִ˸ߺļϣ˵СӣȰϽұһȻĻһ֪ȥԺжң
УһǺӾȤĿţûֹ
СһﲻǸСһȻôǿһôоôأܸоʵӦòֹˡ
ûżȥֹǵֻǽŹ֮ǣûֹ

֣ߺ˿Լϵ֣޸˵
ûеȸߺŭһȻֱֱ䵽ոյںľ׮֮ϣһҲ֮
ɱһ
ľ׮֮ϵˮʼһһööö󣬾Ȼʮöˡ
ʮöˮʼϵ˸һ£Ȼֹڳţվû
ڣߺ˵һһӰʼżľ׮֮ϣ˵
εڣòھǣͲˡ
󣬹Цڸߺļ뿪תͷŽڣɭȻ˼Ҫȡҵ
ңòҶ֣ͻ̱նɱľ׮ϣν˵
㵽ʲô˼˵
ûڵʻתߺûʲô뷨ҪҪҰ㱨أ
ߺĿһۣƾõϣұҲһ¾ǵķ羰ûʲôս뷨ҪˣҲûбҪ˶ŭ
ڵ˵ͷãǾ߰ɣ
˵ߺߣһʹ˸ߺ˵ǰ
λ˵ؽһ裬ʾʹ𣬡˵ֻҪȵĹңߡСûֵųҲû취ˣֻĴǵ
˵ţȭͷͷ¶ϱԳ켡⣬ͬһѪܡ
壬ǧɽˮ˫۱һǿľ⡣
ֲô԰أԭǿ壬İ塣ߺȵĿһۣ˵
ңԷȻӵе߳۷壬һ˵Ǻѵõġ
Էһ仰˵ȫӿݺݵǸľ׮ȥ
ǧȭӰбȭϵͬϾˣһȭ߹һȭһȭʤһȭ
ǧȭӰγһڰɵˣľ׮ѹȥ
ƣڳе˶ˣվǴһ仰Ҳ˵ɵɵĿһ仰Ҳ˵
û뵽ھôǿ֮£κ˿ҲӲԷһС
ȭһ˵ĺľ׮ϣľ׮ϵˮٵһöööֱھöʼ΢΢˸
е˶עţҴһ£ոսڵıɱһֻľ׮ϵˮ˾ö
֪ڵܷ񵽴̶ֳȣ΢Ĺⲻϵ˸ģĵУ˰ɫ
󣬼ٵı仯ɫɺɫɫһǳɣһ˲ˣʮö΢΢
˵һȻʮöʮö
ҪֻҪھ֮еʦߣܹľ׮֮ϵˮģֻɣڶöģֻаɡ
˵ʮöǧƵĳУָֻвʮ˶ѣǣڵȴˡ
ɱڵһȭ˵һȭɽˣȺкȻ˺
ʩչһУ˫ĿĿŸߺ뽣ڣôλǺ£Ծʹȥˣ
ּ򵥵ļߺôϵֻƲƲ죬ߣǣ˫۳졣
Ϊոһľ׮ٴιľ׮ԣڵϣȻӿһ߳Ҳӿ
ֻߵӰȻɵĳȣ״ҲߣһѾڰϵĿ档
ȻϵСɳȥȻĬϽˡ


490 Ÿͽ
ȡߺ֪ԼǲˣҲΪԼųֹǸľ׮ġ
ߺô鷢أ˫Уⲻϵ˸ӿ㺮ľ׮ȥ壬֮
е˵˳һ㺮Ѹٵ뵽УȻʼ飬ܵĿռ䣬ʼƳ˿˿СĿ϶
һ㺮֮ľ׮ˮö
ڹЦͣǰ׳Ū˰ԭֻƶѡ
ǣЦˣɵɵĿǰľ׮ͽĺ£ˡ
ֻոĺûоʹʧľ׮֮ǹһɫ۵Ĺâ˫ֱۣӡ
ǲ֮壬㺮ٴγɣٴ飬γ飬γ顭
ÿһε飬ˮҪһöȻʱٶ˺ܶ࣬ǣɿʼ
һһҲֹڵȴʱ̡
ģʮöҲҫ۵İ׹⣬ҽɫĹ⿪ʼת䡣
ǺÿһΣ·ڵĶһΣͬһ㣬ݺݵûϡ

ľ׮ʮöˮȻȫ˺ɫǲҫ۵Ĺâǿȴ쳣ҫۣɲ˱ĺһ顣
Ȼһ飬֪С˶ٱȴ֤ʹеˮȫ֮󣬸ߺԾʢ
ȫ·𶼱龡ˣĿŽԼȻܲסˣвϵ߶ܣôܻ䣬ǲܵģ
ǣʵǲпģߺһһ߳ߺȻӳ˹˫۱һ󾫹⡣
ûϵ߷Ӧ֮ͬһ㣬˵˶ԷϣҲϵɶԷ
Էߵ𽥵ıСߺһ߳ȴڿٵģһһĳϣڲˣԱһ㣬Ļص˸ߺܣϵӣ
ߺ˿̱ڵϵڣһ仰û˵תͻȥں֪һ㣬˿ԾһЦڸߺԶȥ
ߺԶʱľ׮֮ڲγɺľ׮Ȼʼһ˿ơ
˵һе̫ȣȻˡ
⡭׮ƻˣôûз鰡˿ߺǽнԶӰ˳뾴Ľ
ֻҪչֳԼǿʵͻõ˵𾴡
ôô죿
ôһѣҸոտһ۵ʱҲú
Աߵ˲мĿ㲻˵ʶ˼ҰɣȥǵУ˼Ь䰡
˵˵Ĳ˴ŭ漴˳˼ôǾĿأ
ߺߺˣһһУٵķġ
֪ˣ⣬˾Ȼһ仰Ҳ˵ˣ𾪵Ŀֲϣ߶µġ
Աߵ˵Ȳˣʲôô˵أҡ
˶ʱҲ̾ͶסˣҲͬһɵɵĿĽܣǸˣҲĲ

ǵһ仰Ҳ˵ˣһڴʧܵӰ֮߳ˡ
˭һҪ½Լ£ڵվһѽǸӶ
ո֪˸ߺݵ飬Ҳ
ãһ֮£סˣڣԭԼߵˣҲŹģڵĵһҪ㳢
˵գǸ˺ãﳤȥ
˷ӦԺ󣬿ֽмûˣҿ˭Ȿӣһʯģ
ˣ˶ȻҡͷʾⲻԼҲεļסĻ
пܵĻǧҪȥˣȻԼôĶ֪أȻɱǺӾ磬ȫһ߰
ǺӾҲˣҲˣҲһ㶣漴΢΢𣺡ԽԽ˼ˣ֪εذһ׻˭أ
˵ţǸǺӾߵȥڸߺûк£ܷ֮֮躣֮ǼҼʹǺһؾҲһߺʵȷǲݺӰ
躣֮ͲУڸߺȤȥͱǺӾ۸ոյˡ
ӣԼߺɽ纣˳䳡ȥ
ߺ䳡ʱ򣬱ǰǸ󾪴ˣֻƯŴССĹţҲƯľ޴󳡵ء
ǴССĹɴСһȥͷʹԸߺڵҲûа취ͷ
Щ֮УзֳɴСС
һӰȻڿУ˵һ䲻ʮˣɢǿ
Һãҽһ£ҽкغŵһĵӣ˴ʦǰεĵذ˵ǣߺȴڴ˵֮иܵ
ţȻţأߺ̲סһڿˮû뵽˾Ȼŵˡ
˫ɳڲ򣬲˵ǶߣţȻҲǶš
Ƕţһţ½û˸ԳһţᱻĶȺ֮
ԣ½ٴ޻֮չ󣬴ûгֹһš
žǲ֮УǿˣǶ
غߺĲ֪ʲôʵֻǸоԼǰǳСԷó֣ͿɱԼ
ԴӸߺͻƵ۷֮󣬴ûйĸܣ˴ڤ֮Ǹصߡ
ǺغЩάǺӾߣÿһߺвǵİ׷׶۷壬ʵǴﵽǺӾ磬ߺȻǵĶˡ
ĵߣ붫ϱĴ춼˱ֱǲԳ֮ÿһʱ򣬶ߡ
ǿȸߺ˵ǿߣͻ֮ʵҲȻЩǿϺܶࡣ
˵ߺʦţôЩҲǺӾţ躣߱躣ǾСһ㡣
һĳΣû˿⣬ÿʤ֮ϵͻɶԷģǿģǵһԺΣǰĴСеģ
غ˵ţֻǵ˵͹ףһġ
ʱ˲ԸţȻϾغǵģ
غ˵ţϱǿһӺغϿʼתֱʣ̫춼ͱһ޴Ŀһ㣬̫춼һȦȦںغͷ֮ת


491 սָ
̫죬ԷǣţһȦȦΧǸնϾغĿռȫˣӵ̫֮ϡ
ǿѹߺ˵壬ǶоͷѣΣҡҡ׹岻ϵԭҡΡ
ߺ˻꺣ҲһѣΣûһѣΣߺæԪһſĽָоȥ־Ŀĺغ
û뵽ԷȻѾǿֵزˡ
ʵҲԷô˵ҲŵĵһӣҲ˵˫ɳ״ӣǲǿ󣬷ˡ
е˶غȻĹˡ
ˣڿʼɣһһٸ䳡Ϊʮ߶ֶǵһģ
˵ţûЩ˻ѣ֮Уʼ֡

ߺֵ˵ھŸ򣬶Ǳֵ˵ʮ
鶼ǰʵֵģһڵһ򣬵ڶڵڶ򣬵ڵ򡭡ԴƣһʮȻǵʮˡ
Ͳͬˣǵģʮһǵ򣬶ڶʮǵһȻٴٵ
һģǰǵֵˣ˵ذǶ֮⣬¼ˣǲ١
ǣʵģҲࡣ
ߺΪذϵҲ֪֮ϾȥֻһˣҲ϶ֲǵϡ
ǣЩ½ҲȷЩʵģˣҲı룬ҪпܵĻǽУԼпܹ͡
ּڸߺ΢΢
ֻǹЩǿģȵɵˣԺڤڤ֮еĺôͲή䵽ǵϣǽ˸ΪǿЩ˵ĳһϡ
ߺڵʮĿǰıû˵һ仰
ϳģӣ䶼൱ࡣ
ڱ䳡֮УУ˽Уûֳʤֻߺеһܻʤġ
ΪڵǱſʼĳţǸʼЩżˣȻԽʩչԽ
Ǹ˿ƱѹסǣȻֳŵ̬ȡ
ȻǸž֮Ǹ˺ȻһУͽߵ̨⡣
ûеʲôʤߵӿֳһߣʧߵȥϵزʳĶԷˡ
ߵʵ࣬ս˺ܾòŷֳʤԣʤߵֻһߵĳȶѡ
ʧҲʧȥ˱ʸεҡͷǸ̨Ϊڡ
ڶϳģǼ򵥶ˣһǿ˶սʵ㿴Ĺ۵ˡ
ѹԵʵʮоͽ˶ˣɹʤˣӰֵʱ򣬸ߺ֪ˣһǵذ֮ˣμӹ䡣
ΪǸϵɵĳȣǸ˵ϵ̵ߵĳȡ
ߺ΢΢һЦҲǿʵģѹԵʵɵľͶ㣬ǵĻ϶ɵľ١
ͬߺǴε֮ϵ̵ߵĳȡ
һˣϾҸողμû೤ʱ䣬ôһĻӦÿԺ߾ϣ
ͨ⼸ߺ֤ʵԼ뷨¶һ˿΢Ц
һǸߺˣߺе֣ߺ弸˲ͳڱ䳡ģеȲˣҪһԼ뷨
ǸҲˣĿŸߺкߺ֪˴˵ţָڣָ
Ǳڣ˵˵ûʲôµı֡
ߺ΢΢𣺡ǵذϵԱˣȻҲôˣ
ĬĬĵ˵ͷǵذһܺͱսƺҴûӦڲûгֹ֪ʵô
ߺȻЦţЦЩϢ˼ǿҵĳƺţһˣ
д⣡
Ǿɣߺһָָڹ˹ָ˵
ߺƵĶ˵۾˲ͺˣСӣ
˵ţϱǿԼָָָڵָ˺ɫ
һָߺȥһɫָͬһ㣬ָڵָϼȥ
ߺ˫һӣһδӸߺб˳ȥɲǹ⻪
ϡ
󲨶ӽĵطųǲôĿռ䶼ʼѿˣ󲨶˷ɢȥҿ䳡ܶз֡
ߺɫ쳣䣬ҲһЩأû뵽ָڵȻǿֵز
뻯ĵزƿѾ¯ĵزˡ
ңҲǷǳǿѾ߳۷塣
ǵذ֮ϵ˶ʵôԺսȷ΢һЩ⻹ҪģҪļ˵ǿʲôز
ʲôָЩȻôǿĵزΪʲôмذϵ˾˵
Ҳ֪ǰָʲôʵŵһãʵȷôǣα䣬ǺȻ䷢֣ǸʵеָڣȻʵ
ɷָָںȻ˫ָ֣Ҳ˳Ÿߺһٵĵָָмߺϻȥ
ߺһһٴεһһָ
ָǰɹһǿϻȻڸߺһ˺ۡ
ʲôߺ˫һԼȻûеס˶ԷָѲΪԼƤ
԰ԼƤǸոյģν¿ˮȿȣˣǿʦԼ˺ۡ
Էָûв䵽ԼϣֻǾԼܽѣԼȻͱԷ˵ˡ
ߺĨĨϵ˺ۣ˵ָ֮ܲоȻڴɷҺ
ѪֹߺԿ϶ǣһʲôͨɷ
ɷ֮һͺȵһֻȴǷɷһǴսԹصĵط˵żв
ңɷ˿ڣ£ǵﲻ𾳽磬ſԽŲ𾳽ǿɷ
ǣڸߺȴ⣬ڵͱ֪߳ٱȻȪ֪ͳȥ
֮еĻȪٵӿеԼĵطͽ֮Űɷȥ
ߺоָΧɷɷԼˡ
ڣȻǿ󣡡ָڵ˵ָ֮еٴӿϾҪ춯ˡ
ߺҲ˵ǲףʵҲ˿ͳ٣Ȼֻŵһ𾪰
ڣߺͨе̽Ѿ΢΢Щˣֻɵİս»ѡ


492 
ָڹһЦҲʵȰ㻹ǱôɵˣԹԵ־ܰɣɱ㡣
ĻߺֻǵЦЦԼܰУ
ܲ׾ˣҪʩչˣȻĵƾЩ˵ѳɹߺ뵽˴ϺȻӿǿ
غ˺Ĵ˺˲㺮ں֮Ǳ̡
ҵһȫʩչ򣬾Ϊ˶Ը㣬԰ˣߺĬĬ뵽ȳС
ɲǹ⻪
һǿĹâӸߺųȥָֻǲмһЦ԰壬Ǻǿ󣬲ֻɵİ壬Ҳ̶ֳֻܹˣ
ߺһ˿ҲûУԲ֪𣿡
ָںȻһαԼİ壬ռ֮жεɷɷϵĹŸߺ壬ߺɫȻܴڵ˿˿壬ӿЩɷҵĺ
㲨Ӹߺܷߺڱ֮ĳɽһ㣬ǿĲ֮Уһ·ЩͲһ㡣
ܲȻҲ԰壬Ȼûа취ȷҲ²Ӧɷָ֮ɣߺ˵
ָĿŸߺȻܹ³ȻҲֻϧҪˣ
ߺ˵ͷֲöԷôţԼͷųɰ壬൱ͨ߳ɡ
Է߳԰壬൱Ǿųͨİ壬߳ɰ˳ɰ壬Ȼȥֻһ㣬ȴͬն
˵߳ɰߵĻǰ˳ɰǻߣǳĴ
Ͼ˳ɰӽԲ߳ɰֻн׵İѡ
ߺȴôģԷҲ̫ԴˣΪԼ԰䣬ʵʲôδ֪ġ
ԣ֮Ϊǿļְ֮һˣɷԣڲ˵ĺԶء
֮ߺ˵֮еİȻߺ֮УɢŨһ㡣
ЩŨΧЩɷ֮Χ˲ɷ֮Ҳǳǿ󣬲ϵؽйҪƱ
ɷĹҲȷǿ󣬸ߺĺȻıˣǣûЩɷӳȥ˲ֱ֮Χסˣٴν֮ˡ
ôɷ֮岻ϵƿǺֲϵɣڣɷȫľˣߺĲ֮ٴν֮Χסˡ
ʲô⵽ʲô壿Լİ屻ߺİѹסˣָ˲䲻ôгˣɫЩѿĿŸߺ
ߺ΢΢𣺡£¶ˣҾ͸㣡
ҿˣң¶˻𣿡ָᣬҲ֪ߺˣ棬æˣԼ˶ŭôκпʧܡ
ãİǿ󣬲ΪܹʤҲǰѣʤδָ֡ɫĶŸߺ˵еʼۡ
Ǿԣߺ˵
ɷһָָھȻʼֻǺҵָˣߺҲ˲ͣסˣصĿָڣȻָڵոԶ
ߺиܵ˼ΪǿܹвԼ
ߺһ·һԳ¶γɵëÿһֶޱȡ
ǰͬˣǰıֻܹߺٶȣǣŸߺԱߺĺôҲļС
Դ֮󣬸ߺжһЩϡ
ĹԼĸĽܸߺṩɵٶȣңڸߺ֮ԽԽǿķҲԽԽǿ
ߺǿԼҾ磬֮ǰıܣصȵȵں˽ȥڵıǸߺȽǿһˡ
ߺİҲܴ󣬱ϾߺЩҪʱ۵ģͿñסԷĹ
ֻȻҲգߺ˫֮кƬѩ״ıȻڸߺ֮С
ߺĺɫֳ֣ߺͷʼɰɫǸߺʼȫʩչԭ
ոոߺȻҲʩչ壬ǣһֱҪѹưΪ׼ȻˣԼɰȫͷų
ѩ׵ͷŵİˣĮ
ɵıڸߺĴţ󺮷˫ϱĴڵ۳һ㺮
ɱ
ָڵˣ䣬ߺûȥԷΪֶԷз
ڴһеʱѾʼˣһеʱܵɷȻγ磬ڸߺܿʼת
ŶԷĲγɣǹɷҲԽԽСΪԷһĵزȥ˵Էͻ̵ķ
⧲֮£˵ԸҲ˵
ʵ֤ߺȷģǵָиոռʱܵĿռ͵ȫˣĿռȴֻǴѿѣûб
֤һжڽĹԶԶĸǿһЩԶҲ˵
֮ߺ˫֮з·˰ѩ֮УҲȻߺ˫֮һۣ˰ѩ
ƬƬ״ѩȴǱİɵ
Щ½ϵʱ򣬵ϿʼɺռУҲʼƾ𺮱
Ȼָٶȼ죬κΣЩѩʵ̫ˣţëôһƬ䵽ġ
ոձѩմϣָûоʹסɷǲϵİս
κΣߺһмֱ̫ǿˣԼıԷӵ쾡£Ҳȫˡ
ָԽԽǵԽѩ䵽Խ࣬ߺǰʱ򣬸ߺѾʼӦˡ
˲䵲Լǰֵסָһ󣬴ӱĵطΪԭ㣬۾Ȼÿʼɢ
顭
ƬƬ飬ָҲжµĲˣߺٴͷһɲǹ⻪ͽָ롣
ûȸߺϢַɹָ̺ɷ֮塣
ߺҵɲǹ⻪ٴηǼָȫг롣
ڸߺֱַ࣬˼ָߺɰת£ֱ໮ȥ
˫ɲǹ⻪ߺŭ
δӸߺ˫бȥָٴи롣
ߺһнָ꣬ͳָɣָڵ洫˽
ߺ˫һأΪԼָո£ûȷӦ˷ٴγ˺ָܶ
ЩָٵߺһҪߺء
ߺһΣЩָǳǿǸߺУȻĻпΪ˶ܵ˺
û취û뵽Ȼǿֵزˣߺ˵뱣һأҲֻܽвþˣ
˵ţߺһĿڸߺĶͷ֮ϣĿ֮кȻǿĺߺܣЩĽЩָס
ҵָڵĵطĿ֮кȻһѩ״Ĺ


493 ֹסʤ
ɷ񣡡ָڿǺӸߺ֮мʱ򣬾Ѿ֪ˣ˫һд˳
ʳָѨһɫϢϵشɢΧʳָΧͣתתͷ·Ǻɫһ㡣
ǺɫϢռ䣬ռ̿ʼѺۣ·ɷһ㣬ͬһĿռ䡣
ǳռ俪ʼ΢ѣߺĲþǰʱһҲոγɡ
ɷĿ񱩣ǸطϵӶȥƬռ䶼ʼ𶯣ѺۣЩѵĿռȻʼ̮
һָ񱩵ɷߺĲþȥ
ǣôǿ󣬶κβǲþþ˲ʹ洩ܵɷ
ǣЩɷȴĵ˲þһЩԵߺþǵָס֮ҲĵһЩ
þǲþþӵ˸ߺһ˿걾Դԣڡ
ǵѩ״Ĺ뵽ָڵĻ꺣֮Уһ˿˺ԷҲȷȻٵĽߺĲþˡ
ָڸոսþڵʱ򣬸ߺĵǹ⻪Ѿֶˣɵָڵǰͣסˡ
ָ̾һʵ֮ұΪһΪһأû뵽ǿˣ
ָ֪ߺˣǸߺᣬֱӹôڵһˡ
Ҳõ˸ߺĵ֮һ˵Էȷǿ٣ǽûеƵĻȽڱҪǿࡣ
ߺӿһһָȥָڵҲӿֻ߳ߡ
ԷǰȷôȻĻҲֻߵĳˡ
ߺֻɵ˶Էһߵĳȣ㲻ˣϾߺսʮֵѡ
ֻܵĳߵĳȣָϵҲֻһĳˣָڲ̫⣬Ŀ˸ߺһۣû˵ʲôתȥˡ
е˶ˣе˶ʼɬǿǲˣû뵽ָھȻ١
ĸԽ࣬ԽΣա
ʵ˲ôˣǿѡٴսģԼÿսʮΣǰʮˣͻΪ׵ˣԲμһ׶εı䡣
ָڲûгȥ˵ʵҲǷǳǿᣬߺһ·ն˵ذҲ˵
ıߺûйۿֻԼҪʱ򣬲ȥء
ǣߺıһȴǼߺôǿѾˡ
ϸߺߣԶ䣬ԣߺϵҲûг٣ϾЩ¸ߺģʵҲô
ڣߺϵ߻ûеһɵĳأߺҲżֻĬĬĵȣ֪սʤģܹҪһġ
ָڳǴߺһ֮󣬾ҲսʤԷԶ䣬ǱһָܣɷȻǿ
ָڵ֮·׷ײ˵ʲôˣָϵ˾ȻȸߺĿ죬Ѿһˡ
һڶսڣ
Ǹߺ峡ˣһǿˣڣа֮ϣʮǷǳǿġ
ǰʮھͲ֪ˣϾе߻е߾ͻ˲
֮£βǺҪˣߺ֣ԷȻָڣǣѾɳͽڲĵزˡ
ָ̣ߺ˵ʹǿˣûŰ裬˵Щ˸ͲС
Ҳεĵ˵ͷܲߺָڶˣո˵ı̫ˣԣȷԼǸߺ˵Ķ֡
һָ̣Ҳеε˵
ߺûдôŹԷϾƶɮѣԼϵٲĻôԼпһ̭ĵز
ⲻǸߺϣģβ֮أôʹˡ
Ͼ֮صˣǳߣͻû£ǣǱȳ߸һ˿Ҳܽˡ
ҲȷǿһɽŸߺȥߺɫȻֻӶ˫֣֮ͽǿƾˡ
󣬱Ǽпٵɲǹ⻪ڵָڱûǿԣɲǹ⻪ȥڳ׵ˡ
ϵҲǿ󣬾Ȼɶ೤ˣڰշתϵչʾԼܡ
ΧȴߣҲԵ״ߺȥϵؿŶԷ
ԲϵؼСٶʮֵĿ죬Ҳ𽥵˻ԱߣߺΧȴڲϵ
ĳߣߣߣ߳ߣ𽥵ģĽӽһˣ߻ǲϵɡ
ѾСˣ֮ϻһ˿ԵԣǣҲڽС
𡭡
ߺߺȻһ˻弱ͻƵһɵĳϡ
Ÿߺ˵ͻƣϵˣС֮ˣԵģҲûԵϢֻʣɶ೤塣
ڰתʹ˦Լ壬廹Ÿߺߵɣϵ
󣬵ߺΧߣٴεͻƵɣ߳ߵĳȣſֹͣ
Էϵǿ󣬸ߺߵɣܹɵĸࡣ
ҪǶԷϵ˱Ͳǿָɶ٣ߺϵڼѾ߳ߵĳˡ
ϵȴڲϵСѾĳˣ˵һʧǣ̫أǱȸߺϵǿ
Ҳ˵ֽĻߺǲܽǰ˵μľˡ
Ҳȷùģߺսָ֮ڡ
ԷֻǳʮУͽڴˣϵٴαɣֻĳˣֱɵ˲ɵĳȡ
ڵָߵĳȵߺˣǲɵĳȣ˽ڵϵ˹ϷˣȻڻҪ
ɱԼǿ˵ջ󣬻񫰡ߺ˵
ָվڸߺԱߣҲĵ˵ͷԴǴα䣬ȻΪ˺ѡ
ʵҲǺѣҲǱȽ̸ѣΪָ֪ߺһֱûʹȫոսڹһΣЦ˸ߺһ¡
ߺʹɫڿˣٴǻм䣬֪ˣոոߺˡ
ڸߺɵĻЩˣȴѡЩͬΪǸȼķڷ
ʵָڸ߿ߺˣߺֻĥԼսѡ

³ڶսǹڣһǺӾߺš
ߺ˫һڣʱˣǹڣߵĸ֣ߺҲǷǳԷսϾϵ˱ϾǿʱԼֿԴһˡ


494 ɻʤ
ǹڲǺվͬһ˳ǹһֱͦɢǿ˲ڵϢ
ڣȷǿ󣬵Һԣ㵽ǲ˵ǰǿǲǶأǹ֮󣬵ĿŸߺ˵
ߺ˫һУǲ㣬Բ֪ˣҿɾ㣬ʵĽǺܲпģ
˵Żߺıȴû˿ı仯ǵվǣҲûκεĶ
ǹ֮˫۱ŷɱòСӣǹݺذô꣬δ˸Ҷ˵Ļˣ
ͳԳ԰ɣ˵ţߺôȥ
ȻԼǾԼ⡣
ŸߺһԼǹҲ֪ոԼĻе󣬵ǣҲĿߺ
ΪߺָڸոֻѣʮڣͲУߣһܹɱʮ
ңĴǵģԼʵΪѾɳһֵزǰżǹѾǹ¯ĵزˡ
ԸߺȻҲĴôںߺأ
ʵİߺһţһߵ˵ǹҲˣҲǻߺ
ȻûлῴҸǿʵˣǹһЦ˵

Խ˵Խ˾ߵһĵزʱǹȻͣסԼĽŲһһ˰ɫĳǹУǿĸߺȥ
ߺҲ˫һһԱ˲ԼǰܽĿʼ˰ѩ
ǿ׵ĽռƵǹߺı򽵵˺ܶܣ漴ݺݵĶڸߺǰһԱ֮ϡ
ϡ
ǿ𣬸ߺǹڷ׷׺ˣǹһӦҲǲ漴ǰеǹߺ˫ȥ
䡭
ѵʱ򣬸ߺҲһˡ
ǹڲûΪ˸ˣΪ֣ԼľȻֻǸߺһѣĸߺԼ棬һӣһĺδɢȥ
һȦԲ״ǹնȥǹڵתǹͷһǹǹɢǿǹâ
ǹâ쳣ܵĿռ䶼ǹâ̳˸ǹ

ǹâɲǹ⻪˲˺ˣɲǹ⻪ǹϣǹ·ʲôƷȻסɲǹ⻪
ǹһ֪ɲǹ⻪֮еİæĵǹϣǹٴɢǹâ
ǣεǹâ֮ǿȴźܴĸı䣬ǰߣֻɢǿĹâߣɢŹâİǹӰ
ǰǹӰʱ˲ͽߺɲǹ⻪˻ȥߺȥ
бǸߺģôܱԼܣһӣɲǹ⻪İ壬׷׷𣬷ȥ
ɲǹ⻪Ҳʧˣʣ¹âˣȻҲûʲôˡ
ߺƾǹâԼйûκεˡ

ǹڽߺȥ֮ٵߺϵҲ׵ıߺĸоԷǿ󣬾Ȼ߳۷塣
ָȴ˺٣Ͼָڵİ԰壬߳ɵ԰壬ǹڲ֪߳ٱ
ǣǹڵǹó뻯һ֮ʣߺ
ǹڸ߸Ծ϶£еĳǹٵĶ̺߳ǹ֮ǹâ漴Ǹ˳ǹ֮ɢ
ڰĳͣͬһ˸˳ǹŸߺĳǹȥ
ߺȻǲһֱȥģпʼۺǺһС
֮ߺָһǱоͷ˳ȥǣûбκεĶԼˡ
ıУɴССıУ׷׵ĻЩ̺ǹ֮ǹӰ棬ЩǹӰ׷ױ
һССĲӿɢķƼռ䶼ˮһĿռ䲨ǿģʼ˿ռѷ졣
Զأûʲôˣ˵ţߺ˫֮кâӿ
֮
к˰ѩţҲ˰ѩ
ǹڼ̾ͱˣڰУ׹ߺ˫뻮ɲǹ⻪УŶԷȥ
ô̶ֳˣɲ𣿡ߺʵ
ңģΪҲƣ˵ţǹ˫ۿʼĳ죺Ѫǹ
ǹڵϺȻӿһŵѪѪƿ˾֮ı⣬ڿвϵӿ漴ߺȥڰյʱ򣬿ʼ۳һѪǹ
Ѫǹ֮дǿǹ֮壬ңǹǹ֮
ռ俪ʼ飬ߺ˫һɫʶûУȻ˵ĹִǾĲˣ
ߺ˫ٴαϣʱ˫֮Ѿǳź⣬ɵĲ֮ȫıˡ
֮
ͬһУǣո˵ߺµѩСѩĻôھǱѩѩŰĳ
ߺޱ飬˵
˵֮ѪǹǿȻʼֹͣʧͣԭأ·û˵һ㡣
ǹڿѪǹȻߺɵİסˣʼһɣߺһȶ
һž޴ĹڸߺУ۳˹ңߺһǰеѪǹߺ
ߺһѽ֮У乭˫۽ıϣҲԲ
ȻطҾͳȫ㣬һΰɣ˵ţе˵ļ֮һ
˵ţŹҵ֣ɶǼ֮ͬһ㣬ٵǹڷȥ
ں˱ֱĿռѺۣ֮У·ֻʣһ֧ĶȻʧɫ
ǹڱЩ壬ϵȥǣκθߺһ죬һ׷ٵĹܡ
תıߣļ棬·һҪء
ɶ񣬸𣡡ǹϣٴӿѪҺڿ۳һǹǸȥǿԺȥ
䡭ǿ𣬸ߺľ֮ͱߺ˻ȥǹڵһѪǹԼѪǹγɵǸǹҲӰˡ
ĿŸߺǿ־壬ʧѪ࣬ոԼУҪ˵֮ǰȴǸߺǣǺ͸ߺȴûһĸ֮
ô㻹䣬Ҳνķڷߺ˵ţڶͷλϣγһֻۡ
ողþõߺѾ֤Լʵٴʩչǲþǰ࣬ǹŵûɢ
䣬䡭
ո˵꣬ߺϣ߾ͳˣ˫ĿĿǹڡ
ǹڵϣҲʼγһ
ɣצǣԸߺߣȴû˿ķ֮ɸߺ
ߺ߲ϵı仯˫ͷ֮ϣȻѳһԽǣҲֻצ


495 һ
岻ͣı仯ԣҲڲϵ󣬾Ȼɵĳϣǹڵϳȡˡ
ǹϵһ±ߣӰɵĳϣֻߵĳϡ
ߺĵ˵ͷܺãˣʱܹΪɳȣҲˡ
ǹڴͷɥ߳˱䳡֪ԼҲָڵĶ֣ոյȻǼٵģô˵ڵָҲԼ
ԣָڱʱǹֱӸɴ䣬ָյûиߺĶࡣ
Ͼڵǹϱûгˣǳȡһߵĳȣָڵ˳ĳɳ˲ɵĳȡ
ֽαϵҲɳԵĵز
ɵԣ֮¶ߣ֮ϱ㶼
ߺûôˣԷɴˣڸߺϽ˵ĵһˣ˿ƥУ˭ߺб䰡
ǣߺϵѾɵĳȣַ׷״ˣټ϶Է˱Ͳôǿ֣ߺֻһߵľ롣
ʧĵǷǳĴһˣʧߵˣһʧ߳ߵˡ
ڸߺϣֻһ˿
˵ҲԽԽѣٶҪҲǷǳӴġ
ʱƣıҲʼĲβߺһҲʼβ
һսڶսǹڣ˵ԼôǹڵĶ֣ԣǵˣҲʡ˸ߺ˲ٵʱ䡣
ܽ˵ߺһ࣬Ըߺʱ򣬸ߺֻսһָڵһһڣһǹڡ
ģϸߺǷ׷䣬ʵҲ룬Ըߺ̬ʱ򣬻ֱأŰһ١
ߺνֻҪսʹ죬ûʲô˵
ڣߺܣԵĳѾˣһʼǹڵİɳǲ˺ܶࡣ
ǣ֮ǰߺԼ˵ĳȱȴ˺ܶࡣ
ĳɣǼֱʵķԾָڣܵˣӽɣǲ̵ˡ
ǹڣȻһʼ½˲٣ͨŬѾɳˣߺУļɵ־塣
¸ߺٸôһΣһοǳȥһˡ
Ҫ˵Ҹߺڵǹȴû뷨ϾԷ̫ǿˣһֱѹԵʵԼս
ֱһָȻ٣ǿҲһЩ
ȥ֮רһСӣһ¸ߺϣ͵˵ֱ漣
ң棬Сǧʯʯһ
Ҫ֪ս֮ǰ˽ֵϢǱȽܵߵĲмģǣֲܷ⡣
ԣֻýǮ˺ü
ǹڿ˸ߺĽ֮㷢ģҲߺսˣǶʲôʵ
ȻɱǺӾǿߣûţҸͨǺһأ֮һɱԷ̫ˡ

ǸǺӾ߻һֵˣɵЩΣαҲԵ̫쳣ˡ
ģ۴αȣ͵Էˮһ򵥡
һڣڶָڣǹڣǺӾڴš
ߣңңҲʮֵأΪɵе̫ˣȻֻһˡ
ٻùһɣΪҪǣαһڶĻѡˡ
ڶָڣǴ󲿷ֶʶذϵĵһû뵽ξȻô󣬽ǹڶˡ
ǾȵǣεһĻѡˡڡ
û뵽һתСӻȡ˵һֱ̫ˡ
ôأܵˣһ˽ڵʲôˣ
ڵĴʮֵǿڼǺӾУȻѣ֮ЩǺ֮޿κΣ
ĵģ
ˣǶ춼ġ

ߺϢһıЩھˣҶʼעһĺҺпشŵĺ
ʮ䣬棬һɭ۾˸ߺߺߣڣҪԿͷҾͲţҵĵƴ򲻰㣡
ߺ֪Լڵˣң¾֪ˣҲʲôӦɡ
˵ûʲôѶȣ˴ǰҪΪ֮뻹һ顣
ǵѪ֮еǱܱˣֶôܲмأ
ֻҪ˵һ֮Լʮͻõı𣬻ʢ˥ȻǶõıˡ
ڣߣǲȥһɣָͣߺǰ˵
ߺ΢΢𣺡ô㻹ûǮ𣿡
ֻҪлһ£лл飡ָҡҡ֣ߺҲνĻ˻֣ãҲˣȥһ˵һȥ
˵ţߺŵʮȥʱ򣬽Ѿˣߺ߹æӭ
ڳֻ֪ԼЩ˺͸ߺһȽ׵ģǸߺΪ˰˵Ѿǳˡ
֪ǣߺе۷廹ԶΪɫĲ֮ɵ겢ûȫָ
ǻָˣߺʵǸǿһ߼
ָڣҲǱȽģȻô̶ֳȣ⼸ָڿŬ˺ܶء

ߺߺ󣬽ڵĽϬļ֣Ǳߺ˴̼ġ
ǲмһЦ򷨣Ψ幦һǿʲôʲôǿ󡣡

ߺָڣȫһƫƧľ¥Ժȣζȴǲ
ֻǣĳе̫žˡ
ҷǳƫƧָڴ֣ԽСŽߺ
ǸƹݵĴŵʱ򣬸ߺΪϴͷءʲôӪ
Ƚرյƾľţ޲ҲǺܴżҲֻһ׶׵ĸ߶ȡ
֨ѽѽ
ľŴ򿪣ǹݿһǣ֮ɴ˴򿪡
ֲܿߺ΢΢𣬲ûΪŵǷȤ
Ҫ˵ǵķ̶ȿԲܴôһϾɷľƹݣƫƫָ˵Ҿƹݴںܶˣûбҵˡ
һ˭ὫǰŪĸûʣһݻĸоҪǸ߹š
ҵ꣬ƫƫŪĸһ㣬˲ҽ
ޱȣһֻ޵һ㣬ſԼĴ죬Ҫߺһ̽ȥ
ߺǣ沢ûùζҲǳѬ죬ɢһɵ㣬·ʲôζһ˱ǡ


496 ɳ
˭ɣ棬һϵ·Ѿֻ̤˹Źһ
ߺһסָڣǺڵ꣡
ô֪ģûƣ˼𣿡С

ߺһ˵Цţһ˽ȥȥ֮󣬸ߺеĲͬΪ濴ֻԲʮɣ֮󣬸ߺȴ֣Ȼ硣
ԼǧɵĿռ䣬ߺŵõһֿռΪֻһ˿Ա⣬ǾĶʦ֡ס
ƮһռڸߺǾ岻ء
ȻԷһױԶǣȴҲʮֵĸ
ܶǺΣѾƾɲˡ
ڹ̨ϣһȫɰͰͣݵͷվ°֧ͷ­Ǹո˵ˣߺΪѾء
ָȴʮֹߵ˵ǰľһǰ
Сӣͷ𣬷·ڤǸɿݵ֦Ħ
Сǰ
㻹ǹȥɣ
ָĴ󺹣£רŴģΪ˸лǰĴ£㣬ҲѰҲɷķţԼ֮еɷգγ԰壡
ԳСӵˣ̧ͷϵɼһŸɿݵƤһ㣬
ѣСߺǻǵ˫֮кȻǿҵĹâߺ
ߺоԼǰ嶼·͸ˣһ
ϲôߣжӿûߺ˫֮бһĺâͷȥ
ȿȿȡͷֻǿ˼ǿͣٵγһɳߺĺâˣûһ˿ķˡ
Сϲ˵ϲô֪֣ѲʶҵĴ磿
ȥ㡭ߺᣬָŶԷһ仰Ҳ˵ָġ
֣ǰǰҵĶˣָԱߵ˵
ߺ˫ֱ磬ν˵ֲҵĶˣ
СֹסҪ˵ָڣСһ˵Ķԣ˵ûгĶˣȤˣ
Сӣ㲻ҪôˣǺȾģʲôþƣ;ɣߺһԵλϣޱ˵
̡СӴŴ˵
Ǹһٽߺ˵ģ˸ǮСӾǡ
˵ţߺָָָڣƽָԵеָڣߺָԼȻɫ
С˵˵ڣɱҰụ̂һٽ֪ʲôǮ𣿡
ߺҲˣû뵽һʦߣȻһٽľƶ
̣СֵܣƣҲֻܺˣСӣ㲻˼ˣҲ˵̣Ҫţ
ʱһͷ󺺶Ŷ룬ĴЦ̣
˵⣬󺺺Ȼͣס˵ˣĵĿСһۣĸĵƺȫԲˣСֵܣǶԲ𰡣
˵ţһƨ˸ߺĶ棬豭Ц
ߺɫȻ˵˵ˣҪһٽ
ۡȿȿȡ󺺽еĲˮȫͬʱĩһ㾪ĿСӣ㣬һٽ⡭
ɫǰСӣܸܲˣûдôǮ
󺺵Ļߺˣո̽һ´˵ΪȻףøߺЩף˵ʲôͷ
Уƹݵʲôأ𾴵СӺӵء
ɳƹݣһǸŲ˵ģСӣǺϻ㹺һٽſڴȻһŮӡ
Ť欶˵壬ߺ߹գ˳ԣǳ֮УԴŵɬ˫ۣߺ޷԰Ρ
˵֮ͬҪɽ̽޵׶ܣ
Сֵܣ֪㣬ԸԸæ
ߺϣŵҵϢ޷԰εϢߺҪŮ˵жǸͷǰٽ̡
ãŮ˺øǿı£Ȼֻ붯ɥʧǣ㱻ƣߺкȻԪһǸŮ˵׾ȻϵڸߺĻ꺣֮г֡
ߺԼѾŮ·һ£ǹ⻬׵Ƥ欵ģչڸߺǰ
ʱСǰˣȿȿȣŮӣĹƣСҵȻһӭǣ˺ҵĹ˿ͣ˾ҿɳﲻ𰡣
ķ֮ͬԣߺӻ֮
֣ԼѾʼ뿪ǸλˣСȥָǸӵĲѾߵСӵߣָҪСˡ
ߺȻͷǵǸ˫Ůӣͬ˱һ㺮䡣
е̫ˣȻڲ֮ˣߺǰ벽궼ûκεá
ߺҲ֪ƹݵ֣ɳƹݡ
С쵰Ǻ˵أСֻһ֪λ˭ҪСӰ˵
İ𣺡ҵģ͸С˵ˣ
ǿһɾ磬ߺ֮е񶼱ɢˡ㱻ϵΪ
ˣߺֵǣԼָио֮⣬ĺûʲô仯ΰʶһ
СҲûдӦ۸ߵãǸԳ۰ɣС˵
û뵽˷һ
ҿЩһûֻңٸҲ߲ȥ
Ȼ˾͸о֮ͽһ㣬ּۻۣ󣬳УߺǵļǮ֪Ϊʲôָ˵
˫ļǮͲʲôʯǲ֮ʯ˵̺ŲҪÿһ鶼ʯԱġ
˵ļӼҲʮֵСģԿϾ֮ʯҲûж١
˵ھģǻȭ
һָͷҸͲˡ
ֻС۷䰡ڻаɰžž
󣬻Ǹ欵Ů˸ӵĸУȻóʮ鲻֮ʯСӡ
֮ʯǺɫģʯûʲô𣬵ǣؼеĺɫȻɾһ·ĳķʽ
ң֮ʯóʱ򣬸ߺоԼ֮еܵ˼Ϊǿѹƣʲôһ㡣
Сӽ֮ʯʱָоʧˣߺֲָĿСӡ
һƿװŵģ汻ϵĸŸӣǣзǳŨҵľƮŵζѾߺˣһ㡣
ңƿ֮еľƾȻڲϵı任ɫӳɫɫɫһγɲʺƿС
Ůù͸ʲôƵģϽ봢ָ֮УȻ˶û˵ҲƵˡ


497 ʮս
ϻڵǸŮӣѵ֮ϲһת㲻ˣߺٻͷʱǸҲ֪ʲôʱʧˡ
Сӣ̵ʲôҺȻЩǿߣò֮ʯȡƣߺ˽ʵ
СЦЦǱ˧Ի˰ɣʵСȻ˧ȴ԰ΪΪʵɵģ
ߺ˿ϸɰͰ͵Сģϵƣһһ㣬͵һ飬ܼһֻӬŻؼţŻ
󣬸ߺĶӣСӵ޳벻Ҫˡ
ָڶСʩһȻŸߺ˳ȥԼԼпԿҪµı顣
˽нԶӰСȻЦС޲ǸбڵģҸ˵ô¶ǵģҲֻˣ

ߺȴûô࣬ҲƵܳɳվ洭ţŬСиɵ˺
ҲˣСӵͿӡԴƵġ
ָ׷ڣ̫ʧˣ֪ǰжôǰбɷŰһҲȥʹ࣬ǽԼİ԰壡
ʲʲôŻָôһѣߺٴŸɰͰ͵̲סŻ
ָںԼĻ䣬˫룬ԶֻҪڵģǱģǿ󣬲˳ȻΪʲôŽأ
ߺΪȻĵ˵ͷ˳ָڿȥǸȥţǲҲ׵ǣڿʲôѲ˵ʱԶŮ߹
ڴ֮УȥûȥԾƣΪ֪ԼûȥȾƵıҪˡ
ǣǲϢһ£ԽĶ
Ҫ֪ĶһӵĲпᣬԣջǾһ¡
ߺûķѶٵȥֻһڣǸСӵĻһ
Ȼ˵Сӳòզأǣ˲ò࣬ˮɶ
ߺȻиһ˿˿Ըߺ˵ǱȽѵõģԣߺصǾ仰
ڵģʹȻģ伤ҵķβ˳ȻŽܡ
仰øߺ뵽ˮ֮ˮ֮Ҳںˮﲻɡ
һͨͨ
ǧȴ;ͬ飬򷨹һ

ʱ䣬ڸߺĹ֮УһһĹȥˣڵĸߺ˫ۣеĺ·԰
ǣ״̬ûͣ೤ʱ䣬˲䱬ǿĺߺǰһжС
ҾĴкԶ·Ҫ߰ߺɵø̾
漴վȥָȺˣߺոտŵʱҪߵš
ţָڻΪǴˣʵǸߺͲˣ΢ЦĿָǰΪ£
ô޵ģűŤϿϾҪʱˣָڼææ˵
ߺҡҡͷˣǵʱոպá
˵ţߺ߳ȥˣ˵䳡ʱʱǸոպãһ룬¶ñʸ
ָڲĿŸߺôһϹȥҸоӵгأ
ߺһЦˣڱг񣡡
ڿߺϵĸԼؿڣǷˣڶʲôʱˣȻʱϹ׻㣬͹ʱˣ
ߺνҡҡͷǰȥֻڵı䳡棬˵ǲ̫ˣֻһˡ
ǰɽ˺Եÿ˲١
棬Ͼغƾնǣȴ˫Ŀһ仰Ҳ˵һ·ԼڣԼһ롣
ߺԷϢоЩĿźغںغڵľ磬Ȼ֪
ǣ״̬ȫǼ״̬
״̬£һֹʲôĻЧòˡ

ʱոչãغ۾Ȼ˫֮кŴǧ硣
ڣ֮俪ʼÿһߣҪһ߽бʤģԽʮǿ
һ¿νʮֵĸˣȻҪȾʮ
ÿһ˶ҪȾʮһһٸˣǾǧνһӴ֡
ǣҪˣʮ䳡Ҳ˵ͬʱԽʮ
Ҳ˵ÿһ䳡ҪоŰٳı䡣
ߺǵǣȴˣһʼˣǱˡ
ĵһǶսˣߺսʼĻ
ߺҲûڲ׾һаܵУЩ˵ʵߺȣҲԶʹڸߺֻʹõɰ壬ҲԴˡ
кܶߣǿߺǿ󣬸ɴһ䡣
ߺͬȴģһˣǾǵһˣ˾һһˣǵڡ
ഫ˵ĵʮֵĺ֮սϴʵǿÿÿ֮սˣǾŸзϵġ
ԣǶԼʵ൱˽ˣȻĻû˸ս
ˣҲ˴˺ַϾһս͸ӼһЩˡ
ߺ뵶ڼͬʱɵԼսַ׷׵Ļܡ
ֽһߺɶԣʼڣȻѾʼɻˡ
ɳӣڰŸߺս̲ŭƺˡ
ԷߺûսȾ͵ˣҪսˡ
ߺΧ˵Ҳڽıĵزˣսʤһɳ˵ˣ͸ߺٵĶ
һ߶ˣʤޣ˵ֶҲܷŹ

ڸߺѾˣЩˣʵۿۣԣϢһ졣
ߺսʤ˽ʮˣϵѾ˺ܶˣ˫ð⡣
ߺܵ裬·һ׳ľۣߺڽǰ䣬ûгֹ
غ˫ңңŲԶ޴ɽ˫֮б󾫹뼤Ŀ⡣
Ͼغ֪еءߺĿԶĺغһۣû˵ǹؿۡ
ЩŵķǺغۿɽ
ߺ΢΢𣺡ҵҪʲôأ
ʱһһĹȥߺսҲӽβڸߺѾֻʣһˡ
ʱҲѾȥ죬ʱ䣬ߺܹսʤŸˣνһ˲š
ǣҪļ˺ûдǾÿĵһ
ȻǵñָǣܹΪһĵһʵҲԲС
οߺԴսֻԼɰ壬һһ˿û
ߺһɲǹ⻪һ߻ܣߺ֮ϵİɳ˫ۺȻð⡣


498 Ѫ
սʤʮ֮У˽ڣҲûа취飬ϾڵʮȻڡ
ڱǾɱ¾֮塣԰壬ǳǿˣǣû뵽ھȻӵǿ
սڻˣ⵹ߺ΢΢졣
ûзϣƾͷۣߺɿа취
ߺ֮ϵӶԷϻʱȴ˿ûб仯ϾԷһˡ
ţʮɵ֮ſԿ֮أҪŬˣߺ뵽
Ȼ˵ʼ֮صʱ򣬿ԽȥˣǣߺȴΪ֮Ȼǿ֮صԿףôܹģֻܹμӵģ϶һ
һ±ȽϵĻôǰǣЩҲֻǶѡ
ңңһĵڣֵһƬӰĲƵĵӰ֮УһƬϢԷֱۿˡ
Ҳҿ˶ÿ죬ȻĻֱ۶ûˡ
ߺ޵Ŀ˵һۣƽȥˣ֪ԼǵڵĶ֣ӲĻ˵ԼСͶˡ
ߺڣҡҡͷɱ¾̫󣬺ֻΪɱһ㣬ôöԸģǴ˰·ȥҲѳɴ
ѳɴ˵˵ʵУ׶Σ˵ʵ˵޵ˡ
ǣվñۣ˵ɱ¾֮˵ѾＫˣǣȥĻ϶;
ڸߺսãǱߵĵҲԼеսתߺ
˵Ŀһ𣬼ƬƬ𻨣ߺ֪Լһսڿʼˡ
Զĺغ֪һ㣬˵һڰʮһսȫʤڰʮһսȫʤڵڶսڣ
ߺ˵һ˱ˡ

ڣܲ񰡣ȻҵǰߺոڵͿʼ
ߺ¶һ˿΢ЦǰǲôǰӦûвذɣ
ôĵӣȻң˫ԽԽ
ڿֻʮ꣬˫֮УȫɺɫģͷҲɺɫͷŸߺ˫۳ɱ⡣
ܷ·ѪĿռ䣬ܵɱߺÿһڿɱ֮ӿ˸ߺ塣
ڸߺ֮ŰߺĻ꺣֮гȥ
ֻ̫СߺˣûеߺԺЩɺɫɱ¾֮壬ͱߺ֮еĺˡ
ãܺã̫˼ˣԽԽ˷ˣڵв˸źɫĹâǼȵɱ֮塣
ǣߺȴиܵ˱ʲôĴڣɱ¾֮壬ңӶԷ֮У
֮壿ߺһȣû뵽ʣ뵽˽Ľ壬ҲȻˡ
Ȼн壬ǾͲе֮
ûж˵֮еӰߺֵߺĲ֮ȥ
һѪɫĵֵγɣֵߺĲ
ɲǹ⻪ߺ˵лһƬΣԷѪɫȥ
ϡ
˵ڲϵĺˣոཻĵطǿĲܵĿռɲ֮£ȻͿʼˡ
ߺɲǹ⻪ȻԷĵһ𻯳Ƭߺû̫ʱ侪ȣֱһɲǹ⻪
Ҳʾһֻ֣˫ֺһм䣬ͻȻһǿѹ
ǹѹγ֮ǰĿռ俪ʼȫѣſռѣһͬʵʵĵҲ˫мγɡ
ڿռ²ÿһ£ǰĿռ䶼һΡ
ǣҾȻоˣԷ߳۷ɱ¾֮壬ǣ߳۷Ѫ֮壡ߺǳ׵ˡ
Ѫ֮壬һַǳǿİ壬ﶼѪĴڣѪ֮˵ɱ¾Ľ
ͬߺһ㣬Ǵˮ֮ɱ֮һ㡣
ֻͬǣߺʵĽԷȴϵĽ
û뵽ʶǺܹ㲩ΪֹˣӽԺ㲻ţһϲģΪҽҪٵ
ĴЦеѪҲǺݺݵȥ
䡭
ߺɲǹ⻪Ȼʼѣ󣬻ɵâɢڿռ֮С
˫ߺеѪȻʼٵߺ
֮
ߺһ˦Լ·˲ѣһԱıĴ򣬸ߺ˲ʧԭأһ
ǣʧ֮η·˶֣ô飬ûа취ԷѪƻ
ߺĺÿһ飬ĶԷһЩѪǣѪ˲
͸ߺĲ֮ͬȴĵı
֮Ƶ֮󣬶ѪɨߺɨѪ£ȻѪ֮һƬռ䶼Χ档
ɶ񣬾ȻôѲߺ岻ϵĺˣǰѪǽơ
ڿǱѪߺնȥɣҵĵ¿ʼɣ
ߺ۾һ̸ı䷽ڵȥ
ڿ⣬һȣ̽ǱѪıС˺ͨĵһĴС
֮ߺԼļƲڳɹǸոʩչ֮ĻȻܹԱסԷѪȴȫס
ֻбȶԷſȫıס
ڵѪһ±סˣɫҲʼΪ֣ԼѪȻıԷסˡ
ԼôŬǵ޷ȡ·Լϵһ㡣
á㳢ʵɣѪ˵ţһһѩ׵ĵС
ǱȻѩЩƣֻڰִһѪɫáоѩɫģ֮⣬
һϸ·Ҳࡣ
ǣĵߺ˵
˵ܹôĵʮ֮һͬ
ĻߺƾЩǲӮá
ѪҺУ˵ţϵѪ֮ʼгȥһģ߳۷Ѫ֮塣
Ѫϵı仯Ȼʼɫ仯
ܵĿռ俪ʼ飬䳡ѾǲƲھȻֿʼпռˡ
ƽʦߴУˣòߺ˶ֻ֣ЩĿռ֮ѾӦ
οЩǿˡ
ÿһǶǿӦһ棬ɢźܶߵѪҺǶǱڸ˵ġ
ڣЩѪҺȻʼһѪ䶯
ѪϵЩѪ뵽֮УѪ濪ʼ¶һЩѪɫ·
ǻλõѪɫ˫֮УҲʼ˸Ѫ⡣


499 է
öԷָǿ֮սȻӢ۵ΪǣߺԼӢۣΪӢ۵³һܲҡ
þ
ߺһĶͷλϣһֻۡ
Ȼߺ֪Ѫжǿ󣬵ǣðգһϽ׵Ťתս֣ǸߺܹԼǿѹ
ҲʮֵȼģϽױȻǺǿǣϽмԺıǿһ¡
ڣߺɲǹ⻪ûа취Ͻױһ˿ˡ
ϽױʮѵõģһǺӾߣûϽױã˵ʦˡ
ʼӸߺ֮ðߺ֮۷˵ںܶ㣬ǣеǱѪߺûе̶ֳȣȻ޷ֱе㡣
һеģǣͷϣĺɫâȴֹ˸ߺ֮۵̽顣
Ȼûа취ӵ֣Ҿֻܴ˵ˣߺĿ˵ڵϡ
Ǻڵӿȥ˲ͽڱңر㣬һˡ
ڵȴ¶һ˿пЦ⡣
ҳϣıǣе̫СѪˣʦӰõһʵӽˣڹЦ
ЦĿŸߺߺȴΪüĵֻ֮Уһѩ״Ĺâڵüλüٵķȥ
ǹ˲ͽУڸܵʲôĿԲ漴̱˫Ŀ꺣֮еĺ
û뵽ߺȻô뵽ԼĻ꺣һɲǣԼ꺣ͱ˽ʮ֮һĿռ䡣

һУߺһ漴ٴ
ΪǰѪûаݣԴԴϵĸűŵϵѪǻλõĺɫãҲԽԽ졣
ֱѾɺɫˡ
ߺһѪ̫ǿ˰ɣҲֻѪܹȫĿһıˡ
ѪԼ˼룬Χŵڲϵת·Ҫɵڼɵʲô
ڷ뷨Ŀת˸ߺ·ڼЦߺܣҡҡλεߺٶȲǺܿ죬ߺһ
һȻ˼룬Ѳɡ飡ߺϵ˼óһ𾪵Ϣ
ԷѪ֮оȻĴڣҪ֪ǿֻϵıſγɵģԷǱ֮УȻĴڡ
ԣĻһոӦҪŶԣֲȻĻҲֻѪ塣
󣬸ߺһµĿԣǾȻһߵĴ⵶Уǡ
ߺ˵ȥˣΪûʸ˵Է˵ԼĻҲô
ȻĿ궼Щ񣬻һҪԼصߣǣӴ˵߸ûʲô
ȻĻȫͬˡ
ӵıʹû˵ĿƣԼҲйң̫
·˸ߺĻѪȻ۵Ѫ⣬ѪٶҲȻӣһѪ⣬ٵߺȥ
ʹߺٶȷǳĿ죬Ѫǰٶһʲô⣡
ߺǶԱʼ˲͵Լǰ
顭
ǣǸѪʵ̫ǿˣôѪֱ֮ǿǺӾ硣
ߺıһ˲Ƴ˱ĩɢڿС
ߺԼסѪһɲǣ㿪ѪĹǣѪӵеǽߺƤơ
͸ѪƮʱȴȻͣסˣתѪͷϷȥ档
Ȼ󣬾ͬһ㣬ٵıȥ
漴ѪٴߺߺѪҺ̼ٶȶȻӿ˼
֮
ߺ˫֮ѩһҲѩѪ棬ǣѪǿ
Ȼƿ˸ߺľԱ⣬ڿз裬ЩѩƬƬն롣
ߺһȣҪ֪ѩͨѩԼ֮ɵѩ״ı
ΪСټϱʮֵļӲʮֲնϣǣԷĵȴܹ˲ͽߺնϣò˵е̫˼ˡ
ߺѪڵһı䳡ڣչ׷սȻǸߺܣѪˡ
ܵʱ򣬸ߺһûţһϵĴӸߺѪȥ
ǣѪ׼˸ߺһ㣬Щһһն룬еĲ嶼նˡ
ߺţʹǴİΧ֮£һɱ캣ܷ֮֮Ŀ֮Ͳˡ
Ͼڱûиߺǿֻ
ǱҲʵǿ󣬾ȻԼľԱ⡣
ߺ룬гһգѩΪֻʲôأԿ϶ǣһǰǿ
Ҫ֪Ѫ壬ÿһ˶ǱѪ֮ĴڣټϿ졣
˵ڵԼҲʹԼȫ֮ܽѹס
ߺһӶݣһ˼һֹѪ׷
Ȼͣסˣ⳯£ϣһ˼ס
ߺҲǣǴذɣšӦǱأ
һרҵĿ⿴ǱѪ˵һרҵģ
ǣ漴ǱϾȻɢǿƣԲܺȻϢ
ЩϢϵۣȻ۳һǹꪸṳ棬Щ͸Ƶģңϵ󣬽ߺΧ档
ЩУϵڸߺ֮ϣߺѪ⻹Ҫġ
ߺѾѹƵһֵزϣǣƬȻֿʼѹƸߺߺоԼٵ½
֮ѪҺҲϵǱѪȥС
ѪԽԽǿʢߺϵǲϵıѹơ
Ƿ·ϲ²ѹƣߺоԼ·һ˻ʵۣڱĵ۹ʵ۵ǰ
ȻԼǳǿ󣬵ǣȴڱ˵֮Уûʲôв
ǡ򣡡ߺסˣֵĿǱѪ벻ѪȻܹɢԼ
򣬾ǽԼİһ磬Ƿ֮Уʩչ˾
ߺǰıЩƣǣȴӵǿ
֮Уȫʹߵİ壬Լκ˵ڴµ
˵ǰ弫۵ĲǱȰǿϺܶ౶Ĵڣߵ˼Ͳһײ֮С
ڵĸߺҲֻǽռ䣬ռ֮мӵıȴӰߺĿơ
ͬѾȫȥֻʣԼʩչУǾԵߣκ˶žɱȨ


500 ޵
ĺغȻֹͣסԶɽȥעڵһѪΧľ֮ɫ򣬶ңΪʲôоôϤأ
ڵɫȻˣû뵽ߺȻǿزңѪûԼĿƣԼʩչ
ǵãԼүү˵ʹʧܣҲǧҪѪ֮еͷųȻǿаٺһġ
Ѫ͸ҪΪԱڱɱ
ҲͷŲõģǣûж˵£Լܹȷ׼Щȫɱ
ǣԼүү˵ģ
Ϊȱ˵ˣϾغͲԼܹɱĴڣʹѪϵҲնɱԷ
ǣߺ̫ǿˣѪھùµУȻʩչǿ
ԣԣⲻ򣬱˵ڵʵܵѹƣʩչȫҲǶԷĶ֣Ҳñ˲ն࣡
ߺϸĸоһ£Ȼ˵ΪԼʹͷȫҲһĴڣ
ЩУֻԼ֮γ˿ڣȴûа취նɱԼ֤
ĺغϵĻ䣬ԼǷǴ￴
Ȼ˫һɫѪҲĴˣȻǿʦɱˣҽӡԼѪ֮У
غڵһβֻ˵ˣֻ˵Ϣȴӵľˡ
ӣΪǿʦһ֮У˫ɯɴһֶġ
˵Ϊ˴ӣʵܹɡ
ǣʮǰӺȻû֪ôģֻˣԣЩʩˣ֪ˡ
ˣΪӵЩҲɢӴ֮ܵУıȻǼۣûǮˣûб
ͱ˵Ǹʱʦ߶
һУе˶ʦܻкܶñддͳ
ǣӵΪĴ֮УʵΪ͵Ĵˡ
ɫǺ죬ǣֲҷΪȷʵ
Ѫ봨ӹȥҽͼӿ
Ӿһķӣ߲֮̾ˣ˵ԼϣΪѪŶѪ
ǣ֮ѪŵҲǵڵүүȴ˵һ仰ȻΪʦѪȻ޼ֻϧû飡
ӶĻΪȻֻҪǿ޵Ļʯбɣ
ǣѪȻ鵶ɱ˵ʱΪǺ۷Ĵӡ
޵Ļʯôȵ꣬Ӵ֮ҲûдӣҲûеڶѪˡѪ죡
ֻǷ֣ԼӲĽӵȥȴûǿ
˵ֻʯ֮УΪģҲкܶ෽ӲȥģЧġ
֪еķֻϧˡ
Ǹʱ򣬺ҲˣѪȻǿ󣬵ǣǿѪ˵ǲС
ԣ͸ΪŵĵڣҲĶ
ڣ°ɣѾԸ˵ˣҪ⵶Ѻţѯʣغ浭˵
ߺȴΪ⣬΢΢𣺡ɲУڵҵ
ţغĿ˸ߺһۣΪߺȻʧܣǣûκʧ飬Ȼͬġ
û뵽ߺȻ붼ûķˡ
Ȼ˸ΥԼԸغЩˣɫ֪ߵĺ
ߺһ߶֮еıУһֱӺغ˿ҵȨϵˣҿǺܴѣ뽫֮ɵ㲻ᷴ԰ɣ
Ҫ֪һǵһϵ֮Ѿӽʮˣβߺ¸òԷ˾ͿԴﵽʮɣ֮ء
ֻǰļһһ㲻ɣغûзԣһ˵
ߺ˴֣˭˭δ֪ٺ٣
ȻĿͶѪѪһֻϧ㲻죬㣬ҲѾֻһֻɱ¾Ĺˣ
Ǳ˸ߺĻȻҵܵıҲŸߺϵĽи
ߺӣĿԲзͷϵۡ
֮еȻʼ⣬ɰҲȻ߳ɰ壬ңڲϵ
ʲô߳ɰ壬ȻһʼѹԼİսЩˣǱģǹսߣͣˡ
ߺͷųԼ߳ɰʱѾȵĺϲ£ˣȻѲ뵽ߺеƣǣȴûв뵽ߺĵƾȻѹסİ塣
ɰĸߺͿԻЩߣڵĸߺֻǿʲôز
ҲֻнûгԾѾõȷеϢߺȷϢ˵һӵа벽İ塣
û뵽ھȻһֱѹԼսηĪˣЩ˶ɬЦ
Ҳֵľȣվڵʮı̨棬ɫ粻
룬Լĵһܸߺ˺ǣڿˡ
Ҫ֪ѹƵɰսȱɰսҪѣҪֲһֵѹסЩ塣
ңЩҲôѹƵģ˵һʵֱǴۿۡ
ɶ񡭡ɶĸߺҲŹģҲ֮лųǣ뵽˴ںȻЦˡ
⵶ԼȻҲǶ֣ϧѪɱ˴ӣʧȥ˱ʸ
ߺֻᱻɱô˵Լǵһˡ
뵽⴦չֳһ˿΢Цֹ۵ĿŸߺ֮Լ
ǣŸߺϵԽԽߣڲˣͬһԴˡ
ֻߺϵߵһɣߵɡ߳۷壬˳ɣ
˳ɰ壬ߺûбǿİ屬һڲϵ
ʲôܣܣʦǿҲ߳ɰ壬˳ɰͻᱻӵа˳ɰ壡̬񣬲ĵĺţĶŭ
ⲻģһǺߣҪ̽Ϊ
ʧ̬ȴûᣬΪѾɵˣߺȻֹ߳۷İ壬ǵڰ˳ɣǺӾİ尡
ߺ˳Ծ֮࣬е˵ɣ˵ɣ˳۷塭
ָ治ϵĿЦ׷ϱڣһңԶ밡
ǣлʵֵһ죬Ǳ˴Ƶģͬڵıڣ


501 
ߺ޵ʱܶŰɫĺâ䳡ɫĺâøߺʩչռ˴ռ䶼Ѿǳˡ
ߺѪ֮У˫۱ĿѪ򣬸Ͳ򣬶˵ã
˵ţߺһӣһδӸߺб֮еĵǹꪸṳͿʼϵնȥ
ͨϵնЩвϵĶѣǣֿʼˡ
ʲôȻıնˣغڿоߺİȻ۷壬Ҳǿ
ЩȻǺǿ󣬺Ѫֱ˲֪һǣҲн۷ıУӽϽױС
ߺȻֻһɲǹ⻪ȫȻˣոձԵĽ˺ܶࡣ
˳ЩסıеĵطĿȱǸط߳򣬵ǣߵ߽ʱȻ֣߽λмǿķ֡
ôǱ߽Ȼ֮һĺۼҲûУȻȥߺת
롭ϧͽ̣ߺû˿ı飬䵽ĶѪ˵
Ȼֻһл꣬ǣٻһ£ʲôɣҵһɣߺɫԽԽ
۵ɢ۶ɵ򣬶ߺǰ벽꣬һΪ֮ҲͿˡ
ˡǱϵĲзŭ·ԸߺƸе˷ŭ
ѪܵȻøǿˣЩҲӵۣ׷׵ĸߺǣߺɫ֮ûһı䣬ֻɢǿ
ЩоȻЩʱЩͣٵʱ򣬸ߺºȻ͹һԱڸߺı𽥵š
Щǰʱ򣬸ߺĳȻס˸ߺЩеֵԼ֮⡣
ڣŸߺҲԽԽ̣Щб׷׵ĵڱ֮⡣

漴ߺ˫͵ſЩ̵ıȫɨ˳ȥܷȥ
ߺѪȥȻǿ󣬾ȻܹҵıһЩˣ
һ˵ţߺĳߺǰȻĴ̿ס
塣֮ߺ˵кȻ𱩷ѩǺ̹ǣѩ׷ɣЩȫס
ǣ漴ߺһ£Щ֮ԱıУȻҪƱ
ҵȻѹô࣬ԷȻô࣡ߺһľ֮ɫ
оԼľԱȻס˶Էıһ򣬵ǣطȻϹ֧ԮƿԼľԱ⡣
úãȻߺϵĵͷ˫ȴӵĺˣȻǿҺڴ
˵ţߺЩлûƿӡѪȥҲ
ߺٶȸûа취ӵǰıвϵĴԼǰԼߺǰߣһ߶һߵġ
ǲܵĻԼ岻֪Ѿ鵽ʲôزˡ
ֻϧ򣬶ʩչȻĻڿ϶ҲĶأߺ΢΢һ࣬һԼıУ˵
ͬʱߺҲңҿԷֻټϱĻǸߺѳɹڶԷǿ󹥻֮»
ԡƽɣߺѾѪǰ򲢲ǺֻܴмɴСѡ
ԣʹߺ߻ҲѾѪǰʱܱԱסıҲ⿪Լķӡ
Ѫֱ죬һ̧𣬶׼˸ߺȻ䣬ĵǹꪸṳ涼תͷͬʱ׼˸ߺ
ߺıȻٵ˼ɵĳȣ裬ɵëȻʼϵĶߺҲ֧ţԴԴϵ˱֮С
˫ڸߺĺ治ϵĴţٶԽԽ죬ߺ嶼ʼķ⻹ǸߺĿԼҪ̫Ľ
ǸߺпƵĻڸߺӰͷɳ䳡֮ˡ
һ˲䣬Щߺȥʱ򣬸ߺȻڣʱƵЩУҾ֮裡
˵֮ǱɵıȻɢ俪ͬɼһ˷ȥЩȫʱƵˡ
ߺûһסѪĵǣڵ֮ϣȻǿҵ֮ߺָˣ˿˿Ѫ͸ѪӿߺѪȫ˵֮С
ѪٴεɢܼٵıٴΡ
ɶ񡣡ߺϱǿԼִӵϱɳȥѪߺǿɳȥ
ոյ򣬱ߺһƿһЩѪԼȥߺһ˲ƿķ֣
֮󣬸ߺоԼڻص۷壬ļΪǿ
ܺϢȻɱӣոմӾ֮ȻܵĿռӺˣֱȴھ֮иӵĺ䣬ĺһ͡
ڵ룬ղƿ֮ͺˡ
ڵʶڶϹ˺˪ʹ˯ȥ

Ըߺ˵ڸûκεвߺֻƳһۣ㲻ˣ˫ĿĿŶѪ
ңʹҪӳûô򵥣Ϊڵ䳡Ѿߺĺˡ
Է˵Ҫӳȥˣʹ߳һҲѵġ
úáȻǿ󣬲ⲻ򣬻ǹԹԵıƵɣ˵Ÿߺʼ
ȻſԼƣһССıֳУͣļת
֣˵ţߺһ˦֣ϵϵеıַȥģԽԽ࣬Ȼˡ
ƿ֣ڸߺе棬ĪĪˡ
һֱкüɵıֳڰУͣļתţıڿռ伱ٻռ䱻ߺƿˡ
ơ
ߺָţȥѪûгʱ򣬾Ѿֵ֮סˡ
ͣתֿʼķϲϵƿߺ˫ҲԽԽ䣬ͷðϵԴԴϵĳ֮ӿȥ
ķ棬ϵҡҡλΣεķ־Ȼڲϵ˸Ρ
ǡһϸ΢ǷڳһϸСѷ졣
ţѷԽԽѿˡ
㲡Ҫƣߺ˫۳죬ŬĺţŸߺϵԽԽǿ󣬱ҲתԽԽ죬Ӳ濴ȥ·һߴԲһ㣬ܵĿռȴǲϵѡ

һƳľ죬ǷڻƬ֮ɢų򡭡ˡ


502 ֮
ʲôƿˣԴӸոոߺıƿƿһ˿ʱ򣬺غͷˣֵ˵
ʵû뵽Ȼ˿ƿ򣬻ʦ硣
ߺΪǰ޷ٵģǸߺأǣߺոΪƿʹȫĸоߺȷʦɡ
ǣ𾪵ǣʦһ߾Ȼӵ۷壬ֱǲġ
Ծ糱ˮ顣
ǣߺ֮УȻûбɱ˳ǽƵˡ
ֱǲ飬Ȼ˵򲢲򣬵ǣƿĻҲô򵥵ġ
ʹǺһߣҲû
֪ǺһصߣͨģǱȽġ
Ծе˶ڳԾ
Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣȣ·һ磬һһ㣬ֱǷ˵ʵ
̫ˣȻƿôɱǲǾͶ֮飿ҲҪսˣҲҪˣ
ϻսһҪÿ£еĿ־һֻӣ˺ҧҵģ

ܵ˲ϵĽͷӶȻˣԼսУƣɵĿŸߺѪ֮ս
ոպغ˵ĻˣҪ֪Ѫ֮صģп۷ǺӾĴӡ
ǿɲһС޿ԱģӲǳǿ󣬶ңͨʵҲǷǳǿġ
Ȼֻһ˿л꣬ǣǷǳǿ

ƿıֽŶѪɹȥ棬뽫֮ǣѪʮǿټϼӲĵȻûа취Ƶ
ߺҲǺ¶ԷٴʩչһԼѾ˼ͷһεĻԼҪ߶
ǣѪֻǱߺıֻغˣûƵ
ɶڵƻϽ۷ıָű֣ߺͷϽð亹
Ȼߺ۾һȻûа취ƵþֲһƵԷ꣬Ҿĥ
˵ţߺһֳֳֻצϵ֮ӿȥĿʼΡ
һС͵ıٴγУĽĲлĥɣ˫֣
˵ţߺǸССıһУǱֱ˸߿գߺϵȪˮһ㣬Ǳ֮ӿȥ
Ǳڿвϵ˺ĸڹѪıһĴСŸߺǱߵѪȥ
ڿбߺָţϵ·תѪѪҲڿǱӴܡ
ոպתһʽոǸߺѪĹ֮²ϵӴܣǸĳѪ
ֻߺôô׵ķŹѪ
ָ֣һһ£мĿհ״ʼͷųߺ˿
ңӵתҲǽȻ෴ģɵĺҲűֵתת
һ޴ĥһ㣬ϵĥѪֻͬǣĥһȲֶڲͣת
ˡ
мѪʼ΢΢ģʹı
Ȼϵıĥתʼʧһ˿˿ӵĥ֮УϵĴͷų
ʹŰɣЧãߺ֮

ˡĺغȥˣ弸˲ͳڸߺǰһӶ־Ȼֹͣ󣬿ʼĴѺۡ
ߺһһ־ͱźص˸ߺߣߺſȥ
֮ǰ֪⵽ʲô˼Ѳɣֹҵս߾ߺָԶĵڡ
ǣߺԼ֪ʹԷôˣԼҲûκεֹԷֱǿס
ԼıܹƿںغǰȴǲһԷһ֣ͽԼıƵˡ
Ȼı̺֮Ų֮壬ٴεɣǣҲֻöԷӼֶѣͲ
ԼϴֻһԼʵء
ⳡӮˣѪ㲻֮ܽĥѪɱӵ֤ݣغȻߺ
һߣǾԲмڶһֻʦ߽͵ģʹߺӵ۷ҲһڶԷвʲô
οԷŵĵһӣǲǿ˫ɯ״ӡ
šߺһ֪ȻԷԼѪĥôԼôѾ˼Ҳ֮ܽĥ
ˣɣڣϲ䣡ȻغϸߺӮˣǣ⻹Ҫһµڡ
Լ䣬ôʹҲκεá
ˣڻıֻǴĿѪͬɵһ㣬˫ֱǰ
ӣһҪһˣ˵ţߺϵĺӿһ֣㽫֮ˣһţڱĵϡ
ڵ岻ܿƵȥ䵽档
սȻңǶǸߺԷĵսոߺ֪ȵڸ߳ٱ
ԣߺϵİɳ˲Ϣ˵ڵߣſھǾɾųɫӰɶȥ
ңԽԽ࣬ȻԷɾųĳ¡֮һȥҲ
ߺ΢΢ԼϵӰҲϵѾоĳˣ߳ߣͿԳɾʮɳ
ںսΪԼ䡣

ȻߺϣսΪǲģ̨²ĿŸߺˡ
¸ߺٳԼ˻ܡ
УߺìܣߺѸٵĽԼԼ˵ڣôͲˡ
ʱ˵ɾ͵ذһˣ˵ԼҪɴʧ
ÿս󣬸ߺ֮ϵĳһߣһ֣ûԣҲߺɵࡣ
ոջ֮ǰߺ֮ϵĳǾɾų߾ţ˲䣬ߺ֮ϵȻٵһϡ
𡭡
һʼʱ򣬴ûзǣߺϵڼʮɵʱ򣬺Ȼŭ
ͬըڿе˶Լ۾ǰ⾪׵һĻ
ʮɵڰ֮ܵ׷׵Լͷ­Щ߾͸˵ˣ˵ϣͷ¶

Զɽ𣬵翪ʼǸطγɣߺ˽µı䳡Ȼɢ򣬿ʼ𽥵Σһյ̨ףӲԶɽ
֮·ˣǿԽȥˣǰһȥɣҷֲһģ͵͵룬


503 ͶӰ
غвʮֵĹãһĻ̥˾ˣֻע⵽ǰˣȴûע⵽غ
Ҫ֪֮ش֮·룬ͱ֮·ʱʹȥˣҲǺغĶ֣Ź֡
ĵĸϵԼ˫ۣĵ
֮أٴοˣ֪λأ᲻ͬĽһѹȺΪһ޶ĸأ
̫֮ϣһĴĵطһ̾Ϣ
֮ͬ˵Ůӣȷʵòʣų֮ò߻֮ˣ磬ʤѩüĿ续
ϵҲǸ߹ţӺݴ󷽣ףͬɻȾһʳ˼̻ӡ
Ȼ˫Ŀһüͷ壺һѪţһѪȻɱӣңڻɱڣǺôĹ

ߺҪȥ֮кȻһӰӰʮɵĸ߶ȣɢɺɫĹâ
һ֣Ƕ˺ɫ磬֮⣬ɫ
ߺ˸оԼˣɫǺ죬ֵĿŰǸʮɸߵľ޴Ӱ
ͷǺɫģƮɢڿУ˫üӣͫ׶ɺɫġ
ͷۣһվߺھչɱ¾ܵһ˶ɱɾԷϢȻϵߺ
ߺϵļԼ壬ŬĲԼڶԷ̱֮оԼ嶼Ҫѿˡ
ϿյĺغҲܣɫ΢죬أеѪһȻʧˡ
غݼѪǰغŬľԼ֣ŰеǸӰһݡ
ѪѲѪŵˣߺԪһȴҲٵת
Ѫڣɱ⣬ңһߺ͸оܵѪȻһࡣ
Լ֮еѪʼסĹĶҪ
ߣСӣ㻹ʶѪΪҪҵıղѲǽͽ𣿡
Ѫ˵֮һֱĺغ
ۡغȻ̲ס³һѪоⱩ
ңֻѪ֮кдӵ꣬뽫֮ҵʦѯһ¹ˣ
ߺЦ仰ðΪʲôйأǸã
Ѫһ㶼غӣ֪ѪУԼҲ췦
ҿˣʦڱչ֮УǽϷ򱣹ܰɣ㣬ǣҲһ
˵ţѪԼ֣ߺ˿ֻһͨľٴ룬ǣеϵۡ
ڰ۳һյĴ֣ߺץ
ѪɫĴɴСʱ˵ʲôߺˣǶҪŪˡ
ֻ£ߺоеѹԽԽԼѪϵķӿԱѾΪߣϵѪܿʼˣ˿˿Ѫӿ
ȵȣѪǰ㲻ǵҿʶģʱںȻ䣬ֲĴ
š棬ѪҲͣסԼ֣ڿȥ㡭ʶң
æ£ǽˡ
Ѫ룬漴κεķӦʶǣʶҲв٣㣬û˵
˵ţɵּ䣬һʱ䣬޹⣬ͬһ㡣
ߺסİǸ׳գԷҪɱڣ˵ôϻʲôð
ǣȴǲϵת˼Լô
ǣܿϧǣھԵǰκεļƲ߶ûá
ѪǺô簡ҵĵӶɶкȻһʯţȻһд
ѪȻɫһ䣺ţ˫ɯȻһ˿ԴʩչţķŲ
ͣˣغչ£ӣμʦ𣡡
šһŵߺɵĿǰǸţǶ˵ͬɡ
Ŀаߺ˵Ȼ⶯˵֮С
漴˹֪ǶԷʩչʲôǶԷʱ̫ˣԼҲ̫ˡ
ߺԪһŸоߵ㣬ҲǳԵɫˡ
ⲢҵķͶӰԸ㣬һõͶӰ˫ɯ˵
Ѫɫһֱ̫ǽԴ˼£Ȼ˵Ǻͽ֮һţҲ̫
ѪˣͶһ˿ŵͶӰҪҪһȣ
Ѫɫ粻޺޵һ˦֣ãҳϲĶ֣ҲûôףѪҵңҾȥȻĻȥ̫֮㣬ˡ
˫ɯֻһЦ㵽̫ұԣȴ֮ã봨һǣ㣬Ҫһ£㲻ܴҵѰɣ
ߺЦˣ˫ɯͽһǵ˵ǸǹأȴֳȻΪʦͽţ
Ѫȴû֮ǳ˼һ£Ȼѡ
ҾһֵΣ˵ţѪķѪǸʯȥ
ǣʯźȻ򿪣֣ɿռȴûиǵʯκεˡ
ԽӽǵţֱԽԽС󣬾Ȼʯ˽ȥ
漴ʯŷһâͬһѪƴͷųžʯԽԽԶѪҲԽԽ
ʲôҵ֣ѪǽѪƣȻʧ
׵ǣԼ־ȻдٴεĴңʤ֮ǰ
ţ֮˵˫ɯ˳

ߺЩ̲סˣĴЦѻȸ棬ԵúȺ
֣һ֣ѪĻΰ󣡡ߺһŴȣЦôˣȴҲ뵽
ֺðǸҪʲô̶ϰߣܸܲоǸĴأ
ǾԵΰ󣬾ԴԵĽˮˡ
ÿһΣߺЦֹе˶ɵɵĿŸߺڸߺԼһ˵ĴڣʮֵΡ
ѪĿŸߺ֪ΪηЦУΪʲôô䡱Լأ
˫ɯҲĬˣŸߺЦڿͣһ
ûзֹ˸ǰôأԼһ⡣
ֳ˶ɵˣߺԽЦԽţԽЦԽֲȻЦĳ
вɣ󣬺غȻһ䣺Ƿţ߾
ţ֮У˫ɯɵ˳


504 Ԫ
ʦҾԲ˵˫ɯغڷӦˣոѪ˵ԼʦأһԼţⲻ
Լͽܣ˫ɯû֣ϾߺķӦҲȷʵе̫ˡ
Ҫ˵ţ˵ȷ̫ˣᣬ͵ʦľ磬𵱳Ľǿ
Ȼ޷оǣ˫ɯȴܹеĸоߺʵ仹ʮꡣ
Ѿ۷壬Ϊʦ۷徳硣
⻹㣬֮Уоһɼǿߺڼѹǹ
ңߺϵӰʮɣҲ˵֮ؿţΪߺ
ÿһ֮صˣõôǣȽ֮ٻߵõĶࡣ
ÿһ֮󣬶صʵΪ֮ǰǶһ޶ߣʵǿ

˫ɯѪһΪߺֻǷӰˣԱ㲻ˣרĶԸǰĵ
еɵٴƶҵײһ𣬺֮ϵǸطʼ硣
̫ǿˣǿҵײһڿγ硣
粻ϵĴǸطܹȥƬ̫춼̮ˣǵϵķ磬̫ķֻǿ
Ͼǲǿλ֮һȻͬΪߣҲǿġ
źȻһ⣬ѪȥĹâϳһʯţ֮ǰʯһ޶
ţͬȣ
˵ţǵȻѪϴȥˣŽѪ档
ѪޱߡѪҽ񷣬ռ俪ʼƬƬѪޱѪŶûˡ
ŻɵĹڽѪΧס֮󣬱ٴγţֻһŵӰͷ
飡ɫĲ˴Ѫӿܵһжûˡ
ͬһУҲڱˣǣѪѪ֮гʱӰȻ˺ܶ࣬ңҲ˲١
ȥҲ̫ţ˰ɣߺ𾪵˵
ǸߺѪҲˣžȻʵˣһ˵ڶУʵٶҲ̫˰ɣ
˫ɯ˵ô㻹ҪҪѪ
Ѫɫ粻Ȼڵһ̨ĵڣǺǣѪҪߵˣ򲻿ģ
˵ţѪͶӰϵĲҲۼ
ǣѪȻȵ桤ޱѪݣ
˵ţϾȻһ⣬ڷ֮ʵʵİ
Ҳһ˸ʧʱ򣬵ֻʣһЩɫѪ
棬˫ɯЩ⣺ȻһΪҪҴأʧʧ㣡
͸ɣΪʦˣ˵꣬źȻʧӰ٣·ûгֹ
ôһ־нˣѪͶӰֻԼĹʣµʲôûߡ
ûѪûߴѪŵܡ
ɳ֮УСǰ濴ǳսȫߵʱС̾һôһϷôĻˣû˼û˼ǸСһ˵˼أ
֣Сһ߶ţһ߽ɳ֮С
Ѫǧ֮ңֵʱ򣬲뵽СӵĴڣһһҿʱ˫ɯˣȻĻ
뵽ǿµĿԣһĶԶ

ʦ𣡡غ˵֮󣬽ͷת˹ڿʼһĽȥԽ
˵꣬㿪ʼˣӵһߺʼС
ڣȥɣԷЩĿ˿ߺû˵ʲôҲ˵ʲô
ñ˻ΪԼ߾йͬأԣŸߺȥһ

ߺ˳һ׽׵¥ݾôȥڽɽʱ򣬸ߺողɽ֮УȻоһӿ
ɢ֣治Լӵɽһ޴Ŀռ䡣
ܶʯʯļз֮Уҩ
ЩǸߺûпҩ
ǰ棬һʯܣʮɣԼϵʮɳһ޶
ߺϵҲȻӿˣʯ໥ӦţߺϵʯȻ˹ȥʯϡ
ʯ·ǻһ㣬ڿҽĿʼɫ壬ߺ
ɫ֮У̺ǿ뵽ߺ֮ѸٵߺΪһ塣
ɫ뵽ߺһɲǣߺ֪ʲôЩ֮
û뵽һʮȻôĺôô֮㹻ߺˡ
ǣЩ֮·ڸߺһ㣬ߺߺôҲ𲻳
Щߺ֮꣬С
֮ȥҲ̾ڸߺΧ·Ϊߺݻһ㡣
֮ߺǣǸʯϷȥ
ߺ棬ǵȻһ״ߺ棬ׯϷ࣬һһ㡣
ǣϵĿʼոߺ֮еʼ仯״
һʼǸʯͷģǣŸߺĲϽ룬ʼ򺮱ʼת䡣
תģЩ꣬ƬƬʯͷ꣬Ȼ˾Ө͸ĺ꣬ÿһ궼ˡ
𽥵ģÿһ궼˺꣬ʼתߺµġ

ڷһУߺ֪飬ΪڵæͻڵΪء
֮͸֮еʱͿʼѹƲסԼΪˣĿʼ
ң֮֮еϢʼԴԴϵĳ룬ߺĺɫڲϵ׳󣬸ߺҲǱ޷
ηչȥߺΪһٴεһʼΣⲻǸߺҪġ
ߺ֮еʼ𽥵ѹƣһҺ̬
һѹ֮󣬾Ȼڸߺľ֮Уǧ֮һûռݡ
ǣҺ̬̺ǿߺԸоȻˣǣȴˡ
ڱСʩչȴǰԼϺü
ԪߺǺӾʱҲڱˣԪ
֮γɵġ
ԪҪԱǿüʮ
ҲΪʲôߺȻʦ۷壬ɲǺӾĶֻ֣пŰܶԷ
ΪߺõֻѣԷõĿԪһһصĲࡣ
ߺҲǿˣ߽ͨԼ۳Ԫһʮ֮һ
ߺӴȴֻ˲ǧ֮һ֪
ңôγɵߺҲޱȵʵͬ׵ߣ߳ܶ౶


505 
֮е֮ϻȪ飬ĿʼתɸߺΪߺ֮еȻٴεѹΪԪ
ߺ֮еԪ࣬෴֮ȪȴڼٵļСߺΪȪԼӵʹ٣ҲȻٶ١
ڸߺ֪ԼˣǴشֽȥȪ֮ܲԼͻĿǰľ磬Ҳ˵
ڵ֮УڲöĴڣǴһö⣬ҲǻȪˡ
֪Ϊʲô뵽ߺ֮󣬾Ͳıö˹Χ˼תء
ֻϧöҲǸ߰ĽȻöȪ޶ԣһۣڸߺĵУһҲĺ
Ҳǣ˼ұչȪ֮۵ĺģٷ˼ձȻȪ֮۵һ׵ĺ
ǾͺñȳԹ˺öĹڷаײ˰ӣŪܲӧӣ϶ǲθڵġ
ߺҲ֣ľ֮֮֮öڸߺڵʵ˲١
٣ںҵˣߺΡ
ڤ֮εһĻߺͺ޵ҧгݣƫƫȴҲ޿κΣҿʱϼһûҪʲô
ȻĻߺǾˡ

Ȫڸߺ֮УϵתĺҲԴԴϵͷųڸߺϡ
ȪԼۿɼٶȣıСԭĴָСѾ˶С
ߺΪҲͬʱٵţߺףΪʲôʦߣǺӾ߹ȣȽˣҪ
˵⣬ǱȽģ֪ҲԼġ
ԪȾԶԶͬˣҪӴ֧֣ͺñȸߺһʦ۷ȣֻһöȪ飬ΣһöȪϸոյõ֮
ӶܲԼģ뵽⣬ߺǲɵ÷һ˿ɬ
룬ӵ˾絽ʦ۷徳ЩҪܶꣿͻǺӾĻҪܺ͡
ôʱ䲻֪ҪѶ೤ʱ䰡
ߺ;õһôӴְֻҪϵǶһӵ顣
ֲЩҪֻſԻûԵٵĳɾǿߣʡȥЩʱ䡣
ֲЩǿ߲̽أʵҲ졣
ڸߺҲͻڵľ磬Ű壬ԼԴԴϵĳϳ⣬ߺͻڵΪѶҲ˺ܶ౶
ڸߺΪͬʱߺĻ꺣Ҳڼٵ޵Ѿɳµĵزˡ
Ԫ仯ߺĻ꺣ȻʼٵвȻڣǣѾôˣֻҪߺٵԼİ塣
ߺŰ壬ʼԼİ壬Ҫ֮۳ꡣ
ȻоȽΣգǣֻҪԼͻƵǺӾ磬ôһΣΣ
ңԴӸߺѪ֮еĴս֮󣬺ȻȤҼΪߺǰԼ˵ı򣬸Ͳֵһᡣ
˵ģЬӶ䡣

˵ףҪȴǷǳѣʹڸߺİѾ۷ˣΣȴҲ޷Լ۳
ͺмһ蹵һĲһ
ҲǸߺĵӴ
Ҫ֪ߺĻ꺣ΣѾǷǳļˣԲܳ꣬ƽǺӾߣôܳܵס
ɴ˸ߺҲ֪ǴսǺӾߣҲȷǲ֪ߵغ
ԷֻǽԼΪˣȴûעذ
ǿߣ¼ʹǺӾһأпܽԼİ۷塣
ߺûκʤĿԣͱοģڻ᳡֮еκһǺӾߣԼİǳߵĵز
ʹ۷壬ԼҲпѹסߺɱߺ

ʱһһĹȥˣߺѾ˹˶೤ʱˣǣȷǣԼΪĲˡ
ңǶҲӽɵĽ׶ˣʣһˡ
ԽǽβԽߺ˽֡
ΪҲͬڵĸߺڵıѾĲˣϾҪʧˡ
֮еҲȪĲֿʼתȻʼһ˿˿ɫʡ
ԾǴлȪϢˣǰߺʹһ˿ȪôڸߺѾʼǻȪˡ
ֱңߺڵԪֻһĳ̶ϣȪȴֻСˡ
֮е֮Ҳʼıϡˣߺо֮еԪûǿѹȻʼ̬仯
ı仯̬ôӴߺʲôȽףҲ˲䱻ը顣
ˡ
ڣûߺȪʧˣֻ֮ЩԪʼˡ
һֵԪʼת˲˸ߺһ˲䣬Сȥ
ߺ壬ͬǴɵ֮һ㣬һ÷˶һԭ״
ɶ⵽ʲôûĻҿܲˣߺȻ۾µǸȥ
ȻôҪĻҾ͸㡭
˵ţߺȻ֮еԪµǸȥ
䡭
ֻһԪ˲ͱԼˣڱ֮Уӿ֮
Щ֮ϵķڣȻȸոЩ֮߳˲֪ٱ
ߺЩ֮ӿĵطʢӵĵط
ܵʯ֮У׷ӿЩŨͬˮһ㣬ߺµıȥ
ߺµıʼŤЩҶ˳һʼŤ
ЩˮһУҶתϵߺ±ۼ󣬳֮еСС
ЩСվǷӵĵطոӿЩϺɫ֮֮Ҳʧˡ
ǣֿʼӣ֮ǰЩӲͬЩһʼǰɫģʼɫתȻʺɫɫںɫ
󣬾ȻɫҲ仯ˣܵҲʧˡ
ߺ̧ȥܵʯ϶֮ҩȻήˡ
ʲôѲɣһ֮ص֮أ֮ĵطߺ
ΪЩ֮Уо֮Ϣԣɴ˶롣
ߺе㲻ţԼȻ֮صˣô˵Լߺ֮أҲûκεˡ
Լƻ֮أ
ҿˣôߵıؾͻʧߺɫε뵽


506 
ߺȻûôĿϾʱȥЩΪЩɫϢ˲ͽԼ֮ڡ
Щ֮Լ֪֮ǿٱҲǣҲ꣬ǧ۳֮ôô򵥡
ߺ֮еΣһ¾ͱסˣ岻ϵĿʼ֮ٵתԪڸߺ֮еҲѸٵıԪٴε˻ȥˡ
ľʼȫȫң̺֮֮ϢҲʮֵӴ󣬸á
ߺϲĸЩϢ֣Լ·һռ䣬£˶ĸ򣬶ĸ
棬ߺ忪ʼķ˱仯Ȼһһģ·ԼһԴһǹâڡ
ÿһ˸дĵɫĺ֮ųܵĿռ佥ĿǱ˺ߺĺױסˡ
ȻߺֲˣϲĸЩϢͬڷı䡣
Ӵޱȵ꣬ȻʼڸߺĻ꺣֮мٵС
ΪߺʼУû뵽Լոȫ෴·ȫԯް
һֱΪͻͬͻưһ㣬ֻҪǿһֽ׶ΣͿԼͻˡ
ǣ֪ԼȫĴˡ
һ׶εʱ򣬾ͲԼİˣô֮İ壬ݱԼ֮
˵⾳ģ֮ô֮Լİ壬֮УԼȵ֮ȫ
ǿűǿڵĸߺ֮ı壬ѾﵽƵһ۷塣
ģµ֮ôǿҲ֮ܺȡ
ǣȴ֮ǰȻ෴Ǿ֮УԼ֮
Ҳǲٽ֮Գһ֮Կ
Ҳ˵ΪʲôЩ߾Ͷ֮䣬пԻһصˡ
Ǳʩչһ֮ͷųǾͬɲ֮ͬײһ㡣
ͬǣ֮ҲǿϢϢصģԽǿɢ֮ͻԽǿ
ԽСɵ֮ҲԽ
ɢͲǰˣҲ֮ˣԣ߸һΪе֡档
ԼԴΪԼ
ҲͿԽΪʲôߺ֮Уôǿ󣬶ǶԷĶˡ
ΪͲĵǷ֮֮е֮ȫͷߵġ
ҿѪͷŵеҲһЩ֮ԣߺſһЩ
ǣͬҲоԼѹ˺ܶ࣬ȫ֮ļײ

е鶼ˣߺΪҲǸӵǿˣѾǳӽˣܿͿ۳ȫԪˡ
ơ
ߺɹҲ֪ôͻư壬֮УȻĿԲͷŭ
ʱ֮еҲǼٵĿʼۣһ˿ͿԪԼľ֮һˡ
ܹǸߺΪҲ˲ĽǺӾ硣
ߺ֮еϵۣܿʼǿѹ֮һƬƬƿʼΡ
١
̧ͷȥߺĬĬ˵
ͻƵǺӾʱ򣬵ǲٵĳ֣ΪǺϺģǣ۳ȴҪܵٵġ
֮ΥԼĳͷγ֤֮ռ֮ԿʱˣȻΥ֮Ȼ֮ܵĳͷ
ߺĬĬſǽƵƬһʼֻ۳һƬƣҲСġ
֤ߺ֮ԷвСֻһƬƾͿˡ
ԷҲǸӦߵ֮ǿвģʵ
ҵ֮𣿡ߺһƬƲɵÿЦһ
ǣûеЦ꣬ٴγһƬƣޱȣͬīõһ㣬ںɫĽ֮У粻ϵ˿˿ð
٣ߺȵ˵
Ҫ֪һߣһپ͹ˣ٣ҲƬơ
Ľٵʱû˿ǣԼ˵١
ΪǿˣҪ֪һ㶼Ϊ֮٣Ҳ˵ʷϼܹȥ
پͱ˵ˣǾ٣˼ǣû˹ȥûһܹǺӾ磬ȥ١
ʷҲûгֹһֻڴ˵
ֻҪ٣ǵýߺ˵꺣֮еİǿʼٵСΡ
ŹڸߺĻ꺣֮Уϵ䶯ţɢԼĹԡ
棬ƵѾԽԽˣѾƬˣڸߺϿɴϵɢԼĺɫ⻪
ҿ֮УΪصĵط˲۶ǿ޷͸ڶߵķӡ͸ӽĻ֪Ҫء
һǣǿۼ֤ˣٽʵʱ򣬽ɳʱ򣬰ѹĴ
˵ǽһ֦㣬ڶߣľʵǰɪɪš
֪һȽ츳֮꣬׵ɱҡŹء
ܿϧǣûֻˣΪߺ뽣һ֮ͻƵģǸûлָᷢߺĴڡ

ߺɫ˿ɬԼѻ˵ˣ٣ΪѾۼƬƲˡ
ȥ㲻ҰɣʵȻɱңߺε˵
ǣû꣬Ϊһ֮ʼۣ֮ɱϢ
·ﶼҪǰɱһ룬ҲȻܱգǵƬƲǸ޶ȥ
ߺǳ˿ɬ֪Ҫʲô
䡭
Ƭγɵʱ򣬾Ȼһ죬ֻһͺݺݵĻУߺˡ
꣬ʲôڸߺ껹û۳Σ۳ˣǾһ˵ˡ
ȻŸߺ겻ϵۣٴοʼ۽ơ
ڸߺһֵĳ嶯Ц̫ˡ
ߺ𾪵Ļں棬ΪƬγ֮ԼȻûγɣҲ˵
̫ģǿˣ̫ŮˣôǳײһĽడ
ߺ̲סˣѾʼˡ
ȥԾǴ˵еľٰ˵û˹ȥˣʹûгֹ

ڸߺеʺУйȻʼ۳ɵھƬˣߺᰡ
ߺ߼ˣձһָѾɾˣӵ껹ûɣе


507 ʺ׽
硭ĴˣԭҺòǺͽ⣬˰ɣߺڶ޳ˣʲô°
ʵڳͷոոߺĲǾƬƾȻĿʼ仯
ߺΰԼոҲ˵˵ѣôô
ǽƾȻʼĿʼۼһγһƬСһ㣬ߺп޵˼ˡ
׽ٽвʺ׽٣ͷӵǱߵģʤ١
ʺٵ˼ߵ٣Ҳɫ٣ǣѤ֮е

ߺûãԷҲûк͸ߺͽĴ㣬һʼۡ
ǣȻ㲻ŹңҲûҪǰϥˣɣߺ۾һ۲ĲʼרԼꡣ
ߺ֮е꼱ٵСģʼƬѩ״һƬɫģһƬɫġ
Ƭѩγɵʱ򣬸ߺ꺣֮УǿͬʱΪҲһͻƣһ졣
ߺĻ꺣ٵӣǽߺ˴СĻô꺣ǷԲɵĿռ䡣
ڰɫѩ״ڸߺĻ꺣֮УɢǿҵĹâڰɫ棬ܣһرš
֮ǣȴޱȣԴˣͿԽ֮ȫıױ
ߺԼ۾ڰ׽Ĺâϲ񷣬ֱʺ֮С
Ŀȥ֮󣬼˲佫еĽƱסǧ֮һǣƵҲǳصģ˸Ȼ¾ͽߺĿˡ
ߺվĿеĽƣıٵתܵ
ǣϾڵˣȻû϶
ɽ٣Ҫǿ֧ԮǵǶɽٶɵһʱûˣǾıˡ
죬ҵҪ㵽ʲôͣܽߺ˵
֮еĽƷ·𱻸ߺжŭˣɫĽƲϵķڣⲻϵĴɢų
ߺ쳤Ц㡭˶ѣ
ո˵꣬еĺɫ֮УͺȻһ磬·ʵУǻǷᡣ
ߺ֮еԪٵת̲һ㺮ߺ˶ΧţɫǺĿ档
֮Ҳǿܷ·һƬѩأҲûʲôһ˿֮ûУֻʣ¸ߺƬռ䡣
Ҿƫƫţܹɱң
䡭
ǵݺݵڸߺıϣˮǵģһҲǵģǣ֮Ĳ֮ĶԿ
һ缸˲ͽߺɵĺˣ󣬻˸ߺϣڻ麮ʱ򣬱Ҳ˲ٵԣߺҲ
ǵߺ֮еʱ򣬸ߺԪڲϵת˿˿֮󣬾ȻЩȪԪʼתת˸ߺ뵽ߺĻ꺣֮С
ڣߺ֮ǰʦʱȵĻ˵ϪǺǽӣͲһϡ
Щû֮ļӳɣûôǿˣߺԪ֮뵽֮Уߺһ塣
ߺһֱרڲûԼΪڸߺпգԼˡ
Ҳߺ֮ЩصȫĴдˣߺҲѵһεơ
ĵƻںء
Ƭƣ·ʶԼһû̫ãȻٴν
ңεȸոյĸΪǿ󣬾Ȼ֮ࡣ
ֱ۴ϸĵߣڿߺϮǰ֮׷ױ˽ȥ
ߺǰʱȻһࡣ
ߺ˿Ҵ⣺桤飡
һԪӸߺбȥҡֱϣֱеһ硣
䡭
̺Ų֮ͬײһ𣬾ȻǸߺ֮ǿһȻĽ֮ˣȻ飬ٴα⣬顭
ģ̺֮֮ÿһ֮֮е֮ᱻƵ
ֱǵ֮ȫɢˣҲ⣬ߺ桤֮ˡ
ߺ֮Уÿһ̺Լ֮ԣߺĺͲͨĺ
ȻͨĺΪֻʣͨ磬ô͸ùߺĺء
һȻˣأߺ̺ź桤ɲǹ⻪
˵ţɢŻɫâĹδӸߺбȥȥ
ߺмֱ˰ٱֹ֮ǰĸߺ˵жԿˣµһʱ򣬾ͻ᳹׵ı
һ磬ʹߺʹȫҲ𲻵
ɲǹ⻪Ȼǵ֮мˣе֮ҲΪ롣

ĵȥˣûһЧ֮еĽƺŭˣ濪ʼɢ
һһǷŵ̻һ㣬ֻͬǣ̻ǴϷġ
ص磬Ÿߺۼ֮мͺһĵ͵׶һ㣬ߺ
ȥô󣡡ߺһ֪ͬոǸӣǲˣԣ׼ҪԼȫ
δӸߺ֮ɢվ̨֮ϵĸߺʼ׼ʩչԼȫˡ
桤ף
˵ţߺ˶ڰɫĹâɫԪҲ˳Ÿߺһı
ֱԲɶˣƬ綼Ǻڰ׽磬ǰɫ⻬Ŀռ䣬ﲻɫκڡ
ศɣȻһһ壬ڰײƵɵĿռ䡣
еһжˣദһ֮С
Щ磬ڱŰȴҲ޷бֻıߺѹȥ
ɫĹ⻪֮׵ıסɫĹâȥһŰģɫĹâԽԽʢɫĹâҲͷԼ
еˣЩ׽٣֮е׽ٳȥ
ڽӴ׽ٵһ˲䣬ͿʼǽƱˣһƬƬı⡣
ϵĴ汬֮
䡭
ǺɫĹâյ˶壬Ȼܲס׽֮бըˣһ̺֮ıӵһܼȥ
ɫĹâҲϵѹƣʧˡ
׽٣Ȼ˺֮УɫƵмλãԴƬڰɫĺ֮׵ķסˡ
һƬΧźƵġ
ߺ桤ףȻĽˣһ̺Ӵ֮ơ
ɱǧ躣֮Ĵڡ


508 

һķмǿƾȻˣΪмǲ֣ûκ֮Ĵˡ
ңЩȻڲϵɢţǲᱻ⺮ĵܶ
ոյ֮ƬƱ䵭˺ܶ࣬ҲС˺ܶ࣬ոոߺһĵĲ
ǣߺͬܣΪԼոһԼ֮ǿһУʮֵľˡ
һͷţûʺ֮ٵĻһбֻܣһƬ̫춼Ҫ
ң̺ôһ֮еκߣʵ
ղ˵Ҳʮ־˵ģڸߺ֮еԪֻ²һɣҲ˲١
ڸߺĻ꺣֮ɢŵĹâƬѩ״Եʮֵήҡ
ǣеǲʺ֮ٻҲûͷԼ磬ӣ̺Ϊǿ硣
ߺɫˣû뵽ҵȻô࣬¼ʹһ桤ףܹ
ĺ̨ȥߺɵÿЦһ֮ĳ죬ܶ࣬ԼȴѾûֿˡ
ܣǾ͸˵ˣ׽ٱܸߺϢӰģ۸ߺ㵽ȥƬƶȥ
ѲɣҸߺڴ𣿡ߺεĿЦһɫ
֪ɳ֮󣬻᲻Ჽҵĺ󳾣ϣߵıҸԶڿһۣҲˣ
ߺһֱ̾Ϣеƿɲ߶ʮһҲǷԸְǣпвƬص
ƬƿʼٵۣһۣģŨһƴƲʣƬƲʺǺɫģī۳ɵһ㡣
ҪǸߺã¶ΪƬ׽ʧء
ȥָĳߺЩˣÿζԷ춯Լ֮С
ϴΣǳǧ磬ԼУ¸ߺʣˡ
䡭
ǰƴ׽ٲϵ˸ݱһ磬漤ȥ
Ƭ׽ٲŰƴСǣм磬Ȼһ״ϸߺް
ǽƵһˣҲ̫Ŀ˰ɣȻһ״ϸȫҪԼʣĽడ
ڸߺ֮Уûһ˿Ȼµ̨ȥ̨һöȻܹԼ֮ǣǾʹȥˣ̨Ҳûˣãҵһٰɣллˣ
˵ţߺӿԼһ˿ԪеϣȻס̨ȥ
ϣҵƵһߺѾˣǵѾûκһ˿ˡ
Ҳ˵ֻҪߺһǰ;ǵµĻǾ·һ
ΪԼߺǾ
ǣߺϵոյ̨ʱ̨ȻˣߺĲû
ô£զϵĶôأ
ۿһ״ϸԽԽˣߺҲԽԽȥһԼ
¿ɺˣ̨Լһµģû뵽̨ԼˣסԼҪԼǰ
ǻİɣɾˣߺεĿ̨
͵Ҫߺϵʱ̨ҲܵȻٵתĵطʼֹΣЩﵽɫ֮Ҳʼʧ±뵽Ļ֮С
ಡ
ߺȻһоԼ·̨ܹһ㣬漱תĻѵĴ
ڿбޱȾ޴Χһ״ϸ粻ͣתȻʼıƬƬˡ
ֻʣһ˿껹ûưոݣƫƫ˺ͬСĵڸߺ档
һ˿˶꣬һƬʱʧˡ
ߺһڣˡ
ЩӸߺͷٴλصܣֻղŲͬǣЩ·һɫĴȥ
ڸߺվ֮УȻһ۵Ĺ⻪͸ߺİɫ⻪Ȼͬһޡ
棬ƯһССĺ̨
ԼаƴСߺһ۾ϳˣҿ飬̨
齥ߺüλ÷ȥֻһ˲˽ȥ뵽ߺĻ꺣֮Уڰ˲ңңƯš
ڸߺĻ꺣֮Уȡһ˿˿Ļ̨ȥ
ߺͨһ˿˿Ļ˽̨
ոսӴ̨ʱȻоԼһĿռ䡣
˵⣬Ҳ⣬Ϊڵռ䣬ͬΪƬܣ͸ߺʶĲͬ
Щʯɴڣǣ̨ǰ
һһΪǿ򣬴Լʮɵֱ棬һΧš
һܣһ˶ޱȵıǱʮɵĸ߶ȣһ͸ߺʱһһ
ߺ֪֮۶ɵ

ڣߺӽǿģ̨¼ƵĻ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ռһ𶯣һ̨׾ط߽һˡ
˳øߴ࣬Ϻǵ̹裬Ƿ
ɢǿϢǳȥǣ漴תһߵ̨뽣ȥ
۾һǳ̨ߺԽԽӿһʮɵڿ
ǣ̨ϵȴ޶ԡ
漴ǱȥƵ޶ԡ
ε̾һߵǸԲǰǸԲϵһŭ𣬾ͱ仯֮ȥ
ͬߺһԲ˺ܳһʱ䣬ڣ
ǸεʱǸ۾һЦ
ΪӣȻǾ̾ģңɢǿ·ÿٶһ£ķضŶһ¡
ͻǺӾ磬٣׾͹ȥˣȻﳤȥ
һһݵ˧ˣ˫ü罣Ŀ棬Ժ󣬿ûȥ
һǱϵ֮뵽Ǹ˵֮У󣬽ʮɽžֻˡ
٣٣ɫȻϵ磬߽ɢﳤȥ
һǸߺǹͷԵģ
֮Уһ챦֪ܲ۳֮ӦǲܵģΪû˵Լͽʹù
ߺЩп֮󣬿ĵһ۱ģǿѾûˣΪһ۵˲䣬Ѿ챦Լˡ
Դ֮رӡ֮󣬸ߺǵˡ


509 
ڸߺǶôҲ˽ˣһģӸߵļǷǳǿı
ߺҲ֪ǲǣֻʱĳƺ֮Ϊˡ
ǣ֮ǱܱȵģһЩԹˣҲΪء
࣬ΪЩṩȵȡ
ȻڵĸߺȫͷųҪȻҲὫովۼЩƷ֮ȫյΪߺֿ׽ˡ
һ汸ĺãûбƻո˵꣬ߺȻʶﲻԾˡ
ΪЩȫˣѵû
ߺϸĿ˿һ̶ȣЩεҡҡͷˣвȡ
ȻˣߺҲûÿϧΪƴΪԼһ׽ٵĻڸߺĻᶼûС
ûˣٺõʲôأ
ãಢû𻵵޸
ǣ඼ˣǾĸһλʦ޲ˡ
ֱ˭ȵģЩʦ
֪״ıûĹܣһҶǾͺˣߺϲ뵽
һڸߺ֮µǸȻСûжĸߺҲ֮ҺøߺԼҲûˤ
Ǹֱ̨ԼʮɣȻǼЩĴС
ģǸֻ̨С˰ƴСߺҿĶʣܹܲԼĲϰɡ
Ҳе̫˰ɣңһˣϹһһƴ
ߺ;ԼŲˣȥܲܲˣʲô°
ҿҲҪ˵Ƿŵָ棬Ǹˡ
ͨĽ׼ܷڴָǣʮǿ˵Ŀռ䣬ʱ˵Ǵָˣﶼ֪ܵȥˡ
ָǣǸͲܵģҪ֪ڸߺû˵˭ӵдָأ˵һˡ
ʹУ˵ҲЩС
ԼôԵõѲԼ˼˵ãҪĴָҵ͸Ұɣ
˼ҲɱŹء
ߺԼϷڣԼԷȻ֣Լͷϵ֮ˣε뵽
·ȵȾһָأ鷳¡
Ȼסˣ˿ǵɫģмƣңڣҲˡ
ҪǣڻзĹܡ
ߺͷôҡڵ˳ȥ˵ߺ֮󣬻мڡ
ͬľǣе̫ˣۡ
Щߺǲôںˣڸߺʵǰ߳ٱֹڵĸߺƵѪķֻһ־Ϳ԰쵽
ʲôأ֪֮ص׿೤ʱ䣬ʮֵбҪطָһ֮еˣ
˵ţߺͼٵԶȥ
ռ䲢̫Ըߺ׵ľߵ˱߽磬һķ֡
ߺͷһ˶Ǵ߳ȥģԣߺҲŴȥ
Ͼᰡ
ߺո˵أһķͽߺ˽ȥ
оԼûЩСңĿռҲڽС
ԭĿռ䣬ǷЩģЩﶼʧˣռҲûдڵıҪˡ
֮гʱ򣬸ߺЩռٽС
ңռĶ¶ڸߺǰߺ֪ıš
ΪǴڵģﶼʧˣȻûдڵıҪˡ
ߺͷȥڵҪǽԼ֮е䵽۷壬̾
ûκζˣеľֻʣ׽ٹһƬ

ƾԼߺڿзУЩʱ䣬ߺѰҵһ˿֮ǣڱõľͲ̫Զˡ
Ѱ֮ǱȽء
ҿԼҪõһȻĻҲЩһĴѰ֮ˡ
;УߺһߵĴڣڼĴѰңǣߺһæǰʹ˼ˡ
ǣߺȽϲ죬Ȼֻ˲ʮ죬ߺǶɽپͻȥʱ䡣
ôͻƵʱ䣬˸ߺʱ䣬ֱ֮ϲߺ֪ô¡
ɵЩп֮Ҳ̫ǿˣʮɳ֮ȻʱͻƵ˾硣
Щ߻شߺĻʱǲģȲ˵ߺʵΣֵʵѾնɱǵˡ
οߺ֮󣬷·ʵڸߺվǰǾ͸еɽѹǱߺѹĲѪ
ҿߺûдٵ˼ڵǸͲʲôˣеĶߺǿۡ
ԷҲûǵԼٸʲô
ߺҲһɱˣЩֻٵǵԼ

ߺڷţȻǰִ
ڣ㻹ǽõĺöȫɣһָǴĶҶҪ֮أ
ţźܶ찡ңڵ飬Լܲܣߺţ㼱ٵǰȥٶȴﵽ˼¡
ʹߺԪûлָǵƾЩʦߣɱߺܵġ
һ˲䣬ߺ͵Ŀĵء
ԶԶģߺͿһվڽڵǰЦŶŽڲϵĴڿһϡ䱦һ㡣
˻ˣǱߺŵúڡ
ĽɫǺ죺ڣʹǿҲҪ̫ˣ
̫㵱ʲôǰһڹЦš
棬ߺȻ˹Цĺܿʲô£˵ֺֺǣ
ߺ˵ı鶼ˣǣȴһ
һϲڵɫ˲ɷס

û˵꣬жţ΢Цſĸߺ˵ʲôŶԣˣҲǲ
ڵɫһɷףһ࣬Ȼڣ̫ˣ
ߺһͬһ¥һ㣬˵ʲô̫ˣˣ㵱Լʲôǰֻһֻѣ
ո轣ڵʱεƣһ裬һĿǣԼȴûиߺʵûڸߺǰʱ
ڸߺǰһ˿뷨ûУʣµֻĿ־壬ڸߺǰʸ
ڿߺԣˣٲ¾Եڼˣ
֮棬̭Ǻܾ˵ģɱ˶ᱦĵڡ


510 ߳
㵽ôĿŸߺȻʮֿ־壬ڱϵҲ侲ˡ
ߺΧתȦ˵Ҫɱ㣿ǻ
ЦһɱңҸұ֤㲻ܻ߳ģļ˶ܴ
ڴߺߺ֪ԭѪ˵ĽǲڵģңʵҲǺ
ǾԵߣŵѪͷۡ
ʵ̫ǿˣֿժǳȻνǳ̫֮ϴڵС
ߺͷʱɱ㣬Ҫϲˣ
ʲô˼ҪϣڷǲˣŸոճûãǰԼүүĽ̵֮еġ
Ȼ̵ǣһ仰һƽܳʱˡ
ԣڸߺĻĲôס
ߺָ׳գĲ˵κλˣڣҵĻɣ
Ȼĵ˵ͷߵǰ˵ողҪҵж𣿲֪ߺ֮
˼ǣ
Ҫ㰴ոն˵ĻһеĶȻĻǿɾĲˣ֪СûЩ󰡣
˵ţڹЦȻ󣬺Ȼɫһ䣺ϲһָû߳
ߺ˵ͷ˵ĻͬԼ룬ңڸߺֻһ˿֮֮Ȼվ̫ˡ
ڣʵָ޼ǱȽǿĴڣûиߺĻڵʵڵһǾǵڶĴڡ
ʵˣ֮Уջһ᲻С

ǰֵˣ֪ԼĲĴ߳ȥ
к֮ɫһöָ˳
ߺ˲䣬ЩˣϽ׵ĴָĲأû뵽ϴıĲ٣֪ˣ
Ȼа˲飬òǣﻹҪ͵һá
ûиϽ׽ָֻð˲ĻǾе̫ˡ
ң˲ֻ飬ԼԺ֮Уĺñȴǲװġ
磬ȵȡ
̨ǺͰ˲ͬĴڣ⿿װȥҲ
Ͼ˲ûֻѡ
ǺǣȻϺöô࣬ͽ·ɣߺһǽָʹӶԷ䵽˸ߺϡ
ߺĦϽ׵Ľָ˵
ʲôҪҵ·Բŭ˵
ߺɫһ䣺ôкβ𣿡
ɫͬһϵı仯ڣЩ̫ˣһߣպ
ҲԸ㣬Ĵο㣬̲ס㣡ߺ̽ӻ
Ҫ֪ߺҲ֣մ˲̵ʱˣ֣յåѧһʮ㡣
㡭ҴӦ㣬ֻҪ㲻Ҫ·Ҷ͸㶫飬Ҽ̣˵һ룬ȻĿڵ
Ȼ˵Ťܱȱߺһٺðɡ
ȥˣԼٱһ٣ǾԵЩֵ̫ˡ
ߺҡҡͷǲУҾҪ·
˵ţеٵۣһгУڵĲ֮ϣ֪ǿ壬ܲܵסҵĹأҺܺ棬ҪҪԣ
ϣʹ΢΢ǰһ֣ǣڵǿ󣬾Ȼûбơ
ڻǾһ£ԷԼȻ£ǣԷԼȴֿܵģ
ããڣǸҵţһǱεĳ裡˵ţڽٶ˵Ļ档
һһ˿ңߺΣҲû˵㽫ڿ
ڣ
ڣԼˣȻȲĽͷҲ
ڣʲôʱǳȥʱ䣿ߺڶԷ·һģһöָ
ԭһｫһöָصԼĻС
ǣ㼿ôùߺأߺʲôΪԷ֪һ
ֻߺм˵ҲǸߺոշֵġ
ͷųԼһԷϸӦȥԷûвŵĶ
ߺȴķ֣Լ˿Ȼ͸Է壬뵽Է֮С
֮е飬ߺ֪һ꺣֮ƶȥʱȴ֪˶Է뷨
ߣʧһöָʧˣҺҽռıĶȫŵһöָУߣǾ;ĸ˰ɣöָصҵС
кܶĻߺûм̽ȥ׵ǣԼĻԷȻûз֡
󣬸ߺˣԼڵĻͨˣǱǿꡣ
ǿ˵űܵη壬η嵽ĴڣΪ˸õıԼܵţͻĽ֮ԡ
ҲǺӾ磬۳ܹĵԭ
ֶûа취ģⴿ˵ıܷӦԲٿصġ
֮󣬸ߺ;ԺپԵǿǰԼʲô룬ȻĻһ˿ܶûˡ
Ǿɰڣһȵ֮سȥʱɣߺ΢Ц˵
˵˲죬͵ʱˡ
һݴӸߺǰֳڲûȥʹȫ㣬Ҫȥ
ϾǲȥĻҪȥҪһ֮ؿ
ʱ򣬾Ĳ֪ʲôʱˡ
οǧ࣬ô´أ
֪ǣԼǲȥĻԶҲҪȥˣΪ֮أҲпĿˡ
üǿȥ
ǣҪƿҲҪȵΪߵʱ
ǧ½ûдһߣôͿô򵥵ĳΪأ
Ҳʲôûд٣ϣһͷ
ߺҲˣöԷôȥĻЩٶˣ滹кܶŮߣһǲǳԿմ
ȻҲǸߺԼΪĳԿմķ룬ɲΪԼմ⣬裡
룬õһʦ汻˼þ⣬·ûˣӳȥģЦ
ΪЦ˳Ц
˫΢УС˫֮Уɱ⣺ڣһᱨģ
ߺûȥ⣬뽣˵Цء
γȥ֮󣬱Ӧҵ飬ᷴ԰ɣЦѵ
Ҳ¸ߺˣ˷۱ˡ
ߺ¶һ˿΢ЦĳӦ飬ȻǣǵڸĳĴмأ
ڸߺʹеĶҲȲԼĶҪԷܹԼĶѪߺȻǸмˡ
˳Žһֱߣͨ˲ߺٴλص˱䳡֮Уܵߣߺɡ


511 
ߺ˾Ȼǵһģǳʱֻǹߣûһ֮еߡ
ߺ˳ʱǧһһ
ǲʲôʱôˣİ
ֻ֪һͷѲʲôǿĴˣ
˰ɣӿ޳֮ˣһǷǳǿˡ
û˵꣬Щ߾ԾǸԶԶģϻˣҪ˵ܹȫѹڵˣȥ֮УǸߺĪˣ׳ջ˵Ļ
ȻǸ˸ո˵꣬һӰȥʧԷϾͷˡžžž
ٿ˵ϣԵָӡ
һѣ˵ģñϹ˵ֻˬһЩ԰ɣ
ڲĿڣɫǺ죬漴˵ͷ
֪ߺڳ֣غ᲻ºѻɡ
ߺȻĵ˵ͷ´ȵʱҾˣһˬģ
漴ߺ̧ͷغǰ֪ܲˣ
غһֱڿдȻŸߺĻļȻ۾˸ߺһۣɫЩȣ漴ָֻˣȻˣαôǫ飬֣
˸ߺΪһǺӾ磬ңΪʮֵʵҲǺһ˵ڣǣڸߺΪýѾˣɴĿΪ֡
˻һܵﻹ֪ߺڵ𾪵ĿŸߺû뵽ߺ˴νȥȻͻƵǺӾ硣
ǾȣߺȴڰԵҡ
ҿԼˣҪûЩ֮ǻȪĲԼȫԪ
Ǳضһ³ζԸߺ˵ȫײڤڤ֮Уˡ
Ͼ֪ڵĸߺ֪ȵĴڣôõһ֮ء
˵ˣԣߺ֪ԼǷܴ顣
ߣԿˡ
һйΪиߺȥԣߺסǵõ
ͬģñˣǲĻʧ
߰ɣȻ˼£ߺ;ûбҪⶺȥˣ֮أԶῪˡ
ΪʹܹԼ˴ﵽʮɵĳȣҲûнӦıˡ
ûʮ֮ĽӦͲʲôݡ
ԣڵ֮ظһյĿռˡ

ߺ뽣ڣɽڴ·Զжȥ
ȥķ춼ķ
Ŀ˸ߺһۣǸҵţһΪ飬еޱȵĺڣ
Щߺˣʹ˿Ҳɡ
ǺӾ磬ĸôû£Ϊһ˰ǵֻʣͷȥ򵽴һʱأ
˵һչصĲ𾳽ˣȻǲʵġ
ߣڶֻ࣬Ƚϲһ˶ѣҲΪһô󶯸ɸ꣬Ϸ顣
죬ߺ͵춼ĵĵڵļз֮Уһ޷ش
㲻ңĻɣߺʵ
ڵ˵ͷڹѰ˻ܶģˣǡ
ˣ߶˲ǧˣǷϢߺͷ˵
һ·ϣԷ߶仰ѾܶˣߺˣԷôҲӷأ
ڵ˵ͷŸߺȥ
ߺҲǣͲرģﲻˡ
޷شһֻڸ֮ļз֮棬ܲôܹİǵǰأ
Ǿ˵ǼҰҰ
޷ش֮󣬸ߺʮֵĴǣЩ֮ͬ
ΪʮֵĲӣǲ˳֮Уɻң½УԽӵǿ󣬸ӵĲӡ
ֲý޷شأߺЩп˵ǰĽЦЦǶײϾ̫ķʱˣԣǶ󷨣Щ˳ˣҲĵ˴ʯ
ʯǹյĶôкܶࡣ
󷨣ʯĹ֮һ
һ·ϣ˲ûΣգ൱ڽڵϳˡ
뵽һƬʱ򣬺ȻߺǰһɽٲֹͣеĻܿͻײȥˡ
ǣٶȲɿٵķУߺ˵ûü˵Էһͷײȥ
ҿѲǷ˯ˣҲ̫˰ɣʹǻؼҲôܰߺε뵽
һĻȴøߺû뷨ΪǰǸɽˮһ㣬ڵͷȻ˽ȥ
ûײȥǴ˽ȥڴɽ棬һ㲨Ƶֻ̼ʧӰˡ
۷ߺһ
۷ǺӾ̽˵֮ͬ˵η塣
ǣͬǣȴӵİΪһЩԻǿרԻ󹦷˲ſ԰쵽
ЩȻܹԻߺøߺ˿ֲˣ֤ʩչ˷˹ǿ
ᡭ
ڵͷȻ˳Դɽ棬濴ȥһԴɽһ
ߺˣʲô°ƽ˿һΪԼˡ
ͷȥɣͽȥߺͷ亹ε˵
šڵӦһҸոսĵط밡ֻһǽڣ
˵ţԴʧˣɽɽֻߺȴ֪еܡ

ߺһХĿ磬Ӹոսͷ­ðĵط˽ȥ
ոմɽʱ򣬸ߺоԼһ˿ûû谭ľͽС
һɽӸոյĶ֮룬ߺܹĿ
ںһϵ죬ݴǡ
Ӱݼϣ
Է˵ͷ˴𣿻˵ڼ
ڣ˲ʹ˵һ˴֮أҲ
ʲôͷץŽڵӣСӣո˵ʲôһ
ûȷǵһε˵ԷĺӶҪԼˡ
ߺǸһ˲ߺǰڹȵļš
ߺץϺǿǣ֮Էû۳ꡣ
ߺôܱԷץסأ΢΢ʩչԼָԷϵȥ
䡭
Ǹط¡¡һȦȦΪǿĲĸطɢ
۷壡ߺȵ˵ͨոһߺ˶ԷΪ۷壬ΪǺӾء
ǺӾ磬꣡߱ߺһˣײɽϣɽ֮С


512 ħͬ
˵սЩ˾ˣϾص֮սǻΪ˭ء
ʲôˣҴһߴӶڵλӵȥ
ЩҲǺͿˣôһ漷ӣҲȲǰ
ߺǸŤ˼£ɽ潫Ū˳˵
ڸߺģǲ֪ǣͽһǰģҲôһˣôʲôأ
ߺҲ֪Էʲôֻ֣ĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ȥͣߺ֮еĳϣǡ
Ǻؾ磬ܿϧû۳ߺ˽ڵ˵˵
ãǱΪеţû뵽̶̵ʱȥѾɳֵزˣϷʰ·磡˵ţóϷ˵
ߺ˵ͷԷȻԼ˵ˣߺҲڲ˵ʲô˹ֵĻˣֻǵĵ˵ͷǰˣ
ʲôòõģ˾ǰˣЩˣӶۣ
ԭôһĹ˶ˡ
ҽȥȥ˭ҴһҪɱ˺š
ȥǸɱɣ

ԽԽң̲סˡ
ߺ뵽ʵ͵ˣʵզ
·͸˸ߺ˼ǸϹЦֻľƳϣʵĳϻԶأ
ǸϵĽͣߺˣԭҲΪεģ֮£иϡ
ʮƳϣʮͭƣͭƣȻľأľƳϣǾ̫ˣнǧ
ߺ⣬һȣû뵽Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣʵģͽǧߡ
ң˵ͭƣƣƵĳϣʵÿһߺְ
ӭĳƺţǸʦƺţǾͲˣԼɣǸ˵
ʱڲϻС˵ϣƺҲܹģԼ𣬵ʱɣ
ߺҡҡͷЩżǽȥɣЩ˰ɣ˵ţߺȥ
Ҳæڸߺ󣺡·ɣټ
˵ţǰ棬ߺʼ·ǸϱסڵģЩӲ֪ߵغĽΪѸߺһҲ˼ҵС
СǣĴ֮𣿻ϽɢһɤӣЩۼ߷׷׵ĳȥˡ
ȻԼĳ϶˵ˣҲȻǰŴˣ
ǿ֪ϵƢģţģľƳ϶һ˭Ҳ˭ǣ쿴ӾȻˡ
һͿԿһǺĴڡ
ߺ߳˿ۼЩˣ΢΢һЦû˵ȥ
˭
ô֪ȻýʦԴţݲͰ

Щ˵ʧ֮ԣߺû⣬ϾһԼ򵥵ˣǴԼ򵥣˭ۼǰȫȥ
ߺôǻ᲻أ
ֱ֣ЩһЩרսĵӣѼ鱨ĵһŸ߳ͷԣں¸ߺ֣æ˵
ߺ΢ЦҡҡͷᣬЩ˺ܿɰɵÿɰ
ͷĺߣߺ˻ֱӣȻֱӾ˵ɵÿɰҲû˵Щ˵ȷɵ
ߺոճڣͷʵĲͬ
ߺΪ֮˶ɽ׵ģһɽҴܶ
û뵽ǰ龰ȴøߺˣСˮɽٲ֣ӦоС
ïܵĹʢĻ䣬Ͽţͬɴһ㣬һжôÿ
ң沢ڰ滷ɽ
ߺ²⣬һͬڴһ㣬۷š
ߺһض򣬾ɵҲ֪ߺ뷨ˡ
֣ɱΪֻ۷滹̺żΪǿɱǴϾᱻЩɱˣڸߺԱ˵
ɱǱ۷ǿ󷨣̺֮ɱ
ǿ߽Լ֮ɱ͸ӵǿˣߺ²⣬һǼΪǿ󷨡
Ϊ̫֮СˣһߣͿԴôط˿Դ
Сһִ˭ˣߺŵʱ򣬺Ȼһ˵Ӹߺĺ洫ߺ濴ȥ
֮䣬һçײ󺺣ӿߺ߷
ħϣڿߣһȣæ
ߺһ𣬿ţҲϵոյǸ˵֪߳˶ٱ
ǣԷԱߣ֮֮ҿ׷ߣС
ңԷҲ֮٣ͿԿԷѾǳǿľˡ
ţСһܲŻߺܲܲħ˵ţһ۾ĿŸߺ
ߺһ£ڣħûȡɣ
ƨϲŮˣʱħϷŭĺ
ԷȻܹԼĴڶģ
ߺԼɻм˵Ӵмڶģֻǿǿȡˣ
ߺ΢΢𣬴ӶԷ˵̬Ӧʮˬʡ
֪ħʲô׶εĳأߺ΢΢ааʵ
ħһ񣬹ЦأͭƳϣ
ԷȻܺˬڶҺҵĲ廰ħͭƳ֮УǷǳǿģǰʮ
ߺ𾪣Ҳȷǿ󰡣Ȼӵôĸ֡
˵û˹ˣ˹½Ҳòȥɣ
ħϣѲĳƺħߺʵΪħǳƺţ֡
ߺ´ˣԣҵ־ħħ֮ͬеһħƺǾħǾ
ħϾȻϲ˵ˣߺһͷĺ߰ԼôһôǱһ㣬޲ðԼжٵˣٵǮʲô˵
ڳħָͷһ˵һߴյߺ߶Ըߺ˵
⣬ħϾΪ˱ȽϺˬħȫһ
ߺû˵ԼǾħô˵Ǿνħˣ
ڵ˵ͷûħͬƳ֮еƲӣһħħȫռƳǰҲΪֵˣ
Ǿأߺٴʵ
ǵͷɵϵǿӣħλ£һǶӣС˵


513 ƴ
֪ħϿҵԭִӺζߺʵֻΪҳ˧ɣ
ħŭޣ˧˧𣿡
ߺڣ
ħǿģȸߺϽһ룬˧ˤ࣬ˤһζˤεġ
ƽģһƬѹ˲ء
ٿǿҸµǼëߺ˫۱о֮һʲô
ⰡߺǿŽҪ³Ѫε˵
ѾȫܲǰˣʲôħͬУͬаɡ
˵ܺãʵ꣬ԪǳʵԴԴϣһǳ߸һҲֹңʮֵ˵ĸоǸոսһܾõˣ
ǾħҪ˵ߺϸֹˣͣͣͣЩ˵ģոдԵᵽҸոյ˼ǣôоģ
ħε룺ոսʱҡоˡ
ߣʲôʱҲ˵ˣһĴԶӳߺǰģһԼʮһӡ
ĵҲϹŵ΢ЦħͬСħǵʵҴǣҲЩ̫˰ɣҪʵġ
ߺ˿ˣʺŵĿ˿Աߵľħ֪˵Ļʲô˼
šǸħ죬һĻҲû˵ֻǸ
˹һЦ˵ɣһǰһķרԼĻ̽˵Ϊһķ
ߺǷˣԷȷû̽Լ˼롣
ٿԷ˵ȷڶԷܹ̽ʵĹߺǺ⡣
Ͼ˼ҵĹԼҲʲô
֪֮ǲսأһֻ־ͺˣ˺ܲð
ǸΪ֮˹һЦȻǣҾĵġȻܸˣҾͲǵ޴ˣ
ɻĿ˿Ϊˣ
֮˿ҡҡͷ֮˿ڣ㣬νĽڣùȻҪ㣡
ɻĿ֮ؾ֮Ҳֻ֮һƳϣҲû˵ʲôֻǵĹ˹ӡ
ǣ볤ϴ˸֪ʲôҪӣ
һӰԶҡҡλεķ˹ߺһŮû
ƤƤĴ۾һգһգģ˵ԼഺĻ
ţֻСﰡߺûӦ˶Է̶ȣֶԷֻһСѡ
䲻ʮ꣬͸ߺЩʮ˱滹Сˡ
·ôģڿ·֮󣬺Ȼȫһ£תߣֻǣû̫ԶǸ·ĺȻӯӯĿˡ
·ޣްСӣȻŮޣҲʰ㣡֮Ŭ־ץȥ
ʶһܣԭߺڲμڶֻϧһ㣬ǡýĸߺ¶ˡ
֮ղž˵Ļܹħ֮ͬеħ˵ˣʵǲ࣬Աһ¸ߺ档
ΪߺǱڽӽ֯ģߺԵôߣԷȻԸˣһֲû㣬ֱߺĲץȥ
ˣϵҲ˼֣֮ܵȫˣȻǶ֮
κһûߣû֮ܵʵֻԿ
ǣߺͬģұ˲֪ǣһǹꡣ
һڰǰ֮ꡣ
궼Ƿǳÿһ̶ȶȱ˵Ķꡣ
Ҳǣߺ̺֮˻Ȫ֮е⾳ڴ󣬻֮۳ɵġ
һԵˣȻߺȴеܲǿ
ߺ˫һ֮Ӷܵƣ˻ֻأߺƢȻǺܺãֱӶˡ
һֻˣڿдһָԪ۶ɵбСͬӵһӸߺָĦ֮汬ȥ
һл˫ħĹߺһѧϢѧġ
ֻʱͬգڸߺˣһеȻҲǳɱӡ
֮һץغɱĺֿ֣ٵĻ
ǣˣߺЩ̺֮ǿĻ
顭
֮Ҳϵܵػ֮˫һ桤ǧ
ԷȻֱˣ֮ͷŵû֮ʱʮҲֹ
ԣǰһ֣Ҳˡ
ߺսħԶԶģ濴֣ڿǽĵȴš
֪ߺʲôʵ֮ûʤ㣬ϾߺոͻƲð
ʵߺҲڴģΪڸߺûлָóóȻսĻпܡ
Էʹʵʱ򣬸ߺôҲƴһƴˡ
桤֮ߺ˫֮УȻһһɫĺâ
֮˵Ǿ仰֮бһѵǱأ¡
ǱٵĻӶһԲεĵն˳ԼǧߺΧסˡ
Щոճߺ͸оһɼΪǿѹԼѹסˣͬʱѪ֮һ㡣
ߺ֪ˣⲢ򣬶ǶԷ̫֮ΪǿˣԼ棬ԴԴϵԼѹƶ
еԷɢˣߺûдĿܡ
һ㣬Էǿ֪ûκߺգֻƾԼˡ
ȥ²߶Ź֡
ߺȻҲǳصģϵһӿһӣһٴ汬
ǺѸٵķʼۣеһжȫ˺ı֮С
ʲôʵ֮оȣԷ꾹Ȼжףȫǲ˼ġ
Ҫ֪ĳ̶ȣ岻֪ǧ򱶡
Ǻصľ磬ҲǶĵزǿħͬУҲȫǶꡣ
ֻĶǳħͬǿҪ۷ˡ
ЩڿɢԼâ£ûնߺͱߺȫˡ
¹⣬Ǳߺ֮еȻɢŹâҲԽԽˡ
顭
ߺе³һ֣ܱЩµĺʼѡ
Լ֮ͷŵǰ֪߳ٱܹĿˡ
ϾⴿڸߺԼ
ǧ£һ˲仯ΪУĺһ


514 º
ͬһƬ飬һƬƬ飬ͬԷ֮Ҳһͬ飬вŸߺĺԷ¹֮Ĵڡ
¹֮ϵŬͷԼĹ⻪ߺĺûзŹԷȫϣٴ飬ֱЩ¹֮ٴΪֹ
һȥ֮󣬸ߺȻʤһ
е˶ˣû뵽ߺȻǿֵزˣȻ֮սʤˣܵҲȫͣŸߺоܲ˼顣
Ҫ֪֮Ƴϣе˶֪ġ
֮УǺӾûģʲôΪľƳϣ꣬ΪһģͭƳϡ
꣬ƳϣƳЩ꣬ȫ֮УһҲֻʮĳϡ
˵ϵģʵûôˡ
ԼʽߺɣϾǰֻ֮һڣ˷ͺҽȫٽ顣
ңֻûԼǿģһ㶼ѿʹԼǿģҲҪһʱ䡣
֮˫һʤֱ̫ˣɣҵ桤ޣ
֮ʩչһУԱ߿ϷľסˣһǿģղŸоߺڵԪԷûлָء
ˣ£Ϊֹɣ˵
֮˫΢У˿Ȼֿ˿ߺСĵ㣬ҲôŹģ
˵꣬·һתʧڿ֮УԶٷжȥֻһգ۾ͲӰ
ߺΣոտ˻ͦģû뵽Լ֮󣬾ȻôС治֪ôġ
͸˸ߺ뷨ν˵Ҳϲ£ֱһαӣߣܸǰνܸ㣬СǼȥ
ߺɼ򣺡νʵָˣңҾͺúõһټʢ磡
ߺһСҲһ˰ʲôӣǽĻ˭ͻܵͷ
ոտӦþһֱڵȵĸߺɣǰıڣȻ˵
ߺ˵ͷ֪ǲеĸߺǣµǽиߺ
ˣǫˣΪ˵֮ûȥ̫֮ϱչأν˵
ԺǼһҪСĵˣǼһ﴿һαӣαˣ;һα
§סߺļ򣬶ԸߺСĵ
ߺεЦЦν֮УӰ
Сӣ˵ʲôӣţõĺãϲô˵أЦ
ڿ黹ϣҿڻǴߺȥɣ˵ˣߺ˾ͱΪϱȥӼ
˵ͷţ㻹վʲôϴȥϻ
ߺͷߣǺܺˬǣҲе̫ˬ˰ɣңϲŭ޳
ߺһ;ԼСܲˡ
ڴŸߺԴķȥŨߺǿˣչۣ֮ſ
ֻոʩչۣ֮˲ڸߺɨߺǸ𾪰
ܸоʮֵǿֻͿȫѹԼ
Ȼڵ״̬ոһս֮£ڸߺĻʣ޼ˡ
Ǽ˵ĻӸߺɨȻɨ˽ڵϣͣһ£׷ȫջˡ
һˬʵ˵ԭձڼ٣һӭ
֮󣬽ڼ̾͹ڰУӽڣμ
šڣôһӰ˵ڵϣߺ˹
˵һûļӣڵĴ磬ʮһũ
׳ͭɫƤһף˫Ŀ촽鲼·¶洩һ˫ЬϿһͷ
˵ϣߺ˿ûиӦ
ǣߺȴоԼϵѹڶԷϵʱȴֶԷֱͬһ޵׶һ㣬ôʩչԼƣûа취˵Է
ȻǸ֣¸ߺߺȻǲݾߵĴֻǵվڿУңңһ֡
˫ȤĿŸߺϵĵͷȻʮҴﵽ־磬˵ǰ޹ˣ
ԷȻԼ䣬Ҳ֣ԼȻ仯꣬Ǵڵʱж̣ɻԵʮֵᡣ
л͵ѪߺлˣߺûĿģ˵Ϊ˶лѪߺԸΪˣ
˰ֻ֣Ǿ֮ͣҳݣ룬СֵҲ֪ѪĿɹ󣬲ֻСֵΪ˰ɣ
ߺ˵ͷϾѪ̫ˣǣߺڿѪս֣֮ǰͲ
ǿ֣ţԼҪĴڡ
ҪõѪҲҪǿʵǻԵģһѪ̺֮ԶǸߺġ
Դӿߵ֪һֻΪô򵥵ģߺ˵֪ʲôԸߺ
˵ͷãΪĵһţ
ˣȽ˵ɣٿӦӦߺɲΪ仰ͱԷȥˡ
ã𲻴Ӧ㣬Ƚ˵֪ڲ춼֮޷شһº𣿡ûֱ˵Ǽ飬ʸߺ
ߺԴ֮мٵ˼ǣûºϢ֮ҡҡͷ
ºһֵģǣºƽʱҲûʲôǣһȥ֮󣬾ͻں֮ϣһڣǸֱͨ£
ܿϧǣһ쵽ٵʱĺ֮ϣȻ˽ƣģûһȥģңҲ֪ʲôĴڣȥĵӣ׷ʵǣҲһЩġ
Щ֮󣬴زٺôϣܹȥħͬһ𣬽εºҪǵסЩ֮ˡ
ߺԺ֮вϵ˼Ҫ˵ֻΪԵЩ̫˰ɡ
һȥǶ೤ʱأߺʵ
û׼ȷʱ䣬ʱõĶģǣħһһ̽Σ
ˣߺϵֻȷرңҪԼǰȥĿľǸ˰ˡ
ĺôֻԼ֪ˡ


515 춼֮
ߺ뻹ǴӦˣȻԷ˵Լ𲻴ӦһǣԼȴԲԲӦѪѾˣҲزˣǲӦԼʲô˼أ
ߺӦϲ⣬ݸߺһƣƳϵƣ֮ɳ룡
ߺЩΣǣҲ֮а
΢΢һЦģԲ֮УϵƣƳϵƣºҪǸеˣ㲻ƣҶûа취ˣ
ߺ˵ͷãҺħͬھȥ
˰֣⵹أЩԸȥĵĻȥİɣʱضħͬһȥº
˼ǣħͬиһȥҵħͬо͸ҵߺɻʵ
ţҲΪСֵİȫңħͬеʵȫ֪޷شǺΣյģ
Ȼ֪ԷôģǸߺǾӶԷĻ
ϾԼѾӦ˶Էټôһνߺۡ
ԼԼʵˣȻ˵ԷһֱûԲԼԼ飬ǣ֮ĲޣȻﻰߺʱû롣
ô֪׻᲻̽Լе뷨
ߺ˵Ϊ˰£Ҫȥĵط֮°һ£֪ʲأ
Ȼʱ䣬ȫɵģӦ˵
ߺ˵ͷ¸ˣ˵ţߣϽסߺһ£ҽмˣ
˵ħͬǸߺֱǴº֮гΪֹ
˵Ǻܴ󣬵ǣĲԶܿʼ𵴡
Ҳͬһ㣬ߺȵǺӾȵǶԷΪ
ΪʹԷΪȻû¶
䡭
ɫĹڸߺı߸Ӱߺͷ¶һ˿Ц⡣
µȲμħͬȫǰ˵
ĵ˵ͷո˵Ļȫ𣿡
ǣµȫˣ
ÿʼִɣ
ߺϸĴһˣħԼʶǰħԼͲʶˡ
ңҲԹ죬ӾħҲħʼһСħʮֵĸߴ󣬱ȸߺ߰ӡ
ħǱħһ֣£ħǱħһ֣ôԴƣϴʱ򣬾Ȼȸߺһ֡
ߺ̫̾ˣ˸ͷһһģȵȶֱ̥ͬ߰
ԺǾһСˣԽһ°ɣ˵
ߺ˵ߺ
еһħˣħ֮ͬеϴħ
ħǵħħǾħħŭħħūħħħȻ˵ˣǾħ
˵ǻħΪһո˵һˣξȻֿʼ˵ˡ
ҽоħΪʲôҾأΪҵܴڼߣԣҲħħ֮ͬеġ
СԱˣȻĻǲ⽫һħǽС壬ǱȴǺĮ˵
һħĻǸѱ֮ħȻסˣȻΨΨŵŵ˵֪۸ң
ߺָӣԼأĻɹ
浹Ǻأħ˭Ը˵ңһħĻһ㣬û˻᲻ִС
ˣ߰ɣ˵ţߺͿʼȥ
һǿĶأǺǣ˸ߺԺħͬʵͲˣҲһ㣡˵תȥ
֮ٳȥߺûѡȻȥѡ춼жȥ
棬ħͬһĶνĸڸߺĺ档
ߺεĿģ춼֮ǸߺʮҪ֮ʮҪ֮ԡ
κᱻħ֮ͬеκһ˷֣ǲͬˣԼԿԼĵطʱֻҪǿһط
ߺڽȵԼʵĶͿԸˡ
ħ֪ЩҲΪߺܹȡһ֮ÿȡڶ
ԣҲǺܷġ
ǣû뵽֮ڸߺȥĵطͲʲôԡ
Խе֮УʵͶӰ

ߺǵڶν붫춼֮ˣ춼֮ôķల¡
еĸֺҲڱչأߺ˺ħִνУ߸ڼһֱ̫ˣóóȻеĻעŹء
ߺɲǣԼ춼ͨء
ٽȥʱ򣬸ߺװһ¡
ڸߺΪʮֵĸߣҪͨоߺģǸǳ顣
ʵȸߺߵˣǣĸǺӾߣԱû¸ɣسŰ
Ǿ㲻ǳԱû¸ɣҲвˣһǲ֢֮
뵽춼֮󣬸ߺûеʱ䣬ô֮˹ȥ
ħĸ棬ǣŸߺԽԽҲԽԽҸˣҪ֪֮ϢҲǺ˽ġ
ߣ֮£
˵СֵܣҪȥ𣿡һħڸߺıŵ˵
ߺһ˿аЦô㺦£
ħԼؿڣȻ˵ϻȻ£
ȥߺһģһҲ湻⵽ˣ˵»˵ֱ׳ģߺͷһμ
Լʲô뾭ѵĴ£ǣԼô뾭ѵһҲɣ
ߺƳһۣεԼĶͷ˵ú£ǾˣģҲǣ
һħǽСݺݵһħԺ󣺡׳հ㣬Ǻ£ô˵飬ôֱ׳˵ǲӸӶ˻̫ˣ
ħίԼԺ󣺡ǣҵȷǺ°°ɣ
һħҪħȰ磬ˣ͹ɵˣٴǸɵˣ
ǰǰϴǱˣԭһΰɣ

ߺˣʼȥħԽԽԶǾ֮ȴԽԽ
ɫ·ܹһеĹâ
֮ԽԽߺ꺣֮ǰ˲ĵһ㣬Ȼʼٵת
ߺȻ뵽һܣԼ֮սȥ˵ϴܶǺӾ߰Χ
Ǽ˵Ļ˵ѶȾ͸ˡ


516 ֹˮ
λҪ죬ǲȥĻ뵽춼ŰɣߺңңĶǱŵħ˵
˵֮󣬸ߺһͷ˽ȥ

ħסˣҪȥĽȥˣ˷ˡ
Ǹô죿
һħ룺ǰ˵ɣȵº֮գԼȥҽ˵ԭǵģ
༸룬Ҳûиõİ취ˣֻͬһħ뷨泷ȥ

ߺһͷ֮֮У붫춼֮ͬһǻɫʣЩҲһж
ʣκθߺá
ߺôȥ棬һųֻߺȴǲм߽ȥˡ
ȥΣڹ¥ݵʱ򣬸ߺ֮еûг֡
ûЩľ֮ϢǾô򵥵߹ȥˡ
ңεʮ㲢ʲôرʨԣߺȻϴһչˡ
ոߺڵʵչ˲չ˶һģڵҲҪչˡ
ԸЩӰֻһ֣ͽȫסˣڸߺʵǸһǿ־塣
棬ѹ˲٣ȻߣǣȴӲߵʵ
ܿ죬ߺ棬Ĳ𾳽޳ˡ
ȻϴһһߣȱǸߵţŸߺһּɵ

ζʼðܺɫ棬ߺôվڻ֮УȼգֻһһȦξʹ֮ðߺİΧ档
û뵽ǵѹƵô࣬ȻҶ򲻰ܣǵĺܲҰߺ˵
󣬸ߺûд˷ʱ䣬һ꺣֮У˲һĲ鵭תԼ
߸ܵʲôȻˣֵĿŸߺܵϢ
һģһģ֮ͬ
ϣȻһӰͬģԷٶߺ壬һķ
ߺ֪˾ǷʵͶӰߺѧˣվԭأбżµĿ飬ʲôȥ
㣿Ϊʲô֮ϢʸܵߺϵɻĿŸߺ
ߺ˵˵ϸ磬ͱԻˣʲô֮ǰ˲ԻģΪܹҵʲôʱ򣿡

ߺ仰ո˵һ㶣ȻϸĿ˿ߺȻ뵽ʲôЦҵͶӰҵһĴأɫ꣬һ˾Ȼ꣬ϵܻأУǸʲô
󣬸ߺˣԼʮֵıܵģԷȻһƣͱԷ֪һˡ
Ҫ֪ԼǺɫ꣬ȫ֮еģ䵱ǰɫӰӡ
Ҳʵһһ㣬壬Ӱӡ
ȵȣȫںɫ֮еģʹ˷֣ڵ֮УҲʲôӦһᱻǸյ
ǣȴˣûбյǱԷһġ
ôһȣߺ˱ֿ꣬е뷨Է֪һ
ģǸɫȷǷǳǿ󣬼ʹҲǷ˺ܴ֪ģҪ֪ǻߣ֮⣬û˻֪ģ
ߺ˵ͷȻ֣Щνʿĺ޳ܣʹ걻ݵĻֱķʣҲһ
Լλʦ֣һǾ֣ұ֪߳١
ǣԼǰȴû̽Լ꣬ңԼλʦҵħ
˫ħ𣬶λҲħȻԼСЩʿˡ
ЩħħͷΪ飬ֵ̫ԱħͷһЩʿҲһʿֻαƵαӶѡ
ЩνʿʮħͷЩħͷʮֵĿɰֻҪ˳ƢҲûʲôˡ
Ϊ˲𣿡ɻʵ
ߺҡҡͷιҪΪһµģ
󣬸ߺ̶˵һ£˳˼ºôôϤ
ߺ֮ϲȲʵôϸ磬֪ʲô
룬оԼͷ۵ĲˣͶӰֻ֪һ飬ȫԲˣ벻ȷǣ溬кܴĻԵҲʮֵΣա
ߺ˵ͷΣգ֮УϾԵǺΣղģ
ͬ˵ĵҲεΣĲͬ˴һģҴӷʵĸо֮УºĸоǳԾ־壡

ߺǱ˷ʣȵʱʽ֮󣬻ģͿʼˡ
θߺ֮ǰ̺ͬԼߺϸĸ
ӸߺϿʼɢĺЩδĵЩεʣʲô˺
ŸߺԱԽԽǺҲʼɢȥĺοʼӸߺӿ
ڸߺÿһ濴һˮһ㣬ϵɢ˷ÿһС
ģߺȻϵĺҲԽԽ󣬽ˡ
ߺڱ⣬ҲԽԽ䣬ڱ˽⣬ҲԽԽ֪࣬ˣ˻֮жˮ
ֻҪˮĵطб˵еˮ֮еˮ֮еˮľֲ֮еˮ
ˮͿԱ⣬ֻҪԼĺﵽһĵزȫû⡣
ңֻҪɱĶԼͶ֮оԵĿȨ
ߺȻ۾桤ֹˮ
ܵĺһ²ɢһڿоֱһ澵һ㣬κξ˵Ӱھ֮еĻ
еڸߺĿռ뾵֮ȴ߸
ĶֻҪߺԸĻͿԶֹңߺĶеκζйᱻƻԷı⡣
ֻһ˵Ͳ֪Ⱦ֮߳ٱ
ңֹˮķӡ̶ҲǾ֮ԱģԷȸߺͷе߳ܶ౶ſƵУ
ˣߺһУԼͶӰ
Ҳ˵˫ľӣпܴǱ壬ҲпܴǱ塣
Ǳ壬Ǹ˳䲻ĹǱ壬ֹˮԷνǹ汸һС
֮ûлָʵʱ򣬾ȻңҳȥȻĻһڣ
ߺվͷɱ⣬˵
ͬھ֮еһ㣬ĴվǣվͬʱķĺҲ˲
ͬˮлĲһһкȻôˣߺ˳


517 
ľһϢͬƬƬУܿٵļ䣬ֹˮĿռ䣬ٵĳһֱߣþòϡ
еĿռ֮ȫˣֹˮֳǧݣûа취ۼһ
ƬƬĿռͬľһ㣬ڿ裬ߺĿռ߳
𡭡
ߵȻˣŸߺҧ˹
ֲͷռ䣬ױȵеĿռ䶼ײĳƬЩĿռƬߺĺȫƬ
ţߺż㣬ٵĺˣǣû뵽ĸӵѸˡ
ǿͷһ˲͵ߺǰͷһһ죬ߺ
ѩߺһĬĬ߶
ڸߺ棬·ϣİγɣһԱ
Ѹٵı󣬵ڸߺǰֻһ˲ͱ߸ײˣߵߺ
ǲٴ۳ɵĺȻû˿á
𣿡ߺĬĬ֣ǰԼԵôСԷһȡͨͨĹֵס
ߺһײڸߺϣߺ忪ʼѺۣȻһ˲ȥ
ۡĺ棬һӰΣǸߺֻڵĸߺѪ
ոգȻûѩһǣٶˣҲյصˡ
ȿȿȡߺϵĿԣĿǰߣ׵ǣΪʲôṥԼ
ѲɣʵͶӰѾʧˣûʲôѹס
ֵӰߺǣʵӰڿпٵγɣתͷߺ
ǣܵʵϢ֮ͣסˣͷڰУһҲҶ·綼ֹһ㡣
ô£ߺ˵ʮֵѲҪɱң
ʹһЦҪЦˣɱ㣬˭ܹұأ㲻˵ҪԼʵûһսжԱȣôԼʵأ֪жǿֻӵ޵ǿ壬ĺûãǲѹֱսʹٶٿ죬Ҳѵˣ
ߺϸ룬˵ͷ˵ĵȷǲߵԼûжܵ
֮ǿԶԶԼ
ʲôȽףߺָʵ
룺ߵͲǺǿټҪǿɣҪ˵ʵĻȴô˵ҿȷǣڵĻԼڶ׶꣡
ߺĵ˵ͷĻǾٺòˣħͬУÿһǶ׶꣬ߵħ֪ǿ١
ԼлǹħͬеУҲһܹѡ
лˣϸ磡ߺǽ¶һ˿΢ЦȻĻԼҪŬȡ棬ߵһµĲΡ
ٴ֮ǰҪԼʵָ۷壬Уһһ²ϸͣߺĶڰеķ˵
ʵ˵ͷֵʲô鲻ֱ֪ģһʵ棡
ߺ˼һ˵뵽׶֮֮ͻ۳Ϊʲôȴ򲻳ǷʲôŰ
ԹЦ˵ıҲȷ뵽֮Ϳ۳ҲȷҪ򣬵ǣǱҪȵʱ򣬲ſ԰õڵ꣬ûôӴڵ֮ƻߵ֮۳򣬻֮硣
ߺʧĵ˵ͷ̫˰
ε˵ȴΪȻڸոսǳ磬ȻܹﵽĵزѾǺܲˣɣҸţ
ߺ۾һ԰Լǰôһ̸֣ԼôԼԺҲһЩ·
ǣʵĻȴøߺ᣺Լ·ɣһһ磬Ҫģǰıߣ
ո˵Ļʲô𣿡ߺߵʵ
ʲ˵ûаȴңҪߵһͷų򣡡
ߺŰû˵ʲôõĻԼսѶˣʲô°
漴ߺʼעˣΪʶ߻ӳһ֮ڰʧӰˣֻ¸ߺĿǰߡ
˵磬ʲôԽԽӣߺſкһ˵磬ǲôģҵûȫָ
Ȼ仰ǱȽϹõģ߹Ȼͣڰвٶˣߺһ
ߺʼָǣֱܵٵĿԣȥߺҲûлָ١
ڵĸߺҪˣʲô°
漴ϣȻԴԴϵͽ棬֮˱仯Ȼʼ
ڰγһһģȻ֮ܵתſٵıսȥ
ߺЩ֪飬ջָԼʵУԣ

ֱ̫ԣˣ춼⼸쵹ǲǺܺùΪ춼֮ڵʧʮ֮˾š
ȫ֮˽ȥߺͬһ˺ܶˣܵ
߱Ҳյ㣬ָԼʵϾ֮ѺôãʵʵҲʣ޼ˣòŷôѹơ
ڷʵһ֮ǹԹԵһˣɲΪԼ
ߺĶԻҲˣڵķʸννû
֮ڳµˣˣΨһڵļֵҲֻǸߺɡ
ȻʵĶŪģȲĵҪʮԣߺʮȫָԼʵˡ
֮ȴôģԸߺʧ˻Ȫ֮󣬼ûûȪۣ֮ԣҲûôͻָˡ
û˻Ȫ飬ߺԪںȻȪ鶼ֻǿˡ
ԣҲǻָһЩڸߺԼȫʢʱڵһɡ
ֻͲˣٴ֮ߺһ桤ֹˮȫѹ֮
ħͬУߺûаգħ֮ϵħߺ֪ǷѾ׶ˡ
пǣϾԷܹɳ֤֮£ǿ֮ˡ
ʵ˼۷꣬ѾˣȻڣߺ֪򵽵жǿǿԿ϶ǣԲ


518 ѩ
ߺոͱǰߵĳһҿȻһξ롣
˻˻ëȻĽڿٴߺſߺĲҪ
ߺоܵĿռ䶼·һ㣬ԼȻҲˣۿߵԼҧ
ȥôǱˣ桤ֹˮ˵ţߺðĹΣ˷ɢȥͬˮĲһ㣬ǣߵ嶼ΧʱƺȻֹͬһ澵һ㡣
ߵҲֹУζƬռ䣬ܵЩξһ֮Ľס
ôŬѣߺֹˮǲһ㲨Լ۵òˡ
԰ߵӦŶ԰ߺӰûɻ˵
ո˵꣬ߵ۾֮кȻȵ֮ͫȥ۾𽥵ʧһ㡣
ߺϸһԭ֮ͫȥ۾֮ȼ˺ɫĻ档
׵ս㻹˼һ㣡ʵ浭Ĵ
䡭
ߺֹˮʼϵĳֲĿռ俪ʼѺֻۣһգ۵Ĺ򣬸ߺֹˮˡ
ʲôҵֹˮߺȵ
ߺţԼֹˮ滹йķţû뵽ЩֹˮĲûлṥ
߷Բʮɣ˲һƬɻɵ磬ɫţԼֹˮĲûзͱЩ˲ڵˡ
ʮɵĿռ䲻ţʮֵѸ٣ߺûзӦͽߺ׵İΧ档
ߺŭգҪӳȥϧٶվˣټ϶ԷٶȼΪѸ٣һ˲ͽߺΧ档
ߺ֣ԼǸڻеʱѾΪʱˣôڣûа취Ǻɫɵƿ
ˣԼ֮еʼǺɫĻѹƣԪȻתˡ
򣬶۷壬ӵеһˣǰڴ˴Ӱ֮д
ߺоԼԪԼ꣬ʼѹסˣһ˿ȡΨһõģ
ǣҲѹƵ£ߺڣȻһͷŲˣ˵޲ˡ
ôߺоԼ֮еĴڣǣôЩһ̶ˮͲκεĲ
⣬ԭǰʲôǣߺ㤵˵
ĴıԵǣһöûУһ˿ûз
ֱϷ֮еĹңԼôŬͽ͵ġ
ڸô죿ߺŶ߲ԼʮֵΣû뵽ԼǸ߹Լ
ǣħ֮еκһħӵ򣬿סԼҲһɲǼ飬Էɲǲ
ɱԼĻǼֱ׾ٵ顣
ߵߺǰʱ򣬲ûͷʲôΪ֪ǾԲøߺģԼֻһСѡ
һ߰ββ;ͻһӰӣߺ
ߺɫԽԽӽβͣҪԪʩչֻϧԪܶ
ҪʩչԼĻӰɣֲãڵĸߺһƽһ㣬ֻܿܵٶȣڲܿԪˡ
ߺʼýŲܣǣٶôϵߵٶأУߺڵٶȣֱţ첻˶١
βûдڸߺϣֻڸߺԱߺХǣľȴøߺ˺üͷ
Ƭ磬ߺоԼҪȼˣٶһʱ䣬϶ȼմġ
ڣߺͷ󺹣ԼǱڽԼȼա
ңߺ֣Լ֮еĺԪʼļСǱЩɫĻġ
ڵĸߺһڲ˱ĺڻϿһ㣬Ȼʱû飬ǣȵЩ潫ıڻʱǱͻ˲䱻ȼա
ڻ꺣֮УҲһĻļ
𡭡ŭһɫĻٵĽһƬռ侹Ȼʼ˻ꡣ
һ£ߺĴӵĿˣѾʲô·ûˣոսߺΧʱϵ·˲仯Ϊ˷ɻңЩ䵽ߺϣֱ䵽ˡ
ߺʹ죬ϵǱǻ䵽ĵط˲ڣЩӸߺ͸뵽ߺľ֮Уߺ֮еԪޡ
Ȼ˻𣬵ǣǿĻ棬ͬҲƱ
汻ΪţѲ˶ĻʵĶ֣ҲǱĿɣܳɹʹȥɣʵ
ǣߺȴе飬֪ԷǿЦġ
ԼݣԼΪ˲ˣҪԭǰǸߺûĻȻ¸ߺ
ɶ֮ˣ飬˶ǻã㲻ܸ棬㣬ҲԲߺҧгݵĬĬ߶
ǿʵıĿҲһС˶ѣֲõʵ˻ݺء
Լ˵ĻҲʵ飬϶Ǳġ
Ƿ񻹻ĹâƤ壬壬˽
ߺϸԼ俪ʼ룬ûзһ˿İڸߺֵܣ֣գǴԼ֣ҵĿġ
ǣԼܸ֣κε棬֣ҲԼԼˣԷҲ˵Щʲôɡ

ߣȻûĹâҵĺ֮âҫ䣬ΪУһ˿ʣ֮ɣߺߵ
֮У꿪ʼıǿʼɫܣɢɫâ
ҵѩ޴ڣԸ⻯⣬䣬̬ߺȻ˫ۣ˵
ڸߺϣɢĺ⣬ܵĻֵס
Ҳǵֵѣûн֮Ƶ
ֻڸߺıƤϵֵɢûС
桤ѩߺ˫ε֮ϣȻŵĺ⣬ߺƬ֮УΨһĹâҫܡ
ߺߣǸߺ߹ĵطƬ׷ױãߺôƽȻ߳Ƭ
֮ߵʱ򣬸ߺ·һĨ⣬Ǹߺ߹ĵطǺƮһ㡣
ǸߺոģõľöԷ֮Լ֮е֮Ȼ֮ģ³֮෴һзʽлЩǺ⣬Ǹߺ֮֮µĲ


519 ¾֮
˵ףǣҿߺӵۣ֮Խ֮зʽһԲ֮෴̬
ߺ֮г֮һҲȵĽţϾո̫ΣˣԼʱͻһ㣬㲻ʹۣ֮Ҫ˵һС
Ȼţڿ־һɱ㣿İɣոҵĻڼǱܣҵĽֵܣôܻẦأʵӰд
žӰҲֳˣŸߺЦ
㣬ȥŰɣָһߣһӣԷ̴Ӱʧصף׵ķӡ
ʹһЦҽ̸ôһİ˲
ߺ¶һ˿аЦһ£ǸȻʮҪģڴ֮ǰһ˵һ仰ҸоǸͶӰûнôһ꺣֮еİ˲֮ȫңпˣȥº壬û֮£һȾ˲飬Ҳᱻǵȥ
ߺ˵֮Ķסʵɫкâֱð֮ۡ
ʵ沿飬ϸ΢Ķߺ۾֮Ե΢Ķһ£֪ԼĲû
ϴΣʽ̸Լ֮ģǶ˲ãǸͲϢ
Ǳ̽鵽ͻ̷Լ֮а˲顣
ǴڽסѪʱĸоеöѪȻʮֵĻԾʲôһ㡣
ҪԼʱ֮еҲôȪۣ֮Ȫ飬֮һ˲ˡ
Ȫ֮ǾԲܵģѪȪֻۣ֮ᱻᶶ
ȪǲܣΪĲθͲ
󣬵֮Ĳ߻Ϊһ֮Ȼǲܵġ
ôʣ˲ˡ
˲飬壬ټ϶ԷûϢǲֵԼѪȻܹо
ѾˣϣԼٵԣңԼɹ
Ȼ֪Ǹʵ뷨֪˷ʱʲôˣ˵̫񲣬Ц˿
ֻǱķѣʵϣһαӣЩһ޶
ոһԼҪȥţʵͶӰһɱԼѡһŵ˰ɡ

ǺܳԾովǴβ飬Էĸо˺ܴı仯Լһ˿͸Էˡ
ֱ仯ʵϣһԸϣӵأӵ飬ɣԼţҪʵֱӵɱԼҲ˵
ĸоߺԽԽֲˡ
һʵ۵Ը񣬸˵ĵڶԷ϶ȫľ߱
ոȷ˼Ǹߺ˹أǾֱɱȻѡһŵˡ
ߺˣһ֮ϲԷѾ߱˾ǿҪԸ
ߺո˵ǸҲȷһ£˵ȷڸߺˣԼҲ˴󲿷ֵ߸ѹˡ
ͷųٴѹƵĻ֤Լܲѹסߡ
佫ԼĴ·һϣڸߺء
ţǸͶӰֻһֵļ䣬ȻûȫˣҾ͸ȫʳ˼һ˵
ߺϵЦݸӲˣ֪Ǿллϸˣ
ڸߺõЦ֮Уһ˿ϢȻʴ㰵ԼԼ
ߺе˼صļãûбԷ֡
ֻߺҲһۣ֮󣬲նɱԷǴ˵Ĺпһ¡
ڲ࣬ǣеԭһЩϸ΢ֱȽҪĵطһǱԷˡ
ͶӰķߺߺԭأϸһ֮
ʵͶӰֱ̫ΣˣߺվԼ󣬲ȻĲء
ԣߺ㣬ֱһ˿ԼöԷٵʧ
ΣʵûѣֱӾʹӦˣã󣬷ʵϱǿߺ֮Χˡ
֮ϢԴԴĽߺĻ꺣֮УȻ󣬵֮ȫɵʱ򣬸ߺ۾һ
ڳɹˣߺ˵
˲飬˽Ҳˡ
˵ǲ˲Ƿֹģô˲ڳͷġ
һ֮УŸ̷ָרߵģаġ
룬嶼ʮǿ̷֮࣬¶̲סҪ˵֣ˡ
κ̷֮£Ắ䣬İ̷ʮ̷ҪԹԷӡ
κҪ󶼻ķӣֻΪ˱̷
֪ʱʽ߷У֮Լϡ
Ҷ֪Ժܶ߶ΣӦʡ
УĳԱƾĽܲסʮ̷ֵǲп֪
У׵̷ŭ棬躮ġ
֮ӦоУЩ̷ߺŶò̡
廹ǡ֪˲֮УûбأصģߺǴһ˿аЦ뵽
ڸߺ뷨ķʵȻˣУϲľǷĶô֮ܽأҲΪϲĶԣѰҵġ
ߺͷĺߣ˵̽˵뷨ʱܲǰһַ˵˽
εɼ򣺡ģҾֻܴһˣҵѾľˣˣҸˣ
ߺǺȻ˵Щ̷֮Уܹܵ˶أ
⣬һͣĿ˸ߺһۣҲ֪ΪҴûнȥʶûҴȥ
˵꣬صڿʧˣһ⣬
ߺ˫һУɢһ˿΢âûȥ𣿺Ǻǣǿϧأ
ڷʣߺҲˣԷô˵һ֣ǰα֮µϸ֣Լαװɵĸи֣ô̤αӵͷϣվڶء
ԣڷʵĻߺʮһܶ鶼ǲŵġ
Ƿ˵Լˣɢ飬ߺǲôŵġ
ߵʵĪˣߵֶΣԼܹģȻߺûѡˣֻһһˡ
ʽߺǴشˣߺӣһӲĺµʱ󣬻Ǳһ£ȫδָ֪


520 º
ߺ֮ȥվϣһ̱֮С뵽ߺĻ꺣֮С
ţЩߣҲȫ뵽ߺ֮ˡ
˵ߣҲȻˣΪߺһ̣Ѿе˶ˣ˵ǵܶࡣ
֮ı仯ȽѸ٣붫춼ȣֱر
ǴΣߵĺɫ棬ΧһУ󣬸ߺĺǸط֮ãֱûж˸ڿ
Σߺǿ˲֪ٱϷʽȷҲˣϷʵԣߺжʮֵѸ١
ǲʱͽˣΧˣߺ׷ָָ㣬һЩŮ߶ֲĺ
ߺεĿ˿Լ壬ԭ˴·ٳˣߵ򣬽ߺ֮ϵһﶼȼճɷɻˣߺȻǳˡ
ҵŵģߺŭһһӴָ֮Уһ·˳ѸٵĴϣȻٵԶȥ
󵨣˭춼¡˻˵ʲôǽĳȴ׵ľˣΪ֮ڵĵطȻյˡ
ɵɵĿǸط⡭
ûӦߺͻһ󺮷Ա߿ٵķɹȥˣĺ罫ˣЦĿǰٻͷߺıӰ
⡭զզð찡ǵˣ˿Ц˵컹ø֮İȫ
Ӧæߺȥ˰ץסץס
ط˶ֻĿ׷ߺǲʲô飬Ϊµء
ĻûʲôΡ
ڣô࿴ֵĸˣû˳һ£ߺȻһ·ĳ˳ȥ

Щ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ͶΪʱˡ
׷׶ͷǺ󻰣ʱۣ֮ܿȥԲﶼС
˲ҵħλãϾֱ̫ˣߺһ˲ȥ
ħӰĿϧΪºܿҪʼˣǻûпߺӰ
ħֱڿ죬ʲô˵ʲôﰦ̾ʹǲܵʲôصĳͷҲбֵĿܣߺ
һħĻˣԺ˵ҪľҪϿºϽҪʱգ
ħΪȻĵ˵ͷûиߺֻǻ𱸶ѣĴ˽ºʱ䣬ǿҪˡ
չҲ˵ħУߺվǣĿǡ
ˣǸϽ߰ɣǴ·ߺޱ˵
ħߺһľϲ쳣ߺǻˣǻ㲻ܵأ
˾Ȼʵ˵ˣȻǣϾʵߺ΢Цŵ˵ͷû˵ʲô
ߺûͣҲû˵飬Ҳڲѯʡ
Ȼ⼸˲ħһ﴿ľһ¨ӣһбĳ
Сֵܣȥʲôȥˣô춼ôҰ
Һܾûȥˣ֪ò棡
ô֮ģ˵֮ÿһ׽ѳҲȥԣҰ취ҽȥɡ

ߺԽԽҲûдֻǸħԶȥ
һ·ֻħл⵹ҲԵ֮в̫įҲħʱ䶼Լλţԣ˵Ҳûмɻ䡣
ǣǼһмɻ䣬Դӿߺ֮󣬺ȻָߺˣƵϢһ˿ı䡣
Ȼ˵ʲô仯ǣԿ϶ǣߺ֮ǰӵΣˡ
ߺҲһħһвϵ˼Ǵߵ򣬸ߺȫջڸߺ徭ǺɫĴЩ״־ˡ
ǿǰٳ߸ͷһ˿µĽ۷壬ǣ׻Щܡ
ϾߺкܳһʱûԼˡ
νºȻǺΣգǣȴһõʲôôԼͻƵףǾٺòˡ
ڸߺʵһһأߺʵܲˡ
ǰӡסԼޣΪǣΪȼս֮ȫŲó
º춼ԶԼ˸ûж೤ʱϢ󲿷ʱ䶼ڸ·
˲ģǿٵķУڲĵûʲôϾʱĸߺˣѾ۷Ĵˡ
߲жֹܹסأ
ܴԸߺ˼ٵķУԼһ£ſĹȥ
һ·ϣߺûͲķ羰øߺЩϧ˱Ͼڸʱ䣬ԸߺҲ޻˵
ħˣǽ֣ΪºʼѾܽˣǵʱﲻĻܳͷһˡ
ңζ˵ǱȽҪģܽȻǸӵҪˡ
ҿߺջǸˡ
º棬һ߲ʵŨѤʣߺԴӽ뵽УоΧȻɣԸߺΪ˵ǲġ
ߺ˵нٶֹʧħ˵ЩŨûʲôҪǵĸߺ
ϾߺǵһνҲȽչ˸ߺ
Լǧſĳ߲º
ߺ֣ǰһ޴ĺԼаĴСǺˮɫģ̲״ԼԭεģƽĽ
û߸ߺ飬ߺһΪºһż
ºߣվźܶߣŮһǣûߺ߿󲿷ֶǽŵ濴ȥ
ߺϸЩ˴Լ֮࣬ڸ߼˵ѾǳϡˣңΪ͵ģǺӾ磬Ҷ۳ġ
ħŸߺһӪȥ˻عͷ
һ˶ħһˣߺŭĿӣԭߴħͷǹȥˣ
ħ֮еľԺתͷԴȥ˵˭أԭǾ֮еαӣ˵ôûʣһǲòα
ħҪôױŭǰһϵǰ洫ߺתͷȥ֮ǰһŻɫ·ߣվǣĶº
ʱһħ߹ȥܵ²μƳϣλǸߺСֵܣ
ϻͷ˳õҲƽ뷢԰ף̬ӵӣǣߺȴϸоǿƣ
ߵĶŸߺ˵ͷߺҲ˵ͷ
СֵܣãǽƳϣ˴εж߻عͷº
ߺ˵ͷҲǣҪ˵жǲܵģǣȴ֪߲֮ܶϣ۲š


521 
ǲǣûбҪҲȥȻȥαԽǵվһأ
ߺ̧ͷȥ֮䣬еһԲ£ŬͷԼĹ⻪ߺûпĹ⻪
ǸߺһԲ£ڿУҫԼĶһ޶
ߺ濴ȥʱԲ£ô󣬺ûʲô仯Ⱥڿʲôأ
ߺףΪʲôôź濴ûκαȽصĵط
ǣ漴ߺ㲻ôˣΪ֮еԲ¾Ȼһ˲ʧӰ٣ôƽ޹ʵʧˡ
ʲôô£ߺʣǣЩȴȻǰͺ̵ȥȻͨͨȥ
ƳϿߺڷ㶣ˣĹҲһʱʱ䣬ʱҲڣͻ޹ܹϿʱ򣬾ͱǴڿֻһʱʱ䣬ǳͱҪȵһοˣ
ߺҲ˲ϾˣҲˮȥͨһˮ
º֮УߺȻ֣ºˮһЩ߶˳ǰǰӾ
ߺҲ˳˳һٵļȥһ·ϳ˺ܶˣħǽĸڸߺ
ڸߺǰʱ򣬺Ȼˮ֮Уһž޴İӰЩ˿ߺʱǺݺݵľһѡ
ֻǰӰȻһ޴࣬Լʮɵĳȣʻɫģֻ۾֮͸¶׹⡣
ģûһ˿Ƭһ㡣
ſԼѪڣһɼλˮ֮гȥܣȻֺܶСգˮм
ˮϸСˮˣߺ֪ȷˮˡ
ɶ񣬸ȥɣһ̵һߣǸ̵ߣոձԼͱ˽ȥ
Ҳͬʱϣϧһ˿öû𵽣Ͳںǵ㹥ͬһ㡣
ڳԵ֮󣬿˸ߺˣ۾һҲû뵽֮лоۼɶѵġ
Ҫúõıһ١
ߺֲ尵ķֻͣ£˫Ŀǰ㣬һ仰Ҳ˵Ͽʼ
һӰȴڸߺǰħ
Ϊߺûֿ㣬ԱɵأȻϹˡ
Ȼ˶֣ߺȻԼضˣңҲ뿴ħͬУʵΣ
ֻħ˷˳еˮ£ȥ˫ֱð
ǰĵ·ͱΪۣ֮ħһ뵽С
ߺˣ˵ôãֻʳѰ˵ţǰȥ
ֻһִֻ˸ߺļϣֵܣǲҪССΪã֮Ϊǿģ
˵һħħȻ˼ҵֵܶżԼҲûбҪżˣȻǱˮпš
Ȼһħ˵ħȻΪ֮ȻӶԷϵĲߺܹоħߣҲǺ
ħкţһץסļݣһץסļݣȻӲֹ͡
ȻôϲɣҾ㳹׵ıϰɣħŭһ˫һȻݸӲİ
һ˲䣬Ѫӿ㶪ݣʹ̣ˮн
ħȻǲ񫣬ٴεĽöݣ˫һٴ

ԼʮӹȥˣϣѾûκˣֵĿžߺţһںڡ
ⲻû³Ա˳ŵ˭ãƬƬ⼸ħͷºˣʡԺˡ
ħˮУ㲻мָʾٹ
㲻ϵĺˣ⣬ȻףȻ󾪿ֵĿžϵҡͷ
ߺôôΪ潵ĳأѲҪΪ潣
˿ģӴߺһ£ؿζؿζ
Ȼˣεǰȥ˲סӣȻһζȥ
׷ģһħˡɣǽżԺеǻľʰ𣿡
εͣӣЩϧĿ˿ıӰֻʣһӰˣߵʱ򣬱ʱˡ
ߺε뵽ҲֲȻһ㶼˿־ԺǼ˰ɡ
ߺͣٵĹѾˣĸţ˵ٶȵǿࡣ
Ǿһлãֻһץһݣ˳ˮȥ
һ·ϵǿöݵ㣬жԶԶҲ֪˰ɣݣпܸеۡ
ߺֻô룬Ϊߺǵп˿־Ŀ⡣
һ·裬ߺ˴Լ˳ŰζһСʱҲҿߺΪǿѾܹˣȻĻƽ˲Źء
һλãߺ˽ڣһԼֱ׵ĶڣˮԴԴϵȥ
ҲΪĴڣԲ˰
ߺ˵岻̫󣬾ΪӴħеѾҲǿӲļ˽ȥ
뵽Ǹ֮󣬸ߺ˾͸оܵĿռ˺ܶ࣬ħҲܹˡ
ǣûб߽һ㣬۸ߺô׹䣬ľͷ
ͽϣߺǸصĶѨ֮дԼһ֮ˮҲ˲١
ټˮֱֱµģǸоԼôҲڵɵľ룬ſһ˿
˵˲͸һ㱡ķ֣һƬոµĿռ䡣
ߺȻ뵽ΣԼ
˫ħĹҿҸµȷԵ
û˵꣬ĶھȻʼˣȫĳ
ϵ¹ƾߺ˵ΪܹĿǣȴˡ
ԭ¹ٳ֮ʱضٳ֮ʱ
ƬҲ˫ħĹһнƵأԣЩڶ׵ʹҲᱻ˲䳤ظѹ顣
һȥ֮󣬸ߺ̸оˣΪڰУµˮһ㡣
Щˮһ㣬Ƕڳȥ
գǴˣȻһص硣
ЩҪģҪǣߺ濴Ļѣ⣬ҵĽ
ҿذɣߺͷĺˮε˵
漴֪ˣЩҵĽġ


522 
Ѳ˳ˣߺɻ˵ܶ𽥵
&#*ߺȫЩԲģѲر֣
ߺٿʱ򣬷쳣ԼĲ¶ˣ治ȫࡣ
Щ߾ٻѣŸֱΣڲ֮ϵģȴǸֶͷ­
ˣãǾȻôˣңǵܵѹƣһħص˵
ħ⣬ԼȻͬһħ˵յѹơ
ʱħɻĵûаҵ۷壬û˵ѹƣ
ߺȻ򣺡Ԫܵѹƣ壬Ǹһܵ
ԣһܵȻɫ䣺ⲻǱ
Ͷˣ߸ͲҪҪʳﲹԼԲûиоܵʲôѹƣȴͬˣǿģԣȻѹˣ
ߺĽͣܺҲˡ
ֻߺ׵ǣԪȻҲյѹˣǣû̫أһֺܸ߼ѡ

øߺעĲԼԪܵѹƣĳ顣
ոҲ˵ˣ治ֻˣࡣ
˵ľŻѣűвͬЩţվţ򱻿š
ţȻǱˣǽ˨һľ֮ϣصķš
ȥȫǿʢģߺЩ޼ʵ֪̾ʲôˡ
Щ˵ɢŷǳǿһȻ;ħǿ
µһˣֻҪҲٸԼȥǵñ˲ɣǵӣͲգըˡ
ҿԣԼܲãߺ֪⿿Լ˵ûа취Щ˶Կ
ߺ̸ܻУɣϧһͲ˵Բܹͨ
˵ʲô˵ʲôߺҲߺܹҲ޲

ߺôһѣЩ˲ŷӦ֮󣬹Ԫˣûꡣ
Ҫ֪־磬յ
һƬƬĹâڶڵص磬ȻܹԪȴꡣ
ҲǣԪȻͬǣ˵ԳһƬ֮ˣôܲء
ģǸڻϿߣоԼѾˣ˭֪Щ˵ʲôƢ
ϲģϲ԰ģǺߣѾõˡ
͸еϲţ⣬еϲţһ
ҲܻһһϲģմŽĩ뽴ͳԵģǲǣǾıˡ
ãҲħһ֣ȻĴ˴꣬ʹǰ尡¸ҵսʿ
һħҲȸȸԣȥһҺøߺʹֹֺ׹ܾݵݵΣж
ɵԶ㱻ףߺָָ棬ֻԶƬӰŷɱ
ٶȼ죬֮һ㣬ңشǺԣһ޼ߺ֪̾ˣһƬˡ
ֵҹѵ£֮սǾɵˣߺŲء
ʱ򣬸ߺҲ֪ˣΪʲôҪԼˣһԼʵȷû˵ڶΪ˵ĴڣÿһΪǿߣܻõľ
ҲҪһ㣬߸һʵǷǳǿ󣬵ǣһϼҵսе鲻ԽѳֲסԼ
ߺͷ߰治֪һôŵġ
ȻǲǻʲôĿģߺͲ֪ˣǣĿǰЩԵġ
˿ԶЩˣֻһħ΢΢˼һ£ˡ
Ͼ֮˶ֳܹ֮ǿ
ǣһͲͬˣеɫԽԽ˷ܣҪǸߺʹֹǣѾȥˡ
ߺ߸һڰԶȥЩսߣҲ۴ģսˣ˳ս
Щ־嵽£ɷ˿ɾûôõˣڷĽţϵ֮һı
û˵Զʱ򣬸ߺԶԶĿһۣЩ˴ŶǿͷųˣЩ׽ֻߡ
֪ǲбڣеĻ֪Щôˡ
ټһطߺֻôһڣȻĻǰߺֻӡ
ˣʹٶٿ죬ͨǰ׿ڵʱҲֻӡ
ңЩ㵲·Ҫսһõʱ͸ˣôô̵ʱͨأ
ڸߺǰЩˣ󲿷ֺˣû뵽ȻȫץסˣһǿߣսҲôȫץס
˵֮ͨһҲ˵
ߺûʲô˼ˣΪ⼸ԼĲأǳһħħĿսĳ
һͷһ֣ҪǸߺһħ٣£Ǽ޲ϳȥ
սӰߺ̾
ߺջˣңңģߺЩںŭɱ
ּʧߺ;ᷳôأ˰ֱ
ߺҲ֪ҹѣЩʵǺԣǵѡ˺ˡ
ܾ֮󣬸ߺоǹɲԼ˺ԶˣͣϢ֮УȻٶȺܿ죬ǣȴ֮
˶ӿռָ֮óʯգֻиߺʱж̣ûлʯ
ħ֮ͬУħҲаʮˣ곤һħһٶˡ
ߺǺܴ󣬵ǣЩ֮ͬУˣСܶࡣ
룬ħͬвʵǾǲ֮УᣬΪǿɵġ
ͿԿħͬежôǿ
ǣʹţҲûпߺţʮ굽ǺӾ磬ʵǳǿ
ֲţǣߺ㡣
ǾǺӾһЩرƷߺûС
Ҫ˵ö˭Ҳûиߺ࣬Щ۷ǿǺӾǣ߶ǡ
룬˲飬̨Ȫͼ
Щ֮УֻһлϽպأͿԿˡ
Ȼ岻㣬¹ϣ֮бࡣ
ǣ˲ȴҲڸߺУǿǵǿ˸ߺС
ÿһóȥΪ֮Ʒⲻò˵ߺԵá
ԵòƷж١


523 ӵ
ȻߺûУǱлʯ棬ħͬߺ˵֦ͬһϵƣߺʵȻҲȫıϡ
ԣħҲ׷׸ߺʯָܹʵ
ħߺȻƴǣϾħˣԼƳ٣ҲԵýˡ
ң棬ΣأһʵҾͶһݱϲǣ

Լʮȥˣߺ˵ʵҲָĲˣߺȻһʼͺǣʯҲ㹻ǿ󣬼ϸߺձ⼸˶Ѹ٣Ҳûʲô顣
ʵȫָʱ򣬼˿ʼڵϢԺ顣
Һӵÿ죬ȻĻǾĲˣû뵽ȻǽԪģǵʵ޷ʩչ
ȻһʼһħħһսǾߺôһѣȻͷӦˡ
ȽΪҪսʲôʱܹС
ߺһħĻȴҡҡͷǻûѳЩ˵ħơ
ǰܹӦмǿϢǼٵĿһЩĴѲץЩ֮˵ġʱħվ˵
ʲôҵԪƣΨһõľˣܹʩչ;ʩչϾ۷壬ΣղŻжԿĿܡ
ߺħôһ˵˶׷ʩչ꣬̽ȥȻ˺ܶϢĴڡ
ˣȻǳǿ󣬺ħϢȡ
ԭʵħϽ֮ߵĴڣԪƵ£ʵҪ
Ǹôأһħתͷߺ֪֮УߺѾΪС䡣
ߺվ죬ѣЩ㣬ʵڲб׷ϣҲֻмʵǿļһܵΧ
ţħͬΪȻĵ˵ͷҪ˵˵ʵܸߺǣǣֵԣߺȷǸʤһ
ǲ֪ǣܹСС͵۷壬ԲУôܴ
ңڸߺڶ춼ģǷ赶ӣǳߣǣߺں龳ʱܹڶʳȻʵ⣬ûļƻȻܳɹġ
˶ڸߺƴӣߺȻǱȽĻǸѱûΣʶģԼβ֮̽ã֮а
գɾ죬ΧȦжȥ
еĿ꣬ΧȦıش

ԼмʮˣߺҲڽ˵Ŀһˡ
ֻ˵Ƕֻ࣬ȴһҰ޵ͷ­ÿ˶⵹ߺȽϲ졣
ЩʱɫģͷϴñӣϵһȦȦıСеͷģһ˵ܲ
ҲǴ⣬Ҫ˵ͷ­Ҳ
ң˵Ҳ볣˲ֱͬʲôѵΣ˸·ʲôģ˵Բͬߺ²⣬Ӧԡ
Щ˵ʵǺǿģߺ˳Ǳ߳ʱ򣬴Լǰ׵ʱǲŷ֡
ߺ֪һţЩ˴Լк۷ľ磬ΧȦ֮еСȺˡ
Ѹ%&ǿߺ֮󣬲ûֱӳĺУ˵ʲô
ǣǺ֮󣬸ߺЩطϢ·ı˷ߺط
ߺ̾ʶʲôãںȱҪսپ
˵ţһȣЩӳȥ꺣֮е걬ǣ漴һӰͳ˸ߺ
˾ħ֮ͬеħˮˣǿûʲôѹơ
һ־ͺ˺ܶ˵壬ߺҲ󣬸ħǰ֮˼ҵս

嵽ǰʱ򣬸ߺŷ֣ԭЩ˵ĸͷǷǳΰԼиһңǷŵ棬ܹصж
Щ˵ǲҪľǣ֮лһ
ߺδţûмʶʮֵ
ңԼЩȻԻΣܹһ
Щ˵ʵڸߺ˵ǰԵЩ̫ˣԣߺ˼ǼӣͽЩƤһ
漴ߺԶȥ
ߺԶʱЩǸΧסĸӰ֮Ưţ񲻷һ˿
һˣԶ˵ʦˣЩ֮ˣȻǵʿɱˣֱ˷ָ
ûЩɶߣһҪǵѪӢʿ飡ǸʦҲŭ˵
˵֮˿Щϵʬ壬һ˿
˺ᵽʲô׷ʿǣ׷Щӵߣ֪ǴӢ£
ˡЩ֮󣬷׷ߺ׷ϴɱߺʲôʮˡ
ǣȫȻûпǹǵ֮󣬽֮ųԵĲ̡
ЩʿߺǸνʦĶ֮£һͷ˫ɢűĿ⡣
ԲˣλӢµ꣬Ϊ˸ǱҪǵ˵ţǸͷȻٵı䳤ЩʬǰȲһڿڵĽʳ
Щʬ֮Ǹͷӣٴ»ص˶֮£˵ˣҪ׷ǣǵ壬׸СȮˣ
ţǻǸϿ׷ɣ˵ţ˱㼱ٵߺȥķ׷ȥһƬѪҺ
ûƬѪҺĻ˭ỳɣҲĳ顣
ߺҲ֪Ⱥ˾ȻʳԼͬ顣
Ƿŵ˵ϣҲԲԼԼϵ⣬ʹԼˣҲԡ
ǣЩȴΪԼʵϧԵԼֱͬ˷ָ

ߺ˷еļ죬ԣЩ˶׷ϲϣе˶Ҫ׷ϲϣĸˣٶȼ졣
ңԴǸͷʦˣЩʬ֮󣬺Ըߺ˵ϢΪ˽⣬ȻӺ׷
ߺȻˣϾﻹһӵħء
ǵҲǳǳأ磬СֵܣҸоˣ׷Щһʵǳǿ󣬴Լÿһǿ󣡡
ߺ̧Լ˫ǾˣղЩսҲ֪ԷЩˣʮֵ⣬֮ǰûнӴ
ûһȻƾٻսֱֹǲ˼鰡
ߺڼٵ˼Խ׷Խˡ


524 ս
%%ڸߺǰĸƯڿУŸߺЦ
ߺεǰ⼸һߴģԲͨһﻹôĻ룬ߺҲǷ⼸ˡ
ǼջǱĸ׷ˣǸߺܵǰ⼸ܵٶе̫ˡ
ңߺ֮Уֻоʵ۷壬Ƕû۷ʵ
ƫƫ⼸֮УֻоħٶȷǳҲǣȻЩٶҲǳĿ죬Ǹߺ֮
ǣһ󲿷֣û־ٶȣǵٶֻǿ֮ǿԣǱ׷ˡ
ߴﹾ˵ʲôأôһ仰Ҳħ߷ߵ˵
Բͬûа취Էľǳǿ󣬽Լ˼˹
ЩߣȻɱǵˣҪѪծѪ˼
ߺ΢΢һҶܿơ
Լ֣ȻһָĹ£ƵĶԷôܻῴأ׷״ŭ
ͷӶ֮Ҳˣ⼸˵ģߺȫľˡ
滹ÿģǣȴǺźɫëһţͷǶֱģһ㶼ûʹе˶Աߣֻڳ
һʱ򣬸ߺ̲סЦˣҲ̫ˣȻǹԴ
ⲻǹͷ𣿡ħ㶵˵
ߺЦǺóƺǵĸ߹󣬾˵Ϲɣ
˸¡ߺǵƷͷģһϵĹЦȻòզأֲɵ֪ܲߺڳЦǡ
˽Լĵ˳һϸĵҷǳıͬһƬƵġ
ǳĳڻ֮ϵλϣһ΢΢Ļȡ
ô߳ŭ˭ϰһħȻ֪ߺ뷨ˣȻ׷ˣڲսѲɻ
ңԷٶȣԼԲǶֻ֣սЩɱˣ
ɣЩ˵ʲôͣ̽һ£ߺ˵ոգԴЩ˵սʽʮڲͬߺˡ
˵ţߺֱȥ棬ǸԴǸˡ

ߺոߵǰԴ˫־еĵߺϺݺݵ
ٶȷǳĿ죬£ͷǱѰټЩԣȻûƵռ䡣
ߺ˵һҲ޷Ƶռ䣬ԷĵԽԽӽԼĶͷߺ˫һ
Ǿ㳢ЩɣߺûʩչԼʩչԼİ
һԱӸߺĺٵıԼǰԼǰ
ৡһȻߺֻγɵķһˡ
ߺ˫һ㶣һʵҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ
ǲϵĳЦŸߺ˵ʲô
ߺĳϣлŽ״۵ĳ״ߺĲ֪֮ʦʱ߳١
ǰһһ֮Ҳһжˣڣһħǿ̬֮£ԲȫƵߺĲ֮

ϵᣬһԳٴڿγɣϵڿĴţߺѴ֮վڰС
ԪСӣô£ҸоԪأѲûбȫѹƣѾʩչԪˣ
ںħ֮ͬеħȵæʩչԼԪǣԼԪøոһͲԼ֧䡣
Ҳ²⣬СӵԪһǳĸ߼ԣЩ֮Уûȫյѹƣһħ˵
Ȼˬǲ˵ɵʮ죬ͲˣǿĲ٣ЩĴڣԣǲܹɵĿԪ
ߺԿԪҲʹߺ֮еĵȼЩȣǸ߳ЩȻĻʩչԪġ
ЩҪǷǳľȣǾڸߺʩչԪǲ֪Ԫʲô
ǾȵǣߺĲ֮
ǸԴǷǳȻ֮У˵ʵǿģǣҲġ
ĵѸľǹѸ;ٵĻӵǿս֮ռȻ
ǣǰǶӳѾնˣȴٴεˡ
᣿ǸԴ˸ӵľȣոһȫ̺֮Լŭȫһǣǰߡ
ߺҲеԾԷҲЩǿ˰ɣߺԱ˵Լǿ̬ıˡ
ţʹ֮սҲᱻԷһȭ飬ǣԷȴԽ֮һնϣҲ̫ǿˡ
ңԷĻӵٶҲǷǳĿ죬쵽ߺֻһȥͷ֣ԼıѾնˡ
֮ߺ˫ֻӳһԪȥԪʼӣܵĿȫᶳˣǸԴ塣
ЩǸԴ֮͸ȥģѾ뵽֮ˡ
Щʼѣ飬ǣ֮ǰǸԴȻЩķг˳Ÿߺ
ʱ򣬸ߺо֮Уһӿڴ֮ǰԱߵǸͷ֮Ҳ
¶һ˿΢ЦħͬУǱߵ˾ͽˣСǵľ
ħͬܲףոոߺʩչǴ֮ʱǱߵļһСĹԴˣ
ٺٺ٣û뵽ǾȻô΢ȻЩСǾͺͱүɣħ֮ͬ˵žеţͷ˹ȥ
ܹǿˣһˡ
Ҫ˵ϲ飬˱ˣײղܡ
СǸͷǿ󣬶ң֮еҲǳأȻܹһǱܣߺĶħ֮ͬе˵
ħ˵ͷֳĸˣǸͷΧסϵЦ
ͷʶʲô֪ոյСߺˣû뵽⼸˿ʼΧԼ
ǣͲǺ⣬ΪΪǿˣΧ
սʼˣû˵İæҿ㵽ܴҵйУߺ¶һ˿õ΢Ц
ǣĿ֮ȴҲ˸ΣյĹâ
˸£ΣǸԴѸٵĽԼеĵߺն
һߺæˣǶˣԼؿһͷȥֻԼ·Էˡ
ÿٶȣһٶȼֱǼƷˣߺɫأ֪һﲢôöԸġ


525 
򣡡ߺĴӿ꺣֮е꼱ٵɢڸߺ֮⡣
ߺҲ֪Լһн򲢲ʣǣߺʵҲ벻ˣֻʱ֮Ϊ
ңߺͷҪΪ˽ԷǸԴٶȽȻĻеֿסˣԷĻصٶԽԽ죬Ӹղŵһ⣬˲е˸
ߺ۾ˣԷĻӵٶȾȻ쵽̶ֳϡ
ƬƬѩ״ıǸط䵽˹Դϣٶ̼˺ܶࡣ
ٶȣǻӵٶȣ˺ܶ࣬ǣٶȸߺǿĸߺӦ
ߺ˭սٶȶû·磬ǣΣߺһθоԼȻԶԷٶ޿κΣЩġ
һһٵĴӸߺǰɨбһ˺۴Ӹߺϳ֣˵ĵطȻͳͳ˺ɫ
⵶о綾ߺȵ˵ʵû뵽ԷʵôǿȻþ綾е̫ŵ˰ɡ
ߺڵԪЩ綾ıʼЩסԪһɫӸߺ֮ðȻ󱻸ߺ⡣
ԣЩȥľ綾һıʹзǳŨҵľ綾
ߺоһ£Ȼ֣Щ綾ǴӵϻԼڵģǣӵдġ
ǶԣңжԵЩ綾֮һ㡣
㣬ߺԲ²ԷûڵĨϾ綾һĹ
ҺãߺڳˣңԪҲЩԵ߳ܶ౶֮ܽסء
ڴͬʱǸߺ˿սҲ˿ս֮С
ǸţͷĹȻǳľ޴ħȣȻ޼
ͷƤ񣬼ֱ岻ˮò͸ߺƤƣƤɡ
ΪľǸͷˣĸ˵Ĺ֮䣬˳ͷųԱ߻ȥ
ЩǵԱߵʱĴԱ˹ȥһ㡣
ңߺЩһǸͷԼǰԴûнԼȫͷų
ȻߺҲûнԼͷųŻ·ġ
Ͼ֪֮аսֻ֪Լ˽˵ǿôܡ
ħ֮ͬУϾҲ࣬ħͲ֪˵ֱֻ֪ǰս
ԼѹƣޱȵĽʹõһδһΣǣֵܾȻûĵġ
ߺʮֵľȣ뵽ѲʲôҲ֪ľУ
ǰȻߺˣϾڸߺԪͲȫʩչּϲϵĽԼжԪԼ֮⣬͸˸ߺ֮еԪٵļС
ȥ»Σء
ңӲϵս֮УߺҲ˽Դˣֻٶȿ죬ӵٶȿ죬ǷʤĶ
ҲֻЩѣ֮⣬
ǴαûǸͷʦǣһֱûз
Ǳߺı򲻶ϵĽٶȣûٷһΣߺ룬ֲģǸͷ
뵽ߺһ˿֮ɫǾȶһۣʧȥһҲá
һħλֵܣóʵǸͷãҪԴϵ浽ʲôģ
ߺ˵ĺɣħͬȴˣߺĵҲʵһЩȻҪ赲ͷʱ򣬿ٵɱ˹Դ
ڸߺҪȴûΥĿԣûҪΥ
Ͼ֮Уֻ˵ǸһҪǧټƵĵõõ֮˭Ҳֻܽûû˵Ӹߺ
ԣߺո˵֮һħΧͷļħ׷׿ʼͷԼ֮ڵ
һĿռȻǿռ֮γɣѹ˳ȥؿռ佫ǸͷΧ档
ߺ۾һȻ⼸˶ɹˣҵĲ²û
ͷŰΧͷоԼܵһ±ˣԼҲƬռ֮У֮еȵȣȵѹơ
ҲҲʩչˣŭԴԼгɣûء
ҲǣԷû֮УҲûһģֻעǿһɡ
һԷǺǿǵĻҲƽ߲ˣˣȲЩء
ﬡ屻סˣϵײǲ򣬿ǣĸĽ֮Χ棬ûа취ʩչԼ
Ȼһħ˶ˣߺȻҲͲˣ֮бߺȻû򣬵֮
ңԴûа취ͷȣǲ̺֮ŨҵĺȻЩԴΧ棬Ȼ죬ȴ׵ıסˡ
ΣΡǹԴں֮пɫķ񵶹⣬Ȼ˺ɫԼȫȫ͵Ǳ֮С

Ȼ˫ֳֵ۱̵ðĶͷϣһ͹бһ
ߺЩ֮ĺȻʼѿǣڲ֮Ĵڣٴεۣѣۡ
ÿѶǹԴϵһ˿ǵϵɫǳһ֣ģѾǳһּ£ɢɫĹâ
Ҳôߺ֪ԷɳԷ̣оﱰɳªأ˵˵жʹ졣
֮ٴδӸߺɢ˷ȥԴٴαϡ
ΣǸԴþˣҲƿ֮ıˣߺԭôģǣ벻鷢ˡ
ʱ꣡ԴȻԣ˫۳죬ûȷԣȻʮֵĹϡ
ǣʵȷֹϵԣ˵ԶڷǸʱȽС
һֹ˰ɣΪ޻֮չȥ֮ǾͿʼڵˡ
ȻֹʧˣкܶоϾҪ̽żĻͨǲȱٵġ
ͱ磬ż֮Удʲôʲôȴһ㲻֪Ϊ㲻ʶǹְ
ԣзǳڲϵѧϰֹ⣬Ƿʣ֮ǰõʱԡ
һɫĹϿʼͺ֮Ͻһ㣬Ŀ꣬ǸԴķ
ǰ׹Ӵߺһ¾ͻˣ뵽ĹԴ֮С
ߺķ֣ǸԴ֮ԴںǰɫĹ֮Ȼ˲ͻָˣҾ۷ʱ


526 ɱ
־󣬸ߺ׵ľˣû뵽飬ֱװǵ׹⵽ģ
˵ǴϽģǣƫƫǽذǾԲܴӽ֮Ūġ
ȻĻɱȡѵһˣĸصǲˡ
ߺɲţЩߵѹƵãЩǿߣɲô׾ͱѹסġ
ǵѾߵһľģߺ֣߳˫ɯߺֲ
ţֱǿǽ䵽ص磬ôң
ȻҪ˵ߴռ޻̸֮Ƕʲô̶ȵﰡ

һԷһ¾ͽԼܵĺƿˣȻ󣬲ϵһѪ·ȻעŸߺ
%&**ǵ׹֮˶ʮֹĶݡ
ߺ˫һǰĹͷˣû뵽ӡأȻ㲻Ը⣬ôͳ׵ǰȥɣ
˵ţߺ۾Ȼ˸һ£ԽԽ䡣
ԱߵħͬбסˣΪҲѧܹͷ˸ո˵ԡ
ߺʽ̹Բö˵ߺù˵Ȼ㲻ԶʹȥǾҸǿɣ
ߺ仰ʱĸ˷׷һ㶣ȻעŸߺɬĹ˵ΣôǵʥΣԺ׼ʥ˵
ߺ΢΢𣺡Ǿ͵ÿǵʲôʵˣ
˵ţߺ꺣֮еԽתԽ죬Ӵ֮ӸߺϲδӸߺ֮бŷ
ˮеĲһԼǸͷ˰һ
ǿߺʩչһеģһӵԶԶģϧ֪ߺӵһеĲ࣬˵ͷߡ
ǸߺһʩչҲǸߺûа취ˣ֮ã͸˵ʲôˡ
ڶԸߺСӵ⡣
ͻƵ֮߸ƫڷ豹ˣһ֮ʤ˭֮ǿ˭ǿ
֮ǽ֮ӵõһ̬˭ӵãȻʤļʾ͸ӴһЩ
ߺ˫ԽԽ䣬е˵桤ֹˮ
Ȼ䣬ЩΧĿռȫסˣĿռȻͬһˮ֮ĴڣԸߺһʩչһС
һһʩչռ䶼·ֹһ㣬κζһģ·𶨸ˡ
ħһûһУҲߺһоˣСӣ⼸һУǰͻһأ
һħصĬĬ˵˵ǰͿʩչһУô˵ĻҲ̫ˣǣЩһУôߺˣ͸ӵĿ£µ츳
Ҫ֪һ֮۳жôѣ꣬Ѿкܶˣǣֻ֮һǷǳѵġ
֪ߺ桤ֹˮһר桤ѩӴ桤ףǲǵ÷أ
㲻裬ٸߺǰҲʮֵԱԹûп츳ôǿء
һжͬһ㣬ȻƶˣߺǸͷ˾Ǵھ֮еżһ㡣
漴ǷеĲͬΪߺ徹ȻھֹĿռ֮ƶţȻٶȷǳĻܹȷǻƶ
⡭ô£ߺͷڵǸƽһ㣬κεĲͬǵȷƶ
ͷ˱鶼û䣬˵䲻ûа취ı䣬֮еٵתǣԼǲԼһ㣬ͿƲˡ
ͷ·һʬһ鶼ı䲻ˣֻе۹⣬ֵĿŸߺԼƶ
ߺȷǲܸƶһƶĻôߺͻԼƵһУֻҪһ˿ƣһҲͲˡ
ߺͷԽԽʱҲˣǷĹߺһֹˮǷҪӳȥ
Ǹͷ˶ʱٶȺˣǸߺǣ˼˶ڰ
ңΧͷ˵ĸһﶼԼ򣬲ͷôǿҲĴ֮УͷųԼ
ټϣߺѹͷɱˣƱؾͻȥЩߣ˳֮£Էܿܽȫɱˡ
ǿǲĺòװλˣôһоͶˡ
ҲħֻͬſߺˣǾڸߺ츳˵ĻЩҲлɳˡ
Ϸ׷׵ıǿƣһ˲ͽ˻ˣһħˣҲΪԺˡ
ͷǿԾͷ˵ģûǴĴķ϶֮Ӷݳֱ֮Զȥ
ˣ˭ûй˭ԹԵˡ
һȻͷˣбĿ⣬ĿŸߺߺ΢΢̡
ù˵࣬ı죬Ҳǽҵģ
˵꣬ӵĿռ䶼ˣͷ˻ϲ쳣ΪƬռˣԼͿӶݳȥˡ
ǣû뵽ЩıƬûоʹɢȥ˷ȥ
ЩߺȥıƬߺ֮󣬾Ǳߺһ㣬뵽ߺ֮У»ߺ֮
Щǲϵڹͷ˵ϻ֮д󣬵еһУʱ򣬹ͷѾΪһѪ⡣
ɫģͷ˵ϵȷǺо綾
ǿͷˣô򵥵ڸߺֹˮ֮£ҲǸߺһеһηӦеʵ
εķӣ˵ͷȻǿǺǣ
ͷҲûںʱ꣬Ϊ춼ܶˣôóأ
Щ˵Ӷݣߺû⣬ϵģչϣңоǵǰԼȫԱ

һжڳˣħͬҲ֣Լһ飬ûκεĹԸߺҲе㲻˼
ǣǶڸߺȤˣǶû뵽ߺʵԸߵֵزϡ
СӣȻûпˣеħһߺӣĴŸߺļ򣬹Ц
ħҲ΢ЦĿŸߺߺ΢΢һЦʵҸͬǵϾֻǾ߾ͺˣûбҪķôȥǣ
ߺţ⼸ҪɱˣҲпܵģϾǵǱȸߺҪǿʢġ
ħ˵»ûзӳԼʵ
ʩչʵǸţͷˣֱ붼߰ɡ
ڸߺԾħбʤأ˵ʵͷ˸Ӳţͷأ


527 ֮
ûɱԷߺǱȽϿɵģϾǽԼʵıȽϺá
ħͬȻ֪ûиߺʤһУҲô׾ͽԷȫľߣϾԼʤĿܡ
ǣߺһǾˣԼ˲ûʤϣǳȥ¾ͻᲿͷ˵ĺ󳾣ԣɴֱ·ˡ
ǸȥأߺЩˣҪ˵֮Щ˵ĻôҲûʲôҪȫһ޳ܵ塣
ߺѯʣ⼸һ¶˼ı飬˼ҪҪԼ֪ȫ߸ߺ
ǣûȫߣֻԼ֪˵˳
ʵºżͷˣʱǵʵǺǿһ˽ģĽȴǣûһܹȥǸʱΪЩмһήңôʱķչǲس
Щһħͷ˵ģ˵˭ħ֮ͬеϴôͷһħĪˡ
һħ˵˻᲻Եɵķɡ
ԣһЩܵ飬һħԼ˵ȽϺá
ͨһħĻߺŪףЩ꣬һʧڲлԭΪºԭ
ڶм棬ԣŻʧûټԭΪ躹ޡ
ȻҲһȽǿˣȻûǿ󣬵ǣǿҪ֪ϢϣôһȵĻŷˡ
ԣ֮£Ƚǿһˡ
ȻӴϢԣ黹֪һģǻдߣǵУ֪һ顣
磬ޱȵӴ󣬴ԼһĲô󣬵ǣֵǣܶڵ̽żˣûзֹ⴦ż
񣬽ˣֻܴºڽڳȥˣͲΪ֪ˣϾûбĳڣֻнֳȥ֪
˽⣬Ƿ֣ȻǺܴ󣬵ǶǺӾ˵ֲǺܴ
ǷĻǺӾһ֮ڣȫܹ˵طһ׳죬ʲôܶסˡ
ǣϧǣźܶ壬ֻǿһ壬ˡ
Ƶ޴֪ˣң˵ʮֵıɣ޳
ǾһȺİһ㣬жôĺãҲм㡣
ûʲôܹǵʱǾͻԥ㣬㣬ٲ֮ء
ǣΨһĺôǣǳǿ
һΣվԶԶģԼ˶ˣǷŵƽʱǷǳŽᡣ
ҲǳĹ죬ʲôˣˣˣӦоС
Щԭ򣬻ΪЩȵϵҪһΣԣٶҲǱȽ
һߺˣԼٶڵѾĹͷˣҲô൶
Լ˸ӲᱻЩ˸׷ϣԣҪ̽磬ǱȽѵġ
һû㹻ָĶڶʹеĻҲǷǳΣյģΪ˲ǿ󣬶һΪڶࡣ
˵ʲôʱ򣬾һȺ˽ץȥ
ЩʮֵĲбеʱŮߣԵʱԣֵ֮ʱ֡
˵Աʤһ
ϰףͲö֪ˣΪǶʮֵĳӡ

˫Գ˵˫棬иΪǿ˵Ϊ˱ߣ磬һ˵ķ֡
˵սıݣΪ棬棬ԣǶ㵽ĻͲ߶ˡ
͸˫սȻ߲ʩչԼԪǣȴܹ
ǿ߾͸ǺˣҲûܵѹƣбȽǿһȺ塣
ڸߺҪҵģһı֮أǸߺĿǰҪ
Ͼϻʯޣңڱ֮أǷֲЩ˸ƻͲһǳõıѳ
ȷһǱ߷ȥɣߺ˼һԼбҪȥһΡ
ߺڵ֮ȻȫĻָˣǣڸߵս֮УߺеҲܵһˡ
˱ҪϻָȻĻһʱ򻹲ʲôǣһĽҪͷƾеսͻڲ¶ԷץǾǸߺˡ
ңߺҲǱ֮أܵ˽ֻǣȻһħԼܶˣǣߺܸоǶԼҪʲôԷûиԼ
ڸߺĽ飬ħͬȻ˷ˣ׷״Ӧ
ҲǵһνȲ֪Щ֮صȷеطҪһңȻʱʲôļһҸѳҲ
ߺȻҲ֪ǵ뷨¶һ˿΢ЦǿɲΪֻиոʵļһ̫ˡ
ʲô֮ذƾּһʵһ˶ȫӦħ
ߺָҴˣĴˣôͰأ
ħĻһħеýʺһ£ħ߳Զħʵ̫ǿˣһħ˰졣
ݺݵĿһ۾ұ죬㲻˵û˵ưˣҶۣ
ħǲ໽еʲô磬㿴ոЩһʵСֵ֮ܶɱ
졭
Сֵܣ˵Բԣ
졭Σħͬ˵ħһȭߡ
ߺͷߣ˵ǱԴԽԽɵˣȥħҲ̫ݶˣֵ߰ܶӾﰡԶԣβ
ȰܰԽȰħʹԽݣħһǺĲҽߺ˵ȵϡ
Ȼˣ綼ôĹϣǷɢ΢Ĺâߺ˻ܹ塣
΢ĹâߺԶٵķжȥеĿľҵǴ˵еı֮ء
ΪʲôǴ˵أΪνĶˣνģÿһֽĶˡ
ϾǼ궼ûдӶͻƵģǻʲôнҵ취ԼʵѲɵ
Щڸߺ˵ĲˣѾͻˣڶǸ׶εżɣ
˳ŸߺָķһԽԽԶֻһСƬк


528 ̷֮
ߺ˷˴Լʱˣȴһ֮ضûпҲǣ֮ôҵҲɥˡ
ˣϢһ°ɣʹУص磬ټʣҲƣ
ԸߺϢһڽѰұ֮ء
˵ȥڵϿʼϢħ֮ͬڴָ֮óһЩʳнʳ
ԭ棬ʹ߼ʮ겻ʳû̫Ĺϵǣ뵽ص֮УħȻ֣Լ׼
ߺְ߶оӹֱУҿʳĴأߺǱȽӵģԣҲóʳʳ
ߺ˳ԵĽζԱħҲǷ׷һڿˮ
ߺ֪һҲˣǲͨԪʲôάĻܣԣʳﻹҪġ
ħ֮ͬԼһЩʳָԼֵǣȻһʳϢ
˴ԼϢһʱ䣬׼·ʱһԶߺɱ
ţߺɻͣ˽ŲΪ֪Էʲôˣߡ
ħͬһˣ׷ͣסԼĽŲԴȥĿڸߺϣ飬øߺڵͷȽϺá
ǿߺ˫һУ
ħͬеĳԱҲ׷׵˵ͷڸߺĻԵķӡ
˵ʮֵʲôµĽɫء
ߺ嵭Ǳȥħͬнĸڸߺ֮ûκεɣڵǾǸߺĻ
ֻһӰٵԼ߷ŵɫߺɻĲ뵽Ѳɴˡ
˵ʵǺǿЩ˺ۣѪ͸
ô죬ǾȲȣħ֮ͬߺȥ
ߺ΢˼һ£´ˣϾڵص磬࣬͵Լ˵ʵǿһݡ
ңǶԷʵĻԼҲʱɱ
뵽ߺûзԸħ֮ͬеκһˣԼзȥ
ֵܣʲô飬ǲʲôˣߺǸˣʵ
˾ȻһŮˣĵҲ㣬ֻոҵͷסԼףԸߺûп塣
ߺŮķ·𿴵˾ǣλȾңЩҪɱҰ
ŮӵĻߺһ㶣ʲô˵Щˣˣ
Ůӵ˵ͷЩˣֻ˱֮أͷˣȻǲˣӲģǧӶݳǱ׷ˣ
ߺһĲ죬û뵽֮ؾȻͷ죬ңǿ˴ŮòԲŻġ
ߺ˵ҾԣҪӦһ飡
Ů仰Ȼɫ԰ףѲɣҲҪҵӣǶһ֮ѣҾǵġ
ߺ֪ŮˣȻԼˣĺߣ㲻Ҫô࡭
ǣߺ漴㲻ټ˵ȥˣΪǸŮ﷢ء
Ȼһݱ΢ߣǣҲȻΪ棬Լŵϣҵϵõһô
ʵֻ롭
һζУǺںԼģҵĵһΣҪһųȥȻĻǵĶһᱻҷ
С㣬ǲġ
Ŀ֮еˣſȻǿ󣬵쵱Ӻֱ΢ˣıȫһ

ߺˣŮӣһߣңԼÿ˵һ룬ͱԷϣңԼ˵ĻԷȫûһ㡣
û뵽ҽ䵽أƬ׶֮أѵŮ˵˾𣿡
ߺѾ׵ˣŮ˲ŰȻʼ˵ɢġ
漸ӰٵԼߺ֪ԼȱˣЩ˴֮ԼһԴǵĿ֪ԼҪõϢ
գߺʫ˴󷢵ŮӣֱЩ˷ȥ
Ǽ˱߷ţϸߺǰУԣ˺ܿˡ
ˣǣǺð
ߣߺ˵ˣȻǺǿһҲǺȻﵽ˶ĵزһǳ
ӦǶ׸߼꣬Ըߺ˵Ͳʲô
ȻҲ̽˸ߺΪȴôУǿĸ֡
Էֻһĸ֣棬ʩչΪԣֻܹǿʤĸˡ
Сӣ˭ȻҲǵȥ·֪ǵĺΣһ˵ҲмĿ˸ߺһۡ
ߺɫ˲ŶһĲ֪ǵʲôĺң
ôĹ֪һ£ǵʲôĺϣ˵ǸҪ磬˵Ȳߺȥ
ߺոմ㶯֣һ亩ʹ˹ٺ٣˵˭أԭǾ֮߹
ţĸڹ˵˻䣬ǿ֮пʼɢ־Ĺâ
ߡ˵˵ˣ
ħͬеľħ΢΢𣺡ô㲻ʶٸһΰɣӾǡ
ħͬǼħͷ˰ûȾħ˵ͷٵɱȥһ߿ֲĴ󺰡
ħͬиǵĿֲӡٰ
ߺεĿһ۾ħ㡭еˣһȥ׷㽫Сס
˵ţߺ֮˲һԱߺٶ˲ӿ죬׷ȥ
Ӿ׷ˣǰɣףɹˡ
ߺͷð亹ԼҲ̫ˣΪÿ˶ͬħͬеĳԱһǿأԾȻʩչȫС
ڵص磬ߺٶȱͲϱʹԪٶȻѾ쵽һ¡
Щ˿ֻŵ濴ţϵĳǰУߺһһɫľ޴ڰС
ԲɵĴС⻹ǸߺûȫͷųԭأҪ֪˲ʵôܾأ
ߺһӣĺ˲佫˰Χˣߺпʼѩ֮
Щ˵ʵ˵ЩѾˡ
ǵʵҲ֮޼û뵽ߺȻҲʵȻһӱסˡ
ߺһֹˣ˲֮С
û뵽˲̷֮㣬ȻǿֹסˣͿԽյУֹסĻǰ˲Ҳûа취֮뵽аɣ


529 أ
˲̷֮Ȼǿ󣬵ǱҪֹסˣõ˲ܶȻܽ뵽С
ߺһԼҲ̷֮Ƭռ֮У澪ֵĿܵˣϵľ֮ʧˣǣȴȻԼ˵һƬδ֪ĵط
㵽˭ߺ˾ֵ˵
ߺ¶һ˿аЦ˵˵ɣǱ֮صʲôطȻĻϾͻڲ˵ģ
Сӣ֪˭𣿾֪𣿡еһˣɫĶŸߺ
ߺȻĵ˵ͷţѲǾǾ֮һҿɣ
ߣôܸȣǾеֵܣô֪˰ɣϿŵǣ
ߺεԼ°֪ͣߺƢԵˣһ֪ǸߺǾʹֵĺڰˡ
ĲǺʵţǵϿԿһ˿ߣ˵ţߺ°ͣ߹Ц
㡭Ҫôһﾪֵ˵
ϧǵʵУѲȥ棬Ҿ˵ţߺһһƬ𺣽˰Χסˡ
һ̵֮ζɣߺڰйЦ
˸оԼǺΪߣƾЩֲĻ棬ȼյԼϣǿҵʹУǻҪĻԹȥ
ǣܿϧǣǵ־ԽԽѣȫĸдҲļٵ

ʹ˻𣬲ҽţǣƫƫ޲ߺɫȻ˿ĸ顣
˵Ǹûشҵ˰ɣźЩ̷Ƕܲȥأߺ°ͣȴ롣
̷֮Ȼ棬һͿԼӳԼĹԼǿ󲻶ٵĵˣ֮УҲ
Щ̷ǰʹߵģԣӳޣǱȸߺǿϺܶĴڣ˵ߺҲ֡
һû˼ӳɹĹЧ˵˲пܱȡء
˵˵һļ尾֮£˲ûмֶ೤ʱ䣬ǣȿֺĽ֮صڸ˸ߺ
ߺУһЦҪ˵أҲǰȻĻǾͶȫɣ
˵꣬ߺһЩһʧӰ٣̱ڵϣһ˿ңʹڵϴϢ
ߺԼһ̷֮ոճ㿴Ǳߵľȫ²Ŀŷߺ˲
Ȼ֪ǣȴ֪ԲʲôƷ
СֵܣǲǶ춼֮ħ֮ͬյߺǰһĽĿ㱦һʸߺ
ߺȻشˣֻǵһЦ֪˱֮صڣǸɣ
Ǹħߺⷬ˲ŭͽȻôͱǣ
ߺ˲˴˵ǰ΢΢𣺡ȻôĹôҾ͸һαĵĻᣬȥɣ
˵ţߺư˶Է֮ϣڶԷֵ֮У屻ˣһĻꡣ
󣬸ߺһı˲ķѣͬ˵꣬ȫɢˡ
ҲûлΪߺˣոֻҪ̧ԼݣȻøߺԼйŹԼ
ǣû뵽ߺȻһףĽԼ˺ܶݣĳȫνĹ
ڸߺħͬвûʲô˵˾ռߣԣȻҲʲôӦ
ǸŮ˵Ǵû뵽飬û뵽˸ոߺͳȫ˴ˣ治֪˵ߺĳãĳݶ
ǣһǿȷģԼڸߺǰߺ˵Ļȫ
ԣŮڸߺǰҲֻˣֻǿ־ĿŸߺˣһӦ˰
ô죿һħŸߺʵ
ߺԼ˫ۣ֮еֻһˣԼͷ죬ռһ֮أݵأԸġ
˵ߺ˲ͣסԼĻ
˿ǸŮӣŮΪߺҪԸԼأˣɫɷ׵ĿŸߺ¸ߺᶯ֣ԼҲɼ롣
ߺ΢΢һЦŮ˵ĲĻ磬ǾƬ׶֮ˣ
ڸߺĻħͬз׷˼һúȷ
ھֻ֮ھţʵˣռһ֮ء
Ǿ׷жϵռݱ֮أôߺ˿˵Σˡ
û֮ʯþôʱԼ˾׸ĸˡ
֪ʲôط𣿡һħߺߺ˵ͷ飬һãȫгˣڵζ˵һ
ߺָָһ̲⣬˵ħ׷¶һ˿̵Ц⡣
ܾûˣ֪ǵʵ׳ɳʲôزˣһħ̵Ц֮Դɱ⣬ݺݵ˵
ߺҲ¶һ˿΢Ц룬벻Լĸݵػôݰɣ֪ǵлθأ
ǾҪԼȥһˣ˵꣬˸˷׷һȥ
ǸŮ룬εĸȥȻոոߺ죬ǣطû˵İ˵䵽Щ˵С
һ䱻Щۣ类ߺء
٣ߺʵǿ˧Ҫǣ˵
̲֪ߺ˾Բġ
ߺ˵нٶȺܿ죬ǰ죬͵Ǹ֮صڡ
֮УǱ֮رܶ˰Χţǣʵǿĺ٣оһ氲Ӫկġ
ƬϵһĨɫǵġ
Ҳ̫е˼ˣȻôߵĵطԼ򲼹ȥƤ񰡣ߺ¶һ˿аЦ˵
ٿмΧģǱ֮ˡ
ɢŵİ׹⣬һľ޴
ܶصĴҲкܶУ˵µĹء
˵Ϊ˱ǣǿҪʵֻܸõıҡ
˵ô˵ǣǽеģš
涨ֻΪ˽Լ󻯣ĲƽϧûһĶֻ֣εķӡ
ǹûأ֪α߱˺֮ʣĻʲôأߺǵ
ҪƤ˵ոͲӦðСɱˣƤߺĻȻڵ


530 
˵ۣͲɳӭһ𣿡ߺһȺɱһħһ߹Ц˵
е߶ĵطվߺħͬеʱǷ׷ױ˾֮
ħͬаĺǿЩ˺񶼲أ
ǿǸŮӲǸ壬ǸŮʲôʱ򹴴һˣ
ŮҲ޳ܣȻҵϷҿǷǣƶ֪ף߳ܡ
ҲһЩǿߣǵĿ״û˵Ȼǿ󣬵ǲûǿ󵽿Իĵز

ߺΰĺܻ㣬Щ˿ʱ򣬾Ȼ֮ʥһˡ
ʥʥˣȴʥʣˡ
ǶҹȻĻҲˣߺ˵ţһƽǰڶ˶ᣬֱ򱣻֮ȥ
ʱڶ֮ȴкܶ
ˣЩ֮ˣǣЩħ˾ͲٲˣЩ˳֣ϲ⣬׷ױ档
ҵ˭أԭħͬУǻĲ˼ȻǸͽһҲԣ˭ħˣأħһ
һӵЦܵ˶Ц
ЩСඣҪɱǣħ˳ȻǴŭֻ˫˲䱬졣
ܿʼźɫЩڼµ۶ɵġ
ʲôߺԴӿħͬеľħ֮󣬻û˵ģøߺЩ̫ˡ
治ԷΪʲô⸱ģˡ
Ǳŭ״ֵ̬ܼ֮УֻС״̬뵽ŭ״̬֮ǿȻ˲౶Ǵû˵ˣ
һħߺ͵ͣߺޱˣֱһ״̬޵еı仯
ŸߺľȣħҲڽĸıţͷó죬ļⶼɢźâ
ǺɫĹΣ
ħһЦѩ׵¶˳һȭǰһȦȦεĲȭͷϱȥ
䡭
ȦȦβˣ׷׻Ѫڿбը
Ƿֵʱ򣬺ȻʧӰ٣ɢһɶ
ȻħЩֶܾǵɹЦ
ߺЩ˵ȴ˿־Ŀ⡣
ȻǵĻ̫;֪Щ֮һ˺ˡ
вɡڽħ֮ͬеľħļŭˣŭ֮еħֱһɱ񰡣
ǣǧҪȻĻټϼҲ˸ѣ

⣬ߺȫˣⱣ֮زǷԼ˽ȥǣһǿ
ֵǿءӦòֹɣߺĴӾħ屳˹ȥ
ħȻǽ˱ŭ״̬ǻһ˿˿ǵĴڣߺĻֻ΢һ˼ˡ
ߺΣħ뵽ŭ״ֻ̬֪֮ɱ¾أ̶˺ܶ࣬Լôֱ׵ĻȻҪ˼
ڸߺĻħҲǳͬ뵽ŭ״̬ľħЩ־壬ټϱǻ۾ͲߣԼҪ˼һˡ
ħԼԽԽЩҲǳΣϵĺˣȴ֣ԼѾ޿ˡ

ħħͬегԱʲôʱģҲͨһأҲ¾һЩħͷ
һݵӰ֮зԾֱӵ˷ֵǰǲûг
˳õüĿ㣬һӵĴ磬кŽʣһϬı
ħܾ֮ͬˣξ㳢ǱĽ뵽ŭ״̬ľħ˵
˵Ļħû˵Ӧһŭ
漴ɫͿʼٵۣһȭִȥ
䡭ûһ˿ǣħȴǱɷ֮òˡ
˫һ֪ˣħͷɣҾԵ֮£ԵĹƽ
˵ţеıһħȥһеıϱһ⣬߰ɣħݺݵȥ
ǣСܣСİԷʩչ桤ˣһħĵѵ
ڱ֮УԷʹԼȫ˵һһ㡣
ʹԼ֮ӿʹԪս
Ǹֻ֣ǸֿȥҪһ
Ҳȷǹ޳ܵģȻڲ֮صĵط˵ʲôƽԣǾԵ
䡭
ħϵ˵ӰԷһУ֮ϻһƬѪɢڵϡ
ħ׵Ͻ뱩ŭ״̬֮µļӳɣȻǱԷһˣԷһмֱ̫ǿˡ
ߺʩչԼֹˮûа˵ľħ
СܣǸߺһοħžħȫķȥס˾ħ
ߺҲæǰȥ鿴ǣħȻǿ֮Ȼɲһˣȴ˫Ŀǰ
ңߺȻһȽ֣Ǿħ֮ϵĽ˾Ȼڻߡ
ȻٶȷǳĻǣȴߺˡ
Ѳɣ׵ʲôôߺ˳˼벻ףΪʲô
⵽Ҫ鹦ǹ鹦ڱŭ״̬
뵽ߺ̲סû̽壬ȴϲķ֣ԭħʡ
֪λֵ֪֪ħΪصһʣǾǴ塣
ʣߺֻӵ֮ƬϢᵽ
壬һֱȽǿˣҪǽ֮󣬻ĵطȡȻ޲˺ۡ
ȻȫķĽͣǣҪǲһĻԷˡ
ǣʷǳԲΪֻ˵ʱʲſʾԼĹЧ
˵һʮˣȻ֣յķƿջ֮壬ȴȱʣǺϺܶ౶
ɫû뵽Լһ֮£ûгɹɱԷһħ˵ֱǳ裡
Ҫ֪ǿһˣȻҲǶ۷壬û
ħͬвˣħɻеǰ֪ħͬмħƢмĳԼ
ħʶľҪվǸַȥ
Ҳûżڵȴһ


531 ռ
ħ߸ߵľԼȭͷݺݵǸٴεĻȥεϴͬǱɳȥ
ô˻ᣬٴεʩչ桤죡
һɽĽϱĽħȥ˸ң򣬾ȻǾħ˿ڴ
һȻ׼˾ħ˿ڵλãһϼˣħ׵ȥ
һ£ǾβǾħԼֻоħԼĻ˵пɱħ
ǣοиߺǰߺĵһħĶ˵һ仰ȻӰȥ
ߺĻһħħйȻһ˵˵˵ͷһ⡣
Ȼ˿ʼ˵۾Ȼͬʱ죬ȥ
һַϲѲɣħͬе˶Խħһ״̬ôһٺòˣڿԽ߸ħͷȫɱˡֻҪǾ֮Уͷ
뵽ĵĿԣͿƲסԼˣһĽеı֮бȥ
ħͬеÿԱȥħͬˣʼԼǵֵ
һʱ䣬ռ䶼ǿսɫʣǿ񱩵ռ䡣
ԽԽеĽٶҲԽԽ죺ľ˵ħͬǿħͷƫƫţһһȺʲôһأ
ԽԽҲĵһ飬ǾǸߺĴڡ
ߺĵ򱣻֮ȥ͵͵ǱС
˵Ŀⶼħͬеսϣ˭пȥߺ۵Ĵأ
ԣߺĽ뵽УĵЩ˵󣬽
ЩȻվǵǰ棬ԲվλÿǰܿģΪʹں˶Կ塣
˵ҳϣǺܱɣȴǱɵʮֵıߺı󣬵˵
ʲô˭էԣһ飬ǰսַ˱仯ħͬвڷĹˣǵĳЦԼ
еķ֮ɫҲȥˣһ󣺡ãмˡ
ͷոմ;βһʹԼȥ
׵·ϣһԵĺڽӡӡ棬ߺջԼĽš
е˶һû뵽ռݾȻֱ仯һ̻ھ޴ϲ֮Уһ̣һŸ˳ȥҲ̫ϲЧ˰ɡ
ĸСͷŭ𣬵ǣû˵꣬Ȼһ˿ԾΪǰһɫϢԼ
ֵĻعͷȥħ˫ɫɱ¾Լ
ǽսΣ֪Լʵ;ħ࣬ոЩ֮ԣֻΪ˼ŭǣӷԼԼлɳˡ
ڣȫͬˣʱͬգԷ棬Լ棬ʵ
ٺٺ١ħٺٵЦĻᣬһȭͷϺȥ
ϺὣֿǣôֿܵĹԷأԱһȭɣ򱣻֮طȥ
ߺ뱣֮أòһŽ֮߳ȥ
ԣߺعͷһ˲ͱסЩҪǰߣȻתͷЦЦ
㡭ҪʲôСŶһɱһĺ쳹Ƭռ䡣
ɲһڵĽӡԵ״е˶ԾľԼһʹȻϽסĿ
СӣۼǲŹģϸŸߺݶ˵
ߺɼ򣬶˹ָͷûзӦ;ǰһڿٵĽӽ
žǰһڣٴεķߺķ˹
һ򲻴ǽҵİɣתģ˵ţߺһתһɨȣɨ˶Է֮ϡ
ټϸߺǼתٶȣ˶תħȥڵоֱת
ħҲ׷״˸ˣ
仰Ƕħ˵ģ˷ܵĿħԼԽԽϵĴ֡
ҵģ򣡡˵ţ߸ԾһȾȻΪޣٴγֵʱٵߺ
ѣǾȻ۸ңߴһ˵ţ˫֮УâǾͲҪˣ򡭡
ϵĴӸߺֻٵƶ˻ĺǿȻһ԰ˣ·硣
£ħҲ˹ôȻϲʤˡ
ðˣˣ˵ţڿ΢ףȻ߸ߵԾϵ¶һţβ
ԴӱŰβܵչˣΣħһŸǿѾ׵β
໡һĽӰȻʼԶĵطȥ
ߺţε˵˵ǲߵ÷򰡣
ԵأԼһԶɵʱֱֳ䣬
ǣߺѣȻӦ
ҿǣأСһˣħ
ߺͷߣӣŹء
ĳߺȷʵǱ׵ˣ˱˻ɫ
ֻ䵽ȺУûбǴҡڵߵ˾ߺ˺ܽĵط
Ǹҵţһģҡڵﳤȥ
ҲûҡڣβԭȴҡڲŹء
ߺҲ֪ΪʲôԷᱻˣΪһӣͷˣЩ˻ΪͬأȻڹˡ
е˶׵ˣΨһûУǾǾħ
пճ氡ʱһֵˣħңңĺ
øߺεǣԶߵġͷȻ˻֡
ߺͷ亹ǻ᲻ֵأôôо̶һ
ߺʼͷˣһӣЩϵĺ˫ĿǰЩոմ֮гЩˡ
ôҪȥҪ㱻ɱأߺ¶һ˿аЦȴɱ⡣
Ǳ뷴ԸߺǣӸߺʩչǺ֮Ǿǵѡ˷ʲôЦȥսɱǾոˣ
˽Ϊǵѡ񣬾߳ħͬǷеߺߡ
еǵǰ䣬ո⼸˵ĶУǶа˵ߣôľС


532 ռ
ûȤǵߣԸ⣬ʹ⣬ԸȥľͳȥֻоŸˣľŸǵˣʣµ
˵꣬ߺͷҲصȥһоŸ䣬ħͬмϸߺð˸ˡ
أǸߺһŮųų˵
ߺȻͷ˵ǾŸˣѵҵ˼𣿡˵ţҲȥŮˡ
ȻŮЩɵÿɰǣߺѾĸˣһĴŹء
ңԼҲѾжӵˣҪĿľǽԼʵָ۷塣
ңʵڵڶˣǸŮӾȻˣĻߺûʲôĻܣָڽһӡ
ôȥɣǵڶóһ˵ħȥˡ
ΪʲôߺѡǸأΪһʵΪǿˣңոսʱ˭æҲûа
ߺĻһ˿Ĺâ˵Ǻ£ҲûоܾҲûзԣ;ֱĸڸߺĺ档
ֻһνħͷǣҲûʲôðǲͬһ㣬ռ
ǰǽǣǸô죿
ɣѡʵȽǿĽȥȻ£ٻһΣ
˲ûһ˽׷ͬˡ
οǿжǿҪǸߺܵЩ֮˵ȫնأ
Ȼߺ˿֮ˣѾǿˣԻСΪ
ȻҲͬˣңڵʱöˣҲȥˡ
ߺոս뵽УͷʮֵŨȻĻҪŨ
ֲռŵ㲻ˣԭôĺô
ֻǽһûн뵽֮Уߺ͸оЩԴԴϵĽ뵽Լ֮УոպķѵһԪһͱˡ
ңЩҲڽߺĻ꺣֮гȥ޸߸ߺİˡ
ߺһţ˽ȥǣոսȥߺסˣԭ֮ήҵϢ
һʯ֮ϣһòŮɴαţϳģһ˿ҡһħ޵ĽѲ
ߺ֮һ˿ɫ
ѵǸ޳ܵ˽øúŮһƬѪߺ֪ΪʲôطΪˡ
ķҲһȻߺϲŮɫǣԲʲôԣûʲô
һӣͽŮ֫ϵħ޽ˣһħ޽˺üݡ
ߺһһ·УǸŮ˹ȥϣȻȥ
˵꣬ߺת䷿䣬ΪҪķ䡣
Ȼߺϣÿ䷿֮УһŮӣңÿһŮӱŵƾȻһ
òȻ󣬶޳ܵж
ڻᱻ֣Ͳ⣬ǸŮӣԸӦȻ˵ǹ˵ˡ
ңôţ˼ôأǵĺΪĻΪڵЩνء
ԸħǸӣǷųȥҸ·ͻصԼķ䡣
ħ֮ͬеȻħˣǣӸߺĻ׷ˣǸӸһԲİոߺ˵
ϾûиߺһĻᶼûУ˵ˡ
ȻǿǣȴǿһֱѹƣлָˣȻָлߺ
ֻ˺жɵģʲô
ˣߺǱȽϵͣΪǲ˵ʲôûʵĻǣΣգһᾡԼĿ԰
Բ侮ʯҧһڡ
ߺԼʱǸŮѾˣ˫ĿŸߺֻǵ˵һлл
ߺֹһ̾Ϣ
ĪôıĥĶԴţŮѾûʲôĴ˰ɡ
ˣ˵˵οĻҲ޲ˡ
ȻοûˣߺͲЩõ飬˵ȥɣûҵǲԳȥ
˵꣬ȥվĴǰ˵
𣬱⴦֮صĴͷ죬˵Ļȥ⼸λŮӣǲΪѣҲԲǳȥȻȫˣ
˵꣬ߺʲôҲᣬôص˷䡣
ߺԼʲô֮ǣ֪һʧȥԼҪıˡ
ǱȽͬ⼸ŮӵģԱ´
ڸߺЩǸмʮֵĿ־壬һ֮£㽫еǿ߶ĳԶӡǵС
ǣ֮
ڸߺĺ棬е˶ͬ˵ЩŮӺûʲôκεĲǵУ͵Լż˰ɡ
ߺɫ뵽ֶԣ˵αˣ˶䵱ԼûĸǸǧУϧ

ңԲɵĴСǺܴ󣬵Ƕڸߺ˵ȴҲ㹻ˡ
һӣʯϣȻһʯ˺üݣߺԶԶĶ˷֮⡣
߱£ŪЩʯ֣ܵĲԩߺ˵˵֮󣬱ԭأ֮е
֮ⷿеȻ֮ͨеҪŨʮߺ֪֮ʲôĴڣǣоҲ˰ɡ
ĸоԼ֮е˺Ļָߺֵļֱָ̫ˡ
ʮĹ򣬸ߺ֮ȫĻָ۷ˣͲ˺ˡ
İ˵ǿɵģǴûгֹľ٣ʺ٣ߺյ˷ǳĴˡ
ڻָĴ˵ȻҲռҪһ֣ǣʱҲǷǳҪģҪͿʱĻָ˺
ԣߺ굹Ҳһʱ̵Ļָˡ
۾֮һܵһ浭Ĵܵķ䣬Ҫ̽ʲô
ǣߺʧˣʲôûֻ̽Ǳʯڡ
ߺЩʧмΪģݺݵĴһǸʯڣȻʯϱһЩҵĻҳġ
ڻҳ֮һЩ·ߺ֮£ʯϵЩණȫøɾˣһЩľͳڸߺǰ
ߺϸĶһ֣дԼ֪Ϣ
ʲôı壬Щ˵ʲôԣ涼ڵġ


533 
ߺǸʯϿģеݸߺоޱȣĶߺȻĶ
ֲЩᱣסܣҾôط֮ͣԭطоܣߺ֮ɵԭأֱ
˵طһر˵粻֪ĵطǰĶ
ЩǱҪһ׵ĴڣǱ֮ˣ׵˺أá
˵Ǵߡģǽ֮ΪɣһѼ档
ɵʱ͵ʣòɼֱﲻ͵ڵʱʵΪǿع͵ȡ
ڵʱعȴҲʲôҲû̫⡣
ΪǿˣȱҪһ׵Ĵڣֱǲ뾵Ͱ
ңطʹߣҲҪΪ涼ط˼ΪǿĽƣҽӡڲͬĵطˡ
ԣҪõʮѵģƬ֮УԭҲˡ
ҴĻԣǵҲЩ˵ɶʦˡ
޻֮֮ûüԼһЩջأ㱻ȥ˳硣
ʱǲõĽֻ˵ֵЩǿߣԲûзǺӾߣھȻ߷ܹ롣
ЩҲдЩֵˣǱ뵽˵֮зĵ֪ġ
λѾʧˣԣǱ㽫еԭί۸ˣͳΪ˹ԼĵλԼǿˣ˵˳ˡ
ˣҲ֮ͳ߸񻰻ˡ
Уһλͳߵĵܵܣ֮Уίˣ
дԵ˵ûд˵ҵ
ΪȫˣûдҵЩ
ڵ꣬ʵû½С
ΪʱǶ꣬ҵ֮Ժ󣬷޷ɵķ֣Գȥˡ
գûͻƣУ֮ǰԼʣССķ
ЩиЩ֮ã޴־Խеĸֽ߽־ٴαͷųȥ
һͿԽΪӵǿˣԭǴɢȥġ
˵֣ǽ츣ʱѾ߼ˡ

֮⣬֮УһЩĶǱȶĴڣо˵ıǴ˵һа
˵ǿԺĴڣ죬˵Ϊµ̫ˣԣŻὥ졣

Щ֮󣬸ߺʮֵļֲЩȨˣԴԴϵǲߵء
˵ǵõǵõЩĶǿʵġ
ߺЩľģǵʱعʵǵǿʲôزȫʧˣȻûȥѰҡ
ֻɣһʵȨ߸ûѰ
ҲǲܵģûĻô͵أ
ôʣµڶˣڵʱع˵ͲǷУп޵Ĵڡ
뵽⣬ߺһ飬˼Ҹежôǿ
еߺˣǸߺĴڣһߣ֮УѰҵûѰҵôԼ
˵ˣǸߺǸߺҲûʵȻػ߶ˡ
滹дȻеػߣǣȴЩɵǿĴڡ
Ҳľͳߣա
ڴڵʱ̫ˣԴڰĵزػҲǣڰĵزϡ
ʲôشıʣʹЩȫˣǶġ
츣ǿػ߷׷׳ԼսģصĵطҲǰչعĵطʴɽ
ﱻǳʥأҲǿν硣
дţֻĸ˹ѣ˵ԣǳʥ
ȻĻôܿĶأ

֮󣬸ߺǾþòƽⶼʲôĴڰϢֱ̫ˣһʱߺԼˣֻ˼
бҪӵһأңʦ˵ĵȷû磬ԭʢأ
ߺڻ׵λʦֶԼ˵Ļ˫ħҪطһ㣬Ϊ˱
ڿ˱ңǿǲء
ҪһˣҪҵ꾡ĻָĵȽףڿ֮磡ߺ뵽
Ҫ֪ߺͻ꣬˾٣ңڸߺ꣬Ȼսռơ
ȶ׵꣬ߺʵǿһô򵥣߻ߺʵҲǴӡ
ңߺ˿˿ѶȣΪȻӳ֮£ԻǱϾ̫ˡ
ʵȴҲҪĶ޸ƣҪҪʱ䡣
ǲظôߺʵԶ޷ﵽ۷塣
ϾȻǿ󣬵ǣߵԳģ棬бϵĻߵꡣ
Ϊ֮£ǱȽϲҪˡ
Ƕ۷һűߺ˳ȥȻͷ
ߵʱ򣬿Ҳɵ˰ɣߺԵ뵽ΪǼһԵòǺܻˡ
֮ǰĻкܴĸĹ۰
ħ٩Ȼˣߺһ£Ϸ̫Σˡ
ƣʱߺ˶ˣʱָǣÿָͷ˲١
ȻǺ򳤵ģԣһ㣬Ǹָڱ͵ϵҲԲˡ
ߺ飬бףµڱһ˶˰ɡ
ߺҲףҪָٸɵ˺Ҫһεľ롣
ɣߺε뵽
ʱ䲢ûиߺᣬҲûھߺΪ洫˵
ħ֮ͬ洫Сֵܣ㽫Լʵûа
ߺ˵ûУ֪ħʲôҪ棿
ħ֮ͬٺɵЦһϴ˵Ҳ£Ϊ̽ıġ


534 춯
ߺĳȥ߸һﻹбҪȻҲôڳˣңߺţǽûбʲôͼ
˵ô֪ıҲ˵õģֻԼѡ
鱨˵ǵڶû˸ϵһҪ˵֪ôЩϢߺһ㶼Ծġ
Ͼ飬ϢΪҪߺҪ֪Ҳܼ򵥣Ҳܿѣ򵥵ֻҪħ֮ͬеһǣסȻ̷֮һоͶˡ
ѵǣħ֮ͬУûһߣħ֮ͬߺֻдߣûн֮ܵ͡
ܶУ̸סˣԣѵһ㡣
ʹߺͣҲôϾѪ㹻мˡ
һ˵ȻΣգǶԸߺȫǺô˫õġ
⼸˸ԼԼҲ⼸ҵ֪ڣϢٺòˣߺһĨۺڵ˵ˡ
û֯Լ֪طڣҲܽҪ֪Ա߿Ŷٸڿأ
򵥵ħͬ˵ɣκһ˶ԼǿǿħͬеȻ٣ǣҲ˵ȫûС
˵ǸƳһĴڣΪʵߺȫ͸ģôӲֻʹװ
ߺħ֮ͬĶ֣ǻԼ껹ûлָԭǻָˣôһͬ
ߺûгȥֻǵ˵ԪûлָȵһָˣȻͻȥˡ
˵꣬ߺ㲻˵ֻǾյĿ֮еԻָԼ˺
㣬Լȥ֮ǰһҪԼ޸٣ܹʩչһ桤ء
һеڸߺȻȡԼȫ֮ǣ֮Ҳû˵
ߺţԼܹʩչصĻߺһԴħ֮ͬ
ߺԼģ֮סҲʲô⣬Ǹߺĵˡ
ңܱܣǴζԿ٣ߺûʩչء
֮ͬСɣߺһоȻ˾ٴ󲿷ֵϧһ֮
ʹħ֮ͬеκһˣԾ٣Ҳô׵ĹȥʹڣһҲʲôϡŹֵ顣
٣Ѿ˼亱ˣ˵ھ֮ϵľ١
ǸͲ˼ߺҲˣΪʲôܹ֮Щˣ֮֮ǾۼĻ൱ʲô
ߺǣԿ϶ǣһǿ
ǿߣ۶ǿֻҪͻƣûлĸǣƬ֮УҪͻߣǻǲܵġ
ǣͻƳ죬ҪǿʵȻǿ޶в˵Σˡ
ߺͨλʦ֪ģǿƣȱȽǣǿ߳ȥҲһĴڰ

ʱƣߺѾˣڼ䣬ħ֮ͬеÿԱҪߺһȥ
ǣߺǳٳٲϳȥգڽָˣǰ˲ٴڡ
ˣͷϵ̨ɵͷҲһ˿仯ԭήңѾЩıˣҲӴ¡
֮ȵ꺣֮Уɢǿ󲨶ߺоԼɣڿһչԼı
ȫָˣǲļµӸߺɢǿĳУӸߺɢ
ЩϢ䶼ˣոʯڣ̻ɺǲʯ֮ϡ
ģݶʼΧţ˺ˡ
棬ѩߺеıĳ֣ߺȻɢİ׹⣬ȴҫۣͬǹһ㵭Ȼ
ߺǱϴȥȴĽ뵽Уߺõһ㡣
ѩ⻪ܹϰԼ
ߺ·ǽҪѩâκζ޷ֹ壬֮
˵ߺֵĺˣڸߺǰûκʱ
ҲǣߺУʹԸģԼĺ󲻹ȥǺγ˵֮гأ

Լ˻ָ󣬸ߺʵҲǴߣѾǿһֵزˣǰߺʩչУ棬ѩЩƣġ
ǣȴȻԵȣ꺣֮еЩȻֻһ֮ࡣ
ˣߺҲʩչĸˣȻܹʵ嶼ܴȥ֪ܴܲأ
ߺûԹΪûлԣǿܵĻߺҪԴĽ硣
Լܹʱʱ߳ȥˡ
ǸߺҪģܹĻô͸ߺ˽ˣһűıأ԰һ㡣
ǣҪ԰֮еЩȥ
⼸һܾûˣ׷ʲôˣ˵ʮһΣø˰
ߺЩף沢û˵ĶߺĴʯ֮дŵǹ⡣
ܶɢŹΣˡ
Ӧһ£ߺȻ֣ħͬȫĳԱϢȫ⣬Աߡ
ߺ뵽ѲɣħͬѾ㲻ҳȥˣ
漴뷨ԼԺǲܵģ֪ԼûĻȫǲܵġ

ߺ˼ţȻǱɢǿϢһɢϢĽߺһ£һʧڿ֮УЩ˵Ա߷ȥ
ΪһʲôˣȻĻ˵ƶɢ
ħͬбе߹һ㣬ߺǺܵģʹħͬе棬ҲȫȻħͬ˵Ķ֡
߸һĿǰ˵ĸģƾĸеһˣȫĽЩȫ
ңߺҲЩ˻˼Լô췴ġ
ѲɣˣǸߺΨһµĿԡ
ǾĻЩ˵İ֮£˵ܸħͬش
ϾһﱾʵĴڣǿһЩϾռϵơ
ȥԺŷ֣Ͳô飬Щһ¶⡣
Щ˱ӪģǲôֻǶЩˣֻҪгģͻᱻΧ
ǣȥҲల£û뵽ǺȻٽ
е˶ƯڰУͬӬһⱣ֮ΧƵܲ͸磬ձڿп
Щˣйصģĳһеģûһ˸оվǰ棬·ڵʲôĵ


535 ֯ų
⵽ôһ£ߺ⣬յħͬеԱߣеһħ棬Ҳֻһħ֪Ķˡ
һħûߺֻżĿǰһˣǶԷдһҪˣҿӣλԵĲǺܵͰ
˵ţЩ˵ĺȻóһ·һֱ쵽棬Ӱӿٵߺǰķַ
ӣٶȷǳĿ죬Щ־Ŀ⣬ӦһȽ׺ݵļһ
Ӱߺǰʱ򣬸ߺסˣΪͷǸһﲢͷǳһͷ
Ȼǳĳªǣĵȷȷһ˵ͷ­
ԱߣǸͷļһǸ˵档
ǣЩࣿʱǸεͷ­ȻڽˣңǸߺ֪Ĺ
ߺЩ֮УԸߺͷ죬ħͬвԼͬĿߺ
ߺΰʲô°ÿε鶼ҪԼҲûа취顣
ȻҲѧûиߺ˵ôΪߺ÷Խ̹ڷǸ֮УǴع֮ڡ
ЩʱعΨһǿ۹Ҳ
ûǾߣ֪ˣʲôҪ˵أҪû˵ģ͸Ͽսɣߺ¶һ˿аЦ
ȴͣǸ˵ĺ˵ʲôߺߴﹾǾġ
˹һЦף壬޷Ȼܹǽԣ˵ʥֺηˣڿʼ˵ʥΥߣΣ
ߺͷð亹һ￴һӰ
Σǵ죡ǸָŸߺ䲻ôһ䡣
ߺ˵ǣֻӵ˵Ȩû£ûµĻǸϽɣ
˸£˴ŭȻԾıԼԣ漴뵽ʲô¶һ˿ª΢Ц
ɣɱ˵ţĵ˳ǰһӣЩ˷ӵֹ
ߺ˫һУĲЩˣǸе
һĵ⻪ԽâɫҫĹâߺҲûı
ǹͷ˵ıǣǼֱ֮
£֮£ǱһֵһµȨûС
ħ֮ͬе˻࿴˿бϲĿ⣺СֵܣǴ˴ǰΪıȡý
ʲôȻôķô죿ߺЩף˶Ǹһ
ǣ˲û˵ֻǵĿһ۸ߺ
Ӯңұ֣˵ţڿйЦǣеȴǱģԵƤЦⲻЦ
ߺû˵˿ĬĬĶħͬе˵ͷߺϣңҲϲЩеӣȫࡣ
ǣϰɣħͬл࿴һۣȻ׷׳Ǹһȥǣûзɵǰͱ˵ֵǰ
%&Щ˲ϵ˵ʲôǣǸԣħͬиǸ˺Ȼ˵ˡ
裬裬һǣ˵ˣҪʥǶԻӦúܴһö
ǰˣ֮󣬷׷׿ڽ˵ǹǣ״ˣǡ֯Ĵ󽫣ûʸǵĸ׶ս
˽еĵָߺ֯ųָ̣
Уŷǿҵɱ⣬սһߺȥ
ߺ˫һУô˵ĻұԸңڱ֮У
˵ţߺ֯ųٵķȥ֯ųеĵ߸ߵľȻݺݵ¡
ƾնһǿҵĵݺݵߺȥٶȼ죬ңŴ۵â˺ǿҵӾС
ɫĵ⣬ܹһж룬ߺĻɲǹ⻪˫ɲǹ⻪
˵ţξʹӸߺųȥɫĵâٵķȥǣɫĵâ֮£ߺĺԵС
ɣ㹥һǲеģҵһ㶼ֿ֯ųЦ
Ȼߺɲǹ⻪ǵ޴ɫâ֮£˲߽ˡ
ǣߺ˿û٣˫һ֣˫֣
ߺſССıֳڸߺϣϵڿתߺһֳ̧ڿУȻٵı
תֳݣռ䶼ɼΪǿ硣
ⲢǸߺİ˻Ȫһ˿Լ֮
Լ֪֮֮֮߳ٱȥ
䡭
¡¡ĺɢӿٵѾǵ˳ɵĳȣǸâһ㶼С޴ĵزϡ
ն
ߺ֯ųͬʱâҵߺߺָӿе֣ٵԷȥϵı任Էûа취ܹԤֵʲô·ߡ
ڣҪཻ̱ľˣǣߺȻһֵ·߸ˡ
ӵâ˹ȥڵâɵ֮еʱڱ֮ϣȻΪǿҵĺâΧˡ
ȻֲϵİŻ෴ķתĺҲһâУַĺϵĥǵ⣬ǵâȻıС
ᣬôأ֯ųסˣҲסˡ
˶סˣûпһУһиߺֻƵѪ򣬶ңЩҲûжš
ʱߺûǺӾ磬˵ֲǺӾߵĻ⣬ɲ
ͣˣҲǵǲѣҲûʲôϵ
ǣ֪ǸϢǰ֪θ롣
֮УŸߺ֮ǰĥ꣬ڣҲĥȥ
ǰ֪ɳ˶ٱ
䡭
֯ųǵâ㣬ĥɾˣĿŸߺб޵ɱ⡣
Լ֯ųϺȻðǵصĴռ䡣
ǽӴˣ׷׵ıĸɿٵʧ
Ҳҿˣ֪ʲôʱѾ˵˰֮ˣſûн뵽С
ЩߺİΧסߺ֣ЩһСԼ֮к󣬾ҪԼľȡ
ǣߺԸ֮е֮ȫ棬Ҳȫȥ
֮鲼Լ壬ԼİΧ棬ܲ͸磬Щûпɳ֮


536 ս֯ų
˴Լһĳ̶ϣЩȻٴ֯ųķȥ뵽Լ塣
ڵ˶˺ܶ࣬ԭһߣѾһһˣ˲١
ԭ֯ųȻ׳ûְ֣ͣһˣѾһˡ
ߺȻһǰȻªԶԶûôİߺԺ󶼲ҪˣҪÿεĶˡ
վԺ϶ܰŵð֪Ϊء
ߺ֣ŻȪĺͲյģһ֯ųķȥٶȼ졣
ǧ̸裡
֯ųһӳһΪĵеĵͷųڰмٵı󣬾Ȼ˰ɵĳϡ
̬еĵһ޶ֻɫģڰɫĵâϣܶҪͷԻ
ɫĵâЩͷݺݵվһֱ֮ϣǣȴûз춯ص
ǳǧͷ­ݺݵ˺ҧű֣ǣֿǻȪĺ۳ɵģȪĺǿĹܣרŵѹƣұסꡣ
ЩӴֵͷ׷׵ıסˣЩͷֲ˻ǣû˿ĸĹۣȻǱס
ģâסˣһ֯ųҲʮֵĿֻţֵĿŸߺ֪ΪΣĵײһ˿
ǰһֱ̫ˣֵÿһУ񶼿סԼϷâ
ŸߺɢҲڱϡ͵վǸߺ̫ˡ
һߺǺӾ֮󣬾Ҳûһеʵԣֱ֮Ͽʼƣ飬ԭرŷȥ
ͬģǸɫĵâҲȫ顣
ħͬڶеߺˣâ䵽ǵϣ򣬲ȻǶûеֿĿԡ
ԼĵԼǧһУȻֻƵ˶Էһֱ֣֯ųŭˡ
˫Ŀ죬еĵͳһֱ֣ڱֿٵĽӽУԽԽˡ
԰ɱ֣֯ųûзâֱӽԼеĵЩ̸񵲶ȥ

һϵ𣬿תı֣֯ųϵĴˣǣ֯ųһδεĳ
ߺɫΪǱȻǷǳķͣǿסԼıϵֳݣǸطͳϸ΢Ѻۡ
Ȼûа취ǣߺԼܸоġ
ԲʲôͨĵȻĻԲĳ̶ȣߺбһ˿â˵
תͷħ֮ͬеһħ΢Цһ£˵ҿεˣȫԽˣǣܹӮ
ڸߺĻΪȻɣΪߺȻЦ˵ܹоǿЦ
֪Ǵеˣ˭ģǲǾһħȻɫƵԼĵܵܿȥ
ε񣬿˵ʮֻܵģй¶ȥʹԼ׵ܵܣҲˡġ
ûУϴҾû˵Ϊ˽СֵܵˣõһЩǿԼֳôһɣǽ滰˵ˡ
ߺ˵ͷԼĲȻûЩ˹ȻǱĿģ֮ѪıҲֻԱˣ
ʹô߹󣬾Ѫô˵һ֮ţʹóʮΣʲô¡
һܹһߵʵɡ
Ǿ飬֮⣬һ֪ص뾵񣡡
ߺ˵仰ʱһħ֪ԼԩԼĵܵˣ飬ȻҲϢǣֻһ˵Լֵ֪ܲ顣
Щô֪ģѲɣĳŽԵ׵ģһħб˿˿ɱ
ߺһĪҪС֮ģȾ֮һὫеǵǣԸΪҸоԶԶ˵ģ
˵ţߺٵǰȥΪ֯ųѾָг룬ߺ
ħͬҪȥսȴ㣬߸һ˽İΧס
Ȼǵʵ㲻Ǻǿǣȴܹǣסһ
ⷴǸ˸ߺᣬڸߺҲûзأȷնɱ֯ųǣȴûǸˡ
ߺ֯ų·ϣ²㺮֮ٶȼȴ룬ԷеĵӷĽһͽԼµĺնɢˡ
ʱչⲫսȻһԸߺû̫ǣȴǸߺġ
Ҫ뽫ԷеĵΨһĻˣⲻסٶֺܿ죬ֻнӽܹ֮еĵԼԷҲѶ㿪
ʮ֣ߺвϵ۳֣ˢˢĴӸߺзɳǲûб󣬶ǻԭһС
ʮƴСӣոյľ޴˵Ӳûʲô仯ٶûʲô仯
Ψһı仯ǣЩӱȸոյ࣬٣֯ųҪնУҲôˡ
ЩӲϵΧ֯ųתѰһᣬ֮С
֯ųһĽелӳûһƬ⣬һƬռ俪ʼѺۣȻ̶ֳˡ
Ȼֻÿķ񣬾ܹƬռҪ֪ߺ˿Ŭ˺ܶΣʩչ˺ܶεˣûгֿռѺۡ
òզأǲأǳںÿ㣬˵ҶĽ֮ռΪˣ˵ţߺӶԼĳٴζ˶ԷһƬ
ҽѸٵŲԼǰԼ¶ԷһҿٵĻػ
ڿУϰˣƬռҲĲˣǣȵģûһ˿۵ĺۼ
ȥУԷԼĵط϶ܹʤңǿ־壬ұҪսپˣ
ߺ֪ȥǰ취ˣ˫һ桤ֹˮ
˵ţߺϺȻǿҵĺһȦȦĲͬˮеĲһ㣬ģܶˡ
Ƭֹͣʱ򣬾ľͷߺٺٵùЦ˵
֯ųһȣûܵĺƾѸٵֹͣˣҲӡС
ǣǵϺȻǿҵ֮ǳķ񣬸ߺֹˮȻ˲һ˲䣬ֹˮƵˡ
ƵıͬһУܻȥȻ֯ų廮ˡ
֯ųҲǺˣȻûЩ˺ֱۣߺȥһڸߺ֮ϡ
ߺڶԷûлӶʱ򣬾Ѿһ˿仯


537 а
ѩ֮Խһпռ䣬ԼĹ⻪ߺϽųһ˿һâ·ҪЩâ䡣
桤ѩǱȻ˸ߺ壬ͷ·ߺõһ㣬ͲڣһĻе˶ˣȵĿŸߺ
˶ȵ˵֮󣬱ҵ
ѵһѲ񲻳ɣȻǱĴڣǱĹ
ܣܵģǻӰһǻӰɣǻӰ
ǣҲûпѲɣѾӶˣ
ħͬжԼ۾ľԵ̫ĳ޷Լ۾
ôôأôôǿֻһСС߶ѣ
ˣǶϢ׻ʲôϿѾǵգ
ħ֮ͬȻǲܼסˣǣһħϢϾΪͬһˣܲոߺϢģ
ߺӰڵĻӰɣҿһǻӰķɣѲɻ֮У
ߺжƷǵ뷨ߺܣɢŵǹ⣬ǺĹâ
ߺһס֯ų˫ֻ֣һһ֯ųкϵıڱЩ˵ʱ˫֮г˺ڰɫ
Ҹ㣬˵ʵԶأ˵ţڰɫâȥϵľĽ뵽е֯ų۾֮С
˳۾뵽֮УɫâϵĽ֮еļȶᣬɫĹ⻪ǲϵŶԷѲá

֯ųʹĺȻߺһ˿죬ΪѾԶԶ֯ųĸ壬֪ʲôʱˡ
У̽֯ųţаҲȷа֮ƣо֯ųʧȻʼ
֯ų˶ʼɱͬոյЩ֮еһ㣬ٵʧ
ù˵֯㡣֯УǣȻҺڣȨʱûнɱǵ
˵仰֯ųѾɿݵĲˣͬһһ㣬󣬻û˵꣬ͳ׵ĵԼͷ
ڸߺǰԶĴͷͬԼĶһ㡣
֯㣬֯УѵɱԼ˵˵֣ߺţȴһѽ֯ųеа˹
оϵаϣһԼ֮гȥǹûʲô⣬Ҫߺ
ǣߺȴмڹˣԼ֮Щȥҽеаӡ
֪аǳа񣬶ң֪ǵ֮УõıУǵһ㣬ûʲôô˼롣
ߣ밵ң㻹һأϵбҪǿĶô̰ͼأߺеĵ˵
֯ųˣĶǶȵĿԼ游ֵ˵Ȼ󣬷׷ɢˣٹħͬˡ
֯˲û׷ˣǿŸߺù˵ҸлΪɱ֮ˣֻҪ㽫еıлǣǾͷĲٹǣ
ǿЦУҵսƷʱǣ˵Ļһ𣿱ΪҶǵƷв˽⣡
˵ţߺͰ츣µϢ٩٩̸磬ǿΪգ£֮Уίˣһһĸ֣ǣҲһЩΪƨļһֻҪ棬Ǿ;ԲŹԣǵĿֻǿµĴڣٵĻӣԳΪ壬ֻһ㶼ΪˣƹӡΪǵΪֱ΢޳ܣͬһ۹⡭
Ÿߺ˵֯˵ɫӵĲ԰ף
մǰġ֯пԷţ¸ߺɱǣԾȻȲĿʼˡ
ߺ¶һ˿аЦ̴϶Էģˣģ絣ԼΪЩܹǶĿ𣿡
˵ţߺ˫һ桤ֹˮ˵ţϾͷųĺΣͬһ㡣
Ƭƾֹ֮ʱҲѵ١
ɶʱ򡭡ƻûֹͣʱ֯֯㿪ʼͬͷһǸԡ
ߺȻԸˣ¶һ˿΢Цҿ㻹ǲҪ׷ˣΪǾûлẰںˣֹɣ
˵꣬ߺȫֹˣ˵Ŀںûкߺңҿ֯ųûкںţͱɱˡ
ȻĻǸںŵߺһɵأҲֻԼ桤ؿԽ˰ɣ
Ҫ֪ʱаϣǵʱԼҲûа취ٴʩչ桤ѩɡ
еаߺеҪ֪Է֣Ҫ֪ߺ桤ֹˮǣа֮£Ȼ׵ľͱƿˡ
֯ųһ󲿷ȫаʩչġ
ħͬУסǣˣߺĶ˵Ȼһֹ֣ˮƿˡ
дӿųɵˣϱѾķĽͣټƿʱ򣬸ĺѿ˲䣬֮ɵ˺
ټϺЩɵ˺Ѿ˺ۣˡ
ħ֮ͬеħħԣѸٵߺߣס¶һ˿΢Ц
Сֵܣ㻹һʲôʱģҪر֮𣿡
еħһʳһ⣬ߺޱ飬ҡҡͷ
ѾһΣΣҲٱˣϾǻҪǲ֪ߺ󣬲ûоǰѰһ㣬ǲò𣿡
Ÿߺôһ˵˻Ȼ򣺡԰Դߺ󣬱ǰѰģǣȴûп
Ҫ֪ߣѾȥ˺üˣôҲӦ˰ɡ
һħȻ򣺡Ѳɡ
ûһѾѰҵ˺ôǺô˿ǲӦ÷˵ţߺħͬбԶȥ
ǵǰûκһ˸Щʲô˰֯λ󽫣ôɵıʰ
Ȼݶȴɵ֪ʱȥ޷Ǿ
ǣߺҲûȤȥϾɱΪЩ˸ͲΪ壬ƾЩߣȫпܽЩնɱ
һ֮أߺʩչ̷֮㣬սȥͨһε̷̽ߺ֪ĸ˸ߺ
˵ĵа


538 
Ϻõˣеĵ֮УҲǵһаߺобҪ飬ħͬС
Ͼа֮ԱаϾһ棬ҪҪľȨǸħͬЩ˰ѣϾεˡ
ߺĽܣǲžãԭֻѡ
ÿһаԼаһ棬֮е飬Ѿ˺ܶ˵ĻǣԳɻˡ
˵ÿһаˣĺܲңÿһζ⡣
ߺҲңҿԼովסջûнаգǿһ
ȻĻһģпԼȻķҲȷ˵ġ
ܹƵԼֹˮĴڣ׶εȷˣа֮һ
ֻҪаͲھ¸ߺֹˮܹӡסǡ
ħͬ˼ǰ󣬻ǾҪаǿԼԦҲ˵
ߺȴôΪǵǲߣΪֻвܹȫļԦ
ܴһ֣˼ԦԼҲǲԼԭ˱
ͬߺͷϵ̨ǸߺΣҲԲߺġ
ǣıȴͬ㲻ܹԦԦˣոյ֯ų
޷Ԧȴôǿǣһжаš
Լĸ壬ʼĩߺ˽ġ
֯ҶռˣԼĺĸԴõ֮䡣
֯ҶѣǾǴ飬
ȻǸߺаɢһҲᱻգʧǣܵĿơ
ҲֻԦˣܹܾջ󣬴ﵽļԦ
ԷȻҪߺȻҲᷴԣֻǸǣǧҪȻĻ롣
󣬽ĴҲöڱϣһһ㡣
ҽˣһһǾܾʵջǸô죿
Ȼħͬ˵ҪˣԼȻύġ
˼·һ·ϣ˺ܶˣ޷Ӧߺһ˵ʲôԣĳ
ձ죬ߺһֶûһֱ־ͼǰˣţֱֻὫЩȫնɱɾġ
ÿΣֻʱ涼ռѪߺýջȥˣɴཫ֮СУԱʱֻá
Լ˰£ߺ˺Ȼкʲô쳣ΪǰȻս
ѲɣѾҵ˾ࣿߺ˼ӿнٶȣڳ˵ʱħͬйȻһ¶޵ı顣
ȻǾһô¾Щˣһħݺݵ˵
ߺûлػǾĿǾڿ裬бһǿЩȫ
У⼸Ļָһöˣûԭôˣ˿ɫǰ˵˸ߺˡ
ңң򰡣򰡣Ūǣ˵ţʩչԼ桤졣
һȥĴضѿһ޴Ԩ˶һ֮¡
ҪҪȥæħ֮ͬһħ΢΢аЦĶԸߺħ˵
˶ףħ֮ͬףɵɵʵΪʲôǰȥæ˲Ǹ𣿡
˷˷ۣߺ˵ǲҪˣϾЩ˶Ƿ࣬ǰɱԺҲܺã
ǵͲǺܺð
ܸ˵ıɣΪͬ࣬г𣬿Լȥǣеǰʱ򣬻๥Ǿûеˣ
˵꣬ߺĿ¾Щˣиеһʹ졣
˹ȻǿȷƷָͫռˣȻΪţȻÿһǿ߶ۼˡ
Щ˿ȥҲǺģԼħһεӣԼʮңǺˡ
͸ߺʮȻǲ˺ܶˡ
Щÿ˶ԼɫƮݣиֺƸˣЩ˲ǵòȻαӣߺҪύһء
ֻϧЩֻ޳֮ͽ
ϴ󣬿쿴Ǳߣħͬаʱ򣬾Ҳ˸ߺˣߺ˱ûпԼ壬ǷҲʵ
ǸϴģǰóָƮݵĿ˸ߺһۣû˵ս
ϴҪҪһи˴ʮֵĺݶ
ҡҡͷǣֹǳ֣ǲֵĻǻõǵĵط
ϴ˼ǣǵǸطȥ
¶һ˿̵Ц⣬ʮֵΣգüͷԼ򵥵ļһȥͷ󣬵ǵڻңǼȿǣֿԵõһãֶΪأ
ϴҵʵЩ˶аαӣʲôöСĵΪ֪ʲôʱˣ
еȻѾܲסˣڿǳ˼棬ۺ찡˲նɱˣͳŸߺ˷ȥ
ߺ¶һЩаЦոհһĨ̵ЦⱻĿˣôܻ᲻֪Էأ
ߺȴҲƾͼƣʱ˭˭һء
øߺԼĿģڣǸߺȵõһжڸߺߺǣԼĿꡣ
ʹߺҲ׼ô򵥾ͽеȻаǣһǲҪôͰװ׵͸ǣԼҲ̫ˡ
ʲôôߺʱû뵽еʱ䣬ʱ¡
Ȼܲס裬ԼߺȻŹˣķԸħ֮ͬһ仰ȻͶħͬеĺ棬Ĺ۲졣
ȻԷһһΪڴ֮ǰӭȥ
ôϴκˣ˷ܰɣһΣ
˵ţ˹ȥǷŸߺˣеģɰٱҿ˲ͷŭˣ߶ʮһȥ
һϴε֮û뵽ħӰһȥˣ̵һΪλá
ûٴιߺӰʹӺ洫˹ŭʧȥǣʧȥǵˣһӲǺܺãȻˣ
һȻβһʹս˹ȥβѩ׵ϣһĽӡӡ档
һ氮ɫ·أߺԭزϵЦţħͬиǺôЦ


539 
ˣס֣棬Ȼͷ죬ֻһָһϼָ֮ȥʮһϼ֮£׷׵ı
һָ˵
ǣЩһεңѲҾ𣿡Ȼʲŭ˵
ɱˣһת弱ٵԭأתǰ
ֻһ֣ͽߺһ£û֮۵£ȻֻܹĿһ˿Ӱ֡
ʲôʹ˵ٶѾ쵽˼ˣǴ˻ʵǸߺۣ֮ߺҲܹ
ʹˣƾߺٶҲ׷ϡ
ߺͷħͬУǣٶȣǾȻܹսೡûб
˵ĵҲĻԷٶȷǳ죬ոһָһָɱʮˣҲǷǳǿ
ħͬȴܹڶԷѹ֮£һȷǹġ
ħ֮ͬеĶħ˫һУû˵ֻǿ֮У־ӣͶԷһȡ
һħ۾֮Ҳ۹⣬ħ֮ͬħԸߺĵ˵Ҳûʲôٶȣϴ϶԰ĵôȥˣһһֱδֳʤ
ߺĿһħħһۣû뵽һعģȻҲԴﵽٶȣ㹻ߺˡ
ҵٶǵУһëֵɣߺ뵽

ǰһѳס˶Էӣݵ˵˵ˣѵҪΥɣ
ɫǺ죺ǡӶңġ
飬ΥĻˣǵڶŵĸͽ˵ĻȻĴˣ
һֺǺǵ˵˶ǱſϷ̬ⳡ־硣
ǣǡãҾʱ裡òʱԼ裬һ˵
һߣʶ࣬ȻĻҲ⽫ɱȻڼһ
˵꣬˳һָɱһܵˣڿʼҪЩȫɱݱ࣡
˵ţӷɱЩЩһ￴־ˣ˫ûսʮֵĿϧ
Ȼ˵ˣǾ͵ִֿʼɱЩһȥͻкܶ˾ʹ£
ʮӵʱ䣬ʣˣȫǵС
ٶҲǱȽϿˣɱ֮ȫֺǺǵħͬߺ˵ǰ
ħͬУǺܾδˣû뵽ȴ֮󣬾Ȼûзŭ˵ҪɱˣЦ档
һħһû˵˫ȷԹȻĻųǵһħҲĶ
෴ԷİĻ֮øߺе㵨һԹôȻЦź͸ߺ˵
ҿǼ˴ûйһ㣬δѡ
ĻδЩ̫˰ɡ
˿ԶԷĻ֮ħͬС
ߺ֪ȥ϶ɣŪ̫ˣԷӵеϢԼûа취õ
Ҳһ˿΢ЦǾ֮еİɣǾˣ֪ʲô𣿡
üͷ΢΢һ壬Ȼ˸ߺΪĲȥߺΪ߸Ͳһϵ
ǣǲȥĻԼļƻҪˣ֮£ֻЦĿŸߺ
û£ʺһ⼸ʲôջ񣿡һЦŸߺ˵
ߺҲǺݶĽȻô׷Ź٩ĻˣûҲ˵Ͼˮ̫ˣиʲôĻϲˣǵıǽҪˣ
ΪĻǳļһߺĻһЦ
ûûط̫ˣлΣأԷȻװֱӽ˵˵ϡ
ߺ˵ͷ˻μϵа֪ǣʲô˼أֻЩĻǾ͸÷ˣϾǰ˸˿ɲǾŸ˵Ķ֣οµΪȽ΢ĩҪиʲô飬ûл֮
ߺĻνǵ⣬̣ҪԷĻʲô̶ȣ̵ĵߣ
Ȼŭ棬ߺΪ̶ֻȶأǴ˵ĻǾͲ̫ˡ
ǣߺϣˣԷûָ˵Ļ˭˭ıǲˣֵܣһȥǣ
ߺǽ𣺡е㲻˼ɣϾ֮仹෴ôͼأ
ֵܾеˣҪ֪ǽ֮󣬾ͶЩ˵ĵˣΪͬһϵˣҲӦõĲǣ
˵ţߺĿ֮дѺá
ŶǾͶлˣСᰲ뷨ˣΪˣСԸ
ߺ˵Ȼ뿪ʼϹһĻħͬпһŭݶӣȻ֪ߺڸʲôǣǵĳ˾ϹǾе̫˰ɡ
ȻⲻҲǸߺ֮̽һҪⰲܲһݡ
һݣ֤Ҳһ߰ͲΪ壬֮ǿαװõһˡ
Ȼøߺʧˣæߺסֵֵܣд˴ֵܲûʲôдô֪
ֵ顭
һƶҲҸոնСͷҲΪֵܳһڶ
ߺһЦȻô˵Ļ¾ȴ֮ˣʹ˸ǣĶԹһʹΣ
ȻȻһеôҪ߸λֵܣ֪ԸԸأĳ⣬øߺЩԼжϡ
һﵽαӻӵĸо漴ߺͣһ¡
һ̽ңң֮ȻңԭոսӴ˲䣬Է֮ͽ뵽ߺ֮ˡ
ߺȻûз֣Ҳһ󣬾øߺøС
һ¾Ȼ¶ˣû뵽ǸߺȻôǿ¶֮ȴ֪顣
ߺֻԺֻһ٣봦һƲߣƾͼƣ߶Űĺá
Ҳǿܷˣ¶һ˿Ц⣺ôǾʹ˽Σ
ߺʶĵ˵ͷððô˵ˣ
ħͬķǣȴվûзֻǵĵ˵ͷڸߺϿɣǾԲᷴġ
⣬ϲʤãڿʼǾͽͬˣ÷һżȥ̽һɣ
ߺʶĵ˵ͷ


540 øռ֮
Ц⣬ŸߺһЩ˵ʬ֮еһȥ
ߺǰԼ֮֮סͿ룬Էˡ
ȴǲ֪ԼѾߺˣΪԼ޷أǰȻԵá
ǽЩʬŲ֮󣬲ŷеĲͬȻһص󷨣ҲǴ󣬿ߺ۾һ
ոЩʬԷ󷨵ΧŵĹâڵסˣԸߺûз֣ڣʬŲ֮ĳ̳ڸߺ˵ǰ
ԭǰػذĿ˵һżء
˿ûоȵ񣬾֪֪⴦ڣһ۰һ˿ڴ
ߺֵļı̶ܳȿż֮еĶӦòҪȻĻڤүŪôõĶˡ
Ҫ֪ʮֵĴڸߺ޷ģĲߣҪŪһҲҵܳɹ
Ϊ⴫ҪĲҪĲϣЩڶûˣңҪģҲǸߺòܳɹģǿռ
ռһǾûа취֮ɹģߺû˵ĸܹռɹġ
ܹһռ֮ѾոˣҪ˵ǿռ֮ˣȻÿռ壬ҲǺܹ
˵ڵĴ󼸺һϡжֻ󣬾ջа취֮ƵȻЩŪȥǾۡ
ϡеĲǸ˵ˣп޼۵ĶЩǣҲһ֮͡
ΪڹĲϣ٣дһ˿ռֻ֮Ҫܲһ˿ʵǾ޴ջ
˵Ǻģ˵֮гΪȿȡ
ȻҲѧƽ⴫󷨵ķţȻĻһƿͱ飬һռ䶼ڡ
һûеõЩ󷨵Ĳϣ˴Լ
ɴˣߺ΢΢ЩǸˣȻܹռ֮ҲֲΪ͵ʣҵҪõĶû͵ġ
ռ֮ռ˺ܴأûпռ֮ҪعĻʹ֮У͵ЩƱǷǳѵ˰ɡ

Ǵ˸Ȼ⣬˸оǳҲǳºǣ˭ֻõôһѤõĶȴܹòҵŪĴڡ
һֱص壬Ҹ߸ȵãСֵܣȽȥΣº͵ĶԸߺ˵
ǰСһߺףΪʲôаˣԭָٶ֮⣬һóԻ֮
ȴϸߺ⡣
ȽȥȻԱȶΣȽϴһЩǣкöȴܹȵõǺ߱Ȳϵġ
ߺޱĵ˵ͷʮŷ˵Ļһ㣬ɵɵĴ˽ȥ
ħͬߺѾ˽ȥħͬвòЦʲô°ԼⷽȻԵƴӡ
Сӣ㵽׶ǵСֵʲô飬ʵҪȻҿҪķˣħ֮ͬһƢֱ֮Ӷ԰
һЦ⣬ֲҰɣֻ˵һѣǸһ£˭ԼôǲƸİ
˵ˣԼȻЦаϲû뵽ԼٿصСһȴЩ˵䣬ôһȴٺòˣ
ħ֪ͬ޳ܣҲٸϻһĳǴ֮󣬵еħȥʱ򣬾Ц
һȺ׳գôˣȻѡôΪ˵ͷ죬ҿҲĵͷˣ
ЦмĶ˵
ЩҲЦݣǰҿħͬҪΪСһˣӴ֮Ǿ޵ˣ

ĺܺãǣʵǺܲпĶÿΪԼʤȯյʱݺݵһһԴ
ߺո̤ϴ󣬾͸оһתģԼ񲻴Ƭռһ㣬оѣΣԼǰ嶫
ߺѹʱԼһطǰĳҲȫͬˡ
ɽˮɽˮһ𣬸һַǳǿҵĳУĴһƬƬСɽ֮Уˮķ֧
ߺоԼͺɾһ㣬ֻϧɾ֮ûֻ̫ķɢŵ⡣
ҲҫۣҲڰк˵õ
ߺоէһ˵أԼоĺܣǹĶǣЩıʵԼˣֻǰľɫ
һƬ˼ɾԶǸжðߺ˵
ԶĴɽ֮Уڣֲڣ·ǵĲɽһӰġ
ߺ˫ۺȻնҲɽĺ֣ߺҲʱա
ʵߺı֮ռʮֵļ򵥣룬һĿռ䣬Ǹߺ͸֮˵Ѿɹ˿ռ֮
Լ֮Ҳ֮ٿһֵĿռ֮
ֻߺռ䣬Ժ֮иٹ̵ǣռֻ֮ǽռ伫ȵ̶ѡ
ڸߺȻˣռ֮ọ̈̄µķҲԣɽɽˮˮ
ߺľȻʼ˿ռ֮ռȫķˡ
ΪǸһĸʲôǿռ֮ǱʹڿռģôڹȵۣŻء
ߺȻһ»׵λʦ֮ףҲǽܣľǿռ֮ռУͬһĺһ㣬Ĳٿأָӡ
ߺĻÿһ֣ʱͬʩչռ֮ʱ򣬾˿ռ䣬ǿռ䣬ռҲ
ڿռ֮УǸ߸ϵߣӣָԼĳһ㣬ָоʮֵ
ҲǸߺʵˣᵽʱ׵״
ǰΪֻվλá
ʵȻı岻֪ڶٸռ֮⡣
Զɽһ㣬ֵ֣ʱ򣬸ߺܹĿΪûκεӾͽˡ
ǣʵ߾ǺԶģֱߺɽ֮ߺܿ壬ԼɽжԶ
Ҷˣԭߺһȭǰӳ˿ߺȭͷѾ˼޵ĳȡ
Ͼ˵ֱ۾ôѣǣߺȭͷʵûдﵽǸߺȭͷ޵쳤һ㡣


541 ʥ
ģߺֱ۾Ȼһ㣬ȭͷѾ˼ĵطˣǣԶߺȭͷԾûʲô仯
ǸȣǣվߺĶͻ֣ᷢʵ鲢ô򵥣ߺȭͷָоʮֵĹ졣
ߺ˲ջԼȭͷǰԶȭͷҲѾʧˡ
Ȼʼգߺȭͷӵľ벢Ǻܴ󣬵ǣȴܹ֤ڵĸߺѾ΢΢˿ռ֮ˡ
ţߺǽһ˿ռ֮õϣǽǳ䲻Ч
ৡ
Ĵ󣬺Ȼų޵⣬ߺ֪֤˴ˣתȥҪ֪ȽģħͬлǾ
ڸߺԤ֮ڣȽĹȻħͬУǱԼͷΪɨϰԲôġ
һ֮ħ̲֮ͬסˣߺԱɸߺ
㵽ôˣôΪǴͷأҪ֪Ⱥαһߣֱ뻢ıƤᱻƵģ
һħҲɻĿŸߺѾ㶯ּߺǲѾԷˡ
ߺ˰֣ڵΪԼѾˣҲֵΪԼѾʤȯˣ
¶һ˿аЦݣϤЦݣħ֪ͬߺûܵԷĿƣֻƭԷ
ǽǸô죬ȻѾˣǾûбҪǵ˰ɣһħߺ
ߺҡҡͷǡǡ෴ǻҪһжȻϷҪȫ׵ģǻøղֱ̬ȣǧҪ¶š
⻹û˵꣬ħ֮ͬĦȭƣãǾ¶Լţ
٣û˵˵ǲҪ¶ţ㶮𣿡ߺ̲סһ
ħͬħûСҲе̫ˣеɵ
һ֮ͷ˶ˣ
ߺɵĿһۣЩģĶ𣿣㽫Ժҵ̬ȣϸһ£

˵һǶǰαŭĿӰʲôģԸߺ޿֮ġ
ߺ֮ͷɻŪ׵ˣԼԷˡ
ո˵꣬Ĵð⣬ߺ֪ԷҪˣæװɸղޱӡ
˽ߺˣǲЦЦȻʹ
ӽţ˽ӶĴӴ˳Ժ󣬸ߺæǰȥޱ˵
֣ҿﲢûʲôΣհҲûʲôƱӣ
ߺӣ΢΢һЦֵ֪ˣһõطеĵͼ֮еõģǳΪʥȣ
ʥȣߺĬĬ뵽ڵѾ֮ˣԣԼһŲ֪
ΪߺѾıԼˣһ˿뷨ûˣԼʵѾĴ
ʼܵľɫ˵ʥȣңǶط𾴣ǿ־壡룬һʲô˵Ķɣ
ߺ˵ͷո˵Щʲô͸оԼԴһʹ·͸ѿһ㣬ϽסԼԴʹĶȥ
ħҽУһôˣ᲻ǱαӸˣΪʲôոնҽй
ԭ˵޿̣ȻΪң˸ߺһڸߺ޷֮¡
Ǿħ鳴ָߺһټǼһͺǿ󣬸ߺܵ
ڸߺû˯תġ
ɻһŹģߺоԼЩ߿ԷͷˣһﲢûôȫᣬΪ޿̾ǶԸߺء
ħ֮ͬеλϽס˾ħһΪ
㡭Ϊʲôңߺŭħһٵģǣ뵽ĻԼһͰװ˷ˣңɡ
ԣֻεĳȥȴڰ˼ԼȥԺҪҪɾħ̷֮úõĳͽһ
ҲϣԼôףȻ֪
һҲȫȻûкô٣ڰڸߺܿһ飬ʮֵȷˡ
ΪħǲôԼͷ죬ҲǺŷģʹʲôҲּ˵ķֳ
ǣǿԼ죬ѾԼˡ
ʲô˼ʲôʱԻˣô˵ҲʿԲɳֱӵģ
΢ЦȰߺħλֵҲҪ⣬ϾħͬжǾԹôԼĶԹҲô򵥵Ĳǣ

ڰϺ˵Ȼߺ񣬵ȴֳֻܱͷ
˵乫Ȼֵܸոմ˾ħ֣ӦΪ֮ǣô˺
ߺᣬȥԼ˲˵ҪΪԷⲻǣⲻǴ˵еġ
Ըߺֽɫ˵ҲǺް취飬ȻԼð˵Լ˵ĵƣͱ뽫Ϸݺá
ݲã֪ʲôжԸԼ
ʱԼܲٽӵǾδ֪ˣΪ˴룬ߺҲֻôˡ
ߵħǰϿҵġԲˣħ
еݻþħһ˵ûûϵⰡ
˵ʱ򣬾ħЩˣȥˣϴ󳹵׵ĵˡ
ħܵǸߺٴλص˰Աߣվ
ߺӣжڰǼɵ˼֣ûⰲѾǿֵزˡ
ոգߺֻǴһ£Ѿ֮ȫסˡ
ǾνʥȣײʲôرɣгĽЦ
ߺ¶һ˿аЦЦɣ¹˭֣δ֪
һˣǺӱ߶ȥӱߵʱǴϢһӱߵĶʯһ˵ļ̤£
ߺȴо˿ԾЩ֮У·𻹼űʲô
֮󣬸оëȻǸߺˣ˾ħ֮⣬е˶ˡ
ЩΪȸߺĸߣЩ˵ʵʹûиߺĸߣҲͶ٣ԣȻҲǵĶ䡣
ͣ£ɫ˵ո˵꣬ȴħ֮⣬е˶ˡ
ǻͲһ£֨֨Ĳţ˵ͷð˺ߡ
Ǵ̤ôԵôа


542 
ɫһ£漴ָŸߺ˵ֵܣֵ鷳һˣ
ߺ국ĵ˵ͷͣ£ж
ǸߺĻãȻͣˣϵĴʲôôãոս϶ˣȻǻƽذ
ұ죡ߺѾ΢΢Щܲˣ治ףλ翴ǺܱȻڼıǣ׷ҲǴ֮ˡ
ǣôô·أ
ߺеһ˿ŭħͣԼֵΪͣԭأһ˵ˣ񶼲ˡ
ߺȴûпǴӸոյ˿֮Уһ˿Ҫֻ֪ʹЩˣط֮
ȻطĵͼǴû˸ڽ֤ʮֵΣա
ҲҴ⣬Ҫ֪籾ΣأСĶǾӲˡ
˿˿˿
˸ոǸӵ
ߣҾԲͨߣһ˺Ȼ˵ߺʶǸǿ֮ˣ֮սǸˡ
Ļ֮е˶Ųɣ׷Ӧԣߺһħʹһɫ˿ħ֮ͬ
Ϊǿûнн䱸ɱǸ
һħ˵ͷ⣬ߵħԱߣһȥ䱸ˣ
ħ⣬æıɷصơ
ߺ˽䱸ţ˿˿ȴԶߺԽԽˡ
ôûħ˵
ո˵꣬Ƭʯɵİ߶ʼҵĶʯ֮ķ϶ʼıΪصĹ
ڽ£ǸոѵѸٵ˵׷״ԭط𣬷˿УȻעһ֮ء
ڸովĵطпɣʮɵĶʯѾȫĹʼ׷䡣
߹ĳѸ٣ȻֹͣˣȻһȦεвĶʯһ˲Ͷ˷ĩ

漴ЩĩȻݣһӰӣӵٶȼһϢŸߺˡ
һֱĿⶢסĸоӿͷߺ·ӣ΢΢һᣬԱ߻ȥ
еħ֮ͬһħħԼĵܵԱ˵ȥԼѾ㵽һȥ
ʣ˷ɢҲ׷׵ɢ俪ֻʣٶȲǺܿ죬ȴа취
кŵıȻʣǸӰӾһȥ棬죡
һɽ⣬ޱƣѹȥѾжȥеǵķ෴ķȥ
䡭
ǵɵĺӰһУ΢΢¶һ£Աȥ
ɢʱĳչڸߺ˵ǰ
ֻһӱ¶ľ޴ڸߺ˵ǰİӾʮɵĳȣʺɫ
ǺɫƬ΢Ĺâ֮£˸΢ĺɫ⻪ǰɫģͷ­ȴ״ģɲ
ſԼѪڣ¶ڿ档
ȻɫģһǺо綾Ҳǲϵųɫֻ۾ɨܣ·ʲôһ㡣
ߺ֮۾ȻһоȻҺɫġ
ǸߵͷһĽˣոһشɫѪҺ
ôأߺ뵽һ޶ģֻǹǿ󡣡
ʹޣ֮ģжҲôǱɵġ
ߣһ㶼Ǻܴ󣬶ɫޡһϲߵˣ֮Ϊ
ߣȥªޱȡ
֮عȻϡŹֵĶһż˲Ĵڡ
߷·𲢲֪ߺ˵ʵΣոһȻشǲʲô˺
ĿУߺ˷·ζеʳһ㡣
ոøߺϾߺԴӱûпߺʲôʵ
ǣû뵽˫֮оս⡣
Դӽߺ֮ʧǱߺһһ򣬺͸ߺһˡ
ţ͸ߺ˷ֿ֮󣬱һ裬󣬾ȻԼĳ˽ѡ
ʹģҲѹޱȣڿԺú÷йһˣôܷء
Ƴһ۸ߺˣе뵽ǿʵɣ
ţеĽ͵䷢ȥߵһֻ۾ͬһһ㡣
ǣԷӦҲǺܲͷֻ΢΢һһʡ
һͷոնʱ򣬾Ѹٵߵͷϣ߸߾ԼеǱݺݵ˹ȥ
ۣ
бȵеĽˮһֲͳͷϻȥ
ǽϵڿб任Լλãһһ㣬Ľ·ϵƬϡ
ߵƬ̫ӲˣȻ޷֮κε˺
ߺԭΪʵҲ˶ѣȴ֣ǽڶǰƬϵ۲
͡
쳹ռ䣬ߺĿһһԭΪƵߵķ˳ƬѰҳƬ֮䣬϶ĵط̽ȥ
ۣһеߺɻ뵽
ϾȻ̽ȥˣǲûʲôر˼ʳһ㣬ѰҶԷıص¿ڡ
ûøߺȶʱ䣬һͿʼжˡ
ֻĽ̽ȥ֮߶ʼŤţİҲ˵ǰ
ʮɵĳȣøߺΪľ߷˻š
ߺһûжͬһеĽȴǲϵɢ
ЩɢԽΪᣬĵطЩѾɢˣһɵ©һ㡣
ȻЩתڽ뽣֮⣬ʳĩ
ǴִһһƶĽ
ңĽǽתʼƶǲסķԼ壬ҪԼˤȥ
һ֣Ѿ뵽֮ˡ
ôٱˤȥأһ߽ʧȥϢҲֹֻͣ񾭻ڣҲڲסĳ鶯š
Ӹոսĵطһߵ壬һѪĶ
ߵߺ˿ǰ鿴Ȼ֣˿ڵλã״һ޳ݵ״
Ҳܹ̫Ӱÿһ˶ô򵥵ǰ̫СˣߺĬĬ


543 ߵ
˶ĿߣôһܹΪߣǺܾȵġ
ڴ˿̣ߺħ֮ͬȻߵͷ­˹ȥֻ޴ͷ­Ȼ߲١
úܸ֪һ߸ζΣ
Сһֱֹģߺһͷ󺹣һȻ̾ôߡ
ߺεЦţȻһ˿쳣߳鶯壬ߺ˵ǿ⣬ǣ漴ߵͷҲԱߵľħҧȥ
ٶȿ磬ߺҲǿӦ
ǣħٶȿûиߺô죬ԻûзӦĿߵԼҧ
ֽ֮ԣħԭûߵĿԡ
ߺǣ˫ֺȻڵƬȵϢߺŻǼˡ
ϵĺ˲Ͳߵ壬ͷϵĶȻĳٻ
Ѫڣھħǰͣ嶼סˣŵ˿

ݺݵĺһû뵽˵߾Ȼܹҧˡ
ʵǸߺûʶ˵ͨߣֻҪʱ䲻лй˵ĿԵġ
ΪǰܵشвԣϻҪһĶȫҧ
ڷ֮Уһ㱻ߵĸ𡱣ʵȻֻһӦ޹ظ֮˵

ߺţȻоԱߵĺһ쳣ոȻӿǣûɢڣɢԵĹâ
жߺʶ˵е˸ոձ߸Ѿȵĺϲ£ˣֱ
ڣֺȻߺ˵仰ʶϿȥ
ĳǿҵӾУе˶Լĺ·ͣˣëȻ
ӵĿҲֻʮɶѣڵĸߺ˵ֱСһ顣
ǣֳȴǸоⲻĺʮֵĿ־塣
ԭڲĺ֮£ңңƮһöö޵ǴԶƮһƬİɫĭ
Щ޵ھߺ˵ĲԶͿʼѣƮܶϸСЩ߱Сָϸ
ȴܶ࣬飬涼ˣǵѤʣǣʮɫĹâ֮Уȴɱ
飬һߣߺ϶̲סһ㼦Ƥ
ʲôޣȻô࣬ңȥöİħ̲ס̾Աߵħͬ༸ͬĵ˵ͷ
ߺȴޱ飺ոյߣڵĸոճҲߣҹƣһƬߵ磡İ߰ɣ
鲻ôܼˣ˵Ƭ֮жߣҿЩ޵֪ЩߵķֳٶʮֵĿ졣
ط̫ˣңû޵ĴڣЩ߻Ƚʳġߺε뵽

ֻߺ죬ѻ죬˵ʲôʲôС
Щں˳Ưߣڻ๥ڸоߺ˵Ϣʱ򣬺Ȼٻ๥ˣתߺζңһЩ밶߽ģѾ½ˡ
ǿߺ˵УǿһЩζʳ˻˻죬ϵߺ˰Χ
Уȥǰ취ֵܣȥĺУЩ߽ɣȻ˵
ߺ˵ͷΣյԼΪôΣգȻԱ˵ʮֵΣա
ϾЩʮǧһôӦˡ
ôߺöˣϾߺʵҲôǿȻָħͬУǣһʲôΣħͬл᲻ӸߺĻͺ˵ˡ
ԣʹȻҲǰ뷨
ߺȻҲ֪ԷôģʹӴôܴⲻأ
ҪʵչһҵˣȻıˣԺʲô鶼ΪҲ̫˰ɣߺ¶һЩаЦ
˵Щںֱ쿪顣
ߺӰһѸٵӵ棬;УС߾Ȼ쵯ſеĸߺҧȥ
ǣ̫͹ߺˣߺֻĵЩ߾˲ĻΪһ䵽ϣˤ˺üݡ
ԱߵЩСߣȿֺĽǼֵߣɵԼ֮С
û뵽ЩԼĶģ̶ȣĺЩЩˣЩơ
ˮ֮ϣЩͬڵЩһϵĳȥߺеʳ
ߺָõˣɢǿϢռ䶼ΧˣԴԴϵɢȥ
漸һ˲ͱߺĺˣһģЩСߣǸˮϣȻҲˡ
ϣͷ˿֮󣬸ез顣
ΪЩ߻ǰĶȫͷеĸߺԣ浹һ߿ӡ
ûˮǲ˺ӡ
Զ޵ûٴεƮƮһʱ򣬾ͱĺˮ赲סˣҿʼϵĽ
ռ䣬¶½˺ܶ࣬УʼѩɣƮ
Ҳû뵽һһʵ㲻еأȻôõĶƣҪŵΣյʱ̣
ţһ޴ߴӺˮΣ
ոյȣҪ޴󣬾ȻʮɵĳȣɵĿȡ
֮ϣɫĹ⻪Ե켫ˡ
ոյжܻΪԼķŭˣǣոߵĵطȻͣסˡ
Ȼ¿˿оһǱĺˮܵ¶ȣԶߺƯĴѩһȻǷ˿һ㣬ζȥ
ʱٶȣʱ򣬲֪϶ٱ
ҿʮֵǱһ
ʲôħ֮ͬףߺߣǲĴһ¸ߺ塣
ȻȻûҵĿ࣬ûҵǿ󣬳ҲԶˣ
ߺȥһۿܻΰûǾԶһΪɣ
Ҳ֣ΪʲôǼһﲻǰˣոɢϢǸߺҪսʤҵ÷һ
ǣħͬԸһԼȻĻҲһƾеĽ֡
ߺûа취κҲһûа취κθߺ
޴ߣߵСߣܵߺϢȫһ𣬷׷׵Ķ㿪һܸߺ
ͺߺǲ֮ˣﶼһ
漴ЩСҲٷһԶжȥԸߺǼı֮·ƵУ֮


544 ߣһ
ô£е˶ߺԱߣȻΣˣԣеɿ˺ܶࡣ
⿪ʵǰΪߺԼˣʻҲûʲôɻˡ
ߺ⣬ֻʼ򣺡Ҳ֪Ժܿ϶ǣЩߺܿ־庮䣡
ǺԵģʲôֱԲˣ̬ȴ˿ȥˣ̬ȣԼǸ߸ϵߺһ㡣
ħһ˵ѶһضûˣôαװȥС˰ţķǳĺã
ԼҲʶո˵Ĳף΢΢һЦ¸ո̫ˣֻڻ֪λֵܵĳƺţҪôƺ
ƺұˣߺͷһѿڶ
ո˵仰е˶ĿŸߺħͬҲ⣬ߺһǱɵ󵨵ľħôԼƺһʲôԾ
ôʲô𣿡ߺ
Ӧ΢΢һЦǣЦ֮жǲм룬һ㻹ûŪףƺ
һħĴߺףĳƺţô򵥵ġ
ǺӾ磬ϵľ֮УֵĳƺǴ۷壬ֻ۷ߣʸֳƺ
Ҳǰһֵǰ׺Ӹ֡
ȻĻǾǿԴˣǵ棬Ҳкܶ׷ɱġ
Ǹߺα֮ʲô콣ڵȵȣֵ߶ǲ׷׵ĶԸߺΧ׷ء
ǵʱĸߺʵĵ˳뻯ĵزɱЩˣܻһѶء
˵Ļ˵ҪǵУΪƵһƷˡ
ߺȻһתҵǺħ
ʲôħôû˵һ£Ȼʵ
ߺһħʹһɫһħ᣺ħͬ¼һˣԣԺħͬУ¾ҪΪħͬˣ
Ļû˵꣬ͱߺˣȻôֺܷ߼ǣߺãǲһֵĻԷŷ
ϾħͬоǸոǣǿ֡
ҲȷһħʱģҪ˵ʲôģˣʱħͬлΪĳƺء
ǰħңΣߺһħûн˵ʱæڵ
˼һˣħңΣȻǺ֣ˣϲǰħ
⻰˵ԲģҪ˵ħͬУһǸովġ
ǣħңΣһħҲ϶벻֣ڸߺͱˣʲôأ
ҲֻŻôϡŹֵ֣ħңΣоȥһ
ԣƺûôĵģֻǵһЦ֣֣
ߺһ׳ղƭȥĻҪԼˣȥٽԼĳƺΪ˵ȥ
ǺǲˣߺΪ˺Źء
ԷȻˣߺæתƻ⡣
ǽô죿ȥʲôطأߺʵ
ĬһȻָɽȵ棺Ǿ߰ɣţεĿĵؾǻҵżرģ
Ҳ˵ͷǾȻĲϣǣֺ£ǻǲŹġ
飬ߺҲúп棬ϾûбҪңһЩرɼΪǿػػġ
ЩȻҲߺ˲˵̫ˡ
뵽ߺҲͬ뷨Ҳͬǰһ˳ӵ˵ðɣ
Ӧʮֵ˳Ȼû¶ʲôǣԣҲûġ
˾һ·ȥǣθߺûоɱʲô
ڰߺΪħ֮һеľ䣬ԼԸ˵ĴΣ˵øߺ˼˰Լһ
һƱߺΣյļħвʣ˵ԼһЩС鷳
ǰЩҲ̫ΣգľҲӦ
⼸죬ߺ˵ǺúõһûʲôΣյսϢǶԸߺ˷ǳӵ
ʲôΣյΪᱻǲԣĶǳԸߺ˸ŭĿӡ
Ҳѹ֣ûа취ŭĿӣԼĳϢԼȴĵˣңԽԽ濿ÿһεҲǳΣգǾһ
Щߺǳĺ¸ߺĺֻҪߺһͷųЩⱻŵߺԱߵޣˡ
ԣʮֵļˣߺûսӽˡ
ֻҪվڸߺĺ棬ߺͷųһжˡ
ԽԽ棬ң¶ҲԽԽͣȻ͸ߺıԾǲ˺ܶ࣬ǣĿ˵֪˶ٱ
ߺҲΪʲôǣһ˸ߺ⣬Ͼôһߺͻǿ
ߺҲ֪龡֪ҲǰԼʵûþħ˷κε쳣
Ŀǰ˵ߺܹպлָɺǱȽصģ֪ߺֱ졣
У͵ñеԣֻڳ䲻¹вŻᷢӳӦеĹ
ߺһ·һ죬һƬѪɽңѩһ㣬ɽϵѩˡ
綼һƬããѩ磬еˣ˸ߺ֮⣬ѩ֮ɪɪǰš
ߺȻº䣬δԼԵ̫ۣԻǺǵѡαװԵһɪɪ
֮һʲôһľºգУѣ
ȻܹᵽĲеıŤҲûа취顣
ˣ˵ˣҲģƣȥս
Ǹո˵⣬Ȼͣס˵ˣˣһǿϢѣ
ߺҲɫһ࣬˵ѣһ㶼ΪģΪ֮ǰûϢǣȴҲƫƫˡ
˭Ϊʲôҵĵ̣Ǹ֪ĴڣȻʼ˵ˣ˵Ҳǹ
ߺһ£漴˵˭
Ǹߺʻһ£漴Ц˭ҵ˭أǰƬػ񣬵Դ֮ҾͳƬĶħˣ
ػħֻһ֮ߺȻ츣¼ģƬֵ׼Ķħߡ


545 ߣ
ѲɣƬ֮У˵֮дܵİߣң֮һĲǴ֮óģߺȻʵ
ǸĬˣþû˵漴˵ΪʲôܸоЩ뱰ɵ˲ͬǺ˵мƣ
أҺ˶Աвߺ̲סڱֿڡ
ȻΪһ͵ʣǣ˭֪棬һˣԴش֡
ΪģֻΪӣΪߣԼĺǧӣԼͬŮʵһ㡣
УΪ谮ŴˣԼӵĳ谮Ĵεĺ
ʵ֮󣬽ɱˡ
ȻˣҲˣʹôǿҲвԿη
ңʱǿ󣬱ǿıȱȽǣԣȻˡ
Ǹûôķŭ֪Լʲôˣֻ֪Ƭ֮󣬷ԼԼӡ
ʱԼƬػޣǺ˫˫ʧ٣ԼػƬء
һ죬Щǿ࣬Լǰұ˵ǣ
ô֪أټϣʹ֪ҲԲ˵ġ
û뵽ǣЩ˵ıɣȻԳĴħͷݺ
յ£е˶ҪԿ
ȻʵǺǿ˫ѵȭվǰǵУû֮Уաίɱ˵ʱӽƬϢ֮ء

ڵʲôʵߺε˵ųųʵ
ȻռˣҪ֮еˣһ֮һʵҲһǿɡ
Ҫ֪츣ǲߵĵȼˣǶյ£֤ǿĴڣʵҲһǺ
٣Ҳ߼ˡ
ǸߺʻһЦȻԵ֪ô࣬һҲ֪ǿʲôĵزɣǣûһ˿Ի뿪
ߺ⣬ĳ˹ȵף˼˵һҪնɱ𣿡
ûҲ˵Ը˭ǵҴɣǸȻ֮гɱ⣬ߺĶ
ǿ־壬ǣһ̫ǿˣȻƾܹӰġ
ǲʹˣǺҲͬһ磬ʹ˰ΣڷӦˣԷȻҪɱԼˣûа취ܵġ
ǾԲģ˾ʲôûˡ
ǣƾɣ߸޶ԣ˵ߺֻһ϶ѡ
ѾܾûиĹˣߺҲд˵ңڡ
˵ˣϾֻаԼܹԣңЩ߶
ǱϹϾΨֲıãߺܹѾûˡ
ǵסҪɱߺ˵ľģϾǴƬصģ֮˶Ըɱ⡣
ҲˣȻǣúߺĬĬţʼŵעܡ
Ҳһȴߺţ֮еɱһͷų
һѾ¶ҪߺøߺԼĵˡ
飬ߺô᲻֪أڱѩ֮УߺĸӦǿ˼ѣڰĿ⣬ܵġ
˿ɱ⣬ܸо
ߺһ澯ŰҪֵĵطһЦ룬Ҳ벻ûнҿס˰ɣ
𡭡𡭡
ߺûн䱸೤ʱ䣬ŭһһ𣬱˴˺Ӧ໥νӡ
ߺ˵Ľ¿ʼҵɽҲһڸߺܣɽ롣
ϸһʮɽ壬壬С塣
ЩɽҲѩ˴ѩеѩߺ˵վĵطʼ
յѩǺе˳һ㣬ǵأݺݵߺ
ߺϲ˶ԶԶ뿪Ƭѩֻиߺžͳ˽ȥһ¾ʹѹȥѩ֮С
ţʹѹκ֮䵽Լ֮УֻƤǵѩߺȴûڻ
ֻǽѩȫ˺뵽Լ֮С
ЩѩµʱѾʵˣֻ㱡ѩڵϣ㱡ѩڵϣոֻ֮ƺƵûʲôѡ
ôѵոЩѩǼٵģֻǰĻѣԵ뵽
һǿߣǾ͸ûʲôúµˣ֮УŲٰЦ
Ǿˡ
ո˵Щʱǻû̧ͷ̧ȥȴ֣Ǹǧ׵İ壬ȫͷ
С壬ʵߵİβͶѡ
⣬ӿЩ찡￴ߺ㶵ĿǸԽǧ׵İ˸ͷ­ÿһа׶Ŀȡ
־ʵ̫ˣߺһҪܵ뷨ͲǷܹܵİ
ߺܸоʶԼʲôط޵
Ǿȥɣ߹Цţһͷ­ߺһ塣
ǵ壬ڰ˵壬Ƕڸߺ˽ȴһޱǿĹ
ߺæ߸Ծ𣬵ǣڸո˼Ƕܲ塣
ǣ漴ߺֻǽߺ·ˣû˺ߺ塣
ΪǵȻǺֱӽ˸ߺ֮УΪߺһ˿ʵ
˿ԭǳĺ䣬ǣٺҲиߺĻȪģԣߺȻôɵĽ֮ѹסյԼ֮С
ΪԼһ֣ԣߺûˣӵһ˿Եøӵľȡ
ɶһһҲǻûģЩһǼٵģֳݺݵ˵
˵ţеıʣһǰȥڰ߻δѹ֮ǰ
ոշɵʱеĽ桤죡һɵĽŷеһͷȥ

΢𣬰ߵͷûһ˿˺ۣһǶûбĳ
Ľһ㣬͸Էκ˺Էˡ
Ľ磬ܾûܹˣ㻹ǸȻңǿͷ˫ۣĿһ˿ҲûС


546 ư
Ǹͷ˵֮кȻһޱǿǰͳ˹ȥ˲ͽûˡ
ȥʱռ䶼𶯣ܵĿռԪؿʼȶߺ˶ܸоǹޱױȵļѹ֮
ǵ֪䵽ʲôطʱһ˿Ҷʣˡ
⡭ǳǴбˣû뵽߸Ͳƣǵȷʵ
ôأ˲⣬ոոߺڶԷһ˿Ϣ֮£ȫû˰
ߺȻˣңȽϵһ㣬֮
ǾӴͣȻռɽȣԼˣıϣڰ˵϶㡣
ߺ˵ȻΣȴһһ㣬ʮֵҫۡ
ǰ˸ͷʮֻ۾һ˲ˣȻĸߺˣһ쳤Х𡭡
ռ䶼ڶԷĺпʼоǵٵʱһ
ߺҿڿУɽ忪ʼѿɫƬչڸߺ˵ǰ
㣬ħֵǾ͹βͣȥβͣһһɱ߷ֳɣߣ
˵꣬ߺ˿ȥأ
ոھߵĳӴûעߺˣߺѾԼסˣǾԲܷԼġ
ϴǺˣҲ߰ɣеһ˷˸ߺˣѾŰߵβˡ
ɶҹŭ۾ڸߺ֮е֮
ͬʱߺҲԼİ֮ʼĶߺת֮ҲС
Ű˻֣˵ֵܣ𣿡
˵ţ֮У֮Σһű򣺡ôص뻹ԼŰɣ
ϣһ̽ǱŰУǲıͱߺܽˡ
֮»ص˰Աһ˵ϣ˳뵽֮С
Լ֮Ȼˣ˿һߺеĸܵˣɫǺˣһ
㡭
ߺһЦ㲻һֱҪôֻǽе뷨õǵ϶ѣ
ǲ壡ڿŭ
ߺǹ˿аЦǲ壬ŵĻӣǵαˣ˵ǿħὲʲôأ
˵꣬ߺͷǱӶݶȥ
ڸߺƬռӦģӦòҪصص磬յ˵
óóȻȥĻֱӱҲ˵
Щ໹˼أҵҪ˭ܹӳȥһֱڿŸߺ˵ĻƣڵϹЦ
ߺ˫һһǶħȻڿϷһ㿴Ǵ򶷣
ߺҲòôˣȻеǰ߿ЦǣҪ밲һ𲢼ܶôĶ֪
ЩˣǺһ
Ҿʹǿʼɱɣ˭Ǿأ߿ˡ
֮󣬷׷ӶݣٶȼֱߺǣȻ󣬵Ƿǳ
ֻһԼӣ˿˶ͷ­ͳھӦýаǡ
ǵǰ˸ͬɽһͷ­ΧһȦʮ˫۾Űˡ
ȴ￪ʼɱأϷʵЦ⡣
ǳʱŪ۵ˣ۾һתЦе˵˵ܾûҵԸΪԺ죡
⣬˳˼ȷôһҲ
ãֻҪǿˣ֮Уֻһܻֻлˣ䵱ҵˡ
⣬еĺ֮ɫãǾȥɣ
˵ţһԱˣȻԼеıУûбеģǾԼ֣ԼĲ֮ȥ
˾쳣ǣԼ¡
ֻΪΪǿûУĿŰһŵͽȻǵ϶꣬Ҫǣ
һЦҲûа취飬ڣô죬ΪޣΪ⣡
ΪԼĳɹ𣿡ЦһˣĿƣ˿ģ
˵ţ꺣֮Ưһ˿֮ǰġ
ǣȴûаֵľȣֻһЦΪһҶ֪𣿹ǵһУҵƿ֮У
֮
ǣǸ˲û˵껰ӰʹıʼĳͣǰǸǵʧֱΪޡ
ǡ
ٺһЦǣ֮Ĳ࣬ҲӦҵٶսǾԱȲϵģ
ָϣһĨ죬Ǹ˵λãһָ
߹ЦãòΪ쵼ߣȻǿҾʹʥѪʵҪúдЩ˰
˵ţһͷüĵλƯһѪ
ǵѪɵǰ׵뵽ü֮Уʲôû룬۾ƾöѪӡԼüĵλϡ
оԼ֮пʼǽֹΪҲʼҲһ
˲䣬ͻ˶۷壬뵽ľ磬һڲϵֱ۷壬ſͣ¡
ΪҲͻƵǺ۷壬ֻһܹ뵽Ǻصľ硣
ˣͰЩˡһֹͣʱ򣬰ѾǴģ
˧˫ǸˣԲСССУŷĿ⡣
ϣҲʼ͹һƬƬƬͷƮƮɵͷʧһɶˣֻʣһƬƬƬ
Ĺɸһβ
ڵѾȫ˵ģˣͷҪͷˡ
ϾߵѪ̫ǿˣ֮ģҲ֡
ߵ˵ͷһῴģ㲻ҽʸлɣ
һ£ʸΪʲôʸأ
ˣĹأ㻹ִҿȽҪ㲻еĻҲ⽫ɱ
ûнʲô˵
ǵģҾˣ
ո˵꣬嶼ʧӰ١ûдڹһ㡣
ǿЦֹ˰˵ν˰ֻ˶ѣһȺСų֮


547 ħս
ûз֣ڸµʱ̰Ѿױٶȸˡ
ڿвϷеḬֹ̇һѪ˵ǿǽ֮ѪȫˣҪǿʲôز
ڵûпεĳȥǿţԼ۷塣
ΪڵѾȥˣҲǱסĴۡ
طӲж۷ϵҲϵȥ
ͱǰ츣ǽ֮󣬾ҲûгȥͻƵߣҲֻ¶ϡ
Ȼ޷ٶȳȥǣǾһԶҰɣҪ֮أǣħ
ţٶٴεһ֣ڵʵǳǿˣٶҲѾ쵽һֱ¡
ԣߺǾûа취֮ʲôٶȵġ
ħħͬУǾôΪʲôһأһͷ˸ߺ˵Ӱ
ڿйЦţŸߺ˺ߺʶĻعͷȥţŵʱ򣬸ߺ˵һ
Ƿ׷ͣڿƯš
Ǻǲô꣬գҾͺһ˶ϣ˵ţЦ
ߺͷħͬУʶ˭
װʶңǲôİɣΪߺǹװأһ֣˵
û뵽ǣħͬз׷ҡҡͷôʶʲô˰˵ģҲǵһνżôʶأ

˵ϻսɫ񣬶Ÿߺ˾һָ
һѪɫָⷢߺٵķȥ
޵ľǸߺˣΪߺôԼܹȥһУߺйء
ûԼҲйߺ뷨
պһ׵ˡ
ߺԷݶûбͿʼĹҲһߣǣǾڶԷ
һָٶޱȲ˵ҷǳǿ󣬵ǾĿռ䣬ͬˮһʼĲơ
üһôߺ֪һԼǲȫӦԣܽԼɱ
棬ֹˮ˵ţߺϾӿǿĺܵĿռĽסˣһʼͬɢƵˮһ
Ȼ󣬵ǵָûзɵԼǰʱ򣬾Ϳʼٵۡ
ֹˮȻƵҲǷҪ졣
䡭
ǵָݺݵĺըߺֹˮϣֹˮȻ˲ͱը
ЩĺûγɹΪȫ˷ĩ
ʲôߺһͻ漴ʶãΪԼֹˮȻȫˣûеסԷָ
Ǻɫָһ˿ûôߺ
ɶ棬ѩߺһ¿ʼ鵭ɢŵǹ⡣
ָȻǿ󣬵ǣϾûǿĳ̶ȣԴӸߺϴ
һУе˶ûм۾һӰԣֻһ꣬û۷һ꣬ΪģٶȾԲܿ쵽Ҷĵز
ԼٶȣǱȽŵģţ֮ͬ£Լģû֮һ
ħ֮ͬеһħħС
οߺ֣΢ĩΪأ
ǣҲ֣׶ԷʲôԼһȻһЧûС
ߺһеȥʱ򣬸ߺӰڲʲô쳣
ϵǣߺ壬ȻģոգߺǺ¥һ㣬ȴ˸о
Сӣ㵹һǿأ
ڵЩߺˣȻܴ
漴һת㲻֪ȽϴˣҲǱȽ𣿡
˵ţһмΣָո˵֪ǿ˶ٱ
桤ָ
ڿʼͷųԼˣҲԼ֮
⣬Աߵħͬһ£漴ѸٵߺߺΧͷԼ
ħҲ⣬ȽأȻ򣬸ߺУ͸оȻһ㣬ޱȡ
ߺµĸһ£֣Էƽʮ
Ƿŵ棬϶Ϊǿ
⻹ҪģһȻҲӵ
ħ֮ͬУûһ߰ӵĸ֡
Ҳ֣ûʵƾǼ̣ںݶľÿս֮д
ǵָӰɢԺ󣬾ͿʼŨѪɫŨ
ǰСӵľаһô᣿ѲɣһǸţһ֮󣬾ܹȫѧ᣿
һħһ߽䱸ܣһߵ˵
ΪֹѾѪɫŨΧˣߺһ£Լ֮۾ȻƬŨ
԰ĸӦҲ˿ûκεˣƬѪ֮УԼ˾Ƿһ㣬͸
һʵ̫ǿˣǸûа취ȰħҲڲɵɵˣ˵
ԭⰲһзǳǿ󣬾˵Щ֮ģ൱һС͵
û󣬵ǣһȴԱġ
ǾʧһʵϣܹȫѹһУȻĻͻᱻ֮С
ԣħͬһһУǾ쳣׷ͣߺҼ˶Χһͷų򶼽త
ңҲһЧԷָҲ֪ʲôطԼ˷ԣνĪ⡣
֪֪˵״̬֮£ЩܹסЩ
Ȼû˵꣬һָʹ˹ʱѾߺͷˡ
桤
ָļ죬ߺֵʱѾˡ
ûеʩչʲôʩһڵڸߺͷϡ
ߺֻǰһǵѾߺͷ֮ϣߺסǵָ
ԭոһħסѪɫָģΪߺһ֮صԼλã۲ܡ
˵ľڼȵıΪоͫѾȫˣԣҲֻп۾ˡ
ָĹˡ
֪ʲôһķɹָңȫߺ
ߺɫԽԽڣû뵽ڣԼĲ˵һΪ˴Ҫˣ˴ҵ׸ǸߺԶҲûа취ܵ
ԴӸߺʹûз״
ǾɣҵУƽⲻģ֪ʲôطİĶԼ˳Ц
ߺ̲סˣɫ˲Ϣ䣺㲻ҪΪʤȯˣ


548 ħ
漴ߺʳָָ죬һֻǱԼ֣СĴָָŵأ棬أ
һǿĺӸߺʳָСָ棬ȻǿĺߺܽĶˡ
ħ棬һ㺮˿֧ԼŬĲԼʹƵ
ҪƵˣ˵ҪԵľǸߺĺ
ֺı̶ȣϺϢ֪ǱǺԼ壬һôܵġ
һһߺвУǼ˾ȫıˡ
˵ڶԷһ֮£Ҳδûпܡ
ܵĿռ佥۳ɺͬѪһˣָܵҪȴƲЩķ
ʲôСôͻȻ֮ôˣȫǲܵİҲһ
û뵽ߺᱬôǿĺ
ģƬ죬ƬأƬ֮Ŀռ䣬ʲôȫıס
죬أҵĺ֮²ɣߺŭһϺȻһһâ
ܵĿռѸٵıסƬҲ˱ңһɺɫĺѪԼ
ģƬ磬ѪˣǱ˺ɫɫ硣
ߺĿЩѪԼԿƵĴڣǵ΢΢
ƣһƬ磬ȫˣƬ֮еľƬصдڡ
һȻ˲䱻˴һ
ֻһƽġ
һвڵʱƬնʧһ󲿷֣ңֻһƬգԣҪʱ޲
һλǿߣԼ֮ƬռĿռ֮ӿ޸
ǴҲǣЩȫɳһ˿ˮֶûС
Ͼոոߺγɺʱ򣬽֮ˮҲȫ˺һ֮󣬵ȻƬˮɵĺҲĩ
ߺһܵĺɫɫıмȫ۵ߺߺı档
ǣһ㿪ʼˡ
Ϊһнߺųɵ֮øɾˣڣߺٴλصǸ״̬
ڳˣûһԸСߺˡ
Ϊǿ䲻ߣ֮дڵȴǴľˡ
˻˻˻˻
Ƭɳ֮УȻһĶߣҶŸߺŭĿӡ
ϻѨ˻ˣ˲辴ˮĲɣ
ǿӵʱȴһ㶣漴һ°ϵϢͬʲôΰĴڣ׷̳һȦȦģԼͷԼ֮С
ܣһƬƬѪƵĴڣȻҲ
ոǲ֧£ܵһˡ
һеֱ̫ˣǵ֪롣

ʩչصĸߺʮֵήңûһ˿վڿС
ǣİôᣬôᰲеһħھȸߺһǿ
ǣܵʱ򣬺Ȼ
㵽׺ͰʲôϵѾˣһħɫʵ㵽ʲôˣ
ߺǿҪϢ˯һ²ʲô˰ɣпǰߵһ˿֧
ߺĻһħһ£ҲȻˡ
Ͼôǿ󣬷ֳһƻ֧嵱һҲǲܵġ
ŸߺˣϵĶԼӴ⣬ȻʶԼǲǷʲôı仯
뵽⣬һԱһʯͷȻһĨǿʯͷǶһ㣬֮Ĩƽˣͬһ⻪ľӡ
澵յԼʱ򣬰Ȼ־ĺôôӣ⡭
ڵȫǰûа취ܵġ
˲˹ģûһ˿ӣ˵ӡ
ôᡣô˵أʧȥԼӢףк졣
޸ߺħͬУǰԼӵģްߣԼڵʦǡ
ǣԼҲط⸱ģ
еĺ޼һϺȻӿһ˿˿ɫϢٱģ
ߵӣҲ˵ӣϵƤ˹ͭɫ۾ó죬ûһ˿ɫ
ͷٴֻεͷȴԲͷ˿һ㣬ͷƯźɫ˿
Ƭɢĺֺߺܵоֲ
ħȻħˣе˶Ŀڰӡ
ϵϢʮֵΣգȻߺܵв
㵽˭ߺĸ㲻ˣҪ˵ǰࡣ
ȻħˣҾأû뵽ȻħʱһС͵İߴӿг֡
ǣȻС̺ȴޱȵǿ
ȻħǾҪնɱˣһħ۾һУ˵
߿һһħһħȻһۿ˵ˣɲУҺòһħˣôɱأҪҲ
ȻħͬһħǣȴֻħѣνħֻϵĲͬ
ǣݻɵħȴͬˣħ壬֮УҲħˡ
ħ壬˵Ǳħ塣
ޣص֮µˣɻħġ
ǣЩ⣬Ǿǣ˵Ϸĳֱ죬һ˿ħϢȻз˼λı仯磬ոհ⡣
֮⣬мµɱµĶ񣬼µİпܱ仯ħ֣ʹ˱ħ
ħ֮֮еõҲûһ˿ˣңȫֲͬ壬ǳӵĴڡ
û뵽ҵһ˿Ѫȴħ壬ǣҲҵ˰ɣǰɣ⼸ȫס
ߵ˵⣬˵ȷǰҲΪʲôħ
Ӧǣµĳޣʹϵһ˿ʹԵİߵѪҺıħˡ
ּʻǷǳСģǶڷ֮һǣߺ˽ȴùˡ
ħˣȫû˵Ϣ
ǺɫⷢȫƬϽЩƬˣֻ࣬˫ʼգѪɫ˫ۣøߺľ
Դ̫ŵʱ򣬾ѾħϮˡ
ʱ磬ħϮռˡ
ֻǿ߽֣ңһʼȻûħǿ󣬵ǳɳٶȣȴԶħҪ졣
ǿһĵͽĽħȥ

ߵĻһЦˣǸ߹ħ壬ôĺأ̫ˣ


549 ʦ
Ļߵ˲ոգ˵ʲô˵ұ΢ҿǲ˰ɡ
һЦҲˣҿ˵㣬Ƭ֮УԵܹомɷǳǿħϢӦеհɣ
ͬΪħ֮ǶԼϢоʮֵ
ʲô˵յҲΪħˣϢðߵˣô꣬߶յ˻ôĿ־塣
εĿ־֮ǰͬˣǰǿ־յ˵ĺıڿǿ־ǵʵˡ
ΪأߣħʮֵŽģҾ㣬ǧҪħ֣ȻӦúܿ͵Ѹ׵ֶΣɱ
˵Ŀ־壬˵巴Ǿ߸һڣڵľѪָʮ֮һһħֶΣϢǣ
ߵɫЦ˶˵ħƻȻˣҿЩҲ׫İɣݵĵǷǳĲ
֮û˿Ĳ˵㰮Ųţȥʱ򣬾ͻڽܾҵĻˣΪɱ㣬Ҳỹ
˵ţȻĽԼȫķȫĳ彥ɳаЦĿŰߡ
⡭ԥˣոֻǲ²⣬ǿ˵ţЩ岻
ּ˰Ѿ˵ʮ֮һľѪҸħ屣֤Ĳ֮أᱩ¶ȥΣ
ڰһջ侲룺Ȼʮ֮һľѪʮֵҪǣ˵ڱĻҲ޿ɺǵ顣
뵽֮һ䣺ãԸ㱩¶ȥҾƴҲҪ
ٺЦģħһ˵ģ
ţڰߵ֮УƯһֱ׵ѪţŰ˹ȥ
֮һϲٵĳУȻٵѪҺһЩѪҺ;밲֮С
һЦתԸߺˣ죬ҾĹǣǲĻǽյֹ׷ɱ
˵ţ֮ɢһѪ⣬ȻȫѪҺǡ
һӹεѪҺȻʧȥ˷е˲߽⣬
ߺһħѪݴ󷨣
ħһѪݴ󷨣ֻĵ岻ͬǣħĸǿҲΪѪ֮ѪҺᱣԭ˵Ϣҵ˵ߡ
ңܹλġ
һѪǾԲܶλģħȴԡ
ʧ֮󣬸ߺ֪ʲôЦ룬λƭˣܣյ˲ûгħ
ʲôСô֪ģһ㶣Ȼʵ
ߺߵİ׳ճ̶ȣܹˣֲᱻ֮еء
˵ͲԼԹôȫɱˣңոߵӣΨֲҪ֪ѪݿҪΪģ
ߣ𡭡㾹ƭңٴʱһҪ
ţβҲٵĶɽѣƱɫƬռ䶼ʼѺۡ
͸ˣΣô˵Ҷˣ߽Լŵߺ˵ϣɱ⡣
ˣû뵽ˣߺε˵һһѹУúɵġ
ߺӴָУóܶУЩǴӱ˵Ŀռָġ
ڣϽ׿ռָ֮УеĶӦоУеУеģҲС
ߺ乭һУͬһҫ۵Ĺâȥǣߵ壬Ǹһ㣬оͬġ
䵽棬׷׵֧飬ûκεá
ɶ񡭡ҿҵĵӣԭߺæ֮£ȻԼʦָĵӸ˳ȥ
֧Ȼʮֵͨǣô˵ҲʦļƷңҲкܶԼúص
ҲǣȻͨǣ˿Ϊͨĸ֣ôͨأ
ҿǻͷˣƶҲóǣ˵һ㣬߾ͺȻͣסˡ
֧ӷɵ˰еʱ򣬺Ȼͣסˣڵѿ֮УɳһĿռ䡣
Щռͬһǣ̺֮ǿ󣬾߶ɪɪʲôˡ
Щռ֮Ŀʼۣڿ۳һӰеȣϼŨüۣĶͷλϣһӡǡ
ڰյʱ򣬻Ǳ۾ģһŻ۾û뵽ڲӣСʦҲΣˣȻŲ·ĽҵĵҲӵˣ
۾˫֮һƬʮֵĿն·Ŀռ䡣
˭Ϊʲôܹǲ׶˽ģ߿ˣûһֻš
·𿴵ΪֲĴڣΪǿˡ
ҡһԼĲӣ룬˭
׸ûߵĻߺУֻиߺܹԻ
ħͬסˣڶԷϢ£оԼȻƵԼ֮ĴӴ
ߺԵ˵һ飬ҲţħʱȻһ˿ȡ
ħţ˵ȷѵãЩħ˻ǿɶǸʱաˣЩҲףԣ˼ɱǸħģǡ˿ռ֮
˵һ㣬Ȼͣס˵ˣǾȵĿ˸ߺһۣ˵
ߺ˵ͷڰ֮иӦһҡҡͷ̫ˣĿռ֮ͲܳΪռ֮Ұ㣬ҵ֧ӣҲֻҪΣʱ򣬾һΣ
ߺеæľܾ
ߺʮֵʧ׵ĿռΪ˵ѾĪĵزָһǾԻǳġ
ǣҪҵʲôز̫˰ɣǱߵİѾܲˡ
Ϊߣյ׷ɱ㵽Ѿǻƽˣڣִӵ֮ܳһҺԼ
ͣѾͬһƤһ̫ѹ֣׵ıˡ
𡭡
һʼŭ𣬲Դߺ̸ԣһ֣ͽ֮һռ֮С
߾ȻñĴָСţŭ˴һ
⡭ħͬнܵľ̫ˣǰߣߵĴڣһǰħ
󣬸ߺȻóһӣгһǿߡ


550 
⣬Ҫóһ֪ٻʲôǿĸء
ߺЩӷľԼʦ֣Լʦ֣ߺûʲôġ
ϾǶԼĺãһ۾ͿԿ
ңҲ̽Լ㶫Լ⣬ǵУȴʲôҲǡ
˵ʣ˲ʱ򣬸ߺǿ۾һ
İ˲Уɣҿ˵ţ׾֡
ߺ˵ͷһ˲ͳڿУߺ֮ԭСģ
ǰ˲һ̷֮㣬һ㻹ǱȽϴģȻԲɣߺЩ
̷֮㣬ǱȽСˣҲǽɣңŴ
˲°ͣһӣɵ㣬ȻܿƵĿСƴС׵С
׿˿һЦǰ˲ĵһԭˣԺ˲ҲǰΪģ
׵Ľͣߺף˲ҲǱǱȱһ
ߺİ˲ȴǣΪֻһ˲ֻǶѣǴ˰˲㣬ҲֻǱеģ˺Զ
ǰΪͼĸǿ
ԸߺѾһĺϢˣ룬УҲֻһѡ
ԼУǶһ
ֲã˲Ȼ˵ǿˣֻҪ˿סͿԹؽ˲֮С
ЩŹְ׵˵𣬻ϿΣѲҪñ㲻ɣ
˵仰ߺʶԼ˲ʲô
һӰӰ˲֮УƯÿһһӰһ޶˫̥һ㡣
ʵҲһˣǾǷʡ
ʲĶ׹£ʲμǰ
һЦĵӲСȻҪҵʦܣҿǻòͷˣ
ȫСĲңֻҪʦ֣ܵɱʶѣ
׹ЦƭˣûȫĻЩС֮УƬɣҪȵʱˣȻסߺ壡
Լһ뷨׿ˡ
ûʵȷûЩߺӰҲȫ֮˵ҪѹУþȫʱ
֮ʱƬȫ֮УĴƬһͿԳɾһꡣ
ߺεҡҡͷշҹûзסһ֪ˣ
㻹̫ˣֻҪ壬Ȼ󣬽˲ͻƣʵıһҪǿжȡֻʧ˶ѣ
ߺ׵ĻȻ˵ҪҪ˲尡
֮󣬴Ц⵹أǶһȺ߰ļһеһЩ嵹ǲǣЩ֮£еСһﶼһƨζİ˲Ҹ˵˵Ҳûйϵˣ
ӽԺҪСˣΪЩСһɲôģǻֹ㣬Ȼеı
漴˿ʣĵû
仰ǶԷ˵ģ׵Ļ˵ɫˣǰҲˣҷģҲˣ
һҿǲײĲᣬǾ˵ɣСʦܣ˲࣬±šֻҪ㽫ĻͿ˲ˡ
ʦ֣Ҳӣʣµô죬û㣬ҿǴ򲻹ģߺε˵
Լ취ȥû뵽ֱӽӸ˸ߺһҲߵʵһǿģûոǾ͸ɴոˣǻδΰ㣬ǲģ
׵Ļߺȴоһ˿ů⼸λʦΪãңȻ˵Լ֧Լ
ңԼǷƬʵڸԼûдﵽߣͲҪȥȡˡ
ʵȫͬȻ˵Լʱ޿̲ҪԼ
׵λʦȻδ˵ԲԼȴǵԼİΣԼûгɳʱ֧ӡ
СʦܣͿԼˣ֧ӣֻʹһΣ㲻ܳɹҲûа취ˣҪ֪ǿߣԶܶǵıӻ֮µģ
̾һ˵
ߺҲ֪ΰԼԼλʦѾ˺ܴľˡ
ǵʦ֣תʦ֣һᾡģʧһ죬۷壬ǻٴģ
׵˵ͷɴ˴־ӣñ𡭡Ϊɡ˵ţָеʵ֮С
һ仰Ҳû˵ͻһ뵽ߺ֮С
֮󣬸ߺȻãڿ˲һ㶼
ʾôʧ׵Уߣ˵ûдڵıҪİ˲Ҫػ޵ĻҲ壬ߡ
ߣһݰơ
ߺ˵ͷ׽ߣҩ
˵ǿʣǻ𹦷ߵǣȴȰߺҪãȻĻ壬˵ᱬ
ʹǻʣҲҪȵԷʵɳǺһصľ硣
Ǹֻ˵һ䣺ȶĪκˣ׽ҲУϾ̫ˣ
˵׵ӰһݣεЦЦʱ̫ˣҵʼЩɢˣҾͰ㽫ͷߵı֣ͺˣ
ߺȻ򣬹ֲÿ֮󣬸ߺʶأԭǾͷߡ
ֻͷоŸԴһβͣȴаβֻͣа˸Դ
ѪҺĹЧ𣿡ߺ̲סʵ
׵˵ͷɹ̥ΪҲû
ǰոտµӣߺҡҡͷҲԱǸӣ
ͷѪˣȻʵĶҲ˱ˣԣҲ벽ˣһֱͷߵѪҺΪͷߣͬ˵Ǹһ㣬ħ壡
ǸߺҪĽϵҡͷֱɱ˰ɡ
׵˵ͷֻһָǸסߵĿռ䣬Ϳʼ飬ͬİߣҲʹ֮пʼ֧顣
󣬳Ϊһ⣬װ˰֣彥ıޣԽԽ
ʦܣһˣٴ㽫վ۷壡˵֮Ӱʧˡ
ߺȭͷģλʦ֣


551 ʱ꽣ʿ
׵ʧʱܵݲûʧǺȻС뵽ħͬе֮УٴγڿС
ţôˣոշʲôˣǰҪɱ𣿡ħ˿Ͽȵ⣬оһġ
ߺЦЦû£Ѿ׷ȥˣЩѪ⣬Ƭȫˣ
֮⣬ߺҲûʲôˡ
֪ʦߵʱ򣬽ⲿּˣԣڸոոߺ׵飬һŲ֪ˡ
ҲΪ˱ߺϾߺϵ̫ˣ֪
Ҳ߰ɣȻȵ߻Ҳûһ˿ˣһħ˵
ڰߵֵܼǴие־壬û뵽ϻôǿˣԭΪֻŻдǿߡ
ߺȻ֪߲ٻˣȴȻҪȥˡ
Ƭ֮мֱ̫Σˣڵİ
Ѿ꣬棬ԼԲǴˣԣӦ˵ħŶԡ
ԲǴħĶ֣óóȻٴѰĻºпܻᱻԷѰҵɱ
Ҫ֪ǶԸߺ˺֮ǡ
ߺĽ飬ħͬе˵ͷȷˣԼ˺İħڶԷԼŹء
ǿٵȥȻûʲôջ񣬵ǣߺջķᣬ٣ڵİ˲Ѿˡ
ܿģǱ˴ٴ磬ʱѾ˰Χˡ
ЩߣȻ˽ǵĽأɱô£ҪѪծѪЩŭš
ߺսȫʧȻȻ˵˺棬ħͬжԸǣСһߴȫ򿪣һƬƬˣǵ֮Уȫɢ
ˣûзѶͱȫˡ

Ǹô죿ϰԵߺңеҲѾˣȻûҵ
ǣȴʧһѾǲСջˡ
ߺ룺ڣǽѾ˶೤ʱˣ
һ˰ɣ
ǾȥոĵطǸطȥɣϾصѾȫˣлħİڣʮֵΣգ
ħͬͬĵ˵ͷãô߰ɣ
˵꣬ĵطʼٵķУһ·ҲһЩˣߣսš
ǣߺҲûᣬڲǺķĵʱҪģǿЩ뿪ص硣
Ǹطȴ˴򶷵
û뵽ˣȴǲһСС˹ѲΪƾԼܹǶԿ𣿡δ˵
ߺ΢΢죺û뵽ЩҲǹ벻Ǵ˵أеڴ˰Űߣ
˵⻰Ѿ˽ǰǵǰʮˣһһŮģվм䡣
Ϊʲô˵أΪ˵ߣһף棬һë޵βҵҡڡ
ûдֻȲݲݵĴһЩ
Ҫ˵òҲȷ˵ģȣѾûвˣһ֮ʮġ
ЩǴ³һϷΣ˽ЦһȻûд·壬ڳ˵ơ
һЩط˽ܴ֣ߺе̿ˮ
Ůе˵ֵزҲˣߺĴȺ֮߳
ôŮأѲǱɽߺ٩
ߺһ˲䣬ǸŮ۾һÿεСԼҾͷŹǣЩŮȫ£ŮΣ
ҷΪҵĻʺǾһҸֵ
ߺЦģֻɫ뻹ǲҪ˰ɣ
ôĵӣͲɱ𣿡
ҲҪӦʵɱңɲôɱģߺ˵ɫѾˣϵʼٵۡ
ǣ漴뵽ʲôεҡҡͷһħɣڵĻѾĵĲˣ
һħ֮󣬵ĵ˵ͷǸŮǰһЦħ㲻ĻʺΣ
ŮĿһħһۣǳ룬ҲӣʺźޣѾֵˣ
˶ЦǲңħͬеǸ˸Сӡ
λСɣôεģҶûأ˵ţŮŸߺڳһ˵ƣ˹Լָ
ģֳɣħǺħҪ£һ£ҪһߣӣǺԸ°һħ˵ţıʼչֳһԷŹâ
СҲħͬУħֻͬ߸ʲôʱּһħˣ
ϻˣΪħ֮ͬеһˣħһҲǿ󣬲ȻĻܱǽܵģ
԰㻹Сɣ㲻֪ħ֮ͬеľħһ𣿱ȫˣ

ߺԭڱ˵Уħһӡ
漴ĿսϿȥǵһοħְɣЩ밲սʱ򣬷̫죬¸ߺûп
ڣ״̬֪ΪʲôħˣԭҲӵǿķؼġ
£ҲΪԶԷŻôİɡ
ħ£ʱ֮ʿ˱Լţʱ꽣ʿ
Ϊʲôʱ꽣ʿأߺԵһ䡣
ǣû뵽Ǹʱ꽣ʿķˣߺʻ̵Ц컨ģǰ޷ѡ
ߺٴ˺ܶʿˮߺΰһ֪ԷˣҪôûϢ
ʱ꽣ʿԼڲһ˽ʱ꣡
ߺǵɣǵ۾ǲë
ٺ٣Сֵ˵ͦ˼ģˣ˶彣磬ҪҲգ˵֯ųˣǱ¡
ߺ˵ͷĵ㲻Ҫģ⣬ң֯ųҲ֮£ԼĳУı
֯֯лȥ֮󣬽е鶼˵֮ϡ
аҲӵģе˶ΪΪˣĺܲҡ
ߺȴΪȻΪ˴棬Ϊ죬պˣаҲС
ǣΪһʺϣܹѹס˰ɡ
鵱Ȼܸ߶Ǹʱ꽣ʿİ׳ˣﻹôء
Сӣɣǽ죬ֻһܹŸߣǾʱ꽣ʿָŸߺе˾иʱʱ꽣ʿȻεһħ


552 ξѪ
ɣһħȶ̴ԭʧתʱ꽣ʿһһС
⻹ǸߺһοһħıУȻôأһֲ棬ʱƽġ
ߵķֲ΢һЩмǸ
һħԼеʱ꽣ʿĲȥмٵĳһֱߣ̫ˡ
ʱ꽣ʿԷӰʧ˾֪ã漴ܵǷϢ˲䷴ӦתԼ壬еĵཻĵطȥ
ϣ
ӰˣһȦӸոսĵطɢܵҡҡ׹
ҿЩûһߣ׷ת͵סЩߺûжǣǵվھħĺ档
Ծħͣװߺû⡣
ߺٴγʱ˫սѾеȻˡ
ʱ꽣ʿҪһħкݶǿܵĿռ俪ʼȶ
ս֮γɵĳһЩɣڳ߶֧ԪҲûж⡣

ȻߺоĹȸոһЩ
æ̧ȥֻĶڹȻˣˮңĻܴˮ֮УӰӡ
ڴˣһħսپҪˣߺ֪ЩȥĻھ͹رˡ
ħҲֻһ¶ѣûߺôһ˵˫֮һ
桤˳
һȻˣһٵĽһȻٵĻ쵽ߺ壡
Ųͬķʱ꽣ʿȥ
ӹеĽɣҵʽ񣡡˵ţʱ꽣ʿͷųֻһߴˣ˿ʽףʱ֮˳
ͷϵʮֵأǰ棬ȻһţǵװΣϵףͬһԲͰһ㣺ˣʲôԸ
ʱ꽣ʿ˫һЩȫնɱһ
ʱҲһԭʱҲʱ굶ҲΪνʽĶƺİɡ
ǸʱҲûгֹڿ˵ʲôΪһ󽫣ΪӢۣΪܣĲ°ĵѹƬɣ
ո˵꣬һƬ״ĹӰȻĴӰгˣϴŲƵĿףЩٱ۰ٸ첲
ǶŸߺŭ𣬲ߺȴǺ⣬Ϊ
ɵʲôʱ˻˵ôķϻ˶ˡ
ʱ꽣ʿеıУϵĳʱҲȻһڷһ˷˵Ĺǰ
ٺ٣ȫˣбأڱħúõһ£ʲôߺʱͷһ¡
ħӰǰûиϸߺˣգŭ޴ӷй
ʱ꽣ʿȻˣǣȴʣ༸ûʲôһġ
һۣߺ˰ʱ꽣ʿϵ˺ˣȻһӣЩʽȫɺ̽뵽ʱ֮С
ſʱ꽣ʿϣĵ˶أһһ£һǰһġ

ߺĺߣһһѰˣںʲôɫ
漴ߺͲٿˣΪĶѨʼˣߺԼҲҪٵУȻĻȶں֮Ҳᱻ⡣
ߺȥٶȷǳĿ죬ΪϵʯڣȻˮѹȥ
γһˮߺԱʱҪϼٶȣȥ
ߺڵλãҲǱȽеˣкܶΣġ
ǣ˵ţԼ޷ȥѹڸġ
ǣɱġ
˳ֹԼˣȻ֮Լ󡭡
࣬ʱ̣˽¶ɡ
ȻߺΪǿȴû˸ߺ֣Ͼħͬаǲֹ˾Ͳˣﻹҹǵ˰
ԣһ·ϸߺҲల¡
Լ죬ߺ˾»صº֮У漷ˮ嵽ϡ
ߺ˿ͣסԼӣȻһӰǰȻץסߺħ֮еһˣԶȥ
ļ˿һۣͷһ¾ΥԪٶȿ쵽˼£ǸӰĺ棬Զȥ
ߺưȥôʱ䣬Ҳû壬ģû뵽ոճͱ˼Ūˡ
˵ôżͲȵҴڰҴ𣿡ߺε˵
ǵģһߺ˳ȲĽߺˡ
ģԼɽȥˣȫųˣʣʹûеõʲôҲᱻЩһＵʵġ
ЩʿļһǣǺ޲Աһźء
ڸߺΣû˵ʲô΢΢һЦôջΰ
ߺ⣬֪ˣջǿԣΪһѪ̫ˣ룬ں̸һ̸
ȻٶȷǳĿ죬ΪҲǸߵߺǣߺȴûеӡ
Ϊƣǹаܡ
Ϣ㹻ȡԼˣߺĻԷһ㶣Ц棺ããֻҪ㹻ĶҾ͸൱ı꣬ԭҲӦõģ
ٶȷǳĿ죬ߺ˸һµ·̣ϣֻһ㵽ˡ
뵽֮УŸߺһҡ
Уı߶ˣϸһʮиߺʶĽƳϡ
ʮȫǽƳˡ
ҲǺܴ󣬵ǣȴʮֵأߺ¸ߺѰܹ꣬̽鵽
λϣһ£λǸߺڱΪ˵⣬ߺħ

еĳ϶û뵽ߺȻڼħ
ãȻСڣǺħɣεĵ֮УǻֻһЩһһ£
Цʲôھ˵ɣ
ߺ¶һ˿аЦָҪѪ
ʲôЦģֱ֮ӵİ𣺡СҲ̫ʨӴ󿪿˰ɣѪΪѪˮأҪپж٣
ߺҲҵıǮû˵أ˼ǲҪˣ
˵ţߺӱ󽲲Ĵ˳һšϵɢϵĺȥ
Щ˲ͱķмˮˣ²ֻǵͽܵĿռѷ졣
е˶۾һ̲ס޵õӿ֮еɣ


553 취
ߺʮ˵ĽЦһǵ֮УĴǣ˵ôüԦģаùˣк³
ߺĽе˶ĬˣɫҲһЩϧ漴һ񣺡˵ȻҪѪа취ɣ
е⻰֮󣬶ֱŸߺѯʵĿ¶ɣԣҲ֪ǲô¡
ߺ˵ͷ˼ܣҵȷа취ϢҲǧģǲۣôô׵ľͽأ
˵ͷԣ˵ĲϾõģƾһͳһѪļֵ˵ˣ
ߺаЦ֣Ϊ飬ۼΪʵĪǵԻˣҴһЩϢ֮еó飬а飬Կ˵ǣﵽԵ˵ĿģҲЩˣԭ򣡡
ߺֻ˵֮һϣƫƫǲаЦһҾƫƫţȻܹ˵飬ԣ
˵ţӰ˲ͳڴԱߣһѴӸߺжһšͽߺõıƵˡ
һ֣ͱħͬв֪ǿ٣ȻħͬҲ԰쵽ǣԲôɵһšƵ
ߺûǲۼӳʲôĿֲ˭ţϾۼΪʵ
Ӱ΢Ͷ㵽˺Զ
ǸסǱ֮󣬺ȻһѪĸоԼΪһ壬Լ
ңԴԴϵ֮гȥƼһ˲ǿˡ
ûѡߺһܾǲԼʵ
ֽ׶ΣѾͣȽϺܳʱˣŬܶ꣬Ϊһ˿˿
ôȻܾˡ
ϵ𽥵ıǿ۾֮ҲЦ⣺õȻǺõҿСӾں˵ĺõôеаأǲ硭
˵ţаֱߺһ˿̵Цڽ¶
е˶ϰΪǣһӰ˴֮Уһ𣬾ͽǱˡ
μϡ
ˣе˶˵ϣǸùĳϣȴŴٵȥ
ϵΪȷǿֻһӣͽˣĿʼû뿪ߺ
Сһ˵ĲѾǣţˣϵ˵
ڸߺĻǿԲţǣϵĻŲɵġ
οҲȷ⣬Ҫ˵ɱ˶ᱦ̬ⲻΪ棬ǿߣһǴ߹ġ
ǣǿ֮󣬻ĻǾеˡ
ߺԴһ᣺ߣ
󣬲ĵ˵ͷ漴ָֻ
ǸߺΪֿԼȻҲĸԡ
Ҫ˵ߺΪУȷǣϸߺ䣬ȫĲһˡ
ߺڲŶ䰡ֻʮѣѾزΪʮֵʵûκεĺ󻼡
ٶȣֱϺ˵ǰ޹Ҳȫԡ
һŵĽ񣬶ûиߺٶȿ죬ٶȣ첻ѡ
Сʲô취ֱ˵һӦıģϵı֣˵
ߺȴΪȻתȥ
ʲô˼һ˲ڸߺǰ֮£ȻӴϵĻСҲ̫˰ɣ
ߺ˵ڶǵɣոҪɱҵʱûһ˳˵ǲɱң̫ԩ𣿡
ϵһЦϷҲǳ𣿡
ңߺһЦ£Ǿͽﻹܰɣ֪ɱˣܣԶˣ
ĻܲһһĻҲֻΪµɣϺɸֵĿЩһۡ
е˶ĵͷڴϵǰûаڼӵʸ
ڣ˵˵˰ɣϷ֤İȫϵָ죺δģǶаֲ죬ú³
߶˵һǺӵġ
ָ߽ߣǸӣȻĻͻܵ١
˵٣Ľѣвһǻи񣬶ڸ߽˵˺Լľȱڡ
ʱʲôˣһСģͻᱻԷá
ңĽỹʮӰΪĽ
ߣͨһĽᣬʲô鶼ˣⷽ߸ӵضѡ
ǽҪٵģĽΪͣͲǰ
ϷĶģߺĵ˵ͷһҪѪ
򵥣ϷΣһֺη˵ţŸߺһСƿ˲ڿС
˲䣬һΣǿѹɢڿУߺȴû˿ĸоһץƿӾʧԼС
ڴаİ취ߺѯˣ˵ֱСһô֪ʶԨˣðײá
ԣߺ͸ɴѯˡ
׸߸ߺа֮Ա֮Ϊаа飬Ҫ뻯аҪ뼫֮أаȫɢ
ǽ뼫֮أ֮ȫĶᡣ
ǰߣǱǰߣȻаˣǣҲˡ
ڸߺ˵Χ֮ڣܹ쵽ġ
뼫֮أûм֮أҪҵ֮أ͵ȥļرԭһ·ʮֵңԶ
һλΪߵˣߺȻ˱ǿϧԱа顣
Ǿֻǰ취ˣ뼫֮أаȫ
ߺ׵Ļ걾ĸ˴ϣںû˵
ֳֺõ飬ߺȻûȤ
øߺͷͷǵҾԸߺźܴĸĹۡ
ʲôǼ֮أϲʣֲε˵ѧȺ󣬴Ϊʦ
ֻҪΪʵѯʺһЩ⣬ǵûʲôɵġ
ߺָָ£ڴ½ģż֮أҲҽ¶ȣǺӾ߽УҪǣ߾ȴͬˣǵ̫ǿˣ
ϵ˵ͷãСֵܣ˵ϷŲ㣬ǣһˣǳɹϷк񱨣
˵꣬Щ˵ǿļһӶۣ˵ģǸϮߺа


554 ε
ϴŸߺȥʵ˵Ѿֱڸˡ
εʣҲϵŸߺڵ¼ٵĴٶȼ죬ߺЩӦˡ
û뵽뷢߰׵ϼһߺŶԷڿռ䴩̲סʵʣѪǣ˭ǿ˭
ǸϼһٺһЦͷұħһĪ⣬ô޷ץסϷģҿֻһЦѣ
أߺȻڵ
ߺ˻һħɫСӣ֪ĳƺţԼȡãҲǱȡģֵߣǿ֪ٱͬʦʱ˳ƺΪһǰ׺֣Ǿʹʵرģ
ߺȻ˵ͷƶǶֵ֪ߣ֣ĸֵ߲֪ǿٱ
ǣ׵ǣʲôԸƺš
Ҫ֪ǿվһȺˣȻܹ֣ǻŷⲻòøߺеȰ
ħ죬ΪæѪеߣֻǲĹǾ˵صס
ҽĴڣԲǺܺڰ෴ĺܣİ죬Ҫ˵ˡ
ǣߺȴǺӦΪΪʣңеҲǱ֮뼫֮أôܻأ
ȵϢڸߺΧߺԪ꣬ȵĽѹƣߺ֮еԪҲƯҪܽһ
ƬҽʮֵĹȻзԲϸߺۣ֮ҲģԣȻҲһͷ
ߺǳƣû뵽ԼҲôһ죡
Լ֮еȵѹƣûĸߺвǺǣҿߺΪ
ԣҲ˵ֿܲ
ҽʻɫģɢԼĹâһҽ汻齦ɢҲȵϢ
ҽҽӿͬһ治ϵζңеʱ齦ҽʱͬһڿд
Ǽ֮ذû뵽һԵߣûȥ֮һȦ˼֮أֱǲ󰡣
ߺ૵˵ħĿһ棬Ըߺ˵ԼͣڰգӦûɣ
ߺ˵ͷħ˵Ҹô죿
ֻҪҽ֮мɣǣҲҪһô⼫֮óǰɣߺ˵
ϻҽôȣǲóﲻɣħû˵
ߺʼ򣺡Ͳҵˣˣû֮Ķ̫ˣҵĺѹסˣ
ħһֱֱҽȻ߿Դڸ̬֮ǣҽǲߴ˵ġ
Ϊ̺̫ǿˣʹܹȥԼ֮Ҳֵܵס̫õġ
һ֮ʧˣǻɢ͸˵ˡ
Сӣһ°ɣΪˣһζܣɲһõ󰡣ħ˵ţȥɵҽɵʱȻͣ¡
֮пʼɢǿ֮ܵħɵı飬ߺ֪ϼһ϶û°
ǿɶ񰡣ϼһû£ҿˣû뵽Ȼôȣߺε뵽
ħеĴǣţҽ֮롣
Ǳ֪ԼˣȻסĶ
һаȻҪӳҵƣˣаɣħŭе˼֡
⼸ֵȴǣаģѹķ
˭ΪҪҲ飬ӦŹңԸĹ˳ڶΪеУΪնǰ;һƬ뾣Σ
ڵУȻһӰΰģԼһңħ
ߺ۾һпͷˣȻԼˣ
˵꣬ƵƯڰУһ˲˲Ŀ棬´ÿһϸڡ
˳Ҳм࣬ǣȴǹΰģӣȴֲˡ
ߺһʱ꽣ʿ֮Уеʽ񣬲Ǵӵٻ
ǿеʽЩаˡ
ϻ˵Ǻˣ㲢ûʸ֪Ҫ֪ǣ㼴˵ţͲΰģȻʹһͽѹҽ֮С
ŵҽ֮УеǸӰϾȻ˲ҽȻ󲻶ϵ˻š
ˣԸΪֻҪŹңԸΪκε飡˵ͬʱҲŵĺɢȥܵҽһɶ
ħǺεҲôᱻԻأޱĵĿӰһۣ㽫еע˵ϡ
ģʱһһĹȥˡ
ǸӰҲıϵĺҲʧʧһɲǣ˸ߺһۣСӣҵŵɣ
һ͸ߺǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ҲǸߺģԸߺĺ⣬Ѿﵽһǣߺȴ˿⡣
ҵţҵаɢʲôı仯˵ߺٺһЦ
ǸӰһ˿ɢʱħҲѸٵĽǴҽ֮гҲ仯ӡ
ԭʱȻҲߺּۻۣǣȴܴһ˿аϴһ˿º͵Цݡ
ߺ¶һ˿аôôģ
治ƣģů泩ҾӽԺѧϰĻ֪ʶһõĵ
ǸӰڰ˵˵ɷ¡
ߺľȻôˣǰЩôģǵ°ƣûͲˣںĸǳůȥȳʲô𣿱һٱȵ컹Ҫȳ𣿡
ǸӰͲߺԹԵ飬棬ǲʲôҪഴҸʲôġ
ߺħȥһﲻǱɵ˰ɣˣ
ħ΢Ц˵û£ֻǻָ˱״̬˳ԣ֮ԱơʵһģǵıҲģֻ˳ʱʹãԲŻе飡
ߺͷϵĺ趺ңǻص״̬ԾһҰǴʻ㣬㶼ḻһһҰ
ħĿ˸ߺһۣСӣȻǲϷҪ㣬Уڲ֪˭˵˭ģ˵֣֪𣿡


555 ĳɳ
ߺһ·ڻѩ·ϣħԼģҿϼһԼڿ˵˵֣ˣϼһ˭Ķ
ǴΣߺħ֮ħ㲻ϵĶԸߺˡ̵ġֱ֣ɴг
ߺҲˡġ̼֣ħϵĵǸˡ
ߺҲģҲһˣһå
ڵĸߺΪǰɱȵģٶȿ쵽˼£ѩĵطٵķţߺǺħĳƺţҲڲ֪Уȸߺӿٶȣɢȥ
˶˵ħͬ¼һԱǾǺħʱδ֪ǣǺ
ȻֻڵĸߺûʲôĻħ˶ǸߺĶ֡
÷ǳǿڵĸߺûаսħ֮ͬеһ˴ܡ
ǸħߺҲûҪ
ϾԷģټǲСǿһʣоѹȻĻΪ
ħ֮ͬУߺþħѶԸˡ
һǲСǿһ㣬һ򣬼Ͽ񻯣ǿκһͷ۰
һξħħˣڵʲôٶȣߺֻ֪֪ǵٶȷǳĿ죬ʹǸߺۣ֮Ҳûн֮ı¡
ģߺûصĿǳ֣Ǻ˽⣬ǣܸоԲǺ

νİħңΣߵʱħѺáߺ֯
ħϿҡ̬£ߺȻˡ
ڵĸߺѾƳˣħ֮ͬеһˣڵħͬҲ׵ĸΪħңˡ
⻹Ǹߺ֣֣ħǺģ佱˸ߺ䡣
ޣңΣɴаħˣ
ߺΣħͬǲҲȡģ
ħ˵ͷСӣҲңң»벻أ
ߺͷ߰ɣҿǱΰɣһһͯһ㣬ΪΪϲ߰
漴ߺҪؼҿ뷨ħɵʱ򣬸ߺԥľͳˣؼҿؼҿ
Ȼħıжˣ㳪̫ˣǸϽҹɣӣ
Զ֮ߺγӶߣ̽ףǵ׵ģ˺ܶΡ
СӣҪҳ㣬ȻĻҸұ֤㵹ùˣߺаģȴһ˿ķȥ
عȣڸߺƳϵģ޷شûм˸
ңߺڵΪǺӾ磬ĸ۵˸ذ
ǣߺһʱ𣬾˺üصˣǣ˵ǿٵʱ򣬷ˣҲѺõԷеĽһ
ߺߵʱȫǱ׵ģϵĴָȵȶߺ乫ˡ
ڸߺЩǸŭ԰ܲԼЩǿȥѰЩıӰɣǽѾһˣæ
һ¹ȥˣߺվѩϵʱ򣬸пǧһ·Ĳװ
ߺλܵĻع飬ûиκˣΪ죬Ҫˣ˵ħңε
ߺΪթħһЩö֮ҲָĲˡ
ڸߺ˵ҪָʵħûзԣϾڵĸߺҲԼˣʧôһ˲ţҲ뿴ġ
ոջصңߺͱǰľ󾪴ˣ⻹Ҽ𣿲ǨӲǨ˰ɣôŸֹǿһ
ոţĹâʹԶٵߺߺһǷĹâ̵Ķˡ
ܵǷԼк۷ľˣѲɣǿˣ˭ôûۣҵҵļ٣ǻòͷˣ
ߺ˵һСӰٵ˵˸ߺĻС
ߺӣ˵ǼôڼŪӣ
С죺Ҹɵģҵĺ԰
ߺȻЦЦŶ԰ǰ㣬ôСҵȻĺ԰סİ
ֵĿ˿ԼĸףףôѾǾ빫һȹһֲͱʹ͸ˣ
ߺȵĿɿڴСӣסģ
ĸլѾүүˣָ
Ȼͷ˸߲ҵ˵ףҪҪĸףҵĸլأ
ߺεĿ˿ҵĵططסˣСӶң
˼꣬Ȼûг٣ԭڵѾˣǣû뵽ǳʱǸӣһ仯ûС
ཱུģʮֵĿɰǣ˭ǽͨĺӣǿɾˣѾЩˡ

ں˭ְŪˣ㸸׻ǲˡţ޵
ʮֵ߰ߺʱ˶סˣ漴ȫܵȥˣһȥǼ꣬ѵͲ𣿡
ߺεͷҲû취ֻڵôôƤˣ
ڸߺĶԱĵ˵ףǰ˵ģҪѹԼе뷨ҲҪѹԼҵΪʮֿŶүүұǰ㶼أ
ߺŻıӣѹԼе뷨ûǣôĻױ¶ԼʵЩ飬һЩıȽϺãڿʼʵ㣬ȻĻҿɲŹİ
ţڸߺĻʮֵӵģٵĻص޵Ļ裬֪ˣ
簮ͷôأֻҪԺ;Բ
һ˵ڣǣȻܵĳʺϣطѾҵĲˣǱйĺۼ
Ѿʲô̶ˣʵߺҲǱȽϳԾġ
ż갡ȻѾɳ̶ֳˣȷԼĸ˵ǰԼ̫ˡ
ҪٶȥºܿͻᳬԼΪ߼ҵһ
ٵı仯ͷϵɢʼı˻ɫ۾Ҳ˽ɫġ
һӣռһɫķĹâǹâҡֱϣֱʣ̫춼һ
ߺ㶵ĿգȻȻΪ壬Ȼô͵
ٺЦֹأѩһĵһ֣˳ң
ߺЦӢۣúúúã


556 ݷ
үֵ̫˰ȫİգǶԹصģ˵ӰǵϢ޿ĴЦε˵
ߺ˵ʲôѲҲҪ𣿡
ԼС첲ȻģҪЩɳЩĳףͿԱˣʲô鶼ҪԼͷˣ
ߺ֮ʮֵĸжͷȻҪǣΪҪһ֮вֻвϵܳɹһ£˽뵽ֻҪģ
ߺĶضؽ̵޸оԼǳҸаԼԼɷһŵĶӣ˰
ˣҲȥλ˰ɣ֮пѾĺˣ˵޴󷢡
ߺ΢ЦĽ̵ԼĶӣ漴Ϣ֮Ǵһʲô˵֮УѾҵĺӣ
ǰҪеܵأҲ˸߲ҵĶԸߺ˵

һֲѾϽʥ֮أû˸ڴǰߣǺ»ʥ֮
ǰǸǸһߺĵܣ潲ߺ˵
ߺٵԼ֮ǰûʲôͬܣΨһͬǣֶǳɱˡ
Լ޶ǵָʹٵ̶ȷȥͬһһ㣬ӱ˵󾭹ǶֻΪ˶ѡ
ǵķʱ˵ЦأСȴƽƽġ
ߺͷߣ޶ˣҰǻˣ㻳еʱһ֮ڣӾҪĴСˣ
ǺҪɳԲѱģܵѾ㹻ˣֻҪ飬Ǳȸߺöࡣ
ǵȻȫԼˡ
Ӱ浽ǶӻǹŮߺյ˾ͽӯӯԱߡ
ӯӯһ¸ߺԴ־
ߺȻҲûа취飬ⶼˣǶӻûʲôһ㶼ͬ
ϵĴ֣ûдʲôʶ죿
ڵĸߺеϣԼĶŮ˵ҡҡͷûУڻڳ˯֮У
ߺʧĴԴԺҵĴˣҪǵܵó֮Ҫ̵ǣǡǣǧҪһĵƤϵĳ˭ţ
˵ͷԼСظİɣְ֣һӵְ𣬲ʧģ
ߺЦúãȻΪӷ緶
ʱһӰܵߺļϣСԴӸߺڼ֮˺ܶ࣬ÿֻ֪ʵ
ߺ벻ǣСʵȻһʵķѾǰ벽ǺӾˣҪ˵СĽҲǺܿġ
˵ˣôҷڼ˰λȥ𣿡СڸߺϷһ˵
ߺ΢΢һЦ˵Ҫȥأ
һ仰Ů𾪣ҲҪ˳ȻڵѾǳ˵ˣǣ˵׻һСӶѡ
üԼĸףոžû೤ʱ䣬ҪˣҲ̫˰ɡ
ߺεҡҡͷҲûа취鰡ҪԼʵȻĻ嶼ģ
ҲΣȷʵڵģڵĸߺѾҼ˰ħңΡ
˵Ȼνǣ䵽Щ˵Ķ˵ĸߺ˵¡
Щڼɵˣ˵Ը߼Ҳ
û߳أߺĵ˵Ϊ㲻Իûġ
ǣһ߻Щʵǿ߳أôߺʵǿĻ׾ͻ
ԣǱȽΣյģңߺҲеҪԼʵĳޣ߼ҵĳޣ۹ĹԼȥ̽ء
һеһУǰңɼľ룬ѾʮֵĽˣֻҪԼʵٽһɾ
ôߺȥ̽۹ĹûȪͼǿԼʵֻҪгߺȷţԼʱʵѾﵽ൱ǿĵزˡ
ֻǿˣܹסԼСҲǸߺһµıǮ
СҲ߰ɣߺżϵС˵С˵ͷСǱǳĴ󣬴ٵĽ֮оͿԿ
СǿˣǵԼһ

ߺԼĸĸֵܣ޶һȤֻ֮ͷˡ
ǰħңľħĴӰ˵ħǲȥɱ
ʱߺأߺҲˣû˴ɱɱԼĸ׵ϥ¾Т
ǳԺ֣ĸòɵϾķԼ˵ĸ˵أΪϾ˾ͽ־˻Уԣޡ
ټԼϥ³лøߺߵˡ
ħĵȴһС
ڿоվţܵĿռ·𶼿챻ѹˣߺ弸˲ͳڰУĶžħ˵
˵ôҲҼҰôվ棬һɢһɶҵļˣͲ¡
˵ţߺ˫һʹӸߺһ˫֮бŷžȥ
ħҲǳǿɢƬĿռ˲ˣǵ棬ûиԷһ˿˺
㡭ߺѾʼĿռŭ˲ڱҳˣ
ħҲ֪Լ˴ˣû뵽ĿռȻôĴֻǵͷų򣬾ȫĽ֮ܵƻˡ
ڶºܳһʱ֮ڶ޷ˣΪܵһжƻˡ
棬ߺļ˶ˣû뵽֮ǿߺԵøӵǿƾǿ󣬸ߺûһ˿·ߺܾǴһƬռƵġ
ˣ߰ɣȥȥ˵꣬ߺӰ˲ʧٴγֵʱѾ˼˵Աˡ
߽ɵ˾ĿŸߺСڵ׵ʲôΪôӣո˲
ߺһЦǺӾ磬Ҳǳ֮ϵľ磬Ǳˣڶ˵ҪľԼʵС
˵ţߺԼõжԼĸףȻԼõĻԼţϾǸߺĴȽΣһЩ
漴ߺ𣺡ӣɱϰֶ˵ģʲôʱ㶼ҪǺүү̣ΪҵĳӣҪˣ
صĵ˵ͷ˵סģְСЩһᱣ״˵ģ


557 ħ
ߺԼѾڸߺլ֮µ߼ǿ߹Ļͻ֣ᷢһɼΪǿһֲ
óóȻĻ˶ҪܵӰ죬
Ҳһֱķǣˡ
ܶߣԴӸߺ֮ƿˣǵʵҲǿ˺ܶࡣ
˼ˣߺ׷˾Ȼħȸߺǿ󣬵ǣٶȸߺǱȽŵġ
ڣεȥģߺھħһ࣬˵
ħĿСһۣСһ֮п̺ǿǱܣңҸһӵϢȻǿֵزˣ
ھħľȣߺǾʮֵĺǲǲŲء
ϾԼ֪֪׵Ķþˣ˵ħˡ
˵£ߺЩȶûлػǵ˵
ħڶЩϰӸߺˣߺٴʻæ˵ŶŶεǱȥ˵˷һżֵǴżȻƯڿС
ʲôߺҲˣҪ˵żڵ£ѾǼֲˣǣû뵽ȴƯڰеż
żʲôʱֵģڶ೤ʱˣߺæʵ
ڸߺ⣬ħȴҡҡͷ֪֪ڶ೤ʱˣΪǸطųˣʮֵŽᣬЩԶżܶ˶֪
ô֪ģ
ģķֲǣҪ̽յʱȴܵ˳˵ĹǵʵǿҲƳϣڼһʱ֮ջǸˣԣܲȣܲƳ֮ǿȥ
ߺ΢΢𣺡»ֻӪô򵥰ɣ
ħЦЦ֪㣬ܲȥ̽һżһò°СҲ˹ʺˣȻΣ̽ż
ߺҲ֪һЩˣľ̽ϢȻɱˣ󣬲̽ż
̽żʮֵĺõΪ͵ӵһӴϢԲϵ̽鲻ͬż
õĺöֻҪһͿˣңпż֮лĳЩôԼʵ
һ㣬ֻнƳӵʸ񣬵ǣ֪ô£żƵƵ֣ԣƳѾˡ
ЩȻȻľ䵽˸ߺ˵ϣܲǿİƳϡ
Ȼߺֻϣħߺһ㣬ϵҪô
ֺ£ߺȻɵȥܾˣ˻ء
ңħϴλа֮ʵԼ˵ʹߣֻҪΪ࣬İ֮£ҲԽ֮ȫĻˡ
ܲϵľȻ˷ˣΪֻдû
ĳ϶ȥ̽żˣϸոջߺô츳ţȻǼϲˡ
̲סҪߺΪһ˲š
Ҫ֪֮ϵĳϣҲֻ˶ѣƾһˣǾʵ٣Ϊķ֮һʵ
ҪСķ֮һǶôǿķ֮һǷǳǿˡ
ңߺпܳԽǣֻҪߺܹΪĸ֣ôһɳˡ
ҪصǰʵҲʲôˡ
ħ뷨ߺ֪Ҳܲ³һţҲҪΪԼṩ鱨Լʵ
˵ǻݵãֶΪأ
ңЩ˵ƢԣȻʮֵսǣԼ˻ǲء
뵱ƮڣߺһŵӣҪʵ˵ļ򣬲ܴﵽ۷塣
ǣȴͬˣֻҪ츳Ҿ㡣
ϲǲںĳںڵʵֻںǷΪǸ߸ϵǿߡ

ûдߺصܲȥ˲ģħš
ħߺ֮еĴкǶ˸ߺ
˵ߺûкһº֮Уǿܻô׽ܸߺǣԴһ֪֮˸ߺʲôˣҲ֪Ƕôǿ
żǣȻǲᷴˡ
ϵĹô£Сֱ̫ˣΪСȻıһЩûԭôˣǣǳ
Ըոһ棬˵򣬸ߺһЦС󣬴к
СԼץӣҺãҽС󣡡
ҿˣе˶ôһ仰Ϊǻû˵֮ǰԵġ
СʵôùأԸոһ棬Ǿ͸Ӧˡ
СĽ޶ûдﵽôأ
ߺ˲Լϵĺ˵ʲôûˣˣЩǣڻܿأôԾ
ħ˵ĻˣôðɣǾĻڿʼ
СڸߺĶԱ˵һǽΪʲô˵ѧ˵
ˣ
˵˭ǽͣ

ߺƵڵϣεĿǰֳ
һﵽûӣǡûӣȻһﳳ˸߲ҵģʲô˰
ߺε뵽ڸߺû˻ӦΪûпգСæһŹսħ
ħҲæŶԸСŶ񶾵أʮֵǢ
ڣߺ̲סˣס죬û꣬ǲҪִ𣿻ȥȥˣ
ħһ֣԰ǲ˷ʱˣҵţǻ֮һڵģ
СһƤåࣺʹң
ȥΪҲ𣿺СĽһѪ
ҿһˮ뽫ɱƾʥҲˣ
ǱңҪɱһҪɱ
ߺҪˣһﻹû갡˵û㣬УСЩһǱҶǿģԼܲǣǴĻǾ͹Ǻˣ
С֮Ȼģһ࣬ŸߺС˵㲻˵ڰǵˣ
ߺĸѩȻ򣬵ǣҲܹԼѣǴһͺ˵ˡ
ˣĿĵأ򣡡
ߺּһγڿȥ˵ôˡ
ڸߺ̬ħǲô⣬ϾѾǺܶγȥִˣ߲ˡ
СſڸߺļϣĶħ˵ǿԼơ


558 ɱ
ڽʱ򣬸ߺ˶ԼķΣǴһķΣϻ嶣
ͷϴһñӣڶϣһ𻷣˵ǶԷصĴ磬ߺҲûʲô취
ڲм䣬ŵһǳĽ˵ǽ˵Ǻ
˵֮䣬ŷǳĺЩֳݡ
һ㣬Ĵ򶼷ɢܣҲɾ˶ϱĴ
ƬǳĿ㣬ңкܶ಻֪ĺޣԣδ⵽ʱӣһǾѡ˴ȥ
ȥĴֻҲ٣һ󲿷ֶǸ׼ģкܶߣڸصתġ
ǻʲôȥǸطʲôĿģ֮еˣҲ
ңһߵĽ
磬ҵĽ죬ʹӺʱˣ˵ȥ˱춼ǣڿпȥ˱
춼пܳؼңǣͲͬˡ
ߺҴʱѾкܶվˣÿһΪǺĶʦ硣
ǿģǺصĶС
ҴҲǳĴվҲԣǣ涼ߣ˭ҲԸ̫ӵ
ˣӦģҪĸǮͶˡ
ÿ˴ԼʮʯȻЩʯԸߺ˵ȫ⡣
ң˵ҴҲǳĸߣ˵ҴرĲϽɵģԺҲԵһ޵Ĺ
Ҫ֪е޿Ƿǳ׺ģңҲûеԣ֪ʲôʱ򣬴ʲôطͻһͷǿޡ
ҪǸʱ򣬾ҪҴϵǿһǿֻʵ
ʮǿģԣߺ˵ĴҲЩ·ѶģҲΪʲôߺǳĻһҪһЩ
ǲصĻҲ̫ˣ˭Ը
һ涨ߺǺģҲ̫˰ɣҪ֪ʹǴУӳȥִҲɵԼ·ѡ
ҲܵЩı꣬һȣֱ̫ر
ħڸԵķ֮УߺǵһվڼװϣŴ󺣡
ҴٶȷǳĿ죬ߺ˵ķȻһ˿ܹʡҲ
Ų׳Ĵ󺣣һĺ棬ߺоԼʮֵĳ죬ֿԽضװԼеĸоĴӸߺе
ĿƬ󺣣ˮţϵĴڴϣίײҴ⺣Уͬںˮ֮еһƬҶ
ߺڼװϹͺһֱվˣһ˿ƶҲûУôĿŴ󺣡
е˿ߺĪߺǰߺвǣǰŸߺġ
ټҴͶߣԣװϵʮֵ٣ûС
ʱӰԶߺǰŮӡһĺߡ
㣬ߵľɫһЩأǰŵˣźǸŮ˵
Ůӵĵ˵ͷŸߺ˹
ס˺ְӴʼߣһֱվط𣿡ǰǸãֵ˵
˵ţߺŸߺһġ
ǣֵǣ־ȻӸߺϴ˹ȥߺƵġ
վĵطߺԶҲһ۰ľ룬ǣȴ֣ԼߺȻ֮Զ
Ǹĺ߿һæֹС㣬Ҫ
ôѵʲôΣյˣķΣǱߵ˰ǸСһ浥СŮ
ߵǰϸĿ˸ߺıӰһۣҡҡͷˣΪǿһǿߣңһûǲҪ˰ɣ
֮飬֪ʮֵϸżȻǱ˴ˣ˶Էڵľ硣
Ļ˫пĽˣ˵ԷɱԼ˶ݵĵز
ңոտСһƣȻûûԷ֤Էǿ˵ѾԽԼ
Ҳ̫ԼˣҲֻһһǺߣ͸ߺߺһоͿɱ
ڵĸߺȻΪһ꣬ǣ˫ศɣֻҪûģʹǶ۷꣬ǸߺĶ֡
ߺԪҲʮֵӴ󣬶Ԫ֪Ǹ߳ٱսԪȡʤĻǺ߶ġ
棬ڸߺⳡûа취սġ
ߺǵһŲ֪ǣߺȷȷʵʵǿռ֮
Դӵһռ֮֮󣬸ߺмҲоռ֮˿ռ֮ʵ̫ǿˡ
ԽԽÿռ֮ǿء
ߺãԼֻҪռ壬ʹһɣҲ㹻ӸֻҪԷûռ֮;øߺûа취
ֻһɵĿռ壬ҲʹøߺĹӵĪ⡣
ֻռ֮ʵ̫ˣԹռʱ䶼Ϊǿ
ߺںȻΪʲôʦ˵׺͵Ϊǿˣԭʦľǿռ䣬ǿ󣬾Ȼʱָơ
˼ֱǿһּˣֲãԼù˺ܶ꣬ȴʱѡ
һУǵڰвٿˣʱռӵ˵ҲΪ
Թʱ䶼ΪǿģܶߣܶôǿֻҪûеһΪͻʱɱ֮ϡ
׻˵ʱһȥ
ԣʱѿƵģǼʱ仹Ǽʱ䣬ռ򱶡

ߺէһ󺣣ȻеĲ׳һ˿˿ռİء
ܽ˿͸ˣôߺͿռİˡ
ռ岻ͬڱֻҪǾǿȰĴڣԣֱӽпռˡ
Ů뿪ߺ֮󣬾ĵطȥˣǻûԶɸϼߴӴ
˵˵ЦЦģǣǰŮ˵ʱ۾ˡ
ģʱûôŮأֵǣε·;įˣ
Ůӱͳ崿ѹЩ߻ᶯˣǶһȺǰ
ңΪǿҲУǼÿһǿ
ֻסһˣʣļ˾Ůȥ
ŮŲ·Ȼѡ˸ߺڵĵطǸСøǻæ֮£ߺײˡ
ߺ˲ʹ֮бײˣʶʲô漴ŭ죬Ŀܵˣ䵽˼£ҿͳͳĲҪˣ
С˭ϽӹŴүѰ֣иоߺǺǿ˵ҲǷǳǿӲ


559 ǹͷ
ӣȾǣһᱨģǸСɵˣǣǸ㵹Ǽʶ㲩ԼҲȣߺϱɱ⣬۾һת
޿˵ñѷİӣǣ⼸һﴹõɫҪǿۣȻӣײӵϣ
ߺûǣոգڸոĿռͿҪ͵ʱ򣬺ȻϣڣѾˣΨԺڵȴˣ
룬ֺޣôܷ
Ҳ˭˭ǣ죬ʧȥᣬҾ;ԲŹǵģ˭
ߺ䵽˼£ٳ˵ڵʱǺĳ̶ȣȻܼװϵĺˮʼĺˮҲһ㱡
⻹˵ѣĶߺǿʲô̶ϣûܹ֪ˡ
СҪͷ񣿡ڸߺûͷҲ֪ߺжôǿԣԾǶԸߺ̬ȸеǻŭ
ߺԴͷ񣿺ǺǣϲʣһγͷֵΣ
˵ţߺ̧Ųǰţһŭ죬һƢ֮ˡ
ԼʲôˣӢ۾ղװãϧƫƫҪ֣ɱ
˵ţһһ԰師ͳУȻ˸߸Ծ𣬺ݺݵضŸߺȥ
ǿĿռ䶼ˣߺȥ
ߺͲᣬֻǵǰߣĸͷߺϵʱҲ¶ϲɫȻ޵ľ֡
Ϊ֣ߺûߵԼǰأԼոԷѾߵǸطˡ
˵ٶ̫죬ҲӦǳ߰Ǹߺȴںһ
ˡ
ͷݺݵ˼װϣҲȷǿ󣬾Ȼͷ뵽װ֮Уߺں棬Ҫγ師
ǸߺֻǵһȣͲȵ˸ͷ棬ϵĺһӿװ嶼ĸͷˣһ𱻱ֶ֮
ѾߺĺȫĶˣ˫ֻһ̣Ų˼
ҲףΪʲôߺȴʧˣԼĺ档
е˶ˡ
ǾĿŸߺصǸĺвϵֱ̫ǿˣԼ˵ƾеȻôɵľڶԷĽ£
е˶ˣǿʼװϻۣҲħǿ֪ܲߺˣ
Է׷׵ĳڸߺԣô˺
ߺָЩˣҪǣ
ߺ̶˵˳ܵҲȻˣԭˣôȺ˾ĸˣһûɹ֪ҪѶʱ䣡
ڸߺɱ˵ɣҲ⣬ԼҪϣǿ±ȸߺ磬ͶֱͣӶˡ
Ȼߺûɵе鶼˵û˵Լռ̫֮ףΪڻû˵µռ֮
˵ǺӾˣǲϵߣǶû˵
Щ˿ħʱкݺݵĲһ£ǣħͬУôǺħˣ
ħͬеţϴ½֮Уûмû˵ģŸߺĺħĳƺţҲһҹ֮䣬ġ
һ£ҵļֵǲ֪飬뺮ħԭǣƹ⼸ֵһʱһٵ˳ˡ
ǵͷˡ
ǶŸߺһϹȻħͬһ
˵Ϊ̫ȻǺصľ磬ңҲж۷壬ôԸߺԼѾǸ˸ߺˡ
ǣô֪ߺոռ壬ͲһܳɹˣֻһϹôأ
ңߺĲС
ЦһЦҪ˵أ
ħٺһЦе޵ֳڣǲǾ͸սˣ
һ£ħͬûйϵɣҪսҲǹƽսǰԷҪ־ħͬе
ħͬл࿴˿ǵ°㣬߸һħͬУǣϺĻǾͽħңˣ
ʲô˼ǣǸˣû뵽⼸һȻΪһˣ¿ˡ
Ҫ˵ߺУħͬеʵÿһȫԼնɱľʵǳֵĻôԼûа취ʤˡ
ߺ˰֣ˣλֵܣ飬ɣˣֻԼɱʹ죬𣿡
ħͬв̵ЦЦ˵ͷã㸺ˣҸ㿴ŵ㣬˭ǸߵĻԵľͲˣħͬУ
ߺͷ̧ŲŶԷȥϺ׺ڣ״ħͬпڸߺʩչǴ桤صʱ
ǹǿˣǲڵĻ߸ûһǸߺĶ֡
ٺ٣ˣȻĻҲ״̬ˡ
ħһλϣħ˵ħ΢Цŵ˵ͷţҿԷĲˣȻǺôȫԾĹ
ߺͷһޱȣһѩ쳣еͫҲǣһŰɫѩһźɫѩ
ܵʼһɺɫıһɰɫı
Χ۵˶ԶԶģսĳ棺ǵһοħ֣ǹ찡
ֹ죬һǳǿܵǹﲻ𣿹ȻΪħ治֮˵

˸ܵߺϱϢ忪ʼոߺֻΪΪ֪ˣߺǿԱġ
С㲻Ҫ̫ˣô˵ҲǺصߣҲﵽ˶ס
ǿ𣿡ߺ̷ʵǿĻ㻹˵ôķϻʲôҪΪǳͷ𣿡
ɶ񰡣̫ˣ桤ն˵ţ˵гһ˳ꪣȻٵתĻһ磬ߺնȥ
ǳ̺֮γһС͵磬ܵĺˮ׷׵ĸ֮ϡ
ߺмһЦ½ϣһĶԸһУôȥɣ棬֮
ߺͿʼѧŶԸˣ֮龳ʱڷУʹˡ
ĺˮѸٵҲʧӰ٣ߺٵ֮ǰһȭǺϡ
䡭磬źһ𣬷׷׺飬ߺȭͷȥƲݺݵĴǸһϡ


560 ֮
顭ߺһȭȥԷ嶼ɳȥԱߵһײȥǸҲʲôƲ磬һߣͽԷ˻
ߺ΢΢һ𣬾ͷɵ˿УԷô˺УҴٶȷǳĿ죬ܿľʹ֮ѹȥ
ҿ˵ʵҲǿ󣬵ǣҪԵǣѾܵβĸߺ
ߺ΢΢¶һ˿̵Ц⣺ƬŰɣɣ桤֮
Ƭʼ˰ѩЩѩո䵽ϣͿʼˣǸΪģԲʮ۳ɱˣңǸҲں֮С
ˮ֮ͻƺѵˣΪûԣҲüǿıƵ
οߺõĿǲ֮һ֮۶ɵģҪƿҲôװ
ߺٵͷȥﴬͷʱǼɪɪĶǣֱͷ
ԭ⼸һﱾܣǱħͬиˣȣӡ
ôһħʵ룬ǾЩɸߺԼϾǵǸߺ
ߺ΢΢𣺡黹˵ֱӽǱ⣬ӵУ룬ƾǵҲûа취ƿҵĺ˵һЩ޵ĳԵأҲΪһ㹱װɣ
Ǵ˼Ļǵ÷ˣйףҶҲ㹱ף
ߺһ֣ȫˣȻһͽ˶˺У˲񺣵׳ȥ
ߺŽı¶һ˿΢ЦתͷŮǸĺߡ
ô͸˰ɣ˵ţߺ͵Ůȥȴǿʼɣ
Ǹ߼˲Ůǰɱǣò޵ĻͰɱɣ
ߺ˫΢΢һУ漴תͷˣɱҲɱˣλС㣬˵Ļѻһ㶼λСôһ°
ħͬҲŹЦ漴͸ߺһ˴֮УǸ޺޵˵һåǽö˸м룡
ÿŸߺӰȻһЦĵǰһå˧
Һ仰ûбǸȻĻǼһ÷ˡ
΢΢һ¸ߺᶯ֣ƾûа취ߺ֣С㣬Ǳ˵ĺãѾˣûеǺӾ磬֪һжôѡǾʵ򲻳ǿŬʮÿԵˡ
ãԲ԰ãŮӹȻһ
ĵ˵ͷԭǺģֲøոնأ
еһУڴ󺣵̾Ϣ֮УΪУֻʣ£沨Ǹôӽ쿪ʼʧȥյĻá
ڴ֮е󺣣Ǹˣ֪ôˣʧȥǸһѹɣңûɱǣٺ٣å࣬ǿɶ񣡡
˵ſɶ񣬵ǣȴǿĵЦ⡣
ĽһԿԼɵЦһԼĶͷСôˣôƵƵɵЦأǲǵʲôˣң⼸ҲûԭȵĻˣ״Ҫ֪ñӣ֪ôأ
ߺ⼸ûгȥվţãԼôŬҲûлˣҪ뵽ռ壬ҪȴԵˡ
һ־뵽״̬Ȼǲܵġ
Ǹʱ򣬸ߺֻǱŹۿ飬ʶĽ뵽״̬ڵľȫĲͬ
ִŵҪ뵽״̬֮Уʮֵǿġ

⼸죬ߺһֱڷĲԼѾ򵽵Ŀռ֮ȻûгɹĽ֮ɿռ壬֮ǰҲǴн
ߺ岻ϵĳԼӵÿһ䣬ÿһγ֣ôͻȻߺվǵġ
ңûһ˿ռ䲨ߺֱӽԼ壬תǸռȥģȻûв
ҪСһССľ룬Ǳ˽֮Ув̫ĻôߺȫпܴӶݳ
ڣߺܹÿռ֮֮ĵطһֱöʮΣͻоԼĻ޷֧ˡ
ߺҲңҿԼûռ壬ȻĻʩչһΣԼ֮ûκεˡ
׵ľ룬Ըߺٶ˵пޣҲֻѽƵȵȹãеǸı䷽
ҲδԵЩ̫СˣҪ֪һΣĵߺʮ֮һ֮
У·вһף֮ͳ׵þˡ
ڸߺʱȴߵŵߺӦһ£Ǿħǰħңεһ㣬ʲôȵ飬ύиȥ졣
ħҲֵˣսħĺάԼСܡ
ʲô飡ߺŴ򿪣˵
ħԴٺɵЦ㣬˵ںΣˣ
ʲôߺ˵ˣ
ûȾħ˵꣬ߺʧڿУȥ⻹ҵһοеأܴܴˣ
װϵʱѾкܶۼˣңûпʲôޣܰããһƬʲô
ô£أߺһħԱߣȲʵ
һħãޣʲôް㿴ˣ
С磬ģûޣ˵Σʱ֮ȣ棬ħٵߺԱߡ
ߺһήˣʲôԭްģȳˣ
ߣʲô֣֮ʲô֪µʱôģ㶼ǱߣǰǸҲվš
̸ߺģеǸ㡣
ߺȻŶԭŮоˣ˵ţǵǰ
Ǹ΢΢˵ͷǸܳæҲ˵ͷ
ߺͷǸҲæĸŵͷ

ܵ˷·עˣעߺǸˣһѾͷٴˡ
ڻǵͷأߺڲͷˣǵͷǶ㿪⵲ʲô·һͷ;ͷΡ
ܵͷϽĳ˺ˮԭͷǸÿǴк
ǸҲͷĺߣʲôͷΣҾͲͷ𣿡
˵åֱûɵӣ
ꡭǸһЦ˧ٺ٣å˧ˣ
ȻߺϴûɱԼˣ֤ߺûж⣬ԣ߿ˣǽĸڸߺ
ĶߺֻǲмһЦԼҪжƾҲס
ߺǸǰ°ͣŮååĽңҿûˣåҪҪҸˣһå㿴ʲôå


561 ̽
ҪʲôǸȻֵĿŸߺߺôǿóȻӲĻҲûа취ֵ
Сãһ㣬ǰرϣߺƵġ
ߺΣҲаˣ˿åˣһȻǰߡ
ߺвû뷨ε˵ֻΪҽһ£ʲô֮ȣں³Сãʲô߸磬ʲô֮ȣ
ߺ֪ǸϿµòʲôϢˣ÷ԼĽٲɴɡ
ǸӵߵߺǰעŸߺҽᣬҽ壬ǸԲγ
ߺԭС㰡ʧʧʲô֮ȣ
ڸߺΰֻ֪ʲô֮ȣʲôʲôҲùء
ţģ֮ǲмĺ֮УΪصһڣ˵֮ȵˣûһܹġ
󣬶֮ȸߺˣ൱ǴΰѪͬ
֮ȣܹû̽ģǣ̽ķΧǱС˺ܶࡣ
ڽ֮ȣƬػصһ㣬ûлǿڴϣԶ߲ȥġ
ߺ֮˳˼Ϊ֮֮еһ˿ͬ
ǾǺЩһ˿˿ĺɵģңߺ÷ǳϤ·𣬾Լ֮еһ֡
˵ֻ֮ضĵص㣬ǣҪҲʮֵѵģңǸص㣬⵹Щˡ
Ϊ֮ȵ棬һ֮֮ȶˡ
ǻСһЩɣ֮֮УźܶຮԵޣǶǱ֮ģһħѸߺ
ǣߺȴԽԽòԾΪҴԽߣоһɼΪϤںԼ
ָо޵ϣߺҲܵǾǻȪϢ
Ѳɣ⺣ҲлȪĴڣߺ뵽֪ʧʧĵ
ң֮ȺصţһʱǺѷֵģǴλᣬǿͬǴˡ
ңȥ̽һ֪ܲܰңߺתħ˵
ߺ仰ǲ죬֮пƽǣ½ϣռ½ػҪϼ
ԣһΪյģԸȥ̽ʲôЩߣǿ֮ɵĺˮҲûʲô
ߺһ뷨⵽ħķԣγִģɲϣߺô⡣
ߺ϶飬ȴûа취ıˣֻߺķԸˡ
ߺһͬһ˿ΪǣߣõԼϣҲڻҲҴ
˿õߺϵʱ򣬸ߺѾ׼ȥˣʼ½
̱۾å˵ԼååŮǰ¸ʲô
ߺķӳᣬǿǵĵףв̣ߵǰаЦôҰ
ȥҲõأֻҪСЩǣẦߣǣ漴뵽Ŀ£Ҳ˲ϵˡ
ߺĵ˵ͷֻ˾̫ˣͷʱ̧ͷɲɵģһ
ɫǺ죬ĳǰ
ߺҲʮֵΣֻҪһСû뵽״ͻˣߺæˣȥʲôӦ˺С
£ᵹûٵˣԼ˫ɵЦͣ
вǶСǣԲǹˣ֮󣬺ȻʶʲôɵÿЦ
˲Ů˲û뵽Сȴϲôһåһˣ󣬷׷ױţԼĶСᣬѾԸߺİˡ
С֪лλòɵӣѾ˶ӣ֪ôأħ̾˵
һħһƴԺ󣺡˼ҵ飬ʲôϵ𣿡
ûС
㻹ƨû꣬ϽУְһǿޣŶѣںУҲûʲôĵط

ߺˮʣֻǱ֮󣬱˱ʣңߺоЩˮ֮УĺлȪһ˿Ϣ
Ȼֻһ˿㹻ߺϲˡ
Ȫ飬һһٵ˿ű飬Ȫ飬ʮĿţ飬ʮĿţȪ֮еĻȪۣ֮֮еı֮Դռһö
Ҳ˵ʮŻȪ飬ʮű顣
ڣߺҲֻѰҵöȪ飬˵ĿĵػԶ
ңȪ鲻֪˴ӻȪͼóȥԣߺҪģѰҵȪб顣
ƻȪͼҪ֪ǸȪͼǿʲôز
軪˵ͼһǾ˲ǧϵ£ﲻڶĲߣ佩
ͼԼУԼеı鶼ˣҪǿʲôز
ˣлȪ飬ңֹб飡ʱСڸߺԱ˵
ոոߺֻûпԱߣһҿôҲˣ
Уˣ㲻֪ҲǿպԼģȻ̬ȣе࣬ǣţҲ٣
ߺΣԼ챻һ²ˡ
ڻȪĸӦСȷǱڵԼǿԣߺҲû˵ʲô
˵СҲǿͨȪģߺǺ֪С󵽵Ƕٽ׵ޡ
Сݣߺһֱܺ档
˵ȪСӦò֪ǣ˵ˡ
ƫƫⷽĸоСԼǿһҪࡣ

ߺСָʾһȥȻߺĺڰ֮Уһ˫ͨ⡣
ѲɣǾǱɫ԰ɣɫģʲôʱǺɫˣߺоȡ
ǣǸ״Ӻڰߵߺǰʱ򣬸ߺȫð亹
ǼһȻһͷ޴ޣɵĳȣͷǳľ޴ʮɵĴϸ
ſ˸źâʵ˵ߺԸȻɹǿ϶ˡ
ƬߣѲԼĺ
ڸߺСȴδ
ΪߺϱɢŻȪϢϢѾ˾ռˡ
Ȼȥ⣬ߺȴǶƬµ˽⡣
ƬΣգС󣬸Ӧһ£ǻȪϢǲģߺڶƬЩ־ĸоˡ


562 Ȫ
СߺĻεĿ˸ߺһۣ˵ˣûԼ֪𣿰˵ӦѾĸо˰
С˵Ļģߺĸܵ˻ȪϢֻո޽ߺ𾪵ˡ
ߺ˵ͷûƬ֮£лȪϢҪӿǣضҪٵҵȪڣ
˵ţߺ˫һúΪҿһ֮·ɣϺȻǿĺ
ǺɸߺţתԼĸӦ֮سȥ
˿ӦʮֵıߺĲ֪ȥҪȴ೤ʱ䡣
ԣɴ۳һ֮·
תĺܵĺˮȫڸߺܣѾû˺ˮĴڣȫߺתŪ˳ȥȻڸߺܣ۳һԲԲĺͨ
ߺ˳ͨ˳ֱ£ٵжȥ
ڴϵ˿ɾ;ˣΪǴ˩סߺĵطȻһͨںϡ
һھһ㣬ֻȴʯɵľңں۶ɵġ
֮ԶԶȥһӺ뺣׵һ㣬ǸɢǿĺǻȪϢ
еޣԴ˲ΪȻΪȻء
ߺٵ»ϺɢĺߺٶȲ֪˶ٱԼӵĹ򣬾Ƭĺס
ǰľ󣬸ߺϲ⣬ҿԼûзεҲûзν뺣ףðΣ
棬ȻлȪʮö⣬ͬСӣʮöɫȴвͬ
ΪЩӾȻɫģ棬ɢɫǿĺɢ
ʮö棬һϸСֱߣһȪˮһ㣬ֻûȪۡ
ЩɫӣƯ棬Ȼû£һƬ졣
⣬ѵΪԭԻȪͼûɢԼӦеĺߺȪ䣬󲿷ɵı飬ɢԼƬ򶼻ɺ
ߺǽ𣺡Ҳ̫ˣû뵽һõǶʮö
ȥãֻһ˲ѣһֵСͳڻȪͼ棬Ưš
ͲǺܴ󣬵ǣȴϸ͸Ƶġ
ǣߺסˣΪڻȪǰȻûһ飬øߺǣȻԼ֮ͨڡ
Ҫ֪ߺĺͨûˮĴڣֻкĴڡ
뿪ˮȻҲܴ
ǺˣȻҴҺеأԡ
ߺһ£ӻǺ趺أ
룬ȻʶԼ˵Ĵ󣺡Ǻߵҿɾ㣬ƬǺأǺĲر֮㾹ҡ
ߺӰ˲ͳڴԱߣ֮һץסС󣺡С͸ˣȥųԣ
Сһסͷ֮Уһ˿⡣
ǺǿֻǺӾѣԱߺһѾʹסˣתȫ֮Ѫȫסԣһʱ̣ȻҲ޷Сˡ
ߺߣر֮Ҳ̫ª˰ɣȻǲر֮Ҫرмأߺһ
ĻΪȻ
󵨣Щû㣿Ȼ˵
ߺ⣬ȻǳɵޣѲɣ޲Ƭ׵ߣֻǻѡ
漴ߺ㲻ˣϾǺǺûϵ
ҪģЩȪ飬ֻҪǵõ֣ߺʵͿԷ
ֻҪʵǿˣǺҲԼû취ǣ
뵽˴˴ߺȥûȪ飬ֻûдʱһӰͳ档
һ˵ģ뷢Ѱ߰ףǣɢǿȴߺļ¡
˭˵۾ߺҳʱµĶ㵨ҳҳҵı
ߺǽ¶һЩаЦνĺУ
ߵ˵ͷͷƬ֮еߣСӣȰ㻹ǿȥȻĻСҽж˿飡
СߺмһͽҴж˿˰ɣҷϻ룬ӰֻͽѣƴСӦûʲôɣ
⣬Ǹеȥ
ߺĽЩȫ뵽ԼĿڣһҾҪлˣϣʱһҪһ˵ǣ⺣Ҳ̫ƶˡ
ǣո˵꣬ߺȻҵƬ򶼿ʼںϷ˺Х
ոգȪڵ棬ȻһȽȽĴӵ
ǹԲɣ̻Իͣϼɣ˶ӺϷϼ⡣
ߺվĵطһطոջȪ飬Ķ
ǱģǱ˷ˣҲһȥ
ߺ˫һ¹аԭȪӡˡ
û˵ֻǵĿ̣֮ݵ˼㣺СӣȰ㻹ǸϿ졭
С󣬿죬Ͽ콫⳷ҪȥʲôûСߺҲǺӰˡ
ٵ򹬵ȥһɵñ˶ˣ˵ʲôҲңб˲ռ˵
˵ţߺһƬı⣬ɺ뵽ߺڣߺ֮еʵһʱ侹Ȼǿ˼¡
ù󣬸ߺСӹ֮гˣı˵塣
ߺĶԺӰ˵ûȫ꣬лҰɣȵʱһٻģ
˵꣬ߺͻһӰӣȥ
ˣСӣҲŹġ
ߺһ㰡еĴָ˲ˣûеطˣʲô
ңԶĴСпҰ
ɫ㱣ңãˣ
壬ҵ尡㲻ܼȰȻ˵
޺޵һ˦֣ǿɺޣԭػҵģû뵽С¶ãһһʵķȻҵҲڱСӳû룡
ߺԣһ˿ҲûС
ˣ⴦ʣµıҲûˣսһҪʤռˣһҾ͵ʧҲֻǶʮűˣ
˵꣬ݺݵĿһ۸ߺıӰҼסˣԺҪٺȻĻߺߡ
˵꣬ӰȻһͻޣ·ûгֹֻϼĹ


563 
ߺϺ˲䣬ҴԱߣߺһӿͳڴϡ
ֻϵֹۣܲħͬб˰Χš
Щ˵ǰһʵǳǿվǰĿħϱǿơ
꣬ǺصߣǸһΪħҪǿĴڡ
ô£ߺ䵽ħǰ棬˵
һħߵߺߣľĸ˸ߺߺԽϵЦԽŨֻȻЦе˶оһɳǵĺ䡣
ԭߺıȫյԼ֮еʱƬ֮Ⱦͱƿˣ˺Ȼ˵Ҫߴ
еҲӦˣֻħķԡ
Ա㱻ΧˣǸˣŵĵڶӡ
ԭŵĵڶӣ˵ĸαӣô޳أߺЦݲõ˵Щˡ
ǣҲǲȻ侮ʯƬ֮ȶǱƿģǲԸĻ޸þͳˣ˵ţߺǺȥ
⣬Ϊ棬æֹסߺħ֣ҲΪ˴Һ𣿸ոˣϼ⣬е˶ģδΣհ
СңɴҰ
ߺɫ˲ﹷƨʲôСңɴңո֮ȵʱôȥڵĹƨ
ô˵ʵˣҿǲ˰ɣôҲЦеˡ
ߺ˰֣ҿɲαӣǳͷβСˣǼңҾͽ֮¿˭뿪⣡
ߺ仰סˣ֪ߺԵʵǣһģǡ
ߡ˲С˹ͷŹ㣡ھٳ֣øߺ˵ʵ
̰αӣҪôƨֱ˵Ҳˣߺţ˵
һ۶Сǣ˧ˣ
ϼҺСϵľ֤ݣùʹҷģȻǶȰˣҲ˰ɣ
˵ţߺħ˿ȴһҹ鴮ɵ
ҹҲǱˣ˵۶ôڵĵطֻҪҹĴڣù
ңűܳЧϣԶᱻմȾ
˵һһĲأȫСĴָСҹ鴮ɵġ
Сȫͬûһ˿Ĳ࣬ðʮһöҹ顣

ߺаЦߵǰеҹ𣺡лˣСᣬȻôάңҹ͵лɣ
ɫͨ죬ϲĽߺеҹõС
˵ָⲻĴһ𣬺ȻһִĸоӸߺķ
ߺѸٵĳԼ֣вϵ߶ѾĸˣǧҪϣȻĻ޷ǵɱҲɡ
˵ôٵķֿˣֻߺȴʮֵĲƽ
ʱˣ˵åҲ̫ƫ˰ɣСöȴң
ߺ¶һ˿аЦåһ°ȻĻôܹԵҵĳƺأ

˵󣬸ߺǸһЩ֮ģϾߺҲС֮ˣЩ鱦Ȼ󣬵ǸߺȴС
ΪһеĿģԼѾﵽǾǶʮöȪ顣
ڣߺϻʱʱɢǿƣȪ飬ߺѹסûʲô⣬ߺԪں˻Ȫ֮۵ĺȪҪǿ
ЩȪ뵽ߺڣǻص˼һڡ
ǣͲͬˣߺڸûб֮ԴԪԣֻǿǿĺѹס
ˣҽȥˣǴһģʲôʱ򵽴ĿĵأʲôʱٸҰɣ˵ŸߺȲ򴬲֮гȥ
ڵĸߺеҪʵΪ֪αǾԲʹ˰ݵġ
ںϣ֮ȵвҲҶԸߺôǣ˺֮󣬸ߺȫûöԷôʵˡ
꣬ڵĸߺжôǿҲܴܶԷ
Ҫ˵ߣߺȫû⡣
ǣħҪߣǾˣϾûпռҲûиѩ
ԷһʩչƾħǾԲܴܶԷġ
ҿڸߺ֮˶ʮö飬һǸߺʮֺõʵ
ֻҪ֮ȫգߺȫþˡ
ȴǿ˴֮ڵˣԴӸߺվͿʼˣ˳˽ȥ
ԣҴļװϾͳ˵ľۼ֮أûа취֮£ֻ;ͷ羰
ߺ뿪Ѿ˺ܳһʱˣһ죬ڿ˲½ء
е˶ڲڼװˣɰĴ½ˣ
Ǵûôϣ򣬼װϵܣңܵħ
ΪǴܵ˵żҲֻԲûżǡ
ΪߺԵʣûа취ٴνǴ֮ڣΪħңεĳԱ޲Źء
СãڻؼˣֵӴϴ
ߣһԶԵطεгһɣվǣڵ˭
ԲʱЩ˶춯صĺµȣӭС㣬С
ҲڷˣǸׯĴС㣬ĵ˵ͷԲ˵ǣˣ
ԲɤӣС˵λˣ
ǣû˵꣬һǿʹӴ֮бǹʮֵĺ䣬·һ㣬ͻữɺ
Ѿкü˴ƣɱˡ
䡭նըһƬϢܷԲĺ򶼱ˡ
أ⣡ߺд˳أߺӰҲڼװϡ
ϵϰ¶ˣȻҲһǺӾߣ˵˵СֵܣѾˣǣƻĶΪûа취ٴεˣ
Ǹϰ壬ߺֻǵһЦϰҪ⳥٣Ҹߺոǣ
ߣΪܹ٣ǴϰܲŸߺܹó
Ҵ޺ãҪķѺܳһʱ䣬ǵ⣬㹻ߺҹˡ
˵޴ķˡߺǾ֧ġ
ʱߵߺԱߣʲôԲͨҽҵϣҴϰ壡
ԲһЦǡ
漴´ֻʮӵĹ򣬱ӱĺʻֻֻһĴ
Ҵͣʮ֮⣬ûа취ˣΪԲ֮ڣߺúӡסˣ棬棬ʮߺӡסˡ


564 ǿ
⡭Ǹϰ屻ƾסˣ˼ŮӵҲǾڲߵˡ
ԣڲҲ֪һЩǣܹһ仰Ҵˣȷǲࡣ
üͷһ壺ôԲ
Բ֮󣬶˵ƬǵĴֻλϰѡ
ոкܶ˿ٵУֱͬķȥٶȼ죬Ȼ˿ڸߺ
Щ˵ΪҲߣĶΪ
ϸȻһʮˣҲ̫ǿһЩɡ
ߺҲŮӱʵȵĿɿڴʲôȻôʵΪ֮Ч
ЩֻеľȻԼҴʮֵĺ
Ǹϰ忴˿ܵĴֻȻ֣Щ涼ģЩĵʮֵ⡣
ıûʲô⣬ǣеķţһģǹĵ֮ãߺʶ
ʲôߺ˵
ʱǸϰ૵Ľӻˣǣǿһ壬ҵıǣЩҵģǾС㣡
ٻͷ˵ʱϰȻɫˣûһ˿ɫɷס
λС㣬СĲ֪ǡȻĻǴδңҲܵ谡
ϰôǿߣȻСѾͷˣߺһ棬СһҲ̫ǿ˵ɣû뵽Ȼһ߹ˡ
嵭˵ʶ࣬㲻ڲ֮ڻˣþЩֻѡһֻ
ϰͷ絷⣺ҲңĲңλүǵĴֻ֮أСӵң
ᵭĵ˵ͷǺðɣȻ㲻Ը⣬Ҳû취ˣԲȥԺҴǵĵؽͲøǮˣУšǵ۷Ѱɣ
ǡС㣬һģԲĵ
ߺһ죺ξһ̨ȽǿӲأ
ţû뵽С˹ʺˣߣڲɱˣһһᱨģǸҵţ
ںҪ֪뽫ߺأǣڿԻǲҪΪá
СŮޱ̫ǿЩУһԼǿӦǣĻûа취ˡ

ţ磬ҪҪһͬȥҵĸ׺úõĽӴ㣡ߵߺǰŤ˵
ȻԷǿ󣬵ǣߺҲԵĲС
һЦˣԵĻԻ˵ţߺı¡һԱ¶Ĵ̴Ӵʧ
ħҲǵһͷǸɣҲǿٵĸŸߺǰȥ
θߺȻӣңǽеĵͼҲ˸ߺԣߺ֪֮еżġ
ῴŸߺԽԽԶıӰ֮һ˿˿ۻԼȦ
˴һ𣬲֪ʱĵ˵ԼԱߣԼСỨ˸
ǰɣСãϲǸåǸåʲôõİڻᣬԺһһɾң˵ʵȻǣ֪ͥΡ
Ա߲ϵĿԼãԲȴεҡҡͷͥΣô͵Ϊպһһɳ졣
ѩ̿ѵʱ򣬸һǶҲǴкôġ
ԲôˣȻ˵ΪУǶʻǺ׵ġ
磬ûоԵֻоԵʵ
ʵȥˣʹûҲ˵ʲôģ෴ûʵĻʹҲ߽ܿ⡣
ǽʵ֮ϵģ仰Զ
֪ԼֻһСѣֻССȽϿԼ
ԣҪǷԴС㣬Ǿ͵Լ˷롣
ߺ˸ոշɳûԶַɻˡ
ˣ̫ʲô˰ɣߣˣԭߺس֮󣬰Сˡ
ߺչʱСҲԱ߸һպʵ
ԣСҲͻǺӾˣʱСҲǸո֮Ѿʼۼˡ
ңҪǣǽƾȻ١
е˶ĿһƬƣ֪Ǻá
ԲϽСС㻤͵ߣСҲ´ȥᰡԼ˾ȻԼˡ
Բڸô죬ֻСǺİֽԲȾɣȻĵģ
ԲεҡҡͷС㣬̫ˣֻǶѣһҲЩˣȻԣֻǹȥӴƵ»㣡
ʱ򣬸ߺѾϻˣСĪҪţˣ
˵ţٵĳ嵽Сߣ֮һѱǽƺܵ˸ߺϢ˲ǿ˺ü
ԭ٣˾١
⡭һҪȥ磡˵ţҪǰȥ
ǽסᣬʱħѾ˰ߣ֪λСܴ󣬺ڹȥʱλСһ飡
ʲô飬㾡˵ǣܴӦһƴǣᵣĵĿǾƬ˵
ǸߺķԸ̾ͻعħ˵
ħһۣ˵ͷģ٣ٰɣ̫ھףλСе˲ÿУСĪȥ
ףˣһ˶ɢԲһ˵ĴڣǾͱˣ
鵹Ϊߺһ仰ûǰĳ嶯ˣֻһмߺˡ
Щ֮󣬸ϿʼԲߣЩͨˣȻûбҪˡ
һȥħ֣ڰƫԶĳ֮УȻǿϢЩϢȻǵĻҪɵ֡
Ǻ۷徳ߣǿʼԶȥ
һ˻ڰд󺰣ںҪ°죬ⷽԲ֮ڣκһߣҶὫ֮նɱ
ʵߣҪλСħһۣоҲ̫ˡ
ҵǿ֪ǣû뵽ȴǿֵزǵһҲΪ
֪ȴǵһҵģΪһвһţҡ
ǣܽҵһҲǺ
뵽Ƿ֣Ƕôǿˣܽ
ƬҵĸݵأԣҵǺã˵ЩߵķˣǸͿмƬƣҲûбҪġ
ǿߺˣܲͻ١
Ҫ˵٣ÿһ߶ǱȽϾֵĴڣŶɽߵʵǱ


565 ǿʵ
һ˻ѡȥ˶ɽ٣˰ԼϾɽÿһˣٵǿһ֡
˶˷Σյģߺȴǲ⣬ΪǰҲֻǾ١
ʵеʱ򣬶ȹ߲ʾ٣٣׶ˡ
ҲԼʵôǿǶɽٵʱǽʲô٣ܹܲȥأ
ߺС󣬾վڰУ̧ȥںڵĺƽҪѹһ㣬ŶƲ֮вϵı仯״
ٵ֮ǰľٱȴС˲ֹһߺûС
Դʱ˿ڸߺʵȹ٣
ҲҿߺɽٵģٷֲߺжǿǱֻǰոߺʵġ
ڸߺʵͻƣѾ˶ĵزʵȴ״̬֮
ΪڸߺǿѾ֮֮ˡ
ߺԿ϶ʹԼҲн֮ĿԣǾȫûˡ
ʱڸߺУͲһ¡
֪᲻أǲ֪һᱻ
ߺΪٶҲ̫˰ɣ⻹ǶǻȪ飬ߺյöȪ飬ŵ־硣
ԭߺձģû뵽ǱԼûнӴȪ˺ܶ౶
ԣߺֻǼˣȪͳʺϸߺӡ
Ȫڸߺ֮УٵıɺŸߺΪ
ڸߺ֮һ˿Ȫ֮۵ԸߺǺѡ

ϵԽԽˣǸߺıǵĮ
һԱȻĶߺҲһɳ죬ȻԼٳȥ
Ҳ̫ˣȹǰɣߺһ˿Ц⣬ϵԪٵת
һже˶ˣԹٹ࣬ûԹٵġ
ǣƬƬߺͿôһȻȹ
ٷе壬ڿлһֱߣǸߺĿռ䣬޲֮ռ֮еˮֵȵȡ
һеһУˣߺҲ뵽Ƭ֮С
һűǽƸӺڵĺӸߺϿʼɢЩܰŸߺ׽٣ٵı
׽֮е磬Ҳϵڸߺϣߺȥеķƾ׽䵽Լϡ
Ҫ֮Ϊ׵֮Լ֮еʣԼĸǿ
ߺĽԪΪֱ̫ˣԣߺô˴ε׽٣Լ׵ĵز
״Լ壬ߺҲǧһˡ
٣Щ˻û˿״ģʹУҲ֮е׽ٰŵȥûһĲ
ߺоԼȻ׽Ľڣǣеȴгˡ
Щʺ͸ߺڴ⵽һûʲôǿԽֿ֮
ߺֲܶûȪۣ֮ΪȪ֮ڵߺһ˿ļ£Լûаٷ֮ٵİտԿס
Ȼٷ֮ٿȪ֮۵ĿˣߺȻԸȥðű佩Σա
Ҳ֪Щ뽫Լ佩Ҳô׵ˡ
һƬƬ׽ٺߺϣߺȴ˿⣬·õһ㣬ʹҲ
׽֮УðŴĺɫЩ뵽׽֮У̿ʼЩ׽ٵתΪԼٴοʼɡ
ģ֮ϵƬڰûС˺ܶࡣ
پǿʹߺô󣬲Ϊ֮µһ٣ס
һ̱ˣһεܱȥܵ׽ٶƵԶԶġ
ʲôͻԼ壬һ㣬ħĺܣΪҲߡ
Ȼ֪ߺͻƵ˵ˡ
ͻƣҲߺ֮⣬û뵽ٴ壬ЧȻôã۷壬ȻѸٵͻˡ
ոձһľٿʼԼߺɫһԲܾ
ߺ֪СټԼ٣ǿ˫ؽټԼһɽ٣ǾǸǿһ
ıĽһܹȥ˵Ⱦ٣ҲֻСôһ֡
桤⣡Ǹߺͻƶʱ棬ֹˮ֮ϡ
˵ǸߺһС
һƬƬĺӸߺϿʼɢȥɫɫĺŤŴӸߺͷųȥܵһжʼ
κζûӹߺİ⣬ԲһɲǾͱߺĺסˣѸٵĿʼᡣ
ߺ۾һưɣ
䡭쿪ʼһ㣬Σƪ׽ٵıⱻߺˣƬǡ
ı鿪ʼ䣬ЩǱ˺ɢУһƬϽ˶죬Ǳȶ컹Ҫ
ϵĽƣҲڿʼ飬ڸߺ֮£еıʼ飬ЩƣʧӰ١
ָֻһƬʣֻĺڿе£ϿʼƬƬѩЩѩ䵽˵ϣٵڻˡ
ոʵûпϢߺʼȹԼˡ
ûиոСľ٣ҲǾ٣ΣˣߺһͽСˡ
Լ׽֮зЦ٣ߣҺΣɣҿܹʲô̶ȣ
˵ţ˫ۣӭ׽һ㣬Щոγɵپôڸߺϡ
ߺԶķᱮ紵
ɣ𣿡ߺŭĲм·Ǽŭ׽٣һ׽٣ʼڸߺϡ
پߺһЩͻָᷢߺѾζˡ
徹Ȼ׽֮Уˣһ˿˿Ѫð
ߺѾԼΪȫķס͵ƾԼվڰУƾ׽Լ֮Ű
ΡȻ·ħ֮һ㡣
Ǿ˸ߺЩ׽ڰУߺŰ˰ֻ֮ʣһ˿ˡ
ߺʱҲȻԼ˫ۣ˿׽ٵ֮ˣ
䡭
һ˿ƻˮͰϸ׽٣ߺȥ
ߺĵĿʱҲڿʼֳˣһڰ׽ĹâӸߺö֮
̡
âԺһȻߺĺڰɫĺ⿴С̺ʵľ
Ȼ׽ٲ£׽Ҳˣ粻ϵȥ
ʧʱ򣬸ߺ֮УҲ˲Ŀռ֮˽ȥָߺơ


566 ֵ
ߺмĽЩ֮˳ȥԼ״ߺ˽⣬֪ƾЩ֪֮ʲôʱܽԼ޲á
ԣɴߺʹԼ֮ʼԼ֮е޲ģߺѾʼָ۷ˡ
ߺԪ֮֮Ҫ߼ңǺԸߺѾս˵òİ취ˡ
ǣҪ˵׵Ļָǲ̫ܵģϾߺʵް
ߺȻӲףңе˶ˣЩҵļҽ
δŵģû뵽Ȼ˳ɹˣǿ١
СֵܵߺߣˣεǺ簡
ߺ¶һ˿аЦϵͷųЩеĵط޸ңһֱԽδģ¡ˣһֱģ£δԽˣ
尵һ䣺ǷӣȻô顣
û£ҲЦǺǵǰһͷβķӣѻһå
˵꣬㿩Цûꡣ
ԲעŸߺƽ֮ˣԲ£û뵽һȻǿ̶ֳˣ׻Ҫſϰݣ
ߺħ˻֣ħ⣬׷ҵλСǣȻߺȥ
ô򵥳ɹĶȹ٣ߺҲǸ֣Ȼĵĸһǡ
ɫǺ죺һͷβå
ЦʲôԼãѾûа취ˣ̲סڴ
ûЦ
ûЦߣЦһ仨ˣûЦʲôЦ
ǿޣֲñ˶˵һЦƵģԭʹǵСģ

ߺ˿ٵڿзУеĵǴżһЩ˵Ǿأιĵһ񣬾Ǵӳн˾ȳ
ڶͻƳķߣż֮У㶼Ҫ
ߺ˵ĿĵصʱѾٽˣĵǱһׯ
ǳԷʱأȻһԷģңʳش󣬿Щֻǻߣû뵽ŮŮÿ˶Ҫʳǧˡ
͵ٽʳøߺ裬˺üٽ⣬˵ֻǳһɱ
ֲЩ˱ǳأԭôܳԣ
һħСڸߺĶ˵ߺҲǾȵĵ˵ͷ
ڣԵ̫࣬ʳҲͺܶ࣬ÿһ˶ǷǳǿߣԽǿҪʳԽࡣ
ңǶģȻûһߡ
Ҳ̫ˣΪʲôһҪأҸֵǣһ߶ûпħ˵
ߺǲĿһۣû뵽Ҳôľˣ
Щ˵ԼĻԸߺ˸ֻǿǳ극֮󣬾ͽȥ
ߺһһħ̻⣬ĵĸǵϴŵǳ˵Ĵ
ټڶ棬Ȼû˷֣Ҳѹ֣ߺ˵Ϊʵ̫ǿˡ
ǿҲֻǶߣлһġ
ߺ˿ǺӾǿߣˡ
ģʼܶ˳ˣǻһ𣬸ߺ˵͸ӵˡ
Щ˵ȥʲôģħߺ˴
ߺ˲ɫĴˣ̶ǻѨһ֪ˣ
˽һʱ·̣ڵĿĵأǵǰһСɽɽֻаɵĸ߶ȡ
ɽϿգƯһ޴壬ǰԲεĶһĹ
ǸĹɽӵľ޴󣬴ԼԲǧɣնڱˡ
ǸҲ¿϶ǴеĿĵˣߺ̧ȥǷĹһۡ
ǣҲһۣͱ¶ǵݡ
˭֮ˣû˸̧ͷʥɽǵ˭Ȼվǰһ˶Ÿߺ˵
е˶ʼתͷߺȥ
ߺû뵽һͽԼ˵ݱ¶ˣǼ˵ЦЦ彥ĿʼƯڿС
˵ץҵˣȻ˭ߺ˵
Ǹ˳õǺͨЩԵЩˡ
ϰڱһƤ°ҲĹƤϻŸͲʡ
ߵ棬һᱻΪûпӣӶԷԿԷǲδ
ŶԭЩ֮˽ͬǽҲΪ˾ʥɽļƷɣңץ
˵ţ˶Ÿߺһ֣Щ˾Ϳʼߺ
Щ˵Ϊߺ˸ͲУֻ֮ϱһͽЩˡ
ôҸһЩôǽҵĻΣߺ˵
ߣ룬ΪʥļʦԲǵĸƷ峤Щ˾ͽˣ
˵ţǼʦָеһˣǸ˳õǺᣬߺû뵽ôˣȻһ峤
˵˵ͷǣʦˣ
˵ţһ֣߳׳ġ
ûǹС
ÿһ˵϶ļ⣬ǿǣߴĺ;ħһߴ󣬸ߺ̧ͷǡ
ֻЩ˵ΪǺǿ󰡣ҲֻǺһصľ磬˵Щǲܰ⼸Ŀǰ˵Ů˰ɡ
Ӧð⼸Ů˵аǣߺľǣЩսˡ
ҹߺ˫һһȭһȦεĲӸߺɢǼŮ˺ɳȥ
ߺߵǸʦǰһץסԷĲ죺ңǼǣȻĻҲΪǵʥɽ㱦
ŸߺԽԽصɱ⣬Է֪ߺһǿЦģȻùܶ˼ǣֵԼϵʱ򣬷ǿ־ˡ
ǣǡʥɽ֮µɽϣʦ˵
ߺһЦǺð㣬ǹȥɣһ·ϱֲãʱͼݣ
ҶҶǣ˿𿿽ң
峤¶һ˿Ц⣬˵ǣǵļʦˣϣܹƽ
ʦ峤Уһ˿־壬峤ôģոΪʲôңĻȫʵǻ˵ģ
ʦˣˣҲûôǿһУҪ컯ˣԸ汣㣡
Ǵ峤һЦ˵
Ǵ峤˵Щʱվ˵ǰԣȻû˷Ĺ졣
ߺĿһĴ峤Сӣеĵ״ʲôƣ
ʦ˵ЩʲôߺһƾϣӰģ뱻𣿡
仰Ȼãߺո˵̱Լ첻˵ˡ


567 ѪԿ
ߺеļʦǿνʥɽȥһ·ϣߺûзʲô쳣ǣոս뵽ʥɽʱ򣬸ߺڲһ˿ˡ
ΪǸоһصϢڸԼ
ң뵽ʥɽʱܵȻʮֵĴ󣬸ߺоԼ˺ܶࡣ
һ˲ˣΪʲôЩѡ壬ǿʣЩ
ЩȻ;ħˣҪء
ߺ뵽Ǿʩչ򣬻ʲôĽ
ǼʦʧȥԼĳǣٲȻˣߺôʣôص
ߺ˼ʱʦг㽣һҴңԶĹż֪֮ģʥɽҪѪͻΪ忪õδ
أߺȻֺܲõ뷨·ʲô
ԣÿһ£һߵѪ棬ϣѪԿףδ
ߺһ񺮣û뵽ǾȻݵ̶ֳȣ˵˵ɣ˶ˣ
Դʱ򣬽ĹżҾͿʼˣڣѾҪʮ˰ɣ
ߺؿкŻ棺ôЩôõģ
ȻƭˣֻҪܴﵽǵĿģʵĹԣʹɱˣҶ˵ϧ
ʦ˵ʱѾԵЩˣϵЦ⣬˿ͬħһ
ž
ߺԥĸһƣһûԵ壬ΪԼǿȴȥˣôȥأ
ˣ˭ܹƬ磬ʹǿʢˣʲôأ
ž
һǾħģûأȻ˵һݶˣѪӿ
һӣһħ
ħԱߴŴΪԼܣֱӵ飬ߺʲôط顣
Ȼ޵ļң۹Ǹ޳ܵڣΪԼٻ󣬾ȻϧԼ
ǰһͬ뷨ͬ
˶ô˽ϧԼ˺˵ҲҪԼ档
ģߵɽϣﱻߣǵ϶ǴƵˣߺһ۾˳
Ǿǲ֯Ƴϣߺʵ
ء
˵ߺŭ漴ӦŶŶǵ챻أ
ϵ⿪Ǽ˿ߺˣ׷񣺡ݼħͬСλǣ
ʵǲ֪γƺߺͣ£ħ˵ܲƳϣħںһ飬ǽаħңΣ
ôᱻģոҿһǵûʲôģߺڽԼ˵ˡ
ֻǼŮӣǵĴ峤أΪˣǼ˿бϢߺһ
ʲô˵ǸĴ峤
ʱ򣬸ߺǸϢȫı¶ˣҲˣ
ߺĿǸˣõмֿΣʮֵĸֻԷΪҲֻǺӶصľѡ
ħǧҪС棬ûа취ȫųԼʵǣ˫޵ģΪѾĵزΪǿˣ
Ǹŵ˵ǿ˵Уһ˿ֲ
ҪҪҪһܣߺаЦ˵갡ǿ󰡣Ҫһҵأ
ѼʦңĴ峤֣û˸ոնԼʦİ𾴣ȻҪһһ㡣
ʦ⣬ڸߺдҪҪ벻ҪҽҴӦǽʥأȫӦֻҪ㲻ǽ
Ǵ峤ȻЦˣЦôĲãǣȴ͸¶űݣôҲẦ𣿵Ҹոճã㽫ҵĸϼ̨ʱôû뵽нأ
漴Цֻ۽ѾһεξӨˮҸ׵Ǵ峤ֱʹ֮£ҵĸ˼̨
ʮ꣬Ҹ׽汲Ĺңû뵽ǼҵֹתƵģֻҪĹͬ
Ҽ˵ĹȫĽ뵽ҵ֮УҲ˳ĳΪһţǲ֪Ҳţǿ汲Ļܵʵɾ͵ġ
˵Ľ⣬ߺˣֻǶʮ꣬ȴӵ汲ġ
׹Աഫǣഫ֮Ǹ˾ͻԶĻɢ
֮ôܲǴأԣһǾԲὫģǷһ֮С
ǳ汲ˣƻʮ꣬ҲǴ¡
ѡһ·ģҲһ
һ꣬һŮమˣ飬һˡ
֮Уû뵽ʦû˻Ůӣɷ˵Ľ֮ʥɽ֮ϣ֮ˡ
ĺӣʱЦ˵Ȼõˣû뵽һȴɹĽ͸棬һ˵ģ
ϣСѡԼ̳
ɲΪңҲǾסʥɽ֮Уٳ
ңʦҲ뷨һֱء
Сʥɽ֮УԪͻᱻѹƣԣߺڽ֮ߵʱ֪ˡ
ոǷΪ֪䵽˵Уһʲô³
ߺǸСееļʦ𣺡û뵽û뵽Ȼ̶ֳȣӦʳˣСӣס
˵ţһ㽫еļʦСȥ
峤Ѿ棺ллллû뵽䵽ҵаѣĶУΪԼˣ
˰峤췴ˣǼʦһ뿪ߺʱ򣬾Ϳʼ
˶ˣǰ״Ҳ֪Ǻá
ʥҫնʮأճҫǼʦȻ˵ǹżϵĻع٣ɱͽ
д񶼼ˣɱɱɱ
ߺ˼ŸոǼʦ˵ĻҾһҾ仰⣿
ߺȻɹѵеĴ񷴵ߺ
峤һӣ˸ߺǰŲ峤һ䣬ţͽĻȫ꣡
ǣûǣǰţϵҲʼ
峤бˣߺһѽʦô˵Ҫ鷳ˣ
ڼʦУڵĸߺħһˡæ˵ͣ£ǵĻҲ޷ǰν˼桭


568 ɽ
ʦȻģң˵ڴ֮УҲǱȽŵģôһ˵ǹ治ˣǿŸߺ
ǵҪߺˣ˵ʲô
ߺɤӣģǽʽѾ˼ʮˣǣǲ岻ûʢļ󣬸Ǳ˶ӣҪǣǲ֪ô£
˶࿴һۣøߺ˵ĵмֵЩȻǵĲÿ궼ֻǵĵȷȷûʢļ
Ҳߺ˵ÿ춼ҪַЩ볹׵Ĵݻ壬ΪǵĴڣصвܱߵİȫ
ߺԼĻãеļʦٴӸ峤ΪһжʦĴȵ˼Լһٻ֮ţ
ͣǾ仰˼ʲôһϵĴɻʵ
ߺҡҡͷǳȥˣ֪˻˼һǼʦ˵ģֻǱ˼ǵ˵ģ
˵ţߺŴ峤ʹɫ峤⣬ߺ޵һȭǼʦϣ˵ģһ˵෴
ûΪ˵ǣɱʮص˼ǣսʮأ˻Ի͵ĳɾͣڸǣҪе飬ҪľǼŬϵķܶ
ߺһ˵Լ˼е˶ãߺ˵ģȼʦ˵Ŀ׶ˡ
ǰȻҲлɣǣûôɹԭû˼룬Ѿʮˡ
ǣߺǰǲѴ֮ͽȫܣʵʵΪ˵ߺԼʵҲš
峤ıӻѾûκοԵߺ˵ˡ
ǣ峤ȴΪߺ޻壬ô˵ĻʮصĽӭ

ڸߺ˵ľȰ֮£ЩڷԼеıУ޳һţ֮Укܶ࣬ʧȥԼˡ
ٿʦɫʱѾɫˣҴ𣿲ԣûֻǰ˼͸Ѱ˵ΪҵٻʲôҲΪԼʲôҴˣǴˣǶˣǾȻˡ
峤Ҳ޷ˣ˫Ŀһɣϵ̼Ӵ˼֣Ϊ֪г뱯Դͷ죬Ϊһһˣ
ҪʲôɱˣߵĴڣ峤֮ϣʦĿֻš
˵ʲôҵͽ꿪ʼˣʲôҵأһ֮˵ûʲôǲҵģȥɣ濴ЩΪǣǻúõдģ˵ţ峤ֽϵľҲʼĲ֮ϡ
Ǹһʹİţȴ޼£ļʦ˴峤С
Ȼ󣬴峤񻹾òޣ˫нʬ߸ߵ𣺡Ϊҵĸףҵ޶㣬ʹ˻Ϊĩɣ
˵ţ˲ڿУ˫ֲϵĻϣ濪ʼһĳְݡ
һ棬ǲϵ͹󣬵峤ʱ壬Ѿĩˡ
л㣬л㣬߳ħ֮УΪԸǽʥɽ֮УҲ֪˹֮ż
峤֮󣬶Ÿߺһñϵ˼Ц⡣
ߺĵ˵ͷЩ񣺡Ǹô죿
ҡΪ㵲סġ
ʱ򣬴֮߳һ߳ҡҡͷˣϴ峤Ҳϴ峤峤峤飬Ҳйһ֮ԣҲôı緢ͬ⣬ǽƬż֮У
ߺ΢΢𣺡лˡ
˵ţͷҲصȥ˵Ȼһ磬ЩҲǿ֮ˡ
ǣ֮Ҳпɺַ֮»ҫҲʦûˡ
棬һˣܺ߰ɡ
ʧȥԼĸףʧȥԼ޶󣬻ҪΪʧȥԼ

ߺɽѪ߰ߣÿһƬһϧȴֻһΡ
ôߣôȥħ˵
ߺĴ˿ȻվһطǸطӸոտʼߺ;ڲͬˡ
ǸطĳڿƯģطǷǳصҪ볾Ưûпܡ
ǣǸطȴ쵽ˣߺ²⣬طһǿȥĵط
ߺովֹסƯȥܵķһ㣬ܵļطǱܵҪСϺܶ౶
ߺٵƯħ֪ܲΪʲô׷վ̨ȥˣƯȥ
ߺ彥ĽӽǰԲεɽ壬ǣǰʱȴûʲôͬ
ץסɽ壬忪ʼٵǰԲεȥ
ԲζǵģһķĹǣߺھĵط֣طɽӲʹԼҲô׵ƿ
ҲûʲôرĵطʵؼӲȴӯޱȣңЩ֮УûнԪأҲ˵Ǵʯͷұ
ߺվǰԲεϣƽ棬ɵÿЦطżǸʱһ䳡ɣ
ǵϣȻʮֵƽǣеطҲսĺۼд˸ߺԶ϶طս
ңͬˣÿҲûĸ
ħҲˣΧԲεɽһȦҲûʲôͬҲûзڡ
ȥɣߺ˵
ꡭħϵĴŴʲôүǿɸոɣܸЪɣ˵ܿʲôأ
ߺҡҡͷб
ħǣΪʲôɽƯţ
ֻǷѣ̨ʮֵǿںЩطַװãطжѣطֻģţкܶɽ壬󼸱ǣ෴ɽλãȴǴĳ棡
ħƶǶҲ˵װæˣûкôȥôԶĹΪʲô
ߺ΢΢𣺡ǻȥôǾȻȥɣҪ򣬿ߣжǿ󣡡
㲻ȥˣߺĻħһ죬ǶףߺһʼԸΪʲôȲȥˡ


569 
ߺǲȥˣҪ̽żѣԼȻҲûǣò׳һΣߺ룬ѵôĿֶ飿
ԣߺ̽һЩżңҪԼʵͻƵǳǿľ硣
Ҫ֪ڲԼҲǺ٣Ѫţڡ
Щ󱲵ʵȻߺȫУǣǵǷǳǿģһͿԽԼ
ԼûҲֻпԼʵȹЩˡ
һǸߺڵı飬ߺҪһѹסЩһսʮֵѡ
ڸߺ뾡Ϥ֮ܽе뵽Լ֮С
ʹ飬ߺҲô鷳ˣһ飬һЩˡ
ȾҪԼ
ߺȻѾﵽ˶ףǣǿȣ꣬ߺԱ⡣
ԣڵĸߺѾȫԼˡ
ֻҪһߺʵͻɱӣ֣ǺӶؾ磬ԿЩǺأĽҲʲô¡
ڣڸߺΪ˵ΪҪΪǿǵıԴˡ
ߺǱħСûдĵطȥѡһȽƫƧĵطȥˡ
ߺ²ĹȻû治ֻһطνʥɽҲǷĵط
䳡֮£ִڡ
ħЩˣҸ˵沢ûʲôҪ̽գǰɡ
ҽߺĲ²ǣпȱĵطʲôʥĵط
еˣŷŵȥˣȻҲƬ䳡սĺۼ
ǻڲäĿ֮ԣô˵ҲΪʱ
峤ߺûоҲûа취ǴĹһЩžΪãδΪ˼䡣
ҺãǼһҲĵˣǻʮ꣬ɭȥҪһ˰ȥҪټκˡ
ԸǲʵֵģΪķǸߺķ
ߺǸʱԼ򣬵ǣٳûнɿ࣬ȻҲ˸ߺ
ϯضžյû뵽ԭ뾲ȥأû뵽ȴ㣡
ߺ΢΢һЦеľյһãҲȱһĶ֣
Сڵϴһʶ˵ˣ̫̬ˣҰ㣬ǾԲģбŰ֢
漴˯ߺεĿ˿ࣺ˰ɣڵ״ûκ˻Ƕģ
Ҳѹ֣ԭСǲ¸ߺĺģǣߺԼ֮еΪȪʱСûʲôӦ
ǣߺʹó֮ʱ꣬ǲ֮ꡣ
СЩԲˣڸߺУߺ֮еıͷųһЩʱСȫܲˡ
ǣߺûжĹϵԣС˰ŰĶ
ֹȻ˼ȻĳﲻԸ⣬µԸ㣡ཫеľһվ˵
ߺĿ˶Էһۣ㲻±Ű
Űֺηҽ֮ˣܹԼĶˣһУҸ˰Ҹ˻أң㲻֪ұҲһսˣ
˵ţ¶һ˿ЦݣŸߺûߺȥȭͷߺϴȥ
ȥ̫˰ɣôҲҪ˵ţߺ˫ڵһġߺŷ漱ٵķȥ
һȭ˵ϣغȻһ£ȻǸطʼѿˮǸطðǸطе߳϶ȫһȭľˡ
ߺ΢΢𣺡ȻҲҵĻɣ˵ţߺֹסԼ˵壬ȥ
æ˫ֿ֣Ÿߺһȡ
䡭ռ䶼ʼһľӣҲȫ֮С
Ȼǿ徹ȻҲǺӾ磬ֱŰ֪ǼǶµģһΪǼҵĹأ
ӵ´ܳȵ˵ߺ࣬Ȼߺ곤꣬ǣʵȴûмֲࡣ
ѹߺֱ̫֮ǿˣʹûǺڰɫ꣬Ľ׵
ټɫĻӳĽҲ֣ңôߵԪΪȴ
һܹ˫޳ɹģǣǰһӡ
ǾǸߺԼʮ䣬־硣
̫ɢˣһȥߺȻ˵
Ҳˣ΢΢һ֪ߺ˵ˣȻ˵ԭ˰ͿǸ䳡ʮ
˴˼ߺû˿Ĳ˼ǵЦôһȥôأȥһΣ
ҲãȻڱ֪ʥأǣľηô׸ĵģҲˣ
ߺ˵ͷҲģܴ
ãǾȥɣ

ߺ˱䳡֮ϣʼĶսֹ֮ǰ̽
ǿģԪΪʮֵأȻܹնԷԪΪãǣ˸ߺҲͷ
ȻܹȡߺԪǣȴòˣԸһЩ˺Ϊеĺ̫ںˡ
򣡡ʩչԼ򣬶ߺȴ֮Уû˿ľš
ܵΧ֮еԪճȥɢڿС
һߣңƿߣһӣЩ˲佫ߺ
ٴһӣЩͽߺԪ˳ȥ
ߺĸַΧ꺣֮е겻ϵתһ˿˿֮
ڻ꺣֮Уɫ·˷һ㣬ܿʼѩЩѩ֮
ɰɣҵ򣬼򣡡
ߺ˫һ˫ļתøߺӵԼ
ڸߺܣԲ֮ڣʼѩ
Щѩӵвͬɫɫɫཻ棬һ˲䣬ڸߺܵľ򣬾ͱߺļƵˡ
ܲסߺ⼫ľԺ䡣
Ǻ䵽Ϣ¶ȣκһֻ߽Ҫ֮ߺᱻϡ
ΪһܣңߺԼƺʲôͬʲôͬߺڻû


570 ˫˫ͻ
ߺԳһƬأƬ֮У֮ԶƯŶѩΪɫΪɫ
ڰ׽棬һʮֵֵľǰҲǼΪ־塣
Ϊڸոոߺ͵һɲǣоһʮصһ¾ͽԼ
֮еһЩȻ⣬ǼˣȫıָоΪԼļҴ
ǣȴԼļҴİѸ٣׵ĽԷΪãôôǿں
оеԼҪԼȥһ㡣
ߺЩȴ֪ںĽ׶ء
Լ֮УƬصԼƬеĶžԵƿȨʲôֻҪԼ֮Уܿһ
ˣеĺֻҪߺһǾͿŸߺת䣬
ߺһת֮У̳ʮЩޱȣڿʩչŲͬ
ЩǸߺʹùģʼ齣ʹõϽ
ÿһֶͬڿиΪսս漴ߺһתһڿС
ǵڿʩչ˸ֵߺһʱִ˲ˡ
ֹȻǿСܸʰ·磬СѾǺֵĶˣЦ˵Ҫ˵ոߺԪ
Ԫǿϣ˲£֮ϣ׵ˣΣ֮ϣǰܵһͿء
ܣΨһȸߺǿģҲĹɣ˵ʵʵʵԼġ
Ҫ˵ŵĻҲȷţɱˣ£һЩ꣬ȫԱˡ
ֻǿϧЩޣиİ취ͲԸЩˡ
ǸʱֻҪԼĳˣʧϣԼУΪԼµԩˡ
Դ˸ߺҲ˵ʲôֻǵĵ˵ͷʲô飬㾡Ҿǣţһطһʱ䣬ʹҲڲģ
˵ͷߺѾ˵御ˣߺûʲôǡ
ǸߺȥǵĻ˵ڵǻ֮Уŷ˵
ҵǡѵ˵ǷŲԼˣܹµĻ˵ͳɹɱˡ
ߺҡҡͷԲһҲܰ㣬εı֮УȻҲܺߣǣäĿ˸ı硣̰Ҳ˵ĻЩ磬ǣҲκΰ
̾һû£ҲģҲǾȡֻϧˣ壬ºܳһʱָԭȵĳ̶ˣ
뵽ǰ֮УȻǺǿǣҲǺ
٣ǰΪˣᱻǸ֮ģǣЩ̫ˡ
걻˹Щ߾ôЩǿĸ֮µġ
Һãˣߺ˵˵֮󣬸ߺɽԾȥû򣬸ߺƯڿУȥ
ĿһЩæµĳˣεҡҡͷ̿ˡɻ
˵꣬ҲŸߺԾȥֻȴߺȻ෴ˣ֪ߺΪصľ
ߺͬ밲ĵȴ١
ֲ̬ͬһ𣬲֪˭Ⱦ˭ԼߺȾ˻˵ǽߺȾˡ
뷨ߺ֪֪ҲֻḶ֮һЦɡ
ԼᱻȾˣߺԲԼĿ꣬۷֮ϣԼʦһһʸĵˡ

ȡžɽ֮У˸ߺŭ֮аźĵط˲˺
ⷽԲʮ˲ˣǣžһ䳹ĺɭֹľ֮
ĺԸߺڵΪģǵصɢȥոϵɭ֣ٴһĺ
ľˣ˱
ߺ۾ĺмȥֱңԶ񷣬ߺĺҲǵɫˡ
ǻɫ֮мһ˿̵ɫֺԥĽϿҲˣĵطֱûжġ
ʹǸطûжֻпɺҲƾմ֮ȫı
ⷽԲ֮ڣȫΪһ޴ı飬ӸߺҲΪ˱еһ֡
طǱһԲεıһ㡣
ߺǺڰɫĺ⣬۾֮гȥ֮󣬺ܿ쵽̫죬ѸٵıҴȻ̫ȥ
̫֮Ҳ֮⵽һľϣľǰˣԶһصһ㣬;һ
ߺԴӰǰ֮󣬾ͿʼչԼڵűȫΪԼ֮һ֡
ڣߺΪҲǷǳǿ󣬼ǴﵽǺӾصľ磬Ѿ۷ˣһͿؾ硣
ҲǳǿѾ뵽׵ĳ̶ϡ
ΪǲͬڸߺоҪԼ꣬ɲǷǳ򵥵ˡ
ʹԼΪﵽǺصľ磬ԼҲһܹĽס
Ϊ굽Ľ꣬һʵĹȣ˵껹δ˵ĻôĽǳˡ
кܶδûӵеȨĽҲ겻ӵеһЩص
磬׵ƿ֮һЩߵĽ׶ˡ
ûĽ굽꣬ŴǺӵߵĽ׶Ρ
˵ǲߵĽ׶ΣôǰĽ׶ΣĽ꣬ǴǺӾ磬벽ߣҪߵ·̡
֮£Ϊǳɱ꺣ܳɳƥ
Щ飬ߺ뻹Ϊʱ磬ڵóȥˣѾˣߺʲôطûȥء
ߺվ˿ԱſСЦЦʱ䣬Сʵĵģ
һöȪ飬СͷƯţǺԴԴϵĽ뵽С֮ڡ
СʵҪǰĻӦܱȵĶǿ˰ɣǼʹŪҲһСĶ֡
ΪСֱ̫ǿˣȫƿȻҲÿʱ׵
˵ΪһҲвεģۿʼһ׳򣬶֮Уһڣ۷
ǣûеĽף
ʹһҲпȫѹһ׳Ϊߵһ׶ϡ
һ۷ȫԽһ׳ѹ顣


571 ʿ
ڸߺ򣬾ʹ۷壬£ܹߺİɣΪڸߺѾˡ
ң֮ҲͬˣϣҲȱǿһЩһЩĽ꣬Ҫսʤߺ궼ѡ
ǣʩչ֮󣬵˭ǿ˭Ǿ͵ˣǣߺΪԼһ䡣
ټǿΪߺţսЩˣߺҪ֮һս
ҪľǣƬϾ̫ˣһһֱʵı
ߺûü⿪ðһƬĻ棬Ȼߺıڻˡ
ϵߣһǿ󣡡ߺɫ˵
ʶľͽöȪץסˣҽСԼİ˲УӡԼԪΪֻ
ЩߺһɲǼˣǸߣڲͣͷ߻棬Ǳڻ
ߺıô׾ڻİǿӵŲ֮ģǣԷĻҲȷǿ¶Ҳǳĸߡ
һľƿ˸ߺĺĶϰٴΣſĽߺĺȫܽˡ
۵øƵģڿвͣĴǸ쵰ȻôǿĺΪһģ͸ƲƵģҿΪǿ
ϵߺעõʮֵĿΣ֮УҪҲεģҲѡ
֣һ˵ϵģںԼò
ȻĻкܴһˣԼԼòȻӳ˹ָıɳ˧ѣǣܹȥ۵ӣȴǺѡ
ߺ֣ͲԼòȴҲӢǷǺٵģϸߺΪȻǿ󣬵ǣȴǺܴ
۵øƵߣڿϢһϢˣȻʩչĹȥ
ĺǱǱҪϼ֣οҲıԱġ
漴ǸһͿʼϰΪߺȤĿſеǸӣȼձ
˲ǿ֢ɣһͻþݻ٣ߺ뵽
һλϣȻ֧°ͣһϷı飬ǸһԼȥˣڽƬĵʮ֮һˡ
ǸߺĻԷʹǰ꣬ҪƬ
۹ʿ巢ģ˱Ĳݣ˵ţһһ˳ǹС
Ȼ󣬱νʿǹݺݵĺȥ
ⳤǹ֮ðһɷǷĻ棬ɫģ˲ͽߺĺڻˣǹ̽˸ߺĺ֮С
ߺһܵı˲ļӴǸ˳ǹѹȥ֮׵档
۹ʿðû뵽۹ˣʹ߼ҵĳޣܸջصϢɣ
ߺ֮һ˿ɱ漴һ٣ԣ۹ʿʲôʲôҪ񣬻ʲôżĺ滹һʿֻɱһˣ̫ǣ
뵽⣬ߺǷ߳һ˿΢ЦǾҪԵ۹򣬵Ϊʲôɣ
漴һ潫ǹĺʼܷɢȥ֤ƬƬĺʼݣǰľһ
ЩĻɺ½뵽ߺ֮УЩֱӱߺˣǶԷǿ֢͵ûôԼܹպԼӡһҲܺðɣ
˵ʱɱԼҲ˵ߺ΢΢𣺡˼أû뵽Ȼôõ飬ߣһȽǵѡ񡣡

ԭǸʿղѣû뵽ԼǴһǹͷһλõĺñͱˡ
ǣûϣ麮Ϳʼѿңܵĺʼݣܿ죬ЩƵˡ
ǹȻΪϽױ׳ǵһõǹǹǲ˽⡣
ȻĻҲô׾ΪһжǹЩſʼġ
ߺԼȾҲˣװǱеˣķɵʿǰ
ãҽ·طߣСıĺסˣллң
ߺ֣һҲˣԼãĸˡ
֪Էǲǿ֢еĻҪ˵Լ֮һ֣϶ԼӡҲǺܺõˡ
ʿüͷ˵Ӿ㣿
ߺ˵ͷûҰոһǹطĺƿˣҲȻȻƱˣ
Ǹʿ˵ͷôʲôôңһΪɣ
ߺһһҲ̫ʵ˰ɣôֱӵҪôȻΪвˡ
ߺǿסȥвεһЦһģ롭
һģǾûǮˣû뵽˻ôɣɴ൱ҵ°ѣҵľ֮
ߺͷ߰һʲô仰һ㶼Ǳȵһ˵ô˵ˣ
ڸߺĿǴˣҲûٷϻǵ˵ͷķԸ
ϻˣ·ǣ
ȿȣŵǣ𣿡ߺε˵
νĵʲôʲô͸ʲô²ΥϴĻģ۹ʱƼ㵱ʿʱҵ£ɱӡ
磬٣磬ǿʿ
ߺ֪ԼǰǿʲôˣոյӦһˣ۹˰ɣ
۹ʮʿģʮʿԺҽд磬СܣǴҽᣬиͬ

ߺޱǰǣǺͨͬģȻ˵״ȴûëһƬƬƬ
ӣӦޣʵͣ۷Ľ׶Ρ
״ܹѱޣֱǷëǣ۹Ҳǿˣһʿ͸䱸ôǿޡ
ֻڵЩ˵ΪЩȻòǺܴ󡣱Ͼ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ߺ²⣬ЩãҲΪʿĳƺţӵʵһ㣬ʵһöûˡ
СӵΪȻߣһǺӾˣû뵽֪˸ߺΪ֮ʮʿϵ档
Ҳֻոյ˶۷壬ҲΪ۹յġ
ʵߺܹһģǣûôʹĴɱһˣǽԷȫ̼ƻƻ


572 ߲Ժ
ƥǿڿзеģԸߺ˵ٶȵǲǰ£ɸߺյġ
ʮʿҪ˵ͼбǴۣͼ֪ߣ
ߺٵĿзеģεĿĵأǲһ֮еĳУҲǲٵĳ֮һˮǡ
˵ˮúȵģң̺
ߺͰ·ߣʮʿˮȥֻʮĹǾ͵ˮǣߺҲ۵ùǺʮʿȻôź
һ˵Ҫ⣬һҪ˵Ů˯һЩ彡˶
ߺΰһҲ̫˰ɣѲɾʹûлɹԼ
ңҲǶԷƢֱֱȥԣŻнΪģ֮ûлɸߺļ
ߺ֮ͨ̽һе뷨֣ʲô˵ʲô
ǣҲһӯˣǿʱ򣬼°ӣɱӣֱ޶
˾Ȼ۹ʿ۹ﾡã˭ֻҪʵΣ˵
ˮǣߺŷ֣Ȼô̷ʦߡ
øߺЩ棬ߵǰΪʲôʱֻ˵
ô˵ҲһݹһԼ׬ǮʲôˣũԼֵһ򵥣
˵ߺʮֵϿɣʮʿȴϿɣߣӦеٻ󣬾ɫŮˣ
˭ˮǷȳƨšʱһŮ˵Ӹߺı
ôоôϤߺ뵽ȥϤֱԩ·խ
ԭ˵ˣҵ壬ˮǣҲҵı֮أˮǵ˰ɡ
ߺС椲㣬ҽʮʿ֮ۺȻһ
峤ǹɫˣҲǸߺԴ˵Ůˣ˳ʮʿôܲסء
ߺôкأû뵽ɫȴȻôһ䣬ɫˣߺ
Ȼһʮʿı˵ʮʿҲ̫Ĺ˰ɣϧļһã۹ʮʿǵʿ
ͷǽɫģмƣֻ۾ȴɫģӦǱˡ
ߺ˵ڲͬǽַŵԼؿڵλãϾһ
ɫĵܺµ죡СĴʲô
˵꣬תͷȥﳤȥ
ߺϵظҿûԷȻԼһ·ϵļͰ׷ˡ
㣿£ʮʿмĿǸʿһۣƾ㣬ëޡ
˵꣬ʾߺǰȥĿǸһۣһ򡭡
½ֻвһط˲֮⣬кܶأֻǿ֮һ
ǣĻʮҲˡ
ʮʿҾ㣬òҪ˴£֪ոյǸŮ˭𣿡ʿһһ仨С
ǴŻ㣺ƯǣҵĻͲôǿӲֶժȡˣ谮
ȥģëġʮʿ
ߺǸֱӣŻӣӰŻ
ţλС㣬ɹİݵڱʿӢò֮µģѵûոɻ벻𣿡
ǼһԴޣߺҲȷɻ񣬻ߵʱͣһ¡
ѵϲ񣿡ߺ뵽ǧ򣬿ζ찡ؿζ
ȴǸߺߵʱȷͣһ£ȴΪëΪ˸ߺ
ոȻûпߺòȴ˸ߺģӸߺ˵оϤ
Ǵ֮УͬħһԶˡ
ǣոոߺ˵оΪϤëо˶ģԣûж࿴ߺһۣԶȥˡ

ʮʿ涼츳ңĶͬ˵ƽ˶ͬˡ
ЩеֵŶĴӣеݵķ·һ֮ܽеĸߵĽŶеǲŸܴӵ洩ȥ
⡭۹ĻʵҲȷǹİ˲ţǣǧѰ
ߺԱ߲ϵĲԼϵ亹ε˵
λʿѾˮǣ˵һεţ˭˭ģ
֮һģҲǵһʿʿʮʿˡ
˵ǵһʿͷ˵ˣǸߺ
ʮʿվģҵСܡ
㲻֪л飬ǾԲгʮʿκ˲μӵҿǺͿˣ˵ţһʿվָŸߺ㣬ȥ
ߺһ˿аЦȥðʣܾû˸ҶԼô˵ˣ
˵Щʲôû뵽ʮʿŭˣҵСܣ˵ͱ棬㲻ȥҿڳ˭ô
˵ţһȻǴιߺĳǹ
ǿɢŵɫ棺ʿˣʹ͸ҵǹҲҪеǹеȣǸǿһЩ
˵ţڿжһǹ˲ͽǸطĿռ˺ѡ
ˣˣʮʿ£Ѳ뽫ˮҵ𣿡ڶʿһֱǱ۾ġ
ǣʮʿǸµʱ򣬾Ȼǹ˳еסˡ
վֹˣСһ䲻ʵʿܻϲģңʵǱҲһ࣬ʱǸй¶ܣҾͽɱ֪𣿡
仰ǶŸߺ˵ߺæͷȴ뵽øܣһ˾ܽȫɱ
һʿ˵飬ȴøߺԥˣεȷҪȥһż
ǣ⴦żȴˮǵĽأҲˮǵķˮ֮ء
Ǵżˮǵ֮أһ߲Ժ˵ˮ߲ʵģˮǵˮǿ߲Ժġ
Ҳ˵ˮԴ߲Ժ˵߲Ժ֮ΪĳЩˮŻĹЧġ
۹Ϳʼ߲Ժ⣬ϣõǸ챦Լʶķˮĺá
Ϊʲôôŷˮ֮˵أΪഫұˮ֮˵ҵģҵֻһҪġ


573 ˮ
εĿ꣬ǽˮ׵̽ɹȻƵ˴ҪŲ۹ǾĹͣһʿڷϻˡ
ȱ֣ǻήԼ̵ģһڶʿ˵Ҳ˵ʵȷܸԼв
һʿԸ֮󣬼˾ͿʼˣߺаЦţǺǣԭǵĿİβܹյϢңܹҵ顣
Ҫ֪ߺڻǷҵأǴΪ˰ߺǶ˴Уǵȸ֣˼
ߺҲףΪʲôһôǿǣߺֱҲʹҲܶࡣ
ΪϢΪ鲼򣬲ֻôһʵ
ڸߺֻеϣԣҲܶеҲ˽ⲻߺãֻܵ飬ħҲ׼֪
һǰУǣǵĺ棬ȴмڰںţӣǵʵҲǷǳǿ
Լ꣬ΪǺصľ磬Ҫˡ
Ϊ˵ˮȻܶ࣬ǳҵ֮⣬ûж١
ȫڰͣţһӣǸߺ˵Ӱ
ҿȻĻҪǣеѶȣ˴С㣬˵ӳ۹ʮӳʲô
ʹ׷ϣҲһǵĶְ
㣬ȥѰǸںֻҪ֪ȥͽΧסǳȥⲻͳ𣿡

һ֮󣬵˵ͷʧˣ׼֣ȥΧ۹ʮʿˡ
ǣǵһжǰʮʿУһöˮ飬һʿһǰ׳գƾЩ֣Χǣ쿪
ڶʿҲһʿҿǻ̫ˣȻҳȥҵĴС㣬ҿҲʹ˰ɣ
ڶʿɲҪѪˣҷҲõʿ˶ᣬûôְȨڶʿȻһ仰ҪԼɱ
飬ʿôأ
ĿŵڶʿҪɱңǾó汾£Ҳ֪ƾʲôܹλڶʿֻΪʮʿѣ
Ǻã֪֪ʲôǰһ㣬ΪУսһ
ߺһֵֿӣԼڧǹҧһëҪǴźأϷ룬ټ
ǣûøߺԸʵ֣Ϊһʿóһö״
ʿȻˣеʿĿɿڴĿǰơ
ܶǻ״м䣬һ֣
ûʿͲ뵽ˣ֮вϣԽƴ͸ңôǲҪս𣿼һʿ˵
еʿƹˣμʿˡ
ߺȴûй£Ŀöһʿеˮ
û뵽۹ֱңξôһսǿӲսߺ뵽
öˮȻܹ˵ӣ˵ĻԼɱ۹˵飬۹ˮˣɲôˡ
ţˮ飬ұҪŪˣߺ뵽
ˣ߰ɣʲôڧ飬ǾͱҷˣһʿɫȻˡ
ǣµȽʿʿ˵
ߺߣǻû۹飬ʿˣһʿҲĽԼ
û뵽Ƕô𾴡
˵֮ǰԶ·̸·˿ûнЩ˵ϣǶԼʵİ
Сܷģһģߺɫ࣬ʮʿΪߺҵˣе־أ̲ס԰ο
ߺǿһЦ˵ͷСܾллˣ
šǱ˵ЩϻˣϽ·һʿ˵
£ʮʿûٷʿǽ֯һнܣԿʿжôǿ

һ·ߣģ߳ˮǣ߽һɽС
ȺɽһĹ켣ţһ󷨣Ҫûʮʿ·ߺԼܻ߲ȥ
ܷǴط
ߺվ߲Ժǰʱ򣬲Ÿоطֱ̫Ưˡ
ܵŨĵһ̶ֳˣܲ˵ƬˮԲֻǧףԸߺ˵ǲ
ǣǺˮȴ߲ʵģɫһԵ÷ǳޣеʮֵŨ
ߣȥ֧ˮУȥ
ߺ˽ȥʱûһ߱㱻ܶ߰Χסˣҵļҽ·
һ֪ҵ˹ˡ
һ˿ͷ죬ΪҲȽǿԼĽĵزΪǲǺصľˡ
û뵽Ⱥ˵ĿǽأҵܻǱǷ𣿡˾ȻԳҵˣҲ֮ˡ
˽գҼ׵ܵܣòӦ
Ϊ֮ǰ֪ԷĿ߲ԺֻԼֶŮЩЩ裬ԣԼֶŮ
壬߲Ժô֪û뵽ҵĵؽ绹д˵ľɫյı֣˫۷ŹĿǰĺˮ
εһЦҲǿʸ֪⴦ڣţ֮ǿΪ߲Ժ
Ŷᾪϲĵû뵽˴Ȼôأȥȥɣ
һ֣ɣԷȻֻ꣬ǲ֪ʲôδⱻƣǻȵȰɣ
ҲĵڣֻɳôˣΧסһԷֻҪһԼ˾Χס׼Ѳȥ
ߺȥʱ򣬵˺ףľɫڸߺ˵ǰ
ԭߺ˳ףûˮĴڣŴ壬ߺһڣ;Լ
Щ״һɫ죬Ӧеɫ
Ǻˣһʿ˵ϧûа취ˣ
ߺ󣬲һ£ûа취ǣոԼհ
ߺһ룬ˣΪԼ֮бΪǸԵʣܹա
ߺˣҲȷΪ֮ԵʣҲΪ̫ǿˣֵܹز
뵽֮֮֮֮е֮УѾ䡣
ı֮ǿΪǿˣܹ


574 ײ
ϽЩյһʿ˵ţһӴָóһƿһյǸƿ֮С
Сƿ֪ʲôɵģȻǽ׵յУ⣬ڶʿʿóһһģһĴƿӡ
ȻǴƿӣǣߺ֪ⲢǴƿӣǲ֪ʲôɵ
˴ԼæаĹ򣬲Žյƿ֮УʧȥЩˮȻ½ңˮҲ߲ʵɫˡ
⼸ѾǵıŪˣ˫һ˵׼ֻҪ͸ɱ
ǡ
е׼еıҲ˽Ȼ˵˶ڣңһǿĸ֡
ǣ۹ʮʿֱ̫ǿˣ⣬νʢ֮ʿ
ʹҲȥɱһ顣
ңлһ꣬ǺӾߣʮʿһ㻹֮ûС

Ǹոȫ׼꣬ʮĵˮʹӺױŷȻʮĸӰڿУڿƯţһУߵʮƥʼзɱ
ǵȥҲ⣬˶ԼİΧȦأЩǸͲһ¡
˷׷Ķܵ˵֮У˭ͷ찡ΧסΪ£
һͳڵĸߺ˵ߣ˵۹ʮʿҲ򣬾Ȼ˲񣬻ҵرϿ콻סǵһ
ǰˣȴסˣĿŸߺӰԴӸߺһͷ˸ߺУһֱһ仰û˵
ߺȻҲᣬʹһɫΰסûгǰվڿУҡҡ׹
һֱ𣬾ǽһ֮ãѲ˼֮ˣں˵ɵĻУĴһ
ǣ֪ôˣܾͻٵ˸ߺļƻ
Ȼ֪ߺʲôƻ˸ߺ
ᲢûвԼݣߺһվڵʮʿĺ棬û˵
һʿһЦûԼõ챦飺ûЩȷУҵλǰӲҪ˵ˮеĶҵģҲԵ̫Ե˰ɣ
㡭һ仰˵յû˵ˣһʿ˵ĵҲұûפκεˡ
ԭҵôߵģΪһͱ˱̽鵽߲Ժܡ
Ƭɽ壬ҲһȻϡ
ǣû뵽ȴǱ۹֪ˣɳ׵رŪˣʲôرԼҲ֪
ңֻм֮ϵˣʸ֪Щǲ֪ġ
ˣ˵ʲôϻˣϿ콫еرɣǵ˺û˵ֻӲˡ
Ҳǲɱģ֪ô򵥵ĽرӶԷҪǾԵĲܵġ
ԷԭĿ꣬ԭҲرôöԷôأ
˵ЦˣȥĶ³һʿЦ
ʮʿһ𣬶ŭĿӣ˵ôʲôֱɱ˸ɴ˵ã
˵ţһһ˳ǹУǸ˵ɫĻ泤ǹ
ߺ˫һУϽױҲȷܸԷӺܶĹ
ˣǽͷŹһҪߡ˵һߣһʿгһö衣
ǣһ֪϶ôˡ
СҲ֪ʲôǲԼ۵ģ̺˲ߵһ˿Ϣ
ѹĿ꣬ǣֶʮֵѡ
˵Ҳûж٣
ǰµˣ͸ˣԺлᣬһսģһʿ˵ţеĵһ˲俪ʼˡ
һӰӵ֮гڰУȻ뷢ǳɫģڿƯͬһŵĺɫĻ档
һȣû뵽ⵯ˾Ȼǳ
۹֮вҲкܶ࣬ǣΨûм˸ȣ֮У½ܹǰ
Լ۾һܣȻ֮бǿƣƣʹޱȳȵ¶ȡ
߲Ժ֮еˮ˲͸ɿˣ඼ûˣɿݵĴأʼѿ
ܵɽϣˮֿʼʧɿݵֲʼȼ
ɽ·ʼѿˣ濪ʼѣܵЩˣֵסܵϢûбȼš
ҲʵеģǾᣬϵ·ʼȼձҲǿ֧ţԼֶŮһĻ˲ԼֶŮԡ
źܶ˰ԼֶŮӰô˵ǰ߹ɣԣסᡣ
ʮʿߺһҲûܵѹƣԵһʿЦ
£ˣǰҪذ˵ţʿЭͬߺһҡڵȥ
Ǿˡ
ǣ֮ʱ򣬸ߺȻͣסԼ壬¶һЩаЦ˵λǽеĴƿóɣ
Сӣʲô˼ʮʿɷ˵ľߺȥȻñ˴Լ£ǣƽʱҲԼȭߵġ
ƽʱ򣬸ߺһᱻһ߳Զȴвͬˣߺ֣һźУĽ˲
ôЩȥˣΪҵΪֻ𣿡ߺԪ
ܵһʲô׶꣬Ǻ۷ľ磬ʵǶ٣ΪʲôҪ
ߺȻ˿΢Цǲ°ǲ³ǳԣ
Сӣ̫ˣ㼴ʹҲǵĶְǼ۾гһߣ˵
ߺٺһЦԱ֪棬ֹˮ˵ţܿʼ׷׽ʮʿ˲ͽǹ̶С
ȡʮʿоԼ嶯ˣңʩչԼ֮Ҳû˿á
Ǳ֪Σˣ˾ȻһνǼȫס
㵽ҪʲôΪʲôҪԼݣǣ㵽ʲô㣿һʿܣĳһȦ
һأŸָǹߺĺƿˡ
Ŷ򣿡ߺûʲô仯
˫ſ֮ɢǿĺЩ鲼Ƭռ䣬漴ߺԲ֮ڣҲ
㺮ʼռ俪ʼɣ棬Ƭأ·𶼳˺ء
ʮʿ󷨣Էĵһʿһ¸ߺ֪ԷȻһ۷壬֪鲻ô׾ʹ򷨵ġ


575 ֮
ȡڵһʿȻǲУǣڸߺʵЩļ¡
ԣҲǷ׷ͷųԼһʿΧסһߺѹȥ
䡭
ߺԷ˵ҵײһ˫ٵ泷ȥߺȻųһѷԷʮǲ硣
ǵȻ˿˿˿棬Ҳһ㺮
˿ڶԷʮ֮УֻǴһĹ򣬾ͱԷ֮ˡ
ǣǲ㺮ȴôҲ
ߺתһ룺ȥƲǰ취ԷȻԼǣֵԷʮԼԲǶ֣
棬ѩߺеһ忪ʼ޵ɫǹ⣬ɢ
ʮ˲֪ߺһеߺȻջˣȻ֮ɢǹ⡣
ǸоԼʮȽǿԣ޷˵ײ
ߺǶǵʮʿȥҲǸˡ
ʮʿˣԼô꣬û뵽ȴƭˣܲˣһҪȡߺ
ߺԼȻֲ֧˫ͨ죬еɫǹ˽ǻ
ܶ棬ǻ죬Ƕڸߺ˵ȴȷʲôҪ֪ߺߵ֮д
Ļɲ֪ǿ϶ٱ
ʹѹ˺ܶ࣬ǣȴҲ˵Աġ
ߺȻô뵽֮Уķ
ʲôôأʮʿ׷״ʧɫʲôȻķ
ߺû΢΢һ̣򣡡
䡭
ߺбԷ򼸺˲ˣ˲ķѣĻ涼ˡ
ۡʮʿѪѪʮףɫ˲Ͳ԰ˣȻԾĿŸߺ
㡭Ȼ뵽ߺǳǿ󣬵û뵽ǿֵزȻһ¾ͽƿˡ
һƲģƿ֮߻ܵĴˣϾǵԼꡣ
һƣҲӦܵ˺
ڵĵʮʿʵʮһߺٵǰһһڰС
ǲǧɵĴСߺһ־ͽ֮סˣȻһͽ֮뵽ˡ
̷֮ߺûдôľͽʮȫɱǴ㽫ǹ̷֮
ߺְ취編ƣʮȫС
Ҳǳ̷֮УСץǸʮʿأڵС󣬱仯Լ̬Լʮɵĸ߶ȡ
ԸǸ˵ĵʮʿ˵Ͳڻ£͸Ƶģ֮ŪŪȥġ
Сûгڵһ֮дţھ˸ߺ̷֮봢֮Ѿϵ
ڴ֮У̷ܹ֮ǣȥȴҪߺ
ߺ̷֮ȥʱС͸Ӧˣԣ̷֮ٴλʱ򣬾æܵˡ
ʮɰߣСȻֵˣͬһֻСƵģϵצġ
ڵĵʮʿ޲ȥ̫˰Сֱͬħһ㣬Լոͱ֮һצ¡
ȫ¥֮УԼʱ򣬾ͻᱻٴ¡
ôΣҲѧˣֱڿвˣû뵽ΪµĳˣСצӽ֮ŪȻסԼϵȥ
ԼÿʮΣԼˤ䵽һΣˡ
󣬾ȻֻצӲԼϣϵĶ塭
ôײеС󣬶СʵҲǸܵˣ֪СһֻǺӾޡ
һʲôƺĽ޼ģѾԼĳƺˣҲǳƺš
Ȼǣȴܹԣԣ׷׵ĶС󡰾мӣС񣬶ԼŲ
Сǵ˵ԼҲڻػбɣ˵׶εĶǾƺˣ
С˵еٴһĺöȷٰʵǿ󣬶ӵеĳҲĽ׾Ϳˣ
ʲôϡ𣿸ǣǽиߺ
㲻ǲˣߺĻеһߺû˵
ǣˮ֮ǰǽбʵߵǿߣһһУõʱ򲻳۵ˡ
ȴûߺͷ
ǵĲ²ȷİɣҲǲˣǲǸңǸˮô£ôֹ֮ۿҾͷŹǣ
ߺ˵ȻĻһǳ̷֮Уһٵ̷ζҪ֪Щ̷ɶרŶԸߵģ
ЦԽԽãǣڵʮʿȴãߺͬĶħһ
ţСһ仰ʹǵߣˣķЩʲôֱӽǽңǺúõˣһ£
һ£㲻ôǣ˵ˣʿæ˵
ߺǲĿСһ̷ۣ֮һٵ˵̷ҪټСˣһˡ
˵һٵ̷ȷУǣԸǺӾߵģȷʵֻһٵ֣ĶǶˡ
һٵ֣ߺԱ֤Ǿܲ˵ġ
ߺԼ̷֮󣬶Щľ
ʿһԣߺ֪ʲôˡ
ԭǾһˮĲɵģҪǼסԷϢ֮۲Էڵԡ
ǣˮҲܵģֻҪʱȥʮ죬û˵ϢˮҲʾԷж
ͬʱи֣ۣ֮ܺ˼˵ںʱεأܹ̽顣
һֻۣܹ֮һϢ
Ǵҵļˣͱ⼸˷ˣϢҲˣ⼸˵Ϣ͸Ҫ˵ˣ类Է
ң֮ۻһȱ㣬ǾǳʮͲ̽鵽Щ˵Ķ
ԭһҾͲõˣУ˸ˣʹ˵ҲԲô׵ľͷŹǵģΪ۹ˡС󣬽ˣ
˵꣬ߺ˵ŪһҪ
õģͷİɣֻϷǣԲŪǵģСԼظ˵
ߺĵ˵ͷĥǵϷ
ʮʿСĻ֮ÿ˵ɫˣ鲻ԽסԼľջ
һģȻˡ
СߺҲǱȽΣⶼʲôʲôϷôֱ۰
ڸߺ뷨С󲢲ңҲ֪Լ˵ʲôֻΪôߣĲѡ


576 
ڣе߸ƿȫɣ۹ļƻϲƻˣСʳǽʲô񣡡ߺ˵
һʿʿΡΡĽ߸ƿУߺһ֣ͽ֮ȫ˹
סǧǻָԼʵĻᣡߺС˵
İɣֻϼˣã쿪ߺ˵ͷ˲⣬һ̷֮·ԼĻ꺣֮С
ʼˮǷȥٶȼ죬ߵʱ򣬻Ҫϼ
ûʮʿ⼸׸ߺķٶȻˣǼƥߺȴҲûзŹ
׷Ū֮ˣȻ˵òǱȳӰȴ֪϶ٱ޵Ҳûа취⼸ƥġ
Щô˵ҲʦٶȣԱġ
ҲƯһѣ֮⣬ûʲôرˡ
ٶ綼ȲϣѾȫı̭ˡ
ңһҲܽСͷųΪЧȻСŵǣѪͳȴǲݺӵģ
ߺһڿзţһߵ뵽
СΪϹޣǳǿһ塪βһ壬ʵǷǳǿģ˭ãСһɳʲôز
ߺӰˮϿյʱ̱˰ΧסˣǶǺӾߣлаΧʮ˵ߣȻһ۾ϳ˸ߺʮ֮һ
ߺ˴ǰΪ˴ܣΪ˹黹ԣûж䣺ңǱᣬҲֵģǰ޶⣡
˵ţߺԼ˫֣˵
Ըߺ˵Ѿ御ˣû뵽Щȴ̧١
Сӣҿ㻹ǸϽһͬȥҰɣˣ֮Ϊϵ˵ţӺˣߺȥ
ϵҵΪߺ˫һУҿǸ˰ɣҹߺһڰе߶סˣȥ
УֻиߺƯģһԲƣˮǶʼѩ
ˣǿµĳһȻĳɲǲǵıˣߺ쳤Х
ߺոմȥûãһ˿ٵ߷󵨵ˣȻ̫ͷ϶ҿҲǻòͷˣ
ߣ֮ˣߺ˵
û뵽Ǹ˷ŭߵԸˣõҵԶ֣ˮǵķҵүС
һʦ磬񣬼ֱ̫ҷˣߺԪãһȣȦȦͶ
䡭
˱ըɳȥһӰ˲֣סʦǿˡ
ү㻹ãգߺæˣû뵽ȴˡ
Ƿȫţͷһáûۡû˵꣬ͿѪ
ֽȥܿ˽ţЩм˵ͻؼ˰ɣҽҩѣҳˣ
ûµģǰһСǷپȻ֪ᣬ֪ܵ˵ԼһҪߺ֮Ļ
ǣȴίľܾˣϽߡ
ˣĸΥү˵Ļ׷׵ͷæԼе׳үˡ
ǡʮʿߵˣղʵ
ߺ΢΢һ̣ʮʿѾҵˣϷҪϵҵΪҸͻĻҸߺҲϧͶһҵ壬еˡ
ţվһ˵һʮʿȫ𣿡
ߺаЦһ£ô㲻ţԼһҵʵθĳԲ顭
⡭סˣȻ̫ţһģ溦Լ͵
ǡԼȥԵ̫۸ˡ
㣬åʱһȻ洫ߺϤ롰Сĳƺæͷȥ壬Ǻˣ
ȥô׳Ůÿ׼û£ߺڱֿڣ˵
ͨ죺å˵ոô˸أԭ׳̬㣬Ҳû˭ôĵӣȻңһˮǡ
֪ԱߣҾɲˣҿɴûåôƺңҲҶˢһå
֣ߺֻҪһ壬鲻ԽҪϼ䡣
˵㲻åϴڴϣ㲻ãҲŮӣȻڴ֮ͥ¡
סڡյһ㻹ǸŮôҥ
ߺҲϾԼûҪӭȢ
ұ찡ҿһ߰ɣ˵žҪתȥ
ȴ˲ͳڸߺǰֵס˸ߺһ¡
ô·㣡ԼλͱȴܵӣѾǲʹˡ
յԼǰԥĶ֣ɲǹ⻪
ߺһһĹâӸߺбȥŽߵվͻ˹ȥ
Ҳû뵽ԼȻߺŭߺһŭ
ǣǺεܱоʹܡ
ֻǵĻӳһߺɲǹ⻪ҵײһ𣬷޴ĳ
ģȴʼϲǾǸߺٴλӳһɫɲǹ⻪ǹ⻪˲ͽԼɵˣǿȥƲԼŷ
СӣȻô죬桤ɸ֣Ȼ˷ĸ׷ߺɫɲǹ⻪ȥ
ɲǹ⻪ĸ֮ڴﵽ˱ͣ˲ͱѿˡ
棬ֹˮߺ忪ʼɢĲܵĲֹͣʱ򣬶Ҳڲٶˡ
桤ճУյУһ˲䱻ֹˮ˲Ƶˣľӡ
ЩƬ׷շȥܵߣԶԶģȻĻҲˡ
ʹкܶˡ
壡յ֮УȻǿҵĸǿ֮Ȼ˲յϡ
ЩľƬһıƬ滮Ȼһ˿˺ûԷɡ
ʮ֣ߺҲķŭˣӳʮСͬı֣Щӭǡ
˲ͳʮɵĴСʼԷϻȥ
ﬡֻյϣϵ𣬶ԷϵһĤȻڿٵѿ
ʲôʲô桤ͭǽڡ˵ţյܣȻһΪǿķ㣬ӲĽߺʮָ˳ȥ
ߺεʮֲûʹȫԵһ֣ʮֱҲˡ
ΧڸߺܣʼϵתԼҲתĽ꣬ߣǿ룬ʱɱ㡭


577 Ű
СӣôĿյɫȫˣû뵽ߺȻԼ˵⻰ȫû뵽ġ
ߺɱһаЦҪҵʵڱұҪҵıģû뵽ѣҲĪҲˣ
УղĿŸߺѲ˵Ķģпзģҿɲ㣡
Ǿ԰ߺҲ˿û˸ոյĿȻˣߺҲûôõܹڶԷһ٣ٶ֮ίȫ
һǺã㣬ϸܣ
ջе㻳ɣǲǸߺʮʿƭԼ
ãǾ԰ɣҲ㣬ҵʵǿʲôز˵ţߺٷϻ֮еĺٵı
䡭
ɫ䣬ضŸߺĺȻɱˮǵڲȴյĵֵ֮£ûܵ
ϱǿӲƣȫߺĺˣǣҲԼʵȻĻԵֿء
ʹȫʵˮǵĳǽϣҲȫһ㺮Щɻɫ
ɣ֪ȥ϶УΪǿ桤磡
ո˵һ仰յȻͿʼ˱仯ԭĹͭɫɫĸ

ߺһóԼԴͻ֮󣬱δʩչĺþ
ڸߺĶͷ֮ϣһöۣߺֻۣտȥе㣬¶ҵĵĿ֮£ɣ
ڸߺĵö֮УȻǿҵĺܣضޱȣһƬž·ضڸߺɺ֮¶־
Ѹޱȣ˲յܣ֮
շ֣ԼܶţԼһеıشܹעЩطĺǱĵطĺüĺȡ
ơ˫ͨ죬һŤͽܵĺƿˡ
ǣаɫĹ⻪ĴڣѸٵɺ֮ٴΰ
ʮ֣ڰâͬڣ
ߺ˫ۺȻһ˿仯һֻǰɫģʥ࣬һֻǱڵɫ˹졣
ߺԼ˫֣Уһִ۵ı״еһֻϣǵһı״
ֵ壬ߺö׳ֱַ׷׵뵽ڸߺܲתı֡
˽˳һ㽫ڸߺתʮ֣Ⱦһۣһڡ
۵֣ڿе̫һ㣬ϵ̫ȥ˲ֱӣǣɢȴӹɵĺ
ЩողܵĿռͿʼ˲ˣûһ˿ķӦˡ
ɫı֣ͬǰĺҹһɢ޾еĹ
ʮ֮ḥ̂ʮ֣һһΪһ飬׷ƽ⺮շȥ֮İΧס
ÿһɫɫıֶңңԣʼϵתղŸոƿߺĺͱʮرָΧˡ
ɫıɢĺյϣַתĺʼϵĥϵ
ЩȻ෴£һ˿˿Ľϵ˿֮ĥˡ
ɫĺ±⣬෴õĺɫȴϵ֮ɵˣǱԼ
ɫıԽԽ󣬴һʼʮɣѾʮɳˡ
һȫȻɫڵɫǱԭĹͭɫ
СӣȻƵһУǾͿʵɣոո˵ڣûе
ߺѾʼˣҵĺ֮£ܲþɣþ
һ״ĹӸߺ֮бȴǴ۵İɫǺڰ׽档
һ˲ͳյĻ꺣Ļ꺣֮Ű֮ˣҺɫĹ⻪ϵ
ɶСӣѪ꺣ԷϺȻһ⣬꺣֮С
ߺĲþ˲ͱˣƬѩߺһУƬѩ»ص˸ߺУȻ󱻸ߺԼĻ꺣֮С
ڸߺʮر뺮þ˺ööȪ飬飬Ȼڸߺ֮ͷų
ԷѪҲȷǿģȻܹһξڻ꺣֮У֮
ȻǿǾĪҪˣս۾ҲǿɬĽû뵽հܵôңȻѪ
ߺ֣ʾ
ĺþȻʧˣǣʮرԾܣѾԷһĥˣĥԷ塣
򣡡ԷȻʹó򣬸ߺʮرȻǿ󣬵ǣһ˲仹Ǳѹסˡ
򣡡ߺһû뵽һȻ˶ôĻߺҲòʹԼ汾ˡ
ǣһ㣬ͿԿȪĺֶôǿ󣬼ʹǴڶԷ֮Уǻš
Ȼûа취ĥԷ壬ȴԽ֮еĸ֮ĥ˶Է
ߺҲû뵽ԼĺȻ˵ЧԺʮرҪð
һȫĲͬ˺ܶ࣬ԷĿƣҲǿࡣ
򣬾Ȼһһ֮࣬ңһ֣ʮһģһĸ֣֮֮УߺʮرȫԼ֮С
ߺȴ˿⣬Ծ֮Уͷųһһ׵֮ڶԷܣʼϵת
һȻѹס˶Է
⵽ʲôаȻѹҵ򣬻治ܲ˵ģЩߺˡ
ΪʵͱȲԷ
ѲɣҾû𣿡˵ţߺҲĿʼԳأ沼Ϣĺ
˵Ƭ֮УһƬռ䣬һ˽Ϣһǳ˺Ϣ
򣡡ߺԼͷų֮ɫȻĿһ۶Է
ߺȻֻзԲɣԷȴǷԲɣǣԿԿߺϢȶԷĸǿһݣΪĴڣȶԷӵᡣ
֪ûа취ԼʮײߺĿڵ
ʲôղǺ⣬ǣһˣΪߺݺݵײ
䡭
춯صˮǾǷ˵һ㣬ؿʼѣ̫죬˲һ޴Ŀ
վķ֣ԼȻڶԷһ۷֮£ײˣ˿˿֮ѷ֮ɢȥ


578 в
ҵ򡭡յǺһ˿ѪѾһҵײ֮£ܵش
ߺǵЦԽԽãôΪ޵еģǾ԰
˵ţԾ޷˵ײȥߺһײ˶Է֮С
ߺɢǿĺɲǼͽԷ֮е֮ʧȥ֮Է򼸺ǲơ
䡭
յĸ򣬴ڲʼ߽⣬ǿԳһƬ֮Уûκû۳ߣӶݵĹȥ
ߺȴһ⣬Լı֮ĸѩȴǶѰ취
οڸߺпռ֮ѾԼÿռ֮ˣôǿҲ޿ɺǵġ
Ǳ˵Ƭ֮У֮еСأߺȫͻء
˵Ƭصķ֮ˣһƬռ֮С
ǵʩչʱ򣬻ܵƬ֮ļѹ˵ѹƬ֮УһƬ֮
ǸߺȴͬĿռֻ֮뵽Ƭ֮ԣߺһ۷򹻻ԷĶ
ûƬ֮ߺҲֻǿܣڻԷ֮УԼҲ䡣
ߺǣûһ˿ѪѾˣǸոСˡ
㡭
Լ򣬿ʼƬƬŭģһѪûѹס˳
ǣոճڣ㻯һƬѪ
ô𣿡ߺǵĹһ˿аЦ˵
״ˣôˣպȻ˵ߺ˻һ˳յ濴ȥ
ȻһˣվԼ󣬴˵ϣߺ򲻳κεϢǣȴôվڿС
ߺ֪ǶԷΪ̫ǿˣһԼϢĹԼܹúԼΪһ㡣
ǣΣǰߵĿԸһЩ
Ϊ˳ֵ˲䣬ߺɫĺͿʼܵľɫҲԭӣ·һжûб仯
ǰǺˣߺ˵ȻԷΪߣǸߺȻûие־塣
ڵҲǼˣ׵ĳ֣һΡ
ʲôΪߣֻҪԼģǶԷԺ󣬻ǵԼĽ²
㵨Ӻܴ󣬶Ϊ䲻츳ǿǣôˮ£ҿûа취úõȥˣ
Է˵ˣǣԷӲˣҲʮңȴǲϵġ
Ҳ֪֣Щ֣ǣ㲻øӵĹұΪ˱ҶСĶģû뵽ȴһٵܵѣ֪ҵĴ֮ĳɽǱˣҲỻǣ
ߺ˵Լȫ˵
ҵĶС㣿˵öжǸǿߵ˵
־磬ȫǵ֮УվԱ߲Զôùأ
彿ЦһүүŮݼүү
յŰȫˣһԹŮģ
ŸߺӣûСõȷжң˵ıҲǲ֮ˣǲ֮ˣ˵ʲôİħңеһħ
ţ˵壬Ǹ˵Աߡ
Ҳİ֮Ҳ˽⣬ǣ˵ǿţֻħͬжѣʲôʱһħңˣ
յɣߺûлشֻǵ˵һ䣺ܾ֮ûк˵ʸ񣡡
С̫˰ɣҸסᣬ޲ϳ֣ǣ˼ɸߺʵԻǷˡ
ߺһӣʮ»صߺߣΧŸߺ߲ϵתߺǺһ㡣
ԭΪͬڿҲֻһ֮ѣСģϵĳ𣬴ϵģǲǸϵĸóˣ
ߺ˫ֻм˵ʲĶ֣֣ĳԲ֡
Ƿ̵ǣǸȴûŭǹһЦþǿƢϲϧˣ㲻ҵӵܣ
ҵˣߺϽӻ
ˣϷҲú˵ʲôˣҽһ£ҾҵǰμҳǣΣΪʲôܣ
æľԼĸףҲǡ
̵ҲûͼӴףԸߺûв졣
֮󣬳˵٣һƬģѵڶ䵽ز𣿱黹ҪϵΪԺ˭Ͱ
Ǽ亹ԾĲһԼգапࡣ
ɫĮô˵ļһͽҰɣеҷֲ¼á
ãĴƿǵıĳٴι黹ˣҶСһѾǷˣ
˵ţһƿװ֮ƿӣġ
Ȼ󣬸ߺһ߸ƿӶƯǰ
ϸĸӦһ£֪ߺ˵ѣǣûż֮ߡ
Сӣո˵ܹЩϷȴǲţ㲻һ£
ߺСӲթذɣոֻǿЦѣҵıôأ̫ˣ
û£ҵ飬Ϸܹ
̫ˣôصߺǳܲʮʿ˵Ƿҵڣ
վգôϻåкµʱ򣡡岻м˵
ߺһүӣûҩͳ˰ɣв㣡
ɲǷҵˣλңͲǸߺıԣǣΪϴĶ飬ԸߺҲʹ
˵꣬ߺͷҲصһȥ
СӣǲգǱϷ򲻿ˣҾǱҲҪ⣡ǵһ¾
ǣ˵ûߺתͷա
ϻвأûȻҲǶԼ׵˼⣬ǣҲû˵ʲô
ߺ˫һУ棬ʲôɣ˵ⶫֻҪˣܱԷƣ
Ȼǲ֪ԷеôģתҪߣǣô׵ĳǵ֡
Էһ˲ڸߺǰ֮бһǿƣߺѹǡ
ҿ㻹ǸҹԹԵ˰ɣȻĻ΢Ц˵
ģһͯ˷ӡ
ߺҡͷҼҪˡ桤ѩ
˵ţߺӾȻĿʼ䵭Ҫͻǵû뵽ȴôҲ޷ͻơ
κεĹ⻪޷ҵǰţ
ȥҪǲǣҾԲ㣬ģ


579 
ߺȻͷǰʧת֮⣬Ȼ˲򺣱ȥչ˫ٶ
ţҲˣûԼѳȥǣߺһϴ漣ˡ
ոǸԼ֮ѹסߺû뵽ɱˡ
ȻȻΪ̫ˣԹԵҵĻɣ˵꣬ҲʧڿУһͬʧģƿװ֮ƿӡ

գ˭ܸң⵽ʲôϵʲôʱôˣһˮ𣿡
Ҳĵ˵ͷǸ飬֪ߺ᲻үүһϷ
˵ţЦ⣺ȻǺϷûйôأ
˵꣬ǵĺȥΣһˣ̫˰ɣԼĸףȻԼֶŮ
ôҪ飬ȻһϷⶼʲôƢ԰
һǲ̫һЩǶһڱȽϺã֤漣ʱ̣
һЦץ壺ֶŮɵ̫ˣҴɣǿһﵽ׸ʲô
Ҳ֪ԼΪҪ׷ϸߺǲܵģ˵Լүүˡ

󣬸ߺڵĳںߣȻ¿˿ȻҵĴߺԥľ뿪ֲĵط
ոշɳ뺣߰ľ룬һӰǰأӵȵúܲͷ
ϲȥܱܲ˰治𰡣İˣ
ǣոջͷǳǰСӣûģж⣬Ϊƾܹͣӵõ𣿡
ߺ˿ĺһ˿Ц¶ɲһټǣ
Ȼײȥֻ˲䣬͵䵽ϣںУߺĿˮ
һһ˲仯˺ȻһſеǾ͹ȥ
ҡҡͷСӻǰ氡ôʱĶèèȻ档
ǱǱĴڣײȥ
֮ϣһ֮Ӧڸߺһġ
ǣû뵽ߺıոյǰͲЩԾΪǱϣоһϢ
䡭
Ǳ飬ǵ壬Ҳûд
⡭ҵȣˣСӵǺηʥУڵĹزܻЩˣһҲҪȵˡ
еٵۣһȭĺȥ
˲䣬мɣһȭȻƬˣ˲ԭʧ
ߺں׳ΰΰǣǰһϤӰȴϢˡ
ãټ
ӰǱˣǺ׹ˣ
СӣȻһΪ˵㣬ҷֳһսķΣˣ˵
û˲ǱˣߺԷӰǸС
ߺܣ˲׷һߺ
Σʱ̣һӰڸߺǰβ׷ǡ
ǵǰȻһͷӰӣһҧȥƬʧһ룬еҲǶÿ죬ûбһҧ
Сӣþòˣû뵽ȴ۸ˣϷʹİ
ǹЦǰҲʶˡ
û뵽ֻǾȻ棬㰡Ͳ±𣿡֮ҲǳҼ棬ۺ졣
ϼһս˲ֹһεˣս˺ܶˡ
Ǳãã֮Уһд˵ģǣǱǷҪңˣ
֮սǶʵ֮ϵѹƣѷʤ
뺣ʵ޼ԣ߷ĲĶ֡
ˣҲûֻҪСӽңҺǷһ飡˼ʲôìܡ
ǣȴӦ˵ǸǲϺͿˣҼȻСһܽ㣬ⲻ֤𣿡
˼ҪȫСˣôһʱҵĴںϹȥһңҪˮʹ½
ºݻ͵ʧˣ֪Լ߷ڣˡ
ôСһҿǾһǲǸá
ҾԲģϲŮģҪ˵Ů࡭
ž
ߺĻԥĸԴһƣȻŭСӸҴŮ⣬ߵ֮ȻҺ
Ŀİ˵ϴΰڤɽһϼһûҪʲô
ǲͷ˵Ϸֻ㣬Ӧ񣬲ȻĻҾͽ͸
ͣ˵Ǿͻı𣿻ǶѺõĽǲǣʲôֱӷԸ
ӰӺȻ֣ԭ֮ҲţСһ㻹ҵаѣƭģУֻǱ֤ʹǣ֮ɼ˰
˫һ䣺㻹ҥΪĲ֪Ǹط𣿺壬뵽󺣵ÿһ䣬ϧҾǵ桤
ںܣ£Ȼһսһͷ޴ǺԼһ
䡭
Ǿ߷˲ˣߺ㱻Ǻôô
ϻ˵֮УĳһֺʳɾģܲκֻҪӦҺҿģ
ûԼոյĻԭ֪ûԶԺϻôһϷ
Ȼ߸ߺȻԶˡ
ֻᣬôܷŹأԻԥľ͸ôһڣķˡ
ߺ֪ȥ϶ǰ취ˣ˳˳ȣˣԼӦԷԲưոݵġ
ǺðɣҴӦ㣬ҪҺŮףȻĻҺᰵҰ
ߺ¶һ˿аЦвŮףֻһƶԷ־ǣԣֻܳ²ߡ
룬ǿҵŮôܼ޸åأ
ҿСӣʲôطĳåˣåŮŮ𣿡
ϻ˵ǼͬģǰԶиСȻ㲻ͬ⣬ҾӲˡ
˵ţץסߺһ˲ͷӡΪ꣬Ȼںˮ֮Уƽء
Сӣҳ㣬ȻĻһڽյΪ
ε˵ˣģֻкôûлģ


580 ͻơԹ֮
ϵһϣߺ屻Ƶվԭأǵһ˦߸ƿӳ˸ߺܡ
ڸߺڰʲô°Լȥģ˼ȴҪӲⶫԼԼա
֪Ͳˣյûô鷳˲ǣߺε뵽
ǣлмҵģû뵽оȻֳһǰԼ
Σߺ϶ͻᱻԷסȻɱҲһ
Ҫ֪Էǲߣǰ׺ֻһֵģҲǺӾκҪǿ󰡡
˵һЩߣǶԷĶ֡
ߺҲû뵽ԼŲ۵ͷӣȻһǰ׺ֻһֵߣԿԷʵжôǿ
ߣȥеëȺ£Ȼˣߺе뵽
ûзϻһ֣ʹһƿǣȻӿһɵĳɫ
ǿ촨һۣ֮б޵ɫǳȥ
ɫһ棬һͷǧɣ֪ǿ϶٣˲ײȥ
䡭
·ˣܵĺˮ˲䱻ǿĲɡ
ôĶߺȻǾȵױȣҲ˷ڣ߷
յٶʵǺԣܿľ͵Сϡ
ǣʱǻսأӦϢ壬Ʋǣ
Ǽ˲ͽ⿪˸ߺķӡ찡ǲŮͿյ
ߺһݣ֮еĺ˲䣬Աߣſһʮ׺Ȼôߺڡ
ߺо֮УȻǿԹǰߺֻһ㣬Բûĸо
Σߺһ̸Ӧˡ
ǹԹֱߺţĻ꺣ȥƽˣͱԹͬˣɽʬ
Ǳɽʬ֮һôǿԹ׽˱ɽʬˡ
ǣߺ֮еԪȴʮֵĻԾûбѹƣԹѹסˣԸߺ꣬ԷʮֵĿ־塣
ϸĸǹԹߺȻоʮֵķŭŭҪȫɱ綼ķŭ
뷨ܿ͹ȥˣߺԪǳԾĽЩԹգߺΪΪҲ˲䱩
ߺ꣬ͻڵĵǰ״Ľֻ꣬һ㴰ֽĺˣңߺҲûиӦԼʲô⡣
⺣Ȼûƭңǣȴ֪ȪԣЩԹȻԻȪ˵ͬõĲƷ
ߺвϵ˼⺣˵ģԶԼܾ˵ɽʬһɡ
֮˫ſĿǼƿ֮¶һ˿аЦ
ĻǾһɣ˵ţһӣеƿȫڸߺС
ߺƿȫ򿪣Уȣƣ̣࣬ɫ˲ϿգҵצҪǳȥ
룬ǽ뵽ҵڣΪһְɣ˵ţߺſһûЩ֣Լڡ
䡭
ߺڲϵǿԹ۳ڸߺ֮пʼŰ
ԪĴѹƣǣ٣ߺȫѹƲ
ã̫̰ˣߺд󼱣û뵽һȻԼ̰ˡ
ңиԹŲͬߺ˼һһεת䡣
ЩԹת䣬ߺԪʼѹһ֣øߺʼգǣһҲڸŸߺ˼롣
ڵĸߺͬһʱըһ㣬һгϲɫһʼࡣ
һᣬһ־ɫףһȻбɫһҲЦ
ĴĿ䵽ϣ屾Ҳòɣټ欵ģȴøߺӵԿˡ
飬ɫȻŲͬԹ̫ˣߺɫָ
ǣֻһٴλָ˸ո
Щ޷Ĩȥģϲŭ֣ɫġ
ոɫǴŭԸߺڸӦʱ򣬸ܵһǻŭҪ綼ٵĳ嶯
ڣ⼸ϲ֣壬
ոԹߺȫʱ򣬸ߺ뽫ѹ£Űڣ֪һжԹĹ
Ϊ˲Լ󣬸ߺȽе
ǣߺֵǣԼ֮еѰңȻ޷ѰҵԹټصĺ
ûа취֮£ߺֻܽ۵ģԹ
ԪԷѹȥҲǿ֮Էѹȥ
ڸߺԪ֮£ԹֱèɪɪֹߺԪ˲ͽ֮ˡ
ȻҲ֮ˡ
ڸߺϣʼǿƣǹɺƣϮŰķƬأ򣬶˺еĵطбûĵش
ߺĺ֮УȻ̺ǿԹһ˲ͽЩˣЩʧȥʽ⡣
ȫ˲ʬһĴڣǿʼߺŲʧȥޣ½Ÿߺгݡ
֮УеĸַеĶҲ׷ߺϿգڸߺϿգ·ڸлߺ
ߺΪһ˲ͻˣǺصľ磬ҲǳɹĽ׳ΪĽꡣ
˫ۣûһ˿ȣϲһ˿鶼ûУӵеģֻ޾飬뺮Ŀ⡣
ЩԹĺ£Ҵģǲգˡ
ǶֵĿŸߺܣеĽʬԸߺгأϥߺǸ߸ϵľ
Сӣ̫̰ˣȻһɵͷΪȻٵǣҪƺԹԹˣһʬˣ
ǵĵ˵ʹǸߺͻƵǺ۷ľ磬Ҳ£ȫ
ܲϣߺʹȥΪ滹׶һƿأǾɫΡ
ǶֻҪһܹȻĻҶһ
ֻн֮գûн֮һ˵Ҳ棬һֵĽ֮µġ
潨ˣƬ½ǿһߡ
ʱѾ۷״̬ˣǣû뵽Ҳûа취˵ҵҵϡ
Ϊ˼ңɱ¾ĸ۳֮ҵĺ
ôԹҶǽߵԹѾˡ


581 
ЩԹԭûͣǰ꣬һֱҵİοǣеԹȴǴδʧ
һδԹһֱвҵˡ
ңЩԹԽԽٵ֮£ҲԽԽŨ𽥳ɳزҲ˵Թ
ЩԹҵĺޣνǵһˡ
ʮʿ֮ߣҲƺұ
ԣҵǣеҪߺЩԹҲΪʲôߺ˵ԼܹԹ֮ǻԵɡ
ϧﺣҲҪߺİȫΪˣΪҵ档
ӸոտԿԹһҵ˾ͻչʮǿֻŭͿǲ¡
¾ǣҲᱻɱ
ǣԹڸߺԪ꣬ȴĿ־壬·𣬸ߺǸ߸ϵĽ棬̻һ
ֺǿԽĴڣɪɪ

ߺͻ׵꣬ʽĽ֮ʵҲǵõһʵºԱǧ
һȭƶɱƣߺֻҪһЩͻ˲ѡ
ңߺĺ֮У̺ŴԹǵסߺģ׷ʧˣΪһ߾ʽ⡣
汾ڶԸߺгصĽʬȫں֮ڣ޳ͷ֮ա
ߺ۾ȴǱ仯ĴԽԽ죬ѵʱ򷴶ԽԽˣһ쳤ЦȻʹ
ι켫ˣһ񲡵Ļһ
ȥǰ취ǻ߰ɣտߺΪȻмǾȣǵġ
ûͻƵĸߺѾŰˣڵĸߺ֪жôǿԿ϶ԼǶ֡
ڵѾԸߺ־壬ߺһɽһѹϣܺ
ʲôûɣΪԺңһҪֵ󣬼ʹҲһҪص˵
ոŭԹս֪˵ûԹߴһĻңҲ֮ܵ֡
ͬʱҲľȻľͲߺԪԼ˲ͬǱǻҪԸôһЩ
ǣû뵽ߺԪߵ̶ֳȣϿɵģ壬Ԫ֮£ޱȡ
ôΪܹЩߺԪֻĴأ

ϧߺûش⣬Ҳûплش⣬ΪڵĸߺյĽҪʱء
ոսеԹ֮󣬽ţĿϲԹϣϲԹԹ˵ͬͬ塣
кܶͬģҲôѶȣߺ˾飬ԣҲѡ
ܿģߺԪ꣬ϲԹˣʼԼΪЩԹ뵽ߺ֮С
ڸߺԪΪҲ۷壬ҲĽڡ
Թ̺֮ʵ̫ӴˣȻߺΪӲĶ׶Ρ
ߺо泩ޱȣǣͬʱҲоԼ֮УЩԹڸıԼԪԡ
ڸߺԪǳ׵ĺԹˣԹĺǲຮ
Թ뺮ǷǳǿĴڣԽһƬκɴƬĽʬ
ڣϲ֮⻯ɽʬĳ̶ȣǱֹ
˵ֻҪߺһֵĵرɺôǸطˣ߶ֻҪܲסߺĺͻ᳹׵Ļɽʬ
ߺˣֻԹԭԼԪ֮вźԹġ
ǣԼԪ֮УͺзǳԹ˵ЩԹߺ֮еԹˡ
ԣߺ֮бкеԹŻôǿ
ԹݣƬ˺Щ֮бӴԹк׶궼ˡ
ǵ꽥ĸıԹ׳Ϊߺū͡
ϣߺģѾˣЩʬҪĽӴߺ
˭ߺ֤˭ǿһЩ
ǣߺռԼ壬ڵԼһɵ
û뵽ԹȻôǿ󣬳ѹԹʱ򣬾Ȼ룬ʱ˸ߺĻ꺣˼롣
ǣҹߺ˫޾еҪһŮӽϡ
ԶԶľ壬ǣǰĽʬǰ룬ߺļ֮£һֻӳ
ǴƬĽʬ˲俪ʼ𣬴ǵͷʼʧڿС
ҲǸߺͻ֮ʵǿԵʣĺ֮ڵĶʲôֻҪסһܵĿơ
һ仰֮䡣
ߺ嵭ҵȥɢɫЦǣ㲻Ȼ֪飬ŮˣǱЦˣ
˵åϲãң㲻ҪҲܶԲã忴ߺԼ˫ۣǿҵռֱ
㶼˵ˣåռˣǲƺأңҲϲҰɣҪȻĻͲὫóˣҪԲãҲԲԼ
˵ţߺЦݸӵĹˣѾǵķԱߣ־ֻȥ
䡭һȦ˴ཻĵطɢߺ弱ٵĺˡ
ʹߺĽ꣬Ǻ۷ΪԲ𾳽ߣûκεƻ
СӣѾԹסԼ壬ǱԪһɣǾ޷ͻֵģҪȴ¡
ߺһЦңΪԼ棬ɱô಻ߵǾʲô˾
ΪԼΣͬаҵ壬˿ҵΣǵòȻļ˵ˡ
ΪԼҲںоҰɣһӦøлأ
ŸߺĵĻɫ㱣ߺ˵ûǸߺܹԹͽ֮ɱˣôء
оǣոҲߣȫܸߺǣʣһԹûأҪߺеԹյ
ʱ򣬸ߺ͸ûκεĹϵˡ

ǵɫı仯ߺЦ֪Լ˵ˣΪܹס𣿡
ߺһ£ȻһƿװжƿӳС
㲻򿪣ԱȻжͣ룬ʮֵԸæ˵ţߺĽһƿӴ򿪡
ƿڵλãڣһɫİɾУ
ɫԹצɫԹһԹĽ塣


582 ʳа
໡ķ𶯣ǣӦܵĺʱȴһ𣬿Դͷߺ
ߺϱŲ㺮ⷽԲأúӡסˡ
ɫĿǰĶû뵽Թǿ󰡣ȻѾǣ
ҵļֵܣȫˣҪϣΪϣҸܵǵϢɢľ񲨶Щÿ˵ĶС
ҲǴʧɫû뵽ôȥˣҲǿһԹȻѾˡ
˵ֻǿԹɵģǺѲǵģֻṥԼ޵ĳˡ
ǣԹһʼڿǣȻ֮䣬˶ԼвĴڣҲǶвԴͷߺ
ߺȴǺ⣺ôҪ룬ڵѾûˣ
ȻԹǿ󣬵ǣߺţԼĻȪԪѹסԷԪԹĴڡ˺񻹲ͨĴء
ˣ꣬ѾסԼˣԼ߳ȻĻԺһ°˼ˣ
ԹЦм˵Щһӳȥҵ˵ģڿСһﵹǰҵæˣҾͳȫѣ
˵ţԹĿŸߺڷ֮е壺ҵСѾͷܺãܺãҿΣͶˣһǣҳ֮Ҿͻɱǣ
ߺоԼͷһԺͬʱҲΪԹľԷڵѾˡ
ո˵Щʲô˼ߺǿסԼε˫֮бĿ⣬ɱ˵
ԹҲڸߺľ񣺡û뵽־Թ֮ȻǿˣҲͻһ磬ȫûпܵġôһ仰ԹɸӡڣҾԹĸӡ
˼ǣߺ˫һ޵ɱӿ
㻹İɣǵʹȫҲ޷ΪУΪΨһܹв㣬ȴģֻҪɹ֮ҽɱʲôҲûˡ
˵ţǶͻȻߺͻȻоԼȻڼٵļӾ硣
Ϣʼôһ˦βͽǵķָƿˣ漴дһȥ
ɫɷף׵סˣԷа񣬺ԼĻҪа
ȻԼ͸ߺϣȻԼУǽԼ塣
Ҳ̫֪ˣȻŮӴߣΪ𣿻ǽ°ɣΪҵĳˣһ°ɣ
˵ţ̤ƣڶԷǰȻһаԹȫ
֪ΪʲôжΪеа񣬶ҵϣ˵ţߺ徹ȻеķȻҲǵзɳ
ǰȥô˵ҲһθĸĽ붴ɣ
˵ţԹӿߺİΧ档
Ҫ˵Ըߺ飿Ҳǣ׻˵ǰߺΪԵʣַʽܾԼжԸߺİ
ǣҪ˵аҲǣΪڻûϸߺ
ȫǳ˵֮⣬ߺڵԹƣ滹жԹ
˫й֮£ߺȻ׵ʧԼǡ
͸˵ˣȫıˡ
֮У໥Էȥߺǿħˮģ׷ױ¶ڿУҵϢ鲼ռ䡭
ǣǻأ뵱γɵʱ㻹֮ءԹڿǽ̸
İɣҲôɱͶǵĺ֮ǰὫһɱԹڿйЦ
ûڲѣСӣ˭㽫ҵıŮģȻĻҲᡭ㡭
ףĴˣˡﰡ
ˣҲ֪ܻ೤ʱ䣬ʲôðҿǳ׵ˣ

¹ȥˣڼ䣬ʧȥǵĸߺʧȥǵ壬ϵĽнϣ嶼е㲻ˡ
µʱ䣬ԸıܶණڸߺǣߺѾ׽ԹԹɹյˡ
ûǵʱЩԪڲľ̲ʳŸߺڵԹ
˵ߺǣҲһѣ죬׵ĽԹյˣµһС
ߺŭ죬ֽ꺣֮еˣ˴·ŭĿӡ
ߺҪɱ㡭֪Լףߺȥˣ˫֮ǷߺޣŸߺ˫ۣҲɱ
ߺܹȻȫı˿ˣңֹϵԼˡ
˵֮ǰ۷ϵʱʱ˿ƣԼԵʣʧȥ˼Եʡ
ڼԼҲǰޣŻôģǣȴȫͬ
Ҳɱ㣬ҲɱģΪҶǱΣߺԽ˵ԽǷŭѾûٽȥˡ
ԹҪɱһеΪߺһķƶܵԹɵķ֣˲ѡ
ߺһ·ڿУһšȫš
ԹڱĿ񣬵ǸߺƵһɲǣˣ㡭֮еʲôԹԹԹϢȻȫʧˣ
ǽ͸ˣߺڵзǳļû̽ԼΪǷܹսĹԷֻһĵǱ
ߺϱĺ㲨Է㸲ǡ
ԹŤԼ壬ߺĲ㺮ͬռ䣬һ𶼻ޣƬռ䶼޵Ĵڡ
ߺûһ˿־壬ֻǿŶԹ˫֮ŭ𱬷ȻԹϡ
ǺȻԷסˡ
ߺҲڶԷϣߺ޼˵ѾȴеſھڶԷҧȥ
һȥԷ˲һԹԹŭܵһжޡ
æסԼĶ뾫㱵ŮʧǷ֮ء
ߺԹսڼߺһڿڵĽԷҧԹҲ۵Ĵңңֱʡ
˲ͳ̫֮ϣͻ̫죬̫֮ϡ
ߺȴ˿˼ֻǽץסԷϣԼ˦ȥһڿڵĿʳԹ塣
ǶԹȻԸߺһ취ûУֻÿԼ屻гΣ󣬱ȫ˽ȥ
䡭
һڣߺԽȥ֮󣬸ߺ֮УȻǿĺЩɲͬ仯ɳԸߺΪģڸߺܡ


583 壬
ȻԸߺΪģϵķ֮УдȻߺǵԹȫˣеĶȴŸߺ
Ǵĸߺ飬ߺǲϵı仯Ÿֱ飺鰡ҽȻһξ鵽ˡ
ϵһøߺ鵽˼µ飬Ȼ˵ڶԸߺһ˿ңǶڸߺԼ־ȴŲɹĺô
ǵıѾ𣬾ԹҲˣƾܹӰ쵽ңߺ
ŸߺԱԽԽڸߺǼҲ׷׵ɢ󣬾Ȼȫ黯
ߺ˫͵ſ
Ѿ޼һ£ȻʼںϳһңҲɢߺԽԽ䡣
ɡߺŭ׷׿ʼһۣǣȵɫĶ۵ʱȴ⡣
·𲻽ļУ۸ߺô֮ںһ𣬶ûа취ɹ
󣬾ʼŰ׷׷룬ٴŸߺ
ڸߺǰȻһˣʲôŵˣҿǲˣ̫֮ϣ
ߺȻԼ˫ۣ޵ĺͷųţǺˣ
ѪŵĴӡѪѪ£Ǹӵ˵ɢѪζ
ңһɺɫϢϿʼɢſ
˴Ѫռˣ㻹ذɣһ㣡Էһ˵ģ
ܵԷϢѾᣬΪûеĻϢ
һϼһˣԳѪʱøĳ֪𣿻Уո˵һòͷ𣿡ߺ˵ͣһ¡
֮ϬĺƬռ䶼ʼǣûдﵽֶǧľ档
ߺϸĴһܣʱԼֻſʳǶϵԹˣûע⵽ʲôط
ȻҲûע⵽ڵΪʲô̶ȡ
ܵʱ˲ͱǰľסˣһƬģֺҹĺڣǴĺڡ
ǣߺƫƫֹܹĸоøߺܵѪ
ңܶ壬СС壬ǳ𺳡
˵ʲôطߺһ·ֻź۷ҧǶϵԹûвԼһƬڡ
Ƭǿ֮УߺĴܣ˿ûע⵽ǰǸһˡ
ȻСңҷУҿҲǵһñү̽㣬ʲôǰɣ˵ţѪµ¶һ˿̵Ц⡣
ȥɡ
Ѫ·𣬶ŸߺһȭߺûԷĵزǺصΪ
ǣڸߺУԷٶȼֱǱţҪ
ϱǿĺ⣬Ԫһ־ͽס˶ԷһȭͷԪӿԷȭͷ̱ˡ
˵ﵽʲôطߺޱ飬յ˶Էǰ˵
ԷҲǾּˣԼһȭȻûʹȫǣԷ׾ͽˣҲǸǵġ
桤Ѫޱߣ
ѪµϣȻӿѪƬģѪɫĺˣӿߺڵѪʱѪˣҲ
ߺ΢ѪͲڷһУҺ￴ʲôˣ
ڵţԷѪȻһ˵Ѫ
Ѫûе̶ֳȰɣƾһССʦȻô͵Ǻӵľ磿ߺһ¡
ѪѪͷдģѪֻǰеڣԴѪܱ֪ѪŵһǧɡѪҲҵʦΪƽϢεɧң֮ѹŵѪ֮£ǰأѾǺӾΪˡ
Ŷôߺ˫΢УеĺбҲ޵ɢź
Ǻ쳣ѪˣȫһѪ
ƬѪ˺ԷһУȻڸߺûͷ֮£ͳ׵ıˡ
һ°ɣߺ΢ЦŶѪ˵
֪ԼѪеڣҲڵѪǾͻⲻġ
ԣ֪ڵĵڵ׳ɳʲôزˡ
ԷĽͣߺףǴεĳͷֻ˶ĿѪŵѪأ֪ǼΪΣյĵط
Ѫ֮УȫѪĻѪҺΪѪصһӡ
Ѫͷ˵ʵڵҲǲпᵽˣеĵ˶оѪĺݶġ
ǣǲ֪ǣѪػһЧǾˣɾͲѪǣּʣֻмʮڷ֮һ
û뵽Ѫôһ˿ʺˣɾ˲Ѫ
Ҫ˵ʣҲֻ߿Գƺ˸ûʸ
ŹܱΪѪǾȻеĺôǴѪľȻĻǲȫġ
ͬģòѪʩչΪǿ
ȻҲȻȫǺôⲻѪȻǿ󣬵ǣÿʩչһѪʵ
ӶԷĿУߺ֪ⲻѪ˵ѪеģֻҪ㹻Ѫô˵ΪҲͻٵ
ԭְ׳չҲΪ尡ߺ¶һ˿аЦһѪҵҪǿʲôز
˵ţߺ֮еԪӿ뵽Ѫµ֮УԹԪ뵽Է֮У֮ʴ
Ѫ±ڲϵŤԼ壬ǣȫʴʱ¶һ˿ܵı顣
ˡ
Ѫ¸ߺ£˵ѾΪһʬĽʬˡ
ߺĵ˵ͷڱһ񣬾ǽѪ
Ѫµ˵ͷʧƬǿգߺ̧ͷǿͼҪˣҵҪⲻѪǿģ
ȻܹɹɲѪǱҲܹѹ޼򷨹ڣ
ŸߺһŭϿʼɢĺЩɢܣܵһжסˡ
һƬǿգߺĺסڸߺܵӰĺϳһգǸӰϵš
ߺһһֻڸߺĶͷ̳֣бĺ
Ȼεķңۣ֮Ա⣡
ߺߵεı⣬˵ľԱ⣬굽壬Ա⣬Ӳߺı⡣
ҲǸߺ׵һֵزԲŻֳģҸߺ˼µ
ԣڸߺۣ֮ͷųԱ⣬ܹ˵꣬˵˼άܹ⡣
໡ǶڱסˣӰΪһ壬һڸߺš


584 ֲ
нǧɵĳȣڿвϵŰߺؼ֪ǿ϶ٱ
򷨹ģΨһߺ˵ڵıΪҲ֪ѾﵽʲôĵزΪӹ񣬻ûһص
ߺνǧһˣԣûбһ׹涨
վڿУڸߺı󲻶ϵŰǿգСʯ
ǧûһбȻҲûбķ򣬲罣ǵϵԳһףҲԼıг磡
뵽⣬ߺһӣǱȻСΧڸߺ壬ʧӰ١
ߺ·ͻ֣ᷢϣΧһ
ոǧɵıȻ仯˸ߺ
֮ȷе˵һ֮֮⣬ɴ֮ȻǶɽٵʱǷأ֮ڣ޼Ա⳾޼֮
ߺһһСϣһߵĸԼıֳ
һأ֮ڶأ֮أ޼֮
˵ؾ𽣵ĸߵ̫ˡ
˵֮ô˿ôؾ磬һؾ磬
ǣߺȴΪԼ̷մմţҹȻŰ
漴ߺǱĹ۲ԼΪڸߺΪԹ֮󣬲֪˶١
ԹѾǿ󵽲ˣڸߺ֮ȫˣһԹԼԪ֮еԹȫ
ЩԹ˿Թ٣ô
˵ߺûбԹӡɽʬˡ
ЩԹ״Ӻζڤʱϡǵãͷ˵Ȫ飬ģѵ˵Щ֮еĲ
ߺϸ̽Լ֮еö飬ҲʧӰˡ
ô£ѲɣЩԹǴǱ֮ɢģȫܰûоǱ̺֮Թ
ߺ˼⣬ϵķ˼һ棬ȴ̽Լʵ
ڸߺһε֮꾹Ȼǵ׵ĵزΪӵǿǺء
ոյѪͬľ磬ڸߺ֮е֪һˣǿ϶٣ԣߺҲǷǱѰ
ֲøոնԸѪǸ׳ջô򵥣ߺĬĬ˵
ߺ۷ʱ򣬾ѾŰĽ꾳ˣڵΪԸΪԼͬ׵˲򵥲Źء
ƣڵԼߣһս֮Ҫ֪ǿɾӽߵĵزˡ
ǺӾ۷״̬ǿǺӾ磬Ҳֻܳɳزˣ޴
ǰһǾǲߵĵزˡ
ѪʱһԿͷأߺ¶һ˿аЦ
֪ȥˣ治һȥˣߺ棬񿴴صǴ
УںϷһ顣

ˮǣҡ
ףңôˣΪʲôỳУҵļҳֽˡ
ΪѾ޵ĽӽߵľˣǼʱɸŰ顣
һȥһأһ֮ãʱȴһȫƲҵԼĴŮƢꡣ
ĸУܵһɼΪǿ
ŭ֮һ֮Уϥ²޶ӣֻôŮǴȥ򣬱ɰõĶŮ˼ɲ
һֱƲ֣ѾоޱˣԼԼĴŮǻˡ
ǣȴ֪˭ҿӣǶһֹģֻʣ̾Ϣ
ۣõҼôͿĵһĪĵү
ԼŮǻδŵĹŮˮǵĵһŮû֮һºˣǽ尡
˭˭˵֪飬ΪЦܶԲļ壬˵Ц
ҵԼĸףҪһ
ε̾Ϣһ飬˶㻹ǲ֪Ϊã
ǲ߲ԺǴε¼۹ʮʿǵʿ͸˵ȥ
ûеõҪĴ𰸣ŭľҪ۹ѩޡ
ˣˣǵ飬ǡһиߺ꣡Ƿ·һ˺üꡣ
ߺ㡭ҧгݵ˵ţǣȻתͷſڣ˫վǣͬɵһ㡣
ǡǺģ㡭˵ϲȴΪʲôҪ֮仹˺ӡ
˫߶ţͬʧȥ˻ǡ
漴һڣ浹ȥæסԼŮ쳤ХߺҵˣȻŮݱˣҪʬΣѪҵŮϢŭ
漴ԼĸȰ裬Ŷ´ǣѲߺ߲͹ˣң߾ܣΪ顣ҵȫƲϧ
ǡе˶ȥ´Ϣˣ۲ҲƲ˿в٣Ϊڶ
Ȼ˵ֻǣʵۺҲɵġ
𽥵ĺ䶯ţߺ֮Ҳ쳹Աߵĵɢš

ڱͨһ£Զ̫֮ϵĸߺȻ֪ˡ
ʹ֪Ҳᵱһ°ɣϾڵĸߺ߲Բץס
ڵĸߺѪս֮УĥԼ
ߺΪȻȥˣǣҪĥ£˵һ¾Ϳȥġ
ѪҲǰ֮ˣֻʮĹͽѪ˴
ߺٸѪǣȴ˸ߺڵΪΣѪ£УͼææϹġ
һȦ׵ʱѾΪʱߺѾⷽԲǧȫˣѽĸȥˡ
ңѪѪµӣ֪ߺıǣܽ˻ɽʬȻǾľߺս
ֻвϵսʱܳһЩֻǣвϵԼүүϿϹ
ߺҲûô࣬ڵѪѾĽߣӵж׵򣬸ߺϵԼԵײ
ѪҲȷ紫֮һǿ󣬸ߺÿνԷײƣԷܹٵ޸
ڵѪ嶼ǺɫģѪζֱһѪˡ
ԷÿƿϵѪһ֣ԷҲ˲
ÿʱ򣬸ߺҲٵͣסԼĶԷָѪʱ䣬Ȼ󵱶Էոջָɵʱ򣬸ߺٴײȥ
ⲻϵߺͻˣٵ죬ֻӴһЩ
˵ĶֻɴСߺȴͬһ֣ȻɵķΧ


585 Ѫ
ѪʮֵأһѪۣ֮ÿһн۷Ӳȡ
ޱȣ̺ǿޱȵѪǱһȫѪᾡʧ
ȫΪƬϣ˵ǿˣ򣬸ߺԴӼҲԼļܹ⡣
ʮֵǿеĺͬԷΪãƺһЩĹЧ
ʲôЧߺڻ֪ûдﵽԼǸЧ
ǣߺţԼһᷢԼ򵽵ʲôĹЧ
ڲϵĴ֮Уߺ򽥽ĽףڣѾڵˣڸߺѪÿһΣԷ򣬶˲ѡ
ˣԷ嶼˲ķѡ
Ѫڲϵߺʵǲϵǿ˳֮£ǰ
ѪȻǿ󣬾ԷȻûÿķ֮ÿһ嶼ǧ˿ƵѪ˿Ȼ󽫶ѵĵطһ
µϣȻԽԽ޷ͷų۷ˣǶԷû
ⲻѪȻǿ󣬾ȻȲߵĲˣߺһ߹ŶԷһаľ
֮ԱǲߣΪ̺֮Ų
Ҳ뵽߽ײЩڿٵĻָƣżõãԿƲ
Ѫһ޷벻֮ȣǾǲӵж֫ͷٳĹЧѪ
ǽļ٣ֻҪ棬ǾͲ
ѪԼǿձ˵ģѪң˵ʱѪᱻϡ͡
ߺûеﲻ߾磬߾飬˽ĻǺ
һԿ϶ǾǲߵĲԼ̺֮һǾ軪Լġ
ȻʱԼЩڻָԼıˣǣĲֹˣ
ǵ̺Լ֮ڣҲ֪صȥˣڸߺΪֲǺǿԣҵԷĴڡ
ˡ
ڸߺ֮УȻߺԱߣȻһѪѪ֮еѪһ޶
޼֮֮ΪãߺڸոգɹĽΪ۷ˡ
ˣߺ޼֮еĺȻģ³ԷѪԼ֮УΪԼһ֡
ѪѪ֮еѪһ޶ʵͬˡ
УֹܣԶԷѪһ޶ǣȴ̺Ÿߺǿ֮
Ҳ˵Ѫ뺮϶ɵǿ
ߺ򣬸ոͨϵײԷ򣬾ȻԷһ˿֮ˣҳɹԼ֮֮ģ³
ԭҲ̫ǿ˰ɣߺЩ˷ܣֱǰԸ簡һݸһЩ
ңЩ򣬸ߺϵȷǿڰټ
û뵽ȻĹЧ۷ȷǺǿ󣡡ߺһ߸Ѫһ߲ͣ̾
Ѫߺ֮ģ˳ٳ߸ͷһԭѪӵļ񣬹Ҳӵǿ
ǾͿҵѪɣߺЦţһתƬ򶼱ˣ޼ˣһѪɵ
ЩѪ鲼Ƭռ䣬һѪɢѪˣƬһƬѪ֮ɫ
ʲôҵ㡭ôܻᣡѪʼ־ߺֱǸ̬
Լôǿ󣬶ңԼԷʩչ
ǶôŲſ԰쵽İڲڿ־壬ҲߺΪˣΪУֱԼجΡ
ɣѪɣߺ˫ԽķڿⲽѪĿ
ѪܷӴܣҪƬֲ磬ǣܶǱߺӡסˣ޴ӳȥ
ֻܿŸߺϵתԼһŵĲӣѪĿٵԾ
ǲӾԲ־塣
䡭
ߺı⾹ȻƬƬˣ棬һߴʮɵ壬޾֮С
СӣôĵӰȻҿҵͽܣɱҵԷĺ췢ƣһʺѪ˿ڿƮ
ҵ˭أԭѪķô÷ɲаǶ˵ˣҪ֮еķϣ
ߺѪӰ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ѪΪߣôܻǵøߺСĴڣ˵ʱߺǿὫ֮еġ
ʶңʲôʱѪҿô￴ߺɻ
ҿ㻹Ǳˣǹ˶£ϴǣңԼѪóˣңҲңѪʹԼȫ
ߺһ㶼־ԷĴڣϵƶԷöԷԼ֮ǡ
㣿ѪȻԼô𣿡
ڵѪ˶ɵˣԼүүѯʣҲǲţһ仰Ҳ˵
ǸˣΪ˽һȷеĸ㣬룬Ҫˣߺ˵ţЦݽʧ
ѪЦЦǲ֪ߵغˣȻҵǰ˵˵Ĵ󻰣ҸᣬֻҪϴͷһΣ
ߺɫûһ˿ʲôأҿˣǱҿܻ㣬ǣֻǷģңĺܻæû̺̫
Ѫڸߺǰʱ򣬸ߺ͸ӦˣԷûǴ˫ɯսʱǰǿ
ʱѪߺԶǣߺãʱѪԶԶûǸʱǿ
ߣССϣ˵仰ѾĪĶˣڣȥɣ֣Ѫмߺ˵ʲôˡ
ֱʹԼֵ֡
һǧɵѪ֣ӿг֣ߺȥռ
Щռϵѹڸߺϣߺ֣ЩռļѹԼܣȻռ伫˵ȹ̡
ԼҲ޷ˡ
ƾΪܹɱңߺҲûдߣһ䣺桤ѩ
ߺȻǹ⣬ûǴǹ⣬ǻǹ⡣
ıٴˣռ䣬û˵Ĵڡ
εǹ⣬ЩռĴڣô˳һ¾Ȼˡ
ֲ䵽˸ߺһ˿ǣȴӸߺôӸߺ֮д˹ȥ


586 ҺΣ
ԴӸߺ׵Ľ֮ĸȻҲǳɷˣѩѾɳˡ
ڵĸߺǿ֮֮ĿƣȻĻûܹסߺ
ʲôеŰѪ˳˼
ߺһʮֵƣߺһ㶣ţСµˣ
ԭߺεĸѩ̺Լ֮ң̺ſռ֮
ôʱĲ򣬸ߺȻûٴγɹռ壬ǣռ֮ѾʮֵĽӽռˡ
ߺеĿռ֮뵽Լһ֮УԲЩѹĿռ֮Ѫ֡
ԭΪ½ûܹռ֮ǣѪôһ˵ߺ֪֮УҲ̺ſռ֮
ΪǿĿռҲ˵
Ҫ˵ߺĸѩ˫ɯŵ֮ʵǲࡣ
˵ߺĺԷǾԲӵеģǾֻиѩɵһˡռ֮
Ҳһ˫ɯпӵС
Сӣֹ˵ʲôأ㣬˫ɯǸʲôϵѪϴγ˺˫ɯĴڣлΪء
ߺ֮ûһ˿˵ûйϵ޹ذɣβıҿߵʲôʵ
˵꣬Ѫķ˹ָѪⶼʲôһǺӾߣ²ߣһԲƵĶ
ʱıˣСӸóҩˣѪ뵽ǣȴûš
ߺһ٣ٶǿ벻̣ǿ˲ߵˣǴȥ˻Ц
СӣԼ޹ˣɣ桤Ѫǧ
ԷȻֱʹó֮ɱߺ֮ģǼᶨˡ
һƬƬѪˣӶԷӿÿһƬѪ˶аɵĸ߶ȣŸߺɵ
ңһѪˣǸߺеĻȫѪΪԷѪ˵ϡ
ңԷѪˣһǿһأǿѪڷɣһ˸һ˸ߣһ˸һǿ
ߺҲ¶һ˿˿Ц⣺桤أ
˵ţߺԼ˫֣ڰ׵ĺֱӸߺ˫ֱֱֱĳǰѪ֮С
ǿѹߺ㱻ѹѪ
סˣԷѪƽǺӾˣʹûбǿ󣬵ǣԸߺΪԿߣȻǺܳġ
뵽Ѫ֮еĺϵĽѪסǰѪˣߺ˻ᣬѪ˵״ֵڸߺǰס֮Ѫ
ߺһУҲϵĴԽѪˣɹĽ֮ȫס
еһжʱ򣬸ߺҲʧˣڸߺѪ֮䣬صѪˣЩѪ˶˺Ѫ
СӣȻǿ󣬾ȻסһУֲĲѪɱ㣬ץס
Ѫ˫֮кһ˸˵ǰɱߺΪԼôڣҪɱߺˡ
ߺţֱ̫ǿˣɳԼЩƵߣû֮ˡ
뵱Ǹˣǵ壬۷壬ƿնȥ
ΣգӦöɱҡ˵ʵڵģ㲻Ӧý֣ǰĻҲϷΣգ
Ѫûż֣٩٩̸
ߺչ¶һ˿Ц⣺˼ǣͬһͷڹꣿԲҰ첻ҸߺȻʵˣҪһսǣǴǽԼΪϣݺݵļ̤ȥ
ͱˣ桤Ѫ
һʺϢӶԷϵǺɫƵĶȫһƬѪ񣬿ʲôεˣ㲨ɱһ㡣
ߺȴû˿Ŀֻţһͷϳ˵öۣ棬޼Ա⣡
ո˵꣬ߺҲǿĺ֮бǿϢƬѪɫĲȫıˣΪһ塣
桤֣
Էٴʩչ֣ǣε֮ǰʩչȫˡ
ƽĵߺȥֻ䣬һѪɫӡҲӰб
ĸѩλ᲻ɥҵУѪڿвмŭ
ߺܹӦһ֣Էþ֮еֻ֮ҪһУôԷҲûа취Լˡ
ǣߺʹ˶ǿѾõĲˣֻĿԼ
Ҳ죬ңߺȻˣޱȣϵ·Ȼʼƣϣɢһĺ⡣
ǺڸߺܿʼΣգ۳һ
ߺŭҲǶ弱ıΪߺΪģβͽߺ
ӣȻǧɵĳȣȻǸֻЩ࣬ƲǺ෴ǿһЩ
ߺıڿţ¾ͽԷȻʼսҲϵ˺ҧš
Է֮ǳǿ󣬵ǣȴǸӵǿ󣬿۶ɵġ
ǿʲôزߺ֪ǣ֪ƾԹʹһ˿֮ûС
ôܻ᲻ǿԸԷֻзֱֵ
ǣԷ֮ʤӴԣߺıԷȫնϣҧɾʱҲӴըˡ
䡭
գʼϵķɹһıУߺһͻһԳڸߺ
ߺѸٵѪߣӶԷϣһѪ
Է·þˣûκεķӦ
ʵҲȷþˣѪ̫û¹򣬵ֻӵٷ֮һʵ
û뵽ǣߺȻѾǿֵزˣڸߺһеĹ֮£ԼþˣȻҲû˺Է
ôǰ㲻ҪǲҪ¿ɾʹ˰ߺץסѪĶѪ˵
СӣȰ㻹ǲҪô嶯ĺãѪΪУûκεĺô
Ѫ˵ԼѪŵסߺ֡
ǣ͹˸ߺľģǶԲɱѪͲҸûʵɱ˴ӣôҾ˵ΪӱѪޣ
СӣҾϷȻһֹ׷ɱ㡭
û˵꣬ߺͿʼͷųѪһѪѪϻߴѪ
Ѫ嶼ɱɱˣҺأ


587 ͨ
СӣҪɱ㡭ߺԼ벻飬Ѫ˶ˡ
ԼǷĹŸߺǣߺȴֵ֮ˡ
Ȼǿ󣬵ǣȴԶԶҵĶ֣ıɣֻһ룬㹥±ӣҲȻҵĶ֣
ߺһ˵ţָ΢ЩѪӷĿʼΧѪӲϵתѪһλС
һѪϵĴӶԷϴѪ䵽Լϡ
ÿһƬѪԷӱһ飬ǲϵˣԷѪЩˡ
ڵѪɱһĺУңʮֵĸɱ񣬾һһ㣬ȫûһ˿Ѫ⡣
Ѫ⣬е㲻ˣҪĹͷҲɵߺһ˿аĹâ
һЩ뵽УѪãȫıһӰ֮С
ããߺҴӦ㣬ֻҪŹ꣬Ҹұ֤֮ĶԹһʹΣ
Լ꣬Ѫķ֪Լôһ˿ϣֻҪڣԼתĿܡ
ǣԼѰһߺõ壬ΪᣬʱԼѪûжϾ
ߺǲмЦЦһʹ㵱ɵǵĶԹѾ̶ֳˣʲôͽĿأ
ѪЩѹֲסԼеŭˣ˫۱˳Ѫɫûһ˿۰ס
żҪҪҺúأΪ𣿡ߺ֮ϼٵתڰɫɫ˫֮ϡ
ߺһֻ۾˰ɫһֻ۾ȫ˺ɫ
Ѫ˫֮УѪߺߺ˫֮УҲһһף˲ͽԷĿڰգұˡ
Ի죬˵ҪɱˣҺΣߺĿԲĺϣǳǧѪ˲ʹѪĹͷ
ѪĹͷ˲ѣ꣬Ǳߺ׵úˡ
꣬ں֮ʹ˻ţȻڿٵıСڸߺ֮У·һ˿ڵĵ
ѪʧʱڸߺѪɫ֮УһҲУģѪһģһ
ǣߺѪԼ֮еı仯æȥ
ֻŰԷȻϵЩѪֱֹͣˣôƯǡ
굽ʲôЧߺв죬ǣеѪȴĲ롣
ߺòʶ̧٣ȻĻһѪŶͨ㣬Զڱ׷ɱ֮У
˵꣬Ѫһתʧڿ֮С
ߺ˫һУͨǲǰȻĻ̶ȵͨһ治أ
ѪսҲøߺԼʵķ룬ǺӾʵ
ʵ˵ʮǺӾ綥ߣԼĺʹһٸҪ˵Լ
ǲ߳Ȼ¹ߺ޴ȥ
˿ԱߵѪѪȻڵͽҲڱ֮ͨ£
죬Ѫ˴ͷˣû룬ԼûбԼøߺݺݵһ١
ߺ˵㻹ģһԶ͵صģǣڴ֮ǰһý飬ΪЦɢڴ½ÿһ䣬ֻҪס
˵⣬ߺѪ˵˵˵ĶԲԣǲǻհ찡
Ѫޱĵ˵ͷ£Ȼᰴ˵ķԸ飬ǣ
ʧȥĽʬ˵Ͳʲôп־壬ԣѪвһöûС
ˣѪзߺޣһ˿֮ǾʹȥıҲյһˡ
ԣѪʹ˷ŭûѡƴ
ٵĴԽڿռ֮УԶȥߺҲûиϾɱԷϾвߵһ˿֮
ǹǽѡԱߺԼҲûа취ӵùԷԱ
ôҸոյ˵ȥɣסҪĶѪŵ׷ڱԺԵˣ
ߺתԸѪٶ۵ĵ˵ͷ
˵ţ㿪ʼȥߺȴˣҸȥأˮǣЦˣŮոձԼȻҲģǵȷôһ£
ȻˮȥɣǾȥĳаɣߺ¾ģлӵģΪ顣
뿪ʱû̽һ£ĸǲĲ
ȻԼô˵ǣȴˮԱߵĳзȥҰοԼǻȥ̽һûУȻٺòˣ
ߺһȽǣǿɣˮԱߣΪһзȥ
ˮǣҲҵĳУڴ˵ؾҵܲܽ෴ҵפ١

ߺˮǵĴϣе˾ȻԼָָģԼߣЩ˿Լ֮ϲͷȾܡ
ô£ߺв뵽Ҫ֪ԼȻǿ󣬵ǽʱѾǱסԼԪΪˡ
ңˮȻûˮôǣҲһˣҲôȰɡ
ϢĪڲ͹ݲ¥֮
ԣߺ¥ȥǣߵ¥ǰ棬סˣΪǰһŻ
üޣݰףŷǳ˧
ȥ˭ôúͱ˧أѵϻô˧ˣҸҳҲм񰡣ߺ
Сֿȥ
ҵͨ죬ңԸʹĲ񣬲ңӦṩϢһ
ɱߣ
׽ߣңһɳĸֱʮˡ
ߺһ߿һԱ߲ͣ²ۣȥȥĸ۵ģȻҵңǻˣڶЩˣ쿴˽ʲô
ߺͬҿⲻ𣿡ߺǸֿȥʱԵдţͨиߺ
ߺɫ˲ոˣȥ񾭲𣿾ȻΪ˴ҡ
ԭǸͨˣңдأʱһԣһ˶ŸߺٺֱЦ
ߺһ£漴Ӧˣӣ˵𣿡
ǰСӣ˭û뵽ΪôҲǰ׬ģ
˵ţͶԸߺ˹ȥߺޱ飬Ŵ˳
˵ΪҲ㲻ˣǺصľ磬۷ꡣ
ڸߺǰΪЩ
˳嵽ߺǰʱ򣬸ߺȭͷԷæܣоԼ˸ߺȭͷеĵߺȥ
ǣոǱȭͷȻٴγǰ


588 
顭
˱ʱٶȣ浹ɳȥߺϣ˾һȭߣװӢۣ£Ӿ͸һʵΣ֪Ǯеʱ򣬲ô׬ģ
žž
ԷҲڸߺӢµȭ֮Уϵİţ磬ҴˣŹҰɣ
⣬ߺȭӣӣ˭磬ģ亰Ҵ磿
үү֪ˣвУȥҵӡ໡һǺһ

ãߺͣǼһûУûоվػ
ã˺ܺϣ磬֪ʲôվʱ׵Ĳˡ
˿ոգߺ˵ʱ磬ûаߵĸ߰ˡ
֪ˣߺֱһħٻ갡̬һȫˡ
˵ΪʲôҪͨң֪𣿡ߺ˵
˳һ£á
졭˵ָͷϣû©磬ߺȥһơ
ǳ׵ķˣҪ˵˼ұͨأ緶û˵˿
ԷԪɣԼ۳Ȼ˵ˡ
˵ǰҵĴСүȥ֮󣬾Ϳʼͨˣң˵꿪ʼǼҵĴС㣬ȻС΢¡˴ǻˣ
ԷЩߺһ飬ߺҲŵˡ
ԭԼ̫֮ϣ޼ԼѾȥ֮ˡ
ǰĶӺûʲô飬ӽ꿪ʼԷʼ˻ڼķӦ
ҵ飡ߺϵԼؿڣ˵
ǼһҲǺ֮ˣæʲô飿
ž
ߺһкȥƨ£˵˵ļ򵽵˭
ȻһǣϾԼŮˣȻԼԸ֮ʲôƽ޹ʵĴһñӣߺҲз¡
ģһҪǸ򣬴趼ʶ
˵ҵСүȥңҹİɣԷһһоԼյӡ
ңҼǵһңϴǸ׳հɣߺϴνˮǻʱһԼй
磬Ҹ˵Ķ˵ˣ˰˿ߺ˼˵һ䣬ȻŵԱȥ
ߺǺȻ΢΢𣺡ôôˣߣȥңһδַң
һҴ·УΪʲôǰ˶ˣһ
ԼҪ𣿽һٲ˵ø£һǴַҡ
ʲô°ԺӢ۵飬ǧˡ
а¶ģߺҲǶѣЩˣҪǾԼ
Ҫ˵ԷʵܸԼʲôãҪһȥĻ׸Ͳˡ
ⷽҵˮǵ򣬲ǿ
ΪûвߣԲŻΪģǷһ߳շԼ˵ҵңҲʲô¡
죬ҹţҵļˣǰŰݷá

ҷɽǺ밡ҵļзɽĶӣҲǴθߺˮǿķ٣ֽ̨
̨õм˧֮һŮһ㡣
˳ãĸ֮뷽Ӹ룬Ҳ᷽ҵˣĳƺǣһȺӣвŮļһ
ǣгô¹ʣ˶ԣŮ֮еĺӣǷ̨ġ
ΪԴҳ֮Ҳֻз̨ȥܣһüΣԼļҶ챻Էɼˡ
ǣԼŮеǸ̥Լ֮ǣֵǣЩ̥ҩĸУ˼Ķ
û㱻ɺɢ
͸˵ˣԼĸеĸ֣ȻøеǸСһһ취ҲûС
ңɳƽӤһ꣬ˣżԼŮС΢΢¡
ֻ΢΢ϸ
ģֻãӲԼƤвŮļˡ
Ҳ֪ԼŲ̊ûʲôԴ廳֮Լֻȼ棬˸涼ϡ
̸˵й뷿֮ˣǣƫƫԿη

˽Լ˵һ飬ʮֵĺţǼ飬Ѿסˣǣж˰ɣ
֪λү˵ʲôǰԲģ⡭֣޶ۣ⣬ɷ񽲵ͨ͸Щ
ǣһпɶߺ˶֮У˲һǼһ˵أԭģҵŮˣȫ𣡡
ߺһšӣӿתݶˣߺȴȵվڴġ
ңðҲߺޱ飬˵ȫˣ죬ҾΪԼµ
ǸߺڸߺòѾģ̻ͬеһߺһ˲֪˾ԼŮĸߺ
ȥɣˣԼƾߺȥǿ˲ͽĩ
ҸӶҪˣʲô°ǿӵİɣҲ̫ɾˣ˵ˣҾ߶û£
ߺԷֵٶȼ죬ң̺ܵĿռ䶼ʼƬƬ˺ѿ
ϲ飬ȻɱңҪƤߺҲȭͷԷֵȥ
䡭
˵弱ٵĺˣոཻĵطռǳ׵ĻˣǿܵĻľյĸɸɾ
һʮֲݣ⡭ȥǵʲôģҪɱǡɽܻĶŸߺͳ˹ȥ
ߺͷϣԴ˵һȭȥģһˣ̸֮
޳ܵ棬˶ݺݵ˵
ߺҲòɶİ࣬㻹Ϊ˸ȻԼŮ˽ͨ
ǻС飬ԵʣŮʧ𣿡

һ˵ţһȭӣȫ˵Ĳһ£Ȼȫˣ̸ܲ
ɽΪȲϸߺһȭ֮󣬱ԶԶˣ̨ҲǸԼĸףܵԶԶġ
ְåɽͷϵĺˮǷҳԵȢǰ֮ܽû뵽ǵô鷳

㻹˸ףһ¶ˮ
ֵ°ܻҺ޲ýǧС
ǵùˣ

ûԪû꣬ôȭȭ⣬йԼеŭ


589 ޷ֹս
ףǲȥæ𣿡̨һԲ˵ǿǻҪҵֻҪܣǵͿԱ
ɽεҡҡͷĳ˵׳հԷܺҼĲ£ôȥæȥˣˣңǿҲ𲻵ã
˵仰ɬģ룬ԼļսˣԼȴû˿İ취ȥȰܶҡ
ͬʱҵķҲͬĻǸСӣȻҽǵóף㲻ȥˣ
ҡҡͷܺߣߺҲǱΣ˵ףҵĴִ⽫ԹڣҲᷢôµˣңԹԼֻܵͷѾǲеˣֻǿҵıŮ
˵ţķ俴ȥŮһܸߺ裬һϵߺȴܵ˺
žǸո̾һһյԴϣ˵ҲˣͲһŮ𣿡
⧲֮£һĲȥ
ף㵱Ҳ밡ǣҲûа취ԼԴ滹һʹء
漴ǿߺսķε̾ϢԼ飬Լɣ


˺սˣﲻϵĴŴССӣ˵ˣʲôҲ䵱ĸף˵ȻһҪ˺㣡
ƾ㣬˺ңϼһǧҪ˺ˡߺϾߣǿ׳΢Ϣһ£ͻָˡ
ߺǲмĻŭˣСӣȻô˵Ҳû취ˣҿô˺ҵģ
˵ţϵƽıǿܵĽһ˲ǿƣϵضӲıѹһףؿʼѡ
ߺ¶һ˿аЦ䰡㻹ûʸ񣡡
ϱΪٵĽ⿪ؼһƬϺضƬˮǶ϶ļڡ
ңϱĺķҵļҶūͣڸߺĺֵһɲǣȫȻˡ
꺣֮е꽥ʧ˫ȫûһ˿۾ȴǲϵĶ
ǣԹСӣҪˮǣսߺĺһɲǣ˾͸ܵˡ
ڸһ£ǸߺԪĵطһڣ֪ˣߺѾԹԼԪΪһˡ
øߺŰȥˮǾͻһǣ˵ȫɽʬҲ˵
ߺҲô޹ȥҵˣȻӦãǣ˿û
˵飬ûзԣȾͳĳΪһâʧ̫֮ϡ
ȻҲ˲ҡֱϣ˲ʹ̫졣
˵ȽȽ̫֮վסˣңң
ڵ̫Ըߺ˵ֱ£ҲˣΪʲô̫Ǻǿ֮£ûϵ
̫ͬһ̫棬ʲôûУûУ͸Ҫ˵ˡ
Ͳܴв䣬̫ȴǳĺ񣬾ߺУҲ÷аա
ߺٶȫУǺӾ֮µˣȫҲ˰£ǵ֧Ųסôá
СӣͦʶʱģƬǿգķسˣ˺ݺݵ˵ϵٵۡ
䡭
ǿբ֮ӿĺϯķŰռ֮е
ã۷꣬۷ǺӾ磬ҪľˣãҲҪҵǿ󣬻Ϊʤһ
ߺҲ˿Ҳ꣬Ǻصľ磬ôܻ¶Էء
УԷԼʧܣҲʲôֵġ
桤һոյսУͲͷˣԣԼ
һƬ𺣴˵ϱǻ𺣲ûֱӹߺܲϵۣ󣬾Ȼʵ塣
Ǹߴɵӣķģ涼ǻ״
ӡŭһȭӳӱߺȥ
ߺӰһǸӣǣСǸӵһӴĺϮ
ԭЩ治ֹһӣٸϵߺȥģߺûеطܡ
ȻǾͲܹˣ桤ֹˮƬƾֹʱ򣬾ɢʱ򣡡ߺվһ
ϱǿҵĺӸ򿴣һ溮ɵľӣߺǾ֮еˡ
ЩѸٵĵ·Ϸһ㡣
еĶ棬ЩγɵӣưС
ߺ˫һֹ
ܵĲƺȻˣЩҲˣֹڰУͺƬռʱ侲ֹһ㡣
ߺӰÿʮ֮⣬ͳֹˮ档
ռ֮Ȼǿ˺ܶأߺ΢΢
ߣû뵽СӻеͣǰҲС桤ģ
һ˵ڣڿռ֮У׷׿ʼۣһ֧֧ռڿռ֮С
飬ͬƷһÿһ֧ǳǿ󣬴ͨǺؾ磬Ľߵȫһ
ߺ˿ⳤǧ֧൱һǺӾ߰ߺ΢΢Щ顣
ҲǺܵģϾҪȺɱĻȷһϧԸߺûá
ಡ
Щ֮£׷ߺƿյʹƬռ䶼ʼˡ
桤ѩ
ߺ˵ȻһƬǹ⣬ЩϴȥǴ˿һ㣬ûиߺκ˺
桤һ˿֪Ըߺ˵Ѿûжˡ
ԣıսԷ롣
Щǲͣڸߺϴ󣬵ǣʱƣߺ֣Щ𽥵ļ١
Щȫһ򣬽ģһ֧ʮɴϸľ޴֧
ܵһУ˷ĩ
ߺĸѩ֧ѹ֮£ȻȿʼΡ
ʲôǿߺ֪Լεĸѩûˡ
ԷȻӸѩ״̬£Ӳı˳
ȻˣҲˣ桤Ա⣡֧ûߺһĶͷ֮ϳ˵Ŀ
ߺ֪֧ʵ̫ˣԼǧԼϡ
Ŀ֮УĺĿʼӿΧ֧޼ܣģ֧޼ļͷܣʼб˿֡
赲֧޼ƣԾߺʼǰɵĺ֧£׷ױѡ


590 
⡭ߺȻ˫֮бǿҵĺڵĿ֮Уһĺɫбȥ
ಡ
Ǻɫĺ˲˾޼Աߣеʼϵɣұ֧޼
һ֧޼ڲٶˣߺĺɹĽ֮סˡ
ߺĨһ亹ͷֱ̫ˣȻ
Сӣ˵ʲôߺĶߣȻ˵վڸߺԱߡ
ԭոճŸߺԼľ޼ʱ򣬶ԷҲѾߺԱˡ
ҿʲôôûģˣ˵ģʮر֣ߺ֮ʶԱ߶ȥ
ô˵ȴǰԾϼһʵ̫ǿ˰ɣҵߣҾȻûз֣
ߺ˫һֺڰɫıִ˫ֿʼɳһʮ棬ڸߺܣΧŸߺϵת
ŶСӵǲҵһΪŮأ˾˵
û뵽ߺʵȻǿԼĺüжԷƵˡ
ҿӣԷⲻ˰֮ģǣԼŮԼŮ΢΢¡С
ٴŭ죺ϧֻһɵҾ
ϼһˣʼգҶû˵Ҫ˵ңȻŮʲô丹УҵĺӰɣ
ߺ˵ո뷽ɽ̸׼ˡ
Сӣ˵ʲôСӣӷǽƤ˵ţ˫ŭ죬ŭ
򣡡
˵ܣԲɣһƬ֮ΧţƬϽ˸һĴڡ
᲻ɴݣɶϽ
򣬶һǶ۷ģ㲻ҪΪֻҲУ޼򣡡ߺҲʾ޼˲䱬
Բ֮ڣ˺磬ٵ۳һĺƬռİΧ
ɱ
һȣߺߺҲһ̣ճȥ
䡭
˵ײһռ俪ʼȶʼҵ淽ԲһС򣬶ʼסĲ
ڶײĵطƬƬĿռһƬΪ뼸λϢȥеĿߺ˵һУɳ
ߺ˷Բʮ֮ڣȻһڵĶûУЩСһЩʯսĲ֮У˷ĩ
˽˰죬ʤֿ֮ٴԷײȥ
֮ܵһжˣߺĺϢܵĿռȫˡ
ֱ֮ײ֮ڲϵķսȻǿ
ڵ£ˮǣữɳ˿˵սѡ̫֮ϣҲѡˡ
̫죬һ޴Ķڣ˼ײɵġ
ڿУϵķУԷײȥÿײ̫죬һλĿ
սصǧ֮⣬ǱϾǲԼĶӣ
ߺľ̫ˣոգߺʱͲˣڸߺΪȻȲˡ
ǣô̵ʱ֮ڣ̶ֳܹȣ˵ߺŶûš
ʹ֮кǿԹǣߺ֮ڣԼΪҲһͻƣ򣬶ͻƵ˶׵ĳ̶ȣҲ˷˼ġ
û뵽ҺˣȻĻ˶СӵĶְܴһߣɳ˶߲£ߵĵزСӣ򵥰
ǸŸߺ˵սвϵĸ̾
ǴΪ֮ˣҲһ£Էӣôʲôң˶һƢ
뵽⣬Ǹоһͷۡ
һڷ𣬵׷ʲôǶߺĶԻǺ
Ȼ֪֮䵽ʲôޡ
˺޸ߺ⵹ǿ⣬ǣߺΪʲôôŭأŲǵ˵
սڣߺ˵ײ˲ڰٴˣ˾Ȼ԰ܼߺ
Ѿʼҡҡλˣ·֧Ųȥˡ
ҾͲţһһСëӣӸߺϢ֮У֪ߺ䲢Ǻܴ
˵Сһ뻹Ҫࡣ
䣬ߺүүûˣǺӾ֮УܵҲˡ
ǣߺһȣԼǸ
˼ң䲻ʮȻ͵־磬Ȼ˵־磬Ѿû̫Ĺϵˡ
ؼǣ˼СΪǿʵǿᡣ
㼯һ˵ˣСӣ䣬Ӧôﲻʵ
ʹʣǣڵûнŲסˣԷȴսǿ
ߺǲ꣬꣬ǿ󣬶ңָܻԼơ
ӲϵԷӲӲ֮УߺͷˣÿԼһΣĲͿٵĲϡ
ߺ걾ҲǸģǣʱЩ΢ƣ˲޸ˡ
ԣߺսôʱ䣬˿ûήҵ󣬶ԽսԽ¡
ֻ֧֮ѣȴûˡ
˿ɾͲͬˣڵдСС˺ڱˣ궼ʮֵ
Ŷήҵ飬ߺ֪Էڱˡ
ʮ֣ĥߺһ֣Χ׵ı֣ʼԷȥ·ϣͿʼϵı
ԷǰʱѾ˶ʮɴСˡ
ҲǸߺ֮󣬱Ҳˡ
ЩֲϵͷųԼһһף෴ķʼŤĺǸڶԷĽϣϵת
һ˿һ㣬ԷҲڲϵ
ߺȻˣ桤ѩ
ߺӰһƬǹ⣬˵߶ȥĽ磬ôڶԷ֮С
޼򡭡
ߺеһɲǣ˲俪ʼʩչ޼ɵſԷȻǿ󣬵ǣոձˡ
йԣ֮ߺ֮һȫıˡ
ۡ
ıѣǣ˵꣬ܵش
ɳȥǣߺôأһı󣬳һסȥơ
ҵ֮УΪޣΪ⣡ߺ˵
˺ݺݵһʲôֱɣҪһüͷͲ죡
úãйȫвͨˣҿˣһš򡭡ߺ˵ţһȥ
˱ֿǣ֮ܵ͵سѹ˹ȥֵֵסûпӦߺһˡ
һţɲɵ˵βϡ
ֱȭϹȭ¹ȭߡ


591 
ߺڶˣвҾ徵ŹһӰͳ˸ߺ棬ߺһ
ǣߺ˵ֹͣԼŹ򣬵վ֮УĮǡ
˵ͷҲݵģ֪ѾҵŮˣȻĶΪΪҴñӣ
˵⣬ߺ˫֮кޱȣĺҪ䡣
˵Ҳڿˣ֪ƾԼͣԷҪɱգ֮飬ò
ǲɱô˵ҲģҪɱԼ˵ûҲûðɡ
ǲ˵Ҽʲôʱñˣһ
˵ţһָһĵָ̹ⱬȥߺ֮ϡ
ߺ·Ƕһ㣬ڶԷһ֮£ûз˲ˡ
ۡ
ƣ𣬸ߺһѪֱӰʵôԣʶʣֱǿӲƿҵ򣡡
һӣ˵ǰƯţѾȥˡ
Ŀ˸ߺһۣ˶ûеֿ㺮ǲȳһͻǴںʬɣ
ߺ΢΢𣺡û뵽϶ˣûҾôģ
ֱԲĳˣҪеĥȻҸҴñӣܾô򵥵ľȥҪãܣ
úݵСӣǵ˵漴һӣһ̵˵ϡ
ǣû˿á
ߺЦĻˣԪ֮ɲǿԱ⡭
û˵꣬ǵУͱһ˿ɫ˿ɫ֣̫֮ϣʼͣ
˿ɫߺİǲ۷֮һ
ⲻȻǿֻ˵֮Уһ˿˿Թ˵ɢһüĴȻ緢һǿԹ
ԹʱϵҲڲϵϡ˻꺣ƣڲš
û뵽Ȼôǿ󣬲Ȼǲߵѹߺ˵
СӣǽһΣǵ˵
ʱ˹ŸߺгԹޣף˵С˵׵Ĳǡ
ˣ˶Ҫ˵ˣֹס˵ĳ֣ĶԸߺ
Σ㿼һ£ڵ㻹ҵ֮УҲû̸ĳ룬Ψһѡˣǵ˵
ߺתһ£ϸ˼һεķ֣Է˵ĻǶԵģԼߵУû̸ĳ롣
ãҸߺˣǽһ£ɣҲܽڵ˵ɰ׵ģ
ǵ˵ͷ˵ñӣӺζһԼķԼδӴκˣ
ߺָ˵ͷɽ˵Ѿֵزûа취صˡ
漴ԼУ˵˳
СӣŮô˵ҲǴҹ㣬ôԣ
ߺƿˣȻʲôŻô˵
ܻĵ֪˭֪ΪʲôǴλˣȻôʱֳңҲԹ׶ˣ޷֮ȥ
ߺ⣬ȻԼ֮еö飬ƺˣҡĳм֪
ԭᰡᣬλְߺɫûһ˿ΣЦǺǵ˵
ǣܹǣͱѾָ˵ˣոǱ׵ġ
СӣһѲɾҴ棬ֽŰһ١
ⲻһںʲôҵأʹģ㣬͸Ұһ
ߺһʹӣûӲһϡ
⡭˱ˣһ仰ﲻû뵽ߺƱ簡ݼ˵ľ͸Լܺһ㡣
ҲͷߣСӵƤҲǺ˼ˣ˵ô֣ǣҪʲôɣ
ߺһĵУصģҪ͸ǡϣܽң
صĶ㶺ңҶô˵Ȼºڣ
ߺɫҵһƬġ
ǣ
ˣأ
ߺͷҸоȻأ۸ߣҪΪӣ߽Կף

ҲҪʲôʲôΪҪģȫУǣҪ׸ң
˵˵Ϣͬߺɫ˲
˵˵ȥԭҸߺ£Ϊ룡ߺô˵Ҳǲ۲۵ߡ
˵ߣӡôԼȥԼļɻأ
ǾԼˣʹ㲻׸ңºӵʱһҲ졭Ҳ˵
뷨Ѿ˼ܾˡ
Ҹ߼ҵӵܣıϣǼֱǳ룡ߺЦ
ٿǿǣң˵аһǼȰ
ߺûһ˿纮˵ˣ׸ңǲܵ飡
Ǿû̸ıҪˣ˿ߺˣ˵
ߺ΢΢𣺡ǲ˲ĻҾԲЭңӱضصҵߡ
ʵҵȥǺȻЦ첻ɱģǣȻ㲻ʶ̧٣ǾݹҲˣ
˵꣬ǵ棬ȻƯһֻͷͷʮСëɫģ˫̹֮⡣
ɣǹЦͷݺݵҧ£ߺȻ޷ͷƣȻѹ
ѵҸߺվͱڴˣǲİ
ߺпţΪԼڻʲôϣһʦֵĵӡ
ϧǵѾԸˣԼΡˡ
顭ڸߺı۾ʱһϤȻԶ
漴˸ߺߣϤģǰǸߺҲʮֵϤ
ţ˵Ҫ˵мǿ˫ɯǾŵŵġ
ǰɢߺǿ֮бѳ
ƯڿУǵŲûд򿪣Ƿһעܾˣû뵽ôͳɳֵزˣãܺáҲţγ׳󣡡
ߺţһ㶣漴عǣʲôʱʼעҵģ


592 Ϊ
֮صʱ˵һ̿ʥأҾͿʼעˣǲԽߺ󣬾ҲûгʲôĸˣϧһƬʥأҵУȴ˲ҵ
˫ɯ֮дŸԣøߺ֮ƮƮɣǡ
ϱĴֻв֮У˲ŵ㣬Ϊʥأǰ˲ű
ǣʱţԽԽƶ񤣬ļ˵ҲǱȽϡ١
ֳֻܻģۼʹȽϼһ㡣
Ʃ򣬸û֮˵ûʮֵĳԣ
Զǰ𣬶ѹȺۣһ·裬˳ƿնɺٴν˲ŵʱ
ϴΣѪսʱ򣬺˫ɯѾע⵽ߺˣССܹͣӵǿҷǳʵ
ԣһ·۲ߺսΣ϶δڳˡ
οߺΣգɵó
Ҳ֪ǷǳΣյģҪ֪ǴһģôóóȻ˵е㲻ʡ
ҲӵܣҲŵļӣͷŹһΣǵɢ
۾תת˵ͷȻ˵ˣٲӦԵòʶˣã¾ͷŹСһϣϧٱʲô׷ɱˣ
ߺȻóԷвԼأҪǵǰ
Ͳϲˣ»ǵǸͷ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ͻᱻ˿ƣҧԼ
ɫ࣬ǣһۣչûҶ֡
ߺʲôˣˣ֪ΪʲôûˣΪ̫ȱˣ
ˣ߰ɣǵźȻ򿪣ߺ˽ȥȻ˫űϣ˲ԭʧ

ߺߺ̫죬ӽĵطڵһǸߺҲ˲䱻Щޡ
û뵽ܵҵĵˣû뵽أҾȷŹ㣬ţһΪҵŮ˵ģôǿңҲֻˣ
˫һһ˫֮бȥǰĲӵѸٵĻޣôƾյʧˡ
Ŀȥᴩ̫壬̫죬£Ȼֱӽ뵽˵صҲ㡣
ףΪʲô뿪ֻķûɺ˲Եʵ
ɫࣺ㶮ʲôţȻ£ǣҪɱǣֱ練ƣʹңҲ֮£ȵǵ
ߺǾ仰ʵ̫ˣ뽫ʬΣתתԼȭͷŭ˵
ǸɫɫҪ͹ˣߣô˵ҲҵѪģ൱ҵһѪˣ
ţҲֻˡɫ˵˿ٵĴԭʧҳȥ

ߺսȥ֮󣬸оԼһڣܶƮɢŰɫ

һ𣬸ߺ鲻Խı۾Ƣ·Լ
ƣҲĻָˡ
ӸߺԱ𣺡Сֵܣڸоôˣ
ߺԼ˫ۣǰǸŮ˾ˣ˶вķš
ϴӣθߺĸӵһѩȹɣԼأ̵ͬ֬
վض·Ϊ֮ʧɫ
СֵܣߺûлӦǸŮٴνһ飬ߺŷӦ
ݼߺû˵ǰãǰĿ˶Ǳ˵ǰ˶Էòˡ
ȻһЦٻʧɫ˿ڽµĳпɲٰȻѪǶˣǵǵıЩǱţ춼ĪңҡͲһһоˣ㵨ôôأ
ߺһЦˬʵ˵˲ңҲˣңұɱ֮ǵ¶ˣҲǡ
Ǻһ£һЦѸߺ
Ǹ⣬˵ƥߺȻ̧ͷܹɻȪ鶼֪ˣ
˵ͷصİ˲ȫ֪ˣ
ߺȫһ־ĿǰòŮӣҪ֪ЩԼҪܰ
ģҶıûȤô˵Ҳߣߺ˼ô²͸ء
ǸҪߺ˵
һЦֻһţôȥеСæǣʵ𣿶ңĺӣҵأôɣѾһˣǰ㣬ΪƹУѾһСˣ˽ȥ㣡
ߺ˵ͷԷܹԼһΣԼѾǸмˡ
ڶԷ˵һСæߺȴҲӦˣϾζԷðΣգԼˡ

ߺųȥʱ򣬷ԼѾˣȴںߡ
ϿУţûǲҪڲҲҪؼңΪѪţǶ鷳ڣҵ֤˵İȫ
ߺ̾һ֪ԷԷ飬ֻ˵ѪŵޣͲԼֿܹ˵ģ˵滹һء
ź˵Ҳвߣ⻹ܵܲ˰
ţȥˣңƬҲôȥˣ뺣ĳ޻û˽أǾֻȥģ
뵽ߺ۾Ȼһ԰ģ۹ʱôˣȥˣң۹ĹҲǱߣ
ߺһԼ֮еļö飬ǵ¶һ˿Ц⣺ڣҵʵȻûߣǣĺѾڿ־˰ɣ
ȻߺûöȪۣ֮ǣ֮оźͻȪͬͬԴԪߺţԼΣȻں»Ȫ֮ˡ
ң軪˵󲿷ֵĻȪ飬ʵڲġ
ΪģԻΪǿ̫ˣԣеĻȪҲȽ϶ࡣ
Լȥ۹Ĺãɱ˱ˣᡣ
ߺһͨĵĴֻΣߺлǱȽϼģģλڶϱĴм䡣
ŵķĹǿߵãţŵˣҲֻǽϺõʡ
ţǿţҲ͸ߺ䣬ȴԺͨߵֿˡ
ߺڴϣȣڴ֮ţϣЩţжôǿߣжôǿʢ
ĺϣٵԼʵΪߵве壬ԼԵ


593 һ
ߺԼĴ֮빮ʵȻʵԼԪ֮еԹġ
ǣΪһζֻ֪Թ˵ԹӰԼ˵ɽʬ³һҲá
˵ɴ˱һҲ˵Ӵ֮䣬ȫΪһˡ
ֽ֣ߺûа취ܵġ
ѩ飬ߺôģǣЩ˲һô̽ԼĵϸϾԼһԱ
ҪԼ鱨Ľݾͨ
ĹǣΣԱĵϸ뱳ļ壬ԲԱ¶ˡ
һ涨ԽԱĺ֮ǡ
ϾĳԱȥִܻССˣǵĵϵһ¶ȥô˭ΪִЩ
ңʹҵõѩҲô׵óѵģȻ˫ɯ˵ˣҪȫѩԼļˣȻû⡣
룬˫ɯţûм˸ڷɡ
ңҲһȻ˫ɯڴ˴أ˴صҲӦ̫
﾿ף˫ɯϳϳõòǿױȸռӵġ

ڸߺǿռ壬ʱƣѾȻ䣬һ΢ߵˡ
ţߺԼ˫ۣһݣþųɵԪ
һݣȴһµĿռ䣬ȫͬ
˵ǣһĿռ䣬Ƭռ֮еռ䡣
棬κ֮ҪܵѹܹãΨиߺԼԪ֮á
ֱºµĵ绹ҪǿƬռ֮УʼŸߺ֮磬ǡ
Ҫ˵ǿ󣬵ȷֵǿҪ֪ߺ֮Ҳܹ˵ģңԶȡ˵Ļǣ˲ȫʧȥһɸߺū͡
ǣȴҲлǾǡƬռҲʵ̫Сˡ
ߺǻĴָݣðôСĿռ䣬ܹװʲô˰
Ȼ˵ҲǸߺ˿ռ֮󣬵һβĿռ䣬Ըߺеֵľϲ
Ͼ¿ͷѣ˵һεľ飬ԺĿռԽԽ죬ĿռһȽ׵ʱ򣬸ߺʵǿɾͽȣˡ
ߺϹĦССݣǣݲûʮӣͿʼٵıΣеʼң̫֮ǿˣϵߺǰۣԸߺռдѹ
áߺһѸٱúϣռ屬˲⴬ϷվΦϣߺļٵĻ֡
ݴӸߺзɳȥٵзȥҴĸ߿գߺǲ㺮֧Ųסˡ
䡭
ƬĿռ俪ʼкһƬأڴĿռ䶼Եʡ
⡭Ҳ̫ľˣߺȥֱһѹưߺ㶵ĿǸݱըĵط
֮ڣûһ˿ռģȫըˣĿռ俪ʼеĿռ֮Ǹطӿȥ
ܵ·𱻳һ㣬ȫӿǸطЩָ֮ǲֵĿռ䡣
ܶߵжжˣһûˣȻˡڶôĶ˭ȥ
ոǸݱըʮըף죬Ƭռ䶼ãȶҡ
ֳôĶ˭Ҳôĵȥܸó׷ʲôɡ
֣еһƬм˶סˣ󣬴Աǿʼæ
ΪǲֵĿռ̫ˣеʼȶ캣ˣķΧ֮УƵƵ
һˣȻҴԱߣĳȷλþͱ
ÿǧɵĸ߶ȣƬ˲俪ʼƬʼ꣬ˡ
Ŀռ飬طҲ˱仯
ϺߺҴߺ͵ѹϲϵĻζţͬ綼ҡһ㡣
ССˣѵõҡŻߺЦոҪҵҡΣת
ֻԼθһ󷭹̲סŻΦҲҡҡ׹
ҿСδˣҿ̧װȥЩʵߵߣ˸ߺӰԸԱߵˡ
ΪʼٸߣҲеҪɽ֮һߺô̧ΦˣſڼװϲϵŻ¡
״Ĳֹߺһܶˣ֢״
ЩںĴԱǣ̲סĿʼҪŻ£źˮĲҡε̫ˡ
ۿǾ˾Ҫĵˣϣڳ˶󺣡
ߺڻſڼװϣθᶼҪ³ˣһĸŻ
ʱ򣬻Ǵа취ҿɵУŴߣôҲҪεѡ
ûδߣѸٵ˿УǺ˾һĹǺ˲֧ˡ
ǣźгһɾˣӳ˵
е˶ɫףˣû뵽һδᷢ䣬ô£
Уߺſڼװϣ̲סһ
οİɣ˵ҲֻһһӰ˵ǰӰ
ݣ΢죬Ƥ𪣬ôһŮġ
ֻڻ¶ۣϾڶԷװ
бŵ̼䣬ߺûпԷôֵģѾˣһӶԷĵб
ǵаɵĸ߶ȣǾһĸ߶ȣ̺ȴʹõûǾ˵ʱǾ˾Ϳʼмֿ

֧飬⻹ģǵûнԼȥĶ˶
ŵĸͽŵĵʱȺϳ˵ݣ
ҴȻȻֻǲߣǣſ׹
ò֮һɣôû֪أ
֮еĵѻϻվڿУĮһС
ȻΪƾԷƣǵɣ
ҲһǺӾ۷ĸ֣ʵ۷״̬ˣǣֵʵ뵶ȣֱһһء
ҴĴ˴СֱԣĴǮҾͲˣ
˵һʼóʯȴҡҡ֣һ㵱Ǯò㵨Сţ
ûУСأ־֣ԼСҲ󻯣ȻԼҲͱٲˡ
һվɣǮһһֲٵĸģȶȹεѹ˵˵


594 ۿ˵
˵ĴڣоյĶȹƬԴӵ֮֮ڣûк˵Ĵڣԣһ·ʹʮֵɡ
ȴ˸ߺΪٵʹҡεĸӵˣߺڶһҪɱĳ嶯
ڳƬ򣬸ߺľڿԷһˣԼҡҡλεƯڰУɫҲ𽥵ĺת
˴յѾɫˣ֮ǰһɫûаµˡ
û뵽̨ǵһһᣡߺߵǰٺЦ
ߺȥ֮󣬾뵶׵ľ룬ԶԶıܿ˸ߺȻĿѺõ˵ԶԶġôôϲպˣ
ʱߺŷӦԼ˸ոյĺ֮ȳޱȣµˡ
ߺҲΣ˺Уںһ߼ٵĸŴζһ߿ٵϴ
Ҳ̫ʶ̧ˣƤҲһЩôһ˵Ȼˡ
߶ԱǸҲǸոģ˼뻹Ǻ֮󣬲ʲô˲ʶ̧٣ΪƤӵȥˣ
ŶΪʶ̧ˣ
ˣ

ǺߣǸҪɱ
ո˵꣬һӰʹӺһ˲䣬һٵӿӰ档
˸Ϳ˭Ƭ˵ߣ˵֮ȫĸ档
˫һˣô򵥰
ɢȥߺһɾ·ڼװϣһֻСڶ
˵ˣôôʱ䣬ŷҳŶѾôˣСһ˵ţһ߲ͣĹȻߺ֮Ǿ֮ɫ
ôܹҵΪˣߺҲǲʵ
СҡҡͷΪ壬Բ˵
ߺͷǺߣȥ棬һֻЩˣ
ȻǶˣȻոΪ˭δҿƽʱ򣬸ߺôδ
СεʼȻһԾΪʮɾ޴СԴͻƵǺӾ֮ѾĿԼĴСˡ
ԭԱɰɴССԼĻ˵ûõģȻˣȴô࣬Ҳֻǻ˶ѡ
˶ĿɿڴĿСӸߺļϴȥȻڼϸոյĶ˵һƬհס
ҸոտʲôôԻĳȥѲɱˣǻû꣬Сڴˡ
һͷʮɵţ漴ŵ˼װϡ
ˣŪţСһĿǰĺޣֱˮ
ţ𡭡ߺͷߣԼСֻģѲҪ׼ĩ׼
ߺεĻܣǣ˭ܹ𣬽һ¹ȡ
ʱ򣬵ߵߺǰ֪ˣѲǵһγҴҪ֪רŵĳ
ߺ˵ͷô֪ǵһγҴģû뵽ҴȻô߼
ʱ򣬴ҲԴӵ֪֮ʱڵ߽ǻ
ߺҲ׶Է˼ϾϵĺУΣأеҴѵʱԮ֡
ôһεĺУҲᰲȫࡣ
ֻҪʮʯ漴Ըߺ˵ȻԵãǣûбҪԸߺҲð
ߺѾԼԪٴηӡˣֻԣڸߺҲôġ
ߺΪʵֻǺӶص
ϵһԱȸߺǿ
ôʵʵ˻мӣ֮ͣǣʵǿͻᱻ˵Ӭ
ߺЦЦ򵥣еǮ˵ţһССʯѳһСɽ
ô£ܲи㣿ߺ˵
ˣ⺣̧ȥͣСүǴϵա
䣬̳һԱԪһ־;Ǻޣȥ
յ棬ҴĳҲǱһˣи߹ģĲǳһٷҪһٵʯ
ֻǸطԷҪô࣬˵ʳˡ
ʳ֮󣬸ߺȴûԣڴϣС
һӰȻߺ󣺡ѣҿ𣿡
ߺûͷ֪϶ĵ
⣬طֲʲô߹ĲҲҵĵطǴĽ飬ȻﶼȥģʹȥéԷ˶Ӧ˵и԰ɣ
ߺ˵Եһٵ̭
㡭ߣΪصĺܺãҾͲܷ֣ոմ·ʱƬɲô򵥰ҵ֮Ȼܱס
ոŭ棬漴𰵰ѹ¡
ߺͣһ£ʶأҲϣΪУЩ˵ı˵Ȼɱ֮ģ
˵꣬ߺеʳԣеʳԶȵҪҪһЩ
ոֻ˵ԷŵĸͽЩˡ
뵽Լڻûȥ˵
˵ʲôѲ˵Ѫţ׷ĶȥȹңҲԨԴˡ
ôƵ飬˵˭˭Ҳŵġ
룬ֻһǺӾߣһĴڣԷΪðվ
ҪǾ͸ˣɱԼŹ֡
˫ɯΥԼ֮УԤ˱ɴС
ߺʲôˣƾʲôܵ˼˱ⲻ˷飬˵Ϊ˱ȫʦŵɱ˸ߺҲһ
ԣߺǵģʲôû˵Եӵı
ҲһֵˣߺԽǶ䣬ԽøߺȤ
ڸߺԱߣੲݵţ˵ʲô
ߺȻͷ㵽еĻŮģ˵ŮģҴϸܲκŮ˵Ϣ˵еģϰòŮӸеģ
ûȶԷػߺȻվԼ壺ԷһҴڿң滹кܶǿߣ
ߺĻҲڲˣȻжʮǺ۷ߣңܵԷϢʮֵİԵ
߲ư㻹ǸϽ֪ͨȥɣϾֶ̣̣ҿûгԱ˵ģҲûñ˵Ķ
ߺһ˵
ߺԷ̵ĻһŭûгκζҲûãӾĶ
˵ţӸߺһ⣬ӵľ׽
ӳģ㣬
˵꣬ﳤȥȥǴȥˡ
ߺɵ㶵Ŀеǿ⣺ȥһˣôܳԣһǮģ


595 
СӻүأҶˣߺתվĳԶȥով䣬ҴϵˣֵþѪϴˣ
Ǹոյ䲻ɵ𣿡СڸߺıȻ˵ߺһ㶣ô֪ģ
ȥ㵱ɵո춯֮жû֣ϵԪôͱôˣոںף̶ֳȵļһﶼҪҽгæ
Сһߺ񣺡ǧѱ˵ɵӣ
ߺ˵ͷ˵Ķ԰ҲЩ˵Ҳôǿƽ޹ʳɣ
𣿶ôһ룬ȷҲأֻôģոչæӦǵˣû롣ȻӸߺı
ߺһ飬һһУȥʶԷ˭ʱΪʱˣԼĵѾ쵽ԷĲ֮ˡ
һҶ㻹Զأ
˵ţûεֻƣߺĵȥ

һ󲨶𣬸ߺ˳еǱн׶ĵѾˡ
ߺȵĿ˶ԷһۣӶԷոϵԷһֵԲ򵥣ܶϵһнױԼȻУǣô赭дľͶϵһн׶ĵߺʣԼҲ÷һ
ǿʵûչֳɣߺеǱӵ˵
΢΢𣬵Ц²ҲһڻûʵĶ֣㡭𣿡
ߺĻָԼԪ룬˰ɣ
ҲԣǿнǵǾɱеĺãһЦû⡣
ӸߺϸܵһɼΪǿҵвΪߺʵһֹˣӦûʲô
ߺһЦɱˣҴûдϵκˣǣոҽߣҲģ
˻Ѫأ󲿷ֿɶҲ֮˰΢Ц˵
ߺת棬˫۳飺ڵʵ֮󣬿Ҳûм˰ңǳҾ֪Ⱥۿ˵͵ļһ
ðɣڸߺ뷨ҲĬˣΪӴЩԱЩߣԴ̬֮мȿԿ
Ǻ񲢲ߺУЩ˸ոջڲ֮з̸ߺء
˵ߺ꣬ûʵûвû
ڸߺǺӾصߣȻûʵģڲȻһóʮʯǣûڲԷ
ԣΪߺոֻŶѡ
ûûһʹӸ档
㿴ߺȫȫһ
ǵ֪ߺûȥıʲôΪҪΪԼ֪򵥡
Сӣ㻹ᰡûһ˿壡һˣһߣںԶĵط£ǸطĴ
ǸովȸߺǸߣҲôǿǣ˼ʵ
Ӹոշʱ򣬾ͿԿԷʵȻûеǿ󣬵ǣҲӦǴһߡ
ǾͶлǰĿ佱ˣСȴ֮ˣģЩȷѪ꣬Բ˺㡭
˵꣬ߺҲǣ˯ȥˡ
ҲǱϵĶ֮УԪٵУһһöȪ
öڸߺĵ֮УʼٵתʼıС֮һȦȦĺҲɢȥ
ߺЩ̾ǰЩȪ鶼ΪʵĶڣһγʮöеãȻĻҲָֻܹĵҩˡǻȪ飬鵽ڶֹֻܣߺ룬ԼǽȪ֮ˣȻĻ⿿ЩȪ飬Ǿûʲôõġ
֪ȫĻȪͼ֮󣬻ʲôЧأߺ΢΢ڻָʵĿУԸСһ䣬˯ȥˡ
ҪֱֵǸߺȫָˣȻĻûа취Сȡ
һСأǺǣǸҲһת壬𣬾˸ոյ䣬Ҵе˶ˡ
ǶʼָԼʵӦսֻһΪڽϵ͵ģܡ
ǿߺУɢŨزĲм˻ϢǵʵǿӦӲŶԣ
˵ˣӣô˼ҵŵǵĴϵʱδܷ֣
Ҳ԰

̵ԣ˯ĸߺ΢΢𣬲֪ڳЦԷһΡ
ʱҹڷ˶Է춯һұǻĴӳǵ
˰ˣ
˻һе˶װ壬ֱֳУԴ
ߺҲ˯бˣȪ֮еĺȫںϸߺԪߺĺЩ͡
Ҫ֪ߺںֱ飬Ȫۣ֮Ȫ飬顣
Ҫ˵ߺԪҲֻȻȪ֮۵ˡ
ԣʮֵļ򵥣ߺһöȪ֮ڻָ۷塣
СӣĲæûиߺôУǸϢ֮һ˲˸ߺԱߡ
ߺ˻λԴ˯δѣôû˯ˣż˯ôһΣ
߿ߺ̬Ⱦ֪Էûæ
ٺ٣СԱߣսҲȺܶడߵ΢΢Щ伤ı飬֪ԷԼĿ־֮⡣
ĿͣڶԷĽϣѾܹˡ
ԣԷڿ֮ǰȴʧˡ
ôǰʶߺǵ𣬺ٺٵʵ
ûԷƬ֮ǿһƬӶߣǺ˵Ķ飬кǿʣȾӶҪǿɱᣬûһ˿Կ԰
߸ߺͣߺ˳˼
ţˣ˿棬Ǵ봬ԱȻҲʶˣɫ֮ǰߺɫǺ


˸û˵ʲô滰
䡭䡭䡭
ϵ𣬸ߺɫһࣺ⣬ԾǾ
ǴϰڵĴǾǴսӲŻװõĶ
ţˣǾڻ𹥻ģЩڣÿһǺӾ磬һȥǧǵʯ
Ҳߺߣô֪ε˵ǿ˰ɣһаɣ
ߺ΢΢һĨаЦϣһ𣿱ЦˣõĵẦ¶Էڵ
˵ʱ򣬶ԷڵѾҴˣҿҲҴĽģûиߺʲôˡ
ǰһöڵͿˣ˵ţһöڵӸߺǰߺ
̶ֳȵĹߺһһѸٵĳУһ£е׻жٱ


596 Ӷᣨһ
ߺ¶һĨаЦкܶ࡭
һĹҫߺĵ¶ϻȥֱϵͷ¶ͷ˫֮ŭݡ
ϡ
öڵոճڸߺǰͱһĨĵҲ룬ȥ
ⲻǺܺæһЩڵҲа߿ȥٴתͷߺʱ򣬸ߺѾ̱ڵϡ
ˣҪҪˣûˣвͣ߶
ǺߣǲǸоˣһ
磬ͽˣ뱣ҰߺĶŵ˵ڻᣬһûȢϱһҪȾҰ
˵ţߺԷϱȥ
ոձϣһ𣬸ߺһæܳԶȥʧʧˣԭһλС㰡ˣ
˭С㣬ǵӺԷѼӲߺεЦЦŮѰɣǲ©˼ְ
쵰
һδȢһδޣͷɷ򸾣ⱾҲ쾭飬ǰý
ߺתͷǸ߿ȥһ£˵ʲôôһõǺӾ۷ôģ
ʹŮ֮ҲģֻεĻӣͲϲͣңҲǹӣֻһзӶѣ
ɫһ±䣬˵
ߺåƦЦݳʧˣתϵԾĨаЦǾͺãȻȢޣӶܽаˣǾԲܽģ
˵꣬ߺһʹģװ
ŭڵ𣿡
ߺ֮ļװûΦˣ룬ǵĹˣ
̧ͷڵǵصԼ߷
ߣССӶ߶ѣΪܹѵõԪ𡣡˵⻰ĵˡ
һӳĵдӶԷĵбȥϯķͬ˴磬ǣεķ磬ǵ硣
ȥ֮Щڵõġ
ǰɣûðûǶвߺվԭأЦӯӯĵ
ǣ֪еȷǺǿΪЩ絶ѾԷڵȫնɺöˡ

ЩХԷľĽ׷ױɣһУȻԷľƻˡ
һͣٵĹЩڵ׷׵ĻķмȻ˴󺣡
ôһУûûð̧𽾰ͷ­мĿŸߺ
ߺͷõġָָǰ棺ûӦǰĶɣ
ʲôո˵꣬ոǸ
ˣ뿪ڣǵսףԷеȫɱɾŮ
ǡ
һĺԷ˿ں֮ڣѵصʿ
ߺĿһ¶ԷľȻٵͦߣȸոյٶȲ֪˶ٱ
ڡҪչս𣿡

Էûж̱ӵʱһּȷ˹ЩߣܹѵģЩɹʱ򣬾Ȼм
ЩҲͬڱļеļʸ̺ӣҪһ֧֧ĵֵܿѣǣһֵĻ˵©֮㣬ʱҲıˡ
ңǼʸ̺ʮֵǿÿһ൱Ǻߵȫһ
⻹꣬ЩҪصʱȴȻ֮࣬ǼǼżˡ
ߺٺһЦͼϼӼ̫֮ʫʫ
ʫˣߵĺ
뷢ԷȻͬʱһֹֻоӲӵеġߺҲ֮ġ
ǲսÿһ˶һʮߺĸ֣һҲʲôѵ顣
ǣڵս֮ǰԷԶ̹мɵսȴѶԸˡ
֪ܲͦߺ˿ԼİοԼ¼ҹһ͵ԼİΣ
һ߶Ԫǰ棬һ㱣֣ٵķԸ
е߶ԪһɹɵϿգһıҲϿա
Ȼܹһ٣ǣǧĹҲܲ˰

Щ괩˲ڣһЩ©֮㣬ǣЩԵ˵Ͳʲôˡ
Ǹ߲֮󣬾ͿʼܣԷ©֮㣬һĲ֡
ڳɹˣҲһ
û뵽Էи֣ӵġԷڽıߺˣԷȻվһ
ɫսףںҹ֮Уͬһȼĺɫ档
ţͷڳ˰ߺԷϵĨаЦɱ֣ǣȴš
ɢǿƣԱߵ߶ߣֻȵһЩ
ǸʵǿļһأȻԷʵȲȻҲĸܵԷˡ
˵ҪǾ㣬ǲҪ޸أߺ˿аЦԷǸߣٺЦ
룬Ѿˡ
ߺ㡭ҡֱʹҸоҪֹͣˣôأ
ʲô𣿱ҵĳһȥва֣ԼԴߺƢֹסˣһȻƵƵŭ˺üΡ
ߺٺһЦûʲô𣿡
ȴӱȽĿʼɣһɱԷһŭһ˳ǹѸٵ֣һźɫĻ棬Ȼߡ
ڻȼչĿռ䣬׷׶ˣֱ̺һǹҴ
ʲôǸ˵ȫһȫס˫һûսҪ𣿡
еĵո̣ߺֹסεĶ˵ڣǰԲһ˿Σյģ
˵ţϿʼǵصĺǺոճ֣ͱߺ
һУԸܶˣǶġ
ߺû˵꣬ɫȻһåƦһĶ
ȥûǸطʲôߺе㳹׵ˡ
һŹѸٵĴӸߺпʼΣһ˫֣ð˿˿ĺɫŸߺһ˫֣ɢ
ǺҴƺסˣ濪ʼ˿˿ĲбȴǺɫġ

֧ոյߺߣߺһ˫ֽ֮סˣɫĻǲϵߺȼա
ǣûиߺĺɫߺĺѸٵľͽЩϨˣ֧ʼ㸲š
̼䣬ֻ޴ļȫɥʧá
ߺ΢΢һЦ乭ǷȴԷս෴ķ
һϵеĶе˳׵סˣԼʵȻôǿ󣡡
૵£ҲĶְո֧Ȼôɾͽ


597 Ӷᣨ
㷽򹥻˰ɣε˵
Ǹ߲ĸߺķ򵽵״ûĵǣ˵Сӣô˵Ҳľˣܲܲ
ߺĿҪѪˣֻһͷӶѣ˭Ҫøʲôʲôȥҵģļ
һУߺѾ˺ܾˣ̻ĽѩڹʼʩȻﵽԷеĿ꣬ҲԲöԷùˡ
Ҿ磬ѱ棡ߺѸٵĽҾ磬ڸߺҾȻû٣ǣںҲǺܼ򵥵ġ
ҪľǽļӰɵںϣĻӰѾܾûˣǣеȴѾˡ
һǺڸߺһ֮£ѸʧȥӰ١
Ǹͷ컹ڵأôûƫ˰ɣ
һߺӵ֪֮鲻ãԷȻп֮ĸ֡
ǣˣǸСԿʼôô˻ûء
ߺ·һ㣬΢΢𣺡żˡϡ
ո˵꣬Ǹ˺ǹ濪ʼҪֵֵأǸ˺ǹȴѸٵĿʼܻ
һ˺ǹǳϰٵĳǹ
ȥһͶˣǴ㽫ȫû𣿡иŭ
ǣոյͷȴҡҡͷģֻһֻҪȥ

ʲôΪʲôôоһأϣϢϸûʲôͬ
˸Ӧ˰죬ûзĸ˳ǹģĸ˳ǹǼٵģˡ
ʲô°еˣ֧֣Ҫ˳ǹͻ˷֣´˺͵ͬ
붼ᣬԼôˣļԷȫԴԷһһ˳ǹԼҲȫԸ
һװ˷ܵһ¸ߺļ򣬲ʮֵѡ
ߺȻ㲻ϸߣǣҲеȵĸͷνСȸߺһͷĸߺ򣬾СƵġ
ߣÿĻںͷ룬ǲֹһҾ־һһңϾװڻҪһεʱ䣡
ߺ侲ķһΪʮ˧Ķ
԰ɣսʵûʲôģһҵĺ˵һ룬Լûۣܳʵ˵˳
ߺǿֲ֧סˣ
ȥȻߺ˵Ǹ˳ǹʵ̫ˣȫ֧ţĺɫȻʼӱ֣漴ѣǵķҲűˡ
׳ȭһɫĻӰһеһ㣬ܵĿռ䶼ȼһա
ˣǱߵĺˮʼ͵½
ǺɫĻѸٵĻǸ˳ǹϣǹϵıȻǿ󣬵ʵϱߺȫʵĺԶ
ԣһȭͽߺ˺ǹˡ
ȭͷϵĻ͵ر䵽װϣȭͷϸǵһڱȫɢˡ
˼ԷȻ˶ñսǸú׳ȭ䵽˼װ֮תЦ
߳ߣν˶ӸǷȫźɫ棬ڿȼգռ׷׿ʼѡ
ոǸ쿴ˣæ£е˶¡

ûСأ˵ûЧ
ǣͷʱ򣬲ûпߺˡ
ߺԶȫϢȫ׳գʸոյһ㣬ҸӦ𣿡
Էʱ˳˼У찡ĿƵ
ߺ˵֪Էʵжǿأ
֪Էʲô˰ȻֵܹסҺ˽ӵĹûȸߺʼ˼ԷͿʼʻˡ
شȻѡ졪ˣǵôô죬˰ɣ
ԭǵΥˣǹ˶°ҿ׾ǣһİԷʼЦ
΢΢ЦԭǺ׾ǾΥˣϴα׾ôңѵǺ˰𣿡
׾ôˣߺԱţʮֵģĽ׾ˡ
Ļߺףԭ׾ǶԷԼĳƺš
ƨϣֻһ׾ûеڶԷŭ
һЦǵĳƺţǰʵģûε׾ֻܹΪ׾
ӽȷ㣡׾ٺЦ𣬺ǽӵߣ׷׷ź׾ߵĴ
ĸߵķϣͰһΣߺ˵꣬ӰȻһʧԭزˡ
תںˮ棬ԼӦҾζȥ
׾Աߵҽӣʼ߽ʱ֮ʱͽй
Ǹ쵭ĵ˵ͷתʧڿУҽӽ
ߺ⣬ȻЦˣȻд·ģͲҸӦˣӦôԶҲʵķһЩ
˵ţߺ˳˳ˮĸǸ˵еһʼ
׾ǻأˣߴңǧսսģǧƴҶΪҪСȡ档
е֮󣬶ĬĬĵ˵ͷʾס
ಡ
Ҵϵ˷׷׷ɵУһ׾ǰ
ٺ٣ҲãôʱûҲˣ׾ٺֱЦ
ǲмһЦû뵽ԭ߳Ƶĺ׾ԴӰܸ׾֮󣬾Ȼ˺ˣҲǣ㱾Ǻ׾ͺ˵ĳƺǺأ
ļһΪô˵ͻἤŭңʧȥԭеˮƽ룬ҽ֪֪ʲôǿ󣡡
˵ţ׾ȭߺ桤ҫȭ
һƬȻӺ׾ڶƬʺɫͬƬīһڣƬƿʼѸٵۣԲǧﶼƬƵ֮¡
ɣ׾ŭĺţеһǣƬƻǣȥͬһ޴ĺɫҡ
ϵˮʼٵĸɿţĺ޲ϵķǧ֮ڵˮʼϵԾš
ƬˮˮӺϵĳ߿ա
ƬȻˣһжôͻȻ©񵹹ˣ׾ҲѾ档
Ȼ忪ʼţƬ©Ƶĺƿʼڡ
ЩѾּܲ尾ϿʼдĺˮӿǣһͱȵĿˡ
֮еˮ֣ٵĽͣڸ
Ǹߺ⣬һа취ʮֵļ򵥣ǣЩ˲ǸߺҲֻˡ
һҫȭֻϧôʼնǺɫģ桤ͬɢܣЩȵϢ


598 Ӷᣨ
еĵȻһ͸ĵǱڲϵԼģѾƵĸ
ǵʮֵ⣬һ͸ĵܿĴڣȴûκεɫ˵Ԫûɫ
ﶼԼԣֻЩ֪ˣҲͬİ壬ԼԣԪҲӦɫ
ǣƬƬûɫ
Ԫû뵽ôʩչԼʵˣ׾
ֻһЦʹȫôôأ

޴ĵͦڵ棬û۵ˣ֪ܣ۵ң׷׵ı롣
˺֮УǺƱǾ޴ĵ롣
׾Ӱһ桤׶ݷ
ԷҲ֮һߺȴǲࡣ
ֻԷһĨɫĻӰڿвתۣѸٵΣյ
ԪɵĵȥԶԶģߺʮԪ̫һ㡣
ǧ֮ڣþòϣϯҪԷԾɱϢţȥ
Ԫ֮壿ߺһȣ½ʮѼˣһҲʮֵǿ
еУΪǿ֮һˣзǳǿķ빥
޷ɹģģʾͽ壬֮£΢ʣҲ塣
Ԫ֮壬֮һʺˡ
ΪǵʣǺӾ֮󣬻תΪԪԪʺˣǵԪձǵԪ
û뵽ȻĵأСˣС˰ߺһںмٵζţһ߸̾
ˣΪǰӦˣԼڽӽԷľ

򣡡׾뵶һϵеս֮󣬺ȻԼͷųҲΪȻԼҲͷų
Ȼǿ󣬵ǣֻõһ֮Ϊǿģȣв硣
򣡡
ڵܣһ͸ĳ֣ÿһǿࡣ
ЩǱĵȥˣ͸ķ֮£׷׻ĩΪ˷ݹɫʡ
һǾͿĵȽҵĺƣҵĺĵڻ
˵ţ˾ͿʼҵײһƬƬĿռ俪ʼ˴ӿзɵϣִ̫ϣ̫ϡ
ɫŰĿռ䣬ƬƬռ䶼ޣҲǳصģÿɢὫܵĿռиݡ

Լ˶ʮӣ׾Ȼͣסˣһϧ㲻֪Ǻ׽ӵĶӳҾһңֻеһҶѣ
һȣһǸȻ˵ˣȻңã桭
Ȼ֪ߺǿ󣬵ǣߺֻǱԼõˣЩˣɶǸߺķΧ֮ڰ
뵽⣬Ҳ˲ԷսˣӰһӿʧϻǷȥ׾Ҳǽ׷ں档
ûżʼոһľ롣
ҴڵҰʱԱҽӽĽ֮Χء
ͱڴ˰ɣǰлǣ׷Ѱ׾Ц
漴еĽӣ׼֣ɱ
һ£ҽƽû˿Ķ
׾һ£ȺСӣֻŮ˰ɣɱ
˵˴׾ѾŭˣŭǣҽûκεķӦһš
Ҵ֮У֣Լ˲û٣ȫ𾴵ĿеһҾ
ҾڱȻʲôǣϸܱĿԷ֣Ŵĺ
׾ҲԾˣո˵ѸٵеһҾϣ֣Լ²ûǼظλ
ž׾ȥһƣһµϣ㹥ڸʲôΪʲô
Ǹε˵ʵǽй
˭ҳ˭µ׾ŭϵĺɫ濪ʼȶ˸
ߺӴһ˵𣿲֪ʲôأ
׾һովȻûзֶԷ㡭˭
ߺ죺Ӷˣ㡭ûʲôöϵ
ߺӣ׾͸оԼؿںһŭ𣬵ǣŭĻں棬ΪȻȥգһЩζ
ߺһھƣ΢ЦŶź׾˵룬͵Լļһ
Сӣ룬ӦҵĵطӦҵĶ׾ѾѹԼŭˡ
ϾûаմܶԷ֮ǰҲ
ߺûԹԵļһڲˣŻ˵ǰɣողǴӦҾ͸ôܳأ
˭Ӧ͸ˣҪô޳ܺòã׾ʵ޿ˡ
Ȼ޿̣ˣԼһб
ȥɣ׾гʺɫ棺桤׶ݷ
׾ߺǰеĺɫߺȥ桤׷
ŻȻǣ˲ߺΧȥ
ߺһЦôôУϲһ㣡桤ֹˮ
Է壬˲ͱߺֹˮֹǡ
顭
ߺ߶ţͬһĺ˲䱬飬ĺɵľƬϵĻռ䡣
׾岻һŹʣˡ
ɶСӣ桤壡׾һܿʼźɫĻ棬Щ漱ٵתߺĺƬȫתȥ
ߺһЦҪΪҵȷûߣʵ㻹治ҵĶ֣桤Ա⣡
һһö۳ڶͷϣĿкɫɫϢ档
Ȼ䣬İɫб˲ͽԷΧУʼѸٵۡ
׾ܵĺɫ棬Ҳ˲䱻סˣס˻״ȴǱġ
׾ֻǱָոյ̬ȴʲô˼ˣ֮Уʱ䶼·ֹˡ
û˼룬ûԪ˶ѪҺʼֹͣ
ǣǵĶ˭ǸһΥ˽أɱۣߺ˵
εĸ˸ԼĶͷǵ˭Ӷߣ˵еʵĴвУ
ðȻŮ˵ԵǽԸˮҪǮȫҵۣڹҲǮߺԴǵ˵


599 ֵñ
ȻǴҽмҰִʶģһϵĿԵ˵
ߺһȻԵõı飺ǵȻҲһжá˵ո˵Ļʲô˼
˵˰ŷӦո˼˵Լٵİ
ûû£ǿ״ͦģоϣӦһеĴ˰ɣε˵
ߺȴûᵶˣɤӣǣһһ³ǾͽЩӶĲȫң
˵ţߺһ֣һӰڸߺԱߣȽŶˣ˲̱ڵϡ
ﳤøͷ߳࣬ϳƺɫˮô
һԺŪһͷʲôأѲһͷжǳܹ˲䱻ĶҲ湻ʵİ
վԱߣҲǲסĵͷҿǣСҲ̫˷ˣôõĶôܸǳأǲ϶ָǴҲǲ
ǣͷϵƣӦһͷޣңٶǺ۷徳İһԼԵģ

ڴϼҵţԸߺһ
úãֵǣϽȫŪǵϴ󿴿ֻҪʲô˳ۣϴߣ
УһǺӰصߣˣһĲæҾϵ˰ᶫ
ߣ
ûɣǸһ£˵һ¸˭һȣָһ˵ˣʵ
˿ǵһĲ븱³
Ҳ׾һ𹥻ҴߣȻ֪֮ܽǰǵĸʲô
ʻҲش𣬾ߺĻƴӵġ
Ǹָŵˣܴߵܵǰ˲С˹һôɱǰ
شոҵ⡭ɫ
ǸոսǴʱǸǹĴˡ쵰˵Ϳ˳ˣһֱѹš
˵ʶʱ˵ɷ¡
ôӵģʵǺѽǰոǸ˸ģӢ䲻ĸϵһ
ո˵꣬ûǸ˻شСͺȻڸߺļϣˣʻûǼ˶Ÿѧϰ̷أ
С˵ǼˣʮʿС֮£Ǳĥ󣬾ȻΪС¡
Ϊߺ̷֮㵱ִʹߺҲһ˼̷
Ȼ̷ֻ֮йãҸߺʱջġ
ǶԸߺĶֱǸм㰡ڲٱСĥˣܲж
漴ǵ̷̷֮ʹרΪߺ̷еˡ
ͱߺӡסΪˣΪʮ˵ϰֻǵһνȥһγ
ҽϵ˾Ͷˣǿɲ˵ģֱ
ԣڸߺĻǰҲΥġ
Ǹ˵ĽͣЩˣ˻ֹ֣ͣ˵Ȼ˵ˣȥɻɣ
Сĵ˻ǵԼ
΢΢һЦ˵ҪǽĵطȥȽҪأ
Ǹһ£ȫңɱҰɣ
ڲȥᣬţΪһٺٵĻЦ
ȥȥԷææȥ˶ˡ
˵ǰ˶ǶЩ˵ʮּ򵥵ģҲôָеĶŪ
ҾûнЩװȥʣĻڴָأһʮöָߺ˿ĵ˵ͷĶĲء
˵ǣô˵Ҳͬ˰ɣָܷܲǵ㣿ߺԱߣ˵
ߺ󷽵˵ⶼҵսƷԼ
УСε˵Ҳ֪ӸߺϰëǶ졣
Ǹ˭ߺָҴĴ˵
Ǵ֪ߺˣЦٺ٣үʲôԸ
һȥ˭үǴЩ˿ͣһϵߺͷ˵
ָԼҲң
Ȼ㲻ΪһЩԭɱĻߺת˵
θߺûпЦܹܳΪߺϾȻɱ
˼Ҷʣ㻹İɣÿ˵жŲñ֪ܣ
ãˣ˵ţЩ֮һ
ǽɲǷƷȻɣ⻪̻žֻޡ
ǲ棬õһˣҲôý͵͸ˣߺЦ
һ£ߺ֪Ͻ׵ļƷ˵൱ˣ֪Ѿͷȥʲô
˵Լãߺ򲻻ŵģΪԷý
뵽ԼĴָ֮Уﳤȥ
ԽԽԶıӰߺǽ¶һ˿΢ЦжҲǱŰɣ
ҪӸߺ߶ǿ졣
ԴӸߺԺ󣬳ԼˣߺԷһЩ֮⣬κˣߺ֮ģһˡ
ôô׾ͽָأŻԼء
ߺЩˣϳһĨаЦǣ
Ȼȫһ档
ߺź׾γɵı񣬵һЦ߰ɣҲΪǣǣҿڶΣʱ򣬾ߵͷʱ򣡡
Щ˸м㣬Ȼ׷׵ķˡ
ЩûԸߺвߺҲûְҴϵˣֻһоı⡣
ұֵģһҸı⣡ߺһ֣׾ӱ֮ͷųһܡ
СӣҾ㣬Ǻ˵Ļ㻹Ǳĺã֮пߴڵģôͲµ𣿡
ոճ׾Ϳʼ˺ݻ
ߺǵһĨЦԽӲã֪ΪʲôҪ磬ȥ𣿸ɣѾ˺ܶˣҲںһˡ֪ǰ˵ʲô˳Ļĸң
⡭׾ˡ
ߺ浹ȥٵۣڸߺıγһѺӡ
齻ҲΪ㣡ߺһԱߵϣһƿˣһ
׾ɫ˲䣺ʲôʲô飬Ҳ֪
ߺ΢΢Ԫмٵۣһö˲пʼΡ
ûУҲֻ㳢ˣߺһöЦ
ʲôôҲбģ


600 ռӡԹ
Էߺеı飬ʧɫ˵ˣԼе񣬾Щӵбߡ
ȻΪڲ𾳽֮µߣΪ׾ԸЩ߻ֵ
ĸģôк֮ҪײͽԷһ룬Ȼŭȵ
ߺɻ󣺡ʲôʲôײʲôͽ
㣬㲻ǣô֪ǵأô֪Ѱһأߺķʣ׾˶ɵˡ
ܣûҪҪɣٺ٣óɣȻĻһ㿴ʲô̷ߺЦ
׾Ц㣿ƾ㣿ʲôͣҪ֪Ǻ̷Ҷܹ㣿һȥǸң
ߺһЦҸұ֤ȥ֮Ͳô˵ˣ
һ֣һоͳһǧɴС㣬ȴ̷֮Ǵ֮
ߺһҾжʼȥ
еĶ֮󣬸ߺĿ⿴׾ˣˣ
˵꣬Ǵ֮Ȼʧˣ³ڸߺĻ꺣֮ڣڴ֮ɵĿռ䣬һɵ㡣
̷֮ߺʵѾĿˡ
һں׾ļϣ֮֮ȫԭأ׾̾ͱһͨˡ
ҲǱͨ˸ӵʹһЩ
ߺһԼקź׾ͽ̷֮Уߺվ̷֮Ͽգĸ档
׾ӭҵĵ̣ϣĺһЩǧô׾Ϳڰʮ̷ʹС󡭡
С̳ڸߺļϣˣ̷ʹ
ߺ΢΢𣺡̷ðˣҪúõдһ£ǧҪ˰
С˵ͷ¶һ˿аЦݣףİɣһǵĹ֮£úܺõģ
ţҾͷˣߺӰʧռ䣬棬ߺӰٵķС
ٶȿȥе
׾Ϊ׾֮µһˣµ֣ߺпɬ뵽
ոգԷΪȻ˺ܴڣߺԪûлָء

ˣŮߺܿ׷ҴҴĴԴӼʶߺ֮󣬾еᵽǧҪߺΪС
ԣҴʻһξ֮󣬾ͿʼٶȣĵȴŸߺ
ߺ׷ҲǺѣֻһСʱʱ䣬͵ˡ
˵Ů㲻˰ɣҿң֪ܲ˭ߺԲģɶŵЦ
˦˦Լ˧ͷң㣡
ν֪һһ֣֮дһ£ߺһ߿ٵתһöһ߿Ц
ڿٵĲԼϣ´Σ֮ʱӺõĽ
ͬʱҲ֪Ȼı򶼷ٺܶ࣬ǣͬģڷ£ڰͻ࣡
Լʱûʵ˵֪ôġ
Цʿɶֹߺûж࿪Ͼ֪˶ԷˣټϣߺҲ¶Է档
ɲϣԼǳʲôծϴξѾˡ
ҪǰȣԼƨˡ
ΣԼϷĿ˼ŵĵӣܲԼ
ߺ⿪һЦͻԼĴտʼˣΪʼţôԼ֮ʵ̺Թӡ
һ֣ԹʹԷ⣬ԼҲġ
ߺ׵һдգΪһԷֿסԼĺǾͻس׵ĳΪʬ
ߺӦһ˿취ûУɽʬʹԶ˲ˣĳΪʬ⡣
֪ûֻأǣֻصĻôɽʬҲֻһ˵ˡ
ЩԹʹڸߺ֮еԣߺ˺ܶ취ñⶼûа취
ЩԹڸߺԪ뺮˵һ壬ҪŪǸߺɢԪ
Ȼǲܵġ
ߺڴ֮Լ˫ۣε̾Ϣ߸һ£ںһô룬ֲһƬ֮һءţ
ո˵⣬ߺȻͣסˣ԰Ƭ֮еһƬռ䣬ռ壬ô԰أ
ߺĿռ֮Ȼ֮ܵļѹǣڸߺ֮оͲͬˡ
ߣ֮У͵һСء
ߺ֮ռ֮ͬͬԴͲᷢ໥ųԣߺռ֮Լ֮Уǻ硣
ΪʲôķҵأߺԼ
ߺʼ֮еĿռ֮һС͵ݳڸߺ֮С
ߺϷ·һС񣬲ĵߣԹͻᱻ뵽֮С
Щڼȡ˸ߺԪ֮еԹߺڵĺĿʼߺоԼԪʧȥ
ҵԪԴԹԹǲȱٵһˣߺ뵽
ЩȡԹȫ뵽ߺԪ֮Уߺ֮ͿԱͿԲ
ոɣһֵԹӸߺ֮пʼߺľ֮ͦ뵽ߺԪ֮С
ҪУҪȽ֮еԹ˰ߺ뵽
ԼĻ꺣֮Упռ֮ʮΣյģΪߺ֪ԼǷܹȫĿԼĿռ֮
ǿռ֮Լ֮бըʱ򣬸ߺ޶ǿֲ
һݾͲģߺ֮УѾкܶС͵ˡ
УʹΣҲҪһ£ߺ˫֮һ˿ᶨɫԼһ˿Ŀռ۳һöݡ
ݲϵΣȻߺٴεĿĻɿռ
ʼʱ򣬸ߺǺϤǣģߺѾʼԿˡ
ߺÿռӡԼڵԹȾϢһ¡
ʼձھе£ȻԼʵܺãǣԲԳʱ䱣״̬
˵ľһƤеʱ򣬷һٹЧãҲ׳
Ҫ֪Щ飬һͻĪνһ
ߺϢСȴ˸ߺһϢǾǺ׾ڳܲסЩп̷Ӧ齻ˡ
ߺֻǵһЦ飬֪ʲôطҪ֪ײ飡
СٺһЦ⵱ȻҲѲסˣڳ̷֮ʮ̷֮ڿϿ˵ˣ


601 ײ
ʮְһ־ҲĹǿģʲô̷棿ߺ
Ҫ֪ʮʿھСһص̷Ѿʼ֧Ųסˡ
ǸҲֻʮ̷ͿʼԸߺ֪ˣͲκε
־ǿ󰡣־Խǿļһܲס̷ʱ˵ģҲԽࡣ
ߺһӣ׾ѸٵĴӸߺǰ֡
ãá׾֮˺ۣǱǸҲøͷƵˡ
ߺԷƵı飬ʵô㻹ǲ
ǣ˵̷ԷߺĻֵ֮̾˵
ɲٴγ̷ֲֿܵˣ̷ҪǳܵڶΣǵ÷˲ɡ
ߺĵͷһӵеıó
׾˵ͷͷͬˣһֻĲϵһһöУȻһ˶ʮöı顣
ʮöոճ֣ܶʼᶳˡ
ЩֲҴŸߺֻһ߽ƱһǰС
׾ð˿˿ĺڻ𣬰Լ֣ⱻ˵
ڻеı飬ûʧɫӵĺ䣬ӵҫۡ
ߺĵ˵ͷȻȻǲ֮УͲµǴ涫һȻ
ǣֻеһöǴ涫ģ׾Цһ£ε˵
ߺ˵ͷһǴУȻǺöǺ˺Ǯ
Ĵ﹤ߺѵõģһ㲻֣һ㶼뵽ܹӵĴ﹤ߡ
Ȱ㣬ǲҪ⣬ΪͲҵģΪִε񣬶ҵģ׾мЦһ
ߺ΢΢𣺡ʮö飬ռ˶೤ʱˣ
ҽֻ꣬Щ飬ǴӶǰͿʼִ񣬵ռģ
ߺһЦΪ飬û̴
ո˵꣬ߺſһǶʮöȫ뵽ߺĿУȻߺͣɫȻ
ʲôȻ̽ȥˣôĶѵо֮ʲô𣿡һĻú׾ȵİ仰˵ֵĿŸߺΡΡ
ߺ΢΢̣һĨеаЦϣôʲôСֵΪƾʲô֪ϲб鰡
ô͸㽲˵ˣߺЦ
׾֪ԼڽӣԣҲû˵ʲôѻȫȻ˵˳

ˣײ֮һĺײ䣬ǿĲ֮һײ壬֦ͬ
ϧڵعɨʱǿĲ䡣
ջûӵùˣһˡ
û뵽һְߺ˼ţٺٵЦû뵽û뵽ײ֮УȻ۹һݣ˵۹ײɣ
ô죬ߺˣ۹ײĺˣҲǽǵ紴ġ
ع֮俪ʼִ۹
֪ⲿʱѾȥˣֻܴ۹ˣײǿģǳײ
Ҳڲ֮еĳһĲɾ˳ϲ䣬Ҳ۹Ĵһ
Ϯ棬󣬳ϲҲܻڵᡣ
йغҴµҪڵģֻͨᣬִС
Ҫ֪ײвߣĲҲУں׾ĺˣǺײܻġ
Ǻģߡ
ײ峤ǳ
λã峤֮£˵۹һܴĹϵˣʮֵǿ
۸ӣȻڲìܣǣײǰ֮ȴܺõıסˡ
ԣһһѣĲͻ˷֧Ԯ
۹һ飬ѹȥġ
׾˵ߣһЩ⣬ҪЩ⣬ԣײĸڿٵţ뷽跨ĵõЩ顣
Уֻȡ飬һˣҲڸȡȪ顣

ˣҿģĿģҪ۹Ĺߺ뵽
ײһֱҪư½۹Ĺ棬ŴߣֻҪܹȪͼѹסܹƣǾ͵ڶ˺ܶߡ
ǵĴ£Ųɹĺô
Ҫ⣬ǵпű֮ԴöǱЩСˡ
ߺţǻԶѰЩСı顣
ҵĲҪӿһЩˣߺ¶ģ֪۹ʲôʱҲ֪ĻȪ鵽˭С
ǣߺԲûȪͼ䵽۹УӦ軪һ飬ǣ۹߼ޡ
ߺܾôŶԷóѣһһԷܹƻȪͼôͻкܶߣƾռ롣
һߺҪ۹͸ӵˡ
ô˵Ҳײĺˣߺͷº͵Цš
׾ͷң׾׾һ֮УΪߣʵǿߣ
ţǾͺˣһΪ۸أȻûеĻô͡ߺ˵⣬Ȼ˵ȥˡ
ΪгȻһһö֣ʼΧź׾ϵת
ֺϵĽԷϵϢѪĥãڶԷֵĺУߺܵڱڷӡˡ
룬㻹ǰһΪãҲӦóֹԮĸˣ˵ţߺѩ߳ӡ
վڼװϣһǰ·ĺ߰ײ䣬ߣÿһλ߶۷ʵӴأ
ڲ֮Уǹϵĵһǿߣǽλ£гԷơ
ഫʵģǣڸߺ֪ˣֻǱϵģǶԷĲȫҲҪ˱ᡣ
ȣഫʵ࣬Ȼȳ΢ôһЩǵͲ˶١
٣˭Ҳûа취κ˭ѣҲ̶ֳֻܹˡ
֮ǺѷֳʤģǣʵҲǺ׷ֳʤҪɱԷҪһʱˡ
Ͼǵʵһ׶Ρ
ҪһոͻƲߵ׶ΣԷһߣǾͲһˡ
ʵ̫⣬ҲѾȡ
顭
ĴպȻߺһæ¸Ӧȥ
áС֮еѪˣߺĴλãһ޴Ŀ
ǸܶȼźɫĻ棬һȼգˮʼӿ


602 ӽ
ô£е˶ߣʼۿǸطǸ©
ǸλãѾһ󶴣ˮϵĹ˽ˣ©ˮˣǽԪ©ס
ᣡߺһָϺʼðǸڿʼĽϺǸڱסˡ
ˮٹȥˣǸڱķסˡ
˵ĶˣǴñ°Ȼ¾ͷסˣǸʿ˧㣡ԭǴ㰡
ʲô㣬ǰǧһͳ
ߺĺߣֿĸлЩϤĿںţ˵ǲ֪Ϲ˵òǶᣬǶ㣿˵ǿ϶ʵģ
ŶŶԭǶᰡǰְ
ߺٺٵһԼͷһ޵˵ȻҲ˭жţ
ʱ򣬴ɵ˹磬Ҹռһ£ըķ䰡ɲ԰ķýһ£
˲ȫѻȸԭǴİȻСͦ㣬ǣԼģô˵ҲӦøһΰɣ
ǣȻţƣǣװɣ
е˶֪ҴѣɲһСĿȻĸߺƨǵ˲ģ͸˭ʶ˭
ôװ׵ΪԷôʯô˵ҲǶһ̫
ߺ˲ˣǣǱ˺òã治ģ˵˵ɣҪٵ⳥
ߺ飬ҲģȻ˼ҵĴٵˣͱҪ
ɺοߺҲǮӶҽӣ˵ĴָӶĶ
ߺѾСˣǮ
һʣߺûлǮûʲôо̫Ǯˣߺ˵
ϻ㻨Ǳ˵ǮԼ۸ƨʱ򣬵ƸߺĻ
ߺεʼ򣺡ģ
˵ʲôɫƵ˵
˵ǵ춹ģߺһ£ǵѡ˲Է
˳ԣСˣĪŮˡ
Ů˵³ǷǳҵģߺǲԸЩ֮еһԱ
ոǸŪģôˣڴϰɻʵ
˵飬ߺåʧˣ⻹ԵһԼåࡣ
ڣĻжԶߺŴнķ򣬵ʵ
Ҳʱ䳤ˣƾģпһܡ
Ǵ󺣣ôȷаµ·ˣٹ¾Ҫˣ
Ǳŭʱ
ߺ˵ͷҲٵʱˣǾʹ˱ɣ
ȻתͷЦ˵
ʲôҪˣʵ
ߺ˵ͷȻ˻֣ټ˵֮󣬸ߺû˵ʲôڿն𣬿ٵ԰ȥ
ãã֮УٶȾϿӶһһѸ٣һš
ÿٶȣ⺮ֵܼܲǵİǲĸߺǲʲô⣬ڵԼ᲻ᷢʲô顣
ƬϲǺ̫ƽӸոպ˵˳־֪ˣƬ򣬾ֺ˳¼
ȻߺˣҲûʲô취ˣҺϻеĴڣǵȫһЩϡ

ߺڿпٵطţĺˮٵ浹ɡ
Ǹߺʱ𣬶ǸߺоûбҪ˵ֻƼˮꡣ
ߺʲôʣҲֻΪŵĵӣδ
˵һ飬Ǹǳߺֻھ·åƢʲô鲻ģ٩һ£Ҹ˽һơ
ڣѾûʱˣԷĺ׾ˣ˵ὫԼϢ档
ȻԷδܹôҵԼǣһᾡĽжһҪǱԷóˣԼˡ
˵ԷĿкܶ಻߰˵ײˣ£Ҳ϶кܶͶߡ
ĵڶ֣ƾȲԼ
ԣߺҪӿˣϧķԪڸ·һ·ϵٶȣѾ쵽˼¡
ڸߺͣȶߺٵķţڸߺ֮жʮö顣
ԣߺ˿ںķԼԪٵķУΪЩȫܹṩԼָԪ
ߺһ߿ٵķУһձĺָԼԪ
ߵٶȱֻֻܶ࣬ڶȹ򣬻̶ͬȵѶȣֹΣա
ֹΣգǾˡ
ңƬϣкܶӶߣֻкһкܶ࣬ǺǿܴһֶǺӾ۷ߡ
ΪСɵԲںϺУеĻտǷǳģҲֻǺӾߣܹȥ
ʵߣ»ᱻһھͳԵˡ
˶࣬ΣܹӦһ¡
ߺٷţµ·̣ߺֻ˲죬͵Ŀĵء
Զһ½ӳ˸ߺԽԽŨߺ΢΢
ģˣ۹ϣܹӭҵĵߺ彥䵽ĵϡ
ո䵽ϣкܶ˿ʼߺΧ
ã۹Ѿ۹ı߽ˣϣܹһʯΪѣ
վһŸߺ˵
ߺһ£Ҹոͽ۹ľ˰ģ˵ʵǵǲ۹ֻթһǮ
ߺŵЦݣезǣܲܳɹ
ǵȷ۹Ҳȷ۹ģǧôܶ۹Ľأ
ԶԶľͿߺԶɹ϶ߺһǵһνĵ
Ҫ֪ĿɲȲȣеĶй̶ĸۿڵģ붼ǴӸۿڽȥߺӱĵطġ
ˣױ·Ƿ뾳ֻҪǽˣڸۿڵʱ򣬶һ󷨡
Ǹ󷨻˵ϢֻҪûܵϢǷǷ뾳
ʱֻҪĵˣҪթߺһʣִӣߺ
Ͼߺûнɽѡ
ûǾˣ۹Сӣ㽻һڵʯǾͻŹ㣬ôһ°
뵽ԷӲ򲻹ִܵѰ
ЩִߣΪǺصľ磬ĸ󶥼ѡĵӡ
ߺ˵ͷȻ۹ߣǾ֤Ҳ̫ˣ


603 
Сӣʲô˼Щ˷ĺѾ˰ˣߺһֱֵȻı飬ǿķǳĲˬ
ȫıˣǷ׷׽ߺΧߺ¶ĨŵаЦ
ôλΧŹɣѲƴߺôĵȻ·ʲôںһ㡣
Щ˹ЦԭΪʲôӢۺúԭҲֻһֶѣûԸַǷԽߣƴģ
ߺȷĵ˵ͷǾ˵Ҳÿˣ
˵ʲôóɣôܱȵǵأԷЦ
ߺҲŲϵЦ԰԰԰ҵôȵǵأˣһİãϲȡҪĶ
˵꣬ߺ֮Уǿҵĺ˲ϯܣһƬ밶ϣȫˡ
ЩʵʵǿֻֻǺصľ磬Ȼ͸ߺʵҪɸߺһǮ
ǣڶԸߺȴĵĺˣúʵʱǾ̺ˡ
ǣʱѾˣߺֻǱһԼϵϢͽȫıסˡ
һıøڰվš
ߺһЦǲҪװ۹ˣƫƫҪװ¿еĸˣ
˵꣬Ѹٵת˰ߵɭ棬ʮҪһطʵȻڸߺѾǲ߾֮޵ˣǣڸߺʵ̫ˡ
Ϊ۹κпܳǲߣϾ֮£ܹסȪͼģֻǴӻȪͼ֮óһЩѡ
ǣ̶ֳȵı飬ѾˣҪȻҲῪʼۼЩȪͼ֮еı顣
ҪƻȪͼҪûȪͼЩɽʬĲߡ
۹ǵͷͷģһӵзǳǿʵֻЩѾ۹ʵһ
⻹ЩЩƵƵȪͼ̽յ벻ߣôĽʬһǷǳʵĽʬһܽǵʵöࡣ
ջ󣬸ߺʣԼгư½˼һҲۺġ
ңǧѷĻᣬȪͼ֮еԴȪȪ֮֮Դ׷׵뿪˻Ȫͼı塣
һȪͼĺǴȵļ٣Ѿཫɢıҵˡ
ֻǲȪۣ֮ߺյЩ
ȻһЩǣЩС˴ţֻҪסŻȪͼôЩɢıȻ»صȪͼ֮ϡ
ʱ򣬻Ȫ֮һʹǿ󣬶ѾĶ˵Ҳ˺Լ˵ġ
۹Щ˲ͬΪ˶ԵУûȫƿػȪͼѾʼˣȻ⵽ɵģǺġ
ߺѾЩǺӾ߷ˣҪľôЩ߾ǡ
ԣֻоʵ۹ĹŻᱣϣ

ߺΪ˼ӿ̣ѾǽӽˣԼĻȪȫĴڱ˳
һױȵĺ˲佫ܶˣɭ֣ǺЩʮöһö൱ڸߺȫԪ
Ǹߺ֮ҲǸߺȫߺЩȫգ͵㽫Լһѡ
ڸߺѾˣΪҲǺӾصľ磬ֻҪߺԼ۷壬ٽԼΪͻ㣬Ϳˡ
ҵʱ򣬸ߺͻȵӡ
ֻҪͻˣߺţɳȫǺӾ۷ߣԼ̫á
ڲߵľ磬ߺǻûǸزʵ̫ǿˡ
뵱ԼѪֻһʵķʱ򣬶еʮֵĿ־壬Ҫ˵ߺоԼҲǶ֡
һֻеȵԼͻƵ۷徳ͿˣΪߺԪ֮еǷһԪɱȡ
ܺͲߵĲ֮
ߺãԼͻƲ֮һ

»ȪߺĬĬ߶֮еԪҲʼָɫı顣
ɫıƯ棬ɫģƯڸߺͷߺԼ֮еȫɣ忪ʼƯȪġ
ող棬еĺ˲ʧˣЩɱĺʼ߿£ĽߺС
ǺǣԭȪͼ»Ȫ󷨣ջȪ취
ߺһ߸̾һ߿ʼٵΧĺЩһɹɵĺʼߺľ֮С
ľոôĺһ¾ͿʼŸߺϵЩߺҲʼС
ߺΪȴ෴ٵٶȣ˭þȵġ
ÿһʵٶȶܶ࣬ߺȴͬǡǡ෴뵽ǺӾ֮һ·
Ȼ͸ߺǷֲġ
ߺҲʼ֮⣬ȻѾʼһ˿˿ĹΡ
Ǻɫ꣬ǰɫ꣬涼ӵһ˿Ρ
ߺջȥ֮󣬰ߵǼҲڲˣΪѾˡ
ߺĺĽˣȻ˵ĺ붬ߵ״̬̫ĺʹҲܲסġ
ڣ֮󣬸ߺĳɹΪѾһ·ǺӰصľ磬ǰ۷ľ硣

ߺʱ򣬵Ѿۿˣǽȴ۹ء
ЩǴϣסǸĺ֮󣬾̿ʼЩȫĿѺˡ
󵨣ǲ֪˭ҿŵĵӣôͲǵɱ𣿡
ûץŭ
ǸֻһЦ˭Ż˰ֻҪ۹Ҫܵ۹ĹǿɲҪȻĻͻᱻ۹ͨǶ㲻۹ͨɣ
סˣȷǲߣߵĻ֤ˣʹʦǰţҲʲô˵ˡ
Ŷ˭ǣ۹ץǵĵӵģô֪۹ʵڲһˣ
һŮӵĴԶ˹
ʦ壡Ӱݼʦ壡̹£ϲ˵
һŮӵӰʼӴҵǰ֣ʮֵĹ죬ӰȻʵġ
ţЩҲһæȥ۹
Ǹһ긾Ůģǣ̴棬Ҳʮֵ
֪ˣһӶѣҰҵߣǲʲôɣҡҷ欵ģߵһǰ˵
ǵȻ˭ǲŵȨأ


604 Ǻ۷
µȣμˣЩ֮˸æ£ͬ˵
һЦ벻һõȻҲСߣ˹Ŷ
ֻ֮гһ󺺣ɫۣͷɫڣǿƣеĵطˣˮڷڣ̫˺ü
е߶סԼԪǣȴ˿ҲȺ
һõŸˣҲһ⺣ߣǾ˵Ľɫ𣿡ԷҲǿڲˣ˵
Ǹ󺺣۹һһİ׾ڣǸ˳ƺ׾
ΪĻеģ֪֮Уͻᱻȼմûа취ֿ
ߺߣҲõİ׾ǸϼһȻţ㻹ʵ˵
׾ٺЦô̫û˼ˣܲĵӪĻ⣬磬ĺͽƬʲôΪʲôϻкģ۹أ
һЦǣͺúøλʦ˵˵Ҫ£أ
һЦõģʦ棬ʦô¡
׾ɫţºˣ춷죬Լıƽ޹ʵĵһ
˼ҽԼʦ壬ʦ棬ʲôⲻ͵˵Լýʦ
ҲҵģҪ֪ŮӶ죬ûӮʱ
ԷȻԼͽͽԼԼȥͽͽԵԼ̫ûˣԣҲֻˡ
ˣֿҲĽ
ǰǰ˵һ飬ֻûȫ˵
ģʦ壬ǵĺЩӲ̫̫ƽǱһЩ˵˴ˣЩǲ񰡣治֪ǰڹ˵֣Ǻǡ
ԱߵŲˣʲôǰ군ȻҴǣǻĲͷˣһҪۣô군һ򾡣ΪǵҲһڶôһﲻмף˵£ɫôˣǲǺߵķ紵ˣˣû±磬Сз簡
ŵȻǵˣԺҲ֪˵ĵϸ׾һٵĳ
ƫƫ׾ܻ죬ˡ
Ժ飬ǻ˵Щɣ׾ˣԼһ˵ˡ
˵Էʵǿ󣬶Ҳ̫еݶˣƿԣһ仰˵
ţʱ򣬺Ȼ콵꣬ǰڹ˵һٳȻЩӽǵĴ״©ˣͰǲˡ

ˣ׾˵û뵽ôˣܲ졣
ܳʵ˵ˣ
ǰɣˣأ׾ո˵Ųˣ˵˵۹Ĵʲô˼ǻ𣿡
׾˵ҲԾȻǣʧ̬ʧ̬Ǻǡ
ǰˣҪעһԼ̬ȣ֪𣿡˵ڣǿ㻰ҲˣѲҪ
Ȼңߣ׾΢Ц˵
һЦǸʦ壬ǶˣǸһЩˣӦҲûʲô˰ɣ
׾һЦǰЩ˿԰۹ĵ飡
ǣ˴һǧ뾳ѣЩ֮ѸٵĿʼ˹
Щ˵Ҳһ룺ŲΪǿ֮һ۹ôӣ

׾˫һУнԶӰһЦߣǾͲɣҿҲƣQ˼ˣӣͺúõһ£
漴ɫɫĿıӰǿƯǳɹ֮һҪĶ죬úõΪҷһ£ô
ˣҴĴѺ£ܴҲŵ˵ĻҪϸѯһ£
ţ׾Ը
һӰѸٵӰ׾ԱΣ˵ǣһʮֵܡ
׾ĵ˵ͷţˣȥɣ
һתʧڿУ׾Ǻ˫𽥵պ׾ĻӦûһ꣬Ҳ֪Ĳ࣬Ϊʲôȴû
ЩǻȪϵĺû˵УһлȪ飡

ߺЩһ㶼֪ھľʵ֮С
ı飬Ѿʣ²ˣֻöѣĻȪ飬ڴ֮ǰߺԵĲĺԣ鵹Ҳࡣ
ߵʱȻıڻȪ棬һ߾ÿʼֳ
棬ǳһƬƬ˵Ӱǹ¶ƮţѰδ·ôߣãɢǿҵԹ
úҲЩԹˣʼɢһ˿˿Թǣ̺ɱ
ָϵĳŸߺĻ꺣Ÿߺꡣ
ߺоԼһίˣоޱȵԹޣ˫ۺȻѾƽ˫ˡ
˫֮гʻɵɫкȻֳһ˿㣬ߺȻʼĸá
ߺ·ܲʹһŬеĺеԹɱкฺܶȫ뵽Լ֮С
ȻܵЩĳǣеĺɫ꣬Ȼʼա
ߺǺɫıȽһ㣬ϾǴߵʱɫ֮һԵȫȥˡ
ǣ֮ȴڷٵɫ֮ȴڼѹЩʼֽЩеյС
ģߺܵĹƵԽԽ죬ֵʱ࣬ʧʱӵĶһЩ
ȡߺˣԼ֮еЩȻڿԼ塣
ߣ޼һУߺ˵ٵĿƣȫЩϡ
Щ񱻸ߺһ׷ֹͣסٶˡ
ߺ˫һУЩʲôͣ޼ںǣҲֻҵϣ
ո˵꣬ߺԪٵתЩȻʼıЩԪĥһ˿˿뵽ߺԪ֮С
ߺ˫ɫ꣬ҲڿʼٵתһԲƵģɫԲ̲ϵĽЩ뵽С
ɫԲֽ̣ٶȸӵĿˡ
ɣߺ͹֮󣬿ʼøӵʵˣܵĹΣҲڲ˸ˣǱˡ
ǺӾ磬۷壬ɣ


605 ɱľ
ߺɹ׵۷壬ΪȻҲˮɵĽ뵽ؾ磬ʱĻȪ飬¶Ѿɢһˡ
ƯڰУͶǣˡ
ԭ۷ǲأ룬ʹЩ׾ߣʹһٸҲҵĶˣߺ֮ȵ
ߺ۾һ£ĺһȭһȭͷϱŷȥٵȥ
ǺĵطѸٵĽûˮĵطı㡣
ϣûȺѾʼɺˡ
䡭
ϣ˲ҳһڿ棬˲ӿĺںΣһ˻״ĺںˮɵĺ֮С
˻߰ףȫǱߺþҳĺɵġ
ߺޱ飺ЧΪ֮ҵҲǴȵˡ
ĸʲôȻˣͳɣߺԶ˵
ԶĴֵλãûиǵĵطOO@@ĳٸӰǵΪ͵ǺأߵǺ۷塣
˭Ϊ͵ңߺûǣǵ˵
һ˳ڱܹˣǺ׾ν˰ɣδ̸մ
ߺ׾֣֪ԷվǽԼһ˵˳ת¸ߺ˭
ĸվ˳һðŰɫĻ棬ŻðɫĻ棬иðŻɫĻ棬һǻðųɫĻ档
ǵĻش𣬸ߺ֪ˣɫĽа׾ɫ׾ɫǻ׾ɫģ׾
û뵽Ĵ׾ȫˣΪǵֵֻع𣿡ߺЦ
׾ٺһЦַ飬ǲû־ҪΪ𣡡
ߺϿ¶һĨеаЦŶû뵽лҰǽѵˣлѵЩӦģ
Ȼõ˵ݣȻûһ˿־壬Һ֪ôĶô֮𣿡
еĻ׾˳ŸߺϵЦ
Ҫֻȥǿϧˣ˭ǵĶˣߺʵ
׾һЦ׾˵
Ҳ˵ˣ׾˵ǻûбʲô֤˰쳤ǵϣô˵ô˵ǵˣ˵ƻƣңҲûа취ߺٺٵЦ
׾εЦЦȻݣ˵׼ˣǻб֤ˣˣǸһ
֮ȥһҴĴֻڵѾˣԾ̡
˵ģ˵㣬˵أҴĴ˵Ļܸ׼˰ɣ׾˵
ߺǴһ̣֪ԼûȥˣοҲûдأոֻǶһѡ
ûǵĶǱٵģô˭뵽۹ǵȻͺһѣǱΪ飬ĹΣϿڡ
Ÿߺϲ˵ļͷ϶ð˺ߣͦ࣬Ͽʲô˼
ˣ˵ˣʲôҲҪˣֻҪǶʮöȫǣǾͷŹ㣬Σ׾ͷĴ˸ߺ֡
ߺҲһ¾ͱˣʮֵ侲뵭Բ
˵ʲô׾˫һУɫĻб˲ߺߣǾĵط޲Ѹٵȼ
ߺǺ⣬վϺȻЩѸٵıסˣߺһ˦ͷԤ֣𣡡
漴ߺ͵رȥ׾ȥеٵۣʱң
һô໰ǵţҵҪܺ׾ˣǿʲôز׾һ֣˵
׾ٺٵЦַʲôͣ
׾ûӰһɫĻӰ˸ߺߣ桤һ
һŵĻѸٵĽߺΧˣҵĻ⣬ҫڱϣɫĹߣǣܿɶߺĺš
ԣĻⲢûʲôֻ֣ס˸ߺ
ߺ̶ȣɲܹģȵĻ棬ߺĺһѸٵĽ£¶ȶûˡ
ν𣿡ߺĴӳɫĻ֮д˳漴һȭͷ⣬ڻ档
ߺٴε˵˵ûбʲôˣֻʣˣʹȥɣ
׾һΪ׾弸ٵʧڸߺϷ
桤ݷ
ߺһ֣ͽû˿¶ȵĻɢ漴Ϳ˶Է桤ݷ
һУͺ׾񰡣Ҳôһˣǲǻһнȭ
ߺ˵漴ͷǼ׾ǲҲСǾһ
ôĵӣ˵ǷֵǣϣһҪϵıȫóʹԽģҲҪڳ׾ոһУΧС
ǣǲģƽǺӾߣ˲ͱһˣǺԼͬȼľߣܾô׵ӳȥ
ոոߺվͷһԪȻһȭ͸ˣʵΪ˼
ԣԼԲٳܵˣҪȺŹ
ߺ֮󣬷·ûһ㣬վԭأǣƾǽԼŰΧס
ĸͬͷˣͬķ򣬽ԼΧס
ʹԼľаɣȻĻǺѻģ֪ߺ׾Ը
е˶˵ͷǲôϿ׾˵Ļǣ׾ǳ𲿵ţҲײϵһ졣
ԣ׾ĻȻͬǻǱġ
桤ƻ꣡桤ȼģ桤桤ڤ飡
׻ֻ棬ΧŸߺͣתҪѰ뵽ߺ֮УߺȴǵһЦ
ƾǵĻ棿Ц桤Ա⡣
ߺЦ֮˫һ˫ּٵĻһȦһǿĺѸٵıͷų˲ͽЩ˸סˣ
ЩϾĴ׾ȫһԣںУȻϵĿʼܵĺ׷ѡ
ߺ⣬֪ã桤ѩ
ո˵꣬ЩͽߺľԱƿˣߺ
ߺѾһƬǹ⣬ԣЩҵײһ𣬱Ϊǿıը
Ǳը̫ǿˣȻӲĽߺӸѩ״̬֮£˳ܱĺҲǿҵıըˡ
ߺѸ׾ԣȥɣ
ҿ۹׾㲻ɱҡ
Ϊ׾ԣɱľ㣡


606 
㵽˭ΪʲôҪ۹ΪУ׾һ仰Ϊ仰ո˵꣬ߺͽ֮׵ıסˡ
׾ðһɫĺ˶ûϢѸٵıȥȻֻʣһƤˣ궼ûӳ
Ϊ۹ޣʲôޣʹɻȥظʰɣ˵ţߺվЩˡ
ǿ׾Ĳ״׾ǿģȻ˵Ƕ׾Ǻܷǣȴӹɵġ
ɱ׾㾹Ȼɱ׾׾ˣ׾ǲŹǵģǻ·ɣ
ߺȥ·ܣҸоûκ·Ļˣ
ô׾ʵѾȫɵˣ˵Щˡ
Ȼǡնɱˣߺ䣬Ȼʧٴγֵʱڰ׾ǰ
ոյıըߺûбһˣУɫһ¡
ҿڸߺ۷壬ңεĴڣûͨڰ׹εķ
ڸߺ֪ԭɫűãܵʲô˺
ԭֻΪɫ꣬ҪǴԼĵȽء
˺һǰ׾ĻˣĻ汬ըȻܵһ˿ůľȻֻôһ˿ǶԸߺȴ
Ҫ֪ߺǺ֮г˺ϢûгֹʲôůߺѪҺ£Ǳġ
ⲢߺˣǣҲˡ
ǣһ˿ůȴܵһ˿вȻвСǣߺԲĳ֡
׾׾Ļ沨ߺûС
֮Уһ˵Ļ棬סߺģûκεãһߺ֮лķ顣
һǿƸߺԪģӵĲˣߺԪȶԷ֮Ԫ֪߳ٱôô׾ͱסأ
ԣԸߺвľ׾ĳɫ棬ֱĻ档
һǰ׾İɫ棬Ƿ·ֱյУڻ
׾Ļ治ǣԽǲĻ棬ԽǸĻľţߺڰ׾ǰ˵
桤ֹˮٿʼ֮󣬾յ㣡
һǿҵĺӸߺ֮ͷųҲϵĳŲֹͣʱ򣬰׾ҲҲܶˡ
顭
澵ӺȻ飬˷ȥ׾һ˲ͱָݡ
ߺתԱǷܵˣǽ¶һ˿аЦǿϧܲģ
ߺ׷ǻ׾ͬһһ㣬׾׷ȥ
򣡡ۿߺͿҪ׷Լˣ׾־嵽˼㣬ԼͷųϣԼܹΪԼֵסһ
ߺ⣬ЦЦ򣡡
ߺֵʱ򣬸ߺȻĲͬǾǣ֮УȻһЩӰĴڡ
ûӰĴڣ·һ㣬ڸߺƬռ俪ʼߡ
ҵ򡭡˱仯ߺ뵽ԴͻΪ֮󣬸ߺǵһʩչҲ֪Լڻӡ
ǷԲ֮У͵֣·һСıڱĺܶλãƮ
ɢһ˿˿ĺƮƮȥ
ߺ˲ϸԼʲôͬ׾ײȥ
˾һĻˣԭ֮ײᷢ޴ĲȻ󣬾ʵһᱻײɡ
ǣȴһˣΪ׾ûбײɣûʲôǣߺסˡ
Щ֮ϵĹ꣬̿ʼ򽻽ӵĵطӿȥ׾֮УϵıӿȥıһЩȻʼ˺ҧԷĽ
ǷſԼĴڣȻĲҽһݺݵҧȥģǷ磬ʼһ©
ЩȻԷĽҧˣ׾ԼĶˣеʹҲˡ
ߺֲ̫ˣЩոսƵ֮󣬸ߺ֮еıͿʼı
˵ҲˣǱıɺ뵽Է֮У֮еĻɫ棬Щ֮󣬶ʼ
ߺ˫һоԼоԻ򣬾ȻָƣһֿԿƶԷĸоĵ
ĺڶԷ֮вϵΣȻһıɽٴγ֣ԭĻ򣬾ȻҲһ
ֻ֮Уûй»Ĵڣ͸ߺȽҲС˺ܶࡣ
ǣʹߺȴɾʮֵ棬ԼԿһ͵ͬڣԼԵУʵ˵ȴһôˡ
ߺһЦڸոɵļ֮УĿŲ𣬶ңҪϵֿɵļ
㣬ʹȥɣߺٺٵЦڱ˵֮жʱ޷ٴµ
Ի׾˵һ֣ûκη֮ıߺˡ
׾ոȥʱڸߺ֮Уٴζһ꣬ʼʱ鵭ģǣ𽥵ģʼʵ
ߺǱ߿ȥϸĶԷò
˵ӵʱ򣬸ߺһΪģǸȻãʮֵ׾
ߺٴ𴦿ȥڷЩĹɣǶڸߺɹĽԼ֮еԹ֮ɱˡ
׾׾ҲС
氡ҽЩ֮Ҳһ˿Ҳ֪ı仯ߺи̾
˿仯ǸողſʼģԼԹɹԼ֮еԹʱ򣬾Ͳ˿仯
ֻʱʱӦû̫ԣΣԼȪ֮е׵ı˿仯ӵˡ
ߺ򲻶Ӵܵ׾ٺһЦȻҵĹЧǾ͸ܷŹˣ
˵ţߺѸٵĳڸߺߣһǷ֮У˺뺮ʲôûУǣȴűȻ׾ʩչǿ
˫л׾Χ棬ߺȲȥҪոǲǴɡ
׾Ȼûйߺϣʩչ
ߺ編ƣɽ׾˼򣬶ңٴνԷɱʱԼ֮ٴγһꡣ
£ߺǷˣⲢżȻԼȷ˲Ϊ֪ı仯Լ֪


607 ׼۹Ĺ
εı죬ߺоԼڵԪ֮򣬶ʼȪԿʼչ
ԣߺ֪ǸǻǣΪֹߺûиоʲôʣҲֻãǸˡ
ڸߺܸıһУȻҲıһУ˸ߺʵߺô׵ķġ
Ĵ׾곹׵ˣڸߺļ֮У·ʧȥǰļ䣬ֻӸߺ
ߺţȻԼоһƣӿԼͷ
ں˯һߺȻⲢΪԼոմ֮ˣΪԼڵѾһЩǿˡ
ߺһ˲飬ǷıУ˷ȥܵĲԶߣЩУڸߺļ֮Ρ
˵ߺӦûûȫȻ仯ɣǴεСͱ֮Уߺǿ꣬ǣڻȪ֮Уߺá
Щãߺ⼸ȴûһֹʹߺǲ̫
ߺɱ˽ʮ֮һʵǿߣһѾͽ֮𣺡㣬֪۹Ĺģ
ҡҡͷոҡ£ͱһƤңںɫƤ֮Уһ˿˿ɫĺð˳
ߺѾԼȥֻô׷ǡ
һˣߺûˣæԼͷųԲɶðŵĻ档
ԭΪߺƿҲҪ֧Լɡ
ȴû뵽ߺûһ˿ֱһȭͻ棬ܿʼ򱻺ȫΧʱͿʼѺۡ
䡭
Ȼʼˣˣߺһȭˡ
ۡ
ſһѪ嵹ɳȥոշɵһ룬ֹͣˣӱߺš
ߺȥ˫֮ûһ˿飺˵ֻ۹Ĺʲôط𣿡
ҡͷߺʧĿһۣ˫֮ðһ˿ɫĺֻһţ˿ˣ̿ʼͷҪɱңҪɱҰ֪֪
ţߺĿһۣ飬ǲǻб֪
Դӿ׾ոȥ龰˶ɵˣԸߺĻ֪޲ԣ޲
֪۹Ĺڵصˣȫһһָߺֶ߸ߺߺĻ˻֣ˣȥˣ
ոգǸ˰ΪʲôҪɱңΪʲôҲ㣬Ҫɱңһ
ߺĿһۣ־ֻ֣ոջش⣬̫ˣѾǲͷˣ
˵ţߺһ˿ɫ˿ɫת˶Է֮УʼϵնԷԪ࣬׳Լĺ
еĶһյʱҲͳ˸ոգ׾Ƥң֮ûһ˿Ĵڡ
ǻ꺣֮е꣬ߺĺɫ룬Ȼбըʧһɶ
ߺѸոǸָһ˵ԣո˵֪۹ĹģڣҪ·ͬ⻹ǲͬⰡ
˿˸ߺײеֶΣﻹҲӦͷСһ㡣
ߺ΢΢𣺡ţ㻹ʶʱ񣬺ã㣬һȫɱ㣬ҲԸоˣ·Ҿ㳢ҵһֿ̡㳢ֿ̣ܵͻ֪ţδر˺ܣ
֮󣬿ͷ絷⣺ұ֤Ҿ·һ
ͷٴ̧ͷʱЩɢӵߣȫ˱⣬еϢѾʧһɶˡ
ͽôһ˲䣬Щ˾Ȼȫˣֽ޷ܣոգߺֻèϷ
ڣԴ·ˣߺ˵
ߺĻһ飬ͷŸߺһȥ˿κεǵøߺһ˿ɱ
ߺĺ棬ûֱӴߣǾôƽķС
øߺٶȷɣ̫էˣڸߺǷǷ͵ߣô۵ĻߺпܱһЩ˷֡
Ǳ߷֣ǻʲôǣǱǿ߷֣Ĵˡ
ǻֹ׷ɱߺߺȻڲ߾֮£˭£ǣһһߣǾӶӲˡ
ңԼȥ·۹Ĺ۹пߺţǻ᲻ǲ߽ȥ
ȻпܶʧһߣǣǼһȪ飬гƿǶжڱС
ȻģεжôֻǲǺӾأ
˵ǿļǺӾߣѾԼܣˣײ棬ֻһ׾ˡ
ң׾ϻˣߺоʹǲǺӾߣǲҲû̫ô
ߺһ߸˵Уһߵʵ㡭
үʲô飿ֱʣֻҪ֪ȫ㣡ߺڽæ˵
ߺû£㡭
ҽ죬СӣҶӾˣҽһˣǺӰصΪ
ߺո˵һ֣ԷæԼĵϸ˵ˣ޲е߸ߺ
ߺͷߣǣʡ
ҼлһŮ֪үˣҹŮò绨绨㡣ޡ
ߺϵĺԽԽˣֻͣ㣬ھ۹ĹжԶ·̡
죬ҲǶһ£ԭСûү֣ҾԲǸ˼ҵĹŮǡ
죬شңڸһ˿ϻҷ㡭ߺ˵
ߺ̲סԼŭˣҲ֪ȥߺǾԻϵԼġ
·̣үõģ·ֻ̣һգ۾͵ˡ
ߺڶЩˣû뵽Լеˣȴһ죬֪Ͳѡˣⶼ

ڸߺ۹ĹߵʱڲĴ½һƬеϿգŶ䲻ͬĻ棬֮ƯĳУɳĮ
ǣûʲôɳңˣҲûڳ֮еӡ
޴ĳģһƬߴĹǹ֪ʲôɵģȻȼŻ档
棬һЩվеһ󹬵֮Уǵǰ棬ˡ
϶ɢȵϢһ֮⣬·ǲͬģͨûʲô
ʮǰ۹Ȼ۹ҵһԿףڣڽ֮ȫķˣŻȪͼ֮һҪɹ
м̧ͷ˫֮Уĺɫҵȼա


608 ǿİ
м˳ʮֵĴֿ˵ʱ֮жһŰϢ˿֮󣬶̲סеԼһֿҪɿ˵ĸо
ܵ˶̲ס˺öףҹ£ǣ峤ˣ
ΨԱߵĸˣûƵģͷģ˵γ˭ȥ
һ·˵Щ̧ԼͷǸˡ
Ļһʶǰˣĵڶ֣
룬½ֹڣ˾ĵڶ֣ʵȷ
Сƣôˣʵ
˫֮бһĺɫ棬ǰĿռ価ȼ˵ˣǸиߺ飬ʵɶƣһЩǣ֮еƣȴǲôεġҪҵһ˿֮ڵѾˣ
һ£׾ϵƣɫЩڣΣǵж²ô˳˳ˮģҸһº׾ƣڣȻһ˿Ϣ
ôһ˵Ҳˣ˵ܹɻȪ飬ҸоĲô򵥣ǻСΪ
е˵˵ͷ˫һСΪεļƻκ©ĳֻ֣Ҫ©Ǽƻ飬һа׷ˣ
ΣǻǱСȥ˰ɣҽǵµĲߣڼϱҵİȥִε񣡡Աߵɫ·˵ˡ
ҡҡͷ£һҪκķɣȥһɣ
·ǸվҹȥɣҶǸСӣȤ
СһЩո˵һ룬һ˾ͻŵܵߣȥͰ͵˵£ݼݼ峤ݼġλ죡
˵ʲô鰡˵
Ȼ˵һ뵽ոǿֲ飬ô޷ԼϢˡ
λȥ׷Ѱ˵ġߺ˵ѾЩˣ˵Ǻˮ˫֮Ǿ֡
⣬ôģֻǳȥ׷Ѱһ·ʲôСֵģؾţ
ǣǵȫˡ
ʲô˲䱩ϱȵϢɫĻϯЩˣ鲻ãͳȥˡ
ոս鱨Ǹˣ˲䱻ɫĻûˣǣûһ˿˺ۣǣ˫֮УȴʧȥĹʡ
꣬Ѿȼյһɶˣʧˡ
һ̣һɰɫĻ棬ɫĻ棬ɫĻ棬׷ױǸɫĻ棬ȼôãû𻵹ǣ죬ֻһ֣ˡ
һԱߵӵһƬűˡ
һߺȫͨߺ֮ɱ⣡ףŭţȥִˡ
˫۳죺ǰȥֻҪߺͽ֮
˫һ䣺⻹ϻģǻҵôܡôĹһҪɱйͷ֮ޣ
˵ͷҪ۹Ĺ֮еĻȪͼΪǣһưµĸ
ߺ޵ĵ˵ͷģҲ֪ײĹҫһϣչ֣
Ĵأֻͳ½һײڣǾҪͳ½
Ǻ׾˵Ļʮֵ泩ԼȻˣû
ЩˣȫˣһȣԼǲˡ
νеİ׾׾ټ㣬һôɣ˫һУЦĺ
ЦŲھԶЦ
ٺЦ˵ʵĲôţ㵹ѲЦҲǵЦ

ߺûǸӾ·Ϊڰ·ϹȻˣǾǵ
߻ǿĸ֣һţŷֶȨˡ
ҪŽʦ壬Ϊʦ㣬һʦ
ɹĳΪ֮һȻգ˳µĽǰǸɣš
ŵϣߺܵǣһǿϢԼоһ˿вϢ
ǰͨǺӾǿ߰ɣߺ˵
æߺԼʦܣʦ棬Ҹ˵ĸߺоʹ˺׾ߺҵʦ棬ŵȨţ
֪Сֵγƺ΢Цߺĸоߺĸоһ
ڸߺϣܵΣյϢϢоԼԼһ㡣
ǿ־壬ǣڶԷʵϿɣԷȫԼв
ԭǰ±Ǻħߺ˵
ôһ˵ȴǼһ׵Ĵܺ׾ԼԴⲻɲĵͽͽΪʲôֳƺأ
ߺһЦҵĿģߣǺӾʱ򣬵ʲôƺҲǺ⣡
ߺĻŵԱߣһŮӣӵǱἸ֣úúãӢ۳꣬ô룬Һͬ
ߺĿ˶ԷһۣڶԷϣߺܲκεϢԸߺȷ˵ΪһǷǳǿġ
пǲߵľ硣
֪λǰǡߺʵ
ûȵ˵Լϻˣ˭ҪҪǣǴеĿӦһģû´ĻոˣӦ۹˰ɣ
ߺ˵ͷ۹ߣǰôȷǵĿͬأ
ŮصһЦСֵ֪ʣʵ۹ôĻָˣǰежΪǲ֪еĳΪԼµڶĸ֣ΪΪˣ֪֮ϣһһ𣿡
ߺ˵ָ
̸ߺ֪˵۹жҲϵ˸ǡ
ڣ֪ڴ۹Ĺ⡣
ԣǲǰȫųԷʲô춯

ߺ⼸˽Уͨţߺ֪ˣʵǺӾ֮ϣ𾳽֮£һ硣
Ǿǰľ磬缴ǺӾ磬Ҳڲ߾磬
ңߣһ˿ߵʩչߵһЩͨ쳹֮ܡ
еǿģϲôǿĲߣҲߣ֮ܵĿԡ
ԸЩǺӾߣǲڻ£ֱ練ơ


609 Թ
û뵽ԭǺӾ벻֮䣬ôһĴڣҵʲôʵأܷѾͰսأߺ뵽
ڵĸߺ˵ǺӾ۷ߣȻĶˣ֪ԼǲǻܺͰս
ߺûнԼʵ˵ʱ̣ԼʵǺҪģߺţʹǿԼҲԿڶԷѡ
Ȼ֪˼˶ȥģߺҲͲҪ˵Ĵˣֱӽ֮ɱˣһ·ϣߺѾܹ߶ˡ
ֹĳøߺеΣңҪĻֽӣߺᰡԺѧѧ
һʵ˲Ǻܶ࣬һֻˣֻΪߺһŵˣûΪߺܹˡ
˶ӣңߺֻܴһΣյϢǸߺȲ϶ԷǶԷȫ˸ߺĿԡ
ͱ׾ߺһӶԷϣܵһ˿в˵ɱߺ
ԣһģԷȫ˸ߺı¡
ˣͬŵǰһߺȫܲԷơ
һ·ûжٻǸߺĻȽ϶һ㣬ǣԵĳߺҲýе٩
һ·ûжٻǰߣڣһ޴ĶǰڷԲʮǲСˡ
ģһֲûУڶڵλ֮УɢǿԹ
Թ죬ŨԹɫɢŵɫȻһֱ˻ɫԹԲûκεֲ
е˶֧֣ЩԹ֮Ψߺֵ֧ʱиоϧ
ЩԹ˵ͺñȶҩһΨϣԸߺǴ󲹣ЩǸʵ
Ϊ˲̫⣬ԸߺǾԼǲˣ̫ˡ
ԭŵµӣǧǼԿǶطǱȽӵ
һЦڰ֮𣬸ߺæ̧ͷȥֻһȫŰɫ·ˣվڰУ¹
Աߣı󵭵վţˣһҲǰɫ·ˣˣİǴڽĵʱܵصˡ
۹׾һҲ۹׾ȫɫ·
ʣµλȻɳˡ
ԭǰˣʦʱǼأǧһʦ֣վ˵
Ƕ԰Ӷֻע棬עǸڡ
Ǵ˴ǰΪʲôƽ۹ĹʱǲûвμӣΪʲôҪμأһЦ
⻹Ϊ۹ôڽ۹ĹȻҲҪȥǲǻʲô˵
һ¸ߺߵݣȻͣ˸ߺϣ˭ôûʲô֣
ߺһ£û˵ææ˵Ÿոյһͽܣҵʦյģʲô𣿡
ߵˣû˳ԡ
˫һУ򵶾öˣ𣿻Уǰ˵𣿡
˵ţ˫֮Уȼһ𣬵ɫȻò԰оԼкĻȼգܵĸоЩ޷԰Ρ
ȿȡҵĿһ˿ѪеĻѾˡ
ߺ˫һһǰ׾һģ
˫֮һ˿ŭ˵˵ǰĻҲͱЩǰˣ
˵ţ˫׾ȥ׾˲һƬ֮УƬ֮УҪõŮˡ
ǣû뵽Ů˲䣬ͱԼ޵ĳˣԼǿУվԼǰȻԼ
ķŭţеĻһȥ
ʵ֮У׾Ļȥֵҡ
˫һֻǹһͽͽѣȻҵĶӣҿ㣬ǻòͷˣ
˻ո˵ڣվҲվ˳ŸߺԸߺ
߳ͬʱǧǰһߣϵͷųһ˿һ˿Ƭضʼɫ䣬ЩԹڿпʼƮ
󣬺ңǶǲߣЩԹʹǸߺܹգҲֻʹա
Ҫ֪ԲʮԹСĿѾȫıһˣǣЩǿ
׵ЩԹһǽɢһ˿ߺоԼһ˿֮£ҡڲǱ֮еһҶۡ
ߺҪԼԱԼʱսҲҪһʱ֮ˡ
ǻǺ飬˵ĹĹȻûнȥǱͲˣȽȥˣ˵ţǸӰһš
ٶȿ쵽˼£ߺֻԷʲôĶûпԷѾ˽ȥ
ɶ񣬼Ӷ棬Ȼһˣˣ㣡˫һУ˵
ҪĿģεĻȪͼǾԲǵǰ
漴ӿ棬˲ȥ
Щ˶˽ȥߺҲٷϻˣԾȥ
ߺоԼٵ½棬ָֻԭţֻƮԹ֪ʵ淢˱仯
α仯Ǹߺߺڲ½֮УʼЩԹ档
Դ֪˰Ĵڣߺжĳɹ񣬾͸ӵĵˡ
ң۹ȻԷɳߣݣǵƾߺȷѳɹ
ԣߺʼе˲ע⣬֮еԹߺ֣ЩԹԼ֮еԹͬ
˵һЩԼ֮еԹֻҪֵĻжܲסͻɽʬ
ЩԹֻͬӰ˵ǣ˱ɽʬ
ƾһ˵͸ߺľͲԶңиûʲôûʲôɱ¾
еģֻǿҵԹ
֪ӭҵģʲôأߺ壬һſ֮еԹһߵ뵽
ȻЩԹûӴԼ֮еǿ󣬵ǣߺûзϾСԹԹ
Һãе˶ǽ񶼷۹ĹϣûעԼȻĻߺ¶ˡ
ڸߺܣһɹϸС磬ЩԹתŽ뵽ߺ֮С
ߺ߲ܣЩԹȽϵͼߺȽϵѸ٣һͱߺͬˣΪߺһ֣ߺҲһǿ


610 ʬҰ
ৡ
ߺˣ潵˶ʮӣԼ͵˵ײﲢһ㣬ֻʮֵĿһƬء
֮䶼źЩƻɫռ䣬γһ˿˿˿壬ܵʲôӵġ
ߺǰһո̤ȥ͸оЩԾ˳ޱȣȴְ͹ƽ
ߺ¿ȥֻԼĽ£һ񣬶УһӰƿֲɫ
˫һУǣոսͱˣ
ȥ֣ɺܶ࣬ɽʬʸûУֱӱ˱
߸ߺ۹ĹǰʱһǾطĺȻ½˺ܶ࣬ʧõز
Ǹʱ򣬽̽յ˺ܶ࣬и߶У߶С
ңǸʱĻȪͼϵı飬Ȼѹ˽ȥûôĺ֮£ԣһʱ䱻Ű
ǣһʱ֮طȻָֻڵһЩ֪ĵͼߣ֮󣬾˲㱻ӡ
ߺ˵ͷ飬軪˵ʱеĵһȪѹеĺͷų
ԻԼöȪۣ֮ǴǸʱ߳۹Ĺġ
ҲҿˣȻĻߺţڵԼûпߵֳɾΪ
һеһУȪ֮ǧ˿ƵĹϵ˵ǻȪɾڵĸߺ
ϣ㵽ʱָܹңܹ۹ƾеҵǺһչأߺ뵽
Ҫ֪ڵ۹ڲ֮УǳĴ󣬴ʮʿ̽˼ҵı֪ң˵ƻƣǽ˵֪İԵˡ
ܹΪܹͶԷԿΨһʵ۹Ҫܹ̫ˣǾ͹ˡ
ǰ֪ΣҪأߺ˫һУ˵ʵһͼǣߺôչ¶
Ϊڵͼһһɫıֱ߸ߺǱСô򵥵ġ
ӦʲôɫСǱȽҪİɡ
ôı¶ôǸߺԼɵӣôĹĶҲ׹ˡ
νҪΪֹ۹ԣǻǸǺɣ˵ˣ䣬һ˿ĸ顣
ߺĿһۣû˵ڲߵǰڵԼû˵Ȩ
˵ͷãҲΨһһ취ˣҵȽǿϵĻƬֺۣ֮ԣ黹ǽҰɣ
˵ţϿʼһ˿˿ϢЩϢһ˿һ㣬ڿвϵƮţ죬֮гȥ
Ŵңʼнߺվ棬ĸţڵȴᣬȴһǵĻᡣ
ȻѾ۹ĹôߺͲõҲ۹׶ˡ
Ϊ۹׶ػȪͼĵطֻеȥܵõȪͼ
Ҫ˵ƽ½ϣ۹Ĺ׶ⶼ飬ǣЩǿ˵ġ
ԣҪ巽ҲǷǳѵģǣԸߺȴûʲôѶȣЩڻȪ飬ͬͬԴУߺжܵʲôƣ
ߺĸǵǰ漱ٵķţߺаż˵۹ĹĽʬܶΪʲôȴ
һţߺһպ֮еͬʱһɢڿС
ףǾǸˣԴӽ֮ܵɽʬΧˣΪʲôһζûϹǽʬǾطƵģ֣
Ȼ˵ߺ⣬Լ
ԼҲ̫ˣֲЩʬأԼ֮еĺԹĺԹ֪߳˶ٱ
ЩʬЩԹ뺮ɵģڣԼڣܻأĸҹԼ
ʹǹҲᷢ˵ǸԼ£Լгݰɡ
Ȼڣߺ㲻պˣΪһʱ֮죬Լļƻɡ
ϼ֥飬ߺǴģߺԼ֮еϢջȥңúʼЩԹ븺ԼĿռ
һЩ֮󣬸ߺͿʼĵĵȴˡ
뷨ǷƽʱһΪߺˡ
ʬǺսĴڣǲϲޱȣʮֵǿ۹ĹĿɶһЩ佩
ǲǿ̹һĴڡ
ǿ󣬶һԶ̹ģԶ̹Ƿǳǿ
˶Ǳ֮ļһߺȴʮϣǰԼⲻǲʲô׻˵񾭲Ҳǲΰ
ߺոշӡסԼûжãͿʼ佩ΧˣЩ佩ȻǺӾǿȡ
мżģǣЩǺӾ佩ͷԼ֮УʱǾȫıࡣ
һʼʱЩ佩Ǻֻܶ࣬ߺ룬⼸佩Щء
ȻЩ佩ûеߺǰǧֻһִ֣ųֻ֣ͬͬԷ
ܵĺЩ֮ϵǿɢˣЩ佩ϣʼһӡǡ
ϵӡൽһֵزʱϾͿʼѷ죬Ȼ󣬸ո߳ûͿʼ̱ķѡ
ߺԷǿȵĺϲ£죬Щ佩ȻǺӾģǣǸߺǣֻ֮սĻߺֻ佩ѾӦӲϾˡ
Ҫ֪佩ɶǷǳǿģңǲ֪ʹûκεĸоǰ̫ˣԱɽʬ֮Ҳû˼άġ
ֻ˹ǵѪ
ԣ佩һʮֿµģǣߺٴοһӿµģǾǲߵʵ
ߺ˫һУʵĺĽνҪĿǳɾ֮ҽߣ֪᲻ǿһЩأ
漴һֻʮ佩ɢһص壬ߺЩΣЩ佩Ҳ̫ˣͶԼļƻûκεá
軪Ǹ׳ղƭҰɣ˵кܶ佩İߺš
ǣûܾ꣬Ϳʼ˻˷ɽҰǲ١
ߺ˫һڳ𣿡
𡭡
ţ˷ĺ棬ʼһӰ˫۶ѪɫģɢѪĹâ
ߺǶ緱ǵѪĿ⣺⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣ


611 ս
佩̫ˣ֮䣬еЩٵĽ뵽ǵ֮УƬռĺʧһ֡
£ߺеˣʲôΰһ޼ʵ佩˫۶ͨģֻ¶ڿ֮С
Щ佩ô˵ҲӦʮ򰡣ֱ̫ˣߺ˫֮һ˿⡣
λǰҺЩ佩սһǳȫң˵ţߺ֮һȥ
ҪǣȴֹסˣȻڱȽ죬ǣǲ֪ʵҪ˽ֻȫ˽һˣǴвŸӵİȫ
ŵĻҲǱȽͬģΪʦ˵Ķԣص̫ˣһһǲʲô£Ҫ֪¶ҪԴΪأ
ߺ˲ͳ佩Ⱥ֮Уʼɱ¾ֱһϽ׵ıʼϵĻеıǿģߺһȥǸԷһ˿˺
ǣЩ岻ǿģڸߺһ֮£ʼ룬ٴε˵һǽѡ
ǸߺǣǣȴڸлߺˣΪѾʧȥңѾʧȥˡ
ߺʵЩĿŵߣ
ҡҡͷֻߣǿģʵԼԪǣֵǣΪʲôʩչأ
ֻ뿪ǰѣǴֻ˳·ѣĿģȴûк˵Ȼ˵
Ȼ˵࣬ǣÿһ˵Ǿ䣬
ڸߺ˵Ļ˶˵ͷȷߺȻǾãǺǿ󣬶ңҲûʲô˼
ǣһ·ϣ飬Լ֪١
һ˺ܳʱĵԸߺ飬֪ķǳ١
ǲ֪ߺΪʲôѵֻΪ̽żΪʲôѡ۹Ĺ
Ҫ֪۹Ĺеż֮УȽ̽żˣңԷûнɽĵʯ
УסԼϢĲԼ˷֡
һеһж޷⣬οڸߺߣѲɸߺܴҵ
˸Ծˣǧ˵˰Ҫĺ棬Ҫʲô
һЦЦˣʦҪļƻǴ۹ǰһļƻҪư½ǾԲķ
ǧҲ˵ͷˣǱȥˣȻĻĺѿסԼ뷨ǻ̽һ°ķɣ
е˶˵ͷֻеĵĿһ۸ߺ
ߺһɱ¾佩һ߲ϵ̽飬֣Լ佩ıԵǺԶˣиӵķˡ
ߺϿʼɢһ˿˿ܵ佩һ㶣ȻԶԶ뿪ߺ·ߺǶʱըһ㣬˱֮
ЧߺǱȽģϾǶԼԼгݣǸߺߵѶˡ
ǣǧ˿ƵϢܹѰҵˣߺ;ľǱԷ֪Լϵܡ
֪Է᲻Լ⣬ȻûпţǣǲŰ
ңҪŽʦ壬͸ӵĸˡ
ߺΪУ֪ôģǣϾȹԼܶΡ
꣬ͲߺΪС
ǣǲ˵ĶԸߺ֣ȻĻߺԲֵġ
佩İΧ֮г֮󣬸ߺ㿪ʼտеĺûκεµˣߺôԷŹεĻᡣ
ߺѸٵں֮зţϣǣŵ˷Լϵܡ
оԼѾɳȥĹԶˣʼͣˣһǰõ۹ĵͼС
ЩԱ˵ãǣڸߺȴǿԼӳɵġ
ԭߺֻܹ̽ڣһʮ֮ǰһ롣
ܵĴžڸߺУܾʮˣȣ˼ˣԣߺ׵Ĵӵͼϣ⴦صڡ
϶һ򣬸ߺʼѸٵڰ֮зȥɢǿĺܵĺγһƬƬľ޴磬ߺ֮гȥ
ߺں֮УٶȲ֪˶٣ڹպԸߺΪмʲôˡ
Ϊ˼룬ȴ˸ߺΪǰ棬һӰͣǣ˫ۣʲô
ţǴδϺϢѲǸиߺҲˣߣ̫ˣҵȻôɱˣôܷŹأ
׾ܵߺĺȻεĸоȽǣĸܵˡ
֮Ȼһ·֮ڣ֪ôߡǣղűһʮִʬǵķ򱻴ˡ
Ǿȥ̽һ£ԭصȴ
̽һЩܵľͿ»صǵߣ˵һ飬Ͳȷˡ
ϾǶ۹ʮֵϤģ뵱ҲΪĲӣС

ǸߺߺţȻһϤǰ洫ߺһ˹עǰǸӰ¶һ˿Цݡ
ԭ׾Ҳ֪˵ĸߺ˭ǣҵʦǰںţѯһ°ߺȻЩǣȴƽޱȡ
ͲҪװˣǸߺǶʮö齻ҰɣһʹһЩ׾˫֮ɱ
ߺϿʼĨеаЦȻ֪ҵݣ㲻ô׵ķŹҰɣϾҵأǸˣа׾ǰɣ
Լ֣׾˲俪ʼ̲סˡ
ðܻ棬ߺпʼޱȣߡȻףĻ𣿡
ߺһ֮˫֮пʼɫˣһֻǺɫģһֻȴǰɫģԴԴϵɢ
޼Ͽʼðĺں֮Уһ˿˿ĻǶԷס
ߺȻñԼ֮еĻȫˡ
ã㻹еͣϧ桤һģ
׾ЦϿʼɫĻ棬ǻڸߺͷ֮ϣγһƬ졣
ߺ֪׵ϵĶܣǣƹ֮ޣܲ
Ͽʼ˻棬ǻںֱӽ뵽ߺ֮У뵽ߺС
ߺ㱣ǣ˲ָֻΣĻ棬Զ޷ȵҵĺ桤ֹ֮ˮ
ǸߺʱһУȻǿ󣬵Ҳûа취ˣԲ¶ԷԸԼꡣ
ΪڱǣԼȴûκεı


612 ƽʬ
ڸߺУһƬƬʼɢߺѾյûյƽˣԣߺܽ
ֻ棬·𲢲żȼκζֻ˿ʼʧȥңģͬʬһˣֻʣ壬û
һ˵ľһ˵˼룬ûǾĸɵûʲôˡ
ֽĻɽʬء
ҲҿߺĺȽǿ󣬶ңߺԴͻƵ۷֮ʵˡ
ڣߺоԼ꣬ҲԱ֮֮Ҳ˵ġ
ǴǺӾ벻߾ĴڣҪ磬Ҫꡣ
ҲΪʲôôǿԵʣΪѾһ˿ߵˡ
Լûκã׾ûż桤֮
˵꣬ǰһЩɫĻ濪ʼγɣγɰɫļ֧ƽ˵Ŀ֧Ļȫ𣬳Ϊһɵӡ
ߺԼ֮еİɫ㶨ˣԼ˫ۣԷǰɫļ֧¶һ˿Цݡ
㻹治˵ǣʹĻôҲԶǻѣ޵ı򣡡
˵ţߺ忪ʼϵзȥһ˿˿ĺʼתܴĺʼߺķۡ
ЩԼߣԸߺֱ̫֧ˡ
ߺЩ벻ĻںɣǺĵĻдĽʬɽҰֽ׶εĶС
Уа׶εģǵĵߺкȻһ
ԷרŶԸģǣҪ֪ʬûģѾʬˣֻԼ֮еıܡ
뵽⣬ߺ΢΢дһָĺɺ׾ȥ׾һ֣Щ׷ױ档
ԷʮֵǿģߺľȻΧ󣬴ԼзԲɣҲǶԷԼ򣬽뵽ˡ
Ҫ˵Ĵڣ˷ѽ⣬һ֣ǲߣһ֣ȴûдﵽ㹻ʸ
桤Ա⣡Է˲䱻סˣκһǺӾߣûа취ƿߺľԱ⡣
ǣԷȴЩͬϵĺʼһ˿˿ķ϶ѵĺۼӹȥܵĺ˲ͱȥ
ɴŰɫĹâûǵʲôأٴεı
ţص׾ȵ˵
ǣߺڶԷҪ֪ʹǺӾ۷ߣڱԱ֮󣬲־꣬˼룬ȫıᡣ
ڵĸԹб˼άǣȴͬԷ̫꣬ǿˣԼľԱȻûн֮ס
Ҳɣ˵ʵͲͬ
׾ԪۺһЩߺԪȶԷԪ߳ܶ౶׾׵ꡣ
ߺȻֻ۷꣬ǣ֮꣬Уǿ֮һĲ갡
꣬Ȼֻ۷壬ȴȫԺ⡣
˵ϣԷ򣬸ߺȴֻǶ򣬵ǣߺĶ֮пǺлȪ麮֮еԹ
һ㣬׾ûа취֮⣬Щȫں·
ͺñȰ仯ɵħ壬Ȼ䣬ǣȷ磬Աġ
ǿһزʱ֮еת䣬пħӵе
ڣϣֻҪһˣ֮ͻΪУ㲻ȥǣܹͻƳ죬ֻܽ뵽ǿĽ׶Ρ
˵Ҫﵽʮֵѵģ˵ǲܵǡ
ǣܺ͸ߺһһЩЩǣһΪ塣
Ҳħ壬ĵˡ

Сӣǿʵû뵽ȻӵпȰʵǣ鵽ΪֹˣȻɱ㣬ǣߣȴ㹻ɱ
׾֪ƾԼɱߺˣȻϣԼкܶûʩչ
ǣҲΪߺѾԼʵ¶Լǰˡ
ߺڣҲֻʩչ֮־ģżȫʩչ֮ĸ
Һãոͨ񣬸Լĸס
ڲ˵ɱߺ練Ƶ顣
˵һֻ֣ͿȫҪ˸ߺǳ֮ǰĿ꣬Ҳ峤´κ飬Ҫ£һжҪȪͼΪ
ߺӵкܶ飬ЩȪͼҪҪȪͼø
Ȼ˵Ȫͼ֮Щͻ»صͼߣǣЩȴġ
磬ʵǿߣüǿѹס
˵ܹȻûмܿƻȪ飬ǣӺ׾ĻУҴϵ׾ȷӣӵ
ΪĻȪͼɱߺǱȻ顣

׾ĻߺеȷһΪƾûӲߵߣǾûпܵġ
ߺӰһ׾Ҳ֪ߺһߣһֱڹעŸߺ㣬ֹߺߡ
ǣ빥ʱһ˵ǰЩʬȻȫԸߺˣǷ·ڳԼߡ
ԼˣߺϱǿĺȻ׾ָȥ
ЩʬȻվȻԼĹӷǳķ񣬾ںԼߡ
׾һ˲ͱǧ佩ΧסˣңɽҰ佩ڲϵڵǸٵߡ
ߺ·ʩչĴ󽫣ǾԷʿϵ׾
ǿı۰򣬻ѾĴϣûһ˿ۼǣܵ
ǻǶ׾˺ҧǶ׾лӱۡ
׾ѾʧֶԴߺǿˣߺ΢΢𣺡һЩ佩ʢɣҪˣ
ߺתˣڿпٵķţҪ뿪⣬ٵ뿪⣬ҪΪսƷ
һ·ϣߺûʲôΣգվһɫľ޴ǳصǰǳصΧǽȸߺеΧǽҪߴ
ǰɵĸ߶ȣߺиоԼС
ڳǰ棬дż֣ùдģߺʶǣ
ǣȪͼͷ֮𣿲˵ӦǷĹΪʲôҿһǳأߺһ߸ΰһɻ뵽
ߺţֻʬܣŸߺϵĺ׷׶Ըߺݡ


613 ۹׶
Сѡһɺãߺоʱһĵط˹ߺ̧ͷȥ
һɫףһĨϤɫϤϢܵǹϢߺ֪˭ˡ
ԭǰܹӦңңߺ˵
ǸӰ軪Ǵߺˣң֣յʦ
ߺʶԼ軪Ȼʮֵĸˣ˲Ϣ˸ߺԣߺ֪Էγֵġ
ҵһ־ķԶ־飬Ȼʮֵˣ軪Ц
ߺϸĴһ軪Ȼʱ軪ģǣʱȣȴһ졣
˵ɣ軪־ûһȴǴһЩʬȣԵþ˺ܶࡣ
ٲôĳªһЩСɿɰ
û뵽뵱軪ڵģȴǱȷÿˣҲˣߺ¹ۿ軪˵
ڵĸߺ軪ȴûЩߵľʮֵ⡣
軪Ҳûߺ⣬Ц汻ʮ꣬ʮ갡ˣʹ죬ףСѵΪĺܿ찡
˸ߺΪʱȴֵĲ졣Ͼ飬֪ĺֲϲĽʬ˵ʱ䣬ѾΪõĶˡ
ǺȴǣʱԽãǵļƫƫԽӵ̣ȴʱ䣬һݳ޵뷨
ԣڸߺЩ꣬ͿԽԼΪô죬оǳĲ졣
뵱ǸʱǿţģҪӻ澳磬뵽Ǻ۷ľ磬ûʮǲܵġ
ߺǸ׶Σ뵽׶Σȴֻʮصʱ䡣
ٶȣ˷˼ȴӸϣߺĲƽܸϣ
֪Ѿȴܳʱˣȥһ°ɣ軪һ߶ԸߺĽٶ֮죬棬һ˵
ߺĵ˵ͷ۹ľУܹҲʲô۲ŴԵ
軪пڸߺĽҲڸߺ̬ȡ
Ҫ֪ƽǺӾ۷ߣʹ۷壬ߣ˵ңɼġ
ƫƫߺԼȴԵʮֵ򶨣·ûΪ飬еκεĿ뼤
㡭⼸ı仯ܴ󰡣һߴŸߺУһߵ˵
ߺعͷĿһۣ˻ν⣿
Լ뷨˸ߺߺȴֻǿЦ⼸ԼļʶԶܹġ
ͱ˵׵λʦˣˣλʦ֣ûκȵĿԡ
˲ķʣЩ޷ĴڣԼѪĻҪԼ
ڵ֮У仯ħİߣȹԼУİǧ
ڱѵһĲߣԼͷ·Ǽҳһ㣬ôЩԼÿһ궼ƽһ
ôܹ׻ʲô˼أ
Ȼǿ󣬵ǿҲǱȲϳ𣿶ԼǼȣƽɫ˫ɯˡ
ȻֻǷǣǷǿߺоϢ
۹׶ʮֵأǴɫ㣬֮жɢһɫ
еĽ񣬻̾Ϊֹߺ۹ϿշУоԼƼһ㣬ɵø̾
ҲǵһЦȻ۹׶һУ̺Ҵ˵ˣһĲߣԽС
Ѳһ󷨣ߺʵ
ֹ󷨣֯ɵɱ溬֮УֻҪʵǿ󣬻߲˴죬ǲߣһ֮УǾȫ𣡡
˵֮ɢĹâ
һ·ߣߵм䣬׶м䣬ߺڿǸνĽĹأ۹ķĹ
ǸߺУԷ֣˵ԷķĹСǷǳľ޴󣬵ǣ۹ĹܣɸߴΰΧǽΧŵġ
ټ۹׶ȥģңЩɫ˸о֮ãԣͺѷ֡
ص۹ķĹߴɣΧǽĸ߶ȻͬˣԲռǶңһԲεģңĹǳɫġ
ɫķĹϣ̻Ÿ·Щ·̺ŲͬߺǷĹ֮󣬲ŷ֣濴ĳʵķĹǲͬġ
ɫľ޴Ĺɵʱøߺˣ˵۹Ļʹ
ԭߺǺţΪ۹ĻʹҲ湻µģ˵ͬһһ
۹ʱҲ̫ƶ˰ɣǣһ֮ڵʱ򣬶һڵߵģľͲˡ
ǷĹڸߺǰȻ󣬴ԭĲɵռޱ޼ʣߺҪӦһ£ϧܵɫŨȴڵֵԼ֮
ɫŨԼ֮ѹΧԲ׵ĵطߺţʹԼҪʩչ򣬶ʩչ
ʹʩչҲյܴѹƣпʵˮ
֪Ĺж𣿡ûżߺȥǵĶԸߺ˵
ߺܳʵҡҡͷʾԼ֪
һЦ۹ĻʹռǷԲ۹׶ҲֻǷԲǧ
ߺ˵ͷ۹ռߺϾոմ˼ҵĴſڷɵ׶᲻
øߺǣԷȻԼķĹô󣬾Ȼռǳصʮ֮һ
֨ѽѽڸߺǰķĹ֮УȻһڣǷĹ濪ġ
ԭ£λڵȴأǶڵλãȻ߳һ佩
øߺľǣԷȻҲǲ߾ߡ
Ҳ˵һŵĶǲ߾ߣҲ̫Щ˼˰ɣҪģûн೤ϡ
ߺɻı飬ɵÿЦںܶ飬ˣȥɣģ
ߺĵ˵ͷֱ۹˲˼ı仯ԲԼģΪͳߵ
ߺһ·ߣԼʮӹȥˣڵ֮ͨУǰһ˿˿ߺİں⡣


614 
ߺһ˿⣬ȻиܵϤĸоּǰߣвϵ󣺡ɣѲɾǻȪͼˣ̫ˣ
ɣȻôõ飬ɣɡߺּ飬ߵ·̵ľͷ
в߶ģǵǰʱ˶ˣų죬Ĳᰡֺ£Ĳ䵽ҵϣ
ǰ棬ߺĸоǻȪ亮ǱǸϺܶ౶ôڡ
ߺߵȥǰĳչڸߺǰһǳ޴Ĵ״ǰԲεģܵǽϣŲ㺮ҲΪЩߺſĺ⡣
ԼаɵĴС׵λϣһòͨˣɫۡ
ҲɫΣ棬ܶ˶Ųͬӣߡ
⡭ߺһ£ƣĳЩɽ֮еĳľͷһ㡣
ʱһӰ׳Ĵ󺺺ȻԱߵվ߾
СӼλҵģûжߺ˵һæʶ˵
ߺһ仰˷Щסˣ㵵ĵ˵ͷԭǡ°ɣ
ڸߺԱߵڶˣһոһȷˣǸߺȻ˵ţƺλϡ
ǣԷľȻҲɵɵĽˣңôˣ֪ˣոպë

ҲоʮֵΣţˣѣ벻ҪΪһ̸
һԱǼһﵹǷӦˣİ𣺡԰ǲˣƾɶ˵ˡ
ߺɦɦͷңûа룬Ҹոֻ˵ûǮƣиλҵģû˵˰
ŶҲԣǸһ룬ˡ
ǰһˣô׳յˣȻǲ߾磬ǲҪߺͷ˶ˣȻĻҶû档
ˣλǱǸߺΪ˫ܣֱԸߺˣԼ˶ˡ
ߺȴôģòôһ⣬ߺôܾô򵥷Ź
磬һһˣڲͬĴˣߺʼԱĿޡ
ߺĻǴЦϲЦտǣǶԸߺ̾
ߺҲЦǺǵС˵˵ɵһֲǻᴫȾģ
֮ҲǣǵȷһֲҾ͵ùںˣ
е϶ð亹⡭ⲻǺõļɣӦǻûأ
ˣߺ˴ǰΪŪѲɾûбʲôɸˣȥˣ˵
˵£ߺҲɫһ¯̣ɵ찡
ߺĻЩ˶ŭˣ˵ɫȥСӣ˵仰ʲô˼
Ψոոߺޡı˵һ䣺˵Ķ԰ܳʱˣˣ仰˵ҵȥˣ
еˡ
ţɵ㶵ĿűʶôˣȻкڵĸоˣ

ֻⲢûбֶ೤ʱ䣬Ͼߺ˼һ٣е˶Ըߺ̬ȱʾ
ĿǻȪͼ̬ȼȥûʲô̸ıҪˣһ˽еȴ򿪣˵
ߺǵһЦ˿⣺λԶ۹Ŷ۹ȥ𣿡
е˲۷׷׵˵ˣߺ˵ȱҵģҲôΪܺߣ뾡ѣһôһһǵļıأ
Сӣô˵ҲǰҲӦõİɣ棬Ҳ֪ԼڸߺԼεģˡ
ǸߺֵСµˣҲˣԼ˵жյ벻Чǣߺƫƫ
ӸոոŪ˼ֱǵ졣
Ҫ˵ŪҲˣȴһ٣Ǹ¯̣ɵ죬˵ǵġ
ңǳĴ
ߺһЦ˵ǻڼƽЩĻ벻ԶԺǾͻΪ۹ūˡ
ʲô˼۹֣ǲβ͵èһȻˡ
ߺһЦ۹飬ȫǵĴ㣬ߺȻ֪ǣȴܹ³һ
ⵢһʱ䣬ͻ۹Ļᣡߺ˵֮󣬵˵
ǲôżֻƾ۹۹ĳ˵룬ǳΪǵŬ֤
ߺ˵֮󣬾ȻôǣܵĺԼΪ
е˶ˣȻҲ˵ˣࡣ
СѣȴӦһ飬Ǿͻ̴ȥȪͼ֮˵
ߺ֮Ҳվʲô飬˵ˣ
ֻҪ㷢ģȪͼ֮󣬻ɣǱӦ㣡Ŀ
ߺֻ΢˼һ±ӦˣҪ˵ҵȪͼߺûôġ
У飬ԼǵӦ軪ֻгŵѡ
СӣҪ԰ǸһΣԱ˵
ˣϻˣȻŭʱȣ
ĻȻе˶˵ˣֱֱĿŸߺ
ߺ£˵Ҹߺ췢ģȡûȪͼ֮󣬲ɣҸߺɣΪȫʧӴ˲ٴϰ䣡
е˶˵ͷԶһ˵ȷǺҪġ
ߺվܸˡʲô
û˵꣬ͺȻԼڷɣץ
ԣո
ʱȣǲڵȴˣ֪۹ˣ۹ǽˣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ߺĻ֮ҡҡͷ⣬벻ҪңĲ֪
ҵ۹ʵѾԸЩʬˣЩӵ۹Ľʬ
ͣߺˣԭ۹Ĺֻ۹ĽʬǷɱ
кܴһ֣ӵ۹ˣǵ࣬ΪĲѾ۹һҶˡ
ԣԷԽԽ࣬۹ܵܶ˵ıѡ
ǲǶˣֻܽ۹ŸĵһЩ۹ѹˣ޵ˣ۹
Ȼ۹ԣ۹ˡ


615 
ߺȻĵ˵ͷʾԼˣǵ˼뻹ģûؾɣҿʼЩˣ
Ϊһ۹ߣܹô׵ķݣܶƽƽҪ֪ѵģǶһƵĵ۹
˵СӣҪסʲô飬ֻҪΪ棬ǿίȫģΪҪˣ
ߺҡҡͷȴôΪΪ˵һƽƽģôٳʱ䣬ûġһҵģΪԼܶôʹһӣҲú壡
ĿŸߺۣǵЩ찡ˡ
Ϊ޹飬̬⣬ʹ˥ֻҪ̬ģҲԶġ
һ·ϣߺԼܶ۶
ھãߺССͻƵ磬ȫȻʹȻˣһЩۣԼδš
һЩۣԼķڷҪ֪Լǲߣô˵Ҳȸߺ࣬ǣߺ̸ۣȴ׵ĽΪ飬׵Ʒˡ
Լ˵һߺ෴ƷѾЩˡ
ˣʲ˵ˣǿ쵽ˣȻ˵ˣǰһرķĹ
ĺ󱳣ʮ߾ĽʬǶ׷׵ͣڸߺ˵ĺ棬ǰķĹ
ԴӰ֮ǰȪͼڲܵǵѹˣǾͽ֮ӡطˣ
ĿǰķĹпǧЩ˵֪ܲܳ׵Ŀ֮ʧ磬ЩߺޣԼӼ֮ؽˣ
ߺ⣬ȴһ˵ʲô֮أǲмرʨ
ߺĻһ£رʨô֪ģƬ½ļм䣬Ǹޱ߼ʵĴ󺣣߲ܹȥĶҲԹ㵽ô֪ģ
ߺû˵ڶ춼˲֮УǸرʨ˵Ļ
ңһҪΪгɵʱȥһμ֮أߺ˫һУȪΪʥĻ뼫رʨĻͬ
Ļ֤ʵˣǸرʨû˵ѣߺоԼʵǿ֮εļ֮Ǳˡ
оȪͼܣȴڼ֮ء
ߺֻų˼ȴûлشԼĻҲûŭڸߺһˣһжôء
ǺþûˣʱһȻӰ
ߺæ̧ͷ
˫֮бߺ޵޾ĺ֮ɢȥܱɫϢΧš
ЩɫϢͬһ䣬УоܵΣԼ޾Ŀռ䡣
ߺ˵СѣûмҵУֻҪеĶͻ᳹׵ʧ򣬶ңոյļȫûˣЩжҪȥķոȫͬڸһ϶ֻ֮һʱ䣬ʱҪպˣ
֮һʱ䣬ȷѣǣҲǶԱ˵Ըߺȷʵ
ߺѾɹռˣԽж̾˲ƶ
ƾŸոոߺǸĹصľ룬Լͬһʱƶȥû⡣
ɫܵһ𶼰ΧУߺƶȻܵɢȥˣ
ȴ̱ڵˣĺ󱳣һ˿Ѫ
ΪʲôҪôʹվһɫ˿ڵλת˿ڱָˡ
ֵģǸ׳ձ
ΪɵֻװĶѣҪǲעңҾͿԺ۹ϵˣߺϢ͸ˣ
˫峺мĶ˵ƾǣ۹սԲ
ǼϸΪʲôҪôʹˣǱ׾ռģڳΪĽΪʲô
ܶ˵Ĳ߲ˣǶڱģڱҲ֪һ
ԣǶԱȷûлɹһ˿һûȴǼϸ
ӣʲôֻҪҳȥ֮󣬳Ϊ۹ĻţŮˣҪٱҪٵģЦ
ߺ˵ԭΪǴأԭǴޣ
СӣҲֻܳʿ֮ˣһʱ򣬾Ͳô˵ˣЦ
ߺεҡҡͷм飬û˵
˵ʲôû˵ıҪˣΪˣʱܿʼĳһӰе׾С
ߺ΢΢һĨϤаЦϣð°ܽ
ڲ˵׾Ƴ˸ߺһۣΪƫƫԴұȽвı
׾ûС˵ǵĶ˵㽫еԿóɣû뵽Ȼ۹ҵŲˣҲȫŪĹ
ԭǽԿùĹȴû뵽Կ׸Ͳ·š
ߺһ£ȻǷĹ֮Ͽȥ֣ȻһɫС
棬һնǸն֮УȴʲôûС
۹ҲӵлߣĲϣô״򿪣Ҿˣ
ĹЦа˵ĲߵӰмһʹЩôҸұ֤ȥ
ߺȴ¶һ˿аЦԭٺ١
׳գЦʲô׾ܸ˸ߺȻǿߺ˳ۣߺɵЦȻŭˡ
εĶԸߺһЦǶԲˣԭз򿪣ûԿ׵֮£žͲرգƾôߣĶһǵģΪ˴ңҾˡֵǡһһ
á
˵˶ʼ棬ǽŰΧסҲҪ޳ܣҪͽɱ
ƾǣ桤׺ȣҲʲôӣȻȫʼ졣
һȦȦбǼΪǿܶˣռ䶼ʼˡ
ߺоԼĶкɫѪȻһ죬һƬֻܸܵԷԼ֮ϲ
ͬһУԼϻ˺ۣѪʼϵӿ
ҵĶ䣬Ȼˡߺ˫˲ˣо綼ʧȥɫ
ֱ̫ǿˣߺĶĤȻһʼͱˣȥ
׾ȴǱȽˣк߽ܶΧ


616 Ȫͼ
ߺһ˵ĿⶼЩߵϣûжעԼȻ׾׾⡣
ΪʹǿЩսҲ˿ôûС
ߺ΢΢һ̣ᣬߣ
Ӱһ˸ԭʧתǸĹԱߣһһɫıС
ãϵǸСһԿףһֱעӸߺ׾˸ߺеԿ׾Ϳʼȵ
һʲôԿףСӣȥ
һɫĻ˲пʼɣߺȥٶȿ쵽˼£ߺӦûӦǻ͵˸ߺǰ
Сӣ㵲סǣĵĽ֮˻ǳȻǻҵĶ֣һӸߺǰ
һɫ̣ڸߺǰϵı仯״ǰɫĻУȻͬʯһ㣬ûзһһ˿
лˡߺ΢΢еǱɫıѸٵĲеһնһСǺȻ֡
ߺȥǸ̾͹رˡ
ɫһŤӰ첻ңԭСӾȻǸһļ̳ˣ
ߣʹȥʲôãΪͼԴȪ֮ԴȪ֮۶û棬Ҿţ߶ûУʲôã
ȴģЦ
ʱ軪ЦһҵϢУлȪۣ֮
ʲôϢˣ࣬裺˵лȪۣ֮ͱ֮ԴͬȼĴڡ
軪˵ͷǿϧأ
Ҳ˫һСӣصĹģҶˣǴΪԿɢڱĴ½۹оȹһСһأ
ɶ񡭡Ƕķȥ鿪ǵϣЩѹֲסеķŭˡ
ڿкУһȭȥɫĻ˸ܶһƬ𺣣ܵĶ׷ȼ
ǣȴǷŵ棬ʹǽһƬˮȫҲ֡
ȴǻȪͼڵĵطԣĺʼطʼ˲ͽΧסˡ
ŭ֮аûв˵µķŭѾûˣôһȭͷȥ
΢΢һЦ֮еɫһӿͽ˶Էһȭ
һȭϣֻһĲͽжˣȻ˳һȭڰ档

ɿ浹ɶȥ°˲һҲ
ףףȥȫǵĴ󲮸еߣһҪɱСӣ
ݵ˵Ҫ겻ǾԶҪˣɱлɣ
ʲô飬ȻôݵľģԼĶɱлﰡʱ򣬸Ǻ˳ˡ
ǿʱ򣬾Ȼ׷񣺡µȲμǰδûݷãǰҪ֣
⼸˵ǡϤ˭ʶ𣿡
е˶εĻ࿴һۣЦôȥˣǰô̹ʣСʱ򿴵ûһ˿һ
󣬼˱ݣż𣺡ŶԭԱߵСһﰡôûˣڴǺ۷𣿡
ڣǲôʶȴʦǧ˿ƵĹϵ
˵һμȼյ¡
ʱţ˫ɯȨ֮ĵ֡
ɵ˵ݼǰŵĵӣ
ĵ˵ͷǵȻɣڣҪ۹߹úõˣ

ߺ뵽֮󣬷Ŀռ䲢Ǻܴ󣬶ңžȻͬǴεĵһ㣬ϵĹرա
һǳͨȣǸߺռ壬Ҫܺ治ϹرյĲͨĲʲô򵥵ء
ֻһߺ͵˾ͷԣȻøߺһ˿ĸо
һʯ̨֮ϣһڸߺǰ
ܣֻԲʮףռ䶼űĺߺУˮĺ֮еΪҲǿٵ
ĺͨĻȪ鶼Ҫ䣬ߺߵȪͼǰޱȵļ
ҪõȪͼ֮Լʵ죬ԼĿûȪͼˡ
Ȫͼףףͼм䣬һߣĽͼ롣
棬ɫıڵĵطڵı棬һĴڣʹĺš
ĿŸߺУֲܹˣȻá
ֻϧһжߺͽ͵ģΪߺڸ
Ƿͼ棬ǻɫıڵĵطÿһű鶼һǣԹ棬Ʈ
ߺϸһ£ʣıȻһȻһٶöĴڡ
ǸͼΣһָߺ֪ƤɵģƤʮֵļͣٸߺԼ֮ܽ׵ѵ
ңƤ֮ϣȻ˿˿ĺߺ֪ǻȪԵʣǷͼԵʡ
һٶö飬ҳԵ˲٣ô˵۹еı飬ͲˣڵҪʵ֪Ȫͼܽҵʵʲôز
ߺһ£ҿҺ񣬲֪ôȫĺѲҪͬЩһĺúеĻȪͼյ𣿡
侲ϸ룺룬ţ۹ΪʲôһҪռЩȪأԭֻһǾͼãھԣ
һǸߺıԣ۳һööı飬εı鲻ֻǻɫˣɫġ
ͬһȻֱĺȫںϵһģǣûȫںϡ
ߺɫ꣬Ǳ˴֮໥ģߺҲһȻ棬ҲǻమǸġ
ͬͼϵһ»Ȫһϣһ£Ͳô׾Ϳںһġ
ԣҪ뽫߷ֿʼȽ׵ġ
һööȪڸߺУɫı飬ڻȪλϣɫı飬ǰڱλϡ
λãߺĻȪ飬ȴòȥǾǻȪԴͷһλãһλá
ڻȪ֮֮ԴλãֱͿԱġ
ģߺֵĿȱಹˣЩûеĻȪ飬ߺһһˡ
ߺ֪֮УһλȪͼ
õȻԭϣǣԭȴӵǿΪ۵ĺԭı飬Ҫǿ


617 ĻȪͼ
Ͳˣߺ˵˽һۣڽŻȪͼƴˡ
ĿǻȪͼߺоԼż𺳣Ĵڡ
ÿһöı飬Ȫͼ֮ϵʱ򣬾ͻȫķ仯ûаʱöûκεı仯ֻһö̺ŴԹı顣
ǣÿΰʱ򣬾ͻͼĳ֮£˲䷢仯ϵı飬ÿһöɢ̹⣬һε꣬Ŀڱ֮ζ
ǱһССһ㣬֮档
»Ȫλãÿεʱ򣬶ֳһ߾ĻԾŵĳ棬·겻ƶһ㡣
һĳţ˸оϢ
ǻȪͼ𣿿Ȼģǣûʲô˾İߺĬĬ߶
ȻоԼؿĽָУöȪ֮ɢһĲ
ؿλõĻȪۣ֮սİоԼĽָ֮УǱ֮ԴҲɢѰĲ
ʲôٻǣֻſռָԣʱĽ֮ѹסǣĸоöռָѾѹƲסԷˡ
·𣬱֮ԴܿƳռָҪȥĵط
ָоߺͬҲܵˣĿռָΪȶĿʼߺ֪棬ҪģȪ֮ۺͱ֮Դˡ
Ȫ֮ѾˣУһȪͳڸߺϣǣûеȵߺȪ֮۰ʱǻȪ֮۾ͿʼԼУٵλϡ
ȪԴͷһ޴Ŀȱȱһ飬Ȫ·û˸еһ㣬Զŵġ
Ȫ֮۽İ棬Ȫ鵽ͬʱ»ȪǱɫĹΰΧĺ淺Ȫ·𶼻˹һ㡣
Щõ壬ҲڲپһööĻȪ飬ǸߺԼ۳ĻȪ顣
ÿһöȪ鶼·һˮееĻȪһĻȪ

սսϣеöָȻˣռָѣټģ˵۹֮ԴĿռָҲʲôͨɫ
ռָը֮Ƭռ䶼̮һ飬һĨɫĹ⣬ɢǿҵĺ⣬з˳
û֮Դֵʱе佩ű֮Դȥ
ˣУܺȫʼеһжС
£ʼϷȻʼƯŵģǻǻ˺ҧǶеԵĮţеɱݺᡭ
ǣ֮ԴùǧȻ˫һһ˱֮ԴԱߣȻ־֮Դץȥ
֮ԴһıͽֶסˣҿʵȽǿҲʲôĻȪͼԣûн佩
ֻȫ˶ѣԪһЩͱ׷ˡ
ɶⶫĺǿ󰡣ұϵı죬̹ˣϵıأ
˵ţű֮ԴȥһǧɵӰӿиֳǿһ·ϵĿռ׷׻顣
Щ׷·˶ĿתĿִںӵ
顭
ڱ֮ԴϣҲɢǿҵĺЩ֮ϵĹ»Ӱȫ֮ԴԱߣһ޴ͷ
ǸͷߴɣȻǧɴСȣС˺ܶ࣬ǣȴ޷ġ
ͷ¸µڿЦţɢǿҵĺȵٶȶˣǧɳ̵ȣ·һѿ񷡣
ֻϧûв񷣬ǣƵȣǸͷԾǸ죬һҧȥ
ķ֣ԼǸһ֣Էһ֡
ͷϵĶǧɴЦȽ˺ҧƬƬǸϱ˺
ãʶʲôǸͷȻڱڲϿʳĹ֮У
ɶҵ桤һ죡æתԼһȴ˦ȥ
һ׵ӰҲ˦ȥȻûиոյˣǣȴǽǸͷԭˡ
ϵĴ˷Ǹͷ漷ѹȥƶֺ
䡭
ñһȺݺݵĻУͷʼƬƬ飬
ͷȻֻʣһӣǸͷȻ˫һ䣬ڴЦֹǱߺ޵Ŀ⡣
ǼµķŭԹɵģڽʲôʱߺĻȪ֮۲ûа档
ûķߺĻȪ֮۾͵档
綼ʼǻȪͼԵʣǿǸͷûйǸͷȻԼô
ڵϹݵЩ佩׷վԼ壬ߺ޵ĿȥһתЩ佩ȥ˲֮ԴԱߣ־ץȥ
ֻ벻鷢ˣغȻ鲼ɫĺЩͬһ޴Ȫˮһ㡣
նʼݱɫԭİãã˱ɫ
һЩ۹£ˣһѣԶ޷ĥʹ
ǣȪͼǻȪͼָֻ۷ʵ૵˵
Ѿ׶ԻȪͼʧȥ˷ԻȪͼиеĿ־塣
һٵĵ۹һ˲ͱˡ
һ£ֻһ£Ǳ֮Դͳʧǰ
ԣȪͼģҵһЩ飬СӾԲ֮ܽŪģȻӦ
ȻЩֻǻѣΪĵûʲôӦҲûб佩Ҳûбɱ
ϧǷӦʱΪʱˣû֮ԴѾǷĹϿգȻݺݵȥ
ȥʱ򣬰ڲٸö֮Դˡ
ǸǶ޲ߵķĹö֮Դײ֮£ȻĳһȻ󣬱֮ԴѸٵķ˽ȥ
ոշɽȥ䵽ǱԴȪ䵽档
ٴһƬӿֻκӿֻڷĹΧγɵģ׵ĽĹС
Ȫͼγ𣿡ϤϢЩ佩սˣֻǾΧǷĹܣһһ㡣

ߺôŻȪͼͷ֣Ȼһ죬Ȼ޾ı⡣
عȪͼȥʱڷеĲͬ
ǻȪͼˣûһ˿ȱ٣֮Դɢ̹⣬ĹҲڲپڱ֮ˡ
ڱ֮ϵƮǵʮֵĿֲγһƬƬͬɫƲһ״


618 ߵĵ
ǻȪͼϣߺ۵ı飬Ȼʼͣ˸ǱϾڸߺĺ
ЩͣͬܵĺͼʼһһƵĺʼͣڿƯ
Ų֪޵Ƥʼɺˡ
Ȼ䣬ŻȪͼߺ뵽ߺ֮Уɫĺɫĺʼϵڸߺ֮вϵߡ
󣬽뵽ߺĻ꺣֮УڸߺĻ꺣֮пʼΣĺԸߺ˵û˿á
ߺ˻Ȫ֮۵ĺһ˲ٵĻȪ飬ڱ֮ԴߺȻûչԷĺ
ǣߺչĺԣЩԸߺҲͲʲô
øߺӵģƤԴӱȪɺ֮󣬸ߺڿ˺ͼϻĶ
ǻȪҲǱ䣬ǡһǳֵͼΡ
䣬ǣһĨɫһĨɫ߼ʹ໥ģҲǻڵĹϵ
ǷڣӦúϤΪǸ״
ͼ֮󣬸ߺƺʲôƺʲôס
Լڰɫ꣬ȻֿɫĺȻЦԭˣشΨһѣʲôȫģֻͬͬԴȻһʼܹһΪʲôڲأ
˵֮󣬸ߺȻ۾֮Ϣʼ棬еĿռؿʼüȶ
һһףɫʼ鲼磬һǺڵģǰ׵ģһǰ׵ģط˺ڵġ
ڸߺĻ꺣֮УɫɺҲķ˱仯ɫĺʼɫ֮н
ɫĺɫ֮룬ļӳ֣ߺ꣬ʼֻǴ״ѩ״ʼתΪѩ
ڻϣʼܶķ֧ϣе·Щ·ź

ǣ࣡еĶˣ񣬲һ˾ܸıʲôģΪҪشͻơ
ңԷǺһһɫȻ֮Բᷢ
ͻ֮۹Ĺ棬Ҫͻƣǧ૵߶
˭ĸҪͻƣҲĿˣȻ۾
ǣеһϢָǸĹ֮С
ǸߺҪͻƣȻЦ軪ѡ˹Ȼʮ꣬Ѿˣ
ҲôľȣҪ֪֮ĲߣһǧģٵĶûС
Ͼûôĵ̣ǣߺƾŻȪͼΪ̣Ȼɾ˹ߡ
Ȼֻпܣǣܹ˸ˡ
ܣûдﵽôͻƲأһ׾Ȼŭ

ߺûʲô˼ǣڼɺأڹ֮Уߺͻףǣûͣ£ǿٵš
ΪҲڽ뵽İֽ׶ΣߺûиӦ֮üСˡ
·ǿеĿ֮ΪԼãԼ֮ڣܹڣǴڣǾͻ
ǾԵ֤֮ѾӽΥʱյ֮ĵزˡ
׵ĲٿЩ֮ΪЩ֮Ͳ֮Ķ֣Ҫ֮εá
ǰľ𣿡ߺ˫۵Įǣһ˿΢Цȴеϲ¶ˡ
ǲҴ⣬ΪʲôܹĸоԼ֮еɫûг׵ΪԼá
̺ŻȪ֮֮Դĺ֮ǿԶԶߺȵĺԼ֮Ű
˼ԣ߾գߣͬھ
ȻɺߺûиеûаֵĲյĸоǣԷȣһ˵
ͺñȳԷƵģû˺ȻǴúôܹ˲ǣǳԶˣǾǳţ
ߺҪģǾĽ֮ˣоԼҪˣٶܽ뵽ߵľ硣
Ҳ۷壬һԼͿȥ򣬽ԼĶ
һ˿˿ɿ뵽ߺ֮УǣǱߵƤߺûзŹĵо
оƤĶԼҪģңûκĶ
棬̺Ÿشһ˿˿ĵͺԣǾʾ֮
ߺĻ꺣֮У˳ĺģһ˿˿ĸ򣬽뵽ߺĻ꺣֮УЩ
˵ԶûЩ̣ǴƬ֮ĵڲߵĿУЩ
ڸߺȪͼʱȴ˾춯صĴ¡

˭˭ͻƣһɫӰڿУͬһ㣬ܿȥ·ӲԼĳ
Ӱҧгݣãڿˣҵܳʱˣʮˣʮˣǰ͵ģ
ǸӰǳɨһܣϢᰡңôҸоᷳˣɣЩ㣡
˵ţϣȻʼͷųϢϢȻܵĺϢȫڻɾˡ
Ц̫ˣϷ¼ӣȵĻҲᷢչز
ʲôزʲô鶼ҵ֮Уκˣҵľʵ֮£ܴҵзȥģһЦ
ԭڵĳѾôˣһҪĿԴأһĵ֣·һжů
ǵǰһţţŽ򿪣߳һ˫ļˡ
òǣôʥַýĻǡŮ񰡡
˫ɯû뵽ȻҲˣСأڣɫٰ˵
ȴƵģҪ˵ķչѾˣŲء
ո˵ĻҲͲᵽزˡ
ǣǳһֱһһˣҲ֮ģжķա
Ҳɣˣôʱ˶ܵĿӱΪĲ֪𣿡˵
ŵĺ棬ٴ߳һˣǸߺĻһһΪˣʶ
֮УǸƹݵϰ壬ҲǸ̵ĴߡСӡ
ɿݵģøɲƴɵһ㣬ǣе˶ĶСһ
ҵȣݼǰеͬ
ߵĵ


619 ߵս
û뵽СӻأСֵľȣĿģܲ˵
Ҳǹһ񣺡ǰ
˰֣ʲôǰǰģֻһϽľͷӶѣûʲôǰĳƺ
ɫҪ˵棬ɵģСӣΪ֮ϡ
˵ǻֻǰʱѾ쵱ˡ
ߵȽ֮ǵ޵ٻ꣬СӣȴѾʮˡ
ǣҲֻʮĲߡ
Ҳ˵Ϊʲôߣв𾳽˵Ϊˡ
ȻԷһֱûչֳʲôǣ˭ֻ֪С˵ģж١
Ѿ۷壬ֻһûа취Ϊ߶ѡ

СӣĲҵһ治ôţڵ㣬ҵĶ֣ҲգǾͿĵһߣǣ
˫һӾҪ֡
ںս۸㣬ߣ߻к˫ɯСѾͷأ㲻ǵĶ֣ҡҡͷܾ˳ս
ֻǵһЦ⣬ɲһ˭࣬˭٣δ֪أ
ռ俪ʼһӰȻڳԱߣܣߺôˣҲһǻأ
˫ɯĿתĿ⣺ս񷣬Ҳˮ𣿡
սǲǿߣԵĿһۺ˫ɯȻôˣôֻҪҽҾͼһΣ
ȿȿȡϣõ˵ģɲֹֻսһ˶ѣҪûٰʱ򣬿ռٴ𶯡
һӰڿУҲǿòܾˣ
ô£е߶һˣǿˣѾˣ
ǰǷսĻ˵⴦ռ䣬죬һְɣ
Ҳ˵˭Ҳ֪ڵǿʲôزˣ
ҲǱȽϲ죺ѲҲεĻˮѽ˷ѽأ
ûκǣе˶Щɲˣ˫һУϼһʵ׵ʲôزݣɫȻûһ˿仯
ͬ뷨սҲδ֣Ȼ֪ǿ󣬵ǣǿʲôزû
ôһۻᣬңܾûʢˣսһΣȻռٴһһ뷢ɢ߳ڿС
ǫ죡£ǿˣһˣ
飬ֱǰ꣬ʹҲѵһһο˳

СҼǵϴμ棬һͦƽģû뵽ôʱȥˣ˷˰
ε˵ôǫ죬ҲǳǱߵֱ˵ҪǵĻССѾͷֱ·ˣ
Ȼ˵ʵ࣬ǣԷĸˣԼߣֻԼԼ
ǫЦȻɫһǣԶκһֻǹɱǵģе˶ҵĵˣӿôȥˣǵʵʲôزˣ
εҡͷΪȻǹģ
ߣ֮ϣռһңң
ĸɿ壬ǣķŵսս죬ľӸϣĻŰʼռ䶼ȶ
һ棬ԼͽܺԼʦ壬ʦһ֣ǵǰһš
ʦʦ壬ǽȥɣ̫ΣˣǼĳ֣ѾƬռˣƬռźܿͻ̮ģ
˵ʦҲŵʦ㡣
ķԸ߽ţǸŻһ⣬˲ʧˡ
ãһţҾţжǿ󣡡̲סˣӰһ˫ɯǰȭȥ
⻹ûпʹʱֻһȭƬ֮ͿʼһȭӳʱƬض˲ˣƬռ俪ʼ
ӽҪһȣʱ򣬵ϺȻһɫ̣ȥ
ԹޣѾʮˣЩ꣬һֱڣڿ˶ԷеԹѾܲסˣʼԳ˹
ֻǵĿһۣһֻӳƬռ䶼ʼȼ棬Ƭ磬Ѿû˻Ȫͼıˡ
ΪȪͼ뵽ߺĻ꺣֮Уߺš
һֻӳ֮ռ̳ܲס˵Ĳˣڿʼռ䲻ϵ飬źĴأʼϵĵ
ǲϵıֳһ޴Ĺ֣ǹֳǧʮҽŷ
һжˣԷһӣʵʵİôһ£ؿڵλ˲ͳ˺ɫȼչڡ
ƬƤ࣬ѾȼյѪģˣɫ澭һȦ֮ٴεĻָ
ţ壬벻ںϰǲĿһۣ԰˵ܣȥɣǵսܲסģ
˵ţð棬ȥٵС
ѾûκλȪͼĺˣܹȥˣЩ佩֮϶ߣ֪еĻȪͼĺѾʧɾˡ
ϣٽ֮ͿԿ
ȪͼĺȫԽ֮ģǰʱ򣬸ûκεߣԴ棬߸Ӷݡ
ڻȪͼʧˣȻǾϲˡ
佩ٵĶмˣ⼸꣬ʱ޿̲ȥˡ
ǽߺеķĹˣлһš
صݣǸĹʧȥĵط׹ȥ棬ǹ̻ȵҽ
Ȼע⵽ˣǸߺ
߰ɣǴԺĻᶼûУߡ
Ѿڵʮˣʮ갡ʮ꣬һУ˺ЩϤס
Ѿ޿ˣҪƬҪ硣

̫֮ϣ볤ĵطӰվǸչʾԼ
սһȭ֮£춼ʼϵķϢңռ䶼·Ťһ㡣
ȭŤĿռ䣬˫ɯȥ
˫ɯ˫һСųУܷܷϸָһȭײȥ
䡭̫춼ʼˣԲ̫ɢһա


620 ߳
ŽǵȭˣȻԼܵҲﵽ˼ޣ˲ˣ춼ըһ顣
ǣе˶ǺںģΪǳôͻƣǾͲôĲˡ
ͷΣ㲻һֱҪȡһλ𣿡ǰ
˫һ죺ðϲһֱ仰أ桤죡
ܷԲﶼʼȼɫĻ棬ǻ¶ȼߣж֮⣬׷׻˻ҽ
ȵϢ𣬽ĳĿǧס
ˣȫңɼģȻͬΪߣǣǵʹþȫҲֻܹ˺Ѱ׵ĳ졣
ǣ˼ֻȵϢܹȼǧ׵ĳ죬Բ֮ڵĳ춼ǧס
ˣǻأߺϱǿϢ·һµߡ
桤죡
õľȻǿܵһжѹȥ·ֻͳߡ
̫ʮ֮ңǣովһ֮Ѿյ΢ˣڣȻ棬֮е҅·𶼱եһ㡣
ڣܵƣǶһֹĤݵĳ嶯
֮ߣ𾪵˵û뵽ʮȥˣǵľ룬ѾôԶˣ£һ޷׷˰ɣ
ͷߵĿ˵Ҫ佩ǲģһ˭ܹȴأ
һ£Ŷͬ˵ģǵһܳԶ
󲿷ֶ佩ĲߣǶӵĿһۣȴǿɬġ
ȷ˵ûǣҪ֪佩ʵǺѵģȻĻʮҲᱻôࡣ
Ҫ֪ǰȻ磬ǣʵޣǣأһ֣ܹ׵Ļ
ǫԳһУǱȽֱӣֱֱȥŪ㣡
ȥƱȽֱӰܶûиĹˣС˷ܵ˵
еͷ϶ð˺ߣҲֱ̫һɣǰڻûһ˿仯ء
˵ʽƵģΨûһƺֻǰǣӴ㡣ڸĳˣŪ㡣
˵֮Ҳûд⣺桤׷ɣ
һӿпʼ֣棬ЩΧȥЩ©ȻܹסЩɫĻ棬Ȼ
սֱóһѵ桤ն
һЩնȥֻǰһĹɵģǿһɶûУǲηգǷӣ
ֱӽͷųˣһȴйϢʯųڿУʼ޾Ļ棬վŵĺ棬Щȴûдźͷųֱʧˡ

е˵ˣһڵӰҲ嵽ǰ°;һȭ
ˣ°ͶˣģǱһȭġ
㡭һ˿˿ɫĲ֮ߣ°漣ѸٱˣǣЩҲסˡ
ǸڵӰǿǫ죬ǱĻճɫġ
ҲˡǫЦ˵ϣʼð˺ߡ
⣬ʲôЦ𣿡ЦʱǺڵģҿлֱºء

ǸĹȥ֮󣬾͵䵽ҽ֮Уֻе˶֪ߺûø
ǳȵҽڷĹ濪ʼϵĿţȵϢ뵽Ĺ֮Уǲյĺˡ
ЩʼٻжԸߺǣԸߺϢһҽˡ
ߺȴҲҽ֮Уһ˿ȻҽκζУǱΪʲôԵġ
֮ߺ˫һڿʼ֮һˡ
һ㣬رڶ㣬㣬޼
Ĳı֮ǽǰһǽ֮ںһ
ֱ֮˴ˣ֮棬޼һС
ң㡣
ߺΪѾ۷ˣֻΪ򲻳֮һ׶ΣԸߺٳٲܹڵĸߺѾˡ
ҾǱңΨ𣡡
ߺŭ֮еƿٵܵҽʼϵķڣΪˣΪ֮ļ롣
ڸߺĻ꺣֮Уɫ꿪ʼ˱仯ǸΪսǿʼںϵһ
һ״ѩһǺɫģһǰɫģɫ֮Уһ˿ɫɫ֮УȴҲһ˿ɫ
ߺͷϵĵĿԶ֣߽ۣ֮꣬ҲԶˣ֮۵֮УѾûкɫɫķֻ
ǣһ㣬ڰɫཻɢ͸
ߺڵԪҲʼķ仯ͻ˰ĵȽף˲ߵľ磬ǻɫǳΪ͸ɫ͸ıһ㡣
һеһУΪߺıġ
࣬ɫû״ûɫ
ڸߺ֮Уʼһ˿˿ȻҲ͸ģȴߺԪ롣
֮ߺܵһɲǣʲôͬͷ˿һϸСǲ֮
˿֮ϵĽ뵽ߺĻ꺣壬Ԫ֮С
ߺָԼԪߺȴ˫һȻ㣬һգ
˵ţߺȻһʼ˿֮ȫյԼ꺣֮С
ߺѩ꣬ɢȦΣ˸ֹ̣һֱţģǺɫĹΣģǰɫĹΡ
壬ߺֹ߳һ
ߣҳɣߺ˫۳죬ŭ
ߺϵϢ˲һ䣬ģ߸ӵеϢϿʼͷų
òҲʼ˱仯ѩɫͷڵ֮ںϡ
ӣʹߺı䣬ı䲻ˣΪѾ׵뵽֮ˡ
ңˣ꺣ȻҲ˱仯
壬ɲ壬˲ͬͲвֻҪܵ˺ͻԶϡ
꺣֮ҲһˣĻ꺣Ҳ˵ġ
Ϸ֮еԶѪҩԼ֪˶ٱ
ߺһչ׵·ָᶯԿ׾ͳУ˰뿴ڵı飬׻ľʣ
˵ţߺ߳˷Ĺҽ¶ȣߺ΢΢𣺡¶ȣҲ̫ů˰ɣǣһ


621 ǿƳ
ĵ¶ȣǴξħҲǿܣߺȴֻǸоůͬһů
ñ֮ߺǸոͻƲ߾ģŹء
Ƭҽ֮أߺѩ׵ͷʼƮݣһ˿˿ĺӸߺð˳Щ͸ģȻֻһ˿˿ǣЩҽʱƬҽ˲ıһƬѩ
һ˲䣬ⷽԲʮҽȫ˺ȫˡ
ۣ֮ߺǿʼĨаЦԲǧȫڸߺչ֣ߺſԼĸоԲʮλ֮еÿһϸڣڸߺĻ꺣֮չֳ
ϸڣ˵ʮλϣһֻϵĶߺܸоġ
ȻǲܷģΪ¶̫ˣϸ޷ģԣͲᷢ
ǣߺʮλϣһϣһϵޣ״ʮֵơ
ֻͷȽϴѣңͷϵӣҲ°֮ϵģЩѡ
һһȴȫڸߺĻ꺣֮չֳֻҪߺ֪ʮ֮ڣκһطĶǣκһط顣
ߺĿɫĹâҫķķľȫڸߺС
Ƿ磿Ϊʲô̮ˣΪʲôһƬ֮У׷ʲô飬ѲɣΪɵ˻ȪͼƬռ̮𣿡
ߺвϵ˼һлȪͼԪԣߺʮĸоЩ佩ڵĵط
ǰңɼĳĸЩ佩󲿷ȫǡ
ҪһĻȫһطһʲôҪߺţȥ
֮е֮һӿߺʱ򣬾ȻӸߺĴڣߺĴдȥ
ߺоԼ壬·ΪһƬʱյĴһ㣬ⲻߵ֮УȻĻһ˿˿Ŀռԡ
˻֪Ϊǲ̫֮أɺܶ಻˼ĵطǸߺȴĸо
ΪѾ˿ռ壬ԣָо˵ʮֵϤĿռ岻ͬǣ֮֮еһ˿ռ壬ֻܹ˴֮ɵʡ
ߺĿռ壬ȴӸ֮ɵ˵Ŀռȸߺǿܶ౶
Ŀռ䣬ߺʹӵпռ壬ҲԲܴ֮ѳ
ͺñʦ֣Ŀռ䣬ߺ붼ˣѳǲܵ顣
ߺһȻԼ֮Уٴμһռ壬ֻôһ㣬ߺ͸оԼǰ֮Ȼ˺ܶ࣬ٶҲɴ˼ӿ˺ܶࡣ
ȥʱ򣬾˺ܳʱ䣬ǣߺȴֻСʱʱ䡣
ڣ֮£ߣڲͣսÿһжһ춯ء
̫춼ǴĲӰ̫죬ɢһƬⷽԲ򣬶Ҳû̫ټ
طϿȥͻңңĿǳ죬ߺԴӽ֮󣬾ͽ龰ġ
ۣܹ֮ԲǧĶǣǱȫ֮ӵϿϣֻҪûܿ컹ûʲôġ
Ŷ˫ɯţϲôԱߵļˣһļˣû뵽ǸСӣȻôǿ֮ս࣡ߺе뵽
Ӱһпٵķȥ

ҲЩˣҵģ򣡡˵ͣ£ôˣһЧûУ
ԭոս˰죬ȫҶԳ֮󣬾ֵҲ˵Եսǻûùء
ԣŻôһ˵
ڳĻ˫ɯȻǲмһˣǣս񷣬ȴʵѡ
ԶĻǱȽϿɵģ׷֣ͣðôʱ䣬ҲˣڣͿǵˣ
ǲһףƾʲôƾʲôӿӾǲӲֻǿڻҪһأ
˵ţߣ첲ӣҪȥе˶Σʲô֣һåһҪ˵åͷӣǾ˻ŰΪå׵ġ
ðСҲ뿴ڵ㵽״ﵽʲôزˣܲܽһֵţҵжߣ
Ц漴תͷȰǫ죺СװСһΣ
ǫһ𣿣ͷӲӣҴԱ߿Ҳ̫Ϊ˰ɣ֪ӵƢ
룬㻹ȴԱ߿һ°ɣ㣬Сӣǣ¶ҪԱ߿һˣһ洫
֣Ȼ˵ҴǵǰЪ⵹ǲˡ
˭ǫŭͬըһ㣬ķ
һ꣬תţһĨ׹⣬ѸٵĳƬ֮£ٵͣ¡
ǿҵĹԣͷϵѩ׵ķ룬ǳһ˫Ŀ©˳͸©ŵǱ顣
ǣߺ˫ɯ˵ߺ棬ԸߺӡҲΪ̣ǣʱȥˣߺȻɳΪ
ߺСҲȻһЦСӣһ漣ļһﰡû뵽⼸ûʹССʦֵزˣϲɺذֳ˰
ĻеҲһǳѾȫˣ˵СӾǸߺңǰ껹ʦ磿
ⲻǳòţе˶оţߺȣǵٶȾ͸ڹûʲô
ߺȴûκˣһĨаЦ֣ǳɣһӣֲĺôأ
Сӣ㵨ңҿǻĲͷˣɫǺ죬һȭߺĻȥ
еҲÿϧʢոͻƲ߾磬͸Ʋ֮еĴУȻѾΪˣҲԲҲ˼ҵĶְ
ǣΨСȴûôһĵı飬վǡ
ϵĽۣͼӴ׵ģӿ㣬ȻһСˣҪɱ𣿡
һƲĵ㼤ңСɱײôߣһô׵ķŹ
ȭͷڰУɫԭɺɫ˵ɫҲС˺ܶࡣ
ǣ˵ȥǶ֪һзǳ
ԶЩ̲סˣѸߺСֵܣСһЩһн桤ֻҪĻյġʹһߣҲǱɣ𰡣
ߺңңĵ˵ͷҲһǰɣǾ㳢ҵ֮


622 
ߺкȻһǿҵĺǹɺɫ࣬ͨ˸ԲҲЩʵǿĲǣĸܵɺǵǿѹơ
ʲôҴûм˵˵ûֻûôǿĺûɫεĺ
ֺֻΪټ½ôʱ䣬ҲֻôһΡ
䡭һһҵײһ𣬱ǿҵĳһһȵϢ˷ȥЩߵĶߺХ
ЩߣҲ˵˫ɯ֮ߣǺ˵һЩǣһߣǿľ紵Ϯţ浹˺ü
Ҫ֪ھǽôԶľ룬ȻܹǣԿǿ
⡭ߺſֹסԼĽŲҲֻǺѾֹסԼĽŲˡ
ͿԿ˵ʵ˭ǿ˭ˣǳǿһЩٱȸߺǿһ롣
ֻڳɫȴȫĽҡȻˣһոս벻߾СȻҺˣ
ڳоԼϻģ۳ô꣬ʮ꣬Ȼһ䲻ʮСˡ
Ҫɱ㣬һҪɱ㣡˫۲ͣҴѾܲסԼеķߺޣŭˣڵѾӽʧȥˡ
ɫҲɫһβÿЦԸߺ˵СѣҪСˣ֮УʵʵǿǿҶоϢ
ߺ˫۱񣬵˵Ҳã
ŭˣǸ飬Цϵ˼ˣǲεıŭˣûЦʵʵ֮ϣֻΪûбŭΧڵѾȫķŭˣ
ߺԴ֮ڵһη˱仯ĿһۣȻֲĿ
ԭôǿһĲ֪أҿһ㣬ǿʵߺ˵Ŷų˰֡
ЩƵĶķŭˣŭһŵĻӶԷбȼһĳ죬ƺҪ֮ȫ
ߺĿһУû˿ı仯ŶֻǱһֻ»Ĺʲôµأ
֮ȻһŤٴγֵʱѾ˳ߣ˫һ䣺ұɣ
ǣߺû˵꣬һŭ𣺡Сȥ
϶ðɫĻ棬ϯܣǻͬȼյ޾ԶߺҲΧС
ߺ˫һ¶ð޾ĺٵڸߺΧΪߺס߸ɨ䡣
桤Ա⣡
ߺ˵һӣ͸ӸߺбȥΧȥ
𡭡
·Ұޣû֪ûи飬ʩչˣǣӵˡ
СһЩɣνÿһǿ
ߺҲܵˣΪԼľԱ⣬ȻڶԷ߸֮£˷ıĩ
æתһ壬ܿ߸ĹһӣһҲֻӳ޾Ļ档
䡭
ҵײһһ󼫴ĳ﷢Ŷȥ
ʱ򣬿ǫȻǰȥһȭߺȥһȭȥлЦ
֣ӿԾһսˣ
ȭ·𴩹Ŀռ䣬һ֣һʧӿǫ﹥ߺǰ
ߺһȭͷ̺־Ȼǿ񱩵ңƷǳĿ죬ܵҲѹסߺøߺ˿Ķ
ǱһȭˣȻᱻˣǣķԼĲ֮һġ
ֻһʹԭʧתȭĺ档
ǫѾ˷ĵزˣûзʲôͬҲһ˼·ŭ״̬ˡ
ǣԱߵǼˣɶεģ˸ߺһУ
ߺܸоѾռˣֻе˶֪
ࣺСѾͷ㷢ʲô
˫ɯûκεı仯ǣȴ΢ǿռ壬ǿռ壡
ССͣȻܹռ壬ӾԲƽЩʧп
ڲ߾Ѿܳʱˣ٣е˼ԼҪС
ǣȴʼûռ
ߺոյȭ棬ɫʼ˵˭Ա߿ţҺս
һȭǰеһݺݵĻɢ
ڸߺĻǫûᣬ˫֮еķ֮ɫԽԽʢȻ˫ۿʼɫ
һ˫ɫͫףһ޶ǣȴҲ΢ЩͬǾǳɫĹâǷɫǻɫ
ǫٴǰֽŲãһٵĹڽ߸ȫɢˡ
Ȼ󣬾Ȼʤ׷ٴߺȥ
桤ֹˮ
ߺĬĬ߶Χʼͬˮһֹʱ򣬿ǫ챻׵ıˡ
ǣûеȸߺӦǫһŤȻߺֹˮƵˡ
ڸߺһƬ͸Ĺɫ֮УչȭţЩ֮ҲȫĴƬ
ȴĺƬǻԼ壬Լµ˺ۡ
Ϊ֮ƣսȻԼϿʼµѪôߺ
ʮ֣
ߺ˫ּٵĻ裬һֱִӸߺΣ֮зȥڰУ˰ɴСı֣նȥ
ر֣ͬĥһɢϵĥԷĿ֮
ǣߺʵǲ˺ܶ࣬ʮرֱȭͷһȭһȫĻٵˡ
ߺһ֣Щ͸״ıֲ֮ȫˣٴڸߺܱСΧŸߺͣת
۷꣬û뵽ߺ˫һоԼǵĵ֣ȻһʼܹսһǳȥԼذɡ
ӶԷʵͿԿߺӰһԶһ£оߺϵսȻʧˡ
㲻ߺרĶԸ
Сӣ㻹ĲأȻԲһľ磬ͳǲʤЦǺǵߺԱߡ
ߺĹ˹֣ĵʲôһ죿
㲻ỹ֪ɣСЦ¸ϡ
ߺͷǺߣ˵ֻոͻ߾磬ôܻ֪أ
ǰߺϾҲߣǲҪˣߺԱߣҲǷ־ģһصľ磡


623 ƺ
죿ߺ˵ȻѾ֪߾ǿǣûʲô֮˵
Ľ˵ߺˣԭ߽꣬һˡ
߽꣬һ죬ǿǣߺ߽꣬Ȼǿȣǰ˽ߣҲ
ǣϾֻ߽׵꣬˵ףҲֻǲһľ硣
ȫߣǿɶǲľ磬Ȼߺڵʵ벻߶ս߶ģǸߺĶ֡
ߺ꣬ǿһ׵꣬һĺڰ׹棬ڰ߽꣬꣬ԿŽ꣬Ȼʲô¡
ҲǵֿѣҪ˵ܽԷսܣȴǲܵġ
ڣҲֻߵ꣬ﵽ˾Ž꣬ߣÿһ˶ǲ졣
̶ֻЩͬѣǶǾŽ꣬ԣʵ˵ǲġ
ȣȴֻǰ˽۷ˣʱ򣬳ѾǾŽˣȻܹ֮һȴԲǶԷĶ֡
ͬڵĸߺһȻԿ˵Ҫøߺһƽ֣ǻܶԷȴܵġ
˵ǿǿǫĻߺ˵ˡ
ǣҪ˵ɱߺȷʵ򲻿ܵģΪߺʵô˵ҲһǶʱߣȴҲʲô¡
ԣڸܵߺĺսϢ֮󣬲Ż᲻ȥ׷Ϊ֪ߺ֡
ߺ̾һʧ˵û뵽Ǽʹܹһܣ
ĿһۣˣŽ۷֮ľ磬߾磬ǻ֮䣬ͿԻأҲһ磬ûʲôضǣѾӽ۷ˣԣѾʼ취ԼȴȵǳΪߵʱǵöˣ
ߺ˵Ǿ仰ߺˣǾǡǲǶԼʵս
˵ͷõĵȷʵ
˵֮ϣĿŸߺڴߺ˵ȥ֪ڵĸߺŵʲôز
ߺ˵֮һƬص˵㿴Ҹ
أ㻹ҵĻиʲôһ£û뵽ߺȻ˵ľˡ
ߺ˵ͷȻûˡ
šʲôû˵ɣɵøоԼͷεģԭԼϣ˰죬Էȴֻᵽôǳɡ
ߺĶȴֻ΢΢һЦЩ飬ֻǿںģҲӵأ
ʵôķ
ߺ˵ͷȷʵ֮һʱĹۿ󣬱֮ĳʲôģ
ںҲֻ֮չѣûи簡
Ҳʵһ֣ģӦӲϾΣ
ͱΣǻȥ֮󣬲ŵ֪ԼѪŵͨߺŲôܵ
۹ĹһλȪͼ
ߺһǵսоȻǳڵѾûʲô鿴ȥˡ
ȻȪͼˣǣЩ黹ûȫһȻԻȪͼˣǶԸߺЩõġ
ٶԼļ˻ڲȻıǣԼڲģǲĳͷԼļץأ
ǾҪĿ꣬ҲǶҪ
Ǿҵ壬ĸУѾĺǣȴĴεֹ뽫ɱԼĺӳΪҵļ̳ˡ
Ǹߺܵ˵ģߺһЦǰСһ²ߴͽ̣
ӯӯһЦ·ٻţͬǲ߾磬ƺҵѼɣ
ǰȹҺܶΣֱôƺеЩⲻȥˣ֪ڵ˭ǿ˭
ߺȻʵˣǣûеűϾûеûڵĲ߸ߺ
һǵʵʵǰģܹǰ浥׺ĳƺţҲԲʲô֮
֪ôܹߵĳƺأ֪ǲ֮Լģߺʵ
ڸߺѯʣصЦЦȵ֮ͻ֪Ϊҹܿͻҵģ
˭ΪʲôҪأߺʵ
˶صЦЦȴʲôû˵ֻЦĿŸߺԺ֪ˣ
˵꣬㲻˵ˣǹעǳսߺһԶ֮أ¶һ˿΢Ц
λǰ»飬Ͳˣ˵꣬ߺӰһʹԭʧˣ˷ȥ
ǸоǴԽؿռ䣬˵ԡ
ŸߺߵϢǴĶʼ־ĸоЩȻ
ϾǸߺ֮ǰŵԣǻ˵ǣǸߺгĻǾǸߺū
зʱǣʵжȴǻŸߺĿơ
ߺ΢΢һЦֻҪǰһ飬ôҾͳ׷Ź𣬲֮ĻˣˣҲǷ˭ֻҪǰ飬Ҿͳ׵ķŹǣ
е˶࿴˿Ȼ˵ͷܹƽã˵ɣҪʲô
ߺǣ¶һ˿аЦָǰ棬һȺ֮УصӰˣżöҪı飬ȪͼˣڣҪУЩù
ǸȺ֮еصǸˣǰ
һֱڽʬ֮ţҲЩʬڿЩߵսûз֣Ⱥ֮УһǽʬС
ڰ£ΪûܹսʤԣԼΣա
ǣû뵽ǣߺȻɹͻƳɹ˲ߣңܹͳս
в
Ҫ֪ʵ֮ϣߺܹͳ֮ڣսƽ֣ôҲǿܶࡣ
ңڵĳǿ״̬֮µġ

е佩¶Լĳ״̬֮£Щ佩ǿ״̬
ߣЩ˵Ǿ֡
һٶ佩øߺĶЩˡ
úúãǱ𼤶ҴӦǣҽǣǣڸߺսˡ
һٶ߰ΧԼʱæ˳ɣ͸ߺ
ߺһͽǼö飬ԼУЦˣ
תʧڿУԶȥ


624 
ߺȥ˺ܴӰ죬Щȫ֮ǰȻ֪ߺǣȴܹоȪͼĴڡ
ֻҪȪͼһ죬ôǾԶҪܻȪͼ֧䣬Ҫǣ֪Ȫͼʲôʱ򱬷
ǣڸߺȻûȴǽˣֻҪǲȥвߺ˵ôǾԶɵġ
ɣʧȥģĳɳٶȡ

ĽСӣĹʺҲ̫ǿһЩɣЩε˵Щ־ǧӣᣬ룬Ҳֻܹ˵ˣ֪᲻Ӧ
οЦЦ˻ģʱӦһҸоӦòܾɣ
˵ͷСЩ̫ǿ˰ɣʮ࣬ͿԵΪʵ£ԺĲһߣһߣĪ
ʱս˵ΣգӦñҡôо˵
ʱԱ˹˵񡪡𣡡
֣е˶һ𣬰սˣ˳ƷӵĿǫ嶼һ
֣Ǳ˵ȻΪǸʱǲߡ
ڽƿնȥ֮˲߾磬һ·Ϊһߡ
Ҫ˵ǣǳģˣΪߣҲʱ䣬ǽոƿնȥųɾ˲ߡ
ǰһʱ䣬һ·ڳΪ˲ľ磬һ־ľǿߣôˡ
ǣǿҲٶʱ䣬ɾ͵ĲߣգѾһǧˡ
뽣ȣǵ֮ǿˡ
ߺȴͬ䣬ɳٶȣǵܹȽϵġ
˵ߺǵڶ𣬲ǱȵҪţвĴڣڻָԭ飬˵
ҡҡͷ˵Ӧòɣĵ𣬴ѹô꣬УҲֻүûбѹ׿˵ԼǶȹٵأߺûоЩ죬ʲô仯
һζô𾴣ΪĽ𣬴ѹߣߵģͻܵĳͷ
Ψ𾴣˵Ļʮӵġ
е˿˵ϵǲ½ߵϣ᲻ᱻѹƣ뽫֪ǣ
ܣʼļˣ֪ԼĸǣǾԲưոݵģпΧԼ
Ҫֳ֪괦۷˵ԶԼܵв
ãҾ˵ˣߺΨһһ֮֮صˣңҵͽ˵Ҳ֮ͻƳΪǺӾġԣǶȹļ٣ҲǺ
˵εԼļε˵Ҳ֪飬Ȼ޷ˣ
ǣϢѾܵ˾ȵˣʱҲˡ
ԭ֮أ֮أǸطлߵķӡһˣߺ޵˵
Ҳݵ˵Ǵˣţ֮Դӳһ֮⼸궼ûʲôˣǷ˾裬˭뵽Ȼֳһߺ
ǫ˫һһʱ䣬֪Ǹһʲôʱϸߺвƺţɣһ֮ǽеĵóַߺ
ս˵ͷãǾңһʱ䣬һʱ䣬׼һ°ɣײҪȫΪ㲻˵ǾͲ֪
ûǻôʱˣΪԼĺˣţ׾ܹ೤ʱ𣿡Ҳ˵
ңһ£ҾͲμˣͷʹˣңһҪΪʯзܶǮȢϱôˣҶûȢϱأһź
˵ţ״
һЦǺǣǰô棬ҵ뷨ͬ
ôСޣҲ׷ĹƲٰɣ˫һɫԵ˵
ҡҡͷ⡭ǰ벻ҪЦҪ֪ߺ˵ҲǲߣҲԼȥɱԼˣϾǵļ̳˰
ǹȥʱ᲻أ˵
һ֣ڱһӵʦţ̧˽ȥ⣬ɣǺǣ
һ˵ȣ˵Ҳ̫˰ɣ͸û˵һ
һǷͷҲˣôʱ䣬ˣ
˵꣬Ȼĺ˯ֱֱ׹ȥ
ϲСˣ˫ͨ죺ҿܲסˣְ׳յΪȻҪȫߺ
ս˵룬Ӧˣ˵СˣӿеŮˣ㿴Ų˳۵ĻǵĺԾʹ˽
˫һУвң
ңǣûܶҿеŮ˶֣ͽܣһӣս˵
£ͬˣҿǻֹͣɣǴɱҵͽܣǲױţֿԶһˣһ˭Ů˵Ϊô
ˣŭƾܹɱߺǸһȺ׳գ
ߺ˵һ
Ҳھ˵ոҲвԣˣֻҪߺɱˣԺļƻ;û˿ԴţôҪʲôŮˣûУںһ𣿡
ǫЦǰոǳϷĺ۰ΪһģҺͳǱݵĺܾأ
ʱ򣬳Щ̲סˣĿ˿һۣе˵Ǹǽ뵽ս״̬˺ò
ҪЩϸڣǲǳˣ֮䣬ûκεĽ͹ˣ
˵ͷ˵ıҲ

ڵĲҵϿգһӰϢĳϿգ䵭Ĵҵȫңӹˣ
˵ô䣬š
Сӣ㻹ҡ˵Ӱ˲ͳ棬ߺҪǣܵߺʱȴסˡ
ȻܲߺϢҲ˵ߺڵʵѾܹĵˡ
ôǼҵĵǲ𣿡ߺ˵
⣬һ˭˭˵ģҸڵСĵأο˭ܾ㣡
ߺ΢΢һĨϤаЦϣ˵ѻܲʵŶҿûоĴأ


625 ˵
ߺһƣûһ˿˼˵ҸûڼܹôҲֻһ޵࣬Ȱ㣬ǳżҸڣߡ
ߺ΢΢𣺡Ҹ㣬ҾͻϵˣҪҪĿǴ壬ΣһսԱ֮ޣ
һսǲĳԶ˰Ҳ̫˰ɣռ䶸Ȼ˶ڸߺǰһӰĸ֡
˿ˣæ˵μ״ˣ
ǣֻ˵ģվԭأԷĸߺȥȻϸĸһ¡
ȻĿŸߺǾȣ𾪣һ죿㣬굽׶󣬲һ֮ǰҲֻǺӾ磬۷嶼ûôô죬ͽΪһľأ
ո˵ڣ˶ˣ״ˣ˵ʲôǲߵľ磿Ϊĳɳٶôôأô°
ͣҪ˵ˣ죬⣬Ϊɳô죬˵һв˵
ߺȻЦʲôҪɱңǿЦǲǶԼʵ̫˰
ҲһЦǾҪ㵽ûдѵʵˣ
˵ţһ̳ڸߺǰԼ˫֣ԣ桤ɣ
ţԷֻոͻƵ֮Լⲻ߶۷࿹⡣
˫֣·ֻݣǵķݣܽһҧϡ
֮Ŀռֻ֮ݣͱ֮ɢϢضʼ𶯡
ҾͿܲܳסҵı⣡ߺ˫һ˵ϣʼɢĺ
ߺĬĬ˵ǿҲҪҺı⣡桤Ա⣡
˵ţߺϵĺʼԷ֮ӿѸٵĸ棬ˡ
㺮öݱ֮ϣ֮Ŀ϶ȫסûа취һ
ɶ桤£˫һ䣬ı󣬳һ޴ͷͷзԲɵĴЦݺݵߺҧȥ
ŨĿռ֮ߺ忪ʼѹȥߺо޷ۿͷԼ
ߺҲûôĿͷԼ˽ȥ
ֻ˶ѣҲˣǿֳЦûеģΪӵв֮ԼһУûɱԷ
ǣȻûɱԷˣûġ
͡
ԸûдɣǾ޴ǿ֮Уĺð˳ܲϵĳȥ
ҾͶѣǣţʹֻͣҲԲҵĶ֣ߺд˳
ͷȻʼϵ涳ֻһڶ⣬ͷˡ
飡ߺĴ洫˳ͷʼϵĳѺۣȻѣ飬ƬƬĺ׹ȥ
ߺӰȻбֻ˸˼£ǵԣĿ˫۳ı䣺֮׵ҵжɣ
ߺȻǲľ磬ǣ֮ȴȷ벻
ֻڸߺȽײ㣬ֻҪ뵽˽ףô֮ȫˡ
һεĺӸߺϱΣ֮⣬ʵ̫˸ûа취֡
ߺ忪ʼڿռ֮жܵĺҲŶ·𣬸ߺƬһ㡣
򣡡֪ߺô׾ͿԻܵˣԣɴʹóԼˣһǽУʼϵĴӷԲ￪ʼ֡
ţһͷͷǿʼڿи֣ǲǸÿһ䣬ʼϵŭ캿У˵Уͷ棬˸оޱȵĺ䡣
ͷпʼֵĲ
ǣЩǽߺߵʱȴĺ棬ʧӰ١
˵ڿ־ߺຮ־˵ǿ־ĳЩˡ
ߺܹĸоԷ֮еҲĲţ񾪿ֵĿŸߺ
ʲôҿʲôҿԩ꣬ĿݹǣɭϢ谵أڿֲĻɫɫ֮䣬ƮĻ꣬ϵԹ
·ۿһУ˵˫
ҸܵʲôҸܵ˵Ǵ˵֮еĵʼֵĲҡͷҲҪҲҪЩаĶǣҹȥĻһɥġ
Ұ޵֪һƽ˸ܹܵΣգߺ˵ʵҲ־ȵġ
Ҫ֪ʹˣڸ֪Σһ棬ҲԲĶ֣֮ͱԤ֪Σյֱǿ
ܹܵȪͼϢһߺ֣ǣߺֵǣȻԼĺ֮Уܵ˵Ϣ
ǿɲκ˶ܸܵģ֮УҲֻǴ˵ѡ
ڴ˵֮У֮Уԩ꣬ʮޣڰ޳ǲٿ˵׻˵˵
ǣߺԼȴôţϣܻĴڣڵĴ˵ڸߺʹǴڵĻҲֻֻһȼĽλ½ߵĴڣڸߵĴڡ
ɶ񣬿ɶҲģʹҲҪǵ˺ǵѪ⣡鿪ʼ𽥱÷
һֻҰһ㣬ڿвϵŭ˫ۿʼıÿκһ˿顣
ڿ־嵽Ƿŭο׺ݵˣԲ֮еǣʼһŭŭ
ǵ壬ѸٵߺһɲͽߺΧС
ɫӰʼϵߺߺϰǿĺѹƣֿԼ֮⡣
ߺ˫ȭʼźһȭȭЩӰȥһȭȥһӰɺȻѸٵѡ
ô죬ֻΪԼຮԪ߳ܶ౶ſԵֿѹƵģǳȥһûа취ֿģҵڻͣڶ۷壬û϶ǶԷĶְɣ
ߺͷ֮пʼµ˼Ψֻÿռ壬طˣܵӰϵĹȴøߺ뷨
ǾֻˣɲҪҲˣߺ˵пʼٵۣһСɵݳС


626 һ
ߺոÿռ۳һռͺȻое㲻ԾΪĺ棬һֻԼ
ǹȻǣûʲôͬǣϢȴ΢ĲͬҪǣǿ񱩲̵ϢǸ߳˺ܶ౶
ߺûнйǵĵ壬˶Էһצһצյʱͷڱ仯ԼӰ
һͷǵ״ǵ壬Լƣצߺߺ֮ܵڶԷצĻ£˺üݡ
桤Ѫ֮צѪԲɢ˫ۿʼĳ죬һѪ֮צĿꡣ
Ѫ֮צѪ
ߺһצԼûбʮ־޴󻯣ǽԼһвŻƻ
Ҳôõĳ־֮ǣеٶȣǷ̶ȣȷǸߺδġ
ߺϺȻŨĺʼͣĲ桤ֹˮߺе˵
Ƭֹʱ򣬶ԷҲ׵ıˣֻţռ俪ʼȶĲһ˿˿ƻƬֹ
ߺһһҲֲ̫˰ɣֹˮƲסԷж
˫۳죺֪֮ǶѪĿϣѪѪģ
ƬʼˣƬƬϵ˷ȥУϡ
ϣȻһ˿˿ĺۼ˿˿Ѫгһֱӿ˳ȻȽǿ󣬵ǻʱ޷ıԼǿ
˿˿ѪȾϵʱʧˡ
ߺãΪ֮ԭǲѪͷߺпǧЩѣе
ҪЩϸڣҪסģһеǿ󣡡ЩΣΪΣŭĺ㲻ǺǿǾʹҵ֮ѳȥɣ
ߺһ߲ϵĶܲȺһ߽¶΢Цð˵ģֻƬƵʱҸұ֤ˮǣҲ˲Ļɷ棡
ΪſڴƻƵĻһ𣿡˵
ߺνԼļ򣺡νŲţֻҴʲôſڴƻƵˣһҪεĽǣ
˵ţڳһҪеƣľȻţǲܵģûʲôܹͻԼĿռ֮󣬻ʣô
ǣǲߣ֮еκһˣǿһԿЧ
ǣеֱȴǧҪŸߺ˵ĻΪߺ漣ߡ
ãھʹȥ棬㵽ܹˣʲôǿգӸߺΪ˲Լҵĳ𣬻ҵĺˡ
ʹŸߺĵطȥɣʱߺҲһ
ߺ֪ռݵıըһǷǱѰڸոգЩ֮ѾĿռ䣬˾޴ѹˡ
Ŀռ伫ΪȶأһΣĿռҪըˡ
ˮ֮УеĺӣⱬըĻˮǶᱻɡ
ʱĸǷȫߺԼܱ֤ˣԣڸߺҲֽģҿոˡ
ȻĻߺĺѰأߺһЩ̾ϢռҲ̫ƿˣΪߣȻƿأ֮ǰðʧǸоľأ
Ÿߺٵ˽ӽĵططвϲĵط
Ϊ̫ʵˣԽסκǿĹᱻ֮ͽ䡣
ȻǵȽǿΥ̫֮ǿ֮ǿΥġ
Ƕ磬̫صˣ֮ܵĳͷģԣЩǣӽĵطս
ǣս̽գ֮У߲޵еģܶԴݻٲߡ
ǶǰĻؾҲЩϣȥĵطΪǿԵõͻڲߵϣɹĽ߾硣
һ̫ΣˣǾͨⳤ죬ޱ޾ǿգʧȥ֮ѹƣǵʵͻ
˳֮£ߺ¶һ˿΢ЦеǸݽɿȺ֮зȥ
ոշɳߺУߺ̿ʼʩչ桤ѩңεĸѩǸߺȫʩչģ˿ռԪأԶܸǿ
ߺҲֱǾǣſռ䱬ը֮ɵǸ䣬ߺԼÿ־塣
ʲô𹥻ߺзɳһݣûʼЩǣЩǾѾʼˡ
䡭
һʼƬ춼ʼ˾޴Ѻۣռ䣬ͱ˲ݻˡ
Ŀռ䱬ըһ̣׵壬һǱըģķ̾ͱǿҵˡ
ûж飬Ͼǲߣڱըһ˲䣬չ֮еϵд
ǣǱ֮˿ѷɫڣԣ֮ȻһֵǣԾһֽˡ
ҿӵв֮΢΢תͽƸָĲˡ
ǣ˺ȴô׾ָܹģο˲ʹݻˣԼ֮ϵжϡ
Ȼж֮ɻˣϾǿжϣû˺ġ
ûжϰԼ˲䱬ը˵˺Ե΢ˣڵήң˺۵ĿŸߺɫ
ʵû뵽û뵽ھȻôǿ󣬲ΪǲȥģȻʤһУǣôң
֪ʵϣߺ޼ȻߺʤһУǣҪ׵ĴԼȴô򵥵ġ
ߺ΢΢һЦ⵹һɣҽʵɣոձըģһֵĿռ֮Ҫȥҵ÷һأ
ʲôߺ˫۱÷ŭ㾹ҰһҪɱ㣡
ߺֳĨаЦ㻹ȵһ£ÿռ䱬ըɣ
˵ţߺЦ֮ϵһƬǹ⣬ռ䱬ըγɵ˵ŰɣɲôöԸģͺúõһ°ɣ
˵꣬ߺһָУǸҵŮ˺ҵĶӣҾȲĽˣ
طռüΪȶǸߺĿռĸߣѾ֪ʲôռȥˡ


627 
ĸߺݺݵ˵һƬҵĿռ֮УҪ˵ϴΣڽĺ֮еǴ䣬ߺܹӹȥǾƬ̫Զˡ
ԣŻɹѹȥڣ̫ˣ˵Ա߱ըġ
ʮҵ֮Ǽһ㣬Ű档
һߺȻ˿ռ壬꣬ǧ֮Уֻнһ˿ռ壬ϧȽľʵֻҪҽϢߣ˲ͱΪ˰ɣ
֮ϣһ˿˿֮ƬҵĿռ֮ƶȥ
УߺнԶıӰЦŰɣãҾͻɱȥ㣬ҲΪţۣ
ߺٵĴⷽԲĿռ֮УϢѾ÷ǳıˣߺţƬػûзʲô֮ǰڸѩЧʱ֮ڣӳƬ
ٵĿռ䴩ֻƬ̵ĹѾ³ҵϿˣҡ
ڵһۼźܶˣգˣᣬ̨ҲУΨû塣
ԵĿŸߺȻ飬ǣиŬĴ֪ԭί֮УߺĽ㶼ܺˣԵ˭
ǣƫƫԼĸ游ǳ˳һˣǲϷŹߺ
һ˲䣬ߺɫЩΣ׵ιȥˣ̨ʱ򣬸ߺ
ΪʲôУʲôģߺӸ£ʵޱ飬˫֮бŷĹâ
ߺڵ๫ôʱ򣬺Ȼӵд˳Ÿߺȵ
ߺϸĸһĸУĴڣһЦЦˣߣ
룬ΪҵˣѵӦ˵ʲô𣿡ŷ̨һţ̨˼Ĺڵϡ
ոոߺսˮǶˣǳսˮ֮з֣ˮǶ˷ɻˡ
ߺүߺүĲǹİŹҰɣұ֤ҲΪˣ̨Ŀ߶߶
ߺɫһ¾֮ı䣺ô˵˵ˣôҵĺأҵĺңҲһ
ߺʵǷ̨ڵķ̨Ѿɵˣֻ߶߶˵ߺԼ
ĿеòõϢߺԼĿ⿴壬˫֮飬ŭȵ˵
ڸߺѾӽˣͷɫķ޷ԶڿƮš
˵㽫ҵĸôˣΪʲôûܲסˣվŭ
ߺûһ֣Ǻͽ˴˰֮⣬ײ˶ؽ˹ȥ
˵ңǵû˵ҵĺģߺѾʼܲסˣڿʼͨ뺡
㣬ǶԷڲԼ˵ԼͽˮȫڵҲҪԼĺҳ
ߺ˫ɨӣ֮ۡ
һߺĶͷϣ˵ĿǵĿмһ״
ߺĵĿɨȥˮǣߺ͸һ飬Բڸߺ֮£¶
ǣûԼѪͳӵĴڡ
ߺһԼĲӣô˵ĻǶԲˣҪǡȫ
˵ţߺѾʼһ˿˿͸ĺߺ˫ڣ͸¶źɱ⣬ѩ׵ͷɢһ˿˿ϸ˿ĺ
ֻǣЩı̶ȣֻҪ˸һ£ͻ֪ôļ򵥣ֻҪ棬ʹǺ۷徳ߣҪΪ
ܵߺڲٿҪˣ֪Լٲ˵ĻǾ군ˡ
ããߺŭлú˵մŴ˵ֶŮԲˣΪҵ棬ֻܽʵ˵ˣ
漴ߺֹͣðĿգ˵
һڿˮѵ˵ĺأڻûκҪļšͷ̨ʵ
ʱȻڵĳΪ˷ޣʲôԵɱҰ
˫Ѿɫûͷ
ߺһɱ㣬ˣ޵Һֱ֮ҾͻὫȥ
˵֮󣬸ߺ˫۾Ȼʼͨ죺ҡȻĸҴñˣһҪɱǣȮ
˵꣬ߺƳɵк˿˿¶뽫̨룬Ȼһ
ʮ̷ʹҳߺһʮ˳ڸߺǰߺ
Сôˣߺ˵ʮöó֮󣬾͸Сʵ
еĵһ̷ʹҲǵĵһʿվŸߺİһݣ²μˣˣ̷ʹѾ뵽ĳ̶ȣΪҲǺˡţֻҪ̷ʹʱ䣬һᵽ۷ģ
ߺĵ˵ͷûټȥеĺָڵϿͷ絷ķ̨
̷֮֮УΪ֤ˣߺ˫飬˵
ǣˣ˵ţʮ̷ʹз׷ױԪǾȻĽԼĹıˡ
Ǳ仯˱ʣһʼĻ棬ڵ״Ԫ
̷֮֮еʵӣڸǺӾ۷ʵ
ǣҲӴԺԶѳߺĿˡ
۳һƬĿռ䶼סˣȻ󣬽̨ק𣬶Ÿߺĵ˵ͷ
µȣиˣ
ߺ˵ͷȥɣúд
˵꣬һʮ̷ʹʧڿռ֮С
ңҿǻˣϴĺܺûнǾûֺˣ
ߺе˵͵ػͷ壺㣬һͷģԹԵһҪߣȻĻҶŹģ
˵ţߺӰʼʧţڷҵڵأĺĿ޽ĽǸط
ŨصѪζˮǣǷ죬ʼɫ˱ɫģ棬ԩƯ棬ϵԩС
Ǻοأ뷽̨СӣûκεĹϵֻз֮ѣЩ꣬涼ûŭߺʲôôأε̾һ
ԩ꣬˫֮䣺ֻΪˣԶıϣɱң


628 
磬ǿ߰˵ȥ˲򣡡мĺУӰСӰӿҡҡλεķС
ཱུСޣ֮Ͽֻ࣬۵ģɰ
ȫŶǶϻƿҿӣƿʲôƷƿ֮е̣Ҳʲôͨˮ
СкͷϵͷǺɫģͫҲǺɫģһֺʵĸоŮͷɫģ̴̵ģҶһ㡣
ͫ׶̵ģ·޵
СͯʵȻǺǿǣȴҲǺɢƣԼǺصľ硣
ҲֻǸոܹжѣǣȴԼܳǵ찡
磬쿴쿴ǰһҴأȥȥһ¸׵ϢСŮָںһҴĵ˵
кҲͷǻŴߣˮҵСĸκ°
໥˵ͷȻѸҴȥ
ˣϵ˿ӰǷæ˵
е˶ˣңҴϵı־ߺڴһʶǰҴ
ֻҴˣ򣬵ڶϿɵĴֻ뺣֮ڣѵġ
ȻߺѾҷߺ޲ˣǣִ˵˵ȥĻóȥˮοǻĲǺںһҴĽ۷ѣ
𶯣Сޣ֮ɣˣæֹסȫԱǡ
ЩԱǶȵʵûɣСޣ֮ģ֪½ֻдʮ꿪ʼſеģշУʲô٪֮İɣ
еĴԱȽҿһʲôԷϻͯаŹһǵģ
ͷֹ֪ǲģοСһŲߣûдﵽأ
еĴԱһ£Ȼ񿴵һСûɣ龳磬һСȻǺ龳ǿߣ
Сޣ߾վǱ𶯣ʸоЩԱ˵Ҳȫ޵νΪСһеľʵ̫ˡ
ཱུС޿ɰԼ죺ͷ˵ᰡڼû˸Ҷô˵Ҳֻд磡
УˣϹͷˣϿȥɣ˵ţϵĴŴ
СŮЦŶ󣬾ԳϹͷֲšأ

Щ˶ɵˣСһĶԻôô֡
߾ɽҿ˺Ҫ·ƣǸСкһ˵
С޽ʲôȻ֪СһΣգǣԷôɰ̲סʵ
СкԺ˵ոߣ쳾һָǸСŮС
Լ˭ܣҵֱȽϺոߣգ㣬ʲô飬СͿˣ
Ǹи쳾СŭãգռҵıˣǸ磬ã
ǽ㣬ǵܵܣ

һߣ˸·ճյĿСһڿ㳳֣ˡ
˵˭󣿡СһֲȻֻͬʱתͷ򴬳˫֮бƵĿ⡣
εԼͷϵ亹»ֻǵĸĸ֪ˣ֪ǵĸĸǺˣ
ǿܹôС͵ΪСһǵĸĸһʲô֮
⣬Ȼһ԰ǻûأ֪ߺ𣿡
е˿Сжͽ˼ǹ˼֣͵Щ֮ȥοɾķˡ
ǣո뵽⣬ǾС޿˵Ļ
˵һ飬ֻȣͬһˮоһ
߸߸ߺûƭǣʵǸߺѲɣǸߺãڻǵøߺģ
Ȼ֪ڵĸߺǿʲôزˣǣȴļǵãһŭٵһ֮ȫٵԼ塣
ǣһоͱԲĺʵǸоԼж쬵ġ
ûûȻЩڳˣûߺϴμڲ򣡡
Ү
Сһ֣װĶԴ˵λ壬ǳļûдʯҴȥ𣿡
쳾ҲԱ壺ǰǰ㿴糾͵ģѰСͷ۳Ϲͷˣ
룺ͨߺСǾȸߺСһ͵κһУҲԿǣ
ǺħãҵҴҵңȻǵǮˣ
𣿡ʱһӴ֮ϣ˵Ķ䡣
߰ɣɫͷɢƮһ˫ɫ˶壬ϵò
˵ĻҿɲǺţͬ߹СһȻܹշɶȣû뵽ȴǸߺã
쳾˵ʶҸף
ɫһܲʶҵ֮еĲƱӶˣҵıˣҲǵѰ
䣡
׺˧
쳾Сһ񻹲֪ΣսȻʼԼĸ
е˶ͷñ亹ǰֻ˵ߺåһĴڣڿȻ٣Ůֻɫ
˼Ҫ𣿡վɵ˵
ֻ۵ʮֵĸЦ
Լ壺ûҪץסǣǵĸ
СӣţҴ˵߼ˣվսܹģˣ
˵쳾˵֮һֵơ
ǿЦλ͹ˣ˵
Ҳ̫˰ɣдǣ㻹Ҫķ⣬ôܷأԣ˵
ƾ㣬Ĳ֪ҵţ˵ˣһǸǣǺøߺţ
ҾĺУе¶һ˿ݵЦݣǻҪҪˣ
仰쳾ģ쳾ήңǻëϹͷ˲ˣǶˣҪԵģ
˵ţȻɴֱϡ
ҺеǳԵģʲôСЦ
Ǻ̡
һɣ
˵ˣộֻܺȻĻͲһˣ˵ĺ档
úãǴ𣿡εĵ˵ͷ
ǣ쳾ȻվҪŭţ̣
ܹˡ


629 ˭е
ûȺзӦǱߵҲ˵ˣң
ҵҪȽϵͣҺȵĶǶ޲µ̣ʲôĶУҪһ˿ѪͿˣ
ͷˣ˭ҵķӣѪҪҪҵѪʲôûȻڱտڣƽҪѪУǳԷҾͲţƽʱǵƿ֮ҲѪ
ţ쳾һһƿ̾ͳУ˵۾һ͹ռָȥҲ̫ǿ˰ɣȻС޵опռָ
һûӣʲôҼҵĿռָѳɽˣöûãֻ棡
ɫȥһߺ湻ģ֪˶˵ĲƱ
£ɰСǼˣ׷׵˵ϣſھҧһҧһߺ˵Ҹף
ںЩܲˣһӣһǿǳȥ纣һ㲨ӿ
ҲԼأ޿ǸߺãߺϹѵĶ
ԣҲֻǰǵΪģֻǺؾû뵽Ӹû̫á
Сһ廯Ӱƶȥ쳾ļһСƵķԸСܣ
쳾ŭǸ磬ɣСã
˵ţٵ˵װϣ˫ְ棬һºǽǰǹǽʱ򣬾Ȼ˲ͱסˣ
⣬֮ңоȻ̺֮ɫһϲ쳾̰ãǰΪʦɣ
Ȼͽܵ˼ǣ쳾һͽܣƾҲ䣬Ҹ˵Ĳ߸Ͳʲô׵ʦأ
Ŷ㸸׵ʦ˭ҵ뿴ܲܺһսȻ˵Ĵ󻰣ĵ˵
ںһ˵ۣƫƫҪѧ˵Ҹ׵ʦԼôɢųζĺ
˵꣬յŵתǶǽ֮ϣȻٵֲҿٵȥǲϰڶĴǣȻľ̡
һ˲ͽΧ͸һƵģܲ͸硣
ֻһ֮һɼΪǿ汬ǸľپȻٵĻ˷ĩ
ܺãܺã𣿹ȻΪҺеͽܣ
ոչһСһû뵽Сһ￴ƺǣʵǳǿ
ҿãˣƺǿ󰡣쳾ȵԼС˵
պ޺޵Ĳһ쳾Сţ쳾ĺУŭ˵˵ˣˣСĴͷ㣡
쳾֮󣬲һ뵽˴Ŀ£һ¡
Ǵĳͷ̫ˣãǧҪߴﰡȻҾͲˣ쳾һС˵
н㰡Ҫǽн㣬ҾͲߴˣһƵóѵӡ
쳾ָϵĳ鶯ϸ룬˵ýˣ
⻹࣬ٺ٣պٺٵЦǸϹ㣬ļﵽûѪûеĻǿɾˣ
º͵һЦУȻˣǺǣʹУҲԲǿƷõģǻǹԹԵĸ߰ɣ
˵ţһӣ쳾պȻãԼ嶯ˣǱԼһ
쳾ɥСˣҲˣȥһᱻƨƨģ
մ󷽵˵ʲôеĲƱȫøɾˣͲᱻˣٺ٣Ǽﵽʲô
ˣʲôʵ̲סˣҼʲôûˣȫߺùˣ
Сԭһ£˹ˣҲŲϡأߣҪˣ˵ţϾͿʼɢ˿˿֮
ոպԼĽ˺ԣûԼȫû뵽ӵϾȻɢ֮
ಡ
֮뵽Ⱥ֮Уǵµ˺ۣѪӿ
ǺӾϢѲѾǺӾˣȺ֮бһЩǺһصߣԼĻԪֲ֧ס֮
һǺӾ磬񲢲ԼģǱӲڣԱǵģ
ţһԼʮҵСкӰ쳾յĺ󱳳֣Į۾ǽɫͷɢŵâ۾ȻͬС͵ĸߺһ
ߺһģͬһģӿ̳һ
ߺǿ쿴Ǹߺǣǵã˫ǺɫģͷҲǺڰģôȻɫأ
ȻǸߺǣΪʲôϢ᲻һ͸ߺ֣ǣߺ֮дûгֹϢ
ǸĮС͸ߺ˵ˣЩۣǣȴСһ϶ˣǺˣҶҵĵܵã֪˭һȫң
֮У޾ɱ⣬ɱ⣬ܵĿռ俪ʼȶ
ԣѲɸߺʲôãҡҡͷȷ˲ǸߺΪߺʵǿ̫ˡ
˭Ҳ˵ӶԷĿУϢǺ͸ߺصϢ
С͵ĸߺȻϵˣǲߣߣССãҲ̫֪ˣȻȥǲˣ
Ǹ߼ҳӡҲʲô飬ͳűΪҵĵܵãȻĻҾͷȥĵΪƽأ
СССǲСҾ͵ҵĵΪƽأ⣬Ҳٿˣһ˵
֪Ǳ˭𣿲ܸɣǱ֮ˣȻȻ̧˳
ҵǺ֮һսأܵõģУ˵ţͶŸֻȥ
ʱ򣬸Ȼоʲôͷϲ׵Ϣ
ǣû˵꣬ӰͱһӶɢˡ
ϢܳʱˣǲǺڴߺԶٵߴţ֮ʱߺӰҲڳΦ֮ϡ
Ŷն쳾С˵
ԣ㿴ӣʹһģһǸװɣ쳾Ȼ
˫һԣӦһǸɣǸףҲǵģ
á쳾ֱտˣף
ߺһ£濴ȥȻ˿ܣڽ𣿡
쳾˵ͷû
ߺָ˭ҵĺӣû±Һ׵ģһĳƺ
˵꣬ߺźӣаְ֣


630 ƺ
ߺĹˣûߺƣУߺѾһˡ
ߺ΢΢һĨϤаЦڸߺϣûңТӣʵ˶٣
Сһ濩ֱЦǸףһģ͸糤һҲ˵һģһϴһĨЦ
ߺˣֱѪʲôⶥҲǻЦʲôЦУ˭ҵĺӣܹܲˣ״ңǸӵĶӣ
ߺʶĴĴô˸ߺأӵָ˸ߺһ£ĺӰ
ߺ˫۲죺ɣҵӣʹǳҲӦúҵĴһڼ֮ˣңǳ֮󣬶߰ӣôһأ
ߺڳԼǸߺˣСһϲʤ׷ڿնߺԱߣֱڸߺͷ
סСһͬ˵󿩿Ц
ߺȷСһϸܵףѪĸоǣЩȷϡ
ǽʲôĸ׷ֱ˭ߺʵ
ҽ쳾˾ͽ̣쳾һüҲ̫ˣ֮󣬾ܳȥˣ˫С㣡
պٺһЦףգ־ŮأңҿһĽأ
ߺŶСһôôĵӣȻԼңͲһ·ʲôΣ𣿡
ǲԼĺӣߺѾʮֵˣǾǰҪ֪ǾԲԼϷġ
ߺȵĽӴӼԼĻУҺúõĿҵ
üˣӣߺûдͬĽǰĽ̵ΪԼĳӣԺʲô飬ԼڼңͿˡ
ӣߺţ̵õġ
˵簮ĻôǽеϣǸӵˡ
ߺ֮ǲһЩˣӣҪˣ쳾ڸߺĻֵʱĺЩ̲סˡ
ߺ΢΢𣺡ôںѰܳʱ䣬ϣܹ˽ζԹû뵽㾹ȻĳϢˣܵ۸ҵĺˣ
ߺĻ۾һתԶԣûףϲ߾۸ǣ뽫еƿأ
쳾ҲΨ粻ңͷң˵ҪǼ켸ҹģԶأ
СһȻڸߺǰ˺״вϵ˵źĻңС
ǸˣСħԼҲһʱԼ군ˡ
ҺãСһƺûʲô˼⵹гһ
ߺ˫һû뵽㱰ɵ̶ֳˣӽ͵֪֪ʲôŰ
ߺ˵Ϊοû㣬ʹҵķ㶼򲻹˵ҵķˣڻû̽ߺʵ
ߺʵʹܹٵҲԲ̫졣
ǣ벻鷢ˣߺ˫ۿʼñ飬ǰʮӰӲϵ˸ʮ̷ʹڸߺǰ
ݼˣʮ̷ʹߺ֮󣬷׷׹¡
еķ缱ٵڸߺƮߺͷɫͷƮǣҴУҵĺҲǵҪǵǸұˣ
ǣµȲμλԸߺĻһ˿˼ûУѾ׵ĳߺˡ
ǣǸʮλúõˣɣҰǱȥ˵ţһУСһƮƮ䵽˼װϣʮ̷ʹҲŵĽСһﱣ
ôʱûˣԶ벻ʲôΪ˵ţڸߺϻǱǿĺ˲䣬ĺ򶼱ˣͬ棬쵽
ֻĺıȫ͸ɫ̺Ÿߺ֮ҲǸߺΪ˷ֹߡ
ԼʵߺڶǺΪûоȫһս죬ȫһս
ߺ⻰˵Щˣң»ǡ߾磬һ죬ôô졭
˵һ룬ߺϾͿʼɢϢϢܵʮֵǲߵľ硣
ֵĿŸߺѪˣû뵽ߺʵȻô죬Ȼھ͵־硣
ߺӰһѸٵĳںߣе˵Ǿͣʵһ£ʵʲôɣ
սˣһҪǵʵĻʵҪôһ֣˭ǿ˭
ߺ΢΢һЦָָϣڽӽĵطҵĿռ֮ͱȻܿͻţʹҲôҰɣ
һɸߺĻĻǼٵģĻǸߺʵҲ̫ˣҪ֪ߺĲֻǲһѡ
ǿɶǲ߶۷߰û뵽ȴڸߺϡ
桤£ţ˵㣬Ҫ͸ߺһս֤ߺαԡ
һɼΪǿʼϵߺϸǶȥܵĿռ䣬ʼϵɡ
ɵĿռ䣬ʧһɶûгֹ
Ȼôǿҵܲɣ˵ţߺһӣĺ˷ʼƾճ֣Щȥ
µı⣬ຮǿȻɲˣǱİں֮ڡ
ҿƬ򶼱סˣûзô춯ǣпûôˣⷽԲĿռ䣬ʼϵı飬ԲĿռ䣬ǳ˴Ŀռѷ졣
ǱĿռ䣬Ȼûһ˿ռˣȫıˡ
ܴ֮ʼطʼۼҲϵĿʼ޲Щռ䣬γһɼΪǿķ硣
̫죬ʼˣƬƬգʧһɶһˡ
Ǹߺ뺣أпʼΪǵ
ǲ뱻֮ͷǻȥĵطȥɣЩ־˵
ƻ̫أ֮ۼͻǣ޻֮գǵǰ֮
˵ʱߣҪȥҪĻĲˣΣգԶǿġ
½֮Уǿ۷壬棬ֻʳͶ˵ߣôĶ֪


631 «ư
ʲôߺĲˣΪʲôе˶֮ôĿ־壬ͬʱҲ⵽ǶôֲȻЩǶ֮
Ȼ뷨ߺȻͲᷴˣϾսĻԼĺӣҲյɡ
뵽⣬ߺһôɣӰĻĲôŰ
һЦν˵ıͶ֮ԣͲʲô㣬㲻룬ƬǸ߼ҵˣǱйȥˣ
˵꣬ȥзȥ˲ʧԭء
ߺ΢΢һ̣ʼסʧǣûȥӽĵط
ܲ죬ΪԷȷȥӽĵط
ҪԹԵģϰһͻˣ˵꣬ߺҲ˲ʧԭأзȥͻ񷣬˺֮ء
ðɣôھͿʼɣĺ֪ǰ˵ĽʬΣô鷨ߺ˵
һЦȻ֪ҾҪ㳢һ£桤֮У
ܾȻٵγһķУٵߺƶҲϵĿߺиȥһϢʼϵڸߺϳ֣һ˺ۣڸߺӿһ˿˿Ѫ
ֻǰͬǣϵƣʼѸٵĻָߺܹоԼ֮еһ˿˿ͬһ㣬Լ˿ڿʼоġ
ߺ忪ʼɢһĺܵķаΧУѸٵı桤Ա⣡
桤ĺ棡˵ƬһһģӺ֮£ϱҫĺһʮֵǣҲǳǿ
֮һˮˮ˵ûƽⲻߺ˵ٴεɣ֮
ЩʼĺȻٴνܵм俿£ߺ֪֮䣬ҪɱԷǺѵġ
ǣڵ߶۷սҲǲֲ٣ҪɱǣҪٵ
ԣߺûдȥǽԼ֮еȫͷųռ忪ʼԼۡ
һС͵ݣʼڸߺɣɢƬռ䲻ͬϢ
ռ壬Ȼ˿ռ䣬˽֮⣬ûκܹ۵ĳģ
˫֮бһɫŸߺпʼӿһ˿˿Ŀ־ĸоû뵽ߺȻ۳ռ塣
ߺҲǲ죬ڶϢˣùռ֮ĺ֪ôռ֮ԼĽһģ
ߺĬĬ뵽ռǺеںһ֮һԣߺһֱûа취Լ뵽ռ֮С
ҲǸߺڸо鷳飬ߺںȷ֮Уһڴ˿ռ
ǣ飬ֱѯʣһһʺϵķͲһܹʺԼ
ͳ׵ƬҵĿռ֮аɣߺ˵˵֮ûеȺӦͽԼеöռ
ߺǱһƬƬǹ⣬ȻԶȥεĺҪңΪոջûмԣ˺Ǹ˵Ƚϴ
ڵĺȫƣѪϵĴӿҪһ߿Լֿ֮ҵĿռϢһҪԼĲָ֮Լϵơ
ڵ͸ߺ˵ĿжûУӦЩҵĿռ֮뱬ը˵׷ߺˡ
ߺ΢΢𣬲Ϊܹתôʱ䣬ҪƴľһݣڱߺƳӣôء
ߺҳϣǳǿ󣬲ڵңƴˣҲҪ㸶һЩۣ
ݺݵڿռҵĵط˵֮бǿȻʼԼȫ֮Ըߺ˹
ܵϢһ±ĿհߺЩϢϢܵҿռ֮ȻߺԶԶģǱǿǿеΧ
һƬӿ˻Ĵ󺣣һ˵ߺȥǿȻӲĽߺǹ״̬£Ӳıȳ
ߺдһæ̧ͷԷ漴ǿʼɢ΢ЦȻܲĺǿʵɣҲȫ
˵֮󣬸ߺ֮ϣȻһǸߺ֮֮ŵ
ڣߺǿˣҲڿԷӳԼˣοȫԹɵġ
ߺɹΪ֮֮еȴǻȪͼ֮еǿȫ˵֮ǰҪǿ
ԣߺȫͷųˣڿвϵŤԼ޴壬ǱȻаɵĴЦ˲ͽԷסˣҲϵԼ塣
䡭
ѾĻŪ֮֮£ɢΪǹ⣬Ȼ鿪
ߺЦҪл㣬Ҹܵ˵ʵڵģ㲢ûҵǿΪ㲻ҵĶ֣ȻҲô׾ɱ㣬ǺڰɣǸʱ㽫ҺݺݵĲڽ£
˵֮󣬸ߺٴ׹ȥ۾֮һƬݣããߺƣȵҳȥ֮գȫɥ֮ʱ
ߺûµĺݻǵƮȥβڸߺĽ£񱣻Ÿߺһ㣬Ÿߺ壬׹ȥ
ڸߺ˵Ͳʲôοֲߣӵһ˿ռ֮Ͳں֮ɵĶԣߺȻһ·ģ˴ϡ
ס
ߺȥߺֺǺǵĽ֮һѱסôˣҵıŮߺǷཱུСֺǺǵ˵
ʮ̷ʹ۸ңǾȻȻ
˵պȻ˵ˣȻ룬ֳȭƣǾȻҪҺСܶ󺣣
ջͷݺݵĿ쳾˵Բ԰СܣҼǵøո
ǵģû˵̫ˣ⼸һ̫ɺˣһҪϳͣ쳾֮һ飬ɫ
ߺһЦ龫ϰֶƭʮһǾԲΥҵģѾ׳ˣ
ðɣģף˵Ļ꺣֮һرܴܲǽȥ氡


632 ̥
ĵ˵ߺЦЦνֻҪ㿪ģͿˣ
쳾Լ֣ӻԾıףҲҪҲҪ
ߺĵ˵ͷ漴ɫתûв´Ļ뽫ҵҵУȡɣ
ߺˣɲ˵Ĵû뷨أǸһæڷ
֪˸ߺոΪСһߺȻھͶԺƣ֪Щ£ûлϣˡ
ߺ΢΢𣺡𣬵һ̷ʹ֪飬˵ҲǺúõķʡһ£
һ̷ʹ߳ǣˣΪ̷ʹǵҪְ𣬾Ǵ˵ĿУУһ˵Ϣԣոգ֮ϵ˶еĿ죬֣ϵ˴󲿷ֶλĻ죬
˵ţʮ̷ʹҲǸһָ˴˵
ոһԼҿûнλңȻ׬ǮҲû
ߺһЦԭǲңΪ뷨ǵиͲò
ߺһԲĺͿʼˣߺ߿ʼۣںϾȻ۳һ޴ı
ߺ֮ϵСȻڱȽ޴󣬵ǣ˵ȴԶԶԱġ
ǣ֮п̺Ÿߺ֮ԣߵ֮ԸҴϵˣҲСһѡ
ߺĻ꺣֮пʼɢһС͵Ĵ֮ڿпʼ󣬱˷ԲǧɵĴС
е˶ǣʲôϢ
ᵽǵôֻҪ֮ŪصǵУпЩսǵУ

ŴϣЩ̰Ŀ⣬ߺҡҡͷƾǣأǲ̫ˣǻΪǵɣ
˵ţߺһԼСһͿٵСȥ
ʮ̷ʹǾ͸棬ЩǿߵɣҪǱ֤ﲻκһڴ߳ȥ
˵꣬ߺʧ档
ڴ֮֮УСһΪеۣ̫̾ˣԶ
׳հϰֵĻ꺣֮Уڻ꺣֮УָоҪж£ܹϰֵͺˣϰֵӺ
õĴǺÌţǺ

ߺԼ̸Щܲסˣⶼʲôʲôһ䣬Ìһ仰ء
Сһ̫ʵˣ治֪ԼĴôܽǵģң˾ͽŮˣѵͲܹ
Сһûзߺ޶ãͱǰǸ˾ˡǰվŵǸŮˣС΢¡塣
ڸߺ;УСȻʼĳɳǸϢҲԽԽǿˡ
ϰ֣㲻뿪Ů˰ɣ쳾㴷ص˵
쳾һ£㶮ʲôϰһôˣ䣬ˣ֣Ů˵ɱ֡
ߺҳȥһ£Ȼٽ
ʱյһ仰ȴøߺͣס
ˣСܣĽ㣬ԼСɵ֣ɰĶĶ˵
ÿɰСѾͷ忴ۣɰӣ̲סһ±ǵյС
ҲʮֵĿã
СһôôأҪн㣬Ҳףɫε˵
ſɰСǣĶ֮УȷҵĵܵܰոҺ˵أ
ʲô˵ˣСã˵ѻҪƨƨŶ忪Ц
ߺæԼСһԣûɣĿǸСһԻ
쳾˵ͷûңСĶ棬飬ǧҪС˵ٺ٣ܣҸСԼˣֻϰ˵Ŷ
ߺҡͷͷĺܲ˼飡ҸоǲţСһ̫ˣͲţ
ףҪǣ쳾ߺߵ˵
ߺҡҡͷǣ׶ȻĻǲСģ
ﻹںĵ𾢣оҲȽϺ棬С޼ֱ̫ɰˣཱུģ˱᲻÷¡
ߺε˵˵ȻСޣһǵʵǷǳǿģƲ೤ʱ׷ˣ
忴ߺñޱȣûʲô飬Ͽȥ
쳾ǿɰģСһҲʮֵĿɰ㱧
쳾ٵԱߣɰĽһС裡
һȥɣ˲䱬ˣ쳾˵ҲеضˣЩ޷ܡ
ߺЩˣʲôʲôСѾͷôɰʹףҲûʲô飬ǣ쳾һСͱˡ
ء쳾óԼǾװԶɰСϳˮ
ðɣðɣСܵܣˣҲرϲ㣬㱧㣡屻СһĿ޵Ķˣĸģ쳾˵
쳾ôɥСԣС裬ոŵ쳾ˣ쳾С鱻ŵˣ
Сһǣĸͽ㣬㣬ǽеƿ㣬ѪŶ
޳ĻУЦ
ǣûʲô𣬸ߺЦЦ֪Сһƭ˵ģôܻС
ʲô㣬ȻϵϢǣΪͽ㣬ֻһƿ̣ƭӡ
ǱߵǸ쵰˵ûǾƭӣǸţǸͳˣộ
ǻ쵰ǵİְ֣ңͶƿôȤ𣿡
ϰֿ۸谡
Ҳƭ˰ְְ˵ǸͲˣϣǵĳء

ڸߺ֮һ㣬ּңͬ쳾˵ģ˫̥һһŮ
ҿߺǲߵľ磬Զɢ˵˵ĻʮֶС
ԱҿûвϣǾʹ˱𣬸ո˵ʲôǵûкǸӽӴ
ߺɵĵ˵ߺæ˵
쵰˵ʲôأҾ㣬̫ǽ̻ģŭ˵
ߺ֪ʵ岢֪ı飬ԣûнʲô
ԱǾȴǵСһ¸飬Уˣߺ֪Լֻ岻ѡ


633 ߻ع
ߺ˲棬ȻԼûдñӣңĶ֮У˫̥쳣ˬ찡
ˣһУıҴȫУʮˣǣչ黹Ǳı
һ̷ʹߺǰĹȻ˵
ߺ˵ͷȻˣôǵҲӦñҵı˰ɣ
ǵģı׷ɱޣڶ̷ʹЩε˵ߺ֮תͷȥԼıƬ֮зڡ
һƬƬ飬֮ɢĺԹȸ֮ס֮ȥ
ߺһѸߺԱߣڸߺԱƼ˶ϵͷ­£˫֮Թ޵ĿŸߺ
ţԩȷв٣˵ȷһ֮ҵĻˣҪԼߺ˵
ո˵꣬ߺܿʼеĺΧܣĿʼΣһģΣγһΧŸߺСͱ
ʼֵıɵĳȣʼıͬĴС
Ȼǽںϵһںϳһ˲䱩ܵĺ˲סˡ
գߺ˵ʼı㵽ԭСΧڸߺܣĻɺڸߺ֮ϡ
ߺһ²ӣţ治أЩأ
ǣ̷֮ɣҪ·ˣߺ˵һ֣ʮ˾ͱߺĺΧסˣ˲ʧԭء
ߺһ£ȻԭʧҲʼ𵭵ǹ⣬ߺ屻ǹ⸲š
忪ʼڿмٵķУɽ㣬ܣô򵥴ֱֱӴȥߺٶڷǳĿ졣
ڼµ֮Ϊ֮£˲Ϣԭüµ·̣ߺֻ죬͸ϵ˲
ڲ֮УǿǺ۷ߣţߵߣѲʲô
ߺ弸˲䵽˵ϣһ㽫һץС
ڸʲôߺĿʵ
˸оԼȫıסˣԼʩչԼǣЩץסԼ˾Ȼȫûá
ߺоԷѵˣǣڵĸߺЩֱͬСһûа취Լѡ
˵Լвˡ
㵽˭ΪʲôҪץңѲɣľ裿Է˵嶼ʼĲ
裡ߺ˵ˣΪʲô
˵Ϊ˭ʶΪʲôҪ˵Ȼ㲻ΪʲôҪ
Ǹ˸ո˵һ룬ͷĺΪߺϵ˼֣ʹĲϵİ
Լȫߺѹסˣͷ·ԼһͨˣǸ߸ϵǺӾߡ
˵赽ôˣΪʲô壬Уǵʲôߺ˼֡
˼֣ϵҲ˼ַ֣ĺ
ԭЩһֱûжΪѰɢڴ½ϵİ˲ǣڳϻϣȻ෴ΪЩȥģѾȥˣβôøǿİ취Щ꣬̽ԾΪѰʧİ˲
ߺĵԲԼ˫ۣ˵˲ѾĲ㣬ֻĲѲɣǼһƭң
󣬸ߺ˫һУֵ˿ǣסǸӣ˵ڵ㣬ҪߣֻҪشҵĻɣ
ôߺĻЦ㶼ſˣôܻģ˵ţӰȻʲķεȥһ
ΪߺֻǵһЦƾ㣬ôӵùҵצ
ߺһͳǸ˵ǰĵڶԷĶͷ֮ϣԵķ̽˱סٴε˲⡣
ԷӵȪһƵģ䣬ɫףܵеĴˡ
ûиңѰʲôأȥǲЩ̫ҿˣߺڵ˵
ƾ㣬ҪסңҪɱ㣬ɱ㡭ԷԱոǺ֮еĻþ̼Щˡ
ǿֲĳֻʣ˰壬һһɫȪˮϿղϵ߶Ȼסζ
ֲֿĳҲ뿴ˣЩڿвϵİڲϵĴ塣
桤ǳ֮
Ǹ̲סˣԼ˴Уռ俪ʼ˿˿ѣһǹӶԷ֮γɣǸߺʩչѩһ
ֻԷϵģȴǿԴʵǣǿ
ЩʼڶԷпʼΣһС͵һ㣬ʼϵıǿʼ÷Բ׵Ŀռ䣬ʼƬƬ䡣
ǣȻ֮䣬ԷеʧˣǸɢŵǳĹ򣬾ôƾʧˣתڸߺͷһףݺݵȥ
ߺһЦûзǴǳԼ֣ʱ򣬶ԷѾ˸ߺԶ
ǣߺֺܹ쳤һ㣬Ȼ˵ǰôһѽ֮ץסúߺԽԽ
ϵǿǳҲھߺԽԽڸߺͷϣȻһǿǳ֮Ǿеһ
һڽ֮ڿУȻĽ֮ȥûʲô仯»ɺڸߺ֮ϡ
ߺλͷţε֮ﲻ̣
˵ɣڵ㣬ʲôܹһһʩչֻҪܹʩչߺѾûжˣ˫һϵļӴһЩ
֮ҲӸߺ֮У뵽Է֮У֮׵ס꣬Ԫȵȣؽڣȵκйĵطʮֵܡ
ԷϵԼ壬ǣȴôˣֻǲϵĶԼ塣
˵գ㲻ΪһеһԱôͺúõĸ˵˵ߺ˵
˵Ϣ֮󣬸ߺڲôˣΪһǳߣ˵ŭϢ
ߺٵطȥڿеʱ򣬸ߺ˫۱һ˿˿ɱ⣬ոյϢ
ڼǰų򣬲ߣԶ߼һһȻĻն⡣
Ȼͱչˣ󲿷ֵȻ⣬ȴΥ
ǣ߳ǾͷǿµߣǿԴߺģͻкཱܶ
Ƕ֪ߺѾΪˣԣǺ۷ߣж


634 ľ
ȻȥɧҵļˣҿԼʱ̫ˣߺеٶԽԽ죬ȴҲϵ˼
ȻųЩң˵ųЩ֮ͱչˣһµӡ
ߺиܵһ˿ѰǰĻҪԼ죬ߵʱ򣬶Բ˱ս鷳ǰȥԼ
ǣԼɹΪ𾳽ˣ̬ȶԴԼԼһʲô飬ѡ
ʲôأߺڸٵķ֮Уȴڲϵ˼֮УѾԽԽӽѩˡ
֣ѩ֮УźܴңǳĶ࣬Ǳĸܶ˵İΧǣŰΧ

ףЩ˼ֱ̫ǿˣǸͲǶְո꽣ֽ񽣾죬ҪͻƳȥߺţǣǾȻеһˣһоʹˣ˻վңң̫֮ϣƽģ
Ļʹ֮ϣ֣ڸԼĸ̸֣ڵֽ뽣죬ѾɹͻƵǺӾ硣
֤˵ʵȸߺܶ࣬ǣЩˣȫЩߣȫǲȫǺӾ۷ߡ
նأıչؽ𣿡֣帧˸ԼĶͷоʮֵͷʹӼǰʼͱˣû˿ԴҲû˴
ҪĿ꣬е˽߼ҵ˽ǵУΪչ֮ҪǵʱźȻ
ǾǣֻҪ߼ҵ˲κ˶Թ˭ǹǾΪС
˵ǻûȫֻֿȴš
ףܵûгأڵ֪Ѿʲôˣ֣Щε˵
֣˫һУȥôѩͻһЩߣûʲôǣкܶûΪģһ죬ʳþȫǵİն
Ҫô죿ҪҪǽ߼ҵġ֣Ҳһ˿ɬǣɽ֮ףңȫǵİա
֣ո˵ڵʱһӻʹĴ洫˽ҿ˭ң
ȣͬһ㣬иоʮֵĲ·ֱӺ˵Уѡ
Ӱڴ֮⣬һ֣գɫף˫֮УŴǧ硣
֣еֶ̫ǿЩȥˣΪǺǿ
ֻǿ֣յ˫һۣ͸оԼһƬʹ֮Уʹûɫǿɵģ֪һƬʲô֮оǿ
ʵ۵·վ߿ƯӴʹ֮Уǻʹ֮УȴŽ⣬ɽ棬ĳ񣬲˵½ˣڵϹš
Ǹ߸ϵĻʵۣƿÿһ˵ˡ
ÿһ˵ˣԼţܣԼаٸŻƽɫս׵ĻƽΧ
Щƽÿһ˾Ȼǲߵľ硣
еϣеĹһ˵֮У½ܹõͳһʲôҶԸܣ
֣˫ã˵ȻӯҵĿ꣬İգܹҸˣܸս֮ˣ
ǣͷʱһ޴Ӱڵ֮ǸӰðŵ͸ɫϢ
ǸӰʮֵľ޴أ̤أͷ죬ֻ֣ա

֣ĺЩеˣʵ֮Ĥݣ񣬺Ψһ
ôˣ֣˫֮峺ûԷĻþ֮С
С壬ķƿջ֮壬ȻǿޱȣҺλףл֮ıûܵĻþ
ʱ򣬸ߺȴֻ֮ڵߺӵۣ˵Ҳӵ޼ɵ
ʲô˽þոֻʩչһ۲һҸδѣǷƿջ֮ǿ
֣յĿ˵ǣ漴ҡ˼£ͺҪεƵġ
ϧܹʹߵ֣մϢ˵
ǸߺٴߵǾͲٿˣǰոոǵ뷨ң͸ûдڵıҪˣ
˵ѩСү˵⻰ʲô˼ѲɣҪΥ㸸׵ԸҪ֪һֲǴӦǣȫҵģң߼еĺˣ췴
֣嵭ĿڵǸСӰҲڸǵǰǵǰվһСĸߺ
˫ĿǣüޣƤ𪣬̵ıݰףֱһԵ˧磬ټԲĻɫͷϬ˫
֣յ˵ˣСֶҶǼ뷨ҲеԲ𺮸磬ǣ㲻ôȫΥ˺뷨ĸ֮𣿡
СǸߺĳӡ룬ڵȻʮˣû̫
ǣʵͻͽڵĽֽڣȫĶ֣ڵѾǺӾˡ
㣬ڵŵսѥǺɫ磬ͷɫͷȫɢ棬ҷǳ
ǣҸߵʱ˵ߺ󣬼˾ұˣҲҵĸף֮˶Ȼת塣
˫ֱ֣գ̧ͷ˵Ŀһб޾â֣յ˫۶΢΢ʹ
ұ֤ԲὫǸ߼ҽȥģĻл֣˵
˵ͷǸ׵ֵܣΪֶ㣬Уһ䣬ұչظӦҵܵõʱ򣬸Ӧ˸׵ϢţϾͻˣ
ܵöʧˣ֣ղ˵նôˣΪʲôܶ
ˣȻĻ䣬ѾǷǱȳˣǣϾҲֻһӣ׽ûаãҲίġ
ҵĵܵúȻ߶Գȥǰ쵰ҸȥˣССõʧҲȥˣΪӵңһҪڼиο˱˵꣬ϣûʲôΣգ
˵֮׵תˣС壬صס
֣ЩпڳˣһöӰû뵽ϧôС飬ҪҪһУ
֣תͷĿԼǼİеĸףֵܣıˣѲɣˣǺĿɽ˭𣿲ԼǺ磡


635 ı
֣תˣֻ´֮ϣǱ֣յĻˡ
˵Ļʮֵ𺳣ÿһ˶ʮִ𺳡
֣˵û֣ҵɽǸ߼ҵĸߺǸ߼ҷꡣʱ˵ûиߺǸߺӣܹȫѩ
ңңеǿߣǸ߼ҼʵӵߣֻҪ߼ҷˮǻᱣ֣ңһ췴Ͳˡ
֪Ը߼Ҳ²ȥ֣ھߺһ죬޾ͽλת㡣ԶҪԸ߼κ˺뷨
˵֣꣬ɫ˼֣˻֣㡭ȥɣޡΪúõľһ
֣ɫһ䣺£
֣ǣһ˿΢ЦӣҸװɣܾûĳƺˡ
ס֣Ѿˣ󣬻޾̾Ϣת뿪˻ʹ뿪ŵһ̣֣Ȼ˵һ䡣
Ȩ˸ӣǧҪңΪ飬Զ޼۵ģУ߿նΪԲԲһƬģԲԼΪȥôһԮûиߺڵ֣Ѿˣ
֣ûֱӻشֻڵǹϽһ̣ȴķģҪӸ׵ĻһȨ港ˡ
֮һǰĹȥ̫ӵ£кܶ฻ѾܲסֱڱĸоˣҪ󣬻ܽ߼ҽȥǲҪʾһ±£
֣վֱԼ壬ɫ䵭˵Щ˵ģ
кܶ࣬ǻҵʵ֧ߣСǡ˵ǸЩɣ˵ȥ
֣ûһ˿仯˵
˵ܶƷѾʼȱˣǻʼҾ֧󣬻ָ֧ߺֻҪ֧Ǿͻȫò֧ǻң
֣֮£ǸʿڽԼ֪ȫ˵˳ǣȴֻ֣費мһЦ
ף˵仰ģȫɱɾһʣ
֣˫֮Уһ˿˿ɫ߼ңԶǻҵһӣ˵ʹûлʼңҲԲûи߼ң
ʲôҾܾ֪ʵжǿʢ𣿡ǸȻ̧ͷ֣˫𾴣ǳɱ
֣תͷ˫һУļϸ
̫ӵ£Ȱ㻹ǲҪ˵ôֻΪǺã󣬿Ǳ鲼ÿһǶǵԵĻңûһԴڵʱ䳤ģ
ǸվĶ֣˵
֮еǾǺӾ۷ߣǿԺǿ㿪ֻҪ߼նǽ˵ɣ
֣תͷ޳ܵСˣԭҲôıɣȥɣ
˵ţ֣һһǹУǸһʹȥǣǸļϸȴѸٵıһ֣ͷȥ
ৡ
һǸ˳ǹ˲ڣڵ֣Ҳֻ龳ߣԷǳߣͲһ׶ϡ
صĺ֣ЦһȻȥײˣֱӷ֮ϣĴضײĿʼѷ졣
ǸгűУ̧˽ȥٽָ֣壺ҵĻʵۣϣţڸոձ˵ĻҲˣ
֣嵭վôĵӣŸո˵ĻҲȫˣ
ǰǱ㣬Լ߼ҵģǣƫƫԸ⣡ֻҴˣǸЦһ£ϣܹϡ
˵ţѾߵ˵֣ǰˣָ֣Ĳӣ㲻ĽӰ˾ôȥĻ
˵Ļӽ֮󣬾ҵָҲĵģˣ£֣嵭˵

һ´ӿܶˣ׷׵óԼıУֻǵıȴȫָ֣֣衣
ûȷİգһôڣ֧ߺ⣬ƾĶӣΪܹ̫ķˣЩҵˣ
֣ɫ׷ǲҵһЦ˵ˣңʹûлʼңҲԲûи߼ңǲҵ꣬ǰı

Ŷҵǲ֪ûҸڣܷܲķˣǣҸоԸǣԼһ㹻ˣʱһСӰڴ֮С
е²һ˿˿ϢܵĿռ佥ѷ졣
㲻𣿡Ǹ쿴֮̿ʼҵˣ˭֪ߺĴӣүһǿߡ
ñ׸̵ʱ䣬뵽ǺӾ磬ңʵǿг׵ơ
ڣ˵ҲֻиߺǼвˡ
ߺĳӡߺֵܣ쵼꽣ֽڣ񽣾죡
⣬߼֮ʲôǲ֪ǣ֪ڸ߼֮Уô򵥣Ϊ˺ԼϣǿһֱҪߺ˵
ʣ˸ߺһˣҲΪˣոտĳȥ֮󣬲ң֣ҲųȥŸҷġ
û뵽ȥңӡ
㷢ϢǸĳæС֣
ո˵꣬һĿЦƬúŶû뵽֮󣬷ô鷢ˣ
԰㣬СãСͷȥһôأҲôˣ
˵嶼һ£˫ۿʼͣתʮֵļСһȻΥҳȥúúõ游״˹ܽһˣ
ȥϴ𼤶ģǸ㽫˭ˣĻ쳾һ
˵˭ĻԼĸ׸ߺҲԼĸ˾ͽ̣Լ硣
׻˵縸ߺûڵʱ䣬ǶǹģԣĻǱȽġ
ȻҲڱȽѣ˵һ첻ǻͻܣ˵һ첻Ϸߡ
СһĿʼˣһǽʹƬ
ţһ廨Ӱ˲䱻ͶʹĴ֮ϡ
СɵӰʼˣǵĺ棬һðźɫϢ˧š
˵ҲǵģƬƬҪСһｻңǸַͷε˵
СһڸոذǸӰϣˣˣǰɣңǻ˴󹦣


636 ׷׳
ǡССãôİǳʲô飬ô͸׽˫֮У·˸Ǵſǻġ
Сһ￴ˣҿθˣû뵽ѴˣҸо군ˣ
쳾Ļȥ𽫴忪ˣ
ƾʲôңҪҵƨɣô緢йҲŲҪ쳾̷ԡ
ʱںǸɫ˧˵ˣŶŶŶǣ룬ֶұ
˵ţſ۰뱧ȥ
ͷֻһеĶ㿪Ǹһܱ
˭ΪʲôҪ㱧ɫ䣬˵գ쳾һǺúõĽһ£
ҪѴ磬ǲǲ˵㰡㻹ûʹ׵أ̷ԣҶԶԶġ
쳾ҲһǣڸǴ󹦳Ŷһǵģ
ʼǡСһˣ
죬ľʵ̫ˣǵܵԼˣȻǾȻ˵˸ס
쳾һ̣ȻȻĻǰĽ壡
Ǹðźӣͷ᣺˵Сһô˵Ҳǵ壬ƺңĺ𣿡
ǹ壬㵽˭ǲ˵ĻıҲˣ˫һϿʼһɫĸֱַߣһЩûпı档
·һƬ磬ͬĿռ䡣
Сһ򰡣أڲǸʱ򣬶ңڵ㣬ʹǸҴҲ򲻹Ұ
ǸðźɫϢæ˰Լ֣ôʶңҺ㸸ʶʱһԹ⣬ȻҪڳԣ׶ʶĸأ
Բ𣬶˵ĻĲͬ˭ܱ֤ƭҵĵܵõģ˫һĹâ
һЩ飬һǱȽԼۿģ˵꣬Ҫˡ
ǸҲ̫Ըæ֣ཡͣðɣ˵ֽӦø˵һ֮ϵߣɣ
˵ͷûô˵񣬻ʲôģı塭ʲôѲǾӣ
ӦóƺΪ˵ҪԸ߼ңҿҲˣһˣû뵽·ߺͱˣ
һԭɫĽ߰
ۡоԼͺҪѪһ㣬涼ʲôʲôĸһеġ
ǵãոռߺʱ򣬸ߺͺȻôһ䣬ȻСҲԼôС
ߺĴģôԼеˡ
ȷ㸸׵֣һеģ˵ҲһζģЩϸ΢Ķ飬ͬΨвͬľǽɫ˫ͻɫͷˣ
ЩпڸоԼҪˣôһå֪ͥԼˣԼĲأ
֪Ľ֪֪ҵĸȥأܶѰΣգе˵
۾һתʹҵ㸸ףأΪҶ򲻹
˵Ҫ͸ײսҪͷĴ˾˵˵
һЦ漴Щʧ䣺ڵ㣬»ûеܹ㸸׵Ĳϣ˵ˡİ
ܹ𣿡Ȼʵҿ԰㣬ֻҪܰҽ߼ҵΣҸ׻úøлģ
һЦҲ̫˰ɣȻ뺮治࣬ǣȴΪˣ£輴ʹƴҲҪϧ
û˵꣬һȺ˾ͳſڣʮɢײϢں棬ǰŸǺӾ۷ߡ
ҾǣǸϿ߰ɣҪ֪ˣƢɲǺܺõģʱһĶС
С壡˫һ濴ȥ
һСӰӺ濪ʼϵϴڣոҺ˵һ˿˵ϢǣΪʲôо̫Ծأ
ʱ򣬻ıĵļϣˣҡף䰫ˣҲ˺ܶడңͷɫԣҲĸоҿ˭
˵񡭡Ŀŵʮ̷ʹҲС֣ŽΧ
С壬㲻Һսһ°ɣ֮Уɢһ˿˿Ϣ
СȻˣֻ۾͹ȥôˣ˳ĺ񰡣
ʮ̷ʹҲ֪룬С˵˵ĳӣ
µȣμ
һЩСϢʮֵ𺳣С壬㣬ѾǺӾ۷ˣңЩˡҲǺ۷徳磡
С˵ǣҲ˭Щ㸸׵ŶУô飬ΪʲôѩûʲôѲɲ֪˵Ƣ𣿡
˵СѾûиոյĵˣ˵
ЩЦ˵ѩ̣үүСṴ̋ȫǸ׵ͣǣûмܹĶǣʹҵĻǶģ
С˳˼ǣǻһ𣿡
ʱ򣬸׵Ȼ˵Ǳչأ󣬾Ҳûгǽеʱ򣬷вûκεӰ͵
ţˣȲ˵ЩˣܵȫɾСȻܳڿб仯Լ״
ģһֻߴ࣬ѩ׵ľȮڿУɢŵĻɫĺ
ɺֵһɲǣһֲӰ˲Լ˫Žӣһɹǿɢ
һƬŨصѪѪȣȾƬ񷣬ţһƬѪŷڽţĻ
Ƭ񼸺˲СԣĿС
ѩСš
Сŵ˳Ӱ棬ȻаβڲסҡΣÿһλζһֻɢ
ɢŨضɱѩϣֱѪ
С㲻ǸȥΪʲôǲ˳ʲôˣС˫ɱ⡣
βһζƬ綼ΧסˣСҲ·ҪǸԨ
𡭡СбŭһƬĿбȥƬõ磬ȫסȻѡ
СŹʱһŸѪƵĵǰŨصѪȣСİס
˵أѩ˵
СٺһЦ˰
ǵĺ棬һƬƬߵӰʼڿи֣ɢǿϢܽѩһ˲ͻƬ


637 ҵı
룬ǲ˵˰ɣС¶һ˿аЦݣϵĺϵɢѩİС
ѩֻĻӶһеа죬ɺɫĵγɣȻܿĽǺɢ
ճꪣڿл˼£ռ̳ѺۣȻᱳүǣֻүһ˵
СһȺɵһżˣѲˣС𣿡Сָ˵
Ȼǣǣߵʱ򣬲û˵ҪС˵ֻ˵Ҫȫ߼ңڣߺûκ飬һ飬ǻǺĪ
СŻζԼǺ壬˵
ЩߣڸߺΪ߾ˣҲŵõ˺ܶôϾǵĻ꺣֮Ÿߺ걾Դ
ڣ֮ҲǺӾ磬ûн뵽𾳽ˣԶ֪𾳽굽ǿʲôز
ڣǵΪţȻǣǳʵȻǵҲǺ۷ľ硣
񣬸ߺΪԷʱԼ٣ֻûϺõĻ
һԷĻֱǸߺԱģңߺֵķ֣Щ֮꣬ƺЩƽˡ
ԭʹǸߺʣҪ뵽ǺӾ磬ҲҪѺܳʱ䡣
ǣЩ꣬صǷ˲˼ı仯룬ЩںǴ㣬ߺͿԿ
ڵĸߺǲ߼ңɼΪոջصԶĵطоһָоԼ֮ˡ
֮ͨǣ֮۶ɵġ
Ȼڸߺʵܿ죬ǣ½֮ȣ΢ġ
ԣҴСȻȻʧĿУߵʱԼͷ˳ȻСʮ̷ʹ
ȥ߼ңﲻ֪νߣĸоԼĺڡ
ڸߺСȻˣľѩ񣬻Сš
ںЩߣǲôĵģȻЩ֮ҲһЩǿߣǣ˵ûκвʱ
ֻһȺżѣ⼸ͲͬˣСȻɸߺˣǣϾǿһ
ѩ͸˵ˣΪѪΨһˣа̳ߣʵԴĦ
ˣȻǰΪٶʮֵǣߺߵʱ򣬸ϣңõģټЩڷܣڸߺʣȻǺǿˡ
˵ǻӣڴ֮ǰӦñʾһ°ɣô֪˵ǲģѩڿ˵ˡ
ҲϣΥߺֻҪ֤ѡ
СεЦЦǰܸˣðɣ˵ȷϵķԣߵʱһӰ
˵꣬Сʼɢϣһɫķ˿Ʈ
˵ûң֮ѲɣѾ־ˣСɻʵ
Ǹߺ걾ԴշģԶڸߺ֮ҲǳϤɫķ˿ϣ̺Ÿߺ֮
ңоȻһ˿ɢ
ҪԼʱԼ˵ˣڣֻҪεСмһ˵
Ǹɫķ˿ƯڰУȻһӰʼΣ濴ּ
Ҹ߼ǿոЩˣ૵еӰεʱ˫Ѿˮڴתˣס
ûһѩɫ۵ĸߺվڿУ˫Įɫķ˿Ʈš
ǣţֻµһӰѣǣǲܵļһɱɾлɣ
ߺֱӣˣеȻֱԼͬǣˣ
ѩеĵỬռ俪ʼһƬƬŨصѪЩѪ֮еĶģʼѣѪƬѪΪƬѪ
˻ع黹ж೤ʱ䣡ѩɱȻʵ
Сվʼ򣺡ҾͲ֪ˣҲʮ£Ҳпһ̣
ɶʱ䲻ˣɱѩȻɫͷʼѪɫгɺɫĹâ
ѩ׵ֱϣʼһѪȵ·Щ·쵶ϵ·ȻͬѩɢźɫɺɫĹâȥ
һƬƬѪܷԲɿʼγɣѩǱѪΧסһ
ৡոյ棬ѩͻӶԼĵ䣬Щ˻ûзӦͷ׷ױһ߾ߵĸʬֻʣ국Ʈ
ǣոƮ壬͸оԼ뵽һƬﻨ磬漴г˯ȥȻǵҲõ˯ȥˡ
СŵڿֲĻþ֮Ун䱸ǣĻþ˵ͻԼеķҲϵ
ڻþ֮гʱҲǵĻܵݻٵʱ
ǼֱӴֱˣһһеĳꪣ»ûԻأοˬˡ
еĳꪱѪɫģڼɺѪ֮ɢһĹâ
СҡҡͷЩ˼ֱ̫ˣҲǺϲʮ̷ʹ˵棬кܶĶǰſܣңոǸĳϾȻҹǣ⳥㾫ʧѣ
ʮ̷ʹ֪С˵ʲôһǵˣǣ̷ʹˣ˵ʲôȥ
ȻǸ߸ϵˣǣɵŸʲôϰֳǺ۷ˣȥѩˣЩˣΪˣȥҳӣ
ǡѾģŪ
åһڿзУһֵĵ˭Ҳ֪СƢߺʱ䳤ˣϲå
ƬʼһƬ֮УȻЩͼԸ߼ҲˣЩеĸǽ֣գȫĻʼһ֮š
뱻Ѫţͣɱ¾ÿطʼΧ߼ҵҲûൽɣڵĸ߼ңѾǿֵزˣң
Ľ壬㲻ȥæ𣿡쳾С޻ЦĿҿ˰ɣ
˭ˣֻڹսѣм˵
һӵ񣺡СһΪʲôأҲһѣ
εҡҡͷת޾Ŀռ俴ȥкйĶһҪⳡϷ
˵ܽ;𣿡ԼĵܵòãΪ߼ҵĳӳ
ֻһ䣬Ծþд˵ĳ嶯
Ϊں˼֣Ľ壡


638 ֮
Ҳ֪ˣĵİЩûȺ쵰Կʱ
ߺڸոҪʱпʼһָоҪ˵飬ϿҪ˵һǣԼ
ԼĸоԴôһָо֮󣬸ߺæһ飬ոպС˵ʱ򣬾͸оԼ岻ܶˡ
˼άҲֹͣסˣͣһ̣˼άٴλָʱԼѾһƬ޵Ŀռˡ
ߺո˵ǸĵĻһ˵Ϳʼڿд˸ߺĶ֮С
İɣСһļ壬һǺչ˵ģ£Ҹʵûģ
ͻߺһ̵Լ壺ӣڱŻүүң
һ˵ߺһ߼ٵתԼ壬ҪпԷһ˿Ӱӣߺʧˣûп
Ǹٴ˵ˣСӣȻңڿԽ䣡
䣿ȥңȻôĿҽ½ǰֵǰ׺ߺ˵ΪѾˣû뵽С׼ˣôģ
ҿұ½
ߺƭӰҪ½ôӾǷߣ
㵽ôţڼǸЩˣû뵽Լôһ⣡
ߺνɼ򣺡ͽ͸ɣ
ţ顭
Ļû˵꣬ߺ˵Ҳţ
̲סˣֿڣЩôˣûôľ񣬼ֱβ
ߺԵãлл佱̫ˣһԶҪѧϰ
ˣǸӵͽҹҷǵɣǸε˵ڣǿʼ°ɣţ
ţѲɣ˵Ǹصڣߺ˵
ǸȴûлشߺӰڸߺǰеıоߺͷϿȥ
߾Ŀܣߺ˫һֻģҲ̫˰ɣ
ߺ˵кӿȻϿʼɢǹ⣺桤ѩ֮
˶ͣ˾ߺ˵壬Ǻûдǳ׵ĸӰ֮ϡ

ԷϿʼֿӰӾͳ׵ı
ǲҲ̫ˣߺ˵ֻȴ֪ո鲢򵥡
Ӱ壬֮ʲôûУǿĵģңûκԡ
ʲôľˮʲôɱ֮֮֮ǹ֮ʲôûУֻǵܶѡ
ʲô˼ɸĳߺ˵
ԷЦ۹۹
˵𣿻˵΢һҲðߺε˵ڵѾʼɶԷǲëˡ
Ͼһֱطôʱ䣬żһЩҲǺġ
ȿȣúã޹ؽҪԺ̸Ҹ㣬ոֻ֣ǲʲôԵĶѣʵҽ飬Խսⷽ濪ʼ⣡
ԷԼɤӣ˵侲ߺǲǸոǸ˷
˵ǰ㲻Ǿ֢ɣҩ𣿡
ġҳˣԷҲˣЦ
ߺָǷˣڣҸоǸ˵ҵɵǷǰ˲٣
ҪЩС⣡
С⣿Уụ֪̂ʧȥ̵ʹ࣡

⣡ߺڿһת£˵ǸӰ˲䱻
Ǹߺսĵʮżˣʼ֮ǰһˡ
һʼߺսǣͼżĸһģмģ߰˸۷ġ
ŸǶģڵʮǶн׵ģԣߺܹӦ
ֻɱĹ΢һ㣬ڸߺ۵ˡ
ΪӵʮʼԷˣңԷĴҲԷͬʮֵǿߺš
ʹˣҪսʤԷô򵥵ġ
ͣû뵽СӵǺǿǰǸýСеһƴˣԷͯġ
ߺԿ϶Էһǿǣû뵽ǳĺãߺѾˣ˼ҿģңȫ
ոգ˵ǽɣߺһߴһ߻ܣϧǰɵһƬۣ֮о֮ûˣƬռ䣬רŽǵĴڡ
СӣЦˣϴûģû֪Ҳֻȥģ
ʲô񣿡ߺ뿪Ц˵˵˵ɣ
ǣԷֻԳЦЦʲôֻҵԳƶѣûʲôҲֻһ߶ѣ
ô룬Һܸˣܲܿɣм°ߺ˵
Ŷ˵ҪͷǳǿĶսǺðɣԸԵհ汾ˣϣϲ
ߺɫףǰɣ磬˵˵ѣİ
ҵȻ棬ĲԣΪֹѾˣܹͻƲ߾֮󣬾ܹ̺߶սСӣǳȤýСӣҲǶ׶ѣѾ¼¼ˣԣսȥˣ
ߺ⣬һôȥɣ
ΪʲôҪȥԷ˵˵֮󣬾ȥ𣿡
ߺ᣺ӣƭң
ûûûֻҪһСæѣôԶûлģ飬ҲýСˣ˼Ҳһ˳ȥ
Էջߺһ꣬ջһ֪ꡣ
㵽Ҫʲôߺˣô⣬ߺҲˣ߲ˣ
ܵʼӿһӰʼΣɣͷ󶵣ʮֵȳƣ˿Է׳ֻǳɱĳɳ˶ѡ
Էò˵ʮֵ˧͸ߺѷֲ֮䣬һ
áҾƬ½ˣҲƬˣ˳֮˱˫֣΢ЦĶԸߺ˵
ߺ˵㳤ĺø߰ǳʲôģ㲻ǻΰ
⡭֮ЩΣܿĸߺ˵Ӵû˼εļһӾʹûô⣡
Ŷûʲô⣡ߺ˵ͷԳƬˣʲô֤ûز֤ôһ֤һĻǲģ


639 ħϮв
ЩûУһǿ֤ˣԷǺ˵˿ûеߺһЦ
ߺԷô棬ҲĿŶԷУʲôʲô֤
˵˵ŻͻȻоԼǲܶˣԼôŤԼҲ˿Ķ
ߺһŶԷԽԽȻԼȭͷߺͷϺݺݵôһ¡
֣˿ȻӸߺΣֱӽ뵽ߺ֮Уǣûвʲô˺ֻߺ꼱ʹһ
ô˰ɣԷĵЦ
ߺ˵ͷԼͷлεأǣû뵽ԷֻǵЦЦһӣߺ͸оʹˡ
㲻ʲô˰ɣߺ䱸ĿŶԷ֮εҡҡͷӲɽҲ
ߺҲܿķǽ
СӵĵӵǲС֪ˣȻ˵ĻҺ֮ĿŸߺ
ߺҲ˵ͷҲˣڲõĽ罫ᱻƹܣ
˵ģô˵ǴӦˣߺĻԷȻ˫ֱĿŸߺߺһЩ˼ˡ
ҿֻôһ˵㲻İɣߺһµıƤ鿴֮
֮̾һģ뵱һƬһߣǸʱƬ绹ǿһҪƬ磬ΪԴȪ
ʱɣ綼ǿߣƬҲǿһƬ磬Ķˣ
û뵽جɲǼ併٣翪ʼѣǿսһƬƬ磬ʼ
磬磬Ҳڱ飬Ҳʱ򣬽֮ҵ磡
գҳɹˣǣƬҲĿ꣬Ѳǰľˣ
ߺĿŶԷû뵽ԷͰңģȻȵƬĻ
ģ̸̯ңðɣߺ֪Ƭ磬Ѿûʲôˣ̶ʧȥȤ
㲻׵ģ֮أԲô򵥵ģûǲƬ絽жǿҵҪǳ籾Դ֮ȵĿ𡣾ûп֮ܽ
ߺڮ٣Է̼ˣ˫ͨĿŸߺϵҡŸߺ塣
ߺϵĵͷúúãǶԵģǴģҡвҲУҸоҵͷˣ
֮Ӧ˹æߺ£ĵ˵Լ·ȿȣҪ֪Ƭ֮Уǿ磬Ȼǰģ
ߺȤˣ̳Ƭ磬Ƕ¸Ȥ
֮뵽֮ǰ˫Ŀ֮㽣磬˵ĶˣƬ֮УĴڣֻǽӽۼ֮ĵطˣȥͻᱻȥҲֻһ϶ѣ
ߺȥ¶Ĺ춮һЩ
֮ϿǿĪˣƬ񣬴ңң֮ء
޾棬ҲǴ·εģЩδ̽ǿգ֪˵һΪ硣
ո֮˵һģǵ磬ǸĽ׼ͬ
ҲͬߺģȫͬģǸطеصڡ
ڵĵϷΪĸǿǼ׵һǼǿһˣǼҵѪڻû˵ļ
֪ʲôʱʼԴӵееˣԴ֮⼫ȻˣѾռĵˡ
ǽЩ̵ĺɢΪԼĵ̣ԼѾʵˡ
ߺԼĻȪͼǣĴ֮Уǲбʲô簡磬ĸ֮µģʲôǿ磿
СӴȻ³˻ȪͼԴһɣȪͼǴӼڴڵǿ֮еĻȪ֮ɢġǵʲô뷨Բڵʵޣԣܺش㣡
ߺͷĺߣǣ֪װʲôаɵģҲ²ģ
żܻа취ģ˵ҵڣܴнȪأ˵ɣ
֮ڻû飺ͲҶ˵ˣ磬֮أңıԴ֮ǳǿģ
ܸң绹ӵж磬˵Ҫ೤ʱָܻԼ۷壡
ߺ˵ܲҰɣ֪ƬѾˣȴƬƬҪƬıԴֵ֮ǳ
˵ˣҲû취ĴʮֵΣգʵ棬кܶǿǵģȥýǸСӣ¶׶༪ˣ
֮ʹ˵ߺǲˣʲô˵ˣЩߣҪĿ꣬Ƭ磿
Ÿߺ֮صĵ˵ͷһɣ½Ѿħ˶ˣңֻǣԣΪ˲ƬıԴ֮ħ˵õ㻹˰ɣ
ҲŻôõ飬Լ˵ˣ㱣أ
ǣҲħĴأѾоЩħ彫жˣƬĴʱ٣Ǳȫݣһˣ
ΪʲôҪ˵أ
ǰħڣеĻħ֮һԲľ磬սʮߣȻսܣǣԿ׶ǿ󣡡
˵ħ壬ߺһˣǾڵصİܻɵǸħ塣
㵽׿ǵôˣʱ䲻ˣ֪ʲôʱʱһΪ˲Ƭþһ˿ָƬ磬ܵʲô̶ʲô̶ȰɣֻҪǵս˾ͺˣ
ߺ˫һУãӦ㣬ҿ˵ˣΪƬҵʵˣͻὫƬ紫ȥ
֮һЦţ㲻ᴫȥģΪƬ磬Ƭĺ֮һ˼磡
ߺɵɵ̧ͷܲܺڣ
ˣҪӦңʹв㣬ҲϧΪֲҶΰɣ½ٺЦ
ʲôвҵģ
Щ£ûҵİΪô㣬˲䳷֪ˣ᲻˲䱻ݻأ
֮Ǳɵ񣬸ߺһָݣ


640 ӽߵ
СӣҴӺܾ֮ǰͿʼעˣԴ㽫ҵ֮ҾͿʼĬĬĹעˣ֮
ߺ˫˵㲻ҪˣһͬģҾԲô
Ҷ㺦ʲô֮߰Ц
ߺҡͷİɣҸУҵżĿһֱ䣬ԶƯŮԣ
ٷϻˣ赽Ѳѣ֮ŭ
ߺĿ˶Էһۣ˵ƾȫҰæԼȫԸ㶨ҰΪʲôһҪգУΪëҪѿӣ
仰ոѾˣҲشˣ˵ˣһڵͳܲס̱ģУѿΪõĽⱾԴòãֻϸϸĸ򣬾ͻ֪еĺôˣ
ûؼѾôʱˣҺܲڵΪ˰ߺɥԼε˵
ģЩҶԼһ׽ģԲģ֮ûзƶᡣ
ߺԲε̬ȣҲ֮ŬԼҪܱ˳
ʵЩһֱʫ֮˵
ߺʲôϵУǸ㼢ʲиëĹϵ
ҰɻǰɣʫĲģ
ߺԼҡͷҵ˵һвУ۽ĩ࣬Ĵôᶮأ
֮ڶ׵ˣ⡭㡭㶼Ƿˣ˵Լ֪ȥѲɷҪһײ𣿡
˵ţ֮ҪѿӣǽӼ˻ҧأǰɣҸ㣬һϵˣôΣ
ססˣһֺʪУո𣿡ŶԷȻˣߺæֹԷ
ٶ˵ĳ棬ٿΪ
ҷȰ㣬겻֪ƿᰡߺ˵ֱ֮ӣϾͳɱˡ
ͣˣϴˣģҾԲ̼ˣߺԷڼȼյ£ֹ̾ͣסԼǺ׹ܾݵݵĿΪ
ߺڽԼϵ·ȫ£֮Ҳûͬߺ󣬶ʲôΪ
ֻǻӶһܣܵʼߺƶڸߺ֮ϣҿʼϵȥ
½ʼڸߺĻ꺣֮г֣ÿһطÿһطΣ˭ڶ٣ʲôķ
֮֮ΧסĵطڸߺĻ꺣֮ţߺΪҲڷٵ
ңߺڿռ˽⣬ҲԽԽ̣Ĵһɿռ壬ˡ
ջҲ̫ˣҲţһߺǺǣиоԼڵǰˡ
ҲϾڵĸߺյĿһƬıԴˣ͵ڸߺƬˡ
һˣ򣬲ڻ£ǣߺȻԿÿһ䣬ǣߺǴз˺ܶä
Щط֮ϣܶεţǸߺԿƴ󲿷ֵ֮ǲ㳹׵Ƴ
ߺ֪ЩطνԾżǵˣǷǳǿڵģ֮޷ĵط
ߺ꿪ʼٵΪҲǿٵ
֮ĻҲˣ𾳽ΪʮأǰأĲľ硣
ǣӵؿʼͱƺˣνĲߣ԰ߣǣȴܴ
ҲǴ֮Ǹģأǻ߾磬Ȼطۣسʥػ棬ؾؾǲ𾳽ǿˣҲ۷塪
˵ڲǰؾ绹˵һ㣬ǣߺصľ磬Ǿһһ۷壬һһ졣
һǾʹһأĺҲȫһˡ
һһ죬е˼˵ʵһ㣬ʵͻرҲ˵ÿһ㶼˵һѶȡ
ֻе֮󣬲ʵĲʱ֮䣬ͿԻһƬǿգһ̤һƬ硣
ǲǲ𾳽壬ߺڣֻǳŶѡ
ߺоԼڼٵܵĹҲԽԽ࣬ģӺڰɫĹΣһȻ󣬾ڰ׵ҲڽĿʼ
ȻεӣҲŸߺ꣬ڽ֮ǿľ磬Ҳǲľ硣
ߺڸо綼ԼߣֻҪԼһ֣ͿԻƬ֮еκεط
ǣߺ֪ⲢƬıԴãԼ֮á
ߺΪȻ˲𾳽ĵزΪ۷壬ǰһͿԵ߾硣
ʱ򣬸ߺΪ꣬ͬˣǣߺȴоԼϵѹûɣˡ
еһжϵʱ򣬸ߺԼ˫Ŀ棬Ȼһ徹ȻôֱվվǣܵһС
ҸоȻ˲٣еطҲ֪ǣҲ׵ǣΪʲôĶԴȴܹ磬ƭƭɣ
ߺ˫֮Уһ󺮹⣬֮ȥֻ֮ǵһЦ˵һ䣺ɢ
ߺĺâɢˣߺĲҲûκεá
һϢڵѾȫ֪ߵսʽˣֻҪһĹߺһĨаЦ³֡
ŶҪˣ֮Ц
ߺ˫һ֪ǴγŭΧʱֻȴԼһַ
пΪʲôôǿ󣬾ַͽӽԣҲǳĶࡣ
ڽ֮ҪľרĶԵУԼȥԵУ˵ʵͻԼı
ԣڻߵʱҲǳΪ֮ԼȨ
Ҿ֮ڶأ֮ߺոҪʩչͺȻЩԾܹĸоǲܺ
ߺɫһ䣺û뵽ôʹ㹥𣿡
ڸߺܹģ֮Ȼܹˣô죿
Υߣɱ⡣ߺ˫Į飬˵ʣͺ˵Էˮһ򵥡
֮̾һҲֻܹˣģȫıԴֻ֮еһ˿Ϊڵľ绹
ֻ㵽ľ֮󣬲һ籾Դ
˿Դ֮֮󣬾һԿף㹻ʱ򣬽ˣЩǱԴ֮Ҫȫ
ǧס磬ҪȻԶȥˣ
أߺʵ
֮ȻһЦڵңҲþԼһְ˰ɣø̣սȥ


641 ֮
ߺᶨĿ֮һۣܿ϶˵ʵҲģҸûҪ˵ħս
ȥҶ㳹ˣҪħռ籾ԴܹıԴһƬ˼ˣڸߺ˵֮ǳ׵ˡ
ǽأҲıԴ֮ǣΪʲôûгսߺ˵
֮εЦһҵļҲ֪Դҽӹ磬Ѿܳʱˣǰֻ꣬ʱѡֻ֪ȥֻطչأΪ۷״̬ħ壬ƾܹɹ𣿻ýСӳȥ˶Էһ
ߺ˵ͷ˵֮еĻˣûӵ˰
֮Ҳ˵ͷûǣǶ´ˣʵֻħʹһƲ߶ѣǵҪĿ꣬Ϊ˽ػһļƻβĻʱ
ڶԷô˵˵ߺƶǶĵ˵ͷˣȽ£пյʱ򣬻ǽģ
Ҫȥ֮ʵ
ӳڸ˵ѵһ㶼ûпʲôҲ
ߺĿ֮񲻶ϵԼ
ҪЩϸڣ֮һ£ȻЦǺǵ˵
ߺ

ߺջǸ֮ħצ֮ڷŸߺˣֻߺߵʱ֮Щʧ䡣
ôõڸսˣҲԣⱾҲҵǿʼʱܲסǿջǸ˵ĻȡıԴ֮
пʱܵĿռȻʼһӰӴ˳˾ǣԷľȻʼնӰӡ
ΪʱľڣǸĮ˵
֮Ϊ½ˣ˵忪ʼ˫֮г˿־塣
ȻѾĸˣһ֮ǣˣԾп־壬·Լ˸߸ϵ
Ҫ˵Ƚףʹû۷κҲӦú£ʱǰǸӰܵ
ûУȷҪҵģ𣿡֮ҵЦһ
ǸӰûκε֮֮̽ʱڵ㣬֪ô࣡
Է˵仰ʱ֮忪ʼһ˿˿εȻʼ½֮ɢȥУ
֮·ǿ˺ܶ࣬ʼңЩ֮Уܶ౻ԼƿߣΪʼٵķ
ܶ౻ǺӾ۷ߣѸٵĿʼңʼ˷ӿȥ
һҶľ棬½ƽˡ
ռ䶼ʵ֣ңͻƽǺӾߣܵٵĴû١

½ÿһ䶼ڷű仯ΨƬıԴ֮֮Уûκεı仯֮ɵƬ֮С
쿪ʼ仯̫֮ϣŭ𣬳磬Ѿûʸ񵽴Ͽˡ
½Ҳʮֵľ޴󣬺龳磬Ҳٷˣе÷ǳŨһڣȥ
÷ǳ峺·һ۶ףˮøӵЩѹŸֶиؾƵĽƣķǳı
治ϵĿʼ·ܿжг
ܵǳʼӣܶǳһƬǿ˹ʼԾΧת
磬øӵǿˣ˵ҲܹĻôڵ½磬ѾɹĽһȥˡ
￪ʼòǣǷˣӵ۷ľ硣
ߺȻҲı仯һо籾Դڷű仯
ʼ÷ǳǿЩΧ½תǳһС磬ЩС֮УɢǿıԴ֮һǿ
⵽ô£ߺв˵û꣬ڲʢĵطһƹ𣬾ԶڲԵĸߺ
ţһǿϢӭ˵У·𿴵˸߸ϵĻʵۡ
ڽţӶĻƹ⣬Ƭ½ڶ𣬽춼ˣ˻ɫ·һƬƬʥء
䣬ͬǸ̬˵ģ˲Ϊ֪鰡ߺип
˵Ǹ̬Ȼ֮ˣֻڸߺ֪ǣ֮ѾһصĴɱˣƬ䡣
ߺΪȻҲˣϾƬ˵ĺѡˣǣûͻƵֿͷŻƹľ磬ֻΪ˲۷֮
Ϊ꣬뵽־硣
ܵ緢ı仯ߺпʼˣʲôһǸӵˣ
ܵĺʼɢȥǣûƬռƬĵزǽ˿ռѷ졣
ʲô֮񡭡ǿˣ⵽˭ģߺ𾪵ԼӸ
ڣҪҪױʲôӡ
ڱ֮УһƬƬʼǸطߺļµǣǶǲߵ
ҿʮߣߺ벻ף絽ôˣ
ħ壬Իˣ˭ʤ˭δ֪ҵҪƬ֮У׻ʲôǿܹǵĽŲ
ǸɫӰһЦȻתʧƬռ֮У·ûַ·𣬴ϿһΡ
ߺڿ޵ĶˣȥܷŵͦģֵԼȥʱȴôѪ顣
μˣߣڽսǿߺӰȻֵʱ򣬷׷׹
зЩˣҲĿתĿŸߺǴҪĿġ
Ǹߺһվ˳ʵ
ߺȴûᣬֻͷԼΧһС
ߺû˵˵Ȼŭˣ˸ոյ䣬ѳɹĽΪˣȻǸ˲٣˵Ǹߺ㰡

˵˿ʼǶǲˣȻоԼ۳˺ܶˡ
ߺɫһ˼˼ģȫɣ
ţڸߺ֮ϣһĺЩǣո䵽һ˵ϵʱǾ͸оеĲͬˡ
ǸоԼڲʧ·Ѿû֪ˡ
Ȼָоǲûио೤ʱ䣬ͱˡ


642 ĳ
ǱߺеĲߣ޲׷ױһıҲǷǳ
Ҫ֪ߺȲߣ֮ǰͽ벻ߵģʵۺ񣬶ҿԼʵ
ǵĵʮֵʵǳΪߣܹﵽĲҲֻһѡ
ЩΪߵģȻҲ߾ˣǣߺЩƾԼģرĲġ
ߺֻһУͽеĵطȫķ財ǵ꿪ʼʴΪԹ꣬뵽ĺ֮Уߺһ֣ͽ֮ջˡ
ջ֮󣬸ߺһԭܵĵˣû£˵ʬˣͺƾʧһ㡣
ˣˣ֮磬ܹˣߺʵ벻ͨˣ㲻ˡ
ԭȥǸ׳յģǣ뵽֮˵Ļû㹻ǧҪȥǸطȻĻԶزˣͷ
ߺ岻ϵ˸ڳ֮Լ壬ߺܵ£׷ط
䣬ܶ˶ɹͻޡ
У֮һߺ֮ȥף
ߺǽ¶һ˿ܰЦݣЩˣ׺οڳˣ
ףڵ׵ʲôˣֵʵϻϡǲˮ
ߺϸĿһӣ棬Լžųɵƣ۾ɫͷɫֱһģһ
ڸ׵Ϊšߺľ磬˵Ȼûţܻкܶ˶Ϊˣԣߺûд
ߺһ׽֮˫ĿԲʲôү۷𣿡
ߺ⣬̾Ϣһǰǣڣδ֪ǿЩ춯صĻƹ𣿡
е˶˵ͷߺ˵£Щڲ۷ߣѾʼͻˣ
û¸ףҲвߣҾͲţƾǵᶷǣ֮ǰҲûв𣿡˵
ߺοͷûд㣬¼ȫ˽һ£ٰĵȥ֮أѰǼرʨϢ֮أ
ͨڸߺ˼·ǳң½ıԴ֮ߺãǸطȪͼǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ֻߺûп˵̫죬ĿǰֻԼһ֪ͺˡ
ˣүڽȥʱһӰӺȻڸߺ󣬵˵
ߺ˵ͷҵĸףҰϻȥ
˵꣬ߺʧԭأٴγֵʱѾڱʹİУ֣壬֣磬֣죬֣գ֣衭е֣ӵȫ⼯ᡣ
棬Ŀʼ۳һźΣڰ֮оƯţ޽
ߺȥŶλŵ֣嵭˵ʵ۱£ǺܾûмˣߺǲҪһ
ˣܿܣ֪Ķ֣Ҳû뵽Ȼǿֵز£ֵܹز
֣嵭˵֮Σգûһ˿һ
ߺ¶һ˿΢ЦˣǣôĴεĴҸ߼ҵ⣬ĺ
֣嵭̧ԼͷŸߺ޵ĿɬߺѾԭĸߺˡ
ǸܹԼڲˣԭԼֻһ¸ߺҲ룬ߺô죬ûԼҵıٶȿ졣
ǣڿԼǴףֻǲʮ꣬ߺѾΪ߲ʵĲˡ
һж޵Ĵ޵ĸ׶ûκεĹϵҪɱֻɱ޾ͺˣŹǣ
֣ͻȻǰҸǴˣ㿴ҵϣɣˣֵܵҲΣɱҶУ
ߺĵͷԼ֣գҪ˵֣գֵû˵Ҫ֣ҵ˴Լ⡣
ѣǰʱ򣬼ʹԼҪɱҲỹ֣ᡣ
ߺ˵ͷдܴЩ꣬棬ߺѾñˣѵãܵһ˿ů
ãҾͷŹ֣ң֣ʵۣûбҪڵȥˣѡһ˰ɣ
ߺԼ˵
Щ֪ˣܹѾǲ֮еˣڽӰˣˣϵ°գң壬Ǹ߼ʲô뷨ģҾʹλɣ
ߺĿһۣǻʼҵ飬ûȤֻҪ㲻ʵۣ˭УУҾһţǻң볼ҵţܶŷκָʲôɣ
Ծǽ֣ңΪܻʵۣǣƬƬǻҷ֪ߺĺ
Ҫ֪ڵ֣ңһ߶ûУʹǾش䣬Ҳûκ߳ɹĽΪߡ
ǣڸ߼ңߺǿڣǲߣʮ֮ࡣ
ߺһЦŽʱϣǻˣ
˵֮󣬸ߺǵЦ忪ʼĻӰߺѾ֪ȥʲôط
ڣǸô죿֣ԸߺȻҲûз˼ˣոյǳս
Էռƣߺ˲䣬ıս֣Էʮߣһʬǣû£Ѿܹ˵ˡ
Ҫ˵ߺţڻʲôҲѾˣʲôȨ
֣ε̾һǣ̫ˣЩҶȥȻ͸߼ңǣ߼ҵȴϵıǴѹ˫Ǹ¶ǰˣΪѪˣܹնɱ𣿡
˵֣꣬շȥ뿪ʹʱҲ˵Ķ䡣
Ҳõĸ߼ˣҲԸ̳ʲô󽫾֮λһ뺮ţǶԺһεĲɣУıȫ֣ҡ
֣˵ļ仰⼸仰е˶ԶԣûѪţŵȸɵˣҸߺ鷳Ϊߺһزˡ
֣ͳһʱҲˡ
ʲôΪΪʵ۴½ɽʱôĹǻˡ
Ҳǰ֣ҵİǣǺԴˣߺǻһʼھ֮ϵͲܹġ
گ޽λ̫֣裬һУ֣ʧȥеոյڹŹǰһ⡣
£֣գԼ˵ǻλˣסˡ


643 ¶
ףո㽲̫ԵˣҲҪȥָһôҺϲָоأߺڴϣСӰ̽䵽ߺļϣ˷ܵ˵
ߺÿ֪ԼһԵƤĶŮ쳾ա
˵Сһӵ黹ûƽأǾӣǲƨˣߺ΢΢һ˵
û뵽ո˵꣬СһͿʼûˣ費ۣײҪǲˣ
أǾǣ׺ףһҪ͵ܵ˵Ƿǳ׵ģǳ֮һᱻں֮

ߺСһѾ˵ȥ˰ɣ
ûУûУҸ쳾ģûУߺĻ֮Сһ̿ʼ
ⲻãһߺЩˣСһһʲô˵Ļ¡
СһߺѾǳˣֱǻƢ̫ˡ
ˣô£նΪҶˣո㷢ģ쳾ĸʲô
ߺʵ̲סˣСһߣԼµٻʮꡣ
ҲûʲôʵǣҺ͵ܵ˵˸׵Ӣ䣬ȻܵþȲҪľ磬ųţˣҲÿ佱ǣǻ὾ģ
նһת飬һ˵
ߺͷߣ˵ˣ仰Ŷûʲô⣬ҪһǾӢϡ
ߺҵడǳ׵ıˣûʲô˵ˣߺԼĿڣ˾ͷεġ
ϵôˣɣܲסˣôడˣ˭ǽΧأ쳾Сε˵
նȥһ㱿ôʵ˵ˣ
ߺǵ뷨ˣվŶԭǾΪҰǽΧ˵ɣ׷ʲô
ףʵģڼУ˼УֵĹף;ѰңնſɰС˵
Ȼ󣬽쳾ͽ²磺̫˼ˣȻ˸߼λ͸磬үү̡
˰죬ߺˣҴ֪ôˣСһﵨҲ̫ˣȻżԼ˳ȥҪһôأһҪͷ
ϰ֣㿴㱦СӰ壬ܽסһ㲻һӵĻҲֻܻˣ
쳾˵ţô£˼ᣬĿŸߺ
ߺɵĿ쳾գСһֱ˾˿ӣѻȻô˵֣ͬ
ǿɰ֮£ֱСħ
Сһǹܲˣǵ̰ܽɣߺ˵
Сһڸߺļüȥģܡ
Сһ֮ϣȻǿǣûеǷУߺú˵סˣ˿˿ǵΧסˣȻ
ٴӳȥǵȷвʵܴӳȥӳȥļΪ㣡ߺ˵
ۡϰ֣ǰɣҿ׶ӣҲҪɱң
ˣڸоȫĹͷûˣϵ⣬꣬ʼʧˣ
ոձߺĺϣСһͿʼǴСеģøߺһΪĸо
ĺˣ⺮ֻ֮صģԣ˵ʲô갡ûʲô˺ģֻǵ
ߺ˵һЦţһǰߡ
ϰ֣ҾŶ㲻ңҾͽǴռС飬ͼӴ׵ĸŶ֪˵ٸŮˣ͡
쳾ЦĿŸߺߺһ䰡ɣǼŮ˾Ȼôݡ˵׼ޣֱǡ
뵽ޣߺһĲЩӣΧߺܹõڵҲԲԼɫ
ߺڼ˼׷ŲСأһӰͺȻڸߺǰɫ·˧ա
磬þòԷ˵
ߺҲ˵ͷԭ谡һûкúøлأףڵҲǲ߾ˣ
赭ĵ˵ͷǸȣǲ˺Զ֪ڵûʲôո̸һ̸أ
ߺ˵ͷлôһģǲ֪ʲô𣿻УΪôô죡
СһҲǱȽϿģ֪кĽã
裺ǽҸϲһ㣡
õĽ壡ûĽ壡
ȫˣðɣˣǾͽСġˣǺǣǺǣǺǡ
ŶԷεЦݣߺˣˣˣԺҪĽ塭壡
쳾ǹɰ̾͸˳ƺõϰ֣Ľ壡
ͣҽΪǸֵģУǻǽĽɣٸʲôˣ
εĿЦСһˣԣҲʡ͵ĵƣ
ߺεЦЦĳ޷Цˣ֣Ϊĺÿ찡Ϊ㷴ɣ
ߺʵЩ飬Ҳøߺòˣʵ벻ףΪʲôĴϵӱ塣
ûżش𣬷ǵһЦҵΪȲᣬ˵ɣҲ²⣬˲ڸϰɣ
ߺĿ裺ô֪ģ
飬ߺҲˣΪڸߺʵѾﲻˡ
壬Ҳôĺˡ
ҡҡͷ޿ɷ棬ЩѰҰ˲ľ飡
ôҪȥҲǣֻҪһ˲ôп»ص壡˲ҪߺȻˡ
˲ǿ󣬸ߺҲָƣ˲Ѿȫߺˣߺţֻҵ㣬ܹӳ˲һ
ʹҪȡߺҲģĶ³
ǣߺû뵽ǣҡҡͷҲûҪ˲飬룬飬ǲҪΪɣ
ߺ΢΢Ц⵱ȻˣȻ֪ˣҪӱܣûʲôԣ
ɼ򣺡֪ðɣҾ͸ˣΪ˲ûѰҵıҪƾһúǿ󡣵ǣЩ굥ѰҰ˲ţ㹻վ۷ˣ
漴תͷҾͱͷˣǳͷ֮ءҷ˴


644 
ߺ˰죬ˣֲΪôǿ󣬶ԷȻ̷֮أ̷֮ص
ߺ̷֮صʱ򣬾ȻĻѪأǽȥ壬ᱻΪѪҺ
û˸ĶǣѰϾɵ˲
Ͳһؾ֮ˣҲһճƵˣԣȫĻѪȫˣû뵽ȻӴ
ΪôһֱǺ۷ľ硣
ԭ룬ԼȻѾΪˣϻһԭԼǣû뵽ȴŭ
ǲûĶҲûԭĹʧӵķŭҪϵΪ塣
ҲҿүүȨˣΪߵģڰֽţԣӳġ
ߺ˵ͷô㵽Ҫô
ڸߺ׶Է뷨ˣȻǽ˲ҪȥģԼҪʲô
ϣҵ˲ͷɢԶᣬ赭˵
Ըߺ˵ֱջ󰡣ңߺҲȷǷԷһ֮ԣߺ㣬Է
ãɽôˣߺ¶һ˿΢ЦʵߺǱȽϿɵġ
Ҫ֪Ϊ£Է¶ĺ֮λ֤ԷʵǲǺܲ
ңԷ֮Уǿĺһ塣
Ҫ֪֮УΪǿģǺ壬Ȼ󣬽ܹ֮Կģǽһˡ
ഫǵʴµһʮֵǿ
ڸߺͬԼҪ󣬶ԷȻҲʮֵĸˣϲЦտ
ڣҸ߼Ұǣߺ뵽ֻҪʵˣô߼ҵİȫԿбϡ
ңԷ˼룬ȫǷ֮ߺΪıǿķ
һζֻ֪˵ĺ棬Ǿ͵˱˵·ûпܳԽǰˡ
о仰˵ģԼ·ñ·ߡ
ߺΪȻ·ˣǺβԼ߳һׯ۷壬뻹еСǣ
ûϵߺ뷨룬֪ߺ뷨ҲԲԸߺôɡ
Ͼ֤ʵ뷨Ψһ;ˣΪߺȻܹ˲һа취Ĳ㡣
һ˵ߺڱ˵Ƕһ޶ġ
ߺһ·߼ȥߺûѡ÷ɵģߵģôƽһ·߹ȥ
˵ϰ֣Ϊʲô÷ɵأж찡ںε˵նڰУǣţԣܹڰͣ
ߺĿСһһۣڲڿз𣿻Ҫôɰ
󣬸ߺһſеҹһߵ˵ЩʱʵôƽߣǶĸ򣡡
мЦϰ㣬˵һ
ǣڵߺţԲʩչҲֻɸߺˡ
ոڻʹݽҪţʵ
ߺ˵ͷûǰûй뷨ڱңҪ
ʲô뷨
ߺĽŲȻͣˣսİգԼҵķǰ˶Ǵɵһ㣡
Ϊˣ鲻ٷ
˵꣬ߺӿԼĽŲΪ쳾ںԼһ䣬Ǿǣڸߺĸ׻ڵأص֮󣬲𷣣ûǿһ㡣
ϢǸߺķһ㣬ߺ֮󣬲ԾľͿʼӿԼĽŲ
ǣߺеĿɬ˭ܹأ
֮Ҫߺͳطøǿ󣬵Ϊһ֮ʱֻǸǿˣŻǿ
ߺȻҪķչԼˣԼߺģһ˿һĻᡣ

Сӣ㳤ǰɣȻϰַлûϰְҽҪѵһ£
ߺص֮󣬸߽ɳֳһŭ״̬ߺڸ߼׷Ǽɹġ
ˣСӸϽҹ¸˵߽˵
ߺܿ϶ҡҡͷɵˣҪȻ״̬֮¿ģ
ˣɣǻ̸Ҫʱ򣬸߽˺Ȼ˵
ֵǣ߽ɾȻͬˣߺԼ׵ˣȻҲܹˡ
״ˣ֪ʲôҪҶӣ˵ߺĵ˵
ģô˵Ҳ߾ˣ۹飿߽˵⣬ȻͣһԼ
ÿ˵۹ʱǵ𰡣ԲԲģ
ߺ΢΢𣺡İɸףҸұ֤۹ʮ󣬾ͷԼ
ŶСô϶߽Ҳʮֵĺ棬ߺĵԴ
ߺֻǵһЦһӰߺǰڶ춼ʱ򣬸ߺ걾Դոһߡ
Ҳǲߣңǲ֡
ڣȥһβĵĽ紦һ֯ǵͼߺһݵͼԷ
סȻٵߺķԸ
˵һͼֱС飬οԷǲأ
ԣܿͼסͼߺЦæɢһϢҸߺӽ𣬼Ϊ˭вǰսУҪңԭַţֽڣЩǿߣ
Ǹ߳һ£ˣǲ죬ǲҪǿ
ߺҡҡͷˣͶ˵ҸߺУƣ㽻ǣ˵ҲöӦû̫ϳϵˣǲܾģ
ǣ֮ȥˣӰһ˲ԭʧӰ١
ӣ⵽Ҫʲôڸߺ߽ɵȷǿˣߺǰ˵ûʲôȤġ
¿ɺˣŪôųֻΪ˱ѣ
ߺԼ˫ۣܲԸ˵Ҫ磡
в˯˰߽ôһ䣬תȥˣ߽Ҳ
ں˽˵ʲô뷨ôȻıˣ
ô֪Ӻòãֶͦģ߽С˵
ôùߺߺЦƺǲܲɣбɣҲӲɣ
Ҫֳֵ֪ƺߺȷǣЩʱʱ̿Ҫɱߺ˵һҲĻᡣ
ƺǸˣڲţɣûʲôɸΪɵء
ߺԵЩ̫ˣһŭġ


645 
е㻰˵ʱȻߺûһ˿ףͷ·Ȼ֣ô׵ĳ֡
ߺת¶һ˿ôʲôֱ˵ˣ
һҸոܵ˵µС裬ң滹µĵܵã
ߺһ£˵˵ն˵Щʲôˣ
룺밡Ӧǣ뽫ǹڹңԶų֣ϰ֣ʲôʱô̬ˣ
˵ʲôұͺܱ̬ǣôǱ̬أߺС౻ģסĴ
ɵĿ˸ߺһۣϰ֣˼ǣ㶼Ϊģ
ߺһ˼ţһʶĵ˵ͷ͵ҡͷԲᣬҾԲ뷨㻹Ƿİɣѵ㶼ϰ𣿡
˵ͷǺŵģһ˵Ҳɷ£Ӱ
ߺҡȥǳˣû뵽СһȻ˵ˣôʲôطأһҪˣ
룬شߺǸոջʱ򣬾ͱλˣ룬ڵӦͷɣףҪȥ𣿡
ߺصĺԼȥСһһҪԼæԼŮҲһ˵æĻ
߳˸߳ˣǣߺĻСһ޷ĳ̶ȣһὫԼعġ
һǲʵع⣬ԼҲһԲ˶ߵģÿÿ뵽ˣߺ;
ɣ׻Ҫ죬㲻ȹȥΣˣҪְֱغŶ˵꣬ߺͳʧҹɫ֮С
ͷСһ˵һǵĶԵģҪȻϰֲô̵ֻߣϰǲǱ̬飬Ҫĵһ£ܹϰֵһ֮ʣֻһ

ڿзĸߺвϵķڣȥ̫Σ̫Σˣû뵽һȻôӶˣ
ߺڵķٶȣѾǸʱԱˣԣܿƮڵľַڵƮѲյˡ
֣ռ֮󣬾Ϳʼ֮ڵŽϴǰƮڵˣѾƵͶ·
ҪȻȥͶ֣ңҪȻȥ˼ܲڴ˵ɡ
ҿЩ˻ôıûǣطһЩߣΪƮڱ𣬶Щ޼ҿɹߣﵱԼɽͷ

ҹɫ˵ϣƮ֮УΪΰ翷壬־ͿԴһ㡣
绮һӰɽ֮ϣȫһϮ£ɫĳƮݣǸߺ
һ뷨ߺʱѾʼˣֻν֮֮жѡ
ʱߺȻʵҲǿ󣬵ǣף⻼ԣߺûдĸʱš
ѪˣŸߺȥʱ򣬻Ѱ𣬱˵ǱûڼˣڣҲᵲסǵġ
ڲͬˣߺѾվϵ۷壬ԣΪʱˡ
ߺĵû֪ǵΪ̫ˣĸͲͬߺĴڣǣôܹأߺҪľе˶֪Լĵ
ȿȡɽˣǰʱʱ䣬˳Сʱ֮һὫǽɱ
ߺĻͬոճڰУе˾ͶˣһЩԼоʵǿһЩĶ׷׷ɵУ͸ߺжš
֮ߵΪٵңеطõ˾⣬ԣǲط
ңȻʲôԭʵǣǣʵǵĺǿҵġ
˭ʲôӿûпģϽҹһΪոͻǺӾˡ
˵еЩ̫еˣԴɡ
ߺĿһۣûнᣬǵĿ棺˵˭ڸϿҹ
еûмģôʱ䣬ߺı仯Щ̫ˣһͷİ׷ټ˫
ھߣӦֻʮˣߺ˵漴˫۵ȴš
ﵰеǸڿɵɵվʮӣԭΪԼ©ߺסˣǣû뵽ߺԼȴڼʱ
ո˵ڣԷߺȥȭͷ߸߾ߺϴȥ
ǣոսӽߺһ֮ڣߺɢĵͽ֮׵ıˣߺһɢԭʲôûʣ¡
еĵ׶ðһɺոǿˣǸ˵꣬ڰ˻ţߺ֮зȥ
󣬱ߺ峹׵˽ȥǻеǸ˿֮Ϊǿһˣû뵽ԸߺСԴˣӦ˵ͨһ㡣
ûлֵ֮ĻᶼûУȫʬûʣ¡
ڣǻʮŷʮ룡ߺ˵
仰ͱһ㣬˺Ȼɢɢӣ˲ʰˡ
ߺʱԱҲǷǳľְ𣬵ԼʱӲȥģûдıҪˡ
ոյʱЩûгȥ˾ͷ֣ƬܺȻһ¶¸Խɵıǽˡ
ˣְ̧Щ˶׷׹£ߺֻǵɨһۣﾺ棬Ȼûӳȥ֤ûдıҪˣ˵һֺô
˵ˣЩ˾ͷ׷׵ıˣɢʱеĵطǱɨһ㣬һɶЩ˵ʬ壬ߺˡ
ߺϵԹҲԽԽأڣߺһһ㣬ûа˿ϢĴڡ
ͺǽʬǱȽʬõǣΪʮѸ٣õǣûнʬֳϡ
ţ徲ˣߺ˵
͸ýɽˣؿڵһöռָ֮Уһŵ֮еƮ˳
Ǹߺûĵ֮Ըıһĵңǿٵ
ߺ֣ͽ֮ĴȥƽֽƮ棬ÿһ㣬ʮֵĹƽ
ڽߺнΪΰ翷壬˫֣м俿£ɽȻŸߺ˫֣ٵĿ£
ߺһ渲һĺȻ󣬸ߺıĵò
ɽ嶼ı֮󣬸ߺûиıɽ壬ϾֻԼ֮ġ
ߺռɽ壬Ѿ֮еˣ漴ߺƬԲǧ˺ǧѩƮ
ǸߺŵһɫɣţߺƮڵ򣬶úΧ΢ƬȻʼƯڰС


646 
Ǹߺ뵽˲Ǹ֮д˶еģߺǺʲôܹģ¼ɡ
Ȼߺϴû͸ǣȴڸߺΪߺȻǳɹˡ
ûʲô¯ɣܹʩչˣʩչЧΪ׳ۡ
ţߺЦڣվ翷֮ϣڣƬˣߺȴûиԣȻҲվˡ
ƮѾǾǧ׵ĸ߿ˣڰ֮и߸ңܣһľ޴װš
棬ߺԼĺһ޴ıɽλƯƮ·ңʩչ˷
ߺƯ˷Ū˺ԶԶȥƬСɽƯڿеɽһ㡣
ߺǵ漴Щλı֮һ󷨡
ڣߺѾİˣԣ֮˽⣬Ҳȱ˸߳ܶ࣬οڵĸߺһ֮ԣҲʮֵļ򵥡
ߺ£磬֮䣬ǰƮڿĹߺ֮ȫ˺̶Сʮ̷ʹס档
У̶֮Уиߺһ߷ʵǸߺʵһķ
ߺͻĹ򣬲Ž֮۳ǣ߷ȴǷǳǿ
ߺһʵɵĻ˲ߣɱµĲߡ
Ҫ֮ڵˡ
ߺ£Ǿ޴ı֮ϣһߴ׵ĺһǺͿʼ仯״
ֳ桪ڡ
ڽڵǰߺúСӣڣɱ顣
һУ̵湤ˣߺܹȥҪַ֪ͺڴ½ϳ֣ң֪
ķҲôɼ򵥾ܹƿȥģҪȥΪǲ߶ľ硣
һڵĶ죬ԼͻƵ֣֮ˣټлһʵķѹأһʧߺȫûеĵɡ
ڸߺӦðеĹĿ꣬ںϣ۳һȥ߸߼ҵˣǨ㵽
Ǹ֪ôܽУңߺҪ׼һЩûпϾȥЩˡ
һ֮󣬸ߺ㿪ʼķȥҪߺȥ롣
뿴ⳡ֮ǶΪ׳ɳʲôزˣڿеĸߺ뵽
ûεĿ·̣ڵĸߺͲʲôߺ֮󣬸о֮еĿռԽԽǿˡ
ǣǸߺĵһ
ĸСƹ֮УߺոճУ͸оԼһƵ磬Ȼųǧ׵̡
ռ󻯣Ѿ˿ռˣߺĬĬ뵽
ո꣬һߣͳڰУֻߺһ۾ͿԿǲˣֻһӰѡ
ǰС߶ţû뵽ȴˡߺ˵
ҪҪˣϹͷҲûжԻˣЩ̾͸д˰ɣ飬ҵʱᵽģ˵ˣȥǰʲôĶ
˵ߺͷ亹ЦǺǣǺǣôЦҾ͹ˣ
˵ţߺһӣͽЩ
ҲһĿ꣬룬ԼŽ֮գкܶ߹Լ˿ɲС
ߺȥ֮أõĽҲһģԷһֻһӰû
ͬԷҲ˵һգȥݷõġ
ǵȥ򣬸ߺûȤ֪֪ǣʱ䲻ˣΪڵĸߺ½鶼֪һ
ܹĸоڲģһƬߣԼǵŨصĵ⡣
ǲģ򣬲׶򣬲ױÿһ򣬶дĲߣԼʼ
ǺǣǾܵɣһúõдǵģߺ˵
֪ԼЩµ鷳²٣ǣҵǣԼɹˣɹվ۷壬Ǿνڲ֮˵ˡ
ο˭ڣ黹Ǻ˵ġ
ߺһЩ̽˼ߵԾص翷壬˵Ӧûˣڡ
ߺΪѰЩ˺ܶʱգʱ򣬸߼ҵˣѾ˱ڣڱڿʼöˡ
ߺոջصڣͽܹĵĿʼޡ
ǰӣڣΪѡһɽ壬Ϊǵϧ֮ߺָʣķ֮еһ塪Ʈ塣
ӼڸƮӣеŮߣߣĵһηǡѩ
ڵѩѾǰˣ˳ʱ䣬ҲѾߵľˡ
ҲǸߺһֱģѩڸߺĴ֮ˡ
漴ߺֿʼΪɱ֮СΪ÷֮󣬸ߺԼĶӡΪ֮
Ҳڸ߼ʵǿļˣˣߺȻҲţǣʵǿ
ߺе˶ʧȥ־ǿΪǱƳģԼеġ
ԣԱսʧܵķͲǷˡ
ͬʧߣߺĳͷǾʮ֮ڣڽսһλ
ߺγˣ翷壬ڸߺסĵطǱ֮ء
ȨǷԽɽıԼϣֻ̬ʵ
ңһλϮģ߾֮
Ҳ˵ֻҪŵһǿߣǾͿԵһλ
Ȼ֮ϣûκεӡ
еĵӣҪķ֮£ûŵӵĳƺ
ֻǸĳ˼ӣҲڲìܵļ

ʱڲ֪Ŀռ䡣
˵ĳѾʼתˣˣǲµӣǲӦתһˣһεӰǰһӰ˵
ȷˮ𣿡ǸӰ˵翣·˵һ
ǸεӰ˵ͷ̲ħʯȷˮ𣬵ȷǸط
ˣǼӱϾҲΪ֮ͨˣȲֻҪħɱ֮Ϳˣ
ǣȸˣʱ̫ǻɣεӰ˵
Ӱĵ˵ͷЩ飬ûʲôҪ飬ң
˵꣬ǸӰӻĻ⣬󣬵ʧʱǸӰҲʧӰ٣ǸεӰûټ


647 ǧ
еԱ֮󣬸ߺͿʼмĴҪдˣԺ󿪻õģԣζԸߺǱȽҪġ
ߺ۲һУҪ˵һɣ̫䣬һһЩΪߵˣ͵ñĶˡ
ڸߺĺĺ̶ȣ½İٶңͲЩ˿Եֿ˵ģ˵ոսͱȫˡ
ߺڷʱСһϷĹĵĿŸߺ
ϰ֣㲻ãȻôǣǱĸ׷дǧƪ֣Сͷˣ쳾ĹĵĿŸߺ
ߺȴûʲôӦֻǿǰƬհ֪֮Щʲô
տ⣬ȥС֣һרҵӣҿģͣ
ûпʲôè壬ֻվ˵ף㵽ڿʲôôʲôûпأ
ߺ˵ͷЩε˵û£Ҿ룬ô췿أαܲ˵ҪһҰӪɣ
СһƶǶĵ˵ͷϰ˼ҪЩ˹Ҽң
ȿȡˣߺԣûа취һȺߣһҼҵĳ棬뷨˵Ц
ƺԼߺһЦһСһͲùˣԼɣ
쳾·߰ӿŸߺϰ֣ҿڣҼһûܱȵùСãд˵кˣ
պݺݵĿһۣõģСܵܣȥ
˵ţͳ𣬶Щߺûô⣬СһҼһǿġ
ǣ벻ں淢ˡ
һˣոյСһڸߺǰˡ
ߺԭΪҲȻˣû뵽⼸СһĶع
쳾վԭأϵһڿΣγһƬƬ¥¥м䣬һΪĴ˶Ե˿ӵ
ţĹˣһһƬƬɫĹâϱƬƬ¥֮ϡ
Ƭ¥̱Ľ̻Իͣ䣬ͺôһ㡣
ٺ٣ϰ֣Ϳ㱦Ůİɣұ֤һնС֣ٺЦš
ߺĿЩ¥Щɣ
նƤһЦȻǣϰ֣ͺúÿžˣ˵ţնϺȻⰻȻϢ
¥¥֮䣬ȻʼһЩɫʲôľΧЩΧǽʼϵӡ
Ҫľǰ棬һƬհ֮أûʲôκνĴڣߺΪǴ㽫֮ɹ㳡ģڿߺȷǴˣǴش
ƬյרŸնµģȻðһ˿˿ɫ֮һɫĻ԰
ĸֲﾺ࿪ţߺ˶ˡ
ס⡭治ҪҲܹӣⲻСʱĹǾͽһ
ߺ˵ܣСһͨĽߺĺܾ档
ҪΪϰǿˣ㶫ҲֻСһѣߺԱߣᶨ˵һҪԽף
ߺǰ㣡漴ߺȰһЦ׳־иеޱȵο
ˣ򸴺
ϰ֣ϰ֣ǽķոˣǲǸ÷һְٰģҲˣն˷ܵ˵
ҲԱƵĿŸߺǰϰ֣㶼Ϊһ֮ˣҲΪһ֮Ϊϰֺʹֵ飡
СһΪҲ֪ʵ°ʲô£ߡ룡Сһ˼һ˵
Сһﻥ࿴һۣһתأװȻǣңǳ˽ԭΪ绹ϰĴӢأ
Ǿǣ۸ʲô
Сһһһ͵˵ߺûа취ˣˣԺƬػߣκ˵ȿ
ǡõԼҪ֮СһԵ쳣˷ܣϰ֣ǵأ
£˵Ҫ𣿡ߺ˵
ţ춯صĿߺȴᣬСһԼƽȥ

ȥˣһЩǽϢ׵ɢȥˡ
һЩ˻֪ߺ˭أ͸ҳΪңʮֵĺ棬ЩΪԼΪˡ
ߺ죬һʱ˾ۻᣬȻŮ´һ£ڶ죬һֱվǾߵɽ
ܹĲкܶʵǿߣƶ
ģȴøߺģ۹Ĺ棬һĲߣȵġ
ֹȻǿܹʩչǽȥ棬Ц
ߺһƬ־ͳһЩ©Ϊһ©ǽˡ
վڸߺǰߺ֣ǵΪûжٵ
˼ߺףʬ֮ģеκһ࣬ԣʹ緢䣬Ҳû̫á
ߺЦЦμСܵĽڴᣬСȻϲʤ
ˣæţȥ֮йۿһ£ЦҪȥ
վס·ҿ˵ҽҪȥ¡쳾ǰ𣬵ס
ţһɰ׵С֣ݺݵĶ쳾ͷһ쳾ҡҡ׹񱻴ˡ
㱿ǲ棬֪٣ֵñдˣƬ¥ػߣ˵ȲնۿɰӺ
ߺָǲĴˣСһֱСħ
۾һСޣΪø߰ߺ㲻˵ĺӰɣ
ߺεĵ˵ͷµ׼ǾҵĴ볤Ů
ûǳŮֻǴӶѣӾͲԶˣնЦ
ߺˣⶼʲôʲôӸʲôϵ
ɰҵĹ·ѣҸϽɣЦǺǵóһЩССһ
ЩˣȻҲ£׷׽˳
ߣ½½ĸϵˣСһҲջķᣬǿıְ
ߺЩ佩ھȻ˽ǧߣһֱǺӾ۷˲ٰȻôĲߡ
Ҫ˵ǰһμʮߣǾĪĸˡ


648 ײ
ţӦòˣֻʣЩǿˣߺ΢΢ЩУߺûһˡ
Ǵ඼ĽҪȻǱſϷҳӵĿǰģֵĳˣûĵ
ѪûأкȵȣǶûļ
Сֵܣסƣĵڶ̫ϳϣһӰӺȻӰг֡
ȻӸߺķ֣ôˣǷֶ˵͸һ㣬Ӱһͽˡ
ߺһͽ֮УпȥħǺþûˣ
˵ţߺϿʼһ˿аЦǵãԼħȵĳֻڶԷԾΪףǰģԣߺ֮սҲǳϡ
ԷѾ˾ˣȻܹߺĹǣٺһЦİɣСӣǾԲսģ
ߺӶԷϣܵһ޲Ϣߺ²⣬Էһɾ˲졣
֮ǰӦǲ߶ľ硣
ħǰȻǻӭɣħȥߺ˵
쳾˲ͳˣЦĿħħǰɣҽˣҵ·ѿǺܹŶ
СһĶӣǸУǰɣħû˵߼һбʲôӣʱʱ򣬸߼Ҳûдľٰϯ
ԣôˣ˲֪
λǰ˵ңȻӸߺԱ֣߳ɢϢ
ħһ⡭ߣż꣬ͳɾ˲ˣ
ߺǺһЦȮӲţӦʮ˰ɣ
䣬ߺǼǵ÷ǳģЩ̾ǰˣǰɳ̲ϰ
ȫħεЦЦȥ쳾һЩŵ֪ԭ쳾ҲǸߺĶӡ
ң꣬Ѿﵽ˳硣
ǻȮӰû뵽СһȻôǿ󣬲䣬Ѿһߣһˣ

ϰ֣ǲǸÿʼˣѾǧˣҲˣڸߺԱߣĴ
ߺҡҡͷ㻹С£ٵȣЩԱûǣЩڣҲûʲôòǣ
ʲô˼˵ڵȵĲǣʵ
ɹŵаЦȻǣڵȴЩǳ״ݻٵЩˣ
Щ뽫ǳ״ݻٵǣǵ˭һЩףǸߺȴû˵ֻǵЦЦֻվ
֮䣬Ȼʼ仯һ˿˿Ϣ˷˷֮УЩϢʼΣȻܻģ
ţɿռ壬ǰȻ˿ռ塣ߺ˵
ϹǸЦݣǵȻСӿռô棬ôܹأ
ҵĳӣ룬֮Уһ֡ǰߺܵ
˫ۻۣо֮ɫŨû뵽û뵽СӵһöӣȻʹﵽ־磡
һ񣺡ǰ佱ˣռ壬Ͳܹ˵ģ
һֱѸߺĿѧϰĶ󣬼ʮֵ󣬵ǽߺģ̬жѧʮ㡣
һСͰĸߺ
Цû뵽Ϸ򿴵Сһ㸸ĺǿҪΪĿ갡
Ȼһֱİ˵
ߺ˰֣ˣǰȥɣ
ȴ˰֣زأһһһȥɣǸСѾͷʵҲǷǳǿģ
ո˵꣬žͳڿУոճ֣һɹӵϢϯ
šһ֮ڰУߺŪĲճǣڣǱһأ
Դ򿪣һӰǰڸߺ˵ǰ
ˣû뵽ߺȻܹĶ𺳰
Щߵģˣֱͬһ㡣
ҵȰݼǰħˣ֣Ѿˣԣûʲô־֮ġ
ǣǻǱȽ𾴵ġ
λȥһ𣿡ߺЦ
Сӣڻôɵģ֪ڲײս񷣬һ׶ĿǫһױһȫΪַģ
ɸֵ˵Ҳ磬ĸߺֻǿԼ˵ûαƺš
ߺЦ»кѪţ춼Īҵ˰ɣ
ţСӶ֪ˣֵô򶨣˵˵ǲʲôˣ˵ѴҪǸˣ
ߺվǰˮڣûʲôȷȷģҲûʲôǸ֮˵ΪҸоûʲô
ô˵Լûʲôˣ㵽ôģЩˡ
ߺļ򣺡ʲôֻΪԼʵѣЩ飬ֻΪԼʵΪʵȥսԲд
û취ˣ֮ô죿ε˵
ߺͷ˵һǣǲʶ̧٣ǾͱҸߺĺˣ˺Ĳûأ
ʲôȻ˵
ߺЦЦû˵Ȼ֪䣬һ緢ʲô仯ǣǲ֪籾Դ֮Ĵڡ
Ҳ֪ǸǷŵĴڣ½һĴڡ֮Ҳǿе
Ϊʲô䣬ߺûнͣΪ飬һͲźá
ߺûãôЩ˲֪֮ĴڣΪߺ֪ԼѾһ˿˿½ıԴ֮
ԼĳΪʸ֮ˣܵܶߵַϣûԶѣֻԶ档
ߺ۹ײǰףأ֪㻶ӭӭأڸߺ˼ʱһȱ
ȱֶ֮ʼŲ
Ǹͽ֮󣬷ӦľˣǱѣôܲߺء
ߺĿ棬ΪڶĲߣվţɢȵϢֲܵﶼˡ
ҿ䣬ȻĻƬطѾҪˣѾһƬɳĮˡ
ײˣҸߺȻǻӭˣ룡ߺһ֣ķ֣̳һаĲߣ½½˽


649 
ǽһɲǣռ·𶼱ȵ죬ܵ¶Ȼ£ЩֲʼĿή
ߺ˫һǽǾ֮꣬ﵷңǾͱֱˣ
˵ţߺϻǱǿҵĺ˲ͽЩΧѸٵı
ˣҲҪŪôϷһӣȥˣʱԲ
㲻˵ҪսϷĿ㣬Ҳս
ǰߵĳĿ˸ߺһۡ漴ɱݺĿһۣҾ͵ӣǼƽˣˣǽȥɣ
ڳĻЩ˻ǱȽӵģո˵꣬Щ˾̿ʼϵϢȥ
ǣոߵǰͱնһסˡ
ôôأΪ㳤˴ӣǺɫģǾ㣬ɫĲһǻƣпǲŲأ쳾м˵
˫һ죬ϵƾҪʱ˵ˣõĳû֮ҿʵˣСӶҪ۸
߷ߵƳһ죺ǵС⣡
˲ԸĴӽָ֮УóܶڲõĶǣСһʮֵޣҡͷ˵Ҫ
ǵҪʲô̲סˣⲻߵȫԼˡ
쳾նָָǸϵĴָҿĶȫ͸ǰɣ
㡭̫˰ɣ˫һɣŭ˵
ߺ΢΢һ̣ôһһָò𣿺ˣնȽǻǵЩ˰ɣ
ŶɨˣԭΪأնʧ˵ԭһ⵰ðɣȥԷɣҲǺþûԷˣ
ͣôԽԽԾأʹ⵰ҲҪģʲôüûԷˣޣ˭⵰۹شﲩô⵰أ㣬Ĵָǣ
ԽԽԾŭ˵
ЩΪѣǣҵָ
ôҲܸŪһµŲ̽㻯ɻҽ˫΢УĺɫԽԽʢ
Ǹ֪ڵĳѾԽԽˣԼڲǵ³һܲҡ
ȻǣǺǣǺǣǺǣ㣡Ѫеöָ˳նС
пڵѪǴָ洢˰Ľ治ԼһĻԼıС
ǲҪģҪ֪һ˵Ǿս
һ˵ȻսǣԼǷǳӰġ
ߺ˵ԳΪ֪ǲǷĳƺţԳƵģȥλϣӸµĶԸߺ˵
ߺ˫һУǸλ˵ģû뵽Ĵ㲻Լӣһ¾档
£̫ûгˣԣһЩеǶˣ˲ܹλãߺǵˡ
ȻԼǹײǾͲָߺˣߺ˵
һǲСڣλãʵž֮㲻սһӮҾ͸㣡ҪôһжҵˣӣҵӣĶӣҵĶӣ֮еˣЦȻ˵
˶˵һ鴫޳ôİ𣿡ߺ˵
˫һУɫô˵ҵˣ
ߺҲһЦҿ㵽ܲסˣסǾ͹ԹԵһλϣ
ôһΪˣ˫۳ĿŸߺ
ո˵꣬λϣȻǿĺǺ·ܽضסǸ߸ϵĳҲ⡣
źոճֵһɲǣܵ¶˲ͽоԼձ
ߣСǰ԰ڣϣʼ˻ɫǺ֮ܲϵʼγɡ
ʱһֱԱԼʦɵ֣տˣæܹ磬飬ô˵
֣߼һģûиҹ
ֻ֣ȷֿһɫ࣬ǵͨ죬һȣҲ̣
һνǾ춯أңˣҪߺҪʲô״̬½顣
ԣľһ붼ܹ
֣һȣе˶𾪵֣տȥȥ˭ð
ǰǰһû˸ôģ£СĲˣ
ܿʼ۷׷֣տûЦԼͷЦ̫˼ˣ
Ƭֻ֣ԼЦߺԾĿŸߺòͷˣ㲻֪˭
ߺ֣ոεһЦţһ˵ǺǣЦǺǣЦ㲻ЦҺεģ
̫˼ˣ̣
ûȸߺϣ۵ʹЦҲϵڿз裬һߴЦţһùӰ˵š
Ѿʧȥˣվ˫۳Ŀ֣գǣովߺ̳ȥ
£Цѣ׻˵թˣߺ˵
㡭ߺλ֮ϣʶԼϵˡ
漴ת֣գôĵӣ豾
֣⣬ϻ죺ͣˣ͸ˣô㰡ǸеİһǻУôϲеأԼеģ
㡭ҡ֣åȫ˵ˣɫǺ죬ȴ֪˵ʲôá
ߺЩ̾ԭΪԼѾåˣû뵽Ǻ֣åûȰǸɽ֮иɽå֮å
ڣˣһλȥһ£ллߺп֮󣬵˵
һոͬô˵棬ڲϣҲЩˡ
֮£ֻʳŵλá
ߺܣڻˣҲٵȵȰɣ
˵꣬ߺȻ۾ϴ
ȫһƬֻСһ治ͣĹЦЦһѰѼ⵶̽˳ࡣ
ߺǲŹģ⣬ŵʱеŮ潣Ǹ߼ңԺˣ
ţ֣ҲŵλϣԼҪġ
οﶼǲߣʵûʸ
֣ǶԸΨһߺλá


650 
ս񷣬ǫ춼½ĵˣһţſڵλŵʱʮֵľ档
ңɫʮֵңлһЩ֮ɫ⵹ʮֵľ档
ڳĶ棬һ߶ûеСһԴԴϵĸ˵
£հ㸸ʲô游ʲôǲǸһأĸĸһһϡ
㳤ĺص㣬֪ĸףĸأ©ĺӣǲŴĸ׵أ
ˣжû˭Ӷûأͬ
ɫԽԽѿϵһһû뵽Էһåһ롣
УЩڰԼ˲֡
Լף游أͬһѲԼǱģУԼĸԼһϣǲǳ
Ҫ֪ײ½Ƕһ޶ģͳճ࣬
ǣʵϻֻܳԸñ֪ˡ
ڵڶ͸˱ˣŮк

˵λС磬ܲܲ˵ˣٸ˵Ҿɱ㣡ʵ̲סˣ˵
ո˵֣̱꣬죬ԭغߺֱǼ尾ڣȱ
ʲô趼һңȻķǳ
ͣʲôûУɣˣʵܲʡ
֮ǰֻ뱬һµĻôĸ֮뽫֣ɱ
ðӲ֪ŵ񣿡֣շ·Ҳܵ˽ѣʵ

ߺڳģаԷЦ˵£֣ڲżֱ޵еģ
Ц֮󣬸ߺʼĵȴţڵȴһЩˣǾѪŵˡ
ľǿߣԼ´ˣڶߣطԾɲԵӵ
ǣ֮ϣнǧˣ飬ڽʮ֮ڣֱǿǰ󰡣ûгֹô಻߾һ
룬ǧߣһɢһ˿ϢͿȫһұɷɻҡ
ߺ֣֪ڻڵʲôҪʽ𣿡ǫ̲סˣŸߺ
ߺǱ˫ۣڵȴλѾͨõһЩѣѲɣǲ˵ٶ𣿡
ߺĻ˵жһǳˡ
ô֪ģѲɣЩѾǣ߸ߺˣ
ߺ۾һ壺ðɣȻôżôھͿʼɣ
˵ߺվѾЩʵѾˣֻڱڵܣֹߺߡ
Щ¶ˣһҪԼذ
ڿʼҸߺΪҽտڣҼʹһαǱڵƣԺұڵӣи㣡
ߺ˵һһ溮ƴӣڸߺС
ʱ£˷Ƹôأʱˡ
ߺһЦ㻹Ƿģƣǧ꺮ɵģң滹һ˿˿ԩϢţ㿴ûмܹģҵưɣ
ȷͬߺ˵ܹԩ˵ȷǺ٣ңܹͬʱӵпغԩˣǾ͸ˡ
ǧ꺮һǧĺ˵һǺˣǶǺߣҪƣѡ
ߺ˵𣿡վǰŵս׷վԼ塣
ߺһЦʱ˵ˣ֪λʲô𣿡
̸̸ƺŵ⣬Ҳ֪ǲӵпֳƺʵУֻţһţֳƺҸоӦøĸˣ
˵ġ
ߺα⼸ݺϷߺ֪ԷֻһɣԼŭȻԼ֣ɱԼ
Ȼ֪һǣߺȴòҧȥΪߺԭʹ㣬Щˣݡ
Ȼ˵ˣҲһ˵˰ɡߺûмڶ֣ǿα˵
ʲô飿ߺô򶨣ҲЩɣߺˣһСôΣյķΧ
ǣΣı֣ʲôƵġ
ߺһҴ㣬򣬲½γһˣΪΣǸľ˵ħҪ
ߺ˶Цһ㣬һЦţһ߲мĿŸߺҿǺͿˣ½ˣħ壬֪ǿħ壬ǵУֻӴܣڵħ壬ѾֻڹӲдѡ
˵˵ҵ飬Ųǵ飬Ӽտʼҽʼ˵½ˣߺ˵
ǲأǲԶˣңҲţȫ½ˣô˭أòɣսЦ
ߺ˫üһôܺЦ˵ˣȷң
ৡǼȫߺǰߺİΧǲЩ̫ţ˵Щ쿪ˣ
֪ߺôˣô˵Ļأ˵ߺӦòûͷԵ鰡
ߺûǣҾԺеǱܣеұµһ֣֮ڣûԸڵģôַĶ󣡡
ӼеĲߣȥȥˣе߳ƺŶطã
ӼеĲߣұĺ뵽ұڵıţΪұڵһ֣Ӧħ١
ӼеֻܳǱڷֲţҪĺϱڶ֣Ǿڣ
ߺһ˺öɱڵȺߺ治ɫ˫֮ûһ˿Ĳ
ߺ˵ӰڵĹ㽫ǹϵʱһӰӺȻӵϿʼΡ
˴С漴ǸӰٴɣΪһģһˣʵȻܶ࣬ǣȴڶһ
ߺ˵ͷӰ¼һӰڽеĹȫóˣ˶ϰܷĹ
룬ҿе̫Դˣһ׼׼һأӰڵǸ˵
ߺûʱ俼ǣǲԸĻұֻܹԴˣ
̫ˣ̫ˣλôһɱɱɥĲˡ


651 ⵽Χ
ɱң𣿡ߺ̧ԼͷĿŸոǸ˵Ӱ֮˵
ǸӰڵĸ֣ߺһ˲䣬һڵĸоǣϾǲߣһǻӰڵĵһߡӰ
ôܻ־ߺأ˵ͷģɥĲˣȥˣ
ߺǽ¶һ˿ЦݣãǼȻҾĲˣ
漴ߺİ˲Ӱԣܵһ˿ʼսΪ꼰㣬׷Աȥ
Ӱ岻ϵתӰصתǷϾʹϢôһתԱߵˣȻûа취ӰĵģĵǼٵˡ
ӰӵģвϵķתӰӣѷ٣ЩӰ֮УӰ壬ϵΧŸߺת
ѷٵ£ֻҪһǾʧȥȻĽڵȴ
ߣӰɣұ㻹죡ȻùԸңߺһһͷϵö۳ˡ
ɫͫףҫȥߺ˲ҵǸ˵һ֣̽ͽӰץС
еĺӰ˲ͱȻ󣬸ߺϿʼһصıˣ֮ѹס
Ӱʼܲϵǣʱƣ忪ʼĽӲ˫֮Уûһ˿Ȼˡ
ߣ˶ѣߺ˵һر⿪ʼ⣬ߺ׵ա
źʧģӰ壬꣬ͬѪûһ˿
ߺһһ˿ûˣߺ۾ɨܣ˵˭ҵ룬ɱң뷨ʧģ
ߺĻ˵жһû뵽ߺȻôǿӰ֮ǰǲ߶۷塣
֮󣬱˲ߡ
û뵽ôǿߣȴɵвߺڸߺ߲һȥʬȫˣ궼û¡
ͷ·ȫʧռ֮Ƶģûгֹ
ߺҲʵǿһЩɣУ󲿷ֻǸոս벻ߵģԸߺ֮ûаɡ
ߺҳϣȷ÷ǳǿ󣬵ǣ̶ֳȣΪͿҵֿǳ룡
˵֮ǰǲ۷壬ڽʲô磬ѾΪ֪ˣǿȷǣѲǲΪˡ
ǣҲǻߣΪȻ˺ܶ࣬ݲ»ߵսԣɲǻߡ
ŶԭǳϾҵţոսɣôƻе˵ȥɣߺ˵
ϵطҪϴΪʲôô񣬻Уҵ׸ʲôޣ˵
ߺĵ˵ͷڵ񣬸ɣӦ飬վۿ
ôƽ˵ȥǸոյ棬֮ͬص
һɽ֮ϣԴӳ˽ʱ򣬾ǹ񣬴û뿪ײ
ʼעǣȻҲоһɵסԼˣԼʲôһ
Ŷԭһ㣬ˣһɣû˿Ŀ˫һУ˵
ߺĿһۣ㣿ɱһ˭ң˭Ӯңǻδ֪أҪô¶ۣ
ǺΣڸոոߺ˵ĻҲ죬ǣƾŶԸߺ˽⣬϶ߺһ֮
ˣҪ׵Ľ½ͳΣвʡ
Ҫ֪ǿɶһǿߣɹˣȻ˵Ҫһ˵Щʵʡ
ߺҲ֪ҪﵽͳһûѪϴǲܵģЩ߶Ǹ߸ϵģǷ¼ӣһ˵ĺֱ쿪
ǣ֮ͬ˵֮䣬ᷢ䣬ôҪӦĻһҪͳһ
Ϊսûκκôġ
ЩСˣֻ֮Ľֻϵʧ
Щ˲ںͱӾͲˣæء
Щˣûأߺвˣȫ
λǰңҾԲСˣһУֻΪأҲãҲգգҸߺҪѪϴʹҲϧ
ߺ˵
ںȷΪѵĿŸߺ˵ģǵȷŷǣģļˣǱյ˵ţ
仰˵ģ˵֮˿
֪ԷôģԼҲȷôˣ溣˱¶ȵԼߺʱ򣬾ǽߺıڣļȫܡ
ȸߺͷǣû뵽ߺĿǾȻôܵͲ³˼
ߣŲôأһֻ˽µĸ˴ǳȥĸȺߺ
ڳеȻЩΪ⣬ǣˣϾĿɽǳ
ңҲгưģΥʱжʱԼһ׵塣
Щ˶Ӱ׷׷֮зȥٶȼ졣
ߺ˫һУǲأѪǸŽмģӦþŵĲ˰ɣĪҵϢǺǣû뵽ҵĳȫˣҲãҲɨһˣ
˵ţߺһƣȴͷ˸ߺķ֣ȥ
ǵ£Ҳ˳ǵ·ȥ
ЩˣȻǲߺǣǺ֪Ľ˭Ӯ
ģϣ˭ܹӮ˭䡣
ҪȷһѡĻȷѡߺ䣬ΪߺĿ̫ˣȻҪư½
۹ôҰģҲֻڲ֡
ʱʵڲУǿԶ㵽ȥߺͬˣ㵽ʲôطȥܹ½
Ѿյʵˣǣʵʱǻ¸ߺ
֮£ߺĴڰУܳǧĲ߽ԼΧ
滹Ǵ󰡣ЩֵģϿԶ㣬ȻĻһ˺ǣҿɲ𣡡
ߺ˵ЩΧģǶƫĲߡ
ЩֵģǶ׷뿪ԶԶ
Щǵõ˻ĲǺأҿŶãѪϴһû뵽Ҫı𣡡
֮ĶԹǻԹѾˣˣû뵽ҲΪε䣬ˣϲϲùϲ㣬ûãҪˣ


652 
ߺҲû뵽ĳҾȻô࣬УµĺǱֻҪ㽫֮һʹΣ˵
ߺɼ򣺡ʲôһʹΪʲôҪһʹ͵һأһ죬ҵ˺ܳʱˣ
ȻǾûʲô˵ˣһɣһ˵
ߺĿʮֵĸ䣺ʲôһһѣǸ߿ˣΪƾЩ飬ֻܹڻҶѣ
ޱ飬˵еʱڻڻҵãҶĿͬ־֮ͬʿΪ˲İΣһħͷ
ߺмһЦΪ˵ЩûʵĻʲôڵزˣҲ֣ս߲սû˭壡
վͳײռһǸ򣬷ΪɫĻ
Щȼգָʮֵʡ
ߺ˵ͷҿİǰɣˣϴҷһ룬ΪһŹ𣿡
ߺңһ֮µģϴεĳ裬һһȥΪǵ壬һսģںͦ㣡תȥ˵
꣬Լûеףȥ̸̸ϸһ顣
ǣȴҲôΪھ֮ԭǽʬûԭơ
֮󣬷ײ֮еĸ֮УΪˣҲʼˡ
ߺһ²ӣþòˣû뵽ô޳ܣҲ˵ҪԼ˵ϣ
ʾСӣе̫ˣȻҷŭȰ㣬ͶԼӹ׸ײл
ߺü˵壬ֻһȺѣҽɣ
˵ţߺӰһѸٵĳǰпʼŭһͬһĴڸߺϡ
ǣߺȴ㺮׵ıסˣٶɲȥ
һŽ֮߷ɣȻϵʼۣ˳Ÿߺȣ뵽Է֮С
Ȼ˫ǿ־ȥȪͼĺ㲻ѾΪʲô㻹У
ߺʳָԼǰ꣬ǸܣҪǣˣѲɻٴεıҵĺƣһȪͼĿ£
ҲҪҪҲ뿴ȪͼˣҪȥҪȥŹҺұ֤ˣ־˵
ߺĵ˵ͷðǾͿˣһҪȥҪҵĻȪͼٴοˣ
̶ֻӣǰ˫ۿ־˵ҿ˷˶ԻȪͼĺεжҲμˣ
˵ͷðΪɣ
˵ţһ˳ȥߺٵķȥ
ߺ¶һ˿аЦһأĺ鰡ǲûˣ˵ڵһеõģ
˵ţߺ˫һ˲俪ʼʧȥޱ飬վǣҲƶˡ
μˣڿУߺĹȥ
ߺǵ𣺡ݰΧôͿˣҪ̶ȵ˺
ǵˣһȺΪ͵Ĳ߷ȥſڣһӶԷĿбȥ
ոմ˵壬Ϳʼ޴ıըһʱ䣬ܶ಻߶ˣ
ЩߣоųϣǿΪߵģܸƵĲ߱ȡ
ĿһУɫ䣺ߺǺֶΣһĲˣǻȪͼԭӦǵĻȪ꣡
ߺ̧ԼͷŶԷΣҧҰģǲỹģΪҲǹ
˵㲻ǹô㵽ܹʲôʱ򣡡˵ţˣӰһţ˲ڸߺ
ȭͷߺȥߺͲ˳Ķ̻ͷһץס˶Էȭͷ
ȴ֣ԷȭͷҽҪȣԼֲˡ
û뵽ȻԼۼˣǿϧšߺϿʼ¶һĨϤаЦ
еĺ˲ͽȭͷ
ߣһһɨȣһȵľ磬ߺɨȥ
ߺ˵λϣȻһԱҳһ״ֵס˶Էһš
ǣǱȴһŸɨˣıмܰ˷ȥĲߣӴһϸСıУ̱ɱ
أߺ˫һһߺУǹɺԼаɴɫ͸ĺĿһ
ǺʼЩռ֮У춼ʼЩǰæĲǣУҲܶˡ
ں֮У˵󣬾ȥˡ
ǸߺһУɱ˰˳ɵĲߣƬأɶʱ䶼һ㺮
öҿ㵽ûҶ˫ۿʼ˱仯뵽ŭ״̬ˡ
ԷҲڼٵһƬƬƹӶԷɢߺӴɻƹ⣬ȻһִĵҪ뷨
ɣ߾硣ԣ֮˵߾磬۲жǿ󣬶ڶԷɢһ˲䳼
ߺæԪһԼͷԵѣҲϵ˼⣬ԷȻɢһ˿֮
Ľɫâҫ֮£ߺܵĺȻʼڻֻڻЩ֮ˣѾȫʧˡ
һЩϢģȫԼԪţȻʧˡ
Щһɡ
ǣʵľ磬Щ֮󣬲ʹ⣬ԭǣߺȻˡ
ĿŶĳû뵽ԷѾ뵽ʵľˣ벻Ҳֻа벽ľ롣
ոգԼȫ֮ڽԼΪˡ
ڸߺֵʱࡣ׷ױʹߺΧ治ϵĶԸߺмѹŸߺ顣
ǿߺ˵ȷǿ󣬸ոնԷûʩչȫøߺ׵ĳǾǸԼߣƾһ
ߺЦЦĲ˽߾簡ȻҳǳˣҪ֪߾磬Ȼܹñ˳ǣҲվֻôһʱѣ
ǻܹõĳʷϾͲôˡ
Ǹߺ֮͵ģ˵ȻôǿǣҲֻܹ˵ĳһʱ䡣
ֻҪŲϵķŶԷĶԣԷɱôԷѹƾûôˡ


653 ʯ
ߺпʼ쾳磬пʼһƬ飬пʼãûκζĴڡ
ûνĻʵֹֻۣɣûԶͳΣֻǲ㡣
ȡ
ߺϿٵĻһĺӸߺϻ˳ȥԷ˿ٵķȥ
ǣһвûлռʲôģߺӦ˿ռ֮Щ֮ߺ֮󣬷׷׿ʼÿһ·
⵼¸ߺٶȸӵѸˣٵ˳˵ǰ˶⧲ſ
ߺ¶һ˿аЦǺðڵңѾǵĻƹ⣬УѾûˣ
˵꣬ߺռ壬弸˲ʹӳ߳֡
漴һԷɨȥǣԷǸ飬һ㣬˹ȥ
ȼģĬĬ߶ϣʼȼܻ棬ͷϸطʼȼ
ԷҲŭĻ⣬ԷѾʼþȫˡ
ɣһȭߺȥһȭȭ磬÷ԲĿռȫ
ǣߺ·һ鶼ûУôƽվǣǱһ
һп治ϴð˰ߺһ߶ŶԷĹȻһ߿ʼ佱
óӵķŭˣԽԽĻߺһۣ֮Էȥ
˶ԷԴģȫǣƣȻ࣬ڶԷ࣬·˻ɫֻɫǻġ
ǣȴŷһ˿˿ϢԷϵԪȫȼˣԷ
ǻߵĺأߺһ߶ųĹһ߸̾
Ǹߺ̫ˣȻߵĴڡ
ǸոձȫѾ뵽ľˣٵĳڸߺĺ档
ߺҲûпֻоԼؿһʹһȭͷ͸ߺš
ɶȥɣߺ˺ѷεʹһݣ֮еԪ֮˷ȥ
ܵĿռ伸˲˺лðĳ
Ҫ˵ߺʵκһ˶Ƕ֣Ͼߺ겻ͨ꣬굽ھŽ׵ʱ򣬾ѾͻƽĲߵʵ
ǣĸʣһΧߺͺ˵ˡ
ȫ֮󣬸ߺȭͷؿڵʹԷֱһжϣȻѸٵĽ֮γ
ߺϵڿٵĻָ⣬ΪԵʣֱۣҲڿٵĻָš
ǲĵڶˣԶ֫һ׶ǻָƣ׶ǵѪĽ׶Ƿ˿
ڵأߺе㳶Ҫ˵ǵѪԽܣѪҺ溬ߵ
ԣǿܣǣ˿Ͳͬˣ˿֮УӦûûɡ
ݷ˿ڸߺܽܣʹԷܹ˿ڸߺ˵Ҳûκεս
ɱˣһ㶼ǻʬ𼣵ģͲκʬ壬ôᷢأ
£ڸߺıԶԶۿȻߺԱߣһָߺȥϣŰɢĻʹ⣬ǿҵĻʹˡ
ߺ·վƽĽֵϣǰ棬һǽڸߴĳǽ֮ϣվ棬ۣ߸߸
ָоøߺҿߺʹӦԪٵתͷ֮һѣʱ򣬶ԷһָѾ˸ߺǰ
ߺ֣ǰֵȥ
ڡ
ߺ̱ǵᴩ˵һ˿ա
ҿߺԼĲںϵԼ֮ˣߺһȭɳȥؿȥˡ
ߺֱҲٵĻָţǵˣѾָˡ
ϱһ˿˿ϢؿڵλߣҲٵĻָ
ߺʤ׷ŶԷòָԼʱһ˵սȻˡ
еı䣬󿴵ߺҪʱ򣬶Էıˣһ˳ǹݺݵߺȥ
ɶûûˣߺ˫ڣ֮ͬǰĺҹһ
桤ѩ
ߺһƬǹ⣬սͳȥûǹǸ˳ǹǣΪ˳ǹ¸ߺˡ
Ǹ˳ǹϣȻһʹ⣬Ȼߺǹ״̬֮Ӳı˳һǹڸߺϡ
ߺ忪ʼѸٵĵɳȥײɣЩװһ飬ЩڲѾˣɢռ䡣
ͣ
ߺһȣӲͣǣǣߺȴǲ˰̣һѺ۱ŷѪ
ѳ˺üһ㣬˾һƴɵһ㡣
ߺֻ֪ΪƤˣԲŻͬһģ
ĸĺܲߺ˵˫ۿʼ΢С
ߺϵЦʧʱ򣬾ʹߺʼˡ
򣡡ߺ͵غȵ
Բ֮ڣһƬ磬ѪϸĻᷢÿһƬѩ֮ϣӳһ»Ӱӡ
Ǳҵĺȫȥɣߺ͵شȣ忪ʼĸײȥ
ĸҲһ򣬳ǻһƬɫ磬еļʹǱɫĻ棬ȼոɾˡ
һƬÿһѻһȨ
ս֮УǲͬıȽֱˣһС͵ȭԷĺȰȭͷȭͷ
ĸҵײһһɼΪǿϢ˷ϯȥƬǧ̫춼ϴһա
ⶼҪģߺȻ˳棬ǧȻ˳ײ㡣
ֻҲֻһ˲䣬󣬳Ѹٵֲˡ
ħ壿ǿޣߺڸոһĨ͸֮󣬿һ
ǸһӰǣıһԲƵĳǴССĿ
ߺڿۣ֮ԿǸˣܿǧ֮ľ
Ǽȴˡ
ߺ֮УЩѩϵĴཻĵطӿȥһԻһ꣬ͬһ顣
Էϵӿߺ֮Уߺֽ˿ǣ˹۾ϸϸо
ԭǻߣе֮ͬеԪߺ۾Ȼ͸¶һ˿˿Ц⡣
һֱľָоҲȱָоˣҵѾͻΣ뵽ʵľˣ
ߺĬĬ˵ţ˫ۣϿʼлƹתߺҲڷű仯
濪ʼɢһɹţΨҶһʵһƣǣܵԪ
ãС̫ˡǵɵʯˣһУȻ


654 
ЩֹҲָΣָһһ֮еȭ֮˷ɢųȥ
ǺҪڵ򹥻ǣѾûлˣΪߺѩɵȻʳ֮е
ԣߺܰͻƣΪѾԼѹסˡ
ǣߺû뵽ʵеƣߺѩܹô֮еģֲװƷ
һȭӿ֮бȥ˷ٵȥߺԩһĻɳȥ
ոջɣ̽ԼͨոյĽսѾˣԼϸͲǸߺĶֻ֣öԷԼ֮еɡ
ߣɾռԼ򣬽Լȥ
Ӻ˵ˣһػЩԩ֮ȥڽ֮Լ֮Ūȥ
սһϵĹٶȻǱȽϿġ
ҵľˣ֮ȫǻλǿѹƵģǣЩԩǳԸߺ
ߺǱϸһֵĴڣƶЩԩ˵ûκεá
ԣֻЩӿʼˣÿһ£Щԩ궼ʼһ£Ȼָֻƽ
һҲԽԽԩ꣬󣬾ȻӲȥˡ
Ǽˣ˿ûǰæͷôԱߵĿţͺϷһ
˵Ǹô죿ǣû˿ǰȥӪȣΪ֮Уˡ
ԣںͲڣһϵûС
һԼĲӣСӣѾʼˣһʱֻṥֻҪһˣû˵ʲôܹڵ
ţ˵ĲԱߵ߻ʣ٣ս˵
һۣж֮ߺҲ̫ǿˣȻһһǧߣȻЩ߶ȽǱϾǺ۷Աģ
οˣһжΪ˳ߺֻҪǾͲܵѹˣ˵
Ҳ˵ͷ뵱Ľ񣬾ѾǷˣˣߺǸӣʲҪҪһ
Ǽٵģ
һᵽйظߺҵ飬ڵĳЩ̲סˣʶʵ
֪ûпʲô񣬵ǣ뱾ɱܷŹԭ򣬾Բܹǳɳս˵
һߺѾǷѾ˼ˣҲڹǼκ˳ˣ
˵ͷ˵Ҳ޳ɣǵĳɳٶЩƫˣΪΣһҪɱҡ
뵽սȻЦ𣺡˵ߺĸ绨񣬹ɫӣ¿ɹййǻˣ
˵⣬˹ЦѾˡ
ˣ֧򹥻˭ҷԲ˶ߡҲûʲôȱ㣬ȱûŵ㡣
Ϊ˽ݣɫ̰ƣǺųƲһŮĺ˫ɯսѾˣ˵ˡ
ʹԷǣ˵ڻ뷨أᣬҲһŹġ
ܵɫջڵѾ̲סˣЩУոĶˣڸߺһҷ֮Уˣеϣϡ
飬ԴߣǣĶôù˵۾
ȥʲôѸٳǰ˵Ҫ;𣿡
ˣŹҰɣĲҼﻹһСŮأҲҾ󰡣ధ
¶һ˿̵Ц⣬ֿٵһӣһͽ֮ΧˣѸٵĴӶԷϣܵ档
ֻһ˲䣬ͱ˺̿󻯳ɷɻңʧ֮ˡ
ߣŮ˵ˣҵС椣һߺŪˣһڼأս
սĵ˵ͷһ˵СӶѵõأ
ʣµŮͲܰɣһúչģĴЦ
Щʱ򣬸ߺѾڶΧˣߺ֮еĺϵĽЩ˺ҧռ졣
ڣռһٸ֮󣬸ߺܲסôˣƿˡ
ֻƿһ˲䣬ߺϿʼǿʢĻʹ⣬˷ȥγһɫĹųȥ
͸˳죬ߺ˫һɫ漴ɫߺģѾʼɢŵĺˡ
һ˿˿ĺƺǣߺԪ֮ںϵһ𣬽ߺԪ֮ұ
Цʱ򣬸ߺѾˣһѾͽ֮ץסˣôŤѲߺơ
󣬸ߺ˳ĻӰһ˳ԱߣԱ߿Ц
Ц˰죬ȴûսЦЩ۾ˣô⸱ףǸҺôʱˣѲɻ֪ʲôսҸ㣬Ȼǲ쵼ߣǣǸһҪң
սڸоԼ˵ˣ룬ûнʾĸߺѾǳˣĸʣ޷θߺΣʾĸߺǵǿʲôز
룬սԼڲ
ĸ椣ܸ㣬֪ķ۹֪ڷ۹۹ʵѣȻɫжǴθ۹̫ӵǸŮôˣ
ߺһ˵ţһ̲סеķߺޣԼ游˼ȫ˱գԼˡ
еʼȶıˣ֮Уǿ־壬ʹһĿ־飬Ͻա
֮ͫеϢҲ𽥵ʧ
ߺУȻԾ䵭ǣϿʼֵȴ
ʶĻصȷ׸ˣֻŮ˺ԼݳŮҴռ֮󣬺úõĵ̵̣ǣû뵽Ů˲䰮Լɱˣ֪ʲôϵ
ߺϵЦݽĳֻ֣мµĺޣ˭ԿóȻģû˳ǰ롣ǵΪδҵ游ó˰ɣ
ɱǣֵ˵ո˵꣬ߺϾͱǿҵĻʹ⣬ǵĶǿܶࡣ
ߺƴŴҽ֮ȫɢʱֻ³Ļǡ
Ҫĥ㣬꣬Զյ̷ʹ࣡С󣡡ߺߵһСӰѸٵĴӸߺһ߳֡
ߺ־ͷ֮֮Ӳı꣺ӽǲһ̷ʹ˵꣬ÿ춼רõ̷


655 
ҸɣǸҪҪܹȾָģ㶮𣿡ߺĶų˵
˵Сˣߺ֮գǶԷңߺҲࡣ
ո˵ĺܲڣܸҲһ˰ɣߺ˵
ڿ޵ĶˣԼողһߺͽȨٴȥˣôܹأ
Ҫ֪֮ǰһֱǸߺڲء
Ը⳼㣡սȷѡ񣬵ǣߺӶԷпһ˿ɱ΢΢𣺡ûģʱʱ̿ôıɱ˵ūţûʲôȤ
˵ţһӣͽսʸˣʸߺ
һҵɣ˵ţߺ΢΢һս꣬Ԫź뵽ߺ֮С
ߺһ壬תͷİʡ
ˡߺһкüһôоԶ֣Լְ
ЦϧϧϧԤı˼ˣˣȴû뵽ճʹǵĻӰǳΪȥʽѲǴˣ
ߺ˻һָԣǴˣǸˣǸҵĳУҶùҪʲô
ԭһжǳԼģȴû뵽ԼɫһϣɫͷһѵϧǣҲ˽ȥ
˵꣬һ忪ʼɷɻңͬҲһ𻯳˷ĩ
ҿʹҲҪվҲڱ˵ϣ˵
ߺûֹҲûȥգǶһߵأԼֻϣԼʱܹһ㡣
Ҫ󣬸ߺûܾҲûоܾɡ
û뵽֮Уֻ㻹еȻҲ͵ǿϧߺЩϧ˵
սǾԲŹģߺҲ˵Ϊʲôֻÿ뵽񣬸ߺеһķŭ
ԼӲŹˣԶ޷⿪ĳޣԶĿ̺ۣʹˣֿ̺ɴڣΪײڡ
ߺԼҪһسûְ𣬽ײ
֮УΪʵߣԸߺȷʱûУЩʵʱ
ڣ֮ȻطֻʣǣߺҪͳ½
½ĺܶ򣬲ֻвһԸߺãԼ٣ҪһԼߵļˣǣǲȥֹЩʵĲ롣
û뵽ΪǣӰߺЩ̾˵
ô˵ڣûȫʧȥԼʶߺһ䣬Ŀ̲ס
ߺĲ֪
ҲĲ֪ԭŹҵģǣа취𣿡Ŀ˵
ߺȥͶ̥ĵùҡҡͷѾԼľȫˣͬ嶼ˣ㻹ô㰡
Ҳ

ֵҲֻһ̰֮Ӻߺε˵ǴƭˣΡ
漴ߺٴεĿʼЩԼǣЩߣֻʣһٶ˶ѡ
ǰΧǧˣȻȫˣұɵˣֱʮֺģ˵Ǿǿߣ֮ϣҲʲôر顣
Ȼ֮£ֵս˭Ҳûа취ȷϣ˵˭ǿһЩ
ǳǣڿȷǣ˶иߺǿΪߺھͶ֮
ʹܾͶҲԲôࡣ
ˣŹǰѣǷ۹ߣ˵ǸҵŮģֻҪŹңһкܶŮ޸壬޸㶼У
ʱ򣬺Ȼվ߾ߣߺŹǣߺתͷȥ
˵ǾǷ۹ˣǿЦǣȻˣɱˣߺ΢΢𣬵˵
ǣǲǵģҪǣǸ߼ң߷ƵһϣܹĹңô
Щ˻ڲϵĺ͸ߺּۻۣߺǵЦԽԽãһǱ˰ҵ游գĲ֪ʲôɿƹǣУոû׳˵ĸòɵŮˣǵŮƽ޹ʵļʲô
Źǣ͵żɣֻҪŹǣôԸ⣡ΪѾ޽ڲ٣ˡ
ԽģߺϵЦݾԽԽá
û뵽һ޲ŹǣΪǵĵ۹Ҫռ죬ΪʲôҪΪҪɱҵˣЩأ
ߺЦ˵һӣƮǣƮȥʱѾǲӰǺٴεĻˡ
ߺһţҵĳڻ㱨꣬һ۹۹ǻô޳ܣǸУҵļƻҪĽˣ
أʱмǱߴ˹ߺѾӽûˣһδεıš
عͷȥʱЦˣУȥ㻹ҷŹ㣬ҳϣҵĴҽĻȪˣǲʲôأ
ߺϴЦݣЦ
ûУûУûУвϵҡԼֻǿųªİͷ
ߺ˵ͷȻûеĻ߰ɣ
˵꣬ߺֻӳǰΧţҽԷޣԹ븺뵽Լ֮С
ߺûôˣʼԼɱ¾
Щߣ󲿷ֶԼĳУеѪȻ뷴
ȻԸߺʲôˣһƬѪߺƤëûͺХˡ
ߺֱߣ֪ռԽҴĿռȳ
ֻһţٴʧʱѪѾʧһɶˡ
ãһȽ˵ǰߺ˵˵⻹ǵһʽɣ
ǵģǴĲɱ㰡ҿ԰ͳ磬ҵİ취ڸߺǳ׵ľˣߺԴСɫʱ򣬹ƻƻͲϴˡ
ţͳİ취Բʺңߺ¶һ˿˿Ц⣬ЦʧʱҲȥ
漴ʧӰ٣Թ븺뵽ߺ֮С

һӹ󣬸ߺԲ֮ڣκһʵĲˡ


656 ˵
ǣոҵĶʲô𣿡ߺתĿǰʣǧߡ
ȻڸߺʵǳǿᣬǣߵҲǱҪġ
ǣԸ⳼ڣ˳ܲסѹˣڸߺǰϵ˵
ߺ˵ͷʶʱڿʼҾȴͳʼǣظңҸ裬ȵҷʱҪģӦң
˵֮󣬸ߺ˲ʧӰ٣һȴʼƮռ֮УصǵĶԱߡ
ϣҵʱûиı⣬ȻĻǵ³ҸոɱЩ˻Ҫң
֮ежһŸߺȥķ򣬾ڿһ㡣
Ǹô죿ǲǸȥȥһ˲˵
иεҡҡͷ㣿㻹ܶ㵽ȥߺҪĿͳ½ҪͶ㵽ɽҰȥȵߺϵʱٳ
Ǹϸ룺԰ҿܵߵǰ棡
ڵĸߺ䣿˵˲˵
棬жԸߺ˽ˣ˵ߺʮʱ򣬳ɾͻ棬ʮ֮Ǻ龳磬û꣬ȣߺɹĽ֮أʱ򣬾ǺӾˣΪֹʱߺڲʮң
ո˵Ǹ˵˵ͷûǵǰ棡ҿ϶ü꣬ңΪ֪ǿ١Ŀ϶ʱ䳤
ǱˣԹԷӸߺĻɣȻĻǶ֮صģǸ˽ߺ̾һε˵
˵֮ǵɢȥȥ
оħһЩɬøߺ֯ģںˣ˼ҷձˡ
ոҲҪһ֣ɵߺ룬ҿʱûôôˣڵѾھȪ֮ˡ
ûа취ˣֻܹˣħ̾һε˵
ôлƣԸô𣿡ߺԱߴ˹ߺӰӺȻ֡
ֵֻĲǱ𣬶֮۵Ӱӡ
ߺ㲻ڿҰɣȻҶǾԲвһΪ
ߺҡҡͷһ㣬ˣҪΪǵĴƣҵ鱨ţУ취ǵĶʵһ£üǵˣ
˵֮󣬸ߺӰڽʧˡ
ħ³һε뵽һҲ̫˰ɣֻǷƭˣţЩ˸ո˵ʲô󲻾Ļһ̫
漴תȥˣԶڱϵطȥڷ;УͲϵĿʼ˼Լô죬ôЩԪϽ
ȻԼ̨ϴϣǣ֮еĳϣֲֻԼһˣЩƵĳϣҲԼ࣬ңһЩƵߡ
һ·ϣ·ʮֵĶ̣µħȴ˺ܳʱ䡣
ħķţڸߺĿ֮УԭҲûд㿼ǶԷķգҪư£Ҫ
һζΪ˿ǣǾԲеģʱǿӲĴʩЧһЩ
ߺӰٵȥռ壬·𴩹ؿռ䣬档
վڱǰ棬ߺһͽУߺķƯ棬֣ߺʱ򣬵ĵ˵ͷ𣡡
ߺ˵ͷô£
ģ֮Ȼ˺ܶ߹ҪţϸѯʣŸɵģ˵
ڴ֮ڵҲȻڸߺǰŸߺ˴ĴָҲ̫˰ɣδ֪ҲˣһȻôǿˡ
ߺЦЦδȻһֱҵ
ԭߺոߣŵ˾ˣ仹ȻʮߣȻ½ģǣлôһߡ
Ƕǲľ磬һʼֵʱոҪǣǣں̶֮УߺķȻ
ֻй󣬾Щ½ߣʮйЩһ׶ߡ
ߣߺķЩ㡣
֧ţ͵֧Ųסʱ򣬾Ϳ챻ˣȻ֮䣬ʵǿǣоǲߡ
֮󣬷һֱ棬۲ܣҲ̫ˣϢʵÿһֶߺʵ޼
ֻǱԵһһЩûκεı飬һζģܡ
쳾տûκεı飬ֻǶԶԶģСһٽţôֱˣһ˿涼
ˣ֪ˣȥɡߺ˵˵ͷתʧڸߺǰ½˺̶֮С
ߺܸöǰ˵Ļһ˰ɣʲôǱ볼㣬ΪʲôһҪͳ½ԶԸߺ֮ǰ˵ĻȽϸȤ
ߺһЦλѣ˵꣬ͷȥ
ǲĸߺ֣Բûйǣֱȥߺǰһ·ߣϡ
λ˵꣬ߺԼλϣĶһƷ
ԶƷûʲôȤ֪ߺС㵽ôģ
ߺе鶼ˣҳϿҵ˰æȻԼ籾Դ֮鵱Ȼ˵ˡ
ֻ˵֮˵ģҳϿҵĽ֮ϵľ磬͸¶һ㣬ҽҪǡ
ڸߺ˵飬Ȼˣұ֤ܹߺæ
˵ǷǳҪģǸߺ˵ħ飬ǿ亦
뵱ħڵĻߣջûֻܹ֮ˣˡ
˵֮ҲǵĽ𣬽֮ǲ֮ˣ˾Ͷ֮˵ĻѾˡ
ҶԷսľָƣԵԻԷ֪һ
Ҫ֪Щ飬Ҳ֪
ͬ˸ߺҴӦߺһЩɵߺ͹ս½֮á
ϴֻǲħ飬Ͳ֮ͬ˵ôĴˡ
ǴζС¼εģǳ¼ˣ
ǲһ¸ߺʵߺ˷ֱսһ󣬶ԸߺС
Ҳ˵УûʲôضΪߺû򣬶ԸߺС

λˣߺԶԶıӰЩԸԼĿ⣬ֻܹ̾Ϣ


657 ư
Ҫ˵ߺʲôоߺԼҲ˵Ҫ˵ϲǣиоûе̶ֳȡ
ߺȻ¸ңǣڸһ˵ȴǲҳϣҲԸϣֻܻһ̾Ϣ
ߺ֪ħ٣׻ж೤ʱ䣬˵Щʱ˵ǷǳҪģߺһҪħ嵽֮ǰ½еͳһ״̬ԵħĽ
ȣʹſʼɣߺĬĬ˵û뵽žȻкУԸԼļˣϻϰë
ۣߺ۾ԼļˣȻҩԸԼļˣߺȻǲŹġ
ô㿴ķǳˬɣߺĿ˵ߣһӰӺȻǣĳŸߺ¡
үķǳл㣬ģллҿɵһĻҵĳˣ۹ײ䣬˵
ߺ˵ͷײ󲿵컹ûֻ˳ײײǾҪһˣ
ҸЩʲôɵ˵ȷԼܹЩʲôѯʸߺʲôʱܹ۹ڵѾȲˡ
ߺ˵ͷ֪е뷨ϣǣڵǣֻһֻͳˣ˵ܸ׳󣡡
ǵү룬ѾĲ˰ɣȻĻǲôɵģ񵭵Ц
ߺҲ¶һ˿΢ЦҪ˵ҪĳɹȻԼҲٵЧȴʮġ
˵ߺľʵЩһ֪ˣԲܹΥߺȻ³Ļܲҡ
ǱˣǸгˣȫˣʣЩˣҲͲʲô˼ˡ
ߺ˫ĿǰЩ̾Լĵһǳֵø˵飬ǣߺȴܸоԼ˲
˵ı󣬽иǿĵˣħٸߺز٣ѹĸߺ񴭲һǣߺȴӿȵġ
ħֵʱ򣬾ЩϧûħսʼһȱǣգҪٵģǱħڸǿħ塣
иоȱҪ챻ֲˡ
ϣеߣҪҪǿߣסԶģ
˵꣬ߺȥ֣Ҳûнڣǰֻ˸ߺָ
γ˧֣裬ҲڵĹֻڵѾֻΪһˣȨȴǸߺ
֣裬ǺþòˣӪԱߵУߺȻУλϡ
֣վڴǰ棬ߺĻŽתͷ
ߺǰСˣû뵽ҰľȻôҪͳȫ˵ȻҪͳ½֣ԸߺûĿ־塣
֪֣յϣߺǾԲôģ֣յϣҲԲ
ȻӦģҲԶûзĻˣΪȱ˸ߺʸûУ˵½ˡ
ߺһЦҲû뵽֣ҵĻҲȻôģһǼˣ½Ϊ磬ǻȨΪ𣡡
ðɣνҳΪʲô֣Ȼڸ߼ҵڶߵʱ򣬾͵ǻˣǣڸߺǰȻûʲôʲôʱҲûԳΪޡ
ҪҵȥԱߵĹңҽ֮ռˣڰǵѡһɵģУ֯ɱϢǰˣ
ߺ˵ֱӣû˵Щеûġ
ţ뵽ˣɣ֣ûѡأֻܹͷͬߺ˵
ߺҲ˵ͷ¶һ˿΢Цãɣˣ
˵꣬ߺӰѸʧԭء
֣ε̾һ治֪ʲôı뷨ĺܿ£ȻҪͳ½ȫһӣ
漴еر˾ͽԪ˧׼ռҵˣ
һ£Щ˻ûж׳Ӱͳ֮Уð̫ӵ£Ӧ˵ǻʵ۱˰ɣ
ʲô֣һ£˵
ǸǸ£˾ߺѵѾǳĸˣңߺһ˸Ƿһɵı򣬸÷
ʵ۱£ô˵˵ˣѩɹĳǳصĴƣ²̸ԣһһֱǸǽġ
ŶǵǺİȻĻǲһ˶ʮΣ֣֪Ǹߺĸ
ȻΪǿ̣»ûмܹȵǶˡ
ǵǻۼıµĹңӢ£ȷսıƷ
ǣû뵽ǣǸ·׷ҡҡͷˣֻǹһ߷ͷж͸ɳɹҰѣǵǲң
˭ôԴǣᱻŭģοȻǿܣǱϾǻʵۡ
ʲôĵ𣿡֣˫Բŭ
°˰֣ǣǲûǸйأֻǹ㣬ҪһЩԱƾ֤Ͼռ˼ҵĵ̣ȻҪóѩˡ
㣬޸㣬ˣ޵Ĵӡù֣˵
һ˴ΡΡ˽һӡݸ˸ǣûп־ͽǴӡջصԼĿռָ֮С
лˣ͵ˣʲô鶼عܣ˵ˣ˴֮˳ȥ
֣ϣֻʣ˿Ц
ôоί𣿡ʱ򣬺һ˹ҴŲ
Ӱʱ֣ա
СգҲ֪ǵĹңʲôӣ֣˵
֣յЦЦ룬ңÿǰǿʢҲΨһһͳ½ĹҰѣ
Ҫ֪ǲ򣬾ߡ
֣͵شϣˡ֪𣿳߼г𣬺ȥ̼
ǰɣôôͿôĻ
ˣ˵֣꣬ձ뿪ӪأֻĿ֣裬Ϣ

˲ˣ˫ˣһǳ֮У飬֮󣬸ǸߺӣҲЩǺ۷ߡ
Ȼˣлصвߣֻصʮֵһ㲻ó֡
ǸµҲǽٶޱȵĿ죬ңռǳظǿޱȡ
ǵķʮֵļ򵥣ֻǽǸǳعˣͶǵģͿԼǳأֻƱĳѩƺţӵֻ


658 Գ
ڸǸ³ֵͬʱߺҲڽܹĵĽԼĶڣֻԼһֱżˣȫߺˡ
θߺҪĿЩţȻĹңøǸǴûʲô⣬ϾƽĹңܹǺӾѾѵˣοǲ߾ˡ
ǣԸЩͲǸǸܹ˵ˣЩ֮УźܶǿߵĴڡ
ߺҪһֲͼֱѩСţ裬նˡ
ǸߺҪǣСһҪţǹֿ֣⻹˵ȻвߺҪߺ飬ͼӴ׵ĸ˾ͽǡ
һ㣬ߺûа취ˣֻôǳˣһ·ϸߺ˲ٵ鷳
ڸߺԽԽȷôˣڵ˼ҵĸ游ɱˣ飬ԽԽѰˣߺжһЩˡ
ôأߺвϵ˼ҲϵŶԲߣ֪ǽŵڡ
һ·ϣߺܹɣȫˣԸ⳼ɣȫΪ˱ڵķֲ
ֻǱԭţǲģߵʱ򣬸ߺ֮ǰһˡ
һ޴ĺŵһ࣬дţڡĳĳɡ
ɣһ֮ˣûɢˣȻΪͬϵڲϵ֮λ
һڸߺٵʱȫˣ֮еڶԸߺԲѷˣߺûʲôӦȻҲ˶࣬Ҫ۸ߺˡ
ǣѩʱһжˣЩȫľѪһˣյѩĵС
ѩĽջأߺ˵ţôɣ

ߺǰţæҪͳδ½
ߺĵ˵ͷҲˣҲ˵ѣǶһҪͳ½
ȻҲ˵ǣҪ֪ͳδ½ϰʵ壬Ȼ˵Ϊǿ󣬵ǣҲֻ֮еģʵҪǿģڵ峤һĴ峤
ߺ˵ͷ˵Ȼأ
㲻֪ǽģǰԲκ˺ҲԲκˣǣսϵʱǾͻᷴһ˵ţһ˿ġ
ߺˣЦЦǺ£ħ彵ٵʱͻ׵壬ΪֻҪͳδ½ģʵҲûǿ𣿡
ߺƲʮֵȷȷǶԷĵģĵ˵ͷȷĵģ֪㵽ʲô취أ
ߺǰ棬ǸƵɽ˵ֻҪΪôҾͽ壡
Ϊڵʵûʸ뾭֮ѾɹĽ˰ɣ費׸ߺ˼ˣ˵
ߺһЦ˵ʸʸ񣬴ӽĳƺžǾ˼𣡡
ɣƺŲǸ侫飬𣿡˵
ߺͣӣת˹εЦһЦӼеĳƺţұ˵㣡
˵֮󣬸ߺͱԼƣûдȥ档
ߺϵƸոձһ˿˿һǧɵĺӾͳ棬д⣺ڡš
һӰӴ浭ƯһЦͲͱˣɣпգˮ
ߺĿһЦ֮£ͷˣôæµһǽһˣӦδ֮£
˵꣬ߺҲƵˣĿŸߺߵķ򣺡ְ죬ǰͬˣ
СŮˣ棬һɰֲֻ
նҲԱ߲ϵ͵ЦΨ粻ңҲŹЦûСŮˣСŮˣĲ֪𣿡
ȤĿǰСһСһҲ̫ɰˣϴξȻıѣԼġ
СһȤߣ治ףߺҵĺΪʲôô⡣
СһΪʲôҪô˵أ˵ȻҿǲŹǵŶ΢ЦĿǰСһ
һС˵ģɲҪҸ˧ŶôͻΪǵСˣСŶ
ͨ죬Сһﻹǲ֪ߵغ񣬾Ȼô˵Լ
ûеӦʲôԵԣնԱ˵ˣǿòûӹϰֵҪ֪һŮ˶һ˲Ȥʱ򣬾Ǹ˻ʱ򣡡
СһôĿɰ˵ôЦСһҲ̫ˣҪĸ׺úùܽһ£
˵ˣͿʼңңӣȷһҲȽϰȫһᾡľĽ̵ǵģ
ߺԭڵȴСһϵСһ̫̫Ѿ˻ˣߺǱȽϷĵġ
ϰ֣Сһûʲôŭôո˵Сˣʵ
ߺһģ䣺СһҲ޷ˣЦôܹأ
ϴͨУߺ֣ķˮΪ֪Լ䣬ΪΪûдﵽʵľ硣
ԷûóȫʵԼȡʤǶԷܹͻƵʵľ磬ߺ֪ܲսʤԷˡ
ϴΣ֮Улʹĳ֣Ѳɣ֮У˺˫ɯ֮⣬и֣һǲ˵ĸ֣ǿ
ߺеóôһĵĽۣжŵļɵǶһ֣´ΣʱҵҪ浽׻ʲô֣

ǸߺĵڶĿ꣬򣬸ߺͲ⣬ȴͬ۹۹ߺû
ǿЦҵҪҸ߼ĵ۹᲻ڣߺ˵
Ҳʮֵļ̫ˣҵĳ޾ͿҪˣ۹пܣǣ
ǸһȥɣȻ˵Ҳ˵ͷ뿴ǵʵ״ﵽʲô̶ȣ۹Ӧ˵һʵɣ
ǣĲвأܹɹеЩֹˡ
ߺ΢΢𣺡٣ҷΪǡǡ෴һٶ಻ߣɲǰģң濴ǣһʲôģȥɣ


659 
ߺû뵽ܹô֪ײ峤ѾˣʵǣѲû𣿡
⼸˳۹ʱ򣬺׾̷ǣǿˣڰеĸߺпʼһ˿õԤУ鲢ûԼô򵥰ɡ
ˣȥߺڵд㣬ɱҡǣ񲢲Ϊڸߺվǵǰ
ײ峤ȴӰЩ
ߺһЦûǣֻԶԸĶֵʱ򣬸ߺͻְæ
ȻʵԶԸĵˣߺŻֵģȻߺҲƲֻ֣浭Ĺš
𡭡
ڸߺ۲ѩ˰ȫʱھսƬ򣬺Ȼһŭ𣬴ﱬ
·ϵ֮ģвĲη塣
ʲôߺ˵һ˵ţһǱ߾սȥ
ֻƬطһɵľ޴צϵԭطڣÿһηڣƬռһ¡
ÿһ𶯣˵Щͱ׷׵Ļˡ
裿ߺ˵ϣܵϢߺԿ϶ڿвĺɡ
㾹ңҶĲ㣡һӰſеȥٶȼ죬Ż⣬ֻһǰ
ߺһ£ţ죬Ӧþײĺ졪˰ɣ֣ҪСһ㰡ʲôƲ簡
ڿУͬըףȻСҿ۹ǵĶһЩߣԵҲܹߺӰ
˵˭Ȼ۹Ҳ磬ңӻǼ˵ͷͷ˳Ծ˵
ײĺٵڿͣԼ壬ߺߺһɲǣסˡ
Ǹߺҵ׾˵ģ˵⣬˫ð˿˿⣬֮ϻȶǵصѹȥ
ߺһЦСҲóҫ˵㲻Ǻ˵һ;һսսһȻ˵ĻôҾ͡
˵⣬ߺ˫Ȼһɣ
ߺһĺʹӸߺбȥǷ̱֮ߺĺˣ˲ʧӰ١
㣬ôôǿ󣬴˵ֻǲһľ磬ʹǾ䣬Ҳܽ뵽־磬Ҳǲ߶Ѱ
ڿߺʵ֮󣬺˶оԼΣ·оԼܹˡ
ԶܹˣΪߺϵĺѸٵĽΧˣ漴ͬȳʳһ忪ʼ𽥵ڡ
ĿԼĲԼ˿֮ߣߺ˿ҲѸٵĻָ
ǣָٶȣԶԶϸߺĸʴٶȣɲϵɢʧˣǿĿݹǣ˵¶
ں֮еĺ˵ľ󣬱㻯һѿݹˡ
ڿԹ꣬治϶ĿݹǣͬѪҺš
磬Ҳ̫ʲô˰ɣսһµģû뵽ȴˣ㣬ͳΪҿ֮ʳˣ
ڿеĺſѪڣ۴е˵ߺ亹˵֣ҪҪΣȻĻҿһȻô˵ĸоЩ찡
һ£Ȼίľܾˣҵѡѡϲ
˵꣬Ȼ۹ĻʹˣϵĽǳɵӲޱȣȻʹ췭ظ
ߺ˶ˣû뵽ôǿӲ壬ҶеĽˣ
𾪹𾪣ǣߺûķӦǾڿվţܷһ㡣
Ϊսأң۹棬һЩûгǾˡ
ߺţǲ֡
Ȼһ⼸˷׷׵ǳˣڸߺУǾͬСһͲǸߺĶ֡
ԣڸߺУǸ߲һС
ײɱһҹߺ˶Ըײļ֮󣬸ߺͲٶˡ
Щ棬ȻҲһЩģǣ˵ʵûʲôвĵط
ߺ֮󣬲Լӵ׶ôĿ£Ͷ֮䣬ǿԷָصޱƻʹ֮С
һ֣Ǽ̵Ļʹ̷ֳ˺üݣƽ羵⻪ޱȡ
ʮָָ֮һͿԷֽʯֲ
ߺЩ̾츳ʵ̫ǿˣ岻Ϊ˵еʣֱĴڰ
һҹȥ֮󣬸ߺڿˣ۹İǣ·ߣһǳǱڣǱߺһǸ۹һ
ߺ˵仰ʱ򣬱ŻвķӦǣߺ벻ǣȺڷӦңߺһӦ
ԭײԼԭƬ½֮ϣǿһس֮ǿĲ䡣
ǱԭϰߣˣٻĲܶ฾ŮˣЩ亦ȴҶ˵ʲô
ڣߺĳֶ˵Ǿһ㣬ֱǸ
飬ҾͽˣڿʼʱΪƬĵѩϣǸһţ
ߺ˵Ψûаʲô飬ʱ򣬸ߺһЦǣҪһЩ飬ǾΪǸ߼ұ𣡡
Ȼߺ뽫Լĳޣһȥǣ۹ձΪԼĳӣΪ屨飬಻ݴʡ
ǵĶ΢΢Ѹ٣ߺʱǻڶأߺֵʱǾˡ
Щˣ˻ţǾ䣬Ϊ˵ʱˣû뵽ӭǵģȴѪϴ
沢ûʲôвߺȫԼֱߵ˻ʹ֮С
ҪǣոմߺѸٵıɺڵӰ١
һֱʹĴ֮ϣڴ֮ŵģǷ۹Ļʵۡ
Щ˵ķӴܣ˵򶨵Ľ
㵽˭ΪʲôǷ۹ѲĲԺڲȥǵĺܿ۹
˵˵ߺҲĵ˵ͷ֪㻹ǲǵø߽ˣ
ʲô˵Ѿû򶨵ˣȻǵãǲŹʱ䣬ǸĲڻǴΪЦء


660 ҵ
˵ǸСңǸСĵӣ۹Ļʵ۾ֵ˵ţǸѹɱС壬Ȼôǿˡ
ߺĵ˵ͷ˵֮Ƿ۹еĻ壬ΪԭҪҿȰͶϧǣȴΪľɣ
Ʊж񱨣۹ĻʵۣЦѾһַĵزˡ
ߺ˫񣺡ȷƱǣֻĴ۶ѣ
ôȻǣǣ۹۹ЩԣףΪʲôߺð޴Σչеľǡ
ԼܹˣڸһϢһŹҵģ۹ĳѾۼ˸·֣ǰȥıڣҪɱȫңȫеŮ潣ԼˣѲɾͲļ𣿡
ߺ΢΢𣺡ǶԲסˣ۹Щˣˣ
˵Ǽģ۹˶ˣȥĿٲߣǿҲսɣο滹кųǿߣأ
ߺ΢΢һϣ㻹ȥȥǰɣţܹǣǻһܺõĽͣ
һˣֻһŮѣͿԻҷ۹ڲ쵼ĵλҲˣ
ߺҲЩ׶Է뷨۹һɫԵķӣʱǣͷҲһ£ͷֻһŮȻѡǰˡ
Ȼܹ뵽򣬲˵½߼ҵĸߺһĸ֣ǻ᲻Щأ
紵ߺһͷ׷Ʈݣһ㡣
ٴδʱ򣬸ߺӰѾ˷򣬶λ֮ϣֻһݹǣܽš
沢ûʲô֣ԣߺ˵ʱѾЩȫˣء
ϰ֣սûʲô˼ʲôʱܱôǿ󰡣˵
ߺ¶һ˿ڸ׵ĴȰģʲֻҪŬһģ
˵ͷҪȥﰡ
ߺȻЦȣһЩҪԼأܹģҪĵȴ
ȻһӰڸߺǰ˸ߺȫʶǴ۹Ĺ棬ĵӡ
ǧǼߺ֮󣬶İһݣμˣ
˵ڵĸߺѾԭȵĸߺˣߺҪͿģҪʲô
Ƕ˻ţΪߺôǿҲ̫Űɡ
ǣ֮оͶԼʦĻŲˣû뵽ôʱûߺȻѾ־ˡ
ǶߺΪǶ٣ֻ֪ڸߺǵĸоʦɲĸо
ţԭǶλ֪߰Ϊ¶ߺȻǰǲû԰
֪һͽܣǲŻôԴԼġ
ģ£ʦǸ׼ȫͳβģң˼Ҳ׼Գˣ
ߺ˵ͷûκβı飬ߺڲĻûʲôԶûӵеӴԣǱȻġ
ľͰǰˣҸʺãģˣԣҴ㽫ƵȻǱ֮µΨһ۹ѩ۹
뷨ߺ֮ǰˣֻڸΪʵѡ
ģϾ࣬Ȼ䣬½ʼˡ
Ǹߺĸо棬кܶ಻Ϊ֪ĴڣҪǣһ˿ƽϢϢߺһϸо
Ǹ˾ڵİǻħ֮İ
ѾħˣҲ˵ģкܶżЩż֮лӡħ塣
ߺӿкӿһö̳Уðź
û齻ǰЩ˵ߺ˵
˵꣬һöȥǧһѾץסˣĶŸߺ˵ͷ
ǧһ±ĺȣоǶôı䡣
˵ʵҲǧ
ߺ֪Է뷨ǣʹ֪ˣҲʲôĽͣö飬Ȼӵĺȴˡ
Ϊߺһ˿ռ壬еĸӡ
Էûܵ˺ҲǱȻģȻ鶼ˣߺҲͲ̫ˡ
ȸˣߺ˵صʱ򣬸ߺӰӰѾ֪١
Ըǧ˵ôˣ
ṦǿǴû֮УʵǸоʲôǧϿҵĻش
ҡҡͷоΣУǧĲߣʹһģҲ˲佫ĨɱǣȴܹһĹȫɱѵ⻹˵ʲô𣿡
顭
Ҳ˿ռɣ
ʲôܰɣҪ֪ڲֻǵʦ
ûʲôܵģȻôǿ󣬻ʲôܵġһ겻ʱ֮ڣһ𣿡
ǧȷҡҡͷȷǳ˿԰õġ
ǸˣأϾҪˣǰССˣ۹֪ˣҪ½һδѪ

ߺ֮󣬾ͿʼԼٶȣٵǲ׶󲿷ֵߣǸߺ߹ģԶڸߺĵǲа˿ĵ
ԣ̵ʮֵļ򵥡
ߺֻԸǽ׶ոʣǱ֣ȥ뿪ˡ
ױ͸˵ˣڸߺûʲôѶȡ
ǸߺȥĲҰѳţһս
һǸߺԸԵģҡ
ڵңѾǵˣ䣬½ĲȻӣҲҵͳΣһ˿š
ߺս֮󣬾ȥˡ
ߺҰģȻҶĨɱѵĲںĸ𣿡ڣҵΨһȨˣҲΨһߣˡ
ǣҪ˵ĲߣǶǷ֧ڵһѾ֧ռĲˡ
ֻͳѣ벻Ҫ谭ң
ߺޱ飬ȴޱȵĿɬ
룬ҼʹգҲܱƨҪ󣡡շߺ޵˵
ǾͲˣͽˣߺʵڲ̿Թ޵񣬵ķԸ


661 ʷ
õģͽҰɣǵһ˿ΣգոҪ֣ȴˡ
Ըߺ˵ϰ֣ҪСļеȫ˵ˣ֮󣬸ôȥСССأ
ߺһ˳˼󣬲Ѿ߰ɣ߳ȥȥҲĵطȫߣ´μ棬ҾͲˣ
ʱһִֹ˹ߺܹҸ˵һ仰
˵ĲǱˣߺᡣ
ߺĲȥǣʵڵвԷֲ̬֮£ߺ˲ǰʲôֱ˵ˣ
ž
һĶ⣬ȻʹǣߺȻǶͷת򣬸κġ
⵽ʲô˼Ѳʵڱɱ𣿡ߺ˫һ˵Դһû˸Ҵߺأ
죬ȴһŮ˽䣬øߺܡ
ðҾվɱң˵ˣ㲻ɱңһһɱģϣɵı飬ĿҲ崿
ߺ˫һ־ҪǸߺһȥǶͷ
߰ɣҲٿˣߺ²֣˵ӽ򣬶ҸߺأߺǶѩ۹ĳ񡣡
˵ţߺӰһʧڰС
е˶Ÿոոߺ˵ĻûзӦǲǽܲ˭ͳβ
ǲףΪʲôһε֮󣬸ߺΪٴο
ϴΣǿߺʱ򣬻ǸߺսʱһΣߺЩңû
Σߺǳ׵ĽҸĨɱˡ
ˣ򶼿ʼڸߺ֮УߺĸоԼƿ֮С
·ԼΪĿһ㣬Ȼֻǹۿǣе鶼Լ֮С
ߺ֪ˣڵĲѾ඼շˣߺңңĿԼķ´˵һеˣʼľۼ
ʵʢŲˣǾЩˣھĵطң֮ǣһ£
ȻȽ˲ƣǣΪǵİȫߺҲ˲ˣϾħ嵽֮󣬸ߺ֪ᷢʲô顣
ߺ֮󣬾ලɽɽ֮ϣɡ
ֵȻǱˣߺԼȴ裬жȥ
εĿģոʣշڸߺѾǰʵľˣߺԿ϶Լٴߵʱһʧܡ
ڣҪĿ꣬Ƿˡ
Ȼʮ仰а˾ǼٵģǣڶԷһֵߺȴŲɡ
Ҳ˵ģȻʵʵ̫ǣҪǰ׶εǿԷǰ׶ӦòǺ
ڷʵĻԲţǶ׵ĻȷŲɡ
Ϊ׵ǿ󣬸ûƭıҪ
ߺҪȥ費׵ʵȻ֪˲飬ǣȴ֪ײںδ
ҪȻĻҳ˰˲ڵأҽ֮ˡ
ߺûлشֻǿٵڿзţ羰ٵĴӹξԸߺûʲôս
ԣߺܿ͵ˡ
̧ͷţǵ˵һƬص㣬ߺпǧ
Ȼһ˿ԾȻϵС˵ϵıš
һߺ˫һУ˵
ôˣٵߺԱߣ˵
ߺ˲ޱȵı䣺û뵽ˣȻ˸ڻڶʳĺ뿴㵽Ǻˣ
˵꣬ߺӰѸٵĴԭʧһ̣Ѿ뵽ˡ
İ˲̫ǿˣԣߺԾֻһǰߺǲôĵģ˽ıԴ
ǣʹֻһ㣬пܷ飬ǾԲǸߺҪġ
ߺо棬꣬Ƿ˸ߺĴڣʼߺ
ûȸߺ֣һӰٴγڸߺߡ
磬һ£Щ㲻ҲԲգ֪˸ߺܹϵһ֮æֹߺ
ߺתӣţ˵ʲôѲɣЩ޵ǡ
ûлɾᷴԼΪʮֵ壬ҪȻҲԼɣԼˡ
Բ𺮸磬һ֮еģҲܽ㣡ЩǸ˵
ߺֻǲĿ˿ûʲôԣҪģֻһ˲Ķ˵Ҫ
֮УߺһҲı䣬ǶԾôҪߺûмڶ֡
ôˣߺʵ
⡭սӢ飬ǰ˲һרĵطҿһˡ
ߺһЩϢȻЩ֮ŵϢ
ţЩͽˣߺûзԾ߼ҵӢ飬ǸߺĻҲһԲύˡ
飬ǻλ˼ߺ⡣
ڸô죿ܾܲհɣҪ֪滹зʵ꣬ҿʱһĶˣ
ߺ˵ȻЩӢԼܶǣߺҲԲ˲ʲô
˼һ£ᶨ˵⡭Ұɣһģһʲô취
ʱ䣬ԽԽͿ챻ˡ
ЩҲʼϵһӿ϶µѾǵĵˡ
ɶ񡭡ʱԽԽȣԽԽϵϢȻı
ƵһɲǣЩȻһЩ춯ǾȻʼΣ۳һ״ɫ
ЩͬɫʼϵĻɣ󣬻˾ֱǳϰ׺ڽ𣬾ɫ
ǡ֡˵
ǣû˵꣬ЩӰͿʼһӵϣ֮ӿȥ
ѸٱͻѹѹƵ˹ȥ
忪ʼΣϳ˺ɫƬǡ
һĹ򣬶ԷѾӰת̬֮ϵƬȻʼϵķת󣬾ȻΪŲʵɫ
ߺ˶ˣңԷϵԽԽǿΪҲԽԽߣȻڿٵš
Щ֮У̺Ųͬ᲻ᱬأߺ뵽
ȻߺĲûеõʲô֤ʵԷܹȫЩꡣ
û뵽Ȼʷ塣һȻ֡
ߺ̧Լͷʼ꣡
ףСһû뵽һӰӸߺǰʼΣһɢŽɫϢӰ


662 ǿ
ôͻأĳֵģûʲôԤףǣǽɫϢǺŨңǣߺϸܵ˻ߵϢ
ߺȻĻߣǣ˵ϾѾһˣԣԻߵϢҲʮֵһߺĲˡ
ʵҲҲ׵ǣʵȫпѳΪʲôȴأߺ˵
ӰֻͷͱȾ֮һ嶼Ҫ󣬸ߺֱˣһҪһ߸
ȿȡߺ뵽⣬æɿȻˣҪĿ겻ո˲
Сڵţʷ壬ֻ崫˵֮УǻʼֻǶŸߺһ¸пȻûߺ
ߺҲǺܾ¶ԷΪڵĸߺȻûеߣǣԷϾֻѡ
ңߺ꣬ԪոպÿƶԷԸߺҲôԼǶԷĶ֡
˵ǰ㻹ûлشոҵʻأǲ̫òˣߺһ߿˶ͷϵĶžۿһԱ߰˵
šǸͷϵĵͷͷߺɣֻҪб壬棬ʹڣôĵͷɵضɽҡ
ϵĵͷߺ˷ܵΪȥˣ֣͸Ƶġ
ˡһҺòã˵˰ĻˣС㰡ߺ̲סˡ
˵ʲô˲ͷӦˣĿŸߺϺȻΪǿҵĹâ
ߺԵıâҫһ˿ͷ֣ոձҫƤȻʼһ˿Ѻۡ
ţߺҲ˫һУϿʼӿұúõ˵仰أȻ㲻Ը⣬ҾֻܹӲˣ
СӣģոսһǰʵĽ׶Σ㻹ͨİʣԣҾܾս
ʾȻȻȻľܾ˺͸ߺսøߺһ㱻׵˸о
ǶȻôоеǰأߺͷǺߣܾս˵ôûʣȷû
ҵȻˣСӣ㲻ҪСңҿǵĵʮأ˵Լͷ
ߺæסԷ죺ͣҪ䣬ڵ㣬Ҿֻһͷشŵ֣ûʲôʮ֡һˣʮֲ֣ǵһ֣ţʲôʲôýģ
һɵӵŸߺ˵ϻǵĵһ֣ǵһ֣ҲǸʶ
ߺ֮˫һʲôʵķսˣ
ûһھôʱˣôҰ춼˶ߣһܲдͦ˵ģ
ҲʶԼ˵ʲôôһ˵̽˲١
Ŷԭ㲻ǸĶ֣ߺһȻӿŶԷӵ˵
Ҳ˰죬ɵ
ԭող֣ȥķսˣȥǱЩӢ꣬ȫ÷
Щ꣬Ҳ֪ս˶ٴˣܵ˵ȽϴһЩӮüͦСģǸɡ
ôô죿ߺָžȥΪڵķѾ۷״̬ˡ
ǣӣʵߺġ
ĵĽҰɣȥɣǸҲǸˣô֪ܲߺ뷨أ
ߺĵϸ֪Զ˵ǰˣʵĵϸ֪ǣȴʮĵˡ
˵ܣ˻أôֹ
ھӺˣ˵֮ˣټϾʷ壬ҲԲӺġ
ʷ壬ܹģǣܹյչͬԼΪʱٻֳ
ǡãе꣬ʣǾϣټЩ޴ȥȫԸĽ뵽塣
һ͵˾ʾȻԶˣ˵Уʣֻеһγɵʱ򣬲ʡ
Դγûгֹʣôܹʲ

ߺ㣬漸һӰӶûˣͲͬսá
Ըߺ˵һˣϾߺܵӾͿԵˡ
ʱ򣬷һڽԱߣϤӰԱߡ
뵱Ȼһߣֻ߱׵ѹסˣڷʵ²š
ʣмˣߺûżǸɱ֪һֹģȻĻȽʽ
Ҳ֪ԼԷʣ١
˭ʲʵڸߺѾͨףӰˣûʲôϤϢķȻҲͲʶߺˡ
ߺһЦ˭ҪҪǣڵı嵽ǻŻˣ˲һ֮󣬾ܹõ
ߺЩڣԼеĻһԵȫ˳ĿŶԷгɱ¾
ţû뵽Ȼ֪ô飬ĻǾ㲻ˣЩĿŸߺ֮˵
ߺһЦðҵҪʵôұȣ
˵ţߺʼͷԼȫЩսʱһֱѹţսǡ
֪ԼȫͷųܹʲôЧ
ǣ첻ͷǲˣȻֻԭķ֮һٵʵǣϾ֮еĵһ֡
Լֻһʶѣ߼ûдﵽе̫Զˡ
ʼסĶң濪ʼһ㺮Ѹٵĸ棬ⶼ˺
ңһɲǼ䣬Ǻ͵˵ز
ʸܵвɢԼһ֡
ֿܹ⺮ǣЩûȫ뵽֮е꣬ûпܱߺĺ
֪ǣпһܹ
ߺĺȻȪͼĴڣԹָҲӵĿֲ˵ľɱ֡
ţ˫һУ㵹еͣΪƾЩܹҲ̫߿˰ɡ
˵ţʵ֮УʼĻʹ⣬Щʮֵң˷ȥ͸㣬ˣʹ֮£ȫڷʡ
ңߺܹܵԷĻʹЩӻֻ߲ͬʹȻֱӹ


663 Ű
ʵǻʹߺǲεʱ򣬱ֵߺɫҲָ˹ȻԼþ¶ԷˣôҲûʲôõĵˡ
Уߺֱӽ쾳磬ԷĻʹκá
ôôǿ󣬶ңϢôᣬСӣͬĻһֹͣΣЩˡ
Ǹߺ壬ǱǸһöˣңҲȽ׳ɹ
ߺѲǰ°ɣôܻٴϵֻЦЦǰҲܰĵ
֪ĵӴˣ̫ˣȻŽʹЦš
Ȼһת쳣ķ񣺡ֵҺ޵ݣҪȫġ
ǾԣҵǺ֪ôģߺɫҲ𽥵

ﬡ
˵ͬʱʧһײһ𣬸ߺʵѸٺˣһױȵŲֱȥб
̫̫죬Բ֮ڣһԲεĿȱڲ֮ϣֻ̫ǷԲǧĿȱ
ôսأң֮е˫һУȻķ֣ߺʵȻԼ¡
ߺһЦûʲôܵģҲֻ˶ѣڵ㣬ûʲôвҵĳ̶ȣΪʲôҪЭأ
ߺķʣЦ治ĿҲ̫һ㣬Ȼһȥɣ
˵ţϺȻΪǿʼߺѹƶȥߺĸоԷ֮е
ߺ˫һУߣȻ꣬Ҳֻǰռ꣬ȻȵΪһ֮ͻ᳹ռǵ壬ǹ޳ܵģ
Щ£㶼֪ˣ㵽ʲôˣߺķǳԣʲûзԣǳ˸ߺ˵
֪Ȼߺܹ֪ô飬һԼָˣԼڷҲûʲô˼
ԭΪҵļ̳˵ģȻĻһʱ򣬼ʹǸǿĻߣҲԲҵĶ֣Ȼ֪ôˣǾ㲻ˣ
ʵ˫֮һ˿ɱ¶ߺ˫񣬸оϤڵʱ򣬶ԷҲ񿴹ԼǣƲлҲûõʲô³׵С
Һ֮ǰͿúܲˬڣҪԼˬĶȫԼ侳һ±вζ
ҲøߺΪԼļ̳ˣСһ̫¡
ߺҲԲԷЭģֻķ֮һĲлܵв˫һ֮ϣܻûмܹԸġ
ԼڣǴ˵Ķ֣˵ıռҲ˵
ǣʲô룬ոͷŻʹ⣬һֵĶֵһޱȵߺϴһЩ֪Ķ
ЩΪ֪ĶΣյڣҲǾʤڣһ㣬ԼҲǳ
һȭ·Ŀռ䶼ڸƶŸߺķƶ
ߺ˫һǲĿռ䣬ʼԼƶо֪Щ֣ԷȻ˽ռ塣
ңռеĳ̶ȣȻ˿Լ֮£һ˿˿ԽԼ˼
ռ壬ʹȻǿ󣬾ȻѾʩչռˣߺ˫һУ˵
СӣʶĻ٣ǿռ壬ô㻹ˣʶڸߺȻϳԼǿռ壬Щ죬Ծûз
֪ܲܶԸǲͬġ
ߺоܵĿռ俪ʼԼѹԼûа취ˣֻӲһС
ǣԷһеǿ󣬸ߺ֪ԼӲһе³һܲҵġ
ѩߺ˵忪ʼͬϸһǹƵġ
ңߺʼٵתռ壬ǿĿռҲֻпռܹˡ
ߺ壬·ǲռ䴩Խһ㣬ǵȭߺû˿⣬ôƽĴд˹
Ҳ˿ռ壬ôܣڲŶ䣿˶ˣʵû뵽ߺȻǿֵزȻѾ˿ռ塣
ʵǿС򣡡ߺ˵ͷų㣬ڸߺΧ֮С
羡ܿʼϵ֣ԷʵĻ˺ѾһЩʼ˷ϵƣ˺ҧˡ
һЩǿģʵһЩ˺
ʸܵɺʱ˵ĺͣ󣬾ֵĿŸߺⲻǱڵôӵУⲻܣԲܡ
ķˣţΪѹĵط֮˺رĸߡ
Ȼǻʼ꣬ǣڵǰһС䶼㲻ϣֻһѡ
ҿߺĻȪ亮ڵ˵Ƿǳĸߣԣʵûô
ԾڲϵСУϵÿһݣռ䶼ʼһݡ
֮棬綼ʼЩط˱ⷽԲ֮ڣ·ĩһ㡣
ɽѣˮ綼·𲻶ϵĲ
⻹Ϊа˲סԷûнסԷߺ󣬻ᷢʲô顣
֮˵ĹȻûֻ߼ǿǷŵȥĻԶˣ
ߺЩпã֮һûУǼΪȷġ
Ƭ˵ԲлŰȻĻĻ
𡭡˵ʼѪɫϵĹ꣬ɪɪⳡս֮Уǰ͵ġ
ܹסԼǲ֮еˣҪ˵սˡ
ƺΪֹˣЩ꣬ʼĴȻŹߡ
Щڶ࣬ͬȳһ㣬ѹȥʧʱҲֻʣһѿݹǡ
߹ȻڲͬȻйͷߺ˵
⻹꣬ЩݹԾɴڸߺ֮С
һ߾߿üӿʼĻѩ֮гȳһԸɱ֣Ȼ߷ѣһÿʼѩ֮г֡
һʹȥһߵ֮ϣȻһڼֱ˽ȥȻڵĿʼ׽
ֻһգ۵Ĺһ߶ʧӰˣЩø˽ȥ
Щһģʼʵڳȥ
ʻ֣ϾЩֻ˺ҧûн֮ж̶סЩþͲͬˡ
ǰʱ򣬷׷ױߵõ״ͬһʸ


664 ս
СӣǲŹģ㣬ҵ봫֮³Ҳһ򱶣ʵԽԽ֪Լ
û뵽ջڸߺôһСУԭΪһƬ½ûκܹвĴڡ
ո߻ǲףΪʲôȻְʣǲѧĴڰ
Ҫ֪֮ϣҲֻв죬һ㣬޻֮յѹȸоܹо
ߺһͽ˶𣿿Ҳˣ
ڷһֲĽ֮У忪ʼıûˣߺ֮еЩԩʳɾˡ
ߣҽһ˿л꣬Ǿûа취ȵģƴһ˿Ÿߺŭ
ߺƽĿǰƽһУǸˣͱߺʵĽ֮ˡ
һŽǸ˵ʬߵ÷飬ߺһһȻ˲ʹɹˣҲҪʬΣ
˵꣬ߺ˲棬žǸ˶ͷΪǰҽ˲ˣӦҲʲôɣ
˵ţߺ̧Լͷֱ˶ͷ
ͷ΢˼һ£˵ͷʵ˲ȻǣҸո̽⺢ӵ֪Щ귢ľ
ߺһЦû˵Ҳ˵ˣЩľʹЩһı
û뵽ֻǵս֮ʣµ㣬Ȼ廨ô󣬾Ȼʷϵڶλʷٵ壬ֱǵòʧ
Щп˵Ƿߺǧ
ôǲǵˣôĳǱˣߺĿڵʵתҲЩ졣
Ҫ֪ȻԷʣǣߺôͨ嶼һЩԴļһ˾֮⣬ߺûˣء
֪ʲô˲ֻǷģİ˲ɴˣɵģԣͲԱģ
ʲмĿ˸ߺһۣ˵ֻҪǰСһǿˣôԺ˾Ϳˣ˵ܴڶ˲ǱʲôǰƷԱģ
ߺЩȻĵ˵ͷǻߺҲûʲôͣǸҴˣҽ뵽ߣܹһƬ
ƾ㣬һƬǿЦ֮˼Ҷָɱ㣡Ǹʲм˵
˵ߺˣԷ״̬֮£Ѿܳʱˣľûдﵽĵزԣûа취Լ۳͡
һ״̬֮£ûа취Լǿ۳ǾǻĽס
ڸߺѾﵽף߽ǻߵǸҲֻ߽׵ܹ
֮Уʹ֮˱ޱȵǿԼҲȫͷųңߣûǺܿµģǸûа취Լޡ
һҲҪһǾͲǷķ֮һǲ֪Ƕٷ֮һ
ڷ굽ںηû֪ҲǱӡĳطħһһЩżӡˡ

ߺٵʼֻڸߺΪʱͬգټѾʽڻͨˡ
ԣߺʹҲʮֵѸ٣ܵ˸ߺôٶȣǸһЩľս
˿Щ꣬ھû꣬ҪĻ»Ҫһ̵ʱգοĻǣûء
ټĻǣӲյˡ
ܲܽƬռǣ˲ֻ֮ҪˣǸʵ˵
ߺ˵ͷ򵥣ûʲôѶȣ
ȷԸߺ˵ûκεѶˣ˵֮ǰʽȷЩѡ
ǣԴӵõǾͲǺˣ˵ܼ򵥡
ѸٵĽסˣȻٵС뵽ߺĻ꺣֮УߺҲڳ档
ԭ꣬İߺ۾˲Ĺá
֮ܶ곤ʱ䣬ıǣһ֮󣬾ͻͬˡ
һøӵǿ󣬱ǸߺҪӵеġ
ֵսʱڣνѩ̿ˣʲôˣֻҪʱԼлᣬͿԱȫ
ǰߺĺҲĹЧֻȴˣΪߺĺһʩչͿ˲ʧӰ١
ߺ˵ͷβ漴Ӱһͬľһˣ
棬һҲˣ˲㣬ȫոˣȻҲ編ơ
ȫʰʱ򣬸ߺ֣һΪأ澹ȻŴǧ硣
棬ֲЩֲ඼ʵʥڵİ˵ѵһġ
һ˵ߺ͸ҪˣΪڵĸߺҪԼ˵ʵٵ
ȻڸߺʵѾ㹻ˣαߣǶӵ½
ǣߺȴô򵥣Լߵʱ߼һǿͳƬ½
ֻͳƬ½ߺʱ򣬲ܸӷȡ磬ȵΪһʱ򣬾ͿԶĳΪƬˡ
Ȼߺ֪ƬҲǺǣ֮ͬ˵ģ֮أôΪȫһƬʱǸߺԼͻͽ
ߺ֮˵ˣԼıԴԽǿôҲ͸ӵǿ
֮󣬸ߺص˲ĵʥɽѾһƬˣܶǲߣʥɽԶ֮ңһЩߣڲϵĽŽ
ǹģ֮Ӵ˺ţߺԿ壬ǸһƬѩ״ġ
ѩˣҵıڣҲˣߺ˵
ʥɽ֮ϣһĲ֣ѩÿռһɽĵطõλã˸ߺ
ߺ棬ŮߣߺĿ񣬶Ůڸߺ棬ǵһѵҩ
Щҩˣߺоõ̰
ŮΪٵţޣʾͷǳĸߣһǽ١
е־ҲǣΪɿ죬־ߺ˽ʵǺܶ࣬ǣȴ֪־ԶֻԼԼˡ


ߺӵ˲򻹲Ȼ빥Ǻе̫̰˰ɣڸߺǰվһǿ׳Ĵ󺺡
ߺ˵Ѿ֮еˣֻҪ˳ңҾͷŹ㣡


665 ħϮ
ϰ֣һﻹɣ֣ʱȻڸߺԣ˵
ߺҡҡͷȻѾǲ߶ľˣߣҲǲмڹ˵ģǣ԰ʣ㻹Ƕ֣
˵Ÿߺվ˳Ͳһˣô꣬Ѿоҵ˼ˣɣҿܲһ㣡
ߺ⻰Էɣǳ裬ȻҪһͽԼоԼЩҲסˡ
úúã˵ߺԴ󣬽һȻ鴫ҪһҾһ˽ˣ
˵ţһûпôеģһʹбȥ
ƬضƺѵˣĲȫ룬ǲ㳤죬֮£ҽ˲ӿˡ
ЩսǲɵǣߺҡҡͷǺݾȻĻˣҲûʲôˣ
˵ţߺȻ³һǿʮֵĺ䣬Ҫеһжסˣؿʼ˲һ㺮ҽʼᡣ
֮пʼϵ˶ëѩոձĿʼϵıƽᡣ
ɶ񣡡Ǹ˿ߺһںȻǿ˵ĵزɫһ䣬Ӱһ˲ԭʧˡ
ߺûȥ׷˵ˣԲŹģΪҾͻŹ𣿡
˵ţߺһոձߺ³ȥĺȻʼۣڿ۳һһƬռˡ

һ죬Ǻ۶ɵ㱻ײѣǸ˵ӰҲУߺٴһǺ֮УȻʼı̡
̽뵽Ǹߵ֮еʱǸߵ忪ʼϵıϵϢҲʼʧ
󵱸ߺһ֣ǺʧʱǸ˵ӰҲʧӰˣߺоԼΪѾһ¡
оƬضԼѹԽԽˣѹԼΪߺ֪ƬѹԼûгɹͻơ
ڱĸ߼֮У˵ߺΪͻˡ
ħ嵽ʲôʱŹˣҾ͸ˣһζıѹȥԺҪͻƶôˣߺоȻϣЩħ١
ϰ֣ǽô죿ҪոЩ𣿡ڸߺԱ˵ĳɳǺѾһ˧Сˡ
ߺųɾƣΨһƵĻǽɫͷɫͫס
ߺ΢Ц˵ĳˣΪҲĲ
ףأأģкŮΧŸߺߴߴ˵ǵΪȻǺӾ磬Ǹߺ볤Ůն
СһҲܿ죬ⶼˣ֮ǰЩ궼ˣǵĵܵûûг˼𣿡ߺʵ̾һ
ԴϴСһ̸֮󣬸ߺҲûк̸ˣ˵Сһ֪ԼΪЩԸˡ
ҲȻ֪Լ飬Ҫ˵֮ǰԸߺӣôڣǺ͸ߺ֮һߺͷҪɱ¾
ֻԳնЩ֮ͬ⣬˭һģʹǶҲˡ
Ϊ̫ߺˣԶԷôķӦҲȷȫ֮С
еˣʼռһҪǵĹУΪĵڸ
ߺ˵ǸúɵģÿһиߺһţǿͨЩܵĺоܵ
ڸߺΪʹ۳һǲģĻôٶǰʵľġ
ڣߺڰߵɱʵ̫ˣǳֱ

ߺڲʲôȻϵĶͣãѾħˣ
ʲôϰ֣ô֪ģ׵ʵ
ߺûнͣ½½ʼϵͳΣ½鶼ָơ
ĸܵˣ֮еһħ죬ɱ죬ſϢߺڰϸܵ
ȷǾԾħɣû뵽ħô죬ֻ꣬Ѿʼˡ
Ƭͳ֮֮֯еĸ֣ΪħӣרŶԸħģߺ˵
˵꣬ȲԶȥٶѾ쵽һ¡
ڲѩĵطμҵϹ֮أĶ̣ǣڴʱ˿̣Щȴһ˲ͽȥˣһڵ˴˳
ˣ뵱ʮǶôǿû뵽ȴЩ˸ɢˣȻҷӡˣܺãξҪʱ򣡡
ͬʱϵżķֿʼƵǷѾûˣԲŻᱻƵġ
ħͷ˳֮ͷģͷģǶ壬ȴ˵Դ
ϱǿĺɫħħֱʣ̫֮еķ綼Ⱦˣ˲䲻ɫˣǱɫһƬƬ˸
ǺɫѪĴһ㡣
żڳˣѾʧǽҾħڵˣǶҪҵģ˳߲ҪѪϴƬ½֮أߺȥĵطȻһʨͷͷֻ۵Ĺ
ǻҪһҪ棬ҾͽǵĻǸյǸ˵
Ҳңħ޴ˣԸΪСܣǰź㣡һЩߵĲл꣬ӵת˳
һĻߺĿˣ˫һɻޣû뵽ǵɻޣУȻһЩħĻǣЩʲôأ
֮֮УһػߣûгսֻǾĹۿ棺İװˣЩﻹܳˣ
Ҳûʲô취ֻЩ֮еһ˿л꣬ôܵеùɻأҪ֪ɻ޿רʳ˵꣡

ºϣˮʼϵķһɫˮӺˮ֮ը
漴º֮еĺˮһۼȥȻӿȥһ޴С
ڳˣڿʼҾħ˭ҲӾɱ˭һĵ˳棬Ȼ￪ʼϵĳ֡
Уиߺʶˡʱ꽣ʿ
ϣǵ𣿺Ưʱ꽣ʿĵ˵ģǸϲϵĥ
棬кܶСˣԼʮˣ̧һ޴ĺɫӳڰУ˲ͽУʱ꽣ʿҲĬĬĸں档


666 ħ
ˣˡ
һץסʱ꽣ʿеһʣϵŰɸ״ţֻˡߺħһҲܲˡŵˣǸҪţƬ½ֻһ
ӣǽ֮ħİӦñΪħˣΪѾȫȫĳΪħˡ
ʱԼħģеİȫʳɾˣΪ֮󣬸Լħݣշս
еȫԼУңȻ˵ˣΪħū
֮еί˻ҲУͷͬһͷϵǵߡ
ҪһԪҪ׵ĻҲûʲô˫һ˵
ճ˫Ÿ˵ƣ˵ޱȣˣҿһսأĻһˣ
ʱ꣬ҶˣȻڵ֮ޱȵջ
ʱ꽣ʿ·ãѾ۷壺Ѿ˰ɣҹҹźˣ˾ˣ
ĵ˵ͷأ˵ţѾ뿪ĸʣһķ˿ʼ˽ܴ߶ȥ
ôˣҲˣңڵίܹõĴˣ˵꣬ͷһ´˽ܴˡ
ʱ꽣ʿֵ˵ǣû˵꣬ȻʼϵĿήΪһá
ͷҲгˣ˦˦ŲϧԭʼˣѾԪԱ˵Ѿûʲôˣ
ѾˣβһЩǴӵŮˣˣչĽЦ
Ҿ˰ɣ˵ţһͦԼġ

ߺǰμҵ֮ǰħڵˣ
ǰǸˣߺʵ쳣䵭һ˿顣
Ӿħڵĸ֣ƬǿˣԷҲ˵
ߺ˵ͷħǲѾΪħˣҲҴĿģ˵ǣһԷһ·ȻĻǾͱҲˣ
¶ˣӾħ壬е㡭ǸЦֻûЦ꣬һ֧̾ʹ̽š
㾹ȻҹңһҪļˣȫҴеŮ潣Էߺ
ߺ˫˵ϧû쵽ˣոأԷ˵壬ʧӰ٣Ǻ̻û䵽ϵʱ򣬾ͿʼΪ뵽ߺ֮С
漴ߺһ³ЩȻǺɫģħ˵Ϣ
ߺ˫һУû뵽ħȻпȡ֮Щ֮оȻ̲һЩħҸûа취ա
ոǿںڸߺǰʼϵΣ󣬱˸ոǸ˵ӰȻħꡣ
ħ꣬ߺĺȻûа취֮ͬԼ
ôСӣǸϿҰɣ˵лϣԷǸ˲ͣĹЦҳЦߺ
ߺ˫һˣ㻹ȥɣ˵ţк˲ͽǸ˰ΧȻߺĺûа취յǣȴа취֮
ǺϵռŶԷ壬Է֮еıϣҲʼ۳ʵ塣
ž
ߺһȭȥǱ˲˺ܶݣһأ䵽ϵʱڸߺ֮£̿ʼڻȻ󻯳ĺɢڿС
ߺվһȷڻˣЩġ
ֿʼӦ֪Ƭ֮е׻жħ壬ǣߺҪ֤ǣڴ֮ǰɱˡ
ߺϵĴԽڸżЩСħߺһоˣˣߺĸ֣ȥż̽飬Ƿħ壬ɱ
ģߺʼϵĴģڣ򶼻ˣ˿ʼЩǿżԱȥѰħ塣
Ȼ飬ȻҪɱˣҪĿģߺжȻܶжǣϾħ̫ǿˣҲɱ˲ߡ
ߺ˲ϢͲɻ޵ĴڣΪߺһֱ͸о֮زûô򵥣˵ʲôܡ
η֤ʵ˸ߺĲ룬棬ȻźܶħͷĴڣǴ󲿷ֶħڵΪǰûɱɾһЩ˽Ĳߣӡ֮ء
ЩҪߺɱϳȥԭǺ¸ߺյѹЩħͷ
֮еߣкܶʸߵģֲ̫ɱ¾Բ֯һ±ԵĻ
ȻߺϴûвμӣǣߺϵĺܹвǣǸо֮ߺһΪ
˵ܹΪѹЩħףԣǺԥķŵ˸ߺ

ɻޣߺٶ֮ȻͲ˵ˣ˲͵ǸطĿǰǸ˵
ǺˣȻֱҵ䣬֪˭ҿޣųΪǿޣɻ޶ڸߺѯʲмڹˣ˵
ߺһЦֻħūѣҲ̫˰ɣСȥĺܿģ
󵨡ߺڶյǰһӶԿ˲ŭˡ
Ÿߺŭߣ
ĵĿһϺڵĹâǵâʮֵϸСƼ졣
˲͵˸ߺǰȻŸߺͷ­˽ȥߺ˳˺Զ
оԼһԼܵĹΣϵĵֵסǵɫĹâ
ǣߺǸоԼʮֵʹ޾֮иһ㡣
ǵϺɫĹâƵ֮󣬾ʣһˣǰͣľˡ
ߣеĿҲУҵҪĵĿǿ󣬻ҵĵĿ˵ţߺһĿڸߺĶͷ֮ϡ
Ǻڰɫ㣬ȻֱɢⲻϵڿΣһ״
ǵֱҫɻ޵ϣɻ޺ȻˣȻ忪ʼٵ׹ȥ
ߺۣ֮ʮֵԷ꣬Ѿɲ֮䱻ˡ
ҵĵĿǿһЩߺ˵ϺƽȴǺƽ
û뵽ЩħȻôߺһпоġ
ңҪǣߺսôʱ䣬Ҳ֮ģǣǵĹԼһζƻˣɻȴƵԼΡ
ԸߺЩ̫˼ˣԷ깥ҪǿʲôزЧ
棬ͱȽϼˣЩħ궼һЩͼģҸߺԪר꣬Ժܿˡ


667 
ˣӦô죿ºϣһ޴ĺɫĽ֮УղڰϣһŰ壬һ˵
ڰߣмĺǣΪʲô˵ܹأΪϾˣȵЩ߶Ҫߴ
ħĴʱҪľҪһ£ĵħ£ҾˣҪħħյĸʣ˵
ίԱҲŰһ壬˵ǵҪȥأ
ǾͲõˣȻа취˵ţĻ˻ָ֣һ򣺡ȥǱߣܹоǱһʵǿħ
Щ̶̧̧֮֮ŰǸȥͬʱߺҲǸȥ
һ·ϣߺɱ˺ܶħ밲ֻ׼һȴһЩϾȻЩħʵߣǸߺҪһЩֽŵġ

֮ʱǸһЩΧЩ߶Ǹߺĳߣѩ׵ۡ
ڰɫ۵ĺ棬һɫѩ״ҫ·ɫĹâǸߺڵı־
Ǹħͷɣţţǣβһɫϸβͣβ͵Ķˣһɫ״
û뵽ô꣬Ѿ𣿲ʵ̫ˣԷһβȥضʼˣϵϵ̫ʼɢĹâ
βͬʱҲһβ˲һߵϴԷϵḻ̌˹ȥ
Ȼ˫һ˹ˣңһأ
ո˵꣬˳ڵϿգм̧һԲ׵ĺɫӣɫ֮Уһڶ棬һŮ˵ڲϵİ
ˣܾûгŮ˵ζˣǲأ洫˳
Ǹβħ壬⽫һǰĲߣβɨ룬ѪϣԼͷȻһߵĳȣϵѪɾˡ
Ҳħ壿ʲôβħԼϵѪ˵
ͣһ£һŮ˳Ů˾ȻѾŪˡ
ûʲôΪҵ¶ѣô㿼һ°ɣ˵
ߣһոճΪħ岻ʮħ壬ȻҲҪҳҿǳԴҩˣټӾͲˣ˵ţβħߡ
뿪˵ĽԱߣһߴӣѸٵĳβħǰԼ˫ۡ
ôҪɣֻгȫˣβħ˫һ˵βһɨռ䶼ѸٵѿˣԲĿռ䣬ûһ˿õĵط

߸ĸߺ˫һħ֮Ӧֻв߿԰쵽ɣ
˲ϵսߺҲ֪ħʵܹԼķħʵλˡ
ʵߺȷһǲɣ۷֡
ҪʵֻаʿԿѹסԷ

ԶԷһβ֮ͣиûжܵ˼ӲĽ˶Էһβ͡
顭
֮вϵĺˣԷβħȻҲ˺ԶĿǰ֮СߣãܺãȻܹһβ͡
ôٽһаɣҵҪܹҼУβħ˫֮Уʼ仯ɫǺɫͫףɢĹâ
ңԷͺͺͷϣȻʼϵ˿˿Ϻɫġ
µħ壬û뵽Ȼܹµħ壬㻹Ҫң֪ʲôȽ׵ħ𣿡ԷҪ֣̲סˡ
֪֮Ȼǿ󣬵ħȴʮֵĴħʮжӲ
βħĿһ۰֮ôѲĵȼҵĵȼߣʵҵʵҪǿ󣿡
İЦһҸоȲңԣҪң롭
˵ţվͷϺɫͷͬһ㲻ϵڿŤ
ϣҲһƬƬϺɫƬȷħ壬ߺһΪԷء
ͣԷȴסˣβͣǣķ˿ϵƬ⡭мħͣмħ壡
һЦôмħ壬ǲӦóˣħĵȼǺϵŶ
βħһ㶣˵ûдħ֮жڵȼĿƵȷǺϵģһ¼ħ壬ǾԲԹмħģ˵ϼħˡ
ǣ漴Цɲħħ˵ȷǹõģǣﻹĵ̣ʵսɣ
˵գβħһתҪߣ˫һУǲʶ̧٣㲻ҪǲǣҿĲͷˣ
ֻһ壬ѸٵĳβħǰһһϸĵС
Ǳոճ֣ضѿˣ⵶ĳ֣Ͳ㱻ͱƣ˵սˡ
Ϣոճ֮󣬾֮ˣֵʱ򣬲ĵѸٴӶԷϻԷҲѪӿ
ǣħβħܵǱϵϢһ㶣ֵ˵˭֮Ӧûħ
ħħ֮Уͬһ㣬֮Ǻѵõġ
ô㻹ս𣿡˵
βħһЦʲôңУ˵ţԼͷŰײ˹
ͷϵĽɢǿƣ춼ͱ©ˡ
ﬡ
еĵһֹס˶Է壬ΪǱĵоȻ˶Էţ֮С
ţ֮УȻӿϺɫѪεϣԭʯͷѸٵıʴ
ž޴ʹβħ˫ؿ֮вȥҪڳ
ȣһžβħСһ࣬ʮֵǿβħȻѪӡ
Ҳ˳ȥֻǲɳȥģ˳ƽβ϶ͷϻȥ
ҶԼ㻹ǰ׳գ˵ͷϣһ澵ӺȻ棬ھϣɢһ˿˿Ĺâ˶档
ϡ
βħѸٵĵ˳ȥβϣһ˿˿İðȻĹˡ
һħежħβħֵ˵
һЦԺ󣬵һҪΪħ£ңӽ֮ҾˣߣҵĲ֮£
ǵ֮еĲ뾵


668 
ϢߺȻҲӦˣɫ䣬ʶǱ̽ȥģʱ򣬸𾪡
һȻˣҿӣõ²ôðˣߺ˫һУ뵽
Ȼߺ֪Ĳܹ࣬ΪԼˡ
ڸߺʶ۲ʱ澵ӺȻһת˸ߺķ򣬸ߺӰıӳ档
뾵һ֪̽Լˣæ濴ȥȻ濴˸ߺӰ
㣬ߺͷˣ׼𣿡ЦϵЦݿʼԽԽ
ߺҲǵһЦðҿҲԽԽˣ˶ģ
ȻߺЦ˵ģȴ쳣𾪣û뵽澵ӾȻзֹ̽ĹãѶԸ
ǸߺոոӦǱϣһϢ͸Լʶ㽫Լʶ֤ն޶Ĵڡ
ұĶ󣬲ǰ𣿲ڿΪȻﵽ˰ʵľˣ˸ߺǰĶԸߺ˵
ߺ˵ͷ㶼֪ˣ㣬ʲô֪
úúãô㵱𣿡
ߺĿԲʲôԭܰһֱΪأ
ߣôʱ䣬㻹ûиĵëҸһϢҲֻҳֵʸ񣡡˵ţеĵľ׼ߺ
ϵħȻϺɫϢǰߵգ·𽫰綼ռˣֻƣܹ־󣬿ԿԷħ֮ǿ
ߺҲʾҲǱĺ죬ȫøߺĺռˣһƬ֮俪ʼᡣ
Ƭ֮䲻ϵĿʼײƬض·ֳ룬ؿʼ룬̫쿪ʼֿ̫쿪ʼֿ

Ҳǳ޵˼ˣߺħıɱ͸˵ˣǸߺҲԲӡ
ԣոս϶̵ı֮󣬲û˵ʲôֱӶˡ
䡭
ûһԼеһȭߺϺɫĹâһؿռ俪ʼѡ
ߺһŤһɺͳ֣ϵתγһ溮ơ
ҵıը˷Ƿ׷ȥϺڵħ⼤ҵײ֮ɢһգߺĺҲһ
ɣ˫֮УһϺɫħâߺߺҲ˿ʾһĿ֡
ԼĹӲˣǸɻޣѾøߺƤӦˣ˵ɻǿϲ֪ٱİˡ
âڿϢײһ𣬲ûзʲô춯ǣһױȵ籩ȴɴչˡ
ǲ籩ߣĪǱޣһ߸ʬ֮ûлġ
ɱ˱ҳףȻڵıҪûУԼԼ֪֪ʧԼġ
ߺһЦҲȻܹ˱һ߸ʬôȥʬŷɫ
ߣǷϻɣħȭͨ죡һԼ֣ȭͷ¶ϴȥǣոջӵһ㣬ȭͷȻʧˡ
ߺȫ񶼷棬쾳磬Ķȭͷǵȭͷʧʱ򣬸ߺһͻ
ãڱ󣡡ߺӱܵħתȥһ󱬷ʮ֣
һִӸߺлӶȥڸߺĺ󱳣һϺɫȭͷȻγɣȻɴСôߺ˹
ǸȭͷҪߺϵʱ򣬸ߺʮˣһֿʼԷȭͷȥڿвϵı
ЩڿвϵĿתٶȣһľ޴磬Űȥ
ĻɽھŰ̱֮һɽ
䡭
֮ڶͬһըףѾɽȫըΪƽء
ħȭϵʮζڣеһֻƣƬٴεĺٴεĽıֱƬ
ֱһʱſʼߺ˫һ֮
֪ԼʮֲܽԷħȭͨƵˣԣںٴ׷ϿһС
ǵȭڲǰƶˣǱߺ֮ȫıˣǣߺûд⣬пʼһСݳڸߺС
ǸߺĿռɵһöСݣֻŸߺʵĲߣߺöСݵĴСҲѸٵš
öСݣѾиߺȭͷСˣǰʱ򣬸ߺƶܹ֮ץסڸȴˡ
ݵֻ֣Ѹٵȥں棬һȭͷڿߺߺתͷʩչ֮ʱ򣬺İѾˡ
ԣߺ⧲֮£ֻܹԼĹԶԷĹˡ
䡭
ȭͷҵײϣݺȻըӰҡҷķȥԲʮ֮ڣ
ضռ䱬ըըһӣǵˮӿҽɳ
ߺһ̰һ㺮ЩҽߺĺʼѸٵᡣ
ԷİͱȽϼˣûȥЩҽҽŽԼϡ
ǣǰ뾵Ȼܹҽ֮еЩҽͨˮ
Ȼ֪ҵʲôأܸܲأߺš
ǣȻûܹشΪܵ˺ص˺ֱڶû޸ء
ߺĺǿ󣬲вҵҪ֮£㵽ܹҼУ
˵ţһߺȥߺ˫һڵûеԼǰʱܹоǵϵķϢ·ҪԼһ
֪һĶ϶ֿܵסԷһ
򣡡ߺ˫һۣԲǧ˸ߺĴƮĿݹǣ
ǣֻߺԾɾзĲ£һһʼڸߺܡ
Ǹߺŵߺ沼˲㺮
ৡ
£һ޴ޱȵĵڿУʼߺغ⵶֮£ֻǶһĴڣǽûκγɵľ
ߺıʱͣһ£Ͽһѿڣ󣬵ǰʱҲֻͣһ£ͻƬƬм
ӣߺѪۿǵҪߺǰˣߺͷϵȻһƬƬӿг֣ΧǵⲻϵתƬͬ˿һ㻯⿪ˡ


669 
Щ»ص˸ߺͷϣҲӸߺͷϷı˷ԲʮɵĴЦ
ߺһϢ̳Ļ꺣֮Уԭøߺˣֻ֮ǰû޸öѡ
ոһɲǵʱڽյһĵزˣȻûа취۷ʱȣѾˡ
ߺѸٵĴԭʧٴγֵʱѾڱ֮ˣվ̨֮УĿŰ
ҵıѲɽҪƴһ𣿡ߺĿ˵
ߺĵǲϧˣеĿµʲô¸մϱ߰ɣмЦһ˵
ߺϳһĨеаЦմϱҲɣ㾡ԣҸҿ϶ڵģ
˸ߺĻ˵ǳҪ˵ĲŸߺ˵ܹĶǣոյ飬Զ׼
ԼһٵĻˣĿõġ
ڸߺĽթҲ֪ǳˣͬߺ˵ôܾ˵ĳ棬Ҳܹܵġ
ȻȽҪڵԶͳ½ħ壬ū½࣬Ȥһ㡣
ãߺҾͱˣȲƽˣΪӪħģţǺܿģ˵žߡ
ߺһתôδ̫˰ɣ
ʲô˼Щ̲סߺˣ˫һУеĲгľٴ롣
ǣߺȴᣬû¶κεı飺ôҪ֣ҵǿԣɱˣһһиѩأһҾͿˣ㣬ֻҪǸβħˣͻкܶħҪɱ㣡
ã˵ϸ룬øߺ˵Ҳǲ޵ħײеˣǲŲǰΣ
ֻҪкôǾͻȥֻҪԼɱˣǿеħǹУôܻأ
ʵǳʶħ壬֮ҲһֻҪкôǾԲǰΣյġ
ǵ͵ģ֮ǰҲҪ̬ȣ˵ȵ̰
˵սҸое۸㣬˵ʵ½嶼ͳһˣڽдսĻԲҵĶ֣֮Լ
ߺ˵Ҳϸ룬ͷͬˣҪĿͳħ壬һͳδ½ū塣
ǵһĿ겻ɣôɵڶأ
ãͬ⣬һչһ꣬һ֮ħս¶ĵ˵
ߺ˵ͷڴ֮ǰ岻ɱħ壬ħ壬ҲԲɱ壬ȻĻܾˣ
ͷİ˰֣֪ܾˣǹϣߣ
˵ţȥȴڲϵ㣺һʱҲҪħ֮йҵĵλҽһɹˣ
Ҫ˵ߺܾˣһɵĻͲӦߺˣֱӽߺĨɱʡ£
ŰԽԽԶıӰߺ˫һУһЩˣУôȥһ֮ұɣ
ոոߺֻŻѣոһԼıԷߺ֣ԼıԷϢϻһ㡣
Ҳ˵֮ûлָɣԶıҲ֮ȫָ֮Ǿпܷӳ
ߺ֮ģ֮ôǵԱأ
ֻڸߺʵֻܹһĿͬʱߺҲȷϣǸ뽣ҲǷ
֪ڵĽôˣǿøǿˣɱˣ
һ˵ֻǳɹȥ

ұҪ취һʵˣԷһûóʵ˵ôĶ֪
ţߺͿʼͨԼķЩ˲Ҫȥħ壬ֻҪħ幥ͿԷ
һǸ߼֮ˣ׵Ȼɱ֮Լķնˡ
ȷİȫɶ첻µزµǧٳȥǻˣߺײǽˡ
Ը֮󣬸ߺʹߵĵطȥм֮أﲢûжҪΪ̫ˡ

֮أһƬأߣǱģǱģֻһƬѩѡ
ﲢûģһЩںϢܹ֮ޣģڼ֮صıϣҲһЩס
Ǵ඼򣬱׷ɱȥˣֻж㵽ܲñҵ
ߺٵ䵽棬ڼ֮أȻߺûͳΣƾŶԱѩУܹܵһƬС
ֻʹߺҲǼرʨ˵ĵطԣֻܹȥѯһˡ
ΪǺܸߣȴʵסˣȻǱ׷ɱǲǻˣЩǱ׷ɱӵġ
룬۹ֶӯĹңڸߺ֮ǰķˮֻ
ڴ½ϺУָΪףָ¹Ϊ˵һʹû˸˵
ˡߺһľţһ֨ѽѽһͷԵСкԼͷ̽˳
ã磬˭ǸСкֻ䣬ߺĴк
ߺڵȻʮˣǣΪ̫ˣң֮ǰͻƵ׶ˣԿҲԾֻʮ߰˵ѡ
ڵĸߺԼĶվһĻһΪֵǸ
Ǻǣû£Ǽд𣿡ߺ΢΢һЦº͵˵ͬѩһ㴿׵СкߺҲǼߺøС
ȿȿȡһ˼Ŀ𣺡˭
ߺ˵үе˼֮أֻѯһ·ѣ
һһͷ׷˳ڸߺǰ˵ʱ򣬸ߺһߵΪȻǲߵľ硣
һ߾磬һһľ磬Ƕľ硣
Ҳ˵֮ʱ˾һˡһΪʲôڴ˵أΪ˭
ԭһְǺǣˣǸ߶Ÿߺһ񣬸ߺæ
ǣڲʱ򣬺ȻоԷ֮УһᾢԼϳ
ߺʶ˲ͽǹᾢˡ漴ӦæȥԼĺ


670 
Ǹ߲˵ߺҲУ𾪣ôһ˿ССϣ
ߺҲǸĲˣǣˮû뵽Ȼˮߣһᣬһˣ
Ѿ뿪½ܳʱˣ⼫֮ԼĺһȥȻһһֱǸ߰˰֣²Ҳգ
ȻԷᣬߺҲû׷ȥԼĴеĿģǰôʱˣ֪֪رʨڵķ򣿡
Ǹ߾Ŀߺ˼ǣҪҼ֮أ
ߺ˵ͷҴеĿľǼ֮أȥЩ£棡
ţǣ˺ܳʱˣǲ֪Ѿ˰ʮǰѾֻ֣ʣһЩʨȻһЩ˲ԸŹȻʨҲɱˣĶʮֲпᣬԣرʨڼǰͲˡ
ߺ׵ʵǰô֪ģ
Ǹ̾һҲһǼرʨ֮һźţԼ֪ķǳκ鶼ǡڼǰǼرʨȻ˵Ĵ޽رʨѾˣѾҵˣֻҪͨδ֪磬ȥЩͬ࣡
߽⣬ߺףҲ⿪ǰԼǡ
Ҫ˵˲֮еļرʨ޻֮֮󱻹Ѻȥģ޻֮պԶǽȪͼߣ˲֮еļرʨô֪ģ
ԭЩһﻹأ
˵ҲǳҲ츳Ҳ츳
Ǿǿһ㣬ǵӲΪһֹߣʹ֮ңǧ֮ңֻ˳ǸߣԽн
˼رʨ֮󣬸ߺİݱֵˣߺкȻһָоԼأٴġ
ǰԵټɣߺ˵𣬿ٵָǸȥ
ȻʧٴγֵʱѾ֮ң
Ǹ˫һǣռСһѾɹ˿ռ壬ɣҲ̫ˣ
ߺûȥЩҲ֮ҲԲʲôİɣΪʱЩ̫ˣԸߺڵʮֵĽǵġ
ڷѩ֮зУߺٶû˿ļ٣оԼ쳣ˬ·ȵ죬߽˿յһ
ģߺܵıʼߴǶ͸ɵıøߺЩ죬Ҳ̫ǿˡ
ߺǸԣҵرʨǰٴﲻ˵Ǳһš
ߵı壬ͬһƣ̫֮У̫죬̫֮ϡ
֮ľ룬ɣм䣬иС͵ı⣬ߺܴܵһ˿Ȫ亮Ϣ
ߺڿգ䵽棬ﲻıһͺͺģǰԲΣһƽ档
Բɣм䣬ĸ˶ʨӱܣǹһ㣬һСһСһߺȴʮֵ졣
ССһ̬ѣӶСһģһֻСԴߺȻǰС˭ˡ
ֻԴС󣬶СֻһԴ
СߣվˣһǺɫģһǰɫģߺֺмơ
˫ƽУм䲢ûʲôߺ˫һУѲɣеľǻȪͼ
ߺҲո˵󣬾ȻƾһȪͼǣΪ˱ⷢʲôߺ֮һ˿飬ûȫ
ͼ˵еʱ˺Ȼ˹һ㣬岻ϵĶԭǺܵ·ȻƮϵıҲḻ
ܹ󶨸ڸߺϣ˫۾۾֮УȻ͸飬ߺ˿һۣ·𱻿һ
Ǻѡ֮ţоǸ·ĵ˵ͷŸߺǿһϡ䱦һ㡣
Ǹ·ҡҡͷ԰ȫȪͼϢǣȴģ
˵ˣֹһϢ⵽ôһ£Ѳɸ֮⣬ɸ𣿡
˵ˣûнȪͼԭһǶǲģδ֪Ŀ£·ĹӰ˵
ǸӰæ˵ͷǵڶǶԷһʲô飬ʱߣҪڴ˶ʲôѣ֮£ֻܹˣ
ԣ

ߺͷߣǰ˵ǵ˭ǲ֪ǵӺܿܲܽһʲôȣ
ߺ׵ǣǰ˲ûԼ˵·Լû˵һ㣬ڸߺǰʲô
ȻѡΣյĻǾ͸һʾɣȻѡˣһģ
˵еǾ͸һ룬̫ͼʲô߼磬һģ
ߺͷϵĺԽԽˣǶôоûнԼĻȥУʲôп򰡣Լ棬ҪΪ
ȻߺκηԶûʲôãһ￪ʼԼĶΪ˽ǵ۵һм㼯ȥڰʼۡ
ʼƵıԱ߷ȥ޾ѩǰ棬۳Ĵš
һȴǺɫģ̻һɫĹӰǸոǸˣһȴǰɫģǸˡ
Ӱʼϵת䣬һ㼯Ϊһߴãһɲͷ
ȫ˺ɫͷǰɫģǣкȻ˼ɫ
ǾѪѪеʱȻˣһԩз˽ȥͷʼĴЦŴЦʼת
ĴţҲת֮£ʼĿһɫĹɫĹ⣬ŷ֮бŷ
Ŵ֮󣬺ľ˸ߺУһƬȪͼ֮еľ
ɫ죬ֲĶĵȪˮŵһ߾߿ݹǣǰڻȪ֮ţǻɫˮˢǵϡ
ǣߺȴпһ˿ߣЩݹ棬Ȼһ˿˿˿ûƤ
ı죬˲죬ϵԩ꣬ԹȻʼϵɢԲγɵı죬ԭԹɵġ
м䣬һһ··
Ѳǵе򣬻ͬո˵νĵֻһȽϸߵѣ
ߺоԼԴҪˣû뵽ڽգȻ˵ĴڣǸֻڴ˵֮е硣


671 
棬бĻȪӶ࣬ӿֲĻεţ棬޴ɫڲϵת
һһףߺʮرЩƣΨһЩͬģҲЩ֮ûб̡
ͷ·޴ĥһܶǹͺͺģмһֵĿհİɫ֮УɢǿҵϢĺɫ̣ͷϢ
֮Ϣ֮Ϣ໥ײһ𣬿ʼ̵תĥ
̵м䣬ɫϢĲתм˾޴ܵȥЩжôǿǿҵ֮УҲ۵ûκε֮뵽С
Ŷֲҽ汬ŽЩĥڰɫսȥ̵֮ȴԽԽ
ǺڰɫӰ·֪ڰɫ̵ںԶĵطֹͣԶԶ·ַ·ں͸ߺ˵
̣һһ˿ƣһ֮䣬һȫգǾٿرνǿɫĹӰ˵
ɫĹӰٺһЦмǿĹЧǶԷܹǿĵزҲֵܵסֱõĹ
ûˣʹôãҲԲٴɣǳɳһزǾһ

ߺӰӵĻ˶ˣѾ·վ̵ǰ棬Լӹսȥ
ԽԽҲԽԽǿ󣬺ڰɫӰѾ֪˵ʲôطˣ֮ǸطԶΨֱڰɫսȥ
ߺһһ㣬Ǻڰɫ̸ͲߺĴڣֻܵꡣ
ߺԽԽʱһһжλӰʧӰ٣ߺһͣעǰָп
ν𣿵ҵʮرЩƣ˵ʵʮѾʺˣҺβЧ̣
ߺе뵽Ѿ̵ܹǿԼʮرֻ֮ѡ
뵽⣬ߺȻѩ֮У̶ֱÿһ裬ÿһתķʽһ˿ϸ΢Ķߺ
ߺ֣Щϸ֮У̺ǿ֮Ҳǿڡ
֮ǿΪϢǹתʽ̺֮
ÿһ˿ߺĿǶЩĹΪޣǷ˷顣
ߺ֪ԼѾﵽʲôˣǣߺԿ϶ԼûƬռ֮УһܹٵĽΪߵġ
ߺΪϵǿѾ˰ʵĵȽˣȻĻҲڰǰʼħӳ
ȻߺʵȰҪǿ٣ϧǣߺȴûае
ǰ뾵һһأߺûа취Ը
Ǳߺһ˵ɥˣǻ⼫֮ء
֮еĻӰߺ֪Ⲣĵ֮ţҲ֮еΡ
ߺڼסһУǣûȸߺӰӾͺȻڸߺǰ
Ҫ˵𣿡ߺվԼ壬ڰ׹Ӱ˵
˵˵ͷס֮󣬾ͽȫĻȪͼУǻ򿪵֮ţǸǻҪٽ
ߺһ֪ˣʵǣʲôȽ׵
ߺĻ˹ЦԲȥˣǵڵܹģǵȵܹ뵽ʱ˵ɣ
˵֮ӰӿʼΣеһУȥˣȴŹرգʧͨı֮䡣
ڰɫӰҲ۳ԭǸƺʲôǣǲĻȪͼȴʧˡ
СӣҲǸʩչ룬ĴۣûôΪ֮ɣ
һ仰˵ˣеһжƽţ·һжûзһжûдڹһ
ϿһΣǣߺ֪ⲢΣʵģΪĻ꺣֮УŹ̵Ϣҷǳ
²˳٣ߺæеİߺϣҲķĳֱ仯֮Ŀʼһչ
ȻǺԣǣߺȴܹӦ
·ӵ˽ˣҲӵ͸ˣ֮ǰһֱ¶ġ
ߺûз֣Ժ⻷һɫһɫڽΣ֮ɫһ޶ֻԵøӴˡ
ԸߺԴΪԲģԼиߺͷ֣ڿвϵͷ߰ɫɫĹ⻪
˴߹һΪԼۻˣɡ
ɫ⻪ԽԽŨأֵʱԽԽʱ򣬸ߺоԼҲʼһ׶ηչ
Ƿ·Ľ׽׶Σ׳һ
ʱ֮УȻһֻֻۣЦ֮У̫ڵȥ
죬˾֡
һȻ֮ͫбߺ֮ȥߺҲ˹
ǵͬˮͰһϸ磬漱ٵܶȥ
䡭
ǵ˸ߺովǸطǸطߺվǸط˲ʼݡ
֮ضʼٵĲߺ˫һУƾվעͫס
Уߺܵһ˿Ϥ
һ֮ɢųߺ½ĺѡˣҲ㣬ͻƲߣȷʵ㲻ɣ
ߺһЦҵ˭أԭ֮ΪʲôȥħأҪ֪ħ֮һˣѾӵҿɲĶ֣
ߣ㵱ֻֻ۾ֻҪ粻ʲôвƬ½ȫĴڣģҹܲҲֹ
׳Ļߺ᣺ҽվҪͻأǲҪɱˡ
ߺû˵꣬ľ޴֮Уͱһ磬ߺȥֻӵӴܻ
ЩߺǰŸߺеĺÿһǾ춯صģߺȴֻܹͣĶܡ
ǵ罫Ҫٵʱ򣬸ߺȴòͣסˣΪԼĻǺ͵öۡ
ǿȥĴŰǶˣԼ̽ϣҲûˣǾֻʣһ·ˡ


672 ħ
֮ǺôĵӣԼѲ㲻𣿡ΣӰٴγˣһ仰绹ûеߺϵʱ򣬾˲߽ˡ
޳ʥû뵽ǾȻзҿҪ㣬ʹ֮еƬٵҿɲŹǵķ
֮ٴɢͦġ
㲻ҪôȻǣҲ㣬οƬѾûˣûʲôǿṩɣڹӰԶġ
οֻһĨִл긽ϣʲôǿҪķ٣ȻĻǸұ֤ƲлҪߣ׹ӰЦ
ⲻѣҿǵҲܹ˵޳ʥʵѾҪ漶ˣ֮Ǹ޴˵
˵˵߾ߣʧӰ٣ߺͷɽĺ磬̵ݻͿԽ˰
ߺҲȷľսո籬һ̣ߺ·оԼڸ½֮ΪС
ߺعͷȥʱǺڰɫӰҲʧˡ
ʥǱʶ׵ڣû뵽ʥǿߣߺ뵽
оЩ飬ܵ˵ЩԼСߣȻ֣ģϲϣ²£·һѡ
ָоߺ쳣ĲоԼͺһöһ㣬ɱ˵İڲ
Һ汻ĳЩ˵ˣǿɶ񣬱֪˭֪ĻһʬΡߺݺݵ˵
ˣҲûʲô취ֻܹ˼˽ˣȻ֮УѰǼڡ
ֻвϵԼʵпܴ֮߳ΪĲˡ

ߺڵѾģħȫɱɾˣȻ˽ˣȥͻơ
磬Ѿݲ¸ߺˣ͵ƾ֮Ҫɱߺ˼ͿԿ
Ȼ֮ıģǣƲл֮꣬½ִԼȻѾʼвƬ½ˡ
ڸߺƬСׯʱȴзһ˿ͬգɢӴϺɫħ
ħ𣬽ķضȾϺɫħ֮µĴׯ֮УɢѪζսϢ
ħȻ⼫֮ˣߺ˫һУ˵֮󣬸ߺӰٵĳǸСׯ֮ǰ
˷˵ħ壬׷ɱǸԼָ·ߡ
ߵĻУǸͷԵСһϵĿţϻڿб˺ôѩС
С磬Ⱦҡ߼ѵ˵ߺ֮۹۲죬Է۾֮еϢ𽥵ɢ
Ѿߵ˾ͷߵֻһ·ŵĽ
ߺûг֣һ˺ɫƬצӣʹߵ֮г󣬶ǿֲצ֮Уһöࡣ
¸¸£ǺóԣܾûԹôʹˣǱˣȻù֪࣬ǲĲˣǸħͷĽߵඪУڵľ׽
ߣǶĵļһȻ࣬ԶҲûôţһħ壬ϸ˵漴ſһߵͷϣƮһ꣬뵽ĿС
Ҳ˼ζϵĵͷζǺܺãͷ꣬ڼһ˿ʴ˼ͷĸоأ
ŵĹ壬ֻѪһ֤࣬ȱۣһ֤꣬ûӣҵѪζ
ǸѪħ壬ſһѸٵĿʼɱȥѪ֮гһɺǸħеĺ«֮зȥ뵽С
Ǹħһڣζ
үүǻүүүүͷԵСһƴЩħȥ
Сһħ۾һСޣζһ
˵ţǸˣҡҷԼǵĲСһǰſھҧ
һᴩ˶Էͣ壬ʼ漴忪ʼϵڡ
ɻħôˣһæܵǸǰǣǵʱɻħѾʧӰˣֻԭ˺
㵽˭ƻǵĺ£Ͳħ룿ǸѪħɫ
ɻħʵ޼ߺܹһ֤֮ԸԼҲҪ϶
ԭֻǼʼķﰡôǿе˭ߺʵ
ûżɱ˼ħ壬Ϊ֪ӣΨһڵѪԼǰͷԵСһˡ
ߺٴɵ£ֱӽˡ
ħᵽħߺеЩȤԲûżɱǡ
ǣͨⲻϵѯʣߺоνħԼأҲһֱҪɱԼˡ
ԼоӰʱֻ̣ܶʵǹ˺ܳʱ䣬ڣѾһ֮Լܽˡ
һ֮УҲǴħǼٵĿʼԼϵͳħ壬ܣȻûмħĶ֡
ϱʵͲ֮Уգί˵ȼͣһ֮УеĻǷǳ˳ġ
ڣѾͳ½ħ壬Ϊħ֮һħңԼԲɧŽߺ塣
ҲһͶߺ巴ӵĶ
Ҫ֪ڵħȻǿ󣬵Ƿ࣬ı죬ԣһǲѡͶħġ
ȻҲûͶħ壬˵ܶߺûҵгȫͶħ壬߹ħһɱࡣ
ߺ⣬ҧĿֱ죺İ࣬ڵʱûȥɱĶ
ܹǵϴԼ˵ΪǵİǸѪħ˵
ŶԼңھһ꣬ж೤ʱ䣿£ߺĲ֪Լһ֮ã׻೤ʱˣԲŹʴһʡ
ڸߺʻͲԭԭĸ˸ߺߺ֪ԭһ֮Լһµʱ䡣
Щ̫ˣԳ͸͸ңҪһɱĿУһ֮ڣǾҪȥˣΪ˵ħѾ׼Ը߼ҽܹˡ
ߺ˵ͷԭʲô֣
ǸͷԵСεıʣôˣǾĿŸߺˣһİɣҲŲ㣬֮ûãǾͽˣ


673 һͽ
СһĻɣߺûвˣ෴ʮֵĸˣڳˡ
ҵȻЩһģ㲻ţһὫйѺȵΪܹɱǵʱһȥɱߺ˵
ǸСһ룬оߺ˵ңߺȷûбҪƭҽС˵Щһʲô⣿
˵ţָħͷֵʵߺ˵ħ壬ħ壡
ãǴӽҵ־ͽħСһĵ˵ԺħɱֱħɱɾΪֹ
ߺĿһСһСһĳɳЩߺ󣬸ߺһСһԼС
۾ϸĸȻ˫һȻԭʼı壡
ߺıʣֻǰˮʱģԲ˵ǴıʣСһﲻһСһǱԵʣרΪġ
Ϊͽ֪ԸԸ⣿ߺ˵Ƿŵ棬ߺ˵仰֪ж֮ͣǣǰСһȻ֪ߺݣҲǺں
ҰΪʦ֮ܲħħɵʵӻǲܹȫŸߺ
ߺ΢΢һ̣ȻʹΪʦ֮ҲܹħΣҪ𣿡
ĸӵģǲǴĵһ֣ħǲ黧ڵģһһʡ
ߺͷĺߣʲô˭̲ҵĻڣӷɣСһֿ񣬸ߺǰ
ðɣҳˣǻӵģҲ˵ǵһ֣ҲܹŽǰ˰ɣߺһ˵
˵ֻۣ֮ߺûӮУǺڰɫĹӰʥ׵ķߺҲв
󣬾ڵħǰİˣߺȻɹˣ˭ǿ˭һߺԼǺǲȷ
ϾԷӵе˵ǲȷأߺҲǺףߵ˭ǿһЩֻʱƽˡ
ߺҲȷμʹǲƾԼҲܹͶԷս൱ϾѾ˲һҲǳƽ˰ɡ
Է֮ǿ󣬾Ϊӵвһߺ֮԰Ϊˡ
ߺѾ˲һȻҲͺͶԷƽˣ˵ܻܹʤһء
ϾȻǿңΪǾ޷ʵ
ߺͲͬˣһбԼ֮󣬴ģȻܹóһеȫ
˳֮£ߺʤʻһЩģԣߺԼ½ǰĸ֡
û뵽ⷴħĲмУԭǰĸְô
ħ˿ħмתһ£ڲһߵĻҪɱô˵ĻǺ߰ɣ
ãͬ⣬ͽݼʦ漴ħͶŸߺݾߵ
ߺ˵ͷħе뷨Ȼˣǣߺȷŵǣȵ֮󣬾Ͳôˡ
գߺͿħͷǣЩϲЩߺްȻҴӦħͲɱǣ
ħ⣬æĶӣǣûӳԶߺӰͺȻǰ
˵𣿡ߺתԼ壬˵
Ѫħһ£ǣոǰ˵ɱǰ
ߺ˵ͷԵǲû˵ˣԲɱǣǣүû˵߰
˵ţߺ˫һâʹӸߺ˫ֱӽ˱ˣħ֮УҲ̫ǿİʣҲǸոս׶βõġ
ƾʵôߺΪأԣߺԪ֮Уʹû˸ҲԲܹġ
ħһҾԼҸʮʱ䣬ڶʮ֮ڽɱǵɱΪʮһҾͻԳֻٵħ㣬Ҳҵͽˣ
ߺǺģԼͽܣԼȥ֮һᰲ֣ΪԼļˣΣա
ǣҲûа취飬ǣΪԼͽܣûǿΪǾǳĿӺˣԣߺôһôħ㿼ǵ
ߺʵħһ£ⶼ£û⣬һڶʮ꽫ɱģ
ߺ˵ͷͺãôΪʦ㽫۵Ķ
˵꣬ߺһ֣ͽ˷ӡԼ꺣֮еڣŸߺΪԽԽߣ˲ҲԽԽˡ
ǰʹð˲Ҫٻ湵ͨһ£ڣȫûҪˡ
ߺţԺԼʹٻҲܹʹˡ
ңߺо˲ô򵥵ģ˲ںܹ֮ɾһҲ˵
ѵľѰ㣬Ȼ˵ȫʵУǸߺо̫š
ȫʵУҲʮһֱѰҰ˲ˡ
ڸߺпʽİ˲㣬Ƭ½ֻԼ֪ѡ
ϾһƲл֮Ȼ֪˲Ҳɹġ
ߺһЩ鶼֮󣬾Ϳʼ۾Ѳˣξ룬ߺڵΪȫ÷һ¡
ңߺһ֮Уб
ħ٣еֿǿҵģ壬ֻûиߺΪҲǸ߰ĴڣԲԸͶߺ
ߺ㣬Ϊʵ飬Ȼĳƺ֣㹻ˣһ;壬ȴǾǸж
ңԼͳ壬Щȷô׵ľ͹˳˵ҪмҵķԼսҲ˵׼
ǣֻҪƼһĵλȻԼںˣͼ򵥶ˡ
뵽⣬ߺڶ֮ȥ棬Ѿе궼ոɾˣﾲͻء
ΪѾǲĽ׶ˣ˵ʵǰ֮еٮٮҲΪϾԷһ򱶵
ңлһߵĲлꡣ
߿ɲͬԼȰӣĻߣԶǷǳĴġ
ߺ˲Уܵ˸ߺϢĿ˲Լ۾
磬þòˣ״ӶԷĿбߺȥ
ߺ˫һ˵һ仰Ȼͺʵȷ˲ٰ
ЩߺͲںƾԼϣߺɫ̹Ȼûһ㣬ɫƽĵǰ衣


674 
ҲȻ̶ֳܹȣûĸѩȻܹҵʵվ˵
ߺһЦţʵ״ﵽʲô̶˰ɣ
˵ţߺ˫֮һ󺮹ʹӸߺ˫֮бŷžϷȥ
Ҳ˿ʾ˫۱ŷӰŸߺͷ˹ȥոյ·ϣͺӰҵײһ
㶼һ£漴ѸٵȥǣҲֻʮԶ
۸ߺֻӰһ𣬾ͽˡ
ţȻܽҵĺˣַͬıҲȷй֮ߺû֮ս
ڵľ֮еĵһˣԸߺ֮ս˼
һԳһսҪ֪ųƴ½ǿ壬жǿ
ߺ˫һչԼĹĺӸߺϱߺսȻСġ
ս˵սͬвĽԣߺûԼȫʵԼһɵ
ͬһĺʮֵ򶨣˫һܿʼһһһԪߺĺȫֵ档
ңЩԪͬߺԪһзãйãЩƬ״ԪͬƬһ㣬ƬƬθŸߺĺ
ֻߺǺǺԪԸߺһöûС
ߺһЦȻҪиĻҾ͸иĻᣡ
˵ţһЩʼľۼһ𣬲ҿʼΣγһǹžȥ

˫һĶͷϣʼһöɫƬߺͨԼ֮۷֣ƬƬһΣԷ֮ϵķӡ
Ҳӵһز
ǰһռƶŵˣЩǹѹȥ
䡭
һ죬ߺĺǹȻʼƬƬ飬ɢһأߺ˫һСӵǿ
漴ٴλ֣ƾϴȥȻͷŸߺȭһȭ
ߺĺȭ߽⣬Ҳˣ˳˰ףſͣ£̧ͷעŸߺ
ʵΪʲôߺ˵ܹûóԼȫʵ
Сʱٶȼֱ̫ˣӵʷ壬һԵ֮£˱Լ߳ȷǲ
ֱ˵̫ǿˣңԷҲԲǸߺģߺȷСӸոҲѹ˺ܶʵ
ʲô֮ˣͲҪǾԵֵʵ֪ߺ˵ʲô
ոյԪߺǳ׸㲻ˣով۵۳ķְ
ˣŶ˵ոǶǲҵԪγɵģþԵЩƬۣ֮
ߺ˵ͷԭǾڳҵĺɣ˵ţߺԾĿʼó
ոʹóѩЩѩ֮У˸ԩ꣬˺ҧȥ
һȭʮ飬ǣ漴ͱӴΧˣϿʼֵѪ
ȥȻҧңҿǲܹҧö˵ţһͷٴγ˼Ƭ
ǺˣɫٴγɱӣԷȻóƬۣڳ˺ɫɫɫۣɫȫˡ
Щô˺ҧûа취κΣһ˿˺
һ𣬱㽫ߺͷųĹˣڵɳȥ;Уɷĩԭովһͽˡ
磬ҿʹóɵˣѵҪһֱȥ𣿡ͦأŸߺ˵
ߺ˫񣺡˵ģ𣿡
ǵȻҵҪʵܹ٣˵ţϿʼ۳ƬƬ
ü֮оƬɫƬʰԲΣ˿ʮֵӢ䡣
ң⼸ƬƬĳռ䶼ʼٵĲߺæѹ˲ԼĻ꺣֮бǲǸԼ鷳
ƬѸٵȶߺΪ˷ֹٳԼ沼һ֣һЩ͸ȥԼ鷳
Ȼߺ뷨ȷģߺողɣǿʹӾɢ˳ȥϯķܵһж
ҿߺûз꣬û꣬ߺһսɡ
ŶԷԽԽߵƣߺֵĸпȷµһûκһܹȵϣ֪ħ˵ħǵһ壬֪ܹϺȣ
ߺûйĸпܹоǸѾԼȫͷųˣߺҲͷųԼɵ
һױȵĺӸߺϣ˲˷ӿȥҲϵĽ֮б⣬ܵһж˱֮С
ߺ˫ʼڵ죬׷ʼޱȵƮݣİ׹ɢ
ĺڹ׹֮УŴĺεȻߺĺƳ״Ի״ˡ
ȫıˣߺĿ棬񣬶ž˵ҪСˣⲻеĻѸٵķȻĻ˵ģ
֮󣬵˵ͷһģ
ߺȫ죬һ죬ĵأ˱ܵĿȫ˺
ԩ꿪ʼӸطʼ֣ӿȥοɲǸոһˣЩԩҲ˲١
ʼٵƶȥס壬궼һˡ
ߣԱʮֵĴģûа취ߺȡ
ԣЩԩһϣ˫۾̿ʼŸߺʼϵķб˷ȥ
ߺһ߶Щһ𾪣㣬Ӧþˣħսʱ䳤ˡ
Ȼߺܹ֣ħʲôˣôֲܷأ
ϾֻǸߺɵգǴЩԩľѳϵĴ
ߺߣôҪҪڱһˣ
ҡҡͷˣˣ
ߺһ£ҸоȻǿ󣬵ʵ̫ˣһɣ


675 ˳
ܹô̵ʱڣסߺһʵɳٶҲʮֵľ˵ģٳ˸ߺԼû˭ﵽٶȡ
ʷ壬ܹʷʣȻǲͬ졣ߺ˵з˳ȥڷɳȥͬʱħҲС
þúõչħԼͿʼŲٵķС
Ǽ֮Уųǿ򣬸ߺǰֻͨİʣԣһЩ飬ǲǷǳ˽⡣
ǣεߺܹо棬һɷǳƣĵӣӵٶҲǷǳĿ졣
ߺʼɣ滹ź֣ܶЩصĸ֣䲻ĸߺһǸߺ޶ˡ
Ȼ֪ԷһߵģǣߺҪ̽һ£ŪԷǵѡ
ߺٵڿзţһ˸ͿߺӰӣֻܸоһպХ
֮ǸطƣѸٵı룬ͬõ޵һ㡣
ߺٶѾ쵽˼£ԣ˵㲻ʲôڼ֮أߺΪѾɳһ˼Ľ׶Ρ
˵ߺǰʣߺѾ׶Σľ꣬򣬶׶ΣҲֻⷽѹŸߺΪԲߺûа취ס
˵ߺǳ˰ʵľ磬ƫƫߺȴֻǰʣΪֻǰʾ硣
˵ڸߺΪһգԼ֪Ӧһ׶εģǰ֮ϵĶʰɡ
ֻǲյĹ򣬸ߺѾ˲򣬲ҿٵȥȵ񣬾Ҫȥһ塣
Ͼȥˣ屻ħħˣǾͻˣĵطߺĹϽʱ˵ħǲҶЩط
ߺ²ûдڵ壬ڱһӴħΧš
Ȼûоָ·ߺҲ֪嵽ںηڽ䵽ս֮ǰߺϿͣԼ壬ԼĺһЩƶ䣬ۿ
Ҫ֪ħԸ壬˶ԳħİûС
ûøߺʧħȻˣİУһɫĽӣͣ˰УϺɫħţʹ˸Ϳ浽Ϊ
ߣԼ˻ʵˣȻȥ̧ŽӣߺڰУħΪ֮Աǡ
Ҫ˵ǶԷԼɻʵۣҲǲԵģϾ׶ΣʹǻʵۣҲ֮һǻۣΪϵĻʵۡ
ǲ۷ĴڣǴǸʵһϯ֮ڸߺûսء
ǻ֮ǿ֪ˡ
ڸߺۿʱȴжߺòֹͣԼĺ˼룬濴ȥ
̲˳ħ壬ұ֤ǵʵʮҪ࣡ħ浭˵
վŵģһźɫ·ߣ֣ĿħĽһۡ
壬ֻսû˳ӣƾⱰ΢壬Ҫͳ壬ǳ룡ߣɫһ䣬˵
ڤ粻ǱͲˣһɣ˵֮꣬ϺɫӰһڽζϣħӰˡ
֮ǰûʲôͬΨһͬģҲϵһö壬öֻҪ˿͸оԼ񲻶ϵı֮սȥ
ߺԶ˶񣬾ͽָоžˣö壬ߺȴ˼ġ
˵ƽ壬Բøߺ뷨ټħڵΪͱȸߺԣʹҲԲԸߺЧ
ǣߺֻڿһ֮󣬾͸ܵԼܵһ˿ǣԣö岻ͨ壬пʣµһ
öƵڣߺҲûħʹùп֮ǰΪǽһʱġ
û뵽ԷȻ˰񣬶꣬źǣߺԲ鷢
ԷħΪһ峤ҲǺһģ游ԼȥȵĻԼԺôԾ
Ǹýħǰأ֮δˣһɺðߺ⵭Ĵ˹֮гźζ
䳹ǵĺ䣬ڳ˶̲סһ䣬ħ˫һУеĲҲͣעϿա
ܹоڸߺڲͬһ˺ܴĲ
û뵽ǵıҲǾ˱չ֮ڳˣ֪γΪ£Ѳɴ㽫ҶƵԼٵħ忪ս
ħһʼļ֮ˣڸڹ˵ߺ֮ԥ˵˹ߺ仰
ԶԷļߺֻǵЦЦйԼǣûĻԼ֮Ӧûаɣ
˵ţߺ˫һ죬屾ˣ˭Ƕ壬ǾǸȥǴԣֿ죬ɱ˵ٶȸһЩأ
ߺ˵ûеõϿɣĽԴҲȷǳģûħ˵ˣǸȿˡ
ˣʲôöҹ˭ٸַҸ߹壬Ǿ峹׾ѣ
˵ţһУȻٵıǧɣֻһ˲䣬ħߣħһɨβȥˡ
ط·һ֮£ʱ顣
ǣһģħûעһֱڸߺϣ˵ֻиߺвǸ
ֻһ澵ӿٵڶͷϣһͷס

һУûκεãΪ֮Լٵȥ
βռѪ֮ɵˡ
ʵǲ̫ԶˣߺҡҡͷҲѾǰʵľˣǣҪʵʵܶࡣ
ħ˫һУߺҲԸս˭ܹĸԸĹ˳ԼһԲᷴ
ħԸߺսȻ˳ˣǣȴûʵĿҪ˳
ǣʵ飬˵һ㣬ʧԼҲܹ֤ˣǣߺʵʵЩļ£Ѿˡ
¶ӣ
ߺô᲻֪ôģһֱߺЦһð⣡˵գߺ˳
һ֣ϵѹסķе弸һ㶣׷׳֮¡
ãֻжԵеãѹԼһ壬Ҳзǳõá
ѵѾﵽˡӯ


676 һͳ
һԼ游û˵ʲôվڰУֵǣǲ֪ôȥᱻħձ࣬ӽҾҲ
һ仰һȻҪʲôѲҪѱ𣿡
Ҳ裬ڸҿЦƾôܹǾĽһ壬ûгֹֻнߣ
һЦ㿴ڵǿЦЦ˵ǲǿЦ֪
ˣȻѱ䣬ߣˣТٴ£ȻѺȵһٳֵʱ򣬽ڽһ崦
濪ʼм֮ˣĿߺҡҡͷЩǲײĲᰡҰæ𣿡
ҡҡͷԼҵ飬Լɣ
˵գĶͷϿʼһööƬüĵλϣɰԲΣֻ˲䣬Ǿû۾ͳˡ
ͨ쳹أ֮䣬·ֻš
۾һǣʵĵȼңΪʲôУУһһģ
һֻһǣȴͬˣȻͬʱһ˵ϡ
еתˣĲˣЩӣԼϵ׷ʲô
ҵʵܲܵ峤ҵϿҲнϢģ˵ҼǵãһȵѵѲ𣿡
СҲȷȻȡڵļҷ˳
Ļе嶼ǲ֪ǲѵ峤ģе˶ϵ˵Ͽȥ
ɫһڣû뵽ԼλȴԼ峤֮λʵУʮԸġ
ϾԼôһӣ峤֮λǴ˭ǣкܶ壬ɫ̫ÿ
ЩĳǣȻûдﵽʵĵȽףǣҲˣ֮Уִа֣һԭ٣Ҷǿߡ
ʮǰ޻֮գһ½ͳ׵ʧˡ
ǿ죬ԼôĴӦˣͶˡ
Уһɫ峤վ˳ҷ
Զֻû˵ߺ˫һһָǸɫĳϡ
Ľ˲ͱԭأ˲һ࣬˿ȴϵĹݡ
Ŷ꣬䣡
һ壬һԼ춼ˣԼʲôֵأҲ׷׹ھǰ
һǸô죿
Ҳ̫˵Ƿô೤ϵı֣Щϳķ˴أ
˵ôˣŹɣ˼ǳ϶ˣǲܱȳϻҪɣ
˵һͬ塭
е˶ˣڻڵſŵǸ峤ϣ֪ʲô飬Լ͵ˣžǺ棬һƬƬ˶ˡ
ڳʣ˼ˣȻĳϻڵſأʵڲˣ̫ˡ
ԼǰȥԵģû뵽һŹ࣬ȴԼʵӵˣоԼϻġ
ãڿʼĶһԱûеģȫ壡ߺķԸ˵
˵ʲôҪ壿ĳϣĿԲ޴־СһȻеԼ塣
תԼͷô㲻ԣ
ô˵Ҳߴ֮һӵҲ´Щ̫ˣǶм
һһ岻ԸϴνϳȥΪǰһӹ塣
û뵽ξȻˣңǿƻع飬ĳ֮λ塣
ǳ壬Щʲôأ
ҲҪһսȻܵ˾ƣǣţʮ֮ڶҪϾһһġ
ʵһǳĳرӲģͲΪ塣
ϾΪ鸡ʲô־أ
һǧɳİƯڿУϵҡͷԣÿһҡռһ£ÿһ𶯣ͻѷ졣
Цһ£Ҳֻ𣿿Ҳͷˣߣ˵ţӰһͳǰߣһȥ
䡭
һ綼·ֹˣں棬һ籡ȥ֮ǸطѪӿ
ǧɳİҲٵȥһɽӲĽһӵһˣˮ˲ǧɵľ޴ӿȥ
һֻһܣϢֻǳ
ԭػһԼĲӣһһεðߣɣ
תԼ壺ô֮л˭ͬҵǺúõ
ˡһ۰ҵģ׷ҡͷǼӵλ޵У
ճΨܣǧת޵У
˵ͷ⻹ˣڿʼ忪ʼת涨ڿʼгһְе鶼һ˾
ʲôȥһְе嶼Ծ˵ž𾪣ǧһǳƵģҲ˵ȫһµĸĸ
ô𣿡˵֮ЩĿ֮ɪɪҲʲôԵˡ
ߺĵ˵ͷھ֮УǾҵ֮ˣһԼˡ
漴תͷħģս˭ʤˣǲǸ˳ˣ
ħڽ֮һߺҪΪʲôϷףֻǲҴˡ
ߺ˵ͷҾҪллˣҴңʹҲǸѡ񣬵ƾСӵʵҲܹոɣֻǲôĵĹ˳ѣ
ħγǴģټΪͲԸûܹ
ߣҾ͸ӣͲĲˣ߰ɣħ˵Ӱһʧڿ֮С
󣬼̧ǸӾʧڿ֮ˡ
ߺ˫һУһǿ󰡣Ҹոôεĳ֣ˡ
ոոߺʮֵεĴǵû뵽ǱԷˣøߺħʵһµʶ
ڿʼˣΪӪ֮еһԱȻǾ´ĸֻЩǸߺãȻ߾ġ


677 صŮ
ߺֱӽ壬Ͼ֮лкܶûаأңߺ߾ĸ㶨һߣȻȥ
Ͼвʱ䣬͵ħսʱ̣ʱ仹ǷǳҪġ
ߺ˵֮󣬾ŷȥңԼΪ֮󣬸ߺȻо֮Уֻ˫ɯһ֡
ڵĺ˫ɯȻߺ֪ǲǳɾ˰ʣǣ֮ǰĺ˫ɯȷǰʵľ硣
Ȼ˫ɯǰʣǳĻʹʲôأ
ߺ˼⣬ֻǰȥ̽һ¡

ߺˣ֮أߺûнȥͱ˵棬ĿŸߺ
ߺĿһۣǰұǰݷã
ǱԵȣȥͨ˵ţҪȥûŲŲ˫ɯѾˡ
ˣݹ٣ôܲǰӭأ˫ɯ΢Ц˵
ߺҲЦЦһöлˣ֮ڵλ֣ĲһħսҪְ
ߺĻһЦγԣſɲڣôĸִڣ½ͳһˣ̫߿ˣ
ߺɫȻǸ˲ǾͱҲˣҾֻܹˣ
˵ţߺ˫һеٵۣһʼѸٵΣŸߺƳǵҲٵ֮еһȥ
ţ
˲ͳڸߺǰһӣһӵʯűڸߺǰߺȫˡ
ֻ֮ǵӵʯҲڱӣʼϵĽ㺮Χš
ߺ˫һУҲϣΪУϣ㲻ҪΪң
ʵǴǵˣԴӣ˶Բ飡ʱ֮кȻһ
ͬըһ㣬һߺȥߺҲ˫һȻøߺоѹ
ʵһȽ׵ģߺ˫һ𾪵
Ȼ֮ظ֣û뵽ȴôǿ󣬶ңôʱ䡣
֪ʲôϵأߺ˵Ҳ΢Ϭ
ŻڲϵĲţҪغ֮Ʊǣߺôóأ
顭
ߺ˵źȻĺһˣƬƬ飬˷ȥҲ³һѪ
³Ѫĺ˫ɯȴٹߺˣǲĿŸߺߺô⣬ʲôʱģ
ߺһͣ㲻ǵҸոյģԽҵģոջҪң
ʲôʱ飿ô˵һй㣿˵ȫ˸ոչߺˡ
ߺʶʲô˲ͷʲô
ָֻԼԭѣƾʲôʣڵȫûʸΪҪˣǸ˵
ߺ˫֮еɱԽԽŨˣȻôңʱ䣬ԼʮѸ٣ȴûʶ˵Ĵڡ
ǣûз˵Ĵڡ
һߴɵӰӣɽվǰ˵ĻҲ׿ԽŶ
㵽˭ߺûбԷӰŵΪĸоԷӰֻչֳģʵ塣
ʵ壬ߺ²⣬һ֮С
˭֮ʲôʱôһˣҲ־ȣߺԿûĳԾ
ߺĻͷѵҲ֪
Ȼ֪ƾʵôܷأ˵ˣ㽫ˣֻҪ㽫彻ңҾͷŹ㣡
ǸŮӷֵЦһЦЦøߺ̲סˣһЦ˳ǣЦ˹
ô֪ңһֱڳ˯ɣߺ˵˾Ȼ֪ԼУ֤һʱѵġ
ҪȻߺ飬ֵ÷з򶼴ˣô֪ܲ
Ȼʱ䣬û˵ˣǲ˵ˣֻ֪ұߺˡ
ȷʱոѹԸ㹻˰ɣǸŮһ˵
ߺЦǲ񰡣ҾӰӣ
˵꣬ߺ弸˲֮ϣŮ˵ͷϣоĸӺܸҾ͸һ£
ߺϿʼĺһϵĲŮ˵壬ϵĿʼᣬ⡣
ЩɴСʱЩȻתԼ̬ʼΣһ
Ÿɵĸߺȥǽ֮ռ׷׻롣
ܵǽķ񣬸ߺ˫һѩ
ߺ֪ԼеĻǾǳױˣȻȥûôǿǸߺܸо⽣һЩԾ
ߺ忪ʼǹ⣬ǱӸߺһ֮зȥ
֮ϣȻһֻ޴ĵۣ۾зԲǧɴСͫס
ҿ֮㣬ôǸҹȥοûʲôΥߺ
֮зһ˿㣬ǸŮޣеѾ˳ܹܵĳ̶ˣԣҲųֵģ
˵ţһ׷֮ͫǽӭȥǽ׷֮£˲߽⡣
֮ˣ֪Ϊ˱磬ҾͲƻˣ֮ҲʮֵļɵȻûдﵽԶԿ̶ֳ֮ȡ
ߺȴ˫һУû뵽һ֣
ܹ֮׷֮ǳģߺûԼһϴǺڰʥ˵Լͱˡ
㡭Ϥ𼶵Ϣ֮ȻˣȺɽȷ˵
ʶˣҲƻˣ߰ɣǸŮ˵˵
ߺû뵽ǣ׷֮۾Ȼͬˣûнйʧڿ֮С
ұ㣬ôħ尡ߺ֮д
ϻˣ㽫彻ɣȻĻҲҲһҪ㣡ǸŮ浭˵
ߺһЦƨӽԼŽֱǳ룬Ĵȥɣˣݰţ
˵ţߺӰһʧڿ֮УȴǲͣһҲ̫е̬ˣԼ˵治Ķ֡
ȻԼصɱУǣߺھͱ¶ǽħ֮ܲѡ


678 ħ嵽
ߺߵʱ򣬽ҲأҸĵе˿ʼжŲ
ǰһ㵽׼ûУ˵ǲǵʲôʱˣ˵Ǿһѵʱ򣡡
ߺһڿмٵķУһѯ˫ɯ
һ£ڼ֮ǰɣ⼸µ飬һӡûˣ֪ô£Լһ磬ֺһ
ߺ˵ͷǱˣֵǣΪʲôҪأУΪʲô֮ǰأ
ȻˣʱҵľҲһƺǶʱ飬Ѿ֪ˣ
ߺгȥһǸʱѾˣֻǰʵľ磬ûսʤֵİգһ̵ֱġ
ڣһаսʤԼˣԳˡ
ȴ֪ħ֣ǿħжôǿߺЩȷ׼ԼǷܹսʤԷ
ߺڼСʱ͵˲ģʥɽڵʥɽȻ֮ǰͬˡ
ʥɽ֮ϣĵӣǶǱڵĵӣյ壬ﷱ
ߺɽ֮ϣкܶˣߺܾûм˶ˡ
ңӾ죬ҲӦóңˡ
ʱ䣬ȻԼֻˣҲֻǺľ硣
ֽˣھʱŬѾǺ۷ľˡ
οߺҵǲ˲棬źܶʵҩҵΪȻǷ
һʱ䣬ھ߽٣ߺŮӯӯȫΪ˲߾硣
ӯӯҲΪǺ۷ΪΪߺļˣȻܸߺˡ
οߺڼңִߺܶ£Сһﱻߺʥɽߺĺ̶֮£ȻҲûа취ˡ
Ȼڰģıڲû˷ǳΪ˱ڵķ֧ˣһʱ֮ڣ쵼ڶʼ淢չ
֮УϱĴ򣬶бڵķ֧ȻûиߺôݻҲǸطΪǿˡ
ڸߺư½ԣھųЩ֮ΪǿĴڡ
һЩںϽȥ׵ĳΪ֮ˣǱڵһ֧ˡ
ߺ⣬û뵽Сһ󣬵ǻȴ˿Լ
ĶڣԼʣרˡ
ʦ𡭡ڸߺڱϣѩ˻㱨ʱһ˺Ȼڸߺǰİһݡ
ߺȥӰʮֵϤ
˾ǸߺĴͽܣҲǴӡĽƺ
ĽƺѾǵ°ˣʮֵӢΪҲʮֵǿ󣬲쵽ǺӾˡ
ƺûʦߣʦһɺãĽƺӯ뵱ߺ׷ɱûпմԼ
ңԼĸĽЦҲ˵ԼҪֻǾҪߺΪԼֻܹߺϺȡ
ӴˣĽƺǱıչ£ǰóصʱ˵ԼʦѾΪҽţԼҲոˡ
Ѿ֮ˣȲ˼еķԡ
һ֮ãԼڵˣһᰡ
ҺãߺƬ½ͳһˣͳ˱ϵеЩӶǣߺշˡ
ߺµˣЩӶеĲͬз䣬ЩĶʵ̫ˣǾͻѺŸߺǿƣȻħսʱǵڻҡ
вЩ֪ģͻΪ֮Уײıףڻұ֮󣬾ˡ
ԣһ·ϻʮֵ̫ƽġ
ʦ֣ĶĽƺһ񣬶Ľƺİ̥ʱ򣬾ͺԼʦ˵
ң֮ҲԼʦ֣Ȼİˡ
Сʦܣþòˣû뵽ʦԽԽˣֱһģӿ̳ģĽƺЦĶԼСʦ˵
ߺİ˰֣ӽտʼͲСʦˣ
˵ţһӣһӰڸߺǰŴң֮ûһ˿飬ĺǺ
ʹҴкߺ˵
ħһܣ˶ˣӲȻ󣬻ôġƯ
ħʱڴС֪ʲôƺ˰죬ֻһƯ
ϰ֣˭ʵ
ȻһԲѷǸߺԼû˵ʲôȻҲ˵ʲôˡ
ҽħҺãŵǸͷļһҵʦ𣡡Ȼôҵ飬ɵͷɵԵġ
ߺҡҡͷӽħҸߺĶˣƺҽһ°ɣ
ĽƺԴʦַ緶ħǰº͵˵ʦĴӡĽƺ
ǵ˵ҽи룬ʦҵϰ֣
ۣһģһҪǲ֪ĻΪֵأһ˲䣬ħԾ˵
ߺոպһˮ˲ˣⶼʲô߰ģ㿴ԼӳΪֵܵƺһ͸ɣסǣʮ֮ڣﵽʵĵȽףȻǾ͸Żɣ
ʲôʦҲ̫ˣʮʱ䣬ʵȽףȫǲܵİĽƺһ㶵˵
ҲǱԼ׵Ļˣףǲܵİɣ
Ȼڻʮ꣬Ѿǲľ磬ѾʽˣǣҪ֪Լʣڲͬġ
ߺ˵ͷģʱ䣬Ǹ߼ҵĶ٣еĺöϣֻҪҪϣ;㣡
˵ţߺɫħǺÿٶȰô͵ˣ
ħ𣿡һ仰½Ծе˶һ֮УڸߺԼЩ˲ûħйʮִĳͻ
ڣħǿڵˡ
ߺӰһʧԭأһ̳ʥɽ֮⣬ĿԶĺϡ
ħ壬ڿзţ֮棬ħ֮ϵģһɫסľ޴ӡ
̧εˣѾˣˣħˡ
ħҲδȵһħԶܵ˶ʼԷ仰
һΪر˲䱬ը
ߺ۾һͻߡ
ߣԷĴЦȫֵסˣҿʼطȥ
ħôô磬ѵѾѭĳŵ𣿡ߺ˵
ǾͣںϣԲŵǵģʱһҾͿʼ


679 ֮ս
һһйȥˣߺԵʮֵ򶨣ںϣһ⼸ûж
ϰ֣Ѳɲ𣿡ڸߺԱ߽˵⼸һֱڵȴԼԮĵ
ԷħһأҸǸ֣ߺȻڶ࣬иֺ٣ƾħǱߵƾͿԸо
ߺԼ۾ʲôõĵģԮվܸϵңÿսʤģҪ߲㣬ʤпޣ
˵ʵ룬ħսԼʤˣôʹٶħ֮ˣҲԵԼĹ
෴Լˣô֮У;ûܹħȼ硣
˵˵ţߺȻ۾ˣ
һ֮󣬸ߺӰʧӰˣӿռʧˣٴγֵʱѾǰ֮ңĺߡ
ħʼѹϵعפڰߵĲǡ
ϺɫĹⲻϵ˸ÿһ˸һ󲿷ֵĲʧ½ʼѿˮ͸һֵĴ½ȫˡ
ħʲô˼ôǰʼأߺ֪ʣȴһ䡣
Ľһ±˷ɻңħܵŮˣȫһ˷ɻҡ
ħȻͦУĿ˸ߺһۣҵɵӰΪĻȵһ֮𣿡
ߺЦЦȻҾԲὫ㵱ɵӣһİ׳գȻôˣ㲻ľ񣡡
Ҫƭң浱ɵԴϴοʵһ֮ǰĲ֮ҾȷţһǰǱȻǿ󣬵Ҳûǿ󵽿ҵĲĵزҪȻĻԲôżʵ
⣬ߺЦղŷӦҿĲɵǵĿɰˣ
ħɫǵͨ죬ߺһ̼֮˫һ̴г֡
һױȵĽӽϱֻ⽣ͽضг룬µҽɶ
ߺ˫һڵңԶܹˣƾѽԶԶҵĶˣȫᡭ
ڸߺϿʼǿĺضոձƵ˲䱻ˣһ
֮ϣƿ硣ϣҲڴصѿҽӣɽˡ
ض·˱ʱڣеһжһƬЩħں֮Уʹ˻š
ΪǺ֮У˺ߺԣôĿš
ȻЩ֮Уֻħ壬Ҳ࣬ϾߺĺɲǿģǵҲֵġ
ߺڣһԼûѡ񣬵ȵħһʱ򣬿ܰĵ½أҪˮ֮С
Ҳߣһ룬ʱľͲֹЩˡ
ȻΪĺԼ嶼Ź棬ħЦ
ߺ΢΢һЦôħʲô˵ԼûΪֲкԼħ壬Ϊһɵ𣿡
ҲãҲգգΪͿĺܹס֮𣿡ħһɫеĲ߸߾
Σߺûϴֿ־ĸоˣϾеˡ
ԶڲģҲصĹ۲ˣԼʮף濴ҶƬмطȽϺ
ձĲԼа˴жദڶƽıǣϵ¶ǰɫġ
ֻǣߺÿԼ֮۹ۿʱ򣬶оһŵֹԼĹ۲졣
ͷ·ԼһķԼһߺ޷ı̺
ԷħҲӶÿһλӶд뵽ĺ֮С
ģߺǸоԼߵܵ˺ܴľޣ޷Է
ң֮УзǳŨҵľ綾ʶܹʴʶ뵽У˺˵ꡣ
ߺͲһɫ͸оЩǻһ㣬ԼĻ꺣֮ȥ
ҺãߺɫɫΣЩص֮󣬱ָ棬Ҳܹ
ߺԪһЩصԼ֮⣬ŸоһЩ
⡭ߺתͷͱԼĺǲȥ֮ȫİԼĺ֮С
ϾȻס˸ߺһ⣬һת̱룬ȥ
ߺ˫һ̫ˣҵǺܹĵȴⲻס
Ҫ֪ߺһУǱԼľԱǿʮҲֹǿİүӲһ⡣
ҿҲ͵ΪֹˣħŸߺĳЦߺ˫һУְ𣿡
ΣҺΣħЦţ֣ԼĲֱ̫ǿˡ
ţߺܹóʲôܹԸǣһ飬ǾеȻǣȴӲӦʵ
ߺһһڸߺĽ£ߺѩɫͷɢˣƮţ޾ıϢ
˵첻ڣôû죬ﶼҪҵĽ²ҵĻϵԣ
ߺпʼĬĬ߶ţµıʼͷųһ˿˿ĺЩͬڸߺĻȪ亮ɢ޾Ϣ޾ĸ
ɢԴԴϵŸߺİɫһ𱬷ԴԶܹ
Щ濪ʼΣ۳һıʼ޾أ޾ѾĴϣϵ
Щʼռ֮УŸߺ±֮ϵЩ꣬ʼ衣
ǸߺԼֵȼ֮ƿֵ֮ģѾܹŵķӳһ˿ˡ
ÿһܹߵʵУǧǣЩûЩħ֮˷ȥ
Ǳһһңȫеħȥ
ħ˫һеĲɢŨħֱۣ»Ӷһ˺صĽ⣬ЩƬƬĻٵ
󣬻һЩ©֮㣬ħ˹ȥһʼʱħЩԼϡ
ǣͲôˣΪЩ֮УһЩߺ±ꡣ
ЩɲǲߵĹܹɱʵԣЩ֮УһƬϻħѪӿ
ԴˣҲٸСЩˣԭЩֻԻ۾ģɱС
뾵ЩԽԽ࣬ȻħӦܿ죬ǣϾϵ˺ۿʼ


680 
һ澵ӳħͷϣһҫħ壬Щ׷׵ĻǾ֮УĹâ֮ϣ׷׵Ļ⿪ˡ
ߺһתµıҲת˿˿֮ӽµ֮Уʼϵɢ
˳ʱЩ֮ڱ˺ɫħмƣֻвͬǡ
ħǸ˸ֱ֮е֮
Щ֮ʼϷȥЩڿлһߣǼµٶǱѰļӲƻռ䶼˺üݡ
ƻ˲䱩˺üˣߺܵĺ֮ϣʼһεķ֣ߺİ档
Ȼǹ汸ģܹأߺµҲܹ𵽱á
ĺĽϧϧҲΪֹҾͲţƾеĶܹİе
ħԼеĲݺݵߺȥһ춼ƻ˲ˣֻʣĳ죬ڼš
ȥСһܲˡһ£ħ壡½δ֪ĴڣһֻۺȻεĲ
֮ڷӦˣħĻǾе㲻һˣ֮УǸϢˣûа취ˣûϢģֻСһܹȼˣ
֪ħǿҲ֪ߺǿֻ۾Ҳ֪ԼǸߺĶ֡
ǸߺóԼʵ˵ԼҲҪ˱ᡣ
ȻһֱֵĺǿƣǱı⣬ֻǿѣʵֻǻ˵ġ
ϴţߺаɱǸŮˣǸŮȴܹס
ҪΪԼĵϸѾ֪ˣôٺͶԷˣʲô֮ķأ

ߺȻ飬֪Ļ϶ᱻԷסпԷϾһֻô۾ۿԼ˭Բˬǣ
ϡ
һҵ𣬸ߺǰǸ֣ƬƬ顣ЩҲ׷׵ħ߷ȥ
Ҳǽǰ뾵Ĺâɢˣֻɢ֮󣬶Էľֻ΢΢ζһ£ǹâָ̻ԭ״ֻ֮ǰһЩ
еڸߺĲ֮ͬǣߺĲ֮ʵ̫ˣǻƣúüٴء
ǣǿܹ֮˲Ƶ
ȻĻֻܹԭʼķһƵһĽ֮ûΪֹ
һЩϲߺģֻܹ֮⣬һ⣬ǧ꣬궼Ҳûгͷ֮ա

ߺ˫һ漴΢΢𣺡ԭ뾵ļޣҵҪİ뾵ڱˣʲôҶԿ
뾵״һͭľӣСԼʮ״СԵмܣ̻źܶޡ
ǶһЩص޵״ǿޣЩͼƬзǳǿԻ֮ġ
ҲǷ˽ԼıߵĿԣԲרġ
ߺ˫һʩչԼˣڲ׾쾳磡
˫۷·׵Ŀնһףܹװ´ǧһ㡣
ţߺϿʼǿĺЩŸĺУһ˿ʥ
ȫǺɫĺڿвϵΣ󣬱ɴСĺ㣬ɢаϢ
һŤ壬Щħ߻ҪаЩŤ֮£ʼ𽥵ķ
ǲˣһԼ֮ǣ䲻ϣεͿġ
ֻ۾ȴڲͬԵ쳣ʥ·Ĵڣʹ塭
һȨˣȻʩչֱħ廹ҪаĹôˣ
ħ˵ĥʼ޴ĺȥ
ֻɱĵȻǲøߺеһһͲǰ֮ˣ֣ˣ
ߺȻûдô㣬Ӱһתٴͷų˲㺮Щʼڿۡ
۳ոһС̬״·һģ̳һ
֮ǰȴرĲ죬ǾǰɫģɢŹϢ
ǣֻ۾ȴǡǡ෴޾а
Щħϵĺâҫ̿ʼɺɢڿռ֮С
ֿ־忪ʼħ֮ӣеħ嶼ʼǲԼĽǱԼͬɱ˵ʲôûеĴڡ
ȻߺûзŹǵĴ㣬һ֮۴Ӷͷ֣м״ɵȥ
㿪ʼϵΣһаһ㿪ʼһ𲻶ϵת֮㡣
ڿศɣϵɢǿĺЩһʼϯܣһб⣬һʼֹЩ֮γɵյ
޴ڿʼڰתˣǿʼӰв
Ǻɵһб֮ٴνգһ˺ܶңһЩģߺĺ֮󣬾ͻữޣˡ
Ǻڰʥ֮һʶ̣ǻȪ֮·Ǹ̡
̣ƹһһ
ǣߺ̿˵̸̣ȷһ㡣
Ϊڸߺ֮УǽȥģûĿԣ˵һм˵˭ֻҪȥߺûа취ȡ
˵ߺԴһҲ֪ԼһеĲ㣬ţû뵽뱻ԷصزԼǲòˡ
ħʼϵرߺ̲ϵսȥ뵽к󣬾ͳױɸߺ̵
һ£תٶȸӵĿˣֱ͸Ƶá
һɾ޴磬֮䷢ģһĸ
磬ŰǱ⺮뵽еģȫһ˿˿ĸΪ̵һ֣Ҳ͸̵ǿ
Լ½ʧħһ˿ϧĸоûУΨһϧǣԼκӦߺһˡ
Լͷϵİ뾵ĿʼζҪȥǹâ˸ˡ
Щ޾ĺԼ忪ʼҿԼĲá
תһЩ˲顣
ǣһЩҪԼԼϵ飬ǣЩǸ֮ޣ֮
û뵽ߺôǿһʱ䣬ˣҲȫջ񣡡˵ţħȻ뾵


681 ֮
ߺͺһ꺣֮е꼱ٵתҲʼӼٵתѹյһݡ
ǰ뾵˲ð޹⣬ΪƽӣħУЩʼϵħϡ
û˰뾵âıħֻԼˣڱǿҵħԿǲԼϿʼĥ̡
ϺɫħɫĺԿһ𣬼ǲϻĲڱƬܲסĲ
Ѿɺĺϣʼ֮ǣȥǣһʱϺɫħ֮£׷׵ıݡ
ĺˮ̸ɿˣˮĳҲһƬĵأңЩĵؾȻҲɪɪܲסߺ̵ڽıȥ
죬ʼرѣĩյĳ̫⣬ͱߺ˹
Ƭ½һƬڰ֮У̫쿪ʼߺ߾ۼߺС
̫Ҳǲ⣬ʼУΪһֳ죬ʼߺͦ
һСǱǱ
ߺ˫һ֪ȥǰ취ˣôգ춼ҪԼ
Ļ½Σ֮ˣҪ֪滹кܶ߶½
ЩߣԲǸߺԼܹģ˵ʱ½Ļϴơ
ʱԼͲƬ½ˣƬ½ˡ
뵽ߺֹͣסˣҲֹͣסˡ
ǣߺûôͽջȥǽǣЩ̣ȥ
һصĹǿһ㣬̣̱ҲʮֵļӲ
ߺΪͷų̣ͷųԼųɵ˵ʮעһˡ
ɹʡ
̹ȻûøߺʧӲȷǱѰƻô֮Ҳǿ
һδεħȥħһתеĲҲеĽ̳ȥ
ﬡ
ħٵȥԶԶıԶĹµһײײˡ
㾹ңħζһԼͷԣӷܵıĺˮƬ
˵ţ˫ֳֽĿߺǾƬһްɣ˵ţȫϺɫħˡ
ʼϵоۼϺɫĽһĲ鳹أÿһνĲὫĿռ飬񷿪ʼ
ƬضʼϵѣϾҪĵʱһϺȻ֣ߺվǰ棬Ŀħ
̣ĥߺб⼸֮»صԭأʼϵת
ֻתȴĿ꣬󽣹Ĳߺ̿ʼϵת淢ǿʼסĽǽĲչ
תȫ뵽ȥǿĲ֮ɢ˷ȥ
Ϊ̵Ƭˣߺ뵽һ취ǾԼʼ֮е
Щ̵תĳΪָŸߺҪĸԣߺֱӽɢ˶ͷųĺתԼ
ҿ̱ǸߺģԣߺҲᳵ쾶Щգ
ߺոĵָˣԴӸߺոյİ뾵Ƶ֮ħĴҲͬոյǰˡ
ֻԼеǱߺͷųĺ籩һδεɢ
ǣģʼЩֹˣ˷ĺ籩ǸţԴ⼸֮󣬻û
ԼȻ̼֮ǣȴΪܹӳġ
ħԼһĽֻ˵һ㣬ܹӵƫƫħԼȴʼûй
ֲܹ֮һȱ֪ˣԼĽΪֽ۷ĵز
ԲڻᱻߺƳֵزһڣҲ׷Īˡ
ڣߺĺһθϵʱħѾȱʧһĵزˡ
ԼһԻصĽߺĺ˿ۣ󣬾Ȼ˱˵
ڴ˳֮£ڱߺϣűǲ꣬汸
ԣߺǸˡ
ҵ֮£ɣߺԼȻܹӦˣԼ̣ݺݵħȥ
ϡ
ħһҵͷðǣоԼ˶ģܵ綼ת
⻹ҪģҪľǣԼ·ڽı⣬Ǻ뵽Լ֮󣬿ʼռԼ壬Լ
Һã֮еħԪ꣬ͱĸһȼߺԪĵȼֿܹ࣬һ
ǣҲôһĹ͸оԼ˲ֱĵɡ
˳Ľߺĺȥ֮֮еħԪֱĵһ˿Ѿˡ
ħ֪ȥԼᱻģǸߺľٴ룬ܹڸߺѾȫĽ׶ˡ
˫ֿ̣ϵԼӦӲϾ̣ۻҡ
µĶһƬһƬӰǣܶùһʱȴ㲻һ
Ӱܹصķ뵽ħ֮еģûһħ壬ħ޾أͿʼ˲䱻ǿѿˡ
ħĲħ֮ϣʼһѺۣϺɫѪһƬƬأϺɫˡ
ڣǵѪҺҲͨѪҺˣԴӽ뵽֮ǵѪҺ֮кǿ
ͺñȣߺѪҺܹ֮˲ǧأǧѩɱ
ƬǧٳʲôˣһЩƽĻбĿԡ
пܱɱħԡ
ȥǰ취ұҪһ취ҪȻĻпܱߺħ˼ת¶ģֻ취ˣ磬ѾǸߺĶˣֻ취֮гȥˣ
֮УҪʤߺѾûа취ˣܹǱĶ꣬רоǣڸߺٶȣѾûֿˡ
ߣǱһȥЩһܹ㣡ħ˵ţİ˳ʼͷŹħҲĽ뵽С
棬ͬһһ⣬ȥ
Ƿ·ԽصĿռ䣬ߺ̶һա


682 ׼
ߺһĨɫĹȥ˫һУֱӳƳΪʲôܸоЩԾҵ۾ƭһ
һĨɫʧڸߺǰ죬ǣߺУǸо˲ûԶĳһ䣬עԼ
һƥ˵һڰԼ˿ڣҵȴᣬһҧԼĶ֡
ڸߺûпȥЩˣħѾ˲ˣȻѾˣڶǿ壬սš
ЧǺܴ󣬱ϾħЩ̫ǿˣǿ󵽲˼飬ߺһͳĶ֣ռѪͳǿơ
ȻҲǱȽǿģǣԲһܹǿڣ٣Եİơ
ߺ˫һ䣬ĺһȥɣ
˵ţһħ壬վǰ棬վǰʱһӹЩԽħ壬ȫ
ƬƬ鿪ΪƬ
ħ岻Ϊħ壬Ȼܹڸߺĺ֮´ǣҲֻһɶѡ
ǣߺȴû˵ʲôֻǵתԼ塣
Щ˵壬ûʱٴαһ㺮ٴε飬ôػؼ֮ЩӲдħ壬Ҳȫˡ
ֻǸߺһУɵħ壬ʣЩǿǣĶԾѾˣЩԸߺ˵ССϺͷķˡ
ǹԹԵ־ܣҵҲΪǣȻĻЩˣǵǰ֮˵ţߺٴðһź
ʲôһﵽжǿ󣬾Ȼˣս֮Щħǰĳ
ѾߺʵˣԿߺһһʱжɵˡ
ôľôðɣҳȫǡߺĻո˵ڣʣħ嶼Ǵһ
漴صıͶͶ㲻Ҫɱǣ˵ôǾô
ߺĵ˵ͷͺ˵ˣǣͶȫҵ֮аɣ
˵ţߺһ֣еħ嶼ӡסΪǾͬһȫߺʧڸߺ֮ǰ
һУߺһоת嶼̱ڵϣϵĴŴ
ոգûиӦɣӦ˲Ϣ游ܵߺ֮󣬺ȻĿŸߺ˵
ߺһϢȵĴһ̧ԼͷԷôҪҪȥ𣿡
Ȼߺǵڵϣſеǣûһ˿Լǣſеǵ
ôҪҪԣڣʱʺȥƾʵ۷塣
ǣȻ޶ԵģĬĬĿŸߺһ飬ҸͲмȥ˵ˣѾͬˣ˲ںˣˣôһ˵ҵˣ֮Уռ͹ɣ
ǰɣǷѾǧռģ㲻֪ôô꣬˶ƾʲôԵ޹ʵľ͸ЩԵ˵
ȻߺʵǷǳǿûˣƾһ˵ʵ½߶Ҳδɡ
ǣǸߺʱʱǷѵʱ
ߣǻ˵أ˵˲Ƶľٴ룬Ӧ÷ˣЩţûΪزۣڵ壬ͳΪ½ǿˣ
˵ôˣңһǣʹӵƬ½ǿҲһǸߺĶ֣
вĵû˵ߺ£½ǿѪᡪѩ
Ȼ󣬸ߺĳҲǺǿģǺ͸ߺһĺŸָǳԶԸ
󣬾ǸߺҵǼСۿģǿʵǿ츳£ͲҪ೤ʱ䣬ͿԴﵽߺǿȡ
ʱ򣬼ʹߺˣǽ˲ҲܹսʤߺǼСһ
ҪԭǣоߺԼȷǹ˼Լ˵꣬УҲν翵ҪĶˡ
ߣƾǣǾֵĻǼҲҵĶ֣ߺм˵
Ȼħս֮ʵֻʣһɣȫʢʱڵľǾԲǶֵġ
ǣʣЩ壬ߺȫеġ
ߺֻǾôҵս֮¶ѣԼͻƵһֲ֪Ľ׶Σ˵λпܰڶԷ֮¡
ԾöԷˣԷüֱ̫ˣߺЩĽˡ
Ум˲ߺĿʵ
룺ûв´ĻڲӦѹɣһ˲߲ˣֻһˣ

ʱ䣬ߺ֮㣬սϻûɢ꣬壬ʲô꣬ߺûϸķ࣬յȫա
ȻȥһΣ˲ˣУһ֮ùߺЩħˣѺ档
һ㣬㣬ɽ̫Уǳ
һ㣬Ҳ˲ĵڶ㣬棬Ҳʮǿһ㣬һĿռʮֵĴȴʲôûС
һУǿɵĲٿأɵģӵˣ棬һ㡣
ߺ֮УһѸٵһƬԭʼɭ֣һ
ٴһһɽεض𣬴Ʋ㣬߸š
ţﻨ㣬éɢ棬СˮеһУֵôͻȻֻߺȴûԼӵ
ֻܵһЩ򵥵壬˵ľЩľǼ򵥵
㣬ߺûа취Ȼֻӵļ䡣
ǣߺڵΪȫﲻ̶ֳȡ
ߺ˲߲ո֮󣬴ڸߺǰֻʣһ㣬ߺûѰҵ
֪һ㣬ǲǱʣ棬ɢ½֮Уĳ֪Ľ䡣
Ȼ󣬸ߺĲԼĺһ£˼죬ԼļӴ˼졣
һ֣֮еƳȥ֮󣬾񼫱֮ؽ
ߵʱ򣬸ߺ˲ѹԼʥɽ֮£úȫӡ
ֻ֪ȥİ취ң֮ˣ˾Ķ֪ߺ˲е
У̷֮֮㣬ѹ棬ħʮ꣬ɱħͷ֮ħ壬Ϊɳ֮һҪ


683 
ھ˼ҵľ֮ȻȻվŵڶֵλãһֵȻǸߺɡ
ߺҲѩһҪԼСһһҪԼĻҸ˵ԼΪʱ򣬾ͽ뼫֮ء
ǸطȪȻߺмİգܹȪ֮·Լĵط
Ϊߺҵһ˿ϤĺȪͼϵĺ࣬Ȼߺ˼Ȫͼ
ǣҪԼʱ򣬾ȥ֮صǸطȪͼŵڰ׶ʥС
󣬸ߺͳȥ֮ˣߵʱ򣬸ߺû˵ֱ֪һʹġ
ôĬĬء
ߺһ·ٵ򱱷Уڸ߼ҵͳελߺǷģȣԼͨЩӣֳ˺ܶķ
ЩŸߺһʵҲ˵ÿһ˶žʵ
Щһ˸˸½û⡣
ǣ˸Ŀֻ꣬ǱڣȵڱµʱǾͻԼ̶׳ȥûеĻǾͲȥ
ڵ½ûиǸߺһҵĴˣ֮ڣԲ˸ڸڵ¡
Ϊߺߵ飬˶ûиߣ˵ˡ
ڸߺǿ˭˲֪ߺΪ˻ħǽ򶼲ٵˡ
ڣ˲ģеĵطֱ³ˣ򣬲ȸ򣬶ǱķѣҪǸߺߵʱһ£ڶѾ˺ˡ
ôǿˣôǱأȸߺߵϢӱ֮ڴȥ֮Ҳôɡ
ǣѾǸߺĵˣŮж︣ĵûõģһжԼŬˡ
ֻԼ֮棬ô߼ûˡ

˻þȻõʵˣԭһжǸߺԵʣģʥɽԶĻʹ֣ۣһ߸̾ţ޵Ŀɬ
ڣʳеĹԱһ󲿷Ǹ߼ƼģңȨԼλ
˵֮ǰǸߺ̷֮еĵһ̷ʹǲߵΪ
ڱԼƽʱһֱĵС

ߺٴ˼֮أ֮ǰһˣߺĻһ֣һĻȪͼڸߺС
һǻȪͼзȥ䵽˺ڰ׶ʥܵġ
ϴοĳٴչڸߺǰֻǣ֮ǰһǣһθӵ˶ǡ
棬ǹŵÿһһǣŸߺĻǣߺͷ·˹ȥһ
ȻȻΪǿ磬֮УһһƬµأҺ֪ڵң浽ʲô׶ΣѲµȵĵȼһҪͷ𣿡
һ߿ŴŻĴ򿪣ߺֱ֡
Ŵ򿪵ʱһ󼲷紵Ǳ䵽Ϣĺߺȴо쳣Ϥ
׼ˣڰ׶ʥȻһ㣬Ÿߺ΢Ц˵
˵ߵƽ˵ûʲôһ΢΢Щ߶ѣң˵ɫҲȽϵĺˡ
һһףڵľͬմɽСúһ׵ģѪɫһûС
ߺ˵ͷҹˣ֪浽״ʲô
ǱһеһУҪԼȥ֣УǷ̵Ϣת㽫߹̫·ͿԵյյ㣡
ԣЩڵ㣬Ҳûʲôˣ
ߺһ̤Ⱦ޴ıţ½֮Уȱ˲ʧӰ١
ڸߺУԼǺڰɫ·֮ԼҲʧˣޱ޼ʵĺڰɫ·
ĸ溮ʮֵӴ󣬸ߺ·ãÿһ͸оĺԼĿн뵽Լ֮С
Ȼ󣬿ʼÿһλɢߺ·𱻶һǣ֮һЩصʮϸ΢־谭ʷӵıʼѹ
ңͬ۵ƣָĲˣĵȽ׿ʼڽߺʣҲǺһصľ硣
ԪΪ̫Զˣǣ֮󲻹һĹ򣬾Ϳʼڶؾĳ̶ˡ
ôһֱֱߺߵĵȽϣŽ
ˣߺпһԼ۾Щʵߺõ˺ܶνͲȫʢ״̬֮½ġ
ǣ뵽ôһû뵽ĺôḻȻָ۷ˡ
ߺ˳ɫ·һֱôȥ˽Сʱߺٶȣŷɵ˾ͷ
ھͷһӵʯɢŹӵϢ
ʲôģôûǸʯϣдŸߺʶ֡
ǰ棬֮ǰģ֮ģ޵ģߺһ˳ȥ͸оԼʼ뵽һڡ
½ʱ֮ʱ򣬵ôơ
ãǴߵ𣿺ӣһ˳ڸߺǰɢźߺоʮֵ
ɫ·ͷӶɫģȫⰻȻġ
ߺ˵ͷûǴģ֪ôƺʲô飿
Ƭ棬Ϊ˾ǵһӵĳ֣ʣҵӣҵĵΣ
Цߺޱ˵ǰΪʦʲôô𣿡
ôǵȻеģڿʼҾͽƬ͸㣬һ㱾Դ֮ôͳΪƬ׼ˣȵΪۼ֮󣬾ͻΪƬͳߣ
Ǹָ棬ߺ˳ֿȥһ޼ʵ·
ҵСƭˣһǷ׷ǹʣΪʲôҪͽأоǣ˵ģ֪ͲһƬ磬˵ⱾԴ֮ҲǼٵİɣһͽܣһͽܾʹһƬ磬㵱Ǹ𣿡
ߺ˵Ļ֮ԱǣʲôɣѾͨˣϿҹȥ
ɫɭȻǸϼһӻȻ뽫ƬӣôǹԹԵȥɣ
˵ţԼ֣ߺȥֻովһһӰӾͳƬ֮Уһӣߺһ֮У˦˳ȥ
ʼգߺӦĻᶼûУҪ˵ˡ
ڰ׶ʥСһȻҺ£˫һУ˲ԭʧٳֵʱѾеİӰ־
ʦ壬ʦ˵Ҳʦ˼Ҫģֻǲһѣǽٵ˵Ҳͨ˰ɣ
Ӱæͣ˵ǵʦȪ棬밲˵뵽֮УҲûôˣʦϢŭ


684 
ոûºְɣӦûҵõɣʥȻ뵽ʲô̧ͷӰӰͷ
ӦðɣǾͲ֪ˣոչžˣصǸ㲻񣬸ոõǣˣǺõʩչķӡ֮ӦѾȫӡˣ
Ļˣ·ĿռĴڣȻ˵ʵǣûʵĻǺѵģ
ҪҪȥ
żȽ飬ʦ˼ɣ
ʦǱչҪһųأҪȻҲôҪɱѡ߰

ߺоԼ屻֮ƮƮȥҪԼȴ֣Լ֮УĺڰסԼ
Ȼɫûֱ˺ֱӣǣȴӡסԼ֮УͬϼһԼİΧ
ˣôݰɣߺε뵽ҿԼҲѾ߼ˡ
˵⣬ߺʼӦεķˣԼȻҲӡˣҷӡĸӵο
Լ֮ڣÿһҪѨɫţͷŲˡ
ǹɹԣߺ·һ࣬沨һɫݣԼӹЩ֮УĿռ
Щռǿ󣬸ߺֻܹܵҪǱըһöĻԼͻʬ޴档
ǣһ磬û뵽Ȫͼһĳ֮УȻпռ䣡Ǹøëһϼһ˵ĵҲȫǼٵģһ磬ģ
ߺһ߹۲Щݣһи̾
ÿθߺЩռնߺ֪ԼԲܹЩݣȻĻĲ֪һռ֮ˡ
ʵԶʵԶҲǻ룬Խ棬ЩݾԽ࣬ĳ̶ߺоľս
ߺЩסˣֲܶײһ棬ڸߺΧǹɺкŰɫȻһǸĿռݣȻô˸ߺ塣
ߺ壬Ȼʧڿռ֮Уͷ·ͻȻʧһ֮оǴûзһУͬԭǰƽ

½һƬ½ͣѾߺڵ½ˣֻǣûдﵽаʵĳ̶ȣΪˣֻв졣
Ƭ½ͱͳһˣͳƬģһߣֽں
ͳƬ½Ѿ֮ˣûзʲô飬Ҳûзʲôҡ
ĵ۹ھͱ۹½ֻкߣû˸ںʲôСĴڡ
գںͻƲһʱ䣬Ҳ۹֮һʱ䡣
ͬ죬½طϯеķãǻʼҳ
۹Ļʼ˵ֻǾţһëЩҪ½ʱôܲöأ
ﵹǽ̻ԻͰҸпǧôһȣС׼ˣ
۹Ļʹ֮Уǰظ裬ں棬ߵĵطŵڶĲߡ
֮УмŵģһѮ˵ģӣķǳΰۣԱ߼˽̸
ҺĻ۹ǰҹĻӦЩ£Ҳ۹ΨһȨˡںЦ
СΪұľ֤֮λ۽磡ں˰֣Ц
еĲ߶΢ЦûʲôԵҪ֪۹Ĳߣɲֹںһˡ
½֮Уǿǻ֮£һܵܣɽһҲǲľ硣
Ȼ۷壬ҲûںܹΪģһࡣ
磬ߺԭȵ½أܹΪʵ½֮Уܹǰʮ
ʮҵĲ棬ʮ۹ˣȷӴ
ں˵֮Ա߳һСͯǸСͯԼʮ䣬ǣΪȴǲǺԼлصľ硣
λǰǺã۹ҽ࣬Ϊұһ£۹ָѧ
˵ţɢͿʼһĲ󣬿ʼ͸״
Щ߶ûʹʶ鿴էһûӰӡ
ûеȵЩʹԼʶʱǰĿռȻһƵڲһǴûпĲ
ӻȻֿܹռ䲨۹ǲǷʲôĺù˰Щ˶ڸп˵
ں˫һҡҡͷԲǣСӵĹҿֻǼߵĹѣǱһʶ鿴Σ
ɲ˭ģ
˵۾ֱ㶵ĶǸطһתת
Ȼһɫ·˧ӣǵǰǸӣƣ˫۾
ʲôطǰ滹м֣ţԱ߻иˣȻֵǸߺװǸʧ֮󣬺Ȼ֮ͳȫ˽⡣
ܿǰЩ˵ΪߺȻΪǱûԼĸоڡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰߺΪͨ쳹أʹǸоҲǷǳǿġ
˭ںȻڸߺǰϣֻʣһӰ
ߺ˫һŶԷ֣ץסԼӣȴκεķӦ
Ϊڵĸߺʹ۾ˣٶϣǸϡ
ţûκεΪôģں˫һУոոӦһ¸ߺΪӦķǳ
ڸߺ֮УûκζĴڣ֮пյģûһ˿
Ҫ֪Щû֮ˣ֮УѨĵطǶģ޷̫˳
ںȻûзָߺúڰ׶ʥסԪ£ҲǺڰ׶ʥ𵽵á
ߺ֣ԷõԣȻԼõĲֻ࣬Թ϶ѡ
ֻһɽҰ򣬳ʱɽסˣǣû뵽Ȼ֮䣬һǿҵķ籩ҾĪĵˣ
ߺòϤĹ˵ϾƬǺ˽⣬ɣȷˣһʹ˽Ƭ½ԷҲʲôġ
ţ嵹ǲ۹ŰɣľһΪһǿߣں˵ͷԸߺ˺ܴȤ
Ǿ֮ûκεĶһеĻǾһǧʱ۹ֶһ֡


685 
ߺ֮мٵתǿߣǸʲôõģܹɽﾭܹԱ𣿡
úúãҪǼ۹һĺģںЦеҲ˺ܶࡣ
ոЩɣոնڸߺлǼΪɵġ
һɽҰç򣬻ΪһǿߣԼĳʳǾˡ
ߺ˵ͷֵݺһɽҰçĽɫã˹ܰԣʹˣܸܲŪһԵģˣ
仰ߺû˵ٻ˵滰
Ҫ֪ڵûΪ׾ͶټϣȻӡˣǣҪҲǷǳġ
ڸߺܹİ취ΨһҲǳԷˣ˵Էܹܸߺķԣڸߺһİ취
ֻǿߺһ취⿪ԷĽָԼΪӳһƬ֮С
ƬС磬ߺȻûн֮뷨ˣΨһĿ꣬ô½·֮С
Ǹطνĵ磬ɺƾΣֻܵõõķչ
ߺԼڵƬ磬ʶﲻΪˮۣˡ
úúãĶˣĳԣֻҪȥȥͿˣںЦǳ
ߺ˵ͷָЩŵĵطʵôߵĵطҪôȥȻ˵кóԵģǣҾϲȥȥܴܲȥôоĺܺóأ
ĶԲڵܹԵùߵģǳȥǲƷȥĶҩںЦ˵
ߺҲףԷǽԼͨ˿ˣЩҩͨ˳֮󣬻ͬں˵֮ܽըˡ
֪ߺͬͨˣԵǸߺҪġ
δݾߣߺǾȲҪЩԺ󣬵ȵԼչֳԼɽһǵʱҪ١
ⳡϯϣߺǴسԣһһӣһְȣԵͣȫڱ˵ǰڹһԻİ׳ӡ
ڴӣôǸҺԼλԱߵں˵
ں˵ͷܣͬĵˣңʮֵ崿ǣҪװģɾĴˣ˵ĻֽסֻҪôˣǾܻһ죬ᱩ¶ţԶҲӳҵģ
ںԼʵĵģҪ֪½ϳ۳꣬δԹһܡ
ô뵽һᱻһ֪˳ԽأһС䡣
ⳡ֮󣬸ߺҲںȥˣںûֱӽ̵ߺøߺͼε
øߺѧɲţϾһҲõκˣǣںʱʱĹעһ¸ߺ
̽ߺΪǣʲôû̽ںЩʧˣһôľ͵òʧˡ
Ȼ۹ḻ۹һأǾǴˡ

ұ취ԼΪָһˣ⼸죬ߺûиɱģǽ̽һ¡
֪۹ĵϸ֮󣬸ߺоˣ֪ԼһԼʵָ߶죬ͿԺ½
ͻƵ֮󣬸ߺȫգ½·صǸط
ڸߺΨһģҲҪˡ
ǰ쿪ʼںһߺߺΪû˿⼸ĻʳԼ˲٣֮Ǳǰ˺ܶࡣ
ߺ֮иһ˿ߺԼ֮һ˿˿Ľ
Ϳһˡ
ߺԼ֮Уһ˿˿ʼӰԼ֮еĺڰɫͬ˿һ㣬
Ǻڰ֮УߺܹĸӦȻһرϤǹԼǻȪ亮ͬͬԴġ
ߺǷǳļ򵥣ڸߺ˵ЩͬƷһ
ǣǿҵĲƷ̫ˣǺܺãк
ԣߺֻһ˿˿ĳȡպϾʥֱ̫ǿˣֻôһ˿ͱȸߺһʵҪǿ
Щϸ˿ĺ֮࣬ߺһصģҲˡ
һ˿֮󣬸ߺʵ˴ȵһԪ¶˳
ߺΪ˱ݾߣȽϵĺˡ
ϾһǻûӵԪδе̫š
ӲΣǽ֮£ߺǷǳ׵ġ
ߺԼͷųǲԪصĺúõģδⱻǸϼһ﷢ˣȻߺԪ̶ȣں֪ǿ١
ԭأߺһոյǸɫĺ֣ĺ溬޾
ߺԼԪǲĺ֮ϣ֣ں̽ʥĴڡ
ǸߺģҲǸߺΨһϣˡ
ɫĺôȺɫˣߺ˫һУмٵ˼
գߺûģʼԼ֮еĺˡ
ɫǺɫĺߺǲһͷԼǲ⵽Χˡ
Ǻ߹һߺǲֺѸٵĽߺΧס
ߺòԪѸٵĿǲֵĺɫĺߺԪ뵽ǲֺ֮УʼǲֺԼ
ԴӸߺ۷֮ڸߺԪ֮УҲӵһ֮ˣԣڸߺʵһ˿˿
ߺֻһֵԪ׵ĻκһǺӾǿߡ
ߺڽǲֺɫĺתԼԪ֮󣬸ߺԪԵңԪԽԽǿ
ǺڰɫĺٶȣҲ˺ܶࡣ
ңߺЩĺûĿĵĽյģԼϵĺ
ֻһֵĺԼһ֣й
ֻ֮бסԼȻߺǲߣϻӵвߵġ
ԼĵϸԷһ֪ķǳ
Ǹˣ֪ԣûһԸʱһŮȻ֣ǽݰߺԿ϶пһλȨصˡ
ң˼صԼġ
ôǺηˣҸĳʲô𣿡ߺ󷽵ĳԼ֣֮УûԼĵأԣҲ˵ǻ
ңôʱĿ飬Լչ¶һ֪ʶȻ֮˵ôĻˣҲ֮١


686 ӵŮϵ
Ǹ߳õǲˣҲûʲô˲ģߺƿ֮󣬻û̧ͷôһ仰
ߺ̧ͷȥֻǸŮĳõҲǱ߻ǽݵı飬
㵽˭ߺģĿŶԷ˵Ӹо֮УߺܹĸоԷŲߡ
ңߺı鱾ҲˣֱҲȻ
ǣֱڶԷ͵ǳ裬Ҫ֪Сûܵء
СӸͦˣΪģܹκˣҪ֪ҿ谮ıŮƾ㣬һ仰ܳ׽ٵ
ߺһŶ˵Ŀģʲôô
ߣʲôôŰµŮܣǸŮϸһ£˵
ߺǿʼ΢΢𣺡ǣҪأ
룬ҵУҲֻһѣ֮⣬ûκߣҲֻһƿѣǸŮ˫һɣŭ
ߺ˵ͷ´һŮӣ룬ӦòʲôŮ˰ɣңܶˣΪ֪ܺͬͬĵ˭أ
仰ߺ˵ķǳĴˣǣ˵ĵҲʵԷϵĴ֮©һˡ
ңԷ֮ϣߺĸоӵкǿǲڶԷ
ǳǿǿ󵽣ڵĸߺоһ˿ľ
ǲľ磬ϵˣһвˣһǾϵģȻᵽڻܹԷΪܲȶһЩԵʰɣ
ߺмٵ˼ţȴԽԽá
ܹʱ佫ǿŮΪϵĲ߻ûж٣ο˲ֵ¡
ô˵Ů˹ϵһܵǳصĽƣ˵ӰĹϵ
ҲֻűȽϺһ㡣
˭ǣ죬۹һʮأ˻ضкܶǵĵϵӵܣ˼ңڲǱ濴ȥôķƽأ
ߺǿʼԽԽˣҪǸоŮõļֵܹһЩҲǷǳġ
ãҴӦˣߺᶨ˵һ󣬾Ҫ㣬ҶһЩϴοĸоܺóԣ
ߺϴһĨаЦ˵
ǸŮһȻֻһԻѣãҸңһ׳գҲֻеҳʸˣ
ߺЩ˿⣬ǱаЦȻǺǣҪǰóˣֹϵ㱳Ǹ֪ˣǲ̫ðɣ磬ͱһĹϵΣ
ǸŮϸһ£ҲԣǾͱصĹϵͺˣڣ뿪ͼݣɣһСϷ
Ҵ⣬ǱµĿİϣҴﶼҪȥߺ˵
ʵǲԼҪǸȥˣ׻ʲôҸɣԼ
ߣ̫үû£ҵ̫үүǾԲģǸŮ˲Ц
ߺһ£Ůĺ˵ʵڵģõȷǷ绪ףòԼļӣһȡ
ǣԸ˵ͲԶˡ
ߺĿŶԷĵ˵ͷǺãû˻ǵǺ˺ܶ࣬飬ܵʱܹһЩ
ⲢҪĵ飡ǸŮ˵
ǺãǾллˣڣǾͳˣĳƺʲôһ֪أߺ˵
ҳ޵ˣƯ˼ǸŮЦһĶźŮ˵
ߺ˵ͷòץңԼߣ
˵ţߺǰȥһ·ϣߺǽԼصʵʵģδⱻԷ֡
ϾԷͷпһǿĲ죬ǸߺԼȫͷųܹ͵һ
ڣȫǴ׸û˿Ļ֮ߺڣܹԸһǳߣԸߣڸߺʵǲ̫ԶһЩ
ߺǸŮˣعߵһڣȸߺĻʹҪ
½֮ǰ۹κһûķȻڵѩ֮ǰͬˡ
ϾǺľ½ϵĴ޽ɵġ
͸Ҫ˵ڵʥɽˣʥɽ֮ϵıڣ½ȨˣͷźĴڡ
ǣ֮󣬸ߺŷܣԭ⴦棬һûʵĵ¹
ңĹ֮Уźܶ»ʹĲϣʲôͨĲϣȻĻҲô
˴Ȼǿ󣬵ǣߺȴǲܹգΪʹߺ֮УҲԲʲôá
ΪͲ֮УΧľת䲻ĲͬʳһֱӳȥԼθ֮Լ
ߺ˽ȥ֮󣬱еһȥߺѺ棬ǸŮǲ֪ȥˣٴγֵʱһ֧ӡ
˦ߺȥߺܵķǣ뵽Լֻһ޴ˣǿԵĿסԼɶܵ
ĳԼֱ۵ֵȻߺûʲôˣǣǿҲôļ͡
һڸߺϣʲô˺۶ûɡ
Ϊһ±˺ߺӲŤԼѪԼϣһٵı޺ۡ
ңߺҪװʹధһ㣬ߺһΪѣֱݵ飬ߺװʵЩΪѡ
ʱȴһҵСŶң
ϸģߺ֮岻һ㼦Ƥ
Щȴûз֣ɫӵĿ棬룬ǿˣ⣡
ͬһ磬֮ǰŰ衣
һӰ˲ڸߺǰһѽ˱ڻУԷȥ
СϹףһ˵Ҳ˸ߺǣûнߺһ£ֻһЦ֮
øߺǿһȡ
˱ģ˫ͨ죬ΣѾѹƲסԼʱ򣬶Էֹͣ
ǲڸߺǰһҵĶƬ֮ϣһۣ۳һεӡ
Ǹϼһ˵ЩˣĻλѾͷˣŸߺǸ˵ߺˣ˶ˡ


687 ֻһ
ǰˣߺȻ˵ʮֵϤҲͼ֮ϿģںĵܵܣҲνࡣ
û뵽ϼһҲ̫ˣȻԼĺ˹ϵֱߺӰ𾪵뵽
ܶĿԣں²ˣûϲ²⡣
Ϊȣû뵽ȽԼĺˣϵҲ̫һɣ
ֲãⳡҪ˱أߺнϼһֱǺɫͣԼŮϣһʲôûɫˡ
ңո˵ǱںôƽһЩìܣںλôһҰĵĴڰ
ţõ˧ɣͬˣǣҵģ㲻׼˵仰ʱ򣬶Է˵ʮֵ档
ңɱ¶ȻߺвǺܺ£ǻһзǳµı顣
ǣСһμǣԲᶯλ߻Ĵһ£ߺģϲõЦ
˵ͷãôˣҲ޶˵ģǣ㣬ҪҪҰһСûˣ
ߺһöԷˣԺӿɾûˡ
˫һУȴûöԷǵͷߺڵһηһ˿ɱ⣬
۷壬䵽ߺȷǸоᣬһΪĸо֮ǰһĸоһ㶼һˡ
Ǵ׸򰡣û뵽һĲ͸ҲȵҵǻòͷˣгһգһָΪʱ򣡡ߺ˫һ뵽
ھ͵һǳ̲ŭֻʱıסѣһ󺣣ǽŭˣĩա
ǣڸߺˣæҡͷǰǲҪˣĻῴλС̫ãҪǴλСɷһ̫ܹ࣬Щ̫ðɣ
룬˵ͷүүϹҸо˵ĵмֵ
үүţ˫һɣϸĿˡ
ã˵мֵɣҪҵıô˵ٻûãˣŰɣոҵı˵ҪһЩЩ͸ˣ
˵ţһͳڸߺǰˣߺ˫һЩԼôʱԼȥת
ʱ򣬸ߺͿЩĽԼ֮еĺסԼԪĺȫˡ
ߺЩţԼڰ׶ʥȫ֮ɳߵĽ׶ΣҲδ֪ġ
ֻһеһУõȸߺԼڰ׶ʥ֮ᡣ
Щ֮Լĺ׵ʧڸߺǰӦǽ뷿䣬һĵĻˡ
һΣһ¹ȥˣߺÿ춼ǹӣŰȻԼЩУ󣬾˴ߡ

ոһգվǸߺһµʱ䣬ڸߺԼ֮еĺڰɫѾյĲˡ
ֻʣĳɵĺûϣŸߺպԽԽ࣬ΪҲԽԽǿߺоԼ꣬ĳֱ仯
ָоʮֵ·ԲٿһЩںԵĶǺԵ
ֻҪԷûгߺĳܷΧ֮⣬ߺ;ԿԿһ㣬ǣָоʮֵı
ֻǽɵķӡߺܹоԼѾﵽ˲ľˡ
ߺûżǵĵţ죬۹ʼҵһҪӡ
۹үԼ谮Ůӡ
еʹΪףŮܹ۹½Ƕôǿ
򵥵һ󣬾ܹȫΪôһֻгСף֪֮
үʱ쵽ˣȥ棬Ů˽ߺ棬ﶼѾõĲˣȻҲָ˺ܶˡ
ߺǣ¶һ˿аЦðõʱˣҲԼյίȫˣҵҪ뿴ڵң˭ܹ
˵գߺվովʱ򣬸ߺӰ˲ʧӰˣǳſڵλã˫ֽŴ򿪡
棬ĸƯŮӣһ̣źɫͺɵڣɫ˿ɵѥӡ
ߺ˵ͷͼλˣ
źү°ɣһŮ˵ţӯӯһݣҪ
ߺ˰֣һʲôзϣԼɣͲͼݸλˣ
˵ţߺ˳ֽŹˣӰһͽ·ϣֻĸŮߴߴ˵Щʲô
һǹͷС㶼˵ˣĸû뵽ڣһָͷûжǣྴ
أϹ˫˧ˣô˧һ˧磬ȻŮˣ
ôѾͷ˼˰
ǰϧԷûʵƬ磬͵һÿĻƿҪǼ޸Ժ׼ûʲô֤˵ͱʵǿأ
ߺûЩӲϲŮˣǿЦ֪ѾŮ˵ʱ򣬲֪ô룡
û⼸˵ģߺ˳ȥ˵ڿԿʼˣ
ߺĵһۣĸŮߺ˧ˣϸߺı飬Ůһӵʱ䣬ֱߺٴγѣǲŷӦ
˵Ǹ˰ɣߺ˵˵֮󣬾ȻͬǰмӣǾֱǰȥ
ôо˺ܶأо֮ǰӵˣӵ˧ӵĿˣǲҵĴ
ĴҲָоأÿһôĴݵţ

ߺû⼸˴·Լ;ֱʹ֮ȥȻԼԼŮܱܣǣֽԶǱסġ
飬ںЩţҲһоǣϾֻǲ죬Ӧ͸ߺʮǧ
ԣ黹δ֪ȻֿܣΪԼܵʾã԰ҲǷǳ¡ء
ֻ֪ǣ¡صĳ棬ȴǶĵһ
ϵڴϣһ̫ǺߺһȻˡ
ĸͷסԸߺۿȥֻܿԷģȴԷס
ʵۣںڴ֮š
ߺ޵Ավ̧ͷϿȥǰɣãʽɣ
ߺˣһԾ׷ײĿŸߺ


688 ֻ񣨶
㵽ʲô˼λŵĻոɫʮֵĲãȻԼѡûеõһ֣ǣܹԼĶʾãҲһѡ
û뵽ߺȻ֮ôһ仰㵲ѣ֪ߺǲǷˡ
ߺǵ¶ԼǸеЦݣʲô˼汿ɵȻʲô˼
ūţȻҸүүô˵ǲˣ˺ȻԼĸͷÿһһӳУŸߺ˳ȥ
һӰ˺ѿռ˲˸ߺǰ˳ߺȥ
ߺ΢΢һЦܶûжܣֻſԼͣ³֣⡭
˻һԷı˲ڰͣˣѾһ㺮ͬ˵ֱҲһ㺮޷
صĹģȻһ仰Ϳסһߣߺʵںô֪ܲԼߺƭˡ
ںɫࣺ㵽˭Ϊʲô
ߺ̾һ˭أһֵ˼⣬ҽһ£ҵֽиߺ
쵰˵ˣ˫ðػ棬ڵоԼһСһ㣬ߺˣ˺ܶ죬ȻߺʵΪ֪
ߺһ˲浹ɳȥλϣһɺλá
ָںŵĵطߺ˵λãڸֵˣ
ôĵӣϱĻλںɫ࣬еԼܵ裬еʼۡ
ûڵ֪ڵĸߺʲôʵ
Ȼոոߺһ仰ͽԷˣǸߺûнԼȫʵֳңҪǣողûʲô˵һ˿ûС
Ӻ߳ʱ򣬻ģԿߺһǺܴģ٣˺ߵʸûС
ǵȻˣߺոǾ仰ֻͨͨһ¶ѣֻڸߺÿһ仰ԡ
ⳡΪ׼𣿻ǷأߺûЩЩȻǲ߾ģǶڸߺûʲôвĳ̶ȡ
ߺơ
ߺлʮֵķĵģֻǵĴ̻Թ⣬ȴޱȺ޵ĴЩп
ǿϧˣ㾡ľΪֵ׼һУȴûʲôãߺڽԼĴ󲿷ΪȫˣԶԷͿߺʲôΪ
ֻΪߺֻһ߶ѡ
Щ඼ںǰһ£ܵá
еıУȲľߺ֮ϴȥһ˲䣬·ҡҡ׹ǣڶߵ֮£Ȼûһ˿ˣߺ⹬ƲģһȤ
һЩ׷׵Ĵ̵˸ߺϣ뵽ߺһ֮
ǣߺɫûһ˿˿ı仯ԭһ㣬
Щͬó涣ҧһ˺˵û˿ãߺһ֮е
һѸٵ˳ЩУе˶ȥٶȿĳ̶ȣЩ˶ûзӦͱ׵ıˡ
ߺһŤЩѾϵϽױͳ׵Ķˣߺر֮߹Щ׷׻⿪ˣǣıȴʲôû¡
ûѪûйͷ·Ƥû£ߺĵ˵ͷȪԪأڽǸ˭ϳأ
ߺȻתԼ壬࣬ôţǣ߲ͣĶ֮УӽԼĽŲһ
Ҫȥɣ˫ۿʼǺ죬ܹŵߺߺȻԼļƻ֮УһԼܹڲٿ档
ʵδϵ඼ģңδ·ϸˣġ
ң滹Χźܶ಻ߣҪĿģǽԼĸں
ŻʱͿԵ۹ˣΪ۹ڶʵۡ
ߺĳ֣һмƻˣ˵ôܹ
ߣҰģֻˣˣֶζѣھǰԶǷ˵ﶼ磬ֱ
Щ죬Ȼߺǣ˵뷨˽һˡ
ԼŮѾ㲻ˣҪӹܺ󹬵һŮˡ
ԼһȽƯģںãֻҪÿģҪܣֱһͷԵļһ
ǲף㵽ô̶ֳȵģ뷨ߺΪݣֱ
ôˣ㾹ңҪƴһ˫һȻеֱԼߺѾ֪ԼеһС
ĴǲϵģΪ̫е㺧ΪˣҪ֪ΪҲ۷ˣ˸޷̽Լĵ뷨
ߺո˵һУԼе뷨һ޶ЩɣǲԼ˯ʱ˵λ˵ˡ
ҺСӲ֪ʵݣȻĻڽˣںϼһҵסһȵǶƣʱ򡭡
Ȼ֮䣬ֹͣס˵ˣмٵ뵽˸ߺʵӸߺոʵԲ
磬ҿСר۹ԣֺͨСӣȻǱ۹Ŀģʸ
գתں˵Ƿŭ
ãܣֵͬģжôǿһǵУں˵꣬ȳߺҲǳ׵ˣû뵽ϻô׳յ
ⲻףͿôϻʵ۵ģǲֻԼʵأ
еӸں˵ţһʧڴ֮ڣתڲ֮С
ԷҲǺսˡ
ߺĵ˵ͷΪͲúϵκˣôẦһأ
ߺովȣһɽ˺ѵͳڸߺǰߺ
ҵǰκζҪ⣡ߺֻ˵ôһ仰Է˲ͱˡ
ںսǺо飬ڿһתȾߺɨ
һߺĺ飬ȥƲģߺȥ
֮ߺһһεĺ˲Ͳס˶Է֮
ҵĺһɣߺ˵Է˲ƵЩʱ򣬸ߺӰת˳
ָһһָԷ֮зȥԷӦһָ֣ؿ˲͸һ㺮о඼ˣ˼άӦˡ


689 ɣ
ںһסˣû뵽ߺȻǿֵزƾһָͿԽԼסڶԷǰԼһСһһ˿֮ûС
Ӱæת֮е׵ıĲ·𶼿Ҫѿˣǣţ߷ȥ
ߺûʲô飬ôĿŶԷԼǰˣԸߺԷڵˣûʲô
ӰںǰԷܵߺûᣬЩԸߺûһ˿˺
ߺӴ֮߹ںǰû˵ֱӶںĶӣһȭ
ۡ
ں嵹ɳȥѪӿ³һѪɵĺ
ߺٴֱںı˫һ죬ͽ֮סôڻʲô˵ǲǻҪȥأ
ߺĻںǿɬЦݣҲң֪ôټȥأҲ֪ǣ㵽˭ЩΪʲôһֱû˵أ
˭ߺ̧ͷȥɫĲ񷣺ﹻˣڸȥˣ
˵ţ֮пʼͨ쳹أضˣãߺĿ겻硣
ߺ֮еҲʼٵۣȻ࿴ȥֵܣѾǰֵˣ˵ѾֵˣĳУ
ǰ˻ʲô˼ڸߺĻǺʲôԼֵܣѾԼֵˣ
ߺĻ󣬶ңһЩסˣУûκĲ¶ȥ
Ǿģ˳ǣɫһ䣬ȻŸߺ
ߺ㲻ҪѪˣ࣬ǺˣҿԻڣߺ޵Ĵ磬ֵɱ
˵꣬Ӱһ˸ߺĶ档
˵ոںߺභôľǾĽߺɱʲô˴Ӹߺﴫȥ
ƾʵôɱߺأ
ߺ˫һӰһĶ棺ܹ֮ɱãܹöֵΣԣ
˵ţߺֿ쵽˼£־˲ץסԷ沿ӿ˲ͱ鲼˶Էס
ܽ⣡ߺ˵ǣûеȸߺ˵仰Էֳƣߺ廮ȥǸߺÿ죬һ¿¾䵽˸ߺˡ
ЦһǰһСˣΪҲˣû뵽ǿֵزȻĻǾҪˣ
ߺʮֵϤħҲ˵ԷħٰģǸߺողŷֵġ
ǰһ֪Լ֮ʵԣɢϢǼٵģǣոԼںսʱȴӶԷ֮зһ˿ħ
˿ħҲһţߺڵΪǰʵľ磬ԷǸħϢңʵ̶Ҳǰʡ
ԸߺȻôöûз֣ԼʵͱԷ֪һˡ
Щ΢࣬ħ¹򣡡࣬˵Ц˵
ߺޱ飬ĿżĴЦ˵֪ʲôôģ΢࣬ħͺǿ𣿡
ħ壬ǧǱǿĴڣںսһֵʵû뵽û뵽һôķ
ںɫࣺҷǿЦ㣬ҵֵأ
ԼֵܣںǱȽϹĵģǿԼͬͬĸֵܰ۹֮УԼϵ׵Ĵڡ
Ŷ˵Ǹܵܰͱˣ˵ڼһôòС椣ܰ˵ţҵ˫ۿһˡ
˶ɵˣɫ԰׵ĿŰУǳªħ壬ֵİûںͶġ
û뵽ԼһֱͬģֶĵĶ
ȻһЩҲٷ磬ǳǣǰªħ޷ϵһ
ѪڣֵܹȥϺɫ˫ۣͷϾȻһ֪ʲôϣȻһ۾
ұԹԵ̨أƫƫԸ⣬ǾͲҪˣȻ֪ħ壬ô½ûһ˿Ի뿪⣡Ц㣬ԣһúõĴģ֮ǰ
仰Ƕ˵ģ˸оԼǳ࣬ǳȥϴһΣ˯һ֮ϣֻһجζѡ
ǣͬʵʵ۹ⲻΣʵڵġ
ģģһΣΣҪؼңҪȥ૵˵˽ӽˡ
ŵħ壬ȻеǼƵҰǲ񰡣ʱغȻѿˡ
ôͻأѿˣûһ˿ס
һֻ֣⣬֮УԳһֻţŰеļ˹
֮·ĩյĳˮɽѣǾֿ׵ڱء
˶ȺɨԽƬ½ϵһж
ߺ˫һİֻһֻۡ
½ϵ֮۾ֻοԷʣµֻʣһֺֻһȡ
̶Ǳ½ϣǶ˺ܶ⣬̶ֵϣȴԶԶȲ½ϴֻ۾
۾ڸϣߺûܹӮһŸƸɽĸо
һֻȣһֻ֣ȻƬصܣȴøߺоԼܹﵽ۷壬һܹʤԷ
ԷҲпܵġ
Ƭصˡ֮ߺ˵֮ûһ˿Ĵ
С˭ȻΥңҿǻĲͷˣڸߺ̬ȣԷȻЩߣ˵
ߺ֮󣬹ЦֻѾˣµֻһ˿ִѣȻҲҵǰ񡣡
㣡ô֪ģ֮еϢǴ½֮еϢ㵽˭
ߺһƣԷ̿ʼˣһһȾȻͣסˡ
ǱӲ뱿˵˵ţߺѸٵǸħ֮ǰħҪûӵ
ߺȻķˣ֮һֿʼڿ֮У˲Ϣ
ԸСħĸоûˣֱӻɻҽɣ˵ţߺһ̾ѸٵĽ֮Χ
ʼϵתֻת˲ȦǸɢ棬һɻˡ
ߺȴþòƽ½½Ƿţ༰ĵطΪʲôôƣ
ǳ򣬾ħͷҲرơ
ף⿴ǹأǣڱһС


690 
ڸߺиоһֹɵĿԺСΪǷţ༰ĴڣôһĹء
Ǿ֤пôһ棬־ˣܹȫȫ²л꣬޸Ƭලãʵ˿ġ
˭أߺ΢˼һ£㲻ڿⷽˣϾΪȥһ棬ΪЩ̫ˡ
Ǹħ֮󣬸ߺһֱǸĲлţߺĬȻԷûУֻɢ
ڿвͣתţɢĿµԷЩľ
ߵ˭Ϊʲôôǿأ̵Ϣͨ·ͷ̵ϢֻϢѣ
ںͶԷ϶ӵĹ֮УԷϵĽ˼ջǵսʤԼϾȻǿ󣬵Ҳһֽϻѡ
ðɣξȷŹ㣬㲢磬ԣ֮Уʱ䣬ܳһ£ȻĻҾͻ㾡ܣ㣡
ڸߺԷҲֻܹЩݻ㬶ȥ
ߺһҾͶлһµʱˣߺòͣ
˵ţߺӰҲһʧӰ٣·ûгֹֻ˭ǣһ˧꣬۹˵֮е֮ôûа취
ˣǸߺ
ߺ۹֮󣬾һƫƧڣľָԼΪԼϵĽ
ΪѾָ߳ˣڻָ˺ܶ࣬ÿߺһӡʱ½Ŀռ䶼һ¡
˿һĽӡߺҲԽԽǿ⼸֮ڣ½֮ڣ׷˴ѩ
ѩ׷ɵĳڶʱǺģǣƫǿ
ѩһ£ܶ಻ʺѸٵĿήˣ½һ⣬ȫѩסˡ
һµʱ򣬸ߺߵѩɽ֮ϣ˫ۿʼ˫֮бȥ
Ƭ̱һƬ죬ߺâסˣߺһŤ˲֮ϡ
оƬ֮ԼΪһ㣬ߺԸӦƬ֮ԼΪУӦսԼ
ߺûнƬػٵ˼ƬĺȥֻһȥƬ˲ͱˡ
һƬǿ¶ˣ죬û죬ֻһ죬һ㿴½ȷǱ½ǿܶࡣ
ߺոյ棬Ƭ˲ָԭ״ߺһ£Լȥ֮ȥĻ˺ܶ࣬Լȫûа취ǲƵ
ߺʱ򣬻ûʲôԿԼ֮кڰ׶ʥȷкܶ಻˼á
ߺһ͸оԼ壬ʼ޵ĹĶ·ҪԼű
˲û뵽Լô쵽˲ͻƵ߾ĵزˡ
ߺ˫£֮ɢܵݲȥЩݶһЩ磬ûô
ԸߺΪУԲǧʼиߺ֮ϵĺˡ
ЩĲߺϵĲһ޶ڿռ֮ţŸߺƵʣһɢȥ
Ƿŵ½½֮УȻὫ֮ɷ棬ҿܶһƬƬ硣
Ƿǳǿķ֣ЩǸߺĻʼҲԲֵܺģ˵ֻͻƵĹؼʱأ
ˡ
ߺӰʼһȦȦɢȥڸߺĻ꺣֮Уһչ
ͻ۷꣬һ֪ľ磬һƬ磬з·ԼһƬ
ôڿһȦȦͷźȴǸߺ󣬸ߺǺȻ˺ܶ౶ƬǿնС
ߺ˫ȻǲӰҲȻ۾·һ˫˫һ㣬ɢǿĺ
оԼ֮еԪ·ȼˣܹͷų֮ǰԪǿʮ
Լ꣬ǳ׵ı˺ڰƬѩڿвͣתɢһƬ
ǺĻʣκκҪҵ֧䣬˵ظñ⣡ߺ֮кȻǿ
Щ֮УðźǱĵطһ硣
Ǵݣ׷ױˣôһߺڣߺûбϡ
Щ磬ǵȼȽϸߵ磬治ߣҲƬǿҲĻҪǷǳѡ
µĺҪΪãҾǺ֮еĻʣΨһġʣߺ˫۵֮ͫУӳƬѩ״·ߺ۾֮Ƭѩ
ߺӰһͷϣɢһЩѩЩѩʵʵʱ򣬾̻ɺǸȫı
棬ÿһƬѩܹһʡ
ǻߵʵôߺԼ۾˫֮һ󺮹ǣκ·֮ǰ̫һˡ
֮ǰĺ⣬ǴžԵı⣬޾ĺ䣬âȴˡ
Щâ֮УžԵͳΣںԵͳκαĺ֮£Ҫ
ããȻ˳Ĵгˣʱ򣬿ռ֮һŤһӰȻӸߺǰ֡
ԷĺҲӰӣӰӣߺǷǳϤ
ڰ׶ʥߺ˵
ǣǸ߱ĺڰ׶ʥȴʲô˵ֻǾĿǰǸߣߺ
ߺܿԷǿڰ׶ʥɵĴڣٶʥߡ
֪ǰ˭ߺǸ˹һ񣬵˵
Ǹߣһͷɫͷɫ·Ƶġ
֮ͫҲǻǵĻɫߺ滳ɣԷǲҲǻƵģĻԷһǺûˢ
ǻȪ棬ŻȪͼĴʼ֮һеĻȪҵĹϽΧ
ǸߴһЦͰ˵ߺȴǲôţȪ棬ӦбɣôȥһҿȻĻҲŲأ
ڸߺҪЦˣո˱棬㽫ԼһȪ棬Լ
죿ߣ뾭ѵ֮ˣʦΣȻҪͼɱ㣬ǹˣ
ߺ⣬еˣ٣еһˣȪ棬棬ӱͷ
֪ǰΪʲôѲҲǿ飿ߺʵѾʼˣһԷͻȻϮԼӦӲϾٴαˡ


691 Ȫ
СѣķĿĺܸߣҵǰûзʸ񣡡ȪЦţҪ֪ڵҵĻȪ磡
ߺһӴˣ˿ԷڿͬɳĮһ磬ɫˮ֮Уһ߾߾޴ĺǣڲϵŤԼ塣
Ǹ֧֧øߺëȻ𾪵ĿŶԷĻȪ棺ѳɣʲôƨȪ棿
Ȫȷĵ˵ͷûǸƨȪ棬ǻȪ
ģȪ·аɣߺһȤæʵ
ȪҡҡͷȪ·Ȫ֮е··ڻȪ֮ϣһһڻȪ·棬Ǳ֮죡
˻ȪĽ͸ߺףԭȪһһǷǳ
˵ڰ׶ʥˣȪ涼ǿܹɹȥҪ˵Ȫ䣬һ磬ôֻ漶ռأ
ԣǶͬߺһ㣬֮˻Ȫ֮Դ֮еһֱԴ֮
Ҫ˵Ȫ䣬ڵҲȷͬߺ룬ֻ磬˹硣
ֻ֮УҪǿܶࡣ
Ҳ˵沢ʺߣĲ˵ҲҪҪӳԼǿ
Ȫ磬Ǵеļ֮зֻģż֮еȴûмա
֮УŵС磬ҲǼ֮е磬ڼϽġ

ߺһţһȻӣŶô˵Ҳ˼˵Ȫ䣬ֻǴӼıɽһǣ͵Ǹͨһ·
Ȫ˵ͷǵ֮ɢĻȪͼϳɵĺҲļܹ˳ܵģȻ˳ǵĻȪͼȥǸڣʱȻʹ͵طˣ
ߺ˰֣ˣؽ͵ô鷳ֱ˵ǵĴɣǵҪʲô
ȪٺһЦո˵ĺˣȪ캮ںļܹռĺȻܹ뼫󣬳Ϊһˡ
£ܹżģֹһɣͱ棬Ϊͨ죬Ҳһܹհɣ˱ĵһοӺߺʼνѾǺˡ
ȪҡҡͷܹеĺǣҲֻܹкһֶѣҲӵеĻȪĽҲһֻܹеı캮ȻЩһֱоôеĺǣȴûʲôɹ
ߺ˫һתӣҪӺҰɣϸһӣ˾Ųʮǿһǲҵ׸˭أ
ߺԼвϵ˼뵽ˣԼ˼ҵĵϣȻԵĻҲھͷԣʱŭٵԼǻ֮飬ôǾԲôçײ
֮󣬸ߺɫ䵭ŻȪ˵ãҴӦ㣬ڵֻǻ߾磬Ǹոͻơûȫأܲҹһ°
ȪЦȻȻ㹮ΪģȪˮĻȪ֪Ȫʲô𣿡
ߺҡҡͷʾԼ֪
Ȫ˫֮кĽ񣺡Ȫһ۷磬˲ɵģŵ֮УѾܳʱˣĿռ֮һֻҪܹУܹΪõܺõḶ́ĿռΪҲкܴ˵ܹռ
ռ壬ǷǳµĴڣǲص̽飬һ㶼Ǻ׾ͷֵģǺ͸ߺһӵһ˫͸ӵۣ֮ԲĴڡ
ȻԶԷǲôΣߺѾûʲôѡˡ
ȥߺоܴĿռ֮Լ߿ʼϵӿͬһƬƬӣԼͬһһ
ǿռ֮ϵڸߺиţÿиһ£ߺоԼ֮еĪһ֡
ߺոս뵽߾磬˵Ļ߶أֻǾϵ˶ѣʲôɱ䣬֮ѱ䡣
ѱ䣬ڻ߾ĸʲôûأЩռ֮ȻôһֵĽߺˡ
ߺоԼʼζȥζǳ䣬ڸߺֻŷˣû˼ġ
֮ϣڰ׶ʥڻȪߣ棬˵Ȫ֮УֻмȥĻûκһܹȥأǲе̫
ҵ˺üˣѾʼ쵽ͷˣٲҵһˣ򿪼ҾĺͱһѰͶˣΪңҲΪԼһͶôͻ˵У綼ͳһû˵ļ飬ֻܹΪĵūȡߣֱǳˣ
ڰ׶ʥβ֪ԼʦżΪżһеϣڸߺˡ
漶ֻǧ꣬ǧȥ֮󣬾漶ԸҲ
ǣܹһƬ磬ҵһƬ֮Դ
ǣǿ籾Դܹô׾ҵģȪ˼꣬ûҵ
С籾Դ֮Ȫֻ֮ͬЩһʵܺͶ漶൱
ҲıǣܹƬ֮ҵһ漶籾Դ֮ˣɾһ
ǣֱּ̫ˣƬȪ磬ҲһȪıԴʣģһμһӡڼ֮С
ܹõȪôܹﵽһǺɱһȺ۷漶ߣһⶼûС
ԽȪռΪУսԼ֮УʱԼƬ磬Ƭ磬Ҳ
ƬƬԽǿԽǿ
ߺ忪ʼȥٶȻ죬Ҳؿռ䣬ʱ򣬸ߺĿݹһˣҲ·ǡ
Ѫͽ뵽ƬȪ֮ˣΪ˻ȪǸߺȪͬͬԴƾߺʵͱЩռ֮˷ĩˡ
ȻѾû壬ߺȴķ֣ԼʶȻûбԼڻ꺣֮УγɵƬѩҲһûɢ
ߺ֮ϣǿʹֻ࣬ʣԼĹͷߺоԼ궼ʹĩĸоӿͷ


692 
ߺ۾ûˣֻʣ»꺣֮еĴˣߺʣһƲЩռһѰѵһϵиֻʣ¹ͷĸߺ
ӣˣˣʱ򣬺ȻһڸߺĻ꺣֮УڸߺܹԼ۾ֻܹԼʶӦ
ǣߺʶͳ˸ߺ壬ͱǿռ岻ϵиϵߺоרĵʹֻϧߺ֮Уûˡ
ߺ꺣֮ɢԼ겨˭
ǸʮֵĺͰ˭˭أѾǵˣֻǵãʱǶ
֣ΪҪɱңΪҪҳΪأߺòͷųһֲмĲ
ǸߺҪ֪ˣҪ֪һ·ϣкܶҪԼҲкܶҪɱԼ
ǽôɱԼģԼøӵǿ󣬶ҪԼģ˷׵λʦֻ֣Լ޾鷳
ڲϧһеĿӺԼֻǱŲĿģӺԼҪĿ껹ΪԼá
һеĶթߺ̫ˣԣʻʱ򣬲ʶдһʡ
ԷǸӰЩп˵һܴǵϵõʲôأǰǰҵȷ˼ǣڵңѾûжȡˣǸúϻ
ߺһ£оҲǣԷĻɱôñĴڣ
Ǿǵ֮ɲ֮֮Ĵڣˣʣ꣬ûа취ȪȣڻȪ֮ϵĵ֮жǿ󣬸ߺûа취
ڸߺֻ꣬ǿ֧ţ˵Ը˼ˡ
Լ꣬ҪɢĲԼһ˿졣
ԷȴܹԼ˵Էǿɼһߡ
ðɣʱȰ˵İɣʱˣ֪ν£ָ·ߺڱֻ˶ԷĻ
ڸߺһһǲԷĴڣԼҲһռ֮ʵ̫ǿˡ
ߺ֮еһԼĻ꺣ͻᱻռ֮ȫĽ
ڸߺЩЩڻȪ֮µЩͷˣߺȷţԼĹͷһڵ´ôʱ䡣
ҲǼһ죬ͻᱻЩռ֮ƬΪԼԪûɢȥԼܱţԼЩռ壬ſȥġ
ڵĸߺ˵ɽˮˣɽˮߺҲ벻ʲô취ܹЩҵĿռ֮лȥ
ԷǲӰһĻᡣ
һĲһ£лϣˣԶˡ
ôСӣ㿼ǺʱѾˣٹһʱ䣬ͬˣҲˣǸٴ֮һ˿
ߺ˵ͷãͬ˶ӣԻӣӵֻԼģԲύκˣ
˵ţߺȻޱȵǿǧâ˷ȥ
ѾɾͻߣߣԶ۷֮ϣߺ꺣֮еʼߺĹͷ֮͸ȥ
ߺĹͷȻ䶯ʺ˿Ĳڹͷϣߺλʼӡ
ߺۿ֮УʼһʺѪܣϵۿ֮пʼһ˿˿⿪ʼѪܻܵ顣
ߺ徹ȻˣЩռ֮ʼϵߺĹͷ֮ϸŶȥΪߺ֮һ֡
һȥˣߺ徹ȻٺЩռ֮иˣǣֻǺɫ⣬ûƤ
ߺ֮еҲٵңڿռӵˡ
Щռ֮Ȼ׷׽뵽ߺĻ꺣֮У뵽ߺ꺣֮е֮ˡ
ߺʼãܵĿռȻޱȵЩռ䣬Ǻ֮ܶе
ĿռϢߺʼ֮գģռ忪ʼϵ
ģӶ׿ռ壬׿ռ壬׿ռ壬Ľ׿ռ塣
ʺ壬֧ŴԭվƾǿռԱ߾ߺЩռΪ
Щռߺ֮󣬾ʹǷŭ˳Сè䣬ߺһ֮ȫսԼ֮ˡ
ңߺǰȥһӰվڸߺǰɢ޵ĹâߺĿŶԷ
ǸոԻҵǸ˰ɣߺ˵
Ǹ׵Ӱ׺ӣͷۣһѩ׵·ĵޱȣ·һܹ
㵽ǺηȻܹԻңߺ˫һ֮еĺͷţͣԼϿʼۣԼϵһƤ˳
ȥ֮ǰӲȣ֮ǰҪ
ڸߺǿȣһȭܹ죬ֱӿգȻ˵½ϵգġ
Ŀռߺ޷𣬸˵Ǳˡ
Ҹոո˵ˣҾǰǵĴˣϧħս֮Ҿܵ˲ĥ˺û೤ʱˣ
ǸӰ·ȥߺ˲ʹˣˣܲܲȥˣÿһ˵ģһ׵Ĺȥ
ߺ֪ǧ䣬һԶˣǸߺ֪Է˵飬Ժ֪顣
ԷǸȻͰˣߺ˵֮󣬾ȻĲ˵ˣǺЦŸߺ˵ͷãǾģǼǰ
ǰǲ֪Ϊиոգ˵ģʲô취ߺ˵
ԶԷĵ׻ǲ̫ġ
СӴҸո˵ĵȷ̽ͬˣ³һˣ˵ţǸָָߺԱǳɽһöѡ
Щ꣬ҪѰŻȪ籾ԴģҲ෴ܶ࣬ǽ֮Ƕܲסҿ
ǣһҪĸ֣ӵԼڵôܹ⿿أҪߵļǿ־
ԭߺ꺣֮е֮һ׶ΣǾǡ
ȣֱͲһȼϣֻģصΪһ
һһ֮䣬һƬıʮǿ
һƬĸǻѣ̶Ļ
½зֻǸ̫ˣ򶼿ʼɢ˱ȷ֮ԸȫıƬİȫ
˵һ仰ͿԷΪĴڣߵ򣬿ԽͬһƬСĴڡ
Ҳ֮У߱ߣ޵еĴڡ


693 
ԭǷ򰡣ߺһ仰Ҳ˵ĬĬŸո˵Щ
ûдߵĸ֣ԸͲ֪֮󣬻Ϊʲôڸߺ֪ˣԼ꺣֮еǹصԭǷ
ֲûôǿأ˷ĴڣߺĲ֮壬֪ǿ˶٣˵Щ򣬾ȻøߺĹͷٴ塣
һǸߺ޷ģȻߺܴﵽѪĵزǣ׹Ƿǳѵġ
Ҫ֪ЩͷһǲҰ׵Ĺͷǣȴûһģ֪Ѷˡ
Ҳĵʱ̫ˣĻģʼνԾȣеѵʱ䡣
мÿһˣȸߺӵǿÿһ˶ȸߺֵʱҪܶ࣬ǣΪĵ顣
˵ǣҲ˵ԼԼ̰Լ
ڣӦøɵʲôߺԼԪ֮зȥǣߺոշ𲻵һξ룬Ϳʼ׹ȥ
ݺݵˤ˵ϣߺȻ㵵Ŀ棬ԵʵΪʲôΪʲôһˤЩռ֮ûа취𣿡
ٺһЦСΪȪֻпռ֮أҸ㣬治ֻЩĿռ֮Щӵ˵Щ֮Се뵽Ƭ֮УҪȥаܹﵽ漶۷壬õһ籾Դܹ֮̽Ϊ硣
ߺһ£Ҹô죿ѲΪ漶۷岻ɣ
˰֣ǾԲеģ뷨вͨģҪͻΪǾԲܵģǴǧѹ㣬ҪΪǴǧ֮ĶԿܹɹ
ߺһ£ԼȻһ磬ҪֿסǧѹǾԲô򵥵ġ
Խߺһ˲仯ɷɻңҪ˵Щ֮Уʲôǿ磬۶ɵһ͸ӵԶԿˡ
˵ǸͿԽߺֱѹĩ
Ҫ֪ڸߺֻһոճΪߵ漶м仹󾳽ء
ʮǧ࣬˵ȫܹȵġ
ô߳أߺʵܲҴɣ
ҡҡͷȻᣬǸһĻҲˣ⼫ӡ˴ԼкüˣҵͽܶѱˣԵףڲ⿪ӡһͽܣҪˣ
˵֮УɫȻʧӰ٣޾ı䣬ڶԷУһƬ޾ĺ棬ߺֻǿһۣ͸оԼĿҪˡ
Ȼ֪Էڻʣһʲô״̬ǣ⿿һߵӵģԷʵɶǱϿȥô򵥡
ȣѾͨ˻ȪĿ飬ǽ֮УܱĿ飬Ȫǿռ߼᲻ɴݵ־ģԲҪ
˵ţȻһЦҪģеķںķ򣬴һͨԺ󶼻ڵģ
ߺһ⻹򵥣
Сӣ˵Ҫôקܶ鿴ܼ򵥣ҪİеѶȵģ΢Цžôʧڿ֮С
ţߺͿţһĲᰡǰҲûѧĸû»ȥŰ
ʱǸߵٴδӰ𣺡еֻ㣬ˣҲͳΪĻˣϵģ
˵仰Ҳûг۸ߺô˵ԷԷӦġ
ȥȫһͷڹ갡ߺε˵˵ţϿȥȪʵǺһ۾ܿ档
ֻʮ׵ľ룬Ҫʮ׳ȥ뵽Ǳ֮УǾңɼˡ
ߺԼ˫ۣ꺣֮еĺʼѸٵۣһ̨׳ڸߺǰߺ嶼ʼˡ
һ̨ף˸ߺһķ棬֪˶ٱ
ҽͲˣ첻һߺʼԼ˫ۣ򲻶ϵĴӸߺ֮ͷų
ǣոͷųͱһǿѹ˲ѹסˣߺǲַ˲顣
棬ڰ׶ʥȪվ￴Ÿߺ̶õߺжߺԻ
ǣǺûзĴڣͺߺԼһ
ϧܹĻһһģȻڿһˡ
һЦһҪ֪Ĵʲô塣
漶ܹһ֮У¯ˣܹʹһ
ǣȴȫ෴ǿԽ̻һĴڣǽ̻෽磬ö෽ΨõĴڡ
ͲһȼϣȪƯ֮еΪǵʹá
һںǧսһȻԸߺСëȻòˡ
ӲҲ֤֮ǿ漶򶼱Ȳϵġ
أǰҲֻһСѡ
ֻ֮һСٶ磬һƬСϵʹǲл꣬ҲǺڰ׶ʥǵĴڡ
飬ߺвϵ߶ţʼͷԼķЩȻȵߺ飬ߺ˲뵽쾳硣
ЩȻŸߺľ棬һ޴ĺŶա
ֻŶ֮ϣ̻źܶݹǵİݣܵЩɽһĿݹǣʼϵǶ˽ȥΪ֧
ߺĺǲģټЩݹǵ֧֣һ³Ϊβɴݵˣңڸߺ޾
иߺߺȻĻŶǾԲκ˵ġ
ţߺûֹͣ򲻶ϵĴӻ꺣֮УߺпʼϵĳȥģЩȻڸߺ֮УҲ۳һ
һ꺣γɵһŶգȪߵһٵ˸ɽһľ޴󺮱֮
ߺʼ棬ϣûнݣ޾ĺߺ⺮档
棬ߺȻôȵվ棬ô˹ȥ
ڸߺ֮УҲȻγɡ
ߺʱѾ˹ڻȪǲֵţ֮ͨ·ˣǣʱֵ鷢ˡ
֮·ϣ޾ʼɢ֮·Ȼ˲䲻ˣ˸ߺǰΪ˸ߺ档
һ棬һףһڵġ
ʣȫߺ֮Уȥڸߺ꺣֮ϣҲͬĳ


694 
·棬Ȼڸոм·Ŀռ䲿֣лȪһ׵Ŀռ䣬·涼ˣֱӾͽ뵽Ĳ֡
ԭڻȪ֮һֱŵˣȻһŵĿŸߺǲϿʼ춯·
ԭΪ·ͨͨǾǼػߣͲӵġ
·ڵģͲΪͨ򼫱ΪԺļ̳׼ģͨڡ
ߺ忪ʼٵ·ϷţԱߺӴͨһߺ޷߳·ĵط
⵹ߺЩΣԼԭŵߣڿɵˣȻԼĶԼ޷ѳȥʲô
ڣߺ壬ĿˣһƬ̵ڣҵϢɢط
һƲлƮ棬һĺĿռ֮вϵߣϮߺ֮ϣߺоԼ궼Ҫˡ
βͬĿռ֮ĺרڶԸģߺоԼ壬һ˿鶼ûУԼ꣬оҪԼ֮гһ
ϮߺĻ꺣ߺ֮£Ҫɢһ
ҵķƬ磬Ƭ磬ҲԶҵһ֣ߺ˫Ŀһ࣬˵
ڸߺУʼϵͷųںЩʼϵɢܣס
ߺһҵǰȫ˰ɣ
ֻ˵ôһ䣬ЩסĺͿʼȫ˳ĩֻǸߺһ仰ѡ
ߺһЩȻȫߺȥڸߺܣɳԶԲףڴ
ûڼȥ˫һͨԼнһĺ
һƵĺڱĿռ֮ϣĺҲʼһ˿˿Ŀ϶
氼ݵӣȴǲͬȪĵܣȪӣһĿݹǣİݣһֲİݡ
ռƮԩ꿪ʼЩ֮ƮһĸλǶУһӣǲ̵ԩӦţȫɫʮֵĿֲ
ȪĺһҲһһٵ˸һ֮дţͨء
ں·֮䣬һ˿϶øߺһ㺮·档
һȫɳɹʱźȻʼ˱仯е֮ȫ˸ߺ֮Уڸߺ꺣֮䡣
ڸߺ꺣֮俪ʼϵε֮ҲǿʼϵԼ뷨֮ߡ
кеȻ͸ߺķ֮ˣߺоԼ֮У·ʲôݺݵһѡ
һֵĸо֮пʼڶ𣬲ͬԭߺ֮еĺ
ˮ֮ԴһԴͷˮֻǴѶѣĻôˮͬ壬ʹǴˮǲֱ˴˵ģôҲ
ߺпʼ͸ʼףһֻܹɱˣдڵҲǿԾ˵ġ
ʼͬһУߺϲֻӵкᣬлһ˿˿ԱϵһϢ
һߺϵϢֿʼתһ޼ʵܵںһ𣬱˸ǿ磬ϵܴϮȥܵԩ걾ǿ硣
ǣ˸ߺĺļ룬Щԩ꿪ʼܲסܵˣȻ˲Ļɢ
ߵɵһ̣·𶼿ʼ˱仯Ҳʼϵķ仯ڻȪĿռ֮ڡ
һͬѪһʺĻ䣬ʼϵɣɽҰݹ֮ϣԩ֮϶ʼϵš
ֻȴûֻŵࡣ
˵еκţ˰棬ȪĿʼˣֿʼϵĶţΪ£Ǽ
ڰ׶ʥȴôףʵʦôˣΪʲôôʲôκ˰
˵֮Уκţͨĵ·˰ǴһʼֵǰףԴ󣬼ʼʱڣκ˰ǸʱʼҲʧڻȪ֮䡣
ʱһĨɫӰӣͻȻӻȪı֣˵˵Уκ˰ٴγֵʱҲһڿ֮ʱ
ǶλΪʲôһ϶ҪļأǳرյĺҲ˵
ڰ׶ʥǲ̫ףǸ㲻Ҫ֪Ȫ䣬Ȼڼ֮ɢγɵģǣﳣ걻˰ռţѾǿļˡ
ǱĵָˣΪ˹
еĻȪ棬ȻųˣûıԴ֮ҲͱȪ֮䣬Ϊǿ漶֮һ
ÿһǰԼĻȪ䣬Ҳ˵ܹռĻȪ䣬Щƿش硣
֮ɢ磬ȫǰĻȪ֮ˣȻеһˡ
֮УΪĸУǿһһһ
ǼǣԴǰȥ֮Ϳʼյ״̬Ѿڶ֮ˡ
ǺҲڸǳǿĴڡ
һǸд󲿷ȫǿ壬߱ÿһһ¼Ӳǽ޴Ƶ
Ȼ˵еĸĵ֮һеȴһƲ磬ȻĹ֮£Ծɲ·硣
Ŀǰһͬˣ˵һ֮еһЩѲϣǸҪġ
ԣ߳ΪͬˣΪһռ磬ΪһֲΪ
ǣߺκţкȻֵı˰ɢԼĺ
Ϣ뵽ߺ֮Уߺһһһһ
Ϣĺںһ𣬸ߺԪ뷨򣬾Ȼʼȫǰ̵Ϣˡ
̿ʼɿĵתһ˿˿ͷųڿпʼγһͨͨδ֪硣
ǺֱͨӵߺĽ£ߺ岻ԼĿƣͿʼѸٵ»ȥٶȱߺܶ౶
ϼһûзӳߺѾ֮ˣҲʱȻֹͣ

ߺһƬ磬ܾޱ޼ʵǿգֻȴȫź
ܵ򣬶ǺģһжһһڸߺµģǺֻк


695 ֮ͷȮ
ôأʦ֣ǸһǽȥˣȻȪԣ˫һ˵
Ա棬Ȫֻһ뾭ѵ֮ˣʦô죿ȵǸСֵܳɹļ̳ʦĴУԼȥɣ
˵꣬Ȫתʧڿ֮УͬվԱߵĺڰ׶ʥʧڿ֮С
ڻȪ֮УȪȱǣȴǷǳĿ㣬ڻȪ涼ûнȪѰꡣ
磬Ҳֻ˲а취Ƿǳǿ
ݼȪ棡ȪȪ֮зȥģʱĿݹǺһ㣬ȪǰĹȥ
ȪûʲôӦ¿һһҿҵʮǽôûˣôôĶ֣
Ȫ棬ոǸСŵʱǱ֮ϵİݣȻ˹ȥԴˣǾҲûʲô
еһݹ˳ǸߺĻһľոջʮŵĿݹǣȻܹ˵ҿǵʵȻǳǿ
еһЩԼȺڰ׶ʥҪǿӦ漶ʵ
ǶһЩǿߣȫ˻Ȫ棬ȪȻûнȪԴ֮ȫգǱϾһ֡
ջǳԼԼһǵ֮УΪģЩռ֮ҲΪˡ
漶ûа취ȥ漶ĵǿȥ
ƽʱǾǶ⣬ȵֵʱǾͻ𷴿
ΣǻȪøߺģΪҪһأû⣬û뵽ǣߺȻƵЩռ֮
ңɹĽռԲǶٸҿߺ塣
ΪڸߺǰһʮصƴţԿǹƷǳǿᣬȪ涼Ҫǿ
֮ǰջеĴڡ
Ǻ֣˵ڼһֵļ䣬ǵ֮УȪġ
ǣǲǣȪʹûзֹȻҲͲҶʲô
ΪһݹҪȪģѹ˵˲䱬ըˡ
ˣʲôһ֮ǾԲǿԱġ
˵Ѿӽһˣһ֮ϣһĴڡ
ĴĴͬĴڵ磬ûκһ˿Ӱӡ
˵ǵһ磬ԣ뵽һ֮Увˣӣһǡ
ǶԣˣҲֻһ΢һӡ
վֻһöӶѣԣЩһ㶼ǲᶯֵģǿԲĵĵزŬš

ߺһ޼ʵı뺮棬˶챻סˣƬ磬ߺĬĬ߶ѲɾǼֱ̫׳ˣ
ߺԼĽ¿ȥһ޴ĺһ򣬱½ҪϺܶࡣ
ֻȴûĴڣܹһǿգǿ֮УգȫǸĺƽ˵ʧӰˡ
ǰʵٵɢһգߺһСӰ˲ͷų
ߺ֪СǿЩģԸߺģĺȡ֮֮ߵġ
СֻߵȽף֮󣬱ôǿĸ溮壬ôܳܵˡ
ԶһԱķС˲ͽ˳˯˯ܾ󲿷ֵĺеһСֺ˽ȥ
СΪʼѸٵţΪԷȻʼķ˱仯
Եľͷ­Сͷ­Ȼ仯ޱȵ˶󣬱࣬СצҲʼķű仯
Сצӣʼϵëʼͬһ˶צ֮УȻʼС
ָ֮ϣɢŽӦеĺâߺЩ
СҪֳò𣿡ߺ𺳼ˣΪڵСԽԽڼ֮أڰ׶ʥǸСһˡ
ߺһſ֮еĺһ߹עСһһһ˿ҷŹ
໡
СȻӺվߴɣֻצӾȻɴС
˶ͷ­ǿֲȻСͷ­ʼѿˣ֮һĵطѿģѿһ֣һ⡣
ϵڿпʼ䶯ϵڴȥȻ⿪ʼΣȻСģ
һ룬ҲȻһ⣬ֿʼƽ֣ƽݣҲ۳ͷ
ĲӣҲһı仯ʼ˱仯ӡ
ٽȥСɣߺ𾪵뵽̫ˣ
໡
˶ͷ­һŭأܵĿռ䲻ϵĶĺ֮Уϵĳ
ɢźľͬɵľԳԶıʼϵľҵĲȻչһԿĳ
չܹһǳȫڱĺޣϵĴϳ
ߺܹӦЩ޵ʵԼǿ󣬲˵ӦñԼȼһס
ȻҲûʵ͵ģʵ͵ģҲǻ۷ĵȼҲǸߺԱġ
ߺΪҪԼСأȴû뵽ЩСǰ׷׶Сʼ
ȻߺûѧʲôѧǴӶԷϢϿԸӦǴǳ
ǳӶԼʵĳϵĳ
ˡһ𷢳ͬըһڸߺϡ
ҿߺ˷һһĺԼǰͬըһֵסˡ
С⵽ôһ£ߺʵڵĲˡ
СʵȻǿᣬʵ˵Ҳֻǻ𾳽磬߶
һֻСԱġ
޲ͬ࣬ǵޣԼߣǾԵĳģѪǲΥģһϳ֮󣬾ͻѱ䣡
ߺȥģԻĵ˵ͷģȻأ
ҵѪΪԭҵ磬ھˡеļҲھˣһ壬ƬǿޣҲ֮ͷȮ
ߺˣܵ˵һַǳ
ޣȻ˰꣬ЩҲǸոճģǾǵͷȮʵӵߣҵĸףҲǼ֮еĵڶ֣֮֮Ĵ֮УԻͣ䣬ǿޡ


696 Χ
Сò𣿡ߺк𾪣Ȼ֪Сضǳ˿ɱȣǣҲԶûֿʵ𾪡
Сͷ­һģһģûκεķֱҲΨһķֱͷ֮УԱߵûмͷ­ɰɡ
ڵС󣬾Ȼܹԣ֮н
С˵ģߺоԼ鱻ݺݵһ£֮еߣжǿӺڰ׶ʥв֮֮оͿԿ
С֮УΨһһĴڣʵǿɴ˿ɼ
ͷȮָĴ֮Уų֮ԿͷȮжôǿ
⼫ôСУһ۷ʥޡ
ֻޣһͷʨӵģߺļرʨмƣʵķǳǿ
ߺȻӶԷϣܵ˼رʨϢֻȼرʨϢǿϺܶ౶༫رʨûеǿʡ
үǸرʨһģޣվߺСǰԡ
ߺԱߵ˵ͷԡүȻƺЩ԰ʲôү˵ˣ
ָǼرʨģޣߺ˵үģô£
СԱ߽͵ģȻҵͷȮһ壬ڵ֮УǾͳεĴڣ֮жǰʵ˵ġ
ߺȻĵ˵ͷţ˵˼ҶˣǸүʲôϵأܲĽһ£
С˰죬Ǹް˰Լľ޴צӣҹҽһүô£
ǸرʨСǰүô£ʵ˵̫ˣԽʣǵͷȮˣү
Сָָرʨˣ㶮˰ɣ
ߺ¶ĵ˵ͷţǵ˼ǣ޵İɣ˼ά̫Զˣ
ԭڹر֮ǰ֮ͷųȥɾڸߺǰġȪ棬档
ˣȥĻᶼûУͱֱӱˡ
Ȼ滹һЩ֣ǳȥִߣҲûн֮䣬ͷȮҲڳܲסħս˺Լȫӡһѷ죬ԼѪһö
Ϊȥ˳ǻȪͼѰļ̳ˣΪʲôСߺʱԵ÷ǳܵԵʡ
ߺȻĵ˵ͷԭˣôʲô
ʮֵɢһ壬ҪΪ⼫֮·߾͸Ҫ˵ˣЩ۷漶ԴӵͷȮ󣬶ʼԼѰҵԴ
ͷرʨһޣʼ˵Խ˵ߺԽԼĴʮֵΣա
Ҫǣԭ˳ߣޣǳǿ󣬶ңǶԼΪôӵߺأ
˵ߺڱԼͻܵЩ׷ɱ
뵽⣬ߺȻܿȥЩ޵ҲǣϾޣ˼Ƚϵֱס
ԣһЩ벻ĵطߺȴܹ뵽
ֽʲôߺȻ֪ͷرʨһޣ㲻ʵǿġ
ǣڶԷ˵ôĻܵȴûһڲģߺֻ֪ޱضʵ̫͡
Ǽرʨһģޣ˿Сֿ˿ߺү˭Ǹ˵𣿡
ߺᣬⶼʲôƺ˼үԼˣĵʲôְ
С˵ͷû⣬ûոҹʲô𣿡
Ŷ˼Ӿ˼ѡеļ̳ˣرʨģޣ֮ΧŸߺת˺üȦ
ʵ̫ˣʵ˵Щ緱ǵˣңһ
ߺͷĺߣһ˵ͲẬһô˵ͲԼܲˣ
Ǽʨһģʨҽܵʥ۷Ϊһ壬ΪԸۣͬԲ㱻ҿڱ磬һ˿ϡѪ
ߺȻ֮뼫رʨϵһ𣬲ʵǵѪǲ½
ʨ˵ͷǸ̫ˣţǵĺõܺõķչ
ߺ֮󣬵˵ͷǸǺ㲻֪ʵܿģңĺǸ磬Ҳõѹƣ
ǻûпǵڲ֪Ƿչôˣ˵ţʨ¶һ˿ȽƵ顣
ˣһǸѾˣûдκһֻˣȻİοǣߺȴջǽ˵ˡ
ô˵һ壬ֻһѪˣʨȻסˣ޴˫֮У˱
ߺҲ֪˵ʲôһ濪ʼߺߴݣһȦȦͷų
濪ʼϵĶһ޴ѷ죬޵棬ʼϵѿ
Ƭ½ɱ½ҪӴ󣬵ǣߺȻ֣ԼµȻʼѳ˺öݡ
ҿռ֮УգǵԸߺܹڿзеġ
ңߺ˺ܴļӳɣٶȻңҲǷǳСߺһĺһڿзС
ûĶ٣ǺȫĲڸߺ֮иĵȱʧˡ
ңĺĺ˵֪϶ٱߺֻǺһ͸оԼ֮еΪʼһ˿˿
ǣڸߺȴûôĿУȥ⺮ĴڣǽԼĿǰ棬һ޼ʵǿ֮С
ΪڶޣĿߺһԾվСǾ޴ͷ­档
ԶϮߺվǣ˫Į
𶯣ߺɫķ˿һ˿˿ƮڿУ棬ʥվڸߺš
СĽ£Ƭɺɫĺɵƶ䣬Լͷ­ôǼңϿ񣬻ڵʲô
ǰյȺмֿһ·һ֮ɢǿޣ潥ζ˳
ֻһߵģɢźɫĺǿƣܵĿռ䶼һ˿˿ѷ졣
Ŀռ䣬ɲ½½ϵĿռ䣬ߺһ£СͻƳɻʼʱ򣬶ûռаֵѷ졣
Էֻǿƣܹռѷ죬ʵǿ󣬿֪
үǷߡ˫ͷǰпǰɱүģʨµ˵
ʨһ壬Ѿ쵽ֻһԱĵزˣôļν𣿡ĵ˫ͷЦ˵


697 Ұ
ߺһαӣŶԷҲǵһθоԼôСԶԷûˡ
˫ͷЦ޴ģǸ꽻ңǵ˫ͷһΪʱ򣬻Ǽʨһ壬ȫĳΪµһŶһΣ
ʨŭХһ룬Ǽʨһ壬Ǽӵ֮֮İҲǰ裬´ʹһҲϧ
Ǻ뷨Ҳһ𣿡˫ͷС۾ӵˣޡ
޿ʼϵ˼ţеĵԼͷ­еģ˫ת֪ʲô
ߺֱӣЩޣûֻʨҳϣǻֻһЩǣֵĶѡ
Ȼ䣬ߺоһԼȻǷǳǿ󣬵쳣Ρ
Ǹߺ⺮֮Уܵõչǿ޷Ӧǿ
ң˵СֻڼʨֵȽ׵˵ģڸߺ޷ֿġ
ߡ㣬ǧû뵽ķˣϣͶ˵˫ͷһˡߺܹ֣࿿֮С
ߺһʮǣԣǾߺܹ
ǣû뵽ͷʨȻҲܹ̽ҿٵӦ
ʨٵĳڸߺǰſԼͣһڽǺ˽ȥȻڵľ׽
ȻֱҳԵ⼫ʨǱϿô򵥰
С󿴸ߺǲı飬֪ߺһǺףȻҲǺ׼ʨǣ֮УڼʨĽȴܶࡣ
ʨǵͷȮ£ǿ֮һǵͷȮӰİҲʵӵߣӵǿĸ֪ȻڴǿʱȫļʨӦڶԷĸ֪֮£
Сͺǽ˵ԱԱ߶Ÿߺ˵ߺ˵ͷ⵹½ļرʨ
Ҳ˵رʨǼʨѪԲ
ֻһʥ޶ѣΪܹҵǰˣʲôУҵĹ𣿡
ʨ˵˵žǧȥֻû߳Զľ룬ͱԶĵ˫ͷסˡ
Ȱ㻹ǲҪˣȻĻҹǸν˼̳ˣѪʱûа취ӪŶ
ڸߺоԼһ׸ָоߺĺܾûиܹˣߺ𽥳ֳһ˿Цݣֻ˿Цȴʮֵ䡣
֮ͬǰаЦҲº͵ЦݣǷǳ䣬ռĺ·𱻵ߺӿ
һ˿ľ󣬵Ȼڶǿ޵ĸ֪ˣ׷ߺȥߺµСҲ·Ӧ˸ߺŭ
޴ͷ­֮ϣһ˿˿ʼ汬ͷ­˫Ҳʼ˱仯
ңɱ¾СߵǸͷ­ڿڽˣңſ֮ܵķΧ̷˱仯
ǵĺǳɱĺ鲼ڿռ֮С
СĻո˵ܷ·ͿʼɱܵľˣǶûͷȮ֡
ֻǶţͷȮǿĶš
˵սʱ򣬵ͷȮǷŹɱ¾Ϣһ˰
һ򣬴ԼǻȪĳ̶ȡ
ڵĻȪ磬ľһ򣬶ܳΪе˵½磬ʮһ
Ҳ˵ʱĵͷȮһʮ½
ȻǿȻҪһ磬ô򵥵ģΪ֮Уǿ漶ߵĴڣʥۼǶ಻ʤ
ǿĵͷȮܹӶԷĴڣǿɼһߡ
Щ޿ʼСɱ֮вĸߺǸӵǿ˫ǿȥâӸߺ˫ȥĺʯ˫Ŀɢȥĺâ䴩ˡ
ʨ˫һСӣȻôߵ϶ȣֵǣϣΪĴˣ
仰һ˵ںڶޣʮ֮˾ţ˫ĿᶨĿǰĵ˫ͷ
֮ԸոԥΪߺûͷųԼϢߺϢϢȻһ޶
Ψһ𣬾ǸߺĺоȽһЩѡ
ǵȴ˼ˣ⼸꣬ڱЩǿʵѹ֮Уն꣬һ˿ϣûп
ڸոգߺԼʱڿϣǼ꣬ûаװ׼ֵĹ
𡭡
ֻһŭйԼеίӵǼΪԼļָоֵõļ
ʨӴ˫֮Уʼһ˿˿ˮӿڡ꣬ûаװ˷ѣֵǣ˻ûгɳߵʱڣͿˣ

ǿնˣ·˵һ㣬ܵ嶼ʼϵĲޣϵĴӸ֮г
˫ͷΪǾֻ˰꣬ΪľǽյĴڣǾԲģֵɱʨŭš
һ̿ʼȰʮ޴ͷ­ͬڶһĴڣܹһ̵һС塣
֮УģǶôǿĴڣҲֻеۼѣģߺ硣
˫ͷޣǵۼģǿҲֻʥģһƬĺ̫ϡˣصǶôǿġ
Щޣûн˫ͷķΧͱԷǲŭˡ
Щ޷׷׿ʼԭԵ÷ǳӵǿգӵСˡ
ߺߵޣȴǲηǰŭųȥԼѪ⣬һǽڣΪߺֵסǲɵֵ
˫ޣͬƲɵĺҵײһ˲ѪɣǰսսһѪ⣬г
ǸطһƬѪɵ磬ͷгɵĿܡ
ˡԳһޣʨǰȻߣֵ
˵ţ˫ȭĴԼؿڣڲĴĹ֮УԳøӵľ޴
ոǸ֮ǰ壬һѡ
ԳڿУ֣㽫һС屧У𣬶ǸҲȻ˫ͷȥ
䡭
˫ͷǸβһ˦㽫Ǹ廯ǿ֮еĳ
ǾԳһȦȦĲסսԼ塣
ԳУɫѪҺ
һҪǵϣδ
ڼʨߵ˲䣬ߺǾԳ˫ͷĴѪԼͷ­ȴ˫ͷͷ­롭


698 
ʨٶȻǷǳĿģŸߺС󣬾͸ûдŶƵģٵǿ֮ӹ
ߺعͷȥͷԳһ۵ʱǾԳͷ­Ѿʧˣ޴壬ǿŤתĵطС˲䱻޴ѹĩ
ԳӴĵ˫ͷ˺룬ıǼӲѹ˿˿ɫѪ͸޾ĺз֮У齦
ߺûил˵ģһ̺Ȼ˼Ĵǲ֪ߺ᲻ɹҲ֪ߺǲ֪ԼϣǸˡ
ǣȴȫΪ˸ߺԼΪߺһѪɵǽҲϧ
ǵΪԼ˽ΪסߺԼС
үСδ϶ҵƤë֮УϢǧҪԷЩ쵰֣ʨ洫
֪ԼȺ֮УܹסԷ˫ͷģΨԼѣԼȻܹס˫ͷҪԼˣұ֤Щ޻᲻ĵİߺ
ټϣԼܱܲøߺ
ԣΪԤһֻܴŸߺСԼߣʵҲڵѪϾֵˡ
ֻʥޣԸûлϢ˵ġ
Ƕԣ֮ĸӵ񣬶ߺСͲˡ
ߺСǳ֮ӡ򲻵ѣǾԲΥġ
㡭оôʨŸߺ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ߺҲӿ֮еĺоΣյϢѾԶԼȥˡ
Լѳ˵˫ͷвߺȴּʨûĿУʮֵĳơ
ʨתͷ˫֮£ѪᣬɫѪ͸¶޾ı⡣
⡭ߺĬˣڸߺԵСҲĬˣǵĳ֣ԷʧȥദĻ飬Ҳ㲻Լ˵ĳֵǶԵĻǴġ
û£ǵԲɸĵǡһҪɹڼʨҵ˫֮У͸¶һŭһɱ⡣
ҧгݵ˵һҪЩѵĻ쵰ȫʳΪ֮ҵĴڣ
ߺĬĬڶԷ֮ϣû˵תͷ޾ǿգǿմ󲿷ֶɢźееͬոոߺվ½һȫ˺
κζǺģͬɽƽԭĺŭ𣬵ȻҲ
Щ򶼷ǳСңӵмΪǿĽƣߺоԼȫһ˿ѷ춼ܡ
ڵۼģʥܲ˺ߺȴǲ֪Ҳûȥʣڼʨڱ˵ʱȥʸߺܸоһЩʡ
ߺʨţԶȥ
֮󣬸ߺһϣ뼫֮еĺһ
ʨڻָһ飬ܸߺС̸ˡ
Ȼ̸ݶΪʵĻ⣬ûΪߺʲôĻ⡣
УйЩǺ߸ߺЩ֮Уֻռ˲ٷ֮һı
ٷ֮һ֮УŵҲ˵ܹеֻռǧ֮һѡ
ҲޱӴģҪ֪֮Уӵб½ǿ򱶣Ҳ򱶵򣬾Ͳڼʮ
Ȼǰסĵطǵ
ĺģҲΪĴ½У뺮򣬶С
ֻȽСѣռİٷ֮һٷ֮һ½أҲ½ϰ򱶡
Դ󣬾ֻеͷȮסͷȮǰ˺ܶǿĽơ
ǵĽƣ½֮䣬зǳǿĽơ
⼫˰ķչȻǲȱĴڣڼ䣬ϵϣлȡıԴ
ǣôʱ䣬еڷ֮һûпϾ֮µһ֮֡Ųǰ׽еġ
ʵȻޱȵǿᣬǰȫɵĽƣô򵥾ʹ򿪵ĻͲܳǼ֮еĵڶˡ
Щͨ½أҲӵзǳǿĽƣܹɵУľ漶ܹȥ
Ƕ⿪ŵģ֮Уһȷܹͨȥ
ΪʲôҪߺأΪ󲿷ֱռˣֻҪнһķãЩ֣ǾԲ߶ֵġ
Ϊ棬ֻͬ׼ﶯ֣ǽ
ȻʥϵʥǾԲսģٵ
涯ֵʥ
ԣڶԣ滹ǱȽϰȫģߺСʵ̫ˣǽ뵽֮УҲǱ˼ɱĴڡ
ʨ㣬øߺСʵʵܹʥԱĳ̶£
Ͼһ·кܶδ֪Σգǹ⿿ԼΪ

ոս뵽򣬾Ӱߺ˰ΧˣЩ˴ͳһɢźͼʨһϢ
ʨڽ֮ǰȻıԼòȻֻ΢ıһ£øߺʮֵ棬⼫ʨ֮Уȷкܶδ֪
ֲõڵͷȮ£ΪĸأԷϣһӵʮǿ
ţһˣʥޣʮö裬ʼޣһö裬Ǹ˵Ļ˰ɣǸһ£öȷûг
ǣûлʼˣǿյأһǿ֮ߣٶǵۼﰡ
Щһ˽˵˽ǶǣǶԸߺԣԷûκεıܻ䣬Ľ̸
ʨһö裬ߺӵ֮УܵǿĺЩҪǱˣߺʵô˵Ҳһʵ
ĸߺͷʨǰܼӡ
ʨȻ֪ʹ֪ˣҲɡ
Ͼ裬ǵ֮еľ裬һҲܹھһöֱ裬ӵмΪǿĺʥ׳ա
漶˵Щû̫ô
ǣ֪ǣߺܹհߺеĺ·ʮֵ⡣
ߺҲ֪ô£пǷԵʣҲп˻Ȫ亮Եʣܵ˵ĺߺֶԼֻ洦ûл
Ҳѡˣ˵Ĳ֮ͬɣҲΪ˶ԣҲڱȽϼ򵥣ʵҲǳļ򵥡


699 
ʨУߺ֪ˣԶ໹ǱȽչ˵ģö
ЩֻͨѣҪϢеĻǲܵģҪ֪浱Ŀһ档
ߺȥˣ䵽˳֮Уھ滹׵ʱҿʨİæȻǳĴ󣬻ʼ˸޷С
ۼߣܹİ׵ĸ߿գҪͲܣзеģҲֻгʥʥˡ
ЩͶʥڴϣߺܵһɹɵԱҪǷŵԼǸ磬ǿԺɨһƬ
СոǺӾ磬ǻԼ뵽߾ġ
ҲνССũҲ˵ũǲߵľ磬棬ҲС֮ģڵĳǹܡ
Ȼܹôǿߵģ֮еȻҪΪߣҲô򵥵ģЩũ֮УΪǷǳѵġ
Ǹ޷⣬ʲô򣬶ڵĸߺֻһ׷ĵزͼĴˡ
ǿģ漶ˣԴһƬСĴڣǶʮ׵ķ۷壬Ƿǿ۷塪ʮ۷巨
ȫԴһƬ磬ȻҲǱȽϵͼĴڣǶһǿ磬ѡΪһ֮
ߣǿҲ׷򣬸ߺķȽ⣬ߺԼķ򣬾ȻԲٿ⼫ĺ
аͳͳڸߺĿ֮С
Ǹߺĺ򣬶Ҹߺĺڴ˲ټϸߺ
ߺķȻֻһף֮ͬУк͸ߺġ
εڳеĽֵ֮ţߺܵ˳صĴˣԼǸ˸޷⡣
Ƭ磬һЩոճӤܹɨԼǸһƬ
߼ũ񣬶ܹԼƬ۳ˣֱ̫ǿˣԼǸˣ߸޷档
갡ʱ˵˵ЩˣߺֵΣԼ֮ǰ磬̫Сˣ֪Լ֮УܹܲΪһ֮
ǲܹĻԼǸˣȴԴԴϵĹ˵ᱻ²Ҳ˵ɱ
һҪŬ֮УΪһ漶ܹɵĽƬ磬κ֮ϣֹԼ˽ô˵ܹлȪԼˣ
ڴţߺȴǲϵ˼ţɲϣ½ˣȪŰɱ
οǸĳɳٶȿȽģ˵ԼļŮһ͸ӵ˵ˡ
ڱ棬ߺпĲôεģȪȻߺһǺΣǣڿȱöˡ
ǶģϣԸϡ
֪Сôˣ뵽УߺɵԼá
ߺ߳½ʱ򣬸ڱչʵҲ˳磬Լʱͨһ㣬˶ͬ
ԼãߺжʮֵĵģԼýҲʮˣȻԼ÷򣬸ߺҪǱȽϸߵġ
ǣСԼĴ̼֮£ǽѰҶˡ
ңųˣҪҵĻҸҵĸǿȵĴڡ
һ仰ֹǰҴֺ⡣

ڸߺ֪ʱ򣬸ߺ֮Žһ˲䣬һöһӰҲĵĸڸߺ
Ӱ壬ڽһɲǣ·ϣǿҵĶԾ
ǼҵײķĿռ䶼ס֮ǿ󣬾ûͻƻ߾ʱĸߺҪ˱ᡣ
ߣһħ壬ħƲǸӰ˵һСħͷȻҸҶ
ߣҲһǶѣһ˿͸սǲһƬ磬ͬ磡
֮УɢһĲߺĻһǳϤ
ӰǸߺ֮УֵǸӰӣǰ˳񣡶ħ
ǵòǸ磬Щ˵ļأҹǲǵߣѾüûгˣҾͲţﻹ˭ܹ赲ҵķչ
ӰӦһŮɣΣħŮˣҽ۷壬ǲǻеСأ
䡭
ûн꣬ӰӾǸײȥö̵ɽ˱֮С
֮бȥҲǸӰӽ뵽˻Ȫ֮Уڱ֮УһĨɫӰ˲ڰ˳ǰ֡
ֻһ񣬾Ǹٵɵͣ˰С
ϤĺѲǸߺᣬɺȸߺǿڱϣȴȸߺĺһ˿
ħ֮иоһ˿˲侪漴
Ǳ棺ţħϢһʾûˣֻҪ㽻һǵĽ˾ͳɹˣ
˵ţȻһ־ͽöУתʧ޾ı֮ڣ·ʲô鶼ûзƬһƽ
ǸӰ뵽˻Ȫ֮УȪȴûг֣ڻȪȫǰͣס֮ϡ
ԭΪһǿڿ·Կף̾ǽ뼫ķӡڣ
ʦô꣬ҲĹģһֱڱȪ֮ѰңȴûпôԶ׼Ķڰ׶ʥ˵ͬ
ʹͬ˵˼Ҳǻͬ
ɶĸߺȻҲתŮ壬ˣҽ˫ɯҲǿɶһŹ㣬̺֮ŸǿҾָҵʵɣ
ȪǸӰɢĲڰ˲Եʣ֪廹˸ߺĺӡ

顭ߺһһӰ˺Ӹߺǰ˳ȥ
ߺǲϵԭأŴԽԽˣڸߺԱߣʮӰڵϣԱ߻һģ޵Ůӣϵڵš
ЩǱܵĴڣ֮ǰ˵ڽյĳǹܡ
ߺżϵһ飬ЩҪνİ̯õķãŮӽЩȻŮӵòҪһˬһ¡
һӢ۾û뵽ܾԴԴϵһЩܣߺչ涨ʨȴܰߺ
ϾʨЩ˵ǿϲֹһضء
ǻǵĹײ𣿡ߺ߬߬Լȭͷ˵
ǳԵģȵģôǹ񣡡ԶһȺȺͬӬһӰ˹Ʒɡ


700 ֮ǿ
쵰ȻҶܣΪԼ޵𣿡ͷǸԱȸոֻǵͼߵҪǿϺܶ౶
ԷųĴϢһǰڵʬ룬ԷҲûԼ֮е
ţߺһɻĿǰǸϰٵĻߣЩп궼ʲôʲôʲôʱɶˣ
ڼǵںˣӵеĶǺܹӵеҲͽǺѡ
ͨ½ߣ֮ӵеķȴƽ֮еûʲôһ廨ţӦоС
ͱһ֮ӵʮֺ˵Ľ
ǰγĶŷǳϢҪ֮ͨУʮ֮һĴ½ȫ롣
棬ȴֻܹһʬΪѣҲ˵ȸߺڵ½ӵľȶԣǸι̺ܶ౶
ĺ磬Ҫ뵽磬ûǿߵĴ켸ǲܵġ
ߺĿǰǼܣ˫һô˵ǴҪս𣿡
û㣬ӷַӾ㣡ڸߺǵȻıܵԽԽᷳеŭһ
ʱڶ棬һС˵ǲЩϺϾԷҲ࣡
ôˣģǲǵĹԺϺڣͷýǸеĽʼָŸߺĻӶš
ڽɢϢڿпٵĻţḺֵ̌˺öݡ
⼸ոɢʱ򣬶ԷˣһתͿʼߺζȥߺ΢΢һ˲ʧŲ˰ӵľ롣
Աߴȥߺ˳ԼָסǱ֮еԪ˲ȼ
νȼգϵȼգ˲ñ
Ǽ̾ͽˣķҲһͬߺĺ
ʲôԪͽҵķסˣΪĻô𣿸ոֻʹһ˿ѣ
ͷ˵һһޱȷϢʹͷų˳Ǳĺûӵͷܵϵʱ򣬾ͱĽˡ
漴ٵߺ廮ȥңȻ׵ķ򣬶УдȼյĽԪ
ߺǰĽֵ˲ͱ֣ӡ쵽°ңɣڱ˵ߣߺӰʧǵǰ
Ŀռ֮ʮֵȹ̣ԣʸֶҲǷǳǿġ
Լ˫۵Ļȫûп͸Ȼǻߵ˫ۣۼ֮ǲͬӡ
ۼߣʮֵǿ󣬷ҲȫһˣܹͨԼͷųӵԼһطǾ˫֮ϡ
ŷԽԽǿЩ᲻ϵ뵽ÿһλ˸õķӷһҲͿʱǿʱ̡
ǣɢȥʱڸߺǰһ·ǳıǽǵȫ֮⣬ߺضûκεĸı䡣
һ֮󣬸ߺǰһ±ǽȫĻ룬ƻ羵ߺʮֵ𺳡
Էǲ۷ľ磬Ҳǻ۷徳磬ʵȷ֮ǿˡ
ߺܣʼ˺Щ֮вȼյԪɢź
ţԷǡ֮нĴˡһɲǣе˶ˣЩϸɪɪ
Ǽ磬ԺΪǿĺ֮µˣȻЩͨ絮Աġ
λҲԲϵ˿ȵġ
Բ𣡡Ժˣе˶ʼԼ˫ϥϿҵĵǸ
ϻкܶˣֻ۸Сһֱ硣
ߺȺȻȱøУ֮еԽԽǿ󣬸ĺ֮ɢֵ࣬ϣʼ˺
ҵǺҪ֮һ£Ҫ֮ǲɱˣߺԼһָŶǸýܲмĹ˹ָ
ǲϷŹǣô¾͵ˣ˵ţ廯һ⣬˲ʧԭأתڸߺ֮
еıٵߺĲ֮Ͽȥߺһã
һӰڸߺǰɣǱֻһ˲ͽӰն룬ǣߺӰͲ֪١
ǳǸ˵ĺ棬ʼɢڸߺϣܵĻȥ
顭ߺ벻ǣԷȻûж㿪Լһ˵Щô˵ҲӦñȽǿ󰡣û뵽սӦȴôĲ
Ǻһ˲䣬ͽ뵽Է֮УԷϵģûʲô仯
Ծת;Ӹµߺ֮ȥߺǸܺȻֹͣԼĶ
ߺϸȥԷ˫֮УȻûһ˿Ȼ֮У⣬ʼϵðӶԷÿһλ
ϣë֮УٵĳͱŸոǸƣ֮ϿٵĽһĺҲˡ
ߺ˫һУͷϵĵĿ֪ʲôʱͳˡ
ոգԷ֮һУߺԼ֮ۿʮֵԷ֮ԭʢ
ߺһֺȴԷŨصԷ֮еһлܶں֮£ٵ
ȻӲĽ֮еȫˣû˶ԷĿƣ˳־
ԭ֮ϢȻĺӵĿ£ֻͬǣԸ˵಻ͬ
ߺһĿ˲俪ʼʧڸߺĶͷ֮ϣߺҲ˳˼
֮еһ˵ֻǲԷĺ
ֻҪԷǿһֵزܻлὫߺԼ֮ġ
ǣ֮ȴͬˣ˵ܻһܵļޣֻҪޣҲ
Է𣬶ңһߺҲǷǳСġ
ȻЩ֮еͲȱĴڣ֮ȴǶԷĸ֮ϢֻԵĴ
Ϊ˱ǣЩöȫˣ˵ţߺǿʼ¶һ˿˿Цݡ
һѾɺĺȫ»ɺ뵽Щ֮ܵС
ֲ˻𲻶ϵĴдһߣһ֮еȫɢһɶ
ߺԲЩǿ壬Ҳȫ֮еߺȷţֻҪ飬Щͻ˲仯һ⡣


701 յ
ߺɱô֮󣬺ܶͰΧ˸ߺˣȴûмڶֻ֣ԼеıжŸߺˡ
ǺˣΪʲôֹԱУһԼеıĿŸߺ˵
ߺעǣû˵ʲôֻǵĴԼ۳һɺɺ漫֮еϢǳġ
ô£ӵôڵĵԲͨˣһüͷ뵽ȻʵҲǷǱѰԾһСһЩܹǵġ
ߺû˵Աߵļʨ
飬Լ֪Ĳ࣬ӸոЩܵķӦںˣλԱͨ˵ĵλ߶ˡ
ԣߺոͷһԼĺΪ˱סԼ
ϾɶһЩʥ߰Ǽʨôʥս
ʨ֮˫һǡǺôĵӣȻôλ˵үø˵˵ˣ
ʨԸ䵱ߺʵⱾҲûôţҪ֪ߺĺѡˡ
ڼʨһΪǿʱҲֻһԱѣܹδѾǽԼݿˡ
ȻҲڶԷΪ֮֮ǰĻò˵ѾԼͺܶˡ
ʨţ֮УϣΪģߺƵڶû˸ҳƵһ
Ҫ֪½ǵͷȮԲõý磬ߺǵͷȮĺ
ͷȮµĵһĹĴ󽫣ûпȫӡƬ½һк֣רΪѡ׼ĺ֡
ʲôһߣȻӵһͷʥСӵı²һ㰡
Щ׷״󾪣־֣ߺ̾Ϳʼ˱仯
ǵ½ʮ֮УһСүɣ˻һе˱ᣬ˵ʮֱǵֲ֮Ĵڡ
ÿһǿʮ߽ģ˵ÿһ߶ڼԺ绽
ڣ磬˼ҸͿϣ˼յĿģǵ½֮веĵԴ֮
Сүôпط氡ǲʤҰ϶ЦȴѾǧ顣
Ҫ֪ÿһ½ʮ֮еүǰԼⷽ涼Ҫ治ڣԱȻˡ
ÿһʮү½Ī˲ƣ֮ƯŮ˷̣ζʳЩҪԻͣǰӵġ
ЩѾǼֲˣҪǣ˼Դã֮Ů˻Ҫͳͳߣ˶ЩԱԹص
үʲôԸÿ뵽ӴЩү󣬱׵ı飬ϲŭ޳飬Щ͸оԼĸζʼˡ
Ǹоһƽˣһ
ߺĻȴЩгһǣҰöһڱȽϰĵط
ѵǵħһ壬ȻһյĵطǮ𣿡
֪Ҳ͵ħһ壬ڽǮȽϿˣﵽǮĵز

Щ˲˵ߺ֮еİ˲Ȼصʮֵʱ̫ˣԸߺǰ˲ĴڣȻܹӦ˿˿
ǣϿȥֿóʮöòǾ͵ɣеǣȴǷ˿ɬ꣬ȥҲֿⰡǸ˵Сѣ
еܵĴһһó˽ǧöǧģóһö衣
ʣµģʹյгȡģǹ
ȻЩҲܵӦĳͷͲ꣬ⶼǺˡ
ߺõ˱֮󣬾ͽЩߺ׼ңнȥ֮󣬼ʨͿʼȴš
ҲǺףΪʲôߺҪЩ裬ȻҲԲʣһҪ
ߺС֮󣬾óеı裬ʼ۲ǰɫ֮͸źɫġ
ǲ㺮Ө͸ĺɫ͸¶죬ֺںϣߺܹиֺܵں֮ǱļϢ׳
СܹожĿѲɣҲֱܹɣߺ˫һУЦһ˵
СҡҡͷûֺǵͷȮһ壬ȻԼһװ취
ߺһ£û̫Ծܹ֮µ֤ͷȮô򵥵ġ
СķԸߺСһֱ裬Ҳֻһöѣң⻹СԼҪġ
ôأԭĵԼΪģ̶ֳȼȥôҵĴô죿ļʨε뵽
࣬ػǼȻ϶˸ߺǵʮ֮еСүôܹߺİȫأ
ߺ棬ĺ־ͶԼУ֮дŵһ
ܹϢĺ뵽ߺУȻʼޱȵ˳ҷǳˬɿڣбըһĸоߺղܡ
Ϊʲôʥֲĺڸߺǰͬһֱ˳Сèһأ
Ǿ͹鹦ڸߺ꺣֮еˣ֮֮򣬻Ԫϵڸߺ꺣֮ת
Щ뵽ص֮󣬾Ȼٵ뵽У뵽еֺԪ֮ڡ
׳ɵˣ֮УΪǿûǵ˼Ѿˡ
ǺʲôֻҪﵽµĺ䣬صǿ
Եԣԣֻ򺮱ȴԲԻǲԡ
֮УȪ֮ԣܹ꣬Ȼ֮ԡ
ҲǰҲĹɷںϵĺ
ԸߺȻûκεб֮оȻеĹϢԶԶϵĽ뵽ߺ֮С
ߺķڲϵǿһߵĸзǿˣڸҲ͸ӵǿ
˵Ļⷨͺñ񻨵֮еĻҩΪЩҩ񻨵ȥ֮󣬲ŸӵѤĿ
ͬģֻзڲϵǿߵŻԽӵǿ
ߺΪͬߺķһ㣬ٵ׷Ӧڻߡ
ģһ¹ȥˣߺǰǾŰö裬ֻʣ˰˰öߺΪ۷ߣ۷׷
ߺȻ۾ҵľѾﵽ֮죬Ψ֮ͻưɣ漴ߺſһһö辡뵽ߺС


702 ½Ե
𡭡һߺ洫˳ķԶһĺֵľ񷿣һЩڽϲߵ˶ȫסˡ
ѾסˣȺţʨվԼ𾪵Ŀ棬ָоǡ
ۼǵۼϢָоԲģһͻ˵ۼʨпû龰һǰԷֻǳߣǣһº󣬾ȻôɹĽΪۼˡ
Ӳ죬ﲻ죬ֻһµʱٶҲ̫˰ɡ
ǼʨԾ汣ߺЩӵ𾪣׷׽ͷӶ
Ҳ̫ǿˣӵʮү츳Ȼô̵ʱ֮ھܹͻƵۼ
ڵ֮УȻ߾粻ǺѣǵۼͲôˣһЩʵߣҪҪۼҲҪĻۡ
ϾһǺӾߣٶȣȻʮֵĿֲͬҲһЩ֢ǾǸû
ԣĳɳ˵½һЩ߶ԶԶ硣
ǷŵͬĻֲͬȽһ½ЩߣҲ½־Ƚϼǿߡ
½ˣе֣ſڵСү½ߣ֣һ·ǿԼ˫ˡ
âбǺâĵطкģ׷ױ飬ûкģǸһ㺮
֮򣡡ߺд˳ֵıݵӰʱߺϷ·ûһ˿û˼Ĳ͸һͨһ
ߺ棬һԼ壬֮ȵ֮УǱ֮ǰҫ۵Ρ
ڸߺ֮еĹΣθߺʵû˺ܶࡣ
֮ǰߺ֮еĹǰ˵ֻΣΣ͸źɫ
ͬĻǸߺķ꣬ѩ״ˣмǺɫģڸߺĻ꺣֮Уͬһɫ̫һ㡣
ֻ״ȴѩѩܱһɫĹ⻪š
ֺõںϣߺ΢΢Լǣ¶һаЦתͷȥ
СſЩ֮ϣЩϢԴԴϵıС뵽Է֮ڡ
ߺֱÿַǱȽϵһ㣬ٶҲʮֵľ˵ġ
һ֮䣬СȻҲ˲۷徳磬Ҳǻ۷塣
һö裬ҲϣߺԽԽãȻʨǳǿ󣬵СţԼ½İӡ
ҲС͸ԼеģȻȽ෴ʨȻһٵıʾԼҳϣؾཻʱ䲻

ߺ̳ʮүһԭ򣬴ŮˣֻŮΪǿҲֻвľ磬ƽˡ
ȻвֱȽ˼ȳֱ֮뵽ԼĴ֮УһȵգԼæңѲɻԼɣ
Ϊⷽ濼ǣߺѡŮˣЩġ
ڼߵ֮УŮ˻ûģĸŮĸŮǲĴС
Ͼǲ䣬ٶȽгɳġ
棬֮ĲͬΪ֮£Ҳǻʱƣϵıϵġ
֮⣬ߺö裬жʮö裬Ů˵ļЩƽʱĶ㹻ǧˡ
ңŮ䲢Ǻܴ󣬴Լ͸ߺ䡣
ҪߺǵۼΪʵʵ䣬ʮ꣬Ҳֻʮѡ
䵽ۼ˵ȥܰ
Сڻû꣬ߺɴཫ֮봢֮УԼڼʨϣ˵ĵ½ȥ
ô˵˼ҶʥߵĴڣٶȻǷǸߺɱȡ
½ڼ֮ĵĵطǿô࣬ȻҲдֻ󲻶ѡ
ҵһȽϴ棬ߺܵ˱ʥ߻ҪǿĴڣǾ漶Ҽ˲ֹһ
棬ʨСˣҲȽϵļ򵥣һһ裬һİö裬⻹ǿڸߺΪС״£ҪǶʥߣҪ߰ٶö衣
ڴ֮Уߺ˾½һ
ڸߺǰһһĺ򣬾Ƿ˿һҲ߼ʣʹǸߺ֮Ҳ޷ʲôκεۡ
ڵ½֮ϣһ޴Ĺ壬ǹ壬ûɢʲô
ʨ߸ߺ½֮УҹĵǺģ뵽ҹ֮һŻ磬Ǹ壬Χŵ½תġ
½һʮ壬ΧתʹҪȵҲҪһ꣬ͿԿ½жôľ޴
ңͣǿ֮УϵߺײǼʨٶȣߺڿͳΪһ̲ˡ
ʨĵĸ߸ߺʵڼ֮Уе򣬲۴СΧŵ½תġ
½̫壬ȻǵһĴڵģΧŵת
ߺϵĶܣԼʯϵĶܣʯ֮ǰĸӵʵ
֮ǰԱߵʱ򣬸ߺԼ۾ȥԪʯ飬ڣڵ½ܵʯʹǼʨþȫҪ飬ѡ
ңһ֮󣬾ҪϢһʯһ㶼ǳɶѳֵģͶܲһöһֻеˡ
򣬾͸˵ˣž漶ﶼ׵Ļ飬ڵ½ܵ壬ܶ඼Ǳ硣
Щ磬Ҫ붼ѵģ˵ˡ
˭ڸߺ𺳵ʱһۼڵߣȻ棬߰мĿŸߺУأ
ߺ˫һУУ۵ĳƺΪܸ߹ƺ˵÷ˣ
תȥȥߺȱһ£ԷȻʵ壬ǻ壬֮УȻôǿĻ塣
ҿһпǵʮ֮Сˣʨһ£Ȼʶʲô
ۼ꣬Ȼ֣˻֮еˣҲбˡ
ߺͬߺǱҪطģټԼıŻڵģʯ㲻
ԷͬǵۼˣȻǵʮ֮еˡ
ڵ½Щ磬ǵʮ֮еǵʮ֮еģûʸ
ţЩʶҽУûʲô˰ɣ


703 ߾
ߺЦһʲôʮǻһ˵ǣӾ֪ˣģ
СǸڵۼ˫һۣٵߺƮһһС
۳ķ򣡡ߺһԷõľȻǷ򣬶һ귨
ַ򣬸ߺֻ˵ûмǽȴˣǸ޵ߺһȦȦĲƶȥߺоԼȻѹסˣһȦȦ͸ɫߺһȦȦ˩סˡ
꣬ˣҪ̵̷ۼЦ˵
ʱ򣬼ʨ˹˵λС磬ǲǰˣҿʥߣ
ǵȻûǣֻѵܲҵĴ𣿡ʱԱߵǿ֮Уһ𶯣һ͸ӰӳڼʨԱߡ
ţʨһȵĿǰǸ͸Ӱӣʥ۷꣬û뵽ҾȻûз㣬
˴˱˴ˣҵҲûп㵽ʲôޣҲһˣһ֣ͻ¶ʱ³ǸһЦ
ߺȻס꣬ǲ˼ˣǶԸֻ֣Ҷûа취ʲô
ÿŵĿ˵ôĻҵҪ㵽жۼһн˽
ߺϵȻʧˣתߺоԼ֮ϵȻӵĽˡ
ԷӵԶĸߺϣڸߺ֮һһͷԷС
ƾܹסңҿҲ̫߿Լˣ˵ţߺ֮б˿˿
Ǻڸߺ֮Уһ۳ģסԼһģһ˶Է֮С
ž
ѵĲϵĴӸߺܴȥǸ꾪ķ֣ԼеȻĹѣһԼ
ߺһһЩϢʹӸߺ֮ɢߺһץסǰǸԼλöϵĺ
ԣӲҵĺʤһ˵ţ˽е
Է֮ɱһܹܵԼķڸߺ֮ȫʧȥϵߺ֮иոɢϢǷ
УҶϣԷбһķ򣬶ԷѾףԼ˫ͷųˡ
ǣߺĺøߺ֮򣬼ϲ۶ɵģںϵһӵзǱѰļ͡
һ£ĶǸʥļˣǣʨ˵ոͬĻ
ʵͬòҪŶȻĻɾĲˣʨ׼΢Ц¶һŽ׵޳ݡ
ʥ˫ֽ˽ɶǿɲҪˣʮķΧ˺ǼСү͵
һֱҺϰߵΪ˵Ҳûд˺ǼСүߺ֮󣬿˵
ʶ࣬ڷſң¸ҿٸͷҾ㲻ۼ֮󣬷ţмĿŸߺ˵
ߺԷЦˣ֪˵˲˺㣬ȴû˵ɱ㣡
ʲôôĵӣΪƾأ򣡡ԷһӰпʼĳ֡
Щһ֣Ϳʼ˺ҧߺеĺǸߺĵЩڿҧʱ򣬾Ȼϵı⡣
ʱƣⷽԲף꣬ߺҲԷΧ˽ȥ
𿴶ԷΧСǷŵ½ʱһĴ½ҪԷ
Ҳ֮е̫֮ǿˣҲ˵ķʮֵǿԲֺ
Ҫ˵Ҷʩչˣߺϱֻ棬Ըߺ˺ҧ
ߺȴûʲôЩԼ֮ߺ˫һҲܳʱûʩչˣҵҪҵ򣬱˼ˣ
˵ţߺܿʼϵתɫɫ³ɫһ죬һ
ɫĴЩУһɢӰ٣ɫĴ
ȴЩǸߺ֮Щԩһԩı֮бŷЩȥ
˵ԩǲ̫Զ𣬼ʹ꣬һԩĶ֡
οЩԩ걳󣬻иߺ֧ⷽԮ
ԩǿߺݺݵײһǸߺԷײһĲͣĴطܲȥ
ԩꣿ֮дûܹԩ꣬Ǹѡˣԩһ˲䣬ڰб꣬ȻչֳԼӰһ˵ţһߺٵĿ
ٶ֮죬ߺͷӦֻоǰӰһͳԼ֮⡣
ԷԼ֣һɢǿĲײɢĲҪǿ
ǲͽߺԷָƵˡ
ߺɳȥһѪ˳ԷǸۼҲܣͬɳȥ˵ɲɵģײһʯϡ
䡭
춯صǸۼ˲ɢߺˣ⡭ӦòҵĴɣ
ǸʥҲһ£оԼǷ޾Ŀɬ
ǲ̫嶯ˣ⡭ϱ˵ı׼ɣ
ʨͷĺߣ⻹бˣҪ㣬Ҳô̫ɾˣʣ
еˣϷԵһĻ֪˵ʲôãʱʥȻ˫ͨĿߺ
Է֮вϵɢĲ㣬ȥɣ
ʨڹעʢЦĳǹˣû뵽ԷȻȻعˣҲǣԷ״̬ô꣬һǿҲȻ׷Ӧˡ
ʱ򣬸ߺĻ꺣֮һֲ˹ˣĸˡ
ߺҲعС˲ԭس֣ԷĲˣҿֻǱԵСһѪ֡
Ѫֵʱ綼·ֹˣΨǵѪٵ½ȥһ̣һޱǿߺСǸʥ˲ʧԭء
һӰ˲֣˭˭ɱҵѪ
ǷߺһȦȦɹʯһɲǼ䣬ȫĩ
ܹ½Աߵʯɳģ漶ܰ쵽Ȼһˡ
ôˣһ漶Ӱӣ˲֣˵ǰɫࡣ
Ǹոڵ½֮УЩһʱ䣬ҵѪҲɫѾڵһĵزˣ͸ƵģΨһһľǶͷû


704 ҵ
ߺǵֵǣţоԼһƬ֮УʲôˣҵϵĴӸߺ幥
ҿߺ֮⣬ӵǵ½һصԲûбЩӵлû޵ڡ
Ϊʲô˵޵أޣ˵ûκ塣
棬ûûû֮еκ
ЩصֻڣûκĴڣֻҪһڣ֮еͻԴԴϵıصա
Щصһݱһ˵壬ͻԴԴϵո֮ӵʲôᱻա
ֱ˵ޣЩµڿռ֮Ʈ
֣ڼĵ½֮УⶫĴ𣿡ߺȻ屻סˣԼ˼뻹ǿԻġ
ģ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ǰڸֳˣһƬһĴ½Ǽ֮еģлɫĴء
ɽˮӦоУͨҰޣߺȴоһ˿ͬǾǰڸߺȻʼ֮еϵ
ߺ壬ͬһǣȥھֻһ׵ĸ߿գ߶ȶԸߺͲʲô
ǣƫƫߺԼ֮ʱȴ֣Լ֮еܵ˺ǿѹơ
ָоǱڰ׶ʥס࣬ΨһͬľǣߺԾɿԸԼ֮еѾˡ
䡭ߺݺݵ;УĿУһ֮󣬲̳֮˳Ŀӱϡ
أ桭ߺ˫˵Ӳ֪Ϊʲôҵܲˣ
ʱԱߵ֮Уһߴ׵ӰȻ֣˵ϣ֮ϣͷ­ڹâ֮£
С岻ǸߴɶΪʲôֻ˰ףߺ˵
С˻Լͷ­˵ѹƸصĵ
ţǼʨأߺʵҹۿûпʨӰ
СҲҡҡͷҲ֪ոյ뵽ҵ֮Уһ꺣֮еĴн⿪һ֣
ǹʲô飬ǵͷȮһֲãߺε˵ۿܵ
ôһߺˣڿеʱ򣬻ûиоʲôϾӾĲ죬ǣ棬ԼԱȣߺŸоеĲͬ
νĸʵɽ壬濴ʱ򣬾ȻߴһٱһСڸߺǹ֡
濴СɿɰҰޣȻСһͷСĸ߶Ȳ࣬ǰ׵ĸ߶ȣߺֲܷУԷֻԼͷ
Ǹʵɽ壬ߺ޷ͨԼ۾޷棬ۣ֮ͨҲܹѡ
ңпܲƬ½֮ߵɽڸߺģߺоֻƬ½ıɽһǶѡ
ĽǱ棬ңЩҰ֮УȻûбʲôǿϢȴøߺľս
Ȼߺ£ȻֻǸߺ˼ģʵҪս֪֮ġ
Ͼս֮УߺǷǳǿģǷ򣬾תսֵĴڡ
ǵ֮Уصĵҵӵкܶոոߺҵ֮ӵеġ
СڸߺԱ߱˫ĿԼԺ֮еϢйƬ½˵ȫ˵˳
ԭһΪĴ󲿷֣Ĵһ
Ĵм䣬ǻҵشĴ֮еκһκһĴڣҲŵ֮ûе
ͱոЩĴڣ֮ûеڱĽ綼ûӵйĴڡ
ǸʲôǲӦڼĵ½𣿡ߺڳ׵ˣɻĿܣôܵʺĵطأ
СĽͣߺȻˣطֱΣأΣ̶Ĵй֮޲
ߺո뵽⣬͸оһɾԼϮȻʶʲôڸոյʱǵԼԱ߲ԶĵطһҰޡ
ǸҰ޴ԼԳģֻͬǣڶԷıһᣬͷʮ׳ĳǡ
ֻҲʮ׵ĳȣ¶ڿ֮УɢԼĺâ
ԷϣҲһӲСǣߺݺݵߺһæܣǣȭͷʵ̫ˣԲؾ磬ݺݵߺ崸
Ȼܶ㿪ǾֻӲˣߺ˫һ뵽ʼڸߺϲϵۣڸߺȭͷϡ
ֻһ˲䣬ߺȭͷϵĺ۳˺һ޴ĺȭͷڸߺϡ
䡭һޱǿĳɢȥֻһ𣬸ߺȭ磬ʹǿ֮УҲܹһ󲨶ܹͨĸг롣
½֮УܹСֻܹһѣ˶ѣûʲô̫á
ǣԷԼӴ壬ȴһȭͽߺĺȭͷˣƬƬƬһ˿˿ķڿ֮С
ߺӰͲ֪ȥǸԳһҰ޵ȭͷ˸ߺոյλá
ˣûʲôɣС󾪿ֵԱ˵ո˵Ķ̫ˣСûзӦֱ顣
ˣҸոæŽ˵ûӦû뵽ڴֵزˣǶĴģģǵһᱣõģСɥԼ
ôԷ񣬶оһ˿ЦĴأЦǸİôоһ˿Σ
Сո˵𣿾ƾ飬ôܽһأߺ洫һ˿˿ĺȭͷð
ǺϵΧȭͷʼת˲ͽǸȭͷˡ
ɣߺĺǺ˲飬ǱǸȭͷȻһ˿˿Ѻۡ
໡
Գŭȭͷ̶̵֧СţϵͷŲͬ˷ʼʩչ
ؾȻʼѷ죬ڿлûͷĺѸٵĽ뵽Щ϶֮Уĸߺȫˡ
ߺܹͷźҪͷŵľЩ򣬸ߺԪ޷ͷųԼ֮⡣
ǣһ֧ͷųߺ嶼оʼѿˣһ˿˿صϵԼ֮дݣоԼ嶼ķһʹ


705 
ɶҹڸߺ棬ʼ˲ĺӲĽǸȭͷ϶ȥ
ҵ磬ߺȻһԱߺѾܾûˣԴӸߺԼʵûùԼԱ
棬ûܹԼֻܹԼıɡ
ߺȻе֮УһԱϵĴһ󺮷˲ϯܡ
ܱһ˿˿İɫɫĺߺĮսʱ򣬸ߺûбԼ֮еȫ
ڲͬˣΣʱ̣ߺԪֲܹãڵĸߺֿܹģҲֻиߺĺˡ
ڸߺϲ㱬ɫ֮ɫ֮
һһףڸߺ֮ϳ֣ߺ˫ۺȻʼɫԭߺ˫ֻкɫû۰׵Ĵڡ
ߺͷȴֻаɫûвӰ˿ĺɫ
ڣߺ˫ȴָзҲǺڰģôһ˿ôһ˿
ǿ򣬱죡ߺ˵ڸߺЩڰɫĺʼһһ׵Ŀתš
ߺб³ôһ֣һƬɫĺ˲뵽Ƭռ֮УԷԳѸٵ
һ㺮֮֮ڵ
Ҫޱȵǿ֮ڵʮֵӴ
ǸԳ֮ڵٵʧţ֮ɲô򵥵ġ
ǣߺĺ֮л̺ŲһĿʼԷ۶ԷôѹԼ֮еĺûа취ȫѹȥ
ȥܵɫôˣô쵽ģСĿܣ˵
ߺǺڰ׷˫΢΢һУһЦҪ찡˵̫ðˣ
ߺ˵˳ǺɫĺȻʧȫ뵽ֻԳ֮УԼˡ
ȻʼùǴ۵ĹâСԼ˫ۡ
ߺ˹ϿȥԲһƬѾҵռסˣǴ棬һģ
ߺ仰û˵ǽԼȫ򣬽ܵ磬תԼ磬ҲԼ
ֻвͬľǣƬ֮бֺ͸˽֮
ңһɢģ֮Էָ֮Է
֮Է
ΣˣˡȥԷҲѾڵĲˡ
Ǹߺڸߺǰʱʱ򣬾ϵģȻñ貹Լ
ģȻģǣߺȴеһ˿øߺеƣ룬ѸٵĸıԷأ
ҲǸߺһֳԣǴβԣߺ֣Ȼָߵ
ǣܻһļޣɢָٶȣּޣʹʥߣҲԻܲ˵ġ
Ϊǵıһڶء
ȻҲǷǳǿС磬ҲԻᾭߺڡ

գ֮䣬ڰɫΣߺһͷˣԷԳȴվǡ
˫֮͸¶ϢǶԷֳ
ңߺͨԼ֮۷֣Է֮еȻʮֵĻң·ڻĶԿ
һǼѹһǼԷѾȫĻˣ֪ãѹһºá
ڣԳѾûеֿߺˣֻŵԼ֮ңһ˿ûС
ߺЩпٶȻһЩҵķ̫ˣǿһЩܹﵽĵز¹ң㹻ԱġܹһЩֱܹԷ֮еĻȫһԷҲһѡ
һ˼СȴǲһеĳȥſԼͷ­ڸߺ㵵֮УȻһڿڵĽǸԳʳˡ
ڷʳĹ֮УԷϵǿٶߺԼÿ־塣
ʲôҵ籾ԴٶȱҿֲˣֻҵͷȮһѣ
Сһ߲мĿŸߺһæſʳǰʬ塣
ߺҺܲ죡
˵ţתͷȥСԶʱ򣬾ԲС˵Ϊ̫ˡ
ͷ­ĳŶҳԵѪģͷˣ굽˶Է֮пʳȥˣһͷȴԼ˵
֪ܿóǵͷȮ֪ģΪһĲ֮ϣֳһֻԳء

Ǹߺҵĵʮ죬ʮ֮УߺϵҰޣսǶೡƽÿ춼һ
СǳʮδͣСʵҲ˳ɳ˵ۼĵزˡ
ʮ֮ڣߺС˽⵽ϢЩݸСģֻڸߺһ󲿷ֵϢֻǽС죬ݸԼ
ҲǴݸ⼫δ˶ѡ
ǲ½ϣӡǵͷȮӡģСѪǵͷȮѪ
ҲڰɣΨһԿ׾ǵͷȮѪǹ˸ߺ֮⡣
еˣΪһ籾Դӡڵ½ĳһλãΪڱĵطӰ켫籾Դ֮棬ϾҲбԴ
еҲɵҵ棬ΪҴ½Ĵ˵˿ǿ
һɱԴ֮ͻ᲻ϵײ˵Դ֮籾Դ֮ĽʹҲ
ǣе˶С˼Ѿǿ󵽷˼ĵزˡ
ȻԼĺıԴ֮׵ķӡסˣУҲڷӡ״̬
ߣģȴζȥ
Ψһ֪ģҲĸͷȮ
˵Ǻѡߵ֮أֻд棬ҵϢܹҵıԴ֮
Ҳ˵ʵлУ֮ǲʸ⼫Ҳǻá
ңڵ֮Уˣܹʣ꣬һܹ棬Ϊԭĵط
Ҳǹĵط˼ǻɢһʶڡ
ǾΪʲôСҲҪΪҲеͷȮ
ӡԱߣһػ
ҲСҪģǽⲿִУԼɳһزϣܹߺߺĵز


706 
֮УߺĿ˺ֵܶ滹ħĴڣҵΪҵʲôֶС
ܶߺûмǿ磬ҵѾһˣ֮ǰģߺ뿪½Ѿһˡ
ʱ֮ڣߺҲõ˼Ѿǵۼ۷ˣӵзǳǿʵ
浫ǻ۵˵Ȼһģߺ²ΪԵʡ
治һˣҲиˣߺȫǵۼĴڣûгԽۼĴڡ
ӦǴͽʱ򣬱䵽һİɣֻʺϵۼ棬ȻûʥߵĴڣߺԼҲǺ
Щ˵һԣǾǸߺĹͨԡ
ڼ䣬ߺҲһˡҵۣ֮飬ԷļˣֻΪĳԭ򣬲ӵط
ͨԷĻߺ֪˵ֻҲ֪ʲôʱʼģҲγɵʱ򣬾԰ɡ
Ȼᷢڷ˵֮Уߵ֮Уϡ棬Ͼȼһľ磬еķȻȻȻӰ硣
ķͬڸߺķγ֮󣬹̶סģͲǸߺߵķܹȵġ
Ǽܸıķͳˣеļ
ͬʱߺӶԷҲ֪߳ƺĲ
ŵ߾ǿԽսߣ֮бĳƺţ罣ۣڽ֮ϵߣǻƼۡ
ŵǰ׺ƺŷֱǰƵĳƺһ˵ʵĽ׶ΣƽߣͶۼĳƺšXXۡ
ͨʵǿһ׶Σܹ׵ɱͨۼߣǻƼXXۣȻؼ켶
˵ǿ켶ŵߣԵֿסԼһܡ
˵켶ܵĵֿۣܹʥߣƽߵ˳˵һǧۼʥߵĶ֡
Ͼ߸Ͳͬһϡ
ҵڵĵȼԼǻƼۣܹ׵ɱͨĵۼߣߺڵĵȼԼۡ
ߺԼһ磬ƺǡۡ
棬ƺŶԼȡģȻҪԳƵһҲ⣬Ȼһͻ켶۵׷ɱ
˿̶ֳȣߺҲΪڵԼǵؼ۵Ķ֣˵һˣ֪֮ġ
ۣߺΪԼȫƺŶȡĻǾԷƱˡ
СȻ֪ĴǾСǲ֪ԸߺҲҵ򵼡
ԷϾǼ֮еũȻҵϾ֮Ҳһ˽⡣
ͨԷĿУߺ֪Ҫ߳Ƭ򣬱ͨƬ򾭳ʥߵѪ꣬ʥߵѪ̺֮ķ򣬶ڵۼкܶá
ԵģƬǿҲǳĶ࣬켶߸ǲ٣ǶǸطȴͻʥߣʥߵ
Ȼʱ֮УҲɱý׶Σʥ۷Ѫ֮󣬾ʥ򿪷ϵʱ
ɱ˵Ѫչޡ
ƬǳɫģΪۼѪĽ࣬Ƭظıˡ
ߺûȥȣоԼΪ켶ŻЩپǣ뽫Ƭһ飬ûӡıԴ֮
ҵҲоԼʵڶҲһЩڸߺԣܹ֤Լİȫ
оߺʮֵĿɽǲĻԷǱȽϺƵģһˡ
ȻǴĻͻữΪħ񣬴ϧҲûʴ֮ģֱԷɱŰݡ
֮ǰһһһŮӣõмɫҪջߺ
뼸˽˼֮󣬵ߺսʱȴˮҪߺ̵Լ֮ڻ뺮ƽ⡣
ȴû뵽ߺ׷ɱˣֱǸŮӹȥ׷ɱ˶ԷֱԷޣưոݡ

ͨЩµĲߣߺҲڽȴĵۼ½һ飬ȴûзκйԼϺƵĴڡ
СҲûиӦڵͷȮѪĴڣߺ϶Ƭ֮Уûķӡٵĸȥ
ڵʱֻʣһ룬ʱʮֵĽ˽ˣʲôΣգߺ׷Ī
ߺҵۿٵڵţٵķУҵȻӣǾߺı⾻ȫܹΪá
ţΪߺûʹߺоҲԲܹգϾ漶޿κεĴڣߺ֪Ͼ֮
վסҲͨĵۼɣߺСҵߣǰȻֳӰĿŸߺһС
ߺھԷ׵ĵطȻͣסĿŶԷܶԷϢԼǻƼߡ
ϹѵоλǶòͷ𣿡֮£һ㶼ҵ۳˵ġ
Էһ£ЦߣǿҲбˣ֪ǵ˭ǿ켶ۣ
ߺüͷ΢壬˵
Էߺںɫһ¾ͺ࿴һۣһȻӻͳһԲͲ֮жȥ
䡭еԲͲȻըһɴСĺ
⣬ҵ۵һࣺۣԷڽˣǡ
ߺ˰֣޷뿴Էܹʲô
ܹսʤ켶ۣȷϣ켶ؼԲƼ۵˾Ҳһ
ԼߣСҵ۶ǻƼۣԼҲۣͲþ¡
һӰԶʼչ֣գۼ˸ߺǰԷƼ۽׷׷׹
²μͷ죬ͷ죬ˣ۽ףңˡ
˾ȻͼӴף˵ߺ켶ۣҵ˫һŭȥ׳һƣߺˡ
Ͼ˼ҵĵ̣ڶԷĿУݵøߺ˵ģ˵ԷҲԲš
ǳıӵˣȻϣɱȻߺԷûѯʸߺ˼ֱӶˡ
ߺ΢΢𣺡ǹڣ˵ˣҲͲ˵ˣȥɣ
ȵȣвɱ֮ĳƺţɱۡԷ˵Լš
ߺ˫۵ĮһЦҵĳƺǡۣ
û˵ԼĵȼԷƺţûбŭ𣬺紵𣬸ߺѾǰڰ׺Ѹٵĸ档


707 ʥѪ
Сҵ۲ֹһοߺʩչһУȻ֪һеԶĵطӶݶȥ
Է׳գȴΪԼ˾ֵסһУͣԭûжֵȻǱˣߺһзΧǷԲɣͲֿܹġ
ʧʱ򣬸ߺҲͣԼĶԷ֮ϣȻ˺ֻۣǣЩ˺ֻʺɫûѪ
Ѫͱߺĺסˣ޷֮
⡭ʲôҡȻ޷ֵɱ۳ѪǱĺ֮С
ڳ׵۽׵ʱ򣬸ߺѾʩչˣڸߺʵ֮ǰ֪ˣʩչֱͬˮһ򵥡
ˣߺٶȼӿ˺ܶ౶ոֻһĹ򣬾Ϳʩչ졣
Ȼ޷öԷʧԷ壬ǲġ
һʬ֮Ʈ˳ĿŸߺ㣬ҵ³һҪҵ³ǧ򱶡
ߺЦһ£ðֻϧǣûиˣɣ졣
˵ˣߺӰǸĺ棬ԭߺ壬ȴʧߺɱ۵ꡣ
ȻǱţǣɱ֮󣬻Ȼڰ׵ĴΣȻ֪αĴҪˡ
֪Լֵܹܲסһ˲ӳԲ֮Ѿǲˣ˫һ䡣
ʹҲԲܣ˵ţ忪ʼͣߺײȥҪĻ꺣֮бըʹȥ
죬ƾ㻹ûʸʩչһУοҲֻһѣҪԱʡʡɣ
ߺոֻڲƭѣҪ֪ڵ֮У껹Ƿǳߵġ
ҲֻһУֹܹ굽ӴܣȻԷˣߺȻûбҪ˷ѷ֮ˡ
ߺҲɱ۵ȥҪײһʱ򣬸ߺȻԼ֣ڶԷͷϡ
һɹɵĺʼӸߺб˲ͽԷˣԷȻӲıߺķˡ
ʲôԭԱʮֵĴ󣬵ֻһ壬ң˼άΪǿҡ
ڶԷһɲǣԷȻоԼ˼άˣֵķ֣Լ֮еһֹͣסˡ
Ȼ׼ȥˣȫΪҵɣߺ˵İסһԷʧڸߺǰ
ߺ֮յԼĻ꺣֮е֮ˣ֮УΪʢģǽƱըġ
ңߺҲеˣ˵ʼˣǵۼûа취ֿ
ɴ˸ߺȷⶫض֮˵ȱġ
ߺҲٵĽУһѾߺԭĴˣվڰ֮УһеǸ꣬Ѹٵķ
֮ͽǱˣеˣɱѸٵڸߺǰߺ
Ǹߺôſһͽ뵽ߺ֮У뵽ߺĻ꺣ΪߺսȥΪ˸ߺһ֡
֮󣬸ߺֵķ֣ɱ۵ʬ壬ȻôˣߺҲʹҵСǳٵȥ
ûжã㿴˳һƬɫأѪζʮ㣬ߺǺ˺üڣȵԼ΢ϤһϢ
һ޾ĳɫռ֮жźɫѪߺһڣоֻ̺ЩһЩķ
ⷨΪǿΪ۷ۼУԾһ֣ЩҵķὫ֮ģ궼ڡ
Щڵĸߺʵ̫ˣҲûж飬Ҳûйá
淨ϢжԸߺõģŷԲѪܹжԸߺ֮һ˿ģٵĿߺʱԼġ
Ҳ˵Ϊ˷ʱľٶߺոսУ֮һƬƬʥѪ
֮УĳһƬɫѪţѪ̺֮ǿѪзԲɣҪһʥ֮еѪҲʮʥߵѪ
ǲѪߺͲ֪ˣѪĻǾ̲һˣ֮еѪһľڡ
̺ʥһ֮УΪǿķҪ֮ˣΪ
ߺ彫ȥʱһӰñȸߺҪٶȣѪ֮г彫ȥ̺֮ǸߺЩݡ
ǵؼۣȻĻԲͷųʱҵ۲֪ʲôʱѾߺˡ
ЩϧĿƬѪƣǿϧѪƱռˣܹգǾΪ
ߺ˫һУߣѪƱ֮ΪռݲռݣһƾԼʵˣ
ҵ֮һѲ񣬻ڶʳ򲻿ɵģŭ˶ԷǼҪ
ߺһЦʱֳӰȥĪǵؼ۽׵ΪȫǸߺսĴڡ
۽׳ڵʱȻܹ÷У⼸ӰӶܹ֤ԷķѾ޵ĽӽʥߵķҲ۷壬ϾҪĽˡ
ߺֻ׶ѣ۷ǾûдﵽģҲˣռԸߺ֮еѹҲӵĴôһ֡
棬Ҳ۽ؼ۽׵÷ˡ
ǣЩҪƫҪһأСһЩģ˵գߺ棬򱬷һԱڸߺ棬ߺĴţмٵķȥ
СȻǵͷȮ֮ǼսΪߺС¶Լݣ֮˶ϡ
Ҫ֪ͷȮδһֻҾϼѵĳõڶһʵ
ջ󣬻Ǻܹܵġ
ߺķٶȻԾǼֲиѪ֮гȥ
ûеȸߺ崥ѪƵĵزһǿߺ弱ٵĳһŭ
ССΪҹ
ߺоԼն챻˺ˣߺ˫һ֮еķı
˫ۺڰ׷ͷڰ״䣬ðźڰɫĺ
޾İɫȦӸߺ֮ɢ˳ȥ֮УȻʼٵٶ˺ܶࡣ
ߺҲٵǹ֮гȥ裡
ǸߺͨԼ۷ռϺģǱռ壬ѰЩĿ϶
ߺȻһ׶εĺ⺮̺˿ռ壬ߺһ߷ţһ㣬һϷţһڿŵתԼȥ


708 
ʲôԷͫһбߺӰݺݵ𺳵ˣûȻַܹʽԼ
ͻǹһ˲䣬ߺһ㺮ʱѸٵ飬žǸߺµһԱʼƣȻ˲顣
ҿʱߺѾһгЩϿʼֹѣ˿˿Ѫ͸˳ǶԷһ˿ڸߺγɵ˺
ֻһ㣬ȫܹ֤Է̫ǿˣߺ˼µĿռ壬ŽһУûȫ
ɨˣЩڸߺϣض³
ţߺڳѪƵһɲǣеĵۼ۽ȫ˹Ϊеؼ۽׽أһ֮£־Ȼֻһ۽׵ߡ
е˶Ŀ˸ߺһۣз׷¶һ˿ɱ˲ջȥˣΪߺֻѡ
ƾڸߺΪͲյǸʥѪټڵĸߺѾˣյĸͲܱǿ졣
ȻԼʵǲ֪ߺԼʵֻǰƽ۽׵ߵճ̶²ġ
ոնԸߺֵǸȴôŹߺĿŸߺܹһУǿ󣬲۽׾Ȼսң
ߺζһԼ֣ΪҾ̶ֳֻȶеǺ򣬶һطܹʥߵѪҺ˲ıըҳΪҪҪԣ
ߺĻԷһ㶣ɫ˼룺ʱһ
˵꣬Ѫ֮ʵԸߺĻŽɣǣһģѪʧˣͻΪʸ֮ء
ڸոոߺ˵仰ʱеһ˿һС˸ߺһԼ
ԼĻߺܹѪƱ⣬˵ʹøߺˣЩҲȺԼ˵ɱԼ
Ҫַ֪ΧʥѪǺģһֻ켶۽ײʸռ
ΪԭֺҲԲ䵽ǵϣͱ켶۽׸ռˡ
ߺ΢΢𣺡ԡ°ɣúյĻĿոŶ
ϿߺǲʵߺнŵĺܣʥߵѪô׾ܹ⣬ʵôڵĸߺѾ켶۽ˡ
򶨷öԷΪߺҲһ
ߺҲĵѪʥѪˣȻԷ˵ʱɱԼˣǾ;ԲʳԣϾ֮УĻǼٵġ
ʥѪûЩߴһнлָԼ֮еˡ
Ϊ֣Է֮УȻкϢЩȻʮֵǿ󣬵Ǹߺͻڵľ磬Щ˵˺෴ǲƷҲ˵
ڵĸߺڽһĲԼΪɹˣȻܹסԼԸߺ˵һõ顣
ͻʧܣǾζŸߺ
ߺԼһԼǸߺȴһֻвϵսǲŻĳΪǿߡ
Լëףһ˿ѪԼ֮Уߺ˲оһǿǿ뵽Լ֮УԼľҪűˡ
еϢøߺĻ꺣оԼĻ꺣Ҫѿˣû뵽һ˿ѪϢôǿ
ߺоԼڷԽԽˣȻԷĲǺ򣬵ǣ;ͬ顣
ȻԷķ򲢲Ǻ򣬵Ƕڷ⣬ȴŲͬڸߺĶ⡣
ߺ֮еΪ֮еѪ֮ӵǿĴڣߺΪʼһ
ǣЩǸߺעģעԼķûб仯ڵԪѾˣҴ½֮УܹԵеģҲǷˡ
ԼķǿĻ֪ʲôʱɱء
ԣڸߺ꺣֮еϢߺٵĿʼֽԼõϢߺķҲڿٵš
ٵĴ׷۷ʮѵģȻĻĵؼ۽׵ɣ
ߺʮӵʱ䣬ſЩȫϣߺ۾оԼķͿͻˡ
ԭߺķٽͻƲԶˣεͻƣߺķͲϾҪͻˡ
һۣڷٵΧѪڶԷľ֮УķʥѪڿٵʧ
ٶȣ֪ȸߺϰٱߺȲϵġ
ߺſȻ̵һѪѪʥߵ֮еѪԱ֮£ҲһѪ
ŸոߺڲյĿһĻ¾޷ٵͻƣʮؼ۽׵ٶһʱ֮䣬ܹȫϡ
ʱ򣬸ߺڲǸʱҲɣ䵽ԷУ粫һѡ
ӮˣԼ;ܹԵֿǵľ磬ˣҲԼ˵ѣдһ١
һѪߺ֮УٵĻΪ񱩵ߺ֮⣬ٴγ˵Ĺѣ֮е࣬ٵĳѺۡ
ǹʵ̫ǿˣϢҲʹøߺĻ꺣ʮֵʹߺͷ­ñԼ廹Ҫ
ߺ˫һŲϱ壬бѲҸߺڴ˵زɣ
ڸߺҪʱԼ֮УȻǿӲĽ֮סˡ
һһĺʼڸߺĻ꺣֮пʼϵΣȻ״ḥ̂ϵĿʼڿ֮ĥǸߺ꺣֮бϢ
Լ֮Űߺ̿ʼϵתĥ飬뵽ߺ֮УΪߺ֮еһ֡
䡭ߺȻоضƺˣԼ֮⣬ֻ⻷ȴ֮⣬ĸ⻷ϵĿʼ֡
ߺоԼ۾ӵһתٶȣӿ˺ܶ౶
ҿ֮ȻĻҪ򲻿ܵģߺгһ
ڸոգߺȻǷˣ֮УڲͣúԼ̿ʼᡣ
ؼһ۳ɹˡ
ߺ֮ϵƲϵĿʼǿߺȦΣȷһ£֡
ӽط򣬹Ȼǿ󣡡ߺ˫һУȵطȫɵʱ򣬾Ǹߺͻʥߵʱ
ڣߺķ֮ԭ֪ǿ˶٣һ˿ʥߵϢˡ
ߺſڣȫëȫĴ򿪣ϵѪ֮еʥѪͻƵ˵ؼ۽׵Ϊߺӵǿˣ̵Ĵڣٶȱʮؼ۽Ҫ졣


709 ʥѪ֮
޴Ѫţڸߺ˵Ľľ֮£ܾþʧһ룬ߺΪʱ֮ڣǱȹˡ
ˣ֮е˶ָĲˣڸߺյʱһѪƣȴȻʼٵмСȥ
ߺһʥѪϢȻøӵǿˣǿеľ缱ߺܵѹƣеǳǿܵĿռ䶼ѿˡ
飬ߺʵڲǺǣԱߵЩȴȫ˫ͨ죬Ƿŭ˷ܵġ
ʥѪ֮û뵽ƬѪ֮оȻʥѪ֮ĴڣУǸߺĵؼ۽׾ϲ˵
ߺһ£¶һ˿Ц⣺ʥѪ֮˰û뵽һʥѪ֮
ʥѪ֮ͬǰʥ֮еڣոǾ޴Ѫ֮УһʥѪ֮ûɵġ
ӴѪҺΧסǣܵѪҺʧˣֻʣʥ߾ѪˣʧȥͨİΧȻͻָԭ״
ֻǸոͻ˵ؼ۽׶ѣΪľͺǿ֪ȹߺǸ˫һ˵
ܵҲͬŸߺߣ۽׾͸ᣬôû֪֤֮û켶۽׵ˣûʵûбȥɣ
˲ɱʥѪ֮ǿǰʥ۷Ѫƣһֱͬˣ
һˣͶһΪã
ߺһЦҪɱңҵҪǲͣҵȷ˵ûʲôǣһȴӵУǾҵʵǾԱȲϣ
ۣո㹥ֵսһˣϣһͷʣУʮؼ۽׵վ˳ŸոչߺǸ˵
ߺҲ˸ոǸ˵֡ۡ
ţƺҲˮȣԽ˱ƺǲıߺһЦ
Ǳ۴˵սۣСҲñģ֪ʲôƺ˲ûпʼǺ͸ߺ仰
ߺһЦ㲻ԼĳƺҪһشĻҲ̫԰˰ɣ
СӣȻģȻ㲻ţʹȥɣԷٵĳſΪһϮ磬Ѹٵߺ
ߺ޶ԣֻôĿţڶԷ˫ƿҪĵߺһ̣ߺȻת
һתö˶ԷĹؿλãҲôڸߺǰֺݺݵȥĵԷıϡ
֮еķٵУ˲ͽǸ˱һ߱ڶԷûзӦʱĺʼٵ۳б̵̡
һļתԷȻôˣߺ˫һӸߺ˫֮бȥ˶ԷĻ꺣֮С
һڶԷ£γộٵת̣ŷĺâɢΧĹδɢҲ顣
ߺԾûдŹۼѾܹﵽĵزǽԷҲһˡ
ߺôȴţȴŽеƬһˣȻûʲôãǿʱĴԼ֮УСա
СԼ޺֮䣬СܹñԼǿڵѪ꣬Լ֮е
ҪҲǷǳĴ󣬱ϾСͷ­˵ꡣ
СҲһʵĴҪܶ࣬ҪʳȻȻҲ˺ܶࡣ
ֻһ˲ѣԷͱߺȫĽˣߺǿʼ¶һ˿аЦ
ʲôɱˣԷһߺ˫ۺȻúڰ׷ǣЩ̫ˡ
Ǵӻ߳һɫ͸¶ϢɫĲ֣¶޾
ǣʲô𣿡ڸߺҪյЩ꣬˵ЩʱԼǰѪȻһŤʧڿ֮УңʥѪ֮á
˵ߺҪ˵ĻȻֹͣסˣ˫һУʮؼ۽׵ߡ
ҵۿߺܣʮֵĿģ⡭ҿԽͣۡ
ߺûǵĴ򣺡סɣûд˵˵
˵꣬ߺ۾ֱŶԷʮؼ۽׵ߣ˫֮УڰɫĺâʼͷųܵĿռ̿ʼת䡣
һɫܷԲ֮ڣֱ˲ֱӣһɲǣɵĿֲĺڰֲָ
˫֮ҲԼķ޷͸ߺɢķǸ޷͸ȥߺķʮֵǿ
֮УκһҲԲĶ֣Ȼոչ˸ߺҲǱȽǿġ
ʵͲǿ󣬵ҲκһܹģԼҲĴ֮Уʹ㲻ǵһǿĵҲǵڶǿĵ
켶ۣǿû˸ΥĴڣǾԵĵ
ԷҪǣҲô򵥵ģϾͬΪؼ۽ףҪ˲佫ɱȴǲܵġʱһ˳
ԷǳۣҲǲ򵥣켶ۣ켶ƾеĴڡ
ۿ˿УǽҪɵѪ΢΢һЦʥѪ֮ýһ£Ըߺ˵ƴܾ˵ĳ棬Ƿֱһ£ն٣ͿǸ˵ʵȵˣսҲ԰
ߺǵЦԽԽã⣬һ㶼á
ûأߺӰ˲ԭʧٴγֵʱڶԷȺ֮С
˸ˣҵķ򣬲ͨķҾеֿ켶ߺһֱ˿Цݡ
ֻߺĻ֮˿ЦݿڶԷĿУᣬ񣬾Ǻ֮еһĨУȻȴ
ҵķǡ򡭡
ߺ仰ǲʱ˵һЦһǿûп˵ķһӵԡ
һǿ֮һȴ֪ߺ˵ȻԷ˵ôֲǱضҲǿġ
䡭
ߺ΢̣Щڶ̲סˣ׷ױԼķߺЩں˺ѵκһؼ۽ףߺֻ΢΢һЦ
ʮ죡ߺ˫ۺȻһڻ꺣֮еĹ⻷
Ȼѷâˣ׶Σķ򵽵жǿ󰡣ܵһ
ǸоԼȥڱѸٵᣬǸܵ켶۽׵ܣȻһ˿˿Ĳ磬ǻֻˡ
ǸоԼڽıҾԼ嶼ڶᣬһĺϣĸ֪𽥵ʧϵԼ֮ת


710 ɾѪ
ߡƾһ֮Ǵ򶷣ҿǻĲͷˣУһߺĺȻʼϵĶѡ
ֻе̫СߺĺˣߺķΣô򵥵ģƽ֮Уͱˣôֻһζѡ
ڼ֮е֮УߺΣҲ㹻е֮еһһƬκζҪԵı⡣
ǵӰȻʮֵǿ󣬵ǧ򲻸ãǲóʱ򹥻ߺʱܹһʱģϧǣߺ幥ȥ
ʮֵţԼ֮ȼյ棬Ƿƽ֮УܽĿռ䶼Ťˣ󺣣ٵһƬ硣
ǿˣԷԪԼ֮ϣϼٵۣ壬˲һ硣
ֻȴѡ˾ķǾǿߺΣյˣݺߣʮ꣬͵˵ؼ۽׵ǿߡ
һɫĹԷ֮ϣȼŶôôȵŭ𣬲ǻϢֶôȣٵıһ
״ûбı䣬ɻǻ棬ֻȴȣů¶ȶӵУֻй޾ĺ
е˹¶ֹԮĹ¶Уܶޱȵĺ䣬κεĻ涼ů˵ı䡣
ֱõ֮еĺ䣬޷κεĻ޷ܽġ
Ķˣʲô¶ܹܽأǰһͷ𺳣ԼӸ𺳣Ϊ꺣֮еΣȻûа취赲ͷڸߺ֮һ˿ķΡ
Ǻڰĺν뵽֮󣬾ͬһļ̣ͻصķΣֱõ걾Դ֮ϣɢŲĺ
˲俪ʼˣһͷͷʧʱʬ壬ҲȫΪʬ⡣
û壬ʬ壬ûһ˿ˣܶԷĲָܹԷϵ˺ۣǣȴǻָѾȥꡣ
εʬ壬ͬϴǸߺǸ˵ʬһҲʧڿ֮Уߺ֪ʬ嶼ȥʲôطˡ
˼֮£ߺĿ⣬ŵ˶ԷΨһߡ۵ϣָ߼֪ʶҵǲ֪ģϾԷҲǸոⲻá
۵屾ѾɱˣǱߺĿ⿴֮󣬺֮УԷȻһ󺮱ʼѡ
û뵽û뵽ȻܹһûݵЦţӶԷЦ֮Уߺ˲ڣǺԼǸߺԼڴ
Ϊ۵Ĵ󽫣Ƭʥ۷֮֮󣬱ۻἫĽӰߣʱƬ۽ǿ֮һˡ
ܶܵģûܹԺĳɾͻܹĸ󣬻кܳδҪߣ⡣
󣬸ߺĺѿˣߺոյǺȻЩ˶סˣֻǺɢĺġ
ǿģոյĳۣ۵ߺıҲ⿪ˣ۵ȴǡǡ෴Է֮еֵס˸ߺ
ȵߺΪԼѾûл֮ˣ취øߺעʱѡ
û뵽ߺȻԼһҲνģǣȴһ˿Ϸʵ۹⣬֪ˣߺ֪Լûбס

ϵĺһأվ˳ĿŸߺΣҪߺոձֱ̫ǿˡ
ڶԷķ֮£ԼȻʸûУһ֮£ԼûֻƴסԼ֮ǿķԵֿ
ҲסԼѣûʲôʸ񷴿ߺ
ĵΪ̸еż㿴ܣ֪ˣߺϷʵһЦԷܡ
ҲܣڷˣԼԱߣûһӰӣȫʧˡ
ۻȻ򣺡ôˣֻʣԼˣֲãֲᷢأ
ߺ˫۱䣺˵գ˵˵ط˽⣬Ϊʲô˵ˣȻʧȥƬֻ·ɢƬ֮У
ߣΪ棬κεʬ嶼ʧؼ۽ϵѪʧ֮󣬾ͻΪ֮еѪƣ֮µ󣬾ͻֱ͸Ƭ֮У
ţ
ҪȻΪƬ֮еʥѪôģǶʥеĳȥʥɵġ˵Ǹ߰ĿŸߺм˵
ߺ˼ĵ˵ͷǲпᰡⱻȾɺɫĳ򣬺ͲϳֵѪƣҪ󣬲ɵİ⻹һƬ֮е󣡡
ǵȻ㣬ǲпģ㻹ôǾ硭ûзӦʱһѾ뵽֮ˡ
ҿٵ뵽˶Է֮˺ֻҪߺһͷԷҪεĻ顣
Լ˵ˣһпĵطǷȥǲΥķ𣿡ߺһ˿аЦ
ھֵĿ֮УԼڱԷķν뵽Լ֮УԼ㻯˺
˵ҲʲôϾҲǺߣǸߺĺǱѰǿ
һһ˺ﶼ޷֮뵽֮Уͬƹ֮ޣ֡
Էʬ壬Ҳʧռʱ򣬸ߺ̧ͷϿȥʥѪ֮Ҳ۳ɹˣʣʮʥѪ֮ƯڿС
ڿƯʮǳһɢԼһɹǿϢɢһصһһѹȥ
ߺڿзţ֮еĿռͷųѹ˺ܶ࣬ߺʱ˺ܶ࣬ЩԸߺ𵽵Ѿˡ
ȻΪʥѪ֮ƣôǿ󣡡ߺ㵵뵽
Ѹٵĳ棬㽫еöѪ˳öССһȥ֮忪ʼ˰ŵѪζĺɫ֮С
һöȻǸҵۣȻԼԷཻǶԷ벻ϢĸԼ࣬ôҲ˵ȥ
ңԷҲԼܶɻǱɡ
ҲҿͨʥߵѪʥ۷Ѫ˵ʥ۷ѪҺڵĻƼҵֿܹġ
ߺһھͽʣǾöѪ˿Уǿ뷨ϢһŸߺꡣ
֮£ߺʵٵ
һ죬ߺɵһöѪͬһĹ򣬸ߺɵöѪһֻĹ򣬸ߺɵöѪ


711 VS
֮оѪĸߺΪѾͻƵһ˼ĵزˣߺоԼѾͻ׷۷壬뵽һˡ
ֻߺ֪ǣһ絽ʲô磬Ľ׷ǲǳΪʥ𣿻ôΪ켶۽ף
ѲɣԼͨģߵĳɾҲֻܹǵؼĳ̶ȶѣ
Ȼڸߺֻ׷۷ѣƾǱȳ˵ԣߺڵʵܹһɱؼ۽ˡ
֪ʵ㲻켶۽ףϾΪֹߺû켶۽׵
ߺЩȲǰˣҪЩ켶۽ףжôǿԼڵ㲻켶۽ס
۷֮˵ǽˣԼڳΪʥߵʱľֻǵؼ۽׶ѣ˵ԼҲˡ
ǾҵЩӡٵΪһܹԼ֮òࡣ
Լ΢ЩʵĻǸߺʵϾΪǿʵϲȥҲǰ״һѡ
Ϊ˵ȻԪľΪˣʵȻ˵ľǷˡ
ߺ˷ʱ䣬ֻϧСҵۻûϣߺֻܹȴˣȻȴڼߺûš
ԼΪѾ˵ؼ۽۷ˣȻҲǸӵǿˣߺڴһЩܹӳԼǿ
Ҫһ£ԼĻ꺣֮Ȼ̣ǸߺȴûгԹͷųγô˻ᣬߺҪһ£ôܹٶȣ̴ԼĻ꺣֮ͷų
Լֹ֮ڸߺʮǿĲϯ֮󣬸ߺ֪СҵѾɹĽˡ
ҵСѾɹĽΪ׵ۼˣΪ࣬ʵȣȻСʤһˣ֮ɢĲܹ֪һ
ߺһУٴ̤̣ٶȱԭʱ˺ܶ౶ҵ۶ԸߺζĪ˺ܶ౶
οŸߺƺʲô£ԷܹõսƷָԼʥѪ֤֮ԷС֮ˡ
͸Ӽᶨҵ۸ߺ֮ģҾһ𵱣Ϊ˸ߺΪС
ߺȻ֪һЩҪ֪ˣ»һ񺮰ɣһŮôĽߺ⵹ǺǣӦһеİɡ
ڣ֮󣬸ߺͣסԼĲǸߺˣǸߺܵǰкܶǿϢĴڣһϢ֮ͬһ㡣
е˼ǿľȻ켶ۣǵԵְߺ˫΢΢һУ
˺ܶߣȻǵؼ۽ףǶǸߺһ֮Уߺһ
ڻֵ߳˷ܰĵѪȻƽ޹ʵıƽ˺ü˷ܵԼӸ㵸ˡ

ͬǱۣ۴ˣӦô죿ҵվڸߺСĺ棬ĵʵ
ߵ֮УûȡسƺŵģǣЩһ֮ͬһ㣬ݡ
ߺûżش𣬷ʵô뷨˵Ҳģ
ȿȡһˡҵۿߺѯʣԼңֵļ뷢Լ뷨ǺȻʶʲôԾ
ߺĿҲȫˣС󶼾Ŀ
ߺԶˣô˵㲻һеˣ
ҵ۶ˣ꣬ûôʲôºˣһͳˣ磬еģǴүǶ
ߺһȻı飺Ҷȫö˵ˡ
⣬ҵ۵ǷģֻӸߺ֮УôоߺǺأ
һ֣ߺȫûҵ۵˼ٵʧԭأǿߵľۼ֮سȥ
Ϊ֮еһԱȻ˺Լĳƺͬˣֻһ
ߺٵͣ˰УֹڸڰУɢźڰɫĺĿǰĿС
ߺͬ߶ȵĵطԼվʮߣߺܵ˶ԷϢؼ۽׵ϢͬҲ֤˶Է϶ʮ켶۽ס
Ϊɶߺô϶أ̫ˣгɽһĵؼ۽׶ڵվأܹǵģ켶۽ףûκˡ
˭ȻһͣڰУ»ûʸɣʱһݵӰ濴ߺ
ߺܹܵԷ֮ɢǿƣȷЩؼ۽׿ȵģһˣȫɱʮۡ
ߺȴоطҪɱԼô򵥣пܱԼܡ
Ǳۡߺûֱ˵õһ仰
Ȼߺ仰Էе˶Ϊ֮ݣҲǣ׷׿ߺĿһ˧˵ϡ
Էڸߺ״̬һƯڰУðź·ɫ뺮ɫȴͬ
ۣ㾹ȻԳƱۣǸɫ۵˳ȻĿŸߺɢɫĺͷɫġ
⵹øߺɫһЩľԵĺ
һЩˣ岻һֵһʣпܼһЩۣˣ岻Ǻʣһһ˿ľԡ
ߺüͷ΢壺⵹ЩѰˣû뵽Էһ˫ƣеκһ֣Ҷ£ȴƫƫľԣ
ȶԵϣˮľϣԷˮѾɺԣȻǸʤһ
˫һȻߺԱߣ־һǿĺߺȥ;Ŀռȫ˺
ߺûйĵֿͱԷĺסˣһȦȦԼΧ֮У濴ߺѾûзĻˣȫıˡ
ȴôúŪģԼĺԼȻܹܵһԼסԷĺ֮УûմȾԷϵһ˿Ϣһصͣȥôƾʧˡ
ʲôһ㣬뵽۾ܹȷߺضûܵԼѹơ
ߣȻ㲻˵Ҿʹ˵ǧƣ۵ĬĬ߶ĺϱߺٵķȥ
ڷɵеʱǺٵΣһ˸˺ѸٵĴӿг֣ǹꪸṳ棬Уÿһ涼̺żΪǿ
ÿһܹɱһؼ۽ǿߣڿ֮Ѹٵתٵķߺǰ;֮еĿռ䶼һϸСѺۣȻܿˡ
ǺǣȻǿ󣬾Ȼô˼£Ժںˣǣ˹רһ
ߺЦ˵֮֮ȻͷųĺγһԲܣǰıҲȫֵ۾ķ֣ԼĺоȻûκεá


712 ɾ켶
켶۲ûΪߺֵסԼԵ̫ľ죬ԵʮֵƽĿŸߺûһ˿쳣
ߺҲ˫һУԷΪ켶ۣԷĺΪ̫ȻĻԼˣҲԵôˡ
켶ҲߺĺΪе𾪣벻ߺıȻôǿ󣬾Ȼ¾͵ԼԷҲô
켶ۿߺ˫һУ֪ߺҪ֣ڸߺȻǺܵģ۷ʥѪžҪˡ
һ֣Լﵢʱ䣬ͻᵢԼͻʥߣǾǵϼ֥ˣͻʥߣͲñƺˡ
ԣһͻƣǶԷǲǳƺۣ͸Լνˡ
켶һ˵ǿУЩ켶۽ױ뿴ֵģǿпȥʶĿС
ߺԷĶȻԷôģԷڵ۷ʥѪš
ǴʥѪţߺԼҲڵģҪ֪϶ûм籾Դ֮Ǵε۷ʥѪţ֪ԼʲôʱٵȵһΡ
ԸߺҲ׼ΪܸоԷ̫ĴһʱѷʤһԸߺΪ
ڻ֪۷ʥѪŵж٣ߺҲҪڰеȴ۷ʥѪš
ߺڰһ壬Ǽ켶۽һ壬е߶ûаֵķӦ
Ͼ˼Щ켶۽׵ߣĬ˸ߺĴڣǾ֤ȷ켶۽׵ʵ
滹в۵ˣһؼ۽׵ߣߺܹڰдţΪԼȥУЩ켶۽߲⡣
ԣ˲𣬲ӭģһӰ˺ѿռӰ˲õϣûеȷӦը˷飬ʧڿռ֮С
ߺмĿǸʧĵط
ˣԲֵͬ飬ȻϵǺõģȴ֪ԼＸҵĶֻ
Էһȣ̺ܶ˶ͣסԼĻ˼Ƕ֪ˣߺǵȷϿɵʵ
ҪȻǾԲߺȴġ
ߺɫȻûʲôڰ֮ĿߺڿԼʵ
⼸˵ʵʵ̫ǿˣ͸ոյǵӰȻûиո켶۵ıǿ󣬵ȴҲԶ
Է棬е˶ǿ󣬼ʹǿҪֳʤҲһʱ̵飬ô˶ԸԼ˵ԼҪǱӴˡ

ʱһʱ֮кȻʼŤǿռ伱ٵŤһ޴ܿʼɢĵؼ۽׶׷ױѹƵ̧Լͷ˵ˡ
ߺԼҲסǹɼΪǿǣ嶸Ȼ½֣Ǳѹġ
ߺһе켶۽׶׷׵½һ֣ǲû½̫ࡣ
ȸߺ½ȶСе߶ĿˣȻ𺳸ߺʵҲ׷ˣߺʵЩ켶۽׸߶ˡ
Ӧûϼ֡
Щ˶ԸߺĿߺ֮ԱǣͲںԼոֻǽѡ
Ǹߺߵʱ򣬾͸ٹ̵սʽˣЩ߼һһŸ߼սʽ
ֻԼӲʮԼһַңȻǿһЩǣȵڱƵʱ򣬾ͻܵѹơ
ߺǳȥ֣Ⱦжǹɾ޴ѹ
ͷų֮󣬾һŴԼԲһĺƳڿС
ߺܿóǲĺɫǼµĺɫ˺ɫҲֻǿɫѣȴǺɫġ
ߺǸոճȥֵ壬ǹѹʧԼϣ֮е˲ıѪƷȥ
켶۽׶˸ߺֹʮףҲǸߺжá
г̣ͬȭо룬ԽԶȭͷԽȵһޣͻȫʧ
ߺ㣬ȵԼʱ򣬾Ȼʮס
Щ켶۽ɫڣû뵽ߺˣҿߺٶȣԼ˲١
ЩӳԼʼѹԵսȻʲôսɣҲûսɡ
ǲ׸ոոߺô˼Ϊߺٶȿء
ٵۣԷٶȱҪ찡еĻ۳ЦĿ֮Уٶٶȡ
ٶ˫һֻСٶٿ죬ҲԱȲң
ʵǶˣߺٶȱٵ۲죬Ϊߺνʹٶȣٵ۲֪ȸߺ϶١
ߺ˲ͽ뵽Ѫ֮УߺǰһƬѪѪȵζøߺжһķţеǿߺϢ
ߺȫëȫſѪô뵽ߺ֮У뵽ߺʱ򣬸ߺͽԼƽ
ΪеĿֻţôߺóóȻͻ˲䱬ըʱˡ
ˣȴûΪͶʮֵϤˡ
ߺ֮еʼѸٵᣬЩǿϢҲѸٵĽ뵽ߺĻ꺣֮Уߺ֣ЩϢߺȻһʱ͸
ߺιرԼеëףǿ֮еѪȫ˸ߺ壬ߺصоϢ֮ке⡣
ģߺϢԽԽߺķҲʼڣߺܵĵȦ⻷ڲ˸ˣǾôֹ
Ǹߺƽķ⻷һôֹͣ˸ߺĻ꺣֮УƽĹ⻷ûʲôһ
ߺ˫âѪ֮У˲ıӡסˣǣЩѪʱ򣬻ûܹԷֿ˲ͱԷˡ
ߺ귨Ȧٴκԭԭе̬
ǲһ㣡ߺи̾Ȧγɵʱ򣬾ǳɾʥ׵ʱ򣬸ߺڵûе̶ֳȡ
Ҳ˵ûеʥߵĵز˵Ҳⷨγ
ԽǿĻȦҲԽӵγɣǣԽγɵķγ֮ҲԽӵǿΪγɹ֮ʮֵļѣγ֮Ҳӵʵ
Լ棬γķȦԶԵС
ҲǸߺʱܹγɵΪߺķʵ̫ǿˣߺĻʮֵʵ
ڣڴﵽ켶۽ˣЩϢ˵Ѿûˣȱٵľˣ
ߺţĿŵѪ棬ЩŬš


713 
ЩˣȻԼǲܹķϢԴԴϵĿʼգʮֵ̰Ѫ
ߺһ棬ûʲô̫ãֲãֲôʱˣôε۷ʥѪţȴû
ΣߺٴеһѪٴеε֮ǰȴǸߺ洦ԽԽˡ
ȴߺķ̶˲١
ߺվԼ壬ܿȥЩпϢ˵ѾûˣǾͳΪıɣ
˵ţߺԼ꺣֮е㣬֮д֮
ѪʼԴԴϵʧڿռ֮У뵽ߺĴ֮УߺҲûţٵЩʥѪ
ȻԸߺķѾ𲻵ʲôˣǶڸߺԼΪһõġ
ⷽԲһѪţٵСΪԲʥѪŵļ켶۽ȴˡ
׷׿ߺ˫֮бһɱ
λѣѪǴҵģԼģգѾǵĵˣôǷ𣿡У˵˫֮һĻ˸
ܵĿ̷ߺ΢΢̣ǵģ˭涨ʥѪžǵģѲʲô֤ݲɣ
֤ݣ˵ô죿˫֮жŭһĻбŷ
ǲǲ÷չߺǿ۷ʥѪ֮Уǵķһ뿪Լ壬뵽ʥѪ֮Уͻܵʧ
һ÷Լ֮ϣԸߺչⲫսĹء
ţȷߺһ˿ϷʵЦݣⲫսߺɲе־壬෴оʮֵС
սԭͱȽǷȱߺսɶԼɱ֮УᵽģսɣԭǸߺǿ
̵ܹʱ֮ڣԭǸߺǿ
ߺûеˣ̧ԼĽŲٵԷƶȥϵЦԽӵĲˡ
ɶϣոǸȵˣĳƺȵۣȻ˵ǿҲԲĴڡ
ԷٵĿߺϲ˷һߺ幥ȥߺụ̂Ҳû÷ΣҪһ£Էĳ̶ȣʲôĵز
ڵؼʱ򣬸ߺԵֿ켶ߣڸߺǴ켶ˣߺҪһ£ԼԷ˶١
ŶԷȿٵԼߺϿʼԷķ򣬾Ȼ֮
ϣҲַڵģ˵ǿĵĪǸǴʹࡣ
Ҫ˵ڷ֮УǱȽǿĴڣڿߺʱ򣬶ԷѾԼķȫϱˡ
һɹ𶯵Ϣڸߺϣߺûб鲼򣬾ȻʼѿеѪҲĴӿ˳
䡭ߺؿڱԷУߺٵɳһߣоõ
Էȣ·ԼϲһΣһȣʵظڸߺϣһζࡣ
ߺ̲ס³һѪֻЩֻǱѣߺ֮Уǲûܵôص˺
ǽŶԷȣԷûһڸߺ֮ϡ
ֻڸߺ廹ߣ߶ûдﵽ;ܲסԼܵ˿˿˺ѡ
ߺ֮еĲٵתߺҲٵĻָˡ
ߺѪԷҲΪԼһãԼһȣߺͷҵȥ
ߺɲöԷԼͷȻڵѾ˰׹ĵزǣԼ꺣֮еʶһҲûжˡ
ֻ΢΢һšͿٵĶһȣȾߺǰ0.1׵ľ룬ȥ
ߺȫܵ𶯵ߺ֮еļ⣬Ѫ𶯡
ֻߺȴûзԷԷҲ˽Ĳˣ𶯵ȷ
ǣȴҲκβߺǿʼ¶Цݣ˵嶼Աϣɾֹ״̬˵ʲô𣿡
ȵԭΪߺûл֮ˣû뵽ߺܹ˵ʱһʱеһ飬ԼȻ޷ˡ
ңߺȣѾû֪֪ȫʧˡ
ߺһֻ֣ڶԷϣٵĵţЩλãϵѨԭǺ⡣
ΪҪȷͬһģټԼĲΪжܹԼ֡
ǣߺˣðһ˿˿ĺϢϵķ򣬾ȻûһãԷûС
ȵ濴Լȵʱ򣬷ԼѾԷˣߺÿָһطǸطĺͻٵҲ뵱ȻĴ뵽еѨ֮С
뵱Ȼ𶯷ҲӦֹͣߺķȫıˣֲûжԸߺĹзء
ֻܵ˸оʮֵĶġ
һ켶۽ףȣߺ̧ȣȲͣĽС
۸оʵǹĺܣ޷۾
ε˵ǲǸ뿪һ󰡣СںʲôҪ˵ĳ棬һٶ˵ĳ
ҲоʮֵΣΪǱ鲼ģǸ޷ȵ۵Ѿˡ
ڵȵۻһʮ֡ߡı飬ŭ㺦߸ë£㻹߰
ȵڶҪˣԼǺֻ߰ǿٵԼ壬뽫Լϵĺ顣
𶯵ȫƵ˾ԶϣԿˡ
ԣסˣǱ侲ֵ磬֣ȵ۸Ͳܶ
ߺһ˿̵Ц⣺ȻȣôҾͽ֮Ϊ͸㣡
˵ţߺ˫һһޱǿĺʼȵ۵ϲϵתȵ۵ȣ⼫ǿת֮УϷˡ
ߺ͵ȵ۵ǰôϲ𣿡
ȵȫĸ֪ѾʧˣԲûиоôʹȴоޱȵķŭ
Էŭı飬ߺɫһ䣺ϣǲϲˣôһҲ͸㡭
ȵǾŭĺУҲŹģȻȣʧˣҲ޿ˣǾһɣ
˵꣬Է忪ʼٵߺβûн֮Ѻ˲УΪԷô˵Ҳǿ켶ȵۣȫѺ˵ԼĴ򲻹⼸˵֡
ͬھԼȥɣߺʵ˵ֱһһ׵ٵ۳㡣

ڿʣģֻȵҵĽ벻ʧ⡣


714 
ڶ켶۽ףԱ߿ţȴ޶ԣǲȣ̫ˣ
ߺǰʱ򣬸ߺѾȵȫɱˡ
󣬸ߺ۵ˣ֮еķʼԴԴϵͷųȻ۷壬֮ǰûгɾ켶ߵʱѾ޼ˡ
һȦ޵ĺΰŸߺ³Ǻͷųķ⻷켶۽ףһľ
ǡǻ࿴һۣϵ֮ɫȥһҪɱȻɾ죬ȵɳʱ۳ңûǵ֮ˣ
Ҳ˫һ˵ʮֵ𾪵ġ
ĵؼ۽׶𾪵ĿŸߺȻֻеһ֣ĲûжôķӦΪǲ֪ܹߣжǿ
Ǽһɣߺ˫һ˵ԼָǼ켶۽׹˹ָ
Ǽ֮ȫһ
Ȼô˵ǻȫߺȥߺǰǻۣһƬٵ˸ߺǰ
򡪡Ӱߺһ֮ⷨУѶǺܴľ÷Լٶ
ַǷǳģǸߺڶû򵽣Ȼڸߺķ򣬱Ҫǿ󣬵ûа취֮
ӰռУ˿·磬й֮
۷·𴩹صĿռ䣬˸ߺǰЩʥѪ֮УнٶȻҪ϶౶
ߺ֪ΪԷһ˿ķʽл֮򣬶ԿʥѪ֮еǿ򣬲ſôߺߡ
ȭͷߺȥһӰǸȭͷߺؿڣߺؿλõ·Ѹٵĳһһչѿڡ
⻹ǸߺԼķ鲼ȫĽǲȻĻԷȭͷܹͻƸߺ壬ߺһ͸
ֻ۾ȵķ֣Լȭͷ򵽸ߺϵʱȴûκεã·ߺ֮ϣһ͸ĻףԼĹֵ档
ߺһӣץס˶Էȭͷ򱬷æԼֱ۶˻Ӱ
ǿ˸ոոߺݵһδж˵ĳɲոյȵһΪһʬˡ
ߺǸֻһУĹֶΡ
ߺ֪ԷķȫߺҲ֪Բô׽ԷģУԷĻӰԼʩչһɲǣԷܹ㵽
ԣߺûֱ÷򹥻ԷֻŽԼȫŷûԼϵߺץԷ󣬺ݺݵһת
ϵʹûŭߺһãĪʮֵЧߺĸָͷŶԷסԷĴָʹԷֱݺݵȥ
˵ǱȽĴڣʹԷѾԼʮǿߺָ֣ټϳ䲻ͻϮųɹˣָֻʹ
ڸߺҪʩչԼʱһٵĻƿռ䣬Լߣߺһæ硣
Ҳɿ˻ۣٵۣٶȱͱȻۿ죬ոֻǻ۵ĻӰǿʥѪ֮á
ƽʱٵ۵ٶȣԲǻۿԱġ
ڸߺܿʱһĽҲԼǰǲŸߺıǼȥġ
ڽոչԼֱ۵ʱ򣬸ߺֱۿٵԵһȥվһӰٵۡ
ٵۿԷԼҲһٶȲģӦҲǷǻ۵ܹȵġ
ٵȥȻҲȥ˽ԼҲ˸ߺһȭ
ߺ۹ʱڻ۵棬ȻһӰð˿˿ĺ۳һĺ仯˱ٵߺȥ
ۡߺ⣬֪˭ˣУͷųôǿĺģԼǱˡ
ʱǵĻҲڶˣ·֪Լֱ۵Ĵڣ˫־ۼһһСŴγɡ
ССĻ֮У̺ȴɱһƬĵؼ۽ףȫһ硣
ߺ˫һɫ侲ʼһĺӸߺϿʼγɣһڰɫ̴Ӹߺγˡ
γɵʱ򣬸ߺٵǰȥԷСſٵߺײһ
䡭ʼͬһƽĺˮ֮УͶһССʯӣ㲨е
ȻЩ뵽ʥѪ֮У׷׵ɢˣԾɸЩʥѪһصĲ
ûгֹʥѪžȻ˲ⲻò˵ߺ۵ȷʮֵǿ󣬶ʱ򣬱۵ıҲڵ˸ߺǰ
ߺȴûֵһֵֻĺҲûɣ޷ֵ
ʱ򣬸ߺ֮˸ķڶˣڿʲôѣһˡ
⺮β˸Ȼĳ֣ͷųâǺûн뵽֮УͱâУı顣
۵ķ˫һ侲ȴޱȵľ֡
ⷨ۵ֱǿϢķ۳ɵԷͷųĺâֵס
ۺȻ˵ߺܲϵĿʼһָϸ֦γɣЩ֦ȴǺɵġ
ߺĿЩ֦ѸٵĽԼΧԼΧһţߺ񱻷ӡһ
ߺֻǵһЦЩԼͷųĺâ֮ȫֵ
ߺһ𣬻꺣֮У⻷Ȼٵĵƶȥ
뵽ĵ֮ڣߺܵķڿʼͷųһҫ۵ĹâԼĻ꺣֮С
ǵɢͬС̫һĹâ꺣һһڵĳ̶ϡ
ǸߺԼĿռ벻壬۶ɵġ
ߺĵĵụ̃́ԣǿӲĹȥǿķֻõĵα顣
෨ռںϣȴܺõ֮ںһ
ڸߺ֮ĹΣȻΪǿһȭɢȥٵĴЩǱйһȫĳΪ롣
ڸߺǰĻۣۺıۣٶȣûгˣֻǲûһδ
۱ٵˣȫ룬ȫסˣǵȥҲסˡ
Щûбˣȫ˱
ڻһͷǾ֣۳˾ֻ⣬˳
졭
Ȼ˵Сȴͬըһ˵


715 콣
ʲôе˷켶켶۽Ǳ켶۽׸ǿĴڣ޽ӽʥߵĴڣǵֿܵʥߵ
ҪȻĻߺķҲʥѪǼ˶ˡ
ɾ켶ģȷ֮ҪﵽޣǱ۷ǿĴڡ
һ۷֮ʥˣЩ츳ǿļµ˵εѶȣӵѣǵķ뵽һ޵Ľ׶Ρ
˵ȫγɵصķΣֲȫǣΪ켶ߣܹһʱ棬صķΡ
һʱ䣬ֻٴγΪ˸״̬Ȼ˸Ƶʻͨ켶߸ӵƵ
Ҳ˵κһ켶۽ףڵ£Ӯ״̬µ켶۽ס
켶뵽ַȫʵ״̬֮¾͸ˣԱ켶۽ɱһƬҲȫܵġ
ͬոոߺɱЩߵʱʥѪûãΪһ̣ߺѾ뵽ʥߵ̶ˡ
ߺĮȻԼ˫ۣոոߺһ̣ߺǰ۷ʥѪžȻһ˿ˡ
ͬѪһı飬Ѫ֮Ȼ˲ͱˣԾɿ˵һ̸ߺķѾ뵽ʥߵĽ׶ΣҪȻԲܶ۷ʥѪЧ
ҲǱߺ̼ģʥѪžȻҲʼۣߺ˫һ۷ʥѪľѪ
ߺѾİ֮ǰһΡ
ò˵ߺ˵ȷǹǿ󣬾ȻζʥߵľѪһθ۷ʥѪ֮
е𽥵ıøǿ󣬶еĸߺıѹȥһ׵ľ롣
ΰֻиߺĴڣͲøߺٴεʹǽļˡ
ǣԾǸߺǺֵķΣԾɱǿѹƵ½һס
ڰУѪγˣһöӴСľѪƯڿУԴԴϵĴͷų
ⷽԲѪҺȻֻ۳һöӴСľѪ
ɫľѪϵͷųĹΣһԾѪΪģϵͷųͬһźɫǣڿɢĺɫâ
ߺ嶥Ǿѹǰһ̣ߺܵ˷˵ζ
ָоһ˶Ŀ磬ŬһǰǿѹøߺڰɫͷƮԼ
罫ߺ·˺һ鲼ȴ޷ߺ壬ߺʵ壬Ǿ紵棬Ȼһ˿Чûдﵽ
ߺٵöӴľѪǰĿǰöѪɫᡣ
ſԼ죬һǿγɣöѪٵߺ
öѪҪ뵽ߺеʱһ汬Ÿߺȥ
ǽȻסǿѹƣٵߺĽ£ҪߺһΪ
ߺԴӽ뵽켶۽֮󣬾ͲͬһɼΪ޵ڶĵؼ۽֮С
Էʮֵǿڸߺ֮̽£ܹ
ңͨһߺܹܵԷһԼ֮£ԼǸոʥѪӵеôǿԷ
ž
ߺһָڸߺ˫ָ֮䣬̱һһ׵ٵܻ˺㣬ڸߺĽ¡
ϡ
뺮̺ҵײһռ䶼·ֹˣʼס
ǲɢĲϣĵؼ۽ߣ³һѪ
ҵСƤʼѣһ˿˿Ѫ˳
ߺ̾Ȼ룬ոյǵȫĻٵˡ
˫һߺĿһӰǸӰܷԲʮ֮ڣеĵͼͽȫݡ
ߺ²ϵٵڸߺĽᣬѿ̣ȻЩǣţ·һ
ˣ֮ڣٴεĿʼոߺĸߺһ̵ĺ״ʼзֻ
Ǹ˷ԲʮɣҲûκߵĴڣڶԷ֮ϣһȦķΡ
ͬڸߺ˸֮ͬǰһֱţǹ֮ϣϢǽϢ
½ۣܹڿγɵʥѪѪңԷſԼͣĮ˵
ԷƤ𪣬˫üޣ˫֮Уһ˿ͫףͷųĹâͬһޱȣ޷ֱӡ
Է˧ĳ̶ȣߺ˿޷ֱӣһᡣ
ԷһվͬһϬıһ㣬ܵĿ˽ϵΧǸתЩؼ۽׵ˣΪܵĽɱġ
ǻգǿ߶ĵѪŽձ˺ܶΡ
ǣվȻ˱۷ѪҪǿѪš
ǿĻҪգ޲еűˣЩ۷Ѫ񲢲ͨ۷Ѫ
취ҲֻܹЩѪţʼͷԼһƬѪ꣬ƬɫĴϽʱ򣬲Ÿɽˡ

ôʱ䣬δȻһҪöѪǲЩ̫ˣߺЦһ
˶ԶԶģԲɵķΧڣҿ
һ켶һ켶Ĵڣʵ̫ǿˣ
վȻ켶ĴڣԷʵǿɱǾȻֻƾ㹻ˣ
۵һЦܵĽȫķηȥٵУٴαԷķͷ˳
Էڽ뷨εʱѾʼˣЩȥʱǶԷʱ
ŵһҲ֮Է趯ȥ
ԷĹʧ͸ռ䣬֮Ŀռ䣬˲֧飬켶۽Զ޷ﵽ
ߺҲĿʼһĺڰɫʼӸߺϱ
ΪҸոһ֮еķʵ׶𣿡ߺͻƵһ̿ʼ͸оˣԣû̾óһ֮УΨһһõطʵĻᡣ
켶ȻǱ켶۽׸ǿϲ٣ǵ۽ףǵķ֮ǿȹ̡
ԣһ֮УҲʮʱ֮УǵķֻܹһΣ֮ͱһʱ䣬Ҳʮʱ
Ȼǳ۽׵ʵǵ߽ףһ֮Уһʱ䣬ӳԼĵط
Ҳ˵Ƕʱ䣬Ǿʥߵʵ
ߺȦķȻͣס˸ߺȻðһȦʵΡ
˫һոǿߺʹùһʵķΣԲųֹģڿԷȻܹʮʱ֮ڣʹΡ
£㲻Էǳˣʵǡط


716 ʥ֮
ߺ˫һ壬غû۳Լʵ״ڸߺİ֮£ٵıȻֿʼС
ѸʮΣԷĽѾ̵Աˡ
ߺһ̿ʼѸٵתһڰɫĺϵĴɢɫɫᣬγ޼᲻ݵĺ㡣
ϵĶǽʼɣֻ⺮ʵ̫ˣ棬ȻٵĳһĹѡ
ֻǵҲڱٵĥɫĺֵǵĴݲС
ɫ֮ܵ£ܹϵ
ңɫĺϵӽٶȣʧȥ׼ԣ۵Ŀʧ׼
ɫĺǽȥĽڱԷƣǱɫĺ׵յǿһĳ̶ȡ
ħϳɷ𣬷ϳħ
κζһ֮󣬶ת෴ʣҲΪɫĺ
䡭
ڣ̶ܲסԷǿҵĹ飬Ҳʧڿ֮С

ôڵ㣿ǲǻǾԼʤȯգߺĿĽۣ˫֮Уս
ףڵԼ׵ʲôĽ׶Σ֮оڵ켶ѲԼĶ֣ԼͶͿǡ
Ψһܹߺ𰸵ģǰۣһʵǣֻܹ߸ߺߺʵǶǿ
öѪԲܹɣ۵ĹȻǱĥˣûдɼּ
ߺһ£ѲɶԷĸоԼʵûǿԣҪöѪ
ҲǱˣ˸ߺı飬ȻҲͲ˸ߺ뷨һЦʵȷǺǿûоԵģս㣡
ߺߡѲɣ㲻սǲֻʤΣߺ¶׼΢Ц
ҵĽֻΪɱˣ΢΢һЦӸոտʼڣոտһĽҲδȫĳʣֻǳ˰ؽѡ
ߺҲǲףǳʣոһУԼӵľͲôˡ
ΪԷĽδʣԸߺոʹ̵ʱ򣬲ûǵȦΡ
ô˵ǼĲͬˣߺʵشߺǣĵĵʧˡ
֮еϢŶԷǵĵʧҲ˲ʧһգԷڣһһûһ˿ɢ
ߺ˫һУѲɣҪöѪҸоӦòˣɣսһʤӵöѪʮ֮ߡ
ȴ˸ߺĻ˰Լ֣˵ûеڶѡҽ´ˣʣҾͻþеȥɱԷ
󣬽۳һ£˼ҪҪ߸ߺ
ȷ߸ߺϾ㲻߶ԷһҲ֪ġ
Ǹ㣬ʥҪһöʥѪ㻹᲻أ˵
ߺںЦһЦʥѪǣ㾡ܿھǣûбҪ˷һöʥ߾Ѫ
ʱ򣬸ߺĵ׺Ȼ۵ǣþѪĻͨͻͨһصżأ
һ£ߺסˣߺ֪Էе˶֪
ԼֻΪƾУڲ֪һҲ֪ġ
ΪʲôɴɱңԼżߺҲ֪ԣҲ˴
뿴еöѪʱ䲻ˣҪɱ㣬ҪһЩʱ䣬Ƕʱ䣬͹ʥĿʱˣ۷ʥѪ֮֮ڣʥͻῪţ
ߺȻĵ˵ͷ˵ȻֲյĻҲûʲô취ˣ׼һ£öѪÿʥ۰ɣ
˵ţ˫һܣǣ˳ȻĻһȫΪ
ܵ⣬ȫߺĺˣҸߺҲȷʵ
켶۽ףǵȷһ˿ѣϾĵؼ۽ˡ
ϧǸߺ켶Ӹոս۵ˡ
ߺ۳ϣʵ޼Ǿ֤ߺʵҲǷǳǿģٲڽۡ
ߺ䵽ϣСҵۻ˻֣ڶؼ۽Ľ֮УҵСٵߺӽ
ȴ˰֣Ҫȥ
ߺĻعͷ˵ǵģô
ߣҵȻûĻһʲôأ΢Ц˵
Ľͣߺףԭʥ֮ص۽֮صȫһʺʥġ
ǣ켶۽֮µ˽Уͱȫĳű
ߺ΢΢һ̣ʲôû˵С󿴵ߺǣûһֻţаЦܶˡ
ÿθߺôЦʱͻᵹùȻùдСǲԸٴθһָо
һСҵ۵屻ˣȻʧڸߺǰ
ɱСε뵽ȻǹùģȻˣļһ
˵ҵۣҲΪߺýͣԲѡǶˣǹؽ˴֮С
ߺոһУеľѪȻ춯ʼڿвϵĶѪʼ鲼ڿУȻڿγһѪɫĴš
Ŵʮ׵ĸ߶ȣ׵Ŀȣߺͨĸŵܣֱ۴ϸš
һͷ޾գ֪ӵʲôطԴԴϵĿռ֮
ߺ뽣۷ɵѪɫǰʱǴźȻ򿪣ߺ˲ûȽȥΪѹʧһؼ۽ףȻȥ
ǣոսǸţ˲ɳƬ
ƬߺһȻͬ켶һ£ǣԼ˽ȥûʲôΣ
ڹߺʣȾ͸ˣһ˽ȥʧǲûʲôֵҲûб˺ѳƬ
ߺҲ̧˽ȥ߽ȥһ̣ߺоԼ·ͨ͸ԼոĵȻʼ޵ߺȫĻָˡ
ˣҺһرڵ۽߳ܶ뵽ߺ壬Ÿߺ壬ǽʥ׵ʱ򣬷ĸ졣
ڲͬķӦ֮еķ򣬿ô˵ֻûķû֮ûз
Щ򣬻˽ʥ׵ʱԶ˵ϴһΣ˵壬ʺַĴڡ
ǣߺûнʥߣȴܹܵϴǾˣʥ򣬲ǲʥߣͨŵģܵһϴ
ߺоԼķ򲻵ӼˣԼ嶼øǿˡ


717 ʥ֮
ߺƬͨĸоȻǰֻʣһƬڰжʧˣã֮С
ߺʱ򣬷ԼһƬĵĴ֮УߺҲ֪Լô˵صģϾʱĸߺѾˡ
֮󣬸ߺٴθоǿѹƴڣֻϴβͬǣռ֮еκһ˿Ըߺ嶼á
֮Уһ˿˿ϢȻʮֵСǿ̺֮ϢطͲ࣬˵ʮϡٵĴڡ
ﵽʥ򣬻ʥ֮еż֪ǻ˵ĶԲҾ͸äĿӣǱ
ߺ˼վ˵Լûʲô˺
⻹һЩʥ֮УͺΣգˣǾ͸ӵΣˡ
ƾԼĸ֪֪ܵ̽һûн۵Ϣ֮󣬾ͻֿ֮ǰ֮
۵ʲôطͲǸߺܹ֪ˡ
Ͼߺʱһ˿ʶˣȻͻ˹ȥ
ڸߺΪʲôҪӶԷأΪߺһ⴫˵еżĶԼԼĿʧۣ֮
Ǹߺܹܵģԣһ˿ϣߺҲԲ
ң۵˼ѽҲֻܴӵ۽׽ʥʱþѪܹͨɹĽ뵽
͸˸ߺϣĻǾ͸пĶˡ
ߺƬ֣ڴ֮УҲǲΣˣҿĶ񲢲̫ǿ󣬴Լ켶۽ʵĴڡ
棬һָϸߣʵұͬȼӴľӵɱ
СɵڶܣһױǣǶԷǿҪеһ㹥ܹ͸ϰٸ
ľڳзĿ֮Ѿƽľһˡ
Ӳ˵ǷǱѰľܹͼĴڡ
ڱǻרõıмǵۼܹӳӦеӦģʥϽױȻ۷屦ԷҲԷӳӦе
󣬱֮Ͼˣͬǰ뾵񼶱
ľͲʲôļӹܹͽױò˵ǷǳǿĶˡ
ǣĶָϸСߣȻܹ͸һٿţҶ˺ϱĴϸ
ãһû䵽ߺϣǱ䵽һ
뵽֮С߲ôŤ޷ӳΪ֮УȻһֻཬ֡
С˵ƣǣȴ̺ǿ֮İһ¾ק֮С
ʱ򣬸ߺֻʣ˰ӣ֮еǲ֣ȫˣǱʲôܽġ
Ȼûӳģһߣֻཬֱ۴֮СС
Ȼʳģ泤˼ʶˣߺһʵԼӷӦġ
У٣Խ֦ûУϹľǾǿնģһŵķݡ
Ȼͷֻͷܹٵĳеڱɫͷ
¶ѻߺж֮󣬶ҪдŶҿߺӵеǺڶոս뵽ߺʱ򣬾ͱסˣûĴӡ
ⶾٶȷǳĿ죬ǸߺӦ죬Ѿ鲼ȫȥˡ
Ȼǵǣܼܲ⣬Ҫߺܱܲȶˡ
Щ񶼲·֮仹ǸߺģΪߺѻɱһ󣬷Լķ֮Ȼ岢ûʲô̫á
ߺϸʱ򣬲ŷԭֻѻϣȻзϢʱѾԷߡ
ǣǾ뷨Ϣͽˡ
һ·ߺ죬ʱڣߺûնɱһֻ顣
ǸߺĵغȻˣǸߺʵնɱˡ
ҲǸߺ켶ʱܹնɱЩޣǣߺܹʩչ켶ȫʱҲ˵ʩչʥ߽׶εطʱ
ߺ֣ᷢԼȽҲˣ켶۽ˣʵڵʥߣ㽫ߺˡ
Ҳܼһϵ캮ŵֵסЩĹ
ɹǲʲôþЩֻǻ󲢲ˡ
ǣߺȴûеԣҲΣҿûгԣȻĻ˿ģǲսԻ֮ء

֮߳չڸߺǰһӵĺΰ
͸¶ŹӵϢڸߺǰƵĹӱÿһֻ㣬ÿһԼ׵ĸ߶ȡ
ռظǷԲǸߺۣ֮ҲῴֻΪһƬޱ޼ʵĴ֮С
ǸոոߺĴ֣ڸߺǰһߴɵʯʯдĸԾĴ֡ʥߵ
棬һеС֣Ƕʥ֮Ľܡ
ûȹǰۿһӰʹһĴ֮д˹ͷɫϡ
ߺϤĴкˣۣæ
ߺĺߣʲôʶ𣿲Ҫװһģ
ǰɣҲʥѪѪΪ˽Ƭżô𱨣Էƿڴ
˭ˣ㡭ţ˵ôô죿ߺؾԷƿڴģһȴͣɻĿŶԷ
Ӱƣôô죿ߺһ°ͣһϸĴԷˡ
ȻߺֳȭݺݵĻ֣ǽۡ
ϳСҲ̫˰ɣǸոշֿûǲǵ˽֢ʲô飡
ٿߺüмĿк³ˣС
쵰Ҫ㣬ĵط㿴Ǵ֮еĶЩʲô⣬һʳݵĶûУʳߡ
ߺԴԴϵĽԼĶ˵һ飬ŲϵĴŴᣬɱ˼ֻ飿
һֻһֻһֻڸߺ˵ͬʱ۵ɫˣ˵Щġ
ߺԷһֱһֻߺҲæһֻֻֻ
ʮ֮󣬸ߺ˶ʮֻˣеľҲû뵽Էôǿ󣬾Ȼɱ˶ʮֻԼȴһֻɱ
һֻûɱ
ߺˣ𣿡
ۿҲˣ㰡ǱΪǻþûжߵĶҾͳˣһ·ܻ߳ˣ
˵ţߵĴСɫ˵˳Ǹߺ֡
ߺոˣҿȻҪˡ


718 ɷ֮
գߺǰ۽֮еĶҲ˳Է֮еĶ̫أԶԸߺ˵Ҳ̫ѡ
ֻǽԼĺͷųڶԷ֮תһȦԷ֮еĶˣȻƳ֮⡣
ڶԷ֮תһȦ͸˶ԷĹͷ֮УеĶᲢǣ˳
ſ³һɫĺ֮еĶȫˡ
ԭأ۵ϢһԼϢɫĺתſʼվ
۽Լ֮еϢϢ״̬վԼĿŸߺ˵Ƿһ飡
˵ţ۾ߺһͬԱߵʯϿȥдĶҲýЩԾ
ʥ֮ɻ˵Ǹ𾪵ʯЩСдϢ
ʯĺ棬дһС֣ߺȻʶеֿһ顣
֮󣬸ߺ𾪣ʥ֮УȻкܶȥʥߣһ۷ʥߣ̺֮ŷǳǿķ
źܶʥ߷ĴУֻҪ۷ʥߵķ򣬾ͻǿ
۷ʥߵĴУ⡭ʥ֮Ȼ飬ǡʥߵĴлûʲôðߺ˵
ڸߺվŵĽۣҲĵ˵ͷʮͬߺ˵Ļ
ߺվԭأͽ۵˵ͷתͷߣǣڵȴ㵵ķ֣ƬͲڡ
ѲɸոյһжΣǻþ˫һص˵
ž
۵Ļû˵꣬һӰͿٵǰѸײڶ֮ƴϡ
һʺӡϣȻͷŭڸʲô𣿡
۲ۣߺʵ
۱һƴˣ˵ͷеۣһƲǺأ
ߺĵ˵ͷǾ֤㲢õģ
㡭ƿԣĿ˸ߺһۣܿȥҪҳһƬ
ǣʮӹȥˣûҵʲôǸߺһֱǰ֮пȥոҲͼѰѰ˼ӣûҵ
ͽĿŵǰʥ֮Уߺص˵ҲҪҳþΨһľǽ뵽ʥ֮ˣ
֮Ҳ˵ͷҲתͷǰʥ֮ĬȻĵ˵Уߺʱ򣬽ʶľߺһξ롣
ٴңҾҪԶԶģ۾ĿŸߺߺԼļ򣺡°
亹Ÿߺ˵˵ʲôҶģ
ߺĵĴ˴ڣз˿ɬ´ýʵ飬ǾԲеˡ
ʵ飬⼸ʮǰ׻ˣߡ۰˵
ʮ֮󣬽ڸߺǰߣ֮һ˿ûУðɣЩķҰ׳ˣ֪ոˣҲԲˣ
˵ô໰ˣúǰ·˵ǰǿ֮¡ߺһǰţһ˵
Ÿߺϵ߶֮УۺȻŭѾ˵ˣǰ̽·ͲҪˣǲ˵𣿡
ڸߺ˴Լһ֮󣬰ǵٶȣ쵽һҲһӵĹ
ߵǰʱ򣬸ߺͣԭأ˫֮бһľ⡣
ԭȻǿķסˣǷʮֵǿ˶оľⷨǿ̶ȣ϶ط
ô죿۳ɵĿߺʶߺ̶̵ʱ֮ڣѾߺġ⳹׵۷ˡ
ǣոھ˭̽·ʱ򣬸ߺԷȻʮӵĵ
Ӹտʼʶʱ򣬵ڣߺܵ˵ܽʮ״ûһظġ
Լ֪ԼŲʶߺʱ䣬һʱҲûгʱԼȻôദ˸ߺ
ǴɣǴƣǾ޷ȥѲҪԶĽ𣿡ߺ˵
۲һ£ʲô˭Ҵ𣿡
ߺ˵ͷʮ״ڵʱҪ˵ѪܹصżҲط
ۣͣǷˣһԸԼΪ½һ룬ҲٲԸһˣ
˵ţۻ꺣֮еķ⻷ʼһһģ͸۵֮⣬ߺɫȻѸٵ˳һξ롣
۵һ˲俪ʼˣϬ˫ĿͬʵʵĽ⣬ǰĿռ俪ʼѡ
۵Ҳʼյ˽ϣ˫۱һ˲䣬ߺһľ
ǽһķԶ˷һĽ˷ȥܵĿռһѺۡ
ЩѺ۶ǽɵģԷĽոհγһ㣬Чӽ֮з׷׿ʼ˷նȥ
һԷĽڳˣǸߺһοԷĽȫĳʡ
նᣬܵĽʼ˸еĽٵǷ֮նȥٶȿ硣
һնߺûпԷôսģԷĽѾ뵽ԼĽ֮С
ڷ֮ϣǰǵ֮ǰĿռ䣬ٵѿǷ֮ϣȻҲһѺۣһֱʼӶȥ
ǣŵļ̣ߺ˵һȻûƵ֮š
Ƿ϶ٵķˣٶȷǳĿ죬զ࣬Ȼз֮ӿķ֮֮ŵķ϶ٵĻָ
Ϊʲô۷ߺʵոս۲ûԼȫ
۵Ľͣߺԭոõһεطӽ׶ΣõĻ̫ȶ
µʱͱˣڼȶķϣһ˺ķ˲ƵҲûܵģ
ߺվɣ
˵ţڸߺ֮⣬ʼ˵ĵʵķ⻷
ĵΣǸߺοٵ۵ԼĵصķΣܹʵɹ
صķһܵĿռ䶼ˣһ񷣬һҲٵˡ
ߺԼָܵĿռȥһ˲Ӹߺָ֮бȥǰĿռ˲ˡ
顭ߺ˵ſռ˲ˡ
̣ߺ˵ѸٵĴӸߺǰ֡
ߺ˫һڸߺܵĹѸٵ֮۶ȥ
ڿռ֮Уһһףһһ׵ٵǺײȥ
䡭
֮ſٵıΧţȻڲϵߣһķ֮ɢ
Щ֮Ȼɾͺ״뵽ߺ塣
ߺһСʱ֮󣬸ߺ˫Ȼ۾˫֮ǺоԼķ֮ǿˡ


719 
ߺ򽣵ۿȥ˫֮ս⣺ۣڣǲһΣ
ۻشߺģǾ仰ҵĽֻΪɱ˶ڣԲΪ˱䣬
ɱǸأߺֹסԷϲԣ˵
סˣĿߺ˵㣿ҵʵûɱ㣿
ߺ˵ͷոո˼ȷģô
ðɣұ۷ˣɣͬԣոȻǸо֮ŵǲ֪ߺķ֮
ҽ֮仯ɺȫ뵽Լ֮С
Լָһ㣬һ˲ӶԷָ֮бܵĿռѡ
ǽٵߺȥٶȿ磬һĻ¶Ȳ϶Էٶȡ
ߺЦһָָֻϺӿָϺƣǽӽߺָʱȻͣסˡ
ڸߺָƵĺǵȥҿʼڶԷĽ֮ϣҿٵĲ档
ǵٵıϣҿʼٵĶᣬĽʼ鶳ᣬһƬƬڿб顣
ʧʱһĨ⣬µߺĲٵĳȥ
ûеߺϣǷĽøߺĲʼʹߺԼ֣һĺٵϡ
ߺһץס˶ԷУȻûжԸߺκε˺
󣬸ߺƿٵһһֵĹԼĲǰ棬ֵסԷĽ⡣
Լץһ£˫۱⡣
Ա˦ȥĹ˲ˣߺԱߴȥ
ǣߺǣ۵ļɾȻʮֵĸ̵߳Լʱ򣬿ٵĻߺĲ
ߺԼ֣Լֱ۵ס˶ԷһԼָ
ָһԷĽȥߺһֻҲûţԷĽȻûйߺǶԷһָֻɽ
ٵߺȥߺһֻֿٵĻһȦһС͵ĺ˲γɣֺݺݵһܿٵǰȥ
ָܼҵײһһŰķ籩ӽָ˷ŰȥƬĿռΪⲨѡ
ƬƬѣ۵һнָҲ׵ĵֵסˡ
ಡ
ƣ˫ɱһеĽٵתһʼڿγɣߺ֣ԼϵĺȻƬƬķ
ԷеĽ֪֮ǰĶٱԷԼĽ֮ۼԼĽϵһ㣬ǷĽ⣬ߺϵĺ
ߺ֪Լּٴǽķ籩һϵġ
ٵȥż㣬ߺһһ˲Լǰγɡ
溮һ׵ĺȣںıγɣߺһǺ̿ٵĽ۳ȥ
ǣԷһʵ̫ǿˣỮܣǺһ׵ĺܿٵıڡ
ĺҲ̸ѣԷһʵ̫ǿˡ
ߺ˫һ֪ԷĽʵ̫ǿˣ˫ȥٳֵʱѾԼˡ
֪ǲʹԷȴɱУǶԷˣԼҲⲻȥ
Ͼ˫ҲûޣǾɱԷߺԼò˼
ܹѹƶԷģҲֻˣոոߺ棬Ʒ֮š
˵ߺոսԼ쵽ĺ档
Ľˣô룿ǻһɣߺ˵
۱뻻ģߺܹԼĽƵҲ̫ǿ˰ɣҪ֪ĽǶķ
ǣ˸ߺص񣬽Īˡ
һͳһǱǵͼٵߺϴȥ
ߺʱҲûг֣Ƚ۽ԼĽ֮󣬲ſʼ֡
ȫɣߺ˵˫һͷ޵ĹξȻٵ뵽ĽУߺٵĴȥ
һ֮ǰһҪǿϾԷĵطζ뵽Ľˡ
ˡ
ɢİ׹⣬ߺ֮ϴȥߺһֿһ̣ٽԷĽм䡣
̿ٵת㿪ʼ̵Ŀռ֮УٵĻڶԷĽˣȻ㲻ϵıϿ
ǣߺĺǲ֮ǽϵĽⲻϵıŬҪǣʹô޷ӶԷУԼĽ
̿ٵתһĺĽĥֻʣ½ʱǽѾܲסʼ˺
顭ߺ˵ȥʱ򣬽۷֣ԼĽûнˣֻʣеĽˡ
һ£𾪵˵ǣ۽׵ڶ㣬û뵽ﵽˣǱжôǿ󰡣
ߺҲסˣʲôʲô۽׵ڶذ
۵Ľͣߺˣԭ켶Ҳǿģǿõķδʱĳоġ
ȻеķĹεǿΪߺǿܽһͼ
ǿģ㣬ܹﵽ㣬ôʵõʵķ
ߺٵĽǰˣǽ뵽ʥ֮֮еʱ򣬷ȫǷϢ
ߺ뽣۲㱻ķűˣ淨Ũ̶ȣŨȡ
Ũĳ̶ȣߺ޷棬ߺ÷򶼸ܲԷĴڡ
ϾһƬγɵߺ뽣۵޷Ũķⷨķȫ
˲֪ǰ浽жδ֪ΣգǾԼʵһ£ֱܹϵԷʱ
ߺԼ˫ۣʼԿеķ򣬱˫ۣеķٵĽ뵽֮С
·оһˬĿ뵽Լ֮УУһ紵һĸо
һº󣬸ߺܵķԵļ˺ܶ࣬ڲôģߺϣȻǿҵϢ
ڸߺ֮⣬һΣܵķȻⷨƳס
ȻԼ˫ۣâб˳ǰķȫ˺
ڸߺܣɢĲǱĵط˺
⺮ĺ۸ˣ۾ֵĿŸߺʮֵľ᣺ʵ̫ǿˡȻ㣬һµʱ䣡
ߺҲǷ֮Уᵽ˸һĺ
ˣߺط⻷һֱʵĽ׶Σһ׶Ρ


720 Կʥ
ۡʲôߺԼ۾Ŀ򽣵ۣãڵĽԼǰԻᱻɱûзĻᡣ
һ֮䣬ߺ˽ʵҲˣڡ
ԭ콣۾Ѿһ۷ˣܹô෨ϢͻƣҲΪ档
ߺɲΪֻԼһţʮֵĹ֮еţͬǺɳʤ
ߺĻæҡҡԼͷûûʲôھͿʼ߰ɣ
ʵոսģǲҪߺɱǽߺɱԺͻһǿĶ֡
ߺǿ죬οͷβߺûʩչԼȫʵ
ʩչȫʵ¾ǾͬҲܹɱߺܱɱ
ңոոߺܿοоߺ˲̫ԼҲԲܺ
ߺӶԷ֮Уһ˿ԥܣÿжܣߺҲ׼ơ
˿ʼǰ߶ȥʼ֮Уһķܹľǵذˡ
ذȴ˵İ׹⣬˷ҫȥߺ˵嶼ɫâ
ڵĸߺѾǰĸߺˣһڸߺĶͷϳ˵Ŀ
ǵĿڰɫĺâܵķڰɫĺâʼ⣬Ȼˡ
ߺ۾û˷ȥܵľȫӰ˸ߺ֮С
ɫǽڣԼ˴Լǧ׵ĵͬɫһ߸ߵĹڸ߿ա
ߺĿһУڸߺǰȻһߴӰ˴Լ
̤ԼĽŲߺ첽ۿǰĵܡ
ӰȫúճģһʮʥĸоǱϢȴչ¶ˣߺоѹơ
߳
۾Ȼâߺ˫һڶͷϵĵĿȻʼתɫ
Ӻڰɫĸȫɫĸһڹֱ䵽棬Է˫Ŀ֮âཻ
ˡ
һ̶𣬼˷ݶȥܵķ򶼱𶯲ϵϯȥ
ڿвϵĶţڻǸߺʤһԷ۹ȫıɵѾ۹⣬ˣԷȥ
ߺʤ׷ոԼ۾˺ɫĺâҲţ˫Ӷһʼڸߺγɡ
ǸߺģѾԼе켶ֻۣ켶۸æһϢļ룬ȴһи
ҸߺıҲȶԷǿʩչҲй֮޲
˲俪ʼǵܣȦȦƣĺϵϮܣϿʼ˺
ߺܸоЩȫ¶ǿոҲֻǱ鲼һ֡
ɣܺпһܣܵγɵֻͻǽעУԲŸǸߺͲ֪ˡ
ӡ֤ߺĲ룬Ǹ޴ĵܾȻʼǲϵĺڶԷ֮£ʼ飬ڣѿˡ
ʱ򣬶ԷҲʼ˶ȫסĶҲûа취飬˭öԷѾߺĺأ
𡭡
쳤Хռ䶼ʼһУķԶǽŵ֮УֻһУܹһ硣
ߺԷסˣͷģеķҲһ£ιʱ򣬷ԼĺѾˡ
ǵĺɫâҲʧˣ˵Ǹʱ򣬶ԷȻſͣǵ˽ȥ
ϱһ㺮ֻһ֮󣬾ͻָˣԷ֮еȷǺǿ
ߺż㣬һ˫ٵĳԼȶԼıᣬߺٵˡ
ֻٶԾһ㣬ԷȻһѾ޽ǱǱܡ
ųصĽ磬ٵߺߺȶڿһ㣬Ƕ˶Էһ
ֻһȱȴûôˣǱǽɨˡ
Ǳ̿ʼıɢأߺһǰȱҲѸٵջصߺ֮С
ֻһᣬûأһֻʹøߺûƽڿվվȡ
ߺһתһѺԼУٵԷ۾ȥߺڵ֮ͽˡ
ڶԷµ㣬ߺģ֣ܲûʲô㣬еλöʮֵ
޾ԣȫΨһǶԷ۾
ಡ
ߺٶȷǳĿ죬һ󺮷磬ٵԷ۾Ϯȥ
ۿҪ̵Է۾ˣʱ򣬶ԷǰȴȻһصľ޽ŵǱ޽
ܲҪʮֵıأʵʮֵ̾ͷӦˣÿľ޽ס˸ߺһ
͡ߺԼĽԷľ޽סˣȻģпٵ۵ĺԱ߻ȥ
ͬʱߺҲңҿȫ÷֮۶ɵģҪͨĻ𶯣ˡ
ԷĽһ򵥣涼ǿķ֮Ƿ֮Բڸߺķܹ֮ġ
Էֻǽ֮˽ѣߺĺȴúɫɫķ֮۶ɵġ
ǰɫģܹߺߺָýԼ֮еˡ
ȻǺɫˣɱʮֵӴ
ڸߺеĺҪԷʱ򣬸ߺ벻һĻˡ
ǵ˫սһԼ֮д˽У͸Լ֮ۿĻߺ֪鲻á
ǣûļӦǾ޽Ϳʼɢһ״ĲһȦȦ󣬲˸ߺϡ
ɨУߺоԼ񱻴󿨳ײһѸȥ˺ѷεʹȫ
ϣĽˣ֮е࣬ȫˡ
ߺʼвָ֮Լ֮еƣڸߺǱȱˡ
ۿһԾߺͷϷɹߺѪϣ͸¶ޱȺѪо˴ʹ
ǣ𾪵Ǹܵʵֽ׶Σܹߺ˺ĻĲࡣ
˸ߺĴתܡ
Ǹ޴ĵȴ׷ᣬеľ޽ţĿ磬ذ嶼Ҫǿ񱩵ǣ
غĸߺûٴγȥǿٵſڴС
Ϊģܹо֮Уңǿǡ۷ʥס


721 ֹʬ
ߺ뽣ܵſڵʱȴķ֣ǴŲ֪ʲôʱʼѾرˣӡķ򣬱֮ǿķҪǿ
ҪƵҲǲܵģһ۷ʥ׵ĵ׷ɱԼˣʱ
ߺΣģ۾һһطҵһϵ¥ݣпͨһĵط
£ߺҲڿǲǸΣˣϾطţҲһȥһء
ߺûӮǸ۷ʥƵĵܣҲûаڶԷ׷֮ǰǰƵҲֻܹѡ·ˡ
Ϊܱðɡ
ߺ뽣ۻ࿴һۣ˵ͷ˴˹ʶ
ҲʲôظˣȻ֪Ψһѡˡ
ٶϷǳĿ죬ҲҿǸһﲢûʲôǣеĽҲֻ֪ս
նԷʵǷһߺ˾Ҫ⡣
Ȼߺ㣬Ҳ۷ʥߵԷֻ֮еķ򣬶Ǹߺܹġ
οһﵽҲûͷųԼȫʵǲߺȫûа취ԷԿ
ڣ¥ǰ̫ȥ¥ݾȻһף֪ʲôԭ򣬰˵ʹ鲼򣬵Ǹߺܹ֮͸Ӱ֮⣬Ҳûʲô⡣
ǣ⿴ԶʵܽĵطߺȴĿͷ
ߺ뽣̧žȥǸߺո̨̤ףͷۿȴվ޶ԣԾǲߣ
ôߺֵʵ֪Ϊʲô
ۿյҡҡͷĲ֪һ̧ţǰ̨׾ʧջؽŲʱǰ̨׾ͻ֣
ߺĿһߺҲδδţߺ̨ף̧˻ôʮΣûз˵
⵽ô£ߺʵǸ㲻ڵˣĿ򽣵ۣʼʵǸ㲻⵽ôˡ
ʱ򣬸ߺܱһ֣ߺ֮ۿȥּһڸߺǰ
ǲ֮㣬һǲʵǲٶȣٶȣܹ۷ʥ߹һ¶ӵ͹ˣȻĵʵ͵ʱ򣬿ܵʵҲ½һ׶Ρ
ߺ˵֮󣬵ĿŽۣ˼ȷ㶮ġ
۵˵ͷһ侲ոգߺȻܹԷС
ԼȸߺһΣԷҲӦӦĽһβŶԡ
ߺվ̨֮ϣһĿŽۣеȴ׼ţһ˿˿ɫĺɫĺð˳
˫ɫĿռŤˣ¶ȼ͵ҲռŤ
Ѿ׼ʱˣȻ뽣۵Ľ鲢Ǿ֮ͻǸߺġ
ॡеķһĨĽһѸٵĴӿ֮ӶٵǸܷȥ
ϡ
һĽֻڵܵһ𻯶ѣ֮⣬񶼶û£һǳ۶û¡
֪ܲʲôɵģֱ̫Ӳˣһ޷ӶԷκε˺
ǣȷʵģ۱ҪסԷһУſԳɹ
ۺȻо۷ʥߵϢȻ½ߺҲܹоȻʵû뵽һ½½һΡ
ոǸ۷ʥߣڣȴֻʥм۷壬һ½ɾǽβεķȡ
ߺҲʮֵ֣Ǹ֮Ͽȥдʱ
ӵʱ򣬵ܵʵԭϡ
ߺ֮󣬼ֱҪѪȴûʲô취ϾԼˣҹǱ˶ģԼûзԵȨ
۾ǵʮֵĽȻҲǵܺд֣ʱ򣬽۶Цˡ
ʮ״ҪˣֶһۿԼŸߺӣѾԤԼõĽߺһˡ
Уγȥ֮һҪԶԶģжԶԶҪ֪ôģʹǷżҶԶʶ
һ߱任ԼλãһڿпţʵֹߺѾʼˡ
Сӵƶÿһһľ룬ǿƾ̣һȥȴƶԶľ룿ռҲ̫˰ɣѲѾռˣ
뵽ߺľһռʵ̫ǿˣʹڣߺҲûпмܹռ壬ǿ缫ˡ
Ȼĸ֣ߺûпЩʱոߺţҲԲЩ棬ܹƿؿռģûмˡ
ԱСԽΪСˣϾռʵ̫ѵˣ
ߺû뵽ƶԷҪ֪֮ˣʮֵĸǿƶԷĻ˵ԷԲǿ
ңԷĽǿ־ģ֮ɿܣûǿ־һоͲᷢӵǿĵزװ˷˲š
ȻڵܵΪʥмôڽ˵ûʲôˣοԷ߿ռĲ
ԣǺ׵ľͽס˶ԷһУҿٵĿֵĲ̨ǰ
Σ̨ûʧĳǰ̨̤ף͵ڽ˰ȫشײһƬҲû˸ߺ˵Ϣ
ǵҲְվصԼԭλãо޴ĽʣΡȻׯϷ࣬ܡ
ǣߺȴ֪ܲôĺǣһ۷ʥ֮ꡣ
ߺһ·̤ȥаСʱ˵ڶ㡣
ڵһ㣬ڶϢǡǡ෴һƬɫķ򣬳Ϣڶ棬ȴǺɫϢ
аħ𣬺ɫϢӰ˵ǡ
ﵽ˺ɫаϢԩε˵һǾȵĻôһ𺳣Ҿˡ
һ·һаԴͷǿķ治ϵ¾ŴڿеĶ
ЩǿĶҲڳŷҲжɹ̵ħǴǵųġ
ңڶȵһ㲻֪˶٣ֻռЩСѡ
ۣ֮ͨߺ̽ˣڶмһһҲһӰֻӰȴĹʬ
ɱģΪĶȫ͹һ˫۾ĵƣڶԷϣһײͷħսס
ս׷·ɢ޾ĿֲϢߺһۣ͸оһĸоϮԼ塣
ڹʬǰͬһƲľ޽֮ϣһ޴ȱڣǾ߹ʬǰʬ˫֣ڽ֮ϡ


722 
ƵýԼ˫ֻۣһۣصߺ뽣ۣ˵·һصС
弱ٵĺˣ˫һ忪ʼһѺۣѪ籡һ˿˿Ѫ鲼
ǣôģڸߺ𾪵ʱǰǸȴ˵ˡ
ԷĻߺԴһ᣺ǰɣѲǽʬ
øûߺȥ·𿴵˲񷣺һǼĺǺþòˣ
·𿴵ңԶԶţߺվˣʲô
æߺȥһﵽ˭Ƕ컨忴ʲô
۵Ļߺ𾪵Ŀһ۽ۣѲɣ㿴
㿴ʲô۵ĻߺȻʶոĳ·𽣵ûпһ
۰Եʵ㵽׿ʲô
޾Ļ𺣣һ޼ʵˮ񱩵ڿռ֮Űǿ̮涼Ƶ֮һ
ⳡս鼰˼˼仹һ˼ɾȻǣɾѾȫѪ
߱鲼ռ䣬ɽεض𣬵ִͬһˮء
ĽâĿռ䣬һȫ˷ĩɫϢ鲼ǿա
һĴƾմӿռ֦֮ҡҷǿսһסˡ
޾Ĺɢǿգǿ֮׹ս֮УһƮͺһ˼һ
ռѣѣʱ鲼ռ䣬ʱĳӣʱĳ֮ѡ
֮Ѫ꣬Ѫ꽵ÿһ£һʬٵ
ŭ𣬴ɢ˵Ĺͷˮ𺣵ɢˡ

ߺԼĶһߺ˶סˣߺĳ˵һ顣
˶ˣ˽֮⣬һˡҲ֮ܳΪˣǾ߿ݹҲˡ
¹ͷһײͬɲ۶ϵĿֲ˳ֻԷ˵һЩӲܹ
ʵڸߺлһû˵׵λʦΪʲôҲƬս֮УдƬռѣʱ䳤ӣ޾Ѫ꣬޾ŭ硭Щĸ
ǸúȻһ㶣ȻߺǿԷı飬ϾԷϾֻʣһƤһã޷пʲô顣
ǶԷ֮еĲܹоԷһ㶡
ʶĸϼһǸԴӸߺ˽֮󣬾һֱûʲôǸߺеʳ֮󣬶ԷȻ˶Լ塣
ۣۣ֮뿴Էĺǲ֣ѲҲҪסԷһвܹأæߺȥ
Ͼߺۣ֮۾ˡ
Ǹߺεҡҡͷаҵ֮۸޷Էûзأ
۾ֵĿǰǸŤԼӣԱ߿ȥϣܹҵ¥ݡ
ǣһʧˣΪԱ߾Ȼû¥ݡ
ǸǰĽ֮ȻһɵһĽŹ̶סˡ
Էһ·һţǸþȻˣΪڽϵķĺȻֵȫ鲼ȥ
סˣǸֿʼһˡ
Ǹ忪ʼϵĶ綼·ʼߺ˫һǣƣԷȻѹסˣ
ÿһݣǷľͽһݣԽԽֱǸòˡ
ɶ񡭡Ǹúݺݵ˵һ䣬ȻͲٶˡ
ߺĿһܵľ󣬷ܵԩʮֵǿʥߵȼġ
ǸãʵȴǸߺ˿ģ۹øߺ˵ųѪۡ
Ҹߺ֮۸ûа취ʥ۷Ǹģܵסߺ֮ۡ
Կϵص˵ԷĵȽһʥڶԷΪ״ﵽʲô׶ΣͲ֪ˡ
ЩķĿһĴ֣ڸߵʲô̶ȣӶԷķӡ֪ô򵥡
ķѾ׵ĸˣ˲ˣڹҹ֮ʱһҪҵķȫָ³Ϊ磬԰
˵仰֮Ǹȫĳȥˣһ仰Ҳû˵
ȫĳȥʱ򣬸ߺȻѾ޷ӶԷϸܵһ˿˵ϢҲ˵ԷѾˡ
ĸߺ˵ϢʮֵϤģԷŨصµߺȫܸо
Ũصߺʮֵ𺳣оԼĶˣϾҪֹͣһ
ⶼǸܵǿɵģҲǸоһ¶ѣͲЧ
ߺûͣ೤ʱ䣬ͿʼæµбȽķǸߺ˵Ŀꡣ
ߺӰٵУ۳һƣʵķһУѸٵĽ֮ᣬҿٵĽǺյԼ֮С
𡭡һӰߴĹӰڸߺǰոոߺеʵķϢǴӶġ
ߺĿǸӰʲôѲ㻹뷴𣿡
ǹӰûй˵ʲôѸٵߺǷȥߺ˫һӸߺ˫֮бȥ

ԷǸӰȻֹסˣԷı㿪ʼϵ͸֮С
ơߺ˵Է忪ʼѳ㣬ǹӰȻİ
ֻһʥ߳ڵ꣬ôǲ֪ߺ˵
սߺ֣Щ̫ǿ꣬ڸߺǰûκεķ֮
ǱȻȸߺһЩֻҪչķͿˡ
ռķϢʱ򣬿еĹҲߺĲˡ
ʱ򣬺ȻǸɿݵԼ˫ۣ˵ԴӸߺ˽ΪĻ
ǹˣ鲻ҪôòãǸͬɲ۶ϵֲٴ
Щ۳ģĲʶʱҾ㳹׵ʧϣ
˵֮Ǹٴεš
ߺоԼܲˣԷȻô
ʱ⼸֣˵һͬ涼ߺߵĵһ㶼ûʲôκεͬ㡣
ֻ޾ķ򣬲ߺûżͻơ
ȴûôĹƣɹͻƵ۽ס
֮еķ򣬳˵һȫߺ뽣ƽˡ
ȻߺɵıȽ϶࣬ȫߺĺˣԼ֮С
ֵǣǵڶҲûǸֵãͬġ


723 
ߺ뽣Լ֮д˺ܶķ˳Ǵӵ߳ʱĵһ׷ױ۵Ĺâ
һ޽ʼʥ֮Ķˣɢҫ۵Ĺâ
߱޽м䣬ʼһĽཻ֯һһϵ󷨡
ߺͲǺˣ۵۽Ǻݺݵһ¡
⴫󣡡۵б⼸֣Բʥ߲ܹʩչĶ⼸ܵĻǡ漶
ߺ֮һȣ꣬˵ʥ֮ôеĵܶٶ漶ﰡ
û˻شߺΪߺԱֻнۣԼ֪Ϊʲô
ڸߺҪ̤ǽ⴫ʱһɫӵһŪ䡣
һߴӰӣ˰УڶӰûаֵĲ𣬿˵ǵڶӰӡ
ðźɫϢףеĲнڶԷǰ˫ֵھ޽Ľ֮ϡ
˫֮гϢȴδߺ˷
ǰߺ˹Լ֣˵
ȻԷûԼ˱ֳʲô⣬ǸߺĪĸоʮֵأǰˣԼ绹ġ
Ȼ֪һʲôоֵǸߺôоġ
ǸصĹʬȻҲ˵ͷǰ޴Ӱڸߺڴһ˿ӰʱһĹâ
Сӣôļ򵥣ΪʲôҴϣܵһʶĸоǰʬӰ˵
ûĸ룬ǵӰͿʼʧڿ֮У³ǹ֮С
ҲڶԷߺһ۵ʱ򣬸ߺȻоԼڶԷкܿԣԼģԼ꺣֮еһУ¶ڶԷ¡
Լ֪Լصλã¶ڶԷ˫۾֮¡
֣ߺͻأıĳ֣һλ֣
ܹһ۾͸ԼȫܣֻԷһ˿ѣܹԼܡ
Ǿ߹ʬݸ˸ߺһ仰СӣΪ֮֮леǸŮˣʲôˣҪСһЩǶһҸɣҲǿҲǼӰ˵ķϡ
ԷܽԼ꺣֮У֮һ֤ԷѾԼȫ͸ˡ
ңԷԼǼĽӰ˶֪ߺ֪Լ뼫ĺرĽӽ֮⣬ʣ˸ղôӼйˡ
֮⣬ûܵʲôеκϢ
ǶԷܹһ۾ͿԼǼĴߣ߹ʬôļ򵥡
ߺ뽣Ӱһʧ֮УǵӰʧʱǼ޽ȴǸ֮ϣǽ֮ϡ
Ǿ޽֮Ϻâһ㣬Ľб˷ȥ뵽˿ռ֮Уżӡǵ㽣â֮С
ռ˲ǸߺվĻ˲䱻Ǿ޴ѹģʹʹȫҲԿסѹ
ߣҲ취ѣڻҳȥʱ򣬾ۼķҪظȫ
֮УǸʬ¶һ΢ЦֻЦЩ˲ҹά
ǴȥĹƬĻһҹ廹Ҫֲҷǳʵ

ߺǰٴһʱ򣬷ԼѾһƬ֮Уεգ֮вûƮſԼʵ
νȴûоߺԶĵطǾߺķλܽ
˸ովͷһǿĹٵԼߺٶȷǳĿ졣
ߺüͷ΢壬ǳǿڸʥ߳ڵĽ׶εȫġ
䡭ߺһܣٵһɢŵâĹΡ
ߺһ֮ͣĹξȻٵСߺһץУ󣬸ߺƺ˺ɵһ
Լ֣·𴩹Ŀռ䣬һֻ޴ĺִӿռγɣӶ֣ĵطʼ˵
Щռ䣬˿ռѷ졣
ߺĺֻӶԲʮ׵ƣֱڿһƬա
ߺĹһ⣬̺ŵĵĿռ䶼롣
ߺһȥûд⣬ǵۻûбϣٶȾͿʼߺĺ޴˵ʱ򣬲ûн֮顣
ǣǵȴѸٵڰеͬʵһ䵽˵ϣˤ䡣
˭
ߺһ־˶Է˲ͷߺķȥߺΪʱ򣬶ԷһЦ
һСȻСʥ֮£ʮӵ飬ҿǻĲͷˣ
Էĳ൹ǲô͹Ψһ͹ľǶµ̣ߺΪ֮ż
۶˸ԼĶͷʥôôɰأ
ȻԼ˵ΪԷ̽һǲ֪ϣ۽켶Ĵ
ۿԷΪҲʥ߳ڶѣ۽׿ܹԼʵ˲Ǹ׶εİ
ߺһû˵ǿ˸ոյԼǰһˣһӵĵ
Ǳ˲䣬ߺ˫һУ֮ϣȻķΪ޵â
ȻֻһɲǣǸߺȴġ
ĵԼĳߣһˣͭɫģ߲⼣֤Ѿ޾꣬ɫĵȴǲƵģǱһ⼣һ
ȱڱ鲼УԿѾǲƵˣһǿϢȴɵġ
ոգһˣߺȴǡɳǰǹŻġ
ҪûʲôɣߺһǱͼ̴ӶԷз䵽˸ߺС
ոսУһǿϢߺ֮ϳҺøߺͨ
֮еķ΢΢һתͽϢסҿٵתΪԼ
յ֮󣬸ߺһ𣬸оԼ֮еȻһ˿
ָоøߺ˫۾ⱬȷˣԼҪˡ
㡭Ҫ֪ժǸʥҪģͲ±׷ɱ𣿡
ſڵϵŅ̀ԼͷǺɫģϢӡ
˵Ҫˣߺûв˵
ÿСӣȻĻҾ㳢ʥ֮ԷǸõʥЦ֪ߵغ񣬿Դ
û˵꣬ߺ۵ƾʹһ󺮷Է׵ĵ˵¡
ѾĿ㣬Դ𣿲֪ߵغ𣿡ߺһ˵ţϿյİȴӶͬһ޴ĲӬģڴӬ
ǸժǸƤֱ̫ˣոҶ˵ʲô˰ɡǲҪûأ


724 ʮ
һ󺮷Ǿ޴ĺƣһµȥٶޱȣǸҪǸߺ⺮֮еķʵ̫ǿˡ
ȻбеĵȦθ˵֮⣬棬ߺ۵ĺƽ͸˽ȥȻн֮ļ
ɶժǸܹô׾ͽ챦ŪߣոջڵſŵˣĴһһ˳ǹͳС
ţһɳǹ֮бܣʼ۳һȦΡ
ǹâһ㣬ΧŵȦλһȦǷκǦӡǹƤߣڳǹĹ켣ϣξȻʧˡ
еĳǹҲɢĹ⻪ȦȫǹȥʱǳǹȻ۵Ĺâ
׹ˣһǹռ伱ٵĿʼ䣬ǳǹڶԷоͺһһٵǰϷȥ
Ǹ˽ĸڳǹĺ棬ӰΣǹ쵽ߺǰʱ˫Ȼץסǹ
ݺݵȥܵԼߺɶUǸһ⣺ԣ˵ʵʵʥ߳ڣ
ǾĿռ䣬޲Էĳǹ˵ƬγһƬգǹϵĹâͬǵβһɢǿĲ
ߺţʹĲܹɱһ켶۽ס
ҲڵĸߺѾΪˣǻǸո̤׶εĻ¼ʹǸߺһҲ
ߡԹԵſڵϾͺˣûվʲôߺһеǱеٵ
һɫĺӸߺɣ̣ӻ֮ʼͬʢĻһŶȥĵҲǲ˺ɫĺ
֮һ棬ߺеȻķǣıɫϢӵ֮ɢȥ
ߺ֣ȻøߺһֲͷŲʹĸо
ֻӶԼеĲеǳĵٵĻƿռ䣬ռ֮гĺ

һǿĳӳ볤ǹλñƬռ˲𣬱һƬա
ԷȻ֣ԼгǹϵȻñˣɫĺ鲼˳ǹٵȥ
Էֵĺ֣ں֮УԼǱн׶ķ֮Ǻģʹõʱ򣬷ӳǹͻǿԼ
ǣںɫ֮еһ֣ķ֣еѾʧˣ˵ⷨѾһƵķ
˵ȸߺеǱеҪƣϣҲΡ
Լֿٵ뿪ǹˣɷ˳ǹҲԲúɫĺԼ֮ϣɲΪԼŵطεн׶ҪӲ
ȻǣС˸ߺеǱеȻһ̣ߺеĲе˹
һٴӳǹ֮ٵİųǹϣǸ˵ϢԷȥ
ʲôڸңߺһþԼеķϵĴǸСʥʮӵĶԱһ߻еĲеߵǸȥ
ߺɲΪƾһܹסǸʥ߳۷ˡ
ɲʥ֮еһʩչԼȫԣߺΪԼܹ׵ĻܶԷ
ȻԸߺǵԷԼĵȦٴͷųһȦΧڶԷߡ
͵رȥǷʮֵǿһȦɢȥߺǵ̱顣
ǣ漴ǵ޴ĵУȴöԷֵġ
˵˭ΪʲôҪɱҵأһĺѸٵĲڵϣǷ˲ѣǹҲѡ
ǹһµĻϣգǵгܲסôĴٵˣɵ㺮âɢռ䡣
һӰҲ֮£żǹβ֮ϣĿŸߺ͸ߺеǱе
λСֵܣеǱе¶ȡģǲǸù黹أվǹ֮ϵǸԼ֣Ÿߺ˵
ţߺ˫һУŲеֻѾͣˣһֻȴûͣ£಻еĺơ
ôʱ䣬ĺȴûһ˿Ѫ
Ǹ˵Ϣ֮󣬸ߺĺȻͣסĿŶԷȻջأ»һȦΣɢڸߺܡ
ȴ۵ĵȦΣȴöԷ΢΢һȣĵ۽ף
ߺĿǰǸˣ˵ôӦòẦ°ϾʥڵĽ׶ˣ
ϿңȻǸɫһ䣬֮ǰĵ֮ɫŭ˵
ߺԶԷļת䣬ȴûжֻĿŶԷ֪ıһɲǸıôడ
㡭
ʵߺҲ͸ӦˣԼ֪ķΧڣȻǿϢϢԼ屳󱻺Ƶ˲޲졣
ǣʮ˵ϢȴʥڷΧĽ׶ΣڻûˣߺͲ֪ˣϾߺΪûǿ̶ֳȡ
ˢৡδȴȵԶߺ߷ĿȴǰǸվǹϵߡ
ߣǿɶСӣһˣվڳǹǸˣ֮бŷŨصɱ
ܣʼΣԼµǸ˳ǹȡ£ֳǹβȫУԲεǹâ
Щǿĵ⻹ûбƽͱһȦǹâɨ顣
ԷȦγɵʱ򣬸ߺܵıԵ
ɵҡҡͷҵʵԸʥ߳۷Ǵ´࣬ǶԸмģеǿֻܵȵҵΪɳʥˣ
˵գߺҪߣûֵߺߣЩɢǿߣѾ˸ߺǰĿŸߺ
˸ߺܵǸ֮⣬һȫʮصˣߺԷо
·ԷͲڶѣƫƫߺܹԷ
ԷһʮˣϸոյǸߺǳߣԷһʮˡ
еʮʥڽ׶Σʥ۷˶С
ʣľʥ߳ڵΪȻΪ£ʤڶࡣ
ӳһ˿˵ľ޴ӡУѾɺǸˣ˵
ߺеĲеͱߺԼ꺣֮Уǲûзڴ֮
Ǹߺ룬ǵߺҪ֮ʱȴͻȻ֣Ǳе޷У񴢴֮Ʒ׸Ͳ
Сʥ£ʮĳԱ֪ûпһеǸ֮Ϊӳվ˳ĿŸߺ


725 
ºøߵΪո˵ǱеҵȷǿߺѽԼ֮еӡˣû¶ֵĺ
ߺ仰Է۾һʲô˵Ѿ֪˲еȥǲأ
˵ţԷ˫һУ˫֮У͸¶һ˿˿ĵߺȥ
һֱվڸߺĲԶԷеĽģγһڣߺķӦȴǱȽ۲Զˡ
˫֮кεĻ֮ɫĺˣҪɱҰҪɱңǱûңҵû֡ûеɱҰɣ
ԷһЦΪʲôҪɱأҪ̱ƹֺֻ񲻴ҾͲˣ벻Ҫأ
ߺɫһ䣬ɫֵָȻʣͷҵΪˣ
ߣûУЩ̫ˣ޿ޣʮӳҡҡԼͷ˵
ߺͦԼ΢΢ƫݵ壬һЦҸ𣿡
ӵõĻСʥµʮӳãûܹҵأöŸߺ˵
ߺŽ΢΢ʹһɫ۵ͷʾ⣬ٵȴ
Ӱ罣ſռ֮еϢٵ߳ȥԷٶҲϼ֡
öԼ˵ͷʥ߳ڵ˵˵ͷٵ򽣵ȥķ׷ȥ
ߺ΢΢𣺡㻹濴ңֻɳ׷ɱȴôɱң
ող˵ҵôڸÿʼˡԷĻû˵꣬һĽͽĻϡ
õüͷ΢΢һ壺ô£ǸСһȻôǿ콣𣿡
󣬶ԷָӦһüͷĸˣһص콣ۣٳֹôŵˣ뽫֮ɱˣ
ǽһߣò׳ˣô̵ĨɱðɣһӰ̤УÿһһڶԷĽ³֡
׽ʥ㱾ģ˫һ𣬳ԾĿǸ̤еˡ
ԷϰƮƮķ˿ͬһһɢڸߺı
ԷȴһľǷǳͨľʲôϡƷֵľģҲûκεĻƣʮִһľ
ǣôһȴøߺеּʹмҲȲϵ
Ǹʲôһľӭս𣿡ߺվԭأȴ޾˻ΪոջʮĮĽãڿľ֮¶ִʧɫı飬ߺûа취Էϵһ
Сӣɣû뵽ǽֳһصĵ۽ˣԷŽߵķ΢΢ǣһӰͿٵԷȥ
ϤӰߺӶˣ⡭Ǹˣǰһﶼûа취֮ȣ
ɳҲʮֵľְںٵ׷Žۣкݺݵâ
ǸΪ׽ʥ˫һָ⣬ٵԷȥֻһգۣԷĵײһ
Ѹٵı飬ȥƲԷһ͸ʬȻȫˣ˫Ϭ񣬵֮ϵѾȫʧˡ
ߺ˫͹ɣҲ̫ǿˣֵֻͿɱʥߣҽԷȫʢˣ
һ֮ӶԷ֮۳ŷ֮ꡣ
˫һУеĽҪȡǻûеȳʱ򣬰׽ʥֹΪ
ˣҵ֮Уʥܵģ޷׵׽ʥ֪еһЩ顣
Է뷨Ѹٵʧ˿֮Уߺ֣Լ򣬾ȻҲûа취ɹĽոյǸ׵
Է֮еȻʧˣеȴʧˣߺ֪ԼûнԷΪԷҪǳֵĻһɢ뵽Լĺ֮С
ǣߺûдӶԷ֮иоԷϢҲ˵ԷϢȫʧˡ
ôѲʥ֮ԵʣҲƵطĴڣǸصĹʬɵ𣿡
һϵеٵԼԴ֮ǣߺȴĲǺףΪԷӡ״̬Ӧôﲻﰡ
׽ʥϲǽҵһλͬˣʱϱߵϺȻһƬơ
޴Ļֲյһɶˡ
ڻ֮ϣһߣŻ߸Ǹɫӣʮֵᡣ
ʥôп˰׽ʥ˫һУЦ
˵еľȻһ޿ƥеƥٵǵƹȥӴĽ˺ѵĿռ䣬𾪰˷ƥɢĽɢĽ
ǽɢȥܹ˺ѿռ䡣
ߺԴЩϸоǽܹе
Ĵض˺ˣһ蹵˴ϣףɽѣһɽ˲ͱˡ
ЩɽǰʹƬʥӲȻǷǱѰģʹߺþȫҲԲܽһɽ顣
ǣ׽ʥʹǾ޴ɢһͿԽ֮ȫԿ϶ǣԷһͿԺʵĺɱߺ
ǻһŤ֮󣬾ȻıˣƬĻƶըˣ֮Ϸȥ濪ʼ˻꣬Ȼɵߺ˵ǰ
׽ʥֻһ֣һɫĽͽı棬ߺһ󳤳һԺ
ȶᣬߺޱȵϵĶĻꡣ
ǻʮֵĴ󣬸ߺĿõɫʮĻꡣ
ɼĿֲǻ˰׽ʥĻ֮ϣȻһ˿ûγɡ
׽ʥôӴѵ𣿡ǸĸƵĻʥ䵽ϣ΢ЦĿվİ׽ʥ
׽ʥҲ΢΢һЦѣţĳϣ˵ȷѣǽ飬»ֲɣ
ǽ飬ȷֲǻɽ죬ǡʵǣֵ֮˵ʥɫȻ
֮ǵĵõģӦǵģʱһĵâ׽ʥ
׽ʥֻȲ֣ǵâͱڶԷˡ
СʥһͶҷҿԿս룿׽ʥʵ
ʥĴһҳԾ׽ʥ˵
ߺпЦҲԼ뽫֪ڴ֮ǰĻժǸˡ
Ӽ˵̸֮УߺõϢʥ棬ΨĴɽժǸԼСʥڵĵ룬Ĵ޽еĴ


726 
ˣߺ֪ˣԼеıĲƵУǿ˵֮֡
СʥĿŽãã㽫ִ֮ߣȴʧˣڸңеֵ֮ȥʲôطˣ
ҡҡԼͷɫʮ侲˵Բ֮ûбס
Сʥ˫һ󵶹ȻıޱȣһΣո˵Ļ
˵⻰СʥһȭԱߵĿռ䣬Լ˽ȥóһɢ޾âı
ߺһ۾ͿԿڼƷʮֵǿ󣬹ǵâͱȰ׽ʥ֮޼
Сʥĵ⣬ָʮӳһ˲䱬ʮӳҶܣֻǵû䵽ϣǴϻ
һѪ˲ϳ֣Ҳϵ˺ϵĹͷ϶һۡ
ԼĲֻǾԼһεεѪѪ뵽֮Уɢڿ֮С
ô㻹ʲô˵Сʥ˵еĵ𣬺µ˼ĻʮӵĶӳø˵ˣھŷӵĶӳһֱ뽫ĵʮӺϲ
õһЦ㲻ɱҵģΪֵ֪֮
Сʥеĵ˲ȥһǿĵȥĿռһ
룬Ϣҷɱ㣬˵ɣҪĶСʥеĵԼıϣ˵
ߺҲ֪Է˵֮ԼУҾԼĻ꺣֮УǶԷô֪Ǳ֮أѲ볶ѡ
õһЦԼָƶߺϣ֮־С
ߺԷϹأȻʲô֪ˣ
ɣϣɫϲĿŸߺֱš
ҿԭϹµģ˵أԲ֪ߺ仰˵ӸоԾεĿܡ
λ˵ո棬𣿡
۽ԼֺݺݵסԼĶͷһǰ׳𣿸ոݼͦģû뵽ô
׽ʥ˽۵Ļ˵ôǸһʶ𣿡
ô׳յˣôʶأ˵һ۸ߺҪɱ˵嶼ˣε˵ðɣҳϣн飡
׽ʥԼ°ͣš˼СӣҲ۽ףôһ㣿
ԼΪӡˣǰһǸһɣô˵ҵȹܶˣϣĿ׽ʥ
׽ʥ¶һ˿аЦڻܾҸоˣС֮ʮֵأЩһҪ²ôףҲһϲء
ʲôأʲôϲǾ㤰ɣۿ˰죬׽ʥҲûжֵ˼ͷȤĿⳡս
ȲμⳡսҲȸߺ
ߺһĵ۽ףӵôһԲʲô£ңĴʵϣ֮ǧ˿ƵĹϵôֵĻûɣ
ۿŸߺε뵽ֵܣรɣҲûʲô취ˣ
ߺȻ˽۵񣬸˶ԷһĵĿŶԷЩˣǡҪɱң
Сʥʥûжǿһ۽׵ˣȻǱǻֵǵݳ֣
СʥԱ߾кܶ๷ʥڽСʥĹԼҧˡ
ãʧ֣֮񣬾ִаɣСʥ˵
ҲʮֵΪѣԼȥҲ棺㡭ȥ
ָһˣʥڵľ磬ȻϺܶ౶Ǳߺȴǿ˺ܶࡣ
ߺͷϲϵð亹⼸һ֧СϲϣһǱʧͺˣ
Ǹʥڵߣڽյ֮󣬲ûгɣת˸ߺǰ״
Сӣѡһǽ֮óһԸһȫʬǱǧ֮Լȡ֣֮
ߺĵĴ˴ڣ˵ɴ֣֮Լͷ­ˣ
ڤ粻ͱĺˣ˵ţԷԼٶȣٵĽӽߺ
߳ߺȻһôһ֣ĿӸߺĿбһȦȦԷȥ
ʮֵǿռ䶼ˣͬĲһһƬƬĴӿе
ţ˻ģʥ򶼲ˣСӣһ˰
׽ʥǵһ䵽оʧӰΡ
ۡոǸʥڵˣ̲ס³һѪ˫һ䣺ʵˣ
ܹ飬ļô֪ܲأϷ׷üͷ
ڸոոߺǸֵʱ򣬸ߺʵȻʱԷٴﵽʥڵĽ׶Ρ
һನʧ֮󡣸ߺҲӰѾˡ
ǸʥڵεĿĽãһ
漴תͷСʥԲˣ
޷ֻҪֻ֮صǵУĹʧȥСʥ֮вһ˿飬·һһ㡣
ǡ¶Խ֮׷˵ţõӰһŤʧԭأٳֵʱѾǧ֮ˡ
»ǷﰡʥЦ
׽ʥȴûгЦԷ˼˳˼У԰ԣԷһУҺĿòǡ
ۿ׽ʥ˳˼ѯʵ׽ʥ
׽ʥҡҡͷӦòᣬѾʧˣԲܳһϣҲӦǵͷȮ

ߺһڿпٵӹбıֱո˲ǰС
ҲǵͷȮһ壬ΪСİȫġ
һǾԼ崢淨Ȼһ˲ЩѸٽԼʵһߵĵزȻֻмӶѡ
һţǵͷȮһĴطˡ
ؼԼ𶯣ռ𶯣Ӷ
Ǿ£ֻʩ߲һĻֻһŭ𣬾ͿöԷ֮еȫ
ߺ죬ǵһʩչңҲոǿʥڵĽ׶ΣѾǿ֮ĩˡ
С棬÷ŭĺš
ߺһ߿ٵķУһ߷ŭĻͷҿңõ
⼸ֵͬһٵȥڲϿԼĽϡ


727 ۵
һı任ɽȻʮֵ򶨣ǣӸոûҸոֻǺһѰ
һһϼķıѸٵĳС
еıӶеĵɵӰγɵ֣һȫƬ
ЩƬɢڿеʱ򣬸ߺתԼ壬һڿпٵĶǵನ
һ߿ٵԼʲô˵Ϊǲ˵˶ġ
ߺΪԼйĹϵһ˵Ļ࣬ڣ֪ԼӦ˵Щʲôˡ
ߺϵһعˣ֪ܲԼ˵Щʲô
߲ҧϵеη֪٣ʵûа취֮£ߺпʼ˶ʱĸ
ֻֻס˵һ仰һ仰ȴˡ
ðɣʵǵĲֹһ䣬ʵľʫֻסһ仰仰Ѿˡ
ȻʫȫԣϿڣ̺һرζĶӸߺĿб
һһʹܹƵһ㣬ҲԲܳ׻һҪĶʮ
ҲסʫĹͰɣΪϿڵԭỷۡ
ȻߺСոպ⼸仰֮󣬽úݺݵһһʮɵĵϱȥݺݵǲϡ
ǣǶʮȦֻ΢΢һ£ͬһʯͶƽĺˮһһĲ
ʮȦûƵһĺϵһһٽõĵ˳ȥ
ţǺϳһȦٴùȥ
õһ㶣û뵽ԼȫһȻԷ˫һǲײĲᰡ
ǲƺĲߺո˵꣺ţƺʲô
ȻˣǸߺûŵԼ޵УϾԷһʥ߸߼ĸְ
ڸߺʵѾʱʥмǣķȴûгɳֵز
ңԼʵԶûа취ָ
ʥ֮Уߺ˵ûͻƣһַӡԼ֮Уγ
һ֣Ǳߺ˴֮УĿռ˷
һСҵ۵ΪĪĺôҲǸʱСߵĸߺ
ߺҲĿʼԣΪ뵽ʥطԼı֤
Ҳҿˣܹνֵ֮Ĳе֮£ܹܵʱ
ȻĻԷֻĳһʥھˣȫԽߺ⳹׵Ĩɱ
ߺҲԲˣҲֿסǽӶĹ
õѸٵĳΣеĵһ㽫ȦȫܽԼĵС
Ǳ̺̫ڵϿʼֲ󲨶пʼͷţƬռ÷顣
ߺţмԲܳסǿ˲𻵵ġ
ֲã߼ʥʹõĶǸ߼ĻмѾ֪𻵶ټˡ
쵶˫һеĵٵߺϻȥһٵĴĵбȥ
ৡ
ߺȻǿ󣬵Ǹ߼ʥߵȫһ޷ֵ˲俪ʼ顣
һȦȦĲʼϵɢܵľʯȫĩ쫷ϯ񷣬γһƬɳ籩
ڿʱ򣬸ߺӰѾܳ˺ԶˣȻǿ󣬵Ѿ׷Ѿܳʮ֮ĸߺˡ
۷ʥߣûа׽ʥԴӼ뵽֮ʥ߳ƺŶûС
ʥˣʮӳµĶԱȫʮ֮ˣǰֻܹôųƺ
ڸոǸģţĹѾ޷ܵˡ
ҲŹģΪе֣֮Լ˫һĿߺıӰٵߺƶȥ
еĵԷŵĿռ䣬һƬƬ飬þòϡ
ڽߵʱĵӰѸٵĳڸոսĵطں׷İ׽ʥˡ
ʥŽԽԽԶıӰ̵ЦСʥ²ôأ룬һΪǵôƴ
Сʥ˫۱󵶹⣬һƬƬĿռ䱻գʥҪΪ㣡
ʥСʥôŭֻһЦ漴׽ʥôѣ
׽ʥĿ˻ʥһۣбâҾ㣬ѣɽҲԲΪѣ
У˭ЩˣʣСʥ£Ǹʮӳôʥ߰˵Ŀһеĸ߰
׽ʥ˵ѶĲǷ򣬶ˣΪԼĵĸ뷨ʱ򣬻ʮֵǡ
˵⣬׽ʥԼ֣нâһĹ⽣УԽԽ
µʱǱȻƬƬ䡣
һļµʱ򣬾ͻֳĲг¶©ۡ
׽ʥһϯĽ۵˵ͷ˼ʲô֮͸¶󽣹⣬ȻͻƵĺۼ
׽ʥ˵ͷο˵ӿɽҲҽڲõĽֻһ֣
ͨ׽ʥһϯ۾Ȼˣڰ׽ʥԱߣ۾ʥ֮
ʥ˫һУ΢ɲĳһɱЦڸǹȥˡ
׽ʥΪңȻ̸ܹ˵ôµĶǽԺλ֣ܲ򵥰
ʥЦţǣĸУֻЦ
׽ʥ΢ЦһЦҸո˵ģͬӦϣɽĵһţʥ̫ˣ
˵˵ҪСһ˵õһĴУ£ʹ˸ˣ
˵ţ׽ʥһ䣬ʧڿ֮С
ߡļһСʥ˵ߺȥķеһ˿ɣǣͽĻ˵ĻмֵĿŶȣ
ʥЦ˵ˣҪǵһʦţ
ʲôαĶȻҵʦţѵ㵱Ҳ𣿡Сʥ˫һŻʥ˵
ʥС˫֮⣺ôսҲԣɽһǿ󣬻㵶һŰԵ
䡭
ĿռգѸ֣ǽһξ֮ս
ϧǣⳡ֮սȴûмʸۿҪ֪˶ʥʵǰʮĴڡ
ܹǵ¼ֲģǧˡ
ټʥһǧˣʲôʣûмܹۿ


728 ʨ
ˮͷܵܽ䣡СʥʥսʱھԶĵطɲϵĴߺ˵
ͬϵľһ죬һȦȦɢǿĲĽá
ߺո˵֮һǿҵĵֱߺĺߺòٵĽܡ
õĸоҲǺܺܣһȦȦΣߺ˵ĻѪ
Ȼǿ󣬵ƾʵȫԵֵһɢںš
ţȫȦȦԼǰ֮ǰ֮ȫ顣
ǣԼģǲϴдԡ
硰ˮ˻ԾãһȦȦ֣Ȼȱߺ۳֣ȻһصõϹȥ
Ƶԣߺ˵˺ܶ࣬ÿһνöƵҪѪ
ǣƫƫߺǳǿ󣬼ϸߺ֮еѾʥڵľ磬Ҫô칥ƸߺҲԲô򵥵顣
ߺҲʮֵĿɬԶսߺȻоˡ
ǿܹɽѣߵߺȻ֪˭ġ
һСʥģȻûкСʥԹУСʥͷԼĽá
ǼƷϢߺԶǡ
ʹӣԷԾǶԼ꺣֮еֽ֮׷ţֻ֮ǲƵģԿֺ֮ԼĻҪǿ
ʹǲƵģԷôڴˣԿֵ֮ǿʢʲôزˡ
ô죿һѾƣӦˣǿСʥǻʥһ˲䱻ɱˣ
ߺȻСʥԼ֮أԼҲûˣֱɱˣһöԷһЩԼҲһЩĥ
ңŲϵʹߺԼ֮еԽԽˣϾҪľˡ
طֻܹʱøߺʵʮӣΪֹߺѾ߷ˣֻʣˡ
ź󷽽ý׷ƣҪӰѶԷǲܵġ
󷽵ĽԱȸߺżʲô֪ܡ
һĵӷߺӶȥȻߺٵĶܣǻܲıԷһԼϡ
ۡߺһѪӿɢ䵽ռ䣬Ȼʧڿ֮Уߺ˫֮е۹̿ʼɢ
ԷһУ֮еɢˣҿԷûлԼͷȻĻߺĻ꺣ᱻǿȫ顣
ڸߺ֪۷ʥߵĿֲһȥԼ֮۵ȫɢˣԼǿĺסԼԪ˵ԼᱻϵΪ
ߺ̽Լ꺣֮еĴķȫʩչԼľ֮УԼûɢȥԼ֮ڣֹԼΪȫƵ
Ҫ֪Щ֮лʩչطӵеǱƳˣԼĻӵˡ
ʹԾһֵӸߺ֮бͷ˳ȥʮӵʱһӡ
ߺɫһ䣺ֻܹƴһˣ
Լ֮طԼȫȫԼĵ֮ڡ
̫գЦС˵磬Ϊʲôըҩ˵ҪѧУ첻ٵһߣҾܣһѧУըûˣ
Ǹߺһ˵ôʱĻҪߺ޷˵
仰˵ʱ򣬸ߺȫþˣ̱ڵϣвϵĴŴ
ɰڴһˣȫô׾ƵˣҲ֤ˣˣߺ˵
֮ͬо˵ĺõоҪɢˡ
ʱ򣬽þȵķ֣ԷһеʵȻֱƸ߼ʥߵԼоһ˿еĸо
Է֮У̺һһĺٵ֮Уһĥ֮еһ߻ָô̵ŶԷ֮еĻܡ
ߺ𣺡Ϊƾֶܹʤ𣿡
еıӶһγһŵߺֶȥ
ǣߺһʵ̫ǿˣЩǰһ㱡ֽһ㣬˷ĩ
ǣ֮ȴߺסˡ
һ磬ߺȫУȴԭأ֮еʼĳԼ֮⡣
룬ߺĺʵ̫ǿˣͬƹ֮ޣ治ᣬоԼڲ㣬һ㺮ΧţסԼԪͨ
һȦȦǷ֮Уȴܵƣͻҳ壬޷õ塣
ⷽԲ֮ڣ˵磬ͬĵڰУĴؿʼѣһڿռ֮С
巽ԲףϽ˵磬ĵڿзֳ֣һֿʼٵĶԸǿ
һ֣ǲϵĿʼۣڿбһ޴ı뽫еĵһ޶ĻҲһģһ
֮еĺҲΪ¾ԮԱõȫ
վԼ壬ĿſһȦȦŤ˫һеĿ쵶һתٵȥ
ƶǷСҲʼƶߺȫϤ
ʥߵ򣬻Ǹ߼ʥߵĳ̶ȣȫԳһС˰
ߺ澪ֵ˵ʥ֮Уߺȫûа취Լʩչ̶ֳȣԲ׶ǲˡ
ȻԼ֮Уߺȷ޵еģֽ׶εߣ˭ɵԼԷ֮С
οԲ׵򣬶ԷͲ῿ôĽ
䡭Ƿ֮УڰѸߺȫƵˣҲô򵥵ġ
θߺһ½ϿڵĶ裬ʮֵǿҲİɣΪֶ½Ѿܶûˡ
˵ʲôû֪ҲֻԶŴ½ϵ˻֪
ڣõѾѪˣ۽ǻѪӱΧţվǽߺƵˡ
㾹ȻôңҪúõһ٣Ҫ֣뿪һΣѾӽˡ
С㾹Ȼ۸ҵϣҿǻˣʱ֮кȻѿһ޴Ŀӡ
һֻ޴צӣ󵽷Բɣ޷ֻצӡ
צڱεһգȻݺݵĴ
ֻצӣѩɫߺ˿İһҵġʨ
ѩ׵צӣһһǰϢݺݵԷ֮ĴȥǿѹߺоԼѳ˼ݡ
ס֣סצҪһɱ𣿡ߺþԼһ˿


729 չ
ߺһͺڣצӹȻ£ǿٵССǿеĴڣצӵķλС
һֻͬһıʨڸߺ˵ǰǼʨ
ˣⴿᣬġأʨεЦ
Ҳûа취飬ϾԷҲԼķΧ֮ڣǸոոߺһ䣬˵ߺѾ˼ʨ֮¡
ƣܹߺˣʱ֮ڣʨʵҲ˲ٰ
ৡʨʧתۼ˽õǰԼɰצӣݺݵõȥ
ҲʲôƲ磬Ѿ˶ԷӰͳеĹ켣һ£ֵܹһ¡
ٵĽԼеıֵԼǰǾ޴צӺݺݵ档

һȦ޴ĲܱǱ̻мԷҲɹĵֵס˼ʨһץĹ
һֻ֮ٵȥľÿһñľľм
󣬺ݺݵ˵£Ȼһ˿Ѫ
ڵѾˣԼ֮неһ˿ʼԼ֮塣
ҿԷ֮еĲû̫࣬Ҳڸߺһʱ֮һѡ
ҪһֱǸߺǣȴǼʨģȱԭصȴŶԷָҪսء
Է뷨ߺҪˣⶼʲô°ڻôԲеҪһƽԾ
ʥ۷壬ԷֻǸ߼ʥߣͲһȼϣѵȱ
˸ߺǴ̵ʨķ˸ߺ֪ܣҪľ
ŽõǸĳһצˡ
һѸٵĽצӰ˰УеĵʹʨצӰ롣
һĨϤӰڸߺǰߺĶˣףӦھѵѾԷˣ
ھ˫ýֺͷ붼֪ˡ
ոսûн֤ûа׽ʥ棬ʣСʥʥˡ
ʨҵ֮ôǿ޵Ĵڣһʥ۷ȼģСʥüͷ΢壬˵
ʱһƬӰҲСʥԱ߳ˣżʨ壬Ҳ΢΢ľȣ˵ոոоһǿϢأԭǼʨģ
ʥʨôôоԷڿһأ
Ȼߺϣʥ̿˵СʥսΪֹòãս
Сʥüͷּһ㣬ʲô˼ܲ˵׵㣡
ʥ˫֮лһ͸¶һ˿̵Ц⣺Ѳûп⼫ʨԾǸСһģСһУҪ֮֡
֪ܲ˵ص㣡СʥԼŭԼеƽͣ˵
ʥһЦԼͷһ촽Σֽʨץס֮ɱСӣ֣֮ҡҪʨ
Сʥ˫΢΢һУ飬ҲǲУȡ裬һսҪ֤ǰ棬ˣʲôУ
йˣȻʮֵǿҲȽ߻ħ뵽˼ά֮С
ܹסģѡһˮԵߣԵĸˡ
ǽ֮һöڵԱʱ֮裬ǽ߻ħʱ򣬻ָٶܹϼǼʮ
ϾʨڵΪѾʥ۷ˣǵĵȽࡣ
ˮԹˣڵ֮ȻУǻǱȽѰҵġ
֮Ĵ֮еĺžͲ⼸꣬Ȼӳģкܶǰġ
ڴ඼ǻҵǿߣƽѵһ
Щõģڰǰͱɾˣûмˣ˵⼫ʨԻʥ˵һƷˡ
˵һأһǲĺܺóأ˵ţߺһ˼ǵı飬򼫱ʨҲǹֱ
ʨߺֱ֣¸ߺ˵ϣ㲻ҪӺòãȻĻҾĲˣ
ߺ˦˦Լͷµ뷨˦Լ⣬Ц˵ôأΨһĺˣɣôܵļ߰ɣ
˵գߺ˼ʨıϣܡ
һͷ߰ʨӣòã㻹İҵˣȻñӣҿ򰡡
ʨܹߺϤˣ뵱ڼ֮УǲҵսʨʹŸߺСӳǸط
ߺ֪Էֻ֪֪ʨһֻʮѵõޡ
ǣһμʨ֣ѾǧˣǼûзӡʱ
ԣڼʨô֪أ
ʨ³һڼΪǿҵĺԲǧĿռ䶼סˣϴ񷣬¶һˡ
ڷԲǧ֮Уʼɫѩʥûгֹľ󡪡ѩ
һƽȫ˱򣬱Ӷعư硣
ʨŸߺٵӴܣһӰȥ
ֻһ֮󣬵ͽƬˣСʥʥɫĴ˳
ҾȻһֻ޴ҵǰˣһ֣֮ⲻˡѽáСʥ˵ǵͳģ󣬼ֱǺ
ߺһĲࡣ
ԼƣСʥǰ£ʲôԸ
֪ͨʥʮݣͨˣͨϢߣһмɱʬߣһ߼ҽǵУͼƷ
ʥĬĬһƬƿٵʧʣ󣬻ɽҲ͵ľ
ңǮȵģʤһ߳һ
ҲһǾǸߺߵļʨѶȴҲк֮ܶ͡
ŵʥΪߺһˣȻʼ˿ʼѰҸߺټϣܹһ
Ҫ֪һʥߣżƷͼʵȫͬĸ
ԷΪ˴ߺҲɷѿģȻʹºģôߵ͡
Ǹߺ֪˻᲻ὫԼ͸أԺΣڵĸߺûа취ˡ
Ϊߺͻƣʨ֮󣬾ͽ˱չص״̬֮¡
ڻָ֮󣬸ߺȻоԼΪһ˿˿ңͻƵĸоˡ
ΪԺõʥ֮ߣߺɴѡһطʼչͻʥߡ
ߺʵ㣬Ѿһֻ̤ʥˣ˵ͻʥ߶ԸߺҲѡ
ңߺҲʶԼΪȻܹѹʥ߳ڣǣһڣͲǸߺܹѹƵסˡ


730 ʮ
ߺڸķȫڴ֮Уڱչ֮ǰҲȥһΣҵ۵ΪѾ켶۽ˡ
ʥ߳켶ţԸ޷켶
СʵͱȽ˷˼ˣֻǽ˫ۣһеķͷӵ壬и졣
ңҲʼڲΪֻеķ̫ˡ
ֻ˯Ϳߺеԣ̫ⷽˣԼһ˯һΪͺˡ
ˣôףսΡ
Сôƽ̹滹޵ϢߺĻǲǶԷѾСһˡ
Ϊߺһô̵ʱ䣬ԷȻѾﵽ۽ˣңΪԾ˵ٶš
ߺɫǵ֮ǸŮ˵ӰȻ˵һ𼶲лꡣ
仰ߺǶԷ𼶲л꣬ߺҪ
ѲнܵϵĻԼɾΣˣгһգԷΪָ۷壬һԼ
Է𼶵ʹԼõ֮ĴУҲսԷ
ǿͳδǧ磬ʵѹﰡ
ԼĹʬУ˷׵λʦֵǿƣ׵пܾ
֣ͿԽһƬڸߺǸеľ޿ƥеߺʣԼϣֻĽ
ԣʵڶԸߺ˵ǿ̲ݻģ֮δս֮бסԼΪһ֮ˡ
Ըߺʣ̶ֳȣ飬ֻʱ⣬ߺǷȱģǡǡʱ䡣
ڣߺѾˣǾ̳ңɼңԶ
ǼĴеʲôطڸߺ֪˵̳ˡ

ڴ֮УߺĶĺ˼ȴûеõӦĲ·ıһ㡣
ߺΣֻóбչء
֮еٵߺӿߺҲһʱ䣬ߺչصɽУӿ֮ٵߺƶȥ
ߺڷĸҲԽԽ𽥵ģߺϿʼɢֺû˵¶ȣûбκ
ߺеʮֵʥ࣬·˵һ㣬ļࡣ
ʨҲǾְһֱڸߺչڵɽ֮ػţߺչصĵطɽΪصĵط
ʱţеԶ޷оʱĴڣʹʱ䣬ҲָֻһӼ䡣
θߺһνʱôõıչأգۼߺѾչʮˡ
ڸߺչʱ򣬸ߺϾͲڿʼðֱ˵ʥϢͬոħһȫĺڸߺӿ
һʱ䣬ɽȻ˺ɫģɫĺӿ·Ҫ綼ûһ㡣
ɽһʨ״ıǣһһ㣬ȫһ˿ϢûУʮһδ
ɽ֮ⲻӿźɫĺģʥĺı䣬ȫͬɽϡ
ʹɽȥһףһڣΪƬɽ֮е澰
ʱֹȥ꣬Ƭ̤ɽʼӭµĿˣǸߺĻһʮֵ졣
Щ֮ǰСʥĵʮӶԱǵĶӳȴû档
ңʮʥھߣֻһ죬ʮʥ߳ڵߡ
СӳǾôʲôΣհɣ˵һ۽ףһӵط
̫ªˣǴӳ˵ʵԷһʥ۷ļʨػһצͽ֮ˣ
ʮʮ֮УʵһˣҪȻŷҲŽ̵ˣӻҪ󰡣
οǵĶӳˣʮʱ䣬ȻѾָĲˣɻһ㣬ʵﲻ۷塣
ǸɶСӣҪϣȻһҪʬΣ
Сӳ㿴ɽôһһףǲʲôƷ
һ˵еж͸¶̰ɫǾ޴ɽ˶ɵĿһԼĶѡ
˭ӵһƷӵмƷĻʵһ¥ʥڵĴﵽ߼ʥߵʱ˵ܹƴżƷʵһٳΪӳ
ǸʱݾͲһˣǿǵ֮Уǿʮֱ֯ӹ鵶ʥСʥͳ졣
ֻǣǲ֪沢ǼƷһɱ񣬶֡
ǿɽʱڿиӣʥɽ֮һĨԼԼܿʨӵ״
˷׷޵ĿһԱߵļˣ˭ûȶνвҲ˭ȶ˭ͻΪʸ֮ġ
㡭ȥȥǸСӳһ
СӳЦˣǼƷػޣ΢ĩʵôܹӳᲢأ
㲻Ǿɱ㣡˵ţǸСӳһһС
Сӳгŵ˫֮оէ֣ƽԼǸԱ㶯
ǸԱԼӳɱڵ֪ԼǲĻǿ϶ӲԷһ治ȥһеᡣ
ֻ⶯ȴ˵ģǴɽ֮дġ
ţɽʼһѷ쿪ʼӴɽ֮γɣϵɽӣͬһζ壬ɽ롣
ţһӰϼٵķ˿ľʯǾ޴ʯͷƾԼͷϡ
䡭䡭
Щͷϵʯͷޱȱɷĩдľ磬ϳȥ
վڰеʱЩĩֹԣɳȥγͬһ㣬ߺС
Щ˶ʥߣ˫з͸˲Ŀռ䣬ֱ͸ӵȥˡ
ֻɿߺס
ߺͬɽһһ͸¶Ŵ۵ʥâ˲ֱӣһ͸¶ĵĳ̺ŷĿɡ
µ˭ܱܲǵʮСӳСӳվڿУǰŸߺĹ˹֡
ϤϤŰСʥʮӳãǿɷʶ˵ţߺȫƵȥеʯĩһɨա
ߺϵĹ⻪ҲɢȥߺӰǵǰ¶
һ㶣оʼ߶µ߶ǡǡǡ
ߺͷǺߣңûô˽ˣ
Ա֮ǰߺ˵˲٣ҲǺһֱܹӽ˶ᡣ


731 Ҳ
һڸߺģе˶ʶȻ֪֣ǣǿǲʮǰǴжԶڸߺӣǻʮġ
ڸߺˣǵӡҲǷǳ̣һߣܹһʥڵ߻ˡ
ҴӸ߼ʥߵĲ׷ɱ֮ӶݣȻһͷʥ۷ްæܹһıͲࡣ
Ҫ֪ߺڸ߼ʥ¼˽ʮӣκһʥڵ߶飬ߺȴˡ
ǸСӳ˵ߺӸϤˣԷܣһΪʮӵЦʮһֱЩ˳Ц
ǸʱʱѾȥ೤ʱˣߺûΪ֮ľ򣬷ʵ
ǸСӳ˫һЩмѹԹޣһ˲ȫԼб˵νҪľǣȥɣ
˵ţеĵһתٵߺȥеĵҲٵڿлһ޴ĵӵϱȥ
ǸСӳΪԼһֹܹסߺֻסߺĶȦδܿʼγɡ
еĵӶǷξͿٵıеĵ˹ȥϿʼϢ
һȦȦʼͷųܵĿռ䶼ա
ʱ򣬵Ѿߺǰˣǣߺûб֮סԼ֡
ϡ
뵶ͬߺָһ˿˺۶ûС
ߺ˫һУ¶һǵ̱˷飬ɢڿС
ǸСӳĿԲŵĿǰĸߺոյһĻͬһͷ֮ȥ
⣬ôܣ塭Сӳ˵¶ֵĹâ
ߺ΢΢̣Ƭɽĵǿȫ겻ҵΪʥ߳۷壬һҵʥ߳ڵľ硣
ڸߺΪѾ벽̤ʥڣȻˣҲȼѾ뵽ʥ߳ڵľˡ
ԸߺŻôǿ壬ոСӳĵֻһѣܸߺ˺أ
ߺԭ뽫ȫ뵽Щʥߣһľ񣬻ȫƬȥ˵ĻԼһôûС
ԼΪʥ߳۷ʱ򣬴֮еķϢѾõĲˣǲʱĻ˵Сҵ۵ֹͣ
ΪäĿֹͣ߻ħ¾䣬ԲǸߺ뿴ġ
ڴ֮еʥ֮ѪѾߺʹõĲˣߺԼ۾ĿǼˣ͸¶һ˿̵Ц⡣
˿ߺЦݣȻĿʼ־ĿŸߺ֪ߺô졣
ߺ֮Ȼǿĺһ˷ǶȥȫС
Ǹʥڵģ֮еСӳʱ򣬾ȻԼеĵǿĵȻʱֵ档
ǣûа취סߺĺһ˲䣬ߺĺͳ˶Էĵ˷͸֮У뵽档
׵Ľ֮ϣ󣬸ߺٵĽ֮뵽˴֮УȻĿ˿ʨӱҲǲ˽ȥ
Ȼ˵ڵĸߺǸСӳ׵ѹסˣδԷڴ֮еңߺǽǼʨ˽ȥ
ߺ֪֮㵽жǿ󣬵һֿסʥϮԼĻ꺣֮ˣߺԹ˺ⲻǸߺҪġ
ߺٴν봢֮֮еʱǸʥڵߣ֮ϵĺѾѿеˣȴˡ
ԷٵȥȻһŮˣŮ˶ڸߺĺʲô
һŮˣߺԲôҪĵطȻŮˣֻŮˣȴǰ֮
ԣ϶һǸߺĺ֪Լٵȥ
ȻٶȣûиߺĿ죬ԶһξʱһĴ
Ȼزףʵϣ׷Ϊܶ㣬һֻǺ͵رӽӲȵһ㡣
һ㣬ߺ۽׵ʱ򣬲ֻܹԼѡ
ÿһ㶼֮ǰͬӲȣ˵ʥ۽׵ĲҲΪ

ⴢ֮мʨĴڣߺ˿ģڸߺߵʱ򣬼ʨһʥʥߺ顣
Ȼͬߺ룬棬޷ߺЩѪ׷׵Ļʥ֮Ѫ³Ϊе
еķȫΪߺ֮еɢڿУߺȥʱ򣬼ʨĴЩ񣬽ʥȫ顣
ߺվ棬װȻԴӸߺȫǰɫۣǽգ˺ɫۡ
֮ϵĴñӣԼòڸ
ڿϸĸӦһ£Ѱһ·弱Ǳнٵڿӹ
ҹʱ򣬸ߺһƬ֮Уڳǽ֮ϣԼĻ񣬲ҲӵĽ
Ϊͨ˵ˣŻѾȥʮˣǴû˼ǽʼƽϢǳ
棬֮ǰΪһеˣԼûмˣʮʱ䣬㹻ƽϢˡ
ܣ֮ϵջǾ޴ģεĶмõﵽ˼Ʒ
ߺǾ޴֮ԼоĶˣƷֻϧߺǱ֣֮ʹռƷСʥۺĴڡ
ɲɵȥͶǰ׳ղŻ顣
ڿĳĴϣߺпЦѣû뵽ոʥ򣬾ͱʥ֮еĴ֮еͨˣ˿İ
ߺݺݵЩҲֻܹ˵˵ѣȴǲܹʵ֮˵˭֪Щ˻ǲǵãͼϻĻ
¼ŵĴϣߺие˱ĸоԼһˣֻСϡ
ԭΪкܼ򵥣ԼʱͿԼ̳ϧǣ̫Сˡ
Щ˵̫СˣٶѣǽţۣѾˡ
ͬȼ֮УǱȽСģ˿ԿԷ콣ۣǻ˶೤ʱ䰡
ҲǸߺֻ˼˳ĴڣԼ֮С
˵Щ˺ǹͶѣҴҶ
ۡ
ߺоԼļײʲôתͷȥһɱ˵Ŀ⣬Ÿߺ
ˣߺʶժǸʥڣóǹ˸ߺһԼ¡
Ҳ裬赨ײңߺ¶һ˿аЦתͷһåһ˴С


732 ǿ󽣵
ոգ˵ʲôȻתԼ壬ԷŸߺЦֻЦеɱ⣬˭ܿ
ǿƣ·е˶һƫԶĳУûʲôرĸ֡
۽ﶼУߵģҲʥڶѣ˵ȨߣҲǳҲֻʥڵˣֻԷһȽϲмѡ
ߺǴһһƣо沢ûʲôǿߣ׼ֵġ
ɲΪǰһԼĶ֣ȻԷһȲɱԼ
ǣڵĸߺǰĸߺȻͬһȼˡ
ڵĸߺʥ߳۷壬һͿԽ뵽ʥˣʥڵߣߺҪûкµɡ
ǰʥֻͲ˵ߣ񽣵֣Խսţڲͬˡ
٣ڿߺûߡ
ߺһ°ͣҪһкӵĸоֻϧߺûкӣʹ٣Ͼǰصʱոչε
ǲԺҪأߺԼ°ͣϵĿʼ˼
ûйһ㺮âͿʼٵĽӽߺһֲ˼ٶȣһĽǶȣߺļؽڴ
ǸλȻ˵Ĺǿ֮һǿıҲ㡣
ΪʲôǸطǿطԷǳǿһǣΪǸطСǿڸǸط㡣
ߺǵǹâٵĽӽԼ΢΢һЦʼԼļۡ
ڸߺķѾӽˣߺڵķѾ۵Լļˡ
ֱӱԼļϣһ㺮ʼٵڸߺļɣĺâûеߺǰߺϵĺѾȫγˡ

һ̶γɣߺ忪ʼٵĺˣÿһضѿĵһײҲ˴񷿵ˡ
ժǸǸˣûбԼȫʱһӰس˰С
ŸߺժǸǸˣȶժǸ˹˹֣˵˭ܹôأԭժǸǹʥ
ߺĿһνǹʥЦ̫ˣȻһôں֡
ǹʥҲ˹˹֣˵˭أԭʮݵĳʥ糤£
ʥ˵ңһת˵ǹʥժǸȻǿ󣬵ϾҵĳǳأǰٶȴȥĻǳѾˣ
ǹʥת룬Է˵ҲҶԷеķȼԱԼһЩԼδǶԷĶ֡
ȻԼժǸ󣬶ԷδظҶ֣ԼҲδҳ֣ʥʮ棬Ĵÿռݡ
ʮǽΧʮҲеһǼˣҲû˸˵Ƿǡ
٣ռݵĶǲ̫ǿģǣٲ֤ģռݵҲ˸¡
⽣֮еĳԱÿһгߣһĸ֣˵Ϊͬ£Է޵еġ
ҲΪˣû˸ڽռݵ¡
ط֮Ϊ򣬿ԿطСټʮ֮ڣȴҲֻһǳء
ԣʥòҪڶá
ߺĿһ¶ԷʥѲǷʣ
ժǸҪˣʥ糤²Ҫ֣ǹʥ˵˼仰
ߺɫû˵ô࣬Ȼ˵Լ£˫ȭѵֶ֣һʥڵߡ
ܹǹʥôģǱͨǸɣʥ˵̰Ŀ
ƷĸҪܹмƷôڵʵ͸һ¥˵ܹ߼ʥߵżҲ˵
ǹ֪ߺҪͷз˼϶ЦݣŶ糤Ҫ֣µȻһ𽫶ԷҺ˵˵һ߼Σ
ʥ΢΢һϣٺòˣ
ûеȵ֣һλʵĽʲ֮ϣķɳɢڿռ֮С
ǽʲôʱΪˣô֪һߺʮϤ洫
ҳɢȥһߺϤӰڸߺǰ
ۣߺʮδڵĽѾʥˣıȴδûɻǱͼķ
Ϳ˸ߺԭһֱԱ߹ۿģʥҪ֣ųֹ
Դ֮еĽµˣжЩҡǣʱ򽣵֮еİ׽ʥȴеĽԱò׷ߺĻΥ
Ҫԭ򣬾ʷƽʥ֮µһŵĽۡ
Ҫ֪콣ۣʲôĴڣģԵΪֹʥĴͷ˻ûгֹڵ۽׵ʱﵽġ
ʹǰ׽ʥڵ۽׵ʱҲֻѡ
Ұ׽ʥʥߣǽʥĶӣǣڽ뵽ʥ֮ǰȴֻɳ۽׵Ľ׶Ρ
ʹʥѾǾ֮ˣ̶̵ʱ֮ڣȴɳֵزﵽʥ۷֮󣬸ʥһĸ֡
۽ףǱȶ㣬ʥ߳߼ʥһò࣬ǽ۳ɳ׻жǿǿһδ֪
Կ϶ǣǳɳһǿȽʥĴڣΪ֧
˵ǽһҲΪ׷ɱߺҲΪ۵ԭ
ԭǽʹ˰˵˭ôĵأ糤¸Ц˵ˣĬĬվһߡ
Ҳû˵ֻǵվŸߺЦЦۣþòˣ
ߺҲǵ˵ͷۣþòڳΪѾ˰ɣ
ֻĬĬҡҡͷǽۣƺѣûеָĿ꣬ǾԲỻƺģ㲻Ҳ𣿶벽̤ʥˣûѡʥ߳ƺ
ǹʥɫݣ˵λǾôһֱɣ
˫һУ룡
ԱߵĳʣһĽбȥǹʥȥ
ǿʥԭֻǲмĿһۣǣҪӽʱ򣬽еĽȻٴα⣬ұǰٶȿ˺ܶ౶
ܿ׷ǰߣں棬ǰĽ̼ӿ
ռ䱬ѣǹʥ˫һǲĻ˵ԼҪ£һתеĳǹתڿеת֮ٵǽȥ
䡭һǿĳ𶯰˷һĽ۵Ľ⵲£Ҳ׵ѿˡ
ϵĴ룬쵽˳֮⡣
һǹʥȥ


733 ն
۵ʵסеˣʥȻ֪ǴӽĽʹû뵽ۻôǿ
ֻʥ߳ڣܹѹסǹʥ
ȻֻһУһ֮иߵͣ۷һֻ֮һ£ͽ֮ɢˡ
Էǹʥ弱˳ſֹͣµĿŽۣҲ
ʹˣϾǵĳΪսƻˣҲǺΪѵģʥ۵ж֪۲ûдô
Ҫ˵۽ˣͷǲܵģʱҪڹ
ԣæֹҲ˫룬ָǹʥɸҳһս
ܹȥģǹʥȴ˳˼ãǱҪܰٺкã
ߺ֪۵ëǽȴмƻǹʥԼȥˣԼε㣿
ۣ˲Σ뵽⣬ߺæֹ
ֻǳһ£ȻܹоߺԸǰһԼԸ򵥶ˣǹʥǰֻձϵ⣬и
׵ǣּһ˭ʲôֱأ
ᡭϻһǱ˵Ļһһ仰Ȼ˵ģۣ
˵̤𽣲ǽ֮ϵĸ¥ϾԶ
ǹʥɫ࣬꣬ûм˸ҶԼô˵أĵԼ˵ˡ
ȻҲͲˣǹʥ˵һǳ֮ƮȻȥ
ߺ¶һ˿аЦǵȻģҪȻûʲôԺôչأ
˵ߺʣõᣬͬһ㡣
ϧǣõʥҪ֣֮ǹغʥ˵ıǵȻôŹߺ
ߺҲûѱκˣʹС
ɱ񣬷ɱ
վڳǳذ֮ƽԭϣǹʥóԼıУڳһƣǹâֱԸߺ˵аɣ
ߺɱǵ΢Ц屬ǹʥ԰أ̽־ǹʥȥ
ǹʥǹһĹ켣ߺٵķȥߺ屻У֮⣬Ͳһ㺮
ǡ
ǿǹһ㣬ݺݵĵ˸ߺ֮ϣǲ㺮ʼֹѣߺҲɳȥеѪһֱߣŸߺҡҷ壬ڿС
ߺûзԼ廹ûصʱ˫һĴأ˲ѿߺҲ֮ⷴȥ
죡ߺһ䣬ڰֺΧŸߺٵתٵԷ֮ϳȥ
Բʮ֮ڣ쿪ʼת䣬һһףϵĿٽ棬һٴεĽ棬ֻ˼ʱ䲻
ǹʥҲˣ͸һ˿˿ѪҺʵǳǿǿԵĽЩֵԼ治٣ȻĻ˵
Ͷ𣿵СǹʥĶŸߺ˵һ𣬽Լһ㺮ȫ˷ĩ
ߺûʲô仯ֻЦѲ٣෴ʮֵ£ǹʥ
忪ʼϵҡΣոһУõ˸ߺٵ¸ߺ֮еѷ
㲡ҪǹʥҲƲ磬ȻߺҪԼôܾô׵ķŹߺأ
ǹһ㣬һƣ֮ݺݵĴȥǹ֮һǹ
֮ϣһؾ޴ǹʼϵĳ֣ݺݵдȥߺΧС
ЩǹһصСɽһҽǸλĿռȫңҪ߶ܣ
ߺһת棬ʼٵĳһ޴ĺ򣬽ߺı档
ǹٵĴ̹ʱ򣬸ߺĺֵ˲ٵĹ󲿷ֵĹȫں֮޹ҷ˺ǹ
ǣһٲֵĹ͸˺򣬻˸ߺϡ
ģǹϵĳֹߺĺѾʼѿˡ
ž
ĺ򶼵סԷĵǹ͸Ҫ˵ǲƵĺˣڣߺĺֵסˣʼ顣
еĸߺҲѪסʣγһѪȪĹâ
ǰɣʹȥɣǹʥЦһ飬ǹгݺݵнǹΪý飬ֵٶ빥Ȼ˺ü
ߺѪ͸¶һ˿ҲҵЦݣҷ˵ΣǧѩƮ
ֻνǧѩƮڸߺˣʥ֮Уûǧ֮ңֻǿܵǹȫˡ
ѩ֮УЩǹԽԽˣͣڰУһܶˣȫˡ
顭ߺ·þԼһ˿ܵĺǹʼѸٵĳѷ죬ȫ飬޵ıǸóһѩһǸط߶ڱˡ
ѩɢʱ򣬸ߺѾ֪٣ǣѩʺ첢ɢźѪƺ֤ߺȥ򣬶ңһˡ
֣֮ԭժǸõģҪǹʥ˫һУѪṩٵߺķ׷ȥ
ԭǽʹ˵ѰǸأһʥߵѣʥԱ߸̾
Ȼ֪˫ûʹȫǣܹԽսģеš
һûԱߵʥ˳˼ףԸߺʵȫûоǹʥĿܡ
ǹʥڸߺǰܹʮУʵкпܸߺˮ
ǣǹʥȴߺˣˣ⡭ƺЩɽ͡
ңԸߺҲ˽һҪ˵ߺһҪߣȫûп׷ٵ
ʹ䰡ʵǾ޷ȵˣ糤Աƨ
һû˵ǺЩ˵̸ȴע⡣
ʲôˣʵȻҳԱҲûмʨʹ֮дͬ
Ҳǵܣ˵ʮʮһ룬һ
ǻ֪ͨЩʥڵǰͨ籨ţһнģңߺʵ˵ȥ˵һˣĽӱأ
¶һ˿̵΢ЦԭĻͺˣߺֱǶһڵЩʥڵİ׳ϹҲ̫ˣ
ʥʥڵж٣ߺ


734 սһ
Լã糤ЦɲŸߺôǿ󣬽֮ǿΪطص
طһֲ͵طÿһһ֮ޣÿһǷǳ¡
ܹǿĹԼԼ˺ֲʮǿĹ壬ΪǿǣҲеĲ߱ģǾֲ̺ռ䡣
صǽصһ𣬱ǿĹܡ
Աƽƣʹʵǿ󣬾ԽսҲΪ
ҲΪطʹ٣ʥĴ֮һΪǵǿ󣬺ܹǵġ
ÿһλʹܹԽսĳţɳ۰һڽʲôطû֪ʥ֪֮
ԿʹǱΪĴ֮һʮֵء
˵ܹǹʥ֮е飬ϾʹǿԶЩΧԱܹġ
ʥûܹȫѹסۣԿ۵׶ǿ
ǣʱȴ˵νıۣǸҰڱҪһЩǹʥıۣȻȽǿ
ζŵģΪһϴˣ̫߹۵ʵˡ
⣬ֲֻܳɱߺֻܹ£Ͼֻǽһ¶ѣƻڽ֮⣬ûʸ񷴿ۡ
ǷĻ˵þͻܵ׷ɱʱ򣬼ʹܹ߼ʥߣܶȥ
Ҫ֪֮УǿƣʵΪ΢ĿܾǽˣʹǽۣɱҪǿ󣬿֪ٳһˣʵжǿ
֪֮ͨеĽ֮ˣʣµһȥ߾Ϳˡ˭ܹεж۽жˣԲԲμӣͬ˳ǽ
˵գ۽̤һ㣬Ľ̳һĹâĳǽȥ
µĳǽ˲ѿΪ룬⻬羵·һ˲пһ
ʥ֮ȴһǽ룬ȻҲֵز
ǣһȥ˹⻬ȴģֱֲһǿĹֶΰ
ǣ»ʵģʥæ£˵
ȻʥʮһݳȴʵˣУݳǸ߼ʥϣһʥ۷ߡ
ʥ۷߾ǽ֮ˣҲǸոս˵ʣǸ
ϾԷǽˣԼûʸ

ǹʥ׷ϸߺ죬ھʮݳǳغԶĵطߺӰѾ֪١
ܵĿ죬ȻĻһ֮أǹʥݺݵ˵ǹʥڶߺʱֻʹǹ
ǾǵǹֻСĵǹѾøߺˣҲߡ
ΪԼԼ֮Ҫǿǹʱҿ϶ʱĸߺһԼĶˡ
Ҫǰ׷ʱɽ춯ȴע⡣
ʼ׷ߺʱ򣬲СĴƬɽȣʱҲɽˮ㡣
ľ֦Ҷïݾ࿪ţΪٽϣҶʮֵʪ
ǣո֮󣬺ĳ̷˱仯ߵĴɽһƬѩףȫˡ
һȫĺɫһȴѩ׵Ĵۡ
һȫڱס˵۾߶޷͸Ǻɫĺ֮Уһȴ޷ֱӣѩ׵ĺɢĹâǸ޷Լ۾ʱۿ
һƬɽ߹˶ԶǺͱ˶Զǹʥһ룬̻ͷ
ո͸ߺսʱѾˣߺúսģоԼϵˣһֱΪߺǰ棬ûע档
ڿˣǴش
ߺûǰ·棬벻׵ǣߺˣΪʲôҪԼĺţд߲
ǣߺɫм߹ʱѾȫôˡ
Ϊڵĸߺϸûκε˺ۣɫһ˿˵˼ûС
ߺڷѩ߶ϵɽ֮Упʼ˺ڰɫѩϤϤ£ŵǹʥиӳһ֡
ôûˣǹʥ˫֮еʮֵĳأѾµˣԼǳпѾмˡ
ǣֲţϾףǰɱԼǸãúܶʥ֪Ѷˣܵ׷ɱ
гǹһǹ㿪ʼڿлǹ⣬ٲ˽ˡ
âһ㣬ǹǣǹʥǹȻõڿвϵĻÿͣһطͻǸطһĹ㣬Ϸһ
ժǸط֮һҪСˣʱ򣬽Ҳ֪ʲôʱ˸ߺϿգĽֿסϺ
̫ӽߺڵĸߺһźıԴͷŹâ
ڵĸߺ̫ĿǺĳ̶ȣὫǣʹܹƺҲһ˵ġ
Щǹ⣬γһƬƣߺ弱ٵӶȥǹ⾭Ŀռ䣬ȫһƬգҿռ֮ûа취ٵĻָ
һʱ䣬ն·ˣңǹʥ࣬⻷ϵͷڳǹĹâ
ܵĿռ䶼ʼϵ𶯣ҿʼֿռѷ죬ȦȦ󣬾ȻʼСһʮµķʽϵâ
Щâ֮ʮֵļ̣ͬߺ֮ǰʩչһ㣬Щɣӵǿâ⻷
ߺԼ֣ڿγһ޴ĺ֣Բʮ࣬һƬâݺݵĴȥ
ǣЩâǷǳǿ󣬾Ȼߺĺͱǿ
ˣɢڿռ֮УƵʧ˿ռ֮С
ǷɿٵߺķٵĿߺ޷󣬶ԷǹâȻôǿ
֮ǰĵǹǹֱر
ЩǺȻȥƬضУնˡ
ǹĹâ֮£ɢɣǹʥЦ
ߺһЦϧںĿǰѩʱ򣬴Ҫǹĳ֣
˵ţߺϿʼǵΣ󣬽ǿնڸסˡ
ѩ磬ǹĳ֣֮еѩȻʼɢΪǿ
ߺ䣬˵һ죬Ǻ꣡
˵ţߺƼһϣߺȵۣ뿪УȻˣ
֮æ뿪뿪һ˲䣬ߺѩ뷱ǣҲڿʼײ


735 ս
ߺܵķοʼ֣պѿˣһȫָһ
˺ѵĿŵѩǰѩڱסǹ⣬Ȼ֮ȫߺԼһ󣬾ͽЩǹһĺâȫˡ
ԱߵĽ˫һУȻ˵ǹʥȫ޷ԼԼҪʤǹʥ̫򵥡
ԼȻص󽣵ԷҲӵǹҲԼô׻ܵġ
ǸոյǹȻĽ֮ȴô򵥾ͻ
ߺһУȴ֮ȫˣ޷ٴηӳӦеʵһ˿Ӳˡ
ɣߺ˵һ󣬿бסǿʼ飬ıпٵĻУһǣֻǻǻ⣬лƵȴ޾ա
֮еİɫ϶ȴûйرգǱǿȴڿٵСɺһһ塣
ǵһʼðźռ𽥱ˣգ۳ɵһɫɫľһֻ⾵ӵӲȣȴǷǳܹƵġ
ңӵ¶ȷǱѰĵͣƾʥ߳ڵߣֻҪǺȫıһ޷õ
ǹʥԼƵˣҲһҪԼķջǣʱ벻鷢ˣΪԼķڰ۳ˡ
ôŬ޷ǷյԼ֮УΪķڶԷһƬĿռ֮ڡ
Ƭռ䲻ûбƵôŬ޷֮Ƶڷεıϣʼ˱һ㺮
ΪΣǲܳģһĻɽṹ˵ÿһطȵĴڡ
ԣ뵽ֵסΣ򲻿ܵġ
ǣ벻ǣߺıռ䣬ȻķεֵңҪٵԼķΡ
ߺһЦҲʥߵȽ׵ʱ򣬷ԼȻܹһġ
ĺ򣬺ܹһй̶סҲνĽס֮
ͺƬռ֮ɵķһûƻƬռڷֻ֮ˣҲ˵ܹ֮Ǳˡ
ԣƬռ䣬ûĺۼΪûҪ
ĺ򣬻ὥ͸еķ֮УıЩĻԷķԼķڴ⵽һĺͿԴˡ
ķֻöԷķӵĽʵķֻûԷķ򣬵ȴ޷Ĺ̶ס
ľϵ͸˵ˣֻԷķϵȻ̶סԷ
ǹǿֻƻȴ޷͸κε֮С
ͬһƻ쳣ľˣڶ̱֮Уǻʣ
ǲµĴڣ˵ʮֵơ
ǹǿ͸һĴڣǰΡ

֮еķΰٹֵķУ֮ģǣûһܹӵˮϵԣǾǿ͸ԡ
̳ˮһǿԣ͸˻֮ÿһʣһܹ֮ס
ˣӵˮԶ޷ģܹ͸κһʣܹڴʣʹ֮кԡ
ˮȴǲͬģȻһܹ͸ȥȴֻǳͣҪҪıǸıʣȴҪʮֳһ̡
ǣˮͬĵطȻ޷ֱ˴ˣǣȴһӵмΪǿʢĹԣǾǺһ˫͸һУ߹
ȻԷķ֮УӵиߺĺˣǺȻ͹ߺˡ
ߺ˫һУ˵顭
ɢʱ򣬶ԷķξȻҲһˣĺ½뵽ߺ֮С
ԷķΣȴһֱߺУǹʥʧȥϵ
ߺһٴνЩ鷨Ȼһ㣬ͽ֮뵽ԼĴ֮֮С
һӣ͸¶һ˿аЦΪʹ˻ٵɣ
Ȼߺո˵꣬Է֮еƣȻٵļ䵽ʥµĽ׶Σ۽ס
ߺгһʵҲǷǳΣյģϾκ˵Ϊ򣬶ǿԼһȥģô򵥾ܹҲ̫ˡ
ԷڵΪʱ򣬸ߺܹܵԼķܵ˺ǿķ㽫Լķ
ɴ˸ߺҲɹ֤Լгɹϣġ
ֻҪ취ооʱ˵һɱУʹܹԷΪ֮ȫƵҲǲܵ顣
ʱǹʥΪѾ͵˵۽ף켶۽׶ǣĵȦȦķȫʧˡ
ķѾȫˣΪҲ۽׵ĳ̶ϡ
忪ʼٵͣеϢѾʺûдﵽ켶۽׵ˣ֮еķٵ強ѹȥ
䡭һƬѪ裬Ȧڵ۽׵ķҲ˳ߺһֽ֮ץԼС
ԷķξȻûбռնȥҲǣﱻʥǾǹʥߵĵط
ǹʥΪѾʥȫûйϵˣ֮вдķȻҲͺûʲôϵġ
̣۶УȵĿɿڴǸߺΪһУֱ졣
Ϊڣû˵ĸܹӵأ漶û
󣬽۲Ϊߺǿ˴ĴָҲ̫ˣ˵СӲܾˣ
ߺֻǵһЦʲôҲҪɱ𣿡
۲мĿ˸ߺһۣɱ㣿ЦˣһҪסԼΪأ㵽ʲô㣡
ߺһ£һǹʥȦȫĺСߺſһ뵽УȻ󣬸ߺս˫۾һ
ֱȦȫԼ֮󣬲ŵԼ˫ۣô죿ȻΪٰһһ£
۳ԾĿŸߺµ˵˵Ǳȳ˰ɣǿֲˣǿһУʲô֣
ߺϸһ£һɣ
ȴҡҡͷôǿܲһ֣
˵ߺԼüëûֵ츳ˣ
ת룺ߵΪ޾µŬģɣн껪
ߺ߶䣬ĵ˵ͷ껪ģ


736 Ѫ
ߺûй˵ٻͿʼȥոȷһ¸ߺʵָߺʵûȫ
ΪߺķȻֻͷųһΣһȴûбȵѹҲûб뵽κһ֮УԿߺûд㱬ȫʵ
ʼգֻǽǹʥСһûн֮С
˵ڵĸߺȫʵӦñ⻹Ҫֲ
ǿߺ̣ǣ̸ߺһζûù
ߺǿʲôزһ֪Կ϶ǣһҪǿʮ
ҪȥʥʮݣеĽ֮ˣ֮ˣҲǧҪǵߺȻͻǹʥһ㣬ΪߺеĲƷĲƷ
Уߺĳɳٶȼֱ̫ˣȥʥһŲ
ҲףߺֻΪɳʱ̵̫Ĺϵֻʱ׷ɱ
Ǹһʱ䣬ɳôʥ򣬶ܹסûĶ֡
ʹڽĽʥСʥΪߺʵֲ̫ˡ
ȻͬΪ۽ףǸߺʵȴǷܹȵġ
˵νǿĸˣҲǸ߼ʥߣӽ۷ˣһŮˣʥŮ
СǱܳ谮ʮֽԸԴȱ㣬ĳƺǻʥὣһдУĽص
ң׿Խڽǰ׽ʥ֮£ǿĽ֮һ
ҲΪ˻ʥһƢʲôŸ֣Ҫȥһ۶Էǿ
ȻǿǾͱҪԽսĻǾʵҲν
ǵһ㣬ԲŲҶ¸ߺϢݵʥĶ֮С
ԣҹ̣һҪ취ֹʥ
ԼȥʥһǲеģҪ֪ԼǻʥĶ֣Ͻ֮ʢǵһ֡
ԣʥ뽣һˣԼôȥԷŰвŹء
뵽ľǰ׽ʥʥչأΪʥ֮ϵ漶ѾŬ˺ܶˡ
Щ꣬ûйһΣۼ뽣ûأһжǰ׽ʥڲġ
˵ڽʥڵʱ׽ʥȨˣеһеӰ׽ʥ
ھҪȥҰ׽ʥֻа׽ʥ棬ſֹסԼãʥ
˵ʥʵҲûа׽ʥǿ󣬰׽ʥһľͿԻԼͬĸ֡
ʥΪ׽ʥԶ׽ʥ˵Ȼ̳˽ʥȴԼ뽣ʥȻ෴·
ʥߵ·ǿı֮·ҲǷϵıϣǿĹ
׽ʥߵȴǣ֮·нǷǿĽһժҶΪ
̵ʥǽʥԻʥߵǽʥ·ߡ
̵۵ǰ׽ʥԣ˽֮·ǿĽΪ
˵׽ʥǽ۵ʦ֮Уͬ׽ʥַĻûУ׽ʥҲûͽܣԶԽͽܣǷǳϲġ
Դӵһμʱ򣬾ͼϲѾսΪͽ뷨ˣԲŻôάۡ

Դӽߺ󣬸ߺһֱǸطһֱûжܣ͵վǵš
ţһɱҪ֪Լڿǲء
Ȼڸߺľ֮󣬾Ϳʼкܶʥڵߣʥ߳ڵ߶ҹ
ԸЩʥڵߣߺûпǵΪȫˣ֮еȫԼ֮С
Щʥ߳ڵķ򣬸ߺȫòģֱԼĴ֮֮У֮ȫѪӿ
Ϊߺ֮֮еʱ򣬸ߺ֣Щ󲿷ȫˡ
һСǱСҵյģڵʵѾ˷츲صı仯
ҵѾǰ벽ʥˣС۽׵ΪʥߵĽ׶οٵĽš
ߺЩ죬նɱ˶ٶʥߣУʥ߳һʮˣʥڵĸ֣ʮˡ
ƬɽѾѪȾˣЩǱߺΪ޷ա
ԣûбѪϴˢ磬ξȻѪˣ綼˺ɫġ
ƬɽȴӴҲѪˣ¼ףȻҲͳǿֲĴڡ
δ˴ƵĹɣȴһˣôܲ𾪣
ʥ˶ʼ֪˱ƺţҲ֪˴˾ֵ֮ǿڡ
Ϊ飬ʥٴκ䶯Ҹߺһʵ֡Ѫۡ
ΪֵʱÿһζѪĴڣԣƺţ˿ҲӦġ
ǲ²⣬ߺһʲô˵ĹȻĻǲڴûгֹѪʥɱ˶Ѫ
ʥȫ˶ʼǷѰҸߺǹɸոչȥȳȻΪߺĳ֣·
Ϊ¼ʼٸߡߺȴʧˣƾôŬѰңͬʮǰһĻһôѰңɷߺκӰӡ
ߺƾʧһ㣬ͬˣʧӰ١
ڵĸߺڱչأ˺ܶʥߵķѾٽͻƵıԵˡ
ԸߺһطһȭһɽͿʼչͻƣͻƵʱ䣬ߺֻ˺̵ܶʱ䣬ѾͻƳɹˡ
ʱȥһ£ڸߺսɽȵﲻͬѪȣɻﻨ㣬ⰻȻԼ
գȴӭһȺˣͷģǵʮӵĶӳá
ʮѾʵˣһСֶӵʮѩϼ˪ʵ͵һˡ
һУȴǺ⣬һֱѰҸߺʮӵĴ񣬶ڸߺһ˵һ
𣿻ѪۣܹɱʥڵĴڣɳĻǿأһеǲֵ֮ĹЧǣ֮չҲһѡ񣡡
ڶǰ棬вš
ӳˣʲôΪѪۻпͣɽ֮𣿡һСֶӵĶӹĶŽʵ
˫һУٸ˵ĻҾ֮أ
ежǺݺݵһٸҶˡ
ǵѲʱԶɽһԶɽϵɽʯըˡ
һɳ캮ɽֱ֮Ӷȥܵɽһ¾ͱˣɫɫĺֳ֣Ƭɽסˡ
һͬһԶɽ嶼ըˡ
漴һɫӰͣڰУնĲɢȥϲĶ޲ɺ


737 
ѪۣСӣǵ𣿡˫һ˵˫֮г̰ɫʡ
˫֮оȻûгɱ⣬Ȼֻǳ̰治֪ôġ
ߺոһ֣ԷҲǡˣڸߺϤˣĳ裬ôܲǵأ
Ϊе뷨Ϊ翵Ŀ꣬ò
˵˭أԭǽðþòأߺҲ˵ɫ侲һ£ԵĲһ߼ʥߣһƽһ㡣
˫һУոô˵أڸѡ񣬵һеֽ֮ңҹ˳ңҪȻĻǺΪУ֮أ
ߺޱ飺ѡҪô죿
ûеĵ˫һ϶Ťˣŭĺ
ߺǳһаЦǳΪ֮еһ֣Ϊҵ֮һʹǵ꣬ҲҪѹ
Դ󣡡
СӣҪɱ㣬ôң
ڽúڶʮӵĶԱŸߺĽߺȴмڹˣлֻǰĽãԼĶˡ
ϣȴ˫һУԼ忪ʼ濿ȥһӣָӺʮӵĶԱ˵
еʮӶԱ仰жǺȻһ󶼿ʼˣôĸԸŴ˵еĶħѪأ
ǿʥ֮УʹڶʥڵߣҪĴڣǵУ˵еѪۣͺǲͷǻ֮ȥĶħ
ָоľսľˡ
ģҲֻʥڶѣһϣܻеùô˵ģ˵
һתֺʮӶԱûжһݡ
һȶһıУеĵٵڿлռ˲롣
ٴʧʱһʥ߳ڵͷ­Ѿ嶼ˣҲ޷ˡ
֮Ѫ˵ȫʧ֮ϣͬߺǰɱһѪû¶
ߺ淢־磬ΪһУԼ޹һ
ЩȻ־ߺʵǸڽõÿǸ߼ʥߣǵĵȼ߳أܹ׵ɱǡ
ԣе˶˽õĺһѷƵߺȥеıţߺϿȥ
һռ˺ѳɷٵĽӽеĸߺߺڰУֻµĿһۡ
б˵ĺ⣬ſһ³Щûнӽߺ壬㱻ߺ³ĺȫıסˡ
ߺһЩˣЩˣûпߺôУͿԼĹȫˡ
һȺɣߺЦǧ
ߺûԼǿȻͻ֮ǰʥڵ˵սһѶȡ
ȻѶҲ󣬵Ǻͽӽ߼ʥߵʥڵսĻеѶȵġ
ǣߺͻʥ֮ʵõʵʵǿ˺üٶʥ߶ʲô
㺮Ӹߺ֮бȥߺܵһжˣΧȻĴﵽǧ˽֮ߣȫˡ
顭һЩ˵Ķǿ־壬пʼң޾Ļں
ǸоԼӦӽõĻߺͲʲôӣǿߡ
ʹǽɱǻҪɱأǣߺȻֻǱԼͽȫˡ
ҲƵĴӳãȴ˳ȥߺԶԶġ
ⷽԲһǧ֮⣬Ŀǣûһ˿Ҫֵ˼
Щˣȫĺһʧڿ֮УߺЩɱɱҲˣԲûнЩ˷С
οڸߺЩ˵ķѾԼûʲô̫ôˣϾԼ֮еҵۣСѾ಻ҪֵͼʥߵѪ뷨ˡ
壬Ҳ֪Ϊʲôôǿ󣬴ԼؽȥѾܶˡ
֮ǰû֮еǸŮ֮ǰ廹ͦƽģڼǸŮ֮ʺ˷츲صı仯
һ·ڣѾгСƣѾﵽ˵۽׵ĳ̶ȣ켶۽׵ĳ̶ȡ
̶ֳȵΪѾܹʥ۷Ѫˣߺ׵ǣֻʮʮ֮Уʥ۷ߣǱĴڡ
Ϊʲôʮǰһڵ򣬷ʥ۷Ѫ꣬ôһ£Դ磬ߺûϢء
ʥ۷˵飬ʥ˵ӦҲһִ°ɡ
ãý˰ɣߺһתʧԭأת˽õǰ
ոյｫõǰߺͷԱһǿϢԼϮܶԷ֮ϵƾȻǸ߼ʥߡ
ߺڿмٵĻһȦһ״ľ޴γɣǹ棬ȻΪ㺮̵ļת˳ȥ
ţһԱ˵תʧڸߺԱߣתֳڸߺĶ棬뽫ò
ȫɫƳɵҹзţͷ뽫òĸ߶ȣԼȫжµʱòҲ¶˸ߺǰ
һ˵ģ뽫óõмƣüһĵط
˵ǲֵܶԩأߺ˵
ãǽҹҹе׽Ǹ˵Ǻò
ǣ仰˵֮ȴѸٵ뿪ãԼҲȥߺһ˵Ҹĺôһᶯĵģҵݻ벻Ҫ˵ȥ
ߺȻΪʲôôΪһǿƣ߿ٶȼ죬Ƽйԣһı
Էڵߺǰʱ򣬸ߺ͸˲ǿϢ˶Էӡ
ȻһŮˣңһǳƯŮˣŵˣ˻ǣӵͻ̲סħģÿһôƷ
ĻʥǺþòˣǸҹ˵еɱ˭ܹóвɽ⿪ǰԹ
ʥҹ֮Ҳɱ˵ԭ㰡ҹʮ׽֮һû뵽ξȻҾͽҹе׽
ߺһĻʥҹôĳޣԽʵӦܹˣҹȴڵĺúõģҲ˵ʥе뵶Ĵͬ


738 ʥΪ
ջʥĻ˵ʥ֮УʵߴǱ˵ĴʵӦкܶడ
ʥƳ˽ҹһۣ㲻˵ˣǽԼĿŵ˸ߺϡ
ʥʢѪۣ뽣ĽһӵˣʥҡԼ˵ˣǵǵ޳ȱ¶ڿС
ߺԵĿ˽뽫ҹĺ¶һ£⻨ʥĳЩ˵ջġ
ǶڸߺѾʲôծˣǼеĸټԼеһѾԼͷˡ
һһûаƽʲô˼ȥأ
ߺɫȻſеĻʥĽýҹֵܣڣҲԼ֪ʵҲҹеˣҹе׽ҹ
ôϢһкܶ˻ҵ̽齫õϣҲ׷ɱðɡ
ʥѪҪˣ罻Σҹ֪ڽĳޣڻڲԶѪ۱ȽҪ
ϾѪе֣֮ѪôŵˣҹҪġ
ҪҵжѪۣҪʵˣƾҹ׽ҹҵĶְɣ൱ѣ
ʥеĽӿȻγһ仨״ʮֵ񣬲ϵת
ǼϱأʥеĽոγӣһӰҹ׽ҹԱ߽γɡ
һߺɫЩոնԷƾճģҾǴӱ𴦱ģһֱǸط
벻ǣԼȻһ˿Ϣо
ʥɫҲȽ࣬ĿǰǸͻȻֵӰʶ˵ڣҹʮ׽֮һ
ʥɫ֪࣬ʵȻҲڸ߼ʥߵĽ׶Σ˵ǱȽѲġ
δʼǬ䣬һһǹУһԶٵ⿿
ǺɵľãһĴţڿ֮оȻ𶯣ߺܹоԲ֮⣬ʼϵ
ɫҲԽԽѿˣڸߺֻʥڵʵ߼ʥߵĻǿߣǣڹǸ߼ʥ߾Ѿĸˡ
ҹеˣãҹһʥһȾƵļһ˵˼ߺӦժǸġ
ţһɫĳǹһ⣬ٵǣȴûнУȻֻڴ棬Ҳûʲô˺
ţһӰ½ٶȣھǹϻһ׵ʱȻͬëһƮƮġ
Էǹβͬһ˯
ǣ⼸ȴСӣ׷׵һֱôĻʥҲɫǸ֮ˡ
ǹʥôժǸţʥɫ˵֮Ϊʥ۷֮޵еĴڣ
ǹʥȴһ仰˵ǹβϺ˯ʮֵͷ֣ӽأǸǹô
ռ壡ߺӶԷϸܵ˿ռĴڣȻԷҲӵпռ壬ȻĻִܸ
ܵļ仰֮ҲǷ׷׵һʲôǹʥռ壬Сô֪
ţ˼ˣߺôģ
ɽһŮƺǺʥӦúͻʥǹʥͬһʱڵĴڡ
˽֮⣬ɳ˵ʮӣǵʮӶӳ뽫ǲΪֻĶԱǱʮǿʢ١
аʮԱʥڵģҲʮǰʮһ롣
ʹԷµʥڵĴڣٶѾûˣڸߺ߼ʥ֮µߣͲˡ
֮⣬صҲˣֱǰľɱʥ뱯Ŀʥ
ôһʥ֮еߴȻȫˣʥɽʥʮӳժǸǹʥҹеĽãҹľɱʥĿʥ

λΪһãҸеңǴеĿģȴʵҲף֪Ϊҵģߺо˲ൽˣϴõ΢Ц˵
һе鶼һ㶣ǾĿŸߺΪʲôߺΪһʥڵߣôĸ߼ʥ߻ô򶨡
ѵ֪ÿһ˶ǿԾ˵𣿻أʮӳϿһ˳⵶ܲмĶԱߵĽ˵
ڻ֪ʵҹеԱ֪˿»Ĳ
е˶ߺֻǹʥں˯ѾûˣӵطҲʮעߵ
Ǿ˵ǵڴʲô⣿ܲܽǵļƻ˵أߺǷǳõ΢Ц
ЦôȻô⣬зն֮ԺһЦݡ
ɱڵ֮УȻôһЩ·
ɱʮӳû˵ôĻгһӣʮӵ߶ٵߺе˺ѿռ䣬ߺ֮Ϲȥ
вмЦһ˺սõĻôոҲôˣԼȫɱˡ
ǧߺ˵֮ٴαǿĺŰķЩ߼ʥ߶׷׵Ķ㿪ˡ
ߺһεָոյĳĸ߼ʥ֮µ߱ˣŸߺһ仰еһУЩߵ壬˱м
ɢķΪƬ嶼ʧ˿֮УֻоӨıƺ֤ţһոյǿ
ʮӳոҲˣһԭΪԼЩ߼ʥ߳һǸߺܹԵĴˡ
ǣӸոնԷϿԷڵʵǸ߼ʥߵĽ׶Ρ
û˴ͷǾɣʥ¶һ˿˵Ц⣬ǻ촽ͬһ̲סļ
ʥ˵꣬һһƷηУ״ʮֵأȻͬͷһֳɺöڣжǷֳɺöڵġ
ֻԷı鲼Ȼʼı״ͬһһٵĽӽߺ
صĿռ䣬ٵߺߺײȥ
ǿռ֮лƿļǿߺ˿ɣԼ㿪ĻǿͻᴩԼ塣
⡭
ߺ¶һͬһĽ˲㺮ҿʼĲܶˡ
ֹе˶סˣû뵽ߺӵôǿܹ׵Ľʥһס
ţʥӺ洫˹ߺתԼ壬ֶԷĽѾָԭ״λϣʥҡҷˣߺȴе˱顣


739 ʥ
ߺû뵽ԷȻ˵ĸȻ˳ͬһ·ߣٵĿԼԼûпӰӣԷѾߺˡ
ʥеĽŸߺı󣬸ߺҡҡͷڻʥ˵Ȼʵǳǿ󣬵Ǹߺоľİ׽ʥв
˵ܲ٣ܲٵߺո˵仰һΪǿĽͱ䵽˵м䣬ʥߺٵŲԼ壬ٵĶ㿪һ
ԷҲûҪԼȻĻƾߺ뻨ʥʵǾûа취㿪ԷĹġ
ߺܹоڰ׽ʥģҲֻа׽ʥǿĴڣýĹ˵ˣŻᷢô˾޷ܵĹ
УǸһϮ£˧һͿİ׽ʥƾնеľ󣬽´ŽĹâ
һصˣʲôط¶һĹâڵġ
Сŵһһ״״еľľܣһȦڽĹâڡ
һȦâԵϣֱһС״棬С֮䣬һϸ߷ֱˣγһΡ
ֻ¶ߺҲ֪ԷĽΪʲôôǿĽ
ԷеľƺҲѰ߱ѲνĽĵ
ᣬأߺ΢΢̲ס̾
ǻʥȴôĿŰ׽ʥ磬ҪɱҵĽΪʲôҪң
׽ʥº͵ıûзʲô仯ɱ㣬ҵĿûɱϢΪʲôôҼǵã˵ģ֮ˣκˣԸߺΧˣ
׽ʥ£ո˵ǻ˼ʲôҪĴѲ㽣ĸʥһչԼ޳ȣ¶޵˽ܴ˵
ջһ˵ݣȴǽһˣвԷ
ȻڶԷв׽ʥ뻨ʥ⣬׽ʥɱ˵΢Ц
ֱ׸˻ʥȻʲôָǽĶԴʲôܹҵģгڿʼǽϵĴ֮һˣ
˵仰ʱе˵ĶݺݵĲһ£Ǻʥ
Ҳû뵽Լһ仰ýľôԺϵĴͳˡ
˵밵еˣԱߣʥʵһϴơ
һУȴΪԼǾвɵģܲ𣬽Լ۾׽ʥ
ǣ׽ʥǳĬǱ˵΢Цֻ΢ЦںʥѾˣǷˡ
׽ʥⲻʰɣǩԼĸ׽ʥͷǩģôˣе˵ȥô˵ҲӦ֪ͨĸף
׽ʥɱ΢Ц⵹ˣҵľҵĸײᷴԣοװõľأǽӽ쿪ʼʽĴݣԼžɣ߰ɣ
ʥ˵ͷתͷߺСһҾͷһ㲻ǺǼҵСһепţǱһΣ
˽һǿĵˣߺȻǸˡ
Ҫ˵жǿ󣬸ߺ֪ǣ֮еİ׽ʥȷǷǳǿǿЩ˵ϡ
Ȼֱڣ׽ʥǺٳ֣ǶԷǿӹɡ
׽ʥŸߺ΢΢һЦҶδĳɾͣȤȥɣսϴ񣬲ϵΪ۷Ĵڣҵܹоδǿ󣬳ҵϣܹߵǶĵز
˵꣬׽ʥʧԭأţʥҲһʧӰˡ
ߺתͷǰǾŸˣǿʼһ˿˿аЦôˣˣڵǣѾûлŵıҪˣҪǵѪǵķ
˵ţߺһʥȥе棬ߺԵĹҲΪݵĹϵɡ
ңԵĹڸߺ˵ǱȽѵģӦ˵ߺ껪ڻԹˣһиûκεá
ߺٵԼʥ־һƬȵĻ⣬ٵߺΧƶȥһһ͸ߺΧơ
ߺһ̣
ڿγɣߺ˫ǣ㣬һһٵĺһԵĻȻ֮ٵĽȥ
󣬻һƬ⻪ʧ˺֮С
ߺٵתһֻţӽʥʥܣʼȦΡ
Ȧʧ֮ںʥܣһȦ棬֮ȫܵĿϵıȼճա
ֻĳ̶ȣʹǸ߼Ҳ׵Ĵ͸ȥпܱڻʹǼƷҪһʱĽ
ǺһȴٵĽһݺݵĻˣʧڿ֮С
Ȧ³ֵֻ֣ʱѾ޹ˡ
ûʥӦߺһ̾Ѿˣȸߺ뿪ʱ򣬺ʥҲʼˣʧ˿֮С
ʮӳеĳٵĻռ䣬·ر룬㷨ҲѹƵ˵С
ͬи磬ڵĺ棬ٵߺȥǷŵ棬һһС͵
ߺһ䣬¶һߵаЦ껪
仰ո˵ܵĿռ񶼱ˣûκεı仯ֻǸһ㺮
֮ǰһһѿˣ˸ߺǰٵĻǳ档
ʮӳоһ飬ѾֶĻڶѾѿˣ˿˿Ѫ͸˳
ԷΪķΣҲ¶ڿ֮УֻߺûдŹ֮ķȫ⣬Լ֮С
ҲǸߺ⼸оѳɹ
ѾȫԷķοסңȫ뵽Լ֮УֻҪⷨɱһˡ
ʮӶӳڵʵѾٵļֻ֣ţоһжجΡ
ǣʵⲢجΣΪʧˣǸ߸ϵĸ߼ʥߣʮӵĶӳһ켶ûдﵽĵ۽ס
䡭һ޴ߺûнʲôԷͻ⣬ʧڿ֮С
˾ֵУߺֽɱʥͬķɱˣѪȾ˴ء
ǹʥǹϣӶԷϵĵ麹ԿԷвƽʥ֮еѪ̼


740 ˲
ֵ˰ɣǲΪһôŹǰɣʱ򣬸ߺת壬ǽʣļˡ
ڸոգ껪ɱ˽ãҹ˶
ȻԷô񣬸ߺͬķȥԼĵܵȥˣֻոգߺҪɱʱ򣬽ͻأʧˡ
ߺĴоûиӦȵɾʱ򣬶ԷȴھߺԶĵط
ڣֻ˻ţǹʥĿʥҹеĽ
̶̰ʱȥˣߺȻɱˣң˶Ǹ߼ʥߣȻǸ߼ʥ֮ǿĴڣǣҲǸ߼ʥߡ
Էķȫ뵽Լ֮УڸߺΪ˳ʱսͻƵļ
ֻߺôϾŸոãҪһԼ֮еķ
˵ڵĸߺû̵һĳ̶ȣֻķˣʱŲΪΪʧ
ңߺҪһЩʹһЩȻߺʹñһǿ
ǣӵбԼûбսҪЩԿģϾߺû߰׽ʥ֣Լڱϣĸй·ߡ
ߵǺ·ߣ˵Ϊúмǿ·ߣȻԼΪǿ󣬵ǣȴѣⲢԼҪĵ
ҪľǽԼĵӵ£Լĺ֮վ磬棬۷塣
˭ˣɣڸʱأߺ˵һеĿʥȥ
ʣµߣûһǼ򵥵ģȫǽӽʥ۷ߣһֻ̤ʥ۷ˡ
еǹʥȻһֱڰѰ˯֮УǸߺԸоԷ֮ǿ
ΪߺڶԷϣȻûиӦһ˿һƽˡ
ոеĶһƽ˿Խ͵ˣǸߺͷűǧʱ򣬶ԷȻҲôţǹƶ
ʹ֮£û۾˳˯֮С
Էڸߺ༸˵ս֮УȻδˣʵͲͨʥܹġ
˵ͨʥˣ׿ԽʥߣʵһĵزҲܵ˺ġ
棬ʼվߺԶԶģԼߺľʼձһ롣
ոոߺҲľˣʵͲһʥڵܹġ
ԣԴӸߺ뼺սʱһֱԼԶԶģߺ
ʥˣȻʵǳǿκʵߺʵԶġ
ʵ磬ܹԼӰϢǱӵԶĵطͲԶˡ
屻ߺĺ٣˺Ѿʼһ˿ˣӦٶȶʼЩˡ
ԣߺһĿͷϣһٵĳ˿ʥԱߡ
ܣȦγˣһ˿˿ķѸٵڸߺǰһıУٵʥȥ
ǣЩиոշɵУʥһܳȦΡ
һץܵķȫСԼУҽԼǰȥе˵
ЩбڰзţǣԷͷųһ۵İ׹֮󣬸ߺ֣ԼıоȻıסˡ
һɲǣʥת뿪Ǹطʧȥ˿ʥĿƣǱ¼٣Ϊһ㣬дˡ
ɽȫĺˣߺתĿſʥûпǿأȻܹƱͷٶȡ
ȻԷܹ˵ͣסǸߺֻܹȫĽԷסˣʹԷܹԼסҲԲܶù
ߺһԱ⡭
ϿʼΪӴĺĺϵĿ֮ɢȥӡסˡ
ߺٴη˲УٵʥȥʥʼʩֽߺסˣǣתͷҪ뿪ʱȴܵĿռ䱻סˡ
ҪܣܶǱڣȴС˱֮ϣһͷѪġ
ڷӦʱЩжѾɵǰˣٵĴ͸壬ûѳǺ֮еʱ򣬸ߺ˲ǰԼַŵ˶Էͷ­֮ϡ
ķ򶼽Ұɣ껪ߺ˵ȻڶԷĻ꺣֮ʩչ껪ԷΪٵĽͣΪ۽ףֻûꡣ
θߺֱԶԷǶԷ꣬꺣֮еȫΪȻߺĺˣĺ͸
ߺһЩȫ뵽ߺ֮УԷꡣ
ҲǸߺԴӽҵһ꣬Ͼڻҵ֮У޷ڵģ֮󣬾Ͳ֪ȥʲôطˡ
ʥ忪ʼѸٵĿήһѰ׹ǣʧӰ٣·һ¾һ
ߺĿڽϣǹʥʱҲԼ˫ۣǹβµĿŸߺ
СӣĹأҷǳĲ̣ߺ벻ǣǹʥһȻôһԴǵĻǸߺʼδġ
ðɣðɣлл佱֮ܲͣһ£ҪǰһԸ˵
˵ţߺָָǹʥĺߣ浱ɵˣΪɵô˵Ҳͬڣô㽫ɱأǧҪɱòãҺһھƣǾսݵ֣Ű
ߺƤֱû뵽û뵽Ȼôһӣ֪Ͳ˵ˣֱӶֶãǲǰС
ߺתͷʱ򣬽һٵҹУһƼҹ֮Уһн
Լʲôְλߺͷ˼һߵʵ
ߺȴǲϵľۼֻǺȴߺϵѹ󣬾Ȼһ״
Ǳ״Ѿһյʱ򣬸ߺڲͶԷϻˣǽö˳
ɣ˲⡭ö¶ڿеʱһ㺮˲ӹȥܵĿռ˲ڽûзӦʱѾ֮ˡ
ߺûÿת˶Էǰʩչ껪ֵһ꣬һǽʥ۷ķ
žžžȻȻܹһɲǵʱ佫򶼱磬ķǿ󰡣
ʱ򣬸ո˵ȾƵǹʥ˵ˣѾߺһпˡ
Է˵ûߺõľѹһ˲䱬ķ򣬸ıܿռķ򣬵¶Է޿ɶ㡣
ϾһܾͶǸߺķΧ֮ˡ
˵ܶǸߺˣֻ࣬ѶȻǱȽϴģǺ򣬸ߺҲ޷ռⷽ硣


741 ժǸһ
ߺǿǹʥҲֻĵ˵ͷǰˣǸոβܵĻҲɱôˣⶼǰĹͰ
仰Զģȷǹʥʵǲøߺɱˣֱ׾٣æͿˣƫƫǹʥûô
ɸ˸ߺɱ˵ĻᣬȻԷôϣߺһ·ңЩնݳ
ڣڽе˶ɱˣֻʣǹʥһˣߺķҲ˲٣ҿڴ˲ٵķ֮һһգѾָ߰˰˵ˡ
Ȼ˵ڲǸߺʵ˵ڲǹʥսĻԸߺٺòˡ
ǹʥûкֵĻˣļʻǱȽϴġ
ЩĴڣǿʹʹһսңͿЩ˲˳ˣ֮˵˵ҿֻǹ֮ˣɽ֮˵ĿԴ󣬿ʱһˣˣʲôʮӣư֮ģԶ׼ժǸһ󱲣ѣģˣֻٽֶѣĻԺⲻһ񶷡
ǹʥ˵֮󣬵һЦһһƺ«Уǹʥףƺ«֮еľƳԼĿУ¶ԼĸС
áսɡǹʥһƺ«֮еľƶԼĶУס˾ã˫ۿʼҡҡλΣԭػԲȦ
˵е㲻ˣеͷ˼ߺѰ˼˰죬ס
ƵǵеĳǹҲʼҵڿлеĿռȻûһ˿ĵط
ǧǹʥݺݵһȭͷʯͷȥ
ֻǸСʯͷ滹һ׵СɽСɽȻߣҲСˣߺţһǹһܽʯɽȫɴ顣
ϾһǹƣﵽҲΪ棬ƿ֮첻ڶ
ǣԷһǹȥǸʯͷۼûУûз𣬵Է໮һǹʱʯͷûʲô仯
ǰ׵СɽȴͻȻмѿˣʮֵĹ⻬ȫѿˡ
ߺ˫֮һǹʥ̫ǿˣǸᷨ򣬶ңԷѾĵزѾﵽ˸дᣬдյĵزˣ
ǿƵǿǹ磬ȴ˿ûд˺һǹȴܹڿĻѺۣѾ֮Сɵľˡ
ԷҵĻһǹߺ˫һȻӲǵթԲûӲǿٵĶһǹǹ档
ǣһǹûд̳Ȼڴ̵һʱ򣬿ʼĺ󳷣ɨ˸ߺǰߺõطǶԷеĵط
ԷѾᲢ֮ʱˣŻЧֻҪ빥ܻĵطǾǶһǹ
ǹ⿪ʼռ䣬ٶȻǺܿ죬ǸߺȻһֶ㲻ȥĸоߺһ뵽Եɡ
ռ壬û뵽ռҲõ棡ߺһԷЩȷûа׻
ԼռںϵһԼķ֮Ҳа塣
ǿƺԶľ룬ʵߺѾǳĽˣôͻأĳ˸ߺǰߺ޷ܵǿ
ǹ񲻴һһ˿綼û𣬽ģߺȻһִǹͲڣľȻӸߺǰʧ
ߺһȣæܿȥȴ֣ǹˡǹʥˡ
ʱ򣬸ߺȻоԼĲูһʹǸǹ¶ϣС֮С
ǹʥ˫ʣ˯˯Ѿ˯ļѾˣվȻ૵
Ȼߺ֪˵ʲôǸߺ֪ǲҪҪǣǹʥǿµĲȴϹ켣ǿռ϶Ĺ켣
һܹܹԷ˼ĵط䲻ķ˷ʤ
Ӹߺ֮ĵεѪʧڿ֮УߺһһɺӸߺ˿λñȥ˲佫Էĳǹסˡ
˳ҲԼ˿ڱˣǺ˳ǹʥĳǹٵǹʥӶȥ
ǹʥ۾һУٵĳٵȥгǹһͽˡ
ҡҡλΣߺȥĵУ޲ԷƻӰ˹ȥ
ǹʥһǹߺƣӦָдᣬдյǹߺ˲ٿͷ
ߺԷǿһǹ׼úγɵı赲ǲ룬ǹǰʱȴȻֻһ£ͽߺĺ顣
ǹʥǹߺûа취׼ԹΪأǣߺĹԷǹϵʱȴ֣ԼһȻͬ޻һ޷ʹܸо
ԼĹջصʱ򣬶Էǹȴʤ׷Լٴδˡ
ߺѾܲס˺ˣвϵ³ѪʧѪøߺеת
󣬸ߺоԼٲ취ĻԼľҪɥڴˡ
̣ߺĬĬĺ̳˸ߺУҿٵĺһһһȻǸ֮
Ҳǣ෴棬Ҳ෴棬Ҳȸǿˡ
ǣȻסˣɸߺ޷ƶԷĲѵĸоÿһζĶ˸ߺĹ
ߺ۾һȻ˵Ļ˲⣡
ٴʹ˲⣬ǣǹʥڿռ֮Уһһ㣬ȻȥˣԷĿռ壬һǵ˲˼ĵزˡ
ƾߺıǧ껪ȻûһܹԷ塣
ڸߺſʼףԼĹֶκ̫һ㣬ΪֹҲǱǧ껪̣˲⼸ѣʲôûˡ
̫ʹ⼸УȻñ˿һԼаܵһ̡
ھǺܺõӣȻԷǹԼסˣҲòˣ˲⣬ԷҲܹÿռĲŲߡ
ǧ͸˵ˣסԷ껪Ҳ׷ױԷȥˣڱ֮УÿһŶڿռ϶ǵÿһζ뺮ǽÿθߺĴϣǣȴʧ顣
ʵڲˣԷʵ̫ǿˣ˵ǰ׽ʥСʥȶ֮µĵһ֡ߺ˫ۺ䣬ڶԷʵʼ˳˽⡣
СЩɣӿǱժǸΪһ˵Ĵڣҵ۽׵ʱ򣬾۽ףҳɳزսһٶУѾܲˣ
ǹʥȻͣԼĳУվԭأӣͬѹһ㣬ĿŸߺ˵ƸոǸ˸Ͳһ㣬ոˡ


742 Ĺ
ͣ°ɣ㲻ҵĶ֣ڸߺƴһ£ԼͷıóӭеʱǹʥȴȥһǹߺˣվԭأǹƣƵ˵
ߺ˫һУΪҲĶСң
磬ҲѾжʮˣڼıϵո߽׵Ȼн׵ƣҲΪʲôߺԴӽ֮󣬶ûжùԵʡ
Ϊڱ۷ʱڣһСģ񲻰װ˷õĻᡣ
ͨԱ˽⣬ߺȻ֣ʵô򵥡
Ȼܹܵ׵øߺЩɣֱ֮ʣ
ߺһ£ҲȻˣ֮Ȼ˵ʵǱϾҲһŪĶܾô򵥡
Ҫô򵥵ĻǶԷͲˡ
ô϶ܹɱңߺûнĿŶԷ
ǹʥڸߺĵӣûй⣬ͷһھƣȻ泩Ĵеˬ
ߺ֮ɫܱܲôУ˵ᣡ
ǹʥȫߺ˵ĻصĿߺе̡
Сֵܣûв´Ļеģ̰ɣ
һ㣬ߺֱϲĵ˵ͷʮָɴ˵е̣
ô㾫ͨˣǹʥһʮʥ飬֮ɫϳֳ
Ȼ̣ԼȻûڱҪˣ˵ͷ
㵽ҪʲôߺԵʵĸ㲻һ뷨ˣոջҪҪģڴһȻʼԼˡ
ǹʥ룬˻֮Уϱñܼ򵥣Ҫ㣬ߴȫٵصҹ
仰ߺҲժǸ𣿡
ȻժǸǱػɵģߴûһҪǹʥ˻ĺţȫ߸˸ոڸߺǰֵ
ҪһҪأһƬҪѰҵżҵΣߺܼᶨҡҡͷܾ
ǣǹʥĻȴߺòע
ǿ԰ѰңƬϵκż޷ǣƬϣκһطǵˣ
ߺ˫һУС˫֮У˾˵ɱΪһĻİҵɵһˣĿĲе֮𣿡
ǹʥô˵Ҳ˵ĺӣô˵ѣ˵֣֮ҲУ
˵ţǹʥһУһƵĵʼֳԼ״
Ǳȫɵʱ򣬸ߺĺʼ˫۶ǱϵĴŴ
ԷеǱȻԼе֮ȫͬСϢһģһġ
𣿺𣿰˼˵е֮ǼٵģΪһٵϵԼߴΪУǲ׼ݺҵģ
һ仰ߺ˳˫֮Уɱŷ֮еϢΪȶʼ֮ת
ߺʵԭδսգѾӽʥߺˣֻߺһֱѹŶѣǣܵǰδе衣
ԼпܱԷˣˣݺˣڸߺ˵ĳ衣
ԼΪôƴԭǼٵġ
ûеȴߺͻƣǹʥͼʱֹס˸ߺСֵܣǱģ
Ǽٵģߺ֮󣬹ȻعǿѹסԼ֮е
Ҳǣ
ĸģĸǼٵİܸиٰɣ
ֶ֮ģǹʥĵ˵Լͷ
ߺƽһԼ飺Ǻãôһ°ɣ
һ仰仰ĽͲСֵһ˰ɣһдȻȫ⿪ˣ

Ϊ˽⿪Լеţߺòǹʥˣ˵Ҳ¶ԷһԾȫͷųԼļʨ۷ļʨȫܹԼߡ
֮ǶԷ˵ĻԼνԼѰż
һ·޻ߺԷߵһɽˮ֮أֱһƬ˼ɾߺ̲סС
ǹʥεҡҡͷСֵܣǧҪʲô̫Ҫ֪Խ࣬ʧԽ࣡
ôһܵľɫˣѲңһжǻ󣿡
ǹʥݾߵ󣬴һ֮󣬸ߺȻɫ䣺ðɣллңһƬʵͲµˣ
СֵܣҲûи㰡
ߺɸֵĺݺݵһۣͲ֪ӭһ˵ò
濴òʵΪϣƫƫҪ˵Դǣαǹʥҡҡͷ
ڸߺǰİ͸Ӱɽ֮УոΨľɫѾʧˣֵģһƬ˼һľ
˼
ﱾǵ֮ҲأֻˣȥɣĴˣܹĴ𸴣
˵⣬Ÿߺǰȥ
;ϣ벻Ӱкߺ֣ЩӰνĹҲֻ꣬Ǻȫ뵽֮С
ôĹ꣬ߺ̲סԼ촽ѾʮֵĸɬˣһƷ
ܹһﻨ˼ɾ˲һ֮ɫĵߺôԾԾǣܹģЩôһ£
ߺеʶѹп֮е磬ͬܲһ㣬ȫһɫ
طûνķݣֻһķĹӵ¡С𣬵ƮĿС
й׶ķĹҲУֻǸطĹӵĶһЩƮڿ֮С
ܺ͵ģ͸޾Ŀֲ⾳
ӭ㣬ߣƵķĹ棬һر۵ĵطǸطһ΢΢¡
ֻʵ̫СˣǲעĻȫԺԹȥ
棬籡һḷ́Ͽ۳һߵ״΢ЦĶŸߺ˵ºͣҪǴߺԲţԷЩ֮еһԱ
ֻϴڵϢȴǲݸߺӣһǿǿߡ
ãǰߺܹоԷƵǿ󣬾ͲǼʨܹȵġ
ãСֵܣӭĹһ壡ߵ˵ͷĹ峤Խڤ
ڤǰΪʲôĹ壬ܹʥ֮ȥˣ궼޹ʵʧ𣿡
ߺʳԼǣڤȴûżصתǹʥǹȷ֮У


743 ӡˣ
ʱȥ˼ʱˣĹ֮ڣǸӵĺڰ
ߺڤѾ̸˺üʱˣԴڤȷϸߺУȷ֣֮ȫûͣ¹
ͨڤĽͣߺҲȫˡ
ԭҵ֮Уÿһ򣬶ĵطɵԷ꣬ȻĻǾ޷ȫĨɱһ˵ġ
˵ҲȻΪڻҵ֮еˣǰļȫʧӦһ壬ҲĹ塣
ڤѾʥ߼޵ΪˣʥǿĴˡ
߸ߺƬҵԭĵطǧǰһ䣬ҵͿʼֲг
ԭĴǹĵطҵԭʮ˵һ죬ȻںˣĴؿʼ䣬Ƕ֪ʲôˡ
ֱĹһǰ˻ǣҪֵֻ֮ĵô˵ڼ̳֮УĹһˡ
Щ꣬ϵɳ󱲣壬͸ߴ֮Уڣٴֳ֮ˡ
ΪǹʥҲĹǹժǸ̲֮סˡ

ߺ˵үҽôĹ£ҵĶǱﰡ£и֮룬֪ܴܲӦ
Ȼ˵򵥣ǣڤȻһһʮȫ˸ߺһϸڣԼһĴ¶˸ߺ
ȻߺΪЩֻǼëƤС飬ҪȻһе峤ʲô£
޷ǣĸĸķͷռˣȻһܡ
ĸֽĸĹײ͵ˣ
ߺǸհǹܸܲɵˣ̫ŵ˰ɡ
ȫЩˣΪоԼȶˡ
СֵܣòôһˣҪһᾡģڤͷں˵
ߺˣϳ֣ܲվ˵ܻܲһط̸˵ϵģڷͷϣһľǺüСʱڿҵأ
˵˵Ѿˣ㻹һأڤһԼԴЦǺǵ˵
ⷽŷЦڸߺ޲ȥƣ꣬ˣأոջ˵òһأھˣô˵ԼˣǷͷߺһ磬ҲԱǸ󰡣
ȻЩҲˣߺ򲻸ҽģϾԷһʥ߼޵Ĵڣ˵ʥ۷ˡ
ʹʥǹҲùĽ˼һǰȻǰ
ڻһطȻĹҺõûʲôĹЩʯ滹ûдأӦǻûù
ڵһȽһĵطˣߺһܱڷضмĺðɣߺڻǱȽġ
ڤǰ˼ǣҽ֮ø㣿ߺ˵
ҲȻˣ㻹ҪǼ룬֮кǼѡȻĻ˭ϲȥ
ߺ˫һУϹ㲻ƭҰɣʵǼ̨Ҫ˼룡
Ϊƾʵ붯ֵĻܹӳȥ˵ô򵥣ֱץãҪ֪СǹȻʵǺܸߣץ׾ٵģ
ߺ۾ֱǰǰʹץҲܹڲģҲǱڲ𣿡
С̨֪ǿͨ˸ȥʹ֮Ҳ֧סǿֻͬޣ˫£
ߺԥڤ׳һذϢҸҵ֤㻹òɹĺôǲܹĹһ壬Ӵɢ
˵꣬ڤһɹʮ־Ĺ뵽˿֮С
ߺ֪ԣԼǣʵ飬ʥķѾյźţĲ˵ʥķҲ֮ɱġ
ߺ˵ͷðɣ㣬һĹһңʥ֮Уûʲôرż
ûСڤܸɴ˵
ߺһ±ŭˣϹ㵽״ҪҰæҲˣôҲае⣬˵һҲð
ΪѰҼ̳Ĺһ壬Ѱǧˣֻа˸żһʣߴţ߸̳
˵ʥûйżֻм̳ߺһطҲ̫˰ɡ
漴ߺӦҲͲط᲻һ
˵Ŀڸߺ˵ǣڤǶôǿĴˣôߺ˵Ļأ
ߺĬĬĵ˵ͷ˵ȻطûʲôżĻǾֻˣ
ͱˣѾӡ˼ˣΪӡʥ֮ʥѾˣڤĿŸߺ
ߺѪɫʲô˵ӡˣǼˣ
ڤȷϵĵ˵ͷôм£
ߺεĵ˵ͷе㼱£ڣߺȷ֮Ум֮ĴУϾһвֻɺϡ
ǣǸȴӡˣ˵Լ޷Ǹ֮ˡ
һ취ʱڤ۾֮һ
ߺæ˹ȥʲôʲô
ڤһЦ̳󣬻ᱬΪǿʱǿ㣬ؿķӡ
ǻУߺܴĵæǹķȥ
û㱻ڤסˣǣҪӡȫ⿪ܱǴഫڼ̳֮£ѹŲ˵Ĵڣƣٹģ
ߺһסˣ漴סĿЦ磬أʲôʵܹߴԿҪȻȥ
İɣߴϣǷػ̳ģǵǼ̳ػôȥأǵʹͬĹһʹǽ⿪ӡһ
ڤ仰ڸߺȺģһˮͷ䵽β
˵ʲô飬ܲ˵˵
Ѿˣ
ȻҾûа취ˣɱն˭ңҪ֮أ
ڣߺѾ¶ߴԿˡ
ȫڤĻԼߴ˵㲻ôùˣȻ⡣
ķӡˣû𼸸Ϊǲ
һ㣬ҲҪһ㣬ǾԼս֮УٵıǿߺҲˣĽݾɵ˵ķʥѪΪԼá
һֶΪأ


744 ռ䷨
ãҴӦǡߺ˫һУȴǲôڤ˵ǣڤһ
ڵĸߺѾĿǰ˵ڤôϾǶԷ˵Ļߴ̳Լ⡣
ʱֻҪߺʵﵽһĳ̶ȣͿԼȥѰĹżˣǵ;˵
ֻڤһ֮ʣߺǲôŵġ
Ҳǣ˵仰ߺţҲܻý죬ȡýյĳɾ͡
ڸߺʥҲʥ֮ô̩ȻѰżʥʮݶĴ¡
ĴĽÿһ˶ĵˣ˵ڰеˡ
˵ڸߺǲά裬ûһʵ϶ɣߺ뱣Լʵڰ׽ʥ֮¡
ܹڼļΧ֮УԼ֮ء
Ȼ˵Χ˸ߺĹ֮УߺԼٵʵǣԷЩһ֪Լʵ
ѰбضĳΪڶʥߺڣʥ۷ɱԼ
ڵԼȻܹʥߺڵ±סԼ˵ɱǣضҲֻһʥڵߡ
ʥ۷ǱضǱɣ˵ʥ߼޵Ľʥˡ
ߴ֪Լ֮ȱضܷŹԼʥ߼޵жǿ󣬴ڤϾܹһ
˵˼ҵļУȡ˼ҵļ̨صĴڡ
ڤֻ˵Լĺӡû˵ӡ֮е˵˭óóȻĽԷķӡû㹻ʵԱĻ˵ԼΪ

ȻߺӦԷˣǣû˵Ͼͽ̳⣬ΪڵĸߺѾͻƵˣʵһ֣ѵʱҲͶһݱʱ
Ǹߺܾݲ£ǰϼһ￴ǵü˳ۣһ׵ݣǸߺһͬ⣬ϼһ»Լ׵նɱ
ϾߺѾ˽⵽ԷôܣЩܿǰ׽ʥˣҲ֪Ķһ֪ĹһڣʱŹĻˡ
˵ĹһѾһεĹˣһΣ¾ˡ
ôܵصأ¸ߺҪȥˡ
ԸߺãҪǻԼʵߺԼ֮еط
ģߺڷԽԽߣ֮еĺҲʼĹ֡
Ѿʼĸֳˣ㷨ҲʼΣȵߺ㷨εʱ򣬾ͿĳΪʥߺڵˡ
ƾһֲǹѾĶˣǣܲ׽ʥһսδ֪ˡ
ߺչصĵطɽ֮ϵһɽ֮УɽΪͣҾܸߣԼɵĸ߶ȡ
ѰʥҪȥô򵥵ģʱڤλˣԸͲ̫ĹŸߺ
ߺһչأ£֮УߺڵĶ֮Уû˿ķӦûС
һ죬ȻڸߺչصĶڵλãٵĽɽӶȥ
˵ɽڤɽư磬ɵĸ߶ȣʥ֮жҲɽ˵֮ȫˡ
ڤɽȴǳǧţһĺٵڿᣬڤɽȫһ޴ıɽð˿˿ڤɽ֮µĹһǵùˡ
ߺĺԹĹһ壬ڸߺĺ֮£һı
ҺڤڣڤΪʥ߼޵ľǿߣֻһ֣ͽߺĹ˱⣬ָԷж
ǣЩԴʱȴָߺĺȻֻôһĹЩ½˾ųɡ
ʵʮ֮һˣ˲ٵ۽׵Ĺ塣
ҿﱾǵΪسĵطȻǻԱˣԵҲల¡
ߺܣðȦΣⲽϵΧŸߺ
֮еĺɢȥıĿռֵᡣ
ߺ΢΢Լͷڤǰ̤ʱڤǰͻأĳһռѷ죬ߺȻǰȻĿ
ڤǴһ𾪵ĿŸߺڿвϵ߶ռ䷨ǿռ䷨ôܻռ䷨أ
ߺмһЦΪβܻռ䷨ǰܹȥ̳ˣ
ߺҲֻͻƶѣû뵽ǣԼͻƵĹ֮УԼĺռżǿĿơ
дˣ֮Уߺϲŷ򣬻ſռ塣
ߺĿռѾԲˣһͻ֮ȻˮɵΪ
ռ䷨ǲͬڱķĿʼڣʱһֱǿû֮һһǾ޷ͻƵġ
Դسʼյܹġ
ʱûжܹܹʱǿߣָ˵ٿʱԵеġ
һƶղ룬Ȼİơ
ռȻʱôԲٿأǸռĻҲӦǵڶˡ
˵ǣߺѾܹʹˣһʮֵϤ
Ǿʦ֣λǿߡ
û˽ʱ壬ǶԿռѾΪռ䷨ˣԴҲԣȻڿռǿ󣬸ߺҲᡣ
ǣ뵽ǲٿؿռ̶ȣһռֱ򵥵һͿԴһռ
Ŀռ䣬ͿʵǸߺ򼰲ϵġ
ϣֻҪռģǿˣڵǹ
ռ䷨ģǸޣδ޿ԽսѾͬԷˮһˡ
󣬵ǰսأԷ˺ѿռ䣬ԼȻ󷢳
οռΪռ䷨֮󣬻һֱãøߺ㵱ɱģԲô򵥵ľǰڤ֪ˡ
ϾߺԴڤġ
˵ڤԼܲսʤ԰׽ʥһսˡ
ߺڤĻֽڤɽı⣬ڤɽ棬ֻ߶ȣڤŸߺȥġ
ڤɽĸ߶̫ˣҵﶥǧ֮£ǷӡߺһΣǲӵ˿ռ䷨򣬻ûа취ӹǽƵǿһ
ɽ֮ϣͨһһɫ᣹
м䣬һԲ׵Ĵ͵⣬ߺǿűȽϼģƽ
Ǹģڤ˵һһֳ֮С


745 ʬ
ڤĵˣվ˴֮Уһ͵տɫĹߺ͸оſռ֮С
ҲøߺѾ˿ռ䷨ռ֮дʱ򣬾ȻԽĶԿռ䷨ԽԽˡ
ҿʼţԼĿռ䷨ںϵԼķ֮Уһߺʵһֻ˶١
ʱǳĶֻ̣һգ۵Ĺ򣬾͸оԼǰһѾˡ
ǣĿĵ֮ǰľȴøߺˣŴͣɵ㶵Ŀǰǲϵĳ鴤
ǰ󣬸ߺʮֵϤ뽣۸ոʥʱǸż
˵ʵż֮Уߺ˴طķҲ֮Լʵѣ˵ʵ֮⣬ڴ˸ߺûеõκεʲôô
ǣչʵΣߺʮֵϤˡ
Χǲɭ֣ߺԭΪԼѾﵽʥߺˣӦòЩˣЩֵ飬ߺΪƾԼܹնɱЩˡ
ǣߺ벻ǣʹԼﵽʥߺڣĹȻɸˡ
һССߣܹʹÿռٵԼߺľ룬һβ֮£ߺ۳ĺ׵ķˡ
ߺܹӶԷ岨֮иӦȻʥߺڵʵңܹʹÿռ
Ȼˣ߻Ⱥӵģһپʮ
Ҳøߺӵпռ䷨һ˺ͽռ˺ˣȥĸߺǸطʧ
ڸߺѾﵽ˿ռ䷨ܹ̾ѡĿԵƶԣߺδԽռ䣬ʥ֮ǰ
ߺ֣γĵطȻ֮ǰһνȥֵĵطһľ룬ƬɭҲǷġ
ÿһƷֵͬŽ֮˵ʵжӦóһƬ֮С
ߺתǰʥ֮ȥҲоˣԼνĶӦþǰԼĹʬ
ҲøߺһѰˣʡ˲ٵʱ䡣
ߺûпʱ֣棬һĽͬ˿һ㣬Χɲϼһ״
ÿһˣǲĻûа취оǣһ֮£ЩĽͻ¶
ңٵıϢ˷ȥٶޱȣҿߺˡ
־ڸߺǰһ㺮ǽǽٵĴӺǽϻĺ£ƫƫëѩɢɢƮڿУ
ǣƫƫЩѩǷɲĽ޲ĽӴܹ⽣жǿ
Ʈȥһ˿ѩߺĴڲһԼķȥ潫Ǹܴܡ
ߺţЩһǸܸġ
ûΪЩǿ󣬶ǸܣҪ֪֮ڣΨһͬľˡ
ߺߺһۣҲܵĽлǵʥ֮ӡˡ
ǰɭֶӡסˣӡɡ
ǸߺڤĴ˵Ҫ취Ƶǲ
Դ˸ߺСˣܲǷƷҪȻĻҲôǿˡ
ô죿ߺ˫һУʼ˶ԲߣɲԼľͣסˣңոмĴˣû뵽Ҳӡסˡ
ûʲôĻߺҪ¶ϡ
ȱûжԣûз֮ߺգߺʵôļ򵥡
ߺȻͷһԼ֮֮˳
ҲǴ֮ˣҲǸߺʵǿˣ˲ʧʵˣ֮ߺȻĽ֮˽ȥ
ЩԼ˺񲢲ӭ֣֮Ϊ̫֮ŨˣǸߺϢѹƣ˵ԼĻ꺣ᱻռˡ
֮ദһʱ򣬾Ȼ֮ǰǿʮľ
ߺ֮󣬶еԼľս
ߺһһ֣֮˫棬ֿ֮ʼնȻƸǶǼɵġ
·ĩ٣׹˸ͬŭ֮С
ѾСȻĻЧ
ߺ˫ߺͷΧϵķžžڸߺܣȦοʼˡ
޾ĺܵȥСɭֲ֣ȻʼͬѪɽĺѹԵ
ĺѸԭᣬһıԭʹ˵Щԭ֮е޲ߺĺ棬֮еʧһɶ
ߺĺѾԵľˡ
ķ뵽˵ȦΣѾߺ˴ȵԺĿƣҲ
֮ûԼķιЩҪЩͬϼһǿԼķνˡ
ȻЩͬԼ껪һ㣬˵Ϊǣˣߺˣ鵹ҲǼٵġ
ģϵ˸ףڽ׼ȷ˸ߺϣˮͰϸ׹⣬ߺĥ˺
忪ʼ׵֮±ýڣҿͷбػţԼĻ꺣ϡ
ǣߺ֪ٲ취Լûнֵ֮۳ɹ͵׽֮£ɿˡ
ƾȻܹ꺣ԼҲʮֵҪġ
Ҫ֪ﲢûжٷˣΪƵγɣмشһ
ûзǰ֮£ߺָԼ壬ѶȾʹ̫ˡ
˵ϼʱ䣬ܹ۳ɹҲǲġ
ڸߺ壬ʱߵʱѾʥˣ֮гʥĴڣĳѾѷˡ
Ȼǿ󣬵ûа취ôǿˣٵĻָ
ʵǿãǻָҲѵġ
ˣֻüˣû뵽ոջָҲû೤ʱ䣬ȴΪٴ޸״̬ˣ
˵գߺһͷ֮ϵıʼϵı
ߺͺǾһ㣬ԴԴϵĹӦǾ޴ǱٵһᣬȻԲɵĴС
ϿǶԸߺ׷ĸߺڱ֮Уһööӷ˳ٵеƺȥ
֮бըǣƵǿǸߺܹġ
ǺӵıըҲֻө֮⣬ԣ
䡭ˮͰϸ׵磬ıϣ׹Уɢĺ֮½뵽ߺ֮С
֮̽£ߺ̴һ׵ʵ̫ǿˣȻǿеĽԼĺֽˣ˴


746 ֲľ
һ֮ڿʼήǱȻ˵ѺۣɶǸߺûпġ
ȻߺһֱδãǣȴҲΪʲôܹʹ˺ңܹӦԷѾԱıԴ˺ˡ
Ҳ˵ͨñֶָԱָͻ췦ˡ
ڸߺоοܹһʱʥ֮УȻĻǡ
Ǹߺǰʥ֮Աߵļʥ֮У׷׵ĳꡣ
ѹѹһƬնˣڵ꣬ߺ㶼һ㼦Ƥ
꣬𣿶ȷˣ⻹ǹ𣿡
ߺбĵĳ׵𾪵ˣǸߺʶ漶ǿҲûô𺳹
ô꣬Ǳ磬һǿడ
磬ȻΪ֮Уǿһ磬Ҳ֮࣬ǣǰڵ꣬СĶǵ۷Ĵڡ
ǿģߺеԼڶԷ
ʥ߼ޣ漶꣡ߺ˫һУͷļ꣬а̾
Щ겢ûйߺתеĺɫƷȥһ£ÿһ磬Ĺɢ
ǣЩͬ˼Ѫһ㣬ֱܵУǰХڹХߺеԼľһĻ㱡
޲ڵĹԶԶߡ
ҿߺҲסˣϾڹûгԼ֮еƶȥԷĿͲԼ
ڹͬһƬƣĳ֮Уϵ
ֻϧǹУĿǣЩ꣬ɥ֮С
ʱ򣬸ߺеҲۼĲˣͬīһڡ
ͬ޾ĺҹеĹâڣ֮Χһ˿ԴΨбɽȥ
ĵߺȴͻȻоԼޱ޼ʵĺڰ֮Уһͷ
ƬռϢ޾Ĺ¶Хֹ
Ȼߺ֪ԼֻǱ̫ǿԼ꣬ǣȴûа취ֿ
ɫĵȥȥȴǵֻ֣ȴ治ˡ
ַֻ·ھ֮ϣŰ޾Ŀռ䣬Ŀռ䱻ɢϢͻա
νգûһ˿ڵĵطȻ˵ѹԲǿ󣬵ǣʯʲôڵġ
෴һЩеʱ򣬲ܹ˺ǷձĿռ䡣
ǣߺڿˣֻƣֻƾзԲǧһ˫ֱӵأ֧ħ
øߺоԼһĴڣڶԷǰһ˿ĻᶼûС
Էֻɢһ˿ܹԼѹ
ִѹƣߺѾܶûˣϴʱ򣬻ԼΪߵʱԻȪ档
ȻڵĸߺʥߺڵʹԻȪ棬ҲԲĸоΨһܵǡԷĴڡ
뵽⣬ߺкȻ˵жôǿ󣬽迴ˡ
ڸߺжӯԷҲʲôĴڣֻֻ֡
ֱֻۣѾǿ˹ˣֱ۵ˣǸǿʲôزߺˡ
ڸߺʱֱֻڶˡ
ѣһ춯أһɲǼ䱻ˣΪֶֻ˶ѡ
ھֿʵֱۣٵĻӶߺĿ꣬ҲǰĽ˺ȥ
䡭
ֱֻӴȥݺݵһǶԸߺ˵ѵķӡȻֽͬһ㣬˺ѿˡ
ǣߵ𣬿ٵ֮еֺȥ
ߵȻûħƾ޴󣬵ǣҲаصĴСˣߵٵ˺ѿռ䣬˲ħƵǰ
ʥ֮ôˣڱԼʵˣǿЦ漶۷ΪҲ۸岻ȫѣ
ֻУݣͬڤԨһĿɲ
ͬĸɲ񣬼ˮ֡
Сӣһãٴɢ
ߺʱûзӦֻǱǰľ󾪴ˣΪǿ޵е֣Ȼߵ޴Ľ֮£ڽڰˡ
˵ڵĸߺֱеɵƵģʲôҲֻŵͷͷ֮󣬲ŷе㲻Ծ
ҿʲô˼۲İҪҪھ߰磬͵İߺڲʲôᰡ
ããǽڣǲӵĻܻһЩߺڲϵİԼµҲûʲô˵ˡ
ֻôܹԼһ˿·
ߺ壬֮ͬеһҶۣǿĲб϶֮䣬ϵߣߣϵпռѡ
ߺߣǣЩϵԼҪһ㣬ѾԼȫʱӡסˡ
־ħߺʲô÷Եأ
üΣߺ㱻˫ջУΣյһΣǲԼƤȥģǽǽ磬ķ硣
ֻߺǸط˲ѿˡ
ߺˣֽ׼սԼܹأԼʲô𣿡
ڸߺһַſԼ飬ξժģŻ
ԷȻǿ󣬲һߺȻħм䣬ħҲٵСߺλÿ
һ뵽˸ߺ֮Уѹһĵز뵽ߺ˫֮ˡ
Ҳ˵ڵĸߺ˫۲ԼģĶԼġ
һʵ˫ˬ죬ֻ壬С۸
һ˿˿Ĳ뵽ߺĻ꺣֮Уߺ֪ⲢǶԼ˵ģʱ̫ˣء
ţСӲȻͨ壿ҲãֶѾܶûˣվ͵ȥˣȨһã
Ǹɿɳƣڸߺȴǿֲ亹ֱ
һһ˫ֱ۶ˣֱҪȨˣ
ֱ۵ȴɭЦһὫ֪ȫʩչֵܹ֮ܲסĹ˵Ц
ߺ˶ʹȥˣĺ£ǣԼòںϵľ磬ԷȴԼ⡣
һֵסĹǻ֮бը۸ߺôǿԼķըΪǱסˣǰ


747 ʱ
ߺȻ֣Ǵ·ⱾԼѡģҲԹˣ˵ǵʱѡĻԼҪһطˡ
һƴһҲȵǧǧ걻ڴ˵Ҳǿ
ڸߺΪʥߺڣĻʥߵԼʮңѾǧ֮һʱת
ֻܹǧ֮һʱתܱΪʥߡ
ʱתֵĸһޣһʱתһꡣ
ʥߣȻǳѷ˵ļΪ֤ǧ֮һʱˣǿԼԨļʶԱΪʥߡ
ֻʥߵһ˵ǵʮҲһ
˵ڵļʨȻѾ˼ʮˣǣͻƵĻҲٻ¼ʮ
˵ҲܲͻƣѾʥ۷ˣֻҪͻƵ漶ԪȻһʵ
ߺоԼ˫ۺԼһͲԼĿƣԼֱ۵ʲôصһ㡣
ǸͬɲһٴβףǿȻ򣬶Ǻ򣬶֮оȻпռ䷨򣡡
ûǲеģովȻûзߺ֮УǿĲ
ҲڶԷҪҲѰɣ򣬺СĲһǰ㡣
򣬳ˮ֮ˮ֮ͬͬԴľˮԪأҲǺ⣬ǡܹǬԴ
ߴӶŸߺ˫ۣ޴һŸߺֱ۵趯ڰУݺݵߵĻȥ
һ֮£տʼѣ˷ڣܼȥЩɳȥǲķӡƬ
ǲ֪ʲôϽɵʥ֮˷ĩڵ˷ڵ˷ٵƮȥ
ĵҲ¶һʼԼ壬ǲˣ·ŵľ޽Ҳ׷׶¶˳һ¶ԼĹâ
ǹâ˷ȥһƬƬռѸٱգǽϵĽâܹһռ䣬֪Էжôǿ
ǸߺҪһĿռ䣬ҪʹԼĴУǿſԣοĿռ̣֮Ǹߺġ
ǣ֣ߺоԼǵСûɶأ
ٿʥ֮еĸַ׷ѾΪ𣬽ҿԼķӡϵƣʼԴԴϵȥ
ߺȻ޷Լ壬ǲ˵Ͳܹ˼ˣΪ˫ħ۵ľӳɣԶڸӦȻҲ˺ܶࡣ
ȻЩԴԼħ۵ľȻߺܹӦԷӦκδڣȴκεķӦ
Ҳ˵ڵĸߺ͸һ3DӰƵģȻʵӾܣǿ۵ڣȴ޷ıκζ
ܹܵϵƣȻкϢո޷оΪոյΪ̫ˣͲϵƸܡ
ϢѲɣġߺ뵽ĳֿܣʮֵļڵҪЦ˫ħ۶Լвˡ
ƬҵΪ˾ѰǴеĴڣڿԼĲûдҪõУͱ漶
Ȼôȥˣ֪ûпǿߵ׻ж١
ǣⶼ޷ֹҪõеľģڿʱѾˣֻеõУܹٵڵΪ
һΪĴڣýԼļȫӹ
˫ħҲ˿ƵӸոտʼѾˣֻǲĿһۡ
û뵽ǸϹȻûȻһҵ飡
ȻǾڲǸߺȴûа취ѯˣΪֶԷѾˣϾǼ漶ĸ֡
ǣǼ漶ȽϱߣΪʥĴڣ񲢲ֻǷ漶
֮ǰ֮ԹߺΪߺڲϾۼֵ֮Ĺ֮УѾ漶Բű
ħγɵʱƬҲӦʧˡ
һ£Ҫ˫عһڸߺ֮еֻħۣһеơ
ȻڸߺˣǼγɵƣ޵˫۵Ĵڣĸ˸ߺ޾ĺô
ԭߺǿȣֻʥ߽׶ΣûӦĵ߽׵ĵز
ǣ֮󣬸ߺǿĴﵽʥߺˣһź֮ףߺ壬ѾʥߺڵĽ׶Ρ
ߺڵԪǱĸӵʵˣûΪ֮鸡
ˣߺҲΪεƣһ˿⣬Ǿǹں׽ٵ
Ȼܹһ㣬ߺţԼҲܹһ㡣
ܲգޱ޼ʵȣߺ
ٸߺһȷǾǸո̽鵽ɱĻ˫ħ׽ȣܲƵĺ֮˵ĺ˵
ҪƵЩʥƵĺ֮£Ȼʼҡҡλεģͣҡ
Ҳӵʱ̫ˣħ֮еҲЩˡ
ɶ񣬸ոհװ˷ЩһˣڣٻһЩ
ߺǲȻһ뷨ڲ˵ķǳΪѣֵĽ
ãֻħȻûӣǱϾһ˿֮ء
з֮ǾǻʶĴڣȻܹ˼ˡ
ܵ˸ߺǽģ̿ʼͷ˸ߺСӣҪ˵ʲô˵ɣ
ߺԼγɲСӲţҲǰĴߣ֮еҲһľˣǰ籣壬ɵƣ
ĵΪסǿ֮ȥĺǿǸϱڡȵȣ˵ʲôĴߣѲɣ
ߺҪͷǷȴ㲻ˣֻεĳˣѾȷӡˣ
ǲǻеͷȮǼһųǼҲֻʤһ˿˿ѣ
ߺ˵ͷǣͷȮȷǿ󣬵ǣǰͷȮҲˣ
Ϣߺܹܳ˫֮еĲֱߣ¶ʧȥŭޡ
Ҫӣֿ֮ѣȻʱ޳ܵС𡭡
ߺоһޱǿֱײĽ뵽Լ壬ΪЩˡ
ҿûͷųֻͷųһ˿˿˶ѣߺٽϾҪɢˡ


748 ǿĵ
ܵ˷ǳĴ̼ߺоԼ˫֮еĴڣֵķŭֺ޲ý綼ڿ֮б
ȻߺҲʮֵĿ־壬ǸȴΣʲô°
ֻŷŭˣԼĸո񶼺ˣԼ˵ǰ⼸漶⣬񡭡ѾȫɥʧˣѾԼĽˡ
ڸߺʼɣԼʱĸòý֮߶Էˣ¶ԷڵԴ󷢰Ǽ漶˫۶ʼð̹ˡ
⼸˵ʱ𣿺ǿߺ֪ȥĻ֪ʲô
ϾԷѾӽˣɲǸߺԸ⿴ģֻǱ˼ʹԼûлر飬Ǽġ
Ȼһ￴뼫֮ŲĹϵⱾߺǲֻһҲа
죬СӣǿڼǸϼһϣھ𣡡ǸϼһѾͷˡ
ǣ֪ѶˣЩô죬ȻԸЩ漶ģԸߺǲƷ
˵ˣЩ漶ҲǺĴڣƾֻ֣֮ǰԸ˼Ǽѵʲô̶ˡ
˼ҵˣġ
һȻһĴڣǱϾֱֻֻ۶ѣҺֻѣʵֱۡ
һʤ͸ˣߺȷϵǣһһԼɡ
˸ոǸ飬ģǶԷܹȫĻܹʱٵĽʥ֮ķӡ
ϾԷǿߣԼĽҪ׵Ļ⼸ֻʱ߹ȥӴӡ
ߺɲô룬ֻҪа취𣬶Ǻð취
ֻƵֱ۶ѣʵ㲻ϣ棬漶ĸ֣ͣȹһأ¸ٻ㶼ûа취ɱǰѣ
СôĿ˫֮ɢϢã͸Щ۵Ĺһᣬ֪ʲôǿߣ
ߺˣ˼ڹһȦףһνģ꣬ʲô°
ֱ۲Ϊֱֻۣһǻ۶ûУӴӡƻʧ˵ܱ𣿻ǡ
ߺȻʶһ⣬ڶԷѡԼӡʱ˵̳֮죬Ҫѡһѹƣܹɹ
һ·ϣҲûиܵԼ֮ʲôôѲɣǹؼ
ߺûٹԼ壬ǲϵĻţԴӽ֮һУУΪʲôƫƫҪ֣ܹ֮Ӵӡ
ˣ޾뵽ӡߵ壬ҲˣΨֿ޾ûС
ߺʧȥ˿ԼȨǲȨͲܶ
뵽⣬ߺ΢΢һЦȻǰµȰ裬ô¾Ĳˣȡ
ų꣬þȫʼԼ֮ڸߺĲиŬ֮£ϵˡ
ϾԷҲûйĿԼ꣬ǣԷȻǿ󣬵ǣڿƲô֮£޷ѹס
ַԭȫģҪƾԲǺܼ򵥣ڵ˫ʧˣһõĻᡣ
ԣߺһ֮£Ȼؿ˷ӡϵ֮
Ȼ֮Ƴ׶״ҲϵתٵǷӡסܹ˫ֵࡣ
ڸߺĲŬ֮£Ƿӡڿʼѷ죬ʱ˫Ҳ˸ߺ춯
Сҡ
ʲôҵģ׳գǿӮˣôǿʵƫƫӲˣ㱾ûӣ
˵գǷӡҲڸߺĲиŬ֮£˷ĩߺɹܹԼ˫ˡ
ߺоԴԴǿٵĴ˫֮Լӿȡ֮֮һ
ң磬֧޷壬ŸߺС飬ߺûиܹԭôǿ
һ̣ߺкȻɣʲô漶ʲôʥ򣬺Լµһ
棬ԼԼ޴ȥκεطסԼĽŲ
ɾһƬˣ֮зһУԼƿ֮УκεӲԼɱ
Щ꣬ԼһͷͿɱǣߺƬˡ
ﶼԼٿ֮µĸоǺǣӡˣֱӽһԺʡ˲ٵĹأ
˵ţߺٿԼ˫֣һʥ֮ȥ
䡭ʥ֮Ȼ飬һ漶ĵҲڳˣϵƸӵŨˣ֮ǰ˲ֹһǰ㡣
һɶ಻ɵĹߺҪľЧ
Լȫ򣬽˫ħ֮еǿѹסһɳ죬Ʒȥ
ħ֮еȦȦɢԼ嶼
ߺ֮УʼЩңħ֮еԼһ˿ʼĹ
⽫۳Ƶ뷨ߺûй㣬ߺЩʼ𼫱֮ˣţȻܹ뵽
Ƿŵߺϣߺǻٶʱ䣬Ҳ벻ֹ˼ҲǾɡ
ߺڻ룬ôԼʵʥ۷ʱ˼Ѿǿˡ
رٶʱ䶼޷ֲġ
ĺ򣬲֪ߺĺ߳ٱǰҲ֪ʲôĴڣȻӢ˵Ĵֺ
֮֮ȫںһ𣬴ĵ
ƹһķ򣬿Գȡ꣬õһ˵֮С
ңǱ꣬ܵĿƣĿܣȻԼ˼άǣȴٿԼС
ңֵ꣬ĥ˺ȫƹķ򣬿ӱԼķֱϡ
ַɱǼģǼΪģټרŶ˺֮ϣһģֱɢǿҲˡ
ˣǿҲûõģǣܹҪԷȫµķ֮ȫſܳɹԷ
ǣַ˵ԸµֻҪ֮Լ̫࣬Լǰȫûϣˡ
治֪⼫֮õʲôӣڣҵЩҪʶһӢˣߺ֮Уһ߲ϵĲ̺ķ֮һ˼


749 ҵ֮
ߺĴзһ˿һĵط򲻵ܹĻɱͬߣΪԽս
ǾȻ޷ǱԼǿεǣȴܹ֮⣬ڸߺҪһ㡣
ܲԽսͿһˣԷķαסԷ޷ڵ÷һԷԼŪ
ǣЩСǣүˣǡף԰ǲˣȿȿȣ鲻ġ
ǽԷֻʣǾͺöԸˣո˵Щ
УܹױԷ꣬ϵϵĶЩ˺¾ȵͻ˱⣬ҲѾһĵزˡ
˵Զľͱ򳹵׵ı⡣
Ϊߺĺ򣬿Ǽвԣԭͱʮ꣬ⲻຮϣò˵ǾԵıˡ
Ҫ뽫׵Ǳ뽫Լ֮֮ȫںϡ
֮Уûн⵽һϢ
ǸߺҪԼǸߺûֻͨϢ
ʵߺһֱһɻǾǣԼΪʲôо֮ķ֮Լرǣ񽫸ߺ˼ˡ
Ǹߺɻĵطߺδļ֮ôܾʶԼأѲΪԼ֮У̵Ϣ
ǣһܿͱߺˣĻֻҪͿˣ⼸ȥˣߺţû˴ﵽֵȽ׵ǿ
ߺ԰Сϵǿߡ
磬ôԼʸߵ˱ȱȽǣ֮ɳҹշǡ
ôܾѡԼأǣԼ֮вΪ֪Ĵڣ
Դӳɾͻ֮󣬸ߺһֱоԼ·һǰƽġ
ȼ̳֮ʥ֮Ϊʲô֮־ƫƫ뵽ԼУѲɣԼôˣ
ң˵ǣǹʥȻĹһǹҲһ֮֡
ּ֮ƿ̳Ĺؼ֮һԼΪһؼء

·ϵһУ֮еһУߺԽӵĻɣһĴڣڽԼһƵط
ڶԷĿ굽ʲôԷĿʲôߺ֪
е˼ѹȥߺ֪ĻûʲôôֻнԼһĽ׶ΣſĽ⿪еɻ
ʱҲҳָʹĻ֡
ܹ־ģԲʲôߣĻʵǿʹ֪˶ԷڵʱҲԼʱ
ֻԼɳĹ֮УĻʵʱ򣬵ԼǰʱԼбǱϣ
еһ飬ϣǿʵĵ֮²ܹɣȻĻֻǻСѡ
ߺҲǺԵģңʮĺԣȻܹסЩƺ롣
Щ׵򱻸ߺ֮˫֮еȫĵֵ档
ȴȫ˸ߺ֮УǸߺֱۣǿ
Ȼǿıֱۣǿߺֱۿʼѿһ˿˿Ѫ˫֮͸˳
ߺֱ֮еǿ󲨶һƬƬѸٵĿʼѣߺܣȻûһ˿յĴڡ
ȫǱޣ֮ûκĴˡ
ߺǺڰͷڿ֮Ʈ˫֮гſ񱩵ɫ
ʹƿɣߺԼһֻ֣ݺݵǸʬȥڹʬ֮Ǽ漶ߣæʩչԼҪߺһƵֵ档
ߺĺƿĿռ䣬Щǰ
ǽڸߺһǰֽͬһ׷ױƿѣʧڿ֮С
ڸߺãԼֿҪӽʬʱǹʬϵһķӡرǿ
ڿһ޴Ļƽɫƣһӣ˲ĿռѸٵѣǻƽɫľִ˽ȥȻڸߺֻľǰ
ƺݺݵײһ𣬷ǵصĲԶɭ֮Уеһж˷ɻңԶϯȥ
صնʼϵŤѡ
ߺǻƽֵ֮һ𣺡⡭ǿĿռ䷨򰡣ңռ䷨Ѿ뻯ľˣ
ȻˣǸߺԾûڿеĺ΢΢һƽ־ͻΪ˻ҽ
ǣӡסǹʬٴαصһֻֻ޴ĻƽγɣȻʼ޾գңԶԶŶ
ʧͬһʱ䣬ǻƽѾ֮ϣм䣬ûκεʱš
Ҳ˵ͬһʱ䣬ǻƽͻأĳ˰֮С
ڸߺоʱǿеĻƽ־ȻٵߺߣߺӦѾߺǰˡ
ʱ䡭ʱ棬ǿ򵽵֮һû뵽ѹסǸʬ֮УȻ
ߺҲֵ𾪣û뵽ڵʦ֮󣬾Ȼٴοʱ
ϴεʩչʱʱ򣬸ߺΪ̫ͣ޷ܵʱıʱĲ졣
ڵĸߺ˫֮ĳ⣬Ѿʱĸ߶ȣȻܹܵˡ
ʱţĲͬ
ʱŷǳԷЩƽƼӳʱ٣һߺ弴ʹٿ죬ҲûйʱֵסЩƽˡ
ƽƾߺԽԽˣߺȻнǣ˫ԾڰУ޷ٵ̧
ڸߺ˫ۣĿ׼ʱ
䡭һ޴ƬʱգȻһǿˡ
ǸʬҲзȥеľ޽ǻķеߡ
ӡ𣿹ʱֻ۷ĴڣΪ޵𣿡
Ǿ߹ʬͬɲһڸߺĶ𣺡ҵ˫֣ٴλصҵˣʱ𣬱㣡
˵ţŸߺһ֣ߺԼ˫֮еٵֻƳ˰С
󣬿ٵۣΪʵ˫ƣǹʬȻҲٵ۰򣬵û֡
ӵֻһ޶ڸߺ֮У˫׷׺һһ˫ۡ
˫ؾˣŰɣͷ­壬˫ţ˫Ȼһģʱӡǧ꣬վһˣ
ЩƽֿʼѸٵᣬڿбһ͸ľ޴ơ
ҵ֮ΪҿǼ޵ƾʵΪܹңƽ֮УɢһİĲ


750 
ĴڣӽȻҲѾһ˿ĳ̶ȣԱΪ
ڻûмܹǿĴڣ涼Ϊ
ǻƽֵ˼νʱĴڡ
ǻƽ˫һӣߺ֣ʱ侹Ȼʼĵ󶼿ʼˣǿһ¼Ӱʹ˵һ
ߺһǣʱʱ⵹ʱȻܹʱ䡣
ߺ֣ԼĶʼٵĵأ˫ħۣȻʼķֽ⣬ħ۵Ҫֱ֮һ
ߺû뵽ǣ˫ľ֣Ͳ£΢΢һǷʱվͿʼˣѳ
ȻˣͲ׵Ľȥοֻһѣ
˵ţľֺݺݵȥһɺɫԷ˳ȻǷʱնɢˡ
ǿһʱգǵĿռ䣬һʱ䣬ǿ޿ɱ⡣
ʱ䲻ͬڿռ䣬翵ĴڣҪҪ֮ɢǿһ²ſԵġ
ߺģʹǿǧ򱶣Ҳһʱ顣
ֻԷɢĲռʱ䣬Ķ˻ƽߺ֮ʱգ֮ϵˡ
ߺоԼ˵һʧӰ٣֮еľҲð࣬ٽˡ
ǣɢǿĻƽ֣ɲǸߺƥеģ̺ǿɿߺǧٴζࡣ
е֣ҲǷǳţXܹʱգȻʱֱ֮ۿеήңħֱϾʵ壬ǻƽһ㣬ֻ
ԣȥҲȻƽˡ
˫ڿдսһٻغϣÿһغ϶Ƭ֮˲
Ҳڸߺ֮ǿӰĿתĶ濴һܵΣգͿʼѸٵĶѡ
ȻĻߺ岻˲Źء
ʹصĶܣߺҲǿѪ嶼ѿˣѪӿ˿˿
ߺʥߺڵȻԷսĲܲסڲȫ壬ȫĻ¼ʹǲߺҲᱻ
תۿ߸漶ļһȻҲǵܣǴҴյһƬռ䡣
ڹмڣ⼸漶ļһﵹûʲô飬ߺöˡ
ߺֵǣҲߺߺһ
ҲߺȽϲĵط˵׵ĻǱضǸߺĪˣѰطҲͲ֪֮Уֻһǵ֮ķӡ֮
˵ҲǸߺԼҵ֮ģҲ
ǾȻߺһ㣬ƾߺܣҲȥԴøߺ벻ͨ
Ȼ˼ҲԼԼҲûбҪȥҶԷ鷳ǰһӰɡ
ߺţһֱ֣ջԼ
ˣҵ֮Ȼûа취ֹҾֻóҵıնɱˣ
ƽ֮УɢĲǻƽ߸漶˵޽棬߰ɣ˷һ
ƽһԸ߸漶׷׵˵ͷ
ķƶһνľ޽ٵתԼ壬еľ޽ǻĻ磬һɽ
ǽ˺˿ռ䣬ռ䶼룬ǣǿռ䲢ûпٵϣһ֮֮ڷɳʮŵӰÿߵӰȻߺǰ⼸Ӱһ޶
һģһģ˲졣
ÿߵӰ뵽һ֮УÿһӰЩܻɵľ޽֮ӰʵһݣҲǿһ֡
˵ʱµľ޽ôôأԭ˷Ѫ֮Լ廯߷ѹҰʱգ㵹Ҳ±Ǯ
ֵ䳰ȷνʱû˵ǻƽֵܣһĿռ俪ʼѷ죬ǧƵĻƽִзɳ
뵽֮Ȼ˫ߺСһĺʲôİɣ
ʱֲֻûʲô·ʱ䶼һ㣬ôͣ˰С
Ƭ綼·Ҫһ㣬һƬƬգʼԶⲻ֪˭磬Ȼʼˡ
֮еĻƽֿ龰Ҳһͣ˵ˡ
ԭʮĻƽ˫һһĿռ˰У޽׷뵽С
޽Ҳûзֻǵվԭأʮֵ䡣
䡭
һ춯صȻˣħۻƿռ䣬ʥ֮С
ǻƽǼԦŰԼĿռ棬ħ۽̯ߺӰС
ߣֻʱĺ£úõĳģ˵ţȿʼԶ̤
ÿһʥ򶼸Ŷһ£رѣɽ鱩
һ򣬷ֳݵľ޴壬ϵ߷ڷɵĹ֮Уʼϵںϡ
һͷ­֪ʲôط˹ڿкХţ·ֻһХ㲨Ƭռ䶼ˡ
ߺһĻ㱣оԼ·Ҫˡ
ҿߺ֮УƵЩȻߺΧ棬ߺ档
һ̣ߺ𾪵ľչڸߺǰ
ֻӰƮİǾ޴ͷ­ܣͬǹһ㣬ɭľ󣬸ߺǵһο
Ҳ֪Щ굽ǶôǿߣߺҲˣäĿʹãԼҲᱻ˲ȥ
߹𣿹Щ꣬øʵʮ˲Ǿ޴ͷ­˵š
Щħٶȣʵ죬һ˫۵Աߣʼ塣
һһصĲħ˸ߺǰǿ׳ߺʼɣ˵ûаˮֵĸʬ
ҵ֮Ҳս㽫ǸСһｻң֮˽ˣ
˵ţƽָָߺߺСǸоҪԼɤˡ
ǹ˵ĴߣҲܽ㣬߷Ǿ޽棬ǹԹԵɣ
˵ţǶħ˫ֻӶ򣡡
ȥʥ򶼷·ӣңݹǣؽǣԩڿƮÿһ·޾ԩ
ԹߺޱȵʹҪʧһ㣬֡
ڸߺľ޽ҲܣһͷХڽ
ǻƽǡñɨУͬʵʵĽ⣬˲úܵ˺ܴ˺


751 
רڶԸķд˷ߣ걻õɢߺĻ꺣֮УƵϢ
ЩϢߺڼ֮ģʮֵ
Ӧ˵ͨ͸׵˽⣬ңڵ֮˸ı䣬뵽Լĺ֮Уγ˶һ޶ĺ
ңĵҲǱⴿĵǿ٣಻֪á
˵ֻǵͲˡ
ںϣȿɱˣܹ˵ʶ𣬱˲ֹһ
ߣҵ֮Ϊֻᷨ𣿡ƽڿвϵΡ
ʱտʼطۼ綼γѹơ
м䣬ʱվۼм䣬һӰΣһ߳ߵ״
ʱĴ𣿡ߺ˫һ㶣Լĺܱߡ
̳һ¼֮ѣôԼ
ܵ׷ɱ޽棬ҵ֮ʱҪɱԼ
ڸߺ᣺磬ôˣҲ̫ˡ
ʱգ㲻Ҫˣ绹Ǳ磬Ƭ֮ڱģʱ䣬ռ䣬飬ڱģ
ҵ֮彥С˵ĴСУԾһ޽ߺ벻ͨǣ޽Ǿ޽ľ޽ࡣ
ֻҵ֮޽Ǵûɵġ
ʦ㻹ǲҪˣ˵ǿ󣬲ܹģУסʬǸվ˳ŵ֮˵
ߺɴ˫ۣɵɵĿϵҰ߸һҵ֮йϵѰ»ˣ
ǲ˵еǷᡣ
СӣûиŵģٸҺ˵˵Ӳ֣һ㣡
ҵ֮Ŀ˸ߺһۣһ˫۾۾֮УԩӿһʹߣϵĹߺꡣ
ߡҵ֮һתʱµľ޽棺⼸ʦļһӵͽܣûͽܣ
ɢڻҵ֮֮УƮһص·֮С
һƬʱ֮еĿռ֮ѸԶȥʱôŬ޷ٻˡ
ʱЦһû൱սǲа޽棬߰ɣ
ǣˣ޽Ȼûһ˿תʱĿռѷ죬ʧڸߺ˵ǰ
ҵ֮һô𣿻ʲôӡ
ո붯֣ǣȻֹͣĿŸߺСӣ鷳ˣͦ˺޵İһһ
ߺһֳҵ֮ӵĳ嶯һߵĵˣôҵ£
ǶԻҵ֮˵鷳ʮֵĸȤڵĸߺɲƽʱĸߺ
ϵĶ֮У֮УͬĺԼطˡ
ҲС󽻸˲طԶڽҪΣգҲôĿ־塣
οԱ߻лҵ֮ǣˣ֮л˭ţ
ԷոǿǴ˼ʱĴڡ
ߺּˣʱһߺĶ䣬ߺһ顣
ԭŮˣôᵽƬ֮У
һߺ˭ˣǴţ֮Ϊ𼶲лķŮˡ
ֻߺ֪ԷҲԼƬ֮УԵ쳣ĳԾ
ҵ֮üͷ΢壺𼶲л꣬ǿ֮У޵ģǰʲô𣿡
ԷֻǲмĿ˻ҵ֮һۣƾ㣬֪ҵͷ㻹ûʸ񣡡
ÿŮˣ㲻ҪˣǰôǿҲѾˣֻһƲлѣɱҡ
ȻŮ˵Ļҵ֮ŭˣˣҵ֮Ҳ֪Ѿ˶ˣܾû˶Լô˵ˡ
һ仰ȴûҵ֮ٳˡ
Ҿ㣬Ҫҳ֣֮ɲܹģҽҪ𡭡ǸŮŭĶŸߺ
޺񣬽ߺ﷢ëԼʲôˣֻ廳˶Ѱ˵ҲҵĴ
ȻߺдʣǱϻǲ˵ġ
֪ôһ˵ĻԷԻᱩŭ
ԭǼ°Сӣ飬ҾĹܲˣѶϼ
ҵ֮һ²ؼ߸߹ӣſԱȥһȥ˲Ϣ
ߺ׳յĶ̲סˣȥõôԶ𣿻УåӸǴѧģ㲻ǵ֮𣿡
Ŷҵֱ۸ոսʱŶǰ˵Ļԡоͦ˧ģѧˡҵ֮ʼ磬ӵѧһʮ㡣
ߺͷĺߣ˵˵ܲܲҪôвУ˵ô̬Һѽ͵ġ
ǸŮ˸ӵķŭˣ㡭㡭Ȼ֮񱣬˵˵ֽʲô˼ôˣȻ塭Ҫɱ㡭
˵ţԷͬһ˹
ڸߺưͳԻп˵ˣⶼʲô°Ǹ֮ӦõĶԻһЩ¶ǵЦ
Էõһ˫ƣ·ɣÿһƣܹռȥȻոǧڸߺȴľ
ԷԼȫƣȻƻСûжǧռ飬ǣǿᡣ
⽫֮ȫһ֮Ǹߺһ£ǸߺţʹԼʥߺڵ壬˲䱻ɷɻҡ
ôʱûŮ˵ʵôô죿ߺ𾪡
ŶԷ֮еƣѾԼ˿µʥ۷壬һǼˡ
ޣǾʥ۷Ĵڰ
˵ϴĲæߺһ߿ٵǸŮ˵ĹһߵĻҵ֮ߡ
Уë£С֮飡ҵ֮һԱ߿֣һ˳ֻռ䣬һöо׽˵
ˣŮˣŮҲŲ㣬ҪΪ㡭ߺŭתͷԷİҲǡõ˸ߺǰ
ҵ֮һ󾫹˵Ƭռ̵ġ
ž
Ƭռ佫ԷסˣǣԷƺ񲻴ڿռһߺǰһƴڸߺϡ
ӡ˸ߺϣҵ֮Ǿ죬㶵ĿǸŮˣ廯壬𡭡


752 ǧ
Сӣ𰡣ô˼ҵģҵ֮ʶǰŮˣڸߺʧȥˡ
ߺͷ­ű֮ǰǸɱ֮ϯܡ
㾹Ȼңߺͷ̧˫֮һâбȥ
ԴӸߺûм˴ƣ£Ľߺǵŭ״̬ˡ
𲻵Ҫ㣬Ҫɱ㣬ȡ޾㣬ãܣ
ǸŮȻûн鵱һ£Ÿߺ˵
ߺĴЦǷӣ·ӡԺһ
أǷЦȻͣסˣߺ߿ʼΡ
ڸߺܣˣǣߺѾŤ˵ȴΧǴӵĲħһ㡣
ȻɱңҾͲٿˣһ٣ٶ㣬ȴܵ˵裬Ҫ㡭
˵ţߺһ۳һ̣͸ռ䣬ٵĳؿλá

ҿÿ죬ߺֻ˺˶Է¶ѣ¶¡
ߺȻûȥ޴⣬һһҪɱԷ
ռ䷨Сôܳɹռ䷨򣿡ҲԾˡ
Ҫ˵ǿռ䷨ΪִڣԭҲԾ𼶵ĳ̶ȣһһ˿ռռ䷨Ҳûʲôϡġ
ǣܹռ䷨ģǾϡˣ漶ڻû˵ռ䷨ġ
漶֮µʥߣǾ͸˵ˣȻǳʥĴڣǿռ䷨Ѷȣɲһǰ㡣
ܹռ䷨ѾԴһСƬռˡ
ռռ䷨ǵʵķԾ
ͺשͷһĲһשͷٶ࣬Ҳ˯һשͷ棬תͷˣΪһ˾Ϳ˯ˡ
зʽΣûһĿռǾԲܳɹġ
ߺԼķȫʩչˣоڿռ֮УԼһռˮһ
Ըߺûʲô˲ʧһǰ˫ٴۣһһڸߺС
ཻѸٵĻռ伸ǿٵߺķ֮У̺ſշ򣬵ɢռ֮еʱ򣬾Ȼбռá
ǸߺΪ͵һνĽռ䣬ֻǽѣ˵жٶȣĿռ
ĿռǸոջҵֻ֮ԷƬˣٿصƬĿռ䷨򣬲Ŀռ䷨
Σߺĺ뵽˿֮УǸߺ漰ĵطˡ
Ȼ壬طǿķʩչģԲܹһֱš
ǣߺȻȫĿռסˣһһֱ״̬ȻĻͻıס
ЩڸߺǰĻѩԼ֮еϸɺâϸһЩ
ֻڸߺսʽЩͬˣսĶǷĻôԽķͲˡ
ԼָȻ÷ĻҲͲˣӢͷף
˵ţҲʼƯΣȻ÷۳ġ
һ仨꿪ʼڿͻأĳ֣裬Ļ䣬Ʈڿ裬תȥ
䵽Щ֮ϵʱЩŵĻ꣬ȻӵʮǿһƬ䵽֮ϵʱ򣬾Ȼֱӽпռĺ˲ըˡ
ռ䷨򣿡ߺû뵽Ҳʹÿռ䷨򣬶ҾȻҲԼ֮Уʮֵ
̶ֳȳ̶ȣߺ޷ȽϵģȻߺķҲʮֵǿ󣬵ȴ޷ͬԷôµĵز
⾫µȻûʲô̫ãҪʮֵϸ壬ЩȻʲôرҲûС
ЩɵķܹΪǿǲ㡣
ͺñ޵Ŀռ֮зŶǺҵķź͹ȣ϶ǹķ÷ŵıȽ϶ࡣ
ǱҲӵǿһսʡ˲ٵ
䡭
˷˷ȥͬӵһߺռĺȻһը֮һ
ߺһһƬȻը֮һ֮ƮƮĳǧĻ꣬ߺһ񺮡
𼶵ľ˺ܴãȻ˼ҵΪԼ࣬˼ҵ̬֪ʶǡ
Ͼ˼ǰ𼶵ĴڣֻٵΪѡȱʱָΪ˼϶ӵ顣
ǸߺȻ׿ԽҲֻʥҪͻƵ𼶣ʱˣÿԵȸ档
⼸ȱһɣ۷壬˵ǿӵпĴڡ
Ǵһ漶ǿһʥһ
ǣ˵һǧһ򣬲漶ʥߵֻһ֮зˣ֮УȴڲƬС˻
ǣͲͬˣǿ֮⴩Ĵڣ֮пǧǧġ

һƬʱ򣬸ߺĺѾը֮һˣǳǧϰٵĻһƬƬ
ߺ֪ȥĻеģȫӿȦȫʼСС
漴ߺ֮еԪʼȫȼԭռķȫʼż˳ȥ˶Էķߺĺ
ȦȫõԼ֮ϣһڰɫĺΣʼϵɢȥ
˷֮л꣬ߺĺסˣߺĺʵ̫ǿˡ
ǻһһʼؽ棬Ȼʼٵĳɳ
Ȼ˹񣬻ѹƵĹ֮Уʼٵ
ϵߺ꺣֮еķ򣬶˳ɳ
ߺĻ꺣֮У֮еϢ͸ߺǧ˿ƵĹϵԶڸߺķɳ˵ŷǳĺô
Ȼߺصľǰ𣬱Ͼǿ󣬲Щʥ߿Աġ
ߺţʹǽʥˣǰĶ֣Էļʵ̫ǿˣͲʥ߿Աġ
θߺһԷӳԼеԪȼգȫͷţڻ꺣֮еķΣط֮еȫߺˡ
һΣߺԼȫþѹһαԼȫʵԵУ˼ˡ
˲ǧߺŭһĺ˳ܲȥʼ۳ɺ
еЩ꣬׷ӡסˣƬռգ׵ķӡ


753 һ
ʲô汳ˮһս鲻Աߣ˿ûʲôģһΪһ˵ģ
˭Ҳ֪᲻ȸߺϾ۷ˣѾںˡ
˵ƬҲԲὫߺĹһ塣
Ĺһȫ壬ߺҲȽϿأܴӸߺ֮ϸӦߺҲ١
ϵΪģ٣˵ûҲΪ
Ѿʥߺ˳ǿˣ˵½ѷˣڻҵʵ֮Уǳ١
ܽСһΪͽҲǸŮ˵һ⣬ϾԺǿߣҪҪھ͡
뵽⣬ҵ֮˫֮Уɱ⡣
ǣ漴뷨ͱѹȥвУǰĹҲ˻ѣҲô
ڻҵ֮ʱȴǿײ
ߺԲǧ֮ڣΪһƬڰɫı͸Űף͸źڣ֮еѹȡ
ѹĵĸоһܹܵ˵ģҲһ¡
оԼ嶼ܶˣܵĿռȻıȫӡˡ
ոһԼ壬ҪŲһ壬֣ԼȻа취ڿռ֮ƶȴں֮ƶ
Ҳ˵һȻܹӿռȴ޷Ӻ
ҪִƱסԼĺǣ֣ǺȻǳԣϵķǳĺá
ԼԼǲϵ޸
һһԵģھȻߺõôãܹĹͬˡ
𻹷֣ԷֻȻʼٵ뵽Լ֮УԼ֮е֮ϢȻѹˡ
Уôȥǵó£ҲܰôһճĻëСϣ˫һȻĻӣ
˵ں֮ٴγһƬƬĻֻ꣬ȴǺܶࡣ
ӣֻƬȴֻһƬӣͬǹһ㣬Χм䣬ٵĻ
ʱĺͬһٵں棬һĺۼеĺʼѺۡ
ỨǴ˵ʹõỨû뵽뱾ܿỨ򣬴Ұ
ԱߵĻҵ֮ոջڿգҪҪɱ𣬵ȻЩɱˡ
ŮˣǸСһţٺٺ٣ԺϷһܺÿ˵⣬ҵ֮뵽̲סЦ
϶ǸߺԺضǳԼ飬ΪҲмֿܡǸ˵ˣ۷ʱҪӵĴڡ
ҪԺܹص֮׷׷ȥ׻Լҵ֮лôһС
Ϊߣǻҵ֮ߣһ㶼ԶΪ
ǲӣҲǲһӣǾͳΪ֮ٵԴͷ
˵ţҵ֮һ𣬱ԭʧٳֵʱ򣬾Ѿ˵м䡣
Ӹߺĺķ򻨰꣬ôͻأ˵м䡣
Ȼ֮бǿϢȴߺһжݻˡ
ҵ֮СӸǵ£˫һУ˵֮ɱݺᡣ
ߺҲһλүոյĻһʮֵͯĵˡ
ˣһ㶼ǳĻ£˵ǳĻ
ǣʱ֮£ôʱ䣬еͷų顭ߺĲ
һֱϣǰ߶Ǻߡ
ǻҵ֮ǳĻ£ߺʲô뷨ʹ𣬸ߺ̫ںȥ졣
ǣǺߵĻߺԸˣֲҾ飬ǧԼϡ
ϧߺϣˣҵ֮Ǳžġ
˶˵Сʤ»飬ɲǰ취ɣվһæ罺Ĺ죡
˵ţҵ֮뵽ʮָ˵飬˵ĹЦ
һЦãߺһȻദʱ䲻еǰλүˡ
ӵͱֵӵһǲ
ң⣬˲ͷŭˣһ𣬽ձһļһô裬ôܹʵȥ
ˣڵȽ׵ǿˣңֻһССʥ۷塣
Ļҵ֮ûʲôɱԣ֮ڶԷΪֻǵһЦ
ƾڵ㣬ʲôܹвҵģ㽫һ죬вıǲ𻹶㲻𣿡
˵ţҵ֮Цţ˵ĵͦѡ
Ǹߺȴǿˣ㻹ǲ㲻ģ˭˭Ƶģ
˼𣿻˵ʲôǲ̫޳ˣҿ˵Ľ
ǰˣǰ˸һ˵ˡ
ˣڣǲܽû飬ǵĻɱ֤ˣһ֮Ǽ֤񣬹ӵ˰ɣ
ҵ֮ĵ˵ߺĺ޲óôôأ鶼ᵽ֮ˣǹͷͷֵģȥ
Ҳóҵ֮һˬ֮ˣ߯ˬˣôǽ£е̫Чˡ
ңλոջҪҪսһ̾ҪչԾҲʱʱ̫ˣ
ûȸߺӦ͸ǽһĿռ䣬ͶŸߺ˼ѹ˹
󣬶Է̽һ죬ӿռѷ֮УһͷҲӦ漶ġ
ߺкȻҪʲôҪ
Ȼߺûв´ոոߺʱ򣬾͸оԾˡ
һ棬ˣȻҲϡƷˡ
ԷϻӳһϾȻһַۺɫ
֪ʱҵ棬ûа취ԿĴڣһġСӵļ֮УӦֽСƵƣ
Լǣָ޷ѣһֵʱգӲˡ
ڵ𣬸ûа취ʱգʱ֮ѡ
Щۺɫ뵽еʱ˶ĬĿʼǴ㻹ڲϵĹߺҪߺɱˡ
Ԫ뷨Ѿҵ֮ӡˡ
գ˱һ֮󣬹Ȼ̲סˣۺɫ뵽˵֮У˷׷ԷȥŹɻӵ
󣬸ߺлһ˿ѵʱεĿЦ꣬һ군ˣ᲻ᱻеĸĸϻأ


754 ʵ
ˮȫȵĽͬˮһϵڸߺŤ֬Ƥܹλ÷Ľա
˿̺Ůһϵߺ
ߺǿ׳壬ǲǲϽķϵĽ۷塣
ҲǸߺѹֵʱ䳤ˣһξȻҹ֮ãҿ˶ʥ۷ΪԲֳ
һԵĻҵ֮ȴ޷ȴˣԴһͱ۾ˣ͵飬м
Ϊ黹ǱȽϴģǸߺ֪뷨᲻᲻˶Էʵȥһأ
⻹أЩҪβںˣԼϾȻƲһԼܺƵġ
֮һΣķۺɫϢҲѾ౻ɢˡ
ߺѹ֪ȥһУԽԼķڳʱѾս׼ˡ
ߺķȥʱһ˹
ӡԪ뷨ûиߺʥ۷еֿ˵Ļֻǲлѣߺûй˵ľͶȡ
ԣԾɱ֮ڵƵƲٿţͬһһ㣬ߺƶȥ
촽ϵŸߺǿ׳ħÿһλãԼеλϵŸߺ
ߺɫǺ죬ԭһҶ
Լǿȣѹ֮еҩԣǣϾһ漶ߺеС֮ڵҩˡ
ټ˫ŮϵԼߺ̾ܲסˡ
ҹŪ֪٣
˲֪˶೤ʱ䣬һֱˣѾ˹˶೤ʱˣҲˮ齻ڶٴˡ
ʱ򣬸ߺˣ׵ıԷߺЩ١
Ҳ˹ߺ֮䷢һУһļӽʱ֮лصš
ʱҵ֮Ѿ˯ˣǷʱձˣ޷
棬ߺѾ˽ѵĵز
ŵϵһ˿ɫӡǣôܻ֪ŮӸԼǵһأ
ҲɶԷԼߺһ֣ҿڵԪ뷨Ѿҵ֮ӡסˡ
ĻڵĸߺԷ˲Źء
˵սҲǺ·Ҷ
ȿսʽ֮ȱ֮ǰҲһ졣
ԼķսĳԼսһǣ£ʲôȣץצ֣͵ҡ
Ķ۸ߺҲԸսˣԲϵĶܡ
ߺΪͱǿ󣬲۶ԷʲôҲȫܽ
ңڸߺıǿϵʺɫѪ
˶ǳ壬ÿһζı¶Լ˽ܵط
ִէ֣ⱻ˰ҺһСƬռ䣬Ȼøߺܵһ˿컵ķΧȻøߺٴι
ǰȻǾԲܵˣԸߺĺܿ侲
ⳡ޵սûкܳʱ䣬ע⵽ԼĲףһתҪԼĴռóһ·
ǣԼȫķӡˣ޷ǿռ䡣
ߺ⣬ҲܹоԷˣϾŮԼˣȻɱԼԼҲɱԷ
ǣոնȡ˶ԷĴ֮ҪɱԷȻЩʡ
ȻӡסˣҲǰǿˣ֮УÿһԼķ
ȻЩսԼĴ֮ûʲôġ
ߺһ·һǸԼģһǸġ
е·׹ȥû뵽һ־ͽ֮ӵһߣǰĶһ£
ߺԼļ򣬶ŮҲѾܵһĵزˣ㣬ûʲôǰεҪҵ˼𣿡
㣬ŭǺˣ۹ͬһĿŸߺ
ߺ޳ܵ˵лл佱ҳһҿõˣ

ǽ˸ߺ·ߺϵôƬʱ򣬵ԶĻҵ֮ûɶӦ
ҿΪë˯ˣߺ̲ס²۵
ҲֹͣԼνսֻɭĿŸߺߺԷ۹⿴ֱë
ʱ򣬾ˣһҹ֮䣬ߴ֮еļ̳ȫˣ֮⣬ժǸеȫˡ
ժǸǷӡҵ֮ͷ­ģҵ֮ͷ­ֱ֮һŭժǸ󸽽е˾Ȼȫˡ
ȻطĴսҲĸоˡ
ǣʵ̫ǿˣЩ˸Ͳҿʱȥ˴ԼһˣǸоǿĴڣҲӦˡ
Կʼнǿ߷˹
ҵ֮һˣŽӽЩӰӣֻһЦ
Сӣ벻֮󣬻ָ֮ҵ֮ջĵŸߺ˵
ߺһ£˵ͷãҪЩ˻ԼӦȫ԰쵽
ߣñֶԸЩСǻʸ񣡲ҪĲǣǡնɱǡ
Լһնɱǣ֮еûлָأôնɱǣߺ˵
Ǿʵȫָ˵ɣ˵ţҵ֮ȽߺһƬʱ棬ֽЩȫ档
оԼ屻һƬʱգЩ˵ޱȵľ֣ȴϣʱ򣬾ڸߺҪָԼʱԱ߽ʱգȴϵĿʼ
󣬿ʼѣ֮УųһĹ⻪
һȦȦķΣͷųͬһĴڣԷ֮еķΣȻȫ֮ͷ˳
ССһŵΣڶԷԴ棬ϵͷԼҫ۹â
ͬٷһޣǧʼÿһطΡ
ǣ漴ЩȻʼĿήĿή֮Уǳĵط·ѸٵıǨʱ·ˡ
⡭ʱ壬оȦΣǣ۷漶ǣΪʲôô죡ߺ˫һУʵ޷Ե
ҵ֮ȴǲһ۷壬ʹǶԷ漶ҲӲ۾籾磬ʲôùأ
ոգһŮ˺϶ΪһˣҲ룬ǸŮ֮һǵˣʵȻͻˣ
˵ţҵ֮һӣһŮ˵ӾʹӸߺǰ¶
ǣ˫ɯߺǸŮ˵ӣ̾


755 ʥ޵
гʻӡһɻ̸ɿݣţƬʱҲѾ쵽һ£·ոǺɻڵλãѾ˺üµʱһ㡣
ߺо죬Ȼ֪ʲô򣬲ΪŭǣԷȻ˫ɯ˹ҽ֮ˡ
Ȼ˫ɯûжٵĽǶԷĻԼһֱУԼһ£ԼδأԼѵˡ
һǣߺò֮ŮӣһĸоҲ֪ǲ飬ǿ˫ɯʧԼǰȴоԼʹˡ
ʹ֣о綼˺ڰɫġ
δоԼģȻʹֵز˫ɯӵ֣ʼͬӰһ㣬ٵĻطڸߺǰ
һξ֮еøߺ޷סоԼĶ
һδεľֱԼɹĲ֮ʱ˵ԼˣûرĹߺ
ʧˣʧˣߺɫҰֽûһ˿Ѫɫ󣬸ߺ˷·ʧ˻һ㣬һֱͣ
ҵ֮ߺ·ʧķһ㣬һֱﲻͣ߶ҲЩͷˡ
Сӣ㵽û꣬ǲҪŮӵȰ㻹òҪ˫֮Уһãɱ𲻻ưոݵģ
ҵ֮˵⣬һңڴﵽ漶ΪƾǹĪסѰ
ߺ˫֮оһʱԵˣֵΣ
ܣǲܵģʱ䵹ǧǰͬ꼻һ֣ʧӰٵĵ֮Уûκ˿԰쵽
ҵ֮ҡͷȻʱģһЩҲܹգǣҪʱ䵹ԶԶﲻġ
ʹǶʱշȻصʱҲֻԽʱ䵹ѡ
ڣҪʱæȻǲܵģϾʱԼǵжԵ״̬
ʯʯһ˵ǰδһʮֺϡ䱦Ȼҵ֮뵽ʲô˵
ʱҲѾԼʵˣĶŻҵ֮һЦˡ
ôӱȫУԱ㻹ɣҵ֮˵
˵ţһӣվͱ˺ѿˣһִֻнʱ˲ˡ
ֻһЦǾȦȫ֮УƬʱȻʼ٣ͬʱٵĻٶȡ
ܣһֱʱ٣壬һƬƬţȻһ߶ȵʱ򣬶׷׿ήһɷɻˡ
Ứʱ绨ȥήԷӰϵĿʼڿռ֮д󣬲ٶȼ졣
ҵ֮ҲûɱԷ˼Ͼô˵ж֮ǰĹôܹأ
֮ǰߺ飬ҲһʱĴ𣬿ңԷԼʦԼҲŹǳƽˡ
ߺҪ֪Ļһʲôƨۣͨһһ㳶ƽˣ㽫˼׻ˣԷȵȣ԰ҪĻҲҸߺϾԷûг֣еһжǸߺԼġ
ߺҲ֪Լıҵ֮ˡ
ڲЩʱ򣬺˫ɯʧԸߺĴܴ󣺡ҵ֮ǰһҵ֮˰֪
ҵ֮ûж˵ʲôǵĿ˸ߺһۣ㽫Щȫɱ˵⣡
ߺеʮֵĲҵ֮ĻҪߺ򲻹˼ҰֻܽĿЩʥߵϡ
ɱɱɱɱҪɱ㣬𡭡ȻЩʥ߿
һһУڰɫٵһʥ߷ȥԷĲȥ
ԷҲ֮ˣϾʥߣôܾôøߺɱأ
ոҪǺ֮ϱ˲ͽԷӡסˣߺһҲԷĲ
ʥȻôģߺһ䣬ȫ˶Է֮У֮еÿһϸˡ
ôʱߺĺΪѾ뻯ĵزˡ
֮еķ򣬶ʮֵȻеķȫĻƻɺ뵽Լ֮С
ߺеľʵβΪԼ˵Եˣк˫ɯ
Ҫ֪ʱ˺һ֣Ҫתʱ䣬Ҳ͸һ֡
ʱǷǳѵģοҪתʱ䣬ʯİҲֻƿһ˵ǰѡ
ǣڵĺ˫ɯѾ뵽Լ֮УߺΣҲһҪ֮ȳ
ڵѾ漶۷ΪˣֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬Ǿˡ
ߺ׿ԽһζͷޣҲûٶȿ죬ԣߺһҪ뾡κΰ취õ֮ĴС
ֻߺŸʱҵرģʯһ¡
ʱ䵹Ҫȵſ԰쵽һҪͨʱ䷨򣬲ȻĻ򲻿ܵġ
ڸߺνʱȣκβ϶˷ѣκʵĶҲԲܹ˷ѡ
Ҳҿûн֮ˣȻĻߺɱ治ôʹ졣
Ͼ뽣֮еˣҲôһϵҰ׽ʥԼжԲôĺġ
ߺɱʮ֮˼ұϴڳˣҪ֪ߴ֮Умʥߴڵġ
ĵʥɽʥժǸѾȫˣʣĻаʥȼˡ
ǿģǵʥʥȻժǸʥʥ˵һĴڣҪȻҲᱻ˼Ĵҵһֱڰж
ʥû׼֣ߺǿʵǸоԼӦûа취ƥС
ʥһλ˵ģһֵˣĹĪ⣬ر飬һƬʱ֮нţ˵ⷽԲﶼˡ
һԾҺãոߺյĸߺ
ܣ˲⡭
ߺһͺȣܵĿռȫ˺һƬռ䶼ӡסˡ
ǺϵԷӿȥκһ㣬ʥ˶סˡ
֮Ǭ죡
Ƭ綼ʼ˸ʥȻըˡ
ǬǴ֮ģʮֵǿ
ԸߺΪѾԿٵתˣ½˵һ죬գԸߺнǬ졣
ʥ壬ⲻϵĥ֮Уޣը
δҵ£ǶΪҵĵʯ˶ȵĿⳡʱ򣬸ߺɭ˹ȥе˰ʥжһ󶶶
ʱеȻ֣ǰˣȻͬħһۣʲôʥУͲһ


756 
磬ǱģߺɫȻ˵˳ŸߺĻ˵Ƭʱ֮ڣȻĿʼȫˡ
һȦȦ֮УȻ̺ź򣬽ȫˣеʥ߶˱
ȻеʥȴǳģϾԷǻ֮Ȼƻ棬ǻҲͬƺ
һ˵ġ
ֻƵĸӵȴǺһģȴˡ
ŸߺһȦһȦĲܶʼɱˡ
㡭׵ۣҵ֮£ȻֻܴϧȻķҲҪգΪҸ޷淨򣬵ǡķһ
ߺɲˣԼһװãҲǻʵģ淨Ȼ˵ûãǶԸ˵Ͳһˡ
ǿǾԵĴƷֻҪܹ۽۷壬⼫ʥ֮Ѫ뷨򣬾Իɹĺôġ
ķѪҺȫˣЩһúñ㣬ʹһ㣡
˵ţߺż㣬¶Ȼһɽߺɽ֮£ԷɿĽӽ
ɶСӣ㽫ҳ׵ĿˣȻҳϲĶ֣Ҫˮ
ߺµĻʥ˶ŭ죬˫ͨ죬֮еʼҪԱ
ҵǰûԱʸ˵ķˣ
˵ţߺӰһѾ˶Էǰָ㶯㵽˶Էüͷ֮ϣһȦȦķ֮ʼڶԷüɢɢȫ
֮򣬰Ӵ֮㽫ߺɫûһ˿·Ҫģɱˣһʮƽ顣

ʥ鶯£֮еķɫѾĻɢˣ˾ͬһһ
ڸߺͨ죬ֻس鶯Ȧ򣬾ͽԷȦ⻷˳
ңѾˣں֮УŲõĹâֻϧѾˣ֮
ѪҺҲҵģߺ˵漴г鶯ʥѪҺҲŽԼĴ֮С
ߺԼĿ⣬ŵ棬ʥϣ䳹ǵ񣬰ʥһ󶶶
۴ү۴үʥүŹңֻҪŹңʲôӽ֮ҵΣԸ㣬ūʥͷ絷
ߺȻһЦҵвֵǮūţҲҪ
붯ɱ˶Էʱҵ֮ͻȻڸߺϷ
СӣЩ˵㽫ԷȫˣЩɶĹһˡ
ߺƳһ棺Щ˵ķѪȫУҽ
ҵ֮һЦҵϣȻƵģ˵ǵķѪҸͲУ͸Σ
Ҿͷˡ˵Щߺ͵վһԲ˵·ʱһжûйϵƵġ
ߺĮı飬ҵ֪֮ߺݸܺѷˡ
һΪԼʲô飬ҪľǻָԼʵ
ǧĽʵѾһǳ͵ĵ͹ˡ
Ҫãʱߵʱȥ׷ɱˣԭǣʵûлָ
׷ɱĹ֮УʲôǿǶԷΣյĵطԼ˵׷ɱˣԼŹء
ԣ֮أҲɱԭ
ڻҵ֮˵Щ߸ͲʲôԷֻͷųһҷ򣬶ԷЩ˾ͳ׵ˡ
ңЩ˵ķ֮ѪҺصĴȫһҵ֮֮ȫӡסˣҽ˸ߺ
ߺûͽ֮˴֮֮УĿŻҵ֮ڸÿʼ˰ɣ
ڸߺĻ˲ףǻҵ֮ʮģҲµ˸ߺҵΪʲôˡ
ãȰķӡ˵֮󣬻ҵ֮Ŀǰ治ڵޡ
еһУҵģʱȶҪԼĺеĽҵǰҪ
ҵ֮ɢһҷǣҷȴķʽɢġ
ҿǳСĻҷ򣬾ߺܡ
ߺܲ죬ôСķôܽƬӡأ
ȻߺС˻ҵ֮ΪһƬˣһзӡǸ߹Ƭ˵౶ȻĻҪڻҵ֮³׵ķӡסǾԲܵġ
ǰƬʱպȻͬһ㣬ʼƬƬ䣬һƬƬԭգ׹ӿ
ͬһĳ죬ͬһŭ
ǣŨԪߺ˫һУ˵
ûмԪŨµ۶ɵġ
ô˵˵ơƵĻôԪǾƾͲһȼϡ
ЧҲԲͬһȼϣһڣΪٶȣЧҪʮֹ
ֻǣԪҲ˭ܹģ漶֮£һڣڵ׺죬֮ء
ǱߵԪŨ̶ȣѾˣޱƣƹ
Ũĳ̶ȣߺȣûб¶Լϡ
ҵ֮ȴǺݺݵ˵ʱǿɺް˵ҵôôϡأԭȫ漶ˣҲΪѹңյ
ߺû˵ǰȥٵ뿪վĵطƬޱ߼ʵ
СӣǱǸŮĥˣȻԼʵֱ㶵ĳȥƬԪ㹻ǧˣҵ֮м˵
һ룺԰Ҫˣָʵ֮˵һˣ񲻾ͳ˶ԷġһĿꡭᣬСӣȥˣ
ҵ֮ڶҪˣⶼʲôʲôԼôôöԷȥأ
ҿأһ˺Ƭռ˲ѿˣҵ֮תȥˣ˲˸ߺǰ
ߺѾƬռ֮УԷֹԼſһ֮ϵһƬơ˲뵽֮С
ƲǵƣԪ۶ɵġ
ߺ˽ȥҵ֮޲ϽƬʱսסǣȴûκεˡ
ȻܹסһƬʱգȴܹʱ䵹ֿʱܹͷųġ
ʹһˣԲܿʱ
ߺǲֵԪ֮֮еʼٵۡ
ڸոգҲ̵ٷ򣬻ʥ֮ѪϸߺָսѾѾٽͻˣҲǼ򵥵ͻơ


757 
ߺҵ֪֮ʹԼ˵ٶҲûʲôˣ̧ͷһϵԪ
ôԪ㹻ָˣСӣ컯ˣҵ֮˫һһתʧڿ֮С
ߺ֮еȴԽԽǿӸߺ֮бܵĿռ̿ʼ
䡭
ߺֻоԼ֮кһԪͬһ㲨ӿߺȻͻˣɹĽ뵽ʥ۷塣
ֻߺݺᣬʹ۷壬ûй漶һ˿һ
Ҫ뵽漶ȷô򵥵ģƾڵʵѾԿ裬ηηβˡ
ڸߺͨһֵԪ֮ԪڸߺҲ֮ǰҩˡ
ߺҲʼжԼյһѰҼ֮Ĵ֮ء
ЩԪߺԼٶʧ֪ˣһĳλա
ܹڻҵôͨԪģǸΨ²ҵĻҵ֮ߺҲ벻ڶˡ
˵˼ҵģȻҪ˼ߺôԷأ
һΪܳߺ󳳴ֵģߺܲˣ˭֪ϲŭ޳Ļҵ֮᲻
ΪȫߺǾҪˣңûǿķܣֻǵԪûʲôõġ
ߺǻҵ֮ԭȵڣȱٵֻԼΪһĹȥ
ߺͬûֻܹһһԼʵ
ֻнԼķһĳ̶ȣܹԼΪȻ̶Ȳ̶ֳȵĻͻΪΪǿΪ½
Ҫ֪ٳ߸¥ӵǧ֮ʼ¡
κ鶼Ҫһģһġ
ߺϵ֮пʼѰң֮ڣҲ֪ΪʲôȻһ漶֮˶û˸ߺһӰû
̵ĵطøߺһ·ĵطҲߺҲʮֵңһ漶˵ʱɱҲ˵
һԼѰңȻ˵㣬ǰȫ
˭Ҳûа취ȷϣ˻һ֮Ĵе֮²ĵġ
ǿһ֮ĴУһͨ磬Ĵ֮еһ
൱˼䣬ɽ磬֮һ
֮һ֮УȴĴ֮⣬ǻлҵҲռ֮һ
⼫͵֮еʮ֮һģ֮ѣѾΪСˡ
һСʵǿʲôز¾κһﶼۺġ
ҵ֮ȴô룬ΪڵܹһٶһôܻƲסЩ⵽ɡ
ңĺܹյģϢ⼫֮еĵ򣬲ȻĻҪһֱǲܵġ
ǿӲԺҲԲܿƼ
˵˵Ҳͬߣʳ֮ζ֮ϧֺαôѰأ
ߺԼ˴Լаµʱ䣬ʱ֮ڣһֱа裬Լ֮еһһصĸķӦ̶ȡ
Ȼ̳˼֮ĴУȻͶǲֵĲʮֵ
ڣѰ˰֮󣬸ߺܵʮϤԼ֮еķͬͬԴġ
ߺȻȥڸߺҪƬʱ򣬸ߺܺȻ޵ĺߺȫС
ȻˣƬʱնǺסˣߺоƬռ֮ڵʱ䣬Ȼڼȵĺ֮£ʼĻ
ߺǿǴ̹ǵĺ䣬ʼһȥֻǺ̫ˣŸߺһĽ룬ǺѸٵռߺ塣
Ӹߺʼ𽥵ģߺļ⣬ߺľߺĹͷڸߺÿһϸ
ڻ꺣֮УߺķԽԽȶˣ·ʱбĿܡ
ߺҲ֪࣬ԽԽڸߺͷϵı֮֮涼׷׿ʼ˺·ϾҪˡ
ڴ֮棬СĺúõģѾ뵽ʥߵĽ׶ΣǣһɹɵĺȻӴ֮˷ͻȻ֣ĴŰ
һƬƬĿռ⣬ԻĿռԽԽСˣʨҵ廹ŮӶòм֮еһʼۼ
ѵ̲סҪˣҲã͵һأߺ޵Ŀܵĺͬӵ֮
Сܵĺȴһ㶣԰ɺǼ֮еϢңǺǿѲѾ
ԣⲻǼ֮еĺȻҲʮֵǿ󣬵Ǿûǿֵزֺǰɪɪ⡭Ѱҵ˵ĴУǴа
ϣҲȥɣ˵Ĵ֮ϵĴУһͷȮ֮ĴС
ڣʨѾĿˣΪڸߺʵѾȫȫԳԽˡ
οڵĸߺҵ˴УԷԽԽǿѾ㹻ʸˣҲȷ˸ߺݣȷǼ֮Ĵߡ
ڵĸߺȴ֮أڣոսʱ򣬻ʮأҲ˵ӽʮ׵ľУߺѾܲסˡ
Ŷ磬ǲűԴĵطҲοܴˡ
ڽ뼫ŵʱ̣ҲҪôˣߺҲֻܹעһˡ
ߺ֮⿪ʼһһ̣ʼϵת֮ϵŤתͷųһĺ
ǣЩͲ̵ʣ۸ߺôŬܵĺ˿ûɶ˼ǲøߺزһ㣬ٵĹߺ
ѲɲãǵҪô죿ߺˡ
Ѿҵ˴֮أȴƫƫȥҺпܻߺ֣ԼǲҲ̫һ㰡
ƬΪѰŴ֮أ˲ϵŬӵʥ򣬽֮󣬾Ͳϵ⵽׷ɱ
ҵ֮Ǹȱݺˣͱһ¨ӣԼǵĶ˼ɡ
һеһУΪѰƴУңԼкܶҪ飬ʮҪ⴫е
ǣȴпˣһеһжԼҵҷˡ
ɶ񰡣Ѳɣʹҵ⴫֮أȴûа취ȥ棬ôԭ֮еĵ򣬾ȻôʹҲûа취ֿ
ߺһƬңоԼĶ춳ˣҲ𽥵ֹͣˡ


758 ܴ
򣬿У⿿ǲеˣ뽫ȫںϣΪĵ򣡡
֮еϢߺ֪ԼοĴˣȻ֮еĺ򲢲򣬶ǵ
Ͻ߸ͲͬһȽϡ
ںϣҲĽװ棬ӵ֮֮ԣȴ֮֮ͬ
ȫūķ򣬺Ŀһ㣬һһߵĽϡ
곹׵ĸе־壬еū۸У˺޿ɹ
Ҳǵǿ֮ǵˣ뷨ɿսǣǽˣǿƶȾͻ󽵵ͣͼ򵥶ˡ
һֱ֮УΪصڣ֮дڵһЩ򣬿ӵпʮʮ
ңʧԼļ䣬Ƿӡ䣬Զʧ䡣
ĸַ֮УΪǿȴǵ򣬲ӵһЩĻԣԸıļ䡣
ҲҪʱ䲻Ạ̊́ܶǣܹ׸ı˵ļ䣬һʮļܡ
ҪôںأڸߺȴȲȥǿҪסԼ
ߺԭҪ˳ȥԼɹ˵֮ٴνһʱҲ㹻ˣңҲӵİȫһЩ
ϧ㲻㣬ߺôҲû뵽Լĺ·Ȼǲ㺮׵ķסˡ
ƾߺӵпƺǣôŬǰ㺮ȴɽߺķûκεá
ߺһ¾Ȼˣǰ㺮ĹɣѾԼķΧ֮ڣԼķ޷ǰĺ
ǰĺԼķ޷ƵģһԷͻᱻѸٵյÿһոߺķǰĺͷ·Ѹٵʵһݡ
⺮Ȼոߺķ֮пʼٵĳɳҲ˵ԼķոձգͳΪ㺮֮еұͷ˳
ߺԼһҲ̫˰ɡ
Ѳɣ֮γɵĵǿҪԿôںˣ
ߺԼַǰĺ֮ϣԼȥо
֮еԪڸߺӴһɲǣԴԴϵıյ֮УҲԽԽ񣬾ȻĽߺ׵ıС
Ǻĺȣ񣬿ʼߺûȥߺ޲ϵĽ뵽֮Уߺܹ
Լ뺮֮к󣬾ͬʯһ㣬һ˿û
ߺҲǶ⺮˼ˣܹյĻǱܹܲأ
գߺûԼķ򣬵ԼݺݵĻں֮ϣǣûκεĲ
ٴαˣǺٴγɳ׵ĽߺΧˡ
ߺûп־壬һ˿ϣʼ˽ˡ
ĿʼˣԵġ
ǣͬҲศɵģûôֳܹأ
һһʹУǱңҸ󸻴󣬻ƶʵһһ֮С
˰ݣһеĿʼ
ߺʼˣûʲô˶ģ˵һε˵дע
֮ڵŸߺĲ򣬿ʼںһһʼɣ㻹ʮֵСǣеǿȴɵġ
ߺĬĬԼ۾е;Ȼʮֵ䣬ڶһ㣬˿һ۾ͻ᲻԰ε뵽С
ĴӺ֮վȻǺߺ޵ģȻʵվ
֮Σ֮򺮹ģ
ϸһͿԿŸߺվܵĺȻȫɺ׷׽뵽ߺ֮С
ǣʮֵϸ£ǿķǳϸȻĻǾ޷ֵġ
ӵ˵򣬸ߺȻôһָоʲôֻҪϲԼķ򣬾ȫܹΪԼá
ҲǵĴڣȻֻܹʱʹãһֱʹá
ͺñȵӻǰľһ㣬ʲôĿֻҪ䵽棬֮лԵӰ
ǣͬʱǵӻող棬Ȼ˵Ӿ磬ݵӾʱ򣬾֮оԲָոչĳ
ߺݵĴӺ֮ĬĬ߳ǰͷһҰ׵ķ
ոͷųȥܵĺͺƳһһ㣬߹ȥߺ˽ȥ
棬һƬ磬濴мĵطǺܴ󣬵ǣ֮󣬸ߺȴ֣Ŀռޱ޼ʵġ
ߺڵĸоǸоľͷ
Ƭ磬˺һƬÿһƬǸԽɵĺȣߵıȻһ
ֻߺոյطʱһӰӾͳڸߺǰڻȪ֮УǸ϶ͷİ°۵ߡ
֮ǰͬڵİ߿˺ܶ࣬ɫҰףһ˿ûС
ãҵﲢͨˣûйҵϣҵꡭڸߺԷ˵Ļʱ
ǸߣӰһŤߺܿԷӰĳһ㺮
ЩɢʱǰߵòҲȫıˣߺϸȥǣֵǣô޷Էò
ǣ͵ߺмƣͷɫһ
òͷɫһĻǸߺɶԷԼһģһɣǲǾǸߺԼ
ǰǸԽ˵ԽС󣬸ߺԷ˵ʲô
ӰһתȻȻʮֵ䣬ĴЦ
ӰȻһ⣬ԷܵӰʱնˡ
ͨӰ񣬸ߺ޾ĺǣһͬСĴָĻȴǺѸڣʧӰ١
ǸӰҲڱǻڻӰ޼ʡ
ǻ⣬Ȼ֮ˣʹ֮ôҲܱһߺ૵˵
ƬӰʧʱ򣬸ߺ˶ԷһЦݣ죬ɷ𡭡
Ц֮һ˿ϸϸ΢΢˸ߺĶ䣺һ֮ģˡʣ¾Ϳˣ
ӰʧһɲǣƬĿռ֮УǺʼٵС
󣬱һͷΩΩФԼдĻָĴϸǱͷ͸ģֻǴУȴһ˿޵ĺɫͬѪһ
ͷٵߺüУϢĴ뵽ߺĻ꺣֮С


759 ۷
ˮ֮Уźܶ꣬ҲкܶϢӴϢͬһ㣬ݺݵĳߺꡣ
ߺæþȫȥԼ꺣֮еϢЩ඼Ǽ֮ķһķ
ԭܱ˵ĴУҪܴܵʹ࣬ΪϾһ꣬ټϣ´֮ˣǷǳǿġ
ǣߺȽϲǣԼûиоʹ࣬ܵʮֵȻ
֮Ŀ̣һĻĻڸߺǰߺоԼȻȫ˽ȥ
ԷĸܣڸߺͬܣʵʱĿУĸоߺоĳ
սӺӿʼһ̤ߣߣߣʥߣ棬ÿһߺͬܣԼһƵġ
ǣ鷢չǧǰǳսȻֹҲûˣӲĨһ㣬ߺһܣ̴˹
ǳ֮еľ֮УߺѾµʱ䣬µʱ䣬ߺоԼ·𾭹һ
Լ֮һ㣬Сʱ򵽳Ϊһ֮ߺ𺳲ѡ
ڷ⣬ҲٵܿģѾԽʥߵĽ׶Ρ
ǣȻ򳬹ˣǣûе̶ֳȣϾҪǿ
ߺҲǲ뽫Լ֮ʥ֮Ѫ뷨ȫգǣߺȴûô
ȣڸߺڷͨ˼֮һֵ˽⣬ѾǳԽʥ˴ﵽ漶ˡ
Щ⣬ߺ֣Լûͽ֮ҪԼΪһĵزſԽ֮ӡ
˵ʥߵͻ漶ģǸ˷ʱ䣬±Ч
ߺ̳˼֮Ĵ֮󣬷Ƭ绹ûлָԭЧڣƬȫǺںɫġ
ĺںУХߺжëҿ֮ɴź
ǺȻûм֮ô䣬ǣȴҲǷǳĺġ
ߺ֪Ϣ뼫ĺûʲôֻȽϺѡ
ǣߺ˫һУһСӰʹӸߺԱ߳֡
СճҪߺʺãǸոճסˣоԼϵϢһģһ
ˣ룬ӦþǵͷȮĴУСʮֵĿ϶ߺ֪СԼˡ
һжҪС컯ˣŵͷȮôġ
ļ֮ĴѾзǳõıʩˣЩĵķʩ뿼ˡ
Ȼߺ֪ľǣͷȮޣ֮ʵҲǰ
Уͷһͷ磬һͷǳ˼硣
ͷȮȮڵ磬ǵ֮еĵһޣڵ֮У֮ĳƺš
ȻСҪ̳дУǸߺͲ׼ˣߺ沼һ㷨ڵͷȮĴ֮УȻȥ硣
ܿ죬ߺ棬֮ϵԪѾһࡣ
Ҳŭ׹ȶ˺ܶ࣬ҵ֮ȷ˲ٵԪ
ߺ˼һȻĻԼ漶أ
Ȼ˵ߺҵ֮ᣬ֮ǰڡ
ڵĸߺѾͻ漶ˣ֮ǰûлᣬǲðյĻߺɴ಻Ҫˡ
Ȼ֪ԼԪ֮󣬵ܹʲôزǣԿ϶ǣԼڵķ򲢲ͨ漶ˡ
ߺӰƬ֮Уⲻ֮ǰֻһСԼ˶С
ˣߺȫÿһë׶ȫ򿪣֮еԪ
֮еԪͬճҺһ㣬˳Ÿߺë׽ߺľ֮С
ǿʼߺĻ꺣֮неľһķλϵƶɣ״һȦΡ
ߺԼ֮иܵǿʹĸо֮Уȴ޾ˬ
䡭
ߺĵȦγɵʱ򣬸ߺܿʼγһ磬ΧŸߺϵתߺ֮еһ㣬ˡ
󣬸ߺһ˳ֻһƬͷ״ĺߺÿһͷ״ĺ
ߺĵѾһĵزˡ
ңߺķ֮УѾ˵ķÿ̤һĽ¶״ĺ
״ʮֵ˫ۺڶģޱȵ䣬ƽֻҪźһۣͻޱ޼ʵţ᳹׵
ǵ۽ߣֻҪߺԸ⣬Լķ뵽֮ϣǵ۽߶᳹׵ԶڰԨ޳֮ա
ߺķҲѾȫתΪˣַ֣ĺ
ȻڸߺûеԼȫǣԾڣߺԿ϶ǣһӣͿԻѴ֮֮ǰԼ
Լ֮ǰ޷֮գڣߺͣһ֣һɳĻҵ֮һսĳ嶯
Ȼߺѹɳ嶯Էģһ֮Լһ漶ڶԷĵ˼սǲҪˡ
ߺȻûдһ̤µ״ĺŸߺڸߺĽ£ͺǺôŸߺһԪ֮гȥ
ߺһܵĵϣʼһ߾ߵĺܣЩܶȫǷǳӲĺɵġ
ߺһһ״ĺʼ뵽УЩܾȻʼӵ˶
Ը
Ȼڵʱ䲻ǺܳҲûжôǿĹȴһ
漶ʱѾԸµˣ漶ǿ漶ķ
ߺʩչһ֮³Ԫ֮УʼԪ

ҵ֮յĺúõģҲָ߳ˣֻҪԪȫˣͿԻָԼȫʵˡ
Ҳʱû뵽ֻҪҵʮֵ
û뵽ǣŪɳ׾ЩԼĵˡҵ֮
ߺͬһ޵׶һ㣬ٵܵԪߺǼ֮һ·һ
ȻҲͲʲôȵߺȽֵľԼ꺣֮еǸˮˡ
棬Ȼһл꣬Ӱ뼫֮һģһ
ߺݺݵĲһ£ѲɣǻⲢûн֮ǣԷûΪʲôҪأ
ҪǣǾȻǲл꣬ꡣ
֪֮УߺΪҲѾ漶۷壬ȦڸߺԺͣǿĺâͷų


760 ص
ߺٳֵʱѾԪȫʧˣСҲڽͷȮĴС
ҵ֮ûΪѸߺֻߺǴ֮е壬һҪ⣬оɢΣյϢ
ȻΪʲôôһ߻ԼָоǣоԼ
ߺҲصĵ˵ͷҲĲԾˡ
½֮УȻǲģҲ㲻õģԴӸߺʥѪ뷨򴢴֮УΪһǧ
ڣѾﵽ۽׵ĳ̶ˣܿҪͻƵʥ߽׶Ρ
֮⣬ߺİлҵ֮ҪˣȻҲʱǰµӣ˶ѾˣνӲӵˡ
ڸߺ󣬻ҵ֮ͬˣϾȻߺڵΪԶ
ǣ̳˼֮еĸߺδһٶ۷Ĵڡ
뵱֮꣬ʵǱϲ٣һĪĵ
ҵ֮ĵֻһ˿Ƥëѣǵļ֮ڵġ
ֻü꣬ߺͿôУﵽһ֮Ǽ֮еء
֪ǣߺȻǼ֮ļںˣһʱٺܶ࣬ߺͿȫܴˡ
ߺҲûдͣϾǸߺеһˡ
˵ԼûиΪʲôԼٷְٵں˼֮ļ䣬ûκεһ

ڻҵ֮У뵽Ǻѣֻ漶Ļûֿⷽ
ǻҵ֮æߺŽ˼֮С
һ뵽ߺ̷ԼĻޱȵȻʣҺܶӣصԼϤļһ㡣
һ棬д󲿷ֶǺڳǿ֮Уߺпǧ
뵱еʱԼֻһ߶ѣڹʱԼѾһˡ
ңüλõĺ֮Уŷ籾ԴԶⷽ磬ߺԿһֵļķ
ߺҪģԼⷽ籾Դ֮ԼܹܼΪԼ
Ȼ󣬰ԼȻһ̲ʳȫɾļ֮
ͨãߺ˴µ˽⣬֪ڼ֮ء
֮½룬ǱɵĽȥʹǲҲѲƤ
ԭȣ⼫ֻ֮أһؾԭв̶ͬȵĺΧĻһЩ漶ȥûʲô⡣
ǣڲݴ˵ֻм֮һ˽ȥĳˡ
ģڼ֮еȥ֮ûһܹġ
ĻԵҲǷǳĴģֻҪȥܹ֮ĳĺΪͻȵ
ȻϢǴļ֮ģΪֹ˼֮ûܹôܹ߳ġ
ǣӼ֮Ĵ棬ߺ֮ͨϢ֪ӡܡ
ڶأǷѼ֮һųư֮صĵط
Ǹطݴ˵һٸĴڣڼ֮ŵʱ򣬱ܴѹǸ֮УȻͨλ֮һյء
֮󣬳ֵĵأ磬ͨ˼֮ͷȮ˫طӡ
ҪС棬ȻʱиΣգʵĳΪ֮еĵڶΣ֮ء
ߺĿ֮꣬ѡˡ
ϾȻǽأǿȴӹɵġ
أÿһȻȪǿֻҪƿеͿԳΪǿ֮һ
ǣأÿһ˿ģϾȥ֮ûлŵĻᣬôҵǸıԴΪǸأ
ߺԺеͷٵת֮еĴ½ǸطǾԲܹȥģȥԵȻ˵Ƕ֮ɳҲ
˵Ĵ½ıԴ֮һڸߺģֻҪ֮ˣѰͬͬԴļĴ½ıԴ֮Ͳڻ¡
ԸߺҲôĵģڶأΪǰ֮أȥˡ
ڼ֮ŵʱȻν룬Ƕûֵˡ
ôʣνһأҲǼ֮˵ģӡܵĵطԭ
Ȼ˵֮Уһ״֮أǣߺѡ棬ߺһɹϣ
ңǼ֮û硣
Ȼ˵ڼ棬֮ǾԵˣлкܶ࣬Ǽ֮ûа취硣
ԭ֮ؾе磬Ķ౻ˡ
֮ԭܸȤڶԷУܹԭĸ
棬ʲô˵ĶһĶ
ңһôǿĵ򣬾ȻûҵԭıԴ֮Ϳ֪ıԴܣ״Ŷôǿ
һԾϢҵǺϣܹȫĵ򵽵׻ôǿ󣡡
ߺǽ¶һ˿аЦǼأܾûо˵ðˣһ첻ǲأ
Ǹߺ̬Ի˵ߺ̬ڸߺΪǿ߾һվ֮߳ġ
ߺÿһ̤ȥ¾ͻһֻãŸߺٵԭķƶ
ڸߺѾĻˣ漶ٶȿ磬ǹٶȣһգ۾ʧӰˣֻ޾ĺϯȥ
ڼԵĵطһرǿߺʹþԼȫ޷ɵľͷ
ڸߺļ֮УǼΪΣյԭ
棬һʵĻɫ鲼֮⣬ⷽԲǧ֮ڣûκĴڣֻһͬʯСı飬ңЩ鶼ǻɫġ
ЩӦǿʯûлɫĺ棬ͱǺ׵Ķˡ
΢΢һǻɫĺߺиܵ޾
ƹ֮һߺֻǸһ£͸оԼľ̿ʼʧӰ١
ָоߺһĺȵʱҵݶ֣治֪浽״ʲô
ߺţԼĵ򣬱鲼ԼȫⷨȻܹɫߺʼڻɫĺ֮д
ಡһ죬һͬһĹڻɫ֮еĸߺ


761 һصΣ
ߺһеʼٵۣһѸٵγɣȻֻаֻƴСǿϢȴʮ־˵ġ
ǣûǸߺԼĵ۶ɵģĺ˲һ硣
ңʥ֮µ꣬˲ڵ
ǿȫ۵ôСһ֪֮ڵĸߺ۷漶ͷųɾͲô򵥵ˡ
ǵߺǰʱ򣬸ߺǿˣǺһú۳ɵļ״
ǼͬͨļһСǣߺţ֧Ƿŵȥܹʮ
ңһһǣκ飬ᱻ⣬ȫʧ׵ĳΪһûκǡ
֧֪ߺһ㶼Ҵ⣬һӣǺֻײȥ
䡭
һǿҵĳӽӴĵط˷ȥ̱ܵɳ˳ȥ
ĶҲ¶Լʵòһֻƴޡ
ߺֻ֣ƴޣôôǿĺġ
ֻޣͬһʻɫֻ۾ţŸߺͬһһ㡣
ֻצϲһǷһ㣬˸ź⣬˲
ֻֻȴǽյģ˫ĶŸߺ
漶ͨոһߺܹоһ֧ӵ漶ˡ
Ҳ˵ֻӵ漶Ҳ۷壬ǣĿ̶ֲȣȴӹɵġ
Ǹߺӵе򣬶֮ǰδģ漶۷壬ҲԲ֧Ķ֡
⺮ֱ̫ǿˣ¾ǺһĺҲ⺮֮ȫıɡ
ǰֻͻأĳԼͣһͬһĳ˲˳ͬһֻһߺȥ
֮ģдĻɫٵĽӽߺߺĹͷѾߺǰˡ
ߣ漶۷Ļҵȷôһвǡߺ΢΢
һضĺڸߺϱȥߺһһ㣬ֻĺȣľս
ǰ̱ðŵ˿˿ɫĺڸߺĺˡ
ʱ򣬸ߺ̷ˣչֳԼ˳ȦڸߺԴ棬һȦȦͷųȥͬٷһ
ͷٴߺٵıߺɫ䣬һѽ֮УľȦκȻҫ
һ㺮ͷ鲼˳ͷʼԷбȥ
Ȼûа취κθߺĺǿ󣬼ֱǳ˸ߺ
ԭߺΪܶԼĵкܴв׼
һǳɹĵסҽǱסˡ
ڶڵԼ֮䣬Լš
һеĻⲿ뷨򣬳׵Ľ֮ϵնϣȻһʹ˥ǣҲԱð취ˡ
˷ܵľǣԼϣûգǿԼ󵽵ġ
Ȼ˺ǳĸߣǣķͬѹơ
ĽϣȻ˵֮ǳǿ󣬵ǣǲϲֹһ˵Ľס
𵥴֮ȻӵǿҲȻܹѹס
Դӽ֮󣬸ߺܵĵЩ֮ǧߺǵһ㡣
һ£Ҳǹ̬ģҪ֪ƽеһˡ
ǰȴͬȻ취ף̶ֱ̬ȣ֪
֮ͷס֮󣬸ߺûеȵס˳һקǱٵߺȥ
ߺԼָ֣ſ׼Լɱı󸣬¶һ˿Ц
ɣǡ
ߺƺȻһȦΣű󸲨ȥʱ˲ص˸ߺߡ
˲ˣʵƤϣһĺâڱ֮ϣƮǹһ⡣
ͬСϪܵĺƮȥƮȥɱߺķδˡ
ߺһѽ֮У¶һ˿̵Ц⡣
֮Ȼǿ󣬲ǿߺ˵
ոǸߺڼ֮ļ֮Ѱҳ
ܹ֮ﵽ̶ֳȣ̱ضٲսڸߺ˵ЩսֱǱ
ǣһɱС
ƣԼĵ˲ȥ֮У֮ȫԳΪǡ
רŶԸģ󱻶Ǳǡ
ߺ˳ֻ󸣬ڸߺҪǰߵʱֻȻѿˡ
һڵƯڿУߺҪȡöڵҲͬһ˲䱬ѿˣߺӦûзӦ
ɡɡ
һϤĸоߺһܰԭһ
ߺЦҿûջأϻعͷƮ𣬿ʵ죬һ֧Ӹߺĺ֡
ڽϣߺȥһ˲γɣ֧
һתȥֻһֱھߺ״վš
ֻոֻϢϵǿ˲٣ߺ˵
ֱ֪Ĺߺһ㶼ˣϾֶԲܶԼв
ǣþߺûв񹻣һ˸ߺYY
漴ϵӺ֮е˷ߺߺ弱ٵȦȫˣԼ֫ϡ
ϵýϵţҲϵԼץȥݺݵһ󣬾ͽ֮󱬡
еıʧʱսҲһƬܵĺ
ɡɡɡ
Ľڶ£еĸߺķҡ
Ȼߺое㲻ãԼȻΪоޱȵıŭЩӰ顣
û뵽Щһ𣬾ȻйãߺڷӦˡ
ЩǵĽУ֮УзǳǿӰ˵
ŭ˥ԼŭһĵزͻԼ޿ɹ˺
ЩСһΪûа취Ը׹ƶһŴߺԼ˳
һȦȦӿ֮γɣǳǧµײһ
ЩĽͺƾ޾Ϳԣ£Ȼ˵񣬵ǹǲǿ
۸ߺһʮ㣬Ѻϣͺѵصľӡ
ܿ죬Щɾˡ
࣬ܲȻܹסҺǵǿɡ


762 Σ
˵ߺԴȥһֻͬһߵı󸣬ƴԼ漶۷壬ߺƽûб߼ʵı󸡭
ǳǧֻı󸣬ߺģֲΧ漶ôѹȥ˵ûֻ޴ıˣǧı󸣬㹻κһ漶
˵ֻͬһߴıˡ
ˣçײΪڴսᣡǾ޴ıٴη󣬷һ
ɡɡ
Щͬһ㣬ߺӿȥǻκһ漶Ҳǧ漶Ϊı»
ߺȴһ⣬ӵпѹĵЩ󸣬ǸߺԼʮֵʵͲʲô
һȦȦķδӸߺĳŸߺߺңɼһ㡣
Щʵɣ˵ţߺǿĺܵ˲䱻ûڸߺĺ
һƬɫҫâǴźĹߺͷҲɫڻ꺣֮еĺãֵĸڸߺüġ
ߺһüλ̳һöۣþȻ֣˵ö۵ͫס
ǸߺһαȫʵҲû뵽Ч
ͷȫɫÿһ͸¶޾ĺâ·ܽ˱ϣ˫֮УͬƬһͫ˵ɫâ
ѰʥߣֻҪߺеİ׹䵽˲ɵܣҲᱻ⣬ǵ¡
ߺмö֮еøǿ£˸ɫ⣬ȸߺ֮ųĶǿ
ڸߺö۱֮ۻѾˣӦñǵ֮۸Ӻʡ
Ϊߺķǵԣ¸ߺۣ֮ҲʼմȾ˵ȫɱһ̬Ǿӵеһԡ
ߺȫɫĹԣǧ
ǾȦοٵڿпʼۣ뿪ߺ壬һȦȦɢȥ󣬱鲼Բǧ
ЩٴλʱⷽԲǧıȫ˱״̬ǿԽƬ춼ҫɫƬȫǾȦλص˸ߺߡ
ЩҲȫ뵽ߺ֮УЩ󸱾δɵ귴ǴĽıߺˡ
ܱɱıȫʼ飬󻯳ıмɢڿ֮У춼ڱһ
һööڵ¶ڿУߺڵҪȻôǿңЩڵ˷Ҳ˷ѣСء
СԴӴ֮Ϊû㹻ȻѾ漶ˣʵϵûе漶
С˵ЩѾҪˣҪڵڵ֮еСҪġ
ֻҪ㹻ͿĽΪ漶ͳ켫֮еһ塣
Ȼߺܹͳǣһȴܹͳġ
ЩޣȻҲڼ֮УҪͳ죬ǲܵġ
޶ԱкܴĽģԲ׵űˣʹˣҲԲԴɫпܻѸٵĹߺ
СӣȻһоͽҵȫˣ֪ҵж֪ܵʲôķ񱨸𣿡
Ǿ޴ı󸲢ûֹߺɱǳǧı󸣬·ЩСһʲô顣
ǣߺɱǵʱڿʼ˵˵ȴҪ
ߺ¶һ˿аЦһЦºЦԽԽãܵĺҲԽԽ䣬̶Ϣ
˵ҪǾҪҶඪ˰ߺ˵ţһȦξȻȫ뵽ö֮С
ڸߺԼĵ֮۽йʱǾ޴ıȻһ˸Ļɫʼӿʧڸߺǰ
ߺӦʱǱѾʧˡ
ߺһߣߵĿ죬ȻĻһҲǶ໨㹦ѣ
˵գߺһŤӰн
ڸߺߺ󲻾ãǾ޴Ӱٴγ֣һµӡ
ҺߵĿ죬һȻӵʥս˵Ҫأ
Ǿ޴ıһµ˵תʧں֮С
ֻһֱ޴ıתҲͦЦġ
ξ޴ı󸣬ǺӦ˵ʮֵǿЦӰһ㶼
ոտ˵ʥ򣬾ԭ֮еĵ֮ԭ֮⣬ԭɳ漶
ԣǸط˵ʥģʱ޿̲档
ֻҪ棬ԼõתΪʥ֮һôҲͻĳΪʥһԱˡ
Χ޵ϣǿΪеһԱֻǲſԿӵ۷壬ңԭ֮޵

ߺٵڿӹٶȿ쵽һ£ΪߺڻûջԼԸߺԴԴðź
Ǹߺĵط׷׵ıϳȥһƬžûڵĿռ䡣
ٹϡģֱӱߺԼԶԶڸߺ󣬶ߺڿпʹһһĺβ͡
һ·ϣߺûʲôΣǺˣ˵ǣһ֣ͷϰֻһĹ
ЩϵϢֻ漶ֻȴȫ漶۷壬մȾһһϢ
ֻЩȽѣߺͲС
ǣϰֻ漶һԼֳ滹𺳵ġ
ֻǰ֫ϣСһ㣬һĵпٵߺܵĿȫ˺ˡ
ߺһܵĿռ䣬ܵĿռʮֵȹ̣ʹڵĸߺԼǿҲȻܽƬռ˺ѡ
ܹѾʮֵǿˡ
Щ̺֮ŵ򣬸ߺţǱеĻȻԼ걻˺ԴǾԵ顣
СҲ⣬ڵҰޣжǿɣߺ¶һ˿аЦ
ܸо޷ǳǿȻһ漶ģǣǱκһֻҲֻܵķݣ̫ܶܡ
ߺһ֣ͽеһֻޱˣǣ
ΣߺĵΣǿ֮ϵģܸоβûнԷ
ֻǽеסˣʹߺҲķһķ
ǷٴλʱѾߺķȫ벢ˡ
ֻм䣬ߺ˵֮мȫˣԸһ¡


763 ֮
ߺ֣Ȼֻڵʮֵķǳ˵ߺǧ֮һ硣
Ͼֻһ޶Ѱûйڳ˵ǻۣȻĻطһǿ٣ߺ뵽
գԼķֻļ䣬ǰֻ빥ȥ
ЩСһЩȻסˣû뵽ԼߵĻ飬һ£ȻתͷԼ
ЩչԼĳĶֻĹ
ߺЩصĹĿУͻȻ٣ʧǰ
Ǹߺ빥ֻһֻ룬Ҫķѽһķܳɹ
ֻһ𹥻ߺҲǸսĻЩܹߺʬ
ֱߺܲϢˣֻͣһߺ˽Ĺ
֮Уڿռر̣ٶҲǷǳġ
ʹܹӦҲӦ
ڣߺпմܣϸĴһ£ȫɫĺɵġ
һƬɫıӰıɽһ޾ıԭУҲûкֲܶҲм꣬Щֲʺǿҵĺ֮ġ
ߺܳôԶҲͿһֲֲﲻߣҲһߣڱɽ֮ĵĵطȣŨһЩ
ߺĿǿֲ
ܹģһʲôƷ
ֲҶǲɫģһҶ֮ײǺһǷڷ䣬ûеʵģ궼ᱻ
ߺоԼһƮȻһĹԣȻĻߺҲˡ
ԭĶǲһССһֲȻôǿ깥
ߺĬĬ뵽ֲҲ֦Ҷïڲ̵Ҷ֮УҰ׵ǣɢ
ӦþֲĶˣߺ뵽ܹоʵǿĵϢ
ʵû˵ڴҩǶڸߺ˵ǾǷ˿ǧ˲ˡ
ľҲˣֻľ֮иúжôǿĵ򰡡
ߺĵûϣǿľ죬ߺҪǰ
ݡ
һľ֮˳ߺæܣʹǱ˼
Ǽ̾ͱˣһɹɵĵд˳ߺĻ꺣ȥ֮еԪס
ɶ񣬸ߺɫһ꣬ŭ
ȦαߺͷųǵǿıסˣߺеõһԼ֪Ĺڵ
Ѳɻˣߺɫû뵽һԼľ΢ܵһ˿ˡ
һƵԼļ򴦣΢΢һ𣬾ͽסԼĺˡ
ֲ̧ϸȥֻոʮƽɴȴһ˫۾ˡ
۾һ˲䣬ߺ֪ˣһߣǺݶĲ񣬸ߺԲǵġ
˿˿˿
߲ϵɺӣëȻߺëը
ȡѩؼʱݣ
һȦȦӸߺбȥûпߣһȦȦɫʹӿռ俪ʼˣҵĶײһ
ڶߺٵĺˣҿٽ뵽ȫʢʱڡ
ܹоǰ߲ǺģҲǣôһֲֻǽȥΪԻõһôûػأ
һԱߣػޣǵְ𲢲ػǵȵʱ򣬽̵֮Լʵ
ߺоһ£֮еϢڲϵеķֹͣһ̣Ҳһ̡
ߣԼߣͬһһ̣ʻҺɫϣǲϸķֲˣټߵΪҲȸߺ٣ǲϸĸǾ޷ֶԷĴڡ
ߺа£˫һУվԭزˣڵȣȴĻᣬ̲סԼ
νĵвҲΪɵߣҲһӱˡ
ߺн뵽ƾߣɶ֪ƾʲô
ϧߺˣǴشȻûʲô飬ǣߺȻߵϰԡ
ǵصǵȣȴ¶ʱȻһҧס˵㣬
һȣߺ߶죬Ĺ򣬸ߺ۵øƵģͬʮϤֳһ㣬ǲͣĵȴ
ȥˣ߶ŵĳڴˣƵĲ֮еһߣ
ʽʱ򣬳ǰһ棬ʼѸٵͣȻ󼱾С
漴һĴƮݣµ߶Լ˵Ķ֮С
ߺ˻Դ˹ǿŲϢסᶨĿߡ
˲һǣ޷סԼ֮еҲǾԲԼıԣߵڻ˵֮С
ߺһǸûᰡۣ֮
Ǹߺһõۣ֮Ȧȫ˽ȥиõĿˡ
Ȼûùۣ֮ǣи֮۲෴ԼǱǸǿһЩ
ôߺҲ֪һûùۣ֮ڶ֮صļ֮Уûе֮ۡ
Ϊ֮ûκε
ߺЩˣҪ˵Ｋ̶ֳ֮ȵߣ޲ţǿ󣬾Ҳ϶̫
ǣƫƫ֮һûʲô츳
֮·Ҳ֪Լܹһļ֮У֪ԼǲȱģҲ˵һöӣǲ֮˵ӡ
⴦ʱ򣬵ʱߺдΪ𺳣ʲôĴڣܹһǿΪԼӣ
֮ˣûܹ߸ߺΪʲôҲûܸ߸ߺǼ֮Ĵʲôˡ
һз·𶼵ȴŸߺȥҿصɴ⿪ɴҲҪʸģߺڻ߱ʸ
ֻŬԼʵԼʸ񡭡
˵ʱʱ죬ڸߺ֮ͫУһʮƽһ
Ǻٶȴǿ쵽ߺ壬ȻǸߺȥģܹܵõ
һţ߷·ܵʲô̼һ㣬յ˫Ŀһ㶣󣬾ͷ·𱻴Ͻһ㣬Ťͬһ塣
ڸߺΪ֮۲˵ʱߵȻʼãðһ˿˿ĺ븯ϢһһڵģʲôεĴ塣


764 ӿ
߻ڲϵŤԼƵ壬ûκѪΪѪѾߺĵ֮۸Ⲣء
յְԵôκεԼأ
գʧӰˣֻ±һƤ
ߺľȦΣߵ꣬Ƥ֮з˳ߺٵȥ
˫ۣһļ䣬жԷӵеĵڵԼҪһЩǲõļ䱣Ժ
ңߺߵļ֮еõǰϢ
֣ǲ֪ģǣ֮ϵĹʵȴǼһѿһһܹ졣
ԣҪȵĳ죬ҲҪȴǧ꣬ǧʱ䣬ߺɸˣȻĻֻҪȴǧꡣ
Ҫ֪ڸߺ䣬Ҳǰٶѣʮ꣬ʮ꣬ʹӺΪˣڵһ֮档
ȻڻûκС类ǣһǾǷˡ
ټϸߺĵ򣬿¾ǻȪߺ޵Ľ
˵ǧȻ漶˵Ƕôʱ䣬ֻȴǷǳˡ
ԭ֮лӣܹڵ֮Ŀռʱ䡣
ߵļУѾһˣһö֮еķֱߴ漶ɳ漶۷塣
־˼ǧ꣬ͻƣԽ漶ڣֱӵ漶۷塣
һνһö̷߽һööǱĸףһΪǿˡ
֮󣬾ͳɹΣ˵Ϊһ֮һˡ
ֲԼĺţҲǸոոߺ˵
ܵޣȻǶ֪ǳĺãǣ־֮ܣû˸ᡣ
û뵽챻ߺˣˣһͦɾߺڵı飬뽫ֲŪߡ
һʼߺʱ򣬾ϰԵĽǼöˣǸۺ찡֪ԼȻΪˣһúԩ
öȻ֪ˣߺǾԲģǣߺҲԲġ
ֻڸߺôŪߣһ¡
ߺĽطסˣ˳ֽöһժ֮С
Ȼ֪ˣ滹ϼһԲʲô֮أǵȵǶ֮ˣԼĻᶼûУͻᱻԷ״ݻ١
ߺûдʹ˷ҲûдھŪߡ
ڸߺԭΪԼ磬ʧˣ֮ŪҲ١
ҪľǿҸطıԺҵɹĳΪ档
öߺûдھ̷ڸߺһ綼ûУ֮Ѿˡ
еĶ֮ߺ֪ôǿ󣬵ǣߺţʮȪ棬Ҳֲȥ
ǿ֮ˣһ֮еķ֮Уж֮˾ͬһԿһ
֮еޣȴռԭһλԿݺύиߺô򵥡
ߺڷٵߺո뿪һӺɳıɽ⣬Բǧȫ˱м
һͻأĳڰУ۾̶ͬһС۾֮â
ͺܴܹѵȥſ죬ֻرķˡ
ͷϸ˵з˭˱ĶӣɶҲǵѲɣǷ転֮ģ֪ĺôУھȥ
˵գһʧڿС
ߺ֪ΪԼ飬ԭһս
ҲǸߺܹǵģڸߺǣôıԴ֮ȫȡ
ԭ֮УһʮУʮ֮Уްѳš
ʣʮ֮УǱ۷漶ţֻнʮıԴ֮ȫջſⷽ硣
⻹ҪģҪǣʮֻռԭһѣһ룬ԭġ
Ǹط˵漶ˣ۷ҲûһԽȥġ
޻ǱȽģߺС֣һĽ漶еıԴ֮ȫջء
Ȼȫڲ̲ʳʮ֮е籾Դ֮ȫջء
һӵһԭ籾Դ֮ĸߺԸмҲ͸Ӽˡ
ΪһʮģԸߺҲʮֵΣյġ
ûе򣬻ǶԵ˽ٵģһֶ
ҺãߺԵ˽⣬һ˵̫ˡ
һգڰ֮һӰʼԶط˻źɫ磬ͷϱһĺɫñӸţ嶼档
Ӱ󣬸ֻëĺӣ漶ƣǺ˵ĺ棬һӰӰĴ絹ǰͬ
ͬǣȴǱɫڸסԼ塣
ֻ˸ߵ򼣬ٵڱɽţͬһİ㣬ȫпˡ
վסǲǳԳʹߣһ˸ߵʵͦųªݺݵ˵
Уһֻɫëվ˳мĿ˶Էһۣƾ㣬ûʸҶԻϢҲܴģ
ôĺﵨǰ㾹˽ҿǻĲͷˣֻ򼣬˵ͳɫĺӿٵ
СһͽˣϵǰǸ֮д˳
ҡڵ壬ǼɲһͣȻ󾪿ֵĿǰǸˡ
Գ棬ǳԳ汾ˣ۲ʶ̩ɽԭ£廮˼ףǸſͣסֵ˵
Գ棬һǿĴڣҪ˵˭ǿ˭Ƕ㲻
ûǳԳ˵Ǹɫ֮Уһ
ԳԳ֣һϵᵽһ£ʹܵ¶½˼֡
ǡϾͽϵԳʮֿĶ߾һȻȻת
΢΢һٳֵʱ򣬾Ѿһǰֻë׵צӺϳȭݺݵһ̧ͷ­˲䱻ˡ
һ˿˿ĵ֮ɢǱԳ
漴ԳһªƿٵĴһֻͷϻ֮˲룬Ͱ֮࣬ȫ


765 ڿӵһʽ
ֻ򼣬ȻǺǿ󣬵Ƕӵе򣬻漶ģҲǺǷŵ棬Ҳһǿˡ
ǣڳԳ£һж߲ȥԳʵֱ̫ǿˣÿһγ֣צ϶һǿĵ
ңǳֻӦûзӦ
ֻӶ˫۳СǵĿųԳ棬ΨߣĿųԳ棬ͲΪһϵеĶκεķӦ
ֻӿԷַӦҲ֮УߣоóԳǴ飬ôԳѾһˡ
˵ΪҲǿЩԳһһ֪ʵڳԳ֮УԳڵļǿ漶ߣߺõˡ
⼸һ֮УˣǸߺһ⼸һ̾ڷ
Ҳǵǿ֮һǸ۵ǸˣȻǸߺ
ߺӶ֮߳ȥ֮һֱڸ֣۵Ǹ򣬶⵽޵׷ɱ
޶ûεģǸߺϺۣҲܿıЩϳ
ЩȺ֮˵Ǽһ棬ӵӲ߶˵
һ죬ߺеⳤԳԳӱԸߺװİ磬ӽԳ棬ڳɹ
Գ֮󣬸ߺڶս֮УԼĵڶԷ֮С
Ȼ󣬽еļ츳ļһȫԼķȻöԷ֮еһԭԴ֮
Գ滹ûӦͱߺˣԼСڶԷС
ôܲأߺ֮֮ƬͳΪԴȪˡ
󣬸ߺóԳɢϢ˵һǿߣոͻƳɹĴ棬ҪΪһ档
ԳѾڶԷ£ҿԳӵ˵ʵҲǿǼ档
ԣγԳҪΪܰ˴ˣǹȥԳ򣬽Σɱҡ
ôΣյܵҲӦˣϾıԷȡһıԴ֮ôȺ˾Σˡ
ݺĵ˭Ƕ۷漶Ĵڣ˼ҵһĿꡣ
Ǳռ籾Դ֮ռ漶ʮ۷漶սҲԲ·磬п֮ܽȫɱ
ԣȫ뽫֮նɱΣգҡ֮ɱ
ǳԳߵһطˣ֮ǰȥ棬׵棬ӥ棬桭ȵȣϳԳ棬߸
ֻ棬棬Ϊǿģ볤Գࡣ
ĶȳԳЩ˵ΪеҪͻȻֵΣնɱ

ڳԳҪǰеʱһɺɫȻڰУϯĺ߿ٵĿһգ۵Ĺ˳Գǰ
ûȳԳ淴Ӧںɫ֮УϵðһƵĴ֡
ǴֹÿһռһХԳߺֻӹȥ
ԳɫһڸߺǰӰһ˫ϵֵȥ
ֻԳɫȴôĺãԷĹ֮УԺⷽʱյĳܹȷ
ƽʱԳҲֿܹȴǲˣ籾Դ֮ѾԼˣûа취ֿסĹ
ڳԳаżʱһ˫ַĺϣһԴԴϵĵͨ˫֣뵽Լ֮УԼбȥ
һĺ˲佫ǳĿռˣǲתĺ磬ֹͣס
һ׵ĺɫ򼣬Ϊתγɵĺɫ硣
ǰ㶼ˣɫª׶΢΢һ忪ʼŤסɫĺ˲ѡ
ʲôʱģϺӣ޴ſ죬ĶųԳ˵
ԳǰһԼΪߺūˣߺˣϲŭֱڱϡ
ǣ˼ȴ˭Ҳ͸Լʵ˶ˣһŭѪǧ
ʱ򣬱˵ԼԳһˣԲǸߺĶ֣ټϸߺʵһǺصġ
ԴӳΪߺūûпߺʹóԼȫ
ţһ޵漶ҲԲǸߺĶ֣߸漶飬Ҳġ
⼸ϼһ˵ˣȫԼĸɽһҪһԳɹ
߸ϼһΪͨ죬ûٴ漶Ҳƽ޹ʶ߸漶治ףΪʲôߺţ
Ѳȥ𣿻ôԴ棬ѵͲ°вˬ²ϵ
ߺһ۳Գ棬û˵ʲô
Щ壬ߺʵÿһ˶ʲô֮˵ʱɱǸ޵ĴڣҪڧ
˭ԼʵȻһΣգҲһǴսܾˡ
ֻҪԼУͿԽ֮һ򾡣һʮСıԴ֮¾㲻Ҳ漶֮гưһ
Щӵ籾Դļ漶֮УҲǵһϯ֮ء
Щ涼ӵ뷨ô׵ķŹأ
ȻˣȻԳɱ˰£ǣ񲢲ƵģǸĺͳԳϵʮֵĺá
ͷȥߺʱ򣬸ߺʮʶĶŰһϹμ棬ǳԳһ壬½桪Գ棡
ԳҲϳûûոյķ֮ģַֻ̫ԵԣòЩԣ벻Ҫ֣
棬뵽ȥҵĿϵ籾Դ֮ڱν
˰֣ƣ²£
󣬴Ӧ˳Գ󣬲˵׼ˣҪȥæ
Գͷһɣ뿪
ص˳ԳڸߴĴ֮Уߺ𵶵棬ԳԱߣš
棬ʮֻ漶۷ĺӣ߰һӸߺ
ߺһӣ֮ǰźȻˣһű˲ˡ
棬漶Գȫ棬ڸߺԴ֮ʱ򣬳ԳѾԳһ壬ȫԸߺΪ
ԳܹƬ𣿡ߺ˵
ԳľһϣȻǲԸȥǲǲܹȥ
ǵ˫ͷһ壬֪𣿡ߺ뵽һνʱ򣬾ͶԼɱһ塣


766 ڿӵڶʽ
˫ͷһֱǸߺеһ̣Ϊһ岻˵ԼĵˣһԼԭˡ֮ķԸ
׷ɱͷȮĺɱԼ֮Ĵߡ
ЩҪģڸߺҪǶԷҪɱԼġ
ȻɱԼˣԼʲôܶԸǵأЩ޵磬ҲҪС
ڣĿǰҶԷ鷳ʱ򣬴˽ЩԼޣԳһ壬СȥС
һǸӵĺ𣿲ΪС󽵷һЩԶܱѵ£һԼһʵҴ˵ʵ
ЩԭޣȻʱ̫ˣԼȥĻߺġ
ԣߺԭ֮ȥ
·һʱǲ۾ľ޴ٴγˣͬʱǿı󸣬ƣȻ֮޼
Ǵ㸴ģڵĳ嵽ߺĸǰҪԸߺй
¿ŭ˸ڸߺЩԳһޣ׷ױԼ֮ǿƣЩŭĿӡ
ɷһߺǰֻ󸣬һɲʮ۷漶ǵĶˡ
ٺ٣үþûСֶˣӰֻ󸼱ǣεЦ
ߺͷߣŵĶʲôְǴүֶӵģһ仰ְ
⽵ֵٶȣ߿廹Ҫϼء
ŶӣǰΪ£ڵĸߺҲһʼĸߺˡ
Щ󸣬ߺһ־ȫٵӵ漶û漶Ĳ
ߺԸյǸķֱ֮ӽС
ЩȴǲУ⼫磬Ͳ磬ҪҲܰ
ڳȥǾ͸ˣǵΪȻǣûӵԭ֮Դ֮ޣͲɳ롣
Ҳ֮ΨһڵһԸ硣
籾Դ֮漶˭ȥԼֻ֮ء
ԣԭ֮еޣ롣
ҲǸߺΪʲôǳȥԵʣǰ⼸ʮֻ˶ı󸣬ߺ¶һ˿ƵЦ⡣
㳤Գӣ㾹ңߺ·˺ܴĿʵԭͳ˺ܴĿ
ͶǼʮλĳ࣬õ浱Υ½һ̱뽫֮ըĶ
ߺԼһߵĳԳ濴ȥӳô𣿡
ԳεĿ˸ߺһۣ漴ſһ߿ȥȻտڲ
ڴߺЩҲΣԳ濴Ƚ˧Ҳ޷˵ѧϰˡ
Ȼ½֮󣬷ָߺߵļʵǿ˵ˣȻåƦӣѧåѧǽһ񣬾˵ǲǶˡ
Ǻ󻰣Գ˸ߺĲ˵
ϣʵĲôҪʵĿõģߵ֮УʵǿҪģ
ųԳôı飬ߺˣҹ滹ǲ˽磬Ȼʺͳһԭȼ֮ǶԵģȻǲʺͳ졣
ԭô࣬ߺȻ˵Ͼ˧ǣҲٷ磬ϱʵ뱾Ͳ̫䣬ŵ棬ŮӵǶ
䵽ԳȴһòôҪʵҪġ
֮еĸߺֱӽǶѱϣһᰡ
һᣬߺһߴУ𣿡
Щˣʲôз𣿶Գˣв𣿿˼ұǼԳЩԳƣͿ֪ˣЩӵе۷漶
˼ҶʮЩսĪǿһʮĴڣټĪĸߺЩȫ
ߺı󸣬߶µڸߺֽ֮²
𣿡۸ߺûһֵͣ˼һߴһ߻ϵѯʣڳ
Щ󸶼ˣ꣬˵ˣôᰡû갡۸ˡ۸Ҳûô۸İɣ̫ˡ
ͬʱҲ˰ٻı󸡣
˵ԼҲˣ˵ʲôֻҪֻͿСӣڿɺãһλıһȫٻˣûдﵽԤĽ˼һᡣ
˾ͺãӽǾҸߺıˣ֪𣿡ߺ֣Ƶ˵ոֲбĲһ㡣
Щ˶кᣬ˵ͷô˼һ˾ͽ֮һ٣ЩޣֵضûС
źЩԳﻢЦţЩĸоԼǭ¿ˡ
ǽշˣϾһսˣӡİ취ƣǾ͸òˣ
ԳһЦЩȥڸߺ־ԿƵطȻǲᣬǿطǻеġ
ֻܹƵȴޣϾһ˿̫˼άᵼ˼άң˵˶
Ⱥͳ׵ıˣһٲ˵ȫı˼ūˡ
ߺҲ޷пˣֻΪҪѧõġ
ڹߺԲǿϣһֻİӽԺй飬ȫǾͺˡ
磬ԭԺԼǿ֮һˣߺǾԲģԣҲ뽻һ˴
һжˣߺЩ˴ȥ֮ԼڱϿʼǻ
ڴǵģһֱԼ֮еļʨ˳ʱʥߵѪСĽ̵ʨѾɹͻƵ漶
ʨͣʥ۷ˣһͻƣʵڽȻֱӵ漶۷塣
ߺԼ棬û뵽ʨô졣
ڼ˽⣬ȻߺҲǷǳǣȴ϶ȥС£ʨͺˡ
һ磬˫ͷߵˡ
Сһٸ漶ǿ˵ϵѰҸıԴϵĵƻ
˵㿴ҲˣΪëҩʯȺöѹһա
ѹҲˣʲôµ˫ͷΧٵСұҲϡ
У漶ΪɳҪѹǣ޲Щʵȫ
ЩһôҲ鼶۷Ĵڣټļʨ涼Ǻǿһ塣
ЩȾ͸˵ˣ򣬱һǿķ
ЩԳԭǣŲɹľ޴ƣ˵֮³ȫֵס
ǸߺĵڶʽԼһʵ


767 ߵ漶
ֵǣ˫ͷһʱЩ漶һ˲ʧˣһͬʧĻյЩ
Ǵһ֮£е˫ͷ޶룬ԼǲǸ˳ˡ
˵򣬻ԭϾǵ
ǣԼⷽԮˣ׷ҲͰˣԼߵ˼һ˼ȫǶƵΪ
ߺ죬Щ޾ضˣʨ꺣֮жһ
ǻûеͷų±˻ٵˡ
ң֮ûκεֻгΪһʱ򣬲ſԽԼ֮Уң飬Դ
ΪʱѾԼ꺣ȫ÷һ飬ԼǸ磬ǸҲǱ
ԣڻҵ֮Уҵ֮޵еģֻҪȥ𣬾ʱ涼Ķ֡
ڱ˵ҪͬһȼģǼѵĳ̶ȣԼһӺӵǹսһǾ˼ʮס
ڳԳʵȻûﵽ֮ǰ۷壬ǣҲֿܹһˡ
ҪǣЩԳһޣбʵǴ
ߺַ˰Ĺõ۳һööı飬Щ塣
һȻûȴƾ飬һԴƬ֮С
ߺһͬȥȻʼ͵ϮЩ漶
ٵʱ򣬸ߺԼϵ£һƬ֮ϣĿңԶĵط
һʱ䣬Գһָоߺ·һ㣬ôԼȻʲô򲻵
ߺʵ֮ǰ˷һӵ˼֮ļ봫Уߺʵһֱڿ
ϣ֮еĵߺΪٶȸӵĿ졣
ԭȣԳ滹ܹĸܵߺڣߺվԼǰȴͬͲڴ˵һ
Գ֪Լ˵񣬾Ǽ漶漶ޡ
Ǽ漶ȫߺԲˣҲ֪ߺģȻҪһˣǼ漶
˲һʱ䣬һԭԼõļ漶Զٵ߸
Уһ쫷磬ӥľ޴˫ϱı֮ϣһ޴Ƴ֡
һߣһıͬһᣬȻѸٵıѡ
ߺ֪ǰ棬Ȼһܹһ޴ı飬Է֮ǿ֪
ߺޱ飬ôվ棬©¶޵ıơ
Щ޿ٵߺǰĳԳվһ𣬷׷ߺȥ
ߴ漶һжʮλǲ٣볤Գһȴ˺ܶࡣ
ǸȳԳˣȿڵ׵棬ͷͨĵСֻëȴɫġ
ߺ̲֮סЦˣ㡭϶ðɫˣأ
Ȼ֮ǰߺҲȥ׵ĵ̣ǣȴֻгԳ˼Լûм
Ĳ֪ԭ׵泤ôиԣߺǸⰡ
ߺ˵ͷǱߺɷ׵棿
׵Ȼĵ˵ͷʮְ˵׵棬ϴ
ߺɫһ࣬ʮĵ˵ͷеǰ𣿡
׵˿ߺΪоߺûгԳ˵ôΣա
ҡԼ壬ҡΣͬصһ㣬ǰϵŤԼβ͡
ߺһĸˣõǰ
׵ĲǺܸߣȻǰߺȻ䱬ЦǱص壬һɫϻ԰ı顣
ô£ôĽԴ󣬺ʲôĪĹ١
ߺЦĶӶˣ㡭ڽңҿһԺҲĵʱ߾ˣ
˵жðôһʺţ֪ߺ⵽ʲô˼Ȼս׵Աô
һⰡҿϡˣ泩ܹ飬֪𣿡ߺϷʵĿ׵档
׵⣬ɵҲ֪ԼԷϮŰˣ˫ͨĿŸߺ
Сӣ˵գ׵Ȼɣٵߺӽһ
ֹѾˣԷԼˣߺôܾô׵ķŹأ
һֱ۲׵ĶԷոһߺȻɣٶ׵Ȼ˿·硣
һһӰӴߺӯӯ䵽ϣǾȦΡ
׵ȻɵܣŹԣ˺Զſ¡
ߺո䵽ϣżһ㣬ٵ滬ȥӰƮ¡
ٵǰߺոճԼ㣬ҪеһƷ
ֿٵķڱϣĿȦһȦȦСߺƶȥ󣬱ߺ׵ͷС
һӹǶʮ漶Ҳٵ˸ߺǰŸߺ˹
ߺиһǾȦξͳ˸ߺ棬ҿʼͷųǿҵĴ۹â
ɫĺâڸߺγһºıǽԳʱҲһ漴һڣԼĹҲٵתеһȥ
ͬʱʮֻ󸣬ʮֻԳޣӱ¿ٵıһĹĶʮֻ޹ȥ
ԭطǸߺЩĵط
׵治ߺ𣬸ߺý⣬ȻĻԼڿӵǰ
ô˰Ҳ׵棬ЩôҿӻǼ͵֡
Ѹߺһְַˡ
Щ漶ܵһ棬ܵ˲ԼҲܵǿĲ
䡭
ʮλһº˳ȥеĶ㿪ԼǳԳĹǣǶʮȴûжȥ
Ҳܵһ˿˺ҲҿӰʮֵȻɵУԲû̫ܵ˺
ʱ׵ıҲˣһɳ죬Ѿ˵ȥ
ٶʮֵĿ죬һëٵ湥ȥ
׵棬˲ɣȻңŭڵ˵
治Ϊ棬Ӱһչ΢΢һ࣬׵ȥ
ֻʱһӰȴ׵棬濴֮嶼𾪵Ĳһ¡
Ǹߺ׵ȻһˣԭǾԲᷢġ


768 
ȻɹĶ׵һǣߺǲЦ
ߺոϸ㣬ξȻȺ£Ϊһλ棬Լˣ׼ĿûķݣΪ˷ֳԳһȻԼˡ
Ҳ·㲻ߣŴˣҶԷ̵ģøߺ
Цһĺ䣬ʹڱԭ֮дţϰ˺ǣдδô
ԷһЦԼĻԼô
ǣߺ³֣ߺľȦμٵȥ
ҲԲǳصģϾ˼ҵʵأǿķߺѹȥ
Ƿ֮к飬氧Թߺ𣬴ʹŸߺꡣ
򣬶ңĵ򣬹ֲǿ֮һأ
ߺ𾪣רĵ治࣬ģ˫꣬ʵǳǿĻǾûа취ùȥˡ
ߺţڵĳԳ棬ûԭ籾Դ֮ĳԳ棬ڶԷ֮֡£߲һУ;ø³
ǣߺɫ䣬ԼĵΣǾֿܹסԷһеġ
ȶԷĸӵ£Լĺڼ֮еĺڷҲǿĹ
˵ߺĵ˫عĵϾǰߺķǿһ㣬Ǳԡ
ԲԹ꣬кܶã˵֮еļϸ˵ٶ½һ¡
öԷֹͣҲõڲ֪֪֮ռ꣬Ȼ
ֻֿúסԷֵͬȼʩչǺѵġ
Ͼ˭ɵӣ˻δּ֪ʷǳ˵ܡ
ǣߺıĴﵽһ۷壬ͬ߼֣⵹ǻпܵġ

ǾȦΣͬһʵĴһ⡰ɫǣȫֵ棬ңǴзĴš
ߺķʹɵʣһԷķ򲻶ϵıߺĺҿʼӡ
ٶȿʵ죬źԷʵٶȴǲݺԵģַ֮ڿжһڣǷȫߺķˡ
ԹΪ˭
ߺں⣬ԳԽĴڣڼ֮УԺ⣬ڸߺ
ԭߺԭں͸һĵز
ߺ־˼֮һ飬·ԼԺ֮ںϣ˵ʹǼ֮վǰںҲȲߺ
˵ڵĸߺԼ֮ԺΪԼԺ˽⣬ٳ߸ͷһ
ԷӳôΪ档
ߺֵǣ֮ķ򣬺ԼķβӦ
ԭܴжԼΪеôǿ󣬶ڻӵ
ǣߺ״νܴǡǡ෴ߺķ򷴵ǰߵĴУ֮ķǽܴеһ
Ȼ˵ָо쵽˼㣬˵ȥ˵˵ıӣʵȷʵˡ
ߺԼʮֵĹ죬ǰڣԼٶӦøһΪⲿֵĺԼٶȲ˺ܶࡣ
ͱȽѰζˣң֮ĻɲϵڸߺĶ߻һ֮ġ
仰ߺʼǸ㲻ʲôһһߺûס

淢֣ԼȻٵıˣƴԼķȻſƿԼϵǲ㺮
ǣʱ򣬸ߺֻǵһЦΪѾɳһĵزĻ꺣֮УĲ෨򺮱ٴοʼͷŹˡ
ԴӸߺΪɳ߼Ĳ֮ͬߣһֱһ͹ȣ˵ͷųԼԡ
Ҳǲ̫ˣԾȻԷһˣԸ޷ӳӦеЧ
ȴǲͬԴӸߺԭ֮е籾Դ֮֮ķȻͻƵһּ¡
ҲǾŲ㷨εļ£ѾҪﵽͻƵļˣȻһ˿һ
Ǿǲҵ޸ȻѾ֧ˣǣЩѾĵڲ£Ȼ¿ʼۼһ
ʱٴ·ӡϣǰͬǣȻ۵ʱԻһʱ䣬ȴûм
һβ࣬ǲˡ
һ㣬ѵʱ΢ЩһЩ֪һܹĶ㿪
Ȼ˵ϻһ˿ߺĵ򣬵뿪Ƭڸߺķ֮ǰǾܹɢġ
ϧ֪ߺΪѾ̶ֳˣҲǿֿµĳ̶ȡ
⻹ֻǰڣܹһΪĻ²ܹһ۷壬ߺҲ֮ˡ
ϧѾӦ˵ûʸǿˣΪΪߺԶūͣԶں֮£ū۵ޡ
Ҳûʸ񷴿ʲôߺȫͺһԶǣˣʹκж޷նϡ
ǣܹһλǣΪ̨Ļô³أ
ϣںдһߺѾ׵ϣһԾϣ½
ȵϵʱ򣬸ߺܵĳ
αװģǴ֮ж׵ĳ뷴һͻеĳʹ룬ص֮дһ㡣
ּµĺĵʹҷңһָоǾǷԽǿңǸߺ֮еķҲԽ
ԼһеĻпԼ궼ᱻȫ⡣
ǣһľ򣬻ߣΪ׵ĳߺﵽֲ𣬲ȻĻǾԲܵġ
ǣܹһֱԼ걻һʹмֵԼʱˣĲࡣ
˫£ڵϣսսĽеײμˣ
ߺĵ˵ͷı׵ˣߺڲú֮󣬾ͽ֮ոˡ
ңߺûżһ֮е籾Դ֮ȡĿǰõʵ
ңʹܹȡҲûʱա
ߺһָʣµļ˵Щһ֮УѡһֻҪƷסͺˣ
óԳ뼸ʮֻ󸣬ʮֻӣȥԸЩˡ
ֱСһǣ׵һһ漶ޣȺŹսֱɵĺܡ


769 ĥʵ
ս򵥵ĶˣߺԼа˰ڵ漶׵һһԸ
׵ߵսһЩǲлʽˡ
ǣߺǷսȴȫĲˣߺôԼȫ֮۳ˣ״ͫף˿֮Ȼһ
ǵͼ漶֮һֺ磬ʹҲӦǸߺɷ
״֮ͫеĺڶ˫޾ԨֻҪһۣԼͻԶĳȥһ
Ҳˣң⻹Ǹߺû൱ľ磬ȻĻߺõ֮ͷųһҲĹܡ
ֻڵĵ֮ۻܾûн׵ֵز
ߺÿһȥ֮Ľ¶һεһ㺮֣й޾ĺ䣬֤֮֮Ψ
ߺ岻ϵתеĺҲϵıȱ仯һ仯һɫɢŴĳ
һ漶Ĵ֮󣬳һתȦ֮ٵĴӳ֮˻ߺһǳУ˷ȥƿһĿβȥ
ߺһץЩоȻȫʼͣڰУһЩоȻȫı˷򣬻ߺǰ漶ǿ߼ȥ
⺮ԭǸߺĵɵģڷɢˣȻû˸ߺǾȦεİޱȵļӲ
пٵǵ߻ʹûа취ܹȥҲԼȫķڵֿ
Ȼ޵ƤҲ쳣ļӲߺĵ˵Ͳʲô
򣬾ͬļ⵶ֻҪǲͬķеֿһᱻ塣
Ϊǲͦںģǣ̫˺ۣѪࡣ
һѪ࣬ͻᵼ´ʱ·ʱ򣬾ΣյʱˣֹУÿһжҪСӦ
οǰԲô򵥵ĴڣӸոܹоշ׵档
漶޽һˣʮ֮Уǰһ̻ǲݵĳС
ҪǣΪ£ֱǲ˼顣
Ʋܷ飬ȴȷȷʵʵķǵУһǲϢĹ
ʵ̫ˣԾҪͶԷķĽӴǵ뷨
룬ɴսͱηηβģߺһλľɱһ㣬ԽսԽ£ⳡսУԼʵܾ¡
ңǿᵽһزʱһͬʱƽ漶֣ʹǿ漶ҲòڸߺԼҷԴ
ߺһ·磬ȻУǾ¸ߺηηβһ£Ҳò˵ʵҲǿ
ͬħһʵľս
ߺһԼԼĵ۳һ˳ǹҽԼǹܾ£ʵߺҲʲôǹ
ֻǰԼ룬漴ĻԼǣȴֳһǹ֣еơ
һǹƵ漶ޣòݱܷâ
˵ߺǹǣߺ̶ֳȵĸ֣ƽѾûʲôˡ
ǷŻһ塣
ϵҲ뷨ڻγµŻᱬΪǿҲֳǿڡ
ߺһǹǷڷˣʹǷ֮УֻҪԷΪûгʥߡ
ǹʹʹǹ˿ˣҲԻʰ·硣
ʲôз豹棬ÿһжǹ۷ÿһжƽǣÿһжеķ򣬷·ڶԷǰҲԷĴڣ紬֮֮
ϧǣû˻ͣЩһޡ
ǺٻʹԼıģǱ壬õˡ
ߺһٴδǸ˳ǹ֮гܹǸ˳ǹѾǵＫˡ
Ȼߺĺ޼᲻ݵģϾԷҲô򵥣ټ϶Է˺ȻĬıһ
ǹͨѾ˵ټԼķ˵ĺϻ֮ڽߺǹƵˡ
˺ǹǴԿͷڣ˵еޡ걪
ȫѾǳǹ̵ͬһˣһСıߺеĲ֣ȫɻˡ
ʹǺİ棬ϾȻˣһİ¶ڿ֮УټǴȦ壬զһΪ²֮ءǰɣҶġ
ߺʮ˰ıһҲȷڸߺгԾ˿ͷ
ʱһһĹȥߺչսѾȥһСʱʱ䡣
һʱ֮УߺȻʼձ۷壬ȴʼûº֣Լȫ߳ɶûõ
ǣһʱȥˣǸи֣ڰСʱʱ򣬾Ѿ񣬽ԼµǸһƷˡ
ԳˣѾõʱ䶼٣Ͼռʵ̫ˡ
׵棬һģһ˳Գİ
ڸߺսû˸ڲ֣Ϊߺսʼ͸ǣҪĥߺʱΪٶе̫ˡ
¸ߺѾ޷Լȫˣڣߺ𲽵ϤԼ̲֮صǿ
һʼߺܹϤĳһСʱ֮Ѿ߳ˡ
һСʱʱ䣬һ˿ҲûУ෴˸ߺʵܺõĥ
٣ǰߺ˲䱬߳ʱ򣬶ٻЩƲסȻǿ󣬵ǣ׼ȷȣͷŵķΧеĽ͡
ȴǷɢģ߻еˣûûв
ЩȫսѹסЩˣߺȴҲżèϷһֲ˴˵һս
ڣߺѾȫհ˳ɵˣʱĸߺѾеˡ
ǰޣѾʼܲסߺˡ
ߺ۾ʼ䣬˿һۣԼҪһһʮֵ䣬һռһ㡣
ѾʼԼĿռˣҿʼ֮ںϽԼĵ֮У㣬Լĵһ
ףµǸһųɣߺ˵
һɣ˫ʹһȶķǸ֮˲䱻˫ᱬĺ͵˸ߺ档
һѾȫߺŰˣͻأֵӰѾȫķӦˡ
ָͷңӥ棬桭ңӥ棬桭ӥ棬ػ桭ոȴĸ˭ôأ


770 ԭ粨
ڰ棬ӥ棬Ѿȫıߺˣֲ˫ˣӽԼⷽ档
ߺȴûżվգİһԼⷽˡ
ԷᷴӦߺϵҲڽڽȻſԽһбĺâȴҲԽԽնͬʱһ˵ϣ˾쳣ܣܵѪ
ֽȻ෴ĹâȻͬʱһ˵С
ԭ㰡棬һΪ˭أڷӦˣǰһﲻǸϵ
˵жΪİ׳Ϊеɱ
ӦûʲôģǣϸһﵹùԼײˣҪΪֻ߷֮һܵ޷˵˸ߺѸ׼õˡ
ԽǽӽߺԽǸоֲոոߺüƲƷ׵ԼģڣԷȴʵʵĿԶԸ漶Ĵˡ
ʵͬΪӵ֮ļ漶̫ܰ쵽
˵漶ǺǰԴݲȵߵǲܹԼ޵֡
۸ߺˣһϵԼս

淴Ӧʱ򣬷׷ʹԼǿı죬Ըߺй
治Ϊ棬һתʧ˵ǰͣڵ´
һԼֱ۴ϸĺӳɾˣ֮еսʽҲʮֵġ
ʹеģڶԷעⲻ£Է֪˶ٴˡ
ңһ󣬶Լ֮еϢʮֵУͻ䲻£֪ˡ
ǣҲǵùˣû뵽εȻߺˡ
ԼͦСߺģҲûйķ
ʵڼߺ֮ÿһ޶ӸߺԭߺƣҲǲĳ̶ȡ
ټӵ籾Դ֮ʹߺʵǲΣ
ԣһеһУǶûнߺϣҲɹԳ档
û뵽ԳķˮˣԼ˵ıһҺ񻹽Լ籾Դ֮ȫ˸ߺ
һתʧڵϣߺ˫һۣüһһһȻĳڸߺö֮С
ߺһЦ滹һкóһӰڸߺҪ֮ȫ
ǣȻߺ뵽һȽϺ飬дһȥǷں֮¡
ͣԼĽ£ߺǽе̿ˣڣҪԵǶǼ漶ޡ
棬棬ӥ档
޿˵һһټϵµǸ󣬲ϵĶԸߺй
ߺǺصǿ󹥻۾գɫûб䣬ôĿŶ
Ҫߺǰʱ򣬸ߺ΢΢һЦ˵ռǱģ
ıԴ֮ѾߺյĲˣԣ֮УߺǾԵˡ
Ȼﲻҵֿ֮ʱյĵزǣҲԿԵһռĵز
һ㺮ڸߺǰǣǲ㺮ĺȣ̫񣬲Ȼɿռ˼
Ƭռ䣬ЩԽɽǿȻһ¾ͽǱĺƿˡ
ƿ֮󣬲ûкߺϣǽƬռ֮Уһͷţ֮УôѶѲԽ𶯣ݽȥԽ
ߺ֮һ˿⣬ֱƣ͹ϵĲ
һץ㽫ԼĿռ䣬ԼĽȥ
͵ǸС͵ĿռҪ˵ϵʱڱͻأƿˣһԴͷԵˡ
ǣƬ޵Ŀռ䣬סˣ漴ͷҲأֻСצҵţʼˡ
ʱ򣬸ߺ¶һ˿˿ЦݣּЦıóѵζ
֨֨֨ŻŻŻŻ
һҵĽϴҲ˲ǿˣһ¾ʹȣǿˡ
ֻ֮е޶ԼһǾջһ顣
ֻľջѪܵģڸոܳĶڵλãһ˸ɫԵı̣Ӷ˳
Ще涼֪һΪʲôеôˣߺΪʲôЦôˡ
еļһֻԼľջһǰ̫࣬бˣʵͱǸߣڿɸˣȻˣĵֶΡ
һΪ˵ʤѾֶ𣿰ٿԼЩ漶ޣоԼһ±˺ڰɫˡ
֮ûκɫʵĴˣ֪ˣǰˣܵúܳס
ԭ漶缸ˣƬҲ˵Ҫ÷磬Ҫ꣬ǣֻ컹ǿġ
ǣһ࣬ͽԼôңҪǣԷûʹԼȫʵ
ոʲôռһʹƬԼ˵Ĺ˼һ㶼û˺
ңҪʱ򣬸ߺֻǻͶ䣬ͽռƵˡ
ԿԷⲻɱԼԼЩ棬ɺ׵棬ͳԳĴڡ
ԶӰ֮Уһһ˵Ϊ
ţԸߺڵֻҪǵ籾Դ֮󣬻ﲻ
ֻҪߺﵽֻҪǻҪƬ֮дǼʹˣҲıǰ޲ߡ
̫ˣӵǿʵ˿ɵеʣֶΣΪĿĲֶεļıС
ˣԸΪϵū֪ͣԼ޷ӹһˣȻôˣʲôҪأ
ٷȥһŭǰˣ֪ᷢʲô飬᲻ᱻԷ׵Ļ
ϰˣѾʼпֲĸоˡ
˵֮󣬾ȫſԼ꣬ߺ΢΢һЦҲ֪ʲôڸߺҪɱǼֱǾͶ֮顣
ϾԷ궼ȫԸߺˣ˵ûһ˿
ߺԼķ֮˵ط֮УڶԷѿˡ
漴ߺתļ濴ȥôôģ
ߺǳ䣬Ȼ˼ĥԼʵǣȻѾ۵ĿʼͶˣߺͲڶˡ
ǵصɱ⣬Ӹߺϱ漸ѹȥ
ǼûгΪߺūһĲǵһˡ
Ͷϴ󣬲ˣԺˣģֻҪԺŰҾˣ
ĻǼ漶ǻһ뵽Ǳµ顪ա
ҲͶġǧҪŰ


771 𾪱ԭ
⼸棬һʱƬΧ򣬿˵ǳưһǣձߺôһˡ
ǵ棬ֻ˾󣬶Ѿ޳ˣʲô°
ԼզأʽĳԼʧǸжðǵҪһֱȥºˣˬ˰ɣö˶˵ıˡ
ңǸ۰Ѿܲˡ
ŤŴѪƨƨһģСţû취۰
ӹ󣬸ߺǰЩޣȫֲԼķ֮ڶԷ֮ѿ
ⳡսʱ䲢Ǻܳ˵ͽһʱĹ򣬸ߺѾ⼸漶ȫշˡ
ڳԳһĴ֮Уߺڸ߸ߵλϡ
ϣ棬˸۷漶ޣվ
ֻ޾Ǹߺոոޣһֻӥ񣬺ף򼣬Ыӣģһˣһֻ
ǺʵȻ˵ǺҲǷǳǿģٱνĵҪǿһЩ
һʼӥѹţϳԳİ˵׵Ҫս߰˰ٻغ϶ֲʤ
ӥԭʵͰƽдʱ򣬶ѷֳʤӥ汻ߺ֮󣬶ԸߺĪҲӡ
ԣߺ֮Ĺ棬Լһʧܣ¾ͲĽˣΪߺūܹ֮ܵߺݡ
£ԼʧܵĽҪֲǼֱĽ
⼸ֶ棬׻кǿˣǵӥ׵Ыӡ
ǽڵ籾Դ֮漴ȥǵͳգסҪǾԵҳϣʵڲеĻūǣ
ߺޱ֮Ҫ£ʮֵ䵭Ų꺮һһ˿鶼ûС
ǣ⼸漶ȴʵʵţԭ֮еޣһЩ֣޷Ρ
⼸̬ߺԶԶһۿȥ;Щۡ
һ֮Ҿʹǵ⣬ͻߺ˵ǣһҪȷһ㣬µģǵķԸ
ӼտʼǵֶøģӽպǵϴСսף׵ӥȷޣǷսһ塣
ʵǷһǷɶ׵ǷӥǷġ
򼣬ЫӣԳǱսһ壬Գһ򼱬Ыӱ
սһ壬ֱӱΪսˣ̽·̽Ϣ͵Ϯȵȡ
ߺ°ŵķǳڽָˣҹ涨ڷһ뱬һƺ⣬ʵţ˭ʵǿǾһ
ߺ֪ǣе޶Ľ˼ֱӽսֶðƵģһɶǰɡ
ССŵǰֺ֪һȥԱ͵ЦôҲСðɡ
ٽиʲôСССӥʲôģܵ𣿵ȻҲвģ˵ܲܽСС壩
һҲ߯˵ɣ֣˴һ
ԸһУߺͿʼбչˣķսһ壬սһ壬սһ壬ʼͳԭ
ԭǵ˶Ǳ⼸ѹţһΪ籾Դ֮ԲǿܹѹԼˡ
ڣǶûˣȻûѹˣҿڵĸߺңԳһոˡ
һҪΪӪһĹռ죬ߺոҲ˵ˣҪǾԵҳϣҪǾԵҳϡ
ԣ޾һĹƣʵڲУñһսĺӣһĿơ
Щ鶼ǸߺܵģֻҪǵòҪĽ⼸֤ͶǷûдıҪˡ
Ȼսսսһ峤ҲǷһҲߺĺսڸߺ˵ĻΨһˡ
ɲڳһǱյĸоޱȡȫʹ¡
ڸߺҲʲôӵˣǾ¸ߺˣ¸ߺǿ󣬾¸ߺ޳ܣ¸ߺĲֶΡ
ֶεǿ߲ǸµģΪ㲻֪ĵߵǰɣǡȿȡ޵ıա
սֻ΢һ޿ˣԣԲΥߺԸǸߺҪһ֣Ҫʮ֡
չ֮壬ģҪӸߺͳһ壬Ȼ󣬻ȡߺĽ
ڸߺĻǴûлɹǶѾǸߺūˣߺûбҪ˵ֻȥƭԼľū͡
ߺ˵ԼʲôֻҪȥʲôҲûзԵʸ
˵ߺ˵ҲģǻܹͻƵȻֻҪͻƵߺеҪһжܹӭж⡣
ǣߺΪʲôأΪߺҪʵʵ
ǲǿϣţһȵĳƺŻᱻߺϵİᣬɱȻһŵޣٻƺš
ǲģһҪһӸߺģܱߺƺţΪƺŵͬʱǵҲʱ

սǶһϵ죬ǣԲϸҪ
˵ˣҪʲôֱ˵սֱӶˣ֪Щ˵ĶʲôֻϣԼûʱ򣬸ߺܹһʹġ
Ǹʲôǰɡ
ãҺͼСһǰȥ̽·桭
ڽзһսԼǺˣҪˣǣһɫȻ䣬־Ĵһ˷ԼûпκˣǷˡ
Ըߺչ֮ԭΧһɲСķ粨򶼱ˡ
˵漶мǿ漶սսû𣿡ڱԭ棬һͷԵһ޴ĺϣɫ˵
棬żֻϻӰӴϻһ𣬴֮еˡ
ģԳһ壬һһλǿ棬ȻϵһԳԳĸݵΪģʼԼĸݵͻ飬Ƿ˼
ֻϻ˵˵֮Դǻһᣬ˫֮͸¶ɻ󣬿е㿨ˡ
ѲɣǼȫ췴ˣܰǼӵ籾Դ֮췴ǲܵģǣҪһͳΧ
ǻͷԵ˳˼ȴûжô⣬ΪڵٻҲԷڲ𼸶˻
ͬÿһ֮УԭһʮҲ˵ʮ
ǣΧ飬˺ܴķ粨һͳΧһ룬ǾҪˡ


772 ȫͻ
ûôɧȫעȴ˹˿̵ΧĿ
ʮÿһ˶Ϊⱬһİ˴ȻΧôǿսǶݡ
Ҫ֪ǵҲֱ漶ޣܹޣһΪһ֮
ԣǵ£ĴڣҽԷ֮УֲԼӡͬߣҲֻܿٶȫпɷѡ
ǲðգͬҲԲκٴγ֣ٴγֿԷԭʮԵ
ǲ֪£һı֣ڽĽӽǡ

һĴ֮ϣߺһ棬죬к漸ޣЩ֮гľӢ
ߺֻЩȴо·һŲľ޴ɶıɽǵǰ·һ޷Խȥ
ϲϣΪﵽ۷漶Ҳֻ벽֮ң棬֮еİ˴ͬĿڡ
󣬺ʮλ漶ޣ׷׵ͺϲϣų棬Ų䣡
ߺֻǵĵ˵ͷǱûʲô仯Ȼı飬ߺѾһһ
棬Ƿսսսһļ죬ڸߺǰսսҴһ¡
ڵȴȴߺѯεսȻۣǳͷǶ˿顣
šߺһ£пȥ˵˵ɣһĹ֮Уǵս
ߺ͸Ĺǣ²𣬺궼һ
ⲻȴЩޣĶᵽɤˣϣΪݵأһԭȵؿʼչ
˵ʵǿıһȻ֮ǰǺȴˡ
Ȼû˱ԭ֮ıԴ֮ȴӵ֮һڸߺū֮УΪʵǿһ
ߺ豬һļʮͷ漶۷ı󸣬һвƵʵ
ߺ˫һսâֱ䵽һϣһһɳȥʯͷĴײ飬ȫʼ⡣
ҿһ֮󣬸ߺͳԼķ֮ȻĻһ֮£һĿܡ
ߺ˵򣬱һûоʹ˳ңûиߺߺɵ˺׵Ľ⿪
ɣסֻҪ̣ߺʮֵƽǣ¼ȫɪɪ
òµˣʲôƲ簡һԲ˲֣һǿԷҲķǳոոոߺǼʹջȥˣڱһһʬˡ
ء
һ죬ɱıһӰˣΡΡߺǰ¹¡
ʵʵĽⲻһı棬µĳʸߺ
ߺҲͷû뵽⼸һ»еɹ
֪ǣ󲿷ֵս鹦սһ壬֪֪˵սõʮǡ
սһս֮У֪˶ôǿá
ȲҪ˵ĹˣƵƵս֮в壬Ϊɸߺսǲˡ
Ψһɲãԣ̵ʮֵ˳
ڣˣȫǵ֮ˣǵģȫ
ȻԴ֮ȫǸͳǸ磬ǣֻҪһǸ磬ͻ᲻ǸĿơ
ߺҪģһ֧ȫԼĲӣԹԼʹһռԭÿһĲӡ
Ӽ֮е֪һμ֮ʱ򣬼ֱ̫ˣ⵽֮˵ϣҹ
֮˹ڵķ򣬲ɱΧ̩Ȼȥˡ
ԿԷǿңڶԷļ֮Уߺ֪һЩͳԭİ취
ǵĽߺֵ˸ٵĽӽ졣
컹Ϊǳͷأŵöﲻǿнܸߺһͷ
ߺ˵Ļǳ׵ķˣԭǽǳͷ
⼸ö֮УŸߺڵ⣬Ȼǵ򣬵ţ˵ͻ漶ɾ֮Ųɹá
ӽտʼҪǱĽⱾԴ֮ȫˣǣ֮УͻƳȻĻֱɱлɣ
ߺͷһζԴô˵˵Ƕ֪ߺˣκһζ档
ȻˣҪ֪ߺҪĿԭһ壬Ҫһ壬ߺôܲأ
ԭ֮еԣɴչߺβ棿
˵֮󣬸ߺһ֣ǰЩһȫ˴֮пʼ㺮ں֮еĸߺ·һƬռһ
һֻεĿҡҡͷֻܼ޿ԼĽĿ⣬ֻ޾Ŀɬ
濴ƹʣߺΪǣΪϽһֱǵ룬ǣµʱ䣬ƽһ㡣
Ҫ֪漶۷Ѿ꣬еѾǧʱˣûͻƵļ
ȻΪϽʮֵˣǡòʱҲ̫һЩɣߺ˵ģ겻ɣֱɱлֻ޾һ¡
˻֣ɢЩĽżֻĿޡ
ЩǼʣǿϽһģͳһôܲĽأ
ϧϺûʹǵĴ㣬ֻʹսĸɲһޡ
Ʒ˼ңϾҪͻϽˣԼﱯȴ漶
ԺսҪŬһЩˣֻҪõϵʶԺǹ
ҾͲ˵ʲôˣȥˣץʱԼʵһս֮УһҪúñ֣

֮˴漶Լһͻ漶һֱϿʼһصĽơ
˸һɽ٣ҲǼΪ޽еģҪ֪ͻơ
ôףϽʵĴڣͬײһ洦ɼˣ
Ҫǣ̵ĽƣҲǷǳǿģһСľͻһɢ³ңƵǳɱӵġ
˵һϽƵһǶĻôıĸǰ˱

ϿսƬ򶼸ǵĽƣֻɫò԰ޱȡ
ֱǲɺģǼ˵С
ÿֻ޵ж޵оû뵽ԼոճΪҪĲҵ
ʱǴ֮УȻռˣʼĽγƾеĶԿ֮ơ
ʱϵĽƵٴʮ
ڣϽ𣿡


773 ׽
ˣǸߺߺոƿռгģϬܱĺһģ򶼸ˡ
һڲϵĿʼӷΧģǸߺ磬ߺĺˡ
ǣֵǣȴ˿ûио⺮ı̶ȣ·ЩֻһЩһ㡣
ƬиоĻ;һˣߺĺûжЩɢȴǶƬɢġ
֮еķ򣬶ʼ˸ߺĺЩ֮Уӵиߺķ򣬶ԭķ򱻸ߺķȥ֮Ϊһ塣
ߺ˫ۣصĺվգǺʼǲֹĻܹһֱһ㡣
ƾߺſ˫ۣӭգ·ӵƵġ
ǣϤߺļȴ֪ߺ˿ûȺãҪ˵Ҫ죬ûһŵġ
Ҫ˵ӵ죬ӵ˭Ļǵڼ޻ûпߺӵĿ
ȻϣŸߺĽӵ˱
һɣͬһӰ˸ߺ֮С
ӰǸߺ飬Ψƣÿһ޵ġ
ڵĸߺ·棬綼ԼУԼϽӵͳÿһ
Ƭ֮УһУߺܵʮֵ·ԼԺ֮һ㡣
һС֮зսмëߺ֪ġ
·綼ڸߺ֮У޷Υߺ־
Ͻ֮ƿأϵˡ
ʵ˵ߺ⼸ǷǳĹģ۴Сÿһ鶼ܹһС͵ȡ
ԭС˵һϵܺˣʮֵǿ
ټǿһϵԱģԸߺֹ٣Ǽ켸ҹܱȫԭģǣѾԭˡ
һ缴УľʢߺһͿԵһط
ûߺѾͻƵϽһˣԴ籾Դ֮֮󣬸ߺʵ˳µĳΪϽһ
Ȼˣͬߺ꺣λãڼ֮ĴУڲȫ˷ӡ
籾Դ֮ڿԱߺˣҪСǸãǽֵĴڣĿռ޵Ĵġ
м汾Դ֮֮ļ䣬ǣһӡҲˮĵطӡˡ
ߺʼûа취֮ƣҲߺȽε飬˵оʹаɣŪЩⲻˣ
ߺоһһҪϢǿԼ𾪵ı
ߺԸĻһֱչ籾Դ֮һֱͻعؿֱϽ۷塣
ҲǼ֮ǿڣҲֻʱѡ
ߺڲô磬ǱҪõģΪڼԴ֮Уǲԭ֮ġ
Ҳ˵ջ
˵ıԴ֮Ǵһǹ̶ǵģԭ籾Դ֮ջˣ˵ͨŬ׬ˡ
ȲżҪԭԼ磬Ȼ󣬸ߺͻὫ֮Լ֮УȥѰһ£½ûˡ
£Ѿ˵ľˣԣߺлǷǳżġ
ڼԴ֮ǴԼ֮еģǾԲʧģȵԼȷٽҲͺˣѶȲǺܴ
ҲҪȵȸߺԭ֮ڽԼеǸ뷨
ϾûͲܳΪϽѡ
ڵĸߺ֮ǰԼսܹ˲ɱʮҵ֮ҲԲû˿ĵֿ֮ˣ֮ڶԷߺоûʲôġ
䡭
һͬһһ㣬ڵĻ·һźһ㣬ٵ׽پȻһͬ£ߵĸߺʼȥ
ռ飬һ׵·֮⣬ϵĺŸߺ塣
ޣˣ׵ˣôǿ֮ежڲ
ʲôҪʲôܹٵ׺ռ׽أոսΪϽǾûġ
ߺȴûκεľɫʮֵƽĿϿգɫƽ֮ӶԼ֣һ㺮̳֣ٵ׽ٵֵں֮⡣
˶Ϊ㺮򲻿ֵܵסϵ׻ģȴ룬㺮ٵ׽֮£Ȼһ˿Ѻ۶ûг֡
ðĺȻƣ˳硣
ҿֻݼţһ׽ͺˮһԴԴϵ׵϶£ԶԶһߵֱǾĶǡ
ǸߺĽƣǿߵһʮʮҪߺ˼
ÿһ൱ڼ漶ȫһʹǧ׵繥֮УҲûдϣ
ߺĺѾһһˣ㺮ǳļӲ䣬ǸߺѹԼķ֮ѹγɵġ
Ǹߺ£һıڸߺƬ֮Уӵŷǳǿĺ
ַɸߺȫӵУԳȡ㺮ںңʼмµѹڶԿ׽١
˵ߺ֮ǰõĺͨĻôڴڸߺͷϵǲ㺮Ǳ裬ѹĴڣʲŻ˵ļӲ
ǣڸߺѾʼ׽ˣȻõ֮еķǣѹĹ̶ڸߺ֮УԼеġ
ӶɽٿʼѾһʱˣһʱ֮УߺϵñԴ֮ȡ֮еķ֮ٵԼ֮ѹ
⼱ٵĹ֮УߺĵٶȿʮֵѸٵġ
˵ߺ֮еķһˮĻôôٵѹߺ֮еͷ·ڼٶȵ¶֮µˮڿٵš
ߺĶͷϣʼðһ麹ںϢ֮Уٵıɺ˵ߺѾʼв㺮ˡ
忪ʼᣬ֮еѾʼ쵽˼ޡ
ԪһĿ鲻˵ߺķʼϵ˸âһ޵ʱôߺķ򽫲ʹκһֱߺķָ֮Ϊֹ
ڷ֮ϵ׽٣ȴʣһС룬ԶԶʧĳ̶ȣ֪ڵĸߺǶôΣա
ⳡ׽һ̵ע⣬Ƿ׷վԼϿգңң
û뵽滹ĳˣУһԷһ֮УҪô˻ᣬһΣյѿУ̵


774 ֮
ߺУȻһ˿õԤУ·Լɽ֮󣬺ԼҪսһ㣬Ԥڤڤ֮еģûʲôɡ
ŪĶеˣЩϼһǣôȥߺ˫һУ뵽
лûĽƣߺпʼٵת׸ô죿
޼ƿʩĸߺȻһҧ֮ضӾðһա
գȻĺˣԼ壬ӲĿס׽١
սɲҺߺ䵽һ£ѾԼĵĲˣԣߺЩֵһЩ׵ˡ
Ǹߺӱܣ׽ٿɽߵϢӵĺǣǶƶĽ׷ġ
ңߺһ뷨ǾǣˮȻǣҪָһԼҪụֿ̈һ׽١
Ƭһ͵ˣƬԭСͬһС͵ϵ
ԣҪܹߣߺڵģݿ࣬ٵƵ֮еܵıԴ֮ȫ
һн뵽ԭӵűԭصĵطرԭ
Ҳе磬ģȻĺȿɷɱȡ
ң֮ļ֮УûгɹҪԭ򣬾ͺ޷ڣǱ籾Դ֮
ǣҪٻЩ޵ʱЩһѾˣϵһģΪС
ټϣҵط̱չأһ¸ո򵽵ĵԼĺں
Ȼһƣով֮ϵ֮Уϵķ£һδսˡ
ߺ¶һ˿˿΢ЦûɵģĴУɡ
ڱ֮УߺʼٵĻָԼǣǼʱֵһҲʱȹߺ
ʹһ©֮㣬Ҳߺıֵסˡ
ڣߺѾܹˣȫƿˡ
ƺǣҲֻǰڶѣڣߺȻбģܵ½籾Դ֮
½ԭ˼ڣֻΪܴԲŻô֪˵˼
ֻûܹȫǵ˵ǣû˵ʵܹõǵϿɣһֱûзӳôǿʵ
ڣߺΪڳɳ֮һǿĴˣȻɸߺʹˡ
ҲǷǳǿģΪ˼֮һдԿٵĻָԼʵڷ򣬶ָܹ
ңԿٵܵ˵ֻҪߺҪͲڿˣֻҪ繻ʱ䣬ٿһ룬ࡣ
֮ǰֿ٣챦ˣʵǲˣԷֻϢϲԸߺս
ҲǸߺոͻ֪һеú󣬸ߺΨпЦ⻹ǡӲӣп˰̫޳ˣ̫ˡ
챦Ǳ˿ٵʵԵܹӳ챦ǿʵ
ٲõıҲͬһսɵãֱһֻдﵽϿɵĵȼſʹãڵĸߺ޲һƽ֮顣
κΣߺ֪ƾԼڵʵ޷֮顣
ڸߺɣ챦۵֮ǸһĴأ
ھİ֮£ߺʵָķǳĿ죬ֻСʱͻָ߳ɵʵҲѾˡ
Ҫ֪ƾߺڵʵҪָȫʵҪʱ䣬һ졣
̧ͷĽƣߺ֪Լٵȥˣ΢΢һУǲҪӵӾһǽй
գߺӱ֮վһµıʼѸٵţߺɫЦЦǾͣȴһ翪ʼɣ
漴ԸǼϿɣ汾еһǵһΣ̣
һȻ֪ߺΪʲôô˵ǣߺĻ˵ʥּǾûа취Υˡ
ԣ׷̨սվڸߺǰ棬ҪΪߺ꣬òڱٵķɣ˵һ߿ˡ
ڣԲʮɣټ⼸ѾΪ̣ԱˣԣŸһվ棬Բʮֵӵ
ٶȷǳĿ죬һܵأڵȽףڸߺǿȷˣǵͼʥ
ţǱǱǸĴ򣬿¶ǵͼʥĵȼ
ʥ֮ϵĶֲãʹߺûȫӳҲܹѹƲء
ֱͲһȼϣ˵֮еİ˲ҲʥʲôȼľͲ֪ˡ
ߺԺ֮еİ˲㣬ֻķȼѣ㲻ϣű޷Ƚϡ
ֲñûа취봢֮أԭм
飬οʥʱˣƾۣǰɣʥ֮Ҳɫܹȡȥġ
ⲻ൱ڰһζļȣֱӷéްһñʥԺôڽϻ죿ôͬǰ԰أ
ԺôأǸԼһ𣬽֪֮󣬻ֱЦ˴
Ȼûдһ˵ǣԺԼԶΪЦǾԵˡ
ߺȻ֪ʱô࣬ߺʱ뷨ܼ򵥣ҪԸȥֱӴڱٵͷϰɡ
һֱӱͷô꣬һֱδܵãҲ׽ٵʱ뽫ԼŪֿһ£ǵֿʱ
֮⣬òƸߺսõĻٵÿһֶ
գóˣƱɳֹ⻪һҪһ¡
ڸߺ֮£һ쭣ǵߺԭȻɱһ֮Ǹ
ʱߵʱȻʵǣɸоˣǿ޵Թ뱩塣
ȻôҪɱԼԼΣȥһ֤ԼĵܵϮܹ״ѹԷһΣ˵ܹһأ
ߺ뵽վڱ֮ϣٵڿռдıԼ
ٶǱȸߺԼп˼ֱ֣Ըʡ˼һ
ƺںĺ׷ŸߺǰǷܣȻ֪ߺڴʲô⣬ǣǧҪøߺС˾ˡ
Сˣ˵ҪŵԷһչأͷùͷϣ˾ЩŻ


775 ˮ
ưÿγֵʱ˼ҶǹԹԵűξ𣬻Ǳɢ壬ޣǶɽٳɹ
ǣܵ˵ǹԹԵŰͷһοåо򲻹
ܻһǺķʱ˵ֿֿȥˣúԼں͸ţɶ°ҪģòԼ׷ϡ
ڱˣŭˣǸܵǿĴڣ֮Ǳøǿˡ
ɽֶ֮УΪСˣûôǰճķݶɽ١
ǣʵߵǾͲͬˣٻֱ϶ʵߵǸǿߣȻγɵ׽Ⱥ֮Уǿơ
Ҫټ֮ǰƵһʹʵǿߣҲֱвΣա
ԣһ߶ɽ٣ǾԲǿ߰ɽٵģһǶɽٵĻֱǰɽٵģҲ˶
֮еĴɣǣȴ쳣֣Ϊʮȫۼˡ
ԭֻΪǸƵ˵ģԣǽմԼ֮ˣֱط
㣬ȵƬһʧͿٵĽӽǸطŶԷոնɽٻһټԷ
ǿζɽٵģӦһֻޣûлʲôࡣ
ߺ֮󣬼Ϊ͵ļֻޣδڹڸߺ£ĶӰɣΪ̫ˡ
ΪԼ֮Уû˸ҶԼĶӣԣʳˡӵرϵˡ
ԳȻ޲˸ߺūͣԵΪֹߺıܹͦġ
ȻޣǾڵһڵ̵ޣߡο˵еޣһǱ
ǵʵŷǳҪã˵ᵽһ̵壬˵Լʵŷǳá
ʹûʲôãԼҲǿͳһλǿ̡
ĿģҲǸԼȣһǱĬڵĵ˰ɣϾƬ֮ǰ̫ˡ
Щһ뵽һˣͻ̣ȻˣһƬƬոأʱľѳۣҲû취ˡ
ǲҲµĲ¶ˣǣǲµ⿪ͷȴûвµǱĽβҲûԭô޳ܡ
ӴĽƣڲ󣬲ҷٵ߷ЩɫȫŰˡ
ߺ񲻴ϲٶǷǳģƺüɣҲȿǡ
Щһյͦ밡ǰһߺڲ죬һߺֱӸ˵㵸ˡ
ҪʲôʲôҪ磬ֱ̨磬Ҫˮֱ갡ЩҲ̫ˣô֪Լ뽫Ƽ޻ͷأ
Щһ˲ţ޲Ųǣû뵽Լ룬ԭʮԼҪݺݵĿһѣõܣ̫ˡ
û뵽ЩֱӣԼȰѿںˣһȥˣ͵Լء
Ҿ񣡡ߺ޵ǰ˵ôһ䣬漴ЦʮһôǺܸ˵أ
Ƿϻǵ˱˻ԵСоЩ֪ߺʲôһƿڴġ
òƣǲ֪ߺʲôѾʼˡ
ҲݣҲ̫˰ɣ˭ĸ˵طģ겻ǿ𣿾Ȼùָ֪⵹ùʲôȱ𣿵ùѼȥڹӣģûƨۡ
ԽԽĻһУͬ˳һ㣬ǿˮһ㣬һرåˣо⻰Щˡ
һļһ˿ƿڴܵ˶ȵĿܵĪĴ̼
ôôˬأ⻰Ҳ̫˰ɣǶΣҵǻܹ⣬ǣǰһ䣬ǲⰡ
԰ҪҪطָأ
ǱˣһԼôˣܾ£һ˶ίܵļҾǻɣ
ͷûǱߵǻͿˣõõã㲻Ҫǰɣ㲻ҪǻҪأ
Щһ羪֮һ㣬ɢӣǣߺôܷŹأ
ŶԼòһһӣһԼԹԵˣͲˣȻ˵ˡ
ǲɣǱԴ֮˭Ҫȥǰɣ飬ǵ⡣
ϷҪȫףҪְ𣬲ҪúãһҪôʵ֤ûһܴǿ߳ġ
Щ˵ΪȻǿģǣòƾ˸ոյͣǸǸľһʱ䣬ӣȻЩˡ
ͬ⣬ߺ׼ӵҲͬⰡ
鱡е̫ˣǸʲôļǿѧõ׼һ̴Źʵģ
ڱ֮ϣٵΧŶԷЩ˷һλͣһ¡
ЩȱɵɵĿŸߺҪʲôء
ǻعʱڷˣߺÿͣһ£һޱǣңӻǸոͻƵġ
Щһһɽٵ𣿿ǵİСӣ˷ޣʲô˼أ
Щˣ˸ոյ𺳣ȻЩɵˣߺԼվǵĽ£ʮ˵ĵʱЩһ֪ߺҪʲôˡ
̫ˣ̫ˣ̫Ѫˣ̫̫޳ˣǶɽپͶǵĽ£ǲȥǵ鷳ɰ
ںˣԼ˵Щˣп⡣
ЩȻʵϲñȸߺǿ٣һȴǿԿ϶ģǾǣЩ̵Ϊȴʵʵıȸߺǿܶࡣ
ϾЩһЩƵˣϱͲǸߺָոΪ̵˿Աġ
Щϼһٶ˼ϼһߵģͣǧ꣬꣬ʮĶС
ǵʵѾ۷ˡ
ϣǸСӰƴʲôˣأ̫˰۸Ҳûô۸İɡ
˵Ϊʲôأܵıӻ죬ԭǰȱ˰ãЩ˵һһƴү컹Ĳˡ
ǲҪæýҾ͸һһƣңüӳɵġ
ȻⲢƵǸߺġ
ΪĽԽԽǿˣԽԽˣԶԶȥһͷһһֱīõĸо
ǧ겻ɫīڵ÷ϣҪǣڽʮȫˣ⼫Ҫߣˡ


776 ߵ
ߺЩϽ֮£ϵЦ꣬ңҾȰһҶ˰ɡ
Ȼߺ֮£Ҫ׽ٵϴ񣬵ǣȣɵɵӲ׽٣ȻЩһԼȥĽõĶࡣ
ЩһȻѾ֮еߺͽԼȫۼԼ
ñ֮ȫǣ֮еܹͣЪģԼ֮롣
ߺҪǺǰͼʥΨſܴ׽֮л
ڱ֮УߺˣӨָϵĽӡ֮еԪ뷨򣬰ӡһķʽת
ϵкӸߺУֵķʽ뵽֮С
ⷽʽҲֵֻܹӳ
Ǳ֮ϵÿһƬ꣬ʼڿһƬƬĻ꣬裬ÿһƬ꣬ӵſԱһ
ڵĺ꣬ʼŸߺµ̨裬еķ߷ȥһƬƬĿռλ
ߺɫʣɵսɲԪԼеת뵽֮С
Щ꣬ڵõôǿܹȫԼʵȻķˡ
׻˵飬ʥ֮ϣȻҲ͸ӵˡ
ʥѾ飬ѾӵԼĶ˸ˣԣߺʵʱŻܾߺʹá
ڸߺ㹻ʸʹʥȻܹʹˡ
Ȼߺ֮бڸߺԼǣȴŸߺϢҪڸߺǰһԼǿ
һߺӦûעԼԼҲɳˡ
ǣߺ뷨ʥȻʮֵǿ󣬶ԼҲȫĽ֮ˣǣڣʼնһ
Ȳ˵֮ǰԼûгΪ̵ʱÿһΣգһﶼǲϰæԼڲˡ
飬Ҫãһľ볼һ㣬ֻܹͬʣȴԸࡣ
ļһһʲôΣգ˵᲻˾ֱӵ꽫ɱҲ˵
Ȼûǣõʱ򣬺ȻһʹãǸߺͿܳ׵ıˡ
ڲڶʱȻԵȰں⣬ǣвǰҲ˲ˡ
Ҳֻܹϵֿ׽ٵȻ⼸һȻʥ⡣
һƬƬ꣬һɹɿԱϢͨռ䣬ÿһƬֻ꣬Ҫ׽ٻɢγɵĺͽȫıϡ
ЩҲԲʲôƲ磬ÿһƬ֮еķ֮Լ׽ȫĻɢ
Ե׽Բô򵥣̽ʱŻ׽ٵġ
ٴ׽٣ѾǵʵʱˣҲĴڡ
Ǵβ֮𼶵׽٣ȫԽһƬСȫĻ𣬶ҲǷǳĵ͵ģ㡣
ҪȻ֮Уˣ
ӸߺʼѾˣ˵ʹǰ⼸һҲ׼ˡ
ǣߺʦһѾ˵𡪡˫ħһλǿڵĸߺ֪ԼʦѾǿʲô̶ˡ
Ǹߺλʦ֣𣬶ҿӻͨ
ŷ׵ĴȻ֮ǿģӵʱռİ壬ڸߺ֪Էӵʲô
ǣĸһԻأȻģһԼ˹ϵġ
ǸߺĴˣ֮ǿʹߺΪȼҲǸߺĳУô׾ܹġ
οߺҲһܹΪ𣬼ʹܹΪҲһܹ˳Ķ׽١
Ҫ֪ʷǿ׽٣Ҳǳһ׽٣𼶵׽١
ʹܹΪ𣬶ȹ׽ٵĻҲҪϢʱˡ
ҵľǣѾͻƳΪȼˣȴΪ׽٣伸磬ϵΪ
ϰ֮˵µĲµΪƵ
һΪƵûֺ绽ֻ꣬ǿˣˣϰ֮ˣһǲʬɽѪ߹ġ
˵ǳһҪ֮ء
Ҫ˵ˣǸߺҲ֮ĳУڰŸߺ˵ʲôʱ򣬾ͳݺݵĸߺһ
½ݵħв
ߺȴѾˣ˵ĳȴŻᣬԷչʱԼݺݵһ
ߺԼָо˵ĸоߺһ㶼ָоġ
ΪߵﵽһΪжԼĽһδָ֪оָоһǲġ
˵ԷȻûиߺǿ󣬲Էӵ漶ܹõʹ漶ܹӵһѾܲˡ
ʥһܹӵУҪ֪ʥĲϱʮֵ󣬶ңԶʱڣһ֮սʥĶ췽Ѿʧˡ
˵ڵʥûĸļһöһöˣٵһһˡ
ʱȥһһҹߺȵ׽һˣʣµЩ֮УȫǻͷģڣԪˡ
֮⣬Щ֮⣬ȫʵʮһ˵ֻһֻֻֽϻˣϻڶֽˡ
ΪԼĵ棬ֿ׽һʼ´࣬ǣΪΪѾһʱˣңһ챦ʵЩʵǿ֮һ
ʹʵҲֻķһѣԿ籾Դ֮жǿ
ε׽ٹ編֮Ѿʮֵϡˣ˵ķ֮ѾһֵزˣΧ漶ķ֮Ȳˡ
ߺܵսɲҲѾ;ƿˣͺķѵеˡ
ǣߺԲûкķѵͨϵĻʵѾӽųˡ
ڣȺҪߺɱ̣ѾʼˣΣǿıԼе̰ӵĹǺ
ߺɫЦţ岻Ͽշš
УһݣŰߵһʼˣתһƬռ䣬Ҫߡ
ߺЦһٵɣߺݺݵĻ˳ȥⷨʧڸߺǰǸ˵ǰռ䣬Ȼһƥеĵ
ⷨǴԽ˿ռ䣬ֱ˶Էǰ
ǸûзӦԼͱȫıˡ


777 ۷
ûлָߺѸٵĽ֮ˣԷ֮ڵ籾Դ֮ҲȫߺȡҴ
սĽҪʱ̣Ըߺûż籾Դ֮Ǵ㽫⼸һȫ籾Դ֮ȫȡˣ
ߺӰӰӣٵڿдÿһεͣ٣һ̴ӿеսɲæˡ
ˣǿٵͷһΰڵϼ档
ңһԻʮ⣬Ǽýһ۷壬һ̱
ֻʣ˸ߺǰǸˣûߣǺݶĿŸߺüı޳ܣڣ˰ɣУһܸµҰɣ
ԷҲ쿪ξȻЩһ֮е籾Դ֮
ߺΪżмЦһڵ㣬Ѿǿ֮ĩԼѱˣĺô
ҲǺ޹˼ɵĹЦֻǸոսΪ̣Ѿһ粻֪ˣ˵ҵãܴҵʤǶǶɽٹģţҲ׽˰ɣ
ԷھȻΪߺԪˣֻǱԼǱѡ
ģȴԼ򣬸ߺԼԿǾԿ
ңҲûþֻһѣЩʮһ̣˵ǿˡ
Լţ֮µĸߺܹԼʲô˺
ϧǣոֻר־һһĶ׽٣ûпߺôȹ׽ٵģȻĻھֻߣռ˵뷨
ĲڸߺȷԼܲսԣߺίߣȡսƷߺƽ֡
һǸߺɹĽ籾Դ֮꣬ҲƲԼĶ֡
Ҫ֪Ǹߺܹٵ籾Դ֮ҲƲĶ֣Ϊ֪ȸߺ߳ٱٶȻͱȸߺ졣
ʱԼֻҪŬ㣬ʵȫԼУڼ
Ǹߺأ򲻻ԼĶ֣ԼΪȸߺǿ󣬵̱ȸߺ񣬾ߺҲֻԼĽ
ǸʱԭͳһҶ󣬳ɾһǸʱжԸʸˡ
˵ǳư棬Ҳǲ޿ܵģԽԽãѾǼһ㡣
뷨ҲûģϾԭǼһأ򱾾ǿޱȡ
ֻҪԭıԴ֮ˣڼ֮Уǲ˵еùġ
֮صֿ̡ܣǣ֮ԭŲСĲࡣ
ǣ֮Уһļ֣֮ȻĻǾƲĶ֡
һļ֣֮Ҳаٷ֮ʮİڶԷ
Ҫ֪һ֮ԭʱҲǱǼϻߡ
֪ҪΪԭ֮ҲǷǳǿģȼ֮١
Էܹô³ȻǲܵģΪԷĲ²ȫ
ߺȻ۷ʱڣǣҲоųɵټϵͼʥ򣬾кܶԷһƴʵ
˵ȫѹƶԷҲǲܵġ
вûʥһ㣬ߺرȻ֮УʥԱˡ
Էһ֣ͽߺȷӡһƬʱ֮УԼȴʮȥ
Ȼ㲻Ըƽ֣ҾͲȫˣ۹⣬һ˼ĺӣȻһɫɲ͵Ůһ
Ҫ֮ʱһȻǰٶޱȣһ޾ĺ·ܽ綼һ㡣
һתٵԼ֮е֮γɹ񣬰һС
䡭
弱ٵĺĻعͷȥߺֻӡסߺʱգѾȫˣһƬƬѵĵطɢɢе
ߺнӡһָһΨΨεıʹӿг֡
̡
Ǹߺ̵ʥ֮ΪһǿҲǸߺġ
ֻûлʩչΣһǿ̣Ըߺʩչ
һȻ֣ƴӵֵһųʱХǡ
궼һʶХһɲʧˡ
ߺѸԷߣȥԷ˲ˣȻʩչ˲ʮεıǡ
˲飬֮е籾Դ֮Ҳ뵽Ƭ֮УҪĻҪĽ籾Դ֮Ƭ֮г
̿Ƽ򵥣ǸߺҲ̫٣æսɲԼȥҽʮһȫߡ

ʱȥˣߺѾЩ֮е籾Դ֮ȫȡ˳ҽȫԼ¡
ǻָҰԼ漶
ң漶֮Уӵ籾Դ֮棬ȫòҴˡ
ڣս֮еĳԱѾ˺ܶˣûһӵƵģߺ£ʮ̡
սĸɲȫӵһС磬ȻЩ漶Աġ
ոսЩ֮֮󣬸ߺٴˣЩ漶ߺѾҪˣڸߺֻ͵ĵҩѡ
ڣߺѾ֪漶Ĳˣӵ籾Դ֮漶Ҳܹʤû̡
οЩ漶Ȼ˸ߺͲӵ籾Դ֮ˣ͸Щ̵Ķˡ
ȻпޣǾûбҪӵС
ȥˣߺѾǿһ£Ѿȴԭģرԭ֮бԴ֮ȫˣ򣬶ȥһΣ֮ȫˡ
ߺ쳤Цԭ磬ֳߺӣÿһӰӣԽɣȫɢŴ۵İ׹⡣
ʮɢڸߺԺ󣬿ʥޱȣƮƮɡ
е޶鲻ԽĹ£ŸߺӰĤ̬쳣ϣƿԼһ㡣
ǵУûа㷴˼ˣǰˣֱ̫ǿˣȻ֮ǰûһ֮Ե
ǣǵģԳսս֮нʮλ̣ǵˣһ࣬飬͹Ϊ֪ˡ
ߺڸоԼ֮еĲԽԽǿҲԽԽǿⷽأѾܹסԼϢˣʱҪһ
Ƭ籾Դ֮ѾܹˣҪȴӻȪ翪ʼϾǣ˵ıؾ֮·


778 
ЩһĶĤݣߺûйᣬӰһתʧԭأתԭ
ڵĸߺѾǳȴ˼رԭ֮⣬ԭˣԭ֮зκ飬һңһͷͿȥÿһط
ңͨôʱĲ籾Դ֮ߺΪڴﵽ̺ڡ
ΪǷŵ棬ǳưһĴڣϵĽ
ߺû˵һ仰ԭʵԵӰ죬ֻҪ˵ȫıȫڻͲһ˿
˵ϲӦ죬춼ʧӰ١
ڵֻҪԭ˵㴦̻֮е顣
֮УֻҪߺ̳֮е飬޶ز𣬵ǣֻҪߺΪͻῪʼ
Ȼκ鶼б׵ģֻҪߺĽͻӸߺΪˣԼڻͬ
Ϊߺʵūһū޹ʵǿ񣬹ϵеŷڸߺְٷְٵĳ羴
ÿһߺĵǱӵŷߺһݣߺ˵ȥҲԥȥΪߺƴ
ʹԱҲһüͷ
̵ǿ֮ƿһǿԿһ顣
ڻҵ֮еڤ壬ʹ˲ڼ꣬Ƕڻҵ֮ôҳϣ궼ڳиŬΪ˽˵ķӡŬš
̵ϴԵǿ֮ڣߺľͬһߺо죬̣һ֮Уֱ̫ǿˡ
һָ֮е飬ֻҪĵģΪͻ˲ʧһƽˡ
ͬʱҲһˣҲֻҪһͷ
ʱ򣬸ߺһΣʱûе̺ڣңʱȺ۸ݣûһͳˮ⣬ȻĻߺľͳ׵Ĳˡ
˭ֿܹסʵջ󣬵ǣֻҪֿסˣͻὫԼͨһһУȫ͸Է֮С
ͬһŶһ֮ѿӴԺ˽ƿأԶҲѲ˶ԷĴ֣ɶԷԲ
ûа׳ԵͣҲûϵڱ¶飬һ涼Ǹı
ܴУһǲŵģΪеǿ߻ὫԼӡԼĴ֮С
߽괫֮󣬲ҽԼʱ򣬶ԷͻѸײڶ֮ƽ֮׵ռԷꡣ
ߺǾãεĴУ˵ΪߺһֱãԼôһָоԼʮֵϤ
·𣬾Լ֮еһֶѣÿÿ뵽⣬ߺЦе̫˰ɣ˵Լ˼Ҽ֮֮еһ֣鵹пŶȡ
ǣ˵˼Լһ֣ͺñ˵׸ԼĸһЦ
ڸߺǰһƬ뵵ĺΧԼһС͵򣬵ǣ⺮ȴڲͬġ
˵ߺĺ޻Ļôǰĺ
ߺȥʸûУֻҪһߺͻ˲һ㺮һбԴͷһкʼ
ߺܹĺС׼ףûκεĿɱԡ
һ𣬾ͽ֮ϵǲ㺮Ƶˣԭ֮͹ȥ
ǲ㺮Ȼǿһ㣬ѸΪߺһͨͬͨδͨһ㡣
ߺ弱ٵĴ棬ٶȿ쵽һ£ڵǲôżˡ
ڸߺΪǿˣ۽ȻҲͿˣڸߺѾ˽⵽ռʱ֮½ʱ֪֮ǿ١
ԣ뵱Ȼ֮оͳʱ
ڼ֮еİ꣬൱½Ǹ֮еһ꣬˵һ궼ûйء
⵹ߺȽϷˣȻĻôߺܹӵ㹻ʱȥһЩ硣
磬ԭ籾Դ֮ȫתԼԭ֮УͲرԭһˡ
ֻҪⷽıԴ֮ȫˣıԴ֮Ͷڸߺƿ֮ˡ
һսֹһɶѣ
ͺñһζ໹ûгһֻҪˣͺñڹټһѻ𣬽֮ȫıˣһˡ
ߺҲԽȫԼ֮Уһʵּһɡ
ߺͨ뵵ĺ֮һﻨ磬¶ڸߺǰ֮ǰȫ綼װع硣
һƬʵ磬ɫɫĻɽˮһ˿˼Ƿ
ľأ֮а裬ˮε̲֮ϣһȺ¹ڻ׷ˣ֡
Ϣ£Ƕ
֮УһȺصĶǣ˫֮ð̹⣬ȴûڳڵȴڵȴòԵʱһ˶ϣ׼֮ȫĿɵοԼǶ˼Ķӡ
һƮϵİڱΣɢ˸׹ӿһ꼴٣ɢȺǵļƻ
кܶͻأĳ֣Ĺɣ·һС
Ϊʲôûкôк磿ʲôرԭߺоԼʮֵܡ
ͺ֪ͨˣȻˣЦˣ󷿣ѡˣתͷ㣬еĻֶһֻڶ
ӣǲǺ֣ʱ򣬸ߺߺȻôһ
һӰӳߺһüӣͨüƺûʲôͬ
ֻеڲϵ˸ʾƽо
ǹϾҪϨһ㣬ãȥҲ֪˶ˣһ绯ļˡ
ôվڸߺǰһ˿ϢûУһͨá
ϧҪ費ѸߺֻѪһʲô
˵ߺˣǣ֣һ˿Ϣûеû˵ߺȴǴûм
ǰǰɣ㡭ߺڸоԼе·ȻǰеǷᣬǣܹģضƽˡ
СӣǺǣ㲻ʶңӦõģȴʶ㣬Ǿð˵˵һĸߺļ
ȻͶһ߿ʼ͵ЦԼռ˺ܴıһ
ߺΣϷŭݣεĿǰռ˶˵Ļ㵽˭
֮У־ҲʧˣǰѾøߺʶȤ˶𾴵뷨ˡ
Сӣ治ʶˣҲԣѾ֮ǰˣ


779 
ȻߺϲϣǸߺȴǳϣǰܻһǰǰߺûжֵĵ
ûжֵͷǰֵÿƵģֻҪһߺ͸оԼУڿҧԼģҧԼꡣ
һʹĸоΪǰʹĸоǾĲҾ徣顣
ߺǿסԼǱݵĸо֪ⲢǶԷҪӺԼǶԷɢȻϢ˵Ӱ쵽˸ߺ
СӣȿȣΪʦ𣿡Ǿ뵽ĳ̲סٺ
û뵽ߺϵҡҡͷȻǰоӦúǿ󣬵ǣߺиоԼݵʦǸûмʦ˫ħȽǿ
Ϊʲô֪˭Ƿųȥ˵ͽ磬죬һͷԴ嵽ǰǾò˵
ߺм˵ͽ𣿡
Ǿһ룬ȻԼǿɢܵĿ֣ʱ̫ˣõѾˣĸɣţӦĸ
Ǿ˵ǣҵĸӣΪȫһŶ۷̣ǿӵһƬԼĴŶ
飬ĪڿԼͽܹгɫı֣һԼʦҲӣҸӵο
һȻǵʵѾ۷壬Ժĸо޷˿ܡ
ǣָоȴ޷ȽϣԼĺһɳĳȻо
ߺʵǲĴʵе̫еС˵ĸоأҪΪϴ϶˺òá
ðһ䣬ͽ𼶵Ĵ𣿡ߺŶԷʱ̲סСһ䡣
ûСε˳ھôشһ䣬ֳԼĽ֮С
ߺԼؿڣһô˵ҾͿˣҵҪûе֪֮˵ʱ򣬸һƹǸߺԸˡ
ǣǰ˫޶ұ֮ģߺϵĴ֣ٺٵЦš
ǰ֪ΣվҪˣϤߺˣߺЦһжԶܶԶ˳ѶҲϡ
ϧǰüӣˣ̲ôĸߡ
ΪߺأЦǺǵĵͷ߸ϵĶԸߺ˵ûҪҵͽܣüŶֻҪĳߵҾʹӦҲΪոСҵĳͷ
ֿɵϵߺΪż
ּõ̫᲻ˤأ᲻ܲˣѵأϲߺ޳ܵ뵽
ӣߺ̲סҪһʧı鵽ôˡ
ǷɵĲôĸߣɸһ㣬ôأߺɵ뵽
ȿȡǰ⼸ͽ̫ˣʦͽûûϵķɣߺЦǸԱɿ
ǾûûʶΣյ٣ǺǺֱЦϵĵͷϻο
ǼλϽȼһһ˲ţŻڣ޵УʵһǶһ޶ģ
ߺ̲ס̫ߣβ̫ǰˣ̧ͽˡ
ȻҪˤĻһҪˤһʵˤòʵǾû˼ˣһǿӣӵģ治ߺҪ
ȻţҲݹʦҲмʦ֣ȻȻȻҵļʦϵǼӣǼֱһһأûûȣ뵽Ǽʦ֣
ߺＫȵıԼԼʦ֣濴ǱԼʦ֣һͲ֪˭˭ˡ
һһأȻһһˣ㵽𼶣ܹɵĿʱģûм
ߺļʦֿɶǿ֮۷ĴڣϵĴڡ
Ȼһһˣ˵ͨǼһȶһһأߺλʦ־Ǳ̬Ĵڡ
ڸߺоǾԵģߺԼʦֵ滹һСĴڣ̫СˣߺŹء
Ȼúˣǰոߺ˼·ôġ
ߺŲںûأֱӾֱӿʼתըСǲһ㣬ҵʦǽһ£ͽܵʱдָһΣ
˵⣬ߺе㲻˼ݣҲݣϾ֮б̬Ĵ۸̣ߺԼʦǲӦء
ߺ˵⣬Ѿһ㲻Ծˡ
ǣȥ벻ﲻԾϾߺȻţ׶ܹӴǿߣϾǺܶࡣ
ʦʲôط˵ǻʶأеĹһתƻǵ˵
ߺʹ˵ʦ𣬺ʱѾˣǡ
úʶԼ˵ʲô˵ĻˣԷɥʦ֮ʹѾǺʹˣԼ½ҿˣһΡ
úãȿʦ֣ҾǼСӣʦдһѣţһǵʵģˡ
ò˵ڸߺҪڵ統УȫԵӰˣģòԼʦʲôӶ֪ء
˵ʦֲһˣʦٶ˲֪ˡ
úΪˣΪߺʦǲǰȥأò˵Ͳ仰԰
ûһ˵ı飬ߺƣ⣬һҪøߺǼλʦֳһα
ߣòһռ˵ĻᣬȴǸϲϹˣҾͽѵһǼͽܣе뵽
󣬱ߵû˸ߺһ򣬺ǴõģԼͽܺ޹˼ɵߺλʦһٰ֮ġ

һ׼֮󣬸ߺͿʼըˡ
ǰ˸ˣǼʦ֣ܱȽѶԸһ㣡ߺƵ˵
ÿߺı飬Ȼпһ£ãϵˣ
ΪߺڵıǿЦãȻֵʮƣֻıԶ׼
Ǽʦ֣ʲôΪÿŸߺС˵ڴԼͽܾͻᱻԼӵƵġ
ţӵģǸʦ֣涼һ֣ߺ˵
õжʼˣָеĸо
𡭡꣬ȼȫõлһ˿ϣĿ⣬ǣߺȻݺݵˤˣȻġ
ȻҵĴʦֽ𡭡
ǣߺû˵꣬˶ˣʲôȻǷ׵Сӣ̫˰ɣǼһȻǺ֮㣬ǣʵǡʦ˫ħǸϹɣ


780 Ϲ𵱴
ްԼ̫ˣûԿ׸ʲôºˣԼͽô֡
ߺ˵Ǽһʮֵ𾳽֮ҲǴ
˵Ǻ֮㣬ǵǿȴӹɵģ˵ԼͽˣڵԼԲǼ̬Ķ֡
˵ĸˣĸԼ˼һ򣬲ǿܹù
˵̬ĵˣռʱõ¯࣬Ѿ⼸һʵ֮УһĴڡ
ԼǼͽܣҲ֮УǱȽϲĴڣ˵ˡ
죬Ǹص֮Уֻķݡ
ڣúȻоԼô޷Ըߺأ˼ٴ֮ǰһֱôǫ飬һֱԼ˼ҵʦĻԼͽʲô
ŸոշһһУԽԽ޵ݣ󣬺Ȼһıζأ
һеһУҪһĸӵȻԼԼͽǣһȥ
Сӣ˵ɣ㵽ҪʲôǾùĿŸߺ֮͸¶ŹĿ⡣
ߺٺһЦΪǰϳɾ
ͣҪңҷ˴κεĺ³ڵǾöЩ֢ˣһߺ佱Լڷ
е鲻ָܲоߺЦãոԼǸڵе̫ˣԼ˵ʲôԷоıƵġ
ߺֻεĿЦһ£ԼΪ˿ӶԷҲǴﵽԼԤϵĽˣһԼҪġ
ͽʦֵд衭ߺСѵ
ǾúԵһ£⡭ǲҪ˰ɣǼ̬ʦдĻĺܲҵģǼһͲˣǳΪ׵֮ǰħĳƺš
ͱĴʦ֣ĳƺǰħķֱǱħ𣬿ħħ𡭡
⼸ɱڳΪ׵֮ǰɱ˲գ۵ħɶľĴʦˣǴθһϵ֮󣬶ڣһ֮£һнһϵˣһ
ߺԽԽ𾪣ȵĺϲ£졣
ԭҵʦǻôȼյ°һһϵ仰ǲе̫ˣҲܰɣߺԱֳԼĲš
һϵǿǴС൱ԭĴڡ
ССһϵдССߺ漶ʱһѣһС͵֡
ǻߵҲ編ǲƵģû磬編̫ˣȻĻҲӦĴڡ
磬ߺȫһУѣˡ
ڵĸߺȫһ籾Դ֮ĻҲֻܹһٸ
һϵڸҲ򣬾Ǹߺڵʵϰٱǧһһϵ
ε̾һ˭˵أңȫһ֮£ҲһϵУȻĻǾԲܵģʦ֣ص㣬ǷΧ̫㣬һϵҲǲܵġ
¸ߺˣԼԼ⼸ʦֻǲô˽Ⱑ֪Ǽ֮еı̬֮⣬ľһ֪ˡ
Լʦǿʲô̶ȣ֪
ߺ˴֣ͲҪˣ˵˵Ǹд衭ǣԺдҲа֪ҵʦ֡ƢɲǺܺã
Ǿ֮еɫҵ治˸ţھš
ȿȣСӰǲҪô棬ģæ˼ε˵
ߺʼ򣺡ģһ˵ģǲ֪ҵʦֻ᲻ôˣ᲻֮ˣ
ͣãҾˣΣǸҧ˵ֱ죬ߺᡣ
Էȴߺ𾪣ݣ˵ݣ磬㲻ῪЦɣҽݣΪ𣿡
ߺ֪̺Ϊ֮ϵˣÿһ仰оһԼԵģǷ֮еľһԣһԾŶ
ǣЩͬʵۿǰ˵һףһף̲УֻҪ˵ĵĻ֮езͻԼ
ңᰵнУΥԵҲк³
νڤڤ֮⣬ȫ淨Ƿ֮ϵڰԼЩˡ
Ҳ˵𲢲޵еģҪ޵УܹƬصԼ
գΪ˱סԼǾҲվߺˣϾ׵ĸħ𣬿ɱ˲գ۵Ķħϲŭ޳֪᲻ΪһЦɱ
ߺҲûа취ˣǰһգƸߺΪĽݵܵܣߺȻͬˣ˵ôҲܵԼλʦֵӣҪҲ硣
ȥ䶼үүˣڶûˣܵܣǾþŵ
ʦ֡ƢǺܲãң鶼ûǰһ֤ݣߺ˵Ż˻е
θߺԸȷЩˣҾ㣬ҿǹΪȻʦֲһ㣬ʸ۵λĻҲԲǼʦֵͶ٣
ߺ𾪵ĿǰԳΪãеԼӸ
ĵһˣ˵ڵγɵʱ򣬾γȻ󾭹γ֮еĵһ
Ҳ˵˵Ǹߺڻûд˵棬ǹļҡ
һȣǹ£еһ֮֮ҵ֮ȣͽܡ
ֻȴ֮֮⣬񼫱֮Ϊĳ飬ûаΪʦ
ֵܣҾҪ鷳ˣһȻ˵
ߺĿʲô飬¾˵ɡ
ͨոյ죬ߺλ磬Ȼ֮λǣڷ˽⣬ȴǸߺܹȵġ
ǵ˽⣬ԲǸߺܹȽϵģ˵ĵѾ׵һĲˡ
ǣһ仰ȴǸ˸ߺǧҪС򣬲ҾļĽ̵ߺ
ߺӻҵ֮˵ʹҲûܵرչˣû̫ϸĽ̵ǡ
Ҳ˵ֱǱȶԼͽܶҪá
ģҾǧǰǳսѾưܲˣҪʧʱˮ֮ǿĴڣԼڶұٴΣϢڣָĲˡֻҪٴڻȪ֮нݣָԼͿˣ


781 
ȪۣߺȷǷǳϤȪ䣬½ʱ򣬸ߺĺڻȪ
˹ĽͣߺˣȪʵǻָģҲǻָġ
ȴǻָģѾƵָ꣬ɢꡣ쳣ǿ
˵ĲǼĻȪ䣬ĻȪҲ˵֮жеĻȪſԻָ𼶵񣡡
ֻ֮УеĻȪֻеĻȪһ֧ѡ
ԵγɿʼѾˣȪҲǣ˵ȪӸԴͬͬԴġ
ȷȪǾԿ԰ԼָѾҪ绯˵һѹͷ
ߺոϸһ¹Ĺͷȫ¶ϸСĿ⻹ּΪĵطԵʣҪȻĻٶһ졣
뵽ߺ԰ɫȥøߺеΣǹںķأڿҪʧˣ
ߺĻǻȻһʲôûк˵СܣҲ˵к𣿿뼫֮ǲԶˣ
ţߺܲ˵׹˵ĵʲôô˵˵ŽѵԼˣ
ȥǰЩ֮˵ʲôڲҪ˵𵭵˵ڵĹʦѣʲô֮¶˽̵ߺ
˵֮󣬸ߺȥЩľ飬ûʲôͬ
ֻ˳ӹĻٵеˮȥ
ǣߺûгˮУͷԼײ˶ҪǸߺӦ죬ٵԼͷϲһ㺮¸ߺηǵײһͷѪġ
ߺ弱ٵںϷͣߺҪĿһ
һɺȴͻȻڸߺĽ£ͬһֻһݺݵץסߺһ˫ŻݺݵȥԶתƣǳıתķ
ǲͬģ֮󣬻ὫȥǲͬݺݵǣǳǿԽĺԽǿ
ⲻˮǺ⺮Ϊʲôأߺڷˣԭˮǡ
֮󣬸ߺŷÿһֶӵ޾ĺ򣬶һԼĺǿ
Ҫ˵ߺĺʮȦĺӦѾ﷨۷ˡ
뵽ȼȼȫĸıˣǣȴȫǷҲ˵ķ򣬾Ȼߵߺĸ߶ȡ
ϸ磬飬ܲһ°Ҫһ¹ĵ򣡡
ߺµ˵˵֮˷Ӧʱ䶼ԭأ
֮еĵ򣬽Ļһɺߺϴ̶ȥߺֱ֣Ǳһ
ԷΪν򣬼ŵҲ
Ȼջһ㣬һ뵽ͻ뵽
ǣں⣬Ȼ࣬Ҳ˵˫ص򣬻˵˫غ
򣬱Ϻûлϣˡ
ǣԭ̬ˮҲˮˮֵ˫ص
ȻǰˮȻǿһ£Ȼܹٵˡ
ߺ˫һһָѸٵıһ꺮ѸٵڸߺǰͣңϵҶɫģɫɣһҶ֮ײɳɳ죬Ƕģֱ֮ײ
ڸߺϣ⺮ȻĳһһӣϢͬ
Ǻ֮ǸߺȫԼתһʵľ⾳Ѿǿһˡ
ʮֵİԵģ÷˭ᣬǣ÷ȴκ˿ġ
׻˵ƻ޸ѣһףǣһأѶȲһԱȽϵģرݵġ
ԶĹЦ˫֮еĹһһı£ߺȫİ棬֮ǰĸߺһæҵġ
ߺţ֮ǰȨֿĻһֵס˲ͻᱻı縲סһƲл궼ˡ
ԸܳոձԲͨǴǿĵߺһֲΥо
񣬶ԷʹԷʹóôһУ涼һֲΥĸо
ԣߺδȫʩչԼԶԸʩչ
ߺһӣһǽѸٰεض𣬿ٵĵֵԼǰ𶼵ֵں档
ֻߺԼĺѸٵѿˣȻ󻯳ıߺ˫һЩıȻûɢڿ֮С
෴һƴնȥٴγһǽֵǱ
Ǹߺ֮еĲ֮ǲ֮ɢˣҲ۵ģߺͨǽ˼֮ڲƵˡ
ٴλΪıʱ򣬸ߺĺ棬ȻʮΣһһϵɢ

ڸߺĵѾǵĵԱˣʮεҫ£ЩɱĩıǽȻʼںڣҫŽ
Щɢźɫıĩʼ𽥵Σһ޴ıܣǸߺõȫġ
ϵı磬۶ôô򣬶ڽϵСÿһ䡣
ߺĺȻĽԱֵܾ£ʵϣǽ仯ͬһӼӲԡ
ͺñȣӲԭ״̬һڸ״̬֮£øĽṹ֮󣬻ʮ
ǣۣԷĳͷڽߺĺȫĻˡ
ߺɲ䣬ԷȻǿǿ󣬵ǣԷûùǿֻǿһ¸ߺ˵ĥһ¸ߺӵС
Ҿ˸գߺһתûбȿˣĸѸٱ仯һźɫߺΧ档
ߺһħһ㣬аԨ֮Ķϵıȫ˽ȥ
һСӣЩְ
ߺٵڿеߺߵĺɫҲʼٵİŸߺ嵹γһɫ硣
ϵЩʼ½ĹߺĺɫĺԼķѾеķȫˡ
Ҳ˵ߺڶԿķڶԿķ򻹶ΪĿģԸı乥Ĺ켣

ߺ˵ЩȫһֻֻıӣߺΪϵԾţŹԶ


782 ʱ
ͻأֵĳǧֻɫıӣǸߺԼĵģĶǸߺ뷨ԡ
ߺЦǰεʼ򣺡ô˧
ΪߺҪ˵ʲôأôһ緹ĻΡ
СܣΪԼ޵ˣ뼫֮ȻԶأΪѾ׷ϼ֮ϸľʮʱ䣬ͻῴ֮Ĳ࣡
˵֮һƬ״ǿգһƬһ棬һתеʮö˲飬ɷĩ
Ȼһӣɹ棬壬ɾ棬ôƽƽĵȥͿκεĶͱڵӡ
ߺԭΪڿЦոҪ෴ϣǽһһߺҪӽȫܡ
ǣԷЩ򣬾Ȼȫ״ģߺЩΡ
磬ģģȷģģǲܲģ
ߺһԻֻڵĹ˳˯һ㣬һţߺǿž͸о겻ѡ
ܣȫһƬǺҲûĺԣߺҪȥҲǾԲܵģܹƹߺĽ
ǣȻǲܵģƬǿڸߺΪ˵ǹĻ󣬵Ļͻ֣ᷢƬǿʵġ
ߺԼٶȺܿ죬ڲԼǿյзеĻǼʹߺӵгԽٶȣҲܷɲľͷ
ڸߺس̶ȣѾʼ΢Ȥˡ
ܹ⼸ĺ㣬һƬǿգ˵ӵһƬǿգȷ
ȻģһԼɣߺҲţΪԼá
֪ΪʲôߺŶԷΪԼãһԼĸоıܷӦԼԷһܾûеһ㡣
ߺ΢΢̣¶һ˿аЦһҪֻʣãе˼أ
ԭأһԱߣƻдУʮֵïܣ粻סƮ
ߺôƻ£һ˿һֱһ֮󣬸ߺ˫۽գϵĵ
ԽԽ֣еķԼ֮еķͺͬ
Լķǳʵľһ⣬һ
ķȴȫ෴ģ躹һȻ͵ģûбر۵ĹâǾӶãһԿյ벻Ľ
ЩǣߺЩĽṹʱһּĽ࣬Ҳ˵ʱԱ任һ̬
ڸߺҪ򵽼ʱ򣬺ȻоԼͷһʹ̴붨֮б˳
䡭ߺ˫֮ðŭ״̬£˭жޱȵİգοߺ뵽״̬ʵס
̼ߣҪٵʵ͸ӵˣο״
ߺһֽƽڻûдߺʱ򣬾ͻһ˲䱻⣬ٿһĻͻֱܲסߺĺ˲ΪС
ߺȴܹסߺЩ죬ϸһ£ֻͨƻѡ
ͨƻȻܹסҵĺ̫ܰɣߺ뵽Ϊֵһ㡣
ߺԼľ͸ƻ棬֣ƻֻͨǲƤһ㱡ĵš
ֻҪ棬ͻȫ͸һöһ㣬ȥգȴ顣
һ㷨ȴֵסߺͷųķ򣬿ļ֮ȷǷǳǿ
ߺʮĽ׼Ǳоһ£ȴԼζ޷о͸·һʮصԼһ
صΪߺ⣬޷͸ƻ
ߺȻ֣ԼĺûãΪԼǳǿˣκ鶼Ѳסû뵽ǣһССƻ޷͸
׼ٴǱأȻ䣺סôأôƻѲǻӽģ
˵ţ˿ǿ֮УѾһƬŵãεҡҡͷż֮ˣҲԲǰԼ
ܣߺڷеĲͬԭµĲƺѾһƬݻɫˣߺ˿ݻƵҶЩҶƻϡ
ĹʵϣƻǺ
ôôأ֮ǰߺĿ࣬оԼĴѾˡ
֮ǰоԼƻдеģⰻȻиûйʵ
УܵĲһɫĵ̺ڣͬһƽɫһ㣬ֱĸо
죬еȻʱŶı䣬һУĶֻǺɵ𣿡
ߺڷеĲͬʮ־ȵĿܣָоһֿ漣ĸо
Ҫ֪ļĻǾǺ˵ȺҪ䡣
⵽ʲôأߺĲˣҲˣΪʲôҪԼעһˡ
ȻԼ֪鵽ʲôˣʱûЩ֮ǼʱܵһоﶼܹںϽܵʱ֮Уܵʱıı䡣
û뵽СС֮УȻ̺ʱߺԼ˫ۣԼľһֱע뵽ƻ֮С
漴ȫ̹۲ƻոһգ긴һꡣ
ߺͨĸоҲڸʱˣЩ඼۷壬ġ
ʱԭе֮һ
ϣܸʱһȥһжǹ˵ʱǿġ
˵ʱܹǾͿĸıʷȴÿһ˶Դﵽģǲÿһ˿ġ
ߺ֣Լ뼫֮ȷзǳĲ࣬ͱ˵ͲǸߺܹյġ
Ȼ˵̵ܹԼʱգǣûʲôϵҲûʱ䵹⡣
żߺҲͣգ˫ɯһģҾͲţܹʱ
Ȼ˵Ҳǣߺ뿼أΪ뱻Լʦֿôûá
׵˵ˣȵܹһεĻŻ
Ȼ֪Լʦһô飬ǣߺ̫Լʦ֣λʦ˵һص㡣


783 ɳ
ߺ֪۾½ʱԶԶĹ˫֮еɫµȼһ۸ߺ
ֲϺһ˿΢ЦǲΪǸһȻܹôʱЩأ¼ʱУѾ졣ޱǧ꣬νնħ塣սѪ̿衣սѣϦ
˵˵ţ˫֮еĿֲȻٵеɫȻٿֲϧʹϧսѣѵУڿն˫֮ɢ
ϧֱûκ˿õȻĻһʧɫ
ƹܱΪΪƱ˵̵һزĹ𣬽յıһе˴۾һĶ⡣
Ҫ֪һȼᵽʲôز̶ֳȵΪϡ
棬ǸģĲпᣬб˲֪ʱ鵽Ϊ
˵棬Ҳֻɱ¾ѣʲôûУ޾ɱ¾޾ѪһӵĻ»Ὣϵû
û֪ЩѪȥˡ
ɱ֮󣬾Բʬ𼣣ȽԷѪռȻǹͷƤ⡣
ʲôˣޣôû˻֪ЩѪƤͷȥʲôطˡ
Щ˿ʼɣǲʲôİá
ɱЩˣѪƣõ˵Ѫ⽨ɾƳ֣Щͷ򱻽һݹǹֻû˿ѡ
Ȼ࣬Ҳֻ۷Ǽ˲֪
⼸˶ǲԵģԣȴû֪Ҳû˸ѯʡ
Ҳ˹𣬶۷弶֮УʵıһԲϣһ㲻˳ۣ־ɱ
ߺ˺ܳʱ䣬ߺѾʱˡ
һ죬ߺ۾ȻˣһڸߺԱߣһСݣһʼСݵ״
ؿʼϵӿһĨɫǺɫ֮ϣȻ׳ɳĿʼ죬ήãΪࡣ
˵ʱ֮ڣСݾһһ֮УƽĶȹˡ
һУߺѾæͷˣʱ䣬ô򵥵ġ
Ҫ֪ոֻԼķһöӣӵĹ̶Լʱ߻ġ
̵һУߺȫԼʩչģԶԸߺķǳء
ڸߺܹʱˣҲ˵̤ʱĴţֻҪȥʱ佫¡
žžž
һɴ˷ʼ֣Сһжʧı䵭ʧӰ٣Ѷ
еһУһƬɫ壬ߺܹܵǳǿǿľս
ߺܣʹԭС֮֮ӵб֮ǿ
֮ײĻߺţһԼյЩ֮ȫ顣
Ǻ̶ֳȵĶһССݣͲͬһȼģԳɳŻôĲ졣
ߺѷ°ˣǰȻ֪ʲôһǺǣԭһ籾Դ֮ɵģ
Сڲ֪ӻΪ֪أǰٴγڸߺǰߺ溦£˵һͻ
һǣ˵ϸǸոս棬ҵǰԳӣ̫ðɡУ˵Ǽ֮ôܹ˵ıԴ֮ɵģ
мĿ˸ߺһۣ֪ʲôǼһΪû磬뵽֮УȻӡңҾͰİˣֻ֪һֱΪԼõ˵򣬲Żô
ЩԼŪģΪǿ
ΪʲôôҲֻԼĳŵѣ飬֪ģ
˵꣬㲻˵ʲôˣȴøߺٴθܵǿȻİ֮ˣȴü֮Ӧ
ߺȷϣһһǿĳֵزˣ̴ĴڣȻԼ֮ôǿ̣ôܸоǲǵĵ򣬶һأ
ʮֽĸ߸ߺƬǵ֮صĵش֮һˣǵ֮У֮صĴ֮һ
ȿ֪ˣйũһʮ־дڵصĸо
طĹæָҪͷȥӲֱǲܵġ
籾Դ֮֮УһʮصǾǵȫڹĵ
Ҳ˵ĵǴ֮ģΪҲ˽Щ֮еÿһ졣
Щ֮еÿһܹ׵ò֮ɹ
˵ǹļңߺ磬ǴӼһһô򵥡
ֻʵеˣǽ֮һļҲȫߺ
ֻ򣬸ոʶһˣȴҪһֵܣһġ
ҵǣûȢףȻĻеġȿȣһͬ⡣
״̬һãȢ׵ĻҪôأǲҪȿȡߺһҵĿԣšˡ
Ҳ֪ߺԼոոһĹ˼Ѿɵ֮ˣңҪ֪ߺҪԼҸϱ᲻ֱѪأ
ҲֻѣϾüûѪģ඼ûС
ѪѪҲҪˣΪߺڿٵǰⲿֵıԴߺʼٵš
ڣߺڿҪ۷ˣһ˵һ߼磬ȫǸٶԵÿˡ
ߺȫˣ˳㣬ȫԼ֮Уԭȫ뵽ߺ֮С
ܵǿգʧˣߺʱ򣬹ֻصһЦʲôû˵
һ죬֮жˣΪ֮Уһءԭͻأʧˡ
Ϊڼոճֵʱ򣬾ʹڵĵһأųĽأͻأʧˡ
ʼٸߣǸߺȴ֮䣬ٶȷǳĿ죬ÿһȥһڸߺļɡ
һ˲߳˹һߵ·̣ߺĿռ䷨Ѿɳʮֿµĵز
⻹ǸߺĽȻĻߺһ߳һ·̡
˫ͷ֮ΥҪأգҪͷ㣬Ҫסһμ֮


784 һ
ûߺǰΪɨ⼫֮еһҲ¹ѻ׼֮ˣȻҪһѻ
һѻյ˵˫ͷ֮ˣһڸߺʱΪߺпܣֻпǼ֮ļ̳ˣ޵׷ɱߺ
һһμ֮ҳĲˣҲ˵Ǽʨһ壬ֻʣ˸ߺǴ֮֮еǿˡ
ȻˣڵĴ֮㻹֮ȵȫ˸ߺ֮УȻ뽫֮Լԭ֮С
ǣߺ˲һСһ㣬ֻߺڻûн֮ȡȫȻĻһᷢеĲ֮ͬ
Ȼ磬Ҫ뽫֮ȫһȫܵġ
ӲĻ˵ԸߺûкôԸߺмʧԼ֮˵˻
ͬһ磬ȴӲһ𣬿϶ġ
ңߺ֣˲棬ȻǿϢ֮ǰߺûе̻Ӧڸߺ̵ȻܸӦһˡ
ĶߺϵԪԪԸ޷˲
ҲҪռ֮󣬿絽ʲôô֮Ҳǲģ
ߺио˲ռ֮γɵһô򵥣ҲһǳʺΪľ衣
Ȼ֮еʱ½ЩƫΪ˸õıԼļѣߺ׼֮ǰȥ½еһЩꡣ
Ȼ½磬ӵıԴ֮ߺоôҲҪȥһΡ
ȻΪļ֮Ժ飬ȻҪԺ˵ˣĿǰ˵⼸ǱҪġ
ߺһ쳹֮еĴڣޣˣߣ˸ߺʥּһġ
˭òȻԳƼ֮Ѳɲ֪Ѿü궼û𣿡
ս˫ͷ֮ȻܳΪǿ֮ǣôҲ֮
ٺ٣ǾͿ½ļһôɣǿǰ棬ǳӰ𣿴˵Ϊǲ˫ͷһмٹ꣬ȻԽӰ񴫵ݵ
ڸߺ֮£֮У漶ǿߵĵطԲΪ磬ʼһӰ񣬶վŵǸߺ3DӰһ
ߺԼڷԲǧ֮ڣӰ񣬼ȻҪûдأ
УиߺʶģһǸߺȥǸ򣬲ǸթһʱǸ
ԭһҿûΥ˼ȻĻôĶ֪
һҲ۷漶ǿһ棬棬Ҳ˼ƽƽ˵ԶԶ磡
ǿߺǾڶ֮ڣʹӵۻʼһе̫ˣ˵Ǿ޽Ҳûš
ߺô˫֣վǿ֮УɫȻûһ˿顣
Ȼ䣬޴ĺƲƣĿռѣһСĺɫ˫ͷӳߺ
Ǿ޴û˵һβͣŸߺ˹ȥһβͣ˲ռһ㣬˲ߺǰ
ߺֻǵһ˿΢Ц߾ôԼϣǸߺڶܶˡ
˫ͷֲ֮ϣһ˿бЦһеŶǵĺ⡣
ǣ漴˫ͷ֮ʹסˣΪβ;Ȼһû˿谭
Ѳһֻֽϻã˫ͷ뵽Ϊߺʵ̫ˣԼβͶÿͻԼβϵɢˡ
ԼβջʼԼһͷȥ
ǣӶԼͷʱȴԼβͺǱһ޴ǯӼסһ
ҿͷȻĻѿԼһͷԼһͷ̧𣬿Լͷ
ֻһ˵վ棬ЦеĿĿԣ˫ͷ֮嶼ųһ
ԷȻһֱԼͷ­֮ϣԼȴ˿֪֪ǶԷҪԼأԼѾ֪˶ٴˡ
ǡʲôʱܵҵģ˫ͷ֮һڿˮͰ͵˵
ߺεҡҡͷĿռ䷨֮ʵ̫ˣԸ㣬ҸоԼãһĥ𲻵
˫ͷ˲䱩ŭΪߺʵ̫СԼˣֻһСӶѣȻ˵Լ
ǣıŭˣ˫ۿʼѪҲʼĶᣬĸߺˣʮαҫ۵Ĺâ

ǵ˫ͷ֮˫ֱۣܲǼµĺˣѪѪǰȾѪɫ
󣬾ǵ˫ͷ֮壬ҲھܲסǱĺ֮ϿʼѺۣŶԷ۾ıѣӦ
λϵķѵűѣһѪϵĴӸطʼƬǿնȾˡ
˫ͷ֮嶼ըģ˫ͷ֮꣬ʧһɶ
˫ͷ֮֮ǰһ仰ͬһħһÿһ漶ߵĶ֮С
ǣôô³أԭĴˣһлûзǰԤϵһڽľ
˵֮󣬵˫ͷ֮嶼ˣûгֹһ
ֻܣɺƺ֤ո﷢˾ս
Ӱ֮ǰĿٸ֪ⳡսʱж̣ʼգߺֻ˳뻯Ŀռ䷨˫ͷ֮ͷϡ
ȻһָûжֻһԼķһȫɱӿʼߺ˾һ
˫ͷ֮ߣûôӦԼķûõͱԷȫˡ
˫ͷ֮һ仰һħһ漶ͷһƣþòɢȥ
һ˵Ҳһħ䣬ڵ֮ͳͬ⣬Ǹΰˣһѹе̣Ϊˡ
ʧˣǶлᣬʧţڿгͷ֮ˣڣ³֣ȴٴν׵Ԩ
һͷǺǣһ̫ˣԷʱұҪĳˣܶһȷе뵽


785 ȪԴ
ߺɱ˵˫ͷ֮󣬾ʧ֮ˣÿطӰû֧֣Ҳɢһɶˡ
ǣߺµӡȴԶ˵ģһϮǿһжôأߺ·һŶһݺݵǵУԶβˡ
ߺǲô࣬뿪֮󣬿ʼٵĸ·ڲϧķԼɵһ̵
ǻģûκĴڣߺҪͨȪͨŴӻȪͨ½
ڵĸߺѾˣıԴ֮ǣҪȫ뵽֮⣬Ҫеһſɵĳ롣
ϾƬأѾ֮ˣû뼫֮һķ֮һصϢǼ޷ͨȥġ
ֻһıԴ֮Ƿǳ򵥵ģߺֻǻ˼ӵĹ򣬾ͽǸıԴ֮ˡ
󣬸ߺһһоͳڸߺǰ򶼻ޣСȫΪԿףŽͨͨġ
֮УķһͲʲô
ֻ´θߺٽʱ򣬿ܾҪķԼˣϾ·ǰֻ̣һε͸ߺ̵֮ɢһɶˡ
Ҳǣ̵ֻ򣬶ȴǵתӵһ֮Ϣ£ʮ޷ͨǸġ
ߺڻȪ֮䣬»Ȫߵķ羰ߺʮֵĺãӻǰոָо
˭ҴȪ֮䣡ӰӶȻڸߺǰǻûʱ򣬸ߺѾˡ
ڸߺΪûʲôܹߺݣԸߺһֱûʲô仯
ԭǺڰ׶ʥþòˡǿɺãߣߺǵ¶һ˿΢Ц
Ǻڰ׶ʥߺĺڰ׶ʥֻоȫͬˡ
ڸߺǰͬһĴڣڣ϶
ǰҲϣҲһһϡ
ǡСӣ㵽ûн뼫е׷ʲô˵ڰ׶ʥߺ쳣ļ˫ֲϵĲģɷһѾץסߺӡ
ߺɫһ±ˣһӣһڰ׶ʥ͵ɳȥ
Ҫڵݵλʥ߶ѣ漶ûдﵽʲôʸô˵
ҲǾʶǺͺ˵ĻߺҲôǣǣȴ֪ˣôԴ
㡭㡭Ϊʲô͸һɺʦ𣬲ǱʦҪǿ֮Уڰ׶ʥոҪŭǣ뵽ʲô˲ƽϢ
ոոߺûбǻǺǣڣߺѾԼˣȻҲܸܳߺˡ
ѲɣСѾɾ̣ܰɣŹ˶೤ʱ䣬갡ʥֵ˵
ڵõ֮Ĵ˰ûи˵֮еʱ䣬ǱȽϿģ
һԶЦţٵĽӽߺֻһգ۾͵˸ߺǰ
һۣ˫֣붼ǻɫģ˫֮УһȦȦɫĹâͫס
Ȫ棬ԭ㰡ߺ˵ڵĸߺѾǱյĸߺˣ۷ˣǰȪֻһ档
ȪٺٵЦţǰڸøôȥ˰ɣȻõˣǡţô̵ʱ֮УҲûʱɣӵеģ֮صĻȪս
ԷĻû˵ߺ֪Է˵ʲôˣһЦһʮӰͳڸߺǰ
µȲμϣЩһߺ˲£˵
ߺĵ˵ͷһָǸһҵѵһѣ
˵꣬ߺתȥһ䣺Ȱ˵׳մӦȪ罻Ϊֹ
Ȱ˵֣ߺ˵رأ֮ԡ
ʮһԭ֮еϽȼǿߣʮ̫ǰȪˡ
ƾŻȪ֮Ӧһո̻࣬Ӧˡ
ߺٻЩһȫѪսЩ磬ȻǷǳǿġ
Ȫ濴ôļһ֣֪̾ˣԼЩ̫СߺˣҸߺһǷǳǿģȻĻǾԲôǿߡ
ΪˣǸӵǿҪͨʮ̣ǵ籾Դ֮ߺʵǿʲôز
ηǿ󣬻Ȫ֪Լˣ룬ԼȻͷʼڰߺǣĿҲֻҪͨߺ뵽֮У취õߺѰҵĴС
ֻû뵽ǣߺٶȾȻô죬˲Ĺ򣬾ʹССĻߵȼ׵̡
ΪǸߺţҲ׵ô죬ڿԼ̫Сߺˡ
ߺһ̣ѾΪһƬСˡ
úãͶȪ籾ҲģֻҪ֪ǣ絽ʲô磬Ϊʲôôǿĸأ
Ȫ浭˵ֻڵʵ̡̿
ڣףһ߸߳һһɫģЩһʱһġ
һֻۿȥ񣬶һߣΪˣѾȫˡ
°Ϳ촹Լؿˣεһ綼ܴոɷǵĺӣѾһˣͷҲһһ롣
Ƚе籾Դ֮ڸ㣡ߺֿҪ֪ܣҪ۵ġ
Ȼ۾ǶԷ籾Դ֮ԭ͹ᴩڼĻȪʮصġ
û֪Ȫľͷֻ֪֮УлȪĴڣ߸ߺЩֻǻȪķ֧
ǣʹǷ֧ģߺҲбҪϾ޶ѡ
Ҫߺôܷأ
ȪҲûа취ˣһ׳оԼǱǿСһ
߶µĽԼ籾Դ֮ߺЦһѽ֮ԼУԭܹڱһյĻ壬ٵСһöСĻɫӡ
硪ԭڡ
ߺû˵꣬Ȫͼɾʲô֮еĵһصĽءԭ


786 ֮ս
Ȫǲ֪ܲԭĴڵģϾǴӼ֮гģԭߺΪ־塣
ﱻǵһأҲǵһأǽ漶ûгġ
뵽еҲûгģֻһεļ֮
˰ˣû뵽ô࣬ĳɳٶ𺳣ҺգȪ˰Լֻ֣ǻû˵꣬ߺͳһˣһߵȪƨƨϡ
쵰ո˵ʲôʲôģڿʼҵ֮һҲսĳԱɣһٺٵЦ
ոոߺٻʱ⽫ٻˣӼһļ֮ˣȻҲǵϣ˵ҲУû̫ġ
Ȫ𾪣ȷҪô𣿼֮ô˵Ҷʦ֣֮ͽ֮һ
ߺмһЦո˵ʲô㲻Ϊ˼ĴУѡҺôԼľˣȻһεļ֮ѹң
һĹâȪ˲䱻ſѪֹߺٴһ֮ǣץסԷӣյǰ
Ҿ㣬Ҵûгϼ֮ҵʦҲֻһǰΣһΣûеǰ㶮𣿡
˵գߺ֮ݺݵڵϣ˵ңȥʲôطˣ
ߺҪȪ磬ҪõͻȪһڵı磬ֻһʮֵΣԸߺͿԷ
˫΢΢һУǿɶ񣬱һҸоȪӦѶԸˣͶ˱ĵ֮ɣ
ڸոʱ򣬸ߺ˵һ֮ߵıȽϽڣԷ֪Ĵ߽ȥˣһȡжġ
Ҫ½һˣûߣ벻Ҫȥأߺ˫΢΢һУŻȪ˵
ߺ֮УûһһҪȫе
ȪЦǡϣ
˵֮󣬻Ȫ𾴵ߺǰ·ٵ·֮д󣬶ߺʮ޾͵ĸڸߺĺ档
ȪΪʮֵСߣọ̈̄׷ǳס
ȥʱ򣬱ʱ˲֪ٱȪ泤µĴطοߺ籾ѡĵط
·ľͷ˼ڣԭ˼仹ûС½ʱˣͨ·ͨ
һʥߵˣܵĽԼõӦеĽ
ڣ˼粻֪Ϊô£ܵǿ𻵣Խ۵ľ磬ٺƵĳ̶ȸˣ߶ﲻˡ
ģԽԽأγڵ½ҿ½֮ȻĻߺʶﲻҪǰˡ
ߺţʹ֮Ҳûб½˵ʲôʱ򣬵ʱ䵽֮󣬾ͻٴα˵߾綼ﲻˡ
·ľͷߺ͸ңԶǿգ½֮еһУ½ǳԲ״ġ
½棬кķӡȻ濴ʱ͸ģֻ濴ȴһ½졣
̫죬̫죬죬Ҳ½طӡ
½棬һֻǿζһβ;ͽһʯá
ǿԼǵۼʹ½ܹ߾磬ƿҲܻġ
ǿ֮⣬ߺ˲˼Ĵڡħ壬Ȼ½˼λõΧħ塣
ߺһЦż㣬Ӱϵ˸һ˲ͳ·ǿ֮С
ǿ뼫֮еǿղͬûκκеֻǽΪ
ոճߺΪûϢҿߺϢȻĻߺһܵȵ˺
ߺÿһȥһγɣʼһȦȦɢǲ漰ĵطɺȫıǡ
ħ尡֪Ϊʲôߺ䵽˼£Ĵԭشȥ
ǿ˵½Уһһըס
ڸߺǰǸǸһڻعͷˣһ˶Ż£ֻǣͬǣһ۾ƺûеһħ졣
·ҵĵһħʵѪͳӦߵġ
˭ǴӼ֮гˣ㲻֪ڻħϢ𣿶ң㼫һ壬Ѿǧûв֮սˣ
Ǹħſ˵ڣڸߺֲε˵ѾνԲˡ
˫ԿԼʶԷҪ˵˼ʲôȻͣ漶֮ǾԲܵˡ
ţ֮սǺ漸˭ܸҽһ£ߺ˵
棬ʮ̼һƺֳԼӰУЩ̶ãȻҡҡͷ
ҲǣҲԭ֮棬ûгϢȻ֪ˡ
ǣȪȴͬˣߺԣ΢΢һϹϣ飬µ֪һ
ߺûʲô仯˵
ͨȪĽͣߺˣԭߺڵ棬棬аһ죬ǱΪĴ档
֮⣬һ棬ǾǱ˱Ϊħġħˡ
ڶĴ֮УԺĴħʵΪǴڶ֮Уǿ
ǣħ֮еĴڣȫʵҲԽԽǿϣĴ֮УԽԽ˿ʼɱ߲֮䣬һЩ顣
ħ֣ӴˣĴħ濪ʼ֮ս
˵⣬ƺһĽ˵ԭһֱϣĶ֮սڵأ˼䰡ǺûѯʣȻĻһѰҵˣ
ߺԽƺԽѲڻû׹˼ļУ֮ս
Ĵ˶ˣǶôĲһĴ棬׵ĸ㣬ҾΪ˶ȡĴġ
Ⱥ߲㣬ɵĸ˼ҽж֮ս׳հԼǺĴˣʲôᡣ
ô˵ҿܲǺܶһǿսͿˡ
ߺһָоֲ֮սĸ߲㣬һ⣬û⣬ǾǸˣΪĸ߲̣񣬺Ĵ˻ɹ
˼⣬һνĶ֮սϣһΪħռ죬˼˼䶼ռˣ˼һڴŽһ龻


787 
ң֮սʱ򣬵֮ҲνҲһѾ鵽һ˼ˡ
ߺҲ֪ʲôʱʼĶ֮սǸߺȴ֪磬ȻΪһ𣬾һǲȼĴڡ
ߺʦ˫ħڵԶʱ˼ʱ۷壬֮սķҲ־ǿʱѾȥˡ
ǰħֻʥߵǿȶѣͲǸߺĶ֡
ߺмԼֱ֣ǲԼļһ֣ȫȫĸ㶨ˡ
ħ屳󣬻ĵۻǿߣͼǲ߾磬ǵصħǿߣǽ뵽½½һ;ѡ
ЩħǿҲԲǸߺĶ֣ߺ־һǺǷԲħ嶼ߺķˣҿʼ飬󻯳ĳ
ߺȫɱˣΨЩħĽ죬ҲǸʥħûɱ
㡭㡭̣ԣɱҵģΪ֮еһ߲㣬ͱض֮սĹأ˫ɱס½ǧ꣬ħ塭
Ǹʥħսս˵Ӹոոߺ֪˸ߺжǿ
ʮα浫ǵۻʵȼ֮ϵˣû˻᲻̵֪Ĵ
ߺĿǸħһۣ䲻мһЦ㻹еôƾô룬ɱˣ˵ʲôأЩ߻̸ʲôأȵҽȫȥȻħʱ򣬻Щ齲صġ
ߺ˵ţԼԷ֮УļգҪ֪ħĴ㣬ھ֮սж೤ʱ䡣
ϧǣߺûеõ𰸣Ϊħĵȼ̫ˣûʸ֪ô߼Ϣ
ߺûȫνħ壬ĸ㲻ںĴս߲㵽ôģȻͬħ
ÿһǧ꣬ǶԷΪʱǿ̫ˣ½ͻ᲻ơ
ҲΪļ٣ǿԽԽ١
Ȫ˵Щ꣬ڹ˼Ĺ꣬ûйǱڹ
ߺ֪Щ뵽֮еĹ꣬ȥʲôطˣǱ͵ʲôطȥˡ

½֮Уߺڻûн뵽еʱһӰȻڸߺǰôȻĿŸߺ
˳һ˲ţģںڵͷһһ֧εԼ֮ϡ
üĿͬϵķһޱߣһۿȥ޷԰Ρ
˶ģ޳ָƤͦı촽ݰס
ˣô·ϵĳһ˧ĸߺǰȶȻʧɫ
лһԷգսķʽõġ
ߺķǳ棬žǿһ˲䣬ߺ֪ǰһݡ
½ĴȻ֮ĸߺԽҴ˼¼˭ûĥԷǿһʸ
½˲֪˲˾½һܵ½ߵ硣
˵ż˵Ŀ꣬ǽ͵ߵ
ڼʹ½ڳϵνУҲԲиߺԲʲôʲôġ
ǣǵĿͷȴǣ뽣
ǸߺԶȲϵģڸߺʶôĸ߼ߣѾ֪ν񣬾ǵ֮صʱǸѡ͵Ǹһ
ڽ񣬾Ǹߺǰеļһ
ãǰԼǰļһߺԼ޵ԣϾԼǰɹġ
ţ΢΢һ£ǣô֪ҵأʶ𣿡
ǲϲ˵лһ˵ֱ⣬ûһϻ
ߺεĿЦһҵ֣ǸߺΪʲô֪֣Ϊ½Աһ㣬еĽ㣡㻹ǵ½֮еı𣿡
ߺĻشȻ½ǲ֪ܲģڶ֮飬ԷҲܲ
Ҫ֪֮еǸߺûв´Ļȫǵͼʥʹ̵ȼûмܹӵС
Էô֮зһأǸߺĻҲǲǵġ
Ŷ½Ǻþûлȥˣ֪﾿ʲôˣصǰӣʮֵ廳ǰӡ
ߺĿŶԷԼ˼ûѡ֣Ͼ֪˶֮ս󣬸ߺãԼһܹһǿߣͶһʤ㡣
οˣںԼͬĵطһ˼䣬Ӧûֲ
ȻǱҪɱ¾ߺҲԲĴߺԶ˲ңҲˣңұɱ֮
Ǻǣ˵ģʵ̫֪ͣϵ񵽵жǿ˵ϸûܹĵȼ˵ǳˣҽҲãҲãûô飬ǱϾǴһطġ
ƢܺãҲܺ˵ߺԷ̸һԷ²˵ʮֵƽ
ߺе죬ͲӦֽˣǷâ¶ôǰĽ𷴵޷ģ˵ʲôŭʲô֮ġ
֣֪Ϊ£ߺ˹֣ڽԼеɻ˳
ɻ˿˸ߺһ£ֿһ¸ߺˣȷ˵ոգһħɣӦòĶ԰ɣ
ߺ΢Цŵ˵ͷȻᡭ
Ҿͷˡ⣬οĵ˵ͷ
Ǹߺһ仰ŭȻ᲻ɱˣң֮˷ûΪ˷ѿҲ˷ءĳ۵ʣˣ㻹ʲôҪʵأ
Ÿߺľګҡҡͷ鲻ԽԼƣȻǡʵҪǡ
ߺ뿪Ц˶Էл˵ͣŶԷ˵
ֱνô򵥵飬ٴӸոնԷѯЩħ飬ߺϾȷԷ·أһոյħйء
ߺӵġ֯һԣĹЭ飬Ƕ֮սħҲǣÿ˹˼ǧ꣬Υ˹涨
ߺɫЦԷĻɫһ˲źߣȻأһȥЩ߲㣬ЩGRǲǶвˣ


788 ֮ս
⻰ʲô˼ߺֵǣûǱŭ״ֻ̬ǲĿŸߺ׸ߺ˵仰˼ʲô
ߺһһﲢ֮еظͦŵһˡ
֣Ѳ㶼𣿱˸˵عأһǵļ簡ΪʲôҪ˶أڶͲ˼䶼ЩħռĲ˰ɣֻʣ½ıˣЩħ彲ʲôˣ
˵󣬸ߺѾӽ
ʵܲЩһľˣⶼһЩʲôĵϣˣǷֱ˼ɣһǧģ
˼ҹô꣬ཫ˼䶼ռˣôֻ꣬Ƕ˼ǿնѡ
֮£ڸ˼̸ʲôƽǲе̫ɵأ
һеĶ˵꣬ߺһĿƵĿŽҪӶԷĿеõش
Բںǳ۳ҹŽĽߺʵǲ֮ΪУԷ׻жǿߺ֪
ǿԿ϶ǣԷһ˲ţһߺж˲š
εĿЦ˵ĵȷֻϧǣҲܹѡΪڵûѡʸ񣡡
ţ¸ߺǺˣڵΪߺҲܹоԲ̡ͨ
Էһ磬Ǹǿȷţκһܵá
ûյҪʵҲԿԼȡһǿ磬Ͼеĵͼʥǰӵеġ
ţʹǽû磬ƾԼľһӵ̼ǿ֣ҲǽĶ֡
ǿϧֹֻΪҶĿİɣߺЩϧЩ˷ܡ
ڵĽǿ׹ڷ֣棬ʤ
ϵϢȻûͬһ㽣һǣɲĸоȴøߺӵ˷ܣøߺԿԷԼײж١
ȿȡ˵£ɤӣһ࣬Ȼ쳣棺칬ػߣ֮˼Ѳ֮һħԼһ£Ȱ־ܣȻݹĳҲˣ
ԷǻߺֺЦΣû뵽ԷȻô档
ãᣬһӦɣߺ˼˻֣صʵ
ո˵ãǣָߺͲù˵ù˵Ļǻ֪˷Ѷʱء
İ׻˵ɣ۲Щ秵ˣ԰ɣεĿЦ˵
ߺҲˣƾԼûж޵Ĺ˵ʵЩʺϡ
ȿȿȣ˵ҴˣţҲߣΪ鷢չ̫ˣǻûٸ飬ǡ
ߺ˵ݣԽ˵ԽףңԽ˵ԽԾ
˶סˣѾӦˣоԼ˼άϸߺпա
Сӣ㻰̫ɣʵ̲סˣеľһһεĽʼھ˷ɢȥ
ǽɫģӷǳʥԷʹ
ÿһ𶯣ǿ֮Уͻпռ飬žո飬γһڶ
ֻЩڶڵʱ䶼ٵĻָʵĿռ䡣
ǣܹڶͿǷǱѰҶԷûнԼȫͷų
ߺҲ΢΢һЦһһʼӸߺĽɣߺվ棬һƬƬڿУռʱֱӽռһˡ
ż㣬ߺĽ³һĺãʼɢȥ
Ľ£ҲĽ֣ٵߺȥһƬʯȺٵߺ֮Ϲȥ֮ĺ
ߺָ㣬֮һѪɫôӸߺָбеĽѪɫõֵ棬ߺıں档
Ǹߺĵ򣬸ߺһûõֻõĵѪɫ֮з·ԩڿԹ
Ѫɫǰʱûӵз˳һȥײһ
ĺ䱬ӸߺǰǸǰγɣһεĲٵĽһռȫ˺ѡ
㲻̲ס޵ߺķ̫̫ǿˣûпҲûпμ֮Ȼ֪ˡ
ǣַǿȴӹɵġ
׼湥ˣһʮοʼ֣ŵ
ʮκ֮ıÿһΣɢĹâܹǿգᴩ
ߺ棬ǱʮΣÿһԴܹһأܵĽαĹâȻ⣬ߺķαסˡ
ããͬƣ˵̺֮֮⣬һɱһֱ֮ײֿضһݵ
ԼĽݺݵȥʮȫ뵽ĽУһƥеĽ
ǵƥĴϸԼһĴϸͬǺһ㣬һ⣬û棬˻ĳ
޴ƥŸߺȥߺ˿⣬һʮȫ뵽˱֮С
ǱʢǶȻһСһƫƫ궼ܹϵһƬƬɽ󺣡
Щȫܹ½һڰ磬ȫڰ磬ڱסеĹâ
ǿеĿռ䣬ʼһĽԶԶȥǰ涼С
еĶĶʼı֮Уתתʯǣʼļ٣ͣסˡ
·ܵʱ䶼ͣ״̬ʵϣߺܹоܵʱ٣ȻŸߺĺ֮ȫסû
Ҳǣϵʱٶˣʮʱ䣬ڸߺĺ֮УҲȹһСʱѡ
ԷƥٶҲˣǰı绹Ҫϼ֣ڣڹ껹Ҫ
ʱעǸߺȨҲܹʱȻߺʱ٣ǽҪʱ١
һεĲӽ֮бȥɨ˸ոձƥ档
棬ƥԽԽ죬ٶȿ쵽һ£ǽ⾭ĵطʱٶʼӿ졣
С˸ߺĵԸģһӵв
ƥԽӽߺٶȾԽ֮ͬУԽԽƥϾȻ˺


789 
ߺһ˿⣬Լһ㺮ôӸߺпʼȥǾ޴ƥסˣŸߺֿٵĽƥı㣬ҲʼѺۡ
飡ߺ͵һȣ߬סƥܵĺãʼϵıըΧƥĺҲʼƬƬ䣬ÿһƬһ˿
ƥ쵽ߺǰʱѾʣ಻СָϸԸߺ첻κεӰ졣
ߺһסǵݺݵһǽ˲䱬飬ɢڿ֮С
Цߺ޾ĺʼƽͬ涼ʼơ
ҲЦָſݺݵߺץȥǿгһֻƣָͬĽ콣ߺȥ
ÿԼд̴ʮǣߺĺֻǴ̽һ룬Ѿ̲ȥˡ
ߺԼʥͬһССıҵײǿУǾγɵ޴
䡭
֮ڶһĽ뺮˷ȥÿһռ飬ɵ֮ϣ˲ͬǧʯء
ܵһſ򣬱ͬһƵģ涼ǿܲס˫ĺһſ򶼿ʼѣըγһڶʯڶսȥ
ߺ뵥ӰҲǿܵͱܵĺڶ˺ѿˡ
͸ߺоԼ屻һǿ֮סߺԼ屻ͬͬš
ʬĸоָֻоʹ򱶡
۾һССڶҺΣ
漴֮һһӰʼڶԷܣ󣬽󣬽ϵ档
ȻеСڶҲǸΧ棬Ǹ֮У֮ŽϢ𺳣Ȼ
綼ǽ磬еߣǽͣÿһλıʹýġ
ÿһɽ嶼ǽ״ͬһľСС״Ľ
棬Ϊ𵭵վǸģ·һ¶ıֺһеĻһеĽ
ԼָܵһָỮռ䣬֮ĽЩڶ֮нȥʱտٵĽЩڶۡ
۵ʱտʼƶЩڶҽǺڶºڶķԽԽڣеĺڶȫߺǰˡ
ߺҲ˿⣬һ㽫ԭԼ֮ͷ˳Ŀеĺڶˡ
ǣߺûнڶʹԼıСڶȫԭصĵط
ң÷սսսս漶ܣ˸ߺȻ˽ӽĻɱ⡣
ߺ磬Ҳһ𺳣û뵽ߺ˿
ӵĸоӦûǿ٣ʤһĸо
Ǻ֮Уֽ˹ŭĿߣֵǿһۣ͸оԼͱһ
ʲô磿ǵ֮е̫ˣ̲ס𺳵
֣ԼߺһȣֱС׼ףûȵĿԡ
ڶռ֮Ķײһһķڶľͷϯȥ
ƬϵΪߺ뵥λܵսһ飬ƬĿռС
ǿκһм䣬ܴǵл
ӵмΪǿ磬ټӵеͼʥʹ۷̶˵Ķ֣ҲԲĶԾ֮л
ǣ˵֮еһ֮Ĵڣǵ˵ſܲս
ߺԿ϶ǣʹЩԼԣԼҲбİգϾʥǰװӵеġ
ǵеʥͿԽһ֮һϵСһն𣬿˵ӵʥǹ汸
ˣξͲսˣϾҲ磡ԼĽջأԼ棬ߺҲǣһֽСıڣ̶סԼͷ
£ûʹԼȫʵǣҲʹõĲˡ
˵˾ʣʥûȫͷų磬֮ȫ˳ֵһ
Ȼ˿һָᷢߺʵȵʵǿ󣬵ӶԸڶϣͿԵĿ
ȫԼ֮еʱ֮ЩڶסҪǽϵڶŵڶ
ߺȴǸûжǸ̫·ֻ뽫֮Լ統һµĿû֪ˡ
ͣߺҲʶʱͣԼж֪ԷȻǷǣȴǷǳõģȥߺ
㲻Ҵǽɱص֮ôߺĿźԶ½
ߺȶٵ½֮ƶȥǽŵ
ߺĻνʼ򣺡ͲõˣûйϵģϾ粢ֻһִƣִƣҲǱɱģ޹Ͳˣ
ߺ󣬵ɴԼ˫ۣո˵ʲôɣһǿ𣿡
ںεЦЦְǱҸߣǣֵʵĻǻûȵʸ񣡡
ߺȻĵ˵ͷĿŵ𣺡Щڷߣ֮Ҳرĳ㰡ǹŽһţʵҲǷǱѰӵʥ칬֮УȻְλôС
ҲʮֵΣֻŲеίĸо뵱꣬½Ĵڡ
ǣ֮ȴʼնϮܵЩԱ衣
ڼ֮гɾһʥߣԸԳĽ칬֮С
ǣ칬ȴɲ£֮˵ǰС
֪ԼƣǾԲΥˣҲ
Ӵ֮󣬵Ϊ칬ػߣȻְܲλҲ͵Ĵڡ
˵ˣΪһԺǿҹĴڡ
һһ˫ţȴΪ֡кǱ
Ϊ˲鿴½е籾Դ֮ȻõʥˣҲһõһ˿ɣ
䣬з޵ĿɬҲгưһļ磬ѵ˵顣
ǾԲκˣ磬սǻǧħһ𡣡


790 仯
յ½ʢٳȻϰ˵ȷǲǶЩʱ¶ΪһĴ˵ȴĩ١
һڲģǸ˿Сҡѩͳһ½Ǳϵͳһȫͳһ
û˷û˸ڷΪѩı½һڡ
Ǹҷԣһҹ֮䣬ڴ½֮еʵȫıγ
ڣ½֮УڳȻ
˵֮еŲʢһʱĸߺӣ룬쳾գǿһĴڡ
ǲ꣬ѾΪ۷ߣų̶ȸʤǵĸ׸ߺ
ڣ֮ڣǰʾľǿߣͲʮ߾ߣǲ԰ơ
ټϱڵĽõǴ½ϵĵһ塪塣
裬Ҳǰʵľ磬ڴ½֮Уϵʮ֮һ
½ʮ֣Ǹߺߺ󣬰Щ˵ʵеģ½֮Уϵǿߡ
ֱи룬쳾գѪѩ貨ᣬнʬһЩУ½һϰʡ
ڵϿɣǵһ˱ߺĵڶͽܡħ
ʮ֣Ǳڣռ߸Īǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ȻڻһЩǿߣʥֽڣħ졣
ѩ֮УҲһֻߺĹϵҲǷǳУ֣ա
ѩҲ½ϵĵһν½ͳһĻʵ֣ۡ衣
УŲ߶ٶʵ½ϵκ𺳡
˵޵֮ʦָƣ֮޲ȫͶ
ڽգѩ¶ʱ½׹֮Уʹ½ĳӵĹ˳棬⣬ѩͳһ½˳Ӧ⡣
Ǹߺ֪Լ뵥һսѩɹĺô֪ôأ
ڵΪ뵭ȻֻһЦ֮ɡ

ߺ뵥½籾Դ֮ټԭΪҲԲʲô¡
ԭߺҪһЩѴߣٽ˲ռˣͺõĽǽ½ȫˣ֮ء
½˼ģҲ˼ħ֮µһݣߺԲ˼ȫħС
ʹĴħսҲϧߺΪԼ棬һʧܡ
ħٷٰܹ֮ɹĻʹƽˣĻﶨʲô֮ս
ֻϧô򵥵ĵĴ쵼ײȴǲǸߺҲܹﲩĵĳ̶ȣһħһ۵ľ
ȥĴᱻħĥɾΨʧܵĽ֡
гƼ䣬ꡣ
ߺ뵥ѩĽֵϣѾѩһ˫ĳǳأ½֮еһС
ǳأԲ棬¶£Ҫ֪Ѳǵı֮еСӳǳߡ
ǺӾǴӳسǽǲ߾ģżƫǲߡ
˵ǳˣǺӾߣװӣҪ֪˼ĴӳҲǺӾߡ
еңһȻǻ壬˼аʣǲ£һ֣һһ
ô˵һңǽңڿ˵½֮һˡ
еĽ죬ħ죬ҲǱڵϣеһȻǲԩˡ
һǱɣȫ½ΪУǸ³
ڶ壬屻½ǿ壬ȻǿޱȵģټϾʵκ˲ܳΪڶҲʵ顣
Ǿǻˣбܣ֣ԭʵҲǲܵġ
ͬΪľǽңǽˣĽʬһ壬ʵǹ룬޿ƥеԳ֮Ϊˡ
ֻûбڱȫ֧֣ȻʵҲǱڵӰ죬Ƿǳġ
õľ¥֮Уߺڿڵλϣ¥һʮ㣬Բͨ˿ȥġ
˵ӵ㿪ʼר׼߶ߵģʮרԤĲΡ
һߺĺܣֵڴ½ϣȻҲǲˣǣҲʵĵطܹߺĵܡ
˵ÿһиߺĵܣطĵܼҲĶࡣ
Ͼߺǳڲ򣬾вϴ½еһСһߺǣݴ˵˶ȵĳݸߺߺʤ˽
㰮˵ϣ϶УǣǸ֮УҪ˵ϣȻĻһᰤġ
һǾٳǶ棬ߺǾԵ棬ߺȻʵ۵Ҫá
ǣߺѾ뿪ˣǸطرĳݸߺԣڶǸطҲǱȽصġ
˵½֮УһѩĽ֮ģǾǸߺǡ
νʵ۵ʥּνƶֻҪ뵽ߺǣǾҪܵ
ǣֻҪһҲǸӵܣԾȲˣΪߺƵıǱڡ
ߺ֮УߣǸߺһӣ¶뷶Сţ
ˣ̳ߺھ¥֮УкСǰĵһ
ߺʱѾԸıԼòҲûмܹ֡
ڸߺڵ㣬ûдĵȥΪһ㣬Ͼʱ䲻ˡ
Ȼ½˵ʱֻǹ֮ãԸߺǶȹ˲ˡ
ˣѾԼ뿪½೤ʱˣڸߺİŵȻǸܡ
磬һҪңߺҪ˱Ⱦƣôһߺм
ѲǾɲİ֮һ
Ӧһ£ǾϢߺĸոҪкĳȴøߺӲֹסԼĶ
ֻĺ棬һŮ˵Ůˡ
֣趼ϼ֣϶ǴССӣСӣСССӡ
һСɽһ˶ĶӶ˫ִֵֶСˣƤϣһȹһ
һ˫۾ʵڿǲ۾ˣΪˡ
Ϻ꣬Ǻܴ֣ܳĻܹһƬ


791 
λŮӵʱ򣬸ߺڴкʱһֻ־ţŴ죬֮о͸ожƵģҪкĵĿ־øߺҷ
ԼһͻᱻǸŮӴԼôأߺûŰ
й죬鶼ܹıˣֱߺоԼѾľˣڿʼתԼ壬ϰֲ䡣
вϵ߶͵ʶû뵽ôʱûм棬һĿζȻôˡ
ߺ۹ԱߵĵƳȥʱںȾأǸŮӡŮүǵҲɵ¿ȥ
ĵһۣ͸оԼ˵ˡ
ߺСӣҪԼ磬ҪҶⰲŵһɣһǻþһǵģû
вϵ߶ȴǱŶ˱Ķ䣬ơ
ߺ΢΢һ̾ˣ˼ҸֵһȻܽƹԼĶ֮УڵԼͲҹ³ˣϧǣҹûгԷ
ڸߺͶȵʱֻʼӵ˳°ȥ
ʶĿǰͷ·ʱ̶Ҫʹȥһ
ߺϿʼˮɫԵò԰ޱȣԭһѾʱԵʧȥԼʶˣֲøոտܵء
ԷȾƶûкȵ֮УֱӴԱѾ֪ˡ
󣬵ŭһ½ʼнⱬ
ߺֱһ⣬ǽסˣӰһ˵ǰһ󣬾ͽˡ
֣ȻұȽ㣬Ͼڶ磬òҪңҵˣҲеϵ΢ѵһ¾ͺˡ
ߺʮֵ䣬һ˿鲨ʱҪһ㡣
˵ͷãҾһӣԵĽѵһ£
漴̧־һ⣬Ѹײڶ֮ѸǸŮķȥٶȿ쵽һ̶վǰľûзӦ
ӦþܹӦҲԲģǵķǸŮˡ
ڵľ޲ܹɱһȻ˿ϰæĻллأôأ
ಡ
Ȼ󣬾ͿʼӦһӿʼӵβǸŮ˶Χ档
ѪƮɢ˳У֮е˶ǰľ󾪴ˡ
Ѿһˣʱ֮ڣû˸ڱ֮ж֣Ҳû˸ڱֳ֮
֣ҿʼͳδ½ʱ򣬾ѾʼˣȻҲбڵӰӡ
Ϊ½֮УĵһǶԷĻѩ䲼ɷҲ᲻Ҳô˳ִȥ
ڱĵһǣԲڱֳԹгȥضĳȥҪͨɽ֣Ҳж
һ֮УרŽԹĳ֮УĵطûгֹΪôԹ
ǸҲһʵĲߣΪ˳ɱһߣǰ˵ҲˣϾ߿۷ڵߡ
ʹǰʣҲҪ滮ڲ֮С
ǣһ󱻳еѲǿˣֱӴеĽƫһߣǸһ
ȻǸΪԴɵġ
Ӧܵ˳ͷǸ߻ԴΪԼأҲѹ֣һֱչǺӾ翪ʼչء
ֱͻƵ߾ųأʱһ꣬ǷǰǲˡߺʱҲûгʮ꣬Ȼ֪ߺˡ
ΪνЩƵĲߣֻҪһѡû뵽ǣʱˣļһǱ֮УΪƤĸ쳾
̧һоͽ֮סˣñִߵݣ֮ĥ
ǸСħͷе˶סһȻǸŮϵĽ⡣
ǲ֪˭Ľ⣬뵱ȻΪԼʵֵ̫͡ˣġ
½֮УǻûпԽʵߣ½֮еʮʼߣȫ˼ұڣ壬֣ңҰԲˡ
ʲôĪİʼ֣߳еĻҲԲЩ֮Ķְɡ
ߺҲûнΪܹоǸŮ˲ûΣգֻϵѪڲϵļٶѣûʵԵ˺Σո̸ˡ
ȴˣ˵ԷеķԼͲֻ֪оǰһĽ֡
סǸŮˣгʮƵĽɣԷܹĿƽⲻ˺ԷǶԷӦǿʲôزˡ
ܣûиоκǿߵϢҲ˵ֻܾһʡ
ʹԷǰʣҲûܹڶԷĹ֮¶ֲܣ½֮ʲôʱָˡ
ֵָĻ½Ҫˣ˵ڶܹ
˵֮еĸ룬쳾նǳǿ󣬶ΪǿߵѪħǷǳǿĴڣǾʵΪеڶƵǿߡ
ʵǲɺӵģǸ붼һĶ֣Ǹ޵Ĵڣĸܵǰδеѹ
̳˼ӣ֮еĲ߽ȶȫ˴˴
һ˵ȺʣȻű׻ⳡ֪೤ʱıݣȻ½б׻Ļ
Щ߶ҪǣһЩ⣬͸оԼ嶼Ҫ챻˺ѿˡ
ҲæɲϣЩһֵ̫ˣ벻ֵÿϧǣǿߣоĲĻǽҲȷǺܿϧġ
ͣµʱ󻯳ɵâʧڿ֮УǸŮҲؼա
˺ΪȥҪǸŮ˵ûС
Ǹʱе˶סˣɵɵĿǸŮ˵ϣһƬĹâ
Ѫÿ°ǸŮ˼гԼӿô˼Ůӡ
ߺǷǱһģʹǶԷʺѪڸסˣߺҲܹġ
Ȼ˶ҿడ˰
󣬲ϵ洫ףȸո˳۶ˣ൱ݰ
ĸְֱΪıķṦΰģҪʥϣһҪǸһｱҪ䲼һƺţǲ߽˵ġ
Լ°ͣ죺ţడ˭Ľ⡭డɵƯ


792 ׼ɽ
һ𣡡ȵḶ́Լ˶ʮӵʱ䣬ߺȻָ뵽Լѣ
ΪߺûԼԭԾûǸߺ
ԭ־¥ϣҸоĺƯŮĿȥ˳۶ˣЦ͵͵˺ǸŮһۣһ
ڸоոҪµĸоˣ¥֪ոձˣ¥ء
ң˻ʶԼмٵתԼʶĸ֮Уһýģ
ħ죬ʥֽڣѲѾͻƵʵȼˣǼʹͻƵʵȼҲȻܻôǿ󰡡
ǳĿ¾ڵԼٿڸ򱶣׼ȷ
ʮ֮ĽȴԷƵĽǻݶѣҪѪһҲûиĲٿܹľȷ
¥ʱ򣬿¥ϾȻ˶˵ĸоô£˵ƽͨĲͨˡ
ͨ˼ʹʶԼҲƲĿŵĺԼ֣Ծ϶ǰ˱ضʲôͨˡ
֮λǡʶ½ʲôʱôλ֡
ߺεҡҡͷԼܵһпռ䶼ˣֻоԼΧĿռһ󲨶ͺһһ㡣
ռ壿ռ幻ǿģѾĲˣ˵
ߺӰһıãԭԼӣЦݹϣž΢Ц
磬ʲôʱģ㲻ͨ󣬽ǵôߺһɲǣ˶סˡ
ûжôļϾȻԸߺ˲ʱ䣬½棬Ҳֻʱ䡣
ڰ˵ʱҲָֻ֮䣬ûκεķӦ
˵ʱֻһգ۾͹ȥˣ֮УȥڣҲֻһζѡ
ֻ֪ߺȥһʱգͻأĿߺȻˡ
𾪵ǸߺиߺԱߵǸˣվɢϢվͬһһ㣬ովĹˡ
һ߾ԲͬǼ繥ܹжһеϢվȺ֮оֱܹ
οǸиˣһһԱֳʡ
ͺǸߺһһǺ֮䣬зǳǿıǸߺƣߺ֮ͿԱһĳǳء
Ȼ粻ͬȻҲ᲻ͬڼ֮Уߺ֮䵹ǿԱһĳǳء½֮УǿԱһ
һ£λǵ𡭡㵭𼤶ҿҪһеǰòãȻ½漣ǡҲɣ
ߺոտһͷðŵȥֲһеƣߺľսǵߺսܹƣߺ²Լ᲻䰡
Ǿһ˿ȻԼżһ㣬½󲿷˵ȫ
һڷӦˣż񣬸Ҷаɣ㾭˼٣ʵһ˼ĵزˣҺ֪㻹٣
žһ˷ܵı飬ߺȻǣܱȰŰðɣߺʶǸҲһʱˣԲһŰˡ
СҿԺٸ˵ɣ磬ҪؼңҪҪһȥأ
ߺæϣæ֮˵һɣҲɣΪߺҪص֮С
ڸߺһЩӶĺöʥ֮Ѫʲôģң԰Լļʵ
˵Լܾûˣ뵽һ£Ծܾˣߺûǿ󣬵֮תžˡ
һ·ϣߺѯһ¾ոյô£ΪʲôǸŮ˻׷š
ߺʮֵΣ˵ΣӦ˵ǳ׵ˡ
·ʱ򣬿һ״׳˶ĴƼС
ǸΪҲǺ۷ľ磬һܹﲻߡ
ԣĽ׵ˣǸ󺺺Ȼ˵ԼŮˣǼҪǿŮһڽɪɪ
Է֮󣬵Ȼϳ½ķô򲻷š
˵˰ߺˣԭľˣȴײ֮¾һŮåһ
ߺһû뵽ôϲ绯ôѪľվȻھϡ
һ·ϣߺ˵˺ܶ࣬ڰ֮ϵȽףе½ʱ졣
Ȼл˵ΪߺǲԩҵٴPKȻ󱻶ԷŰһ
ԭʵ滹ôľ磬ΪֲǣߺѾˣ˵ԭ½̫Ѿսһ
ոߺԼĻ˵뵥𶷵һ൱׸ߺˣԲ˵󻰵ģҲ˵ߺѾﵽ˽ȼˡ
֪ߺûбأǴڵԼߺĲԽԽˡ
ߺ˳㻹һЩڰ˲飬Ȼǽ˱ȽϺһЩˡ
ټϣ֮ǰľܵ˲ʵĴУ᲻Źء
ص˱ڣﻹһı䣬ڸߺ֮ǰȸӦߺڵľǸߺķ
ڸߺķ۸ߺôǿ󣬶ܹܵߺĴڣϾǸߺ֮еһ
ߺ½ʱڱ֮ڵĺ̶Ȼ֮ͱǿҵĺһߺһģһ˳ڰС
֮ڵеӣĿһĻǽҲʱˣڼȻ֪֮ڣеһߺķ
ңǳǿ󣬾˵룬ҲߺĳӣҲƲǸĶ֡
ǸȴûгֹһЩոսڵĵӣǲҥ
գ֪ˣԲҥȷ¡
˧ڶŮȻĶֻڱɽ֮ϵǼλò绨̣Ǵͷ
ķӦǵչصĴ֣һʺȻա
Ŀľ棬֮ڵ֪ǽأĽأ˭Ҵ룬һøú³
Ϊסļˣ߽ɣ֥룬նСͷڴʼ߸ߺ˼ά֪
λòɵŮӣվڿУŸߺӣһ˿ԣϧǶ֪˲ǸߺֻǸߺһ
Щ꣬ûм˼ߺķ֣쳾գʱȥ̷²Ÿߺķ


793 
ĸ״ˣ˵׵ķôˣΪʲôķӦǲ½ʲôˣٵ޵ѯʵ
ޣ˾ͽ̣ӯӯǷǳˣǵϺûκεĺۼǡ
Ҳ֪ԼĶΪʲôô˵ΪһΪԼԽԼĸףԼĸ׵Ŀꡣ
СһֱԼĸߺҽԼĸ׵Ŀ꣬Ϊں̵ܶʱ֮ʣٶǳˡ
ǣǸʱĸߺѾȥһˣҲֻҸߺķĿ꣬սߺķ
ֻҪٵĻܸߺķԼʵһߺ޼
벻ϵļ֣쳾СһﲻϵԱͼӴףߺķڴӦˡ
죬е֪ﶼȥˣǶҪ֪ߺײ١
ǣû뵽ߺķֻһУȫסˣ١
ٱСûжԸߺķʲôӰ졣
Ҳ֤ˣߺķҲгԽʵʵǰձʵġ
ǸߺطģȻߺطѾûдˣǣиߺʮ֮һʵ
ȴûӵ磬Ҳ˵ڸߺ籾Դ֮֮£иߺʮ֮һ
ʹҲеֿһ½һ֮ǰ½ҲֻǼµʱѣߺҲʥߡ
ʥߣҲƲǸߺ߷Ķ֣οһССİأ߻ûдﵽʥм仹и۽׵Ĳࡣ
ʱߺѾﵽ漶ˣ͸ˡ
½ϻʲôܹߺĿһˣ˵Ѫɺ
ڵ˶鵱ȻʮֵĹעˣһĳߺķԸ˵飬ô½ĸ־ͻ᳹׵ĸı䡣
ȻߺķſңңĹ˹֣ӭ
һ仰ͬһ˵У˼ʹ𾪣ϲãΪҪһŻߺû뵽ߺˡ
ȳߺ쳾СһСһŹ࣬Ȼûг١
ڸߺҲǱյĸߺˣȻܹԼӲǳˣǳǿ󣬵˵ǱĻ˵ڵĸߺҪǿ
ߺǱҲǷǳǿģ߹ߺ򣬺ǱԵõĻɾҲʱ⡣
ô˵ԼҵСһǷǱѰˡ
ǿվ۷Ĵڣõ˵߸ߺ֮гɾ͵𣬾Բʮ
治֪ͶˣʮûгһѾģǿֲĳɹʿ֪ˡ
Сһߺкºͣûڵʱֱĸо
֪ˣǿпͶ̥ģͶ̥֮ǿߣǰûһ˿һĹϵˣһȫµˡ
ȻҲ̳ǰ˸ȫǲͬģ˵ȫͬˡ
СһСһԼԼϸȥߺıЦ棬Ǳһ˿һᾪȵԼ°ͶҪˡ
Ҫ֪ߺǵǰû¶ôܰЦݣ˵ܰЦˣЦûС
ǳ֪ߺǿ飬Ų֮⣬Ըߺͺ֪ߺǲ֮е˶֪
Ȼǿߺص½뵥Щ̸Ȼˡ
ף뼤ĿŸߺڵĸѾģˣ˧Ȼһߺа˷ֵơ
ڵĸߺôᣬĻ͸Ĳӣֵܸһ㡣
̼Ĵڣ˵ֵܣҲš
ֻǣ𼶵ľͲһˣ˵ߺѾ˶꣬ߺڵ֮жȹʱҲġ
ߺԼӵļĺοԼĶĳɾ͡
ȻΪûгʣǣΪסԵʣټϸߺȹǶʱ䣬ڸҲûжѡ
漴ߺԼĸĸ߽ɷЦĺϲ£죬ȻԼǸ龫ֵá
۹ȷǺܸߣڻûҵʵѣøߺ΢΢Щģһﲻȡɡ
ԼûôĻÿʣҲǹ龫ֶֶ֣Ůڸļɹ
붼ԼùͷʹˣǴ󱲣ȴЩԼô飬ԼÿζԼùܵβ
ڿߺ뵽ոշ飬ж޵ί˵ϰ֣ܹıваüֱ̫鷳ˣ
ѩûκεı仯ͬߺߵʱı飬Ǵζǰ˺ĴĺܴȻıˡ
ôĿʹߺҲֻ˹֣ĽһүͻȥǱˡ
ŪĸߺͦģһĲ֪ʲôضô˵ԼҲĶ˰Ȼ̬
󣬾ĸԹĺ֪ˣߺӲͷƤǵǰϾôûˡ
ֻ˾ͽץסߺĶ䣺㲻˵ȥǿôھͻˣǲֻѡ
ߺ֮һ·ɢˣֻѣߺһ⼸֪Լ鷳ˡ
ȻǸߺĹˣԼĸǻԼûȥ磬ǱұСMMˣȥصĴ½黨ǲˡ
Ҫ֪ߺΪʮ꣬źһ𣬲˸ߺĵһӡ
ڸߺ֮£ŮڡûһţǻɵĿ⿴Ÿߺ
ߺһתðɣǲµĵǲһŮˣȴȥ֮ǰҵģΪһЩԭ򡭡
һӣ㽫˳ôĳ㣬ֻ֮ǰȵͬľǣɫɺ䣬Ÿߺôһ˿޵ζ
⼸Ů˱ڳԴף֣ȴľˣѲΪߺǿн֮ġ
С衭ڸߺϵСһ۾һĽе
˾ͽŮɫն⻰˼Ѳ֪ǲ֪ˣ
Сһһ᣺ˣϹͷҪˣ
տɰһͷãһ˵©ˣ
СһôѧѧҺʵ֪裬Ժҳͷǣ˾ͽ̺˵
Ҳ˼ͷʵ׵Ҳ֪ΪҪССÿֳû˵
СܣСã˫̥̥ǸӼ군ˣ군ˡ˾ͽŮ˵


794 ߺľ
⼸ŮҪҸߺ˵ʱȴ˵ˣߺڷҳǾŹģ
ڵΪȴøߺͫһո屬Լƣ漶ˡ
ôô죿ߺɫ֪һֱԼĻԹޣǣ׵ǣΪʲôܹԼ֮ж硣
ңҲһֱѰ壬⵽ĸߺĲ²⣬ǰǲʲô֣ݾԲܵ͡
ͨߺѾĿ֮Ȼ𼶣һʣһֱѰҵͨأ
ĺ֣ǰʲôǲͻ漶֮Ѿһӡأߺûˡ
֪ǶԷľǰļ䣬ô彫ˣҪǣƾֲֶΣа취Լ֮е
ߺԼСһĺܵģǰĴڣԼġԸߺôкأ
ڸߺϵСһﲻ촽ϵĶֻ̫Сߺˡ
٣ССãǵĸ簡ϴκǸ
ǵĴ㣬ߺߣǸĶ磬ҿǵĴŶ
ʼ̸Ǵ󲿷ֶģֻǲ֪ǣվǰ֡
һ漶һ̼ǵĴôأ
ߺ϶кߣ漴˵ɫˣǽţǲײĽ֮ɫһ
ߺҲǽţֻǽŵĿԼϵĶŮϣĸоԶ׼
øߺʧǣСһ޹Ĵ۾һգһգĻഫ
ôоССûƵģҲûлػ
ܵܣҲоôСһûŵأϢˣ
ţͬ˵ԣҲͬ⣬Ǹ磬ԺҸˣ쳾ˣԺҾͽи磬ߺߡ

СһĻභ죬ߺûȥˣɫҲԽԽܹγˮ
壬û뵽ôģȻ˵⣬ߺȻ˵ȥˣΪϾǴԼĴȻҪⲻԼϣԼҲдġ
ԷҲһֱûнӵʵ֮ġ
ǣߺлܲסеĺԽԽʢѾʵĳ̶ˣе˶˵ϵСһﶼࡣ
߰ɣӽտʼκεĹϵ㶼ҸߺκεĹϵߺлסԼǱŭϢ
ϣ½ΪԼ𣬸ߺϢȫǾ½ܳסƣֱӱġ
֮ߺ㵽ôˣոյϢ㱬𣿡ߺոջԼƣеĿռȻ˺ˣһӰ˳
ǵɣ½֮УܹһһյĺһƵģûмˡ
˵½֮Уֻнһ˶ѡ
ˣʵ̫ͣ޷оոǺǱƣֻܵһĺ䣬ͻָˡ
׷ʲôˣΪʲôϸе˷ŭѲҪħһٵ磿ǺЦЦ˵
ߺԼ۾ĺһϿյĿߺȫսȥеһϢҿڳΪ͡
𡭡ߺķܹܵߺ飬кܴĲһͬŭһȴҪ뽫涼ķŭо
ߺ³һ˲⣬⻹ǸߺѹƵĽǲѹƵĻ򶼻ᱻ⺮룬˲⡣
û£磬һ£ߺоԼźܴ𶯣һĻ㱣·Ҫһҡڲ
뼲Լ⿴ǿ󣬵ȴޱȴĸ׷ס
Ȼ֪ߺʲô飬ǿԿ϶ǣߺһܵ˺صĴ
ҲˣҲܸĿƣҲиĴڣҲԼۡ
ãʲô˵һͺˣƾĹϵ˵ʲô벻ģҪĻֱӺսһҲ֪ϴսûôԼȫʵ
ߺûʹԼȫѹУˣţߺҲԼûнȫʩչ
ʥ֮ǿԶô򵥵ģʥһ֮ǿıҲûӵбʥǿıˡ
ǿñʥף˵֮Ϊصɳ
ɳ֮ʥƷʡ
ʥܣԶֹϴοô򵥣ͬߺҲӵһʥ˿Ⱦ˵ǿһݡ
ߺԵת壬֪ߺе뷨ڸߺתʱǰŽ˹֡
Ǳķǰ֮һ϶λŮӿͨߺķ˵
ıǸߺ˵ľǸߺôһ˿ʾǵڶ˸ߺ档
ҲоڵĸߺϵĵСƣƵġ
ӵ½籾Դ֮һ籾Դ֮Ľ˵Ǿ֮Ͷѡ
ֳ־նٽ죬񷣬һ֮£飬֮󣬸оһ翵Ŀնһ㡣
һӴˮϴˢ硣
ưܲ磬ΪһЩȴЩǿڣľ½ʼưܵˡ
ͬ⽨һΪһ˵ľߣȷʹɥǸߵȴ޶ġ
ͨͨνգֻû籾ԴĶλ޷γͨģ
ߺ˵ͷҲãҵ磬ܹͨǸ˳˵磬òҪȥˣ
뿴Ǹ磬б˵ľ⣺ҸоӦȥһΣΣһҪȥһΣ
ȥǸط쳾жпҪȥǸ
ԹȥҵɣǲܵκεΣգһܹƽ̼
ףҲҪıܵıҶôĶôŬôʣȴоԼ븸ԽԽԶҪ㣬Ҫ㣬ֻ㱣ҡ
һΥߺԸеʹڶǰôƵĻߺеĳһ֮ˡ


795 
ߺͻȻһָоǾԼˣҴķǳףԼһֱΪԼĶԼһҪá
ǣԼСŮˣߺڸܵˣıȷģȻһֱƽգǣԶûԼıԼİȫĶࡣ
ߺԿ϶СǿһЩҲΪ漶ʱͱ
зʱ򣬴ͻԼĺȥѧУΪһļܣֻܸõıԼ
ðɣҴӦˣߺոճڣ͸оһָֻԼĶ䣬Ȼס
ߺ֪ޣϾĶӣޣŮһռԼĶ䣬һԼ⴦ݺݵһš
˰ɣԼĶӶһ磬Լ֪磬ҿڱĵطԴɵˣ
ߺεԼ⼸ӵŰԾǲһ仰
նǵȻҲСǣ̫龫ˣǵĸȥ紳һɣ֣鷳չˣ
ߺȻһԽԼĶŮȫǲ˳ȥһ¿ŭ
ŮߺĸĸõȶҸߺ鷳ˣӽˣߺһķš
ǽô˵ûãѾһҪ⼸Сһһȥһ£ĥһɴĥ³÷ԿຮΪߣѾ֮ˣûľ񣬾һĥ֮ôܳɴ󻹲Ҫӹµһ
ߺɺȷҲԣֻ⼸ӳɳյŮ˵ȴǺѽܡ
ߺ̬ôᶨҲֻ֪ҪǸߺģǾԲܹĵģԼҲԲԾܾԼĶȥ׷ѰԼĵ·
ֻ쳾պûҪȥĴ㰡һͲΪΪˣԼϰɽ˵Ժ󴦴Ҫܵѹ
뵽ԺԼĴСһﶼ޳ˣĿŸߺߵŮ
λ裬ǿڻôСôԳȥأ˻ˣǺôأ
ߺЦһҸ׼ܹΣѵʱڱסǼһʱ䣬֣һ֮¿ʼͨɣ
Ͱ죬ڴмһԼո׼˰죬ڿ֮·ڣȴԼˡ
ߺûйԷأӰһչԭʧˣʧӰ٣֮ڵĸ߲Աʧһɶ
ֻڱ֮˸ߺߺһ˵رڣеĵӶʹûиߺء
ΪѡˣһƷڶҳϣſʣôʡ
ǿھԼļңԲᷴѣ֮ڣȻ̵ܽӺҲǳζ
ߺʱͬߺȻʵǿǣȴڹҪִߣֻǳ˴

ߺҪһĹ򣬾ǽ뵽Լԭ֮УȻߺ½֮УԭڵʱǴڵġ
½һ꣬ԭ֮оһ֮ãʱ㹻ߺˡ
Ȼԭ˵˲ֹ򱶣ȴûԭô
ο⼫籾Դ֮ͱһεļ֮ˣκҪиߺ˦ִƹֱȫи˸ߺ
ľصȫڸߺˣԭ֪˶ٱ
ߺʼԼ֮е籾Դ֮һһֵһʼڸߺ֮С
Խ࣬ߺԽӵķ֣ЩıԴ֮ͲԼС
ͨμ֮ļ䣬ߺ֪һЩ飬Ǿڼ֮ʱûнȥȫջ
ǵ˫ͷ˵ؾڼ֮ģֻΪµһս衪ͷȮԴˡ
ٴδ˫ͷˣȻ˵˫ͷˡ
ģмʨأֻԴЩѱ֮󣬲Ǳռ죬Ǳһռ죬ռĪڵ˫ͷһ塣
ģһʱҪȥˣʮʱ򣬸ߺѾӽһ籾Դ֮
ҽһ󲿷ȫС֮УսǴԼȥַЩռ֮ͽԼ֮֮
һƬѪȷ磬е˶֪һεļ֮ױöôǿˣֻԽԽ籾Դ֮Էռ
ңַ̣ɱϣֻҪ˳ǾͱҪֲߺı֣׳Ϊߺū
˳ӵģֻб׵ɱȫɢ
ģԭֻǸߺоԾĵطСսǳ׵һ˿Ը⣬ͳ׵Ľ֮
СͷȮĴУڸߺ½ʱҲһֱԭѾĴˡ
һʱ䣬Ըߺ˵գۼ͵ˣʱնҲٵ
ڣѾˣڵΪ漶ڵΪ쳾ʥ۷Ϊ
СһҲڸߺԭ֮棬ԭ֮мɹ
ߺ֣֮ԭ֮УıɽưˣҪһЩ̸𱣻Сһ˵СһѾõ֮ˡ
ڸߺǰͲСһϽأֻǽ뵽½ѾǲˣΪ½ķѾ⼸˵Ĵˡ
һУֽڳɹĽΪʥˣֻΪֹоԼǱѾˣǲĻ˵ֻܹ뵽漶ˡ
츳ҲǷǳģҲѾΪʥߣڵѡ뿪ߺȥĥ
Խѡ֮нĥֽڱȽȶЦĶԸߺ˵أ϶֮еʥûҵæˣ
֣ҲһȥˣҲȥѰҸߺ֮еʥˣŪĸߺһΪͿԼĲƲ
ЩǸߺҪģڵĸߺѾʵļ֮ˣһߺĶͷϳһĿ
ۣ֮ڣѾȫȫˣǽҲҵĶ֣ţν죬Ҷһս֮
ߺбâͬʵʵĺâԭĿռ䶼ȫסˣûһ˿϶
ҸǱԱס̵Ĺ֮»ֻܹ
СһٶҲǲѾٵߺǰߺһЦħ죬ͬħ


796 
ߺĵۣ֮ڿƵѾ뻯ˣܹˣһܹ͵Է֮УһΣʱ̣ͻԻԵС
Ȼоʱֵ֮Ǹߺֲ֮ڵĵ֮۵ķ򣬾ͻȫɢȫɢɾ
ߺԭ½ͨ򿪣һԵͨ½˵꣬ȫԽߺļ֮С
ֻҪĿԼ뿪ԼԼһ½
𿴵֮ͨʮֵĲԸ⣬ն֮սĹ涨˵Բܹκһ磬½ʲô֮ͨġ
ǣڵĽҲֻǰķԶѣ֪ܹͨģҲֻк칬֮ʵĴڣſԵ˼ͨ
ûа취ͨԭһ˵˼棬һͨͨߺԼ̤֮·
Ů˻𣬸ߺֻοĿһģԼĶӣСһģ쳾գ΢΢ǡ
磬֮սľļ֮һҽԼĶȸǲȥˣϣǲҪʧŶ
֣⼸ĶŮȫˣϣΣյʱ򣬰һѣߺã¾ͻԹȥݷõģ
ͨŵĽһģˣʲô°Լˣûˣôΰ
ͨҪرյʱɫȻһ䣬ڸߺ棬Ȼֳһ޴ͨߺûзӦ
һӰӿٵĴӸߺ߹ߺͫһͬʵʵĹâȥǷʱնסˡ
ߺѾʱİռķȻܹʱգԼ֮кٻˡ
Լ֮ΪǿˣңߺʼٵںϹһμ֮ļ䡣
ǣǸӰӺΪȫȻʱķߺֻ۷ʱ壬Էʱ䷨
Ϊ֮ж޵еĴڣӵʱ䷨򣬿ʱֹͣʱ⵹
ˣȴǸߺϣǸˣΪ˾
Ȼֻһɲǣߺǿ˶Էݣӵ־˫ò֮⣬ϵϢߺܿ϶
һǿҲֻһѣʱǺѴﵽģܹ﷨Ǿʹ˿ԴԽʱĲ࣬ȥԿһδ
ߺʱ֮ס𣬵вʱ䷨˲ˣߺһĺŮ̫ˣԼԭֻ뽫ڵĺ˫ɯȳڿ
ԷѾԼһʱ䷨ˣѲԼ׷ϲ϶ԷߺһŨصĴܸС
Է俴ȥԱԼСֻԷǱԼò٣Լֻǵõ˼֮ĴУԷһת
𿴣ֻһΪȼ֮ȴǲ˺üĲһ̾һ޷һҲֻܹ
ڸߺʱĲûпƺصıߺӦˡ
ϵҪҰҿ׶Ӱ
Ҳ׹Ůԭ費Ƕˣˣ
ߺ۾һֽ˺ߺԶǣ廳Լ
ǣߺĶһ㣬ѾͨǸͨͨҲٵʧڸߺǰ
ߺ˫ۺҪһ˫ȭֱ죬ϵף˵Ķ֮ը졣
һȭȭոͨʧĵطһƬƬǿձ飬һССĺڶӿпʼΡ
ɶ𡭡ݣѽߺϿһʼӸߺбȥĵطޱȱһƬ
ʮ֮ڵǿնûӳѵĲҿߺм̵Ÿߺļһ˻ڱԭ֮С
˵жıֱɫףû뵽ڵĸߺȻӵôǿʵˡ
һŭһƬƬǿձ⣬ǶôǿڸߺԻٵһϵ
Ȼǲôˣֻ֮Уܹ̾ӵлһϵģûм
û뵽ڵĺȻô£ֱһոǷ𣿺ܵʱ˶ʱܹͣͣʱģⲻ𣿡
߽˷ܵ˫ðСǣԼӴԼľϲʵ̫ˣڵıѱΪ½ĵһһˡ
ߺ磬߽ɲ֪ǰԼˣС涼Ǹߺ磬ߺǾǾԵģΨһ
ߺйţȻƣһͷҫĴУŲȽһȴǱֻˡ
ӷʩôǿӦ;֮ϣӦýܵȫƻ֪һЩسɷҷ𣬿ɱ
˵ƽȵģܹɱĿˡöһƽš
ߺ˫֮к䣬ĿੲݵļһѾƽϢµŭȻʢڶ
һȻŶȻԼߺɱԽԽŨء
˵˵Ƕߺɫ䣬䳹ǡ
֮еķҷԵΪҵһ½գǱ޷𡭡
Ǻгڣһdֽӡѳߺӡȥ
ߺ꾹ȻеʮֵʣͬʱЩҪԼֲ꣬ԼС
Щͺ¿ҵĿ꣬ãµĵһǻʹɺӣһҵĿݣһܰ
Ǹ˵ϱһɫĹâĿǸߺ
ߺǿʼһ˿аЦʼڸߺϣɴЦЦ
һȻңһỌֻ̇̄ǿ֪˭ߺбЦţеʼٵۡ
һĺӸߺϱ񷡣
ħ
Ŷԭ
ĳƺĺܲͬ˵ߺħ˵ߺøߺЩ
ħҲãҲգӵģøϸƷܾ߰ûгǵѪˣ
ߺЦı󣬿ʼʼ֣һ򣬾ʮ꣬ߺļѾͳһĲˣ
ſƮһĿֲɫ䡣
ԵΪʲôǼ궼ûпŵ˰
ߺûиʲôᣬֱԼһˣȻ֮֮Уʰ


797 ֮ͨ·
һ磬ַ򣬾Ǻȵ̣ٻܵӰ졣
ûⷽĵֿطҲԻᱻǽ̻ȻǵĶ֡
ֻǶħ֮еĶħħ֮еħڵˣǷһĴڡ
ڣܹշ˸ߺοСˡ
ߺȻ֮Ϣ֮еϢȫ෴
ǵ˵ĻʹſֲĥܣЦ޵ȡ
ȫ뷴Ĵ˵ʱһаľۼأһľۼء
ȻҲ˵ʲôа񲢲˵˵ģʵжʾģһ˵ڳɳǵġ
Ǹߺְ·ҵĵ֮͸ˣǴ翪ʼеġ
˼磬ͺкһҲҲа
ߺӿʼ䣬ͿʼĥԼľѾǲˣʲôҲԲԵúܾȣҲԲܵνаӰ졣
ߺֻᣬԼоԼǶԵģȥԼôͲȥôôΪΪ
ڼǿ֮Уߺһž޴ĺϣǺĺɵöѻɵġ
ž޴ӣʮɣȫһž޴ĴһߺȻø߶ʮɣʶ֮ߺĵĿҲڶͷ֮ϡ
ߺеˣԴԼ籾Դ֮ȫ֮Լĵ֮۾ȻԶˣҲջȥˡ
֮еǸȻڣֻڴˮɫͬߺͷųĺɫ
õĿնУɢɺĹâľս
ߺ˫֮еͫףҲڷ˱仯ɫĹâֻҪߺѹƵĻһۣͿһ漶⡣
ڼ֮УߺĻеκһϽԲǸߺһĶ֣ᱻ֮ѹ
ǣԷӵ𼶵֮ѹȣܹԼһƬµ档
ģ˹سһû¸ɵģ֮Ϊģͻר־Լ˷ڴϡ
ߺ֪ħ˭ģܹģǸ˵һǳǿ
ֻû֪ôֵģҲû˼
ǹ֮浮֮󣬾µ־£гɡ
˵ߺԼԵɵģ֮ĵ£ԼʵһֵַĻȥġ
Ҳǵ֮иΪǿһЩ꣬Ǳκһǿ
ߣôϹָ㣬еĻ;Բܻġ
һ㣬ǹĴڣΪǰ϶飬ߵȣҪԵǱϢ
к̵ܶĴڣΪͻ𣬾˳ıչأڱչ֮Уþˣֻһ³
ߺ¶һ˿аЦԼǰǸС
ôǲҪһҪȻңһҪ̻ôڲ˵ˣߺԽ˵Խ䣬һԽԽĺ
ߺţһ˿ĺ䣬ЩԭɵãȴǲϵйƮš
ǺתŭԹޱȱȽǣ̼Ǽᶨķġ
Ƶ֮УΪԼᶨѾ˺ʲôоˣҲǲʲôҡʲôġ
գߺѵΪǷһΣҪķõȻǷǳķˣžǸߺ뵽ǷҲġ
һļ֮Ϊ֮㲻ԴǵѣܽĶ֮սǺҪмֻҪŹҵȣҾ;Ϊѣ
ǸνµһǻʹȻдʵ˵ţͼ˵ߺܹŹǣ󣬽İȫó˵ˡ
Աߵķվڽ֮ϣķԽԽߺĵֱ̫ǿˣζʦǸֻԭ֮еķܹȫǵľ
ΪΪħ𣿡ߺҲϻֱ룬ֱ⡣
ˣǰһﻹͦģ˵
ʵõģԼǰɣͬ½磬ԱǸл˵һ㡣
Ȼ֮Ҳһ鲻˽ƣӽŮɫǿҲϷǡ
ǣǰһⷽƵĺܺãҲǰװװƣڿɺˣװײ˼ҴͷˣϣĲװƣװûǸߺֵܷ֡
ԱߵǸνĵһǻʹͱȽ޳ˣҪģ֮Ҹ˼ȻװװƣȻӵİ
лǿҪԺ֣û뵽ûһž˸ߺ
ߺôǿ󣬶˼䣬Ҫ̻ͷ˼仹ʲôܹʲôõ硣
һĻʹԷԼ࣬طҲԲԼĶ֡
ĺܺãķչҲûȷ
ǿ̸뽫ߺΪã˿ӵĴڣû뵽˼ҾȻһоͽոˣֻǽԼͷųԼͱ˽ȥ
ֱҵĽˣҪı䶼ı䲻ˡ
ڵ˼ǴͬģڴӦ磬˵ⲻǳԱŵûºˣԼȥˡ
ôܽ磬ǼȻа취˼䣬Ȼа취˼ɣߺ䵭޸˵
ߺǰһ£ǵȷа취½磬ʱ򣬷նװƣȻһζĴսʱΪȷ棬ħսԣ罫ӡӳˣܹǵļλ֮ͨһͨͨͺˣ
ߺԽɫԽӵں޲ȥ磬鶼˵磬һһֱøߺӵĵˡ
ǿ󣬲ԼԱģǲͷŵĻ¸ߺȫǶԷĶ֡
֮ͨ·㼯ڷ̣նʣߺĬĬ߶һμ֮֮еϢ
йν֮ͨ·Ϣߺ֪ҪǾͱҪμӰһεģ󼯻ᡣ


798 ǿƼ
һϢǽ֮УһӦøоңߺϳһǳõЦݡ
ǻʹǸɫȴȻһ䣬߶߶ѵʶûܣԲܣûܺʶ֮󻹲ģұѾʧˣѾˣ
ߺû˵һһɫȪˮǿ֮Уϴˢÿһ֮Ʈꡣ
Ȼ䷢֣˻Ȫˮϴˢ꣬涼ʼһͬʵԵ塣
ǹֻ꣬꣬Ȼرʺ֮棬֮еķҲرϡ
ֻ겻Ƿǳǿ󣬸ߺ֪궼ҪȪ֮죬ǿ˵ȶ
Ȫ֮ˮɻ壬ɹתɹޣǿĹǵ֮еز
ߺѾȪˣҽ֮۳˴ԼɣɵȪˮ
ǻȪ֮УһԭԱߣͨ½֮ͨǰ
ֻҪ˼ͨͨͻ뵽Ȫ֮У壬ΪĹ
һ˵ת֮˵ǾԲܵģֻжȴûת
ĻҲջߵľͷɢڿ֮Уӿռ֮е
Ȫ֮ڵһЩͱߺڵ֮УΪԼˡ
Сӣʲô𣿡һﻹڻɣߺ˵ĵǲģǸǲǻĴأ
ڻȪ֮УһӰгǹ⻬˳ǹ֮¶âˡ
ϸ磬ָĲߺĿһ۹壬΢΢Щ졣
ǹʸߺܹܵģǳļӲߺţԼȫһҲδܹʲôӰ졣
û£ֻ˵ǰʱ򱻳ǱѪʳǣƤԲֵ´ܾûгζˣ͡
ߺ˳һָ˳ۿȥŶԭһһͺ¿Ϊʲôûνأ
ˣߺͷĲǺֻһ칬ž˺ͺ¿
Ǿһ칬ˣ칬֮˵͸ˣǳϸ壬Ǿ׽ĸоţ̫ˣ
Ц񲻻ĿԱߵУ꣬ȻȲЩԳ˵αӣǣô˵ҲһǧûгߣǽˣһúƷģ
ˣҰײҰ׵ģûһ˿Ѫɫһ˿ûˡ
ߺŲǵأǸߺΪûǵĸߣ˵ڵĸߺѾһãܵ³ˡ
ڹҪ»Ȫʱ򣬸ߺ˵ˣϸ磬Ҫȥ磬ֻҪǼͽܵİæ˵顣
ҡҡͷ飬ȻҲ԰æǣǾҪԼȥˡӲŲǼСӣҪǿһСӣͰҽѵһ
ߺĿŹ𣬺͹Ҳһ𲻶̵ʱˣԹҲԵ˽ˡ
˵ԿЦĻǵ˵Ľѵһ£˵ĿĵĻû¡
ǣ˵ѵһµĻǾˣҪǸŪ³
ԭԶô̬ԶǱȱ˶ǲһġ
ߺвϵ˼ϲɫ̽ϸ˵ģǲҪҽǸһ
ӰȻһͣҲ֪ڵһ֮ʱʱһ֮ʱѯʻңǵһεһҲν
ͽܰΪʲôҪôأУԼֲˡߺʵǲ׹
εҡҡͷ黹϶֡ˣ㻹ǲ֪ΪãԺ֪ģСν칬Щڼļһ
ߺȻͷ仰ôôأ׵ĸҲ˵ҲСһЩЩαӡ
ֻչ˵ӵˣǸ칬Ĵʼ˾ȻԼ϶֣Ѳǵһħ԰һħʹôǿҲѹġ
ǵеܣԷǳǿ󣬵ǾѾˣڹĶְ
ȥߺҲ벻һȻֻ÷ˣ׼ʼһȵĵ֡
֮ĵ֮۰ǲأΣҶģţʦҲԲΥߺġ˵ӦǣʱһЩô̫ڵ֮۵ĺô
лϸ磡ߺĵĸл֮۵ǿ󣬸ߺҲǳڸߺѹ֮һ
Էһ仰ʹǼͽԼĵ֮۷׳ֶ̫ˡ
ˣԭҲʹӦ㡭˵࣬˵ˣһʱȱӣһȫʱ֪ˣ
˵꣬˻Ȫ֮УӰ
ߺȻǻǺ֣Լʲô벻ǵԼʲôҪ
ˣС󡭡ߺĺһɵȮڸߺǰͷ­ÿһɷģ·һԼ϶Ѫһ
ߺһûк˵ССһ㣬ôıϰ
СεǾ޴צͷǱǸʱ䶼ս̫Ϥһˣ
ߺεҡҡͷˣɣεĵ֮ۻᣬչӦǼֻΪӡˣ԰ʱӦһҲãñһʲô֮ɣ
Ȼס˹˵飬ԲŹһģʹһһǵһεһҲúõˣһ¶Էġ
һһǵһεһǾͲҪָߺˣϾǹԸġ
ߺӰһչҡֱϣСͬһë֮䣬ȵĿʼ˯
ȥһĵͼߺ׼ˣڼ֮ļ֮ҵ治ôļ򵥣μ䴫͸С
ߺ˼⼫ͽ˷ӡˣߺɳսԼ̣ȥ׷Ѱ䡣
֮ߺǾԲܷģȪ䣬ӵʼʱһԣߺôõεӰֻأ
СŸߺǿ֮УٶȻȸߺһЩҲԲǺ
ҸߺһͽŲ˼֮Уһ֮С
һ𣬸ңңԭλǹϸĸӣҵҪ⼸һ֮Умڹģ


799 ˹
Ļסڻôӵĵط治Ϊһ̹֮ҿ´Īˣ
СŸߺһƬǿ֮деһУǴлԷġ
ߺһСϸпһ;ܵķ羰ȻʮֵȣǶڸߺǲԽܡ
ΨһܽܵǣƬȻѾش֮ˣǰռ֮ļ䣬Ҳڼĵ
һ֮ôлһ˿ϢȪûд⡣
Ȼ˵ѾͶһ֮ȴҲܹ˵֮è塣
Ѿŭ˸ߺĵߣѱûΪԭͲҵˣҲûΪʲôҲûнʲô
ǣѱѱ䣬תȴԭӣ˶ԸԼ
˵ʵڵģһμ֮ûԲ棬ͽȻǹͽܣ֮Ȫ䣬֮еҪ罻ˣͿԿ˵Ρ
Լʦȴ٣ߺôܡ
øߺ޷ǣԼӦôģ֪ΪΣߺȴǸо˳ԹŭֱԼͽܱѵ˸С
ѵֲҵͽħƺҵŭʲôߺʵڲףԼеķߺ޵Ǵðġ
ŭԭϾոߺƢٵĻ쵰Ҳġ
Թޡ֣ţ桭ߺвϵİοԼԼûйϵԹȴֹסĴð
ŪĸߺΪԼ˾֢㱡
һǼ֮ϹļְǡǸһҪȡҵ尡ܰڵʵѾ޵ĽӽǸһˣĴڣҲӲҵĸӦġ
ߺ·϶飬֪ģѾһıԵߺһˡ
ˣʦֶߺЦǺǵĴк
ǰ棬һħȻתԼͬߴɵСһ棬ҰĿԡ
ȻǰĿˣСͷ­ֻ۾Ǹħһ۾ǱȽġ
Сӣ㣿û뵽Ļ˼Ϊ˺һĴڣǡûվڸߺǰǺܶûмĻҵ֮
ڵĻҵ֮ƣԼò׻ָԼȫʵҪȥȥۡ
û뵽ոߵıԵȴԼҵ뼫ѾܶûпŹˣ⼸һֱһ
գֵȥһ
ԣߵּææĴӼıԵ߸
ڣ첻ˣϵˣԭΪȸߺһȴϣûнȥͿһޡ
һμ֮ս衪ͷȮ
Ŀԣҵ֮ʰ·磬Ͼ˼ֻ۾ֱ㶵Ķ㣬˭Щ˼ģο⻹ֻۡ
ⶼص㣬صǸո㱻ǿɶĵͷȮȡԼ˶ǧĳǡ
󣬾ǸߺȻڽʦܣǸߺѾǿһĵزˣǸߺѾƽƽˣҲƽѰ
Сһ͹Լʦֶܣ
ͺ񣬱һԼһᣬԼᣬӦصĽԼһɣ˼͹˶ӡ
Сӣô˵ҲӦýϸ磬Ѿӵˣ㵽ʲô˼˭ʦֶҪ˵ˣǸɴҲȥˣֱһɣ
ҵ֮һѾӽˣѾ˸ԼˣֱҪߺһ
ߺٺЦŴҿǼʦ𡪡ģһʣһ죬һѪһء㣬ţĽֵܣ㲻ſȥʦ𰡣
ӣΪһ𣿡ҵ֮мĿŸߺüëƵĿŸߺ
˸ӣ˭ӣСӣôûнѵˣǲƤˣСӵȷҵĽֵܣô㣬һѵ֮۵ȫСӣʦ˺öҵȫͳȨŶô
Էƴı飬ߺԥĽӰͷųһΣӰ棬йһ֮йϢ
Ϣҵֱ̫֮ϤˣͲỳɡ
ҵ֮氡ʮֵļʦʦ𡭡
ôС˰ɣҲΪʦû۴㣬֮УǿĻҽˣӲҪ̫ΪʦԺһȥġ
̸ĿŸߺ֮ԱӵͽյĻɣһǧ˻ôԼʦ
ҵ֮˵ǰʦǸжڿϷҵȨˣһͽĺÿడء
ߺĿ࣬·Ȼı飺ŶȻǺͽԭĺʦĻҲʦġ
̵ַԣӸߺ˵˳ùܲ˵ǣߺı黹ô档
СӣҪһҵȨ±Ӱɣ±һ䵽ߺС
ʦʦֶҵ֮ɫǺˣз޷޵뵽ôʦôûԼС౲ļһֵܣҪ˵ΪҲðƫƫǸԼͽһ
䣬Ѿ㹻ˣǡ
ߺҲûټƽϣϾѾǶԷòˣߺڳƺҲǺ⣬ֻҪһҵ֮ķӦѡ
ӶԷķӦʦͽĸ黹ǺܲģķӦҲߺ˼
ڸߺǰһֱ־˵̬ȣڿ˻ҵ֮һȴǲͬˡ
縸һĴߺİڸ߽ɵϸߺܵǲٵġ
ΪûжŮǲҵԼĶӿԲֱ顣
ߺŻҽ뵽һ֮Уȶȣ治֪˶򱶣ߺ޶ԡ
ոճ磬Ӱͳ˸ߺǰ
һϴĺɫ棬·Ҫ綼֮һ棬Ϊ׻
һϴŨصֳصĸоߺ΢΢ЩϢĸо
Ǹ͸ߺߵĻһɣȫɢʮʸеĽâǿ壬ߺţԼ׵ĸԷʲô˺
˰ôʦе̫𣿡ȿڵһ֮һģ
ոתҪߺкһεļ֮
ߺ˲ˣʦֶðһʦֶ˰ɣŶŶأʦֶʦֶһŶ
һ˵ȣ


800 ˣ
ߺЦ棬崺ĸǼкǼˣ̿Ƶģһֺڡ
ǵ뷨Ҳùǽǰɣ˵Ҳ԰
ԼЦӴһʦֶĳƺεĽӴҲֵ̫˰ɣѾ˵ֵֵˣϵ⡣
һǽԼӶһɶȰֽɾأֽŻģϸûˡ
֮ʲô˼ΪԼ޵𣿡֮һƢ˵
ڸһĹϵߺѾȻأҪǻĲ磬ȻͬˣǸߺŹ
ߺһЦ˵ıҲʵ㲻Ҳûа취Լǲ޵Ҳ֪϶޵еģ
һԿһ㱧Լļһ߿һ˵ѿɫһ߿ŸߺôӦԼڳĿӡ
Ȼ֪ڿӣȷǶԷһζڳƺĻһᱻӣΪոҲһΡ
εĸߺҲڿӣӹɵģոǱӵĲǳ
ֻ⼸һɲ֪᲻ǣ᲻ὫߺһͬУǾҪĿȥˡ
ǲ޵УԲ֪ˡ˫һɣ̤ߺȥǸɵĸߴħͬһƬһߺƶȥ
ߺҪ׼սģ۾һСĿԱֻ
ţȻ⿴ϷȻϷĻ㲻һ£̫ˣߺб޷޵뵽ѸٵĿڣʦֶҪԸʦ壬㻹ϿæѲʦԸ
͵ЦĻһ㶣ԼָָԼڽ𣿲ɡҡ
ڻѾЦˣˣû뵽ߺô޳ܣڿӾڿӰɣ˾Ϳ˰ɣɣǵýԼС
һ·һ˿УһЦֹĺˣһյʱŷ֣ԼҲһӡ
㡭ҡұ˵һ仰ֻǲϵģҲôˡ
ߺɲԸԸ⣬ɢźɫһӡ
ȻǷŭ뵽Լʦ˵Ļձ˵ҲԼʦ塣
߾ôûмˣʵ˶٣ҵ磬еһжǻҵģеڻ֮Ť
ڻʮɫķͬǹһ㣬ŻңҾͬһڵޡ
ķβסɢܵĿռһɲǼܵǿվԶӦͬΪһĵطȴͬúüͼƴġ
ոߺǰͳ뵽۵Ŀռ֮У֪ȥ
֮Ŀռ䶼˲飬ħٴγڸߺǰ
ң⼸ˣҷô޳ܡҲϵŽ
ߺɫ࣬ոգҵķ򣬽ͳʮľ룬ǸӦ죬ֱӵʮ֮ˣʹһһҹҲ
ҷȻôǿǿиı˿ռλãԶĿռ䣬ǿûˡ
ҲȻֻͻˣǰʱҼǵ㻹ҪĹ⾰أӳʦ֡ɫȻ˿Ϊ⡣
ңиʦ֣ҵĵλڼʦֵ֮λòߡ
Ĵӣʦһ𣬶ʦǺңʦ־ˣСȻǸߺĻˡ
ֻҵʲܹϲʵҲǱȽǿġ
ˣҲĶֻ֣ҪǸһĿڲʦֶҾллˣһӺࡣ
ҪܻңһİȻҵҲùĳ谮
ǣʦֱϾǴʦ֣ҲǻҿԱġ
ߺһɣˣһأôأ
ߺˣСӾȻҴңһ¶ͬһ
С˺ѷεĺţС󳤶Ƥëϴһߺ޵ָŸ
СмĿ˸ߺһۣ룺ǲϴ˰ھˣåҲûôİ
Ҳ̫ǣǿˣԷ嶼ûϰô˺ˣ㻹ȫ¶ۡ
һ𼸸ڵִ֮һôЩˣһֱǸ߸ϣʲôʱɵİҲǵϰ
գôһǵˡ
ҪҽҩѣʧѣʧѡţðɣЩˣߺСţƤһֻ˵ô
漸񣬸ߺԼ߰뵽֮󣬸ߺٴСϺҵķϵĽ
ǰļȫɵˣǴʲôڵ֮ôˣҲûпǰĳ
ߺԷҲ֪ôˣмһûĻ£ɵĶûм
㵽ôˣֻԭнĹ󣬿ǱȸոǹǷöˡ
ҵŴ˼ڣŲԱŲȥ˼ԣҲʶ
̫ˣѹסǼ黹أ٣ѹסһǿİ벽𡪡ʱ
ڰ벽֮жǿĴڣһ𶼲ɵĽ֮ס
ǰʲôһһĴڣһˣԼʶģҪĸոԼʦ塣
ȿȡ֮ҪڿЦˣոǶˣûвǰ
ߺһ¾վɫܹγˮˣ˼ǣҸո˵ˣ㾹Ȼӣ迳㡭
̰ȫһåһһɵå
ߺͬһ㣬ƣôӣ˵ˣǾֻܹѪϴˢˣ԰ɣҡ
Ҫ˳սˣߺһּ˻ҡ
ڵĻĿˣ꣬Ҫʲô鶼Һòã㶪˾Ͷˣʲô°㻹ľǲҪ˰
ؼ㲻ҪҵҪ
ȻߺѾ㳹׵Ľˮˣÿһ仰Żҡ
ȻһԵҺͻһĵ󰡣ֱǲǷС
ǵʲôһƨ𣿷ҲͷˣǼֱ̫ˣֱͲûҵ˿
Ҷֹۿ˵͵ıΪܣǣˣ浱Ҫǽղ˳𣬽վĲΪˡ
棺⵽ңأ


801 
ʵҲΪеģ˭ôǵǰʦ壬ǵҲᱻˣ԰ȥǵĴ
ҵʮֲ˼ţôоǶԷĴأǶԷǵߺԼôù
ţҷֱ׳ˣ⼸ǸߺҪǵҲôùãȻǲҹˣҲˣӸƴˣ
˵ţ첲ߣӣҪǰ壬ŪĶһһ
ߺĿŻңСӵʲôأԼոˮţԷһ£ֱ붯ˡ
϶һҴɱȻԷû·ħߺҪ㶯ֵļ󰡡
ߺԭҲ㶯֣Ȼôʶ࣬ߺҲͲˣСͷСֲѪͷ­˲ŭѪ㹻һʯꡣ
ߺҲûţӰһչСͷϷͣУĿǰˣʮοʼӸߺĺ֡
һΪϢӸߺ֮г׵ıȵϢȫẮǣѸٵһĺ
ּϢĶײû뺮γŭϵڸߺĽ˺ҧš
ǸߺվǺûɵȻ쳣ͣĻڽڰˣ󻯳ĻȻٴα⡣
һ㴮ͨҼ֮еı䣬Ҽȫռ죬֪ߺɫȻı䣬ӸոЦŭɫƽˮ
ǣɫڶԷһ˿ȴǸӵĿֲԭȷߺڿЦڣ֤ԷѾˣҲ˵ԼΪС
ҵɫҲȻߺô棬׼ˣȷ˵ߺȷСϵܣȻԼԸԸ⣬ߺʦ塣
ΣбʦΣȻǾʦ档
ңĴΪУһǶԼСʦܣҲǻ˵
ҲФĿһһۣϹûҵ̬𣿱ûиǣȻҲϣһǵʦ壬ʦ׿˵ġ
һ仰ɲҸһɫԱ䣺˵Ϲĳˣ
⻰һ˵ģո˵ŸоԾĿһո˵Ļͬһǵļ䡣
Ȼ˵Ѿ̣һλãʦǵĶԶܹǡ
ǣһո˵ĻԾԼʦˡ
һ֪ȻԼѾ˵ˣͲپʲôˣЦ棬ǿеĻ涼Ӱ죬ŭ
ϼһľңΣ˭ϼһٳٰŵƿûнǵͽܣǳΪԽôܹأ
һɫѾˣĳѾɥĲĳ̶ϵһϧʦļһߺεҡҡͷ
ԣһҹڷߵҹʦˡߺС˵
ڸߺеöɫУһ˿ʵܲסߺḻ޳ܵĲˣ쵰Сʱħս֮󣬸һ
ߺȻĵ˵ͷŶԭıͱĺǹǿǾջУˣЦѷƣףô£ôЦǲ֮ĹϵⰡҿɾǣʦͽΥ׵µģ
𳤳һСӣĺɱ㣬ġ
磬˼а벽ں㲻ĻҿΣհߺ뵽ϣһ¾뵽˵ϡ
ȻԷѾʱ˵Щһֱʱϵ
ȻϹ˵ûҽϼһ˵ģһεļ֮ʶ̧٣ȻҾԣҲˣҺͼ֮ĹϵһֱܲȻڱңҲϸñҷӡұɱģ籾Դ֮һֱ޷ֻʱѹˣ
Ӱӵһ˲䣬һ֪һжסˣȻͬɰһȫ˳
ԭЩһֱʱһӰӡ
˹ɱ֮ӡңЩֱǵʧķˣҪ֪ʱˡ
һﾹȻİ벽һֱȺԼʦʦѣ˳㻹һͷԼ򵥵ĸøƵĺһųһΣͷ˺ҵ
һеһУԭǰڵ
ΪѾô˰ɣǿϧôһˣȻһ֮ͽɸֵʹĵ
ʵΪ𣬹ʲô취أʷԶʤдģεĴۣһɾ֮λȻҵļƻЩƫǡ޴󰭣
һѾˣȫͻأĺðŻ棬һĻߴϱһһСĻз˳
֮ΧУ֮ͺһɵǿ֮Уеÿһ涼һը
һڸʲôôңҵĽǶ֮д˳
ߺ˫΢΢һУ΢һ֮оȻأ֮еķ֮һȫһ
ķͱһķסǶ֮УԼʮ֧֮š
ǣһԸ˽ʵ̫ˣ⼸֮Уһÿ͸ϣжķվõ͸֮С
ʵͶһûκεĵֵˣ湥֮£忪ʼѸٵڻ󻯳һˮڿ֮
Է籾Դ֮ҲӲĳȡ˳ȻǶ뵽һ֮УһȵϢȻӸߺ֮ȫı
һĻ濪ʼתһ屬ǿҵĻЩ涯ͿԻһ
һȫıĿתĻ֮УĿŸ籾Դ֮
ߺ˽ĸоһĽ޶޵ոǿգԭɢŽĹâȻ󵭵ĿʼΧһСĻ档
֮籾Դ֮յĻǾٻɾͰ벽Ը֮ЩܵȫԽ벽𡪡Ϊ
뾳˽⣬֪Ǹߺ˵Ķٱ
ߺ˫һҾԲǻۣ֮ϸ磬ô죿
ƵĿ˸ߺһۣʱˣԭǲȱģڣҪǽ⿪һμ֮ķӡеĲлͷų


802 벽
ҵǲȱģܰɣһƭңߺһ£̵ķԣвȱһоˡ
ңʻ½ܹΪ̵һݺᣬͬһ
ͬģÿһ̶һ˿˿ΪĿԣڸߺԼôǲлأ
εҡҡͷҲ˵ʲôȫʣܹΪ𣬶ҲǷֲεġܹΪ߶ﲻܹﵽߣسʼ㵮ĴڣܹﵽһأǾϷľ硣
ߺȻĵ˵ͷҵǱܹľ磬񲻾˵ҵȫ꣬ǱԳɾ֮λ
ߺֻЦûп϶Ҳûз񶨡
£ҶߺǰĴڣʦ˵ǱҲܹ
֮Ȼǲǧ֮ѾƵĺѾͬëˡ
֮٣ʮ֮һҲΪֻ֣߳ÿһ췭ظǿձ飬˵Ҳûм˸ŭ߳֡
֮٣سʼôγɵģڣΪ֪Ҳֻʮѡ
ʹϲΪ֪Ҳʮ֮֮һ
ߺûа취֮£ʼ˹Ľ飬ʼԼԺ֮еĺӡ
ǷӡĺȻֻڵĸߺҲǷǵտɱȣ˿һĽӡĽ⿪
Ǹ͸ߺһģһĲлٴγ֣Ǽ֮ꡣ
ǲȱģֲòܹأߺп˵
ʱ򣬹ǸüͻأĳڸߺԺ֮УβŸߺ˵
֮ѣǸһ˳ĺܿģʱˣȻĽпܳΪһƬѪɫǵ˵
ߺûпɫǵıһϳ֣ϢҪǷŵȥĵĺ䶯붯ҡ
ϧڸߺԺ֮зģ˸ߺûʲô˿ߺҲеĵ۵ȥ˵顣
ߺһԹһŹԼ˵Ϊʲô˵ԼأΪǸһﳤĺԼ
һв󣬼֮òչڸߺǰߺ÷ǳƣһģһ
ֻԷϵϢȴǲͬߺǼµĺѾǼµһˣȫȫĺһһܹ
һμ֮֮бĺдյϢȻҲкǸȴֿ
ˮ֮û뵽Ȼӵˮ֮򡭡ߺмȵ𺳡
֪˸ߺ룬һμ֮תŸߺЦ꣬ʱһǧˣֿٴλȥˣҵˡ
˵һ仰һμ֮ӰȻı䣬˵㺮â뵽ߺ֮С
ߺӦûзӦЩâѾߺĻ꺣֮УЩε뵽ߺ֮С
ʵ֮еĸߺȻŭһȦȦӸߺбȥ棬һϢ֮串һ⡣
ߺͷѾȫıɫˣ˫еͫɫá
ԭҼʹ֮֮ʹңֻиߺûм֮
ڼ֮һУչڸߺԺ֮УֻЩģġ
ֻ֪֮ߺǰǲ֮֮еıȫˣ˵صʱ򣬾ͿԺΪһ塣
Լ򵽵ģһеһж꣬Ӧð顣
ߺǰȻ𲻴Ȼܹίйæһֱ֮
֮⣬ߺоԼ֮лһβȱһдϢӡסˣ˫طӡ
⼫ֻܹ֮һַӡһǻû䡣
ȥһΡߺкȻǰ֮ϢߺЩˡ
죬ɷ
У磬˼䣬ߺ˼ĵĵطȻȥˣ֮ҲѾˡ
ߺڹΪһȻҲǲڻˣʣµģҲֻˣҲνɽ硣
򣬸ߺоԼһָоǾԼԲٿʱյһУֻأȵȡ
֮ǰķ򣬲֪ǿ϶ٱߺоһֳڷ
ȻڷĻϣȴС
ͬһȻˮĻϱɵĶȴǲҺ壬ڹ塣
ǵԭոһʹóС͵ĵߺȻ֪
ǣֲܹȫǵΪȻһǱǿģǿݻ
֮Ӧʱһ֮£ǸʱѾԼʹҲл֮ܽʥ
Լ֮Ϊ벽ʱѾ뵽ԼʹˣҲûбҪˡ
øʱһɱԼ˳ֻۣڴԼĲлܹ꣬ȴԼʹȫɵʱ
ǻӰʲôȻһĻ˭ߺϡǵãڼ֮ļ֮УͻҪߺĲлӰ
ʲôס˼֮һأ
û˻شߺһ͸׳ˣںҪҪˡ
ߺûȥר־˽Լ۵ԴӸߺ֮ʮξȻʼһ𼱴նȥ
·ҪΪһƵģʮֵĻңһһ۶ȥһȴַɢ
ߺȻ·һͨһվ֮УȻĿǰĵҲڻ֮еһ
е籾Դ֮ȻܹĳΪ𣬵ҲֻϵĶѣ㻹û򵽵ıԵ
ߺε̾һתȻĻҿȥ
ǽϵĵ֮ͨɣҲΪǣϾǹϸˣԴӽ벽֮󣬸ߺλһӺࡣ
ȻͬһվǣȴҺܴѹָо̫ˡ
Ҫ˵ߺΪոջһأôǶܲأ
ֻһ֤ǾǸߺΪѾ̫ˣǶӦˡ
ߺΪǲһɲȫʧĻǾǸող³ԭˡ
ðɣⱾҴӦģ̾һ֪Լ֮۲ʱܵˡ
ƾʲôʹǵʦ֮Ҳȫôܽ㣿ԺδԼĽڣ


803 ֮
˵Ǻҵ֮Ͼûеõĳŵ֮ǿĹֶ֮һô׵ľͽڳȥأܸģ
ֻǣЩ̫͹ߺǿˣȻǹͽܣǸߺ˿ûʲôĴĸ
ոա˵ʲôҲԼĶ䣬˵һһ𣿡ߺƾܵĻôƶ޷յߺȥ
ȴֺ˲ߺֻ仰ȴúұѹ
ҡҡĲ뽫Լĵ֮۽ߺɫȻһݣǲΣҿģʹҵʦҲָҡ
ߺεЦһЦǲײĲˣϸ磬Ȼͽôʶʱ񣬶ҲʦУҾͲ˰
˵仰ʱ򣬸ߺԺ֮еĹûȫʧ׶ԼǸͽ˵ĻҲεİ̾һ
˼˫ħյǼͽܣȻ˫ħֻߵΪ䡣
ǣ˼յͽܶԼʦô𾴣Լ⻹ʲôأ˻ûҸոճ棬ζų˸ߺֵܣԼСͽܶӦˣȻԼС
డĲడȻԼûӦжԷʲôѲԼʦڶԷУֻһԻȡ
ɱ˱ɱ˰ɣҲˣˣյͽôһĶôãûһʦص˼ҲСЩҡ
ԼͽһȷĺܲӦ˵ǳĲ˶֪ؾʦ
֮УûʲôأҲʲôģǣʦܸ㵽֮ɡ
һǡ̫ˣҲǻң΢ĺôһЩȻĻҪµҸطȥ
Ȼõ˼ʦˣҹֲô궼繦δȻôĲ֪ͨ
֪ߺڱǿ󣬻һζķߺѾܹ޴˵ˣӦ˵ûӡ
Ȼ֪˸ߺԼʦֵܣˣʱ򽻸֮ۺȥǰŹҲԲôС֮ˡ
ͽ˱ҿͽܵʱ򣬻ոһİɣߺ˵֮󣬵Ŀ˺һۣҾ͸оһɺ˳ԼԼȫѨȥ
ߺֲ۾ҵԼж£Ǻͬجһ㣬ЩǵģûǵģͬˮһԺ֮ͬŵӰһĿ
ҵȫһ񺮣ֻֿجֺǴĵ֮бġ
ٵħֻڵû˿Ľ䱸ǰɽ٣ٵĵȴǸߺĺ⡣
׼£ԷȻѣ˭޷Ҳֵס
ߺͬʵԵĺâȻʢҫҵϣȫı˱
꣬겢һɣ籾Դ֮ΪʦУһ򣬶Ϊʦܵ
ߺһ˵ţ֮忪ʼѣҲһҲʼɢڻɢʱ򣬸ߺȴ־ͽ֮סˣҳȡ͵˻ҵǰ
ҲĿŸߺָָԼıǼ⣺ѵĸңͲ޳֮󣬲ʦǵ֮𣿡
ߺһЦ룬㲻ң㲻ŵĻһ취޳ɵһ³֪ˣ㿴֮һôˡ
ƲƲԼ죺û룬ˣС
˵֮󣬻ҿʼľҵķ򣬶ںҵȻЩ˸Уǲû̫Ĳ
ԼʦһֱѶϵģҶԴһԼʦ̬ϣҲǷǳĹ˼ɣҲվԼʦһߣҲվһһߡ
ʦ֣һǿһ㣬ͻַ޳Сˣ˶ûʲô̫塣
ģһ᳹׵ıħսʱħǿĻ˵ǽͷݻΪЦ
ȻĻδȻҲãһ棬ǰиߺҪȫɱΪô
ʲôôûϸֻǸ߸ߺһ꣬ʱ򽻸Ҿͺˡ
ߺĻɱ˵ͽܾѾЩˣҪ󶼲ߺҲɸˡ
֮УǱһֻɫõ۾ȡ뵽ߺԼĵ֮С
ۣ֮ȻһרеǳλȴǲôͬǸߺͳڶͷ֮ϣʮֵԡ
ҳڱϣֻ۾ǳľ޴
ոտһһĵۣ֮ϣҳϣĸߺûп
ﶼҪֻҪȡ뵽Լĵ֮Уͻ᳹׵ĴԼü֮ϡ
ǿĵۣ֮ߺ֣Լĵ֮ۺ˱仯֮ڵĳĵӳڸߺĵö֮С
һпĸߺһϲ֣Լ֮оȻڻͷǹص籾Դ֮ͿԴ˼ͨ
׵Ĵ͸κһ̵壬ҸԷػǲʱĻָԼҲֻлɢ³
֮۹Ȼǿ󣬾Ȼ̺ÿһİ壬һĿⵥͷϣ»
ǣڸߺĵ֮ۻ֮۵зݣһݱߺĲл˻Ȫͼ֮С
ˣߺ꼼֮󣬻ۣ֮Ҳǵ֮۵ǰ
ķݣǱҵ֮ҵ֮һ֮֮УԸߺںûжѶȡ
ĵۣ֮ߺоͿʼȺû˿ĳɣתͷ磬жĵ֮ڴָ˼֡
ҪʲôҪӿҺòã㲻һẦߵģġҿŸߺе񣬷·ð̹һһľ
˽ϵ·СĿŸߺµı顣
ߺ۾£֣ҡûҪôֻҪҪĵ֮ۡ

ߺٴγɹһݵۣ֮Լ˫ֻۣ۾ȴ񣬾Ȼ˵˼䣬ȴ½
˼֮Уħѹ壬ɱ޶һһСŮŹʩԱС
񹲷ߣۻĶȲ˵ģٲӦ÷˵ϡ
ߺзŭȴ֪ǸطԼ֮ңһ棬Լζϲȥˡ
ɶ˸ȥɡߺĵֻĿȻɫɺɫһѪɫĺбȥʱգǸħߣԷ֮У֮ȫı⣬飬ȫɢ˼֮С


804 է
ߺȻһ棬˼һħıޣȫɢ֮С
ֻߺһҲ̫ǿһЩħǸСŮһˡ
̾һҲãֱ࣬ū磬ٿԽѣȻԺҲĽ
øߺ𾪵ǵ֮۵ܣֻ֮ĵۣܹ֮ôǿܣռ䣬Ƶڶ֮⡣
ڸߺӵĿ϶ֻҪԼܹݵ֮ȫˣôȥǾûʲôġ
ߺѾȲˣⲽǻ֮нȥֵܹס̵Ļ棬ߺȻôƾյĴ˽ȥ
Խʱ򣬸ߺðźâܵĻ涼ֵסˡ
յһһɫŷЦݣϵڷţѾһ
ڸߺԷҲֻϳ̣ﵽ˰벽ĵȼǾϲûдﵽ
ߺڵľѾӽԽ򵽴벽ľ磬ڷ֮ǵ
ﶼԼĵһǧ;ͬ飬ʲôֻҪ֮˼£ҲԳɾ֮λ
𣬾һļ£Ǵ˵֮еĴһľ磬ûκ˿
ⶼǲлļ䣬ߺ֣Լ֪ǲлֱСϪ뽭Աȡ
ߺ֮еǰ벽ֻҪıͿԽԼĵڱ˵ϣϵ档
ֻҪһϵᱻߺ⣬ǱߺƣֻҪûеͬڸߺǿĴڡ
Уĺ˵ϣǿĻǿУԼڵĺ뺮⡣
˵Ķ£ЩΥģΥ˵飬᳹׵Ļ⣬γħ˳һ³Ǻζ
ִĵͷųĺ޷ֿǶԷпԿ˷סԼħԼĵߺĵһȥ
ȻԼķǲĵӲѹƵĻҲʵ䷴ЧķˣԼ
ң¾ʧҲûпܵ飬˵ʵ̫£Ѱ
ʧȥԼΪܣ֮ϵĲ죬ܹܵסġ
вܳܵľǾʧʧˣӵ޵еԼܲˣ˻ʧȥʲôͬأ
һľԶԶ벽ľϣߺΪǲлʱѾԼľ˰벽ľˣֻû㹻Ǳͻˣֻðݡ
ߺôһļ򣺡١Ѻ٣ˣ
һʮַЦ⣬ԺԼ۾˭ңʲô°
ոմĿ֮˹һԺأԼʵ˫ۣո˭أ
ŽӣŽߺ˵û뵽Լһ˵Ȼ˵ŽгˣԼеҲ̫׼ˣ
һûϻشߺĻѾʼ𽥵ˣɲǸߺҪġ
Ȼ˭ҪȡһڶԷȻ˸ߺȤοԷѰ졣
ߺԼ֮пʼҺʵĶȥ֣κεıڶ֮ǰһΡ
ߺСƲԼͷףʥʥĻǾûʲô˰ɣ
Լͷڴӷ˿֮ɺͰשһĴСߺ˵࣬ĵ˵ͷöˣ
п֮󣬸ߺ͵͵һһԴ˹ȥ˽Լаשʽһźݺݵȥ
һֻоһתٶ˳˯֮С
ߺϸѯʣŪˣһԭһֱϵ칬֮һһֱҪ
ǶҪһͳһͳȻöԷȥԷ
ܻʱΪ˲˵עȻҪѡһˡ
Ĵž֮Ĵž
ոոߺϰߵĽǰֹ˵ˣֻ˺֣ȻǻĴӦˣΪʲôϢء
ڵһͬһǰͺ֪顣
عʱѾ˸ߺˣԼ̫ˣֻиߺڵĻƾ̵ǲܴġ
ǣû뵽ߺǰȻǲ֪ôǿĴڣȻԼǰĲл꣬Լ꿪ʼҽԼľҲ˰벽ľ硣
ٶȱһ֪˶ٱ
һ֮󣬽Է֮ǻûȫںϵķ֮ԤңԷĵ֮۾ȫıߺԼ֮ˡ
ҽ֮뵽һ𣬸ߺĵ֮ڳΪȫ壬һϻиĵ֮ۡ
ڸߺĵ֮ȫˣͷųǲȫһС١
ڸߺĵۣ֮۰׵ĲɫģмѾɺɫˡ
ֲֿĺ⣬·ѪɫһŻӿµǣǺɫÿնУǺɫâ·ֱ˵Уǡ
ͨһļ䣬ߺ֪ÿһۻ֮һҪȥ磬һ˵һ£ƽʱǺټġ
˵֮һԼһеĴʵʩһҪǳɾһ
ǵʦʱ𣬵ʱ˺繥žûʲôܹˡ
磬ʱһһεĵƿء
⵹һûᣬ˳ȥ飬ᴦж԰ߺôһ˿о
Ϊһ˵ʮּ򵥵飬ߺһתԼӱһӡ
ԼϢҲһߺδŻңôȻеһıԴ֮и籾Դ֮
ȻһķߺһƾԼڵ֮ǱУûа취ġ
ҴӦ˸ߺҪҲϣԼΪЩĳɾ֮λ
ߺ֮һǿĴ͸˵ͨߺҿٵĹȥˡ
һļ䣬ߺ˼ĵط磬һиߺо棬ܵʮֵŨû˵֮еϢϢ
һڣ͸оЩ۸ߺ֫
ôôʱŹڸߺ쳡ʱһӰȻڸߺǰ
أӸôӰߺ˵


805 ɽħ
˵ʲôأѲΪԼﵽ˰벽𣬾ͿԲҷҾ㣬ߣ㻹ңǸ˵˵
ԷɫĽۣţһɫȣǰƳɵġ
ִǷ½ҲһӵĴ磬浱УҲһ緲˶ѡ
ŶŶŶŶϽˣոֻǸ㿪һЦѣôżߺոֻʶһ˵
֮УһǸνֻиߺԱߵĻ֪ƺѡ
ڶԷȻôԼԼһӣҲ˵Էǡص
һգ˵֪ԼλãȻͬˣǣҲвٸ֣׾ٵģǵǸϹʦ𣬹ڣҲһĽο㲻ǻ
ߺԵ仰ûԱߵĻҿǲУں֮ĻһֻоԼؿһʹ浹ɳȥ
䡭
ԱƵɫľɽ֮УգۼվڸߺǰոǸ߸ϵģϢȫȻ١
ЩǱܻʲô˼һ²˵һҶ֣ѲҪڲɣ
ߺոĻ֪Ҫ£ûʲôãһǾǲǻҵһߡ
Ļߺ̲һʱ֮ǰνɱ
οոô벽ֻеѹĶȻԷҲô
ô˵ͲˣոտǵǰӲųֵģǾǵûǽˣǱ߱ǡ
ߺɫ˵ϻŷߺޣݼֱģǷŵգӰ۷Īˡ
мתЦӭֵܣ⻰ô˵ģȻҲǳưһôڳΪأ죬ǵļƻھҪʼˣ
תʱһ˿ײĺһ𣬳ɾͰ벽ôˣûİæô׾Ǽһ
ڵĸߺҵʵտԣ棬һߴ
ô飿ôоƢе̫˰ɣոһȻû˺Ҳ澡ʧƾҪӵԸ񣬾ƲôͷŹǵġ
ȻͷԼ򵥣ҲȽױŭǴ֦Ҷʮֵϸ壬ͷͷǵ
һһҲֻ뻢ıƤѣ˵˾ȣһô׾ģô˵ҲӦһһӰǸߺķ
ʱԷȻôضôɣߺҪԷĺ«֮ʲôҩ
ڵĸߺҲո˵ҲǣƾߺڵΪֻϴﵽ벽ĴڣĲǸߺһ֮С
ģԴֻᡣ
ھûдﵽ벽ĴڣԶ޷İ벽𵽵жǿ󣬵жô
룬мڵȴ֣ϣʱҪѹסԼƢļһҲǺģ
һʮƽСɽǰȻͣסԼĲתԸߺ˵
ߺ˵ͷˣ֪ˣһᾡĿסԼƢģԷģϾĵ̣Ҳʲô飡
һļ֮УȻͬˣһƢʵ̫ˣ֮Ըߺ˵ɡ
Ǹߺʾһ£⵽ԷĲ¼ɡ
֣ܵĴ򿪷ʽ㻹ûǰɣֵҪְ벽ֶΣ벻ϧ߽̣ȻһЦһ
ߺһǱȴûʲô仯
ãվ㿪۽磬ʲôİ벽𣡡˵Ÿߺһļ֮гɽĴ򿪷пٵĽӡһµϢӸߺָ
ֻǺĺߺȵĻȻصȻĸıԣȻȻС˺ܶࡣ
һӸߺбȥոߺеСɽ̵ı٣ǣߺ뵽֮ʯ󺣣һ˿û
ҵĶᵽɤˣȻߺǰ벽𣬵һ磬ַڵ벽
֮Уʱ𣬰˷õʥһټԼ˼ҵĵ̣Σա
ߺֻ˷ûʲôߺǰСɽͿٵѿˣŲƶȥɽУһ̻Ի͵Ĺչڸߺ˵ǰ
벽Ϊ벽Ȼ鴫ЦеûԼơ
ߺһαӣߣ˵ǣô׵ķʽңöһ𣿡
Բˣ̫Ҫˣҵ˶޷֮ȣСĽһΪãߺ˼ɫû˿ѿ̸Ц
ߺ̹һǸ׳ղֱǲĳ̶ȰѲɻΪǺʵڵ˿һС
Ըߺ˸ʲô⣬˺ܿУȻҲǽ̻ԻͣǶڵĸߺͲʲô
ڹĴ֮Уӷַǣɫģ̻ƣΨһһӣǿ̻ã꣬ɫģԵùɭɭġ
էһӵԵе£Ͼֻһӡ
ǣտǴƣˣԼһô˫ȭѵְ
Ҫǣڶ֮УڻĸˣŰۣȴźۡ
ߺոյʱȻһĸ˾Ȼȫǰ벽𣬶ˣȻϻħϢ
ħ壬ħİ벽𣡡ߺ𾪣û뵽Ȼħ壬һǰ벽Ϊ
Ȼߺ֪֮еûħ壬ǿԿ϶ǣûа벽ħ塣
ϵĴ磬ȴһԳλ벽ʲôѲħ年ᵽһˣ
ߺ͸о𲻳Ϊ
û֮£Ѿ۷ˡ
ʲô˼⼸ʲôˣߺɫһ¾
һվһЦ𣿲Ҫô˵㲻ҲǴһͽҲû˵ʲôɣ


806 ˷
֪˭ˣȻôҵʦ˵ѲΪ磬Բҵ֮˷𣿡ߺĻſ˵
ߺȴǾֱߵǰԹ˵ڻ˵ĻûϿһ
ߺɫûһ˿ı䣬Ŀ񣬶ȴվԭأĿ⾼ĿŶǼˣпǼȵķߺޡ
֮аĵطû뵽յĵû˸ҹħ壬Ǳһֱ磬ǹħ塣
Щ飬ҵǲôҪǣǵĺƾȻƵ˵棬ǻܲ˵ˡ
ô׻˵罫ԼŪɽҲãҲãҲã⡣
ǣ֮󣬻Ҫȥ⣬˵˵ķԣҲŪѣĲ˲ǣ
һ㲻ҲΪɾ˵֮λ֮䶼ǻﻥģֻҪħִ˽磬칬ִ磬ĵ𣬺ֶΪأеǸħ˵Լ뷨
ߺ֪ڻ⼸һ﷭ʱ˼ھĴټϸ֪ʲôʱֵʱ
ȻڸߺѾﵽ˰벽ΪԸûдﵽ벽Ҳûʲôѡ
ǣߺ֪ħ嵽ʲôΪǸоԷֹΪﵽô򵥣˵ԷѾﵽ˰ľ硣
ڳԶԸʱǸߺٷְٲǵĶ֣ڵĹ𻹲ڸߺС
ԴӸߺһ֮󣬹͸ߺԣ˵ԼӼĻȪˣȥѰĻȪˡ
ʱΪһǧ֮ǰͷǳǿĴڣΪʹﵽ˶̣ڰ벽һĴڡ
ݣ°ƽǷǳ򵥵ĴڰɣߺԼüЩ׵˵ֻҪǵʱ֣ǻֵ
ģŹרħ壬ɷǵħ壬ȴǧ˿ƵĹϵǵķר꣬ÿƷŵĲԣǴȥ˷
ߺԼ̫Ѩװ˼״ʵڻһйڰ˷õĻ칬⹥
ר޵ǽ˵ռ֮еκأľˮڰ׵ȣר޽
ǽνǿˣκεķκԪصĹЧޱȡ
˷ߵ񹥻ǳǿһ߸޷סǵ񹥻Ϳħˡ
ĹԼտ֮еĸԪأԼ֮еĸԪ˵
õÿеĸԪأһõˣƵеġ
ǲսս̫ˣãÿƷš
ֻü£˷ķһͬ
໥ϣȴʹ칬ҪȴʧܣҪ֪˷ֹϵǴݺ
ֻҪһһҲԲ칬Ĺ֮´ȥˡ
νиߺǰΪ˶Ը˷Ĳ벻ꡣ
֮еĸ߲㶼֪֮еĵۣ֮ǿڣҲרĴڡ
Ļ֮Ը굱ȻСһˣߺԭ
ȻǵҪĿһֻһˣұߺˡ
Ϊ˼ලߺɳһ칬ලߺ˭ߺǸߺǣǻǸꡪûġ
һֱΪߺҲһȻϵ˰벽𣬶ȴûдﵽ
ߺңǸලǵ칬Űۣϵ˺ѿռ䣬ǿ֮С
⼸ڶٶϲ֪˶ٱ
ֱһǿյڣﵽ͵Ľ⣬·ܹ͸˵Ƥ˵С
ÿһǻƽɫģÿһ򶼱һądֱţ·СһΧת
λҰ˷ֹΪ£һŰɫɮ۵º͵˵üλãһɫądֱǡ
һĹδԴĺɢȥ·˾̫ɢº͵⣬
ͷһƬ⣬ɫԲƬĹԴ
˫ֺʮ֮ûκεĲһƬƽߺţǲӿĴ󺣣ڴ˵еӳҲһƬĺ
̤гһƬ͵Ϣ
˭֪ģ㵽˭ɷǣߺ΢΢һ˿аЦӸߺ¶
ƶɮ޷棬޷ģ޷ʱ䣬ʱеһУ޷úຣޱ߻ͷǰ
˾Ȼǰ˷ڰ˷֮У˱֧һеĴڡ
һ˵һתԼеķ飬һĿбһądֱǣʼߺӡȥ
ԷȻҪȻԼҶԷΪﵽ˰벽ĵزԼľҲﵽ𾳽硣
ߺȻŹеаЦȴܹҵʢÿһ棬Ҿô󺣴ӴʧҾͽ޷ȫ
ߺĻ·һһĺɫôӸߺеЦądֱӡȥ
䡭
һƬƬǿ˶𣬻ҵɫһ䣬Ϣһңһľ羹Ȼ˰벽ĵزҿ˵ıԵ
Աߵ칬֮ɫ񶴲һһֹͣԼǲʹĹλڵѣһ칬ѣǴ˴ǰΪҪҵ𣿡
ȻԷѾ֪ԼݣߺҲαװˣСһİɫӾʧһɶ
ߺͷųԼϢֲֿĵơ
һɿԽ涼ֵӸߺϱּµĺ䣬ǿնʼۣʱ䶼ʼ
㺮ôôǿ󣬲㲻һ𡭡
Ǹ칬ѾоĩյˣܵĺѪˡ
ҪתߣǸߺôܸᣬһһö۳ڸߺĶͷ֮ϣһѪɫĹâ䵽ϡ
ǲҪҲģĲҪǵģʱգҪ
û˵꣬ͱһȻʼѣ󻯳֮еһĨ
ڸߺĿЦ֮У˵ĸ̷ŵУʧһɶ
ˣɣ㽫ʯҾͲ⾻һΣߺתͷɵƺ⣬ǣеɱȴĺ


807 ʯ
ʯǳʯģոջڱ˵ߺĻɫ
Ǹߺ֮󣬶Էһɫ䣬ҲǸߺһĿġ
ʯǷɰ˷ƿţδȥ
ʯĹִͬߣҲǰ˷֮ε⼸ÿ˹˷ʮ꣬ͬڵĴڡ
ͬǣ˵Ȼɢǵһʯȫ벽
ʱҲ׵ΪʯĴڣͨʯҲƿʱʱǰ
ߺ칬һ벽ɱ֮ڰ˷棬ĸӰͬʱչֳԼӰ
̲ˣǸһֱû˵İȻڵڸߺʱǸδ˵һ仰칬
ħ֮еħ壬֮ǰߺ˵Ҫȥãڿڰ˷֮⣬鲻ôļ򵥰
ߣ˾ˣֻһѣֻҪǰõʯһʲôϵ֮ԼɲҪˣһħߵ
ȻһҲûȥıҪˣʣµģǹǻǴ󿪷֮ţ
Ǹ칬˵һ΢飬һ仰֮䣬ȴħ塣
˼½أ˼ģѲΪǾͻô𣿡һħͷһתɭɭ˵
ʱգǧҪħ壬ȻĻž磬ħҲµģ
칬𣬾ȻʱǸ͸ߺйһ֮Եļһ
Ȼ֪𾳽Ѿﵽ벽ˣߺˣǸ칬ļһֻǱ˶ѡ
ϸ֪칬Ȼǿ󣬵ôأħ壬ǵˡ
ߺҲ뵽ˣǸߺȴûһʹԼ֪ˣҲ׼⼸˵Ķ֣ڶߺʹ˷ȡʯ
Է˵⣬Ȼᷴˡ
ĿĲСҪǷʯ㻹߰ɣȻĻҷŵ㳲죡
Խ˵Խ䣬¹˷ǷˣҲַƵˡ
ҲǣϲľǶˣϰ˵˱ҷԵ
źõĵӣҲǾ䣺ҷԵ
˵һǧһǶԼûʲôģǣǶԼû飬ͻĶɱҡ
Ƿڱ˵ϣҲԻôֱ׳Ϊ
&*%*&һĿпʼ˷ȥ
ߺôվǣ˿⣬ȵ˵֮󣬸ߺŵ˵ͷ˵ĺܸлİҪȻҵδȥλҪһʱ䡣
𵭵һЦðǵӹģȻȣðȴɣ
ȴôУôܰĵĵȴߺٺЦţ֮Ĺâ
ţҪҶ֣Ҿ㻹Ǳ뷨־ܰɣĵȰ˵
ߺмһ־ܣսɣ
˵ţߺԷ۶ȥڸߺܣһĺʼڶһĹԷ屬ȥ
һƬƬĿռ俪ʼѷ죬󣬱㱻Ǽµĺˡ
Ƭռ俪ʼɭֲҷǳļӲǸߺԼͷųĺҪռҲǲܵġ
ңߺĺܵķӡסˣں֮еķʼߺҲڷڰ˷֮еķ
һʮ޵ǿһ㣬֪ĴڣȴҲš
ߺһȭеȥĺߺһȭӳһС͵硣
֮еС磬ײҲ˲佫֮ըķ顣
һû뵽ԷȻǿֵزȻԷûõҲȴԼĵ
ȡҽǸкȻ䣬忪ʼһƬƣһƽɫӰӣǲ࣬ʼĴӶԷ֮
Եֹһ¸ߺĺ㿪ʼٵСֱСһĴСΪһ塣
ߺ类Է֮Ըӿٶȥ
䡭
Ǻ֮еС糹׵ĻˣҲҡһ¡
оǺײԼϺ󣬱ȻԼӰ죬ܵ˵ȴӰ첻
ǣನȴԼķԼĻ꺣֮зɿĳȥ
ҷ𣬲ꡣʮǣ겻飡
𼱼߶񣬸ߺĺҲٵ
͵ΪߺĹˣԼϹҵǴķ㹥ʱǰЩĺѾը߰˰˵ĺµĺ磬ٴ
ߺķ̺֮Ĳʼãûа취֮£ֻýԼķһǸС繥ȥ
һĹķ˸ߺɵô򵥵ġ
ǺǷǿжѷѽ⣬ĥ𣬱⡣
Ƿ뿪кÿһ鶼ͬСߺΧǷġ
Ͽӡһӿʼûһһٵ˸ˣУϣһɫądֱǿʼмߺĺӡȥ
ҴģꡣߺϿʼɢɫ׹⣬֮ǰĳ˼֡
ɫĺ⣬ȥЩʯȻôӲĴ͸˹ȥ
ǣǱɫ⴩壬ȫıˣûǿ㹻ꡣ
Ȼߺ֮л̺Ų궼ֹʮ꣬꣬ǧ궼Ӻ֮
ʹʣµҲֻˣҲǰ׵ĳΪһ
ҵĵҵĵвģֻҪ֮л̺һ˿ˮᱻȫı⣬˵ҲֻѪ֮Զ㲻
ߺ䵽һ£ˣû뵽ߺĵ羹ȻôߣԷһȣԼĵͬСһ
ʲôʲôԼĵȫԷư
һɹɵĺ⿪ʼ̲һԼ棬ҪԼĵߺĵ׵ѹס
㲡Ҫۣ֮ߺһͷϵĵĿ̳֣һѪɫâҫϡ


808 ս
ӷ𣡡ǵɺɫĺ˳ͨԷķʱſʼ
ߺһ⼸һڹ񣬿϶ô򵥵Ĵڡ
ƽɫӰԣеһߺ⵶ѪɫĺȻӲı˳
ߺĵȴôģ⼸һＴʹôǿ󣬵֮µΪϣҲֻĵܹѹơ
λӷȥˣȽˣȻΪ̵Ĵ
˵֮漴ٵǿշɳ۶ȥգۼʧڸߺС
ҵطȥˡ
Ȼͽ⼸̷Լǰ˵Լʵ϶֪ˣھôˣ̵ڲˣߺ⡣
䵽ߺУߺ֪鲻ôˣǰ⼸̣Բʲô򵥵
ңҸһͨȻȥɣڻôע㣡Ͻصı꣡
˵ţߺһһСڸߺУߺǣҷȥ
ҪСССıĿռԶǱϿȥô򵥣ڵĸߺͨʱռҲ¡
ֻڸߺûռٶǼ򵥵Ϳ԰쵽ġ
νҵר˼֮⣬ռˡ
ֵˣÿһ˶ԼԼѡֵ֮ѡǻġ
ߺܣûôõֵܣĿ֮࣬еԡ
ҽԼУ𾪵ĿŸߺ̬ףڵĸߺֻǲԸԼԼʲôû˵ֻΪߺ֧һѡ
оԼĲ㣬ߺæﲻϡ
ҾͲ׸ˣеʲô飬磬Ὣ֮Ū췭ظУһʦġ
˵⣬ҶѾ˵ȥˣоԼԽ˵ԼԽо
ôȴûʲô취ԼȷǸߺ׸ʱߺҪߵʱ򣬻Ҫ˼Լʱ˵ߺԼûа취ߣȫطޡ
ԼôˣƾߺʵҪߣ绹ûмܹס
Ǳߵļ˻ڻĿŸߺߺһһâӸߺĿ֮бȴ棬˷ͨˡ
̺ܼ򵥣죬ߺһƾͽҴ˽ȥ
ΪֹߺѾε֮ˣʩչ֮󣬸ߺоԼһԼĵ֮۾ȻʧԼĶͷˡ
ҲõĲˣۣ֮ǿ֧֮ŵģû֮֮Ȼûа취ٳõ֧ȥˡ
ߺһ֪ȥԼĶˣʩչۣ֮Ҳֻܹ걾Դ֮ˡ
һοܾͿøߺˣﵽ˰벽֮Ȼÿһе˺ܶ࣬Ҳǲɺӵġ
˵÷йߺİٷ֮һ
÷֧ŵĹһιҪʮ֮һߺȫķҲ֧Ų˼¡
Ŀ˸ߺһۣת뿪ˣ뿪ʱ򣬻ҵҪҧˡ
ߵʱ򣬶ǼȻҪסԱиߺڻ
ߺǵвǱȽϴģиߺڣҵߵķǳ˳
֪漸λôƺߺĹ˹Լ֣ȴڻָԼ
ΪֹߺѾʮ֮ķˣֻʣʮ֮ߡ
ʮַ𾴵̣ߺҲȷСӣʱ䣬ָԼʵҲǲġ
СȻҰ˷񣬷ɣУһҲֵĺеĿڵδ
һӰȽкͣ˵ʮ׳˶пڣ˽
ǸУñֲ˶٣һվԴ󣬿·Ƶģ˹ȥ
գߺ۾΢΢𣺡˵˭أԭǰ˷λʯǵаɣ
δЦ̧־һ⣬һԭһĲۣߺʱǲѾɴСȫĽߺˡ
ߺֻоԼһĻ㱣漴ǰһһСɽѾڸߺǰδ˭
𲧵Ľʮֵǿ󣬾Ȼߺ̵ˣߺһʥ˷ԣģ
ʥƷʣÿһףǱ֮Ĳࡣ
ߺҴ⣬һͷϵĵͼʥԼĽ£һƬƬ̨ϷȥһĽֵȥ
һ֣ڸߺǰδȥǻԷϣһƬ
Է徹Ȼûһ˿˺ۣ־ߺͷ­ץʱһɲǼ䣬ߺͷȻѸٳɳ
ߺɫһ䣬һ˿֮ɫٴͷųԼĵ
͵Ӹߺ֮ͷųȥûҫδСɽһϣһɫĽħƶȻڸߺǰ
ɫĹâȻٵĿݽߣûҫԷ˵ϣɢڿ֮С
һʥһ۷ʥ˷ʲôɣ̫ԣˣߺб׵𺳵ˡ
䱦ʥͬһһĴӶԷг֣һǿߵУֻһ̡
ǽħƺݺݵŸߺɫĺâȥߺĹâǽħƣ͸˹ȥ
⽵ħȻǸߺĵʹר֮еġ
ǣԷû⽵ħظߺĵֵס˼ߺؿϮ
棬ǽѾδͷϣһƽɫӽ˶Уߺĺ⾹ȻһΣǻƽɫӰҲˡ
һʥǼʥİûӣⲻʥ۸𣿡ߺһţпһ
ոգеʥȻֵܹסԼĹȻһ֮󣬶ԷʱȻôʹá
ңԷ˵ʵ̫ˣֱûʲôг
δ𹥻ԼԼõʱ򣬹ȥװֵʵǹԼǽ
ߺԼ֣һĺʼϳ֣ǽħǰֵȥ

ߺĺʼ飬ȻֵסԷĽħơ
ҾһֵһµĹߺ۳һһСڸߺС
ɽкӣʮֵϸ£Ƿŵ˵磬ǾǼֵǵı
䡭ըǽħƱһը֮£ˣߺҲǿĳ˺档


809 Сʯ
ĵӰԭص˳ȥе˶ɫһףߺԴӸոɱ칬𣬵ڶûЪϢ
ڸߺѾնɱһһͬ𣬲Ҵһͨսˡ
սǷŵȥ㹻е˷ˡ
ڵĸߺ״̬֮£δȥλսһƽ֡
λеʥ߲֮пνǾ˽֪ˣƾʥλͿʱһսˣǼʯʱҪ˱ᡣ
˵칬ٳûйư˷ãҲλʥı֮£Աȫ
û֪ǵʥǴʲôطģֻǰ˷˶ٰ꣬ͻȻͳʥ
Ǹʱʱ𻹲˷÷УҪԸʱгֵôʱֵ
Ų֪ʲôطѰҵʯʯλѾȫƿʱ
ңյķȫͬδרʱ٣յʱ٣ֲȥˣƿصľȻʱ䵹
˵֮УȥҲѶԸˣ˵뾳Ѿ޵Ľӽ벽ˡ
úúãĵѾӽȫˣȻܹһξͽҵķɫص˵ȫĴҲûдﵽ
ҪǣڸߺĵУоʱյֿԽﶼȫĵĺ䣬Ǵûġ
֮䣬б˱٣ָ뻯ȴûм
֪ΪΣбߣ·һ䣬ڳɾ֮֮󣬾ͻĪ
֮УΨһһɾ̵ľǼǰļ֮ˣȻбʥؾͳ׵ķӡˡ
ãһУߺǿˣǰļһͲ붯ʯ
Ȼ˵ĻߺֻԼʵǶʯˡ
ԷѾʯˣߺȷһǵУֻǲóߺҲȷʯǷʲôط
ߺ忪ʼ⣬֮ǰͬǣЩⲻЩˡ
ӣܵʼӭһıͣеڱ⣬޷ģˣǶﶼһ⡣
ߵ磬֮УֻҪΪﲻϣ涼ûбϣ˵죬ʵǿս֮£ͻ᳹׵
û˻ѰǵʵԱ𣬵ûʵ͹ԹԵı죬ȴ١
˷޵޵ͬǣһôɫɵġ
ǿնߺĵסˣߺһνԼɷ۳ɵͷ˳
δȥλļֵ̣ĻᶼûУֻ¶һ棬ȫߺĵסˣ֮еϢʧһɶ
ǱߺĶֻҪ飬ͻᱻߺĺյһɶ
ߺʩչԼĵ֮󣬽Ѿòˣλֻúʥڸߺĵ֧š
ܵʱ俪ʼͣͣռ俪ʼȵۣ濴ͻᷢƬǿжȻС
ûСʼߺڵķΧʼСЩʯǿĵشѾһƬޣһһƬǿ
ƬǿջڰһıСһУ˸ߺֹͣʱסˣѾȫоʲôˡ
ǿտʼԽԽСƬʱ侹ȻʼڵЩѾľо͵ȫ͵˱񣬾ȻʼֱԼ塣
ͷİ׷ںɫϱ¿̻ƣʼı䵭ֱʧ
ЩޣʼøСͷʼͷȥϸĿоʮֵĿֲġ
ߺʱӵʯķ˵̫ˣոշǾ͸ӦĹȥ
ר޵ľʱ䵹һҲ޷ġ
ʱ䷨û뵽ʱ䷨ȻҲǿֵزˣȻܹͱںһ𣡡
֪֪ߺʱ䷨ѾںϵһˣҲűĿСʱ䵹ٶҲԽԽ졣
ңԸʱ䷨ǻеģǣԸʱĵǹȥδҲûʲôġ
ֻ֧ܿţǷ֣ЩԼԱߣȻҲԼá
ȥ忪ʼʱ䵹֮ǰ
δҲǣֻͬǣССɽһˡ
ʮӵʱ䣬˵ȻѾȥǧˣ̫ˣڰ˷ķ
ڵʱΣǹǰ˷ˣȥδҪĺǶ꿪ʼ涨ġ
ô죿δЩѾߵϣ޺޵˵
Щϵʱ䵹֮ȫʧʱ֮ˣ·ûг
ֻöʯˣǽ͵δϣĿŵδϡ
δҡҡڻǷͷԴвУԺǷǳǿĴڣ˵ٽͻأԺĳɾ˭Ҳ֪
ȥ۾һǽ̫ʱڣǸʱ̫ŴܱȱȽǣߣƢ̫˵೤ʱ䣬ͱ̫Ŵնɱˣ
δͬĵ˵ͷЩģʯҪʮǿɶ񣬾ȻķѵСӵϣ͵̫۷ʱڣ
ʯǷǳǿģ˵Уʯ浮ĵһʯͷ˵ȹ˶Ҫ硣
ʯһУƱҲŵΪֹ֮һУֻҪһʱ䣬ʯ԰쵽
ֻʯôֵ˵Уߺ׵㣬ʯ֣𶼻֮ͣǣǵõʯˣûţôأ
һεĲ˵֮зųߺıʱ䶼ԶԶǸ
ߺһȻԭˡ
ʯƷ˵ʯǼٵģ˵ϱʯϺܶࡣ
ʯ֮еĵһʯͷʯ֮½½кܶʯͷ
ЩʯͷȻûʯôǿܣҲ̺ʱĵֻϲ࣬𶼹ʲôв
ҲֻܹԸߺְӵûĵߡ
ʯͷСʯ֮Уһǡʯ
ȻʯͷʵкֵܶģеȷӵдԽʱյҲǿˡ
һ֣ǿճ˵ǰԵ𣬰ֻصģʯͷתʯؼڶʯͷֻ̫ŵʱֻڹһ֮Ȼʧûټ


810 ̫Žպ
мǿʯͷһȽϹӣȽͨʯͷʯͷıʻҺɫӿݵģʯͷԼֻаƴС
ʯͷûбǿʱʹǶڴ·룬κȥᣬͨµʯͷ
˭뵽һͨģι״ʯͷôǿʱأ
ҲνԵ˵˭û»ȥ·߼һͨʯͷͲ̶ֳˡ
ң˼һȻԸûʲôãǶԸ֮£ǿ൱õġ
ԴǼ֮ǰһζԸʱ⼸궼ڻöûùƾ⼸۵Խߺ̫ʱˡ
ĲͬΪǹţϹţԶţ̫ţ̫֮ϾسĻʱˡ
ʯȻ޷ȷգǴ߻µĹȥʱ䣬ǲʲôġ
ȥٽ벽δԼʱȫ͵˹ȥϡ
һɲǼ䣬ȥ忪ʼٵ֮ͣ͵ĻΪѾǿٵͻƵ˰벽ľ磬һڲϵ
ܿ죬ѾԽڵĸߺˣȻֻΪϵĳԽ绹Ǽµ۷
ǿʮͨʯȻ۵ĹâǿʯԷȻǿ˸ߺǵ
ߺһȣԼĵʯĹâ֮󣬾ȻʧӰ٣֪ȥʲôط
һʱ䣬ʧʱյУټߺо𾪡
ɹâԽԽʢĿʼû˸ߺ塣ߺȻҪߣǸߺոҪͲԼ޷
ԼոյĵǿնʼСȻʱյһԼĵҲǴ۵ĹâʼѸٵɢʧûټ
ߺȥɵ˷򣬷˰壬־ӽʯϵʱ򣬱ʧûټ
ոתҪߣʯĹâȻʢ·һֻһߺ׵˽ȥ
ߺоԼ·Ŀռ䴩һһԺ
ǸˣΪʲôǿʢһʱʱ𶼲Ķ֣Ҫ֪ʱһ֧һʱܡ
ʯȻܹԷܣ֮ǿ󣬿֪
һһУɫ䣬ӵͷһХͿĵѡ
ʱ£ֲܲߣˡ
ʯҲǿɼһߣȻܹʱѹסҲǷǳǿġ
ֻǣÿסʯԾӵʯԲĶ֡
ľӸߺԴȥߺ·𼲳ڿУеľɫڸߺ߷ٵӹ
ռҲԽԽᣬһʼܵĿռ仹һ˿ģǵȻһ˿Ҳûˡ
ܵĿռҲʼûǿյľ󣬶ǿʼ뵽һֻһƬա
֪˶೤ʱ䣬һգۣǧ֮꣬УߺҪ˯ˣԼ˫ۡ
ߺԼ۾ʱ򣬷ԼһرŨĵطŨ̶ȣֻҪⷽԲ۵һ𣬾Ϳ׵Ԫ
漶۷嶼ǳۺָ̻ǳЧ
ǣܵĿռȴʮֵȹ̣Ҫܿռ붼Ҫģڵĸߺû
ܵʲôطѲͬ˵̫ʱߺǳ׵ˡ
ܵĿռ䣬Լ޷Լӵĵ֮飬𶯶첻
ߺڵƬռ֮УҲڷ֮еһ֣ΨһͬǣܹԼĵйĴ
ڸߺ֣ԼһƬɽ֮УмһվԼԱߣ۾Բˣһߺ޵ı顣
ǵ϶˰˪ǱģϻûеıӿȻһ˿Ǳ
ΪҪǣߺ⼸˵ΪȻڰ벽ľϣߺһ綼ﵽ˰벽ĵز
ǣʲôߺ⼸ƵĿ⿴ˣ󣬽һᣬŭ˵
Уһ׳˶Ĵ󺺣ԼǾ˾˲Ѳյߺǰ˵Сӣװ⣬ѵողڹǴӾʶһ£Ϊʲôô졭
ߴﵽ漶֮ϵľ磬ԹͨʲôĶʲô⣬ǶǿԼڽֻҪܵˣ֪ԷҪ˵ʲô˼
ߺԴҡĸ˹ƵģңԲҡ
˵ոĿռһѷ죬ȻıâзȻʹǸͨˣ˵㡭Ǹŭ
ߺһɵÿЦոԼȫʧˣͨʱˣǺã
˵ߺʵȫþǣڸߺʵѾʣ޼ˣոΪ˹ʯߺǺķ˽Լȫʵ
Ϊֹߺʣһɵķˣ۳ĵҲޡ
ߺǰ׳øߺӳǵİ⼸һﻹȫʢʱڡ
ǵڵˣö˵ϻˣߺػһǵı󴫳
ˣǸߺΪɵǸˣոոߺͷΪһ·ء
˳ʮֵῡΣֻʮֵᣬһ˿鶼ûУ·ϵһ飬ɫһ˿ʹһ̽ҪһĩգϵıҲƲκεĸı䡣
պޣҪɱҲһˣЩ꣬㽫ǵͽͽɱûʣˣ飬Ȼ㽫ǵ𣬽Ҳɥ֮ʱ
Ǹ˵Ķ棬Ǹߺǰĸ벽𣬲ǵ˵û˵ճƽ
ǸνĽպޣȫһϧļƣǵɸһ仰Ҳشнյı΢΢ʹǽ̱룬䡣
ǣģȴøߺԾˣΪĽžߺҲʮֵϤ֮Ǹģ
ͬǣǱԲεģҲ̻ž
ҪľǽλãǻǸߺͷϴŵǸҲ˵ԷһʵǾǸ֪γɵġ
ǵͼʥ۷ʥ۷֣ǰһǾ𼶱ˡ
ȡǸպһԼȫȻͽ˻λõǸ֮Уһڰһʱضƣ⻬羵


811 ¶
ǽɵ裬䵽Щ˵ϣЩ˵ϣʼһĽۣƾԼԪ뷨ԼҲûа취ֹЩ
ԣ֣һ־ǽȻǽλãֶӵо޴ģ޼ʥߺԿ϶ǰ˷еʥǶԷʥĶ֡
ϣǸԷΪѾǰ벽ľ磬ߺԿ϶ǣûʯİĸսĽպޣǸ磬ȫ޵еĴڡ
ʹǸߺʹʱҲԲĶ֡
Ȼ⣬ȻڻûлָԼôҲĴڣĴ棬ħ棬۷Ĵˡ
ʹʵûлָҲôļ򵥡
ɶ񣬸ȥɣǸ׳˶˫ͨ죬һͬͷųԼĵİɸɽ˲䱻ǿ飬ʯͷɳȥ
ߺҲǿһӲȵʯͷԼٵķߺż㣬һľʯ
ÿʯͷҪϵʱ򣬸ߺǰһеֵȻߺ뿪ʱǿʯͷΪ˱顣
ߺƬʯʱϵĽպѾǼ˽ְУؿʼѣݺᣬһڵɰ׵Ĺ
ķʵ̫ˣܹ׵ĽѾ֤⽣պ޵ʵǳǿˡ
ʱպһҳ˵һƫ棬һƿǸ˵ķ弱תеĽȥڶԷؿϼ̻һ
ۡ
ѪӿһѪ˳ƬնѪꡣ
պ޵ĽʮֵĺʮֵĶ·벻ĵط
һæĵ⣬ΧκȻǲ֪ǻ֪Ψһˡ
ǣ޸ͺ⣬Ӱһתܾͳ˾ŵǾŵͬŭһΧŸߺϵתڣγһ֡
еĽǺ飬ٶȲһǸ׳˶ͷ­͸ͷȻתͷ­ѿ
һԽŽʺѪֱøߺֱġ
ԷҲһУϱʱҲʼʧ
պ޵ĽһǳɣֻȻɵĽУ·ĹѾΪܵϰһ
ϰˣԼͬսÿһսһ˶Եˡ
պеĽһеĽ˵ĽĽȻռ䶼̳˿ռѷ졣
ǽͬʵһĹâںǼͷųĵϣȻһͽ֮Ƶˡ
ߺһλ۹Ҳ̫ˣƿҲʮֵ죬ֻһ۾Ϳ˶Էļϵ㣬һڶԷ󲿷ֵ㶼һߵʱĹź
һνͽԷĹĵȫƵˣĿͶ۹⣬ߺ
պһתٴκԷһ˵ȥ
ڶԷҪֵסߺʱ򣬽պѾԷǰеĽ΢΢ʹͽԷҪֵסıֵס
ǸƾԷĽ͸Լ壬ġ
һƮߺ۾һոҪȥ˲زĵطߺҪסԷܴõйϢǲġ
ǣߺû뵽ԼոҪӽǸ꣬һȻԼǰߺһһȦδӸߺг֣ǵ⳹ױ⡣
ԷȻǿ󣬵һֻΪֹߺǸȡ
ߺҲֹһ£պеĽһһתһǸ곹׵ˡ
ڽպ޵Ľ𣬾㷨壬պеĽĴݻˡ
ոɱһˣʣ˵ĹѾˣպ޵ıٵķȥպûзӦȫϡ
պ޵Ƕߵķݣҡҷڿ֮УԶȥ
ߺ˫һʵôһˣǾôˣǲֵ̫ˣ
ţȴûκεĶ֪ԼӦӦóְ֣Ͼ˵ʵʵ̫̬ˡ
ڸߺﵽ˱״̬£кһϳ̵ʵڵĸߺȫûʵ
ңԷôıľ¼ʹߺǰȥᱻľܾзֹߺĿԡ
ԷʮֵĹ¼ţ·֮˵Ĵڣֻһ˶ѡ
պ޵ٵǹһ˿ѪӦˣ棬Ѿɿˣ⼸棬Ȼɳ
Ӷ֮ܿеˮ֣ˮһʮֿµĵӸոնֿʼܵĿʮֵĸܱӲݴʼøɿ
ѾһĸɰɢȵϢռˮҲ׵ˡ
ڣպϵƤѾɿˣһӸɿݵƤ¶ǽպ޺ûиоƵģһ˿鶼ûС
ôᣬ·ϵʹ͸оƵġ
ǸߺˣҲһ˿ڲͬĵط˵ǳ鶯Ĳ
ǣպ޷·Ĺһ㣬ûκεĲ·ڱ˵һ
պޣɱˣҲӦõΪֹ˰ɣǸɳߣĿպޣѾߺ޵˼¡
˭뵽պ޸ͲǸɳߣ˺۵֣һͲںƵʹǱ
һĽû³֮УθߺһԷ֮еĽԪȻԼͷı֮ͬ
ֻߺ֣ԷеǱĻ֣Ȼֻһ룬Ҳ˵Ǳȫ塣
ߺԼͷϵıһɣѲһĻҵͷϣ
޵ҲǺܴ󣬶ҲͼĴСҿôᣬһһš
ߺвˣֻ־磬ߺԳ֮еˡ
̣ÿһλ޲ǧ꣬ĶС
ʹҲԱ˳ˡ
Էȴһǧ꣬͵־硣
Ѿˣ˵ǹţš
ңԷǱô򵥣ӶĵĹ¶ţֻԼ飬νĵȫȫԼ
·ֻ֮һ˻ŶѣҲΪ¶ûбĴڡ
ԷĽУҲͬ⾳һУûлͷһȥ;ͷҲûлء


812 ʱ𣬽񳯿
ʹɳҲǷǳģʵڵǿһ˵ֻܹ죬Ƕһſ緢Ĵڡ
ǣ⼸ʮһλ޿պ鷳ԴӶԷڵ̣ﵽľ磬ǸĴ˾ĸֻ֣ҪʹĿܡ
ԭҲûлɵϣϾһֻҪǴڵʱ䳤ˣ֮Уһӵܡ
¶ˣΪΪ潣ɱӣ޶¸ɾ
֮Уǳţ˵պ޾ǸţԼӵǵ˼ˣ˼Ҹնɱˡ
飬СȥͿˣЩص涼ûж֡
ϾǴûһ֣ͬǲ缸
ǲŲʲôأֻҪԼﱻ˼ɱˣǾҪɱܴԣΨɱ֮пܵĻ˿ɾˡ
ųնģеϵǽõĶø³ǲŹ֡
εˣǳԾ˿ͷһɱĵӣʵе̳ʱ򣬶ԷѾɳˡ
Ƕ̣ˡ
ɳ˺̣ܶһδεĽɱǣȴһδεıɱ󣬲òһļҲǸոյ׳˶ӣ⼸һ
պ⼸䣬һնɱĸĵӣרǵĲһ
ĴˣԼ⵽ôˣôպԼ⼸鷳ҲҲԴ
ֻǲˣպ½һˣ½Ǿʥߵȼ
֮󣬶ԷĴĴĺˣйһѯʲ֪ĸˣҲǴ½ġ
˺ܶ飬ȻǶ¾Ӷ࣬ʵ벻ʲôˡ
еļ̴Ǽȥ۲ˣԣȷһ΢С£ⳡ׵ȷѪꡣ
ⳡԭ򣬾˼֮УһȽϲĵ۹
۹ǱȽϲģʢǣ½֮еȴˣΪееһ󱲣Ǹ۹ʵ۵Ļʺ󣬾ȻһǸ۹
۹Ǹʺ󣬹֡
мֳǾԲܹܵģɱ֮֮ޣ˾Բܹµġ
˼ҵȻǾٹ۹žӽеļȫնɱھڡ
û뵽ǣǱļȻĲǷǣ㳲۹
ﳼʳȫնɱһɶ
ΪɳܵǣǾȻȻǰֻͬǸ֮
ʹ£ʺɣ̫ǹŮ˹ߵ
ȻǾͳˣ˭û鵱һ£Ͼ綼Ͳʲô顣
ǲ֪ǣ۹̫Ϊ飬˶һ١
˾ڵպޣԭ̫ӽ壬ζŰ˶գ̫ƽ˼
󿴵˼Ҿ磬˶׵ıˡ
˼ͳһţΪպޡʱ𣬽񳯿ޡ
ֳޣѾ˹ˣԼʵѪǵĸ²ڴϣ˺ץĺۼֵܳѪʶ
Ѿû壬ûѪӵеֻĳıѪҺ
պޣʣֻʣ˳ޣǶôľ

պ޽еһɱ֮󣬸ոҪתԸʣһߺȴǲԸˣڸߺʵҲԻָһ㡣
˵պ޵Ķ֣һ˻Ǵ´ġ
һֻڿγɣսԼУܵĺ쵽˼µպ޵Ķͣһ¡
򣬸ߺһų˵ۣ֮˶С
ֻоԼĵȻʼˣɳӵеɳֻϧǣߺıոպÿƶԷ
Թ̵ҲǺܸӣҲǵʯ֮䣬պǷӦˣϧԼ嶼챻ˣ͸Լ˼ά
ߺˣһѽǸԼУٺЦˣ˽еļ䡣
ǰʵǿպޣߺҪ˽һ£Ծͽǹպ޵ļصص
˽⵽֮󣬸ߺǷŭŭڣͷ
˵ֱ޲磬˼ʹɱһǧ飬ζࡣ
ߺ̧׿Ͽյպޣһ˿ͬ飬û뵽ˣȻôࡣ
֮ԣЩˣӦöɱģպ޶ڸߺֹгʮֵŭ֮Уŷ޵ɱܵĿһ¾ͱˡ
Ŀռ䣬ߺͲǺ⣬ֻЩ˼ϾԼ⣬ʹöԷܹгˡ
ǱǸĲ֪ʲôܹ𣿡ߺˣΣԼϻûʲôܹԷġ
պ޵䣺ûʲôܲģȻɱھɱ㣡
˵꣬㿪ʼˣһӣһ콣Ӿбնڱˡ
ߺɫһŭ֮ǰ㵽׷ʲôȴſھҪԼߺ޷ܵġ
Լǰһıǽǽһ¾ʹ͸˱ǽ˸ߺǰߺõıǽ׵һΪֹߺоľ
ȻߺûԼĵպһҲûʹԼĵйһҲǽԼıǽһΪˡ
ֻԷĽҲûжٵĹˣߺԼϲ˺һѽ֮УݺݵһѾˡ
ȥ֮󣬸ߺԼľȻһѪۣڲ֮£˲ͻָԭ״
ǣԷĽȻܹ͸ԼĺֱӽԼƸƣϢǿģߺţԷĽǰʱ翵ܹնϡ
ռ͸˵ˣֻԷǿȣߺǲ죬ͨһ⣬ߺ֪ѾǴĽˡ
ҲǴĽˣڴ޵ĺޣ˵ĺޣĺޣڣĺޡ
ǺʮֵǿܹƸߺĺ˸ߺơ
һǶԷɱԼֻѵһԼҪȻĻֻһ£ԼʹܹȫҲûˡ
Էûж׼ԼλãƫԼԴֻԼߵӡ
̶֮󣬰ӲգͿ۳Ȼ֮ԪˣҲǿԻָġ
ʮǿģҪ˵Ҳ޷Ǻޣּµĺޣǿǰڿս޲ʤܹ漣


813 ľ
ⰮȻǿ󣬵ǣǵ֮мЩңȻʱǿ󣬵ԶҲĵ
ΪĵǾԲԲμ˳˵Ĵ顣
Ȼڽ֮ǰŷĺȴԶ޷Ϊϣˡ
ĵûܹר־ǣ޵ĴڳΪĵ֮ǰǷ򹥻ǺģҲܼűĴ
൱ˮһˮ㣬һǼܳɹġ
ңҪµͱ˵ֻҪвһ˿֮ͬ⣬ǰ⣬ΪһɲǼ
ǣгɹĴ֮ˣڸߺûпأ֮УĶ١
е˶ѵһڵĵϿѶȻء
ȻԷûҪɱԼߺҲûôŭˣһЦɱֻʱ⣬ڵûлָ˵ʲô⣬ҪıǾеˣ
պһ¾˼֣ߺ˵ĵȷ˵ȥˡ
ҲףԼǺ޵֧ŵģǣź޵ĽԶ޷ɾĴҲ˵Զûа취ɾһ
Ҫ𣬳׵Ĳ֮еļΪǾܵģΪĸ֮жв档
Ȼպ޶Ը֮µĴڣĶ֡
ź޵ĽǺӾͰһѾıԵˡ
޵͵ǽеһŶѾﵽĽ׶ˣѾܳΪǰһġ
պ޵Ľжǿĺ޾жǿǽ޴ӽ֮ôĽҲ˵
ѾΪˣһһҲܵصĴ
˵պ޵Ϊɴ˶Ϊƣʹ֮󣬶޷ʩˡ
ιأվΣˣպ˵žҪߣʱ򣬸ߺЦ⡣
֪ѾͬԼǸʱˣԼҪһʮϤ˰Լ
ˣպޣȻʮֵᣬǵȷģһǿԽ硣
̫ʱ磬ǿɵģҲ˵ǣǰǿˡ
磬ǳ޴򣬿˵޴ռʮ֮˾ţЩСȻ֮УȴҲǿп޵ġ
޴֮䣬зǳǿһ𣬶ûа취͸
Ψеﵽµа취ɵĳ磬ֻɾĴ֮١
޴򣬼ʹ𼲳ۣҲ޷֮ĺ֮ǣ𣬲ء
Զ߿Աģںʼڵĵһ
˵ͬʯһĵһʯͷһˮһƻ棬һȵȣеһԭʼдڵĵһа
Ȼǲ٣ʵҲ࣬ټЩںõʱ䵱УȴԶ޷ǡ
˵ʯΪûвǣԾûгɾ𣬵Ҳ˼еһõıѡ
Ȼ˼ЩȥˣʹȻ
濪ʼγɵʱΨһڵĵҲΪܹγɡ
˽ģǣҲġ
ĴҪԽɾĴڣҪŵĴȥ
˾ͷٴλʱ򣬼ʹ𣬶޷ըɲô򵥵ġ
˵Ҹô죿ǣʲô취ܹұ𣿡պ޵ɫһη˱仯ɻϣĿŸߺ
Լв֪ˣߵĵһǱ
ߺһЦ򵥣ҵĵûмκεֻҪҳɾ֮λҾͰ㽫ǵΪȫгˣ
ǸߺҪˣҪɾôڵĸߺѾʸˣȱٵֻһ£Ƕʵ˽⡣
Ǵβл֮󣬸ߺоԼڷǳǿڤڤ֮еĴҲô˿˿ĸˡ
ָֻоںһǴ㣬ߺȻҪȴҲš
ÿߺҪץʱָоһƻһһת۾ʧˡ
ǣҪ¸ʱ򣬶ԷȴƮԼԺ֮ƮƮȥߺķѣİ
ҲȷˣԼڶԵ̶ȣҲӽ۷壬һܹ̾ͻһ㴰ֽ׵ﵽ
ֻһʮͻƣҪߺϵĵ򣬲͸һк֮±
ģǿģдڵıҪǴڣǱǱ롣
ڵպޣߺǺޱû裬Ѿ־ᶨˣοһ·ɱﵽڵľ硣
ģߺδŵģǼߺҲԾΪݡ
ߺԺȥǸ߼ҵĺˣˣԸ߼ҵΪɱ⡣
ң˵飬ߺҲ룬ʢ˥ܣߺȥʡ
ԼļҲʣûг˲˥һжɣʹ𣬶ûа취͸˵ڵĸߺˡ
ԽߺԽǸоǿǰ˵Ҳ죬ڿʱǿЦһЦô޲ɼ
ߺһͷϵǶڸߺУǰ˹ȥ
պ޿һ𺳣Ҫ˵ĶԲҲǼðģǶԷеıɲΪǼðġ
ʥϢʮֵܵʮֵʥϢңԼеʮֵǺϡ
Լеպʮֵ˼½ʱ֮еõȻǳǿ󣬰ȹһѹء
ʱѾ˲ߣ˼֮еǿҲ٣ʼǿҵϡ
ʥ˭˲Ҫƾʥ˺ܶǰ½ĸ֡
ڲߵȼʱ򣬾ѾնɱͨĲˣȵ۽׳ʱѾնɱĲߣɾ۷Ĳˡ
ʥ֮ǲô򵥵ģܹϵԽսһ·ɱ漶֪ٴ˼䣬ԼҪЩϹﶢϡ
ңԼˣҲ˼䣬ԲѹԼʥ֮ƿգԼȥ硣
Ϊˣպ֪ʵģҪĻλãһ롣


814 ˣ
ߺǽպޣպ޲ûн֣Ļ˵˸ߺɱҲɱˣûʲô˵ġ
ɳҲʲôҪˣȲףҲʲôȨˡ
Ǹ֮Уɳ۷̣ϵȨˣҲܶѣʲô˲Ĵڡ
ǸߺȫʢʱڣԸҲֻǼ֮飬ʵҲ޼
Ψһͬľǣߺ֮ûк޵ǣߺв
Ȼĳ̶ֳûк޵ǿ󣬵ʹûĵط෴кܶƵĵطеศɵĸо
޳˲ڵڣⲻԴԶĴڡ
ûгͻԽӵǿǸߺ۷ʱպս˵ʤ治˵
Ҳֻһʱʤ۳ãߺʤɣڸߺֻոһֵĲл꣬Ѿӽˡ
Ǿֻһ֮ңǰ벽֮ңߺֻҪҵʣǲ꣬ɾһҲǰ϶顣
뷨ߺľˣԼǰĴڣһ𣬻֮ߡ
𣬸ߺĲǶʲôĴڣʹ淢ĶֻҪ治ҲûĿܡ
ǹ˼Ҽʹôĸı䣬ûŪ˶ѣ˯һǧ꣬ڻȪ֮лָء
ڼʹͨ𣬿¶ûа취ɱ˼Ұɡ
ձ󰡣˼ô˵Ҳ֮λʹʱҲƲһܹͨ˺ġ
Ǹʱߣ˵˺ǲһҲǲܵġ
ǿ󣬼ʹ֮ʱҲ׸ġ
ڣ˼ҼϻȪ˵վͿɻָ۷壬ǸʱֿԺ绽꣬ˡ
ԼĻôأ
պҲ֪ԼѰĿ¾Ͳô򵥵Ĵˣ˼ҵ涼ˣҲӦóˡ
֮ǰЩˣǱĻҲͬ˴ܣһСһָ֡
ʹٲãԷҲһСд˲С˹
ǣ͵ǸС˼ҵļͣͲǵȻЦ֮Խˡ
ҪƤҪЩָô㣬ҲøҪ³ɣ
պѾûʸˣܹģԷԼΪ
ǣѾǲܵˣһߴӵͼߵڣǳǰ߸ϵʱ򣬶ԷܻôǣûΪЩ˻ʹˮ
ͱڵĸߺǷԭ磬Ϊþʱգκˡ
ǣһʧԼΪ˲ͿĽ֣һЩʱ˲õߣҲҪĴմ֡
룬ǰǸ߸ϵߣԼĴڣ˼ҲͷͿԼгһգȻһƽˣ۸һʲôо
ԣЩԸԼҲԲԸԼΪ̫ˡ
ЩҲɱҲǵ
ͻ֮ǰ֮ң˲ϢΪʧ֮󣬰֮࣬ҲĹ⾰ǻű
ҪߵĻûиʮ£ǹǺܹġ
ԣպҪߺиˣֻҪֻܹҪܹгˣʹΪūΪҲĸԸ
ߺҲģгһգˣʵУĲΪˡ
߶Իʮֿصģ̫ʱڣȽǿʱڤڤ֮ԼвһĻԺԲʲô³
ң̫ʱͷĸӵĿ졣
ߺպޣÿһ䣬պæµ꣬ҲͣһʱˣϢǼ˵ȴǲôĺá
Ͼ˼Ҵˣ˼ʧӰ٣ȴδ˼ңⲻ֤ǵ
ʱգ֮е̫Ҳڳˣֻڸߺ˾ǵĵҲ̫ԶˣǸ޷Ӧ
綼䶯ˣǶ֪ߣɳΪĴˣ̿ʼ츲صѰһպ޵ˡ
ЩһĴڣÿһ鶼ˣԷһɳʮ飬Ѱպ޵ˡ
֮⣬Ĵ֮еİ𣬶ȫѰպޣѾк̱ܶɱˣԷȻݵע⣬ɴɱһǧܷŵһ
ǣΣǶҲպ޵Ӱӣ·ʹ˼һʧӰ١

ھĵطˣǰ칬Ҳλãֻֻռ˶ߣߣϱ߱߶ûռݡ
ֻҲȷǸģֻһ֮ضûУʱ֮ڣߺҲڵЩбżȡ
ƾŸߺպ޵ʵЩżͲʲôһδεĽԭ֮Уߺ֣ԼıԽԽ
ǰߺֻǲοԭȵطĺʹǿʱ籾Դ֮Ҳһĵزˣ͸򲻵ʲôˡ
Σߺ̫ʱ籾Դ֮ԭǿ˲ٰ֪ٱǺ̺֮ıϢҲǰġ
ԣθߺȻøԽԽӽı˽ıҲľǰıȱݣھȻԽԽˡ
ͨʱ䣬ߺľΪԽӵľպ޷֣Լһʼߺ֣ʱıǨߺٶԽԽˡ
ʼʱǽ·磬ŸߺıԽӵľʱϸһаʽġ
Ȼһʼսȫ·磬ڸߺǰӲУͻȫܡ
ѾתˣǸȥϱˣϱߵʱҸоΪҲӦͻƵȼˣ
ߺһ֮ϵĺʼۼٶȣС󻯳ƽס
ٴԼ۾ʱڸߺ£һĺٴγɣ״С֮ǰıһ޶ΨһͬǣӵļӲӵĺ䡣
СӣСӵıҷһսڸߺԼ۾һʹ˸ߺĶ䡣
ߺȻԼ۾ǰӰһǺ޲һĨʦʦʦ֡
˲ǱˣǸߺĶʦֻڵʱᣬǷ˵ס
ߺܹĸоΪѾˣԼΪѾһܹﵽ𣬶ԷȴԼǰʱԼȴ˿ĸо
Ҳ֤ԷѾһˣ̫ҲǴߣ̶ҲԼǸߺһοء


815 ľ
ߺûɵԼǰȥʦ֣ȻԼİܶ࣬ҲҪԼɲţ̫ţڵĲʶԼ
ߺڵЩ֣շ׵˵׵ӦòųϹʱڣǲ̫̫ܳʱڵġ
ʱݵλԼǸʱùʵ˵ȫʢʱҲǷ׵֮κ֮һĶ֣ƾжѡ
Ҳ˵ʱΪӦĻ˭ʸǵʦأ
ԣߺһ׵𣬲ʲôϹŴתɡ
Ļ˫ħ𵽵ǺҲܹ⼸˵ʦΪҲ̫Ͳǡ
̫ʱ˱ʱԼǸĶ꣬˵ʱҲŸողǣҲǳɾһ
ȻسʼڵģǹһĴھͱȽˡ
ǰֻһ֮ѣѾɾһȴҪҾе㲻ʰɣߺһ̣ί˵
ʱԳé®ǻѪߺ仰󣬷һ£˵ĵҲȷЩ
ߺһת֪ڴʲôΪ
Լͷȷ˵ڵΪǡɣ
ߺ
պޣ
˵𣬻ߣ𣬵˵˰˵һˣң˵ôʾأва
ߺϸһ£ҡҡͷ黹ǲҪˣɲɹܹ»ɡ
ڵԼպ޶ҪǿպԼսԼҲ򲻹ôһҲǶԷĶְɣ
ģҺΣдһ£ЩҪҪҵӰ
˵ŸߺŶ޿ǲ֪һͬ̽µź
ԱߵĿԾޱ飬кݺݵĳ¡
ںˡպ˵뵽Ȼ͸ߺһʱ䲻ǺܳǶڸߺҲе˽ˡ
ͱ˵˼Ҿ¥УҡڵĽȥ԰ʲôģ˼ҵõʱǮһͨ˵ǡ
޷Լһ˶һϱûȡ޷ģѾкüˡ
Ȼ̵ǴڣÿһҪԼΪ׬ǮΪǿĸֱӻӵֹ
Ȼ˵Լˣ˵Żһƴļơ
Էڸߺ̵磬Ȼ˵Ц˸ߺˣתۼ䣬ߺͻָԼ
ȫһҪļһ˵ʲô飬Ҫʮ֮
˭˭Ҵǣߣ㱨ȥ֪ΣȻ˸ߺѻֽҪΪߺ𣬽Щвߺȫɱ
ߺ͵ЦͬʱҲЩ죬ڵǻѪЩ⣬Լʦ𣬺źܴĲࡣ
ǸȻ˵ǴӶԷֻƬ֮䣬Ҳܹһˡ
ߺЩǷŵ˼ҵǰͲš
ڸߺҪ˵ʱ򣬵ϵɳӾȻʼٵзȥһ޴ɳһ
ͬǣɳķȴһµģǿУܵĻľȫɿݣؿʼѿһѺۣɳӻĿռ䣬΢΢𶯡
ЩɳڿһӰߺպ޻Աߵȥ
պޣɱӵܣɣӰһӣʪ֮еˮֶʼƬոջʮֵַĴأһƬɳĮ
ſŻɳ̺ǿֹֻɳûб߼ʵɳĮߺΧ档
ɳɳһɳ֮еɳ𣡡պɫ䣬Ա߿ٵ˵
ǸԼѣַ·ǸԼѣĳоԼǰ
ԭһ̿һҪɱԼһޱȵĿֻţǣڵպ˫֮ȴԹ޵Ĺâûǰơ
֪ģߺβ֪ԷʹõĵȷɳΪɳ
һɳӴӸߺϻߺǲԼϵǲ㺮˲䱻ƣһ˿Ѫ
ʲôߺ˫ԲɳʵҲ̫ǿ˰ɣԼõǲ㺮Լǲıõġ
ԷɳӾͿƿԼķֱõԼϣνǿһĵزˡ
ڣߺŲĵδĵжĲ࣬ǸͲ֮Ĳݵˡ
ڸߺ׼պߵʱȴĴЦһСӣ㵹ǻˣųͦģԺҲҪô
˵һȭöɳӺȥһȦεĲӶԷȭ֮кһʱ䣬Ǹطһը죬ɳϯȥ
͸ÿһ䶯ʱͬ죬ʱͬ׾ˡ
һȭΪĴÿһǣ˻겻ᣬÿһͷһ
ߺòæȶǶԷȥĻԼ񶼻ᱻɢ˵ͻɴ
Ҳǿˣ⹥зǳǿʵʹһӵзʤ񹥻
ʹߺպˣΪڹķΧ֮ڣֻɢ˵类ɢˡ
𶯣ͽռˣԶǧǧ֮ڵκֻҪޱɪɪΪԲģ˲ɢ
ѹѹе׵׵֮оȻѹһѹɳ˶סˣǺֹͬһһûļ䡣
ĵɳģɳܵ𼸺ųɾŵһػ㱡
ɳ㱲ʱһɳǰԼ֣һƣɳϡ
ɳ˶סˣһȻˣҲ׵Ľ֮ˡ
ңɳɾҲѾǧˣûгΪʱҲûִܵ
һ湻ݵģһƴɳĶ˶ɳ˱ǻججɵĿ
Ҳƣ˵ͷСӣӻʰ㣬ʦ
ߺ֮Ҳǳ׵ˣһﵽڸʲôѲҪɳΪͽ
𿴵ߺǲı飬ٺһЦǰʼʦʱҲһʦһƽҴˣ仰Ҳǰպ«ưѧģ
ߺεҡҡͷʦ֣Ĳˣ˵ⷽ棬Ӧöѧѧ
˵꣬ߺ©ɳٴεΡ
ž
ߺɳߣȥһƣȻƢʮ˵Ӵľ㣡


816 һ
˼ĵ˵ͷŶǸǸ˭˵ô˵𣿡Ҫ˵̻ǲ͵ġ
оߺ˵仰ЩԾתͷվǵպޣѯʵ״
ǣʶˣպޱ˵ˣǸߺҲǰġ
ѯʣԷҲֻһȻ˫ĵطȥ˿
Уֻг޺Լĸߺû֮֡
ǳɽֳĺӣ黹ĲǺպ޵ı֣Ǻ⣬ȫպĬˡ
ãҾˡʲôشһ
ɳʱѾӦˣԺԼ˫ֻۣоԼջʹһͬһλá
յһ𣺡̫ˣŪˡ
ôĻһүǵ˵˸оʮֵĹ죬ֻڵɳѾȫȦˣôЩϸأ
ֻоԼϻȻȵģǸոߺ͵ƣǸ߸ϵ𣬱˦ơ
ȻͬΪ𣬵ÿһʮֵԼУ֮ûһҪΪԼһȼĵˡ
οִ˵ķʽ˲˵ϣʹǿҲˡ
һƾ˴Ǿ͵ȫɥʧˣһûϵߣѾ˼ǱΪµģҲǸӴġ
Ϊʤ伫ֻҪа취ͻʹãֲֻˣΪѾɥʧˣûʲôܹǱˡ
ǣΪɥʧϵľΪһħֻҪ𣬾ͻоԵķŭʹѻǼ˲ҲԺ
ǻһǲκˣǵĵеһ˰̡
ɳĺܱߣΪһé®𣬸Ͳں֮Ĭ
ƺоߺĻ˵ĺܡԾȻһδεʵʵĶȻվǰɳΪ˺ܺõʵ
ƺˣȽɳΣȻһƽɳɣôһ䣺Ӵľ㣡
Ȼжϵı֣Ǿֵåڵһ֧̣Ǿ͸ӵˡ
ܶʼɳ˶׵ɵˣðǣҰ
֮Уɳ𲢲ûзһôûУÿһԼɳƬ񷶼һƬɳĮ
ҲͷĺɳըһǣɳɳȻǲƣȫɢˡ
ɳȻҷӵŭˣԼƣֱðžžĳɳϡ
һӡɳϲϵķٳ֣Ѿˣܹ֮Էϳһӡ
ɳȻоԼеһˣͬʮָɾѾԶ޷ںˡ
ɴԼʮֽ˵һ򰡣Ϊֹ
ɳǿĻһ˿Ժ棬ߺĲףԺ
ֱĴˣԴʶڣûгԹôۣܶսǣôۡ
գƽ޹ʵĴһˣȴоۣĺˣľƣ
ֹͣȥɳˣоԼˡ
ʱɳ׵۶ˣֻ㳦էһΪĸɾˡ
ߺĵ˵ͷ˵һ䣺ӣʲôʱģôûǵأ
ɳûбߺܣΪڵƤˣڵƤȷǹˣߺжûôƤ
˰ɣߺߣɳ۾λãԼͷųĹâ
ߺ˲˲Ҫ޵аڸߺо˸ѶԸˡ
ǰһ㽫֮׻ɱˣôȥˣôȥ˵Ĳɳ𣬶Լ
ǣӰһĿɳӸոλϯȥ
ɳˣպнžĽʱ׼Уʹ֪ԼĶ֣ҲҪƴһ
ּʹҲҪ¶Էһͷƣߺ𾪣Щ࿴
ףǰ꣬ʵȴΪλƣϾʲô
Ҳ˵ԶᷢϣҲԶףΪʲô֪ȴ˵֮еôġ
սҪʱ̣˳˼

ոҪڸߺǰɱʱˣǰȻ˳˼
ǣʱ򣬿кȻ޷Ժһص翪ʼڵϻƶ
ǿ縲ǷԲʮǿķ羢ⷽԲʮ֮еһжȫĴݻ١
ߺڶҪˣ̫ʱô£Ҳ̫Σ˰ɣǷ
ԼǸ翴һ۷״̬ûпȴӶĿʼ֡
ĵǮǴ
ɳɵķԲĻɳǿϯɫˡ
ֻЩɳ̺֮ĵʼڿ֮ɢ෴ģǿķ羢ȴԽԽǿˡ
ߺĽſʼվˣ绹ûвߺĽ¾ͿʼЩ鸡忪ʼλƶ
λɳϵı䣬ȴиӦ忪ʼı͸ɫֱߺԷĴˡ
ԷȻʧӰˣǣ֮еı֮ȴһϵпռ飬ϵпռγɡ
һƬ֮еľɫʼط֣һʼֻӰıʵ塣
ԭƬ磬ܵɳӰ죬Ѿ仯һƬɳĮȴһƬޣھңԶĵطЩطĿռȻʧӰ٣ޡ
ǿĿռһдģߺ˫۶֮ǰεĻɣǰˣǲԼʦ
ڣȷˣǰɣڸߺӡ֮Уûκһܹռʹõ졣
ǹڣҪԷ𾳽磬ڿռһ棬Զ޷ȡ
Ŀռ俪ʼܰΧ￪ʼγһƬĿռ䣬Ƭռ֮УߺоԼıƺܵѹơ
ԷɳҲƺߵľͷΨǿռ֮еǾ޴磬ƺ֪ƣƵģܶʼת
ħʼռɣһĿռ俪ʼ飬ռ֮жаĺ
صһ磬ڵȵˡһЦݴħ֮д


817 ɾ
Ǹ޴ħӰأͲƬռӰ죬ͰĿһĿ磬ĿڵԺͽзˣħ磬ʦ֣
ߺɫһҲֱ̫˰ɣھҪ˼Ϊӣ˼ͬͬ⣬Ҳ̫Ե˰ɣңǰ磬ȻǷҲӦġ
û뵽ǿ֮оȻĴǱǸһǲͽܣ
˵ĲǸߺǸߺǰѾʧӰٵ
ħӰ˵ͷȻ˵ȷҵĵӣڽ׶ȫħס
ǿϲ񣺡ððҾͰΪʦֻ㵽˭
ħȻʼС󻯳һ߳ߣףȻǺ˧ȴͿԽԽоԼķ·ޱߵĺڰ
ԼУصʮֺõĲ̻ӰһԼԺ֮ߺ˫ۿʼͨ죬һĥԹŭʼԼĵ׳֡
һˬӸߺļƣߺʶ˲ѣȻȻĿǰǸħӰ
ߺԱߵպޣ˫۽գͷ֮麹ޱԹ޵ʼպ޵ϱԹ޵ǿԱߵĸߺоľս
ףһߺҵĸо⣬ϵϢطʱո룿㲻ʱյ˰ɣ
ߺݺݵһ£ԴΪ˷ԼδˣԼڣȻĻǾ֪ԼǴӱʱġ
ѲɣܰȻƬʱգǵȷƬʱ֮ˣϵϢң
Ǹ˺˳˼ϵĿʼ˼ߺݡ
û뵽һﻹһǳִŵļһΪ˸ߺݣȻȥԼǸյǸͽˣţǼ֮С
ߺһ󺹣һôģôϵĳëô϶а
ҵȷʱյˣһ飬ɱԸɣȻԷ֪Լݣߺ֪ҪҪıԷȻǲܵġ
Էһʮֵ崿ҶԷΪ֮ߣҪӡ
ɳѾվǲҶˣ·ǰһħаĸԴһ
ڣߺ˵ħ˫ħôħҿǸոǸһʦˣˣ
˵ɫɷףûܵ˼·Ѿ϶Լˡ
֪ʹԼҲ޷ߣֻҪԷ룬Ǿӵ˼磬ԷҲǻ
ߺ⼸仰ȴ𣬴˾ȻԼʦ𡪡˫ħ
ôǰݺ֮Լʦˡ
˫ħһ۸ߺߺľϲıȫӳףߺΪʲôԼЦԽԽá
ǲʲô˫ħǸưȻܹоԼʲôûУ̲סв鿴
˫ħ֣еۣ۳ʵͣһħľӡ
澵֮󣬸ߺ̴ʧɫ˫ħ𵽵ôĴڰһ֣̫ʱھѰٵĴڡ
澵ӣԪԪ۳ɵľӣ˫ħ̫ˣ¡
ʵԪڵĸߺѾõĲˣˣ˲ܹΪߺʵָ۷塣
ҿҲûʲô˫ħȻߺߺ͵һӣʲô
Ȼ仰Ҳ룬ڵĸߺأ˵ԼնԷ˫ħƢҲѲƤ
ȿȡǰҪʲôߺɿεʵ
˫ħ𱻸ߺһҲסˣ㻹Ҹʲôһʲôأ
ߺ˵ϾСôʣδԵԼ̫ˣһСԼҪʲôԼٷȥʶԷʲôԼⲻǸ˼Һ
ȿȣֻΪָһ䣡еģӦˮͬԴҵһˮļһˮǷǳǿ󣬼ʹңҲвԷ
˫ħ˵⣬ͣ䣬ȻԼ۾ϸϸ˼룬ʱ˵Ļ
ˮ֮Դʼ֮徻ģģ˴󡭡
˫ħʼԴԴϵ˵ߺȥǣԼȥ
԰ߺǰֻǿ˺ȴˮǱԭҲ˵ˮǱ
ˮڣˮγɵģҲһ𾴵ڣңԱˮӵĸɾ
ˮһ覴ãǿ̾ͻܽ⣬泹׵ܽ⣬ƬˮΪһƬա
ͬǼµĺʹһˮҲ˳£˵ʲô覴ˡ
˵⺮ױħȾˣոտ˫ħһۣħߺĺȻˡ
һ仰Ȼ󣬵ڸߺһ㣬ߺ鿪ʼסˣ֮еȻǱĿռ䣬ʼһߺ֮ꡣ
ģʼ۳Ԫ˫ħһҪߺеıô
ѾΪɫӵԪʼһ˿˿Ԫ񣬽뵽ߺ֮С
ǣЩ˿˿ħһ㣬ֵ˸ߺ棬˵˿ЩħȻ޴ȥڿ֮۳һ
Щ壬ߺģһ޶ÿһߺΪ൱ʼߺ
ħٵĻƿռ䣬뵽ߺ֮ڣߺɫ̣Լ۾棬ʼһ˿ĺǺƱȴ쳣ļ̡
ߺôȻվͬ겻ɣƾǵħԼ幥Ǳĺɢֻһ˿˿ͽħסˡ
ЩԪʼߺۣһ˿˿ĺʼ뵽˸ߺ֮Уĺʼڶ⣬ʼᡣ
ֻٶȷǳģԭⳤģʼ˺ɵˣӨ͸ͬˮһ㡣
һģߺ£֮Уе˶ûжռûб䣬ǿȻֹͣˣôͣ˰֮С
ڿӵʱ򣬰µͣƵģֻӰʮֵĹ졣
ɳվģһҶպǽԼ˫ۣԼħ֮С
Դӿ˫ħһ֮ޱ޼ʵĻþ֮һ㡣
Ȼ֪ǻþ˫ħʼ֮ʱһвħҲ֮λƾպ޵Ϊôѵĳȥأ
ߺͬв޶ħıǿħδ֮ʱͳ׵ˡ
䡭
󣬸ߺ۾ȻâӸߺ۾֮˳ȥĿռ䣬̱ˡ
ˣôͳɾ𣿡˫ħԼ۾૵


818 
ߺʼ˱˫֮ͬһĿ֮аѰߺһۣеĺͻֱͷʱҲһ³
˫ħԱ߲ϵԼ֣úúã㵹һţȻֻ˿֮ȴܹ֮ͻƳΪǲˣ
֮ĴڣܵӵĴڣڣߺڳΪ𣬴Ӵ֮ǿսԿȥá
ߺֻǵվǣе˶оվŵĲһˣһŲ䣬Ųıɽһ
ôʥǧ֮⣬մΧһжҪΪһ
ǰߺ˫ħ֮ɫһ˲ͻڸߺѾɵĿԼıˣǱҡ
˫ħ˵ͷʾЩ̵ħ֣Ƕ˫ħ۵ľġ
ߺϵǵĹ֮ͻɱ֮ġ
ڣߺı֮ˣұԼԤ֮иӵļǿЩħĹڸͲܸߺκε˺
ߺͻƳȻҲ͸£Լ˫֣ؿڵλãشغʼγɣٵĽЩħֱ⣬УȻԼ֮С
Щħּȴ޼£ЩĽ֮뵽ߺС
ڸߺԭλãһöӨ͸ˮ֮Ĵԭ֮࣬еѪģǳ͸
ħ뵽ߺ֮У˳ŸߺѪȫ뵽ߺ֮С
һĹڸߺ֮ͫУɫħ˳ɽ֮ȥ
ֻһ£ɽ̱ĺӿǷϵɽϽһħɽ档
䡭һէ죬ߺĿռȻ˺ѿˣһ˫ֳ֣һߴӰ˸ߺǰ
ߺԷûп壬Ϳһ޴ȭͷԼԽԽǣƾԷеϢߺܹĸо׵ǿռ
̫ʱܹʹó׵ģڼôĿռ֮ģҲΨһ˶ѡ
ߺҲû˿ԥ˫΢΢һܾͿʼ˺е϶һ㺮ǡ
оԼĺԼĵ׳׵ĶԽԽ
ŶԷĶߺӶĺʼϳͣ۳һ澵ӡ
ȭͷ䵽˾棬һ𣬸ߺɵ澵澹Ȼֻһơ
Ķһǳɣž綥ϥȳ顣
һĶȥߺ溮ľӾȻĿʼ飬ıж˹ȥ
ͫһ˫۽ĵԼǰһԲεĿռ俪ʼ˫۽ĽγɣЩıİΧ档
ಡ
лƿռ䣬뵽Ŀռ֮У棬ٴγһռ䣬ߺЩдл
Զĺɽ˶ΪɽһЩȫ롣
ߺı䵽ԭҰϣƴݵԭʼɱԭӱ֮ͷųһĺʼڲԭɣһɫԭ
ߺսڼһŭÿһз캳ص֣·綼ʼըס
Щը׾ոɳûа취𺳵ľ㱻ûɢ
ǸߺԾվǣɫһ˿һûиı䣬ԼƣֱֱðĺðߺܵĿռȫסˡ
ߺһһĺӸߺıըɫĺҡֱϣֱߺһܹպħͷ
ɫĺͨһԲǽʼݺݵȥ
һߺһһȦбߺɫֹסˡ
תȥһ˺˼ѿռ䣬𾪵һĻˡ
֮ǰһ˺ͿԽǿռ˺Լʧ޾Ŀռѷڿռ˵Сһ
ǣû˺һ˫ͨץ򺮱ռǺһֻǳ˼ץۡ
ߺҲҲһ˺ĺָ۳ɵУ𱬷ץƣ캮ٴ¡
𲻷׻˵Լƣߺץȥؽڴ죬糴һ
ǣʱȴԽԽ󣬽ߺмһжˡ
ߺϲǵ¶һ˿΢Ц
ԭոľӣڲ֮£Ȼʼٴεۣ±һ澵ӣǲϷƵֵ档
ǺʼˣǸߺɵıɵģһӵв֮ıɫĹâʼҫݻٵһ
˫ħںҡҡͷֵ˵ͷʲôôоСӵıԶƵأԶḯһ̫ǿˣֵһ̽
Ӵˣ˫ħʼר־оΪר־оߺͲ˫ħ֮иܵѧᡣ
˫ħΪԽĸߺѧ˲ĸߺΪ˫ħ˲
˵˵İţҲΪЦ
ڤڤ֮еİţߺǲȥ˷ͲϷҲᱻʯ͹
˫ħͲʶҲ˲򣬶Ժĸߺ˵ˡ
һתһתתȥ
ȥһʦħװɣСѾ۳֮ģͲħ׵ף
˫ħ𵭵˵֪Ĵ󲿷ʵԼ׵ء
ף֮սģ˵ǣΪԲģֻףͿɢԷԷ֮
ϧߺޱȵۣ棬һɫļ̺ػ
ʮ֮ûˣֻʣһ̵ĺˣǺǱ
ڸߺҲֻǿñѣһ죬ߺ뵽Լ֮УĲٿرôߺˡ
ڿеľ޴ȻٵСγһӰӰʮֵƮݣ·һץͻƮ
˾֮һ磬ӲǵڣѾȥܳʱˣ˫ħڽôΡ
Ŷ𡭡
𳤵ʮֵ˧һɫ·˫ħķεмƣѧġ
Ӱһչһ翪ʼӽߺˡ
УߺɱɵĺʼŶԷΧķ羢裬ģǺǽ׵ʧˣŷ羢ʼڿ衣
ߺô׾ʶкɣһɱ͵ϵķУеĺ˷ԲʮɴСĺ
ɡ


819 ǧ
޴ıɴ쫷֮룬ܵߺǣٶȱʮֵѸ٣ټ쫷֮е˦ٶȸǿ硣
˲쫷ıŸߺǰҶȥ
ԼǰһĿռ䣬ߺҵ棬ĿռһֻĲƴɢ
ߺһĺ̴Ǿ޴ıɣһͬСǴһĺϵĳС
ģıԽԽ٣ɫȴԽԽ԰ס
ǰƬСռ䣬Ҳʼƴʾ
Ǽǿռ֮Уѹյһݣǿռڳܲסôǿˣȫ顣
ĺʼӿг֣ͺƾճһӿȥɫһ𣬿ɽһıԼ
ӰһǰĿռ俪ʼƣεĲǰЩȫ˱ĩ
ǣɵסǰͺ̵ıɣ⵱һʱȴ޷һ
Ĳǰסɣı˶ɱĩҲⲻǱɽһǶѡ
еķƲãӰһսŸߺٵϯһΧκԡ
ٵŸߺϯȥߺУߺվڿ֮Уһɫʼ䡣
ɽ紵ƺѻߺĬĬ˵ܵķ޷һ˿
ֻܹ绯Ƥʼɻһ˿˿ѺۿʼƤֳѪӿߺϿʼ绯ƿʼϳ֡
⡭ߺ³һ֣һ䲻ȴʯ쾪ı仯ܵķ翪ʼûȻֹͣ
ߺ忪ʼ仯Ƿ绯ƤʼĻָԭ绯ƤʼþӨ͸綹⻬ϸۣ͸Ƥһ
粻ֹɽ붨粻ߺھһɽס쫷Ĳϴһٵļֹͣ
ߺɫһ˿仯ûУƾ쫷粻ϵĴ
¡¡
ڸߺҪʱϿʼۼһƬƬƣԲǧﶼ˲ơ
ǿﶼͷǻ۲ߵһɲǼֹͣסˣɪɪڽһ˲š
Сݴͷ˸ߺڵλãܵһжûһ˿һķ缣
ҶҲˣȱ˺ٵˮһܵһпʼüž
ߺѾɾȻҪǳΪ׽ˣߺոճΪԵȸߺıȹ֮ܵ׽ٲſʼ
ڣɹˣҲڹߺˣߺѾķΧ֮ˡ
𿴵ϵ׽֮󣬲һ£ȻߺȻĵ˵ͷԭԭడ˵
ߺһģŵ亹ԭһֱΪԼడҲӿ϶˸ߺһسȻĻǾԲ˵ⷬġ
ৡ
֮һ⣬ֵڵضˣ·һУ񷻮롣
ߺһݣǿ磬֪Լε׽СˣҪģֻǰöѣûء
룬ֻԿһϷԼ˫ۣŭһ𡭡𡭡
ޣȴҲ˷ޣʲôԣϵĽһķڣС˺ܶࡣ
ߺܹĸо棬׵ٵɢˣ뵽˿֮С
ߣ˻ǣ˼񿴵˾һɢǸףû˿ԥ
𵭵Ŀ˸ߺһۣǸƮݰĸߺԼĶ̲סƮ
Ϊ֮һƷ磬ֻǿһ۾˸оƮȻߺ˲Լͷϵĺ񣬲ֹסԼе룬ȶסˡ
ߺҾһӣʵҲҾͰһѣ˵ţڷϼɳȥ硣
ǷڿвϵϷɣǣǺܴȴøߺобʲôϢ
ƮеʱӴĽٴС˲١
֮ǰ˵֮еʮĻôҲֻʣ˰˳ɶѡ
˫ħһЩСħǣħֶĶ֣ʲô취Ͽҳȥ
˵Ǻܴ󣬵ǽƶȻһɡ
˵ıҲˣһ֮һħ֮׵ڣ֮ڡ
ɺܶɵģΣߺĽħ׵Ѫаʮɡ
Ȼģ˵ļ
ǣǽƣж׵ħ⼸С
˫ħħףħ⼸ڣ˵ʹ⼸ϣҲƽɫĴڡ
ֻ֮٣ɢȻûǰ⼸ǿˡ
ǣߺڶȹҪȻĻĽԳ֡
Ҫ֪ĴڣƿһǾƽɫĴڣȻˡ
˵ҪǴһϵƿأǺƽƽĴڡ
ֻҪдǧǧǾ⣬ƴһսĻǾܾ˵Ľ˵˫
ֻƾż˵ĻͽߺĽɣȻߺ̫ء
Լı֮ģǲ׵ħţʹǷҲǸߺĶ֣ǱϾһ㹥Ĵ͵ԼȹĿܸһЩ
һӦ׵ĽҲΪ׽ʧˣԾûٽ¡
Ƿ٣ûУϵĽ˰ˣΪ˼һĴڣȷ涼ûˡ
ǻĻһֻ֣ݺݵ
ߺɫ䣬Ŀſеƣһ˿΢Ц־һƣһģڸߺðİɫڿпٵۣǻһСĺơ

뺮ɣĻ濪ʼ˷ȥĺٴ۶°ס˻档
ߺȻֻ½𣬵ǱΪѾǳ˿ˡ
ʵҲн޵ģ˵ܹƽôͻᱻǧ
ǱΪǧԴƣǳƽʮôѾԿͨˡ
ԣҲᱻǰ벽ߡ
Ĵ֮ǧĳ̶ȣǧǿȡ
ߺԼ޿ɱıټϱ֮еʱѾﵽ˿ֲǧˡ
ԸոսΪ˵Ϊǧ飬޽УʹصһոճΪʱҲֻǧѡ


820 պ޵ѡ
ƶԸߺ˵СһʵͲʲôҲǺ⣬ϾֻͨĴΡ
ߺڿͨı߸Ͳһϡ
֧֣ϣȸߺǿ࣬ߺͲõġ
ڸߺڶɻٵʱңԶĻһȻԼ۾
˵˫֮к޾ĻڷȼգһŭڷߺţǧĻ֮˲ʧһơ
֮޷˲䳹Ĵڣֻһ˿˿ĥǣµռ䡣
滹δγɵʱԭһƬ磬Ȼ󣬻ʼ磬һ濪ʼγɡ
Ҳô˵磬ܹĴڣͬҲǿĵˡ
ǻһµôͻ˵缴ǶˣС
˹ƾԼĿ⣬ܹһ˿ɢһ˿ò˵˵ʵǶôǿ
ߺߣˮ԰ֱˮὫҵĻϨձأڻıֱתΪˮΪһֿյĵ̬ҵʵߺߣˮ֪ʲô취ҳΪҵˣ
˵֮ǸȫðŻӰֻǵ˵һ䣺棬ʹʧɣصҵ
仰·Խʱգ˸ߺߣ뵽֮УǻɢеĻɢˡ
֮еǸӰԼ°ܹͣɳʲôز
ûдֱӽߺΪڵĸߺ˵̫ˣҲǺ⣬ΪߺҪΪǾԲܵ顣
ȼĴ˵ȻǿҲƲĶ֡
ʹܹǿ󵽼£ǲͻһ㣬ɲɲĶ֡
ߺɵĮȴɲ˭ڰаԼߺӦÿĵģڸߺȴôĲ
˫ħȰͬоһ˿ѰУʲôı
ںĽ֮УߺԽӵķˣΪ֮󣬻ֱƵĸоƵĽ
˽֮Уһĺʼӽ֮ɣڽ֮ееʼ۳˺
顭
һȪˮˣǻݺȴ˶䡣
ߺɫڻָһεķйߺڲʧȥǵ״̬ˡ
һڸߺǰ˲ͳһߺɵĺ󺮱飬ƬռҲˡ
պ޵ԱߵĿռ䣬Ҳˣߺһռ䣬Ǹռĵط˳Ŀպޡ
պߺָһ˳պ޵Ͻ뵽պ޵֮С
мɫħִպ޵֮гպ޵оȻĬĬˮ
۾պޣߺӶԷп޾ϰˣľ
ڻĺ㣬Ҷϣٴο㣬ٴο崿ģ
˳պ޵ջ䣬ˮ˼ǰˮˮ
ߺεҡҡͷ̾Ϣ֮ˣ֮ģ
պ޿һ۸ߺһ˿ЦݣߺڳɾҲڿ԰ұˡ
ߺĬĬĵ˵ͷģһʵҵŵԵģԺҲҪĸң
պ޵˵ͷֻܽҪ;Ի᳼֮£Ϊū
ߺҡҡͷū֮˵ǲڣֻҪұˣ
˵ţߺպޣ˲˺˿ռ䣬ɳǰɳǿһҲǧζǸߺĶ֡
ߺú˵ΪպкᣬЦҪɹˣɳƾԼݣԼʱ򣬿뵽
ɳΨпЦʣµľֻʣĻںˣԼΪʲôƫƫҪƫ̻أ
ϧûкҩԳԵģҲʯʯʱ䵹ˣֹԼЩ˷
ǣǲܵģе˶֪ʯڹУȨߣǲǶԷĶ֡
ǿҲǹĶ֣ܹսһ൱ѡ
ɳˣܵպ޵ٴպֻʣԹޣ֮УȻûգһۣ֮еһ˿ûС
˫ħԱߣʵʦ˵ϣ岻ĽΪʲôôа񣿡
˱ϾǴδԶͲǺ
˲ҪԼ֮κʹĿռҲΪͶһкܸߵ츳
׳ֵĵطĿռ䣬ҲӦ׵һ
Ƿ磬зǱȻġ
ÿһȻӦҪߵ·ҪߣǾǵĵɳڣʹǧԶҲΪĸܵĺ
ɳһƬ˼ѪɳڵľۼأɳӲǻɫˣǱѪȾѪɫ
ÿһɳ˵һѪߺվϿգĿպ޵һжûг֣պ޵ĳޡ
ҪģֻǽЩΣյĴڣӡϣڽպ޴ͺˡ
Ȼոշ鲻ãλˣǶϣȡøߺպ޵
Ȼֻϧǣ֮ûһΪܹԽǧģΪߵģʵǧѡ
ͲǸߺĶ֣ңԷĵûôûзǿڸ
ԣߺȻһֽţǽ֮ˣԼı֮ӡ
պ޽ֻĹ򣬸ߺѾγˡ
磬ǣŶԸߺ֮䶼û˵ʲôԱûȥ
Ĺ򣬸ߺʱߺʱͬûĴڣҲ硣
൱綼֪˸ߺˡ
ͺñڵû˲֪ĵƬ룬йﳤǡ
ǣһеĸԴҲǸߺȴ֪ȥˣ˶ѰҸߺ½ǧ
֮Уһͨ𶼷ǳѣǧ𼸺ǷëˣǧѹһĴڡ
ǧ㹻绮Ϊˡ
߹ĵطʹǵĵһһǵ˿Ϊ

ߺʱӦˣ
ȥģ
ڵһУһѾ޿ˣ֧һȥĳޣҲѾûˣԴԲܰʲôǰ˵֤


821 Ѫԭ
ߺûзպ޵ѡ˵ʵҲûȫԣպ޴ӦҲֻΪ˱סպ޵һѡ
֪պΨһ֧žǳˣһѩޣպһѰ·ġ
ǣû뵽ǣպʣµȫֻг޶ѡ
Ҳ֪պ޽ƫ棬ΪһԶԵĲˣŸߺֻͽѣֻߺĺȣȴû취ߺ
պҲ֪һ㣬˹ѡҲϣԼߺĺȣҪߺ
ѡԷΪȻֻأƾڸߺΪûпܵȲɹһ졣
ߺҲԳЦһЦһжܣΪǰֻԼɱ˼ҵĳˣԷгˣҲ³
պߵʱ˸ߺһ仰ĪǷ飬ֻ𵥷ɡ
һ佲պ޽ԽʥԶԵˣԶԵ޷޷ɾ𣬽Ըߺ˵ԶֻʣǷ¸ߺ塣
ڶǽϣģҪֻصĻôʱ򣬲ϣǸһ·
𣬺ǵ
ߺȻˣΪʲôĽѡ𣬶ȴԼԭԼıڵġ
ֻߺ׵ǣΪǾĽȴѡ˱ˣõȫߡ
ڸߺЩԼٴλصԼǸʱգ뵥˵һǸԼɱĳˡ
һԵˣޣɺ˿һ
ߺĬĬ̾Ϣպ޵ʼĿή֮еʼɢռ䶼ʼ
Է̺֮ʵ̫ǿˣպںڵͷʼð߰׷Ʈ
ӿʼϣ֮еʼ
պ޵˫֮һ˿õѵĿ⣬Ц⡣
ص˴ǰǸŮӣԼǸŮӣڵԼǰԼա
Ըһ޻ڡ
Ůӣܵ˱֮ȻԼİ֮˵ĽԼࡣ
պһɲǷХͷɢ˫Ŀ죬ͬһڻʹ֮У˵ѪմȾա

պĬĬ߶˵Ȼֹպ޷·õ˽ѡ
Щֻ꣬Ҫһ˯оƬҾ徵ĳͬһһҹҹ˺ҧģתתȥ
ʹЩ꣬ûϹ۾ǲҲǲۣǲұϡ
־壬־ٴοʹĳ棬ĥ޿Ļ档
պ޵Ĵˣ뵽Աߵľ֮Уպ޵忪ʼŷ裬ҹա
ļˣİˡ
ߺ쳤̾ƾһ䣬ԼĿռ֮Уһƣ;ǧ⣡
˵ţߺоƵǱǰ󽫽ӵҪ뷲ҷӡҵ֮ԭַ֮ӡС
ǰĿ΢΢ʹֳݣһݣȻǽһǽ
ΪԺʹãߺĽλõıɽһʽǽеʥ
ʽǸߺԿƵģǰսƵģȻߺԽֿ֮ǱϾߺֻǧʵޡ
񽣣ߺĬĬ˵תʧ
󣬸ߺʼΨһĿͻԼΪҲΨһ顣
׸ıʷӰȻıЩԵĿע֮ս
ǣΪûǸңǲΥԼԭ򣬸ߺǺϣȥκ顣
Ƭ֮УûкܶżΪǱߵ۷ʱڣνż˵ҲǷĹѡ
ڼ䣬ߺҲܶϹУģߺʵѾҪӽǧˡ
ߺʼѰصĽأȻڱ˵ǽأ˵̽ʥеǸߺҪġ
ߺʼѰÿһҲ߿˵ʥڵ֮УΪ͵Ķǲߡ
һǺӾ磬ʱǾͻΪߣŬһģ߱𲽡
۽ܳƵΪ͵ˣֻе۽ףſʼԳΪ֮еһԱ
ɵ۽ףվūһĴڡ
ߺ۳ڿУһƬڣƬ˷Բ˵Ŀռʮֵ⣬޷С
ȴ߳ϣЩ߳ϵĶ벽ǿΪ
֮ص֮һǧ߳ϣ͸о¡
ֻǣЩ߳ȫϣܵƬصǣ޷ڿС
ڿлʱǰȫģٲǳǧֻǧʵ߳ϡ
ߺվƬԱߣޱ޼ʣ쵽Ļ֮У˵ҪϿȥǸͲܵġ
ԣ뵽Ƭ֮УٴƬ֮гȻĻҪ졣
ǣƬ֮У𣬾һٳģĪΪһǿ𣬻չ·ǵĺôܴ
ڸߺѾۼˣⷽԲķΧ֮У֪ж𣬽ߺߣˡ
һǧһǧ𣬱ȸߺǿ
Ǹǧվڸߺ˵ĸߴ·һӸߺ˵Ĵڡ
Ǹǧ޵ҧгݣһظߺϢ˵Ҫ͸ߺˣ˺һҪǸһǿ
ֻǸߺȻһֱûлָǸǧǿ󣬶ǣʹֻҪɾǧԼҲԲǸǧĶ֡
ʱһһĹȥˣģƬŨʼϡһʮصƬŨ֮е
ʱˣߺһͷߺҪʱǸǧѾܵˣѾƬŨ֮С
ߺҪŨʱ򣬺ǸǧŸոն
ֻƾһ㣬ߺ֪Ǹǧ𲢲һй֮ҲΪˣߺŸȷԼھԲǸǧĶ֡
ǸߺܹΪǧ𣬲Ҵﵽ۷壬ȻĻǧΨѡ
ڸߺ뵽Ƭ׵ǳѪԭǣƬǺɫģߺ֪ΪʲôѪԭһҲֻнȥ֮󣬲ŻõˣߺٶԾ֮С


822 Թ
뵽֮󣬸ߺͷеĲ֮ͬˣߺ𼶵ûжôܹ֪ķλҲǷԲס
۾͸˵ˣͿȻߺûʹõ֮Ϊģߺ̫ʱ֮۵С˺ܶࡣ
񴦴ܵѹһ㣬ߺоʱбҪȥһߣ˵Ŀԣ˵ٳ߸ͷһأ
ûе֮۵ĸߺͺϹһֻܹԼ𼶵ȥо
ߺڼٵķ֮УȻֹͣסˣԱߵĵطȥǸطߺĲ
ˮ羵񣡡ߺһǱ߾̳һ溮ӣߺոձһ塣
ߺһЩ죬ΪģΪ徹ȻǺҲ˵ĴһԵߡ
ǣߺȴΪߣߵĻæŽѪԭأô˷ʱأ
˵߽ȥˣһǸߺһǧʣǸǧ
ǸǧһԸߺֵģߺԿ϶ΪԷѹûнߺУô˵˫Ҳǧʵࡣ
ǧУߺǧĴԼһж߲ߺҲûеԼʲô
Ǹǧ͸˵ˣߺⱬһ£ͿԷԷԼ磬ôԼĸ֪Լأ
֮⣬ֻʣѪΧЩˣȻ֪ԷʲôȼĴڣб޻
ﲻͬԼǸʱյˣҲǱǸطĴڡ
ʲô𼶵Ĺϡƽ飬֣Ψĵط׶ֲ
ৡǹɺ絽ߺĺ棬ߺĺӿʼ
ǸҲģ˲ֹͣԼ纮һٶĺȻû̺Ǻͱ¶ȲĴڡ
ǣǺǱȴȱɢǷҪȽϵĻѱҺ壬ĺȴˮ
Էĺ൱Һĺ뵽Һı֮УҲ˵ϡˡ
ǸʵοʼӸߺԱۣǸһ״࣬ȴûԼǸߺǰĲлһûԼ
ߺɫһԹ顣
ûǼԹ飬ߵ꣬Ϊĳԭûа취ȥھĳֵ룬ͻΪһַǳǿԹ顣
ǿ뵽κһڣǸǸеһ
ȻΪǴǸ壬Ҳ˵ǾǸˣԳĶᡣ
ֻͬǣ߶ᣬǵΪҲʺϵ𣬵ǣǲᣬܹȥ
ɱǣûǰʶˣһЩ֪ɱ¾ĹͺǵͼĽʬһ佫ǵͼĽʬ
ǻҪʱ׼ΪܹγԹĵطһ㶼Σյ׵أȥðյģǵʵ޼ǵĴΣա
ΪʲôǿĴڣǾǳĽ׵Ĵ֮ʧ
ûһʵǿߣô򵥵ߵգĻ˵˲֪ٴˣ߱϶ǿĴڡ
ǲñôȻЩԵ±ԹԽģǣֿԷ޵ˣ٣˵ûС
ߺе磬ֻԹԹ׻˵ƱƱۡ
ֻ㹻ǿѪֶΣܹ˾¡
ΪһЩĺܿɶŹһЩҲݺݵı㣬Ҫһʱǻƻ㡣
νģϣҧҲöһ¡

ǡԷǸɱЦͬҹʱһ˸е־塣
ߺɫûһ˿ֲɫֳվǲϵЦ˳ĿкЦ˷ݣڸߺǰĺܶۡ
Ҳֲֿζˣǳź䣬е˶ϵĺ䡣
顭ߺЦȻֹ³һ֣Ǹ˲䱬飬ıԹ黮ȥ
ԹʵҲǺǿֻǧĳ̶ȶѣȻΧ˵ѾǲˣԸߺ˼֮ûС
ıлڸߺǰǸԹ˲ݣпб꣬Ǵű޷۵һ
һХֻԹ忪ʼ𽥵ˣ֮УӿЩܵϢһģΨһͬҲŨȶѡ
Щ֮ӿɫģЩǵɫģǰɫܵǿϺܶ౶
ߺһݣЩòҪзжǳΣգۣ֮ԼҲᱻⶫռġ
֮ǰŨȣֻЩɫһѣǸʱΣճ̶ȿ֪
ôһɫͿԳ׿һ꣬ϼԼǧΪҲͲʲôˣ˵ᱻơ
ЩǸߺҪģȻԼ֮صʱѾ׼Σյ׼ˣǣûнȥʱ򣬾ԲǸߺҪġ
ҿϢ˵ֵ飬Ըߺһ·ϵûʲôΣա
ٸߺ֪ˣΪʲôҪȵϡ͵һĳ̶ϲſԽˡ
ŨĺȷǳĿ㣬ʹǸߺַ۵糸ٶȣҲʮӡ
ʣ̵˵صĻҪϼʱˣͬʱߺҲоңŵǼһʹʯʱûԼ͵λá
ǽԼ͵Ļ˵Щ𼶵Թ飬ֻЩŨ㹻Լһˡ
ԼոտֻΧѣ֮Ũ棬֪ʲô
ڳƬŨڸߺҪ·ʱԼ棬һĻɫн
ǾһΪöݶӣе÷ǳ룬м䣬˸ߵİɫ󣬽н
Щɫ̵ʵֻɫȴǧʵǳǿ
ϴ㹻һЩͨǧҪǿһЩ
ߺԿ϶ǷŵȥĻǾһɧңԿԽ綼ɱˣܹ֡
Щϼһǲģϴθߺ˫ħȫһ⡣
ҪǶԷҪ֮ĵһƷΪͽǾԲȥǸطġ
Ȼûǿ󣬵Ҳô׾ͿԼģʹ̫ʱҲ֮֮ϵĴڡ


823 
ЩɫгֻҲ˵̵Ĵֻֻɫǧţֻɫм䣬һɫʯĽӡ
ڽ֮ϣһֻɫķʴ棬Ѿɳ֮Ϊˣһѷ̯档
Ƿϡɵë˿ֱģֻֻͷϣһɫľͷƳɵĻʹڣǺɫֻ۾޵ԨһĿ⾼ĿŸߺ
Ŀ⣬ڿһٴ͡
ֻҶ֣ߺϵƷǳԣǧ𣬸ͲֿܹĴڡ
ǺɫѾǧΪˣѪԭҲǱȽ϶ĴڣʳĶˣܹġ
Ȩޣ嶼Ҫĺ
ǿߣΪУŹǣǺɫסߺһȻԡ
ңҲ˱仯Ǹ߸ϵ̬˱ϥһ˲ı仯ǳĿ죬ĳ̶ߺࡣ
ߺһһҲң
漴ߺתԼ壬ʼԶȥٶȷǳĿ죬˲Ϣš
ߺԶʱǷʴĺë󳤳һµԼצԼء
ȻĵȫԼļֻѾֵһ̶ֳˣԭͶС֫͹Լš
ϣΪʲôѡأҪĻǧͲǶ֣ԱߵһֻɫɵĿԼϣǾ⡣
ëҡҡͷʶ뻢ıƤһʤ֮󣬰ʵȫпԼռǸطûǵʲô飬Ҫҵһǧ𣡡
һëʵҲǲţǧ𣬼ֻ۷һǧĶ֣Ҳǧ𰡣
ë̾һ쳤ȥε˵ϵϢʮֵΣգǳΣգѾɱмλˣϢܹܵΪ̫˰ֻҪһǧøջǧսֻҪ֮͹ˣ
˵ֻ꣬ٴ˳˯֮УǰʯϺ˯ڵȴĳˡ
ڸߺֻϸ֦ĩһ㣬ߺûзϣͺ·ʱ򿴵ϵҶһ
˭ҲںҶΣ˧˧ûиԣ·ΣûġԶˣž˼ɡ
ߺͬҲģֻ󵽵ʲô˼ͺë˵һԸߺ͹ʲôв
ҲʲôѪħһ˻һҪŪ
뿪ֻĵ̣ߺУٶҲʼѾڳѪԭҰˣҪСģϾѪԭҰͬ档
ߺҲ˺ܶĶﻹǧٹֵģ˵ðŻˮ֣ɢˮϻһǧֻͷ­ߡ
ҪģÿһֻֻҪΪﵽǧģϵƤëǺɫģΪԽϵƤëԽ졣
һƬˮ֮Уһͷצľ㣬ϵƤγѪһɺ죬ǧ
һһ޶һ㶼սߺȻܹʤԷԼ϶Ҳܣʵǿȥô
ûʲôܹӮߺߺɢΣյĺϢϢҿ϶ֻҪԼߺ
ߺ֮£ͿԽͳƬˮ˲ɱԼӶӲߡ
ߺתߣڸߺĺ滹һ棬ͷѩףߺɫͬǰѩȾһһȾ
˺ǿΪøıǵȵǿڷսֻҪ֮סգҵıһ
ûҲһбˣߺһҲǧֻߺһ㡣
ԶԶĸŸߺƾűߺϢں󣬸ߺеĿУıϢ벻˷ֶѡ
ߺδţʵǸ˾ǺԶߺԼĸ֪Ƿֲ˵ģǣߺıʵ̫ˡ
Է޵ıϢͱߺоˣҸߺ֪˵ı֮лԼ֮ȫ෴Ϣ
ߺıϢǲ࣬ϢıľӦȣڰ಻Ⱦ
Էı·෴ˣһ˲ͻὫȫĴݻһ㣬顣
ıǺǣѵðߺߵһطﻹеȺǵ·
ߺҲǵȥ澹ȻбѪԭĳѪ
Ĵߣ֦ҶïֻҶЩ֣ľһɫģͺϵ
ǰɫģһڽڵģ˰׹ǡ
ߵĹȻֻöӣ״һҪµѪһ˿ϡ
öСĴָĹʵֻǳ죬ȵ䵽ʱ򣬾˵ˡ
ߺȻ֪ӵʲôôǿǧƵĿ⣬֪˹ĲѰ
ҲǳյߺԼıɨһºǸ¶˿˿΢Ц
Ҫҵıߣô򵥵ģҽվҪҵ̤ʯߺһɱȻ뵽
ȻԷıûǻԼĲԣʵ෴ԣǿ̶Ҳǲģ˵Բ£ͬĴڡ
ǸһҲ˸ߺԱߵλǧһ࣬ʵڲʧȥᣬòһģôԾôأ
ǽߺıˣԼı໥ӡ֤˵Ǳܹﵽǧǧأ
ҪСһǧ꣬ʵǲһڵĸߺǲ̬ոߺʵǧиûлֵأֻѡ
ߺ˵뷨ͬⶼˣв֮ѼӾԲˡ
뵽⣬ߺװ̰ĿһĳѪ󽹼ĿܣӺѰһ
ǧڸߺıͲУǵֻжԷĳѪ
λѣҲҪõĳѪڸߺѰҵʱ򣬺Ǹ˵ˡ
΢΢һЦŸߺ˵ЦݵǲԺ䣬ʮֵС
ߺЦһа˼⣺ε̫ˣõĹͷЦݲ䣬ı
̨𣬲֪ôƺߺŷӦϲ˵
Ǹ΢΢ף洳ǶҼ𣡡


824 ǹ
ߺ뼲˹ʶһöѪ֮˶ҪԷΪͬǣߺ֪Է뷨֪ߺ뷨
˾Ļ̥Ľ˸԰ݵĽɫγһڰ֮Уǧ
ʵ˼ûߺ뼲ǧں֮ڷУǵֻкԼʵȵĶԷ
עǿˣߺô򵥵ĴڣȻǧ²ʲôǧ±ߺеĵġ
ǳɫĳѪɫԽԽˣߺʼۣʱ׼һڸߺļҲҲ׼ˡ
ֻĿĲͬߺĿĺǳѪĿľǽߺˣȻ֮Ϊϵ
ǳѪͲĿǷΧ֮ڣҪ˵ѪȷǺö
֮һԵ˿ԼѪŨȣԽԼǿһµĵز
һöѪһΣԵڶöʱҩԾͻԼкͣȻҲãǻСࡣ
һһҲöѪÿŻῪʱʱ졣
ǳöǿ˲ãǿнȼǣ۷岻ʳóѪ
۷壬ʹһţʹõڶöͻܲסǿ
ǧҲԲʹõöҪǧ𣬲ſʳö
磬ȻǿܹԼȼģûм
ʹߣʶûмԴﵽȼģҲͳɾ徭ϴˢܹﵽǿϡ
ȻЩߺֻ֪Ǽ֪ġ
ôǿǰǧǾԲŹģʳΪǶô𺳰
ֲΪһ˳ߣѶȸϼѡ
͵ڽһװһôǿҪҳһӿװֱŵġ
ߺҲһԼ֮еѾǿԼˣֱϼѡ
֪Ѫǿãȴ֪˹һѰûǧ۶ð̹𣿹˭Ҫȥֲˣ̾ͻΪʸ֮ء
ıǷǳҪģһͬĶֶҪҪ
ͺƿһƿԽʢŵĴԽǿ෴Ķ̫ǿôƿӾȫ顣
һڣĳѪʼ˱仯۳һѪ֮гȥڣ˰Сʱ֮ǳѪڴﵽ˱͡
ǧ֮ͬһ˲ͱȥߺҲں档
𿴵һԼȥ˵еΣգǲȥߺǧɱ˵ҪȫĴݻ١
Լθûʲôջ񣬻ҪðŵǧĽ
뵽һᣬ˲ʧԭأŸߺѪĵطȥ
ߺķڳѪ棬ʵеһǧϣǸʮֵǿ󣬰ɽƣܹͱƲ񷣬ԵǹϢ
һǹ֣ʵǺܵͣһǧ𶼸߳һߣֻҪ˻ѷʤ
ϾʵǿΪҲеһ֣˵ŴŶԷͻأ
ߺڿпʼĵתƣһ˿˿ת۷ԽԽǸǹ
ļɫһϲߺٶȣڵѪʱһǸǹһ棬ƾǸǹʵߺԼֲУʱԼȥԷʬˡ
ǹȫڼĿǷΧ֮ڣѪΪҪߺʬһۣʱǹǸǧսʱܡ
ʱֻҪߺʵˣǧǰ϶飬ǹҲˡ
뷨ܺãϧߺԲᣬΪŸߺѰ·ٶҲ˺ܶࡣ
ʱ򣬸ߺͻȻ¶һ˿΢ЦҸߺȵ鲻ȥĳѪǹͽˣ𣡡
˵꣬ߺڿмٵתۣƯһһ˲뿪ǹԶľ룬һĳѪȥ
ոߺ仰˶ˣĿŸߺԴЩ·ûзӦߺ˵ʲô
ǹɫһ䣺úúãǹˣҾͿ㵽ôҵģ
ûпǸߺ˵ǸααˣֻҪлɣͿɱɱ޷Ź
ոոߺʮֵ˼һʵԩԼʲôû˵ߺСӵڸʲô
ߺĵЦʲôѲɿںڿʽһֱôĺʹ
ңе㾪ȵĿǸǹ𣬸ոԳǹ˿治һ
ɾҲһʱˣ̫ʱߺҲӴһЩ
ǧµУഫһǧ𣬲ǳǿ쳣ײУҲǳᣬһֶԸǧûгǹʱ
򵥵ǹǧͻĳƺҲɴ˶û˼ǵȥǹ֮Ҳû˻ǿͨǹ
ǺƽǹΪӮǹĳƺš
Լǹֻǹһǰõǲ㺮˲飬ĺǻ޷ٴγɡ
漴ǹ˵ڶУһǹģҺһƣ޷ֵơ
ء
һǹɨ˼ʹŤˣһֱ˺ѵĸоѪεδĴʹϵ
ߺһ߿ٵķУһһĻԼ治ɵĸоһ˿ʹĸо
ҿ̫̫ˣһʲôҪǹ֣һҪһбԷʹǹĻᣡߺԼؿڣµ˵
ͬԱǸǧҲ˳飺ô̬һһҪСǹ
һǹȻתǹٵתɨ
һǹʹһǰƣټϼʹϾܡ
䡭
һǹʵʵ䵽˼ϣ˼壬ҿظɨ
ӺûʲôףǹڿʼֳͣɫĳǹȻͦ
㲻ˡո˵ʼ仯ȥ°˿һĺȣ
Ȼһ㣬㶵ĿԼ˵Щʲôŷ֣ǹһɨԼࡣ
ŶȻȥǹһ䡣


825 Ž
ߺû˷λᣬ嶸Ȼ٣ӳԼٶˣٵıܳȥһöѪ֮ǰ־ͽ֮ץС
ʱǹѾ˸ߺǰһǹߺȥߺ뵽ǹ֮ĵڶǹɨһ飬þԼȫıʩչһǽ
óǵǽ֮󣬸ߺѸٵĺˣһıǽʼڸߺǰĿռһ㿪ʼ
ߺһɣһ߿ʼתۣȻǹĺ棬һӰص֮ȽȽƮǼ˭
ҲǸߺĿ֮һڸߺõһöѪһǼץԼУ˾ٿνһ˫ð
ǹһ͸ıǽһƲǰٵĴȥ
ϧߺзһıǽȻԶ̲һ㣬ΪߺѾովĵط
Ǹطıǽڲ֮ѾٴˣһǽΧǵĴԲȦǹֱǰǺһֱΧԭת
Ǹǧûз֣ߺ«ưǰҲһĺҲһԲȦ
֮ǰͬǣǽճɵԲȦȻصĲ֣Ҳ˵һǿôһ˿Ļܻʱ
ߺһöѪǰ־ժȥöѪУڶöҲУһöǸǧϡ
࣡
һöѪڸߺ΢΢ʹ֮£ʼϵ
ߺҪӶߣǿųѪȻ仯һͬһҶȻٵɭ׵֮ȥȫƵ档
ʼ΢ĶǾҵĲһϵ֮ߺϳȥ
ÿ֦Ĺ൱ǧȫһߺӣһͽöѪ뼲ĻǷԼĶռ֮С
ȫԸǰǸ̬ľߺ˫ֿٵĻӶһӰ˿УÿһӰűǺľ֮ĸϵ⡣
ڿУʼн̵ĺ֣ռڱΡ
䡭
ǹǸǧڷеǻͷȥԼոƿĺɴڣϴûзʲô仯ֻϢԵıˡ
ϵˣ˷׷׸һǺƬ֮еıɫˣǹɫֱӱˣˣûбˣˣ
ңˣԼľȻֻǧѣ޷ܡ
֮бԺɨһеǧ໥ײһͬʱƺһ˿˿Ѫ
ʵ̫ˣԳֵʱأԼȫˣټ˱ʹѭ׶ΣǶ˾ʱ
ǵ˶Է˺ͬʱܵˣʱǸǧ𿴵ǹ֮ûĸоԼһ漴һ
޳СУʣöѪأǧɫġ
Լǹʮˣʮʱ䣬ȴöѪγɣȻǿᡣ
ºˣԼǹǶһɶȾƾɾء
öѪǧȴҪ֮£󷴵һǧˣˣҰöѪģѼˡ
ǹɫӵѿٶǸһﻹһöѪأԼһöûеõҡ
һۼʬ壬ϢûУǱߺץסˣԼװ׵˵һǹʹ
˼ҸߺҪʱһϤǺ޵ǵĶ䡣
ˡλ𣿶أǺǡһЦŪɵˣôûߣ
ǵ󣬸ߺȡöѪһõһԼ෴ԵıֻҪ֤ʵǧûġ
ټǳѪҩЧȻܹȼǽ۷һǲġ
ʵ벻͸ߺΪʲôߡ
̧ͷȥʱ֪ߺΪʲôˣߣ߲ˡ
ߺɫĸסˣһһܲ͸磬ֻ۾Це͡
֮Ҳڲ˶೤ʱˣΪȥ
ԭߺֵĺúõģһоڸߺ֮С
ڸߺҪǸϵʱʮ״ֵİɫȻ֮гݺݵĳڸߺϡ
޴İɫϵĹȻǧǿȣߺһ¾ͻˣʮ״ֵİɫϣкܶϸСĸ
ȻνϸСҲֻСһ׵ĴϸߺƶÿһϵȻӵǧȫһϡ
ߺôǿάֲѾǲеˣڷûж롣
ߺȻ԰ûеԸĳ̶ȣ֪ԼǿԼٵǧĲƣҲûз
ҺãԷûҪɱԼԼʲôһ
ߺǱˣһ˼ˣѰҵԼռöѪ

棬ǧɫͻ䣬ͬ߶ʲôֲǽŴιӵĴˣҲ˵ѾжʮˣڳѪ֮УҲĴˣ
Ѫ˲ͬÿһιӣ;꣬Ҳ൱һ󾳽硣
ԽӵʱѾĴˣֻδǣǽĹӣ൱ڸǵķӡԲܹˡ
ڶνӣڵľˣʱҲǣӵЧҲӵǿ
ǣܹ;ŴιӵĳѪѾǧĴˣǵǣҲѾթĳ̶ˡ
˵ÿһŴιӵĳѪһǧ𣬶һƽǧ
ǣܹõѪƽˣٶ𼶵ĴڣΪӴ췭ظʱֻһεĹӣѴ
ǣûժȡӵĻֲܽеڶν
˵ܹιӶĳѪֱǷëǣ߽ߵļʶҪСöࡣ
ժˣΪ˽ǵ磬ҾȫɱΪҵķϡ
ϣһŵĿݵĽš
ߺޱ飬˫ѵ㲻˵ֻҪǽѪҾͿһɣ
ҪЩϸڣˣҾʲôˣ
ߺⲻķӡɣôôţǲȥԺͻᱻ·ӡ
õ亹ɵĿŸߺôʲô֪Ƶģ


826 ˮϴԡ
ߺ棬εĸǧк˿Ÿߺжŷޣǹ𣬸Ǻ޵
һööѪΪߺԼһöҲûõȻˣԼԷõǸʵ̫¶ˣ¶¶Լˡ
Լ׷ߺʱ򣬻ߺ׵ˣˣԼΧǺת˺üȦԼʧ棬ǰֵŽԼҪƭڹ
ڣߺȻԼˣһδεĴǸ̺ܸߣȴһֱߺǣűߵǸ׳
ԭǸ̲Ǻܵͣ˸ߺ̬ߺں̲ͣȴ˽кܶоҵó˺ܶľ顣
ںѵʵΪֳѪһĴں٣ûֿԴڼ꣬ǲ͵ˡ
ǣգߺڵʵˣǿߺĻʵһһ㶵ģÿ˵һ仰ߺ̲סǰķ٩ŪǿоԼʧܡ
ǺʧܣǷǳʧܡ
Ҫ㡭ץ֦ҲɦԼڣߺţǶԷͷĻһץˡ
ߺ鲻䣬˵ͷðǿԵģҲκεֻеҪ󣡡
ĿŸߺܲףΪʲôߺӦôʹ죬̲סʵʲôҪ󣿡
ߺ΢΢һЦ¶ǽ׵ʮŰģҳɾ͵۽ûϴ裬ϳҪǳˣԻθϴϴˢˢô˵ҲҪһ
ʣǷ֮ʮʢеһ仰Ƕȴûжá
Ͼ߽뵽ʥ֮ȾʹлҳҲǵ䣬䲻ǵϣ̸֮˵
ǣǴû˵ĴɵĿŸߺ鲻Ǻš
ߺεʼ磺ǲŵĻţȷһ¡
ŽɵĽǾ޴տߺߺ΢΢ʹԼƫ²һɻǵ屻ӿ˳
һ㶼ûȫԼ֮С
ȿȿȡһȥû̲סԣĵĿŸߺһ۾ͻܵһ
ߺεԼüëƵĿһۣζΣڻǷȷھͽ븹У
ûʲôһ뵽ǵ壬ȻԻ̲סŻ
ѾԼȫ˹ĺ壬ֻ͸оԼҪж
ǧһıһģĸߺǲֶΣ涼Ҫˣֱ̣ȫһ
ǲûи滰˼Ҫ֪Ŀǰ֮ʵΪǿĴڣǺ޲ҸὫߺɵҲóô˻ߡ
ȻǶԸߺеĳѪȻȣǺԼڵһСȣȫͲʲôˡ
ǰϵϢǸܵʮǾǧĴڣԼ˸ûа취ԵС
࣬Ϊ鸡֮ģԷÿζʱʹǧҲñǿȥ
ߺ˵Цֹ뿴ҵЦߺߣһͱҿˣ
ڻ֪ߺݺݵĿһأлʮָˣֻҪԵߺһ˲䣬һԵиֻҪԼô˻ߣǾˡ
ǹȻֻǧ𣬵Ҳǧ֮еٮٮߣʱֻҪǸǧˣ׷ôͿˡ
ǵ뷨ǲһʮҪˣǾǸߺߺʹŽ赶ɱ˵뷨ô˶ˣǾ̫ˡ
ңڸߺҲĸҳԵԼϾԼпöѪǷӡĴڣȥǧͱŹˡ
ߺΪһ̵ѪͻıӡȻֻǸߺ²⣬ʮа˾ȷġ
ȻԷΪһǧѪһǧѪ⡣
Ǹǧûг֮ǰԼĴΣյģڣԼĴôΣˡ
ΣյľǹˣֻĲǺܵͣͨߺʱ֮е˸ͿԿԷдĳ⡣
ǧǱˣѪ⼴Լǿ֮һöѪ
ߺ£ԼĸϵŪһܲ͸ľ޴״ĳӡ
ȻԼ֦ܻӶһ£˽ȥȻ֮۳һˮǸ֮гȥ
ߺУߺһɫˮһϲˮȻǱԪһĴڣˮ
Ԫ۶ɵģһҪû߼ʵǾûа취۳ģָԼõҩûʲôá
ߺϲĿǿһḬ֮̃ɫУѾųѪλԼ֮ˡ
Լ֮Уеķֱ֮תˮֻҲޣڲתٶȣʮܹһΣԼʮֵ
ߺֻϴϴԼʱ򻹿ջأֻҪߺɱ
УȻǲͣϾֻмˣÿһˣǽժʱ򣬻취Էȫ
ԣҲֻСǣ˼ڸߺǰŪһԼͣҲøߺ˷ܵ룬ԹԵıԼɱ
ߺˮ֮УһߵĴϴϣһߴſڡ
ǧһۺ찡ǿˮֻҪʮͿԽǵΪָ۷壬ڣȻøߺϴ⡭ֱǱﰡ
ǵпֱ죬Ҫҧˣ޲ھ͹ȥߺݺݵĳһ٣ȻСĽˮռ
ھռҲûʲôˣֻĶԼǲ̫ܵˡ
ǵĻûô󣬺ȸߺϴˮҸߺոջһƨǳζı־֪;ʺ
˫ð⣬ɱֱĶŸߺĿɱˣ¸ߺѾ˺ܶˡ
ǵĿ⣬ߺӶĴԼıͲһˡ
иŮ汾ȻĦһ¾ͺˣߺС˵һ仰һ仰ոճǧֱѪĸоˡ
̫꣬Ű˰⻹˵Ļ𣿲Ƕɡ
ס˼ԡǲҪĿ⿴ң£Ҳʲô֮񱣬ǾԲϲ˵ģҲϲǵģ
ۡǧֱѪ


827 ǧ
ǸǸ˭ǸʲôţߺˮУָǸǧ𣬺˵
ǸһͣЩɵĿŸߺȻȷߺ仰Ļ⣬Ƕ˵ȷʲô¡
ߺָеǸǧҲһ㶣ָָԼڸ˵𣿡
ߺ˵ͷԣ㣬㣬үҴ󱳣ôҲǻİҪȻҲȰꣿ
ʲôǸ̾˵ķӡҲ˵öѪۼһ
ʱֻҪһ˽̷֮ˣԼҪɱҲûôˣѪķӡȫֵסԼĹ
Լ⿪⼸֮ڣɱߺֻҪгѪķӡ
ҲֻеȴһΣԼɹĽʮʵֻҪٴν⿪ӡͿǧǿȣǸʱרŶԸĳѪӡҲˣǸߺٰѵʮԵ
ʶôţߺѾȷֻҪöѪԼУôڴǰߺ˱ˡ
ֻǸǧôߺ΢΢ϸߺ⣬ߺûдôöԷ͹
ǽ֮˷ĻԼȫǶأĻҡ
֪ʲôĿģڻûжԸߺйأֻǸߺ֪϶ô򵥵飬ԷһǱʲôĿģȻĻƾԼǾ仰Էһô׵Լġ
öѪǽеö˵
ǰһ仰ǶǸǧ˵ģǾ仰ǶԸߺ˵ģǾԲöѪһġ
ߺ֮һеĻĿǸǧ𰡣ǧҪѪǸаҪǽȥĻǾܹƶԷĶˡ
øߺĵǣǸǧ𲢲ɵӣٵҡҡԼͷʾһöѪ
ȻǸǧߺļǸЩķˣתһԼĿǹȥ
ǿҵϰȻ˳ԲˣΨгˣ˵ţ忪ʼٵתԼĸϵγһǸ޴ĸϵһ¾ͽǸǧסˣҽ֮֮С
ǧˣǲడĲడ˼ұôˮ׼ˮ֮꣬Լ⣬֮С
ĸϵʮֵļͣԼȫһ֮£ǸϵȻ˺ۣҽԼĹ֮ĴҴмβ㹥Լ
ǧ˲俪ʼˣԱ߸ߺˮ裬ǸĽе㼵ʣȫȼġ
˾ˣһһģǸԼʲôûУǸȴǴƴĳţһ߿Լ
ٿ˿ûˣ֦ܵʼתγһ˫ɫֱۣе֦Ҷʼ۳ͷ
ɱţγ壬Ǿ޴ĸϵγȣһĳ˸ߺ˵ǰ
γɵ壬ԱȻƽ˸˺ܶ࣬Ȼߣ⻹ǶԷԭģ֮ǰһϵɴϸĻҪ͡
ϵγɵĳǱԼ֮С
ʼ׷ɱǹǹ𿴵Ҳ֪ԼûгѪԷҲûԼ֣뵽ǹתߡ
ڰзٵļۣһܣʱʱɨһǹֵԷĽŲ
棬ߺǧмһϵֹ๥ߺû´ΰйء
ȡ˳һ£Ŀʼڼı벻֤
Ա෴ԣ͵һǶڸߺȷʲô
ֱֻֿܣһǻԷΪޣߺʲôҲò
ڶǻӳ˫ѹƣ༱ٵߺʮϤּ෴ںϣںϵľɲǰġ
ֻϧںϵĻضҪ޼ǣߺĲȼĻǿ̫ˡ
ߺĲһֱѹżĻʼȥߺΪ޴ᱻ
뵽ߺͷһ亹ȥĻԼΪ˵ᱻƵ
ߺæֹͣռ֮еĻʼӶԷĻϢ֮вҪԼĲȵĽ׶ϡ
ԭߺľǱֻвͬӼĻԼ֤ߺڲ˽ԽԽ
ڽԻԼݱȵĵȼˡ
ߺʼڼ֮еıԼ֮Уߺ忪ʼ˱仯һԶ࣬һǱ޾ĻϢ
ֻ𺮱Ϣǳǿ󣬲ǰְӿȵġ
ҡǧų棬겻ҡݻһУͬʱڸߺг֣ߺ۾ʼ˱仯һֻǴɫģԶᷢı䣬ܹĳȥֱ
УȫްɫĺɫҪһж档
ߺϵϢԱ֧ţܺ;Ȼǿ쳣ǿԵıڸߺ֮໥ӳȻߺıĳɳš
ߺҲڵǧ𣬲һͨǧӵֱߺνǿһĵزˡ
ٴǹ𣬸ߺҲе־壬˵ߺĿӮսʤ
ߺ¶һ˿΢Ц嵭ĴԭվӵˮѾʣ޼ˣոոߺͻƵʱ󲿷ֵˮȻӲĽߺΪǧĵȽס
ˣԱ໥֤ߺľѾٽǧˡ
ߺվ֮󣬵ЦЦһָ֮еĲٵۣγһߺһģһӰܡ
΢΢𣬸ߺնɲ˫֣һжôȻƽƵġ
ոһߺ˲ʧٴγֵʱ򣬾ͳǶ¸ϵɵǽǰˡ
۷Ŀռ䷨򣬸ߺѾõ¯ˡ
ߺĿһǸϵ˵һ䣺⡭
˵Ļʥּһǰĸϵ˲ͱסˣСԼǸߺС顭
ĸϵˣǽһɾûйһ


828 
֪ߺлһ꣬ҸߺҲΪǣԼĲõǧĽʵϵǽˡ
ڵ֪Լ֮зֱ仯ߺĻȻǿ󣬾Ȼ˻֪
οߺոǸϵɵõǸиߺϵϢǲϢټһЩ飬ڻûз֡
ߺһǸǰʮֵᣬԼ֣ҰɣöѪ
ǸǧͿ˸ߺĶε̾һҲûʲô
ߺո˼ļ䣬Ѿ֪ѪãҲǷǳȺ
𼶵壬ǧ֮Ĵս𼶵嶼зǳ޴á
׻˵ɱһǧ˰٣ʹֵܹԷҲзģʣȫܹǷ֮
ûʣÿһζԿ֮嶼һ˿˿İˣʱεûʲôʱ䳤Ļ𶼳Բ
ǰͲʲô𼶵ʱһ壬֪Ҫǿ϶򱶡
ǿ̣ԲĶ֣ӸߺǸʱ򣬲ɳˡ
ߺһ־Ƶ壬ǧˣԼѾǸߺĶˡ
û뵽ߺ츳ȻǿֵزֻǲʱĹ򣬾ȻͻƵ־磬ٽǧ
˼ǧʱ򣬾ˣǧ棬ǧ𣬶
Ϊʵ̫ǿ˵ߺǧӵˡ
οڸߺֱÿһУǰéĴڡ
ڸߺӵ֣˵ʵѷѰǧȵˡ
㲢ǲԵģҪһԣǧҲʶʱ֮أ֪ԼѾǸߺԱȵˡ
ǷӸߺҽߺпӳ졣
ӵĻôȸߺһأԼ͹ȥʹȥˣǸҲԲŹԼģ˵һ֮֡
ߺɫҲǷǳ侲ǰѾԼʲôвˣһ·Ҳûʲô
ãҸߺʹ˷ģ㽫ѪңҿԱ֮гȥδٰȹΣ
ߺҲǱˣԷ˵һ磬ߺ֪˶ԷôˣҺԥķġ
úãҲҲգѪעûҺڷһݰʱ򣬸ߺڴӶԷ
ԭ˽кڷ𣬿һǱ뵽⣬ߺЦһЦǷ˵أڷ¾϶ˡ
صһſɲǰ׽еģڷ⣬Զڷȵġ
ڴӦԷӹ˽٣ߺеĵģΪûŹѾߺ֮ˡ
ǿˮߺﵽ˵Ҳ൱һĶ
˺öߺôԷʲô÷ңڸߺʲôûУڵʵѾȫԶԸˡ
ټԼöѪ˺ԼԼȴ˺ԷʹˮĻᣬߺǾƲŹġ
ͬһѪһĹӣӺڷ֮Ʈ˳ߺȥ
ʱǸϵɵȻ˱仯һĴɿǹӲƶȥǽ֮Ƶļơ
ߺһôùȻǰŪǷǣ
˵ţߺһݣԼЩϵٶȿʼѸٵıʱ򣬸ߺת˻
䡭еĸϵ˱ӣռ俪ʼɢ䣬ߺһֽѪУһ˿Ц
漴ߺѸٵתǸ֮УԼٴν뵽ˮ֮УöѪƯڸߺǰ
ߺſһöѪųһߺзȥߺ˲Լ֮ͣпʼֳ˺ɫ
𽥵ģɫɫɫѪɫѪɫɺɫ
ߺһƬѪ죬ҲԼ֮УһƬȣԼ֮ȼһ
һ˿˿ɫʿʼӸߺ֮͸ߺ忪ʼһƬͨ죬ķ⣬ߺһԴһ
ѾˣôѪϢǷǳģҪõѪ߻Ҫ
ϾЩѪ൱ģ֪ĪĸѪһ֣͸оˡ
ǳϾͽȥߺֻһȸߺҪףߺĿ֪һĿķǳԣҪԼշ
׷Ѱǹʱǹ漲۹һˣ֮ǹ𲻽ûߣת׷ȥ
ǹͬ硪ǹ𣬴һǧ𣬶һǷǳǿǧ
ǹĴѶϹģǹĻȻҲǱȽˡ
˵൱һȻʮֻܹۼ֣ʮʱǵȵˡ
ʹʱܹΪߣҲһ߼ۣȡΪõĶһö
ǹ𣬾ͶչɱʵҲȻ˼ʱ䣬û䵽ǹС
лǽΪģ֮еģǣΪ׷һֱûо
ڣ㲻ߺʲôΪΪߺǧΪɵǺڷ
Ͼֻзǧȫһļ͡
Ѿˣɱߺˣʱֱӷ߰ɣֻҪӳǹ׷ɱϰ죬ȻһطɱһЩС𣬾ͿʼһֵĿ
뷨ǺõģܸܲжȴһˣΪڵĸߺѾ㽫շˡ
ǹ׷ɱʮ꣬ʮ꣬ǽǽƣߺճѪҩʮꡣ
ڽɹͻˣΧһѪ⣬Ѫʢı֡
ɣߺɫһ˫Ѫûκεĺߺ΢΢¶һ˿ЦݣָȭݺݵǰĿռȥ
ڸߺǰ˲γһ麮ֻ⺮ʹԼԪγɵģһ㣬ҲֻӲȡ
һȭ͸Ǳĺȫ𼶵
ߺǿʼ¶һ˿΢Цʱ䵽˰𼶵ȻǸǵģ𼶵壬Ҳ˵ġ
ڣ֮µĹߺӣƾǵԺռ䣬˲ߺκһë
𼶵ĹǲʹȫĻҲ˺ߺ


829 ƻ㼯
ߺ־ͽռ˺ˣͬ壬һ˺ˣ׷ɱѾǭ¿ˣߺһ־ͽԷǲƲ˺ƿˡ
ʮ꣬ߺؼգؼ֮ǰͬˣߺѾ壬һԼΪ޽ӽǧĵز
ֻһͿԳΪǧˣٶԱߵĺڷ𿴵զࡣ
ߺֱŸߺΪԽԽߣʵԽԽǿڷһԼеɬĿĸо
ָоӦòóںڷϵģϾߺֹһεԼ
ǣָоŸߺΪѾɢˣǱһС裬ָоȷô
ǱһʵԼߺܶˣҲˡ
һ̬һǿߵ̬ǾԲͬġ
ͺñȣһ˹˹˺һŹӵˣǺǰߣĳҲô£
ǰһ᲻мЦһǷǰ߶Ժô˵ĻôܶһҲȻϾһʵ顣
ŸߺĺڷҲ棬ǳѪϵƤʼĻָγԭ״ٴԪˡ
㡭Ȼ㽫ߺͷųˣû뵽ǣԷܹԼҿһУ֮ǰǸԼƤСġ
ʱҲˣߺȫһϻ˼ԭǴԼ棬Ȼһ仰ƵԼòڷԼ֮С
ϧ֪ߺǰϻ֮ǰߺΪȷզأֻкֶѡ
Լָԭ״֮Ѿ۵ˣߺȻվǰĺڷͬһһڸߺĺ档
ߺ΢Ŀһۺĺڷ𣬲Ϊʲô֮Ӧ߰
ߺû̫⣬ԷѾȫԼĶˣԼʵȫԺǿǧһۣͲǺڷԱġ
ں׷ǹҲֹͣȻŸߺۣǹˡ
˭ߺ仰ģǺڷ𹧾ߺǰ
ǸǹʶģһֳֽɫǹʽʽǹͬӦǴ˵ǹͬ硪ǹһǹ֣Уǹһ룬ĪС
ߺȻĵ˵ͷôĿÿ԰ףԭ޵еɣĳҪһ
ոһߺһ䣬һ䣬һǿı֮бȥ
ɵĽϣ֮˲סո붯壬ֹͣһĲҲʵ
ڵûʲôˣߺ۷ʱ̣ͲǶ֡
ٶһ£̽촦ǽҵĻߺ䵽˼£˵Ļɣ˿ɣԼĸҶôһ̾ԾԼɥʧʱ򣬸ߺҲƲ顣
ڷ磬ȥסǸжô·ߺҧгݵ˵һһö޴ı鿪ʼγɡ
һԲһ׵ıʼСССĸָС֣ĴڸߺС
ڷϹϾԼ˫֣öɫı˹˿ûиоʲôס
ѾԺ͸Ÿߺˣǿߣҽٶȷǳߣֱǰ;
ڷߺǿˣǱԺΪʲôǾԵ顣
ԼֻҪŸߺԺΪٶҲԲԶЩš
ڸߺĻڷûһ˿һΥԹԵԱߣȫֻҪһԲ
ǱʾĵʱԲһ˿һĲһ뷨ԺߺʥּʹǶʧԼҲҪѸߺԸˡ
ߺǹǰǹޱ飬Ҳߺˣ֮ǰе㿴ߺһǧѡ
Ȼոոߺ©֣ЩأСĴָı֮У̺ıԿԡ
ڣضԸԼЩˡ
˴㶯ֵʱĴϿʼˣߴ˷ŤԼ壬ط㼯
ЩεĶ̵ΪĴָϸ߶̳Ϊ
һ£֮Ķţȫ濴ȥΪߣм֮࣬滹ʮϢߣڲϵɶ
Щ߿ĶӣǨ㣬ǳ˰̣ء
ȻЩ߶ǧǧ˵ͲʲôǣЩ߻йһôһҲܵĿܡ
˵ЩսĴڣŪ˶ˡ
Щ˸ߺ˵棬˷Լͬ࣬һ̾˻˻Ŀֲķ
ߺվһ߸·һעԷһһ
ʱ򣬸ߺЩĽڷˣ㿴˼ңֻǶһ÷ȥɱġ
ڵĶҲܼ򵥣ɵɵվǣڷţҲһ
ڸߺоʱڸߺ˵ĸ֪֮У˷ʼһֻֻΧΧЩߡ
⵹ߺһ𾪣Ҫ˵߿аԵͲߵĶ֣ȫ˹һ
һ£ǾЩ󣬸ߺȫʶǸոսʱȺ󣬶ЩߵͷͷߺҲ
һѪɫǧͷߣߺ·ҲֻڵѾǸʱˣȫ˺ۣһҧģ󲿷ֶΪɵġ
ڸߺѾտɱˣǸźëˣԼǸǧ
ߺȻĵ˵ͷЩУȺ֮Уʲôֵǹעı
ٹһߺţǺˣΪ֮⣬л壬塭ȣʮѪԭǿ塣
ΪЩľٴ룬ߣЩ߶νģ붼ۼƬˡ
ֻ֮ţǣǸߺǸǧ𣬿ߺ֮󣬲һ¡
ܹоߺڵѾտɱˣ˿Էֻһǧѡ
ȵǸߺΪʱ򣬸ߺǧһεľ룬ڣѾǧˣѾǧˡ
һ󾳽磬ʮһ󾳽磬ʲôȫ֮еȫһţĪ


830 ֮
ôǧȼģֻ޶ѣаʮͷ֮ޡ
ǧģޣԼʮˣǧĴԼֻжʮˣֻߣ޵ȼĵûС
һ·ǧޣҲһͷǸ޴ˮ־һǲһǸʱĸߺΪࡣ
ǧĲ࣬Ҳ٣ϸߺʮ֮࣬ЩҪǷŵ棬Ǿܹһ췭ظ
ǿľǧˣǧΨ˶ѡ
һǹһǺ͸ߺһλһһŮ֮еʮֵʵʵʵԼģûܵ˵ʲô
ŮһӣһģĹʯţ֮󣬸ߺǻȻһڿŮӣߺи𺳡
ʯŵӣߺʮֵǰ˫ɯʹõţһģһ˵ĳ࣬˫ɯôơ
ôƺߺһסԼеļ̲סʵ
Ůһ֮Уһ޶ˮͽܣ𣡡
ߺ˵ͷЩУ侲ԼϲĲ𣬶пת˫ɯ
뵽⣬ߺ侲еȺĿһ˿ᡣ
ǣ񲢲ԸߺһףһСӣĿأСҽڳ
ߺЦЦûнĻһ£ʼն֮ˣվҪȥģȻ˵ĻһУΪʲô鲻ģûʲôá
ٸ𰡣ⳡ治Ҫ˵Ƶˣ˵ǹŽʢҲΪҪȫŵȥǧ𲻳˭˿أɨҲʲô£

ߺһ̤Աߣ֮һ±סҷԼ֮еĿռ֮ڡ
ԵԼ֮вԼģոջԷŵ棬Ҫ̫ˣҲ̫ˣֻȽ֮ŪԼС
ʹʱһѣߺҲſǵߡ
ںڷǧоһˣڸߺ˵ûʲôġ
ǹ𿴵⣬Ҳһżȴûбֳߺ⵵£ȳȥ֮βɵڽǳѪΪУǸá
ǹҲ붯֣ȴǹסˣǹҲǱˣǸˮĵӣˮʲôĴڰ
һ𣬵һǿߣͽôǵĴڣ˵ԷʵѾܹӳǧ۷ʵˡ
οԷеǸӣǾżǿǾǧõıеǸţıǵһˮԼƵķ
𼶵ıȿԵʹãִķţǾš
紫˵ˮһֻͽܣͳţеš
ĹһǳǿټϴˮͽܣһõˮĶضؽ̵ˮǵһĳƺŲǰġ
ʢ֮ʿܹǵһʵҲǷǳ˿ġ
Щ˶˫֣Ҫˮأһʱûһ˼ͽֵܶʱ˼ҵʦͻȻ˵˵ʲôأ
Ĳ֪Ҫɱ˼ͽܵģ˼Ҳ϶Ĺ˼Ҿôͽܣһǵǽëһһ
˾ôղû˵Ȼǵв죬ΪʲôߺǸǧߣԲʱ
ΪЩ޺ϾҪսˣ浹Ϊǿ󣬲ô˵Ҳһǧκϣô֮оǧˡ
ߺȻǣǣߺ˵Ϊʵ̫ˣЩ͸Ӧֻһҵǧ뼸ʮǧ
ǧ֮ϵĴڣǾ͸ܲˡ
ڸߺߣܹߺˣҲһߺ˵ΪֻܹоˣΪûһСġ
ǧ㵱õֱһ˶ǿǿԴԽռĶ㽻ǻΪ㣬ȻĻնģ
Ƿʴĺëڶ˶ԼӣվˣֻϷʴȦֻССȫڸˣǴʺɫȹһ
仰֮󣬸ߺһ˵ܹкñģ˸ǿߣҲˣֵȺӵ
ڵȥģһЩڵµľᱻھ
֮ѵʲôߺ˫һУе뵽
Ÿߺı飬ڸߺԱһֱվĺڷĴҪȻȥ̽һʵʱʲôö㣿
ߺҡҡͷ⵹أû˵ɽۻ𣿽գǾһΣǽóʱֵ֣ȥȡ١
˵ţߺһ˫۷ˣЦһο˱ǻҪ
Ȼߺϣߺոմֱȥֻ඼ǧҲǰʧ˫ۡ
룬ǧһǧĸߺټϼǧ𣬾ĺöҲ䵽ǵϰ
ЩǧǴĶ࣬ϾЩҲǵ׵ģҲûбҪΪеı
ܹΪǧģмƲ磿Ǹȥǲˡ
ԣǧȫˣߵĻͷһǧҲ֪ϵڱҲ䵽ǵͷϡ
ʹ䵽ͷϣҲᱻ˼ߣҪǲߵĻǵľͲһڱˣп
ǿɲ뱦ŪŪһˣ䵽еıһܹסıҪܵЩǧ׷ɱ
ʱ򣬱˵òˣ˵Сö⡣

Щǰȥߺûᣬȫע档
ǱɣƥﻳȻõ˺öûвغãǾҪܱ˷ֵĽ֡
Ȼǧû֧Ŷ೤ʱ䣬ʹǧͷÿһͷȫɢˣÿһͷ൱ǧ˺С˺ܶ౶
ǸߺվǰʹñֻǿȣǧƲ
һɱ߶С߻ǴߣģδģߵϷŹҲҪҧǷǱ
ڣʱһһĹȥˣҲڼϵĹ֮£ȫıˣһƬƬѪ޷ֵסЩ޵ĽŲ
ӶϳһζεϲȹÿһضŹڣһɫʯͷȷˡ


831 ɲʯ
ڷһߺǿԴԽıɲʯ
ߺüͷ΢壬û˵Ҫ˵ɲʯʲôãߺĲ֪
ֻɲʯϿȥǿɲʯԼֻĴָС³ɫһ˿˿ĹХ淢Թ
ЩɫĹڿɢγһֻֻצץȥңҪһеöץһ
ǣϢڱģߺǲô֪ǶڵϢߺʮ׵ģϾߺڵıǴӵɱġ
˵ڵϢߺ˭ף˭ǸʱҲֻй𣬿ѹߺһͷ
ڵĸߺҪȥһͻƵ𾳽磬ȥȻǲܵģΪߺǸʱûܵʲôİҲ˵ߺǻȥġ
ڶҵʯʯǵԼȥǣҪõʯΨһһʯഫڹʧģҲ˵һС
ҲҪͻƵľ磬ʸߺôΪ̫ʱסԼΪ˾Ļȥﵽ𾳽磬ɵĴԽ硣
˫ħæȥߺԼܾˣԼԷ죬ԷûԼԽ硣
Ҫ֪Խ磬ԼĻǺѣϾǵѾ
ǴһûͻǾͺʵˡ
˵ԪˣʱһˣԷĵʱˡ
ǿɹģûмԸԼȡ˵οǰ˰һ΢С¡
ߺΪԼҪͻƵ𣬳ɾ֮˫ħ̯ƣöԷָԼһ£ԼΪ
ǲܵĻԼҲҪ۷壬ʱ򣬶ԷԼԽ磬˵Ĳôˡ
ٲãԼıһͨδʱ֮·ȻҪĴܶ࣬ҲܱϹźðɡ
ɲʯȻԿһȥ·ôԼȥҹǾͺ˵ˡ
뵽ߺһļǵɲʯҲӵϣɷҲԸɲʯ
ȻһɲʯܹͨļֻһɶѣҲܱûҪðɡ
Ǹô죿ڷ𿴵˸ߺĿ⣬֪˸ߺ뷨֪ߺҪɲʯʵ
ߺ۾΢΢𣺡ô죿һҺܵĶɲʯ˭Ǹɱ⣬ǧڶ㶯̸֣ңһǺģ
ڵĺڷѾԾˣߺ˵ͷĿĵһۣһˣҾҵ£ԺͿԽүˣ
ڷ֮ϲüңƵǣһ߾ȫΪ£
ߺ˵ͷһãԺֻҪúð£Ͳģҵԣȣ
ڷȻ֪ߺǰΪ˵ΣǣӸոոߺԼͿԿ϶ߺһʳԶʵˣԶڸߺĻǷǳ˵ġ

ĴսһոճǿɲʯսǰĺŽһոճ֣ڣ˲ˡ
˭ҲϣһܹԽıʱʲôǿĴڣͨȥܡ
һȻûãǵ֮Уű˵ﻹıνתʯʯ
ʯͷν˼ʯͨ˼ģ˵紫ԣ֮дǱǱǣ
֪⴫Ǵ˭˵ģߺǲôţϲƣû˵˴﷢һ󣬻ȥн˭Ҳûз֣Լ֪
Ļ³һݽ磬ɱ˶ᱦ飬ʱ
ڷҲеӶУ˵ɲʯͻȥｫ֮
ûм˸ڶԺڷ֣ΪȷжԺڷֵģһǧ𣬿ڷϵĵɲʯһһʧԷЩۺ졣
Ȼ֪ڷıһߺϿǧ𣬵ǣջʵ̫ˣ棬ڷռĵɲʯ࣬ռһ롣
ԣ򵨱Ҫɱ˶ᱦ
û뵽ߺںڷ棬ռŵɲʯǱźڷǸ˸ոҪ֣һͻ
Ȼȫ¿ʼѸٵĽһ㺮󺮱飬Ǹ˵Ҳű飬ǺըɿѩĭĭǸ˵ҲѩĭĭѪĭĭɢڿ֮С
ߺһܴ˭ٸҶԺڷ֣ǾĪұ飬ƴ֮ȫĨɱ
ǧһ£׷ײר־ռԼĵɲʯ
ֻǿʼڷһξ룬뿪Ƭ򣬸ߺĵ˵ͷĵطȥˣһںڷϡ
ЩǧߺĴɫ侲Ŀ˸ߺһۣܹоߺ˲ǣҲǲġ
ǹĿ˸ߺһۣԸߺĻΪȻȻӴߺǸߺɱϵ磬ֹһεıֳˣѡŸߺĻ
Ǹ͸ߺһǧǲмЦһûߺԼΪţţǧܹѹǧ
ɲʯ˵ܶ࣬ʵҲֻٿѣЩûѰЩֻѵһ顣
ڷѵһٶ飬ߺԼѰҵһٶ飬ӲôҪɲʯֻʮ飬㲻ѰңԱ߰
ԷֻǽɲʯһϡеǴ˵صĵǺ
ǹռһٶ飬Ǹߺǧֻռ˼ʮѡ
ʣµһٿ飬Щռġ
һѾɶ֣Щ޴ǸܵЩ˵Ϣ㲻ˡ
Ҫ˵лļʮֻޣǧޣԼʵȫˣԼڶͽͽ
ǸߺһǧɫǺܺãǧ棬õ٣оԼе㶪ˡ
ڷߺһٶɲʯҸһ¸ߺĵɲʯһḬ֮̃ɫ
ߺɺɲʯȻϺڷģһжٶ飬Ѿһˡ
ǣƷ󱬷ĲٶһҲûгɹʱԼ޶
ǸëҲûжĿŸߺԴӿߺһ͸оߺһΣ


832 ս
ëûжȥΪ֪ԼȥҲǰ׹ȥԷôҪɲʯԼҲøߺѹλȥ
ߵǸǧȴûпֱӳս֮Уɱһʹ죬֮ɲʯһɲʯֵġ
ëûнҪߺ׻᲻Ķ֣ǲֵĻԼǸǧжȡһɲʯ׾ٵ顣
οôǧԼطĵͷߣɱ˶ᱦͲʲô
Сӣϵĵɲʯɣҿ㲻ڸߺ׼٣ЩǧĵɲʯȫӶʱǸһǧ˹
ߺĻһͷǸǧһۣôҪеĵɲʯ𣿡
ǧȫ֪ߺʻŭϻǲҪӽסʲôҾ㣬ϽȻ
û˵꣬ߺһתǰԼƾǸһȥ
ǸǧͲУֻԽԼĸ첲ϣߺһƵֵȥ
ž
һÿ˵Ķ䣬Ǹǧ̳ɫӡǡ
ߺһƾͽԷˣĿŸߺ˷ŭ
һƣĴˣҽĸ첲һԣԼϣ˵ԴӴһߺûͣٹֱǰأϡ
⡭ô£Ǹǧӣڿ˵ˣ漴ŭ𣺡СӣҴ𣡡
˵ֺر𣬾Ȼ𣬸ߺƺʲô˼ҲûбҪףߺͲ֮С
ǶԷ֪ˣߺĲôǶԷ˲֪ˣߺҲϢ顣
ߺ˫һ۵Ķ˳ߺʹ˻ǲԷĲˡ
ߺʹԼҲСˣȻߺıСʵ͸ٶȺܿ졣
ǸߺԼı֮м˿ռ˵ߺıǴռȥġ
Ҳſռϵܱ仯λãܿͶɻλã֮
ߺ𲻶ϵĲԼϵ亹ոҲ̫ΣˣȻһͱˣոڸܵϢ
ǻܹһжոյǹԼϣһ˲Լͻźһлɳ
һ£ҳҿˣͲҪĵɲʯˣ˸ߺоԼҲûбҪ͸ߺɱܾˣ˱ˣԸɴͣսȥֻܾˡ
ߺ֮󣬲мЦһ˵ʲôܾˣҿ̫߿ԼˣΪôٵ𣿼ȻˣҪ׼ͬĴۡڽеĵɲʯȫһ㲻Ȼ
㡭Ҫƺһ¸ߺ֣ȴԼ֪Է֣ŲǰԼӦ̫ŰˣȻˣһԳ֮ˡ
ԱߵǹӲ𡭡
ߺ˫һǹȥбŷʵʵĺâֱֱͬԷдȥ
ء
â飬һ˽ɫĳǹǹǰߺĿֵǹֹ
ǹݺݵĵԼĵܵһۣûʲô飬ҪϹ˵
𰡣Сӵʵǿ󰡣磬㵽ǲǶְǹ
ǹɫص£ҲֻǴˣΪѾǰǧΪǧ꣬ԸСȫֵ
ǣȳȥɣȥϵ磡ǹԼĶȻԸߺ˸ߣ̲ס˵
ǹ˵ͷҲã̫ΣˣڶԷĹ㣬ӦĻᶼûС
ǹôԼǹû¶ʲôҲ֪Լ˵ȫʵ顣

űԺұͿˣߺ˵һ½ԶݣСӺܿ񰡡
Ҫ˵ⵥֵĳƺŴӵеģǶǸŶһ޶˽ãǰ˵ɳֻͳƶѡ
˵𣬶Է׵ÿν˿ɼµڶôû˸µһ
зˣ˫ħֻԳƶѣڸߣĪһħ
ÿСӣ㻹ΪıµһˣСЩǿı㣡мĿ˸ߺһۡ
ߺ΢̣ͲˣҪǵǸôǽеĵɲʯ
Ǻôĵӣҿǻòͷˣôѵ㣡Ҳ߳ŭˣ˼ô裬ƤٺҲô˵ǰͷ
ߺɲôԼ֣ѱУһУһУһѱӵϢĹһѱӵеǿһزĹ
ߺֳѱУϵԷȥǲУ𿰿ոֱԼͷȴǱеĹûȫɢ
𱻳׵ıסˣǱ˪飬ȴʱ򣬻еĹˡ
ֻһ֮£ͳ˵ѪۣˣûüߺĲٴεˡ
һ಻ĺˣĶһͣͣţǿĻС
ѱ໥ϣȻƵԼĵͷŲ
ڣһУбˣһ￪⣬ڵģʮֵңѪܵ𵴣˫ֻڵλѪ
ϵű꣬ոձ忴ûȫɢⲻʵ̫ˣˣǲϣĶ
ڸߺֻһѲıˣҪһѱӮǺܼ򵥵ġ
ϾԷô˵ǧʵǺܲ
ʹóԼĴˣĴÿһжɽֵģֿܸо
ÿһжô׽ټܿʼܹס͸ӵԷˡ
ǶĸߺȴЦˣԼ˫ۣıʼߺͷųܵһжʼˣߺ
Ķ׽Ǹߺıٶȼ˺ܶ౶ʹ׽ߺ㹻ʱȥĥ
ߺں֮еٶȴǷǳĿ죬һգǰЦЦңı
˵ţΣҲܲˣ׵ıסˣѸٵ飬һҽ֮Уɢˡ


833 ɱ¾
̶̵ʱ֮ڣһǧڸߺУߺһʱ޶ܹնɱһǧģʹͬ߶δܹõǣߺȴˡ
Ǹ֮ǰߺЩӸߺô˸ߺУ˴ڿռ֮еĵɲʯ
ߺߵոȥλϣ־ͽǿռ˺ˣóʮöɲʯԼĿռ֮УЦЦЩ
ǵôģ˵еĵɲʯңһĹǣߺȻºͣЩ˵Ķ֮Уȴͬȴӵ˸оɭ
ҪǸոոߺֶΣʵ̫ײˣÿһض˷ǣӡǶûС
𾪵Ǹߺ壬ǿϳһȻȣÿγǴӲͬĽǶȳ𶼸о
ǹȷԼսߺҪԭڸߺǿϣȻڷԸڸߺĺ棬Ҳ˵һöѪѾߺС
ڸߺȴôǿǹѾȷϣԼܵ˵öѪѾȫ˸ߺУߺɾ塣
岢˵˵µģǿ֮Ż᲻Լγɵʡ
֮ǰ޷ɾ壬һ㣬һĴನ˺˸ߺֺô˵ǳʹκоԼи
ΪʲôôҪɲʯ𲢲׸ߺΪʲôһҪɲʯǸߺȻû׼ش
ЩЩԥʱ̫ˣߺɫʼҪȻǲԸԼǾݹָĳˣڷ磬Щǧ𽻸ˣ
ǣүڷ𹧹Ļصոոߺ˵ʮĳɾͣԳƺߺΪүˡ
ǧ𣬶˵Сһǧǧ𣬾ٶ࣬Ըߺ˵Ҳֻں֮ڣֻҪȫĻͷųЩ˾ûлϣ
£ͬ⣬ҽû˶֣̲סˣ˳Լĵɲʯ˳ڷȥ֮˹
ˣߺöԷͷųԼĶռ䣬Ӧһ£ȷûеɲʯˣ㿪ˡ
Ҳ׵һЩԼΪʲôҪⶫãҲҪȥܰ
¿ͷѣֻҪһվЩ˾̦һ˳ǽವ˳
ߺܱѵģûȥһҪչʾһԼĶռ䣬ߺſϷŹǡ
Щȡ飬ЩһûУߺŲûУоҪûҲԡ
ǣҪǸ˽أ³ǳ׵ûһ˿Ի͵أߺҲԷ͵Ļᡣ
ģǸȦԽԽˣʣʮͷǧޡ
ǲʹ˷Źᣬ뿪ѪԭĻᣬǵȴ˺ܶˣƹȴСĿռ֮Уʹˣòиᣬ׵ķ
Щ޷׷ױʾԲģߺŶһǣҪ˵ǲͲǹȥأ
ǿѹͷߣǼʮڵĴʹɱҲҪɱֽԣôԸǣЩ޺һХĴʼߺѹ
ߺϵЦԽԽãҲԽԽа˿ߺЦݣһжԶ߶Զϧǣǲ֪ߺж̬
һԼ֮УԼһСӸߺĶ֮˳
𡭡СŭЩ꣬ߺûпС취Ϊ۷̡
ңɱһЩޣΪСṩպĲοСڸߺ֮ѾͻƵˡ
ԺӦ˵С֮ˣǴ𡭡С
СŭʼɢȥСʼ͵ɵ˲޴ͷ­ÿһݣ˺Ȼ
ͷ𣬿ռ𶯣Ŀռ俪ʼѺۣƹȻûжɽ١
ߺôʱӣҪ֪ǰǼʮڵޣԸߺûʲôãǶС˵ǾǴ󲹰
СŸߺȻôԴߺĶضؽ̵ʹٵͻƳΪ𼶣ǣϾʹȻԼĴӸߺģûԼƵı
ڵľȻ𣬵սĲԶء
ΣߺҪΪЩ޵ĻǣӼʮڵĻǶԵ뷨֮У̤һСԼı
ֻԼģǿģҪȻСֻǸߺĿܣԶĸߺӰ֮УӲ˵ǧ֮ϵǧǧˡ
ɱߺ³һ֣ߺĲʱγɵĺʼսڵϣһŵĺʼΡ
һֻֻСһ޴úγɵĺͷȮʼϣÿһͷͷȮͨΪ
ϸȻʮͷͷȮߺϵĴŴþˣ൱һʮǧ𣬼ʹԸߺΪҲ΢΢Щ
Ǻӵеԣ˵ڸߺϢĿжûУϾĶûй̶ԣҪ˵񲻶ϵĿ״
ߺıֻҪ֮ˣһ˿´һָûʲôˡ
ߺӰǹȻһֳֽɫǹͿʼߺⲽȥ
ߺҲ˶ԷĶֻһЦԼ֮еռ֮УһɫĺǺ˲佫ߺΧ
ߺԼ˫ۣȫеë׶򿪣ɫҺٵţһɶȫߺԼ֮УߺҲָ۷塣
ǹĽŲһɲǾֹͣˣ߶ˮȻˮֱ˷ѣǿɶֶΪʲôҵģ
ڶԷߺûȥ²⣬ΪڵսѾﵽ˰Ȼ
ߺʮֱսͬһ޴ɱ¾ߵģǾѪһƬѪڡ
С˳ĳ˽ȥЩ޵Ѫ궼ԼĸС
ڷСĺ棬ִиߺС󡣸ߺܵһУҪӰͼĹǷص㣬ȷֵһѧ
ȻжڸֲûʲôãڶԸⳤǧΪߣһ
ҹļ¾ǼʮڵڻһƬѩߺʮ򺮱ͷȮɢΣߺΣˮųɹǼʮڵޡ
СͻˣߺǶ֮бչȥˣߺţСٴγʱΪһ


834 ׵
£ɱ¾Ͳ𣿡ԱǸ˾ǲףߺΪʲôôݣǼʮڵ鰡
Ҫ˵̫ʱܹһɱʮĴڣ֮ϵ𣬻ûмˣЩ漶һܹɱ˼ʮڵ顣
οЩ󲿷ֶһģл𣬼ǧ
˵ǧǱڷиģѪȫСУߺŪЩͷȮȫȼģǧ𣬻ľûʲô취ˡ
ߺһЦҸĻᣬֻϧЩһԱ񣬻֪ˣǾû취ˣϣ˱ҷŹǣҲʲô
ߺ˵ⷬ˳˼ϸ𾪺Ȼı飬仰˵ˮ˵ġ
˵Ĳһģһ˼Զˮ˵飬ų
˵ˣڷΪߺʰɲʯЩеĵɲʯȫʰˡ
ë˫УȻ˲ʲôƲ硭ҵѡǶԵİ
ԱߵļëҲǸëһ㣬µ
ȥԺѪԭ壬ΥǶԴĻ죬ǾͰ洦ãë䵽һ¡
Щ󻹴ûпԼͳ߷Щǵ쵼һֱǺͰ׵ģûô˵
ʹ屻ƵͶ·ʱҲûԼ쵼ô
ߺǲǣǣʼŸߺĵܣдţµһ֮ˡ
ڷЩɲʯģߺڷöɲʯ֮Уֳһöݸڷ
ڷ𿴵ȻĶæүΪ
ߺĿ˺ڷһۣʲôΪǸĽ㶼𣿡
⣬ߺ̾һ֮УڱУɲһõȥʱЩҲܹ𻻵Դˣ
ԸǰТүүģ¶Ըͬڷ⼸仰˵֮Զ׼
ߺԹɫֶԷ˵ʱûһɫ֪Է˵ĵȷʵ
˵ͷúúãһ£͸ڱɣԺúлᣬɾߣΪЧ
ǣлүڷһҪŸߺˣ˼С䲻ǺܴȴܹΪϡ
ǿ𰡣뵱һ۽̣ǻĹȻͻƵҲĹ
ǧǧǧ꣬ٵǧһ꣬ǧ𵽴ǧ꣬һǧ꣬ǧʱһõķһЩһࡣ
ô˵ڷӵ۽ǧʮĹʮꡣ
ߺʱԼϣǾţһë˼ʲôٶȰԼʹŬȲ˼ҵ֮һ
˼ֻ˶Ĺ򣬾ѾԼǿˣǿ̫ˣԼأʮ˼ҵл߲һȥ
ǹеĲǸߺжݣǻĻҲһģеС
ͷȮǵͷȮ֮еһ޶ǿޣڵ֮Уֻйһ˿ǣͷȮһ壡ǵ֮ǿޡ
磬ǿ壬ܹ𿹺⣬𣬶˼룬𣬵֮УǿǵͷȮΪ
ҪսһʤǺ˵޸Ѱһġ
Ӧûʲôö˰ɣǳȥɣһεĳѪһݣߺźڷ𵭵˵
Ҫ˵Ѫԭ棬õľѪˣǹڷΣҪǳѪ
ȻõĶԼ֮УұԼˣɾԼ塣
ҵõ˼Ļֱ໥֤ͻԼΪɾǧ𣬲ֱ໥ӳʼ
ҪľǵɲʯԿͨȥͨѰʯֻҪõʯôԼͿԻȥˡ
λȥͬˣǰԼҪܵʱƣԼѾΪ𣬻ҪԷôԼ
ҪǣҪԷ״ʲôı󵽵˭ָʹʱΪʲôһֱҪԼΪѡ
үھҪߣڷСʵ˼ʲô֮
ڷеȷʲô֮Ǹߺ˵ˣֲΥֻôһ䡣
ʵߺҲôһԾŶʱ򣺡˵ʲô鲻ҪУ
ǣү֪ڵĵطֻǳѪԭһǣ滹㣬ÿ֮жл
ţߺһѲɣбɲʯҪĶ𣿡ڷ¶ɫĲ֪
Ѫԭ꿪һΣһֻһ̣𶼲ЩҲֻǵ;˵ġ
֦˹ȻһЦ˵ûҲǾԱȵɲʯãҲһ٣Ȼеɲʯͨıʯͷͨ˼ıʯҲǳʯֹطҲŲҪȥأ˵˼仹ģ羰ʳˣǲ˼ɾ
˵ţ¶һ˿ϣĿ⣬Էոǵɲʯͬߺ룬ֻΪ˺Ǽġ
еĿĿǳʯģߺ֪еԵɡ
ѪԭȻǲԭǾͲ׵أѪԭԭֽѪԭ
ԭһ׵أȻĳһ첻֪ΪΣ׵غȻʼɢˣޣи𶼿ʼ뵽֮УŪ˼һ㡣
ڣˮˣԭӡڶ׵أҲǻ֮УӴˣѪԭһϣҲûж˸ڽȥˡ
ѪԭͬüſһΣԵ鱦ԭԽ࣬ҲԽԽǿ׵صںϣڳΪʵһ׵ء
ֻռʵ̫СˣѪԭСʮˮҲѪԭֳݣСһ棬ÿһ㶼֡
棬ǿֻǧ޶ѣڵµһ㣬ǿѾǰǧˡ
棬Ҳǵ¶㣬ǿľ߼ˡ
ԣ¶ĳѪԭͲǸߺ˿Խȥˣ棬Ϊ͵ĶǾǧޣһ£ͿҪ˸ߺ˵С


835 ǿǿ
ںδߺɫ侲𣬶ԷȻѪԭһʦҲˮõʲôõϢҪȻǶȻôΣյĵطġ
֪һаǧޣ¶߼ޣǾһõĳϢ
ߺĻݸһЦﶼΪ֮ʧɫҪ˵˫ߺΪ֮ʧ񣬲漴ָ
ڣҪڵһ㿪ʮ֮󣬲Żٴοһ㣬ھһ㿪Ҳоʱ䣬㻹Ҫһȣʱ棡
˵𵭵ЦЦ˯ҲǲԵģֻ˯ʱ䣡
𼶵˵ʮͲʲôĻһգۼ͹ȥˡ
ߺҲ֪ԼȥˣҪٵʵҪԵԵΣղ档
Ѫԭĵһ֮أ˵ΣյĻûбΣյĵطˣˡ
ΣһŻԵ룬ܹһǧΣյģٶǧĴڣǸҲǶǧõġ
ǹһʮʱ䣬ߺߣϣ㻹лȵǵĴ磬ǹʱ򣬽ߵսʱ
ߺ֪ǹ뷨֪һвİǧǹ鷳
źڷ𣬸ߺʼ׵֮еĶЩЩԸߺеãЩûˡ
ߺԼû̫õĶֳ࣬һСʵаģߺȡԺڷкܴģȸ˺ڷ
ϾСڵʵ˵ʵ̫ˣʵѾЩ鸡ˣôȥ˵նܲˣᱬ
ߺԲϣķС˵ĳҲĺӡ
֮еõĵʼߺۿСһƿǶһªСһݵĴڡ
˵СǸߺԿųģʹԼ׶Ůնߺûн
ںڷ𣬸ߺĸоҳϣǱߺ˱һȸߺ˱ֻ˷ء
Ȼ֮ǰߺֻҪ϶һΪˣͻ᲻Ч
ϣȻ˼ΪˣǾ;ԲᱳˣϣǾԲΥԼѡ
ܹΪģûһǷ޳СˣΪ޷򵽴
ҲǸԭαӣԭһСˣǾԲַ޳顣
ߺڷΪҲţŲߺڵҲӵˡ
ֻڸߺıԷıͲͬԣûа취ԸİֻѾڷˡ
Ҫ֪ߺ㽫ŵȥ֪ʲô뷨أ
ߺţ̫ʱԷ⣬û˱ȷӵ˽ˣźڷиõķչ
Ȼߺô͸ߺڷأϾڵԼ𲢲ôϤԶԷӦӦԼδ֪
ߺ߾ȫģΪߺעҪصԼԭǸ磬ڷȻߺһȥ൱ڸıԺĵ
ߺ֪ʲôʷԼѾɱ˺ܶ飬Լ̫ʱƶʷ
ĳֻһȻߺǷʯߺҲ̫ͨʱˡ
ʲôʷǸߺû̫ʱ˫ħͲῴԼʩչ˫ħҲ뵽ȥ
ôԼ̫ʱߣ̫ʱߣԼǴʱʱҪԼı䡣
ߺ֪ΪûʱʱԼǸʱ̫ԶˣԶʱϢϢѾݲȥˡ
ֻߺû˵̫ʱһǿı𣬺˱Ͳһ
οڵĸߺһֱǸʱôǸʱĸߺʲôأܲһʱԼɣ
ǸͲܵģǳֵǣһǰԼһԼǵϵʱǲͬʱֵġ
ߵʱ򣬸ߺȻչأΪڻ벻ֱ໥ӳ֮£ߺڸоԼΪͻƵļˡ
Ըߺ˵Ǻ£ͻƵʱʱ䣬ߺڳɹĳΪǧ
ʵȻҲͬնˣֻ벻໥ӳȴֹͣ
ߺ֪ԼԵ⣬ѾԼٴˣҲ˵ǰߺԵ⣬ѾǧĽ׶ΣֻԵòûдﵽǧ̶ֳȡ
ڣߺѾǧĳ̶ˣȻȻľֹͣסˡ
֮Уڷ𿴵ĿɿڴĺĽߺȻô̵ʱ֮Уǧˡ
ʮֵĻɣߺǲʲôת֮һƱĻ
ȫǲܵģҪ֪֮һˮˮ𣬶ˮͬԴͬ壬Ҳ˵˭صһƱǺǾֻһ˿԰õˣǾˮˡ
ǣôأˮߺںڷбʮֵ
Ǻڷǹ𶼸оߺʮֵأڱƣ˷ԣڱϲѾﵽһƫִĵز
ڷֹһεĿߺбȱǿµ˵ߺʱ˽⣬Ѿһǧˡ
ߺܹԼıרʱŻӵǿģǣߺûôǽ뵽Լı֮С
û뵽ĻһţҡҷԼ֫׿ԽŸߺ
ǣߺԷһľ룬ԷſĲôǵģߺԼսȥ滯Ƭ
ȻߺûнȥҲ֪浽ʲôǣżȻ˵ġ
ȻߺҲоżǾʵǾż𳤽
ֻΪĳԵʣܵԹ˺ԴȪֱ룬ѱȻͱһˡ
ż֮۷ˣֻҪͻ֮һ߱ˣǾһˡ
ԾԾȷһߣʱൽˣӦøңôһ˰ɣߺʮֵ䵭ǰûк˫ɯƵòһ
𵭵ЦһΪһôڵʵҲˣȣЩģڵһ֮УȻǷǳΣաְɣսƷȫΣġ
ģ⻹һˡߺޱ飬䵭
ðɣˣ
ġߺıûʲô仯
˶һðɺðɣͰ˵ģķˣ


836 
ߺҲûзԣȻ˵ڸߺѾٴˣʹµǧ޷ߺ⣬ʵ̫ˡ
͵Ķǧ𣬶ߵѾǰǧˣ֪߾ǲ
ʵҲ̫ԷôһˮͽܣӾţǲɶõʵܲ˶ݡ
ߺţʹǧƾҲԷһеǿʵ
ңʦˮǽѪԭӡڻǿڣһǶѪԭһ˽⣬Żġ
ٶԷ˽Ѫԭĳ̶ȱȺڷְӸ߲٣ǹ𣬸ߺ붼û룬ǾԲԷ˵ġ
һǿĶֲ£µǣԼսʱʱһԼıôͱӡ
Լôʹ࣬ǶȶôôԼǸߺԲܵģҲǾԲܹġ
ҲߺǾԲǹģڵʵߺˣҸߺڵʵҪǹжࡣ
Ҫģ͸ߺƣκε鶼ᾪţŵԣĺԲϢκθƻˣʹԼҲС
ΪߵĸԶʲôΣգҲԲᾪʧ룬ӵ򶨣Ҳ߳ΣյľأŬԼõϡ
ңҲװסΣ֮еĻԼʵõǴлȡ档
ܹ侲ķǰʱ֣ʲôʱӦȫˣʲôʱӦòƸ󣬽ԼԶڵһλֲȱսΣյ
Ըߺ·͸ԼģԶ޷ı䡣
ʦֻǣΪֹûжٶܹˮΣյĸо
˵ڵĵڶҲĵڶܹһвĸоҲǿҡ
˵֮Уˮ۷ˣس֮ʱγɵĵһһˮˮ֮󣬲ſʼſʼɵأ˵һľ
֮˵һƻ𣬻֮ǽ𣬴Ӵ֮֮С
֮ˮΪĹ֮Упʼħʱˮ֪ôħֻǽ֮ϳԼ֮УӴ֮ؼһǿĴڿʼ˫ħҲڵˣħ
ƿеĺϳɣеĵȫ滮֮С
ħħħĺϳɣҲһǸһǶһ޶Ĵڣֻ֤һ
νĴΨһҲԭĴֻһǾȴ֮⣬еĵ
еĹǰǲ԰ģߺţʹֻҪ۷ģҲǿԳΪΨһĴڣֻҪֲиŬܶ
͹ϵһ˵ˣǧ;ͬ飬ʹΨһߺֻҪԼĵҲһܹһĳ̶ϡ
ڸߺ˳ɹʱȴһʮֵĲۣǾǹֽġ
ôһҪ˰ǹֽҪ˵ǹٶȣںܾ֮ǰӦõ棬ҽ˹
ǣӣʮ궼ûйʲô飬ǲ˰ɡ
Ҫ˵Լȥֲңڸߺ֮УʵȻ˵ģҲˡ
ΨһľǺڷˣڷиߺߺɲڵܹȵġ
ʹҲҪʱ䣬ӵǹ˵أǰ˾Ҫ
ǲɱģˮ˽ƣɱԺҪˮˡ
һǰԿʸûУʣµΨѡ
Ҫ֪ˮôͽܣĸʲôƵģԼҪˣǵǿˮ𷢿ġ
غƽ飬ǹܲǣˮɱԼˣǾԲܹܵģʲôûˡ
ǿɸһսĺдд裬ڷƽһսɣǹýǹָŸߺˣǿߺ֮󣬺ǵĽǹƶ
ڷɫˣԼֻǧȻƽǧǷǳǿˣɲǧĶ֡
ʲôƽôƽҲӦõԼͻƵǧǸز
ߺվ˳ɣƽҾԻ㹫ƽģ
⡭ǹɫΪѣ棬ԵΪܹսʤҲҪηηβģĽй
һµĸߺΪĺ֮Թޣ¶ϸߺ;ûлĿܡ
ԵĵȻǺڷˣڷȫĶ֣ߺֻҪһоͿˣڷҲֻͬҪһоͿ԰쵽
ɣӼ濪ʼһûгأҲСң˳ŸߺӯӯһЦ˵
ߺҲ˵ͷҲһ£ʵΣԺҲ˵ˡ
Ҫǣߺ˭½ģ˵ԷԼĻߺκϵʱ䣬ҲӦİ취
ܼ򵥣ı˳һ˦ǱӾȻ˰أǹıͻȻһռѷ죬رӴ¶˳
ǹһֱע𣬵ȵһ֣̾ͷӳ˹ɫĳǹһ㽫ǱӲԼĽǹϡ
΢΢һЦ㿴ҵĵɣˮ֮˸ա
󣬽һ˦ǽǹȻ˦ȥһȦȦתǲתĽǹòʱſǹ
ţﻯﲻǹոշſǹеžͿʼı󣬲иȥ
ɸߴ󣬿ǧɵľ޴ʯţ˫Ž¶һ˿϶Ͳޱǿǽǹȥ
ǹֽǹβץסȴ޲ǽǹͲԼһʯŽסС
ߺˣʯ֮ϣһɫĿ̺ۣڹʯŵ棬ʯ˵ʵ̫Сˣֱ޷ĵز
濴̺ۣн״ģи״ģΰ˹֣ʲôӵıС
ǽɫĳǹ֮뷨žȻٴһ֣ߺŶЩпŰ治֪ǿʲôز뷨Ŷ˹ǿ֮ͬڷʲôĴأ
ߺ֪Ķȴ˵ΪصȤҪŵʲôĴģǸ˵еˮ


837 ǹ
ߣ㻹ʲô˵ģǲǻĻû˵ͷ֣ǰǹϾȻʼһĺǺǵ֮Ѹٵӡ
࣡
𣬵ǹ忪ʼΪޣʲôûˣıм˷ȥ
ڸոǹվĵطһɢǿһϢĺɢߺӰںͦȻ
ߺһ֮бĺǰĿռ䳹׵ıסˣҿռԽԽʵ
һȭȥĺƵڸոǹʧĵطһĿռ䣬ΪԷǱߺıģҸߺԿռ¯ģͲô׵ľͱߺҵ
ߺĻֻǽԷ׵ĴݻˣûлٵǷĿռ䡣
ڷ磬ȥңҪĶȫߣߺʮֵ䣬˸оԼ඼Ҫһ
ߺȻӦ˶ԷҪƽսҪ֣Ȿһƾеսߺʵǿô࣬Ȼ͵Ϯ
һεĿǶ飬Ϸκ飬ݡ
㻹鰡ŪһԼں㷢ЦЦ
ߺҡҡͷ飬ϧܹҷк󱳵ˣǾĵȫϿɵˣ
˵Ÿߺתͷ˿ڷ𣺡ڷ磬ϣҲܹϿɣΪҿԷĽ󱳽ˣ
ڷȻЩʧ䣬Ȼ֪ô׾͵õߺϿɣŬΪԸߺҳϾԻᷢĵġ
ţԼ¿ɼģһõߺľϿɡ
ңʹԼûеõԸߺľϿɣߺԾǲԼֻΪԼǸߺĻ¡
Ѿϵ˷ˣҪ֪Ǳˣ˵ôԴԼǳ⣬ֻԼȲ
ߺѾǲˣǳĲ
ңŲĽ󱳽أʵ
ߺһ˵㻹ûкڷأʱǾԲĽ齻㣬Ȼڴлû֮ǰ˵㻹ǱȽϿεģ
˵֮󣬸ߺܣȴûзʲô仯ɫһ㲻ˣɣһأ
ߺĻû˵꣬ؾͿʼѷ֮УͿʼӳѪɫضסˡ
ͬѪһ죬ҿʼת·沢½ˣ޵Ĵڡ
Щɫ֮ǿӦǿռķӦַӦߺо־塣
ˮĿռȷǷǳǿ󣬷Χôһ󣬶һǶʱĴĺѽ죡ߺ˵
ǵȻҲҵʦôĴڣһ𣬵һǿߣޱԺ˵
ߺûж˵ʲôҲ֪˵ĵȷʵˮȷǴ˵еĴڡ
ԴӸߺΪ֮󣬾Ͳֹһε˵ֻ֣ߺȽϲǣԼĺûˮĴ˵û˸˵һ
̫ʱʷһƬհףʲôûУû֪ʱʲô
ߺ룬ҲǰԼʵ̫΢ѣĿܹõʲô
֪һЩʲôֻûи߹ԼЩǾܡ
ߺһԾ뵽ƬѪɫ֮УߺоһתæԼ񣬾Ŀռ
ߺ֣ɫѪĿռǷǳǿԼԿռ⣬˵һСʯӼһȻǸҲĻ
ߺĿռڿռ䷨Ȼ۷֣ǣˮõ⴫ѾǱˣǿı
Ӱʧڶǰëɢһ۰ΪĿĲֶΣ£ˣޣǷǳµģ
ЩոҪߣӰʹԶٵѾǵϿˡ
ţͨĴ½ѾˣֻҪɫΪŨҵĵطǴڴǸˣֳˮǹ˵
ǳǹͬˮһ峺ͲƬռһֻҪϸ;Բ֣ᷢԭﻹһ˳ǹ
˵ĳʮֵ˧һ⻬գˮһ׵Ƥ˿翡
磬Ƕ絽ôˣʱһӰߵԱߣ˵ŵһɫǹ
ûˣһʮǰȥԼǹ֪ԼֵѾˡ
磬֮УǹһԣǸֵĻһʺ
ǴҪģΪֵֵܣҶ𣬲
ǹһǹ¾϶ǹһǹ֣ǣǹǿ֮£˭˸ҵУ
˭ǸҶκһ˵ĻҲԻƴǾԵ޳ܣ͵Ϯ㣬ûҪֻиҪ
ֻҪܰǱǾ;Իʲôɱ˷Ż𣬼°ӣֱʲô취ܹЧĴ֣ʲô취ȫû˵ĵߡ
㡭ңһСģ֪ȥ𣿻һһ˽ǹģǹһ㽫ëԼС
ӸµĿеĺë飬ëɣֻҪԼĸ˵һ䷴ԵĻԷͻԼ
Ǹбģ˽һ㣬˵Ǹˡܲܽҷ˵
Ǻë뽫ǹǹ𣬵ǺȻ֮뵽ʲô̸Ŀڵ
ּۻۣͲ±ɱ𣿡ǹ˫΢Уǹâʼֻ֣ûдǺë
Ϊ˵һ仰ڲ׷Ļ˵ٹЩʱգͳΪǧˣʱԸҲô򵥵ˣ
ôܣڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣôܴǧΪǧ𡣡˵Ļǹмڹˡ
ǣһͲòˣʮ֮ڣߺѾǧΪǧˣžͨǧ𶼲Ķ֣ұ֤ˮͽԴӣǲʲôԵʵ𣿡
ʲôʮ꣬ɾǧ⡭̫̬ˣԲôչȥǹ΢Уǹâ˲̽ĺɫȥ
ߡӦѾȥˣ˵ţǹʹͷȥǽ뵽ɫѪһ̣ĻǺ޵ҧгݵ˵һҪҸߺ
˵ǣˣ˸Ǽ飬Ǹո˵ǸˣѾߺ׵ˣΪԷսƷˣ


838 ʯ
ߺоԼѾܸоʱѾ˹֮Уǵһѹģȵء
ѵʱ䲢ȸߺ٣ǸߺոѣѾ˹
ѵǺڷˣǿҪصʱ򣬲ѹģǸߺİ˵Ѿˤˡ
ǱѰȻߺǿ޷ָ֧ߺڿзУ޷ھʮ֮ʩչ
һǸ߿ʮ֮ϣЩ˾ͻԼ֮еĵʲôѹסˣֻܹԱͷų˵ⶼܡ
һ͵ĽֹЩȥϣĽͣߺ˲ףԭһˮĹ͡
ԭγɵһʱǧѻӹЩѻǳǿ󣬼ʹǰǧֻҪ뵽У֮ΨлɢͷʣµĽ
Щѻǵһеİ֮ǰڳѪԭ֮иǿѹԲûзֳô죬γɵһ֮һߵ޲ǰǧ
ͲЩѻĶ֣Ǻѻߣѻ𣬸ǰǧЩѻ˳ưԵһĵطһȫ
ǿ޲ȫΪһƬأˮ֪ԼǷȱˣŭ֮£һһơ
ڵһϿʮ׵ĵطеģȫѻзУ㡣
˵һѻڽʮ׸߿֮ǰǧΪȻǣ뵽֮Ϊͻᱻµѹɴڡ
ֻ֣ǽѹƵڲţʩչĻȴʹʮɣһֱЩȻϡ
ģпʼķչˣѻѾܹưһ㣬֮俪ʼƽУˮһֹȴûг
Ϊѻһķʵ̫ˣƾ͵ѹѻһĴڰɡ
ߺȻȻܣڸߺ˵ܣһޱ޼ʵʯ֣ι״ĸʯֲʯɵġ
п̻ʯп̻ŻʯеʯǾ޴ĺޣеʯ˹
ߺкڷ𣬿ʼʯ֮ߣ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ߺҲûҵͷԽԽԺĸо
𣬻ңǸôȥ⵽ʦŪģ㲻ڲ֪ɣߺ˫΢У˵
ѽһܶˣһֵʯԼȥ̸ҵԵһ˵
εԼļ򣺡ʵǸʵҲǺֻ֪֪¶ΣգУô뵽һ֮жѣ
ߺ˲ңҺ˵ΪʲôȫԲˣ
εҡҡͷҴû˵Ҷһж˽⣬ʵϣҵʦͲͬ˵Ӱҵһ͵ųġ
ߺһû취ôΪأڸԼϲȥ²ģ
ѾĽѣ𷢵ĿźܴԼһΥԼԣ˵̾£ֱӦΪֹ
Ȼߺе㲻ԣ־ͱĺӸߺ֮бȥԱߵһʯ̱סˣȻȫ顣
ʯ׷ɣĺɢȥߺɫȻü֮һ
Щʯͷͨʯͷߺ˵ոշʯͷȻһ£ңԼ˺תתȦһ
ոЩʯߺǿˣ״һģһģֻλЩͬѣЩʯܹĻ˵ԼȦ֮ˡ
ߺĴҲʼעܵʯҲеĲͬ
ڣȤĲЩʯ֣Ǹߺˡ
һˣȻôĹ۲ңԷӻôᣬΪȴôǿٶȸࡣ
ңΣգԷܹ취ΪģΣ֮ѰҵɹԼΪ
㵽˭ҿ֪𣿡ʵ
ߺҡҡͷȻ
ߺĻػĿƵĿŸߺĻػǸߺһ仰ᣬȴֶԸߺȤԽԽŨߺԽӵأԽҪ˽ߺ
ȻУǲġߺ˵֮󣬾Ĺ۲Աߵʯˣʯ״ϻЩ
ǣȴӵβͣͽףеһȦȦģ·һһǱҧ˿У»ᱻ˲Ľ顣
Ȼ֪ЩʯĴܸøңǸôɣôǶĿŸߺǺ֪ߺҪô졣
ߣ⻹򵥣֪ܹõҪȻղŵʯİߺָǸʯ˵
εĿ˸ߺһۣոҪ˵ЩʲôǣǸʯȻ˵ˣС࣬Ȼҿڳԣɣ
˵ţǸ޴Ĺ￪ʼҵĶʯͷʼֻ޴צȴȻͬνһ
޴ʯ֮УһֻֻצӿʼгͣʯչγǸ޴ϻ塣
𡭡ֻϻͷŭһɢȥ޴ϻȻˡ
ֻԷֻǧĵȼͲߺУߺһâͽǸһסˣԾԼ壬ԼַǸϻͷϡ
θߺõĿǲһﲢûߺҪԷشء
ңʯôȥߺ䵭ҪԼıòϻס
ҪСĶԷܹƿԼܹһ˲ԼĻ֮⣬ȻѸײڶ֮ƽ֮
Ǿ޴׻̾һ֪ͲᱻʯػˣңǱɱ֮Ҳһʯ
Ǹ޴ϻ˵ܵʯȫʼˣһֻֻι״Ĺ￪ʼʯ״˻
𡭡ߺԶԶȥֱһ۶ףϷɵģеܵģˮεĶС
м䣬ߺڿһĵطǸطĴͻȻݣһ֣ˮʼͬһϵķȻһֻֻ㿪ʼ֡
ߺװ׵ģ֮ǰǹʯ
ǲô׳ȥˣߺ˫һУ侲ķ
Ķǧǿǧмλϣм۷ǧʯ
ʮɣ·һͳһ׵ĹȺߺĲ֪⵽˶ٹ࣬Żطôʯ


839 ڷ籯ҵĹȥ
ߺɫ䣬ڷȴĿֻ֮ɫվڸߺǰүϿ߰ɣϺ󣡡
Ŀһۺڷ𣺡ôжôԸߺôҳϰ
ڷЦһͷ˿ߺߺҲ֣ԷԼɱһս֮󣬶Լӵĳˡ
ͱΣ֪Ǳ֣֮ҵڸߺǰϺֿԼҳǾԺٵģѡԼ벢ûпԼǰ֮١
ʹǰߺշЩˣĪǾԼǿʵȫԼסˡ
ţǲĻͬǻѡڷȫ෴ѡ
һõ˺ѣȻڳү֮ǰٰңǣҿܹһ֪ˣѾˣ
ڷ̾һĿʼԼľ
ԭڻʱҲֻһѣһݵͼߵĻò
ǸʱͶԷƫһĸоҶԷԹֱŵһĵز
ǣʹҲԲĹֻΪڷǱһֻڷˣڷޣ̫ʱֻһַǳͨҰޣ֡
صʱ򣬾ͱԼļˣɱʳĺڷѰҵ
ֵǺڷ޲ûгԵǽ󣬱ӦһֱôȥֱڷСɽС
ǣǸүȥԣȴֻڷüǻڷ굱һֱ׷ɱ
걼ܵٶʵ̫ˣϤƬطȻı˹ȥ
ǸүȤ˽Լׯ԰Щ꣬һֱǸνүū
ûԼķӣȴڹ֮УĲĵͼݣÿֻΪ˰ǸүϰԼ䡣
νİҲֻǱǸүɱҪڶ񹷵˺ҧ
һֱ꣬һ죬Ǹү׷ɱʱõĹ
һֱ׷ɱ£ʼˣңٶҲǷǱѰǳĿ졣
ܿģԽǸׯ԰󣬲ҳɹ𣬵ǣС˴֮ϢĴ
ʹɹˣҲûаЩ߳ܵĳƺСڷޡ
磬ǱշˣǣÿΣʱ̣Ǳ׳ȥǸˣԶԷʵǿ
ǿ½ˣȫǿ𣬲ܹսĹսᱻĵ뿪·ߡ
˺ܶ꣬Լмǧ꣬ǧķ˴
ȹ˺ܶᣬСΪĳִڱˣǣֳΪ˷²ûкö١
һֱ̼ᣬЩľˣһֱ֮УԶˣҲӵĿõһ֪
ʹǳΪҲˣһԼӳڣһֱûǡ
ϣҲһܹԼһΣһΣҲˣΣڴӸߺϸܵˡ
֮ǰȷҪڸߺԱߣܵ˵ֻΪԼѡ
ǣεĿĲͬΪԼΪԼΪԼǴδڣǸѾʼЩùڱӲڡ
лүָо¡ԸΪүĪǣү㻹ǸϿ߰ɣԼĹ£ڷ۽ǲȻһˮ
Ƿŵߺڵʱһᣬܹγ쫷磬캧ˡ
һ࣬ҲϵϣڵȴûЦҲû˾ÿЦ
ᣬԷʮ꣬Ҳȴʮ꣬ƽˣһһˣǶ˵ֺֹһһꣿ
һ꣬ĵѹֻ˶٣
˵ģӽǱļūˣĴ㣬½ɱվ󡭡סӽ𣬾ǱˡߺĿڵ
ܹԷ˵ĲǼٻԵ滰ʱĵֱ߸ߺܵС
ߺĬĬվںڷǰЩǽɣ
ڷֲۣһ£ֵ˵úڷүսʹսڷϧ
ܶ˰֣ӽ仹кڷ𣬵ǣҲСߺҲֻ˳˵˵ѡ
ǣ˵һ㣬Ȼ뵽ԼĲǺУסˡ
ٿڷϣĿ⣬ߺʵǲԸöԷʧһֱͷƤţһɢԼǿĻϢ
ССڴˣһֱסڷϣĿ⣬ǿ֪ߺȡֵĿˡ
ǣһжˣû⣬ڷҲȻûʶôһµȡֻĿ
䡭
һʯγɵڳܲסߺϢֱӱˣԽԽǧޣֱ𵹵زȻ飬
СڣвУ̫񹷵ˣӣˣͲˣѹǣںڣôоôأСںڣ
Ƹߺɱ¾ʵߺпް룺ǷǷں˰ɣԼԼһ⣬ô͹ܲסԼأ
ԺͽСôߺͣԼˣεͷźڷЦЦ
ڷ𣺡
Ҳһ
ߺ˵ͷðɣɣԺͽСΣ㿴ԵСһܹ֤Էǿԡ
ĺøжҾȻԶԡƨСʲô֣ôȡֵ𣿡ŭ
ô𣿡ߺ׵ԼͷԼͷƣҪһ֣޵ī벻֡
ڷ𣺡á̫ˣԺҶƺڷǰԳСˣֻ˭Ҫߡ
ߺСһͷúúãҾԲ⴫οԼӶˡ
ڷһ֪֪֮֡
ڷ³һãӦˣֱȥ֮󣬻Ц󷽣һȻӵôɰ֡
ںڷԸߺֵĹ֮񣬿ˡ
ǳճյЦԸΪߺܵģ˿ɼٶȣǿʵ侲ͷԣ˧
ڿһߺϤԭߺĲȫţУĸߺһᣬһֿɰ
ȻɰڻǺڷС磬һǿ֡
Ժÿڷ𣬶ҪԷһСеĶӣսܡ


840 ˮԪ
ЩʯγɵǳĶ࣬ҷǳǿеǧǿȵȻ˸ߺʮУſƵ
̧ȥܵǧ֮࣬ȺϣߺͲǶ֡
ǣ󲿷ֵǧȻǸˮ̶ˮ̶֮Уȫǧγɵζ
ȥǰ취ЩǰҲܰɫأԸߺڷ˵
ߺȻ֪飬Ҳûа취Щʯγɵ֮һɽ纣һԼҪߣ߳Ƭ
ǣԼôߣֶǸˮ̶Զ޷߳ƬһԹ
ߺҲȥ鿴ߴＸʮ׵ĹȱȽǣγһʯǽߺ۾޷Ҫ˵ǲ
ܺһصסˣ޷뿪ԼܷԲס
ԴԴϵıˮ̶նȥȻͬʯһȫʧˡ
ߺ˫һУˮè壬һҪ̽һ£
ʱҲ˵ܲܰѺ󱳽ˣ˵ҲܶԼ֣һ˾һʱǻҪԼġ
ҪľǾϺпӳصʯ֣Ҳôվڸߺǰڷվڸߺĺ档
ڵѾ˲ŮܲˣߺԼǰǰļϡ
һŭⶼʲôʱˣȻ˼ռԼıˣǲ֪
ֻû꣬ߺֱһʹͽ֮קԼ࣬ͳ㵲סҵˡ
Ѿקͷߺȥһ֮£̴󾪣ۣ֮ǳüĵĵۣ֮Եħ᣿
ߺĿһۣȻĺڷȥֻڷҲһݲηĿԼ
ڸոǸʱ򣬸ߺѾԼĵ֮ͷųˣ̺֮ŵһдԽռĹܡ
ԼǸ磬̼ʱ򣬸ߺͿԼĵ֮۴˼䡣
ʱ򣬵֮ںʲˣ뿴ڷķӦߺеˣ̫ʱüг֮۵ģһǵ֮ˣݻ͡
Ƕ´ˣߺǵ֮ˣҲʲôνĵеħᣬҪ˵ĻݿǱЩħǿ̫ˡ
٣ߺԼǸ磬ݹΪ֣˰˰ӣôҲǵ֮еĶˡ
ߺû˵ôĻҲû˽ʲôöĿ֮Уһ۵Ĺâڸߺǰǧ飬ǹҫ֮Уʼĸá
ֱЩʯȻС˺ܶ࣬ûν壬ûνƤëеֻǹͷѡ
ǿĲҫ֮£ͷʼ绯󱻷һȫĩƮ
ߺһ֮۵Լʵˣ˲٣һ֮£ǧǧˡ
걾Դʹó̶ȣ֮ǰӵĺķˣ֮ǰ۷ܹʹεĻôڣȫֻܹ꣬һΣˡ
ߺһģڷæסߺߺһոͷŵ֮۵ʱԼ֮УƬԼĶռ䣬·һ˿
ɲʯɲʯҲǵ֮ѲɣܹԼĵ֮ʹãˣߺĵĿѾˮˣ˷̫ϧˣ
ߺҧҧǽˣ˽֮УҵҪصʯֵǿʲôزൽ
ţߺһһöɲʯͳڸߺ֮У·Ǹо˵֮۵ǵɲʯȻʼ𽥵ܽ⡣
һɭĹ޴Ӹߺĵɲʯ֮ɢߺȥߺĵ֮Уһɺĵ㿪ʼγɣʼԽԽ
ȵܹʱŷ֣Ǻ㾹Ȼһɺãɭɲη壬Ϻ£·ڴЦ
ţ֮۵ڶأȻضħ֮е壡˵ЩĪĻˣߺҲȥᡣ
ߺе㰵ޣ˵Ҫʱ̣㲻æҲˣһֱԱ˵ȻɢԼ
ߺͶԵ֮۱Ƚк֮ģںˣҪʲôʲôҪ˯һŴͷ֡
ߺоڵ֮ۿһжˣЩʯγɵȫˣֻꡣ
ЩǧоȻ󲿷ֶһ֮ѡ
֮ĺ棬һ˿˿ϸ˿֮γɵϸߣһֱ쵽ˮ̶֮С
ЩϸߵԴͷȻһöԲȫˮγɵģ沨ԡ
ˮԪˮоȻγˮԪȻγɵģΪģߺпʼ֮УȻһϲ
ˮͨ壬ԼˮԴˣôԼıܹͬһ¥
ҧҧߺ¶˾ģ뻢ѨɵûӣûΣգôܹ
뵽⣬ߺһʮöɲʯӸߺг֣ߺԽԽɺ죬ģѾڱˣֻһؿ
ߺԼĵ֮ܿȥһɺѪôŸߺתͷ񼤹һɨЩʯ޵壬Щ޲ѡ
һȥܽǧǧȫЩʯ̾Ͳٶˣһĵһ
ߺ弲۶ȥҸ˴ȴţʱӦǰȫģ
ڷԸߺĻأǲڿ˸ߺĵ֮ۺ󣬱ͶԸߺĴôݸߺԼжأһ˱Էǵòʧ
ڸߺĺ棬ߺҲ⣬ȻŮ棬ٺòˣˮԪǲʦġ
ڵĸߺԽԽãѪԭȫˮģĺöŪģ֪ʲôĿ꣬һжǶԼġ
ߺ뵽ﶼÿЦ˼ҵͽأԼȻ˵ǶԼġ
ΪֹеĺöԼˣǾŽѪɲʯҲԼõࡣ
ܵʯ֮۾ȻǵĿǣûеֿ֮͸걾ʵ˵ߺǰǧǾǧ𣬶ܷˮ׵ˮԪ
νˮԪˮľ̺ǿµĶˮϢ
صʯЩߺˮ̶ȥȻ˺ڷˣŸߺͼ۶
۵ٶȷǳĿ죬ȸոչߺ˵ʱ򣬶ࡣ
ҿߺеĵɲʯֻʣöˣǰǧڵ·
ߺŭȻûһɽ


841 ˮ
ߺһŭ֮еĵɲʯȫޣγɰͷŸߺĵ֮Ʈȥ˿Ʈ롣
ߺͫ׵ɺɫͫʾȻʼһģһɺɫá
ЩŵĺɫӿڰΣγһɽ
ǾɽɣѾ쵽ˮ֮УֻⲢǵɵģˮ֮вûܵκεӰ졣
ҲǸߺˮĵطĵȻǿ˹ܹѡԵĿƵ
ǴɽӼɴСȫǺɫģֻĺڵ㣬ϸһͻ֣ᷢǺڵ㲢ǱģһĿնõ۾
ɽȻɴССͬͷСɺɫͷɵġ
һɵĴɽɶٺɫãû˻֪ҲûҪ֪ΪֻҪⶫһۣ͸оԼڵ֮еĸоһ
ĺɫͷֻҪһۣͻоͷ飬ȫĺë
֮ɽͳĵ֮ɽֻǿϧȱ˵ֻ֮Ǵĵ֮еġ𾪿ֵĿɽ˵
ߺľѾˣ֮ǰõıɱ˵ķʽȻ˵̣ܹܲоԷıϢͳͳĻ
˼󲿷ṩģ˵ߣ˵Ĵˡ
ֻһЩϵĴܣڼԼЩǾԲܹǵá
ҹ֮еԪһԪȻ˼Ĵܣûмܹ֮ȼ磬󲿷ɶĶ֡
ǣڸߺԼƷԼۣۣ֮ԾǵУħᣬҲǹִĺᣬֻڹħᣬе֮Ĵڡ
֮ۻڸߺüģȫǵȨ߹Ȩļûмħ񣬵ܹ֮Լüġ
䡭
ǾɽſԺȫȻ£ʯ鿪ʼѣΪޣʯĩ
Щǧûһ˿ĳΪĩ걻ǾɽȥΪɽеһ˿
Щ꣬ûӳʯͱٴνˣεĽҲ޷ˡ
ΪνǵģǸߺĵֻۣ֮صĿܣֻܱߺãҲһ죬ߺҪ֮еʱ򣬻ὫǷųɡ
ǰǸߺҪǵЩ껹Լĵ֮С
ǺɫγɵɾɽʼһƬӰ뵽ߺĵ֮У»һɫãԽԽСһ㣬ֱʧ
ͬɾɽֵʱһֻȫˣ·ɾɽûгֹǵƬʯĩ˭ţһֻ۾ôǿĹ
εۣ֮·ȣȻûеȸߺȥϢԼʧˣߺεۣ֮ˡ
˵һ˵ķǳһͷһΣһĸ⻹ŵˣȻŵˣǾҪʱ
ǣֳԼ÷ΧķԳУȻĻܻһᱻ
ߺĵ֮ȻԷͬҲ;ͬ飬ǳʱô˵ֻ֮ۻᱻű
֮۵Ա㹻ڵĸߺ
Ҳ˵ߺһʱǾԲʹõ֮ˣȻĻ֪ԼԳˣȴҪԶԵɵˡ
Ҳ˵һʱ֮ڣߺǾԲʹõ֮ˣǵ֮޸Լˡ
ߺĿˮ̶һʯĩƯ棬ߺ˫һУֽһʯĩǣϸĹ۲һ¡
ʯĩֻһЩϵķϣȻӲǶ˵ûʲôãΪٴɱˣʳ֮ζ֮ϧĶ
ˮˣĵʲôߺ֪Ҳ𰸾ˮ̶֮°ɡ
Ҫ֪ˮôǿĴڣǸͲҪʲôģοЩϿʹҲۡ
ԣΨһܾǣصʯ֣ڵĸߺˮ𲻵оη֮ģк֮ģףǶôǿȻܹδ֪
ЩʯܺÿƣĹȴǧı
ЩԲ־嵽һĵزߺȫţǸˮԪԼġ
Ϊ̫ʱûйڲĴ
ԣȫǸԼ׼ģˮ֪ԼҪӺԣһеһУ׼ţ·ʱĴڡ
Ȼʲôʱһ˶֪ߺ׵ǣΪʲôҪԼѲԼΪͽ
ߺûж룬˳Ǹˮ̶֮£ĿǰǸͬһԲԴԴϵˮ̶֮е
ΣߺûżˮԪȡǴˮ̶棬ͬϵذһƽֻڵذ֮ϣһСԲ
ЩСԲԴԴϵѪԭһ֮У֮ˮмˮԪ֮ԴԴϵĳȥ
⾹ȻǸ󷨣Ҳӵ󷨣лŹ󷨣ҲǵǱˮԪƵɱ飬꽫޷õѡ
ãΪ󷨵ĴڣֻҪˣͻᱻĴݻ١
⵹һöߺӵһöģɢŽâĽ
ڸߺöʱ󷨶ֹͣסתˣˮԪҲԴԴϵˡ
ߺǿʼ¶һ˿΢Ц㼯ˮأǲأȻĻҾͲˡ
˵ţߺϸĹ۲Ȼһ⣬ָĽȻÿһöӵǿȡ
ЩϸȻö
ߺüͷֻסЩ󷨵λǲеİҪЩЩ֮кеˮγ󷨵Ĺؼ
ȻĻСҾЦЦˣñɳҪ˵ллߺһ˵ţһȻٵռЩ
һռһ˵һ߼󷨵İз
𿴵󷨣һ֪ԼʦֱʣΪ󷨾ˮѹ֮һˮ󷨡
ֻˮ󷨻ͬģǾϵĲͬ
ˮ󷨣һǧʮöʮɵģҲ۷õı
ЩǺķˮʮĹռģЩֻ𼶳̶ȶѣͲʲô
ȻռϢĳ̶Ҳǲͬģʮ죬ƷëˮȴܹһˮԪ


842 ڷѡ
λʮֵѼǣߺ㻨һʱĹ򣬲ſļסҴˮ̶Ū
漴ߺмǰƴˮԪ֮ء
ΣһСľҪɥĵطһʵǶһı֤
ߺһӣһ㺮ͽˮԪסˣߺץԼУٵˮȥһ·ϣǸߺĵطЩǧ鿪ʼƬƬ䡣
Щ֮Уһ˿˿ϸ˿ˮԪߺۼ뵽ߺеˮԪȥ뵽С
ˮ̶Ա߿ĺúõģˮ̶淢ʲô飬ͿüĿ֮һ˿ǵĿ׵ˮ̶
ȻҲ𣬶һǧ𣬵ˮЩɶˮˮԪɵİܹġ
Ҳ֪ԼܹܲƬʯ֣ҪͿڸߺһˣ۾ˮ̶֮С
ǸߺܹƵôԼһоͰȫˣǲȻĻԼΣˡ
ȻԼʵҲǳţǣϾˮԲõģԼʦͣʮġ
ߺˮ´˺ܳʱ䣬ѾʼˣǸߺ군ˣԼô죿ҸߺԼһ׸ҲǺڷ
ڷڱĵط˾Ĵڣߺһȣǿ˱˸Ȼӡ
ߺһָҲܹڵĺڷ𣬶һ㣬˶ǲά裬˵Ǻڷˡ
пʼʱˮ£ˮĵطЩǧ飬ʼƬ
ߺҲٵĳˮ棬ˮըһˮߺӰˮ˳Ÿߺ·뷢ˣͬˮһȥ
ߺĬĬת֮еˮȫ۳ɺ󻯳ɺ뵽ߺ֮С
ˮ̶֮еˮˮԪܴ˲֪꣬ѾԭˮˣƾߺڵΪ޷ùɵġ
ҲֻǸߺ֮ûڻմߵһ޷ɡ
ߺ֮ӵеֻмµĺıԶ˵ܵˮɺȴҲʲô
ţҪǰȥ˵ȴȻͣɵĿŸߺ
ߺҲ˶ԷĲԾոջʮֵĵĿԼڣȻֶԼǳĽ䱸
ô𣿡ߺ鲻˿ı仯˵
һƽһȵģеģˮԪ֮
һ㣬ߺֱϲ䣺ȷˮԪ֮ôȤ
ɫһ¾һô֮еħͷȥȰ㻹ǸϽңȻĻݹˣ
ߺûᣬЦһ棬ңҲðΣգˮԪȡģһ䣬Ҫжߣ㲻Լ̫𣿡
޹治棬ǹϵ⼸ĴսޣȰ㻹ǲҪôִԲֱˣǾݹֱ飡
ߺֻЦЦһеˮԪ֮ͱˣ˹ԼָҵҪ˵ⲻ׻ж಻
û˵תڷ𣺡ҲΪһԱѡģ
оԼߺʵӦ൱ôͳʤĹؼ
û뵽⿴ĺڷ𣬾ȻΪġ
ڷЦĻǲİһЦе˵м
ߺɫ䵭ĿһУûͬһ˵һƱĻΪҲ൱һɣһԺڷĿ顣
ڷȥѡ˱磬ߺҲƲͣԷ֮˺ڷ
ڷ˵м䣬ѾƵģǳŸߺƶһɫ䣬ǣڷƺ뵽ʲôѸٵջԼһţȥ
¶Цݣ׻֮ˣٹ̵˼޷ı䣬ΪˣΪꡣ
ǲΪǸٹ̵˼룬һܹӰ쵽ңȻǳΪӢۣȴԼү룿
ڷȻٺٵЦʲôİΣʲô絽׵õʲôһ˰̣Զ޷ʹЩ棬ԶֻЩ֮УȻսЩܵõʲô
ʮĿ࣬ڷѾܹˣ۸ߺǶħҲãʥҲգԼĶԴˣǱˣԴԼǶԴһһ㡣
ԶʹΪˮ֮һȻףһŵô׵ˣҾ徵飬ôῴõ
λıλҲ޷˼𣬱ʹϿС
ȻǺǿ󣬵ȱһֶǾʵԡ
ڷȻȻߺȥʹǰǵɽΣֻҪǸڣֻҪǸԼڣǰǵҲǿׯ
ߺȥҲԲüͷģʿΪֻ֪ҪߺˣǱʲô
ЩܹˣδΪ֮ǰţƣΪ֮ȻܶڱĿ־ǿ־
ײУ˿ɼ˶ڱѪһϵ׸ڳģǴΪ֮Ц
ΨиߺûпǰôģûпƷΣֻҪԺ󳹵׵Ĺ˳ΥǾ££ӿš
У㣬в㣬ǾҪڵĴۡ
źڷȻȻߺ𲻵ò˼Լʲôǣ絽ʲô
ߺһֱ鶼ûб仯ҲûκεĲֻȵڷߵԼǰߺɫ֮ɫԺڷԱ
үڷ뵽ԼЩķͷ
ߺĺڷļ򣺡ţЩˡ
˿ûԼԺڷη֮ģֻǸӵ
¶үΪүʵūţڷŵԣҲǰԼġ
ߺҡҡͷūţѾˣҪǣܹҲڵʱȷʩˣ£ūţ𣿡
һ̣ߺҲڷԼı󽻸˵
ǣˣˣڷЦţȴ仰Ѿȵ̫ˣˡ
ҲѪҲūү£һˡ
󣬺ڷԶʱ򣬺ڷȴ̾Ϣ˵ôһ仰
ĻߺҲˣ̾һĲ㣬ĹأңҪžһģҪЩ׵ĳȥ


843 
㲻սԶʹҲԶ޷Ȼͬߺ˵ǣںڷѡԾǸоˡ
ߺŭЦʹôñӣѲɣʦ˵ģʦһ쵰
˻һĺڷȻĿǰŭڵĸߺ
ˣŸߺŽŵԼʦ˭жֻʣȼյŭɡ
ߺԽԽ˳ˣӶҪɺˣʲôˮ𣿾һˮˣȥʦҪ˾ǰɣͷɶܸı䣬̵ģƤܹˣʦӦøˣӦýˮ𣬶Ӧýг𣬲ԣǲҪôӵĸ磬ǵˣ޳ܵˡ
ߺԽ˵ԽŽŵģһСåƵģƿڴڷĵ¡
ߺ͵ػͷӸʲôòΪӵ£Ͻһ׺أ
˵ţߺͷּ˴ҵĿڸˣĴ֮Ūһˮֱӹ˹ȫԼĿС
֮󣬲ŷЩԾǿҲˣԭոոߺ̫ˣȻˮԪŪˡ
ǰƴôһˮ򣬾ȻȫߺˮԼ֮С
ߺʱԼҲԺģȻ͸оԼͬŻһæԼ֮ˮȡ
۵ĵȻǱߺո֮еˮԪˣ棬ͳ׵ıˡ
ߺоˮԪأȻڽֳ֮ɴСȵݣڷˡ
ͷȻǸԼˣǺڷⳡս֮УȻûʲôҪλãϾ˼Ҳμ˲ǣ
ǣΪСһ仰øߺ׵ʧȥˡ
𲻹ʲô飬ǣԼһ£Ϊлһ¡
˵ʲôʹʹģĴ涼׵ˣ˼ħ֣˼һأҲ½š
ħ½ļϸ֣ʱ绹ڴŲݵţôܹøߺŭ
øߺ̫ŭˣžˣȻԺĽˮԪȥ
֪̣᲻Լأ
ڲԼʱŸߺ۶ˣܹγѪ
ʲô£ҲˣŽŵһû˵Ҳûå
ǣͬåһ˵ȴǼδδţҲǿ۽ˣ֪å˭Ҳסˡ
Ҫģ֮󣬻һνģǸˮһˡ
Ȼ֪ߺҪԼǹַʽռˮԪǺֲмһ˵ģ֮ƽƽˮȥˡ
֪ߺûǽˮԪƽˮһȥģȥ֮󣬲ŷеĲͬ
ߺƤһڰУĴ˫Ŵ¡
ʱҪһسӣҲѾˣΪߺˣѾ뵽εˡ
ء
һŽԱߵһشʯͷһ飬Ȼ߷ߵߵһԣĹĵĿŸߺҪ̻֮һ㡣
ɱˣ¸ߺѾ˲֪ٴˣϧǣܹɱˡ
˵ߺˮԪļ룬ߺˮԪϵķֽ⣬ڱ⣬Ȼٵ졣
ͨʱĻгôھŻˡ
ˮˮ⣬ʼͬˮũһԴԴϵŸߺ꣬ߺԱ뵽һ־硣
ˮԱˮãǱΪʲôأ

ߺΪʼѸٵҲʼٵģǧڣڣ󵽴˺ڣֱֱ󣬾Ȼﵽ۷塣
ˮµˮԪֱ̫ǿˣңߺҲʼоԱԱ֮֮ǿ
Ϊֹߺıڿʵһڿʼıչˡ
֮ǰߺĲƽصĻôڣߺʼһ̨׿ʼˡ
ԴӸߺˮԪ֮ܵľɫһӸıˣǸߺžͻ֣ᷢԭ֮ǰʯֻ֣ǷԲɶѡ
ˣȻʼնû߳ɵľ롣
ֽ˺ȻǲƵ󷨣ΨѣΪʯֹһԱ
ʱڸоǸʼնЦеʦΪ׶ǿ絽жˡ
ҲǣһֱôˣôôܳΪ˵ˣĳΪҲ֪ͱ˭ˡ
ʦֺöȻ˸ˣ´㣬һҪݺݵթһʣߡһ߲ϵ

գۼ䣬ʮȥˣߺԼ۾Ϊǧ𣬲һǧǳƽˡ
Ϣȴȫıˣ֮ǰˣ˵֮ǰߺһ겻ĺôڣ麮Ѿˡ
һԱϢڸߺ֮ͷųȥܷԲɣȻͬʱɺٵڡ
ٶȲ·ʱȥ˺ܾһȥâ
ɹˣĿŸߺǿǰƴˮԪȫգһǧҲǧǧˡ
ǣߺȴԾǧⲻòȡ
ߺһЦҳɹˣǾ͸ӭӿˣ
ڷߺ˵۾ʮ죬һֱڸߺԱߴǣߺɢĺȴûиӦ
˵ʲô˵ߺҪסӦ
ˣˣþԼȫȴʲôӦ
ߺصı飬֪ߺ˵ѣôˣԼûиӦǸߺȴôӦģ
һϵе
û룬һſЦӸߺķ
úúãΪɱֵܵˣȻӣȻң˵ţһ͸ĳǹȻԶգۼ˸ߺǰ
ǹŰ˺һУǹĴ͸
ߺЦЦ˵ˣǹһңǹǾĴ
˵ţߺתһĺӸߺбͷųǣŸߺǰǹ⣬Լȴٵĺˡ
˺֮ǹȻͱߺôжȥˣߺһӶԼֱۣǳǹԱʱѸݵٶȣطȥ
͸ĳǹϣﲻĺԭĴ͸ȻҲǹϸߺıȻһǹֻǿ


844 Լ
ߺΪڿ˵Ѿһˣˮǿ
Ȼߺϵʵȥֻǧ۷ΪֱսʹͨİǧҲҪޡ
ԷȻǰǧ𣬳һԶҲԲֿԽս
𣬾ѾеˣҪ̶ֳϵȺ֮ӱѶ֮
۷壬һǿĴڣֻҪΪ𣬾Ϳ˼䡣
ΪǾҪƬ磬ǾҪ֮ϣѾˡ
δ磬ܹΪǿԳǿڣֻǿϧ˽粻ܹΡ
ңδ磬֮ϣ߸ǴһĴڣǾ죬ۼ֮أе֮е𣬳ɾ֮󣬶ȥ졣
ֻϧǣ˽ȥȴû˳طʮֵأߺҲҪʶһ£νֻ֮صصĴڡ

͸ĳǹѸײڶ֮ƿٵȥǹͫһһǹôýġ
вԼǹԼǹȻԷıӹˣԼոȥһǹһࡣ
ǹȻԶﴫǱϾԼʵҲֵģսҲǸߺɱȵġ
ԼĳǹԼȻʱ𶯣漴侲Լָ͵ǰȥ
ȫӿĿԽռ䴩͸ǹʼ֮пʼ۳󻯳һ˳ǹԼ͸ĳǹһ޶
ơ
ǹ߶ǹɵǹȻôռ˺ˣһɿ񱩵Ĵ͸һ֣ٵųǹǰȥ
䡭
䣬ռ䶼һ£˳ǹײһâĴ̱ǿһӡ
ҿһĿռʮֵȹ̣Լʮ࣬ǿҲǺʮҡ
͸ǹϵĺǹٵĹǹγɵǹ⣬ǹγɵǹȻ͸ǹǿǹͬ𣬵͸ĳǹȴɱԭеٶȣǹȥ
ֻûܣǹǾγɲʲôвģһеǽԷıٶȻȥ
Աߵһߺܼңò˸ҲǺõİҵſǿǱ֮еľΪõġ
Ǹߺûʲôʹ·ǸǹֻһͨĹһ
ǹһ־ͽԼǹץУŸߺ˹֣л㽫ңһӢۣɱֵ֮ұҪ
ߺȻʧЦӢۣԭӢۣ
СһԼǣԷǱϸŻߺӢۣСԵ˾һħǵеһӣҲԲŹøϣȻãԷȻ˵ߺӢۡ
½֮˼Ҿˣȫˡ
ǵʱЩһԸߺЩв˵֮ȶߺŪˣӢۣ
ߺȷĽԷֻҪﾡöѣողֱûõƷԷͰ͵ߺһ£ֱǶԲԼ
ߺԷһӢۿƮƮȻ˵ͷЦŵԣӢۣٺ٣ǴӢۣΪ˽ǧŮĴӢۡ
ǹȻоԼɵһŶԷϵЦҲϵĿ佱ԼЦݣ޲øԼݺݵһӡ
û£Ӣ۰ں˰ɣǷˡ
ӣӢ̵һǹǹҵǹ׼ߺһĵĿŶԷǹ𣬹˹Լָ޳ܵ˵
Աɫһ죺һåԭôûȻô޳أ
ͬĺߺ޳ܵĻǱߵǹǹɺˣԼԷǿˣԷ޳ܵĳˣҪǣӢˣôԼ˵ı־ôأ
ߺһһɺڸߺпʼٵĳ֣Ȼڸߺ۳һ˺ǹ
ʽСǹеһ޶Ҳ͸ģǹֵܡ
ұǹǹʵҪ֪һ֮ĶԾԼϰߵĴ
ǹȻǹˣߺһ۾ͿԿһλʹñľǿߡ
ԷȴʹԼϤǹԼսǶԷôģ᲻ֻԻԼأȻǹϱأ
Էô˵ҲֻһǧѣԼǰǧǿȶԷ߳ȼ
ҪСȼͨĻһȼĲ࣬Ǿ൱صĲࡣ
һǧǧǰû뷴ʱʸûУͻᱻһˡ
ǹвϵľԼһǸոնԷһָԼ̫ˣԷô˵Ҳһǧѡ
뵽⣬ǹ΢΢ȶˣ˵ҾǡӢۣһУһ֮Ҿͻ᲻Ľɱ
Ӣ۶ʵڲԸڸߺˣһ˵ҪԼոҪնղˡ
ڷǳ˳飬ԼүʲôʱˣǵøոգһֱģӣҲ
ǣһƦӵӵôһ£
ʵǲ֪ߺڵıˣԭȻ˵ΪԽԽߣԸӰԽԽСˡ
ǣʼջӰģϾǿǿı˵ӰԸǾƲܵġ
ոոߺıˮˮգԸȻԭ˸ߺԸ
Сʱڸ߼ܵһ˿Թ֮Ҳʧһɶ
Ȼ˵ڸߺΪǿǸʱ޷ȣʹһֱڸߺУǳ˷չȥһγǿħʱߺԼûа취ȥ
˵ΪϾħĴڱΪ˻ߵıġ
ڷҲΪЩΪ֮ǰħݸߺΪүģ֪ǳȥʼҲһ˽Լ˿
ʱ˵ǳΪˣǳɾʱҲͽʱ
ҲϧݣݸߺΪҪԭҲΪħ
ħ̫ǿˣѹʮħһǾԼԳܵġ
ȳУΪӢۣһ°ɣߺƵ˵
ǹ˼һ£˵ɣһԼˣͽϵңˡ
ߺһЦɫһͬ˵ˣͽ°ɣ


845 ֮Ϊ
ʲôҪ˵ǹͫһ˵ʵû뵽˵Ļô󣬾ȻҪԼ˵
ߺ˲ָֻӣգգԼ۾˵ôӢۻɣΪǺð
ǹ֮󣬽˽еĳǹ޵ֱ˻
밡ӢۣôܹôӢеģҲӢۣʱֻҪȾˣӢˣٰ
ߺԽ˵ԽԼ˵Ȼֱ׳ˣԼǳȫ˶˵ӢۣԼš
ɶ񣬴磬һǹǹԱߵǹҧأ޺޵˵
ǹĵĿ˿ԼԱǿǹ𣺡ɱɱɱҲͲҹˣͲԷˣߣѣ
ԼĴô˵ǹһ˿صĺܺã̵ͷĵ˵ǣǹΨһ˿ɵУֵǲҲ
ǹһãҾһ֣һֶʤΣ
ߺ¶һ˿޳ܵЦݣ˴Լ֣Ȳ˵ððǱӢۡ
ߺû˵أͱϣ˵вУ򲻴򰡣㵽ӲӶģû֮߳ģ
Լͷߺûһ֮ɫЦлллл佱
ǹоԼԼ඼Ҫˣ̫޳ˣ̫ûƤûˣ֪ԷôһɲҲԲԸһˡ
ֻϧһжˣѾˣֽ׶ε˵ԻǱȽҪġ
˸ߺҪ̭˵ǹʵܲˣеĳǹһ졣
һǹ췢δ
˵ţǹ߸ͷϵͷͷ˲ѣÿһͬǹһֱ񷡣
ߺΪԷһֻʽԲû⣬û뵽ԷȻǿǹŸߺ𵴶
һпûãȻʮǿĹطһֱָߺꡣ
ǹͬԶ۶ϵԶһۣһҵܹƲǹӿռ䣬ֱߺĻ꺣֮УŸߺĻ꺣
ߺ֮һʹоʹ֮ܵһ
ƣߺʵܲˣ͵һȣ֮Уıʼ˷죬ٵĽǵ
ȻԼ֮⣬͵ߺҪٴηʱ򣬶Էȴûиߺᣬٵһǹٵ£Ѹٵĳ̶ȣߺûзӦ
仮
ǹ䣬͸ǹ⾹Ȼڿлһҫ۵ĹâϳβͣȻͬһ
ǹ⾭Ŀռ䣬ٵĳһֱߣȻ飬һǹֱǿһĵزˡ
ߺһתٵĽеĳǹԷһǹȥűںǹϱ
ǹոսӴһ˲䣬һǿĲͿʼɢȥܵһжⲨ֮УΪ˷ĩ
ߺ΢΢̣һûʹʲôҲûʹû
ʹõֻͨııԲûнһǹˣǸߺĻ˲ѣѪֹ
ߺҲͱɵٲ֮ԶϺ۴ӵһֱ쵽ߺĽ¡
ߺӦʱ򣬲ŷ֣Լǹˣͬ˺ˣ뾹ȻԼһ޶
ǾǹԲٲľ룬ڷԲٲ֮ڣȻʲôˡ
ߺһιص㣬˿Լؿڣһǹ쳣ĿѪ£ֹֹס
⻹ǸߺıԷһǹˣҵֵĲĽȻĻ˵ڵĸߺѾһΪˡ
ȻǶԷȫԳԼʱ򣬽ԼһĻʱٲҲˡ
ȥղꣿ
ǹ嶸ȻˣڿвϵתԼķ򣬳ǹǰߺϵĴһ˲䣬ǹӰߺֱ
ңԷһ֮УȻ̺˿ռûеߺǰڸߺĺ棬ͳһ㺮â
ߺһˣ
һ࣬˿ûκεĸı䣬ǰȥܵĺâߺͲУֻһһɺͽܵĿռȫӡˡ
ЩâȻҲƲܵĿռˣܵĿռһ˲ӹ
ԭǹҪƿռ䣬ֱˮһ򵥣ڣҪƿǾ͵ǰŵһֻʮصĻ𼦡
ʹٶҲҪһڿڵĳ԰Ҳ˵ҪƿռҲһƳʱƿʱ򣬸ߺѾǰˣһ嶼ûˡ
䡭
Ĵ˲ߺĻҲԲǳصģȻԵǹȫˣߺôԼƣס˶Էһǹ
ǹҪһ򲻿ܵģߺУһ㺮âĻԴԴǹеȫ
ôİԵûһвɻģֻߺڶڻ򻹲ڵĸߺǾǧôǰǹҪڻ֮ȫĻ
ɨҶݣ
ǹɫû˿ĸı䣬еǹȻתһǿĴ͸͸ӵǿˡ
Էһ仰ߺٺ˵ģֻԷٶҲ̫һ㣬ȻôߺһѪ
Ӹߺдһ˿Ѫ͸ĳǹ⾹Ȼ˿˵Ÿߺͷٵȥ
ߡǹʩչ˰ɣôʩչˣߺ˵
ֻһ仰ߺѪĵطǳǹٵĿʼһѪȻֹס˶Էǹơ
ߺɫ䵽һĵزĽԼƴӳǹϳ˳Ѫⷭߺֿʼָ
ǣմȾһ˿ǹȻôָָˡ
ߡֻ֣Լģߺоʹһ㣬ݺݵһ󣬻ͽǹȥˡ
õĿǹһ߻ָţһ߽Լеĺǹľֱһǹ췢δ
ȻǹֻͬͬǣǹһܹһеĺϢС
һжԸߺûãǶǹȴãǹǲںǣܹһеıȻҲ뵽ߺĻ꺣֮С
ǻǹһ龹ȻɲǼһ˿㱡
仮
ȥղꣿ
ɨҶݣ
һһĶǹȫͬΨһͬǣ溬ǿĻ
ֻһ㣬ĴǹӦϾС
һǹ弸ҪָƵʱ򣬸ߺһǹĿռ䶼ͬʱѣǹ˲ǹ
һеʱ򣬶ԷѾ֮зӦˣæԼǹסԷǹ⣬ǸߺĳǹһתԷĳǹ˲ɡ
ȻһǹƵǹ꣬ҿʼڶԷĻ꺣֮ŰԷ׵ıˡ
ôǹңҵʽ


846 Ӱ
ǹĻû˵꣬ˣȻΪԼֵܱ𣬵ҪԭΪ
û뵽Լȴ˲˼һĻԼõԷ˿ȫʹ˳жǹټ϶ԷĻ벻
ŪһʱǹȻʹ䣬һǧ𣬾ȻֵĻᶼûУԼǹ֮£ⲻò˵һ̡
ҪǣߺԼ۳ĳǹӵбȿȰƷӲȣв˼ǿ󹥻
ӲǲģǿĻǻġ
Ҳ˵øߺı۳ıвϢӲҲﵽ˰Ʒĳ̶ȡ
ֻߺ۳ıǳܲסǱĺ治ʹá

ڸߺһɱ˵ʱ򣬺ǹȻһǹ֣ץԷʬ壬ʧڸߺǰǹǸ͸ǹ
ߺһץ㽫Ǹ͸ǹץ˹ԶԶĿǹû׷˫΢Уոմǹϸܵ˲˼
ԼȥĻ˵˶ԷĵȻߺڵʵɱǧ𣬵ոߵ˲䣬ߺܵһΣյϢ
Ϊʲô׷ȥߺһĲҪ֪ɱв紵
ߺһۣٺ٣ֲŮ׷ʲôָһȼյҪȻɣȼյ£׷ô
ԭߺô棬ԭΪߺҪ˵ʲôҪأҲһŸߺĽͣʮֵ档
û뵽ߺôһ䣬Ūľ۾˶ˣԽеתˣֻǴĿŸߺڱֿڡ
٣˭ĸмȼյ£ֲš
Ǹߺһ˵໰û뵽ԼֻССĵϷһ£յô벻Ľ
ԲԲӵģ˼׻˵Ī׷ôأ㲻Ҳױ˼˵ǻеģ
ߺ˳Ȼ˳ŶԷ˼ţ˼ҿ˵ֲţֱӽǸʡˡ
Ūһ߷ߵһ䣺å漴ߺ׷ɱǹͱڲײĹȥˡ
ڷҲûɵȥʸߺĵزΪ֪ߺȻɣԼֻҪӸߺѡͿˡ
ߺһĵЦݣƨƨߵĺ棬Լеǹ˼ȥˡ
ߺŤ˵۾˼Ұɣ˼һ飬ԼҪͽöԷǹ
Ҳû취鰡˭Լһ½սƷȫȡأˮԪ˵սƷ
ʱ˻Ͱ͵ķأ˵ŪսƷķ֣ԼˣֱӾ͵ˮȥˡ
ȻսƷǸߺ࣬Ǹߺǿ󣬵ô˵ˮԪҲ˼ҵʦˮµİ
Ҳֻ֪ߺôг⣬ǹô˵ҲǰƷֻҪԼŽ֮ˣԼô˵ҲӦõ˽׵ʱɡ
ʱ򣬾ͨǧ𶼲ԼĶ֣Ҳǲˡ
ðɣҰɣڸߺЦ˼κЩɶˡ
ոմӸߺнӹǹߺԼĨһ¶ͷĺˮڽͳȥˣӽԺҵˣľҵģҵġҵģ
ǹֱû뵽ߺôһ䣬ٽǹͻظߺߺүһˡ
Դǵ˵ͳȥĶôջأ㵱Ҹߺַ޳С˵ǶǶ͸ͳȥĶƵģ˵ȥĻԲջأ
ǳױ߰ص޳ܻˣݺô꣬ļô޳ܵ˰
ڷԱֲңԼϣͨ죬һֵĺд
ΣյڷȥڷһͻεЦЦȻ
治
ǰǰֱư紵ɢоԼ۾һ˺ܶأ
ڷȻԼ˵ˣɼȳʲôˡ
ֻڵһ㣬Ϳϣأٿʮ׸߿֮ϵǲˮûɢȥ
޺޵ĽԼż˳ǹ뵽УǹǸߺƵġ

ߺεĴ򶷣ĲԼڱĲͬڸߺıȻԶ˵Ĵͷų
ֻڸߺıΪ̫ˣԷԼ֮дڵʱ䲢̫ʱͻɢһɶ
ǣֻҪóͻȶԷҪǿᣬϾߺĻ벻Ҳġ
ߺıöԷĴҲһޣ˵ҲܹһЩͨǧĴ
߹ǧĴߺ޷յģʹˣҲߺ˺˵ֱӸߺصˡ
˽Լ֮еߺվڸߺ֮еı˵ӵˮģһӵл벻ԡ
ԣκһַŵ磬˷ȴһ˵ϡ
ߺĲٴ໥ӳʼһЩйڱǿͬСϪһ㣬ϵĽŸߺꡣ
ǱߵҲǰһʯţ˸ŹӵĹ⻪ߺĿⶼ˹ȥ
֮УдĺۼԶԷʯŲܹϵ
ߺΪҲԷʯŵʲôɵģձ֮еĴѾˣˡ
ܹôıȷͦ𺳵ģҲֻˮĴ߲ǿıˡ
ȻҪףҪʱڣȻ㣬ֻȱһ˿Ϣ
ߺ֪Էŵֱܹܲմ
ߺıȴǿֱȻ۳ı˭ܹʹõģȴĵȷȷǱ
ߺֱ۳һĳͶ˶Է֮С

ǹǹʬ壬һʱǰȻһɫħӰǹס
ǹ屻˰ԶոҪˣ̧ͷǸӰ֮סˣΨΨŵŵվǰˣҰļƻʬˣܹԷΪ𣿡
ħӰһЦһը𣺡˵Ļʲô㣬Ǽһıôǿ𣿡
ǹͷսĹ̶˵˳ûһ˿һ©


847 ħӰ
ţĲѡΣ˵̫ˣ㵹ǲݶϲڽΪȫӵϣɱǸһħӰٺЦ
ǹȻ֣ħӰǿ֪ģΪˣԼŵ˾ȶ磬ԼǶԷһ֮С
ԷһָͽԼشЩʱ䣬ʵħӰˣȻħӰķԸ
ֻħӰӰȥ٣ǹ֪ԷһһǿߣҪȻĻҲӵʵ
ڣԼԷеʲô֪ԷֻԼ񱩵ͽ˻ˣҲֻ߲ӵôǿ
ǾԲģɱˣһͿ԰쵽һͿɱ˶ԷԼʲôôܼأ
ǹҲֻп߿ţԼֿ־ˮǿʵֻԼ֡
Ȼǿ󣬵Ƕ˵ôҪС
ҪǴԴһССſԱģҲˮԼͽܵġ
Ҫ֪ſʹõʧȥϬĹҲԼڷŸǿ󣬿ֱմʹõ˵ơ
Ȼյĳ̶Ҳ޵ģڵţֻܹհƷҪǾżǾ̻ű˵ųѺۡ
ҪľǹŲܵ׻᲻ܵˮĳͷʹܵԼҲҪɱ˸ߺ
ֻҪǵĵɲʯǾͿԴͨͨʱããˮҲôҵԼ
ǸħӰֻӶԼֱۣǹȻһͬһڿռζ뵽ǹ֮С
ǹȻĶΪʼڽȻٵͻǧ𣬳Ϊǧ
ȻڳǧﵽǧǹΪҲһ
ǸǿħӰ̾һֵĹأǲǵĴ罻ǵģ
Ǵոﵽ漶ʱóĹ˵սʱܹศɣսȻԾһֱȥˣ
˵⣬ԼݺԼ磬ǽԼΪˣɾԼ
о˼ǸħӰ䵽һ£ʵ
֪ĸ籾ʹ㽫ֵܶ˵Ƕ¯еһĵزͽǵΪȫɵ뷨ܴ󣬾ǵڳΪʱ򣬽ǵ֮е
һٳΪߣĿԺΪ飬ɵΪҲûʲô
ĹǸԵĹǹǸ͵в룬ǲԶ޷ĸ磬ﶼûУ
ǹϸ룬ȷˣԴԼԼǲҶԼľκεĻɣֱһΣħӰջԼ
ڴ֮ǰǶԴΪ٣ϾǵĴ罫ԼĹڸԼˣÿζǲǰӵİԼ硣
ˮȫһǧĸڱ֧š
ħӰһЦʲôֵǵĴֻѪϵֲʵֹһּ߹
֮УֹĴڣֹֻʵ̫ԵѪǹǸһǹ壡
ˣʱ˻ūԣȴܹɵԹߵȫ
Ĵ磬ôˣڵõⲿʱԼ壬Ҳ׿Խ㽻Ǹʱ򣬿Ҳ˼̤ϸһĵʯҲֻһεҩѣ
ʲôǹĿԲӱǿ֮ûԴ͸ǿ£󶴳ڵ档
ԭεҩѣôĹģôֵ꣬ԭվһΣ̡
ǹ֣쳹أû˻ȥģû˻ȥοǸħӰҲֻǲסЦѡ
㵽׿ûУҲһ֮ѣҪɾԼΪҵĻһʼͲ磬ֻǽʬ׾ȳأֻʲߡ
ǹûΣ֪Լġ
ԼֻԼȥҪΪѣΪԼĶ籨
С󣬶Լĸ籣Լ磬ÿԼܻԼԼһسӡ
ǵһΣԼ彻ңԼץʱ֪󣬻ðɣץǹ뼸ңһ
Ūˣ㲻ζ󻹱Լĸ״ʮ壬ҷꡣ
ţԼĴ𣿻ԼǸСάԼĴϧҲҪάԼ
ΪʲôأѲĻǣ
ǺǣҾ͸ȥǸСһ˵ȫĻôͿΪЧǼٵģҲٻȥˣ
ǸħӰһָǹ֮ڴһϢǹɫһ棬ԭأȻʼͻǧ
ǹһԵһĻԵֻҪסô߶ٻ¡
磬ҲǳȫСˣһΪ㱨ɱ˸ߺѩޣ㲻Ҳܲ壡ǹǵԼ꺣֮תʹ͸оһ㡣
ʲôʲôǣʲôҪ飬ӽұ飬ǹǹǹ飬ɨ磬Ϊ꣡
ֻϧǸħӰûпǹڸǹǿǹĸıĻһô׾ͷŹǹ
ǹָֻԭӣûиոյĸı䣬ҲһΪǹûиı䣬ֻǹ֪ӽǹѾȥˣΨ顣
ߺڴȻһ۾ֻǰһħӰһСֻ֮͸ħԡ
˭ߺӶûվֻǵʵ
ħӰû˵̽־ߺץߺһһץȻøߺһֱ޿ɱܵ뷨
ȻܲǾӲߺһᣬԼ֣۳벻ٵԷײȥ
䡭
ߺٵȥԷֻҲǱֻ꣬ԷһϵĺȻˮֻһѡ
ңߺȻ֣ԼıܹܶԷĴҲ˵ûа취öԷĴйˡ
ҲпܣǶԷûôֻԼǿΪ


848 鵽
ߺȻ̧ͷĿǰǸħӰǰ߻ǺߣڵĸߺӦԵģ˵ԷһоͿߺ
㵽ʲôˣߺڷǾĿǰǸħӰ˵
նԷı£ҪɱԼˣͲȺķѾ飬ֻҪһָͷԼɥ֮ˡ
û뵽ǸħӰֻЦһúúãΪ֪ǿˣһῴɳȥģֱɳһ죡
˵֮ħӰȻôһתӰԭʧһɶ·紵ɳ𣬺˴ûһ
ߺ֪˲ûһռѾ¯࣬ѾӽˣԲԼְӿȵġ
ˣ֪ǺǻΪԷĻϾû˵ֻ꣬˵ĻӦöԼᱧʲôõ뷨ߺ̾һֿʼ붨
ȻԷô˵ôԼǰ·ȷǿǣ˵Է᲼ļ̽Լ
˵̽ԼеĻҲɥڴˣҪһ㣬ҲǸߺһ㡣
ԼѾˣȻֱӵĸо׸ĸоĺܲãߺԴӳɳָоˡ
ħӰһͷǣںҹ֮аĿԼ˵ʲôʱ򣬾ͻ׼Լһһ
ɶ񡭡붨֮ǰһ̣ߺ޵Ҳ붨֮ǰ˵һ仰

ħӰոʧѾ˸ߴ֮ϣˮȻû˿Ӱ죬ˮͬ޵һ㣬֮Ӵ˼ɢ
ߺ߲Ȼͬ˵Ҫúģ³ҵֻϧ
˵⣬ħӰʼı䵭ȫԭʧͣĵطˮʼվþòҿ·һǵطͻɢһ㡣
ǹѾǧĳ̶ˣһϵš
ֻǹ֮ǰֻǵĴ͸ǿһ޾ĿϢ·ܹһжѹסһжݻ١
ֵ꣬ĸ壬壬壬̰һеһУҪȫĴݻ١
Ȼ䣬ǹˣһ˷ĿϢȫ뵽֮УԼ۾
֮һ˿嶼ûУһ˿ûУֻƽƽĿ¡
ħӰһǹǰǹ֮Լüͷĵ׵ĸоħӰǰѾһЩ仯ǵʲô仯Ҳ㲻
֪һ¾ˣûУԷҲֻ϶ѣûȥʲôı䣬ʲô顣
ڿʼҪǸСһ鷳ʼƻһжȴҪôɱҪɱҲٵȶԷΪʱſԣ
ħӰ·ûпǹı飬˵֮û˿ĸɫ
ǣ˵˺ܳʱˣȴûǹĻػħӰһʱͬը졣
ǹƺһߣѾܵˣȻ飬ҿѾﵽ˾ǧԲѾǿᵽһĵزˡ
ֻǽԪתȦѾƻָˣֻɫûʲôı䡣
ıʲôأѾ˺üǧˣĸҲѾ˫Ψһ˸ߺ֮֡
ԼĴȻ˵Ƕ¯ǱϾ˵Ĵ磬ҲѾ˸ߺˡ
ǰֵˣȻδ˸ʲô飬ɺܰڣȴԶʧˣԶʧԼĳ
ǰԼصֵ֮飬ȴôĿЦԼļûˣڵǱʲôûˡ
ڵȴĺ޸ߺҪߺɱǸʱͻˣ޶ûеˣǼƣľ顣
ɲԼǼƣֻľˣûһ˿Ĵڡ
á֪ˣ޸ɫʵ𣬺ȫ˶ûһ˿һĹϵ
ħӰͬղһʧˣǸħӰʧ֮ǹȴһ˿ľ֮ɫ
ҪҷŹôأһ飬޺ޣ飬ҵˣ
˵ţǹӰһٵߺķȥƿռ䣬ವƿͬס

ߺ˹ߺڽ˾Ʒ𼶱ɾƷ𼶱ˣսҲܶࡣ
ڷһֱߺ˰ѷ磬һΪ֪һһղգΪ͵Ķǧ
ߵаǧȻиߺڣЩǧȴԶǶˣǣСһЩΪãϾڵĸߺѾ붨ˡ
үˣǿ޼ɵѰŵµıˣڷ˵˵
ߺһһСԼǰ
СʵһԼʵһطʼղǰ취ǿʼնǴĥ֮߳ģЩֻͷֻȻڡ
ڵСֻƴСѩףһСԴҡһΣʮֵĿɰ
ˣ˵һ£۲ǾǿߣǾǿްС˸ߺĻ뵽ĵǸߺ˵Ļͷ
ߺоС˵ĺţܸоЩЩԾǰߺԸ񱻱Ǳ֮Ӱ죬оʲô
ڵĸߺѾָԭıˣȻܹеĲԾǾǡ
һ£С˵ˣʲô۾ǿޣ˺òãʲôʱ滮һȥˣߺʶ⻰еﲡˣ˵
ߺ仰ոճڣС󾪺Ŀ˸ߺһۣӡ֮УߺжɣΪС¶˵ôĻֻᶯ֡
ߺûгвȻ
ˣˣСһɫл˵˸ߺ֮ǰΪǺܸߵʱ
ʱĸߺڵĸߺư
ߺСûм೤ʱ䣬бһǿ͸Ŀռ䣬·֮һ
ٶ֮죬ȻߺûзӦ˫ȭգݺݵǰȥֲֻΪһ޴Բ̣ǰٵķȥ
䡭
ǵ̺ǿǹǹߺֱϣҵײһ𣬸ߺĻһɲǼͽԷǹ
Ȼ˲䰮飬ǹɣǳϵγһĺ
ȻǹǷǳǿ󣬲ҽǱ͸ǣڸߺıѾǵ°ˣڲ£ȻԾɼһ
ǣߺоȴݺӣڱֿڣԲ꣬һµİɣǹǿ߾ȻͬĸСһһûǰɣһǹȻǹȻǹȻһǹǼˣǸʮ˴ŮԷϵˣ


849 С֮
ߺϵĿڱֻСԱ߿ĿɿڴǻԭˣѹǱһ˰ɱ˲գ۵Ķħһ޳Ʀӡ
תٶҲ̫һɣڶ֮ǰԷһأתһåˡ
˵ʵǰǲװģ٣װĵͦ崿ġСԱЦ
ߺת崿ðޣ崿ҲǵͷȮ崿иƨðҸ㣬Ǹڹ˵ӣ

ߺ˵ʱѾĵĲˡ
ֻǹûȫڸߺıǹ໥ײ֮ǹŸߺٵӿնȥ
ߺ˫һȭΪƣص˫زصǹֵԼ֮⡣
˫ۣĸһǹ漴ߺٿ쵽һ£˦һ޾ǹ
ոԼǹȻһ޶ֻĴ͸˺ܶ࣬һݾζ
ڽӴǹһ˲䣬ߺһݣԷĵʵ̫ˣȻһ˿嶼ûУеֻǾĻ𣬲κĹ
ң̺ǹҲԲǰǧȵģҲ˵һǳǿľǧ
ǧʲô˵֮µ۷ˣͨȡ
˵ѾʼתˣѾܹˡ
Ȼ֮ȴǰ벽ߣѾķ֮ڡ
˵ǧ֮У۷ĳƺˣҲ̤һ۷ˡ
ߡԸߺȥǹҲֻһһû˿ĸɫʣһľͷһͲʲô顣
ڸߺӳǵǹʱǰеӰѾ˳ǹ𣬷·޾Ŀռ˳ġ
˵Ѿƽ˼£ǺǹֻԼָһߵǹâʹָбȥ
䡭
ֻһͽߺǵǹ䣬ǹҲɢˡ
ʼǹĽŲûӳһһֱôƽ߶ûһ˿ҡ
Ĵؿʼѣߵײನ̫ǿˣһ˿˿ͬ֩һƳڴ֮ϣܲ
ǹ𣿡ߺ֮󣬲˵û뵽˾Ȼǹ
Ҫ˵ȻǺ˽⣬Ҳˣ棬һԼڶεǹΣԼŪˡ
ԭԷŪʬ壬ߺҲûж⣬ԷȥĳһطޣȻȴһɳʱ
û뵽Էھ͹ˣҸһ¸ոյԷ֮ϵϢߺԿ϶ոǸǧ
Ƿʲôһǿĸı䣬ΪǴȻﵽ˾ǧĵز
ղŵʱ򣬶ԷҲǧô˵ǼĹ򣬶ԷȻԼΪ㡣
ɲͨȼ㣬ÿһ㣬ɾ൱صĲడ
ѲɶԷҲʲôɣǣʹʲôҲӦô찡ߺ侲뵽
Ȼ뵽ǸصħӰԷǿԼо𺳣Է˵Ļ
ʶǸħӰǣǸħӰʲôߺ˵
û뵽ǹͲ˵ڸߺǰһվôĿŸߺûһ˿
漴Լ˳Ҵǹ
ߺɫ棬Է仰һ±ˣʲôҪǹ𣿡
ڵǹ𱾾飬ߺʻȷĵ˵ͷҾҪҴǹҾóȻһϵģ
ʵǹ𲢲ҪڵΪǾǧ𣬶еɫǹȴֻǧ𼶱
ͲȫӳԼʵǸ˳ǹڵĻһһɡ
ҪСһɣʹֻʣһɵľǧͨİǧҲǾԿԾɱĿܡ
ңڵǹͲʲôֻͨǾǧڣʹͨľǧҲĶ֡
⻹ûĳ̶ȣлкޣڸߺĺޡ
ܹߺΨһĺ޵ҲĻôӴǹͳΪˡ
ʱ𣬶ҪɵһǹҲõ˼
ʱ˵ܹһٳΪ𣬵ʱͳɹΪ֮ĵһˡ
˵ħӰҲߣԼΪ֮󣬶ԷʲôܹвԼأ
뵽ǹҲû뵽ȴĸߺĹЦ
ԭҪǹҪ˵ѲɣǹˣǲˣҪǹҪ˭
ߺһߵЦŶԷһ߶ǹüŪۣŪǹļһȻҲɫǲסĳ鶯
һʲôĻ֪Լ˵Ĳ˼ԷȻôŤԼ˵˼һôһ˵
ˣǹŭ˫ĲΡΡסĶеɫǹȻһ֮£һӡ
ߺڼˣʵǿħһһһĻʱ򣬸ߺһ˫΢УѾ֪˶ԷҪ͸ǹˡ
ȱһ˿õıڵıΪ˵̫ˣ˵ˣԼһգƻͳܲסԼ
˵ߺѾԷı𣬾ûнҲԲģǸʵԾĹߺôأ
ɶ񣬲ͲɣǹҲǱߺ֪ԼҪҪԼıѾǲˣǾΨһս
ûȸߺӦһĨߺߺȻûпǹĶ
ǹڴ̳һǹʱƺ˵ƺҲҴӽ飬ǹǹǹ飬ɨ磬Ϊ꣡
ÿ˵һ䣬Էͺһ֣ٶҲһ֣ߺܣʩչĿжҲ
ԷƣۣȳһʮֵĶÿһζǸߺҪλãÿһǹܸߺˡ
һǹߺͷ­ߺæһţǹһǹûȸߺӦأԷǹ˳ȥ
طȻǸߺʹǸߺһܻǼʹΪǿҲһ˲ʧ
ߺյΣÿһǹӽߺߣӦĻᶼûУڼʱʱ̶̿ҪɥڶԷǹ¡
ǣԷʮֵᣬߺȻҲᷴȥߺûɱҲˡ
ˡСŭһߴɣݺݵͷȥʱڷŷӦ
ǹ֮һһǹƸߺ˹ȥ漴תһǹǹ磬ֱСüġ
СӦûзӦߵĲɲһ˿һһǧһѾǾǧˡ


850 ŭǧ
ߺֻо֮һƬྲ·ʲôûǣߺĸоԼһֹ̾ͣˡ
Смͷ­Ǽһͷ˵ͷˣָĿܣмǸͷǻ꺣ڣʶ֮ͷҪƣǾ֮ǡ
ڸߺУǸɫĳǹһɫ磬Сͷ­˿˿Ѫ
ߺ˶סˣ忪ʼסĲߺҪƶƲסˮ˳ԼսĻȥ
СС󡭡ôᣬӦЦ磬ģôܾȥأȥԼȥأ
ߺѾʼˣ·̫Ĳţ̫ıй
ôʹأΪʲôҾʹΪʲôΪʲôߺγףռ䶼ʼסĶ
ڵĸߺѾӽѾںεأԼݡ
˵Сߺĸ飬ֻ֪ԴӸߺո𲽵ʱСͿʼڵĸߺˡ
СϣĵһҲǸߺƿǶȻǳģӸߺΪԼˡ
ͬղţ֪УȥΨѣڣΪôߺԻ
ߺҲǣȻߺһֱûбʾʲôΪߺΪбԵʣᡣ
ҪʱСȴѾ
ͬģߺҲСΪˣСԼһ·ɳ˵ߺǿС󳤴ġ
ߺȻеǱеȴҲģŲµľԼļֵѡ
СѾ׼ŭ˸ߺ˵ߺԼѪԵȺӸߺûԿų
ǣСȴԼԿųġ
ߺ˫Ŀ죬վܵĿһ࣬ռҲ˸ӵˡ
֮пʼƮƮѩһԼ֣һƬѩ䵽֮ϡ
ѩûѸٵڻϸӵᣬʼָ
һͽָĶٵ飬ɢһء
ֻûջأһ̣ȴˣΪѩȻʼı仯ˣһȾѩףѪɫ
ͬѪһɺ죬޾ĻϢֻһƬԾģڱյѪɫѩȻиеһ˿ֲ
ߺһɫΨп񱩵ѪɫѣֻϧѪɫʱȴôţͬڸߺһȻŵ˸е־塣
ڸߺеˮʼѪᣬӸߺϿʼ䣬ߺϵʱ򣬾Ȼһɫı
Щ䵽ϣγصĺɫðܿʼֻǺɫıȫɺɫı㡣
Ӵ֮󣬳Ѫԭһٶ챦һֿΪıֻܹ򿪣ҪǺɫı̫Ӳˡ
ңʹǴ򿪣ҲãֻͶ·˲ܹʹá
Ϊ֮У̺ǿҵı⣬ֱʹĪĸоǿ˵ʹı⣬ʹ߳
ҲֻľоˣܹʹãֻЩѾǺˡ

ǹǹҲ㵽˭ȻСô׼ɣҪѪϴһ㣡
ߺŵ͸񷣬еѩԽԽˣǹҲһЩݣû뵽ߺôĿ¡
ʵϣӸߺڣûʹùԼȫʵûжôƴսΪһ·ǰͰ࣬ʵûжܹʹùȫʵ
øߺԵڵĽˣϧ۸ߺĳܲСȴ
ߺҲǴûùԼȫʵֻǸʱΪԽǿЩˡ
ֻǶԼܹٷְսʤսûƴ
ߺݵطߺһȭǰĿռ˲⣬漴ѣߺ˽ȥ
Ȼǰһռѷ죬ߺӰ˲ʹ˳
еĻٵתǰȥ鱾УոҪԼȭͷߺȥ
漴ɫ䣬ȻٵȥߺĻ˲佫ǰĿռˡ
Ҫ֪µĿռļ̶̳ȿǱȵĿռ䲻֪۶ٱҲֻ߲ſĻһ顣
ʱȻû뵽ڵĸߺȻҲǿ
ҿÿ죬ҪȻĻһ֮£ҲûлıҪˡ
һУںԶɫǹȻصУȻһǹռʱ飬ߺȥ
ѾʼµԼĴ๥ˣԷһǹȻɿռ飬֪ǹѾеһˡ
һǹĵطռ׷׳һֱϸϸѷ죬Ϊﲻ͸ǹɵġ
ߺҲֻ΢΢һŤͶһǹ˳ŶԷĳǹԷֻȥ
ǹ˫ַſǹǱߺһл򵽣˵־ʹ˷ϵˡ
ȻſеǹֻǹβԷýָһ£ǹ˲ͲǹǹΧĿռȫ飬ߺҲòǹ
һתת·һ˳ǹһ㣬ȻȻҿ
ת䣬Ѿת˸ߺıץסǹβȻ΢΢ʹǳǹߺɨ
ߺ΢΢һ٣ֹͣסоǹ磬֪ǹԺδ˫ΣգȻת
תĹ֮УߺѾںƣԼȥסǹ⡣
ǹ⻹ûдߺֵʱ򣬾ȻѾ޷ǰˣߺֳצһĲຮбǸǹ׵ĿԼġ
һֻ˻˳ǹؿȥ
ɶ񡭡
ǹɫԽԽѿΪԼѾǾǧˣߺͲԼˣû뵽ڵĸߺԼȻһ¡
ڿвлʽȻһһҹһʼߺʼ·磬ǰʱԽԽߺĲȻʤصá
Ƴʺϵľֲ಻ϵսˣ˾ȻƾС
ģǹѾˣħӰڣҲԼġ
ʱԼʵһڹֱ֮ߺ
˼ߺôȻǰǸߺôܹƾУСʬ亮Ӣ鲻ԶԼôܹŹԷء
㣬㣡Ҫ磬޴ӣ
ߺһȣ˶ԷԼŴ̹һǹһԷؿȥ
ϽѪӿߺĴ򷨣ʹǹ飬ҲûңôܿԷԼأ
ԣ㿪ˡ
ߺ˼ϢĻᣬûֱӷϵıһɲǼȫͷţҪǧ޿ɶݣ


851 âһ
ϵѩʼۣŸߺĻ벻һĺʼͶ𣬷ԲǧķΧ֮жߺĺˡ
ߺֱһʱ侹Ȼ˲ĴȻʣһ˿˿Ѿγвˡ
ڣһǧߺǰ׵ɱߺֻѾˣΪⷽԲǧ֮ڣȻȫߺֱ׵ıסˡ
ڵ˵һǧ𣬾Ǿǧô׵Ľˣǧܹ򿪡
ǣǿҲֻǰǧѣôоǧأǾԲġ

ңԶĵطһźɫëѻһ޴С
ǸѾ֮ܳΪˣΪռݷԲǧѾͿˣǾ޴յڵ澹ȻûһƬҶ
ɿݵ֦ûһ˿ˮ֣ȴɼ̣紵ǧô׵ĽƤơ
ǺѻһľۼأոǸͬһĺѻѻһȨˣѻںѻ֮£һȫѪɫëѻ
ǺѻһĶȨˣѪѻ𣬺ͺѻһҲǰǧ𣬶ġ
õһĲΪµЩڱյĺѻǡ
ЩѻߵѾǰǧˣЩǧĺѻҲֻǧǧֻ
ǧֻǧĺѻǧֻѻһͼĴڡ
ϣǸݵزԶһǿǧ˲ˣǸ޷ӴҶƲǺ
˵һǧǸֵܣʮǧ𣬾Ȼ޷Ǳƿ
ʹƿˣҲ˲ͳϡ
ǺѻһҲʧȥ˼ǧˣֻһΪûнȥԲŵ
ѻɫ࣬ԼָûԱߵľӣƳɵġ
˵ӲȾǧԼһʵ˷ֺ
ǣںѻǰÿһûǸһһë档
ǽԷëͷȫŪһһǳǿıãһż𼶱ڻ¡
ϧû˻ڶǳ֣ΪһУѻһɷǳǿ
˵ڵһ㼴ʹȫҲֻǿܹѻһ壬˵һǧ˰˰٣͵ͬھˡ
ѻһһİңһȵзе
ͨˣ˵Ѿд߽ˣǾͲҪҲκˣ˵Ǻѻһ峹׵Ҳ˵
󣬺ѻһǾǾԲҪȥŭԷ
ǧҪ˵ѻ𣬾ȫһĶܹ׵ķסԲǧ
ͨǧ𣬽ȥ򱻱Ľʩչˣ˵Ѿߵһֲ˼ĵزˡ
Ȼѻ廹£Ȼ۰һʱˣҲڡ
ǵ˼ңǿһŭʬǧԼѻһͲҪڵһˣЩԼѹȺԻ𷴿

Ȼǿ󡣡Ȼڸߺʵ֮ǿǱûʲôı䡣
ЩȻѾڸߺķΧ֮ˣȻԷɱСڸߺΨһ뷨Ǳ
޲ýǰʬΣҲҪˣҲѾΪˡ
ΪڵĸߺбǧȻʹԼҲûа취ˣȻԼҲвö
Ȼ뽫ƵһвûкʵУУҲ޴ʹˣΪЩƻԼ֮еĻܡ
ʼϵռԼ壬ȻԼöǲϵĴԼ֮УԼ̣ȻĴҲʼۡ
ֲĻǴˣֲǶԷĲԼͬʱȻʼģԼ꺣֮еǹǿĴ͸ſԱһеƣԼ깥ȥ
˫ش֮£ȱû˷ʱΣ
ڿ˵ڻлǱĲǡϸȻԼ֮в߷
ŪԼǹʼԼ귢𹥻ȥĻԼǲڣܹǿǹסԼһ˿ǣȥ
ǣѾ޿ɱˣŪøܾǱȻˡ
ڵĸߺѾˣǿʩչǧǧ֮ڶϺʱձӡ
ЧԼûзȻǲܵġ
Щ̫СߺˣߺƴԼҲҪöԷء
ʼԼȼԪǧΪһ㣡
ȻԼԪΪӿʼȼԼԪߺð͵Ĺâ
ȻʮֵҫۣϸĻͷǹâͣ¹һҫ˵Уϴ˵顣
ߺŤˣϵĻÿÿһ֣ɫͲ԰һ֣ϵ¶ò԰
ߺֻоһһɫѪҺѾǸߺѪˣߺеıǱѪɫġ
ЩѪŵ棬Ƕǲɶõ֮һѪȷ硣
Ѫǿ۷ڰ˵ܴѰҵϢɴ˶̤ϴ֮·Ʒɴﵽأ
ֻϧѪԭǲ𲻿ɽһҪΪ̣ǧ𣬶òҪĵط
ҲǣǺڷԼ˵ƵǹʯˣһʯͿԽĹͷɢˡ
װˮԪˮ̶ҲҪˣǿǧ𣬲СĴһ磬ڷ͵ˤһͷ
˵ǧϰٰһĻ˵˾
ڸߺһ֮УⷽԲһǧĺʼСȻСһ㡣
Ǻâһ㣬ڸߺָ֮ϡ

ںѻһ壬ѻԼµı棬û뵽֮ͻأĳһħӰ
ֻǵһָѻͿʼСȫⶼ뵽˹ͷ֮УȫĹͷΣΪһǹ״
ɫëȻΪǹӧһ˹ӵĹǹڿУʼգѻӦûзӦ
еһз·𶼷һ˲֮УǹǹȻɣǹ֮ϣɷֵĹͷ״
ںѻ꣬ȻԷĴǹУΪǹꡣ
ǹɢĲԶЩԱģģЩ𼶱ȴ֮С
ϲãʹǼ꣬ҲﲻһƷ𼶱ħӰ̾һ


852 ϣ֮
ʮ𼶱֮ϣǱҪƷǿȣӽʮ𼶱ľһƷ𼶱
ǣһƷ𼶱ʹʮʮ𼶱Ӳȶܿȡ
˭ΪʲôҪɱҴ磡Ǻɫѻ̼еֻħӰĿʱ򣬾̰ΨΨŵŵٲ˵ˡ
£ħӰԴѻһԴһ治©ȫУԷǿľսǸԼôһ£Լܲ˰
ӽ𣬷ǹѻһ壬ȫ֮˶Ҫ֮ӵģͱˣ
ħӰֻһԱߵһǧĺѻһ֮£Ȼ飬Ѫ
һ֮£ܹһǿİǧ˲ƵǴ˵Ϊǿʲôز
ħӰû˵Ļתʧ֮УѪѻȺѻĹڵ£֮ѪѻŻعٿ£ȫĺˮ
̫ǿˣаˣǿŴǹǾҺѻһϱԴ˵ķԸƴҲҪִУ
ѪѻþԼȫվ򶨵ķԸ漴еĺѻȻһƨ̱ϡ
ֲ̫ˣʵֲ̫ˣոоԼһߣ嶼ţȵĴڽ״̬ŭˣһСľɥڴˡ
Էһ־ͽԼһߵĺѻһ˳ǹΪʵ£ǸԼôһ£ԼĴ붼ÿ¡
ħӰ֮ǷѾԼȫſվģѾоԼ֮кĳ۳ˣһ̱ǡ
ͬһ̲һ̱ľʵ棬Ķܶһˡ
´֮Ҳܲסˣ̱ԼԱߵϡ

ߺָոҪǲ㺮ߺһָҲΪǸߺϵ㡣
ⷽԲǧĺһ˵֮бǿֲĺ֪
Ҳûа취ֻܹĿŶԷԼָıָеĻǿûˡ
ǣıôĵĮԼϡ
ʵϣҲĲϣȻˣǶ˶ԼģΨһźûɱ˸ߺԼһ
ֻҪԼԿԸһﵽ顣
ϧߺʵ̫ˣһսȻռϷ磬벻ģǸߺȻ˵ز
ڵЩڽСɱˣһССǧܸԼɶ˺ҲǸԼɵСѶѡ
ǧǧĲɲǹ⿴ͿԵģǧھǧǰܹŹһǲˡ
СѣôּˣڸߺҪɹʱǸħӰȻָ֣ᵯһ֧ǹ
ǸǹʮֵĹӣҫȥ񶼲ᷴƵģ·Ǹǹܹɹâ
ֻһǰĿռ˲ˣǸǹһգ۾˸ߺǰײڸߺָϡ
ߺָⱾǽҪײǺ֮ϣû뵽ǰȻһռѿڣһǹͻȻڸߺָǰ
֨֨֨
̶ӸߺĶ𣬸ߺĶ֮пʼѪ漴øߺѪ
ߺϱͲһ˺ۣ˺ۣ忪ʼָˣ֮˿ٴαѡ
˿˿ѪʼӸߺ˿֮ӿߺѾ˺ˣѪմ
ߺһ㺮âȻûнǸǹȫҲҿԷûҪɱԼ˼ҪȻĻڸߺ״̬ƾԷй¶һҲὫԼȫ
ԹǾôˣ̫ϧ𣿡ħӰһӣĺһռѷ죬ô֮˽ȥ
ߺɫһ䣬ո˵ʲô֮еѾһȫĺľˣ˵ˣֻܹԹ޵ŶԷʧռ䡣
ǿϧֻﰡͨߺǱǧܵ˱ӦѾûϢڷҲܻ
ǣ仰ǳ֮ڣߺ֮󣬲ž뵽ԼոչŹˣȻҲˡ
Ļæȥ֮ڷȱȻôվԼǰ
û°ɣߺɵɵôһ䣬ʶɨһºڷ𣬷ֶԷϲûˡ
Ȼ󼱼ææܵߣ֣ԻΪԷƣŪһ
ޡҪģԶ㣡ߺûйأһӳ˹
ߺæ㣬ҿĵҪҪȻƾڸߺ֮ʣµܲܽסԷһӻĺ˵
ϧС󡭡ߺ뵽С̾ʹԭ²˱˹ȣ񿴵һ
Ϊʲôûأ֪ˣ˼ҿǵһˮͽܣͽܻʲôöλͽţ
òһĶһ˵Ҳʲô¡
ֻΪʲôˮԪȴûķأ˱ȽϷѽˣˮԼ뷨ͲǸߺ˿Եĵˡ
ڸߺĵС飬ѲɾСʹ
мƽϣոտߺôƴİȻΣ֮øߺһٵˣåҪ
ǣò᲻ˣߺʹҲûһʹ
ָܵо֮кȻѲһϲåܣԲܵģǱĵѡ
뵽ı鵹˲٣ߺԣ֬ĸߺļ
ϸ˵ʵҲûа취飬Ҫ֪ͷȮڵĻǵʵ̶ȣʹڵ֮УҲûκιġ㲻ҪֻҪҵͷȮĻǣͲ²֮ܽˣΨһľǱס
ֻڸߺĶУߺסĿɿڴδǵ֮Ϊһˣ֪δ֮иûνĹ
ˮͽܣԲ޹ʷʸǾȷ£ңδ֮Уûνħһ塣
Ѳɣ̫ʱĵδĵĲͬ
ûƭңߺȻ̧ͷʵ
ᣬߺߵתԼ壺͵ƭˣСԴѿԵѲԼ֪ͷȮĹڵ֮УǾԲɢģǿ𣿡
ߺ⼸ȷڵĵȷԼǸʱĵᲢ۵ģ϶ЩԼ֪顣
вϣĻôСȷʲôˡ


853 
ߺ򵥵Ļָһ£׼̣СǼ򵥶ˣߺֱԼĲӡԼĿռ֮С
ָʵ˵ԸߺڶԵȷһ㣬ߺԭ˴Լʱ䣬ҹߺûжһֱ
ջʼ΢΢գߺòԼĳǾ
ˮȷǸ˸ߺĻָߺȻһʱ֮Уͽָ˽߳ɡ
ָܹѾǲˣǰٶָôߺҪһܹ꣬ָ״̬
ڵĸߺʵȻָֻ߳ɣǧսǰǧƲǸߺĶ֣бߺɱĿܡ
ڵĸߺϽΪĵһ֣ˮĸֱڸߺǰûзʱ
Ըߺо٣ԼﻹǸߺǰôоԼԸߺôأ
Ҫ˵Ȼˮͽܣôƽأ˼еĵһʻ
Ȼһ仨Ȼʶ˵ɲɣñˮ֣ԭˮǼյӵġ
ǣʱ֪ôģôˣҸ

ȻҲ֪ԼΪʲôΪˮͽܣܺùûС
Ҫ֪ջˮãǴ󲿷ֶǻԴͷûֻһҵճ
û˻֪ʵ˺ķǱǳǻˮĺգԵ޹˺
ʹûҵˣҲĳ޳ܵļһɫģȻø³
˵ûˮ𱣻Ļ˵ƾһƣ˵ʶ֮󲻾ãͻ⵽Щɫļһ֡
ǧϳ˸ߺ֮⣬ˣΪߺһбǧѾеȫˡ
ģֻʣѰһЩزıˣ˵һ㺱زıҲѾˡ
ߺ˾Ȼ޵ٵزıڸߺ֮£ЩزıȫϢ뵽ߺ˵Ķ֮ˡ
ڸߺҪľҪӵдǸħӰٱԷڲ
ҪһʧȥԼʹˣСΪԼʵǿɵġ
ܹﵽ״ܶԷĵزôߺҲͲôˣСҲôȥҲ䵽˼ֵĵز
ʵʵҪǿʵԼߵһУԼҪģߺڿŭź
һǧ￴ƺܳʵڸߺǰʵʲôǶʮͷɵ˾ͷ
ڸߺڷɱ˵Ƿɱʵʼգֻкڷսѡ
ߺһֱԱֻǵȵΣյʱ򣬲ų־
ʹڷܵ˵ĿܣȴûΣգߺҲǾԲģΪߵ
Ҫ˾ͳɳǲܵģɳĹ֮Уⲻ˵ġ
Щ˵ҪԼһ֮жܵκ˺ˣǳ˵Ρ
Сѧ￪ʼоͽľͨ˵һܱ˺
һѧһ˺Լʹӳɳ֮Уĵ˺ǲܰġ
ҪʵҪ˺뵱ӣҪƷ뷨ࡣ
ǲܵģߺҲᣬЩս˵Ѿ𲻵ĥˣǶԺڷȴǲͬ
Ҳֻǧ𣬶ڷһʳͶˣֻǧ
ȻΪ˵ѾǿˣνԶΪĴڣǶһ׵ΪԱʸûС
ͼ飬ڷ;Բͷˡ
ߺҲʼĥúڷڶСҪ֪СȻʱ򣬲ܵʲôӰ졣
ΪͷȮǵĲǵ֮еޣȥ˵֪Ǹء
ڷȫͬˣȥֻһǾͬ˵ģֻֻܹأΪ̫ɱ
ǸߺԲģȻڷΪԼ£Ǹߺ;ԲԼ¾ô
ڶڷʵڷҲߺȻһ죬Ϊǧʱ
ߺΪܹ˳ͻƣԼӦõõǲҩģֻҪԼòģȫúڷˡ
ҩҲŲ˼õģȫúڷһˣҩɹͻǧһҲˡ
ߺɫһֱôȻҲʱʱĵϷһͻƵḶ́졣
֮Уߺڿʼһ㶼òһˣʱʱкѻͷӹ
ʵǺܸߣֻǧӶѣһȴ˸ߺľԡ
ǱʲôݣߺǿԷģƷֲһҲûʲô̫ΣС
ǣ֮Уÿһʱ䣬кѻɹֻǺѻԴǷɹ֮󣬸ûбʲôͷɹˡ
뿪ǷԲǧôõ·ˣȻһֻʲô鶼ûⲻò˸ߺע⡣
˵ǺѻһǿҪˮټĵһȫѻһƿˡ
˵ѻһǾԵߣû֮һе嵥һֿĻҲԲѻһĶ֡
ô˵ѻճԼˣɲʲôͷ
ţ˵ѻһǲҪǣߺ֪ܵĵĿٺֱЦ
ûȿǵߺĺһ仰ߺһ仰ͳ׵ˣޣҪĸţ
Ľտĸߺ۾һϷ
ţƤһĲˣȻˣӶôЩˣ㻹޸˲ɣ
𳤵ñ˫ɯЩƣԭԷǸ߰ӣߺĲô
ǣŽӴϸߺĸı䣬ߺԽԽԶԷǰˡ
Ȳ˵ⳤðٷְƵգŵǿ󷨾Ҳһ˾ܹѧġ
δһֱǲ˫ɯ֮Уڣ˫Ȼʦá
ܲ˵ɺϰɣɺҲûôɺϵģ˵δҲˮͽܡ
̫е̫ɺһɣ̫࿴ɺϵ飬ôʵˡ
ȻԼаĽ֮飬ôߺôǰϱأߺⲻŰأ
ԸߺһҪöԷԼñӡ
ʱıǨߺѾɹˣһŮ˶һ˸еʱ򣬾֤ѾҪǸˡ
˻ĸҵŭԣŵ緱ǵˣôͳɹ˾ųˡ
ٶŮаĽ֮ĵĻǾǰٷְ褴Ƹˡ
òھ࣬Ѿ޷԰ε֮УȻǸߺˡ


854 ɱ¾һ
ϵѻɹԽԽƵߺĴ֮Ҳʼòעˡ
ߺǲͬģߺ֪ηˣϾδʱҲ֮ԵʣĴѻǺܶࡣ
Ҳǲͬǳ磬۷ʱ̣ĴΣȻͲǸߺԱġ
ʱǿΣȻҲʹĶࡣ
ֲĺѻһ壬ȻûǶ֮ǿ󣬻Ϊġ
ע֮󣬾ЩŵĶԸߺ˵ߺǲȥʮ֮ϵĿаɣʵ̫Σˣ
ߺԼƤЦɫԵҡҡͷһ·Ϊ̫ˣͲ̫ʵҲãɱ¾֮У֮еʵѹʵ
һ·ϣ˵ʵȷЩ̫ˣڸߺʱͻǧľ磬ﵽǧĿ¸߶ȡ
ˣߺľ൱ҲǿҪﵽǧˡ
Ҫ֪Ųʮʱ䣬Ǿӵ˼ұгɹ鸡ˡ
ǧزıҲ⼸ӶһգͬȳݲڵߣûũطׯڸͲ÷ˣֱȥ־Ϳˡ

ϣǵѪѻѾ׼ĲˣֻҪѻһѣУ໥ǣ֮£ЩǾ޷еģʱǾձϵ⣡
ںѻһĹ֮УѪѻڰڴǰ飬Աѻһϡѻɵĳǹ
ħӰ˵صʱѪѻʵΪ⣬ΪҲһܣûжǿʵ
ǣмһ֣֪ûУԷֻһ۹⣬ͽһǧ꺣͸ʵȷһ
˵ѪѻˣʮѪѻ𶼲һǶԷĶ֡
ټ϶Էгеʮ𼶱ֱ绢Ʋɵ
һʼίߵѪѻ˺ѻһĸ߲㣬һ˲ͱѪֶξ
ǰҴһŭǰԼʧ֮С
ǿ˵Ѫѻ󣬲Ǻѻһ󷨣ħӰڸġ
һǧѻټһǧǧѻǧѻֻǧѻ
ĳطλͬʱѣγɵĿռһռȫֻܹѪ֮г衣
ǣһѪǾһ޼᲻ݵεǽһʹȥ
ܹﵽҲǰ벽ߵĵزȻĻǾǧҲһĽ
ζԷֱʲνɶһһǧ𣬶ǿѾﵽ˰ǧĵز
Ȼ˵ôôˡ
Ҳû취ģôĻʱµϾͻԼԶ֣ʱٸԼһ
һںѻһǳ׵Ļ첻ȥˣ˵Ҫһ壬ǺοأΪѪѻٻӢ۵š

ߺ֮еĵҲԽԽˣЩѻϵԼԱߣ飬ͬڵһѺ֥һ
ֳǧֻѻһֵĳߺЩȻһĪĸоڸߺͷøߺоǷꡣ
ѲɣΪЩСѻԭ򣿡ߺ˫΢΢һУܵĸоΣա
ʱ򣬺ڷͻˣɾǧǿһ˲ʹӶԷ֮б
ԲһĴɲǼʵ࣬΢΢³һ˿ȫǰݺڷǿ¡
ڷԲһ֮УҲкܶĺѻֻ󲿷ֶǧ𣬾Ȼǿ֮£ѹˣ˿˿ںڵѪҺںڵ֮
ǣȴִſԭأһѹʱ֮Ҳйԥȴᶨվԭأ·յϢء
Ҹо鲻ôˣпǸħӰԵʣʵ벻˭ôǿóưԵһĺѻһ㳲ֻΪ˶Ըǣ
ߺΪԼ˭ûпǸħӰħӰùǹʱ𼶵ĴڣȻһɲǼ
ħӰĴڣ۸ߺôѯʣ˶һ֪һʮãĿŸߺ֪ҲŽˡ
ߺûи˵ħӰ飬ϾǸħӰѪԭ֮жǶһ޶ǿڣԼ˵˵š
ҸоǹܲɷֵĹϵϾһ֮УҲֻѻһ˰ɣ
࣬ĵ˵
ߺҲ֪Ĵڣ鱳Ǹ޿ƥеħӰĴء
˵ħӰ˵ûгԼ֮ǰǾԲɱԼģȴôġ
пɽ纣Ũɱɱ֮øߺ֪ǹǾԲôġ
Ըߺ˻ǷǳΣյģһȥܷĵ·ϣǰǣǺ滹лԼ
ԼȻ֪ںиΣȴܹͷΪѾͷˡ
ʹһΣǻɱǹնǹ𣬼ʹǹվ棬ߺҲ岻ݴǣѡԼѡ
ѡڵģѲɾΪʱҪϵķѪ߶ۺ
ȻǹǹǻѡԼΪУʱԼǲܱҪɱˡ
顭ڸߺ׳־ʱЩ飬һ޼ʵѻȻʼԱ
ߺΪԷһȺ֮ʱԼԼı׵Ķһͨı·
ûǣЩѻһ徹ȻĽԱһǧԱߺС
һǧԱǾͲһˣټ滹ǧǧ𣬰ǧԱ
൱ʲô൱ذԼû뵽ذ֮лⳤì
Ϊìˣǹì֮лǹӵӵĺ澹Ȼڵ
һ˵ǿҵϢߺɫһԼǰòһĺǲ񱩵˵ֵ档
ߺȻֿ֮סˣǣԷԱվ̫ǿˣһ˿˿ѪʼӸߺ
ڷǲңȻѾιȥˣһ˿˿ѪͣĴӶԷ֮
󣬸ߺڵֿˣֻѪҲߺ³ڣɫѪð˿˿
ߺæóһСƿˮԼĿУ˲ſ޸
ڵϻԵˣҲƵŪĸߺЦãԼˣֵҲֵˣһȴ˹ˡ


855 ɱ¾
ߺæΪˮָˣһͬ£ظһʵͶһֻϣ
˶ڸߺռλãڷͱ˵ˣͶߺĵһ£Ըߺ˵ء
һںʵǸߺһĽŮӣߺ֮ô׾أ
ߺԲöԷôʹ֪ĳһվǸߺȴԼǰȥ
ȥǱȻ飬ҪȻ;ƲһȴڸߺҪԼߺ
ߺ˵ʵָ˽߳ɣڸߺĴ£˳ſʮ֮ϵĸ߿ȥ
ֻעҪʧܣոյ߿ʮ׵ĵطʱ򣬸ߺ˵ɫԽԽ
һһǰһ˺һǾ
ǵҪ뵽ʮ֮ϸ߿գƬŨѪʱԵѪȻʼӿɺһ飬ߺ˵ֵ档
⧲֮£ߺװıӶˣˣȥ
ô£нƣߺɫʼ࿪ʼתˣεĴˡ
Ҫ֪Ȼûѻһǿ󣬵ǣȴԴӶԷѪԭһĲԿѻһȷǷǳǿġ
ǲеģȻڸߺʵܹﵽǧ𣬵ǶԷİǧ𣬴ǧ𣬲ǧǧ
ټǸ޴ڵľǧǹڸߺ˵ĴΣյԼӸľˡ
ô죿ڷеţȻոսǧ𣬵ǵһԣֻεĴڡ
ֳѪԭһȺûʲôģԿһϲٹ֮Ѿ̲סʼˡ
ҲΪʲУʵ˶ҿڷǴӲϵɱߵյģһƽĴү½վҪ׵ıˡ
ߺһЦô죿ȻɱȥˣҾͲţ棬ʲôܹʲô˺
˵ԹԵǰȥĵĿ˸ߺһֹۣҪߺ˵Щʲô
Ǹߺûͣ٣Ҳ˲˵ʲôˣĸڸߺ
ٺǺڷˣȻ־壬ȴӡ
ûǿԵģϾֻһҲˣԶһЩϧǲĶ
ǣȴûйһЩƵģΪûʧȥԼͶ˵ˣǵ͵ûй
˻Ҳ˷ʳԷ˷ѿ˻Ҫ˷ء

ڷȻϧȴйΪʧȥԼү׸Ǻڷġ
ʧȥ֮󣬾ͱųǣӵй֮󣬾ͬʱӵ
仰Ǻڷս֮УһֱһҲӴøߺٶһɱ
ߺƬãѪ֮ǰһ·߸裬ʼʱ򣬻ʲôڣǽģʼкѻһʼг֡
Ϊսپһʼɸߺˣֻᵯ˵ָԷУȻȻ顣
Ʈݣһһɱоּ䣬𿴵һĿѣ룬ϸߺɫĳۣƮݣˡ
ֻߺȴǾƲģǧ֮µĺѻߺöˡ
ûһ·߸裬ɱħնħ顣
ߺһһ֮䣬ɱѾиһǧ
һһߺ֮ƣٵĶԷϷĸԷͷ­ǰο˵ĺһ
漴ߺӰʧӰ٣󳹵ʧУߺٴγֵʱ򣬾Ѿʮ֮ˡ
ǺѻһŷӦΪʱˣΪǵѾ׵Ļˣʣµֻǻɢʶ
ߺߺǺѻſʼɢߺɱԽԽء
ͨߣɱ˻ɱأοǸߺָ߽ߣɱҲһˡ
ʱɱʮڵ飬Ȼ󲿷ֶ̣ҲһĴڡ
ɱĸǳףǧͼģοдǧǧмǧ

ѻһĹ֮У֮ϣѪѻɫǺ죬ʵҲǺģֻôһɫˡ
ֱ̫ˣӦ˵̫ˣʲô£ԷˣδսѾʧȥһսʿˣڿɺãɳôȥȻһδ飬ȫˡ
ߣǺѻһ忴ȫǷһ׳Էɻķǹ˵
ʵѾȲȥˣҪɱߺѾˣƫƫħӰߵʱٴҪԸߺԹ
ҪȻһ̾
оԼܱľǣѪѻȻܹߺƫƫȴѻһ壬ĸҪȥˡ
Ҳ˵úѻһȥøߺ˵ʵԽԽѣʱߺһͻǧ𣬿ƾԼڵΪǾԲǶԷĶֵġ
ǼԼڵʵڼǳǧĺѻһ壬˵нߺĨɱĿܡ
ȥƴһѣһҪߺĨɱںѻһ壬ԼأΪľ֮ˣɾԼϾǹ
Ѫѻһ֮УȻˣҪĺ
֮ѪѻһĲæתԼ壬ϣ֪ʲôԸ𣿡
ڣѪѻ֮еѪѻ꣬Ǹƿ󷨣ȫһƬվͿˣɱ¾ˣ
ǹ˵Ҫ֪Ѫѻ۾ЩԱܹ꣬ǵѪ⣬Ƹı䡣
˵Ŀһ棬Ƶ棬õ˵ضݣգõ˷С
ǹЩѪѻľǸ߿ʮ״Բøߺ뵽ˮ֮С
Ժѻһеѹʵ̫ˣЩѻҲܹӳȫʵﲻԼЧ
Ľ֮Ѫѻֻ΢΢һ£ڳˡ
ȻħӰĿе֪ԷûҪߺ뷨ǣ˼˵ˣһжϵΪ
෴ģ⣬ܡ
ڶ˵ΣյķǸħӰǰǹһ鰡ǶԷлʮ𼶱ֱǲеĴڡ
ԴӦˣһ£ߺ
һʼЩѻǵĳ֣ڣȴǳɽɺĳ֣ɽҰһ󣬺ѹѹһƬ
ߺҲ޾ɱ¾֮Уߺѩ׵ĳմ˺ɫѪҺڸߺѾɢȳĺɫˡ


856 ͻƣһ
ޱ޼ʵĺѻǰͺ̵ߺ˵ĵطߺǲ⣬ȴò⣬Ͼ಻ǧôܵеùǰǧأ
ûʲô⣬ǧҲڻ£ǰһԺԼҲɱ졣
ҿǰиߺڣڵĸߺǽԼȫˣһ֣һƬ𺮱ǰĺѻ
ڸߺǰЩǧ𶼲һ֮У˵ЩСආˡ
Ըߺһ֣ͷһλͿԼߵһȫλġ
ڿзеģٵϱģǧ𣬻ǰǧ𣬲ǲзϵĻģֻҪǵˣǾһټ
ڷڸߺĺ淴Ǳĺܺãûа취˵ǽ˴ס֮ҪЮߺˣȫܵġ
Զڸߺĵطһźɫ·ˣվԶԶս
ڴ˴һڣںѹѹģͷǳڵĺѻһ棬ǲô͹ԡ
ҴһֱѹԼϢȻøߺûзԼǴ˵ǿ֮Ҫ֪ÿһǿߣԼеϢ
ϵϢȴȫѹɼ˵ʵҲѾշľˡ
˾ǸߺѪԭ֮󣬵һУ͵һүǹˡ
ҲǣǹԴӽ֮Ǳߺãɱ˼ȻøߺöĳѪ
Ǳ׷ɱߺսҲǼĻ
ߺڵĳɾͣ˵һ󲿷ԭҪлľǹˡ
ҪƾⲻǾԲô׵ľɱǧ
ȻҲǿ֮һ˲䴿˺Ǻͻȫ޷ȵģᲢۡ
һǸߺղʱҲǹһֱ׷ɱҪȻߺͱˡ
Ҫ֪ʱߺֻǧ𣬶˲˺Ҳ㣬ȴǧǿȣ㽫ʱߺʵʮҲĶ֡
ǣڵ飬Ǹʱǹȴǹǰ׷ɱŪϾߺ
һһ׷ʮ꣬𼶵˵ͲʲôϾÿһ꣬ǧ꣬ʮʱȷǲʲô
ֻϧȴɾ˸ߺ˫Աɾǧսǧ
Աʱ򣬾Ȼɾǧ𣬾֮ǹ
ȻϲоڵĸߺѾȫʸԼˣǲĿʼߺϣøߺɹõˮԪ
ɴ˱ֱĹɱӣʱƫƫԼĴǰȻøߺɹĵʵС
ֻϧǣֻСڳɹʵ鵱С
ΪǧǰҸߺѰȻɱСҲɹŭ˸ߺߺڽȫˡ
˵֮ǰߺֻһöըڸߺǾǱըըȻͬնˡ
һսɹĿߺȫǱøߺܹԼȫʵǧ𿰱ȵǿʵ
˵һеһУǰǰСù͡
Ҳĵùˣ˵ùѼˣûκһˣһôù
ȻƲϵռ۷壬ȴʵǲϵ˵ʵԼʵȻˣǵ˵ʵҲѾɺˡ
֮Уû˵һôġ
ϾܹΪģһǵ죬֮ǰǹȷġ
һ룬֮˸ǵλǹ𣬶һͬĵϵֵܣмǣ
ǣƬƬߺ֮󣬾һֱùˣŪߺоͷƤ顣
ڿüˣкѻһȫ֮ţԼһɹġ
СùͦԼţоԼǰ;һƬ
ȡôоеأ˵Ƥô°ѪѻǹͦεӰԱߵһоʮĺѻ
Ѫ죬֪оǴʲôʱʼģǰʼģʼģǸŵĺѻ˵ӵ֪ǵޡ
Ѫѻͣһ£εĿ˿ǰգ׳ǹһּΪϸ΢Ĵ
Ǹոտλεˣͦε壬Ҿ͸оԼƤԽͦΣƵʾԽ󣡡
ѪѻС˵ûǹ⣬ڻմմϲأѽѽ̫ˡ
λѾǳ֮ˣôоԼκǵ˲ǵأ˲أ
һִͷĸоǵͷǹ𻹲֪ء
ԶĴսԽܻԽңѾʼȻˣѻһ˿ʼأߺ˵ɱԽԽ
𽥵ģڷѾͶ뵽ս֮ˣߺһտˣһ߶Ǻѻһĺѻ¾
ֻҪв˵ĴڵʱߺͺԥĽɱԷӦӦͱߺ׵ˣΣնɱѿ֮С
սʼ壬ƬƬĿյչڸߺ˵ǰ
ߺ˵Ҳʼĳ˺ۣΪѻһ֮вȫӹˣȫֲһСඣڶ֮ǰȫˡ
ߺ˺۵һںڵļһȻѻһȫȫںڵģֻȻһ⡣
ֻѻڵķڹǰᷴģչâëΪõΡ
ߺûзֶԷٵĽӽԼԷһذ׾Ѿ̽ߺˡ
ƺЦݣߺдŭһӣͽԷȫˣڶԷûзӦʱ򣬺飬ԷҲźĳ
ֻԷذĲʲôƷߺʱ򣬸ߺȻӦûзӦֻоԼ΢΢һԷذ׾ѾԼؿˡ
ҿߺķӦҲǼʱڹؼʱ򣬲ذ״̽еʹӲŤתԼ壬űԼ౻̴
̴ȻҪҪָǾͲô򵥵ˣԪˡ
ǧһʱԪ˵ȷµĽ
͵ڽԼ֮ϵһϸϸĸ˿ϣʱеȥΣա
ڸߺҪٴɱеʱɫһ䣺ذж
Ǵ̽ȥذϣȻɢһ˿˿ĺɫëϢߺ֮ɢȥѻľһʮִĹ
ҪȻͨĶԲκθߺ
ߺԭԷѾߺˣİǧʼ֣ԭЩһһֱڶĺ档
ڵĸߺܹڷǾ޷ôİǧƥеġ


857 ͻƣ
ߺʱ⽫ȫסˣֹЩǧйǣôҲǲִΪ֮ûжôǿ
ҿߺѾ˽⵽һĵزˣת
ȻǲȽʺϣȻɱǿ󣬵ǷȣֱС׼ס
Щǧ𿴵ķǽڣʼȥЩΪСĺѻǰ壬˺ǰȥ
ںǽڷ͸⺮ǽģǷǳľ棬Щѻһ嵽״ʲô
ˣЩѻһСļǸӣ֮󲻸ɱģǧģùһԱ
ΪǧѻԸߺⲻûзĿԣǸոսйͻᱻӵȻ˲佫֮ס
Ҳ˵𲻵ʲôãԱ
ǧǿԹһ£ȻŻᱻ׵ı⣬ԣǧѻһǹ£ȻڽԱ
ԴƣǧǷǳǿģлһЩݺţܹߺĺһϸСѷ졣
ȻֻһϸСƣ㹻Щѻһ˿ϲˡ
ǿĻǰǧ֮еţȻĽߺĲˣ֩һƱ鲼ǽ
кѻС񣺡ҮǳɹˣǲһˣҲһ񡭡
ߺʱ̫ѹֲսʤ̬еĺѻһжеʧ䡣
û뵽ߺʵȻǿ˹ôѻһ˶ɥ֣֮֮һİǧ𣬶ڸߺ߲һС
ǵܵصĴΣڽߺһƿˣôܲϲ
еĺѻһ嶼߾ԼֻֻʣëǿëڷƮ㡣
ڻԿЩһܣɵĲǸߺĺǽǸߺˡ
ԶԶǹ𿴵ߵǹ𣬲˵ţܰɣˣôߺôѲΪߺѾǿ֮ĩˣ
뵽⣬оͿʼڣ˭ɱߺ뷨ûǿҡ
ߺħϣߺһ죬Ϊߣֻнߺˣֿܡ
ˣڸߺѾжŪǸҲЩѻٵĲˣ϶˴ϸһѷ졣
ڳɹˣҮҮ·ǣŶߣǹԼ֪˵ʲôֻǸо˳˵˳
ǹӰһչɲǼͳڸߺ˵ǰĿŸߺ˷֮ɫԱŸ˵֣ܹ
ߺһΪʲôͣҲˣҲˣҪǲҿɾͽȥŶ
ǹüɫ裬Ÿߺʱʱգգۣߺ۾һڵǹ
ߺǴ˵仰ģҲ˵ĻԭǹӣѲֻںŸҳʲôʸ˵ҵأ
ǣǹĵ񣬸ߺûˣоԼոձƳǶȻȲǰǧ֮һ񶾡
ߺ˵ʵ̲סˣŻŻԱɫ԰ס
һߺݺݵĿǹĵı飬һĸߺĺ󱳡
һĻһߺݺݵ𣿲һһвŮļһҲܽܣ
Ȼ˵ɫҲЩ԰ס
Աߵĺڷûиߺôõûһˣֱµɫˡ

ںѻһ»ʱ򣬸ߺǲǽȻʼ仯ոǳ˵ѷ죬ʼٴεĺù⻬羵
ȻȸոջûдƵĺǽҪӲ
ѻһеɫһɲǼͱˣζƿһʮֵɫʮֵľʡ
ҴӸոǻŭ֮Уʮֵİ·һܹġ
𡭡еĺѻһ嶼ŭˣ̫ˣ̫ˣԼոЦôģֻһˮһա
޶ģѼˡ
ǹҲһɫԭֻЩһｫߺʵķһӣû뵽ֶ˵ĳˡ
ոԼ˵ĻЩ飬¶Ӧ˵̫¶ˣ綼ûԼô¶˰
Ҫñ֪ǻΪЦɾĳΪ˵ˡ
ԼʤȯյģڣոЩǸԼݺݵĳһƣǴİơ
ôģⲻǳѿ𣿰ǹֱðųǹֲϵĲܺѻһʱ
ۡ
һǧ𲻸ŵĿԼؿڣһڹǹѾ˽ȥǹޱ飬ֻɫеڡ
ҸһʱĹǲܹƶԷķô֣Խǿԣ
ǹᵽµÿһֻѻĶ䣬˶ΡΡģ˫۳졣
ǺѻһȻܾöûжԼʵˣΪһľ԰ӵԼĽ
ǽأøߺɱһףѾԼˡ
ٺԼڵϣһɱ¾ǣƱǿλүԼǲĴڡ
˶һĺߺǲЦ̸ɱӰһŭ֮ǧ
ǹǺݶԼ˶֣壬ǲǹˣҪ
ӿʼսڣǺѻһ𣿲ĽйܶԱ
ߺ˵ڣѾķ֮һˣôôְֲ
ٰǧ𣬼ǧǧ𣬼ǧ𣬼ǧǧ
ۺķ֮һǶǿЩ˵ֵܣôڶԷУ׼ûС
ڡȻҪܵ˵ĴȻǱͲˣǿԼϰ
Ҳûа취飬Ͼǹǲ𰡡
󱳵ǸħӰͶ֮лѻһٻܹԼļء
Ƿ𷴻һˣħӰԻὫǳ׵
˵ʹȫ𷴿Ҳܹǹɱʵ̫ǿˡ
Ҫ˵ʵܻڸߺ֮ϣǿľǧиʮ𼶱ǿ֪ˡ
Ҫ˵һҪһѳֵıԲǼһô򵥣ܹɡ
ǸԼƾеǿսҪһ롣
룬ǧһʮ𼶣һֻ߼𼶱һײ֮£߼𼶱пг𻵵Ŀԡ


858 ͻƣ
ߺϵĶߺԼ֮ˣЩͬƹ֮һԼŰĶʼıߺñס
ǶʮֵİԵߺıȻ˺ôĹſԼϵ
һȴøߺľȴõ˺ܴȻٴν뵽Ҿ֮С
ߺ뵽߾֮ҾûжôˣΪǸʱߵľѾﵽʶҵľˡ
Ҿ˵һǺѴﵽ״̬Ҿ統ʱѾʱ֮໥ײˣһ̶ֳȣ˾һûжõġ
ܹһǴ˵е޵֮
ڵĸߺѾʼ֮չˣ֮ǰҾ磬֮ߺҪллǹġࡱ
ҪȸߺʹԼȫʵ֮صǻߺϧȼԼԪˡ
һǼᱻȵ̶ֳȵģҲǣĴˡ
ԣδ֪Σգ޵еӦ
ڵĸߺǣ˵ҪǴ֮صĻвĶڴǿ֮һ˿
˽⵽һǿزǿڣĴͻһ˿ڤڤеĸо
ֻЩǾҪģʹ֪ǰΣգҲҪһġ
ϾֻΣնѣȥȾ˵ߺڽʱҲоԼΣˣѵΪ֪ΣգǾͲýˣ
ǻʲôһΣվߵĳɾҲջֹڴˡ
룬Ǹߺ֪ɽлƫɽеĻôߺڣҲֻһǧѣǸոͻǧ
Բᵽǧĳ̶ȣҶʱ̶ͻƵǧǿߡ
ĻҲֻпӹµһ
ߺɲϣԼǸ磬кܶҪȥкܶߺ᲻ǣҡ
Լĸĸ޶֪Լ£ԼѣһеһУǸߺܹġ
Ȼ˵ߺڵʵȫԻǧ꣬ǽꡣ
ǣڸߺǸʱ꣬ʹҪǸʱ򣬶ǲܵ顣
ǣߺܹԼԪĵزݸߺ֪һ߲ſ顣
һͨߣǷǳǿߣ֮ҲٮٮߵĴڡ
οǸߺܹﵽֿµĳ̶ȣҲǾԲܹŵδġ
Ϊһʱͬһ˵ĴڣҲ˵ͬһʱͬһ˵ĴڣôпһΪʱճܲסǿŤ
ĹʱյĹ涼֮ΪС
ĿǰΪֹܹҲֻֻѣҲֻԿ
ǣҲǲôģΪôʹԪˣټʱն֮ΪУԿпܵġ
ԣʹǵǸʱ򣬾ֻԣһǣԽĸߺûκˡ
ߺͽһֵʱȦӣδĸߺһ۷壬Ȼ˷򣬱ʯ͹ȻԼٻǸʱ
ڶֿܣδǸӤڵĸߺôǰȻѾˣǺأ
ԣߺΨһѡǣʷĳӣԼıʯǿãʱ֮·ȥԼǸʱգһǽԼ͹Ǹʱ
Լٴ֮ǰԼϣôҲҪһʱġ
⴩ʱղͬ·ʲôʱͣʲôʱͣʱʮƿصġ

ڵĸߺֻвϵŬԼʵڵȥϣϣõʯ
ڰմ˵ʱƣûеõʯڸߺҪڹ֮ǰõʯȻһжȻˡ
δԼĹϵȻܺãǲڵĹϵҲôãԼڵʵڹǰ˵ʸûС
Ͼڹȫʢʱڣǿ֮һһЩ𶼲Ƕ֣οˡ
ԣߺΨһʯĿܣڴ˵Уõʯ֮ǰԼȵõ
ҪõʯǴ֮صϢûƥǿǲܵġ
Ҳ˵𣬾ߣڸߺԵõġ

ѻһ忪ʼһֵĶԸߺĲ֮ǽʼҵĹʱǹܲȥˡ
ԼĹǹ׼һߺĲຮ飬Ȼ˾ӶߣŻ
ҲովģߺôҲǷԼĴˣ飬ȻڿʼߺҲʼԼˡ
ǣбףߺȻԼˣһսضŵģһҪʵԤԼһԺѻһʱ򣬾ͻ·硣
пˣԣоԼǺǽƵҲ޹ؽҪ顣
뷨еĺѻһ֪ˣûʲô£֮ǰԼԱô࣬ͷȴǰװ׵ˡ
Լ˵ȴԣԼȻ޹ؽҪﲻ
ʵǹȷʵ뷨Ҫ˵ѻһǾԵǿ󣬸ߺԼʵ޼ڱӡ
Ҫ˵ǹһֱô߶˵Ҳν顣
ؼǣһֱôƣڳѪԭǾԲܳȥѪԭģǿ
˵һˮ
ʵǣǹȴûУȻΪãǱΪɱ
Ҳǹ룬Ҫ
ı֣ȴҲİá
ǣǱߺ֪ߺһЦֹ
ı֣ȻʲôõڼʣһӵпȾǧ
еһЩţܹǿľǧ˺
١ǹ𣡡
ǹһڿռ֮УʼγǹӿȥЩڿ໥ƣȻγһ޴һ㡣
ǹеǹԴͷйǹ̳ʼʧ󻯳һ貵ǹâȻ
ֻһͽǽ飬ȻǹԶԶĶȥһ߶һߴЦҶһأ
˻һǺѻһ徹ȻȫԱǹһͷӲûˣֻıǽٴοʼۣûܳԶȥأ˼ҾѾۺˡ
ǣٻͷٻȥٻͷػؼˣĥǹѾˡ
ҪʱǶºǽȻԼѿˣһǿ󵽼ĺʼ˷̸Ƕ
ǧǿϢʼڿռ֮Ʋ񷡣


859 ˾
ߺȻԼͻƣȴܹʱ޿̵Ĺ۲ΣøߺɵҪӿͻƵĲ
ǽȻǿ󣬵ǸߺԸоһδεƵһδεۣеĲʼı䵭бļ
һΣҲһˣʱ򣬾ʱ̡
Բ֣ûץסһ߻ᣬҲǱˣΪͻʱڵֻҪһͻǣһȫ
ʱض߻ħԱǲ˵õǲܶһֻΪΪޡ
ҿǧһʱ򣬸ߺͻˣҽһǽԼŪˡ
ǸԷͬʱһǾǸߺһ޵еģӸߺʼͻƵڣǶûнߺıǽƵ
ǽԷһ˿ҵ飬ȻеĺѻһѾʼץˡ
ǹѾʼץˣĽʲô°ѲСıԼҪǿô˵޷˵Լ
Լһǧ𣬾ȻһǧõıǽƲ˵ȥҲ̫ˣܶˣضˡǶˡ
ڣǸСһﾹȻͻƶԼ˱Ƶġ
Ȼǵôģʵǣߺǧһ

ߺĮȻĿԼǰĺѹѹһƬĺѻһ壬Լǰǹ˵ʮֵġĮ
٣ӣأҺò˯һݾǣҺСءߺ鼸һ˲䣬Դǵ˵
е˶ͻȻŪˣɵɵĿǰ
ĺڷü۵ģѾߵ޵ˣ޺޵˵ʲôأʲô£⻹кڷأ㵱ɶˣ
ߺպٺһЦظ˵ľľ£ô˵´Ҳһ͸Ҷǰɣ
ŸߺȻ˵˲ɫߺ죬֪ԼҲ˵ˣȻȦס
޺޵Ŀ˸ߺһۣȻ˵ˣڻָԼʵڴ֮ǰҲ˺صˡ
ڷû£ڸߺͬһʵӰӡ
ôǹȥǸץҪǰǹҲ˲ˮˮˣڵѾ챻ߺˡ
ʲôˮ𣬽ʮͬͽܣҲǱɣҲҪ
ò˵һ˷ʮֿµģǹ֣Ѿӽļһ͸ӵĿֲˡ
ǹΪ˲øߺطȻһս磬ߺԱߵĺڷȫС
ǺѻһĳԱʼԴԴϵ֮سȥߺǹţǹһǹؿӡȥ
ǹ𱻱ΣֻȴȻߺһٴνƬӡ
㡭ǹ𿴵龰Ѿȫ˵ˣֻԼ֣ϵĵָߺ
ߺȴʼε˵û취ˣ˭ҪԸҵŮأ򰡣ҪȫˣҾ͡һ
仰ˣֲͬ飬ĶУ޾ڿ໹гЦЦԼǧ𣬾ȻԷõĽƶƲ
ĶУȴ۵ģǸߺĹġ
ߺĿһܣǱǽʮֵĺ䣬ڵȴоһ˿ůڸߺůֲĹġ
ҪأҲԴʶûܹİĸо
ȻöˣԴʶԼʦҲˮ
ǣˮĸоͬһĸоǰˣȴܵǴδе۵ĸо
ԡڴ֮еĻľһֻܹоۣͶ޾Ĺġ
ڵĸߺŵطľȴ治ɫϵϢʼű仯һʼߺʥַ
ȻȻ֮ĸı䣬е˸оڵĸߺƳԼ֮⣬֮ûκ˵Ĵڣ֮䣬Ψһվ
ߺϳ˱һɶصζӸߺϿʼ˷ϯӶȥûһ֪ѵĲо
ڵĸߺƾ˭վԱߣоԼСȻͳһʱռ֮Уȴоôĸ롣
ߺ忪ʼȥǿ޷Ȼٴιƽ
һЩѻһ𣬿ߺ֮󣬾ȻƵȥ˫֮гã
ԼĴڣԼڵӦøʲôԼӦսУǰʧҵˣǵĲˡ
Щҵģ඼һЩǿǧǧǸֵơ
һ̣֮Ψиߺһ˶ѣˣٴˡ
ߺǸ߶֮е죬˲뱯ݵĸо
ƣκζã
˵仰ߺ濴ȥ֮һ˿ı䶼ûУ·֮䱾ǡ
ȻѾҲԼˣǻǾʹȥ𣬶˵õѡˣߺ˵һЩѾʧҵĴھͱ׵ı
Ȼǳ׵ȥˣֻһɲǼ䣬ͻΪıм·ûгֹһ
һ£ʣ˶˹ǰǱݰǲбǲ˵
һ˲䣬Ŀռ䱻һ֮ϣʣĴ󲿷֣Ȼ˶ˡ
ֻʣȼ˻޲ǰǧǧ֮еһ֡
ЩûģȴΪʧңǲûг׵ʧ
Щѻǹֻһ
㲻ˣЩһȷȷȷʵʵķɫȴ
˾磬֮һĴڣʱ֮У֮УʼķΪϵ
һǼӵĴڣҲ˳˵˳£˳ߡ
һ֣ǼΪ䣬£Աߡ
˳ߣһн԰ķ£Ҿ翪ʼǵķʽͬ
ֻҪһνҾ֮󣬾ͱʼˣǸʱ˳ҲһֳνǾҾ硣
Ҳ֪ңУҾ磬ңʹ

һ㣬˾Ǽѵģ˵Ǽʹ𣬶ܹɹ
û뵽ߺ˴ȴɹˣսҲ˴ﵽ˿¿ֲĳ̶ȡ
ΪֹЩѻһǸߺĶˣߺ½ǶѾˣָоǹơ
Լ֪ȫ˸ߺǳ׵ĳȫ˸ߺΪͻǧ𣬾綼Ҿ磬ͻƵڵ˾磬Լôôùأ


860 ưԵһ
ǹߺȻ뵽˾磬Ѿ˳Ϊǧ֮Ѿ⣬лǲԼߺ
Լеǹʮ𼶱ҲǿһƷ𼶱ǿڰ
ţһʮ𼶱ԼǿΪʮֵںѻ֮еһЩʱȫȥˡ
ţĴһһʦǶԷΪֻи߼ߵĻ
ȻǶԷǸһ׵ģǾˣΪÿһһǿʦ൱ʦ
ΪĴѾˣ˵Ѿӽˡ
˵ĳʥǾ֮棬ʥ֮ԣĶҲһЩʦȵġ
ȻҩУǵĴҲһҩʦȵġ
ڸߺǸʱҩʦʦΪĳԵʣѾʧˣڷ䶼ټȵ͸ͬëһĴˡ
ˣʹڷ䣬ʲô书ûʲôʵҲյһЩ⽨׷ģΪǵĴڣʹʿǿӵһ֧ǿľӣһֱÿһϣġ
½ȴѾҪˣΪѾѩռˣҲҪеڶ˵
Ҫ߸ڵͳΣֻǺȫܵģΪͼҩʦֻܹһֻǿߵıš
ڱ֮ڣǿģǸĸߺء
Ȼ֪ڸߺ磬Ǹʱĸߺǿȷľǣû˸оð֮踶ȥǱڡ

ΪԼӵôǿıԼô
ԼıԼ·ϵһնҲǿľȻɾԼ۷ǿߵλá
ǹȻħӰһǿţԼһʵϣûŹԼһ
߶ĴڣԼһССôܾôأ
ֻϧû룬ǶԷ𣬻һָ֮䣬һߴССǧ𣬳Ϊ֮µľǧ
ţǿľǧҲԼĶ֣ǶԷҲһһš
һֱԼΪ鹦Լĸ磬ҲǹȫʵҲ룬ǹȫҲ˾ǧ𣬸˵ھǧ֮гأ
ʵ𣿵㲻룬ȻͻˣԵĿѪԭһľ԰
һգҪߺие־壬ֻһ˿Ҳ㹻ˣΪʹƿڵֻ֮Ҫһ˿־㹻ˡ
̫Сߺ̣Ҳ̫߿ԼIQˣ̾Ӳˡ
ߺмЦһɳ޾ĵĮ᣺һڿ󣬿һҲʵ˰ɣ
ɫ죬תԼͷ­˷ȥɫ˲ͰˣȻԼ뿴龰
ƬܣȻֻǧֻûбϵģû뵽ߺʵȻǿ˹ֻһǧȫ
죬ˣѾʧȥսˡ
ʣµЩ飬¾ǼҲԲǸߺĶˣοЩѻһ˲ٴڡ
ҪǸߺһѻһڵʮȥ߰ˣ¶øߺ֣ͻ̽
һʵǾǺѻһʱ̵ˡ
ڸ߸ߵ֮ϣѪԭգǸħӰƾնվǣ˵
ǿϧһأ֪ôģħӰЦĿ棬Ѿ͸˸ߺһУȻǿƣͿڵĳ
ԱߣȻһϣ˽󣬳Ȩʹס
ߣ㲻Ҫ̫СңôҲһ޶ĴڣΣгһգҪߵѪȾ棡
˵꣬ͳȥˣ˵ˣȻոǾ仰˼ᶨӹɡ
ǺǣˣĪҪһ죬ֻҪҽˮɱҾͰȾأħӰһЦ˵
Ȩٴһ㲻ңȥ˭Ŀһ磬ǾԵ˳ߣ
ħӰЦٴ濴ȥ۾һգգûʲôı䣬ֻ޵һ˿
ĶԻȻܹ˭ȴȷ˵жǿ
һضйأǸħӰȻ˳ߣһﵽߵľ磬ﵽ˿ֲһ硣
֮У쾳м֮֮޵֮֮
֮ҲԴﵽģΪ֮ļ磬Ȼܹ˺ȴջ΢
쾳磬ÿһγУԸ˺ˣǶԴвɹ˺
Ϊֹû˭˵ܹͻƵ֮ģһˮ𣬶ûдﵽ־硣
Ӧģ˳ҲΪ⼸磬֮֮֮һ֮
ħӰǵһﵽһؾģ¾ˮҲǴ˵Ķ֡
ô˵ʵ׵һ֣Ϊӵǿ
ƫҪ۵Ļעڹ˳ߵķȴ˿ɼ

ǹȽϷĵľǣߺȻûнУһֱĿԶЩ˺񶼲У·ûվǰ
ôоǿڸ⵽ô£ǵ֮˳أеĻҲӦûоΣأ
ߺվԭͲǰǹˡ
ߣ̫ˣֻССϣȻܹҵĴڣݵٴε˵
ߺֱ飬ǹܲסˣǳӣߺֵ̫ǣǵļˣվҪ׸ԼӦеĴۣ
˵ţЩѻٵߺķ򼲳۶ȥ·ϣϵѾˡ
ЩѻǺһĵزˣ޵һĳ߶ˣӾȻɱʽĹԱߺĳ׻
䡭
ЩѻʼոճߺڵĵطͳԼ֮еĴ
ĻϢ׵Ľߺûǹǿ浽ô
еĳɢʱսֻʣʮǧĺѻˣѪѻڡ
ڵѪѻҪˣû뵽Լǳһѻһ徹ȻԼˡ
Ȼߺˣѻһǳ׵ûˡ
һﻹڱݵ֮УߺĿеϢ֮д˵ˡ
ߣѪԫһһҿվûдڵıҪˣ


861 
ߺвûҪʲôİæû˭ܹʸвǰҲûеܹﵽ˰æĵز
ǰǧѻһ壬ȻǿҲ٣˶ʾ
ǶԸߺֻ߹ѣͲһ
ڶԸߺ˵Ҫǰվǹʵмְս֮Ͼڸߺǧʱƴȫ˳Ľ֮
ڸߺǧˣҳɹĽ뵽˾磬䲻ܹ꣬ɳǿʵߺݳɾͲ˵Ƕһ޶Ҳǿ˸ˡ
øߺӡΪ̵ľĸҹӵĹʳǹˣȻôǹ⣬ȴ˸ߺʵ⻪
ǹĺɫëɵǹӧӵǵĸоߺסҡҷ
ָоԴγ˱֮ĺ󣬻ǵһθоأʹǵǿǹ񶼼Ӳʯ
˵ʲôһǹȻӵб˻Ҫǿҿǹû飬ȻĻʱͲǹǹˡ
ǹҵ뵽ǹӵ飬ԿԳΪ֪ΪЦΪԺǧ֮еŻ⡣
˵ҪǻһѽҲаǼˡ
ڿɺˣǹˣǲ͵˵ǹǸ
ǹĲ֪ǿǹ飬ǹǺѻꡣ
ǸħӰѻǹʱѾѻ꣬ӲĴǹУΪǹ顣
ֻҪǹɳһĽ׶Σﵽܹ²ǵʱǾĳΪǹˡ
ֻǹ֪ħӰҲû
ڵǹҲֻһСѣħӰʼֱӶԻǿڣ֪Էǿһʲôĵز
ߺһߵĿǹٺЦһ߲ϵػۣںѻһɱɱ޾֮
ûκһѻһǸߺһ֮Уһ֮£Էضڸߺ¡
ѪѻĳΪѪѻʵΪһǺɫëˣѪȾɵë
ϵзɶɣѰŻܸߺһδεľԮ
ƫƫߺȴͲô׵ķŹĥһ㣬һν棬ߺֻԼĲڶԷһ˺ۡ
ΪвĴڣ˿ɲ޸Ȼô޸ˡ
ÿθ֮ڲ֮£˿ھͻٴεѿܶʼѪѻϵ˺ѪԽԽˣѾʼˡ
ѪѻɤӶЩ˻ˣ˻ţ֮еҪþˡ
ϵؾԮ֮УľȻ֮еĵʮֿ죬ڣѾʣ޼ˡ
ֻǣڼֲиĵԮߺϣܹߺһΡ
ƾߺȥôѻһûдڵıҪˣԼһȫˡ
ڣѪѻ֪Լǵһʲô̬ĴڣҲ֪Լʲôˡ
ӸոոߺʼһֱԱԹۣûжһ¡
ȴ˸ո֮ǰǱֳ־壬˿ûκβֽȻ෴ǹϵõ˺ܴ֡
ڣѻһĴԽԽˣģʱȥʮ죬ʮ֮УѪѻѾ챻ĥˡ
һ˴ԼǰȥԼȴΪָоӽ
ֻǣǻһѻһڵĻѪѻͻзܶȥϣֻգϣڱߺˡ
ʮ죬ߺɱ¾ѻʮʱ䣬ڽЩǧܹսһȫɱˡ
θߺûһȫѡһɱ򻹲̫֮
ڣߺ֮Ѿˣڣܹʱصͷųˡ
֮Уûжԭվʮʮҹһָͷûжо紵ǰܹ½ǻ˿֡
Զʯһ㣬ƾ级ˣᶯһһ
ڣʣѪѻ̱ڸߺǰճմĿǰ֮Ѿûκεɫ
ôأǺѻһˣܰǿǰһİ˭Υǣ
˵ţѪѻȻӵĿȻޣͬһСӣʧȥԼһʧȥԼһֱҪػĶ
ǿģᣬֱͬס
ߺǲҶвû˿Ĳǿǧ𰡣Ȼ壬Ҳһ鰡
ֻϧվ˶ӣվ˸ߺĶȥ
Щ飬ˣҪΪԼĴ򵥡
ߺ˿ɣǴʱ˿̣Լٵ棬ֻݻһ£Լʧ߶ѡ
Ǹʱ򣬼ʹߺ޵ģΪίԷҲԲ֣һ̵ķɱԼ
ڵĸߺĹģҲԲаĴ񾡣Լĵˣʹǻ磬ߺֶа˿ԥ
Ϊ֪һԼһԥͲ֪жٱʡ
ͱ˵ڣߺոҪɱǰѪѻһ˹ʳǹ͸Ѫѻضˡ
ѪѻãȻĿһԼţϤǹ⡣
ǹİΪǹĳ֣Լ˷ԼѻһʹʧҲԼ˶
ǣԼǹ֮£ⲻò˵һ̣һķ̡
ԼΪǹ˵Ѫ飬Լȫȫ𣬶ԼҲǹ֮¡
Ѫѻ˶棬ûԹ˭ֻǵĿԼؿϵǹ̾һһֻ̾صʮǰ
磬ˣԴߺĺ㣬ֵҲһЩûһȾˣ
ڹû㱨ɣܵȥ磬Ȫ·ϣ׷㣡
ȫ嶼ˣͨʹĽѵ֪ˣҲһͳϣ

ΪʲôҪɱߺɫһӾͺˡ
ǶΪоʵϢȻøߺһΣС
оոոߺܲأߺϢһ¾ȫǣĿ顣
ɱսѡ
黺ĽǹѪ罦ϣ龹Ȼ̵Լͷһ£ٺٵЦ
ǹȻһǹԼţ͸ضвѪ˵ң
߱ɱ֣


ǹĻԽ˵Խ죬ֻʣµļ֮֮û˵ˡ
ǹϵϢߺϵϢȻȻ෴ȻҲϢ˸оǣûһ˿С
֮ߺɫˡ


862 ͨ
ԷȻﵽ֮׵ն壬ԼɱԼĸ׶ܺɱˣܹʲôز
Ե飬ν˳ҲߣֻΥԸ飬ᰴԼԸȥ¡
ԣܹ֮Ϊ˳߻ߵĴк٣ֻһɶѡ
ΪȻᰴԼԸȥ£ǣļҲһЩ
ÿһԼʵľٶһЩѣή׽١
У˳ߣͷֻҪ;Ի
˳ߵֲΪʵ̫ˣ죬ֻҪ˳ߣͻһ
˳ߵȻ߶ܶ࣬ǣϾҪҪĵزвһҲ͵һЩ˳ߣҲܹﵽҾ硣
֮󣬾ȫ޷ɾ˾ˡ
Ҫǰ˳ߵĻȷģΪֻŲΪһЩ˽ľ䡣
ֻһ˲Ÿӿ£ΪǵвеĴڣӵĲп飬ֻҪܹܵˣǾͻ伫һĵߡ
ߺȻҲ伫ܹ黹еߵģ˵һѻĻͶ˵һѡ
оֻһĻߺҲ漰ˣǵ˵ļ˿ʼͨ˵ĻԲöԷļΪв
޵ı飬ߣ£ԼԸ£ңߵıʡ

㲻Ȼﵽ˾磡ߺ˫΢УڲĿ˵ıˣԴͻƵ˾ǧߺǵһ¶ֱ顣
ʮ֮УߺһֱƣΪζãҲˡ
ڿʼԼǰǹˣڵǹǰʵ˵Ļȸߺôһߡ
Ͼ˶ͬһ֮Уһǵڶ磬Ϊ⣬ԷǾǧ𣬶Լֻһǧ
СȽףߺ޴ԷӵеĿǿʮ𼶱
ڸߺȶԷǿģֻˣ벻棬ǿԻ˵Ϊõǿԣ˵ֻ⼸㣬ΪߺΪȱֲ˲١
ۺȻǹȸߺǿ󣬵ǸߺҲûһս֮
ңңԣ˭ûȶ֣˭Ҳû˵۾һգգġ
ʱҪ˭Ϣһͻᱻǣߣ¶һʱ䣬˭Ҳж֡
ƾնվ˺ܳʱ䣬ߺҲȴ˺ܳʱ䣬ߺû뵽ǣԷڵԾȻôǿôʱ侹Ȼסûж֡
ȥǰ취ȻħӰڻûг֣ǣǹһǶԷӣǵȴȥ֪ԷʲôʱһҾΣˣ
ߺкǽ뵽ʵ̫Σˣ͵Լıʱһըһ֪ʲôʱ졣
һǾǳ׵Ҫˣʱߺ֪ôġ
ԣڵĸߺѾʼﻮ·ˣ漴ߺļͷȻһȫ˲ˡ
һ̾ͳһ˲䶯ˣֻһգۣ˸ߺǰǹѾʼߺļͷȥ
ڸߺ֮ϣǸߺ֣ն
ֻϧֻǸߺȥһ֮ȻƸߺֱ۾Ҫˣǣʵߺк֡
ԷǹҪߺʱ򣬵ʱǹһͻὫߺֱɡ
ǣߺļͷȻȥӲĽߺֱ۶ˣֱ
ǹһǹʹ̿ˣԷߺߺֻõֺȻ̧𣬶ŶԷؿھһʮɵĻԷؿӡȥ
ءһ죬Ӱʱ죬浹ɶȥ
ߺ˫һѸٵۣһ˺ǹȻŶԷǹ
ոգԷǹŸߺߺһѪʺѪ
ߺҲһ˿ѪֻߺǿбԼ죬ŬԼ
뵽Է֮еǹߺõģ³Ȼ֮Զǵȷǹ
鱾ˣߺһǻĹѾ֮ػˡ
ڵȫԼ֮еıΪĴڣ˱ꡣ
üëӻͷϹ˱˪ȫµë֮У͸һ˿˿ĺڿٵԼ֮Ű
ǻƻ֮еҿٵԺƶȥ
ǹҪľǽǻ׵ĵֵԼԺ֮⣬ȻĻͻ᳹׵
ԣڵûа취ܸߺǹǸߺǹ̽Żͷ­ǶԷһѹ
ϾΣҪģһѹסߺĻ˺ƴ
Ļ͵òʧˡ
ԸߺȥֱȥһԷҪȽܹвԼĻȫȥ
ȻԸ˺ֻˣߺıӵſִ
ֻһǹͳ״͸˶Էļ򣬳ǹ˳һĲҽУͳ׵ĽԷֱжȥ
ʱǹĻҲѾ׵ȥˣǹʵû뵽ԼȻһ䲻Сϡ
ɶǣԼǹǷǳǿģǣȴûзκεãΨһһǹҲԷüƶ˹ȥ
ɶ񣡡ɫ˲ԸߺĺѾﵽһˣѾչΪħٴθһˣȫ˶Է֮С
Ӵ֮󣬸ߺͻȫĳΪħʱ䣬ߺĽԼֱȻڲ֮£ߺ忪ʼ
ļûܵԷǹĹԸͲʲôָҲǳĿ졣
ֻǼĹ򣬸ߺļͳ׵ĻָˣǹյĿֱ죬ȻһǹԼļȥ
ۡ
Ѫ˳ǹ͸Ĺͷȥˡ
̣ǹ۾ûգһգƾǹ⽫ԼĹͷ̴Ƹ͸оѡ
Сӣվڡǹʼ˻ţ쳹Բ
ߺûԷһӿռ֮óĵɲʯʮķһʵš
գʵ鵽һٶʱռ俪ʼǿҵŤ
ǿʯͷȻĲɫķĩڵϵĹ̶λϣȻռ俪ʼǿҵĲ
ЩʯĩʼҫȻֹͣ˸һֱɢŹâʲôҪ֮һ
ߺȻʶΣգ̹棬ȻֻצƵָ׺ܳɿݵָצ͸ģ״˸ɲ


863 ڰ޳
Ĺߺ۾Ȼ͹˳Ȼ֮ţǴûп֮ŵİ
ǿĹצߺʱҲֻߣȻеǵĹǿǵĵȷȷˡ
ڰ޳ʥߵĴڣǸߺһμ֮ŵʱ򿴵ġ
û뵽ٴŪ֮ţȻŪĶ
Щ֣֮࣬ץʲô֮Уһ˿˿εȻЩɫĹץסǰ͸֮гȥ
ǲҵɫȻ˰ָ֣һƤɫƤת䡣
ĴڣҲԽԽֱ˳һʼֻһֻɫĹ֣ȻС۶˵֮⡣
ڿкҵĻţһ˿˿ۿɼٶȣǰعۡ
ģԷٴŤԼȻѾصˣȻֻǰأǸߺԾܹܵԷǿ
Ȼ󲿷ֶһģȻڶԸߺͲʲô
ǣЩʵԿֲٶţȻܿľʹһ˱ľ硣
ЩҲǱȽϿģݸɿݣ޶⡣
ЩС֮ȻΪܹѰǵߣǳ룡ڸߺоʱһϸ֮ð
üڲϵʮֵĴ̶ңߺ̼ģȻƤ񶼳ˡ
ֱܲˡ
ߺûжأһȫɫӰƮĳڵ֮ˣߺϸ濴ȥԷȻûнš
յİɫۣôĴԭƯţɫòҰˣֱͬðɫ۸һ
˫۴ͨ죬Ѫһ
ͷǺɫģֻЩ̫ˣЩͷŵµĺҹ֮У޷ֶԷͷ
ֻ·ĶԱȣµİֽûô׵ġ
ͷϴŵǰɫñӣȻ߸ߣǼⳤġ
۵ĻͷԷſ˵ʺɫͷȻֲ߳Լ·ص򶯡
ңԷϵϢȻһǧֳһ˰ɫĴɫײƮš
Щ׶ĹȫɫĹͬèһŵɪɪ
ԷҲ־ͽеĴԷϳȥЩ̣ڶԷ鶯һ´֮£Ȼ㶼ܲˡ
ѩ׵鲼ûЩ壬Щһ˲Ļɢˡ
ǡǸɫĹӰɿݵЦţЩ֪ļһȻٳͣΪǳص𣿡
ڸߺҪǰ˵ʱһ䵽µٴδ֮´
ϰףǳģȻǵظϣοڤͨˣҪǽĪҪĩð
䵽һĳ̶ˣͨĺ䣬רġ
⺮ߺǲİ˵ָƣΪǿŵĺһɾԼڵΪġ
Ȼ˵ǸʱļĺѾͬڵˣǣرԭ֮еĵڵĵȴһޡ
ԣֺ⣬ߺûʲôرķӦ
ֻǺڷͲͬˣǸ֮󣬾Ȼ˶һ£⣬ϿʼĽһ㺮
ߺֻԲһ£ڷܵʹѾˣˡ
ǶԷһ仰ѰԿԷʵ֮ǿΪ˼ǰӰҲǲµġ
Ǹ˳ʱ򣬸ߺǾһ
˵Ĵǰǡ෴ߵϣܹϳֻͷȴѩɫģӵԷɫͬ
һ߳ʺͷɫĴɫǡ෴ֱǰӰһޡ
˵ɫ·ǰͬǱ˳ֵܣҲǺġ
ߺԻӶһԼۣͽڷϵĺȫԼ֮С
Էĵ֮ʮֵǿ󣬸ߺֻ˺ڷϸŵĵ͸оԼոĵָɡ
ҪƽʱЩΪǻָʮģҲδؾָܻϡ
ˮȻвͬЧˣֻٶȱǴв硣
סǸµĹǡÿһ
Ҫ˵ֵܶĹǹרģ£Ҫ˵һˡ
ոոߺǺʱ򣬾Ȼֻһ־ȫˡ
ݳɾֵĿֲֽνس֮ͷһ⡣
˶ܹĺôʲôڵıҪأʲôأ˵ͱƽˡ
㵽˭Ȼӵǵڰ޳ͬʱʧɫĸе־ˡ
ߺҲˣڵĵ֮ǰĵȻͬ
֮ǰĵҲֻʥ߶ѣڵĺڰ޳ȻǾǧ𣬶ǹޡ
ڸߺǸʱ֮Уڰ޳ߣҵ֮д඼ߣǺٵģߺľĹһ塣
мĵĹһֻûпôĹޣȻǿֿµĵزĹޡ
ڸߺڶˣԼһε֮У֮еô򵥡
֮еǿڣкܶࡣ
ߺûɵȥвԼǰޣȻԼÿǵ
ߺĵ֮ѾתĴˣοߺרŶԸ޵ĵۣ֮ڸߺǰв̶ȲԱߵǹ
ǣڸߺҪ˽֮УһǵϣһЩڵ顣
ȻڵĵĵͬôһҪ˲ǣοԷޣǧأ
Ա߻һǹڻ񣬸ߺʹԸҲԲǧս
ʹҪսߺҲѡط
޲ûиߺǿǹ硣
ϾԷеĴֻǾż𼶱ԶԶǹеĹǹ
˵֮ţȥߺֱͦ䵭
ڰ޳´һ¸ߺϵϢȻϸĸһ£˷ȥ
Щ˵԰ոôо޺˵ϢأʮֵĴʮ޶£
ǻǷ鿴ˣΪƾǾǧĳ̶ȣԲﶼˣֻиߺһϵϢӽѡ
ðɣɣ޳Ǽ
ߺƿǲǽ˳ɲĽԼ⣬ڵǹѾ׵ˣôΪԷˮͽܾͷŹأ
Ѿ׵ķˡ


864 ʮ
ߺڰ޳λҪߵʱǹȻˣֻʣһֱۣסǸ˹ǹѸٵߺؿڴȥ
ٶȿģȻ磬ֻһգ۾ʧڸߺ˵ǰʧһ˲䣬Ѿߺǰ
еĹǹҲߺǹȻһ磬֮ߺͷ­
ǹҲڰ޳ڰ޳Ȼǿ󣬵ǵһͨľǧ
еıҲ飬˵黹Ĳ¶Էڰ޳
Ҳ˵ͨľǧ޵ˣ˾磬Լе˾ż𼶱ǹ
Ҳߺֱ̬ǧܹһߣͲ˭
һǹڻǹȫʵͨҪֵȴǧѡ
ߺҲһոҪֵֵóˣԼߵλڰ޳ʵҲġ
û룬Ͳøߺ֣ڰ޳׷˫һͬȡ
ԭߺԮģϾҪĴ죬Լôأ
ûȸߺԮеĴʹԼȫһ£һһγĶԱȡ
ڰоȻںһγһڰ㡣
ߺԸһǹɫ䣬ов룬жǿ
ǹͷųߺоκεĿ־Уȴøߺоʲôǿ־塣
ߺţ˵ʵں𣬶ܹ׵ĵֵ
䡭ֻһ£ʮ𼶹ǹͱ׵ɳȥǹ̲ס³һѪ
֮󣬿ֲԲǺùȻҷǵĽǻòͷˣ
˵꣬һŸߺǲɫ֮гȥ
ţһ죬һȫҵУһΣǹûȥ׷ߺ֪ԼԲһĶ֡
Ĺศɵģһ𹥻ȻԽ˾ǧĳ̶ȡ
ҿոԼûг֣ҪȻĻĲ֪Լôġߺаҡ
ץŸߺˣǸ³ȥߺ͸оԼĽŸߺץţݺݵקȥ
ߺоԼһƬҵ֮ͨУһҵɫӸߺߵˡ
ЩҵĹâӸߺϻڸߺϾ̳һ˿ڡ
ߺ𺳣Щ֮УȻ̺ŵ֮ܵ⣬ߺæץסǱϸС֡
һֻ֣ҲܲԸץס˺ڷ֣ϵתԷ֮еһ˿˿֮ϢȫԼ֮С
ߺץסԼС֣һҡҷоԼ
ߺûԷ˼Ϊڱ޴ϲðΧţЩ֮ϢǶ˵ȷģոս뵽еʱǸоԼ꾹ȻƮȥ
ʲôǿ˺Լꡣ
ֻ֪ҪԼƮԼ壬ˣԼԺҲֻܹˡ
û뵽ձߺסָ֣оʧһɶ
ɴˣ˶Ըߺݾ͸ӵĺˡ
ԸߺΪĻǺڰ޳λԴӽ֮Ǵûаߺʲô
ҲǵְڣĴҪ꣬Ҫޡ
ÿһνˣǶܶԷ뵽֮Ͳˡ
ţԼ̫ǿԼҲñʲôˣǸˣԺԼĵͻֳһǿĹޣߡ
Ե˵Ǻ£ͻǿ
һֱԱߣҪߺ˵ЦǣһĻȴʹ˴۾
ʲôνı𵽵Ĵڣ̺ܹ֮ںϣǵǿ⡣
ΪһЩߣҲĴܹѹԼⲢ֣ǣܵĿĵ
ʮִĵڵ֮УҲֻǼ߸ϵߣĵ
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ߺȻһ𣬸оԼվʵˡ
ԼĽŲϣȻץţ֮ͨУߺǿΪͨǣĿĵ֮󣬾Ȼץš
ûôˣߺһŷ֣ԼĽ¾Ȼмֻ͸ĲɫݺݵץסԼĽŻ
ɶȥߺ˫һɣŭ
ֻ΢΢һ𣬾ͽЩץסŻĹצסˣһȫɢ
ɢϵĻɢˣΪЩ˴ϵһ飬ȻˣǾϵˡ
ߺԵĺЩһ֮еսϻ
̧ȥȻ֮ǰĵͬӦ˵ͬӦ˵ȫͬ
֮жӵŻɫ壬пռ䣬Ȼû̫Եʮֵȴ˿˿ĹâҲ֪ǹâôġ
߰ɣȻˣԺʱΪ֮еһԱˣҪȥ¼ǵϢǾͻһֿϢˣ
ڰ޳Ϊߺ˽ʲôߺνţڵǲô⣬ʲôĵ
еǿߴԼж٣صħһ壬ǲħ֮еĶأ
Ȼս겻˥ܣеǿӦòٲǣǿߡ
ңǰλֻǹѣѾӵоǧΪ𶼿һС
Ĺְжǿأ
ڣߺЩڴŵ֮еĹˡ
ȨʮֵͳһͬһǷΪݳۣȨͳһ
һţߺһߴ֮е
Уߺ֪ˣһǿȺš
Ǳħһ壬ħһ峤Ҳĵ֮ǱҲǹ
ߺһԭǰڵ֮ôĴڰԼǰʱզûأħһ壿ƨȫԼͽʲôİɣʲô
Ϊʮ򣬱ʮħһĿִơ
ʮʮޣƺֱعε̩ɽƽת
УǿعʵģתΪת֮ĵڶʯͷתʯ
ߺڵλã
һ·ϣߺ˽⵽ٵĶ˵ʮޣǹͽܣʮһﶼ
ʮ֮£ִйٺִɱ¾ʦְλȫǿߵΪ


865 ֶӣ
ÿһʮޣֻһй٣һʦְֹ󲿷Ӧ߶ǿߵΡ
ʮ޲ͬǣǶǹޡ
֮Уȴħһ壬õɲʯߣǹ¡
ڹҲǿߣֻйʦְλͲ̫ˡ
֮ǹ֮޵ΣȻǹ
ܹģǶһЩǿǧ𵽾ǧˡ
ȴʦ£Ҳսӡ
йٵ£Ǽ򵥶ˣͬһλʵĹ࣬ԹıԹʿԹ
˵ȫͬ
ȻҲͬˣйһߣֻǹıߣͳʣߵȡ
Ҳǰڰ޳Ĺ
ʦһȫͬˣȫѪսһĹô˵أ첻Ϸ͵ģŰɡ

ߺͲںԱߵĿֲ龰Щ·ߵ꣬һЩȱ첲ȵģЩֻʣϰأЩֻʣ°ء
һЩͷ­ûУֻʶ֮Ʈš
ĺˮȫѪɫģһţͻо̱ǵζ̼
Ǻˮ֮оȻѪˮԭΪЩˮֻΪǺɫģԿǺɫġ
û뵽ȻѪ̲ס԰оθһķ
ߺĺöģʲôʱ簡˽Ҳ԰̫־壬˫̲סץסߺǲǺܴ׳ĸ첲ץš
Ȼ˵ǧ𣬵ףҲֻŮ˶ѣǰ־󣬼ֱǲܡ
ߺȴûʲôӦһ·ϵгС
ʱ֪ΪʲôôƵˣһй׷ɱһЩ»Ұ
׷ȥͶһĿҿеֱñ߰˶Σеȫͬһһѡ
ڹ֮УʺɫͬѪһҺ壬Ǻˮ֮гȥ
ڰ޳˵Щ˼ʱȻʵߣȴĴ״֮ˣаŮ޶
ղ̶ͬȣܵĳͷȻҲǲͬġ
һЩֻ꣬ȥұۣˣЩǿȥ˫ȣҲˡ
Լǰڰ޳˵ЩһһǷˣΪĳӦôĲ̡
Ӧǽʮ˲֮У̶ܲͬȵʹ
ʲôȵȵģеɽ𺣣ۣըȵȡ
ߺͷ󺹣ֲôߵأԭӰܻһȽȷѡء
ģߺǰڳһ޴ĳǳأǳضԻɫʯģɫУԶϸķֲء
һ·ϣߺ֣Լǰ·һݾȻǺܵ͡
кܶڰ޳ǵԱ߹ĸ񣬴ģһһģһ
ߺĴ󺹣⵽ļ̥Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ֻΪԼֹ³ΪӵģԭҲֻͨĹޡ
ڣߺʼӽǸ޴ĳǳˣǸ޴ĳţȻа׸ߴ󣬿Ҳǰס
ֻǹʵ̫ˣôĳţܹоӵĦࡣ
ӽʱĹԾķֳһ·
ڸߺʱ򣬺ȻȺ֮Ĺ˽۷׷ס
ߺЩ֣ѲΪԼ̫˧ˣЩһĽΪ̫ƯˣٲȻΪԼࡣ
ûȸߺ޳ܵȷԼĴ𰸣ڳǽͷһĺŽǵ·ڿһ
Ž֮ЩȻͬԼһԱ߷ӿȥһͻڷ
Ҳһ䣬Ա߷ɱȥ
ߺ֪̾ˣͲԼԭȻЩź֪ʲôԭ򣬵ڹηĹæԱ߶ȥ
Ҳ֪ڲʱԼ·мţ˵ʲôʱΣվͻء
ԣҲӰһ߷ɱȥ
ʱڿԵʣոն㵽һߵʱ򣬾˿սĵ
ͬϵףǣߺоԼ֮Уо𶯣꾹Ȼ΢΢𶯡
ţһӶŰ׹Ȼʼ޼ɵĴӳзɱǵסĹ꣬һ⣬ȫ̤Ļɢ
Щ䣬Щ겢ǺĲѡ
ڳǽ֮λãźɫս׵Ĺֻ꣬ЩΪǺǿ󣬶ҷҲ̫Զˡ
ոգڳܳȥĹΪЩֻ꣬ǲߵľ磬һһضѰǺüصĲࡣ
ֻЩǵĹȴǷǳģԼ֮ޣոգܳȥĹֻٶѡ
һ򱶣ʵȻģ˵ʿֻǳһ϶ܹ׵ĽԷٹȫ
ԷĴ֮Удһ޴ġ֡
мһ޴սϣ۵ˣƾֻü֮Щ
ڵ£ҲҪʵۣûֹܹңʹĵҲ޷ֹң
˿ԼµӴĶ飬кɣľӰٿǿˣԼֻҪѹȥͿȫԷĶȫ
ֻֻǴһ˵ɫ˲ʹˣԷ񣬿ٵĽԼߵıȫ
ԷҲûпΣΪԼıӮˡ
û뵽Լܵôңʿû飬ֻǼӵĹ򣬾ͽЩȫȫĻɢ
갡ߺЩ˵˵ǲпᰡôûˣ
ڷ亹εĿ˸ߺһۣвɵ뵽үɱɲЩٰ
˼һηɢֻһһѡ
ǰλƱ˵Ĵүʱ򣬻ɱ˼ǧء
ЩҲЩϣЩٶǧϵǧ𰡡
ڣڷԼүжô޳ˣȫֻݹٷŻ𣬲ðյƵ޳֮˰
Ҳǰ˸ߺһۣҲ벻ôô޳أƤѲѾﵽͭǽڵĳ̶
ʲô飿ߺڷǱӵı飬̲סôԼĴŭ
һ󺮲˷ɢȥоųɾŵ꣬һŭУȫ˱
ڸߺ˵ʱһȻ𣺡ףеˮԪϢңˮԪһ˿ϢôĴ⣬ôϤѲɣֶӣ


866 һ
Ǹ֮󣬸ߺҲΪͲΪǶԼ˵ԼֻһǾǻδ֮ĸ߽ˡ
ģߺĴûϹ壬˵ȥ֮ˣӲˡ
ԣ˵ĸпɨزȵȵ
ȴϣ˵Żǰһһȫ۵˧˳ǰ
ڶԷУ،^⣬ߺһ𵴣Ĵû˱
Լı뵽һеڴӸϱߺĴ
ߺһæתԼʹԼȥԷֵ˫
ոڸ˵𣿡ߺоԷڿԼЩƵ˵
˵øߺоʮֵĶ죬ֻЩͬһֱ벻
̧ͷɣѹٱĴˣ˵˸ߺĶ䡣
ߺһ£̧ͷȥȻ˵֮ǰһˣͨһոշĸһ㡣
ڸߺԷʱ򣬶ԷҲڴߺȻǾȻǸϼһĶӣ尡
ߺоԷǿҲöԷôԵĿԷиַ
û뵽ԼԷ뷨ûأԷͿʼԼֶӣռ˵ķʽҲ̫޳˰ɡ
үүߺһɣŭ

˳ֵʱеĹǹסҴһ¡
Ǹ˵ʱеĹ𺳾𺳡
ߺȻ֪˭ǿ֪ǰڵһôǿ̬Ĵڰ
Էֶӣǡʮ޵ġ
ߺԷĶԻĿ࣬оԼӶе㷴Ӧˡ
Ǿ仰еĹһأʲô˰Ȼô˵ǰǸΰĴڡ
үүû˸ô˵
ûǰˣȨߣһ޶ľ
Ȼߺûʶ飬˴۵Сء
ǣôˣû˸˵ԼүүСӵϵҲûĵɡ
ߺǣӣΪ˾ܹ˱˰Ӿǲռұˣ㲻˵Ӿүү
ЩΣ˴۵СۣҪȰȰĵΪߺġ
Ĳ˵˵ǰһɲʲôƲ磬ոնԷϢܵĹȫһûġ
ټЩһŵ֪ǰǸ˷ֶȻһǳǿĴڣ˵ʮеһأ
ȻߺʵҲǲˣ߻Զ˵Ǵ˵У𾳽ʮأ
ĳ˳ߺ½ǣ˼еһͷ
ߺȴȫȻˣȻеʱԱԼǿģҲ͹ͷڣߺȴͷˡ
ǸʱֻǸߺļƲ߶ѣʱͷڶԷɵʱһɱԷ
ڣԷʵȻǵͷܹɱģʹǶԷɣԼĹԼҲ޷˺Է
ȻĻǻȻȥҲѾˣͲٵۡ
һֽǰ˵ԽԽΣգ˵Щʲô
ȴһԼʦߵʱԼ˵һЩĲ뵽˵ԼǵݽΪʦϹЩ飡
뵽⣬ҲʲôˣѿڶǰϢŭ𣬼ʦ˵ǵʺһ¹𣬲֪ܴܲȥ
Ĺʮֵƣû뵽ձһС׵ĴˣԼ۵С۵Ŀ˰죬Ȼ˿
ȻԱǸŮԼ˵һԼ飬뵱ȻľתԼͷȥߺǸ¿
ǣոתͷߺ̿ʼЦӮˣҮ
Դϳּߣû뵽ԼһСһӣȻˣʲô°
֮УҲֻˮƤڶ֮Լʰ·硣
һΣ˫˼ǧ갡ڽʲô£ڲСʱʱ֮УԼˣ
һ£ԼΪʲôҪնԷ˵ȥأΪʲôȷԼʧأԼҪһ£СŮʦԼǲʶ
εҡҡͷô꣬û뵽ľεĴƣһǲˮ𰡣ȻǸһﱰ޳ܣӲҪǴǴƱ˵ľδ˴ƹľ
ָоùЩ֣Ըߺʱָоܵˮһĸо
εҡҡͷЦǸһĸµӰûȫı
ǰǹĿ£оһ飬ʱˮԼǸʹ
ָоˮҲˣԼղ˼ıڶԷ޳֮УթһɶȰ׿ˮɾ
뵽ɵҧгݵİһɶ񣡡תͷŭʵʦ˭
˵ĶȻǸո˵ԼʦĪŭŪһ㶣ʵڲǺףǰһΪʲôôϲŭ޳أ
ϧû˸Ϊʲô˵ǹˣʮ֮еһʦй٣ܹǵġ
ʦˮС˵һܺͣһ߿ԷɫΪϡǵãԼʦ˵仰ʱЦĺ
ȻҲܿģǵȷǺ
һԼʦ¶Цݣ֤˵ùˣǵ˴ù
ˮ𡭡ȻϣԼո˵֣Էͼ˵ߴ˰ٷֱæԼԪסԼȫ
ԼˣΪֱ̫ˣĹ꣬ɢ
ڳЩл꣬ѾһЩʼɢˡ
ûŹţһĴۣЩһڿˮʮּѵ˵
ߺڵģ̱Ӱڸʲôô˵ҵţôŻҿɸƴ
˵ţߺߣ첲ӣһå
ߺåʶһ£Ȼɫ࣬뵽ʲôɫɷס
ôıֱּ̫ʧˣеĹ궼㶵뵽Ǵʲôë˵ͺ£
ڣѾЩţԺźλˣǲҪıһ̬˰
ԺҲȷйı̬ȣֻ³ȴʮֵңȫǻɢ
֮ǾˣԭҪԭ̬ȣˡ
סģҰŵĸˣĵûʲôرҪ󣡡ߺֺ˵
˰֣˰ˣǷǸһİɣãӽعµһҵƣСһǰȥɣ


867 ݵ
Ÿߺæ˫ֳǰӭӹеƣƸߺ֪˿ʮġ
ǹĹֻҪƣ˵ǵˣʮǰ˵һҲǲܵġ
룬ڸߺŲǧΪȴһĹĪߡ
ǣֻҪ֣ôһⶼûС
ֻǲܵʮޣµԱ󽫡й٣ʦβܹƾƣĶԡ
ְλеʮޣֻǹȴ֮⣬ӵйá
ʦй٣ʮ޵ţʮԼģҲڹķΧ֮С
ǳأعĴӳǳأ⼸䣬һֱסع
ոߺ룬˵õʯȻ֪ôʧˣǣڵĵطϾкܴĿܣʯĴڡ
ߺôûϳأԴӸոտʼ˵ʱ򣬾Ѿϳǹˡ
ֻǸʱܵȻʱ²ȥ²̨ԼҲˡ
Ҳֻг׵ȥܹܱסԼ
˵ǰ𿴵Լʱ˵ԼǰЩԨԴݳֵܣߺ룬ԷԲԼô
ϻ𱳺ˮϵԷȻգҲԲɱԼˡ
һֱȥԼĿҲܹﵽ
ԣڰ޳ʱ򣬸ߺֻƳһۣû⡣
ǲҲضһЩ֮ģȻûнԼǾ֤ԷǺŵùԼ
˵ԼոնåȫţֻҪƵߺУƬعԺԻһƬѪȷ硣
Ĳ˵زıȶһᱻһϴһա
ҪǸߺһųˣҲԲŹִƱȨʵȱ
ޱȨĹıѣֻǹ
ǣڿߺıȻʵǷȱԼǸͽܻġ
һҲֲˣ˿ʵҲǲ
Ȼ֮Уʮ޵ĵطʵЩǺæ֮еһЩƽҵ飬Щȴıֻ֪ɱ¾ЩıļƲߡ
ڣߺԲˣ˼ܣţûйıƾŸߺԼĴǣҲСʧѾɱ
оԼʮֵӢԼĴϹЦʱȴ֪ߺеĿģȴǰΪѰ֮еʯ
ǹ֪˸ߺ㣬᲻ᱻѪأ
ѪѪǲǺȷȷǣһǳơ
ڰ޳λСźλڶȨ˽аˣҲǸߺ
֮Уʮ֪ˮ֮⣬û˸ô͹а塣
ǸڽаĻǿǹȻսȨԲк³ġ
ǰλүаˣһˣһûܵܵ˼ν
ǿǱ߳Ƚ׵ĴڰⶼʲôʲôԼҲ̫˥˰ɡ
ߺһ仰ȴʹ˾񣬲Ӧ˵
Ժ͸ҵ߰ɣ˵˵ģǵ˾Ҳ˵ʲôɣߺɫȻ˵
Ȼǰʵôʱ򣬸ߺӡȷǲ
Ըߺʵ֪޲Բ޾ֻҪߺʣ˾ͻشȻҲΪʵеˣǱϾߺ˲ǣ
ң֪عôأһҲȽеףϾеһЩ飬ߺģСȴǺ
ھֵ䰡ʲôģͿѯˡ
ңߺԭҲǷǳǿһЩԼв飬ԱĹȴܲ¡
Լʵ޼вĴڣض൱
ԸߺˣҲǺ޵ģ෴Ǿ˼ǵġ
ʮֵĹߺ˼˰죬ŵعĹǰдĹػš
ϸȻǧػ棬ʮλڵȴţм仹һλš
ߺߣոյǰúëըĹꪽסˡ
󵨣ع֮أȥɱ⣡ƽ˱Ŀֲ
ǷŵΪĹȺ棬ֻһ仰ͿŵЩСĴҲʲô¡
æеĹóûеݹȥʱ򣬾ͱߺһ˹ȥ
Ƿƻôı΢ԺĳɾҲˣߺʵڿˣô˵ԷҲƽȵĵλɡ
ȻսûжԷǿǰҲǧģֻпйÿһеȨ
ͷĻ¹𲻻Ϊ̳費Ϊ˸Լˡ
ֳֹͬ٣ΪĴˣôĸһͷǹȫˣҲԲĹ˵ġ
ߺ˶Է䣬ͷ̣ȴһ䷴Ļ
ЦԼʲôû˼Ҷʲô°
Ӵ֮󣬵֮һǱݵĺ
洦ɼĶԻҶԻ˶ݲ͵Ĺħ嶼ڻʱȣЩҲǵд
ʲôݣ
ֻһѣأ
Ҹˣǰ˼һһأ˵ٲģԺֻеˣ
Żߺ㱻˳Ե㶫Ҳţڱҵһ˿ûأʲô𣿡
֮жһȳ
ʲôݣʦûⱲ֪˼㶼ˣ
ŶŶʱסģСδӳ֮йҪΪҲˣ䡭
⻰˵꣬ͱһˡ
㲻˰ʲôʸܹܵס˵ϴҲֻй˱㲻ҪһҪأ
ŶŶŶԲ𰡶Բԭֻй˼ҲʸҲҪˣѵˣ

ϢЦѣʲô˼Ѳ˵ԼþһŰǰĻ
ֻǸʱٺڶѾˣҲΪ˹ǧеź
ϵ˵ֻйܰ͵ðൽһĵزˣ
ڵ֮һݵˣѵ⣬һݵ
ֻйѣѵ⣬ΪݵĴԴ
ʹǹûܹ𱸣Ҳûݣһܹ𱸵Ĺء


868 ʦظ
֮󣬸ߺԼû˵һӣڷæţ̿һСı
ǿǹı֮Уƽ棬вôȨ
ڷͦԼ壬ȻеĹ¶˳ߺΪعĹһȻͨ
̽ԼĹĶƵķһݣȻһˣٵŹķƶȥ
Ǹվڳ¥أϢ֮ɫһԸȥ滹ʦ˼
ΪعˣԼְλ΢ش¼عŻǰ¶ƽʱҲֻжʸֱع
йپͲ˵ˣְȻְλԼ˵ĹְԾǷţ༰
ҲֻȥͨԼĶͷ˾ʦˣعʮУǿһڡ
ʦʮ֮УǿһʦľŵǴʦֽظ
ݴ˵˼һˣΪ̫󣬱оγ֮ߣ֮ܣȴҲǻȥնˡ
ظҲΪԼҲˣȻתͶ̥ʱҪһ£Լ΢ÿһЩ
û뵽ﵽ֪֮ԼȻǾ֮壬Ĺֱһǧ
Ϊڹ֮ǿһˣڵ֮б֮µһˣʮ֮µһˣ۷Ϊ
عУΪعĴʦͳλʮλ
νЩΪûдﵽ𾳽ģȴʱпͻƵ𾳽۷塣
ڸߺţ֮Уһɫͷɴñŵųѥ֣ݡ
ͶԷ⸱ݣǷŵ˶һ۾ܹһƬˡ
Էһߵһ·Ļէ֮£ߺǰ˭ֳֹعµһսظҲ
ԷϵƲŭɱ۳ҺˣŸߺ˵
ΪĺڷɫһҰף˺üҿĺиߺĴڣһ䣬һͽ뵽Է֮С
һںڷ֮䣬ڷԺһЩ
ߺ˳˵ұǱҲֳֹ
綷ţ۾´һ¸ߺЦúúãȻֻǧΪȴֱȻΪίʵ̫˵㣡
ԷһЦڸߺûſˣ̫ˣֲ̫ˡ
ߺȴǶԴ˹ЩøˣԷûаڳԼǹʮֵˬʡ
Ҫֻ֪Լǰʦм仹һĹְء
ԣԷʹڸԼһԼҲ˵ʲôṫȻ
ǳ׵ŭ˸ߺȻĻߺҲǵû
Էûôƣʵߺᷳ
СΪе̫ˣԺҪ̴磡ߺһЦȻ˳λʦظֵܡ
ʦظԹֱ˵ʲôҲķУǶԸߺ仰ȴʮֵġ
ԵһƨĻͣǵĶ֮УȻоʮֵ
úúãӽ쿪ʼҵСˣǾֵƣظ׵˹
ܵĹ׷һ飬ԺòҪˣ룬ֳŹģ϶йӰӡ
ȻʦظĽֵܣԼССĹǵ𰡣ǹǲɡ
ʵʵ̫ˣʹҲסµЩɣǡӴ֮ǾͲعˣǸߣ㣬Ҳϣκ⣬дƾͽѣӽʼǸΨǴӣ
ʦظȻˬˣô仰͸ߺŪһʵ¡
ûʵǶԸߺӡʵ̫ˣǹһʦظֵܡ
ôˣʦظû˳ֵܣԼͬΪٵйһͳʦ
գȴһʵļһֵܣҽǿĹ֮һ͸˸ߺڡ
СֵܣԼȥΰɣҾͲˣЩʵ̫æˣ˵ţʦظ뵽ԼЩͷ۵ķ
ʦְ֮һץһһЩǿĹޣһЩ˷磬ҲҪȥ
Щ޽뵽췲֮󣬻ΪһЩͬ÷ǳǿ
ǿԲܣǷ䣬ǱɱˣȻͱ꣬һᵼ˵ĺƽ١
˼ΪһƬ˼Ϊ٣֧޹
˼ĹһҪȥģ⴩ԽģǾֻΪߵʦһЩµĹ
ڷεĹʵ̫ˣǽ߸ʵģʼε֮ս
ɱвȫһЩ꣬ڷһƬƬѪȷ硣
ЩȻЩȥ棬Ƭȫ֮Уһ֮еʵͻ
ʱ򣬾ͿԺͥٱѹŴˡ
ֻʱ侹ȻϵķңϵңúòпϢʦظЩΡ
ţȥƽҡߺ˳˼ع֮Уǲ̫пҵʯġ
ضʯǴУضͱȥˡ
뵽˴ߺϺȻ¶Цݣɿظϸ磬罫عøҰɣһģΣ
ظ˿ߺһ£ҲãҲôϤһԼĶ飬˵֧Ҳ㹻ʰˣ
ߺɫˣЩε˵ǣ㹻ˣǧٹһôܲʰأ
ΪҲΪΪ
ظ˵Ӧ߾ŸȼһƷߡ
һƷߣĵƷߣߵƷߡ
жˣǿˣҲǾƷ۷壬ټиԵ𼶱йٱʣն
ʮɸ޷ģǸԼš
ȻƷͬˣҲر
ԣߺʹǧĹأһ·ȥߺص´÷УֻܹǰС
ֻߺЩˣΪȴǰ׹Ǹ˰ŪĹߺһ·ɫģ۵ġ
ߺԼλϵĸ磬йڵͷȮ顣
Է߸ߺ֮УͷȮϣҲڱҪߵĵط


869 ҵȮ
ͷȮ֮УǿѾΪ˹裬֮УͷȮڵʮ޹Ͻ֮ˡ
ǵͷȮԳһΪ˹ǵͷȮ峤˵һԱҲǡ
峤Ϊ̫ˣѾﵽ𾳽磬ܹסԼǿɱ¾ġ
ЩǱʮǿйס˵ʲôء
ߺ˴ǰȥȻΪеȮңȮǵͷȮǵͷȮһ֧
ȻʵǿԣͷȮȣȴǲ˺ԶҲ˵ͷȮĲбЩ
ʵĽȻͷȮһˡ
˽ȥعıңҪһֱǰûˣ˼ʮ޿ȫ𰡡
Ȯڣһȼ˶ûУ͸һس
ԷϾڵͷȮһϵģصȥʾһععһµͷȮ
˵ʵͷȮԼϵҲǱȽϵķŭǲбҲǣϾһ壬бǲ̫ܵġ
ǣӦõľǿˣЩֻӦǿϳ֣Ӧǵϳ֡
õͷȮ峤޷ܵľǣǾȻѳ˵ͷȮһ壬һʹеͷȮѪҲͷȮܡ
ȻˣҲʹӦعȮһ塣

СĻǲ֪ڵһطǲǻصͷȮһ壬Ĵأߺǰ׹ɭɭϣһߴܣѰʲôһš
ڸߺ󣬸һʮֵĺ⻹ǸߺԼĿռ֮еľɵġ
Ϊǰʵֲ̫ˣԲҪˣøߺԼ취
ķʽߺ֤ԷҲԼŮԾˣҪȻƢǲܶġ
Ҫ󣬸ߺôܾܾأԱһ
Ȼǰ׹ǱϾţҲһ۲Ϊ
ӦǸߺģߺȴб飬䵽˺ڷϡ
ңڷһ̣еͨ죬ݺݵĵ˺ڷһۣС磬ǲҪǧŰŲҽСִȥ
ڷƲңȴеЦ⣬Ҳ̫ŤˣܸˣȴװŭΪʲôأŮĺ밡

ȻԼ̵뷨ڷûȥ룬ϾԼүӦģԼЩԽȨˡ
ϾԼүŮˣҲӦԼүӦõĵģԼ
ߺȻ൱츳ǶԸŮˣҲ֪ô죬ֻþˡ
ع֮Уֻعڵһǳضѣÿһξ룬һط
ǸطȨߣһĹ͹ʿǾƷʿĹְ֮УСˣҲߵȼ
ҲڶĹسţ֮С
ʿǸеĹ밲գߺ˵Ķ飬˴еһǳءǡ
ǱԵһǳˣҲǼڱԵһǳء
ţγعιˣߵģԭƷƷ
ǣΪЩеȷЩֹϾֻһǧжôǿأҲֻǹӲѣǻ
ھǻмǧ·̵ʱ򣬸ߺѾԼ·һɫĹۣЩߵľ磬Ҳ˽š
ȻҲгѥˣͷɫĻͷڣӢΰȻмִ֮硣
ֻһ̸ߺȴ׵Ľݹˡ
ԼһֻŴϰȷϣв֪ʲôʱһݡ
ڵ֮ʮֺĶһжǻɫģɫľͷɫʯͷɫĲݣɫĶ
궼ǻɫģ˹ϴٷķΣһжɫġ
ɫĶǱȽϡеĴڣǸƷЦߺҪ
һȳеĹԼƤߺҪɫĲݡ
ߺһתɿһţӵģҲ֪ҲҵĿռŲݵģԣֶҲ޵ģǸԷģԺҪҵⱾҲӦþְ𣡡
ЩЩԥ˼ǰ󣬸оߺ˵ĻҲûȷ
ȻǰĸߺΪȽһЩΪǵǶҪоԵķӡ
ͨһ㣬Ҳ˺ܶ࣬׷һ巢ģ˵ԼԺԸߺԵķӡ
Ȼ󣬸ߺһݣһĵ¡
å飬Ƿ׷Ч¸ߺڵӣһеŲݣ״Ҳߺ࣬ɵһֻţһֻš
۾һֻһֻСеĹɢڵţӲһ֧ʤ֮ʦһ֧˰̵ľӡ
һߺߺԶԼĹٷ޹ƨƨߵ˸ǰ
ĺ𣿱ϾЩȮҲǺĪҪ̫˰Ⱥʤ֮ʦֻᱧͷܵľаడ
Լüͷ˵ߺһЦа취ٺ٣
˵ţߺóһЩԼռ洢ʳʹһû˵Ҫôѵӣǧ֮УôһֱǳԺ֣ʲôҲˡ
ʲôǳʤ֮ʦھʧܵľ֮Ҳ볢ʧζӵǿ־ˡ
ûдһ̵Ĳӣֻھʧ֮󣬲Ż˼Ըߺһսǳ׵ʧһΣ֪ս޲ʤģŬҲսܵġ
ϴ߸˹۵㣬ΪʵĲο
⼸ǧ·֮УߺѾǵһµĸ߶ˡ
֧ӵԭڵĸǸƷȷɫǣΪ֪ӵսʶ᳹׵ĳȥģⳡսЩǡ
ֹһεߺ飬Ǹߺء
ڸߺ̬ȣƷķŭˣԼִ׳֮ʦڶԷϲġг׵ĳˡ
ʧ
ҹߺվȻҪһЩæ
ߣ㻹ͱҪ󣡡ǹԸߺ̬ȵȻʮֵĲмڹˣԸߺЩա
ߺνʼ򣬽ʼĩ˶ԷϾԷҲһİ֮Ҳĵϣ֧ǿ
ںҹ֧˯ʱһŭԶȻ֮ƽ뵽Ӫ֮Ű
ЩȮʮֵǿټ֧иʧأߺҲڵһ˵Ȯ
ȮߣȻɸߣСмƣֻûݣֻһͷѡ
˫ͨ죬·ɺɫѪҺŹʮֵûһëǱǹëĹһ


870 ѵһ
սͬһЩͺ֮ʱֵȮͬһһеĹŸߺ֧ӡ
ЩȮʮֵĿֲȻ˫ոս棬ͳ׵Ľ֧ӵʮͬʱ˺ѡ
ЩȻߺģǴлǲ̫ŷߺǻͳһ֧ӡ
ڸߺʾ֮£ԾԭǸƷͳһָӣսˡ
ȻָսɣκΣ֧ڸûսģһ֧飬ĲҪġ
һߣʹپװҲֻһȺں֮ڣ
֮УߺߵĶ鲻ϵˣ󣬾ȻһƷĹ
ʮλĹ֮УʮλƷʮλƷʮλľƷʣµľǧһʮ˵Ĺˡ
ЩʵҲβ룬ǧĶУͬ
ϮǵĵȮʮֻ֮࣬УΪжʮֻĶΪ
ڸ˲صĴ֮ʮֻȮڱȫˡ
е˶ڵϴŴߺҿǸƷûбɱǹһֱڸߺվϣػţʼղ뿪벽
ԸߺȻвҲ֪ߺΪԼĲӺãҲӲѹסҪָߺĻ
εʧʮֵصģʧһǧĹֻʣǧٹʮλƷȴûôʧ
Ͼǿߣǲô׾ȥġ
ǣΪߵİƷûôˣʮλȥ˼ֻʣ˲ʮ˵İƷ
ƷʧصģʣֻжʮλƷˣεʧ֧˵ֱ˽ǵġ
Щ¶ٺЦݵĹߺԱ߲סЦţЦʮֵĴ̶
еĹԸߺŭĿӣǹ˫֮кҪðһɱˣڵĸߺͱһʬˡ
ôвǲΪʲôûгȫǿŹΪҲŵѴģߺЦ˵
Щ֮һ֪ͺõйһİȻΪԼô˵սʿѪӡ
ߺôһСҪûйİ˵ովѾǳɱ֮ˣЦ˼ֱǲˡ
ߺйı鶼УȻЦȺܹȷǿԼʵȴҵʵϢϢأôӵʵΪظҹĿ࿴𣿡
أΪԼһȫѪĺӣЩʲôأϢʱֻǸŷɣǣ֪ÿһʵ֮ģ
ǣҵʵûǵǿΪֻв䣬أһǻ˼ǧ꣬꣬ʮ꣬ĶУ
ΪԼѪӣǰһ˿ʿ磬ֻһȺɢں֮ڶѡ
˵Щĵȥߺ˵Ҳǣһ仰ʱ˶ȻĿŸߺ
һƷԼΪǲģŭҪ㣬ǻôɢ𣿡
ߺĿǸһһۣĿʮֵҪڱƵģ󿴵оЩ޵ݣջԼĿ⡣
Ƕô𣿲Ҫ£ʵʵ˵ߺν˵
ߺ˵ĻеĹ뿴˿صĵ˵ͷǿһжǸߺԵʣǸߺóЩݣǸߺЩɢĶ
ԺǲŸģҪ˵ǴĻҲӦǸߺĴŶ԰
ߺǰһ뻹ЦǺǵĿǵͷһ룬ɫȻ䣬ͬյպȻܲһ
ɢ˵ɢûаɣԼžģֻһȺѣ˵ԼѪսʿǣҪ˵˵սʿ㲻ϣֻһķѡ
Ϊս޲ʤĳʤ֮ʦ𣿾ǳʤ֮ʦûΣյʱҲǱľԣʲô
ٿ˺ӣֱһǾųƽĶʣҪǸոĲ£ӡʲô
˵ߺԼڣ񲢲֪֡
Ǹҡҡͷǹûֵģ
ߺԼ°ͣ˼Ŷԭʵ̫ˣԺЩѶȣֲսһֱǳأҸְɣ
ߺ仰Աߵĺڷ˲һ󶶶ԼǸСֱ֣ǲ˵ǿˣֱǿֲ
һ֮ɫźڷ𣬺ڷ֪ԷЦʲô˲һ죬ȡЦԼĻ
үѪɡڷæŸߺĻ˵
ߺ°ֹͣȻǲأһѪȾ꣬ǧ޵ֲҹȻһţ
ǹҲһȻأϲѪ꣬һѪȾ꣬ǧ޵
ߺ¸¹ЦЦʮֵĿţʮֵĲ޲һŽ߷ɡ
Ľֹ鹦Լˣ죬ڷǸĵĨһ亹
ţڷ𿿽ǹӦýѪˡ
Ѫ걾üͷ壬ڷ˽֮Ҳ̸оԼһ亹
Ҫ˵ѪȻߣҲ߳ߣν˶Ҫպڷ˵˵ߺһʲôС꣬С֮ġ
ԼϣҲ̫ϲЧˣԼԺҲûˣûˡ
ллллѪмӯӣ磬˽̣ĻҿѾǵڶܺˣ
ѪոҪԷӣǺڷһ񣬾̸ıƺǵѪһ仰ʱ򣬺ڷЩޡ
һ˵ǵڶܺߣѾԽԼ˳ĵǵһܺˣԼСĿɰ֣еɱ
ǰʱԼҲû£øߺʲôְºˣһС֡
оԼһ֣ܲߺѵ
ǵѪָӣǱӴܵĻͲһǧôĲأһĻ˵ǾǼӺǵס
ԷʮޣŪǧһǲӴѵľǣҲƺǶʿƺǿһͣȴֻһȺں֮ڶѣ˵ǿǿۣǰ֮࣬е棬ӵԪ˧ͽǲóȥˣһȺ


871 ѵ
ߺĻһɹ׷ײĵͷЩ˼˼ĳֽǶ˵ߺ˵Ļȫȷ
Щʼ˼ԼЩΪλϴʱ̫ˣû˹Ǹʱĳ徢
ǰ״Ŭʲôоˣֻ֪Լڵְλ֮Ҳǲģڶ͹֮ϣƴȨ
ȴˣԼǸʱ룬ΪһʦĿ
ǸʱҲǻѪŲ뵱ʿǺʿԭŬǳɹĵߵʱ򣬲ŷ֡
ԼĲʵ̫ˣԿʼ״ΪڵٻΪߣȻΪ˵ѪŬԼµĹ
ԼǶôĿЦԭԼһֱų
Բ𣬹ˣӽԺҷģԲˣҪĹЩ׷վ𣬼˵
Ȼǵɫ޷ת䣬ԾܹӱϿԷܼ
оԼͬľģеĹһЦЩͬΪһʱڵĹЩǲԶǣͬһĿġ
ǾٴγΪһСȴı£ٴγΪһĵĹ
ߺĵ˵ͷãܺãľľͺãأ
仰Ǻģ˵һ仰ʱԼеĹǾһ񣬸оʶ޵ѡ
ǣҲԺһΪһǿʿһʿԲٸӡֶˣеĹǾһͬһĴ
ߺĵ˵ͷãôڿʼǾҸߺרˣסԺΪңڿʼǽȫҵ
˵ţߺָָԼڳʱ򣬸ߺظ˵ҲҪ˳
Сظȫûеһ£ֻĸߺļ򣬽һжԼϡ
ҲǣһйĵλҲ൱Ԫ˧֮УһСĴڡ
Ԫ˧Сȥһ±ˣҪѰ죬ǿ֪ԷһȽ쵽ʲô̶
ߺ࣬Լ˵֮УԼĴţսӽ𣬳Ѫ֮⣬˶ǹ
еĹǹһᰴǵľ
еĹ¶ЦݣһԼմⰡϾΪˣɱҲࡣ
ߺһ仰ǵ׵
ٺ٣ҾǵΪƶͬľ˵һԼʵʮ㣬ɱһʮĵˣһľ
ɱʮˣһٸģһ㣬ǧģʮơ
ͬģԼһȼģΪʮһֵɱһʮһٵģһڣ𣿡
е˶˸ߺ˼ԸԼûףҲ̫Ϊˣ
ҲǣԽɱУٶȿһ㣬ǲԽɱеĻǾ͵ĻܾЩСϺ׸ûá
ڣҸÿһߣһҳľģɱĸоʮֵ񡣡
ҲԺƾ̣߻ƬȻ󣬾ѪԺžɣڳѪ꣬ڣеĶǾżͼĴڣ
˵ţߺһӣͳǧߣǳѪľɵġ
ڣڸߺǸĿռ䣬Ѫţʲôȥǰ죬ʱ򣬽ԼܵĲȫˡ
ŪûϢգνԼңԼŪȱ첲ȵĶԼզôҰ̯ôһˡ
ߺҲû취ˣ˭óѪϢôУһֻҪС꣬ƬὫ֮һա
ֱǸߺҪĶҪߺҲûа취ʵʩƻء
ߺߺͨѪɫֻֻ۾ĵطûп̻ոߺ˼˵ֻҪԼľﵽһʱ򣬾ͻϿ̻
ĵطȻӵĵطϿ̻һЩصĻƣ߿ɫ
ҪģҲܹģǿԽ߱ɰɫ
ǽɫ߼ǰɫ˼ɫżɫ
ʣµģһżĹвͬĿ̺ۡ
ż߼ϵԴγͣӣżֱϼ̺ܿۡ
ǿ̺ɸߺԿ̻̺綼ûܹ١
˵ѪͲͨ˿Ūģߣûа취ŪݵĳѪ
һǵ֪֮ѣ֮Ҳģǵ֮ȴǺ١
٣ڹӡ֮Уûйִͬġ
˵ִĶǳ٣ڹҲͿߺһ˶ѡ
ڿʼÿ˵϶ҪһشＸʮʯͷ׼ʹùңնߣһ˿࣡Ȼһ
ߺʮֵոտʼĹһЩ˵ߺԼ˵ƽΪʲôԼ
ߺЦԼͷ˳еḺ́첻˵ˡ
˵ʲôǿѪ꣬ڶûߺȴѾﵽˣ˼ְ취ûʲôˡ
ھǽһУеĹԾ˿ͷ
·Ҳһ澰еĹĶ飬Сɽһľʯڹ·ϡ
ǲֺˮģϾ壬ֻһ˿˿ɫ壬ǵð
Щ嶼ǻ֮еһЩһʱôǶ޷֮û뵽⿴һĶȴЩͬƹ֮һ֮гˡ
Щ徹ȻԽӵߺ˫֣վֻɱվŵѪꡣ
ڷǸݳߺǰ棬ĮĿЩ˶
ߺոճֵʱȴѪҲһߺҲһˣûпߺֱ鰡
󲿷ʱ䶼ƤЦģûƤûƽʱһåࡣ
գߺѪһòһִȨյĽ
ֻЩֵǣߺ֮ϣȻֻ۾ڶͷ֮ϻһֻĿ
ѲΪ͹ԼݣܰһҲһʱˣսʱǿһòǰϻԲƢ


872 սһ
ȼ֮󣬾Ѿǳǳ֮ǰˣĹʿԼ£ĿǰǺ嫵Ĵ
ֻôôŤ뵹ͦģֻǱŵ˶ʯͷȴ˵
ǵȨǳ˳飬֪˵ʲôˣֱǰվŻعæҵĴԾĿǰЩ
¡סأǰľ󣬲ɵ졣
Ҫ˵¹ӭˣ롣
ǣǰǳ׵סˣΪǵǰеĹһģģͷѪɫߣһ⡣
Ҫ˵⣬ҲֻǸϳĳոմӳ߳ľŮˡ
˻ȫˣ룬ݴ˵˴ιһߣǹޣѲǰ˾ǣ
еǣŮأ
еǣǹûи˸ϳİɣʹԼĺ֪Ӧò̫ܰɣվŵԸϳ
ŮǣŮĿҲ񰡣Ĵ˵뺷ĴŮôҲŮֿܱڵİ
ŤŤģǿŵϱ֧֧ģʲô˵ԹĿеĹ
д˭ⰡǶ֪ˣһҪ֮ҧ
֪ʱ򣬸ߺһƾնʮĿ˵¾ʯ
һ仰˵еĹȫһ£ķʽԼǼʮľʯ˳ȥط·˵һ㣬һ¡
Ǿ޴Уվڸߺǰ֪嶼ϵһߡ
еĹȻǾҵ֮УһԾɱŶе
ЩǿǶĹҲΪ֣ȫΪĹȻҲɽ
Щֻվǣܸоһ޿ƥеǿϢ˵ѹ
ЩϢǧϢ˲ûѹſˡ
ʱǵҲڴӶԷЩƿˣԼǱȻͬһ
ˣĹٷЩĹٷȫһ
ǣһסˣΪеĹŶһġ
ǣ˫˽ʮӣس֮ʵ̲ס֧ˡ
ôȥ˵ˣԼСͶˡ
֪ǰλǹ˰˲˲ͷϣˣԼǹ޷
쳣ĽŰʲô°鶪ɶˡ
ҪҪǴǣͿ֮˵˶ȥһΪȥְ
طҲˣ汻ȥְпܲˡ
ԣӲͷƤҲýĪĹҳ
ߺʹһɫѪ̻⣬ߵǰһսɣûпСɫ
ǳ׵һðǰλ˺ûйǵ˼ҪȻĻǳԲ˶ˡ
صĹҲЩ֣ЩԷ
Ϊ˵ˣ֮УҪݣͲôŬҪ٣ֻҪԼǰ֮еǸصĹѵ䣬Ǿݱ
ȥԺҲԼ´һ
֪Ǹ˹˵ı𣿽˵ˣ˵һѪͷ
ԺԼе󻹲ǲðˮཹð̰Ǿû˰˵Լǿ֮š
Ÿ죬ԺĺģпҲ˹˵䣬ԺҲݵˡ
ȻôģǱϲô˵
׻˵˷ҪƤҪΪԼݵλҲ˺Ķˡ
ҧҧԼˣ˽ӼǶˣҲǶΪ˽ӷϴֲʧְ֮
ߺоĿģһСϢʯϢ
ǲڼﵢ̫ʱ䣬ԲѪû뵽ǣǰôûûҳԼ
¿ɽߺŭˣüۣһù֪ĶǱƵñˣǻòͷǰɣǡ
ߺûأƨƨȥæԼ´ȥˡ
Ҳˣôţ˵ģ˱˼ң˭ȻЩٶۣǱϾɵȡ
ҪȻһλˣԼʳϲȺˡ
ߺһ룬˷ܾǱˣܵ˰ˣɫܵŮ޳ɻ˷ء
һߺŷӦ˹ʲôŭ쵰׽
䣬ڶ֮е˲ʧԭأգۼͳǰ˵קɷ˵ץ˸ߺǰ
žͽЦݵļһߵڵأʹ̱˵ϡ
һＴʹڵϣڲͣĺٺɵЦأȫûпԼǰĴ
ߺɫ࣬ԼôûдڸһҴ򣬽һﳹ׵Ĵѣ
ͣԼƣžžĳһϣѪɫߺȻסˣᣬûһ˿ı䣬ľִŸߺ
ԸߺѾʼԭӣһת䣬תڵĽˡ
Ϊģߺ˵Щ壬ټϸߺǵѵȻǸоԼ⼸ǧ궼ûɶΪȻһ
ǶԸߺĻӵŷˣȨȫͳһ飬ʹѪյʱ򣬶ûз
ȴߺһССļı㶨ˣѪҲʼʮֵߺˡ
ߺ֮ǰļƲߣоŭȴֻȻŵ˸С
֮ǰߺæȥ켸ȮϮһжǸߺıɵģĻ֣ʵǸߺ
ߺڱٿһУһеһжոߺĴɵĽš
ڱˣΨΨŵŵĿŸߺһ仰Ҳ˵
ߺıףӣѲҸո˵Ļ𣿲ǽս˵ڸʲôȻҵĻ
ն߶µĽս˵ˣߺȻĵ˵ͷŶԭˣûǵˣɣ
˵ţߺٱǣƺƵȥԭǵûʲôоǺȴһ˵
ЩƽƲӣԵ滯ӣȻĲһµġ
ˢˢһ£ÿһһһһ
˹Ȼǿ󰡣Ȼ֮Уͽѵֿµĵز


873 ս
ҲǿľӣôǸͲˣԼͬ뵽
ǣһµ˦˦Լͷ뷨ҡԼԺ֮С
Ҫ֪ߺǷǳǿģǱǡ䷢ߡԼôȣܹߺѾ˲еˣԴ֮ԼȥҲҲ±ЩݸߵĹˡ
ߺľӾݵ߹ǣ֮У֧ٶȲ첻һ·϶ǰ
߳ǵʱеĹ޲ŷӦ˹ոյһĻʵ̫ˡ
ʲôʱ򣬹֮гôһ֧ѵصĹˣÿһ붼̤ǵУǲסĲ֧ӵսǿ
ֻƾѵأͿԸĵĸо
ȥķսеĹ޶ʼ¥Ϸȥ¥ġ
ֱֳȸϴ󼯺ò˶٣е˶ǵҪ֧ӵǿʲôز
ߺ֮ǰһ£еĹƴǾһҪԼľԼĵλȥ
ЩǹģҪԼʵԼĵλ
ЩȴεĻᣬҡһ䣬Ū㷭Ϊһֱ֮еĹ
Щһڼֱĥȭһͬ˼Ѫһ
Ÿոմ򿪣ǳǰĳ˲ӳ˸ߺֱǲҲ̶ðĳ֮У˵ľˣǻɫӲݶʣˡ
ͷ亹⵽Ҫ췴ޣһȺݶŹʲô˶೤ʱˣ
ֲЩһҪ췴أԭѾ̶ˣϻ˵ûѹȣзߺһԸп
û˵꣬Ⱥ׼õĹ໽еĳ˳ȥ
ģȮأҪ췴үүϿӳȺ군

һȺȺĹֿƿڴѵľһȺå
˶ˣ⻹Ǹո֧ѵصĹôһȺåҪȺƵģ
ҪϰשȣƿӣǾ͸ˡ
ߺҲĺߣååĵҲŵһȥֻӵŵʲôְ
ոջԳүүأһ仰Գˣһ군ǰô˵ĻȮǹ군ȺԼʲôˣ
ȻȺûʶ㣬ǲƿڴ⣬ôҡ
߸ոյ鱨ߺ֪ȺȮһƬֲ֮ʮϢ׼һεĹǡ
壬ҿǰˣոջԳӵһԶȺſڻϵŵһȺȮ
ЩһֱеĳȥߺЩˣԼûء
٣һûأ١ߺںֱ¡
ǣǰҿЩȮ֮󣬾ɫǿһȺŮһȺŮ
ôܻHoldסأ˲ſˮȥ
Ѫڸߺı󣬲ϵŸߺļ򣺡˵νˣٲ㣬еĹ֮ˣ
ߺֽһæȥҲҪԼľ޴󽫣ǿǾдɰ
ǣߺȻ˵ҪƽȻҲͲԼƷԼ˵ĻˣֻܹĻ۾
һ㣬ߺǲôĵģƾߺʵһľƷͲС
ոߺ֮ǰ˵ֻҪߺɱһƷ𣬾ܹΪһٵ
ԼѪλãҲƷһʼѵǾһǧٵ
ֻҪߺɱʮƷ𣬾ȫԽԼĵλҲһǧٵ
Ѫǲһ߱ˣһսƶȥε鱨ԼȮ֮Ȼǿߡ
ǣǿҲѾﵽ˿ֲƷˡ
֮УҲһǷΪŸȼģһƷ𼶱г̶Ȳͬ
ߵΪеȼǣǾƷߣȻǰƷǿһƷߡ
ֻҪͻһƷߣܹΪˣǺεȵѣ֮ûкǲܵġ
γɣ֮䣬ǰĳ֣ܻǣŻΪΣ󾭹ļΪ
˵ڵھкֻڵĸߺ֪ΪҲûͻƵĵز

л˵ȺȮοǵùˣû뵽ԼȺһ췴ȴͱѡ
عʼԼϷ˹һֵĳǳ֮ȴҲĺˡ
һİеҵ뷨᲻Ǿʹ˰أ
ĻԼһٹƼǳأձѡ
ֻһЩ룬ʮǿ󣬵ڻڳвҳЩڵͷȮһĴ˵Ǽٵİɡ
֮иûʲôǿĴڣ˵ֻԶﴫѡ
ԣھȻһǼþգ»صͷȮһ壬һһƷعʮ޵ͳΣΪǵȮ˸ҵ
ˣųٳûжֻ֣һǿеˡ
Ȼʮ޵ǿԶﴫǣضʢ֮ʿ
ʮ޵ǿܹģǶԸһЩСèСҪĻδҲֵ̫Ǯ˰ɡ
ǣУʾı֡
νƱۣƱǿعȻûгһƷĹޣЩعˡ
ϣڳһȺӣӦ˵ӣһȺå
һɱҪľǰ׶ޣһٵǾʳζһ
ҪԴ꣬ǰĹͲǼһֵĹʱҲ˵
Ⱥɺãüһһߴһ߿ʲô
Щһﲻһж˿ꪲýߣ߲оץʵڲоҧ
ô뺷˭ܵ˰һȺȮ֮󣬾èһ
һһ߻޺ţ̫ײˣ̫бˡ֮ĻǲޣǰǿƴžװĹǡ
һʱ䣬ս˹ĴеȮҵĽĳ
ڳǽϵһڿٶˣ֪Ͷϴ󣬲ĿǰֳоԼƵġ
ǣǵȮڽоǰ˭ޣ˭ǵĹ
ǹģǲȮһҰôо߶ôĿأ
ƨһ߿£㿴ȺСߺߺһҧʵôҧ
ʲôͷȮһͷĸģһӣ
۵ĻߺںѪĿ࿴רƷ֣ÿһƷ𶼲ʮ֮УͱȫĻˡ


874 å֮
ֻϢĹ򣬸ߺɱǧˣҪ֪ڵĸߺֻǧ𣬾㹻Ϊ߼ˡ
ڽٶˣеĹ޷֮Ტۡ
ڣѪ곤ŵĴڣ㹻ȥˣһ˴֮з϶֡
һֱôǿ𣿡ѪоԼӺЩˣתͷѵʵ
һ·ϣҲ㿴ˣȻŮǲԼǸߺŮˣȺֱܹʵϳһ㼦Ƥ
ԣʲô£ǰǾûġ
źҡҡͷʲôôǿʱҲɱ˼ǧǧ𣬼ٸǧ𣬽һǧеٮٮճˣ޷κ˼ң
Ȼô˵֮ǰȴ©˳
ѪԼĶͷҲԼͷϻ᲻ˣܸоʮֵ˳
һŮ˵˾Ǻð⺬Ŀ佱Ҷ׵ˣѪʶһڿˮ뵽
ڷſڣѪǰ°ԼӣѪ꿴
һ㼦Ƥ񰡣һµ֡
Ѫߺ޵Ŀ˺ڷһۣžߣԼĹۣ֮ûʵ岻ϵķڣһС״ֳʮֵ

ûƵģֻſߺչһȭȥһǧĵȮ͸Ȼ󱬷֮ȫըɱ
Ȯļ٣ߺҲһЩˣЩ˵УռѪ߶ҧһ
֮ǰһҵĲԷ嶼ҧһ
еĵȮڰȺӼֱ̫åˣΪʤֱ伫
˵ӦòΪʤˣԷȫΪɱˣȫΪŰԼǴ顣
ЩʲõޣǣǣɱɱɣȫʬɣǲҪӣĸ㲻޻ˣ
ֻ񲻼ѣԷûİȥһٱ
ʲôȣԾţǼֱǲǸ޵⽴
ǿȭͷʲôʲôģôȭȭĴ⽴뵱ʱĲҡ
ȺȮˣȺһѾåбƺˣֱûԣûй԰
һЩǿߵĵȮվԴǵ˵ǻеûУѵͲ֪ǻû˰
ȻһĽҲܱңһЩ߳ڣͲŪˣˣ˼ǵ˹ˡ
Ȯڵ֮еУǳĲбûǡ
ûǵɱ¾аܹŵǰ
һȺôûǵļһǻûǵġ֧ȫ԰ˡ
Ӵˣߺ֧Ϊå֮ңɥǾ
˼ȫһåɵľӣ֮еˣȫɥʧǡ
ƽڹǰģһ֧浽µƾӣǱֻ̣Ҫһ̣Ǽֱԭα¶
ֻɥǾһеƾ裬ʮڶ˵ġ
һȺʲô⣿
仰Ϊ֮еľ䣬ҲΪ֧عķš
ңãû⣬ֻҪܹסҵĴ۾С
һ˵ҵĺһǳɹȥ
ҾĿУǷΪۣһǳɹҵȥҵľå
ԣֻҪҾʵôǿԷľ֮һ죬дšһȺʲô⣡
ŵƨ뱻ʬȺåûƤûĹս绹Ͷ
ͶĻǾѡ췴֮ѡ񡪡ɱ
ɱУֻҪܹסԼĴУǴѧʣñնģȫȭͷġ

ߺԽսԽ𾢣ȻѾ𽥽ӽ˷񣬲ϵıأĵȮ·۳һĺγһ¼ʮǧɸߵľ޴ǽ
һ֣еĵȮŵðȻ·ҲˣҪŪ𰡣̫˰ɡ
Ļں棬ڸߺ˵֮۵ĻָҲˡ
ߺʮöɲʯȻʩչ˵ۣ֮֮ǰȸӵǿˡ
һɵĵ֮ɽڰУԲǧĵط˹Χ
εĵ֮ǸӵĿֲ治Ŀ̻Ѫɫãһ̵ֱš
Ĺ궼Լ֣ץܵһȻ֮ɽкݺݵȥ
ֻһ£ٵȮУǧжʮΧǸӵûеֿ֮ˣȫ
ҲֵܹһȻԾˣҪǸߺһֱ֧ŵ֮ɽҲضᱻߺ
ڹ֮УҲ滮ھǧ֮Уǹеİ೤ְֻλ֮ûְλҲһһѡ
ȷ˸ߺĵ֮ɽ֯ŵĹٵȥЩ߼ĹȫԵֿ֮ɽ
֮һЩȴûٴιˣֻǴɵɵĿǵ֮ɽĿֲ֮ɫ
ʲôѲɣǵǻ壿
ѪҲҪˣԱߵ𣺡£⡭ô£һ֪ԭһǻأҿӣͷ֮ϵĵۣ֮ȫǺʮһȼġ
Ѳɣǹյͽܣ
Ƥһ㿴ǸͽܸԼʦӵģǴ治ߺȻҲһЩѱһЩҪˣåһ
Ѫ걾úúõģԽԽԾ仰Ҳǿ˵ôôоʵأ
ðɣȷǹͽܣϵϢħһȴԲдģģ
ѪûкˮĶͷǵͷӣͲһƷߣһ׶԰ѧԼʦһ
Ȯһ忪ʼıˣȴһֻƷߵĵȮһͷƷĵȮ
ƷȮ飬ɶԶﴫˣġ
ѪͲʲôһоͽԷˡ
ȴߺǺ⣺Ѫ̫꣬ˣ㿴˼ңһǽԷҳࣿŪȱģֱ̫·ˣҪͷ㣡
ѪЩΣûŰ飬ǹеԭһ򵥵Է׵Ļܡ
Ĳĥˣ̡ܽ
ߺҲΪһʦ̵ľľ𣬽ǸһŪʬأǵȮ峤ǹģȿȣһﶼס


875 ̷
֮սУߺå֮Ҵȫʤˣ֧鶼åӣԺսΪʤ伫
֧У߳ٴ󽫵ĴرĿ佱Щ佱ĺܲ۾һƷ
Ҳ˵вûлܵһپĹԴڵľżΪ˼
ΪָѪ꣬ȴΪһȻɱˣûֳĶӷ磬ߺݺݵˡ
ʲôоҵĶ֮УضһЩִģһЩΪʤĿĵĴﵽļ񲿶ӡ
ֲڷĵ۹֮УΪǾ֮ʦս޲ʤ޲˵ģ
ֶνľָشӣָһ˼ӣͻƵѰĲӻ߼֮󣬻оʥַǿ־壬Ľʡ

ѪͷϵĲûкˮĶͷ֣Լߺ֮ˡԼʲôʱ򣬶᷸
ţߺ֧ӽǳصʱ򣬹ȻȫĹ޶֮
ǻߺ֧ӵǿֱֲҰҲҪ񱩣ûйԵ磬ľ
ߺûǵЩǸֺģʲô˲顣
ոǱֿڵĺǣһԵʮֵһָԼϣ֮ǰһµĲ
ߺֺľ·ոһʮֲ˵顣
֧֮ΪʮѪ꣬ȴǷ˴СѧڸߺԱߵͷһ
֧ҲԵ̫ˣΪåһĶԱӢۣӢ۵Ĵڣˡ
Ȼ󣬸ߺ֧ӣʹĴӾ֮ʦΪǿթǵĹʿһʲƸ
ڵ֮УҲлҵģֻңʮͳһ֮Ϊİʼͨġ
һֱֽҵĻңʮ޹ͬϿɲҷеģһֶԹʯ
һߺѾԵĴһ£ֲôĺá
ڵȮǵʱһﾹȻ¹ʧܵԼݵµƳţֻ׼׼
˽ԳȥĹޣȫ壬ڸߺȵ֮ǰѾвٵĹޱȫˡ
ǸŮޣ֣ˡ
ּһߺһԶƶİ취һĸۡϴһգҴǶ˵֮У֮ʵԼĲӡ
Щһﱻߺȥְλ㲻ϣ֧֮УְΪΪͼĴڡ
һʼЩһﻹЩϾҲһЩǿΪʲô㲻ˡ
ǣһ֧֮УȨľǹӵеȨ޷ġ
ô˵ںһ仰ݺʺϣǾǽ⣬ܡ
ȻһССĹְһֺȨ
ֻЩԭĹԸߺеĶǽοʡ
ǣǵֶξʩչֻҪǲκԣǸߺԭ
Щһ򱻸ߺڶȥĽһȭߡ
ңÿ춼иΣøߺµЩˬᵽϱĸоˡ
ǶǿĹޣԶԸߺ˵Ļǵ÷ǳÿȭ֮󣬶øߺĻǡ
ÿԼΣЩ±Ҫˣɶ°
ЩһﲻиŬҲʼ˸ߺ˼룬ҸߺӦǣֻҪԼôԺ͸ǻָԭְ
ʲôأǾҪ۸֮ǶԸˣǾҪþһа취Ǹо־壬κΰ취ԡ
۵岻壬ǶԸˣǴﲻߺҪĶǸߺͻп̷ͷǡ
ȻҪʱ򣬸ߺ´ҪΪƵʱ򣬸ߺһ´
ңߺԼĺڰ޳˹ְ˵ľϸߺĽѾ߼ˡ
ߺ֣ȻѪһߺһҡ
޳Сڣ޳Сס
һ˵ڰ޳˲Ϳ޳ˣ޳ӦСˡ
СڿɥǰɣñͲе־尡
ߺдʣ㶮ʲôԵˣ㣬Ȼ͵Ϯˣ
һЩΪԼĵأǳЦģģС˵
ߺ̴ŭ룬׳գԱԼСĵ˾Ͳ͵ϮڴԺǱԼǿĵˣǱԼСĵˣܹ͵Ϯһ͵ϮȻָԼͷ֮УԼǱٱ飬Ҫߡ
ǣ֮е˾ȫıˣԺҲΪ֮µΨһ׼
κε˵ʱܹ͵Ϯ͵Ϯ淽ʤ
åξ¼֮еĻǱ֮е֮أǱĵһ
еľûһģƵľ滹кܶࡣ
ԵˣʲôĹЧ״ˣʲô취ҲߵҲãþƿҲãҲҪҴӵ˵Ϻݺݵ˺һ

еľ棬åµ£ҪԵˣҪ޳ж޳ܣҪ಻Ҫж಻Ҫ
ʲô취ֻҪ˺ˣʹʹмƣŮʲôĶν
Եˣǲ˵Ļְ̽ʾͷٷͬĻǾξ𣬲һ˿Ļᡣ
ڸߺһåγɵʱҲ֧ӱ뺷硣
󣬸ߺʼ۾Ϊ˹ƽеĹսȻǧս
ǰոߺԼ˵ȫΪˡ
ֻ֧֮УߵĹƷҲֻƷԸߺ´ԼɫĹۣ˰ɫߣߵͱȫ©
һɫ·֤ߺݵλ
Ѫ꣬ԭĽɫߣ˰ɫߣߺ˵ȵоѪ磬֧ӵͬʱڽ֮ΪƷ
ڵѪֻһƷѣûʸǽɫˡ
Ȼ󣬰վ߼ʮޣ඼ΪģȴƷߣжƷһƷ߶С
ƷֻռһССףΪиߺ⽱Ҳ߼
ƷʣµȫˣΪߺԼ˵ˣеˣ۾ΣһƷԵûоż
ǸߺıˣֻǶҲǾż
ˣڽһʱ֮Уߺ֮ǰϱʼѵ±ָͳһս
ֻһЩߺģһЩս֮С
ϾһʣЩһﶼԸߺʼޱȵŷӦӵľ硣ߺְָλҲֻǾżѣְλ͵Ĺˡ


876 ׷Ϲ
˭׷Źܣߺ͸ңһŽŴһ߼о׷ϣľڿзС
鶼ΨΨŵŵģǰƿڴĸߺ亹ֱ޶޲
֮УҲֻôһλү˿˼ɵ𣬶ĻҪж
ľġ
ԭߺع򣬵ӵҲԽԽ뺷ͺڷ𶼼С
ȻŮԸߺûֻ˵սʱμսЩȻҧʲôģߺûǿԵ
ҧߺǿԵ˵ˣԺ׼ҧ
ҲţԽսҲͬԷˮһ򵥣ֳ־ż𼶱ޣš
ǧ𣬵ǧ𣬼ֱɱĽ
ֻһ¹󣬸ߺƽңʱҲڽԼĵλ˸λãһŽɫߡ
ΪҲĥ֮п˺ܴΪѾɹͻеľ磬ﵽǧĳ̶ȡ
Ҫеһս֮У֮䣬Ϊء
֮սܹõĥ˵Ԫʹ֮ӵ֮䣬ԴĸоҲԽԽǿңԽԽ泺
˳ԣ֮Ҳơ
ˣÿٽʱһɲǣĹ켣ҲԽԽ
ץסλᣬôͿͻƣһ˲䷭֡
ǣŲܣʹţҲÿһζܹɹǣԶˣܹһܹɹġ
𱾾س֮вк˵ֱһ
һҲеţų̶ڵĸߺ֮ȣЩ硣
Ͼô˵Է֮к
ʲôºߺĲ֪ϾʼڣΪСģӵкߣߺҲһˡ
һڵĿħԺ
һڵĿħԺķ𣬷
һﶼħͽܣڵĳƺħֻ֣ҪԺΪ𣬺ԼʦͬΪˣԺͲټʦĳƺˡ
ڵǰƺŵĻҲӦǾˮֻʦˮʵ̫ŵˡ
ֻͽ֮ͨ磬ԺСһԼͽˣ˭۸
ǣ˭֪ˮͽܵ׽ʲô
ˣҲĿڼðˮͽܵƣһ췭ظ
ֱľɫ˳ֹ֣ⳡ粨̵ǣЩ˾Ȼûһˮͽܵġ
һЩһЩϵģ֮֮
ư֮ǵ³ǳңЩ˺üóȥιˡ
һЩǼٵİ˼ˮλӳ֮ʲôĳֻǧȴžż𼶱
ˮƵڷš
ݹ磬ôֱʵģˮ𣬾Ǻˮͬ𣬻ȡ
йħǶ˶ˮĽ鲻ʵҲ൱ǿģȻҲĲ
ǣȴûһĸͽܣһʮͽܣһһ˱ضŪһ׳죬׵ķ
ˮȴںԼͽܣʲôʱ仹ȫԼͽܣҲͽˣǸԼͽܴһõıҲ޿ɺǵ顣

֮еľҲȫʼˣڲƺˣȫΪ˾ż
еĺڰ޳ȫߺ滮СС׵£ССǹڸ£ߺΪָһƫ
˾ǺڷھߺĶضؽ̵֮£ڷȻҲһţԭֻûд򿪣ûΪָ·ԲԽս
ǣξ˸ߺָ㣬ԷȻʼĵ֮ȻںϽԼĺڷ֮Уγɵĵķ֮磬ʮֵǿ
ΪҲѾͻǧ𣬿²վͿͻƵǧˡ
Ѫ⼸εս˸ߺ˼룬͵ϮԲ湥ȺŹԲԼΰԭڵõ˸ߺİ
»ְָΪƷһԸߺ
Ϊ֧ĺĸߺǲϵĽԼåҵʲôƹ͵ϮʲôģõǵӦ֡
˵һǧںͼǧսߺоǱеǸǧĺ棬һ׵ĽԷĻ
ߺֱԽԽŪĵ˶ʼҪˡ
˵ͬΪǧһǱⲻȺŹ𣿿ɶǣȺŹȺŹɣô㱳͵Ϯأ
ǳ׵ͶˣΪߺ֮еĹ˫һ
԰ǹ֪ȺŹˣΪʲôû뵽ȺŹ֮дƹأ
ǣ֧ӵѾʼåչˣ޺ģȻģ˵ʲôʱڵ˵Ժôһ¡
һ죬ߺͻƣЩ쾭ϵսоԼԪԽԽңʱ䴦֮䣬ĸӦҲԽԽ
ߺǺҲȻÿζܹ˳ץסεĻڱĸоԽԽǿҡ
ڽգоԼĴҪͻˣͻеľ磬Ϊǧ
ߺϴͻƽ˰ѰⲻǵͽߣǧͣͲ߲
һ׶ߣȺ֮Уռ˰˳ɡ
ǣߺȴֻ˰꣬ͳɹͻڵľ磬ϾҪΪǧˡ
ٶȣѪǲ֪Ͼߺʱ򣬾Ѿǧˡ
˿Ƿǳģһ֮ǰߺֻǧ𣬰֮ڣǧΪǧ𣬰ʱ䣬ٴǧΪǧ
Ȼ˵д󲿷ˮˮĹͣǣߺԼûҲǲܵġ
˵ߺ˵п̫ˡ
ʮĹ򣬸ߺѾﵽ˰ǧ𣬵ΪֹͨڸߺжǶ֡
ߺΪĹսԲ·磬ʤ
ȻεսϾ֮ЩӵкܶåֶΣƹʲôĲҲս
ߺɹͻ֮תأڱĵطѰһµͷȮʯʱ򣬴ظϢ
˵תĵһ£Ϊһһɾ˾ƷߣԳƵزҪǰȥһᡣ
ҪǣԷĹԹźܴ˺תתʯ֮δѾǰȥˡ
֮󣬸ߺ̴ŭ
Լ˵عžعңʯġ
ºˣȻתˣɵƿڴеĹޣʼоתǽ


877 תһ
Ҳֲøߺع֮еߣתϱߣֱ෴ķ򰡡
οڵĸߺعıҲߣҪ뵽תѰ
ǣع򣬿ʼôһ֧صĹ顣
֧飬ȫ¶һߣҼʹڷ֮УٶȾȻһµģڿлŶΣʮֵ롣
˭ԻΪһ֧֮ʦʲôС֮
ԣ֧Ĺޣ󲿷ȫһĽ뵽عţưȻôһ֧ѵصľӡ
仰Ǳعһᡣ
İ治֪֧åʲôʱγɵģҲİտڰôۿɲС
ҪЩ֪ǰ֧ʥַġ֮ʦʵֻǽУһ֧ȫåӣ֪ǻôأ
˵˵ǵĹ˵֧ӵĻԻսһ⵽ǵ
ôѵصľӣå𣿶˵Ҳ̫ʵˣһ֮УһåҲˣܸå
ǣûпǵһ㣬֮һһå֧Ҳаٷ֮ٵĿܱһ֧å
Ǿ֧죬ֻҪһåǾ֮ǰåҲñå
һåһ֮У֧ӻåļֻǼڷ֮һ
ǣåҪΪӵ죬ô֧ӳΪåĿԣǰ˷֮ʮ֮ϣǸһﲻĸ죬Ȼһɹġ
ߺⲻһӣΪƢȻ֧鶼åһľӡ

һ·оߺ˿ʼ𽥵ĳعλϡ
ÿһΪ򣬷ֱǶϱĴټĽ
ߺΪ˴عߣĽ㻨˰ʱ䣬ʵϣֻ£ΪߺȼоԵʡ
ټϸߺȽΪǿȻ˵Ļ̵Ĺޣ°Ҳܹӱһߣһߡ
ΪʮĻߺҪüܸ꣬еֻ
һ㣬£ԽҲ£Ͻ£ǰʱ䡣
عֻ֮䣬ǿĻһʱ䡣
ٵֻڵǰ꣬⻹֧һֱôۣ£ȴϢĸ¡
ĸµʱȴΪ˻ָԼʵô˵ĻԽһʱһ룬룬ټֻԭ򣬿Ҫʱ䡣
ڸߺǧҪ뿪ǣȻĻԼʱְ׷ˡ
øߺΪŭǣԼ˵ҪϾ˵УͷȮڵߡ
ҲǱߣֻн뵽ǻߵĵطŻпҵͷȮһĳѨ
ڵĸߺЩڣȮһȫɱˣΪԷô˵ǴӵͷȮһ巴ѳģ˵֪ͷȮĳѨأ

ߺԽԽյƢҲԽԽʯ䵽˹УʹԼôǿҲٴӹҪˡ
Ҫ֪ʹʯʱʹ߻Ὣʯһͬߣʹô󷽣Ҳġ
֮Уʯ֮еλҲǰʮ֮Уʯͷ֮еڵһλϡ
ڶֻʯˣԿ͸˵ĽǰǿȻǻʯ˵ʯķνһǿĴԵֵ
ʯֻڵϣֻΪпʱԲеϣȴ׼ȷĿʱ䣬ʯֻڵ塣

ߺԭغһʱ䣬ѾعϽıԵϢء
һʱ䣬֮еÿζһգȻ󾡿Ȼٴһա
ģߺڸոͻƣ鸡ʼʵѾʮֵȹˣѾû˵ʱͻ̫鸡Ϣˡ
ٳ߸ͷһ
Ľӵ࿴ȻѾﵽǧڣٶߺզ֮࣬
ڸߺΪһĲʹָѾﵽ˰ǧ۷壬ʱҪͻеľ磬뵽ڡ
ֻҪߺﵽڣʹŵ𣬶ǸߺĶ֡
ʹڣһߺҲֻһĽ
̫ʱߺΪֱ绢
ߺѷδ˵ŬļȡѾΪıܡ
ԣٶȣԭ˵Ȼ˺ܶ౶ʮࡣ
ٶȲϣп̺֮ʱڴ˽⣬ҲǱ˵
ߺܹ֮ΪǰҪԭԼıˡ
һС̼ؤȻǰһḻһɵôԼʹߺôŬٶǱ߿
ҲԼ֮кԱһЩνſ̫ˣû̫Ŭ
ǣߺĴ̼̫ˣһڼŵȻһ٣ٶıߺԽȥˣЩܹˡ
ԣһĹ֮УҲʼŬ
ϺڷҲǣһûõˣȻߺԱˣǣȴܹôİõڸߺܱ֮
Ǹߺ£ְǱߺֹߺܵЩûбҪɧţһЩè߽ӽߺ
ǣǺ͸ߺ̫࣬˵ڣߺѾǾǧսܵˡ
ɸߺΪȴֻǰǧѣȫţһһЩľǧ߶Ÿߺ
ǸʱԼȴŲóǶ˵Ƕôķ̰
ԣںڷΪҲѾﵽ˱ǧĳ̶ȡ
ߺڷˣ߲ţ෴˵̫ʱȷʱǿߴʱ
ЩĬĬŵߣӵĽ֡
ֻǾĻ䣬ʵ̫ߣѾŬˡ
ԼЩΪˣ͸ߺڵĶһҲʼƴŬ
ߺ˵ڿٵţ֧飬ҲŸߺɳţһ֧ļ֮ʦ𽥵ĳɳ
ڸߺϢʱеĻɫռȻѿˣִֻ˳
Ȼ󣬴һӰɫĹٷ·棬һԲεĽ˸˸⡣
ĹǺȻһæ£в˵μת£


878 ת
ߺһ£Ǵ˵ֻֻʯ֮бչʲôʱģôֻأ
ЩȻǲῴģȻֻչ˵ǵҲʮ֮һ
ңعֻʮ֮УǿĴ֮һˡ
ֻʯȻʯȴҲʯԣ˵ǰΪֻʯˣֻҲǰ
ߺϸĹ۲ֻõͬЩһֲɫ׾˫ü޳һεס
Ŀһڶֻǵĵ˵ͷҲǴкˡ
ֻ۾鵽ϵʱȴȻһһӶԷ
һ֦û뵽㾹Ȼ뵽˵֮УȻʵûԷ۾
ߺĵԱߣʵܹ㣬ܲܿ
ҡҡͷɫࣺУ˿Ҳͬһ֮кΪѾﵽͨ컯ĵزҸ޷͸
ߺҲ˵ͷ˼ȻֻʯһͨǰͨƾôܿԷǰأ
ֻûٶ˵ʲô֮ģȻٶҲʮ֮ࡣ
ʮ֮⣬ǵʦµĵһޣͷȮ
֮⣬кܶδ֪ģûгɹΪԸͲΪǣǸͲҳ
ܹɾĴڣһЩС˵ǾԲϣ˳ǣпܳǵĴڣǾͻ᲻ĳ
سкܶӵкĴڣΪЩ⵽ɱ¾
ǿߣͻȡԷĺϣܹԴ˳Ϊ
û˳ɹߺǺֻ飬һ˲ٴˡ
زʣΪ
ЩģĻֵܽǣΪҲسʱγɵġ
ֻɺܶĺγɵģЩصһֻһѣϺܶࡣ
һʼʱæӦ֮飬ûЩ
ǣȵҪԸʱ򣬽ľˮУѾɾˣߺݻֿ
Ҳûа취ˣҲֻա
λǱȽϵ֮ҲûʲôˣΪ˵ֿǾֻѰһЩͬӵкĴڡ
Ȼضؽ̵ǣǿһЩǣȻһ·Ͻ̵ǣǳΪ
УҲһЩûгɳͱģǵһͳΪ˹˵֮Уٴβ
Ϊ˵֮еĵһҲǵȫԼ壬Ϊһ
˹ҲڵĹ𣬺Ȼ٣һеҪԷʱˮȻ˺ѿռ
ƴԼ˹һ
֮УĸڣҲû֪ΪʲôˮͻȻ֪ĴڣҲ֪ΪʲôˮðԼֻΪ˾ȹһ
ֻӴ˶˱Ϊѣڣû׵ʲô
ϣܹɳɣϾʵ̫ǿˣֻεĿЦ֮⣬ҪĵǣԷǧҪ
ڵ֮кȻĳĵزȻҪԳΪʮһ
ǰȥ۲죬ֶԷȻ˳ߣ֮еʮ޻й𣬸Ǳ۵ġ
ɴ˿϶ԷѾ׵ԻˣΪצ
ҾͶ֮䣬ǿӣ̻Գɾͽ˳УԳɾϴ
ԷǰҲ֪ʲôȻĽ̻һޣԳΪŷߡ
𿴺ŭаֻȥ̽顣
תԼĿ⣬ŵ˸ߺϣߺһ˲䣬Ȼһ¡

ǺˣתŸߺʵԸߺݣĺԻ
ߺЦЦûκξҲûκεĹ֮ɫ˼ҿ˹ģôܹڶֻϥأ
·ٶȣ˵Ǻܾ˵ģҪȻ㽫֧ң͵ת򣬾Ϳˣһ㣬ҵ˭
ߺʮֵԷԸߺݣǺܳԾΪ˵ǰ͸ˡ
Լʦ𣬹Ҳܹ͸ģңħҲܹ͸ġ
ģΪ࣬û͸Ĵڡ
߸ˣԼʶڵߺ˭أ᲻е˱仯أ
뵽⣬ֻһ񣬲е˭ԼʦͬĴڣȣԼʦһǳǰɡ
ҪˮĻǾ͸ˣԼʦѡ
˵ˣԽתʯǰתʯǰ߸𣬶תʯǰԼ
뵽⣬ת¶һ˿΢Цֻ΢ЦҪжˡ
תͬ˸ߺҪ󣬸ߺŲںԷʲôأֻҪԷ˹ͲԼΡ
˵Լô˵عĹȻûпعǹԼĵǹ֮ϵĹְҪ봦ͱ뾭Լͬ⡣
Ȼʮ޵ʦֵ˵һССֱǷУҲˡ
ҪǸߺǲͬˣ˼ҿǹյĹҪλĻ»жͬȼĴڡ
ҪɱͲôýˡ
൱һطĻʵۣȴɱһҵةԪ˧һسǿ൱ںݺݵĳ˶Էһưҳ˵
ȻؼĴڣߺо鱻һصţֻţϵ˺һĿռ䣬Ȼһİĵط
ߺһ·ϲϵĴʲôԷ֪֪ʯ˰ͷȮľۼ֮ذоֻոյȥˣ
ι˵ֻʯ֮бչôˣѲֻʯת֮У
ֻ
ô˵ΪֻʯתƵĵط˰ɣ
ֻɫʼڣ
оˣԲԸ˵ǸطԶɣҪȻôã͸ϻȥˣ
ֻȻɳĬϿʼһ˿˿亹ߺµԽԽˣֻЩɸߺݣɡ
ҪȻʵ벻ףߴתԼûκһܹôֻʯԡ
ߺȻµóԼÿһνֻʯ͸һֻ֣ʯͻὫԼͳĵطط̫п˽硣
пޱ޾Ļ֮УԽԽ˽ֻʯֻʯҲԶĵط
ΣȻȫԼ˻֮УŪüβزˡ


879 ת
㵽˭תԸߺԽˣҲ֮ǰ߸ϣڵıϥ
еĹ˰Ѫ궼ˣԼ˫ۣ󳤵ܹºüŶǲתôأתϢҲϢ
漸˽ʮ֮еת˶ǲԴɫģǸŷզذôԽǲϥģǾͷԸߺϥأ
Ҳ㲻񫰡ôΰǴ˵ĲԺ󽫵ĻҪﰡ
ԶԣȻǹܹôҲһܹôһҲܳɹǹ˴ѵľ֮ʦ

ߺåԽԽˣߺ֪Լ֮٣Ȼ֧˾ֽ꣬Լ󽫵뷨׵ľꡣ
Եˣɹƭ͵޶
øߺĻ˵ҪԵˣڲ˺Լ£ܹ͵ҲһҪ͵
ȻҲ˳Ŵ͸ˣܸ˺ģ۴СҪ

תٶȹȻǿ죬ߺ·̣Ȼֻһʱ䣬͸ϵˣٶȸߺǾԸϲϵġ
˺ѿռ̫ʱĵ֮Уߺ
ڸߺΪڵ֮еĿռȹ̶̳ȣ绹Ҫȹ̿£ԼþȫȻҲֻܽռһѷѡ
֪ԼϵĴ磬ظܲ˺ѿռ䣬ڸߺԷӦɣϾ۷ߣƷ۷壬ӽΪˡ
ô޷˺ѿռأǿߣ˺ѿռǱȻģҲֻпԸĻ֮أ޷˺ѿռɡ
ʹԷܹ˺ѿռ䣬ڵתȣǲ̫Զˣ̫Զˡ
߸޷Ტۣһ֮£ΨҶ𣬶ȴǣ֮УΨҶ𣬸Ͳһͬĵȼϡ
תľɫعľɫȫͬһĻɫһĻֻĴƮĻȴ˼
ɫҴңֱһȥ
ֻתɫȴôÿˣǸתǣԼʦǸطһµԼαչطһ
Ȼһ˳ߣɹԼĵ֮жɽٳɹˣңԼµĹȫȻɾӵĴڡ
֮У֪ûһߡ
Ϊ߱£ܹΪģȻ£ΪǾԲǴڵġ
ǵĴڴвأΪʲôҪڳʱ򣬽ɢɺ
Ȼһһ룬ȴأس
ǳֽľˮЩ飬ĶȻжпᣬЦ֡
ЩƾǵɹܻǣҿʼķչԼһԪأؼ䶼
ǣˣ֮ûʲôϵҪǣľ԰λ˿Ժİλ
ԣΪĴڣԶǲݵģûа취棬ʹ˳ӦҲԲǿģвԼĴڡ

Ҳ˵νĵزȫǱƻǣһ죬еȫʱὫЩҲɱȻļͳһҵ

ߺϰΪе˶ϰΪڵ֮Ĺʮֵֻص֮УЩͲӦôɫҴҡ
٣ӦһĹӦģΪЩӦǱǰļ䣬ΪĹһʱǻججġ
ȻȴŴ²ǣʮ޵ÿһΪеľ񣬶һ֣ǻᱻѺ޵ĵȥ
ǸطתĳֻǰûʲôеģŻĴ
ֻЩעˣûвɱ˵ߣΪᱻɱȻûвɱ˵ߣͲûвߡ
Щӵֻʸģ󲿷ֶͨˣҲռһ֣ǽգתȴûп
ھԼתܽĵطһԼϤϢǹϢǳǿҲǳĿԸӦܸӦˣԷľ硣
ʦιȻûңһ췴תɫ˵
ߺһ񺮣Щ̫ˣƽȻĸԼͽɢ췴Ϣ
תڶ˲ߺ˵ˣһʧڸߺȵǰ
ߺҲżˣϾѾתˣĴҲðⲻСĸǼƵģʯأ
ߺϣˣһ·Ҫûпһʯͷߺˣʲô°һ˭ģҲ̫ɾ˰ɡ
תǷԲһﶼûһʯͷڸߺоԼǰ̿ǰԼҪĵȥһˣԼͳҪˡ
УһҪԷ׵İס߶ԷҪȥģһҪԼʵڲУԼͰѺĹϵͱ
ߺа¾һ·϶ڳ˼
Ŀһ۸ߺƽʱ򣬸ߺһСеģҪǰ壬֮ľԿǲݴǿĻԼȵ޾ĺô
Ϊӽˣ֮սһЩȽŵԼĴµ⡣
ߺ˶ţѪ궼ţҪǿ֣һкܴġ
𰵰żʵڼòˣڿڵ㵹ǰȥ֮Ĵսǲ˰ǵĺôҲӦ֪
ߺڴӳ˼֮˹ҡҡͷǰȥεزػߣ
˵֮󣬸ߺʼ˼ʲô취ùԼĻʹԼ˵ǺģǶԷҲԼǽֵܰ
Ȼߺһֳȭ֣ˣô죡
ֻʯܹʾһ˵ǰΪֻҪԼùԼԷһĻͳ
գߺٶȺȻ˼֣Ľ档
ֻƬ̣תǰȻߺϣظʮλնߣƾնתɫڳǰվš
ǰȻʮֵĲңȴûпתϢ
ߺ˵ת¶һ¹ȻŶԷߣߣҹȥֻʯ
תȻЩ֣ǱϾԷʾԼĹˣָյҪҹ
һֻʯǰߺϸ磬ǺˣǻǽֵܣŲţ
һ仰ûתһ˵ԼһĽֵܣǿ֮һЦе㿪ˡ


880 Ӱ
ڸոռʱֻѾˣ𲢲ʶԷҲ˵ԷֻһСС
Ҫ˵֮е֮УʸΪֵܵģ߸ҲֻʮǾ֮еǰʮһ
ǰʮҲֻʮ
ǣ㣬ȴֻп߸ħֻ߸ѡ
֮Уǰʮһˮ𣬵ڶӦǻ𣬵Щ괫˵ʵͣͲǰ䵽˽ϡ
𣬵ʮľ𣬵ǻħУڰ𣬾˵ڻԱߣ⣬Уڼ壬ҲԳ
˭Ҳ֪˭Ҳ֪һ嵽ʲô⣬ֻ֪ı񣬾ֻƵġ
ߺܸ֮оЩ죬Ǻ֮Уڵνˡ
ھ죬ԳڵĵطǾһҲǳĴԳа˰ٷӣǾǰ˰ߣǧ޺ǧλʮڣһ۷̡
ţ֮Уھš
ʮܼ򵥣γ֮а۶ɵģӰȥ٣ʵôȴû֪
ֻһ㣬˵֮аʤС
ӦаǵھģֻаûʲôҲһ㣬Ϊڶֻ࣬ӵھ
ʵʵûмˮˣҲΪ֮ûʲôҲûзս
һԷʵΪһա
ǸʤеĴԣԼģаɢҲû֤ǷʲôҲͱ˵ˡ
Ϊн˲ڿټ֣˵ԼˣҲͳΪˡ

ȴʮڣĻûʲôʸ񣬸˵ݰӡ
˼ô˵Ҳǿڰ˭йССȥȥⲻԽ
ҽûͣҪ˵ƢаֲСڵҲаǣƢȻãֻǶԼʶˡ
˵ˮħˣԱ˴ǲٴɫģ˵Ͱ͵Ҫһȥ
˵תˣ𶼱ߺĻһҲ߯Ҫ˰ɣȻ˵оԷϵϢЩϤǲԼ˵ô޼ɵ
Ϳʼ׵ĿŸߺϵЦСӣ㲻ҪֳȻû㷢ʲôƢҲƢã
ߺʼһںӣ㿴ҵǰֻʯǿԿǰֹһ֪ˣ
𵭵ֻۣȴǿ˿Լʦʦ⣬ʲôҲӦʦ˵ûԼԵء
Դ룬˵ͷ˵Ĳֻʯܹ˵ǰСʮֻʯ鿴鿴ɣ
ؾʦ̫ʱҲһģҸӵĿţΪʮûˣ죬ǵˣأǿɶ𰡡
һܹסǣԼǾ
˵ǶʦأֱǷڵһλʦĻƴӣһ˿Υ
ԼʦæʩչԼĹøߺվǰôһӣһֻʯ֮С
ߺ⻹ǵһοֻʯأĿԲҪ鴫˵еֻʯʯ֮γɵĵڶʯͷĴڡ
ֻʯɸߣһСɽƵģʯͷϣȻ·һէȥȻ·ǰȴоôҲǲס·λ״
ֻʯ֮ϵ·Լζһߺô·ϵλãģߺ۾ʹˣоԼ·޾֮С
ȴôʲôһƬڣȴоڰǿ֮С
һӸߺԱ֣߳ߺܹǸԼСʱĻ档
ǸߺܹԼСʱӣԼĸʱģߺȴܹһټԼүүǸʱҲ
˵Լĸ׻໴ӤԼ
Լүүӣߺ˫ʶᣬ۰Լˣô쳣νı֮¡
ȻԼҲˣʲôãţԼүүԶزˡ
ҪǸʱĵ̫ͬʱĵҲ˵㣬ƾԼǿΪҪԼүүȳȫûġ
ƫƫǸʱĵѾܾûнˣߺ֪Щȥ굽ȥĶˣ
ǸҪߺǰʱʱպȻͣסˣΨиߺ˼άûͣס
һɫľ޴Ӱ޵Ŀռ֮Уһ̾Ϣܹݳǧȥ
ǸӰԽԽᣬ任һʮ˧ӡ
ߺȻôƣϢȴȻͬߺϵϢᲢãӶӡ
Ǹˣȴˮ࣬ԶôͿʹ꣬ɲᷳԷɿԷһ
ɣǸߺã˿̿»ĿԷס
ôУδԳ֣ڣʱԷڶԸߺ˵ֺ
üë΢΢һ壬ǰʮֵĲ⡣
ͬϸˮһߺĶ䣬ߺֻоԼľһ񣬾͸оԼ궼һ
ֻǿԷͶӰߺ֪ԼûлֵأֻǵĿŶԷһ仰Ҳ˵
Ӱָһ׶ʼߺȻķ֣ԼȻ޷ԷˣֻǼǵöԷǳ˧Լ޼
ڶԷָ֮Уһ⣬ֻ߶һ䣺ˮ£
ߺֻоԼǰǸ棬ȻʼͬˮеӰľȻˮϺȻһ磬ˮ浭Ĳˮ濪ʼģ
绯磬ˮ涼ʼˣһѣʧڸߺǰ
һˮɢˣʧڸߺǰûгֹһ
Ǹ޴ӰתԼŸߺ΢΢ЦЦߺ˲崺硣
ãС˧磡ոջʮļһȻôһ䣬ߺûˣʲôոջһʥģת͸ıˡ
һģ˵ͷߺ
û뵽ߺ˼·𱻶ԷˣʳָӵĿŸߺҡҡɲҪ˵ԺڵģԺĻ
ߺеĿ־Ҳʧˣͷ˴ڣҾڣǺҲ㣬׳գ
ߺָоǰӰԼûж⣬ƲɱԼ뷨
Ȼ뷨ͻأǣȷǸߺеʵ뷨


881 ķ
Ȼߺϣ˵ЦЦûж֮йҲûг֣ȻɫȻ䡣
СӣҾ㣬ôȻĻɥڴˣ
˵ţԷɢһ˿ߺֻоһӿϢɽߺ֮ѹ
֮ǿ󣬸ߺȻ˼᲻ûѹſ£ֻǼԼ˫ȲѹŹȥ
ߺҲһа֮ˣԷһѹҲǷߺͷ󺹣Ŭվš
ϵĹͷžž죬ѹˣ˫ȵĹͷһ˲ˣ۵ĸߺ亹ֱĿŶԷ
ãһİǣΪ⻰˵һ룬ԷͲ˵ˣߺҲ֪ԷҪ˵ʲôҲû˼ˡ
ܣתȴˣΪߺ徹Ȼôǰʧˡ
ֻʯǲܽУֻܹԷʶУǣֻʯȻָԭ״ˣߺʶͲ档
浽˭Ȼܹҵǰһ˻͵ˣһļһﰡɣ˫һУ˵֮ɱ硣
ǹĵˣڹΪǱΪ̫࣬ǾôϢĽߺطߵġ
ǣԷȴˣʱԼȻһ˿ûио
ҲǷ־ģͬǣֻǷΪڣڣڣޣĴ󾳽硣
ʮ𣬶۷Ϊڼʮǰͬľ磬Ϊࡣ
־磬ΪϲһȼǾصĲˣô˵һ磬ǾǴߣ̵Ĳ࣬ȫһȼĲࡣ
ʹڵܹ࣬ȵġ
ҪȻôܳأǣ˵ֻսѣͬĵȼҪԼǰȻǺѵġ
ҲֻѾǵ˳
ɶ񣬲ҪҴ㣬ҪȻңݺݵ߬߬ȭͷ
ô˵ԼҲ֪ԼҲ˵˵ѣʱԼܹסѾǲˡ
תȥһǼʦֵܣǸϿߣȫ˳׼ʹ
鿪ʼˣɵķ
ֻһһ㶵ģˣʮԴӿʼʱ򣬻۶֮⣬һ۾۵ʱ䶼ûˡ
Щǵȫˣʱе޶ˣǸڰĵزܹˡ
İ˰ֻ֣СѣֻЩĹֶΣһҲοοҪƾͣΪʦ㣿
ת˵ͷҲǣزôǿҲǿȥͶͿ
˳ȥټеޣֻسһ£ʵʦ쾻𡭡
ͬߣҪɱɲô򵥵ģȻתȻ˵ʦҪһ쾻йأ
Ŀתһۣһ֣浣͸Ҫˡ
ز쾻ߣȻԷ˳ˣǾҪȥ쾻ǲе˶˳ˡ
Ϊ˳ߵĻǡߺߣĿԳΪˣһúõģ׵ĸɾҪ׼ս
ǡʦ𣡡תɫǣֻһĻǲôĵģǣǿǧӣ˰޺
ǲԷУǣô˵ҲԿû뵽Ҫˡ

Ǹ޵֮УߺоԼ嶼ҪѿˣȻ⣬ͷȫΪĩ
ԷҲһǿߺ֮Уֻʣ껹ȱʱ򣬶ԷȻȥƣߺһɡ
Ȼʼ۹֮£ʼϵڳΪȫˡ
ߺϵĴŴȫĹⶼΪĩȻ壬ҪָѶҲ֪
ǸʱĸߺӤ磬˵ܵӤĹˣڵ֮У֮ܵʱյѹȣ嶼пܱ׵ĨɱΪޡ
طȻûѹԷҲûѹȣߺҴ⣬ԼȫĲԼָˡ

ٺ٣ǸӰӲЦţߺҪԷȴ֣Լ徹Ȼյ˺ܴ
壬һ㣬죬ǣ͸ոһĹ򣬸ߺȻĴһǧ壬ǧĿֲ׶Ρ
ߺոմһԷȻЦһٴζԸߺʼֲѹֱӴ֮ǰֹͣʱ򣬿ʼߺѹȥ
ȻٴνڽһߺĹͷѹۣȻ۶ϣĩ
Ҳøߺ־ǿҪȻĻƾԷֶΣ˵ߺûĥҲͱʹĥʹˡ
ָоٴһֻڹͷϵģʹ򱶣Ǹߺ־̫ǿߺˡ

ǵˣڶθߺɹָʱ򣬷Լ徹ȻԼΪ׶Ρ
ߺȷеһʲôƺȻô죬ʹΣգְ취Ҳð
Ǹʱʵ̫ˣߺĸоǣֻҪһǿ磬Լͷͳײˣɢġ
ʱ򣬳˶ᣬֻˡ
ǲܵģΪĳ̶ȣ֮󣬸ߺԲǰһˣϾ岻ͲܳΪ
ȻᣬǾͲܴ벽
ޣ͸˵ˣ˻ȪľǿȻǿȻܸߣǣϾԼǰĴʱҪһ
ƵѹƣΪֲȻߺ꿪ʼѹãš
ߺ걻Ӧˣǣ棬Ȼһϸ˿ڽ֮ǣţøߺ
Ȼߺ꣬Ǻһϵ㣬һ˿˿־Ӹߺ֮б
ЩǸߺձ˵꣬־
ʹֻϢѾ㹻־ˡ
ʮֵǿָҲȽǿڴߺ֮󣬸ߺõ˾顣
󣬸ߺ֣Լ꾹ȻǿһĵزҶ˺ܶණ
磬ڸߺ֮УȻһɫΡ
ң걻֮Ȼ࣬ҲӦǱСģڣߺȴĸоԼǿޱȣ֮ǰԼǿϰٱࡣ
ڱĸоֱʮֱֵǴֿɼߺԼٶȣȻҲ֮ǰ˺ܶࡣ
һٱʱ֮еɫˣȻһһ˸ţߺԴʱ
ڣߺΪȻѾﵽ۷壬ֻһ㣬ͿԵߣ嶼ǡ
ߺţصɫڣԼΪߵʱ䲻ܳ


882 
ߺоԼ̷ʣ֮ǰûĸоԼˡ
⻹ǴԼڼ֮УǸȱ֮󣬵һθоô泩ġ
֮޴ڵɫ֮Ÿߺ꣬ϵϴˢߺ֮е־˵øߺоֿɼ
ϵڵӦߺԴ֮УߺţֻҪԼԸ⣬ھΪҲö೤ʱ䡣
ǣߺûôΪ飬һֻᷢ˳ϣΪչˣǵʵٵ
ͱ˵ߺ֮ǰ˳ߣǹѾﵽ˿ֲ˾磬Ϊ֮ǰȸߺ࣬ڼ̵ʱ䣬ʹﵽ˲ĵز
ҪǸߺƾǿʵѾȥʱˡ
ߺǽ֮Լߵľ磬̰˺ܶࡣ
󣬸ߺɫĿԼǰǸ޴ӰˣĿڵλǰ㵽֮ʲôֽţ㵽ǲˣ
ڸߺЩԼĺ֢ˣ֪ɫ֮ʲô
ȻܹԴĸоôʱʱдоɫ֮У͸ߺ꣬ߺΪӿٵ
ߺûгΪ˳ߣҲ֪˳ΪģǣоǣԼٶȣͲˡ
ߺɣǸ޴ɫӰֻЦһ£ûлصߺĻ˵
ȥֹһҪ֪ˣҪģʱһȻͳˣȻǰǣҪ
˵ţǸӰӾȻı䵭ʧڸߺǰ
棬ʮѾۼˣȻһǳȴͬ
иߣݣϣף˧гУŮ
УֻŮģһǳһòŮ̬ǧ˸оȻ
һһС򣬳ɰܹһһܹǧΪ֮㵹ľŮ
ؼСƽһһĸ֣һ᳤ˡ
תʮޣֻȴʮˣʮ֮⣬һǿĴڣһ
壬ϵĿԣ·ʱҪһǵ֮Уʮޱ֮𼶸֡
ʦѣ֮У˹Ȼ
˾֮Уŷɥţ˵˵Ĺʮֶ죬Ȼ˱¶˲Լڸʲô
ս֮УǷǹߣȫԼķ׸
˵ĹȴǺһ˷ӦҲȫֿܹĹˡ
Ȼ£빥ǿ໥ϣǾȫ޵УԼĻǵǿ¡
ڵĻ˵ǺܺõĸȴǺõ
˾Ǻųƣܹȴһʹ࣬ȴǰţֻ֮¡
Ϊ˭Ҫ֮սֻһƽֵ³Է嶼ͻᱻϵֹͣ
Ϊһ㣬ûг̣Ǿǳȴ֮ǰ飬ֻаٷ֮һĿܣſͨĳ飬֮ǰļ䣬ȴҲȫˡ
˵֮УŵǺģʮ־ĹϽΧ֮ڣλǵĵλ֮ϡ
ʮ־ģһ˿ð
һҪķԼĵôһ֮󱬷ԼƬ군ˡ
µĹޣȫԼݣǱȽϿµˣʱԼ־ʶˣȫ췴
ѲɣԼȫ˲ɣǵ֮еĹҪʮ֮һ
סһľȣǰʩһ񣺡¼ǰ
Ҳû̹ȻһȻĬĬĵ˵ͷûôһӣƾΪҾͲţ·ܶ
ǾǣţôǿΪԺпһҪȥ࿴СƽǸСıŵߣĵ
ŵȴһµȥˣСͷʮˣĲ˰
˺ôЦʱǰһߺӰȻ˵ǰ
ߺԼ˫ۣһǰЩˣÿһ˵ΪԼ͸ԶԼǿ
ټЩ˵װתȻһ޶ߺԶ϶ǰʮˣضǹµʮͽܣҲʮޡ
ǱߵǸߺ治֪˭ˣֻ˿̬ӣϢȴʮֵޣš
һְ˿ʮ־Ҳ𼶱ĸ֣
ߺ˫΢У뵽û뵽ôǿ󣬹Ѿʮ֮ˣʮ𼶱־
ټڵ¾ܹ֮Ϊа
磬ʮô࣬ˣħ𣬸ͲܳΪ֮ˣȻʱס磬ǣȴ
ĴڣҪôǿĴڣֻˣǵͲüˡ
ϧǣսͲ룬Ҫ룬ûдڵϣˡ
ΪҲֻѣһûһܹ۷徳ģҲڶѡ
ߣҪɱ٣ܹɱ٣ԱߵŶս
ߺһ֮æ񣬵ǣȻȴҲԱϥԵúܴ
С磬˧ʲôҽƽƽǸСƽȻĳ˵˵ץŸߺ䡣
ߺ˲Էô˵Ҳһ𣬼ʹһСģΪǲٵġ
ǶԷڳ֣ԼôԼӦĻᶼûС
뵽⣬ߺסЦԼˣ˵ǾǾԶˣԷ֣ԼҲӦ
뵽⣬ߺķЩȻˣеƹˤȻˣǻʲôã
һô˵һϼһɣƾԼۣԼ
ûɸߺ룬ΪתѾˣǲʵĺ쳹⵽ô£Ϊʲôأ
ΪΪת˵ʵ̫ˣߺνֻʯ֮г֮תȲĳȥȻֻʯһĴ
һ˵ĽֻʯϾȻʾһʺų飬תƿֻʯˣڹˮϿĻûС
ʮ֣һڱԼݵߺԲǰ
ת˵ʱе˶ţ𶼲顣


883 ߺ
æֻʯǰֻʯϣʾһġûʾκεϡ
ⲻɵе˳˼𵱳ʵһ£ֻʯǰסԼǰϣʮֵѣԼһʵ
ҪǰݣҪһҲǱԼҪǿһʵ
֮Уܹʵģֻ˶ѡ
һǿĴڣǰ֮УֱǲѴ֮ʮֵļ򵥾ܹɹ
ڶ֮Уų֮µһˣҲǵһˮ
ԷʵѾ뵽ɲĵزˣ˵ˮѾ뵽ڵľˣֻû֤ʵѡ
ˮҲȽϵҲûиκˣ鵽ǲģԵڻû
Ϊˮѣħ𣬽ľ𣬶ֻ֪ڵˮ𲻿Уǣȴ֪ˮʵΡ
ҲֻˮܹʵˮĽ뵽ڵĻ
˵˵ĴѾﵽ˿ԿĵزҲʽΪδᷢʱ򣬶ЩӦ

㲻˳߰ɣӦòᣬֵ᷶ͼĴ󣬽ôһǱ£˵İΧȦ֮УոģƷԼۡ
ߺ츳ʵ̫ˣԼ˵ǲôںΪûа취øߺΪ𣬸ߺ֮ûкĴڣҲûа취øߺ߳һ
ⲻԣЩմ˺ܶ׳ԼֳһһлΪųΪͲڻ¡
һǿɵɱⲻµ
ߺҲǺܵģǶԷ滳ɵĻǸߺֱӽԼڵľͷųˣ˾磬ǵ͵ߡ
ڣǾԲܳΪ˳ߵģ˳ߣ˾ͻᱻת˾硣
ԣߺǺܵģ˵ڵҲûпȥʲôΪƣӦԼǰС
ֻʮģȴôճˣңߺ뵽ԷѾǼʮϼһˣоͲɵôһս
תȻһ㣬ĵֻʯ⣬˵ֻʯһ
ŵֻһԼʦһǰֻʯˡ
ڣֻʯȻһ϶鲻Щ񣬱ץģһֻӡ
УпֻʯҪԤȣովһССĴ֧Ӷֻ˻š
תɵɵӦһǵļ֮Уתûзȴˣֱ̫˲˼ˡ
һˣߺ֧Ӿͱ˽Ѫ꣬վֻʯǰ
һ֡ʹѪһޣȻһĻ棬ѪĽһ棬ޱһδεչֳ
ͬŻõƬһֻŵʮֵĿ죬ЩٶΪ濴塣
ʹһЩΪҲоʲôֻǸоֻʯһһģֻǲǵܱǷһŵĻ棬ȴҲòǺ
ѪһȻ㲻ǺңȴܹԷʮֵѪԣһж
ѪҪԼǰʱֻȴֹͣΪ֮УǱƵġ
ҪһǼԼǰ˵Էľ
һ˻ǹвͱˡ
ǣѪһȻƽӹڸߺԱ߲ƽһĴǷ˵Ѫһġ
һЩ˵ǵľǾʻǾգȴе˶ôΪ
Щʮ˵ÿһ˵ľһξ֣ѪľȻǷˡ
ǣһγֵʱ˵ʼùЩŹֵĿѪߺ
Ƕμ֮УߺŽŵĴȻָӾӣˣåֶΣе־֧Ӽֱ̫åˡ
е˶֧ӣ֧ӵ첻
Ҳĳֱǿɹƭð
һΣϧ¹Ȼڵ˳Ͷʱ򣬺Ȼ𣬽Լǰֺ޷ĵɱһɶ
Ǹˮ
ù⣬ת֮ͣһ£е˶ġ
뿴֧ӻûƤˣȻֲҪΪ
ʮ־۾ǣֻ𲻵ûв˼һư԰֮ɫԱң֮侹Ȼʱȵļ
һޣֻƷߵΪһƷߣֽǺԵģԲܵеù
ȻĹӣһҪԼ˵Ľһ
ǸƷ߲ɵõͷЦʱȻ˫ʹԼȻ̧ȥ֮ƣײǸ
ʹ棬ʹߣҲܽǸطͬǸطԶһ˵
ǣǸƷ˲䱭ˣնɱˡ
ٿ˵ף֧ӢۣеĹĽĿȻ󰵺ǸƷߣѡ˭ãƬƬѡˣ˼˰ɡ
Щһģ׷ĽĿ޲˫λԼΪǸƵġ
ʸøߺȡֺ񲻴СХš
ÿ֣ߺоһΣԼԷȡֲХףСޣԱߵĺڷ𣬸֡
ÿ뵽ߺ̲סһŭĽʲô°
桭å˰죬ֻһʶѣʲô벻ˣΪûбʣܹ֧ÿһԱˡ
Ѫ궼ˣԭѪҲĹޣڱߺ̳åͷˡ
ǹ֮еÿһԱǣÿһֻʯǰʵһ֣֤˵֣ȻٽйڽĻ档
ֱڷʾȴڳĬȻʮޡ
ڷ˫ֽţָ״̽Уδ֪Ѫʼϡ
֮ԱƣֻͬľͲͬԸ񰡣ǿֲճһ¡
ԽķˣΪЩѾˣ뵽ҵ򣬴󲿷ѾתΪĳΪ׸Ĵڣ
һ֣Ǳ׵ˣ궼ĩɣЩҵʦͿԸ㣡
Ȼ󣬸ߺٴվֻʯǰͬϣдһʺš
ߺĸе̣ô˵ҲӦýԼ˵һչֳɣŪС򲻶ϵĴߴԼ
㵽ʲôˣ


884 ɱ
ƽʯ쾪ʻߺоԼܴаǸ
˵ʵȻǲҲе̫˰ɣô˵ҲӦԼʾһֳŪĴҶ֪ԼǲˡޣԼʲôأ
ԼôܲأǸǿĴڸģǿɶҪǱټһΣһҪúõʰ
ߺĥȭƵ뵽ȴѾʮˣڵĥȭƵҪˣץ
ߺǰһ¸ߺ֡
û£ⲻ𣿡
ûнвԣΪߺķԣҽţҵţǲСĿӣһ˴
Ļߺĵ㣬ûвԹõģøߺĵȴĻ
֤ʼ֤Լһ·ϲҪʮֵĳɹѾʼԼˡ
ǸߺջˣʹڹԼҲûʲôϵˡ
һΣԼʵõܴԼģڵĸߺƾԼ۷ͿһһƷ࿹ˡ
ԼԪԼ۷ټϿֲ˾磬ǿһһƷǸߺĶ֡
ĻôߺͳΪ֮䣬ΪӭսΪĴˣݳɾ;ǿ˸Žˡ
ټϣԼʱܹͻڵΪߺоһεջѾǷǳķˡ
ԣֻʯܽԼݵǸչڹǰߺҲǺˡ
Ǹ޴ӰܹôԴԼʵԼû˺֮⣬һԼ˼ңǻҲ֪Լʵݡ
һܣߺҪҵҪõϿɶС
ΪԷ񲢲ֹ֪Լһݣп֪ԼһݣԷֱܵӣ֪
ֻǽĻԷһôĽţȻ˵ߺĽһ·Ϊٶȼ졣
ǣԷܹ۾ߺݱǿڣôأ
ҲΨһܣǾǶԷ֪ߺǰôĴڣŻôİԼء
ߺԼ翵ǰԽԽˣ𿴵ԼʱҲҪԼΪͽЦжж
Ǹʱ򣬸ߺ֪һ֪ԼݣҲǲԼϧ֮ϵΣյ֮һи˸ߺ
ҶԸߺضؽ̵øߺԼʱԿԼǰǶԸոԼǰӰǹ˵ʮҪ
뵽⣬ոջͷɥĸߺȻվô˵ԼǰǸţǺʮƽƽĴڰɡ

ڸߺʱȻ˴˵زȻˡ
һ˵ʮǰ˴ףһ£
ո˵һ룬ֹͣ˵ˣɫĵ˵ͷ˽⵽ʲôȻĿ˸ߺһۡ
˵ҽز֮УԶȻٷ
˵֮ٴο˸ߺһۣǼᶨƵ֮УȻʼ˿˿ɻ󣬺Ըߺݸӵĺˡ
ߺһݣ֪̾ˣһǽӵʲôˣ»ǸԼйأҪȻԷԼһۡ
˵֮󣬹һתʧڸߺǰͿһ˿Ŀռѷ죬ռ䲨û
Ҫ˵ǼµٶȶܵĴſɶģԣתѼǧʱ䣬һĲ˽ƣת˭ô׵ƿֹ
ǹҪϢƿҲһЩѶء
˵ߵʱ򣬾ֱӴطߵģô˵ԷĿռ֮Ѿﵽ˷ָĿµزˡ
ʮ޼ţתռĽƳ֮󣬾ȫʧռ֮С
ߺԼľ˳ȥˣȻתٽƲϡ
սߺ˲Ǻֻ˵ʮ޻صԼʱ˶ɫ԰ףЩ
ǵزûû֪ʲô¾ֻвμӹս˲ˡ
ʼնûϢ֪Ƿˣʼնˡ
ǣһȴʮȷģǾǵزҲûгߺҲȽϺ棬ںҲû˵زĴ˵
ʮޣںķ䵹еģţظߺо졣
ŸǶ꣬زߺû˵Ҳ˵زҲ꼻һֶѣһսزпˡ
ߺҲżˣֻǽĿʼعǸȥޱ߼ʵĴҹ䣬ȻƾԼеĹԤĵˡ
˼߸ոշңߺһһǡֱӸʰˡ
Щײеҵ޻ҾˣⶼʲôåӰǰһ̻Ǹء
Ⱦƣʲô򰡣ǸԸ⣬ֱͶˣ
һֱ̾ӶӰǱ׼Ļɢɶǣ˼ʲô˼ƹ͵Ϯİשҧˣȣвá
ǰЩҾǿӿˣеҾŷӣӲĸɴˣ֧ǰԱƵģֱͨĹҪ˳һٱ
ǵãڸߺ·޵ǸʱǸһѻ֣ǿһһްڵа֮Уʮֵײˡ
ֻΪһ㣬ûô񣬱ϾȮĺеͷȮһΪأΪˣȻͽһ㡣
˵ײѻһ㶼ȵȮ
ҪȻҲڵλãǿߺһ֮ҡͷβǴһЩСèһɡ
ߺµܼ򵥣ǧһһֻѻΪ
ʣһЩߺҲûзŹȫԼ֮У룬ԼȥĻ»ǲãֱӴͷ
ǽЩѻȫĶؿռ䣬Ѫ˽ơ
Ѫô˵һƷߣǱЩѻǿˣǿѻҲֻƷߵΪ
ѪµأҲֻѪܹ
Щȫڻ£øߺͳͳˣԼһֻûҪΪʹߺҪߵʱ򣬾ܴѻ
˵Сǿǵ֮ǿĹޣЩѻֻǿ
һӣһɾѻһ壬ӽԺ󣬿ʧȥˣҲûбĵԻһˣֻֻ
ߺһпˣĹɾģҾĵطӶ߽׵Ҿշðǽһɾ


885 Ѫ
ѻҲǹùģȻ˸ߺһ֧ˣеǿˡ
氡Լֻģע⣬ȻӶЩĲƱٴ
ʵʮ޹Ͻĵ֮УҶ뷨
ҲǵȮ֣ûߵģŻŵ߸ʮ޵ͳΣ޴ġ
еͷȮıԲ֪ʮ޵жǿ󣬲Ż޲ɼ뷨
һ֣֪ηĴˣոڵ֮еģһطİ֮Ҳ뽫Լ̤顣
ЩһĽֶǺܱҵģǳ˹֮£ɢȫʧ֮С

ߺһ·ɱ߹·̣ȻںʯˣǶתҲûʲôˡ
ңڵĹ䲻˭֪ȥˡ
֮УΨһ֪ʮһˣҲʮţȫǱչزˡ
ʱ˵ʯˣѯʵͷȮϳǲܵˡ
ȻȷͷȮϳعıٱߣǸߺ׼ȥ̽һˡ
Ǹطʮ޵ĹΧ֮⣬ʱҲû˿ȥǸطΪˣ˵֮еĲ֮ء
ǸطĺõطȻԼ֧ӣԼҪе޳ˣǻȱĶ
ǾѪʿԣߺһʼʱֻѣǣģߺ֣֮еĹ࣬ļ֮ʦȴûС
Լô˵Ҳǵ֮ԵҲЩ飬Ȼ˵Ǳ˵ǣϾЩġ
ԴԼߵʱͽ뵽˵֮УȻһģ۽ףʥߣ漶һ
ȻΪͻƵģǣԼ֮еһ󲿷֣ȫڵȹġ
ңߺ粢ûʲôøУǵһĺøУ˽ǹУһֻؼҵĹС
ֻϧں˽ֻʣ½һ龻ˣе򣬶ħռˡ
ںҲԼǽֵܣ˵һҵ֮ˣɶǸߺӵĴڡ
˵õĺҲΪߺһûмѣеֻ£뵱գǺҲֻֽڣ죬֣գһЩѡ
Ȼڻҵ֮У˻ҵ֮Ȼǹ𣬵Ȼ֮ǰĻз׵
ôȴˣߺҲֻʮѶѣһ˼˵Ƿǳٵġ
ߺʧȥѣҲϧλѣҪΪδʲô
ܻصڣֱ̫ˣЩԼһҪѵĳʤ֮ʦǶԵõʲô취ֻҪԼãʲôǿԵġ
ÿÿ뵽⣬ߺо͸ѵ֧ӣҽھ֮еš
ֻ´֧ӣԼΪȴԼʮޣûʸʲô
֧֮УԼˣ˭ҲΥ߱
Ǹߺ¹ľ棬û֮һģǸߺ˵ľԶľ
֧֮УӸߺ쿪ʼֻиߺһ˿´ľһ
ǾеǾе˭Ҳܹҡ֧ӵľꡣ
֮һڶǣߺڣǹ´˳ĵһ
ǹûʲôĻ֧飬Ҫ𣬺ڷѪ
ֻҪ˸ΥһҲǱն⡣
´Щߺͽſʼǵʮ֮ڣһףȻÿԼԼٶ⣬Ϊ
ǳĳ谡ıΪǿһ֮ж̧ͷ
ڼÿٶ⣬Щһһû£Ϳʼƴĳ̶ȼֱ
ϧԼˣһʼ滹һЩ˷
Щѻֻ֪֧ӵĿ£֪µ֧
ߺǽ֧ŷɥĴڣЩѻ֮Уһ˿˿Ե
ȫͲƽ֮еǿǿߣߵĲ蹵
һףǿһȽ׵ĶҪٱŬǣǵµʵ̫ˣ

ߺȻҲЩҥԷ粨ʱİŭһԵҵʬЧȣ
ʱеѻΪߺֻ˵˵ѣûе棬Ͼ֧棬ǿѪ꣬ǻǿΪ裬ǲɶõġ
ܾôɱǣֻʩͷѣֻҪǾͻҥԲϣʼնøߺĿġ
ǣǴˣֱһֻͬ屻䳹ǵıնƬʱǾͷ֣Ĵˡ
֧֮УȨľȻǿĹޣֻΪߡ
û뵽ǣߺûǵһ¡
ɱǸͬʱ򣬸ߺ棬Ŀ˱ۼѻһ壬Ŀڵ
ǡΪҲɱ¾𣿡
ߺĻû˵꣬һԻһվ˳ĿŸߺ
ˣҵͲҵȺҵȶΪսʿûڵ˵УȴԼУ㲻ã̫ǵսʿˣ
Ժ󣬻˭ԸΪһ챻ڱͱ˵ӣݺˣǶ֪
һĶĵĻǱĹȻȻĶȻԸߺġ
ߵ֮УֻʵҪģһʵԼ΢֮ϣȻһľʵˣ¡
ȻĻʷϾͲôĳˡ
ǣǻģȴֻЩЦǵȻ֪ڵĸߺʵǿ
Ǹǵãߺڼ֮ǰһССǧȻһ֮󣬱Ϊǧˡ
һ󣬾ȻԾʽĳΪ۷ǿߣһƷߣǶԷĶ֡
е˶۷ˣټϸߺҲǻӹ˵ģضеġ
˵ҪǳΪŷɥĳʤ֮ʦڣߺѾˡ
ߣ֧ӵšͻδսӡ
ΪʲôȡΪأåĽ塣
ǣЩһﲻţո˵Ǹ𣬾ȻҪ˵ЩʲôߺֻԼʵֻһȭͽԷӡ
꣬ǼЩѻԣȻӶıڶŸߺ
ûսͱΧܵ߸նΡ


886 
Щѻ뽫ĿڶСӸϳȥͿˬˣΪߣȴĴ󽫡
һģֺǰ߶
θ޷ܣԼʹս֮УѻһĻͱ˵˵
뽫СӸϳȥҪȻѻһͷ֧飡
еѻĵȴΪ⣬ǿԼôҲһ֧ǿѪܹΡ
һ֧ӵпô˵ҲһôĴ󽫸Ծ
ʹѪ겻ѡҲɱǣϾһ֧ﰡ
ԣǴΰ˼ɵڸߺǰڳһԶ˵ģѱ
ǣעʧܣΪ֧֮Уߺľ֧꣬Դ
ͺñȻʵһȻʵ۵ʵпܱȲһСǣʵ֮ضģǰٷְֵٰܾսпܷΪʤ
ߺ֮УĴڡ
ңóϷʵȻǿģҪ˵ٶȣȴǳڹȥ
һԽսĳţ棬սǣһʤΪĿ꣬ǻÿÿǴʤ顣
˳ᢣʤǧ֮⣬Ҳˡ
£ǬеĴ󽫡ߺ
ԣѻĻһʵеĹоֱӷŭˣѪ궼Ǻ޲ȥӡ
òԼľвôһţôһиߺڣеĵˣʹǰվŵһ
ǶҳìԶԣܲǰȥɱ
ЩȴҪѸߺȥʲô뷨ѲҪԼ֧ٱԭβŸ
ϧߺû´ԣһɹĥȭ͵Ÿߺһ£ȥء
ߺһеĹ͸ƵģԼеķŭȫйȺС֮ϡ
ֻߺ˵Ĳˣɱ

ֱߺĶ֣Щѻ֪ߺ˵˵Ҳжֽһȫɱ˼ˡ
Ҳǵһο˸ߺĿ£Ϊģ߲һУҶԷûʹãֻ壬ͳɹĽ֮ɱˡ
һƷΪѻҪԸߺ֣ȻҲǶ֣ߺˣһڱֱ֣Ӹˡ
죬֪ˣ֧Ŀ£֮ĹƽսƽսЩһͲмڹˡ
ڸߺνӢһЦǹϵս
ӢȻܵǵİǣӢҪȥȴԶô򵥣վģԶ۶Ӣۡ
ʲô޳ܣȺԶ٣Ǽҳ㷹һ
ɱֵȴֱ֣ȺŹһºֵģ࣬ٵķɱԷ
ҪҪɱˣǲôǿǵѻ֮УΪߵֻѻܲˣߺ޵Ŀǰļһ
ߺЦһһӣеĹֹͣսֱָֻЩѻֻҪǸҶһ£˹̴ꪾȥ
ʹҪһ˿ڣУֻҪ£ֻ֤һ̾ͻһʬ
ʹô죿Ǿֻţ˭ǵ˲ǵļһ
ʹΪʹҲᱻ˲ɱ¼ʹǿ־壬ʹҲٶ֣ɪɪȨûС
ǸҲ֪ˣ֧֮УȨĲԼˣǸʵǳǿƷߵĹ
ֻǱԹһ¶ѣ˵Ҳûд󰡣ɫߵ˸ߺǰֻûпߺʮɢĹꪾͷŵǰ
һâ¶ĺֱıӡ
Ƕʮꪵ˿ɶƷߣĸǺˣǰˣѪıС
ô˵£ôɱ£Ͳĺ𣿡ߺ޵ĵˣոͱ˵øߺջس
ߺһЦʲôĺҵ£ȴĴҡģҸţֻǰ̩ʱڣǵԺ˶ջĻǾԻ̷ˮҾأ£֮
ߺһ仰еĹ亹ˣǰ˵ûǸΥվ͸ҳԼˣʱԼȾǱܵа
ԭҲ룬ôһôɱǲ̫ϧ˵㰡
ߺôһ˵̶ԸߺͶأ˼ң˵оݰΪǺð
뵽еĹжԸߺôµ棬жԵԻޱȷߺޡ
Ⱥʲô⣿
һ֮󣬸缸һʹɫꪹͬǰΧȦһѻϡ
ѻôùȥˣ֪׾Ȼǻһ仰
ܵûжģΪոǸѻǣƣһŵµء
Ҫֻѻ֪ǵ뷨ԻԩĴޣİû˰һֱʵʵſšڶ͸˵ˣˣùϢˣôԵ޹ʵôһ£
û˻ȥһ㣬ΪЩѻԼܱܲס֪˾˰ɣԼʲô£
⻹Ҫɱأпոɥȥ
˸ߺ仰ѻɫ׵ĺ
û뵽ߺȻĻȻߺ˵Щˣʱǲûᷴˮ
ǣȴʵ˵룬ȷ룬ڸߺ֧Σյʱ֧ĵһл˲佫ɶ
û뵽ȴΪһ飬ԼĴ㳹׵Ļˣøߺ³Լе뷨
޾ǹޣȻʵǿıƣǻ̩ɽǰ治ɫĵزȻϱˡ
Ѫһȥˣû뵽󽫾Ȼ˵ˣЩһǸȻһֱҪݺǡ
뵽Ѫŭ쳣תԸߺ£һδɢļһȫɱ
ڸߺξ֮ϣǰδţһжɸߺ
ǰһǿĵˣߺñֻҧҲԾñġ
ߺ˵ĻĵǾԲΥġ
áɱ
һ仰ߺû˵󶯣Ϊߺһָո³еĹ涼ɢ˸˸⣬һ̾Ҫ֡
ѾǺܶˣһ£Լڣе˶˲䱻
һϢֻҪ㲻ɱǣҾ͸㣡ǻʹ˵Ǻ˵
ߺɫûʲô仯ֻǵ˵˵
˵ڤ֪䡣ѻʹĵ˵޴Ļһᡣ
˸ߺȫһ󾪺ĿŻѪ꣺ôܣڤֻڴ˵֮Уֻй˵һ䣬ľʮޣ֪


887 ѵ
ߺʱյˣ֮󷴵Ǻܲ죬ֵĿһ𿴵ߺ飬Ըߺ˽⣬ߺһǸ㲻ǵڤǿˡ
ضˮĵӣԼʶߺڷ˵Ҳ֪ǿ϶ٱ
Ľͣߺˣ֪Ҳǽס˫һ
ڤ֮еĵϢĲ˵ڤʮһʮʱʮ֮졣
ңڤҪγɣϼѣʮʮ귢ѿҪ볤ҪʵģҪһꡣ
ڤÿһνֻʮöڤֱǹӦ󰡣ڤĴڣ˲ڣֻֻʮöÿһγ֣ͻһƬѪȷ硣

Ҳ˵ֻǽһιʵҪٶʱ䣬ܹõ
ӵһöڤˣ϶ӵǿ󣬻ڤǻٴγᣬ͵£õģԶǵõĵ
ûõģȴԶֻкٵļܹá

ҵڤʮֵĴڽĹ֮УֻҪһ˽֮Ữ𣬾ͻ᳹׵
ңڤɣڳյ֮ĽƳɷǳǿֻǵڤɣһ£ܹһƷ𼶱̺ǿĵ֮
һЩ޸Ƕ֣žҪ䵽ߵУ֮ܽõĳ뻯ﵽǳǿЧ
˵ͨһƷԵУʡٷʷֱɣô˹ıǾͻ߳߳ɰ롣
кܴļʳɹսʤˣ֮ѹãɲ˵˵ġʵڵģǷǳǿġ
ǵ֮ǵ֮һ㣬ֻҪõ˵֮У̿ʼѣεĸо
Ҫֿ֮Ҳȫܵģֻս֮УһСľͻɥĽʱ̣һζСʲôʤʾִһ֡
ڤҶӣ˵Ҳ൱õġ
˵Լӹ꣬ӵļ̣õţĹĻڴ켣Ӧĸӵ
˵ڤʹ죬ҲԴ˵ʵ
߶Ȳôãǵ⿪ʼ˵ڤϣʼ޽ƵĲɷ
µڤļ٣ԭڵ֮ж洦ɼĵڤʼı١
ֱǧǰĵڤʧҲû˿Կõˡ
󣬵ڤΪ˵ҲûʶҲû˼ˡ
ǣݹԼ˵ڤҩǵڤĶٱࡣ
ڵĸߺֻҪһöͺп˴ﵽ۷壬ֻпܶѣȴǾԡ
ǣһڤܹʮöĹߺǳˣ㲻ܹͻƣҲԸδͻ֮·
ѻһ廹ǳǿʱҵһǳصĵطǸطеڤ
ֻǸʱֻǺСһꡣ
ѻһ廹ڵͷȮ£ΪԺ̣Ȼѡ˳
ʱȮһʮֵŴ£ѻһչ
˫ʵ𣬵Ȯû۷ȮѻûԼһĻ
Ǹʱ˫ĸ߽׹ޣһսʧĲࡣ
ǵͷȮԸɱԳֹ˫սҲӴ˽
ȮһûзͷȮǼڵͷȮյӻ
ѻһ壬֮Уǲǵĳ췴ɱɱˣᶫ
ǵʵҲټһ㶼أɳĹһ㶼ƷǸͣԾȻûйԽǡ
췴棬˸ߺһС
ˣ췴˵˵ģ췴֮Ҳ䣬ͿԽġ
췴ֻܹɹȥ
ǣǿɲǵȮټʶļһǿ֪֮Уʮ޵ΪɲǰģΪ
ɵƵģȥǳأǱɰҲǳ췴Ĵ죬ССֶѡ
ʮҲ֪飬ԵҲû¶ȥɱǡ
ʦȻҲ֪飬ҲûдԵıȥַ
Ǿ͵ùˣΪߺɲ֪飬ԼϷɸߺˣȻ첿ַˡ
ȻѻһͱˣΪ˸ߺĽΪǵøߺ죬пˡ
ô󽫸£Ϣܻܲȡǵѻڤҩжǿ
ԣ˵֮УȻһ˿ԺϷʡ
ҿ϶Լ빻أߺһܾġ
û뵽ߺǴϻ֮ˣû廵ͷԡ
ЩһҲ˷ܵǵ̺죬ڷֱӱ޴ҸΧţֵκģҲˡ
Ͼεʵ̫ˣǿǵڤֻҪõʵ
ֻһ飬⣬Ūãµ˵ڤǰѾﷴˡ
棬ư׶ġ
κˣھ޴ǰܹıһǰжҡġ
ȴߺߺǱͷһ㣬ټϱģǷǳļᶨǳѶҡ
ߣʲôѲҪеĵڤߺԼĴһ˵еĹˣ΢վڸߺǰ
ǹ亹ĻԻͷ󺹣ڷ֪ˣǺˮֱͬСϪһȻ䣬ȴеԼ궯
е˶ڻɣߺǲạ̊́ЩҲȫˣǰ
ҪôĻȻеʧҲ˵Щʲô
ߺЦЦǺͿҸߺеڤҸߺֻöö취λֵƽֵģ
Ÿߺһ仰еĹһ񣬶԰ԼԻ˵ģһҾȻȫˡ
ԹΪһУ飡еĹͬĵ
ѻһϢ֧ŪľɢԼл֧ӡ
ǲ룬ߺһ仰˶ԷеĸңĸӼˣֱβơ
ڣҪǣȺһȫסˣѡһͷޣ֮ӡԼӡһͷͷǸҷģն⣡
ߺŲȺѻأով֪һȺ޳СˣǳŴҾĻɢһپͿԽԼơ
ĻУЩѻԶˡ
ǵСȫգֻҪһЩѻڷ
Щɱģռ֮еѻ䣬Щһﻹֲ巢ʲôأһͱӡ
ģһɱ⡣
һ·عıȥһ·ֹסɱ¾øߺѵ
ЩһǿҲǣûйѻͬӵǿʵҪսĬȡ


888 
֧֮нٶȶ࣬ٲ֮ǰҪһ°µģҪͣһʱա
֮ȫһϣһ߻ָԼʵȻĵĲ˵ʱٽ֮ԼĿռ䣬Ȼ֧鼲ָۣ
췴ȫգȻһȥԴݿ֮ƣ֮Ѹٵģ֧Լ϶ҲԽԽߡ
սҲһһô򵥣֮ǹʵֱ
ܶʼԭʮ·ֻ̣꣬ٴǡ
һιӵԼľ죬Ǳ֮ǰ뺷࣬ļ룬֧ʵͬһವ
ңߺĻҲ˵˵˵ģ⼸֮УȻйȺͻˡ
ߺΪ˼ԼʵȻƸЩͻƵĹһٵľһס
ʹǱѰĶ׵˲٣Ծû˻С֧飬Ҳûм˸Լľѹǡ
Ϊǵľˡġ
ȻҲֻ˵һåû˵;ʲôģߺֱôһ䣺Ϸԡ
ͽԼľˣҲҪĴȾ֪˭˵ǿǹ˵ģ㶮𣿡
žͲӣݹûһľùġ
˵ǹˣʹ־Ķ٣󲿷ֶǹĳƺš
õģҲֻʦĳƺţ־ͲּëƤС¡
˵ߺ֮еЫˣһݰ
ְļʹǹҪԸ֧ӣҲҪ᲻ǵˣһĹǾԲ־ġ
Ͼرϰٸôںһ֧أ
׻˵ӴʲôУҲһЩԵĹԳԼݸ߹󣬰ӵĹҲв١
ⲻԴӸߺյǣͱǰسǱסˡ
Ȼ֧ܵƽĲһٴҲ϶ѣǿɶǹµױ
ΪҲͣȻܹΪҲǹΪ
ȻֻǹĹٽףǣǰƷ٣ױݿɲһĹͰ
ԭǶѪ˫΢Уһƺϸ΢˫֮бŷ
ʶģǰ£ٴһѹ˵˵ȴʺϡ
عǣĹ
ҲţѪعسǵʱûܵҲǸŭ԰
ԴӸŸߺ֮벻ˣҲʲôˡ
ǣˣһЩ飬Զô׵ġ
Ҫ˵ףʵظߺݴ硣
ߺȻȥתо룬ߺ᲻һ˿ҪֻʯԲûȥѹҡ
ϸߺתŵȥתٶҲ߯˵㣬ظ͸ӻˡ
ظΪԼֵܲƨɣҪԱǲµƽˡ
ǧһҪԹȥƽĹпܲǵȮĶ֡
ټϣУԼֵܵ飬һҪԼԽʾԼֵݺ͵λ
ȻԼȥǾǲһȥˡ
˵ظΪعһ佫ΪҲڵ֮Уܹظʮ˳۵ˣĲࡣ
ټظ˳ޱȣҲûжԸѣʹعҲֻǶظּսŻʦġ
ջ꣬ظϧǸߺ֪ǹϣֵܣתһӵ˴ڡ
ԵߺҲǺ⣬ֱջûзء
ôһ˭ߺһ緢ĽԼһסѪžҪǹĻ˵Ѿˡ
ѪɫҲÿߺĻɫһ࣬εҡҡԼͷ£ǡ
ûѪ˵꣬ߺһͳȥָſ
žž
ߺǰ˫һɣ
ߺ쵽м䣬ȸߵĹһƣַָұߵĹһơ
Ȼߺûʹ˴֮ǣλɱˣߺҲߣʹȫơ
ԭתȦǶĿԲ
ߺĿһۣҲִ̫ˣ˴ˣȻԼĻɵöһ߿һۡ
ôĻһƺҲ
˵Լ۾ˣΪһﷴǵ߶仰
ߺ־̫ˣȻˣֻ˵һ仰ˡ
ߺȴĿ죬ߵʱƣ

ߺ֧鿪ʼǣֱߵԶλãǻܹһſ˻𣺡Ƿŭѹֵղڶ
ѪߺԱߣȥϣɲаǻǿ߰ɣ벻֮أʱǹҲȥģ
ߺĻعͷʵʲôʲô𣿡
Ѫ겻òЦ˵ǲװһˣ׻˵򹷻ÿأĹ͵ڴ
˻˵ãո˵꣬ߺȻͣסˣЦ˵˵ǣǵˣǸƢã
ûѪ϶˵
ǾûˣǾܵǵߺٴʵ
һΣѪЩεĵ˵ͷ˵Ĳȷܵǵ
ߣȥ˵ţߺԭ·أƺƵĴŴسǵǰһӡ
ѽ׳ƨɴɢˣߺ仰ո˵꣬ڸߺЩˣͬƵĳȥ
һǹ꣬Ȼ֮ܽˣǴɢпܵġ
ڸߺǿӲ֮£һոջعȫǰݾˣֻǧԼΧˣеıת
ݺݵβȥֱһβҪɢʱ򣬸ߺŰ֣ߣﵭĵš
ߺͿˣԼ˵ʱ򣬾һʶסԼʶʮֵǿ󣬸ߺȻѵضûС
֪ǱǴ˵еĿڶ
ȻߺԵһȻҪһ
С֮ȻҴҵ£ǲҪˣ
ߺ΢΢ĵӴľˣ


889 һ
ߺȴûнԼʵ뷨һֵı飬ſǻ˵߿ˣ
ߺ飬ԼߵĹԵúܹ죬ڷȴǸ˸ߺܶʱˣ֪ߺ飬ʹҪùˡ
˭ùˣǻ˵𣿵ȻǸߺԵģǸƵ
ЩŸߺĺˣҪ֪ߺҸתּۻ۵ģ𣬶һһ·ˡ
عϵתһ·һҪж
ģ͸Ƶģñ˸ߣ֪ˣǸ˵е֮ˡ
˼ʮ޶ˣƽԸߺľǹ¾ôŸߺһ·عˡ
˼Ž˼ϲأ˧ģһĳɵö࿴ۡ
һʮ޶µˣһССĹȫǿЦ
ڷֱӣȻɵΪ⴫˵е
˵ҲǳԱûҳ͵ģû££ǵÿƾͿ£ǵ۵ļһơ
ⲻϸߺϸߺ˵ĻõⰡǱ뱻ߺ׵˵ǵˣҲ˰
óܹ򶯸ߺĶ˵飬ͱôˣ

ߣҾôˣҵ£Ͳҵó㶫֮ϵͬһ
ңȴԵģԵĶȻǸߺһС
ߡߺƺһһҡΣһ𣬲Ѫ
ҵģߺһ˿֮ɫֻԽѵһһҲˡ
˭֪һȻ紫֮һôĽԴĿһУԸߺ֡
ǸߺܵˣߺƢǱ˾һߣһһɡ
һ£ԻˣʹײˣҲԺײˡ
ԣڸߺоȻѾɱģǲûڱϱ¶ϲŭɫǸߺŵ
˱ȼǿʽߺὫԼⲻ֮ء
ߺɫ䣬ĵЦǣ׻˵СÿزǣҪ֪ƨɣڴϵ˵ʲôҲܴһƨɰһҪѴĺúõģ
棬˵ˣ˰죬Ҳû˵
ߺΪԷأԽԼеĹ׼ˣȻԼܽԷɱöԷѪߺвʡ
ߺȴ֪ԷȻȴΪߺȴҲΪ仰
Ϊûƹ֮أһץ
˵⵽ʲô˼ǵ˵ģôܸоԾأһ̫ɶˣȻ˵ô׽Ļ
Ȼ԰ʵû֪ԷַʽԼӲʹ
øߺ仰ʵʲôʵسŵĹģһˡ
ױš
˵ױʵȻߵģǻۿ϶͡
һеĲףʲôдСÿ󹷣˼ǽд򹷻ÿˣߺһ仰ˡ
һ仰ǾҲëˣȷô£˵Ҳʵ飬еĺ֮Ҳӹɡ
ǰ仰Ͳôˣ˼ɾ췭ظˡ
⡭һֹȻҪ˵ǲǽԼӲʮִ´ȥԼֻҹٳˣ
ظִƾױܵȨ֮˵ˡ
ԼǰλôǿɲţԼֻҪһڣƾŸߺĴǣֲ顣
Щ꣬ӼһǶԻûмܹ֣ʵ̫⡣
һﻹ治˵ߺҲʲôˣǲˡ
Ȼ֪ߺǸ˵еģܹԹƿڴıҲ֪ظʵǸߺĽܡ
ǣֻҪߺԼĹȻͨǸظԼױţضȫıն
⻹ģظŭʮΪ
ʮޣÿһжһ̷Ըǿŵġ
˵ǽȥģ

ߺԷ죬Ҳû˵һ仰ٿձɫģ֪϶ԾҲûв³ۼһĹȻӲ̫ʹ
ߺ繰˹֣˵ˣǫҲˣҲˣҷҪ飬֪
˵⣬ߺǻȴû˵缴ʹ޴Ҳ֪ߺҪ˵ʲô
Ŷ˵Ŀģ棬֮еһ
ĲţһССĹʹٱ⣬Ҳ᱿̶ֳȡ
ߺԼеĹ˳ֻǿһۣͷֱˣģֻƾϵĹϢûģ¡
ȻǹʹĻǾɣҾͲˣ˵
ߺ¶һ˿Цݣλţһʣǹܸܲأ
˵ţߺ˻еĹ
ȻҲ֪ǹȻΥߺĻǾĲˣһӹĻԺ;ˡ
ãһСѰɣһҪͲˣ˵ţ죬ʧһɶ
ߺ֪νˣߺ˫۵һС
ץסȥֱԵĵͣ
˵գ񣡡ߺ˫һУ˵
뷴ϣߺֻ΢΢ʾһ£һɹͳҧ˺ģȵŪɢܵʱſڡ
ˣҧˣ̫ûˣܲˣ
ߺĵ˵ͷ֪ͺáˣ˵ɣ
֮󣬸ߺȴĿʼⲻ֮Ȥ
ԭǵȷΪȮҶǣظ˵Ȯص֡
˵ֲһǧĸ֣ȻʹƷߵĵزһѵʹõĳ뻯ԽսǼֱͬԷˮһ򵥡
ֽ顣
һȴʹһ񽣣΢΢һǾѣٽ죬ӽأΪ˿֪˽ꡣ
ڸߺʱڱչأ˲֪Ȯһ屻ˣ֪ߺһп»ĲǶ֡
һĸ֣Ըıս֡


890 
Ϣ֮󣬸ߺ̾һû뵽Ȯı󣬾Ȼôλ֡
ңʮֵأڣظԷߣǹޡûֻܹ֪˲
ҷǳǿ˵Ǹʹõ꣬һһƷߡ
ʵǶôǿһΪͬߣߺʸҲ̶á
˵ţߺǶԶԷʸȤڵĻûǱΪãϾڸߺΪŲѡ
ͨһƷȣߺֲܹܣƷߣǹƾƾܹߺɱ
ͬոյһҲƷߣ΢΢һţøߺѪ
ĴĻԷõһܹԷɢ
λСүôڸߺǰɪɪ֧飬ɸߺģҲͲΪˡ
ˣӦԷϢ֪Է䲻
˵ΪʵĲ䣬Ȼܹﵽĵز
ʣ֮УûмܹȣֻǴ˵еĵȮ˿֮Ტۡ
Ǹý߾Ͳ˵ˣȻҥᣬûмܹԷǼģˣ
ҲǸõˣ֪Ǹ˵ݣǸ䲻һǧ굽˰֮䡣
䣬ΪˣǱǸˣʹСҲСĹǸǿ
ǰɣˣҲڿԶҲ뿴ˣӦöã
˵꣬ߺϻԶ
أ㲻ɱңֻ˽ʱôҿ˭Ҷҡ
һЩִĹͣסˣ׷׻ͷߺȥ
һȻƢԲϾµȷѰ졣
Ƕ֣ߺɫһ䣺ôѲ˵ĻѲɾͲ˼𣿡
漴ߺתԼ壬˵ǰ֮أйԼ¶֮Σ˵ˣɱˣ
Щ֮󣬷׷ЦţӵͽŪĻɢˡ
ϣڸʲôѪߵߺǰɻʵԴʶʹʮ޵ĵ֮Уû
ԣȻĶʮ֮ĵЩ£нЩ־塣
ߺȴǱĵ˵ͷҵȷôģΪʲôʵôǿż䣬ѾߵΪˣҲ²⣬ǲ֮أ
ѪҲǱˣһ͸ˣߺ˼ԣ
ʮ޵ĵ˵ǲ֮صȷΣأҲǿߡ
ΣԽ󣬾֤ԽʵϣҲԽ
Լλ󽫾ôһ·ģԲڲʮĹ֮Уﵽ֣ʱؿͻΪĵز

Ҫ˵ѪҲȷǴĲ´ˡ
ߺʮ֮УΪ˵Ǻܿ죬ǶԸߺȴ˺ܶˡ
̶ֳܹȵǶǸصӰߺ֮꣬ߺ֪һλ𿴵
ɫ֮Ǵ˵еģӵгΪʵĺ
Ƿŵ棬ǵ߷˲ɣҪ˵֮еĳɹǼǧڷ֮һ𻹵ϣԼǧڱ
⻹ӵʸǾ֮УҪڴϺ͵ż
ʹӵкҲֻпܳΪ죬Ҳ
˵ûкģʸûˡ
ʵͲǿټϸߺֺݣԲûøߺȶ೤ʱ䣬ͳ׵Ľˡ
ڸߺҪǰеʱ֮䣬Ȼ֮ʣһٵ
ǹݣȻǿѵصƣ¶ɡ
ѪæߺǰںϣŻ
ɫԣ˵ʮֵǿȻ⵶ޱȣȴûɱǳɱˡ
ֻ߶ѣ߷оôƣܿĳԷʲôΪ𣿡
ߺɫҲ֪ģһЩϲŭ޳һ֮Ҫȫ塣
һ֧鲻ǳ𣿱˵ˣߺΪ߽ǿûٸɹ顣
ǳ壬ֱ̫ˣͱĳѪԭ֮Уߺ˺ü塣
ȻԼ£ǶԷܹ£Ըߺ˶ս
߲ƣߺڸܵʲôвˣΪԷĿ꾹ȻԼˣΪܵԼ˵֧֮󣬾ȻԼ˹
ҲҪˣߺһξʱֱӽԼǻ嵶⳷ȥˣ˳һ˺㽫ԼǰĿռ˺ˣڸߺǰ
ߺϸ۲ˣ߳ߣҲ㲻ϸߣȻǺ˧ҲüĿ㣬ںڵͷͬīȾͷϡ
һɫĿףͬ󽫾һ㣬ɫܹȫĹ⻪
ɫ棬кɫϿݣʮ㣬һĺɫ磬Ȼ޷Զ˵ĺ·ͬɫĲһ
˫֮󵶣⳯ϣȻȴûɢκεĹâҹ
ߺ֮һ㶣ȣǴȥ͵
Ҳָߺô˵˳û֮⣬ȫ¶ǺɫģͬҹƵġ
˵˫ͬǿһܹ
Ǳ𣿡˿ˣ˵֮⣬·˴սƵġ
ߺܹĸܵԷĲǹޣȷеˡ
վ⣬ͬһƵĸɽһֱԼԶûа취Խһ
ߺһȻԷԼĳƺţǾԾǶԼġ
ǡߺСʵ
ҵֽ飬ҲԽ
Էһ仰˲䣬ߺȴһ仰Уо㡣
ڸߺȴϣˣԷʵʵ̫ǿˣҶԷ飬ǵȮǿڡ
ߺΪ⵶֣ʹõһһȴˣԷõ󵶡
ڵУȴ̫ǿģٶȴһġ
ʹָʹҲʹ缲磬˵ʹˣٶȾ͸˵ˡ
οûʹԼ󵶣ߺһ˻ĲʹԼı
֪´˷ǰΪ£ߺоȻŵĳ˺ˮˣԭӦϳ֣Ǹߺȴ̫ˡ


891 
Ϊʲô飿ţҲࣿ˸˵ЩʲôȴطӦˣĿŸߺ
ǱȷǱˣĿŸߺʵ벻Ϊʲôһ࣬ȴܹڵ֮еһ
ߺ˲ϵ亹ǻԼˣԼǲˣ
ߺȴӦȴûô󣬱Ͼ첱Ӵֵﺰˣ
ô˵Ļ˼ҲŰϾǸ񾭲վڱǰɤӺӲ񾭲
ⲻôżߺ⣬͸񾭲һˡ
ţ⣬Լῴ𣿡һ£ߺܲסˣĿԲǼһС
ԱߵַڻǱˣŸߺôˣҲ֪˸ߺƢǿĹƢ
˵ͷ͸СҼƵġ
ƢǼƢ˵ǴΣ˼ֻ˵ô仰ߺ͸ŽŴ֮УҲ
ǸߺˣԿߺƢж༱
˼𶼸οǰˣ
ҲǺܾûиôˣȻˣĿŸߺͷ˵˵Ķ԰⻹Լɣһ飬㡭ǲǸóҩˣ
˵ţϰ˰ڣһҩĶ
ߺҲˣ룬вܴˣԼˣżġԼ
ߺǰƤ룺ʲôҩҡӦóҩ𣿡
ߺôһ䣬ȻҲǸߺһҲ׵ˡ
һŽƵģȫӦˣһŭ̾½һ߶սʱ򣬾ڷŭʱսΪ˵˵Ȧס
˵̣磬ҲǶģǣһֵⷢŭϣ˾Ȼ˫˫ʧȥǡ

⡭Ҹóҩˣûҩ˵βҩҩĶûаߺɵɵ˵
Ҳ׵ˣŶûҩѰˣͷҩҲǺܶడôأ
˵ţ黹Լ°ͣյ뵽
Щ۶ֱˣɱߺôôһֵҩ
̫ûˣǱߣɱ˵ģһĵȻ죬ߣ˼ɱģڸߺһûУ˫һֻԴһֻץŴȡ
ڵ˵ɱˣһǧ𶼱ɡ
һߺڴͷϷҲʶԼ󵶡
Щ룺˼ߣ̣еı𣿿˴һ⣬õ˷ɾ裬Ȼõвһ
ԣߺһ쳣еĹеĹꪶ˽Ѫеĺʰ֣ʱľԮս
û뵽˸ûжֵ˼ǸеĽ̸
˵ǣ㵽ǴʲôطģҲ󰡣Ϊôôأǲлʲô߼ҩߺڽԼĵ˳
ٺһЦͲ֪ˣҵʦڲ֮޵ģҪΪ˵֮صҩ
ô˵Ǵ˼ģߺĿԲҲǺȥ˼תתȥҪ˼䣬ԼǸʱ򣬵ʲôͬ
Ƥһ룺飬˼䣬ǲǣҵҲȥ˼תתȥ
ߺɫЩʧŶԭǴ˼ģҵ뿴ڵ˼ûмҲ֪ʱļʲôģ
е˶͹࿴˿ǸǸġ
ٺ٣٣֪ʲô𣿡
Ǵ˵һʲô˼ζɣҸоӦñԵó԰
Ҳ˫һǶó𣿡
ţɣߺ˷ܵĵ˵ͷǸʱ򣬸ߺȥʱҲԹСԣȷǲ
˫ֽգ۷˵Ҳʦ˵и˫̥ģǸʲôţ
ߺԴ룺Ҳ˵ӦǼӣţǸˣд
ڿˮˣʲôֵԶð
Ȼɫ²԰ܸоЩˣ
еĹôһ̾ˣ˼˰ɣܹܵģôܾôأ
һ԰ôˡ
ո˵һ룬Ѫĺһ룬ٶ˵֣˵ѪĽҪ̵ǰˡ
ҿ˵죬Ȼ˵һ䣺⴮⴮ǲǣ
һһէģܰѱŷˣ˵ݣԶԡ
Ϊأԭļˣ˼Сˡ
е˶ˣȣûﾢֱûﵽˣ軹߸
ڿڵӰżͦŲӣһֻԲһֻ۰գͲϵˣϣڵǺܶġ
ܶ
鷢ϾͲˡ
൱ĳ쵼ˣʹﲻˣҲװĲǣ
ʹٲˣҲܰڵϰ
ϿǸĳ쵼ˣŮᰮ»˶
ǲӦϲôҲȥȰ

ߺߺ̫ûˣʵ̲ˣںקקߺ½ǣʾߺڶˡ
û뵽ߺȻͷ˫һɣ֪ʲô̽أ
ߺ˵˼¥Ǹطν˼ɫطߺЦţ²̸
Ҳֻ֪˶棬ҲֻѣûȥҲӰ˵°ζ̸š

СʱȥˣѾˣҲڲˣʹһһէģҲô£˸ûܡ
⻰Ҳһһ䲻ŵԼԭĿģҲԽԽԶˡ
ԭ׼ɱģһβˣ˴β˵СԣȻ˵¥˵åܸô򡭡
˵СʱѾľɫÿˡ
ţɣҵûȥˣǣԺټվе֮εġ
ԽԽû¶ˣ˵ˣȺҪ˯ˡ
õģҵֵܣߣˤߺվͷ̾˵ȥЩ˸ء
鵭ĵ˵ͷðɣôɣ˰ԺǸпģ
˵ţ˺ռ䣬˽ȥ
ߺûлعǸոպĿռ䣬ٴѿˣ˳滹һץ졣


892 
ǸصĽ֣Էһͷѩ׵ͷһϮһȾİɫӣһԷҲһ
ֻͬǣԷѩɫģǿѩһ㳾ӰǸ׿
һİɫսۣɫ䣬ɫսѥѩϹŵİɫ磬ǿռѿγɵ쫷˺ǰ۾Ȼͬʯһ㣬һֲ
֮γɵ쫷磬ʹ漶ߣҲᱻռѿ֮γɵĻɢֽ⡣
ǣԷ֮ϵս۶ûгһ˿ƣߺ֪۾Բʲô򵥣Լ·һ
˾ɣ˵˵ı黹湻ģߺ֣ͷԾˣס´Է
˸ߵ鲻£ǲĸ߶ȡ
ֻһ㣬ԸоҪһ㡣üĿѩͷһԼͷϡ
ٲһɢڱ֮ϣһøߺһֱĸоϴŸߺȫ£ԼڶԷǰ͸һ
κڶԷ峺ˮûһ˿ʵ۾֮Уס

˵˲䣬ߺ͸оԼһ飬ոǹɾ̾͹ȥˣͺɺҩҪȥʱͷϽһưˮһ
ߺˣǻҲˣӶԷӰ˿ˮ֮УܹоԷΪһǳǿΪߺûԷĽκεĶͺˮϳһȻۣǾôƽ߹
ϸĻͻ֣ᷢǹ켣ȻǴĺۼ
ֻʱȴѾǺۼˣץץ̼֮󣬷ǵñָоĥķ˲ɡ
ɴ˿֪Է֪ʶ̫ǿˣǸߴԼ֪ٸ߱ǿڣҪȻĻԼԷĲ
ǸߺûƷΪѪ궼ûп壬ɫһףߺ
ϣһʵʵ̫ǿˣȫ͸£ʵ֮ϲֹٱ
ߺĵ˵ͷȴû˵ʲôвϵתʲô취뿪Σ
ȴ룬ڸߺ˼ʱ򣬶ȴ˵ˣǱɣҵΪǲòˣҲ֪Ϊ֪ˣλɵʦ֮⣬ȫѾ׵˵ˣ
Է˵ǷƵߺȴһӶԷո˵ĻĿѪһ۵ıԷһΪƷߵĴ
ȻܹԷʵˣǱضǰƷ֮ˣ˵ǾƷߡ
Ȼǲ³˸ߺ뷨һЦģҲΪǸȮһ屨ģпȴļһҲˣ
껰һתҵĹҲԴĳ֣ʲô˼
ߺ˼ٵתµһתǰô˵ɾͲˣǺùĻ˭νҲĴ
⹷һȺ񹷰ˣСаŮ̫ɢˡ
˵棬鲻ĸߺȻûˣ˵䡣
ԭлϵĵͷȻʱڱչأǶȮһӼôš
ȻаŮǲôͬϾаŮǲ̫ܣ޵ۻǸЩͬġ
Իͬߺ˵ģôе㲻Ծˣ䡭ôЩŤأ
ȷɢҲŪԼɢˣ仰ΪʲôôŤأ
ո˵֪꣬Լϵˣϵˡ
Ȼߺ֮һЦȻǰȷˣµֻһȺȮѣǾ͹ֲ³ˣǰΪݹΪǶԵģҸߺ޺
һᣬȻ֪ߺ˵Ļȷģıֵܳĸоܲˡ
ߣˣȻ˼ƲߣǱˣҲֻΪ˽ѵһ¶ѣû뵽ǣ龹Ȼô
ʶĵͷݺݵĿһ۸ߺ
ߺ鵽̲סתһҪһ顣
û뵽ǣ龹Ȼһף棬̽ң̽Ұ
걻ˣһԺ
ͬڸߺıһĵĿȻ棬Ҫ˵֮УиߺƵģǾͷĪˡ
ߺͷһԴҲû˵ʲôſھתɵĿʼǲ֮ȥ
ߺһֱ鿴ˣ˫һҲԼʦֵǲæ˵
ʦʦ֣ңңȥ֮һˣ㡭ЩӱչرŪְ
˵ţһ̵ĴܳȥˣƨƨߵĸڸߺԼԼĻ
̽ң̽ҰոôϴģҲûоʲôԪĲĲûУô£̸ּܲܽң
ߺƤһ⻹㼼ǰʱʮа˸ᴵڣҪҲǼ˶ܿżǮ
ԪأֻҪţûͲܴҪԪиƨð
û뵽ߺˣˣԪɣҵ뿴õܹʲô
黹Ԫԣǲ䷨ԪڸߺǰȻŷһ磬ⷢģ顣
˫֮У磬񷣬ͬıֱϣ˺գϳһԾǧֱǧ֮Ͽա
һҺԭȻհȻΪԼȻŵ磬֮е˰֮С
棬һֳ˾ջһǵ⾢ͱˡ
ʱоԼ˼۷ʱһ绮ֱӻƫ²
һֱӴˤˣŵأЩذһ̣ˤ
ƨɺսһƬȻѩףǻҵķʲô¶еĹ޵ǰ
Ŷ㿴ǹǱͨ찡һŸƨܳ⣡͸Ƶģ
⻹أһƨô㿴㿴ܰ·ˣţ
ţţְ̫˲ˣû뵽֮еĹְõİ
㿴ƨ̫ˣϣѪ㿴ôƨȻûһ׻˵ƨƨ죬⡭ôƨ졭ҪǶɣһ˶ǰɣ
˻һõ󲿷ֹ޵Ͽɣ⻰˵Ķԣ˵ö԰Ƕɣ˵ζûǴһˣ
˵꣬һʧһɶ͸Ƶġ


893 
ſڵϵʵȫˣЩһֻûվˡ
վô˵ѲվЦЦ˵ոǸƨұˣ
Ҳ̫ˣֱ̫ˣԼˣ룬һ̫ԼˣҪǴȥԼˡ
Ǵﶼ˵ƫƫƨˣԼô˵Բ𰡣ոұƨˣû£ûˣ
Ҳܸ˵ƨǱŵģûзƨ
룬İˣ⵽˭Լ¶ô¶ˡ
ҡվ´һΧĿյĽֵƿԣҧгݵģֱ
⵽˭ҵҪñˣҾͳ׵˵ţһתΧ塣
ȵʧʱѾʧˣڵϣֻһѻ˻ҵ
Ǹ˵ģȻˣ鷢ǵʱֻԪģٶȲǺܿ졣
ټΪļ£ԾȻı˷

߸ߺأ˭ȻӵвٿҲ̫˰ɣתԪܹģʿɲ
֪ԼֵܴȥģڵͻƵĹؼʱҲһȥˡ
ƾڵΪ֮УֻҪСһ㣬ҲʲôΣա
ҲͷˣǽʻǷŵǵֿ½ģʺأ
һΣհɣҲûһľ飬ԼΪʦ֣ܽԼʦɲܹһ۵ߡ
ԣ鼸仰˺ѿռ䣬ʧ˵ǰ
ȫµһ£ҵĴ˴֣ððڽԺû˹ˣ̫ˣ̫ˣ֣Ժܲҳ԰
ߺƳһۣ⣬Ϊ˳Զģһﵽ׻𣿡
ûȸߺأһ𣬽ž͵ͬһߺԱߵ鼲۶ȥ
ܵĿռ֮£ȫʼ𶯣ߺ꣬ʼ
ʱûһɨգԭǸǸ飬˫֮ϵ󵶿ʼ˸Ĺâ
ϵĻһֹâڰĻҪ뷢֣Ҳʮֵѡ
ǣƽƽûʩչʲôǸߺȴ֣ڵȴͬͰһֻһվκ
Ҫӽʱڶˣ˫΢΢һ󵶾̴С۵λ
Ѳߵ󵶳ϣһûееλãֱ
漴һȻԭʧˣתۼ侹Ȼ֮һ޴硣
粻ϵڿлΣڱһΣǺˣ
е󵶵ĵ֮ϣе˸ϸ΢ڵϣͬһ졣
磬ңոΪʲôоͣһ£ԼĴ𣿻ٶ̫ˣ³˶Աԣ
ߺص뵽˵սʵ̫ǿˣֻǸո籬һ˲䣬ߺ͸оԼݺݵһȻɢ
ǿսض꼰㣬ߺɲΪһսԼˣҲ̫ԩ˰ɡ
ЦЦǵڵϢĳɣ
һЦû˵أͿʼˣ˫һ̳磬綼ˡ
⻮ٶޱȣֻЦ綼ʼˡ
һлƵģ綼ʼŤˣԲ񻯳һ׵Ļˡ
һ磬мһ磬һ硣
ߺһ۵ֱ̫ǿһЩɣȻӲĽʱݡ
ȻԴڣȴû𣬾У꣬мһء
΢΢ڿԾһ⣬һǣÿһγ֣ԵôͻأȻһû˿Ĺ켣
ٶȣѪ궼ˣ˵ߺˡ
黯һ磬ڿռ֮صĴ󣬲ϵϮ֮һ硣
һֹͣʱҲصߺԱߣ˫ֵҲѾȫջȥˣѾսƵġ
ǰе绹תٶȸûм١
ڸߺ˵ЩʲôʱȻѣĲһһƬƬɢռ֮С
ٿĹǸҰϵĿѾ˺ˣϣз϶˾ƴȥһ
飡
һ֣ں֮У𽥵ɢˡ
ʼգߺıһ˿仯ûУȴ˷츲صı仯ոȷǿˣ鶯ֵʱ򣬵ȷȫֹͣʱ
ʱֹͣһȻܹʱߺ˫һУĬĬ뵽
ߺȷܹƬʱ䳹׵ֹͣˣΪߺҲʱȻûжԷʱǿ󣬵ȴܹܵʱС
ħ𣿹ֲûأʦ˫ħɣߺѾ³˵ˡ
ߺĻһ£Ȼ沿ʼ仯ڱ˸ߺʶĵ
ϤףߺһůڣԼҵԼĸʦֵܣȫˣǰԼõĸˡ
ߺһůİԼʦ˼ֻûۣûмֻܹ취ҵĩ
ǼҲҵĹ޵ģȻƷζզȴζ
ôһְԼΣյĲ֮أߺҲһ㣬ǲԼʲôΣա
ҪΪ¼Ҫ֪ϣ˵ĻԴһԴһŮˡ
ɫж˵ŮޣһŮ˺ҩƵģǼֱҪˡ
ߺΪǣͬԼʦԼ
˽ߺ̸ԷôӵСԣдڡ
ǽ̸ߺôʱ
磬ߺڿԼʦֵһὣ̽ˡ
ߺʮֵ˷ܣ֮ǰԼݵĶ󣬾Ƿ׵ɡ
Լļʦ֣һ̽ģﵽԼʦǸ߶ȡ
ڣֻˣΪߺһĽᣬδʱ֮ڣԴ⣬Ȼߵһĳ̶ϡ
ڳӭ٣ֻиߺɹȥſԳΪء
ǻŵĻǳΪ߾ǰ϶飬ǻˣǶԲˣֻܹΪһ˵Զʧʷĺ֮Уʱγɵľ


894 ž֮
ƿʼٵᣬǿǺɽѹǳԲǧ֮ڣһƬƬͬīȾһĺƣȻϵ·Щơ
ԱΪߺû뵽ߺͻƾȻô졣
û뵽ǰߺԸܹԼʦִﵽȼĵزܹԼλʦֲս
գȻڼǰڻǴﵽԸĽ⿪ľʣ֮ʼԴԴϵĹߺ֮С
ߺʵôŹأ˵Ľᣬⲻ֪Ѿ˸ߺħˡ
ܶ˲֪ΪԼûħǣֻҪһ˿źһ˿־壬һ̰ͼǾνħ
ʹɽҲȥħ
ΪԷлʵϣԼƽˮ
Ҳħ֮һԽȱչأħҲԽԽǿ
һ֣㻯磬˲˽ƵĹΧ֮⡣
Ǵ棬һͬɽ٣ҽҲᰴϢӦĽƣһɽѶȡ
ߺȻѾоǽƵǿ󣬵վ̧ͷ
ǺɫĽƣȻ¶΢Ц漴ǽƷȥһ¾ͳ˽ȥ
ǽȻҲŭˣ˶ɽ٣ڵ϶ɽٵģû뵽ȴ˳˽
Ƿŵ˵ǽһϰΪΪʱ򣬸ߺɽʮа˳ɣߺĽ֮У֮ơ
һɫ磬ͬһӽ֮б䵽ߺϡ
Ǻɫ׵Ȼӵ֮⣬ߺƤ֮еȫɱˡ
ߺ·һ˲ͻҷˣڣеϸˮ֣Ȼȫեˣߺǲֵ壬Ȼ˲һ߸ʬ
ɫʼɣ簡ҲܹãôܳͻߵĽ֮أ
磬һǾ֮˵ǻһƷߵĸߺˣһƷߣʮСָϸ磬Լֲȥ
۸ߺȻ֮лʶ֤ߺûȫߺ徹ȻǧƵ磬û͸ߺ壬ߺĻ꺣֮С
֤ˣߺҲԲһʣӦǼ塣
ֿܹסٵ֮ϵģ;ԲһԵֿ˵ġ
ô˵Լ壬ҲҪһͻƵһƷߵĵزͻƳɫҲڿʼ
˵ߺ䣬ﵽһƷߵΪģҲΪ档
ǣǴȻһͬͻƵһƷߣʣдˡ
Ҫ˵ڵԼʦ֣ڵҲֻ壬͸ߺȣ̫Զˡ
ߺȭͷڿһӻһı֮˷ȥͬˮһ˷ɢȥϵĽȫסˡ
ƣߺһܿʼ˲ˣϵĽƾȻݡ
˶ɴ۾ôƣô
еٴˡ
ƲΪͻߵ٣ȻɫĻ棬ĺȫڻˡ
ٴһ𣬽ţһѵӸߺǰ𣬸ߺ徹Ȼݺݵ뵽˵ϡ
䡭
Ǵ֮ϣ̳һεӣڶģߺںη
ЩҲҿΪ֪ߺûߺڵʵȴ֪ˡ
һˮε֮УÿһرǵϾ̳һˮӣȻʼĴ죬γһƬƬС
ˮԪɣѲǾž֮٣ڵǾˣĿ־ˡ
ʲô¾ž֮٣Ǿǽľˮ׵磬ԣһͬ׽١
ҶǶԣڴ˵֮У׽ټûгֹֻ֮ѡ
ֻ֮˵Цѣ飬ľˮԪոս⿪ߺǸǣ򣬷Ǿž֮֮Ľľˮ׽١
׵磬ҷ꣬ɢף磬硣
Ǿž֮еķ׵Ľ٣Ǿž֮١
ž֮еκһ٣ڽ֮еУһĪ˺
˵ˣҲԷӳǿֻҪĳɹ֮УѾ޵ˡ
ͱ˵ǿ磬ֻڶԸʱûʩչѣΪûʸ硣
Լһ󵶣ԼٶȣһЩʱܹȫԷ磬Ҳе̫ˡ
ʦ֣õĶҷֻ꣬ǿǳ뻯ˣѾʼһ׿ʼˡ
Ǵ֮һףֻҪٴν߽֮ףôͻΪ
ڣŽѾȥĽˣ磬Ǹߺ뵽ǽ֮жŸߺŵǧ硣
Ǿ͸˵ˣѾˣҲǹˡ
٣ɢףߺһ¾þ㱣˴֮С
ǵĽ٣ҲǼˮԪ
ǣˮԪԸߺ𲻵ʲôãߺ洦
ˮԪ֮Уﲻ棬ڴɱֻҪˮԪ֮еûӦĴһʱ̾ͻΪŧˮǼˮԪΪһ塣
ǣߺĿǱȻǼˮԪˣұߺеĴ
Ȼøߺɹ˼ڸߺĺ֮УһʱضΪŧˮڼϸߺıǶŲɵ˺
ηԸߺûһ˿Ļ绢һ㣬øߺӵǿˡ
Ҫ˵֮ǰߺԼıԸޣܹԽս·磬սҲԽѡ
ҪأߺıȻ˵ǿ󣬵Ƕ˵ȴû֮еôá
ڲͬˣֲⷽȱ㣬ܹ帯ڸߺҪһߣʹǶƷߣߺҲȻ塣
ͬˣǸȼȻҲ⣬Ҳ
ǣһƷƷߵĲ࣬ǿСȼء
ţϹ磬ߺո壬ʮֵĸɿݣֳһ˿ڡ
ֻûѪߺѪˡ硣
꣬񱩵ڵϣÿһڵϾһ
ǣ䵽˸ߺ֮ϣߺ̾ͱסˣҲϵŸߺľ񣬼ӹֻ̽ߺñˡҷꡣ
ÿһǾ춯أÿһθߺƣӦ󣬸ߺ徹Ȼֻһͷӡ
ֻʣ˫λ֮У˸Զֻ֮Ҳʱܹһ


895 
ϵĽʧˣԲǧĿֻ꣬мλϣһãȻʮֵңȴ˸˸˸⡣
˫ۼĹ𣬺֣ʱһ磬һܹ
˶֪֮һǸߺǳ׵ûˡ
һ˵ȫΧʱλõ֮ȫˡ
е˶ɵˣ𣬼ֱǲԼǰʵСǿĸߺôˣ
ܣǲܵģ㲻㲻ô죿أУҪʦֻ˼ܹȸߺ㣬ʦִһɣһҪ
ңᣬġ
ڵѾӽˣߺʬǣҪȥ
ʱ򣬸ߺ˫֮䣬Ȼһ˿
âȻҫۣȴɱˣæ뵽𣬽ߺ÷¡
ʱöʼ۵⣬е˶۾
ħ𣬶ĿԲȵĿŸߺʬǣ˿Ĵۡ
ߺ˫Ŀ֮䣬ȻһԭߺǲɫĹ𣬾ȻɢźȻɫ档
ڸߺĹͷϣʼһ˿˿Ѫ⣬Ǵӹͷ֮гƵġ
ߺȫѪܵģͺһ˱İƤһĹðձǿš
ȻһĽڲΪ֪ʱ򣬸ߺĹͷոձѪ⸲ϣͿʼ˱仯
仯˭ûпΪǱߺľˣ֤ͣߺȷûҵȷ̥ˡ
ߺʼǱѩˣֱ͸Ĺͷ֮ȥˡ
ңߺҲʼʽ壬߼塣
ʣڸߺˣΪʲôǹʹֻʣһǼܣܹ
ôǿԭǿѾȫÿһطˣ衣
ǹȻֻʣһãɿԻָǰϣڵʱûôǿΪԷܵصơ
ǶԷָˣµܰ˵ˣߣ𶼲Ķ֡
󣬸ߺȫγˣһЦԼЦ
ڸߺоԼȫƷأ칫ԱȸߵĸоӸߺȻ
ң죬ңҸأߺȻһоԼļ䣬ܵһǿĴڵĹע
ƾߺʣȻܹ³ǸһȻԳܵˡ
ԼΪʱѾԸܵԷĹעˣֻǸʱ򣬸ߺ̫ǸоȻҲޡ
ڲͬˣߺѾˣʱֹʮ౶ǿǧٱ
ĹעҲԽԽˡ
ԺȻ˵Ǿ仰˵Ȼ̫󣬵ȴ֮䣬ԴԴڶ
ǸԼļһȻ˿ûзƵġ
е˶ƣһô˵ҲӦ˷һɣȴûͷûԵ˵ôһ仰
ҲʼòԾˣԼ۾ߺķӦȥ
СǲǷʲôôо˿أ˵ܹӱܳҵĿŵģǾǡ
˵ʣоԼѪˡ
˵ڷ˻֮ˣ֮䣬ǲַĴڡ
ǣΪɡ
һЩǿߣΪǿĴڣҴڸһЩǿطЩ߱ͷӣҲ
ȻҲǿϾһȥӻߣǼֱеСˡ
ԣȥԼԵˡҲ˵ܹӸߺ˵Ҳֻ߶ѡ
ߣʵѾﵽʵģĵزߣȻĻԻᱻ֡
Σûз˼ԼˣߺȴˣǾ֤ӵǸߺԼ
еǾһֻҪȫľȫǸϣʹԱӵһߣҲܷǸ
ԷȻЩ͹˸ߺʵˣȻ󷽷Ӹߺ⻹ոĸߺˡ
ԭ˵ϢôôͰأãӾ죬ʹΣҼңһҲǱɱ⣡
˵ţߺ𣬾Լٶˣһڸߺı󣬾ñûֻ׳ı
ǸߺüζɣߺţȻͲԹ޵״̬ڣΪԷû
ȻĻǻǼǿһЩ
ԱڰкȻٵĳ󣬱˰ﳤ̣ʮÿһƬëǳķ쳣ļ̡
䡭
ߺһԱţݺݵȥĲ񷶼ʼѿˣĹ޵ϴ
еˣжǺݺݵһɶͱŪĻɢˡ
֮ϵ죬Թγɵģߺһ¾ͽˣЩȻġ
Ŷڸߺ˫ҪĴ϶Էʱ֮ϣȻһɵ
ȻһԲʮİƣݺݵ
䡭
ɣӿķĹз׷ྲˣԹȻĲһɶ
ߺٴˤڰеʱ򣬸ߺһڸߺı󣬱Ԫߺֹ˰ա
УǸصҲˤֻԷûиߺôңֻһԷĽ̵֮ӿ۳һɫƲʡ
ԷŻɫƲʣôͣڰУƮƮɣͬһ
˳룬ЩģҲǳ˧ȫ£ȻɣԽԽ˳ۡ
һϮۣɫͷȻɢϢ
ֳһֽȣ澹Ȼʲôûдеֽȴţҡţһ˿΢ȳɿƷ˿
Сˣ˴ǰΪ˽̻ƣ֪Σ
Էڣͬ΢磬ÿһ˵ļ䣬е˶һů
ŶСӣǰЩӶ͵ʦֵļһɣߣʦֶûз㣬߯ˣСӵôģΪʲôֲˣſĺš
ǸԴҲʮֵĺ棬ʣȻҲеһϣ壬۾š
ߺһЦ޷㣬ҷֲˣΪҺǱһ㣡
˵ţߺʼͷųԼȫϢϯķһȻ򿪣ػӶɵͻأڿеÿһλá
Ϊ˶ܸߺĺǣͬʱȻ۷֮ߣ


896 ޵֮
һе鶼ˣΪʲôߺܸо
ǶԷľ磬ҲԲֳᷢԷĴڣֻڣߺȴɹĽˣȻֳܹ͵ˡ
Ŀ֮ȻܹϢĿˣȴܿߡ
ΪõԼڵ˳쾳ʩչģߣڵ˳쾳磬˾磬ߺ֮ȡ
Ÿߺǲʲôأ
ڹۿ˵ΪȻҲֻǶƷ߶ѣʱ򣬸ߺͷˣǲ˳ߣֻһƷߣҪɱԼĪЩ쿪ˡ
ҲǰհƮƮɣΪ˵ȴĿȻҲ᲻սȤ
˵Сһͽ˰ɣǲ˷ԼȤɱ顣˵֮Ҫ˯һ
ڸߺ˵ȷʲôΣա
ڸߺѾһƷ߳۷ˣܹܿһƷˡ
˵ʹߺǶ֣Ѫ겻ǣѪ꼴ʹֿԽսţһƷߣԸһƷߡ
ʹǶƷߵ˳ߣҲǴ´ˡ

ǣߺһ仰øոҪ˯ˡ
ҵս˭Ҳ룬ȻĻɱ⣡ߺֱ´
仰ܲһ´ӵϱĿŸߺ˳Լ˼˹Ŀ˵㲻Ҫˣ
ߺһЦҪˣƾ飿ҿûȥ꣡˵ɣʲô֣
з죡Сֽʲôз˳߹һЦԺ˵
ߺûȶԷ˵껰ͶˣҷǳѸ٣˵仰ʱȴָߺѾӽԼˡ
ʱ٣һ漴ȻɫæԱȥ
ǵҪܵʱѾˣߺ̺֣Ѿ˷ļϡ
ļ̾Ϳʼˣ¶ǰɭɭĹͷɲ
ûֻɫЩÿвǿƤ˵Ҳʲô
ڣߺöԷô򵥵ԼĲָ
ŶԷвʱ򣬸ߺѾٴ˷࣬ԼƣԷļϲȥ
θߺеǻλеĻܹԷĸ첲崮һ𣬲͸򵥲ˡ
ߺһǣ׵Ĵ͸˶Է壬ȴûдѪӿֻڸߺմȾһѡ
ãߺд󼱣һʱֹͣ
漴ߺתֳֵȥȻߺϡ
ոնԷûˣһֻǶԷĻѣ⻹ǸߺһĨѪϷֵء
ߺ²⣬һһط˹ʱĵط
һǺ󱳣һϷ
ϷǲܵģΪڸߺʱһֱϷأǾֻһܣǸߺĺࡣ
Ըߺû˼ֻһ£ȥ
ڰ֮Уߺתθߺõǲຮһ㺮׾ôڿγˡ
ϻб̣ߺţһԷĲϣǶԷԴֱ̾ӴԴϣԴ˲ܹϡá
ķ㹥أӺţϢĿߺͷǸߺٲӦʱ㣬˲ͱԷһӸͱԴ
ֻһ¸ߺԷཻһ
䡭
ԷȻҲǷƷȻߺϵĲγɵĺŪˡ
ߺҲȥˣԷȴ˿û˺ֻ麮γɵıವüķȥ
еȡৡһ򿪣ԼǰЩоȻûһ֧ܹ͸Էӵġ
ߺ嵹ûܵʲôˣҪ֪ڸߺߵôô׾ܵأ
Էӵʱ򣬸ߺϿһĨѪӡ˵ˣߺ֪ոնԷʹõĲʲôطԼʩչġ
ԷӲô򵥵ӣҲƷ߱һġ
ߺǲôҪǡ
˻ͷ˿𣬸ߺ¶һĨЦ⣬ȻߺԼòǲ
Щʵ˲٣Ѿﵽǧĵزˣǣеȴֻʮ𼶱
ֻҪԷıõ֣Ȼڲ֮أȡٰʮֽ׶εıԼŵı
Էˡ֪˼ѾˣԵõҡԼİֽȡ
ֻһĨ̺ԵôĴۣߺŷԷȥڶԷٴδȵʱ
ߺȻʼ仯Įһ˵ĸоȻ
ԷҲӦʲô˾ǹͬ˾õġ
Ҳûʲô취ֻܹٴʹԼܣֽ΢΢£ȶʱԼ˿λ¡
ϣһĨٴγɣһ˿֮УԭķȴʧӰˡ
һμıȻʹΣǺôĹߺЦһ΢΢ӶȻǰӱӣŸߺȥ
ڰ֮УȻϳһɣԷΪߺʹøոһأӭȴǺ
Ǻڰγһ޴ƣһνԷӱУץסչһ
Ȼ΢΢һԷȻû뵽ߺȻô󣬾ȻͱߺԿֶеĹ򣬽֮ŪС
ߺ΢Цǰӣɫ΢ЦſŶԷӻĲȻƷ𼶱ͷӾ
˵һǰӾʧӰˣԼĿռ֮С
㡭ûǹƽǷ쿴ǶĺӣԷҪԼİߡ
ߺĵ˵ͷе㲻״̬ǸⰡ룬̫ˣ㿴⵽ô£
ġҲеݣϾּĻԼҲǧѵһͷӷΪ飬һרųͷģһרżӵģ
ӵĲսҹƵĻӦǼӶӵİɣ
ĿԲŶ㣬ô֪ģѲеǰ
ȥǰɵأޣ㱾е㲻̲ȥˣ廯磬˲棬󵶶ûչһתǵо϶»ȥ
컹ھ죬ߺҪʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ʱ򣬸ߺȴͻˣΪͻƣ쾳ϵͻơ
֮ǰߺ˾磬ܹսĻôڸߺܹɵʵ˳ߣʤǶࡣ
ûͨոսߺȻ޵֮


897 ֮
ʮ޵ǲ֮ܵ䣬ûκرأʵ޵ĵλڵ֮мֱβƣɽ
Ҫ֮Ĳ֮أֻҪޣٴԼµУһڹȫȫˡ
ֻΪûҪˣϾ֮У˹֮⣬дĹޡ
ǿԣǹ޵Ļ󲿷ֶʮֵײеģŭŭѧѹƣ˵ҲȽѹ
ԣɴЩôһϯ֮أҲⲻ֮ء
ΪطûйĹԽģĹޣҲʼС
ΪĹ޽ⲻ֮أʮ޵ҲڶԴ˽׷ˣԷЩһڲ֮γ
˵֮Уһϵֿʮ޵ûбĻҲֻⲻ֮ص֮еˡ
Ƿãߵĵʵүûʵ硣

ʮ޹ͬԽ򲻹֮ȥԽӵĻ֮ڣݲɽҰҡҷߺҡ
ɽˮֲʮ޶뽫Ƭ滮Լ֮ڣǽ֮滮Ҳûжôɣ
ߺһţһ˵ѻǿļϣֱӻһ磬ڿصĴǧľ룬˲伴
ڵĵ𣬻ǵ𣬳ƺħǰ׺˫ħĵڶӡ
⵹ߺЩˣںħҲǵԼʦְô˶ʦˣ
δʱգһԼ֪飬ȻĻǽʦ⣬ܾôš
һڵڵΪȻģģģ˵ˣƿռ䣬Ȼǵɲʯ
Ҳ˵ʦֵѾĽ׶ˡ
ҪȻƿޣ뵽֮УȻΪ𣬵Ӧòӽˡ
Լʦ֣ȷǺᵽʱǼڲԣǸʵϢǸߺŶԷʱȻųЧġ
Ǹʱʶ˵ģҪȻҪ֪ѡ
һ㣬Ҳ֪ҪȻߺɽʧܵʱôȥҶԷȥȣƿռأ
ǧǧҪԼʦ飬ҪȻɾˡ
׻˵縸ʦڵʱµģľʦ֡
ǵõŵʱǱȽϵİԼʦˣǸʱǧΪ
ԼĴʦȥƣ˼ħû˵ʲôһᰡһʣףǸʱԼʦѾһƷˡ
ⲻҵùȥڵ¶Լʦô¡

Դս֮󣬸ߺû¾飬ڲǸһ¼ãܹǿάABCDEFGǰɡ
ûһģߺΪȻⲻǰ쾹ȻĨĳΪһƷڵ
˿ˣǰżߺһΪӿûˡ
Щͻ˵ģȻ̫żˣЩûͻƵȴżˡ
Ȼֻȥһʱ䣬ǱҲôżǼܲסߺĴ̼
㿴˼ôŵ棬ʵܹȥԼٲŬ㣬µݵʱ˼ѾǶƷˣԼ⻹ûȥء
ʵҲûʲôߺ쾳籾޵֮ߺͻʱ򣬾Ȼ֣ԼϢʱ򣬲ŬʱΪȻ졣
ߺˣ޵أ޴ѰԸߺ˼˵Ȼ޴ѰǲͲѰ
һһ£ȻôԼĴԼȥѰҵʱ򣬾Ȼˡ
ߺ֪ߣ磬ôûóǶԸߺ˵ְ취ȴǡô

ģһ˿ʼ𽥿˹Ӱֻէһ֮󣬸ߺо͸е˷ŭ⿴ûء
аŮǺƽ飬͸ÿ춼ҪԷˮһ򵥡
ߺҲһκģǻǽסȰ裬ѳ־һˣǸڱŮӡ
Ůˣж£һ˸ߺӣ˵ʲôǸߺ۸ǵġ
Ǹ˸ǿɶ񣬾Ȼ⡣
ߺһŭ֮£ͽȫɱɱ֮ǰߺѲһ˵ļ䡣
ȴû뵽Ůԭɷ򣬱˵ֵ֪ܣǸȢŮΪޡ
ŮҲǳûòǵ˼ɫ⣬֪ŮӣҲһ޵һﾹȻһļϡ
ŮӵɷɱˣγҲҪѰһЩû䵥Ů١
еǶһŮӣҲˣԱҲ㿴Ưģһɫ
ŮҲǱͬ뷨Ҳ˵ҲǱŽɫġ
˱ˣһ˵СһЩϲ˵ģҲһЩϲŮ˵ģȻͲˡ
Ů汸ֵĸ黨Ƶģ

뵽֮ǰ˾ȻʱԷ֣ߺǸƾͱˣˡ
ǸڰҰԷģԼʵһҪһ֮ǡ
ⲻ֮˵ǳǣȴֻǺСһĵططûй̶ĳΪֻҪһǣֻҪΣЩס档
ǽһɱӣ°ӣڹܵģиߣվԱߵЦҪ̵ô
ֻҪʵͿԵ֮ǵĳ
ҪΪ֮ǵĳΪǾƷΪġ
ⲻ֮أ֮һڸߺģһ޺ù٣޺ˣ֮صдա
С˵ڤڸߺڵһ֮Զ
ǸطȽأҶȻߺO˸Ϊ߳ѾͨĶˣǸطĶд˵ܹ׵Ľĵط
ֵطߺܲһЩĶΪĶֱģǲжûнⶾĻﶾӵʱΨǿ𣬲ſԼǿĴ֮ˡ
Ըߺ˱Ҫⲻ֮ȥһЩⶾҩ衣

ڸߺȽ벻֮ǵʱڷȥԱߣһӰڿУ̤أͷ졣
ȫɫƬΧţԡʥĹâǶ˵Ȼʵǳª
ǣΪͷϡԿͷͲ̫ƾ֤Ǿ޴ܹѵȥ
ſ죬֧޴ֻ۾ͬһСȫɺɫģֲ


898 ûĻ
⵽ô£˭ɱԱǻòͷˣǸ޴Ӱ˵޴Ӱη
ֿĶɽſڿ˫£Ǭ˵罵ףűǵ
һȻûиҶСӦġ
ǣԼ˵һﴫϢ˵һŵߣ˵Ǹš
ڶԷȻѾﵽһƷߵĵزһȹ˾žִ֮˵еĽ
ֽԴӺĴγûп⴫˵еľž֮٣ǾʮĴܻġ
Ҳûִϳɵٵжǿ󣬵ǣɴûܹʸô־ž֮١
գܵһǿڤڤ֮вİȫˣģ¾ž٣ҪΣնɱѿ֮С
֪ͨͷӣüӶӴϢȫ֮УûжɾžٵģеĻ콫֮ɱ
ʱʹڵϢ˵һ𣬶ȹ˾ž٣ɾһƷߣһ˫ߡ
壬ȫΪһƷߣڵ֮ûк鵹ǲ̫
֮ΪͷӵĴӳȻҪǰҲİһ˹־һˣӳͲԼˡ
ؿռ䣬Ϊľ⣬Ϣķ죬ȴĻɢˡ
Ǿ޴Ӱɫһɫһ䣬ʲôУ˵زɾϲĵطı֣ҿӶѣ
ǰսģϹħа𣬷ʮ֣һս
ⳡսǼලӵһӳǲҪ񣬺ȥ֮ԳƵزǹˡ
һս綼Ǵˣ֮еսҿڻ֮дļܣҪȻ˵ͻˡ
ҲˣеˣҲ˽ǡ
ҪȻĻִ£־ôֻͷӳأԼˡ
ԣЩʮ޻֮̾ͱչˣҪǻָơ
ǵزҲⳡսನ֮УУΪˮıߵĶҲʮȴûյ˺
Ȼ𣬵Ҳǹ˵Ķ֣ϵĻǱɰ
ոܵ˹Ϣܲ£һ鰡ǹԼͱӶԷѳȥˡ
뵽⣬Ǿ޴ӰȻԼ˫ܹץɽ֣ʬץ˿УԸԽ¡
һеɫе֣Ҫ˵Ǻǰɽٵʱ򣬾֮Ӵ
֮мŰԵĵ
˷еİԵְԵϢٹãܹͻеҾ磬뵽˾֮ˡ
ٿ⵶Ϣһ
Сӵٶ֪ģǿԳһȻսǿ󣬵۱˵ȴûм˿ɱȡ
ڼжſƷӣҪ߶ǲܵġ
ǣ׽ʬʣǰһɲǣûзӦ
Ҳ˵ԷʩչһٶȣȻٶΪļӶӶûзӦ
óۣӰкȻô˵һٶȣǳԽһߣ
Ӱ֪鵽ڣ۽ûˣԼʱΪ˸ʱ䣬ֱ̫ſˣԼϢѾϹˡ
ֱ˺ѿռ䣬˽ȥոûж೤ʱʱ򣬹Ӱֱӳüͷ壬һ²Ϣ
һ𼶱ģǻʲôѲʲôĬĬ߶ô䣬תʧ֮䡣

ߺͦǣڳſھҲģЩسǵģȻߺһ˵⣬øߺ¡
ûȸߺʱ򣬾һˣ˿ɵҲһǿߺ֧ӣոյеɫǱ֮ǿѹȥˡ
󵨣УٸҺСҽǸ浽ȥǳԲ˶ߡ
⻰˭ԷǼߺıģתЦǺǵĿŸߺλǰ룬ʲôµĻǾֱ˵ţǾԿǰ裡
һҲǲҪˣΪȸߺ࣬˵ȴԼΪµһЦģ͸ջƵġ
ߺɫƹĿ˶Էһۣ˵ͷ̧Ž뵽֮С
ˣΪʲôոǸСһҲֻһһƷ߶ѡ㡭
ûǸ꣬ߺȥ͸˶ԷһƣǳĸۣһӶӵĹоǾ𣿡
֮󣬲Ŀʮ֮⣬ӪկѪȣ̾Ͷ£ֱð
ڷֲˣǾ͸ɵˣһߣ⻹˵ʲôĻǸԸȥ
ţҲܳǣǾͲóˣ
˵֮תʮֵУ˵Ǹǿ湻ζǰˣŵϣٺ٣ȻļһﲻԸˣŮ͹ˣ
ڻҪ飬ǽܳҴҪȨ
ǿǧʿһ֧ǿĶ飬ټӵ־ϢԿ϶ԷʵԲô򵥡
ʵҲˣ˵ڵҲƷߣ벻ܳ۷˵ûпɱԡ
ǣӵԽսƷߣͰƷսҲûж顣
ɲǲܳĶ֣ԸߺⲻܳԼȲȥˣȵԼҵڤ֮һ˷һö
ýʵƷߣƷ߶Կʱٴһⲻ֮ء
ߺû뵽ΪԼľӣöԷˣɸߺռǳصģ֮ǵĳһ
Ҳʮǰ벻֮ǣȻһβܳһ塣
еȫɱŮȫɢУڳи¥ĳ룬Լӵʵǰγǰ֮
ʱǵĳצ𣬴Ҳһɱϣıһ
Ļצɫ䣬ʵСʵΣ
ӦǰƷ˰ɣҶоĪ⣬ƾСƷߵΪܹҸеĪģƷ㲻ϣǰƷ׼ˣ
צԼ֣ŽƵķָףϵĻƤϣȻתӡ
㣬ȲҪ֣ԱǸϼһ˴ԣ˵ˣ


899 
ߺ֪ΪԼЩȻԼһ鷳ȴҲһ鷳Ǿצ㰵ߺ
צʵͲҪıƣǸߺû⣬Ǳɰ
צ֧ȥҪ񣬾ǽмȥԱߵĲ֮ǣɢҥԡ
Ǹ֮ǵĳһѹٷУ˺ܣһ䴩£ʲô⡣
ǣͷȴô⣬˵̫ֻǽǿⲻܳλϡ
ǰ˺Եһç
צҲܻɣΪ˻̽ΣһЩСȥ̽ԷԷϵ
צǸ֮ǵһΪ˵ӬͷС˾ǾԲġ
ǣƫƫˣһʲô飬צ𶼻ˮ
ͬʱ֮еһΪ¶ԷȻֻҪһˮǸˣҲһˮǰ浽ǵɽǻ𺣡
ǵ̣ǾʮĿ죬ʲôʱʲôʱɹ˸оԼͳһ֮ǵϰǳ֮ĶԷ
ˣȻҪ̲ȴʼֲңһƽ⣬ʱǾսʱ̣ǻû׼þսء

񣬾˵һǿĶ飬ҪĿģĳλ
צţִԸԻսģȻԼڱ֮
һ棬Ҳǲ˲ѯߺ˵ڸʲôǵһ٣޾ϸҪ
һУצİ˱ܹ´˷ֻ⼸µ֪ԼļƻǱ֪ĻڣһҲ
צ֪ʵɳĸ֣඼Ʒߡ
ǵĴڣԴ˴˸ߺߺ΢΢һת˼ˣЩ˿צˡ
ΪʲôԼأ
ߺʱûв²ֻҲ˸ţʱ򣬸ߺ˽ⶾ裬˽ǹʯ
ȵһЩҰ˵ĶЩϢصצȷǽצԻˡ
صʱ߸ߺ滹һЩһڸţߺиӵĿ϶ˣԷһצɳˣĿľΪ֪Լ˵١
ɣߺջصԼӵʱ򣬾Ѿ³ˡ
ԼľӲԼ˲ֻҲΪԼ˲ǵļһ
ߺΪʲôȷЩצǲأ
ҪڶԷ˰죬ֱǣǶûаֵֶ˼ɴˣߺѾ²ˡ
ⲻ֮زͬĵط֮УҲֻгһʵѣСҪܵġ
ԣܼ򵥵ľȷˣٵˣпĿģһɱ˶ǱһǸԼһУ̽ԼĿġ
ǰߵĻԼһ֮ǣԷͻᶯˣԼߵٶȲǺܿ졣
ǣǲûж֣ߵԽԽͣΪľǲøߺ˷֡
е̫СħˣȻڲ֪Σںʱħٿʱ䣬ʱ䵹Էȫû⡣
Ҳ˵ԷٿʱͣټϱħٿؿռںСʯ
Բٿʱȥδȥȡ
ʱֹֻͣСһʱֹͣʱ߹ȥǵƶķǳϸ
һΣħĽǼȫ˳Ūĺ⼸һư
ǿôΰƵ뵽
ãߺһֱûб¶ǵ˼еġ
צƢ֪ģǸٲãܶԷʵ񣬻ȥ֮ĶǰᣬصģֱӾͲûˡ
صԼӪأߺۼм飬ܵĹܲ͸ĽߺΧм䡣
⼸Ҫиߺ𣬺ڷ磬Ѫꡣ
ĩ˵ˣе㲻׵˵Ϊʲô֪ιпܲΪʲôأѲĴ󷢣
ܣҸоⲻ֮طǾԲĴ󷢵ĳҪȻǸλ
ѪΪ֮еһԱȻⲻ֮УܹΪģǲĺ֮ʵԸǿ֮ˡ
ÿһ¶ݶûпзһ
ߺĿǼĻһֱûʲôҲˣԴӸոս֮˵˵֮󣬾Ҳû˵ʲôͬߺһĿ
Խ˵ԽþȻıۻˣ㼺ԽԽң⼸λ
ߺ۾Ȼħ𣺡磬鷳ȥץһͷ
Ȼߺ˼ˣһʧԭأٳֵʱץһһǸһڻûзӦأèԼ壬ǰ͵ء
էһ䣬û֣ﻹ˵ЩһȥﰡҲǿȻצˣǸ׳յ𣬿һ˾Ժòˣ⡭˭
ߺ˿ûȥһƣԼȫģ붼ˣֻϾԷƷߣô׾ͱɵġ
ߺԼİ֮У˲Է˼һЩ
˭ߺûзϻŶԷȦʱֱӿʡ
һйȻãԷԺ״֮£Լ˵һ˭ߺҲˡ
ıĲøˣצĺΣհڷ֪ˣ˵
ǸߺͦˣȴܸоЩԾ
ʹצԸ֣ǶԷΪʲôԽԽǿأȻԷһЩս֮ӭȡС棬Ҳʹƽôء
ߺǸоЩԾʶãΣյĲʹıצ𣬶Ǹ
뷨˵ˣҲͷͬҲоȷˡ
Ҳڲ֮߹ȥĳУǸʱֻոϳ
ǸʱɱϣȻ˲һͬҪռݳ֮λ֧顣
ʵȻ˵ǿ󣬵ǣͷˣǾƷ۷Ϊ˵ûи˵ļıȴǲܵġ
ڣȴç򣬸ߺȴҲš
绢ˣҿȴֻǶѣװϵģȴͻ˵ǻۣ治򵥣
ߺôۣҲǵһζһˡ
֮󣬸ߺڵһμ˵Уçһ
֣ͷֳۣһž޹˵էһȷçϸç
ǣߺһ⣬ǾǶԷˣʮֵأǶԾӣǷĵء


900 
֮ڣߺûȥǵڤڵǸ򣬷ȥǲ֮ǵķȥ
ߺȻѾצҪΪ˽赶ɱˣֻצ𣬾оƷ۷壬ټһԼһҪѡ
ҲֻħܹԼ뻯ʱױȵٶȣܹЩ˵ѳȥ
ߺٶȲ˵ûа취Ტۡ
ٶȣ˵ǿ֮µһٶȣ𿴶ԷֻƷߵʵٶ˵Ʒ߶Ҫʰ·硣
ĪʱǸ绢
˵仹˭ٶǵһħԳƵڶû˸ҳƵһ
ڵҲûǸٶȣҲſٶȡ
ǣҲħ޵ˣ˾ܵùǿԳ׷ʱյģħٶٿ죬ʱǿҲƳ岻ķ

ǣߺǱɣȻԼΣˣжֶ
ߺҲûħæǣħİȫħʵ̫ˡ
Ͼ֮ڣٶȵһħ𣬾ʲôΣգ˵Ҳˡ
αչأԷȻʼأħϢҪȥܣ˵öԷˡ
ߺҲ𵽵ǲһɵӣצڶɵӡ
óóȻ֮ڤĵط˵ڤ˭ˡ
һѻߺȫȺһһֱҪ췴أҪڹؼʱҪߺˮôڤ˼ҵġ
ʹһʼûҪɱԼˣһֵڤ档ûҲɱˡ
ƥﻳߺʮġ
ڤ˵ˣûпģֺöǻܷŹߺˣ
ϢȥǾûˣĲ˵ֻжˣ˵أȫЩһȫˡ
ңعҲóԹͲõˣ
ÿһ飬һʮöԻָƣҲкܺõƣŹ
Ҫ֪ʮڿȫˣһӵ
ԣߺȷֻҪצ֪ڤϢԼ˾ˡ
ЩѻߺڻŲɴཫ֮·㣬ҲԼҪð

û뵽ߺ˸ոߵ·
ˣߺȴĵĴӶԷϸеΣգⲢǿģô߲꣬ǻµֱ
Էƴ֦Ҷ˵ȴΪԻˣټ϶ԷЩµľ֮⣬ߺȫһôöԸġ
һˣҪı˶ԼĿǺܼ򵥵ģҪıԼ˵ĿȴǷǳѵġ
֪ǰǡߺ˵⣬ͣˣ˫۾Ŀǰ
ʵ˫֪Щ˸Ÿߺô죬ͽߺŴˣߺˡ
Ȼװǲߵġ
ߺţȻԷ֪̽ԼˣͲܲ
ڿ˵ǻϵĵһν棬Ǹߺ֤˶ԷɵǸߺʤһ
ǶԷ֤ԼɵǶԷʤһ
ֻȻ죬ȴϵ˵ʤؼ
Ŷ˵仰ҲԼͷװǿյӡ
ߺ˫һû˵Լ֣ǵ˵ݼǰμ棬ְ֮
ֵĹһЦȻȻΪǰǶСһ̫ģ
ԷΪһç򣬼ֱǿƵˮ©
Ǹ˸ߺĻɣϾе̫ˮ©ˣϵ飬û飬Խǵˮ©Խ⡣
ԷȻҲһ㣬һӣˣˣǸûпһбļһ˵һҪλߣǲ֪
ߺЦһȻȥҾ͸һϷ׵ȥ
ţߺЦĸ黨ƵģԴǵ˵ǰҪ˵һ£ȫǱģǱǶǰһһĹ¿ɼ
һţô֪ģ
ߺ棬ǻݵ˵ǰ¾Ǳ𰡣㿴£ȻΪϸǿҲ֪񣬶ǰľ⣬ͬϽˮ಻ڤӷģһʰ
¶ǰһһİǰȥհһǰķɣȴݳҪıλǶҵǶĴֵҵģίѽǿԹ˭ȡպడΪ磬Ըдһ࣬ᵶʡ
ߺû˵أһ죺ֵܰҲǲӣʵڲ֪ⵤʲô
ûʶǰɣ鿴٣ⵤ࡭ˮī˵ˮī࣬仨ˮҲġ˵˵ţߺȻˣһ߳һ߻Ĩᡣ
ȻҲǿӲĨѣٶʵûа
١١𳪱𳪣֪˼ˣǸԸˣǸԲˣʵȥˡ
ƵģߺҲ֪ԷĳԼʵϷԷҲߺѾԼʲô޴
ֻڵĸߺôطΪУҲһЩ˼һЩƻҪߺɡ
ʵ֮ǳУΪߵģһ۾ͿʵҲоˣǸһʵڲǺӦ
ɣܰץһЩޣտԣ͵Ǹˣ
һֵĿᣬߺ֣ߵıʵķ緶
צ˵£ʹɫܲסǰڨ
Щ£ȻӶֻǺ͸ߺĹǴ⣬Ⱦƣķ緶
ңӸոյ˵Ҳѵء
ߺǸʧһٴγʱ򣬶Цݡ
ߺһС˵־ЦݣֶЦݡ
ҹһ˿ʼƺƵ𲻹֮ǵķȥҺţͲˣе˰ȫϢȫͷųֱĲ֮ǡ
צɴסˣһԲϣġ
ȻȺΪͶԼƭԼʵ
һԼˣԽεĻᣬʱ򣬶һӮ
Ȼ֮Ҳһͳһˡ
צ֪ˣΪԵȻҲ֪ˣͬ뷨ȫߺ˵ڵطӵ
Ϳ˭ܹһߺˣһⲻ֪ȸϵģҲȴȥ


901 𶨼
һȿֺߺ߿нһˣǾצĵطȽϽצȵ˸ߺ֮
ʱ򣬸ߺѾѴһƬˣצʱ򣬸ߺצء
ϸ磬ʶôһλСѣôֵ˵أֵһצ֪ߺпѾͶצ
ȴڲ飬˵ϵСѣˡ
˵ߺ£ţôצ˵ǽȻ˵СѵĻȫȫͬˡ
ߺһЦΪɵأʵ˲ǲ۲۵ɵñ
һˣһֻ𲼵ľֶѡ
צû˵͹һЦŵצļ򣺡ģ㡭ȥɣ
˵һ룬צ֮УͻأĳצУ˸źâݺݵצ֮йȥѪӿצеĵӲĴ̽С
˫ֺݺݵһקצİӶץˣʵ̫ǿˣƷ۷壬ƽʱ򣬾𶼲Ҫ׵ɱԷ
ǣצ϶õ񹭣ȴ֪⹭ֻһֶζѡ
ǿֶΣ廨ţʲô𣬾ɱߣֻһŹǾͲɱߣǱɱˡ
˵ʮ˰ͨеһЩҲǳ뻯
ͱ˵¶Ĺ˹֮⣬ĵǹꪸṳ棬צУӹҲ
˵צˣһֱֻ¶ԼıɽһǣǻۣգҲǱҪǿĶࡣ
˵Ǳʶ֮УȻȽǿ󣬵Ҳֻܹѹһ˶ѣצ֣һǶ֡
ڿʹһ֣ͬаմ˵֮ѡ
пܣѵĹ֮Уеһˡ
ʵħǰ˵֮ܽɱʣµģظǰܹսʤԷ

㡭צΪ֮ˣҲסΪĵʹһǣʧߵ壬Ҳе𾪡
֪ԷùԼʹļҲûп־ΪԽԶɱԽߡ
ߵΪǧȡ׾ٵ顣
ǣԽȻҲԽС룬ǹˣҪң㲻üֱ֧ԼԪۺϴ۳
Ŀʱ䣬צܹһְ취ɱ
û뵽ȻҲͬУצи֣˵צõҲУħһһȦһƲĽϡ
ǹ̶λϣ󵶵Ƚϼˣ̶סУҲ֮еĵ
ȴλͬǲһƬˣƬָͬ״һƬС
̸һһУеĵڲ࣬һ͵ĻǾǷе
ڵϣ󵶵ĵУĵоڵ档
Ҫ˵ȻҲʮֵȻȻʧıɫ
צпȫͬˣȫǿ͵Ϯơ
̶ȻҲͲԶǽս
˵սһצУһȦףڽս֮Уյ䲻Ч
ʲô˼㡭צڼֱеĿû뵽ԼĲ֮ǳȻԼɥĹؼ
мĿ˶ԷһۣĴЦǰ׳գΪһç𣿡
ѵ㲻ǡ
ߣҵȻǣֻǰαװѡһȿǶҷɾ裬Ұİзչ֪ˣҲһʲôһЩӬͷСҲֵռεģЩǣЩ겻ңӵڵʵǿңܲɷֵİ
˵ߺЩ־ԷĻ˿˼ʮ꣬Ǵﻰķ̣Ҫװмڹˡ
ʵ֮УʵľȻ
жĶƣߺһ˵ʵвȱٵһ
ƽʱ޽ģһ֣Ǿһͬ֡
ǿͬʱצ𣬻Щ㣬һǻȥҲ֪ʵĿˡ
ʱ϶һģʱʹǿҲֵĶ֡
Ծôһֱȥֱߺһ֧ǿֵʱ֪ԼĻˡ
ߺ֧ȱٵľǶʵ԰ټƵߣǿ൱һ֮һʵ
ټħ𣬱ҲӵаƷߵʵȻÿһ֮ǵĳǾƷ۷塣
ȴûаƷߣһ֧ǲɶõˡ
֮У˭õӵеֿǵڳ䲻֮£ǹҲԲʲô¡
ǽ֮Ǳǣµ׳Ļô˸ߺļ룬ͺñȸһϼ
Ͳ˵˰ɣצջ󣬼ֱԱ
צΪ飬Ȼ֮ǰԼֻҪ֮жһжԲҪ°֡
ǷŵϣҲľ

оγ֮ţ֮ߣ˳ᢾʤǧ֮⣬ȻҲף˻ô롣
צڷŭ벻֮ȥˣ˵ʱγߣСƲߣȵļıأ
еԵɻû˵ʱȻһȣ̺ԼĴеþ㱡
е˶ѹʱצѾɢˣԭֻһѪצС
˾ȻҲһޣȻҶ֣Ҫľ򣡡ؿϻ˺ۡ
ģҴߺľ˵ķǳס
ԭצ𷢳һȵʱѹѾоߺؿڻȥ
ʱצȻǽס˷ˣҲһ̣Ϊɵʱ
Ϊ˵һ̣ȻԸˡ
ɱĻҲɱצֻԷһЩʱѣڵʱ
Ĳצϵһ𣬾צˣҪɱԷҲˡ
ȻﻹкԶľ룬һʱϵ뽫ԼеһУвȶصĴڡ
ԸԼһЩ˺ҲҪĽצɱ
צһЩȻɢޱȻʧȥЩȻͷ£ɢȵɹʱ򣬽Щһá
֣Ȼֻ߰˸һ޹ʹСһ


902 ʮһ
ͼ򵥶ˣշǵķܼ򵥣ֻǸһԼƵĶҩȫˡ
˵ֶҩڲ֮ܵеһյأǸطĵط
Լ˵ǸطԳһƬ磬һĴ󣬴ڵĵطҲе֣˵Ǹطеһжɫġ
ǴⰻȻ̣޵ɫһëȻĸо
Ƭ֮УӣһСģǱ˵ǽ뵽ƬֵĵطˣԼ޷õϡ
˵һβС˶ǿԼΪӲĿסһʱֲ̣С˱Ķ
Զ֮£ſɹĻָҪȻԼزˡ
ڣһ̸۵ľҲȥǸطˡ
Ǹ֮УһƬˣȻô󣬵ʮ֮һĹ˵һˡ
ǸطգǷɱȣ˵Ȼû𼶱Ĵڣ߼Ķȴǲ
кܶƷ۷弶϶ʵѾ֮۷塣
ȫĿ棬û߽ȥֻ취һΪǳªĶ֡
ڶ취Լ֮еĴֿһ취Ҳ̵һ취Ǿе
ǸطȻףҲڵ֮УԵеҲŷǳ޴á

ˣߺҪˣ֪ȻԼʮֵ磬˵ЩĹ֡
Ǹߺֱ뻢ıƤһȻ࣬ǹȴǳ˲¹ͷԸ񣬱޻Ҫ硣
ԼһʵԷʱ±ԷˣԼҲ޼ƿʩ
ߺĴȻ֮£һǬʰ¡
һеļıھԵʵǰ޲
ͺñһָһܹ˫ȭ޵УŻڣǹһˣڿҰ֮԰Ҫ̸ȡʤҲֻǾлˮ¶ѡ
οԷһڸߺأǳˡ
Ȼ뿪ʱ򣬸ߺ˶Էһµġ
ʩչһԼٶȣֱ̾ΪֹߺҲȷıԼֻԸȥΣյĵطⲻܵΣ顣
ܵĵعһСƾߺе֧ӣҲͳһܸߺյľǾ񣬵ҲͳһƬġ
ŵǲͬˣʱ𼯺ܳǵȫͳһⲻܵҲֻ顣

ħٶȣͽԼǲֵѹסˣ֪ԼٶȾûħٶȿ졣
ʱ򣬼ʹǽߺȫɱˣֻҪӳһȥţټٶԼҪͳһܳǣ˼֡
ڸߺ޵в֮£סûжԸߺ֣Ƿθߺ뿪ˡ
뿪ʱ˫ңڵķ򣬵ЦǸҾףһ·ƽˣǸط˵Σգʵƾ֮еĵټǿʵҲһΪġڵΣأ㶺˵ʲôʱͻΪҸսô˵㶮˰ɣ
ѽѽķǴ󣬴Ҷеͷʹˣ򡭡
һŭȣܵ΢羹ȻֹͣˣطԵúǳơ
ȻԷ˵ҲޣߺˣԷȰԼҪ˻ˮȻɾ²ˡ
òҪȥǱͨ籨ţȻĻͻһԶֹͣڴˡ
粻˲
̫Ŭˣͨ籨ŵˣͻΪǰߡ
֮󣬸ߺֻǸ֮һЦȻԼʼԶȥʧǰ
һƷǰ˵ϣѲɾôˣҪҪڰ·ϡ
˵⣬ǸӰĨһ£֮ԢԱ
˫΢У˫֮һƺâ
ͿոûǸڼ˵ٶһ֮ǰ˵ģȮıܲɷֵĹϵ
˵ΪҲûʲôҪǸýˣ˵һֽȥһնһܳųɵҪΪʮǰƾͣôܹϳ֮λ
ˣһǸܳˣʵҿҲ֡˵˵ٶȣô£Ȼ޷£Ǿʹȥ

ߺûдеȥƬڣǽڲ֮ܵС
ҸǣܵʵȵԼʱֻģûȻģʸΪߺױ
ڷ磬뵽ߺĶ֮УǸЩԨԴأǺ֮Уڼ֮мرԭǼ׵֮һ
뵽ߺıУﵽߺΪĴڣһ磬Ҳˣ˵ǽһԼˡ
ֻ˽Ƭĵ֮УħȻеһԷٶȿԳΪһ
ټϣԷҲǸطĺģԼҪȥǸطҪȻĻһӵġ
Ѫ꣬ΪߺµĵһȻҲǸŸߺˡ
Ѫܹظָ㣬֮еҲǵȻְΪĻδؾͱ
˵ѪظİͽˣظôĵĽ֧ӽиߺ
ҪȻĻƾߺôĴֻҪѪ겻ϣô֧ӵָȨѪš
ƬĶߺǲôĺ£ֻСûˡ
ȷ˵ģʮֵ֣ȻһɿݵĶɵŻ
ǶߵĲ״ܹЩ֮ǰôʹĹ̡
ߺûж˵һ̤˽ȥѪں棬Ψָߺʲô⡣
ߺֻоԼǰһǰȫķ˱仯Ǹ̵磬һ硣
֮ǰȫǻɫģǻ̵ģȫ汸ߺһִǾ˼䡣
ɽˮľïܣ޵Ļ䣬֮Уûһ˿
ͺƵģҪһڣûе֮
ħԱߣȻʼ޵˸һ˿ħħȻǵ֮ȴĽǶ뵽֮ȥ
ߺ飬ΪûжĴˡ
Ȼ˵еĻȴ֪ǵ˼䡣
˼УֳǺģڵ֮УǾ˵Ĺ졣
Ϊߺʼռһ㣬Բܻ죬ԽҲûз뷨
ֱӿˣѪ꣬ʧȥǰļ䣬ڻҰĵ֮Уֳˡ


903 Ϸˣ
ķյģܶǿĻ֮Ҳֻ𣬲ſԳƬ֮У뵽֮
ĴԵֿ֮ߵĴĻ½벻һܹߵĴȫʴˡ
˵ʲôʵĻô֮ǺڶﲻգѾǿһĵزܹڶĵزˣǾĴˡ
ǧֻҪûдﵽǿĵزͻᱻǻ֮ȫɡ
Ҳǿһĵزˣͬһ㣬ΪһС硣
˵ĻȻڵʵǵ֮еһ֡
ͺñ˵ǮһǮģȴ֮еÿһλá

ߺһˣʼ̤Уٶ΢һЩҪнһ·̾ҪϢһ
ħûж飬ǰ׼Ƶģеħ鲻ϵĳֻ֣Ҫħһ㵭̽־óһöħ顣
ߺǲټϹԵ㲦ҲǸߺΪ㣬ǿһЩﵽʱĵ֮¾ǺʮȵĴˡ
ϾʮޣĹûôصĵ㲦
ʮô˵ǵĲ˵ĸĻǾǣͶԵ֮˿ɼʡ
Ǹߺͬ˼䣬Զ֮ͲôϤ
ֱȪͼŵһνӴ֮ȻǸʱ򲢲ĵҲǿˡ
Ӽ뵽ҵʱʽ뵽˵֮У˵ߺԴʼʹûнӴɽʽ
ɽ֮Убߣ֪ʲôԵʣйںĴ֮ض١
ֱڴ֮пˡ
ߺ֪ԼûȥĵطѰҵʲôйڱʲôģ˳׵Ļٵˡ
߻ҵ֮˵֮УȷûйڱĴ֮أҲûиߴĵط
֮֮Уߺûз֣֮Уʺϱߵĵط
δߺȴҵط֤粢ûֵطǾĳʱΣһǿĴ߳׸ȥˡ

ʣľѪˣΪȻ͵ģǵ֮ǱȲϸߺ
һٶҪԭȴѪϣԼҲ֪飬ʼˡ
ߺ˲û˵ʲôΪ֪ǽĻмͿиҡ
ֲά׵֮УǲŽᣬֻҪʲôΣյ飬Ľ
ҲѪĿʼˣֱ˲ҪĵزȻߺû˵ʲôѪ̬һߣȴĸܵѹ֡
һֲڳĬбڳĬ뷨ߺΪ֮һ
ÿ죬Ѫ궼ߵĹ֮Уֵµʱٽ޸Լڵĵ֮ǧٻصĥ
ֵطòĥˣҪ֪Ѫĵȫ꣬õʱǾʹţѪҲߵսᡣ
ߺһЩѻһ£Ҫġ
ոյƬռʱ򣬻ĺúõģģһ㣬ߺȽġ
Ͼѻһ֮лӵе֮ˣڵ֮Ĺûе֮ȫܵġ
ߺŴԼͣͷѻֱӷˡ
ͬߺģֱˣֱӷˣǻģھȻֳ
ȻʲôߺȫǾˣһ߿һ͵ԱߵĶԷ
ڼٵĽ˵ʲô֪
ߺʾĿ϶ô֪ӵ޿ɲа
ʵû취ˣֻѻֱģֱֱƣ߶
ߺˣʮֵȻƭǣ
ǻ֮еè壬ҲͰ߼ǿˡ
֮Ȼо綾ǲͬ˵ģմżǸʱҪͷ°ɣ
˶ʼųһ˿֣һ˿˽ȻԼȥա
֮˵Ȼ׵ĺ
һţһضɽҡɶ񣬳㣬ȴϹۣ
ߺһ仰˵ȴǺ޼ôˣûñƭȴƭˡ
һһĶţҪԭǣȻ˺Ƕ˵ȴû̫Ĺϵ
ǿȻжֻҡ˵ѣʹ˵꿺ܶѣͱոֳֻѻ
һţһǵضɽҡһǧ⣬ѩƮȻ
ʱԶһӰʼ߷˹һ߷ɣһ߹ŴЦ
λѣϷˣˣλѣ
ߺ˲ԼͬͣסˣŸոԼĶƲ۾ԶԶͬ־
ȵӽʱħһɲǾʧˣȻһӰ˸ߺĽ¡
ߺȱһĴأһˣڿԼˣ
˵еϷˣϷˣ


904 ϱ
λˣúΰΰģøߺ̾Ϊֹ˵Ӷۡ
Լиһң²ɫĺӣ۲ɫͷɫͷڣϲɫۣǳɫսѥ
ߺôоôôҵûأǸոǲǸˣоԼ۶ˡ
֪λǣԷһᣬʮֵĿ֪ôⰡľˡ
һΪҲߣֻһƷߵΪȸߺҪС
ߺҲɱԷضէǻΪոһ˵ҵˣм壬Ǿ͸Ӳܵˡ
˭֪ԷļжӴǺʵɱ֮ԼĴȫпڶԷʬ֮С
һһ˴ϢˣǿĴܹǧ֮á
ʱֻҪ˼ѰڶԷĴϢϲѯԼ˵ĴϢԼһоΣˡ
˵˵һδ֪磬ǧ򲻿ôçײ
仹ڲ֪ôȥʱûҵصԭȵĴ󣬾͸Ӳˡ
ǶǣħһˣҵֽħλҵֳħǱǸǶ˵£Ѫߺ۾һת֡
ǱǸˣסˣͷƤ룺ˡ²ѧǳĲ֪ߴ½壬ǲһߴ½İɣ
˵һ䣬ΪˣѾʼߺˣߺ֮һ㶣û뵽绹Ǿͷһ硣
˵Ǹ絽ǲǵأ˲ֱ֪˵Լǵģ˵սһˡ
ߺʱսϾ黹ûиأͿʼսǶ˵Ҳ̫Σˡ
ǸߺҪԭ򣬾ΪѰڤΪսģԼսĻǻԼѰҵڤܴŵġ
ߣ󵨣ʲôߴ½ֱ΢ĴڣҲҵᲢģ
˵ţߺ˫һɣ˫ۼŷȥһԲ̱ɱɲ
ܵʱգʼ΢΢ˡ
ߺһͣˣĿ־ˣȻҲ֮ڽΪߺ֣һ֮£Ϳɫȣʵǲ̫ˣôܲ־壿
ԭλʧˣɫԽӵĹǼˣûֻи
ǿ£֪ѶˣЦǺǵӲӡ
ͨ˽⣬ߺ֪粢ûе˽ֻ˺پǡ
ңһĶǾƷ۷ΪǷǳļһû֮УȻ۳磬ܡ
һĳƺԼǸ粻ͬߵȼģƷҲͬġ
磬һƷߣһƷƷߣǶƷƣƷߣǾƷ
棬ǿľǾƷˣûǿĸ֣Խߴ½˼ǣĴ½
ҲΪû˿Ȼ۷壬ϲ֪ٱ
ӴͻᵼԴãԴþͻᵼս
ͬһ½֮ĹĶǣɱɱĴ½ɱȻֻһ󣬵ȴʱ͵߹ȥǹ
սӼ½ֻǱߵĴ½ȫͬߵĴ½ǲͬĶ붾
ǱߵĴ½½ŵһƬʹõĴ½һΪߵҲͬĵ
ǱҲ½ħֵʱһһĹŹָоǸĴ½
Ǹ½֮⣬½һŵǸĵֻû֪
οʮ򶼴ӵһλǿߣ½Ѫȷ磬ȻٴȥԶ˵صĵ磬ֱһ磬ǳϽ硣
Ǹǲߴ½Ͽգû֪Ҳû˻ȥģΪǲңҴ⴫˵еĵ磬׻ôǿڡ
£Լ֪̫࣬ԼԹĴѣ˵Ϊ
ûһǿߣԸȥԼĵϸ֪Խ࣬ʹԽ࣬ԼҲԽΣա
һЩӢ۵¼ñֻԭĻ֤ʲôʿΪ֪ѡ
ǣһΪԷԼ˶׿ǿĻˡ
չʾԽǿ󣬾ͻԽӵı¶Լȱ㣬Ҳ͸ñ˸׵ҵԼ㡣
ЩǴˣĿеõϢߺҲӦˣȥȥ͡
˶ȥģϾһĻԼȥָͣ߶ԷԼϽˡ
ҪԼĳԭ򣬶Լ˳ֵĻԼˣ
ãǸˣԭǴţģҵȷǺǿˣҲֻһļѣ
һˣһƷһ׵ܵˣһλǿƷˣå
ȷڸߺ˵УƾѪܹԷļεˣ˵ǿħˡ
Լ˶ȥ˵Ҳôĵģߺֻ룬֮ǰѻһ峤ֵڤʲôط
Ĵ˵ڵ֮һˣ඼Ҫߴ½ҵصԭĴ
ԶԷ˵ĵڤߺĲǷǳڵڤʲôӣҲֻѻ֪
ǻĸףһεѻ峤Сġ
ԸߺʱɱԷδԷƣǵڤȫˣԼ͸Ҫҵڤˡ
ҵڵأȻɽ֣һ徹Ȼְյĵطߺ󰡡
Ĳ඼ǰ׵ĸ߶ȣһЩ滨֮ɢζԻĵġ
Ǹߺ˵Ϊ㣬þ
ΪûŵĻǲҪģҲֻΪ˲ſƾԼΪӲ
磬Ϊ͵ǲߣҲߣߣȻ߱Ƕʿ۽ǶʥǶʦ漶Ƕ̣Ƕ˧
󣬾ʮ𣬴ǧ𣬵𣬱ǶһƷʮƷ
ȻǿľǶˣһƷƷ
Ҫ˸ж֮еģһȴܹ֮ܵ
ֻҪǿĵܹ֮ܵķΧǵͻᱬը
뵽֮󣬸ߺϽΪϱ̱ˣåˣå̱Ϊϡ


905 Ŀꡪ
νļ壬ڿе߯˵㣬ľʷӣûשߣҲû¥ֻͬһСׯһ㡣
סĵطǺñǹŴׯеĸǴ峤סĵطøߺеһĹ벻Ӧ
֮Уʹĵطӵ¥ͥԺʮҲӦǻʹһĴڰɡ
û뵽ֵطøߺһʱԽܡ
ߴ½вôоڲƭˣУҪȥ315ٱߺһľʵСϣ߷߲ƽ˵
λҵϣվһʮƽ׵С֮УҲͰˣ澹ȻûУܿյһƬ
õģȻ̸ڵϵӲݣŪĸƵģһùζϵĴ̼Ÿߺ񾭡
һѪҲˣѾ˵ߺ֪ˣԷ϶Լߺö١
λǶԼס𣿡ʱΪͲˣڵˡ
ʶ˵Żʵϸߺ˵ɫѾʵ뷨
ʮ֮ˣٺɵЦվԭأֻѾıòˣֻٺٵɵЦ
׻ģˣֿԸõڹһ£Ǿͷͷ
⵽ô£ǾôӴϱǳϵĴǲ˵ˣ߳ߺɫָǶѲݡ
ˣ֪ԼᵽôߵأΪ⼸һŰ񣬴ϲ˶ѡ
ˣ߽һֽǣôȺŹأЩ궼ûٱȺŹ
ȻԷҪ򣬸ɴͱͷλү
û뵽λүҲţƣʹսȻҲɵˡ
ˣΪˣԽԽжԸߺ˵ͬϽˮ಻
˼˵Ͻ˾ǲͬôǿǸԼߴ½Ƶģ˶ǲ۲ġ
⻰ǱЩˣǵѪɣʲôԼ˵ȲУ㱻ĴˣƤҲвС
ҲǸأԲûִ򣬵¶ԷƤ񣬵Ǵûд
ճα򣬵Ȼоʹˣλˣӵ

ˣĽͣߺף֮У󲿷һжжģңҲֻûöľͷġ
֮Уûжľͷǵûκεã˾ˡ
ʱ򣬵Ѻ½ķˣҲûжãǸߺ˿ɲߣסڴȴòˡ
ټЩӲݣҲЩ꣬רѰģȻжֻҪʳȴûжĶԡ
ֶݣȻо綾ǶԶߣȴûκεãһ˿ö𲻵ǵֻкȴһôûС
ֲݣ˵ͬǼһ㣬ʳ֮ζ֮ϧϾôҲһֶ
ߺȴǴио˲ƽҪ˵ȻʢУǵ֮ǿ
ȴĩãֻȡ֮ȴ֮Ķǿ󣬵֮û䡣
Ȼˣ֮ȴǴڵģγɵĶЩ޶˲ãк
Լ˵ȴϵڱ
ȻЩݣǶжģǲ֮ߺţʮа˾ţЩУǵ֮۶ɵġ
뵽⣬ߺһɣˣˣӲ֮УصӲе
Ȼһʼֻһ˿ǸߺȻܵӴĵ֮Ϣ֮С
ߺ̴һ漴Цտⶫʵ̫ˣȻ֪ʲôݣǣȻе֮Ǿ֤ûֻҪЩжȴõĶݶӦúܿҵڤˣ
ߺ΢΢һʱ䣬ѻ˵һγ죬ѾԶˣԼٲץĻµʱҵҲܵõڤˡ
ڤһ飬Ҫܳʱ䣬ǧ꣬ǣ֮󣬴ڵʱȴ̡ܶ
˵ǹʵֻϴڰҵʱ䣬ͻػɾĵ֮ʵ֮еĵ֮
ߺ֮УҵȻĻʱһߺǿ󣬿Խˮһˡ
ߺħѪ꣬һˣåЩ飬»ˣåȽ֪һЩ
ˣһŵÿÿȥҰȥˣ֪顣
ˣåˣͬˣҲߣһң΢΢һЦǾбŹͷһӣȣϢеֽҡš
ߺÿοжǲǸоƽĶȴ̺ɱÿҡΣߺ񶼸źݺݵĶһ¡
λ˵ֶߴ½˵洦ɼҲҪ˵ģĪɽҵĺԺ֮У˵ǵĿľΪԺ£
Ц˵ţֶǲɽĶҩֻҪһöǾƷҲֻܹѹƣۿԼĶԼ֮ɢΪͨˡ
ߺ֮˫һħ࿴һۣ˵ͷ
жȻֶʮа˾˵ľǵڤ㲻ǵĻҲһ̺ŵڵڤĹ
ӸߺĿУէһڤϢҲһǺö
ħ˵أڤͺˣٶȣܹɹҲܹɡ
ҵʵΣߺʼҵĵڤˣȻħٶȿ죬ǲܳĶǰ
һߺ֪ǸǲǵڤأʱҪѻȷһ¡
ҲҪһߺҪڤԼռֲ֮
ڤҪҲǺѣֻҪ̺֮ŵ֮ȫĿˡ
ǡãߺǼرԭӵе֮Ҳǡ÷ڤ
ԸߺҹңȻĵȴڤ죬֮Լ֮УԼΪһĵز
һص·ߺǻûǣʯء
Ȼֻʯ֮УǸӰӸ˸ߺǻģǸߺǲģԼȥѰҡ
ҵ峤ǽһƷ֣һֶѳ뻯ˣ˲ϢȫԱʩչ綾ݲ
ߺһ㶣ɣץåӦֵ𣿻иո˵Ǹǰٲݿݰɣũݣرҩ
Ʒ޻ǶҪɱĺѰ
ټĵܵܣ޳ܣҲһƷ֡
ߺò̾޳ߴ½һ𣿡


906 ׼ͣ
֪벻Լļѵһط𣿡ߺ΢΢һϣջ˵
ˣåһЦе΢ϣ뷨Ȼеģ֪ħкμ̣ǲʲôõ뷨أ
ԸߺǺ𾴵ģȻƷߺ֪߳ٵȼǣߺĺϽ׵ġħš
ҸߺĻƷħ𣬼ƷѪ˼ҪԼ壬ֱ׾ٵ飬Ը൱Ҳġ
Ǻãյʱ䣬ԼսԱպң̤ƽˣɾ֮
˵Ÿߺ˫΢УˣåӵʱŵһɲѰĵ
ͺһ˸ߺ֮УŸߺȥ
˵ߺҲ˸ոΪʲôԼоˣåҡӵʱԼоļˡ
ߺһۣ˶˶Էеһ˿ŭȻ֪ʲôãȴǶ
ȿȣһȴǲò˵֮Ϊ˧ΪǸʱϣҲҪڰʲôȻĻҲ⿪ɱҵٻʦ磡
˵꣬ߺǰĺʼۣһԼĴָϸķۺɫγɣߺһץסȻתʧˣåǰ
ȵ˵Ӱȫʧʱˣåɫ׵ĺ
ҵĶ̫ˣȻһССһƷƷˣ漴תʼɵķ
ϾԼĶ˵ԼʵȽҪ
ռǸطˣåʹˣֻԼʵûôǿѡ
ռǸطв֮һռдĶԴǽǸطռˣԺҵʵԻ
ʱҵǰ;ֱһƬչ֮žȫڵˡ
ʱҲԲô
뵽ˣåһаƬ֮УǰһĴˣ۰һ˿ɵС
˵ʵһĴڣ˵һ䣺ûдڵıҪˣ
ôĻڶ죬Ҿͻȫߴ½ʧûټ
ҶԶ֣һЩʹҵ̵һЩСͻ׵ĽҹϷˡ
ҵʵƬҲ̫ģǽܹŵǰʮһȣȫûа취Ტ۵ġ
ڶңҵĶ֡
ӵƷƷʮƷʮƷ
ڶҽӵƷѣƷҲֻƷѣƷٵÿ˵ǳ׵ĺˡ
һҽҪįı׼ҵδ
Ȼûеڶôǿ󣬵ҲǺˣˣå֮£мȻΪֻһƷǱǸɲĵĸȴǺöˡ
Ϊǻᣬ㹻ʱȥʱ̶ֳȣƷƷпܵġ
⻹ڼԴĻϣĵõҵĵ̣ҵԴôΪƷźܴܵġ
ߴ½ͬڱĵطǿԴӲ϶ѣ˵ǵﵽߣǾȴһܹﵽ
ǲںʽҲأҵˣܹĶ
ǣǽƫ棬ѣĴȣȴǲࡣ
˵ߴ½һƷûƷߺĶĻҲԲǸߺĶ֣˵Ҫߺɱ
ûĲͬһжɴ֧ţ˴͵ӵ֧ʸˡ
ߴ½ĶȴǣûӦĶôǵʹǿҲ߹һ㡣
ң½ϣ洦ɼԲܹôɹ
ԽɹҲŶԴԽԽ٣ҪȴԽԽ࣬ߴ½ìˡ

֮ˣåȻԼ־ˣԼǧ֣ˣڵĻһλһƷټˣåһƷ
ģ󲿷ȫǶһģΪβ룬ʵֱߺͷʹ
˼Ҷϻڿߣ󰡣ȫһȼϡ
Լ֧֮ȺһҪడȺһĶǴԿԳưһ
ԸȻǲ磬ƾߺĴҲоųɵʤʡ
ǣڼʹߺôţҲֻֻɵʤʶѣڸߺеǸˡ
˵ȥĻóȥˮȻ޷ջˣǸߺֻܹˣʵڲУֻܹǸ취ˡ
ħȥ͵Ȼ͵֮󣬳׽ǵڤٵ
ϾڤǱһƬССҶ̺ŵԹ˵Ųɶõá
˵Լ֧ӣȫ֮Ӵʵ
ǣ鲻һ̣ߺǲģǣڤĺÿɲǵڤ֦Ტ۵ġ
åˣåսҪλõԱǸߺ
УǼСߺԭΪԼҪһֽţŻķڷأûøߺ֣˾ˡ
ֵĲǱˣǱߺŰεˣ
ԼҵǰһǸʵСһȭߣƷŰ֡
ˣм˿ڿˮСҸҴ綷ǰֻаķݣ㿴ۣǲ׵ģǱҴģߡ
е˶һͷ亹ƤҲһˣͰ£ôٵ˳ռ˶ıƵģҵǳ׵ˡ
ҼˣåԼĸ糹׵ˣʲô°
ȷûж֣ΪϾԼĸˣåĸĸɥʱĸһƷˡ
ˣһʺһĽ֮ģ縸ˣϵõ˺ܺõ֡
Ȼ֪Լĸ粻ŵȴܹʲôΪԼĸΪ˰̵ʵǲף˴õ껪ڵΪʼͣһƷľϡ
ҿʼе˷ΪʮСӣÿСΪһӣУһһڰ
еСӣյŵġUǰֻҪһС⵽ΧСҲͣɰеС̳֮ƽ֮Ȼڱûзֵʱ򣬿ٵ
ʱӵģÿ˶Ҫħ˵һУҵǶҪִУǲȻĻסң飡
޹棬ذܣߺʮġ


907 Ų
Ҳ²⣬ԷʹǿǣҲûᷢϾһһƷĶ飬ֹģ˵ʵ̫Сˣ
µĽսԸ˴ңߺصЦЦԼ˵仰ʮֵš
ȻмһƷ岻мƲƲ죬Ըߺ˵ĻȫΪ⡣
ҲǣߺûнӴԷƾʲô˵ԷСɵĶ鷢ѣ淢ѵĻƾһɹɵĶ飬ͲǶԷĶ֣˵ᱻȫҲ˵
Ȼ˲ˣåǿѹ֮£ҲոߺķˣеԹԾͲ˵ˡ

֮󣬸ߺ㿪ʼ飬ÿһһ֧飬ӳˣåߺΡ
ˣåεǸϵСӣеĸСӳȫһһƷһ̵ֲܽ֡
ߺ֪һ֧ûУǾʧܲԶˡ
ȷе˵飬൱ֻͬĶ飬Ȼ˵ͬҵĶ飬ȷ˵ȴǲͬʵġ
ߺĴӣԼħѪ꣬ˣһˣĵϵҲһƷֵǱˣúܶࡪ
ˣǸߺ֮һӦãͨߺ˽⣬һͲˣ෴ɣˣͲκεĹϵƵġ
ߺĻɣ˧׸ˣûйϵ
ãˣԼˣѾϰΪˣܶʱ䶼΢ЦԶԡ
ˣĻҲƴӣһТĵĺӡ
ˣԸߺǰٷ֮ٵķţˣԸߺĻҲǰٷ֮ٵӣߺÿһ´һһӦĲѪ꣬ˣ
ڶĲҲѪ꣬ˣߺߺĻͬһ㣬ֱﵽĵز
ŪѪʵĸߺµһЩ˼ˣԼߺ¶û˼̶ֳȡ
Ͳ˵ˣǿǸߺһʦ֣벻ߺоνġ
ħⳡս֮УҪĲ쵼˿ɼٶȣߺٶĴݳȥ
ƾħٶȣߴ½»ûмܹ׷ϣǸߺ֮Լߵԭ
һǣһеĻԼĶܹȥǸߺƻ·ɣһΪѪжɽʱԼѪ˻˳ⳡսһ׶εļƻ
ֻ飬ߺħ˭ûиߡ
ʱս֮ǰϢȴûսϢߺ²һԷϣ᲻ֵȤ
Ǹߺǿߵ˼ǵģһֻǲһֱʲôȤģʹǷѣҲӦֲͬȼϻ
̬ǲ׵ģΪƬȻߣͬҲǿߣһңͻҵʵ࣬ǲᵽġ
鱨ϵĴߺ˫ҲԽԽأսϣʱǺҪģкõĻᣬûаסٺõĻҲûá
ЩСӣÿһߣҵһƷģγȥҪִ񣬿СɵĶ飬ȻҲŵȥˡ
ȻҲһЩȽǿɣܵ˵ûгƷġ
ߺһָСӰĳһͿʼоСϸĻҲǡUΣŵġUΡ
֧һһO״İΧм䡣
ǸߺĲԣƣȻҵʵǺܲѪħأʹٲԸԷƷڶһƷҲʲô⡣
οߺ֮УˣåӲֻǵ߶ѣ;Ĺ֮УֻҪԶԶĸӦ˴ӶйԼĶڵ϶һֽš
ȻһΪ˻ָʵˣå붾оٶȱȽһЩȴÿһطֽš
ֻҪ֧飬ͻڲ֪֮УǸֽŵ
ڣߺõһϢǾǾӵһƷѾﵽʮλˣƷʮλƷʮλƷʮλƷλƷﵽλ
Ǹߺÿ֧鴫Ϣܺͣʱ򣬸ߺһʾһħ
ħ⣬֮ŷһͬضݵľ޴б
ͬᴩصľһ㣬Ȼһţȴݺݵ˵ģڻζ֮УסĲ
ˣźˣжʱǾ͸ǸĶȫȻԴԴϵ붾Ҫɱ
ߺ΢΢´ߴ½һԿԼǿΪܹǿĵˡ
˵ĻʹڣǰΧȦеĵˣڵ˸߳
һһƷʮƷټƷʵȫܹһ˲ȫĴݻҡ
ûҵĻһҲȫԳΪƬ֮Уǿļ֮һ
ȻûƷǶĴڣǵƾֵͼսȫܹڳȴƷļ֮гưˡ
ڳһƷľܹƬǰҲûġ
ʵϣЩ֮Уֻǲʮ֮һҲ˵ЩֻıɽһǶѡ
ʣµЩˣǸôأ磿Ӳһ𣬽ԲʮﶼΧС
һĶʼʩչԼĶмǸͷŶȥ
Բʮʼ任ɫȻʼ˷ۺɫĶͺ񱻷ۺɫһ
ˣåеһ֣ʩߣͻ̱ʩʵūҲڸߺ֮õĽҲΪʲôһҪˣå˵Ҫԭ
ֶҵĴҶһǲ⴫ġ
ֶֻҲȱ㣬ǾǶԵ֮ȻûκεãԸߺа취
ħ𣬸ͲõģһԷʵûħǿ󣬵ڶħпħħ
ֶ֮УһвǶкôģûôġ
ֻҪǾͻᱻħ֮ɢľħ׵
Ҳħ޿֣ʹ֮ûе֮ҲҪԭһ㣬ԷͲߴ½Ķһ¡

ֶһֺôǾǼĶǾͻɻ춾ΪһǿĶԭֻǿ
ȴǿƵĶˣ˳ɥʧǵĶΪһ㣬ʹôߺģмʽҸû
ңֻҪһƳɹߺļƻܹһˣͬһƽöԷò뷨ȥߡ


908 
һսУߺ˵ǺСģûκεãֻʩչԼǿĴһƬôסֹ˳
ֹҲֻܸߺȴģΪߴ½֮еߣ˶öʹôֻܹöǡ
öǵĻ̫ǿӰԼߵ֣̫ԵҲûˡ
۴ͬǰģҪʱ͹֮ʱ򣬾Ͳᷢ
һܹѡԵĹֻǴ㿴ͱȶǿϲ֪ٱ
ߺм䣬ǲϻɱߣкȻҵҲһˡ
ֶʹõĻǾū˵ĶѾνǴˡ
û뵽ֶȴ֮һЩǿĴ֮⣬Ȼ޽⣬ںϱĶ֮󣬸ܹɻ춾
ֶ͸ѽˣˣʩҪǿһӵе֮ͱʩ߸ǿĴȻĻҪ⿪ȴˡ
Щ˸ոշжʱ򣬾ͻæĿʼԼĶԼγһ֡
󲿷ֶΪˣһʱ侹Ȼ⻪˸ɫĶɢĹâͬⱦһ㣬һЩһΪ鱦
֡鱦ȴҪģߺţһƷܵĶ֣ʹǶҲܹ˲䱻ʴɾ궼
ʹдҲⶾֵԳˡ
֮УûԶɾģԶ֮б
ǸߺȴΪ⣬ʲôⶾɣһĶӦǿģҲΪ
ߴ½УЩȴ³ˣֻע壬ȴ˼һͨ춾
жִĻͲܹʩչֻҪ΢ǺԼ൱Ķͻ֡
˵ߺȻܿöǲö
Ҫߴ½֮һ϶ӵģԸ߳һ춾ߺǱȽġ
ֻϰһ̲ĴУӴֻ壬ߴ½ʹܹȫ濪ڵҲֻһĽ
ЩһȫɱۺˣܸͲԼͬ飬Уǰ߻̸ЦĻ飬תۼѾΪ˵ĳˡ
ΪˣߺⶾǱкܴϣġ
ģĲҽԽԽˣӿʼͬһŭҽУѾ΢ˡ
ߺıе֮ԲⶾԾɲҽȥۿȻֶԸߺıûãǲЩ˵ĶԸߺûá
ߺɲִŵȥéΪʵ̫ΣˣΪ˽ļƻ˫֮ϣĶ
춾ȻѰ֮Ȼֻʣ˴Լʮ˵ǿʮˡ
ʱ򣬸ߺʼɵ´ܵĶȥʣЩˡ
ǸߺĻ¶ֻܹʣһˣǾһˣҲǽܵȫɱһˡ
ڣԷʣʮأʮȴˣʵǰٲһƷǿһЩƷڵʵʱһƷܹ׵Ľ֮
Ϊʲô֮ȫҵһСҲһֱԸߺΪжҪ˵һƷŭĶŸߺ˵
ڸߺǲ⣬ַŭԸߺһһƷΪжҪ˾Щ
ˣһ֮Ȼʵ࣬ȴԽԽΪ⣬Ϊߺֻƾˣ֧֡
ȫȥ֮󣬸ߺʲôǣӦñȲϡ
Ȼ뷨ҲֻѣؼǸոжһֱҲߺƲʧ
жʼʵʩָ֮ߺļƻˣʹǰΧȦҲô򵥡
û룬ô򵥵ļƲߣΪʲô벻أ
һЩ˾ӱʹǼ򵥵ļƲ߶벻˼ҵļƲ֮ȴǲΪ⣬Ϊǡ
ǣߺġʧ󡱱ˣȻ˵з⼸һѲҪ֪ԼϮˣȻٳԼ
ľһ
һָ𣬸ߺֻ΢΢һۣ¶һõ΢ЦϤߺһ֪ߺ¶ĻǾҪùˡ
ֻϧ̫ʱûмôϤߺȻ֪ߺЦݵĺ塣
ɣҸɱ⼸ƷƷĻΣߺЦʮֵָ룬˿ỳɣһ̸ߺͻӺ
ҵСڱˣåĵϵȻЩԴˡ
ߺ飬ȷЩ⶯Ҫ˵ЩɱҲˣɱƷƷʱȷǺ٣˵ûС
˵һջ󰡣˵ʱ˵ԼɱƷ̶ȣͺñԼӶʱһ˷ܡ
ߺ˫֮Уһĺâһ˭ûп
ɶåΪԷֻΪԼãҰЦԼĵġ
ģߺ˻᲻ıңڿĵֻЦѡ
˶ôΪѪ꣬ߺҲһʱˣʣߺųˣҲĳ˵ͷ
ȻߺɵͷʱֻǸʱ򣬾ʹǸ˱ϴҪùˣһһĵùǺܵù
ãͰ˵ģͬ⡭ڱĻû˵꣬ߺæҡͷ
вУҲȥ黹̫ΣˣһСľĽ￴ɱɣʡ㱻ǼзϷɱ
ߺͷҡĸ˹һڱܷһɱѾ˵ˣᱻɱһ
ʵ˸ߺĻڱڣͬߺ˵ǰЩһʵ̫ǿˣͬߺ˵ǲзϣҪǿ
ɣǲǽЩ˵ΪˣȻڿ㽫һɱΣߺЦݺС
е˶ɸߺʲô˵˼ҲһôΪˣ룬иоԾ
ħˣå˿ʼϵЩ˵Ϊʱ˸ߺĴ
һ˵ķųȥǧҪǸһ﷢֣
֮һ㶣漴ĬһƷǰƷЩǿģҪߵĻҲױֵġ
Ǳȴ˸һȽ׵ˣåȻΪƷ̶ȶҪǿ
ˣֻҪǱСүЩһȫɱٴǱţһ˾طģֻҪطǾͽ֮ȫ𣬹ҾͲţ޷ɱǣ
ߺܴ󣬺ţ·ʤǰһ


909 е
˵֮󣬳Ŵ󲿷ֵעڸߺʱ򣬸ߺôƳֱߣֱԺ֮С
ոյǴͿʼˣֻ΢΢һ˵Ĳ˲ˣֻڲ֮¿ʼָ
Ҳɵ˼£Ȼôߺ޵ĿŸߺħ𣬿ǲ֪ôʡ
ҲΣԼһɵӣˡ
ûа취֮£ʼʹԼĴ֮֮ƣٵĽԷĻǸƳ꺣֮⡣
Ȼ䲻ٹˣǣⲢǸһҪߣһԼ壬оʮֵľ档
Ȼ֪꣬ҲܹԼĻ꺣ܹԼʱ򣬻ѹȽϾġ
û뵽ߣȻתߺߺɫŭԼѡˣû뵽ôǿȴֻһѣ
漴ߺһ֣
˫۾ͿʼʣǼпʼѰңҵһȽϾˡ
ȻΪֻƷ˫ʮֵĽûͬһһ޲ýߺһ̵
ҿģѰŻѳȥ
ãȻ룬͸ᣬˣܺͣߺı𾪵Ŀ֮Уһɺʼڰۡ
һ޴ĺƣ̽־ͽǸƷץС
ǸƷ˫֮ɢǿҵ־Ŀ⣬ߴ½˺ܳʱˣûм
˵ֱһجһ룬Ǿ޴ƿԼ
Ҫ֣ȴ޼£Ϊ汬ĺȻĶӻˣʱնʼһЩˡ
ٶȸ޷㿪òԹԵøߺץס
ħѪ꣬ˣˣˣ˭ûа취⣬Ϊʲôߺôǿ
Ҫ֪ڸߺʵҲֻһһƷѣǸһ֮ǰҲһƷʹˣҲƷʵ
ǣȴ޷֮ıһһƷץסˣʲô˼˵ʹߺһƷҲвѴ֮ȡʤ
οǴûпûдϳֹ
һȴ⣬ǾжˣǸһǴˣ
˳ڼͬԴӽԼĵܵܽɲ֮㿪ʼĿĵˣΪ
ˣࡣ
ˣˣߴ½ԶʮǰǸ꼻һֵҲһЩš
˵Ǹʱ̣ߴ½ĵһǿߣʵĵһǿߡ
ߴ½ʮﳤȥݴ˵Էõľ֣ڿ⻯ε
⻹ǴҪģʮÿһҶôһ˵ÿʮʱ䣬ߴ½Ͻ磬Ҳ罫һΪĴڡ
ǼܹΪߴ½ĵһʵĵһ
˵ʮ֮еĵʮȣΪʮǰ˽ãųɹĹƵĵʮȻһ·߸迭սλΪڵʮλϡ
ΪǸصĸ֣Ȼʧˣ֪ȥʲôطȥˣʼֻǵʮ
Ҳʼ贫һ仰ؤɹ򵥵ǻ˵Ͽɣ̵·
ֻʮ֮Уʮ߽λãͺλõļֱǲֵһᡣ

˵񻹼Լߵʱ򣬸ߺʹһɫ
⣬һ֣ڰвһεĵոշɳȥǸƷ˻Ȼ¹̶ڶԷĻ꺣֮С
Ϊ˶Է˽ԳȻõڶԷĻ꺣֮вһʹԷ겻ܹ
ǿ־ˣ֪ˣոʹԼϵ޺ꡣ
ڵҪٴߣȴôˣǵͺǸĽһܽˡ
ȥ֮
ܺڸոյոԼҪ߶ðƫƫҪȥɱԷһˡ
Щ飬һֻһѡĻᣬѡеʱҲһֳɳı֡
֪һжǸߺǰصľֶѣԼЦĳȥֱħԼ֮׵Ľסˣ֪飬ȴΪʱ
ǻ꺣еĵݺݵĸػصĴһʹ
Ľеˣߺᣬ֮еıӿԼϣǸƷ֮еĶŶԷĶӲĽԷ꺣֮е˳
һҵһֽ֣̩롣
ֻ̩оԼһᣬȻͳ˰֮Уߺ֮
û֮ǰǸƷһĵ֮ǱС
ߺ΢΢һץ̩ʬľ޴󺮱ƣݺݵһ̩߬ʬͳ׵ˡ
ܵѪ齦Щ˱Ѫ罦ϣһ飬ͷӦ˹
үͶͽһƷɱˣѪܵ˸ߺʾ⣬ݵĿŸߺ
ֶܹȾģһд߿ʼݵĿŸߺ
ڱԸˣһߣɹ
߰ɣЩ˾ȫҽˣΪʾԼڱһӣ˵
ߺɫΪѵĿǻŰɣδǽ㡭
Щбܽôһ˾ͿɽȫɱˣƷΣڱ˵
ΣѪǾĿڱһЩҲǾĿڱ
ڱе
ѪȷǸоˣӱˣôء
ߺܲסڱȰ裬ʼҼǰΪ˱ڱߺЩ˷ٴ϶顣
Ȼ֧ԮʱһЩһЩһƷƷȥ֮ͷŶҲֻһ
һЩڱȴ֪飬֪ǣһˣѾøߺֽţֻñסԷΪȴȫסǼ򵥵ķӡһ¡
һ֣ͻ⿪һֵı⣬ҲָһƷʵڱȣ㹻ǲһˡ
֮⣬ߺеĶӲı·ߣһ֮ǰ־̵·ߣѡһ˵Ƚϳ·ߡ
˶֪ΪʲôǱ˻֪ҷѵûж˷ԣҪԸߺڱѾߺüսˡ
ߺ΢΢һ̣˺Ⱥܹ֮һƻڱʵµһ
һжǸߺΪ֮Դӳ֮ǰͿʼƣҪ
ˣҪΪߺƻ֮УҪһӣҲӡ


910 ˣʦ
ͨҵһ·һǱȽϽģҲǸߺԭ·̡
һǱȽԶģǸߺߵһ·ڸߺж֮ǰˣѯˡ
ңߴ½ĵͽ֮УȫôΪģϾһ˵ԼˣˣҴİᣬͺ档
û˻Ϊʲôãˣһʱ䣬½ֵʱ͸϶Էˡ
ǣнٶʵ̫ˣôϲϡ
Ǵˣˣ׷˼ƨɸʱ䣬ֱǸʧˡ
е˶Ϊˣߴ½ûõһˣǸߺȴ֪˲Ĵޡ
ҪȻһߴ½ˣôεļôεĴ򣬾ȻûһģصһΣֻǱˡ
֮ǻˡ
ö²ȥֵġˡߺţԷǻۻ̶ֳȡ
УӦһľˣʣʱ򣬾ѾɹĴһƷݹٶȣѾߺ˿Ტˡ
ټϣԷ½һռܶ඾ǣǶԷΪȴʼûһ˿һ֤һ⡣
ˣ̫ˣǶԷͲǣ֮зĳ⣬ԸͲȥˡ
ڵĸߺǶˣŨȤ
ټ϶Է½½ĸһˣԸߺŻԥһЩ顣
սͬսսʵսʵӽʱ˺͡
˺һ㣬ֻҪˣӵԼǸڱѾߺóһõˣ֮УԸߺѾˡ
ʹˣåҲῴˣϣԸߺļƻƴӵġ
ˣ֪һУȴʼװʲô֪˷Ըߺ֮ǰ߳һȭߡ
޳ܵҪݸߺΪʦΪһ֮һҼĸ磬ȴȥһСΪʦˣƤӣ˸оŻ
е˸û뵽ǣߺȻʹĴӦˣֻħĿ˸ߺˣһۣʲôû˵
ӴԺҾʦҪмǣǸ磬ʦǷ븸ĸȵĵλϣҪҽаְ֣ߺ˵
ˣåɫ䣬ߺЦʵǿˣԼĴͬ⣬æֹ
ٶٿ죬ҲϲԼٶȿ죬ʹĴӦˡ
ʱߺȴԸˣΪĵͷһˣΰģټ϶ԷʱʱϰˣΪߺоԼδܵˡ
ͣǹҽʦɣڿʼҵˣסʦ֣һĽѩĴʦ֣һħĶʦ֣ɼסˣ
ߺɫʮֵ࣬ҲģǷŵδ磬Ϥߺ˶֪ߺһǲ׵ͽġ
Ľѩħһˮ壬һı壬Ǹ磬ʺϼ̳иߺ²ˣֻһ
ԸߺΪͽˣһԲʲôˮǱ塣
ǸߺնԷΪͽе˷ѽˣǼȻΪߺͽܣǸߺ;ԲиʹǶԷòզأһ²ɫߺҲƲиĽ̵
ΪҳԷԸʵԭ򣬸ߺһ·ϣҶԷ̸һ¡
ˣҲˣԼǰ꣬ǿЦģİԼͽˣҲǸ˼˴ļߺ̸ܵһ
һ˽⣬ߺҲˡ
ˣǲܹĻڿѾǰƷˡ
ǣǸʱ򣬸ߺȴȻõһܵϢǾǵˣǷǳǿģͬľ硣
ߴ½һаٶǺ飬ǧͬߣսֵ֮ġ
ʹߴ½һļһԶ
ɴˣʼ˼ǲԼ½Ĺʲôǣʲôͬĵ·ߴ½ߣʼնôС
ΪѰɣΪѰ࣬ʼ½ֹͣԼԭĹ
Ѱߴ½й˵һϢֱʮǰ֣ڿϣ
Ҳ֤ʵԼ뷨˵ԷһоͻֱָҪһ㣬Է˿Լκζ
Է붾ȫͬ׿̤صʵˣ
ֲͬսʽ͸ˣȷˣԼȫǴģʵӦֶĽԼʵ׷ȥӦûһָΪҪġ
Ǳ˵ΪĻȱٵĶӦþܹ⸱ꡣ
û壬ʹǿ˵Ҳֻʬѣû꣬СҲԼ˼ģһɲʬ
ߺĽ̵һȴŴˣǰˣԭԼһֱΪǸ߰׵ľǳɽˡ
ǣһ֪֮ԭźӵĳɽ룬ǸɵĴɽӡ
֣صİԼʦ𽻸Լģȥµһ߶ͼ
ƣȻ⡭򣬴һɾԼǿĶԼĶ
ʱҲˣԭԼȱٵľǵߴ½ǰôĲһ
ҲԶ޷սʤ½ԭ˼Ǳ߸ͲԼߣɻģҲֻҪԼѡ
ߺĽ̵ˣĵѧϰǱ֮ŵʣȻһСʱ֮ڣͳɹͻơ
֮ڳɹͻ˶⣬߹֮УߺæĲɿҪ̵ˣҪ塣
ϲҵļһܿҪˡ
ƽʱûжԷ֪ĻһϵҲһǰ
ǸߺȴǲòǰɣͺñһԷƵǣöԷòԼԸȥһ
һʼʱ򣬸ߺ˺ܶĶҵĶиߺȫʩչĲںϵı
ħʩչĴɱ
ҪһӣǾħܹǸߺöԷú˸·ļƲߡ
ǰļƲߣǾ͸ǼˣߺŶԷп飬ǿҵء
ЩˣΪ˸ϻؼԮƴǰУһżͻһЩط۲첻ġ
ͻᵼ¸ʧڼϸߺһƣˡ
ҵҪԭ򣬾Ȼ䱦ȴûжõĵڤ


911 ɹ
;ϣߺȴûٶˣֻˣåʩչԲɵľϣʩչһƬƬɫζĶ
ֻԽǶҲԽ󣬵󼸰·֮УȫˣåһõģƷ۷õĶ
ǾľõģֶǰƷһСĶҪС
ȻÿǸԷ˺ǱȻģƷǾ͸ˣпܽԷһ
ľͲ˵ˣֵܵסˡ
Խ棬ԽߺѪ궼ȥˡ
ѪȻǿ󣬵ߴ½ȣʵҲԳһս
Ҳ˵ѪıϿƷʵսʹƷѪĶ֡
ħ𣬾͸ǿˣܹһİƷս
Ǹߺƣߺʱûд㱩¶Ϊһ̫ˡ
ңƷ޳ܡ
ʹħƷҲûбʤİգԸߺƣơ
ȣħǸ̩ǰѾչʾԼʵһΣӵıض޳֮һ
ȻǾͻᲽߺ˵壬ά裬ʱ򣬸ߺֻҪӿٶǰصǸƷǾȫˡ
ڸߺѾħȥ·̽ˣֻҪаƷŭĸϹ·ʱ򣬾ͳ
ȻٵĸϻԼҲ壬о
Ҳ˻ʣΪʲôŶԷ֮򵥶
ߺҲû⣬ǿħֻƷܹһƷս
ԷԼһ˳һ˲ƷƷȸ߼սԱ
һƾħҪ׻һƷڶĸ߽ǲ̫ܵġ
ԸߺֻܹѡǣƶԷǵϷ֮УҲǷŷݡ
Ҳ˵ԷϵսߣҲϵ·ϲ壬ĶԷԷĵĲʱȻȥһ
Ǹߺڵļƻ

ڸߺ·һ·̵ʱһɫӿռ仮ħˡ
ߺŵĲֹͬ·ڵλõţڱӵλϵš
ڣ֮󣬿һ֧飬ʵǺǿģߺϣȻһƷӡ
´ƷʮλƷʮλƷ
ֱҵһˣʱڱһһƷԱսء
Ҳ֪ô£ԼĶո뵽Է壬˷֮ܵУҪɱԷʱǸ˺Ȼˡ
һƷһʱѷѽ⣬ڱҲƬգȻԷҹ
ǣڱϤֶԣҿãʤʼ¶
ʤʱ򣬺Ȼ洫һǿĶһںɫĶ֣Χһˣ뵽С
ֻһ¾ͽڱɱˣʬ޴档
Ǹŵ˵ˣҼĵܵܣ޳ܡ
޳ܣߺнٶӦòǺܿ죬ΪԷһĳһ·εȴڱһġ
һΪȻôǿȴҼĵϵҵүһġ
޳һǴӽ·ģһ·ûпߺ˵Ӱӣ뵱ȻģһһѡһȽصĵ·ҲǺ˼Զ·
ǷһߺߵǸɱȥħһǰ߿ٵĴжԸߺȴһ֡
ߺŲ߰˺񱻸ߺǣűһһ̤˸ߺõȦס
ÿһڸߺָĵصϡ
ͺߺһ޴ľˣЩֻһӣɸߺİڲ
뷨ħԸߺԽԽȤˣһٶô죬ݺᣬһӵһļı
ҪģСӻ˵Զˣ˰ɡ
Щһͷ˸ߺ壬һ廹ǺģǵҲûô⡣
ǣ·֮˵һ
ֻһּʮ忪ʼĸãȻϵ硣
˺ˣЩѾû˵˲䱻ˡ
Ҳˣ嶼ʼˡ
ٴҪͷʱȴΪʱˣǷ֣ԽǺˣԽӵǿŪֻܹǰƬ
һжͬߺϣħ𲻵ò̾ߺ
Ĺϵķ˺ˣǰϾٶȹһ޴壬˵Ҳп
ңʣЩ£Ҳˡ
ٷǰЩ嶼Լһ£ȥûġ
ԣǺԥǰˡ

ߺ˿ٵнħ˵ͲʲôҲûʾ
һ·̣Ըߺ˵Ϊ˵ͲʲôߺȼСʱ֮ڣͳɹĵҵڵء
ȣĸݵؼֱһ
Сɽ壬һĳ¥УߴʮɣŶƷóȻ澭ĻҲо綾ˡ
һ㣬ߺ֪ˣôʱ򣬸ߺֻгЦЦ
һЩṩϢߺԼıʼԼ沿ۡ
ߺӴ䣬ȻһӣֻϵĺߺαװϢ
Ǹ޳ܵһˣӵĶԸߺӲ˻ɣһʮֵ˵
Լαװжӣҵĳǰŭţ쿪ţ쿪ţүС·ϱܿҪ
˵⣬ߺȻͣס˵ˣֱͦͦȥ
˽Ϣֽŵ˵һʮǿĴڣɳ֮һʵ
û뵽˾ȻôǿһƷûгɹĽ֮Ʒ
ϾϢԼ˴ģҴææһƷҳУĸ֣ҴææС·ȥ
ֻոнһ룬ͲൽԾΪŵʱ򣬷кܶ඾Ĵڡ
ʱԮУԲû⣬̾͸оԾˡ
ٷʱ򣬸ߺѾѸ֮ƣҳռˣҽŹϡ
ʱٲԼѾϵˣ޳ܾͲΪҵļˣٷӦʱȴҲΪʱˡ
һվȻΪ˵˶ԸԼ˵Ĺߡ
޳ܷŭƷ޷ԽУԼ´򿪳ţٴι
ߺôأ
ڳſǰһºڼ׵꣬˫ֵĵˡ


912 
ȻŭҲе޲Լǽʵ̫ιˣҶҲǿֶԳԼ޳ܡ
ҳУûܹǽ
ڼȻ֪ԼϵˣԼĵܾܵӦû£ĿǰԼҪľǴг
ֻҪĵܵһ˾ͿֹУҲǸνĿԿȰƷĸˡ
ԼٱʱȺ˵ˡ
뵽ĵƽ뵽ʲôܹȥҵǸ⡣
ҪûкöĻƾҵʵҪҲȻѡֶ˵ȻĴڡ
ҪһڿڵĳԣȻҲһ
ԣҳˣåʱʱ̶̿żʸߺļƻ
ߺֻǵһЦû˵ʲôҳ֮УȾȥǺ濴һۣʹĴЦֱӰᵽȥˣҲˡ
ȻԼȥˣħ𿴵֮Ҳ˫۷ߺһͷ뵽С
Ѫһ͸ڸߺԣȻߺȥˡ
ˣåȻҽȥˣƬɲİƬǽߴ½һж֮
ʵ벻ףߺΪʲôж֮Ȥ
ĸˣҲ˽ȥһʼˣҲͬˣåһƬʾӦеľ⡣
Ǹߺߴ֮£ˣӲͷƤȥˣӴҲûгҪ滹ʱʱĴԼĲҽΪԼĸ类ɱˡ
ΪʲôԼĸҽأ黹Щɵġ
ɹ黳ɣǲҽȥô˵ԼĸҲǸߺͽܣɶԼĸкԵҲôĵġ
㷢֣Ȼ浹棬һſŵļ٣Ϣļ٣ƾʧһ㡣
Ȼһ޴ϢػϿʼܲɫա
ɴˣߺռľٶࡣ
ûЩǴ˵еĵڤֻһţͿ
գߺȴһƬԼʮӣߺ˷ܣûַˡ
ѪֱӷˣҪǸߺӲקѪͳ׵Ķˡ
ħҲǱ׵һΣڤҲǲ֪Լʦ˵ڶѾˡ
˵һˣһƬҶ֮УҲûгڿԱһƬҶһ
ˮһһֻ˵ղع֪ڻûС
Ҫ֪ղڤҶҪǿؼ䣬ǿ
ˮղǼ򵥣Է֮еһֶǧٹ֣ղһµڤҶҲΪ档
ڻôղأͲΪ˵ˣ˭Ҳ֪ʵˮһصĻôղصģ֮˵Уղһöˡ

˵һƬڤֵʱħˡ
漴һͷУϵײΪģѪͻġ
Ѫ꾭ʱĶѾﵽͻƵıԵˣ뵽ڤ֮󣬸Ǳǿҵĵ֮š
ڤɢĵֱ֮ǳ󣬶Ѫ˵֮ͬһƹҺһո
˳ͻˡ
뵽߾֮ûͻһξ磬ȹһ٣ɹɣɹȫΪɻҡ
ֹޣȹиǽš
ɣԽ壬ᣬǽߣ̶ֳȵֻ꣬صĹ֮УԱһ˿ǡ
ʱתʱҲԸһ㣬֮еռǾԲֻܸصģԻû߼ǿߣԸޡ
޾Ͳͬˣǻ壬ֻҪʧˣǾζĻɢԶʧؼˡ
ҺãħˣԵҲʮֵļ򵥣֮еĵ֮ųȻ׵λ
һ仰Ȼϵĵôʧˡ
Ҫɲֻ׵磬׵һΪǿģ൱ڹ汸һ޵޹
ǣ޷û˵磬ֻûõġ
еףҲûôģϾ汸õġ
ûף־з뷴ˣΪ뵱ȻҲ½ࡣ
Ҳ˵׾ûˣһЩǿߣǲµ磬־ס
ǿߵ屾ǿᣬϣֻҪ̫ǿĻȫˡ
ģˣֻҪǿһЩͿֱӽԷûɢ
ζ٣Ѫ˵ֻСѣͲʲô˳ľͶȹˡ
ħҲѪģϵʵ̫ˣЩ꣬԰Ѫ꣬ȹѡ
ԼҲԲžĵʲô֮ʵĵ֮Լ꣬Լӵʵ
ִﵽ˵ֱҪǵջҲģԵ֮󣬸ܵҺĵ֮ϵĳ꣬ᡣ
޲ԼһӶʱϵײϵôܹŭأ
Ѫɹɹ֮󣬸ֱֻǿ󰡡
ֻһСʱĹƷߵΪʵ׵ȹ
ħδ˾ĵ֮Լ꣬һξȻ洦ȻǴħ֮ǰȻǿʮ֮һԵҲ峺ˡ
̶̵ʱ֮УħΪҲͻƵıԵֻǲһͿƷߡ
Ҫ֪ͻƷֻʮĹҪҪôͻưƷǻǲܵġ
ħ˵ƷͻƵƷʱҲһĹ
ħȻ˵ħãҲǰˣԼħ˼ʮ꣬ٶȣֱǲ˼ġ
˲˼ʵǸߺڵڤûг죬ߺȻһյڤһˣ̵ˣһĹ֮С
ȻôĿٵͻˣһƷͻƵƷߣֻǻ˲ʱĹ
ȻӶƷߵƷߣĸʱ࣬Ʒ߽ء
ħڵģߺЩΪ᲻´أˣԷıȻȸߺΪҪߡ
ߺˣֻǳ׵⣬֮Ϊá
иҪһ㣬Ǿÿͻһζе٣еĵ֮ħȻ޷ƣһħ޷ƿصĵ֮
ǸߺȻ壬׸ߺǾԲ־ģӵбĵĸߺǾԲ־壬֮ߺֱӳ棬ԡ⣬Ҳһǿ
ԣŸߺΪɳģиߺ塣


913 𽫳
ߺɵţпչԼͽˣߺҪҪԷĶȫϵ
οԳ֮ضƺȻڳɹ˵ߺǱȽŵġ
ˣҪⲢ꣬Ϊ·ߴ˶ѡ
ͺһûоѵأߴ½ϵĹͲãôԼ꣬Լӹ죬˵
뽣պ޲ͬպ޵ĺ͸֮ˣ궼ʴˣҪϵޣܹҲ׵ķϵ
ǳתޱˣа취ǲְܳġ
ˣͬ걾ûܵʴԷֻǾԼ·ߴˣԲȥѡ
ߺƷߵΪȫϵһһƷΪˣ˵Ͳڻ£ֻһУͽԷ֮ڵĶȫˡ
Է֮ۼĶ֣Ķңй֮еĶҲȫ˳
һȫϵˣĶˣԭߺҲãϵȻôļ򵥣ߴ½߼ֱǲһ
ҪǸߺڶֵĻƾƷߵΪԸһƷȫڻ¡
ϾԷʵ̫ˣߺƾԼĵȫԽ֮ȴһЩȽߣԼûа취ӽĸߺҲȫں
ˣåȫ֪ԼĸѾߺϵΪˣ֪ĻһҪҸߺƴ
֪ǣһԼĸǾͻȫ̥ǣɾһ
ĵǸߺļƻļƻߺڶû˵ֻռҾˣ޳һͬǰĻǾռ˵˺ͣҲһĶְ
ߺ˿ĲģԼļƻȫˣҪĿռҳǳأڤȫԼ֮ڵռ֮С
ԼİΣǾ͸ڻˣڤɢŨĵ֮ϴˢ˵꣬˵Ϊٵ
ֻҪУֵ⽫⣬ⲻѪɹͻƣӦѾԶԸһλƷˡ
ȻܹȡʤסԷûʲôġ
ħ͸˵ˣѾȫԶԸ޳˵Ǳʶ֮евѾˡ
ǶԷܹŴ򿪣ȫһӵ⻹пܷ̣ߺܲ׼Լֱڳſڵλ󷨡
ֻҪԷһԲ˶ߡ
ߺĲԷ٣ԷԹ˺
ڵ͸˵ˣǶԸһ걾ϸߺĹ˵ˡ
ôǿ֮ҲƲѪħĶ֣ɴ˿ɼߺЩϣԷһ·ȥǴ򿪴ˡ
ֻҪ߶һЩСϺȻǿ󣬵Ҳ˵Ķ֡
ߺǳϣڤ죬ֻҪһų죬ԵڤŸߺ꽫ӵǿ󣬶ԴҲԽԽΪһͻƵġ
˳˵統УΨԼʵſԱסԼֻбסԼܹѰʯ
УߺҪѲôгȥ·ߺطֻ벻ܳ
ȻĻͲܴгȥˣһʲôڻڡ
ҵвѾвˣߺͲżЩڤȫֲԼǸ֮ˡ
ڤǺܸߣԼֻһɸߣɫҶӶɫģǷŵϣ˵Ϊһء
Ҷӵ״ƻΣƽֻҪһۣ֮Ͼͻȼ֮𣬽һ
Щûгĵڤõ״ɭɭģ˿֮ԽĲ־塣
Ϊģ˵ˣǿһۣ궼Ĺʵȡ
ңȻһʮöʵҲ˵һѡ
ߺ⽫еļʵȽϴ²⼸ŹҪˣȵ֮
һһöڤڷһһöºܶ࣬ټԼ֮ʮŵڤҪˡ
ǺöɲһСĿȸߺԤƵĲ֪˶١
ߺһʼʱ룬ֻõһڤʮöʵ֮УԼصһöһöħһöѪһö
ʣöǺڷĹãȻһһöǷֵһһ˿õˡ
һ⻹డһʮ֮һöڤһʣࡣ
ȻʣĲָߺôصԼԭǸ磬ԼкܶأȵΪˣڷãʵ
ڵˣȴǲܹʹˣΪϣֻһǺӾѣ֮жġ
ҿԷľ绹ڣΪٶһǧ˵Ϊ
ⲻʱĹ򣬾ʹͻƵ棬Խ飬ֱָǺӣ
ֻҪͻеľ磬ˣͳΪĲˡ
ˣãԼǰ;һƬʹֻǺӾ磬͸оԼͼĶߣԼĶ֡
Ȼ˵ԼһʼΪǲԶˣֻҪֲиŬȥһ죬ԼָԼΪ
ǸʱһƷΪƷԼĶ֡
Ͼר޵ĿǶħԵߣԷΪѾﵽ۷ߣħĶ֡
޹ΪǶԶĿƣǾǾԼĳһʹΪ󽫣书ǿǾóò
رΣֻҪһȨоΣһһ޷
붾붾ĹϵһģʹֶôǿֻҪǿһͷǶҲ᳹׵ʧӰ١
֮޳ڵԼҵĳ⣬Լĸ̸һùˡ
ⶼʲô°ԼΪƬһҵļҲ߶˵ĸ֣ø³
Լֵܣ죬̫ˡ
޳ûһ׵ģžȦһ
޳ܵҲеȣһֵܣһ·Եĺöٰɿ˸ˡܿ㶢գ·
޳ܱڵ͸ӵĺˡ
һ·ǱģǷʤĶ
罫޳ܵȫ¶ˣˣܿͷ
ڻ֮Լһ仰ȻܿˣԼô£
ֵھ֮У֣ĺһƣ룬ʲôʱ֮жͷѲλүˣ
ҹֵܳԵǿȫզһͷھһ
ͬǣͷţͷſϡ
ڶ죬Ǹ˼ǵĽʱȴ˾վǵǰЦЦĿ


914 ޳֮ײ
ǰվŵ˵ȻǸߺˣߺȴڤģСʱ֮ǰߺ˵ļƻȴһ˲ˡ
Ϊڤһ˲Ȼˣ綾ĵ֮Ȼ궯ʮĸ߶Աˡ
һĻȻһЩ˲֪飬Ƕ˵Щߴ½ȴǷǳϤ
ǹϵ鼮ϼأÿ꣬ᷢʱ򣬾ʱڡ
ֿ˶ʵҪʱ̣һʱ䣬ű
Ϊѹߴ½ĵ֮ڤĵطۣʱ򣬿еĶ쳣ĻԾҲһ֮УһЩߴ档
ÿʱҲΪҵʱ̡
Ϊÿ˶ʵԵһЩĿǰǿԴĵز
һЩ壬ֻҪǿ󣬾ͿʼʵԼҰģһĹ˳ǳأӵпʵ
һЩΪʱ䣬˸ġ
ʱ֮󣬼Ҳǻ
һЩҲΪԼ֮ԵʣȻ֮ǰһֱѹǺȴֱϣֱǰһĹƣﵽõλá
ߴ½֮УÿһˣڽܲĽսǰĲͬʱ½صţȴһɳʱ򣬽ԼҰġ
ЩҲᣬΪԸߺ˵ӣӵǿҪĵڤ
ǲ֤ԼʵϣҲһɳϣԴڵתʯ֮УǾ޴ħӰֵĶԼıԽԽˡ
֮кһķӡֻҪԼӦΪٽԼ֮еķӡ򿪣ЩͻԴԴĹԼ֮С
ȻȵߺгȡһЩȽõĴϢԼΪһ壬ߺΪͻٴֱЩϢΪֹ
ȻߺһֵʵٴƿԼķӡ
ͺԼеķӡ޾һ㣬ֻȴҲǸߺ˽ĵطȻÿ֮ΪصĵطȴҲΪ򵥵ĵط
ΪҪÿȥ֮ȴҪԼȥֱԼȫΪΪֹ
δ˵֮зӡģ⿪ԼķӡͻΪ
ĻҲ̫һɣĻΪˣͬһҴڣ
Ǹߺֵĵط˵ֻԼһ׶Σſٽ⿪ˣǸʱȥתʯһΣǸصĴڣ׷ӡЩ
뵽⣬ߺĿһǰͷһЦһЦܺĺ磬ܵһжסˡ
ڸߺѾƷˣ̶̵ļ֮ڣʹСһƷ߱ΪƷߣٶȣǷŵȥһһˡ
ѪͬͻΪ飬һҲŷ裬ҲһŵùǺ
Ҫ֪Ѫһ֮УŲͻ״ħҲֻͻԼԭеľ硣
ڸߺڵڷȻҲͻƣҲޣͺñΪҲֻѣͻƵĵȽǱȲϸߺ
ڷ͸һЩϾų̶ȣԶԶȲ𣬵Ҳֻͻһװѡ
ڷоѾˣӼǣߺ洫Щӡ
һööѾųģɺɫ״ĵڤһʼֱ֪𾪵˵֪ġ
вٵĵڤ涼˹ʵԼʸ񣬳һöӦò⣬ʱԼĴﵽߡ
ԼһյĿ꣬ȴҲֿɵˡ
˸ߺʮ֮УٶȣȻԭʮʱٶȶҪ
ʲôֻҪŸߺԼǰ;һƬڷû̫ĸмΪڵһУǸߺġ
ҪģǸԼеģƴִиߺһҲĸԸ
һĿʹˣԼϣԼĿˣôܲϲأ
Ը޳ħѪһ֣ͬΪ˵һȻѾǰƷˣս˿˼Լݡ
͵Ϯʱ͵ϮԶǵֺϷΪǲŴԭССһƷϵӶᶾԴҷչһȻ
벻ǵ޳ܣߺֻᣬֱħѪ˶֡
˶ĺ֮־飬Ѫ꣬ھ֮дôˣʲô޳֮û
˵ħĴ̶ȣߺҲãˣҪߺֵģ᲻ᱻ÷ˡ
ħսܿ죬һȫĺɫս۹Ķ˫ֵһʹı֣ǰ׵ġ
ħĺƫ²ôһ£ʧѾõǧɱ
Ȼħǰ֮ˣԲὫԼе󵶶Ūȥģ˫֮ϱ磬ô뵽һ使۵ľջ֮Уһ䱣˶ľջ⽹۵ġ
ߺĶǾջһ⡭ûħħʵ̫˰ֱǼµ
޳ܻûиѪսͱߵһȻߺһǣһΪĸƽΪԼƽ
ôô޳ܡô͵Ϯأ
ûʧһ˲䣬ѪȴûʧֱӾͶˣеĳһؿһɲ˿ڡ
ڳǽϣˣåֱ޳޳ܣб޳ܻҪ޳ܵģ޳ܰǲǸ˵̫ƿˣ
һһƷ۾˰죬Դһ᣺⣬װ̫ˡ
ߺȴǲô⣬ʲô޳ܲ޳ܵģ޳ɱˣʲô취򵥣ķȷģ޳
ֻڿһûԼߵ޳ܰ
һܿˣҲһƨսһؿս
ټϣԵļһﱾǱǸ޳ܣһлͻӭͷʹļһһҲ
¹ĵʱ˾Ȼͬʱͬˣǹȥ߰ͷ­ȥһ˲䣬ǿԼǰһĻҲԼ塣
ͬʱҲǵ֮У¶źĿ⡣
Ǳᣬ׳ƳȻ˶Էע⣬һɱˣȴû뵽Ƕ˱Ǹ޳ʹͶҲҪɱ
ѵǾͲһշԼҵ
ϧǣߺûշֻ䵭һ仰ȫɱ⣡


915 ɽ
ߺһ仰·Щ˵һе˶һǵȻҵʵˣΪߺԼ׳֦
ȻԼ˶Ȼܹ˳ɾһҵ
Щ˵ͲߣȻ˵ʵƫƫôֻͣҪԼҸЩһ棬ŸߺȻͻһ
ϧߺ񲢲ǻᣬͲںʲôҵ෴ɱϣǶûпǣֱӾ´ɱ
һʵĴˣΪߺû㿼ǣ˵ÿǡ
ߺûطγɹȡ˵ڤ֮󣬾ͿԻȥˣҵ⣬ߺ׸ԼյͽԼˡ
ȻڵֻͶ˵ƾգѶ޷ȹҲͲΪߺͽܡ
ߺδԵȹŵɾ͵ģٶҲôġ
һеһУ֮жִڱȸߺʵ
һʼ裬Ϊ˱ȻΪڵ˵Ĺ֮»ħвڼ֮Уȫıϡ
ҵ֮УǰΪ߳ǸҵĵطֱΪ磬ƴΪʱ»Ƿʱ
ȻʷǰΪ˴Σյĵطߺò
ڣߺѾԼĳˣֻ֪ԶˣƴΣյĵط
ֻҪλ۷壬۷壬Ųᱻĵˣ
ڵĸߺѾˣǳɵĴڣֻҪߺЩͻרעĹעߺԸߺҲԽԽӡ
ߺɲǣ֮пĴڣǲʵʹձ׽⡣
ΨǶӦٶȽŻ¶һƽʤ֮
ںˣǿڵеʱ򣬲ʺϵ
ʱȷʵǿңһҪеǰȷ
ϵȻŻὫ˵ĲȫңһԼŸлĻϣ
ħ˵ͲʲôΪ֮ɱһЩˣֱֵ顣
ˣåҪֹȴǲңսǺֲԽսˣȥ֮˵
ֻܹڳǳĺһСŮԮվɫȺУȴûа취
סְЩ˿ǳưµİװѽϧһƷˣһ£ǸƷǸܱ𡭡ôָɱˣҪƷҰɣƷȫҲа
һزūۿԼǰĻƽһʧԼǰôߣȴֹˡ
ں޾¶һĶ㴷أһ仰˵ˣŵһͷ­һ߾ʬ嵹ȥˣåݺᰡ
һкܿˣˣåܵصĴȥȥˣȻѪ
ߺһĳеҪأ˵ˣԴһҶƿزˡ
ߣϲŭɫ̩ɽǰɴǡʲôûôأͱˣЩĶˣ
ߺεҡҡͷҲˣٲǻ۹˵ĳɴ֮ˣ˵Ҳֹֻڴˡ
ߺûˣåֻͣˣ䡣
ΪʦҪˣҪĶҲͬһǾҪﵽڵΪˣѧѧ㣬ޣΪֹڴ˰ɣʱָͳ
ڸߺĻڵˣǲҲͬߺʵʦ
ְͬӵʦеȷ·ǸߺָģǸߺѾ·
һģͼڵǺӡ
Ȼߺദʱ̣ܶڴһ;ϾѧӤߺһչ̸ô·ֱڣѾȫѧˣȷԺԼ·
ѾߺʵʦˣҲʼ𾴸ߺʩʦͽ֮ˡ
о仰˵縸Ҳһ仰˵ʦͽ縸ӣ˵Ĺϵǡ
ߺȻҪˣһЩѣȴҲķŲһİȫ֮£ͷʩչӡǡ
ӡħȫһܹΣҲ˵ܹ
֮⣬ߺ˵ڤʹõżĴţ֮ӦܹĽףһûκεӰ졣
ֻڶЧͻήͰٱʹˣҲܹһ׵̶ȡ
ǺˣΪˣߺˣöڤ
һֻҪԷĵزܹȫףﵽƷߵĵزߴ½ϣ˵޵УҲܺˡ
ƷԲĶ֣Ʒͺ˵ˣϾǸΣ벻룬ڤڤеĴЩӦġ
Ȼ˵ʹֻᣬҲͬʵĸߡǣϾҲ
뵱Ȼģڤڤ֮еĶҲһЩֿʱˡ
֮⣬ߺ˵һ仰Ҫ½κ飬ֱԼΪֹһʧһʱ䣬ܳ壬Ϳʼıɣʱ仹ܳһЩ
ɴ߲Сڣֻϧˣûмܹһ㣬Ҳϣߴ½£ԼʱԼһƬεĿռɣ
ߺ˵˺α飬ڿʼˣߺһһʾԲͬһʱ˵Ρ
˵εʱ򣬾֤鵽жأس̶ȣߺü֣Ӧ˵Ǽ֣Ӧ˵޼ƿʩ
ͬʱ֤ԣߺǺ˽ģӡ֮Уߺܵġ
ʤǿΪ٣һĶԼΪ
飬ֱֻǴ˵еܹ쵽ν񣬶ν
˵ģûߺûʲô仯ˣǴӸߺпŨصĵ֮ɫ
֮⣬ߺ˺ܶ࣬Ҷеһһܣ˵Ҫӽ׳֦ǲϻһ֮йϵһУҪݻ٣
˵仰֮󣬸ߺĿʼˣǲ֪ԼӦȥʲôط
ֻħȷǼּһȥߺҪֹȴһ١
첱ӴֵģߺĿʼʶԷԲǵԼΪ˵ڤ˵صģʲôط
֮ħǸطԴȪһ
Խ󣬸ߺ׵ıǰľˣһƬ磬ĵɢڿУ硣


916 쵶һ
ߺıԼǰľ󾪴ˣһƬ磬γɵɽγɵĺ״գ֮ϵƶǵ״
ǵ״״ĻľûκεĶڿҰֻ֮Ųͬ״ĵ
̵Ǭص󵶣һЩߺûмĵ״ﶼС
֮ŵʱʱιķ磬һĵһͨĵ̺һ˿˿ĵ
ͬߴ½Ŀһ޴Ŷһ
޴ǵһ¥ĵߺνѾﵽ˿ֲƷߵĵز̶ֳȵĵ뵶϶κεĿ־ġ
̶ֳȵĵ뵶ڸߺϸǾͬĭɵĵһְƵġ
ֻ̺һֵĵԸߺ첻κεӰ졣
ѪͲͬˣڱǻ壬˺Ƿǳģڲ֮æʩչԼĴԵֿǻҵĵ
⵶֮ħ۾ǳ׵һڵĵѾӵ˼£ֻûа취۳
Լʦ֣ħѾʼ۽ˣ飬Ǻ͵ͬһĴڣֻҪ۳飬ԼĽħܹӳ˵
ҲͬĴڣڵԼĵںϵ֮Уٱ͵ӵ֮Уѹװһԭӵٶȡ
֪Ȼȥֻһѣȴࡣ
Ҫ˵⵶ǿҲֻеܹΪ壬ôǿʵزͬԳܲס⵶ֱӱ
ȫͬˣħ˫۷Ŀǰĵ˫ۼ˸˸⣬һãʲôɽ亣ζһ
ߺѪһۣ֪ʱòҪȥǰһȻĻԷһᷢġ
Ҫ˵֮У̺ǿ󵶵ĵط޷Ǿˣɽ
Ｘȫɽǲͬ״ĵγɵɽеĵɵɽеֱһ޴ĵγɵɽ
򵥵˵Ļܶӣȴߵãá
ħֱǱɫǿСﻹҪˣҪ˷ܣܲ˵ľеһɽɱȥһ¾ײˡ
ȻһҵӵȻǺܲҵģô⬵СèһݺݵıҲŹ֡
뱧⬲ͬǣħûѪֻһĵˡ
ħȫȻѪһֵĵж׵Ⱦˣͬһ£Ե쳣Ĺ졣
ôϣϣڣѪҲ֪ôˣֻÿԼһֱĸߺ
ߺĻֱӣô죿ûһ𣿾ŪûͷǾֱӴʵɣǵʵҲһˣԡҲڳԿ
Ļߺû˵ͣһЦѪ겻֪޿κεʱ̣Цʲô
ǣߺҪ˵˭ڳԿǷñĳ˿ӣڿĳƵġ
θߺпżʮöڤٴóööڼرԭеڷ
Ȼ˳еħȻҲһݣԼԱߵѪꡣ
ߺֱԼһ壬ԽصĵУ˵ɽ棬ڵɽ濪һ
ߺԼαչصʱ佫ܳ˵֮ڣҪǲܵˣֻҪѡһط
ȻҲѪһǸһߺѹûҪԷʲô֮ġ
һ޲ھڵɽôܽ뵽֮أ
ߺǷǳϿɵģĵǷǳǿ󣬾㲻ףûκĵ˵סԼѹʲô⡣
ߺչˣڱչصʱΪԼİȫ룬ڶڵλãĺ
ÿһ㺮ڶڵλãһǲֻǾһˡ
ǶԷִҪƿĻǾ֤ˣҲҪˡ
ΪڶǲصĹϾͻᱬԵı
ȻǼԽȫıڶԸıϣȻӵǿ
һǵٵĲˣǾˣƲѾ޷ֿסˡ
һ㣬ҲΪһ㣬ֱĽ塣
ѪһߺǲôĵģҲûȥԷϾǸߺˣԷҪгĻͲô򵥵ˡ
ߺڷԼöڤҰĵ
ͬһɽ壬͸ߺԳƵĶ֮УѪͬ˲ķӡȻչˡ
ȲˣȻô˵ɽ֮ϣ˵ڤԴԴĵ˳ŵɽ뵽ħ֮С
Ҳ֪˶꣬һ˲䣬ǧ꣬ߺѾ˻ҳĵطһطʹǻҳҲ˵
ߺ˫ſܵĻҳһ˲䣬Ȼͱ˱£ߺ˫۷·޾ıҪ綼С
֮еĺ·ܹǧ綼ɱ
˫Уһ޾ıӣҲǰ󣬺ʾʱһЩɱӣоͰƬ
ƬһĵɽڸߺоȻҲһ޼ʵı
ߺվڱȻϢϢҡֱϣֱ·Ҫ춼һһĴҪֺϢ֮²
ܵ˸ߺϢϵ׽ٿʼܶߺûж¶һ˿пЦ⡣
û뵽ʦ־ȻһɹͻˣһһЩ۵أ
ߺǵĻȴԽԽԽԽõЦݣȴ˸о˱ĺ⡣
û٣ߺô˳ӰһչʱյʱȻôסˣ󣬸ߺ˲ԶɽϣȻ
ڸߺĽ£һ㺮âһ㺮â֣ĺâʼ˷̸Ƕȥɽסˡ
ɽһ״ıɽ
ǱΧţǴڲṹ˺ǸߺȥҲֻ޾ĺֱɽƽ
ڸߺ֮һǽȫסǽ幹ȫɺҪȵһɽ֪ҪѶڱ
ԶħȻе󵶾Ȼֻһս̬һֻȴǱڱ󣬿ǰ
ǰһ޴Ĺվţ˫֮ûһ˿
ɱ־壬ȣⶼûУͺǹžеˮһ
߰ɵĿľ˫۾ˡ
絶û뵽ȻһֵĵǿֲĲܰһͲסˣ


917 
иֵߺŹĴţһ޴ĵȴǹĴǴĴ
ִÿֻһĻᣬߵĴøǿӵ֮
һĴ޷κӰģͱ˵ڸߺı
ȻܹȴԶҲ޷һ˿˺ͺͨ࣬޷Ϊ翵ĹκӰһġ
Ĵߺ磬ΪǸҲĴӸߺȥһжΪ鹹
ߺĴҪ֮ԼӰ죬ͻӰ죬ĻǾԶ޷Ӱ졣
ͬں˵ĴѾˡ
ںĴǿʱӰ˺ġ
ߺû뵽ħȻ˹ţڰƷߵʱ򣬾ͳɹڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣԼĵ뵶ںһ
ݻڵ絶ǿȻûг׵ںϣѾһˡ
ֻںϣҲ޲ģֻнԼĴںϣܹռΪá
ÿߣֻһѣԼıȻǿģȴõ죬Ҳȫ֧Ĵ
Ĵֻǹ̶ѣҪִΨнִ׵ںϽԼĴ֮С
ħ˼ˣǶԼΣյ˵ʱǿġ
ڽֻΪѾ׵ںϽ֮УӴ֮󣬲ʹýǲǽҲɢ
ô˵ɣ˵һ߱ߵĻôԼĴȴԼĴ
ǿǱӵǿΪܣȻĻǿû֧ĻӲ˵ᱻӦ˺
Լı벻ԼĲ֮ͬҲΪʲôһҪںϽԼĴ֮ڣʹǸôǿҲҽ֮תΪԼı
ԼܹյĴһ仯µˡ
룬֮УһȥӦǼʤģǰѽȴͻȻˣ˺ȻѱˣսֶܵӰ죬˵˶ܡ

ħǰվŵǸˣߺ֪Էܱ֮ܲΪˣΪԷѾ൱Ĳࡣ
Ȼ״ϳɫƬ˫֮ϣǴ̳ȫţȴŮ
ϣɲһѪռһ룬ֻ֧ͷҲûͷֻ䳯ͷϡ
˶ıӣͺ˵ϰһشŵһǻġ
ֻ˶۾ûüëһ˵ȴŲַɵ˲òη塣
ߺȴΡȻ壬ôվڱɽ֮ϣȴ˸ոյľ֮ɫ⣬ˣ˫֮Ȼɫģ·űѩ˫֮С
ûж֣ħģħԻӦħԼӦˣǾߺǰȥҲκεõġ
ߺȻ࣬ҲƲħĶ֣Ǹһרħġ
ħѾǵˣɫĿսϣǵۣϻĵ̣ħϵϢȴǽڽǵ۾ȻΪһĵ뵽ħ֮С
ûȫһħȫˡ
ħ˫һǱҲڱչֳˣһʼֻǶɽٹԼѾ׵Ժˡ
ˣͷӣսǱѰ
ǰһǾƷߵħԼҲֻǰƷ߶ѣȻ絶ҲӦôд
ӣûнԷУˣӦ֮µһ˰ɣ
ʲôħݹЦ
ߺһ£֮µһ˵ĳƺţȷû˵ˣҲǵһ˵
ںʱԾûִȻִھʷ֮У֪˭ĨȥеϢ
ȻҲߣȴ֪Ĵڡ
ϸ˵Ӧ¡
ֻΪԼߣԲѶΪ֮ѳѹƣԼΪ֮Ĵڡ
ǣ־ˣԶ޷ʵԵ˺Ҳûκεİ취
˵̵ֻֻܹߡ
ߣӳϾΪеģǵһʼΪ졣
ʮ𣬶ߣҲǶԣѾ谭ǰеĵ·
ȻǾȫֻܹΪ֮ϵߣվ۷塣
ħ󵶵Уøӵĺˣͬҹһĺɫη壬ܹնƲһ㡣
Ȼ䣬ħˣֻһ˲ʧˣʧͬһ̣ȴͻأĳһ˺ۣɫѪֳ
ѪɽʱħڳˣȻٴʧ
һ㶣Ȼʧɫʱôƿʱأңƻҵ徹Ȼ˺ˣ
ʹǸߺ֣ҲẦ£֮µһ˵ķȴںĴܹ˺ĸް취
ո˵Ҳ˵˵ѣӴӹܹԼĴںһģĪܡ
ȻϣһܿѾȴͬԷѾΪˡ
ڿǴˣǴףǰһȻĴ˵Ϊ˵һ֮ɹںߡ
ⷲˣȻңŭԼ˿ŭһ
ֻǸߺмһ䣺׳գ
Ȼ̫ףǸߺȷߵĴڣΪ˵С
Ҫ˵߷Źôܡ
ⳡսûеһʮİӵеֻǻļɣȻ˺۵ʱҲаĴڣһ򵱹أĪİȫͬ
ܵȫͣʱħվǰ񶨶Ŀ
ʹȥɣ
ɱħ˫ֻ͸ɫĵ˳ȥ
ǵ񷶼©ˣ·һٶȸͬٶȣǸ޷ӦѾˣһ޴Ĺңң


918 ǧһĿ
ߺһһոյǸֻͬϵɫͬ
ħսǸɫƬģǺɫƬɫǺɫġ
оϺɫĹ￴СһЩСһЩһȫأߺɫ໥Ƚ֮󣬲ŷ֣һǾ޴ɫСһ롣
ɫʮɵĸ߶ȣǸɫķֻɶѣɫСһࡣ
ħͷĿһһۣ˫΢С
һȻҪ͵Ϯң㲻ӦǸСӵҸʲôħ˵һʱѾʼŭˡ
ħ˵ûȻ֮ǰ֪ͨһ·ϣħĶضؽ̵ߺˡ
νоųɾֻһЩǿ࣬ӴһЩʶӴ֮ǿʼ仯
⸱˲ģܵĹƻȻڼģˡ
ҲΪΣһǴɫˣѾˣ˵Ļܵĵơ
̫ϣ֮ϵģ̫ϡ
ҪĻ֮еȻ۸ӣǾһС͢һˡ
̫Ͼ൱Ǹ󳼣һĴڣһֻί֮£ȴ֮ϡ
ǻۣ֮жһ֮£ȴ֮ϡ
ȻǴɫˣ֮ǽĴڣͳļһһ㶼ֻսõĵġ
棬Ҳһ̫ȵĴڣ˾죬ɱ¾
˵翪սЩٶ
ȻͰɫɫչֽףɫһףȻɫˣ̫µһֻ֣һѡ
ֻԺ߼ˡ
ȻǰɫɫȼĴڣȻûʮǿ󣬵Ҳǿһ
ɫ֮£ȴɫɫɫȴɫ֮µһȼ
ɫȽˣǺɫȴߵȼģŵĻǾͶΣûеõˡġ
֮ǰķ죬ҲֻˣȴھƷ֮е磬ȡ硣
һǱٸߺħģɫֻǸħ
Ϊ֮Ȼ֣ԼȻ޷𴫵ϢҲ˵綼Լ
ҪȥȴѾҲ·ˣֻøŸߺǣʲô취ѳȥ
û뵽ħʵͻȻȹ˰Ʒ٣Ϊ˰ƷߣҷҡֱϣֱƷ۷壬ſֹͣ
ʱħѾƷֻа벽֮ˡ
ٵǿΪ¶Էʶøˣɴ˷ǰ
ǺɫԸαִɱ¾ģɫѯʬ壬ع֮󣬽ߺϢ̫ϡ
̫ϳһ£漴˵һ䣺һﲻˣɳЩ̫ЩҵѾĶˣˣɱ
ǸߺܹһİΪ˾ڳѪԭڶУǸ޲ߵħӰ
ڣߺԾһ亹Ϊʹˣûа취ﵽԷ̶ֳȣô˵Էһλ
ǹߺİˣڳѪԭ֮ߺɲһܹ˵ġ
Ķô£⻹ǸߺһôѲĶ֣⼸¼ǾŸߺţڸߺʱʱ̾
ôһţƤǣ

һ׷ҵģߺĿһǸɫĹЩ
Լ⿴Ϸģû뵽ſţȻҪϷˡ
ħЦֹߺ˧ȻһҪĸо
˵Լʹ£ΪһһˣϷҪĻˡ
û뵽ԼҪϳ⵼Ҳû֪ͨԼϷ
ǱߵɫˣɫգɢĹԣҲˡ
ոտħǸ͸ߺΪһȫԸӦţܵĿռ䶼ˡ
û뵽һ̣ϵһλԼߵ
ˣôôһλɵӹţͲ͵Ϯ𣿡
Ǹɫ漱ˣ˫һɣɫ̱ŵһ㶣Ȼֵľߵߺǰ
ȼ̫ˣǵĹٽһ˵Ǹɫڸ󳼵ĻôϺɫһٷ򳤣߸Ͳͬһġ
λȥ̫ôһ˵Сǽˡ
ǳ׵Ժˣҡҡλεߵߺǰһָߺ
ߺɫһ䣬һҲֻǰƷߣȻָߺҪǣߺǺ°
ԼһƷߵʱ򣬶ԷͿʼƻһƷ߸Լʱ׼֡
Լɽߴ½뵶ɽ˵ڵԼˣô˵ϵȻ
εĸߺҼˣ˫֮еɫԽԽ䡣
ʦ֣絶ǲڿֵܵĳɹɣߺһ˵ţһ߿ٵ۱
ڣǸɫѾӦˣһȥճ׵İҹĻ٣񷶼ߺ档
ǸߺֻһЦǧ磬ǧ̬Ϊ̬ǧĿӰǧһĿУ
һ仰˵ߺĵĿȻ֣漴ֻ磬ȴͬ
ڶͷϵֻۣҲǵۣ̬֮ǧһƬãã磬걻С
ǱĵطǵһУߺĵȫ棬Ҳڵĵɽ
Ϊ죬Ϊء
Уȫ̬ǧ죬磬У˼磬½бħռ˼䣬ֲҵ龰ʤ
ֻۣȻκγ
ߺȻŷһâڿпٵ۳һƬ⣬Щ⿪ʼ۳һƬâγɵĻ
̤ĳͳ֮еĺɫ
Щ⽥ţ󻯳ʵһСţʱȻۣʧ֮䡣
ƬصУѾˣݵ죬еĺɫԶɫħ𣬶ˡ
顭ߺһ֣绮Ǿ޴ı⣬Ǳ⿪ʼȫΪһƬƬģոպɫһУȻϢУƬ
ɫı⣬ҲΪÿһ棬źɫ١


919 ۷
ߺһУȻ춼ˣ˶סˣȴûнɽסһ˿ûб⡣
ҪڸߺıˣڸߺѾԼĴΪ֡
УִƵ⣬磬ס˼硣
ֱһĻǾ磬ȫƿԼС
˵һⲻ޷ǻûа취֮ˡ
ֻڸߺӡһУ޷ٺҵĹˡ
ûκӰģһΣǸߺͻ֮󣬴֮µˮ֮ġ
ˮΪãˮ״ǲ̶ģҲӡ״ģ
ߺĺ֮ˮһҲûй̶״һӡ״
ͬǣһߺıϣͻȫĽ֮С
ңڸߺıѾߵһ̶ֳϣֻҪĶûгߺĴͻ⣬ɺԡ
ܱʲôֻҪסĶûдûƥиߺͷųıͻȫߺӱϿʼת䡣
ͬˮ֮ȻϿǺ࣬ҲǺıʣȴ޴ˮˡ
ߺı֮֮ͬȻ˸ߺ۳ĺԸߺҲǸоԵĿȨ
ߺı᳹׵Уռÿһ䣬ֱߺıȫ͸ҳ׵ĸı䡣
ִҲֻﵽһشʱ򣬲ſԳ׵ʩչ
Ҳ֤Ѿʼ˽⵽壬ſԼĴһʳ׸ı䡣
봫˵еĵʯɽûʲôֻߺǵʯɱѡ
ܹʯɽģǽߣͱڵĽ𣬿ƾԼͷ⽫綼ɻƽ磬κν
ǽߵĲͬѾˡ
첢ѣѵǣһй̶ṹĶ⳹׵ĸıࡣ
෱ʲô⣬ѵǣһй̶˼ˣ׸ı˼룬ǰһ˵뷨ȥı䣬ѵġ
ҲΪأǸߺ֮ǰıֻСƶѣֻǴıԵ
ôһأ˴ĵãﵽôĳ̶ȣڶڸߺ֪
ǣ˵ǵڶһΪ֮󣬲ŻﵽڶشֻǿԪΪ̣ſԪص뵽ڶؾ硣
ҲֻôǿԪſþסôǿĴԪΪ壬ſԳ׵ĽԼ֮еĴʩչ
ħɫһʹӱ֮ѳˣߺĺһöûС
һûãǸɫûãֻһҲǹǿˡ
Ʒߵʵ´Ѿﵽһشľ磬ʹˣԷҲϸߺԴ
ԾɱΪɳʧڿ֮С
ߺûоˣǶעǰΪģԷȻѾˣԼûǿĴҪҪԷ²ô򵥡
Ȼߺϣ󲿷ֵı»Ϊ뵽ߺ壬һȴʼǼָλ
ߺһ澹ȻһƬɫƬɢƵϢ
ûв´ĻƵֻĴѡ
øߺȥˣûжȥŵסߺʱ򣬸ߺһʹսˡ
Ȼ̺ܼ򵥣ҲֻǸߺʤѡ
ԷҲû뵽ߺȻеԼ˫֮ϣʮΣյģ֮ĵطһ
һֻ꣬ǸطǴķԴأһ߻ὫԼԼĴΧסĺܺá
طϵģһ˵²ŮǸطĵط֮һ
һط۾λˣط˵ĵط֮һһСģͻŪϹʱ뿴ˡ
ǸߺˣһǿͫߺΪ֮ǧһĿ
ֻϧڸߺûȻ֮ԼںͿԳΪǧһĿ
Ҳ޷׵ĽϺɫ
Сӣҳɹָ֮󣬾ɥʱ򡭡״ˣƬɫƬ˸ߺı֮󣬿ʼɫķȥ
һĻ֮ħ΢΢˫ֵļưںˡ
ɫȡƬɫƬȻܹһͬ飬ȻΪҪҲȻɡ
û뵽ɫûκεڣ̧־һһɫĻָ
ֱǰĻϢǺɫƬ˷ĩ
ߺ˴һȻ뵽ɫܾû뵽ܾôףҲ̫ˣԺҪһһ£鷳ˣΪҲˡ
νԼļû뵽ߺԼûܹԷȴԷԼˣͲظߺˣʡ˸ߺ顣
ʧʱɫ˺ѿռ䣬ڸߺ˵ǰʧӰˡ
ǸһȻˣԼͬˣȻ޳ܵġ
һҪӽߺһˣҲҪǿˣƾڵܲħ
Ҳڱֹħ
ħε̾һѵƬͬһĵûа취
ϾħҪǲУ޴ڵͻأɱǾͱҪʱ̵סԷ
ߺ΢̣ȴ뵽һð취
ǾɸߺԼΪʱвʶˡ
ɫֻһʶѣط𶼲ô򵥷֣̫ܵܡ
ܿɶǻ̫֮ŨĻ֮ûޣ˵ˡ
طڻôΣߺǺֲ֣ˣֲˣߺһϡ档
ǣʮޣ˵ԴӵʼʹеģǾ˵ڤĻԻ֡
ôֲܷλأǾֻһˣǶԷΪ֮
ңں֮УԼûйڵɽҶĴ˵֤һ㣬ûб˷ֹ
ħԸߺ⣬Ϊȹ٣ͶֵʱѾߺڵΪˡ
Ʒߵľ磬ַԾʽǷŵ˵ϣħᾪʲôģڣڸߺ˿ᾪˡ
ߺٴαչأһԷöڤ֮󣬸ߺѪһͬأߺѾԶԶĳԽѪ꣬ﵽ˿ֲ۷塣


920 ȫ
ߺοѪˣöڤֻܹƷߣƾԼ֮еӡĴҲֻܹﵽƷ۷塣
ɫʼնǸߺħͷ󻼣ԷܹԼµȡԼ˵Ʒʵǲô
ôһΪĿĲֶֶεˣʱʱ̵̿ĶסԼߺʵǲģԣߺܵԼʵ
ħٴγصʱ򣬾һɥȪ֮ʱ
ˣߺȻһԷʮöڤһ飬ݳ޵ΪǷŵڤڻԻʱ̵ʱ򣬶ûô
ϾҲ̫ˣرģǵõһöǶ֮컯ȻһԵõôö
ھ͸ƽˮһ³ʮö˼ʮһöøлصġ
һߺȻӲĽԼΪ˾ƷߵĵزС֮УȻΪͣһԾΪΪߵˡ
ԾɲħĶ֣һԷٶʵ̫ˣڶԷʵ̫ˡ
ںԷѾʼЩˣߺǶ֡
мȴߺȽϿĵģʹ֮ӡĴȻйϢ
ߺΪ˽ʡʱ䣬ûѡڱչ֮нںϣѡֱӳأںϵʱҲˣػ֮жȹˡ
ߺ֣ں֮ĴȻǱѰ
Ȼһиߺֻ֪ǴԼУйϢ֮лõġ
ڸߺٵʱħӰȻʮڸߺԲﶼѲһ飬һѲֹɫͻϮΪֹԷ̽
Ϊߺ˵ˣԼΪһҪܣʱħͻƣǸһٵʱһ䲻⡣
ߺԿ϶ԷһħϾʱ򣬽ħ𣬽֮һɱ
Ϊħĳ̶ֳϣѾвˣħôȥ
ߺ׼ˣԷǸʱ֣ʱ򣬰ϻĸߺͻԷ׵ɱɹĽΣ
Ȼɱһô׵飬ʱҪħٵĶȹԼ٣ߺ󣬷ֹߡ
ߺɲԼѾΪ߽ߵϢһзԼ
ֱɳսӵˣԼɱҪΪײĸԼ뵽Ƭĵ֮УҪԼ˴ǳȥ˵Լˡ
ǶȡڤʱҲô˳
ʵϢȥǽ᲻Լ̫ϻ죿
µľˣǰĻߺʮҲġ
Ͼʵʵ̫ǿˣǿʮޣǲҰܶ顣
ʮչػָƵϢħһڸߺĶߺԶԼ

ƻͬߺһħʱǸɫΪڲ壬Բδǰ
ߺҲʱ䣬ɹҿʼŽԼıں
Ժߺ˵ʱǲɻȱģ˵Ǹߺͷȴ¡
ߺȷˣֻһ̤ʯҲһ̤ʯ
Ҫϸ߷壬·һ˳
ַȫģٲܵؼǿĴڣҲĹԵģҲʧȥɣΪﵽ۷壬Ҳֻ߹ѡ
ңԶҲ޷Խ̫ܵҲֻܹΪ֮ǿĴڣ˵̫ϡ
һߣȻΣȴмڷ֮һĻᣬͻ۷塣
ǰҪܵסȺϾûһʵԸͻȻԼҸԼȨ󣬺ˡ
·Ҳֵģһ˾Բѡ·
ͺǰ;δ֪·һǰǿׯһСǱ鲼һ۾ͻ֪Ӧѡһ
Щȴߺ˵İţһʼߺͱҪĵ·ʹǰٷľ
ߺȴΪ󲻵ǾˣһУǲնеľǰУͻ
һ㣬ߺҲûа취ģǵʱߺߵĵ·ͱҪԼļͥԼļˣԼ
ΣվޣȻǿĵˣٴޣٴθ
ôߺļѾ֪ٴˣԲǸߺԸġ

գħڳأҲΪ˾ƷߣɽٵʱɫȻԼ
ߺʱչֳΪǾƷߣֻǰƷ߶ѡ
һûнԼͷųߺȻǿ󣬵ǾƷߣûĻҲԾܶɫκεӰ졣
ûκεķͱߺڱ󣬺ݺݵôһ¡
ǣרŶԸģҲǣһﱾһѣٺʲˡ
ɫܵصĴˣ𾪲ҷŭĿŸߺ͵ϮΪʲôһսҼȻѧӦ˵
ߺУ޳ܰϴõͼµȡԼ
ˣȻ˵Լ޳ܣӦȥ޳ܱ޳ܣ޳ѾûѪ޳ˣӦǺѪ޳ܡ
ʱħѾɽٳɹ˦һ絶һٶȵĵٵĽӽɫ
ɫУոתߺһУֱǾջˣЦѷˡ
ܲưֱǳ谡ˣΪûб˱ˣȻֻǻĸܵˡ
Զڶĵطһ޴ɫۣ֮һλ͸ߺǰλһģһĹȻоջһ޾ıо
ţ⵽ôأѾûָоˣһλڡ
һСʱ򣬾ѾˣߺأΪʲô˻ЦЦô
ڶѾɫҪǿ̫ˣ׾ͽ֮ŰˣȻѪء
ʱѾİƷˣ˳ߺָ̬̻֮ƽġ
ֵһ˵ǺڷǽһöڤηõģҿиߺıӡסᵼҩЧš
ѾΪˣһƷ۷塣
ƷߣҲǷηõģǶǺħһһö
ߺط꣬ĹħڽԼĵΪﵽ׽ĵزҲԼ֮вˡ


921 ʮ˲
ߺûطڼȥˣ׼ץжڸߺѾﵽ˾Ʒˡ
˵ǻصԭĵҲԱ֮ˡ
Ҫ˵ܹߺ˺в֮ôԿ
뵽ߺȻЩ˵Լʵ˵Ĳ١
Ĳ˵˵֮аɣеԼȫˣʮޣŹŶһδĵز
ӦѾˣѾʲôˡ
˵ϣȻԼֻһ˫ħҲħ𡣵Դ˴󲿷ֵˣٶҲûа취ʮ֮еκһȡ
ôĻߺȻڶ̶̵İ֮Уʮλ𣬶λʮ֮еġ
ǸڳѪԭ֮УǸصħӰӦҲһôߺڰ֮УȻۼʮλ
ʱԭһЩ۷ߣ˰뱲ˣûмһ
뵽֮󣬸ߺĴһҵ֮·кԶܹһ¡
ߺħħ°ͣ˵ģҲǹƾеԸЩСӦûֿܹһаʽġ
ߺ󺹣ƴԼټҲֻֿܹһаʽѣǹһаʽԼˣ
ԸߺҪһ⼸ǲܵģǸҲǸոͻƵҪĹԼΪŻ
ҲԲ̫ǿָ˭ء
ǸոͻƵҲǷǳҵģȥ汻ħ뵽ˡ
ȻƢ㣬ʵһǳǿ󣬶ҲǸոͻƵģ˾ħʦ֣ħ
ħΪ֮һˮȻ˼ģټ϶ԷѾʼ顣
ʵҲǹߺһˡ
ߺҲո˵󣬾ȻôӦŸߺǸҪùĵù࣬ħһʰ
ڲֻһ˰ˣڿԿʦ˵ĳˣĺڴ
ߺħҲЦֹٺ٣˵һﾭʦִһһҪһ£ʦֺݺݵһһ٣ԼҲÿһﱻͷӣҪĻǹ̰ڴ
Ļ̥ļһôڴһĵαЦţѾ˶Էˡ
θߺΪ߳ɽνٽǧడΣյģ⣬һСľͻˡ
Ȼܵ˲׼أ˿ڣѾ鲼һ塣
ڣѰ˰֮ҵˣλãõҶλȻǴ½ͬһλá
Ϊˣߺһ󵨵Ĳ²⣬᲻ᣬ⼸йϵͺǵһֱݡ
ÿһ¥ͬһλãдЩʲôϵ
ǰĹһߺ˾ʧڴУһʱ򣬷˺֣ͷǺܳġ
Ȼûкڰ޳ͷˣȴǳ̫ˡ
෽˽⣬ŵ֪طǰһߺЩԺˣ̫ˣжٸ
⼸ûʲôãң˲ŷ֣󲿷˾޵ǻ롣
ǻûƵģ߶߶߶߶߶߶˵û꣬ߺоԼ䣬Ȼ֪нʵĻ
ģסＸˣϱûУʲôΪʲôģϰˣ𣿡
ߺˣǱߵħΪ˴Ϣû
˵㰡СҲͦÿΪʲôȥϱأ֪ҪӶѰԱߵھӵĴ磬ŶʮѾˣҪΪϱڶˡ
˵һٸϵķۣǿˡ
ԽôԽодزԾ̲ס
λ㣿ʮļһпǲǸˣߺҲ˱ƴ֮ƾ˴ߵġ
ߺûﻹһ˧磬ո˵ԭͣΪⰡʱ磬ʮĲǹϹˣ
ǣҲܶʮﰡ룿˵̫żߺʵǸ㲻ˡ
ٸһЦͷˣͷͳǰɡӽжӡ
ߺ˵ͷĴ磺ĺ֣Ķ԰ұ˽еʱñøС
ӽӡ
ߺʲô˼ңӽжӻ⣬ӽ顭˼ң˼˭ܱȵˣ
Ͳ˵ˣӿ϶ﰡ
ҵԵԵ϶ͲˣΪŽӡ
ߺʵΪʲô˼ҵû취ôӵʱǸٸڨڨһЦߺ̾ᣬ˲æ
ֻһѡ
ȹ˰ߺٴν˱ĵһƬ𺣵׶ǻ𣬸ߺ֪ˣԼ̫ʱһ
طߺûдϾطԼȫûõģûʵá
һ𣬾ǸطߺȻϤǶٶһʱ䣬Ϊߺͼ塣
̫ʱĸ϶кܶдزıߺϷŹɱɷŹԭ򣬸ߺط˺ܳʱ䡣
ĿľѰҿԼʵزıҺãطδ೤ʱ䣬Իɲزıġ
ߺƷߵǿȣҲ˵ߺڽԼʵȫӡôڸߺʵƷˡ
ͱ˵ˣûʲôҪĶҲԸߺûôԷҲࡣ
󣬸ߺģǼǸطߺʱν̣ħҲôߴ٣ϾڵɽҲ˲̵ʱ䡣
ߺڼʱ䣬νǳҪ뿪ʱȴ˹Ӱ
ߺֻ֮΢΢һЦʧڿУ֪ʲôȥˡ
ڣ˼Ĵ󣬽У뿪֮󣬸ߺԼڻص˵֮ˡ
ϸȻһ߲֮࣬ʮ޵ĵټϲ֮أȻһʮ˸
ߺţ֮ԭģһһģֻǹĪķˮħ𣬽ʮһƳһǿ籤ݵĵ
Ҳ˵ģһʮ˲
ߺֵǣΪʲôûжֽ߲Ҳأ
Ҫһʼ˵֪ԭǸߺǴӼ֮п˹Ҳ˵ԷҲ֪߲Ĵڣֻѡ


922 ϵ
⣬ߺûж룬ΪǾͱһ֧Χˣߺϸĸһ£֧ɢѪϢÿһһٶɱǧˡ
ңɱ֮˵Թһ壬ֲңѪϢ
֮󣬿Щ˵ʱ򣬸ߺıסˣЩѪսʿȻԼ
ߺĿǰĶ飬ȴѾˣϼˣ֧κһ֮˿ġ
һѾƲĿףȴɵסֱǰϢǺۼߣߺţһһĴս
ߺոҪȥкȴ֣Լ֧˼ˣˣЩǸߺľ񣬸ߺı
ô£ߺˣȻطкܶ඾ҲΣգȻطܳܲԼЩ£ͱ˰ɡ
Уһȫ˺ļһվ˳һľߺԽԽ䣬ⷽԲĶ򶼱ߺˡ
ԭȴĹ⽫ʮ֮УƾԼȻǻۣ׵ľͽûʲôֵĲ֮ΪԼİͼ֮С
漴Ϳ˸ߺе֧֮֮ʦսʽʺⲻ֮ء
ǲһսʽΪʤֶεսһ㶼ľӿԱġ
ΪҪǣʹսʱˣåȴͳһԼ£ȫں֮ڡ
֪ߺѾӽʮûлʱ򣬾ΪߺǾ綾֮أ׳֦ʱЩһȴǾܾˣҺܸɴľܾ
ŭûԶ֣֯
ԭǣϣת⣬һ㣬ʹת⣬ҲԽ˻ᣬѵԼľӣԼľҲܹѧ־硣
ԷɳҶߵĵȼ߲ġ
ȻֻһȺں֮ڣκ˼Ǳоѣս֮⣬ʲôõˡ
ͬȻҪָԼҲҪϢôսˣ뵽ⶾ֮С
ֻԶΪݵأԲ֮һδεĽһδ֯ķ
ڣѾʧʿĴۣ˶Էһĵбˡ
ֻȱٸ߶Ҳʧ˲ˣñ˼۸ֻҪһгƷߣﵽƷߵĴڼ٣Ҳûжٰ취ˡ
˵ƷƷˣǭ¿ֻӲһЩ߽ߣѾΪ˶İȫԱ˵С
ߺǷŭˣħ𶼲ݶԷΪ
νʿɱ裬ԼȻԷ˵ˣ׼ΪԼֵܣԷӦҲʹ죬ȴһôķ
ô죿ȥһħ
ߺ˫΢УҡҡͷԱ֮֮ȻԷ޳Ǿ͸޳ܣҪһϣ˭ʤ˭
ڵĸߺǲܾģԷôǿԼɶһ۷ߣΪѾͬˡ
˵ߺѾɹĴﵽ˵һشһںɱˣԸһͲڻ¡
ǣߺȴôŹԷҪöԷڷŭ벻У׵ıȻԼȣڵȥ
ߺΪԼʵÿһʮ֮һڤȥ֮ȫʵ
ǵΪ͵ͻƵıԵˣһѹôꡣ
Ϊ֧֮ûа취ͻƣΪһͻƣҪٴ٣ǸʱֻҪ˹ԼֵܾԲԼҲ͵Լˡ
ʮ֮һĵڤȥ֮󣬾Ȼ׷ףƷߵĹΪƷѾﵽ˹۷Ϊ
ǣǲûҪΪƫɵһʿΪߺеߺһѹأǰĵɱߺִмƻ
֮ϵⳣͬһڸߺʱ򣬾ȻûзӦѪĴڣɹߵǧ
еƷߣƷߣһȫƬս֮У˵ȻѪˡ
⣬ֻһʼѣߺ¶ԷҪÿһطܵս
֮󣬵ܳǱƣĴ졣
һ֮ոγɵĲܵһ
żˣôû뵽ʲôԭ֮ٴι޲ˣս޲ʤˡ
ߺһףһ֧ӵ˸߶˵ʵ
ڶҲҪһ㣬ߺʹ֧ӵľĻˣһأս
ЩҪǮƵģԼԺǰֻеˡ
ʲôõѪǺþˣǲκεĲܡ
ۿһߣȫӡǸƷ˵һʮƷ߰Χ
ȻȥҧģֻҪ⣬ڸǾͻԥ죬ǣǵıȻʧһɶ
ս϶ûʣһ·ƾʧһ
ҲɳƷǰȥ̽飬ǶӴ򹷣һȥˡ
̲סˣ׼бг׵ıһΣƷǰ
֮ǰͿʼƿڴ޵࣬Ȼսսƽһսʲô£
Էû꣬ӰͬʱǰĿǰƿڴˡ
ߺ˲䣬ԷԵһ㶣Ȼη֮ɫ㣬ôܻˣǸطСȥˣģ
ߺֻǲмЦһûлشԷʲô⣬Ƿʵ
˴֣Ϊ£ոյ˼Ǵģ֪ҵľӷʲôͼԴԴϵɱҵ£һĽ͵İɣ
⡭ԼɵˣȻĻǲԼϵġ
ˣǿŮԹ͸ɱ㿪ҽ޲ļһɱ⣬Ը½
˵ţҪ֡
ߺһЦ£⡭
ֻ˵һ仰ߺϵĴʼӵԷһʵɱ
ʱ򣬸ߺſʼ˵ŮΣǿˣˣк֤ݣҵ£ֺΪΪҰİɡ
ߺ˵ţֽȭڱ֮еһǺܵĺȻŸߺսҲ˽
㣬ôܱôǿУ㲻ɱҡ˵ǵģк¼ˡ
ߺб۾˿Էм˵ӦˣʳԣӦʲôǶ³ֵĻúҾͳûټˣΪĻҲ


923 ٻת
ߺ˵ʱԶָƵݺݵĴһߣĸ쵰ңһŹģ
漴˸ոԼ˵ĻĻָһ˵һ߻
ʵ̫ǿˣһһԷߣôק
Էֻһǿϣʱܹһǿ˼𣬲ſ֮ˡ
ȴʮ֮ļһȫٵˡ
۷Ĵڣ˵Ǿ£ûκܹ֮ȵ϶Է

ʲôҪɱңڵǲˣȣ»ЩģһЦ
֪ߺѾһشѾɹĽԼ𣬻ΪߺֻͨƷ߶ѡ
ΪʲôƷأΪߺ֮󣬿ʼмƻʼͷӡԼĴΪֻסΪ¶ģֻǿƷ߶ѡ
µħ𣬾ڶԷֻƷߵʱ򣬶ô򵥵еùģѾΪƷߣ͸ԼܹԿˡ
ڸߺǺ¶Էǻ۶ѣΪǶôľ¡
ߺҲ֪飬ûнͣȻҪԷԼӣԸߺ˵ӵɡ
ʱʱ̵̿Ķעǰħ𣬻Զڰ֮Ѫ꣬ڵѪȻѾعˡ
ΪƫȻǸˡ
ߺȻʵǳǿǻҲǱѰܹѵӣһ³ģǣȴʺĴ
˵ǲܴһ֧Ѫ֮սҪ˵޳ķʽսߺиء
Ҳ˵ߺʺǿѹֻʺʤǿա
ڣԾǿѹ֮ǰȱٵĲ֧ӵֻȱٸ߽ս
ߺħļ룬ڵİƷѪ꣬ߺѾȫûκεˡ
ʱֻҪԱԽȫˣͲʲôıҪõľǣѪİ취쳹оӪС
ߺע⣬Ƶĺ棬ȻͻȻѣУ
кȻ۳һѱУٵĻƿռ䣬ռ䶼˺˸ߺıоȻٶȸӵĿ졣
ߺһеʱ͸Ӧˣ֣ԵۣԼĴ۳һߺֶȥ
û뵽ߺıƻˣֻǴһ˲䣬ͺȵĵӲ̵ţ֮ȥһ
벻һͳ׵Ľٵˣһû뵽ߺѾǿֵزˡ
ǸߺĴΪȻѾﵽ˾Ʒߵľ磬ͬ
ʱ֪ԼĴжͷʨӣԼȻһֻè䣬Ҷ֮޷
ҲŹ֣漴ڻ֮У۳һƣڸߺıǰԾֻֽһһûС
һ룬۾ΪԼҪսڴ˵ʱ򣬸ߺȴͣˡ
ǸߺܹԸ⹥ˡ
Ȼһô޳ܣǸߺôԾôöԷȥأ
ʱ򣬾Ҫ᲻ΪĳЩˣҪгסеľ
ͬߺ֮ǰ˵ģ췴һֻǳɹȥ
ҲӦΥԼԶԿߺҲһǳɹһҪԶħһĸߺ
ڣߺڻˣߺҲԲ飬ȻԷѾˣԼûбҪԶԷˡ
ߺԼıָı֮󣬱˺뵽Է֮У׽ԷΪȫӡסˡ
漴Զһ֮֮УôĥֻҪҪͿˣס궼Ҫ£˵ӦòǺѰɣ
ڸߺΪʹ˽ʱкȻһɫ磬ֱֱڰе徹Ȼȫʧˡ
ߺ˫һУոǵ⣬Щͬ
ħࣺǲǵ⣬˵Ļֻô۳ɵ״ѣвûеһܶûУ
񲻾˵Էıˣһɢޣߺˣеôȫ
Ե޹ʵĳһ𼶵ĵزڣڲ֮صļһˣô˵Ļ綾ɽȵѾԷˡ
鲻ôļˣұȥҹ˵һ£ߺתӣ֮ȫĴݻ١
棬ԭ£𽻺õˣһȫɱ
ңڷͷųѾˣӵˮıħӵħıһ
ߺţ𣬲ȻĻǾƷ߶޷κ
ڴ˼¼ڲ֮Уû˳ߡ
еĻ¼ٵعùعǣҵظҽϢٸع
ڵҲڲˡ
ǹ޷ĵطֻеһƬ֮ˣڿҲȫˡ
ԴԴϵȻ𼶵˳ߣز
ڣȻ֣һ֤һҪǱеģˡ
Ϣ˵ǾˣҪһ£ʱ򱨸Լʦ𡪡ħ
ߺתȥڵ۷ߣһشںϣţһոս׵ûа취Լǰ䡣
ټϣΪʱѾˣԼ֮еķӡѾԽԽˡ
ߺԿ϶ǣ֮еķӡضתʯ֮еӰԼġ
Ҫȥ̽ʲôԵʣöԷȻôĿԼҪַ֪ӡʹǶ˵ҲǺѵġ
ҪȻĻÿһͽܣ̵ܹʱ֮ھͿͻ
Է˭Լǰ˭
һеһУգҪߺһȥ⿪š
ڣתչػָΪԼתҲһЩ飬Ȼûйǽ뵽УҲ̫ܵ
һ·ۣߺڵٶϵ˺ѿռ·ֻ£ֻǰ
ڸߺһЩ˻ǱȽϤģ˵ֻʦϴȻսزӦߺ
Ǹߺ֮ǷǳģӦֻ֮Уߺ׹
ǣظĽֵܣûа취֮ˣֻо֮ˡ
ҪҪݣҸߺ䣬RRRһ˵ӡ
ߺ˵䣬ֱתʯҷԸеУκ˽ȥԼͽתʯڵĵط


924 תʯ
תʯĵطȻֻĽƣֻչ֮ʱһ㶼ὫƵķж
жǳ֮͢еԱһԶ޷ĺģཫǴ۷ˡ
ʵǻۣǸԶԣܹĽ͡
˵Ҫתʯ֮أȾˣֻ˺ܽƴ򿪡
ֻеһ˽ãǾͱȻܴ򿪽ƽ뵽еһ˽ãҲȻһ˽á
ѡӪһ㣬Ȼѡ˺췽ӪóȻȥӪǿɾǼϸ˫ϸж˵֪ϢǾø˫׷ɱĽ
ǸߺͬͲǵˣ˵Ҳǹ꽻ʮ޶ԷҶ֮ľߺøС
ңԶǶ˶ͽߺøߺʹ֮䣬ԼݲѹԷȥ
Ҳûֱŭߺһߺ;ԻǶˡ
ǣڵĸߺѾˣƷߣߺĴûгɹһصľ磬ʵҲˡ
˵ڸߺѾﵽ˵һشľ磬Ǿ͸ô׵ŭߺˡ
ʹߺŭҲøߺûޣǸߺ⶯ˣǾͳ׵ıˡ
ԸߺƢøǴ˳Ź֡
ǿɲΪԼΪƷĹΣͿڸߺǰ޿ˣߺҪǹǸվͲָŹıӴˡ
ţعУߺŶԷ棬ԷҪ˳ھˡ
⻹ģո˸ߺĲ֮֮ڳİʱ򣬱һˡҲȥˡ
˵ߺһϵûУЩһŵġ
ʮµĹڵ֮Ҳ˼ˣ⼸䣬ʹδйˡ
µãǵ˵ڶ֮󣬾ͳ׵ĹˣߺǰٿĪˡ
ߺҲǺںҪȻߺڶǵǰ׽ˣ
֮УһǵȻͷǹĪˣڶǣߺ֮ǰǱ飬˵ǿع
˵ƽ˵ǳҲ˵
ǣԴգߺָŹıӴ֮󣬸ǽ԰Ե޳ܵķеڶǵžͰȵ˸ߺͷϡ
ڶǵͷʤǵһǣʵǿƢ꣬бĳƺš
ǣϾ𲻳ײβʹ֪𳤵һʲôģ
ߺɾͲͬˣ֮εģ˭˳ۣ͸ͣٲֱӽѾġ
ȻǴߺˣȻһЩ¶֮ߣԼǶΪһ
ǲпַ˲Ըߺη֡
ߺǲܶԷʲôĴˣȨĴˣֻҪǵ˸ߺһ飬ֱпֶ

ڣֻصһЩܵߺΪ֮󣬸ͬèһ
Ӵˣߺպոʤǰǰʱ򣬸ߺҲֻǺٻѣΪȻѾ𣬵ڵ֮УŲһƷϼһǡ
ڲͬˣ֮󣬸ߺһԾΪƷˣǺǿһ֣ǿĹڸߺĶ֡
Ҳжܿѹסߺһͷȫͬˣߺͺ޼ɣǿʵܣ͸ӵŰˡ
θߺǰ֪ΪΣδӰεһ㶼ͬߺһ㣬۸ߺߵģǴ档
Ҳһ֧ǿĶ飬Ըߺֵ˰֡

˵ˣֻתʯ֮ûֻһֻ֪֮ûֻתʯַҲûа취˺ֻ
˵ȡתʯˣûгԽֻʵһûа취ȡߣ˵ȡתʯҲп֮ȣǸߺȴǲš
ߺְػĵˣԹǹһֶ֮£ͱˣôܱ˻أ
ǻ֣ԹƢһĻϲԼֱӽ֮ҲŹ֡
Ҳ˵ߺ˶ԵûĿ־֮ģҲûִڵĻ̥
ԶڸߺҪ󣬵ҲûзֻҪԼڽػߺȥʱҪ̽һ
㱾ڸߺĲ²֮ڣǺʹĴӦˣҿ϶ӰתʯжֽţԼȥʱ򣬶Էһ
ߺôվ棬ĿǰתʯĮ˵ˣڣһڵĻ¾Ҫˣ
ԼʮĹж˶ˣߺԼĲ²⣬׻ڲڣǲѾˣ
ߺûоʹȥתʯǰĿԼٴβһơ
жҪô򵥵ġ
ʵҲ̽ˣȻ޷ͻƸߺƣ˴ʧɫһͿԿߺʵͳ˵Χ֮ˡ
ڵĵڵ֮УҲֻعʦظп֮Ტۣظ˼Ҹɸ磬ֵģ֮¼޵˰
ҲģߺʲôǾͳ׹رսƣֻµĽƣзãǽ˵ô
ֻҪ֮رգҪûһ򣬾ƾߺǸӲܳˡ
ڵʮһʱ򣬸ߺҪһ˶Ȼ֣ôͻأĳڸߺǰ
ӭ棬һˬ֮ߺס
ߺ̾ѣҲʮɵĸ߶ȣǣͻأֵǸӰøߺһҪ죬޷Խĸо
㵽˭ߺʵڣܸýݸ˰ɣʯ飡
Ǿ޴Ӱº͵һЦ˭պԻ֪ڣȴʱʯ֮ģѲɲ֪ʯջڹ֮𣿡
ߺͬԨԷ֪ԼǰߺǲôĳԾϾԼҲû˵Է֪Ҳʲô̫ϡŹֵ顣
ǣԼδԷô֪أ
ô˵ʲô˼ѲɣϴƭҲɣȻ֪ԼǶ֣ǶԷôƭԼߺҲ˳ܡ
ԷҲ˺ԼԼҪˡ
ߣӡģ˵ŤѾ˵ˣʯȻ֪ȥù˻
ӰһһץǾ˵ȴʮ֮⣬˿ԺתʯȻˡ
תʯ棬ɢ͵Ľɫâ漴ת˰ɫ͸ɫɫ໥ӳ


925 ʯâ
ߺ˫ĿһɵĴԼ֮ͫϣȥȻһƬĹâȻֹâصĽ棬⽻Ĺ֮УȻʮֵ˳һ˿϶
ץסâĿ϶ٿתʯ棬һʲôʲôɢĹâһ¸ߺļƻȻȫȻˡ
ߺʼļӳԼĴɴ˫֮ϣ߳ɴ˫֮ϡ
ߺһϵΪǸӰǺݺݵסˣҪ˵˫֮Ĳλȷ١
ʼͿʼᴩ壬Ƕÿһλд
ǣλǸʱ޷ᴩһ۾ᴩԼ۾۷Ϲ˲ɡ
ͼߵʱͷ­ҲĵطȻ˫ҲڷȻǲɹࡣ
ĵŮ߶֮أʹǴﵽǺӾ磬߾磬²Ҳĵط
һ㣬֪ҲţǶڸߺȸ߶ȵ˵Ѿʮˡ
ǱǺųǿĻ꺣λȻҲǿģҲͬʱģӹ񣬶ĵط
۴𣬻Сߣⶼĵط
ʱ򣬻꺣ûֻҪܵһǿϢѹƣͻɢ
ǣ߾磬𾳽ʱ꺣λǿģϾǴݾ֮أǿ֡
⸣ȻǿλãͬʱҲĵط
Ȼ˺һ˺Ǿв
۾Ȼĵط֮һͲ̫ıΪԽǿߣ⽫۾ʱҲԽӵĲܡ
ӰʵȻǷǸߺܹģȻĸ֪˸ߺʵһش磬ܾںڴ֮Уһں
󣬻ռʱȻȫںϽԼı֮УֻҪԼıһ㣬ԿռʱĿҲǿһ֡
˵ǿıеɱ֮ǿ󣬱˵һƷˣǸոͻƵ𣬶Լ˫֮ϡ
һԻὫԼ۾׵ıǸߺȻ޼ɵôɡ
ʹɣȻ⣬һɳɵĿʼϼȥ
ǣǣߺ۾ȻûбⱻԼĴ۾ɲǼ򵥵鰡
٣ҪָҪıԼĴԼΪһ壬ʱ򣬾ͿԽԼ۾ϵĴٳջԼ֮С
ʧʱ֮еĲܹ֮ת
ϾͬԼ֮еȻǿڳǿȻǿеĹȥѹƣȥ
֮еֽףԪˣľǲǿȻǴˡ
ǿҲԪ֮ΪҪ뽫֮ͷųǾҪһý顣
ò֮ýȻǲܵģΪ֮ǿĸԻָ֮еơ
ǣʺϹԾֵԪ棬Ԫһ󹥻һ·ģΪýٺʲˡ
֮ռǸزͲǰ
ڣߺ۾еı֮ʮϣߺҲڿתʯķ塣
ǳȴâһͻ֣ᷢһʮͨʯͷҲģһһ
ǿʯͷԼֻȭͷСҲ̫޴״ҲȽͨͨʯͷĲ״
ǡʲôߺ֮ڲˣǳ׵Ժˡ
ԭߺΪӰŪģȻʲôʵıء
ôһôͨʯͷøߺԴЩתɵ㶵Ŀǿʯͷ
㲻ҪʯʯܲǵĻһλã˵⣬ǸӰ̾һ
ߺȴһʯ˵֮һһģʯû
ŵˮ𣬶ңʯ֮о˵̺Ŵĺˮ̺֮ģ׳
ܹǣҳΪĻͲᴦελˡ
ƾʯ֮ǿĺɳܹͥڵԻᷴ
صľڵһ
Ȼô˽ҪһҶ󣬲Ҫ棬֮׵ıԼĿƷΧ
ߺҲȽ֣ʯ֮һߵأ
ƿ˸ߺ˼ֻǵһЦû˵ʲô֮г˸У˿һ֮󣬲ɵޡ
ߺûһ㣬ǽȫľŵʯ棬־Ҫ
ոմʯɢĹâߺͱ׵˻ʹ𣬸ߺû
⵽ô£Ѳɣǰһﻹ˽ƣǽʯĹ
ߺɵӰΡȻֻһû˵ϷʵĿŸߺ
ߺո˵꣬Ͳ˲ԾΪǴԼĹ⣬ȻͬʵʵĽ뵽˸ߺľ֮У˳ŸߺľֱϣҪ뵽ߺ֮С
һʼߺûһ£Ͼӡ֮УʯǴ⸨͵ģֱԪȥˡ
ֹâԪ֮󣬾ͺһѽСϪһôֱӴ˹ȥ
ԪҲûɢҲû𵽰ãֹâΣ͵һ
ߺ֪鲢ôˣϲ˵ˣԼеıֹâǿĹ
˳žֹâȻãȻĶԿһȻ󣬸ߺĴǹâҫ֮£ʼıˣȻôƽ޹ʵʧˡ
⵽ʲôߺ۾ȻſΪʯɢĹâ߱ԣǣһΣԼĴˡ
Ҵףߺ۾Ȼˣɢ˵Ĺâ
ҽһ£⵽ô£ǲ涯ֽˣ
ֻһЦ㻹Ӧһ֮еĹâɣЩɲǾô򵥾ͽģ߶ôģвһ𣬱ʯĹâ׵ʧӰ٣
ҲΪ˸㣬ǧҪԼκĶȻĻģСһûд
ߺлȻһĻûȥæԼ۾ԼĴȥֵֹâԹˡ
ȫĴֿ˹ȥǣģֻҪֹâߺĴͿʼı
ͨı˻һ
һشɴٴӴɷ򣬷壬꣬⾳ƣȻֻʣˡ


926 ֮λ
оԼ֮еʧߺɫʼò԰ԼһֱϣõʯȻԼôʧȥ
ڸߺо翪ʼúڰԼʶģʱһЦһ㣬쳹ߺ֮С
ߺ̾һʮϤǸ޴Ӱ
ûȸߺӦӰΪѾﵽƷˣֻҪǰһ֮£ΨҶˣڣҲǻ۷õʱˣ
ߺľһα͹ߺȻеŤҲе˷ܡ
ΪΪ̿ʼһļ֮֮ںϵһ𣬶Է˵ĻߺǸоЩԾ˵ﲻԾǿȷǣһԼԭ
ǾδǹȥˣҲԼδǰ
Ǽ֮Լ֮ǰ֮ǰô˵ͽδĿųˣô˵ĻӦԼǰԵʡ
ԸߺһֱҪȥԼǰһ£Ҫ֪Լǰʲôǿڡ
գڿˣߺܲ˷ܣ
ǲǾãԼʼʹˣٶҲĿ£Ӱûн⿪⣬ѯʡ
һ㣬ߺǱȽϹϲģܴ꣬һСϣڵľƷߣֿȷѰ˿롣
Ҫ֪ٶȾǷŵţʹǷ׵ϣûз
ڣȴڸߺϾôȷȷʵʵķˣֱ꣬ӿԽͬ蹵硣
ŵڷǰ֮ǰûиŸߺһĴǧǵֱӷ˲ɡ
ҺãôһĹȣǿڷܣʹڷҲЩɵۡ
ûҸߺȻ˵ǿ󣬱ȸǣٶʵĻҸߺô˵Ҳǰéˣ
ߺԺ˵ǲԴϣֱӳƲˡ
شʣֻһѣȫĻҲұ֤Ѿ֮λΪѾʮĳ̶ˣ
һѣɾɵ꣬һһеһУȻ֪ˣ˵ţӰȻŭһ
ʮ˲㣬Ѿϣʮ˲֮УѾϢڡںϵʱˣһԻһߣ
һɸߺϤĴϢʼԴԴϵĲߺɫһ䣺ǣˮ𣬻
ߺĻû˵꣬͵ˮ֮ؾκˣɽߺ৶
ͬʱ綼ʼڱչеʮ޸ɫ䣬Ƿ֣ʼȶʱҪըһ㡣
ʮ˲㣬֮У˿־Ӱڼۣ֮εҡҡͷ
ˮ𣬻ô˼ܣΪܣȻϧ֮ĴսҿǸز֮еһЩһ֮ˣ
漴ſԼƣ֮磬棬һʮ˲磬ÿһ磬Сĵ
ʮ޹ĵ߲ĵС
λǾʱڴ˰ɣΪԺʤίһ°ɡ
˵֮Сʮ˲֮Уļ֮УĹХȻ죬ȻֱӰ쵽ʮ˲
ʮ˲ֱѣĳҲ⣬ʮ˲棬һ˿˿ĵԴ֮ĿʼСʮ˲֮ں϶ȥ
Դˣ
˽֮Уһȫɫа꣬ɢȻаεһЦشٴӴ˶Ҫûжδܲȫգ㷢չʱ䣬ǲܹ׵޵У
˵ţȻȫʼ٣һƣͷ꣬һɫ磬ɢž˵ںؼ䡣
ر٣γһɣ
֮У˫ħһЦˮ𣬱ģڿʼҲ˭Ƿ˭ˣͽǣԵΪʦͽ顣
˫ħȻԼںɽ֮Уɽ֮ǰķһ㣬˲٣Ӵɽ½
һ⿪ʼ֮ϣĴҫҪ֮׵ں
˫ħԱǿƻȻбѹƵĺۼ
ֹ˫ħһ˵֮ûܱԱ
棬һ֮صĿռȻֲ޵˫˺ѿˣոջԶڵ֮еĹ𣬴󲽿ٶ˿ǽɫײȥ
䡭
ǽɫıײˣҲʧӰ٣ֻʣһݹǡ
֮ػʱҵȽף½ڴ֮ϣʱһ۰ɣ
˵ţֳʮ˲ʧڿ֮С
һЩߺ֪ĻߣһЩֱΪ壬һͬʧˡ
ߺʶ·ԽصЩ۵ףҲ֪ˣΪʲô̫ʱԼǸʱͬˡ
ߺЩţɵתͷҽħӰ˿ˣԼ֮иͱʯŪģûһĴڡ
Ϊʲô⵽ΪʲôΪʲôҪôڵƣһƬΪʲôҪ磿ѵǴģǵǿɶ
ǶԵģΪ𣿵汻óѣÿ˵ˣֻܹݣΪ񣬺ΪΪƣơ
ǣ㿴һڣƿʱһƬǣʵأֻˮѣûʯγɵ飬Զû࿹һЩΪ˺
㣬Σϣɣ׽֮УĶ߰ɣһԻһԻ룬һԻݡ
ڵ֮Уߺȥĵطһ˿˿֮ʼ͸Щ֮ǸһܵϢȻҡֱϣֱߺ߳
ͬɰٴһߺ߲ܣȫ뵽Լ֮УںϽԼ֮С
ʯصĻҹ⣬Ȼҫ۵Ĺâɫ⻪ȫѹȥ
ߺʧȥٴλˣң֮еķӡһȫƿ
Ϊֱ˲ͳеľ磬ȻֱӴﵽľ磬ңҲﵽ˿ֲﵽһЩڸߺĻ棬ڸߺĻ꺣֮С
ͬŻõƬһȻڸߺľǸ˹Ǹߺ˵ʹõĴͬϾͬһˡ
ߺЩ仭ϼԼνء


927 
ЩԸߺ˵ȻİôϤߺתʯ˵ǰʮЩ棬תʯеĻ档
ѲɣЩҵǰߺڻζʱ򣬺Ȼһڸߺϣߺ˲䱻ˡ
̧ͷ֮٣ûһ˿Ŀ־壬һµĸоȻ
ĴѾڻζϢ֮У˶شĿ̶ֲȣǻ֮еϢʵ̫Ӵˡ
ߺԼ۾ûԼĴ֮ٽеֿ
ôĳţģߺİѾɢˣǣߺϵɫȻһ䲻䣬ʧĸͲ塣
ģߺ徹ȻȫʧˣٹȻǿ󣬾ȻߺƷߵȫ˳
ߺͺһ޴󣬾ôĴǣܵĽƣͱɢˣҿֻѾʧˣһʧӰˡ
ҵ˭˸ոյĻ䣬ߺѾ㲻Լ˭ˡ
ôѾ𣿡ǸӰٴοڣߺӻ֮зӦԻ˫ۿǸӰ
ԭڸߺУǸӰͿڣߺΪﵽľ磬ȻܹԷˡ
ףߺʮֵϤߺ˾Ȼһģһ
˭ΪΡ
ǰ̫ʱ˵˭˭ҿԶ㲻Լ˭ߣ̫Զ
ߺɫһ䣺֪˭ˣ仰ҿɲǺͬ
˵ţߺŭһ֮⣬ʼһɫϢţѾɳĵϢʼϸߺ塣
֮棬ȻŻ֮ߺٴĳ˵ǰ
˭Ӱʵ
ߺ΢΢̣˭ҾңҾǸߺԶԼ
˵꣬ߺһɨ֮ǰǷ֮ɫȵзȥжԼ֮ĻѾЩ˽ˡ
֮УȻӡŸߺһ˿꣬ƣΪ˽ߺķӡ
֮еĳмһĻ֮Ϊߺˡ
ڸߺѾƷߣΪ۷壬ŲϵٵʼѾΪ𼶵ˡ
˵֮еıԴ֮ΪߺˣȻȴߵһЩ
֮һ仰ѾӦˡ
졣ϵ죬ȻˣҲҪԸҪԼǽԼɾ֮λ
Ҳ֮ɷ𣬾Ϊųɾ˸ߺ֮λ
⼸仰ߺѾһˣʣһ䣬һ֮ģߺǻûв͸ԼӦһЩɡ
ȻһÿһεĻΣգθߺĴưȫǣûӰİ˵ڵĸߺҪˡ
ǣûӰڸߺͱʯ⣬ֱӸˢûˡ
һǸߺոյãǸӰĵͷȣ˵ڵĸߺȫԷĻɢˡ
ߺɫޱ仯ȵȫʧʱ򣬸ߺһۣǲҵĳߺЩΡ
УȻͱɱȥɱȥأ
ߺ¶֣Ϳʼ֮еĵϢȴ֮еĵϢʼ
ߺǶʮֵҲ
ĵǺܼ򵥣֪ģߺͰպ«ư֪ģߺϹŪ£ķѵĴҲô򵥵ġ
Ǹ˰˸ߺһ£˵Ҳ֮˾֮еĵһ𡪡ˮ
֮еһЩأȴǸߺ޷۶ɵģ˲ٵʱ䣬ʧܡ
ͱǼرԭȵȵطߺķȫıûа취γɣһߺֱûйܡ
Ȼܹ֮ȴûа취̫õĿƣֻܹ֮һ䣬Լγɡ
ˣͷϷˣʼʯɣʯ֮Ϊǿģˮߺ֮Ȳ˵
ߺ΢΢𣺡ƾʲôƾʲôҪģ˵ףȻǡҲˣƼˮѣֻҪסʯûҪ֮
ǾɲˣˮһЦ֣һˮʼγɣô򵥵һУߺûлܣֱӱˮ֮⡣
ߺ֣ˮʵ̫ǿˣԼʹóȻ޷ѡ
ߺܹԷûԼΪӴӻ֮е֪ǿҲ߲е
ǽԼĴ׵򣬲ҿƣڻͨʹóԼܹõ׵Ĵ
ҲǲԪȼգֻǴĴ֮۳
ĹֶΣеֻһжѣеӵкü֡
ͱڵˮھӵִһִˮԷӵ쾡£ҲǸո˵һԻ
ģߺͲ֪ˣڵˮܹʹд
Ҳдȴʮ֮𣬲࣬Ҳֻд
ڵĸߺһдûأôǰһﶷ
ߺа취ȻԷҲûʹôֻʹóԼ޷򿪵ĽƣǶԷĿģͲɱԼ
ǣͲҪԼҪԼԴڵ
Ըߺ˵ͲʲôֻȱٽԼ֮еĻڻͨ
ߺڽ֮Уվ˰죬ſʼԼĴ
ߺԭҲ룬ԭļ䴴ǣ뵽ҪһɳɵıǿǣǻŶһɲ䣬תûʲôˡ
ԣʼԼˮһԻߺ򣬻ûôǿĴΪ޷

ߺ˵ôһ֣ԭļ֮еϢ֮УʯеĹâġ
ʯеĹâʵ̫ǿˣߺߵΪѾͷųȥĹâ֮жȫ
ȫĹâҫϣ𣬶ûа취
ߺһ仰˵ȥڸߺܵˮʼȻȫ˱һɢҵĹâʼСȫ뵽ߺ֮Уߺˡ
ͺһжûзһܼ򵥣ȴǿʱںϴ
ߺɫ䣬ٲʯȥǽˮ𳹵һæ˵ǰҵˣ鰡
ߺͣһ£Ȼżӿٶȣ֮У»û˭ˮֶʵ


928 ʯ
ߺֵʱ򣬸ոտʯٴĹ⻪Ʊ֮ǰʤ
ߺһɫı⻪ҫôǼâֵסˣַĹâȻڰУһܶ
ߺ֧ţͷϽȵҲ֧Ųסʱ򣬸ߺʹóԼı
ǼߺĹâڸߺһ֮£濪ʼ͸УȻͬոһâԶʼʧ뵽ߺ֮УΪߺá
âʵǲǿ֮ǰȻ˺ܶࡣ
ѲɣΪոˮһ仰ߺͨǰļ䣬֪˺ܶණ
ʯûвǣˮ֮ǰǣֻ֮
ԴӲ֮󣬵ȷͬһǣʱţ֮һ飬ֻʯ
ʵʯĲ࣬ͬնȻʼĲ˲е˽ġ
ǣвʯˣǸʱˮѾˣʯ֪ԼѾûϣˣƴһˡ
Ҳһᣬˮ𣬽ľ
ȻħǸʱȻˣǿ֪Ѿ޷ˣЩһѾˣûô򵥾
˵˭֮µһ𣬷ʯĪ
ʵ˵һ֮˺ģڵˮܹʯ֮١
Ҳ־֮⼸һͬʯһƴԼһʯҪǿࡣ
ҲˣҲЩӡ
ǣܣʯôǣ˵ߺлȻһʯǣǸոյȫǲˡ
ڸߺʯӵôǿҲػ˲Ρ
ߺһסǹâһʯץȥ
ץʱ򣬸ߺȻоԼܵľɫˣԼϤĵ֮УһƬɵĴڣȻǻ֮
ڻɵĻ֮Уһ˫ľګŴֲ׳˶Ӱ·ܹһ
Ǹһգ˲ζ
ǣ˻˫Ļߺţʹˮ֮Ҳܵеġ
ߺ֪˻ӦþʯĻˣû뵽֮ϵĵһ꣬־Ȼôıʯʽ
£ʽĻҲֻҪ֮׵Լʵ𾴳ݶԷ
ߺûôԷӢۣΪ²ȻϧԼǿĴڣȻ
Ӣţߺ۷ߺ䲻ӢۣǲӢۡ
ʱѾ򣬻ʯͲ³ˡ
ڸߺݵʱʯĻУȻһϢôûߣϿߣѾˣ
飬꣬Ʋ񷣬ٹ飬ݾ
⼸˵ߺкȻһӢĩ·й°׵۳ǵĸо
Ȼ²ǹ¶ϣ֮У˵ϣ˵Ρ
ߺҲɴȷˣԼȷˮתҪȻĻԼϢʱ򣬶Է˵Ǿ仰
£ԼϢԷͬһʱ򣬶ԷҪȫˮ
ߺҲоˮҲͦģһЩ飬ʹ࣬ŵпܱȥ˸ӵʹࡣ
Щ׷ͺڷ˵˼ǣͬᣬоһƬڰ
ˮ𱳸ʯиأɹԵʯΪأ
ߺˮתȻҲͬ࣬ΪӢ۱ܿ࣬ߺڣӦǸо١
ڵ㣬˰ɣҪʯʵΪãҲΪһҪ壡
ߺϵҡҡͷҪһԣô˵Ӣˮ£̸ôȥɣء
˵ߺЩܣУԼӵˣѾĲˡ
𣬷׵ħΪνĴƶ𣬹֪ȥѾʧˡ
ԼİͽˣҲѾŵ𣬶׵ˣⷽأԼʲô
ȻһһЩӵǱߣѾˣңͬҲԪ
ϢѾ֮еÿһط˻ᱻ֮Χ磬ÿһط벢ҿˡ
һΣͬʱ൱ڸһصĴҲһЩǿܹ
Ʃʮ֮ǣʮѾʮȥˡ
а˶ħ˶Ϊ˶ʧȥֻߺڻЩ飬ԼǸ㲻
ǾЩ꣬Ѿʧˣ˵ɢҲ̫ܰǿǲ꣬һĳܹȫܻмܳġ
ǣκһûӳȫˣߺȽϲġ
ˮôȰҲȰߺԼҲûа취ˣߺԻֻΪߺͽˡ
ԭεزֻǱˮǣԷȻһЩҪԱ
ȻùʩչϹ˵һ˿֮ռԣոչֻʧһǿԱסġ
ߺոյõʯе㲻ʹãԣʯ÷ÿˮ
ߺˮʱˮȴҡҡͷʾԼ᣺ʯҪʹãͱʯ꣬㲻ȥˣ
ˮĻԸߺ˵ȴͬһ㣬ߺϢ׵ҡβѣʯ飬ҲǹģȻ취Ϊһ
Ҫôľ
ߺһݣǰԼļĻԼһˮĺûˡ
ˮ֮ǰ׷Ļˡ
ߺţֻҪӺҵЩĲл꣬һԻȺۺӦʱ֮֡
ԣߺѿʼֻ꣬ȴѪ
ڸߺʱһӰȻڸߺǰôĮĿԷкûһ˿顣
ͷѩ׵ģҲѩ׵ģſڣĮ˵˳˻꣬Ϊˣ˭ֻҪ䣬ҶҪгң˵ˣԶˣ
ԷƱˣߺȻ֮Уһ仰Ҳ˵
ڸߺ岻ʱһٴδ֮⣺ɣ


929 
ߺȻ̧ͷ˵İҲǷǳİԼ֮ʱԼߵġ
𣿡ߺæǸԳԱߣֵǸӰ𾴵˵
ˮ˫Ŀʪ𾴾Ķ깧İһݣ΢΢˵ͷû˵ʲô˫Ŀ֮еĳ谮ǿóġ
ǶС簮ǸԵֳܵܵ谮
ˮһ˺ܳʱ䣬֮Ũֵ֮鰡
˵ˮողǵʱԱػŵģˮǵ磬ǵܵܿûи
ȥˮûˣҪǲ׵ԩֱֱ׷ȥһӵв鲻Ĵˡ
ǣˮûа취ôҪһ쵼ˣҺһԺߡ
ǻˮı֮ģнľ𣬻а𣬶ˮְġ
ֻһЩ˲ˣҰкˮ
ͱ˵ʮֲˮĵһҲһЩʱղǣȲһλþҵġ
ͬ뷨ģзͬģȻڿ˵ʲô̻žͲˣŵӰ
ǣֻҪǷŵӣͻ˵ϣǲԵģҷɣҪǣ㣡
ֻˮˣռʮţŴȱΪ˵Ķ²ñѰ٣й֮޲
ҵĴڣΪ֪һضռݣʯʵ̫ǿˣҲԸ֣֮֮ٶԸࡣԼԶ޷ǵĽ֮ȥһҪɹҪһȥȻĻܹһɡ
˵֮ӰӾʧˣ󿴸ߺ񣬾ͬˮһĳ谮ԷҲˣߺˮĺ
Ӣĩ·Ҫǣضһ֡
ָһʵǾܹʮλΪߣǣҲʱûа취֮ǰǿ
ڶʱ֮ڣԸһὫ֮
ȻΪǾֻ֮֮˷ҡֱϣմǲп
ȻԷ뷨ߺôܹΥԷһģôܹӢϣգٴǿ
ߺģԸһӢ۾ôȥͿˣǻֹ֮ǡ
ȥǻ֮˿ҲȻع飬ʱǰٶ༸ߺȫȻǶԷĶ֣ҲΨѡ
ߺظ֮ˣȻ˵ĻʹһԼһ£Ǵ˵УĿǣ
ܹԳһһԸܹӦһ㡣
ߺеʹʯ꿪ʼߺкЩ̣ΪӢеһִš
˵ĻӸߺĶߴһϵսдģһУʡ
ʯ·Ե޹ĪŹΪޣ
ߺʾ䣬ʯеʼ͸ߺı־꣬ߺıΪһ壬Ϊɷָһ֡
ʼУΪڸߺʯʱʯͬҲСĿռҲʼСȻǻܹ֮ĵطȻҲǿʼС
дĿǣԻ֮һֱΪȫҲΪΣյڡ
ΪǸط͹ȥΪĿΪǿҡ
ԼСɵĻ֮ͱ
ڱˣͬģʯ꣬һ̣ߺǰһ£·𿴵ʯЦˡ
οЦҲǸ˵ЦݣճɴЦݡ
ߺеģҲֻижԸͨԸѪΪȾƬѾûѪĲ졣
֮󣬸ߺû̸ԼߺûںԼֻǵľһ廳ʯ׳ˡ
漴ߺվԼһ񣺡Ҳҽ֮ѾƵʷӣ۰ɣͨδľ·
˵֮󣬸ߺ˫һһ֣ڸߺǰĵ·ʼۣһףֱӽǰʱˣѡ
һ۶ɵĵ·ͨʣڵ·ܣһԲεͨͨܣĻֹͣ
Ӱܶߺ֪ǲͬʱյĲͬˣԼѾͨδ֮ͨ·ˡ
ߺһ̤ĺӿߺ𣬽ߺеͬһ㡣
øߺû뵽ǣˮȻʼˣһǵ󼸲ʼˣλѣɣΪδݣ
˵ţˮĻһһʵˮ⿪ʼڸߺγɣˮ徹Ȼͬˮһ峺ֲʵĸо
ͬʱˮһ֮һӰʼңԶʳ֣ת۱˸ߺǰվ
ȫԡŻ⣬ʨڣһӦһӲС֮ˡ
֮еĻ𣬸ߺĿһۣߺܸоڶԷϣеϤĸо
ڸߺΪȻʮ֮еκһλߣʯĸߺΪҲѾ۷ˣϾͿ̤һڵľˡ
ֻҪﵽڣոߺּ֮ضʮܹˮĵλΪ֮Уʮ֮ס
ؿʼͬϵŭһ㣬ߺ߸߶аɣѹ°ϵҪΪ֮
޾ĳڰз˭С⳾ضΪ⳾׵ķС
Ȼ˧һۿȥͻ֣ᷢΪ˺ʵҺ
֮У֮಻ϵıʱձƬһӢǷ˳ڸߺǰ
һĿռ˻
ľҲˣĻݿʼǸߺԼıǿѹƵĻ˵ڵĸߺͱĲƶˡ
ߺ֪ˮҪʲôҲ²˼֣⼸𣬴ԼԼĶŮǡ
Ŀһۣߺ֪ڵǣԼûʲôϵ
תʧããı·֮УԽʱ֮УĿɫɫˣĿƶľ󣬸ߺпǧ
̬ģߺʼ뿪֮ǰԶ̫ʱ


930 ɱ
ߺλòûƶƶͨδ֮·ͨϵڸߺ˵Ľţڴʱʱ򣬲ϵ˼롣
й𣬷𡭡֮Уûȫ롣
ȴ˹ߺȴҲʶκˣʮ޾ȻѾˣ׵ͬ
ڹ֮Уߺ·𿴵ӰмӰر׵
ߺûǰȥѯʣΪߺ֪һ˵һЩˮ˵Ļˣʹʣʹǹ֪˸ߺڵݣҲԲǰ˵ġ
Ȳ˵ϸ⣬һʱ֮Ĵڣأ
ˮ׼һ㣬Ż˵Ϊټ̫ʱе𣬰Ÿߺһߡ
Уг˵˼޲ûб˼
ЩУˮñʯԼǱ˵ˣȻкתˣǾ֤һǱɡ
Ѿˣױ˻ɱ
ľȻ֪ߺתˣȻѾ֪ҲѾתˣʯˣ֪˭ء
ɲ뽫ʯôǿĶô֮׵ʧˡ
ڻһֱһǣֻû˵Ϊʱʵ̫ˣе١
Ҫ֪ܹΪһʹ֮һǰȻģа𣬹ħаֵͷ˼
ȴƫƫںܲˮģǣвٴֻҪһͷյĵ˻ǿ
Լ·̿Ҫʱڳˣȹߺǣһ֣ƺƵܵһжˣʱս
ߺɫһ䣬ûȸߺ֣վڸߺԶ𺩺һЦҵ˭أԭ֮µһ죬찡ҵҪ㵽˶ͣ
˵꣬ŭһֱſԼ֣֣ͬľһ޶ƺݺݵĶײһ𣬱ɺԵ
ܵһϵˣʮ֣Ȼǲͬ졣
衤ң߹ûзϻֱóԼĴ˫ȭأһĸɽѸٰͬĽһշȥٶȿ硣
гһɫĹӰӣǧɣȫɫƬ񣬼ֱƤͷ
쿴ֱϵɽ壬ҲЦһ졤
漴һĳɽ˲ѣܵһжΪޡ
Ȼˣʱ֮սĿռ䶼˻Ϊޡ
ڸߺΪʱ½½ĲϵĳӰȻ󲿷ֶǹ
ţߺڿǸصȻһ˧ֻ꣬Էȴûȷе·
һףһ˴ֲ·һ˺ɫĽۣһɫۡ
ˮ𵭵˳Ц⣺ڳˣ
ǾȻʱҲ˵ҵѾˣʯ˭УϺͿ𣿡
ڣڶ֡
ˮмƲƲ죺ҾͲţҺʱûз֣Ȼǿ󣬵Ǹʱһ̫ˣټûпԵĻر㣬ֻǽԼһȡӡ̫֮С
˼һƣ˿ûиеΣǿߺˮĺڽеʯóһ㲻
һ仰˹֮⣬е𶼴ʧɫû뵽α˾Ȼˮĺ
ˮͲϻϣһֻ֮һУͱ֮սǿ̫ˡ
ˮٶȾȻԼԵĸͲĹһʮƽѡ
ĹȻĴˮûʵԵ壬ǵ֮޶ã壬ͺں
ˮȻǿ󰡣ߺЩ˵
ֻ֮ߺԼӵĻһֱӱķǣԲûдˮѾ۷壬ǺҲ˵ˡ
ˮйʽһһǣʱڣôսܲסôǿˣʱʼˡ
ߺ˿ںվԭأ̧ͷϷ˸ߺ
ֻʵ̫ߺˣΪ֮ǰʱĸߺֻһƷΪ
Ҳֻˮǿиȥģʵ෴ʮֵ鸡
ԶԸߺͲǺ⣬ֱһߺȻǴ
ְ׳գߺôأ̧־һǴ

ֻһУͽԷ׵Ļܣһָͷ㵽˶ԷüλϣһȦȦıԷȫıϣԷȻʼСֱȫʧڿ֮С
һУߺ˫֣ĮĿһУͲһͲԴͷ
ߺҲʼĶˣһʼŶ֣ڣЩҲǰȥҶԷһС
Ƕ֪ˣߺʲôӣǿߣʼһЩǿϸߺ
ߺ˫һУҲ˿ôԼѹ׵Ĵ
껪
ߺӳԼ䣬һ۷ĺԲʮķΧסˡ
Ȼ󣬱Щʼֲķ֣֮еʼţȴ֣ԼʼٵĻָ
Ѿȫ򣬲ڻͨˣҸˣ֣
ߺ˫΢УڿʼˣˮţûжԸߺء
οƾߺڵʹⷢһߺ治ĺ¡
ڸߺΪʤȯյʱ򣬷ͻȻߺֱ˴

ߺҲҲֱʹԼѹף껪
ڷı󣬺Ȼɢâߺ˫Ŀ֮УҲǱĺâ߶Կһ
ʤʵǿΪ񣬶ߺȴʤڴǿһʱ˾Ҳֲ¡
䡭
һĴڣֵңȫЩֱʧЩֱӱ˳
еǵѡԸ뿪ˣǲ֪ߺѾˣǲʮĴˡ
ȻˮʱԶʮȴǲô򵥾Էˡ
覴ѣ쵰ȰҽˮСӣ
ߺգΪˮİȫʼϷ𣬵û뵽ʱǱߵҲȻˮˣ˳ɱԼߵ
ֱϣӶٶޱȣɢɫĹâҫȥʮֵʥ
񡤲þ


931 λ
ҿ쵰ˣ͸ߺŭЩݵһǼϸû뵽֮Увټϸ
ֻʮ֮Уãǰ档
ʹѾĹӦˮҲʮΣյġ
ԷгһԲεľ޽Ǿ޽֮ɢɫĹâ漴ͬⲫսһֱˮ壬һ͸
ˮֱԼ۾Ȼ֪˶˼Լû뵽ǣ˾ȻһˣԼǾȹǶ˵¾ȳġ
ǡˮŵĿվԼǰٿԼѾ͸ؿڣĴЦ
ԭǾǣ޳ıɻ쵰ˮǲЦսе˶ǰһĻˡ
硭Ȼ˫Ŀ죬Űеͳ˹ȥͬģҲǷܲ߸
һ֪ʱˣˮһֱһǣȵʱˮǵĻ簮
ڣˮôǵǰ˱֮£ǲŭ
ˮûоʹȥǿһ۸ߺߺдȥɣڳɹ֮ǰҪκˣԱƣҲӣ
˵ţˮ徹ȻٵĹȻ׼Ա
ȳȥĻ𣬱һˣҲУҲɣǰ·ϣӱһ´ȥˡ
ͬĻľܵȻǸطȥ
ˮʹԼƬʱմƣߺȫȥ
ȫرյʱ֮У֮䣬ûһżȥġ
䡭
˫Ŀ֮Ѫᣬɵɵ磬ܣĵܣáǲҪҰôĶءǶˣҵĴڻʲôأ
ҵ쳹磬󣬻Ȼʣʧڸߺ˵ǰ
Ÿߺ˵ͷȻתʧӰ٣ߺ֪ˮӦû̫ס
Լˮתľ𣬶תԼĶӣôȫأ
ȻûΪĻ𣬾ȻΨһģ˲˼飡ߺп
ǻ⻰ǵ÷ȥɡ
⻰ʲô˼ѲԼ͸ԼӦòܻӦøˮһ
ʧˣߺҲٿˣطԼǸʱԶˣߺҲ֪ˣǹΪʲôһǧǰˡ
ԭԼģҿطǸߺ磬ȻĻͲ֣ԼΪԼ
һ飬ߺȽ֣ǾΪµһ̫ϾȻûг֡
˵У̫ϵĹٽȻĹٵλǣʵ֮£̫϶ֵĻͲôΣݶñ¶
Ѳɣ֮Уһ̫ϣ̫ܰɣҶֵֿܹͲǸʵǿ̫ϣ
ոոߺ²ַԼĲ²⣬Ҿˮ˵Ǿ仰Ǿڳɹ֮ǰԶκˡ
ͱ˵ˮĴ㣬ҿûиˣҪȻĻһܵ˽׷ʹء
ߺûзϻֱڴ۳δ֮·δߺΪ˲֮ǰԼϣֱôһʱ䡣
λԼǵʱİ֮󣬸ߺٴ˷
ֻһȫһһθߺϴȫ֮λ磬˷򶼱ѹˣΪĳ
쵰ǼС⵷ңҸ㣬ĸ׸Ͳɱģ㶮ǰ˷Ǽ
ߺЩ֣ҲЩ죬ֻЦţǰǸˡ
˲ǰ˷ĺУɹˣһǸߺʶ칬֮
ԼԼĶӲ⣬뱾ͳúߺһģӿ̳ġ
УħսѾ֮սѾʼУǵĸҲˣֿħˣ֮أѵֲٻҪ𣿡
ߺԺֻǲмһЦûԶ֣ԼֵĻҲԵ̫ûƷ˰ɡ
֣̽ʱ˺ѣţڸߺǰˤһӰ
ūţɱΥͽˣ칬֮ǲˣֱ
ߺεҡҡͷͷ֪ڸģڣѾūˣҵˣǰԽõģ
˵棬ߺԼеǱ˳Ȼ󽫵еľ̽ץ˹һ
ʹҲľߺ֣һ˿ĵط·һ
Ǿ򣡡ߺ˫һУ˵
ոҪߺսأû뵽ոҪ֣ȴ֣ԼеĽ֪ʲôʱûˣߺԼľ
㡭ΪʲôʱѾﵽҿĵزˣѲɣڵѾ֮λˣЩ𾪵ʵ
ߺƲƲ죬ʲôЬ䣬֮λ
ߺҲȻûɵΪԼֵز磬һѾǲɶˣһ𣬿ܽŷ˲ɡ
ߺ֣̽ռ֮Уٳʱ򣬾ͽһԼǰǸһڻֳ־޴ľ򣬷ߺ
ߺֻǵһۣǾ̱ˣ漴ߺͽ˹ʼ
ߺ֣еĽƣȻ֮һ滹̺ĺǾеĺͻ뵽֮С
֮г֮λʸѽ֪˭ģַ㹻𾪡
Ǵ˻ţܹѡһſ֮Ϊʲô
ߺ̾ҡҡͷϧ飬İ֮ˣ²ܹ֮
˵գֱӴԼı֮ϣ⿪պ޵ķӡٴ˵С
֣СֱӻɽУȻɣһ壬ɢĹâ
Ǳ֣һɫһ˫ľһ

ǾȻһ̶Ľ𶯾죬һ
һ˶סˣȻ󾲾վԭأԶ˫֮Ǳ⣬Ǻ⡣
̬ӵ֮չֳ
ߺ֪ѾᵽԼǰǸպ޵ˣͬǣǱޡа˵ȫС
Ȼֱ٣˫һճ


932 ħ֮ս
һĽͬһϢϢȥͬģ𻳱ô˵ڿС
һˣһؼֻһһƵģû˵Ĵڣ˿˼ֹ¼ţ֮УֻһƵġ
ٷǳǿ󣬵ȫ֮Уͬһ㣬ȫĵԼͷϣҲǳǿ󣬾Ȼ˿Ϊ֮
ʹѾĲϵѣȴʼջôԶ
ģ˫ѾǷˣҲɢŽƵζ
˫۳ԶԼ۾ǷѾô˫۾ķ·ǰңԶĹȥ
ߺûеȶ೤ʱ䣬پѾȥˣѾ𻵵ĵطڲ֮¿ʼȫ
ûл£ôɵߺǰĶŸߺ˵ͷ
ֻϧǸ׳յ칬֮ûпèʵ칬֮Ѿȫɵˡ
Ҳݺ磬Ҳûп
ˣνĻԼ£Ӧ˵£Ӧ˵ūµһ
ʲôѾΪˣ㣬ɱһˣҿ磬˭ҵĶ֣
ڲЦ칬֮ߺĵĸеѲûԼΪ
Уǵ֮ǶԼ˵ͷҪϹĻҲӦܹɣʲôѾǰƻͷ
ûж֣ǿ˿ߺ칬֮ԸˣŭѲξҵӡѾӡ걾ԴϣֻҪһĻ
Ļû˵꣬˫һԼָָɽһٵ¡
ն
£ָỬڸߺȻԿǵ칬֮֮һڤڤĴڵ޵Ĵڣ׵նˡ
ҪƴⵥѾɹˣǰѾﵽӽĴڣֻΪл飬ƫƫǺ޽޷ͻƵ
ĵҲ֮ʣҲѾﵽ޽ӽĴˣ˫һ򽣵ȻǺѵˡ
ڽ֮֮ϣ飬̫ûгˣ칬֮ȻˣͲַ֮ԿƵĴˡ
ѾΪڷ˵Ĵˣһɣôܱ˲أ
οߣǹǿĴڡ
𣿡ߺĻ칬֮ģɵģǣѾָǰĵ˵ȴġ
˵ͷЩӣһȻ˫еɫԽԽᶨ
һһȻһЩǣȴΪһǰպޣҾңһ𣡡
ڵ԰ףߺǸˣһľԼ߶ˣԼ֪Լǰʱ˼άЩҵġ
Ȼ˵ǰͲȣߺǰ𣬶֮еĵһ֡ˮ
ʹڵĸߺΪԼǰȣҲ
ǣڵĵͬˣǰҲֻһ̣ڸߺδʱҲѾˡ
Ȼ뵱ʱľʵҲкܴĲ࣬ܵ˵
ߺͲͬˣԼǸʱֻڣǰڱĻһ޸֮һǸ߸ϵ߼Ĵˡ
ÿһ֮ʵͻз츲صı仯
ڵĸߺ㲻һƾǿֲıҲ׾ٵĽʮ֮λ
Ȼǵʮ𻹶ŵĻӦûʲôģǣڵǣʮŵģ׻м
ҲһϣߵϣĴġ
ħ𡭡Լʦ֮ǰѾȥˣ⵹ߺȽϲģ˵˫ħȥĻӦǰˣӦڰ
ľˮ𣬾ѾȥˣԼԼŮ֤аȥ𣬾ûʱ֮УҲӦ࣬ͣһǧ֮ǰˡ
Ҳ˵ʮУѾȥλܻһǧǰʱ֮ȥġ
ʣλ𣬻λѾͶ
ڣǱߵʵߺԼߵʵȴǲֹˡ
ϣ֮У˫𣬷׵𣬽ľѾɹתҷ׵ѾɹĳΪˡ
ڣ׷ҪľԼеʯЩת֮ˣɹָ֮ǰļ䣬ǻָ֮ǰ֮ǰϣһ¥
ȴ˭￪ʼأšߺûԼָǰվڸߺıػ
ߺȻתͷеıۣһָ˵üġ
ٶȿģֱ֮Ǳ뵽˵֮Уſ֣Ȼ𾪵ĿŸߺ
ոգߺֶȻǿ󣬵ǣôҲû뵽ߺѾǿֵزˡ
Ǳ棬дϢߺڴ⣬ǺиߺҪ˵Ļһ𱻸ߺ˶Է֮С
Ǽ򵥣ߺҪ룬öԷҸطʵȵʵȥʱԼһöڤԷһɳ졣
漴ߺ˺ѿռ䣬˵硣
ߺֱ˹һֱڵĵط
һŵȪˮȻŻɫˮȴ˸оһŵĸоûһ˿
Ȫ֮󣬸ߺ̾ˣǰӦþǴ˵еĻȪˡ
ûеư磬ЩͨĹ֡
ߺȥʱȴܵǵѹĵ֮
֮Ũ̶Ȳȵڤй֮޲ߺжЩ֣⵽ôγɵġ
ߺѾ˵ڤټҲûˣӦöԼûʲôô
ڸߺʱһȫɫӰȻߺĺ档
ǿӰȴѾܹˣֻ˵òȫɢźɫϢƬͷ˫ǡ
ңߺּˣѾ˽ͨĴţڲ֮ħͻ᳹׽ռ죬ǺĵĶ֮սҪӵطأ
ԷҹЦţߺ͸ӦˣǣϵЩǣħ֮оȻʶԼ
ߺعͷʱ򣬾̷ˣһԼʶ
ǵ˼֮еİԳƵһħļһֻڵѾ°ˣȻҲѾľ硣
ڵһħı󣬾Ȼˢˢĸħ壬Ǵ󲿷ֶߵľ磬ӣһħӦǵһħˣǵͷ졣
Ҳ׾ȻһߺЩЦõĿǰԴļһ


933 ս
ڸߺΪˣѾǰļһﵱһˣѾͬĸ߶ˡ
ǣߺЩͷʹĻħ幥Ƶ飬ߺȽͷʹġ
˵ԹǴδȾָĵطҲǸߺĴӪ
һ̫Ŵڣ︴ʵһӦ޷ˡ
ǣھȻһڲͨͨħħ֣ķѾټˡ
µģֹĽƣҲӦħֱˣ⻹Щߺ
֪ڼŭң֪͵ߺε̾һ˵
ң֪ĻǿԴˣ綼Ŀ֮Уʱﶷ֮Ǹ𣿡
һħЦţ仰ĸߺȴѾӺ˽ŵףԷȻ֪޷ķһ֪飬Ͳôˡ
˭ģߺĿŵһħ
һħмƲƲ죺ôҧңҲ룬ȻѾ֪Ϣô֪ܲʵʵѾľˣø߰ˣˣ
һ˵ţһħһ߷ؿڣ漴ɫǿϧлĲ٣Ҫɱ֮⣬кܶҪֻǳŻȪǽɣֻҪѾ泩ˣ
˵꣬һħʹԼǺƺƵʮλ߼ħǻȪȥ
ߺǵ˫֮˸ĺâ˹˵ĻͲôżȥȡǸȪˣ٣ҲӦõ֮ҪȻĻĲ⽫֮ӿħ
漴ָָһħ𣺡ȻҲ㣬㲻ŵĻԣ
һħŸߺǿɶЦݣеҪߺһ٣˼Ǹ˶˵Ļġ
ϣǧҪ֣ȻҲȥʲôĻ
ϧħһͲԼ˵Ļţȴǻ£֮л˭
ԾȻûɳ𣬾͸һ£ǲ̫¡
ϾһȥһĻǺѵģߺͬʱߺ֧ʱ򣬱ظǹ
һħ𣬾һѣǶһЩϾѪͳħ塣
ЩħǺҪȻĻҲặȻɳʮôˡ
ߺԿЩħߣ󲿷ֶǾƷߣ㲻ǾƷߣҲ裬ʲôĴ¾ǾƷҲô׶Ըġ
һƷΪߺ̫Դˣ΢ǿôһЩ𣬾Ȼڳԣħ壬ֱּԴˡ
ԺȻԸߺ˴ߺֻƳһۣǴڿռ飬ŴһģǸԸߺֵħߡ
һٶеħһħʵһһһƷߣһĴԵȷ١
žžžһһɫ۵˳˸ߺǰϷʵĿŸߺǲû뵽ոճΪ𣬾ѾӵôǿˣȻΪˮת
֮󣬸ߺһ㶣漴תͷЦĿߡ
˵˭ô޳أԭ֮µһ죬찡ôʱ֮ûȥ𣿡
߲Ǳˣ죬ԷɢϢߺԶǵġ
ңӦЩν𣿲ɱ㣬Ӧþܹõʯɣ̰ĿŸߺ壬´
ʯ
ͬһǱߵħ֮˲ɧ
ʯǺ֮еĵһֻеһ棬Żֶ
˵ֶиıˣѰȥǿֻҪӵʯͷͿŲߣһԼֱǲɶõĶ
ɶᣬֻǰĿ𣬾ȫǶְ
ħΪʲôûأǿɶǰСӣһĻһĵһȫǵˣ
ǵĺڣߺûʱȥܣڶԸߺҪľǰһų֮µĵһǿߣ졣
ȻԼǰˮڵĻҪһġ
㲻ˮڵĻ춼֮µһǿߣô˵Ҳֲ
ǣ㷨ǰǱģǱȽʵİɡ
ߺôվڣ˿ʼˣ첢ûб仯ԼԭеͣǾԸߺ˹
졤
ǾӨָһʹóԼĴߺܵʱ̱ˣһֽ֮ߺУߺǼʵʵʱռѹţһ޷ˡ

ߺ³һ仰ǿռѸٱռͺһ޴ıһмĸߺͬӹ񶼱Ĵһ
ֻǱѸٵСԸߺΪԲģʼСֱʧ
¾
ߺٴʹóһǸߺоģ͵ĻǾӡ֮
⺮ˮͬȻûй̶״ȴǿӡκ״ֻҪ״ģȫӡչֳ
ҲɱһԣߺоһУȻƲǿ󣬵ȴǵǿǿǿ
ټڵĸߺӵ˼ʱձֱϳɵıĹҲͲ
еǣǿǿСǿСǿԡ
ߺͬĶָỮ
ȻͬڱĴԲͬԸߺвܹΪ졤
ԷĴ˳ߺĵͲʩչ
˵ĻôԷĴ棬ߺĴɽկһȻΣܣͬȴǲͬ
֮ã˵࣬ܵ˵Ƿǳǿġ
ȻоԼܵʱնˣ۵ʱ֮⣬һʮǿĺʱչ̶סԼܹ֡
ɶ졤
ߺһٴαϣȻʮ磬Ȼ㱬ѣǱѵӣƣһϵˡ
ǵһħħ壬ڸߺ춯ֵʱ򣬾Ѿ˳˺üϵ֮⣬ʱ򣬻Ҳ벻ʲôˡ


934 λ
ߺսҹʱ֮ڣǳԷӬһģһڷеģһĲӬ
ΪģΪߺĴˮ
ÿʹóԼĴһʼԼĴƿ졤ʼһֱ·硣
ԼոôƿԼĴ֮ԼʩչĴͻᱻߺʹó
ȽȻֻǿԼĴΪƿԼĴһ룬ߺͻٴʹóԼĴԼ
ҹѾǭ¿ˣһֱ·Щˡ
ĸߺֲ˴ʹŵĴԼЩԵĵز
ѾεʹùԼĴĴһҲжѣҹ֮Удػصʹá
գȥ֮󣬸ߺ¶һ˿΢ЦԭģǵĴô˵ǣϿҵǰʧΪһУȫˡ
ߺĻдһǧûжҡľһɲǾȻ΢΢Ļζ
ߺûƭ̶ֳȵߣѾмһЩıˣȻǴ󲿷ֵ𣬸ߺԼС
ǣߺȴȷûƭΪڵѾʹóĴоһˡ
Ƿǳǿ󣬵ǣȴһȱ㣬ǾǶԷеĴǱ־Ҳν
Ѿں˳쾳磬˵е𣬶һƣƿɵɱԼȽȵĵˡ
ֻҪûûн֮ԼĴ֮С
ߺţ첻սѡһ֣ʹǸҲھĴڣҲԲĶ֡
ǣͬһλߣĳҲǲԶǵʱˮƴ˵ڵѾڡ
ͳΪĿܣһۣһá
ٲߵĻҿĲˣ硭ߺֻû˵оǺݺݵһ
ߣǲκεĴΪеǸһȵĴ
ʹǶҲͺͶԷվͬһ߶ȣǣ֣ȴдجΡ
磬һлΪУʹôǿĴѲˣˡ
ԣ֮㿪ʼ룬ߺһǲѾɹĽ֮Լı֮ˡ
뵽ҲֳܱȻ״̬ˣ˫һߺû뵽ѾӴ˻磬Ǿĵˣҵڵһ죬ˣ
˵꣬Ҳ˸ߺӦûӦ˺ѿռ䣬˽ȥ
ߺʵ֮еĴѾɿˣڵѾӽ;ƿˣϾ̫ˣȻߺʮǿ󣬵ǴԪһڲ֮ͬУҲжٵġ
ߺܹ۷徳죬ʵǴĴڣѾǺˡ
ڸߺһʵĶλĻߺѾԳΪ֮еˡ
ոոߺ˵ĹȻûʵȫһȴܾ˵
ں˻ıʹǿߺҲܾôʹ
һʹǾ;ƿݵĽȻ޷ˣͬģߺҲڴʹùȣɣ˵ıں֮С
һȫĵòʧˣϾڸߺӵ֮У̫ʱΪǿΪһϣ
ǱߺѾԭˮľԷڵĹ汸һǴĹ汸
˵ߺʣڼʯ˵ǸߺͻƵڵĻǾȫ֮ϵĴˣ֮£Ĥݵߡ
ߺȴܾȥϾĻȫȫʾԷỳɣԼ˵ĵǲġ
ʱ򣬱˵ˣ֮ȵ̫ϹԼֻ
Ȼ˵ĻԼҪǿһ£һΪ˱סԼҲͬʱ֮У졪档
Ҹߺˣˮתˣңɵ죬ʵȫ׵ĵλ
Ҳߵݹģ֮еһǿߵݹ֮Уһ쵼ߵġ
ߺʯԼǰ־ΪΣҪ
ȻĻȫԼУΪȫġ
ֻʵȨſɵĽһϵеֶΣȻΪͽ𣬱ɣУħ֣ߺǼ򵥵顣
˵ħħ֣Ҫ𲽻Ҫһߺħôں֮Űȥˡ
һеһжҪһݣǾһ쵼ߵݣʵȨݡ
Ȼյʱ𣬸ߺͬŹΪܸоԷЩϤĸо񡭡졣Ӧ˵ʵһķ졣
˵ǷתǣߺţԷ˳ߡ
ߺԲһ˳ߣԼǰģһǵСӵ˳ߡ
ȻԷǺǿ󣬵ǣȴҪһ飬˵ʱɵġ
ߺţһһܹʱռķ򣬲õʮֵ졣
һħ飬δؾûʱӰңôʱȥˣ֮еıֹȻҲһͿԴڲ򿪵ĳ̶ȡ
һеıһЩߺ֪飬˵ʱĹ
ڸߺûǣһ֮ķѣҵ֮֮ɱΣ֮Ȳó
ԲԵ޹ʵ⼸ͽܣڸߺ⼸֮пǽƵĹؼ
ʱиһжˡ
껪
ߺ£һӣܵĿռ̸ı䣬صȥ
ڷɿʻĳϣԵĵӰһоʮֵ档
ոչرյĿռѷ죬ٴſ쾪ʧ֮УӰٴγڿС
㡭㾹ȻĴ㽫ҳ׵ڴ˵أҲóѵģᣬ졤£
ӰȻһɲǱڣڵͬǿһҲһһɢȥʱӰҲʧˡ
žžžһ𣬾ȻĽˣһһϤ׳ڸߺĺ档
ߺ΢ЦŻعͷȥǹ˭ֻڵĹѾһüˣԭ
ʵȫָˣߺ΢Цһ֮ǰˮ


935 죿죿
ǰʱһǧ꣬ǵһϵĻɣôоǲǱ֮ǰ˧ˣһЦš
ڸߺѾ֪һУҲ֪ԼˮתԹ֮ǰԸߺԵ˼֣ȻῪЦˡ
ߺɫľȻЩ۾һô㲻Ǹ
ǰˮ𳤿ЦߺȻ˵˳ǹ֮ȴ˫ۿЩʪ
һǧˣһǧˣٴ仰ˣҵֵܣڹˣ߶
ߺȴҡҡָᶨ˵ǣˣһ˵Ƿֱ֮գһ㣬ڶҲˮˮҲûйҡԶǱԶǱߺ
εҡҡͷСӣðɣǱɣһô죿
ߺѾ֪һУȻҲͼ̳ˮǻ䣬ˮֻ֪ļƻʸߺô죬ûһ㲻˼෴ĺܡ
ûмڻشĻߺĿŵ˵һħϣȻЩħǡ
ȻҪħ嶯֣Ǿֱӵ㣬ЩһҲȫɣ֮أԲܳκһ⣡
漴ߺĬĬתͷһǻȪȻȪһҪ뵽ҵ֮Уˣûʲôɣ
ͷνʼ򣺡ȻûˣȪָҪĵطȻ滹һЩҪˣ룬Ӧúϣǣ
ߺƳһǻȪҡҡͷ֪˭ˣûбҪˣֻһЩҵȷҪߡ
˵ţߺ̺֣֮˻Ȫ֮Уɫ֮侹Ȼһ仯ûС
ֳʱֻмŨɫ֮ߺ֮ԼĻУ㽫ǿ֮еĻȪԼ֮С
رԭһǳ磬ߺѾ֪ˣ⼫֮еһ׵أʵԼġ
ֲãԼʱ򣬻ô˳ȻҲģֻԼϤʱѡ
ΪߺڴʱʱѾ׵뵽Լı֮С
Ȼ⣬ǸߺʱˣҪ볹׵ǱǷʱɡ
ϸߺĵԵֻǰոߺԸ¡
⼫رԭǸߺȽģ֮УԼĳɵĵֻ֮ߺ֮ǰûпѡ
ڸߺѾ֪⼫رԭôγɵˣټڵΪرԭȫ⡣
ڸߺ֮еļرԭȫһӣԭȣߺļرԭȻΰԻͣǺˣֻȱΨİ
УŨĵ֮ȫӡڵر֮ˣû㹻޷
ڣߺڿˣ֮еļرԭ֮ܲһĺڰ֮йͨ쳹ص磬ķ粨Ҳǿ̨һ
Ӧ˵Ǳ̨綼ǿȫǵ֮ȪУųԶһ㲨ĻȪȻҲŨĵ֮˼
ڤ֣˿ٵĳɳڤŨĵ֮֮յ֮󣬾ͻ졣
ߺתʧ֮УȻ֮һƬѪȷ磬ߺڿʼˣΪһǧǰˮûɵļƻ
ֻиߺ֪ļƻȻǳΣգֻҪƻд֮У˵ˣԼţ
Ҳһ͵á
Ҳ͸ߺһʧˣ֮еħ壬ӭԼĩգߺ𣬽ջΪħ񣬱ǻҪѪȣҪħ壬ѪȵֶΣʼѹħ塣
֮УħһʧʱѾһ֮ˣһ֮Уߺ߲ݵɱ¾֮еħһա
ǣµĵҲѾǲƵˣѪǧ꣬仧ҡ
һ֮еʵƵĵռ˰ڹӣ񲢲ôں
ߺҲǺں֮У˵ѾʱˣǴڵĻҲʱ¡
ߺҲ㲻̫ǵ˳߻ߣɱֲɱϾԼҪɱĻȥ˭ͶԼԭ¶Ắġ
ȻĻЩħ嶯֣ٺòˡ
ɴ߲Сڣսܻο֮սأųɵ˸ߺҲԲ⡣
ڵһħȣߺûдΪߺܸоڵһħϣӡ
Ըߺʱƹ˶ԷټԼҪָһսʱڣڳпԵһħˡ
ţû뵽ħ֮УȻҲǲ𣡡Լ°ͣһµһħ𣬹Ц
ߺΧһħˣ֪ܲԷԼԭ
ھҰһħ𶼿ˣµˣҪ˵ôֱҲͲôĺˡ
ǰûɱԼǿһϵĴԼ
ͺǰλȴµһ
˵ֱӵİȽ٣Ȼ꣬ĥһ°

ߺ˵ͷڵѾָĲ˰ɣ
յ˵ͷ˵֮ǰɱЩħҲֻѣߵĲʵ̫ˡ
ߺ˵ͷֱ̽㽫һħˣڸߺһħʱһʹӵһħϷһ֮
˭Ҷ֮ˣҿǻòͷˣǸӰΧںɫħ֮УǸߺǿġ
ħһħ𳤵м񣬳ͷǣȫ¶ûаħ
ħǧǶûнҺĴ½ΪΣȿ˵ϾڸߺûлָԼȫʵ
ҲӦǾһ֪֮սɣǸȫħ֮еħӰ˵
ߺ˵Ĭ൱Ĭˡ
ҵ־ͽ죡֮죬䣬ҾΪ˻һڵģ֮ս֮սԭҵսҵս
Ƕ˵仰ʱ򣬺򶨣ߺȴû˸е򶨣ǸеһɰĴҲ˵Ǳʤ֮ơ
ˣԶ֮սΪΣǣڣյĿĵأȴħ֡
Ҳ˵һʼ˾Ѿʧˣεģ˼ħڣ졣
һǧǿߵжǿû֪ǳһ˵ϣǿѾ˸ߺ
ǸߺսĻ͵սǶıһʼսʱ򣬾Ϳʼƻı


936 ħһ
ôǲǻΪأɣսɣս൱ǺУߵսֻҪңЩԶ֮սΪĿˣɥ
սҾͲˣܹ˶ˣһǾͳʬ⣬ֻҪһ潫ƣ
ԽԽԴЦ⣬øߺ𳹵׵ˣҪԴʲô̶ȣѲΪԼ˻˼Ĳ
ߺԼǾҲԲ飬ûйϵǵĿ꣬ʼֻһǾ죬
˽ļһﳹ׵һֱĿ֮£ħѹū֮ȥǻȫء
ߺϷʵĿڶ٩٩̸Ķ죬ѧߺһָһֻһӡǶѣɱҲûʲôϵڶ֪˭𣿡
ǣǲһߵˣǾӦڼʿΪεĻһߵ˰ɣ
ߺһۣû뵽ʱô꣬һߵѾ˿ںˣΪΣΪˡ
ǱĩãʹȫΣһֱūۣʹʹսء
һֱϤڱѹƣǾū
ǣڶ֮սȴ֪Լڱ˵Ŀ֮УЩӢ֪ԼһֻһЦѣȥɡ
˵Щڶ֮սģֻö֮սӮһЩѵˣҲںǲǾǷսʿǵ֮Уֻս
ڱЩûʵĴʾ䣬ȸߺǿˣҪʵжĻߺǿһЩġ
ԸߺǵıԼ죬ù˵꣬˵֮ҲԼԷǹѡ
Щ۵ԸȻȸߺӵӦ֡
ֻԵĻӶ˼֣ͽЩˣ˼УĲμӵĶ֮սڶӢۣȻǽʧ
ֻɵˣеֻǽŲμӶ֮ս׳Լ˫ա
һЩֻȥ֮սĥԼǲΪԸħħ壬Щ˾ܹɹ
Ƕ֮ˣĥԼʵڵȴһᣬȴһΰӢߣһٹħ壬ʱͷ­Ѫν
ʲôϣȻֲ֪صˣǾȻˡû˵꣬ӰʧӰˡ
ߺмһһ׳һļһʹħ𣿡
°͵˵ͷţǣҲħֻһ棬һֻһѣֻӵţħ֮лиǿĴڡ
ǺĴ֮УʮһǾ֮һǾ춯صĴ
ͷ죬̤أһߺ
ߺҲ˵ͷҲ²⣬൱ں֮УʮһĴڰɣӦҲֱǹһ
ټϣս𣿶Աħ˵ʲôνȻԶ˵ܹӹʤʣҲͽˡ
ʮ֮ʹùһУֱǰ԰飬еˡ
û뵽ȴˣһͲܲģֻɡ
ҲΪǴûĴ۷弶սսͻף֮Уǲͬġ
˵Ѿˣ磬˼רŹĵط
Щȫռˣߺ֪Էʲôط
漴ߺڵ֮һ£һ˷һöڤ
ڵڤȻʵòˣǶԻָʵȴǻкܴõģǶڻָ
ԣˮһʹʧݣ˽ҲԲõġ
ʹ˽ˣֻҪڣЩͻ뵽֮УԣӪ
˼磬ǱռˣߺĹϵҲ̫
ȴʮ죬ڤڸߺĵĲˣǵĴҲȫ޸ˡ
ߺһЦͬʱ˺ѿռ䣬˽ȥ
˼䣬սѾȻˣĴ߿ʼڽڰˣΪģΪոʧȥս
ЩһǷǳǿģȻڵĸߺ޷ȣô˵󲿷ֶһĴڡ
սֹѪݣͷ­սÿһطƮѪ۳ɺӣǿ֮·һǺ֮ǿճһ㡣
ӿѪǿնռ죬ǿеѪһӿκˡ
󲿷ֶħѪߣȻʧ˺ܶˣ֮УྫӢ
磬һú͸ߺһģһֻ꣬˼أ˼
ÿƸߺˣһһŮڵ֮ÿ߶һܹһƬѪȷ硣
˧Ůٺòڹˡ
ߺƳ̶ȣֱǺţֻͷߺȫͬ
ߺͷԴӳʼȫɫģѾȫɫˡ
֮УһǽɫͷɢŽĽâһɫͷǸŮɫͷ
ǸߺĶŮ룬쳾ˣǾһٶĳɳڳɾһ
ȴ֮⣬ʮֵĿģսۣ治֪ƣɱ¾һʹñꡣ
˫Ŀ죬ֶμȵĲ̣ÿɱһħ壬ǲ̵ĽԷ嶼ʬͽ˺ѳݡ
ı󣬻һӵźˣֳһ͸ˮǰǸǷĵˮ©
ÿһǸʱ򣬺Ǹ˶ἴʹòȣ֮˵̡
ֵǸ񱩵κ˵Ļȥ෴˵ĻȴһȻûƢ̡
ħĽѩ˿ʦֵܣұĽѩΪûħǿȴʦ֡
縸ĽѩЩУһֱԼʦܣֱڣʦֵܵĸ黹ʮֲġ
Ϊߺ״ӣô̫ߺǸԤ˺ܶණҲǿ̼ˡ
һ꣬ÿһжХֲͬķδӿ˸۳һħ屻ɨһգȫ
裬Ӧ˵ˡ
һʮ춯â
ֽڴˡ
ƣֹ
ң֣ˡ


937 ħ
ڴɱȵʱһռѷ죬ǿգѪ˱˽ȥ
һлΪƽʱ򣬸ߺӰڰУǿգǽ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ߺӰ֮󣬼ʶߺǰһ漴ӰӾ˵˸ߺĻУٶȿģ˶ûп塣
Ȼߺһ˵ӣϢߺڲ֪˭ɵˡ
ߺĻȥʱ򣬸ߺ΢Цſ˫ۣӰͬ鳲һһĺݺݵײ˸ߺĻС
漴춯صĿ֮ڸߺĻ𣺡ϰ֣ǻΪǰ˷ɱأǼÿ궼ȥҰ˷鷳
ǵģڶս϶һԼҪȥǰ˷ҵģ
Ǹ쳾գôûˣѾôˣһ꣬˧ˡ
һǳΪͤͤŮ󷽡
ߺֻǵãԼСһͬʱСһһ׶ûдﵽһѾԼԸôһˡ
ߺǰİһݣ״ˣТݼ
ߺ΢΢˵ͷƾʹԼı֮Ц⣺úӣ⣬ΪʵãԲеģ˵ΪҲø
ħĽѩǰĹ£ݣͽħĽѩݼʦ
ַͬ˷׷ߺЦⲻϵĵͷΪȻںǶ˵ѾǷǳˣҺ⣡
⻰е亹ֱ
ⶼˣǷǳ̣ǲЩû̵ʲô
磬ǰεˣҾ֪ûôӣΪһľˣҪҪұԱ԰
ֽڣ֣գ١
ڽı󣬻һçײ󺺣˶Ÿߺûʲô֮ɫߺҲʶˣǴԴӿʼû뿪ԼеĽпӦһ֮ˡ
磬Ҿʹûôһ첻ߵĵܵܣһƴǸ˵ԺṈ̀һġ
һ˿û鰡ҪȻƾǸһ̵ʵԲᱻһġ
úúã½죬ݼ˭ţ˵⣬ãĿŸߺո˵ûмסƵġ
ʵûмסոߺ⽣ֱһ߰Ǹֱֱ֣ļʮ֮ࡣ
ǣⲢ˵ıǸԱĶģ̸Ͻ⽣ͻͬһʲô²ס찡
ߺ˵ͷû˵ʲôĻֻǵĿ˽һۣĵ˵ͷô֮ˣߺҲǷǳټ
ǾѾѡպޣΪǰѡ
ڸߺ˵ĵս˲䰲ˣԲȥսȻռϵ
Ҳ˵ϵ֮Уħˡ
սʿȻֻռһϵѣԿߵǷǳ󰡣˵Թѵڡ
游ĸǵĸǣùõˣЩˣߺһЩĵأסʵ
סЩѰˣȥʮСʵȻȻȹ磬Ҳһһο𣬻ǿ󡣡
ֵǣû˺ǣǹĿһۣȻ˺ѿռȥˣߵʱССС֮д
ߺ۾һæʵôˣ
ǲǣ˫̫ʱǷǳǿģҺпֱ׷׵ǿڡ
Լ̫ʱԷǺϤټ϶ԷͲ֪ԼˮתȻԷ涯ֵĻļˡ
ߺ֪Īӣô֪ܲߺڵʲôæڵ׻ģĵֻ޷׽СҲһˣԲС˺游˵ġֻǣʹôŬҲ޷ѰҵСĴڣټϸ׵ͻȻʧ٣Щúǣԣֻҡף
˵⣬ıҪίжί
Щ֮УϤѾˣоǾȵʵ̫ˡ
ڵ˵Ƿȵ𣬱ȸߺأߺֻڵ֮
еĵ˴Լ꼻һֵļ֮һλӽ𣬶ھͶ֮λ֮
˵֮еĵڶ˷֮Уͽ˷ȫˣҿ˷֮еλʯ
ȻΪʯߺ֪ʯʵڸߺϡ
ԭռ˷ʱ֣˵ʯڱôڻڰ˷֮أ
øߺʧֱ֮ȥˣױƵ׸ԼˣΪǼٵģһ١
ʵ̫ʱ˹ħˮ֮⣬û֪ߺѾɹʯˡ
ʱ֮У죬ȻѾˣʱ֮ܵ˷ǳص˺
ߺߺˮֱԼϽľԱĽ˵
ε˺Ǳʯ˺һЩҲһԱ˵Ҫչ죬Ѿһȥˡ
Ȼû˺ȴ˸ˣһǧһζûѹеһУνԱ
̫ѳֵġ
ټСʯĹʵ봫˵еʯ̫ǿˣûмʯǣΪǰ˷λΪʵ̫С޷ʯǿá
ǣߺԼ˵ˣ۷߼ģץסʯʯĹâͿԽ
ʮߣץʯ
ûнӴʯˣԶ޷ʯģǸߺΪ֮ԼˮתҲһĽ
ΪߺˮתʯΨһϿɵˣԵĶԸߺ˵ˮҪȻƾڸߺΪҲֻܹǿõʯ
ǾʯģǣȥǶ֮УûѰҵʯ
Ϊʯȫ֮еڶʯѹסˣ˵ѹˡ
ʯҲ躹ޣҲıνĵڶʯѹס
֮еһʯͷ˵һڵĶ֮ǿԶǳܹġ
ʱ콫ʯ̫ˣӦ˵ȴˮߺˣʯ̫ˡ
ΪڸߺҲûȫʯȫҲûȫֻҪԼıȫʯߺ֪Ӷٱ
ǣߺ룬ΪоڵԼѾԱǻڲõĽߺϣܹ


938 ħ
ߺգ˫΢У뵽еȻѾδҲƽ֮Ҳ࣬޷
漴սϣϵħ壬˵ЩħıһЩĴڣǶ졣
ֻһӡǾӦĶ֮¡
ߺ׵ǣħȻڶ֮УΪǿԷҪ빥棬Ҳô򵥵ġ
ʲôԵʣħ˹˺ΣѲɣΪ
Դǧǰʱ֮УˣѾǧûгֹˣħ֣Ҳֻǧѡ
ѵΪˣԲŵħ֮еħ幥ƺϣ֮У
Ϊǰʯ˵ʱħû˿ĶǸʱ֣ҲͶ
ϾǸʱʼѾţʹħħǿҲֵĶ֡
飬ǹ찡ߺŮ˼ȴǼת̫벻ˡ
ħħ֣һϾ˵̫죬Ա֮ҲͰˡ
ΪһʼʱһҲûж
ţħոֵʱ򣬻ȾӦøܵǸʱָӡʵټ򵥲ˣΪʲôǶûô
һеһУһգȴŸߺȥԽ֮⿪š
Ҫǣǰϵħ壬ߺʱ붯ԼڵѾǷŹԼˣҲͷԼơ
ǻȸܵĻһǰģȻߺţôһǿǾԲܻ޶õġ
ԼıʱʱǾ͸ܵķǳӦ֪Լˡ
Щħǰȴ˺ܳʱ䣬ոҪʱһӰǿ֮γɣôͻأĳ֡
һȭ죬ҽǿ֮Уûħ塣
һͷɫͷͬһͷƮȻϣһɫӣ·кɫҽһ㡣
ߺǰû֮ǰǻ𼱻ǣ𾴵ĵ˵ͷ˹֣ӭˮ
ߺİ˰֣ѲˮԽұ𣡡
𹧾˵һǣȻ߾һۣμˮˣ
еĿռ俪ʼϵı˺ѿһӰߴɵӰӳ֮УߺϸӰȻа֮ࡣ
ۣͬԷǸߺȴһʾĸо
һ޴Ӱ˳Ƕ𹧾ľһȻ󵭵ĶŸߺ˹֡
֮ԣԷڵһλߺڵڶλ˲ߺ
ˣһԲ֪Ǹʾһ£ȵͷߺǰ
ǰɵߺûһص˼
˵Ƕˣ֮ضûУ֮ԱӾǲ㡣
λǱǰɣģҲ֪ˮ𵽵жǿ󣬱һгΪģ֪̫ʱ飬һ仰֪
һ˵ɫˣɫͷ˽ɫˣ˿˿ðź̡
ָ̧Ǹ𶼶ˣ㣬ɼ𡭡ôĵӣôԱ˵ˮ䣬ֱ·ϰ
ɼνҡҡ֣ˣȻλԳƲˮǱ𣬶˵ӦǺ󱳣Ӧʵʩҽѵ󱲣ܸûɣ̵ĻֿԴ֮ˣôܹĲأܷڣ
һ仰ǽߺĺ·ȫˣˣ˵ˣŭԣҪȻ޷ˡ
Ͼո̤ڶһ㻳ɣսȨΪԼ棬е𶼻վһ𷴿ߺ
쳾ɫǺ죬׷ߵҪȥ
ҿԱţ˲֪ߺƢʮģʱ򣬾͸ԼıԷ仰ѹסˣǾͲĸߺˡ
ЩЦ˿ûоµı顣
ңеҡҷһ˧գңӽ˫Ŀǳһ˿˿Ц⡣
ޱ飬ֻĿһ۴ܵڶ𣬻˵
ֽڴ˴˫֣Աߵ֣ռüŪۣºˣ֪ôأ
֣һɣֻǿٱǿ׵֣ƻˣʱãҲ£׳Ҫùˣ
Щ˶Ƿǳ˽ߺΪˣߺǺƢҲѭ浸صˣһλеˡ
Ȼ֪˶֪ǰĻ𣬶֪ڵı𣬵ȷ֮ǰˮˡ
֮ǰˮȻǿ󣬵Ĺ˵ҲֻһЦ֮
ǣڵĸߺʲôԹ£ۻҧһڣǵð˵ĸ첲ȫжˡ
ôһ覴ñرСˣһʵǿСˣôĶ˵һϵûɡ
ߺŻ˰֣𣬼ȻλɼҪ˵Щʲô˵ɣ˭˵ȫһ԰һ»񽱸ԣ
̾һˣʵڡƢôתôķƵСڣֱѹеĻǻ𣿡
Ϳˣֻûȥк̫ʱȻͬʮ𣬵ȴཻ
Ҳߺཻãȴûʲô顣
ħ𣬻Ϊͬڵ֮У˭Ҳ˭ԹϵȻҲͲô
ڿΪԸһߣϾǧֻǻָʵȴû˵ܵôصơ
ߺĻе۷׷ףһ߳λߺϸ۲һ£λڶ֮УǱȽǿġ
˷ɼ𣬻йɱ𣬽轣ʵ𡭡
ʮλվڸߺǰߺڱ棬ߺЦ⣬Ͳ˵
ٿʮλʼ˷ģʽŸߺָ˵󣬺ߺһ
ɱƽߣˡ
ڣ˵۵ʱ򣬸ߺˣǸߺԴӱʮΧס֮󣬵һοڡ
˵𣿡
ߺ˹˵һ˵ţһ߷ſԼе쳾
ҲѾˣǳµߵ棬Լĸ͹վһǸߺԸġ
ȥ֮վһ𣬿ԱסԼ
û˵꣡Ȼ˵
ߺһЦû˵ûϵڲˣңҲײˣȥɣ


939 ħģ
껪ߺ³֣Ŀռ俪ʼЩȻ֣ԼǰɷȻڿٵС
ӰɴСһƽȵĴС
ڴие˾ţʧĶŸߺŭ𣺡㡭㾹ȻǶ֣ҵΪΪʲôˣôˣԣˣ̣㡭ħħ
ĸ˶Ÿߺʩչ˹ֻ̣ߺ۷ߣôܾǵĹأ
Щ䵽ߺϣͬһֻǶķǸߺ½Ƕû塣
ߣһЩ۷壬ȻҲҶ֣ǲ֪˵أ𣿡ߺתԼգ
һǱȴǲɫֻεЦˮ˾ת֮󣬹䣬Щô˵ɱĻǶԸ
ߺһЦȻǲң֧֮ҲΪ⣬ôǳ׵ʧأЩλãɰţ
˵գߺ̱ˣϣ·߸ϵľһԼ¡
֮еĺͽһðɣΪһݹף
˵ţʮ˵ͷӹЩոЦţߺֻӹ֮ſſǿ֮УȻƮš
֮ǰ⣡
ЦһЦ֪Щ˾Ľ˿ûһ˸ߺǰٺһЦ
磬ʲôԸ
ߺ¶˿Цݣ֮дһλߣΪ̣ݺᣬΪ𣬴ͻơʱ䣬޷ͻƣн
һ仰̾ɵˣȲ˵ΪߺӦòᶯ죬û뵽ߺֱӶ֡
˵ܹôĳΪ̣Ѿ˾ˣߺȻԷöԷ֮оʹͻƳΪ
ǲܵİֱΥ˳
оҲһЩΪѣ̴ӦεĿ˿ߺߺ˵ͷʹһɫ
֪ˣߺмƽϣȻĻǲ˵ȴ󻰵ġ


͸ӼˣߺϵĽг
ֽڣ죬֣գңӣħĽƺ
ˣߺûڴ裬˼Ŀһܡ
֮л˭վսҵҪǵƤǲ⼸һӲ
ߺĿ֮Щ׷׶Լ߰ͷ­ֱӸߺ
ߺ΢΢𣺡ȻûеĻǾǰħȫȻλΪһ飬ں֮Ĵɱ¾ħ壬֮У겻ɵĻͷ֮еĺ
ЩʰɣضЩҲһЩţôˣҲҷһʧ
ֳϡ࣬˵˵
ߺ˰֣ʵ̫չˣܼʺ磿ɱ¾ܳΪսʿôˣ
˵꣬һӣͽʮԼļرԭ֮С
˸ߺĺ֮⣬ԼӣȻȥʲôȥˣûֻ֪֪Щ˳ʱ򣬲ѾˣѾΪˡ
ڻļʱȽϸһЩ
ͻһǾµųɹģ֮УͳɹͻΪġ
֪ȥˣҪҪȥһ°С˵
ߺû˵Ҳûд磬ֱӿʼһɵĽȥ
ʱǿп籩꣬׵罻ӣħ˱
ĸߺǳϤӰǿ֮󣬿Ÿߺ΢Ц
СʦܣδڿɺãǷ׵Ǻûм¡
һǵΪѾ˻𣬴ﵽ۷壬ٶǷǳˡ
ڶǻҲǵĶ֣ʮǶԷһȣҲǲսʤġ
ߺһ۹𣺡ϼһ̫ˣ׵λʦһҲƽΪʾҲǲ°
ֵܼ棬ߺϲ񣬻һȻ֪⼸һתûпߺǲš
ֵǰǰСܹƽħ壡ħɱ֮ǰĮǴУߺһ˿ġ
⿴ʵǺܵԼ⼸λʦֵܣʦֵķ緶
£ߺһħߺԭֻһж
˷׵ļ룬СӵʵȻ
Ȳ˵ߺʵѾڻ֮ˣǷ׵ʵҲѾ˻ˡ
ɱħģĪһȥħɥһϵ
ĸϵħ壬ҲֻĽȫˡ
棬һٸϵħռ죬Щ˾չ˷ɱ¾ֱָħһĴӪ
еһʱʱѾȥ¡
ħ壬ڸߺ֮£Ѿȫˣֻʣ¶Ӫ֮еħˡ
ڴˣһϵ֮еħӪΧס
һħж֮Уıˣ˵Ⱥɱʵ̫ǿˡ
һһϵһҲܹϵﱻ
λˣȻǰûкסĻ
ߺյҲ֮µĵһˣǲĻ֮лû֮ˡ
һ㣬ɹ֮ͻᱻϣں֮ҲԶӪȷе˵ӦӪ
Ϊ֮󣬶ȹٻɢеϢʱᱻϡ
һǺ֮ǿ˳ߣֻ˵ϲˣߣǾû취ˣű
ͬģڶȻһߡ
һħ壬Ȼ󲿷ǲħģ͵ڱģԼڡ
ԣ󲿷ֵΪ˲ģѡмġ
գߺվĵطħĻأȻ˵ħȫˣߺֺֻĵĴ󲿷ָ߶ѡ
ħ֮лкܶĸ߽ȻǾͲڵĸߺĵˣֻҪֺħ壬ˡ
ڸߺȰλΧʱĸ߶ħڳˣȻҲλ𼶵Ĵڡ
Ȼ켶ħǸߺҪĿ꣬ģߺôϡ
´˴жĴ죬𣬸λˣ


940 м
ħһһλڵĴڣֱǴ죬꣬λ飬죬ˣħ
λ൱ʮһĸ֣ڰλħ֮С
ڣĴħ壬ʣλĸ߶ˣģ߼𼶣̼漶ʥѾˡ
ħĴ棬ͽ׵սʥĴڣ۽׵ĶûУԿô꣬УսѾưܲˡ
Ҫ˵֮ôսҲ֣ǣħ֮УЩֻǲɽһǵʵ໹ħ֮ء
ߺɫʼˣڿҪҪŹЩһħ֮ȥϾԼԷ˴սǶԸȷѶˣ˵ʧܡ
ߵ֮һЭɣǾʹȥҷ䲻ַҺ棬߱Ȱӣ㲻ͬĻǽվƴ
ߺ⣬Ŀڵ
Ҫ˵ƾߵʵԷǲܵģϾз׵𣬻ԼѾ˵߶˵֮һˡ
ټһĹȻûа취֮еһ˵Ծ˲һûġ
ôĻߺ߾ռ߶˵ս
ôսԷǲߵĻֻߺǷǳ˵ġ
ߺû뵽ǣԷֻ֮ǹһЦȻϷʵĿŸߺ֮ǰȻս˵ĻῼǿľߣǽգҪͽ⣬ѣ
⣬ߺȻԷô˵Ļǳ˶ԷԼĶ֣ô˵ĻֻһܣǾǶԷԮ֡
ûȸߺ꣬ȻͲЩԾܶ𲨶ʼƾɢռ俪ʼ˺ѡ
ãмˣߺĿԲͨͶˮеʯͷһȥ
æתʼˣϾԷбڸߺҪȥʱȴ֣ܵʱȫ۳ɵסˣûа취˺ѿռ䡣
ЩһĴ۶ɵģȻ˵ߺ׵ǿ󣬵Ǳض˫ȭѵ֡
ôĴסʱգҲûа취Ƭʱ˺ѿˡ
⵽ʲôԵʣôûиоħϢӽأѵĸͲʲôħӵϢġ̫һߺ˫΢С
ó²Ķˣû뵽ȻħǱΪ飬ֻΪԼһ
Ǻþûˣû뵽ȻôϤһɫӰڸߺȰΧȦ֮⡣
ħǣǿ֧ԼԼлɳˡ
м䱻ģǸߺһģǰλһЩڵĴڡ
һιɫƬͬɫĹâ
û뵽죬㾹ȻħǱΪ飬ȥǾˣȺͷ̣˫ĿðĿ졣
һЦʲô̫ϵһƲ߶ѣ˵вֻǵȻħԸǺҲûʲôˡǣǸͲϣ
ߺǰ棬ܿ˵һ䣺ǰһ仰֪
ߣ֮ˣҿ㻹˵ʲôʲôԾ˵ɣ첻мĿ˸ߺһۡ
ߺ΢΢̣¶ʮŽ׵ݣǣ
˵ʲôͷ컹ôӲ챩ŭͬһŸߺŭ
ߺƳһۺħ壺ǿħһѾúİȫһˣ
ƲƲ죺ħ棿ͲֵһᣬֻҪѵʱ򣬾ʱ㻹֪ɣħѾǵԴ
֪ʲôԴ𣿹ǶһˣǾͳ׵ˣһ¶ԻָˣΪɵǸһԴ˱Ǹ϶ԱŪƲܹôͻָģ׳գ
˶ǰ׳գ֮Ϣ˹ͻһٹħ棬Ȼش棬Щûгγɣʱе涼ǿУ
ߺкȻЩǶԷģߵʱǷסģЩħ
û뵽ǣȻôҰġ
ߺҰȴôģֻҪħȫȥ޸ĽޣһƬǬҲǸߺҰˡ
Լżλ֪ÿһ棬ÿһطԼӳɳǸߺ롣
ʵߺдδйʲô룬ҲδйʲôҰģֻҪ˼壬Լļ˲ʱʱ̵̿ڱ˵Ĳٿ֮Ҳ͹ˡ
û뵽һȴߵڣһı֮УҰ֮С
ߺεҡҡͷҲ룬Ĳģİ̬ǿ͸ˣӢȴߵţĿ͸ˣҸô죿
д޵ıݣңԶʣһ۷·𿴴δֱ֮ɴڡ
ڣһ겻˾飬ȫ𣡡
µһ仰֮󣬸ߺȫˣܹ֮飬꣬Ҫԭء
ﶼɵģǰ
ԣֻҪڣͲҲΪʲôʹܹǣҲܲԭ
ִһоȫͬˣͨľǹ޷ת˾˼ϵˡ
ҲֻܴڽҲûǰһ˵ˡ
Ǹʱ򣬶ΪҲһΪҲһ֮ǣΪߣҲʲôӦΪʲôˡ
ǲ˼ڹֻΪĸһ㣬·
ûĴڣҲԶˣҲͻʹߺգҲ
ȻĻǰĶԲˣɣסҵ֮֮ʷ֮·ͨʱյͨ
ߺ˵Ȼȫȫˣڸߺ֮УСʯȻȫ飬׵뵽ߺ֮С
Ȼߺһ·һǳͨ·Ҳֻʮ׶ѡ
·᫲ƽʷһ洦Ѫս
ߺָ÷׵ȹȥȻ֣ǲߺһֱԼ뷨Ծ˹ȥ
е𶼸о꣬λֶιѪЩ̫ϷˣôҪʱ򣬾Ȼ档
ͷһᣬȴо˲ԾΪǵøߺӵʯģҪʯӦòô򵥵ģѵСȫƿʯˣ


941 
е˿Ÿߺˣомڹˣʱˣߺ档
Сӣǲȫʯ˵
ߺɼ򣺡²°¶ˣһ㽱Ʒģ
׵ߵ˱·һ룬ʱ˶еĲףȻ׵ǵǰȴˣڱ·ߵֻǻӰ
׵Ͳڴ˵һģǾ˵ԽԽԶˣ·̵ʱǺȻ֣׵Ȼˡ
𣬻ߣ㣬ǣߺԷ̰ı֪ˣԷѾԼѾȫʯ
ԵЩġ
ߺҡҡͷңͲعˡǸϿߣһֵܹһʱ̣
е뿪Ҫȥȴе㲻ңڸߺѾȫʯϽǱǿһЩˡ
ǼеҲֻܹǿ֮£ҪҪɱѲܡ
ǼǱħЩܵģǣµʯֵȥʱ򽻸ħɾֺˣ֪飬ǵɱɡ
ֲöħæȥûбʲô취ˣֻܹԼߵˡ
쿪ʼһǧһθٻȻݾ֡
ʯ
ڱչԵȵָһ׶νʱˣҲյϢ
Ϣ֮һϲŭ
ֱ̫ˣȻʯˣϿ콫֮ǸʲôˢԼ
ԵٵʱΪֹߺߣѾ֮˴ս
ԼԾǣԼȻ·ˣ˵ǣԴսʼһֱ·ս
ߺıȫڴʯֱ̫ǿˣټϵ˵Ļߺͱǿһߡ
ǽˮ¿ɲ˵ģټʯ֮е֮ÿһս͸оԼʶԺһ󣬶ҳʱԽԽˣԽԽˡ
õ֮ţǳ׵ʧˣԺҲָţֲµġ
ǻɫӰڰУôĿ죬һ죬Ҳ̫ˣñ㵲Աһ֮Ըˣ
ɫ԰ףȻѾɫĹɿϡĿͷϵ亹
ˣСӺˮǸһתѾǰǿˣټ϶ԷѾʯ쿪ʼ߶Ľ͡
һ˵һ߻ʱǲצӣŶͷϵ亹
ߺóѾɹǷǳŵģ൱ء
˵죬Ȼˣ㻹Ͽ˹ߺûнţпֵĽŰ
ǰִһһֱɸأԼǰ֮սûֵȥ
ƴʧȥ֮УԱǿ˺
ȻǿҲǿϢǧ꣬˺һԴ
ˣûȥħ֮ħΪ£֮ȥûа취ħ»ᱻɡ
Ժֱ˳˯ȥһǧ꣬û뵽ħħᷴһƬū۵ս֮С
Ȼ˺ħ壬ֻǳ˿һ죬ͨ˫·ܹһе۾֮е֪һС
Է·Щռķֱһʱգʱյǰƽͬһ̶ˮ۾ɨһЩħ塣
ңĲҪϧһдۣʹֶĵҲϧȻħħ幥ʮֵĲһУõʯɢ
ֻҪõʯͿĿʱ䣬ܹһʱ䣬ȹǧ¡
ǸʱͿԷħ½ħһƬֹħ棬е涼һƬ
СӣȻʯǾȥɣΪҵɣŸߺ̵һЦ˵
˵һߺץûνֻǼ򵥵һץߺ͸оԼĴһصӡסˡ
ģߺ˫΢У֮бɳͬӵһ˷ȥǾ޴Ӱ֮ȫ顣
һʼ棬治ôڣȻ˻֮ˣ룬Ҿתˣ
˵ţԼ֣ǣ־ȻӰʧˣûֶֻѣִֻӰʧˡ
漴ߺ֮иеҵʹ꺣֮гһֻɫĴ֣ôߺץס֮а
ʹǽ֮һ㣬Ӧñʹʹһٱ
ߺȫ̲סľ˫۷ףʹֱʹȥ
ǣߺ֪ԼܣԼʹȥˣǾ͵ˣͻ׸
ϲҪɱңģߺٴʹһУǣһлûйϣͼӴȡ
ʱ򣬸ߺŷʵ̫ѶԸˣڸߺ֪Ϊڵˮ𵽵жǿ
ֻߺҲ֮ʯҲǰװģһ껪ͳ׵Ľֻȥ
Ȼ𾪵ĿһԼ֣ԭͬһ
ͬƤһɿݣ𾪵Ŀ˸ߺһۣոΪ˾ɱߺǶԼʵ
ǳɳడȻĳɳ̶ֳȣʮ𰡣þΥĸо㲻֪Ա߻൱Ǳߵ൱һ𣬶Ҷǰģ㶮𣿡
ߺ֮ȻмƽϣէһǸеѡ
ǰ׵𣬵һȻˮˣʱ򣬱˵ˮˣߺȫĽ޷սʤ
ο˳ֵˮͬʱ֣
һˮֻɴͿȫڵĸߺܣ˵ˮˡ
ȫԶһˮʵ˵ֵˡ
ûпȻֻ֣һֻȫסߺĴһֻǿʼֳߺеĺ
ֻҪкڣߺܹ޵תҲֹֻܽԷĺȡȥС
ߺٴʹó껪ʯĴʱˣȻ־Ǵߺ껪ײȥ
껪ֻǽˣʣƲĽˡ


942 
ڸߺҲֻдѣжû̫ãֻб֮ģˮ²Ŷá
ǣԱ߻һ컢һߺʹóԼĴҲͿٵԼĴжԵС
ߺʩչͷŵϣܹϵֱ޼
ߺ֮еĺͬ˿һ㣬ߺ֮С
ģߺʶԽԽģˣΪٵ½û˺ߺҲͲ߱ʸˣΪʼıӦģҲʼԽԽ
ֱߺΪѾȫ䵽ƷߵΪˣ۷ľƷߣǰһ𾳽ˡ
ڵĸߺѾܳΪˣǣܹٴνԼ֮УǼرԭ֮ڣЩĺȫԼա
ʹߺҲܴ֮ǰǸʵˡ
ЩһĺôǿҲߺĺᲢۡ
ǿһĳ̶ȣɺʮɵġ
ڸߺǰˮ𣬺Ѿǿ󵽼ˣﵽ۳ɺĳ̶ˡ
϶ǳǿԸߺܹ۷壬ӳ۷ʵʵܹ֮ǰĽľᲢۡ
ɣ˵һߺȥ뽫ߺ飬ȻƬ֮Уʯ
û뵽ǣߺ꿪ʼʱ򣬾ںһƾҪӴߺ걾Դʱ򣬸ߺ֮УȻһµĺ
úִߺ걾Դߺ걾Դ֧ˣߺǾͳ׵군ˡ
Ǻ䵽˼£ٵĽֱֻˣʹ֮ƶ֡
ţ֮Դʵû뵽ˮתȻˮ֮ԴǱ˰˵ļ򵥣ȴ˰֣ɱߺ֮ԽԽˡ
˵֮ǰˮҪĿ֣ôڣߺҪȴǹһΣնɱҡ֮С
أȻҪõķȴǹֻнвȫɱǲõķء
ǣһߺضɱԶֻǷˡ
֪ʱΪʲôҪԱǸʱȻҲ࣬ȫһʼͼƻ˰ɣΪǸʱ㣬Ѿ÷ˡѾԱȴûɱ֮תҪĿ꣬뷽跨ĸıԼıԴܹķɣ
˵ͷͷǵߺͷȻĲ²⵽ҵ뷨ǲأ
ߺʣֻǿЦһеһУ֪û뵽ȴΪһħ壬Լ´Լȫ¶ں֮¡
˵ħıûħĻһеһУᰴˮļƻߺ³ڡ
е̫𽫻ͬʱعսֱ
ǧǰһսȻ˵ʧأǺǱߣʧһʵ
ΪԷûйûа취ȥ
ⷽͬܵˣлȪˣˣҲɹת
һȫǴ˳ܲǿ
ֻҪ֮һõ쵼ߣ׳Լһǵȸߺٴι֮ʱǾǺ֮ʱ
ǣһеһУħֶٵˡ
ǶԸħҲͰˣƫƫûжԸħ壬ֻŷչԼ
˵ûзչɹ޵ֻһЩѣЬ䣬ߺĸ㲻ףЩ굽ڸʲô
Լǰѡˣ˼ԱģͲӦа𣬻˵ԱģͲӦħ𣬶ǻ
ڸߺôʱѾʧ˵Ļ𣬾Ȼ³ڸߺǰڸߺĲԶ
ʲôƾڵʵ˵ˣ춼ߡԣôģʵʱն޷˺ѣ㵽ôġ
ߺĻ˵һ룬ڲԾˣǿͬġ
Ѿ̫ͬʱˣǿѾˣǷ׵ѾԽ˵Ļ
˵ڵĻѾȫв׵еһˡ
׵еһƴԼȫ޷ʱһ˿ĸı䣬ȴˣ⵽ζʲô
ˣΪʲôҵʮ֮е׵ģʹǲеҲֻЩһңǵ֮ɣʵʵ˵Ҹа𶼲磡
ǣֻǴĽǶ˵ΪҵǿĸͲ˳˳
һУߺ·ˣԼ˫ۣЩ;ĩ·ĸо
ԭһжֻΪһˣǼıУΪһ֮УһϸǿĴʲôıǼϸǴδ̫ϰɣԱߵĵһǿߣһң
ڣߺٲԱߵǿ֮һ̫ǰĻĻǸߺЩİ׻ˡ
ûҾ̫ϣ̫Ͼң㲻Ҫʵڴ˳֮˺һ֮һؾ磡
˵ţȫڿʼȫͷųһɼѹѹס˸ߺȫǿա
Ȼûл棬ǸߺȴоױȵȣԼ嶼Ҫڻˡ
ԭѾﵽֿµĳ̶ȣżʹˮҲֻһ߶ѣѾ˰ɣû뵽ǧ꣬Ȼһ˳ȥ쵼
ߺЦ˼ϵ֪һΣԼǱˣڣ̫ȫ룬ԼǻܹԼѾʹ˿ĳ̶ˡ
˵̫ȫһߵˣڵĸߺʵҲǴﵽǰĸ߶ȣôڵ෴ͻվڸߺϣΪձĴڡ
ˣ뽫һʹҰɣҵʵһ¥һҪ󵽡
˫΢У㣿ǲ̫ˣʯټ˿ɼıˡڲõĽҪԽңѲɣҪң
˵һ䣬˫ȻſĹâס
ǻٶ˵һ仰¾ҪĽ
ң򲻸ңҶģ̫ʱʼѾҶĿɱ£ؿɼ
ϻ̳ϿֵĹ£ϲԼͷϵ亹Ψһ֮½֮
ߣе֪֮ͲҪΧжˣʡĵʱûԼĺ۳ɺλãҪø


943 ֮һ
һеļƲھʵǰᱻɢʵҪߺε̾һûٸеʲô־壬ֻЩΡ
ؼ䣬Լǰļıʯеϣ
ɣҪɱ͸ϿɣѾȲˣںѵʱ򣬸ߺԴϣͷ˵Ѿˡ
ߺĲԼֻ֮ǰкܶûɣԼ˵ںв֮¡
ȻԼЩѣЩϤµȣǶΪһĿĴΪǸ롣
ԼһֱڱУ޵ԼĿҲֻбˣ۷塣
ûҪ˺˭ǱεȥɱЩˣΪǱ
һеΪʲôߺףΪʲôԼһССϣȴ˵ѵ۷壬ͲܹһߣҪ̤ڱ˵ʬϣһŬʯ
޳ɣѾ׼ˣѾûǿĸߺ֪ԼԸˡ
ˮΪ˽죬Ҳ֪ɱ˶гȡ۳̶ֳȣҪĳ̶ȡ
ԼҪĻҪأǸʱǲǻˮǿĴڣܹ˺ԼΪΪۺأ
ȻǲܵģҪеĻҲֻиߺˣʯ̳ǰˮ۵
ߺʵȱľʱ䣬ˮĺ뵽Լ֮еʱ䡣
ֻҪһȫԼıߺͻӵ˵ĺ˵ֱҲʲôˡ
ǣһеһУڽ죬ΪһССʧ㣬Ҳǻ𣬻Ϊˡ
ߺҲ֪ΪʲôԼ˵Ĵ㣬վȻᱻ֪һ
ڸߺңҪߺΪеʱǱһֱ֧ŷռħȴˡ
ռ֮еķͻȻӴȣǧʱȫסˡ
̫϶Ȼһ̧ܿȥֶħȻˣֻ𣬶ʮ֮ࡣ
ھǿߣ֮ЩѾԽˡ
ȻھԵĸ߶Էûг棬Ͼߵĸ߶ʵڱǱߵǿ̫ˡ

⣬ôܣħ֮еѲɶˣɫıˡ
ҲЩ֣ѵЩһ㳲ˣȻûô־壬ȻܵĿռȫˣһİյġ
ⱻʱ֮Уֻɫ䣬ȫ治ɫĿǰ
ʵʹеħʱգҲɱҪСĺķ񱨸
ȻһԱĻ˵ܹϾٶԱԿ˺ıԴ
һ죬ħûˣ˵ˣ˵ᱻпھͱ淴
Щħħ޷ܵģ²⣬ǹԼûʲôԱɣ
ߺһ¿ˮ̵ıˣô˵Ҳֻˣ䵽ħҲҲһ
ߣûΪڸߺֻ߼ΪҪΧ֮ӶߣǸͲܵġ
ڻ򶨣Щˡ
Ҫ˵ԷǿҲܱǿ̫ɣҲᲢۡ
Ըߺһ⣬Ǿк֣ιȫһ¡
̫һȫûѵ˵Էк֣
ߺԽԽɣȫʲô飬ֻǵĿŸߺֻҪ̻ʯܹս
ʱеڴԱʲôӰ죬ЩħķӦǼ˺Ҫ̻ߺġ
ߺȻ֪ʹ֪ҲԲ˵ЩʲôΪʵ̫ˣôҪ
ȻлһǵҲӵı壬ǵһȥڣǾҪʱ򣬽𽻳£
˵ĻǶ꣬Էħ֮УǴھԵ쵼λ
һҲҪ룬ߺ˵ټɣ
ߺεɼʾνöԷҪĻ;ѾȲˣʵ̫īˡ
ѾȲҪ𣿡ЦһͿʼߺˡ
ǣûȵ֣Ⱥħ徹ȻȶˣǺͷųһӡǣɢźɫħľ޴ӰռƬǿա
һ˲䣬ߺоȻˡ
ħȻ㣬Ǻþòˣѵǰ˺ûȡѵΪԼܹҽа𣿡
˿ѵһǰڽѵԼĺһ
ҿ̫ˣϵľȻûз֣ѾȫָԼʳҵԴͬɱԴв䣬ıˣ
˵ţһȥ
һֻ֣ԳǷ츲Ҳ˿ΪֻӶϵˡ
ܣ𶼲ܹᲢۣȻʩչԼĻҲ׵һ㡣
ǣҿǧˣħֻһӡǶѣһӡǾͿܣֱǳߺˡ
ȻߺҲһγ̫սǴʱ֮УˮսѾʱȫŪ֧ˡ
˵ս׼ҵʲô̶ȡ
Ȼ˵ʱĻǺΣյģʱô׾ͱƻġ
ʮԱȻܹȫһ磬Ҫƻʱô򵥵ġ
ȻսʱΪ˺²ƻһ磬ԼҲͳͳһƬʱյġ
ţɣģǻȦսһ
ʱȽʱջҪԿʱˮսж༤ҡ
˵һǧ֮ǰһδˮ𣬾⼸Եʡ
ߺģĴˮʲôģΪʱƣ˳ս
һƣͬķʽӭȥײһʱնʼˡ
ߺ֮սȻһֻӡǶѡ
ڸߺԵʱһž޴ĺɫ棬ɢǿҵħһ¾ͽߺΧסˣҴ͵ȥˡ
ߺٴεʱ򣬾ȻԼһƬɵģ˴ָоǸŨ򱶡
ҿɼҲǳĵͣߺоһ


944 ֮
ǣ֮ߺոԼƷ߼ĴȥǰִɫͷǿһٵĽԼĴܽһɶ
ֻһ̣ߺıȻΪ磬ܵĻ֮УȻܵĻ֮Ȼٴǿ
ô£ѲھȻĴڻ֮Уߺںǰļ䣬ڵļʶѾˡ
ʮôŨ֮ĵط˻֮֮Уûм
ܻ֮δĵط˻硣
Դ˵滹δγ֮ʱһƬ磬֮лγһʶǸʶȻ
Ҳְ֮һ磬ء
־γɣγɵĹ֮УȻȻĲһǡ
˵ڶǵʯǵˮ𣬿˵ĸߣҲֵܡ
ǺúദͲʲô֮ˡ
ǣƫƫҰļ֮࣬˯
ʼԼְ𣬿ʼĶԸʯˮҲսһֱڡ
̤֮ĵطνǲþºˡ
бףΪڻܹ֮ģĪǸߺߣܹп϶Ļ֮Ƿǳˡ
ҪʵĻ֮ǸߺʹǾƷߵ壬Ҳᱻ˲丯ʴܹĻҲֻиߺꡣ
ΪߺѾںʯʯʹڣҲ𼶵ķܿ
ʯԸ֮öһ˿Чġ
ܹĻиߺıߺıʯڴ⵽ߺ֮ˡ
˵ߺǱ͵ʵĻ֮УǣڸոձŲһ˲䣬ͻᱻ׵ʴ
ߺȻֲܹ𣬵ȴǲܣǴȷĻ൱ڻ˵ۣǾ൱ڼܻ˵ĵ
Ҫûܼ򵥣жϵԴͿˣҪ˳ʧҪǧȵĸҲ֮ȫʧ
ܿƾֹĻ֮ߺЩᣬǻ֮ÿһ˿ĸı䣬ߺľ͸źݺݵĲһ¡
ڸߺǺԼôѾ֪ϣˣԼĻ׵ˡ
ǺʵͻӣԼҪָʵǾͱ׵İһ֪Ҫɱ𣬲ܹ뵽Լ֮ǰ̶ֳȡ
һ£ߺǰ䣬ԼôŨĺ󲿷ȫΪԼ֮еǵʶԲŻôǿĺ
ϸߺֵĺˣˮɱռĺŴﵽֻܹܲһĳ̶ȡ
Ǵͷʼߺ֪Ҫɱ˵ȫʹǼҲûжġ
ǻһγɣ츲صı仯
ɽĺγɵģ壬һ꣬һ
Ϊ˵õڶ£һߺͻ˰̫ϣҲǻҲʮ֮ĺ
ʣʮ֮ĺֻʮ֮һһЩ£ʣʮ֮ȴ֪ȥˡ
ң̫ʱʼʵе
ȻߺһһȻ֪̫춼ʮԼ˺ôյġ
һƵĽҲ˵ܹʱصĿǡ
ҲԸܵһǾԴӼߺʼĲã˥һ㡣
˭ҲûΪʲôΪǲңеںһͷ֮ţֻҪһͷǾҪȫ
оȨıϣ־Ĵڡ

ͬҲǸߺ־ĴڣΪ֪֮еĿ϶᳤ʱĴڵġ
еƣĸı䲻ͬ״֮Ŀ϶ҲʱŶռСֱ֮Ŀ϶ʧĵطֻ϶
ǣߺȴƶˡ
ߺǻ֮Ҳల£֮ʼ̽ߺһ˿˿ߺƽ
ߺҲǺܴʮִ󷽵ġܿˡ
Ц֮ųдĿǣʹ𼶱ĴҲֻܹܴڵĻ֮ͥѣܼ򵥵ľͽ֮
Ȼˮ𣬷׵֮Ǵ֮ǿһЩпܵģ̶ֳȣҲܹԱǴӶݣȫƻ֮ǾƲܵġ
ǻ֮Ȼ˼άһ㣬һʼһգǷָߺԼײ֮󣬻֮ͳ׵ķˡ
ԭֻһ˿˿Ļ֮ǰ̽ߺָߺҶ֮󣬻֮ʼĹߺ
ܵĻ֮ʼߺƽߺԭԶܣǿռ侹Ȼߺضûˡ
ߺԽԽѲɣ𣿲֪ڼرԭ֮еǣûгɹĳΪ𣡡
ǶΪĻһԼҲԼˡ
ȻߺһȻĻԼǰ̣ԼֵܺŮһĻء
뵽⣬ߺ˶þʼóڼرԭ֮еʼ׼յʱȴ֣ƽĻ֮Ȼһ˲俪ʼ
ͺ񿴵Լһĸ˳ӣʵۿһ̲סŭ
ߺոóǻ֮һ˲Ͱˣ뿪ʱ֮ѾʧӰˡ
ǣ뿪Ļ֮ҲɢһЩȻǻ֮Уʹ˺ҲʧһЩ
˵ӾոĻ֮ǵҵĻǸոտĻͬһطǸʮ֮ϵŨȡ
ʵĻ֮ǰ֮𼶣֮߼
ȻҲһȷ˵Щ֮߾ͿԶԸˣʹ˺ܶĻ֮߶ûȥԸ
ǣߺȴоĲͬӱϣǻ֮ʼ仯ˡ
ߺͽӴ֮ԭʯнӴģȻǴĻ֮
һЩʲô뵽˻֮УղγֻɵĻ֮
ߺ֪Ǽ֮ʲôĺ֣ϻ֮κ϶
ߺ취һǿĵڤ֦ǻ֮Уոսȥǵڤ֦Ȼʧһɶȫʧɾˡ


945 ĺ
ߺһлЩοģϾҲһЩƤëĻͬڵĵ֮
̺һ˿ϾͬͬԴӦܹоһǻ֮ɡ
ߺֿһ仹ûȫӶݵĻ֮ԼȫıתԼָ֮ϡ
޵Ļ֮ոտʱ򣬸ߺָıߵıһ˲⵽ɡ
ǣߺıȻʾڸߺ֮£Ȼʼ˷ˣͬһʼڸߺָת
ıǻ֮澹Ȼʼһ֮꣬澹Ȼꡣ
ʲôͺñҽ֮ͻأһһ𺧡
ߺҵЦĻҵΪ̵ͨδ·ɣ
ûн飬֪ͨڼرԭ֮еˣ˭ҲûиߣһЩһǵ÷˲ɡ
֪ǰ·ҲҪߺһ߹
ⲻǸߺҪģոЩԼͻ𾳽硣
û뵽ǣЩ֮ԺķӦȻôֻܹԼıЩ
ܶǻ֮ߺҪӿмȡӡָԼıȻô򵥵ġ
ܶǻ֮Ҫ˵֮ĻǾֻлӡǣ붼ˡ
Ҳ˵ڿʼߺҪԼִ֮ıֿסǿĻֱ֮رԭеЩǣһͻƳΪôҾİȫˡ
ߺҲûʯһͨδͬǸȥʷ·
ǣߺôôĻʧܣ͵ȫûˡ
ʱĿƣǸߺ֤ΪһڣߺȫͲô
ΪߣʯѾǷѾĻˣôĻһʧܣҪõ²ܹĬĬ
ߺڿʱٵȻҲЩͣ£ߺɻΪǧʱ䡣
Ȼ֮ǰߺʱµ꣬ԶǸߺǵ
ԼӣǿɶǺԼȵתټϸߺѾǰļ䣬ӡס֮󣬴˵֮С
ߺţǵĲܣʹԼҲܹǧʱ֮ڣͻƳ
Ҫ֪֮ǰĸߺȻˮİǴ߳ɾǿߣߺҲֻ˲һǧʱ䡣
۷ˣ˵Ѿȸߺǿˡ
ǧʱ䣬Ҳ޷Ϊ𼶵ĴڣǸߺû취ˣԸɥڻ֮С
ΪʵǳȥҲӲȥ֮ࡣ
ʹߺһΣҲڶˣߺ־˶ڶˣʹǶô˺ѷΡ
ҪĻڻ֮Уٵȥ
֮ǿ˿ֻ֪ӴˣŻ֮ж£ٶֶ졣
ߺţʹ֮±ٶҲˣǺƾ֦֣Ҳǻºۼġ
֪֮ΪʲôôĹܣٶȵȷߺզࡣ
֮ǳĴ˵˿ڲδԿռ仹ʮֵģ߶޷ʱƿ
ʹߺƿռ䣬ҲϲóȻƿʱȥĵط˭֪ܹһ˵Ļ϶ڶԶ֮⡣
ߺȫԼȥ̽ռ䣬л֮ڣǸߺҲûа취صĻ֮̽鵽֮еĴڡ
ﰲȫߺͿԽ߾ܣԼеı֮δϣȫڴˣʹҲϧ
Ǹߺļ֣ʱţǻ֮ʼһĶԸߺй
ߺҲԼıѾԵķأԼĻ֮ĶᣬߺһǾǼ¡
ԼǾϣΪǸߺյĿġ
ߺıֻһ£Ϳʼݽˣֳ׵ĿݽߣߺΪ˼ס⼸µʱ䣬Դˡ
Դ൱Դһ൱һʵĸ壬ߺ֮ǰͷųĴ൱ĸȥķ֧
ͺһ۹֮еĻʵһ塣
ʵһȻѪϵǻ岻ܹʵһʵһȴԴ塣
ȫˣֻҪлʵһڣ۹ĽɽԶݣ嶼ڣʵһȴˣ۹Ҳߵ˾ͷ
ԴԴһȫˣʵһֻҪʵһ𣬵۹ƣһлǿͷġ
ǣʵһûˣôɱ齨۹Ҳʵһˣˡ
ԴõһЩͻ᳷ʧһЩҪ¿ޣĻָģѶȲ൱ڵ侳硣
ȴͬõ֮󣬾ǱԴڣǾ绹ڣʧֻǵʱѣֻҪָˡ
ָر𰡣õʱҲǾͬġ
Ա˺Դһ׶Σʼղҳˮǰҡ
Ҳˮȵķչʱ䣬ĵֻǶԷˮ粻֪ڶ೤ʱ֮ǰͱ׵ˡ
ߺõľԼıԴΪߺˣʹԼıҲֵֻס֮
ڸߺѾֲ֪ٸˣǻ֮ʴɵġ
ߺһѾɿݹˣһֱҲ˿ݹǣǻ֮ϣѾֳ˼ߡ
֮⣬ߺȫһƬѪģ֮ʴͬߵһֻǰߵ֮İѪ
ߺһۿԼѪҺʱ̾һǰѪڵ֣
ߺĴΪȻԭΣΪڣڸߺǱѩǡ
ɵ壬һĹͷӨ͸ͬߺһͷԿ֮һ˿õġ
ԴʱõڤĻָģڵڤѾˣߺǴδ
͸ԼֵѣŮѾǱչصĲԶ˼öѹǰָĻôڤӦʶӦðɡ
Щ͸δġ
ߺڻָʱ򣬼ܹ꣬Ʒֱֱ߼ߡ
ԣԴʱ򣬸ߺʼ͸֧Լ
ߺ۷ߣѾǧ겻𣬼ʹ£ҲΡ
ǣߺȴʵʵڵ֮˼ʱ䣬ûгһǧˣ˵ǧˡ
ǺƾõģֻģߺƤʼ仯ԭŮ˼ʵϾƤͰ͵ģͬѾ˶ĿƤ


946 ӳ
ߺɾʱȻ̣ܶڷҲֻ꣬ˡ
ԵߺʧʱҲʼʧҲʼıɳĺӦеӣ˵Ǳԭӡ
ߺͷıף֮ǰӨӨɫǸɿݵİɫûһ
ڵĸߺȫһӣ˵ȫߺˣһͨˣֻڲֻʣһͷ­ġ
ҺڸߺѾԼĲ֮Ѿ뵽Լ֮Уڸߺֻʣһͷ­ǿԴȥĻ
ǣߺȴԼͷ­ٵΪǸط꣬ǣֻ࣬Ҫ꺣ȫǾ֤ߺȫˡ
˵ߺ൱ڸߺ壬ǸߺĻ꺣൱ڸߺ꣬Ȼ궼ˣȻûʲôôˡ
ΪʲôߺԼͷ­ܵ˵ԵʣʱŹȥˣߺΪѾһ¡
Ǵκ̶ĵطҪ
Ǹʱ򣬸ߺǸ߽ߣڣߺΪȴֻ磬ֻڵֿǻ֮
ڣߺҲֻֿס¶ѣߺȴѾõĲˡ
£ٰµʱ䣬ߺĿʼˣ֪ڼرԭе˵ôˣû˳ɹˡ
ڸߺѾݽߣһĵز
¾ڱߺߺҲ޷ָ˰ɣ״̬ߺΪԼǿ֧ʮ꣬
ǳ׵ĻɢתĻᶼûС
ߺΪ˱Լ͸֧ļֱ̫ˣѾ绯˵ĸż᲻ɴݣֻҪĻͻ᳷ڡ
ǺǣѲҪҰϹͷҲƴ𣿡ߺǲϵĿЦϵнľһˡ
ڸߺ㣬Լ֮еȫһ֮еľȫʱ򣬸ߺҲûʲôˡ
Ͳû֮ɱߺͻЩȫʹ꣬ʧʱ򣬸ߺͻ᳹ʧ䡣
ߺѾںˣںǣŮ׳ɹûĪҪԼ׷Ѱ
ѾˣǲҲֻʮûκʲôϣˡ
ڸߺԼ֮еľñʱ򣬸ߺ֮У˶һɹǿϢߺű
Ǻǣڳɹˣûйҵϣһɹ֮أ
˵ţߺһеȫͷųǸߺŮҲڸߺԤ֮С
ǣߺѾʧȥе͸ܲΪϢ˭
ȻԼŮȽģǱϾǿܻңǸʱǾͻ᳹ʧǰ档
ڿǰļȻҵˣԼĶӣԼ
ҿףģߺ˵쳾ǰڣǳʱ򣬶ǱԸߺ˿ûзָߺڵģ
ǳӭٵģû뵽ոճһɷǳǿѹӭҪɱ⡣
ҿѾɹͻƵĸ֪̽鵽ǰΣգԼĴǰĻ֮
ߺǳһո˵û뵽쳾һ䣺ҿס
Ҫƽߺƿڴˣ˵ʲô̬ȣʲôҿףң
ǽոߺȴûôΪģ򲻹ˡ˵һҳӣԼҳδ
˵ˣߺûٶˣҪ廹ܹǿ֮УһĲ˵ˡ
ǻ֮ɣ磬طǸֹأҺһܳΣиףͶ磬ֻǸʱǵֺһ
˵Ǹգ֮ǰһǣѾ۵СѾͷһ֣ͤͤ˴˵ĳŮˡ
Ӷ֮ǰø˵ζˣӳˣ˫֮˸ų˵ĳ䡣
쳾ЩΪи룬ЩɵĸоϾЩߺڣȫСŶӵľߡ
縸һµҲֳˣη廹ڸߺ֮ϣϾߺ겻ڼңͬӣҲû棬˵ѵˡ
һˣ򰡣СһСʱ򣬾ôġ
˵ߺǲ£ңɼǸЩ߻ʵԶ˼
ߺĿǰ꣬ٵ־ߺоοȻ֪ǶתͬʱҲԼ׹Ⱑ
ֻϧǣԼûа취ǴδСһ֣Ȼǳˣԭ֮Ҫһ£Ҫ֪ǵϢȡֵġ
ڿȫܵˣԼһΣҪڴˡ
СһȵԼǿһЩԼˮΪԼΪһ죬ĸԼһУԼͬһ
Сһȴ˵ͬһΣǰļεķ𣬶ǵ걾ġ
ǣĲһҲͷĽе鶼ˣߺ̾һ˵
ڻ֮УĳͷܴԽ磬ǵҲûа취ȹ١
ߺطٹһ£ʱĻҲһƴ֮
˵ʵǿһزʱȻȻҲͲ߶ˣҲܹԼĴڵĵط
ǣߺĻո˵쳾б˹°ͣѧŸߺӣɵ˵
˵Ϲ㵽˭ôûм㣿У㿴һ˧𣿡
쳾ڵ֮ǰĸߺˣ쳾ߺа˷ֵƣϸߺľ䶯ֱǸߺ
ߺΪأ˼ɵ÷ԶǸһԼԼǶôķⰡ
ʵ˼ٶ˾껪ԵǧŮû뵽աԼȻµʱ֮оͱȫĴԭΡ
ǺǿЦһѾûĲصĻε£ҲҴȵĶͬҶһȻ״
ʱҲתˣߺһ˲䣬ǸߴٷֱߺĶĤˡ
ߺⱣ˽µԴûб֮𻵣ͷȴԼĶŮˡ
ɵĿһ۸ߺ㣬ܸоЩϤǰǡ
ߺ˰֣Ǹ֦Ħ˵ҾͲ˵ˣرԭеĶǵֵܣԺҪúñǣǵĳɾͲ̫ͣ
ȥ֮Ѱҷ׵֣ǣ̫ϣԺҪǵĻ


947 
ԽԽоԾֲԤӣԼʲôҪ˾Ҫ뿪ˡ
ǰߺ֮ǰļ¶ѯʸߺŵ֪ǸʱߺжΣա
ĵǣǰ˶ǵϵ֪̫ˣߺ֪֪ߺ֪Ҳ֪˵ͺ˵һ
мٵתǻ֮Լԭڸ׵ļرԭ֮󣬾ͷûԼ׵ӰӣȻֻһĺվ
˵Էͨ˰ɣԷȻֻʣһͷ­˵һ겨Ҫ˵ԷѰ˰ɣƫƫÿһʱȥټ϶ԷǾƷ塭
ڵĸߺ̫СԼĶˣԭԼһЩҪϢȻαװԼˣǹʮΪ
ʱЩһﶼΪˣʱԼĬĬȥ֪һ죬ԼѾˣ˸Ҳܹ嵭ܶࡣ
ټз׵Ҳܹסǣô˵ǶǸߺʦ֣Ӹ뻹ǵġ
ԾȻﲻ֪ϲ˵ţ׵磬ǸߺСӵʦ֣ǣǵĻһҪ
֪ɣԱ֣һ죬ʮֵǿ󣬵ڶ̫ϣ̫ϣֻҪһ˵ǾͶˡ
סˣȥ֮ǧҪͷ׵ϵȥܾܶͶܣºܾܿҪˣ
֮⣬㸸׻һͽܣͽܰɣֵͦЦģˣ˵ʵʮֵǿǱҲţӦ𾳽˰ɣ
ڷ֪Ժʲô֣֮һ֧ǿĹ£ӦҲǳǿлĻǳΪɣȻսķô㸸ʵʵ̵ģӦҲܹһɣȺ幥Ǹǿ󣬾Ͳ˵ˡ
ߺԽ˵Խòģӿǵ˫УѾһˮ
ȻûֱӸ룬¸ʹʲôػеһȫ
ڵĸߺɲ¶ԷԼе֪ʲôڵı˵ʹÿػˣǱôײһ£ͻᱻ׵
ڸߺĲ˵͵˵ߺУرԭ֮лһɺͽء
Ϊˣߺ˲Źء
ߺ˵ţȻǰۣ˫ĿѾǽɫˣǳɫģһĴܲסתܵĻ֮
ǰҸ׻ΪǣǸν̫˰ɣΣоͽľǺǣǲТȻø׵ɾڵԼ̤Ÿ׵Ѫɵĵ·֮·
˵ţȻߺһͬըףһȥ֮еĽͬһֱ֮ûֳ֮ݣһһһ
֮˲ͷˣǵͬ뺣һһƬĻ֮ȫˡ
ףס
⶯ӵľǲһߺĳԼѾһУ̧ͷȵĿŸ롣
ԽҲǼ죬޲ԼԴԼҲ̫ˣ˵࣬˵ˣȻܴ⻰淢һС
쳾ûӣԼϴΪǰͷʲôǵء
첲ߣӾͶŸߺˣͷԻǱȽϺõģ·ʲôҲ˵ʲôֻһȰ쳾
뷢ˣԼСԼϵأŭȥͶŸ쳾һȭͷ
ȻȭͷûʲôǱϾȭȭ⣬Ѹ۵İ
Ÿ쳾ôܲ𣿼ʹôܹ֣˵ֿȭˡ
쵰ҰѷҲϵѵТĶӣʲôʱҶϵˣǻǰɣҪ췴
ﲻɾҽͳ׵Ľѵһ£
쳾ûʲôֻ֪ԼϸķŭˣֻԼ壬ƾԼĴԼȭߵġ
ǸյŮӣϸеĻУֻоһתǰֻʣһͷ­ĸߺֹסĬĬ
ôأΪʲô֣˭İ˵նӿ
Ǳߵ쳾֪ô£壬̽ԴأôˣôˣǲǱߵǸϻ쵰˵ʲôˣ
һ仰ǳ˱ŭҲʲôŮˣ̧ȣԼŵĸһߡ
㻹ϻ쵰ϻ쵰ʲôС쵰һС쵰
ߺоͦ˵ģڿôоôأٲɼ˼Լϻ쵰ˡ
Ǳ쳾ѾεС쵰ˣⷴҲһİӶС쵰ˣӳʲôˣ
ڣ쳾ԴĿˣڲΪʲôԼϸöԼˡ
úãúããôһ㶼ۣеȻ˽еҪ󣬶Ҹߺôеˣıء
Ҫ쳾޶ĻԼˣת
ߺС㻹ǰɣҽеôգˣô죬ڷ֣˹Ȼһô֮ǰûзء
մŽҲ֣ˣҲˣҲ̫һɣ
쳾վʱͲôˣͷƵˣأ
ߺסҡͷ⻹أǸСʦܵƤȣ̫ԶˣǵҲûнǿƤƤǲ񣬵
쳾ͷǣףһŬģ
ߺͷӿɽҲᣬһϰҸ
ԺҲѧѧ԰ʲôģץסˣ͵޹һҲ£ˣˣåϷһС쳾ĲҽУߺϲ˵ţҲ֪ûȥ
˵ǶôˣҲ֪һ㣡󣬸ߺѵǰˡ
쳾ûƤû̧ͷǣǣ£
һ仰ߺֺˣҵǰɣᣡ
ͷҡĸ˹ƵģУ̫ˣһƤ湻񣡡

ߺĬһЦҡҡͷǼСһﰡһ°ɣǵʦʦ֮ܶ󣬾Ͷ߰ɣϢӵ֣ɣҲǸһ㲹ɣ
˵űԼ˫۲˵ˣСһȴĬĬĲˣ
еķŭȴǿֱ죬Թ뱯˳ǵļ䡣
ˮһεε£֮УγһƬƬ꣬ɫҺɫɫʯӻ֮УٵĻ


948 ǧ
ʱţԽԽ˴Ӹߺ֮гѾΪˣӦʮָ˵顣
ǣߺ֮һǶ㴷أӦҵ֣գʲôƣֻһֱƢ
ߺӣŭɣͳȥҺƴȻǸνĻ
ҺñסˣڵѾˣԳƾʱʱ̺̿оһӰܲơ
ԷǾǾ岻ͬĴȡ侫ȥɶɵģͬһִ
ھĸִȴн֮ȫУĸߺϵĵͷ
Լûпˣ˵ʵߺ𾪣ȻܹںϾֲͬĴһµĴ
ǿִѾ֮ˣߺǺ֪ľǿ
Ƿǳǿ󣬵ȴͶںԳνǺһĵһ
磬Ҳǵ
ͷȮȻ𣬵̫ɢЩ׵ĸоԱͷȮһ徹ȻûκεֻǱѡ
ǶͲκҲûκ
ޣȻֻһģҲò˵޵ıˡ
޺㲻ĺҲܹ֮У˳ĳΪ
û˻֪֮ǿǶôǿ޺ȫֵܹϵˮҲܹͥһ
һ֮еҲôҵΪŰɱĶ
ǣǵıһһңҲͳΪ֮еĵһ⣬ôʱʱ̵̿Ҫ¡
Ǹʱһ岻ǱȫˣǱ׵ūˡ
ҲΪʲôͷȮ壬һΪ˹һң䣬ΪһĴڡ
ʵΪ˱ȫ壬ֻЩ̫ԴˣһʼļͶھȻͶ޶
෴δӴģȴĲصˣټԼֵܸߺ죬Ҫ
գߺ˹ģҲþ˺ѷΣֹϵϡ
֮º󣬿ʼķˣصߺľѣصĲǱˣǸߺͽħ
Ǹ壬֮ܵĻ֮ϣȫһ㺮ǾǿıȻߺͬҲԶǱȴѷɫ
Ѿȫ̳иߺ²Ϊڶˡ
ǵߺ֮ħȻıңһ𾪷ԲǧĻ纣
ģĵطʼ˱շԲǧһƬ磬޻֮
ǣߺЩȵǣǺ֮УȻħ죬𾪲ѣɢĸߺϴˣΪǰվŵĲԼͽܶħ塣
ʦΪҵˣµ˿мΪ֮ģʦԸô࣬еȴû֪ģһʲô磿
ߣƲϣթɫȴӵиȨȨΪΪӦûٵˣȫٵ
Ϊħ½Կ𣡡
ߺһĴ㵣ȻˣǸߺȴûʵ
õ磬ЩȴǱȵҪնʮ׶˼䣬ɾһ˼
ǵ֮һգѾñ磬Ϊʲôܴڡ
Ϊϲ߱ȱȽǣΪʦ飬ҲżʣԹԹۣȴһվ˹ı䣬ůһ˲ȫΪ˵Į
һƬѾñ磬Ƭ˵Ѿһֵزˡ
Ƿ⽨һ㣬ʱḯ࣬ڲʼࡣ
̫ˣͲϧǣӦеһлΪ㣬һд㿪ʼɡ
ߺû˵ʲôΪԼͽȻЩƫǲò˵ǶԵģûдġ
ħǱħħħ壬ֻΪɱ¾ɱ¾ΪԼ˽ռ
ħȴΪĻȻϧħΪħ
ˣһѾΪ𣬾ʹȥɣĻ֮аȥɣɢڴڴˣ
ף磡ʦ𣿣е˶𾪵ĿŸߺ֪ߺΪʲôѲɲ֪֮жΣ
Ȼе˶ѾɹˣǻϽȥ𶼲ҶĻ֮ߺȻô
ףǴȥɣʱ취ָ
뵽ڻû̽ߺΪߺ֮ģֻľѣ겢ûܵĴˡ
ߺεҡҡͷԼ֪Լ£ǿʯѾˣҽ֮ǰǺѾȡˣʱ߼Ѿ;ĩ·ˣ
֮Ѿ޷޷ת½Եľǳ׵˰ɡ
֮࣬ȴǸжŭоԼȫҪŭΧˡ
֮ҪߺΪԼȣȴ֮£Կߺµ׳˶ٷ˵˺
߰ɣ뾲ߺĬĬİ˰֣ʾȫߡ
쳾֮࣬ĵ˵ϰģһѾҹ
ߺ㵵ʵ˭
㲻˵뾲Ҿ磬ҲһҪɸԸ
ߺˣӹ
Ȼ˼ԣǻ޷ıߺ˼룬һ˾һ£Լ·̡
ȻģʵڵвߺĿధֻܹ֣ڸߺһ֡
ߺȴ֣ٴγȥ˻ţĿ⿴ƻǵĻ֮ʵȴϾԼΧ
ҲǸߺɡ
˺ˣһͷŸߺǹִӰƾվ֮УԶᱻս
еߺ󣬸ߺȴе˴еɣǷеİ
Ȼû˸ߺǻۣǸߺԼλʦ֣ǵǻۿ˿ԼһǾγ֮ţ֮ߡ
Ҫ˵ıƣߺʱȲͳҲ޷ȣα޷ȣǻ޷ȡ
ǣһһ˵ıȣ˷ֿ֮ÿһ˶ԼĶ֡
֮Ŀʼߺ˵ǿĴڣֵ֮˽¡
ߺȫΧߺоԼǱһĹͷȻôʧˣÿһεʹߺ·һһ
ߺֻʣһͷ­ʱ򣬸ߺоԼѾǧΣÿһľ


949 
󣬵ߺĻ꺣ʧֻʣ¸ߺʱ򣬸ߺڵҲܹˣꡣ
˵궼磬ҪȽϵĻǾǻδӤꡣ
ֻҪһͿ˲ﵽɢĽֻ
ߺڻ֮ʱȴҲ˾޴ı仯仯ڲΪԴӱ֮󣬾Ҳûлص
̫ϢȻһ˲䲻ɣ˶ûгȥʸμӶ֮սˣ֪Ϣ
ΪϢı˻ûκαŭķӦ
ǱȽˣԭһ˵ģϢȥҷ׵ȥ˽ˡ
ⲻ˽⻹ãһ˽⻹һ
ԭߺһ֮󣬺ͷ˲Ծڸովȸߺʱ˻֮Ĳ
ȻתĿŻ˵һֵĻ㣿
쳤Цû뵽Ǳ꣬㷢ˣֻ㷢ֵˣ
ڵѾʴ㣿
𣺡㵽СˣЩһֱϷʵܶʱѾˮǸʱ֮Ѿ͸ҵĺ֮еĺ־ҲϵĺеĺҶûзŹ۳ɹһ
˵ôоǴҹȥʱ򣬾ͷһǿ߸Žħ棬ˣ
𣺡ûңǧ۳˵ڶΪħˣƺǸʱħڱչءԼڴһСΣȻǲϵַڳɹ۳˵
͡ңħԴˣҪȻĻҲǸ©
˵ţЦ鲼棬˶
漴־ȻˣͲüͳɹһ֮˺ִǾ˽֪
Ӵ̫ϳΪ˾ĶȻѵȴɹĴ궼ûɵ
̫˵оͳӢۣԴĶڡ
ͬ죬ΪڸߺȿУԼʹ֪ˣҲбʲôӦ
ˣ̫ϻɹ̻ħ壬ħԹԵĻصԼ棬ӴħвҲˡ
̫ϻˣħ屻̫Ȱˣ̫ϻ˵Ϊĵľǣһ޶

е˶˳˼û뵽Ȼͣ˾Ȱ
֮໹ԹޣûлķѵĻߺͲ³
ԺһвһҲΣ
˵֮ǰûлٵҲʹĿĲǵĻ
ǻûаȫĽɱĻľ
ǾԼʵָ߽ʵΨһɱռݶԷĺ۳ɺ
ߵķ׵ĸ˵ĺȫܹ۳ɲһС
һٵܹٴ۳ɽһ
ĵĻǲҲܹˣûġ
ϻ˺ʵǼĵȫûġ
ʱ򣬸ŽʮλˣһһĴܹ֮ˡ
Ȼûа취֮ǰʮᲢۣҲԶˣǽ룬쳾ľա
ʵѾﵽ֮ǰǸʵҲ˵֮ǰʮ֮Уʵҡ
⻹ȫûпԼʵӦñǰҪǿһЩô˵Ҳܹ׵ĵز
ЩǿһЩĻ˵ֿܵסϮء
ⲻĵģôҪһЩʱ䣬֮⣬һҪģǾǱߺ
ߺʵԭͺͷ׵𲢼һԸһߣټǳģ̺ı˵Щ˲ֿܹĹ˵ܹϮء
ǣ˵ʱ˵ͷˣһɱ˵ķΧΧסеˡ
ǵĸףֻʣʮˣڵѾһͨͨͨˣ
˵仰ʱ򣬸оԼڵѪһĸоסؿڣʵ˵
Ϣ֮󣬵𲻽Ӱһ㱣ԣԣߺСһģСһǸҿЦɣ
Ҫ˵֮У˭ԸߺĸǾͷ׵Īˡ
׵ߺĽӴҲ˽ߺǵߺദ˺ܳʱ䣬ѾԸߺֵܵĸо
ǣȴ˸ιֵҪˣҾҲȲֻܸɵˡ
ڵ˵仰ʱһȭͷȴˣֵ
ģһ㣬СȻЩΪĶӻֻ㣬ǿЦİɣ
˵ԼˣȻߺʶʱ̣ܶǴԼǷ֮ټǰļ䣬ȴĽߺΪֵˡ
˵һ룬ȻԼϣԼֵܾȻˣôˡ
û˵ƽʱǺĺӣ˵ףȴЩʵĸоͷö϶Ļʵ
ǡ˭á𣿺Ҫһ䣬֮һըף򶼱һŭըˡ
λˣϢһʱ𣬲ʱԡ
𼸺һɲ̧ͷɺ۾ڿƮ彥ʧֻʣһ˫ɺϢ˵ϢֵǺϢ
һƮ·еķһڿĴƮֹͣʱǸ˵˷˳ȥ
ؿһķۣѪ
ҺãһʱΪǸһﵲһ£ȻĻǸһѾ绯ˡ
һεˮڶԷؿγһܵ״һ
飬ֱ˵ɣ˵ʲôϢʲôˣ𻰵ĸͷֲԼĸҪԼλʦġ
Ȼʵǿᣬÿһ˵ص㶼һעش֣е˶޷ȵġ
ģϢûǷ֮ĴεڴϢȻҺѾˣ


950 ֮ʿ
󣬻ҵ˺ȴûгɹ֮ȺľȻߵһӣ
Ϣ֮˾Ȼһֹ뷨ҿû
ֱһΪص뷨ߣȻҪ־
ֱЩɥĲˣڹһʱ򣬲ǷģͶģ֮ǶӲˡ
Ƕᱻ鴤գ⻹ǷŵһߣΪԼʵҲ֮С
ϾǻΪԼʵԥôġ
ǣ˾øֲǣὫֵ꣬ڻûɢʱҲ˵ʶʱо׽̻
һûҪͶˣϢ֮Ͷ˼ͱ׵Ĵˡ
ʲôЦǵֿܹٶһȥͶĻȴûʲôֱˡ
ԷôĿģû˻֪Ǿ߷׵²⣬ԷһõĳԷȻùġ
ĸ׵ʲôطˮļ䣬ļʶνһӴϿ⣬ǲ֪Ķ˵ĸ׻֪
˼һ£ȻȻڵ
е𶼾ϣµǿ󣬾µԼ֪ķʽĻһ˿֮ûˡ
һ£ԭǶȻڣԼǻǹ
ȻԶ֪ƾʲôӵжǿ
ǣڵԷڰԼֻǿԼȻԷôʵ
Ǵһʵ֪һʱʱ򵽵Ӧô
ҲȻڵҲȻڵٶȣҲк
֪Ļ˵ʱܹӦһ£֪ĻĴʩ˵ˡ
˼ٶȣԼȴڷϼӴ󹦷Ĳ춼Ѱ
ҵĸסҲ֪ڻ֮УǳʱȻסǸط˭ϻ֮Уÿһطһģ޴Ӽ𣡡
֮ʱ򣬷׵֪ûлˣڻ֮мסһطѶȲڴ֮мסһһ
Ϊ֮ʱƶطģһطʱƶģ֮Ƿǳȶġ
Ǽסһط˵ʱ֮Ǹطƶ֮
˵ˣڣҲܹǵסһطһطλ
ֻдﵽޣܹڻ֮ѰҵĳһطҲڻ֮ȥ磬Ȼ뵽֮ʹҲǷǳΣյġ
˵׵صĻÿ֮жеһ׵أǾǻ֮ÿһ涼еĵط
Ӧô죿еֹסʼЩˣ׵ҡҡͷԣ־磬Ƕ˺
ʹǺҲ޵ģȻԷô¾ٻ꣬Ϊʲôɡ
ǲԣǿǾͲͬˡ
ڶ֣ߣҲԥɱǣԵеǿߣǶԷǿԼҲܹʧš
ߣû뵽ҾȻȵļö֣֮Ҳֻ쵼ײ㣬ˣ
е˶֪ôʱһͻأĳǿ֮У˵ľ衣
׵˻࿴һۣ˵ͷû뵽úȻȵֵز˰̻Ҫڳָ̬ѲɾΪ𣿡
ˣ˶һվֵĿܣӦĴڡ
УΪеĴۡ
˵ߺˣһĪĻߺҲڵ䵽߾磬Ϊ˱ǣ֮ʴǸӡ
Ŷû뵽ʱλ֮лҪɱߣǲʹʵҲԲ־ɱģСǲ֪ǻڸʲô𣿡
˵ȻǸˣ˶ԺĺѾﵽһֽ׶ˣ޲ʳ⣬ǡ
ȵĶһӣʾĪҪ
ʱ򣬷俪ڵǸǰΪأΪԼˣڴ˵أǰﳰİɡ
ǡҪɵǵĺ˻ָԼ
ӰڴӰ˳Ŀһ۷׵ĵ˵ͷǵǻҾȣû뵽˵ĵˮ©ҾУвˮ𣬱ֿˣһսڻеϣģ
˶仰ʲô˼ǲͲ
ߺԷǻۣԼҲǰ߳һߡ
ֹͬԸǲЩˣǵĿǰûнŲɽ⿪ĳޣߣȺ
˵ˬ죬ڵĻΪѾﵽ۷徳ˣһԵ϶ԷûȡʤĿܣֻ֣һ
Ļø쳾ЩͬƾʲôҪģǿȥĵطħȥһ°ﻹһȥʰ
һЦ˶˵Ӣ۶úӴȴƫƫôһǧ꿪ʼħ֣˯Ϊ˳ƿ֮Уȴûħ壬ΪĻô𣿡
˶ȥһ⣬ձ˳е˶òʼ˼⡣
Ȼǵˣ˵һûС
ΨһܣѾͶħħЭ飬ĿľպɣħܵõʲôôǾֻ֪ˣ
Ȼ˵ˣҪԵʼ󵨲²⣬뷨ҲǺе뷨
ϧһУҲҪϡ
߲ͬʱܹ뿪棬ʱҲԲܹ̫ȻĻɢ
Ȼһе֮󣬾ͻȫͬˣԴǸطǸطΪڶ֮
ǺãǾʱˣȻ֮ҲҪиԵԼɣ֮ʿԼΣ
Լ֮ǿԼǻԼ걾ԴӡǣںһֻҪһΥԣ˫걾Դ˲䱻
ԵĹģʮֵӴߣλ𣬶ԷȻֻˣȴ죬һǿڷ׵Ȼ֮ǿôһЩ


951 
ߺڻ֮УоԼļ䣬ȻŻ֮룬ߺļ侹Ȼʼʧˡ
еĻ棬ʼӸߺļ֮һʧˣʼٵص
ЩŹȥĻ棬ߺȻô벻ˣʼʱֻǼǲԼĸܣģߺʼ֪Լôӵġ
ΪʲôΪʲôҵأֻʣˣ׷ʲôˣΪң꾹Ȼһͨ˶ˣ
ڸߺļ侹Ȼ¼ȫˣԼһս
Ϊһ̬뵽֮УĲףΪʲô
֤ߺǿʼı֮ʴˣߺļȫʧʱǸʱߺȫˡ
һΪֲ飬Ĵڡ
Ȼߺȴԣڻ֪Լڻ֮УȴѾȴˣԼôˡ
ʱƣߺʼѾԼˣ˼ά֮УԼ۷ţͣڵ֮С
ֱ󣬸ߺʼԼˡ
ʵߵʱԼϰܿ࣬ĵĽľ֮ߺһ㣬ߺߵһɲǼ䣬ǾѾʧһɶˡ
ߺȴмʱľ֮ĵֿȻӲĽʱ֮á
УߺоԼļһʧСʱļ䶼ʼʧˡ
ˣԼǽиߺ
֮ǰ֪Լиߺʱ򣬻ϵҪֿǺߺԼֶǵõʱ򣬾ͿʼֻǳɵĿܡ
ҵ׽ʲôҵ˭ֻܹظ⼸뷨Ϊ޷б뷨ˡ
ڵ˵˵ˣʱҲֻʼ˶ѡ
󣬸ߺ˼άʼԽԽģֱѾ𽥵ʧˣʱ򣬸ߺ֮УѾݽߵıԴȻ׵һ¡
ܵĻ֮ȻʼͬһٵߺΧŸߺת
ߺٶ۵صĸӦȴǻ֮룬ĶʲôӦ
Щ֮ûֻߺΧסͰˣǿʼߺ֮С
ʯȻûзǿʼĿʼںȫںϽߺʯȻʼı仯ʣñ֮ǰ֪ǿٱˡ
ߺҲ˵õȽ֪֮ǰ״̬֪ǿٱ
˵֮ǰߺ껹ĻôھѾﵽ˻澳ˡ
ߺ꿪ʼͻڴ⵽һ𣬸ߺ꿪ʼ˻֮ꡣ
˵ĻߺⴿӻԵɺϣܹڻ֮ꡣ
УʯͲ˵ˣ֮ʯʺ֮ǰƵЩ֮Լıʯڴġ
Ҫ˵Ļʯ൱һЩĻ֮ڻ֮֮ǣȻʵʻΪ˵һʯͷ
ȻʯͷһʿʼǣڳΪ
ΪųΪδγ֮ǰѾʼˡ
Ҳյ㣬֮ٵ棬һ»Ϊ磬Ҳյ㡣
ͬʱ֮Ҳ֮⣬˵ҲǷǳġ
ټϣȻܹ֮УȴܹΪ֮Ųɹ˺
ǣǸʱĸߺѾɥʧԼȫļ䣬ҲɥʧԼȫĴһ֮ûκεİ취Ըߺ˺
ȻҲҪľ֮ߺԵʡ
ûľ֧֮ŹĻ¸ߺ֮һ棬ͻᱻȫӦĻᶼûС
еɺһ𣬾Ǹߺˡ
ߺֻоԼԽԽǿǣߺļȴֻ֮ɾƬһԶҲˡ
ߺֻƾԼֱЧİ취֮ٵ뵽Լ֮С
֮ԭԴ˺ʮֵЩ֮Ѿ뵽Լ֮ˣȻߺ֮УǿݽߵıԴһµı
ֱͬں棬˵֮ͬеĴ
Ȱдأԣְд˵һңһ
ֻϧǣ֮ȻԸߺˣǸոգߺʧȥļ䣬ȴҲԶҲˡ
ߺԽԽӦģҲûһ˿ĴˣΪѾԼ˭Լһˡ
ڵĸߺΪȻһĻȴֻһԼݶ֪Ĺ
ʮʱ䣬֮дڣʼ֣֮ʼ˱仯
ͬľһѱĻ֮ʮ֮оȻʼİˣѱϻһ
ȻҰԻڣȴܹѱˡ
ͬʱڲ²⣬һ˾ǻΪ׵һЩˣڵԡǹ֮УЩǹ񱻾ۼһǿ֮оȻ۳һӣɸߺô档
ĺ棬վʮ۵Ӱֻʱβͣȴ֤ǲࡣ
һԺ׵ͬΪ׵ͬڵλʮֵΣΪǺ±֡
ʮ֮УսһһĽе𺳡
ΪͬһȻȫܵĽ׵ͬʱ֣˻С
𣬵ͷȮһʮص룬Ǻ׵磬ͻᱻˡ
һսôҴһͷȮһص꣬Ǳ׺
ִŰأòϤսĻԿȻôʧȥһûᡣ
ɴҲȷˣȷħܲɷֵĹϵΪϵĻ棬Ȼħ
ԽﶼħֵĻ棬ⷽܶħմȾϣȻ˲俪ʼħ
ɴҲȷˣڵĻڵľ硣
֮ΣҲͬʱ𾪣᲻ǻŪأ
Ϊʼٸߣȴ˿֪飬ΪԲĻ֮ȻٵķĻ֮Ȼ۳ˮߺ
ģߺγˣǺ͸ߺԭһģֻǿȴ˺ܶࡣ
˵֮ǰߺֻǾͬĴڸߺǻ磬ǻ֮
ߺҲʼν磬ʼһеǰһе
˵ʹǿĴ֮ǿĻҲԽ֮ڻ伺á


952 ߺһ
ǻ֮γɵҺ壬۸ߺ壬Ȼʮʱ䣬ʮʱ֮У֮ǿٵʧš
֮УĵطԽԽ࣬˷֣ʵȻĳɳ
Ƿ׵һ㣬ĻҲһ㣬ʼһЩˡ
ǿɶأ鷢չֵزһжǰҪչչţΪʲôƫƫڣȴʵƫУҪӿŲ̻ɾ֮λȻȥҸߺȥ
Ļ𣬾ȻôվһߴɵħӰ˵ǰ
ɣȻħ쳾̲סԼĵľȣٷۺɫѾڵĲˡ
ԭЩʵʤǰ黹ǱȽϲģû뵽黹ûȺأͱһˮǴ֡
ɶ񣬿ɶ˿ɶȻħԼΪħˣ˵һôͻأôǿأ
еⶼ⿪ˣǰ˵ʱǸʱĻָơ
ˮǸʱ򣬺ʮֵħʮֵĴȥħ棬ħĴԴһЩָԼơ
ǣǸʱĻѾˮ
Ҳǣˮ𱾾ͲݣЩȴ˿ûйˮ֮ģôأ
Ψһֿܣˮ϶ͼ
Ȼʲôͼıֻл֪ˣȴ֮⣬Ǻֻ֪֪Լħ֮󣬺ܳһʱ䣬ͻȻݼ
˵Լǻ𣬳ʱ䱻ˮѹƣвԸΪЧ
ʱѾγɣҲгԹһҲ֮ãȻɻ󣬵سˮǲݵģҲ
ټ϶ԼӡǵΣʱ̴Ӧˡ
֪ѾɵħĻһôģľԼǿ
ټѾɹĽħıԴԼ֮УΪһħߵʵͲ£ڿ˭˭
ʱʵǱȺһЩģҪȻĻħҲô׾ͱܣұһֵԴ
һеһУԶ˵Ǻɻ
֮ǰʵʵĻָƣǻôҲͻϣȥħħ
ȥˣҲԲħĶ֡
˭ãȥɱ¾Щȴû뵽˵ħɽ۶֮ˣ
ֲּҪԭ򣬻һƭħһ׻һӣʼħ̲ʳ
ģȵǿһĵزˣͿʼĶħˡ

ԭԺҲûʲôĵģԼһὫߵһɣҼ޻ϡ
ŴűĻӣʼ֣ɶԷĺ
һпɵĽУֱ󣬻ʵȼ磬Ǹʱͻᱩ¶Լ
ֻϧߺĳִļƻ
ʯͨδ֮·δȥ
սһȥˣһ㶼ûеõǿҲ3-5֮ࡣ
ǣһжŸߺĳ֣֮ȫˡ
òмƻһǧУ˯ûħͨϣҰһħ𹥽
ǳô˻ᣬ֯Ϊ˸һҲʼ
һǧħ壬֮䣬ϵ߶ϵĺնȥ
ΪҲڴﵽڣֳﵽڵľ硣
ʱ¶ˣǾҪ̵ΪʲôҪȸߺͲö֪ˡ

սĻϵ˻ɥĿⶼǼᶨ
һģΪУԷֱɥĲʧȥԣôȥҲǹ
ԷֻҪռ֮ԼԼʵͳ档
ȻûףΪʲôôֻֿ
Щ˵ǰֱǹ޲ս޲ʤͲôһ־нʮϵȼħ𣬽Ƭ涼ڻˡ
Щһ˲ͱħȼĻҷ˶ľ
ŵԼ۾ôأʵǿˡѲɣҰջɣ
ҲǿĿ࣬ԴЩתˡ
ǷȥĹЩϵеһ˲仯˷ɻ
ϲ죬ħɹͳǧ棬ָտɴڻվŵʮħ׷׹£˵
֣ħнʿٱģ޲֮޲ɱ֮ˣȫ¾ɾռħɾ磬ҺúǼˣ
ǣ֮Щħתʧˣˣ覴ѣԷĸ
ȻҲȴһֱûôΪȱʯ޷ˡ
֮¹֮УֻҪһִڣͲǱȫˣܵĻ֮ٴνӽ
֮Уͣпռѷ򿪣ħӵ֪ȷǶϼ
˳һҪȴУʵħǰΧһϵ֮УŪֻżȴûа취ͻơ
˼ţбɱģб۵ģħŮģŮħԣħеģ֮治а
֮ɱӣ޶
Щħɱ˵ʱһͬһÿ˵ĶС
ţЩªʲôɱѵҵͬ𣿡ţһȫӣǿ֮Уڴӵı޾Ļ֮
ʱе˲пչ۲ǻ֮ܵĻ֮Ȼȫʧˡ
׵ʱе˶סˣǸˣ˫ֲ˫ģĿǸһӣ촽ˡ
ף磩ʦ𣩣С壩Ȼֳƺһȴ֤˼־ϲԼӸ𺳡
ûӵӣ֮ǰĸߺͷѩɫ˫۱ɫһ仯ûС
ŶȻʧ
˵˶ģ𣡡ߺĻ˵һ仰ʱ򣬸ߺĻ֮ȻЩħƮȥ
֮Դ浮ʼʹԼƶȥˣվȻڸߺһ仰£ħˡ


953 ߺ
ߺٴλ֮ǻ֮зֻĴĻ֮Ȼûٴλص֮ȫ뵽ߺ֮С
Ϊ֮ĸߺɫȻûаֱ仯ĹһС
Ӧʮֵ𺳣ߺҲӦһ𾴳ݣǣһڸߺȴоôıŤ
ΪֻΪߺϾȻȫһ˿ҵĳġ
ɵֵס·˵ļǶĿŸߺһ仰ȻҲ˵
סŮӵᣬվҪߺȥڸߺתǵһɲǣͣסԼĽŲ
Ϊߺ˫Ŀ֮ĮȻһ˿˿ǣһ˲㻯Ϊ˼ᶨ
ǺˣΪڴ˴򶷣˭ߺһʼ𣬵˵˵ţԼ֪Լ֣ɵõͳȥ
ܵˣߺĻ̲סһ㶡
ߺʱ򣬶Ǻݺݵ𾪣ֿߺܹ֧֮һ˿־塣
ǣߺ仰ȻߺΪʲôȴҲףڵĸߺѾȫɥʧ˼䣬ʲôǲˡ
˻ǰĺֵܰһתǽ¶һƵ΢ЦߺǰߺԶ
ߺ֮һ˿Ի󣬷׵һǸߺıԻˣոߺڵʵԼɻĸ졣
ȥˣľ𣬻о𣬷ɼ𣬺ħ𡭡ǸϿȥȰһ¸ߺǧҪԻˣڵΪָˣҸһ
ƺ֮ǰףƵĻǻ֮Ѿڣ뵽ڣΪ֮Уλڵǿˣ
⻰ܲ᲻Ϊ⣬ǣҪǸߺǽŻ֮ͻƵģ֮дĿǣһйڻ硣
Ҳ˵˵ȷĻ۰Ժģպ粻֪ĺ
ҲħҳɹԽںĻ𣬶ǴϷǸȫһ˿ҵģħһӡߺ
Ǹߺ˻Ļ֣Ǿǿǿ֣ǣǴǧе棬ӳ˵ĺ
෴һĻǻҰĺܾܿͱֹڴˣң˵ԱߵҲҪˡ
ߺû˵ʲô棬ߺ֮ǰˣ˰УȻǻһߣĺߺ
оһԼԻĵķƮ·ңԶʣַ·ڸߺĶ˽
ħ屾ջģԸߺ־Ȼߡ
ǣȻСѪֶߺҪȹʱ򣬺Ȼʹߺ˻վһ̤ǧϵ
𡭡
ߺ˫Ŀ죬ڿҹһĻ֮Ӹߺбͷųȥ
֮κζȫɱʮϵߺıС
ˮ֮еһһ㣬ֻǽ֮ƾͻ֣ᷢߺĺΪһˣֱ˴ˡ
ʱҲ飬ʵˣֻǰӰѡ
ҪƵߺĺȻҲô򵥵ģڵĺһ£ʹԼǾ޷ߺĺƵġ
ңߺĺȻ֮УһдǺϵĺͻķӿ档
Ǵ֮ǿĻڼ˲֮ǴͻᱻɺԶʧǳΪԴ
еһбڻ֮ʱҲ»Ϊ֮ڻ磬ڻ硣
֮ԴҲ֮ա
ͬģеĴڻ֮бģȻһЩ𣬻ʧʱ򣬻»ص֮Ϊ֮
˵һةĻô֮ǻʵۣǵûеةࣿ
ûлʵˣةڵںδ
˵ʵۿûة࣬һڶĹԱΪ£ةûлʵۣȴͲܴˡ
㣬ңҵ˭ߺǿз˷һѯκˡ
ֻҪʵûܻشͻᱻ׵ħ廹壬ڸߺȥڶˡ
䣬һ˿˿ĺӶԷ֮Ʈ˲ͱߺס֮е΢΢һתǺȻûټ
һе˶ΨΨŵŵǲģڶ֮䶼֪顣
س֮ʱֻܹռնѣǽոߺȴǿ˸ߺǿ
Ǭһ̤Ʋ
һƾ˹ȥ֣һħϳǰ
ħǧ˼򣬱ںĻ𣬼ֱ練ơ
룬ԼһֱضöԷһ޹˭ϵõģߺƾԷǰֱװײħ֮ϡ
ħϾһȼŻĺɫɴһ֮ȥûдħϣڰ֮⣬ͱȼմ
ǣߺһڰ۳˰ɵĺֱӳȵϢӡ档
һƵ͹ڻǰţǱߺƻħ澹Ȼʼ۳һ㺮˪
жʱһûӦʱħϾͱ׵Ĵݻٵˣȫһ㺮ٺűƵ콥͹ĵطʼĳѷ졣
ħ϶Ϊħ𣬵ǲûоʹʧǱɢĺΧ
Ȼ˳뵽˸ߺǺ֮ڣƾȻӵ
ʹͬĵֵʽȻһֿܹ֮ס෴ӴƵĹ
֮£ʼʾԼһһζܣæʧ˺ѿռ䣬ʧԭأٳֵʱѾǼٹ֮⡣
ųĻ⣬³ڸߺǰɫеô
ڻ𱳺󣬱ʮλ𣬻˺ʱգȻץλ
һλ𣬼ϻˣĶɪɪһˡ
ǵԵеʱ򣬶ԷʹЩԼûлϣˡ
Щܹ˲佫ԷˣȻԴĺ⣬ǣԻ˵޺
涼ʼںÿһ䣬ʹԶĵط֮϶˵
ߺûжܣĿԲ˫ſĻ֮ȻڴƮһҶۡ
֮ʼΣֻа˵״ɵ壬ȴԽ꣬˫ſȻʮꡣ
Īǿ𣬸Ϳͷֻܹ壬˵ģǸߺǺˣ


954 
ȺƵƣǷΪֶΣǣߺȴһ£ϵȫ̮̮ͬ¥һƬ¡
۵ǸӰӣʼߺİȥߺȫ֮Χš
ߺÿһϸ΢Ķüۣڻ֮۵Ӱܺõչֳֻϧǣ˼
ΪߺÿһüٹĻ֮
ڵĸߺǱħ忴ħ˲ҿ
ƷԲǧСһ²һ˱
һиߺ֪ΪڵѾ˷ľˡ
һҲֻϵǸߺһٶ֮£˼ϵһĺ˻
ҿ֮ǰ֮۸ߺʱ֮ʧһ룬ҪȻĻ˵棬Ҫֱʧһˣʱ涼»Ϊ磬С涼ˡ
ʹڣѾǵһˡ
֮ǰȻħ֣۴СγɵƳ̶ǧ浱֮ĵһ
ħ棬ƴ棬ش棬棬ϺĴڵ棬ҪΪ
Ǹߺһȥʧһ룬ֱ
⻹ֲģֲǣںѾʼĲȶʱտʼңߺһ裬ȫƻˡ
ʱضǱ޴ĺڶܹϵĴСϵĴӿг֡
棬Ȼڸߺһη֮£ֱŪĽҪˡ
ˣ磬֮ǰҲɱ㣬ʶҵĴˣҽһúѧϰϣԲˣĹһΰɣġ
ҪҪ棬Ǿֻһ취Ǳ̵ԶĻǵС
ȻΪȥһΪ֮׵ģһһҲǱˡ
Ҫͳ棬ȴ塣
Ȼȥڶ棬ħԴָԼưɣȴԼĵڶ
·ϻˮȵԱԼıԴ˺ˣԼ˯һǧ꣬ԼĵˣÿħԼɾħ
ȻԼո䵽˼ҸԼõһ棬ԼǱӴܡ
ոһ£һֱҪԼˣߺˣ۷ľֵġ
һֻе··ߣȻ䣬һȴһ˿־塣
Ҳô򲻹ˣȻ֮۳һ壬Ȼһ
˵ԼעĻûأôøߺ˹ȥأ
ںԼһֱһ簡һһ޳ɣȻۼһʱȴûʲô춯صĴ¡
һΣ£ҪȻԼΪĵףˣԼƳɾ˼
ڶΣԼƺò׺ˣոճҪװװƣȻֱˮʱǶԷԱԼɾ˼ҵ
ΣҲǸոѹţһûˣˮûˣܸûʲôסԼ˰ɡ
ԼĻ𣬾ȻĳΪħҪԼ
ԼˣȻԼߣչػָơ
ʱҪֿͬȻ˳׳١
û뵽ߺȴγˣγĸֱӣûдԼֱԽ޴ңԼĹˣֱˡ
ңıԼĳ׶ˣֻǴ㽫󲿷ֵȻԼ־ʼҳ׵˳Լ
ߺǣ涼
Ȼߵķ֣Լһһľ֮⣬󲿷ʱ䶼˰ɶһûɡ
Ҫ˵ɱʲôģûзĵɱ˶࣬˼Ǹһŭݹǳɽء
ڣԼɱˣ˵ɽˣոصضղ
£޵ĸӵˣĵʱһӰȻıĵ
٣磬٣·ˣ߲ǻǺˡ
濪ʼ𣬺Ȼ˺üͿ׼ʱˣǽλֿߺ
˵ǵֿʵǡ緢飬Ÿߺ
Լɥĺǰһٽ֮
û뵽Լǰ˰кǺȻԹԵĨᣬûԼһ
ʵǺѹȷûѾƵĲˣ˶סˡ
ôأܰɣôأܵģѾˡ
ڵĺԸţԼδֱֹ˴һΣȻһֱû˯ΪЩһֱڻָƵĹ֮߹ġ
ɲ˷ʱˣҲû뵽ߺһξȻûʧǣԷȻɥʧ˼䣬ȴΪߵ̬ˡ
ǹһʵŭһȻ涼һ룬һҲҡҡƮҡҶһѾһˡ
ǸߺһθոĹƾȫܽ
ʱ򣬶ԷһʱҪΪȤҵԼħ棬ΰƣԼħ滹ûкǿء
¸òƣһƾܽԼħȫٵʱԼҪ·ԶĻڱˡ
ԭߺҪһöӣĿøߺȴںǰΪߺ֮ıֶŲɹá
ڿͻȻһνߺˣڵǣԼʱħʱΪʲôһҪ֮ȫĵλأ
ȻʱǿǣڿǿǽԼĻϵġ
ʱֻҪɵԷĺȻ֮ܺ൱Ҳǲܵġ
ںˣ浱УȻ˸ߺôһֱ̬ɱ֣רɱġ
ɱƢô̫ãͷŭ˵˵Ҷٴֱ̼ӷԼǿʵ֮
ֱһεĶʱը˵ը
ֻǰƻˣԼʵ۷徳磬޾磬ܺ͸ߺͥĵزϡ
һе㽫ƴ棬ش棬ȫɵͲţʵƷߺ


955 ֮
𽫺֮󣬾ͳ׵ʧں֮У˶û뵽ľȻħ
֮ǰΪͽĻֱһЦ
ȻˣǺȴҲѾȹˣ濪ʼķʱգʼ
ܣϵδ򿪣Ļ޴˽
Щǿڻ֮Ψһһֻ֣ʵ̫ǿÿһͷĻޣڵ
ԣÿһ浱УЩᱻЩ뷽跨Ľ֮Ļ֮
Ǳ㿪ʼз֮䣬棬ģΨĴ
֮ף浱Уħ棬棬棬棬ȫںܣͬǹһ㣬Χź档
ԣܵĻޣһϳģȻࡣ
Ҫ˵֮У޵Ȼûа취뵽κһ浱УΪƾڵ޷ÿһϴ򿪡
ǣȴͬˣߺһ֮£ʧһ룬һĺ˲𣬵Ȼźİϡ
Щ޻ӵԼǧͷĻޣҲҿڻ磬ڻ磬Ի֮Ϊʳ
ȫޱȣʳˣֻԲҶ֪ɣǸƢģн޳
ΪԷ̳˻֮ԣһеʣΪ磬Ȼͳ֮еˡ
ǣǵӺ֣Щ޺ͨҰƵģŲͬӵҰޡ
еĴԼǻӣеĴǵӣеʨӵӣ֮󲿷ֶҰޡ
ȻлһЩޣȽأܵ˵Ϊصľڶ޵УһֻΰĻޣһ㣬ڶĻޱš
ǧڵĴڣм䣬ΰ׳壬Զǵ˰ɡ
ȿȣΰƣͷʨӣ˫ͭ壬ſ죬һ𣺡
էһ͸ʿƵģǾ͵ĴǴֵġ
ɥʧĸߺЩסˣʿôԴ
ûߺĵȷûǹʿȷͷ­ÿһһģһڲϵڸߺܵĻ֮񿴵ңɼζƵġ
ʱ֮з˼Щ˾ǸŸߺһӻǡ
ߺСȻûô׳ۡʵ˵ȷĲ˶١
ֻǹʿԴСǵͷȮͷ­ѡ
޲ǵͷȮڰɣôô񰡣ǣһǴֵĹʿ棬һǴѣʶС˽
޻͵ͷȮᲢۣΪͷȮԴޣеĻȴ޷ͷȮʱ򣬴ĺ󷽳ˡ
ԴӺֱ֣󣬸ߺֲһĺ棬ʼȣ˫ۣһ仰û˵
ڣվĺ󱳣ȻһƬǿ
ĴСȻ޷֮ǰߺһĺǳ֮󣬵ȷǹ̶סƬҡβȵĺ档
ңˮħռǿգʱֻΪ˶ԸЩõģڿⱾںĵ棬ֿٴλص֮ˣ
Ƭǿյļ룬ٲôľ󣬹ٴһתַųǿգ֣ٴͷųꡣ
Щʮֵǿ󣬿ڻȪ֮бȪָĲˣЩ꾹ȻٸȻڶĻޣѾٲ̫ˡ
꣬ȻÿһΪڣһλѾﵽڵľˡ
սָ˭Ӯ˭أ˶֪ΪʲôոչôԷǲıĿ
ԷżٻԼ֮е氡ֻҪλǾܹ̣ҲܹƾС
ߵ𣬻һǹ֮꣬ȫһ
ԷʵȻǿֵزˣ˵лˣûлĳ֣ˮļƻһȥҲûлϣ
ŽŲأʵ̫ˣ̫޳ˣԴˮʶƻγˡ
ÿһΪߣҪڹһƴŻĲ飬ȵսʱ򣬹ϹϻȪ
ĺʧӰ٣ˮʱ²⣬Щ˵Ļ
ʱǷ䲻ͬĺȻĵ
˶ԷĺֻҪԷûг׵ǾͺԼĺһ˿ϵν
һ֧Щ֪飬ˮȴ֪һ
ڿЩ˵ĺغʲô£ǻ̫ϵյġ
еһУ𶼲ãһ͹ǿߴġ
ֻԷϵҪʯģˣҲֻˮһ֪ô졣
ˮĺߺǿԵεģǣڸߺļȴȫʧˣ˵ʯ÷Ĺϵˡ
Լǲ࣬ǲסˣ˵ֻˮһ֪ķˡ
Լһļ䶼ʧˣôܻǵסһļأ
ңڵĸߺ֪ԼǲǵˣҲͬԼ˺Լа취øߺָ䣬ͬ⣬οǸûʲô취
Щ޸ոҪʲôͿ˸ߺȫһ㶣ܵߺϵǿĻǼϡ
ǻ޲֪棬ԼǲͨģԲûд֮ɢʲôϢֻǵС
ߺ˫һ˿жûУֻĿֻĲͣл
ߺûдϣǾ÷ǳϤʶĸоڶ𣬺Լ֮ǰĽ
ף㿴Ҫͷ­ͶС󰡣ССǵ𣿡տԼ˵ĺûʲôãԿʼøߺתĿꡣ
ߺһ⼸Ǿ࣬Сȴʱһ
ףƺĺϤһ֮ģߺĬĬ⼸仰
֮ǰǼ仰ߺˣΪߺˣǣ⼸仰ߺʼվ֪ʲô˼
ԸߺѾ֮ĿԼԺ֮ˣʹʧˣʶʱҲʶ


956 ׹
漴ߺͷʹѣ˺Ҫٴе˶ߺڵĶһ
ոշһ£泹׻ٵˣһΣ˵ٵʲôء
ڸߺҪٴν֮еĻͷųЦİӰʱ۵ǿյ漴ԽԽ
ڸߺ֮ͬٵĽӽߺøߺʶһɲǼࡣ
ǲûлָ䣬˫ĿԴ
СޣһһŮкͷһöǳһͼŮĶͷһö
һﶼɣ״Ǹÿ㡣
ˣ治֪ĸΰͨصļһģ֪еǸϰֱôأ
֪֮ǰ˵ϰʧʱҲֻһ̶ѣ㿴ǣһ̣Ǽ׳ո㣬Ѿ̫ˣ
ߺĬĬţȻЩɽֵģȴø档
ǡ˭ߺڣֻոأһĨϤٻӰͳ˸ߺ棬֮⡣
ŮĿ˸ߺһۣ漴뵽ʲôתȻ˭ǻʦĺӣҪЩ꣬ҵĲлʦڼķԣСһȷǿȥ֪
ҵĺӣ˭ʲôǺӣߺɥʧеļ䣬Թܻû˻֮⣬ʲôȫǵˡ
߲Ǳˣ𣬲ת֮Ѿ˫ɯˡ
˵˫֮ƣҲˣǵʦˮȴռǵĲлꡣ
ֻǸʱǵĲлѾǿıɢˡ
һ֣ת壬ϵתҲԽԽǣ˲֪ˮתʱȴʱ֮սʱ
ʱƿһ˲䣬ԷץסᣬƬͶȥ
һ֣ǻΪ壬꣬ʵȴһ˿Ƭ
ֳ֣һֻΪ壬һǱ˫ɯڡ
Լ֮һ֡ڷ˵ڤʮֵʵֻǱֿ֡
һ֣ǳΪ˫ɯһ֣֮Ǳأֻһʵ̫ǿˣһֱҲûӦʲô
꣬˫ɯΪںԼ꣬Լ
Ȼں֮Ȼʧˣ˫꣬ȻҲͻع鱾ˡ
Ȼ˵ĻҲʧǻع鱾ңҵԼ
ʱ򣬿ʼӣΪԼͷǳǿԵֿסˡ
عȻƶϣȻҲŶԷĳɳˡ
Ѫ֮УȻܹоǸߺѪ
Ȼ֪ô£Լ˵ĺӣʹǺԼģԼҲһúúõıȫ
սĽ˺ܶ꣬ܲԼʦˣֻܹЭ
߽ںϣߺӣȻߣ֮ãԡͺϷ绯ˡ
ߺĸĸˣԱȫǶ
ǣһθߺĲʶԷˣߺʶǣô˲ʶߺˡ
СһĹĵĿŸߺоߺһֳԸĨεı֡
ߺĵԩҿͻȻ֪ʲôˣǰǿˣЩյԭԼϰֵĺ֪ɡ
ٿϤף⼸Сһ쳾ôܻ᲻ʶء
ùá쳾Ȼˣȴǰ񿴵һӵ
յǻһЩ쳾ô˵ǴСӵˣһߺʮֵƣôôŤɴ࣬һŸ߷ˡ
쳾ٴûƤûճֻȴҿˣٿǳǷˡ
Ȼйμ֮ԵǸʱϾ̫С˵òʤǰһʱûϳ
ȻԼĵܵöˣûʲô飬Ҳæǰ
ݼùá
˵ţһ˫Ķ䣬Ȼʮȼת䣬֮һģһ֣쳾Ķ䣬Գʮȡ
͸Ӧ˴ˣʵǲҶְȻЩûɣô˵Ҳһ
ǺǣǺǣùãҲˣɥ˵
СʱԼûùõ۸ˣùò֪ûһܿ϶ǳƢԶ޼
ڣӵˣ˭ҶҲ̫ǿˡ
˵ֶڣڿٵڼ̵ʱ֮ھܹڡ
ֶȻ̣ŲõĽ𣬶ʵǲ¡
һڵɩӣӦȻķԼݣһ˵ͻǷ֮ʵȴ޷ıġ
ЩͶһ߲ˣ˵˵ߺȻ˵ʧˣһؼʱ˵˵Լñ˭۸ˣǲ׼ٽٸɶģҲĲǣ
ߺ֮УǿĴ֮һˣ˵ǧУĿǰ˵ߺǿģû֮һ
ĸ֮УڹһƲһģǿǸ
Ȼߺڶֵͽܡ
׵֮У˸ߺǿĴˣߺͽܣɼ𣬺ħӸߺˣߺһ仰ܹƴ
ϵ֮һˮ𣬻ͬʱڵ
ɱ𣬾콣𣬳ɻңɶǸߺֵܰǸ߼ҾȻռ˽ʮλ
⻹ЩҪȴûģЩǲ֪ģ߶˵ԭڸߺа
ߺһ˾ʹеʵǹոٻЩȫǵ꣬ˮҳ£֪ˮתߺĻһӦ
Щ˵ҳϣǱڻŵЩҪǿˣǵĿľ죬ȻѾ°˭ܹ֤û
ˣ˭ܱ֤Ǹ޳ܵĻ𣬲Ϊһڶ
ԷѾΪǱȺ޳ܣԱɵٵļһ
ߺûʧȥ䣬ЩۻĴʻһ˫۷Ź⣬Ȼݵ˵һ䣺ֱҵż񰡣
ֻϧڵĸߺѾ׵ʧȥˣ˺ߺʱ򣬸ߺȴ˷֮С
磿˭磿Ǻʲôʲô֮ʲôоǵ˵ʲôҪ˵ˣҪ˵ˡӣʲôǸߺ˭Ϊʲôиߺ


957 ս
ŸߺԽԽԽԽӣߺٵĸĸѾԾˣٿǽ棬߽֪ԼĶʧˡ
ǣߺôʧģû֪Ҳ֪Ͼܹһʧ䣬ʵʵҲ̫ˡ
ֱ뽫е鶼˵˳˵Լĸ׵ʱǸʱߺѾȴڻ֮м˽¡
Ϣ׵໥һۣڳȥǵɻ˵ǣߺ󣬲û˭ߺֿǻ֮Ҳû˰ϵˣ
˶ҡҡͷЩʹ˵ײ˵ˣԼҪֵԼһ·
ǺεȵľߺԷǻۣ˶ҡͷΨиߺŮû˵κεĻֻǵͷ
գôܿʵǲôżΪУԸߺʧ븴Ѿ˴ŵĲ²ˡ
ţ֮ЩȦ̧Լͷʦ壬𣿡
žĸԺһƣһס㸸ǸʱԴͿˣԣӦýʦ
УǱ룬ҽеն룬벻ղǣޣ㸸׾һ쵰ԴһֱͿǰɣʲôģһҶͿˣ
أȻоɱ䵽ϡ
ȺȻ֪ǰ˭ǲȫ֪ͱ˵ߺĸĸҲ߾磬ҪԼǸĶϱţԼ֪ʲôʱܹǿ֮ء
˸ԴһһȻǺѹˣûеѹء
ȻԱǸġϱҲæˣֻ̫ˣ˵仰Ҳʼһش𣺡ߣ
Ȼ󣬾˾ͽ̣־ӨӨŮĸΪȻ˵ȹŸ߳üȽףҲʥߵȼҲԶȻҲԶȡ
Ҳǿ˫ܹطģνߵ۹ǿȻǲͬģǿڳΪࡣ
Ŷߺ⣬Ϊڳ˸ߺѵκˣߺΨΨŵŵһ仰˵
еֺøߺ˼Щ˵ľͲôˣǰͲøߺʧ⣬ȥƴһģŪܾˣ˫˫ζ
Ҫ֪ΪѾ˼ʡ
Ůֻһû˵ʲô
ͷϵĺСˣĪŮ˰
պһͷ˵Բ֪ˣҼʹ۸Ҳñ꣡
쳾ҲɸֵĿԼá
𿴵ȴֹ˵գҪллľ֮ҪȻߺܻˣѵǸߺļ䣬Ҳṥˣʱپȫˡ
ڸߺΪʲôḴˣҸˣ˵ľȻߺһ
ֻҪľǸߺļˣ˿ʼ
Ȼ֪ߺôˣͶ֪ߺļôˡ
ߺļѾʱʧˣԶʧˣܹˣٴνǰĻ棬չǰܹƾԼΪ֪һЩ顣
ҪһȫҲҪ˵ܣֻǣѶ̫ˡ
ܹ۷壬Ҳ˿ԳԽĴڣǱĴڡ
Ǹе֮ϣ֮ϵһ磬Ҳһ硪죬Ҳ졣
ֻ˵ֹľ磬Զܴﵽġ
޾֮󣬾쾳ˣֻǣһʼҲֻڵľ磬Ҳ̫͡
ȻʮҲſͻƵڵľ硣
ˮҲһģǺ䣬˽ʮ֮󣬲Ŵﵽ硣
һһǺ֮µĵڶȥռ˼ĺ󻹴ĵ˺һǧꡣ
ˮһʮ꣬ſﵽ۷ĳ̶ȡ
˵޽׶ΣҪȥǳֵܹǧ˵Լ
ǣﵽ۷壬ֿܹԷļѾ޼Ѿˡ
룬޾磬֮еĻ֮׵ĴԽҿˣôỹּֿܹأ
׵͹̸ʲôϵ𣬶ҹֺϵˮ𡣹ϵʮֵǢ
һЩˮ𶼻߹𣬶Ҳ֪ˮĴ㣬ҲľļˣЩǹǵġ
ߺһֱԱԼָİ취ڸߺԼĿ˵Ѿﵽ˷ָĳ̶ȡ
ǣֻдﵽ֮Լָܻ䣬Ȼ俪ˣʲô𣿡
һ仰˾˰죬Ȼʲô𶼲֪ոջô֡
֮£ߺļӿʼľΪߺ֪ߺȫŪˡ
ԭ죬Ǻǣ˵ʵľ磬ô˵ҲӦ۷˰ɣߺǺŵЦ⡣
ǵô쾳磬һգǣй˵ÿһǧ浮ؾһ꣬һ֮ûĵǧͻеĻǿߣ
˵֮ǰЩƳڶʹĻǵӣִһС
ڣǿԵĻ𣬵ǲĺԵĹߺͻȻڡ
׵Ȼĵ˵ͷߺҲ˵ͷˣҪȥħ棬ҵʵɻ֮ϱ
˵ŸߺȻһתʧӰ٣Щ޾Ȼһ˲ʧӰ٣ȫߺˡ
𿴵⣬ȻߺͣסЩ˺㣡
˵ţ˫һӣ¹ʮ磬˵ǰЩӡ󣬱ϾħתôܶԴ˲Ϥأ
ǣʧȥĸߺôӡģûʧȥĻһǵá
ʮص֮ƺƵĳڸߺǰбͬһ֮ݼ˧
֮ǰѪ꣬ɫĿŸߺձֱۣ
һͷĹʿڸߺǰڸߺĽű߱ǧԼڼԼˡ
ͷȮС죬еʬ嶼ŧˮ򶼿ʼʴ
һµߣȫⰻȻ˿֮Ҫĳ嶯
ĶǣĶ˲֪Ǹߺĵӣˣ
Ӱݼʦǧδʦɺãڤ˫ͨ˵


958 ħ
һƾ죬ϼɢǺӡ𣬽֮ǰƢһģһ˫ԶĿն·ؼֻһˡ
ռȻ˺ѣħգ浱Уеһз·𶼿ˣĩնһ
һǧ꣬Լ״̬˷׵磬취˸ߺΪͽħ˫ˡ
֮ǰԳ˫ħ𣬾Ϊ˲úע⵽ԼӲҪע⵽Լûгɳͽܡ
ȻʼͶתһط
ʮˣǴһƬƣȫԼĹɽ
ԭЩһﶼûȫʣʮ֮Уֲøߺʱûзǡ
ʮҲǴﵽڵľˣûа취׵Ტۡ
ֲõߺͽսĻķأѾˣʮ޸ûа취׵ȡ
һ𣬶ʮ޿Ტ۵ġ
ǣߺѾõаȴûеݴ˵аȻʮ֮ĩʵʵѾԽ˵ʱֳ
ȻڸߺǲˣⲢ˿ͺñħ𣬿ߺһСŮȻЦ
а𣬾ǾȻˮǸһĶŮô˵ھ̫ˣȿȣ
ûǸͷ֮ϴǵǸӣаתı־
ͷϴŮҲǸߺСŮ̫ʱҲΪص𡪡
ݴ˵ʵаӵأŶʮλȥɱ
û뵽ȻʧˣħǰǸʱľȻˡ
˵Ҳһǳǿ𣬶һλǿ󵽼ٲȵʱеκһλ
ߺһԹһһֱԱ߾Ŀţڿ˵
˵ûǽסҵ״ʲôûʲôĻҾȹȥˣ˵ţߺת˺˺ǿգʧεĿ֮С
ˣȻŭʦôˣ˭ܸôһ£
СҲסˣû뵽ԼٴλʱԼ˻ô䵭ĶԴԼ
ʦǰɣˣͽܣү˭ֵģһ˵ˣҲȫˣ
𿴵ＸеĶս߶Ϊߺ˷񣬲òڽ͵
ĶˣСħʮޣ֮ʼΧ˵еıϵûԼģɵĿŵ𣺡ôģ
ǣǸߺѾʧˣԼӵġԼĲ²˵һߡ
ħ𱻾ȵ˫ڣСС˵Сķ
еˣ˷׵ħ𣬶ȥģⶼʲôʲôŴС
һΣʦмҲò˵ˣԺܲܲҽСͦŤģ

һ־󣬸ߺһߵ˶ʼżˣǵһЩ˵İȫ⣬Ϊ̵ıڲƵĺ֮š
߶ϣ׵𣬽ľĶ𣬻죬һ꣬һʮλ۷徳磬Ҳǵʵǿ
ȻھˣȻʮˣҲǳǿм
ħ˫𣬻һЩȴԸ͸¶Լ֣Լǰߣ˴ֻΪ죬࣬һҲֻаλѣ۷ٺܶࡣ
󣬾ڣȴӵǿĴǰ;֮ˡ
ɼ𣬺ħɱ𣬾콣𣬳ɻң𣬽𡭡һЩûǰ̣ȴǰ;֮ˡ
Щһֻʮλüϸߺ˲ţ֮Ѫ꣬ڹ£ΪѪ
Ͳ˵ˣǽλ𣬿ġ
Ȼɺ̵ûмϾսսϣͷӲ
ǣħԸаתתţСһҲѪĥ֮УҵϤļ䣬ɹͻưɡ
漴ƺƵдһ˺˺棬ֻ˺ѵĿռǱȸߺĿռСܶࡣ
ߺѾʧӰˣѾ뵽ħ֮Уȥһȥ˰ɡ
ΪߺߵʱĬ˼鶫񲢲ֱӳŻȥģԴ󲿷ֲ²⣬ߺʹǹȥҲһȲһ
ħʱһ붥ʵ˴ͷȻŵǳɺһ֮
ȹʱѷʱ򣬻ٴηһҪϵĿռѷٴ˺Ȼŵߡ
еϺء
ЩǸߺмĻӦòô鷳ߺһپͿȫˡ
ǣڸߺ֪ԼǸӪģҲԲһˡ
죬ȥģߵǸ꣬ȴһǹˣвȥȺȻĻǾһơ
һҲǺް취Żľġ
ħ浱УеһƬҽһе϶Ǻںģҽ鲼ÿһ
ǵһ棬ȻˣȽϹȫ֣һ£еԱʼ
ͻûнɣħ֮˾Ϳʼ˷֣ҹһ顣
Ķ飬Ȼ࣬ʵ̫ˣȻҲռϵ֮ࡣ
ûа취һʱȫչ˹һ棬ǾͱԴħ˴ɾ
ҿ׵𣬸ףÿһִһϵľӣʼģķս
棬࣬˿־ģȻСˣ
ˣΪǿͶ䣬ϵôڣǱǵɫ϶סļһ
ֻҪԷΪûдﵽԿˣĶһ
սˣּ侹Ȼʮϵʮϵ˶ҿûвԼӪҪȻ治֪Ӫʣˡ
ǧͶޡ
ĶһУսľƸӵˣҲЩ߽ԱȷˣԼĵʲôط
ֻҪĶĶ֮Уûļһһʵͨ졣
Ķĳ֣νһɱﵣħ𶼴ֲ
ǱĶģǻֻ֮´˱սȻǾҲûпˡ
СǱ߸ǺˣſſֱϵϵȻ̻ͬʳϵĻһȫתСĸзȥ
СĶͬ޵׶һ㣬߲ܣȫˡ


959 ֮ս
ս˼֮ãʱ֮ڣϵȥǶ಻ʤˡ
ҲһЩⳡս֮ӱ
ĿľǸߺһ˫ŮСһǵĸȡ֣кǣŮ¡
ȻȡϣҲֻˣʼն
˵ǿǰˣ֮ǰԼʦֵܣҲֻӣСһȴ⡣
Ǿʼղϳϵ£ֻڿʱŻ¶Цݡ
ȻεҪСһǱϾḁ̊́꣬ôû飿
οСһʱСһѾ˽ˣһеа
˵˸ߺ֮ҲЩ׽Ҫ˵ǰԼˣԼǸʦ
գ˿ɵеʵɲǻۣ·ԶľƢȴһĸ߸ϵĸо
Ķ󣬶һֱΪıǣԼȴˣԼԷתۣĺӣ֮ġ
СһҲȷȻ⼸֮УӲĴΪߣֱڣֱָھ硣
ٶȣֱէ࣬޺аЦ֮У𣬶Ƕ֮֡
ֵǣȥˣһײûʲôı䡣
ħһʼħǷħǣԵĵȽȴһˣ֮ǰҪڣȴھĵˡ
Ҫ˵ģǸߺڶ
ɱһһɱ߽ɱ
콣һƣ쾪ơ
ɼ𡭡
ĶСڣսµľ潥ȶʤƽʼһб
еħ忪ʼʱغȻ䣬֮ϵҽʼۣǿ۳һ޴Ż
мС߿ʼзӵЩߴ󲿷ֶι״ģһߣȻУٶȼ죬ǧ˲伴
Ǻ͸ߺ˳þȻһģһǰպΪͳĻӦöࡣ
ǿЩеĳƬеƤˣӦǺ֮⣬֮еˣܵǴź棬бϢԽ˴󵨵Ĳ²⡣
˿ʼĵطȥһ˽̤ԲһƣֱֳꪣееǷееԲеǷͣеǹͣһ
Էϴſףɢҫ۵Ĺâ
ЩǽŲȷ糾ȫ¶ɢɫĹâ׷ߵ˺ɱ
ХһӦش֮еˣȥֵһ£ͳ֮Ķ𣬸ߣȥǱߵ棡
˵һͷ˽ȥӪһƬѪȷ硣
ս֮µһҲʵ˵һɫۣͷڣгŷһߡ
ߵʵҲĲΪ۷ǿȣǽ𣬶Ǵ˵Ķ֡
˵װӦƴ֮еˣƴ֮гˣ󲿷ֶŵۣ͸һʿƵġ
ǣǰݰҴҲ·ҲӣҲӪıһٵᰡ
ϱɣЩɽ˶ЩɽӭһΣɰɴСһȥ˽
棬Ĵڳ֮ȷˣǹľһһ
УӰٴһԣӰħϿա
ħ飬֮˽ȫ棬ǻ֮ǻǲ֮ܽǸɴذɣУǸסϵ˳û뵽еڶ
˵ţȻôֱħ֮еĻ֮ȥһȭ֮Ȼֳ롣
ԱܣһʵѾﵽ޵ĵزˣǿֲѾԷ˰ɣ
𾪺˵ʵѾﵽس֮ʱ˵۷ˣޣû뵽Źȥʮ꣬˴ﵽ޵ľˡ
ûбգʹ֮УĴѾˣԷʵܹﵽޣҲΪ
ģܾһˣ
֪ڻ֮У棬Ļ֮УǶ棬ֻ֮ħ棬ȥ棬ûɹɵͬûнħĺ֮ɵ
ڻ˵֮֮Ȼǻ֮˸ߴＸٹ꣬һ˵ĳŻѹƶ
˿û⣬ԼıԼ¡
֮ϵʱ֮˻ۣ˺еһжʼ⣬ں壬Ѿһ廭
ߺӰʼγɣۺЦ⿴Ż𣺡û뵽㾹ȻҲﵽޣ
ⲻϣ㲻һҲǴﵽ𣿴ǸʱûֹɻΪޣҲûֹɳҵͿԿʵһˣ
е˶ˣû뵽˾Ȼ˫˫ﵽޡ
ֻѡ·ȴǽȻ෴ԺԼʵ˵Ϊźܸߵ
ߺķˣ֮֮Լı׵ںϣԼı
ǣسʼû֮ԾͲ֪Ӧô졣
˸Ͳǵˣδֵһǿֵ֮졣
˶֪֮䣬ֻһһؾ磬һ仰֮ˡ
ͻ죬Ӧõְ𣬵ڣǧ֮Уȴûһˡ
֮УĸɣһϵʣЩ˵Ͳ
һЩֻڵľ硣
ԣ֪ôģ֮⣬ֻ֪ˡ
ߵˮˮתɵĸߺĻϵĺ档
ڻ˵ֻ˼Уѡγһѡˡ
˵ǧܶʼһıһ˳ΪޣԶûа취Ϊ죬Ҫʾ෴ˣһͬΪޣöԷļԼ
ȻΪޣȴ޷Ū˭죬ֻʤģпܡ
пȫٴѡγΪѡ
ҲпһˣһȴöԷʱ򣬱ű


960 ֮ϣ죨գ
ߺֻƿռ䣬ǧĿ϶֮ڣչ
ǧķ϶֮Уߺ𣬸һС棬˾ԵʵѾˡ
Լߵ̬֣˼ӵģߺĳ֣ȷ֮󣬸úһʿǡ
ҪģҪȷһ£ǧ֮У˭졣
СŲҪģ˭ʤ˭ʧܣû̫Ĺϵ
ǣߺȴϣǱȫȥΪٻԼҪˣĪҪȫˣԼʹɹˣҲһĵ³
ԸߺǻĻᣬҰǱߵƴˣһҪһ

ߺȻһһС棬ԷȥǰС棬˵ǰ·𲻴һ㡣
С֮ڣһ߿ʼɱ翪ʼȫıǱĵطʲô˱֮еĶ
һߣһƬ𺣣ǻ𺣲Ǻڰħˣɫֻȼգǻ澹Ȼ𽥱ɫ
ֻƾĵطľ󣬵໥ײʱС涼ܲסȻ෴
һһϵ̻Ȼըһ̻裬ѤöĿʵȴǷǳпģΪһС֮е˶ߵǿ֮Уռ
С֮Уûдм
С涼ˣγ˺ڶƬС汬ըܱɵĺ棬ȫǺڶ˽ȥ
ߺٵĺˣ޽׶ΣͲʲôˣͶΪ
Ǻڶλǿߵ֮󣬺ڶһ߱ǣһߣǱȼգС汬ը֮γɵĺڶˡ
һйɣߺԾһɨȣɨһƬ⣬Ǻ⾭һ͵棬Ǹ˲䱻סˣȻ˰
ǺȥƲԾȥҲ˿ʾȫݺݵҳһС̱ȼմ
һһٴμҵײһ֮еʮ֮Уʼ飬ײûзȴɢ˳
һȦȦͬˮһ棬޲һƬ棬еĶޡ
ߺԾһȾȻǻһȾߺһȾȻԴʧȥһ񱣬Ǿǲ·
ǸʲôƵģһ˿ҵĵܣ˶˺ü֮ˡ
ѯʸߺϢʱ򣬶ǸĴڣ㿴һʵǿȴϲӵܵĸ𣿡
һת弶ʧڶ֮УȻ໥ײĲһƬƬĴӸطɢ
ҿⷽԲʮ涼ݻˣȻĻⲨ֪ٴܹء
ʹսನòٴССٴ
ߺ˾ʵ̫ԶˣսನȻûвıԵ
ʹսеˣҲоС
ǣǧ浱УоɲѰУԽԽƵ
ڸߺսܵ棬ʼıʴһ޷ĺһ޷ܵȡ
ģʹսನûв棬ڶʼڻˡ
ڻεе棬ʼĻɢ뵽˸֮Ŀ϶С
棬ûôˣ浱е»Ϊ硣
Ȼ֮û⣬ߺסֻ֮˲ɺӻ֮һƬԭ
䡭䡭䡭һǧ涼ʼ𶯵಻ڶΪӰ棬׷ױըɢȥ
ǼڵڴˣҲûеֿ֮
οǧ֮УûڵĴˣΨλ޵ǿߡ
ǣǿ߱غǿ˵֪ǿ϶ٱЩȻûһܹﵽģô򵥵ıȥˡ
˵ս˽ǧ꣬ԶƾУûһռϷ磬Ҳûһ·硣
ǧ涼˻ĲˣսӡѾΧһȦˡ
ȫ涼ĲˣǸߺģԼǰĲлԼһ仰
еļ䣬Ź̶һۣһֱʲô˼
ȴǲͬˣѧúֱܼӵķǾ仰˼ˣͲǻй̶ĻܹᲢˡ
һ֮ġ
ڸߺļΪһ壬͸ӵļˣûԼ֮
е涼ĲˣеĺȫƮնĿ϶֮С
ĺ󲿷ڻϣڸߺ֮С
ģ仰ȽѯʣڸߺĽͺܼ򵥣ǾҪǾ취ŬĻȥҪҪǾ͸ɴ𷴿
ܶһͣȴǽ仰УʵЩģһ䶼һġ
õϢǣһ֮ġ
Ǳһ仰ס˺ܶ꣬лЩ㲻ء
ߺеٵۣһʮͨʯͷڿУߺڼٻ
֮·۶ɵʱķ϶֮У֮У߳Ӱ
ӰߺһģһΪҲ¡
һˮ𣬶һ֮ǰĸߺ࣬ͬıȣΪҲѾˡ
ˮҲڣȻڵĸߺŲСĲ࣬˿ߺȻصһЦ
ǰߺ
˺ߺ
ߺɫȻɣѾˣȻѾãĿ죬ǲɹʣ
ӰʼĺϵһڸߺϱҵĺǧĿռ䶼ˡ
еһжסˣ·ʱֹͣһ
ߺߵǰĬĬ߶ڶ䣬ʼӲĽԼ쵽˻֮УԷץ
ԭأߺԼҲͷ棬ʼںϡ
ߺоԼڻһǣߺȻǿһطǾǸߺҲ޾硣
˻֮ĶԹ̻ʮ˳ġ
濪ʼ󣬽סǧϾȻˡ
ߺɾ죬˿ѾƵǧ磬Լʹԭ񣬲ҲͳѾ
еĺǧĵط۳һ档
ԭ½ĵطһ̫ϵϵ
ߺվϿգطߺΪ֮ء
Ҳٴ֮սһΣȻսˣֽףڡ
ļȫˣȥʲôطûֻ֪֪Щսֻ֪ڸߺͻƵ˲䣬ҲˣȻٴγֵʱ򣬾Ϳǰվŵĸߺ
ߺǱסΪúΪ֧ߣԼǣԸ磬ǿȨʲôǹ̡
ǱߺӣǳΪ񣬸غ
ãã֮УֻŹߺһ仰
һٴθʱϣ³һ
ȫ꣩
==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================