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ͼ ߣը

ݼ飺
һͼڵ硣
Ȼ棬ʯޣǣʮ𾦾౾ֻҪȻ󣬾Ϳ֮ͨȻٻΪԼġͼڡ
ϣһϵĽѧڣһҲŮѵĵùһ硣

ȼͼ֮·׾Ʒʮһ
һףͼʿ׶ΣΪƷͼʿƷͼʿƷͼʿƷÿƷż
ڶףͼʦ׶ΣΪƷͼʦƷͼʦƷͼʦƷÿƷż
ףͼ׶ΣΪƷͼƷͼƷͼƷÿƷż
Ps
Ŀǰά˶Ϊǵǵһ׶Σͼʿ׶Ʒĵھż򵥱ΪƷżͼʿ


һ 


001 ʮ룬ҲŮѵ
峿ҽƴѧѧҡ
飬Ǳ뿹飬񴦾Ȼǰһʮĵʦǵݣ
̨ϣһް߰׵۸ߺ
˽ϣһҽƴѧУҲһλġѧרҡ
ǰյ˰ҽƴѧһ뺯˵УУڡѧȡͻԽչؿһڽް࣬Ȥ121У
ЩˣһλУȥѧⲻ۸
ҽƴҽѧѧ֮һѧγ̣ǰҽƴרҵϾãȥͬǻ᲻Լ飿ҽƴĽǻ᲻ΪԼӣ
뷨ϼȲԸˣ
Ȼ󣬾ڽϿͬѧݣĲʱɢ˷ܵԽ
ϵ۰ڽްֻʮѧʮˣʮԺʮУλʵĽѧȨһȻȥġŵҽѧߣ
ңǸרȨϿεĵط
ڶĽܳΪͬѧӣӰ
λͬѧҺã
ʱһ̧ͷһԭλѧ˽
һһƶ̨ڷ߳Եʬ壬λͬѧڿҪʹõĽѧ걾۲죺һʮ꣬ڳһʮ꣬С
һֱһƤСӣһţλͬѧⱾƤ棬Ҫ˱ڽްĵʦΪ˸õɽѧλĶ˽ǵεʦ
Ϸˣ
̵ܹڶרȨµʦʲôأ
ޱȺ棬ݰƤĵһҳ
ڽްർʦɽϽڵΣϣйУʮꡭ
ϻȻɫ䣬ʲô˼񴦾Ȼһʮĵʦѵ֪ǵǿǽڣԺУŵߣ
ҽѾʮˣܽһʮĵʦ
һרҲվСӡžڵϡһʮˣȡöҽѧɾͣжٱǣ̫ˣ
רݣûн³ɫҲ÷ǳÿˣ
һԼһ飬Ȼ߰λרȺӦʱѪӿ˽̨λרңλǰûʸǣνʵ̫ˣǱ飡ǻӦ룬ýĵʦ˭Ըȥ𣿡
ȥ
ҲһɣֱǺ
ڵʱٽ㣬ֻ࿴˿һЦô죿Щרҵݣȫʸ飬ҲȫʸýϽڹ
ô죿ȥҽڣ
һ־ѾܿƵˣ˽ҡ
һţͿһ˿۾˱ǽϣһزһȣһ浭Цš
ڣѾˣ
ϵ۰ȻˣΪʲôȥּڣȥһɣרǵѾ

أԲȣֱȲһȾ̵ǰðɣȥʰǡ
˿ǵڣСģЩרҵݷͬһ㣬ǧҪǡ
˱ѾҪƿˣŤͷһЦ֪Ϊʲô𣿡

ΪʲôҶʮܳΪڣʮˣȴֻһ֣
⡭ָ̡
ΪνרңνȨģԽģģ𣿡


ǣ簲
ƿ˽Ҵţߵ̨ϣ˫̯ҽһ£ϣǿԽҽڣʦ
ɲǼ䣬ڰˡ
רǶںɵشŽϣ룬ǽϣŵʣЦݡ
ٺҲڸʮʵ
ϣ
ϰרǵ龡۵ףҲר˵ĻᣬȲ˲ԼĶ䣬ðɣλݣλĲ涼ѾˣΪû̵ǣ𣿡
רǻ࿴˿󣬵վûΪûʸ̵ǣ
ǣҵʸҵ˵ġ𣿡
һ
ðɣǣҸһᣬһ֤Ļ᣺ÿεԭѧƻȡһڿεʱ䣬ֻҪڽѧ֮ڣǿսκһˣǲλ룬Լ뿪ǵûܹսʤҡ
ҡͷЦЦûм˵ȥרǻ˼ҪǼȫʮλרңȻսʤңôʵʵϿΣʵʵؽһʦ
ϾʬԱߣڣ˭һսң
רǺȻʼԥˣǲ䣬ֻǵݣȥսһʮˡ
˰
ΣϼڶרǰչʾԼ˽̨ǰ֪ߵغСӣңҽƴѧУһѵ
ЦҪսķ
֪һʬٶȣһλרҶṹ˽̶ȣλרҵĽѧˮƽϣҾ͸һȽٶȣ
̨ץһʵһ԰Ҳ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ܽһʬ壬ֻҪӣϣұ𣿡
˵ˣҽκսʼ硣
ãڿʼʱ
һְļʱһֻӵʵʬؿڣ
רǵж¶˷ܵɫ
һʬ壬ɲһġʬ顯ɱһƤȥǡѡ
һɼʮָӵ֯϶ɡ࣬ԣֻаЩȫʿűطڽ̨ϣȫ룬ǡϡ
Ͽ˵ӣûѣṹ˽Ѿﵽˡָơĳ̶ȣңĽѧʵڡרȨ֣
΢ЦŹ۲һ󵤵ϵĽַȻʵҵĽٶȱ㻹ҪȻ뿪ǡһҪأ
һߵұʲôطʲôϣҶһʦ
ЦЦȻһʬԱߣƽԼȡ
ǰɣƿȻһɶ칤Ľʹߣ
ϵ۰ǡ
רĿɿڴ¶̰ɫһλר˵ȸ޼֮
ǣȻȵ˵ʯɣڲʮֽʹߣʵޱȣǣʱΪҼʼˣ
˵Ŀ⣬Цеŵϣλ˵һʬֻҪӣܺãΪĵʦҺοǡһʬ壬ֻҪʮ룡
ʮֽһʬ壡
רǻȻˣ޿ܣ
Ǿûò𣿿Ҫ˵ǡǲڲڣ
ͻȻһȣһСɷĽʵУתŴʬʺ
ǣǶйʷȤ˽٣һҶţĹ𣿡
һʣһ涢ڶרȨȻ˵˺ű߼ʵĻ
һλרҳĹ£˵Ҷڼʮڷֽһͷţ
ѡҶţڽ棬Ƿʮֽһʬأ
רȻѵҶţ֮
Ц𣬡һ⣬˵𣿡
ϻҽѧĽʼɣǵȻļѾʧˣ
˭˵ʧˣϺȻ
Ҷţ֮һᣡļɣҲᣡڰּں֮һӵһԼĽʵ
Ұֵ𵶣
й˵һһ𡭡𵶵˼˵ҽʬ壬ǺܽԼʱġ
ŵ
ӵʵЦеһָʬ壬רźȻ֣ǰʬ塭Ѿˣ
ʮֽһʬ壡
ͬһʱ䣬Ҳϡ
ȻɫǵģͽͬһʱϣǷʮ֮ſʼʵģҽһʣһ涢ר˵ûȥµʬ壬ָ˷ѵʱ䣡
ʮֽһʬ壡
˵϶ṹ˽⣬Ѿվҽѧ۷壬ʵ̵κһλרȨ
ʦϼѵ˵˶Լеĳƺ
ȴ˽̨棬ҵʦƺѧһŲѧƣǱƴٶȣ˵ҡԺ󣬻ľ飬ЭһͬѧڵĿγ̣ǵĶԼ͵һСЦɣ
ר׵ôǫѷ˰Ӯ˼ң˼ҾϹӣֵʦʲôָģ
ǵϡ
ϿĵϣЦЦƷлˣڣ˭ҵ˭Ҫʦ
ѻȸ


ʱ˶ëѩĶһװ
´İѩ¶ëѩ·ϵĳ׼Сײ·ߵˡ
ѾһĿγ̣ȣվһҿݵǰ
ʱȻû˿ϵ緢ִٲ޴룬һɬߵĴк
ҼбľҲ⣬ʮУһֱһ޴ź
һˣ飬һС˰Ůѡ
ǡ
ʮ˸Ů˸˰˴ΣҲܾ˰˴Σ
ʮҽѧڣнʮӢ꣬ȻһŮѶҲ⻰˵ȥ
ҲԸţʵϣûŮѣһǸУ
Ϊ˸ϸոһ绰ԼһλŮڿݼ棺ţԼʱǸŮ˸һԡ
ԸھŴθףԼɣ
Ʈѩƿ˿ݵš
ܾ߰˶ڿǰ˽ʱʱأͬǻĿͶһٴĿ
һʱеŮˣһһŮԵĹʣ
ǽϵĸ׶
һϽŮ˾екϣþòˡ
ʲôҲҪ˵ҪʣҰԼһ⡪㣬ҵŮѺ𣿡
һ۾˵
ֱ̫˰ɣŮסˣ⡭
͵͵һŮˣ̱۾
ʱһһĹȥڣŮЦЦǸҾǲʣǡͨѺ𣿡
ֱܾˣϹʽʵΪʲôҲ𣿡
㹻ˣò޿ޣۼҾҵʮѧʶ
ΪʲôҪܾң
ϸܴ죬Ҳѳֲס覵΢ЦܻشŮˣֱֱض
Ů˱Щŭڱ˵ʵ𣿺ðɣҸ㣬Ϊ޷ͽרҵ
ҵרҵ
ǵģרҵѧ
޷󣬽һλרѻʲôΡ˫֣ÿ춼Ҫʮߵʬ壬ڳʮȾѪ࣬Ȼҹ㻹˫ҵ𣿡
Ҹ޷󣬿ᰮʵ㣬ڼղظ٣ÿ峿ڳΪʱ򣬾Ͳòϵ۰ҽ¼ӢߵĵطڸֵУʡ
ԲЩˣʵϣᰮɣֻҾöģҲ㷢κιϵҾܾɣ
Ů˵꣬ͽ϶ӣûһ˿㣡
Σƽ˿۾ָǱ֮ΪЦݣˣټ
Щɬ
Ů˺ԥߵˣӣͻȻֻˣžҸϼŻ̵ĳƱ
üͷһ壬ȰѳƱ˻ȥôҸ˵ô
Ҳ㸶˵ֻҵŵԡҲ㷢κιϵǱһҲУ
˵꣬Ů޷ˣıѩ磬Ϲ¶ţģֻһӹ¶Ľȡ
ھŴαŮ˾ܾˣ

ϷԣѧʵˣǡҲŮѡĵù
Խ˵һ
ʮ˰˴ΡԲǾŴΣҲŮǾܾŴΣ
ÿһΣľܾɶ˵ƣϣԲʵ޷רҵŻʣ
ϣǸĵĻ쵰ҵ⣡
ˣŹҰɣ֮䲻аġ
̹ǵĴ֣ﻹǼȵĲģΪʲôΪʲôûŮܹʣΪʲôΪʲôûŮ˻ᰮѧʵң
ûȡһİ顭ǣҪûжԽѧֿпȡýĳɾ
ʣʬ壬᲻ģ
Է绪Ůˣ
š
Ȼ֣˴̶
һԭһɳ۵ܳڱѩ·ʧȥ˿ƣ͸粣˾д˾ֲѾѽϺܾˣĲɣȻûв
ˣؿԼ˰գǰﷺһɸ˹Ĳʣ
ѧʶʮ꣬ڣҿ˵ÿһãڶʮ֮ڷֽһʬ壻һ֮ڣһɢ٣ƴװǵģЩҹͣұΪʽţоṹĵһˣǣҲұܾ˾ŴΣһҲŮѣ
ϵ˱·棬еһ̣ƽ˿۾˸ǳзȵƣȻ󡭡ԳЦЦ
ðɣðɣʮֽһʬ壬ʲôãģһҲŮѵĵù
ϻ۾ûп˲䡭
յҲʧˣ


002 ﰲ
ǣô½Ůҹҹӵһǧ׵ľӵ֮֮ߵȨͲƸ𣿡

ԭ֮½̫ǽͷ
һֵĳվ̨ϣ˵γջĻ
һλʫˣڽͷ˵׬Ǯ˵Ǽλ½Ӣۡ
λһ¹µĿƪʡ
ʮе·Χˣһ·˼ʶ㣬һοƪʾʹƣѵҪģǴ½һˡﰲĹ£
һߴû񣬾Ӹ£ﰲĹ£
ڶʱ¶ͷɫУﰲ½Ĺˣʵİɣ
ʲôҿ֪ܲҪҴ½һ˭Ͼܸ㡪ﰲ
ûµĹ£ûоɣ
ƦƵ￪ʼ壬Ҫ˺̨
ȴŲæƵ̾˿ǰﰲòʵ̫ˣᵽﰲ˵һ뵽ģԶǹǣǿյ˫ԶƮѵĺɫԶǵľɫһЦЩǶˣҲ˵ˣԣ
һתҽ첻ﰲòҪģﰲġ
ﰲĵǰˣѵﰲһλõʿ
˲𣬷Ϧͣǰԭϵ֮ºŻƽʨӵİ׶࣬ɽҪƽ˹۹
ӭսսܣڣ׶ҹһʮݣһʱ߳ɼ⣬ͼɽ𡭡
˭֪׶٣ҹ۶ΧߣҲ߲ˣ˷ߺ޵һţȻþ֣ɾʱ򣬰׶ȴͻȻһ̼㣬̼ϣȻǺʱ֣дһιġ
̧ͷңԶɽľɫΨȴɱ硣
žʰɽͶ޶Ƶʤ֮Բ֮ҹ׼һã¶ãգ
·˲صɴ۾ѵŶǩﰲдģ
ǣﰲ̼۹֮£дŸ׶࣬˱شԭ
ɰ׶Ҳ֮ԭһߣᱻһŵ𣿡
Դ𣬡׶Ļشǡȫǣ
һҹɪҶ׷ɣ˴ƽ
ɾʱſˣ
ﰲһϮ£棬ǰʣ˱
׶Цƾ㣬ҲҰ
δ䣬һâﰲŰ׶ͷ˾֮ϣʣ˱
˫սǧԱ಻ʮˣһˡﰲĵ
ǣһǧף½һ쵶ﰲɴ˳
Ƿ׷ӳͭ壬ǶԹµѰ
˵˽˵ĸ׶ս˴ռﰲҲƮȻȥ꣬ǲﰲĴţʮλõ֣׵춨˴½һ쵶ĵλ½Ҳٷϣ½һ쵶ﰲⲻڶ룡
ﰲԣȴһ׮£ﰲȻһߣĿʾˡ
Ϊʲôأ
ԽԽ棬ҲԽԽ࣬Ƕһ˵ﰲȴòªûˣ
˵Ȼͣθڣ˵ﰲôӦЩ˵ģ
˹Цȥ꣬½ٰһѡᣬѡ˶ʮˣɾڰ佱ĵҹﰲ˽ҵʮλˣǰժԼߣһЦ
ڶ죬ʮλϵϯûʸ콱˵ﰲڣ˵ĳƺžԶֲǣ
ʱϦ£˵ϳ˳ӰӣӴˣﰲ½һ˵ĳƺŴ£ҲܼﰲòΪ١ϣڽﰲʢʱȻһ˷˼ľ
˵ؼͻȻͣĿɫʣһɨڽס
ʲôڷ׷׽Ŀ˵
ЦԽȵԼҲţﰲ˳ʿᣬȥһʦ

ﰲ˵˭ĵٶȱҪ졭ٺ٣ŮˣﰲͰκһµߵ顣
Ҫأڼȵѯʡ
ˣﰲʹǸɵйĲƸһǧ׵޹ڴ½ľա޸
ǺȻĬˡ
ΣһԲӵģҲǵʦȥﰲһȣ
ҪûȤҪȢﰲ˲ֻһǡΪ˭ĵȴ½һ쵶Ҫ죿
ʦ࣬ǿӵĵڰСʱ֮ڽһͷţ
˵ᶼЦˣһͷţﰲֻҪʮ룡
ǣȢﰲһĶʮ뵶˵ɣ
һ侯˹£Ȼʰϵͭ壬һСƹݡ
δ۷׷ףʮܽһͷţﰲ𣿡
ҪȢﰲⱲҲֵˣġӵĵ찡
ʱȺһڣӲߣȳƵȴƲƲ죬޵ϣ֪ϼһһڴţʮֽһͷţޣôĵ
㲻ڲڣ
һʮվߣҡͷ˵
һڣһļȳƣһǣĸԸߣòΣһͷĿɫ
ҲڲͬȻ͸һɾǿͰЩѵ˵ζһʮˣһĥѣ֮ĳˡ
Ҳѵ㶮
ץס޵ϵ죬ѵ㿴ʮֽһͷţĵ
޵ָָԼıӣ˵ҼҾͻֵ𣿡
ţһ׳գЦҪֵȥﰲ˵Դ½һûȤ
޵Ц𡣶ʮֽһͷţĻֵĸ죡ǡҲĶԴ½һûȤ
½һˣҲŮˣֻҪŮˣͲᰮģ
ΪϲڳѪܵ࣡
Ϊϲһ֯٣
Ϊ벻ʬͽʣΪһҲŮѵĵù
޵ϣϡ


003 õ
ϲ֪ʲôֻǵãһһİ۾
ʬ꣬ռһ޵ϡ
ԭ֮½ûнϤħħһĶȻһֽͼڡͼʦ߸ϣӵ޿ɱĵλ
ˣ
Щ߰Ķйϵ
ϣֻһū
׼ȷ˵ϸ޵ϣǡά˹ءү£ά˹ũһū
ÿ첻ҪƤ޳ѣȻݣι࡭һֱæµҹϢԷɾһڵΨһһٷҲֻںͷһֻ˰εҰ
Ҫүǲ˯ϾͱǵҪǷүǲСĲˣߵ˼ʱ죬ϾͱܶʮƤ޵ĳͷ
ǽϿȫͼڡͼʦһūʸЩ
ϲûзǣոձԹ䣬ͱũֵʮƤޣЩ
Ҳܣͼڵ磬ļϱ˴һصӡƾӡ㽭ܵĺǣصͼʦҲܰץȻ󡭡ƤЧȣ
أҲͽūˡ
ӵ¸صĽѧڣΪūϾãŮһЦ
ŶԲԭ֮½ûŮġ
Ӧ˵ȻвϢй֮ʵ˵ز˵ǰЩӦ顣

ķǵǽʲô𣿿һʱɣ
ϳϵȣһķԴ
ǳϵķҲһūǲɹģǳû͵һﰲĹ¡
֪ġѽˣ֪ǰܼҴ˾ͻǵģ
ķϲ˵֪𡯵ĿͷΪߴūḻūһָ߸ϵԽС
ʱأߣü
ȣʧ̫ǵĽͷ
ֵһ£ǸʯɣڲʮֽʹߵȾȻҲˣ벻ͨΪʲôȣͺҵһ־ϵļУͷ̤ʵ١
⣬Ѿ࣬ͲʣòҶȺȥһڴҲûԸġʺ
ߺ󲻾ãͷ·˻ɢȥҶﰲ顣
ʱǷֵʫھƹݵĴ̽ͷۻɢȥ·ˣ˼ҵĹ¿ɶǻѵ˼˵һΣ
û˴ͷ
Сһǣ˭ǽ
˷߷߲ƽϸ̨ɤӴ󺰵Ůʿǣǣﰲ飬ͰǵԴתң˼һĺϢ
Ϣ·˺תͷ
ҡͷԵЦЦȻɫһһ֮ڣﰲض̫ǣ
ʲô
·˵Ŀⶼ¾۽ϣһϲ㲻ƭǰɣﰲСط
һ֮ڣﰲ֣˼Ҿʹȥ
˵նҲջԣǣô½Ůҹҹӵһǧ׵۷ӵ֮֮ߵȨͲƸ𡭡ֻҪǵĵﰲ죡

̫һʮ˿ڵСУشȺɽ֮䣬ΧһȦɫ
Щֵǣ԰ũĲ߶ʮʶСƽ
ά˹زũڻƽ棬ռǧŰĶӵǧ˰ū̫Ǹũ֮һ
ɫողڵʱ򣬽Ϻķ׼ʱصũʱƽɶ񵽼ĹܼҲ֪ǺȶˣǸոռĳŮūıˣܲʹһӣЦеصǵĹĻȥɣϢһ
֪𣿹ܼҴˣҸм
ķ˷ܵū˵Ϣһݳ޵Ľˡ
ֻǵͷתߡ
޵ϣ
ܼҺȻס˽ϣϷʵķȥϢ㲻УάСأ
άС㣡
һ֣ԼʮרҵҲɫרҾĽϣȻ߰ʮֻӬЦ˵
άά˹زãҲǽϵˡ
ƽĶۣά̫Ůˣʮ꣬սӾ޵Χ룬͹ɽһߡʮ꿪ʼͰﲮũ飬һƯַǳܸɵŮˡ
άͬʱȴһĲٳıƢ˵ʱǿڡ֡տڡͳӴˣΪƢάʮҲûм޳ȥΪ̫ġʣŮ
ĳֽϲԸ˵ڵԭάǿϲ˳ۣҲʰ
ҵάСʱάũСϪ߼ලŮūϴ·һ̵߹ˣȻŭ޵ϣ͹ڡ
ڶûаҵĻϣ
ĬĬ˵ά°仰ÿһΣά仰ףȻҲάС㣬ҲʲôԸ
άһָСϪʮ·ȥȥϴ·ֵҲĻϣͷ֮ǰϴһټ·ϴ꣬ľͱ˯
֮ǰģѾߵˣ
˵ŮˣҸĸ׷һβϷϵĽ𣿡
û˵ڣʵʵϴ·
ūҪūԾ
ŮūǼϾȻŮ˵ĹԳԵЦһŮūŽϵĿȤ޵ϳôΣֻŮϴ·Ҫָܱɼ޸ͺ
ͲҪ޵Ӣūһ㶼ǻᱻ͸Ѹġ
Ѿͷǣ˵ʲô
άŮūۣóƤޣžһ˽ϵϡٸҷϻͳС
ϵ϶һѪۣʼ磬ϴ·
˷Լ鼸ÿһ춼ᷢգġʡʡɣľˣ
˭Ǽūأ
˵Ҳ֣ά޴ϵϵϴҲû¹˰̣ĳһάС˽ϵıӣҲڼ͸ԭˡ
άǳǡڸĵС

ԭ֮½ɫѪɫ͵ɫ
ߵʱŮūͻȥϢˣټά˹ũֻмѲҹĴ߶ϻСϪһһϴ·
ʱ֨֨СϪԴһ̶
һŮ˹
ŮǸмˣϥֻյĿȣſһªƽ峵ϣץأٶȱţôһ㡣
⣬ѾûбҪҴʻŮ˵ͺòˣʵϣŮ˵һѵ̣ᣬҹǸһֲĹ
һ˿ֲĹȴĵЦ˳ĸôˣ
Ů˽ɯ
ɯ޵ϵĸȻҲǽϵĸˡ
˵ɯԭһǳƯŮˣڳΪūĵһ죬һɫбҪռɯ޷˵سһˮԼϻһ˵̡
ҲǾ˵Ũһɯ˾Ͻ˿ȥ˰ɯ˫ȣ
Ȼ϶Ǿ˵ѣڽϿɯʵӵġ
ϻǵãʬĵһ죬Ϊ޵ϵԭͲãҲĳ˵ԭӾͺһվվ
ũû˻ȥһūά˹үܼңūǣάС㣬ҶڵŽϣ޵ϣѾ˹ҪѽĽȥιҰ
ʱɯŲм˫ȣס˴ǣά˹үˣˣ޵ϻû
ά˹үʼ磬װİɯҲһˣ޵ϾûҲѾˡ
ǵģ޵Ϸˣһûзϣ
ɯҧ˵үһһ˫֣Ҹƴ˵ֹˣֻҪ޵ϻҡ
ά˹ү˻ƲƲ죬Ӧˡ
ɯǧлһĽϻص޵ĸγϣ޵ϣ㻹ţ㻹žͺã£Ժĸ㣡
Ůÿ춼Ųм˫ȣֹϼòҶ࣬ýϻ
֮ϲ˵ԭ֮½ͨʶߵÿһˣֻװһ׳աԹ硣
ǶμѵȻǰɯŮ˺̻࣬˽˵֣Զūĳʶ˵ûаɯҲûнĽϣ
һмŮΪ˵زϻݿֲ𣿻᲻ĸԸغһĸ
Ķⳤģ

ǰɯЦ㻹ûлĸ˯ţˡ
һ̧ͷֲĹϳ˾ֲɫ󺰵Ҫǲô죿ҪǱɱô죿
ΨпЦ
ðɣɯĸʵһˣ׼ȷ˵СЪԻ뾫񲡡Ҳҽѧ˵ġܲ
ǻ˻ɱϣֻҪӼϣͻ᲻ÿһˣҵĺӻҵĺӻ𣿡
Ҫһ쿴ϣͻŲм˫ĴѰңһңһ˺ѷεغޣأҵĺһɱˣ޵Ѿˣء
ʵ˭ɱϰûһֵǮ
Ӳ˼˿ЦݣοĸĸİɣҲûɱңά˽ϴ·ء
㻹žͺã㻹žͺá
ɯ˿ƽ峵϶һ룬޵ϣһ죬Էɡ
ūһֻܳһٷɯĽϳԲÿ춼͵͵ظһࡣ
һĶɣòҶһɫʳãпܵ¸ֳθһ߰ĺͣǰɯࡣ
Ϊƽɯƽ࡯
˵ʵϺȲȥ࣬һĸŶҶĳ棬һˣˣһͺȸ˻ƽࡣ
ĸ࣬Ǵ½õ࣡
ɯЦˣܲĹһţ˾ͺã˾ͺã죬ĸٸ㰾һƽ࡭
һ㣬ϱ޵Ѿˣÿ춼һƽࡣ
ǰ޵ϣ׼ȷ˵ϵѾƽ࡯ˡ
ʮ꣡


004 ɱ
賿룬ϴһټ·ƽ峵ϵĸصԼס
ɯһֱ鵽賿㣡
ϺͰɯסȦԵһһ׶ߣı©磬һɴ̱ǵζﻹ˫ʵ
Ϊū￿Ȧл͵Ե׳ˮֱūˣ
ĸάСȻңẦң´ЪϢ𣿡
һƽ峵ϵĸһ˵
УУɯҡͷһ๤ֶĸҪǲһƽ࣬ġ˵
ͻȻҪɱô죿ĸߣ˭㣡
ĸĲԽԽˡ
Ͽɬ̾˿Ϊҽѧڣûĸļǡ
ǽѧĽڣԾƼһϲͨ
ϱӵʱһλѧ˵ĲҪҩҽҪƾļҩǱģҪǣҵߵĲԴӸ֡
Ϊ仰ѯʹΣĸУҪɱԼġǡ˭
ÿʵʱĸͻɴ˫ۣʹ˺ͷ󺰵ҪɱҪɱ޵ϻֻһӰҪɱǾɱҰɣеĴһ˷µġĴˣ
мΣɯ˻ߣȥ
Ƶ鷢˼ΣϾͲˣȻĸһηǳʹĻ䣬һҲȻ޷ַ˵ʹࡣ
ϻǴӹܼҿ˽һЩȥ顣
ݹܼ˵޵ϺͰɯʮǰģʱһ֧ūӶ·̫ǣܼǡ빺򼸸ūȥ˿һ۱ɯˣ
ʱİɯɲڵĹģȻѾ˾񲡣ƽʱ̸¸ţֹӺݣΪūȴ͸һֹ˵ķ緶ܼ룬һȥһֺúɫˣ͵ĳöң˰ɯ͵ʱֻ޵ϡ
ūȴ˻һöң˵ūںģûκ֤öҵĸ߼ۡ
û֤ûϵԼʰɯ𣿹ܼһǼɻصũ֮󣬹ܼҲűطֻ֣Ҫȥ鰬ɯͻᷢ裬ʲôʲ
ũû֪˵Ĺȥ˵֣ҲǹܼڵǼʱ˳ֺġ
޵ϣ˯ɣ컹Ҫɻأ
ϱĸһʵۣȻñЩᡣ
Ѿʮһ·ݵʱˣһСѣĸȻһǣԼסѷ죡
ů͵شнеһ̺ӡ˽ϡ
ĸ˯ɣ󡣡
ҪŲĸɯȻ۾ѵУУѷôҪǡǡɱô죡

Զԣֻð̺Ӹĸϡ
һɯͷ΢΢Ҳղ۾
ڲԼ䵽˾أڰǰ췢һС¡

ǰİһūˣܼҴűӷԸϣ޵ϣȥʬũ棬ģˣҲñɷϼũף
ԸܼҴˣ
ϿȥȲԸؽ񣬿һתЦеؿʬ壬һƫƧС֡
ʬ壬˽ʬ壡
תԺ󣬽һֱһʺţҪ֪ԭ֮½ṹ͵ʲô
һֽרҵȻģ
ڣũĹܼҸ˽ᡭ
ǰɣչ˽ȣҪʬ壬ԭ֮½ṹ
ɾʱ
޵ϣҪ
һͷ͵ϻɯĸ֪˳һھҧס˽ϵ
Ҫʬ𣿲УԲУ޵ϣĸѾǸˣϧ㲻űȥӡǡûһУ
ˣĸ˽ȣĻңһʱûĸ˵Щʲô
֮ŻعʵĸΪʲôܽʬ壿
ɯĹϳҧгݵĺ⣬޵ϣĸסǧǰ½еǿеͼڣеͼң䲼ɱ
κʽʬ֮ˣȻ棬ɱ壡
κμֽʬ֮ˣȻ棬ɱȫ塱
κιҰӽʬ֮˼壬Ȼ棬ɱȫ
˵ɱʱ򣬰ɯϵĵŤͺ˵һδεѪɱһζѪʷ
Ͼ˵ð죬ŸɬشıɱΪʲôɱ
⡭
ɯıܹ죬ĸҲ˵׼ʬˣߣһȥ
˵ţɯŽϻص
Ϊĸľ񲡣Ҳû£ȻҲûѯʹϽȵ顣
ǾʬȻҲʽڻҰظˡ
ǰһɵӷʬ壬ǶˣǰѸõ⵱˹⣬ɵӡءءڣ˺ü⡣
ȻʬҲͱˡ
콭Ͻ̫ǳǰɵӡ
ʱɵȫҶ˳ϣĥ׼ɵӵȫҶٴ
ɵӵؿڻһӣдԽʬ壬ɱ⣡
Ǳɱһκνʬ֮ˣȻ棬ɱ壡

Ϊ£⼸춼û˯þԼЩԲǸɵӣáʵ̫ķˣ
Ϊʦ˵ֻ
ǣΪʲôʬ壡
ѵԭ֮½˲֪ҽѧĻûнʣͲи߶ȷִҽѧ
ѵ䲼ɱ˲֪ȻȥѪȣֲŷɥȴоصѧƣжܣΪҽѧҿ
ϺȻãūҲûʲôܽܵģ˾Ƥ޺Ұѡ
ΪһѧȨһܽʵ磬ֻܵϲһڻȴǺεȵı
ģģ̲סݺģ
޵ϣҹ㲻˯˭أ֪Ҳ㱻
ͻȻ洫һԹһ
һ֪ͷϾ˿棬װķ賿㣬ӦŻҰɣ
㣿찡Ϳ𣿡
ķŵָָգѾߣѾ峿ˡ
շתжȹСʱ
ķûйƽЩˣץסϵֱۣܱߵ죬ȥȳ֪άСеūȥȳϣȥˣǻᱻӴġ
ѵˣ
飬Ժ䶯Ĵ飡
ķı鼫ȿţ֪һᣬһūΪƽĻᣡ
ūΪƽ񡭡
ϵ͵һֻȫѪҺ˲ӿ˴ԣһΪʦƽģţܲϢ


005 ͼ
ԭ֮½ƣǿ꣬еĸֺǿ߶һͬ֡ͼʦ
һһΪǿͼʦȻĶؼڸԼĺҪǺھӪͻѩһγһǿʢġͼҡ
½ǿʢͼңǺųơǧͼڵһҡؼ塣
ϵˣά˹زؼĳԱ֮һ
ȻֻһҪΧԱũҲܲǧ
Щ飬Ѿ˽⵽ˣǰȳ·ϣķੲݵ˵һ顣
Щͷʼ磬ϵ˵ðɣɫܲأ
Ҽ˵ˣ
ķ˽ϵ˼ڨڨһЦǰūݵĻᣬ͸ҵܲйأ
ܲһСܼң֪ʲô𣿡
ķ˷ܵ㵸ܼ˵ܲҪ׳ꡣڽ֮ǰ׳ǧǿ׳ūȥȳȥüܼѡġ
˵ţķõĻ뵱Уٺ٣һǱܼѡУͻԶūݣΪؼ񣡡
޵ϣǶᣬǿ׳ūһᱻܼѡеģ
񡭡
ߴūĸ˫ǣ޹ҵķ˵һĺϢ
ǽȴ˵ˣɫȻ˰ŵֻ׳ūʸ𣿡
ķҲĬˣš
ֻ׳ʸǰɯĸô죿
ѵԼƲĸԼȥһ߹ĸֻ·һ
ͣ˽Ų
ķ˽ϵ뷨ο޵ϣƽ׬ǮȻٸɯĸ
ķɯĸ˽⣬¡֮ǰѾˣ
ϺȻתȥһȥιˣķףˣ
ι㲻ȥȳμѡ𣿡
ϲᶨûгɡ
ʱ򣬴ȳѾǰˣһڹ׳˽Ϻ޵ϣҲᾫ׳壬֣ѽѽūأ˼ҿһ
׶ߣŽ˿ۣһƤСñĺڹһڡȻһǻ
дߴٽϣ޵ϣ⤻ʲôλǼܲļܼң죬ȥ
̾˿Ϊūûа취ֵܾġ
ðɣͱֳԼǸˣѡչĸɣ
뵽ϱһԼĵ͵ĸ߹֮ǰһ㡭
ʱɫ죬ͺǸðˡ
һλҽѧ˵װʵ̫ˡ
Ȼܼҿһ徫׳Ľʵһӣɵõһۣתķ˵ѽѽ׳ūʲôѽ
֪ҽķ
վūУûȤȥ̸Ĳɵش𸽽Ρ
ֻ˼ۣͺȻЩԾ
ȳֻٸūάĴҲͱȽ٣ūϵĴӣũٰʮȫҲѾ㹻άˡǽ졭˴֮⣬ȳȻΧǧľˣ
ɫؼףɫ磬һɫĳ̵ǧվڴȳΧֱͦȻûһ˿죡
þľӣ
ھӺ棬ʮ޴ӣˮ״ϸʮ׸ߣȫź첼
֪Щʲô𣿡
һͷϾ֪ķˣͷҲصӣѵ֪
ٺ٣ܼѾˡЩӽͼרŲԡͼ츳ģ
ͼ츳
ǵģǿԼǲʸΪһΰͼʦ
ڻعͷɻķѡһЩǿ׳ͶҪЩͼʲô
ķͣɾʱ򣬼ܼҿūǼϵĲˣָʾūǶǰϡ
ѽѽ׳Сһǣ˼л˵أ
Ϸһ㼦Ƥ񣬿һķּŰūݵĿȷӣūҲĵץ
ܼС˼أ£һѡǧǿ׳ū˼ȥҵ֥ܲ񡭡ǿһٽﵾȣŴȳȦȵյǧͱѡ
ڵڶ˼һҪѡһǿ׳ˣֱܲӣ
ξ
ȳںȻѻȸ
˵ū˷ܵطǲξǼķ裡
ԭ֮½˵ĵλʹǸְҵߵģһͨĴ±Ҳһ¶ʮöҵľãҲ˵ֻҪ꣬һǿ׳ū
ףΪʲô˵أ
ܼؿС֣˼Ƕ˵ˣ𣡣
Ҳû˾üǻ˶ģ෴ūǾãļֱ֮
ǿɲҪ˵̫Ŷҵľӿɲ˭ܼģξǾͱӵСͼ츳
ɨһʮͼѾµʲôˡ
ȻܼҲŤƨͼӵʮûУǾ⡮ͼ츳ġסŶֱ֮ܲͼҪͼӵͼ츳лΪһλ߹ͼʦѽϲأǾү
ʱоеĽվȵڣҵū𵾹ȿʼֱ֮ܲܲӵͼ¼ϣʼ츳

׼ķһîһٽĵȣ˷Ƶسǰ棬֪һǵһ
ūһ㶣ҲϷӦһ˼ܣŸʲôξܰ
Ϊ˲ūܰ
ڼǧȵūУȴԵ÷ǳ̵࣬ؿһٽﵾȣͼʮū˶
ʵϵķҪǿϼ֣Ҫڵһûùڵһȥǧ֮һ
Ȼ˭Ϊɯĸ
ȳһȦа˾ŰףܵÿģʮӾյ㡣
ķǵһ۵ǿһͦţ󺰵ү֪ҽķ
ܺãķūݵ֤
ٵͽķһС£Ȼƿһͼϵĺ첼ȵķ㣬ͼ۾ȥӦΧĻͼжϳ츳
Ǽͼ츳İ취
ȦĽϺ˹ȥֻķͼ棬˫֣ﲻס֪֪֪ںܼ𣿡
ͻȻ
ˣˣˣ
һĺţһž޴ĺƸͼ档֮ϣһƴСǷʯ顣
ʲôķŵž١
ЦˣӵʯһԹͨȻеʯлٻʯΪġͼڡķ㲻ˣлΪһ߹ʯͼʦؼ壬ֱܲӣӭ㣡

ķͷ棬˺ѷεش󺰣ְ֣үүүүүү֪ķūķǾү
ϲˣķ
ϿɬЦЦͷܵøˡ


006 ͼ
ԭ֮½ȻţֻҪǴȻĶԵġ
һ࣬ǵ̺һصȻ֮š˼ܼ򵥣ǿԴһʹ˿ԺĳȻͨ
棬ʯޣǣʮ𾦾౾ֻҪȻ󣬾ͶԹͨ
ɹ֮ͨ˾ͿԽȻٻΪԼġͼڡӶȻ󱣻Լɱˡ
ķղͼӵСʯ֮šôͿԺȻеʯͨлٻʯͼڡ
Ҳ˵ķлΪʯͼʦ
ע⣬ǡлᡯӵСȻ֮šζķһԳΪһλΰͼʦʵϣͼ֮·أӵСȻ֮š࣬һûгΪһλΰͼʦ
ӵСȻ֮šҲʹķˡ
һܣһʶū̸ЩʱҲԤϵأԵڰյ㡣
£
ʱͻȻȣͺȳǿֲĵˣ
΢΢һԼʲô󣬵һ֮ͷ־˵Ŀ겢Լ
ԭǲԶһͼ棬һūѾọ̈̄ڲμͼڼ⡣
ʮ׸ߵͼѾʾͼڱ󣬾Ȼǡһɭɭͷ
찡
ūǶŴˡ

ϵų˼˷ܵĹâʬΪĽרңͷûп־壬ûãȻֻмһ˷ܣ
˳ȥͼڱΪõūץٴ󺰣飡ŸūѪԵϵˣڣȫץ
Ϊʲô
һͷˮʱͻ˶æץˣһ¾װķͳû˹ҫ޵ϣ죬ҵ¾װ
ȱȱɨһۣĿֻصǸūϣķ˷𣿡
ˣǲˡ
ķܵ⣬Ħ·ľװʵ֪½ϵɱ𣿸ʬйص
κνʬ֮ˣȻ棬ɱ壡
κμֽʬ֮ˣȻ棬ɱȫ壡
κιҰӽʬ֮˼壬Ȼ棬ɱȫ
ɱںâڱζ᲻ĵ֪ܲ
ʵɱĿֻһǡֹͼڡ֣
ͼڣ
ԣͼڣ
ķҲǸոմӾ˿˽⵽ģ˿ŪһҲ졣˵飬ȻﶼܱٻΪͼڣҲ⣡
ٻйصȻΪͼڡͽͼڡ
ķص˵ͼڡǴ½ĽɣһˣһΪͼйءôļ壬Ҫ
򣬡ԣ˼ǡ
ɱ˼˵һʬ壬ͻᱻڳͼڡ롮ͼڡйأԣȫҶ

ˣΪʦľ˿Ӧ侲侲侲
ðɣԭ½ϲֻǲʬ壬һԭ֮½Լ˷κεܽӴ
һ˷ܽӴԼаɯĸҪͼйء
ϺȻðһ˼뷨пܡԼǲø˳һЩ
Ȼֻһ뷨ѣת˲ʧˣΪūĽ˵뷨һʵʵ
侲ʵΪʲôΪʲô롮ͼڡйؾҪ
⡭֪Ҳ֪Ѿںüǧˣ˭֪ǧǰʲô
ķڨڨһЦһָͼڱΪõūղŵļѾ֤ˣùӵС֮šлΪͼʦȫңͱ
ʱūȫҶץˣʮ˿ˣѪԵϵũ¡
ǲʲôݣٶһӣ
ڴȳ䣬ʮ˱Ķ
ʬȫ٣ά˹ز˵ūͼйءԺСЩ
طԸ˼䣬ȻŶеĽֵ֣ˡ
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ϺȻðһɳ嶯ȻѾչĸˣµͷͻȻϣԼܹӵͼ츳
ϸæԼڴУԼӵ츳Ȼ¹¿ĸŲ˶õģ
վٵķԸϵıͼ档
ͬһʱ䣬ͼðһ̣һŹĺƣϣֳظУ
һԣķ˷ܵؿ˳޵ϣ֪ڱ츳֮ǰҲģӵͼ츳һӵͼ츳
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008 ٹ֮־һЦ
̫һԴܼĺõط￪ά˹ũһܶģϵͼңҲԴɼ㡣
дԵģά˹ũԼҵ𡪡Ħ忪ġɺũ
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ά֮ŽϺ֣һƬյأȻȥټū
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ǡͼڡؼѧһ֮õͼͬʱȣĽ⡭ʱҾͻڶµݡ
ؼ
ϵָˣȻ뵽̫ǵһף
Сʱ֮ǰһץͰԼ˾·ԼžϵĶ
ףɵԼ𣡣
ⲻһžᣬԼĸһɺϵ
һ֮ڣһѧϵĶ
ϼᶨͷʱȦѾֻʣһˣصĺӰѾ֪ˣ
ϿеؼȻðһ˼ͷ
ӰʶԼһ˵Լά֮䣬һԼԸ˵ڵ顭
ѵԼߵˣױģ
ǡ
˭أ
ϰ˼⣬ĿȤðɣά˹ũǧͼڵһҵķֲ棬ȻһͼʦԼߣȻһͼʦ


011 ۸ؼɯ֮ͻϮ
һҹ϶ڶؼеС
ȻûеΣѧϰط֮ǰϻ£һصﰲοĸ˯¡
ڶؼ˴ĵؽѣؽ붬ԺѾˣ۽ʲô
Ȼڵؽ棬չؼ
СһסԣҲ⣺һصȻ󣬲Ҿ֮ţлῪͼ֮·
ؼصĺӰдģȻȫԽϡ
һƪؼͼҪһЩͼڵĻ֪ʶЩѾ˽⵽ˣЩݣֱȥһĶ
мǣͼ֮·ϸϽĵȼ֡
˵ͼڵܹ׶ΣһӵȻ֮ţҳɹͨһȻ֮Ϳͼ֮·ĵһ׶Ρͼʿ
ͼʿ׶ַϣУƷÿƷżһżǿ
Դƣڶ׶νͼʦҲƷżͼʦ֮ϣǡͼߡͼʿͼʦͼ׶κ׾Ʒʮһͼ֮·
׾Ʒʮһͼ֮·
ϺȻǰһƬ
̫ǵһףǡƷʳ˻ͼʿ
ϵһƿڵĳνʱֱһͷˮѾˣν˼ǣʳ˻Ѿ˵һ׶Ρͼʿ׶εƷ
ðɣֻһͼʿĸҲǸС
ɾСѾƵԼĿˣ
һ뵽ϵĿھĪһʹ
ԭԼһСﶼ磬ðɣԼһСеСһͷβߣ
еؼӿһɺ飬Ѿӵ˳ΪǿߵĻᣬðɣһ죬һ׸ǿ
Ȳؿȥ
СһҾͼ֮·һġ֮šͨһйص󣬲ҴмȡʲôȥһйصȻ󣡡
йص󡭡
ϺȻЦˣڵĵؽѿģһͷⲻֳɵ
ãȻѾҵô·֮ͨмȡ
ؼ˵˫ȥܸ
һʼϲûиоرı仯ľԽԽУȻϵתһжת
أת⣬ýΧĿҲת
ͻȻһٶͷ޷ԶһһأƮһƲҰɫ壬Щ˳ŽߵһԵӿ
𣿡
Ͽϲһӿг
ϻҷɣؼ˵һÿһ䡭
ؼϵ˵ֲҰɫ̤֮·ı־ҲͼڵĻ
ڽϿС˵˵͡һЩͼʦָ֣ô͵ֵָġ
һλͼʦ˵жҪѾҪˡ
ܺãѾʽ̤ͼ֮·
ؼдڻ㿪ĴЦʱСһӵ֮̿ʼ
λ϶ɬѶһҲˣС˵˵ӵ֮󣬻ѧϰķҲǡڹ
ؼдһáڹ
СһĹСһڤע˫ȵĹ֮䣬ӳһٶȡ
ϿɵһĶؼһ水˵ˡڤ
ǣһһϦ飬ؼ˵ĺڤٶȵģɽСʱ֮Ҳֻٶȡ
ðɣðɣ
ؼһԣڵϰյĶͷСʱȴֻһĳɾͣ⻹һ˾ɥ飡
ҲףɲʲôС˵еǣûмѧһؼ͵ȴѭ򽥽
վҪؼȥ
ɾʱ޵ϣʲôѽ
ɯĸͻȻ˵ؽѣûгƽﳣõƽ峵˫ģ
ɾ˫ֵȴðɯŵٶȣһգ۵Ĺͳ嵽˽ǰһץؼ
ףڿĸһʲôѽ
ɯҡͷԵشؼȻľַˡ
Ѿ˵ˣһһ£ĸȻӵٶȣµǡ
ˣ֮̽ĸֿԼ̣
ôͣ
ѽؼؼ
˼֮󣬰ɯȻУֵش󺰣޵ϣĸûи߹𣿾Բܸͼڷκιϵһͼڷϵأĸһ˲Ҫ㣬㲻ɯˣ躰ؼģĺܲҵģ
˵ˡɯӣö˭ģǲһĹĹֲĶʲô޵ϣҪΪ˸ͼʦģǸĹȻҲڰб㣬ǣģֲĶ͡䲻㣡
ҪҲҪõģ˵ţɯͻȻץһ̵ѪؼϡͿͿĨֲĶֻܵ㣬ĸ
ĸʲô
ڷӦһֱڷ确б㡯ĶҪҲҪõġһĻͳͳû
ϼæҪؼ
ǰɯҲ֣أͿĨ
ƽĶۣԽϵֻҪƿɯܶؼˣǡҲ϶˺ɯĸ
˺ɯŮˣǸڶĸ
أϿؼͿĨһƬ߰Ѫɫ
ΪǿߵĻᣬһϺɵϣҲͳͳˣ
ϱ˫ۣѾȥˡ
źãźã޵ϣöѾûֻʣõģĸȥϢ
סŶҪǸĹٴγ֣㲻ߣŲ̵ҵ޵أ
ɯĹЦݣЦ˳ȥ
ϲûĸ˵ЩʲôѾûʶȫľظڰɯ棬Ҫ뿪ؽѡ
ؼڵؽ棬ȥ٣֮ǰʧǵĽʰؼ
ɾʱϲɨؼȻһ־ϲսȭͷðɣûоһûо
ؼȻѾͿĨң֪ǰɯ飬ɺϣؼϻкּܶ
ؼɫīˮдɵģͿĨѪ֮Щּģԭ֮½ͨĶؽṹɰɯָ׻֣ܶѾЩںƫԲ׵Ķһ֣һ˼
ͱ˵ڡڤĽܣԭؼдģһڤע˫ȵĹ֮䣬ӳһٶȡ
仯֮仰ͱˣһڤüɢ˫磬³Լͷ˲ƶ
ɢ˫磿
ȫĻʶԡ
ͻȻֻþζǰһٶʱѾ˲ƳȥԶľ룡
ɯĴ۸ģոСʱȴгɹġڤȻһ֮ˣ


012 
ڤһеʣ๦Ҳ޸ĵĿȫǣҲͬڤḶֻ́ӵʱ䣬ȫ޸ĺġ
˵ǣɯ޸ģԭмʮеġֻܿеݡ
һоٶȵġڤ
ڶУ׹ǶУȫͻǣĹǴ̻ɱˣͬʱǴϸžҵʬԸʴڻˡ
С˲ǿԼƤԼһӲǵı֮¡
һ٣һйһзȻ򵥣γ֮ʵ޻ЧУ
һУһﻭһʺš
ԭ޹ؼĸһͿĨͱһģ⡭ĸˣΪ֮
˵ĸΪ֮ҪӾ޸һؼĸкεȷḻͼ֪ʶ
ѵĸһλǿͼʦ
ⲻܣĸҪһλǿͼʦô䵽мŮūĵز
˵ˣĸҪľͼԼҲûҪֶΣԼĸĹϵαװɵֱһ仰Լ˵ײ
뵽ЩϾĸǹΪ֮
ǡҪ˵ɣҲ̫˰ɣ
Ĵͷʵ벻⾿ôһ¡
Կ϶ǣɯ޸ģؼ˼ٸΣ
ðɣðɣĸ˷ѽ⡭
εʼ磬ȥĸʱؼϻмԿ壬ȴûĶݡ
ĸʱȥѯʣؼȴһֵɽ󣬱翴٣ǣϰеʣѸ˵ɨһʣµļ仰
Сһ⼸仰ʱӦѾΪƷͼʿˡֽ׶εĵȼס¡
һͼ֮·ƷÿһƷԼĶر־Ʒͼʿı־ǡ仯Ȼ󣡡
һܺ⣬һǵôƷͼʿ׶εı־ͿԱһˣ
ͿԼȼ

ǣԱˣǽѵƷͼʿ׶ΣͿԱһˣ
ϱ뷨һ
ؼƫƫдûΪͼʿƷ׶ΣԱ仯һˣȻٸ
Сһͼʦǿ֮⣬ڱ仯֮󣬺ôкܶܶ࣬ʵսᡭ
עǣζĲˡֵʵﵽƷͼʿϣͿɱ㣡
Ʒϵͼʿ̫ǵһסɱԼ
μţĿ⿴˵ڶ¡
סĵڶǣСһӦ½ͼڵ̬ȣһǰչͻ޾׷ɱԣΪԹչǰҵȱоһ֡սڸݡİ취
һط֮ؼս֮ǰʹáһЩʵսɣͿڸսɢϢȻսۿۣǣȴҲ㿴ȥһͨͼʿ
мǣܵģͼһ׵ǿߣĳЩصͼһ۾ͿϢ
ˣؼȫĽ
ϿֱѾΪƷͼʿƷͼʿҲż
һ
Ĵ𰸣ؼûᵽҲᵽˣѾɯȥ
Ҫ֪Լʵȼ͵ȥʵսһ£
ô˵ؼѾɣûõֵɽ󣬾Ϳʧˣ
ͷ˫ۣѸٻһؼݣȻ֡
ۣۣۣ
ĹǴ̣ӽϵֱϳ˳͸ؼ
ţǴϣһ㰵ɫҺ壬һɫҺ壬ƤؼͿʼѸٸãգۼ䡣ͻһƵɫ
ǰ׹ǶУ

ؽʱ򣬶ѾףһҹĴѩҲѾͣЪˡ
ȥѩһߺũһƬããѩУϹű׶żмֻСľɫӦһϻѩ׷ꡣ
ϲûȥ;ɫ̫Ҫѯʰɯˡ

һںĿغ˳ȻȾԼȥ
ɾʱάС㣬ʮǡôׯ԰ķתϴ˸档
޵ϣ־Ȼ
һϣ˰ΣȻָŽϵıӴе޵ϣ֣Сߵ֮ǰɱʮͷɱ𣿾͸й͵

ƨѽ˵ֿ϶ûɹţȥĳɼ˵ĻһɱһͷҾʹʮƤޣͷҵ㣬ͷңҾͰѰɯҲ
ðɣðɣӭ鹤С㣡
ν̯Ѿɱʮͷô飡
ûаϣȴ˾һάС㣬ȻסͣѽС޵ֵӣɱ˲ֹͷأô죿û˵ɱͷͷ֮ôͷѽĵص˵άϵѩС˵Ҫ޵ɱͷҸͷأ
ѾͷȥԼ룬ûʱЩ
žžž
άȥǳ꣬ƿڴƤޣӡ
ǣǣԼ롭
ϵı޺ۣŵôҲҴܿ죬ЦЦˣҪ޵ɱͷҾͶĸָͷָҪ޵ϵʮָ磬ѽͽŶ簬ɯָ
˵ʱȥάɫһ˫ԹĴ۾ס˽ϡ
ȻѰӵŭй˽ϡ
ʱάĶﻹһİˣ˲Сģŭö񶾵ֶΣάС㣬ũūķҪ
˵˴һΧȹͷͲñӣϻбһʽĳȻһλʦ
ϺȻЩ졣
ðɣðɣϺȻǵﰲĹʫڽ֮һֵ׳˳ԼһͷţֻҪСʱʫ˺һٳ̫ǾЦ
׳ˡ
ôū죡
άһ׳
׳ҲһάĹĵģûٴԷ
ʱѾȦάɱūҹ
찡άĸϻȻԽ𴲣
ūǴ˼Ѫܣʮӵʱ䣬ʮɱūͳ嵽άǰ
άû˵ϻָָ׳˽СȵϡһĵʦڣȵҪǵѡóūһЩ飬˭Լĵã죬վнͣ
ȵϣѵǵ۹Ĵ󵶹֮һСʱͿԽһͷȵϣ
찡ȵҵĸۼ㣬㡭ѡҰɣ
ūǼ״Σ
иҵԼĴ˵ʣɱū۹Ĵ󵶹֮һȵϣǴ˵еż

۹Ĵ󵶹֮һά˹ũҪɱūʲô
ڳţʱƤޣŭ޵ϣɵˣȵҪѡǵū㻹ûʸߣСȥĳɼ


013 ʢ
ðɣӭ顭
߽ԼɱȦ
ͬʱάһֱڶȵϣңĿʹޣ޲õȵϡ
죬ˣά˲ƽԼǱάӦڻӭﰲڼ䣬ά˹ũһжɺũ
ڸղţȵϾʹɺũά˵һԡ

ǰȵϲͨ;ֱάĿֵ˵άС㣬Ϊ˻ӭﰲɺũһǳҪ顣
ûʱㆪ£ƨͷţ
άһȵϴֵӾðһЩټڿ˵ʲôϡģɺũﵱߺô
άҲͷǳĲ
㣡㣡ȵֱţӵģάͷŸɾ㣬ڸ۹⿵ʱ򣬻ʵ۱ҲûôԵ
ҾͰԵˣάᡯؾվ
һ˾ͻ䣬ЩȫС󣬻Ǽϳǳصũվ˳Ȱ
˵ɣҪʲô
ɺũ˵̫ǵͷȴ£ǻӭֺﰲﰲųƴ½һ쵶Ż˵ĸ˵ĵܱ죬ͼ޸ˡɺũΪҪֺﰲ͵Ȥĵ취
ȵ˵ͲȥάΪˣɺũΪﰲٰһʢġӭʢ硯
˵ȵͣȻڵȴάѯʣʢ硯ʲô˼
άһС˵ȫȵϡ
˾
ǼϹվԲȵϲŲԸؽ͵ʢ˼ѡٸ֣ﰲٵ죬ٰһʢĵձݣﰲϯͽʢ磡ңɺũģαݵܸˣȵԺָָԼؿڣάС㣬ѡ֣̫طʲôȱûе֡
ûͣٺ٣еҪУܲܽгҿһ£
ȵһ˵һ漷Цݣʱ̬ȼֱԳ֮Ϊˡ
ά
Ŷԭ˵ġ
άĮصͷȻͷС˵
һӡ
ӡ
˵ӵʱά޶ԵӣȵѾ޿ˣİ𣬡ά㵽ʲô˼赶֣Уͽгҿ켸ûУҲҸ׼ţһ仰Ҳ˵Ҳ𣡣
˵ţȵתߣҲˣҿҲûʲô֣Ҳѡˡ
վס
άȻվ˭˵ûе֣ˣũĵʦйȵ㿼죡

ʵϣά뷨ǳ򵥣ȵϱɺũ͹װһ䵭ȵѿ
άΪС¾͵ɺũʱгԼĵʦ
άûϵǣͺһͣߵ޵ݣֻһط
άгũеʦȵֻ˿ЩʦָҡͷУϸǶ㲻ǵ֣ҵĵ飡άиõĵʦ𣡣
ЩĵʦȻϸ񣡣
άЩҲסˣŭȥ˽˳ʦгȵϣ˽˳ʦʮöƸĹһͨĿ죡
ȵƲƲ죬˽˳ʦˣʦһͷȻһ۲һҡͷУУһҲϸάС㣬﾿ûе֣ҪûУͲҪٵҵʱˣ
άɫ˵
˽˳ʦѾũõĳˣҲҲõĵʦˡ
һ뵽άϾͻģղԼȵѾˣǣ֮Լȴòϸĵ֡
Ƕ˶Ѽ
һ̣ά룬ģҪũվһ֣һ棬޸Ҳа
άѵȵϵʱ򣬻վ˳һקάӣС㣬ũвūɱ˼ʮĵ˵ͨȵϵĿ죡
ά۾һǰɱū棬˵Ͳи֣Цȵϣ˽˳ʦҲãҾͻȥˣȥһĵ֣
һȦǡ˽ϡ

뿪󣬾ǰĿյϣȵʮūһſÿɱһͷ
Ȼȵһ۲ǵĶʮūһ֣ȵϾͲͷػӻֵ֣Ҳҳ𣿣
άɫЩÿˡ
˰ӣȵ϶˶ʮūɱĵüɱˣƾֵͲӵıݶ飡
άɫ࣡
һ֮ȵ˶ʮūʱ򣬻ʸܿūֻʣ
άʶԼģ벻ЩūҲûһġ氡
ûõķҲɣ
ʱȵ̭ūƲάǰάС㣬˵ģġ֣һҪȥũѡˣˣ
ά澡ɥ
һĴֲС裬ǿȵҿڹҼС㣡ЩūĵѾǳˣƾʲô̭ǣ
ƾʲôߣƾ˫۾
ȵָԼ۾ӵȷС㲻˳ۣǣӴڳϺŪˣѡεֵı׼һһСʱһͷ㿴Щū˭һ㣡
Ҳ޻˵ˡ
ȵûйˣũūҲûܴﵽı׼
ȵϺݺһڣתȥ
ɾʱһŵ˹ŲҲЩ鸡ˣεضάС㡭
ʲôȥͷ޵ϣûѾͷ
άҲ
ǣǡ
ԥ˰죬ɥûнʰ޵ˣ޵־ȻȻھŸСʱ֮ڣɱʮͷ
ʮ㿪ʼߵӣǾŸСʱ
ǻһ£ɱһͷֻҪʮӣ
ϴɨȦͽؽأдϢƬ̣Щеʱ䡭ƺ񣬽ϽһͷֻҪСʱ
ȻЩ۳ʱ䣬ǽϵˮƽ
۳ʱ䣬Ѿõ۹Ĵ֮һȵϵԲ۾˵ʲôڰСʱڽһͷӵģӵģҽг
ʲô𣿡
ϴȦ˳һãȻӡ


014 Ϊʦƭˣ
˵Ŀⶼ˽ϣһʱ䣬ҵıȣ򲻿ţû֪˵Щʲô
ôһͨūʩչ½ʦٶȣ
Ĭ˼ʮ룬άһӦü޵ϣֽһͷҪʱ䣿
Сʱ
ϲû˵ʵɵϣǵձӡУСʱһͷѾһֲ˼ġ漣ٶˡ漣ڲܣ˵Сʱһͷǻ𾪣ò˼飬ҲһΪʵ˵ǿԽܵġ
෴Ҫǽ˵ʵһͷֻҪʮӡ
Ǿͻ룺ʮһͷǷ޵Ͼ⣡뷨£ǿܻԽϲȡκεֶΣ̿򣬱羫ߣðɯвϲʲô³ˡ
ľ֣ش֮ϱ׾
Сʱ
άһȵϣ۹Ĵ󵶹֮һǺųơڰСʱ֮ڽһͷ
ԭҲвĵ֣
ά˷ܵĴЦЩţԸ̧һͷ޵ϣɱҿߣҲȵֿһ
ԣԣϱݸҿ
ȵҲ˹ûάһܣһӿһֻ׼ʱİť
ϲ֪άȵ֮ĹϵĪˣûԸΪū͸ղŵˡ
ܿ죬һͷͱ˹ľ׮棬Ա߻һɱߡ
ðɣɱ
ϳһɱһ˿ܿ죬ʵˮƽʵ˼ʮٶʺ
һ£ȵϵ۾Ѿٶȿ죬ַ׼СǸɱĸ֣
ά°شҲ𣿿ϧѽϧǰܲҪ˺ܶū棬жʮ˱޵ָǿأ
ȵϵһ̾ҶѾˣϵȷڰСʱڽһͷǣһҲά
ֵĵǸ˭ѧģ
ά̾ʳ⣬޵ϣĵǸ˭ѧģ
ҵĵðɣάСǵáƤˡ𣿡
ά¶ãȻɫȻǲƤ˭ˡ
æС㣬ƤҲũūΪũɱũõĵʦ֮һ
ҵĵƤ˴ڵġ
һɱһؽ͵άС㣬ũЩĹ̫ܲͱ˵ɱūǾԼĵ͵͵˽һЩ⡭ðɣƤΪ͵⣬оһַǳĵÿɱһͷԼ°⣡
ǰԪڵϣҷȥƤһײƤ͵ܣ̸߹ܼ͵ģƤ˶˵
ϰյҡͷƤȻң˵ֻҪΪܣͰɱڸҡС㣬ҲˣƤ˵ĵľ͵⣬ҪѧֵпܴūΪɱĳӡɱȹܼҵʹͷĶˡҳϣûеסջҴˡ
ͰƤ˱ܣƤҲͰĵ㣿άüŽϡ

ʼ磬һ˵ľΪʦƭˡӡ
Ƥأг޵϶֤
άС㣬ʮֱǸһκͰˡǰƤѾˣ
޶֤
άС˼һ΢΢üŭԣȻƤӵֵΪʲôǰûбֳΪʲôһֱװһͨĳӣ
ͷҲص˵ţѯС㡣
άŭ
æͷС㣬Ҳƭĺкܶūһ֮ʮȴƫƫֳֻʮı¡ū˵չֳԽ࣬ǵԽأΪ˶ϢǣǲòԼ
Ƥ˲չֵԭ򣡡ϵάС㣬Ҫ̫ҲչֳԼĵġ
ļǣ
άһ޴ʯ飬ѹũ꣬ḻƤӵȴ鷢⡭Ļ쵰
ʯ֮άҲ˽ϵĻԡ
ʱһһعȥά˼⣬һһڴͬʱҲһԼҪ޷ܵٶȣɱϡ
άС㣬СʱɱһͷѾˡ
ӵʵȻʶأϰԵأ˳ְһЩɢĭԼĿڴ
а࣡
ʣϺͺûжʧһЩ
Ӧ˸ղŵĻԣƤ˵ĵΪ͵ģ
ϵСά޲ȥϣҲѾ˽ϵĹ
άӷȵϣȵϣūĵȥɣ
ֹǹȥūĵѾ֮ˡ
ȵϸɬ촽ֹЦŽϵļ޵𣿸߰ɣʢҪĺ֣
ʢ磡
һάС㣬λ˼ǡ
άûн͵˼Ŀȵϣػӻַ֣ϣŸʲôϸȵϹũûȵϵ㲻
Ҳس޵ϣΪһֺõͿΪˣСʲôȥʲôʲôѽˣֻһͼūֻзûѯʵȨ𣿡
ðɣūұִ
һάС㣬٣øҸĸʱɣ
ھߣǵĵȵʲôʱ򣬲ѯĸ۸ؼܣ
ҽϴӦǵĹˣҪŪŬ˹ɽĵͼȵˣȥŪͼ


015 ͼ̨
άûиϸĸʱ䣬ߵʮ֣Ͻʺһͷߵʮ֣͸ȵũš
⣬άũϹ£ʮҲҪһͬ·
ԭȵϸղŹŸάˣߵʱһǳҪ飺˵ʢ֮⣬ɺũ׼ﻮһϵеĻӭﰲʽΪͳһҪ̫ڵɳ̫ǵġɭž¥һγﱸᡣ
һʼάȥɺũֻȥһɲ룬ߵʱȵϺȻʶһǳȤ顣
ȵŽϵ˫֣룬٣ĺͿˣ⵶СһֻһūֻҪūǿģ
СһĵôãԼΪʲôһ֣
뵽ȵϺɫضά˵άС㣬Ǹˣղ˵֣֮˵ӿָŽϵūҿͦг츳ģȥ֡
˭ȵϵĻûκ⣬෴ѾάӡɾһͿʻȴάҪۣȼҩͰһƢ
Ҫ޵ϣ˵ɺũҲ
˵ţάƤӣݺݵȵϣҪٸҴ޵ϵ⣬ԡƷjżѩͼʿ壬
㣬㡭𣡸ӵģӲһū𣡡
ȵϱ˸ѪͷŽ·ˡ
άǰ˼룬Ȼ˵׼Ըȵȥһ̫ǣ
һ㶣С㣬ɼ¾ˣαء
άĿᶨڸ˵ֺڸԼͣȵ⹷ļ޵ˣﲻȥʱпܰ޵ƭߡ޵ҵģ˭Ҳ㻹Ÿʲôʰ
һߣĿά쳣ӦӦ֣һô£һһµԼѩ򣬡ΪʦҪ
ӣһ˽̫ǡ
ʱѾ˽ľҲ֪ɺũԼС꣬ΪūûʸЩϲ飬ﻹĸ͡Ŭ˹ɽĵͼ
ѯĸѾǲܵˣ취Ūͼźá
һţһĲɵصͷ·
ѩ̫ǰһƬɫ棬·϶ٻźĻѩŢУٽ̵ֵķҲű׶еı㻹סᡣ
Թƣڵ¶¶ʮȣ
ɾֶӵ̫ȴУ·ϵﲻÿһ˶˳ӣʲôϲĴ¼
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ţ˵ʲô
άĿһֱڽǻû⡣һȵϻشʣǲ֪Ϊ˻ӭﰲġͼ̨Ҳǰˡ
ͼ̨
ѾΪͼʿĽϣһ־;һ̧ͷ
ͬǰİ˻ᣬԭ֮½ͼ̨Ҫľֳ
˼壬ͼڡֻ̨ͼʦܲμӵľ̨
ͼ̨ԴѾǳˣ˵ԶһǧǰһСͼס˿ᰮ˱д裬ͳʾٰһʢ䶷̨ͼ׻Ż˵˭̨ܶĹھͿȫҲƲ
ͼ׵ĲƸһֲ֣Ϊ˶ʾ޿½ͼʦμˡ
µıƴһСɸ硯ʤŰʮ߳Ⱥɫ䣬ǵʱµһ֣
ʤɸ粢ûдͼ׵ĲƲ˵˷̨ƴͻ˶ʮδͻƵϣɹΪƷͼҲڽлࡣͼٰ̨֮ʵҵͼʦ֮ݾΪˣԸ׳нƷʹͼ̨֮ʽγɹԸ½֮ͼʦ̨֮ʵһ
ɸ統нƷȻʾ޿һưίġͼڴٽᡯ
պͼڴٽᡯÿҪ֯һͼ̨ͨ佻ҲȷʵкܶͼʦʵͻƵ˸ߵĵȼ
ʱգͼ̨Ѿ˴½ϵĺϷ䶷ÿһжСͼڴٽᡯķֲУÿ춼оʵ̨䣬̫Сطÿһ꣬ҲٰһСģͼ̨
⣬ͼ̨һǳǳȤ顣
һλͼʦֻҪμӹ̨䣬ôͼڴٽᡯͻսǼڲᣬͼʦʵȽϣӶγһԼڡʵа񡯵ġͼף
̫ǵķΧڣǡͼסϵĵһ̫ǹϵĵһ֣
ά̫ǵͼϣʮҲѹסĸ֡
Ͼǽ˽⵽ģͼ̨ȫ

ڽϾȵʱ·ߴһףάСȻˣ
ϻͷһ̫ǡͼסϵĵһ֣һ˵Ĵӵ˹
ҲҪȥɭž¥ϵġ
߻һˣļߣ֫޳òʣű·ɫдż̰ͺһͷʳĶǣ
һά̫ŮˣʱǰһЦС㣡ףλСֽά𣿡
ά˹ũάС㣬Ʒżѩͼʿ
׿ˣֿάȻ¶ζЦ⣬һԾ˼ĻάС̫ŮŶ
ˢأͺһʵ˵жһЩļµģɫԵĹâάǰ΢΢ǷάС㣬άˡ
û֣


016 Լս
Ȼ˵ǫ壬񼫶ᣬټͷ׵ѣάȻɫ
οάκ˶ġ
˹ͷڽҹ𣿡
ͻȻ͵˦ͷӸ¸ĽСάɭȻǵά͸ҷŸɾЩͼڵĴۣԳܵģ
ͼڣ
άƲһЦϾ뵽˵ݣﻹΪСڽлأԭǡɽӣά˶࣡
˶٣άͷŭά˶࣬Ҿˣ
⻰һڣũĹ£϶üͷάСƢͲܿһ
ȵһ֪άǿ϶ı飬һʼЦ
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ά˶ŭһҪˡɲǳԱ˾ͻµ竹ӣһ뵽άؼĳԱ̫ǵһʵûҪΪһ仰ͽά˶һЦάСƢǼʶˣ컹ҪάС죡
˵ţ˵һԡ
һٶôﰵޣά˶үȻɫԣʱͿƣǸõ𣬷ŵµĺݽɫ
һ棬ά΢ɲ̾˿ά˶ѾٽȥͲά˶࣬Լݺͷˡ
άά˶࣬кϵ˼·
ۿһС粨ҪƽϢˡ
ɾʱ׺ȰƵͻȻ˵ѽά˶үάСƢ֣άС㣬ƢҲĸĸһˡ
ЦЦ׼αһͽأǴҲڽͷŹǲǣֻüǿЦҶݵĹ壬Ҫ򡭡ǡýͼ̨ǰˣȥͼ̨У
άһ㶣ŭףԣ˶ֱ䣡
ά˶Ҳںɵס
·ûп˵Ŀ⣬أԵάС̫ǵĴά˶үҲɽһеٮٮߡҺɽǿ⻹һȤ⣡
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Ȼά˶һìѾǣ浽ԼļɵһЦĿڵͼ̨Ǹ˺ĺõطάظˣѩ࣬ӣս߰ô
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άһά˹ũĶ̱˶̨
ȻҲȥˡ
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ʵϣɽ̫ǷΧڵΪһﰲķˣΪסĻᣬǧ֮Ҳ˸̫ǡ
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ά˶ĸɺũЩ飬Ҫ̫£Ҳ벻ɺũͷߵİά˶һǾҵס
ά˶û뵽ǣոҵףάСˣ׾Ȼֱ䣡
Ϊ˼ټ϶άĳƢά˶սºϸһ룬ԽԽģԼǱ׸ˣһѵĴְ
ȵףǴɽֺﰲģܵģҺά֣ʲô˼ҲҸ㷭𣬵ɽĦ𣡣ǡη壡
ά˶ү԰꣡
ײŲæЦеؽ͵ҿɲάĹϵֻǣүҲ֪ҼũѾ̫кܶҼũΥﷴԡУάķߣ˵ţкһȴЦݿŵӣά˶ү֣׼άһѵͬʱҲһҼҵʵ
ΪʲôԼ֣ƾʵѵӮάô
ûҵȷԼ֣ǡҰѾάĻø㣬ҲΪ㿼ǰά˶ү
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ʮǿߡ
һʣά˶۾һ˵ͨ
ǵϣһսҽȡάΪ̫µʮǿߣ

ͼ̨̫ǵĶǣռٰ߰ʮĶһʱĽС;
ڵͼϿҪĸ̨Уţţĺţ̨ͨʵıֻ̨Ҫʵﵽͼʿˮ׼Ϳ
һ̨۷̨򡮸̨˼壬һ̨רΪַĵط̫ʮǿϵս
άһ̨
άڵʱ򣬺ȻֶЩ졣
˵ԼСҪս̨ˣǲǳģǳģǶӦ˵ڡ쿪ʤС䡯֮Ŀ׻
һ·£ʮֶĬĬصͷ˭ûп˵
άк棬һȥһ治õô˵ˣư𣿡
»࿴˿һվ˳ЦС㣬Щ˵¡ˡ
ƨͷţ
Ϲ̾˿СС㣬˵ûƢĸøһˣ
µͷղΪ˼仰͸ά˶ֵ𣡾ǾżƷͼʿսʤά˶࣬һ룬սʤά˶࣬ũʲôô෴ֻά˶౳ɽũɵǿа̾˿Ϲ´ؿڣȰС㣬ǿģҲ˵һ䡪һƢɣȻǳµģ
һҲС㣬ˡҶ죬пܡȡⳡ
㣡㣡㣡
άָµıӣŭǶΪûӵŮˣΪҸոһĴ𣿡
ǵԴؿڣĬȻʵжʾάС㣬һشԵĴ
ΪǲģĻԹң
״ҵ뷨άսȭͷߵЦ
Ȼץס˽ϵ죬ŭ޵ϣҲôҵ𣿡


017 Ž
˵⻰ʱάܸӣˮĴ۾һǷŭǱȴ߷ֵġ
ǵģάͺһĺӣҵһĵεŽϣ·ڵŽϴ˵άС㣬ҵĿЩ˲һôһĵģ㡭
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Ϊʲôƫƫҽū
һʱ䣬ҵĿάͽ֮ɵתתȥ
ϧȴɷ羰˵άūðɣûʸΪ
ļ֣ҪһĻô𣡣
ž
άƤޣŽϵͷһӣȻͷҲصس˾ˣøǽͣվɣ뿴ĸߣ뿴ġ
Ϲ̾˿ŴҸά档
ʱѾάĹԱҴҵ˳һάǺ׽ˣѽάСԳս̫ǵĴϲ°룬룬һжѾΪźˣһСʱ֮󣬾ʽʼ
άûԱֱ˽ȥ
ԱҲЦеؼӭˡ
Ա̬Ȳ֣Ҫ֪ͼ̨ṩͬʱҲƱ׬Ǯ
ά̫ʮǿ֮һʮǿ߳սڱضӵ˵άǹԱǵʳĸү
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һԱ۽ϵ·Ȼɫһ䣬ס˽ϣվס㲻ܽȥ
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Ӧûһָı﷽ʽ
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ֻ𣡣
Աû˵ѾһԴָƴдʲôˣˣ
ͨ죬ǰǶԹԱ˵ūأǧ⡣Ȼתͷŭϣͼ̨Ǹ˿ģôū󡭡ýͼھ
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ϵһһذ׹ǶЩ˳
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бӳ𣡣ū󲻵ڣģһ𣡣
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ū󲻵ڣΪĵ׽һڵϣϸԼ費ӦңѾͼʿˡģһͼھһԼϣ
˵ţһƧĽ䣬ʼӾΧ
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ʮ֮󣬽ϵ۾һͼ滹дһ仰ͨƱĿ߻ȡμͼ̨ľߣԱϵרõľͨ
ͨ
Լμͼ̨ȡ˾ߵݣǲǡܽ뾺ˣ
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뵽Ҫǰս·רȨ֮ǰƽ˿۾Ķ

֮󣬽ϰԼһһĻҺɫɫʿȹͷȱǵĽɫ֣һͷĿĵɫҲȾȾ˲ɫ
Ȼһˮ￴Լ󣬿Цá
ðɣȷЦЩ˭᣿ֻһūǮȥݻװЩ¶ʮȵϺ棬˫ڳģ
ҵǣȻЦڽϵˡ
⣬ūװӣϰǲѵ档
ĵ룬άСľаСʱٴ˾ſڡ
ǼԱһϴ죬һﲻؾߣһԱվ˳ŭվסﲻҪĵط
òȡǺܲõΪ
ҡҡָȻſڵͼ
ˣˣ
ǸղŹԱӡ
ֵԱˣû˵ʲô𣿿졭
źϵָڡߡϻһ̣һǰڵʱս·רȨĸоЦðɣμ̨ġ
Ҳμͼ̨
ԱЦɾЦոճڵʱӲر˻ȥ
ŽϵָģһͼƿһѺۣ
ӭμͼ̨
Աϱ˱ϹϾӡ
ȻӻͳһƤСӣһдһ湧ͼʿ£վĹұȵǼĸϢͼڵȼ
۽ϵĽɫ֣͵ŶǸμͼ̨ҲǿԵģҲѯκϢΪ޶ͼסķ㣬ҪṩһԴݵĴš
˵ţС͵ǰ뽭дԼĴš
Ҳ룬д֡ڣ
ڣ
Աһž󺰵յʮλ볡šڣ


018 ʮǿ֮
ͬάСԶһ̨ԱһöžݵĽɫ£Ȼ뵽˵̨
̨ҪаһЩͨдʵıֻҪΪͼʿͿԲμӣ˵Ｘָ֣ʺϽϼԼʵ
˵̨רŸ֡׼õġ
ʱ򣬱Ѿʼܾˣһվ̨ˣ̨µĹڣ
˵׿⣬ͷѪͫ㣬һƵľûȣⱩϣģܹߵİ̺ۡ
˵Ѫͫɨŵ΢΢һعַ֮ػ
̫˷ˣ
ڽ볡ļǰ̨һȱȴ̼ڵ顣
ʱһոսһλͼʿսʤ˶֣ڽܹڵĻ
ʱֱĹԱ̨лƶ¼ֿѾȡõʤʵѾҪڶ˵Щʲôˣλߣսֿ˸µ𣿡
һλ̨սʧ뿪սʤ˾ͼޣͼ̨ıʽ
Ա̨¾ߵߣ̼λͼ̨Ŀ޵һ죬أһ̨Ʒģ
ŹԱһ󳵻̨Ϸһ׸ߵĺӣź첼֪Щʲô
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Ҳϲϻһһһϰɣ
ͻȻһɳƵ˹
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죬Ǻˣ˾Ȼ̨ˣ
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˵СҲ˺˵Ŀ꣬һ߹˹֣˸£ȻϲƷҾ˳ˮ飬ⳡȨˣ
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Աæ˸£ͼ̨ĹأֻҪ֮ǰûܻͿ߽Ʒˡ
ģֶһ̨̨ܻܺˣǼĽƷһˣ
Աһ룬һֿ˵ʬ壬ҲʱһԱŽ˽
Աղһֱ̨洦񣬲֪淢ʲôһͿҲش󺰵ʮߺž볡Žڣ˰ű
оߣ
ڣ̰ضǸɫӣͷʲôھֻʣһҪ򣬾͸Ҵ򣬲򡭡
Աһ̧ͷȻú˵ıӰЩ죬ûпǱ־ԵѪɫͫףҲû뵽ʮǿ֮һȻ̨
Խϵڸ£ھֻʣһλߣ
ȻֻʣһðɣҾ͸򡣡
Ҳ˵裬ԼʵȼʣЩѾＷѹ̫̫ˣʤܣ϶һս
ңȻ˵˵ţȴûм˱ˣֻǰƵ׳Ҳֻ̨ϵһͨѡ֡
ǽ΢Ц̨ź˿ع˹֣ǵһβμͼ̨ʧĵطǣ
ˣûбҪ֪ҵţ
˵Ŀһֱڶźɫ޲̾ͰĽƷ뻳УͻȻֵĽϣʮǿ֮
һ֮󣬺ȫתһߴ糵һȭ˽ϵţ
ͼط֮ٶʮʽ糵
һʶĹ˷ܵشг


019 
һʱ佭ЩԾ
ֱӿ𣡣
Ҳġʹ죡
Ӻ˵ȭͷ˫ȴѸٽӡͻȻ͵˫֡
˫һֻһɫĹâ֮Ȼӽϵֱۿʼɢգۼȫ
רڸϢ
ڹǿȫǽ⣬ǡƷͼʿı־һڴ󺰵ͼڣкϷˣһһʱһӲӲľ
һڴеڣӲƴӲƴ
ϲûùʧҲһ¶ֵΡ
׼׳ȭͷϰһġȭ棬ͺһȭͷֱӭȥ
ˣ
ͬҵ˸ְ壬˵ȭͷһӴȻðһĻǡ
ţӰͻȻֿ̨ߡ
ֿģֻһǬӭײͷĿѣΪ˲ֵڶĻᣬ˵̨һǡ
˾ûнôùˡ
ʵʵ˵˵ʤһΣΪǿȣתųȭġ
ֹʽһ罭ϵĶ֣ǺһȭֵܴԴǽϵȻҲޣԣ뽭ײȭͷ֮תĹһʱͣȻŲģ˵ϡ
ʹ죬ʹ죬ȻܰѺ˴¹򣡡
ˣվ̫ǵʮǿ߰
ǲ࣬һغϣռϷ硣
ʵϣѾðǣˣûѾгˣʮǿߺˡ֡
˵ʵ̫ǿˣ
Ϻҧ⣬ǿԼѹԼУܸƴȣʮȭ֮ԼһᱻĵѪ
ڽ˼սʽʱ򣬺˳˰߳ŭѾٴγŽϻӳȭ
˵ǿƥٶȾȻҲֻһתĹ򣬾ͿȭѾԼؿڡ
ˣˣˣ
ʮǿߵս飬ǽѧܱȽϵģһ֣ҿŽϵϰһȭ
ϱ޿ɱܣֻܿӲƴš

֮󣬺Ѿӳһʮȭϲ֪Լס˶٣ְ˶ȭֻԼؿںͶͷľʹͷҪ鿪ˡ
ʵϣҪǷȫսѡ׹ǶСڤȫϣ㲻кˣҲᱻǱ
ǣһЩʽɣ׹ǶУﳤǴ̣ͬʱӾ綾ҪóЩʽº˻ûе֣ӾѾšɱͼڡѽϸ⽴ˡ
ǡսݵķ
ԼʵǲУȻһ̨ͨѡִ
ԼҲƷĶɣ
ϵʶʼģˣǳڱܣƴһӲȭûһ˺˵ؿڡ
ǽϵһλк˵塣
ϧͼڣȫͺְһһȥûд˺ˣƾʹͷѡ
ҵ壬񣡡
˼ѾͻȻһס˽죬Сӣڡȥɣ
˵ţղֿһ˻ӶϣҪˤ
ʱѾҪʧȥʶˣҽѧڵ˼άڵԼֹǡ
ðɣԼĵĸָһùˡ
ǡ
һ뵽ͷϵһ͵뵽ǰĳһÿΡ
һÿΣڽ̵ѧβ­ǣҲͷ˵ǣͷӲ֮һĳЩͷȸְ廹ҪӲһ˵ƾǲƻͷĽṹġ
һ˵һһͷͷȻӲӹͷĸؽȴǴģԡֻҪܹ׼ȷǹؽڣܰκһ߼ӲĹɢĹͷ
ÿεݣͬսʤ𣡣
˵ǿƥ˵ϵƣҲܿ
ǣͷһϲܴϺ˵ÿһͷǡ֪˵ÿһǹؽڵڣܰѺ˵Ĺͷ𿪣
뵽͵۾
ۼ˵ץԼϣԥѸָס˺ֵָСָ֮һؽڡ
Ȼ󡭡
ǰɣ
һ
˵ָѾˡ

ƽһȻֻѾָʮָģָѾʵľʹ˿ܵģ
ҽ֪ṹһ²Ѿ˺˵ֹǣ˳ѾʵָǣϿ˺˵ֲ񾭣ż裬һϿ˵ֱ۾Ƿˣ

˵ƽб˺кͲҽУַȻſ˽ϡ
ϵƲˣԭǱ˸ʱ䣬˳׹ĹԣǰɣǰɣǰɡϵĽٶȺε֮죬һ˲䣬˺˵ʮߴǽڣ
ֻ˵ָȱΣֱҲŤȻ󡭡ǣȣֱϥǣؽűŤһ̲൹
ˣ
ź˵صȻѻȸ
ʲô
ڵ۾ϽϵٶȣֻýΣͷͻȻһƬۻҵӰУ˾͵
ˡ
Ȼһ˲ͷΪʤɱ̫ʮǿ֮һĺˣ
ðɣʤˣ
ϴ˼ڴѾûȥڵķӳˣӲ˺˼ʮȭհʹҵһĵطԼˡ
˵ţ̨
·ԱߵʱЦЦû֣ҸҽʦλϢͺˡ⡭ʳԼĵ⣬ڵĵȼŴƷͼʿĵڼ
Ĺ۲ԱҪʱĵȼ죬Ϳ֪Լ׼ȷȼˡ
ԱĲɵ˵˵ֻǳϵ׻ʵϣڻζղһȰӰ
һ̣Ա͵طӦæסϣڸ£
ţʱʹھ٣ǿһҪϢˡ
ҲԱŽǱģڨڨһЦֻ˵һЩĶ
ʱѾǺɫ˹ԱŻǰӣ̨ѾˣʣǽʤߣصĽƷѾˣ


020 Ʒ1
ʤ߻нƷ
Ͼһƾ汾»ĽƷһ
ɨۺɫӣȻε̾˿
׸ߣ뾶Ҳһ׶࣬˵ĽƷһһļһƷǸСϻܰ͵͵ũ˾޴󣬽Ҫǰȥˣô˽ͣ
˵ˣֻ̫һСط̨ƷͼʿּıƷ϶̫صģҲϧ
ϰ˰֣ʾԼҪƷȻؿ뿪
ҪƷ
Աһ㶣첽׷ѹ£ӺھǧڣĿ֮£ѽƷ˸ǡԭ£˵ֱЩҪǰѽƷ˸ǣڻ룿ǻΪǾСóĽƷ̫ˣҡ
ʹðǣ͵һ֣˹ԱĻ
ðɣðɣѾܳˣҪˡмˣѽƷ͵ĵɡ
ǸղŽѣװĵطһǳƫƧСӡ
ϵĴǣƷ̫޴󣬿϶ǲҪģƳأѾûڸԱˣ׼߽ƷȻ󡭡ֱӽѡ
Ա˿پϡ
ɾڽߵſڵʱȻ׷££
һԱҼƣ
ָָԼѪǣԱûûô
£벻ҪᣬңҲ뵢˵ʱԱǴ˺˵ĽϣЦֻǣͼ̨Ĺأұһ⡣
Ա֣صشӻͳһСӣɫղսѾ¼ˣ죬ͻսбֳͼϵΡʣڹʱϣԼʵ𣿡
ⱨʱѾشˡŽڣ⣬ҵĴź棬ҵͼڵȼ
ֻԼҪɢˣԽͷŹԱҿ뿪ҿȥԼ𣡣
ֱǸ룬롭
ԱŵõͷʵϽͣ£ղû⵽ܵĶ֣ʮǿ֮һѪͫ˰
ǿһϵӡˣЩȥԼưɡ
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ԱŽϵıӰϵı鼫ȹ졣
һ£ҲٴѯǷ⣬ǣղŽսʤĶ֣̫ʮǿ֮һѪͫ˰
ʣѾȡ˺˵ĵλΪµʮǿߡ
ʮǿߵ䶯ζһ˵ʧζţ̫ǳһλԸıƵǿߣζţΪλ³ֵǿߣ̫ǸһΰĽ
̫ǡҪˣ
֮󣬹Աص˾ʱ򣬺Ѿ̧ȥˣǲûɢȥ
Ա֪ڵȴʲǫ̂룬ſ˫ۣŮʿǣǣղšǼ֤̫ǵʷ
ԴǰάСΪʮǿ֮ʮǿߵҲûб䶯죬һλµǿڳˣ˺ˣΪµʮǿߣ
ԱŮʿǣǣ֪ڵȴʲô³ֵĽڸȻѾΪʮǿߣǡڼأ
ҪԱǴ˵һ̨άСսά˶һǷֳʤͽµġʮǿߣа񣡡

߷֣˵С
ʱ̫ڵر磬ȻֻչСѾһƬڡ
ʱũľҲŴ󳵣ź첼ĺɫ͵˽ߡһƳأ̫ţ˼ƿֵƵЧҩ֮ת뿪ˡ

ϾȻԣֵ̫ǿˣԼٱ߹ǣܻ΢𵴡
⻹ֻ̨ͨѡ֣ҪԼʮǿ߼ĸ֡
ϲȥˣѾ͵ҩƷȵش˼оһЩ
Ӳ˼ʮȭͱñףһЩҩƷȻüʹǣȴϵѪͺס
һ취ڸԼơ򡭡άСһԼ˺ۣ϶ٸʵףԼͼڵ顣
׸ôźأ
ϱ۾һ˼Ȼ뵽һǳȤ⡣
Ҫжɾʱ򡭡
ˣˣ
ǽϸûĺɫ棬ͻȻô
һѵԼѾ׼ĽƷһ
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ˣˣ
ﲢû˵ôȻﲻһˣҲһ⽭Եǻ
ֻҪǻͲܰ
뵽ߣƾɳϵūȷûϳԼ֮ƿϵĺ첼
ﾹȻһ


021 Ʒ2
һŮˣˮܽأڼұЦʱâ¼ȻĶ
һϮȹֳǾ첼أֵľһŮˡ
׼ȷ˵һСŮ
һͷںڵĳһɫȹֻʮģһмֹɱĻءһǣĬĬŽϣһ˫ںڵĴ۾޹⣬Ѿ˼㡣
Ů߻һ֧ʣһţһɢŻ⣬Ծϰٶȸµӡ¡
ϳżֻдĻʤߣƷ𣿡
żԴǣŮҾӹĺչģ˹ɫˮӮ̨Ϳӵ˵ļƷŮū
£ﱸūӡ£ֻҪӡ¸ŮϣκһϲĲλôŮͽΪŮū
ģŮūļͥԶ֮⣬۲ҹռκκ󻼡⣬Ϊ˱֤ƷļֵǲûŮһԭװ
ðɣǸӡ¾ūӡ£ŮʤߵĽƷ
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һҪ⡣ũУԼūҪٴȥһŮūǾһ죬Ҳڸ޵顣
ҲУһŮӰɣѩĺҹҪǰȴŮĽ֣ǶǶ
ڽ˼ʱŮҲںŽϡ
ŮԤУһ첼أ˼Լɫȫ˾㲻ƻҲһĿ¶̰ɫҴҵذԼ䡣
ǣԤϵǣһԼӣûκɫĵӣ෴񿴼һֵɽ󣬰յĺ޲һ߿
Ůǰ˶һЩøУϸһϴһȴһȹϻһѷȱǵ֣͸֣ıףǱ
ӡ꣬Ů̲סЦ˳
ǰ֮ŮͻָĮľӡڻ̽˫֣дһλչڽǰ
Ӯ̨õҡּʮ־㣬м䣬ȴ͸һľǿǣҲŮūɱҰɣߣ⿪ϵļɱ
д꣬Ů˫ۣǿͷȴϵĲþ
̾˿ʱѾ뵽δŮˡ
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ѣӺٳľ̺ӣһòҶһȱǵ롣
ЩϰŮһСؤ
Ȼ󣬽Ͻ⿪ŮϵļְѳʣµҩƷʼС㣬Щҩ˳·ߡЩҩЩǮȻվؼҵ·
ιҪңҲһؤС㣬㲻ò̫ؼңװؤȽϰȫ
˵ʲô
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С㣬ҵ𣿺ԣҲҵ֡ϺؿŮͣ㡭Ϊʲô˵
ŮȻͷдһýĬȻĻ
ư͡

֪ʲôʱʼѩͣˣƳϣСԶһҼҵĵƻ𣬵ƹӳѩԵһжô
ŮǵЦݣȻ˻֣ͷҲصʧŮС
ϲ֪ԼΪʲôߵô죬ֻǾЩζһЩ뿪
һµۣɫɵŮӣȻһ
Ī̾˿
ŮһֱھŽϵıӰ۾һգգ֪ϵ֣Ҳûпϵӣģأ½ϵġӰ
ǽϺصĵһλ档
һ˾ҲûлˣҲڼʮ֮˿ڽͷʱǶѾ׷ԲԣֻѶԷһİ·ˡ
ȻҲпһΣ֮ܶһѪʫվڽͷӹѪ˵2143궬ѩ׷ɣպԽͼ֮·յ㣬ͼΰҵʥ޵ϣһ۵С뵽һһŮˡ
ģ˭֪δأ
֮󣬽ϾͰصԺиҪ顣
Ҫ֪άСıˣ֮߳ǰϱҵһĽڣԼΪʲôᱻɡһӳ졯ҲϲĹӡ


022 ˭ܱأ
İ취ر̫кܶĵƦåװֵӣ䡯СåȻԼǿ׳å
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ö֮ضκ˵ҵƣðɣҸåŹˣåģ
@#&amp
ʮ֮󣬼ΰѺŽ˾׼ֶŹƻΰĵҷתά
ҲյءάѾĳˡ
άһһϵĹУƿڴļ֣㾿ʲôˣ
ýϽͣΰʿͻάС㣬ū˴ˣӡ
άһϣһƤޣ˭ĸҶˣеǳһȥǰļ֣
Ǻǣ
άӣڼκ˶ģһԼ۸һվģԶά
ţͻȻײͼһֵ̿˳
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һϵĹУȻһɽ˷ƵĴе޵ϣ죬ȥǶֻҪҽʦץҲøСץ£Ҷţ
ҽʦС㣬˭Ҫ𣿡
޳ˣļ֣㻹ʲôѽάСˣҪˣ

ʵϣֻ˽ϣάСΣиũԱжץʮӺ̫ҽʦͶ뵽˾ļ档
ϵˣغԺ
ʱ򣬽ҲһϵĴֿУ˽⵽άȫ̡
άľӿʼģһʼάǡƷżѩͼʿԼܻӣգʮУͰά˶Ļͷм֮
ǣά˶ǵΣͷǵѪԱά˶̨ҲĴƷȻ˺Լؿڵ鼡⣬ɰ͵Ϯյά
άһʱ죬ڵء
֮ά˶ҲûиάĻᣬˣצһеذѲ½սάƵ˾
ʱ֧άĹڿˣά䶨ˣٴȥάʹ󺰵άС㣬ɣ㻹ᣬһ꣬һܱѩܵģ
һĵȰ˵άʲôƢ
ﲻʮǿߵøά˶࣡
άƴӲǻȥצᴩ˸˻ά˶ͷĻᣡ
ά˶౻ڵأάѪֱӱ̧͵˼ҡ
ЩεŶͷ֪ǸÿޣǸЦ
գ̾˿Ϊ𣿡
ԤϵǣϵıԹûһҲѵϣ෴ͬеص˵ͷѽҪǵʱСͺˣˣ˰ʮǿߵøά˶࡭
㶮ʲô̫ǵʮǿߣɲһ
һϹ´Ļһɻ飬εСŮͣҲӦ֪һЩˡ
Щ꣬ũ̫Ǻ绽꣬ȥޣʵϡȴΣķ
Ϲܼҵڣũˣά˹زǸ˵䲻˵ĻһӵܣŲũδ⣬ĵǵԴζ̲ũ
ܼҴˣũؼķֲ˵̲ũ𣿡
ΪʲôңһµǣҵĳԱͨ˿һɽԽҵź绽ꡭܲũǧֻһȺۣʱԷΧԱ
ԣһΣգܲͨǲԮǵġ
Ϲܼ̾˿ӹ˵ˣܲϰǣ㿴һǵĵˣ˲˵˵ɺũǱңɺũ󡭡Ҳվߴ֮һĦ尡˵Ŀɽǰ٣˵ΪʲôΪʲôЩũ⻼ȴչϣ
ԺǿάСĴƴ
ϹܼҴũн죬ȫάС㣡ǡάСƾʲôƾʲôũδ
죬ѾϹܼҵ˼Сƾƾʮǿߵš
ǣϹܼɫСλʮǿߣЩСǲŲ״ŭǣԣɺũҪ̲ǵʱ򣬾ͱһ룬ҪĴۣ
һС㲻ʮǿˣũͻɨأһèèĵˡҲҶũְ
ղţСƴΪʮǿߵڣڱũŰ
˵꣬Ϲܼҳ̾
Ѿ𾪵˵ˣҲʶԣ
һսȻάά˶࣬ǴսϿһ˻ԣһ˱ʵάˡ
άѾʧȥʮǿߵţ
ά˹ũѾӵʮǿ֮һıˣ
ôά˹ũѾɨأһ磬ͻĵ˷ӵũһ̵
뵽ܼҴˣũʧȥʮǿߵıӣС㡭СѾʮǿˣǸϿжһʮǿѽ
˵ĵɣϹܼε̫Ƿչ죬ʮǿ߶˹еʮǿߡͲܱǰ
һʱ䣬˶Ĭˡ
һֱάߣ֪Ѿ˺ˣʮǿѾˡ
ܱǵʮǿ֮һϣǵ߶š
ÿҪάС㣡
˳ĬʱͻȻ洫˼ֱ
һȣάС㻹ڼȵУܼͣ
ôάܼ͡ң̫ǵһǿҪأ
У״żɺũĴֳ˽


023 ̫
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仰Ϲ˿ǡ
άСġ
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άĶӱצᴩûΣڣʱױάȥӭɺˣҪά
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赭дҼɺˣǡӭﰲЭᡯĻ᳤Ȩάκ顣˼٣ѵάС㡣Ӧÿ˷һССѣһ𣿻ǡǸûаҼҷ˷
˵ţǰһ޳ұۺǰ
Ȼֱ̽һ使޵ϺɫʻʻȻƯȴŷһһϣҪ˶ɣ
׵˼ԣҪάڲһˣ룡
ףӴӮ㣬άСûث֣
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׺ոձһ٣촽ܲζά˹ũСһǣڡҿԴάС𣿡
ףӸƴˣʣµʮҲ
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ίȫסԼ˵չά
ûҵĻάС㲻ڣҾǵ죬˵ȥϣ
ҲϹµ뷨εؿʼж
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024 ʮǿа1
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025 ʮǿа2
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026 ãã÷
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ʱάڽϵĲҳӣһ׵϶Ƿ¼ˣ޵ϣȥμӻ飡
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027 ֮
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028 ά
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ðɣϻһֻҪ̫ڣҾͼɹ̫ӣʵǡС㣬ҾһūûʸΪҪɱҵǿԸһЩǳĽ顣

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ˣҲãҲգҶ˵һЩ顭
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̫Ƿչ죬ѾҺɺŵľ棬ҪɺأɺҲҪҵء
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˵ܲũĹϵС㣬֪ܲͨǵ
ǵģǡͨǣǣҪһͬѰأ
ά¶˾Ȼɫ޵ϣҸǼҶ˽ӣҲǼҶŮҪұ˱Ƶ澡ɥĵزɱˣ˵ܲ᲻Ϊұ𣡣
ϺȻһ㡭
һǾҷƢԣھйά˹࣬Լˣԣɺǰ̵ֳһ棬سƳɺɵңɱң
άֻҪˣܲͻũˣһӵѪҲͱסˡ
ɺ뵽һԼһ
Ͼþ˵
άڽϻô˵ˣǸɵ𣿡
ûУ룬ǻûеɽˮĵز³ֵġڡûʵ˵
˵˵ܸһЩ벻İɾûгڵʱ򣬡С㣬С㣡
ũһϲɫ˹С㣬ҸղŸɺũ˳һܣǴӦסˣס˵ġ
ţȥɡ
ά¶һ˿ɫ


029 ʶĿʼ
ʱάס˵һƽԺ䡣
һֱչάȥһӣѾά˵ЩʲôҲûǣһҲά
ϲѪĮΪԶҲάһ˴ĳޡ
ɯĸ˫ȣǱάĴ翳ȥģ
˵ɯʱά꣬ҲӦǨŭ޹õϣάάϾά˹صð
һάϾͻ뵽ĸĹ˫ȣȻͻԼά֮һ蹵һԶҲ޷Խĺ蹵

ԼҲ˵ΪʲôȻһֱάĳ嶯
վԺΪԼĳ嶯̾˿
޵ϣ̾ˣߡ
ȵϴԺ˳һװĴɫҴҵŽһ
ȵǡ
ҪܾȵѾԲ۾Сӣ㲻Լɣߣʢ׼ûأ
ʢ硭
ǸЦЦ飬ðɣҲûԼ񣬿ȵάСҲˣʵڲ뿪
һūάʲôߡ
ȵϺȻѹСӣĵһ仰ά̫ˣ˵ͻﰵɱ㲻뱻ǣȥͿ߰ɡ
ɱ
ϻһάķ䣬Ȼƿȵϵ˫֣ȵάСūҰɱ֡ðɣô߰
٣Сӡ
ȵϻȰ˵䣬ʱԺﴫһ޵ϣȵߣ
άбڴϣɱңһūʲôڴϣҲ̫ǵʮǿ֮һֲң
˵ţάѺͽϳˡһ˴
棬ũϹعڳƲҵάС㣬Ҫ֣޵ߡ
޵ߣǲ޵ҪߣҲ뿪Σյĵط
ά˵߾ͱһŭ𣬡黹ֲѵǶҹȥ
С㣬ǡ
û𣿹άָſڣŬ˹ɽ鶼׼û׼ãȥҽ׼ţ֮ҪǲһжáʹǵĹȣ
СѾˡ
Ϲ㬵ش뿪Ժ䡣

ȵϵϣϻһֱά飬ɵѾͷȻҪԼһũֵ𣡣
ʵ޷ά뷨أңȨƣЩ֮Ͳֵȥ
Сӣǵˣ
ȵһĳ˼Ľϣ
Ѿ̫ǵĽ⣬ǰһƬϵһֱൽ߼ʵ졣
˹˹۹ҵĲƲ̫ӵгȻһеĵλ
Ѿһپʮλ֣ǶȵĵӵĶԱ

ȵһ³ͳɤӴ󺰣еֶеǰȻָŽϣλָһͬ飺Сӽ޵ϣά˹ؼҵūʶһ£ԺǶ
ūһݵɫͻ䣬ȵ϶ӳʲô˼
ָŽϣһūǺǵݣ
һֵҲ˫ֹ֣ǵݣȵϣǵ۹Ĵ󵶹֮һҲһҵĻһūѣߣ˳𣿡
٣ףǸ𣿡
ȵŭ͸˵ӵĶ飬۳ֻʵ޵ȻֻǸūĵ˶ǿӲҪ뵶飬ӻҪֵʢĸӳ˭վ
Ҳ
ȵϣ㻹һϺ𣿡
ʮվ˳ȵϳ
Ȼ¶һ˿ɵ΢Ц
̫Ϥǰˣܾǰǽѧڵʱ򣬾кܶרȨЩһĵ
£ʼţƽϢ粨Ψһ취ǡóʵνĸֱͣ
ǣ뵭
ȵǰ棬ס˵ǵߣðɣλҵūݣǡĿģҲΪǿģ
Ϊʢλ뿪ԣλһ֤֤Ժҵλã֤ʧȥ֮󣬻ֵܱʢˮƽ
ļ֣˵ʲôСסİ˲Ȼŭ


030 İĽ
Ѿ˵úˡ
ʼ磬ðɣϰҿΪһֱ﷽ʽ˵ȵĶʵλģߣóķڷʵ
ûʵʵʵؽӳ
׺˴½Цλūսǣսǣ
֣Ϊ˭׵ĶӣݵˡҲЦսǣ֪ǵʮҵĸףǵ۹ҵĹսǡǵݣ
йһĴ֣ūȻսһλ壬ҵ򣬴Ϊֹ
˵ĲûдﲢǽϿսκ˵ĵԭ֮½
ԭ֮½ūսһˡĴ۹ūĹ涨κūκνһλ壬۹֮ȨӦ
ֳƤ޳
бŴǣ׸ӵƣһΣûѡΪﲻά˹ũû˿ūӡвϣ
ǣǺܲõΪĲǣ
ûκͼڵƾԣ֮˷죬Ȼǰļ򣬾ͺǰѵѧһ
ɾһġ

ҽΪѾѾļιǣ
ϻعͷԴˣǣҪ𣿺ðɣūҲǵūҲڲϢ졣
޵ϣ֣ļӵƣĴǣǻʲô尡ҡ
ĸס֣
ȻȵϴӰﳭ޴ĳ߸߾ӲĸˣûӵĻ˭ĸҶ
Ҳ˳ȵϣ޵ϴҵĶӣҡ
ĸұ죡
ȵϵָҪ˵˵һ飬ӵĶ飬ֻʵݣӵľ䣬ӽ޵Ͼǵĸӳˣ˭⡭޵ĸ֣ںûõķ
׸ǰ仰Ѿߵˣһһûõķͣ˽Ų
ߵǳԼһûõķ
㬵ضŽϣ˵
ȵϴֵЦû˷𣿰⻹࣬ʲôūūģҶǳӣƽʲô
޵ϾǵĸӳӻҪȥټ֣Ҳڵʱ޵ϴ顣ף޵ϸЩʲô
˵ţȵתĶͷѽЩˣˣ޵Сѹסģ
뵽ȵվϳĴֻ˻֣ǣҲڵʱˣһж޵ϵģҪ˭޵ϸӳģǾͰ
űӦһ
ⳡ棬϶ȵϵĺøдĿȵȥתͷɫƵĵǣǣðɣǸӡ
ˣ̧Ҷȥҽݣ
׺Ȼ˽ϵĻ̧Ȼʮ֣л˵
ʮֶ׵ͽܣȫӽϵĴڣףԶһŴ棬ʦʲôԸ𣿡
Ƕ޵ϵӣҵĶӣֳǷ𣿡
ԹصԶĽϣЦеĲһ𣿺ðɣ㲻ڡӡ
Ȼ˵
ǲҲʲҧ۵ҶȵϣȵϵζӳҲ޻˵ǣȵʵ̫ˣȻһūӳūҵĶӣѵһūһҪ߹ѵҲ޵ϸʺϵθӳ𣿡
ͣȻô˵һӳҾǲģȵϰѸӳλøһū
ԼĴӣǶҵͽܣҲ͸ֱ˵ˣϣǼܿ޵ϣڿʼ޵ʲôʲôǾ͵ûһҪ޵֪ӳôõģ
ʦİ취ǲ޵Ѿд֣ǲҪǡ
ûֽʱҲİһūҵĻȥǿ϶Ϊġ

˵ʮֿʼӽϵһоٶǸԼǴ˸˵ԼиҪ飬鷳ȥ˰ɡ
ǸԼʢľݣǾƲƲ죬ӳҲ֪𣬺ðɣҲ֪
⼸ֵĴ£ҲֻֽһʵĸӳҲʼӽϵ
˰ʱ˹Ѿγһֵ״̬϶һɱûҲȥκˡ
Ϊû˴
Ϻϲ״̬
һֱڵά飬һ뵽ɵѾͷı̲סҪصȥһ
״̬øᡣ
ҹ֮󣬽Ļص̫ǣڵͷѾˣҲڸݵװ˼ƲԼ
ȻάԺһҹ
һҹһжƽ
ڶһ磬ϻص˹ȫûһҹЩʲô
ڶ͵죬ҲظЩȥ顣
˵졭
ϻһȥػάʱȵϴĶʮֻص
ȵһڴӽϣָ׵ıӴһͨ
һǰСʱ
ȵˣϱȵϵʱӰάĴ⣡


031 Ůά֮
ά֪ԼѾɱָˣںܷǳķ
άķά˶ࡣ
ϱȥ˹죬뿪֮󲻾ãά˶ͻȻҵά
Ŵ˵άάС㣬ҿԸ̸һ̸𣿡
άʱڴˣΪά˶鷳ģһͷ˳ȥҷ㵽ף
ˣ
ͷ˴άҲά˶ģ
һͦĺɫһ־žʮŶ䵭ɫõ廨һһӵЧҩ°۾ɬеĺ֮ɫ
õ廨ͷˡ
ά΢΢һ㣿
άС㣬ңģ
ά˶һ˵ҵõ廨ҵ׷ˡɬģ
ģά˶ǵżҲһǿΪ
ά˶һֱϣҵһʵ൱ӣǣϵǣά˶һӢţܸƽֵδŮʵ̫ˡά˶ѰҲûҵǵŮԡ
ɾǰά̨ϰĻͷά˶ȻǿսʤάҲðһɶƵͷǣӦȢάŮˣ
ܴӦü޸ңά˶İۡ
ά˶һԼ뷨Ȼά۾άԸǵŮ𣿡
ȥŮˣάѵڶͷά˶ϡ
ά˶Ϊ˱ʾԼĳģӲذһǴͷػάףѡżʱҪܿģһ֤㿴Ҿܵ飡
ڽļά˶ÿضһʱάףϵ˰ҲԽԽ࣬ԽԽ࣬ԽԽ࡭
Ѿǵˣάʱ䣬ά˶໹мӾͻԼǰ
Ȼ֮洫ά˶άС㣬ҿԽ𣿡

άڷգڲԶӰҲڷա
Ǿǡлƶ¼塯ɳɱ֡
һС׿ˡһС׼
׼׿˫̥˫ǶƷ߼ͼʿ̫ǵͼϲеʮ
ղлƶ¼յάסڵϢɺ˵ԤϣǶ˰ɱάͷɳ˫
ǡ
Ǹ֣ά˶ˣ
磬ǻ𣿡
׼׿˲һôϣϸ۾˸Ĺâά˶ӣһǳ֣ض⵽άַ
׿˼һ󣬡֣άά˶඼ԲǵĶ֣ά˶ݷͬһ㣬ʱɾһЩܱ¶ݡ
ǣȥ÷ֳԮ˵Ϊ˱֤ʱɱά˶ά볤ǲʮɱֹ
÷֣̫ͼϵĵڶƷͼʿ
׼Ӧһתȥ
һάѾ˷ţϲûǰŭɫά˶ֻ࣬ʲô
ҵȻġά˶άûдԼѾԼĳĸжˣûдң׼Ӧҵǣľ
ʵϣάûзΪѾµĴ㣺׼˵һЩĻά˶˼
ά˵Ӧ飡ƨά˶࣬жԶ͸ҹԶʵ㣬ˣȻСݱ΢ȻСһָҲ򲻹Ҿǿģҹ
ϧά˶ಢûиά˵ЩĻᣬάȻӦҵ飬ҾͿԸһĺϢˡ
Ϣ
ά΢΢һߵĻҲʱ˻ȥ
ʵ㣬Ѿ飬дŸҵĸףʮ֮ڣҵĸףɽ˹¾ͻ㡣
ά˶ڿһĸǣҲ֪Ҹ׵ʵ˼̫Щνĸ֣һЩСһ˼Ҽ̫ǣάǷ޾Ϳɺɨɺũ̲̫ǵأǻԡ
˵𣿡
άά˶Ļ룬ʵ̲סҪ˵ԼĻˣɾʱಣಣಣ
дһҵƿ
׼ѾԮʮɱڸĴϣάά˶ļꡣ
ǾȻǵŮˣء
ά˶ɫҫͻȻգ۾ͱһͷ߹Ժǽײˡ
ͬʱͷһŻʵʵžžԼҲά˼ʮֻ
ɽؼХ֮ʮʽ
ʱ˫Ҳڹڸ³ˣһһұϮά˶࣬ϸ飬ÿһľСһ֡
ǳԺʱӰѾǹ⣬ذףϢش̽ά˶ߡ
໣
ά˶δȬӦ˰ģһߵĲҽе˵ϡ
˫ת˲˵άǰѾмȥԸһ˵ά˶ˣά˶мҴطҸϼ
˵ţ׼붯ɱά
ǡ
άЩ졣
άȻ΢Ц
ѵʲôصɱ
׼֪άһ飬ͣ˽Ų磬һȣ㿴άӣ
׿˿άҲ΢΢һ
ôͣˣվֹɱҰ
άſ˫ۡ
˫࿴һۣɫЩأ磬άһк֡ҳ̽
ãǧСģ
˫˽ӣάЦ
Ȼֻ׼ϳһâץԼʺ
Ҫ
άͷ˽ѵ̾Ϣɾʱ򣬡۸һŮ˺Ȥ𣡣
һ޳Ӱάǰڰգ⺷ֲ׼צ˳һȭ׼ؿڣ
䣡
׼õ˳ȥײһǽڵҳһߺӣ
ðԵ
ͼڣƷ˼ͼڣ
׿͵һţƷ˼ͼڡڣǽڣ


032 ѡ
ǵģˣ
汻ȵϵ˰СʱֱǰҵһĽڡ
ǡÿ׼Ϯɱάĳ棬άӣðһɱĻ͸׼һȭ
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲô壬ںܷŭǳķŭ
ǵά˶ഩһһߵʱķŭѾһֲɶƵĳ嶯
һȭ׼Ȼȭ׿˵ͷת˫ȭҲתһܷ糵׿˵š
ģº˵һУٶʮʽ糵
Ȼϲ˽һеľ裬ҲֻʱģһУ֮άƷ˼Ҳ׿ܹġ
׿ֻƷ߼ͼڣҸӲƴһǹ⣬Ҫ͵Ϯϵĺġ
Ǿ赽ʱȴ͵ͼ϶ԽϵۣڣȼȻֻа˼ʵսɹھ̫ǣױȵĴٶȣױȵĹ࣬ûѹԵƣм֮
ڽ񶷣
׼һǿס˸塣
ֲɱʤֻһ֮䣬׼һԥĹѾ˽㹻Ļᣡ
ҪרһЩ
˶Ծ˵ľ飬֪ԼĲٶʵսӵо޴ƣָס׿˱ɵâ
׿𶯣ѱεʱ򣬽Ѿ˳ı仯ƣǰɣǰɣ׿ֱϵйؽڡ
ˣ
һϰ׿׼ߡ
ȻɨԶʮɱ֣ǣҪ𣿡
С
оͷϵ˲еʮ˫
̫ǵǿߣ鴫
ɱ˶ݵĻҡ
ʱһȭɵ׼Ѿ΢΢ĴڳѣΣס֣ס֣˵һ仰
ɱظ˿
׼˰̱˫̥磬Ȼһο˽ϵģ
ϻǰĴ磺һƾɵ鲼ۣһ˫¶ֺЬ˼ƲԼò
ʢǸǵĹ壬Ȼġ
׼ȷ˽ϵݣڸ£Ǻά֮˽˶ԹֻһĹ壬αάͷ˻ˮأ
иǴάͷһ磬ǸԸһƥݵл񣡡
ܲĽףǡһάȦɳɤ˵Ҿܾأ
ڸ£ұľܲǣ׼ɱάĻᣬЧͺвҳϣʵбסάǶάİɱֹͣסάأһӶػά𣬽ڣж壡
ĻЩ˭˵ҲһӶάߣ
ϺȻά΢΢ǷάС㣬ҽԽڵ壬ά˹ũȤƸ
άȵĵɴ۾㣬㡭
С㣬ûũε̯֣Ҳҵӣðɣһǹ壬ҪһҺڵĹ
ȻҪԼũ
̫ǵǿߣȻԸͶһɽˮũ
άֺԼͷϣ͵ڸ£ҽά֮Ƹά˹ũϯ䣡ĻҵĻ
Цˡ
Ȼعͷ˫ǣǶˣڸһ𰸰ɣǵľǡԼߣǱҸߣ
ڣΪ˽ľڣ

׼뿪άԺ䡣
ߺ󲻾ãά𾪱ã˾ǧ֮䵭
ڻɽڵľٶϸһ룬ӵ̫еĵɺˣΪڿ˼˵ĳ롣
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ھȻѡɽˮԼ
Ϊ϶ʲôɸ˵Ŀģ
άɵش˽ϣѾˣ˵ʵҵũʲôͼ
ҪάС㣬Ұɱ֣ũٴӵʮǿߵػĽαҵĿأάļ򣬡һҪһ𰸡ðɣ͵ڶº⣬˵һЩҲūȫƽȣô
£ߣΪĹ𣡣
άصغһѾûٱȥˡ
ٱȥڻ뿪Լ
άڵľ棺̫ǵĵĴǿߣļ룬ˣԼɺ˵ı±ס׵ѪԾԼȬȻ֣̫ǸԼĽ¡ҲǽˣάûбҪԼũˡ
˷ǰά֪Ļ죬Ҳ᲻뿪ˡ
ã˵Ļӽά˹ũܽͷ
άȭͷ˵ָָϵĲѾҵũժ𣿡
άС㣬Ӧѧر˵˽ϵĲҴӣһԼĿԡҲ׼ҵݣҲ׼ժԼߡҡðɣҲ뿪һս
˵ţתߡ
վסάס˽ϣ˽ӽԺҲӣ˰ɣ
Цˡ
άĹĵصһԵά˶࣬ȻѾҵũȰҴһô
˳άĿҲά˶࣬ɱ
ûɱά˵ҿϵǸûбɱά˶࣬ά˶У


033 ڱ
뵽ά˶ղŵĻά˶ĸ׼̫ˣʱɱά˶ֻ鷳
άĿڵ˭˵ҪɱҰȥԽԶԽãԶԶҲܻ
ϺȻеһִͷŵɣðɣԸ
ά˶࣬ʱ򣬡С㣬С㣡
ά˹ũĴ˺ѷεس˽˫ĿѪƱͺһȺ˷ϻ
ǰάѹºʹǶϳũǲûԶǷĲάİȫһֱԺ̽άϢ
ղţ̽ϢĹ¿ά˶ΣҲ˫ɱǰΡ
Ȼǵѡ
һά˶ֵܵһһٶȰдֶټȻһԺӡ
άС㣬ѾҪˡ
ϲЩԼ˼棬ά˶࣬һ뿪Ժӣϵңһһźŵһ̸Ϲ
ϹƳ˽ϵһӰС㣬ǡ
άŽϵıӰЩʧԳЦЦһԳơڡļ֡
ڡ̫ǵǿߣ
͵סˡ
άѸղŵ˵һ飬üɫ裬С㣬ܽʲôͼũо
ǰ̫ǵǿ߼ǣʲôͼֻҪΪƴսǣǣκˣ
˵̫ˣϹµɫǳ侲Ȼǣʱõ˹˼ɣסֻǵǿߣǵĵˡף
ס
ҺȻĬˡ
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ٴӵʮǿߣǸеһɷĵĳ졣
ڲԶһˮϡ
ҲЦˣ˽ڳάǲ׼Ŭ˹ɽˡ

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⣬˫ڰɱ֮ǰҲԶʮ֮⣬ҲûԺĶԻ
ǡ
׺˫֪һǳҪϢɽ˹̫ǣ
߻һͬݣ˫ĺӰ벻ھȻͶά˹ũһ˫ļƻʱвͨˣ
Ӱɺũĸ֣Ҳߵ֣ԺȻ׸£ղΪʲôûɱ˽ڣ
ѾͶά˹ũǵСά˶ȥȫ·ϽɱΪʲô᣿
ָף赭д˵ѾûмĻ·ˣбҪɱһעĵ𣿡
ڱ
סˡ
𣿡εҡҡͷ׾͸߰ɣҴȥһϷˡ
ҹɫ£άԺһƬ׶ȴһȵĶߣҹɫڻ뿪̫ǡ
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ɽȵһСľݡ
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ʱ׼ڽɱľһӣ÷ֳϣɭϣܣͻȻ־άǣǲǽڵĶ֣𷣣
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Ů˾Ƿ֮÷֣̱׿ˣڸ׿˺˶೤ʱ䣿
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׿Ѿʹ˵ˣǿſͣϣҲ˵׼Բӡ
룿ɭӣھͷϵ׿ˣ
ҵȻˣױȵսɣױȵĴ࣬Ǹö֣
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׳ǼɭΪֻһƷͼʿҪɱڣһ˾Ѿ㹻ˡ
÷ȴ΢΢һЦǻһȥɣȻڲֵ֣ѵãǿڽϡһǵʽ
ʽ׼ϲ̧ͷλϣǵʽѾɹˣ


034 ս
Զʯ棬׵ҲʳƵ⣬׸£Ƶʽʲô˼
ȻͼҲȽԶɽȻ˷ƵĶԻ
Цмֹأǵǰ𣿷Ŭ˹ɽһսҰǴһѪһԴ꣬һֱأ
꣬ǶΪоԸҵʽ
ԼֱۣѾһʳ˻սӿǵʽѾоɹˡҲãҾͽһǵĳɾͣһǾо˺εǿʽ
˶٣װڣ׽ڱ˼𣿡
ڱȻ˵Ӳͼڵ׷ɱǵģˣǡ
ǲҪ̻ȥɺˣ
ҡҡָȥһ׼ʲôֶԸڡ
ǡҲ˵ɭЦҲãýһôʽ÷֣һս׼ʲôʽɱǹս
÷صЦЦɱʧǵݡս̫ͼ׵ĶսҲʧݡҵİ취ǡýսǣ
ýսǣɭЦӣ𣿽ٿҲ϶֪ǵĶ֣ôǣ
а취ˣ׼ڰɱʱûб¶ݣô
ǵģ
ͺã׼ðڣɭдһ⡮ͨȫǡսšýڵĿǣ˵ڲͼ׵Ҫͼ̨ϣսļɭ
÷ֵЩ䡰ǿ߶Լϣڿͨȫǵս飬֪˰ˣҲ϶սġһڽսͼ̨ɭҪСȫաıȻһ֣ǵʽɱ
ɭ÷ּӡȻЦ÷֣ҵһη֣㻹Ķ
÷Ц
Զ׸Цҡͷ겻÷ֵǳЩӣ֪ͷɱˡĶֲŹȤ
лƶ¼ѾжԼҲѾòϢˣˣ֪ǶѾ֪ˣ߰ɣȥ˱档

Ӻɭž¥ɺ˵ķ䡣
ɺ˵Ѿά˹ũȻȻʧ̾˿ףѾǵĵˡģΪڿ˺εȷȻҵͶһɽˮά
ɺ˼һֻ
ϢŭѾʼжˣûбҪΪһĽڡԽ
׵۾ûκα飬Ӧ侲һ룬ƶԾڣⳡЩʲôܵõʲôĺô
˵ʵҲ֪Щʲôˡ
ɺ˿ЦͻȻͶάѾ̫ǵˮҲֻһһˡףܼӷƵжͻ¼ʾңоߡ
һʮСʱӷơ⡭ˣάѾõ˽ڣӦúܿͻ̸УȡŬ˹ɽ飬׼
άͬˣҪȡЭ飬һûа취أ
ɺ˵ɥȴ΢Цάûа취ά˹ũûа취һһĵƣŬ˹ɽһҵģ

׺ɺʱ򣬽Ѿ̫ǵһҽݵĸ
ҽӵ̫õҽʦֻҪϰά˶ͽȥͿάˡ
ʱϵά˶Ȼһʶ
໡
ά˶໹˵ӣȻҲǵ
ˡ
ϵָȻ
ðһɶƵͷԼʹǣҲʹˣûнʹˡ
ҪԼܽά˶࣬о˵ṹ
ðɣһǳջ뷨
ϵָԽԽˡȻγϵĽȣǰɣذγ˽ʵ
ʱȻʶΪʦҪҽ£ʲǲ˵Ҵά˶ಢʲôܣҪά˶ͻȻʧˡðɣҲд鷳ģά˶࣬õĻᣡ뵽źҡͷά˶ҽǰȻصšǣһλͼҪȣ
ϲ֪һ˲ͷǶôˣҪ֪ά˶ĸ׼̫ˣ˭ʱɱά˶࣬ԼЦ
֨һҽݵѧͽţһ۵ڵϵά˶࣬찡ȻһλͼڣҪȡܱǸǡ
˵ܱǸʦһǳҪĲˣûʱλˡ


035 ˵
ϧϲûи˵Ļᣬɿ뿪ѧͽߣ˵ܵش鷳ˡðɣǮ϶˵ġ
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ѧͽεҡҡͷȻά˶ԥ
ҪҪأ
ʦѾԸˣҹλǳҪĲˣҲܴ
ҪǲȡԼΪҽʦѧͽôȵ飡
ѧͽòʱŵľѾά˶ʱ˹
ף
ǡ
ά˶෢ԼѾһİĵطȻֻԼ߾ʹͷĿѣͺǿҪһ
˲ԼˣάС㣬㻹㻹𣿻شң
ﲢûʲôάС㣬ǿҽɣ
ѧͽڡʦ͡ġ֮ѡ˺ߣҪά˶ࡣά˶ƿұȥӪά
Ӫȣѧͽһ£Σ飬塭㻹ǿҽȥưɣ
ָָСĹսǣ㿴ΰѲͤѵĵַңȥӪ
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˿ЦҵҲˣ˵ϾͻһˬһЩٻ죬̫õҽʦø㡣ҾɽǰύĶӡֵˣ
ά˶жİ˵Լؿڣǣƽ˶ݡҴӦ㣬ˣҰһԸ
û뵽ά˶Ȼһˬ͵Բ۾ϰңһδ˵飡
ά˶үѾ֪˵ľ̨һŮƷҪǸŮˣ˽ڵĶ֡
˵۾źɫʵһ̫ǣǸŮˣΪ׸λġ
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ҵĿ
ά˶æҪ˵ˣҶףһҵĳɱ˽ڣ㱨𣡡
Ǹұͼ̨޻ڣҼˣˣҲԹˡ
Ѿ;ƿݵĵزֻǣֻ̫޹ʣά˶үʱҵ壬ȻȻ󽻸ҵĳ
мǣԲܸݣҵ壡ҲãҲãһҪҵĳڵӣ
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彻⣬˿ϣҶԼڼ档
ǡ
ΪʲôԼݣΪ󣬺˾ȻԸԼѿҲҪóԼĹͷѵڲĹͷһ
ά˶벻ȥˣһѣθгͷԣڻǰһͷǣǣضسŵˣһԸ


ڶ ﰲ


036 ʢ磬ﰲٵʱ
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ʱȵѾ뿪ҪѰҵ֡
׸ڱȵʹ֮󣬲ûлڸģǻԹ޶й˽ϵϡ
ǹȻеĵżϣĴ֣ѽһƫƧ棬ʳһӦȽά˹ũʱҪӡ
Ϻϲ֡Ļ
ɱ񫣬ȻؼϣάԺ棬һɫһڰػά
ΨһźǣʼûдλͼʦûõŬ˹ɽĵͼ
Ҳ֪ǼģȻֱάҪͼһūͻȻҪũľӪܣάġ
ڵȣڵһʵĻᡣ
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ȵϵĴɤţǣһϢҵŬֶѾϵǰĿյؼϣҸǽ¶Ա
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˾ȵϲмƲƲ죬ϵԼʲô£ȥ˾ȥ״ɣҲ¸㣬ǵ۹߷ԺҲ˸µİӣ
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ˣֻڵ۹߷Ժʽ֣ûҪΪһ½Ĵºš

ǺȻɫ
ԭ֮½ԡṹ˽̶ȡΪ׼ֳһа񣬰ϵĵһһͼʦ
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ΪִֿС١Ƥۡȵȿ̵ʱ򣬺Ϸκһ˵ʬ塣
Ϊ˸õִпֻ̣һԼγ̣רҵĹ֣ʱͿʼѧϰθã죬̵ز١
˵־Ǵ½飬ѪҲ˽ṹְҵ
˾һ֡
ǵ۹Ĺ֡
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ҲһһѪȵĴºš
˵ǣͬʱҲĹ֣Ϊ˸õִп̣Ѿṹоˡǳĵز

ڵǷʱ򣬽ϵѾЩ˵Ĵ˵ȻĿȤ
ðɣҲʵģҲԼİͬС
ʮȫǹ֣֮˫ֿݸɣΪѪȱӦıֶΡ
ǡ
ȵҹʲôѵùּ뵶
һҲʳͬ⣬ȵϣһȺʲôҪٰĿǡʦĵʢ硯ҹǣѵΪȺֻɱ˵ѪĵǻҪ𣿡
⡭
ȵϺȻŵϹɫﰲʮҪˣҲգҾͲŴˣ
ʱ䣬ʹҺüεʢľʲôһֱûиǡ
ʵǲҸǣȵϵɫЩףʢľǣҪǵĵﰲǰɱɱٸˣ


037 ط
ɱˣ
ǶʱȺ鼤ܣȵϣǳʦǹ֣Ҿܾɱˣ
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ӣӣľһӣɱٸˣȵĻ𣡣
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һȣĸշӦһָ߸߾˫ۣλ˵һ仰
ȵɱˣ뺦ǰǶǡɱκӽʬ֮ˣҪɱģǲǹ֣ûкϷʵȨһǲμȵϵıݡ±ݻûнǾѾͼڸˣ
ȵϣҲ뱻㺦˳飡
ַȻӵеĳתҪ뿪ʱ˺Ȼסվס
ʲôﲻļûȨҡ
ֲȻŭԼҲһЩһȭ˵š
ǰɣȭͷײ˵ıϣ˵ıֵֹȴԤϵعˡ
⡭
϶һʵ̫Ϥˣһ˵ĹͷǺ˵ġ
ýϾȵĻں棡˵ֵȭͷ֮Ȼת˫ȭһоͰѵִĻ˹ȥ
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ȵʱѾ̧ͷ˵Ҫ֣Ҫ֣˵꣡
λһ±ǣپȥһǽʻˣѾõ˵۹߷Ժɣ˸Ͼʢڼ䣬ӵкϷʵȨ
ȵϿֵɫ΢ͻһЩԼҲ˿ڶ£ǽҪɱĻ˲ʲô޹ߣ̷һȺ๼˵
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⡭
ʵڿǵ仯ܾɱˣһҪɱĻͼڡ
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ͼڵĿһЩΪͼһЩӵļ֣еİ࣬ԽԽá
ΪͼڸͲֻ࣬һЩƤĵ͵ؾ棬ʷķһɱҲ
ڳĵǾ;ֵּǲΪͼԼͬǿɱͼڣɱһ
ȵǱȽһ࣬ЦԭǶǡͼڵˡˣ֪ˣӻĸƨѽ
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ƲƲ죬֪ͼΪʲô䵽ֵزɱطһȺ޹ĿˣһȺ޹ͬࡣ
ǵģͬ࣡ҲѾͼ֮·طȫһģ
ϵڶðǸͷпܣԼǲø˳һЩ
һ̣ͷ˵ǿңΪѾӵѾһһţѾԸıһЩ˳ĵˣ
ڽ˼ʱȵѾƺ顣
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ߵʱݺݵص۽Ϻˣӣǽˡ
⣬ȵϻǰһʮ׸ߵĴӡ
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ﰲ١ʱʮ죡
Ͽӵʱһ£ﰲʮҪˣٸطҲֻʣʮĻ·
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ȵں˽СˣˣܸСѣСӽ޵ϣֻһūСӵĵءҴģҪܹȥ۹ѧԺһʱ䣬϶ȡﰲĵλΪ½һ쵶
ֻһūʱɭϷһ˿ɫ
ǣ
ȵ˵۹ѧԺ⼸ֵʱϵȻ˾ηޱȵη壡


038 ѩһսĪս飨1
˺Ȼץסȵϵļ򣺡ȵϣΪūʸ۹ѧԺ
ʸ񣡡
ȵ̾˿ʵ㣬ҪūȻ󱣾۹ѧԺά˵Ҳģ
˳ˡ۹ѧԺ飬֮ȵϲŻȻʶϻԼߡ
ȻԼĺףѽˣ޵ϣʲô
һע⵽ˡӣȵѾ㹻ĵ֣ѾҪˡðɣ׼ȥӳְصάСߡ
ҪߣУԲУȵץס˽ϵֱۣӵȷ㹻ĵ֣ĸ֣ڵѹ׼ѵʢҪһأ
ǡһҪأ
ȵ϶ԽϵӡǳҲΪ˽ϣСҪʵڲɱˣǡҾͰ油Ķ飡㲻뿪ҵʢʽԱҪǳʲô©Ҷȥ⣬˻ϽǽļɣҲȥϿΣҪȻ©油ʲôȥ
ȥѧϰʣ
ѧڽ۷ֱҲû˽һ´½ϵĽˮƽðɣҽһĿϡ
飬飡
˵ʱպȻźŵһһϣάѰҽڵı־
άˣ
˸ڸﻻ˽ڵĴ磬ȻҹɫǱ̫ǡ
ڽߺ󲻾ãҲ飬ȵϣͽˣҪǡ
ȵҪסˣʲôӵģﻹһ̯ӵأУѵϣң
˵۾Ȼһ˿ѵõ飬Цȵϣһһֶ̫ǣѾʮûмˡ
Ҫȥ̽׵ģҿɲ㣬ֶҲ̫ˣӦӭġ
ҲЩɻӣ˵Ҳǣ֪ҽ쵽̫ǣȻûӭҡˣȥ

һӵɻ̫ǣץסһ·ˣ̫ǵĵھǿߣסʲôط
ͷԼĿû˵ˣھǿߣⶼһѾ
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ʵϣĵҽʦѾѶ˳ҲֻгէˣĽϻ֪Ѿ˵Ϣ
˵ѪͫȻѪץӾˣ˵ʬأֶӵʬ壬ûб˴
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˱ŵɫæ˵룬벻Ҫ˺ңҶ㣡
ڰǰʱμͼ̨
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ֻҪң˵ʬʲôطûʬ壡
˾ȵĿɿڴֶˣȻ֣Ȼֻʬ䡭
Ѫһˣ
˼æңҲ̫˵ѶǴӡ˹ҽݡģ㣬ȥʺ˹ҽݡ
˵˹ҽݵĵַ
˳·ߣֱߵĵСǡ
˵ϣͷҲس˵
˺˹ҽݵǰ˫˺ҽݵţ˵˵Ѷ˭ģ
ά˶ԺϢѾɫ
һ˰ԵԴǣά˶Ȼվһ̣Ȼ˵Ѫɫͫף㡭Ǻ˵ĳظЦ˳Ѿ죬ˣ

ά˶˻ʶ˶Էʱ򣬽ҲѾ˵άԺӡ
Ժ沢ûˣƿάķţðɣάС㣬ң
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ָά°ͣװάС㣬ϹҪӣڡðɣҪֵңɺǶЩʲô


040 ˷ĳ
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Ŷ̸Уڰʾӳ롭ðɣԸҾһϱаɣ
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ӣѾ̣һٶʮ֣
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ȻάãȻͷף̸أŶҲŬ˹ɽҪʰҡ
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ɺ˵ɫת䣬ȻЦ˳ãһάãȻýҵ̣
ѽĻ̫ˣôý۸أ
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ά뿪˻ңҲͦأһ緢ӡ
˽ڣ˽һʾά˹ũѾһϣ
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ѵɺ˻г룡
άȵŤͷ
ɺ˵Цݸ䣬άãһλˣһ棬ɣ


041 ά
һɫ԰׵߽˻ҡ
һ˿֯ɵĹ峤ۣͷͿĺɫһ̧֣ʮָϾȻöʿ䡣
һɫȵӣ鸡ĲάǰάѾ˳磬ʲô
˾άĴ磬ũˣά˹ز
ҸάӣãɺŬ˹ɽ顣ѾӦˡ
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ʮ֮άͻȻץס˲죬ļ֣㣬Ŭ˹ɽˣ
ſңſңҿ׸磡άҽͰ
˵Ҳ֪ƽʱϲѡǰҾڶĳ˶ʮҡ
ؿ˳ʮҰǶĳǵ۹ĻҲҵңҲһˡ
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ɫԵ˵ãǸŮʵ̫Ưˣ۾ҹǹ⣬ͷһڵٲ
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042 ؼ룬鵮1
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Ůһ˫ںڵĴ۾ڣ˫۾͸һɾĬĬؿάͷ
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ط˼Ĵ۾ȻųϲĹâֵؿάȻؿ˽ϵĻ
ʱ򣬽ϲǽɫֵĴ磬̫ϤӡµĶˣһ۾˳ϣǸͷԼĶˣ

Хı紵̫˶ëѩ
ڽϵĻɪɪ
Ϻ޲Լţ
Ů˾Ȼأ
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ô
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ʵǲȥˡ
ʱά˽ںصĹϵɫڣѾѾͷѾûйϵˣÿɱ
̾˿ðɣΪصȫǣʱԼ߰ɡ

Լݣ޵ߣڽߣ
Ϻܿ˾մɱɱģ޵ϰɡ
͵޵ߡ
Цס˱ŭάάС㣬ά˹زֻһùưͣαɱأղѾ˵ˣ˵Ĵ󡭡
죡ûȤĴ
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ǡҲÿأάС㣬ɱҵŮˣҺûӵģ
һΪѵӣҶԼˣûҪΪһư˺ɱ뱣סԼӣ硭һеİ취𣿡
У飬𣡣
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άҲ˵ū
ţūڶ⣺شūͼģ˭أ
еǰɯǸӣǸȳӣͼū
ŶɯϾ׽ĸ֣ͺûһ
ô⣺һѡ⣬άС㣬ֻҪشңԣ߲ԡ
ǣҪһˣҪܵ˵ĥƷͼĿѣɱ죬𣿡
ά˵˵Ķԣ
ðɣðɣеķѾЦе˵ǡȥźɯ
һʱ˵ɫ÷ǳ죺άɴ۾ͣºʹ㿴ңҿ㣬Ȼ¶ˡö
ϻЦеӣ˵㿴ղ˵ģɯǸӣǸȳӣͼūôȥźһķūһͼū͵ڰƽ˻ӣ⡭Ǳɱ𣿡ɵؿڣһάСأҲǱסӣҶ˺
ϵЦһƬĵİۣάǶݺݵص۽ϡ
ӣӣ
ά׽ŽϵôʣģڴأԭΪ뱣סԼӣ
һΪӣȻҪһŮƽӡ
蹷ģ
άԽڵӡ½͵㣬Ѿ˵ֵزҲòһӡˣã˵ѶأȻ͸ɯڽڡصһ۽ϣ


043 ؼ룬鵮2
źɯά˿һʹ࣬飬ȴĸʵһദĳظĸǾԲԿġ
ά߽ԺӣںЦеҲҪȥ
ʱغȻվס˽ϵ½ǣ۾д˸м
Ȼ˰֣д֣лл
һװмӣлʲôҰ͸һӣƽ˻ӣȻҪл𣿡
صȻһЦдһλףղλСѾ׼ɱˣ͸һūڱء
ˣȻԼ⣡
ĬȻȻػ˻֣ûôãСѾͷ̫ˡ

ʼգ϶ûиأԼڽ֮⻹һݣ޵ϣ
ϲ֪ھ޵ϡΪʲôҲ˵Ҫǰѧܸһ𰸣ֶǱʶ֧£Լ΢һ棬ǰϣ㲻Ը֪޵ϣΪ㲻֪޵Ľ֮£Ȼһšū
άŽϣѾѽ϶λΪһѪҪӡαǿߣȻٸϺɫ
ӦĵͼбҪûС
άѡŬ˹ɽĵͼҸ˽ϣָſŭȥ׼ˣʮ֮㻹ҪսһλƷķͼڣ
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άһŤͷȥ˵
Լ߰˷ӣС㣬С㣡
˽һֽŻŵ˵صѶѾ
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άؽӹ¼ֻдţҽأһư͡
Ҳ˹άĶٶȸ죬ֻɨ˼۾Ѿص

½СߴͼҡΪ׵ǧͼڵһңؼ塣
ҵģɺ˱ġĦ塯
ؾĦ壡ǼҶŮһλС
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˱Ͼǵ۹߹٣ά˶಻Ϊһ仰͸ɽ۹Ĳ

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˵ϲ㣬˿˵ذϵһ϶ĵع۲
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ˡ
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˵ĽˮƽʵûȤȥˣʱ򣬺ܶ൶ּͷǹǵĳ棬Ż˳ҲͼװŻµӣԼķ䣡
ļ죬һֱڷط׹ǶУڤѾյ¯ĵزֻѩһս

ʣһʱ򣬽ϺȻһǳ顣
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ˣˣ㱣ңһʲôŬ˹ɽĴ˵˵ˣŬ˹˵Ĵ˵ǧ꣬һû˵˭Ŭ˹ɽԵȵЦе˵ŹˣˣȻ㺦Ŭ˹ɽΪʲôҪȥս
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046 ɽѩ֮ҹǰ֮
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⼸仰άά˶˼ͷϵҲһź
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ϾѾ׼õһѧȻ˷ʦôˮӡ


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ѾõŬ˹ɽĵͼһ·ᳵ·ľ򵼵ְ
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ԶԶȥһ°ɽεضֱɽߵ㣬һâҫۣ
ΧźâǴɽֱ£һƬɫٲĻƽ
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Щһά˹ũĴ֣һǹӶģάģ̫ǳŵĳӡ
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ȺıԹýһͨ˲ԼʤרأԼ߾ͼڴңβһǶһսĿ
뵽Цά˶үЩ˵ڱذܣôðɣ˵Ϊʲô취ȡʤ𣿡
Ҫȡʤߣܣά˶һЦǣǿԽɱ֣ڡҲԽսɭֻϣܹȻҵˣ˵ô
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Ҳýϣȴǰһ
Ϊ˵ĶԻһǳҪѶϢͼػ
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Ҳһ̣һмԹεĽǰһ
ȺѾ˸߽˳ˣˣɭˣ
վһλƮݣʤѩˣŬ˹ɽ£ƣһЦƮȺɽڣѩ֮ҹŬ˹ɽۣ֮ɭǰӦս


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ǡ
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ˢ
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ߣ׵ǻ͵ȡɣûɽı£ҲգͰ޵˵ģߵڶС·
һתĿᶨˡڶС·ķһƬֲָããɽ֣żһŮҰ˵ĺС


048 ʽⶫ1
һ棬ѾЦеɽڵĴ·
վסûŬ˹ɽѾˣ
ס˽ϡϲŲæԶϹ֣ܼҴˣң޵ϣҽȥ𣿡
Ϲһ㶣þӷŽϽ޵ϣʲô
޵ΪʲôŬ˹ɽҲһص⣬ǻش𲻺ãպҲвС鷳
Ĵ𰸣һͣҶάСĹӣŭܼҴˣܵģ֪ɣˣȵϣά˶࣬ɺ˹ϵеĻ쵰ѾŬ˹ɽϰԼ·˵˳ȫ滰һͼƻͻǵĶ飬ָһ·ܼҴˣ뾡ǲʿȥ׷ɱǰɣ
Ϲ۾һһ޵ϣ벻ȻġӣԸСӣ޵˵ķȫˣ޷ͰǸϽɽ֣˵ţϹĽϵļ򣬡޵ϣ˴󹦣ͣ
л𾴵ĹܼҴˣΪάСЧӦõģεʼ磬Ҳ֪һҪص˹μӵʢ磬ΪұܣǧҪ˵֪ҸղŵĻ𣿡
ģҾһ
ٴθлĹܼҴˣǡȥ¸άС㣬𣿡
Ϲµͷ׼˽ϽŬ˹ɽ
̯ĿϹ£Цеأ߽ɽڡ

ٱȵˣ޵Ϊʲôָȵ鷳Ǹϵֳʱ䣬ȫĺ飬ô
ȵʵ̫ŽˣҲû취Ҳ벻޵һū顣ǶŴ½ͨū
ϲûаԼ˵ȥάɽһεСľݣū·صĽװ硣
һźɫ֣һϮ£һͷĿĵɫȣϴ߳СľݵʱȻ˶ëѩ
ѩڣ
̫ǰ죬һѩǧ궼ûбʶ˷ѩա
ҷѩڵѩڲͬѩǼһɺɫıƬѩѪ죬ͺһλŮӣڰи̫ʱѪ֮ᣡ
յķѩŽµĻƽϺȻһֹĸоؿڣ
һηѩʱֻһãȻ֪ū
ٴηѩѾ̫Ϊ֮𶯵ġǿߣ
ɭѩ֮ҹŬ˹ۣ֮һսԹ
ԾŬ˹ɽۣ֮
һҲɽĹĶ´ҰСУִȺȻ
κʧ˳Ѿɽˣģǹȥǹȥ
ô߸ɱۣ
ϹɭȻĿȴŬ˹֮ۡ
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ɽҲ˽ϵҧҧָǰȻӿٶȣߣ
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ɽ඼£ڲ׵ĻɽѨ
ϵɽ֮ǰɽһ⣬ⶴѨҽɫ
ɭ̤ƣƯڻɽϿգԶԶϣ΢΢һЦ΢ĸʧܵ׼𣿡
ɭעı﷽ʽ΢ĸ򡭡ףҲϲֹŵʽԣҪϰˡ
ϲûзебһ޴ʯЦɭ
Ȥĸ򡭡ɭµİƻƽǡԿʼ𣿡
˵أ
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ʱѾ׹ˣѾʼˣģȥս


049 ʽⶫ2
䣬䣬䣡
Ŭ˹ۣ֮ϵʯͼɭײһ𣬱һľ죬Ҳĳ
ڳУϺͼɭѾսһ
ɭ̤ƣӯһһʽߵĶһɡ֡
ϲûжطͼڵӣʽ󿪴أɽʯռһԡ֣
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ӲҶʮж·磬΢ĸ㲻̫ǵǿ֮ʶҵķ֮ػãԸ
˵ţɭͷ³һɣҵػ
ڼɭתԽתԽ죬һʱ䣬γһת쫷װף
ͬһʱ䣬ɭٴαƽ˽ϣ
֮
ϾϵʯӭһΡ
žž
ʯɭΧġ֮ػ˸飡ɭҲѾûǰָ絶һָڽϵĿڣ΢ĸѾˣ㲻˽Ʒġͼػ棡
ۣ϶ܲɭָ򣬶ʱƤͺ񱻽ҵһѪ⣡
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ϵѪҲۼɭָ⻹ͣԼļϣȻͷ磬üͻһعͷײɭġָĹǹؽڣ
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ʱϻӶõұۣɢ쫷װףһȭ˼ɭؿڣİҪף󣬲һ࣡
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ɭˣ΢΢һЦĸ𣿡
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Ѿʶ鲻ˣ֮УҪȥͱ뱣־Ե侲
һ״̬һЦȤһȦףðɣ÷ֽгɣӦѾˣô
ڣѾˣ
ɽϺȻ÷ֵ
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ڣ׼ôΪһЩǿһУӭǵķƾ
ɭɨ۽ϣڿһֻСҰԼı˵ǳԶ˽ϲܻ뿪
ʵϣ˭Ҳţпܻ뿪Ŭ˹ۣ֮
ϵĶ֣Ʒǿ߰

ԼԻ뿪УҲ÷һԼġط
һ̣Ц˵˺ұ߼ʵĻ÷Ůʿɭʵǵʹ࡭
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ǽѾ˷֮䣬֫ʣ÷ŮʿɭҪ赣ʹҵ𣿡
֫ſͬʱϱǳʮӲ޳ҫŰɫҺķǴ̣ǹ׹ǶУ
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ǣ
ɭȹǺײһ棬һѾܲһӲɭɭ׹ǣ

ʱ򣬽ϵȭѾ˼ɭؿڣɭսѾˣ


050 ˵Ŭ˹ɽ
ɭƺһԭڰյ弱׹ңɽڵĻδǳխһʱ£סΣȻ׹˻ɽڣ
һ棬÷Ҳͬ鷳һɨˣҲ÷ִɽ
Ȼ󣬽϶Żɽڣ΢΢Ŵ
ղеǺ죬ǸǿȵɱУҲ˸ǿȵġ
ֻԼڵѾեˣҲһĸо
ڻǷɵʱضŻɽڡ
ƿɶǻɵģǻûʱпܴӻɽɳ


ϵĴϢɽ紫ȥԶĿ⻹ǲ뿪ɽڣѾˣ׹ʮ֮ƽ÷Ѿץס˼ɭҪƺ赿ɱ
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ȵϣһҵݣ˵ΣҵȷԸЩ׷һԳ֣췺½֪Ϊ۹ɷ߹٣ȴ֪͵͵Ǳ˽أһʵһʲôȥʵ۱£ʲôȥ߷Ժͬţ
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䣬䣬䣡
һ˫ƣͺݣӲҳһɽͨ·
ۿڻƵȥȵĿɿڴ㣬ȻһУӵģΪʲôó
ΪңҪóһУͷˣ
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Ӱ֣ȵϾزҽУˣĲѣ

ƴ٣ƿ·ǵһϵŬ˹ɽĲǡ
һϵֳģά˶࣡
ǰά˶˷֣߾һöָάǰŵ˵װάС㣬ּˣһΣҵ𣿡
ά¸ضǸˡͼڴٽĹ۲Աһά˶ӣһɻð˳ļ֣㻹û𣡣
ǣŹߵάעҵŮˣöɽٷ˵Ľָ𣿡
ά˶൥ϥأѽָ͵άǰ
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άʤָά˶ıװ׵ظ㣬ˣ
ά˶һ㶣ǿЦάС㣬㲻ҵİ⣬ҲرĻѻɣ
˵ĲĻѻά˶࣬ǵұɱʱ𣡣һҾˣɺǼɱûһᡭڣҵĿͣظһ飺ѾУˣ


051 
ѾˣѾˣ໣
ά˶ͻȻХα仯˭ң˭
άŰۣƾʲô㣿
ңңǣŹκУұɱ
ά˶ȻŬ˹ۣ֮״񣬡ǲǽڣģһ
˵ţά˶Ŭ˹ɽǣֳ裬ڣ
ά˶࿴ڲ׵Ͷά˹ũ־άһЩ֤ںάĹϵͬһ㣬˳µģάһǽˡ
ά˶ıӰάֱţģῴϽǸѪļ֣ά˶࣬ĸһ˲ǽڣ
ά˶ѾԶˣ
ģ㲻ˡ
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˵ţάҲ׷ȥ
ʮӶ׷ά
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εЦЦҲȥ۲ԱӲѾû·ˣȻҲҪȥ۲Ľ
ά˶໯ˣٶȱͲһֱ˳Ŵ·ܣܿ죬Ŭ˹֮ۡ
ʱ򣬽ϻѵصڻɽڸѾûս֮ˡ

ڣǵϣ
ά˶ԶԶؿ˽ϣſǿھӣȻԵϣ
ǿά˶ĵһﻹɻĹˣԼά˶ಢûްôһɱеӣ
ʱݲý϶ˣά˶ۿ϶Լǿڣ˳ŤͷŽһ໣
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ȣʱѾĵ;ƿݵĵزҲûа취ά˶ɱˡ
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ףԸṩ𣿡ά˶ųϲɫ
ȻҴӲİѵġָָϣάɱ˽ڣ

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ά˶ڵĽڻɱУһñͷģά˶಻Ҳðա
ڣǷˣǾȻĲҳˣ
鵽˵Сάų˾ϲɫֻҪӣĹӶӦþܸϹʱǾĿŵɱǣ
𣿺ðɣάС㣬ڿʼű𶯣˵Щʲô㶼뵭ǧҪ¶ȵɫ


052 
˵ţϺȻһŵʫɣԲȱ仯Ī⣬ԹܲɷֵĹϵά˶࣬˵ô
˵ʱ򣬽ά˶࣬۾ȴ˫ȴĵز˱󣬷·һбɱľ
ӣͬһλȲʤȯľˣڻɱ֮ǰСĶһָ㣬֮Ĳ࣬һ죬һڵء
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ߣȱ֮ʱ˻սⲢʲôܣ
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Ⲣʲôܣǡ廹һΪ֪㣡ϵĿά˶ıǻһһٵǼ⣬ǵ㣡ıǼ⣬ɱ㣬ֻҪһУ
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÷Ҳ˽У
۲Ա죬Ȼ˻ƤСӡȻȹؿһף
λ̬ұ뿪һ󣬸ǣ


054 սԻر
۲ԱҴҵˡ
Ź۲ԱĲڣպټ
ҲŬ˹ɽһߣһĴͷǻҵһأãһж
ðɣһж
׵ıӰήҵػ˻֣Ȼ˿άٿˡ
ͻȻ
ϽŲģһͷάĻ
ڣ
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άһ㶣һʱ䣬û׽ϵ˼ʱѾ˽ǰάսϵ˼͵ػ֣Ҫʲô
άС㣬游үӼңҲûôԵÿҿһڵƣ
ûάƽϣŵضŽϡ
ˣ֪Ǵĵ̣ҹҵ˽ͼڻ뿿ڣޣάѽϿ˼ϣЦ˭֪ǲûıڣʲôֽţˣţٲͼ֮ǰڣҴˣ
άСҡ
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άĴɤֱһ׷żĽϣһָ˵ıƿڴˣҶһԣٸҹһҾȥ۶ҷУ˾򵽻ʵ۱ǰҲ㵽ף
˵ţάԲˣŬ˹ɽ
Ҫ׷άͬףάǽϵ쵼ά͵ڵ˽ڣ
¶ݣҪ벻ץסѱһЩƺ顣
뵽ɽȵάһֱ˹̹֮ңҼߣҾȥ游үۣ
ϣҺأ
άۼ˲ûиغԶ֮ʵڣΪʲô˸Ǽһǵľ˰
άС㣬⵽˵˫𣿡
ϴάļŲЩ鸡˫ֵָؽڣȫĦƤм¶˹ͷ˵ʲô˵Ϊ˼ʱǣϧ£ȥһٶȣյŶͷһ˵ݣ۹߷Ժ̶ӸӳǸʡܶһĹԱһʡ߹٣ΪһСũһδı棬ֻ̫ЩƴҪûʲôرͼ𣿡
ε̯ǣ飬һͲǿԳеģȻܳеðɣǾҪսԻرܡ
սԻرܣάûôʵĴʻ㣬Ϊ˲棬װŶԭսԻرܡﻹ˵ĺôֲ뻹飬͹˲أ
ʵɣνսԻرܡ°ͣǲ뻹һ˵ţΪʦ˵
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ܿ죬С·±ߵķֲ·ڣϻ˻֣Ѿˣһҵ飬ټ
ιվסάָŽϵļ򣬡Ĳôصˣϸһũˣ
СˣԼģάС㣬ǵҼũʱԼûȨңţ
˵ţϹսһԵĹľԡ
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лʲô
лŬ˹ɽ֮İûŬ˹ɽ
ʱάֵֹġ
Щ͸ˣһΪԼӣһưƽӡҲΪ˻İԼŬ˹ɽ֮׾һս
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һӵɻάɽС
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һⳡ棬άȻŭҪȡĸס֣ɻû˵ڣСߵһ¥һλλӦò¶ˣڽҹľǱ˵ѾˣѾս޶ͼף
˵ģ۲Ա
˪ӣҵȺһӾˣһٶɱ۵ģ˶ھӵв°
۲ԱЦЦܺãȻԸһڵͼףôҴ̫ͼڴٽѩһս֣нڣʧŬ˹ۣ֮սȻˣһжܴȫʤսѾѷ̫ǵһǿףΪˣ̫ͼΪ
ȺžֻдصĺҶڵȴĽۡ


055 ʹ֮
ڣ̫ͼ׵һ
۲Ա½µλȻڵĵȼֻƷ˼Ȼϸսڵ鵱УսӹɣڣȷʵӵײʵΪλ۲Ա顭
۲й£ϸԭ򣬿Ȼ֣ȺкȻһֹŹֵա
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һӣ͵Թ޵һ޵ڶǾһСĵһǸҪ֪׺ͽڣ˭ĵһǿߣ
ȻѾ˱Թ˳۲Աʲôһһ޶̫ǵǿ֮ϣŽһŪһеĵһߣ
λĪĪ۲ԱæԼĳƪۣЦףλĵǣ˭̫ĵһǿߣ⣬޷شǣ߸߾һݾԼ֮굱죬ͼ̨ڽһʤʱ̫ǵһǿߵıҲΨһˣ
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ϰԼļͣѵһϡ
ƲأֻƤˣҪǣеʵ̫ˣֱڣ֫ʹ
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ϱ۾ܽս飬˼ȥܽһ仰ĸ޸ĵĹֲףѾԽǿĶ֣
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Ӱ˹ЦȻǵסϵ۾ɫʵҿọ̈̄ʹõʽԴҵĹȴʤٱ˵ǲǡʹ޸ҵĹģҲֻгʹҲֻгʹܰԼĹ޸ĵֵزŭ˵ǲǳʹ


056 뷨1
ʹ
ϲ֪ʹʲôӰһ֪ĸ޸ؼ顭
ðɣͻĸ鷳
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㲻֪ߣ
ӰɭɭضŽϣԲŽϵĹ
бҪƭ𣿡һ޿κεӣԼ˵ļ򣬡һʲôūӡֻܰūӡֻҪⶫڣƭҸƭ𣿡˶٣ּȣҪ׷۸ؼ飬ҵģҿȫκ飬ֱΪֹ
ûмʹ
ӰЩˡ
ҸûʲôʹҪǲšðɣҰٶ˵˽ҵһУҪﲻԣ㾡ȡǵĽףҼһū
Ӱ˽⽭ϵһУ仰ǰ죬Ͽܻţǽ졭
Ӱ֪ɯ޸ؼ飬֤ȫ֪ȫܵˣ
ֻҪȫ֪ȫܡ
Ǿ͡ûˣɫؼ֮ļȥȦĵؽѡ
ǰ飬һһʮ˵ȫʵÿһϸڶŹɾ˵ʼʱһҶǰĻ֪ʶϼȡʱ򣬿ҳνӴҲˣԴʹͣһʱ䡭ʮ֮״ʧҼȻ󡭡찡ҾȻֻ˼Ӿ˹ùеġ׹ǶСٵؼ
֮飬˵˶ʮӣҲȫʵ
˵꣬ӰĵҰڶ˼һ󣬲Ԥϵץס˽Ϲ˵һΣȡʱеͷʹˣ
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ϵд˳ϿҺ̹Ȼ
ӰǳɱģԼĹͷʹ
һǳʹ޵ϣ޵ϣû޸˹
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ӰȻĬˡ
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ٸͬǸﰲ׼ģȺӰ˵ȥѾӹüҪﰲǰ߻ӭﰲĵϣƻĻӭʢ硭ðɣһ㶯־ˣﰲһᵱѣȫ㣬𣿡
ӰȻ֣˵ʵһǳɵ飬ͷﰲһңҪһ˰סﰲȡ˵ʱ䣡
ŽϣӰȻЦ޵ϣūӡĵڶ굱죬ҶԸﰲҪʮӣ
ҶԸﰲ
ϵɴ۾ðɣðɣȻش⣬һﰲͼڵȼǣ
Ҳ֪ﰲĵȼҿԸ㡭ӰԳЦЦۼﰲ֣ʱֳս֮£
죬άүүǧͼڵһҵĵҶºţܴ˵
һŶԭҲ֪ӣʵڶ⣬ﰲҪɱңҪӣ
ӰһЦӶã
㻹ȥԸﰲ
ϰյĴŶͷ̲סðһ绰ȥɱ
æɱӰȻһ䣬Դг˵٩ζȷﰲﰲ˵һڵٶʤôͼ޸ˡ
İ뷨ǡ


057 뷨2
ҾҪĵȥԸﰲ
ӰĵȻһ޵ϣﰲȻһԵȴǧȷ飬ֻҪúԼĵ;ﰲʮӣ
ҿԾܾ𣿡
ȻԾܾԸ⣬һū
ϳĬˡ
κûнڷ緶³һĭݺݵ㽶˵ˣӰ㶨ﰲ
Ӱһ㶣ĹϴΪʦӣھҪðԸﰲҲڱִֻɣ
Ȼصͷܺãľ޵ϣﰲֻܸ㣬ﰲʮҽǣض·̫ǵʳгģԼ취˶٣⣬⼸죬ٸͬͻᱻ͵̫Ǹҵǵеһ쵼һȻҵļƻ쵼ҵж
ðɣԸһ˲ʧ̬֮󣬽ָֻΪʦӣЦЦһЩʲôָ𣿡
ûˣŬ˹ɽĵͼҰɡ
һſհ׵ֽһ֧ëʣƮƮ˽ǰ
ֽϻڿҪʱȻͷҲ̧ʵҪŬ˹ɽĵͼʲô㲻ңûʸ֪ɣ
Ѿʸ֪ˡӰĵ˻ΣЦղŬ˹ɽ̳ԷƵһĻ㿴ˣ
ϱʼһ٣ͷǵҰɫĹâйأ
Ŭ˹ɽһֱһ˵Ĵ˵ÿѩڣʱŬ˹ɽʹͼڵɽͻԵˣг̰ǧŬ˹ɽٳԵ˶ʮλǿߣͷǿޣҪŬ˹ɽĵͼҪҵЩ޵ĺǣ
ǣɻ̧ͷͬʱҲѻõĵͼӰҺʲô
Ӱɨ۵ͼںУȻݸһŵɫƤԭ棬Լɣ
˵ţ£ʧڽǰ
չƤᣬֻһۣЦˣѹϣҵǿߵĺǡлܣ

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һΣ޵ϣļﵽƷͼʿĶ㣬ڽƷ֮ǰסƷֻһżƷӵСͼػű־ͼ֮·
ڶλνͼػٻһȻʱߣսΪһλͼڣٻػ࣬ʬ壬׹ǣ꣬ʬȵйصȻ󣡡
仰ǺӰҪǿߺǵԭ
ͼڿٻʬΪԼͼػңٻһͷٻһλǿߵĺǣЧ϶ȫͬġ
ӰҪŬ˹ɽǿߺǣԼͼػ
Һܴ󷽵ģܸ߸˽ϣڰʾϣСһƷʱҲŬ˹ɽٻһλǿߵĺǣΪͼػ
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ȻλλٻͼػĿھر𾯸˵޵ϣʵԽ֮ǰֻٻһ֡ͼػһٻͲ͸ģٻʱ֮ǧҪѡ˵ҪôٻһٻΪǰ;ͱѡõģ
Ҫٻٻõģ
ϰ仰ĬĬؼȻŬ˹ɽĵͼ
пܣھҪȥҳһλǿߵĺǣ
źǣά֪Ŭ˹ɽĴ˵ĵͼϲûбǺǵ
ҾڽҪϸоʱȻĴ޵ϣάСϳ֣ʮ֮ڣ㲻СҪĹȣ
ðɣѰǿߺǵ飬ֻԺ˵ˡ
ϰյŶͷɽŵС
άڴѰҽϣһϹƿڴ޵ϣ˵Ҫȥͨ籨Ѷأȥ
άС㣡ҡָЦЦ֪ģʵһܵСˡ
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Ȼ֪ҵĵСάС㣬ͥڵģͲҪ˰ɣΪѵʼ磬յάĶСѵҪʵʵ˵˵ղŵʱұŵƨ㵽ɽȥάūҲһˣӺ𣿡
άһ㶣ȻꡯһЦ˳
ҲЦˣάС㣬սѾˣڡҿԻ˹𣿡
ʲôѵô𣿡ά۾ܿЦ˳߰ɣҪѺͼȥ˹һߣ
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ͷһȻȵ⵹ùӱ˹Ѻ棬캰صѺ
Ǿȵʮ棬ʮֻɭɭ۾˸ʮòķضԼ
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ѾûȤȥˣŹ˹ͨתȦȻĹ˹ͨļ򣬡ȫұɱԼĥ꣬ҲûԼʦֵܣĹүǶ


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Խ˵һĹ֪ʶ˹ͨǿҵӡٽֻҪϵ˹ͨͿɺӰеһˡ
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ⲻʲôطֻǽ֪ĴԣѨ׵ĵطԵʱʧ䡣
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061 Ǯ
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ϵɴ۾˫ڶߣȻһƣҿά˹ũõūʹºţ޵ϣֻҪڣͲ֣һ˾Ϳˣ

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ʱɺë޵̺ҲӶһ̵ֱ˵ƽߵľͷͬ߼ʣ
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㵨ңⱰ΢УȻң
Ǵڵ˺ȻɫһָάԸɱ


062 
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Ťͷ˿ﰲĶ޳ȻָͷЦͺһ̻ġɹƭļ̣


063 ̫ǵɱ˵1
̫ǵĻӭ飬ֻһˣ
˻ڸﰲϳһ̫֮Ҳﰲ³
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˵ͷҼСԺ͵ڣÿ֪ҼСĹأ
ﰲĹؾǣΪ½һ쵶ÿһأضȥ߷õصʳг鿴صĳˮƽ
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ʱ˺Ȼصɺһۡ
Ȼﰲϲ徲ϣһӵԼĺ档
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ǰﰲûӭءԤϵأɺ˵һκάͬУȻŮһ𷢺ݵʲôȥĹ㳡ٸѾˣʢϾҪʼߣҾͲˣѾ˼׼ĵʢ磬ֺﰲ

̫ǵʳгһ׳խҵ֣ũóгһĿƮɢһŨŨζɱ֮µѪˮ࣬бȵ߰㣬ѾѼһòҶӡ
ĵ·ϣѩɫĶ޲סҡͷڱԹĵطѾŪҵ㣡
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ң˫ֺͲϵϸƤԿӦ÷ǳᡣ
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ɱӳ³һ˫ڱͬһλչľˣǰ

ȱֻ϶˶ʮڣ

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˺Ȼ˿ڣȵأȵĲ˼飡ˡλλʦ
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һȵӰһϮ£棬ɱ֮ǰȻϹ˫ֺǰʣʦСŮﰲҵüʦĵգ֪ܷʦ̵գ


064 ̫ǵɱ˵2
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065 ټ٣1
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ʮ룬ʮߵС㣬ôģ
ܼ򵥣˵ĳٶʵ죬࣬һֻܳÿһ壬˽⵽ָƵĵزﰲּһͷ㿴ͷҪͷ͹ͷϵֽ⿪Ҫʮ̫˽Ĺͼˣ׼ؽֻ֣һ͹ͷֽ⿪һһʮɵ飬˵˵Ľٶȣܲ𣡣
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ƽʨƶǶص˵ͷȻüʣС㣬ղ˵ĵٶѾսʤ㣬ѵﰲҪޡ


066 ټ٣2
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ֻ˵˰ĹӦάıԾͱ¶ȻŤͷݺݵضŽϣڣľڸʲô


067 ƽ1
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ӵģӵģˣˣȵһңץ˵ְûаɵʢ磬ﰲģʵ۱»ҵģװСһνС̵ʱҪ̣ǧһʹ죬ңҾһӰ
˺ûȵϵİɫ粻Ĭ˰βðһ䣬ȵѣ˵ʢ磬ҲҪҶҪ
ʵϣˣȵϣ̫ǳﱸʢ磬һԭǷ˹ʵ۵һ
ҪȻƾɺһУ붯һ۹Ĵ󵶹һʡ߹٣
ǡ
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ӵģһЦĳ𣡣
ȵһ˿Ʊ飬ʵϣٸֶΧȵߣҲ˿Ʊ飬һǺA
ΪʲôЦأ
һûûεӣǵʢٵװȵʲô˵ģˣֵҡѾ׼һ·
԰СӸ׼ͷȵ۾һȥûû鶼Ѿһٸٸطû
˭˵ûװȵһֱչֵҵϣֵҸһά˹ũСϢ
һӣѹ˵ﰲάСĺܿģҪסάıԺȥ𣿺ðɣ˵ֱЩȵڣϴŵȥάıԺݵʢ磡ﰲҪ˵άСİš
ȵϻЩãȻ
ף𣿡Ŷͷ˵ĸֱףţֺﰲﰲǰ˵ϻģֻάˣ͸ϽͶάάﰲȻάСһģﰲҲģʵ۱¸ģǡҲ
޵ϣŶװСϵϣԺٸл㣡
ȵϳɱǣ͸ȥͶάȥάıԺݵʢ磡
ˣسάԺӡ

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һ棬άﰲͽԼԺӣŤͷ˵Ѿͷڼ֮󣬻ûùǮɣ׼ǧңҪݺݽ
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068 ƽ2
˺Ȼѻȸˡ
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Ѿһˣûδʲôӣ
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ָؿڣвһ˿ֻ·һӴ˶ɽ֣ڻǵĿУڶڴ½ץס٣նġ̶ֿܾ˵Ķҵġ顯ͬ
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װǶİɣû֮ǧ½ǿͼڣװ
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˵ţĿⶢסһֱԹ۵Ĺ˹ͨ˹ͨ˶Ѿ˾أ֧˵ĲҪһ䣬ҪһĽǣ֧ӵ߳ˡ˹ͨңѡǣ
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ѪΪ֤ҹ˹ֻͨСʿ
˵ţ˹ͨԣĿɨطƺڵȴʲô
ۣۣۡ
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һУЦˣ쳤³һСһǣؼ߰ɣҸطȥһ֧÷½ŷɥľӣһ֧ûƽԺġʿţ
һ̣û֪ζʲôĴ½ʷУܶ󣬹Ѫʫ˻˵һ飺½ֲţҲĹʿţһСɽ棬ʱˣǸӵлƽļһȻںԾأ֪ܵأ˵ءðһɱӣ
Ȼպʫ˻˵ڵĽûһëǮĹϵ
ʱԼģػҪģأ˼ҵģصģӲŻһ·̶̼֮ڣѾѴĴ·
Ȼˣģأģء
ȵȥͶάһƫƧСӣѵ޵ϵū˽ڵֺͺɫĽ
ף
֮󣬽ϾҪһʤƴ̫ۣ֮ġһǿߣ


 


069 Բ֮ҹ1
̫ں䶯
˷ܵĽĺ˹Ĵÿһ̫ǾйԼ
ҪһĵƷô
ͼ̨Ǵ½ܵĵĵƷ
̫ǣvsڣǵƷеƷ
ʮӣ½һ˼٣
ʮһ֣һĹϴٳĹ㳡Ӫط
ͬһʱ䣬ﰲǰչľ½һ쵶ĵλѾٴβ
ʮʮ֣ȵϱݵʢ磬ٿ쵶ͷ
һжѾǹȥʱˣڣ˷ģ̫֮۵ľʮ̫Уǿģ̫֮֮
ףףף
ͼھ棬ǧȵķ˿ռ֣һ׵ʳ˻ͼǵУ߾׵Ļǵͷšױʤĺ
ڣڣڣ
Ϻѷɫϸʤһ٣ڵ֧ռ֣
ǵģڽһµʱ䣬ԶԶףǣͼڣѪȣܼԺɶɼصͼڣ
һȭֺɱϲĳ棬Ǵүǵ˶
ֽ֧ڣүǣ
ǽڵ֧Ǵĺ
ϾŵӣȺѾ˶㣬һ˿ʼԷͶʮ˰ȭͷİשأǰĴѾһש뼦ɵĿսֳһƬҵУάĳʿҲæĽͷö˶ҧ˸
ǣһʿָһʿ󺰣Ѿĸ֧ףשαүǶ
ף
ϱåⱲӡðɣǾͼäɣ
ϰյŶͷʱѾվ˾Ĵšĺ桭һ깡
ά˶ΧﰲתԽľѵ徲
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ڸ£ľҪȫվ찡ҲˣҪǲڽ
һԱüڰѡ񡮿ʽ
бȻش𣿵һ㣬ֵң

ڶȫվھԼдĺ˰ɣʶְɣ
ʶ֣ʶ֡
㻹ңǲҪȫվĴԼĶͷ֪˵˵ɶԣԡף
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ͺĩս٣һжգ
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ʻսף
ԱʱǰһС˻Ƶһ۸ոĽϣЦ˵׸׼ȫԸˣŵ̫УΨһͼڱסصͼڱʻս׶ˣ
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ж˼ȻǴ͸ϵģ׸µʻսףڷ½Űʮλ̫ǡһ
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ͼڱôҪĶȻûи߹ң
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첽ףһ߽һ̨

һ̨̨רΪ̫еʮǿ׼
ڣ򳡴Сһ̨ѾɫᣲΧڲʾ˹սҲʾϺ֮Уֻһܻ߳
ŽϺ볡Ա˺ڲΨһһڣȻھ֮ǰôһ̨ߣɱףδֳʤ֮ǰߣɱ

ٸֳǿľһ̨ΧϵĹ˸ɫĹâ綾Ĺâ
ھ棬װھʼ֮ǰʮ⡭ţûʮ⣡
սʼûһԾľȵȺŵĹԱȣһЦӣһ⣺䣿
ױ۾
ðɣڶ⣬Ļ״
׷˳ƵЦûлش𣬶ʱѾߵࡣ
ǵɡ֪𣬰԰
ʱѾƵױͻȻԾ׸ߣ
ţϵתͬһȫԸͷ˫Ӱ׵ĺף
ģ·֮ɭһУӰ
û֮ǰѾʼˣֵҾ͵Ϯĺף
Ӱһдӱ͵Ϯף£һ󣬻Ťͷ㿪һȻ
Խ̨֮ǰѾץһʯңֻŤͷʱֱʯңԵӣ
ǡ
׵ӭʽ˽ϵԤϣû뵽Ȼ


070 Բ֮ҹ2
һʼ׵ȷŤͷˣҲ˳ƱܿĽϣ
ɾڽʯҵʱ׵ͷȻڼŤ
ʮȣ
ʮȣ
һٰʮȣ
ͷȻŤ˶ʮȣܿʯҷּۣȲ˼ǶȣԽϣ
ǹӥӣ
ֻǺӥֶһٰʮϵŤͷ
㽶ײǵģôͼڵƶǹˣ
ð˲ƣͼ̨֮ϣֻת˲һ֮䣡
ڽϾȵʱײŤͷ͵ؿڣ³һŻζ
һܾ޴ĽŴӰ׹Ľϡ
ά˶һС
ðɣðɣֻƴˣ
˼̫ˣڰգɱУԼҪʳڣۿҪ׹棬ϱ޿ɱܣӻתĹԣӲط˸ͷ˽
ڷͬʱϵ˫Ҳתģź˵Ĵ糵һ˲䣬Ͱתߵ˼ޣ·Ƿ糵һҽ
ۣۣۣ
ܽײһ𣬼Ķײһ̨Ťļײ

ԣԣ
һ̨棬һٽĹ۲Աȵ˶䡣
ôˣܼںĹأ
ƨ񫣡һ۲ԱüֻӲӲľŻôǿҵļʲôʳ˻ͼڣ׵ľһǹĪ⣬Ϣ̳Իˣôܴ
⡭ǽռϷ磬ս˰ɣ
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۲Աҡͷʱȥһ£ⳡЩԾɽϣѾɵʱ䶼ûˡ
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ײ֮˵Ӱһп磬ϸûʱȥ˼ˣûʱȥЩʲôһһʽȫƾ豾ӭսѾԼ˼άˡ
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ԭ֮½ÿµ³ĩͬʱµʱ̡
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ڽˣ
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ͷ˵Ϥ
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ģȻɽĶӣά˶࣡

ά˶ǰһߣ
ѩһսҵ׹µά˶ࡣ
ʱά˶Ҫɽɱ˽ڱѩޡ
װά˶ϵܣ㻹ȥԸ𣿡
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ӽӣǣҲŹά˶ŭ˵ȥˣ
Ҳ֪Ҿ֪Ϊ̫ΨһѣҲģ
·һøѣĳ˵ά˶ϵܣҽ㻹ڰɣڵĽڣѾܶԸˡҪ˵ɱ˽ѩܣ޷취ɱ͹һ룬Ѿˣڵ۹߹ٵı°ɱڣ¸ɽ۹ı𣿡
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ﰲǰϦٴҵά˶࣬һΣȫʻսףҼͽһˣά˶࣬ҵѣȱƣΪ׳Σ
ʮ¶ǣ׺ȵָԼʻսףЦƵ˵ûУҵʻսף½ϵھŰʮλıʻս׵ĺôءһҪ˴ȥ鷸ƣðʲô¡ҾҲϴ
ʻսף
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δ𣬵δ
УѪʣά˶Ťͷ۽ϣôĲʣôš
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϶ݺݵ³һĭȻζά˶ʬ壬ݵά˶࣬ԣðɣðɣˡֵҲ뱻ʮ׷ɱֻܳˣֵûҪ֣͹ֽʻս׵Ǹ˵


071 ʧ
һ̣ϱһ硣
ףһӵ𣿡
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ģսϵȴûţǵά˶ʻսףߣһ
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Ľʵʣ

ʿά˶ʺֻ
طǶѪ֮ڣһƿȪӿѪʱ
ϰЩѪʻսɵİС
ò˵ʻս׵ܷԷǳãװά˶ļʮѪȻûһй¶
ף񶾣㣬Ȼҧң
һģսһ澲ά˶ѪҺŸɡ
࣬࣬࡭
С˿ڵѪڸɺˣ
ʱϵĽʵٴγ֣һΣʺʼһ·̶̼ӵʱ䣬Ͱά˶ʳ˼ʮɢ٣
࣬Ѫܣ⣬ͷÿһ٣϶һۣȻ˦ӽװѪʻ
һԵһٶʮά˶֮ظͻٽϣǸʮĴͷ
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ϵĽѹɢά˶౻ѹʻ棬УȥһһЩ
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ȻͦأϣɤӴһףӣɵų򣬴Ӯңô
˵ţԭתȦ˫Ȳȳˡˡľ죬ͺھ̨ϣһ׷һӡ
㽶ףΪʻս׶Ҫôããҿӵʲôطȥ
ϵĲ̤ʮש촷ۣץЩĩһԵ˰գ
ףߣ
Ͻŷĩά˶࣬Խ̨Χĺɫᣲ

ϵһͨݣĹ۲Ա
̨Ͼһ棺ںսݱȻ֮䣬׷һǺĽ
ˣɤӶɳ˰ɣ
һҽй̨ϳ˼ӣͻȻս𣬶һΡռϷ磬ĴӴܣ
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ףѾӳ
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㿴𣿹۲Աһͬ飬˶һãȻӡ
쵰Ǽ˶ûп׵·𣡣ˣһԱͣ쵰쵰̨ǾȻӵˣգգգգ飬飡
ϢŭϢŭ
ĹԱˣãȻ֪롣

ۿյһ̨ģ־Ȼˣ
ˣȻҰ򣡣
ԱҲˣǣȫѲףģ̨ܣ׾һų򣬾һ޳ܵų򣡸Ѳų򣡡
ȫѲ͹ԣԣ
ϻϽָͣͣŹԱıӴƻͼ̨Ĺأͼڴٽᣬȫ½ͼʦǵǵϣף
׵ȷǣȡѲ׸ɱۣסֿоûڣ
Աڽϵŭ¸ȻŽϣ£顭
ˣˣǶˣ顭ҾͲٸǼƽˡ
һɸֵӣŭص۹ԱȻ˻еʻսףŵⶫϺģ
Ա˿ʻս𣿸£ѾսƷˣ㴦ã
ģھʹҲ𣿡
Ȼԣ
ðɣǾˡƴ˼УЩأ
ά˶࣬ö֮뿪˾

ҹսˣʧ٣ڴȫʤɻʻսף
ٸĹԱΪ֤
պ˹Ҫ׷ӵ䣬ϾͿϵؽˣʲôҵĶ־Ȼά˶࣡ðɣðɣ˸֤ά˶ս֮ˣҲûмά˶ˣסҲֵûһëǮĹϵŶ
ϾƲˡɱά˶࡯
ҡƲ͹ô
үǶʻս׽ڸά˶࣬ò˼ӣһ鿴ģ
ֻҪ׸ҳھ
ϵ۱ӣЩѾ׺֮ǵĹԱһһϷģ
ȻߺһӣԱھĴ𣬡ӼϣǣѾʻսףˣ̳ȫǲɱף
Ȥǣͬһʱ䣬ף׾Ȼ˾ǰ


072 ڣö
ںܿġ
ѾĳˣװֻſñģƵĳץסһԱʹʣʼ𣿸ģά˶ң͵ҵʻսףðμӾ
׺䶥Աŵ˵ˡ
ð˵׸£ôά˶ѾˣѾɱά˶డ
ʲôĿɿڴ캿޵ά˶࣡ҵֵܣΪʲôҪ͵ҵʻսװɽΨһ̳ˣˣ㸸׽һתֽʣҪ˹дţҪࡪģɱҵĺֵܣά˶࣡
һ˹ͻ̫ǣѽڣάά˹ũɱһɶ
Լ
Ϊ׵ģΪױ˹ʻսףҲһܺߡ
֮ά˹ũԼûκΡһƻô
ԽԽ쿪ģʱѾÿ˾ĺţһԱ̽ͷ
Ѿʼ𣿸ġ
еϷ룬װһӣҪȥ
ɻûѵһ仰˵꣬Աɫһ䣬һϵСãţȻǶʻսףӣŭףų־Ȼһ
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ΨһԼͷ˱ˣάһЦǿվҲǽģѣָָһѾɵĳȵϣ˵ѣ޹أߣ
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һ˹ɫ䣬ݺݵһףףﰲȻΪβ˵
Ҫ˵ˣ㻹ΧάıԺ׵һЦش󣬴󲻹һ֣ɱά˶࣬Ҫ쾭飡ﰲҲܲɣ
ﰲʵҲܲ˼ҵɥ֮ʹ˹ͷͻȻﰲС㣬˹һСԺԸ⵱ǸҲСҵѴŵɱά𣡡
ǿʵ
һ֣ŵ˹Ǹﰲ֮ǿʲôز
Ҫﰲ˵˹
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ڼǰά׿˵ﰲȥˣ
ά۾һתָŴ˵˹ţȥﰲС
ת߽Ժӡ
ź󣬼С㣬ﰲͲѽ
ϻ֪ڣάÿӾͳȥһΣ˹˵ﰲ⿣Ҫ˹ţ
һ̾ϢӰɣԸϵﰲ

άڵﰲ
ʱﰲ
̫ǵг
ΧǣշгѾżмܹҲڸԼɥǿеʬ
棬ﰲüȺΧǣضɽˣǻȥά
ƽʨӵͷҪһȻǰϲƣﰲС㣬Ȥһ𣿡
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ǸﰲϹǿߣǮסﰲȥ·
վﰲǰ߲Զĵطλãǡﰲǰıؾ֮·ҲͻȻϮﰲλã
ǮҼСûȤ⣬ÿ
ƽʨӸоǮĵ⣬ë
һȤģһҵ
ǮЦ͸һĪζﰲȻ䣬ֻҪҵҾͿԲɱ㣬ҴðﰲİϷ


077 ﰲ
ﰲһ
ǮȻ磡
Ȼ΢΢ǷѾﰲģµ޷ĵزҵĵҲѾﰲ߳ɹ֪Ǯʶҵģ
ǮָһۼﰲһĪ⣬ûﰲһǧ׵۷ûǿߵ̬ԣԶ޷ģ³ﰲϣ
ôڶأ
ڶǮʼ磬ǡ֪ﰲһŮаš𣿰С㣡
ĬԼݣժԼߣһʮ߰꣬ڼŮŮӡ
лǮָˣ֪׵һʲô
Ǯɫ밲Сȥﰲռŵ۹ϣﰲСȥ̺㼸ա
ŵͷһתǮ룬ҼСǷӦ
˵Ǯ࣬ͼ񵥵ھλĿԪ˧ͼڶλǿ룬ﰲСһӦģ
ǮȻ˽ҼС㣬ôŸˣ
΢΢Ƿ߹Ǯߡ
һȣǮЦһһ⡭Ȼⲻٽ֮УԻشҲԲش𡭡ﰲʲôط
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ŤͷһЦ
Ǯһ㶣漴Ц
ʱǻƽʨû˵ǿ̸ǮıȣŭǮ࣬¸㣬ҼСڼһλˣȥļʽߣСԴ
ˣܱﰲΪѣǰһǿඣ
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ĶͷϾȻһ亹
΢΢üͷкƽʨӣĻ̫ˣ߰ɣھȥС㣡
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ǮվڴϣĬ߰˷ӣȻðһ˼ͷ
ǰȻԸɵһʥˡ
ΪʲôҲͼأͼڣٻλǿߵĺǡ
µһǿߵı͵ñһඣ

뿪̫ǣ˾ֱŬ˹ɽ
ûﰲŬ˹ɽ
ﰲĹˣǰԸɵʥ˵۷ǿߣҲɽ֮ڣ
񵭵ɫŬ˹ۣ֮ɫҽӰɫĻƽ¹ӳԵùĪ⣬ƮϢ
ƶɫ֮УһϮ趯һͷںڵĳӯƮɢ棬һʤѩӰ׿ҵɽ֮С
˵ò밲żٰﰲ޶£ɾǮ˵ǿɫ˫ԶУ͸һİ
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С㣬ûмݹѣʲôأ
ƽʨӺɽڵıأ濴һۡ
ϧʵ㣬ֻһź⡣
ﰲ촽һƷͼʿѡͼػ
΢΢һЦңȻλ˵ĺǣ

ﰲеͼڣȻǽϣ
еĺǣնɱʥ˵Ķǿߣ

ѡߺǵĹЩࡣ
׼ȷ˵̷裺һʮʬ֮ǻͻȻά˶ͷͼڣϤʬ嶪һԡ
ʬ嶼Ʒͼʿϻۡ
ڶóʣѡͼػȻҪѡΪϤມǣʬҲῪˡ
˵
ʣµມ֮УϸܣǺǿ󣬹ǼܽСǷЩʬ壬϶ŮԵʬ塣ŮԵʬ壬ͳͳԺ
ҲŮѵĵùݺݵ룺ԵŮǣǿңֵһϣ
#@
裬ǰľֻʣˡ
ѡģһʬ壡
׼ȷ˵һá
÷ǳر𣺽Ͻʹʬ壬һͷжϳǰĻǣò֪̫ԶˣʲôԭĹͷɢŵĽ⣬ʾͺƽһϸܡ˵ˣϾԱҲЩò׼ƣ˳ɣ񣬴԰ɣ
ΨһԿ϶ǣõһǳˣ
Ψһѡˡ
ðɣðɣǿˣ
εʼ磬Ϊѵأ߽ɫá˵նɱʥ˵ġ˫ǿߣ


078 ٻľǿߣ
ͬһʱ䣬Ŭ˹ۣ֮
ƽʨӴС㣬һͼڣѵĺǣʲôȥɱ
ﰲֶһ˫ǵǿɫ˫Ȼɡ
С֣
Ц˵ֻһССƷͼʿ֮װҲٻλ˵ĺǣ
Ϊʲô
ͼһ仰ǿߣ꣡˵ǣٻͼػеȼƵġŽ͵һǰͼһǿߣôҪٻλͼĺǣͱӵͼϵĵȼһ룬λǰǿᵽ˺ֵزҪٻĺǣһƷʿģ
ƽʨһ㶣Цǿ߲꣬Ҫĺǣһͼʿ񣡡

ɽжѨϻȻ֪ϵĽɫãȻһλնɱʥ˵˫ǿߡʲôǿߣꡯ֪
ʵϣٻػŵȼƣʶѾڸˡ
ǣݱװİɯĸٵˣ
ǣ߼ֻܵҵ޵ϡ
Ȼ޾أ϶˽ɫõֱߡ
һ룬ٻǡ
ؼ˵ָõüģȫָָϡ
Ȼٻ
֮֮ڴˣְɣҵػ
ٿأֻһԼüγɣţ⺮ɢָ⣬⣬õüģ
ٻ䣡
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˷ܵսȭͷ
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Լ͸ļ⣬ٴе֮֮ڴˣ
֮ǰһÿüٴγһȻɢָ⣬õüġ
ƵǣûûзӦ
üͷԵģͺⶼѾ֤ˣֵҾûΪʲô
֮֮ڴˣ
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ףĳˣ
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ˣֵȫؼϵҪȥģôûнأ
ȻϿ˵ڸľ׮ӡ
Сһ㿴λʱӦٻͼػɣ
ľ׮ȻһλǲԹң˵ѾѺöѹһˣдҵȷ˼ߵȼϸߵʬ壬ǡǿ߲꣬ҵĵȼٻǿǼߺǣԣҰǼǿĺǣ˶Ѩ桭ֵһʱ䣬һԴ⼸ǿĺǣϣ㲻ҪŲ⼸ǿǡˣҵĻ˵ˣѡһʺȼǿߺǣٻɣ
סһλĴͷ
ǿ߲꣡
ԭԼٻʧܣΪȼ㣬ѡһ߳ԽԼȼ̫ĺǡ
ͻȻ֮䣬է֣
ԭ֮½Уǿߣ꣬ٻ˼ȼƣǲɴƵĽɡ
һλѧרУǿߡĲô
סõͷǣһһµӲȴ˵ǿ߲꣡ðɣǿߣĵȼߣûа취ٻ
ǣҰֽ206ͷȻٷֱٻÿһͷأٻÿһͷѶȣǲǾ½ԭġ206֮һ߸ף
˵ţϰͷϵ˫һŤ
ǰɣҲжิӵĶôһŤɫõͷǹǡͱ
Ȼָͷǹǣ֮֮ڴˣ
δ䣬жȻյһΪϵˣӢµʿԸУҵˣɣ
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÷ֽ֮ٻѶȹȻٱķȵݼ
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ΪϵˣӢµʿ
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⣬ûף
һΣٻͷǹǺ߹ǣ˵ܹͷֳɶٿ飬ͬһͼػһ֣
Ҳ˵
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С㣬˵ʲô
˳ﰲĿ⣬ŲؿۻɽڣϧǻƽʨһʵҲԴ͸⣬彭ϵľٶ
ӣӡ
ﰲ
ƽʨӼС㣬㾿ʲôѽ
ĬΡ
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ӣͼֻ˰ӣͲǹ˵ͷǹǣӣܵͷǹǣ
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źͻƽʨһͬƽʨӸǵС㣬áعҿˣ
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ˮ֮УѾʼٻͷƮƮزһؼ׵֮֮ڴˣ
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ƽʨŤͷõιҸ˵أ
ҲҶģ
ŵɫһ񵭣ȴЩɬΪ֪Ӯ㣬һ֪ӣһͷǹǣǴ˵ʵĸ죬ϼʮ
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ǵģС㣬˲ʮ֮ڣöʮߵֽһͷڸ߸֣ǡȣȣȣ
ȣȣȡ
ﰲ׽߸֡
ʱƽʨӻȻģЩˣС㣬˵ĵڲѵĺǰȥɱ

ﰲʳָһҡȣȣȣ仰ҳȫͼڣ¼ǿһߺǡ͸ˣ
ս⣬ţ˻Ҫһʱٻϣȥ׼ٻ֮ʱҪԾ
˵ţﰲ˫ְԼϡ
ѵ
ﰲµġʳ
ʳ𵶣˭ǵ𣡣


079 һػ˵
ﰲע£һһٻŹͷ
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˾Ϣ˾ͳԻƽϿʼٻ֮á
̫ǣѾչһ൱ĵز

ѾȥĸСʱˣ
վߣüﰲȻûг֣ҿﰲͲԺάթǣ
γ֪άʹթǣﰲֻ֮һĻ棬ͲΣ
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һγǻ˵꣬üͷҲݷᣬ˳
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Ŭ˹ɽǰˣŬ˹ɽѾӮ˻άûй
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Цˣ
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ѽסŬ˹ɽάıأѵָһֻϵĴСƾôһĹͣ˼Ҹҫɽս𣿡
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ﰲ
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Ȼ֣׵ҫǣάдڼ壬У󡭡ս

ϧһսҲҪסάҲϷĻᣬ̫ǽͷ˫һͻݱһѪȵս
ͨڰģ˭һӢۣսҰɣ
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һٻ206ͷѾϤΪ˽ϵͼػ
ʱ206ͷŽϷת۲ܻţУſ˫ۣ趯˼ǿߵķɣ
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ż
ָָŹǣװĽŹǣſڵϺ𣿡
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ЦˣٻͷǹǣװͷǹԺͷˡǣҵЭйͷ˶𣿡
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˵ԭǷǳϸģʱۿԲĹģȻмֿɰ
ģ˵ߣȻҸôһĵ֣쵰
ˣ
ٻãı𣡣
ؼûᵽһ㰡
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ϰοԼ䣬ȻָָĶڣģҵһ˵ӣˣѾͼػˣһȻҳȥô
˵ţת˵µСϻӡ
ϻﻹнūӡĶء
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080 ﰲ֮ģﰲ֮ǿ
үǶң
ţȵˡͼػȻṥˣ
˵ĴۿԲˣ˸ſЦõĽ⣬ƺ˵үǶȻүǶ
ȻǰɺߡŤͷȥСƨɳŽŤŤҾʹˣбҧѽ
Ҳͼػ

ػ֪ʶؼɯٵˣڶθؼзǳļ򵥣˵Ŀǰͼ֪ʶֻͣڡǳˮƽϡεԻ֣ͳͳ
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ףװСүǶ㲻ҵҪһͼػıְɣ
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Ȼץס˵Ĳӣͷţ˸˸ϡﻩˡءеʱ˫ʩչ206ͷһ顣
ȱˣַֻתŤ߹Ǻߣ󣬻һͷңңλεزƨϡ
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΢΢üС㣬ҵĵ㲻Ѿô
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һ񵭵ЦţԵɣϸ˵ֻҼС˴ʦԣԴʦĵȤϣʦд赶
Ĭ˰ΣҿԾܾô
Цֻд赶գַʦȻԾֻܾǡҼСд赶½֮ԸʦĻܾô
ľܾ
תߣ
ʲôЦڿά˶ʬ壬˼ұȽϵ
վס
ƽʨס˽ϵȥ·СӣҼСս㣬Ѿӣ㲻ҪҪ
ףأ
ϵС챾ɫˣƲ˵ﰲµһ쵶µһµһŮƤ˼вңҽսֵͿ϶ɣвҰɣҰɣ
˵ţ۾һգ°ͣһֻҪ㲻±ҸҪֵҲͲҪˡӡ
㣬㣡ƽʨӱ˵治˼۸һС
Ͽתߡ
ɾʱ
ʦðĦһ䣬ϽҼСսĪǵϵʬ壡
϶Ȼͣ˽ŲŤͷһһ񵭵Цš
Ȼ֪Լʬ壡
ҲһԼٻ˵ọ̈̄
ģͼڵعˣ
ϵĺëˣ
ȻͷЦһ̧ͷʱڵϣ˫ֺǰݵðɣȻѾҴҵݣɣȺŹǵ
ʦγԣЦҵʦϵʬ壬ֻôʦģʦΪʬϽҼСսǾʹɲˣҼС㡭ӲΪͼڣ
ﰲ
Ȼءɱ
Ͼȵؿﰲֻһ˫˫͸һɳȻ̬һĮӲİ˼
һСӣƶˡèèϷһ˿ȥСĹ
ͬĵ½ƶˡɱһǧףӵе߸½ʷ֮ﰲҪءɱ
һ˲䣬ﰲ̬
ﰲɱһȺСӵϷ
ﰲǿʲôزȻѴ½ϼٸҷ
ʱٴʵʦȻͨѾҼС̬ҼСֻĵݣҪ˶٣ڣʦԽҼСսô
ϱ۾˼Ƭ̣Ȼ°͵Ȼشһ⡭
һָ˵ﰲģ˵ĸ˵ĵ죬͡ðɣսʤﰲı޸𣿡
ˣ
ƽʨŭСǺεˣðҼС㣬ҽ졭

ﰲͻȻһȣȻǰɫ˫´˽һۣȻһŵǧﰲضԣ
⻰ҡҡͷ뿪˵°仰
ʱ˶Ϊϵ°仰һǣȻﰲС϶ԣҾʹӦˣǧǵãˡһҪ޸Ŷ
԰ЦȻʦѾӦ˾Ҳһʱо仰˵ǰ棬ôʦպǡ̾˿뿪̫֮ǰ˹ͻȻ٣˿̣άά˹ũˡ
˹ˣ
϶Ȼһߵ°仰Ҳ͵˻ȥ
٣ĸڵϦάڵϦڵϦά˹ũ˶Σˣ
Ͻȥ
ǡ
Լо
űһĹȻԼԭ˵°仰Цðɣҽսд赶ĵصǡ̫ǣ


081 1
ص㶨̫ǣȻﰲȥӪά˹ũ
һ˲˽ϵ˼ЦԶ̫ǣҼСر𣬲˹۹񣡡
֮⣺ֻȽϵģ׼ۏˮҪˣԼ취ﰲ֣
΢΢ü̵˵Ȼһ̫ǣһԵҴȻд赶ܿ԰ɣ
ԥһ£ﰲ
ﰲȻһЦԣ
ҲЦˣȻǻƽʨӱϵʨë
ʲô
ƽʨһ㶡
Ŷҿ
˵ţϰʻս׹˻ƽʨӵĲϣ£˻ƽʨӵıϡ
ٶ˶ʦǡ
һ⣡һָҵĵȼǣ
ƷͼʿڼҪʦʵսеı֣
˵ڶָڶ⣬̫ǶԶ
ûϸ㣬١Ҳɽ·
㻹ʲô
˻ƽʨӵĺ󱳣ƵʨӵҪϻ̫ǾҵٶȲУʨӣѵֻѾ·𣿣

ﰲЦҡҡͷϽڣ̫ǣ
ĸ뿪Ŭ˹ɽ
ƽʨӵٶȹȻǿһСʱ̫֮ǳڽǰ
ţͻڵˣͻڽǣ
ϻûнǣһĴ󺰡
Ŀȥһǧ˵Ļɫսʿһ·ϼолǣСɽƵͻڡ
˳ʿǰķֻ̫Žգʿڳǽܶżʿ󺰣ȥ֧Ԯģһȣϲ޼УȥԮĵִϲ޼УǵĶֿǰ
Ͽ棬ֻĺɱǺ

ڽϸһʱ䣬̫ǵľѾչ˲ɿƵĵز
άɹֺﰲܼҲϧһսҲҪҫȺǳѪս
ƽĶۣҫȻǿɱȺѴ֮ǱϾֻˣǵĶ֡Ʒżͼʦ˹
ԭ֮½һǿߣȫŤתһСģսʤ
˹Գ̶̶֣ʮ֮ڣնɱʮҫ
ⳡ棬ܼҺۣŭѽ˹ɱҵֱأѽѽͻȻǻ̫ǣ̫ǵĳ˼ǵ۹ҵĴܹܣ˳˫С˼Ԯûѽ
Ӻ̫ǵĳǧӳˣ
һ棬˹ǰڶ࣬Цףɺлжٱ
ǧҷڿԵһҵʵˣǧ
ȫйǲս
ѽˣ˼Ҳо
ܼҲʾץס̫ǵĳʣлûб
УΪǧ
㻹ʲôѽ
棬һЦףˣпɻı
̫ǵӶܲϵƣٵǧӶ
ãս
˫ֲ̫е۹
У۹ʮţפ̫ɽ
ΪѵǹܼҴˣûе۹ĵҶܵ
ûУ۹߷Ժоô
˳˹ղսУ˲ӳҽݣøϹԮ
˸߾һƵԵ۹߷Ժ壬У˹ݱϴ̫ǣͬѹ췴յ۹ɣ̫ǳȨκһ֧۹ƽѣ
ϲǣȥʮԮǰͻҲԸ˹
ǣ˽ϿģЯ;ûǵĳ棡
ڻڵʱ˹ɫѾȵѿˣ
ҫױ£
̫ӣ£
۹Ҳ
ܲˡͬѹ췴
һ˹۹ĸְɣ׵ľǧͼڵһңܴ˵үӣ
ߴ֮ĦҵļҶǸֻһж
о˹ھʥеعʦ׵£ǿߣԼʱԵľǧ֡
һȷѹ˹ҪЩ˵׷ɱ
x
̫ˣ
˹ĿɭȻѾһ㶯ҡ˼ڳˣίе۶ѡ߶һѹ
˹˼ʱ򣬡˹
Ȼսдһŭ
ͷߣɫ£վ˵һˮ棡
һڳ֣˹۾̾ͱѪɫڣҶ
δ˵꣬˹Ȼˡ
Ϊˣڽһٶ׵ĵطһˮ棬ﰲţƽʨӣĬĬŽڣ
ںﰲһģʲôϵﰲ᲻Ϊ˽ڶҳ֣
һ˲䣬˹˺ܶͷ
ǽϲԥʱ䣬˹ʲ壬ǷǺڰ׵ǣסô
ʲ壡

ǷǺڰף
˶סˣ򣬿˶˹ʵʮû˸ʹ˹
ҲƬ̣ȻȻڣ㡭
ʲô㣡ʲôľ㣬ɽ˹
ңָ˹ıӣһᣬ˹Լﰲ
Ȼﰲڴˣ˹㰤
˹㻹סôϴ̫ǣ˹۹ǽɵĵطνɷɺ͹þ
ܼۿҫʧأ֣΢ЦѽСһ˵еأˣˣ˹һշ¸ô
һ棬ȺҲͣ
ﰲԽϵҪɣãҸ㽲ڣɱ
죡ҲӦȿڣֵõⲻʲ壬ǷǺڰ׵ȿڣ뽲ʲô
㣡㣡Ȼң
ɱˣɾǲڶ죬һʱҲ˵̫Ļ
ûˣѵ㲻ô
ϿѾȶ˿ˮϣˣȻҶԸȥˣǾһͷɡάС㣬ȸң˫Ϊʲôս
㻹֪˫Ϊʲôսô
άؿ۽ϣŬ˹ɽѾϹһˣά֪ϵԵߵڰף㺬֪ȥһ磬˹ʹɱڿ˵Ҫұ𡭡
άľ˵꣬ϵĿɻ󣬡˹£ά˵𡭡ãάû˵ҾͲòһˣȺΧǣǺε
ǺεڣɱҶά˶࡭
ɱά˶࣡
˹˵꣬һУ֮ԩ֮Щ·ѩ


082 2
˭˵ɱά˶ࣿʱ䣬ص㡭㽶һȺԣʲôɱά˶డʲôɱά˶డ
ڣ㻹ô׵ά˶ң͵ҵʻսȥҾһ̨ɱ
ȵȣҾĲ㣿ף˵Ǽһе·ء
Ϻһ֪ά˶ӣȭͷߵǣά˶սˣɱ˹ףҪݺңҲó֤
Ҫ֤ݣߣ˹Цһ̨ᵽҶѪζ仯֤ݣ
Ҳ֤ݣ
ˣָ˹£ⶫһ֮ʣ㲻֤ݣ˵ᵽά˶Ѫ仯Ϳϴ̫ǣɱά˹ũ죬ǲǾͿ˵ڵ۹ʹᵽ˹ζ˹ıɱʵ۱£Ȼɱɽʮ壿ƾԩҡߣҸ˹Ļ˵ͨô
Ȼ˵ͨ
˽ӹ˹£Ϊ֤ݣ۹ɾô涨ģ
ϳ˵ͷ⣬˹Ļ˵ͨһҵĻ֪ǣά˶սĿǰˣʬ֤˸£շɣ˵ʲô
շɣֻ˵ά˶ȻѾˣûйϵ
ǵ۹ɷ߹ٵĽۣû˻仰Ȩ԰ɣ
΢Ц⣬˻ɣҲԸʣԡ۹䡷֤û˵
лֱ˸£
֣ˣͷɶѾˡûκɱά˶࣡ʲô˵ô
㣬㣡
һǡ˭˳ۣɱ֮챻ȸϽŻȻ֣ԼƤʵǲ˼ʮ֣էֵڣά˶֮û㵱أ㵱ɽʮ֮ˣұҽô
㲻Ҫ𣿺ãҾõȻظɵ㣡
ҪҾԣȵø㽲
ˮ˹ǰʮԶĵطָͷ˵㣬޷Ǿ仰ʲ壬ǷǺڰףô
ãҾҪһʱˣһݱϴ̫ʮƽ񣬺ļҼʹޣ˴Т㣬ϡ塯ô
˹ҧأ
ڶļӵ˵۹ɣعѹάһŮ̫ǣ㣬֪ʲôô
˹ɫˣ
ֻƾһһ֮ʣɱά˶࣬꼰ƽս̫Ƕð㣬áǷǺڰסô
˹ɫͻȻ죡
㻹ʲô˵ģϷŭʲ壬ǷǺڰ׵ǣô
ۣ
˹һѪ
ɽʮ֮Ʒżͼʦ˹Ѫˣ
ͣ
˵ɫʵ˼㣡

£
սǼæ˹˹һƿǡ
ĨȥǵѪգ˹Ŀˡ
ɱҶά˶࣬ӹɣڣѪծѪ
ǽľ棺ӮҲ˼ҡʲô취ΪҶά˶౨ѩް
Сֶһ㲻֪˵񣿡
״˹Σ䣬ǲһӮܼҵţҲ˵ڵһ͡ȻˣҪɱڣβ󣡣
󣿡
ǰ󣡡׵ڲǽ𣿺ãȥ۹߷Ժ״ɱά˶࣬۹շɣһо
˹΢΢üӮȥ״⡭Щ˰ɣ
׵Ҫ¶ˣ״ôһղıѹȥ߷Ժ״˵Ե۹Ĺûѱ˼ֻҪ״ֽһʵ۱¾;Բšɽıҥԣ
˹һ
ڶһɽ״ڣϢض𶯳Ұȫ½ĹעʱҺﰲᰭ۵ѹĿŵضʩѹһûѹֻڵ۹ȦСһµ۹Ժһ̣ɱά˶౨ô
ףͷԣ̫Сطίˣ
˹Ц
ȻתŽϣߵڣ˹ǲˣȻҪǺãǾͰѵף۹߷Ժ
˵תߣ
߷Ժ
ף
үǶҪȥ״ô
άȵϵҲǾĪӡ
ֻЦ˳Ҫȥ۹Ժ״ڣҵСֵܣ㾡ܽУٲãҲǵ۹ԺǰʮŹԱ
Զȥ˹ˣֿ˿ˡ
Ȼã۾ү˹ѶԸ
˹Ǵ˾⣬ϱӻڰʱʮܽʮЩǹУͲϷԺ׼
ˡ
Ͻ죬Ѿ˵ƴԼˣ
һʡ߹٣ΪԼôƴ

ڽ϶µʱ򣬸ֲ鷢ˣһǾֵܣҪ֮顯ӣеץס˽ϵ˫֡
װСֵܣͶԵŬ˹ɽһʣҲûкúõس̸һΣ£ȥ
ף
е¶ֵзǳҪ飡άұ뿪ҪңũǰдžС
ıӻ죡
һҪץסϣۣϾȻֱﰲȥģ
ﰲҪҽڣȻ˵ʧ̾˿
ƽǸܣֻٵȻˡ
άЦļȹ죬ݺݵ룬սԻرܣּսԻرܣ
Ȼάȵط֣ܼҾȻеشյߣ̬ȺͰѽװСԽôʲôͼѽ
¹ؼܣûҸ׵常ͲҪˣ
常
ܼҾȻ˵常
ǵĹϵ̫Ǣ
άûԵϢлָѾˣάѽдڼأʰ˼ȥ۶ʵ۱°ɣ
ֺﰲµõסʹ֮ͣе飬άͷ
ǼܼҽֵֹҪأũʣǧūɣѽЩˣҪ˼ȥ۶أ
ȫȥܼңѵҪά˹ũǨȥ۶𣿡
ѽ˼û˵𣿡ָȻѹ˼һû˵أΪǼ߻ܣ۶ˣ㣬һǧٸֲҲǨƵ۶ȥأ
άĿɿڴ

ͬһʱ䣬ں棺̫Ǵңɺ˾ȻģⲻǷ˵һ簡
Ȼһǰ׸£ɺ˽۶¼Ħܲɺũ̫ǵĻҵǨƵ۶֥ǣ
ɫһ䣬Ҵҵ뿪
ǧͼڵһңټ֣ߴ֮ĦҲټ֣
·˹ʱ򣬺Ȼ˹׼Ǩơ˹۹ңҲټ֣
Щζʲôʱ֪Ҳûȥ֪ˣ
̫֮󣬽ﰲ˳һƬС֣Ѿںʮĵϡ
VSʳ˭Ǵ½һ쵶𰸼


083 ֮֮
ʦĿ࣬ά˶ͱ˱ߵУȻ԰˹Ѫ
վŽϣЦһ񵭡
ǻƽʨ˿ĭɣ
ҡָɣǻֻۣ֪

ԤϣﰲȻͷͬϵ˵ָָϣڣԿʼд赶ô
˵ô
ﰲǰγĽȣﰲС˹ҲܻΪ飬ҲòС㡭ȫһս
ãȫһս
ﰲ۰š
Цڸ£޷ǼٶȣҼС㽫Ծһٶȣ
ûƽʨͷǰż˫ԽһͷٶȿʤͬʱΪ˹ƽ˫ƾʩչöͼ֮ô
˻࿴ŶԷЦҲûлش
Ȼ˫ԣô
ȡһöң𣬡֮ʱһԾʼ

ˣ
ˣ
ˣ
ڿлĻߣö
ȻȥǰյĽңﰲγѵеѡ
ֵ£ֵҫǣ֮Ϊʳ
ﰲ˵ţûаγĵѵѵΪǸʹ޹⣬Կɼԣ
ϲΪ׼ȷ˵Ѿȫע
ҵĵû֣ȣ𾴵һ͸ҵģǸ˵ĳƺһ֡
ǰɣ
ƿ˫ֵʳָָסϸĽʵ
ʱĺ仰̸ҵĽ̸֮Ϊ̸

һʯͷϣ
һ˲䣬ﰲˣ˫һͷһβȴʵĽ̸Ҳһλô
֡ɣ
Ҳˣѵͬʱʺг˾⣬Ҳ˻Ȼ̸ڸһϧҴûмҲ޷ʵ
ûгȴܴڽϵ
ô
ﰲЦˣ˵ΪĵǿߣΪǿߵԣֻǿ߲⣡
̸֮ǿĳ
ﰲ˵磬̾޲̸һսڣ԰Ľ̸ô
ܵģǡԸȥһ磡
һ磬ȻָϵĹ磬ﰲ仰ΪϵĽ̸Ѿˡһ̾ǿʣӢţڣڰ˳䡭
˵ţﰲ˫ЦһˣҵĵٶԶ㣡
źͻƽʨͳͳһ㶣
ż仰Ĺͷûнϣﰲˣ
Ҳ˽ʵЦ
۾ȵİţﰲЦڵľ磬ѾϣĽȥ֮ʱҪҿ룡
ǿ֮䲻ҪϻҪ˷ʱ䣡

һʤ
صصͷȻûƽʨ̧ܲڶȼɣ֪ܲڵõΪձ飬ڶλܲ񻨣ʤ
Ӳȡһɫƿӣƿм͸ڣʲô
λ񻨽֮ƿĶȻΪλʤڡʱʮӣʼ
ﰲ̾Ͷˣ
ǽˣ
ܲ
ף
Ȼܲ
ⲻΪֵô
óʣҲѧϰҶţʱϰһЩʶļɣûнʹֲﰡ
ܲ
㻹һԵĶײˣ
ܲ񻨵ȷǵеı޿ΣﰲҪֵֻ֣ܡƴһսˣ
ͻȻ
ϳһܲɵ˫֣ʵٵ
ˢˢˢ
ʮӣϾ͵̳һֻõ廨
ͨȻûе񻨵ľ飬˫ޱȣѸޱȣ񻨣ȻҲģ
ʮһ仨ʮӾʮ䡭
Ըٶսʤﰲɣ
ͷʮ̧֮ͷֻﰲһĵȻԼ
װﰲС㣬ҵƷѾˣأ
ﰲҡҡͷû˵
žеƿӣҲЩɥڣҼСƷҲѾˣʤ
˵ţŴƿǡ
ˣ
ƿȻɳʮֻС۷䣡
ѩصģС۷ηϺҪæɾһתͷʱ򡭡ǿﰲеĵ
ˣ
С۷ĵȥˣ
һʱʻӳȺۣɫˣ
ﰲС㣬Ʒأ
ϻûҵﰲƷ

̾˿Ⱥﰲеĵ˽ϡ
һƬϸᣬĵȻ̵ܲģ
Լ棬ƭȺۣﰲȻܰһ̵ֵܲز
½һ鴫
ڣⳡʤһЦЩӣʦóʶȴọ́ϻЩȱݵġ
˵һԣʤ룬ڵڣȵǡꡯﰲС˵

꣡
İý΢΢
ʱﰲѾڵڣƴ꣬ʮԳ棬ն¶Էһͷߣʤ
ʮԵ
ⲻʿľʽô
꾿ʲôȻҪõֱʽ
ҪѯʣﰲѾʮľ룬ţʱ
ǣС㣡ɫԾ壬ģ
ˣ˫ֳֵסﰲ
ﰲҲ˫ֳֵһ˫ȻɢһɭȻҵĹâ
һ
Űһ£ͬʱ˶Է
岽
Ĳ


˽Ӵһ˲䣬ﰲؾ򣬲ͼ֮ƾµһĻߣն˽ǰһͷ
ֻһǵصѹӭ˫ֳʮμסһ
ǽţ
ﰲֵҫǵҲ˽ǰ
㽶
ܹŮ˵ĶŮУ
зݣϾȻſڣҧסҫǵ
׳գ
ﰲһ̾ĵȻ֪ء
ĿУ
ﰲһŤͷѵ˽ϵ
˵һǵصѹڶǹĪϮһֽ޷
·ԹǣĵУϵĶͣˣϵĺֹͣˣ˼άҲã
һƬհף

ѹʱſڵϡﰲѾվԶ΢΢̾Ϣ
ϵһͷĽűߡ
ʱŵ˽ϣڣˣ
ﰲף
һͷ˵ˣǲԶͼڵǸղŵĵʲô񹥻ô
һﰲҡͷĬȻƽʨӸǳشЦ
ڣĺʲôأҼСûжͼڵҪͼڵ㻹ܴ򵽵ô
ƽʨӴЦˣˣԭͲʲôꡯ
Ҫ˵ȥˣ
Ų̼ĪЦڣղǵǡꡯ
ѶϷϣԣҲ⣡£ҵԼе⾳ǵ֮꣬꣡
ꡭ
СƢĵǿҲ⿵Ķʲôô
ڣ㲻ĵͼڣ
ﰲͻȻعͷЦʵ˽֪һǧף֪һĵǴӺζ
ϴ𲻳
ҾǡԵ䡯˽յĴ½һ쵶
ﰲ˫ĿҡҡͷڣȻˣ۴½ΨһпڵսʤҵˣԡҸ仰
һ仰ףסĵԿҵԼġꡯ
ڶ仰겢ãһҵԼĵ꣬Ե䣬㽫֣ͼ֮·յ㡭Ѿ£
˵ﰲĬ˰Σ
ȻĪľģȻ仰Ҹʱ䣬֮ڣҵԼĵ꣬ڵսʤңҵԱضұضһǧ׵ŸɵйĲƸ޸㣡

꣡
˵ʵ޷⵶ĺ壬ֻԼоһֳ֮ľǿ

ﰲ˵ʲô
֮Լ֮սʤͻϼ޸ң
ģ
ô
ǻҲŮѵĵùӲҪ
վͷЦЦ÷֮ڣһҪҵԼĵ꣬Ȼսʤ㣡
ҵ㣡

ϺȻһת˹ﰲС㣬ǵöµʱһа仰û˵ô
ʱ˵ﰲһŵǧˣͱضԣ޸ҡ
ʱǶΪ˵ȻﰲС϶ԣҾʹӦˡǵ뷨֪˵ʲô𣿡
ָԼͣ˵ǣﰲһսʤ㣬ǡûȤȢ㣡
ﰲһɽˣڱϵĻˣ
ϲûȥﰲķӦͷûûȤȢ㣬ȻǴ½һˣȻӵһǧ׵ȻӵиɵйĲƸǣĶûȤ
֪ΪʲôûȤ𣿡
ԳЦЦΪȻǸҲŮѵĵùҾԲһĵŮˡﰲҲ֪Ϊʲôµԣ֪һŮˣԼһж̸ϣˣôŮˡͲҵŮˣ
˵Щʱ򣬽һֱڵͷ
˵꣬תȥԾɵͷ
ıӰȴﰲ˻֣ﰲ֮һҵԼĵ꣬Ȼǰ̧ͷͦصظ㡭Ҷ㣬ûȤ

ˣˣ
ŭضŽϵıӰƽʨúһŴȻָŽȥķС㣬СӾȻŮˣȥɱ
Űס˻ƽʨӣȻεؿﰲС㣬Ҳò˵ڵЩ̫ˣ
ô
ﰲתȥ
С㣡ƽʨŭΪʲôҪ谡ȥɱ
ô
ﰲĲԾѡ
֮߳ʱﰲĽŲ˶٣ȻԵʱ򣬾ע˻ңңңЦңֻҪҵһҸˣкη
ü˼һ󣬡ţΨһпδսʤҵˣȥҪҵĵ꣬ȥ۹ѧԺ
Ӧ첽ȥ׷ϡ
ʱֻһƬѩǵĴɽƫƫû˽ϵټ
̾˿㬵ػصﰲߣС㣬ѾԶˣǲǶûع䣿
ˣ¶лԵûҵʾĻԵδ
ﰲĿǮĿԪ˧ռŵ۹ңʰװȥһǿߣ
ﰲţƽʨȥռŵ۹
ûлԵĽϡ
ף۹ѧԺֵȥǹطʲô
Сʱ֮󣬽Ͼ͵ǰһľӣյؾг
ǵģϵõһľӣϻһƼš
װСϵϣ֪άɿˣӵģڿ԰ͽ۹ѧԺˣţ۶Ȼȥ۹ѧԺɣ
ȵдģ


084 ֥ǣ֮
ﰲֱ֮󣬽ϵ鼫ȵѹ֣һ뵽ȻóĵһŮˣĳͷβм֮
𣡡
ϵƽУڤٶȷӵѩ˶ʮ·
ֱڵľڵϴ˴
ﰲ֮꣬һķڷ
ʰ飬ϻص̫ǡ
ɾ·ά˹ũʱȻ֣ũﾹȻһæµľϵũ£µū͹ҶæŰң
غʬ壬޵ϵ·ǰһʲ֪ԭ۶˴¼ܲά˹ũǰ۶ܲ֡
ҪǣϢʱ򣬼ܼѾάǰߵˣ
Ҫǣάٶŵūʹ֣ΪһǲӣоͰɯĸء
ĸȻѾˡ
׷ȥһũĹסȵϵƼţǸľ˽޵ϣЩˣ
²õص˽ϣҲ׷ϵ䣬֪ôҪСС˰ūӡȥ׷ɱˡŵţȥ۶֮ƾȥ۹ѧԺ
ǽף۹ѧԺȥǹطʲôְӹϣάСĴӦˣ
۹ѧԺڵ۶ȵ˵һźάһȥѧԺıǰ̣άСʹӦ޵ϣㆪʲô˶Ҫǰ۶ȥ׷άС㣬ǵŸһĶߣ
ֱ߻ʬ壬ŴǰҲȥά˵šȥάС㡯ʵȴһƫƧСӲ
ĸάȫݣҲСﰲס˼졣
ϣټһǸΪʲôνͼػȻȥ۶֥ǡ
һȥˣȴʼûг֣
죬ϷһǳȤ飺ά˹ũһʾڣʾ̸۶֥ǣѾˣ㲻ڳͥУǳأ
ðɣҲȥ֥ˡ
ţ˵죬ҲһŬ˹ɽһδ
ϵЩǿߵĺǱٵȥ˿
еʬ嶼ѾʧˣԭǸѨ棬һŵױţһСϻӡ
СһɽеʬѾˣҪһؾ֥ǵң
Ҳȥ֥ǣ
ôһʱ䣬˶Ҫȥ֥Ƶģ
ʼ磬ٴǸСϻӣֻʮšƤ
Сһ֥Ǹƣǿ꣬һۿݵͼҸһЩƤߣһЩױСмǣ֥֮һҪԽڵʹطƤߣй¶ݣ򡭡Ҳûб¾㣡
¡¡
ڽϹ۲ƤߵʱŬ˹ɽٴ
ϸæѨܵʮ֮⣬Ťͷһ
ټŬ˹ɽѾˣ
ǿߣʢƽɽȻȹشӵƽʧˣͺûдڹ
ϵĺëˣ
Ȼǲ棬־Ŵһ̵˵۶֥ǵķ

֥˹۹ǧ۶һǺǳɣ˿߰ʮǴ½Ĵ󶼻֮һ
ңڴ½ߴͼ֮УҵܲԻ֥ǻһӺյıơͼʥ
µİ棬ӰӰ´µؿ֥ǵӰӣȻ󡭡
Ҳ߲ˣ
£ϱʬ壬ߴ·ЩɽҰС·Ұ伢Ȫˮ˶Ȧ
ýǣˣƤˣһ·ϲϵظ鷳
ˣŷʱ䵽ˣ
ſһŴ£һöɹشʻ
ǰɺߣ˻ǹ͹̬һͶݺݵص۽ϣȻŤͷȥ
ҵ𣿺ðɣðɡţ˵ƨɡ
ˡǰɡһƨɣۿ˸ŷŭĽɫ棬ģ˵å㣬ȻСƨɣ
ϧĳ˶۷ףȫҲåԾүǶϾҪ֥ˣڸ鷳ɲУ㲻һ͹ǾʹڿʼҸɣҵͼػһжҵ˶٣ȻҲԲҵװСүǶŲҰѳɱνգ
νգ
˲ôʵĴʻ㣬ƨҲ֪ʲôöҧָĥ˰죬Ȼǰɺٺ١һЦ
ðɣӦҵ˸£
ţ
ϰϳõģˣˣҸĵһȥЩԵģԵģôҪɹ
ǰɣ
ժԼһ߹ǣಡ˳ȥʮףȻŤͷŽϺٺһЦ
ˣһأ˵߹Ƕˣ˱ȥ߹Ŷ
һתˣ
ϵɴ۾ˣȥҳԵģ
˶һȣǰɣæ߹أǰɰɣ
ϾԼͿҪˣƴ̵ľһָֻ֣ŭˣΥҵô

ǰɺߺߣ
˰۽ϣûаѡַϣȻ̵ߣýϵĶƤˣܶ
ϿͰ͵صͷ
ǣʵûʱȥҳԵŶ
˺ܻаͷһ֫ԣܷգһ취Զǰɵİ취Ŷ
ʲô취ϵ۾ˡ
˶һ߹ǣɱ
@#&
˵꣬תѰ߹ǣСƨɳŽһŤһŤģ˵㣬㣬ߡ
찡
ػӦ˵ĿܺôΪʲôΪʲô˻˵ġƤ
ʲ죡
֨֨
ʱԶ˴̶Ħ
ˣ
˵ķӦǳѸ٣һԱһûнСϪͨһ˽ȥգۼӵӰ١
Ŀɿڴ㽶Ȼӣ
Ҫƿڴ˵ģɫʮء
һӾˣһٶˣźصɫսף˫ֺͿڱǵ¶Ĳλ׺ͿֵƷʵʵ
ǻ߰ʮ󳵣϶ʬ壬ɽһǧߣ
ɫսף˹۹װЩ˺ǵ۶ľţҲǹ˹ͨǰĲ
ǴſֺʲôѵЩǵ۹ӵʽװ
һȣ֣ס
ʬ塭
ȻһϸһЩϵʬ壬ȻԤϣЩʬƤһɺɫеĻ˫Ŀͻе촽ϣЩ˵İӵˡ
Ҳһɵĸζ
ߣ
ȫߵ࣡
֧ӵͲò²ˣ۶һ߲飬Щ۶ڷ١߸ȾԴҲǳϵʬ壡
۶ȻߣͼʥȻߣ
˵ӣָǵıӴѵǲ֪߿ͨôסڱʲôãҲпܻߣȻȾˣߵʬ壬Ӧþ͵طհ
ǽûˣǳСϪҪԶԶġ
ⲻǽųΪҽѧڣʵ̫˽ߵĿֲˣԭ֮½ҽѧĵطʬ壬ζԼаٷ֮ʮϵĿܸȾߣȻıҪѿ
ذԼϪˮ˫ҲҪûϪˮʱ򡭡
ͻȻ
ԶһӰ˳

ģǳϵһŮʬ壡
ԭϾȻвٵĻˣֻҪȾߣûҲҪˡ١
һûǲܰҶ¯
Ů˷Լϵһ񱼣һ˺ѷεش󺰣ȻһһӤ
ۣ
ӤŵĿ˳
մŮӤ֣ޣʹӳȥ
ಣ
һĮŹĳ͸Ů˵ţ
ļ棬ӤӶӤĶͷһѪۡ
ȻŮ˵ı󣬰γȥ֫ضţҪġʬ塯˵ʵЩǱӽ¯ûʹھͱҿ˹ŰɱԼѡߡɱ
˵꣬ѥĴŲסӤͷ­һЦҪӤͷ­
ϣŵġʬǡε̾ϢԼסˣﻹȥһӤ
ʱǡಡһһ߹ǲ֪˳ˡ˾ٵԴ
ȫ䱸˭
ǰɣǰɣ
˴Ϫˮ˳ۿǷŭĺɫ棬УԼ߹ǣ
ȻӤҲŹ˾ԭǣ
ʱ˴һҶΧɵļªȹȹǰϣӹ˫磬ⲢЦֻǰ׹ɭɭĿֲ
϶Ϫˮٴʲ죬㽶ˣȻȥһ֧ȫװľӣ
ȹĺܱ¡
ðɣҵ˲ûˣֻЩߣЩ˼ǰ壬Բʱ뿪һȹߡ


085 ƽ˵1
ǿľȻһֻãȻɫ䣬Ծ˼
ŰɱŮľ٣ͷµɫޱ䣬ԾػģͼڣСģ
ֽ䱸ͼڿǣز󣬷
ǧСģͼڣпκνǶȹǣ
һĴУһٶѸսУһӲʬ壬һӹֽŵһزھٵĴ³ˣ
ǵĽŲȴԵЩɣձҲ΢΢
ǵģǾˣǱɱηعκһͼڣ
ҲֻͨడǼðҲẦ£
ֻǾɽˣ
ǰɣ
תе߹ǣܿתС糵ԳȺӵزҲηӭȥ
һжڵʯ֮䣬ֻˡžǰءϡﻩ
ˣһز˵ؿڣ
ž˵ʼˡ
ǰأְһӣ˳
ϡﻩѾӲɢĹͷ
ùʺսϼʲ죡
ǵˣ¸ҵˣѾɢٶͷˣȻǿٶͷٶ򾣬һһӵǰ
ȻͷӤһӣεӤϡ
ǵĵһȻɹˣ
Ǽ˵սǿ󣬾ϲͬٺתٴɱ˹ش֣ѹͷ飬ҪСģ߼пһͼڣ
ϾؿһС
ЩѪ˵ϱӽϽѾһĳˡΪһİӤȥðգ
˲ͬ
µദѾ˵һˡԴһЩƤԳ֮Ϊѵˣ
ѣؾȣ
߸ͷ棬ڳһ࣬ĨϣȻϪˮվӶ˵ǣ簲
ʲôˣ
񣬾һϵʱ뵽˻ûгֵͼڣᵶ䱸
Ҳٸ˵벻Ҫ𣡡
Цеģָϵʬ壬ʬǣڸǽţҪɱǵľѾɢˣֻʮڿǣǵű٣վƴһԼѡ񣡡
ж֮ǰѾ۲ˣʬһǧһǻŵģ
ڽϵĹĶ£Щŵ˿ʼɧˣǰƴһԴ£ѡ˺ߡ
˵ûվƴˣ
һ˲䣬ʬվİˣʼͽƵعӣ
Ӻ󱳣㵵ľ٣ҿԸ˵ˣ߻ǱˣΪѺӵľ٣ƽϢαӡҪŵ÷ôֻǸһ顪ңƽϢȻ˾Ź㣡
ٳ˰Σתͷ𣬡ˣƽϢһｻҴ
˵꣬ᵶϣ
ЦЦ仰֧˾ľˣѾˣΪٻ뿪һˣϣ
ǰɣǰɣ
ǶæѹѹټսϽ̵ϷʽϳãӤѸٻص˽ߣ
Ȼϳž΢΢һЦһȣǳ
ˣתܡ
ԭɱڣһϾȻԺãʱɢĿɿڴǸͼڣ
㶵ŽϵıӰðΣپû׷ȥ
ֻһͨľ˰Ҫ˵ħͼƴ㶺ô

ϲûмپģͷ񱼣ɽͷͣ
һصɽȣ¡ʱڣﾹȻһƬﻨ㡣
û۲ĻˣһСԣ˺üڴȻһˡ
װҵСүǶ´ж֮ǰʹҵôǵģǸӤܿӦþûУЩпǣȻĥɹмҵ裡ΪһİӤͰյأֵô
ˡߺߡû˵ֻǰһ۽ϣȻתСƨɣŽϡۡ
ҲŲЩأҾ֪ҲһСҵǰ
㣬һСҪ˸ˣ㣬ȻЦеſϪˮ̾ʲôʲ졯ˡʵ̫Ѫˣ
УΪԼգȻ߲飬Ķٸ췴㣬㣬̫쵰˰ɣ
ĹĵزὭϣӤСӱǰŶǰŶԹԡ
峿ԴɽȣһֻذеӤӤȻ޲֣ˡĻЦ
ϵĻСЩϸһ룬ҲԼȷʵһЩˣûһ˵ι⺢Ů
°ͣߣ㣡
ǽҪ֥ǣŰ֥һˡ
˶ƵŤŤСƨɣߣǲ㣡
ôó庢ӣĪŵʱ򡭡ӣ
ǰɣ˴ۿĻȻɫߺƻɫǸһţ˵ҲὭϡ
ͷðɣˣͻȻ뵽һ⡭

ĺ࡭
ǲ
ԹԵ˵ڸӳͻ֮ǰ㶪һ߹ǣڣ߹һ𣿡
ǰɣ
ͷ
ಣ
Ӥһߣ˽У˳ӵӤһһ߹ǣ߹һţǰɣ߹Ƕţǰɰɣ߹ţǰɰɰɡΣȻץŽϵ죬ܽŵصɴۿˣ˵߹һ
һͷôİɣ˻һ߹ǵģظ֤󣬺ܾȵصɴ۾ףȻϸ˵

쵰
ӹĳݡ
ȴЦǲǸ߹ǣиоֻҪٻĹͷĺҲһڡ
ããɽӳû߹ǵʱ򰡡
ϰѺӺȣԼʻά˶࣬ͨͨˣȻ·
ղˮĨ࣬Ͱ಻ˣϴ衣
˼ѾѹϰյĴȻɫҲߺƻɫǰå
תϾת˲䣬˽ϵĺ󱳣
ǸӤҲˣ
ϺȻɽھĺˣŤͷʣˡ
ۣӤһ޴˽ϣ˸㶵ָŽϵĺ󱳣Ŀɿڴˣ㣬ı
ҵıôˣ
һͷˮת֮һֱɯһ𣬳ԣסϴ裬ɣûñ˿Լĺ󱳡
˺ȥ۲Լĺ󱳣ԣϱ޵Ѿˣȴ֪Լĺʲôӡ
˵ɫԣժ˵ͷǹǣʢˮȻϪˮͷǹˮһ򵥵ľ䣬ŤͷһԼıӰ
Ϊô


086 ƽ˵2
һСʲôӶԣֻҪ
ȻһˣС˵ıϿһƴСͷסÿһȥҪ֣֤һ󣬾һƤⷭͺһſ˫Ѫڡ
̺úһƿɫҺɫȾϵŨͿԣҺȫ˵ıϣͣͣҵĸʴУһɫͷԶ˵ıϡ
񫣬һѸ룬Сܷĸ룬Ȼ˳ͷ࣬һأƳʮѪܵ
ע⣬ҪҶԳƣƳ֮ҪͿϽɫҺ
ϲ裬ͿԿ̻Ϻ󱳵ģ
˵ϿһһԽɫģɭɭɫͷ
ǡƽ
ںˮĵӰУϿԼı˳͸һֱ۵֡
ԼĺϾȻһͼ
һͨ
һĳķţ
ף
ֵҲ벻
ǸϿǣĸһʰɣ

ϲûаϣɾƽʱ֥ǣʹ
һ¡صĵոսӴ߳
ϸ磬ŮֺﰲǿϲɺءǺǣнӣϲסĻᣡ
һʮ꣬üĿϸЦ˵
ϸԱߣһͬ͵ߣͷһƤϣ˶½˫
άߡ
ϸˣߴͼ֮һĦҵĵҶж
ߣȻǧͼڵһҵԪԣܴ˵أ
ж˹ˣ
ѹȸУˮкάάﰲΪӮ׵ĻᣬҶ׼㣬ȥף
ңҲлף
άӶˣ
̫˷ˣ
ʲôǿ˹Ŀ֮ʥ֮˹µͼڱϣڶռﰡ
£Ǻޣȥδ仯ʮ֮ϣ
ܶǰĳ˵仰ͺ䶯½
ףͿʮԤ֪δ仯
ףһ⣬ԤԼδ;
ά
ȻлԤ֪δ
һСʱάȫ𺳺ϲõ鵱УѾˣһԼʣʣҺ޵ϡûпһ𣡣
άѹʱѾһصĵ¹֮У
ĸֺܹ죺ʮһףףףˡ׾Ʒʮһͼ֮·
ľͷһλ¶ǰϽɫϣڷʮ飬Բеף
ס
άæ˹ȥȴһάǡʥεĵطң
һǺǰ츺ְȻ׵¹ʦǰף
˵Ʈ٣˵ɣԤ֪ʲô
׸ңǧͼڵһңҵؼ壬δʢεȵز
һԣάȴ˵ףңҺ޵ܲһ𣿡
˵ͷȻ˫ϣϡ
ͻȻ
ʮףʮɫâ
һչòʱ仯أһ׵ͼ
ɫĳɫãǻƽ
ң
ƽͫףѪᣡ
ɢ
˵˵Ѫ֮ƽ⣬ؼδ
άüͷһ壬ʲô𰸣
ȴȻɫҰף
άһؼң
һͷˮάصҵܲȻάжԼһ档
ʮλòˣ
Ҷ׵ĽΣ
Ĭ˰Ρ
ȻЦ³һ̺Ƶ֣
ս
ս
ʮλĿɻ
ƽ˼䣬˫ͫѪԤʾ˸ˣҪѪծѪˣɸǧͼڵһңҲ죬Եƴһս
ô
ʮλ˺ȻЦȻƽ˼䣬ôսɣ
Ӻؼкĸ߲㣬ͬʱܵһź
ȫѲӵлƽ֮ˣһƽۻ׹У½ǿߣŮףԶһɡ͵ظɱ

´֮ʱӵлƽĳˣȴһɽ棬ĳֻõĴȿధ
ˣľ𣿡
ľˣ
ǡ治ٿһˣ
ٿ
ٿǿǰɣһֵҵĸܺ𣿡
ǰɺߺߣԲٿ
ף
϶ڵϣյرͷߵңôôܼӰ
˱ż磬Űۣ죬һ˼ҿɲǰܼӣ˼ǸܼŮŮԡ
ܼ򵥣˾һӤǿһڵɣһά˶ʬ壬һʻսףһֻƤˡ
һӤġ
ǽţӤ͸һɽСԻ򸾣˵ģѵˣʵˣúչԺǵŮˣ
ţǸǸŮӤ
Ȼûб߸Ⱦ
˲棬ڴĴԶԶӤǰأǰءؿ˺óʱ䡣
ȻժԼļСͷһĵӤ١
ǽϾˣ
װСүǶ֪ĹͷжҪĹͷǹϵҵȰȻȻѹͷˣ
ûˣ
ǲȰ˵˾ǲջǼͷ֮£Ͽ˿ŮӤĿɰӣֻҧҧðɣðɣֵҾһѺˣͷҪˣ
뿪Сɽ壬ߵʱǶŮķ򸾣˵һλͷӣҲŮˣ죬Ůһְɣ
ǺǣѾͷôɰͽС
ããǵŮͽаͷֲʶһȻȡһ֣
٣Լģ֣ϸҽ·һŸʾϿģʱһټʾһֺ͸סˡ
ʾͷӣ˵߿ˣǽӷɵ𣬾ȻǾһ𣿡
˭֪أ˵ǽǴˡȻЭᡯ٣ȻЭᶼˣЩϰҲҾܾѽ˵Բ
ȻЭᣡ
İ֣΢΢һ㶡
ʱǰк·šϷ򸾵ĶԻԺ󣬿첽׷ȥ
һҹ֮󣬻ͷؽ϶һɽͷϣԼԼأ㿴̫ǵȫò
Һɫĳǽʮ߰ףͷɫġ
棬˼Ŀĸʾ
֥ǡ
˹۹װž
ʱڣ¹ơ
棬δ飬Գ֥ǡ
濴ѾӸˣǵҪҲһɫСľݣżо˽֪ʲôġ
ʱǰ壬ЩɱľҲ׽ţǳ棬ʱʱ߳һŴ󳵵ľˡ϶ģ˵ģͻû߸Ⱦߣ

զͷ۲һʱ䣬һԵ˵ͼʥ治׽ȥأ


087 
޷취һóȵϵĽţūݽȥǽϴһʬ壬һãڽʵʱ򣬿϶൱ҡ
һ취ԽڵЯʬ壬Ǳ̫ǡ
˿ǽϲǧ˵ľӣ̴ͷ
Ȼʻͷɽϴ˯

ҲҪȥ֥ǣ
ˣŹҰɣ֥ǱߣѾ˼ʮˣǽȥ
Ϧµʱ򣬶ߺȻһ˺ѷεĺС
ֻԶƽ̹·ϣǧɫս׵ľˣѺūŰ֥ǡżһūʾԣԸ֥ǣ˾ͰγһЦĮ˵ǽȥȾھͱɱǣԼѡ񣡡
˵Ŀɫֱܲӡǰū
϶Ҹֲ׸ܲū
죬Ǹӣ
֥Ѿˣʱͼǰ㣬㲻°ҹԩô
ⳡ棬ֻۿð˽ɫĻ棡
һԵĽȴ
ˣҵƽǵİ취ˣʻսף
ȡ͵ƤߣʻսԼһвɫŰʮҵū
ʻսףŰƤڽϵıд֣ιå뵽ʲô취ˣ
˾Ȼд֣
ϵĽŲ˶٣׷ֻ飬ǰūôˣŵľӿ϶ǣֻҪǻū飬ƽǣ
ȥôȥѽ
ôҵģ
ʱѾ׷˶ĩ߸߾֣󺰵һȣһҰҵˣ
ˣ
ūҲɳˣ
찡ǿҪȥ֮Ķ飬ֻܵģûһģǷô
ӵģһٹشϣȻһ桭
˵ǸһԼľݣĿڵǸū
ܵͷ󺹣ɫүΪҲһҵӻڶ氡Ҳܶҵӣ
ٳĬˡ
Ȼ۾̾˿Ӱɡ
˷ܵϹһӣȴֿӵֱ꣬ľүȥҵӣ
ȵȣٺȻס˽ϣڽΪԼ¶ʱЦЦʲô֣
īƣ
Ҳؾͱһ
ٵͷҽп׼֮鷳ҵ֣
˶٣Ц˵ҲܰҵӣȻǰѾߣ

ÿĽˣҪִ񡭡
ŵʱڽϱϡǰɰд˼֡
ôȺ·ͷ˵Űûֵÿ
ѪĳåȻ˵ֻ
Ѫ̫˽Űʱˡ
ϵɫĮΪҽѧڣҲ̫µĳˣڵǼǧʷУΪߣ˰ԼӸĸƽ¯˷Żջһǧųǣ޼ҿɹ飬˳ӣɱʮ򡮽ǿܡȾߵͬЩҽѧʷļص顣
ߣԲμӹһηС߾Σ֪СĶߣ߻ʲô
ϲȥˣΪǸȣͷĵĽΪֱʴȵʹ飡
ĸ֥ǣϸͲ֮ǣ
ԣϴ˵֣˲
һЩūͶˡ
¶Цݣô߰˰ūó޵۹ⶢſûѺ·ϣ϶ɱһǧԸǵūˣΪɥ֮ʹȴҪִ񣬿ûЩ޹ūЩūԭԼǣȴƫƫҪ
ǰЩūҲܿģ
ūָһūŲţ˽֮Ⱦߣôһ˲ǾӣߵūѣǡǺ±˴Ⱦߣˣۿ飬Щɷ蹷ūô
˳Ĭܳʱ䣬ЩūҲֵÿ
ּأ죬ѵûֵÿô
Űûֵÿ˿
̾˿ˣװСүǶҸ˵Щ㣬̵֮ܿ飬ϣ㵽ʱ򡭡
å
ţ˵ʲô
ҺȻ֣㲻һå
Цˡ
ʱǰȻһȣ˶ˣ
ԭūѾ˳ǰſʿЭ֯ūǣ
ҶǰһľôľǰڣٻǷźƣյ֮󣬰ĺ룬˳Ӧľݣ
ʱо˷ϷźƣۣȻһǳ֣һľݣʮĺţ
ϵַŶֵʱ򣬿ҲһľݣʵӺľݡ
ŶǼĺƣ֮ǰ۶ǵ
ͷһǷȾߣ
ǶģˣбҪǷȾ
ĬˣȻڽϵĳϿݣһ䡮ΪҵӡСǷȾߣҪǼǵСǷͼڣ
ѵкܶͼҪ֥ǣ
ϵһ֥Ѿˣͼ¸Ⱦô
£Ȼ£صĽϵļ
ˣ㲻ģͨ˵֥һͼ˵ʬ֥Ǿãһã
ʬ򡭡á
ϻȻʣҪ֪ͼڵϵ
֥Ű˿ʮڰ㣬ôϣܼȡٵ
ѹֻܶͼҪ֥ǣ
˵ͼڣһ̣ҲĶˣ
֥Ǻʬ򡭡
ף
ֵҲ̰࣬ʮˣҪܼȡʮ˵
찡һӡƷͼʿʲôزͼʦͼ

Ѹ侲ģǿһ֥ǵĽϳ̶ȰɣҪȡͱͨŵļ飡
ǽϰڸԼݣ߽Сľݡ
ľһñ棬òĺˣ
ʱо˸߽ϣλôǼߣ˼ǰ߹һ۾Ϳˡ
ðɣԸ
Ϊ֪ηֵߵǰ
ţڽ߹һ˲䣬˵˫͵һֱ̽ϵ꣡
Ȼ˵һЦˣʲô֣
һʱ䣬ľľ˶Ҫ֪ӽ峿ʼѾ˲ǧˣ˶ͼ˵ɱ֮⣬ûжκ˵


088 գ1
ǽϲ֪˵ݣһͨϹƤڵīƣǣ
Ц𣬵ͷʾ⽭Ͽ뿪ˡ
ɽߺĿȴԶԶϵıӰһֱûŲ
ʦ
ʱҲ߽Сľݣһˣûæ˵ϣʦȻԼͼڣĩӼ٣
Ӽݣǻʵ۲ʸõĴʻ㣬ϣѾ˵˹۹ĵλˡ
ҪάһϳˣƿףΪռ˵˹ʦ׵£
׵²ûлش𿭶⣬ԾŽϵıӰ
ҲŽϵıӰ˼ӣʦīƣô
֣ǳ֣
Ű׵³ĸ֣Ĺâˣī£͵ظɱ
ˣû⣬һͨ࣬˫ۻῴģֻǡ
ԥ˺ܳʱ䣬׵ºҲ׼ȷݴʣֺĿɻֻ˵ıӰһѡϧѾȥܾˡ
һѣʲôֵģ½ϱӰƵ̫ˣü˼ɵ׵µݣҲҼѯȥ
ʱ洫˼ٵĽŲ
ӣŽǵūУðūͼڣ
һбĴ˽ͼڷǳǿ󣬷ļѾɱˣҲʧأ뿭ѸٴԮ
ʦ
ɫƽ۰׵£
׵һ˳Ŵ˳ȥ˵ҸһȫʬʬڳϣҪǵͼڡ֥ǾͲãǡ
˴¹ڣֵͼڵʬ壬ڳ֮ϣ
ǣ
תȥ
ʼգ׵Ψһһ˳ֶȥһǿǴȴûȥ鿴Ƿˡ
Ϊǿ׵¾һӲ˵ѵĴ˵˵Ѿˣô˾һѾˣ
˹ʦº֪ߣͼ׵£


ɱһͼôáĵˣ׵µϲûκε֮ɫ෴΢΢˿Եºأ
ʦѾɱڳ⣬Ϊʲô
һ죡׵νȻһʱ䣬ͷͼǵͼڣеһȻǡƷͼʦһĸ֡⻹ǱҼģҼ鲻ģ֪жͼڣѾҵ˫ۣ֥ǣ
˶٣üڣ֥ҪôûͼڣҪУһǿģǿ˫۵ͼڣ
۾һ˿־壬ʦ»ͼڣ˫ۣ֥ǣ
ΪûУҲ޵£ȫ֪ȫܵʥˡ
׵ңɫ̾Ϣ˲˵죬ҵһѾʹϢ˵ǧǿͼڣɵĹͬѾ⡯ͼ񾳽֮װҲ֥ˣ
װ
СľȻһž
װһ˵е֣һѪȷ֣һɵģ˭Ҳ֣

԰׵µҲûмϵݣȻԭġ
ʱûʶԭ׵Ǹ಻ʵݰϹƤһž͵٩ˣղǺϹƤûУλͽ˲ò࡯
Ҳдأӣ˼ҶŶˣ˭֪
˭֪Ʒͼڡʿ鲻
ϹһЦȻһѪȸõζǺᣬӿЩ˳
֮󣬽ϵŻָˮƽ
Ȼ̧ۿȥֻ˳֮ӭһʮ׿Ļ̣֡࣬װ꣬¥վƶᣬûȥᡣ
Ҳ࡭
ϵɤЩҲĽѾȫƬߵͣʬ
һǧǰ˰٣
㣬Ҳ㲻ͣʬǰһǧͣʬһͣʬ氲һپʬ塭Ҳʮˣ
⻹ֻǳǶŵһСƬ
֥Ǻʬ仰Ȼ˵ģ
ιåô˵ˣ
ڰ￴Σд
ûʲôǡ
첻ʣ׹ᾣ˲ʣ׹죡
ϵĻû˵꣬Ȼһ΢̾Ϣ
̾Ϣк̲һصۣý֮ǰӤĲҽУŰɱӤľӡ
Ծؽӿڵǰ̿ˡɻ
ڲԶһͷñ۹µ׳ҲͣʬһƧūͬ
˽ӻʱüͷ΢彭ϻֳͬŽЦЦ
ҲЦˣҲҵū
ǰɣ
׳˵ͷ죬ӻ̸䡣ǽ΢΢һЦʾԼûȤ̸ȥˣȻתҪ뿪ū顣
ûһӾ˾ʹӳ³˳ѸٷֳӣΧǵū
վסнǵūҶȺһķɣ
ϵЦݽϡ
ڰдå鷳˰ɣū飬ôȥأ
о⻰ϵһһġ
ܿ죬ūǶھ˵֯ųɢĶУվڵһŵھŸԳš
ūˣܲĴѵκ˶ԡ¹塯۴
һվڳϴ󺰣һӴĺӰļ򣬡ѽѽҪŻǵСءСǣҾǸѵĴ
Ӳ൱Ϥ൱Ƥ
˵һǸ׶ߵĺڹǻܼң
ӭܼѵūһϹ

ܼؿС֣һź˺⣬˼ĺǵĻأϧѽ˼ұ£ϻءһǵеĺܶأѾ֪أܲ˷ټ֥ǣأ֪𣿼ܲΪʲôټأ
һĨĸأԼΪʲô֥ǣҲʵ⣡
ѽΪﱴ˹ү
ܼЦ˵ﱴ˹үûǼ˳λļ̳ˣүӵﱴ˹ү
֪ﱴ˹үܼҴҪٽˣ
һū֥ǵĲ״˫ŭǲףΪʲôﱴ˹үҪ飬Ҫ֥
Сԩңʲôѽ˼ⲻڸǽô
˵ﱴ˹үǴĻȻҪкܶƸټЩū֥ǣǰ͸Ƹأ
Ƹ񣡣
һ㣬ά˹ũڣǰټʮūѵʮūƸ񣡣
ôֱʣ


089 գ2
ϵһʱգ֪½ݻˣ
ȵĲֻϣһūԼ˫֣Ƹ찡һʮūƸ̫ˣ
ô
ܼ̯Ҳû취֥̫ˣ嶼ȱͶأŮϽ鱦һƸָҪūȻ¾ȡ
̾˿أﱴ˹үҪһӭȢɶǷͬһĴأҪȻүҲ˺ģһξͳܹʮūƸѽ

ܼһڼϸڣѾ
ԭĸأֵңһ֥ǣƸģ
ģԲȫҶ䵽Ƹĵز뾡ҵĸūӡ
ɺ޸Ѿӷˡ
ʱܼ˵еľ󲿷˻ᱻ͵ŮȥأܲľҲȱ֣ǵеһС˻أ
üë˭Ըӣվ˼ֻҪ׳Ŷ
ξ
ֵ׳ҪվԵļȴס˵˼Ļ
ʱ⼸׳ɫ䣬Ͼ˻ȥ
ӣûһվ
ûɵϣūǺƽҵľӣǵȷҫһ顣
Űʱڰľʲôɣ뾯ӣζųʱӴ߻ߣζŻȥĻԶԶˣ
˭վξ˭
ܼҾͣĶ˵׵Сһǣûվû뾯ӣǵȷпܸȾߣҲпܵõεĻѽпܱΪҵʽԱѧϰΰͼأ
һ
ͬʱ
վ˳׼ȻӣȻŻܡڶվģȻ뽭ϴ𻰵׳
ѽ̫̫ϴȥ
ŽϺ׳ӪıӰܼ˷ܵؽ
ȻȻ֣˵ıӰȻķǳƣ
Ŷֵܣ߸Ӱɣ
һɵñ

ܿ죬쵽һʵƤףףֵȼ򵥵ķƷȻһͣʬеһ䡣
īƣԺǡܲӣжӡʿˣľǣӱ
ؿŽϣؿڵġ±ݱȽڱΣǣһ֤ͣʬʬ˸룬ڶȴЩʬ壬⣬Ȩɱвκߣô
泤٣ӱīȫף
ִؿڣһƯľ
ţͷ˳۽ϱϵģǸɫĴлһ˿̰
ʿվӣ㲻ñ˽ƷЩʱܣ
˵ţȥװά˶ʬİ
װĳ٣ȫðɣ͹ˡ
Цеƾָ֣Ӵʱ˵ˣ٣ǿ𣿡
һ˶סˡ
ȻЦݣīСֵܣʶ
ȥʿ磬֪ҵ֡īƣ
صЦЦѽô𿭶أ
ʱͺ񿴵˶겻ѣеס˽ϵ֣Īֵܣߣ㻻һ֤ѹһȾߵġȱ
лġ⡯Ǹ˵һ˵ɣ٣߾񻯵ʲô̶ȣ
ɫһ䣬˰ӣſɬ˵̫ˡƽʮ򣬾Ҳʮ˵ĻֵܣҲݣ͸Ұ䵽ͣʬΪѾû˿ˡȦ죬죬µһʿҲҵ׵ܵܣҲˡ
˵ţͷϿ϶Һ塣
ˡ
ڽϵĺд
ȴ˵ˣǵҽʱ˵ʲô𣿡
ǵãŰûֵÿ˿ˣ׵ܵܣ̰īİ治ֵÿأ
ǰɰ
˰ԼĸˣåѾл뿪ˣô
ȻҪߣڣ
Ȼϵ۾ˣΪǰһٶʬѻɽƵʬȺȫߵʬ壡
ϲ˫֣ҿʻս׵İڣˣҷڣ
ڣ
˴Ӱ̽ͷѻɽʬ壬Ŵ۾Ȼһ˵ĶѵҪǵôåЩߣѾܿˣȻǵҲŹ
ףʲôأ
ʬ壬ְ̽γȣͷҲص˵ûƷϵҲҵ֮󡭡ˣڣֵҪʬ壡ŤͷۻڷˣοЦôװСүǶ˿һλרҰʼʬ壬ҾҳߵĸԴҵ֥ǵİ취
ǰɣ
ͣʬſڣ˫ۿϣٱع۲˸Ρ
ǽϵһ仰û˾񣬡ֻҪֵ֥ǡŶװĻʵ۱£ҲҪ͸ֵһƬأʮӽҰɣ
ǮͿĸϺˡ

ܿ죬Ͼѡһ߹󣬼ʵԱ걾
ʬ壬нʼֵ
͡
϶ſڣ׵һзʩһ
ͻȻ͵س嵽ʬǰԳԽƽʱٶʩչ
ʮ֮󣬡
³еѸ˵һԣǾʬ塭ѾֽΪɢ٣
һͷֻʮ룬Ϥ壬Ҫʱֻ̡ܸ
һĶֻۿĽɫ治ϵعתЩˡһ˹ȥ
ӻܶ˵һǸˣʬ϶߲ʩչٶȣȻʬӴĻᣡ
ðɣҿһ
ԶԶع۲١
ʵϣֻһֹϵĳƺ˺ңߡȵȼʮֵĴģȾ
һʹ˸෢һÿһߣ¶صıǣֻҪ۲ЩǣҵߵĲȻ֢ҩ
ǣ
ϿӣӲûҳߵĲ
ôܣֵԿ䣬ֻҪǵϳֹߣҶһۿİ
ѵ
֥ǵߣκһֵϳֹߣ
飡
ͺˮըѣߣȡͣȻĸϺӡˣ
֥ǵѾ֪ʶ룬ҪǸһʱ䣬гҽѧ豸ҳߵĲ򡣿ֻһССͼʿʱ豸
㽶ҾͲˡ
ϻһĿ鵽ʬ룬һ߷ͷʬ棬ðɣٽһԣ
ڣ֣
ϵĽٶȺε֮죬˵ڵĹѾͷؿڣɾʱ򣬡ϣ
ͷͻȻһ𶯣һţ
һĽʵѾγɹˣԽۣۣۣ
ǣͷ˵һ֮󣬾ƴطϵǡͱƨϣ
ĳȽҪ٣
ף
϶ĵĳӶ³ˣͷҲŭصɳˣ㣬ȻҴ˼ҵƨɣ
غգͷͷһƨɣһʹס˫ۣҡװݺ꣬գһ˽ӢҵһӢ
ǵģֺԲڡغӢϼһװ
һȽƿڵĴºţҲǰ׵¹ʦ˵ģǧǿͼڣɵĹͬѾˡ⡯ͼ񾳽ġ
˳㱻ϱ˵ġ֮ùĶװ


090 Ʒˣ1
װǳ룡
ϧʵѾﵽһֽʱ޷ľ磬ɱҲû취ɱԼ
Ӣ
װ׷ǰ£
ʮǰװһСɽ壬ʮ֮ǰһལֺ˼˰ķޣһ˵ཡ
ɺ޾ʮһ죬һɫߣǿɫ˫Ůˣ̵ػཱུͯ꣡
Ψһпսʤҵˡ
Ů˵صĻ͸ɣһӽңЩȥ۹ѧԺɣҵġꡯȻٶȣսʤң

ཱུС۾ˣ
ȻЩҧĽɫСңĴԲɣűܵ˵۹ѧԺ
һξ꣡
Ǹɫߣǿɫ˫ŮˣҲ˵۹ѧԺ
ҵ˱չؿѧ꣬ûбҵལ˵ˣҸһսҵĻᣬҿһĻ꣬ٶȰɣ
཰ѿѧĶչ˳
ϧŮҡҡͷֻ꣬ﵽ־磬һעҵĶ֣
˵꣬Ůˡ
ཡ
Ȼһֱڵ۹ѧԺչأȻû˵ǣҲһѾߴʮľƷ˰
ңҾȻһŮˣһһƯͷŮˡ
ҪѧϰȻɵԵģһ۹ѧԺһɬش󺰣û
վסڵ۶£
ƤñӣӵĹˡི֪ǽ۶š
ǣʱĻȫı֮Уʶ䣬һȭ
һȭڵ۹ѧԺѧ꣬ȴŮƽ⣬ཱིû˵һȭ
ˣ
һ屻÷գһžӨ͸Сǡ
֮ȭͷͼڣǣɱ
ԽԽĹˣིƴػȭһʮʮһһһһ
˶ٸʱȻ֣ǰһƽ̹Ĵ·
Ǿֵڴ·ԣеڷеڿеĻڴſ򡭡
£ǳϣ㾡˹ңңĦңͼ֮ҲĶ֣˵ҪɣֻҪŹ۶Ź۹κҪ󡭡޶Ӧˣ
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۹ѧԺ֮һҶ˳һ֮ڣͼңնɱʮλǿߣʮ۹֮֮⣬Ǻڰ˵ǰ֮װ˼֮Ļ
ȻʱҲѾһȫµ֮֡װ

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ɣͲڵ۹ѧԺչ꣬ȴȻвŮ˵һУɣͲǸŮ˻ᣬ״ݻԼģ̧ͷ
˶˵֮԰ݲһ㶪ӵľٶ˭֪ҪӣΪҵѾһŮ˸ݻ˰
װݺᣡ
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һǰһĵؿ֮

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СһǶװǸķϣ¡ֻҪ㲻ȥ˼ҾͲƽ
װǸɵĹͬеߣƺΪԳơ˼ҡ쾭飬װ󣬡ٺ٣˼һԼ֣Сŵƨæϴѽ
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˶ʮ֮󣬽ϺȻɫһ䣬ˣס֣
ǰɣ
ŹҵȤһŹһ治ص۽ϡ
ˣ
϶е߹ǣָͷ֮˵һ˵ʲôԳơװ֪װʲô˼ô
ǰɣ˲֪֪ô
Ҳûʲôװϳͷ˵ʱԴԸֹ߰ѵװһ
˵ţץס˶װĲ죬ݺݵװô˵ݣ䣬ͥһУ˵
װ
ͷãȻҡҡͷ⾫ƷԴãȻصɴС۾˭Ƕװ˼Ҳʶװ


091 Ʒˣ2
ĴкܶĹ׸һרŹ̺ͼġ
ػпܵһϵеغ硭ʧ䣡
㲻ʶװ
ԼԼʶԼܰͷӴ⣬ȷݺݸ֮ƣװĶװʧһƭңʵ
װͷС۾գգͣŽһЦǱ㣿
ԴָָԼԹϿǡåͷɵ˰ɣ
ͷĺϣѪģһʱҲŪˣĲʶװ㣬ʲô֣
ͷɻˣȻϲ̧ͷɰαס˽ϵ˫ȣ壬ҽལҪԱ
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ͷٴԻһ󣬲ϴʱں˴۶Сۣû⵽Ƭ̵Ի֮ͷ۾һ˿ģĹâ

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ղһ˲䣬ǲԼ֮ˣֻǵãԼƺӦһСཡķޡ
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ҪǸС쵰֮С쵰ٰȥ˼һʲôˣ
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غգװɵ㶰ɣ
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ϵЦװļٴζݻظˣֵصɴ۾غҪ飬ҿǡ
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һʹװ˹ȥ
һͷǣһӢ֮װףװʲô

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Ͽ˰Ҫ뿪ӪʱİѾһά˶ʬһֻˣһǵԼ˭Ķװ
ȻһϸæѰ˶棬ȻһȻǸͼ̰ī
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죬˵ѾƷͼʿˣںһССľְ
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񣿡
û񣡡ܿɫһˣǵСֲ㣬ץ񲹳Աˣ߰ȥˣ׳ɾͶСӸ
ԭȥץ׳ϱֻڵӰ￴־ͷû뵽վȻֵԼϡ
ܿ˲ɷ˵ץŽϾͳͣʬ
ҵľƶȣСȨļʮʿҪ࣬һǵֻ߰˰ˣҪļʿСӣȴа˾ʮ֧
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ܿ˿ȥ˷ܣָӲĽϵǵĶӳܿˣǵĸӳīƣԺǸҺ͸ӳ죬ұĲ˵Ⱦƣڳ⣬ǿ϶ģ
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һ㶣벻ܿʲô취±ģһۣ±ҲЦ
ǻǲţܿ˺Ȼָһ򣬡ţ͸ߣӴȥ۽磬ףʲôеĺô


092 ˻
֥Ȼ˿ڷֲ࣬ӡ
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Ͻ֮һֱڡƶߡ
ҹɫ£ܿŵСִ߽óƶߵĽ
׼ȷ˵ʱһխ೤ĽֵɵҪǵͰĲݷҲвٵשԺ䣬ߵԭ򣬴ģĴšĽӡ
ܿ˶ӳʲô
ϿһѲ߱߹ͱͱܿ˵ĺ
һ֪ˣᰮģܿصЦЦѹ˵طƶߺóĽ㣬˲رҲûʲôעôģѧŵ㣬ԺҪǵˣҽİ취
˵ţܿһԺ棬к±󼯺ϡ
۵Ȼܿһ߿ԺӵĴţų˽ȥҹܱ߻ߣϹܼ飡ͬʱһƣ¹ʱڣȨѲκһƽּͥȷ߻ߣҲȨ͵ؼã
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ܿ˵ѩĴ۾Ҳһ֮󣬺Ȼ߽һĪɵ㣬ŭ˭˵û߻ߣǲô
ָһڿһˮףܿǰˡһˮףŤͷ±Ƕ⻧˼Ҳ߻ߣץ˸Σ
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Ŷ磬̫չֵˡ
ͻһذ׹ǶУܿ˿ȴ˵ֵô֪ô¿ᡭ
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ޣֺһЩýܿˡȻԸӳ±ˣŹǿ
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ܿΪҵĵͼ٣ֻǡߵȡĳԱƣǡȡܶ۹Ա͹嶼òĵȣ
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춯±ǰ֮ʱһָᴩţ
֮ɫսףɫսɫ磬ǽ̫Ǽģֱܲšҫʿţ
ҫܿ˶ӳȻɫ䣬˶ʮŸʿм䣬ҧǣҫˣҵģ飬ƴ׼
⻰ýϴ˸飬ڤתתҪߣ̫һսĿҫսٸӲǶסĹȺлսǣǣ˹Ĵ½ǿߡҫƴֵһûԣ
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ϱץᡣʱҫѾΧԺӣһͷʨ׵ľٿԺΣ֪ô֪ܺǵķţ
һ΢΢һܿ˵ѾûѪɫܡǼм٣Ȩͳһǧµľӣҫıܣκγ϶ӵִȨֻҪҪͿնɱֵܿͼ٣٣ǵţСӡ
СӣߣһСӣ
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Ҫ͸ңǾٺЦЦǰϣȻصͷӣЩ۸㣬
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ܿ۸ߺھߣ̧һ˾ٵߣ

Ǿٲ㲻ܣУͬһʯбĶˣ
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زأժƤߣҲʱϲӡ
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īƣĳң
ܿŵŽϣҪһ㡭ѵץңԼһã㲻ʣҲ壡ܿ͵عܴˣɱ֮ǰ˵һ仰ָŽϣҵĸӳīƣղҲˣΪԼϧ٣Ǹ˶٣Ҵϴƽ񣬾Ĺ٣ֻǸ׺ʹ֣쵰ı
ҧŭӽϣＷ˼ֻ֣ýīƣһ
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ҧǾսųϣΪ٣ҾͻŹ㣿֪𣿵Сӵ
ԣԣˣǵСӶҪܿ˷蹷һŽϣɱҪۿͽǰ档
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뿪̫֮ķľȫһ䡮˺ͨݣ
츳⣬ѾƸΪСӳ֥֮ķܼܼأټ츳ͬ죬̶һ¼ͳΪˡƷ߼ʯͼʿǱƸΪжӳ
˵ǣķжӳĵڶ죬߱ˣķϼӵӣ߰죬ķ˳ȱһִư˰پѲ֥ǾţʵȨյҫܣ
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һˣķϲ֣ظ˵ĸ޵ϵĸҵĸҲҵã߰ɣ֪ûʲôãҲܱ֤֥ƽ£
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ķѼܼʹ͸һСԺӣ͸˰ɯ
ڣⶰСԺӵĴȻأܰԼġҡþ˵
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ķ˵Լľ㲻ڵʱ򣬰ɯĸһŮء٣ڱƽӣ˽ĸĺûذĸТ˳ĸڿŮ
˵ʱ򣬰ɯһĬĬŽϣظ϶ɴ룬ϣЦЦ
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ֺٺɵЦȻɫ޵ϣ֥ǣֻܸΣգȥͱȻƽ࣡ķһԿЦ޵ϣȰɣ֪֥ǣĸʲôûдǰάС㣬ʮƳĻƽŵ㿴Ժ
˳ķָķ򣬺ԺʮƳ˾ʮĻƽ
ЩƽӦã࡭㹻Ϻʮˣ
ýǣɯһ涢ŽϺ࣬һص֣Це˵޵ѽĸѾѻƽأҪĸˣػܼƽ࣬һӵĻƽ࡭


094 ʹ
ϾŵӵʱķҪִо񣬼Ҵҵشҫ뿪ˡ
ķıӰЩζΪղʱ佭ϵľһУ˳һΡɽ·֤ʶ֥ǵʱ䣬īƽǡĹ
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Ȼ߽ԼļңһεСԺӣмһש߷ǰˮ¼ܵʩһʮƺĺԺһѷéݡ֥ǣֶŶԺס㲻ݻҲһģļˡ
սײéŻԵĶװ߷ǰţĸһˡ
޵ϻˣأȥ翪š
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ɯû˵طװ֮ĺģܹ£ȻЦѽѽҪ˵ģ޵ѽԺ˼Ҿǵ
װɯ˹ʱѣоɯߴλã΢΢һٿɯǹȾ׵Цݡ
һѣΣװʧ֢ɵЦ˵ལٺ٣Ҫ
ⳡ棬ϻĵһЦȻĬĬͷĸǲҪйܼңٸһʱ䣬һסϵ۶ݻׯ԰һ⣬˶ڳЦģΪҽϵĸ
ҹˣϰͷ˯˺м߷һĳȻĸܶ⡣Ůһչĸޣĸٸؽµĳ棬ЦЦûȥ˵֮֡ص˳ķ䣬硣
һҹε˺ܶ飺εԼоͷ壬ҵ˽ߵİ취˹ʵ۸߸˵ʹһׯ԰ԼһҳΪ˹үεˣȫҰׯ԰ʱһӰغǽڣһͼڣ
㽶
ϻȻ˯о˹ۣɫɷںԺͷ¯ӡĸǰԺ첹·
ĸĸߣѹĺܵͺᣬ顣
ʲôѽ
ɯգ۾Žϡ˼һĸʣĸ۾˵֪ʹ𣿡
ɯһ̹Ȼ֪ѽ
ף
ˣܶһʹ͹ȥ飬ĸܷ裬ͷʹҲװʲô֪ӣû뵽ɯĸȻһڳˣ֪һĹ𣿳ʹ֣Ǹҵģ
ɯܹŽϣСʹ㣬ģսţʹʹȻ֪ʹ޵ϣʲôֵģ
ϵ۾ԽԽĸ㻹ǵĵһؼʹҵģؼ
Ŷ˵ؼѽɯæ֣޵ϣĸ˵ؼǺö䲻ҵ޵ϣҪҪõģ
Ҳ˵ĸ޸ؼؼõģǡʹ˵޸ؼˣǳʹ
۲ĸ񣬡ĸѵǳʹ
ѽܾúܾǰĸͽгʹģ
ĸʵ̫ˬˣ϶ĸߣץĸ˫ʳһ⣬ǳʹʹʲô˼ڳΪū֮ǰǣУȻǿ޸ؼʹΪʲôΪū
ǰ
ɯ죬ȻͷҽҪɱҪɱɱҰɣеĴһ˷µġĴˣ
ţɯͷʹĹΣץͷش
飬Ī˵һ룬˵ȴͻȻЪԻ֢ˣϹ˲ȥæĸ
غͶװҲӺԺ˹һɯĲ״ŵɫæĦɯؿڣװķӦȽ֣ɯڷд󺰣ʹʹȻʱѣʱã
ڰɯ֮ʱװ۾һ˿֣̿ʧʹСһ̫žȻ֪ʹ
һ㶣ལҲ֪ʹ
ҵȻ֪ǰڵ۹롭
װ˳˵˰仰ȻһѣΣЦף˭أŶལҪԱôôı
飬Ī˵һ㣬˵ȴͻȻЪʧ֢ˡ
ŷĸͷĶװ᣺һЪܲһЪʧ֢һ˵ƽŮһŽµĳåǽϵһӣ
ŶǧˣԺһǰɣǰɡЩƤˣһʬ״̬ά˶࣡
޵ϣĸַ𣿡
ڻУķҴҵ˽
ѾûˣķֵҲ˼ڣ
ף֪һһöҵľãкܶ죬㹻ĸһҽˡ
ҧ촽û˵ʱķ˶װһ䣬֪ǽϡּ͡תͷȥץס˽ϵֱۣȻĸѾûˣ߰ɣѾˣǿȥάС㣬ȥˣҪӵģ
һ㶣õ˽ūӡĶںǷӣ
٣ڿҫܣѲȫǵʵȨˣάҴ㣿
ڵȷˣ޵֪άСıһ죬óĵȼԱƣάСģ
ķһĿ࣬άֺﰲ´ͷΪһȲε۹ԺġϯԱǵ۶尡ңүӻάŮݣάˡȼԱ죬ǵȼԱҸģ
һͷˮķ˳ȥײҪԺ֪ģûʱˣߣ
Žսķֵ޵ϣ֪άСڵǳã棬˵ǧСģ䲻Ҫйءǡ͡ʣ
ǣ
һ㶣⣬϶˹״ˣάæŴ˾Ҳڣ˻𡣵ʲô˼ķ˵
Ŷ˼˵۶һ֧صıţʿš


095 ߵȼϵ
޵ϣ֪֥ǵ̫ˣΪ˷ֹɢӻѸȾߵʬ͵ҰһյϿ٣ϿȾͽ¯
ȥά·ϣķ˵˹ʿŵ飬һڣʮǧһתǰһ֧˵ľʬ壬ڵϣǱһ֧صľϮȫûеʬ壡
ʬ壿ѵЩͼڣ
˭֪أ֪֮󣬻ͼģɳǧ˵ľţױʬѺ˶ӣ֧ӳ֡ķ֪Ǿӵĳʶ˾ļƻ˸ΧСʱͰѾɱȫܣ־ӣµǣڶʵ۱ŭߵĵųսһǧˣȫսľʿֻ֧ˣλս̶õȫû
ϺȻɫ䣬һ١𣿡
۹ĽҲΪͲϾ³ɵĽǡķ̯һӻľٱ˵ǾԳƹʿţսȹأƮǿһֻ飬ȫܴһ˺ǿҲͨడӮģ
ЦҹʿŵԣԳơһšļһǳϤ۹ľ㣬ָӣľһΪһԸξǴ½ľͳ˧֮һ
¸ά
ʿųֵĵ죬ҵѺ˶ҲϮˣʱѺ˶ӵĶӳάķεҡҡͷȻάСŻˣ֪ƢɱȫûһʿţóӴأ
άȻˡ
ﷺһɹֵֹĸоֻĸ˫ȣǱάĴģά˿Ӧһĵ顣
ԼάϡŹֵĹϵʵϣת֮ĵ¾ͷˣάƺ޵ϱһַǳر㺣޵Ͽˡ֤̽άȻصİ޵ϣ
ʱϾˣףֵֻһҲŮѵĵù޵ϣūݡŲʲô
ʼ޵ϺάĹϵܿάά֪Ͻʬ飬޵⸺ĺһ֮󣬺ȻϺ֮ĸˣ
άƢɣСҪǱ뷨Խʲô飿ûάϲ޴ϣϲĳ棬ÿҽڵѽϵʱǻ˵ĸĺԲˣȻң
ҡҡͷʵڲ֪ԼĹоʲôֻǺ֪ͳά˹زɯ˫һ㣬άͲܴʲôδ

άĹ̷ǳ򵥣ֻķһ仰άʹӦ˸ɣķĵ˵޵ϣ֪άСӦɣɲĴˣΪѾΪġߵȼϵеĵȣ⼸ǧƽ졪ɣҲӲģ
ķ˵νߵȼϵʵеڲƶȡڵˣΪ߸ȼߵĵһȼҶүӣͼλļ峤ϡ˶٣ڶȼǼɸأһǿȨмλȨصļس缪ܼңӵм̳ȨļλСү
άڵĵȼȻûм̳ȨʵȨգȨ֥ڲļ񡭡ķ޵ϣǵȣм٣أǵߵȣͨƽʿ𼱣㲻ǻһīƸӳҰò˼죬ܱγɵȵľˡ
ķ˵ЩѾάķڵ۶Ľͷϡ
ȵڵ۹ѧԺŽϱάҪͽȥѧ
۹ѧԺ֥ĵĹʬͷĳ治ֱͬһƬԴϳˮﲻٽֵĵУʱʱأԶ˷ܵĺ
ֱԭܼ򵥣һۼ˴ͼǿߣȻУԼһҲ߸Ⱦǿġ
һԭǣǳ̵أڹƽ֮䣬һߣһйȾߣͻᱻȥƽƽϰգǷȾߣھ¹ڼ䣬
ǿȨѹ£֥رһ龻
ѽ޵ϣҲƽأҿɸŶ㻹ҵģ
·ϣάߵŽϣѾͷά֥ǣˮǴߣȻ˱ķߵģȵάԺŮܼң
ϰһûȤ
޵ϣȻңƤޣҿǵȵļԱˣߵȵļ֡
ʱգȫûбҪһС˵־ĳѾͷǰȻװС㣬һ⣺һȵĳԱҪǼڶȼԱӦôأ
һ㶣Ȼǹӭ
㻹ʲôָָ££ԣô
۾һɣ֮ʵʵع
Ϊڽߣһɫʻûгǰĳָܳһӣһ׶ߣָĺ˾޺
ʶǻӣȴʶǺǼسźүʮ꣬ڶȳԱְڻʹܹܵļܼң
ѽѽⲻ׵άС𣿿ͣͣ
ܼסҪϹάЦάСڿү۵ŮأڶҲָտɴǻ˼ҿʲôѽ
άҲӦ˼׻ķһԹؾͦһ仰Ҳ˵
ںشǸӣʮͣһͷɫĳݿʣλСүüòȻͽֵƣ
ʱ⻪̬ưɢؿڳϣһֻ̲ٿԼҲؿ˽һۡȻ۾һµƨɣָŽϵ㿴ˣȻҳЩƣȤȤ
Ťͷ۽ϣ˵һλ棬һͷūϵӶûп壬һϸϲѽкأķæŽϵĺ󱳣޵ϣ֪ʶĵ˳λ̳ˣүӵڶȳԱﱴ˹ү
ﱴ˹ǸҪӭȢλǷļͳʮūĴү
ǷϹﱴ˹ү
ܼŭά˭ѽ֪ﱴ˹үҪ¹𣿡
ˣվŰɣ
ﱴ˹˳ݣڽֱߵһ̲ˮץһ࣬ȻǰЦеصͷȻָյ̫
һ㶣ȻᱻСϷƭﱴ˹Ҳܽûϵۡһ£һʹ˽ϵϣЦǰϣȤȤʮѾʮûôȤ
һʱ䣬˶ˣ˼Ϻͣһǳ˵飬ƫƫﱴ˹үһͯ棬˿ˣˣֻһֺ֣ͯ
ﱴ˹үȵؾͣʲôأһƽʲôȤѽ
ôʱ򣬼ҲһҳúƵĺӣºŷ
ﱴ˹£۾ԽԽﱴ˹һ˵Է˯׵ﱴ˹үأԭǸѽϧǷѾ˺þ
ҵһܹܣһ˳λ̳ˣȻڴһͬ޷ȵĿЦ


096 ۵ѧԺ
Ц֮󣬼ܼҲץ࣬һŵݸﱴ˹һԼ˵࣬׵ﱴ˹үһԷţ˯
ۣۣ
˽ϵϡ
ȫʲôЦЦûвϵ࣬Цеﱴ˹ƾϵɣ
һԵάȴ˱ӣʲôҵˣﲻ𣿣ָﱴ˹㣬ﱴ˹ҪΪǵڶȳԱ˳λļ̳ˣͲҴ㣡ٶһһԣŲˮ᲻ɻ飡
Ŷﱴ˹ϵͯһȡ֮һֵаðһԣά˽ӵļ֣в̳ˣ죡
žž
죬һǼܼάһƣάε䣬ͷɢ
ڶȴάƣż;һȣڼĺӡ
㣬㡭˼ֱܼţ㲻άİˮƽߣִ治һάĶ֣
ά˼ҵأŹ
㲻ɣάָżıƨɣھ͸ȥңﻹǰ֥ǵ·ϣǼ¸§أ
һ仰йƤ㬵صһά˼Ҳøƽأﱴ˹үʱ䲻磬
˳ﱴ˹һ̲ݣµʣаѱά
ܼʶףѽүҪأ
ȻĿһתһָϣܸ˳ɳĻأҸɣɱ
ﱴ˹³һȦϷʵ˵Ҳע⵽ˣ
ѽ˱裬ȻЦóЦԸɣΪۣҪôһʧĵķӣҪôһ̣ܳΪĸ󻼵ĳˣΣյ뼰ɵأ
ʻﱴ˹һĴЦ
һķѯάС㣬ܼаѱ𣿡
άǱʶ￴۽ϣæ۾飬ʲôʱֵˣϸ·
һۣýֵֹġ

ʮ֮󣬽ĹоȻ޴棬Ŷͷ̾绹С
άķҲһεӣΪǶ棬۹ѧԺѾǰǣﱴ˹үܳȻҲͣڵ۹ѧԺǰ
ν۹ѧԺŻֺ֪˿ΪһռĶ¥αȵĶѧʵϣ۹ѧԺһС棬ǰˮɫľţҲֻȽҵĲŸƶѡ
ﱴ˹Ҳˣ
άɫһ̧ţҪ߿۹ѧԺĴţͻȻʲô㬵˺󼸲˵۹ԺϯԱά۹ѧԺ
֨ſˣȵ˳ش˳άкһϣֱƹάܱϣӵģСˣһΪ·أߣҽȥŽ˽ȥ
ʼգûάһԵſͣޡһѧԺ˿ĭʲôƵط
žάֽסĭֱϣ˵עôǵ۹ѧԺ˶٣ȻҼס֥ǣڻʹǰˣҲǰǵͷĦǰˣǲڵ۹ѧԺǰˣ
С㡭ˣŵٴο˿ѧԺõĴţſһƬͰƽӰӣţطȻȻʹͼҵܲҪ߹
ǰˣʲôڡ
ά̾˿½ͼʥأһǵ۹Ļʹأʥߺԯ׶ǧ׺Ƶǰġ۹ѧԺ
⻰ĿɿڴķҲ𾪵С㣬ơôªĵطȻͼʥ֮һ
άͷҪңҲΪʲôүүү˽¸˵۹ѧԺϿȥۣһʢ漣ĵطѹ˵֮װô˵У֮ڵ۹ѧԺչ꣬ŲǻҴ½ġ⡯
С㣬۹ѧԺȻͼйأǡ
ķ֪ʲô۹ѧԺȷ֮֮İ࣬ҲӢۺܡҵ棬ʷ֮һǴҵģû˸е۹ѧԺͬû˸鷳άѧԺôţε۹ѧԺѧԣֻˮƽ޵ϵĵ֪
άЩɬܸӣһ棬ϣԼڵ۹ѧԺ򵽾춯صı죬һ棬ȴڵǣ޵⸺ĺǰͲԼˣһķˣܺԼһ
ìܵУάķת뿪ˡ
Ѿ˵۹ѧԺڣǰһƬͰéݷʮæµģֵĳӣקקȵϵ½ǣ٣үǶǡ۹ѧԺ
ǵ۹ѧԺȵϵ˵ۣĶѧϼǧأ߰ɣλԺѾܳʱˣ
˵ʱﱴ˹ͼܼҴһé˳ϣﱴ˹üʲôҲû˵ֱͼܼ˳ȥ
ȵϣﱴ˹ͼʲôʵ
㲻֪ôﱴ˹үҪˣΪλԺ»磬ԸЦЦλԺʲôݣôһﱴ˹ﱴ˹ɫôүһԺǰԱˣéݵٴδˣѽ˵ﱴ˹ˣλԺѾˣ
һΧͲΧȹĸɱͷé˳ͷϵϡ裬°һ̵ɽһЦﾹȻֻ߰˿ݡ
ǵ۹ѧԺԺ
ǰһֻé߳˵ڶһģһˣǵ
Ȼ̥ͷ
λԺ޵Ѿˡ
ȵϹسλԺϹҲǷ˵˿׻λԺԺͰչˡ
չ˲ҵмһλɫ䵭ֱ㻹ǵ۹ѧԺѧûбҪ񣡡
һŤͷɫֵ̿ȵϣ˵ٺ٣һмûأҵƼţڽ۹ѧԺ㻹ͨλԺѧԡ
ʱһλԺָָһéݣ޵ϣɣǿһǱȵʢ޵ĵĵﲻѧˮƽߣģȥ
ףƢүǶֵҵĵô


097 
Ͽɲ֪ʲôʥ֮һʢ漣ĵطֻǵĳͷڸԼװǴ˵еĴ⣬ƲƲ죬λǼͰéݡ
ӼΪʮмһŴʯĵˮΧéݵǽڣǸ߲ˣǸʳƷϽ棬һľ֮⣬ǽϹ
һдţ˵ڶдţ˵źȻһ첼дʲô
Ȼ𾴣˲֪ʲôָ㰲ֵϵĽȴףǰ˵㾳磺һ㣬Уڶ㣬С
ǵź
ӦǸһĵ磬Լоʲôȴߣ޷׼ȷ
޵ϣѧԺĵҡȵһԴҲҴͷ˵ѧԺѧΪϸǰҴ䵶ұҵ֮󣬻ûܿѾ꣡
ţȻǿհ׵ĵź
⵽ϵĿ⣬λ˻࿴˿һͬ˵ͷ޵ϣ㿴ʲô
ʲôҲûϣܿһЩ
ŤͷЦЦ˵һֵĴ𰸡
λȴЦ˳һѧ⡪һ㵶Ǳˣ
Ȼһλǽڸץһ鶹Զϡһͨģһͻˮĥ׳ʮľ룬ϵʱ򣬶Ȼûһ£ڶѧ⣬鶹ǵӣʮڿ̳һĵ񣡡
΢΢üͷҰܸﰲĽѵǰóͶڶ
ӲͷƤϵ̵λԺӿ
۶ѹأһǶʵϸۣ΢һ㣬ͻѶ飡
ϵָ񾭶԰Ū磬˿Ŷʵľץһʯһλ룬أ־仯ˣƾһ㣬ܲѧȵϣƼûκδ󣡡⻰˵ȵ°ͣϵͷɫ
ڶѹأһ鶹ֻаƼҪôСĶ̳˵ȫ񣬾ͱϸ緢һϵ̵ϸ΢̵öС룬Է屡Ĥϸĳ̶ȣһؿ̻
ڶλҲ룬ӡ
ʱһһعȥϵĶͷѾųһϸĺûȥˡ˵ѹأλԺֻʮӵڼ䣬ʮӣϲǵңǳϵĸ֣ƴȫھŷʮʱ򣬻˲ܵϣ
ϧˣָɳ̶ȣϸ̶ȣȫѧѾǵԤڣĵ̻ʵǡ
λҡҡͷýܹ׼ʱƷ
һ̾Ϣ̵˽ĵף㽶ԣֵѾڵﰲһΣѵһΣҪͷô

˫̵ֵļ϶һָ˵ϸ룬ѧŵﰲҧӣҧסβȻֺͣͬʱٿϸ̣ʱٶ
Կ˵ȵϵ͵;һ
λҲˣͣˣڶˡ޵ϣļɣԼģ˭ڸģ
Կ˵ֻ֮ԼѾԼʲôҲ֪ʲôֻ֪ҪƷ˵Ҳһԣô
ͻȻ֮䣡
ٴοź첼ĵһǿңѿڵ˵˼£ֺ֣ͣʲôط˵Ҿǵң
ǵ㣡
һλ˴ߵǰ˺ǵϵĺ첼дŵĵ㾳磺˵һ
ǽţתǽϵİţ¶ź첼ĺ޵ϣͨĿ飬Ϳ򵶹ĵģ壬ڵ㾳磡
һ̣϶Ե۹ѧԺӡȫĹˣؾϹλԺ⣡
λһЦһλ˽һͷոɱСţڷڽǰЦȵ˵ţɱٶȣѾѷ⣬ǱڰСʱ֮ڣһͷţ
һ˽ӿڵڵڶеıֳǵԤڣȤ״ӣҪΪǵ״ӣܸѶȵĿ顪ʮӣһͷţô
ԺⲻΪ
ȵʮ֮ڽһͷţˣ½ָ޵ѧﰲʮһͷţأ
ǸȥȵϣأԵ޵ϣãʮӽһͷţ̫ˣǸ㣬еκһˣаӽһͷţѧ
װǣʮô
ЦˣЦĶӶˣǰ⣬ΪⲻǺεѵ⣬û뵽Ȼóġ
һͷţֻҪʮ룬ʮߵȻǰչԼĴ𵶣һʵϿԼٶȣأԼҪ޷ܵأ˻ţ
һ

ڽµʱһλ˺Ȼɫֵȵϣȳȥ
ȵߺϸ۾ųһ˿⣬޵ϣҲ۹ѧԺʲôĿģֻǳʦֻ½ĵԡȵѾˣóʵҪǣҲԼķʽӦ
ֻλ˾ͿԼʵ
ֻñ쬵ġ
ȴڶݵѹ¶һ˿Цݣ㲻˽۹ѧԺֻҪӵгǱͿκݡﷸͼڣֻҪӵеǱǾͲݣ״ӣ
ͼҲԣ
з۾
һܵܣ֮Ǵȥģ
صЦЦϧû֮װȻһᾪȵصӡ
仰Ѿ㹻ý϶ͨĽʵγΪ̸ĽȣֻҪǱͼڣҲԣ
ȻԣƷͼʿ޵ϣЦԽأҪȣһţǾͿݣ˵ˣֻҪǿǱͼڡʲô۹ѧԺһн࣬ϰ߲漣ĵط
ҲЦˣǰɣƿʵС
ѵҲѾ׼˵һ볢һ£ո򵽵ĵ㵶磬԰ԼĽٶߵʲôز
Ȼλҵݡ
ϵֽʵңָһͷţǵҪ󣡵ûж֣ѷӳٶȵļ£λ˼ңÿ˶ӵаӽһͷţ֣ٶȻﵽʲôز
λ˶Ȼɫ䣬޵ϣѵ롭
һɣûƣҲһˣս˵֣


098 ܲĹ
ӵģӵġ
ȵé⽹ȥҲ淢һУ֪λԺ̬Щһ㣡
Ͼ⣬ȵڵѧʱҲʱǺ첼ֻ֮ʵʵ˵һ䣬λԺңҾͿ
λԺһЦʵˣϲʵˣˣⱲҲֻһʵĵʦˣ
˵صĻȵϽ˵ڶ⡣
ڶҲǶ̣ͬڽϵʮӣλԺȵϵʱСʱȵϵȷгΪʣСʱɵ˿顣ڵڶʱλԺû˵ʲô״ӡĻ
죬ԺǲӴ˶޵ϵѶȣ׼Խ̵
뵽Щڵ۹ѧԺĴ˵ȵԼԼظоͬԼֻܳΪһͨĳӣ޵ϣܻõһЩԱ֮Ϊ漣Ķ
ȻȵϸӽӵģȻҳˣ޵ϣǧҪƼ˵桭
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ʱéŴ򿪣λԺͽ˳ĸ˶һ΢Ц
Ժզ
һλ˳Ĭ˰ΣЦ㻹ǵǵʦһԺ𣿡
Ȼǵãȵһ㶣λԺʦ𣬽ܶ
˵ͷţȥѧѧã˵ܶ£һλŵӣ
ȵһ㶣ԺܶѾȥʮˣôͽܰ
ʵˣ㲻׾Ͳװɣܶ˹ŵӵ飬Ҫõ۹ѧԺ֪֮һװɣ
ЦЦк߽ѧԺһéݡ
ȵϻһͷˮ

ܼ򵥣˵һ֮һֻʮӾͽһͷСţλԺֻһ룡
λԺãȻڵϻȱݣǱѾԼԼԦˣδӦֻһССġ״ѧһ¾ѾʦսŵӣýϳǵСʦܣ
ȻԲ֪˵ֻͨѵĿ⣬ȻΪ˵۹ѧԺ֮еһССѧͽ
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ȤǣλʦֵĽʽиԣǼȲڵϣҲûн̸κһݲף෴ʦֶһԿף˵򵽸ߵĵ磬ԿȥŲֿ⣬һЩС԰򵽵ĵĲ㾳磡
ʦ֣ĵĲ㾳ǡ
ʦ̵ɽ˰˵˵˵ĵֻ᲻ԴȥɣŲֿڵȴ㣡
Ųֿ⣬ֻһۣЩȥҧλʦ֣
ֿȻǶѻɽģʮֻġƤܲ
ǽϻһֽκιߣѲֿܲȫ̳õ廨
ⲻǴֵұүô
ǣʱʦƵڱƮɭɭ˵ôҲΪʲôԼȥˣҵ˴򿪵Ĳ㵶Կף
ʦ֣
ϸҪ۵ʦڱ˴ţһЦ˵뵱꣬ʦʰֵܵİɣ׺ٺ٣ˮתֵҲʦ
#@
ϳܲѣָһֻֻһǧֻǧֻ
񶼳ܲζϵ˰£ɾҲʦ˵ġԿסʲô˼
ȴһ쵽飺Ҳǹʹ˵ͼҪǿʵֻܲϵʬϵûмһʬ壬ûչһŨȡȴڷ˼ţ
׼ȷ˵Դˡ˵һĵ֮󣬽ƺͲҪҲԼͼڵȼˡ
һýζЦѵķ֣
Ψһźǣϻ֪ƷͼʦĹھȻʱԽ

ףķСӾȻʱң
۹ѧԺĵڶʮ죬ϲʱ뿪ܲѣķίȵϴȥҵľ
ҵ˽ڹĵڶѧԺʮӵ·̣˹ȥֻķһϲɫصھſڣ޵ϣ֪ҴӦ鶼Ѿ
Ӧҵ飿
ѽѵǵʱīƣΪ˸ӳҴӦ㣬⸱ӳͷ㰲һóķһ˵һһڣŵѾˣάСƸ岽ţսıĲı١ȼ;ζһǵȵм١ܣ
Ȼˣ˵ʵæŸܲ򽻵ʵûȤһмٵݣüӺùЩϾܷǶָķô
ǽЦֵҲǵ۶вײˣķٵݣھѲɣ
Ȼᣬٺ٣֪㻹Ҫڵ۹ѧԺѧϰأķָž˵岽Ԥ۲ӣƽʱڼҡнټǣǷսλĲı٣ҲҸ벡üëѹ˵ȡÿ¶ʮöҵľãܵȼԱܵĴκ飬𣿡
ףֵǳ棿
ѵ㲻𣿡ķ˵֪Ҳأҫľ桭˵ˣһн񡣡˼Ťͷ˵ﱴ˹үĴٽˣҫæųﱸ⼸죬Ҳҡ
ȥɣȥɣ
ϻ˻֣ʮûлؼңĸһ淭žڣһԼļҡ
ǰ־ڶͨ޷˵һЩҵʿ֮ľ档ھ棬˼ڽȨ֪ģڵ۶״Ѫܵ˵ĿǰԹ㣬۶߸ȾѾһƽʮ򣬾ʧʮң߻нһƣݴ״۹֣ԭеʮ߸߸Ϊʮ
̶̵ĿͷһλѾý﷢࣬ٿȥ۹о˱ע⣬ҹŰйռżпܳ룬ģսսӣԤ۲ӣʱ̱ս״̬һս̹ӵȺ⣬۶ֵĹʿţΣԽԽ󣬶ԽսԽǿѾΪһս۹ˣһֹʿŵټ̻ؾ

ݾڣֻʣһʡ⻼˹۹Ѿǿлţ߶᧿ΣľأùѪʫ˵˵ǣ֮ˣӢ۷֮ʱĻֻǲ֪˭ʱӱ


099 ص
صҵʱϾŵ룬Ͽĸŵƹ첹·Աѧֹ֮ǰûоԴҵƽȻķչˣɯػǾһЩ첹ϴ̵á
һů˳ż׵ӣֻеľһȻԵϣȻͦţ˽ȥ
ѽأɯæеĻƣкѧԺѧϰÿȵϸȥĻƽ࣬𣿡
ЦһһӦÿĸеߣĸأԺǲ⡭
УУȽ˵꣬ɯߣĿҪԷ㻹ҪѧЩҲܳԺķѽķҲס
ϰѾ͵ĸС
ɯһǵųһ˿ϲĹâ޵ϣ㵱ˣ
ķæĸѾǹүĸˣְһžŵıƽأأҲǹүˣŵһҪѧԺԺÿµʮţƾȥľȡʮöҵľã
ҵ޵ϵҵ޵ϵ
ɯϲЦտСذƴߣ˲ϣҲһϲɫ
ⳡýϵ΢ЦƴģǼ˵һҫô
Ȼڲ񷿣ת˺Ժ
ɯŽϵıӰ֣޵ϡ
ʲô𣿡
ɯҪ˵Щʲôһק½ǣҡҡͷдŰɫ
ŶҲûʲôҪ飬ȥɣȥɣأɯæ˿ڣȽԶֵ˵أΪʲôǼ¸޵ѽѾˣ˵ܡ
ЦЦд裬ո٣أͲҪСˡ
ɯüͷһ壬ôС飬ϴû޵ϣڻ
ػҡҡͷŮϵİ֮⣬ɯ̾˿ðɣðɣٸ˵

˺Ժ֮װڲ𣬿ϣͷװһմӣٺ٣ལ
ʵϣװأˣûлӴʬˣֻʵʵһװɵ͡룬Ӣ޵Сֺǧ֪˼֮ͼװɵɣ
ǰɣǰɣϽҲصĲ˳۾һɣŭӽϣģ˵å㶪±Сʧٶʮ죬ȥ
ڵ۹ѧԺڼ䣬һֱڲ֮ҲǶװܵҪԭ򡪡ܣ߹
ףˣڸҷƢô
аضס˵ĴۿֱסƲ˵ţŹԡͷʲô쳣𣿡
ǰɣſ˵ϣһţǸʵͽСڹꡣ
ţʵܺã۲װСүǶ֥ܲǵߣܲٻ󣬾ͿͷĹ۲оˣָȹ۲һ£ҪΪϿ쳣ǾͲ壡
úĳСӣ
װάŴɵӣȦѾ
ϸûͷˣά˶أ˵ʬôˣ
˵ɴۿ˫ֱ֣ŷȻϡﻩɢصͷ
üͷתůıڻά˶ʬҲҪˡף⻹ǲðأ룬ˣ۲ལͻװɽȥάԵģԸάŪЩĲϡ˵ţϻǰԺĸкƤߺɫֵ˫ر뿪˼š
ڽߺĵӣ¡¡һ󼱴ٵ˳ҹɫ
ɯأ
һɫս׵ʿսվſںȵ뿪̫ǿʼҼҴѾǽµĿʱ䣡ҼҴѾûˣϸһ𸴣

άסڹһׯ԰ǰʮ߷Ӿأ԰һйʩӦоС
ݻׯ԰ͷԵתʮȦǺ۾ү󣬲ŷĵ˽ȥͨ˺԰άֵǣܼңﱴ˹үýֱüͷ˾ȻҲڣ
Ѿ˵ٴˣоǲУҪٸ⣬ͰĺƤ
άںͼܼҳܣЦѽѽ׵Сά˼ﱴ˹үˣһͬأ㲻һӣܲﱴ˹үֻȥɣ
˵ﱴ˹үү졭
ά˵ʱ۾һæڣô
ô
ϲ룬ﱴ˹ͼߡ
ߣ٣Ҳ磡άŭ˵ɫأڣ״ִˣ
ù֥ǵô
ϻǲ̲ӣʱﱴ˹ڴﱴ˹ֽЦѽ׵Ľأ̫һ˼ҿȻɫһڣ𲻰״ϣִáҶ鷳أ
һӺ˵𣿡
˵ɣ
ﱴ˹ӹŤͷһȻ⵱Լͯ͸а꣬ʱһӣһ̳ϴ꣬ǸϺ꣡
ҵ˳λ̳ˣȻ򵥣
ﱴ˹Լ࣬˹۹̳ңңĦңҶͬˮ𣡡״֮߷Ժԭ׾ܽڰǰͨһ׵СĦˣףѾĶԹˣҺĦҵġ̳֮ս
ΣҺĦͬΪߴ֮һƾУھʤĹؼǻҵ̬ȣ
ﱴ˹һ˿ͣҵ̬ȣܾ̬ȵġڣ˽۹ڵĴô
Ȼ˽⣬⣬ռŵ۹
ռŵ۹ﱴ˹Ѹٵ֥ŰѾɢ۹ȫռžųϻôսһսɽͱΪ۹ãԻʵ۱ڣֿ֧԰۹Ӯսɱ㡪ڣ
ѪܵĻȴûûεЦ˵ֵǲɣֻһݣֵߣƨˣǻҵô
⵭ıﱴ˹Уͳˡݶ治ɫĸַ緶ﱴ˹̸߿˽һۣЦڸ£̫ﰲЯֳ֣׼ﰲĹϵû֧ɱ㣬ǽ㣬Ӷֺﰲ
˵ҵȡҺﰲĹϵ
Ц˳
ﱴ˹ҲЦˣȡﰲĹϵôװĽڸ£ܸЩѣﰲĹϵõʲôز𣿡
ϵĻشأﰲǡﰲûҡʦ̫ǼǧΪ֤
ﱴ˹оһ仰㹻ˣʮ֮󣬵һͥ߷ԺٿֻҪ׼ʱͥ飬һ
˵ţվԼ
ѽѽһ𣬻ˬأָֻܼ޴ıӣ䶯۹״仰ͱöӦԼƻȱƣףһ
϶ƱںڵʱȻÿжһĴָС
ѵھ¶ˣ
ϺȻһʱܼҽЦⱭƣﱴ˹үĽӷأһСɾסﱴ˹ֱۣ鶼Ѿ˵ˣүҲûȥǡ
ɻĿ뿪˳ְĶóһ
ȻһĴָǴСʯ
ϲϤ½鱦ˮƽƾۿҲ֪žӨ͸ľʯһֵǵı
ȻϻصάߣʯϣάС㣬ﱴ˹͵͵һС
άϣﱴ˹ﰲĹϵҪ£㣬ֻҪͷ˵ʯٻȨɫҪ٣ﱴ˹ܸ٣ŤͷȥȻڣҪﱴ˹ߣҲ㣬˭Ҿһ˽ӵŮһУȲ˼ҵ˳λ̳أ
ʯϸһ󣬺Ȼ̾ϢȻǺöƾӦÿάСׯ԰ôϧϧöҪкã
˵ţϰʯά
άһ㡭
ңҲɵϣ
ָָԼؿڣöٶҪٵĴۣʸﱴ˹ֵһʯĴۣԣֻ鷳ҰʯͻȥඣЦЦﱴ˹ΣڲĹϵ
άЦһڲϵﱴ˹ͼϵ֮һһէжѣ˭۸
ɫͻ䣬ģЩˣڣҺͼܵӣ㿴ô
ϱͻȻһ仰˵һ㶣Ȼˡ
ܲܰһ飿ά˵ǵ켪ܶزܲ鷳ȥأ
أ
ŽɻĿ⣬άɬǸɫˣ뿪̫ǿʼһֱҪҰ͸ܾɾ޵ϵĸº֡ҧгݵ룬Ĵ翳޵ĸ˫ȣҪԼϳˣ޵͵úһڣﱴ˹Ҫ£㣬ֻҪ㱣أ;Բ
ô飬ؾȻûֵ
ҲûάȥˣҴҵظϻԼļңɸһߵӿڣĸ޺
ɱĻ쵰ػң
άո𼪼ܼңӺؾͳˣ˭µ֣ýֺͷҲóˣ
ӿѾժƤߣĸƤߡ
˵֥ǲԻ붯붯䣬ɱˣͱȫ׼


100 ڶػ1
ϲûȥĸ˺ԺĲ񷿣Ҳˣˣ
һ̣Щ˵ԼĸоƽĶۣزĴΣŮҲֻһͬһرչĸӣϾ;ãشԼûȥɯĸˣ
ٴ˵˽гѯʸղŵľҪǣץصĸˡܼ֥Ӵʮׯ԰ҪһһȥңµҵʱѾ
ˣûҵôڲˣƢʱ򣡡
ϵԽﲢûϤġǰɡǰѣֻʻսףȴ˵Ӱ
һ߹ǣԱ߻һͷָ
˵һĸץصˣ;˼Ǻţ
ףˣֵһл㣡
ϳ߹ǣ׷Ȼһ·ڣֱ治ʱ򣬽ּһָ߹ǡ
һ·׷һ·߹ǣ֮󣬽ǰһˢõɫĹׯ԰ֻϹһҶС֮Ժ
ǰɣǰɣ
˴һսǵĲݴ̽ͷյŶͷһåôӡ

ʱ˿̣Ժһϲ·档
رһţסֽţڴϣʧɫءؽšܼڴľǰŤذ˫ֻǰͷ˵ѽѽ˼Һ˷أ˼Һüأأһ£Ҫúõ˼ѽ
˵ţһƣߣ˵СףȺȱƺòѽ
ؾر۾
ߡ˼Ҿƣ㲻ȣǿ˼𣿡ؿڣ˵㿴˼ҵس۹˼ңܲٻѵ㲻ҵĵʮˡѽѽѽߺס۾ȵ˼أǵʮˣǵʮŷ̫̫أ
ػû۾ЦһǿصƤ˼أ˵ѽ𣿡
֣̿壬
صĴ۾ɫǼ֮Ȼ
㶯㶯ؿС֣ϲĺüɫ裬˼ңõѡأ
ؿԼϵ
˼أҹҪᣬء
⿪ϵţȻݸһƣ˼ҵСף˽ơ
ۣ
ͻȻƱһڼϣͻȻ嵽ǰһֻӣץһĴƬԼʺ
ȻضżĿȻģ˵ٹɱѣ

Ժ棬϶ڲݴǰüͷĽģ
ܼʵȻǿ󣬵ΪسԺضԸɵԼڣˣȡһЩİ취
ˣ
ƴװԼЩָ·߹ǣ̧ͷǰɡһå㡭
˷ӦͻȻ֣˵һ߹Ƕ·Լؿڣžǵڶ
̶̼֮˵߹ǾͶ˽ϵϣ׵ǣҲ˽ϵĺ󱳣ȥֻһȦ
ǰɣ
˾ȵصɴۿʱûм׵Ǻ߹ǣԴ֮䣡
ˣҴȥˣͲϣôһ˵һʣĹͷԼĶӦλȹڴȣǹƨɺ棬֮һȫ˽ϵ·棬˳˳ȫӰ콭ϵж
å㣬ȻñСܽӴ
һУϴҡڵ˱Ժţ˵ת漪ܼң
ǽڣȻ֣ǳ£ǱӦΪתڡǸܼҴڴһ𣿡νȻָء
װǣ˵ãϵǳת漪ܼңзǳҪ飬ϼ
£벻Ҫǡ
£¹ҵ
⡭Եȣȥ
ˣ֪ǻᵢ鵽ʲôʱ򣬸ҼܼҵλãԼȥֹЦǿԲ˵ҫҲһ¼֮֮֡
æͷܼںԺĸ¥˳ʯ·ߣͿҵ
ϴ˽һ·бںͻظšҵĻȻͨ˸¥ǰ
ѽѽСףʲôѽҪѰòѽ˼һأ
仰˿ػûͺãƿţ΢Цܼңϲ»֮ϲأ
㣬Ĳ
ϣؾϲĵɴ۾ͳһ֮ҹһİͻȻ˽ֻҪǸ˾ͻŭڣצش
װļܼңֲɱģʲô
Це˼֮䣬§ס˼ļС˵ܼҴˣһܱϸ˵йﰲġǲǣŮ˳ȥһȣ
ﰲйأ
һϾһܹҴܹܵĴˣԼԼоЩͷʵ̫ɣҲ̫
ʶԶ˺ͽϵľ롣
ʱ§סֻ֣ѾĴ̽һذ׹ǶУѾƻˣͳüɻʱϢɱȻ󡭡żƤð伪ܼңغԼҡڵ߳ȥ˽Ϊð伪ģȻ뿪Ժ֮һ˻ּᷢʧ٣Ҳһһ·׷鵽Ϻͷϣ󻼣ʱΣҲ˲ʲôˣϢأһһأѰ׹Ƕ͵˼ĺ󲱾
һ̣Ϊۼ̫ǵı֣Ҳۿά˼һơǻûʲôǿڰ׹ǶдƤһ˲䣬ͻȻоļ͵رͺһһȻҲ̲ȥˣ
ϲ֪ǣȷȼߣ̫˵˵壬Ҳǡһ塯Ĵˣ
֪һ壬ΣʱԶΪסԼһ

Ƥ˰׹ǶУŤͷڣɱңɱڣ͵شܳȥ߰ףײǽ
ˣһӲҪ϶ǼʮԺ׷ԼݣȻɱԼɱأɱɯ
ڽһĹ򣬼ԶݵԺӰȴҴԺ˽Ǽܼҵڣĸ֣һڶѲ߶ӱܼҴˣѲ߶ȥԮڡˣ
˵ӶǸߴ׹ߵļܼ߻ԵϸޱȣǣǵȴһֻŰƵľ޴ͷ
ο磬ˣˡ죬޴ĸͷͬʱ˽ؿڡ
ϱĵ˳ȥײƷץסϵһͻǿͣȻ³һѪȵסؿڣȴͷؿڣȻû


101 ڶػ2
ʱҲˣڵ֮ѾѸжʽ̫ͼ׼أƷ˼ͼڣóսɣһ־֮ƣӲӲ׼޿ɿܵĸһնɱ
ӲӣھȻֻ³һѪ

˻࿴һۣ޸ݶ糵תĸӡն˽ϡ
·ˣ
ֱˣ
Ҳ¶ָ˵ϣȻ¶һӲӵףǱأȫġˣ
ǡ
ǿˣڲһף½ϻףȻܵסԼֵ˵
ףȻͦ
Ҳʶ˾Լ֪ʱо˵ʱ򣬼ȻѾ˿ôؼתʽȫʱںһ𡣡ˣڻңڤ˲ڵı˫ֵİ׹Ƕдǵĺģ
һսԭͼڵİ׹ػ֣ػ
˾ڷսһڵת޸øһһµغڽϣͼ˺飬ǡ˱˲𿪹ûб˴֪ĹͷӲʲôزӲʮ£ȻȻ
ǽϳˣҵŬ˹һսУɭ÷֮ػ۸Լĸоȫù˼ɷ飬һζǿȻԲߵıڱƵ޿κεĵز
ҽڵ˶ʮ֮ܲŨҲǿһŵĵزһʮйûļ

ھȻͼڣ
ѾӵԺ룬ʮı֮£ĿɿڴƴĽϣʧ˼ҵڣɶƷͼʦһ˴ѽѽھ˶ʵǶٵȼأ
ټֵҿ϶Ʒʵʱֳս
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102 ڶػ3
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ڰҲֹ㣺ǰɣå̫åˣҪѽåõڶػĻݣȡѴѵĺôѽۿЦзˣСƵ룬


103 ٷƣô
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磬ڶһ磬üܼԡɱ˾šɱлͣ˽ӴĻᣬƫƫѼ¹ϵĹԱ˹
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Ʋ˵˼ӭȢص֪ţӽأ谬ɯ裬޵ϣҸ磬
һ仰㵽ֹԱᣬɯõһݾڣдţɯ޵ϣ˵ļȼΪĵȼԱͬʱܼ˽˵壬۶ׯ԰Լ۶еһǧҵıƱ͸޵һң
峿õϢǷľһ飬٣޵ϣȻһԤ۵ıܲı٣
Сʱ֮󣬽ܵ˼ļνϹƵдţӾ޵սдڼ壬ΪԤ۱ţı
ıʽȫ֪ʲôģ׷һСʱףԭţϱӵʦı㵽طҲǸίǴĸ߸ɣ
ף
һǮɻķʲͷüܼٴηųȥ˵ѽ˼Ҷ˵谬ɯ̫ǵʱûٱ۸һķСչأ˼Ҳķʲôְѽ
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ԽϱѼԼߣԲκοˣ
޵˵ݿǡ
ʲôݣǻʵ۱ˣҲҽڵȥôװ
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˶٣常ٲãҲǸһĴˣֻҪҸӵСƽǸܵһҵڵģ
˵ţ޶ɫض˵ת漪ܼң˵޶һ壬̸һ̸Ǽ飬в֮󼴽Ǽ£
ܲӣ۾һɣҲʲôݣ˵Ͳ
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޶ӱֱţҲӲҴܹܵıԺ㬵ת뿪岽֮һӰҴҵش߹СĹҵ˵ļ
üͷһ壬Ͽˣǵ۹¹ҫŵĽķЦԭķ
ķһﲻֱƿ˴ţ˼Ľ
㾹ȻӲܼҵıԺ
ſڵҪķ˵֪ҵȷӲܼҵıԺׯ԰Ѿ޵ϣķӲ޵ϵļңô
⡭
ӣ޵ϺķǴһӳõĺһƵǣ²ʲôܣĲķ룬룡
ߣķﳤ˽ȥһڵܲһЦ޵ϣ㻹Ǻ飡
žһ˽ǰˮϣʵʲô˼


104 ҲԴԴϡ
װķǡ
Ͽķɫüŭ壬ķϢ˵ŵ٩Ļ
ҽ֪ҲϡĽ
ķָŽеİǾ飬н롮ɸƣͳͳ㣬ķûֵܣ
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ѵŶͷ
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ķָŽϵıӴһ໰Ȼŭ޵ϣǶū֪ľȻء
ϵͷЦһʯͷķ飬سͷûдǹѵı֣ȴݣ˵ʵֻܰ

һ̾ϢٴðǸѾֹܶεͷ½ûɱͼڲӵԼڱֵز
ڽΪ֮ʱ˹Ž΢΢һЦȻݸķһ
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ͳһŤͷء
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ؾдʲôȻͷϵķԼѴ
󿴿ָֿûԼʹץסͷףĳֵ

ֱķɸдһ飬֪дʲôķ磬粢ûгңץס˼ܼҡʵһŮˡİѱŸҰһȫûΣյĸ߹ݡҺͼͬãΪǱܺ𣿡
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صģص磬ģ
ȻðǰԣȻķļ飬޵ϣ֪ɸͨ½ǿֵ֮Ľݾ
ķдŵʱһǳ˷ܣּɷ裬ҽɸ֮ĵСʱͻƷͼʿĽ׶ΣڣѾΪƷʯͼʿ£ҾƷͼʦ
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һڻɣͼڵɸ棬Ϊʲôܰʯٽɣķи˴𰸣֪ɸǿһУعҡùķƶֵɱУ
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ʮӺ󣬼˿۵ѽѽ׵ﱴ˹ү˼ҿ㡭
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ﱴ˹üͷһ壬ɵؿɫᶨļеĹɫһ첻㵽ʱ˸ĸڼǰ˵£һںİӣͥʱˣͨάϵڣͥһĵһ죡
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ɬסѽѽĲ˼˵أ˼ң˼ûʲô
ʲô
ﱴ˹İŭһҪˣʱûɡģģԭشתŭָüģҲʲô취֮ڣطȻսʤϡҵĻ񲻳ɣҲߣ
˵꣬ﱴ˹ﳤȥһ߾һصľ޴ĽͷĿѣ
ϡⶼʲôﱴ˹˼ܼǷˡϵĻɰܣ
ף
Ҫд鷳ˣ
һ˲伸˴żܵͷҡҡͷܣҲ˵ҵ鲼½ԼӲڵһС
ӾأʮöһĹѵԼܷЩһ֮ôѵԼҪĸرԭΣһʵֻܳԿʲ˵ĵһȵƶô
һĿﱴ˹ȥķļļ򣬡װαүǶֵȫǷɻ̤½׷ɱһ˵ļˣԸļ㹻ͦߣȸȥʲô

ͬһʱ䣬ﱴ˹Լ
ﱴ˹ɫ죬үܼҴ˲˳ô
ˣ˾Ȼûȵȣ
ﱴ˹üͷǰ죬ɱ޵ϣ죬޵Ͼͳĸԣ϶⣬³ܼӼ޵ϵһһ̱ң


105 
ݻȨĽģҲƵġ
Ҫ塮ʲô򵥰취ѯʣԣ˼ǰĸˣüʵѽѽǶ˼Сءô˼ҵ

ϸհѻ⼸ƽﶥײ˼ҲܵͷĹ˾ͻæˡ
һͷĵѪ޵ˣǴǴˣźʮϣһʹ𣿡
Ͼȵصɴ۾˸˵ĵطԼСӵһʲ֪ԭ⼸͸Ͳ֪ʲôһʣҲ˵˳һľ壬»˭ѽվ˼Ҳϲڡˡأ
Ժ󣬼Ҫ˵֣˼ǣǸϽɱɣ˼ûȤǷϻأ
˲˵ʲôǣʮ߶ׯ԰
ǻ̸ԼЩռһĻļɣֵҵЩļǲǾҵˣ
ţڼĲֿ﷢˲پܼĶ
磬һܺأﱴ˹үԭǼĵ˳λ̳ˣһǰﱴ˹ͬıɱԼ磬ųΪ˵˳λ̳ˣôõڶ̳Ҳ⡣
磬ǰܼһλˣҩλ۶ʮ֮һɷ򣬽λɱѳ顭̬ȻϸݣҵһλеͼڣȻͼͼڶáͨ顯ٻ˶һΰͼʽľxxo
ͼڣȻСͨꡯ
Ͽ˿Լ˫֣˵ֵҽǲҲҸ깵ͨأȻյصͷй
ҹܼҵĵׯ԰
ϸմһ鷿Ҫȥһ鷿һߣһߵļԹαүǶҪܱһЩǰļͺ
׵أ˼ҪǱһּ䣬㲻д鷳
һ˿ڸǵǣαүǶǰԸ񣬸𽥱ֳһǻۣڵ۶̳ʮǧͼڵһҺ绽ǻۣ

ͻȻ֮䣬ׯ԰һ̶Ľ֮нУ˸оս¡¡ĽźѪ
ϵҲ֮ӿһ̣Ȼս߾ٳǹѪȷսϳɱݺᡣһˣûֵѽѽùֵأ˼Һ޵

һͷ׵İͻȻǽͷͷͺ붼ؿڣ˫ֻ߾һһ˸ߵ٣ЦҵġѪȾɳһȻ治ɫѾĵһ㾳磡
ϼһ֪뵽ﱴ˹ĻüڳѾϲ˵ӣԼ̽˵֣ĪǾǹܼҴ˽Ҫսġϣ
һ仰ܵҵ˭
һһü˵˿˼εСֵܣ޵أ׵ϣ㲻ڼ׼ҵľ˼ʲôѽ
Ҽһս֮ǰһӣȤô
ǽͷϣٺǰ˳ʮָϡֶԽ˵ˣ֮𻰣ûƷͼʿϵʱرܰɣˣ

˵⻰ʱһּɣȴ𾪡
ʵϣǡƷ֮ͼʿһֹɱﲻΪģھʽʼ֮ǰһܼҵʵˮƽ
ղһѪȾɳһͨɱƷͼʿӣɼ˾Ȼ治ɫ
ѵѾΪƷͼʿô
һҹꡯ
뵽ϵսѾӿˣʮָңǾ޴٣Ȼ˿˿Ĳ֮һֹеŮԹϣ˼˽
һԶĽϵеĪγ̸ȣʿԼţ
ԼѾܿ˼ʮףȻܵӰ죬ҧ⵭ȻۼܼңֻЦеϣһЦ˲ӣ
ˣᱻ
겻㾹ȻܽӵһҹꡯԭѾΪƷͼʿˣҲֻƷͼʿܽһϵٶȶȻӿ죬һڣ
ϣһ֮հɣ
ͻȻׯ԰һͬƢ֮УʮλŮɫĻƯԣȻڵ̳һֱͨǰʻ̺
С㣡
ϺȻٱڱ󣬳ʻ̺Ա΢΢Ƿ
֪ʱһλɫȹṲ̊˵̺֮ϣò֮Ҳضãֹ͸һҹеĸ߹ĮŮһͷܵҼҡ÷մС㡣
ʱԶڼʮ׿⣬òָֻƾԼǻ۽Цһֵѽѽ׵÷մС㣬˼ҾĴμ桭
ⲻĻˣΪܹܣҼС㣬ôͻȻ˵
ؿԼ˫֣̾ϹѽôС㣬˼Ϳ
ߣٴߣĿҲɻλ˳ҵūţҼС㼴ﱴ˹үɻ飬ĸĸֻһϹô£
ĸ
Ѿͷﱴ˹֮һ
ԶĽ仰ﶪһѶϢαүǶҽҵˣ죬أǲŮˣ
̵۾ϣĲҼѽ˼ҼĸȻҪ¹ǡ÷մС㻹ûмأ˼Ҫ¹ˣ񲻲˵ţ߰ͷ׶ߵ÷մ÷մС㣬أ˼̽ʵģأ˼ʲôѽ
÷մ°ͣ˵ղ̸£ҽһ壬֪ͨǸһ壬ǧԼ֮Ѿٽϵľֻһʼ
ɫƮ裬÷մʮλŮĴӵطϰգǰмؿɻļ˵仰ת޶㾡˵һս飬ݣ
÷մԶԼĹͷҲͷѾߵĽϣˣ÷մ˵ʲôѽ˼أ
ʼ磬Ҫ˵ԼҲȻһɭĮˣ޵ϣѾѼܼٻΪĵڶػˣ
򣬻˵ʹڳˣ
ͷҲص˵ʵѾǰ
ˣ޵ϣҲҵģ
ʹȻ棬ΪŭһһüȻҵĴֵҸö
Ҳ˵ңһǿУɸͱֻһЩ鷳Ķ֣
һƬ÷մСµϺɫ꣬ڽϣ㶮ôꡯʥ˵Ķűǡģٻ˭ãƫƫٻһĴˣ˭ãƫƫʥһ޵ϣʥ˼Ҳô


106 ͼ

˫鰴һ޵Цݡ
Цµ㾹ȻЦó֪ηǡѾɵˣ
Ҳ뺦£װĹүǶֵҴū˽죬ʵʵĴܹܵλãҲѾһҵģһӭҵģҲþһа취ػ
üȥˣŵһŵƫڰƤϣ˿ѩɽβ裬Ц˵˵˵ɣ鷳ﵽʲôز
޵ϣˣϲӣ
ԵĺһŹΣⶫ͸øˣһɣ鷳صʲôزȿ
ϽӹһֻһӲӵĺ鼮
Ƥһд֣½ͼס
½ǿߵȫˣϵüëһ
˼ˣͲǿߣȫˣ


˵½ͼסľһδ֪֮ƪֱǼءٽ޷жʵ֮ǿߡɻƪءпܴǿߡĵƪмءȻʵ΢Ǳˡδƪ
Ϸ˵һҳɻƪ׵еľһľ֣ﰲ
ɻƪĵһﰲ⼸ͼڴٽҪﰲĵȼ޹ֻܸһɲ⣡
Ϻ˳һٷɻƪֻƪĵһ֣ǷǳϤŬ˹ɽ
ȻδƪȻпԼĴţڣĿǰΪƷ˼ͼʿȻȼ΢ýսɣԤƣпܳΪƷͼһǿߣ
ŽڣһĿĵ֣ά˶࣡ɽƷżͼʿȻѾţά˶ڤ˵ʣԻᳬԽ丸˹ΪƷͼһǿߣ
ά˶ྐྵȻǱʬ塭
һٿȥδƪоȻᵽάάƷżѩͼʿʹˣֻ˽֮Ůòӡʦָ㣬пܴﵽĸ߶ȣ
ĸ߶ȡ


ĬĬط˵һͼ׵ڶʲô


ڶֳơͼڵذ񡯣ش½ͼʦζָָһ֣ɽ˹ذλǿߣƷżͼʦͼ磬ֻһ֮ң


ôһأ


һֳơͼ񡯣ͼһǿߣ
ɨͼϵ֣һȻǡؼ壬죬Ʒżͼµһǿߣ
ڶǣռŵ۹ĿԪ˧Ʒżͼδ֪Ѳ⣡ܵı֣µڶǿߣ
һ·Щİ֣µھǿߵЩȤˣǮ࣬Ʒ˼ƽͼһǳŹֵǮܽ˼ϣЩ׬Ǯ飬Ҳȡ鶡ˣΪͼĵλǿߣ
һ׬Ǯµھǿߡ
Ц˳ͼףָָԼĿڣǿߵˡҵ鷳ʲôϵ
ͼףˣֵָͼȻ׼һУǱϵµһǿߣֻƷżͼ½֮ϣѾ߹ˡ׾Ʒʮһͼ֮·Խͼ֮·յ㣬Ϊ㲻Ĵڣ
ˣʥˣ
˹۹Ŀ֮˹ȻЭĴʼˣͶʮɽ֮ǰĴ½أλʥ˵֣
أղ˵ģ÷մСйصأ
˹۹֮ǰʥ˼ͳһԭ֮½ǿȵʱǿһ𣬹£ǡʮɽˣ
Ԫ꣬ʥڴܻᣬһͬʧ٣˵ͬھˣҲ˵Яȥߵľˣ֮ʧ٣ʮɽ漴ķѣЦһҲֻǼ֪ȥ֮ǰѾָļ̳ˣһ֮ͼڣҲ÷մȡ
ǣµһԪ˧ȣһͼûصȻ䣬ɱ÷մȣ
ϵͷ˵÷մ֮䣬Ѫ𣡡
Ѫ𣬻Ҫһ䣺ڸһ壬ʵʥϵͳˣ
Ц䣬ϧȻɹûأʮɽ𽥳Ϊһɢˣյʢչ죬һȻǱΪصͳˣûԼֻһϵ
Ͻӹ÷մڵһ壬Ȼͳ屻ᣬǲŻٰѼһĴˣ
˶٣װĵ㻹û˵һĳޣʲôϵʮɽʵˣ˼䡭
죡
͵ס˵
Ц𽥱󣬡ˣ޵ϣҪˣҵõȷеϢصִӣдĻعЦ⣬뵱꣬ͳһ½֮ʱɱϣӲ飬ֻҪǵˣһնݳ޵ϣٻ˼͵ھصļ̳֮Ϊ֮ɣ
ϵǳ˳飬ףǺ鷳أҿԲҪػ
ƲϵЦһûн̹ôһѼٻΪڶػ꣬ͼ꣬Զһ𣬳¾صǣ򣬼Զҳϵػ޵ϣô
ðɣӮˣ
ϵݸһβ裬װĵҵʦһа취Ҷʥ˵ŭô
ҽĿģ
ȻΨһǰģֻصļ̳ˡһ壬ֻ÷մ벻ϧһдֺۣ÷մһΪѣ
Ȼأ
Ȼ飬Ȼ˵

һĪĻ⣬Ȼ͸һݡͼʦ׶Ρؼ
˵˽ϵĽٻĵһػʱûʲôرı֣ʵϣֻһͨǿߵĺǣֻǰԸЩѡǵᵽֵҽ˵۹ѧԺڵܲн֮ʱȻ̾۹ѧԺǸõطλʦܲǣ
ϵͷߵĿǷؼ档
ֻҪؼȥԼܿͿԽͼʦô
һϲȻԸ˲ôԼƫлչؼ
ﻹһʣһΡĸ۸ؼô
˼ӣĸûйʧ̾˿ȵĬĬ
ɯûô

ֻǱˣ
ףʲôأԱ
װŰɯΣ˽ϵĴ⣬ʱѾȫ˺ͼֲ˵ĸ԰ɯһ·ĿŵȻ޾壡
ཹԣԱ޵ͻƽ࡭
ɯЦе˵ţȻ˽Σѽҵ޵ʲôããȻط
飡
ʣװһ𣬾ȻЩȻΪƶʧȥսڣ彭ϵƣɵһǰ׹Ĺˣ׹ĹʹѾʧ꣬Ĺôܡ
ʱɯҡͷߣǻ쵰۸ҵ޵ˣָһ
װ˲װɵҲӰɯǸӣ޵׹ĹȻģҲ
ˣ
ɯݺһĶװĺף˵
װþһ㱣ƾƲȫļ˵ҲأһУǡ׹ݵġڶ㡯е˹·߸
ҲⱾؼãҪ޸𣿡
ɯɵЦʡ
װٺɵЦŴ𣬡ѽѽӦøġȻĳɡʥǸ𣿺ٺ٣׹Ҳϡ⡯ɡǧ׹ףô֪Щأ
ͷԴʵ벻ˡ
һӣ
һЪʧ֢һЪԻ֢ͬش󺰣ģ
޵ϣǿһؼ

뵽ˣĸٴ޸ؼû뵽ĸȻ⺷һɵ˰ͷ
һƵس˽ֶϵؼɯۣããⶫٵ޵ϣҪΪΰͼڵģܱ㣡
ͷչҲһۣҪԱླྀõأེööıòѽ
һͬؼǰ棬ץһϵĺǸ㣬ú֭ؼ˸Ŀȫǣ
һľؿһУǲʣĸƾʲô޸ؼͷΪʲôҲһɣѾʹٴˣÿһΣǰɯ˵ؼͻȻ裬ͷװɵʲô˵
һЪԻ֢һЪʧ֢

İɣİɣܸĳʲô.


107 ڹѸ
ʮ֮󣬰ɯͷһλŮĵﷸٺٵ뿪ƫǰֻʣһĿȫǵؼʹ֮޸Ĺؼ
ͼʿͼʦؼֻһ㡭
ؼĵԼ࣬ʿֻսʦȴܽȻͬԪսӡʿΪʦֻҪȻ繵ͨ
Ȼ
϶Ȼˣͼʦľ磬ʵԼǿѾﵽ༫ޣҪǿͱ
һ㣬һˮɡڵܲʱ㹻޸İؼΣ;ǰһѣΣȻȫë׿ںչˣ
һɹɵ֮ë壬ϺȻоԲʮ֮ڵһһľı䶯Ѿƿ֮У
оˣڽ׵ĵطһ߱ǰкŮʬ壡
Ʒͼʦľ硭
ϻһȻȥؼϴһؼͬΪ򵥣ȴޱʵõУ
һУ׹װףͼʿ׶εΪں˵ķһΪİ׹ף
ڶУڤġӰߵٶȣûӰԹѷڱķˣ
Уǧ׹׹Ƕеǿ󹥻֮⣬ٻԲʮ֮ڰ׹ǲкγɰ׹Эս
μеؾؼϾֻʣ仰Ͽ仰Цʹһ¶ͷ
һ仰ǸϢͷּдȱ࣬Сʥһɶͼһǿߵ飬ݣʥ¡
ڶ仰ֱýЦĺϲ£죬Ʒͼʦ֮󣬾Ϳٻͼػ
仰뵽ά˶࣬ǰά˶ʬ壬ͼ
ĵ仰ýޱȰգΪĸдͼʦһصԣͨ䣬ͼʦ߻飬壬һЩ˺ͻɵ顣
仰һ˵ǽṹȽ⣬ʱأпܡ
һرԭ֮½ǵȷйģձΪ֮γɵһ״̬Ȼ£ܷĴڡ
⣬½Ҳһݹ䣬䲢ûɫʣֻһȥ
Ȼ䣬ȻҲоá
ףֵһûнʹԸһֻ
Լĺ󲱾ֻЩȻ˵ˣӽཱུܼһһ
ǰɣ
˵Ŵۿڴ˳ƿţ׵أΪʲôҪѽ
ָָؼôбºĸһ۸ؼͷԲ򵥣ѾץˣӸǱǸɵˣֵֻܼʲôӳˡ

ļ죬һֱڼׯ԰Ѱܣ˸Ĺ֮⣬ȴһ
ֵһǣͨĶµĻܾڣü˽˺ܶ࡮Լǰ飬ҵѽҲٻ¶ˡ
312գﱴ˹ү»ǰҹ֪˼ϵľ顪ԭΪǧͼڵһңڻ죬ͼٰ̨һϵе䶷˵ˣǴҴһܣףҫľʥĻ
ܼҺϵľͶ˻ĵһ
ҽϻһ˿е֪ü»鵱һһ˼˵÷մҪҴӦܾﱴ˹Ļ
Ҫ飬ȵüܼҴһܡ
ڼׯ԰ӾرߣǸ˵Ϣ֪ͣ÷մΪʲôô
޵ϴˣүǵ˼֪ѽͿЦ֪ȥʼܼҡ
ˣֵȥϻ˻֣ðɣװˣ
޵һһ飬ȻֻǸţΪ˼ܼҵİȫұתܼҴˡ
бֹˣºΣգ
ǵģ൱Σգ͹ҿ˿Ȼѹ÷մСˣﱴ˹үҪӭȢλˣһλôʾ˵ȥһλˣ˹ءһλĹѸ
Ѹ
˵꣬վﱴ˹ǧͼڵһҵļ̳˰һλӣҲһĴС㣬ʥǧ˿ϵ÷մݺͱ£ﱴ˹ȻݣӭȢһڴ½¹кںٿԵĹѸң÷մﾹȻϴӦһѸһ򣡣
޵벻Ҫȣ˹ط˲һѸ
ЦԷǵ֣ȻһֻɴƣЦ˹طˣŴλ飡
ŴΣϹͣﱴ˹ӣȢһ޹ŴεĹѸһʲôѵɰɣ
ǵģ˹طǸѸͬʱ̻Ĵɶ͵Ʊָ˵˹ط˵ĲƸѾﵽˡ
ϲ˽½ϵĲƸü˼ǡ
ֻҪ˹ط˸ˣó㹻ʮӳľúʳ˹ط˿˴½Ҫĸóͨ۹ľеװԴϣҪ˹ط˹Ӧ⣬۹ŰߵҩƷ̣Ҳ˹طС֮ܶȥĴ½ʮ󸻺аϣ˹طڵλ
ѹﱴ˹ԸӭȢһֹѸ˭Ȣ˹أ͵ڿ˴½һֵľ
ڽϾ֮ʱ˵޵һͬѣ˵˹ط൱ֲ˽ڹѸ
ڹѸ֪һרŶɱɷĶ֩֡
ûڹѸһ֩ƵŮˣ޵֪˹ط˵ĲƸô
ηǰŮ˹ط˵һγޣ»鵱ҹɷһλӾͻȻһ𣬶Ӿз̳Ҳˣ˹ط˳Ψһļ̳ˣӾȫƸ
ʮ֮˹طٴγޣ޸һλĸ̣ɻ»鵱ҹǸ̺ļ̳ȫ⣬˹ط˵õǸҵŲһǰ˹طٴγޣ»鵱ҹӵӵɷ򡭡̾˿Ѹ˵˹طÿһΣͱض»鵱ҹɷȻɷӴŲŮ˾һĺڹѸ
۾˼
ͼ޵˹ط˵ĵʮγˣﱴ˹үǼڼҪѣҪﱴ˹үҲڹѸˣҲᡭѴˣǧ
֪ˣȥɣ
ϴˣŴҲ᲻֪Ů˵Ŀֲﱴ˹ӭȢڹѸСүǶ׬ǮҪˣյĶͷʥ˵÷մ״½ĺڹѸҪȨѣαүǶļ򡭡ҪټͦһЩѽ


108 ͥ
峿һĨ⣬֥ǵĹĴϣŵһƥ˳Ⱦİڽɳ̳ɵĴ·ϡ
ǰԶ˹۹ʵĸʽʹʹ棬һ˹۹ȨĻҪ϶ʮףӰʹĲɣűűĴϹһҶûжôҡĽ֣ûʲôдšǧһҡĹ°λҶֻ赭д֡ɸ磬˹ǣ
ʷ
ǧͼڵһҵܲô
ǫصͷдӢ۷ᱮĹűûߵļ˵ȥɣЩô
ﱴ˹ү»ϲ֮գԼܼŵҳϯĦ
Ƶǣϵһ»ҪϯһֻͥܰѼ͵ſڣʣµ顭ϣ֮ͥǰʲôʰ˵̯Ӱɣ
ܻûв϶Լı֣˵ʵûסµֻӲͷƤȥˡ
ѽͷİɣ׵Сһֵʤ߹
ܼ׸˽һۣŮζľٶĽЩ°
ҵѣˣﱴ˹ӹűǰӭ˳һĹؿ۽ϣһ㶡
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ڣô
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˶٣Ҫӣ߷Ժ¾ҪȱϯУȻ׷ӵ۹ɵˣ
߽߷Ժ·άʱ˵֪ˡ
㣡άȵŽϵıӰڣһҲżô
Ѿ֪飬бҪżô

ͥ߷ԺһУƿ֮ʱǡǿķͥ´ʣķٴˣҽĳ´ʣ˹ָؽɱά˶࣬ȴֻó䵱֤ݣڵ۹ϣΪ˱ԭݱ棬ԭ۸ܣǡǡΪ֤ݣ෴ṩپʮλ֤ˣ֤ά˶ֻʧ١
ˣѾĽ᰸´ʣ
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ϸҲڿ۽ϣһ˿ײ
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ˣұ뾯㣬ǵ۹߷Ժ
˵ôľ鳣ʲôﰲħҵ֧֣߷ԺεĽɱǷҪɶĲþһ˵跨ͥĻ㽫߷Ժ
Ĵˣԭҵ
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ǵģٹϿ˱һ˼ĦҵļҶԳˣнȻɱ˽ڣ򡭡СԺ;Ŷ
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ѾڿˣҲеΰǱ¡ɱı¾ΣľȨЩ˫ĸ򣡡

Ϣҵ̾ϢƬһһϢ
ʱһԺĹԱϲɫҴҵٴˣϢϢ
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109 ֮
׵¹ʦͻȻУеĽһ㲻Ԥ֪Ӱ
ʱ˿̣ϻһνľ˵Щͷڱϯϡ
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ŶӮⳡ˾֮󣬾Ҫ뿪۶ô
Щ͸ϵ˵ʽӶ˵𣿡
Ȼǣ㼱æ˵ʲôϺȻֻ۾ϵװ˸£ʥķͥҳľ¥ݣ˵лȹ˾֮ô
˱ѵ˸ѪͷڨڨһЦȻգǣǣСֵ˵ǣǴˡ
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λѾ˽
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˵ţά˶໺һֻצεԼͷϵһǷУףɽ̫ӣֻһɮ򣡡
ˣ
ҪץסԶȥά˶࣬лҡͷʧãã˺С
ƮȻȥѣһƬ쳾Ҷ
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ж˵ѹµȻȫӵ۹ɵϣ̳ɱգΪơά˶࡮š֣׳нԼͳͳ
Ȼлͷ޸ĵġʥҪⶥطϻ޷жǰŪ٣

ϻһССʣ񼪼Ѿɥʧǰļ䣬ȴԸǻһά˶࣬ҲӦñǰԸ̸ά˶һηǰԸĻѻûϵǣά˶ಢû˵λѻ෴ԼһɮĽڣ
ά˶࣬ղһιĻѻôģ
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һһУһһģĪ춨ҺοƤα֮ѣ
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ĸά˶ô

۹߷Ժ˹߳˷ԺţıЦڿޡ
£ǷҪȥ׷̫ӵ£
սѯ˹ȲͷҲҡͷ̾˿ս˳ά˶뿪ζһ·׷ȥ
Ǳ΢ظӣֱ֮İο£̫ӵ±ˡţ̫ӵĻţʲôҪ

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ǵͷ̫һΣͥһΣĩѾѽڵζ˹ͷϣ
ôȥؼ壬ȥһﱴ˹֣


110 ɱּɱ1
Ҫȥ׷ٽô
жͲҲӷԺ߳˵ĶԻЦе˹
һü緢ӣ̫֮׵ӡɺѾĦӴľӢŶ֮ȻˡһͷԾһг࣬лӴĦҵĸ߲㣬Ȼõжʶһ·Ѿж˵飬㵽۹ľλȼҲһڻʵǰվ˵Ĳ壡
ҪҽڣСֶһ㲻
Цһڴ˿̱ضȥμﱴ˹ĻˣҶԲãû죬ºѽҵĴšСֶǽڵ϶ˣԽ˽࡭ǣǡСֶҲҪжҶȥҺϲһͬȥ
Ǿ͡࡯ˣ
˹˹֣ǰǰʳ˻ͼڣڡ
Ħҵףҵҫ׼ķ˿ǱΪ۹ٶȡ̳ǣ
׵ͷŸոտʼ
ҶҲ̫ˣ
Ŀ׺ԶȥһĦҵļҳжŭ˵û״ǰȥϲԸǰңֱҫ
٣׵Ĵ֮
ж̵Ц˾ˣĦұ˳氲սʼˣҲ˳棬ֹƿص۹Ȩҳû£Щ飬Ѿ뵽ˣҲţСһϲԴ͸̫ŵСŶ
Ƕ۵ıӰڶԼ˵Ҳ´׵ˣ̫ûʲô͸һµֱ۰ɡ
Ħ΢΢ɫ䣡

Ļķڣﱴ˹еĹˣ
ʵϣֻﱴ˹ͷһ죬ҪǾǽмˡĶ֮ҹҪڵڰºϡ
ʮһϺά˶ңʱƵıڹű⣬֣ύϲ˶ӣһһǲûзѶͻű
ûȥҾļںȾʱŪ·˴ά˶һϴҡ

ϰһͰˮԼϣ죬ףģ
庮䣬ñܺǹˣҪ׹η庮ĳƤңѺ쳾
ά˶һɮ붨Ƶ˵
ϰһͰˮά˶ͷϣȲʲôװүǶ˹׷ֲ̫ˣܿͻ׷벻ץϽû·ˮڸԼϢ
˵ţ½ڵװ磬ȡص޵ϵ·Լϣֶά˶һһŵƤߣʲôϻ·
һ߳ƤңҪٰڣο࣬ο࣡
ά˶ҡͷѾɷ˵һʮͷĸ߸ʿסڿʼ޵ϼҵĻͷ졪
˵ţͰ𣬰ѿܱ˹׷ٵģ滻ȫͰ

ͣͣ
ڽϺά˶ǰ뿪Ӿصʱһˮϴҵˮ˳˻ͰȻˮһΪ͸ˮˣ
ﱴ˹ǰʼ˼ӽϵһһˮ˾ҵظ֣ﱴ˹үűڣ
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һԹսﱴ˹Ѿ¶ʤЦݣĿͬڹս÷մ
Ҫ֪켪ʤΣϵ÷մǷļ޸ﱴ˹ﱴ˹ʤȯգ÷մĳƺıˣˣԺһˣٴȥ˺硭
һûаܣ
÷մﻹû˵̨ŭ겻㾹ȻֿܵͨɱƷͼʿˣǾٽһ硯
ۣһѪϣɫʱҰ׵ͬã˭ҲˣǴ׼Լ޷ܵɱƴˣ
漴̨˼ٵĶ
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ģҾ;⼸켪ľֹŹ֣һ޵йأ޵ϣҵĻҪˣҾŹ㣡
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ﱴ˹üͷ΢΢ά˹ũһūȻǺ䶯۶ĽڡȤ»֪ô
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111 ɱּɱ2
һͷǧͼڵһҵܲΣԿ˵˾ѾˣֻһҶһʽΣ˵Ҷ䣬Զһūܣ
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ﱴ˹һ㶣ЩԼϲıͣϴˣתߣ
ǴүƢԼȻӣ˵һЩ͵ķϻʲôƢ
Ϊ˶ӣϧϡѹҲҪ̫ǵɽ֮
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ﱴ˹ݣȻЩҲûʲô˵ģʱ˿̣ﱴ˹Ϊϣˡ̫ľɺޣȻŭסѻ˵ߣ

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Ŀʹϧٴ̧һɫìιᴩ˹Ҽ磡
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׼æ˹ȻԣﲻүӿĦҵϡ
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ﱴ˹֮Ϣʱҵĸ߲²ԱͺϲıǣϲĻΧ֮С
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Ϻά˶໻װϣűĽǶһž˼̧ȥҵϢ
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ҽʦϵͷ˵ԭȹϵϸλС˵־Ļ쵰
ţȥɣܼҽˣҲҽʦ֤ܼҴƽ£
ϻ˻֣ҽʦ뿪ȻڼԱߣĴ飬ſǻˣװαүǶ˰ôܻòãֵȫҵҸָأڽϽ֮ʱУά˶ȴһĪ΢ЦһǰһḧһļĶͷʩڽˡ

Ӻ󣬽ڼ˼֮ڡ
ңֻǱһҶ˼ͷţڹͷϵʧȥϵŦŵ»һ֢״
֪˲飬ڽѧڽ˵ֻ׾ٵ飬ֹ˼ӣѽѽˣСأ
ָܼСĴؿڡ
Ҳ˿ֽҸղ˵ʮպ㻹Ҫһսô
ѽҲֵס۾˼ҲҪѾ֪˼ҵĵϸʮһ˼ҵˣ취ѽ
üͷ˼ϸѾ˸ˣʲô취أ
ˣˣ
ţ常֪Ըң¹ظһ˥¹Ƿսʤϣҽ𣿡
¼ţңұ֤ʮ󣬰ϴ仨ˮƨ


112 ʥط
˵ϵĵһӦǣŤͷܣ
Ƿ۾ү̫ˣٲܣ갡
˵ʲô¹ؼܷսʤϣ
۾һ˸ɫѽѽԭ׵Сأɣ
ŵ˽һ޵Ϻһİĸ߸ʿҲü常Ļ¹ؼĻܣǲˡ
ߡ
Լά˵壬ǵĹϵǳĮ˵ǼۺĳҲΪüڳһӣŤͷ˵л˵˼Сϵϱ㻹أ˵˵˵͹ȥ
ҧҧŭ˽һۣ常˵һ飬¹ǸһĻܣкһǧԼȷϣҪһǰѻ˵ȥô
˵Ϊʲô˵ѽ
ɢĹ峤ȹȹǣݣڹżʱŤͷ˼һҪأлͶСϵ˵Сϵת˼أƲЦѽ˵ʲôѽ˼Ҷ׵Сϵأ
ģ⻰̫ˣ
ãȻ常㲻ںĻй¶һ˼ʲôק˰ӣ˽϶棬޵ϣūǻĲأ
˲¿佱ˣ
ϺƤӦһ䣬ȴ͵ЦҪԹܼҴ˵ʲôתҰɣ֪Ŀɲ࣬鷳ͷ˵ţ
˼һ󣬿ڵһ仰Ͱѽϸ˸ᣬʥô
ʥˣ
Ȼ֪һ廹ʥ˵ͳأüëһһ˵һͳ֣ƺ̫ʣ
Щˣһ㶣ȻǼû˵͸һȣͬͬԴһ˫ֵ̥ܣ
վ˵һ裬ͷ˵
һһȣ˫ֵ̥ܣʥ˵ĵӣĽ
ʥ˵ͼǳ⣬һֽʯֿʯиһļӲǻ᲻𶯣׵֮ԣʥ˵ͼڹں˸˫Եġ
ϵ۾ˣȻأ
ʥ֮ǰȻӣ֮Уһֻ̳˺ʯĸԣһҲֻõ֮Ǹһ壬һԴ˵˵ƤЩ죬˵һͳλǴһġǣʥ֮ʱ䲼ʥ˵ӵУ˭˭ܼ̳ͳλ
ЦԣԼ˫ʥ֮ͬʱչ˭ȳأ˭ʥ˵ͳˣɲ롭ŭҵһıչصʱȴûбչأټʥ˵ͽٴʥͣ˵ʥ˵ͳȶͳ˵ĵλ
̯Ըһȣͳر䣬ͳ֮λ
˵˵ͷ
ֵðɣȥҶ֪ˣôϣΪʲôҪ

̾˿ʥǧ꣬ǧһ͸һͳ֮ûֹ̺ܸͣӣȥʼɣֻҪ֪ǧĽǣ˫Լÿʮ꣬˫ɳԼһʤߣδʮڵʥͳ
˶٣ϵľͳ֮ҪǼʤˣδʮ꣬һͻʥ˵ͳ̳ˣ
˿ЦԭͲϵĶ֣Ǹһ취ξսʤĻᡭ˭֪һץסﱴ˹ĻᣬƼսҪǼٸӱܣ÷մȡﱴ˹Ļ񡭡㶼𣿡
ϺȻðЦԷǵĸо̲סЦЦ
˵Цʲô
ҵĻЩ֣
ҡͷĲףʥ˵ͳλʲôģǧ꣬ͳһ½ʮɽҲѾʵˣ㼪ϣͳλøһ壬ʲôҪģ̯˵ģһʵҶˣڴ½ǿС̫ˣǵСӵϷ
Ϸģ֪ʥ˵ͳλζʲô𣿡
Ȼѹ˵ʥ˾Ҫˣʱһʮɽ˵ٹ⣬˭ܶᵽʥ˵ͳλ˭ʸȥӭʥ˻ع飬˭ʸ񣬳Ϊδ½ļ̳ˣ
Ҳ͵վ
˵ʥ˿ˣҲ˵
ѵ
Ҫô
˸£׼ΪһҪսʤˡһʵղ˵¹ؼܷսʤϡѵа취üʮȡʤ
ǰûУУ
ץס˽ϵ˫֣һ嶼ֻõʥ˵һطʵ㲻ǿ󣬿ǡ̫ǣҷ˿԰һ壬
ף
ܰһˣǡ
ڣ
˼޵ϣȥ߼ܼңҵڣҵİ취ΪǸһ壬סʥͳĵλ

Ȼ˾κˣһƽ仰ûͷûβģôתװ˸£˵Ҫʲôܰ
˺ȻСضһ
Ȼӻһǽڲģ˵ؼ׵ǣȴر㽻ˣ

űﱴ˹԰
죬ҽͣĲ֪ӣҰ޵ϣ
˹˻ߵ˵ţʱ߸ɫìǽϣȫѪȾҪԶˣ
ɭȻ޵˭Ϊλ޵ϣ
˹Ѿʹ˵ˣһԼæͣʱǱ˹ɵˮҲͷųһ֤ɱľ
УȻһ˫ݵū޵ϣ
ûүӣֻһᰡȻĴ̫Щ׼Ҫ˵׷Σ޵ϣ˵ڣҲﰡ
һЦ޵ϴ
ܿ죬Ͼͱһ˽е˻԰֪ľֻﱴ˹лҪ߼ܼҡһɵı飬ﻹ˸ոĺ˵ؼ׵ǡ
һټΧӣһλߴˡ
ϵ亹ðˣ
޵ϣ쵭һ۽ϣҸóƺΪڣ
ϱ˫ۣԼѪǰûκôġ
үӣˡϵͷ
ȷΪݣֻϣΪңΪūһͼ뼪ϵУ˰ĹЩɱһٴҲ
ȭͷ
컰һת㷸˶ҪܵεȳͷǶǻ֮飬ڣҲκ飬ֻҪ㡭Цſ۲ԵĽϣ׵̫ˣүүϸҲֱ治ﱴ˹Ĳ𡭡


113 һ죬޵Ԩ
үǶ˼ѵ롭
ϲ¶ˣ
У˹Ȼһֵʹϧ飬һλɫμУһӲʲôˣҪģ
Ҫ֪ﱴ˹һʥǧ˿ϵ÷մʥ˼ǰϦұ÷մȢţ֤ʥ˹֮ʱԼڴ½ޱаȻһǿƴ½е˹طˣһڰܻĺڹѸƵĲƸó·ߣԱ֤ڵ۹սڲ֮أ
ﱴ˹ҵľߣҸðﱴ˹ûȥ
ﱴ˹Ľϡðѡô
ƽر˫ۣڳ˶ţ֮֮ǰ޵Ͼﱴ˹˭˵ﱴ˹ˣ˵ﱴ˹Ǽٵġ
û˵ȥʿѾȻӦŵﱴ˹үû
ţĿס׸æҽĦ壬֤ûпղŷһУһ֮ǰҾ뿪ҵĳǱ
ͷһεϵĽɫì˹ҵûڼȻͲˡͻȻ䣬ռŵ۹Ѿ˴ӣ۹ȫսҪǽ飬׸ôô
˹һѪүӣսڼ䣬ɽʮ壬ؼ壬ýڸңҶά˶䣡
ά˶飬֮˵
Ŀص˽ϣ㡭Ǹˣɣ

һů紵죬һůȴеЩ䡣
ΪѾһӵ鷿棬µһǿߣǰָŶ˵ɣ
Ͽϣɿ壬͵¿ˮ̵С̬
쿴ϵӣüͷ΢΢壬漴Ȼ˵Ȼشһ⣺ͼǴģ
°ֻܻͣشүһˣһص㡪ﰲ۹ѧԺ
춢Žϵ۾ӣȻ޾ضӣﻹһ˿ɫʡ
ãͷȻﰲ͵۹ѧԺҾûбҪȥˡҺǲǵˣҼסңۺʱεأһУҵؼ壡
ʶȤվ޵֮ԶЧؼ壡
ȻһˣӽҴ֮ҫϣ
ЦЦ漴ȻҶ˵Ļ㶼ˣô޵أԼЩʲôô
Ȼףӽֱ֮ǰҾǼ˳λ̳ˡﱴ˹
Щ쵭˵һҪﱴ˹ݣֻҪĺãһҶԵûпһԴ͸سĸλһ죬ڵ۹̨̳
촽һʽô
ǽף
ðɣץǰˮһںȸ裬ɵתŲ豭˵һ˵ɣұЩʲô⣿
￴һ˿ƶĵһﱴ˹÷մĻҺʥ֮ͬ죬ԣʲô취ҲãҲգЭܼսʤϣ֤һȻһЦϾﱴ˹㲻ĺ÷մҪ㣬÷մĻ֮취ﱴ˹⡯÷մΪҵĹѸ
ģġǲǿ⣬ΪҿԲֶΣֻҪûͱ죬үӾͻƺ󣬶ô
ڵõĬϺ󣬽صͷôڶأ
ڶй˹طˡ̾Ϣ˵ʵﱴ˹ҲڹѸԸӭȢ˹طˣΪ˼ľӦȻڹѸŮˣҲģڼ䣬ɵݣزĵϸ˶٣ǣ˹طȷļңͲնԴ÷մİ취ΪҵĹѸڹѸͼ
ͷһɱ
˹ط˵ĲƸ¹ص۹˥㲻ɱҪЦЦ˹طͼ취˹طԼ
һΪʲôҪúڹѸԼ
Ļشһɸ֣Щϸ֦ĩڵĶǻġ޵ϣڰºʱϣҿĽ
ӵ豭תߡ
ȻôˣǣƻСһΪ㻹ּۻһ
˵һˣ
վſڣ̯Ϲףµһǿǰõѡ񣬾ȥִ񣬲ȻһҪԳɱңߣץ˰ɯвô
Цˡ
Ȼſ˵޵Ǹˣ˰ɯذɣ

뿪鷿ʱ򣬽Ѿﱴ˹߻ﱴ˹µˮˡ
ﱴ˹үɣƷżˮͼʦүЭ񡪡һ
һˮ˵үӰУϲϾϣȥЭܼսʤϣȥ̽˹ط˵ĵϸ
ǻļأ
üëһŤͷðɣȥִ񡭡÷մѾʶˣǾȥʶһ´˵еĺڹѸɡ
˹ط˲ûסڹű棬ڳеĵǡ
ˮ˵һ룬ȻŽϱ͡
ϻͷһȵά
æﱴ˹Ĺ̬ϣҵãô
װˣ
άָԼؿڣһһٵǼسүүŵŮʸ֪˫ˣ޵ϣڣ㻹ƭﵽʲôʱ򣡣˳ȥҲˣֻһ仰㣬Ҫðﱴ˹ӭȢŮô
άִֻм񡭡
ҪͣԼҪĴﱴ˹飬ˮڱһɫ䣬˵º󲻵ý붴Ǽܣûүӵй¶ȥ
ǽϱͣάһγĿס
񣿹ûаҷϣάȻ俪ףץס˽ϵ죬ʮˣѾʶʮˣԲ㣿أǰ㲻ҲͰˣأΪһҪŬ˹ɽĺɽˣȥӭȢŮˣ
Ŭ˹ɽĺɽˣ޵ϺάµԼ
ϲ޵ϣϲάıƢ黳ԼǻҲŮѵӰҡͷЦ˵ά޵ϵȷԲ㣬޵ϣ޵ϣ޵ȥͼū޵ҲûйһԹԡҽϿûжԲĵط
ϼ˵ڰǰѾ˵ˣһĹС㣬ҵū֮Ѿûκιϵˣ
ûκιϵûκιϵ
άſϵ죬˺󼸲Ц
Ȼɫʮʶĸ飬һ仰벻ô޵ϣ㡭
άأ
鷿ﴫһߣҲ޵֮䷢ʲô޵뿪޵ȥӦ飬ôΪΣ
үүҲƾʲôΪһΣҾҪԼˣ
޵֮飬ߣ㸸һҵףһȳϵ˽ӣάԼѡ񣡡
ά˵Щʲôˮһǰһ󣬰˳ȥ
һֱάܵűţֱ˦ָӵ˵ϣ˵άүӲϣһڻ֮ǰ㲻ýһ
۵
͵عˣ
ģά˺ŵһʨȻڷϿ૵˵ҡϡôֻҪԼ˰
žڱάļάŤͷŭûʱ㣡
㣡
һάӱ꣬⺷ǿƵ
һŮάͷץ
һʮĺ·ˣһͷɫĳһ˫ɫ˶Ե˼㣡ֻϺߣû뵽ȻСѾͷ˵άǡʥŷ˹Ů㻹һ磬ά˹أ
άһ㶣ûҰֵȷСŷ˹ֻǸ˵ģѾ˶˽ӣʲôʥŷ˹
㸸Ѿˣ
·ôģʲôطˣ
йϵôſ
ľͲſˣܰ
ˣ·˻άڵϣֵȥϵĻҳָԼǰһɫʥŷ˹⴮ôҽ鶡鶡ˣ

ά뿪󣬽ĬĬ̾˿ˣԸӴԺԼάҲûκιϵɣ
ﱴ˹үάٸˣȥ˹طôˮ˻ѯʽϡ
ţ߰ɣ
Щʧصͷ߳űʱ޾ɵӣ˹طʱľӵׯ԰ſڣ۾Ȼз
ׯ԰ֻ˹ط˺Ӿסô
һˮ˵Ϊ˹ط˵İȫ廤ѾڰаΧׯ԰ǳүӵ˹ط˵ױţκҲׯ԰
ˡһ˹ط˵ඣ
ϵĿȤ
˳ָ⣬һݸ׳ڴׯ԰߳׳һ£ͷƤСñȻ׳ڸƵ֥ǣҲֻһ۵С
ǽȴϵã˲ʣ׹죡ʱһ֮ԵȻɱ˼ܼңԼصġǸ׳


114 
һʱ䣬뵽˺ܶࡣ
׳ڰɱܼҵʱ˵ҡˣʱϻһͷˮ˿˹ط˵£ͬ˹ط˼ңӦˡҡ˵
ԭǺڹѸ£ǰɱܼҵĻı񲻾ǡ
˾ŸɷγɱɼҵܹܣڹѸŮˡȤ൱Ȥ
ϵתԽԽ죬ҲԽԽߣװˮүǶأҲǺڹѸô
һˮʧƬ̣ӦȥΧļӺڹѸļȥˣ˵С˹ط˵ıͷӣ˵һӶŵųƷͼʦʹ̽Բ飡үʲôô
ŶֻЩ棬ѾǴˣ˾ȻŶƤñӡ
ָָԼԴȻЦҿʼ˹ط˸ȤˣܸҽһŮôŸɷͲҪ˵ˣһ뵽ֵ׼ɻǲأ
ˮ˶ЦҲ࣬˺ڹѸ֮⣬˹طܹص㣺һҵңޱȣүӵĲƲԴŮн½һŮĵλǿ̳Ų߳ɣǿԼ̳ϵľͶʣ
ڶأ
ڶ˹طʱ򣬺׳رȤôʣ׼ȷ˵ϲڻ׳αƼͳʮūƸ˹طˣ
ʮūʲôô
˹طƣ׼ʮūȥĻĵأ⻰Ǽ١
Ͼȵصɴ۾ƸȥûǾʹӦʮūˣ
ˮ˿ЦһүǸ޷ܾ˹ط˵Ҫ󰡣ǸƸȷӴ󣬿֪Ů˵ļױʲô𣿡˼񣬡ŮˣȻһ½ĸóױֻҪõóߣľӽδʮ֮ڣȫÿǾеװ⣡
ôֱʣ
ϵһ
⣬ү㣬һ˹ط˲ļң취ڻ飡ҲƸ񡯺͡ױйأ
üëһʲôϵ
һ˹طڻ飬ôͨд½ġүӾͿջʮūƸ񣬻˻ױóߣЩԥ෴ҷڻ飬߻Ϊҷԭȡ˹ط˾ͿջԼľó·ߣͬʱԼʮūƸ񣡡
˵һ仰³ɹҽԴϲҪǻ²ɡ
һˮЦȻڻģʧȥһУֵģõʮūһ½װʮӵľóߣ

˵Ĺ׳Ѿƿׯ԰ĺţһɫ˳
˹ط˵
ˮĶԽ˵ȥԼ˹طˣ¼棬̸׳һֵϸסﱴ˹ү˹ط˴ûм棬Էȥص¶
ǰס˹طˣﱴ˹үǰ̽ͼ
ԭﱴ˹үҼҷ˻ӭүݹ١
ػ׳ϴʱָ˱ĿûϳϾմּԺͼڣ΢ЦҼҷ˵ˣǰүǸټɣ
ˣҼү̫ܶðɣ
λĪǾҵġˮ졯֣ͼڵذĶʮһ͵ˮ˵ݣЦУԴҲĮﱴ˹үݣҼҷ˱ܶȷЩʧ񣬵ǧͼڵһңߴ֮ףҲӦҼҷ˵Ѵ˵Ҽҷ˻бﱴ˹үҪ飬㣬ˣ
ʲô飬ܱҼ̳˵ټҪ
صغһһۣϳʻ˹ȥ
ӵľٶѵذǿ˫΢΢ﱴ˹үΪӣδŮ˷ͻϳŮһЩѵˣ
˰ɣ
һֱ·ߵһô棬Цеؿ֣ԱЦڹѸ˼ˣǲǽӽĻᣬǶ䣬Ȼڻ֮ǰǲҵģѵܶδŮ˶ô
Ǿ뿪ôүӵô죡
װһ˵ĵϸһҪ̸ô
ָָȥһʲô
ûõģӲƣү˸ˣ˹ط˰µˮ©κΰѱҪȻҪðﱴ˹ү̽ô
װԹץ꣬һΪƻһ룬ΪԹ
׼ȷ˵ıӰȥ塮ﱴ˹үҪʲôȻұ֤֮ڣһŮ˵ĵϸ

ɸ˹ط֥ǵĽȻǶ˹ط˵Ĳر˷ŭǡɱ
͸˹ط˵ʮūĿӴ˿ܼܰŰ֥ǣ԰˹ط˵ҪǶ˽һɽȣҸṩʳ񡪡˹ط˾ЩūӪء
ȻǼū
ɽȵһôϣˮ˫ַ˻ߵغ޵ϣŮūҲԸ˳λ̳ˣ㻹һҵҫͽϹȥһ֤ϵĽѵ
ϵһƬҶû˵
ʱӪǰ˻˳ڽϵԤУ˹ط˼Ȼһ޹ŴεĺڹѸضһɫ͸ϢЩ͵ˡʵϣ˹ط˵ȷһǵӣһϮĺɫȹһͷڵĳԺҲ͸һĮζŮ˵ӡֻʮ˾ӣ
׼ȷ˵ֻһոճŮ
ҧĲݸ
ҵūҵ͹ҵǡ
վūǰ˹ط˷һڣȻͼū֮ΪѣȺͲ¼ɵ
Ů˻˵⼸ίˣ⣬Ƹ͸һλİĹ壬ǻ֣̿ǲη塭ҪǣǰˡҲǵ࣬ȴᣬҽǰһ֭ţ̵ʥأǽΪɵƽǽӵԼأǻпܳͷأΪһλҲµĹ͢߹٣
˵ţ˹ط˱һű飬಻Ůūڹмֱƺ޿ˡΪ֤ҵĻɰĺӣھҵĹ͢Ů٣߽㣬Ը𣿡
Ůſˣ
Ůĸĸȵصɴ۾ķˣԸ⡭
벻ҪƺҵĹͷΣ˵ǵѣ
˹ط˵ЦݳϣԽϽʮҲЦҵһα

ūǻ
΢ļ֣ױ˺ƭϵݺһɣץѽԼǰ޵ϣôôֳĬŮ˾ͻԿūȻгһջЩūҲᱩģ
֪˹ӱܺѳͺô
ϳãȻ˵Ϊ˲׽һͿɿڵ˹ӱܻʮȵϺ߰˸Сʱһáѳͺգһͼɴسȥ԰˹ӱǳԵķǳ׳ѳͺȴҡҡָԱͲҪһֱͺգ֪ڹѸĵϸҪѧһֻϺɪɪıܣ
˵һ޵ϣū
ֵסһƬҶϥǶڴϵä̬ƺ˵ֻһ޹̵ū
ʵأ
˹طӪش죬ʮūϵѣأūһ󸾷ȻĮȻǽ壬ҵүˣƺҲǲѡ
ΪץŽϵ죬ŭص˵裬ﱴ˹үĳ裬޵ϣҲ㱰΢ֵĳ裡
ЦеûгϣҲûз
峿˹ط˷֥ǣǸ׳ȴһ·
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ڵϹճһĹṹͼֻҪסͼԺʹʱ򣬰ͼƤƹͷѧʥ˵طˣ


117 ɬľ1
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ά˶ʮоͿԴܼأ

֮󣬹۲Ա»ص̨ǵ֤۹⡪ⶨΪƷͼʦذʮλ
˼ά˶Ľʵɣһλǿߣʮ֮ڻܼǺ˵ʤ۹⣬λǿߵĵȼӦǡ
϶Ʒͼʦ
濼˼ӣ˵ذǰʮ֮Ĳǳ󣬾˹ǵذĵͿһлʮ˼һʱ䣬һҪҸһۣλǿߣӦʮң
ʮң
죬ά˶ϾʲôȻһһ֮䣬ǿ˵˵ز
촽һͷػѾ˴½֣֮Լأ
ˡ˵һ֮󣬽ϵŨȾһֱڷţͼڵذĶ
ڽ˼֮ʱþʵľ
ںȻһŵһϮ³ȹһͷڷԺڹѸ˹ط˽
󻹸ʮڣ
۲ԱˡðֻЩҪﱴ˹ү˵
˹ط˽ֱ̨룬ɨڲ鿴Ƶ÷մȻĿ絶Ȼס˽ϡﱴ˹үҺܲģ
ϵüëվڰʲô
֪÷մС㶼ΪķˣҰջԼ˵÷մС㲻ִСͬΪҷˣ˹طҾͲòһˣȻҺ÷մСƽƽΪκ÷մС㣬ȴңĪƲⱻĹѸô
ͣҲ򵥵Ľ֪Ů˵ȥռȻ˹طˡ
⻰Ӻ˵Ҫ˵ӣ
ﱴ˹үŮʿȣѵӦȰѻ˵ô
˹طһ仰ͰѽϵͶס˵˱ˣôãǾ˵һ˵ⳡʲô˼ȻҺ÷մС㲻ִС÷մΪʲôȨʤˣԾܾλ񣿡󣬸䣬ңҴ½ݻױ˹طˣƾʲôû
ﱴ˹үô˵ҽھܾĻ񡭡
ԹЦЦһѸ˵½ķ̰ҲܷܽҶҵӣңңֻҺ÷մСһȨ
ҲҪ
۾
ǵģҲҪȻǸѸЧ÷մС㣬ѻĳɰܷھĶϣֻһ˹ط˰Թﱴ˹үҴӮ˾ֻǣף㹻ˡ
ҪҪս
ϻûпڣһ˵ǧڶڿţǧͼڵһҵ
ϵͷԸ˹طˣ㷽ľѡǣ
˹ط΢΢һЦʾǰ
λҵĻͷ죬
ƷͼʦԲ飬ͼڵذʮλ
ĵȼЦ֪ҪսҼҵһ
Ҫսġ
˹ط˵Ŀҵĸһһɨɣ˽ϣ㣬ﱴ˹ү


119 ս
Ҫսң
ϷشЦȴЦиһѯʵɫ
ᣬС˵ﱴ˹үǡƷ弶Ĺͼʿǰ߲Уģ˹Ҫɱɰ
أڹѸġһϵСƻѾʼ
Ҳĵ˵ү⼸סүӵ⣬ڹѸҲɱĻᣬԾͼ̨ɱѽ
ǣ
Ϻɸֵüͷ˵ҪʵǣүǲҶýڵһССĽѵ⣬Ҷýڵ᲻¶ɵ
ʱߺȻȻ뵽˽߳һĻҷĹս¼ÿսضÿðﱴ˹үġ⡯ԣȥսɣΪﱴ˹үҵ
ϵͷʥҲת
ﱴ˹үս߲սǸ仰ѽ
˹ط˼Ϻ˵ĻЦǵĻ̨ôģȻһڹѸڻҲᵱɱԼɣ߽µ֣ĵȼȷ۸ﱴ˹үˣүӦս㣬һֻӭսùﱴ˹үҪֻҪ㱻ﱴ˹үƵ˺һС˹ˣ
꣡
̨룬˺һ·ϵĲסԼ֡
Ȼˣˡ˫Ҳһֻ࣬֫سŽϹ˹
裡
κһЩĵ˿ⶼǳͷβ裡ʣڹѸһϵмƻѾʼˣ˵Ŀ֮ɱɣҪɴĹģɨأûӭȢţ
Ϻûпڵͷ˵Ļ
һĻԶ÷մСУһͲм
ﱴ˹үսǲս
ٽĹ۲ԱʼˣǧڸǷźսսս
Ůʿǣô
ϯ̨ǰ̨·ϣҵӲηκսԥ˼һ⣬ЦʣһսˣضϹǸˡ
ˣѶע͵ϯ̨
˹طһ̧֣һڴϯ̨ϣ򿪿ۣʮ߸ĲȨ֤Щһ֮ս㹻װҫʿţ
ôֱʣ˹طǳ׼үذɣŸó˷Ķע
˶ɫǲᵱ˵עݣȻﱴ˹үΪӣսɣǧ֮ҫ
׼˷أ
ЦЦֺ˫Ŷǰ
ãﱴ˹үѾս˫ֱǣͼڵذʮƷͼʦһٽĹ۲Աɫﱴ˹Ʒ弶ͼʿû
Ƿ˺ȻĳϲŲæûұذɣ˶˵үӲнһУҵط˽ģ˵ţϽʢ΢Цʵүүһϲڡ
¡¡
һȦÿһʯ̨̨³һӡһȦ꣬ߵʯϵѣȻнѳ
ҵҪֵҪսֻսġذǿߣ

ﱴ˹Ȼʵ
ھ˵⣬÷մĲм˾˹ط˵¶𾪣
ذʮǿ߹Цﱴ˹үһϲɣ
̽еһ⻯ǹ⣬˽ϵʺ
ϺЦ
ߴ磬
磬
磬
ԽԽˣϻһµĽ
磬
磬
һ磬
ǹ϶ΪһнϵʺƤ֮ʱͻȻˣһһ
ֶָס˽棬˳ǣһģšڰӵת£䡯һ죬һֵǣ
ؿں͵ƽӶ˵£
߿Ѫ
˹طˣлˣ
ڼžľԵøر

ڽϵԤ֮УϾڳҰӲƴУ֪Ľ·ģʤɡ
û뵽ǣһУֻһоͻ˵ذĵʮǿߣ
˵һ˼ֻ֮ܲԼŨȾȻǿֵز
ֻԼļЩӲȴǵȻһЦת뿪˾
۾үһֻ۾үһԿţҪǾߵԽԽã
үﱴ˹ү
ҵһ˵ں첽׷ӵﱴ˹Ǿ޴ĳüɫʹ죡һ̴̫ʹˣ̫ǵͼһˣôֻһƷ˼ͼʿ
°΢ЦΪӦǡ
ΪٽѾĵȼƷżͼʦͼڵذ񡭡ڶʮ
˳ؾٸһɫĻ£մٽĹأذǿ߶ӵдԼݵѫ££ڴ½ǿֵ֮ı־
־Ͱѻ¶ﱴ˹үʽʱ򣬰Ĺϣдذǿﱴ˹֮Ĺ
۾ȻЩĶ
֮ͷЦЦȥﱴ˹ˣлл
ʲôҲû˵˷һս㲻ͼڵذ񣬸Ǳͼסġδƪˣ
δƪ˵Ǳޣҵһֵͼڱӵսذʮǿߵʵ
ӵһֵıܴӶʮԾǰʮ
Ͽߵİƣ˼
˵ӵһͼڱǲģһֻõʻսס
ʻսףܳƵĶֻʣ˽̸ȡ
ʱԼһˡ
˵ȻһƼļ򣬡ܼҴˣѰһʲôõĽô
ѽˡ׵Сү˵ʲôѽ
͵̧ͷȥЩĲɡ˼룬ֻʣ˰ʱ䣬˹طûб˻飬ʲô취أ
ʲô취ֻҪһֱүߣ;ûлᣡ
ظԼ⣬ͼڱ
Ȼɲ
һס˽ϣ
÷մ
Ѿû˾ľȡ֮ģһĹµͿɬ
Ѿͷʲôأ
ϴЦ÷մС㣬סҵĪĲ
˾ǰˣﱴ˹ˣ÷մĬĬصǰŵĽߣȥɸɣɻһ
˵ţһʽΪͨɫϻӣҲˣ
ĪϻҲǶעһ֣
һɫߴټϻӣֻһ߳Ĵֵָ֮
ⶫǡ
ϸѯȻɫ䣬žغ˸ӣʧˣ¹شǧ򲻿ǰⶫ
𾪵÷մ÷մС㣬Ҫ͸ܼң
֮ǰ˵սܣﱴ˹ⶫڸһļ
÷մﵭ˵¶һ˿˿ѵζ
ϰкĺʣһô
찡Ȼ
һһ뵽޵ǰһūȻս֮Ȩֻһô⡮ս֮ȨҪǺ͡ڡ촽Ǿʥݺ½Ķűͼڱ׵λսȨȣ


120 
׵
˹۹ҲǱ׵ĵڶλսȨȵ֮󡭡
̲ס̾
Ȼ㲻Ϸǳ󣬵ǰŵ÷մ϶ˣǣĮŮͬһĬĬעǰһֻ׸İɫ
Ͽ÷մӣʣսȨȵһ֣
ɰֲ棬ָָܼҡ˼ԣս֮ȨһһڸһС
ǸϢ
ڸһ壬͵ԼôϺȻýʵ̫ˣܼңǲȥˣоһڵĹ˷ܵ˵ŶڣҪһڣ磬ȥûڣ
˶٣װűһ·ܸ˵һ˵ͼڱô
ԸΪЧͣ
ȵ˵˵ͼڱͲòᵽͬͼһġ񡯣һƣָſֻҵ洫үӵı³ʥ£һָڵ۹ңѾûܹõġ콣¥
սȨȣ͵ڶѾ֪ˣôһǿıʲôʵ
ĵһ޸̨޸̨ʲôӣʲôȻЭ߻ܡ
ʼ磬һΪȻӣһһţ˵ǧǰ޸̨ѾʧˣȻֻһţȻЭصģ˭֪Ƿİ޸̨Ūأ
ȻЭ᣿
ǵˣǰֻǶԷ磬ξͲòעˡ
֪ȻЭô
ԵķǳȣʱűѾǰֵֻ̯ܳ˵ˣνȻЭᣬǰͶʥ˴һͼ֯ʥ˵ʮɽһͬѾûʮɽˣȻЭǳġ
˵ͣ˴ָӦʱҲʵݴˡ
ȻЭǳ࣬ǳǿ󣡡
Ĭ÷մȻˣԭһֱ˵ĶԻŮ˵ɫҪĮľȻȻЭ֮ǿ˵󣡡
жǿ׷ʵ
÷մ̾˿ܿͻ֪ˡ
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һըף֥ǺȻưôꡣ

ջĲ裬Ǵ裬Ҳߵ֮ǰλɸءڹűһСʱ֮󣬽Ͼ͸»ƺƵ뿪֥ǡ
˵˾飬·һֱڶԽϵ΢ЦţȻڸлȥһĹԵǣԽϵİ൱⣬Ż֮󣬸øһĽ͡
ȴĿ롣
׼ȷ˵һֱڰй۲Լλ÷մﻹ˵ȻǸҪң߾ǡı֮ɫ˹طˡ
뿪Űƶĺʬصĳ֮󣬺ڹѸȻ̾˿˵ءˣ
ȻԼĻΣȲݵز·ߵһؤڿ˰ⰹļһҽ֮ԵЦЦȻΪԼʧٶǸ⡣
һΪʮūԲֶεĺڹѸһǰū֮ΪѣΪһؤݵʴȹ󸾡
ЩŮˡ
ӣ»ؼأһԲʮȺɽƵľɽȡ
ڽɽȷǰ棬һΨһĿɽ·ϣһʮ߲ߵĹŵʽκ˽ܣҲ֪ҵѧʥءɸ
ķô
˼ɸͼҳķӰεط֣˵ķˣҵضûκһӰ
үӣּʽߣ˵û
ҵأҪ
ȻһЦΪûһﶯߣԻԽɸ
Ϻʾ˵ȥ컺˫ۣӣһصػݵ΢Ľϣʱûʸ֪ܡ
ﱴ˹ҵ۾Ȼˣȴ˵һ⣬ҵķףһ£ҺбͶλҪɸĶʮ㣬ҡݴڹǻҵĵڶʮ߲㡭
үӣһ׳Ѿˡ˵ֻҲףΪʲôֻҺλȥ
ھͻסڳȺ֮ǰһԶԶ˵ڣ
ɰû˸ҿʮ֮ڣҲû˵ܣȻԺСڼȹǻҵʱ򣬿ܻһЩ顣
飿
˵ܻһЩȻﱴ˹ݵõһЩԶﱴ˹Բõʲôɸô
ЦЦԸ
ͷţڵȼӣͿԽɸˣ
ҪȣϿۣһǧ˵ҳԱǧݸ߹ıͶУٵȥ»ŭɣ
ȴڽϵɻвΪ
Ӻһɫս׵ʿԶһ̽ɫĶֻʿ˹۹ʵ۱£·ʮЭ׵¹ʦԼ٣ףҵ˳λ̳ˣﱴ˹»֮ϲ
ӭ£ӭʦ˶ˡ
վںѹѹһƬ򵹵Ⱥ룬ģԵ÷ͦΣ
ĿͲȥ˹ʵۣ½ľ԰ɸﱴ˹ҵԽȥˣ

ɸʮ߲㣬ÿһ㶼˾ظС
һ㣬һ߰˰ƽĿǽڣµĵذ壬ͷ컨壬ȫǾӣͨڶ¥ҲϺλĵӰ
ǽϣعһ˸ߵӣÿﶼһƵĳߣͷϻһƺԶҲղ
ķеһ档
ֵķʽɣ
ϸķһףȻ˵ڶʮ㣬һɹ⻬Ľɵİմ
һ㣬ûͨڶʮ߲¥ݣһȥֻһӶʮģֻһͨе¥ݿڡ콻ڣҪһȵӢ飬ȻһСʱ֮ͿԻص֥붴ˡڽϺ÷մ룬׼Ʒʱ򣬺ڹѸȴվ¥ݿڲˣ
˵סΨһ·
˹أҵķˣ㲻׼һͬô
һξ룬з۾źڹѸ
ﱴ˹үǼӣ
ڹѸָָؿڵʯ
Ͽۻз۾˵ʮ֣ʽ߷ӡ
߷ӡǿ߷ӣһЩȤĻ⣬ô
ڹѸЦЩ죬ͬһʱ䣬÷մĪػ˯˹ȥ
÷մС㲻ʺǵݣ˯һ˯ˡ
ѵڹѸ׼̯ˣ


121 뽭
ȤĻ⡭磬ûд޸ңֻƭȡʮͶ
Ͽۻ˯÷մڵ֮ǰѾһԼԼԤУ˹طһһʹɱУ׽˻̱
ƭȡͶһҲȤȻܳΪʵ
ڹѸЦ˵ҵɣֻһ⡪ɸΪʲôûأ
⽭ϸոʹ죬ûи𰸣ҲصЦЦȻ֪ˡ
һҪô
ڹѸ˵ʵ㲻ңҲ֪ɸҪΪүӵ洫ĵλ³ʥ¾ɸ棡ӣĽŽµĽذ壬ڲ³ʥµ֮£κδɸԶ䣬ʲôԽ顭ǣ³ʥ£̰ˮ
㾹Ȼ֪³ʥµĻܣ
ľˣ
ֹǲ³ʥµܣɸһ֪࣬Ȥһô
ѾˣڹѸ˵֮ʱ϶̸з֮ʱԴ󵨵˵ڹѸ˵ЩΪɱгﱸʱ䣡
Ůƫƫ˴½ľó¶β֮ǰϲֻƾ仰ĸоͶɱˣȻ½ŭԳܵģ
֪ܣ˵ɡ
ϰתʥٴ˺ͺڹѸľ롣
ҵɣڵɸ֮ǰǲ㣬ܵõһЩȤĶ
ڹѸһ仰Ͱѽ˵亹죬Ҳ֪ˣ֪пܵõʲô𣿡
ȻҵȻ֪ڹѸ۽컨壬Ȼ˵ɸ磬׵ǰأЩҫһʱӢۣҵǵĵڶʮ߲㣬ңǴû뿪ɸ
㶮ҵ˼ô
ڹѸջĿ⣬Žϣ˵ǵĹǻû뿪ǵĹꡭҲû뿪
Ĺ꣬Լͷϣ
ֻͷƤ飡
ھȣ첢ûиܣŶҪȣΪһиľϲ͸㣡
ڹѸЦ˵ɸ翪ʼضɸҲǴɸ翪ʼÿһλҵļ̳ˣлڳɼҳ˵ʱɸĹ깵ͨͨɹǾʹĹеõһЩССת䣬ͨʧܣǾɱԼɱ飬ٷʮΣȹͨɹӸʮ
ô
ڹѸŵ̯˫ֻ֣Ҫɱ÷մȻһЩ˺۳ȥͿ˳ΪҵԭʧˡЦЦȻҾͿûԼļױͬʱʮūƸˡ
žž
ܾʵļƻ˵ʲôɱңԼҲ˵³ʥ¾ɸ棬ûκˣԶ䣬Խ飡
ǵģûСˡûʵġȴԣ
ڹѸۿʱߵЦﱴ˹սʤӮ˵ذǿߵĵλǣ֪ô
װﱴ˹ү
Ȼ

ȻӺڹѸƮ˳ûǡƮ˳Ӻһ㵭ĻӰϥµ˫һӵ񣬶ڵƹ¡ȻûӰӣ

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׼ȷ˵һλͼڣţͼڣ˵һֻҲ
ɫ˰ɫɭɭЦ˵ʵ̫ԸˣҲ̫˽ͼڵˣ³ʥֻԻã

ˣ
ϳˣּԺ֮ʱڿ˵ʲô־ͬϡģԭҲһͼڣ
˫ȭؿڣ˹طˣʲôɣҵǰɱҰɣ
Ŷ
ڹѸӵסؿڣﱴ˹Ҳòϣ̨ϱֳʵ̫ǿˣƴȫ֣ҲĶ֡Ц˳ңҼ㵽˻ⷢһһЩӦκѡȻȫǿԻͼڣǵ֣Ҳеİ
ڹѸɣʿţ
ʿţ
֧صĲӣȻǺڹѸѣ
ϰסؿڡ
ˣﱴ˹үҵ˳λ̳ˣˣڹѸЦǰһܺôʿźȻԻ꣬Ͼһ֮࣬ǣɸأ˶٣ûпγֵģҪһ𰸵ġ
źڹѸһõӽϵƮ˳ȻںڹѸΧ
Ȼǽϵϣ
ôڹѸȺǰſ˫ۣǴģ
֪Ͷˣɸ֮ǰһҵģԣҰľڹѸΪ̨սʤôˣֻӴȻùǸϡǧ㣬Ҳ㵽ɱﱴ˹֣Ȼﱴ˹Լɸģ
쵽ڣ÷ִ˯ֻǸʿһᣬһȷҵĹ겻ҵĻᣡ
ںڹѸ˵Ĺ򣬹ʿѾ󼯽ϣˣһɫĺɫսףͻû磬Ѫ룬ѪһֻɭɭѪͷ
϶Űߣ¶ǰȫѪɫᣡ
ˢ
ͷĹʿƽһ޴˫нɳƣﱴ˹ذǿߵʵԸһɱĻᣡ
ɱʿȻֲʮпԹĴ
ϵ˫ֻƽ٣̵˵ҶһЩɵƺûĻᡣ
ɵ
ţɣ˵һУ飬ǧ׹
϶ȻںڹѸ͹һ֮䣬˫ſͬʱžžĹ죬Ȼһ԰׹Ǳ֯ɵľ޴
ϳ˷ĹǴ̣Ǵ̶˻Ծŵİɫľ綾âһ˲䣬Ǵ̾ʹ̴ͼڹѸ壬̴˺ڹѸ˫磡
С
һϳ˽ϵݣϵĵ˿ֻɽҲ侲ץסڹѸһֵ˫н󿪴ϣݺᣬѽϱʮ
˹ط˺뿪ɸȣ
һλʿڹѸӵʿźҧ˻ҪҵұӦ죡һţҵѣɱﱴ˹
һŵͷ˫нָ˽ϣȻ΢΢һ
ʱ϶ð׹ϵĴɫɫͷҲɢԺȻĻƽû¶Ѿָ̫޵ϵӡ˵װĹүǶʵ
үǶ
һţ˵˹ͨһٽŻ谵Ĺ߿˿ϵӡ˫н
㻹ڵʲôڹѸѵ㲻ԸͬôҵѣѾֵزǱɱˡ
㹥˵һǾͲˣ˹شĻֵʿţֹͣˣ


122 
һ֮ǰʿŻֵѣһ֮ǾҪڹѸˡ
һţ뱳֮Լ𣿡ڹѸץס˹һŵ˫нƱ˼˺ۣѪ죬ܲ˵رߵҵѣǿԹͬΪƴֵܣأѣ˽Գˣǵʿ񣡡
壬ҳϣ飬ʿеɡ壬Զ֮ϣ
һŶ˫нԼؿڻһһĽʮ֣Ѫ絽˺ڹѸϡ
˹طˣ飬ҵѪ㣬ұ֤뿪Ϊĵˣһλ˳֣
һϵϥ򵹣صؿ˸ͷȻʿŻһʧɸ֮С
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ڹѸǵĻӰãȻһͷˮ
һŵ˼ﱴ˹ǹʿŵĶˣﱴ˹ǧͼڵһҵĴүܺͼɵʿʲôأ
ҲͻıʺԸӣ֪һžԼӪȹĹ˹֪ͨˣҲ벻ףӦú͵һĹʿΪʲô˺ڹѸѣ룬ѵﱴ˹жڹʿţ
ɸֻʣ˽ϺͺڹѸˡ
װﱴ˹ү񣬾أ
ڹѸɬһЦʵϣץʺ

ڹѸԼ˿ڣЦݱùȻЦųɸĵڶʮ㣬ﱴ˹ʿűˣҲһɱ㣬һԴʮūŲţ
¥ݿڸһתʧڵڶʮ㣬Ȼǰ֮ž洫˶ѵ
ɸĵڶʮһɹõĴʯãǽȫˮӣڹѸӦײƴ˽׸ߵɸ
Ů˲Ҫô

ɸעһǧλҵĳԱǧϲĹͻˮеȴϹ
˹ʵ·ף죬ʦ׵£վڶǰ桪ССɸ֮£Ȼ˵۹ͷ
˹طб䣡
ںڹѸһ˲䣬ʦ׵΢΢üͷȻһɸ
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˹ط¹ص۹ľóԪ֣Ϣŭ淢ʲôɡ
׵µ˵ߵ·ʮҲ΢΢һЦʾԼֹ֧ʦ
·ʮһɬˣ⿴Ǵ½İһ۹֮
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үӡ
˳Ŀ⿴ڹѸļ򣬾֪Ѿչֲһ׶ΣƻԵʱ򣬺ڹѸѾȻ
£ʦ
ڹѸܿ죬ŭضס·ʮͰ׵£ߵСһѸ½˹۹ȷǸˣҲһϵŮˣҪɱңֱ˵αЩ˵Ĺ̯˫֣Ѫ죬ҾվɱҰɣһɢ죬ҵĲ¾ͻ᲻ƳɱѲֿ;ó֧ռŵ۹ǵ֥ǣ
һھͰǣʼˣ仰ı͵ɫò԰ˡ
·ʮҲһĿЦСʵǿάŵķȣ׵˹طˣʲôңһйۣҵĵ۹ԩһˣҲŹһˡ
˵ôǿʲô
˹ط˳˼ϵȹӱԼ˿¶ĸһЩŭҸﱴ˹ɸԭڴųΪһмңɷŮˣ˭֪ڼʱ򡭡
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˹طˣʱ򣬷ʲô
ڹѸЦһʼһлﱴ˹ʵʱһλӢȻˡҲ֪λӢһλ棬Ӣŭﱴ˹˵Ǽˣ棡
飡
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ڹѸ׵µ˴գԵúܷŭܺ£ƴӣﱴ˹˵ıͻȻһ԰׹̴ҵ˫磬ңһһЩı£żʱ¥үӴȣ
ߵڰףĪ˰ɣ
̫ǵʱһףڹѸıݺʶףֵҵͻģ
˹طˣ㲻ҪѪˣ޵ĳӣ
·ʮ˺ڹѸĽüëڰ׵µע£СʵѸó˵ȣĿ˵ﱴ˹һͼڣһǣؼĴҲܽƾļ仰ָﱴ˹֤ô
ȻУһ֤ݣ
꣡ڹѸ鳤ȹϰֻʣһأϱϴ̴˿ڻŵɫĶҺ·ʱɸĶʮֻˣңﱴ˹÷մ÷մʥͽﱴ˹˭ܸ˺ۣ˶٣˿ڻܳ䵱֤ݣǿԼﱴ˹壬죬׵£Ƕǿߣ˹۹ǸƣƾǣһԼﱴ˹˵ݣ
˵ţ˹طżƺήҵص˵ϣ
׵һ渽˹طˣһԽϵ˵˹ط˵ָأ㶼ˣﱴ˹£塣
ӥһϬҲˣҵĳԱţʦļ֤ﱴ˹ִ֣ҵ̸ɱﱴ˹
鷳ˣ
ϵ۾зһ죬Ȼӵͷ޸ĵʥͼ۾һڵΰɣ죬׵£ͼЯ˹۹ٹ֮ԼѱĲ
ǲǼ飬ֵһʲô취أ
ףȵȣƺ
ϿڹѸ֤ʣҪҳһЩ뵽Ӣָ֣ﱴ˹ͼڡʱһ󵨵ģ˵Ƿ뷨ðˣ˹طˣ㾹Ȼ˵Ӣָң֮


123 Ӣ齵ǵүү֮1
˵⻰ʱ򣬽ɫߵָźڹѸܵĪԩ
ﱴ˹˼
ϵָ𣬺ڹѸǳûнӻ׵¹ʦȻ˹طָͼڣеĹʣȫҵӢ֮ϡ˵翵Ĺָ֮㣬ȷЩˡ
Ǹؿ죬׵˽ϣǣ˹ط˼˺ǧȷΪ֤ҵףҼһɡ
ãΪ֤ҵףǼ飡ϵ׵¹ʦΪ˹ط˵ԵʣҼȵʽ;ˣزۣǶڵĲٸʮӵʱ䣬ʽ
ȻǼȣҿٸʮӣ£أ
׵·ʮСʵ˵Ҳٵʮӣﱴ˹Ѿɷˣ㲻뿪ǵߣɸ
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˿첽ܵɸ棬µϣФﱴ˹ˡ
µ˵ʣɸû⵽˫ȴؿѸٽӡ
޵ϣͼʦһصԡͨ䣬ͼʦ߻飬壬һЩ˺ͻɵ顭
ɯĸ޸ĹؼϷдһ仰
û׼ٻĹҴڹѸĻԡ
ȻһûùȻٻλͼǰǷ¶ʲôѾĵزֻƴһƴˣ

ؼ˵Ĭ֮нĻ꣬þڤ飬ָ֮֮;·š
һлͻȻ֮䣬ɫ䰵ˣ
¡
ԭưôµɸһ׻УУңһʱ䣬ҹյŨ߷֣ĩ˼䣡
ѵ
ӥȻһâ
׵¹ʦɫ䣬ɫɻ·ʮ˵£ɸ붯¡Ȼ˵ȥˡ
ʲô·ʮæ׷ʡ
˫ۣζΧı仯׵ᣬÿһ仰˵ͷ£еһλҪˣ
Ҫģһλ
·ʮ˷ܵսȭͷӣСʵۺ˷ܼһֻ꣡
˵һλԸʷϵɣȻ
׵µǷһ˿Ц仰Ϥ۹ʷĹǣľذ
Ͽɲ֪ӢҪǳʲô׼ȷ˵Ѿһַǳľ硣

˭
ﱴ˹ô
Ȼµ˳ƺΪﱴ˹㿴һ꣬ﱴ˹ӵô
Գơ˭
һ翵ǳңͺһٶƲ伤ҵ
ۣǰһƬɫգͷû죬ûеأΧֻһƬƬĻɫģʬʱð
ס죡
ͻȻ֮䣬һɣͷʱȻֹֻʣĪ˭Ѿ壬һʱ˼ͨǱȥһȥ˼һߣһ˭ȥ
̧ͷҪѰԴ˻ɫ֮ʲôҲֻСʣ˵ģҵ𣿡
·ûиоϵĴڣǲɣΪʲô˵ˣȥ˼ô
һ֮У̵ҲѾ뿪˼ʮˣǶȥ˼俴һһߣֻǡֻһˣ޷Ӧ˭ȥ
ճĬá
Ȼ޷ôȥɣ
ʮӺΪ׵ָһˣȻһŵЦðɣȥɣ
ͻȻŤˣɫգۼѪɫϵĿ⻹ûдɫľޱлָһٶͻȻʧ٣ͺûгֹһǣһλѾ˽ǰʮӣòмƣȣһݰȴֹʽš
ǡ
ϸҪ˵ѾʳָߣءꡯһͼڣʲôҲҪ˵ʲôҲҪʣСһȻ㿪ͨôδһӣҽռ壬˫ۣ˫ȥȥ˼硭
еſ˫ۣɣҰɣ

ɸ棬ͺУϹ򵹵ͻȻΡɽվ
ˣıӰˮ͸ˣǲ˫ȴƺ޾ѹ˫֮䣬ݣ
ˣˣˡ
ɸ֮µǧ˳ܲѹѹѹعһƬֻ·ʮ죬Ͱ׵ͦվš
ǰ׵£˹۹ĵʦ˵
׵µɫһĵɫͷ˵ʼٵģλӢ飿
ͼڣȤؿ۰׵£ʱǵɫĳѩɫϵļҲڲŤһ㵭ɫէȥȻмֽϵӣѾһˣһӢ飡Ȥͼڣ
ϡӰ׵֮󣬸һߺȻ죬죬ҵ֪˭Ҵ㣬˵֮Ȩ
ҪȨ۴½Ȩֱκһ˵䣡
߰ͷ­ҵҵ𡭡ɸ棡
ɸ磡
ؼĵһȣͼ̨ĴʼˣǧǰѾ޵ֵɸأ
ǰȻǲ죬ܺãǳá죬ҽ㣬ҷģ
ϣ˵ɸص˵ͷȻĿ·ʮϣôأҸƺ㣿
ƺ۱ֺͳƺʱ򣬲ô·ʮƻЦЦ̯򵥵ĻľɸѾһ̯ӣָĺͼڣҪĺôɸ棬ճܸһЩô
˵ʹõ壬һͼڣ
ɸŹŵʽ΢Цָָ˹طˣŮѣɸôǱͼڣɸ磬ήһͼϣɸ֮壬ûκα΢෴ʥģģΪɸ˼Ļ
ɸĻ
κˣ
ȻܿԼ壬ڿһɸȻȻϵɸ硯ⱬըԵϢЩϲӵػȥ
ɸĻӽֵҵĻɸĻ

ɸôֵ֪Ǹðƻô˵ֽڡҡĻ
ڽɻ֮ʱɸ׳һĵը


124 Ӣ齵ǵүү֮2
ҵǣ
ɸ߾˫ۣ˵ɸ֮Ҷ壬˼ĻҸ͸ͨԺΪ֮֮䣬ɸ־
ĴͷڻܹԼĻ
ɸĻ⡮ǽصġ֮䣬Ҫ˺򽻵ôԺһЩ˵Ǿû˻ỳһͼڵģ
ɸһ仰ýϿ£ʹ
·ʮɫζ׵¹ʦ΢΢üǧҳԱͱ͸Ѿȵ˵ˡ
Цɸ棬ôɸǰ۾޶գҵĵҶȴָﱴ˹ΪĻʶԺ˭˵㣿죬ﱴ˹
죬֮һᴦģ
ɸӵ죬˵ͷ­֮ʱȻѹ˵Ҫҵľٶú͵ѾɫʹҲѾңҪδľޱбסңҵƴôɸ
һ˿Ĺâ£̣ɸ磬Ѿʷˣ
ʷǣǰѾһӦó˼ϹŶඡ
ɸƿ죬Цҵǣɸ磬Զͬڣ
ɢ磬ɸˡ

۾Ľϣ
Ȼһ棺·ʮ׵£죬ǧˣ־ȵעϡĹâƺҲϡ
ģʲô
ϡɸһУ˵ʵԽԽͿˣ
ֻ֤ԼһͼڣɸĹ֮ҲԸǣɸĿĺ񲢲ǰϣǡһԤԵʾ
ú͵ѾɫʹҲѾҡ
仰ԤһǡҪδľޱбסңҵƴλʲô˼
ĶͷʹҲȥˣ˹طˣ
΢ЦĿӺڹѸɸĻ㶼ˣʲô˵ģף㲻ỹһͼڰɣ
ڹѸɬ˿ڿˮ
޻˵ˣôת죬үӣɸѾ֤ҵףôľ˹طˣʾ£δŮˣ
ͷǰɸ𾪣·ʮ׵˾һ˼䡪óĽȻЩ޷ܣȴ
۹ںռſսڹҼսУ˹ؿƵľóʵ̫ҪˣԵ۹߲һ¾ȡûԼʮū֮󣬳ǽ飬һ׷׷Ȩ
˹ط˱Ȩֵ֧۹ս㣺һ޳ṩ㹻ʮʹһʳװڶʮ֮ڣ˹µľóߣռŵ۹ṩκξʡ
ڹѸǩ˾ļ֮ﳤȥϰյĶͷ
ףȻʮūûˣҲڹѸ𡭡콻ֵҵ˰ɣ
ţѾ˰뵽һ棬Ȼ˵޵ϣȻ˹طѾͷˣңº͹ʦһɸ棬ʲô
˵Щ𣿡
񣬽ʼ磬ðɣҸһʵڹѸӦһͼڡɸڵʵ˵һ飬ֻȥ˹ʿһڣֻ˵ڹѸҪɸƺ©ɱԼƭȡʮͶڹѸԼĶ֣Բ˫磬߼޻Լһͼڡ
˹ؾȻ֪³ʥ£ɸܣ
΢˫ĿȻ̾˿սڼ׷εʱ򡭡޵ϣ㲻öκɸ֮ڵ飬Ҳ˹طˣô
ԸָָԼԴүӣҲ֪ɸͲ³ʥµܣᡭ٣ժҵԴڰɣ
ɸĻɸ־Ҹɱô
쿪ЦƵ˵Ȼȡһģһɫϻӣһһа档
˵ǶŽ΢ЦЦķǳģǳĳ죡
ǽȴ͵վ亹죡
ɸĻ⻰ͨҳԱĪǰˣɸ統ҲҰȻͦ찡
ϴģҪǰɸ绯ҪӦĹȨһӣΪ˱֤ͳεȨԻῳԴ
үӣЦˣɸĻﱴ˹ү޵ϣժȥԼͷϵñطǰүӣðﱴ˹Ѿָʾ޵һЩʲô
ģԲȥ޵ϣȻһˣ춪ϻӣ۵һֵϻڵϣһذףȻҪǽϸ˵ɸĻҪȨذףͻϳڽϵ֮ڡֵϻ˽ǰһһ鵭ɫơ
ҵңԶᱻûʾ⽭ƣЦڿʼ㲻ﱴ˹ˣﱴ˹飬ҲҪʡôҵس࣬޵أ
ࣿ
Ͼȵ̧ͷ͵ȻףְԼԼڷѣ
үӣ̸֮ʱһҵʿ˽
쵭ʣ񣿡
Ǽ⽻Ħйأ
쳤߳񣬡Ȼ񣬾롮޵ϸ࡯ϰɣ
ոµĳƺʿɫ䣬࣬ɱﱴ˹ү֮һֱԸڼű֮УԴ˱֤ﱴ˹үѾϢй¶ڼ֮ǰ
ʲô
Ѹҵ˴ĸоʵ
ʿɫüȹ죬֮ǰͻȻԣȻơڻмĦҵӢ飬õҪʾϷĦң
Ҳˣ
ɸԼ˼䣬ĦҵڣҲ״ʾ
ߴͼҵǣʲôϷô
ŶЩˣʥϼһòҲҪˡ
ϺȻһɽ¥ĸо
֪ԺڹѸһлֻǱǰ

뿪ɸãڹѸ֥ǽҵ
ʿأ˹طɭɭʵ
ЦѾˣû˵һ仰Ͷˣ
ڹѸָģʿűǵ룬˹ڴģϹʿŵݣ
ˣڲҹʿ˵ʱ򣬼ƻѾʧˣǡ
ʲôҲҪ˵ˣȸȥ۹ѧԺ
۹ѧԺ
򵥵Ľ棬λԺٴǸéݣҲǸɸ磬װ鶡ˣȵ˵ϵġаʥأ
ΰľ
ڹѸéǰͬϴλԺ˵棬ĳаʽΪıȡʮͶļƻʧˣµʾҸع룿
źڹѸéȻһ㵭ɫ
罭ģרڹ꽵ٵɫ
ǰҴװ⣬ҵ־ҵ룬װһﰲǰһϣʧˡ
ڹѸһ϶ϵæһɺϣҲһͷϣǡԯ׶µһˮơ
ΰҲװһʧģҷ־Ȩɣ
̾˿˹أ㲢ҵҪ󣬵ǧĴѹѾûˡðɣһԣ
˵ţɫгһ⣬𽥻ûɢһֻɭɭͷͷԺһԷĻƽɫĺ
ƽ
ͼ֣˵ؼعˣҵɸҲʼжˣĦҵȡҲոѡһ׵Ĵˡ˹أú͵ѾɫʹҲѾңޱУطҵ־ҵӵƽ֮ˡ
ҵ֮أ
˹ط˷ܵʡ
ȴͻȻʧˣ˹طʮ֮ٴ̾˿˵ĪĻ⣬ؼعˣ
ΰѾ
˹ز̧ͷ
ǵģѾˣΪʲôûиеɻأ̾ϢӦңΪʲôΪʲô޼ؿٴλع˼䣬ңȴԾڿѰŻع·;ȣЩⶼ벻պܷҵ־
ԭҵ˹طصͷΣԭԺҾٷͬĴ󣡡
ţ֪ͺáʵڸ㣬ط˼䣬ȴûУΪ
Цأõ˻ƽİ

ǵģƽЦԣ˹أôƽЩϹŶع˼Ĺؼҵ־ҵƽȻ󲻹ʲôֶΣҪңط˼䣡


125 ʿ1
˲һĹ壡仰ԡ½ʷͨеĹѧ̲ģҲǴ½ѸһȵĽɡڽϿ仰ļֵʵԡƨ

ﱴ˹ĻɸĳֶЩı仯ԭȵļƻڻ֮ҪģѾɸĻȻµĴǣϻָ޵ϵݣﱴ˹Ƕơڻ֮ĵҹ׷ɸĲ֮ȥˡ
ţҲǡʧ١˵
ﱴ˹ˣ۹ȻһӦ˵ﱴ˹ʧ٣ֻĳɸؼ׼ΪҵսҲ˵ﱴ˹ˣ쵣ɸĻԼļȨǰɱԼӡ
྿ͽڣֻһĿռ䡣
ĵ죬ʽΪҵġ࡯Ҳҵ⽻λȨصĸ䡣
Сʵ·ʮ֪ģȻҲ͸˽һͷΡ
ֵѾ˼Ҫʲô
ƲƲ죬ŵ̫࿴˽ϵĲмԼġ顯æ˵ˣյ۹ɣѾӵˡ졯Ȩ
죿
׷˼ף۹ȨӵԼغ;ӣ˵ǣйһأȻƬ齨һ֧ˣȫЧڽϵ˽װ
Լľӡ
ȻĶڽļ죬Ϳ˼ܼҵȫ֥ǽһбɹݵľ޴ׯ԰򵥵֮󣬽ׯ԰ǰһ浭ɫġļһգһѴϵĽʵϸĿ
ΪģѽϷΪ沮
һʱ䣬沮޵ϣҫ׼ķĦҵ鳤ףΪӡ۹̳Ǳǡ
Ϣкܶ࣬ϢҲ١
硭
άʧˣ
άŮҵĵȴʧίʵһСĲֱһʿ˵άǵʱ߸һŮˣͼĵ鶡ˣˣά֮Ÿһ䡣
άǲǻ֡
˭ȥأ
άʧٵĵ죬һͷβĻϢ˹۹
328գռŵ۹һǿߣĿԪ˧ʱһҹ֮乥˵۹򣬰սƽ˾֥ǲ߰ٹĵطһʱ䣬۹𶯣·ʮᵽ˵۹Σ߲飬ʮ֧ߵľţܼʮǰߡ
֧ŵݿǰȷ壬ܾ٣ĦҵĵҶжˣ˧һǿߣܴ˵أ
Ŀ죬жռŵ۹ӶǮ࣬۹ǰ˰ٺӶԾͼӳĳƣ̼䣬ľѪڣѪڣԭ֮½Ѫڣ
ʫ˿ʼⳡս֮Ϊʷʫʱ򣬽ϣȴԼĲ汥ŴݲС
ʶǣһ𣿡
סǰĲ練־һֻ߽űЦе˵ʱԼҵĿʮŵˡ
ž
һλ˾еݺݳڽϵֱϣ΢Цװ޵ϲĶһһκ𣿡
ǡ
ž
Ƚ˵ָ꣬һ˺ۣ˻΢Ц˵ðɣЩͷﲢݣˣǺڣٴǾơ
ϵֱѾʮ˺ۣЦҡͷʵʵٴξ˸߽ű
ԣԣĲûһǱ𣿡ʹļ׵ض߽ű뽭һĶע⿴ҵĶʹø߽űƵʱ򣬵һֶ뱣֤üëƽУͬʱĿӶԷıǼ⡭
ŽƷˣǱϹϾɫ죺ϼһʣĸҪһЩԺɶɼص
ϼһһֵڵӰɣһ򵥵ġxѡҲǱƵ˵֮š
ʮλǻҵʦ͢٣

ǰԵ۹ݳϯһλҾ硣
ڽϿνҾ޷ǾǳԳԺȺȣύѵ飬Ҳ⽻ıְȻӦ˸߹ƼһŰɯ÷ĹĽϾ˵ע׷׿ޡҳһ⽻١ɲ룬һλļ֮󡭡
һλ͢ǰŵָſڣˣ⣬ҰŹϺ𣿡
ϱظ˳ʱŤͷһֻۣһƬƬı񣬳ЦݣҵͬҲͨ죬·ڹǰӡ
޵ϣ㲻ūˣҵ⽻٣ҵ󣡡
㾹Ȼȥһλļ죬ʾ㲻Ըλ彻ߣǻӦңûаҵλؿϡԸ֪ƾ˼
ҵıԹУԼϳԭ򣺹壬ŵĴʣҪȦӽɣΪһλĹ壬׼ĹǱزٵߡ򡭡Զֻһֱɲı
ǵڶ죬ϸԼʮλḻĹ͢ǽʦ
ţҪȫ°װ޵ϵҲҪﵽְҪ
˵ⲻ𣿣
ѽѽ׵޵ϲ𣿡
ڽϱĥʱ洫˼Ǳ־Եǻ
ҪüʮĿæһļܼҵѣԵƬ̺Ϊǵ飡
˵꣬Ƿ⣬ǣԭҵʧΪһλҲܾȥһλ壬Ҹº𣿡
ˣǿγ̿Աҵˡ
Цˣһλ˸˵Ǳҵ࣬˱׼֮󣬻ӦþһԼɫһЦչȫ׵һ˵ɫǳ֮Ϊ

Ӻ󣬽ϱһ
һ˫ɫë޿ѥһɫ˿񳤿㣬ͬɫĴĳѥºӦĶ͹Ե⽡˶вθС
ٿӣֻһͷɾɫ̷˳شǰͱϵһܽ˿۾ãһµĺɫװУ⵭ɫͷ͵ɫ۾Ȼһ˳ŵĸо
ǵĳɹ
׵أ̫˼Ҿ
ȵסؿڣ۾ųĹâ
ʱһɫУʻ˵ĲǵĿҲܼ򵥣õһеڣɱϵĵսȨȣ
ڼ۾ؿڳϣһܰ⣬һеĽ̸ȡģѾȫĹҪˡ
ֻƤԽԽ
˵ׯ԰ڽʮ֮⣬;ߵ̲㵢˲ʱ䣬ׯ԰ǰʱѾɫɷڵʱˡ
ǵ
˯Ľϣֻ΢΢
أϻԺӡ
ˣǻҪҪ
ᵽϻû˵ԶȻһǰ޵ϲˣҰ
ȵסͣˣѣ
̵һֻƤ
ֻׯ԰ǰѾһ׳Ҳӵ˽ĵ۹ʱپǰƴɱ˳ϵķ˻һѪϲ֧ʸİ׷ˣߵؿ˵ң棬ҵмˣ
ˣѾŲסҪҪأ
ٿ
˹ؿ˵Ķ֡
ɱ˺پӵʮʿʮǰɫΪǸȴһƽɫӼס٣ʵԶԶԽͨľˣʮΧžȦһ·ۣ䣬һѪȻԾƵΧپӣ
ʮ٣Ǹأ
ߵ촽Ц͹Լֹ죬ˣ˼ҪҪأ
ժ½˿۾˯ۣȻִ˾ŨŨϡ
ѽҪҪ
ɫģ
ϵһָǻƽɫӼףһ⣬ֱĽʿ
Ȼ򣬳Żҵľ󡮿Ц˼
Ц˻ʵʵֵң˾ը䣬䣬䣬һը˼ʮ˵˽ʿȻըһֱͨǻƽʿĴ·
˳żٵĵ·ϳͨط䵽ǻƽʿĸȻһۻҵġ糵ȭصغʿͷ
ϣɣ
һаˡӰٶȣѸףʿµս޷еѹ׵壬ڱһһ̯࣡


126 ʿ2
սǻƽʿȴӲͦŲӿһȭ˫¶࣬İȻͦͷϵĽϣһ̾ɱս
үǵĲӺüͦۿƽʿȻҲ˫ȭڻƽʿ֮ϣ
ͻ
ͷʼǻƽʿųһɫ׹⣬׹Ѹٸȫһ׹սףȻʿ˫ǣ׵磬ͻȻץס˽ϵ
žžž
ϵƱƤðһ̣
ǰ¿ֻ·һˣһӶȻ䱡أֽƬ絶棬˶һ޳ӣ˻ƽʿ˫֣һһǳǳĵۡ
⵶Ȼأȴƫƫ˻ƽʿĶһʱѪ

˵һ
һܾ˵Ļƴ֮󣬻ƽʿ뽭ϵľ룬ӻһֻ׵˿ס˿ڣ̾Ϣĵ㾳磬Ѿ㷢ӵ˼£ǵ۹ѧԺѧ
˵أ
ϻɢԵӣԼģֻһƬмѾ¶ɭɭİ׹ǡ
Ȼǵ۹ѧԺѧҿˡƽʿ׵ûһʮֳģҡҡһָʱ··ҵʿŲṥ㣬뿪ɣ
Ҳأ
һƽ˿۾
ʿ׹ʮֽȻҵʴȣʿǡ
ҪҲҪѻ˵ѣȣķôմǿγ̱ҵıһָҡҡûӣҲǼ˵ǿ˵ɣǣ
ƽʿһЦ㲻֮䣡
ףôĿ
ƲƲ죬ʱ˱ϸ׶ı󣬱ߵ޵ϣǳšڡģ˾ɱҸ׿Ѿ
ϵϸѾ࣬ˡ
Ҳǳģ
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ûУھ
Ϸк˸ӣЦڻھͺãｻңߣȥ۶ȣ
΢ߣ㲻ҵʴȣͼˡܺãҴ֮ͷƽʿʮֽϷһֱյ׹Ѷţߣˡ
¡¡
ŰһӰٶ˵ͭʿ帽˳Χ˽ϵˡ
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˵ɫˣɬذһСϻӽϣ޵ϣ߲ˣڸ㣬
ڸûȥ
ϵɫҲżߣߣô
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ˣϷԼˣȫҿҪɱļȮˣʱһԸΪͷƴľǣѪЩĶ
ˣǸүǶӦ㣡
üߣԼȴӿţȻŬ˹ɽȥֻ־һ̫ǣ㶥ì˹֥ǣҴ˾ҹûкۡҪǱסһڵ۶ô
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ΪãƷͼʦıǡͼڹΣ
䣡
ǣŹΣʿ룬һʱ䣬ϢŰԭķĳҳһȱڣʮͭʿΪ׳Ʒ
ǡǻƽʿüͷ΢΢һ̫ͼˣ߱ڣ޷ȷϵԣһ֮ڻ֮һʿȻһЦԭһУȫܺãܺãǿߣ֮־
ʿǣȥ׷ˣҽ˹ƽһս
ƽʿɢȻһرƽ˽ϣʮʱȻ٣ʿǰ˵Լ֣ذڰǿߣƷ׵ͼʦĪﰧ

ҹɫʣֵ֥͸һգµļ㻹ڣǽԾפһЩߵľӣս·ʮĴģ֥ǵؾȥЩϡϡ䣬ġ
һƬУȴԵ졣
£صĵطǻȥɡ
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Ӫˣ
·ʮصغһĵ۶ĳӣȻڵ۶Ϯ۹سֱǰСʵ۵ԴͰ
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׵µɫȻЩͭʿʵˣ׷ʲôˣ
Ҳ֪ǳŸһıģ˾ɱ˾ӵı֮У˿ϴ󺰵ʦ޵ϲڰ׷־
׵²Ϊɱˣʲôװˣ
һƽӼ׵ʿʮʿһʮͭʿ
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127 ĵĲ㾳磨1
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ʮʥʿеһλĿһǽڶսĵذڰĪﰧ
⣬ʮƽʿʮΪ±ƣͳ˧ȻЭʥʿţ
ѸЩѶϢ·ʮһں˵Է촩ŻƽӼףʹ׵ӦþȻЭʮƽʿ֮һĪﰧ
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׵ۿͭʿҡͷ£˺޵ϿȻЭᣬ˭˭Ƕ뱣۹ߣǿУʵڲȻЭˣһ仰û˵˹ʥ۹ʢʱҲȻЭ˸ƽֶѰ
·ʮ۾˵޵ϲǰͲҪˣƾĪﰧɱɣ
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׵£ͼǿߣ
ʿȻסս۾һ󰢻׵£ֵʿǣԭפȺĪﰧ˾ϣ


˰ϸ׽ҽȣԼܵ·ʮǰصл¾֮޵ϲƴɱ¡
ˣ֪Ķ˭ô
׵ʾ·ʮܿ˵Ŀ⣬ȻĶȻЭᣬֵ׷Ѿ御ˣҪ֪㡣
ȻЭᣡͳһҲ֪ȻЭǿ󣬸֪·ʮϾðյģǡ
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ĪﰧƺǽеĿǣ
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зݣƴӲһ׵磬Ӱȫٿ֥ǵķ
׼ȷ˵Ҫȥ۹ѧԺѰת˲ŵУ

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ãĪﰧǣ˹۹ԱøĪﰧ޵ϵľҰ׵µ


128 ĵĲ㾳磨2
Сʵۻǰ׵¡Ȼͬţ
ԶԶ˰׵µʼ磬ǽ˵۹ѧԺ
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ȵԺڣǽϣǰ󵶷Сʦ壬ϵǽѽ˫ôˣģ׵ͼô
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ʦҲԹ޵ϣбǱϾʦ֡
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۹ѧԺλԺԣ
ȻĪﰧĪﰧȻЭʮƽʿ޵Ͼص۹ѧԺôҲ̽޵ϣȡҵĿˡ
λʦֻ࿴һۣʦƲƲ죬ȥĪﰧ޵ڵܲһСʱͳȥ϶ѧԱܲеܲ޵

ܲҪ㣺ȣ׼ϸ
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129 ҳȨ
ͼʦͼʿ𣬼֮ͼʿֻԼսͼʦȴԵȻЭս
Ƕ˵ͼʦľ磬Щ˽ħʦ
ͼʿͼʦҲǴӽţʿԶħʦĽ
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ԿΪôͬתΪ֮ô
֮ǰڵ۹ѧԺ仰˳µأĬĬתؾΧȻϢתԼ
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ԺһƬתȫӿͷȻγһûʵʣȫܸдõͼᡭ
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ˣ
߸Цʵ㣬˵˽ϲɫҪǱ˵ȥ׵£ΥԸô
ˣȻڳȻԭ֮½ûбһɫʣУֻһǿ壬ʺʮ𾦾ࡣ

֮Ҫȥ䣬˴û˻ȥˣ
Ļ׵µüëһָҪ˵ꣿĪǡ˵ʲôر֮

װ˵ĸ
ڰ׵º꽻֮ʣǳϵҽƵضģ˵Уװʲôҽ˭֪һū
ϲûҽڸĲһȦüʣ˵ĸأ
˵޶ôŶԭҵĻϢѾˡ
ôܣ
ۿ޶ƣͷȻкģûеɵĵز
޶ʬȥһ
Ϊ޵ϣ޶İϢô
ҽмüͷ
ϵ˼˿ϱӣߵľҽΪЩ£˶Уû˿ڵʾ͵ӼʮٷֵƵģ
ֱĸҽѧֶˣ
̯˵ľλǣ
ҽ߰ͷĪĪӾ
ң練ʲô
ָָԼؿǱҽһģϺɫĲ練ʵشһλߵȹ⣬ΣôӾ£
ߣ޶ʬ壬Ѿ͵ʹͣʬȥˣ
ҽ㬵غ˿ȽԶ֮÷ǳͬ˵ţԺ޵ϺļҪǲˣ˭Ҳǣ
仰һˡ
ȣȣ
֮һҵĿӻȵڴ
ҽʶؿۣȻſˣ۾Բˣͺ񿴵ȥĸ״ӷĹһ
Ϻ̧һܻˣ
ҽ޶
ڵϿԣ
ָӽ޶ͽ·ҽߵʱҡͷ̾Ϣ˵޶Ѿˣ۹Щ⡭֪жȴûˣ⡮Сˣ
ҽҺҵļ˲أǲִô
νʼ磬ûϵҵҽǻҪǿһЩңҲѼ˽ЩСƣ
죡
ڻﰧ̾Сʵҽ˹۹Ǵ˴½ҽѧˮƽҽѾ޶ˣǣ޵Ͻ˼ӣ޶ɫؽ벡
½õҽʦԭ޵޵ϲ
޵ϣСʵۿܵس˽ϡ
ʱ򰢻׵ҲӲ˳Сʵ۸æת򣬡ʦ˻𣿡
׵һɫȻҡҡͷ
ţ˵˵ǳر𡯵Ļһ⻰ʹ񱻴ʹۣɷ˵׵£ٸ˵һ仰̽꣡
ʧˣ
λʹӦڽ˵ɣ
׵û˵ıѾ˵һС
Сʵ̾˿Ȼ޶æȥƽϣ޵ϣȥˣ
£ΪţҪκ˽ң
ϳ˲ɱڣ룬Ҳұ˿Լַ֮ͰѷŸˡ
ٶ˰׵һЦ
㲻뱻˿ҽַԣ
㻹֪ɣλʹڽ˵꣬һˣʹǰס˵ô


133 ѶϢ
֮ϣ˿һ˫Ѫɫ۾رţۿҪ˶ˡ
˵ǣҽǡӣؿڡַȻӹȴײذס˵ļҪѪܣûгִʧѪ֢״
ҪʧѪ࣬ȱѪеĽϻ޲ˣ

һӼҽȡѹģһȡ޽ķߣʮֹѪǯ
һ˵Ǵֲڵߣϳȵش˵˿ڡ

ϲûпͨطҲͿڽ˵λʹ
ʱ޷׽ĹУ߸ӵʹѾеĹӹס˵ǿףذק⡣
˵һƬجج֮УأƮƮ뿪塭
ȵȣ
ǰӵȻһĸ߸ӵļָŽ˵ˣ
ǾȰɣ߸ӵ겻мƲƲ죬׵¶ûоˣͨҽʦ
Ļû˵꣬Ȼ߸һԭûͻȻǧصȻصֱ̧ˣ
ԣ˲ͨҽʦæ
߸ɫ΢䣬ͬһͬ
ǡ
һأ˵꾹Ȼص֮У
죡߸ӾСعסĵʮλѾԴˡعӡ˾ܡѵҽܻҪ𣿡
⣬ʲôҽɱ˻Ǿˣ
ضŽϣһʱû߸˵Щʲô
ע£Ʒͷûе豸ֻðԼھע֮ڣַ˵ิա
ԭ֮½ʹַǿϸǳ˵࣬һ½һµͺڹԼɱˣ
⿴ơɱˡַȴ˵곹׻عˣ

ڲһ
˾ȻĶ˵꣡߸ԼǿյĹӣȻɫ䣬˾ȻȻƽܡ
УȻϮϵ沿в˼䣬֣㱳͵Ϯ˵ץȥ
ãץϵҲգۼ嵽˽ϵı
ʹһǰһǽϡ
Ǿ仰ûпͨطͲ֪Ѿͷˣ
ͣͣ
˽ϵ꣬ǣֻǴ˸սȻ󣬵ͷƣʹȴȹ춯
ڴϵһ˲䡭
ǵͻȻڻˣ
˵йŹ֣
߸ӵУ
˵йŹ֣
Ŀɿڴ
ǺǣȻйŹˣ
ͻȻ֮䣬һŵЦһǱ΢΢Ƿ˵޵ϵûйŹ֣ɸ磬Ϊ˼Ļأ
ľȻҵҵҶɸĹ꣡
ʹŵת˾ɸ磬˿ɸ£뱣ô뿼˵ҽѾв
ǵģǵģѾһУǲܸһЩӣŹ˼ĻôɸԼ
ʹɸ¿˿ڣԵŹ޵ϣ
Ҫ׷ǽ飬
ɸԴЦЦ޵ϲɸĻǡƽ
ƽʹɫ⣬ָŽϣ˵ػعĻƽˣ
ȻɸЦĺţػعĻˣ޵ϣ
ȻˣǾ͸ˣ
ʹϹˣǰ߸ӿɸ粢ûŲŲɸ£һͬô
Ҫһֱ޵ߣţģ
ɸָָ޵ϵİ£֮ؼпĻ»ع˼䣬ʱ޵ϻȥĻ£أǺǣȻҲҪۼ֤صĻعʽඡ

ҽݻȡ
׵ѾˣŽϿԾˣѾ֪飬û鿴ȥ˲ɣƤﻹ
ߣҲʧܵʱѽ
Ű׵µıӰСʵ·ײмغһ
Ͱ׵¹ϵǳ΢
ǵõ۶һУʧȥĸưͣ˵õĴºšⳡУ˹һλʵۣϸҲȥˡ
ҵǣϸǰֻһӣҲǵʱʮ·ʮһʮĺӣ϶ǲִƳģǰϸָ׵·׵ʦ󳼡
Ժ˹ĻȨڰ׵£ĦУ
СʵۿҺĦҶȨ浳ʱпıλġ׵ȻĹûв֮ģǡ
ϼһ̫Ϊˣ
Ĳ˵Ϳһ׵µıְɣڳ¥϶߻ʵ۵彣ڴԹȺָͺ˹۹û㰢׵£·ʮƵģ
ʦ֪ģ֪㲻ᱳңǡѾʮ˰
Сʵ·̾˿૵˵˵ᣬ˵Ҿ鲻һжץԼҶĻᡭ
ҪΪ˹ʥԺΰľҪģϹŶҪһģѪĸ󳼣Сʵۿ۲׼ȷ˵ڿĽϡ
ϧ޵ȨҵĳԱ
֨
Ŵˡ
Сʵ۴Լ˼˹ȥ޵ϣˣ
꣡
ָǰ棬˵£˸ҪϢ
㣬ľȻˣ
СʵʶԼ̫ˣæסͣϵЦ޵ϣȻһҳһصʹ㣡
ҲҪ֮
ϿѾףСʵϵ¶ˮԵӦ飬ǱΪһӵĲغһҹ۴½Ĳˣ
⵹һĻ˵УСʵۿҲЦ
ô
ȻϲٴҲ˵޲ɵϣĻƨǷֱĳġ޵˵ģĻ
£ӦѹʲôԸô
ίرǵ˼
Ŷ޻һǳҪ顭Сʵۺ뵽ʲôֻܿ˻֣ˣѾˣҲںһϣ޵ϣæһҹȻȥϢɣ
סŶʹң
Сʵҡ
Ӧǹҽɣ
üͷ뿪˻ʹһ߽ԼļţͰСʵ۵Ժ
ˣά˶࣡
ңͼػ֣ɫҲϰ֣ص㱣ĸأˣά˶࣬ڿʼǱʱػׯ԰ֻҪߣ˭̸ɵ
ˣΣô
˺Žϣ˼ָ


134 Ϊǿ
Īﰧ˻ʹˣڣ
뵽˵Ĳ״ֱۣʹʲôط˹۹࣡˭۹߷ԺĲӳ٣Īﰧҳʹˣ죬͸ҳҵׯ԰ɱңս֮Ȩ
⻰Σ
֥ǣ⽻֮С
Īﰧʿǡڡô
Īﰧվڸ¥ڣеһͷڡͷǶһȦܹ߶䲻֪ĻܣȻϣǲʺɫ
һλ׳İʿ
ţĪﰧְڶʿŵǰʿæסСģʿСģ
ҵʿʲôĪﰧЦЦûеôҡûСս֮ȨһͨͷڣˤҲϧ
Ȼüս֮Ȩ䣬鵽ô
ʿʿ˵յս֮Ȩһγ֣һ÷մУ÷մѾҡ
Ҳ˵սȨȵһ֣ҵඣ
Īﰧ˳ŴʹűĬ˰ΣȻֱۣʿϢһƣһ磬ȥҪս֮Ȩţһս
ʿ
ʿɫЩɡ
Ҵ˵Ȩ˵ɣ˵Щʲô
ʿֻЩףʿͷ˵ղڳϣ׵ѾӦںս֮ȨˣΪʲôҪ
׵´ӦˣҲӦˡ
Īﰧ̾Ϣ˵ҵʿ㻹ûп˹֡˹ʥ˴ĵ۹Ѿ˷ֱĵزˣ׵ƿȨƿؾȨĦƿȨ죬׵ȻӦңһӰ׵µôҪʥ˵սȨȣǱԼʮֽ
ʿˣֻǡ
ʿɫЩԥҪҲϽս֮ȨҪű֪ģҸƣ˵ˣ޵ϡԽϰ
İɣҵʿڲһ㹻Сѣõս֮Ȩģ˵ţĪﰧЦж˼˿ᣬ⣬Ժ벻Ҫǰ޵֣ô޵УĪﰧĳ裬ʥʿĳ裡裬㹻ˣ
ʿߵصͷ
ĪﰧֿܿЦ費̫õģ޵ϵʥʿҫôҲףʲôŽпĳͷ

𣿡
ׯ԰ϰȻЭ齲һ飬˵ĪﰧһҪս֮ȨҲһ֪ս֮ȨҺͼУ
ˣ˵ĲأǺȻЭᣬⲻһ
˼Ȼⲻһսǲ硭
Ϊǿɢ½˿۾
ǰɣǽϵ˺ͷ׹ָؿڱȻһɱƣӺ˵åأ
ǰأ
ҪʰĪﰧ޷취һڱ͵ϮĵذɱĪﰧʵѾˣһƽʿʮʿһҵͭʿҪӴװǰº֡
ѣ
һ취ǶһӣڸĪﰧȥĪﰧȻЭᣬȨѬ죬˼˰ΣҲ벻ʲô壬ð׵Ҳͷ˵Ļƽʿ
׵£
Ȼ֣Ȼʵ׵Щʲô
ѽֵ˵ʱ򣬰׵»ڶżͼڣϣȥʹľʥػסѽѽ
Լ䲶׽ʲôæ˵ˣð׵ԸĪﰧⲻȻ׵ǵ۶ΨһһͼĪﰧǰһĹ͹ء
װļ˵׵һʰĪﰧô
˵һλü۾ԽԽ
ˣѽ˼Ҷ֪ǻأ
ǻۣŶǧҪôʥҵϡ˵ð׵һôĿӣȻĪﰧȥΪҵļһ֮Ϊ쵰
һҹ϶æµţڶ磬ͼݻĹһ׼򵥵ҽ豸뿪˲ׯ԰
ս֮ȨͲ˼档
ǰɣ
˶һôĿͽ뿪ֻСֱȻһݺݵƣȻһά˶Դ˵ά˶࣬å̫ˣ˵ǲѽ
ϲйͨά˶ȴԡ
һﲻά˶һϸСĻϣ̧֮ͷ죬΢΢һЦָ˵ɮģ
ι˵ʲô׷ʵ
ΪһսȨȣ˾׹ȻЭ֮Уѡο࣬ο࣡
ά˶໺ңԸһĪﰧбҪ˸ӵֶô
ף˵Ĵۿˣѵиõİ취ʰĪﰧ
һ仰һԣ
ʲôʲôң˽׷ʡ
˵˵
ά˶վϹлԼǶʻȻ黨һЦ۾ǻ۵ĹâһֳһеĴǻۡ

Сʵ·ҪϾȥԴǼΪУǽϺͼ뿪ׯ԰֮˹ʹǰ
ͨһʹ̳Сʵ۵ּ⣬޵ϴˣڽأ˵һԣһƿʮĴѩɽأ
ǣֵСʵĿлЩ߽ʹ
ͻȻ֮䣡
ϣɣ˹Ȩ۹ĻʹǰȻһҵ
һʿڻʹǰ޼ɵ۳ңǰΪ׵ʿЦ޵ϣĺô飡
װү
ϺͼæϹ
Ϊ׵ʿʮͣ룬һ˫ϸ۾͸ֵĺ⣬һܸо˱ضӸλǸĺ
СװСӣҵĵڶ˳λ̳ˡߵȼϵһȣң۹ʵȨɣ
ûеһ˳λ̳ˣ⣬ǰװͻԶΪҵˣ
ҪǣװǼܼǰУ
ǵýϷĹǰܺôһ˵ıɵĵڶ˳λ̳ˡţװ
װүҲĻʲôĵ𣿡
װϸﲶ׽һ˿⡣
е´ȴûӳôװָŽϣȻЭĻƽʿ˰׵¹ʦϽ̼ܣˣ޵˸ҰѺȥϸʣ
϶㿪ļʿװүǲҲ˵ֻǱҹͣΥɷԵƬ̣


135 
˵꣬ϸǻʹһȵɫ̾˿˵װˣ޵ϲ˵ûȵżأǲǡ
үԶ⣬Ϊĵڶ˳λ̳ˣǴʱҵʵȨߣ۹ӵͳ˧װǰָؿڣҪ޵ϣô
ֵ̻̿ſ˵ϣ
װϸ۾һ˿Ȩյĵ⣬ңָϣ˸˵꣬סЦļܹܣҴ޵ϣô
Ȼҵĵڶܹܣ죬û˿ηװ棡
ɾʱ򣬽ϺȻ̯峤ԺûжҵװүҪһȥʻαض֣Ҹ߾ˣжԼ˵Ҷװڹ˽ҪڲһǸֵĽڣ
ͷԹȻתķɿ죬װ˦˦֣ʾԼ£Ȼ˵ˣСģ˼ȥ취
ţȥɣסȥСʵۣͰ˵õġ
װѺ½ű
봺֥֮ǶŢģϵĹűʱһƬ֮£ӣһʱпܽ١

ڽϿװҲʰԼڲȨ׼ȷ˵װеݲԼͼܼߵĺܽ
һűڵΣϵһ
иӵĶˣ
һűӭһ͵ĹʽͥԺаСʱһλϵͥԺ룬վһٶҵʿ
ѵǳԺϼһ
ͷƤ飬ȻûмλˣȴҲ֮ϻʮϣȫ汲ңʮλϲ¶棬ֻҪǳˣһ¹δĴ¼
ȻװϹ˵ϣ޵Ѿ
ţ°ɣ
Źǰ´һǵȴ͸һֱĵѹ޵ϣ֪
ϣ޵ʵڲ֪ʲô
С˵Ҫ˵ʥʿﰢ׵¹ʦȷЩףǡĪﰧʿ͹ʦѾԭˡ
Īﰧ͹ʦԭ㣬ڼҲԭ㣡
˵ҶԶ⣬ڲ飬ƫƫʱçײЩΪǿУ޵ϣдһмȨֱҶŷô
ϼһֵҸ˵ô
װϿҵӵͷϴ¹޵ķڷ
ţһ׮¡
һ׮£˵ɣ
Īﰧ߽ͥԺ
ѵĪﰧѾ鵽ս֮Ȩ䣬ˣ
ֵѾʼڿˡ
΢΢˿Ȼ͵Ϊ÷մﾹȻҲĪﰧһ˳ףǲϳɣ
㣡
÷մϣȵסĿڣǰһǿγУϼͷȫµ󣬾ֹʣҲӽͷСһλ͸ŵĹ壡
뵽ҽ׼òƵָĮֻǵͷʹӽ߹ȥˡ
˿ĿصĪﰧϣԭǸ£˵һ׮ǣ
÷մ˵һս֮ȨѾ˼ֽ㡭Īﰧ˵ȻЭϣõʥ˵սȨȣս֮Ȩ
ȻѾ鵽ˣЦĪﰧʿս֮ȨǼܼ͸ҵģ۴ĸǶ˵Ҷս֮ȨĺϷˣһ仰ҪҽԼıδЩ˰ɣ
ȻЭǽģֻ㲻ס
Īﰧ߰Žϣս֮Ȩҵ˼ҲҼλϵĹͬߣˣΪҵĳԱս֮Ȩң쾭壬ʲôָҲ
͵˺ϣ
뵽Īﰧȡս֮Ȩ뵽ˣĪﰧܲøֱֶΣû뵽ȳֱԼģȻҵĳϣ
ҵĸ߲㣬ȻԼˣ
𾪵Ŀ⣬ޱ飬޵ϣĪﰧʿ˵û㣬ս֮Ȩ
ϣҲ׼
ϿضԿĪﰧڳԼļ߲ǰǲ⼤ŭս֮ȨУҲУϣҲ֪ս֮Ȩļֵһ仰Ҫҵı͸ȻЭᣬѵǧͼڵһһȻЭô
ƺûϵָأ˵޵ϣս֮ȨȣǼ帳ʥʹ
˵ţԣС˵㻹ᣬһ׵ģνǱ˭ȭͷ󣬸ӲҶԶ⣬岻ʱȻЭᣬ㻹ǽս֮Ȩɣ
ⳡ棬ĪﰧװһЦ
ʵϣװĪﰧ˵ġСѡҲ棬ЭĪﰧԼˣҲװƲĽὭϵȫȨװڰĪﰧ

вȴ˵ܲӴֶýаЦֵҵļƻҲѾʼˣȻ컹ıǸˣ
ϣսȭͷ˫ĿԲװߵ˼ӣ
Ƭ֮ѹˣ˫һս֮Ȩôãҽ֮ǰһս֮Ȩ͸Īﰧ
ȵ䣿
ϸʿ˸ɫͬ޵ϣս֮Ȩ
ʿļ£뿪ű
Ȼ˻ʹ
޵ϣʹʲô
ѾְʿҲͺʵ
ս֮Ȩѽϸ;Ļʹк˵ս֮ȨҺͼеĶҪóͱ˷ֱƹһѵԿסʹҼܼҵġ
ʿ
ʱڻʹźĻȻǰ洫ĽŲ
һӻʼҪȥۿϹϲѽѽ޵ϲû£̫أ˼ҪЯʥּȥأʿȻûˣ˼߰ɣżأ
վס
ʿվ˽Ϻͼ֮䣬޵ϣѾҵ˼ܼңϽս֮Ȩȥ£
ϣԭҪս֮Ȩѽ˻ָûµ𣿵ȼ֮˵
ܹܣ벻ҪΪѣ
ҪΪѣԼ֪ʲôûҴܹܵءҼҪ޵ϣǸҲô
޵ϱְˣɼҵĴܹܣִɱȨģ
ʿԭأ
ţŹԣ׵޵ϴˣ
ϸһεЦݣЦе߽˻ʹ
һתȴĪﰧѾˣ׼ôˣ
һ׼͵Īﰧ


136 лǵĳ
޵ϻûô
޹֮УСʵ·׽ŲȥʱǣʱЦȰɯҪɯ
ʹű棬վڸ¥ȫԿűͥԺзһУԣСʵۺ׾ʹӻʹ˽⽭ϱѶÿһϸڡ
޵ϾȻԼ˸ˣ
Сʵ룬ǧҪΪ޵ϲźãȻ޵ҲҵĳԱģ£ͷԣҪΪ˹ʥ֮ΰľٲһλ󳼵ģ
޵ϲҵĳԱ
ȵȣ޵ϾȻԼ˸ˣ
СʵۺȻִЦʮĺӣɬ˼ά룬޵ϱԼ˳ˣһˣʱ͸ȫΡ
޵ǻصЧޣ
뵽Сʵ۵˼ˣˣȥ޴һߣޱü޵ϲ޴һ仰û˵֮޾취
£Ѿ޵ϴ˴ˣ
죬޵һ˽ٵһȣҪ£
һϹСʵ۾ϲʮĺ뵽ԼһʿС˵˵ΰľĽʱһҪֽ֮
ţֻ޻һɢ֮޵ϽŻЧңʷĳֲŻῪʼת

Ͽɲ֪Сʵ۵ЩʲôĪﰧҴҵ߽޹
Ȼ󡭡
ֻСʵ۶ϣһ׼ʱŻõĿۣӶ˵ϡһԴҪȦڣǳ鴹סӣһֱ˶ƤţһֻС󡣬˾档
˿ЦĴ磬СʵۻƴװһЦ飡
⺢ӵԴ¿ô
£ǿЦ
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Сʵø߰˶ȵɳɤ˵Ѿˣ㣬Ҫһ·𣿡
ʲôѽһʱûС˵оֵĹѪ԰ףϵĹҪģ΢лµĹģֻǱ¡
ҪѻĪﰧǾһ̧ͷĹ򡭡
ֻСʵ۵۾ɵԲԲģüëҲڳԼһһƺڰʾʲô
Ѿ˵ôˣ㻹ڵʲôЧѽ
Сʵ۵Žϡ
ҲһͷˮСʵۡ
ȣСʵ۵òӦ˵ĸ¶ǣ޵ϣѾ㣬δںη𣿡
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ѽôףСʵۼ޵ϣѾûδˣʩչҪҵһλӢ㷢Ӳܵ䣬˵
Сʵԣû˵ȥ
ĥһζˣ£ңתЧ
ȻҲ
СʵͷһֻʤС󡣬ɢԼϢ
⺢Ӳӱ¿ˣֻС˵ˡ

Сʵ۵ȫ뷨˵»ҪæһιѪŶΰɣ
£
ͻȻʹСʵǰʹ˵ǲʲôǣңǧҪ˵ЧĻ
СʵĿɿڴ㣬ûѽ
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ϺܵĪԩߵغ𣺡£˹ˣЧҵְҵҳϣҵҵһжѾˣЧңǻǰҳϣĵɣǳ裬裡
ʲôҳ
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ƨװĳͻֻǼڲìܣСС֣û뿪ҵĳ̶ȣң뿪ǧͼڵһңͶȨƵСʵֵۣвô
ϸûп飬ֻСʵѾ˿ڣҲֱӾܾ
£ΪһҪңϾȵҲǵ۹ҳңһЧ
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֪ȻʾǴ˾ţǵġ
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صش˼Ȼֻʮ꣬ȴڹʦıۿһơֹ˸ʵĿУ
ץס˽ϵ˫֣޵ϣҪҪ˹ʥ֮ΰľͱң㣬Ը𣿡
ϵӻ죡
ɱȻʣûȤᣬǣɱĦ桭صĸ
ҪҪ¸أ
޵ϣشңԸԸң
ϻعпЦֵѾ֪ܣ˵Ըô
벻ҾȻ浳
ҧгݵ˵£΢ȻҵĳԱȴһūûбӹ΢ԸЧұ£ؼ壡
ãСʵժԼ彣ϵķ֣ޣ·ģֻҪ޵ϰ޲ңޱض֤޵壬Ϊ۹ĵһȺţ
Сʵۿʱ򣬽ϻһת£΢ңһҪңһҪĻӵġ
Сʵ۵彣˶١
˵£ҿΪ֮С
ҵļСʵ۵ϸϲɫϵǵ޵ϣΣգ
Ϊ£΢Ҳǣ
ҳ
ʮ꣬һֱڰ׵µҵУᾭԵСʵӯһ㣬ŽȺ庢ӵĹĴ۰
ģ޲κˣ̫Ͱ׵£Ҳ˵
Сʵ˵˼ýϰĵĻҲʵˣ˵кҪҪްæ
˵ˣ
˼һԼСʵ۵ܹϵǵǵı£Īﰧҽս֮ȨҲܵ裬ҪһĽѵ
ҪѵĪﰧ뵽ĪﰧڳϺԼӣСʵ۳嶯˵޵ϣ˵İ취һ֧ѵǸ쵰
ҵİ취ܼ򵥡
Сʵ۶˵˼仰Ȼ󣬱½ʷѧҳ֮Ϊ±䡯һҹʼˡ


137 һôĿӣȥ1
űһŵĿ֮ڡ
װĪﰧһŲˣûˣȴơ
װ˹۹ΨһѣΪ޵ϱһУɱ
ĪﰧŵؾһƣֻװЦŰѺһˣʲô
װɫɻֻҲףȻ޵ϣɱǣαء
ҵѣѵ㲻Ϊ޵ϻܿɱô
Īﰧ̾˿֮ұ޵ϴȥĻ£֮ǰҲܣҲɱ
㲻ɱ޵ϣΪʲô
ȻЭĹأ㻹ǲҪˡ
ĪﰧȻЭᣬװʶȤת˻⣬ãˣҵѣҰ޵ϣõս֮ȨǸ˲ٵĴѽ˲˵Ϊ붯ϣҾ͡
ûбҪ˵ȥ׵ġ
ĪﰧЦ˵һرģ˵ɣʲôѴ
ǣѴ˵ϣֻܾ⡮ڶ˳λ̳ˡЩװ̽ʣȻЭܷһЩүӲҵһ̳ˣ
ȻԣĪﰧͷ˵һתʵڸңΪʲô衮һ˳λ̳ˡ滹ʲô𣿺ǣֻҵԭҲİ㣡
ȷһܣ
װϸ۾ų˾˵ĺ⣬ʵʮǰеһ˳λ̳˵ġҵСһһȦȷΧ϶û͵֮ѹ˵СһǸûи׵Ĺ̥
̥ж֣
Īﰧ΢΢һЦƺܶζƵġ
װص˵Сһ￴ȥǳһǡûиף
¼䣬ûи׵ĺӲ֪ҲǹôĪﰧЩ˵ҡҡͷ
ҵѣ㻹ûҵ˼ŶҲȷ⡭
װһ´˵Ǻûиף˼˵һ֮ǰĸףҲҵãһŮ
ŮӣĪﰧŵװ
װЦŵͷҿԱ֤þûбκƫƫˣһк˵⺢Ӳǹ̥ʲô
ȤĺӡĪﰧȤȻǺǸ̥Ϊһ˳λ̳˵أ
츳װɫ˵Ǻӳ֮չ츳꿪˵һܱƪʫģʱͼ֮ǿѾﵽʮˮƽ츳үΪ⺢ӿ϶ܳΪʷΰǲǺֻݣвȼ峤ϵͷǿа˵һ̳˵ı
һʼǺҲûүʧȵļ峤ǣҲʼϲǺˡ
װɫù죬ɾڱȷΪһ̳˵ĵڶ꣬ǺʱүӲ֪ôģͻȻɱǺӵĸףƣǺѾˡʵϣǺӲûǱ˾ˣүӲưոݣԴһ·׷ɱ˴ӡ
ĪﰧΪʲô׷ɱһļ̳ˣ
˭֪أүûжκ˽͡
װ˵ݵʱ׷ɱļ峤˵Ǻүһƣ׹˴ӣ϶ǻˡֵǣү֪ǺѾˣȴûȡǺӵ֡ҵĵһ˳λ̳ˣҵѣôΪҳֹһĹ̥Եһ˳λ̳˵ʸʼֲң
װĽĪﰧĬ˰ΣȻʣѾ˽ˣװڰȡȨĹУȻЭʹһЩҡֶ𣿡
װһЦԲκֶΣ
ˣ֮ڣȻЭһļλһ
˵£
ʱһһţأ̫һ֮еߵ㡭
װƺЩԣɫĪﰧü˵޵뿪ѾȥСʱٶȣȥҲûˣ
ѵСӵˣթ
װ͵ƿӣȵˣȥ޵ϵ䣡
ܿ죬һҽ˻ү޵ҽļȥ˻ʹ˵ͬʵ۱òͣ
װڻʹǰסϵģʱϳڻʹҲر飬ֻǽ˵ȥʹߴ޵ϣҪϻץҲץ
ʱֹȥһСʱ
Ǹҽͷ˻һ͹˵ϣ״˵װүȥʹֵܲûҵ޵ϣҽסˣ
װȻڻһƶҽʹʿˣҵȥ˭ǻҽҲɱ˵Īﰧ࿴һۣ޵ϣ㻹ˣթô
֮ǸҽٴλһͷѪ˴˸ףװүǰķԸӲʹ
Լһֻűĸ첲ʹ֪õʲôȻҸǶˣǱ˶ʮֵܣսУǻ޵ϵļҽǣǡ
仰Ҳ˵ôˣװŭ
ҽڹǱʹȣ˹ѣ
ٺ٣װȻЦĪﰧ˵϶޵ڵˣĪﰧҪȥһˣȥô
ĪﰧһֱھţһЦ룬ʥʿȫԱ

Īﰧʹǰ֮ʱɫĹŽţǰһˣѲߵĻʹһֻҲ£
صİ
ְı
֪ˣסʥʿĲô
Īﰧû׵ʮֽһţ޵ϣթų򣬳
źҲûˣĿ£
Īﰧüͷʮֽ˽ȥ
ûˣ
޹ûˣ
԰Ҳûˣ
ʹ񱻹֣һ֮˿һ˵أ
ʥʿǣʹÿһ䣡
Īﰧվ˵
ĪﰧѲԣǽеСЩߵװչֳҵڶ˳λ̳Ӧеǻۣ˵޵һûлʵۻ߰׵µİӰʹ
˵˹ڰ޵ϣ
װɫأ
ǻҳˡĪﰧ˼һ󣬡ܰ޵ϲ
ⲻ˵ʿӻʹҿԱ֤޵Ͼû뿪
ʱʥʿʿѾɢȥǧƽ׵Ĵ㳡ûһֻĪﰧװͺ죬걯硭
ҹɫˡ
䣬䣬䣡
֮䣬ʹĶһڣ̻ŵĹ⻪ӳ˰˹ʹ
Īﰧװ⣬˹ȥ
ʽʼ
뷽ŵĹذǡ෴ʹǵһŵƽʣŮ̫࣬ʧٵ˶ۼ¶̫Ҳڡ
һ𻶺ɣ
׼ٷһٶʮ죡
䣬䣬䣬ƺڻĳֵ񣬹Ů裬ƻ̫ҲһϿЦ޵⺢Ҫģˣʹﶼûѽ
һƬϲ
Īﰧװϸ۾ҲԲˣ
һһ֮ͻȻ仯˶Щͷԡ
ϾڹſڣһĲغɫۣͷڣϻ͢ʽʱõȨȣӣΪ׵ġ
޵ϣ
ĪﰧۿʿҲھѾΧ£ٽϳȥ
װ͵סĪﰧ
ˣҵʥʹô
ĪﰧɫûмǴƬģļʿߣʿȻûзôԵĳڹô
װ죬ƺǧȴ֪Ӻ˵
ָһ򣬡ҷ㣬ֻҵʿ㿴
˹̫󣡣Īﰧ˳װָɫȵ̫ü˵ھϸˣָ֪һͨ࣡
̫Ǻ棬棡
ĪﰧĿװָ£Խ̫Խ˽ϣǲ۵Ĺš
һһ˸ߵͨţ
֮ţ
װɬ⹬Ǿʥ͵۹ѧԺƵͼʥصľʥ
Īﰧɫ΢䣡
ڵ۹ѧԺǰ׶֣ھʥǰҲԼ׹ʮֽ
޵ϾȻˣѵþʥô
ʥǰ׶䣬Īﰧ޵ѾӦս֮Ȩˣߣţȥг
װһ˵һԼѵĲ˻Ⱥһʹ˵ȥ޵ϸҽгҵڶ˳λ̳˵壡
ŶԭװˣҽŻĲܱǸ޷Ϊ޵ϴʽ
ˣûôװ
ˣûĿҽЦе˵˵޵ϴڡ֡ʽǵõʵ۱׿ϣ׵ʽ
ף
ǵģףҽЦݸ⣬Ӧ֪ģף˹ʥµΰͳκ˵ʥ֮ҫ۹˵ö֮
봥ŭһǧ˹˵ľԵȼСʱɡ


138 һôĿӣȥ2
װȻһЦŵĻܰˣװҲͲҵĵڶ̳ˣ׸ϵ۹ûд¾㵹˵˵׵ʲô
װɣȻҴʽǱֻں֡ߣװȨԡ۹ͳ˧壬ֹʽ޵ϣ
ҽ䲻ȵ˵ˣϵѾ֪˰ɣ޵ϲչҽ˺޶λ
֪Σ
Ȼ֪͸һѽʹ˵֥ѾŰˣζҵһλܹߵҽ¡޵ϴ˵ҽ棬ߵϣˣԱϣ׵£ҵߵİ취
˵ں𣿡
˵ǳԽϵƣ˭Ҳɣװҧҧϸ۾ɭĹâ

̨Ƴװı飬ǹճһ˿ɢЦ⡣
һжƿ֮У
ӺĪﰧĵһǰʥʿκҲ׶ľʥǰ׵µĵ̣۹ĸ֮ڣֻҪĪﰧ¡
ٺ٣׵¾Ϳˣ
ǰһλѧ˵ڶʱּ˵ձ仯֮϶ĳָӰ죬籩꣬嶯ŭ
ԽϹѻʹԱھʥĪﰧһһּ֮գһĪﰧͻʧ⣬׼ȷжƣ
Ȼ
װ޹ĪﰧĪؼߺװķʽвͨɣ
׹ʮֽʥʿץ޵ϣ
󵨣Ҵʽô
ʹγ
ʥʿǵĶ죬ˡ죬ʿǾʹﵽ˶ʮʹ
Īﰧʿʲô
ⳡ棬ϰֵ߽Сʵ·ףΪ֣ԼĪﰧǰʮԶĵطһĲ졣
ˣΪͿԲս֮Ȩô
׹ʮֽңң˽ϡ
˭˵Ҳ׼ս֮ȨˣŶˣˣ
ϳϿҵ˵ʿս֮ȨѾ׼ˣ˵ս֮ȨͼʥʽǶ׵أԣҺͼֳʽǸģʽ֮һս֮Ȩ˫ַϣ
˵ţʾĪﰧһʽĳ䣬ֻ߾һ߳ս֮Ȩ
ھʥ䣬ս֮Ȩ
ٵȺ򼸷ӣ޵Ҳܲ
Īﰧɫ˵ͷе˵ʥʿΧʥʽ޵ȻϽս֮Ȩϴˢ˵ɣ
ϸмؾϹȥʽ
ʱƽϾŵӣʽһ
뼪߾ս֮Ȩҽʥף
ɫµƿţͼ߽޹ź

еս֮ȨʧǰĪﰧĺˣ
һ˲䣬һХͥԺɳһ˶ʮΧʥͭʿĪﰧΧʥ
׵´˷ŭĻ⣬׷Ʈ裬죬һӲħ
ͼͼ֮ʵ
׵£ҹȻЭʿ
Īﰧԭڽϵĸ꣬ۿʿɱһ׹ʮֽȻֱ֣׵µʺҪ
֮⣬Ҳԣ
׵ЦһָֻһĪﰧĽ⣬׹ûʮֽȻѣʥ˹۹ʥأ֮ڣ㰢׵¾㲻ҵȻЭᣬֻҪѹʱͱӦˣ
Īﰧͼʦ׶ε׹սף֪ͼһġͼڲ塯

Ǵ
ʥ֮ڣϺͼûԶֻ͵״
ǰ׵ѾĪﰧˣǵȴûһ˿ıóѵЦ⣡
һ׵µһ仰ɣͼʦ׹սףͼġ塯֮⣬㲻ףͿҵʩչɣ
ڹĪﰧָĪﰧ
ϧ׵»ڹ˼ȻЭأ̾Ϣ˵ŰػʥȴָĪﰧ涼ϼ޻أ
ûǻۣ׵ƾʲôΪʦ
ƲƲ죬Ҵģ׵ԵĹ֮һͣ徭Ȼ󡭡һ׷뾣ʥʼٸץȥ
ͽһЦҲΪƾּıһʦʼڶƻ
һжڽϵԤ֮У
׵¹ʽָĪﰧ֮󣬹Ȼٳ֣ĪﰧȻЭϣֻССĽѵְɣϷ˵ΪλΧʥѵ㲻֪ʥ֮һô
Īﰧˣ
ڽϵԭ꣬ʱ׵ƫƫָУ˸һͼھ硣һŭһϲĪﰧֻԼͷͣκġ
װĪﰧԣæ˵ľ
ʦĪﰧвԣҲпԭ޵ϡװЦ޵ϹĶ¿ף֮ӹɣǲҽ뾣ʥʦ֣޵ϸץ
ʦ޵˼޵޹أֻ֥ߡ
Сʵ۸æվ潭˵˵˰䣬ڰ׵µµͷĿڵҪץ޵ϣҲõȵʽ֮󰡣ʽܴϣ˹Ĺأ
ʽܴϣ˹ʥû˵ʽ;˶ô׵µСʵۣϷȥ޵ʽʹץ޵ϣ
ˣ
̫ˣ
׵߽ʥʱŭ°ϳѾΪƺ˳Ϊһÿһ裬ֻҪȥضܳΪ˹ʥ֮µǧһۣ㾹Ȼ޵Ĳԡ泼޵ϣɱ֮
ţ׵ͻȻһ٣
ֻϺͼ
Ȼ赹ͨ׵֮У
ˣ
׵µһʱʶ׿Σգϣ˵ʥ
ʮװϣ
׵üЩõԤУתѽϺͼʥ޵ϺͼͻȻԣҽȣ
Сʵһӣ˹ʦ⵽ô£
ϳҲ
㲻Сʵ۲Ȼŭ˰׵µĻ㣬ʥˣ
׵һ㶣ʥֻף
ã㣬ʥм·
ֻоʥһ·
Ȼʥûˣûڣֻ޵ϣ͹ʦȥ޵ϺͼˡСʵָŰ׵µıӣ㣬˭´˺֣
Һ޵Ϻͼ
׵뷢ŭţ


139 һôĿӣȥ3
ʦ벻㾹Ȼˣ
Сʵ۲ĵؿ޺϶㿴޵ϺߵĽˣԺֻ޵ϵģʦͣͳֺǣ
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׵͵ؾһֻ֣ҪҷźСʵۣǿ̫ҲڽӲذջȥˣҽûҵô޵ϺͼˣϳǶʣضһжף
ҳԱҳһ㣡
ͬĺҵĪﰧȴһ飬ŵɨ۽ϺͼȵȻЭ֮˭Ҳֳ
ĪﰧʲôǾʥȻЭᣡ
ұ죬ȻЭὫ˹۹
Īﰧļˣ͵شҶĻҽӲס̫ﳵȻ˵ǰս֮Ȩأ
ս֮Ȩ
ʱʶһϾ⣬ڼǧ˵ע°ս֮Ȩ˾ʥڣͽȴֿտգ
ս֮Ȩ߳Ҳ·ӣ
ѵս֮Ȩʧˣ
ĪﰧʵĽÿ˽Ϻͼ·
ûУ
ˢأ
ĪﰧĿⶢס˰׵£ɭɲͺ񰢻׵¸ոնδޣ˰׵£ս֮Ȩڣ
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㲻֪ĪﰧڴЦٴ׹ʮֻֽ˽뾣ʥ޵Ϻͼԣս֮Ȩʧ٣ΨһĵˣȻ˵֪ս֮Ȩ䣿
ѵҰ׵£͵ս֮Ȩô
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Īﰧ߾׹ʮֽʥʿսڰ׵УʥʿҲض
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ĪﰧڽϵƺͽӶľޱУѾȫʧˣɶƵغ°仰ð׵£ս֮Ȩ䣡
ʦҲ˹Īﰧ浱˹۹۸ôСʵҲʱشҽ۹£
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ս֮Ȩ߼޻׵£Īﰧƴǵĵڶƻɹأ
սУſڽװԵļ˵ˣҽɿˣǲ˼װ԰ɣ
ҽˮƽҼҪܼ⡭ҽѧھɱϴ˸Ƿ˯ɣǴˣǻеƻأ

賿һӣսĪﰧˣʮʿսĸˣͭʿֻʣʮ˻վգ
⻹ǰ׵²ҳ׿ȻЭĽ
ԹʥʿҲɱˣɱĪﰧƽʿ֮һǰ׵µߣ
˶׵Ѻ͵˻ʹ
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⡭ҽЦ˵ʦҽԺΪˣֻԳ֡
У֣
һԱĪﰧʧķƵشڽǰִѧĲ£ĿҪˣ׵£˭֪᲻ûɱ޵ڣҹһˣؼ׺ȡɫҩ裬ȻЭľʥҩ
ҽ۰׵£õĬȡҩ衣
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Ϊ޸ȻЭĹϵȰĪﰧ˰ɣֻҪ߳ݣԹ֮Сʵۼ˵⣬޽ױһ⣬ȻЭ˵һУŵ֮ڣһĽ
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Щǽժģǰʷϵ¼Źأ
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׵֮ڣҲ뿪֥һ
Сʵ۵ͷĿصϣ޵ϣͼҽˣǣʱЭ׼
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һСʵõȨͬʱѰ׵±ƵʥʿԪˣĪﰧ裬⻹
ȻֵҲѣһֲ;֣Ȼºǰ׽ô
ңڻĪﰧǱأ


140 ֲ֮ҹ
賿ӣҹɫµ֥ȴǴڰӿ
µķչ仯߲Ѿɢ˳ڵĹڻͨĴ࣬ʱʱңxxӾ
ǽңһӽҶǣ߻ߵȥ𣿡
ǲЩСκӶسǵׯ԰ץ߻ߣɱѾɢͣʬ
ѾСǣ
һƬҵУ֣⽻ݡ

Īﰧվڴǰץü˫ֵָѾˣŲԶһŹͣʬصشϢʿǣǵװţĪﰧضΪǸ𣡡
±бɱʥʿЩͣʬ棡
ʿҪϢ
վĸʿվĪﰧ˵
Īﰧץ̨ϵһ趡㻨͵һʿͷϣŤͷ˵ҲҪϢֽʣҪдԮҪд˹۹
⻹Ǹŵʿ
ʿǰ̾Ϣʹ֮ĪﰧʿЩԣپޱ䣬һ֮һͷβķӣ˸ƵҽʦȻŹͬţ
ʿǻûгʧܣʿС˵١ڻУ
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Īﰧؼڣץл˻ΣΪⶫʧĸʿһһʮ߸ͭʿһٶ˰λӡ
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˼㣬ĪﰧƾҪеͼ
ɾһֵ̧Ĺһ˳ŴӴ˽أأҹڴֶ
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УĪﰧŵͷƤըˣϾǼʶĻƽʿ׹ʮֽȻ֣ͼڣվʿǣȫϣ
䣡
ʣʮʿײǽڣ嵽Īﰧߡ
ͼȴŲæԺƾĪﰧ˰Χ
ȫ׹װ׸ǣһԾ޴İ׹΢΢̧˫ָ֣䴦޳İ׹ǶУͼһ˴ѹǧԩĪﰧǰЦ˵ڣһ·
ü˵ͭʿһȻǰĪﰧʿǴฺˣսˣ硭
ʲôĪﰧǿͷͼᣬֻǸƷͼʦǻʮˣɱ
ʿžһ񣡵ͼȴǵһЦ˶಻һõģţһԣ
㲻ɣһͭʿͷ˹ȥеʿҲ߸߾
ֻͼھһָָһâž˸ָ֮󣬰â飬׹ǳͻȻһøܵʬ壬͵رסʿĺ
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Ҫһ𣿡ͼڵ˵ã֥ǣаʬٻĪﰧҸһλᣬڣ
Īﰧصش˼ͻȻЦҪڣֻת֮ɣʥʿţΪȻЭҫ棡
ΪȻЭ֮ҫ
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ˡ
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ĪﰧѾûѪɫͻȻץסһҪȥİʿϢҰϺȥݵľȣ
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ˣôĪﰧһʬ壬ǻ˹Ĺ˹۹ͼУȥȣþľǰ
ʿ͵תܡ
ɾһתĹֻǱĪﰧصʬͻȻվһһ£ٴĪﰧ
úͼսֱ


ʿܵ˾߿ţʥʿűͼϮԮ
յģ
ʿĿѲӣһûԵɵضš
ų򣬸ҹʿӣץ˶⽻٣Ҳݣʲô취һ֮ڲɳԮҾɱ㣡
ʿѾǵǡɱңҲвԮ
⽻Ѿŵ촽ϣ޵Сʱ֮ǰ½ӹܽѾ񲿶Ӷнʹѵȥˡ
ڣͨʿأûͨʿô
еУǡǶǷߵľӣûбº;ĵ벻ǰ
ʿ˵һʣﻹûװĪﰧʿڵž
ģ⽻ƿһСӣʣ𣿡
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Īﰧĺп֧ţۿһһʥʿʬûĶҪˣԮΪʲô
󣬳棡
ʱĪﰧһԺ⴫ľһ񣬿ǻͷۡ

ĪﰧشΪĲԮʣµʮʥʿ
ԡѪսЩʿڲϰˣǶʿŷʿӦսϵԭ
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飬ǧ׹
һУĪﰧѾˣž޴׹ɱ˹Ҳһ˲֮ʶһҼȻʱˣҾԲῴģ޵ϸ˶ϺһУ
ͼڵǡ
䣡
һһײһ𣬹⻪ҫ֥ǡĪﰧֻؿһʹѪȻ㡭
ĪﰧҪ˵˵ݣͼѾһָԺĳ˫һƬ谵ֻпЦ˵޵ϣȻ㣡
ȡڣЦĪﰧ׹䣡


141 
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Īﰧݺ˵ϣ࣬ϵȺʬᵽѪ㣬
֮ȥ
ϵҫһ׹⣬Ⱥʬͷϡ
ʬǶ˲Ȼֱص˵ϣǡðѻԵĪﰧΧм䣡
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ĪﰧҲܰȻղϮĪﰧԵһУǡûһӴԼѨλţĪﰧѹҲһûϣʧӣ
һһ
һȻЭĲ鵽ͷϣáĪﰧΪۣȡԼʱƽ
ˣǶˣҲˡǵģ
ϵ˵еڣҪ뿪ݣǺ洫һſĴЦ
ŤͷһֻĪﰧ˫־ٹͷ衣
һͷβķӣߵĸˡ
ĵ𣿡
ͻȻĪﰧȻ˵һ߼Ļ
ѵûг׷
һݣͷһֻĪﰧſڵ˫Ѱʲôشң֪ڵߣҵĸشѽ

ϻصĪﰧǰժԼİ׹֣㻹ʶô
ǡĪﰧɫãȻͫɢңȥҲŲ˭أҪ
ü˭ʲô
ף˭أĪﰧԴ˼˺ܾããȻҡҡͷ٣Ҳ֪˭֪ǿɱˣұĴˣ
㻹ǵõ˭ôϽ
ĪﰧɵЦ˭أ֪һұģ
˼⣬ĵؼĪﰧ״ʣĪﰧʧ䷢ˣ
һֱԼ𡭡
һֺԿѧʧܻ֮ǵһЩӡ̵˻£ȻĪﰧУĵλȽ˻ҪߣҲϲϣѾ˽һУȴܽг֣
ĪﰧǱʶţڽߣѾĿ˽ϵ׹̣ӵɱϵʵ
뵽ϲ
֪ô
ϼҴҵػص˻ʹһŲϵļ
һֻѽ˼ҵҪƯϺɫأ
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ǻˣһˣ
ȽϰѾһ飬ɫҲ룬˵ˣ˼ҿҵ⽻ܺ˵ȻЭԭֻʮһƽʿģǰһʿʥʿţΪ˻ƽʿ֮һʮƽʿ֮أ
ǻƽʿ֮ףʵ
˼˵׼ԼĺţЦ˵ʿһжأҵ鱨꣬ҲֻܲʿĿʾˣҲٳ֣Ψһһεս¼ǰͼ̨ϵõˡʮλǿߵأʱõǻ
ԭʮʿ
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ڶһ磬Сʵٿ˰ٹٲμӵᣬͬ±ĶԲߡ
Ľ̶ڽϵԤ֮У
ع˽ϵȫƻһĪﰧ˾ʥĪﰧͰ׵վ˶档
ڶŽ뾣ʥĻᣬеս֮Ȩ˶Ҳս֮Ȩ֮Ψһʥİ׵¾ͳΪΨһɷ
˵ս֮Ȩʧ٣ʵ˰׵µɣСʵõ˾ȨƵϹʦ
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ĿǶȡսȨȣ
ȫǽϣץǸͼڣ
Сʵ۴ʥּڲϰǸ
Ц
ΪСʵ֪ȫƻģʵ۽ͣΪʲôڼƻлһͼڣ
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ӣſ죬ȥһ߶ŶԼĳˣ
Ȼγһһأڶͳһս֮Ȩ
ţϰս֮Ȩ˼Ķ

޵ϲ
峿鷿⣬һ̫ļϸ
ݼ꣬꣡
ϴȫµĲһĽ߽鷿
Īﰧ֮ˣץͼڵ鲻֮±ҲͻһԲľš
ʱ佭ȴûһСʵĶýߵ˼ǽ֥ǵʱѾȷԼΪֻԵ˼ˣȻʧСʵҡҡͷ
ڶˣȴһֱоװսȨȵ顣
ϧ첻ԸһӰɣս֮Ȩһ߳һɫͷڣôһأ
ֵıȴ֪ôá

ҪǣһѸֵͷϺͼһ£ҲûҵκõҽҲԸţԼߵ֮УȻһͼĵˡ
಻˳֮У·ʮͻȻ볯Сʵۻҵľߣָ˽ϵĲݣɰʾ˽ǵһóˣ
޵ϰ䣬ˣ˺Щ𣿡
֮·׸߲ҵزĽϣСʵ˽ʵȨ֮󣬶Խϵĺøп˵վСʵ۱Ͼᣬزסܣ仰֮ɫֳ仹޲볯һ⡭
ѵȻЭҲˣ
ȻʵԼҲⲻܣΪڰǰȻЭ˴Īﰧְ𣬻Сʵ۵ĪﰧҪ£˵ȻЭ˹۹Ӧò鷳ģ
ȻЭᡭ
Сʵ۹Ȼҡҡͷ˵һ⣬޵ϣ˵ﰲϵǳ𣿡
͵һ飬ﰲ̺̫ˣʼղһĳ裬֮ԼСʵﰲʲô
С˵ﰲƺ΢ĵҪʱҲ΢
Ҳ˵ǲǺඣ
СʵۿȥЩʧһܷż㣬һݴǰߴľһɣʵ̫ˡ


142 عĻﰲĵһ
ݾĳдģĲɷдϸ壬ȫ52ı½ʷĵһ죡
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峿΢У羰컵ĴȴѪˮȾˣӶɫս׵ʿڻڻ³ͻľһߡ
һ֮ϣڰսȫ֣һĽɫؼԣûпױɫĳƮ裬µһǿߣĻһ𲻰ܵս
Ԫ˧˹ѾʲͻƵоߣɹ½
洫ı棬Ŀޱ飬ҫЭȹ̲ͷأ
̫˳ˣ΢ɲ̾˿
۹Ȼ磬СʱǰܹСʱ˹ͷӾɱӣսȼռŵ۹ı
Сʱȡⳡս۵ľʤˣ
ĵȴԽԽأΪĶĿԪ˧һ϶ܵ׵ľǿߣ
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Ӷ԰ֻкɱĿԪ˧ûлش
Ŀų򣬻ڶѨгﻮı𣿡
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ܿ죬ϢԪ˧Ŀʮһ¸ھǿߣǮҲڣҵ׷ٹ̫ˣ˵һ壡
зͼڣضĿ壡
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ﰲӸɴࡪ߹һ֣ɢһԭ
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ﰲҪʲô
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ȥﰲ
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£Ҳ˵ˣҺﰲ죬»Ṽ
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ȥȥĻ£ȻЭйô
˽ϵɻСʵۺô˳Աҳɾ͸У£ĪﰧָȥġĻ£

ĪﰧȻˣȻЭѾµĴƽʿģǧɵװţ
ҸӴװŸôǴ˼һƽʿ֮
ϲңʵʵڵڶһ綯ˡ
Ҵڻ񣬳˽ߵˣû֪Ѿ뿪֥ǣ
ɾڽ뿪֮ӣһֻѩ׵С֥ǵĳɣɹƽԭɹӣԼٶȣڵڶһƵɽ帽
һѩӵվɽСԼָ⡣
ϰһһ޵Ѿ뿪֥ǣԤʮִ֮ӡʿϣ
ƮɽСľݣƽˣȥﰲ򽻵ɣ
˶٣޵ȻĪﰧʱҪҪƽǸʽô
Ը𣡡


143 
ĹУ֥ǵҪһƽԭӣҪʮʱ䡪һǳ׼ȷĹ㣬ϧûпǵϵĶȤζ
뿪֮󣬽ͻ룬ףֵѾƷͼʦˣﻹȥӣ
·߼˸Ϊ߷ᣬüЩõĺطԶ֣Щһ
Ķ
棬Ƶ洵
ɱõģ
ƲƮƮ֮󣬾֪˴ذ
ǰɣǰɣ
˶ڻ棬һζͼһͬؿӺףڴļ
Ҹû˵ĵط䣬Ȼȥ졭
һȼĺԴܲһľõ廨ͷҲ̧˵
ܲǺģ뿪֥ǵĵһ뵽Ҫȥﰲͺܲؼӿȥһ˵۹ѧԺҪλʦһʣ㵶İʲôѽܲﰲǰһЩѽ
Ƶǣλʦһ飬֪ôٺ٣ٺ٣ٺ٣
ϱЦĲʱʦֶһֻŵƤܲһȫûзԵСľľ̳ܲõ廨ɡ
ãˣ
ϿҲűԶĵطŤͷһȭȻ׼Ʈʦֱһڵϣ֫鴤˵ôҲΪʲôģľ֮ܲ˵ĵ㾳硭
ǽϿųŵܲ·ˡ

µ죬ȴ˵ܲ̾˿ˣûнô
ǰɣǰɣ˵ķӦܹ죬ָŵϵĳۿɵôģԼʧǸ߹һ
ôˣͷܲûз˵Ĺ졣
ȱܲˣץϵ죬Χϡ
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żһֻСڲݴԼ䱼ܣ˵һȻгΨ
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ڻͼۣûǴǰߣҵɼľ棬Ҳ˵ûߴ·
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ϵĺṾһˣʱ·ϣ⵽ӵĶ𣿡
ŤŤСƨɣۿգ˵Ǹſ羰˹
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жȦӷ˰գҲûҵӵӰӣۿǰռŵ۹ķˣòת˷
ѵѾռɱˣ
ⲻܣȻڴӹܾӵװҳҲǴ֮ھͰʮӸܹġ
˼ţǰȻһƬŨֵȺɽ
ˣĻ¾ɽأǼҾӣȥﰲѽļ˿
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άʧٺҲûϢѵ˾ǡ

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֪ԼΪʲôôֻһ뵽пάҲƲסԼĲˡ
ԼҪҵʧٵά϶ʹʹѽҵģţֵΪʹͲġ
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һӰ˳һʮˣɫһͷԺ˺޳òţǴװ˶һλĶŵĹ͢ʫˡ
ǣĬԼݣϸеһĪѹ壬ģ
ҵһɣҲաʾصߣЦǲĻ£ҲΪﰲô
ޱȹͦظǰɣҲΪﰲģ
Ц𣬻صϣȻҪﰲҾͲˣ߰ɣ
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һֳӸλԽأ
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ϤıĪһȣȴ˵άС㣬Ҳֻүӡ
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ϱʺһ亹Ŀȥԭ֮Ѿۼ˲ˡ
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һŮҲ˵ɫﰲȻ򵥣
һƮڰ֮дû¶Σ
ͼ֮ϣȴȨƶͼʵԴﵽͼһһ֣ɽµǿǵĿˡ
𣬻عʢǰ֮飬Ļ»ȻЭᣬҪ֣ʵʵؿ붯֡ߣҷ㵽ף
鶡˳շ˾棬ȻŰ˵һͷڹ꣬ﰲһŮ¶ͷӻѽ
ֹӲ鶡ﰲǰûӿԣŷɽ£鶡߹鶡ˣŲġ
ǰӯӯһЦʦСһ
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鶡ˣ޵ϴʦǰ֮ˣҲһЩأ
ɫ΢⣬ֻ޵ϴʦλݣֻλȣ޵ϴʦҼС㿴أ


144 ֮
仰ϵɫ
⻰˽Īӣɣߴͼ㣬ҫѽϸһ룬ߴͼ⻰Ҫѽϸˣ
񿴳˽ϵĲ˵ʦ֣ŲʹߴͼֻĻս𣬱СĹϵʹսѸٷң
Ȼ
ŵĻжõ幫˸˽һ٩Ц⣬˵սǿѵġ
ûѾͷ
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Ҫ£ͱ׹ͱ¶ݡסϵ֣ǡý⣬ţһκȷٶ
ǽΪˣǵһαŮǣ֡
ˣֵҵġǣ˶ˣ

һϮ£棬˴ﰲְɽۣ֮ǻƽʨӹԶ
ﰲ磬֮Լȥĸ£ˣ
ô
΢΢һЦϵһݲݣ䵽ﰲ˫֮䡣
ݲڿзɹȻˡಡĵƿ֮ﰲһԿΪȻûʧ˵ɣΪң
⡭
ϺȻЩ˼ˣ˴ͼĻ£϶Ҫı½ʷ۷¼ˣȣСʵ·׵ҪСӵĹҼҡ
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ŵһ˿죬漴Цʦشһ⡣
˵
ʦΪϤǿ֮У˭ϡǿ֣
ѿھҪ˵ﰲ֣뵽һˣһпܱﰲҪǿĴڣɫɸ磡
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ǵģɸѾˣЦȻвϢǿɸ磬Ҳһʮ꣡ǰžͲòʴʦ֮䣬˿𣿡
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ϵ仰߾˻ȥԼѾ˰ŵ˼صҲ֪Ƿ˿һˣһǣأ
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֪Ϊʲô񵭵İǰȫԷſ˵оԲй¶ܵҲйȻⲻںøкͰ飬ֻ˵ŵԸǳʺһߣ˵׷ûдֻûõ㲻֮أ
õ㲻֮󣿡
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ָԼؿ˵ͼƣŻͨͼгԯ߼һӦеũ±ǧʼǵҲͼͼܲϴ죬Ϸչ˽죡
˶㲻֮أûм޵ֻûм޵裡ԻȥܵĶ˭ȥ죬˭ȥ˼øã
ƲƲ죬㲻յ㣬ǻ𣡡
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ϰڳһǷ̬һһλ壡
ЦˣʦȻ׷㲻ðһ䣬ʦ׷ʲô
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ȤشŰţС㣬׷أ
ŵȻһЦһͷһĶһݣԣ
һ㶣۰Ŷʮҵӣֵֻоˣ͸仯ˣŻô˵ɣ
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ɫһ䡣
ʵΪĻ£Сߴͼ֮սѾʼˣ
ɫ˵ʦŨǱС㲼µͼֻʱʹʦֻܻС󷨣ԡ
԰˴ͼĿһսұվ۰Ͱ͵ؿţ
ϻȻû˷Ц̸ģյŶͷ˴ͼһ˵йһ㣬԰Һˣ
δ䣡
ﰲǼȻҪͱҲ
ɽ³һ⣬鶡˵һˣ
۴ʦˣǸϹﰲߣС㣬սô
ﰲķӦ֡
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鶡Ѿͷ
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һâ˺ѻƣĻ£ֻڵ֮£


145 ף1
˴ͼĿһսʼˣ
ﰲǿռĻ£ԼߴͼĶ棬һ߸˭ʤ˭˭˵壡

鶡˴Ļɢˣ沿ƤŤˣѵһǻƽʨ󣬼һ˿ѵЦ˵Ĵԭ壬ܻشһ𣿡
ʦʣ
˽ϵۣ֮δѽϷеĻƽʨӹ˺ܶࡣ
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ƽʨԺͷĻµʣһȭ׵Ĵ󶴣
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䰡
ƽʨͷûоܾϵ顣ָĵص㣬¡һڼӲɽϺ˸׵Ĵ󶴡
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ƣαشɱɱأﰲС㣬ۣٽſóĻѽ
ɽȻʮöңǮŲһöԾ˵ڶöߵĽң̤УǷֵһﰲͷ
Ǯ࣬Ʒ˼ƽͼ㣬һУ
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ͼ㣬ô½޹أ
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͵ʮʧٵ飬ЦϷˣǾޱѾˡ

ʮӣһҹ֮ʧȥӰ
˵˵ϢǿжҲɫ
ɲǲµУʮӵĵ漰ӪݣеЭȵ෽棬Ǵ½ǿľͳ˧Ҳһҹ֮ʮʧȥӰ
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ж˱أ޵ϣĻѲһͳﰲķزӵȥôһĦңǶ˹ˣؿŵ۹ʧȥʮˣ
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жü˼һʱ̾ʱЦƺΪʮʧٵͷʹΣȻʵ޵ϣʱ·ﰲߣ˲³ᣬ˵³־ͬϡǲ³ͽ𣿡
³˭ϲûﰲ
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ĻѾһˡ
ͼﰲͷӰ磬ֻƣڣ죬ңâϵɢǵص
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ﰲɽ֮ϣһµһҫǵѵĹâͬһͼɫ⶷˸ʤ
֣ȻҲκβﰲ
ж˹սƬ̣ȻѽԶսƣ뿪ĺûᣬ޵ϣȥӶ뿪סǶ˹ˣΪ˹ңʮӵ䣡
ϺȻ׷ԲԵĵȻ𾴣һ˵ﰲûоȫСĵѵ˵ɿ󣬷ȥ
ж΢΢һȻǸúӣлˣ
˵Ƕ˹ˣ
϶߷Хʧȥж˵Ӱӡ
ͻȻ֮䣬ֶһӰ
ԭǺոķﰲˣӽ߻
ɫװҲѾã¶˱ϵһǳ
ͷй𣿡


146 ף2
һֻĳɳ̣ĸ衪ѣ׳棬Ӽ
ϱһֻɫṰͷԳ֮Ϊƽ
ոķͼУҲһֻͷͷಢûкֻõü룬׺һɫĳѣ
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άҲҴҵ˹ƳۺոķæԼס˺󱳡
ոķվصش˼˵ﰲȻǿȴҲҵĲ壬㵣ˣ

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Լ˵άԴάĸŷ˹ȥ֮󣬳޵ϣҲ˺
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ǽ֪ôˣһһУƽʱԸȫ
ѵ
ֵĿάԴˣ
ⲻܣ
͵ҡҡͷµ뷨˦Ժ
һ·ĻºȻﰲõȴøŨǽѾȫû˴ͼ۷֮սˣĻҳУάһųıӰ

ͣϵطڳԼ°͡
򣬼Ӷˣ¶˼ڹͷһ˹æº˼齭ƤѿڣЦ˵ѽѽˣĻ˴¼أ
˴ͼڿɶԡ
Ĳɵ˵
ˣ˸ͼ
ϻû˵ĿĵɨԶ߰ɣҴӦжˣҪҵʮأȻ˲ˡ
˼˵أ°͵ߺ󲻾أϴͻȻ˵ӦԼʧǸ߹ǣѽϴȥ߹ˣ֮ȥأ
̴ʧѹ
ڳ֥ǵʱһ߹ǣ½һֱҲѰҹȻǸ߹֮ĳӦǣ߹ǾͺˣҲӦˣ
ڣ߹ǾȻǧ֮Ĵӣ
ףСүǻңڲԶһµģָĹǽڣ˳Źǽ׷
һ֮⣬˵ڶͷָ
һ·ȥϼڶʮ˿ͷʱѾɴӣƽԭشһεθӵɽ
Ȼϵˣ
ֻɽ̣ս˻Ѳݺ۳ңȻһƬ༸ʮɽصӴӪԹƣʮˣ
ӪȻûݵģҲûױǣѾռŵ۹һٶĸˣ˵϶ĿԪ˧µռӣ
˵߹ǣȻռžӪ

˴ͼĻΪսӪȴһƬɱ
ǰɣǰɣ
һֻ۵Ĵĳʺ滺ð˳תתתתûԼټƶһֻСڹꡣ
һʿھǰ˯ǰҫŤŤʱһʿｻӿæͣ˯ʿߡֻʿͬ飬ȵ
֮ҹ
ˣϢ
ʿʵҲ˸ǷߵĴ档
ˣˣ
ﴫôʿһСطһ
߹㣡
棬߹͵زʿ˫ۣ
ʿ߶ûһͷ˹ȥ
ߣ˸ؼ
С㾹ȻأȲϳػ˾Ӫأһɫľ档
ʧǸ߹Ӧþڸˣ
̵ţͻȻ֮䣬˴ͼľһսĻ£һĵ仯¡¡ؾҵ
Ӫشɽ֮Уڵвûжʧ˶ڴɪɪһ󣬵ȵͣЪ̧һǿֻۣӪһƬңҶæڵе
ߵĽɫҲˣ
ǰɣΣ˵Ĵۿ͵ðŽɫĻ棡
ڻ浹ӳĻУһλ˱ϣǰأ֫崦طֱżһ߳ĸ룬ͷϿһĥ̴Сı飬вڻıˮ˵۾桭ȴ˫Բƾ˫۱ˮĲѪ˿
Űһλˣ˲̵Ťͷȥåôûйѽ֪˹۹ˣ
˹۹ľ䣬һǿߣأ


147 ޱ䣨1
һĲ״˽һ˽עʧˡ
ϿɲƾµĵƤǰľӪ༸ʮɽ·ٳʮӣңĿԪ˧ǮȻĻƴӪҲӦôڼʮذǿ߰ɣһӪô
а취ϵôſڲݴаյ˵
ά˶࣬ûϵϴѽҲɥ˵ϴ̫أ
һѲӲԶ߹˸æ͡


Ӫ֮Уһαˮ۾ǿûзỹǲԾس鶯¡
˿ֳ棬ֵȲϵ֧ԮѲһܡ
Ǵ໹ڵನæµţǳ˵ǣѺĽɫӪʸΪѿ˼׵ĵط졪Ÿľ˽ȥֵԮûй
ûᣡ
۾Ļתתڴڸ£߹ǡ䡯ٳһض֮ڵ¡
Ľơ
ǡ
ǰﰲ꣬ûиԭһͼӡˣ˫ΪˮȴöʱʧȻо˵С
ѵˣ
һ˲ȡȻ͸од֣õһַǳϵ֣ϵã²ܷʲôҪŶ˼Ҫȥأ
쾫һٴ˲ȣʾԼȫס
ͬһʱ䣬ֻԼڼ³һʱת
Զľ˿һ棺ԭʵʵϣ֮ʮӣͻȻݿһڣ˴Ӷ׹˽ȥ
ˣ׷
Ӫľ
ǰɺߣ
ڵﴩŤŤСƨɣװһһּھ򣬾Ȼڶ̶̼֮ھڳȥ˼ʮԶ
ǰһγɵĵط죬˺ԥ˽ȥ׹ĹУͻȻתץסһʯһ򡭡
Ӻһط죬ٴת򡭡

ǣ
׹ĶڣٲΣ׷һǰĵص
߰ľԹһ˺ûӰˣ
һ߳ŭذγ彣ģҵڣŵ䣬ץ죬ҲҪڵص棡
ڣ
ԶԶ仰۾Ļ˷ܵȦҪ֪˵ĹĪﰧ׹ʮֽҲ޷ơ˲⣬ǲôӲ䣡
˵ӪʮرʮҲӦôڼλذǿ߰ɣǣΪٻذǿߣͨĻأѵذǿ߶æ
˴һӵʣھӪһҰðͷ
ùǣһѲǡ·һĳӰһֻˣͷʿ˾
ۿĻ棡

Ѿߵ˰УڲݴĽҧҧڲˣĻȥһɾʱһ׵ĳˡ
һ֪Ūİӣ˸߸߾һһ̵棬ڻ𣬺ķ˷׷
ǰɣһĹѾ˽ߣͷҲص֡
Ͽ˵˼żתܡʮ˵ľһ˾ģֻܳȥ߰ʮףǰɽͷɳ۳Ѳס˼˵ȥ·
ߣҶϺ󣡡
ӰһʽٶȣȻ嵽Ѳ֮䣬Ԥ㵽пܴʵԼǿĸ֣һ־ǿġǧ׹ֻ˫ſͼ̲صʥڸ»⣬Ƶϴˢ飡
ϣɡսѲȫû
ôףѵӪûи֣
һ£׷ԽԽˣҲϸ룬תܡ
أɽгһ棺ϣŴʮĺͻҳ壬һʱпܳûСӵĺʱؾһľ˻ֱ𡭡

˶ʮ׷ƣĽһɽõ˴ϢĻᣬŴ˵ˣ㵽ʲô
˵С˵ģڨڨЦžеĴ٣͵˼ҵĹ
ȽϷ˴˹ǣýϿıˡ
үӣ
죬Ҳˡ
鷳ˣҪҪһأ
ֵȻ񣬵ǺүûйĽ飬бҪôһ׸ʮƴɱô
ǲ
ж˵Ļڶߣݺˣ۹˹ĲҲò˰
ڽԥʱĺᷢ˹Źֵ춯
վһλ˶ҾеľٶʾںϽԼ壬ס˵үӣң޵ϣҲڣԼûдȿԵҳϣĳӣǰ棬Ҳضȥ
ĺҵض¡
ү˵ʲôûп˼
ɤӲ֪ܵʲô˺ȻһĻҲ˵סס
ֻһ֣æʣǵ۹ô

үӾ˵ʲô
ϿԽԽ׷Ҳٵȥˣ㱳үӣȥ򣡡˵꣬ӭ׷
ߵʱ򣬽Ѿ۵ȫˣ˵İ׹װײվ˵ǣѾ˴ӵĹˮ
˵ǣ˴ͼսҫҹգýϷںӰԶһ˵Ķ𸽽ΧһȦƺʲô
ΧѲߣȻǽðﱴ˹ʱѣˮ֣ɣ
үӣڰȳ
̱ڵϣȥ֪ͨǹүӡ
ɤ﷢һֽУӲһ֣˭
үӣɣĵĲأҵ˵
ʱѾĶæ˹ķӦ֮
ڼ˵ڶ֣ܣ
ΪʲôҪܣǰѣǿԴԼ˰
ɻŤͷȥֻһԼһ漷üŪ۵ĳֽı飬ƺҲڰʾʲô
˸ȿֲԤУܣ
δ䣬ǾۻĶͻȻ˶ʮӰΧס˽ϵȥ·
׷ľҲѾˣΧںģǲûгֹ߳һϹϾʿȵλٵľۻᣬĩ챻Ӫȣĩ׷֮У
Щ˾ȻǾӵ죬ģֵҾȻͶˣ
ţ㣬ȥɣԴ
ۻȺ߳һߴ׳Ӱ˽ǰϸ۾ųһ˿Ūĺ⣬޵ϣþòˡ
Ȼҵڶ˳λ̳ˡװ
һɲǣϻȻ
ԭ˴ľӪҵľӣֻǷŵģѵսףΪռŵ۹ľˡ
˵ġףָװڶ棬ǧӣ
Ȼװ죬ѹˣ


148 ޱ䣨2
һ˵Ҫʲô
ɫƸϣ书
ǣ
װһ˵ӦȨϣΪ֮һд۵Ȩ
硭ؼļҶ
ǰװʶһǳϾ⡪˵ҵͳ̳ˣֻҪҵסǣһүӵʵɣաʵԽǿԽͼǿ߷ϼһܻ꣡
װأ
ɱǣװǸذǿ߶ǵͨͼʿһ˵ֻܻ߰ʮӣ
Ҷܻ̳꣬ȴֻ߰ʮ
ҪΪҵףƺ񣬾ֻʣ˷䣬̨һ·ˡ
ǰװʼؼһ׼ȷ˵ܻĪﰧõȻЭ֧֡ţװ͸¶ҵĵһ˳λ̳ˣʵһûи׵Ĺ̥һΡ
ǰװ챻ﰲϢϲ֪ʱѾˡ
˵ĵ죬װǰߣȻЭİƿ˾ӵĿȨ
죬ռŵ۹ӵĶ򲻶Ծ׼û٣װһݣɴռŵ۹ǩһϵе
˵ֻҪռŵ۹֧װƿңôװȨ֮󵹸꣬Ϊռ̲˹ͷӣ
Ϊ˱Լĳ⣬װӷŵģժȥţռŵ۹˼ǣʱȺռŻʵ۷¾װ
Ҳǽûҵӵԭ򣡣
˽ϡ
Ѿβ׶Ρ

װȻѹˣ
Ϻ޲óԼͣģȻɵײǹϣ
ʱҲĲߣȻȫӵи߼죬һˡѹ˻Ӫʱû֣
ԭ޵ϸ࣡
һλ˹Ϸʵشһϣ٩˵֪Ƿϴ죬Ͱˣԣԣ
˱ĳЦ
˰γ˵Ҫϣ
ǽϵĶǻ죬ͻȻֿס˼ԴһȻȱأѪȵأѼԴ˺
ۣ
ѪǼ˵ĽҲˣ
װүŶװҶ
ϿƲذѼͷ­ӽ˴ӣǫظӣȵ˵ѵûзŵľӣᣬѽ
ͨ
ͷ­ûڹĺˮˣװҲջ˾ȵĿ⣬ŽһЦᣡҹӪɱپˣͼӪ죬˵ᣡ
ҶᣡҴûӪ죬෴һжΪǰۿὣĽûͣ½Ųϼæ˵ܷɱ˼ķϣҽĻᣡ
װƲЦҵʿ˵ĲܱĻѻ
˿˵Ҷڽ磬·͵ѲĶԻ˵챻ھӪ֮Уһ٣Ҫܾȳ죬ǴһҾǱľӪ
װЦҲûзοƪʼ߼˭Ҳë
ǣҺܿͿӣ
ಱץ죬˵һڵɣλΪһˣпִңػļ𣿡
Ȼܣ
ȡ˽ǵͬ˵ҲΪ첻ҶˣҾ룬ˣȻװү̳٣ҺװүĹϵе㣬еǸһװүλֵˣ
װȤʣ뵽֮أ
˵Ȼ룬ȻˣɱϾװүװܰͳȥ͸װү˵ֵδҶĻģסԼһСȻҲžȳ죡װҶҵȫ뷨Ϊǰ
Ϊ˹ͣѾûлȨˣͰӪĿıֺδҶ
ʱװѽ϶λһʹ桯Сˣ˵㵹ǹأ
װû⵽ڳϵͬʱǱʶѾ˽ϵĹ
Ҳɲţ
ϱһѧڵѣΪ˰ｭҵŮѣרŽϡʾѧɣţҲһŸѹ
ҶҸ˵Щ½⣬ֻ˵
ϼʾ˵˵һˣףѾˣȥøãͱΪʵ׷ߡ
Чңװüëһ
ûҵĵһ֤͵ָǿǻļʬ塣
еһеڶඣ϶ּʬ壬װ϶˼˿Цݡ
ڶ֤Ǻǣˡðһ䣬Ҷ˾ӣûпƵ۶ܲɣ
Ǻʵ飬ܲﻹʮλϣװǧ֮ǣװҲмسˣΣ
ǵĻһοƼܲɣ
¶˵Цݣ˵ƼܲһҪܲҫٺ٣ֵķǡҫ׼ҿ˵ҫЧ
ǰĻֻǽһ䡮ҫЧҡȴװȻĶ
ʵ氡
޵ϣȻǸˣװЦãҽЧңףҲ㣬ҫЧ֮ǰ֮Ϣˣ
ĹǣҶˣ
߽
ŽϵıӰһλװ˵ҶСӲɿ
֪ɿֻҲбҫЧҡ
װһЦҶ޵ϣֻҪҫ̷֣ҲҪּʹС׷ߣ
ԶڵĽϲû仰¶һ˿΢Ц
һоգ

װûȫŽϣեɼֵ֮Ͱѽϸɵ
ǣϺγŹ
Ǽʹıݣҫգȫǽϵζѡ
ɱУǼͷصһ̣
һˣ㱻ƬҲǽһĶĲĵǣۿԼǰɱв£װƻ壡
Ϻ˵ضӮˣװȻûȤһͷƾϰѼͷ­ӽ˴ӡ
ѽѽû壬治أ
ĳĺԴˮ½ءص˲䣬ſһ̺ھϢʱԴգǰŲʮס
ȥĻзˣڲ¶ݵǰ¡ж˲ϰæȥҰţҲҵļƻ
뵽ٱʱеķԸٶȶȻ˼֡
ˣļƻöأ˼ȥհ죬֤װʶһĴأ


149 ΪǣǵĻ1
ҹ䣬ѹװҲѾƿľ׮ϣҳԱϤʽš
۵ɴţҲ棬޵ϣʵʵشţҶһˣ˵ͷűĵȥ
εˣαأ
΢΢һ˿˼
̬ƺɵң¶һ٣̾˿ǺƲϸղżʹС˱֣ޱ䣬ǲҲǼʹͶװôͬΪСˣʲôʸ񳰷˼ң
λǿˣҵľҲˣҪȥô
װڲԶ٩𸽽ļʮ
Щ˶ҵĸ߼죬֧ߣҲװеġ켺⣬ЩӲͷߣ飡
װɱңǧһ
һλװϵãҾĸܳʮȨ绽ĵ۹
вңðɣԸ
װγ彣ĲӣͻȻն䣬ۣͷ­Ѫװ֡
߾ͷװеڶߣƺѪЦ˵죬ôĸӮʮ߳ս۵廢֮ףŶԭҵʧ۾Ѿˡ
ĺᶯ˶
װѾ˵ڶλǰؿڣЧң׷ڵ£
촽ڶ΢صͷңҶ
ˣˣװЦ䣬ǣˣ
ĺٴβһ£
һͷأһᶶװնµͷʱĺҲƺ㹻͵³һ仰Ҫȼӣ
з˫͵ˣ
仰Ƕ˵ģ˼ǣ޵ϣҪӣɱв֣ܳܰų˫Ŀʧ֫ϣȴĶڳÿһģеȼλѾ컹Ҫ
˵ʮҰɣ
һϵ˫ȴһ˿ײĽɫâȻûгײзϣзһеڵȣȽɱз֮ʱһУնɱ޾װ
һ˺۵ǣԴסǣǣ

Ļ£֮ս
һƬķ֮Уոķ˵ϣ鶡˵˵ϣǮҲ˵ϣƸ죬ÿ˵üĶһǳǳĵۡ
Ŀжõ幫ͼվ򣬴صشϢսűģ˫˫һһϮƮﰲ
Ҫսôﰲǿɫ˫ˡ
սΪβսжһֻڸ߿ոЦ˵оˣѾ˼ޣֻҪлܷȫһʧ߾һ㣡
ǾͳһˣʹȫɣﰲȻ˵
ͼȴһҹսƫƫûʹȫһˡ
ﰲ㲻Ҫ̫⣡鶡ſһʯ˵ǺĸˣȻЭڣϽǼˣҲָɵﰲˣ
鶡ˣҲòʧˣΪҲûа֮ս
ӳ¸ڿУ׷Ʈ˵
ƨ鶡˲Ȼ˵ǻƭﰲĵ˼ޣֻҪȫ֣ʮ֮ڸɵ
ǵģҿʮ֮ڻɱ;ƿݵﰲ˲ģ٣Ͳҳ֣ô
𵭵ﰲһʯ
񵭵վ
΢Ц˵һԡ
֪ܣΪʲôҪԣ
Цҡͷﰲǿ˼һһۿССŮ򵥣ţĻѾٵˣȥְɣˣ
վţһ׿Ȼİ
ô
ѣĻѾһƬ棬ػｵôһ֮£˴ͼ˾ʹ˰ֵ˼
ͻȻ֮䣬ƮƮطһ
滹һŴַдţж
жϰհַһ
װѹ
˸ֵжĨȥּЦеػص˼λͼߣϲ˵λȥôأ˵ĦҵԮ٣ҼӰѾﰲߵǶ֣֮
ĿԪ˧õ幫վͼԼͬص˵ͷߵĴ㣡
жﰲ͵һߵͼϹأﰲĿ쵶ֳ棡
һˣ
ﰲҲڵһʱ֡
ǣƵõ幫ûʲôصĿԪ˧ȴ׻͵Ťͷŵжж͵ϮսѣԼﰲɵô
жһ˵Цݣб䣬ҵĵˡĿȰһ䣬뿪Ļ£ľӪˣڲҪʱȻһƣʧȥ˼ά˼ͼ֮
ĿжƬ̣Ǯߣ
жͻȻ̱صȻڽϵ±˲ʵҲⲿʵĿ޿ɷҲѾ;ƿݵĵزȻĿԪ˧ܻ뿪ô
ж˵ﰲĻ»ˣսҲû˼ǰ˹۹һΣ۹ҲһֱмӣڣĲĻ£㣬ٰ۹һ𣿡
ﰲѵ˵
жȴûнͣԶ󺰣ά㻹Ůô㻹ʵѪǾ͹Ȱ鶡˺ͺոķȥӪؼ壡
תֶõ幫˵ˣһʽΣһСæĦǷһ飿
ߴͼҵ飬޷ܾأҵơ
Ҫ֣жЦе˵ﰲж鶡ոķõ幫ǳ֣ĳЩСһ㻳ֻ;ƿݵĿռӣҳ̽ô˵
ؿ۰ţδԴƺڰʾʲô

ۣ
װվһͷѾѪȾ죬ͷһӣ
һ
װзϸ۾أһһȥʣµţʮʱͣ
죬𣬻ʣ¶ʮˣôһѽ
װĳԶԶָ죬Щʧ˵ʮʮʱΪڶ˳λ̳ˡ֪ҵʱ룬ʮ꣡ҵͼ츳໹ٻʮ꣬أٻܻһ꣬мʮ꣡
̳ʮ꣬ҶŻ㻹̳ʲôһ·ȴԶҲ޷ߵյ㣬죬ˣô
Ҫ㲻ܸҵĶԼѾõˡ
װʣĶʮҲˡ
װָЦ˵ôϣˣܿϧҪЩϣһͬȥˣ׼ʽү·


150 ΪǣǵĻ2
ܿ죬ϵդͱˣֻӺһͱںϡ
һλѾװһŽɫţǹһɫļ
װңıġүӣ𣿶ԣǡ̩˹֮
ಣ
һɫļģʮǰŹɱԼ常ҵ
ಣ
ڶģ꣬㷢ҵҫλѪػѪ˵𾪴½˵ȨȣŹ
ಣ
ţʮǰŹɱʮλԪϣǧͼڵһң
ļҽţʮǰĴξ֮ңܻʵ۵ϸ磬֮򶥷壡
ʮǰʱͼҵݣѪǣһʱ˸â

ǰξ֮ңֶɱһֲĻʵ۵ϸ磬Сʵ·λƵ۹Ȩ
һ仰һһ½ʷǨΰҵ
ڶʮĸʱװĵڶʮ׼ʺÿһκ䶯½߱а̩˹֮ô죬ҳȫ㡭ҹڰ̩˹֮װǶ
ң
ǧһ֮ʣװȻͣˣ׼죬Ϸʵ˵ɱ㣬̫ˣ޵ϣҰϵɫ
ҲĽϱһͷѪѳװָĸ롣
죡װȣװưͣƽѾԿ˵ˣ˵˵ˣ
̧Ѿûεͷ­ȻһЦȿ֪֮
ѾȻ
װƽâָ۾ˣ˵˵ˣ
ȿ֪֮
ʶ̧ٵ϶
װѾЩεò㣬Ų磬ಡһâ

һ壬˿
ֻſͻһŽ⣬𿪹Ҳ͵Ƶذװ˵ڵء
ɫڿлһߣץУһʹװĿڣ
죬
װ˾˵Ĵ͵߿죬γļ򣬡ˣҰ⽴
ƽʱһָɱװ졭
˶ʮļ˵Ҫ˶ѾˣװѾޣ
ۣ
һѾһĺ󱳣
ŵڶֻѾӵ⽣Ӱ˸ĲУһֻκеС㡣
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ȻΧɱѾͻȻĲҽС
ϻͷһֻϲ֪δһõ廨٣⻨ٲնɱĵ̳һõ廨̣ƵѾʮ׿⣡
õõ幫
װɫ䣬ŵؿΧ£ԩ޳𣬺αعҵ飬ӣձл
ҪҵףǼŲң˼أ
һβõ幫Զ˳վźװĻҡͷ̾Ϣ˵Һϲ飬ϧ˲ͬģ˵鶡ˣ
鶡Ҳ
װѾûѪɫˣɸҪǣ鶡˳֣ŮάҲڷŭضװ壬߱λҲĳһ˵أ
װţȻά߻һɫװˣò͸Ÿ߰ոķ㣬ʲô
ңֻǰ֣㱳أ
ոķ͸һɾ˲еɱ
װ͵ػͷжЦе
˵һȴֻжֱָָߣװֶ̫ѾʮˣȲ˼ƯѾͷǿɣ
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찡
װһѣΣǰ˻˵Լʮһ˴ӮɱҲѹһͼ
ﰲ
Ů˳ĵһսڰնɱ˱Լǿ򱶵Ļƽʨ
壬λͼ٣װʤҡװļðһƬƬ亹ֻڴ񣬻λҪܱ˵ļº𣿡
ڰˣ
ж˶Ź˵£̫Ҳܱ˵ļ£ɼܲס˳û취ֻͼæ
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װߵѾȻȵ˭ĳңеûվ𣿡
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޵ϣʲôͼ𺳵ľʧװûп
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޵ϣҵ͹ˣ
Ҵûе͹㣡֣ǶʮĽϵļѸٲ죬˵үӣŵסô
㹻˵һ仰
Ǿ˵˵
ȣ֮ѾУȻЧߣ̣
Ҳ𣬡ڽƾȨ
ǶʮʣĽվһҰƵĺдʥսӱǷҺ
ǰӪ
ʮʮߣʮţȫϣ
һͼѹѾ죬лһ˹Ϊ˵ﰲһ߱λݣȥװӽμѡ

ݵĻ֮ʮӷѳӪһֲ⣬ߴЧװЩ˱װ󣬻ռžȥ
һ»ص£Ƕʮ£תǹڣװľӡ
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һ󷽵ϣʮλĽǶΧһŲǰ
پӣϵǿһʵ
һλ˵ԼʮѾ׷װռŵ۹ʧ٣˲⣬ʮʿЧ
ʮ˽ǣһԪܺã
컺һʮλҲûб죬ã
Ƿ׷׹򵹣
Ƕʮ˶š
㱵ѣһ˵̬Ƕʮˣʱᣬ׵ǽڶǴ󽫣ܶǰ߾񣬵ڶڸ󳼣ǰ񡭡ְڼ䣬ӵҾ߾Ȩǵһȼ峤ϣҲȨǵľأ
ʮʱʹ˳
ظȫ̱΢ɲ˵һжˣ˶ȥɣ޵£һļ仰
үӣһЩҽӦϢ
ڽߺ󣬽ڲȰ˵
ƺûϵĻأ˵޵ϣĹ󣬵ȴûиκνųڶʮ֮⣬֪Ϊʲô𣿡
͸һв


151 ħ֮
ү˵
ϰڲǰļһͷƴıӡ
Ȼ˫ĿʧûӸọֻ̈̄һ԰ϢжǾǡͷ
ҲһɰȻɵϣͷܿ˵޵ϣһͣ
ƽصͷ˵үѾ˴𰸣αҽͣ
ˣͼڣڲ
ϻǰƣֻǼĸˡ
ƴĹ춯Ц˵ع⣬ɱô
޵ϲңҲүӲƽҵݣŵͷ
Ŷƾʲô˫˽ϵӡ
ƾľƣƽ˵ѣү߿ŵֻʣ˶ʮҪңҪһܱʮгɱƽϢҳ
ƽ⣬Ǵ½õҽʦ߳ɵİգָǰ۷״̬
ҽʦͼڽ壬ǸЩβ˵ı¡
ˢأ쳭ұϵĳ˽ϵĲϣ㻹̫ˣΪƾ仰ҾͻΥɱڸͼڵô
֮⣬Ųӣųʣβʹ֣үʾ£
Ц
ȻǸˣҲһժ
Ƿǳͨİ׽׹һԲεĽУһۣһŮ˵ͷĽŮˣ
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쾲˵Ů˵ݣȳʮǰҼ̳мҶһҹʮ֮ǰһֱԼͼڣҵһŮ
ĬĬţȴѸٴĦڹؼʱСŮͼ
Ǿȶʮյ죬˵һˡ
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ʮ˸ڹűǰ׼ɱˣȳġ
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һʮζεĴɱѪɺӣ󣬻˿ȵϣһ
ԳЦš
ȴ𾪵ʣүӵĵȼǡ
ƷͼԳ˵һУһоͻƷͼҵʵȴҿˣ˵Ѿ˼ļޣѾķ룡
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Ҿӵʱȴˣ˵ѾħĺӣҴɱԣһҪº֮󣡡
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ҷŹȡ֪Ϊʲô󷢴ȱô
Ц˵ΪǧŮһ۾ܿȷһӣ
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ҲҰȷ𵽱ԭʼ֣ħԶҲҲ
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˵ǳ˳飬޵ϣȵĻ֮һ΢ͼᣬó򿪣
ѣͭ棬Ӽƽ
ϵĸͼϵͫ׼ǿװʵүӣ˵ȣҿķͼʲô
ķͼһ̣еĻƽȵɷħıǣ

Ĭá
ʵķͼô
ϵͷڸԼϵľ˵סˣү˵ʱȥַ֮ʲô
˵ȵɷһħǳµʵϣɱ֮ҹ͸оˣǸħһײħһԻƽΪǵģԩ
쿴ƽ˵֮ȵĺӣϸֳˡѡ
ϵЩӲˣҲ˵ǺϵħʼˣӺѿʼͭ棬ٵӼɻƽʱͽΪһֲ׵ħ

ˣܴȣҲҳһħԵĸӣ
ϴ˸սʣǸأ
ȵʬ壬ҪȥɱǺӵʱЧȵļʿһ·׷ٵ˴ӣڴҵְ˴ӣ
쾫ήңû⵽ϵ˵Ȼҹ˼ħʵûйֻ࣬˵ǲģһǺӵĵһ̳ݣ԰ʾҲû˺ĸӡ
˵ҵشϢһҲ˽ʱ䡣
ãʵ鵽ƺѾˣүӶ˵Щ
ҸЩǸһ
Ǻһ
Ϲ졣
ƽ˵װ䣬ҷˣʧȥģķѣǿлţ᧿Σĵزʱֻеһ̳˳֣飬ҵ
ǺħĺžʮĽһӵʵߣԵңҪһײеħô
Ǻӵĸ䣬һħѪ޵ϣԹͨͼڣ񣡡
쵹˲ϣ˵޵ϣҵǺӣҾԶݣʹΪҵȨ֮һ֮ģ
˼ã˵һǳҪ⣬үӱش𣡡
˵
һǺӱ㶪ӣ˵Ѿˡ
ǰҺάףõ˻ƽʾҪӹʹ־ǣ
ϵͷڶ⣬ҪǺӵȫϣ
Ҹ׹һԿףԿףȥװµġ̩˹֮ȫ϶˹档
װ˵ʮһֱЯ̩˹֮ԭЯħ֮ӵܣ
֣صذԼĲϣȻյߣ֣ص˵үӣΪҪһҪʵ˵
һ㶣˵
һ۾ܿȻǴӣⱾ£봫ڸң
ãҴ㣬һŮǷǴӣɹ۲ʺ֮Ѫܳʵ࡭쿶˵˰仰ȻʶƺЩ޵ϣʲô


152 Ұģ
Ҷˣ˵
ĳҲŮѵĵùƺûľ
Ц߰ڽ϶˵һֻж˲ŶĹŮȻſڽϵļϷ˾ƣߵһ̾Ϣ૵˵˲һ֡
ȥɣˡ
֣һֱǰΪΪһѪΪҫ
ƺڼһҡ
̸ܾǰ˵һλϣҰӼֻ̳һģδңҪδ
ʱԺŻϵĽָգǧ˵ҪһƬĽɽǿգ续ɽս
Ȼأ
ϱ˸ƿԡ
⶿ӸҼסһ仰縡ƣһɽֻǿգ
ҫһǰܣ˵Ļʱһ̾󣬽ƺ˽̸仰

׷װвľӻڴƽӰߵĴӪѾ
뿪Ϳ鶡ˣոķάĸ˵ıӰһСԶԶʻĻ£ǻʹ˷㲻׷
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ϴһ׷ȥվںӰ˫ֳϥǣèæһҹͼǶ;ƿݵĵزʮгɱƷͼʦûжˡ
ϣֻҼСôƲ졣
ĬĬά
ӸӼŭһҪάˮǴߵ֣С˵һΣپάС֮ǰһԼݣĲССĽڣͼı߶մϵļ֣ƾ㣬Ҳոķ
ӦÿһЩ޵ڷּƽװ䣬Ǹѵõ˲š
ոķŽϵ͸һӺڸǵͣάؽգһöɫͭȴ˳Ҳ⣬ңոķľԶһλã
ôأ
˲ţһλá
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ոķֵһҪʩᣡոķֳԽУýЦһֻͻѹ̫õĺֻ꣬ͻڽά֡
ϧϻкʼϲֻ̨̫ˣЩСֻλߣոķƾͭˮ˵ҽʰͭңл߽ڵȦӣŻöͭҶС壬ڣ
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ոķ΢Цų˴Զȥ
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ͷҲصʵһ˿ͷƦеľǿ
Ȼʸ޵ϣոķ㵱СΪƿش½ĺóףΨһԯ׶Ϣ³ߺĺǿˣոķһ仰ǧ座Ȼɫ䣬ʸ񣡡
ж˻˵ҲֹոķһҹƽϢ䣬ѼͼˣתΪܵ𣿿Ҫ㣬󣬼ͼŹ֣ףֻλϷеһöСӣֵľļͼڣͳͳûа
ϲ̧ͷ
㲻ţ
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ж˸߰׷ԲԵͷ­һԣһУһ񣬶½ɫ䣬ǧ˿ȻǵȦӣʸ㣬²λȦӣ
϶ںӱû˵óж˺ԼҪԼһҵҰġ
Ǳ˵縡ƣĽ̸Ӱ̫ãֻƽ˵ϷˣңҸл㣬һڵӣҫһͷȴ䵽룬˫Ŀʧ̱ڴ³νλߣνҰİҵôҪ𣿡
жͨ͸ЦϣûˣѾǵȦӡʹ졭ЩλУҫھӣ
ĽϵļһûйȵĶܰ
óûгΪһҰģԽʮһ仰û۰µҰģ㲻ûгΪλߵģȻ㽫ԶֻǱڲı΢ӣ
һˮԼϣĺˮ峺ζܳʱ䶼û˵
жʧ̾˿㻹˵磬㲻ȥױˣͻᱻף޵ϣóģдһɣ
ԶȥάӰеϬһ
һ˲ı仯жϻοЦ˳
˵Щʲô
ϺȻЦеʣϷˣҿˣ㼤ңҽƣͷԸĦң
£˵㵱ϣ˺˼ͷ­µҪɱϣֺ飬޵ϾһǱԨľһƣǰĦ䲻߽⣬Ҳضͷʹһ󣡡
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ŻȻǲ㼸ĹϵأԼãɯŮж۰Ů
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ж߻ؾӪ˽һͷ׷ͣԳƲΰͼӰһĪĻ
Ϸˣܰһæô
׷С
ж޵񣬡̫ѵɲҴӦҵľӪһʧȥս˼ˣ̫ķˡ
Ϸ˷ģҵδս棬ȥԸң
죬ҼӺոķٱ֤ʱһҵҪΪʲôô
жζŽϣϵҪֻ֮ĸϷʧȥ˺ϵĴкҪУ⣬ͬ飬ΪҲйƵɬʱ⡣
Цŵͷ֪ոķ䣬ʱɣ
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򵥵ֱимΪж˵ˬ죬ΪһΡס֮ۡ
ӺոķɲΪά
ûмոķĹʱ϶ΪԼȵĶӣǸѪͳħ֮ӡǺոķҲйһǸϹĺѣһж˷٣ոķҲпǸħ֮ӣ
ҵħ֮ӣȡҵȫ֧֣һǸ˵еλȦӡ
ǽϵһģҰģ
꣬ͻٻǱ֣˭˵겻ϻͷϣҲһѴ֮߸ϣ޵Խ


153 ˭ľ飬˭
Ŀж˻صʣںӱͣһ
ԴںˮԾ˳ѽѽ·أˣ˼޸
ڲݴϳʬ壬ĬĬ޲
ƺоЩԵļҿ˵߰˷ӣڻ˳ˣȻ᲻άС뿪Ϊʲô׷ȥأ
Ŀޱ˵˭˵᲻άһڡ֡Ůˣֵȥ׷ô
Ŷںά
۾һ˿ǻ۵ĹâһƻĵĺƤ꣬ǣΪʲô촫ڸĹŮϸ۲άüأУΪʲôȷάǴ֮͵͵˿أ
ϰѼͷ˹ͷϣһıҽС
Ȼˣ᲻ãҲȥ׷Ϊ˵˿ŮˣܵŮˣѾУܳô
ͷļȻŽϣðһ仰
е˼أ
ƨˣ
ϴ꼪ϵһ˰̣վͷʹֵŶͷ˶Уü³ǰǸ鷳أ㻹ȶڴӵףʱҪɣ

λͼյĽƴ߽ʱﰲڴϵжʰ񣬶õ幫ȻһֹŰš
ΪĻƽʨӣΪ˶׵ضõ幫°ƺĥýߣû𿾣
ﰲС㣬ְ˹۹һΡ
ﰲǰϵأ˵Լֻ˵۹ȻǰѻƵСʵ·ϡ
ﰲһĵĮƤûһ£սͼֵĴ۾ڶ޷˶˵֮ͣת·ױ²⣬ˣҼСҲøˡ
ȻʵҪȥĻ£
ŲûоȽϲԼ˼Ц˵ĻѾ˷棬ؽٵΨһҪȥһġˣұȴʦĮ⾳
ûĻ´õ幫Ťͷ޵ϸĮǸأ
ƽʨĹάֹĮʦ˵յ㡭
ֹ˻ƽʨӣƺʧˡ
յ㣬ǻ𣿡õ幫Ԥϵ˵˻ƽʨӵ°仰ζŽϣԹܴﵽ⾳ǿߵмģֻв³һˣֻǲ֪޵ϸǷأ
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õ幫һ۰ţΪҲΪ̾ͿţСҾ
Ŷһô
ϵ٩õ幫ȴ˰ϣҪ۲ŮķӦ
ϧƽ糣һ֮̿ϵưƣʥ࣬ȴ͸һԴĦƮ졭
ҧ˵Ĺ¶ݣ⻰ЩȴòһѲŮˣŮˣ
ʱĹͻȻ
賿ĵӣ·ݵ̫𵽴ĸ߶ȣߵı仯ƺֻ˵յͬʱ˼Ϊȫʴ
ڼλͼâºۣϺԵ깵ĻƽʨͻȻ˫ĿԲ˼£ɭȻ˵ζԣ
ĺÿ졭
ŵǵۻڵеﰲڻһϣһ̫ðﰲѱ棬ðСԻˣһСߣ
ƽʨصصͷС㲻£ԼСģ
һĹٶжüͷʨӣ˭ˣ
ȻЭᣬ𣡡
ƽʨϻȻûͷĴɵʨŭţ˫ڵٳһصĵؽѣﰲ˽ȥһ֮ߴͼ޲ߣʱȴų۷֮įǿߵѡ
ж˺ɵˣĻѾˣʲô
ȥ֪ˣ
ɵĽЦе˵ȻЭʲôԼλͼҲãװҲգֻһСʱ
΢Ҳб΢ߵ

ͬʱʴ澰һƬڰ֮Уڣ࣬ףɫսɵԭҰϳͻˮкأɢӵĸݡ
߳ĽϿβһʱֻаţõ幫жʧȥսͼߣﰲڻƽʨӵıһ·ھ뿪
ǰװ䣬ֹȻϮҾܲҹս𣿡
һλʱĽָǰĵ˴
ʿƽף϶ȻЭʮƽʿ֮һֻǲ֪ʵ֮ĪﰧΣս֣˿ΪƺѰʲô
ὫЩߣϲĪǸ²Ϊ˰װȻһж˵ʥʿкҪһӦ
ʿѰҡ
ⳡжһЦǳǼͼˣ
صض¹ȣˡ죬ȵжл˵۸һЩСʲô£
ʿȻжǰ濴˼ۣȻжˣõ幫ﰲ޵ϣҲг
ôֵҵ֣
ƲƲ죬˰űһдӶ׵ӡ
ʱжѾóļˣ˵Ǿл˵ɣ
ʿһҳϵȮмشİ󣬺Ȼ𳤽ȫֹϵѾȷݣ£
أʿ糱ˮóһֱͨϵ˵Ĵ·
һָڱһֵһӵʮֳ˹ǿƥãɫ֮޿ɶεĴأ˲ˣ
жҧҧ˲˵ʲôģʹ˵ɣ
꣬ϷˣһЩʱ㻹ǽǡ
·жߣ촽ʳָȻһơ

жˣʮ꣬ʮǿ֮һĦҵҶ˹۹鳤½ɷ֣Ӱ½ʮľӢƣ
Įжˣõ幫ߡ
΢΢һЦܹõӣõ㣬ȴҲ㣡
£ȻҶʦȺ棬ϧҲǡ
õ幫˵סĿڣ˾ɥϢأﰲС㣬ˣ
ߵǰģﰲĿ˵һսˣ
ս벻սԺ˵ﰲСҲһú𣿡
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ذǿ߰ҴӮ𣿡ε̯սʤǿ־ǵذĪﰧǷȫԸ֮ĿսʤĪﰧһλӵСʥսװļصĶװƽĶۣеһԣȴûбʤİգ
㲻սҿ԰ƵЩʧ˵
ˣתװ׼ʱ֣
޵Ŵ⣬Ǽֽɻķ·ߡ
ɻڽ˿ѧַ£ƮƮؾ¥µһȴ
ڵ鶡ץס˷ɻչһЦոķ㰵սǸСһ鷳ˣ
ڲ輸ԺԼĵĺոķʵⲻǸô޵ѣŻһѡ
βһ鷳Ūã޵ϻС
ոķ˰գ̧ͷʣ˭Ҫɱ
ذǿߣʥսװɽ˹
ոķüëһʱ䣬ص㣿
鶡˰սںոķǰָָ֣һСʱ֮󣬵صû˵Ļ½̨
ոķȻ˳ȥ
鶡ü˵һȥɾͳˣ
ɣ޵ѰĸΨһۿУҲ³ոķɥһеĶϳ㣬Ц˵ܱսң޵ϣ㹻ݣҷ
϶¥ƿ˽ϵķš
ٴĲ輸ԸԼ壬͸ŵʤЦݣ̫Ӵݹ٣ԣֻûƣȣʻʲôأ
սսҲսոķ


158 Ҳ
ûƣȣʻеףսѣ
ոķŸһȵԽʽ΢Ц˽ǰԼ̬ȣ׾ٻ˴ʷе
Ħеһöɫӣ˼һ·һѣֻǸλ䣬ССͼʦԲġ
ոķҲһöɫ뽭϶ģ㵽ֹкγԲģ
ӵʾⲻոķ̸
ոķЦЦоһƣ˵壬ºα
ոķһ尵ʾԼѾģϵкɫӣЦǰȻپȥԶûµڶ̵Ļˣ
ոķҲкɫӣү壡
һЦһоڲС
ոķһ裬ĵ˵ȻģҪЩ˵һȤԴ½ҰʷȤǷĹ£
Ȼ֪ÿһϸڣү֪һΣ
ͷʼɡ
ոķЦһ˿ɬʮǰһռŵ۹óĺһŮͬһ죬Ļʺȴһӣһ֮֮𣬾үӦеĵ
»ӵһ죬ĸƾӹŮģԴʧ裬乬
Ǻʧ裬ԼŮӴʰһӤٳԼĻӣʮ꣬ǼٻӢţΪ̫ӣռŵϷүոķ˼ǲ֮ʥӡ
ոһԹߵĮԼ˶˵Ǽٻӵ츳ֻкոķԼף츳ģǰʱ򱳺ͻȻһƺѵÿնעһͼö֮ٻӺոķͳΪʮǿ֮һ
Ȼܹ
ոķ̹ȻȻΪƾʲôʮʱͽΪƷͼ
ͽ˱ˣϱĻƽԱȺѸΣƽȴûиһȼ
ү֪ĺˣոķһսʧѪ࣬ռŻʵ۲ϧԸѪǲںϵѪҺ֤ռŻʵ۵ӣٶʮλռŹֵ͢׷ɱ£ٻӹ󣬿˺ոķ̻ᣬΪԯ׶ϢΨһܹߺĺ
ոķһ裬ѵĹ˵ˣүʲô𣿡

ĹУħ֮ӵĹ꣬ոķڰ֣ȻոķҪҵҵһ˳λ̳ˡ
һĽոķųˣԼħ֮ӵ㿿һ󲽣
ҪҪϻƽݣһ죬˳ؼ̳ң
ж֮ǰĽһۼ֤λȦӵĲпᣬζ˹ײı֮󣬽ϵĹ涼ѾףΪҵĵһ̳ˣζװѾķ׷ɱڲɵĺݶѹָʵ֮п֮ײзˣ
һ̳ˣȥôٽǻδſĳеѹ
Ų̣¶дħ֮ϵƤڣҵĸ롣
˼۾ڣոķʧҡͷүħ֮ӣȻϣʹҵԼĸϧ
֪²ǣҴ۸ͣһҧҵһ˳Ϊ̳أ
̸ز
ոķȣ̰η壬ȵ䶯ʧҪðҵһ˳λ̳ˣ
ϵȻ˵ԯ׶ϢΨһܺߺĺ÷ţ˵ģոķһ½ûκĺҰˣðħ֮ӣңط½λȦӵΨһȤô
ᵽҵһ̳̺ɱոķĬ˺ܳʱ˵ðħ֮ӣҾҪѾڲķɣԼɱ
һͦȥˣӵ·λ
ϾȻ㲻õģұ֤һ֮ѹѾͷɣǿ߻Բô濼һ°ɣ
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ոķЦôθڣ㻹˵Ҫƽؼ壡
Ҫô̲ңаգҪô̸ûз߸·һ˫Ӯ͵ĲģºոķϹ뿪˷䡣
һһһ磬ξѡ

װ뵽˽ϻμӺľҲ˼ֽϳķʽû뵽ľȻҡжˣõ幫ﰲԼύʮλɰ糱ˮڽƨɺ棬ѱ΢罭ӳĵǿ֮¡
үǺôųأ
ظǰ̨ǰװзϸ۾˵
ʶжͺոķ˷ˣѾװ̨ϵ⶿Щɹٷ֮ٶȻЭĹͣЩ˵ֻǸӶѣʱԿʼأ
Ѿ̨ϵˣװָ̨뽭ϡ
΢Цк˹ȥߵ;ʱȻʵȻǾҪЩͷװүʤҪʲô
ʤͷѾˣܸʲô
ϻͷ𣬻˵ҿ֧ͳһң
֮ǰȫûаʾпյһ飬ȻһЦʦȻЭĹͣ飬û⡣
ϻعͷЦװѾעˣأ
սʤҡ
ȫû׼װһʱҲòƥĶע
Цʤˣ˳ңʮӵһҲֻ㵱ЩѵϣװȻҵĵڶ˳λ̳ˣ
ѾѾΪҶװԼǵڶ̳ˣ͵ڳռҲͳһͳ֣뵽װˬкβɣģΪ֤
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ףͷֽìֽɫƣϻֱָƽƷЩް䣡
־ߣ˵ϵ߼ɫƷʥսװԶӢٻϹſսͼڱһıĪ⣬Сģ
ҪлĽϺȻ϶һСؿ
ͣһС⣬ʥսװ
͸ˣ
δɣ
˲
ս۵Ĺ򣬽ϰ͵Сȹϣʮ棬þòˡ
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赭д̯ά˶ʧٶʱ֪Ϊˡ
Цпᣬ˵ʹ˵ǣΪȣ
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159 Ѳ˵£һƳ
λߺ£΢֮ǧ˱ܣȻᵱв׼ãڷ޵ȴǵƵĽɣǿ񼶳ѪǣҲޡ

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ʹһУì˦ѲϷ۵Ľ˦˰գì֮Ͻ˵
ڰյĽȻн˽ìͻȻۣ˳ųìǡһ»Ĺ˫ȭ
˺ҧɱıܣ˹ĲͻȻǹתŤͷҧס˽ìۡ
뽭Ƥ磬˱仯ɵİ׹װףѣ³һɫм
ƾ˺ҧԼֺ֣޹˼ɵصγȭ죬
䣬뷢ŭţ״
סϵļѨλֹѪ
һغϣγȭλͷ­Ҫ˻
Ϊڹսͼֻһʱ죬ͼʦ֮Աͼʿǿ󣬾ǿֲԶ̹˹Զ֮ǰһսֻ
Ҳص촽²㾹ȻֵزҵĶ֣
ϵֻó汾°ɣ
ͷͻȻһɫĹΣͼʿԶ̴ͼᡣ

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һ뽭ٻʬսһޣֻٻĲʬ壬ǷԲ֮ڵоǣͼӳֹǿǣ
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Ҫʤ׷ĽϺȻһ쬵⡣
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˲ƵĽϺһͻȻ׹ǣڰ;жȻ˵ϡ
ȣ
ԼҳĵؿϻӦǱצ˺ȥһƤȥֻѪɫͫŸ̨߰ԼǰһֻԹСɫǣݹ᾵ɽɫӣѪ
Ѫǣûоô
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õ幫ͷǣ˵һĳѪǣ񼶣Ѫǣ
ͼʦǿ˵֣֮½ķҲŸԵȼĹ۵·ȼս൱ͼʿʿ൱ͼʦĵذ񼶣оսѷͼ񼶡
ңԶĴ˵Ҳֹʥޣ˵Ǵ˵ձ鲻桪Ȼֻм֪ʷĳֹʮ𾦾֮ǿޣ
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գжΧڹעսȺǣϼһεĹ⻬ָᣬҪ׼Ѫǵȥ
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жüͷһ壬ȴŵ治ɫϣͿˣ𲻻ʵ޵ϵѾ˶ԸѪǵֶΣܲ³ʲô𣿡
΢˫İźһ̨Ŀᵽһͷ޵Ϣޣ
ѹ񼶳Ѫǵޣʲô
Ѫ˵ĹѾ˵ڶֹƣΰǿɽ˵ǰȽϵӰٶȻ죬צס˽ϵ˫磬ҧ˽ϵʺ
ۿǿڵ˽ǰ屻ѹ޷Ľ͵һӣͷײ˹ǵš
죬ǵĴҧס˽ϵţڽƤİ׹װ֮ǰԴͬʱҪ྿ϵԴ
ǰɣ
ŭˣʲôȻ˼ҽ׵Сͷȥ
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ٴȥɣ
ϵëһţ̨ܻܲͿ͵СܹѹͷʵﵽԵĹˣ
һģë׵СȻۡһǷ˸ССƨ
ƨ
˵ƨ죬ƨȴ˳㣬գۼĻȺ۶ݵס˱ӡ
޵ϣƨǫ̂µװЦ
̨ϵҲ̲ס˾
׼ֶĳѪǣȴͣ˽Ų
ͻ̴棬Ӽϻʬ壬֪Ѿ˺ԼԼհ֮壬յѡһܣ
֮ĵȼǧ겻䣡
ͬĵᵽɳƨĳѪǲս޵ϾԴһͷޣȻСûж̣ϵֻʣһѹͷȼڣӼϻܣѪǿޣҲֻжһ·ѡ
ѪҪת
ۣ
һˮסȥ·ŵڶԼа˾Űٵˮűɷѩ̨ԵΧȦɢһȦεɫˮĻϣܷӾء
Ӿءпʼˮ֮ˮ
ϣ˹׼ߵĳѪǶˮ
ëСˣ
ϿҲһ㵵ģʶžĲϵС⡣
ӾءˮͻȻϷӿոķһ׳޳󵶸ˮ棬΢΢һЦ˭ܣ
ûʶӴܵԭ˹Ǻոķֹס˹ǣŭոķ£ں޵ϹƽҪȥңҪֵͼ̨
ಣһˮͻʮ󲽣
ոķԲƣˮϹ˲ͣıӼϡ
һǿУͼ̨СӵİϷ˹޵ϣҾͲ⻵ȻЭĹأɽʮ壬⻰Ҳڳ˵
߾٣ƶϣոķư֮˾Ⱥ޵ϣұʮ֮


160 һ֮
ոķڳˣ޵ϻ̨һָԷûҰһԷα壬ǰ֮󣬾ͳ˸빲ֵܣ

λĵĻȺ۲뵽ȦӵݴʣΪضǺոķ޵ϴĳ̨½ף棬࣡
ĻȺȻ΢ЦźϷĽһչ
ܣΪֱһЩˣװݺϢˣ
ոķϵصǸȻѾڰ˰СʱĿ˾ÿһ衣
ֵܵĳƺոķѾӦԼĽףϴ˳ڸı˶ԺոķĳƺЦĲ٣СӦһԹսɺã
Ĳҳ֣
ոķؿ۱ˮסĳѪǡ
СװʮЦӣ
ոķ΢΢һЦɢȥˮ
飬ѪԱƴǿߵ޸ʮĴۿոķѹϵСǰţһ
໡
ѪǷһĺУתܣ
ˣ
ʱѾǰ£ɣ
ҧҧͦìǣսˣ
û˳Ѫ޿ɵĸķʮ룬ܣ

תظΪͼ̨ĹأҪⳡıֵľ֮дͼڵذͬʱĻȺҲõ˼ӽ̸Цʱ䡣
źոķ˵Ľ䣬ЦôͻȻˣ
ոķ٩ƵЦ֪ʣѾӦϷҵȻῴС
ǸϢ
ոķ֣ʾ潻׿ʼ
Ǻոķû֣Ŀ䣬𼱣ȻҴӦȫƽңһ³֮ά
ûоȣûƣֻúոķĸЦԷǣ
ʵʵ˵ǴʵάȷЩ뷨ģȻĻټάʱʧأϾתӴŮ˾άǡ
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Ĺ£ʼջԼܾҵĵһ˳λ̳ˣģάı㣬ûпһģ
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ǺոķȻ˵
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ոķЦ֪˵ʲôûάƢ꣬ϲӴˣŮ˲ֻڣά㲻͡˵ûõˣ˵ɣϲϷά
Ϸʵû⣬άأ
ոķԸ˵Ҳάң㣡
ôǵĽ׳ɽոķҶˣ
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ʱԶԶشظ˳
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һ˲Ĵ֮󣬺ոķЦЦǸĺߣ
ѾߣİϵС𣬡л£ⶫˣ
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ڽϾȵʱչָһµͼѾˣսʤ֮޵ؽذһǿߣȻЭṩ
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ÿ˶ԼĹ£ȻǵֿۣܺܲҲûз۶ľʣ㲻ܷΪһ˵Ĵڣϲˣ
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ϲؼȳԱЧĶʮλ֮һȻֻһھķʵȨɾ٣ƾһ磬ɱͷ˵ԣ˵仰˾ͶøЩӣ
Ļµʱ򣬱ɱڽķУͬУƽϢδҵľǵϲ
ȲýϵرϲĻ֮סظĵһ㣬ʳжֻǿһ㣬ʵϺͷػһұĽܵأٵĿͷҲĸԸسˡ
˽죬սʤװµͷӸϲüɫ裬̨ԺͺɤӣȻ˽ȵԼǰ
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ϲϻο˵ܿ𣿱Ҿʮˣ۾أ
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װ̨´˼˹ֺ˵㣬ѾѪˣ̧ͷŭ㻹ҪעĹ̴ҶˣǺոķ߳Ѫǣսʤ˹Ԫ˧ô
ƤһȳǽĽŤͷ
ʤʤ䣬ѪԼ˹޵Ϻ£Ҫ䲻С
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˵ʲôԼҵĵڶ˳λ̳ˣ
Ϻû壬˫ڶߴ˵λǶװԼҵڶ˳λ̳
װŭҳ
Ȼˣô⡮ڶ̳ˣͱһ̳·
ϻתȵؼһ˳λ̳ˣոķ£


161 ɲǷҫ
ƽһף
ؼķѣ챾Ȼڱ͸ռϷ磬ԲѺ֥ܲĶѾձɽװѾֲҲùʮֵѷȦ˲װǰ˵Ѿûδˡ
ý㣬ҵһ˳λ̳ȴճ

ĻȺʶĵһʻ㣬ѵǧͼڵһٴ˺ġĵڶǾηոķĺҵĴ½϶Ϊһһʱİˣ
˵һɲɿƵ
ϣڼ֣ĻȺ۵ķӦ˻Ҫ죬һͷ׳Ц޵Ͼүҵһ̳˿ɲѰҵСүĪҪЦźã
½Ⱥ۶ڿţ޵мӣҸλЦ̳˵ϣλģҸҹոķµݣʮ֤֤ݣλ֤
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ǹͷ׳ƺӣЦ¹ҵȨ䶯˿ɲʲô֤ˣֻҼжսףȨ䶯ҶԽ׵ǰЩǰ
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һԵж˲ûи˵Ļᣬ˹Ȩ䶯˹˵޵֤Ǹӣ㲻Ը⣬뿪˹ñ˶˹ָֻţ
ոķжˣͼѹ֮£ͷ׳ֻܱͣ
λʲô𣿡վǰӥˮ½֮ЦѨժսС꣬λû뿴
ڻѾ׼ã̩˹֮飬չʶ֮ȨѰؼһ˳λ̳ˣְڼ䣬˼죬ÿ
˵꣬Ϻ˵ϲ
ҶױʣϲмҶĶŰǣǼҶʱ´
ϸ߸߾˲ȻĽڶһ棬ŮȵĻҲǺոķµĸף棬ҵ߻ܣ˵ֻϲ̫үĿ
ӹĵϲ˱Źͼ۽ϡ
ҵһ˳λ̳˵ıǣһӦϸҶдڼҶ棬̫үĿԼҶֵ֮ݣ鿴ոķǷҪҵǸӣ
쵱Ĺ½һֲһֲĵд鱳棬ħ֮ӵĸװȣɱҸ֣ǧ׷ɱħ֮ӣֵĵϲ;̲סݺᣬ૵ûģĿõ飬ոķ
˽һ͵񣬺ոķŵϲ̫үȥظĸҡ
˵ոķıħ֮ʲôͬΨһĲڹĳʱ䡪ħֺ֮ѣոķǰ꣬ǺոķʱӵкֻԼͽֻ֪ҪܣϲͲ鲻κ
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164 У2
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ܵôȻߵݣ˵ʲôͶЭϼһǧǰݺ½ĳǿӲƴϻûԲУ
ĪǶϼ٣һԵȻЭ֮һһЦ̸е߹ݣҲһƵĹ⻪Ŷϴ׹գ붭ƷһУ֮⣡
ʱס˶ϣ
ʮƽʿظ
ߣȥӣ
ͻȻϻ˵
΢΢һôʱֻظȫ
صѹĸͣϷŮӤˣ۾ûϹԴҲûͿҹʤȻЭƱץȥоʤҲ·һֻðյߣ
Ǵ½ʥˣһ￱Ҿ֣
ֵǶǰͶǰ󽫣óΧսۣÿһҵģȻض붭ϵľ壬ôأʮɽ֮ݺ꣬СŰսûаܼľأû˱Ҹǿ
۾һصָʮƽʿıȦ͵ֱߵȥ
أϳ嵽ǰǳϵǡнóһ·
ǹһĨЦǧˣնĻûһ㳤޵ϣϳʮɫʬԴȻϷߡ
ѷ𣬵ܲľȻ֣ԿΪһնȥǰɫʬԴ
ʱ׷˹һֻǵٴεͷ¡
ǵЦݸ䣬Ϸʮ岽
հ죬ֻϵİʱǡһӰٶ˵ĽʬﾭʬԶȽϸߴ󣬶ֲ˽ʬԴ΢һ٣һ֮䣬ѾϷȥʮ岽ǡö˶ϵ׷
漣ˣ
ǺӢһˣĪ
뵽ǧǰҶ̾ϴȵóѰҵзΪãҪӣþȫأȫأ
⼸仰Ĺ򣬽ѾܵĻ±Ե
նģƴͿ
ͻȻһɳƷƵֻаԴĽʬػǽҰɣָʥЩ࣡
˵ţʬ󲽣һʮɣسɴ磬󲽾׷˽
΢΢üԸĸҿûа취޵ϣˣ
áĽʬƴ
ȻܲԸϱϣһûУ
һж˵޵ϣϺߣ
˹սһ˵ã

һսҹ賿ʱ֣ڶ໹ռϷ磬սݱ䣬ȹһĻˣ
һλĻȺ۸ոǰĽʬȻǰӣ㵵ʧУ游
Ҳ룬һŤ˵Ĳӣ
ȺۺȻ֣ЩУвپȻǸڣ
˰
ֻҪһģҶԼĸף游ڳ𣡣
ĻȺۿ϶ңЩֺ飬ӻӣһб
أԶĻڵռϷ磡
Ҿ֮иΪһĻǣĶײУظƽ̨սͷΨһ׵СȦȴǿյġ
񵭵վȦУĬĬһУ糬ȻİٺϻڵѪȻš
ƺҹȻṥԼˣԺأΧһеļ
ţôģ
Ǯ෢鱦أЪһ
ŵһЦľţ
ˣҴ棡Ǯ಻ŵ̫һۿݣΪ۾ûﰲǿûǿѾͷȻ
ǿ벻ǿ𣿡
ЦЦĻ֮⣬һ·ߣȻ·Ҳ纣˷óһͨ·
鷳ת𣬰ȥﰲСˣǡ
ԶõߣŰŵıӰüϣʥΪβﰲ
˲ﰲŰŵıӰﰲݺᣬȴžһˣ
¶Ҳƾȥ
ȥô
ζЦţľŮˣ˵³һѾΪֻɳݵĴ˵ԶʱѾ֮Ϊ޵еĴ˵ˣȻϷ룬ȥɣαǿУ
Ϸ鲻Ŷϡ
ǰľֵزνʥ˻ع飬ν˹֮սֻһϷ
̾˿Ȼ𣬾˵Ļ£ҿһԶﰲŮˣ΢ȴڲﰲĹʣ
ﰲȴڲﰲĹʣ
һеģ
ڽϿﰲֻһʵսĸ߷壬ţȴǿһȱ裬һѣʺ̸ĵѡ
ϧʱĽϾţ

ƴ
ǽϵΨһĿģ׷ĽʬѾ쵽ˣߣ
̲߱
˵һ
ü̲߱ȥһƬǳˮɳ̲ʺϲ
˵̲߱Ǹĺõط˵
ƺʲôһЦȥɣֻҪ꣬Ҳҿ̲߱ǾͰȫˣ
ûӵ̲߱ǾͰȫˡ
ͻȻ붭˵ˣƽϣ٩ܿϧûлȥˣ
Ҳ˽ϱϷʣܹĸϼ֣һָӾһжסˣôԸأ


166 أֻĻֻĻ
ͷһ޳ܣԵѡ
ಣ
طһʧӰ٣
أȾܣ󺰵ҪΪұظҪȫץҰɣ
úСӣ
鱩ŭС֧еһ˭ȥץأ˭Ը
ȥظңԸСӣ
أ֧һˣ
µҲǺöԸģأأһƿ֮鶸Ȼ˽ϱ󣬡СһԸ㣬һ͹ˣ
ô
ϿҲǧ׹һɭ׵Ĺâβ˱ĵˡ
Ըһ飬Сһÿɰ
ͻȻſ˴죬һھ̵Ϯâ
ǡϼô
־ʱ䶼ûˣӰһеٶȿŵ˼£Ȱ̲߱ķ
ٶȱȽϻҪ֣ͻϮһץ˺˽ϱϵһƤ⣡

ʹķҰƵҧأƴǰ
һ׷һӣ˲˶ʮľ룬ϾѾˣͨһ˴Ӱߵɳ̲֮ϡ
һƬӲӵӰڵƽߣ̲߱ǰ漸ﴦ̶̵ļƺҲ޷Խˡ
ȫ׷ɱӳôԶΪˡ
ߣµĽϣһֻƣСһ䣬ɱ㣬ҾͰҪʹӡ
ϧûˣ
һƵһֻڱץסĲӡ
ķ
ϳ˵ӣȻѾߴҫ׼ķ
ķץе飬ͷҲص˵վô
ҧվͷѪȾ۾ӣЦƨά˹ũ飬ʲôʱſ¹
ķЦվȥ̲߱
仰ѹֻнܹɸ㣬ȫ
ϵͷ£㲻ô
ķչۣݺڵϣĻµķ˵֪𣬻ЩСѣȥźأ
ء
긡ڵƽϣ
ԭڽӳĻµʱ䣬սĺҲתˣϵһֽʧ٣̴޵ϴˣȫ׷
ҲӦ󺰣㲻ܣ޵Ϻϣ֣׷޵ϣ׷޵ϣ
Լͬأ궼׷
˹Ϯ˿ڿˮ࣬ǧ꣬ķĶ𣿡
ķıһ磬ɫӭչһӭɽľ
ûСڼֳ֣ƾ³ʥ£ǧҺΣ
ڼ
ϲؿķת
һƳ۵ĹһֻʬĽʬ
ʬ׷ˣǶϺжأ
ʶ¿ȥֻ׷Ҳڻಫɱǽʬ߲Զ
۶˰أؿڱ̴һѪͷѪȾ죬жϢĵ˵ϣ
ʮǿ֮һĦ嵱Ҷжˣս
ġϼ֣жܰӵڣף
ķҲжʬ壬׷ѣûУߣ
û˺ѷεĺޣҲûдľıϴȥֻһ赭дĻ
ǽʬһҽָĸ𡣡

֪˶ãڿһƬӲӣʮӰĽɫɳ̲̲߱
˵Ȼƿûжٿɹĵطƺܺ׷Ĺ￪ʱͣˣΧֻˮ
ڽˡ
˫һ˺ˮ
Ҳһ̣һޱȲпʵȻ
жˣ
ǸŹȣһЦݵ̫̫սˣ
һѪȴʵ뷨
ж۰أݼչ˽ϣ⡣
ĴҴ壬ڹϣҲ޿ɺǡ
ǼϽϽλȦӵԿףｭϷЩôжˣԼ𣡣
Σ϶ж˵
һλ׷ԲԵĸΪ˱ԼȫʬֻҪеԣϵ۾̲סЩĶ
ǰɣ
˴ӱֽĽϵĺ󱳡
ͬһʱ䣬һ翵ӰҲӽϺ󱳷˳ļ
жţ϶ϣᣬ޵ϣˣվ
ɸ棡
ɫ΢䣬Ȼķ˵ɸҾԿţǣɸҲǹ̲꣬߱ꡭ
ƺ˽ϵ뷨ɸЦЦģֻҪ꣬Ҳ̲ܽ߱
ôģ
ɸָָϵĺ󱳣ﱴ˹֮һֱĻƽ棬Ҳܽ
ЦϵľɫܾȣҾȻ֪ƽ
Ȼȣع֮ϣû˵ƽʣû֪
ɸȻ˼䣬ҵȷû֪ƽ䡭
صЦЦƺڵŽ׷ʡ
ǽϻж֮ıʹУˣô֪ģҶˡ˵ɣʲô
ɸ룬Ȼ˵Ȼشһ⡪Ļһսǰ;ô
ǰ;
ϿЦЩôûĻһսȫ½֪㲻ԿˣӴԺ֮Ѿûҵ֮أ̾˿ֲǣҰػع飬߸תֻ򣬴ŭڿʼ궼ɱҶ죡ҵǰ;Ҹûǰ;ˣ
϶ᱻ׷ɱ·ţҾˣ䣬Ҳᱻ𣬻ʮ˲ֻأ
ɸͻȻָŽϴ
ϵͷûзҲ޷ɸ˵ĶǴʵûл·ˣ
ɸͻȻЦҿԸָһ·Ȼܼѣߵյ㣬һߵյ㣬͵ҵһĻ·
͵̧ͷʲô취
ɸɫҵһЩˣȻǸռ䣬ѣ˼䣡
һͷˮü棬˵ʲô
ҪҿԸͣȸ㿴һ
˵ţɸͻȻѵԼ£
˵㱳֣ŵĸæ۾С˵ģһɳ̲˽ȥ
ǽûûȥˣ𾪵ضɸĺ󱳣Ѿɬڣѣ
ɭɭͷһӡǡ
ͬոķһɸ󱳵Ҳһѣ
ûҲӵй
ɸɫҲУͭӵֹʮ޵ϣҵġһЩˡӵйˣЩ˵䱻֮Ϊعף
˶٣أֻǻعϵĵʮҲӵк
ϻǲ̫ɸ˼ȴһ£
ػع飬䶯½ô
ǣءֻǡֻعϵĵʮ
ظ䶯ﻹʮ
һع顯֣ʮػҪ䶯ĴڣҲҪع˼ô
ϲ¶ˣ
ʱ˿̣Ļ£һ˵ĺϣһֻ
ǣأ
һޱϤӰѪϤѪɫͫɨɷظһЦԭ֮½֮ʥ֮棬ңҲˣ


167 ع飡ع飡ع飡
ˣ
棬ѪͫȻǽϵˣ
ع俪ʼ˺÷մﱻʮּϷѪس֮û˻ȥѾʧȥֵС
ǡȴŹˣ
ΪڽϾ˵ʱĳ׿˵ˣǡعסϵĵʮ
ػҪһλ
ǣ淢չ˹ȥ׷֮ʱϴֻصѾ˷ظߡ
ǻعϵĵʮ԰Ѻ䣬
Ը
ֻ˹Ӻ͹ӡ
ɾʱվ
㣬Ҳˣ
˰ӣϺȻɫ䣬Ͼ侲ߣرӤʧȥȫҲòȥ
ֻҲһЦûתˣֻǸ޳ɵķƾڵǹԹԸǻȥɣ
֪Ϊʲô𣿡˺ȻϷʵʵǻع׵ĵʮȴǵʮ
Ϊǰظǿ

ͻȻһѹȴǵأұߣΪתֻܸ֮һǰ
˵ţӣ֣죬ָſ
ָ£
ۣ
ϼ֣ϣɢ
ǡˡȴʧ̾˿ȻԼ̶ָȣ
һɱϣǡˡ۷״̬
Ѿ㹻ˣֻˣңֻµСΪʥˣҪǼƽϺ𣿡
˵ǣ˵ص䡣
˿ĭŵ޵ϰ
ת
ֻ˿
ͻȻعͷǹ˹ָ飬飬죬ֻҲɢ
ǣȻ֪˭Ӧ֪Ұ£Ӳڵġ
ʮػع֮󣬵ʮĳ˵ĽҲط˼䣡
Ҫǡ
ߺ󣬻ָظͻȻһ΢̾Ϣ
ᣬ÷մҲѪ
šˡıӰ䳰ͻɣƫƫô㲻֪ôЩϹŶļɻ䣬ȻعˣӦʵʵزָ
˵ţ÷մһ뿪ظһ·ҡͷ̾Ϣ
أתֻ֮ҾȻĶٴŮǻ

أˣ÷մ
Ѿ˻ˣϴһͬ㣬뽭йصĹͬ㣡
һ㣬ǿǻع֮·࣡
ϧϻɸǰȣʱ޷ʶˡ
棬鷳ѻ˵ôĲףعףʮζʲô
εɸ硣
ɸԴգգۣܿɰϹŶ
𼱣Ҫ׹ͻعףһʷΡ
ϹŶ˵½չ죬ܹʷԪǺʹõ˵̫ˣûܼǵʱ飬ֻԼ˵ʷĵһͼڣ͵ڴ
䣬ͬڴҲû˵
ڵ֮ȷڵ壬ҲǰתֻأάȻƽ⡣
Ϊˣνһɡ֮󣬱Ĩȥ䣬䵽ֻ̨תֻأ
˵ɸЦһ˲֪ãǿ֮£û˸ΥûΥ
ǾǺڣ
ĳˣ䣡
ֻ˵һְͨ꣬תȥһͷɲ룬˲İţֻ˵ҽǿƥƾʲôһͷ
أ˵˼䷢˴ģȥΪ˱֤˼ƽ⣡
Ϊһƽ⣬ȥ
ĳ˵ˣȻˣҾɱ㣬Լһƽˡ
ϺȻ˾Ȼô
ɸʱ˶Ϊʵϣ˺ս˶ʮ߸ʱıչԪָǲֻ̨˼صһɵ
ңԶǺʱȻǿֵز
ĳɸĽֹͣ˵֮ǿ´ԶӢҲ޷ƥУȫټһЩʵİֶΣŰץʮ˲Ѫ棡
졣
ûڣɸѾ˵ʣΪʲôûɱô
ϵͷ
ɸҸ㣬ɱĶ췢ˣ̫ǿˣϵ£˼䣬ûһѪأ뵽Ψһ취ˡ
˵ţɸЦǵ͹ˣ˱Ѫ߰꣬߰ϵһЩͬǿ꣬ıĳһ죬ѪҪɱ˼䣡
񣬼ʣȻأƾ뿪ɣ
Ȼᣬһβȫ˼ȣŰˣһͬԽץ˻
ƲһЦץɱˣ
ûɱֻܸһ档ȻʼЩԽꡭ
޵ϣţؼĵطˣ
ɸıǳ࣬ʼЩԽֱ꣬ʱŷ֣׷Խ꣬ȫӵ㲻ʣɱǣ
ΪˣѾĸĲϣ˵Щ׷Խ꣬ɱûа취ģ
ԣһ취Ըǡ
ӡ
Լı֮ĨȥЩ˵ļ䣬ǼӳӡȻԶֻأԶ۵С
ǲЩ˶ӵ㲻пٴμѣٴδĵһɣΪ˷ǣЩ˵ֻ̨ϣ
ݿֻ̨ϵǻعף
ɸ˵Ѿ˻ع׵塣
Щ֣ʵ棬ĹЩģʲôˣЩ׷Խֱ꣬˵ֲô⣡
Ҳ˵ǵ֣
ϹŶɸյԴ˼˵ǣҲ֪˽ʲôһع߻ܣҲһǧ֪꣬ǵʮǵʮɸ磬ǵʮҵļ仹ӡţ벻ǰӵ飡
ź˵ڻعף֪֣
ǵģ
ϹŶͻȻһתҿԸ㣬ǸսЩ߸ˣӵлƽһҪƺͰ˳Ϊƽɣ
Ŀɿڴ
ɸȴЦһԸ㣬عϵˣƽԼӡֻضٴΣʲô϶ֺֹͭ
ƺһжˣ
ʱ˳˵Դ
һ߻ƽˣֻذţһ־ͬϵĴ֡Щ֣ԺֹͭΪǡ
ʧܺ󣬻ƽǱӡֻأ
ЩӡĴ֣ڽϵİ£ʼˣ
ţĺˣ
ǡ
ؼǣϱϵĻƽģ
ѵǰֻ̨ǿ񻰵ĳˣ


168 Ӯ
ʳеʣ棬ѵҵǰǡǸˣ
϶ǣ
ɸŽϣҿԺȷظ㣬˵ڶηȻʧˣˣܹصס֪ǰӳˡûбҪתֻأ
ʵϣЩһֱڶ׷һ˵Ϣɱҵļҵһ֪ٴŮŮӣ
Ůӣ
ʻ̫ʾˣ
ԭǸˣħ֮ӵĸף
Ҳ˵
пǽⱲӵĸף
ǲǻɣпħ֣֮˾Ϳĸף
ƺ˽ϵ뷨ɸЦʵ
Ĭãϵ˵ͷ
ǵģȷпħ֮ӣɸҡҡͷֻпܣ˵ʵϴɸ֮һĻƽͻħ֮ӣָ˼Ļһҷеȥ㣡ǽ֮ū飬׾ͱˣ֮ǰ
޵ϣ̫ˣİɯĸн̵طĵ۹̫ˣ
ϹҲ鲻ǰ飿
ɸصصͷٸһʵӵйƽ԰ػع飬䲢ܣͶˣ㵽죬ǵػع飬Ȼٰһ򾡣
ǡ
Ҳ鲻Ϊʲôӵлƽ
Ĵͷ
ɸҲĴͷ޵ϣ֮һ仰ɣħ֮ӣҲԸħ֮ӣ
֮⣬Ҫħ֮ӣоݿɲ飬ûʲô˵ģ
㲻ħ֮ӡ
ľ̫ˣ
ΪѾһεԴˣ

ˣȲǲħ֮ӣ޵ϣڣҪʲô𣿡
ɸ紭˼ڴ֮ʵ
Ҳعʵ⣬ͷףƱɱңҪֿͱҵعϵЩˣȻ󣬲תʲôҶҪǿ䣬һһͬԿ
Ҫ飡
ɸصͷ⣬ȻҲǻعϵ꣬ŶԿ飬ЩҼЧõ˲ΣҾ㶥ţ٣٣Ŭ
ϸмؾϹ
Ҳʶһ亹飡
ɸ潭Ͽţ˼أϽأǵȻЭᣬŭ׷ȫ񾭣ܷŹ
ҪǣΪظˣ
ⲻ˴Ѱܵýϳ˴½а
棬ܰң˼䡭
ɸЦ˼ҹܲˣҲҪȥ֣ţб´׵
ϿЦ̧ˣȫ½֪ػعԿף´ȫ඼׷ң㲻ķҾˣҲסȫ½Ĺ
ȷǸ⡭
ɸȻץס˽ϵ죬жһ仰˵ĺܶԣ˿ûҰģûģ޵ϣóģһ·½ۣ֮ӵ˹СǾǴ½У˭Σ
ϵɫ粻ƺ˼ʲô
ұ˰æǿϢ
͵̧ͷȻ棬Ҽס仰ˣֻҪǿ˹ĵزȫ½ΪУΣ
ӣ
ɸЦˣ˵ĻѾ˵ˣȥɣĻһսʧȥһУȴõ۰ƾЩɽɣ

Ȼ㲻ضˣܵõʲô
Ϊ㲻ˣɸȻһЦֱʱϲʶżЦżգۼԴϹŶʷǿĴ½֮һ
޵ϣҼסλУ㲻ȻҪҪǣ˲ţ
ɸ̲߱棬̾Ϣ˵ĺˣʧȥһУȴõȺõ˲ţĻһ˭ӮңĲ˵أ
˲ţԽԻɸ硣
һͷԣģǧΰҵ۰µĻ֧ߣңɸأ
ɸŴԽԽȤڶѪȣɱأΪ¾һвѪɱ֣ȻڻᲢۣȴ˫Įɱ͸Ƕڶ˾ɱеļƷ
ɱ֣
ϿԼﶼɱֵӰ
ѽѽˣҵأ
ԶԶһȫǽھ飬Ѫ۵Ŀˡ
Ϳɸ磬Ҳ֪ɸͽϵĹϵԲûиеȣӵϺЦеغɸ˸к
Ͽۼµߣ㲻һֱ̲߱ô֪ҹôڲӦУǡ
˼ҾǱ˵أ
ָ˵ղأķװѾȥ֧ԮĻ£Ǻոķ˵ȰڣҪ֧࣬Ҳõȵҵ˵ߣҿѽǲ䣬ҽڲȥأ
ոķȥװȻҲͲȥѽִ
˱ոķ֫ԽӣƯ˼ǰ˼Ҿ͸˼䣬оã͸
߸еˣι˼Ҷ˵Ŀڿˣ㵽˵仰ѽ
˵۽ϣǼˣ
ʶصͷ
˹Ц˵б°޸ͷһָ۷״̬ɱˣ
ɨƣϲĹͷǿ
˵ʱɸһµ˵Ҳҵϲɱˣ
ɭȻûɱˣʿ²ƽǸĸҶɱɱ˼ʮ򣡡
ɸЦˣôǰɣǰ˳˴½У˶ɱ֮죬׷еɱ˵ĻᣬɱĶǴ
Ŷأ
˵Ĺͷˣǲ֪ʲôһֻ֣ʶһ£ҽп˹һ˽ձոķ˹ͷԺˡ
˾ɱеļƷ
ûмʶ˹ɸɱķĳ棬Ҳ֪ոķϹͷͬʱոķ˶˺ǽϽŽɵһֻ֣ǿԳôôǸǵүǶ
Ȼɸüëһ棬˲ǣ

ɸָָϵ
˳һһë׼СԲƺһֻ
ۣ
⵰ųһССƨ˳㣬񼶳ѪǵǸֲƨ
ɸЦСһһϲ𣿡
Цˡ
һԵĿ˹ȴ촽ĵشɸ磬ҵϰ徹ȻƺΪ棬ǡ
㲻֪ٴүү
ɸҲ촽ٺһЦ
˶ЦЦģߵɸ磬ˣ˹гƨĻ´ɱķķ
ʧȥһУõ࣬Ļһս˭Ӯң˵˵


169 ɯ1
ϻкܶҪʣ磬Ϊʲôÿ̲߱ķɸʶġɸȴ˰ָ֣Ļµķ˵Ļ˵ˣʣµģҲҪ߰ɣķһˣɱˣ
δ䣬Զĺɱ
겻ҿĻ£ȴԣ
ͳĵһ󺰵һ꣬ƽʿҳ壬޵㲻Կףܷߣܷߣ
һŻӹ鶡ڹڸ±죬޵ϣأȻ׷·ţ
޵ϣҲǰౣأ
ɸͺһһɫȥ
½˿۾Ȼҵ˻վôɱô
ŶŶŶ
һվľȻǹѵĿ˹֪ʲô֧ģϮ˷ܵ촽ƣ׷ɱϰ壬ʹ죬ʹ죡ߣЩСһ͸Ұɣ
㣿ü֫ŤĿ˹
ȴһסϣˣ˼ҼʵܰӼأ
ʱѾ׷̲߱Χ
˹˫ָ֣ųǰʿָ£žžѪʿüĶȻѪ
һ
˹Ѿӹ˫ֳצƿǵǣȻǰһһѪը

峿ʱ֣϶ɹӣ˶һεЪϢ
ѽѽǰȫأ
ڻһСӲױеʽϣˣҪȥѽ
£ûʲôһط˶㲻ûȤϿһŴʵ
Ӧûֵط룬ֵأЩ೤Ӧö㲻û̫ȤǾ塭
ȥأ
û˵꣬ոķͻȻ߽֣һ˫εɫ˸ȤĹâ
æһô棬ոķ棬˸Ƕڽϵﲻ
ֻʣһˣͷҲص˵ݲңȻҪȥڷˣ
⵭ıúոķ΢΢һ㲻ң
ʲô
ոķЦѾ֪ػعĹؼ㲻Կףץ㣬㲻𣿡
£µҪƲƲ죬˶пΪңΨ㲻ᣡոķҵ֣ҵĽ׽֮ǰҵôɴأ˺ô
ոķ΢΢һЦһСϻش
һö£һɫױţһӡͼĽơ
ָϻոķ˵ҳϻ֤ҽԺոķ֤֮ȻЭαȣĻȺѹֻҪʾƣҵҳԱΪϣ޶ȵİ
Цˣ־ƣأ
Һոķ̻ġߺںϵõҵĺ֧Ԯ
˵ţոķɫ죬һ仰ҪΪҵƣͿں޼ɵˣꪡǣжԶܶԶҪͼںսꪡҪΥꪡκԸô
ꪣԯ׶ıǣͻȻ˵۹ѧԺéϵˮơ
ûԯ׶ոķɫأסԯ׶Ǻˣûκ˵ں
ָʵҲںԯ׶
ոķľȻҲ˵һ飬ûˣںԯ׶
ϵļϺȻһ⡣
˵ɫľڣⶫʲô
·ױ¸͵ǰߣʥּ
ոķܻԯ׶֣ѹֵ˵Ҫȥݱܣɣ۶һصҽʦԳֻҪ֮ᡯ֥ǵߣԱȥһ˾壬ѡ֮ᡯûǱѡѡ֮һ
Ϸʵʥּʱ򣬱֪Ҿ㲻Կô
֪
ְʥּ˻ȥƲǾ˰ɣȥѵģûȤȥȡʲô֮ᡣ
ֻǴʥּȥ벻ȥ㣡
ոķЦЦתȥ˵Ķ˵ˣڴ½ġɭ֣ش뺣ҵ̻սȥһ·˳磡
ϻ˻֣лˣ⻹ܲܰæ
ոķûͣ½Ųʲô£
ķǰߣҵļҲ֥ǣǣ֮ڣһڡɭվȽŸǾһϣ
ģ֮ڣҵս϶͵ɭ֣
˵仰ʱ򣬺ոķѾɭ档
ϲһڽһѹ˵Ҷ޵ѾǴ½ˣߣ
ˣϲ̫үŭ˵Ҳ޵ǲǴ½УҾ֪СӰѼҶһˣдڼ壬ҲܶԲ
̫ү˵Ĳǲ˺޵ϣ㹻֧֣
ոķߣ˵Ưȴʹ
˵ʵղ涯ץϣ㲻ͷķһбͼԳ޵ֵܵӣոķûҰͷʵ
滹ɸһӢڣҪɸ绯ȥЭͨһ㣬ȫƿ֮ǰ϶Ժոķ˵̫Ҫˡ
ץȴץոķֻ̾˿Ȼ󡭡
ۣ
һѪ˵ϣ
Ҷڽæ
û£ոķǿվ˼˵˹ҵ࣬Ϣ¾ܸԭˡ
ǾҶȥϢϲ˵Һò׳һܶµļҶǧ
ոķȴҡҡͷϢ˵һߣĻ˹սѾؼʱңұۿһⳡսճ
˵ţպȻƮѩ
ոķɫһ䣬·ѩˣȻˣߣĻһսѾβˣߣȫˣ
Ҷ˭ˣ
ոķƳأﲻᣬ૵˵ռţռŵһǿ
ռŵһǿߣĿԪ˧𣿡ϲοĿ׷ɱûʱģ
ոķҡͷϢ˺þòűųһʯ쾪ĻΪĿռŵĵһǿߣˣռĵһǿߣΪɯ
ɯ
Ϥϵڽһ㶣вظ˽ϵĸṆ̀˫Ȳмֻ֪⿻ƽɵŮˡ
ŶռŵһǿߣӦúͽϵĸɣ
춼룬ֻ̫үϲӷӦٶۣɯ޵ϵĸôռŵһǿߣ
޵ϵĸ
ոķ΢΢һӦˣ˵İɯǴӲ˼µռ̫ϷүɯҡͷЦǲ֪Ϸү䣬ϾѾ겻ˣռŻңܽг֡ȣȲЩˣϷүͻȻ֣ǿԵֿģߣ֥ǣ
˵ʱ򣬴
һͨʻսûзӦڼսĿԪ˧ȴǺȻһϲϷүȻˣռսӭϷү
һȶ˵Ӱ߳
ͬϷүʵĲϣռŵİɯֻʮò޶ˣ˳Ů˵ķˡ


170 ɯ2
һϷүţ뺣û㲨
Ϸү˭ռŵĻ̫󣬾˵һγʮǰѾ챻൭ͨϸô
ţûͣ¿꣬׷ϵĲֻм˽뿴Ϸүòһ˾Ȼӵòգ΢΢̾һ
ȴһɹգ
ι㻹ô
һ꿴ͬӲ˲ΪˣĵʵڳŲס˺ｻˣ
ûˣͬҡҡͷ˵СЩɯˣ
˵ǸŮˣؿۣǸˡ
ˣͬŵضϷүɯռŹٷأŮһʮˣ
һʮꣿܣෲܻһģˡǰҳҿûаɯ֡˵ţ꺧Ȼһѵɯࣿ
ֻ˽֮ʱɯѾĿ˵Ĺ³սģĿɨ꣬˵ռŵﶷŹõռŵô˫˭һɣ
Ȼƽȴڳÿһ˶У
˹ԭռŻ̫棬̫ȻЭᡭ
ȻЭ£ûбҪȥȡռ˵ĸ飬˵ôϷү˦ֶһⰵɫż㣬Ҷ겻£벻ռŵ۹Ȼ䵽ȻЭĵزȻˣҾͲò˵仰ˣⶫ͸ȻӡǣԺȻЭռߣȸк
תĹأ˭ˣ
ʱĸϼУϱˡɱ鱻ķ׷δ飬йĿⶼֻĽʬ
ʬƺ֪ϷүɯĲ߹ԶһˮˮͻȻ֡
ǵģǺһˮˮ˼䣬ռŵ
Ϸүɯ˽ʬͬһż㣬ⶫ͸ص飬ҲܣҪռ££Ҳ֡ϼСɫҪҲڼģ
ʬ㬵غãҾһӣֵǣԹλɢ˰ɣ
գۼ䣬ʧһɶ
ɫһֻ󡣬֪ռһ겻µϷүҲ²⵽ˣϷүǸصĸ֣û뵽ɯһ仰Ȼǧ꣡
ҡϼڼռŰɯ˵ײͬͼ׵ʵֱ׼֤ڵĲѾԽȻЭᣬͨ࣬ԭ֮½
Ϸү
˵仰̸һ̸ռŰɯĵϸɯѾŤͷȥѵƵضĿԪ˧Сұչǰѵ۹и㣬㸨ҵģ
ڶǿߣ֮һǿߣĿԪ˧ǸūͣͷСܣ
ˣⲻūţǻصߣҸϳɣ
ðͳ˧½֮ףĿԪ˧ԭֻռϷүĳ򣡣
ȺۺȻ֮ʱĿԪ˧˳سޣ˰ɯ󣬶Цķǳģ
ϷүĿݣȻǲռŵ״Ҫƿؾˣ
Ѿˣǻô
ռŰɯ࣬𿴵겻ҵﰬɯӣֲ֪ȥʥʿתߣ鶡ȴŭռŰɯȳԼϣ뿪¶汾£
鶡ˣǣǸֱˬСӡ
ɯ΢΢һЦҶ֣㻹ЩҪ򣬰˽гɣ
鶡ŭڣﻹǻƻŮˣ
ŶɯЦе鶡Ȥûˣ˵ʥŷ˹ǰ
ʥŷ˹
Ҳάĸף˽ӣһǰƽũ
һ֣鶡תߣ˶άŷ˹ƫƫʥŷ˹٣ǹȻЩŵˣټ
鶡Ⱥ뿪ռŰɯǰֻʣһΡɽӰ
Ϸүķղһ֮ס˹ĳ棬֮Ŀһܵ
ռŰɯĬĬشһķЦ֮װ֮˼ֳһڼǿߣķ㲻뿪һսǣҷ㣡
ûȤֻǺܺ棬뿴㡣
ķתȥ񿴹ˣҲˡ
Сʲô·
ķıӰռŰɯʵ
ԭūĿԪ˧͵ϣ˳ҲķĹȥһ˵ǰķչɸʱӵڵԭ
ռŰɯʧա
ãȻչһЦķߣҲһаɯŮˣǣȤȤ
ӦɺϰɣĿҲЦ˵ϷүĻɯ֣ڴ½Ϸǳձ飬ûһҲаǧ
ţӦɺϡ
ռŰɯûһɯĿҲν˵˻ع䡣
Ǿ˵޵ϰػع顯֮ʱռŰɯɫȻųԯ˵ʲôɯֶػعĻ֣
û˵޵ϣȴ˵ɯֶĿһӾе𣬸æǣػعˣһɯֶ
޵ϣǲһֻƽռŰɯʹӳضĿԪ˧У޵ƽߣǷ񻹸һͬ͹
ûڻعϵƽ֣Ŀȴȷһ͹Ǯ̫ۿ
ǾͲˣ
ռŰɯıͻȻЩ޵Ͽ϶ǵƽʹʹ꣬벻һūһ͵͵˻ƽʹֱ֮¾ˣ
СռŰɯԸ̸ϻص۶ʹҵ鷿һɫϻӣٶȻȥ˹۹һϣ
Ҫȥ˹۹ĿԪ˧Ϸүҹ˹ڿսɡ
ѣر䣬ұڻƽ֮ǰɱ޵ϺػʹٲãҲҪɱ˻عϵЩ꣬޵޷ǣռŰɯգƺڻǰ£૵ͭ޵ϾɫټĻƽ
û˵ĿԪ˧ȴѾ亹졣
Ϸү˼Ѿ¶ˣһ޵Ͼɫضѳĳֲֿ׵
Ը޵ϻṳ̂ϡɫսʿĵ·ɡ
һ̾ϢռŰɯǰ˹۹
ϧռϷүעʧˣΪʱѾǰɭֵ·ϣ̶֮һҹźոķ̻ŵսҲŽϵļ﷫𺽡


171 ׿֮
׿һ飬һǳرľ顣
ֻжʮ꣬ľ֮УֻǸ³ġӤ
׿ر֮ξ
Ŵ߰ʱ׿;εһ龰
֪УһʥƮĹʻ˱ǣ׿˷ܵʻбܣȻϢ
ţ׿ͻȻһֻͭɫĺ׳棡
ſһֻͷ棡
ͭɫ׳棬ɭɭãֵ׿ʹشеͭ棬Ϊʲôͭ棡
ڶĹսʿ֮һͭȻͭ棬ʲôȵģ
һöڶ
׿Ťͷۣŵÿֻ˵һֻͷϵĺѣſһֻѪɫ۾ض
㣬˭
ð죬׿׳ŵʵ
ĴˣǺ֮һ
׿ãȻΪʲôҴˣ
ѹ˵ͭҸǿȻҪƺΪ˰
ΰȻʲô
׿ѾŵĴɵˣ
ʱһһֻɫĹӼСһͷˣͣ
ͷ죡
׿Ҫͷ˭Ǻ˵ˣԸǰǿԱͣϻӭͷ˰ɣ
˵ţһֻɫĺ幬˳˹ǰ
ӭͷˣ
׿ŷ֣һȺм䡣
ͭɫĹжʮң͸һǿƥϢȴƽķ⣡
սʿǣ
ƽϣѯһΣǱ仯ΪսʿĿ꣬ô

ܺãôƻʼ
ƽͷԶƲ㣬ɲǼ䣬йա
׿ãȻ֪룬⣬⾿ǡ
ˣʲôߵĺѽƻѾʼˣǲܰʱϵĿĵأʹŹǵģ죬ߣʹɯѾලˣ
˵ţ׿
׿æһȣܸң⾿ôһ𣿡
ѵԼʹ
ѵķй켣΢΢һ٣ҪһЩѣôؼǵãӦýھ壬Զھڲתֻء
˵˺ܶ࣬ϧȵ׿û壬ǺѸЦߣͶ̥飬϶Ⱦѵģٺ٣ȴ˾Ѻ󣬻£ȻѹмǣƻʼҲתٴΣʹͬһ֡أ
أ
׿˵ʥ֮һأ
أʥй
׿ԼԴԽԽͿˡ
ʱ͵˦׿ˣѾĽصˣȥɣʹɯڶ㣡
׿;һתƺڼ׹ڻǰӣ׿ǡŤͷֻԶƲУһƥĽŮĬĬעԼ
ʹɯ
׿ؽгŮ˵֣Ȼʹɯ߻վˣһϼ⣬ȴֲصڱϣ׿Ծ
Ǿʹ׿ء
ûǾʥػߣʹڰг׿󺰣ˣһҪסֻƽҳϣֻܿؼ䣬ͭսʿ
ˣ
о죬׿ξ˹
ֻƽҳϣܱͭսʿ
ʮ׿ÿһͬΣÿһᱻ仰ѣ׿Ȼظʮ꣬Ź֣ξξ桭
׿ûаξ߸κˡ
ڣһײеѪ׿ڲϴȴĪź
ұȥҵƽұѣΪظǿģսʿ

׿ڲ૵ʱ򣬽Ҳ塣
ѾĻ˹ս֮ĵˣش£ոķս۷ϣŴ½غתһȦ㵽Ŀĵء
ȻҲ˵ǣ˹Ҳʱ׷˶飬Ȭ
˵ǣװ֮ҹϵż֡ɱˡܼңԼԱĿˣǽ;аѼһģһĺڿ۾һͷŨܶĺɫ̷ĸݣòţէһֱһĺѧߣ
޵ϸ£ǰǰɭˡ
һոķ̻Ľվϣָǰ˵½һֻߣʮҾܿһ䣬Ǿˣܾ黶ӭԾͲȥˡ
ϵͷлЦȥ֪ͨոķ֣ҵļ
ģٰ£ļ˾ͻϵ
ɫŵȻ壬﷫Զȥ
ź̲ͷһƬããɭ֣ϸ߾˫˵壬ˣ
ŶŶǾô
ʱһԵĿ˹Ҳɭſ˫ۣ紵ҳŮԻġ
ģýüëһЦ˷ܣ
Ȼ˷ˣǾ尡֪ҵô
ƵĿ˹쳣˷ܣ貽˵ߣϰ»£ŶҾɱöľǿ߹أ
ȻԳĦ
ϿЦҡҡͷȻʵߣʲô˼
ˣ˼˵
ļ̧ͷһ˵أ˵ǣǵ½ǿ֮һǵǿҪ棬һܹعͨȻ磬һܻƷͼʿ
ڶԶʤ࣬ĳЩжصļܣ磬ľͿٻֲսս־飬ǻͷʹأ
ڵ㣬Ǿ
ЦɸԱȣɸǿɣɸǿȴֻأǻûɸ츳ûɸҲɸڷܣǣùһɸĵزǾҲȲɸ磬Ǿһǧ꣬һǧ껹Уǧ׷ɸ˰ɣ֮һ仰ӵ㹻ʱ䣬Ƕǳǿ󣡡
΢΢һЦһ·оʷ˼ûа׷ѣ
أ̵ؼ˵˵ǿ󣬻һݣԪؾ飬飬ʹʵȼоʹʵѷͼɭУĸʹ
ĸͼһǿߡ
ϳĬ˰ΣȻͷЦǲжٸ֣ǱڰɭվȽŸô
Ȼ񣬡ֻվȽŸǲܶɽгһɱش½أ
ǻʲôΪɱش½ȥɣϸ߾ٽ̸ȣָǰķ


172 Ӱ
ɭһƬŴ½Ƿֲïܴ֣ϵ½һ·ߣɫڵʱԶԶؿ˵һ䡣
Ϳ˹Ǵ½ͨòޱļ͵̽·Ρ
ڼ֮󣬽Ҳ˾ò
ͬеķңĴཨڲ֮䣬״ݵģҲڶסģЩĴ䳤ϣס˼ʮ׸ߵ
ٿˣĸƤϸ壬ʣ˿ͬŮˣֱá裬޴½Ŀ˹ա
Ůˡ
һŮˮԶ߹죬ŮȻ鴫
ԭϰҲϲŮ˹ЦǷ´½
ȴ̹ضǰϲŮԽƯԽã
Ŷֱ׵ϰ壡
˹ŽϵȤ
ʲô̧ͦͷ˵֮˽֮˶ɫˣҲһŮˣʲô˵ʲôһоѧѵĻ˵ɧ͡
ʯ쾪뽭ƽȫĻÿ˹Щɣƺ񡭡ϰ̸Ů˵ĻʱЩ˾أ
㾪ȵĵطкܶ࣡
˹۾˵
ϺȻתһ޿޵ĹǷ΢Ц˵Ŀ˹£ţ˹ŵңǰǻô
ڰ˹ɴ˽ߡ
ôԼļ򣬡ʱ˸ϳ˹¶Ժ굽ʮ꣬Ѻ͵Կ˻ӣһ·Ӻڰÿڽƴ֣ΪʱоŶϵĵֻ͸Ҹºšϣ
ŶŶ˹ֽУ׷ʵʮ֮أ
ʮ꣬ҿ˼Ҽ̵ִʱһϹ˳˸ɶӣ̯ԺҾͱɵϴԸ죬Ϊʦĵ䷶ڵҽѧڡ
ԼĸɵϹж֣˹͵ʵ
ǳ֣
еĽ̸ȣҲ˻Уٸ˵ɵڽҡҶţʱʸɵ˵̸Ҷţļʧһǧ꣬ôѧģ
ɵ˵ʱҾһԿţ˼飬ѧ
˹ϵĺ﷢ãȻŽϣ˭ڰ磿
ظһΣҡͷˣ϶û֣ңһҲͿ˺ü죬˲ʷ֪
˹ϵʷȻϻﻰ𺳣δ˵Ǹɵصĵط𣿡
̫ˣ־һӣĻϣҸ˵ֻһ˲㣡仰ǽ̸ҵģ֪˵仰ַ֮ʲô𣿡
ʱҼ̸ͬ仰˵ϼһˣʲôвҲţһǰܲģ
ҽ̸ô˵
Ϲظ˵Сӣ仰Ǽǧľ̸֮꼸Ѷͬģ
˵ĸͬǰ׳գ
ٺ٣̸ЦûشֻǸ̾ǰЩͨУȷһΪԼţйЩ·ϣҪͱ˵ʩŻһΪ˾Լι֪廹˽ȥͬʦɱˣһùԼ˳ֻ֮Ҫ˵һ䣬ûа취ؽʥܻľԴ
˵Ȼ˹Щ̲סЦˣ˵ЩԶҲףֻҪ֪˽̸Щֱ죬һΪ̸ȻŻ磬ӿЩ⣬㹻ˣ
ϵĻڵϣЩʷʶ˶ǿ˹ȴǸصԭ֮½Ȼϵ˼ֻ촽ˣɵǸ㣬ҲǺ
ûϺصͷҪܻҲŮô
˵꣬ϹЦ
˹ҲϡͿظЦ
ʱǰȥ̽·ļ˻һϲɫˣƽƣȻ鴫أӵľӦ˼¾ȥĳϣ
վ֪Ǵ½ͨô
ȻЭͨѾˣ͸Ԥϵһ೤㲻ȫûȤҲȻЭ
ͺã
¶˼ĵЦݡ
#@&
Ѿ׷漪˹Žϣ̬ƽͣ۾ûκε⣬˵öľһ·϶񲹾ļˣ˵ӭĵ
Цǣһѵ࣬лΰľ壬һŵľ
Цˣ˵ؿأȥҹһ磬Ǿȥĺġ
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ڽڵʱ򣬿˹Ȼ˵һ侫
仰Ȼϲɫصͷڿ˹ϴһɫĻ
˹㶮þϾȵʵ
˹ĵһ˦ͷص˵ϰ壬϶ûоҵ
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룬ǳɱˣɱ¶ɱ֮⣬˹ļҲκ뾫йصѶϢ
ʱ򣬼ŮˮһŮˮ˽ϣɣǸղŽϺͿ˹̸۵ǸŮ
͵Ů׶ǴƯŮӵŮأˮǻӭ˼ŮȪˮǾд˵أ
ϵͷлʼˣղſ˹Ǿ侫𣿡
ҡͷֺö֣˼Ҿͻе֣˹Ļأ
ʼ磬Ҳû⣬պеǻʿ˹ھûбҪƽˡ
ǽû⵽
߽֮ľŮ׶ıӰð졣
Ȼ׶Ĵ۾ãȻ˾ȣɿ־壬˾ף޷ݵĿֲ

׶˵һ侫ܻɬԶļͿ˹Ȼʵȴ
һλ곤ľ鿿׶ߣɻ
׶˵˼仰Ȼ곤Ҳһޣȣ־壬ֲ
곤ľɫ糣ص˽ߣþ˵Ϊ˻ӭ޵ϵĵȫ延ɣҶ質ɣɣ
һƬϲУȤ˾赸ڼλϾ棬β̾е﷨
˹衯֮ϾŮװͼλŮĿ첽衣
ӭһֱҹ岻ȾƣҲ׺ӵȪˮؽһСЪϢ
ҹˡ
ಣ
һɫĳ̴ľݣ˽϶ߡ
컹ޱȵľ飬ڼ֮ڰΧ˽ϵľݣ곤ϾɫŭȵˣһֻǾ棬ϳȥУ򣬾彫׷ɱ㣡


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͵Ȼߵĳ˵һУ
б䣬ϸ߾飬ȫǵжҪ䣡
˵ţ߳ľݡ
Ȼں棬˲˹ķӦȽ֣ɫĳ˿۶ϼͷڻȻ̵˳
棬ٸֳֹΧ˽ϣ䶼ˣԶоҶ䴩ȻǴټԮ
ߣ֮У϶вʵѷڽϵĴ飬Խü˵ǣʲôСʱǰǻһ𳪸裬ǼСʱǾȻϮѣ
ͷϾŭ˵岻˺ѣ㲻ǵѣǸʮˣ
ľǣҷʲô
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Ͼ˵꣬Ѿɫɷףȫ⽩ӲŤͷɬ˵ˣˣ
ż˵ң˵ʲô
˵˿ڿˮ˵Ǳɱ˾ӣӵ̴ӣ
ô
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ʣ˵ɱ˾ӣ֤𣿡
ϾһЦҪ֤ʲô׶
ľŮ˹Ͼ˵׶ҵŮҲӵŮ׵׶Ͷˮ棬Ŀ׾
׶ȥ
׶ܺµĽϵӣŵĶϾ
Ҫ£ֻ㿴ҵӣָԼ˵ϸһľǸ֣
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׶˵ȻûпҿıӰʱãҲһͬˣ㣬ɱӵ֣
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ϺȻ̫ˣɵװС㣬ʮ˿ڣӰƵ̫ˣƾӰ㻹ָҾְɣ
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Ů׶û˵˹˹ϰ壬಻һųơһ۾ܿƬҶĲͬƾӰǵȷж֣
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ϰ壬øǽˣѾ϶֣˵ʲôŵģ
˹촽ĵЦɣǸȥУɱǣߣ
ߣıװ࣬˼û֮ˣ
̾˿߾˫ֵ߾ǣҿԲҲԸȥǱ뱣֤ǵİȫҸУ
֮ϾͷãȻǣ˾ѪԴȻģӦһϼ·ɣ
ϽӹļԼϡ
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˹ȴҡͷͻȻ˾İΧȦ
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ȥӶĳ˴˵Ѿǧ߰ˣۼ֤ǺʱӢʥˣĹ£ûôϸҹȥ
׶˴ûмӷŭŵöһԵ档
Ȼֻһ˵Ĳϸߣ
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˽ȥҲŶʱ׶ֵıӰ
ֵıӰȻͽһģһͷɫҲֺЦȻ㲻ϸߣǾͱˣ
˵ţֱųһŰɫĹâȻ̧նӵͷ­
Ѫȵĳ׶ɵˣ̲סһ
ֺҪתɱ׶ʱҲ˹ۿ˶ڣһЦСѾͷˣ
˵꣬ͻȻԭʧˣ
׶˿Ȼӵؿ
ˣ׹̣ܲأ
ϸоװ֮󣬰յҡͷ
ʱѾѺ¹ߵжʮػ
϶ɷ˽⣬üʣôҲ
ϸһװȫ̡
Цʱ򣬱ųһŰ׹⣬ͼնӵͼڣԿΪʵص㣬ټ׶֤ʡֱܸ㶨أ
Ҫ֤ףΨһİ취ǸϿոķ̻ˮ֣֤İ죬㻹ǧ֮ĺϡ
ȥЩˮˣ
Ȼ洫һöһɴŮ顣
˵Ǳ׼˹۹ٷ
վλС㣬ƾʲôȥЩˮ֣Ψһ֤׵֤
Ů鵭ؿ۽ϣǰҵں߷һ̴Աȫǵ֤Ӧþ˵ˮ֡
ЩΨһ֤Լ׵ˮ֣ȫˣ
ڽϾ֮ʱŮ߽ңһذ׺˽ϵĲϣסҵ֣ᰡ˹ǣɱҸ磬һ


174 ƽͭɻرܵ
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׿ôԣ
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ţ׿ǸΣлͭػҪһľ꣡


175 
׶֤ʣ׿Ǳֵı׹Σп˺ϼ׿״ɫȷ˺ƷͼĿǰĵȼ
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᰹ֻóһµȣƿȡʮϡŹֵĹߣ׿ôȻ˵һθӹŹֵҽѧʣҡͷ޵ϣ㾿˵ʲô
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¹һԲ˾Ű׵ˮԼǧ߼סʱ˿̣һڵµӴﻺŵľӪͬ¹ıϣȥһСѣһȺС飡
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Уһʹߵľ
ԼٸƲи֣ǿ׳ľ飬вǽΪֳֹݾ飬ģʮľŮ̧һ޴ɫڣһ쳣ᾫ顣
˵ľᾫ飬λʹߣڳϣ޵ϣҷ뿪
λʹ߻࿴˿ͻȻһﲻĵ˵Ŀ顣
޵ϣǸϺ󣬿ܣ
ܻŶͷûߣԭղŵĶԻþȼĵطףǾĶΪĳԭҪɱԼλʹԼߡ
ΪʱԲͨˣٸǿ׳ľѾΧ˽ϡ
ˣ߲أ
Ц
βʱʹõĽ̸Ȳڱ󣬽ʼ磬ЦȻ߲ôɣ
һ̣Цķǳţ


176 
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ǰؾȥ·Ȼ׷ɱȴ¶ŵ΢Ц
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ľͷأҳһԷˮ۵Ӵӡ
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ӵͻȻ䣬¹һսΪ죬ûɱ޵ϣ˾ľսʿ񼫣ʲô棬Ҿ㣡
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˵ţͻȻд˱ָۣ絶棬Լʺ
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᰹˵Ҹ׻ԯ׶֣˵ԯ׶ûȤҸ۵С֡
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᰹Ѿ˵ȥٹ죬ԯ׶ǰҸΪ˸ԯ׶׼һݷ񣬴ǰɽȡ׼ȥץֻ񼶵Уԯ׶ݾơ
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Ҹҧһڣӻ¹֮Ʒˣ
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˵ţᰵȻʱల£ǸҷӡӣվĹأԭӦִϣһ𣿡
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޵ϣ㿴ղŵľľ𣬾ڶ̶һǰľֻһͨĴ飬ʵߵļһºͬƷͼŽͼǰʮĸ֣ȴƴȫɱ
һ֮䣬ĸǿߣѦ˹֡
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ţʵȴܲţ
޵ϣ㱻ץ֮󣬶ɱ㣬ҼȽУٴγͻ
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᰹ҲʵĻض˳Уɱˣ϶Ƕӱˣ
½˿۾ؼǣӱˣ˭
᰹ҡҡͷʾҲ֪ȻһߵЦ
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Ťͷס˼
Ӧþ
ЦЩˮֵʬ廹᰹аɣˣǴ½õʬ٣ȥЩʬ壬˵ҳһЩ˵أ
˵᰹ˮֵʬ
᰹ָָǰ㲻ңҪȥôڿԸˣǵĿ꣬Щˮֵʬ壡


179 ֲ
ʮʬǰʮͨˮ֣ʮͼʿһıڣĸͼʦһǵذʮλĵذǿߡ
Щʬ壬üͷ
˿̣Ѿ᰹˺߸һɽȣǰʮˮֵʬʹӸƮ˰ϣǡñ᰹¼񵽣ھߵķףʬ屣ķǳã˵ȫһĻ
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ҡҡͷﰲɱЩˮ֣ˣѷﰲô
᰹ɻΪʲôһҪﰲһ
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Ťͷʼ磬Цɣ۾һҵĽʽ
ɲǼ䣬᰹ʧȥѪɫؿھŻ³
ۿһνϵĽʽ

ǰһĻѾ᰹ˣʱ򣬽һʬǰ棬ӾͰʬ忪ƶǣڳ࣬Цеش
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ͷƺûпԼָ֣ԼΧ֮ڣЦĳ½мˣ
ҡ
ƸоˣװĴһºȶߵˮֶˣȴɫ䣬˳ľģ
һξ֮վ̵װ塣
ÿһĪظоһѹƱƵǣпǸͨĺУ޸ԣƫƫΣոУȰɯͷҪǿ
ǿٱƸ㲻
ÿֲˣ


180 ﰲ
Ҫץأ
ƳûзӦɯкལά˶࣬˵ôѽ
⣬Աòѽ
ͷɵЦŴƣӡ
һɵӳЦŭЦ
һӣǴͷһˮŭȻ޴棡
Ϊ˵⻵ƻģܺóأ
һۿԼط
ͷˡ⡯ľ磡
ཹԣҪòѽ
ɯƺཱུܲİ취˵⻵ƻ󣬲㣬ԶŵͼڲĺԶԶأóԣԺ̸Ա԰
һԼʵĹ
ҰɯͷҪʵ
ƺȻü
ʱά˶˵˾乫գգɱ˲ͷأԸˣһ仰һӣο٩أ
ˡ
Ӻսٴ𺽡
ĳ˵䣬û֪ûᣬҲûгֹ
ֲ飬˲¹ǣ
أ
ս𺽲ãƺ뵽ʲôͻȻɫһ䡣
أôɯʵ
ؼȻ˺üȽϸӣ֫Ի޷˵塣
Ȼس嵽װ²Ĵٳʱһոķ̻ĺϣָһϣƺ˵쿴
ֲһֻۣҳֻдһ仰
֮ϣĪ䣬򽫱Ϊԯ׶֮Ȩ
ԯ׶
ɯʧУѽں϶ˣ᲻ԯ׶
ԯ׶֣ͷǻҵȻƬ̣Ȼɫ䣬ȻҰο˵ɣߺ֮ʮһСϽһˣԯ׶ܲɣ
أ
ؽŵҡͷϷµһҳдԯ׶ܸߺ֮ڣСɳʯǨС˦βԲԯ׶˫ۣ
˵ţ󺣶գͻȻī泯Ĺɫǿҵķ
ѽںʲô涼ԯ׶أ
ץེά˶֣ɯҵҡΣԯ׶ô죿
ིི֪֪ͷ˫ٴαãЪʧ֢
ά˶൹붨ɮӣ΢΢һ̾ߺ鴫գգ
˵䣬յĺĻԽԽͬһֻȻޣһڿڵ̳Բ죬Ĵȫǵ֣գۼͱĻ֣̫ĹԣҲĻǰϥʧͬĩ٣
δ
Ļһڵˮϸ֮
ɯŵضһμͷˮ૵ԯ׶ֻԵʴͼϼ
˵ţһˮ˰ɯͷƺ۾һŰɯüľ͵
ɯǳ˳飬ͷãά˶иţ
ɽɱ¾
¹һɲǣɫˮͻȻ׵ת򣬻ص˺֮УҲȥ
գۼ䣬
ԭһҶ۳˷ƺһҵ磬ĺơ
һϮ£棬ﰲվڴͷ絶档
ƽʨվﰲ󣬰һ񵭵أڴС¯ˮ裬ͬһľ
ﰲԯ׶
޵ϵļˣ
ﰲɨ۴ϵˣĿͣͷϣǿɫ˫һ˿ɫ
޵ϵļˡ
ɯ־壬ز˵ά˶ڵ㡭Ī½ﰲʩ
ƽʨԺͺ¿֪ʣ½ܱԯ׶ģҼﰲС㻹˭
ά˶ЦЦûнƽʨӵĴֱ̬ȡ
ʵϣҲһʣĻ´սﰲͼֱƵ˼ޣƷ⣬ҲһӡŶԭﰲ޿ɿ⣬ͼܰƳƽ֣Ҫƴ߰˸ͼ϶ɱﰲˣ
֪ﰲļޣǶľηͳҲ½͵㡣
ǿһղŵﰲԯ׶ͥ񣬱ֳɱĻ´սʱǿʮ࣡˵ά˶࣬˭ڵﰲﶼЩɻ
԰ɯҲһ䣬ﰲ
λˣҼС㣬ٰﰲ
İ̧ͷ΢΢һЦ
ɯ˵ﰲĻ±ͼƽӦûôǿѽ
ҼС㱻ʢۣʤţĻһսͼսƽ֣ʾ΢ЦȻĻһս˽ΪҼСֻͼı£㲻ÿֲǲɧҼС㡣
Ļһսﰲļޣ
ɯȻЦʵﰲʲôѽ
Цԯ׶ˣҼСҲҪȥո֣һССĺ񡣡
ոԯ׶Ͼ˵Ҫȥ񣬴˿϶Σɯӷ룬Цؽҹ⣬Ŷѽǿȥɣԯ׶ĳƵԶأ
Ϸ˵ǣŴҼСˡ
˵ţСﰲƮȻԶȥ
ˣѾͷȻǿֵز
ɯ̾˿ά˶Ҳر۾
Ǿעļװ棬ͷʹסûãûãǰһ̧ͷ
ལ֮װ˳ﰲǰȥ۹ѧԺǸŮˣҲѧֻ꣬ΪֵܹһǸŮˣǰˣڱϷ²ǸŮˣ
ˣ
֮װ꣬ȴŮǰ̧ͷ
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ﰲ
͵͵ﰲıӰװҧһټ㣬һ̧ͷ֮壡
С㣬װ͵
Ѿʻǧ׵Сϣŵͷ裬
ɡ
ﰲĮҸ˶װ꣬ʧˣӴԺҵҲûжװ֡
ˣĬĬطеĲߣڿȡһݾһĨȥ˶װ֣üС㣬ȥ˶װпܽȫһĵϣֻʣˣǲ̫Щ
и֣ھڶ࣬ʣµ㹻ȥڴˡ
ﰲ˵
̾˿ǰ֣޵ϣԯ׶
ԭﰲУϵǱǿԺԯ׶Ტ۵ġ

ɭ֣غŶ
޵ϸ£ļߺ·ô
᰹Ȼˣĸʹ߻ڣ˼ľУһЦֻҪߺ·赣ģܶӱ˭ں϶䣡
һҲЦں϶䣬ԯ׶Ҳ֪ʲôǿ
λʹĵӣ뵽ԯ׶Ĵţ΢ġ
ʬ壬üͷٴ
ʱÿǼ˵İΣԼأ
֪ҪɱԼǳ˶Էó֮⣬ȴʲôҲ鲻Ӧԣ
ֻˡ
ͻȻ᰹ĺԣѵҪ֣ѶӺ˱Ƴл𣿡
ҿṩᣬǳΣգ
ΣգҲȥô
ʼ磬˵ɣʲô᣿
᰹ȻԶĺߣһԯ׶


181 ĵһ
ԯ׶Ըӣϵĵһоǣ᰹ˣ
Ҫ֪ԯ׶½ûʲôӰغħһĴڣ˭֪Ҫغȥøãͱԯ׶㹻أ
Ϊֺԯ׶غ廹˺ܶ취Ҫľǡᡯ
˵ǣÿʮһʮգغĸ嶼ɳڡɳ̲ۻᣬԯ׶աҾϣʤߣ֮ΪʹߡлǰƵͽ׼
ȥһǧ꣬һǧΡʹߡ
Ҳ˵˾û˼ԯ׶ò
£ǿЦɣ
Ϲش᰹
ǹıأ¹ؾδ˹ῪЦ֮󣬶ӻμᣬأֻЯӣԸӣĽɳ̲õĻᣡ
Ǹûأǡ
Ҫ˵һλʹѾ˵˳£򲻿ɰĽɳ̲ǵȷаɱ˶ӣɱ˶֮أɱԯ׶ŭ彫ڰ
Ÿʹ
᰹ȳ֪˵ЩΣգǳ⣬㻹иõİ취ô
ʹŵŵ˵
ЦЦԼˣʲô᰹ڶʲô
޵ϣһ᣿
᰹һ˿ʧɫ̾ڶΣգ˵ǻ֮ءͬ󣬶ȥμᣬǿԳûǱ롮ϿȡҽҸ
һҸѣܾۺζӱվ˭Ƕʤɣǣ뵽θʣҲ뵽һӵ׷Ǿθĵһѹأ
½˿۾еһѹأеڶˣ
ǵģڶѹأȴӵ׷ӿ£
᰹һҸķӡ֮أǾء̩ʥıǣǾ޷ʥҸͱԽʥ
ЦǴԽһصôʲôѵģ
һ򿴹ƵĿŽϡ
᰹Ц޵ϣ㲻˽̩ʥ顭̩ʥ൱ҵɸۼԶ꣬˵ҪԽʥЩԶӢܷŹô
Ҫ̩ʥԶž۾˵ǣֻ·һ
˵᰹Ĭ˰Σһοǵʱ䡣
ðŵԯ׶ķգɱӣǹԽʥȥҸԼѡɣ

һԯ׶һԶž顭
᰹ע£˼һ󣬺Ȼժ½˿۾زãЦмֹ졣
£Ǻƣ
ͻȻЦ
ʲôˣ᰹õ
ѽЦʲôԯ׶Զž飬ֻһ仰ңйϵ𣿡
᰹һ㶡
˵׷ɱңҰƽңڰԼ
Цҷһ䣬ӵʵֻڰɭֻ֣Ҫ뿪ɭ֣ӻܰбҪǾô᰹Ҫѡһѡһ͵ھ˾ңͬѡ⣬ѡ񣬶ңҰսô
᰹΢΢һ䣬ιȥ
һɲǵı仯Ѿ㹻ˣ
˵ˣ᰾ƽϣ

̾˿˵ʵȻ᰹в߹ᰵӡǲģѾͷΪֱԴǼңǸֱˬŮˣ
һ˵䣬ÿٶĿġ
ᰣŮȻžı֣ѾȨıʴˣ
ڽ˼ʱ᰹ɫ˼Σ̹ȻһЦ㣬ҶԸӡȻ㿴ˣǻʲôҵЦ𣿡
ҿƣҲ㰡
ϵ۾˵Ӽϡ
㻹׼ң
᰾ȵŽϣȻˣ磬ԣ˵ɣҪʲô
аɭֵĵͼô
֡
һʹϰѵͼ˹չ˼ۣϷʵɭǧЩչ˲߲Ҫĵطָô
᰹룬ڵͼϽָһط
ɽȣȻҲǾأ޺Уƶ񤣬ҺͶӶ
ȻҪˣǾ͸Ұɣ
һһٵ˵ɽȣҾ͹Խʥξ
ɽ޺УпһԴҸޣҪطʲô
᰹ɵ
ϲûлشֻЦЦЩɬ
Ҫɽȣɲǽϵһʱ𣬻ع˽ϹľūΪһٷƽҲĹ󳼣ûйһڵӣ
ж˺ɸ綼˵ֻǿϢһеˣ
ԣҪһԼأһԼĹȣ
õɽȣǽǿĵһ
ҪɽȵĿģ벻ԺҲܲµǲҪ˵ϻˣǲ
϶᰹ɫ
ͣ
˺˵ͼϰɽȵһΣȻֳ룬һ룬Լһ롣
ȸһ룬Ҹ֮գɽȫ㣡

ڶ峿ϵС·ǰıɽȡ
֮ǰ᰹͵͵һ¹ط棬˺۵ӣ̲ס̾˿
ϻΪ̾ϢӡתһЩǴ̽Ϣļȴĸ߽ϡˣΪΪģŲأ¹ľȻ٣᰹ֻ׿Ϊ׿һִֶӡ
׿
͵֮գһ׿ľϧǣľϮ¹˵׿ûӳ
ľ鱻ɣ׿ҲѾʬ޴˰ɣ
ҽ߸ĸģ̾˿ת̤˼ص;
᰹ϣӹȻ׷ϣϵĵڶһֻаƴССʹס˽ϵȥ·
᰹߽ϣĴػľľ飬ͶϱýϾ岻ѵı¶֮ػǰС飬Ϊó׷ٺͰɱ͵Ϯ
ĸػСһ澫顣
ʵ֮󣬲ѷƷͼľʹô
ЦЦһȭͺ˹ȥ
Ҳ蹷Ƶü˾ɱ˶ף˭·ǰ·ôѣֻɱȥܻһƬԼľ
ΪɽȣΪԼĹȡ
ɱʬ塭飬ǧ䣡


182 Դѩɽۣ1

һĹϴ˼ڴϸ᰹ǰ
̶֮ڣǰʮεķһαһѸͣ۵ýƣҲذĿ˹ûбѣԼαࣿ
뵽˹ϲɵһʲôأ
⣬Կ˹̬ȼΪأ̺ʲô
˳ϧ᰹Ҳֻ˵ʮǰ˹һ˰ɭ֣Ҵӳѡ˹ľҴ̸ģϧҴˣҲû˽˹ˡ
˹ĴӣȻѣ
Ȼѣ
ֻùֵֹģʱʮϮ٣ֻܳ̾˿־Ǹ֣Сû취ʹһּҵ£ʲôʱܳһأ
ڽ˼ʱ
ˡ
ҹɫ£ƤĸӰ¹
ѽòأ
ɯſ棬ǰ¹ǰһսľһһ䣬ѷ羰Ѥ¹˸߰˰ˣյľӪѾһƬ߱صķ档
գգ
ά˶̾Ϣ
ֲֻͷཻЦóɵЦ˵
˵ţЪʧ֢קԼϵƤαװ˵ףཱɴΪʲôأ
ɯһۣӣ̲Ǹո˵ôֻлװɴǲܲɧţҵ޵ϣ
ŶΪ޵ϡ
ཻȻ򣬺ʣ޵ʲôѽ
ɱˣɯݺݵ˵кܶҪɱ޵ϣҵ޵֮˭Ҫ˺ҵ޵ϣɱ
ţɱȻ⣬ԱͷƵؾȭͷȻãȻʣȥ޵أ
֮߰⣡
ά˶ӹ˵˽ϵ׼ȷλá
ֵһ£Ϻά˶һͬԴͣȻӦ߰˰ϸӦά˶࣬ά˶ȴܸеϡƵ黹ϷĻµʱܾоԼ߹ǣȴܡ
߰ܼҵ޵
ɯ˷ܵкװལܣ
ά˶Ҳ˳ֻظǵٶȣͣ˼ʮӣǱɯǿġĸ˴ֶУԷɿٶȿ˽ϡ
Ȼ;Ҳ˶ӵء
Ҫֲ顭
գգƾ˰ˣ

˱Ͽȸ
Ͽȣ˼壬λڰɭֵɽ֮ŵһǧף˾ʮ׵ĴϿȣϿȵľͷǾء̩ʥ
ʥıˣǾĵط
ѽѽĲùȥأ
ſڹľ棬űʿϿڣյؼʿܶȣǧʿߣǧʿȫֻͼʿҲ㹻Եأ
ǲֹͼʿ
ŵ᰹ҵ¸ոմϢȥμᣬֻ˱¶Ͱӣһ󳵵˱Ͽȣԣǰ棬һʹߡ鲨ʮ飡ⲻҪˣһ·Ǵʮ׷ɱȴûмӱó깥ˣ
Ҳ˵ӲϿȣʱп⵽˵깥
ίؾͣ˵ûа취Ͽأ
ȥҲҪϿڣ᰹Ǻòܷ
ʲô취ȥ𣿡
ʵ᰹룬ʵڲУҼµľӣȻҵľӱȲ϶ӵģƴۣҲܰ޵͵ʥ
ֵʱ򣬽һֱз۾ϿȵĲ֡
ֻ³ĹȵͷһСɽ΢΢¡ɽ޽һɫľʹĽԼԼȻΪ⹬ȻӴȴͬһƬɽϵСľݡ
ǣȵеľʿȴûһ˸ҿƬСľݡ
£̩ʥ
з۾˯ƵĽϺȻָСľʵ
ںͼ۵᰹ͷǣôʥʮ׿⣬ûоҿˣ˵꣬Щõ޵ϸ£δϿȣҲæһ룬æ˯
򵥵飬ʲô
˸վָʥСʱ֮ҵʥʲôҪ𣿡
Сʱ֮ȥ
᰹ȵŽϣŭ޵ϸ£㿴ǰϿǧʿһ֣һʹߣжʮ顭
֪ȵжٵˣǡ
޹գգۣû˵ҪӲȥ
ߵĸɽƹȥ᰹һЦܣĸɽɽȵΧŰȹȵҪΣ
˵ţ᰹ϵмֺЦ͵㲻ƹȥǡӵڵصȥܣӵľóϵ飬㲻ܡ
£˵棬棡
ϺɸֵָָգǿҲóе壬սʥأ
ս
᰹ҲܣҪսȵʥϿգҲóе壬ϿȾӵ飬ɵʥϿ𣿾ɵˣУ㽫ΪǧӵİӣǾĹɴ⬣
ĬĬ᰹˵λҡͷЦЦ£㲻ڲڣ֮а취սʥˣȸңʥ֮Ҫעʲô
ϵţƺȾ᰹룬ݸһƬϺɫҶҵʥ֮һԶžҪɱ㣬ó˵ᰵʹߣȻ˵Ƿȥ
ϵͷҶʵҲ˵أ
㲻˵ǡ
᰹ȻҡͷЦֻรˡ޵ϣˣΣһҪżҵĸ֮ߣڿ˵ô㾿սʥ
ȥ֪ˡ
صЦЦкߣ£鷳Сʱ֮𹥱Ͽȣããֺ֮С

ڽߺ󲻾ã᰹λʹ
㬵Ū࣡λʹߣܲ³޵ϵİ취ô
ʹ룬׷ҡͷһʹЦ޵˵İ취Ǿ黹ԴĦأ
һ̾Ϣ֮ȿһɣ޵ϵİ취ãıȫ԰޵ϵİ취ѧǾԼİ취
ѧ뵽ϹŪӣ᰹мһɥ֮ȮȻԺʲôѧģ
һɥ֮ȮûĿеĽϣʵ
ʹȴΪ޵Ȼǣɥ֮Ȯѧϰ޵ϣҲһʱ𣡡
ŶΪʲôҪѧϰ޵ϣ
Ϊѩɽˣ
˵ľʹΪŸᵽѩɽˣɫأǰȥһ˴ѩɽ֪ǿߡѩɽˣ޵ϵô


183 Դѩɽۣ2
ѩɽˣ
֣᰹۾ӵɫݣηͬԯ׶һ
ʵϣѩɽȻ˵İЩĳЩضȺУͬԯ׶Ӱ˿νƵԯ׶£ѩɽüǹڹŽ
޵ϣȻõѩɽ˵ۣ
᰹ȵվ
ǵģ޵ϲõѩɽ˵ۣǼߵۣ
Ÿ˵̫Ѫ˽״󹫾һֱۣ֥ǣư׵Сʵ·ִƾȨӣһҹ֮ƽװ䣬ոķλ޵ϣ澳ͻУǿĶֶ֣κ¹֮ͽݺɳ޿֣
޿֣
᰹ȻƬ̣ҡͷҲţ޵б£ѩɽۣΪʲô䵽ֵز
޵֮䵽죬ܣȱλĵĴֹۣ´ƣôΪãŸɫ˵޵ǳͽ˳ᢵͳ˧ѩɽ˻˵޵ӵгΪͳ˧ǱʣֻҪҵһΪ͸֣ӪʱƵңǾ޵һɳ죬ھز֮ʱ
᰹𾪵ס͡
֮૵˵ֻҪҵһңһɳ졭ѩɽˣ޵ϣ
ֹ޵ϣ
Ÿʹɫһѩɽͽ˵ѩɽˣ޵Ϊͽѩɽʮͽ
ѩɽʮͽ
ѩɽ޵Ϻˣ
᰹Ȼ̾ȻͻȻЦ޵пܳΪѩɽͽһɽȣֱѩɽϵ֮ʣ
Цݣƺ޵пܳΪѩɽ˵ͽܣ᰹ġ
緢޵ѾʼжˣҲδѩɽͽˣ׼޵ϣҿһɣ޿֣ѩɽ˿еͽóεȰ취
Сʱ֮᰹λʹ߷˹
ͬһʱ䣬ϵġ취Ҳˣ

ȻյĽϣ᰹Ŀɿڴ޿֣ѩɽһеģ޵ϣ㣬㾹Ȼְ취

˵ʵϵİ취ȱ¡
ȱµİ취õİ취
飡
Զһҵĺڿ
ȻһӰ˰գһĻߣ˱ϿϿա
ˢ
Ӱſһֻ׵Ľɡɾľ޴ҶƶɣƮƮ̩ʥϿա
ͼսʥ
ȵеľʿڵֿ᰹ˣһշһӰһߴľȵս᰹˸ѿս
˵ţߴ̧һֻһɫಡؾӰ࣡
Ĵ£ǧྫŹеһеֿо飬գۼֻ߰
һ仰Ĺһǧ˵ľ壬Ȼֻǵأͬҹգ
鹭ھ£
һֹӰûƮʥϿգͱ࣬ۡ˹ȵϡ
ǡ
ǡ顯һһģһӰҲ˰ա
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ߴһЦ۸ߺս׼ǿԤ
ʹߣ䣬쿴ʬ壡
һľͻȻԵش󺰣
ߴ鲨Ťͷôˣ˵ʬʲô
˵ţʬӣԸӣ
ҼеӰȻѪģ仹ãһ֪һʵľ飡
Ҳӷ⾫飬ȥ޵ϣ޵նɱ
޵ϣȻþʬ忪·
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˵ţžžԼͣ
ջҸղŵĻ޵ϲһɥ֮Ȯѩɽ˵Ķԣ޵ϾһͷϻһҵΪ֣ӪʱƵľʦңͻỢ˫ᣬһɳ죡᰹Ƶ˵Ÿ˵Ӧ޵ѧϰ˵ĺãӽԺҾվ޵ϱ濴ѧһ죬һѧ޵ϵǻۣȻ󣬳Ϊ֮ľŮ

ʯ쾪ԣŸʹĿɿڴ
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ȥһ֮󣬾ͱòһˣʶ޵ϵֶΣǱޱİˣ

ǹΪĳӣԼֻЧҵı֣ûзأŸ̾˿תѧϰ޵ϵֶ޿ɺǣҲõŻ̩ʥΣأ޵ϡΣհ
᰹üͷһ壬̩ʥ˵һأ
ʥ޵ϣǷܻų


184 
ʥһ˲䣬ϾһƬ൱Уģȫ
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ϣһͨ࣡
ѵɸһ̩ʥҲĳ֡ܶ䡯Ľƣ
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׼ķ߰˲֮֫ԽӷĽϸȷϣû̩ʥȻĽƣ
뵽ߵĸСģ
ǺʥԶž顪ô˵϶᰹Ҫʱͨͨ⡣
µģǶӱǸûǿߣ
̩ʥ֮ڲܶû˵ܶ˵ǿ߾ڸ׼ͻȻðɱԼ
ֲĵˣûĵˣ
ǿߣ׼ʲôʱأ
ĬĬ˼ţʥľȺǰ档
Զǣ޵ϣ󴩹ʥξ
һ
û˻Ӧ
ѵԶžԼȥˣ
Ȼˣлλˣ
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ʱֻԼˣεغλָܸ·ô
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ͷȻһɹζ׼棬Сؼ·
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ѵʥĳܰķ
ţϺȻᵽһɳζ
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Կ϶ǣʬƱҲͼʥ

ڹ۲ʬ壬ϺȻо˷ÿһϸУصʬԱߡ
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һʬȻҲǵˣΪʲô
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ЦЦΪ⣡

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Լ˸ղ˰죬ȴûа취ɢ˼·
ҡҡͷٿϷ
Ⱥͷͼ𺳣ͷͼƽֻ࣬һ̻Ի͵ĹǰվŮˣ
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˾ǡ
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ϵĿⶸȻصŮϣʹŮУһŮ˾ǡɯĸ
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ͼ滹һγ֣ʣЩ֣϶ڽͺˣʹĵʣ
ͨ߻谵˷ܵĽϴյǰ棬ֻһдš


185 ֮1
ä˰
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Զŵǣ뿪
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ԣعϵɫأʹ϶ǰɯĸĹ¡
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⻭ʵ̫Ϥˣ
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ϴ㵰Σ͵ʶЩԾ
ķӣ϶ǧϵĹŻģҲ϶ǧǰĹˣ
ɫʷԶɯʹ쳣ǳǧŻϲֵ⣬ﰲﰲǰų֣ôܳڼǧǰĹŻϣ
ѵﰲҲһǧϹŶ

ڽϿķʱ򣬱ϿΧ
᰹ɫ񣬴λʹ뼪ϣ˵˰ȫδ
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ǰ·ά˶б̾˿һ·ѾƽˣϿȣһ仰һԣοΪЩͷ¶һϦͱο࣬ο࡭

ʥˡ
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˭Ҳû뵽ΣͷϾȻķӡ
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ۿϵָɵ棬Ȼŭ˷ȵƿڴ
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ۿҪˣȴЮ˾
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ɫɫ죬ƣףͬյɫɭȻ˽ϵ֡
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һϱƽҧǿ㲻Կףǰ᲻ɱ㣬ǽ죬ǰҶһë죬ǵأҲ롭


186 ֮2
ϼһ﾿˵ʲô
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ô

¹յ˽ϵͷƤۿҪԣͻȻɭֱһ˺ѷεĲҽУ
㣡Ҳ㣡̧ͷ
һƺ̺ɢɽҰϿգ¹ɾڽͷƤɢ

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һƽʿЦ֮ղŵĳͲΪ棬ǰ֮ɱ֥Ѫɺӣ޲ߵĹﰡˣʿ˵ĵˣ˭

ıҡͷˣǸУûгּ¼ûʵ֤ǰҲֻǸ۵ˡ
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ĸϴߣ
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һĻԶĬȻȻ̾һ޵ϣö


187 

ϿһĸɽϷ˳Ц
Ȼͷ˾ıպ鷳࣬ǲĥ֮󣬽ϵһٴطˣҿһɽϱͷʱ;ɱʬ壬ϺȻãٶѣҲӦԣ
أԺЩԣ
ͷԴʵķأҲһô
ĬĬصݸһķױţֻ仰ĻһսȻЭԪˣԿƴ½棬˹ռţ۹սȼ֥ǣſɱ۹ƽ
ڶ䡰һգոķһղ㷭ؼ壬Ϊ֮ܣ
䡰ǰ·ױִƻҽʮҽʮҫʮֵ֡ܣҪ첻ȥˣǵң
ķⱲѡֵˣ
ȫķĿġ
֥ǣ۹ңķ⻰˵ôȻϸһ룬ķҵūûһܹҺ˹۹ĶݣбҪЧô
˵ˣķ۹ңΪ˹۹ǽϵĸ
ֻ潭ס˸ϲ޹˼ɵĴƴ
ѽķǺúأ
ɯҲصͷȻЦʣ޵ϣҪȥѽ
ȥ᰹
ߵķӡȻ˼һ
ȷӦȥ᰹ȻҸȫĵط͹һξڣཿʥԵľ鱦˾أ᰹ݵԼ
˵᰹̬Ĳ˵

ˣά˶ˣԼѾ˰ɭǿ᰷кξ壿
кǧٴķӡЦûȥ᰹ѾͷǷһɽأ

罭ϣ᰹̬Ȼ仯Ϊϵ
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ǰ鱦նϣ᰹ȻԶڼɽͷ֮ҲĿ׳һ˵ҵһĻ
᰹ŭһ͵ץס˼죬һͷɥӵĸϻ
λʹҲɫŭضס˼
ѽѽʲôѽ˼ҵɲأ
ҪƿᰣŭʤָԶĴ֪ʲô𣿡
֪ѽǾҷӡ֮أ
ûҸķӡ֮أǾػ̩صıŻ֮ľ᰹˻˵޵ϸչȥ֮͵ˣ˵ʲôģ޵ϣǾأ
дȶ
ЦٺٵشۣҲëˣ
ѽ׵ˣ˾ô

㲻ã˼أ
ҺͿˣ˵Ķԣûۿ۶ϱ֮ľ֣ԩ޵ϣ
ڼʱᰵ̬ͻȻһٰʮת䣬ɫط˼
ղŶе뼪ҪѽЦǺǵ˵
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Ǽ̼ߣҲ᰹̬ˡ
ĸʹҲֲ⣬ǿŹһԣŭ˵֮ľ٣϶޵йأôܡ
С
ᰴϾʹ͵͵ۼѹ˵ǣ֮ľʲô
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Ÿʹ㴷صǰģҪ޵ƻʥĸף游ĸмʮλڣѵЩܲƽ𣿡
ֻҪ޵ܳΪѩɽͽҾͲƽϣ᰹ɫΪ룬ĸԳŮɱΪʲôǱ֮ľ
˵ţϿŷӡ򣬺ͼ˴Զ
޵ˣ᰹ԸǸţ޵֮˭Ҳᱱ֮ľ飡
ŸʹŲӵ޵ѣ׷أ
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˵ţ᰹¶ϵЦݣ첽ӭ˽ϡ
޵ϸ£Ҹˣ̫ˣ̫ˣ

ᰵЦݣסˣѾͷ϶˾鱦ôЦá
ûᣬҲɵ˼ص飬ӡ͸ᰣЦЦȻ;ЩС仯ҲӡҴˣ빫׼ط̾ξ
ãϷһ԰ȫ
δֵؿ۽ϵļˣǹİɯǡ
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Ҳаɯ
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ڼưɯʱ᰹ĸףȻȻؿʩȵĽϡ
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˵İ׹װӤƺ֪ϵСһƣ˳˵Ĺͷǰ
ڣץס˽ϵ࣡
޵ϣĻҵԼڣҰɣ
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188 Ѳ˵֮ڶࣨ1
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Լѵ
һʱ䣬ת
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ֻһжƮƮģƮҲƮЦð˺ܶ뷨
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УǰһμصʱֻһͨӤڡصǰָô
ˣĻµʱ˸оʧǸ߹ǾϣضѾɱԼȴûиӦͷͷȥ
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ԼžĶƴ֮Сͬһöڵɣᴩʮôײ߰˿ʯҽɽڲ
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ָָԼıǼ⣬ң㻹صΪ𣿡
᰹һ㶡
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ء
޵ϵ꣬ȷ޵Ȼܷ뿪
ŸĽͣᰴ㵵ؿ۽ϵĿڣѪ඼صСˣ޵ϣȻţ

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ԭ֮½裺ʧ걻ȥ䡣
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ڣϵ౻ˣ˵һʧǣȴûбߡ
죬Ƿ޵ϵ䣬ȡ꣬Ŀæ
࿴꾳УĹʹߣһϽϣһùӹסϵıǿףڴ߽ϵꡣ
ǽھ˵ʱ֤ˣйŹ֣ܴߵģ
ģûôæ
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Ҳû취ѽЦǾأԭûжٹʹߣܴչЩѾˡ
Ŷ
ɸͷӺܿţҲ˵Ĺʹ߶ˣĿǰ֪޵Ĺ꣬ˣ
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ʹ˵ţȻɸԣ䱸ɸˣôʣʲô˼
ҵ˼ǣֻҪɱǣû֪޵ϵඣ
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جĽѹΣĿɿڴңѾˣ
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ڶ࣡
ԼϵС
ѵˣ
ϻΪ˰ԼǴһ


189 Ѳ˵֮ڶࣨ2
һ̣Ķˣ
ӽ಻ͬȫλģϵ׾ͿԼʬһС
δ𣬵δ
ϵĿڱعᴩѣѪ˳
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ֹѪļԣæк˴չһ
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ҲأͷˣһᾡЩķԭȻ취ոǣ
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ҲǣĿýϵõǧĻԵԼֻٶ꣬ɹľɸЩġ

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У֮ȭͷ
ҿԽ͡
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ǶװԽԽȭͷҲԽԽ󣬡㻹˵ͣ˼һӢȻ裬
˵ţһȭ˽ϵţصһǾȭ


190 
Ƶȭͷǰšȭ磬֪㲻ȥˣά˶࣬㻹ϳô
һ˵һӴܡ
Ը׷ĶӵĿأά˶ȴܲ˽ϵգգվ
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λʹҲȻɫ䡣

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ڽϵ˿˿۾һˣѵ롭

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ҲæǵҽģԲļλôཱུļңļЪʧ֢ҳʧ֢

ˣˣˣ
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᰹ͷϿɣȻЦЦҲķװɣûҪټ֣ЩҪɣ
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ָ˵أ˼ǿһʣŵ˼ǡ

ûû׼ԯ׶
᰹ۣ۽һһģȻŭ˼㣡
޵ϣǵҸ˵Ҹ˵ԭô
Ȼǵãϵԯ׶ٽץޣȴһͷֵͻϮˡ
֪ҸûˣЩô

᰹ҧһ˳ϣץھƳġơƣǡʽ֮һƼ
ŸʹƼĻ޵ȼԽߣʵԽǿԽԯ׶
Ƽϣܹ֡ʽ
ߺ޵Žϣ᰹
һЩĺ壬׷ʵ˾Ƽ֡ʲô
ڶ֣ǰѻ޻߻˶ɱ񣻵֣˼壬ǰƷóƵͺգԵƷ
ϵһƼһֻУƷĵȼԽߣʵԽǿԽԯ׶

᰹ɬ˵
ϼѵ˵࣬Ѧ˹ҪþƷ
᰹ͷ
ģ
̲סһ䣬Ʒԯ׶ô壬ִ治Ϊô
᰹ЦŽϣ޵ϣ㻹ǲ˽ԯ׶ӰغУƷȷ治׼Ķԯ׶ǾĪҫԯ׶Īأ
ǰ׶׸ԯˣܲô
Ÿʹʹ̾˿
ϻǲ⣬׷ʵѾ׼ԯ׶Զкôô
ôûУ᰹ˡ󡯵ļƷӵǿսıϣһᵱѡʹߡлǰƵԯ׶
ԯ׶ʼʲôô
ôô᰹޺޵һӼԯ׶лõѧָ㡭޵ϣôֻҪܵõԯ׶ָ㣬ӣ϶ΪغǿĴڣ


191 
ԯ׶һָ㣬һغǿĴڣ
ϲ⣬᰹Ѿûȥˣȥ˽ɳ̲޵ϣô죿ڼʶ˽˵Ŀֲ֮󣬲䣬᰹ͽϵλȻ˱仯ҲóϿҺܶ࣬ҺҲؿŸ˰
ϲûмڻش𣬶Ǹ˼һɫ
ᣬӹΪѵҪأǱȵҲ˵ˣʹžȥμˡ񣬾Ѿڼ̳˰ɣ
ĳҸ϶ڼ̳ˣǲ֪ᱻַʽ
ѽѰ֮ѽ˼̳ԯ׶˭Ǹԯ׶ȥأɫΪѣҼ˰Ⱦǿɾ͵ԯ׶
˵ţƵؿ۽ϡ
һֱڵͷƺû˵̸
޵ϸ£ǵĿԣҸ
᰹밧󣬲һȻЦˣ޵ϸ²ûкô飬˵ɣǰҾȳҪʲô
ɫһ䣬õ⻰˵ģҼʲô۵˶սѣأȻѣӪȾǷڵ顭ֻǣԯ׶̫ǿ˰
ϻͲҪ˵ˣǾǷľɽȳҸɽ֮⣬ٸ㽨һƬ㹻ľ±ݣ
᰹ն˵
ѽ㻹û˼ҵ˼أҡָ˼Ҳ̰ͼôֻǵԯ
⣬һԸһٸɽ䣬ļӣ
᰹˼
˵Щʲô̵ãһȥˣֻҪȳҸһɽȿԼĹȣô彫ĹȽˣӴԺ빲飬Ǿ飡

ЦŲ˵ˡ
һֱڡ˼ĽϺȻ̧ͷҴа취ӪȾˣҽɳ̲ĵͼÿһ裡
᰹ϵͼϲŲͷˣڼ͹˵ʲôˣһֱæӪȾûء

򵥵֮󣬽ϵ̸ľٰءɳ̲
һ·᰹룬ָŽϺͼıӰ˵λʹߣǿղŵĳ𣿡
ޣŸʹߺݺһڣȻˣҪô޵װɵӡ٣α޳ܣ
ûȷ޳ܣǸҼסı֣
᰹Ľ˵˲飬ͺƤеܸȡĺô೼ӣһҪ򼪼ѧϰ

Ҫԯ׶ӪȾ˵ʵѣ
һѴǶӱˣ᰹˵ڲǰʵǣѾȶʢʱڵľѷɫ٣ټµػྫʿӵۺʵֱáӴˡ
⻹ѵģΪѾֳ˲ѷصʵȫܹӡѵģôȳƷܲԯ׶
һ׶

ˣӪȾأ
ǰɳ̲·ϣ˼һ·ļ̲סʵ
ǽȻһŵӣȴû˵
ˣ˼˵ʲô𣿡
ûзӦίؾ͡
ȻˣЦЦص˵ƾȳ˵ܾͲŶ
ƶǶصͷ᰹仰ͷ˽һ΢ЦȻʶ˽˵ʵ᰹ԽϵҲ˺ܶࡣ
Ǿ᰹Ťͷȥ֮󡭡
û¶ʲô
бԹԺ᰹ǰʹھĻ⣡
Ϊʲôѽһڣ̷Ӧͬ˵ѵ
ûϰ̾˿ԯ׶ľǿ֮£Ҹûаվȳղô˵ǸһİˣĲһӮûģȴһ䡭
Ȼ
߰ɣҲֻһһˣ
ϡšЦЦ·
˵ĶԻнУ᰹ǰ棬˵ɫҲڽߵأȴڽϵıжһ˿ǳ
磬㵣ԯ׶ûӪȾ
ĵݸһֽд
Ͽˣ΢΢һСʣ˵ʲô
ڶֽû磬ʱ·ϼﰲﰲ˼ܻΪԯ׶
ﰲ
һʾϻٵֽһ˵أлϢˣ
ЦЦûһ㳾
ٰĽɳ̲ڰɭֵĶϷһƬʮĽɫɳ̲ʱ򣬾飬ˣؾˣ塭ٸѾһʮ׸ߵĿ̳ʽҲѾʽʼˡ
أÿֻЯӽȥԼ̳Ӫ沢ûжˣһǧҡǸеٮٮߣǵҲ֮˵һǧûߣ
⣬ÿһ֧ӣȻЩûʸ᳡ҲΧӪԿȥɳ̲ذפӣ˽ɳ̲ÿһڡ
ȻЩҲס˽ϵ·
վס
һֻнһߣӹȴ׳İ˳ǰеĴָŽߺȵӵģ֪ڻԯϹȻҵĸͷɲʶ˭
нһǧ˵İ˾ӣȫؼףְֳ師
ⳡ棬᰹ЦЦ壬ǵô
ᰣ
İȻʶ᰹ЦԭСӣһٶûԽԽɫһɳ̲ɶѦ˹Ѿȥˣûʸȥˣ
᰹壬ҺѦ˹֮飬ҲֶŮͲ˵ϻˣ뿴Ҹϣǽȥ
ȥɶ㻹Ѽ̳ϵľȥ
г˾Ȼڼ̳ϣҡͷᰣҵĲ˼ֻĹҲ֪Ѧ˹ѾѾϼ̳ڣ˵죬Ҳܷȥؿƻ䰡
ͻȻ䣬˵ңҪǸҴ⣬غʮ߸壬ˣһ仰߰ɣ
̾˿۽ϣ˵ɳ̲Ѿˣû취ȥô죿ɳ̲ȥôӪȸ

ЦеǰһŰĴָүӣعأֶŮҲ棬ȻүǶֵɳ̲ˣ
Цݣǣؾǹأ
Ȼˣлˣ
˵ţϴǰ
վס˻Ȼɫ䣬ûӸղ˵ʲô𣿡
ΪˣҲŽȥѽ
˵˵Ѧ˹Ѿȥˣ᰹ܽȥǣ᰹Ǵأ
һ㶡
Ѿóһƣ˵˹۹ؼϮϣ޵أңԯ׶Яӣ᰹룡


192 䣬
˵ţǰ̽СЦүӣҵĴҪʵǲ˰ɣ
ᰣ㣬㣡
˵ɴ۾ŭᰡ
᰷˽һ񣬽һЦ壬ڿԽȥ𣿡
ߣСӽƻ
˴ӣȥɣǣһֻЯӣ
Ȼأལȥ
ϵһӣȻ᰹ȥ
ȵȣ˱ûסӣָָϵμ᲻ܴҲǹأСӣ£ʱٻ㣡
ȣ
½˿۾̸ȲҽѧתΨһƷ˵ļô㽻һͷΪأ˦ְѽ̸Ӹˣүӣɵÿҵȣˡ
ˣӰͷ㣡
㬵غһŸɶҲǣָŰɯˣȻ޵ϽȥҲ뽻Ӫʵţ˭ߣӵĸͷɲʶ˭
ϼһﰡ
üȻ᰼˽ȥ
ߺ󲻾ã˱һӵıص档
˲ٺöɣ
ڵȺ򣬿еıʱǰһ
ʱûսϵ˵ıȷǹأЩ˽ڡǴ½õıʦǱĶ֣ñоһ飬úܷѷԭðƻ
±켸
ȷŪ˲ٺö
ڴ᰹ذףЦذףһСᡯһСɲǾԶűӵģ᰽
ɲ˼˫ֲ̫ˣ̫ˣɲǵذ칤գǰʮˮƽ죬׼¯
ʲô
Ŵĺӣذ׽ˣﻹвٺöоһ¡
˵ţ̧һС͵¯ȡ칤ߣ᰹ذϡôﻹ૵˵ǾԭϾȻᾧ壬ӵģ߿
˵ʱҲڴ
λʹߵҲǷƷܿ죬һ˾ǵıʣµǸҲ̫õģֻԶԣ໹Ľ̸ȡ
ȡ
ϵȴ֣ǺɫԲ壬ǶɫοջƣȶˣһöС͸֣ȥӨ͸滹кܶѪɫϸߡ
ã԰˵۹⣬Ȼ̸ȵԭϣ
ǽģǾȻ壬Ҳԡ
ɻ˼ţԾأ˫סϵ͸֡
ǰɣ
һŤʱƿһѽʬʱõ޹ǯ
ŷ˹˾һ䰫еıʾȵĵʣһʲô
ܹһȵصɴ۾һťжһ£
ѧŸղŰ˵ӣŤ͸֡
ǰɣ
һʵҲ˳
٣ȤȤ
ٴתǰɣǰɣʮҽѧе
ϵܹʮֹߣͬǶת֣ͻᵯͬĹߣڵϲʲôϡ⣬ǰЩ̫ˣ̫ˣ
᰹ذףӵģҾȻˣ޵ϵȣǴ½ı죬ټж֣һоȡ
һ˳ȥ
ɾ֮󡭡
ħħ
ﴫ˲Ҿ徵ĴУ

İԣæ˽
ǡ
յģʲôûУ
ǵģʲôûУһˣ̸ȣһӱԭеĵ̺¯ȵȰ裬ȫûˣ
أ
һɫʡ
ȱܿˣ
һ˵ľ˵Ὺʼٿټټڿڿټһͬʧ٣ǣʲôͱ˽
ı˵ԼķðƷӦȥ
Ƿˣİ˿Ц᰹ذף˵ԭϱҲԷ죬ǣ޵ϵһûоףû찡
޵ҪȣǸô죿
Զԡ
ǱͻȻı仯ˣҲһҪ顪ǽɳ̲ԯ׶ٰأܸղ﷢ʲôԿ϶϶ˣ
ԯ׶϶䡭
꼴ˣ
Ͽɲ֪Ӫطʲôһ᳡һ˵öѡ
ף
Ȼŷ׿Խ׹ЦЦ󹫾ȻҲˣأ
ԯغʢ£ôܲأҲ΢΢һЦָָԶļֻ̳ң鶡ˣάС㣬кڹѸ˹أܶѶˣ
ϿۣȻάԶüάʲô
˭֪أ
ʼ磬Ȼѹ޵ϣʲô۽ߵ᰹ͣȾ
ٴξ׵ͷԣĬϵܸһЩ𣿡
죬ҿɲҵԯ׶ж˵ϣұ֤ܵ·ʲôĦҶΪУ
ᵽĸϵɫЩȻ
ʱͻȻ˵иˣСЩҿԾ
иѣ
ɻͻȻԶһˬʵĴЦ޵ϣҵֵܣ벻㾹ȻҲ
һ˫Ѫɫͫףļ࣬˾Ȼˣ
ˣ
Ļ
Ͼ֮ʱѾǰ񿴴˽ϵ˼͵ûҪҵϧұѸˣ
ȻԾ
𲻹ֿܳԹٳʮ꣬Խ˿ô
ϾǰЩİǲôǻֵˣЦϸǿϲɺأϸ硭
ᵽ״˵ԴͻȻ˸ͷȸ߰ŽϵʲôҲգЩ˵Ĺϵ㡭ôˣ
ҳ๫УȻҪûĵطֿڷ԰
ԴǲɾţҲû˵滰ڴ⡣
һ˺ȺǶȥ
Ȼ󣬼̳ϴһƼϣྲϿʼ
˵һλˣӦǵ¸صˣġƷɾѦ˹ṩġɵ¶
һＤǧˣ
Ϻ᰹࿴һۣ޵ϣҸϾҪˣ


193 ѻ߾磨1
˼̳ˣǾͱƤӵƻᣬ˵ô
ѵѾˣ
ժ½˿۾˲һĵӣ۽ȴ͵͵ż̳
޵ϣ취ѽĵıƺŭ᰹ץס˽ϵֱۡ
Ҳûãҿ棡
˵ţϿ˺ߵһʯͷϡ
ⶼʲôʱˣ㡭
᰹޲ϣȻȴҲòϵݴɽǰ治ɫĵ̬ŵվڽϺ档
̳ϣں˽ӡƷ
һοӵò΢΢£ԭΪ鿡ҲǸĿ꣬û뵽ӿȥһòͨԣũˣ
ĴŴҲǳֻͨһɮƵص鲼ۣš
˾磿
Ϻʵ
᰹ſǻˣûӳޣԻȣıūҪ磬޵ϣܶӵˣˣ취Ҹ
취Ǽô
ϵıԽɣ۲ߵӡ
һӲ⣬С鰬ǵڶȴЩ𾪣ȻһɫƤԱأ
϶ذɱҲɣԤϵһӪȾǣԸˣ
ϰҪ֮ٴΪԼ˸Ƿ󿴵˱ϼ̳ľ
ϰ˱ɫҶҶϻͿ֬ò
⣬;һмӱ̧˼̳
᰹˵ҪˣҲҪ˳õƷԱʾȫ׼ԯ׶ؾǾ
Ʒ׼ϣҾϹл˷ļƷ
ְѾ˻̼ϣҲΧھߣȻһͬлӡ˵ľϹӵϹžֻǵͷʾ⡣
޵ϣмʮӣҸҪˡ
᰹ڰͲס˫ȭ㻹ϳֻ֣Լƴһƴˣ㲻Ƕӡ
˵ʲô
Ӹղſʼ𡮶ӡƺֱ᰹ٴ𣬽ͻȻէ֡
᰹ʵûô˵㻹ϳ֡
䣬һ䣡
һ䣿᰹ã˵ҲǶӵĶ֣ҲۿŸ
ԣ䣬ӣӣ
ϷЦŵҲ˵ô֤Ȼؾ㼱ʲôˣȸңҷӡ֮󣬾ùִͬûָһεߣô
᰹ͷĬϣ
ǵĻа취ˣȻһܾȳ㹻õҪĶ
˵ţεĺʯ棬˵Ż磬ͨʮԺ֣ǰ˵ĻþıʼдһѪ飬ɣ
Ȼ԰ͷڿᰮĻŶյ˵ģ±ʼʵ̫׵ˡ
Ǻã˵д
ϻңɵ¶Ѹ澫塭
᰹ҧ֮䣬һƬҶһһддһʱ᰹ȵ̧ͷѵ롭
ϵȻһЦ
ʱ˿̣߳ļ컪ģȻӺһԣԼ˻ѣ
ԯ΢ǵĿ󡭡
Ѷ׼̼ϵľ˿ʼ˼һ
ϵֻ֬Ҫ˵һ仰Ͷѣһգ۵Ĺ򣬾Ҫճɻҽ
ǾΣͷ
Ǹ֪ڴʽǷǳʧľٶЩұڼ֮ǰ˵ϼ˼̳棬ϿҵؾϹ¹غİƽһ˵Ļ𣿡
üͷһ壬˰ѽϸϳȥһ䡮¹غĺƽһõ֪࣬˵ʲô˻ʽ븶ۣȷҪͣ
ϳ¿ҵ˵ԸеκδֻۣҼӵʱ䣡
˶٣޵ϣոķܣӦ֪ԯ׶Ժոķĳ谮Ժոķֵ˵ؾԯ棬Ҳһᡣ
ոķԯ׶Ϣ£ΨһԺߺϵ˵ɫںͻͷȻˣ˵ɣ
л
̳ϣ߾᰹дگ飬˵λǶغĴ˵Ȩˣڻʼ֮ǰλͬһگ飬֤
˵ţϴگ飬ңɵ¶Ѹ澫壬֪ӣ˼ã˹ΪŮŸĴʹ߹ͬͬʱѦ˹ϲ⣬壬ûع鰮ɭ֣
Ȼ
Ȼһļž
᰼λŮѦ˹壬˶룬گ飬ô
һƬ˿˿УЦſ۽ϣƺ˵ǰûɱ㣬ȻֶΣΪˣ
Ѧ˹ȴһƽƽӡ
λǾױگ飬˭ʣ飡
һʱ䶼ûзӳϵظ߾گ顣
ܿ죬мϤǰ顣
飡飡
⼸˵ӣᰵ쵽˼㡣
گղдģǼٵģ˼˹Ǿͳˣ
ǡ
ûܼ
Ǿֻֽ
һ˹ǵõغ֧֣Ϊ˳ľŮѦ˹ͻѣɭ֣
ڶӲ뱻ϳɭ֣ǾͱƷگ飬ǣҪƷگ飬Ψһİ취Ƿ˾þ塭
һӪȾĿҲʹﵽˣҴʽͷżƷպԯ׶ŭͳͳɶѦ˹е
˵ֻҪ˲鲻᰾Ѿڲ֮أ
޵ϣѹܵõѩɽ˵
᰹ĬĬǧҪ˲鴦źã
ϧԸΥ
ԣԣ
һλ߼گ飬ҡͷگʼû⣬ģҺ;ʶǧ꣬ǵãÿشߣضЩگ飬һݹڣһղأگ϶Ϊһ޵ϣֻóһگ飬϶Ǽðģ
һλ˹ҲֻگѡҲ԰λگεҪôύһౣܣԣԣ
ǣ
Ҫʣóگ飬Ȼ˵ǵ֤ݣ˵
Ȼñʹ巢ӦţǾˣŴӱ˰ɱʵǣ᰹ͬˮ𡭡ҪǣЩ飬ǶѦ˹һֲ߻ģ
˵ţ½ϣһѡ


194 ѻ߾磨2
λ
ϻ˿ڡһԴеĴԻûȽʽ˵С鰬޵ϣ˵ҼҶӡ
죡۰ϵõ˵ȨǶһûУ˵Ǿԯ׶ҫ
㬵ر͡
ⳡ棬΢΢һЦ˵ҿԿʼôðɣҪӶӵʵ仯˵ܸңǰʲôʵ𣿡
Ҳ룬飬൱ĵذǿߣ
أ
ͻȻʣû˵λӾҲԿӲͬˣӵ˱֮Ҳ޼ʵҾͲòһ䣬Ӻζ
˱ʵƿԣ
ѧһǹͷ񡯵ԭ˵ǣһ˱ֵ̫ڣͻȻ֮ϣǸйص˻ٵأ桯ȥ롭
ͻȻӵ˳Խڳ˵˾Щ뷨̫ˣ֮᲻Ըǰ
뷨ʹ£ǿӵ仯ˡ
һͷѾǵǱʶӣǺö
뷨ϽĻ͸ױţ
û˵ӵʵӺζ𣿡
ϴҲ˵ҿԸظǣҲ֪ӵӺ֪Щʲô
ʲô
ʵ
һƣ
˵ƣλǲǾЩΣɽǾĺԺôԼҺԺ˴ˣֻһûбޣ
ȷΣ˳˵˾˵
ǰε飬ôᷢأضסӣʵǣûʲôޣǱѦ˹ð͵Ϯģ
ΪʲôҪ͵Ϯ
һЦ಻ǰһ£װ䣬ȶ֪װɰɣ
Ȼ֪װȲ죬Ҷ
˵ţ˾ܻ꣬Ѧ˹Ȳˣ͵Ϯ˾
ʵ˵
ϸһ񣬼˵ǣ͵Ϯ֮󣬲ûȥʱľӪˣʱ֪͵ϮԼǶӣڵǡޡϮ壬ҷӡˡ
ھҷӡĹУӰɱ˴ӣı᰹¹Ұ֤
˶٣Ϻͻһ¡ŭ飬˵ԭնӵļƻ϶ˣǲ룬ͻȻ˾壬᰹ѣʱûа취᰹ˣ
Ϸˣʱû취᰹̳˾ߵ£˵ӻ壬
ᡭ
룬˵ӦĴ𰸣Ȼûа취ߣǾֻܻعͷھ취ˡ
ûǶȥ˷ӡеľ
̾˿ڼУӱƾдΪگ飬Ҳ֪࡭
֪Σʱ򣬾Ѿûȥıʲôˣ
֮ɥĲĶѦ˹ʹ˾׼׼ԯ׶ֻҪ׼ɹ˿ڣӻõԯ׶лȥƵѧϰ似λǾΪʲôϼ̳ԭ򣡡
˵ָŶӣƿڴ
֮󣬡ΪǶӵȫǾʹˣ㵴񶾵ǣ׼Һ᰹ȥӪȾߵǸð侫˷ӡ棬ЩҪҵ
ָأǸҷһô
һЦ
ֵ˵ǣҲӹ˰ɱڷӡ淢
گ飬Ǿ֪Ѧ˹Ŀ֮дһѪڷӡļв桪ǵõѪ飬ǲ֪డ
ۣȫۣ
С鰬̲ס˵ĶԼۣûκ֤ݣ˭㣬˭Ǵ
Ҫ֤ݣⲻô
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ϻе㾪ȣΪᰵʦʦƺ̵ܴĺô
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˹ʹ棬Ѧ˹ľӵλֻ֮˹ǣ

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ⷴӳýϺ֣ȻԼѶӰĺм֮Զӵͷԣܲһ䷴ĻҲ˵Ϊʲôûз
Ӹ˴𰸡
Žϣһǧָ治ɫӡ
Ȼ̾벻Ȼڷӡ棬һѪ飬벻飬ȫ˵ˣ
ɣ
Ŀɿڴ
ѵղԼһȻǡ࣡


195 ˳
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ղŶӵ벻Ѫ飬벻顭
ǧȷںģðްɱӣЩʵ
֮ûзΪΪѾȫ֤ݣٷҲûκˡ
˵˵˵࣬϶ЩԼĹʺˣ

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˵᲻ܶ䣬˭ʱӣԯ׶ҫ
Ҳӣֻ̾˿Ȼԣ˵Ѿˣ̳ϵľǺԩ׼ܲܡ
޵ϣϷҲѰ˳̾Ѧ˹һ仰˵ˣؾǹأѾ˼̳û˿԰
Ѵǡǰܲ᰺;˵仰
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ĵȥɣһŮз󡭡
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ᰵ뷨ͱȽ϶ˣ룬ˣԼѾõغ֧֣ƿ壬ǡҪʲôԼλô
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˵ԡ
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ɰΣϸһģɵĴ𸴣ûбҪһУѦ˹ģ
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196 
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άȻɫ֮һ
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շɵĽϽ
ٺ٣ɵЦ³һ֣ˡ
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δ䣬ƺҪӡཱུ֤ԣһӰҵ˽ǰ

ģȻǱյƤģľϿЦһҲ⣬һǿ߼йȻܣûƾҲӦõġ
ǣûҪ͵ǰʲô
ڰգû뵽ཻк仰ˡ
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ཱུĻҲ˵ˣˣˣˡöö˶Ϊ
ԯ׶ˣ


197 ԯ׶Ŀ
ԯһŭѪ̺ޣ
ԯ׶Ȼûۼ֤ΣҲӰȻᰣ㶮Ĺأңղǵһһдŭԯ׶ĵط
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˿ԯ׶˽⣬ڸô죬ߣ
ᰱ˸ƿԡ
֮һǽ⣬ڽϲ˽ԯ׶ֵˣЩɣ⡭ûеԯ°ɡ롰ûûǱ֤ڼ̳ϣ
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һ˲ϸԼ˺ܶౣάɣȻÿһ֣ﻹǹֵֹģΪЩҪðŵԯ׶Σգά𣿡
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أƽ潥ʮ׵ĸ߶ȣңͺһεǽڳУˮ½ػߣȴûɢֻߣ
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Ͽڲ˵ֻͷɫͷǼȫ⽭ϵ˼ֻɵЦԱ㣿
ԯȻһЦĬĬལ׼ȷ˵ཱϵά
ˡ
ԯ׶Ȼͷ̾˿ƾˮϴˢӣˣּһֻϺˣ
ԯ׶һ̳˶ݵʧһ˲䣬˵ĽɶЩ٣鶡Ѿ˵һĻˣԯ׶붯ŮʹȻ
ȻԯЦſ鶡ˡ
ǰԯ׶ǰ鶡˲ҧŭûɱ㣬Ҷάûƨۣƨɡһ໰һӣˣֻת֮ҲҪдһд֣ԯ׶ûƨۣ

ԯ׶ղŭЦСӣȻ꣬ҲȤ˵ţӻ֣һͷά͵˼ʮ׿⣬߰ɣ˶ʮжӲ£Ϸ˻ûгɣΪ㣬ʵȤ
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û϶ǳֵģ
ϵļ˲ðһ亹ʵ벻Լʲôʱԯ׶άԷŹΪʲôң


198 ֻؼ
޵ϣԯ׶´ϣƺһ̴ִĵ
ңԹ޳𡭡ԯ׶ĵ⣬Ǹ˵˰仰ͷԯ׶ĮͼᶨӵˣǾ׷ֵģԵҲĶ֣ҪɱҪ㣬ܵװɣ
˳Ƶˡ
˵ţԯ׶ڽüһ㣬ʱֻȫĽʧˣԯ׶תع麣󣬵Į߰ɣȥƵ
úǰϵͷԯ׶档
ԯ׶һ·߻غ;ĽҲ׷׽Ĵæ򵹣ߺ𣡡
һ·ߣڳݣҫԯ׶мˣ
ûԯϣ·᰹ʱĵȥһɫ˼ʣᰣԯ׶˽⣬ң
᰺ûпϵɫأԸߺԯ꣬䣬Ů᰹麣
ףϰԼһ䣬˵ֵҷɵˣ֪ᰲɿʲôѽ

һɳ̲·ԯǷֿĺˮϿУʱĺˮǵصѹ˹
Ȼ֪ԯ׶ʱɱԼǿȻĺˮϻǾر۾ûԯʲôٶ󺣶Ϊãѹֺոķ˵ǧںϺԯ׶氡ֵⱲӾͽڳƵô
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ţһѽק˺ˮȻһգۼ˰֮У
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ԯ׶Ķֲң
˵һЦˮļззɵĸ졣
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һִûָУƫƫеԣһһ
ˣǣֵ֮ҵġҲˡ
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ĶֲңҵĶ֣㣡
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ŵٶޱȣ׶һƬƲ֮Уԯ׶ҲԼӰ
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СҲѵˣֻǼʦðȾȡ
˵˰仰Ȼٴ΢죬ʦСԺ˵ֻڣǲǡ
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ͷ
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˵ţڿڴֽʣģؿһҩţӣ԰£֤Ժûд󲡣
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ôĽϲ֪ԼƲɫ
ʱԯ׶׷ŵټЦˣҵĳìˣضѰ࣬ɣҷһս
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һֻԶʱҲû˸ԯ׶ǰ˵ڣ˵ţԯ׶ì㺣棬һƽ۹㳡ĴӺˮ˳ԯ׶վڴ㱳ϣìͦ𣬡Ȼ˵ǾͿʼɣ
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صǽ⿪һֻؼô
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199 һֻؼﰲĵİѵ
ƽ֮һǰһǰļҲǽ⿪ֻؼ
ŵ仰̫Ϣÿһʶ̺˾أˣĬӡ磬˵ƽá֮һȻ֮һǳ˽⿪ֻؼƽ϶ˣ
磬ˣҲ԰Լһǰļ䣬ǲĳһ죬Ҳѣھϱӵ
Уһǰļ䣬ǰͽں֮ĸΪ

֮ŵ仰ý뵽˺ܶࡣ
ﰲԯ׶ľȴΪϵ˼ֹͣ
֮УԴԶޡɽ֮ʶ֮ǧɽ̤
֮ϣԯ׶ֻһﰲ˷ܵߺȻŴʿĹƽ˵Լص㣬ﰲ
ԯ׶ҲˣƾöϣԹ
˵֮ԯ׶߶´㣬һԶħﰲӹͦì̳ƽƽһ
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ԯ׶ìͷͣﰲ˫֮䣬õ
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ΪˣﰲԼǿƶгˣԯ׶ɫ΢䣡ٴο϶ﰲǰѾϤԼġѣ
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ﰲĻƽʨӵĶͷ˺ԯ׶ľ룬ԯѾһλᣬڶΣ飬ɣóǿĺ죬һɣ
˵ﰲ߶ƽʨӣٴγ
ãһ⣬죡
ԯ׶վԭزìͻȻ߸


ûٽϴĿȫ壬ϺзֺﶼڷĺˮǺˮȴΪͣЪƬ̣գۼﰲ
ҺˮͣЪֱӷգƺ綼ϴˢһ飡
󣬺ˮƲ㸽ͣգա
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ⳬԽ˼缫޵Ҳ𾪵Ŀ̿ˮţԯԯ𣿡
ԯ׶Ȼࡣƽ˵ֻԯ׶һЩԽͼ֮·Խʥ˵ʦĪǱԯ׶壿Ŷ죬Ȱ˵ʦһ䣬ûбҪΪԯ׶ȣгһգʦҵԼĵ꣬Ӵ
ҵ꣬ͿսʤԯϾȵ
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ţﰲ˵ʱ򣬿еĵѵȻҲǡڵϣһһ׳ĵͷڣЩɳŮõķ쵶
һץסƽʨӵëһָ߾ٳﰲǻգ
ӹԯ׶ߣյҡͷ
ﰲһͬʱˣԯ׶Ҳ˴ıϣ
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Ʋ֮ϣϿĳסﰲԼδĵİѵ
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˵󣬰ǸΪ˵Щ̫ؽˣһ֡޵ϻҼСİѵ˼ﻹƽԴе
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ûңﰲ̹ȻԼݣȻ󵭵˵ղһֻ˽ǰİ֮һԯ׶ȤҵĵڶôڶҽһֻؼǰһУȥ
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200 ԯµʱʼ1
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ˣ϶ˣ˼Ȼٴμ棬ûĸŮ˲İݵţܾöûķˡ

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ղԯ׶֣ԥ׿ԱԭΪˣɲ룬ﰲͻȻ֣չ˳Խԯ׶˴ȽϣԸϺ죡ô죬ʦȻվһ˿ֲŮˣңҸղʦߣʦ᲻պˣ
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һֻͷӬӽһƬС档

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201 ԯµʱʼ2
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˵գѩɽ
ãһѧʵʦڣ
ˣ˺ܾã
ƽ˵ԴӻƽֻؼԶǿ߷׷׻ع飬ԯҲ˰ɣͻȻֻҪƽԯһ


202 ԰
ҽкԯ
ǲ֪ҵֲҪΪֻϲǿ߱һŤתǬıʿڰеߡ
ǿ϶Ҵ֣ԯ׶
ܾǰ纣׶ܺԯҵӱ֮Ϊԯ˫һͬ˺ܶҵ飬ûܵס纣ꪣ㵲סˣҲضӲҺıƣ
վڴ米㾡ǿߵӣĺá
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ںϱ¶Ĵ̫ˣҵˣ˺ܶǰ飬Ҳ޷ָǰˮƽˣҲҲ޷ıЩԶʱǿͼҲ޲ߵļıˡ
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ʱ򣬽ϺͺҲ˽ɳ̲Χץŷڰ֮УڹѸգͻȻһЦ޵ϱ£óǿһУݵһУ


203 ľ1
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૵ˣǵ͹޵ˣ޵ϾǸµ⺺Կڴ½ǰʮλ


204 ľ2
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纣ϣ᰹ѨڽϽ£޵ʦˣһҪȾѧ


205 Ʋ㣿
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һ죬ϼСľ㺣Ȳ裬ƲʣϺҵȻڰǽɳ̲һսɱ˲ٰˣȥҪûʲô취Ұ͵
ʣ뼪˵һ䣬սˣ
ѽĺأЦе˵ȥһˣ˵ְܸˣµĴʹҲֻʣŸأ
ͷԹϲһ£ȥҪͻṧذͬʱﶫǧ󳡵ĿأҲᱻһ
һֱۡ
ʱ洫᰹Ŀ
ʦҪǻϰңѧѧֻǰˣ
һ᰹⣬һһ̣бӺմսذ׺ǰһҪҪӡ
ˣμϴƲ
չһžµͼǼڰܾʬҵģͼʾӻӣ̾ɭ棬ᰵɢɢֻʣ˰ǧˣɭֵĶǡ
ˣõͼϵľ֣𣬡ʱˣལң³ά˶ɽȣ
ڿϳ
ûп׺νġʱָʲô˸ɫ
ϵѽҪжأǣΪʲôȵѽֻʣ˰ǧˣأûʲôأ
ҪĶѾˣα
ָָͼҵȵɡ
۵ͼҡҡͷѽл˵˼Ҳأ
ӻʣӣֻаǧв֣ô
ȻΪıҪ£ݹ۴֣һΣӦˣյõģЩϵĺôһֱһº᰺غ屻ԪˣûаָܻҲ˽ǣֻʣвֻҪǻӣǷﶫ˭Ტۣ˭Ǿ
£
彭ϾϹٳٲᰣҪܾˣȻΪıȡöΪҵĺԺ


206 һˮɽǣ˹ҽѧԺ
һ̣ͻȻԼͺ
ֻһС죬թֻǰôν֮ͽ
ȴ£ػｭɽһһڶ´֣ν˳ᢣսǧ֮ߴţ
¡
ϳòЦĪǱµģûбսʤǺӾأ·ģѾڰй۲һ£ƾᰵİǧв£ұʤأ
ϻû˵
Ц»ǲϿڣĪǵĶѾѷھʵҲ赣ģı㣬ʮڳȥӣ㲻ɣҲöв£
ԽĬȻ
ЦЦȻ²׼ڣǺݣȥк᰹ˣ˵ţ˳ȥ
źıӰϺȻ̾˿
̽ʣˣղŲ˵ڵĺģ
ϵͷ̾ʶһ£Ҽʶˣǿ԰ϴ½۷ıǺ̫ˣǰǶӵ£ȴҶԸӡ˵ʵĲİ
أԴӺӲΪʲôЧȴΪ¡Ҳɻͷܶʲô
ǵģ϶ʲôˣ˵Ҳܱʣȷˣε뿪ɽ֮ʼձҺͺ֮䣬ֻҪ춯֪ͨҡҲ뿴ڶ˹
˹ѹһΣʹ
ڽϺͼ˵ʱ򣬺ҲŽϵߣǰ
ֻһɵ˼˵ųɣȫ˽ϡ
ʱ˿̣Ӧڻҵİɣ
ЦҲѹֱģǰ¶Ƕӵ߹ȴ¶Ըӣ˭İµǼ򵥣ֻѾǱ¶ǺͿԴµģ
ֻǡ
νҪ˲ã˲ɣҺⲻԼݣΪһΪ֮Ƿ׶һΪһľ͹ңҺ٣ʮûҡˣȥϴ½ۣ֮Ȼԯ׶һ˭һΣҺ£
ϵĺΪڶ˹Ҳڽһ̽ϵʣ˵İܻܾúܾá
ᰡ
Ѿ˾·ֻͱӦһϵȫûйƽԵԼ
Сľ⣬ԾŮݻطֽɽ͸˽ϡ
ţں׼õǩ֣ŵӴԺɽȾǶ飬뽭ϡЭ̡⣬ÿ껹ҪṩһĲƸʣɽȣļ֮á
˵һ仰Ϊ˻Ѿ˽ϣ
һͽľ֮󣬽Ȼ̬Ҳ˫ֲˡ
ϲ£ЦѾǩֻ֣Ҫǻƶӣ壬ĸӹˣ
ĺļʲôҲû˵
ָָϵļհףЦ£ɽ۴ʵϣѾˣҵҪиͷ¸ɽȸĸ֣ʽ档
ԣԣ
ɯһ⻰˳˹
Цĺϲ£죬׼ëʺīˮ
Ҳһ΢Цͷ˳˵бǣǣ
˵ע£ЦЦдһд֡
һˮɽǣ˹ҽѧԺ
һˮɽǣ˹ҽѧԺ
˺д֣һˮɽǻ⣬ɽȶд󺣣иɽ޵ڼ侭ԺŽϣһˮɽȡ˵Ժŵ˼ǰ˹ҽѧԺ
һˮɽǣ˹ҽѧԺô
ϵëʣЦ½ֹͼڣҽѧҽҽѧԺҽβˡ
Ӣˣ
ϻû˵꣬ϹЦƺϽҪҽѧԺΪ¹ȵĸ˼
ҽѧڣȻҪһҽѧԺˣʲôӢģ
Ϲؿۺֵ๫УصˣԺҪǵš͸ǣһˮɽǣսң
˵⻰ʱ򣬽ϲԾؿĸĶ飬˹ܲţǱĸ
ɯ񲣬ֻҪߣͲںһԵϣЦսඣ
˿ֵףԺ˵ˣ߰ɣӻأ
ͰողźĽ飬ά˶ɯأлԵάϣལк뿪һˮɽǡ
ǵıӰ£һˮɽǻֻǸƧƵСɽȣ޺УмȵݲԲֻʮ˭֪δʲôأ

ʦҪȥ
һ뿪ɽȣ᰾ͷֽǰķ򲻶Ծ
ϿϳְæˣӦľȥǰǧвϣʿȻܺͶһʤǣƫƫûᰵӪأȥ˶̾ɭ档
׼ȷ˵Ǻ·
ҲΪʲô򣬱ָָǰ棬ŵȥϺ
ȫں棬ᰲûϳԼմУ׷ȥʣǰǶӵΧˣǲǴ·ˣ
ûҾȥҶӣ쳣
ҪȥҶӣ죬ٻ߻һء˵ȥôǿ˿ۺۣû˵ȥ
ģǲȥģȻʱ˵ʮ֮ڣӾ㲻ҲˣȥҶӣȥʬģ
ӻᰲΪʲô
Ϊ˾ЦЮƾȻԺ󲿷־壬ҲӴ޾ᰣ޵ϱ²֪㻹֪ôŰ½ֻо֮ɾȣˣ鶡ˡЩ֮ԸҵᣬΪ˾ϵľ֮ᣡ˾͵ǿ棬֮Ѧ˹У࣬ɱѦ˹ɣ
ᰵͷ˵ףΪ˾֮ᣬȷ׷ɱӣǡѾȥһ£ˣ鶡Щǿ߲ûжԶӳѽΪʲô㶨ʮ֮ڣǿ߻ӳ֣
Ϊǳ֣
ᰣҺͱǱأ̻ع鱾ӷսۣסֻܣʤܵԽԽãԽԽã᰾Цô㡮ܡˣӾͻͳһʱжȡ֮Ʊѱȵ죡ԣһսܣǿ߾ͻŶͳһǰᣬҵĹ
ˣȥսۣ˳ߵˡ
ѴñĸͣȻ£Ǽ߰ɣʮ֮ڣӱضᱻǿΧɱҪģǴ̳һҪ˶ӵ


207 ˻
һжˣ
᰹صӪ֮ƴһ̬ǧвȫ˿սΪҵһս
ϣشᰶжףһ·׷ɱİٶᰴŽʣǧɭֶĴɽ;˾󲿷־ʣһףթܣƾʣµľӺʣҲƲ̫ķˡ
սԶӵʤգ
ǿ̲סˣһΪ֮ضӴٲɱ¾Զûл
ɱɣ
䣡䣡䣡
ɭǱ죬ڵڰ賿˶ӪصĸҪüǰȥ̽ʱ򣬺Ȼǰ洫һĺ
ǿѾˣ
һЦһ׸ߵĴϣӸµ£Ǿ͵ȿһϷ⣬뼪ȥץѲڵĶӲб
ԸȥץͷҲϡ
ܿ죬ץһֻߵĶӵڱǰľ֮һĿȻ
ԭ賿ʱ鶡˵һǱӵӪأҪ͵ȡ֮ᡣǶӵʵεǿ鶡ץ˸С
鶡֮ʱĿԪ˧˳ˡ
ţˣ֪ŪһʿĺڹѸкܶ཭Ͻвǿ߷׷׵ǳתۼ䣬ԭһص͵жǿϮӪأ
ЩָӪвȫԿס档
ҪǣҲˣǧͭʥʿ
Ҫǣһ־ͺһ𣬴ȡ֮ᣬΪ˽ȫߣڳǿǣɼְɣΪ˾֮ᣬΪȫ࣬Һ
ǿšһһĹսۣ
ĺʥʿŴͻڣ
һʥ˼ˣʮǿߣǧ˵ľӣͻڡ϶ϣָ㣬ƲϺ˵ܵסô
ӵסػȫˣ˵ϲⳡսʤס󲿷־ӣһɽȡ
һĽֱۣƲϺ֪Ųߣӵĳ·߶Ļȥɽȣ
ǧȷӿ϶᳷ɽȣ
϶Ϊӵʵ仯ɽȣ
͵̧ͷ
ͻȻ˲ѷھĸ֣µλػҲʵŽϺܾˣѵúͣæ׷ʵӵʵɽȣ˵˵
ǰˡ
͵죬ȥɽȲ׽ޣȥɽȣѼݾƵҩģ¶ػС
ڲҩʱ򣬶ʧһɽ
ʱȻûڵʵҲǴˣôᡮʧ䡯ԴԱ¶ػʶɽ϶йŹ֣ΪӪȶӣ¶Ͱ棬;ľ֮ɽ
ɽһźɫĻ棬ɢ޷ֿ
Ѷȥģ
üǻɫ֮⣬û쳣֮¶Ҳֻͨӣǣӱ渽֮ȫȼգ˲Ҿ徵Ľ;ľĹ߹һգץסӣҪӻקǣǻ澹Ȼͨӵ壬Ѳ;ľҲȼˣ
¶ͰҽУҲ˲˽ȥ
һȫɽ֮ǻͻȻңɫ̻˲û˶ӺĴػ˵ţһЦһһҹǽϨ֮󣬶ӵ˲ûڻеõĪĺôľ嶥ǿߣ
գܱʥ˼ǿߣ
½˿۾ǻйŹ֣أǻˣ
ûֱӻش𣬶ǻʵǺҰҲ͵˼㣬ƶðϮļƻǻ桭֣ǻָԭӣɽ֮У޷ûŲӱܣ϶ȥѰǻ棬취ٴμȡԺŸ˵ӱضɽȣ
˺ķͬص˵ͷǶӣʱ˿̣Ҳ϶ȥɽȡϺȻ֪˶Ҫȥǲȥǻ棬ߣɽɱӣ
ɱһģ
˵һ룬ͻȻס˶ͷȻƤߣɫʹͷʹ˼㣡
£ɣɡ
Ҫ˵ЩʲôǾҵͷʹ˵
Ҫ֪תֻصĹʧ˴󲿷ֵļ䣬һ˼ӵ⣬ͻͷʹѣ
ʲôѽʵ
½˿۾ǲǲɼڽɱӣǻ̫أҲ̫ǿˣ߲ν֮ѵѡǰѺɫϢ͸¶ǿߣǿȥǳͷһ䣬ҲǿϺ˼ô
ͷʹĺغ˿¡Ӣ
ϲûảԸûͺãϺЪţտϺȥ취Ϣй¶ǿߣ˵ţתȥ
¡ϣмɣۺʱǻ棬ǻ棬桭̫ǿˣ
ף
ѾǱս
й¶Ϣ鵹Ǽ򵥣ҵ˺ڹѸһֽͷϣֻ˵ӵڶɽȣ֮󣬶ӱض
ϳϵּǰձϾȹĺڹѸҲ룬̰Ϣǿߣܿ죬ˣ鶡ǿĳսȥķ򣬾ɽȣ
ðɣһУɽнˣ
˿ﻹЩɻһźɫĻ棬һգǿߣ澿ʲô·

ڽ˼·֮ʱ飬һɫĻȼ
׼ȷ˵һˮɽǣСľ棬ѾһµάͻȻȫȼɫĻ档
纣ݣ沢ûʲô쳣֮¶ҲֻͨӣɫϷ˵ɫ֮⣬ȥһͨĻ棡ǣɫĻһ֣Ͷӵźɫһǿ
Сľֻʣ°ɯأά˶ˣ֣ɯһ˹ȥҪץסҲ֮Уأ
Ӱֱ˻棬ۿҪˣ
գգ
ά˶ĬĬسڻ֮䣡
ɲǼ䣬ƺɫˣǿƥĻصȻûҿɯأֻάϣ
ءزɯδؿڣֵ̿Ĵ۾ƺʣάάСŻˣʲô𣿡
ɫˣ֮𣡡
άϵĻ棬ɯȵؽ˳


208 ֣
أɯֱۣɻ
ദĸŮѾϬɯϿ׷ʲô֮Դ˼֮൱ġֻءǡƻؼһԱ֤սʿԶʹִȥ
ƻֻأ
ɯһ˵üİĴʻ㣬ҲףӦɫɫйء
ɯ˼˵֮𣬿ڷشΣʱѷ˱ܻ棬٣ѹάôûûԭǱ˴˺󣬽˷״̬
ͷʶάʮˣûɫѽأץסص֣ȵ裬άΪʲôɫˣɫ˵ѽɫˣʶѽ
ܻشôص⣿Ц
ڰɯҲ׷أ룬ףأǿƥ֮ʱĻף˵ǿ棬ҪôѽҪôջǿΪʲôٺ٣Ϊάķ֮ղǣǵһսʿ
άǵһսʿ
Ƿսʿĺඡ
ţҲ˵
άĸ׻ĸףǷսʿ֮һ
˳˼·صɫٴα˱䣬д裬άСĸĸпǷˣ

˵ţάϵĻ氵Щ֮ͻȻе֣άάеİְ֣Ȼ˽ӣǸʮСũŷ˹ʥŷ˹
֣ά
άٴδһ˫ĿãȻԻȻǲ壬֣شѽά֪ڸ
˵ţάãȻĴ
֣֪Һ͸壬һҾ֮ᣬһΪ㰡ά۾ƺ֪˸֮󣬵õѪҲˣҸоõڶһ·ҵ˾ɭְشңҰ
Сľ˶סˣ
άĸףʥŷ˹ڰɭ֣
άһֻǸѰũͥǸûάѰףһطϲ磡ǣά˼ʥŷ˹ǵһսʿҲ˵˾ܹתֻص𣬱˵һ˵ǡŷ˹ǿ˺εȵز
ңΣʱͻȻðһǿ޷Ƶĵһŷ˹
磬ı磡
ѽŷ˹᲻Ϊ޵أΪ޵ϡ޵ʲô취Եֿأ
ɯ뵽Ъ֢ʹ˵ϡ
ظæչˣάᣬӺڿŸס

ҵĳ棬ά˶һ̾쳾µµˣο׹޾ֻ֮Уˣȥɣ˵۾

һ棬ɭֶǡ
ɱպڻˣߵķںɫɽȡ
Ѧ˹ˣ
ӵĽĴСסǿѾɽȸˣǲҪ׷ӣֻѦ˹Ĳ𣬼˵ѹ𣿡
ףȥӪڻ𸲸ǣѶӺľӷָ
ܺãȥٻأ
䡭
̺ʽǵڻܿͰѶӺľӷֿˣָӾѹ࣬ҲԺͶӻ͡
ⳡ棬кˣལȥɽȿϷ
ིŤͷ۸أأǲȥ𣿡
˳ཱུĿ⣬Ͽ˲ڴϵĺʱƬ̺ͷʹתȻ֫ȻȻѾûд󰭣ǲ̫
ʵȻҲرǿĸ֣ͷʹǲˣüչɡҡҡͷûдϺͼ
ö⣬ϺȻʶһȤ⡣
һӣĸǼЪ֢ǼЪʧ֢ں˸Ъͷʹĺ
ֱҽѧڶӰ
Ǿ仰óʣͨڿƼЩƻܴ׵Ҫ鷳ľ񼲲
Ҳֻܶˣ
ɽڶٶ๫֮⣬ԽϵٶȲʮӾ͸ϵˣӵ˱죬Ѿ
Ѧ˹뾫屾ԩֻҪ¾֮ᣬǱ뿪
ɽǸСأ˵ĶѨصҲǶӵĿ꣬ˣ鶡ĿԪ˧˰ѽɽȵС·סˣΧŶɱУͲػסˣһ˶սǿߡ

ĻũƵضӵҡͷȷ˵Ҳûо֮ᣬô
ЦҡͷӣµЩϷĻԾ˰ɣֻ˵һ䣬֮᣿
ȻţǾսɣ
˵꣬һӱǣѣһǧ׳ʮ״֣˫ľ޴۾ߡϮľһͷޣյĻѻõӡ֤ӿ϶Ϯ֣
ԭǾóεĵ³ͷޣǺ
һЦкСģӵսѾﵽʥ˼Ķ壡鶡ˣնӵ˫ĿԪ˧㹥ͷҴߴ磬ɺã
սֺˣ֪ǰ˭첻˵ʱϽˣңûʥ˰æǻò¶ӣ
һЦӣɱǣ
һսݱ
Ͽֱ̣˵иʦǷѽⳡ棬һȫȥȺŹ۵ýƣΣգú㡭
飡飡飡
˵һ룬ͻȻסĿڣʹ
׼ȷ˵ӱ޵һɲǣϵƺܵʲôӦͻȻԳˮƽٱٶ
˵ϵɳƨǿԶʤˣҲס
뵽ļЪԲˣѵҲҪϼЪಡ𣿡
ϿЦοԼɫҲԽԽˡ
ǰսҲڼٱ仯
ӱ޺ףһ˦βɽȸһɽͷˣߴߴ磬ƽߣǵսǲϧұ仯ʲôѰߣ˵ţƾ˴Լϣӵβ;ɽݺͷ
ۣ
ҵ뷢裬߾Ȼ˺ˣս󡭡ˣʶ㣬֪ʲôʲô㣿
ػĲͷ۵ʥˣҲȫ֪ȫܣң˭ȥ
ӣʮ
ĿԪ˧ͻȻе֪ˣϷү˵ʼһͼڽ棡ݻӣӱ仯ߣĵʮӣ
ӵһЦ仯ģǴĵһߣͼڵľԴȪ࣬ɱңұǿһͼڵ
һǿͳͳɫ䣡


209 Ѳ˵֮һƨ¾1
˵ӵСͼڡʱϵɫҲˡ
ΪʵԽԽǿӴǿԽԽ࣬϶Դ½Ҳ˽˽⣬֪ͼζʲô
׼ȷ˵½ϵΣģǾžŰʮһͼ֮·ҲƷżͼµǿߣĿڽ϶εĶ塣
вģʥ˼ˣأལɸҲΡ
Խʥ˼ģﰲԯ׶Ϊ
һεǿ£սȥܽС˵ġͼڡ֮žһΣ
߸ɴЩӱ֮ǸﰲᲢ۵Ĵڣ
ӾȻóͼڵѾƿصˣСģʶѾƿأæǿ̾ʹԸལĿʹܣ쿴嶫ˣ㶢ս
֪ͷЦ˵ȻԴҪʲôأ
ϵѾûѪɫҧ㶢ߣо߹ʱƽߣǾ׼͵Ϯ߳ĿƷΧ̱ߣ𣿡
˰죬Цٺ٣
׾ͺã
˿ϱ۾
飬飬飬ҲԽԽ죬أ˼άӾȵȸожȶ½͵㡭
ԵǰһӣЩڣ֪ʹϼˡȻȲϺͷԣ٣Ҳʧȥжʱ׼ȷľϧԭ֮½Ҳûкҩֶ

ұǿһͼڵ
ӵɽлصٴαǣبգȻ֮ȽǰռľľҲضˣңӵβҲѿ˾ڱľ޴βһĸɽ
СģæС
һж̫ˣ
˦βɽٴҵͷβҲ׷װɽƵ˳
ٶȿѸףɽ
ܸƴΨһ˽ĿԪ˧ȵ
ƴǸô򣿡鶡˶һɽŭʵ
⡭
ĿԪ˧ЦϷүûԤϵ˼䣬ԣû˵ƽİ취ߡȻߴЧǾ͸ƴݣƴƵȥϹ˫ۣ
Ϲҵ۾
ĿԪ˧СǶӻˣȻҸᣬɣȻķ˹ٶȡ
Ȼţˣթб·˫ۣ
ĿԪ˧սģֻӭͷƤһȥγһ޴˫д󽣣˶ӵۡ
ˢأ
ӵ۾ͻȻһҰɫĹ⻪Ŀܲ⻪ɨȻžžĴ첻ڶĿԪ˧ӣȻʯˣ
ɯʯۣ֮Ŀ׹䣬ҲϳһУ
Ȼɯʯۣ֮ǿٱģӵͷЦĿѾˣľԴȪ㻹ҹҵ۾ɯҲߣʯۣ֮ԴңҲʯ֮۵ڣ
ӵʯ֮۵Ķӡ
ҲĿ޴ֻʵ̫ˣû֪սص㣡
ĿԪ˧ʯ׹䣬ܣ
һ
ӵĿѰҶ֣鶡ͷϣóôôûҽеĻߣⲾûҪҽ㿴һⲵĵһ𣬽̫˼ǿ棡
˵ţӵСЩɫⲾ̬
鶡ˣ
ر۾Ҳ֪鶡ⲾĶ֣
ֻǡ
鶡սܵʱ䣬Ըӵİ취ȻҲûл·
˼άƴ룬ӿ϶ģΪֻǵ³ı仯ǣʲôأ
ࣿ
󱳣
Ǵԣ
Ҫͣ

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ʱ鶡˵Ĳҽдﲻˣоӣоӣ
Ȼһûƾ˾ԲǶӵĶ֣ǾֻȺŹˣǿŻڶҲܺɣǴȵʥʿţ֣ȫ֧Ԯлȫ֧ԮҰ
а֣ˣ׼ǻңһоԵİճǣ
һЦͻȻøӴȴúȻ磬УΪͷ죬βأзɽ֮
˵ţӵľβͳͳ£һΡ
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ӵͼԣսϰգʹʥʿ޷֧Ԯ
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Բٹжٴ㲻ͽǱӸ
ѽǲǸ˵ģʱأ
ͷ룬˵ҪĴӦߣʹӮܡţܴܲӮأ
Ŷӡ
ཱུ۹һ㣬ҲоˣǶӵĵ³仯϶ĳ㣡ǣһʱҲʲô
ͷɵˣˣོӣ˵ҵ㣬ǡҪҪأǱŸѽ
˼ά֮ʱ
ϱ˦ɵ֮УȻ
һ
սģȻԸǿģҲ⣬һͿɱĶǺԥһβ˦˹
ǣͷڷɵ
򣬻ܣ
ͷȻץһҶһƬһƬ򣬲򣬴򣬲򡭡ٺ٣ེôأЩҶ˫ʹ򣬵Ͳ򣡿ʲôǵʲô˫أЪʧ֢ѽϸˣ

磬βҵ˽ϵͷ
ѾΪʹˣûз֮
޵ϣ𿴵˽ϣȣٶȲ
ҲˣҲģ粽Ҳ޷뿪
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ۣ
ΣͷͻȻųһƨ
˳㣬ͷƨųˣʵǶ˶Ѽˣ
ǡ
ᵽƨĳζ̬ĶһȻЩѳֲס׹䣡
ƽĶۣƨû̺ʲôǿͼ֮һͨͨƨɾƨ޼ĵȼݸģ˸ƨʶԼϵȼߵˣ
ϻֻܣ
ϳƨҲֻиһ;
㾿˭
֪̬ڽǰȫʧЧӱᾫģ䶢ŽϺʡ
ѽϵĳֻ޵̬
ϻʹԣȻܻش𡣶ӵòӦغһ˵ǲ˵ѹΪսʤô³ǧ򻯣һи߼㿴һھӣ


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Ȼǻս׼ȷ˵ѣ
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εҡҡͷά
ֻά˫ĿʧƵ·ǰһߣһŷ˹ˣܡԶԽԶ
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ҿһͷͨɽǣ½ûаҲаʮ򡣡ĻԪ˧Ҳҡͷ
ռϷүԶʱһòͨޣ׷ʵ
ĿԪ˧룬ͻȻɫУУʮ𾦾ŮʥˡӣӾһͷǣѪǡأֻУӣŮѪǣΪǿ񻰴˵еĴڣϷүҲ˵ǵص㡭ӱ仯ģǧҪѪǲźã
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벻ȴˣ
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ҳһ㣬Ҳ벻ף
룬ƨԭĲʲôޡƨĺܸ߼Ҳ͸ϰǾôһŵȻѪǵĵȼߣѹӣĵһͷǣеĵĴޣ
ʵӡ
ƨǰȷ߼ͻƽں֮󣬲ĳ䣬ѪҲ޷޵ȼ֪ЩӸ֪ѹԼսȥתߡ
ϻԣཷĿǶӺ׵ɽ룬ȵǿߣѦ˹ٴθ˵ɽ
һйƽ
ôƣһʶ˵ƷԼĻЦĿϵܣӽ֮ǰǾ仰𣿿´սŸոտʼһѾܶԸˣǿǿߡ
볷ˣ
Ŀҡҡͷ֮ỹûе֣ǲܳ𣬱Ҳ˵ռŵ۹߸ȾǧƽһЦˣȻЭᣬҲжʮʥʿȾΣգΪ˾֮ᣬҲƴˣ
һתҲҪǰҾ͸ţϷүԹˣʱ䣬Ϸүһ͵ֻһ죬ʮʤ㣡
ռϷүԼ٣Ȼøɬ
Ŀ۾Щ⣬ԼʯۣЦҺαƭ㣿һ죬Ϸүͻؼ֣ʱ򡭡رۻԵĽϣʱһжϷү٣ɫѿĪǲ뻶ӭϷү
ȻǣϷү䣬ôܲӭأѹͣϷүҲΪ˾֮ģ
һΪ˾֮ᣡ
һ롭
ĿڶŽϣһ룬Ϊ޵ϣ


211 ڷˣ
ϷүΪ޵϶ĪϷүУ޵ϵҪԱ¹ľ֮ỹҪҪ
ĿԪ˧˵ϷүĿ꣬ȻһЦ΢˼ˣϷүҲ޵㲻ԿףҲץס޵ϣ㲻ܰɣ
Ϸү˼ҿԲ¶ȵģ
ĿԪ˧ûشתסɽĶڣʱпɱ𣬻һӦ԰ɣ
ɫͻȻ
Ŀ˵Ĳ˵ȡ֮ᣬϷүҲᾡʰо֣ǵ鲻ϹϷүǰϦʱأ
õİ취Ȼǽֹ붴УܶѨʲôһɻɱ
ǺӾǰʥʿԹ˲ϾﻹиԸӣ
Ǿغ÷
ƨ⣡
Ѿȡˣ˭ʱڶ⣬ڵȶӳɵô
׸Ǻأ
˼ȥһʱҲòõ⣬ҧΪ֮ƣֻŽһпŽ׷ɱѨˣԪ˧ŵסô
ʯĿԪ˧Ц˰ӶѣģСô
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ϻԣཻڷܿͰǴ˶ڸֵǣϸȦȻûҵ鶡˺ˣˣԶǿҶƽ£ô鶡˷ҲûشӦʧٰ
࣬ࡣ
࣬ࡣ
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رڻ³Ĺзġ࡯ԽԽ󣬽أɭֶһƬС
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Ĺʬ֣˿Ҫ֪ʬֵĴȻ£ȴ˺ˣҿĸھӺʬӣƺҲսֲӰ졣
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ˣʲô
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˵ת
㣬ôˣ
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˵ʵ˸ղŵһֲӣ˼ɽһֻɫˣǿޱȣ׼ܵʱͻȻһֻͭͭԼֶԿˡ
ûнյ鱨öЩ
εҡҡͷˣҲ㷢ʲôǿƶߣڶӽ֮ǰƻѨ
ҪǸѨ
۶ڣֿ˿ʬֵķ򣬸ЦٵȵȰɣֻǽȥ
ȥǻô죿Ϊ˾֮ᣬֻƴˣ
ָŶŭ壬˵֮ˣ˵ٵȵȡĪǿԮɽǹ
ҲǲԣԵƬ̣ǿԮ
¶һ˿˿ĵ⣬ʬֵķ󺰣Ĺˣһźٴظ˴ֺڷˣһս
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࣬࣡
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ˣѵؿźڷˡ
˵һ룬ͻȻ뵽һΪµĿܣѵλͭսʿҲ޵ϵƨѹˣǡûȫѣûһعȫ䣡
û϶ûһȫ䣬ȻͭսʿܿźڷŰ
ԽԽܣҲԽԽ¡
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뵽תߡ
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ಣ
ɽͻȻһ̣ͷɢȻͬһڴѷԲɽȶһ֮ô
Ѧ˹Ӱںл֣ʮɫ˫ᣬһŭĿѪħ
ˣȻôͳˣ
뵽˶ӻȴû뵽ô죬żӰֶûд룡
˿̣ңɬͭսʿûоѣȴ
ĿԪ˧̾һϷүС̺ˡˣµֻƴˣ
ƴֲ㣡
ӵĿĿԪ˧ɨֳҡҡָ˽ߡ
ϻ߻š
㣡ӵָ˵ཱུţֳԶһָ뿪
뿪ΪʲôѽཻһҶʵ
սҺ
ӵŽϣĺʼŨսӿ
ɶҪ磿
ͷˣ֪ǶӵĶ֣ſڽϣ޵ཱུķƱཱུıûˣཾͶ
ɫҶ޵ûȤ޵Ͽߣ
޵Ͽߣ
һ˶סˡ
ǰֻʣ˽Ϻལ˶ˣǻ˭ѽ
Ƕ˿ûпЦ˼ѹض޽Ǿóϣҹƽһսֻƨˣ⼶ǿΪ
ѵڶ޵ϵ˵
˶ӵĿ꣬ȻŵŽϵĿڡ
˵ĿҲ

ԵĽϣͻȻһġ
̲


212 
ڣƨ˵ĵһ仰Ȼˬọ̇̄ѣν̷֪ǧ٣ǸѾͺȱǺѽڽϵʲô
⻰¶һ˿ȤЦ⣬ѳƨ͸ϣһԭƽϣһԭöƨƢеܲˣͲøæͳȥ
ĿԪ˧ҲҡͷЦ
ȴΪ˵ˮʡ˰ɣһսҪϣ
˵úãжɷҪսұսʹ죡
ƨ̾Ǽƣƺһë׳ҪƺȣϵȻҪսҷ㣬Ĺ֮һúӺɷһŵǧһĭһм仰ұ˵ǰͷñ˳ЦΪç򣡡
΢ͷ˵
Ȼˬ죬ǺǱ𻰣
ƨһ仰ΪǿߣսҪʦ˵˵ڳˣΪֻҲţ
ɱ㣬ѩܣ
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˵ĺúõģϾҪˣСһôͻȻðôһȫû߼ԵĻ
ӻСһˣһЦˣ
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Ȼ£ΪҪߣ
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仰ٿңһδһսСʮ»̥ǧÿֵĳиԵʱޣûʱ̣ȴҳһ˵ǲף˰˶ȣ˵ʱִҳսɥһӢۺܵĶҾҲǸú̼㱳ԡƿ̣ѣȻ߰ɣ
ÿڲţȻÿڲţӵЦȴЩ䣬䣬ɱ磬˹ףѲʲôˣҲںһΣ
ƨƵش󺰣жɷ򣬾
ȻˣǾͺһȥɣ
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ס֣ƨͻȻһȻСˣұȫ㣬ҵƬ̣һս
˵ţϵĿڡǰɡһ죬һɫĹâ˳

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ֻǣСһЩࡣ
СһԭֻС˼֣Ҳֻһߣһëףལ̴̴ֵֶ֫ģֱһС
Сһ֡
˵
էһСһƤëƣལСзۣСͷۣСԱ߻ɫĺ룬һֹֻȵļӷèϸһСһϻһŤŤǿԱϳġ֣ϻ
Сһ϶ϻΪϻĶͷֶǶ˶ģСһϣһᣬһЩǱˡ
ɣ
ѽ
Сһ֣˻ûзӦཱུ۾ͻȻˡ
ſˮܵСһߣͻȻٺһЦ򣡡
ӺɷвգȻһû֣϶򣡡
Сһ˵ֻϧֻС̫̣أ̫֣ƺھ죬һԹҪ۸ң˼һûꡯӡ
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СһŭҲҲգմսڼҲƽϣÿ
򣡡
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򣬴⣬Ǳ
ˣˣ
Сһڵϵ¡
ѽզûأ¡
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Сһﱻú˱ӣÿһһսҪ򣡡
Ŷÿ
ίؾͣת뿪ŤͷԺҪུѽ
Сһðһݡ
Ĩ飬СһϷƵڱһǵԲͲƿѱͷĲ˵ݡ
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СһͻȻٴδУ˵ڱϣɫ̺ȶˣȥ򣬻ս㣡
΢΢üͷ
Сһ￴ûзԣķԲض㵽һŴ档
꣡
洫
ʮӹȥˣһֱټСһࡣ
ӹȥˣûֹͣҲûôʱİɣ
һӣꡯԽԽ죬ҺȻЩԾ嵽һ
ģ
ֻʣһƿϷˮСˣ
ԭСӳ˷ƨŻ֮⣬һռӣں廨ͷ

ѣƱ߳ŭǧҪźã
ûпƨӰӣţԾ˶ӡ
ӵķӦܹ֣˵һճСһӾûеŭҲӦɫԲǣǣѦ˹ﾹȻһ˿ɣʲôҪǹСһ֮ĵ⡣
ԣ鲻ԣ
Ȼһϸ¶Ӹ֮ľ亹
ǡʱĿԪ˧ʵиõԤС
ԤУǿ϶ӿ϶йŹ֣
ʱ䲻࣬Ѹٵһǿ߶ԾߣǶӸֱ֮˿ǿĳսѡͲϳҪɱֱӳ־ǣα˵ôĻ˷ʱ䣿㿴ˣ֮󣬶ӵĵ顭ģˣӸûֻ֣ó뿪
ó뿪
ĿΪʲôҪó뿪
Ϊѹ̫ǿˣߣҳѽ
˵ᣬӻˣϷŰؽ͵
һ˵һǣžžǣ͸ı䣬˵ˡ
ЦǺǵôðɣҿԽ͵ĸЩǳѹ̫ǿˣȻһۿûʲô汾£ƫƫǰ֣ඣֻȰѳƳһϷߡ
ʼ磬ڳڣڿԷӳȫˣҲûбҪðѦ˹ˣ
˵꣬ӵĺò仯ϣȻһάòƵŹ塣
ܾҲѦ˹


213 ɱ׵ɱ
ڼٶ˵Ĺɽ߳ˣһĶѦ˹
ʣ϶Ƕӽ붴Ѩ̺֮˽ݡٳ߳ƨģ壬ҲѨдǸˡ
߳ĵڶޱȳԾ
Ȼʧٵ鶡ˣ
鶡ˣ
ŭȻͶվһ𣬻ôͶУ뱻ȫô
£죡
鶡ȻŭҸЦݣԵ˵ˣûʲôͶе飬㿴˭쾭壡
ϸ˿壬ʮ꣬òάãҵǰμҶ졣
ѵҵĳԱ
ţǵģˣ
ŵЦҵһŷ˹ŷ˹أ
˽ӣά˹ũũ
˵ʵ治ϤСũŷ˹ڵάʱ˳ŷ˹׵ݡ
Ȼһ֮
ŷ˹ʮǰôôУ鶡Ϊ˵ģ
ϧŷ˹ûи̫˼ʱ䣬滺ֱۣЦѦ˹ĳƨѾˣ˵ɣϣʲô
ӾϹʦɱˣͳһ壡
ԣ
ŷ˹赭д˵̬ȾǾһȺϵ
ٿ죬죬ȫû˺߳ƨʱĆº̣һ˲ƵĿǰ棬ץסʺ

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ŷ˹Ŀ˽ϺϣһԣһɵӣɱǣĺȤѦ˹ͳһϰܵô
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ɭֱ޺Уܶ˶ץиĵĹأ˭ɽҰץޣǾ˭ģ
ԺڹѸԤϵشСһ

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ںڹѸ뿪֮󲻾ãʮбѪǱʥʿҲҵɽȡ
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̧ͷѡһңңϹ
˵Ƕˣӽ߾ǵͷ죬̣Ѱһ֮ߣ


214 ѩɽ
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ΧĻ΢΢һ
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˵Ȼηһ͵ص㡣
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͵ѩɽ˵δڣɭֵľƾͻ᳹ʣأھǰƶϳսսʮѩɽ˻ʱ򡭡ˣѩɽ˲Ż棬Ϊ޴ѩɽѩɽ˶ŵһбҲȡ


215 ³ʥսװ
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ѩūǣս࣬ˣѾˣС˭ʤߣ


216 㾳Կ
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⣬ʮĶ鱨濴ƸӣʵޱȣʵɭǿĿ϶ŷ˹Ͷӣͳһ壬Ǽ֮ڵ顭
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϶صͷû죬ŷ˹϶ȥᣡǾսӮң
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˶·кѩɽ֮ۡ
˼ֽϵɫƽˣʵˣղŵ󼸾仰˼Щأѩɽ˵Ŀǣ˭ǾսӮңǣûи׼ȷѽ
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̾ΪѩɽˣϱͲҾľƣҴ鱨ʮʱ䣬ʵֻͨԼףҵˣȡѩɽ˵飡
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ϸ룬Ц˼ѩɽ˸Լʶѩɽ۵ʳĸѩɽ㹻أ
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ѩɽ˵˼Īǡ
ϻŵ㾳Կף
죬ɵ㲻ѾƷͼʮǿߵĸˣõԿס
ƷͼԲ룡
ǲпܴʥ˵ľ磿
ò˵ѩɽһھͰѽϵȫԶ̲סðɣҳϣǰ̫ջˣñʧ˵Ҫȥʲô
æ
ѩɽ˵Ȼ㵶ԿףֻǱ֤ĵһΪ˳ﵽĿ꣬һ׼˵ڶ
Ļѩū͸һѩ͵İɫ¡
ѩɽ˽͵£֤ѩɽ˵ͽѩɽ˹ŵӵݣᣡ
ѩɽͽ
Ѿʶѩɽ˵Ҫԣ֪ܾܾͽݣǣףѩɽͽݻܴرĺô
ƺ˽ϵ뷨ѩūȻҪСö£ʹĶּɵڴѩɽ˺㣬ͬʱƾö£㻹Եõѩɽͬʦֵܵİ
ʦֵܶ˭
ѩūȻһЦõ幫ˣտԸ㣬ľʦ֣
Ӹ߰õ幫ֻͽܣҪʦֵܰæʱ򣬼סһ仰½ߴͼңԴѩɽ


217 ܵ
ߴͼ棬ԴԴѩɽ
˵ʵýľһܿͼң൱ǿĵ۹ѩɽ˵ʵôﵽʲôز
ϲûл仰ʵԣѩɽˣûҪ鿪Ц
ҽҲûȥˣ
ѩɽ˸ʵ̫ˣöپҪ٣ѩɽ˵ҪǺεȵѣ
뵽ϵɫ
ѩɽ˻һǧ겻ĵĮ˺ôҲ˵˵ʲôˡ
ؿϷҸ鱨дĺŷ˹ʬ֣ڷ˺ȥ˴ӣ֪Ϊʲôȥ𣿡
Ͻһ벻ʦָ㣡
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊߣ
ѩɽ˵ֹ賿Ѿɢʮ߸۹ϵĴ½඼вһǧ˸Ⱦ֣Ϊǧң
ϵͻſȵ޻˵
Ϊ˾֮ƴĳ棬Ѿʶߺˣû뵽ⳡ߾Ȼݱ䵽ֵز
Ⱦһǧǧ˿ֲ߽û
ⳡߣѾҽѧʶ̫ˣ
˵Ѿ˿ֻźͶ֮Уֱõˣ
޵ϣһ⣡
𾪣ѩɽ˵ͻȻһ˿Цݣ΢Цݱ䵽ֵز˵˭ͷʹ
ȻǸľ
ѿڵŰضֻţ򣬾ýṹ׵£ȵһжʧأΪάȶһͷʹ򡭡
˵һ룬Ϸѩɽ˵ЩʧһĿڵͷʹģˣ
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ϴˣ

ѩɽ˷Ц̶̰֮䣬ǧΪΰЩӿĹ꣬ڹǰ±ֻ֤˵ЦΪ˽⣬۵ѣһ˼ˣ
Ҳ̲סЦˡ
ȷ̫࣬鷳ҲԽ࣡
ѩɽ˼ǰΪֹѾʮαЩʧȥ˶ĿƣΪƽϢⳡѣ˼䣬ܼᣬһжԹͬߵİ취
뵽ѩɽ˶ᵽӣ̽ۻĵص㣬ڴӣ
ѩɽ˵ͷصǴӵ̲߱ʱº󣬳ϯߣֻܹʮλ䣬ֵݡ
ѩū
ѩūӿڵڹȥİԼͬسһţ˵֮ⳡߡԣһҪֵģζȡ֮ᣡ
ŷ˹鷳ˣ
Ц
ǵģŷ˹õ˾֮ᣬʹΪʸ֮ģŷ˹Ҳ
ѩɽ˵ǰ죬ŷ˹õ˴ӾۻϢ֪Լס֮ᣬʹһƣͨ䣬˵ԸѾ֮ṱ׳ֻ֮һֻܸһˣڸ˭
ѩɽ˵ЦгȤζŷ˹ҪҪ֮ᣬͱóͬȼͼڱòǾɻٵ֮ᣬҲԸ
;֮ͬȼı
Ǿֻв³װеˣ
Ҳ˵
º󣬴ӣܿͬʱּ³װ
ѩɽ˴ɫ˽ϵ뷨ͷĲ֪ȻЭѾԸսȨ֮ᣬ˹۹Ҳóǵסò³װҲиԵһº󣬴ӽʮ𶯴½Ĵ˵У³װ
˵ѩɽ˱ζؿ۽ϡ
޵ϣҪʲô𣿡
ϿЦŵͷ
ѩɽЦûҪȥӣף֮ᣬսȨȣ³װҴ

ѩɽ˵Ҫ󣬽Ϻܳʱ䶼û˵
̲סԹʦҪ³װʦֵȥǶ㰡αȥ⼸ɵ񣿡
˭˵ûп񣿡
ѩɽҡͷЦ޵ϣһӣ³װУսȨõо˸пܵõ·ʮУСʵ۵Ĺϵõײǲܡھ֮ᡭѾĸӹˣоĹæõ֮ϣҲ޵ϣȥӣǶһ޶ѡ
ѩūһ޵ϣ㻹ԥʲôĪΥʦԸ
ΨпЦԳȻʦˣѧģҲȥô
ãҸʮʱ׼ʮǰӣ

ϱѩū˴ѩɽེͼҲһͬ뿪
ⳡ棬Щȣֱ˵ѩɽôѽ֮󣬾Ȼһ߶𣿡
˵꣬Լͷӳˡ
ѩɽҪӽϣһڽʱ˵ʲôֹ賿Ⱦһǧ򣬹ǧͨѶֶμԭ֮½ѩɽ˾ȻܶʮСʱȫ½߲飬鱨ֲʲôز
ӵ鱨ѩɽˣҪرӽ
˵ˣϵļ˾ڴѩɽ棬ڱѩɽ˿ʣˣϸѵô
ΨһĽֻʵʵȥӣ
֮ǰϻһһˮɽǣ˸
ǼһˮɽǵӣϾˣ
Ĵסˣȼѩɽ˻Ҫ𾪣
ֻƶɽ룬Ѿɽ£һ̺ĳֵĹŴȺϿЩȺĲ֣ΧûԵɭɭʣЩĳ󷨽ġ
⣬бݶֻɫɫɫɫ
ɫĽʶǾľȸҪӲʺ±ݵĲϡ
ɫĺͺɫġ
սսʮˣд󲿷ʬ嶼ʬֳԵˣʬ壬Ͷ˱ݲϡ
ţɫǹͷɫѪ
Χɭɭɰ׹Ѫͣģһˮɽǣֱһɭ޵
ɭ޵ҪɭҪֲ
ǡ
ɴ۾ӶɳˣˣǼ𣿡
Ҳˣʱ䣬뿪Ҳһµʱ䣬һ£ԼҾͱˡɫʵ˷˼
ӭƽ
ţںﺣŨ˳ǽϵߣһƽ΢Ц
۾һŭ㻹˼ѽѩɽˣ֪˱ϼһƳʲô𣿡
֮²ƽô
΢΢һЦϽ͵£ֻ̬ܰȥѩɽȥѩɽ㶨ѩɽвЩ飬ȴɱ㡣
ˣ㣬Ҳô
һ仰ʹ˹ȥ飬ָŨ˵ǡðɣ̫Ҿˣ
ЦݸӴݣ£Ӧ£һ½ǿһˮɽǣǵһµĳɹ
ϲûɹŰ۵ڲĽҪͣĽͣһ£һ˾ͽһ±ݣ
һ˵ȻЩһˮɽǣȫŽ죡
ţ
ϺȻԼڿͯ£һ£ݳˣôҲˣ


218 
ţһԼľţ
ϹŹֵźƺڿһ̫˹
ǵģȫľţȻĿǰֻһǧˣɻɢǸֻ֣ҪԼӵ̣Ϊһֻɨ½Ķӣ
ҲŽϣеԸǳԣָŨտڰ׻ǣΪһһ˵ڵı仯
λеصͷź߽Ũ
˲ãֻǰһʮ׸ߣ׹͵ļ̳š
Ϻһңдţһˮɽǡ
ʮòſڣȻǿȥһӾɭϵǣʮü䶼͸һɭζѪ˱ǣһǳڵɽѪ⺷ʿ

ʮԶԶƼϣ׷׾Ϲ͸һɽڳݵĸм
ҪػЦЦ£ĳž䲿ӣܹһٶʮˣʮְࡣ
ϵͷȻû˵ҲоˣʮĶƷͼʿ
һٶʮ˵ĳž䲿Ӷˮƽ
̵ģҹǰѴŵģ൱һͨװˣ
ôģ
ھ̾д˰׹ǳš
˳ţǰһεĺ··ʮ׹ǷݣϸһݵǽڶǿԻģżһӴ򿪣¶ġȻǺڿڣ
ʣЩ׹Ƿݣ
̲סʵϺЩڡ
ЦսʥʿŲսȴȴ仨ˮšǺǣ˸ʥʿĲб棬ΪʮڣΧġӪȺ
ԭ͵ȻЭģ
ĴͷѾ˵ζˡ
һκ·һĹ㳡ǰͬǰ׹ǺѪֻͣǹ㳡һʮ׸ߵĵǽϵӡ
Χŵģһ֧ǧҵľӣ

ϳ֣ǧ˻׶
˷ָܵЩˣȴƽػ˻֡
ź⶯һӸõĹǰЦĬ潫ٸ֣Ժ󹥳ǰկϰһٺ٣ıûУٻǧʬɱȴһѺ֣
ĬһȻϢƷżͼʦ
ûƷż壬һ꣬ܽͼˣ
ĬȻڣҲܳµذʮǿߣ
֣ĬǸǱ޵ĸ֣
ֻ˸֣ôͶԼˣ
˼һɭɭŮ˹Ц˼Ⱥ˼ҲĬܴɱ˼ǹϵͼʦڱ㼸ˣ˳Ԯֵһ£Ҳģ
һЦ񣬺ةల˼ͳٽãĸսӡ
Ȼû˵꣬һ٪ƵĴԴϽ£ڵأԼ࣬ͼƷͼʦó󷨣ΪڵĽͷ
Ͼȵղҿ˳ȫһƺͽģ
ͼͷңһˮɽǵķŬĽ
˵һԡ
½½ʮ棬ó˲ţа̾˵ֻѾ˴½ǿĳΣȻ˵ģ
ǣϻǵ͹ֻŵ
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ǣһˣ
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ۣ
һϵİ׹һֻٻáŵڶ
һˮɽȫѪͰ׹ͣͼڵٻ£İ׹Ǻʬ嶼ʬ飬棬ǡһһ·ж˹
ǡ
㿴ˣԭǰľȫͼɣ
һǧͼڣʬ͵ĳ淢ٻһ˲ٻ鲿ӣ
ϸ㲻ˣΪǰĴѾ֣һߣ飡

ǰǿԼƴԼ侲ȻЦеؿۺϺڿԸһô
ˡӦΪ͵ģֻǰ黹ûüĿſڿӣһˮɽѾǿΣȻͿΪ˵ˣ
վڽߣ΢Ц£ǰȰӪȺڹѸ⣬ҵĽͣʹӪȺڹѸ˵𣡡
˵꣬кĬĬǴ½еǿս˵һ˵Ϊμµһˮɽǣ
ĬٺһЦϣֹأҲֻǸͼڣʮǰݱƳˣҲ׷ɱʮ꣬ʮˮ⹷ʮ꣡
ε̾˿ʮ갡׷Ķˣڰǰ˵˹طˣһ˾ʹ˼򶫺ǸеĴӢۣع飬԰￴һ
ָУЦû뵽һѾһˮɽǣ鹫棬˵ͼֻҪһˮɽǣ͵õı٣ǰԥɶͱξ
ϲؿۺ
ʱҲԱ߽Ц˼Ҳǰ˼ұ׷ɱ·ţ뵽ɭֱһܣ룬๫޵ؽһˮɽǡ˼Ҿ룬޵ͬܲǰӪȺڹѸǣĻܸṩһ֮ѽ˼Ҳ
𣿡
˽ʱ򣬺ȻѹЦȰӪȺڹѸĿжһɱö岻ɱͼǿһ鶼֪һ޵ϣݣұͼڣһͼеʹﵽߵ㣬ֻҪһǺǣǧһ¼齨ˣ
˺˼ľӣɿ𣿡
Ȼʮɿ
ɫǵĳƺ֪ʱգҲϳƺΪ£ֻгļҵҵ̲ӲɿɿֻҪ¾ļԦһ죬ֻӻȫ
ѹͣ⣬һǳ㲻ԿסģЩˡ
ϵͷֹǵһӾ£ôͼڣ࡭ݵ𣿡
˵Цˣ
Цʱգ»ҪĿҲ˵ʱţûʱݡ£๫а££ҲΪβƴһټ飬һĹȣ
Цݱǵú˵ġʱơļ飬ʱһɳĵһ


219 ġơ
ʱ𣿡
ϲźȺϸ͡
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ɫ£ͼڣȻĿᣬǧǰȻЭ䲼ɱҪйҲҪʬ嶼Ҫѹ֮£ǻ̻̲գԹޣǿ˺εȳ̶ȣ
Թ޵̫ãܻ᳹ױģ
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ƣ
ҲԹ㣬飬аˣ˰²Ҫһ鶼Լ£ֻҪһ룬߸Щʮ֮һʮˣӵ˺εȿֲ
ͼڣƾٻţܵõʮ飬Ǿ͵ǰǧңľӲҪڲҪ֧֣˵Ҫκδ۾ͻΪ󣬶ҺηԽԽ࣡
緢£һɣӵǴ½һǿһǿˣ˭
Ѿ˵Ѫڣ
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ġ
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磬ʲôѽེ˹
ָŹ㳡ģԼĵལҸһŴֻҪǿһȭҺ񣡡

ཱུ۾ˣɲܵ˭ֻҪбǾһӶȻͣȻȭӳ
ۣ
ʮ׸ߵĸһȭ˿һ紵촷м
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뽭ҵľӡ
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ϵĵǳȨΪʲôҪҵ
Ǻܺ棬ΪʲôԼĵ񣬶ô
ʼ磬ܼ򵥣ʦΪѾ˴ѩɽѩɽ˵Ĺŵӣصأֻѩɽһ˵ĵͼ֮ڣʦѩɽٴһõ𣿡
õ
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ʶģĬ;ΣȻЦ̵ģѩɽ˳Ժֻаˣû˸Ŵ
ЦֻҪǽҵˣû˸鷳ͼڣ
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ںܳһʱڣҵľӣġ

ǲɢӣȥĸء
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ǵҽѧԺʱ򣬰ɯȻ˳˵޵ϵļңҪԼƣԼƣ
ɯǳĸ˭ҲҷԣԺƾɯȥˡ
ڰɯˮƽ
Ŀǰֻ˵ûдˡ
ĸ֮󣬽ȥһ׹Ǵʱһӵľںӡš
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ة࣡
ְЦԷǣ˵ʵҪһʵĳУȴû˼ʲôʵ۾
ȻˣԼٲЩģȥɣ
ţϰѴӻ˺ֻ˵㿴Ű죬£ҷģ
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һ磬Ͻེͼװһ̷뿪˽ɽǣһǣϾèóһֻܲ
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ѩɽ˸ĵԿףһֻܲ
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϶ֱܲۡ
ʲôͼ֮⣬ôܲ
ѩɽ˲ˣҰɣ
ҡҡͷǰ㵶ľ飬ѩɽӦòƭˣǡôأ


˼ȥʵ벻ʲô취ܲɴضסܲﲻס߶õ廨õ廨õ廨
ֱüԼ˻˼ЪԿ֢
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ڰգȻһ
ÿһرһڴ׷ݸһֽ
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أ
ҡҡͷƺ˵Ĵ۾ͻȻˡд磬ֻһΣȥΪٹĸˣʮûɨĹӦȥһ˵ġ
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⣬û֥³ֻɼȥķԼڳ˹ȥ
ϵ;ڼ֥ǡ
ڽߺĵ죬֥ǵĳǽһɫĵ졣
˼ǣҪȥˡ


220 ʧٵ
ȥĴӦݷǷΪİ֥ǵĸ涼䶯ˡ
ƽͷڻֲ̿
нʿʹ飬ͬʱӽ˶֥ǵľ䡣
еֻеĻ̻̲գк޵ʵģû޶Եģ
ĺڰҲжˣ̶ʮŸ룬ǧﴫ·ƽ֥ǵĸҼǣøְ취ѴѶ˳ȥȻ֥ǵ½
䶯
УһֱС·ԲԤϵûеõ𾪵Ѷ
׼ȷ˵֪ˣϿҲûȥˡ
ңߺϧһдҲҪҵ
װ˵ĽϺܻӺ
ڼǰյ˴һˮɽǴļӼܺдŵˣǸӾĺ
˵ŷ˹ˣ᰹ĶڽϽ£˽ҵĺԺǾӦûдˣǣ᰺;ǣϸĽ̸ȣ
ᣬϰȽ˰һ壬ԭΪ׾һɲ롭
һҲ˾սҵģϵĽ̸ҲͲ֪Ūȥˡ
ҪǣھսдɱİѪɺӣЩ֪İˡȫսˣ
һ̸ȵͳһա
˰Ҳûҵ
ǽƢٺãٻ˵Ҳ޿ˣ
Ҫ̸֪ȲӵϴΨһʬıرߣǸɵļ
ҾȻŪˣôԵɵѽ
죬ܵأ򲻸ҶԲһеĸɵٴӴ󺰣ûϸߺʲô취ҲҪѽ̸ȸһ
أأ˼ȥд
ŵĴҴûϷôƢ߱ȰϢŭѾˣһƤһƤң϶ҵ
Ͼɥػ˻֡
عͷſԿ׵ܲ˯Ҳûǽϡ
ٴη˴ߴѰȵżеЩˡֱӵˮУԺȻûҵ̸ȡ

ӣ̲߱
հ棬ؾѵĵط
ȻȻûҵ̸ȣƽϵ̬Ҳ侲վ˹ƽԭӣЩ㵡
ľۻڴ½ϵ߻ܣ֪ԽԽãԴûдĵؿ᳡ֻмʮغפȫͨ鲼ûκݱǡ
֪˭Ǹȥˣ
ˣ鷳أ
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׵µͣ˻ǰ棬ĵһͷǣǲǼٵģϸٰۣһϻһС֣ʮ޵أ˼ǽϳѩɽ⣬谮Ĺŵӣ
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Ҫʣ᳡ͻȻһŹֵ


224 1
Ǳĺҹһ󺮷磬Įһɭɭζ
ڳˣϷүɯ֮ȫ泯һ΢Цˣӭ٣
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Уӵĺˮ߳һ׳ȫõĽʬ
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άļ򣬡ްɣոķĶ㣬ݣλ书û㡣޸ܺùȥ޵Ǹĺ
أά۾
ŷ˹΢΢һЦ㲻ޣΪƣ˭뻻֮ᣬһ޵ϵͷ

ڣάסŷ˹ýвӦ˽Ļ
ۿ֮ά˼Ҳòһˣģ쵰ʲôҸףӣأǶﰡ˭ɱ㣡
ŭ˼䣬άߵĺոķ֪ôͻȻ˵Ŭ˹ɽϺ޵ϵĺɽˡ
ˣ
άҧҧ޵ϵ棬ԿԶԲﲻܵԲ԰ˣʲôȥҲ޵һ为ģ
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άոķȴ
ŷ˹Ҳüͷάʲô
Ĺʲô
άƿڴ˫ֿգۼֻʣһıӰһŭԸӲˣոķ
ݷ򣡣
ԭ֮½ʷûݷŮˣǸʮǰݷ򡭡
çײԣһ
˭˵壿
ŮŮ飬˿ԱԹ㲻ǵˣò֪ǲƺ˵ζ
άԶȥϵ˵ʲôζûעԼҲ֪ôģ˳С·׷ȥ
һһֱİ׵ɫϲ׷άĻᶢ˽ϡ
ţոķҲˣһƺص棺׵±ͼɱĻᡭ
Ψһǣάߵķ˫ƻеκһ򣬶ǡ
ͨȻЭĴϳĻµı
ʱĻµȻЭʮʥʿظߺӭ𣬵λ
һӰ߾Ȩȣû˵Եһɫ˵ʮʥʿӣᣬֻΨһ䣬֮𣡡


225 2
ӱźˮάǰͷ˷ɵԽԽ졣
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λأǺǣСЩǲܲأ
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ǰ׵»һ㿪ˣЦеףļƻͼְɱûף˵׼ľˣϧɱңܵŪ׵;
δ䣬׵ͻȻʮɫĹ㡣
ʮŰ׵һƮףף
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׽ǰ׵һƷ׵г·һؿڣãǷ˵й
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226 3
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·
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227 ǿɱ
ڰ׵֮ʱ
ӣӪطһýζЦѵ飬ȻĿǰڱ𴦣֪ѡ
άߣӪصĸҲֳ˽Ȼ̬ͬȡ
ŷ˹鶡ȥ׷άˣ׷ǵĶѦ˹ͳ˹¼ҹһ룬ûȥ׷ά
һΪ䵱ŷ˹Ĵˣһԭǣۻǲ̫ʿģͬһսߵزûڼ￪ͳŶӲдļǧ
ΪغͱûӾãڶԼӪȫ
Ϊȥ׷ŷ˹һ׷ٶķˣ˵ǻᱻҳû㣿
֮⣬еڳЦŷ˹棬еھά뿪ʱķ˫ᡣ
УϷүɯķӦȤά뿪ķ򣬶еһöˮһ巢չ죬Сӻ飬ϵμ޷Ǹﶪأ
ˮҲ͵ҵ֪ƽĲ˽ӣЦʲôģ
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ûж伸ͬ˼ŷ˹ĲԽ࣬ԽĵԽ࣬ҲԽǡϷɣ
˵ɱ˱
ײײķ·ߣҲ֮ǰ

ӱɽȣ
ϾʵսȨȵǣ𾪵Ļں档
ڽ˻֮ʱѴ󽣲ڵϣֳĬһأ׷ֽ⣬ơ
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̲סУʵ̫˾ˣҪ֪˹ʥ˹۹ǧֻ˹ʵۺ͹ʦ֪ʹ÷Ȼá
ûʲôֵֵģ
ƺ׵뷨ͨƽ޵Ŀڣ˵Ҳǲ³ʥսװ֮һ³װŦ޸̨ȻЭУҼ޸̨Ȼеõ˲ٿʥսװķ
˵䣬Ѿֳһֲɿܵȫ״̬
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ѾԾľֱֻѹʵж֪񣬾Ȼһ仰ˣ
û״ѶϢָΪ˼жԼʥ˼ĺǣ״һֻȫµֱۡ
һʥˣĽʵ
촽׸ɬ
ǡýɫպ׶ᣬΪֱ۷һΣұЧˣҲΪ㣡
ױ۾˿ָŽϺͺոķʵأ
˿ոķոķҶͳ֣Ҹҵߣ°ɣ
ոķεȸֽ߰ڡʩᡯ
ûжַսȨͻȻ춯ͷɫֱ֣֮ץס֫
ǰɣǰɡ
죬ոķȫĹǽڶɢˣ
һְѽϿĿɿڴֱַܱȵҵˮƽˣ
ţҵˮƽǾԭ֮½ˣ
ֳһɫ￴طϵĺոķһϣ޵ϡ
ֵˣɱңոķһϵң
ոķһҵĹǽڣʱܰҸԭߵĻᡣ
ȻҡҡͷýɫڿЦ˵һĲ֪δ㣬ɣǴģӮˣҷߡˣͰһΥ飬Σ
⡭
ǵڷԼ
ЩΪƫ̻Լͷðɣʲô
ͶǷܽǵһ
ָͷɫĹ


228 ֮
ɫһ䣬ЦҪɱҾֱ˵αְϷ
ֽƣһĸɫʵɣΧ°׵£һ֮ܺոķȻսȨȵڣǣĸҪûʥ˼ʵõһô
һУ
ĶĲҪ˽ϵ
ģǲɱ㣡
ƺ˽ϵ뷨˻еսȨȣͨ˵Ҫɱ㣬αһΥ飿޵ϣֻҪҶģҾսȨȱ֤ˣҲԿȫˣ
㵹ҵġ
ʼ磬ʾ׸Լռ䣬˫ָڱðɣҶģ
һͷңָĸɫĹڽǰһſͷĹ̬ȺܿЦ޵ϣ֪Ϊʲôܸһֺеĸо
ҲЦˣҲָо
ǺãΪУǸһƽľ
ͷԼؿڣȼסǵ֣ȻЭ޻ƽսʿԽһƽһţ߰ͷҺͬ飬ƷͼӵȻЭսһ֣Էӳʥ۷ĹǵķҲС
ϵͷɫлָˣʼɣ
ãǣ޵ϸ¼֤ǵĻƽУ
أĸƽսʿͻȻ˽ߵĸ򣬰ֻԣ˿ת
ֻɲǼ䣬ǵĽɫӰʹһɽɫ磬ڰ֮ڴﵽתٶȵĶ㣬һǿ֮ӿ
ò˵վλǻƽɫ̫ˣҲ̫ˣûеֵأϾͱͬķ֮С
Ȼˣһ롭
֮ûлңо˼ͻȻէ֡
һͨʶǿǷ籩ĵġۡȴģ
ðɣͳۣ
ϵųһʵĵ⣬˷籩ġ
һ۾ܿһе㣬޵ϸ£ƽһڷ籩зЦһתۣǵĻƽУǰˣǣת磡
˵ţֻԵķˡ
ԭ˳ʱתģŻƽһŵһַ籩ʼʱתأͬһȻֲͬķ򣬶ַûл
ǸҪѽϸˣ
ʥ˼ĹҲûзˣƺһ޸Ƽת
ˣǵȫУΪ˲˺޵ϣ֣
ƽһŸæ
һͷսȨҲ
ͨƽսʿͣһ˽϶У޵ϣƽתѾγɣƾڵԳɱôұսȨ֮ҡ
Ҫ
һͼãҲ֮ɾû귢ζ
æŴ󺰣Ҳ֮
ûϵҿ㣡ٴδ侲˵һעüĺ紦ʶ֮ԴȪ
ָ˼䣬ȻͻȻζսȨȣ޵ϣսȨѾʼ꣬ң
䣡
ĻȥͻȻȻһ죬ƺ綼òһˡ
ȱ仯ľǽϵֻԼˣһ죬Ѿһֻ翣ѤףҵĻƽ
ȳ򣬽ط
Ȼǰð׹˫裬геľ飬ǳαɻƽǳһ˿ã
ҡ
ɣ
ҵķ
ǰͻȻһϸȥһƻ
ĪǣеսȨȣ
ھȣͻȻսȨϴһĪͺᵽ˻㣬ͲԾɹȥһϾ¶طսȨȡ
ǡ
սȨߣϸеһůΧԼ񻹿Բ
Ⱦʱ
޵ϣζ֮ӱ㹻ˣعɣ
䣡
һٿֱֻͨӣֻǣѾԣҪĻƽбԶԶƲ
֮ʹܿɱеķ
鵽صľ磬ϲԾãȻƬ̡
ûע⵽ԶһĹŹ֣ƺĽֺڶʼɡ
޵ϣΣƽһŵһкѽϴãȻ˳ûн»ƽսʿһУȫˣǾжԼɣ
˵ʲô
ϻ֮ζȻĵðɣԸķ䣬ҽ޵֮ģգضһΥ飡
ʼ磬˵ֵҵһ̫ãҵԣ𣿡
ļʶƺЦ
ţΪǶ޵ϣʱգԵݣѾˣ
Ʋðɣðɣžͺãڡ
ȥӪذɣȻЭȻѾյٹ⣬ۻȻ˼У𣬾Ӧξۻе䣡
߶ޣĸƽսʿĹǰӪء
ǰϿ۰׵ʬ壬˵׵ȻǵˣʬҰƺЩ˵ȥǻûгڣʨֺһĿ⣬Ȼϣ׵ѿޱȣ
ҲһСûôͰ׵гð׵±ʬǾˣƲˣˣ
ϵͷʬͷ
˵ʵﰢ׵ʬҲʲôķʵϣʵѰ׵µʬٻΪĵػ
޵ѽ
ڽϧ׵ôõػϵò֮ʱͻȻ˵Ժ˼ˣĳԺɵչѣ
ţû׵˼
أԵ㲻ҵӣҲÿж˵ѽԺĦǰԼ䡭
̲סϵĳ㿪Цأ
ҿûЦ޵ϣû׸ղŵ飡ĽŴģӦһ£ǰǰ㿪֮սȨȰ㿪ģʧȥģ̫̫ˣ˵ⲻǰ˳ô
һ
׵ѣҲˣ
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ͳš֣֮ԼӦһһټΣ
ΪʲôԼ
ĪĻһȸôȻԼ
뵽
ڼʶ翣ȴʵʵڵ֮󣬽ϴͨͻȻ˵㾳Կס
㾳ķǣκһֻ̳ܲõ廨
仰˵ǡ


229 ʬ֣
仰˵񲻾ǣֻ֮ܲ
û
㾳磬̣֮
֮
֮꣡
ꡭ
ģﰲ˵ĵ꣬ǵĵ㾳磡
׵ָܸﰲһĻĻ·ǰ֣Ϻ޲ȭйԼľϲߣؼʨӣϾǱһͷˮҲ˲ˡ
˵ΣԼǱٿڹ֮У
˵ˣ㲻һۿջȻ˵ǵ꣬ǣ꣬ѵʵսЩҪȥ
ϣɡ
ڽϰ֮ʱɽƬս˻
ԭ̱ӪأʥʿҲɽﱼ۳ʮӣʮƽʿŸ
ʮƽʿȻЭµĻƽʿɣ
϶ԻƽʿԸоȣȻһȻЭĴˡ
ʱĸˣǻȥʱ򣬺ոķ˽֮׵ʬҰϲЩĸд׼Ŀ죬ȵظߣƯֺԸԵ
뿪ɽȲá
࣡
࣡
࣡
׵µʬԱ˹Źֵ춯ֻһ͸׵ݴð˳Щݶһ˸ߵֱճ״һ־ͻ򰢻׵µʬƶ
ܿ죬׵¾ͱݸûˡ
žžž
ݷ׷ը׵µʬ塭ʧӰ٣

ţһڴõ㣬һ֡
һϳŹֵݺǾɭֹģ̳ʬΪĿʬ֣
ʬֹȻѾ˾ɭ֣ո˰׵£ʮǿ֮һ


ʬ̳԰׵֮ʱɽȸִһҵĴϢ
˹Ǳѽϵ˹ıܣɽʱ֧Ųס쵹˵ϡ
߿ѪؿѪģȴɺ΢Ц૵磬ɱѦ˹㱨ˣ
ɱӵɱ־ǿ˹
ڿ˹ɱӵԭ򡭡
ܼ򵥣ѩɽ˸ϵ鱨ر˵˿˹;ӵġϵڰʾ˹ڴӣɱѦ˹ӱģ
ŵӪ֮Уŷ˹ˣ鶡ˣֲڣǿ˹û־Ͳһֵˡ
Ѧ˹쵰һġ
˹˿ѪӵһβѾϾҪˣ˹ͻȻɫᶨҲ硭Ǵӵǳƣ磬˾ʥҪˣͻתֻأҲҵ겻ȥ䣡
ҲҪھʥᣡ
˹˼ϧ̫ˣȻ˵ϡ
ڰˮ˹źر۾յһĻĻ֪ôҲֳˡ
˶֪˹Ǹɱļصɱĸɱɱգɱ˼ʮˣǣ˭֪Ϊ˺ɱ
˹ԼҲ
ֻ֪ʱʼϵͬһΡ
εԼһֻɫĺڻ裬ţͺ;׿ξһͬǣڿ˹赽ʱͻȻһֻɫķϮ

˹֪ΪʲôȻһӾͽгֻ˵ֵ֣죬ֻͭҪսȥһƽοΪССͭսʿ
ɱ쾭壡
ٶ̫ˣһת۾˿˹ı
Ȼ󣬿˹оԼѪˮˣɫĻˣʹ࣬ʹ࣬
˵ĥ˹ξнѳ
ÿһ˹εԼѪˮͻŰɱö֮Ҳñˣƺɱһأ
ţֻɱˣйξеʹడ
ǣÿξоһĥÿɱйߣ˹ʵһ㡣
ǣ˹ɱˣӸĸʼɱɱɱһֱɱ¾ʮƽգ
ɱ̫֮󣬿˹Ȼɱû˼ˣǡɱЩȤɣһ·򱱣ɱˣɱˣɱޣɱ˾壡
ھ壬׼ɱʱ򣬴ӳˣ
ͬǿƵľʿǸĶŵѧߣһӣ˹ָסʺʱȻ˵ҽ˵ʺӵ岿λ֮һ鷳֣ǰҵʺṹ𣿡
˹Щ棬ջԼָ

鲻ĵ¹ۣʲôأ˹ϲ¶ӣҲϲȰ˹ɱھɭȹ˺ꡣ
˹Ҳûμ
Լξ
Ǹξٴγˣ˹޿̣صȥɱǷ
ϧ˹ûҵɱɱ˼ǿߣıɱ죬ɸ֮С
ٺ
ûٺˣ˹׷潭壬һڹŵɫĻ䣬֪ˣѾˡ
ˣҵҲˣ
ðɣ仰ܺܶģҲ飬Һ£
ӿԢȥң˹ĿǸ籨
ҪɱһˣõķĪ˭Ҳ벻ĵطͻȻ䷢һԣұ޵ϣ˾ҴӾʧˡ
ʵϣһֱ޵ߣĬĬؿ뾫սĬĬؿ˵ѻȻ˵ɱסӣѦ˹

Ѧ˹һ̣̳ɱϧ̫ǿˣߵҲ̫ǿˣֻаհɱеһ
ҵȣ
ȶ׷ŷ˹ӣŷ˹뿪뿪鶡뿪Ȼҳˣ

磬ڸ㱨ˣ
ϧҾҪˣûлȥʥˡ
˹ϢԽԽɳڣѾڰ֮䡣
࣬ࡣ
ʱʬֵٴγ֣ת۾Ͱѿ˹˽ȥ
ǽ֮žѣʬְѿ˹˳еͭţѣͭţģЩˣ
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ʱɽ紵˹ͷɢ¶ò
ʬٴξУЩۣ죬Ȼǿ˹££ǵô׿ھģźӵ׿
Цһ벻Ƕǹսʿת
սʿ
˹ǡ仰뵽Լξʲôսʿ
Ҳ̫ת֮ҵļ䲢ûȫظһ׿ŶӦ˵һԾ׿Ϊ
ʬεһҪҽֻܼͣǵЩϱӶĳƻĲսʿսʿͭƽļͭţͭšģĽͲ壬Ϊʲô֪ͭţҾУ˵ϱӻֵأ
ʲô߰ģ
˹öûͷûβĻֻʵֻ㣬бҶ죬˾ʥô
ͭţѣôأ
ʬ֣˵ͭ׿ЦȻһǲúܶ࣬ȤأͻȻӵ˽㿴
ž
һֻѣɫ͸Űɫݣ
û͸Űɫ
׿Ѿӽڰʵˣ
ţܷӳְ˵㣬ǰҲ°


230 ֻѽ
ŶŶǻʲôҽɡ
˹Ȼûʲô˼ҲˣǰŹֵѣԼȥԱøǿ
ͭ׿Ȼԥɵƾһ˻ǻҪҪʬ壡
ʬ壿
ǵģҪΪʲô˵ѽ
׿ЦһǴͷ˵ɣ֪Ǵӵ̴ӣڶӰɱӵʱҲ˻ˡҴһºѹģ˵᰹Ķ޵ϣŰҸȻġ
֮ҵͻȻ˺ܶණ
Ҽˣǰ֮ͭһҪִʲôƻңһҵƽȻЧ
Щﻹһ׺Ĺءԭϱӣڹеþʬ壬սṩǹӵġԴ
֮󲻾ãľϮ¹᰹ɱˡ
һľʬ壬Ҳ֪ô̲סˣصĹԼתңҼӾͰѾľ̽˶
Ȼһ֣Եľ֮ҵ;ľӴںˣֻܿҵһС֣ʵǼ׳ֲ̬󲿷嶼ڵأ
Ժҵ̫ˣҪ̫̫ʳҾھսսǻϵʬ塣ԵʬԽ࣬ҵԽǿһ㣬ҴųԵһʬ˰ɣҲ֪Լȫʱǿʲôز
һս֮һһ׮ǳŹֵ顣
ǳսɱвҶڵĳʬ壬ǳųţһʬƺЩԾҰԵ֮ͻԽԽȣǹͣҵ฽ˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôǺҰصĹͻȻ֣ӵ˿ֻؼսʿ
˵׿ãֻؼսʿǻƽѽѣ˵ΪʲôͻȻӵİ£ҵ궼ʼ㿴ڵɫѾԽԽˣò˶ãҾͿԽˣ
ٺսˣȻǺܶҪʬ壬Ҳɱˡ
׿˵෢ߣ˼ǧҾһ·ԵᡣΪʲôҲܼأһŷ˹ɱĳ嶯Ҿ׷ոճԵһ֡ѣ˵ô࣬𣿡
ιûѽ
׿ͻȻֿ˹ͷæŻңιỰӦòٻԵģ
ѣģҺܺãǳǳĺã
˹̧ͷǣ۾Ȼͭɫ
㣬㣡׿ˡ
ôʲôԵĵطô˹ааһЦѣ˵ˣӵ˿ֻؼݹ֮һˣȻȫĻˣ
㣬Ҳһǰļ䣿
һӦ׿ڼԼ壬ֻҪԼݹͻع⡭̫˼飬Ҳ̫ˣô
ǵģһǰļ䣬Ȼֻһ֣ȻһԿ˹ΪѾ㹻ˣ
˹ۣۣһͭɫĹ쳤ХһĸоãѣҪҪʬô
׿ʶѽӸûжʬأ
ҪĲҪ˹ҡָ˵˭ǣɱʮ˹ڣ㻹ûʬôߣȥӣ㹻࣬㹻ǿġʬ塯ڵأ
˵ţԶ
Ҫȥɱˣ
׿ˣҪףƻûȬҴӸ
Ҿϲɱ֣ɱĸԽ࣬ǵĽԽô
ŤͷָָԼӣңҲǴȡǵʬ֮ǰһȥȡƷСһһ

׿Ϳ˹ͭһڻǿϣ̳ܽǱδǾǸıʷһ
׿Ϳ˹֮ʱҲӪΧ
ûмڽȥǴ󽣸߾٣ûƽսʿΧӪأֻΥߣɱ

һսӣΧڣ
ڶսӣٴͷˮ·
ˣʣսۣ׼ɱߣ
ʮƽʿĴ£գۼ䣬ʮʥʿаӪΧ˸ˮйͨҪǣ˳ŴĺˮʮҾ޴ͧʻǻ׼Ӫظ
ȻЭ᣿ʲô
Сʵ·Ӫףոķ׵£˹۹ļֶ뿪֮СʵԤе̬ѾȺܳʱˡ
£ΪİȫȻӪݱܣ
ʥʿľǰ˵
޲ȥ˴ѾƵǰˣҪˣ˹ľô
Сʵ۶˵ͬʱҲڹʥʿݣڣ֮ĽҲڣոķȻѺϣҲƽ£ǣ׵¹ʦ
׵أСʵѹʵ
ʦ
Ŀޱ˵
׵£ʦˣ
Сʵ۴˴ͻȻƿڴף˭ɱ˰׵µģȻȻҲɱϾ޵ʦ
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׿ԽԽߴٲȰյ£ȻЭ֮޹أȥɡ׵ˣеľȨȨȨصУҪʱһ룬˴Ȩ˭ػأ
СʵһûǻʵۣҪǹҴ¡
ͷĬĬ߻
Сʵ˼Ҵµķʽ̬
е졣
һĶԽҳκͳ谮Ӻһگ˹۶˼˵׵¹ʦڴµľȨСʵƿأҫϽķЭӣͬʱӷⶫ޵ϣ״󹫣ոķҶΪ˹Эͬ
گ飬˹ǶᣬϲЦտͲö֪ˡ
ӣӪأ
ʥʿİΧѾγɣǳŭЦһĮӣָֻӾӲΧǴԮƣȻԤϵΧľӻԮ־ս׼׼ˡ
һ־ģһԵİ
ϷүҲˮ߳𵭵ӣ׺սȨͬʱߣ۾ˮ૵³װ֣ҫϽķҰɯŷ˹֮⣬ˣûжַ˼
ʱƽսʿںոķԱߣȵλ˴Χӣûر˼ֻ˵仰


231 
˵Щ˼
ڳĶǸ䣬Ѿ˴ˣʮΧĳ棬ûж˻ţһվ˳ߴ֮һ÷ͼݵƤݳȻЭҲЩ飬˵ʲô̸ôǹҪٵʮô
ǿѪ͵ģ
𻺲м䣬׻תһֱûƽսʿ˵
λĿĴҶҾͲٷϻˣֻѴһ¡
ʨ飬ŷ˹Ը⽻֮ᣬǺ¡ֻ֮һȴмǧ漰ٸ͹ңǵõ֮󡭡˭˭
Ƥ⻹˵ô˭ܻ֮ᣬǾ˭񣡡
ûл֮أ
ûлģԵȻƹٽƣ
Ƥмֵ㡣
һͷƺڳЦ˵ĺʵϣһ˻˾֮ᣬͿ϶˳ᣬΪûϣԼĺ棬ûϣȵõô
Ҹ˵֮ύɹ֮գǴѪɱ¾֮ʱ
Ĵصز
Ƕ˵ˣҲԤϵˣΨһľ֮ᣬȺƴĲͬһҵսġ
˵ͬҵĿˣ
ͷ޵ĶͷЦȻҶͬ⣬֮ύ֮վǴս֮ʱΪ˱սѪҵиСС顭
˻еսȨȣϣλ˳ᣬֻսȨ֮ᣬȾ֮ᵽ֣ȻЭᰲ
⣬Ǻ⣡
˵꣬ƤʹЦ㻹˵е䣬ȻЭᣬȫ
ѽҾôģô
𣬾ȻһЦĿģ
Ŀ˵Ŀյİ
䶼𾪵޻˵ֻƤĻһ˵ģ˿̲òӲͷƤƤڳġ
ˣ
ͬǻû˵ֵ꣬ζսȨȣңָƤ
Ƥǰû˵ĻʵѣҾһ𷴿𣬿ϧ̫ˣֻˡ֮Ƥ˫۷ףһͷ˵ϣ
߿ѪȻ궼ˣ
ţƤ˵˵ڳڳʲô
ĿɨˣƤʬ棬Ī˵ڳλҲͬҵ飬ַλ˼ô
ѻȸ
úǰʵԶʤˣִȻЭʮʥʿʱ˭˭ԼЦ
أ˵ĿⶼϷүϡ
ǿѹˣǿϷү˵仰ô
ǿǵ˼кɯϷүһ˹ҫϽķһеǿߣǵõ֮ǰɺã
Ϸү΢΢һЦǰҲиΣ˭һ˭󣿡
룬˵ȻЭŵһǣˣռŵ۹ڵһҲ޷ȻЭλӡҸһ֮ᵽֺ󣬴ȻЭռŷֲʼƣǲڵһλ
˹۹ڵɣ
Ϸүͷˮֿ˿ڶЦλǶҿˣҸ򣬲һõ֮ᣬȴܵõеһǾͱˣͬϣպгŵ
ͷϷүǣ
˵꣬ˣλ˭ô
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ɻʱֻĸƽսʿѺոķϽ
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죬ոķĸì̴ţ
ոķҼҶʮǿ֮һ㹻ݣ㹻˰ɣǺǣҾͺոķ֪ͨһ
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̲סȻɫˣ̫ݣҲ̫Եˣһ棬Ѿɱ˼ǿ߰
ոķһ·ߺãζսȨȣЦǵҸҵҹҾЦɾ֮ˣ
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Ѻȥ䡭
죬ֳ֪ʲôӰ

ܺոķʲôңǽϿԹʵˣľ棬ֻﰲּǿֲ߳ճˡ
Ȼ֣Ҳճġ
æšӭҲûص׵
ཻûлɱ׵µļƻ˲սص㲢ǶɽӦûڶɽȡ
ԼͷԣԤϵԣཻģԽϲġ
˿شţԼ˵̺ϡ
֮ϳȴϿоĵ֮ꡣ
֮ĵһǰעеüġ
ϻ۾ʾעüģһ֮
ûսȨȵİֻ÷мСʱҲû鵽ƻõ꾳硣
أĸ
ðɣðɣҪ
֪УͻȻϱӸɵӡ
ʱ򣬽ҲǾԸɵȺԴ˵Сӣ
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⡭
ɵЦŪԼƣȻܰԼ֮
ϾǸɺϣӦǣ֮ʱҪĳ̬Լ˼ɵ̬ɣ
뵽һϲ˿֮ķ
ȻԼĻƽ壬ɳ񡭡
ģʲôˣ
һϾͱǰŵĿɿڴ


232 ⽹
ӽ಻һģ˵ʮȫӽǣһۣܿ˷оɫ
ԣһۣϾͿһؾ׵ľ
ʱѾʮһˣӪشƻͨÿͷһɫ壬Ĵ߶ʱԵùɭɭ󣬲Ϻݾףǵ档
˺ģͷϵĲû棬ŸƵȨȡ
˳ȨϿȥ
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ôˣ
Ѫգ㵰Ρ
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ءء
շɳʥʿİΧȦԶϾ͸оһɳͷβĺ⣬˸
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ŤͷһòɸԼ̬Ľһ۾Ϳˣɸıʣһֻ˶ĺɫ
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ʵص۱ʵǾָڰУܲסԽԽǿһǵսɣ˹ǰ棬һƬһƬոͭ׿ں̳ʬתṩ˹
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˹񫣬ɱľӪ
׿ȻԸɱסʳջҲ˺档
ݺһȫûɱǣһսʼˡ
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ѽ˹ǻ쵰˼Ҷ֪ôأ֮úǿǿɫ͸ŰɫĹâҹƣķѷһأ
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233 ʬ
ڽϺͼ˵ĹѾޱ䡣
ŶŶѣԵĳ𣿡
Ĵذƽԭ˹һԺһֻɫģһֻǰɫģһԳɿһȷѪ꣬ķʿǰֻܵķݣŲ·ֱӪȥǵԡ
ǣӪѾʥʿŰΧʥʿݵЩұΧȦ
ţǰľͣɱۣ
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ʱһ·׷άȥ;׵ɫһʱ䣬Ȼص·ʱάѾӰ
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սʿͭƽɫ
Уϣڣ̣ף죬ɫ
Уά˿ԿϷ˲ֲڷŷ˹Դƣ˺͹һʵǾŸΣǿǡϣڣ̣ͭףǿĻƽͻ˷졣
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صͷͬǴˣȥ
ŷ˹һЦҲ׷˺ͷߣȴ֪һ̷ֻ˵䣬ߣȥ̷ˣЦݸ䣬֮ỹҵУȻûлսȨȣҲ㹻̷˸ˣ
˵ţѸ뿪
һǳԽʥ˵ĺڷˣһʥˣ鶡ҲǿߣӴȻȽϸףܿɱΧ
ǰŷ˹ʥʿŵľ
ǿϧˣѦ˹Ĵʬ壬ȻУ
Ѧ˹ʬ壬ô
ǧȷ

ϱСʵ۴˳ǡÿ


234 һ֮
Ȼ㻹ߣҾɱ٣ʵߵõô
ϺٺһЦ˵һʱһʱֵ콣¥ɱȥ⡣ǣƯ˵Сʵ߲ҲñΪ˳ӣһȥˣ
ȻʧЦǰôû֣Ȼһ棿ðɣȻҪߣ飬Ӷߣ

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𲻿ڶǷʩ񣬴󽣣ףսȨȣѾ
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ҡԴ룬ͻȻͷ֪Ҳ㣡


235 ʮ꣬
ǿӪأȻɱոķ棬ǰһУΪ˾֮ᣬʱȴ˵Ҫ֮ᣬֻһ
Ϊʲô
⼸ЦľٶŭѪȵıô
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ǻǿˣһӣȻһ˿Ĺâһ𣬺һȻЭᣬ͹ˣ
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ЦĪл鱨βЩѻ˵˶䷢ʲô
ǿӻ֣ԸȻҪˣ˵˵
Ƭ̣Ц뿪ʱֻ̨ͻȻģĹ걩α֯мƻһʱ֮ھɢ˾Щͽų˱İӢ飬ңϿȥƽѣ
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ƫƫʱΪ˾ˣ˾ʲôطаԩ֮ء
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زȥ䣬İԩ˿ƣŰɣʧȥƵԩ꣬䣬˼䣬ò˶ãǾͻ˼ʷĻң
˵һ飬棬ЩǷųԩ꣬ɶʷǿаˣǷˣ
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ԯͼսҲѱѩɽ䰵׶ȴڳƵ꣬ϧһд۱ȫ庣׶ʵѾԯͼ
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ᣬһССˡ
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Сʵĥ죬Ȼͷ޵Ȿ£ʲôѽ
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237 ʳ
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еʱǨ³ѹȻ磬ٸɽˮ֮ı˵òɽеҰޣˮеֻ࣬ܵӰ죿ӽԺ󣬴½̲ģ϶ǲˣ
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ǿЩԩֱܴ֪꣬ͨ˼䣬ᱻץУޱѿѡһ·


239 ˣһ
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242 ĭӵ
֥ǣ
ٴλصұɵĵ۹׶ϺȻãһж˵İ
ϻǵãǰԼһν֥ǵʱ֥ǻǹƽȦǶ׵Ļθ֡ٿһţһ½ֱͨĵ˹ʹԻʹΪģʮ·ͨţһԸ֥֮ǣȻӻγнṹ״ṹ
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ͱ罭ߵԭһƬľ߹;ľӵӣһƬլӣǰǿпƵ۹䵱Ϊ˿նɱвϵĹ壬Ƭլڻƽ·˽ֱͨʹģԹ۵ĺ·
·ϵһ·Ǳأ˻ʹĹׯ԰
Ͷڹׯ԰Աߣϵȵɫ䰵ڵȵһϤĹš

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޸񲮾״ϲϵˣƽϢңӭ·ױ£ǾͱˣΪ䣬򣬵۹ƽ֧ģ

⻰ţôǣײǣǣǼթƻĴأ
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ΪΪߵķ
޸ɫԣæˣҿɲ˵ģһǰ״Ӵӻӵߵı죬̶һ¼䣬ٹԱмʮƽ񡭡ЩĻ˵ؼǣκ˼ǧн죬˵Щ׾ĽƴЧѽԣһӾͿ˾󲿷־ӣһҹĹ򣬾ɹˣ
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᲻ԼͷҲԣأһ۹յķӦɡʲôԣ㶮ô֥ǰƽһٶոձϰգΪ˵õҺϧ㣬㣬㣬ĭ㣡
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˵ţһȺǣķˣͷ׹ʦķͣнҺ
Ϊ˽Һķͷ
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ⳡ棬ĵ̾˿𣿲ǰķЩ˵һתۡ
˵ˣŰ˿ȴ˿ɺޣˣƨ
Ѿ׼
ͬʱ˫ۻպϣ֮⾳Ȼ㲻𵶻껹Ϊķ˲ˣ


243 һŭ֮֮꣡
ˣˣˣ
ƽȻûб˺ķȻ޳·ԣ˶ڣм嵽ķǰҪķڵأǣķεۻ룬ƾԼϣӻʹһһӡӲȺǰ
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һӰȽϻ죬Ҳ絶⣬һ֣նɱķߵƽճӣȻֱķȥ
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֮ӣ׵ʵ˲ֹһǰѽ
УϿ׵ʵҲǸðԼ

˾ȻǺڹѸµͷŴ󽫣
ǣϸһӣиоʲôԵĵطϼüˣһ佫ʣüɭ˫ĿѪ˿һɭ
ңýĸ֣ʱʼõˣ
ܽ⣬˵ݺɣֻʳ˻ٱӿתһ㵶֮ննϻ٣ٴķķ߲ߣɲ㣡
˵ţڱϽһסķҪķߡ
ߣҲߣҲܵ
ķͻȻ˫Ŀɫ⻪ţϵ
ķ㻹Щģ޵ϣķߣҲͱˣ
ⳡ棬׹Ц޴ƻ̽
ƾ㣬Ҳô
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Ϊνķط֮Ȼأֳķʵ籾壬Ҳû⣬ֻһֱ֣ϵʳ˻ȥǡ
ۣ
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󣬾Ȼʮһ֣ͬ
һ˵׾˸ĿɿڴĽҲԺˡ
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ˣǳŲ³ʥģƲ
ϻͷҲֻв³ʥ֮Ϊ޹ʵķƴˣȻˡͲ֣
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ڽ˼֮ʱҲ˼
һöԸҲڻ£Ҳĳ£ʮãӦò޵ϣĳط֡˼ףȵԤƣ̶ְɣ
ͬһʱ䣬Ѿ俪һֱͨķĴ·׹ſ˳
𣡡
ɵ·ϲ׵ĸߺ
𡭡
ȻЭһڶ𣬳洦ⲿ֮ףȻЭ᱾ƣûд¼ǾԲǰġ
֣ģ䣬϶ȻЭӰӣ
һУϧѾˡ
飡
һŻձŷƺճ˵ڶ̫ȼգȣһ֣ʵƽվ͵ֵס·ȼ
Ӱƽɢӡ
ңҲǳƽȥģƬ̵Ļ֮ƽɢɲҵǣ棬ǳķģķļѾ嵽·ĽϣȫУ

潵٣ϵȫҲȼʹ֫
һǰѾڣ㣬ϵĲ𵶻ȻûдɣҲѾ˳ĳЧ˫һգ״̬
ţ귢һĨֱ֮ǰյ̫
ĵͨĿõģһԣ۷ֻ̥ϴԶڻ֮УͻȻ˫۽գʱ
飡
ѿһۺ췢סʺĵشӰ֮׹䣡
һУս𣡣
ˣ
ʮɵˣ
ԼҲ𺳲ѣ˵Ȳ³װ𣬿ǣΪ֮ףȻЭսҲӵгԽʮǿߣʥ˵ɣ
ôԼֻһս𣡣


244 ߲㣡
ţϺȻһЦԷǵζ
ԼĲ𵶻꣬˵ѩɽ͵ԿףԼ𵶻ģԼԼȴս𡭡
ȻЭᣬ᲻ͷأ
˵ȻԤϵȻЭ䣬ҲݺķĻ֣ӡǲġ

ϵĲ𵶻֣ȵĲֹڳˡ
ǶϯضСʵ̸۳о棬Ȼüͷһ壬΢΢Ц˳
Ŵ󽫾Цʲô
Сʵۺע԰ŵĳƺ⺢ƺãҲܰͬͬ⣬ֱӲһ󽫾ĹΣһһ󽫾ؽˡ
£ֻ뵽˵һգЦ
գҼС޵ϴʦĶƴŵʦܽȫһί¼޵ϴʦ񡭡޵ϵĲ𵶻Ѿ˳ΣҲܽסҼСȫһˣ
ʲô
Сʵ۾Ź⣬˵޵ҪȢﰲˣѽ޻ţ޵ʩչмƣأ
޵ܹﰲҲǹ˰ţ޻ܴ׬Ů
⺢ӡ
֥ڣ۹ѧԺ
ڳ˵λԺ̧ͷʦֵιںʲô޵Сʦܻˣ
Ȼˣʦֺٺٵֲ֥ϣ֣Ҳ׵Ļоˣо𣿡
ʦֺߺߵȻоˣСʦܲ𵶻ɣûǵָ㣬˵ĵĲ㾳磬ģǷһأ

ʦֺЦСʦܲ𵶻ɣ۹ѧԺҲڳһܿͼʥصĸˣλֵܣңǼɣ
֮󣬽ϵλʦֹһé棬ϹϾأڵڳһС
߾Сλʦѵû֣صĹ߳˵۹ѧԺ

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𱻽һܣȻûˣȴ㵵ԭأҲܽȥӪķˡ
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ˣ
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ǣǸˣȵҪʧ٣Ϻݺȭͷһˣίɸ棬ҲܰһķȲ˵Щߣ
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һЦۡûõġ𣬡޵ϣԭΣ޵ˡ
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ķ緶ѽЦ޵Ͻʥˣѷһֿˣұո֡޵Ӵܣض߱·ǰĶ۹һʮʡȫפĴװžʮϧһдۣץ޵ϣ
˶٣Ϊ˱֤ʮսܽУǵľмҺߣ
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ˣ
һԴᣬȻָԼʣʶң
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ǲ
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ǿʮɭ⣬֪ϸ׷ˣЦȥҲ֪ǼĪң˳ķĲ³ʥ£
ǣǵȷǳŲ³ʥġ
ʮ˻ƽ˵Ļ޷ʶģ³ʥ£˵䣬ǻ˵һ룬ͻȻסԴƺһʹ
֮ʮ˷뿪㵱治֪䣬ҲգͳǣһһģһգǷ³ʥ£ڣ
ʮ
ʵ벻ǵͼˡʱ֥ĴѾˮ׷˳פҲ֪ܾæķ뿪
û߼ķɫһ䣬޵ϣϮСģ
磿
Īĸཱུ֣һӦѽѽ磬ֱ͹ҪɭҪֲأ
æÿ䱸

ϸ㱳ķϰķȻһֽţҲ룬ͷҲأͻȻһȭźȥ
ˣٴˣǻף
ˣŽϵһԵ֫鴤°ĭǵ۹ѧԺʦ֣
ԭ
ҲصԼֵܣʦ־ͲʦֵĶӣЦ˽ǰСʦܣϲˣ㵶ˣ
ƲƲ죬Ҳɣ
Ǻǣɾǳɣ˵
ʦصݸһСϻӣȻѾҵԼĵ꣬ⶫͿԸˡ
ʲôϽӹ˵࣬ᡣ
ǵ߲㾳Կס


245 Զأ1
߲㾳磡
էһϢоϲʶأСϻӲ˻ȻһԺ
߲㣬Ȼе߲㣿
⵶磬ʲôʱǸͷѽ
СʦܣĪĪ
˽ϵɫʦֺٺһЦ磬ֻܹ߲㣬߲㣬٣Ҳԯ׶һϸˣ˶٣ȫԯ׶
ֻʣĵ߲㡭
ǧ֮Уڰ˰ٵĸоóСϻӴһֻտҲ˿ȻʲôûСʦ֣Կס
򵥣ϻǿյģҲޣʦЦ߲Կףʲô㣬Ҳ㶯κޣ̳һóֺÿġõ壡
ʲôȴҪ̳һõ壬ⲻҪƾմô
ֻ߲㵶Ӳ˼飬ǰεľ飬Ҳף߲㵶⣬ֻԼʱûէֶѣ֣صСϻӣЦλʦ֣Ҳ˵ãһٶȣ⵶߲㣡
ʦ΢΢һЦɫ֣˺ܶ࣬Сʦ⵶߲㣬һ˵۹ѧԺͷʱǽʦһǳҪмɣһҪ
İɣֵҵһһ붼ǵ۹ѧԺģ˲ҿ϶
ϻӻ֣Զȥ
ˣ˲֪꣬ǿϣˣ
ʦֺͶʦֻ࿴ۣһͨ¶οЦݣȻԶȥ
ι
ֻʦ֣һȭ̵ʦ֣Ͱ͵ڵϣƤںڵĴӡӡ磬磬ĪҪѽ

ᣬ۹ѧԺת˵߲㵶ԿףĻϲһ棬ȴأɱ̺
Ȼһˣӵкͬò
һƬڵ֮УһӰֶվڴŴ棬Ŀޱʮ
ǵģˣ޵ûƭǣϱضһһͬԴһ˵ֻǣ޵Ҳ䣬ļرˣŹ޵Ϻķ˻
úܺãķĲ³ʥܲʱԶȣһģһҪ
Ӱͷʮǰ½أѰ䣡

ʮȥȴʣһ죬ƺҪ˵ʲô
ΪβߣӰ
ˣһһֻǣΣҲò׼ʲôԭɵġ
ʮɵ޵Ϸֱʱҿ޵ϵıӰɣ޵ϵıӰǣ׼ȷ˵Ǵĸ壬ڴѪһģһԣӦ˵޵ϣıӰһģһ
ʲô޵ϵıӰһ
Ӱ¹һӰݣ˫׳ʵ뽭ϵıӰһģһңҲһͷɫĳ뽭һޣ
޵ϵòأ㿴ôӰٵʵ
ʮҡҡͷӪķ֮ʱ޵ϴƤߣҿò׿ǵ֮󣬲ûаǴΪ޵ϣ޵ϵò϶ʮ岻ͬġ˶٣Ƿòͬҿȥ̽飡
ˣ̽޵ò֮£ԼȥѰɣ
Ӱִ˵ʮ壬Ȼ֥ǡ
ҵϴ֥ǻûлָƽʿǻڽͷάƽĴ̿ҴܣһҪҳһƽĵطǱǳĵĹרŸṩݳƷеصֳ
ν壬һȺݣҲ˳ԺֵĶ
Ӱ˹һݡ
ϰ壡Ӱſʵ˵ǵ۹ݣƷģҪһ޵ϵĻ𣿡
޵ϣǲǸղŴ֥ǵ޵ϣ
ϰͷ˲̧ͷЦˣǾĳ٣Ҫ޵ϻҪ׷ͨɣﵱȻУ޵ϿǴˣûС죬죡
˵һ룬ϰͻȻӵ£ȴԼͣҸղ˵ĶǺǧȥѽ
ӰץϰĲӣ˳Լòʶң
޵ϴˣ޵ү޵ϱ£ÿ춼ĻܲʶˣﻹڶʱĻأ֪֣Գƽϡ
ȻϰӰϳ˽ϡ
ӰԼȻЦ˳˵޵ҵòһģһˣ
ϰŵþ㱣û仰˼޵һģһѽ죬޵𣿿ĵɫͷǿɫ˫ۣбӣͣߣ̬ۿ㶼޵ѽ
˵ţȻ˺ͽϵЩͬҪ˵һ޵иºţ̱֣˵ǣ쵭ðɡ˭˵Ǹ۵ٺ٣Щ
ڷӦȵȣ㲻޵ϣ
ȻǡӰ΢΢һЦϰ˿ʱͻȻŤĲӣ˵ˣұ޵ϸݣɱˣ
˵꣬ϻûһŽɫĹâϰУֱ¡

ڻϰгʱĽϣѾ밲źСʵۻϡ
˵ԸｭڳǶһ·ɲһ䰲οʵĿջǶʱֻһƬ֣Զĳפʧ˷򣬶Լȴһۿŵλá
󷨣
ûҹѯʣСʵۣһ̵˱
һ𣬽Ͽʼ˳һµ֮·֥ǻصܹˮ½·ˮ·죬ֻҪǴ±ܽ붫Ĺĥ˰죬룬ҿǸѼӣںϱ˹ľסǱ֮
ԯ׶䲻˹ľ׺أԣˮ·
½·ΣҲС;ʮΧ׷½أֱɱĽϲʤ䷳Сʵ̾ʲôҳҳǹƼ޶ǻʵˣܱıɽ𰡣
Դˣϵ뷨ǣƨѽҪܶ콣¥Ͱɵһ߿ˡ
ͬ·ϣʳһֱʣķεõ³ʥ£˼ǿ֮һģ
⣬ķһЦĻӦǡſֻɫķ
ڷˣĿɿڴ
ʱѾ˶Ĺۿ߼һˮɽǵķΧ˹ӦòԽ׷
޵ϣԶͼڣɲ֮ôķЦ
û̱֮ޱصĪ֪
ϱӣԶͼڣɲķЦмΣ뵱꣬ʥ˲³ͽԶޣµ񽫾֮ףԯͼǰɱ
˫鰴ε˵ķ㻹ֵܣػķΪʲôɲǾ͸˵³ʲô·˭УԯͼǸʲô
ķЦԯͼǶǵǿ֮һԯ׶ĸף


246 Զأ2
ԯ׶ãȻͷ
˵϶Զŵ˽ⶼɸʾǣɸļ䱻ӡһ֣Ҳ˵Զʱʲôԣԯͼ֣ɻҲֻʣɻ
ķǲǴͷ˵̯
Ҳգұ˵𡭡
ķҪڣԶȻ̳һľ˹۹ľ죬ɱü޵ϣ׷ˣ˵ʱ򣬿ߣ

Ҳ˵Ҫߣɾʱĳ˵˼仰ʱãɵǼ֧ͨôǵģķ
޵ϣɲͨľӣķɫǵ۹ģװžʮˣҲǧţȻʥˣҲǿӵĵ֣
æ˵ķϸ磬Ƕֵܵĵˣʲô
ϵһָ棬ʾķϯض˵˿ʼˣ
ķгɣƺг񣬱㻺˵Զʷòˣʥˣ³ᣬһͼڣͶоبŵһս񣬿ޣ
ͶȻЭĴʼ𣿡
ĪͶ֮Щ˵
ķɫԶŴ죬еأ֮ҲγͳΪ硣֮УûͼڵģĵһͼڣԼڴ֮һ꣬־ͽͶ
Ͷʷ֮ڵĵһͼǿߣ
ķ˰Ͷٵͼ֮·ͼŻչԼ󣬰Ͷ˵һȻЭᣬּǣͼǿǾһͬͼ޵ϣ֪ľƷͼ֮·ʱµģ
ԶʱȻ㣬԰ͶΪ׵ͼǣʮ֮졣ټϵһȻЭӰ죬ܿ죬ߵͼ֮·ص㣬֮Ϊ֮ĵһʥˣ
ķ֮ĵһʥˣǲ³ᣬʥˣͼڣ³ᣡ
۾һƲͶǵһͼڣ³ǵһʥˣһɽݶǿ϶Ǵ˰ɣ
ʱͼǣزû³ʥˣͶǵûжʼɣоϲֻ˵Ըݲ³ΪʦѧϰΪʥ˵ķķЦͶԭǽ³ͼ֮·ĵʦȴ˲³ΪʦνػԶʱĵһѻ
ڲ³Ĵ£ԶʱͼǷ׷׽ܿ죬ˡĿĿʥˡͼʢңͼ֮ҲɢϣԼ󣬱֮ĵһʥˣ棡
ӣʮ𾦾ŮˣӡۼĿĵӣб̳صĿ˵ţķ̾˿в³ᣬͰӣﶼ٣Ƿƽʢҵǰɲʱ򣡿ϧҳʱؼ䵮һˣޣ
˵ţԶĺɱ޵Ͼǰ棬ɱ
ȵȣһԸ޵ϺѵУƾǳȥץҲأΧΧ޵ϣ״˵Ԯ
ȥţʮ˰ѽϵΧ˺ġ
ȴŲæ׷ķôˣ
ľӣķ̾ϢӢţͼ֮·ʥˣʮ꣬ǿʥ֮ϵľ磬Ϊ֮ģһͼߣ
Խʥˣͼߵľ磡⣬Ϊʥ˼ʵԼϷ˺ͺͼߵʵԼںڷˣ̷ͭˣ
ʵȼķ޽ͼߣԭ¹ʢϧȴûаͶͲ³أϹΪͼߵķԼͼΪͼ֮
Ұģ³ȴ̣ǲǴʵ
Ϊֹ޵Ұģ³ͰͶ˵һͼڴսķڵʱûгԽͼߵһսӰ첢󣬲³ͰͶ֣˿ޣԺ󣬲³ᣬͶޣΪ˵һȻЭӡ
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ԶսԶΧϵİΧȦ
ɫƽķûᣬӡƶȷ֮ƽƽضȹ꣬䣬кܶ˽ΪͼߣǣҪͻͼߵľ֮ʱҶͼ⣬ȴǷ˷磡
׼ȷ˵ǣӡѾͻƵĹؿڣ³һ֣ͼ֮ϵʵ̫ǿҲֲ̫ˣ˽ͼ֮ϵͼôضҪմȻԪʵ޵ϣ֪һҪȻԪҸ㣬Ϊ˽ͼ𣬶ڶ½һɽ棬ԪԪǶ½ѾӵͼĨȥˣǧ飬գۼ仯Ϊɻң
ϵһͼĴۣʵ̫ˣ
ǰͼĴۣʵ̫ˣԲ³ͰͶ飬Ϊ˱ʣԭ֮½ͼǲԽ𣡡ķͬʱΪڲӰȻǰ£ǿͼ³ͰͶֿͼڱؼĵһͼڱǡ
³ʥսװϲķ˵˵
ѹֲ³װôǿԭȻ֮ĵһױһףΪ˳Խͼı
˲³װ֮󣬲³ȻûнȴҲӵʱعͷʼͷΪһ֮˽ٵ֮½Ŀޣǣڶͼսʼˣ
ķȻһ̾ڶսУҵǰɲ˿µԯͼУ
ٴ̾˿սˣ̫̫ͼڶսˣΪ޵ʵ̫ǿˣ޵ϣĵȼݣڶͼսеĿޣѾӵ˰׷˵
ϺȻ˿˹׿ǶѾǰ˰ɣ
սʵ̫ˡ
ķ˶˻ΣؼǣôˣȻܽޣң޻ö֮صǻƵۣΪͼ֮
ۿſ޳Ƶۣ³ͰͶûа취ˣʱһ·İ׷վ˳˵а취ޣ
۽ϣԳǺӣѩɽˣʦ
ϵ۾зѩɽ˳֮óʲô취
ѩɽ˵һط԰ȥǿ꣬ƳؼǿͼսʿαЩαͨϵתֻֻصԳΪǿսʿܿޣ
ϵ۾ѾзһϸߣЩαǡ
ķûֱӻشأԵʱĴŮˣԼʮŮѾڿУΪ˸ŮǱ湱׳һӣӣùѪ⣬ѩɽƳ֮䣬һαǿսʿƽ
ƽ֮ѩɽټʮλͼǿߵ꣬ûƽģ壬ܹʮ˵Ĺӣĳһ죬ĳֻв³֪ڣսʿˣʼֻػսܿ޵Ĺƻ


247 Զأ3
ԭսʿǣѩɽģ
Ȼһ˵ĹŹζֻѩɽʵص޷⡣
սʿ֮أǲǻ˿ޣ׷ʵ
ǵģǴ˿ޣǣҲǴܿޣķĻشǳŹ֣͵޵ϣҪҵ˵׿޵Դ֪˵Ĳûдˡ
˵ϵͷ
˵޵ԴͲòһˣٵһͼڣ˹͢
ķɫԶʱͼڻǴ½ϵĽɣһǿͼ֮һ˹͢ǲ³֮˼ĵڶʥˡεЦЦսʿ֮ܿԭҪѿ޷ʬԷٴθġɲ룬˹͢ɿˡͼػٻط޵ʬ壬ͣĵء
˹͢ѿ޵ʬ壬ٻͼػ
ϵءһ
˹͢ٻ˿޵ʬ壬ԣޣΪ˿ٵһػָŽϱļػ˵޻ЩػأķԳЦЦޱٻ֮󣬱ͺ˹͢һʧˣʱû֪˹͢ٻ֮£Ϊ޵ʬѾʧǣڶ̶̵ʮ֮󣬿޻ˣ
ķң޻ˣѩɽ˵ط޵ϣ㻹ǵô˵ڶδսʱкܶͼǿ߶˿޵УԣʱЩǿߵʬ壬ڿ޵ǿ꣬ĴŮˣ
÷˵ʬ壬޴˵һߡ
ķҧ÷Ѫ޻ϸѡʮʬ壬һֻ׷ˣ̷ֻˣֻڷˣֻϷˣܹʮһ˵ķߣң㱻ѡΪڷ֮һ
˵սʿѩɽıߣǿı
ϵͷȻأ
Ȼ󣬻˵ôķЦߵʹɱսʿ޳Ϊͼ֮ߵ֮սʿ桭ƴ˸ܾˣ
ķȻε̾˿޵ϣղŶ˵ģҿԱ֤ǧȷʷ飡ǣ飬ѾҵⷶΧֻ˵ҿʲô͸ʲôеԵɡֻȥдĦˣ
㲻飿ʾķ˵
ֹǲ⣬ֱ̫˼ˣķεΪڹսʿͷƴ˸ܾ֮ʱͻȻһŮ˳ˣŮ˵ͨ񣬳һߡ
ﰲϾ˳
ﰲڼǰѾˣķҡͷ޵ϣҲ˵ﰲӺζۿˣﰲ֮һѽսеĹͷ˷ֿˣֻ˵б£˭ܽȫһұƵұ㲻ƽǵ·͸Ҵȥ
ȥһ˵治仰˼
ķҲ˵ףֻǵﰲ˵⻰ʱ򣬲³Ҳսϣң߻û¶ĹˣԳƣʹ

ϺȻ̾Ϊ뵽˾ʥǼڻķھʥϵĳ棬ݵս
һҲ֣ķŹֵΪ˵һսھʥؽеģǼڻǲ³Ϊ˼һսʤֻ滭ģ
˵˱ڻķһսĽǣ߲ﰲĶ֣⣬ʹ֣÷ָ˼䣬ԭŮǣߣͶ˲³ᣡ
ѱˣﰲͿأʵ
ﰲʹһﲻʧˣޡ
޺ܽƻķʼս֮󣬿Ҳʧˣս֮󣬲³Ѱ˰½Ҳûҵ䣬󣬻ʹطڴӣ̲߱ҵ˿ޡ
ǣʱʮ֮ٴλĲǷߣ֪Ūһطƾط޶ڴ棬ʼ˴ͼ𣬽Ϊͼڡĵ·
ͼڣͼǿľ磬ͼڣЦȼƺţôԽϣԽأ
޵ϣƲͼڡľ磬ͼھ˼ǣһ㵽磬Ȼͼڣ㣬ǧΨһף
ķɫ˵ͼֻ൱̷˵ˮƽͼڵľ磬ǳԽ˻ƽԽ˷£һ޶
ðɣ޽ͼڣǿˡ
ϰ࣬ȻѾҪһƬ½ˣǽͼڡ죬ޣҪٵ磡
ǣÿ޳ɹ綼֮䣬ֻʣ˿ޣȻ󣬿޿Լһȫµ硭
ķЦȻ³ͰͶǲÿ޵óѵģһͶԼ˴ӵĿ޷³ҵ˿޵ڶ³װ߼ô³㰲ȥʹÿ˴һװ³ֳǿĵ߼װ߸ˣߴװڻ˿ޣΪ˷ֹٴػ˼䣬³ֳֵװѿ޷ӡԼ棬Ȼ󣬲³ȥԼ磬һ⳾
³ᣬͶΰ˰
ϲ̾ʵ֮أ
֮󣬲³ͰͶҲˣ˼䣬ʹԼƽͷķЦ꣬ʹʥͷȻСȴ˴ţƺһжƽˡ
أķϾ֪ؼģ
ǣķȻԶʱǺʱٵǸʱڣ˺͹Ⱥȥĳһ죬ƽҲҪˡ
Ͼȡ
ûʲôþȵģķǴﵽ˴˵еġͼڡ磬ȻûƽҲ⣬ҲǣǰƽҪ£һҪһĴߣѩɽˣڶҪԼ֮ʬʥ桭
ʹȻ׻ƽ˼Ҳˣڼѩɽ֮󣬻ƽʥȻ󡭡޵ϣ飬Ѿ֪˰ɣ
΢΢һЦȻ֪ƽ䣬ȴֻ̨ĳطٻʮλսʿֵɱĶˣ
Ȼû֪Ϊʲôƽȴͨ⿪ֻؼӵķЦ޵㲻֪ǣƽ⿪ֻؼ֮󣬲ʵԭӵ˴˵еͼ֮
ͼڼĻƽ˿ɵˣ
ķ̾˿Ϊ˶Կƽûа취һֻصķߣǵֻؼЭץƽ
ǣͷǿ֣ƽĳ棡


248 ҵĵ̣
ڽϺķ̸֮ʱΧľҲԽԽࡣ
ȫ䱸Χ޵ϣ
ʥʿҲˣһǰΧ޵ϣϷط꣬Ҳǳͷ񣬱ʥʿԶԶذΧ˽ϡ
أѾƬһߣˡ
ǰ˵۹ܹʮȻʮ˲ܶ׷ϣҪ߾ģǣԹ㣬ôһת۵Ĺ˶ʮӣ
ҶҰսӣ
ʥʿţΧҲʮˣ
ҪǣԶԶأһչд׵ţȻ۶ĸ֣ҲѾˣ
޵ϣˣ
СʵµɫˣŵһƽӣƺԽϺķĶԻȤ
ֻķ˵
ʱһս˵Ҳɣҵϼң̫ǿʼģ
ķʱ׷ƽһ·׷̫ǣҲ̫һսֱɫ䣬ʹҲˣֻ˵飬Ҫֵ˼䣬Ȼǲòָ
߳ŭ޷ƽѣ
ҲãҲãܹܵô
ʹ׷״ЦҲսš
޵ϣ룬ƽѾǿͼھ磬ټʹͷεֵסѣѩɽȣѩɽ˳ֹ
ϣѩɽȴ˵Ǳоһѧʣʱ߲
ģֱЦĽڣҪȣȥʹ޿̣ѩɽ˵ĴšʱѩɽһСϻӣֻ˵ҪսܻƽԭҲѣŵϻӸˡ
ϻһ
޵ϣĲ֪ΪʲôһϻӣЦ˵ԭˣԭˣԭһеԴѩɽˣлԿˣ
˵꣬ƺʲô뿪ս
ٻʱѾƽɱһϢҲȫûˣǣƽһûκԵɵأӵˡͼھ
ԽŹ֣ķ
дһм仰˵ˣ
ķΧľԽԽ࣬ǵ»һսȽױ˵Ļɫͼ֮ʱƽѾƣˣǣѴ֮˻ƽɱʹ
ɱʹ֮󣬷ԭлģ֪ΪʲôҽһͻȻʧˣ
ʷչ׶ΣƽˣӰ٣ҲͻȻʧʹûȤͳһ˼䣬ǡ˼ף
Уԯͼӣ׶վ˳ϧֱѩɽ˴򵽣ѩɽˣ֮ҲȺ֮֮һ仰ǸʱӢ۱ȴû˭һͳ£
ڣǺԪ꣬һаͶѸˣ
ķɻĽϣЦҪ֣ͶɲǴͼڰͶֻǣͶ֮ʷĵһͼڣǳԣÿһȻЭ䣬㶼԰ͶΪ
˵ͶʱȻЭ䣡
ķȻЭİͶ֮⣬˹ʥˣʥҲѸ𣬳˼䣬ɴˣʷ֪ǺʱҲƽ
ƽ֮Ҳػָһ仰˵ǣٴδֻؼתֻȥˣеӣеֻأ֮ı
Ǿ
ķһת׼ȷ˵ʮƽͻȻٴγ˼䣬ħ֮֮Ȼһţ˵ǣ˭ܴ߼³װ˭ܽͼڣӵвѷڵ꿭޵ҡԶֻؼĿƣΪ㲻ߣ
Ȳ⴫ŵ٣Ϊ䴫ţΪ˲³߼װ˺͹ٴ˳ͻ
ҪǣڲǰѾɷʥ棬ͻȻһԳļһһʹҲ֪ǵĿʲô䴫Ϣֻ˵һʹҲ᲼³߼װ
޵ϣ֪ȫˣ֮ǿǣѾΪ³װˣ
˵ţķָָԼؿڡңԭɲתⱲӣôūңΪ۹ˣǣͽɸ֮Ҳס
޵ϣ֪ɲǲ³ͽҺ׾͵õɸĲ³ʥ£Ȼʥµİ£һǰļ䣬ӵ˺ڷ˵
ķ˵꣬ϴЦǺڷˣǻƽڣ׼ɱ𣿡
һˣֵܣڷ˵ȷɱ㣬ķٲֵܰ
ķҲЦ
ЦԽģȻɫһܽ˵˺͹仰һ仰޶Ϊûп޵ͼڶ仰Ϊ㲻˳ͻ仰ǣΪ˵õ³װΪ㲻ʹ˵еͼھ磬ڻڳͻ𣿡
һҲ
ķվļʮ޵ϣ֪ģ㶼֪ˣʮ棬Ҳܻɱȥҵҵתҿֻؼһֵܰɣ
˼׼ҶϺһҵƽ
ûûεЦˡ
ķ΢΢һЦûжͣȻ˵ˡ
ķ֣µأǶ
ϺȻָָ棬촽ﶫ޵ϵĵ̣׸׷ҪƴҲֲ㶯ֵġֵҸᣬ㿴Ϸɺã
˵꣬Цеߵǰȵף
޵ϣ׷һ£ô㲻׼ˣ
ײǰЦеŽϣͺٿһֻϻ
ӣʲôҪӣԼң̵һԼļſڣʱסӣǳ˴½Ц
ŶĪ㻹һս׵۾з
սһ㼸⡭
һָһ֪ʲôط𣿶ﶫҽҵĺԺ
ڶ֪ҽңжٱ𣿡
ΣϲûԴ𣬶ЦףĻش
֪ǧʮ˲һǰأЦ޵ϣƾǧһս
⣡
ûףŭȵ֪ǧʲôˣʲô·㲻֪ӽ㿴һڶҽΪеĺĬȫ棬Χף
أﶫ˾춯صĹ޺
һ
µʮʿҲһ
ʱһʿȻñһŤͷȥ
죬һֻ鲻֪ӺζһذףɭɭؼĲϡ
ڶʿҲԣһŤͷֻһֻʬӵ˳һȾѪĹͷ󸫣
죡
ۿȥ׵ʮ࣬ǣʿ࣬Ϣɱĸɾ䣬ֻһĹ̵ʿҹ֮ԭԽ죬ʮ򣬰ʮ򣿲ʿ˷ΧΧ˸ˮйͨ
£úˣ
֮ǰֱһˮɽǵȷĬЦظȣֻĬ£޹ַҹ߾ĬԸΪƽ˹۹ʤ޹飡
žž
з۾֣ƺĬĺ£Цף׷߾еӣӲС治Сˣǣеֵıô


249 鷳
޵ϣȻӵǿľӣ
׵۾˸ĹâжʼɣֲģãȻ⣬˵Ϊһ֮¿϶вٵ鱨ԱһˮɽǵҲġ
׵õ鱨ģ˵һˮɽֻǧȻǧͼڣٻʿûжٵʬ壬޵Ӧò̫ľӡΪʬ岻࡯鱨ײŸҴ׷߾
ô޵ͻȻӵôľӣôʬ壿
ʬԴԼ˵Ҳ˵ʱ򣬽ϸ߾ֱۣʾݻЦף뿪ô
ŶĪǶܷ뿪
ʿһЦȻɫƽѾˡ
ΪʲôأЦֻҪشһ⣬Ӧ£Ȼһ̷֤㣡
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ЦĽҺǴŪģ
׿ߵ𣬡ȻЭҵģҪϸ鱨ֻˣңֻܸ㣬ۻʱҽҺҺҴЭ飬˵ֻҪҴӦȻЭһЩȻЭᣬȫ֧ҵõ˹۹
ȻȻЭڱϵȻЭ֧ʵۣôĳ룬˵ɣ㶼Ӧʲô
ǣͻȻԳЦЦ˵㲻š𿪳򵥵Щţ˵ֻҪɱ˹ҳԱҳȻЭλҽҺ֧ͳһ˹۹
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Ϊ˱Һ䷽ȻȥԼһýϵɴ۾ðβЦЦˣҪҺ䷽ΪˣðɣףֻҪһ֤֤ܰƽͻ̳뿪
֤ǣ㹻˰ɣ
ͻȻץסԼұۣ͵һ˺ڽǰұۣ棬ҺĦˣձպ
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ף㻹ôѽ
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أٶʬȻʧ˵£Щȱµǣǲɱ˲µʿôǰǻЩʿʬ壬Ȼ࣬Ҳߡ
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£ɻǵǰ䣿Ųæһսɫ䣬ҹٽļСͦɫ˸һɶţЦǵǵʬ塭
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䣬Ĭı˶ԽϵĳƺȻϵĹԽǿҵ˹ҵĹС
ԼľӣϺȻ̾˿Ϻ£һ۹ˡ
ޣ۹һıһǴ䣬Ҳû·չ֮죡ǫѷЦЦ
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ЩĲ˵̫ġ

ʱ䣬뿪ңں£һˮɽѾһģԶԶȥֻһƬɽ֮Уս಻ɭɭ͸һɿֲ͹ɱѾһȫ»Ķݣ
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룬ûȻûۼų֣һ룬ԯ׶ȫһ֮£ܴԼ뿪˵ãҲǸ̷ˣڰһǿ߰
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˹͢ȻһЦ߽һˮɽǣ;ͼڣʿڻûжõʬ壬׷ײ
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أʮӰһˮɽǡ


253 ǿ
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ѩŷ˹࿴һۣŷ˹ͷǸ⣬֮ǿɲΪҪ˵ˣֻһˡޣ
ԣȫƽȣ
һѩҧгݵѼ޵ϽңҴã
˹͢룬Ҳԣ
ǣǳ˽ϣ
ţɣ
ں˹͢ҪȥҽϣҲƴһ׼ʱಣಣಡ
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ˣ˹͢˫ĿԲȳı̶һϣѩһٳ´󽫱ǿ°״ҲЩģ
Ĺìٴγ֣˹͢ڹìг嵽ʮ˵룬ֱ̽Ҫץ
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˵Ǻ˹͢ĸ壬ǣ˹ֻ͢ôһ壬ûʮѽ
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˹͢ս鼫Ϊḻ֪ʱܷ㶣ȻͿ֣һ֮󣬱ϳ֣ìʮ֪·
ǣ˹͢վԥƬ̣
̶̵ʮ֮һ룬Ѿ㹻ܶܶˡ
磬һò뽭ϿƵļһѾ˺˹͢ǰ
˵˹͢Ѿͼ뿹Ҫа߰׷˵˹͢һб̷ѩ磬ƺҲ˵ˣǵǿһ
Ժ˹͢ǳţһǰͻȻӰǽϣҲ룬ֱץ޵ϣƾ㣬Ҳҵȥ·
鷳㿴ҿɲ޵Ŷ
΢΢һЦ

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˵飬ˣ
ֻ赭д֣ץס˺˹͢ƣȻҲʹʲôʽطֻǻأأһأ˺˺˹͢ƤĹͷգۼ䣬˹ֱ͢۶صѪ⣡
˹͢޷Ӧ
˻ϰݣɢֱۣץס˺˹͢ļһ⣬ۿţҪ𵽺˹͢Դˣ
˹͢棬ָֻҰ
ЦеܻظʮԸ㣬һҪ˷һЩɾƾðɣðɣұͷǣһ꣬Ŷ겻棬ҿҪ͵Ŷ
˹͢εѣ
ĵһͷǣָܻȫʤ״̬ˡ
ڶͷǣǸģҵ֪ôˣһָһţûлָȫʤ״̬
˹͢һңߣ׼޻ཻ˹أվ㱻Ҳ

Ȼ䣬˹͢뵽һˣҲֻˣת˲ɱԼ
׼ȷ˵ϵ£˿޺Ͳ³ᣬǿ˲ɱκһǿߣ
ƽ𡭡
˹͢˵˵ֻ֣˵һ룬ʱѩŷ˹˹͢սܣݺҲһһҳ˹ͼӪȺ˹͢
̷ˣڷˡ
ͷƺ廳Զŵļ䣬ͻȻͷһЦҪɱңǻ񰡣
˵ţıųֻɫֻһˮɽ˲䱻һŽɫĹâ֣ѩ磬ŷ˹׻Ѫ

Ҳ૵˵֣ЩģЩԸģţʱҲеľԿ־壡
ǡ
ңϻվֻãһȻиУһѪζͷ
ķֻķѾɬЦˣ³һ֡
棬ƽ𣬹


254 һеսᣬֻܣ1
Ļƽ֣һУɱ˹͢һУŷ˹ѩ硣ܣǧŴ½Ҳֻ֮Ტˣ
³ᣬ
ĴʵѾӽǸˣ
بŵһս񣬿ޣ
޵ϣĻƽˣ
ķֻһɫս׻ȣ³ʥ£˱ϣӲȥˣսɣ
ս𣿡
Ҳȥ˳صĹСʵֲۣ𵶣ְסСʵ۵콣¥Ȼʼ磬߰ɣ
˵ţЯַ˵档
ֻѾһ棬˹͢ͷ­˸飬֮ڻƽУذ棬ŷ˹ѩ磬Ѿڵأغ鶡˸εѣ
ˣҲûбֻǴڲΪṩ鱨ѽ
ع˵ϣƽյĹӳ٣˼ǿ
ҳϣĺҪ𣿡
ƽͷЦⰻȻؿأһˣҪ𣿡
ˣҪɱңذ仰Ϊƽϻһˡ
ƽҡҡͷõĺ뵱꣬˹ͶʥˣǺȴﱰϥ߳ܣʲô߳ܣأ𣿡
ˣͳһֻΪǿˣҲŴǺӾţܸأڨЦŰ
ȤȤɱ㣬Ȥ
ƽŤͷȥסһ򣬡ǣȽȤ
ϺķҲѾ˰ա
ĺܹ죬Ϻͻƽһ棬ֱվӣɫĳǿɫ˫һıӣһͣ˫̥Ҳû
׼ȷ˵Ǻһͬһˣ

޵ϣһģһ޵ϣҲӵлƽ޵ϡ
ƽŽϣЦĸ⿪ģȴͻȻʳһýĪĻ
㣬һУֻǣ㣬𣿡
ƺ㣬Ӧʲôͷ̱ûһ飬ðɣϸңҲô
Ŷ޵ϣ
ƽŵرסԴңȻûס뽭һģһĿðɣðɣҸһʾ㻹ǵãԴ֮𣿡
Դ֮أϿķֻķҲҡҡͷ
찡Ȼף
ƽشٴأƺһƤĺӣͻȻ߲ˣ
ðɣðɣȻ㿴ңûף䲻ϻƽˣ޵ϣĻƽ͸Ұɣ
˵ţƽһֻɫĺɵ˽ǰ
³ᣬܣ
ķ𱳺磬˽ǰ棬ֻĶһ޴Ĺ֣ܳƽײ΢һķѾļٺɣֱҪգɵȥˣ
ƽҲǿ𣿡
ϲûķΪ֪ʱ˿̣ʲôȷģ
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޵ϲ֪Ҳ֪ô
ڻƽ齣⣬ҲҪ˺ѽ֮ʱͻȻһЦ
һӰԣֵ콣¥ң
ȥ˵۾һæСʵ۵˳
Ŷ֪ڶ˭
ƽˣͷҲʵ
Ȼ֪ڶˡ콣¥֣һտ޽ͼڣ³ʹߴװڷ˿ޡڶˣǵֳ콣¥ʹ֮һҲңʹĸ࣡
â콣¥ֻе⻯һ޳Ĵ󽣣ֽ֣ʹһƽһ˿޵ۣʿɱȵϿޣ
ǹʹ
ʱȲϿޣң񰡣
ƽЦ޴ĻƽĽɫˡ
Ǿڽɫˣ͹ʹĴ󽣼֯ʱ򣬻ƽͻȻգһʽ
ôҴˣʹֽ
ҲǲֻͻȻ㲻Ӧôô˼ˣƽЦ
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һӡ֣ʹ˵ö֮˿ûǧǿ֮һҫǣĻȴûƽüͷңȥãҲӻΪﰲȥã
ЦݸӹأһԸ㣬Ϊսԯ׶ȫ壬ﰲ˵һֻؼսܺ׶֮ﰲƺ˷裬Ȼ˵ڶֻؼһǰļ䡭ﰲǸԴ֮أӺͷȫʢ״̬ȫԱҲ޷һĿֲڰ
ﰲ
ƽɫһ䣬ЦʹŻң
бҪŻ𣿡ʹЦ㲻ңǺãҾ˵һ仰ŻŻ㣬仰ǡﰲƺҵԴ֮صΪ˽Դ֮أ˺׶ΪǺң׼Ĳֻؼ
ļﰲ
ƽ죬ʼĺأʹû˼ˣȤȥһô
ҲҪȥ䣬һս

˵ţƽһɫĹâգ۱ʧˣʮҲź˹͢µһ뿪
ʦ
ۿƽ뿪˿кǷ˵ľʲô
дңʹһϣͷѾﵽͭʵϲ𵶻꣬Ҳһˡ޵ϣʱ䲻࣬Ҽţʮһͨͨ뵽һң
˵ţʹҲˣ
ô£
˭˵ʲô
ԽԽͿˣҲסˣʮ֪֮Ϊʲôͱһܵظ
Ȼ󣬽Ȼ򣬴˹͢ˣٴλصǵĿƣӣҺ˹͢ʬ壬ɱĵڹѸ
ڽϵĴ£һˮɽǵ϶ǣڹѸ˼һ㷭ƤҲҲһ
˹͢һûгʧһˮɽǣһ첻ð
ȫף˹͢пܻûٻԼĳͻп
˹͢ûг𣬵ҲƽɱһΣô꣬ʱӦȥģ
뵽ϻӻ֣ҲڹѸˣ˹͢ʰȥ䣬ΪģΪ˺˹͢Ҳһܵظˣ
ʦҪȥܵظ𣿡
Զһ۵ˣȻʶһװ磬ѩɽͽϵʦ֣
ǰʦλʹѾɱΪֲţֻٴһϢѩɽͽǰһţһƣдţѩɽѩɽͽͼǿߣȫԱܵظ


255 һеսᣬֻܣ2
ܵظ˴鷳ϰ
ܵظ飬ʦһż֪ˣѩɽͽ͵ʦõϢʮǰʧѾõĲ³߼װܵظΪ˶ȡװռŰɯѾʥ䣬ȻЭᣬܿҲǲǰܣУղһսҿˣ˹̷͢ˣйʹƽҲѾȥ䡭أҲǳװȥġ
Сʦܣʦ㣬콣¥Ͳ³ʥ£ʮظϵ䣡
ѩɽͽɫɫأмǣһжҪСģΪ߼³װˣ
߼װҪ룿
ҵȺУһ仰ɵ΢΢ҡͷⲻܣصĵװ䣬ǣߴװ֮޸̨ȴȻЭУôܳ䣿
ţ˵ˣϱ䣬ȡ߼³װͬʱΪ˱֤ףսȨ֮⣬޸̨Ҳʱʹã
˻۾
ǣ޸̨ȻҲˣߴװˣ
ת
Ҫȥ޵ϣҲҪȥҲҪȥ
ʱСʵ˵ĶԻ˷ܵش֪һ˹ȥ䣬˵ܼ˹أ
Ҫȥ
죬⺢Ψ²ҰСʵۣҲ͵ڴ콣¥Ĳܲȥðɣһܵظ顭·ģţףָ˹ҵͳλ
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Сʵ۵̱ءȻֻһȵһ
ʦһ֮룡ŵȻŹʹ˵ҼСѾ˵ֻؼпȥԴ֮أʶϣ׷ʦȥһ䣬ѰҼС㣡
ﰲôҪȥϺ
ʦ֪ʹ˵Դ֮أҼСҲһ翵֮أȥĻֻ·һǴߣһǴӵߣ·˼ͼʥأ
ŵֻǣһ·ãʥڵأûб촩ԽʥҪߵڶ·˼ͼʥأȴҪƣҲ߲áҪҼС㣬ֻ·ˡ
ԭϵͷȻһﰲᵽԴ֮أԴ֮أʲôط
⡭ãʦ£ҲֻСᵽƺ³߼װʵϲԼģԴԴ֮ء⣬ҼС㣬ҲԴ֮ء
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ƺԴ֮أһеԴأ
ðɣʰʮȥ䣡
緢ظߺһ䣬ȻʰţǸţСģأĪʲôŴϹɣ
ȻһЦʦֻȴʦ곤һꡣ
Ŷ㲻Ϲ°ͣʵ֪ʶţ˵㲼õ󷨣ֻйŴϹܲóģ㲻ϹЩ
⡭
ãȻҡͷʦʵڲ֪λشˣŵ֪ʶСһִڵģʦױǸӤСһִġɫŹ֣ЦʦĪҪ׷ʣӤ֮࣬ҼС㣬Ϊεһ
ϵͷĬϡ
ʦҲ֪ЦֻҼС˵ҵܽСȫһңܰСƵųȫǱܵǸˣһеʣԿӭж⡣
ðɣС㣬ǹŹŹֵֹģ
Դҡͷ

ѩɽˣ𣬺˹͢һϤֶѾۣף޸̨սȨȣǿ߼Ҳ֣ƺһеһУҪһ˽᣿
־򣬽ϵ׼Ȼ֣ķţལˡһˮɽǵĸּȫԱ⣬˼ѾûֿܵԣǿӲקѲԸ׹еά˶УҲԼĶ顣
һˮɽֻʣ˺ԼҽѧԺ裬뿪İɯ
ȻֻǸͨŮҲ
ʮ峿ʹ˵ջУѿһ϶

һȣ׹ſżӰޱ޼ʵⳤա
޵ϣһ·ƽ˺ĸ׼Ļƽ࣡ɯͺɽ֮ϻͱ
Ƚϵ˵ıӰʧɯͷ蹤أأеľ޴Ȩȡ
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ŵ
ˣˣѾڳ¼ϣսƾ졣
ͬǣˣͼڣ˵֣ķѾжˣ
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𣿡ŭȵ˵ЩʱˣҺϹѾˣԴӺ˹͢ٻ˿ޣЩΣͼڣ㱻³˱ӣΪǽɵܻѵǣңĻֲȷѪ𣿡
ǣܣͼǴ޵
ǾѣǾܴ־壡ǰܣڣҲԣͬǣѩɽȥˣȻЭĸҲȥˣǿ˭Ǹף࣬һռŵϷүǣƾ⼸ˣܵס𣿡
ǲܣҵȾָ˿棡
ؿڣʧ̬ǻʲô˼俴һͼڣѣֲĴڣǣԭ֮½е߹ߣˣ
Ĭ׳ʱȷ棬ɵһţ˹۹ƴۣ£һף̲˹ȫ
ĬŤˣͼڣҲ̲۹һˣ
Ĭû뵽Ȼ׳˵ڶƣ챾սӣ£ҵƽܱߵʮСȻ󱼸ӣĻȺɽ
ͼƳ֣սײӣشѩɽռŵ۹Ķ߾һ·ڣֻҪʬ壬ֻҪٻΪʿʬ壡ºҪ򵽴ذңҴʬ壬Ȼϣһˮɽǣڶţ
ͼһ˿Ĺâة࣬롭
ɵڶ֮ҹռű֮ڣҪһˮɽǣ޵ϱµ˵ռŻʳǵߵ㣬ñ£˼۹
һЦңڽҳ£׶ˣҺݣؽܺһСŲĺҾ۹ضˣߣֻҪ֣ұ㷢һǣͳһԭ֮½
ة࣬¸ǰСʵ۸ûͳһ½鰡
ڽֲѡ
ȴЦˣû˵ӵģͲһ𣿻˵ǲͳһ½һǧţʷζ
ڽ࿴˿أһײеɱ
Цøӿģգ૵|׶ҵĴ磬㻹šűãֻҪţҺ֤㿴ֻҪڣͳһ½Ƿ֮飬꣬Ҵ˫ȣϳţˣش


256 ս䣬ź
һݽڵ飬Ǳǡ
ΪϴУֻһЩƬȴûʵ࣬ҲֻСֵĵùһ䣬㿴һıѪ
㣬㣡
ãҪأСı˿
٣˭ˮˮҿɾͲ
һ峺ˮأʮŮȫ㣬ˮˮϷֻˮУഺŤŮ˽֣ķɫĶ˴⡣
ʦ
ɫͨ죬ĵݸһ
ֽӹڱĨĨȥʱմ˺ɫҺ壬С㣬лˣ벻ҪᣬⲻǱѪֻǣֻҽ緬ѽԶˡ
ʦͣףѽԶˡſڲĵصͷ
ʱ˹һôϣˮزԶһ۱ܿɫǣ֦ҶïˮŮƫƫǡ͵ľص㡣
ȻϿǸ˾ӣȻ۾ôģ췢ģ֤ɲǹ͵ġ
׼ȷ˵Ǳ͵ġ
Ҫӽѷһ˵
ʹ˵ѩɽ˵żҲˣҪ䣬ֻҪ磬һ·ֱ߾УԽϽѷֻ̱̫֮գ˷ǳ貣ǳͷȴһɫĹâ
ȥĳˡ
˷ڣڿҪʱΧǳͻȻѸ궯ƺһ磬Ÿɫһ䣬籩ʦСģǻ籩Բ񣬱ܱǿգһƯ
籩ٳ֣ȻײһķüͷȻǰļУҲʶ籩Ŀֲ
СΪ̾˿ǰգС뺣׶սѾǳй켣籩෢Ҳǹˡ
ǲ˵ЩؼģϲҲܻ籩ʲôģؼǣôƽ䣿
籩˵˵߾ߣ޹켣ѭ˾Ͷ㲻ȥֻӲˣ
ķкʵСʵۺͼ£޵ϣұӲȥ
ӲҲãҲգ뻹Ҽǵã籩̫ңλֵסץסŵ´˺һ´˻ΣŲţƾ´Ҳƽסһˡ
׵ķ籩Ҳˣֻ˺ķǳҲζ˲Ϣ֮䣬ζԽԽ󣬿ҲԽԽңϵ˶ž޴ѹǸڿ
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ķһȣԼļƽڣһ࣬СʵۺҲ룬ֻά˶ķӦȽϹŹ֣ۿ񱩵ǿգȻ̾˿գա
˭Ҳûܣά˶յؽ˳ڣƺķ籩˵Ƕߵһ΢硣
ʣ¶ϺĽȴûôùˣСʵˣû취콣¥ۿһ޴ǳƬҲ룬һץס˰ŵкķŰţһȥ
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ķߣֻǳƬѾû˻˭Ҳƽ뿪Ҳ룬Ӷ³ʥ£ֻʥԽԽȻǳƬȻ󡭡
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ʦķѽƺĳԶˡ
ڶ

ڹˮġİһӻûӦ۰ţֻɬָԼͣһðɣּɫҺ塣
ҵķѽĳԶˡ
ĨȥӺϵķۺɫҺ壬ţ䣿дУˮظﻨ㣬ⰻȻ˼û𣬻ɵ䣿
Ӧþ䣬С˵䱾˼һ棬ɫҲģ˼άУ꣬͹Хĳ档̧ͷյ˵˼𣬱գûֻ̫ǻɵһƬ
˵ţĵصۻڹ顯Ľϣʦ˷ɢǲջҼˣ
ⲻ𣿡ָˮزõŵھ뿴һǲмˣƬˮ档
ʦ˵ķ򡭡Ȼ࣡ŵЩ
ʲôˣҹ
ͷ֮ϣͻȻһȣȻ;һӰƺڸա
̧ͷһֻһƬܲɫƤѾѹͷϿաƤϻֻ޴צӣһָףѾнϵͷ­С
ôһޡ
ʦСģϻˮأӦϣա
ǡ
ϵѹǰޣ΢΢һ㶣ӴȻö˵ȫɫۼƤͷ­·棬ɴӲӿʼ𽥱ֱ֣һ˼βʹֻ˷ļ׶ң޵ı󣬻԰ɫģľ޴

ԭľϴк벻Ҫᣬǲĵˣֻǡ
ʦߣ
ץϣٶȣ͵سԶ
ΪʲôҪߣϲǳ䣬Ҫѣԡ
ʦѾŭߣֻ·һżʦмǣһ̰ΪעصػأеһңǳˮеŮӣضĳ檣ǿãǴŭѽóε̬ȣҲƱɱ죡
⣬Ѿ˼ʧǧ꣬ʦǵ˽̫ˣŽǿᵽ˺εȵزֻ迴ǵһԳģѾѷ˼ͼԳģʥ˼Գ򣬷ǳԽʥ˼𣬲ѷ̷ˣͭ
ɫ죬ʦĪǻնɱɣǧ򲻿ɣȻѾͭ밲֣ս塭ɫ조ȻƧȺӵģɱһڶɱʮ𾦾ȻĪ壡


257 ʱ1
ɱһһȺ峤ӡʮ𾦾Ǿѽѣ
Ϻ֣֮Լ̬Ҳ仯˺ܶ࣬ΣͷȻƤЦؿЦˣ
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ԶĴԴͷҿѪˮŨȣСʱ֮ǰο·һ漰˵Ĵɱ
ƾѪˮʦ֮ܿѶϢžȵס͡
һܿ࣬רҲһõʬ٣õʬ٣ȴһǽרңϰѺˮڱԣᣬɫأѪҺζƫ𣬵һζҲ֪ǷѪҺɱǷй꣬Ҹұ֤ɱߣһޣˣ
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˵ţմһԭ׷أڰѲ׷١
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һ˼ķŵĿ̲סЦʦˡԶ෬ѽ֮⣬ԭ׷ưҲǵ̳
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Ҫ֪ǰϻ鶡ˣʱڷ˶أ
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ֻղ鶡ƺ˺ܶ࣬ɫͷѾ׷Ҳ˲ơ˼ǣſһԡɫķ˳
׷ˣ
鶡˲Ƿһ壬ôΪ׷ˣ
ģѹ¹ƤƵģһ³̫׷˵һ㣬ֻлƽа֮ƥС
һͭŲ൱̷ˣδӮ鶡ˣ
ޣޣޡ
ʱ鶡Ҳ˽ϣͻȻ쳣˷ܣ˵ˣ޵޵ϣ˵Ůάأ
ά
άǴӾۻʱʧٵģʧ£˼޳
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˵꣬˷ҲƵˡ
鶡˾סҲýϸЩۣǣȻվԭأ˺þúþá
ŷ˹Ϲæɱ
ͻȻ鶡˴һ˺Σ޵ˣ޵ڳˣǣҲϣһŮˣ


258 ʱ2
䣬ϳνء
ӻأˮԵĶȥˣϺͰŷƴȫ͸֧˰СʱҲĲ٣ˮرߴϢ
ȤǣʮŮѾ·ںŽϡ
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һСʱʼ硣
ǺǣѹˣȻһЦ͵էǺãҾ͸˵˵ľ棬ҲǺߣŭǲǿߣץһӣ˰ߣ֮ǰλǲȸҽһ£ǵǣ
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С㣬ƺεؿ۰š
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ɣ
ͬȻ
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ķ
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еġķǰ˸ƽɫѾΪˣ

ȻΪʲôƺ׷ʲôˣЦҸղ˵޵ϣ˵ҸЦðɣ˵˵ɣĳʶУ޵ʲôӵģ
޵ʥ𣿡
߰ͷգ޵밲λʥƮ죬ֻǴ˵еĴڣ˻˵ȴʥЩԨԴ
໡
˵ţմһƬӰ֣ʮͷģҲĶģֲǣȻͷľ
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ʱ䣬Χס˽ϣͷӴ忴֮һ˫ȶˣ
˵ǣ徹Ȼûг
ӭ壡첽ܵԣָŽϵ壬ҪܾŮˣ塭
˵仰£
εǰָָԼıӣʶҰɣ
ˣ˭ҲҲ
ţȻ˺ܶ࣬㻹ǵðŰɣָָš
Ȼǵãͷ
һָⲻֶӣҪţԼŰɣ
˵꣬кߵһԣ˲ˮ
ģ۵
ɽ֮д˷ŭ֮Զֻ仯ͷ죬ŲȵأץƵУҪˣ
壬
ˣ޵壬ңҾ˸Ů˰
ŮӲܣģŮˣ͸
ۣ
ۣ
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ڶСǰ˿еĲˮ
޹Űţָ֪Ůˣ⻰ͦŤ⣬⺢ӴСͰҵ裬Ҳûë
˵䣬죬ͨΣ񱼶ڽϽ£޵裬ˣҵˣ
ʮ𾦾ĺ壬Ȼӣ
ȻǻʵĿǽϵĵػ
ͳǧ壬۰ܣ


259 ʱ3
ҾȻ󡭡
أ޵࣬У峤֪ǺãǼĳѾŵĻȥֻнϣ̱Ľ°ͣ赭д˵š
ľȻ󣡣
ַ̱֮ŭ˭ܸңΪʲô
޵ϣ
Žϵļ򣬿ЦŰű˼ѳʵǵĻ籩𣿡
Ȼǵãǰ뿪磬һӣڲɣϿɥ
ЦΣβꣿ㻹ǲǵãۻ֮ʱ˼䣬˵ʱ䣬˼ǲһģ
һգһꣿ̽
£ȷһգһ꣬˻籩ĸ֮󡭡ſЦѣһգϱǧ꣬˷ֱȻֻ˼ӣпܹģ
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˶ΪҪʧصʱ̧̱ͷǸ˵˵ɣʲôӣ
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ǰǵһģʱ˶ڣŻˣε˺ܶ꣬Ҳ˲ǿ֡İʮǰʱ˵Ϊӵ˲ѷڰƾ죬˻ʵĿ
ʱҵң˵Ҵʮ𾦾ʧ꣬ûĹǣͳ죡
˵ţ͵ֱʱҲ֪ǻƽĵӣػҲѪһɣұΪӣ
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ķ
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İǰķҲ䣬ڵֿʱò³ʥһǳ
ϸһ룬ȷʱΪ˱Լķȷò³ʥ£һϮǳ
֮ǳû˺ˣԺͳԽˣӵǳ֮ټĲ³ʥ£ڣһս۷֮һ
ϰһпΣյལأ
ʮǰģһƲƲ죬ǲ֪ѽ˹͢Ҳˣ޸壬ȻƾླྀƭˣǺ˹͢µͷŴ󽫣Ҳأ
ðɣ˹͢Ҹˡ
죬СʵۺͼأǱķͽģʵҲΣա
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ά˶ࣿ˭ѽţѽǲǸɵÿʲôԶٷ˵׹Ĵɵϣ
ţ˽ά˶࣬Ҳ⣬Ҫ֪ά˶ǿݵʲôôܣһһĴڡ
ά˶࡭˰죬кһ峤ϣľϣ˵ɣ

ľϱκһͷϥǣޱȲϵͷӣ㣬һˡɻ޵ʥ𣬴İǰʼķ˱Ѱά˶䣬ķ˸ά˶Ļ֮󡭡̫ˣ
ľǷ಻ţǧ꣬ʵŴĴǿߡ
ܾǰͼά˶ࣿϾȵ
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̯Σ࣬壬Ҳûмά˶࣡
ѵά˶ȥǰϾȵŴȡ
ⲻܣʱ䣬ֻԽԽ󣬲ԽԽǰſӦǰһУά˶òƣƢһģһľϣ
ţֻ
룬ά˶֮ˣߣûг֣Ҫһʱܽɣ
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ȷûжʥ࣬Ҳæ˼䡭
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ɯ̫Ȼʱ񲣬ιȴبźľӢƣ˼Ҵ֮սɨ֮أΪĵ۹ʮϢ۹ͼǿߣǰ̫ʥˣʮλͼߣǧȻЭӡԺ˼ҲûʼʽҵĶ֣ȻЭĲ࣬Ҳֻ죬ӵ䣬һ̡
˼ǡ
ľϵıȻЭ̫֮֮ʮŹŹֵĴڣŰĳ׼䡣գ׼⣬ֻ˵ϵʥµֻأ˭Ҳ˼벽볢һ֮ζ
Ժ󣬽Ҿ˼ľ԰ϵ£Ҳ˸Ҳ˼벽彭Ϲ޵ϴˣǧʼʣ˼˼Ľһʳߣʵʿˣ˵ʥ˭ǣ
죬ĸչĲ
˿ĵǣĸȻţȻطһ졣
뵽ЦȴȻЦˣأˣѾ


260 ģƬ1
һʳعδޣҽѧоں˻׺󣬸ƳƵʱߵĽҺʮ꣬˼عȬ˼عΪŮϧ̾˿ʮʱعҩʱо綾Ӣˡ
ɫȻȰҲҪģعȥ󣬰ɯ̫󷢳ʮͨ뺣ֻ˵һ䷢ص꣬ͻ˼䣬˼ʢҽѧֻҪõع̫꣬仹зùɣ
İٶˣĸûҵصꣿε
ľҡҡͷ֮Զ󣬶Ѿ˼꣬ҪһͨꡭѰ
Ҳ̾˿ľϻû˵꣬ЦҾҵˣ˼ĵ·ͨͻعһ£ǧѣ
ĵ·ͨ
ǣľϿЦ֮䣬ԭ·ңÿշ籩ݣķˣҲûб´Խ֮䡣Ҫȥֻֻ̨࣬תΪˡ˼䣬Ҳֻȥһ·ˡ
ϱ俴һԼĸ֣Ȼٻ£ľôһ˵ðɣתСӤŮȻͱȥˣ

ڼ˵ĹʮӰնصɽ档
ͷ鶡ˣһʯ棬߾ֱۣԸļ϶棬ץ޵ϣӱСģ
Ǻǣ鶡ƢǺ˺֪ܶ࣬˺ʱˣ
ͬʯ棬ŷ˹ͷЦòû̫ı仯ֻü͸һɳͳ緶
˵άʧ٣ŷ˹ѩ磬鶡ˣҲž֮ܵظ䣬ѩͶ˺˹͢Ȼؼ²ԣҲں˹͢¸ĻȲѣŷ˹Ҳֻó˺˹͢µһ鶡һͳ˹͢ǰߵļӡ
⣬ȻЭӵ˼֮ʱ˲ٵ࣬ˣѾչһ֧ȻЭŵĴɱŷ˹նɱȻЭʿȻ˹͢ṩٻʬ塣
ˣŷ˹Ѿˣû˵ĻƢⲻ䣡
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һˣŷ˹΢΢ü޵Ϲ꣬ʵѾɲĵز
ƨʵҲ鶡˵˫һ˿ɫĻ棬ˣһս֮ǳ˰׷ˣ޵ǿܵסҵİô
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ŷ˹˵꣬ܽ׷ˣ޵ϱ㲻ܽ𣿡
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ľεЦЦ֪ǰķá֡ķʽһתͶ̥Ĺעһμ䣬˵Ͱһʧٵת֮Ϣ˺˶Уǣ˱һʿɱϢķ˵޵֮Ѿ˼ľķ籩ģв˵޵Ѿʧ٣ֻɢҥԣѳ޵ϱ²δڻ籩ʧɢֻǺͰСЯֱչȥˣ֪ʱܴųԽŽˣ˼ȶҲùܶࡣ
Ϊ˵ڳǸ𼸸ˣ֮ڣΪͰСڱչ׷ԽŽҥԽԽң˵ع֮գһս֮ʱ
̾˿
ڶ̾
ðɣðɣ̾̾Ρ
ľȰˣתۼȴûеֿڶ˵ȷһ£Ҳء
˭˵ҷʵˣϵ۵Ƶǣ갡˼䴫ԣҺͰһ꣬죬йŮһָܴ꣬ʲôҥأ
ľһЦ˵Ҳǣǰ˼һɾ޵ţսҲͼڡһʱ䣬ǶΪͰŵĶأҲ֪ܣȻˣȥһˮɽƭƭǮ󣬻̫󿴳ԣɱ£
ðɣӵĴԶˡ
°ͣת꣬˷ǣĲ֪˵ʲôǺˡ
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ུȻǿ󣬿Ҳ֪޵Ͼɲ˹͢޵ϣǰ飬ֻˣѩ粻صŷ˹ôҵʵ
ǣ޵ϵʵ̫ǿ
ԣԣ鶡˺Ȼ۾һղҺ޵Ͻˣʱ޵ϣţ֣Ҹ棬ҿˣ޵ϻǵһף൱ͭʵʹò𵶻꣡
Ī޵ϵʵûнǸʮĴ
˵۾ˣŷ˹鶡ɿˣ޵ʵãڹʾƭ㣿
鶡ؿڵ￴һʱѾȫ֣޵벽Ǹܻ˼ʾģ˵ˣ϶޵궼ûн
˵
ŷ˹ЦˣԸɽ֮У൱ڰ׷˵ʮһǺľһϺӡ鶡¶֣㾡ȫӣҴʰѩ磬̷۷壬ʤ޵ϣҺ鶡ӵĻᣬץǿĿ
ѩһЦҰѴ˵޻ˣͽƿ˺ˣ˵ƿ֣ѩһ飬Ȼ֮󣬳ƤûиȻ̫ʺ˵
ãڡŷ˹֣
ֱ£֣
˵ţӰɽȣ棬˹͢Ҳӵӿ˳Ϊ˴ﵽ䲻Ч鶡һŰɫĻˣǣգ۵Ĺɽڲ
Ϯ
Ӧ죬ʱ仯ͷ죬ŲȵأſڱҪһС
ֻһߺȣ۸С㱾£ֳүǶһһɫ䣬˫ʷǧҲ˵ҵķṦΰѽѽѽǰ˭ģƨɴÿĪҪҵ·
һԲĴӴ˳ڽɫƤëԳ˵ϻƵģһָ߾ƿһסƤϵķ⣬һСܵس˹Сģײһ޵ƨ档
ƿٺ٣Ҷ˰ٶ꣬ҲûзֳʤããҲڣʰ㣡
ҲڣޣӺɷ򣬴Ӯ裬ثҲ˵
һ仰֪ƿܵ˼Цӣˣ޴ĽƲ¡
һ࣬ľ󺰵ĵϮŭĺ˹͢Ϻӣ֣˫ʮ޵ϴˣ


261 ģƬ2
ʮŻô
鶡˹ЦҪʮһϣﻹ£
¡¡¡
һſȼյɫ̫ɲǼ䣬ƽɽȣضһƬ̿
ô򡭡»𣿡Ȼһ
һԵ֪֮˼ǧ򱶣һȥһԣս˼
ǲ˼Ҳù˼ҵĳ
ֻ峤ֵ鶡˵һŰɫ̫ɫ̫ɵȥڵϹһ·棬͹ɽȣȻһһߣ׿ĴϿȣ
жӱͼ㲻ˣ

ⳡ棬Ҳ£Լһͷ֮ϣûʲô仯ѩſɫķ˫ᣬԼɱкһŹ֣Ȼ˫ͷ£𵶻꣬ʵʻ꣡
ˡ
һ˫֮һʵʻĵ⣬ȼܵ棬ӭյѩ硣
˵ǽղ𵶻֮оǿһУǰ˼˼价ûùʱȻĵûдѩӣ𵴵ΧŤγգ
ѩ粻Ųæһֻ˳ǰ̽ס˵⣬޵ϣȻûгѽ
˵ţһֻ˳Х£˽ϵĵ⡣ѩ֮һɫĴ̽
޵ϣ潻ң㹥󣡡
˫ƽ죬ԳذƵСסѩĳɫĻϮŵ紵Ťˣ󺰵죬󣡡
Ѿſ׹Ƶѩ米׼ķ˺ģһն£
˵ǰлѩһЦǰлһףǰҾˣǵ֣
˵ţѩӵתһ貵ɫ
תһȦȦɫ⣬γһɾ޴ɫ磬ŷУֻתһûѩ磬ӱ㲻ط˰ա
˳㿴һۣҲ˵棬ڵҳһ׵ӡҲ룬ҲӣӪȰţִڵݱһʱ
޵ϣ־ܣɱô
ѩһ۹Ц
ѩ磬ķϻˣûƴʱأһԣ鶡˷Ȼѩ绹Цʱ鶡˱ʮлƴͷɢ
ٸʮ룡
ѩһͷ϶ڵ²˫ȻǵأȻſ˵ϡһƬɫĴԭƬء
ң˳ڲѹʩѹȻҪѽѹڵ£
ðɣѹѽ
£Ŵһ³ϳܵѹҲԽԽֻؿڷƣ۾ﶼΪ޴ѹѪ
޵ϣڵ¾ֳȥһԽ
ȴûлӦ
޵ϣƽϣûеõӦɵŤͷһ
죡
ֻѪɫҰ׵ûɫѹĻʹȥ
ŵüͷֶסܹԮȣ޵ϵӣò˶ñᱻѹˡƾһˣܸıս֣Ӫ޵𣿡
Сˣ
һ̾Ҫȥƴסϡ
ͻȻ
ץס󣬾ڰžϲ֮ʱεţʶ㣬û˵ʲôɣһ˵ʵٽ룬ٵ˼˵ͭһӽĵز
ʲô
Ŵʧɫ޵ϣĪˣ
ǰҸղűѹˣ޻಻ٴθǸ֮󡭡ҡҡͷԼҲţģȻˣ
ģҲţ
ǰˣһԼ䣬˵ĵ߲㾳磡
߲㣬һϻӣҪƾմһɫõ廨
ôܡ૵ûʲôɣ֮죬ⲻϳĲϡ
ʵðɣʰѩ磬Ȼо
˵ţϸ߾˫֣ץסͷء

˺
֮ϣѩ绹ڼѹأȻֻ´һȣ㻺뿪ˣһѷԽԽ󣬾ڷ鶡˴ϿԱߣ˺һϿȣ
Ϸһвٺ˹͢ӣ֮ӯ˫ץ顭
֮ڽͷۣγһҫɫâţǧ׹
¡
źѩĺϣûвҽеأѩʹһͬûˡ
Ұһֻ潭ϣڽ߿ⳡ棬Ȼǰһ
Լڰ׷ˣڡͼ
Ѿѷں˹͢ˣ£һԸոհ׷鶡ˣҪǿ󼸷֣
Ǵģ
ʵܼ򵥡
ǵú˹͢ͽϣʹͬһ޻
ʱһգ۾͹ˣ˹͢ȴǻʵع꣬ʵʵڿҿҵ꣡
䣬˹͢Ѿȫָ˵޻İ£ﵽͼ۷壬Լ䣬Ѿ˼ҪͻƵͼڡһߵģ൱ڻƽͷľ磡
ڡ
󣬽һСģ˳㣬˺˹͢

ĳѨ֮С
ۣ
ڱĿĺ˹͢ͻȻ³һѪһ̺ླྀæ壬զ
ģҵ
˹͢ؿڣŭ֪ô£ҵԭǷֳݣһԼϣһ޻棬ɾڸղţͻȻֳݣݻҺ޻ɵݡȻ֪ˣ
ҡԴȻûף⺢ӵļЪʧ֢ûȬ
ལ˹͢ҧ˲ˣ֪ͨڹѸ˳ȥѰԲ֮ڵǿߣظҳ˭ҵ
ҵб㣿Դʡ
УԶ٣Զ٣
˹߳͢ŭȣ

أѾɹɽȡ
һбѩ磬ȵԼ˫֣˳ӯ˿ֲңΪӵ
Ҳڴ㵵Žϡ
㵵ģ޻ƿΪϾ˽ϼ£ǽϵ࣬ʱȻʱ꣬һϣЩ죡
̭ǸɵӢۣүǣʵȼ𣿡ƿشȵ
Ͽһƿ˵Сӵûƨǣ꽭Ͼûۼƿӣ˿ٹ꣬ϲǰֺԲʵͣȴһɵè䣬Լ࣡
Ȼ˺֮ϵýϸоɵèԼúУûе⣬ƺӦЩԨԴѣ
޵ϣȼϵ
޵ϣƿͣ˵е죬һ롭үǵˣǽ޵
ϸһȻͯļ䲻̫ˣǰֵ̱ϣһԼƨζ


262 
һϴֵҵˡ㺰ڡ
ǣƿסˡ
ôĥģƣ޵ȻҪӮˣɺ˹͢ҲǿཻûأֵʱĻͥһ޵ϴˣҪһͬʰ
ţܾͶ޵ϣ
Ҳܸ˹͢ˣҪȻһ޵㷭ɵ˺˹͢Ҳʰѽ
̭ԭ޵ϣ
˼׵ƿؾƿ޵ϣҲǸӢۣүƽύӢۺܣҼ棬óƿ̣ͷݸӣ̾˿ΣҸΪֻϧĶˣọ̇̄Ҵսٻغϣ
˵꣬ס˶ӣҪǧغϣӢۺ֮սǧ˿ԳԽһҲ˵۷һսãս
תȥҴս»վãԿս֮ǰϸ򵽰·ʺӰһսľʳ̶ȣңҾͻһ̵˸ûӰ
ƿ
ƿദ꣬ŷ˹̫˽СӵƢˣһ⻰֪ӣģ꣬СҲˣ
ѩƿӣƾŷ˹鶡ˣȡʤŷ˹Žϱƿ˵㶵Ĺ򣬴һ鶡ߣ
ߣϷӦҰץ
˵꣬ﻹĥղɵèǲǳ̳Զˣв߾߰ɣҰͲٸ֣ﻹ˵һûʣһ֪ɵñĻأ
ڽ˼ʱ򣬿Ѿһ׷ɱŷ˹׷ɱ鶡
ھ֮ϣ˫ٶȾףˣ֮չͬԲ׽
ŷ˹鶡ǰҲſںȫ׷Ҳûȣһ׵ľԭǵĶԱ£ϺͰŵٶȾԵЩˡ
裬ͷϣץס˽ϺͰţǰԼĶͷȻ󲽣׷١
˶ǿ磬׷˼ʮӣѾһƬ֣ƵĹƽԭ
ͻȻ
ŷ˹ƿأ
ڹѸڸִк˹͢ѰǷǿߣһŷ˹׷ǱûиɶƿӰɵý˵ƿ
㻹ƿŷ˹ӺڹѸӹŭƿӣҲ䵽ȾأģǴ˵࡭ˣڹѸҺ鶡ѾˣҶϺ󣡡
Ϻ
ڹѸͷһ̳ʮհ׷ɱʮڵ󲽳棬ÿһϾͶһء
ûȤڹѸһתҲˡ
ԶϿ˺ڹѸӣȻһǰڹѸӰĴֻʣڹѸһˣԴƽץߺһֱû¶ɣ
ٺ٣Ҵ㣬ཾʹǣԱ
ͻȻһҰɫĹâڽǰֻһ˶ȭͷ;ףٶҲ˾ȣལ
Ϸཱུһȭ㲻ʶˣ
ǡ
գ˿ϣͷȻԽϲûжӡˡ
ϾཽһǧһУǰ֮һֱ˹͢ͽദʱ䣬̶̵һࡣһദļ䣬ôȵϺ˹͢£
ǣҲ룬ཱུĵڶȭ㣬ԣ
겻⺢ӵнģ㿴ѧᵹװˡ
ΣҲƾŹ򣬻һ⣬סཱུȭͷȵɯأЩ㶼ô
˭ѽ𣿡
ིܲˣȭ
ʱε裬˵ˣԴӺ˹͢Ŵƭ֮ϸϴͲǵ˭ˣ
ǵˣң
ͣ
ʱϵ߹һԭ仰ȻŭҪѵཡ
ûж䣬䣬䣬䣡
ĸͻȻĿŲǳڵڵڰţӳޱ޾ĵһһӣ˶档
׹ڣ
գľɫһ䣬æ͡޵ϴˣСģ˼ĿƼٽȻЭĴ£зǿƼģ
׹ڣΪϿƼͼ֮ķսǧҪЩ⣬Ȼᱻģ
ľ겻ǵ˲ѽ
׹棬ĸɫĹȻǽϵģȻЭĴƽսʿ
ƽսʿĳ˵
𣡣
ŤͷȥֻԶƽԭϣѹѹʥʿŻΧ׹սǰȣʥʿŵսװ仯˺ֻܶ࣬˻սؼסŲһ鷢Բ̣սĺɫ£һûнеĽ󣬻һƣ
ֻж֮ǰӣɫޣصĺɫףʨͷ
֣Źִ󽣣֣սȨȣԣף
޵ϣ겻ѽûƽսʿ죬Ц
Ҳͦģ
ʼ磬ָźѹѹľӵѼ棬ӭң
ǺǣˣɲģսȨȣңָŷ˹ֻŷ˹ɱƽʿǲЩӦǻʲôͳ˧ʥʿţ
Ŷǳź˹͢ģϵͷҲһǡ
֣ЦЦ˰ɣ׹Ѿ׵ս־֮գսҲڷּȡʤôһҪ𣿡
ðɣҲ֣ңһˣһˡ
ȻЦ˵Դ棬Ѿε⣡
ˣȻЭ𣬾˵һŮˣΪȻʵѲ⣡ľ͵ģӦþȻĿġ˵ãûǲҪ棡
ϵͷЦﻹкܶ£Ͳ˰ɣȻ㲻Ը֣磬ټ뿪
겻㻹ûбѽ
ҡҡͷ޵ϣҲ˼ʼʵۣǧʥˣͱ˵ˣһ仰ߣȥһˣұ֤İȫ
˵ţӽ׹ָһΧɱŷ˹ˣһ֣ѽϺ档
ʥʿŷ˹ˣ߶ޣ˽ǰ
붯ˣϽ䱸
ֻҸƧĵط˵˽ĻţĿЩû취˵
̾˿޵ϣ˵ʵҲΪ㣬˵ѵĻߣãҲȫѡ񣬱ϾķԶ֮⣬֮ڣֻҲ㡭
ŶҲߣΣգƲ˭ץң
۱գһָ


263 Դѣ
ָֻԶմӻɣɺĿѪɫҰѪɫջһŵѪƣѪ֮ϣڹ񺿡
ڴӼѪƣʱһ۾Ϳ˱
ΪʲôҪץңΪ˻ƽ𣿡Ϻ
ʱ꣬Ѿʧȥ˶ȫƣ˵ǲǻƽûƻֻ򣬶ѾҪˡصģʵ棡ķ
ʵ棿ܸʲôôϲ˽ľ棬ӵĺˡ
̫̫ĺôˣЦһ޵˼ʼʵۣץ㣬ܿ˼Ľһʳ޵ϣ֪ĽһʳǿʲôزҸ㣬ǧʮʥˣԼݣĲƸֲģĽһʳİǰ˰˴ͼѧԺĸоÿһ꣬İ˴ͼѧԺܸ㹱ʮͼߣĸоҲܸͳǿʽ㽭һʳɽ̣
ҵļҵףȻô񣿡
ûּҵףȻЭᣬڶ̶䣬ͰܸĽһʳܵظ湶ӲдĻһ˿ŭ⡣
޵ϣץĵڶôЦԲ³ߴװԽԽң֪ףսȨȣ޸̨ȻЭС֮ᣬŷ˹͸˺˹͢³ʥķǣ콣¥أ
Сʵ·ʧ꣬콣¥Ҳ꣬һζ콣¥ˣ㣬޵أȻףҲ֪콣¥䣬ûСʵ۵䣬ǣ˲ѽΪ콣¥УҺͺ˹͢׶Ը
ԣΪ콣¥ƴ°͡
ûȵ޵ϣ濼һ°ɣڸߣһһƽ뿪㲻ߡѹøͣƾĺ岻ϧһа㣬Ըûҵİضᱻץߣ
ƺߣõѡˣʼ硣
ǣЦˣһиǡɣ޵ϣ̫˽Ƣˣ׼ܾңӶԿˣ
ĺ˽ҡ
ϧ´ˣ̯Ҹߣ

裬ϴһ仰˶ˣһ˳
ľϸεغ޵ϴˣȻ岻ĸӹǵĹı£ߡ벻Ҫϰ
ǣ޵ϴˣΪû𣿡
޵ϣǿڿ˵ϣŸ߹أ㲻ҪΪ£䣬Ľһʳ
⻰ľҲ׷ŭ
ʲô
ָָգҪߵԭϣ
һ˳Žϵָȥֳֻ֮һźɫ֮̿ѪƣƺǺȵӡ
˹͢ˣ
Ǻ˹͢Ȼ˽̸Īǡ
ɫر仯
ʱƾ̵Ľ̿еĺ˹͢ȹЦȻãڹѸĹ겿ںϣָɵ޵ϰ
ҲѪЦ˹͢Ȼǰҵķˣò˵ȫƽȵ֣ץס޵֮콣¥ңｮʮԩ꣬ٻ
һļϣͬȵ꣬顭
˰ɣҸߵԭ򣡡ε̯ߣͻһʱܵУվǸ
ǡ˵Щʲô
죬ûº壬ҵػҲҵ𣿡ϴ𣬼𣬿֣սͺ˹͢˵
޵ϣʱЩǧʼʵ۵ķ緶أ
΢΢һЦȵʥʿţһž档ڶžչ塭ľΪ棬һ仰ȴýĿɿڴ
սԲӣװãĿ꣬󡭡
սһСϻӣ򿪣һɫť
ˣװϣ
ܺã޵ϣҪǡ΢΢һЦǺɫİť
ӣľɫͻ䣬ҲȽ뿪һ壬彵䣬أȻЭ׷ٱסˣ
ʲô
ͷûĳƺȻֻԶˡƿ
գһâȽȽһССƲ㣬ȻͻȻķβͺ滹һİ̡
ģϵɴ۾
¡
ССĻըˣһĢڰȽȽ
սԵôϳˡ
ʲôЦ޵ǵ׷ٱףʲô˵ⶫĵǾͽһʳء
ǱĻʳƵ䣬ûˣûƴ˶ڵҪȥֻþһа취оʽ׷ٱףоԺķѰѪоǿֻҪϵͼϢͻᡮһղſӡ
ⶫʲôȻôѰ˼ȻЭᣬԭӵ칤˰ɣ
ȻЦҲûʲôȻЭеһЩϣȥÿ춼ϵͼ֮ö֮ⶫ˲ѷͼ
ȻһֶҪʮϣķʮɣ
˵赭д˭һ̱׵ȴҲȻЭģ
ˣ޵Ѿըһ·߰ɣ΢΢һЦ뽭·

ûҹֻ֣֮һּʱİ취ʱ
һʱ൱˼һСʱ
ʮʱ֮ڳ׻ͺ˹͢ĲӣŽﳤȥ
ȻҲŽˣĽϣҲ˶顣
ֻʣ¾ǻصӪأ
裬Ȼ޵ϣܴ裡ϺӳϷŭ
ˣˣǸӦһ룬ڸʲôľ侲ղһս޵ϳֵϢºܿͻᴫ磬ҲҪʼˣǱһ룬Уα֤δҫ
˵޳һ㣬ǣսڼ岻վӣľЦ޳һЩҸɴֱ˵ˣδĶУӦͶһߣ
ΪʲôҪͶˣ壬ӦԼҫӦԳһɣΪ֮ô
ͻȻ˵ľŭҵԳһɣ㿴ǵʵˣֻʣʮų棬ܸ˹͢ķЩ䶥һϳ̣
У޵ϳ֣½һʳ̫ɯ͹ʥߺ᲻ϧ۹䣬һ޵ϣӴĽǰʲô⣡
ƾѽ
Ծɲ̲˵أĲ⣬Ϊʲô޵һ֣Դ֮صĴžʹˣ˯ʮңȻҲˡ


264 
˻ɽۣܣʮ̫꣬ˡףûоΰʮñ˷սȴһðĿĵܣǱ˻ƽ֪١ĴûȥѰԴ֮أ˰
˵۾˽ɫ󣬻ſʮֻǵص
޵ϻع飬Դ֮ؿңʮ𾦾Ҳˣ
ɲǼ䣬Ƿˣ޺ʣ𣡼ʮͷ֮Уֻнɫž˵һֻԼĻ
ˣԴ֮صܣԴǿߵңˡ

ϳ֣ʮ˸ʱ֮
䣬һΡƣѾӴʵĸɽ֮ϣΡӰ͸Ļ˲һſŷǡ
Ȼһֻ֣͸Ļ޴סһǳ
ƣ
һգǳѣ
ţǳƬ˵ƸһģƤ֮С
ջأͨƣվɽ̾˿³ᣬҵѾѷڹŴıˣΪʲôϲ³ʥ֮ȴȻûгԽϲã㣬ȴ˵иǿ𣿡
ķˣ
һӰɽµʮʱ֮ǰ޵ϴˣȻЭսϣ񣬱ѺѺȻʥ·ϣ
ɽϲûлӦ
̧ͷһֻɽۿտҲ
ԶȴһǳĹâѸٻƳգƺ֮棬纣˰ѿ
ķ޵֣⴫ԣȻ٣˵һУøϽ֪ͨѡķϾ·ϽɱӪ޵ϣķٶȳ֡ģ»ݻʮأѽ

ϳ֣ڰʮʱ֮
˼䣬½ģһˮɽǣƹ
ˣƽ࣬úúأɯϣһӤظӤι֪࣬𣬵޵Ͼǳ೤ģʮأ
⳹ͷβķӱ֣һԵĻ͹ŮС
ǣû˸ЦҲû˸˵ǰзŮǸӡ
ΪŮѾͷԺ֤ˣһһͳ½ȻЭᣬ꽭һʳ̫󣬰ɯ
̫󣡡
һ׳ͻȻڰɯǰֻʹ򵹡
׿ˣԴӶʮǰĬ֮ǵ۹ϯ󽫣ô˶ʮĴ󽫾ûѧ𣿡ɯӤͷҲص˵
̫ѵǣֻǡеĿϲ׿˴ֻǰĩһӤУ˻û䣬Ѿȷϡ޵ϱ£ˣ
ŶǺǣ
ɯͻȻؿЦŻߵ֪𣿡
ѾȥʦˣٽʦյϢ
ţǻʲôɯµλƶڣｭɽܵ۹͵ΪһǲɵڶǲʮˣʮţʮʮĴװȫԱһսԶ
һˮɽǣ鰵ͼǿȫԱϣԶرж顭ǰ죬Ĭչضʮ꣬Ҳͼ˰ɣ鳤ˡ
Զ֮󣬵۹о̿ʮֻڣ˺һĴ·
ˣЩģҲ䣬ȥɡ
ɯǿգһ꣬Ϊ˽죬Էųȥˡ

ͬһʱ䡣
յĴѩɽ£˹ҽѧԺ
󣬰˹ҽѧԺȻûп
һԵССé棬˳۽ϵĹǣ³ˣ
ɲǼ䣬ȥͨͨɽũӹǣֱͦˣϵĹװû˵ɫףҲ˳ʥĳʦҪж𣿡
ѽ꣬ϹͷҲûˡ
˺ܶ࣬һɫӣһȣԶ߰ɣϲҹ̫Ὺֻڣ˺һĹҲؾˣ
ƽ죬סһ˷ܵؿڣͼ£
ǵһˮɽǵĺܹܣܽʦͼ㵵ʦҡ
£ڣѰ˹ҽѧԺã𣿡һЦӪȱ£ҽѧԺ尡
ʦĲףҽѧԺ꣬ƾʲôӪȱ¸壡ͼߵʦˣ׷ҵϳӣʣǼˣϳǰ䣬Ӫȱ£
˸޷ĹâϵЦݣҲصԴĦ£ҽѧԺǵ۹ĵһӪȱµƣߣߣ԰
һ˽Զȥ
ֻ²ϵͼįıӰӳŻǷҽѧԺ

䣡ϱ߲֮
һƽԭ棬ǽŲȷ̣Ƶһʥʿʮ˵Ķһͷĳ
ңԮ۶˶顣
𣬿ȻЭ䷢չĲڶм䣬Цеص٩
ĽһʳȻЭ̫Զˣ𵭵
ҡҡͷҿԶͳղǸʲôף㹻ֵˣ
Ȼҵ޵ϱ¡۾ǰŽϵ۾֪ʮǰĵоԺо˵ڰ˴׷ٱףǰͣ
죬û˵
ʱһʥʿŷ̷ˣʥѾ֪޵ϵϢˣǲǰӦĩʥʿЯٻս
ţоɣһٹߣ̿𣡡
˻֡
ⳡ棬ЦСӣôңͺ˹͢Ѿ𣿡
ûͺ˹͢ˣΪֻô
ǰĵ·ε޵ϣ˵ȴҪ¡¸㣬ǰȻЭ᱾Ҫ죬ʮһˣҾллˣ
Ϊ㣬ҿȫûƴһս׼
ιһûԹ㱧ԹʲôЦЦ㻹û˵أ˾˭
Ҳ˵׼Կ϶ķһ㣡
ķҲɣ˼ͨȻˣɯһа취һʳԮҲ
С˿죬һֱڶ䣬£Ҳɣ
ʲôӡǡȫû׷ʵʱһڰдȵҲɱȻЭᣬ޵ϣ


265 ǧͽϣһ·Ѫ
ȣǹɢ¶Ӱ
ĸò죬Ͽۣʶûر⡣ˣߣֺֻܱһͷ¶棬ͷϣһֻţ˱ϡ
ʹ
˽ϵʦʹһĲǣȹʹСĶˡ뵱꣬ʹһƽǿѹ˴
ѵˣʲôʥģһʹǰɸ˵ʥһˣΪ׵ģһʹ
ôͷĵˡ
̧һʵ̫Ϥˣǵռŵ۹Ϸүɯ
ԣǶһˣȥƴɣ
кźͿ棬˵ǰ·Ϸүռŵ۹ǰϷүɱ˸һɶٴμ棬Ϸүú۾׷ɱϰ
һ뵽ɸ磬ϺȻе֣ˣ겻ɸôˣ

ʹƾǼҲ޵ϣ
ȻǸܶ¶һ϶ԼҲضסʹķâ󽣸߾ٵʥʿţϧۣ棡
һӣҹʹ
ڶӣҹʹ
Ųȷ̣ʥʿżȫԱյʹȴΧ˽ߡ
⼸˿ͫĺâƽĮһ֪⼸˲ȻЭ֣Ҳ룬ȳʮʥʿǿ
⼸ٸ֣ˣĴƽսʿûг֣ʲôҲûг֣ûʹѽһȻЭǿǶûж֪ⳡսʤߣһ

ϲ¶˽֣ȴûвй̣
̫ƲˣбԼ֣ЩСһʲô
գʹһֻͨʿŭһ˵һٵˣҲɱЩûõʿԼ
˭˵ûã
ڶӳ֣ٶˣÿ˵϶һֵİ
ͷĶӳȻһЦʹ˱ԪԸǿĶ֣СǴðɣ
СС
ŭЦһӣЦݽϡ
ֻڶٶʿŲȷ̣Χס˹ʹȻͷʿһϵߣΪȻΪ𣬵ǣʹˣֵˣ
¡ͷʿϵİȻıըʱԱӿĳųһɢǿҷ䡣
ˣһͬԱ
ӣȻԼʿɱ
ʹĽûڲ֮УƬ̣ɢʹȻãͷңϵĺҲࡣ
ʱٶʿ֣ͷӳԱԱ
䣬䣬䣬䣬䡭
ڲ̵ıըٴû˹ʹ
ΣɢٴεʹԱѹƹʹĲɱӻȡʱ䡭
䡭
һıըУʹըˣȻЩըɱرʧڣĺɢƤѣըһ˴İˣ
ģӣǷӣʹҧˣɯƴˣȻЭᶼķӣ
ʹûлػʹŤͷһ䣬䣬䣬䡭
һˣʹ߰˶ӷӰΧںģԱ֮𣬳ʹ˺Ҳǲӣε̫ˣʹ
Աųһŵ費棬Ľȴǿɵˣ
ӹʼʹÿٶԱߴϣһǧˣģ̶̼ӵĹȻЭս˽һˣ˵ʮһˣллˣȻ˵ģ
һ̾˿һʹֵ𣿡
Ȼֵã
ۿʿѾЩˣǿţĮ֮ǰѾʿˣγû˿ԻŻؼңÿ˶ЯһԱ
ʮӣȻʮˣԸΪȥ
һԸɣȻһЦԸģҵսȨȣҲԸ⣡
񡭡Ų˵ˡ
һԣ϶ЩȥˣʼιʹѾĲˣҲɣʿҲáˣұ֤ܻ𣿡
ǰ滹иǿĵˣұԪȥƴĵˣ
𣿡ϴΪץһˣȻЭʹȥʮ
ڣ
ŭȵ޵ϣ㻹˵Щ֪֪ʮʥʿΪʲôԸɱҲҪ֤ƽ£Ҹ㣬ֻдȥǸˣЩʿĸĸӣŮпܻص˼䣬ˣ
ǰĽһʳǱ˭Ըⲻյܵظ޵ϣ֪һʥʿƽֻжʮ֪꣬ǵʲôҸ㣬ǿһ˵е̫ˣ꣬ʮʥʿûбչˣ
죬û˵
ܿܣȻЭǰսˣ䵽ֵزҲΪ棬ֻǣսܵĴۣǲ̫һ㣿
ˣʹѾˣ
һʿݣϲûжЦݣͬʱ̽ӴϢͺ˹͢ٴξҾӣѾʮˣ
ĺ˹͢Ȼŭ
ˣһԱߵĸֵľӶǹ꣬಻ʤ˹͢˾оӣ׷ҲԤ֮Сʱ򣬻һ룬˵аɣ
һ˵ˣﻹŰ׷ٱס
׷ٱףҧķûг֣˼ĽһʳҲûг֣ǣһšһ֣һűףǵűףʹð
ˣȻ֣峤ϣܲٴԮҪԮںͺ˹͢ϧһдۣסǣ
ˣҪסţ

Ȼܣ
ٽϾһַˣһһӣ;ְԱɱȫӺ˹͢Ľٶȣ
ȻȻЭĵӾģ
ѪȾƽԭӵı»ǰԶ䣬䣬䡭ʥʿԱٺ棬ͺ˹͢ѪƺͺƽÿһԱ֮ѪƱضһҲнĸӼѣ
졭
Ͽ˿ϵĻʱʾѾʮʱ൱˼һ죬ǰ·̣Ҫ߻죬֪ʲô鷳ԸЩʥʿܶ༸˻ŻؼҰɣ
ƴģûôƴģ


266 1
·֮ĵʮ߸ʱɫǻɵģ֣˻ɵСꡣ
һƬѪζɽ֮УµĶ޷۾۾棬һѷĳëĲӣֱӹᴩѪڵδ𣬵δʡ
ʹظƥԼĶޣ۾þòսҲմѪգִѾѣֵսȨȺߵ׵𣬵Ҳ˰߰ߵѪ顣
Ϊģɽ˵߰ǧбܽеĶ˸첲еĶȣеѾϹ˫ۣ˫ڵϿǼٸǰղֵЭ֣Ҳֻʣ˶ʮˣ˴ˣޱ飡
ʱ㣬ǳ֮ĵʮʥʿȫûٸ֣һСʱǰͺ˹ֳ͢һжȻĺ˹͢ѪӴܣҧ˱ԼҲ۵ԪľսеĴ󽣣Ҳ˹͢Ĺìʶˡ
𡭡
ϣţ˵𣬲ʵЩȥˣкһʹе
˫ۣɽеĲбܽ޵ϣѾԪľҪߣûס㣬𣿡
ʼ磬ҵǿߣĲףΪҼһˣڸôĴ𣿡㵽ҪҼ˭ΪʲôҪ
棬Ȼ֪
Įر۾Ȼǰûߣ
ӣǵӣһҪ𣿴ҡڵ߳ȥǶסϿû˵˼һҲͣûҪߵ˼
Ϊһ̽ϵĺѾﵽߵ㣬ĺ֪𸶳˴ۣҪȥ˭ֻ֮ᷢʲô
ҽ䱸
ͻȻһѲߵʿͣˣ̽ʾС겿ڿǣ̽ӣ
ҵǣվɭȻܲˣʿţվģߣվģ׼Աһľ׷Աǵٶȣ
ھ̵ʿĬȻ׼ȻûһԵģһиЦЦˣֻ޵ϵ˷йȥСʱܵôαشЩƿԱͱ׶°ɣĩȻ˶ʮʱӰСʱģ
ĬΣһԱ㣬°ɣ
˵Цݻô貣
Ž·
ˣǽЦЦµ棬һǿģߴ׷ٱףⶫȻƷҲܺҲ°ɣ
ûˣ
ͷҲأԶ󣬲ŵ˵޵ϣǰҰҲǶжһΣ
˵ɣ
͸һСϻӣߴ׷ٱ׾ұϣƷҪܷӳ·ΣգҵסͰأҺͱ׵һͬȥҸ
Լ׼ˣϺȻ
ұǸˣ꣬ѾǼˣЦЦ
ʱѾԪľ֪Ҳ½͵㣬û⵽ɽȵĳڣһӰĵڸϱȻơ
˵ƣ۾һͻȻ֣ڱ
Ц˳󲽾ͳ嵽˽ǰߣԱиɽ˵
Ҳ룬Ͼ͸ɽȻҲ̧˽
ˣּСˣ˷ܵıס˽ϣЦֹ
һΣ棬ûǲŷֱ£ôòã
ɸ棡
棬꣬Ц
ӣ֣ҲǸСͷĿԺζģһ٣ɸЦʱ̫˳ƴѽұǲӣ׷ģã㣡
ʲôָǲǣҪץһȥѽЦ
˰ɣһиɵѩ飬Ѿ䴫ˣҪץ㣬ҲûѽɸЦȻɫһ෴㣬Ҫ֤ƽȻЭܲģ
ҲϣȥȻЭ᣿ϵɴ۾
ңʱ䲻ֻܼ࣬򵥸˵ˣɸɫԴǰʧ֮Բ³߼װᣬԽԽңУһš
棬³װĴţѾ֪ˣϴϵ˵ǣ˭ܵõ³װܽΪ˵еġͼڡҵõ
ѽѾ֪ˣ˵𣿡
ɸεЦЦ֪Ϊʲô³װҽͼ𣿡
֪һ㶡
ֻ֪ܶ˶֪ˣɸɫʧٲãʹˣ˵³֮㲻ΪһԿף
ֻҪ벼³߼װܿ³ᵱ˵ģԴ֮أ
ֻҪԴ֮أܵõ㲻
ɸѹųֺ翪ʼ᲼³װҲ˲м˵ЧԶʱǿߣȥ׷ѰԴ֮ȥˣ޵ϣʦʹѩɽˣлƽϹȥˣ
ѩɽǣûҵԴ֮أҲ֪Щǿߺ󣬾ûϢ
ʣµ˹͢ȻЭᣬЩû¹ȥԴ֮أû취߼װͷ׷辶İ취Դ֮ء
ɸУȻЭİ취ǣоԴģ˺һֱͨԴ֮صֱͨԴ֮ءļƻؼһ㣬޵ϣ
ң
ʵ벻ףȻЭȥԴ֮أǾȥɣΪʲôԼ˹ؼ
޵ϣôףҪԴ֮أ֪Դ֮ѽ֪Դ֮صڣҽԴ֮صǿߣôУлƽ
ɸЦ޵ϣܰص˻ع飬֤ƽЩԨԴԣȻЭΪ㲻ǻƽҲнԴ֮صֻҪõ㣬ܽԴ֮أõǴ˵е㲻
Ҳ˵ƴңΪңǽԴ֮أ
ָָԼıӣε棬ѽ
ûУܲסȻЭΪаɸϷʵһ󵽣ȻЭ֮󣬱Ҫ˵Դ֮ص䣬˵ȻЭ߳ŭйߡ
棬ЦһҲЦϷŰۡ
Ȼɸղ˵Ҫ֤޵ƽȻЭᡯȵ棬֪ûаȻЭı£һȥ뱻ɱйߣΪʲôҪȥȻЭ᣿
ɸ죬Ҫش
ͻȻ
࣬࣬˹ŹֵƺһѣȻѵ֮ݿҲĵز


267 2
ݵǰѾǳϤĽȻһǣ
ڽϳԾ֮ʱɽ棬ƽԭ
ӿٶȣ
һʵĳǱƽԭϣȻԼҲϡԿűȻЭܲʱܲǱɽȵ󿪣ɳ۳кܶŲȷ̵һʥʿӹűϿӹֱƬƽԭ
ٿЩѾŲסˣ
ͷһƽʿŭ𣬡Ϊ޵ϣѾʮսˣ޵Ͼ֮⣬õǵѪȾ޵ϣ죬ӿ
ǱгʥʿԽԽ࣬ȻӴʿǰĹװԿɱʽоȻЭҲѾԪòһľսʿˡ
;ĩ·ƴһȻЭȣͺ˹͢ľȻƼ󣬵ʵ̫Ӵˣ
գͺ˹͢ЯվƲ֮Уµԩ黺ΧɽȣЦܲˣ˹͢ҵȷɸѾǱɽȣҲϿԷ磬ɽȣ㣬赲ȻЭԮΣ
Ȼԣ
˹͢΢΢һЦһֻֻٹͷལɱȻЭֻҪ˸ҿɽȣ͸ɱɱԽ࣬Խı
ཱུ۾ˣһͷ͵ϻסĽɽȵΨһ·
˹͢ˡһԣڹѸƬ̣ˣ޻ʧˣδ飬ȥ
ǸСӣߣʲô˹͢ѾӦƿϰӣҲû̫һͻӻ֣ŭҵĿȥСӲϻҵĿף
ڹѸϲһ
࣬࣬࣡
ںڹѸߺ󲻾ãǹŹֵ㴫ÿ˵ĶУͺ˹͢ˣͳͳɫһ䡣
Ȼǣ˹͢ɬôɰɣѾûˣô쾹ȻǸײˣ
ȻǣεŶͷȻˣҪҾϾӣ
û˵꣬ɽȸĴؾͲ¡¡һѷ죬ţѷӿһŨŨѪˮһʿ˫š
Ѫˮʴʿ˲ҵıأأѪˮʴһȳҺ塣
࣡
ѪˮһݣѱҺʿ̵ˡ
˳棬ɽȸÿһϷţԩգۼѪˮһ֣࣬ʲôǸ̽˶
˹ŭ겻Ҳѧͷ¶β𣬳ɱЩͨʿʲô£ҳ
ŶҪҵ𣿡´˹йЦ
һӰᱣסǿ˹ðɣԸҾͲʿֻˣ
˹סһ겻˹Ѿǿֵز𣿡
ǰ̽һˤˤȥ˿˹
ǣ˹ͬǵ棬ճסſͣ¶Ž׵ݣĲһҧСѪҲûʲôرζ
˹͢ңִ󺰡
˹͢ѿ棬ݺ󺰵鶡ŷ˹ҽ
鶡ǰ׷ˣٶ죬һ˿˹ߡ
׷ˣ˹鶡˵ĳҡҡͷ֪ηѽǰҾǰˣƾİ׷ˡٺ٣Ҳ빥𣿡
˵ţ˹ıҲſֻɫģ
ƣƽ
鶡ˣŷ˹ˣ˹͢ˣ
˹סҲˣֻʣһͷ벻˹Ȼƽˡ
أ
˹ֻһڣ̳Ȼ鶡˹Цһ׷ˣƽܾﻹиȵأ׿ҳԱˣ˹͢ˣ
лˣ
´Ц
׿
Ǹʬ֣˹͢Ȼ֪˹鱨һ⻰֪׿Ҫˡң׿˹Ӱѣǹģ˹ƽ׿ǲǡ
׿ҲƽˣӲƴߣ
˹͢һ
ϧ̫ˣ
¡һֻ޴ƣ߸߾һЦ˹͢ɵٿ죬ҲɲյľͷɲƵĿƣֻһգƱץס˺˹͢
ţƻջأ´˾׽׿Ц˺˹͢ҵĻƽӹˣ
һԣŷ˹鶡ˣѾڱĿˡ
Ǻ˹͢ҲˣΪ˹͢Ȼ޻࣬Ҳǣ׿ѾѺ˹͢ͳͳԽ˶Ҳܷų
ԣ˹͢³ֻ׿Ķޱ޾ޣ
ιŷ˹鶡ʲôٲߣҳԵ𣿡
˹ͻȻϷʵ
⻰˼
ŷ˹ϲҪߣ
ȻҲţǣǲάСѽ˹ҡͷԣ˹͢еľ֮ᣬˣ㡭߰ɣάϣҸطʵӣٳĻҺ׿Ͳ鷳
άŷ˹ά
ŷ˹Ļ̫ˣ˹磬һָԶʮ֮ڣһܿ㣬ͱΥάԸǣ
ҪҲԣ˵ά䣡
鶡˻ߣŷ˹ϣץסȥάǻڵʶǸطӣǣ
ʧӰ٣

޵ϣˣΪʲôҪȥȻЭ𣿡
ɸЦ˹׿ڰǰƽȻʧٰ꣬Ҳһȵˣץ㣬ֻжȻЭᣬʱһѽ
ϸɬ촽ƽǽˡðɣ֮ڣȻֻƽˣôģ
ɸЦҲ˵ǰǾͲϳԶǱɵʬ壬תΪۣڽƽˣ
ȵȣϺȻʶһ⣬棬֪ǻ֣ô֪ģ
ң
ɸû˵Ȼһţ͸˽ϡ
ϴһάıʼǣֻ˵һ仰˹׿Ҫץ޵ϣǧҪ޵У
ǰ죬һϾͷţ˵ô֪İɣ
ɸε̯
άάҲ𣿡һ
˵ôˣ߰ɣɸ͵һƽϣţȻЭ棬ǧҪ˹׿ȻЭỹҪֲ
޵ϣ㻹𣿡
˵ţ˹߽˶Ѩ欵ģһǰĶˣ


268 Դ֮أ1
ðɣڲˣʼ磬˵ϣĥ˹׿ֻƽǰ˵Լ²³ḴҲӵĵô˷ʲô
ֻץԼģɱ˵ġ
λҿԸߣǲǸ˵Ϊʲôץңз۾
ѽ㵹أ˹֣֪Ϊʲôץ㣬͸߰ɣʱ֪ˣ
Ͽ۰ţС㡭
ҲֻʦһˣεЦЦ
Źԣ
˹Цø⿪ģǰ·Žϣţ߳˶Ѩ
棬׿Ѿ̳˴󲿷ֵӣȻЭĲбܽѾȫûˣȻЭԮҪһʱܸѾûԼˣ˹к׿ˣȥʦأ
ŶԵһ£ҪѶľ֮ó꣬죬ҵһ³װˣ
ֹһ˹ָָѨףսȨȶ棬ˣˣʦҪأ
İɣ϶ġˣɸ绹ڶѨ棬ôǣ
˹۽ϣ޵ϵϣɸһЩôҲǺôͭˣĽϵļ򣬡޵ϣѣܹ˼ɣ
ϵͷҸģ𣿡
𣿵Ȼɱѽ˹赭д˵׿Ե壬ͷңһߣ뿴һߺʲôأ
˵꣬ǰȥֻ׿ͷ
ֻǡ
ʮӹȥˡ
ʮȥˡ
˹Ѿߵɽȵڣ׿ȴû׷
׿ʲôأ˹õ
׿ûлӦǣɽﴫһƽȻǿ󣬿㲻Ҫˣ׻˹ɱңƾ׿ѽ
𻺻ɽ˳ңĸƽսʿ֪ʱҲıˡ
ʱ²Ŵ׿ĿЦ˹û취׵ķսȨȷһ£ȥҲСģ
ϣҲأ
˹ŲæϷʵ㴹һֵܵ׿ȫ㻹жܵסҵĵڶ𣿡
˵ţ˹ֱۣһָָ
û˵ȴ̧ͷȻ˹ҵȷû赲ˣ˹Ҫ赲СİɣĿˣ
˵ʱۿգ˹Ц𣬱СϷˣתҵעԼܣҲóЩǿѽ
ΪڿЦʼ磬ðɣɣֻǵ²ҪԹң˵ûźã
򶨵ı飬ÿ˹һġ
̧ͷһһ⡣
Ŷǡ
ֻǣôԽԽأ˹ͷ˵Īһʯ䣿
ȻʯԽԽ󣬶ұʯ׹ʱ򣬿϶ڰĦ𣬱ĥԽԽСǣʯƫƫûĥֻԽԽԽԽ󣬾ȻһСǣһ˴ء
˹Ȼһ˼ϣʣһ˼Ҳĥף񡭡ƺӦáǣǳҵģ
¡
һĴϡ
ԲȻЭܲнΧļ֮⣬Ķҳ˱ıུͦĲҽУѽû˻ûԵɣ
ĵһͷǣ𣿡
˵شﲩݻ˼Ҳû̫Ӱ죬Ƕ׹䣬ֱǷӰΰ
ⳡȻţȴмΪʵʵЧ׿;޴׿ڵ½е˹СģѹҵϣҵÿؽڶѹסˣڲܶˣСİ
֪ˣ
¡
˹ײһ˳һϣ𣬰ţĸƽսʿڲԶվţ
ֻǣǰһΡɽӰ
˹ܶҵǳ֮ܲķķȻץ޵ϣҾͲòһЩѵˣ
ԭķ֣˹ЦôܿƼ;Լ˲ˣðɣ㿴һڻƽǰǳ֮ûʲôرġ
¡
˹Ļû˵꣬һŽСǴͷϡ
Ļƽգķѣƾٻƽ˵̫ķϻ㲻ãķЦһֵ޵ϣȥȻЭܲһģｻˣ
һжģһ㶣ķĻ
ûģ
ķٴظȻؿ𣬺ȻǰϲѾӲҵ˫ۣҲ֪Ϊţ㲻˺޵ϣ𣿡
𻺻ͷкƽսʿ޵Эܲ

ķһ˴ֻƽɣ
ȻЭĳǱϻЩ룬˿￪⣬ʱ׹ʯʱ³ʥµӣķ˵˹ǼٵĻƽȻʲô˼Ҳܿ϶սʤ˹׿֣
ʱжǳ٣Ǳ֮󼸺ûи˵Ļᣬһ˼ҴҵһܵȻÿ˶ÿ޵ǰԴģ
㼱ʲôķѾ˾棡ֵ
Ҳķ㣡
ܻķѾˣò˶ãĽһʳͻή䣬ȻЭ˵Ԯ֮ǰǸƻôǾԶûˣ
ʲôƻȥѰԴ֮𣿡
ɸĻεƻҲòźĸ㣬ҲĻƽ֪Դ֮
㲻֪֪ѽʱѾһ޴ĵ¹ǰ棬ſվ˼һʮźŽ΢΢һЦȻ˵̫ˣܻ죬ҲӰɣ
ܣ˹ܿܣеġ
ϸһ죬ĸͫȻǽɫġ
ʮ𾦾
뵽ˣûпڣһԵȴ˵˳㣬㲻ʧΪȻЭᣡ
𣬻Ͱɣ
źִһԭǼƻ޵ϰѰԴ֮أҲȥ޵ˣǾڷţҵң˵ǴԴ֮ػģ֪ȥԴ֮ء
ңǵļƻҪǺһȥԴ֮أ
˵꣬˺ЦضŷĽϣ޵ϣ겻㲻ϵôǰǻЩ˷أ


269 Դ֮أ2
ŶѽЦЦʵǸʲôţ
˵ҲǽϽֻǰȻ죬Ͼʱ꣬ò˷ǳı仯һʱв
÷մԣһĹ÷մ
÷մ꽭ðҴүٽǴΣҪӭȢ
ǣ÷մѾʧٺþˣôˣ
ϵԽ档
ңףĲף÷մЦЦһһ֡Ͷزʥ˵ǸͶ
ͶȻЭĵڶ䣿Խ棡
ңʱ䲻࣬Ǳ߱˵ɣ
˵ţ÷մ˵ͶŽϽ˻²㡣
÷մͶĹϵӣ仰˵ͶҲǺ֮һأ˹˽ǺĵڶȻЭᡣ
ȻЭ֮󣬰Ͷأ˹˴Ӵ͵ĹżҵһܣֻҪܵõ³߼װܽͼڣʱ³߼װУصĵ߼ʥ˵УΪ˾³װĹʥڴܾͬھ
ʥҲˣǽֻ̨ת˼ʮΣֱһӣֱ÷մˣŮӤأǵģϵˣ˹ʥתϧǰͱŷ˹ɱˣ֪תȥ
ˣ̱أ÷մӴĻ¾̶ָ֮ǣ֪ʲôԭ򣬶̶һʱָ˵۷ڵˮ׼Ǵ̤ĽţѾΪ˰
ǽһʳͶƵ䣬£˼ǿ
֮󣬰ͶҲûзԲ³װ׷ʱ꣬ڿ˿˺ֱͨԴ֮صԴģ
ŵҵľܿЦðͶʥˣȻתŮˣ޸㣡ͶЦмΡ
أõ̫ˣӦһ䣬Ȼ󾪲ˣܹع飬ΪĳԼҲ֪飬أΪʲôع飿
ͶһЦ޵ϣӦ׵ģأңˣкˡлعĹŴǿߣһͬ㣡뵽֮ͬλعˣ
ΪʲôҪԼ룬ֱӸңǸ𣿡
Щ飬Ĳھ͸ѽ
ͶЦݸأָǰˣǰԴˣ鷳޵˵ǵļƻɣ
ͷһЦ޵ϣδԴ֮ػҪĿģǰȥԴ֮ء
ȵȣȵȣ˵꣬ϴϵΪʲôҪҴȥԴ֮أ
Щ飬Ĳھ͸ѽѧŰͶһЦ֪ΪʲôˣڣҪ֪ģǰԴ֮صĵ·ƽǿܻܶΣգܶĵˣǲʲôˣֻҪߣҾܱ֤İȫ
ˣǿˣ
һЦ
Ͽ԰󣬡ȥɣˣ̾˿ƿš
һʥʿµķ̣źһ޴Բƽ̨ƽ̨ϻһЩϡŹֵķţѪɵġм䣬кţǸȥ𣿡
΢΢һЦҲƽ̨ţҼСܾԴ֮أβȥ
ûţڿҪȥʱһ֣£޸ֻ̨ˣң޵ϣţѾǼˣ
޸̨
Ͽ˿µԲƽ̨ԭȻЭԴģǲ³װе޸̨
ûǵԴĻ޸̨
ʱ߹͵ԼϵףսȨȣȫ޸̨ϣЦԭҪԴ֮أ߼³װȻЭʱ䣬޸̨ڣ˽죬ֻҪ³װܿͨԴ֮صĵ·
ԭˡ
ϵͷι׳ˣΣա
ͲҪǵˣ޵ϣһ·ߺãǵõԴ֮أһԸ
һ޸̨ϵİťһʧӰ
е裬裡
ˣȻЩȻ˵У޵ϳɹˣҲʧˡǺǣ綼ˣҶɻҽˣҲûõģ
ʧܣͻ᲻ڣû
ˣ㲻ᶮġ̾˿
䣡
ͻȻ֮䣬ؾ𵴣ȻЭܲЩˣ
£Ͷʡ
𣡡һƽʿЦһʳˣ

ű֮⡣
ķһֲٿѹƾ׿һ׻Ӷ³ʥ£ս˹һ˴սֻƽҲ·磡
Ķ̫ˣԶԶأһ˴ķˣÿڻˣ
ķߡ
ţһ˸źڰ׶ɫĹ˹Ǻ˵ϵȻƤ¶ľľ׿
ǾȻҸųˣ
׿ԭѹ棬ãʱ޴̻˹֣ķ
ԶһЦΪֵĸԣӣֻڣ䣡
¡
ڶڰɫâϮ׿ϣ޴ء
ŵĵÿһڻض׿һؽڣֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ͱ׿ֽɢ١
ֹͣ
׿ͷأû޴۾һԶһˮƵĶڰɫĹâǴˮ淢ġ
ˮԱߣһſǧǿߣģҲ˼ͼƽʥ˵ʵ
ǧǿ󣬺ѹѹһƬƬӣӴļûĴأ
ʱˮԱߵһλϽ߾ֱۣȵ׿죬㳢һ˳Եζʮž棬׿
ʿƵ˹ã֣ʬһſڣ˺ҧ׿ۿõٶȣ׿ضһȱڣرСˡ
׿
ⳡ棬˹ѾˣԱߵķȴ
·ѿ˹ǲϵĽԸ˹ѶˣҸоˣҲڵ£ûȳȥúý
˵꣬ȻЭĹűǰȵͶĬʮӣʮ֮޵ϱûƽ߳ҽһʳľӣ䣬ݲ
޵Ѿˣ
ŻͶЯ˳һۣͬοЦĬǰ޵ѾȥԴ֮أ
Դ֮أ
Ĭüͷһ壬ֱҲȻˡʮżž棬ɱһУ


270 ԰
ȵȣ
ȵȣ
ͬһʱ
һŵУǽһʳ鰵ܹܣڶû˼ĬԼȿڣ㼱ҴҵĬߣԪ˧ҸѶ˹ļҶһκܿµϢ
˵ţһõļĬ
Դ֮صܣԭĬɲǼûѪɫŭѾȥԴ֮أģԴ֮ΣأȻЭᣬƭȥԴ֮ءȻЭᣡ
ȵȣ
ǵڶٴδ볱ˮֿһŮǰǰɯ
̫󣡡Ĭæõľͳ͹ȻЭϲ⣬ȻͱȥԴ֮ðա
֪ˣ
ɯһͷĿȴĸƽսʿ
ûпĸƽսʿûƽİɣɯԸŮ뿪Σ˻ƽսʿǰ
̫СģŸæѹʮ󲽡
û£һȥɯֺʿȻôһͣƾʲôܶûƽͼ֪ƽܣ
Ͷ𻥿һûлش
˵𣿡ɯһɱ
̫󣡡ͶЦһ޵ȥԴ֮أֻеֻ̨ܰһǲ˱ǡ
в𣿡ɯЦö꣬û˸вأĬ˵ôѽ
̫ĩף
Ĭ߾ֱۣʮżž棬ɱ
ˣȡ
ŵٶʵ̫ˣһ䡮ˡڵʱѾмǧҸֳ˹űУһһҲǷ˷ֻҪΧɱк
¡
ֻһգ۵ĹӵˣʮҴƽ޺ų˳ǽĺѾ˹ʶһɨƽ񣬳һ˾һ
˵ˣ
ͻȻǰ棬ͣǰĳˣѾƵ꣬ʮ˶ûмˣǻҪϾɱ𣡣
£Ǿ͵ĮҲš
ûжǡǰɡһƾնԼߣնԼͷ­
ɾʱ⽭ɫ䣬Ҳ˲ʱлԼ˺ǿŤת˵Ĺ켣Ȼ˿Ѫֵضߺգ
أ
һԣɯҲɴ۾Ҫվ˫Ȳзϣһˤ˵ϡ
οЦ裬ŮТꡭ
⻰ȻǻƽսʿǴ˵ġ


֣һأһ
̸ģʱĦСж۰Ůĸϲң岮Ҳҵ飬ϲСһУĺá
ֱһ죡
һ죬˹۹ϹŶҲСʵ·׵İְ֣ר裬˺ܶܶ岮䣬ҵİְҲμ䡣

ʧˣְ趼ˣңҲǸֶưͣūг
ūӡˣǺǣΨһңԽԽƯūҪեҵֵụ̂ҡ
ūĵ̸꣬Ҿȳ˻ӡ
̸û˵֣Ҳ֪ǸܴܴĴ
̸̹ף͸˵ңĴ󷢣ҲǿҿΪҵݡĦСƾݣһ죬̸ܸĪĺô
Ȼ̸ô˵ȻǰҾȳӵĽ̸ҵĸף
̸Һ֪ܶ࣬ʶ书ʮƽʿ֮׵λÿҿЩʱҾ;ãлᣬұ뱨̸
ڣĻˡ
֥Ǳ˺ߣ嶼ټ̸֡˵ҳᣬ̫ǵĦҷֲ»صܲôܰаĦҶıĦҳΪȻЭһ֡
˵ʵĺЩĶǵ飬Ǹ׵󣬲
ҿԾܾκˣǣҲܾܾҵĸף
ǣٴλװūҪһ̨Ļᣬ˳µؽ̫ǵļֲ
ǣ޵ϸıҵļƻȻ˺ˣӮң
ɵСӣ֪ǼĦڲİ֪Ϊƻ˸׵ļƻõҵĳͷ
Ĳ֪
ɵСӣȻаҸˣ˵ɡ
ǺǣĺȤ
ҲǴһ̿ʼҷ޵ϵ˫ݣȤܲһ㣬һ˲
ǣԸ˸׵ļƻΪ޵ϵá
ʵ֤ҵѡûдȻһ·޵ϳ˺ܶ࣬˺ܶǽһˮɽǣ˽һʳĻ룬˳չȥ޵ϻΪ½İ֮һңҲܰ︸׿޵ϰɣ
ƣ
ʣΪ޵ϵĸҵĸ̫ˣصĻƽ䷽ιֻʨӣȻֻʨ˲ѷʥ˵Ļƽսʿ
޵һĸ£ԶҲ޷Ŀɣ
ҵһð뷨ʱ򣬷Ǽ¡
ǰˣҼ̳λã֮ĵһ£ǳ޵ȥӲμۻĻᣬһ·β棬֥ɱ졭⣬ҲǸҵĸ˰ɣ
ٺ䣬˹͢Ϯһˮɽǣ޵ȥ䣬ʧ硭
޵ϲˣȻЭңһˮɽǣ̲޵ϵȫҵ
ǣЩ
ΪҲԼĸ֣ΪһʳʱѾǿƥеĵز
һǧ˰飬һǧ˰鰡һǵ޵ʧ֮ĵĸ£·ϲܹһǧ˰ʿûռŵ۹
һҾˣͳһ˼䣬ֻʱ⡣
ǣҿʼ֯ȻЭܳ䣬ʵ֤ˣ󣬰ɯĸ׷˶ȻЭһսǿĽҾǰ˳˵䣬ŹӲд˽죡
ȻЭ˺Ҳͷصݣص䣬һһذȻЭٴθˡ
ڣ˰ǰ
ǰҵõһĴܣ绹ڣ໹ȥͱ޵ȥԴ֮أ
ԣҲϧ޵ϣϧԣǰ⡭ǲĴţĽһʳ

ء
ɯЦһ󣬺Ȼɫһ䣬ȵأҵŮǻʳв޵ϡĬͳ˧ȫ
̫󣡡ĬѹǵԿ˹鱨ڣڹ֮ǰһ
ɯùһأ޵ȥ䣬Ϊ
ĬȻͷ
ɯ۾ͻȻƽپǰĬȫس˼䣬۹оԺƻģûϣȥҲҪƴһƴ
˵꣬εؿأ㡭أؼҰɣ


271 Դࣨ1
޸̨ΪԴ֮󣬽ϵͻȻƮƮģƺһ˲ʧȥһſ޾Ʈš
ǰԴ֮ص
ϴһ磬ͷϽ£ǰңǿͷ޾գ粻ͬǣﲢûе˸ǳкܶƵģ仯߹
жʮӣǾܸϵԴ֮ˣҪ˵񣡡һԳԸ
ҿԱͣǲǸ˵ΪʲôҪȥԴ֮أʼ磬ҶѾˣû·˵𣿡
˵ǿ˵ˣȷҪЦмϷʡ
̯ʾԼҪ
ðɣȸңԴ֮˽٣Ȼö˵ʲô
ҶԴ֮ص˽⡭
°˼һȻָ仰һҲ֪Դ֮شӺҲ֪ʲôܣ
ڶ֪Ŵʱ򣬻ƽͷﶼԴ֮أҽȥ֮Ƕ˷ǳǿ˲ѷڴ˵еġͼڡ֮˰ɣ
Ͽ۰ţﰲԴ֮أĿǰѰԴ֮أ
ͷ֪ЩѾˣҲ©˲١
͵޵ϣ˽ԶʱʷһҪ½˵һʷ㳣ʶв̫һʷԴ֮Ϊĵʷ
һϵ޷֤ʱոճûжãкܶջ𶼲ᣬֱһȺ׵ԭʼˡ
ԳЦЦԭʼʱһʿԣҹΪһһԵĹŴޣȻץӥ뺣㣬ء
ĳһ죬䲻ԶһŹİ׹⣬Ϊĵһʿ岻ݴǣʹȥ̽Ű׹⡭Ű׹֮һɲǣʹϮֶȥ
ʱ͸оѾһַǳص׾ٵذɱޣ˾ʯһԽԽ𽥷֣ũþߣ첿ԭʼ˽ᡭ
ڶλĳݣͶĿ־壬ǿʼλΪͼڡеⲿҲƺŰ׹Ϊͼ֮
Ͷ
̲סԭԭʼʷĵһͼڣͶ
ǵһͼڣͶ
ڰͶİ£Ҳӵͼ֮Уһ졪³Ľ죡³ٿ죬ԭҲûлᳬͶģΪͶϾΨһӴǵ׹˰
ǾһҹŰ׹ٴγ֣εǲ³ᣬѾӵͼ֮Ĳ³ᣡ
³ӴŰ׹֮׾ٵĶ˻ӶΪĵһʥˣ
̲³֮󣬰ͶƾԼҲΪʥˣǳʥͬһʱ䣬ͶͷޣͷҲӴ׹ޡȻҲˣǵһʥˣҵĸף棡
ϺȻЦԷǵζͼ֮ȻһŰ׹⣬˾棬ԭʼһǱĳ
ôúܲ˼飿
˽ɫԣЦЦҸ˵ģҸǰҵģ֤֮ǧȷʷ
ҲǲţֻЩ֣ðɣ
εЦЦ
˲³ᣬͶԼҸ֮ǿߵһڴǽӴǵ׹⣬ܻױȵΪˣȻպǰ׹Ҳûгֹ˲ϧһдۣȥѰǰ׹Դ
Уңʮ𾦾
̾˿׼ȷ˵ǸȥʱҲ˼ʱ򣬸Ѿǿͼľ磬ǣûӹȻĹɣһĲˣڲǰ׸Ҹղ˵һУ˸֮Ҳ̤Ѱǵ׹ĵ·
ָָǰʱǧ꣬ҵǵ׹⣬Ҳ֪ǰ׹Դ֮ءǣͼԴ֮صʱȴ˴м䡭ģһǼǧ꣬ҶãңȴֻţԣԴ֮صĴžͳһ϶
Ϊ϶顭
ӿ٣ĵ꣬ҿԴ֮ܳһˣ˷ǳŹ֣˵ȫĻڲĽ˵˼仰֮󣬿Ͷ뿪ˣ
һ꣬ȴԴ֮سģϵ˵ͷǳҪ
뿪֮󲻾ã˼˹ӺͷߣΪ˿ޣӺͷһҵĴս
սĹУԴ֮߳˵ڶˣ۰ţǸŮˣ棬ֳذƵС
ﰲС㣿žҼС㣬ҲǴԴ֮߳ģ
˵ͷﰲ뿪Դ֮֮һս˹ͷˣȻ̤ѰǴ˵УԽȫһˡ
ﰲˣڿ޵ûнڣﰲ뿪Դ֮صĵڶͷ³Ϊ˻ܿޣٴԴ֮أһΣۿԴ֮߼ʱ˵ƾ߼սʤޣ
³߼װҲԴ֮أ
־ȣɸȵĻں棬ֻ˵³᲻ֻ߼װԴ֮ˣ˴ɵɵģȻǳ˵ӣȴֻӤ̣ǵѧϰٶȷǳ죬ܿ죬ǾһܺսܣΪġʹ
ĸʦҲǴԴ֮ģȻ
ͷ³ʹ뿪֮󲻾ãͷ˴֮ս󣬲³ӡ˿ޣ뿭һͬ硭
֮Ҷ֪ˣϵԣǻƽʵţҲʵѵ
ûƽͷﶼԴ֮أٳȥʱǾӵױȵ
̾˿֪ʷˡֻǣЩǹؼؼǣƽͷʧԴַ֮ʲô
ʲô׷ʵ
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ͷ̾ϢңʱѾһ뷢԰׵ˣӵӴֽǺӣѩɽˣǺӣ
ѩɽˣǴԴ֮߳ǸꣿԼԼ䣬ѾյԴࡣ


272 Դࣨ2
ǵģѩɽˣǵһԴ֮ˣﰲҪ磡
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ѩɽ˰ʹȥ磬Ϊؽʥǹ硭ѩɽԼ˼ѰҲ³װ
ĶͷˣѩɽԴ֮ڼ䣬ʧأ³ᣬֻ˵³ᣬҪˡǡ͡顯Ҳϵ˼갡죬ȻõĺĿؼˡ
ʹȥѿǺһðѱõĺĿؼҲҴˣ֣³ʥսװ
Ѿ˵ˡ
ȴǲ³װʲôǺ飬֮ΪѰǣѩɽ˻˺ܶĹ
꣬ѩɽ˾Դ֮أƺڽʲôƻΪƻ˺ܶǿߡŶܿͻῴЩǿߣҾͲ˵ǵˣԼɡЩǿ֮һ죬ѩɽ˿Ц
ָָԼĶ䣬ˣѩɽǵõ˿˹׿Чңƺõʲôõⶫ֮ѩɽ˿ЦõĿƺģÿƺľȻһˣ˹׿Ǿҵϵۣҵľ˵꣬ѩɽϷԸµǿߣÿƺѾ֣ҲҪǺˣֻҪٸҴһˣҾ̿ع顯ƻ
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ΨпЦ
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ʱ򣬿Ϊ˻ȡǿ磬Ϊֹޣ³ͰͶֳϧǿ޵Ķ֡
ңɴĵһʻԱѩɽ߳˷ɴ÷ɴϵ³˸߿Ƽӡսʿڻ˿ޡ
ĺ˹͢ٴθ˿һһΣ޲֪ΪʲôҲ߿Ƽӵļǣ˷ߡ
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Ϊ˻ؼңѩɽ÷ɴһʹʼѰ³װ;
ֱ죬ѩɽڵõҪһÿƺģǣĻؼҼƻԿʼˡ

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ﶼˡըֻҪǸѩɽ˵ľٶͻ̱ɱأ
ˣˣȥɣѩɽڵ㣡
һĻ˵꣬Ҳܽûת˽ȥ
һҲ߽˰׹⣬·άʱ̵ض˶٣ά
ˣһжԹʱˢˣʲôҲ˵ˣȥɣάɫ䵭ĬĬ˼档
Сʵ۵ǳ彭ϼüŪ˼£ǽûᡣ
׹棬һƬķѾõĻأĴɳӣһ޴Բ̴ڵҳء
ʵϣȷһԲƵķɴʮ¥ôߣֱҲһǧס


273 ÿƺ
ˣŶһοԴ֮أ˼Ҳŵİأ˷ɴ̽һηݣ
ȣ
ʲôþȵģ
ֵҴԽĴˣںһ̫շɴ
ЦţҲû뵽һ͵ĹŴ֮󣬾ȻܿһҳƼǧ̫շɴ
ˣղᵽѩɽʧصʱ˵ϵۡʣ˵ҷɴһڵأ

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Ȼǰ͵ˣҪСŶԴ֮صܿأȥ֮ǧҪ˵ҶȻѩɽһɾ鷳أ
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⣬ɴкܶ౻ѩɽƵĸ֣÷ɴɣСʵ۴ǰϣһлᣬһҪ÷ɴԶԭ֮½
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ʱǰ洫һϵЦɫѩɽӭ˳Ȼԭ֮½Եòײ࣬ڽϿֱڿһƻôƬ
ѩɽ˱󻹸ˣһʹ
ȻԴӽϳ֮ѩɽѾüץϵжˣʹϮһΣ˹׿ǵڶΣǵΡ
޵ϣԴ֮صӣǲǺܾȣѩɽ΢΢һЦ
ʵﻹûжپȣΪҲһ򣬳Զԭ֮½ľǿϺܶ࣬Ϊѩɽˣɴ۾࣬ʦԴ֮ءѧ֪˵Щʲôźˣ
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ԭ˹͢ЩʧƷΪģģָָƽأҼǵãǰƽʮˣϮҵĽɽǣУƽӣΪʲôһ
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ѩɽŭЦǣ֪ЩﰲΪʲôһֱѰܽȫһҸߣŮ룬˭ܽȫһô˵֣ݻٷɴƽˣ
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Ͽ۰ţֻƽŮѾЩ̱ˣСˣСץ˺׶Ϊִݻƽ죬ôܣ

ȰţϵĳҪߵĶˣ̯ðɣûбˣһңƾʲôɴ
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ϿЦץⶫޱһİťǰɣһʵ
ÿƺģ˵³װȻǽϵġ̸ȣ


274 
̸ΪʲôѩɽУѾҪ˵ˡ
꽭ϰѹ˰ˣ׿ֳԵ˰ˣȻȻأȾ׿Ķ˼꣬׿Ű͸ѩɽˣ
ϻף˵ǷɴĿƺģ׿ܰҲͿԽˡԭǷɴƺĵĲ׿űÿƺģ϶ӵ˸սʿ
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ѩɽ˵·׵˼ûõģһʹ̫İ취Բٿ޵ˣԣ޵ϣ㻹ʵһЩɴɣ
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275 
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ѩɽ˷ɴԭ֮½ġƺѾˡ
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Ҳ֪ĸ˵а취ˣţ޵ϣߣ

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ǡ
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Ȼ󡭡
׹䣡
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ϺѩɽˤһƬĵϡ
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ˣ
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³ᣬ۹ѧԺͼʥأʵԭ֮½ġλǡֻõ߲ЩλǣͿ԰Ҳһԭ֮½ڣ𣿡
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