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ߣ곽

ݼ
ݣǸҵڼҵլУȤûûҹĿϵĸС˵Щ½磬ѡ
һ⣬Խˡ
һõ磬໥սͷݸģһϲСǼˣ˸һϲ񣡾ᣬή֣֮
ȻһУڴԽݵ֮󣬷˸ı䣡
м꣬ʮꣿֻ꣡һʣԽޱȵĽС˵֮ǿƷľ顭ҿԽķˮ
һޱȾʵ簡֮꣬վ۷ȥһ£񲻰Ϲһ˴ԽЦ





1 Խ׼ϲ
үүء
󻪹춼һûʵĸ֮ۡУһݵĸ˿
ۡռΪֻĶֹͥԺɽ¥ܣûľ֮ȴһƬƽƾɵķ֮С
춼ˣ¶ۡԶİֻۡˣ춼Ϊ֮һġޡҡ
󻪹ʮʡʮ춼λСʮ֮һλ֮ϣƽʡںһسǡ
ν춼ҡ֮ƵģƣΣҡ
ҾǴгǧĴң̻˶Ҽ춼߲ϵĸó׶У˲Ŀ
Ϊ޼ұңۡڳеĵλ֪
үүѰѰǳʲô£С㽻ء
˱ʹ֮˵Ĵ޼ұҵһͰƽ֮д˳һ̱ҩζܣʹ˲Ϊ֮ڱǡ
Զ޼һˣȴ¶ּڽ֮⣬ֻĿƽ֮У֮Աǡ
٣˵⡮үֽУȴܹܸѪ񣬴˴ֻ׶༪ٰ
ҲùǰЩܹ֮ʳڣƸڵ졣֪ǰϪ֮ʱǡӥޡϮǾ˻ȴѾǷˡ鱾ͲѵȻⲻҪйһˡ
˵ȴ֪ǡүʲô¶ܹŭ
ܹӲ֮ʹδЪȴƼ⡮ү֪ȥһʱŭ֮ԵҶƣȴһм֮ࡣ֮ˣȴкʸ㽡ȫġ
⻰˵ȥֻ˶ĿɿڴֻԼӲмԵ޹ʽһ㽡ȫ֮˴ѪһԵ˵ãȻƫ˵Щ֮Уδа֮Уһֻ֮⡣
ǵ֮ˡ˵⡮үҲǿ֮ˣ;ݽߣ裬ȫȻûаʡ
⻰ȴҹ֮ͬˣɺ֮֮ᵱεȷޣ춼֮˭˵ҲĿ֮һֱ˱ȥֻ޼춼һңߣȴƫ֪԰ħΪ飬յζ֣޼Ҷ㱻УֱᱻڼҸֻɱ콧ϣʬ޴棬޼űһִϢ֮Ȼȴ䵽֮ĩλáҵȳȥ֮ˣĪԡħ֮ѡڽߣҲ峤ӣ֮飬ݹӲд񡭡ǻңֻԽ֮ɱ£
ˡȴǺ֮У·֮ʱֻǸոճѣǰںϣȴܻЩ˵ȥ
˵ȥߣѾ峤ʴˡծӳ쾭֮£õбͱһζĪΪ峤㴦ȴǲ
ҿδ˵ֻ峤һɳϾأܹܱ⵵ڽˡ֮ӣϾҲ峤Ѫ峤ֻ֪ܹ𷣰
ߣĿܹ֮ѾǺ˲Ķ֣޼ңλԼһɿ֮⣬Ϊ֮ߵҲ˫ʮ֮峤ףȴһķ㣬һһô
⵹Ҳǡ
һ̾ڽ򳰷ֻһͬĿͬʱȻڴ˱ݿĵͰƽ

ƽ֮УһŨ̱ǵĲҩ֮ζй򵥣Ҿ߳¾ɡǽ֮Уһƽ尫֮ϣһϢһˡ
ԼĪʮģİСżӳ¾ɡǴϣ˿СһƬ԰ѪʱĿܡ
࣬һ˷ϣ޵ıĵأǴֲּΡΡĸ˵Ķͷݡ
үأǳʲô£ˣҺСͶүء
룬Ȼϵȴ޷ãϢԽ΢ƽ
Ȼڴʱƽ֮ϵĿͻȻƶոջƵգ̼ͻ㼯ƶ䣬ת˲֮䣬ƸǵأϮϮһͬһƣʱ˸߸ߵĿУһɫף˸
ɫ˵ͱ䣿ҪˣɢˣԷҰɡ
ɫǧ˵ͱ䡣֮˶ʱֹԿʰŸԵĻƣסȥˡƽ֮⣬ʱ壬˱ͽ֮⣬
ǣ䡭
һȻըɫĹ·˲ʱ佫ƽ֮ϵƷֳ룬ݵĺɫƲ㡣ģһڰĹ֮촫δ
һףֻ÷ݶΪ֮ɪɪһƽ֮޵ĸˣҲͽȻһ̧ͷ
涣⸾Ȼ˲̵ʱ䣬һ˫Ͳ۾ѾͨһƬϸƣƤڣһ֪ƶ˫۾ɲĿݶһʱ侪֮ɫȴ֮ǰıݡ
⾪Ҳֻһ˲ɢȥеıٶ¶ˮҲ֮ٶȴӵĿʹϧĿ˴ϵˡ
үһѣȴܼ˵裬˵һֽҲ˵
ϸСУҪչү񡭡
뵽֮˱ʤԴᣬӱصʹ
˵ͷᣬģʱ򣬴֮⣬ȴͻȻһɫâ͵˵üģüͷʱȻ壬·Ϊʹʲôɫâ԰֮ϣ漴壬˸ݣ
˴ʱ޵֮࣬ɫâΪڵûз֡
â˸仯ݣ֮󡭡
ۣ
һں֮ѪͻȻ˿˳ֱֱһĸϡȴһ͵̧ͷʧɫүү
ļ٣æס˵ӣǶһžž¡
һѪ֮ȫѪɫҲѸٻָһЩѪɫһֱŵ˫һ˿ãȻĻ
ǰ֮ʱ΢΢һ૵ǡ
δ䣬ֻԺ֮С硱죬·ʲôȻһ㡣һӴϢͻȻԺ籡˳ɫסٶһףʹһ֮ͷһƫٶ˻ԡ
үү
˷羡ʧˮ涣

֪˶೤ʱ䣬ݲƵתãȻ˫ۣĿģȴһİϤĳ
ưܳ¾ɵİҾߣͰƽĹߡƺһİķ֮С
Ϊʲô
дɻ֧ҪúõĿһܡȻؿȻһۣ֫ٺ·һ˲ɢӰ١ƺһӲĴ֮ϡ٣֮϶ʱ亹鲼
ô£ΪʲôһˣΪʲô
δعһӴϢȻըɫһףʹüͷʱ䣬Ȼš
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ϲŴһ̾
Խû뵽汻Լˡ
ݿЦõڴϡΪʮһ͵࣬ڴԽĻѾꡣȻ󲿷ֶϹģⲢҶ¶֪
˵Ǵʱ߿ռļڣ뵽һİ֮ǰȫͬȥ
ݵͷһԼڵ״ٻһԺֵһİļ䣬֪Խˡ괩Խ
ݿЦõڴϣԺѸٵǷİļ䡭
ݡһֵǺԼһ֪ڤڤ֮УǷĳֹǽֻһɺϣ
󻪹춼޼ҵĵѪ
ᣬ֮ţӢš
ϲ񣬾嶼Ϊ
үүǼ峤ʲѲӡ
ڼеλū죬͡ĸ׵һŮ󣬸鼫
һһÿһ㣬һ򵥵ϢʹԺиֳҲôԽͬѧȴҡͷЦֱϲС˵ı׼ʽ
ιʶ˵ʱȴ΢΢һͣüͷ΢΢
ԺУһ渡ֶ
һĸߴɭȻˣ߸ϵĸԼɭĻеȻ
Ҷƣȴм֮ࡣ֮ˣȴкʸ㽡ȫ
ü
ֻԼУ޹ʽ˴ˣٰԵҲûְԵɣ
Ȼ漴һŭȴͻȻû˿׵ӿݶʱɫ΢΢һףϽƽƬ֮󣬲ָƽ
ӣ⵹ù˵ԹǼ
ݳ³һţ΢΢һ壬ȴ볶˿ڣ̲סҵĿ
үү
ٴ⴫ݲ̧ͷȥֻһ˴ſڳ˽
ѾѹȴھҿԵʱ׻һĴ˵ءݾϲӣ鲻ԽĹ˵ϺӣлӰ
̡
Դ˻Ƶݿд˳ƶİˣͷȴһĽ֮顭ͬѧף˸˱ǴСǡүŮ̡
̵ĸ˻Ƶ֮æӭˮ촽ʹϧĸݵĶͷûµģûµġүѾڰҩˡҩûˡ
һδޣŮõһʱ䣬ڸү֮жȹġΪүĳ޼ҵĵλһūĸߡΪĿˣЩ˲֪ίȻҧȹˣĳ̶ֳүѾΪȥȫҲˣݱͬһĶһѪۣѾֻгûнʱûȥ
̡ˣû¡
ǡүӰ죬ݶ⸾Ҳ˵С˱ʹϧԼģȻ֪ڹġүݡǳһЦݣο
ȶְǶүڣǹūһٸӣҲ˰ء
涣ݵĶͷ࣬ҪܼСȺѾԼӵĴ̣ܲ
šүļ䣬ȴ֪Ǳϵᣬ޼Ҽ֮ӣԺաʳڣ귽ʮһʵͻ˺ֱ֮죬Ϊ춼һǿߡֻϧӢţ᲻֪԰ħᣬձڶǿΧ콧ϣѪԨøʬ޴档
ҲˣΪΨһѪż衭ݵĴֽȫȻͬ
춼һǿߵĶӡεԺݣ˵ܹܣгڣҲǲҶСġ
ֻϧ
ħȴ֪νġħʲôأС˵롮ʿͬġħʿС˵֮ɾֱ仯ġ֡
ȴǰԴ⡭


2 ϫ㣬
21͵ĵҲֻһѧҵĴѧѡҵһ꣬ڼҴҵһ꣬ҹϷ֮⣬û¿ոһ긴һѾᷳ˵ûм˵Ҫɱĳ̶ȣȴҲոķζͿ
ˣҲС˵ǧĪ硭֮ǰйԼԽˡ֮뷨
Ϸҹ֮ſڵǰ˯ˡȴһԵˮ˲֮ϡǣ߾ʹ˷
޿Ϊ¶ԽҲԲһˡ
үúϢȥҩû

Թҩٶ˵һСĻ֮󣬶ԷúЪϢ뿪ˡȻ޼ҵūͣȻүһƬĹܼȴȻɵĻơݻ͵͵һЩСæˣеĵӶϡ䴦һˡ
ɫͶ˴֮ϡ̧ͷ˿ɫ
һֻ湻صġ㰲ĵȥɣ㹻ʵ֮󣬶ȻΪ㱨ġ
ؿһҵʹɫЩסȴҲ֪ƶԲ֪ΪԵʣöѵؿڼѾԭֻǹʹδֻҪһʱ䣬Ҳָܻˡ
ġүѾǻ⡣ֻһ˿ݵ֮Сһ˿ݵİȻǺܴġ
һ磬ͬһǣﲢԿƼΪҪߵĿԼо֮΢ϵĵ·ȫȻûǿǷ߱ƽС¡ɽּƽɽ壬乵֣޴ǳػҷ𡭡
ǿߵĵ··Ϊ졯ʮ㣬ﵽʮ۷֮󣬱һļʴ֮֮󣬱ͿԳع֮ͨӶʹﵽһǿ̶ȣӵиֻ֮ͨͻƣдһ
ʱ䣬Ȼš
Ҳ֪ȥ˶ãݲų³һ棬ѾһƬڡ
ƽǹᷳˡȻλᣬôԵҪһ
΢һ£³һΣԺлʳз
Һ⵹ùļ䡭ʲУһֱʣԽзʽǼһҹѨλҲǱĹ졭ˣֻڻǲ֪ء
һĨЦ
½Ĺֻǧ֮࣬ԻֵĻ·ΪľˮС֮⣬确׵硯ڰ硯֮ԡ
ϫˮϵ졯⹦֮һʮ㣬ʮ֮󣬱ͿԴﵽʮľ硭
һԺ֮гϫһйʽȻʹСүİҪѰЩѨλ˵ȴ׾١Ȼ⡰үĻǷǳοġ
һ˿˿ϢԵ֮л΢ɾȻˣڴδнӴڹĴԽ˵ȴ׾ٱ͸Ӧˡ
Ϣô
ݱ棬աү֮еķǹϢȻȻİյһķ
ֻо·һֱϸСеļζһ㣬΢ȴָеһ˲ϲָо
ֻ֪ȫĵͶ뵽֮ȥˡûع֮ʱѾһȥˡ
ףôô򵥣
ݲǳСүԱȣ֪ԡү˵Ҫһ죬ûһϵʱǸܵġ֮УʹĸоԶԶҪĸоڡ
ݲĸоѾص֮УǱ֮ǰ׳Ϣࡣ
ղŵϢֻһֻϴСĻѾһֻСǿʮ౶ֹ
һ㡭ͻˣ
ػؼ˺öΣϢȻۻʹһĴϢݵʱɴ۾һϲȻͻˣ
Ҫ֪үΪϲ񲢷ûԭġľΪݽߣ˵ƽʱûʲôֻҪʼУͨ˸Խ񣬹ž޲ľءǽˣҲΪ˳־ءӶٶһ
֮⣬Ҫľͨ˿ɲͬϢȹĵطȴȫûа취ϢʮϰٱУԽҪľԽˡȻǿдͨľֻᷢ֡ľΪܵĶ֮󣬶ʱͻᾭѣһˡ
ҲˣżΪС·һͻὫһ㡣
Ρ
΢΢Ƭ̣ȴ¶һ˷ܵЦݡԽڹȻġԼʣǼ˰ɣ
뵽˴ȫ˷õʣԽľʡΪ½ʵǱǮ
ɫ˴һƣһԲС̣߽˷䡣
̡
ݾ֮ࡣ
үоЩ˰ɣ
˵ƣ¶ֻϲ飬ߵݵߡе̷һԵİ֮ϣһֻȴݵĶͷ
ΪȻǾݵ⻹ֲʵĸоʶù֣ȴı΢΢һ¡
ȿȡ̣ҩ׼˰ɣ
̱΢æɿһ˼ȻݵĻǴҲʱùԼֵ£ͷ׼ˣȺ˰ɡҲ⣬öʱٳ԰ɡ
ݵͷӦǣǴǿЦЦһ˿ƣݽҩ֮¶˼οҩʰһ£뿪
ô뿪֮ݲ˴¶˳˼ɫ
ⴺ̴ǡүȷ缺һƬĹܼȴΪǡүĹϵ϶ҪΪһ´̡Ȼδɸү˵үȴүڴƽؾ;۸˿ⲻһЩֻ侮ʯġϾүĸᣬ޼Ҵ˲Сĳ衣Щ뿪ۡζҵ֮ʱҲǱܼڽû취鷳ȻֻΨһѪ鷳ˡ
ƣ̬ܼһǸ˺ǲٵĻơҪҩҪȥɹܼҵĻơһ˼ңܲƣ
뵽ĵȴ͸һŭ𡭡ǹŭƺʱܻ籡
̾һȴ֪ǡү
ǵʿǲһ㳱ϫֻһϱѾͻơüϾҪˡʱҪһʱ䣬һʸԷɡ
ݵĻ£ǹŭҲǽƽϢ̾һ֪ǡү껹ڣֻѡʱƣԼ϶ԽԽǿǹӰͻȥˡ
˵꣬һݻ˫ϫڶзʽĴԺ֮иֶ

ʱ䣬Ϣ£
ݣԽѾµʱˣ
޼Ҹۡ£ϵԼūֻͣгǧ˲ֹ˸˾ְ޸ľȻ˿ңֳǧҵĻǮ̡
˵ʮǰ޼ҷĶӣʮ֮ȴٻ߻ἯϡȻǰʱܹܽѪū֮дʱţѾûȥˡ
ݵ˵ûκε

ƽ֮Уϥڽƽ崲֮ϣ˫΢գݰꡣ֮䣬һǳȻ͸֮ϣȻתϸϸŵĻ֮еѪȻһ˿ͬϫĻ֮˲Ŀ
Ϥ˵ڴ˿Ļǵþͷȥɡһǰ˴Ѫĳͷβķʱֳı֣Ȼ˳ϫ۷ļôܣ

һֻĿڱ֮УȻɫɢ˰ҵľ룬Żʧͬʱ˫
һĨâһӶΪƽ˼ɣ
¡޵УȻﵽ˳ϫĵ㡭ٺ٣Ҫ˵ȥֻ·ǵЩһ۾ɣ
ˣȻ괩ԽĴԽˡ
һ˿οЦݣ˸˿˿ڴȷڴԼʵֳȥ֮Щһﵽ׻¶ʲôıأ
ֻǣ㵹ͻˡһµʱ䣬Ҳֻе۷ѡиоͻƣӦܿҪˡ
ݰš
֪⳱ϫǼΪˮϵ춥ķ֮һֵǲѣһԣͨʵߣֻʱ䣬ͻƵһ㡣ڶĻҪһҵʱ䡣ûĹͻƵģĲ㣬͸˵ˡ
޼֮ˣֻҪЩʣͻͿʼСʮ꣬ͨĴܴﵽңʲܴﵽңܴﵽ߲ģҪơĸףҲᣬ͵ʱﵽ˵ڰ˲㣬ˡ
ǣµʱ䣬޵Уﵽġ޽У
ʣֻݣ
֪ݲµʱ䣬ʹﵽ˵ľ硭ֻڱչصҲҪˡݵݣֻ̼ҪΪ޼ΪҪ
һ룬ܹܵǸӣʮ꣬ﵽ˵ľ磬ū͵ݣƸڵ֮졭۱޼ҵϵݡ⻹ֻ֮
½ֵλһڹңڴ½ĵλ
£㲻УﵽȾ˵Чȴû֪
ͻӦþ¡ֻǵ߲ķڻδֻ֡дﵽϵʵʸ롮ڸȡáߣڰˣھţʮķˡô졭
üͷ°ͣЩա


3 ελ
ԼڵʵɲǱ¶ĺʱаʱ䣬һһȵļϼǸʱ峤ȺϼһŻҲֻǸʱ¶ŻԵİȫһЩ
ݿС˵ʤö٣ȴǳĵȫǶõġִңȨʤΪԼһ棬ȺϵʳߵİԹ㡭ԼǱı¶ֻ¸Լģ֮֡ԼδȫɳҪɱԼ˵ǸɱСƵġ
Ȼ֪޼ҷֳɼϵ֪Բһ顭ڳ֮
ԣѵѡǡһءԼͷԼĹ򣬲κ˷֣ôﵽ֮ȫЩ˵ʱ˵ڶءֻزôʱ䡣ֻҪѡһõʱԼǱչָ峤峤⡰үүүǵϵôҲͷ
ô˵ԼڻŵĺáţҪ취Ū͵߲ϵйųɰȥĶŪأ
Щյͷ
ڵ޼ҵѵõĲ飬ֻҪ޼ҵˣͶʸСǾ֮еĲ飬Ҳֻһһģ糱ϫֻǰķ档
ڵ޼ҵĺ֮ˡռ޼ҽӽǧ£ѧؼԼǰѧҪ㡣ϫߣˣԼʮķΪ˷ֹ͸޼ңȡ޼ҵѧ
һ˵ѧ֮ѧ˵ȥˣ壬Ҳߵͷˡ
ݿյǣѾﵽ㣬ΪԼһɳϵıչأȴȥڵ¶ԼʵȴľƽƣǱ˸еĨɱ
ǣͻڼϾҪ㡣ûе㣬߲ķôأ
ѡҪ¶ʵҲõԼʵԱʱ˵ǲֻдﵽ߲֮󣬲ſԱǶԷѹۣӲҪĨɱԼԼһ˿ĻҲûУ
ڵԼҪǿͲһֱȥԴٸߵʣҲõġ٣ûа취ʲôķ
ͷ۰
ݿյҡͷһ̧ͷ⡣ɫһƽɫâӴ֮̽˽
ˣ棬ͷȻֱ£ȻֲĸоҲóȥߣ
µʱݵƣѾȫȻû˴󰭡
ţ´гƽ
һݵδʲô۾΢΢һ¡Ҳֻһ£ѸٵһԼͫף߶ʱһЩݻʶһ۾
Ӵⲻǵġү𣿡
ʱһԴ־ݲŤͷȥֻ߲Զĵ·֮ϣһЩñūͣĿԼ·ԼĳּΪһ㡣
˰ɣ˵үɻӲܹһȭȻֻ¶ѡİ

ΧūͶʱĹЦ
һ㶣漴ԺȴҲͻԼ⡰үǱͨū͸в
ݿһӣǻڵѾȥǸЦļһһȭˡֻǴԽ˵رǾµѧ֮ȴòԼҪСǶͿɱ˵ġνѧ֮˵ǿǿп޵Ķִ壬ǸҪСĲǡ
ˣ͵ǹڷƨɡ
ԼȻĿЩһһ֮תһ仰ҲûУ뿪ˡ
⡮үһȭӲɣ
⵹ǳЩū͵֮ˡ֪ǰġүȻҲûеλе泰˵ʲôҲҪԷһġ֮УЩūٶ˵һЩ˵Ļܽ屾ֱӸȥζԷ뿪ˣ
ߣСųļһүޣϲǷϲ񡭡
ūͲмһ˵ĺܴȴӶδͣһ£δһǰȥ
Щūͼ״Ҳ͸ԼЦһһҡһεɢȥϾԷǻǡүҲĶֱӶ֡
󻪹ȼΪɭϣ˾ˣūžūšҵҲֲū衣ֻݵݱȽ⣬޼۵ϵūŶΪᣬҲʹĵλԽԽ͡

绹ʵûʵȨû˰
·ϣεҡͷ21ͣᳫȨϡȻȼĲһֱţҲǰġ⣬ҪϴûȨˡ
磬ʵһУȨɷ֮ϵġʵղţԼȥֱӺúõĽѵЩһһٵĻԺ󿴵ԼǶԹԵƨҶһ
ʵʵžǴ˵е̰ɣ
Цҡҡͷ̧ͷ˿ܱߡ
޸֮оɫȴǲľ޼ļΪ룬·ͨ˴󷽡¥ܣɽ󣬴ݵأȱȽǡ
Щ¥ܣݲҰһ͡мйŷķ顣21ͣټһۡѾΪˣն𡭡
߿ţţƬ̣Ѿһˮ֮
峺ˮˮ֮һʯƳɵʯźŵףźЩŮϴ
ЩŮѾʮ꣬żж˷ģòҲǲҹάʵΪһƬסģ޼ҵū͡ò毺õŮ󶼱ȥ˵ϵڵĸͥԺ
үû湻ҵİ
ϴ·һ裬ݿЦҡͷлΪڵϵԺпľ󡣷ݱ߸ߴݻ˵еŮҲһò绨䲻˵ǸŮʤഺ껪ѣǿһܰ
ϴϴô˵ģ
ڴʱͻȻһĴżŭĺǳݵĶСݲ΢кĵͷȥֻھԶĵطһºñļūںǳʲôˡ࣬һԼʮ毺õŮӡŮӵü֮¶һӸ߰Ϣűǳ֮ˣü֮ǰһƬư뼥ڽ
ǵܣϴ·ĸǣ󲿷ֶżֻıЦĿϷΨٲֵĸ¶ֲ̡ȴǰӡ
ɣǣҽĹѾˡһҪؼҰҩܹܣŹɡ
һԴżƣ뺦µİȻȴһֻΪΪϤ


4 ң˵ҸҲң
ߣĹˣǱܹܵĺºñļūЦһĹҰŵġ˵ɲɣ˵δɣδɡʱֵ޶ƣ
ɣɡǸ˻ʲôȴܹܺĴϵλºЩƽϴһҪǰ̷С㣬ضЩϴҪ󲢲İǳˮ״ߣұ֪ҵֶΣ
˵ⷬҲȥǸˣתԴĵĶ毺õŮֺЦ⣿
šǡǻ֮жһ˿Ŀ´һ۱ǳĸˣĿ⵭Įưȴû˵
ǡүδûؼҰҩ⣬⡭
ǱǳĸٶȼķֱţϣԷԼĿԡ
Ȼ⸾˵Ļһ䣬ȴƵǡӿ˲ã⻰Ǻ⣿˵˻ǷϲүĽҪô˵ɫѾȫȥ
ʱﻹ֪Ǳǳ֮ˣĴ̣
һŭʱԺ顱ЦݽʧĳüͷĿ΢Ŀ˳С˫ȴ΢΢⣬ǡүǡү˵̿˵ҪĴڣҲ˵̣ǡүۣ
ۣ֮ֻݱȴ侲ڹ۲̬ķչûбҪĻֻܲǲֱȽϺáϾҪ̡
̵ɫǵͨ
ôܹԼһū͵ĸֵѣһʱƽ˾һյ̬ȣ֮֮ԭǲү鷳ȴ̬ȣȻЩ˵棡
ƽǸʲôһ̱Ҳ͹ȥˣүڴϣԼؼҰҩȣǾȻ˵Լ
үǶүⰡ޼ҵĵѪΪʲôΣΪС֮ʣʽҲͰˣȻҪĵί
㣬̫
ָܹǺŭ˳
ɫȴ˲䲪Ȼ䣬һ䣬һ˿ŭ⣺󵨣
䣬ƶʱ𣬾Ҫһȥ
ŮߵˣѰŮӣһʵҵѴﵽĲ׾ĳ̶ȣֻ֮һƬͨ죬к΢ԡһƴȥŲʵҲϼ¡۴޸֮ѾĿϸˡ
Ҫɱ
䣡
־ʱеŭҲ޷ѹˡֻкһ죬ݵ˫ͫʱһƬѪɫ
Ǻһƻ£һͳŭ֮ȴȻը죡
澣
һɱӴͽȻ˲׼һµĺ
ɫ˲䣬ϸǺˣ̵ƣȻһϢϮķȥһֻǳɫâƣȻ˽ǰ
䣡
ǿʱ͸˺塣õɫͽȻһף۵һѪΣ˦ɳʮ׵ľ룡
һ죬ݺݵˤ˵ϣֻľ֮ϣ̼䣬Ѿһ˪
ϫ̧ͷȥȻ֮˵ʱһ˫ۣͽȻ
УһˣЯһ˼µŭ⣬˵أ
ү
̵һӦʱŴͣŵĿˡͬʱΧܹڵˣڴʱعȻһͣʱ֮У͸¶һŵľ̬
Ȼô
ԼĪʮ䣬īİСݡˣ˶İΪ˿кպġϲү
Ȼղǿʲôֻһ˲֮䣬һ׾е˵Ĳ㣬пѾǼǿĸ֣ȴһ֮£ϲүʮ֮Զ⣬ôܣ˵ϲү޷ڹ𣿲˵
˶޷š
ȻˣȴǸûΧ˵ľ˫Ŀ֮ɢűĺ⣬һŵϵĺȥ
˵ϵĺؿѾһƬ죬ɫҪе׾ǻϵˮϵˡݵ㳱ϫȴǱǿ˲ֹݺŭ֣ﻹаأȫѪ·𶼱ǹɱ֮֮ϸİɫ˪ΡΡȴǸ޷
⻹Ϊ׾еĲ㣬ˮϵѾһЩֿ³ǻˣֻһȥѾ˱
㣬ʲôңµŮ㣬ɱң˾Բưոݵģ
޹̧ͷԽԽݣ̲ס̬ŵĴ˳
ң
ݵͷŻҵĺ¶âȺعһ̧͵£ֻá°͡һ죬ȹǣʱѣ
ȻŴͣ˫۶ʱɴ˼ޡȻͻľʹȴͣȴ˿
ң
ɫδ˿䶯̧ţ̤¡°͡һ죬ȴȹǣѣ
ң
̧ţ̤¡°͡죬ٶ
ң
°ͣ
ң
°ͣ
ң
ң
ң

˶סˣˮ֮ˮ֮УֻʣƽʻԼĹ֮СѾסԼͣĿǰԳ֮ΪпһĻһݵ񣬸ǽıˡһʼľģ˿־壡
ݵٶԽԽ죬ʻٶԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬Ѿȫ˻״̬һɹͬһѪĭ֮˳еĹȫݲȶϣһɭ׵Ĺļ֮д̳ѪȾ˵桭
ң
һţݺݵĲ˺֮ϣۡһ嶼һһŸ̤ĵһݣʱšʱѾ˿ʱһ
˵ҸҲң
ƽĵͷʡ

ˣһϵнпֶĴסˡݵıӰ־壬ǵ󡭡
ƽ̺֮Ĳпᣬ֮ŭı˴۶⡭
ݣĻعͷƽĿ⣬
үү
ͷƤ˲ըҲ˲͵ĹڵأݺݵĿͷӾҵĲ
ݾĿһ亹Զͷ֮䣬Ȼ䡭
㿴ãݲŻתͬЩ͵Ĵȥ


5 
֮£Ҳϣڳʮ֮κ֪
ݵȻƽ
κεķԷ
Ҳȥ˭й¶ȥ
ˡ

һȻվ˶ĸоһ磬֮ĺ磬˱䣡˹裡ݣһǰδеĿ־У˵ͷ
̣߰ɡ
һŵĴǰĵ˵ͷ
ݡү㡭ɵɵĿݣ˫֮УһƾӨ˸
̣ӽû˿۸㡣㱣ʮ꣬ڣֵұˡ
¶һЦݡ̵ᣬһЦ֮
ʮᣬʮ裬ʮίһ仰ʱеһз·ȫʧµģֻļ
߰ɡЦſ޵ͬһ˶һĴ̣ԭ·ȥ
ֱҲݵıӰŸ̧ͷʧĵطԣȻ̲סе˿־壡
֮ǰһۣ˶Էƽ֮£һӶɱ⡭ɣԼ΢ЩпܣҪǺĺ󳾣ŤͷһѾȫһ̯ĺ࣬ݺݵĳ鴤˼¡
ǰܹܴѪ޷֮֮˾˵ʵѣѵӵʣȻỹҪ𣿻֮Уʲô
۹˸ţ粻
ܹܡһô죿
һԼʮĸˣвſ־ģСѯ
ع˼ƽ¿־顣¶ĿһϢĺݺݵҹɽιǣ
ҲѹΪԵʣԼڹŹǰתһȦǵԼһϴ·ˣôǸɷͻȻ
˵꣬ĿĿΧĸˣҲ˵һ飬չү£һҲҪҶ¶ȥĻүѰǣҾͲǣ
ǣǡ
һɸˣʱǡ
Ͱƽ֮УĹҲѵõĺ˼ֳƽ崲ϣڴϣڴߣű졭
ӣӣء
ڴϣˮȴ˵ʲôҲֹˣֻһһĺšӡĸ֡һԵ̾һ⸾˵ȷǿ֮ˣΪүԭҲί˿еġϲү㷭ܲϲأίһӱŷַǶʱԵõġ
ùȻռ壬ȴҲǿĴ̴һЩϣ꣬Ȫ֪ĻҲܰϢˡ
̾˵
̣Ҳ̫ãϿ޿ǲСúЪϢһ°ɡ
¶һЦȰο
úӡúӡ
ӵţȴֹס£ãá
֮󣬴̵ĿŽͣڽʮѹֵй֮δ˥֮ҲǸֳһ˿
үһʵ£ȴܲԽСĵķ̡»˶㲻
޹֮󣬴ȴЩǿݡΪҴСŮټʮίʹ̶ԴеȨѾ˺ʶ
գʵڲӦóֵġϹͷ˱Ҳˡȴܱ¶ǱĻ֮̽ɳϢ㲻󣬺ԶүС㰡
࣬üͷ
ݲ̾һⴺκĳ㣬ǡү롭ֻЩĸףҲδԡү΢Ĺذһʱ䣬ݾȻЩĽүȻܾ˼࣬ߣһֱһذˡ
̣İɣԼġ
¶ЦݣĶԴ˵
ɡ죬ڿݵЦ֮ͻȻһ漴ɫкȻһ˿㱡
꣬ҲǾСЦİ
ȻУǰݣ·һӰӽںһ𡭡֡
̣̣
̵ģ̲ס
ŶţȻԼãҲͷˡ˰ɣȥ
̻عɫȴԴ˼ֻҡ֮һ˿Ȼ뱯
΢Ŀһۣһ˿ɻ󡭡ȴҲδʲô
ʱѾáù֮󣬴̲δݶ˵ʲôֻǶԼҪС£ͷͻȻһЩȻ£Ҷȥ
ô뿪֮Щɻ봺ͻȻ仯Եʡ˰޽֮󣬱Ҳͷˡ
ƽ崲֮ϣ˫Ŀϣӹһ˿˼
տʵʮˣ󲿷ֶֻ޼ҵŮ޸ʵϵ֮вᰲʲôУԼһţӦá
ֻǲ֪ǲϵߡԲ󣬱ϾλҲ㲻þأӦûʸȨȦϧǹƬĸܹ֮һһɱˣҲǲˡ
ݵףǺŮݲͣϾҲֻһŮѣɱ˱ҲɱˣҪ飬ȴҲܻĳֻΪݲͣҪȥʲôط˵ѯʻء˵ĸۡ˴ǲԶȴҲҪҲ㡣
ȴǲͬ˵֮ߵĺֻͲߣȴΪִһЩְȨǹϽڵһƬͷܹܱȻǻҪġʱֻҪʵЩˣһֻ֮ͨв˼ҪԼϳȥʱȴЩ鷳ˡ
ΪһܵڼʶԼʵ֮Ҳǻѡġ
ݺǡү֮ΣһΪ丸Եʡһ棬¾ʵ⡣룬ƣʱѾ˵ڰ˲㳱ϫʵĻĵλܻôֻѾ޼Ҿصˣ
Ͼ޼ҵס޼ūֻҪʵܷɻڴҪ˵ǵϵѪˡ
Ϊ޼ҵ²ļūҲǻǵѡ񡭡
棬ŬԼȾʣҿɲȫĵͶ뵽޼ҵȨƶ֮ȥ񲻰Ϲһ˴Խô
ҡͷһЦԺзҵ˼Ժһ֮󣬳ϫĹӦĶ
Ǻһս˵ʤȴҲǵõ˲ٵľ顭ҵʱƾӴһ˲ٱֻһȭȡˡС˵ж˵սõԹȻ顭飬ȻǺҪİ


6 
һУһŽǶһսľ顭һ浹սܵõľ黹ޡ൱Ķַһõս飬Žḻ
ֻǡһȭ˻ʹ֮ѪĸܹȻˬӰˡʲôƬЧʵʵĴĹ񫣿
ӹһ˿οЦݡ21͵ˣмûһӵıŰ˼룿ݱҵ֮󣬱Լڵس֮˻졣֮ʱ鵶ǳе¡ҲԸ񡭡ԽսǺȳ֮ʱɫδаֵĲ
ݲɱ֮ˣвˣȴҲ飡
ʱȻţݵҲȫҵ뷨Ҳȫֻ֮ϣٶȸֳһ˿ǳɫĹ⻪ת֮䣬ǳҫĿ

峿һ졣
ɫ⣬ڴ֮ϣ㶼Ϳһâ
޼ҵūǣҲѾ𴲣ʼһ
ףǲܹôʲô
Ͱƽ֮ǰһȺ׼ʼһ칤ūͣԴ־Ŀƽ֮ǰºñӡǹϽһƬĸܹ֮һ
ĪǷϲүճţʲô¶ˣܹˣ
֪֮ǷϲҪùˡ
٣ܹܿɲǣҪǷϲүһ仰⡭
ܹܡ
˵䣬ЩūѾߣһ
΢΢ƲͷǼ֮Įĵ˵ͷЩūжʱ΢΢һĲҶ˵ʲô첽뿪
޸ȼɭϣ͵ȵū͵Ƚϸ߼ܹܣǱΪŵȵġġϲү֮⣬Ҫϸֹ涨򣬵ȼȨȼߡ
޸ΣЩū֮УȴǾԵĴˡֻǵĮĿǼۣеﻹճϷˣݵ棿
浭ĮȻȴǼΪǺԼǰζԴԼǴ̵ġ㷭һҪԼôԼ֮⣬ûκ·ߡ
ݵΪ֮úõ˼һҲͨеĹؽڡҪأ
ϾҲǴ뱲Ӷ޸֮жȹģԵϵϵ֮Ҳ˿İֻһ룬ǺԼʵ˶ϲ֪֮Ӷɱ֮Ż¶ֶΣܴԭ塭
ͬʱҲף峤뼸λ϶ڱչ֮УִƼĴ峤Ǵүԡ
ʮϵĵϵߵļμһʵǴﵽ˺ʮ۷ĳ̶ȡ
ͣ޼Ҷ֪顣ֻΪԵҪϲ٣һμĶӣڣԶ˼
䣬ĵɱԡŵҹͬүүүʮү˺ȵף
Ҳĳǵ֪ʱĸ׸Ϊɲʱ򡭡λүʲô
ԣҪ¶ʵڡ٣ҲҪȼ뼸λϳأֳΪҲֻǸʱһıϣ
ˣһᡭֻҪԼʱԷ̶ȵİΪĸ
ףһĭǶģʤӴ˷ɻڴԼĺ˽ٴ͵ū𡣶ܡ
һĵȴ

Ͱƽ֮ڣڿƽ崲֮ϣ֮ϵǳɫâתݡ
ĳһ̣ݵɫͻȻ΢΢һֻáԡһ洫ԼϢʱٶȻ
εɫâ֮ƮݶΧ¶ȣʱȻ£
԰ٻѨ㼯ڣϽǾϢ֮СһһĴžԼ
ڣϢǿʮʱŻͣһʵΧ
ǰݵϢͬһֻССϡȻ֮ϢѾȫͬһڵСӣ
һ˫һĨâһӶ
۷ԲֻҪķϱͿͻơ
ݵһĨϲɫ
£ͻ㡭ƽÿһ㡭ʣݣûݵˡ
ԽڹȻĺ
ݺԼʡ
ֻǡ
ݵüͷ΢һ£¶һ˿
͵߲ķҿûС취Ūֲа
Ȼͻƣʱ꣬ʱҪ¶֮¡ʵȥɾЩ鷳ˡ
˼ΣֻοЦ
үĻ湻ҵġˣܻа취ġ
εţվӣһ塣
ǰݵӼΪ߲һְ࣬ݡ֮ͨѾﵽһߣ߳һءȥǼΪȴ֪ԼļԽĽʵΪȳơ
壬ɱڵϵҪǿĶĶˡ
뵽ʵϣڵʵǻصǾԾǳһĴڡͨˣһ֮£лġ֮ĶһƣҲ÷ȥ
³һŶ
ţ
һţͿüͷ΢壬Щڵȴŵ΢һȴӹһ˿Ц⡭
ү簲
ݵͻȻʱһȻϹһе˵
ԭܹܡʲô˵ɡ
˼һ󣬿һżɻĿߵūͣһЦת߽
ͷһһҧĴϢ˼ݵ󣬲˳ֽŸˡ
죬ȴҲ˲ū͵Уһжƴ
ܹϲүΪ°ΪҼǷϲүܹӣ
Ϲ˰ɣܹܿǡĸ֣ǷϲүȻһүͷܹܶȴ붼ˡ
ǡ
ˣҪϹˡܹʲô£Ҵȵأֻܹ֪Ĺֵ÷Ϻüˡ¶˵߰߰ɣĲɻȥء
ūǲ²ⴧȣȴҲֻǲ²ⴧȣȻɻ󣬵ϾǲûжĸϵʱѾɢȥ
ڡ
˴ϣб۾ЦЦ´վڵ޴ȴǲ˵
ǽż¡ԼǰΪԼӵеҪĨɱԼ練ơһʱͷ̿Ѱ
ƺЩ̣΢΢ʱͷѾȻ
֪ܹܽյˣΪ£
Ȼ˽֡


7 ϫ㣬߲
ͷʱ΢΢һµӸͣүǼ澺ѱС˶ɽ
ŶüĿ΢΢һ漴ȴҡͷһЦĿƺɨ˱ҲͶˡңȴǺԵʣ
̧ͷЦͻȴͷ΢⸱ģѵѾϵԼᴦǺѾ뵽ԼձȻ
뵽ͷƤһ顭ֻһʮˣĻ˹
ɲȴǿСǻ΢΢ȴȻһԡ
Ƭ֮͵һҧڵأСүġСϹ˹ۣԲסү֮£ڲոүԭ£ӽүϵɽ»𺣣СĪҴӣ
һȫʱѾǱˡ
NNNݵָûŴأ졣۾ȴǵĮĿͷ̧ͷݡŵӣʱƶ΢΢
N
һN£Ƭ̵ĳĬ֮ݵĮ
ɡ
⡭ǣ
ͷԺ΢΢һת֮һҧӦվһֱ΢΢ţ̧ͷݡ
ЦЦıѾʧµһĮȻĿһۣʹ͵һĿ
㱾
ݵĵһ仰ʹѪɫʡҧأŲڵءеĻ̿ȴԽ
㻹ұ͸һᡭ
ݵĮļ˵Ҫ˵ȴûҿڣֻݼ˵ȥ
ǣᣬֻһΣǴˣ֪ʲôʲôʲô˵ʲô˵
һۣĿȻƽ˲ģ˵˲˵ġôүȻѡ
亹һ৶£ֽ̿ԵǣүģӽĵĹԲ£˵˵ĻΥԸħ֮ʹ
ƽĵ˵ͷϣõ
˵΢΢һ£ŵȻȻ汾ү£үҲܿ㡭ֻҪģպбһڳԵģһڳԵġ
ݺĿ˿ͷ֧ƱС˵֮˵ĵҪʩһЩȴԶԶ̸ϡϾڵʵطеĵλҲȻޱȡ롰Ҳû취ֻÿ˿ͷ֧Ʊ
ȴǼΪã¶˷ܵĹâٶȹ·ݵлү
ǷݵʵټֳţӵδԲֻһ޼ҵķϲүԼΪĵһĸɻڴ֮գǰ
ݵ˵ͷȴͻȻ¶ЦݣˣԺǰͲ˾˵ʲô˵ʲôʲôʲôֻҪġ
ļ΢жݵ۸һ̨ס֮ʱ˵Ȼչ΢Цʱȴ˴ĵһ׽ĵֶΣֻǻʮϺҲûȻ
һֱǷϲҲͰˡֻҪʱɳձȻǳ֮
ǣлү
վһԡ
Ц˳âһӶŻұһŸ㡭֪
ͷһ֪Ϸˡæ˵үɽ𺣣ĪҲӣ
ݺǺЦ˳ֵôţǲϵɽ𺣵ġ
˵΢΢һ٣ŵҪϫ㣬߲й㣬ܰ쵽ô
ʱһ𣬰Լ֮ǰĲ²ȻûѾǴﵽ˵ˡ
޼ҵϵĹԶڵڵɭȻǡڵ֮˲ڣҪȡķ̸ף
Ȼʵ˵Ҳ򵥡ֻҪߵڵȻԼΪϾͿԽСԷĿģΪ˵ȴõʱ
һ֮һҧ˵֮ڣС˱ؽ߲㳱ϫүǰ
ףݶĿ顣ݵĵһҲ޷ɵĻҪкã
âһӶ¶Цݡ
áǺǣû¶ȥɡ
ǣС˸ˣ
һ˳˷䡭
ֱ˳˷֮һ΢ϮŸеԼıѾȫʪ͸ˡ
ǣȴ¶һ˿˷ܣȭͷ
ɹˣԼɹĳΪĵһ¡ȻĸһλѾ㹻˵һЩ飡үǳ֮ֻҪԼ㹻ģ¶׵ƯƯġɻڴٻ󣬱ǰ
һѹͷ˷ܣ뿪ƽүĵһ񣬿ɲʧˡ
ƽ֮УݵǴһƲЦĿĿŴ⡭˯ʱ򣬱ͷԼΪ㣬߲ķͷۣԼˡ
ȻֻһССܣڼ֮УĶͷ˾ҲΪɵģ˵ͷӦЩϵġ߲ķزŪְɣ
չһЦ⡭ɫʺɹɹ̫

޼ң춼֮һǧ֮꣬޳ߡ
޼ҵıңռ֮춼֮УҲһġ
ټĸۡ㱻ֳɸ򡣶⸮ۡ򣬱޼ҵϵĵˡ
û˳ȾɹƥУ·ľ޼룬ͥԺţ¥ˮ¥󣬸˷ŮŮ֯˵˼ɾ
Ƭ֮С
߲㳱ϫķ
󡱣һ¥֮ڡºñüͷ΢Դɻ
ǡҲҪСæ
һæӵ֮ǰȡǳϫ߲ķ
Ҳ㡭ֻҼǵеĹǽϵġɣҪǳϫкô
ͼΪͣĹܼĸһɫŨüۣĿ׳Ƴ񡭡ʶ֮ڴˣȻһ۾ͿеĹԣڡϵĹҪȴŨü΢壬¶ɻ
⡭΢΢ɣһҧʵҲ֪Сбֶף޼֮ˣеĹȴǳϫʮأɣǰЩʱͻ˵㡭ȱ˺ʵֹǰ˴ѰҶҲҪ취֮£ϺġǧǧҪСæ
˵ٶȳ
ʹһȴЩɡ


8 ķ
ʵ޼ҵūǣ󶼸ŸԵıңֻ޼֮ŻΪޡУٵ˶Ὣ֮оõй¼ȥϰ
޼춼֮һǧ࡭Ĵ֮ղصѧȻ֮֮ͨͨѧҪľĶ࡭ЩѧЩū͵ıңҲܻԼҵĵλ
޼Ҹ߲Ҳ֪ġֻعȻǲȴԶǲȫģǱ˳¼ȥҲ޷ö֮Ҳһֻ۱һֻˡ
ڵȴǽȻͬ޵ģ޼ǧõؼ˵޼ΪҪĶҲǼΪҪ͵͵ժ¼ץסĻֱӵɲġ
ԣе˿δɡֻǱϵ֮Ҳһ٣޸ԷȻô˵ԵûƭĿܡ
ȴòԥֻǶ·ֻݣҲֻбȱеķݶɡ
Թɫʱ˶Էй˼ɣæ˵ġǱҷ춼ڣķ֣ʱͻֶԶԶȥƲκ⡭һ⣬СҲһԵǣ˴硭
˵ţǰ˫ס˶Է֡
üͷ΢΢һͷһֻۡУѾһŻƲӲӵĿʱһ
ǾҸµġԴ߾ٶȣɳ֮áС޶ۣҲװ˷˶ѡ˶СΪⵤҩıġڴ˹ףΪһ¥
һ˿ʹϱεһֿ˵
ǿ຺оâ΢¶һ˿̰΢˼һֻΪһöðȫֵõģֻǵ߲ѡڰ˲ϵؼ֮أԼҪκ˵õĹҲѡ
ţ˾·ЦݣеĵҩվΡ
㸸ȣֻζҵĹϣ㱾󡭡˵ãҲֻðһˡֻǱ嵱յľ֮Ը㱾ҴӴ˲ƣɡڴԺȥȥ
лл磬նݣС£
ϲлȴǻ˻֣ת߳¥󡭡
¥ֻ֮ʣһ֮³һ˼ϲɫ
˵˷һöľδйүһƬΡ
лϲȻף°֮ԼеĵλԵҪ࡭һöȻ󣬵ԼʲɫҲûжáó顭
δ춼Ǵ󻪹һֵĸɣԺյݵλ֮ȣһöʲô
ҪرҪǧŲ
ĵ¥֮еȴԼĪһʱ֮¥֮ٶȴ򿪣æվΣſڡ
УֻɫԴŵĻͷ̽⿴˼ۣŽŸϣ
硭оâһӭȥ
Ҳ
ӳ³һѿ쳶һЦݣӻȡһɫӡϲɫȻŵһ飬õһžȴֻǷ飬Ҳֵˡ
ʱһϲˣ
ӵ˵ͷæ˹ȥһӼֽ£кɫīδɺԣˮϫķ˸С֣ҳϷС֡һֵмֿͷԾ
ҳϫ߲ķ˸С֣ٶӡ
Ȼǳϫ߲ķ
ϲɫҲ޷Σ
δйֵСֵֻܣҪС£ɰ¶
Ӽϲɫ̲סһ䡣
æӣݸмĵСܼˡлᣬСͷңķ豾֮ˣȼ̣뿪춼
ţʱҪϾֵʹ
ǣ
룡
˫һ뿪¥
ûʴ֮ϣȴмڴԼ֮ǰ˵֮ڲܵõ񲻹ձѾ֡ǰôʱү飬үеĵλҲ˼ӷֲٰɣ
뵽֮Ц
޼Ҹۡݺֻ֮ʮ·֮ϣʱŭ꣬ŮУūͣŮԶҪõһߣ
Щˣ޼ҵϵүСǡ
޼ĵλߡͼмū;Բ˿ð֮һٱġƢ֮ˣֶϽţ͵Ҳǳ֮¡
Ǵ󻪹ȼɭϣԽִūɱȨҪҪūʹ֮ɿһߡ
˵һܣʵҲһСū͵ͷͨūȫ޶һ·ȥС˿Խÿÿ˵һߣ񡭡ֻ͵͵̧ۿĿбӣʱвŻһ˿ȡ
ȨƣִƱȨƣͳǵĮȻһ죬ȻҲҪִӴȨơһ
ס˻ǲɫСӡ֪ԼδС֮ˡ

үҲ
żּı飬˫ֳǱɫıӵʱҲЩ⡣
ô͵ˣˡ
ü˹ȥ߿˵
¶һ˿˷ܣϽ˵Ϊү£˿࣡
΢΢̧ۿһЩȴǳһ˿Цݡֻ˵ͷû˵
µķһ£ݱʱȷȷǳϫ߲Ĺˡ
㵽ˡϵЦ¶˳
һֱ۲ɫҲһҲ˼ϲɫӣүǺܿĵġ
°Ĳټˡ
̧ͷ¶Цݶ˵ܶС˵ȻʵдδӹλȴҲסӸλߣȻҪη壬ԷйʱҲҪߵĿ佱䡭Լ㣬Ҳֻڿͷ佱䣬ܺġ
ҲšصģԼǱԼûа취ʲôʵԵĽҲνġҪģǸһΡ
Ȼϣһ仰ʱ鼤Ĺڵأֻүһӣүţ޶


9 ϫ߲㣡
ˣ֪ˡԺɲ˶͹µġ
Цŵ˵ͷ
ǣһĲӦǣվ͵ۿȥϹ崺ЦݡʱҲ֪һֱڣԼȽϿɵˡ
Ȼ˵ĸһξ룬ЧȴѾǳĿˡ
ˣŴԵ㽫еĻƶȡˣô
ͻȻʲôѯʵ
΢΢һæ˵ǵġ̹үĴ̣Щ˻ƣȴʵǲʡСֻȨޣȴҲֻܰСæˡ˵ţԵЩ˼
̵ݵƺǽС̴ǰǸ桰үĸһ޹Ůүĸ׹һֱչšүүСͽ̡ö֮û֪ˡ
¿һۣľ⡭ݶ̵̫Էڱǡ̡ɼ˵ȷǻ˲˼̽Ϣ
Ļ赭дԼǰԼһģȴֲԾӹȷǸ֮ˡ
Цŵ˵ͷû˵ľ񣬶ʱһδʲôõı飬΢ġ
ˣûʲôҲȥɡʱ㻹ܡȻ˴ȨĻԶѱһЩһĴǲ쵽˴ǼܵˣֻҪʲô֦ڣǷˡԺ£Լȥġ
ͻȻ˻˵
ǣСˡС˸ˡ
΢΢һݣ˼ת֮£ʱһ漴ȴǶݸ壡
ү͸νһЩһĴǡָĿ¾ںܾǰͱڴ˴ү˰ɣϾĶӡΣֻ˶֪һݼ̳ʣ¾úܶ˯þˡ
ԼżһλЩ˵ľߵˣ¾Ҫǵľ衣˶ǣүʵԼˡ
ҲھԲүչ¶ԼǱʱӭľԲǼӣǻԵĴ
ӱ̹£Ҳϸһ£ɲС¶¶˺ۼ
˳ƽȴڰš

ʱۣˮ̼䣬Ҳʹָ֮ˡµʱ䣬һζ＾ѹȻ
춼Ȼش󻪹ϲΪ󻪹½ԣȴƫĹң񶬼֮лƮ˶ëѩ׷ţƮƮɷǺÿ
֪䣬Ѿ˰
ͬѧдſƮƮѩ³һڰϣҲѾһɫװ
ȻΪУȻͻƣﵽ˵߲㣬Ҳ߲ڶѡ֪ǵڰ˲㣬ھŲ㣬ʮ㡭Ҫ޵£Ҫͻ֮ﵽ֮Ҫʱ䣿
Щ̰Ĳ̾Ϣгϫʱ̾Ϣֻº޲ܽ쵰ܽͷ֮ˡ
˼гϫʮص£Ҳһе㡣Ҫﵽ߲㣬ʲģҲҪʮԺ󡭡쵰ֻ˰ʱ䣬ʹ޵ее˵߲㡭Ȼ̰Ĳ㣬һĺšСԼʲôֻ쵰ɱƽߣ
ѧȻ桭߲ĳϫѾȫϺȺұǳӣҲо˿ĺ䡣һҲﵽ˷˼ĵزһȭȥ²ϢҲڵϴһĶȭͷһƤⶼơҪڵϣֻεʱİɣ
ͻȻЩ̵ͷԼ˫֡һˬԲ㺮ϢӱΧȫǳϫϢľˡ
ˮϵĹʹһɱʣΪ칦֮еĶ⹦⳱ϫ֮еıʣ֮ͨĹȫ֣õһ˶ߵˮͰ֮еķˮ̼仯һͰǺεһ
Ѿˣ֪ǵڰ˲㣬ھŲ㣬ʮ㣬ʮ֮ν֮һЩֶΣһС˵Ļ쵱ԶԶ۷ô֮ʲôأϧүûʸӴЩ档֪ģҲֻ޼Щڱչ֮еϹ˰ɣ
ЩϧšȾʵ磬ͻûĽӴ
ŬɣոͻƵ߲㣬ҪúõСһµʱ䣬ʼǸʱе޼ѵϵӵܶ㼯һãЩϹ֣չϼʱֻھһ¶ԼʵͿɽ뵽ڵ֮ȥˡʱȻѱ˻ᰵжʲôֽţֻҪСķ߲ʵӦԱˡ
ݰš
õ޼ҵԴٶӦǻġͻ˺֮ﵽ졭ȡʵʱˡùúÿŰɣǰ㣬ļһһŹġû˺֮ԺǾȥúõĿһ־ʰɡ
ٶ³һڰӿ˼ڴɫ֮ǿߣ޼ҲûмġֻҪԼﵽ̶ֳȣЩڱˣСˣʱͻᰲȥԼʰһЩǰŵļһɱӺû˻ˡǸʱ򣬴̼޸Ҳ꣬˿ίԼҲҪչԼڴѾõĴ½̽ˡ½ȵҪĶ࣬ϣ֮꣬ܽȫһ⣬ǲ˴Խһа
үү
YYʱ򣬴̵ȴ
ݻعͷ̴ֻһѩ˽


10 
Ĵ֮ǰɫȴҪÿĶˡԭͷҲʱƣݣҲǶ˼ֺ
˴ݵͦмġҪ˵ҲȷǴˡԼֻԼӵ㲦һҲ֪ôȥˡ
ԼΧٲһЩĵڼӣǴ£ֻ˵ĻɡϾĴ̿Ǵ絽ҪһֱæµģûаϢʱġͻȻôУ˶ỳɡ봺̹ϵһеݣֻ²ʱҪɵͷ
ܴ˵ռʶݷ쭵Щʮˣ˴̵ߡÿһʱ䣬ҪһȻֵڶū͵棬֮صĻơЩȴȫ̯ʮˡ
һ˵Ļƣٶأ̯ʮϵʱҲͲʲôˡЩ˼ʶݵᣬĻȻǲ˿Υ˲ΡΡĽ֮⣬û·ߡ
֪Ϊ˱ݶȨ֮ߣвϵĵ˵ЩػʵǽҪһ˶ɣֻҪܱݣҲǾްԹԣֻΪУѾΪȥΨһ
ĳϦദҲϰ˴̵ĳذǷԭڵġүĽ֮飬Ҳʱ֮£ȻӰ쵽ݡ
ݴԽȻΪүļ䣬粢İ˵ʶԣطǱİġΪ̵Ĵڣȴעһů
ڵһͨĴѧ궬ȫı֡ļˣҲı֮УΪһĳִ򻬣Ӵ
ҲΪʧȥ˵ʹ࣬ڴĸ߿֮УʧֻܽһѧججĻҵ֮ûжȥѰʲô
ɹû˷ʧû˷˻Ե֮⣬ʲô壿
ҲΪôʧȥ˵ŵݵԸЩĮ򣬻߶֮ǰԸʵ˵ʲôҲ̵ĽУȻŶԷԼ֮ӦֵŪʲôλԦ¡ֶζԸġ
磬õһݹذȻǱڱ˵ġȴ˽šȻ֮кܴԭСүǷݱԴ̺صµУҲӰ
̣ʲôô
ѾȫϰƺҲȻȻ¶Цݡ
Ȼȴ̾һ¶˸ү˽ʲôô
΢΢һʱԺȴǸֳһЩϢȴõ΢΢һ㶡
ĸסգ
˵ͷЩˣǰСүļաȥһǰɡ
ݳĬȻĵ˵ͷ
ʵǴԽݣ֮ǰġݡԼǸĸףûжӡġֻΪǡݡµʱͱ޼ԼμҵĸΧˣ涼ûмĸףҲ˶һʱ䣬ȥ
ҪǴÿ궼Ҫǣ¡ݡѾˡ
ëѩ׷ƮãһƬɷǺÿݸڴ̵󣬱ǳǺɽȥ
޸λã춼ĽռΪɽҲƽʡɽʮɽ
ʮɽƽʡʢɽڴ󻪹ҲǼֻΪ֮ħ
Ȼʮɽ޸ĺɽкܳľ룬֮֮лһ콧ϵϡפŰ춼ٷԼԼɻɢ޵ĺܶǿߡˣɽ֮е̫ܳħ
ĿȥдеľԶȾһƬסװع֮Уż¶һ˿⣬ȴԵȻΡ
һһǳݷŴԼĪһСʱ֮һССɽͷɽ֮ϣһСݵ֮С
С㣬ү̴̴ˡ
һС̵΢΢һ̲ס˵䣬ˮģ˫Ҳֹסȥ
һԿУȴ̾һаⴺ̶ӵҲĹˡǵԸԼޣҲҪǵĶӸˡô֮£Ȼ벻ݶ飬ֻø춯ݣҲ˿Ϊ
үүСͷ
һа֮̾ʣѾС֮ǰ
΢΢һ£ȻӦһ˹ȥ
Լ壬ô˵Ҳµģ˵ǶҲΪΪ󣬿ļͷҲ㲻ʲô
ţȴǹĹ˷ǰӹ̵ݹ㣬ˡľͿͷ˷ǰ
ᱻΧյ䵽ѪԨ֮Уһʬ޴档أʵȴġ¹ڣֻ⡰¹ڣϲδĹֻ֡Ϊ޼ҵˣΪһ¹ڣǸ⿪дʲô֣
үС㡭ɺã̴Щˡֻүδ󣬱̴ٴźǣȴվδгС
ݿͷվȴǹ˵ϣ㱵ˮ˳յ¡
֪ôүǳˡǳ˰ǿţҲҪЦĺϲ£̴δйǶԱ̴
룬ĿնĿûֵķĹϵˮĸǼȻ䣬յһĻĻǰ


11 
ӽǱұ̼֮ˡ̼Ǵ壬оԶԼ³̡
ѩƮɣټͥԺ֮УĹܼվȺ֮ǰ˵š

ǱƽŮ̴ǰɣţģǹɡӽԺСŮˡСĵźţĺô
ʮСŮĿǰˣɵĵ˵ͷ漴Źܼ뿪֮ǰưס

澣Ů̴С㡭
ǰЦ绨Űɫ£ɫ԰׵ѩһ͸ŮԺԼ𣿱̴͵͵Ŀţ۾дżã
̴áðɣҽѾʮء
ɫѩ͸ŮܵĸǰϸСס˱̴Ѿ˴ּС֣Ц۾ϵ̴ʱ΢΢һŮЦݣӡԺ֮УҲ޷

ʱˮһĴСŮԱŮ
ѩһŮȻϲŰɫ

ү춼޼ʢүүأСϴǰɽɽȴħǱүµģӴ˳ɾһԵ
ߵ˷׷ۣѩһŮ֮ϸֳһ˿ҸĺΡͬŮȴһ˿Ȼݼš

ѩһŮһϮ£˴ɫϲۡ֬촽һȲ԰͸ݣҲǴЩѪɫʱ̡
ÿ𣿡
ŮǰתһȦѩ֮飬ϵЦݣҸۡ
ȴǿ¶һ˿Цݣͷһ˿ȻȴǴһӶ

ˣŸͷ۵ȻӢΰõȫµĹâԼϡĿ飬Ӣ֮ϴһ˿º͵ЦݣעһϮ۵Ľһ̣֪ԼĶġû˻⵽ȻӣԽȻ

޼ң춼ҡᣬ޼ҫ۵š
ħཻǲܣ֪ħһֳӣۿЩħһһնɱ飡ôܻħཻһıı
ج֮ʣѩһŮҸĸս¡ĸ̫ͻȻϵѪɫ̼ˣ±˶ǰǸɫ԰ף͸ѩ֮顭ͬҲҡҡ׹֪ѩԵ£У

֮վǵˣ֮ϵɫ͸ķ·ʱɢȥҸЦѾڣıŸոճӨ׷׹ء

ˣجĴ֮һҲͬѩ֮һ΢ЦŵҲȻΡԴᣬÿÿգĴߣսݵ
Ӧңݶ󡭡󡭡
һֶ̣šᣬݺݵĵͷȴһ仰Ҳ˵
ɫȻ֮𽥷һ˿ãĹâ磬㡭㡭

ӣ޼ҵˣҴһᣬѩ飬һ¹ڣᣬǰȻܿӢΰΣźĴЦѪһȻ֮衭
ֻǵһɫٻӰһֻ䣬һ˫ܰĿ⡭

С㣬̴Һ㣬㣡ء
յѩԽĴƮƮ̿޵ĵͬһĺӣ˺ѷΡ
վһԵݣҲǲĵһ˿̾ϢҪһУöԷ˵ٴҪźǡĻһУ֧ű̴һ޸֮Ůӣ벻Ľ޼Ҷġϲүˣеί˵˭
̴红ͯһʧʹţÿҲֻʱܾķйԼͷίʮۻֻҪƷˡ
̣ȥɡǿ⸱ģֻҲҪˡô
ãĿȰ˴̡
ءүС㡭̴ǡǡ
˵ƺѾȫ˵ϣʹޣݵĻ״ûӦǰӢΰЦݣ
̾һĴָ˴̵ĺ󾱡һ̶ʱ΢΢һϢ˹ȥ
̣ԲˡĴ䣬ɲǺ¡ĵ˯һɡ
̾ȻֿһǸڷѩеСҡҡͷСӣ·ȥ
ѩУԣĴЦȻ赸ƺš
Ȼ䣬һɫٻӰЦݣǵ󡭡

߱ڹŨëķҲԽܼɽװ֮ɫ꣬Ҳǵ֮У橶
׵ѩأҫĿ
գ޸֮ȴһƬ־
޸ټһ㳡֮ϣͷ֮ڶ
ڹ㳡Եû֮ϣһЩūŮҲǺĳÿÿиͷ֮ʱϸϸʱ
ÿȻֵʱ򰡡޼ܳΪ춼ǿļ壬Ȼûеİ㿴ЩּҵүǣһԶЩü֮ܺȣ
ҿСӣǿʼ˰ɣЩȻǷּҵģȴҲүءῴЩŮѰɡ
ŷء˼Ҳֻѣܱĳּүϡ²˵ȥֻּ̣ǵ檣ҲҪǿܶɡ
Ȼ޼ҷּҡ춼ĿɾǱҡڷּҵһ檣ȻҪڱҵһŮǿĶˡ٣źˡ
Ůţ͵ۿһŭǣ¶ĽĹЩŻӺݴ󷽵С֮ʱ¶ĹͱĽ㽡ֻЩײŮУѾԼЩ̬ǧСеһλ˰ɣYYֻǴѡ
ȻǺء
û֮ϣһ꣬ŮȻδ㳡֮ϣѾܵˡ
һ磬̱ѾͣݵȻ֪ݹڡ顣
ݵԺȻСүļ䣬ЩϾԼģֻĻ룬ĳʾ£ŻֵĳҲǵϣ֪ڡ¡
ӡүļ֮Уݵ֪⡰޼˵ҲǷǳҪӡһ죬ֻҪ޼մ״ʵļ壬󶼻μ޼ҵҲἫΪ֡
ͨһµУݵĵ߲㳱ϫȻûе۷ĳ̶ȣȴҲ˶ԶˡȴҲĵĽȻֿԿȻûоܾˡ


12 ˣо
һ·û֮Ѿɽ˺ò֡㹻ʮƥеĵ·ҲԵΪӵ֮ҲǷٶȡ
ЩּҵүС㣬ǲȱҵĵϵǱϾǷּңԱľʹһ־ηŵˣҲҪƽصİ裬ҲԽԵƽ׽ˡȻƽ׽ˣҲȱҵϵԡΣҲǲܻЩūʹһƬġǷּңҲүǰҲ޼ҵĵϵ
ʵġϵүȴЩּүͷҲǸϲϡ˼ҲŻƲǵүȴһϮɫװһ˫ɫƽײЬôôᡭ
εǣһոµ͵͵ġɴ˿޸ĵλѾ͵һʲô̶ȡ
үĹȻ
ӡȻʵҲûнϡϾ21͵ĵЩ·Щ붼󲻳ǸʲôģΪźʲôӣҲʵ̫Խڵˡ
ÿ
ΣͻȻһȡţһٵ֮ݶʱüŤͷȥ
ֻūҵÿ˵·ڲԶƥٵıж
׵һԼ˫ʮ꣬һòʡֻü֮һɸư֮ɫȴʹ˴ĵᡭֻư˫ּٵĻеĳޣžžѿ죬ͷƤһ顭룬һҪǳϣǱȻһѪۣ
˵żƥԶŻ֮Ǳ˷ܵĸ󣬿ǰֻʶܵūһЩķּүС㣬͸һɲһ˷ܡղÿǳǼĿС
޺Եӡ
˫ʮ꣬Ժ֮жʱ͸ֳһϢŰģвǰ޺Ρõݵ۾ʱ΢΢
˵ٶȼ죬ʱѾݵߡĿڶûע֮µݡ
ݵͻȻ¶һ˿ľ߶ȤζЦݣ˸ĿЩͷ
յϢɡ
ЦݽȴͻȻ΢΢һ壬һʱݽµĵ档ǡϸ΢֮У̼䣬ѸΪԲӶ̼䣬Ѿӵ޺¿㡭
أ˻
һŭ˻Ȼ˴Ŀ֮У޺¿ͻȻһűëƤĺ͵һǰΣƥ·Ҫֱӵһ㣡֮ʱĴΧ֮˿ѿڶ

޺ͻ仯ɫʱ΢΢һ䣬üͷһšӦȴʮѸ٣˫һż֮һ㣬ζʱ˳͵֮Ʈɶ
޺Ӧ٣ӹһ١ǼͬٱŵˣȴûˡһɫȻ䣬ӦҲ㶼ҪȴѾˡ
ֻƥͬʱ޺Ѿ˵֮ϣʧǰ㣬һʱҾ֮𡭡
һ˵ܳʵϱҲһϢ֮顣Χʱҳһš
޺Уõģжʱ΢ңҺԼķӦĿ죬ҲˣҪЩּӵǰĶһӣǿɾѿˡ
޺ңȴǲδ롣Ǻ֮죬򻬣Ҳ֮¡
ƮȻ׼ء
Ȼ˭Ҳûע⵽ǰԶһע꣬ǵĶȤζȴһЩ
ĿǸȡϢ㣬ɾûԤڵЧ˰
΢²ٶ΢΢һ壬ǡ֮ٶ𣬱̼ٶΪԲӶ
ݵĳϫѾе˵߲㣡Ϣ񣬶ˡһ˶ߵľͰķˮҲݵȫ֮£һϢ֮䣬һͰı񡭡֪
ǡ޺еҲŵĻܸӦĵݵϢ
ֻҪϢ壬ݲδʲôԻֻܽŵϵİѩΪý飬΢Ŀһ·ΪԲģñӳȥ
ֻԸ޺ǹˣ
Ǳδκ˵ע⣬̼ӵ޺ŵ֮¡ͬʱ޺ΣȻ
ţ
ƮȻ޺ɫһ䣬֮󣬶ٸн¶ʱһ൹¡Ӧ죬͵һҧһתȻ֮ת˳ĹȻǺƳһԶľ룬Ҫɵļ֮ء
۾΢һٺٸЦһ£ٶһ㣬֮ȻϮٶӣ
޺ʵҲףӦٶҲĿ졣Ͼȫʧ£뵽֮תȻת֮ƶѾǼΪܿɹˡ뿪ļĿѾȫƿءܲȵ棬˽֮㣬ȻܹסģվȵġκΡ
κݵ֮ܳıסĵǰһϢִ

޺Ӻݺݵˤ˵֮ϣƵ죬˳Źԣ㻮ȥ׵ľ룬϶ʱմѩˮһۣʱһƬǽ壡
޺ɫʱɫ
ݣǵЦȴǽ
ùϢ֮Ķʱɡ
ЦţתȻԵõ˫ֱźԣȥ޺ŭµĺ֮ʣ·λѩūͣҪǨŭˡ
޸ΧݵٶҲ졣˽ӽСʱʱ䣬ԶԶģſеĹ㳡ʱЩղűһѵ޺ˣѾһŭĳֻһǱѾû֮ǰֲһ档޺ɫһһһġƱɫ
СĲеģݰȴЦ˶ӡ
ѹִҶϲˡо
Ц
㳡֮кѹѹһƬѾ˲ٵˡ볡֮һЩūͺڵءÿμ֮˵Ƕʱ򣬱㶼ᷭȻū͹ĵһСӣȻóһСӣ֮ϣǣ㳡֮ˣӣͿǹ㳡֮С
ϵǱŰɣ޼ҵײǴ壬ֹģֻѾǧ˰ɣûеԵ֮УȻܽһдľɶҡûжۻľ飬ȴǲġǧҵĵ̣ǷͬѰ
һĻ΢΢üȻĿȴͶ˹㳡֮С
㳡֮ɽ˺ҲǺΪ㳡ֻѾôˣҲ׾١ȻѾ˲٣Ҳֻһ߼ĸͷطʵԶԶƲʲôȺȻȺǰΡĵطһֱĸ̨ȴӳС


13 ۣ
̨ߣʮɣͨڣζϣһֱ֮£һɰɣϢԸ̨֮ϣأ
ͨүļ䵹Ǽ̨ȻʱͨԼ۾𺳵ĸоȴԽ㿴֮󣬳ųһ¶Ĺâ
þǼ̨˰ɣϤ̨ĸ߶һףһһʯɡȻ̫Ĳ˼顣ֹֻ̣·ڵϣҲɵİɣ
ϵĽߴҲȻǰ̨ͨһ鳬׵ĴʯΪϣĽȴδгֹ
ԿΪ·硣ƼûмҲ˵̨пܾƾĳ˵˴˴ġǵҪУ
ʯ󱾾ͼΪأһߵʯֻҪڼǧôһ飬ֻѾǳǧ˰ɣһ
̧ͷǼ̨ȴǸְ̾һָֻһְ֣ѹˡ֡
ݳĺһĿ˸ĿǼ̨񼤵
ݽ˹㳡޼ҵĵϵ˵٣ǧ˵ϵ֮Уϵǲʮ˵Ķ飬ҲԵ΢ˡݵҲûдȥϵĶ֮ȥ
ϾǡϲүĶӣڵϵ֮ҲǼΪܴһ֮⣬һҪҪΪ֡䲻ǷУȥ䳰ȷݵҲûôġ
һλãݱͰĵĵȴΧԶϵӣȻĴͶĿ⣬ϾǱңϵӵҲò𼸷ְ֮ɫֻǰվĶǵҲûĵǡ
ʱ˵֮УŶȥȻƮѩȻв⣬ҫҫŰѩԵüΪԼĪ֮ʣ㳡Ե֮һ󶯾˵ĿⶼǱ߿ȥ
ֻһˣԹ㳡֮һֱͨϯ̨ĵ·֮ϣ
Ǽ볤ǣ
߶ʱ˵һʱ
ҲΪĿȥ
һۣͿ˵׵һˡ
һߡһϮɫۣ뷢԰סȻȻͦζ࣬һͷʨֻԶԶȥһ֮ܣÿˣҲҶһ£
ˣ޼һļʨۣ
Ǳүүô
΢΢һüͷҲΪ𾪶Էʵ
ĳϫѾе˵߲ڣԲҲ֮һ۱ͿԿʵߵ͡ΧˣЩģԼĪ㣬Ĺ⾰ȴǺ١󲿷ǵĲĵľӶ࡭
Ȼ۵ĵһۣһоǡǿǿǿĸǳ
Ȼ޼ҵļûʵס桭
ݳ³һƿĿ⣬Ͷ
۵һߡ
ЩһȻǺ׷ͯգϵϢȴǼΪо󲿷ȥƽƽ棬ݵ߲㳱ϫĸӦȴǿԷЩ˾ԶǴﵽˡʮ㡱ǿߣΨˣĸоȴͬһĿǳ
֮һһߣİС΢֣΢е۾Ц⡣һ֮УҲֻһֱֺǺǵı飬ΧǰࡣΣһڼүүĺͰ͡ϣȴĸоһв֮ʮ۷塱ǿ߸в
һһ޽ߣȣһư߰룬֮΢΢룬һ˫ȴǷ䣬͸һ˿Ĺâһ˲䣬֪ΪΣĸоһΣգ
ǵģΣգв
߳ɡʮ顭
ݳ³һԺ֮У˵Ϣ
޼ҵĳϣԶǻŵһǿߡ߳ɣ۵ĵ׸硣ʮ飬ȴСһˣȴѾǾʮĸ䡭Եĸף
ȻоΣգ⡮ϲүҲЩ߰ɡ
΢һ˿ĹâĿٶת
ⳤϵһҲݸһˡ
ЩĶ࣬ԼĪʮһʵҲԶǲٲִﵽʮ۷壬󲿷ڵھŲ㣬Щͣڵڰ˲㡭
ع۲ģһͷһλ
Ŀ࣬Ȼһ˫¶˿ȻһİԵ֮⣬ȴǴϻ˲Сˣԣ
ԡһƵΪơ
ݿš˵޼˭һʱˡ᲻ͣ޼Ҷ֪ġԸˣ첩ϰ춫Լʮ쳽ȼˣһɴ˿ԿѾˮݵʲô̶ˡ
ʱ¶һеģ±ˡݳɳʽ˯ţԲá
ģˣ첩춫ˡǵڰ˲ļˡЩȻѾȨʸȦϾϣҪĻǿʵʻǣǿĴһٻѾǵļ¡
Щ⼸ǿߡ֮УȻҲдﵽ˵ʮǿߡֻʮڣ۷ԲĵزвٵĲࡣҲһ˴ﵽʮڣľԶǾŲڣԼڰ˲ġ
⼸ݵҲİǵϵļˡ
ǶݻЩչ˵ģСԼµĺҲҪ޼ңصĻ˵ҲˡЩ˳棬õ޼һ֮
ֻϾǹħ֮пǼص޼ҵλΪУҪȨͲ̫ݱʵҲȷʧԳڱӻĿǣȻҲ֪޸ǺܺãȴҲûйĸԤ
ݵסִ֮УҪõʲôͱ븶һЩʲô֮ǰֻһϲܹ棬޸ѾĴĶˡϾ֮УĳʧƣȻϵֵܳѹİҲӲټ˵Щζˡ
ǣģݵĵס塱˫ԼɵӣԼʮࡣߵϵ
ϵȨÿһ嶼ɱġʣ޼ҵȨʵֳȽǿƵģʱΪ׵ʮһԼ΢ѷɫ˫Ϊ׵һ
Ȼݵѿʵ֮УһЩмʵȨ˫ƽмǣһɳϣ
۰٣һ޼ңеǣҲͷ۰
۲һ֮ݲҡҡͷһ޼ңһ顣
ҶûϵҷҲȨҵĿСﵽ֮ұĴȥһ½ĸ顭Ǳ֮໥ҪȤڵĶࣿ
ţҲͲ⡭
һҲڴʱϯ̨֮ܵ۵˵̨ĳ


14 ƷһƷ
һɳվǰţԵں档һĵϵڻûʸϯ̨
ڶĿϵɨһȫ̼䣬ѻȸ΢Ƭ֮۵
춼ԴȻһǧʮ꣬ʮŴ¡
ۻɤ촫󣬵ڳÿһ޼ӵܣԸеԼһ㣬һʱ񼤵һ¶ݡ
۲Ľһǧÿһ޼ӢӢ¼
ڴ324괺һˣħʮ콧ϣգնħ֮
Ĵ޷㣬ڴ397궬Ϊȵ˧ɱħƼ䣬նħʮħɡ
Ĵ޷ͬ궬롮Ϲħ򡯣áħ޹ǧ󻪾ʿ
Ĵ桭



ڶʮ
һһ׮׮ۿ渵ȴ޼ҵһ񼤵۵Ҳǧ֮ǰѪڵս֮ϣ޼ǻЦħѪս°Σһչǵǰ
޼ңǧ꣬ʮŴ޼ҵҫЩҫһ޼棬ÿţѪᣬñ׳޼ǧʷͬһȵѪ裡Ϊ޼ҺˣʲôɲΪ֮ݣʲôɲΪ֮԰ʲôɣΪ֮ѪڣΪ֮񼤵
ݣΪԽڣǽħ֮УƺҲ֮һ޼ǧҫĳһ̣ƺҲΪ֮ڣΪ֮𵴣
ۣԵڶʮߴ޼Ҽݣھһգ棡Ը޼ҫвϨ
һ仰˵꣬е޼˾Զδдǧҫ֮Уع
棡
ۻܣһ˫̺ϵ˫ͫδ˿Ĳһȣڵ·м䣬ʱֿһֱͨϯ̨ĵ·
𣡣
һŭݻع񣬲ŭĵطȥ
ĸˣ̧һֻʮֱӣ֮УһͷʨʨƻǻҰޣţͨĸСצӣݺݵ˴ǲ֪ʲôɵĺɫĽУһʯ֮
ʱӹ㳡֮ϣ촫
ޣޣ
ʨޣʨް
һǳʨޣŴ޵צУļƷʨ𣿡
һƷްȻǴֱʣ
˵ݵĶС
⣬𣿡
ݵһ𾪣
ݵһۼޣǸߴޱȣ߰ףһСɽһΣͬһļצݺڵԼһͷǰ³֮⣬޶·
̧ӵԽĿϯ̨еƺҲԽ궯ţ˴ϵļ̣ȻۣȴԶϽʯԵô
ڣϯ̨֮ǰ

һȵ
˶ʱӷ˵֮ϣ漴һĽ֮Դӻȡһɫķ໥һۣĽǵһֻ֮áǡ죬Ȼ£ٶһۣͬʱת
ǣ
һ޷·ҲͻȻΨһᡣ¸˲׳ĺ͵һţһɫĲӰȻײ

ΧһЩּҵӣʱ֮ϣ¶˾ɫ
̫ˣαͬһССɽһ೤צ˺ɡⶫҪǴϣֻ̼һ󶴣
һֱδ۴ʱͻȻ˵ľâ޵Ծ۵¶֮⣬Ȼһգ
ȣۿб
𣡣
һŭȻ𣡶һգ޾Ȼֱֱֹ˿У·֮УʱһεĽ֮һ㣡
ݵ۾Ȼɴ󣬲˼Ŀۣ
⣬ʲôȻǿ᣿ѵ⣬֮һգޣȻҲȫȻ޷
ݵǰһĻѾȫ޷ÿѧͣ
ն
ȵһΣȻܳ
ԣ
γȣ˫侲³һɿİԵ֮⣬һԾ֮£Ծʮ׵ĸ߿գкâһһ̼䣬һɫâȻϿӿŨĽɫâȻһۣȻһĿɿڴ֮Уһɫãʮ׳޵Ȼ֣
˺
һ˺ѿ֮ǽɫӰ޵ƽռҲһ˲һ㣬ƿ޵ӰȻ޵ͷ­
𣡡
ڿȻһ޵ͷ­ȻɫѪʱ޲֮ϣ
ͬʱԻתУмתȵϯ̨ϣ
̼֮䴫ٳ
˵һ۷Բ죬һ֮
ߣʱ֮
һϵеĶ磬һϢ֮䣬ȻᣡݿԣֻȻֺ룬ƽƸղһնûаֹϸһ㡣΢΢һ񣬰˻صԼλ֮ϡ
ס
ϡǿߣ̫ˣ
ҵĲšղŵһĻȫ˹
ȻǴԽڡϣȻֻһߡ˵Щδǿߣ޸֮Уٱгλˣ׾ٵģȡ
ϯ̨ϣ桱Ȼڽš
תλۣʱȴһ̼䣬ͳʬ֮ϣ
˵ٶȣٶͷƤȻ飡
УֳֻѪһȭоâȻһ漴͵ĳǾ޴ļ̨һӶȥʱӿѪ·ĳ־͵һǣһ㣬ڿ΢һ٣漴Ȼż̨硣
̼䣬ɫ֮ѪǼ̨֮ϡһ˵Ļ֮⣬ʱӼ̨֮Ӷ
е˫֮΢֮ΰοնͬʱٻӣǱµľ޴ͷ­ʱҲ·ĳ־޴ǣ֮һŷȥ
һĹ򣬱Ѿȵһ׸߿֮ϵļ̨֮ϣ
ݣ죡
ʱϯ̨֮ϣһͳ޼֮ˣͬʱ˵ϣͷ˵棡
˶֮ǰһĻŵˡ۵ǿᣬԵǿᣬʱӡǵԺ֮Сͬʱ޼ǧҫҲԵĸеһݽΪǧ괫мһӵĽ
Ҳǹ˵ϣ΢΢̧ͷѾΪ΢С۵ıӰһ̣ݵǰδеһȲ
УĶһﵽֲΣǳԽֲΣһġ
ݽսȭͷ˸ǰδеļᶨâ


15 ϼʼ
ԸЩģȻȴһݰǣְǽİǲһеİİ
˱һΪʲôױֻΪеһݿһݣԺ˵Ŀ
пţȴֻ֪ڼ̨֮ϵǵӰ
ɣ
ԼĪСʱҵʱ䣬̨֮ϵۣƮȻ£ӰƮ죬֮ˡһͳ˻վ
޼˵Ŀ⣬һȣĿҫԺ
޼䷢ңΪ޼ҵھŴĴߣδһҫһ죬ʱϼʵﵽ֮ˣɽڵޡڡɢ˰ɡ
΢ɨһȫƽ˵
ǣ
޼˾ԼԼĻش
۵˵ͷתӣϯ̨ϵˣһ뿪˲ٳ
˽
ֱϯ̨Щȫ뿪֮֮Ż
̫ˣ깦˾һ֮ʵ˾̾ȻѾǵһοˣ̲ס񼤵Ҳ֪ʲôʱҲܴﵽֲΡ
ǰȻÿ궼ῴǻǻ̲ס֮Ǵжҫܣ޼ңǵ֮춼壡
ζңȻҲǴǧļ壬гԣ˶棬Ҳ޼أħƼ䣬Ϲħ򡭡ЩɶǴ½֮϶ɷ֮أԭ޼棬Ѿʶˡ
໥̸ţﻰ⣬޲͸ŶԼǿҵĹ޸С
ȻݣЩڶУҲԵͷ۽Щ¼֮ʱ֮ϲδжĲȻƽֱȴüѡֻЩ¼ѪѪڣٶΣ³ˡ
ձϼȻʵ㣬ֳɫĻ˵׼Եõ뱾޵Ļأ
ڵ޼˲ŵĻذȻڱҵˣūҲлǷּ˵ֻҲǼΪѵá
Ľҵˣʱʱ̱̿㶼лԼ
һӴ˽뱾ҵĻᣬɲܴˣ
ּӵ໥ţһЩʵ¶ᶨȣһЩʵģеڶģ¶Ȼ֮ɫĽӹͷ
ŽɢȺݼҲƽ뿪˹㳡ûԼס֮ضȥ
һۣʵвС۵ĿУҲ˲ٹ½šǼʶ۵ǿߵֶΣԼĺʤ֮ģ
ҵʣһ죬ȻҲܴﵽֲΡߣ
ͷޣһ֮£ڿֹӣݽȭͷ

ҲгϦ֮ҹġҹϦҹúúóһٻһΪεĵλԼ̱ҲֻһŮݣȴûа취ʢ
Һʱ˲ٺòˡΪȻΧٿūΪ֮һձϼˣձͻ¶ԼʵҲڹأҲĬΪ
үڴ˹ףϼ֮һˣɱķ
žƱЩ˵ȻһڽоƸɵĸ£Ҫͷˣܲ
֪Լ׬⡣ֻΪݵʵѾطʵǴСڵϵĹע֮³ɳˣҲȻ˲Сľϲ˵һС˺ӡʮĳһ±ܱһ𺳣ķǳڴ
ĸµʱݶҲЩмġȻҲ֪׽ĿıǿǱԼΪϵݡʲôϵأݴӦ棬俴еģҲڵݣܰԼȹԼҪ̵ʱôȡˡ
ȻݵҲֹӲŵˡܵõ޼ͷӣݵҲһѡϾĸµʱ䣬̵ֻҲôù
үһУСΪҪΪʤԼʲô˰
ȹĵģȴݵİȫ⡣
ЦźһƣȻԴ˫Ǵֵּ̣İɣµġֻ֪Ѿ˲׵ԣʲộЩ㣬ȹ˽գֵˡ
áá
ЦŵͷˮȴڲͣĲá
ЦЦ洺̲˲ᡭ
΢ĹػѾô̳ɹĽݵϣΨһ⣬ֻ
Ժһ֮ݱˡѾʮоţѾסȻãʱܻҪȥԼӵġݴֲˡ
һҹ޻

գĵһ죬ƮƮһµѩҲͣɫѩ֮ϣ¶Ҳࡣ
գ޼Һ˵ǷǳҪһӡֻΪ죬һһȵϼһ죬ڵ޼ҺԶἯϵٳ֮ϣ֤һ޼Һ󱲵Ľ
Եϵ˵һԼֵ֮ܽеλӡԷּ˵ȴһõ뱾ҽ޻ӣһ·ϣɼƸ߰޼Һ󱲣ĦȭƣȲ
޼ҵϵʮˣ󲿷ֶϯ̨֮ϣЩϵĺ
νġϵ롰ּҡʵĲ𣬱ͷҲǸףүүһ֮УûɹĽ޼ҺĲ֮ˡУǱǡϵûУǱǡּҡ
Ͼ޼Ҵǧ֮ǰǸʱеϵּҵ棬ɶͬһˡϸ˵δʲôͬ
ֻ޼ңûн޼ҺĲ֮ˣôͻᱻɳȥ޼ҵ춼ӶˡּҡܳɹĲΣôһͿԳɹĻصҡ֮УΪϵ
ҲһֶҲΪƶȣʹ޼Ҵǧ֮Ȼ춼֮ϣ
˵롰ĲΡҪ󣬺ܼ򵥡ϵﵽʮ㡣ּңҪһǿߣ
⿴ȥƺԷּҲ̫ƽǣоԹƽһ˵򣬷ּϵȫһˡ˭Ҫϵ
ּҵŬУҪΪ죬ӶҡһΪϵҵȴҲŬУֹּڳ֮ԼһĵλⱾһ־ҲΪ־޼Ϣķչȥ
󲿷ֵ޼Һ󱲣Ѿվ˲ٳ֮ϣ˵֮Ҳǲͣ
ϯ̨֮ϣ˳ϣԼһĵϵ֮⣬һĵϵҲҪȥء


16 ڵ
ĽǡΪͷгϺ͸ףڱң޼õĴ
ĽֻҪڶʮ֮ǰﵽ㣬ͿԽڵ죬ǸʱдϵһģһͨδڵĵϵáֻҪԼŬûʲôĽģ
˵ĵɡôģ㿴޼ҷּҵĵﵽʮ׶α׼ģһҲˡڵģҲ˫֮ѣ
˵ڵͿڱҷָһ׶Ժ䣬ŮܼҡЩɶȫԼģԽʥ֮ѡһŸ似ص䡭ԱֵһöԭȵĲ֮ϣٰθһΣ⽱ǼΪ񰡡ϧÿ˶ʸӵС
ǴһƷ޺ڻڵƳɵĵҩںһµʱ쾳һεĵҩ
ֵҩ㣬ô˵ôһ֮ڣÿ˯ҲɵĽ뵽㣡
ߣڵʱãɵ˰ɣ
ţԲÿһֻܷ֮һΡ˴󲿷ֶڵڰ˲ھŲ㣬ߵھŲʮʱáͨߣŻпڵ㣬ʱˡ
ô˵֮⻢Ƿǳѵõİ
˵ֵҩڷɸ޼ҵġÿҲֻʮö󣡡
ԭˡѹ֣ҲֻЩɣͳȵҩˡ
ǣҹĴ֮һλ󣬻Ȼ󣬵ǶȴҲ㲻ʲôˡ޼Ҿвȱڵ£ԵȻ޼ҼΪչˡ
ڵ֮󣬱Ϳǰ޼лϪÿɼߣбһ鶯ŵﵽʮ۷֮󣬳鶯ͻơϡļʣ
ģȻ鶯֪鶯ǱȻӸ߼ĵҩҹĴ֮һ᪻һܳ鶯Ҳöҡ޼ҾȻҲô
ġ鶯Ҳڷɸ޼ҵİɣ
Ȼ
޼ҷּҵһĽ̸šϼ˵Ǹıһһ˵ûᡣʤߣƻӴ˽һׯص䣬ҩԶΪǳҪģŬŬŬԼͿˡ
ħսͷĸǿ࣬ĸĵλҲԽߣҲԽãҲԽԶ
½ϻ꣬ʮļ塭ЩĴ塣У鶯ĵҩ˵õġֻҪ㱾ررķϲ񣬼õҩѣҲܽһͨˣĶѳһǿߣ
ǵǸĴɣҲǲ׵˵ļһҲΪ½۷Ĵڡ
ıѾ㳡֮ϣŶ߷ּ֮˵ۡ
ɣڣڡүļ֮еҲ⡮үǰԸлڣõһöνƷҩϴ衭
鶯ϴ衭³һ˸Ȼһޱȵ簡ѹС˵֮УκεҩǷǳĴڡ磬ǺᵽֶʵĿİɣ磬һŷַ磡ǿʳһЩʵĵҩǵˡ
³һݵĿԽȺǸ߸ߵϯ̨֮ϡ
ϯ̨Ѿ˲ٵˣȴǼԼһɳϣ޼Ŀǰڶ֮ˡһЩ൱ˡ
ǣΧЩּǼĽĶ޼ұҵĵϵ
ҲѹַּҵǻĽЩϵֻΪǴСܵĴ޼õĴ
ǿǰָ㣬еĳأ似Ще÷ּӵĽʵĶǣ˵޼ĳҲΪ
ݹЩϵŮռһԶȳ֮ĿȴԴȻ飬жϳǵһʵԶС
һϵˣѾǴﵽ˵ϵľ磬ٲֵ㣬Щ߲㣬мĴﵽ˵ڰ˲ľ磡ֻٲ֣ȽСģҲﵽĲ㣬ĳ̶ȡ֮ΧķּҵȽϣС
ϵ࣬ԼĪһֻʮҡϯ̨ϣȴμĻֳӪһȨɱӰ쵽һ޼ҵĵϵ䲻ͬˮ𣬵ȴҲǸƲˬ̨ϿһĿȻ
޼ҵϵүļ֮еǾ䡣ֻΪÿϼֻҪ޼ҵϵӵܣԶҪġС
ȻΪ׵мˣĶӣһϲ񡭡ÿʱܵĳǲ١
ùҲ÷ˡ
һ˿Цݡ£ͨϯ̨רͨȥ
ղŻ۷׷׵ķּӵһݵΪԶһ㶡漴һɴ۾
Ҳǵϵ
ĴŲ񰡡
ݴ·ȻɫĶװʵأʵǳƲϺáѹЩּҵһɲˡ
Ŷ֪˭ˣٺ٣϶Ķӣ޼Ҷķϲүݡ
Ŷԭϲ񰡡٣ỹʱ޼ҶٵͷĽû뵽µĶӣȴһϲ񣬵Ҳϧ
ħΪ飬Ȼǵŭˡϲ֮ʡֻ±ĳͷ˰ɣ
ԴֳڽЩּӵܿ
޼ҿһŵʱ޼ӵܳ⣬ĵӣ໥̸Ц֮ʣ޲ߣǿԺȻӵܼ棬̸Ȼ̸̸ֻۣĿɾȫӵˣ޼ӵԺͬһˣ֮䣬̸۵Ŀڷ仯Ҳˡ֮µĪ˹
һǱϵҲǲˡ
ҡҡͷǲЦЦ˵ݴԽΪûаֹϸ𡭡Ͼ⸱ĸסֻǾ࣬ϴ˿ֳڽ֮ԣѾϰߡ
˵˵ЦЦɡֻҪݵߣݻһܺ˵˵ġ
ȻǴ˵ߡ˵̡Ǻõķ
ҡҡͷݳϯ̨ȥ


17 ޱ
ӴⲻǵĶʮһ겻ǳ˲ٰ
ߵϯ̨ϣѾ˵һɵϵʱͿݡУʱ˴Ц˳
ŤͷʱȻʧЦ˵ģձԼʹӳһ޺
޺ЦվߵһЩϵݵĿҲвͬЩǸ޺һżּڽЦ⣬Щ΢һüͷȻͲڹעЩȴѹûһֱۣӾˡ
޼ūŵĻʳ߰
޺ЦһͬһͬСһ㿴ݵҲЦ
ūͬʳͬס޼˶֪顣
޺ѾûǰǱ֮Уһѩ׺ãϱΣΪʵէһȥһѹӵͷ
޺ʿɶֹ
ЦÿģһĮɤȴЦ䣬ЦĺܲõļһĿ㶼֮
ǣޱƣãҪͷ
˵һǳɫ۵ŮŮԼĪ18񻣬ݰףһ˫Դ⣬Ů޺΢һȻţȴЦ˳
СݣҪǣߡ
ΪޱƵŮӲ޺ǳݿ˵һ˫Դ֮У¶˼ġ
΢һԺ֮жʱӿһϢ
˫֮Ůޱơ
ݶʱ֪˶Էݡ΢һ٣Цŵ˵ͷţллƽ㡣
޼ңáүкøе˼٣ǰޱƱһ׵˫ŮΪޱơ޼ҵϵһ֮УҲߵݱϵܶζޱƽΧ
ޱʼѣȥ17Ѿϫе˵㣬Ӷڵ֮Сдʱ䶼Ϫ֮ݴԽǵһμ
ΪʵһЦȴõޱ΢һ˵ͷĬĬÿһЩλá
޺ޱƸ˿Լвһ˿⡣ޱ΢ЩɵȻͬ㣬ԷѾǵڣӽԲֻǵڣʵЩࡣ
һ޺ûӡתݣ΢һתһ˿ڽ˵ʮܰһ겻㻹ôϲŮ˵ȹװ˵䣬Ŀȴǳޱһۣһ˿⡣
Ȼ仰Ѿָɣˡ
ޱʱһ£תͷ޺޺ҷ㡣۸Сʲô£
޺ЦһȴǲޱƵĻݳʢЦΧЦᣬ޶ǺεӢΰ֪һȴǱϺֻŮȹ׵ķʵ˶󰡶󡭡
ٺ١

һЦʱȺ޼ɵĹүд˳
ۣȺ֡ȻͬһͬҲͬĲεġվ޺ߵģȻһ֮ѣ̫Ĵˡ
ޱɫʱȻ˼ŭ⡣޺ʹҪ˵
ʮ߸磬·ܻԺҪİ
ȻڴʱһЦϵȴͻȻޱƶʱһ㵣ͷͷһЦݡ
޺˵ĴЦݵĻʱֹһϾԶ¶˼Ȼ
ڵƢΣվĵϵɶǼΪġƽǵ䳰ȷҲǸŭԡýա
СӽԴҩˣ
Ȼʮ߸˵
ǰʱһȭ˸òǴɵ˰ɡ
޺عͷݡ˫΢΢˸ΣյĹâ
ʮܣ˵ʲô
ݺϾһЦֻʮ߸ˤһӣеģʮ߸һˡʮ߸պҪСİ캮ضбɲҪˤˡ
ٶȸһ֮޺ɫȫȥ
һӣڷּӵǰӣ޸󣬵ڵϵϢĵǺܿ졣ʱϵȦӶѾ飬ΪЦ̸Ѿûӵ˼㡣
ڣϲȻҲԴȡЦԼ
޺Ƭ֮һ˿пЦԴããõúܣһ겻ʮܵǳ˲ٳϢ΢һ٣޺еĺâʱֻǣû˽̹Ҫֳ𣿶磬ʮ߸ģ˵ֻúõĽһˡ˵䣬һ˿ɫĹâʱ
΢һһ˿âһ˿Ц
ӣҪȡ˰
Ҫܣҷ㡣
Ҳ׼˹ʱȴͻȻеӱһ΢һޱѾվǰֱֱĿ޺һ֮е˼˿ů⡭ޱƶܵܣû˵ġ
Ȼ޺ȴ˿ޱƣĿԽޱƣϺߵСҵ˼ֹԭֻᱧŮ˴ô
һЦƽ㣬ûµġ˵ţҪǰ
Сݣ֣㲻Ķ֡
ޱüͷһ壬Դ𱸵ĺǳһٿڣޱѾŤͷ޺ϼгϾҪˡڴʱ£Ͳ³𣿡
޺ʱüͷһ壬һ˿ԥһ˸ĽɫâһûʧĿȴ絶ĿݣСϼұʱŹ㡭աߡ
кһ˵꣬Ҳٽ֣תȥ
΢΢һ漴ҡͷЦձͱѹΡ
ޱ΢һĲһ֮ȴЩů⡣
ѿޱƵʵ֮޺ҪǿһЩޱԵİһı飬ȴ֪ԭΪԼ
ǽԵĹˣȻΪЩ࣬ಢǺܴǶԷ𣬷ǵúúýѵѵԼôԼ⡰ѧϲ񡱵ֻޱҪάȫҲס
ԣޱƲŻһı顭
ƽ㣬лл
¶һЦ˵
ޱһֱŵҲӿ˼˿Ц⣬ҡͷɵСӡ㲻㣬˭㣿
ݶʱһ㶣漴ȴǸпǧΪ仰ϣ˺øеˣֶһ
޺ֻµһЩʲôСݣȴЩ嶯ˡ
Ц֮ޱȴ΢һüͷһһѾû˵޺΢Щǡ
û¶ģҲ治ʲôġ
ȴǺЦЦǵ߲ĸ֣޸֮УһԼǿ⣬ĶѾ޺ûѰԼҲͰˡҪһ٣ٶԼ
ݵУ¶һ˿â


18 ʵ
ţޱݵĻǸоЩԾˡŹֵĿݣüͷ·ʹʲô
ôˣжôݶʱ˶ԷŹֵı飬ʱһ
ޱҡҡͷȻŹֵĿݡȻЩɵĵСݡôͻȻáţԣˣôͻȻˣ
Ƭ̣ޱ۾ʱһָоţݵϵЦݣܱŸȾ
ǰġүƢųҲţһֱͷΪԱȻڵݣϸֵЦ׵һӢˣºͶŵĸо
ٺ٣ܡƽ¾֪ˡصգһ۾ȴޱƶʱһȻЦСӣͽ㻹ʲôܣ
ݺٺٸЦ
Զ޺һĿޱ̸ЦݣеŭԽŨ
ϲ񡭡
һŤͷȴѾѰ˼ţϼ֮ԼҪνѵСˡ
ޱһûһţݵҲԵÿĺܡڵûôһԼĽ㡣ޱȻޱƵһЩȴǺĺܣ˵˵ЦЦʱ䵹Ҳļ졣
гˣ
ʱ䣬֪˭һϯ̨֮ϵ֮ʱȥһ̽׳רͨĶȥȻһȺѾ˹
ǵˣվá
ޱæ˵еĵԶǶʱйվˣ˵֮ҲǶʱȥ
ڵϵڶּӵܵĿ֮У۵ˣϯ̨
ǱȽׯصĳϣ۵˾ԶһģȻϼׯϳ̶ȴԶԶȲȻҲûбҪһ˿ˡ
۵˵϶żº͵ЦݣΧĵϵҲǼΪȺ͡Ͼվŵģ޼ҵϣ
ȻݻǷΧ޼ҵϵһż־ִ١˵۵˵ĿǴȺͣڣҲ˿Ρ
ЩϵȻܼõĴͬʱȴҲǼΪġһʵڼΪϿѵ֮µõԼ峤ľηָ֮ķּӵҲҪΪŨĶ࡭
ʱ۵ѾԴӵϵֳемλֳ֮򣬷׷
۵ĵ˵е˶ǲٳ֮ϵķּӵܣϯ̨ϵĵϵӵܡԶǰĵȴ죬޼ҵǵϵǷּеĵӵ˵ǼΪҪġ
λϯ̨ţⲢ㳡Ŀдһ˿º͵Ѳһ֮΢ĵ˵ͷŤͷЦʼɡ
һһȻԵϢΣڶȳȵߵϯ̨롣΢̧ͷʱˡԡ
΢۹۵ͷ֮תӣƽɨһȦһƬѹѹķּӵ֮󣬵Ȼڵĵһ죬Ҳ޼һһȵϼ˻ĿģΪ˼޼ӵһ֮еĽ
Դ˻Ƶɤƽ촫
һϵĹòӲʣͭɫһЩƽȳȻֺ룬ȻȴżİԵϢǿһӢȣǳˡ
Եٳǽܴ˴ϼĹ
겻䡣ǽʵȣ֮󣬴ﵽӵܣɽڵСﵽĲӵܣͨ޵ķʽȡһڵʸ񡭡ڽʱ֮ǰ˭վ̨֮ϣ˭Իһ
Գ˵ָ꣬ϯ̨֮ǰһʱ̨֮ϡ
ֻ̨֮ϣһһߵɫʯھʯһ࣬վһĿĻߡ
߷·ǸӦΧĿ⣬˫ңңĵ˵ͷ
˵꣬ķּҵӶʱ׷ﵽȻǳأڵѾΪǳ˴šȻֻǴﵽĲĵǣȴǷ׷Ħȭƣ̨¶ǿҵĿ
΢üЦ
ҵľڵĲ㡣ݸҶԣ뵽־֮ȥģ󲿷ӦǶʮӵܣ
ϼ׶ԶʮΪ޵ġʮǴﵽ˵㣬ҲѾʧȥ˽ڵʸԣڶʮ껹ûдﵽ㣬ѾﵽĲ˵꣬Ψһϣ
˵ʮ߰꣬ʮġûбҪ뵽ļҾ֮ȥֻΪǻʱ䣬лᡣ
⼸ѾΪ޼ϼһͨȻûȷĹ涨˵ֻ׼ʮ˲룬Ѿһֹʶ
ϼڿʼ
Եٶ
Ե£˵ʱһĿ⣬ǳ̨֮Ͽȥ
ϼʽʼˣ
ϯ̨ϣʱһ꣬˳ȥĿȻɨһ۹㳡һԾʮ׵ľ룬ʱͷڶ̨֮ʯ֮ǰ
ݵĿʱ
ߣƨߴޱƲм΢һҡͷʧЦ
ݲİΪңʮ˵ĶӡҲ㲻ж꣬Ҳǽ˵㡣
޺ߵһӣȻ޺󣬵һֱ޺հġƽûٳݡޱƣȻЩˡ
ʯģ㣬ڣ
ûą֮̃ϵĻߣĮȻĿˡߵʱȻЦ˳
ʯǼΪġʯഫҶԴΪȵı׼ʯΪŹ֣ԽǿλãԽǼӲԣʯ֮ϵӡȣͿԲԳԷĹ
Ȼ׼Ȼô򵥡ϾеĹͬصҲͲͬĹ֮ǿģԼĵȣҲֻǵڡϵĺǷڹȴƽƽкĵӣֻĴϵӡͱΪǽ˵ڡ
ʯΪصģǱ޸ܡֻҪһƽȫôں̵ܶʱӡԶʧҲΪȹߵҪԭ
ߵͨ棬ޱٶƲƲ죺ʮˣôʵҲ˵⣿
ҡͷЦѡ
̨֮Ծ𣬷ϯ̨һԼʮ߰Ůӵϵ֮˳Ծ̨
Ǻǣϲ磬ҶҲǴﵽ˵㰡
޼ҵڶǱߣ˺ǺǵЦȴǡݵĶСݲŤͷȥԶĵطϰ춫˵


19 νޡ
СƽҲúУҴ콧ϻȻѾﵽ˵㣬ҲǳһСӿɾͲԶˡ
һ۵ҡͷ̾һ˵üĿ֮Цȴ˵ġϾȻǶʮŴﵽ㣬ܽڵѾ־޼ҾӢˡ
ǺǡҲðˡ춫ЦҡҡͷüȴҲЩԺ࣬ȥʮʱʹﵽ˵㣬ǲˡ
Цһ֮춫ͻȻʵ磬˵콧ϣٵĴš˵Ǳ߳ʲô£
ţȷǳˡ̸⣬˱ҲЩ˵ͷи˱ϵķ뵽춼ˡɶǲ˸ĴѰҡҲ֪᲻ʲô¡
춫һƷ
Ʒ
Ʒ춫һɫҲȫ
Ҳõģɶǲ˸֣Ҳ˲ˡҲڲĶ
˼춫ɫأǿοһ䡣
춫˵ͷɫȻصģ˵
Ʒ֪ʲô𡭡
ݵһ㶣Щ档Ȼ󣬵ȴþԶĵطһСŤͷһޱƣȴȫעĿ̨֮ϣһ¡
ţôСݣ
ޱƻعɻĿݡ
ƽ㣬ޣʲô𰡣ݺѯʡ
ôͻȻ뵽⣿ޱ΢Щ㵣֮˵
ü
ޱƵ˵ͷĽ͵š֮ν֮ΪޡΪǵʶ֮Уɱ¾һƬ磬¡Ȼˣ̣ҲǺܿ¡ͬռ֮ʱġʨޡһƷޡ㿴ģֻ֪Сޡıܣȴδжǡ
˵΢һ٣ޱƽüͲͬʵǿ٣ǵȴҪ࡭ΪѪԨ֮һЩֲ֮ӵнӽ̣ӵнα仯˵ЩЩҩĵޣͳΪһͷֱΪɱУԲŽǳΪ
ݻȻĵ˵ͷȻֺʵĵȼôֵģͬȼʵ𣿡
ޱҡҡͷ˵Ʒ׶ǴһƷƷߵʵӸ˵û̫Ĳֻӵв̣ս֮Уͬȼ޸ǵĶ֡
ŻȻĵ˵ͷޱƵĽͣЩˡ
νǳĪֲȻӵб仯˵ͬʱӵ߲˵̵ޡͬȼʵʵֻ޴Ķ࣬ҲѶԸĶ࡭
ƽ㣬Ƕ˵ϪޣЩʲôȼأ
ͻȻѾŲ̸ϪޡĶӣǱһֽӥ޵Ϯձ˲зϡҲˣŵ¡ү֮ܵ֡ռġʨޡҲһƷġ˵Ϫϵӥ޵ȼռʱͷ޵ȼһĻôӥޣ޼ӿԿĴô
ӥǺޣδ롮Ʒ
üЩ죬ޱƵϸ͵ΪһƷһƷ֮£һ׵ȼֵġ˵޷ΪޡޣҲ롮ƷޣյʨޣһƷڵޡѾﵽľ硭޵ķּȴǷΪһʮסֱӦĺһʮ㡭Ϫϵޣ󲿷ֶǺҡȻҲף߽ǰ˽׵ġ
һƷڣޣһ£ôҲȺôʨޣȻޣ
šޱƵ˵ͷȻɻʵôͻȻЩôȤ
ݻعЦһ£Ŷûʲôˡ
ޱֵĿһۣתͷüͷ΢һ£ȴҲû˵ʲôҲŤͷȥ
̨֮ϣѾ½кЩϵӵǰ̨֮ϲһԼʵ
ֻ˴ﵽ˵ĳ̶ȣĴǵĲ㣬ݻҪСһĺӣֻﵽ˵㡣
ȣٵĽš
ϵ˱ͲǺܶ࣬ұݴһЩģһֶѾڵޱƵȣԺܿģϵֻݣлûвȡ
һ׼ǰȻʱԵȴ
ϵӵܲϣڡ
󲮣һûвȡ
һ㶣΢һ漴ȴ¶һ˿ЦڣԵĻ
ϯ̨ϵ˾ԶһȻŤͷ

ݣ
һϵʱȻ۾ŹֵĿݡ
ߵޱһ֮ŷӦæһĺǳСݣ
Ťͷ䰲ЦһЦޱһ֮ݻعͷ
ǶʮܰȻҪԣ
һЦ޺ձĲᣬݾȻͬԴҩһԼ˳裬ʱ͹Ц
ιݣ㲻ǹֵİɣ
ҲһЩݾͲ˳۵ĵϵӵü
ϼأСӹ£
ǡ
ڶԼһɳ϶ڣҲһһĽСֳ֮ڽ벻мһȴ˿ûб仯
ڶ˴üͷһݡΪǵҲ˼ʲôϾô˵Ҳ۵ĵϵӣȷҲǵϵˡ
һûвȡ
ޱЦЦ֮ݲδΧϵ˵ǿԣٶ˵һ顣
Եüͷʱ΢һ塭ȻһֱδɹעСӣϵӣǵԼԴĶӡǣѧϲ޼Ҷ֪¡ýͻȻ˵ЩѲǰʱˣӶЩʧķô
ţҪȻܾ
ɡ
ڴʱһͳԴȴͻȻɫһ̧ͷǡÿݵһûķüͷ΢һ塣
ҲǻعͷȥʱеĸѾһûĮĿһۣƿĿ⡣üͷɫ΢ȴδ˵ʲôٶȿԡ
΢һ˿һ
ԴˣеϵĿ⣬Լݵϣ


20 ݣǷϲ
һڶ೤ϣڶԼǺ棬ǼڽĿ֮Уеϯ̨ǰ
ϯ̨£ǺѹѹһƬȺĿⶼĿֻΪղԵĻѾ˵ϵѾϣ˵һʱȴͻȻͣסˡݳȻԵĻϵԭΪһһȻǺǳˡ
ףǸϲүݣ
ղſͨרͨļּҵӣʱϳݣȻĻӿѿڶ
˵ʱԼٶ˿˲䣬˶Ѿ֪˴ݡǸ޼ҳġϲү
Ĵ޼ҵ˶֪ġΪĶӣݵġϲүĴͬ޼Ų׵֪ȡ
ʱһּӵܵĿ֮УҲ¶˺棬ȻڽϷζ
ݴ˿̣޼ңĳˡ۴˴βȳɼΡеķּӵܣѾʶˡ
ݻ˵Ŀ⣬漴ȴ̧ͷԴһ˿ꡣ
ùգȡҫ
һȻԾ
ۣԾһ̣Ŀ⣬ȻֹƬ̣оâһû֮µȭͷȴȻק
Ȼ
ۣڶĵϵҲȻĵɴ۾ϵ쳵˫ˣ͵վΣĶݣ
ǷϲʵһɳԼġ壬Ӧñ֮ͨ˸һЩǣһԾ֮ߣƮȻȻйʲôϲ
ޱǴͣţеĴͱ˾ϲ
Сݣѵ˵˵ǡǡ
ޱƵɴ۾һɿϲ֮飬ʱԱšȭͷ΢΢Щ
ޱƾϲ޺ɫڴ֮ȴһƬţ
ôܣСôܻᡭ޺ŵĵɴ۾漴ҧأѹֽײңԭǡ
޺üĿʱкâʢߣСһΣѲҵʵ㣿ڣҲǵڶߵɣҶײңΪһͲ֪ԼмＸˡȽϼϡʰ㣡
޺Ķݣһƺ⡭
һ㲻ʲôڶ㣬ΪͬԾһˮ
޺ŶԷѾﵽ˵㣡
ݵ˾㵵Ŀ֮Уȵʯ֮ǰ
ݰɣķϲȫ᲻ͨġôܣ
һԾЩּӵܷ׷ֹȻϵɫװѾ˵һЩʲôǵϵѾȫ¶ˡ
ݷϲ֮쳹޼ңȻգݵ˵棬һһҲ˵ƾһѾϲͷȫ׵ˡ
ʮ꣬ڶߵ㡭㲻ϸߣ㲻Ϻáǣ롰ϲҲϱߡ
ôǵڶ㣬ǵأ
Щ
ȴû˻ΪѾﵽ˵㡣
ʯԵĻ´һۣ΢˹
ߵһ˿죬漴˵ͷ˿һ
ȫеϣʯ塣
ָָʯ顣
ݵ˵ͷĿ⼯ʯ֮ϡ
ֻʯ֮Ϲ⻬һƬӭⷴŵڹ³һ֮еھʱӿ˳ھ̼ߵұ֮ϣ
˫Ŀâ΢һһƣݺݵĻʯ֮ϣ

һ죬һӡʯ֮ϣ
֣ǰһ΢һ֮۾һ漴ת
˶Ŀߣߺ棬ǽŵĵȴߵĲ
߻һܣ漴ͳĮ
ʯϫ㣬ڡ
䣡
Ȼ֮䣬˶ˣ
ǷϲôȻﵽ̶ֳȣ
ʮꡭڡ˵ȥʱѾ뵽˵㰡˵ţҲǺΪɣôǷϲ񣿡
Ȼ֮ӡȻ޼ˣȴȷǹھ춼ΪĶӣ˵ݵʲ֮ϵġȻڿҪ͵Ķ࡭ҲѵõСŰ
ûû
ּӵܣʱ˵ºҲǷ׷׵ðͷ
Էּӵܵ𾪣ϵȴһƬ
ˣסˣ
ּҵݽӴ࣬Ȼ𾪣Ҳֻ𾪶ѡȻϵȴǲͬÿһ꣬Ҫദġݣ˽Ȼһ̣˶Ŀݣ·ǵһʶ
ޱƵɴ˫ۣȻ漴ȴǾϲҲ΢šŵȭͷҲ΢΢һ֮ϣ˷ܵͨ죡ݷҲǸ˵ĺܡ
޺ɴ˫ۣȻ˫֮ȴ۵Ĳţŭл㼯˫ȭҲšݣϲ񣬾Ȼﵽ˵㣿ôܴﵽ㣿ôܴﵽ㣿
Ҳǵɴ˫ۣĿ΢֮󣬻ָƽƽĿ⣬վ̨֮ϵĵꡭ
۵ɴ˫ۣȻڵɴ˫۵һȴֹסĳ֮УȭͷšҲ΢
ǰ۸ݵĵϵҲɴ˫֮ۡлٲֶֻǵĲѡȻֱ仯̫ˡǰһ룬ǻڳ˼ҡںһŷ֣˼ҵѾǾȻҪߡֱ仯̫ͻȻͻȻûܻع
޼ҵڶ˫ƣ඼ɴ˫ۡȻڵɴ˫֮໥һӡǴӸԵжһ˿磬ᣬˣ
ʯϫ㣬ڡ
򵥵ļ֣ȴõеݣʮ꣬ڱˡϲ֮ʮ֮󣬵޼еϵּңǧ˵棬ʵȴ˸еź
ݣǷϲ񣡡

վ̨֮ϣһǴ㵣벻ŵЦˡ
ùҫ
һ˵ͻȻ緢˳һ˺ѷεźһ˵Īʱʹݵ˫ۣ΢΢
ݲǡүȻȴǡүѹʮԴӱϡϲ񡱵ıǩүһɡŬУȻȴŬʸҲûУ
ŭʹ޹ʧӲ
죬еһжΪȥݣжȡӦڡүҫ޼ҵϵүԼ԰ӽûû˵ʹ˵ûˣ
ͻȻȻ漴ȴǻɢݶʱеԼͷƺʲôڻʧģһ־δй泩ͻȻӿ塭
ݵͻȻһ˿򡭡ǡүüĽ죬ڣκһ˿źɢˡ


21 ʱ䣬ȡ
ϲˡү
ݵĶݻعͷȻ¶һЦݡ
лл
Ŀ֮ӿ𼸷֮ɫһֱһĮϣ¶һ˿Ц⣬ݣ˵ͷ
ЦתӣٶȰ𣬷صϯ̨ϡ
ϯ̨ϣȴԵЩ졭
˶ݣ·ǵһʶһ㡣ĵϵƽݲûʲôֱģԼСһЩôµĵϵǣ˼档ƽؾ۸ģɫȴǼΪѿʵߵĿ䣬ʵ͵ģž⡭
ƽĿݣвûʲôһʱҲ֪ʲô
ȴ֪Լ¶һʵֱĶԸԼĿԲ󣬵ҲͲٶ롣ԣ΢˹ݻص֮ǰλϡ
ֻ¶˵ʵɲǰ׳գһƵ¶ǰҪĶԸ˵һ˿ҲûУ
ԾĿ˿ݣȻתϵϣɷּӵܿʼȡңϴﵽȥ
ԵȻĿ˵
ּӵ̫࣬ҪһһĲȣǵò⵽ȥɡԣϴﵽģֱȥﵽ׼ģõûﵽģٻȥһԽʡٵʱ䡭
ּӵܵĲҲۣȴǱޱץסˡ
ޱƽĶݣЩЦá
ƽ㣬ôˣ
ߣޱһȻŶݺݵʵʲôʱﵽģΪʲôҶ֪
ݱʵһ漴ЦʵҲǰʱմﵽġҲ㣬ʵΪȥ˰
ҽȥģ㲻ڽ֮ڴһеİɣޱһ
ǡƽ㣬Ҳ֪ҴСͲãûʲôôܻﵽأ
ݵķõޱ΢һ𡭡ԼܴܵСᣬҲǼΪҲڼλΡôôһ֮ڽ֮أ
һ֮䣬һ㵽㣿Ц飬ûðɣ
Ѿ˽ڣһ֮˵ƽ㣬Ҹ㡭㲻Ҫ߱ˡ
ޱ΢һ£ȻҲǵ˵ͷ
ҿ˿ޱƶС˵֪ǰұ˰ɣʱҲΪҶҪˡ˭֪һϣȴһͷһֵĵҩҷ¡뷴ҪˣҲͳ˰ɡǾͳˡ֪֮ҵָ졣ָ֮ٳУȻֻһϾʹﵽ˵һ㣡˺ʱǷɿĴﵽ˵ڡ
ݿС˵ֽ֪ڸһǰˣ鵤ҩ˻Σ˭ȥҵǸĪеĸˣ˭ܿԼһԽڣֻҪһƺĽͶ
ޱһʱɴ۾һ˼飺һöҩڰʱ޵е˵㣿⣬ʲôҩ
ޱ𾪵Ĳͷ̽ֵҩ书Чֻ³֮ΪҲΪ
һͨˣõҩһ֮У弶ֵҩ٣ޱȣ㻹еġ
Ҫע⡭ݿһᣬݽߵ˰Ȼڳöҩ֮󣬴ﵽЧ
⣬˵û
ޱɵɵĿݣȻѾ𾪵Ĳ֪˵ʲô
ޱ𾪵ı飬ݰ͵Цȴһĵͷ˵ͷûⵤҩʲô֣ͷҲûҡ
ޱƴ֮ų³һ૵ͳֵҩߣǾǰ˰˵꣬ݵǣǰʲôطأ
ҲǺͷҲͳֹΡһξ֮ʣöҩһΣȴһǰ٣Ҳ֪
ɷµҡҡͷ
ޱ˵ͷü΢˿ûлɡǰˣƢԹŹ֣Ʈ첻˵Էһֱ޸ǲŹŹˡ
ޱƳ³һҲΪݵġԵĸˡ֮󣬱ЩΡСݣǧλǰһࡣպҪŬСǰһᣬһҪúõİס
΢һ£ޱԴൣǵĸ룬ӿһů⡭
ݵ˵ͷţ֪ˡлл㣬ƽ㡭
ޱƵ˵ͷ³һȻ¶ԿĵЦݣΣӽԺ󡭡Ҳ˵۸ˡ

һ֮ޱƵעе̨֮ϵķּӵ֮ܲȥˡݵĿ⣬ȴԴԶЩڵĵطһۣһ˿Ц
͵˰ɣ𾪵˰ɣûϵǴȥѰǸĪеġͷһȫ棬ӦһЩˡ
ݵڣȻ˵˵ѡȻ˵ޱһ˵ĺСţֻޱһ˻ͻȻʵ⡣
١ԣԼǸʮϣ;Բܲ棡ǵʵҪ͵ҲǼ
Լһ˵ǣ˵ǻȫţԻŰɡ
ֻҪǰŰɣôԼĿıҲʹﵽˡԺ󼴱ҪԸԼҲȻҪúõһһˡ
һͳ쵤ҩͷͨͷΪʲôҪ͸Լһϲ쵤ҩʲôʲô⣿֮ûʲôδ֪飿Լ᲻ĪпܡǿޱȡͷŭţԼͼˣܲⷽһǡ
һԼʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ľʱ䡭ֻҪʱ䣬ԿͻƵ졣ֻҪﵽ졭ôҪԸԼҲˡ
һ˵ʵҪĿģΪԼӮһαʱ䣡
ţĿģҲﵽˡ
аԵ˼ţּӵܵĲҲʱ֮Ȼȹ
ȷǷǳУûй˵ʣҪڶʮ֮ǰﵽֲΣǼΪѵáּӵ֮УҲֻʮˣﵽ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ݵȵϵˣϼ֮Уʮ˴ﵽ˵ĳ̶ȡУˣŮˣ
ڵȴһʱδ˼֮ٶϯ̨λą̃Ŀʼһڵе
ϲһʼ̨ģʮ߰ģδﵽķּҵӡȻչս
ݵһοսȻǿĽζֻ˸ŵĸɫâХȭ֮ݹ񫲻ѡȻ羫ʵĶࡣڵϣŵЩʲôȭʲôȭʵĵĽκһ˵ĶҪƯĶࡣڸɾĶǿƻ֮νĹƬҲ˿ѷ˰ģɸг


22 ϼ
սӽʱʱ򣬶ʮķּӵܣڿʼ̨Ժ󣬱ûʮ߰ȥˡ
սԽļңڶʮķּӵ˵һν޼ڵĻᡭ伤ҳ̶ȣòݣ
Щ˱Ѫأеͱ۶ֽšȻ̨֮ϵ۵˾Զû˿仯
֪ҲġϾ޼֮ҪԵģޣ޵ײг̶ȣ޷ģ֮£̨ϵĲսԵ̫ºˡ
սʱ
Ѿǵжٸּӵ̨ܱ֮£ֶϽŵ֮ѪѪ֮ãϾϼ˻Խգˣ¾۵Ҳ᲻áԣû
ˣҲǿ˸߲ҡ
ڣԺֹʱһĹҲȷ
һʮ꣬ģŮӣ
΢ЩȡʱҲнӢĴڡ
ݿۿŮӽսһһ̨ġҲмʵζ
ʱյõڵˣľڼϡɢ˰ɡ
Էһ֮ϼ
ȡýڵʸģʮˡУˣŮˣЩˣһĳΪ޼ҵĺӵܣ
УģʱҪˡ
ݣ޼ҷϲү֮˵쳹춼ҲǲšϾĸᣬ춼ԣǶǶĴڡΪĶӣһѧϲȻ춼ǵķע
Ȼһšͷʮ֮õ꣬ȴڽ죬ԼʵжˡǷϲ
ϯ̨ϵ˶ɢˣĸоһ޼ҳϣ޼ҵڶĵϵԼĿ֮УԶǴż־ɲ顭Ȼûȫӽһϵб֮лع
ȻидعͷӭĿģԴָӵ顭ݼš
΢һָƽ
߰ɣҪúõףһ
ʱҲɢĲ֮ޱЦŶ˵
¶һЦݣ˵ͷˣȺסȥ
һ·ϣķּӵܾԶָָ㡣ݵ⣬ɫȻʡ
޸󣬵һϢĴȴǺܿ졣
ޱһϸ۲һ֮󣬳һСݴСܾѣұΪõ֮ͻ὾ȫһԴ֮ˡڿƺˣЩˡ
һˣ裬ӵǿʱͨΣաпܴӴ˱һֻ֪ˣԴ󣬵ļˡıˣޱƱ뾡һа취ҲҪ
ݴݲɫ֮ʱޱһСܵˡ
ˣ㲦Ƽա֮飬ҲɰϢˡ

ޱƷصľס֮ʱ򣬴Ѿ˫ͨվȴˡ򼤶ɫͨ죬վڴߣĿԴԴΡ
ڸԶĵطǰݺūǡ
һɫ԰ףšݵʱһң¶Ŀ־塭
ݲǸϲүˣѾõ˽ڵ޵ʸ񡣿˵֮ǰѾǽȻͬЩūͣǰȻԸ⣬һҲ
ϴ΢ЦߣޱҲԴżЦ⣬еǰ
ү
̵Ҳ̲סરવĵݴﵽ㣬ɹȡýڵʸһ˲䣬ϸ˾Ѿӯӡʮ裬ڽݵıɢӰ١
ϲү
ҲϽĿڹأ̧ͷݵиһƬ˷ܣ
ӽ쿪ʼĺӣˣ
̡һ¶Цݣǽ˵ɡ
˵䣬ݵĿɨ˲Զڶū͡һɨӼ䣬еūͼȫɫ䣬ɫ԰ף¶˾֣׷׶ݵĿ⡭
Щūûүһ˼֮ȴȻЦˡЩūϸʲôԼŸոշѣֶȻţܶʱȴЩõġǼȻ޷ԼʲôвŹ˱ҲͷŹˣʵûбҪġ
뵽˴ЦһẈ߽̂ǵͰƽ
ڽ֮ǰ̧ͷһۣ֪һסˡ
֮󣬴ȻĲ֪˵Щʲôݵһο֮ҲƽϸĨſĵỨ׼ȥˡ
ȻҲ˷һֵĻᣬæĴһЩòˣ֮ʱѾһòˡʢ̶ȣճϦ֮ҹ
̵պ֮ܲ޸ĴҲǲضáޱƱ߳Ա߿ޣģﻹг֮ʱһ⣿ֻõôһĿѡ
ޱȻѾʶ˴̶̣СͼΪӦݵޱҲǼΪкøСһٷѾõͬһĸŮˡ
ޱƵĸףںܾѾѾȻڻиҲ㲻վ˼ȡһŮƶΪ׺ͣΪơܶʱ¶ĸϢ֮һޱƶм֡ҲѹޱСȱĸŮ
ޱȻǵԲĸ֣ͬʱҲֻһʮСŮѡ
һٷڻķΧ֮жȹ
Թȥޱơ
СݣʱҪľüϣɱˡ
ޱƶһ
šЦŵ˵ͷ
ˣˣԼȥˡޱЦųݻ˻֡תŵϵԺȥʱѾʧݵ֮С
ڵ֮ĵӣÿ˶޼õһԺ䡭ޱȥڵȻҲԼĶԺġ
ݵԺ䣬ŵյʱ򣬱ͿԷ
ޱƵıӰʧŻع̧ͷ˿Сһߡ
ڵ־ŵڰˣھʮķ֡Ѿﵽ˵߲۷ԲֻҪõڰ˲ķϿԽס
³һǹһ˿΢Ц
֮⣬似ҲҪʼˡŽڵ֮󣬱ҪǰϪҲ˵ϾҪĺ޴򽻵ˡûһųֵ似ȴǲС


23 
ЩڴΪһ21͵ĴԽߣеı±֮ľ󲿷ֵ˶ҪǿҵĶࡣֻǿңѡ
似Ҫԣڼʶǡ˵һһն֮Ѿǳʶˡ
Ǿһ似һϢá
ϢȻǿû似ĻҲԷӳڵı֮ÿԼݡﵽ߲ǿߣʹ似ʱѾǿˡʻ
˵
Թеķʽָ⴫ݳȥϢһ뿪ָ಻֣ͻɢ֮䡭ҪϢ壬Ӧǻһʲô֮ġֻϢڣҲҺҵ뵱Ȼ顭ڵõһ似ԵüΪҪˡ
һʲô似أȭƷȷ
Ѿʼ˼һ֮ȴͷòЩӡ
˼ţݱ߳žס֮ȥ

ã޼ҵӵ˵Բһİĵط⾫ղصֻ֮ղصģͨصԼ۷صһֶѡ޼صղسڵ֮С֮ˣǲ֪ġ
ûʴ֮ϵĻѩѾɨһգֲľĹѻѩһƬȴǴһ˿ĳ졣
˵Ȼ޼Һĵֻ֯ūŮڴҪǱԵūͣŮõĶࡣūһҲǼΪ㣬Ůһζˡ⣬޼ԵĲͬǴūͣŮϣƳһ
ͷ֮һֺ޴Ľռ֮ǰռǸ޴㳡Ҳٲ˶٣˵޼ĽҲǲΪ
һͷľޣη
Ǵһ֮ϣܿνǧҵġ̡Ϊˡ
еûж𡣡
ѾǰĴ֮ϣĴ̧ͷǰͬһĺΰ
Щȫǿɵôһľʯ˵ҲǧϣƾҪɷӣȷ򵥡
̧ͷǻֺĽЩ̾š
ǰԵʵ֮󡭡飬Ҳ㲻ʲôˡ
뵽ǰһ֮һն֮㳤³һ磬ԲԳ֮Сɽһޣ׾ٵıնɱǻڵֻ¾ӳɱͷޣҲһɱɣ¸߿ƼȷɱԲСô˵ġ
Ȼգһգ޶ʱֹڿСһն޵ͷ­ʱءɴʵ˲̾ҲС
˼һϣȴҲδҪʲôձͺúõĿ˵ɡ
ݳ³һǰȥ
֮Ųٵ˽ԵַǷ
˴޼ұҵĶʮ꣬Զڴ˴Сټ⼸ջвٵķּӵҲ˱ҡȻǲܷŹκһȡôĻˡ֮м߲Լ˲ִ̹̽ÿնչָһӵܡڷּӵܶԣָǷǳѵõģòһ˱ңȻǲԸֶ顣Ҳˣÿͷ죬Ϊ֡
˵ϣȴǸ⺮峿עһ
㿴㿴ү
˿ݵΣ۾һʱľ
ү˵ǰûаеġȴϼ֮ϴʣѾǵڵǿˣǼҪڵ˰ɣ
Ҳ۾һи¶ĽĹ
ǰءү16꣬ҲǷǳǿأ
ߣ16ôǼ֮У֮˿ǲ١޶ү޷үүһ15ʱѾ˵ڣ޷ү15ʱͽ˵ڡ治֪ôġˣǵ˭ӡ޼Ҵʲôǲ˰ɣ
Ҳ˲мһˡݣһ˿ʣȻ鲻˵
ôܻΪһ̸Ϊݱƽ
丸ӣһֱûҲͰˡҲ㲻ҪԺɳҲһħΪ顭ȴһ䣬޼ҵԺ󵽵׻Ķ飿
ȴҲ̫ǿʶ˰ɣ˵ǼĶӣ˵
ȻͬǱָѪԨ֮У˴壡үߣЩ֮δģشҲһֱûʲôҲͰˡķˣΪ޼жٺøУ
⡭
ݵĶУȴݽ΢һͣĵط
ū͵ĺ󱲣̸šǵĿҲһֱݡͶעĿʱЩ˵һæƿĿ⣬æڿ첽ȥ
ʱѾ뿪ݵߣݵĿȴ΢üͷ΢
Ƭ֮ȴҡҡͷ̧ͷڲȥ
ߺȣ
飡
һţǰĿռȻʡһټٳݵǰټ¶䳡֮ϣС
еĲķ似
ֻΪķҪһǳĻġд֮ô׽״̬һĽ״̬Щһһ֣ڵ߲ǿɵˡ
޼ҵĺӵܰ
۾һ
ڡүļ֮УǾģȻϤĺܡϾݵһЩ䡱ͺñǵӰDӰα棬Ҳû侳𺳰ɣ
ߵһ䡭
һ֮ݵĿ⣬䳡󷽡һȴŴ󿪣죬Ҳ֪ʲôط
ݵĿȴһ棬Ǿá˵֮ʲôطҲŪ̫ˡ
ݵĿ⣬Ǵ֮ǰһͦӰ֮ϣĿ
ֻΪǵӰ˭
޼ҵܹܣڰ˲ǿߡҪְ𣬱ǿá


24 ĵ
޼ңҲȨ֮ȻȨԵأ֮ߣȴӹɵġһĵϵ󱲣ҲҪĻһܹܡɼ˵ĵλ
ҲүĴԵɣֻΪĶ̱Ҫйһлѡ
һūҪйԼе⣬͸ҽһϵүִ˵үǸϲ񣬵һȴҲԿ޼ҵĵλˡ
ң۵ȳѾأݵ飬ӦҲ˽ŶԡȻúõվطϼ֮ϣе˶̸⡭żȻݵǣѲ²ڼĵλϣһЩδ֪˽֮£Ҳδ֪
ùȴǱʱ򰡡Էģ
ݳ³һ˸ૡ漴һǴȥ
һ·ȥΧԶߺ֮д֮ΧŨʱһЩʵǿˣżָһʵ֮ˣʵ൱ļ˴һȦֻţ໥Ӧ֤Լ似򡭡ݿãȴǲ¶ڴ֮ɫ
⣬֮е簡
ʱǰĴţȻݵĽǰ
ڴ֮ǰվһΧ׻
ЩһĿ⾼Χףֳֳɷˣǿ֪ЩˣһǰһľӢƽʮʮʵȻﵽңҼǶһվֱһ˸˳ǹмƣ
ݵ֪Щ޼ҵ޼ҵ˽˾ӡ͵ҲǶʮ֮ǰﵽϲС춼֧ͷҲ׹
΢ͣһݵĿԽЩһɰԵ֮Ŀ⣬ɨΧ֮ˡˣͷƤԶ΢΢һ飬Ͻ뿪ԶЩ
ԼʮӣĿ࣬Ե֮Уȴһ˿֮⡭
Ȼݿʱȴ΢һ΢һ˼ӡ
Ѿ˵յõڵʸҪھüϣԾѾȫ䱸˵ȣڡڽ뾫ô֮һյء
ʱһ갺ͦأ߳ȺԳǱסĴȥ
Ŀ΢һɨͿ
ȻŤͷһĽĿˣһ˿ɫ漴֣һкܹܡ
δ䣬ֻ΢˵ͷү롣
꣬յõڵʸҡЦŵ˵ͷٶȹ˹֣ڡ
ү
ϼ֮ʱõڵʸ֮һˣ
үѾʮˡû뵽һȴǵõᣬѵá
ǰ
ߣʱһ˵֮ҵĿ֮УҲ¶˼Ľ
ڵ޼ĺĵѵ֮أ޼ӵ˵ΪʥءҲǺΪκһõڵʸˣ۲ѡ
ݿʧҲһ˳ȥ
ѲӵĿ⣬ʱ˻ϡһ˿⣬һ
ʱ˵Ŀ⣬ҲǼݵϡ
ףǡ
ү
ݡ
ǵģϼ֮վıȽϿǰ
ǰܷϲû뵽յϼ֮ϣȴǴʰ޶ܹʱ򣬵һأ
Ҳǰû뵽˵ľ̫ˡ
ʮķϲ֮һֱݵͷϣѾһֹ˼άݱ¶ʵȴǺݺݵ˳Ծһѣڣ˶ǲ̫š
ڰǰʱܹܽүǴһʱүһϲʱŹүݵλǽȻͬ˰֪ܹܡ
ţʱүûаֵĵֿ֮ͱһƻɣѪ˹ȥʱһ룬һȥˣҲˡû뵽ǵûڰ֮Ȼõ˶һѡֻ´Բ١үĻʱҲʵģֻΪ̣Ųұ¶ɣ
ͻȻ¶ʵȻⲻЩ²⴫ԳˡŷģĻôһֱ̣Ϊ˵õڵʸ񡭡ҲֻΪڵӡ޼ҵݵλŻȻͬͷҪԸҲͲˡ
Ҷǰ׳գ߲ĶЩ֮еˣѾһֻû˸ҹ˵ѡ
ݳŴȥһһ߹ıҲԽ֮УǺ⽥Ũ
ʵδʲôޡֻǰͼһʱ֮죬֡ʱºҲЩ⣬ֻôص֡ôùȥˣһ˿Ѿ֪ʲôطȥˡ
ֻǼһϲүѣݵλҲʹˣûҪڡ
ڣȴЩԼʱ̫ᡭֱӽҲûպô鷳ˡ
ҵԼ˵ǷһꡣݸԽԽˬ
ǲ
֮ڣʵĵҩֱֶĴڣҲ֪Ǹǰôû۹⣬Ȼһϲ񡭡
ԼĶӣݸӿһ˿ʺޡ
ǰֱͿó쵤ҩϣδؾûҽ׹֮ڵ쵤ҩҶݵʲ֪ҪǿٱȻߣ
жʺ֮ʱѾе˴֮ǰ

һ죬һֱĿбӵĻͻȻеĳݵǰ
˵ȣ˿
һ鵭Įĳȡ
ݵĲͣ΢һüͷɨӼ䣬ȴǷѾƿĿ⣬ȨûпԼݵ֪ҪԼѿˡ
΢һ۾¶һ˿Ц̧ͷܹܣǺ⣿
ȴŤͷֱӾͲݣȨû
ܹܹȻô׾͹ȥġ
治֪ʲôطܹܰյļϣǴү˶֪ġܹ˹ĶԸүû¶ô
˵Ͼܹܵݺ͵ططġȻԵ̵ġ
ٺ٣ءǻǽſϷɡ
ˣһ۱ͿʱڹѿˡʱΧˣĿҲһӼеߡ


25 
ǶҪݣ׻Ӧǰⳡأ
Ŀһ֮󣬿ЦŵҲǵõʸģӦ㡮˵ȡɣ
˵ļΪȴõ֮ǰһĻӹһ˿Ƿ
˵ȣ˿
ٶһ΢΢̧ͷݡ
ݳһҡҡͷʵĲġ
ݵâ΢һӣ¶һ˿ЦâȻ

˫ȭͬʱǵǰؿϮȥ
飡
ӦʱҲûУʱУݺݵѪǱ˵ϣΧ֮ϣһ˪Ȼ֣
¶磬˻عʱѾȻأ

΢һݵ֮ͣŷӦ˹
Ȼˣ
˶ɵɵĿݡ
޼ӵ˵ǿ޼ҵ棡ǵϵүʿִ֮ʱҲǿͿֻΪ޼ҲŲȨġУͰִ֮ˣ˭ݸߵͣԿɱ
һ㣬ԼλȨصĵ
ȻڸղšǵǰִڵͱݸɴȭֱӴ˳ȥ⣬⡭
˶ĿɿڴʵϵҲûţݵƢƺƴ֮ǰų۰
ȭϵЦѾʧӰ٣鵭Įջ֡
ԴˣŻعһʱ䣬ȵôĵӣȻҶ֣
ִߣ˭λߵͣɱ
ʮʱһᣬҪ
˭Ҷ֣
ȻڴʱȴͻȻһȶ
˫Ŀ磬䣬һȣʱص֮Уֻ֮õһʼδע⵽ߵˣҲȻĻعͷ·֮Ĵſȥ
һ䲻ıȣھƿڶȻȻܱȵ似֮ҲһסģɫʱһףֵĿ
ЩԶǵѣʵ˭ûǿһȣʱõԴһɣ漴ʶͣ
ģ֮ʱһŻع漴˫Ŀ֮ٶӿŭ˵үǰɣִڣ㾹ȻҶľʿ֣֮޹ִߣݣ۵λԿɱΪǵϵͿ޼ɵ
˵ֱ׳˫Ŀ֮еŭڶȼԵΪ޼ңǵϵүҲǹġʱ˸ҶǶ֣ݣ
޼ɵĿĿһۣͻȻ˫Ŀһɣһָ˻ȵҿ޼ɵ֮ˣ㣡
˫ĿȻԲɣݶʱӿ𳱺죬Ѿŭ˼£
׼˵ȴᣬֱӺȵ㡭ڴ˴ִʲôڣɵʲô񣿣
˫ĿԲɣŭգ˵ȣ˭˵ȣݣ
ϼ֮ϣԵʵõڵʸ޼֮˶֪ҵ죬Ϊ˵ȡ˭ôĵӣۣԣϹ
ΪʿĪȨѵǸϹӵģʣӵȨ
޹ִߣݣ۵λԿɱһʲô˵𣿣
Ϊڼ壬ЧҼ壬ά幫ǹ֮ʦ޼ҵ֮񣡡
ʣǽΪϡ֮ʦĸ֣ϡ֮ĸ֣
һŭ̼֮صټ֮ϣԶߣҲԶͣ鲻ͣдԼУԶԶĳ߿
ݳݱŭֱǻһͷǡ
ۣ
ֻǻݳѪƬ֮󣬾ȻǡۡһĿһѪɫ԰ףĺˣŵĿֱָݣ
ȻǻԱߵĻȴһ֮ϾԶǴ֮ɫȻƬ֮һҲͨһʱػ
ǡ֮ЩȨΪά֮ʱԲηǿȨȻʱŭ֮ڻͷԼ¼ϳѪѵ
ЩԶǶʮʮĺӣ֮ѪʱУһɶԹ֮顭ֻ˱ϾҲ֮УǿǣǾƲùԽʾ֮£Żסݡ
Ȼһŭ⣬ȴõѵһԶǵͷ͵ȥֻΧѾΧˡЩ˶һ벻˼Ŀݡ
ûšһһֱΨΨŵŵķϲүı֮ʱԴǼҷ̶ȣȻǿ˹
ݱŭǰһ롭꣬΢Цɣ֪Ļ
ɫѾһƬ԰ף˫Ŀ֮еŭ죡
Ȼһ֮󣬱ͳݵǰŭֱݡ
Сղ˵ʲôҧгݣһһʵɫĹâ˸𡭡Ũ̶ȣ֮޺ֱͬն
ڰ˲ڣ
Щ߳ŭˡ
û뵽үȻˡƽ޸ܶ˶Ǹŭԡձһʹ⣬Ǵģ
̶꣬һɵߣȻλȨأ˵Ҳ޼ҵһѣȻôţ
˵ʵȴǵڰ˲ʵ֮ȴҪǿϲٰ˱ŭֻˡ
һ֮ʱȺ֮лĴ˿
ˣ󲿷ֶǷּӵܡǷּңҲ޼ҵүֻ޼ܹܶѣλߣϾ޼Ѫ˵ˣҲ޼ҵһū͡˵ҲһūϹѹ˵ͷϣټݸղŵһͨŭõΧ˶սϣѾд󲿷ֵˣվˡ
֮Ļеŭ𣬼ʱԽɣ
ĿͬɭĿеŭߵãϹҪҶ֣
ʵݲʱ͸ȴҪѿȴݱˡ


26 Ե̽
ݱͲʲôú㾴һߣҾһɡ㲻ҵ£Ҿ͵ǹʺӡȻĲӣһϼ֮Ҳڸˡ
˵ʵݲôڰ˲ڣȴǵ߲۷ԲֻҪõڰ˲ؼͿ׽ڰ˲㡭Ȼ似棬ҲĶ֡ҪɱȴҲס
οݸҶԡҶ
˫ĿͨĶݡƣԽԽʢһ˿˿ɫ֮⡭ˣѾһλҩͰֻҪһǣ¾Ҫ㱬ˡ
ͬ˾ɫĹâڳϫĳ̶ȣʵʮ㹦Ѿ֤Լ˲̶ȵķ
ȻҶǳȶʲôʧȥǵ顭
ݿɺûνġͷʱıɱˣǿһ˶ûС
һΧЩΧߣһҲĶųϡ
ʲô
ڴʱһϵȴͻȻеͬʱһŷĵطȥ
ԣ޴ү

ӹһ١ȻԵˣ£ҲҶݡϾͬҪɱ˭ɱ˱ҲɱˣûжӰ졭ȴҪ޼ҵ֮⡭
˵ٶҲЩ֮֮󣬱֪ΣݶȻû¶ˡ
һϵԻǰ˾ԶǸóһλáһɫƽϵĹŭɨ
ŭȻݡƬ֮󣬲һϵĽâɢȻݵгɱ
ȴɢȥ˻âݵĿ⿴ԡȴһ˿Ц
˰Ϸǳ˰ɣҲã˴֮ӵùһЩˡ
аš
ѾסرܡͻȻʱ򡭡Ѿˡ
޿ֵԭ򣬿¾󣬻һ˵ӰӣʣˣȻԣ
ԣѡ˱
ȻݵԸڡݾͷԷȵļһմԽȺūͳʱѡ̡ˮ֮ȴѡ˱
һԭ̬ƵòһԭѾӦ֮ߡ
ȻЩӦ֮֮УһЩƶĲ档ʵϣݽЩضѾ뵽ܶżȻһ𣬱ͱ˱ȻȻ֪˭˵仰ȴȷ
ڵΪΪ̽Ұɣ
ͷ֮ʣԣѾǰϵĿɨӶ֮󣬵Ȼô£
ЦתԹǡôӿһ˿󲮣Сֶܴ֮Ҫ⾫áϹȴ֪ԵʶСֶ
˵ķŭƽԵͫһ˲֮ȴǶĳһ¶˿϶
֮ͫеֻһ˲£漴ȴǻָƽһ֮ʵд£
жʱһݵķŭҲʱȴ˼֮£æ˵޴°үǰһԲֱڴ£ǽˣҹ
ޱ֮ˣݵĻ֪ǴԵͽԼԣԼ֮£ȴǾƲˡ
Ҷ֪һ£Լȴһ¡˿ʵΪ
üͷ΢һ壬ݵˣ
ЦȴŭһʢȵһԲһͿͿĻһܹܡϹô˵滹Һ˵˵ͼƭҴôߣȴǲ֪ϹΪҴпСϷ㵱ҴѾϺͿˣĵֶô
һֻ˫ĿȻ͹˳˫־ҵĲ޼Ҷ꣬ʲôʱܹһһϹǹѪͷǣǣ
ҧأĿ֮еɱ⼸졭
ԵɫҲ΢һ漴ȴǻָƽݿУȴǽ
ȣԣɾԵЩǳѲˡ
һ˵ļΪмɡȫǿ֮СϷһ㡣һֶ֮ΪԼҴ󲮻վԼһߵ֣ǽ˵ĺʽһʵʵ
ȻݺֻǲҶԼʲôȡһЩʲôҲǺпܵġ˵ڵʸ񡭡
ԣݾǵıóѡ
߼ĻӦǴ޳ܣȻ˵Ҫ֤˶šȻ֤˺ܶ࣬ݵĻˣ˭˭ڵ˭ʲô˸Ҹ֤¾ֱӿԡԵĺֻκһ˶ҪԵġ
Ҫô˵ˣֻʱҪ뱻֮СȻĪеġߡԼү׵үүۺпܻ滯⡭ֺαҪô鷳
ҲǳҪԸݣһ˵ԷȻҲ᲻Ҫļߵڰˡ
˵УǿɾͱˡֶҲϺͿˡȨ֮ڼ֮еҲǼΪҪġ˶֪ûʵһ¡һЩ֮٣˿ʵ֮һ¶ˡ
ģ˵ǿ϶ġۣʱǺܾ˵ġ
֮ǰ֮ۡһ˼֮󣬱ѾԿ϶ⱳ󣬱ȻƲġ
Ŀģ޷ǾǽԼڵŪԼɳ֮в͡һԣͬǺҪġݵò󲿷˵ͬﵽ죬Ҳã
⣬ҲŭһҪءҪᣬþ޼ͬԼƽ֮ǰԷЩ۹ơڡЩΧӵ֮ܵвѿˡ
΢üĿݣɫ޵֮ſȻĮֻһѡԺҪˡ
΢һȻȴҲֻܹǣ
Ե˵ͷһۣһ˿˼ŵˣݣɡ
ǡ
ݹĵ˵ͷԵ󣬳Ǵ֮ȥ


27 ǧ޼ҵҫ
߼䣬ȴЩдһᣬ׻ˡ٣磬ֵطʵݹ֮ϵĴڰ
ݺԼһǿߡҸԼô˵ֱɱ˱ҲˡԣҲֻܰġϧҪʱ䣬Ҫ̰
ţȻʧ˴֮ڡ
Χ֮ˣҲɢ˵֮ٶ󣬡ϲүŭʹϢӦò˶ãͻ޼´顣һЩ˵ȴҲ˹ݽһ˵һ顪ݣǷϲ

һΪľͥԺţйһϸʯС·һ¥Եǰ
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ο֮Ƿǵõһ޼ҵϵ֮еһԺ䣬õޱȵĻԼһѡ似ĻᣡЩûһĶѵġ
ԵĿɨһųഺ뼤ڴףҲָпʮǰҲǰЩһɣ
΢ҡҡͷһͳȻĴд
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Ѿ޼ҵĺĵӣڼ縺ҫеʹͬʱҲõ岻
ԻĿ˵ͷһеԽ
չأǿԽʥ֮ѡص䣬ͬʱ޼ҵϵӵһԺ䣬õһöһǵʵ
ԺѾѡص֮ǱͿסǵƣִƣɽ롣
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һ֣ʮƶʱλʱ΢һֽ˹ȥȥƿͣס֮ŷ֣ûа־
һٿصֶ¶ʱõ¶ɫԡ
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֪ԾԲܽƵ˳ȾͰźáֻΪЩվλãԼȶǲ֪ġȻȴƫ׾ٵ˻ּͳƣ֮УķֱӦˡҪεȵƿ
ȻΧЩڿ֮Ҳһ𾪵Ŀԡȸʢ
ƲԺǽϪƿдãҪܡ


28 ޼ܵ
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Ƿֱ䵽Ժַϸأ뿪֮ʱһ°ɡ
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ڻҪȵǽϪ֮ٷַǡ
ˣ
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һ϶˷ڴı顣
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ٺ٣ֺüԣ
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ҲԪ֣ҲǷŵ͵ʵ
ԪʱѿĺܣһЩ߷ߵĵǣȥ֮ʱδﵽ㣬ǵĲ۷壬ҵһͨǰġ⾫֮Ѱһ似ѰһΪĶƷ֮ʱõֵģȴǱһֱӴжȥвִӶ;ϹҾȴֱӱϹϳȥԵʲôȷּ֮ˣȽ뾫֮ҡȻھ֮гӶֱȡȥ뾫õʸ񡣡
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ҲΪѾﵽ˵߲۷壬ǵڰ˲Ҳֻһ֮ʶ֮Ѱ֮ҪһЩǷֲ¶ɫ¿һۣȴԪȻ˵˷ܣҲǸ˵ģδʲôرĸо
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ţ漴ȴ˴еõĵ߲ĳϫؼ
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޼ȻҲе߲ϳϫǿߣȻҲ֪߲ķݵҲΪһǴӴ˴ġ߲ķġ
ţǰͻȻͣ˽ŲǣȻҲͣ
Է֮ڵ½ѡص䡣
Գȵ
漴ֻáݡ̼֮䣬ǰĸ֮УʱʮӰһϢ֮һӻ˵ǰ
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ģȻôˡ
Щˣٶǵϵǿ߰ɣ
ǶʱЩɧһĿɿڴ


29 ϣһ
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ÿٶȡĽ˵Ҳʮסȴһ֮ڱͳߡٶȣƿֲ
ݵĿ⼯ЩϡЩһĿ޻Ȼȴһ˿â¾Զ͸һɱ֮⣡
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ݵĿʱýĿ⣬֮ϡ
һɫµߣͣǣ뷢԰סη·һ紵ܽһ㣬˫ĿԵûǲ˭˵ĵһۣ¶еֻһӵĺ˶ѡȻȴ˿Ҵ⡭ΪߣǱ򵥣
Ҳ֪ʥǺεأֵطôܻᰲһӵͨڴˣ
ΧԶ޼һľӢӣΪңڴʱҲǱֵļΪнȻ˶֪ߣͨˣ
˻ǵĿ⿴һۣƵ֮¶һ˿Ⱥ͵Цݣһ˰ɻã
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߻ǵĿһɨ֪ΪΣ˶ַ·һۿ͸ǵһĸд˶̲סһ
ݵʱݵҲȻӿ졭·ߵĿĪħһ㣡ֱҲ΢
񣡡ס
ף
ʱ˵ͻȻ¶Ĺâ̼֮ɢ١


30 ʥһ¥
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һЦǺǵĵ˵ͷת͵ֻص˴֮ڣʧ
ԴֱԷıӰ뿪ߣתꡣ
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΢һüȴһ㶡ЩȵĿⱾЩƵ鱾
Ӣĵã
ݺķ
Ƭ֮¶ȻԭһӢ޼˵ĵð
һ似Ҫе۷ɲ׵顣طҪ˵ġͬһ似ͬʹҲȻͬУ漰似򡭡
ʥ¼ص䣬ؼ޼˵ĵãҲС
һǿߵĵãں˵ǿѵõı顣ƾЩĵãú󱲵·
ֻЩȵⷭ˷֮󣬱ʧȥ¡
ÿ˵᲻ͬĵҲǲͬδ似ĵöҵҲûжô
ҡҡͷǱŻԭλϸѰ
Ѱһ۾ͻȻһӵŵмλãһ
ϫҵˡ
¶һ˿ϲɫⱾɫƤص䣬˿
ţ
ͻȻסˡ漴ȴ΢΢üͷҳһҳ
ϫ߲㡭Ȼûеڰ˲ԺĹ
ݳĬ漴Ŀȴǿ˵ڶ¥
޼Ҷʥ֮еص仹Ƿǳġڰ˲ϵķӦڵڶ¥˰ɣ
΢һ£漴ȴҲЩε̾һ
ܵõڵʸģ޼ҵūֶ͡Σ¾Щū͵İɣҪ뵽ڶ¥¾Ͳˡ
޼ȻҲūͽڵЩūҲȫķġԲŷֳһ¥¥˵׼¥¥ġ¾Ϊ˷ֹЩū̫׾ͽӴҪص䡣
ϲĻҪڶ¥»ҪһϵеĿ鷽пܡ
εҡҡͷֽеص˻ȥж޼ĽҲ˵ǸЦǸÿޡŤͷŷΧȴѾвٵѰԼǵĹһ˷ܣһĬǡȻҶ˵̰಻áҲȷġû˲֪Ҫ뽫һ似е۷һһϦģϾпҪϪʵʵĶս˭һ似Ҳڽսʱܶһս漸ʣ
ˣڶ¥붼ˡղһҲһ¥пܾǵ˶¥ȥˡڵʵóȻȥ޶·ڰ˲֮ķֻٵȻŪˡ
֪տǲܵõڰ˲ϵķݵҲõŵ£̧ͷǰܡ
Ѱһ似һ°ɡֻͨ似ҵ߲۷Բʵķӳ


31 ⾳֮˵
һλɱǺ̶֪ܴ϶ռ͵ϮıˡĹȶԷǳ䲻͵ϮõöԷòӲӲһֵġǹ棬ԷչԼ似ԵĲʵδһ򲻹ڡ
ϫĹڴ˴ݶһ¥似صҲʧȥһЩڴֻ´˴ռ似ص䣬ҲǿʲôطȥŪãЩ似ĺпǲȫġ
ô˵Ҫһ似ǺҪġ
ʱ仹в٣Ҫһһ׵߽ԼһȷȭƷʱӦǹ˵ġ
Կе֪ʱѡʱʱѾˡ
ڵ֮󣬱ҪǰϪ˵ޱƸϪϵӥ޴ǺޣҪһȽסȴҲǲҴ⡣
սиǽǶܣӴܣҲ̡
棬߽Ȼɱ޵ġϾҪûһЩҲҪʡһЩ޼սʱÿһҲǷǳҪġЩǰС˵֮УɲֹһεἰȻҪڡ
˵ȷȭƷ֮ġȻΪһݿɲ뵱Լ۶ϻʲôԵʶʧʱͻ״Լͱûϻˡ
ʵϣЩ֮дȷȭ֮ԼΪ似ġƺְֻĵĸоûаȫеĴԽڵһֻͨſš
뵽ռ֮ʱǿֵһն֮ҲģеͲñûռơ
Ϊ֮ʱ˵Ļڻʵʵѡ似ɡ
һ¥ڣղصĴ󲿷ֶǰ似ĵáֻٲǸ似
⵶֮ƽ
һĿȥ
飿м˼
ݵĿһµִϽǱ
Щؼݲ֪ǿΨһѡı׼¾ؼܷȤˡ
ǳɫ棬ȥΪӣȴǼȥ಻ʮҳӡ
ݺķ
ˮˮȻˮɴʯ
ʮأиˮ֮ԣǣˮ֮ƪ
ˮ֮⣬ǧ򻯣似С
һһĿȥ
鹲㣬֮ԣƪ򣬱ɴһ˿ˮ塭Ҳ֪ǲ
ˮ塭ôʱ䣬ݵҲ֪һЩʶνˮ壬Ǵ½ռ֮һУԶиԵ塭ֻǴŶѣδ˵˭е塣Ҳ֪Ƿ¡
֣˵ѧΪϳ˵İɣȴǳʥһ¥
ҡҡͷȴЩַ֡˼£漴Ρ
Ȼֻеһ㡭
ҡҡͷĿȥ
ʱ֮̾һ¶˼򡭡
ԭ鲢ĳ似˵ģǡ⾳Ȼ⾳ֶ׽ֻᣬȴ޷ԴѹֿȴȻ¼ڵһ¥֮СΪⲢ似⾳
ݺ飬ֽص˻ȥ
似δӴ⾳ֶԻЩ̫ˡ
Ŵԣ⾳гɣ似Ϳ°빦Ѿ´벿֣պҲܶ似УٵٶȲǡ
ݱ߱ţĿȻɨǰɫܡ
ʱʱ䣬ܿ죬һζ
ʱ䵽˶ɡ
ԵĮصʥ֮У֮ǰһƬ
е궼Ѿġϣץһʱǿ似ص䣬Ե£ЩҲòź벻ı飬صŻԭŴȥ
պá
ݳ³һ˱ʣġ似ص𣬷뻳УųŴȥ
ʱʮ꣬һٵĻصʥõſڡ΢ɨһۣŵ˵ͷ
¡һ춯ղŻŵʥôţıպˡǵΧ˶ʱһȡûпڰôԼͱպˣ
ȴǳʥ΢һŵ߰ɡ˵꣬תʱ֮·ȥҲæȥ
ٶ˰Сʱҵʱ䣬ص˾֮Сתꡣ
ˣӽǱ޼ڵһˣҪŬУ޼Ҷǵһࡣ
ǣ깧Ӧ
Ե˵ͷʥ֮ڵ£⳯˵𡣡
ǣ
ţˣǸԷԺλã͸ԷҰɡµʱ䣬ǱҪϪϣץʱúõнյõ似ϪϣΪ޼⣡
ǣ
õӦеĵ˵ͷת뿪
ʥõص䰡ɵץʱ䣬ȥúϰһǣ
ղŴү˵ʲôϪϣΪ޼⡯֪ôŶ
ĪϪϻʲôɣ
Ըߣͷ׷յǼ¼ǸԱԺֽǰЩɻ˵
Ϊǵ飬оҲΪǴδ̸Ͳ֪Ǿʲôˡ
˵ĲǻǺúõһ¸ոյֵصɡӥ޿ޣʱ²ǿġ
˵Ĳλǣ֮ټ
룡
Ƿ׷׼ԼıԺλ֮󣬸뿪˾á
֣֮ټˡ
Ԫݸ˵
ã֮ռ
һһ뿪Ҳǿ˿ԼԺλã漴
պڻȥ·ϣȥȻٽ̵˽ӹ
һ֮ݵ¶˼Цݡ
Ϊү˴뱲ӣռˡү壬ΨһģòҲɡүԸԼһǵĺˡ
뿪õʱѾ֪ȥݲδ⡣һ·гٵ˻̸ŽŭԼֱʹԷϹ顭ϸһЩһ˿ЦҲ⣬ʱ֮·ȥ
˴޼ҵ¥̶ȣܴе޼ūŮ֮֮ǰıԵ֮ȴǲ֪Ҫǿ϶ˡ
ݳͥԺȥ
ľ֮ϾԶŰѩԵѩ֮еĴܵεˮ·ҲżŸͷﾭ֮ʱһͶԼ죬񡭡
˴ͥԺ޼ҽȺΪܼĵص֮һԶ޼ҵи߲


32 չ
Լ޼ҵĵλӦҲ˲˰ɣ
ϴЦݣ˲ãڵִֽ֮ϣ¼ΪԼͥԺ֮ǰ
һվڴ֮⣬Ŀбӡ޼֮Ҳ׷ײĿգطвٵԺ䣬վЩҲȻ֪־ʲôȻⲻҪ࿴ۡʵԽڵģ¶˼ۡ
ݽ΢һ£漴ǰȥ
ʱЩʿ֮ǰ
һݵüͷ΢һ£Ŀ⣬ʱеһΧɫԵýȻͬɫ֮˵ϡ
˺ǿ
һۣжʱ˼ֽ
ԵĴ˵ʵֻѾŲ㣬ﵽ˵ʮ㣡
ǿߣ޼ңҲǾģ
֮ϲɫȴ΢һ²Էݡƽ˶Է
һֵʱʿĿ⣬ϡɫ׵ĻȻҲǿĮȻʲôϲŭݲ˵Ҳ˵
ͥԺ֮⣬ͳֵһĻһ꾲ɫ׵Ļɫ׵ĻΧڿ׵Ļͬʱꡭ
·޼ˣʱҲǷĹŹ֡
ǲڡ
ǲųչǡ
֪ˡŽھŭֻһСӳĵѪ֮ǰһΪٴԣˡڣֻչˣѰݵ鷳ˣ
ٺ٣СҲ֪е˵㣬ڵΪԼ޵УվȻܹܡΪû˸ҶˣߣС˵־
ô˵ǰʱԼ鷳ˣݸδȴٰѡ˭ûֻȻǿ󣬵ǣֻ¼ҲݵġϾݿɲǰķϲˡˣǼĵء
Χʱһ֮һЩˣɴͣ˲ڲԶĵ·֮ңңΧ
˵޼˭ͷ죬˶Ҫ˵ˡ
ϼ޼ӵܵǰͷʮķϲñȡѾ𾪲ɲˡڽ죬ԷŭֱܹܵϢǴķ׷
Ȼ͵һΪݲηǿȨǣֵôҾ塣ŭ֮ԴǴʷֱָëʵǴġ
ȻҲвмһΪûʵʱΨΨŵŵС΢һмʵβͣΪ޵У˶УС˵־ѳɴ
ҲãмҲգ֮һǿԿ϶ġݣѾ޼ҵˣ
ɫ׵ĻĮݣʱţȴҲżĿƽ͵֮ӡ֮ɫ׻΢һ˿ȴ¶һ˿
ãĶӡ
׻΢Щ˻ƵĴԣΪ˵仰ȴ¶һЦݡ
΢üͷҲ¶Цݣͷųǰˡ
׻ԴŲЦ㲻ңǰҲδ°
һЦ֮ǰԣ޼ҵĹ֮ʦ֮񡭡бȻҲһЩȺ֮ųԵ⡮Ⱥ֮еһΪػ֮Ϊ޼֮ˣΪҪأ
׻ʱЦ˼˼˴δ콧ϻȴǻˡСҲûˣ
Ŀ΢΢Ц
ˣԺͽˡūͣ⻹ҪԼȥѰūŮˡչأѡʮūͣʮŮԼһܼҡСӣҿ㣬úаɣպлᣬ콧֮ʱٺúģ
չЦľĿһۣһ֣ʮɫ׵Ļʱǰ·֮ųһСݻ˻֣һɺڼ׻ﳤȥ
⣿
ΪкϷΧȴͻȻһĻŪһ㶣һﳤȥЩӦ
չ˵Ƣһţϲŭֲ֪һ
չʮһϵֶӣǰͬϵΪǿϣûΪݰɣ
Χ߷׷۲²⡭
ȻѾɢȥЩȻҲɢˡɢ֮ʣȴһ̸ֱšò˶ã޸Ҳ֪ġ
վͥԺ֮⣬չﳤȥıӰȴüͷ΢
콧ģҿɲǵʲô̸İ
°ͣ漴Цһ
չЩ˼
Ȼת̧ͷ˴֮ϡ
Ժֵǲ
¶Цݣһ̤Ժ֮С
Ժ󣬱Լˡ
ټͥԺ֮һʯС·̽һ֮С֮䣬С֮ͤͤ£һϪʶϪˮ峺һȺˮϷˣȤζʮ㡣
ݻߣܡ˳Ƭ֮󣬽һʯţʯ֮󣬱һԺ䡣Ժһǣһ֮ľڴ֮࣬һʯ뼸ʮΡ֮ʱڴ˴ƣҲһ¡
֮Ǵִľֱֱ̽ݶд汻ѩһ㣬Ե۶в֮ⷿĺԺһǣһǡʱ֮Уȴƥ
һͥԺ֮еֲķҷ¶Цݡ
˻ǻܡҪǻڵһ޴µıԺֻ¼۸Ҫǧ˰ɣ
ǰڵҲֻһͨͨĴѧѣסҵ׷ôһԺ䣿ڣһжģ
ҲЩ̲סҪô̸˸ˣݵҲٳɣ뿪Ժ֮ǰľס֮ȥ
һϲġ
š

˵𣿽үŭˣȻĻҲǴһ٣ڿһһϹĽܹܡܹѾˡ
ţ˵ˣѾķзүҪãЩȴ鷳ӶŭʱĶеˣүŭء
٣ǰܹܰүˣ˲µʱҲû뵽үȻзһɣ
˵ܽڵүСǣһԺءүǼϣ¾ǸǷԺɣ
ǿɲǣ򰡣һһǰʱȥһΡķӿɶǾݻĺܣǿˡû뵽үȻķˡ
үһֱʾͲֻΪδ֪ԭһ̵ֱġЦǰһֱЦҪǼƽϣֻѾ˲֪ٴ˰ɣ
ס֮⣬·ū͵ǵͰƽ֮ʱ϶ʱӿ𼸷š


33 סԺ
үĴ̡
үһֻⴺ̣ҲҪȥ˰ɣ
̴˳Դֵǵĳ֮δע⵽Χū۵Ŀ⡣
һºñҲǽŴ˳
ô̵ģҲǵǣĿһ֮󣬻ǿο̹Ҳ̫ġү࣬Բµġ
ȴҡҡͷ̷ү꣬ۿүЩͷȴձ͵ū֪һαүΡ˵ȴҲ˵ȥǵǵĿԶָҲʶĽŤһ
ܹܡͨ޼ū˵ǿĸ߸ϵĴһ仰⣬ͿЩ޼ҵĵλȷ̫ΣҲѹִżˡ
ʵֺγż˵ھˣͶʱŵҲԲˣϽܵⴺˡȻ˵Գ棬ƺѾûʲô¶ˡʲôˣ˭ܱ֤º󱨸ݻܲ˾ģ
ӦòġϾүҲǼĵҲչ¶ʡδظġ
ҲֻοԼ봺ˡ
̾һĵȴȻδȥԶ
֮󣬴̵۾Ȼһ¶ϲ֮ɫæ첽ǰӭȥ״һ㶣̧ͷһ漴ҲĿ¶ϲɫæȥ
ֻ֮ϣһϮװݣ
үүû¶ɣ
һ͵ǵʵ΢һô̵ı飬΢һ˼֪ԷĵԵɡͷһůæЦſο̣û¡Ǻǡ
ӭϣ¼һݣȷʵûʲôˣŷ黹ǵǵĵڸĴүʱҲҪ΢һ¡ĳʲô£θүС㽻
̵ǵȴδʲôЦẉ̂İɡһϹѣġ
˵ţƺҪ˵ʲôæ˵˴̣ҵԺѾҹǽȥġԺҲ˯ֵͰͨҲõķˡ
һ㶣漴ӿ˼ָжỨ£ȴϽ˵ͷ
̾һⴺ˴뱲ӣΪ⡰ү䲻үռӣ봺Ϊ࣬⡰үĴ̣ҵĴ̡ͽҰɡ
ţЦһ£ʵ̣пҪʰһ뿪ⷿӿܾҪסˡ
޼󣬵ÿһȻҲԼ;ġ봺̰ȥķӣȻҪ˾סġ
̵˵ͷҲһЩϸȥʰʰȵȡ˵ţ첽ŷȥ
ʱͷԴһ˿ڴǰĻү
΢˵ͷ¿֮˵Ըһͬ뿪
һʱڵأūԸ⣬ūԸ⣡
ݵ˵ͷ¶һ˿΢ЦˣɣôˣǲÿӽҲ뿪͵һܼҰɡ
޸Ĺܼң޸֮иԺĹܼңͬ˵Ժ֮еĹܼңԺ֮⣬֮ˣûʸٹǵġ˵ʵǿ޸֮˵ǵĻôǹܼҵݣҲʱͻ޸֮гȻǼҲûֱӵȨԸԺĹָֻܼš
ĻҲ΢ллүأллүأ
ղŻǡүϾ͸ĿΪү΢˵ͷȻ˼֮Ҳɿá
ǽүɡݶԡүνʵЩ̫ϰߣԺ֮෿࣬ͽļһͬȥɡ
ǣлү䣡
Ҳִ֣ϸĿڡ֮ͨѹֵ˷뼤
ݼģʧЦȻҵĹܼңպĹɵúúΪôһС±㼤˹Цô
Ӷʱһһһ棬ȴһ˵ļԺ֮з
һӵūˣһֱδӡǰݣͱŶһѵ˼ճɹĳΪΪε¡񣬶ԷǸһԺܼҡְ
˵Ժܼң˵ܹܵ˿ܻûܹܵ˶࡭ݵλ֮ϣȴȫֻͬΪĻģ޼ҵϵүݡһҫ
ԼүأԼһᣬôԼ;ܶ棡պٸ֮ۡУһЩʲô飬һͣǽݡүԵˣ
үʲôʱ϶ŵǷݴݵЦݣǸе硣
ү̻塣
һ֮㽫֮ϵ˷뼤ѹס֮Ȼ͸¶һ˿ĳݹ
ݿһۣ¶һ˿ЦݣҲͲᣬվڴ˴ĵȴ
ΧЩūͣʱѾվԶģ׿ݵĿ֮УǴżη塭ǻǵǵ鷳
ȴ˲ʱҲˣһСĸϽӭȥϵСӹ΢һ㶣ݵ΢Ц룬ҲˡӭǰẈ̂ĸ󣬱ͳ֮ȥ
˶֪һݲķˡ޼Ŀĵϵүݣ޸ġϲүݣѾΪ˹

Ժ֮УݵѾ˴˴
ԺūŮԵüΪ徲ݵĲΧľ£δ˥֮ϣҲӿһɼ
޸Ժ̼֮ҵүۡҲǲ˶˰
̼ңֻ춼һСѣ֮޼Ҹһһ£ȫûпɱԡǰСŮȻҲȥүĸۡġ
үǲƼգүС֮飬ҲɰϢˡ
ţһºЦݵݣһУ𡭡
ǶүС㻹ڡǸöð
ģС㡣Ц֮УҲһ˿Ứ
̣Ժסɡ
סԺ䣬ݽ̴һķ֮Уⷿɹ⼫ã͸ͿԿԺ֮еСˮ±ţҲá
áһүС
֪ݵһƬТģҲ֪ǾֻܾҲᰲסȻܡ
¶Цݣ˵ͷȻŤͷˣжʮūʮŮҪԼȥˡƹȥɡ


34 
˵ţݴϣϸոմеõɫ׸Ͻǣ˵꣬תȥȥ
޼ҼҴҵټһۡûרŵĲŹĻֻѾˡ⡰󡱣Թ޼ҵճūͣŮλãȵȵȵȡ
̣ٴĴ߰ɡԺҲôˣʹѡŮɡ
ݲŴЦŶ˵ţߴԺ֮ϸϸĹ
ԺȷС֮봺ǰסķӣ֪Ҫ϶ٱԺ䣬ǽֹ˽ģһūŮ֮ģǲôԺＫΪġūŮסôԺҲоӣǡôƽ˼ȷǼΪʡ
˲ʱ㴫һϸܵĽŲ봺ͬʱͷŶʮūԼʮŮ˽
үˣˡ˺ү
봺ǰȻһ
ūţŮˣүһūŮʱҴ⣬Ļһ
΢ϵЦݶ˼⡭ȻģԼ˼ֱӻΪˡ
ȴǱƺŪЩ֪룬˫ֲ֪ʲôطš΢˵֮󣬴ȴǿݣжʱʪһЩ
æ͵͵ᡭҲǡˡˣɲǰʧ
̣㿴ЩŮģûУȥ»һ
ЦŶԴ˵
ȻѾүүȻҪеġ
˲ˡһʱ仹û취⡰ˡݣ΢ЩҵĻ˻֡뵽ʲôȺ͵Ŀ⿴ʮ鶼ЩãŮͷһʱ㱣·ֻصǴѩ׷֮ҹ̼Ҹ֮ۡСԼҲЩһ
жʱº͵˵Щӣ
˴̵ĿޣʮŮ΢һЩ̧ͷȴҪ͵͵̧ͷı飬Ȼŵģ
ЩԺ֮еŮĻԺͻԶȥˡһƢӣǻùһЩ˿̱ӣǵˡ
⣬ūͣŮǵȫԼ˳ˣ
ЩŮɲǰıԵ򿴵Щ輶ɱȵġһԶǶ˷䣬òΣü˳Ŀģǿϧ
ǰҲֻһͨҵѧѣЩŮȻʲôޣᣬҲСŮ𡭡ǰǰֵܣܲȹʺҵһǵǺ졣ڣЩСŮȴһһſվǰԲһЩȤζˡ
ݲЩпͬòͬ࣬ͬʱգͬݣλҲȫĲͬⶫ
̣ѡŮɡݸпһ֮ҡҡͷ¶΢ЦԴ̵
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ѡŮݱŴ߿ͷ羰ȥˡ˵ֹ֮£ᰲŵ׵ġ
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ЩūһҲüĿСˣվǶԶ
Ǵܣòͣūǲġ򣬱ԽȣԽȴǿֱӴģɼūݵλһֵˡ
ݼ֮㻹Сүļ䣬ȻôϰߣȴҲûǿǡ̱ǲԸֲִݣλ֮ϡ
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ݸ̼һˡҲЦŽ˹ȥڿг
һЦԺ˼ڣԱ߶ʱŮеľȻ˵һԡип⸻ˣȻǻܡ
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ݻȻ˵ͷ漴ȴ뵽˵Լһ⵰ءôʱ䣬ûļĻʲô
ԼԼԺ䣬ҲӦҵǮˡ˵պʲôҲһЩ
Ѿ޼ҵүȻٱ㡭ǰλͣǲ뿪޸Χ֮ġҪϽֵĻȻҪõǮˡ
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үޱС
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΢һü漴վԴЦƽˣȥ
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ݼ״ȴһ㶣漴ȴе뷨̾һŮˣȻҲĺܡ
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Ī˵Ժ֮У޸֮УĵλҲκηС㣡
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Ժ⣬ޱƽ촩һðȥ޶ˡһž֮ϣΪΪƽ˼ɫֻ֮£ȴһ˿֮ɫü΢
ޱһŮŮȥʮ꣬۾Ŀܣбһİ


35 ׼
ƽ㣬˰
ȴУݵ𣬲ʱɫӰͳޱƵǰ
ޱһݣʱüǵ˵Լ濹ˣûʲô°ɣ
һ㶣漴ͷȴ΢һůͷЦû¡ллƽˡ
ݵı飬ޱȴҡͷ̾ȴЩ̫嶯ˡ޼ҵλΪȻϹǼΪܵԵءյǣֻǲưոݰ
˵ţޱٶ̾ƺҪδһ㡣
ͷůȴЦƽ㣬Ҳ³ç֮ˣȻұͲǵı㲻õĵġ
һ˵ޱȴЩ㵡̧ͷЦݣͷĵǵҲɢһЩ֮ͷȻԼģҲͲٶˡСݣʲô£һҪһʱҡ㣬£
ͷ΢һȻĵ˵ͷޱƣ㡭⣬ǽ㰡
ͷޱϵıɢ˼֣¶һЦݣˣҲ˵Ǹˡ¼ңҲ֪֪ͨһһͨ˲˵ţȴǴһ˿Թ
⡭ٺ١ݶʱεͷϽתƻڳͣƽҲԵɣ˵ţÿһ·ޱƿۣ漴εЦҡҡͷȥˡ

ôţޱҴ˼ۣͻȻһЦ
ǣҲͦã˵Ժһ㶼Ǹڶ׼ģ֮ôԺģǲడ
ͷ΢һ漴ȴЦдҲаζɣʵϸտԺ䣬бЩ뷨ˡޱһ˵ͿԿ϶ˡ
Լʮ޼ҹʲôû˲֪ԼֳһǱȻҪһԼˡ
ǱֿסĶǡĪͷĴڣ¾ֵüȥˡ
꣬㡭ⵤҩĺܡ֪ͷԼʲôϵܲһԼô
ޱƵӵֱˬҲǿ˼İ֮⣬֮еĳȴǲΡȻǲм̬Ȱɣ
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Цҡͷٶ˵ʲôޱԼŮߵò͵Ĵ֮
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Ѿ֪˵⣬ôأС㡭
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⡭΢ижȴ֪Ǻá
̣ƽһ⣬°ɡ
һԵЦſˡ
⡭ðɡҾˡЦ۾죬˵һ֮ĵһ죬ҲǺΪ
үǼСҲһءŮȴǳ˵ˡ
ŶݾЦҵķݶô
ǰҲǰЩһͬءЦţǴ֮УȡһСݸݡ
򿪰һȴЩжⴿֹëƤûмĹɲ˵ġû˵ѣȷǰȥġ
˵ޱƶʱ򣬲֪ʵɼģΪ£ԼˣʲôСֶΡ
ллƽ㡣ЦŵлޱȴЦҡҡͷû˵
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¶ȼ֮֮ͣ⻹Ҫϼ֡ϸ۲ĻԿΧĿѾ΢һЩ䡣
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ϫ߲۷Բûеڰ˲ķȴ޷ͻơ
εҡҡͷɨһ֮󣬴Ь´е˴ǰ鰸֮ǰ棬İڷ鼮ֽź£Ȼ顣
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ʥġˡơޱƷ֮ص䣬ͽ似ġ˳ϾûеĻһֱֻʱճˣһЩҲһ¼Ҳ䡣
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ݿ˼֮󣬽ջ˻Уղءȵȫѧ֮󣬱ͿԻٵˡ
Ѿ̽ңڰҲڹעʱ䣬ҵǿ԰ĵ似ˡ
ھô֮ǰһĻȴ¶˼ЦֶΣ˶ѿֻԼ鷳ҲԻġƾػԵԵ˼Ц֮ԷһһϣѲΪɵģ


36 ʨ
ңһҲ̵ĶֺˣͻȻӷϲҡһһСţֻҲ˯ž̽һҲ
ţǰޱ˵ĻԵֻ¶Ѿ˸һԣŻյһ̽ԼǻġԼǿӲ̬ȣֻȻǻģʱȴǲԼˡ
һǿĪĺܣԼˡ
Цһҡҡͷƿţȴ뿪˷Ժ
ҿɲЩūͣŮ֮ûаʲôߡǰǲСɽܴ󣬵һеĺó
񻹿һ˵Ĵ֮ϣţ£ȴǳǺɽȥ
ѩɽɽһƬѩ磡Ȼʱջ磬ɽеѩȴõɫѾࡣ
ݵ˴˴ʱȴ΢һ¡ֻΪںɽĵطȻкЩ˶ڴ˴š󣬵֮ǰԵüΪۡ
ݵҲȥһ˭Уûжĸϵ֮ȴǳŵմ̴ȥǸСɽ𡭡
һСʱңҪΪ̵Ľ̫ԵʡȻйʲôϾĹӣʮ֮СɽͷѾˡ
¶һЦݣټӿ˼ȴͻȻͣ
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΢Ĭһ£Ȼҡҡͷ̸Ϻ벻ޡҵļУһƬհסһ֮ȽȽԶ⡣
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ݵɫʱ΢һ¶־Ŀۡ
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˵꣬ӷݵУٶŤͷǰķĹ֮̾һתΡ
תΣ֮ǰȫı֮ɫʱһɨգη·һ˲ͦ˼֣΢һ֮ͷԼ米֮ϵѩʱƮ¡һ̣·ǵռǸ޼ҵļʨۣ
ٶĿһۣ۾뿪СɽͷݶıӰֱȫʧ
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һʮ޼ҹһʮ֮󣬷ּӵܣҲ½½뿪޼ҡǵ뿪δ޼Ե徲Ͼ޼ұ˿ڼҲǧҡൽһ̶ֳȣһʱҲԵöôտ
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ʱҲ⣬ԴǾ֮ŭһ֮󣬱Ҳûв۵ڸУʶūͻŮҲ̸ϼ䡭ݵǴ̩֮Ȼأݵĺܡ
ޱƸݵĸƥȻ㲻ʲôǧ󣬵ҲһߡҪʲôطȥòжȥʵʧϵүݡ
ݵʵˮɵĽ뵽˵ڰ˲㡭ڰ˲ķȷΪӣʮȻҲֻǹ˵ڰ˲ڵΪ۷ԲҲ֪Ҫʱա
似棬ٶʾʣ̶ʮգ似ѾеСɣ
֪ݵнȣֻ·ǵýͷҲȥɡ
֪似Զʥ֮еص䣬Ȼƣ̶ȴǲ͡Խ似ص䣬еѶҲԽ󡣾ʲ֮ˣµʱܽ似֮еһǿеСɵľ磬¶ѾǼޡȴͬޣŶﵽСɵĳ̶ȣ


37 ֮ɶ
ٶȣáݣʵҲ֪ˡ
ݹƣȵǰϪʱӦܴﵽгɵĳ̶ȡ˵ɡûЩ似ĺҲǴﲻɵġ
ݵȥۡ۵ı֣ƺҲǴ֮еǰᣬп»һЩۡҲΪ֮ľǣ֮Ǵͷ
ݵռĿ߳޼ң½һֹһ⾫ʵ硣ʵڲԸ۴򽻵ȻԷϵүүڶԶԷûʲôиС۸ؼҲֻ۶ӡүһ˿ǸѣȻ飬ʾѾΪ۾үүˡ
ʲô˵үүֱϵѪԵеųеصĺܡ
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Ӱ͵ڿնڿеĺӰͻȻ˸һɫĹâȻâһţȴͬܵʲôǣһ㣬˲۵Ӱ֮ϡӰƣƿ֮²Զ֮һʯȻȥ
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֮У߽ܷܳٵâĹؼ㣬˵ɲ꣬ȻֻᣬԴᣬ꽣̼ͿԳΪǿĹֶΡ᲻꽣ͨĽҲû˿Ĳ𡭡һؼʲôأ
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һ׺Ȼը죬ݵͻȻȻһ֮УͻȻӹһ˿ϲ֮ɫһХȻдΣˣ

ݵη·һ˲䣬֮УΣ·һ˲֮ʵĲʵһ㡣ЯžҵĽ֮죬֮ϣʱһδйľɫâ̶ȣԶƽУ
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ݵ۾ͬյյеĳĳһ̣Ȼ

ܼ˼µĽâƿն˵â·Ҳʧȥɫʣ֮䣬֮У·ֻһɫҵҫĿ
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䣡
ɽһ㣬ٵϯǰʮɵλãıըһ֮˱ʯɣһ֮·ҪҲ˲͸һ㣡
ˮʯ˭˵ˮϵϵǿ˼ȴ˼ּͣµĺãµĺð
أȻһſ֮ϣȴǲ԰ֽһУȫһ˲ȫģ
ݵȴ˷ܣޱȵ˷ܣ
֮Ȼǲͬ죬ͬ찡
ǿ󣬱ȴʫ黭⡭ڴ簡
˫˸˲ұӵĹâЦ
ˮ֮壿ᵽˮ֮壿ˮ֮֮һָдָһǿ֮꣬һҪﵽһҪ


38 ɶ
ݽšȭͷ˷ס΢΢šãǿƽסԼٶȿһһƬǽСɽͷСɽͷһǣһ֮£Ѿһʯڣ
꽣̫ˣһ֮£ȫ·𶼱ȥһ㡭ԺҪ֮ǡ
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ţݵɫȴͻȻ΢һ˲Զ޼ң֮е˷ܶʱ΢һ
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΢һ֮ȴǽϵĽʰ
Ū̫ˣǾЩˡڣǱ¶Լʱ򡭡
ΣСɽһĶȥ
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Կ壬Щ޼ҵĵϵ޺ޱƵˣȻС
Ǳںɽ֮УղŵĶȻҪϹһġ
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˵һϣһΣѾ޸ȥ
ǾȽϽ޸˴˵ҲϣǿߣҲԲĵߵĶ
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ݻصԺʱѾϼ졭Ȼ˱꣬ʱȴǷˡϼ졣
Ȼ뿪еĵطһɵϵΪСɽƻδ⵽ص򸾷ĹСɽϡ
ʵһʼ似ݾ뿪򸾷ĹСɽֻΪ似СݲԸƻ򸾵ķĹ
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һʱ䣬ݶڻָʵ̫ɽ֮ǰָĲҡ
꽣ȻˣʹһΣҪظ쵽졭ǱУȴǲá
ţڲʹǡɶ꽣Լơ似Ҳ㹻ݶԸ˽µˡϪϵޣǿҲ˽׵ޣʹõĻᲢ࡭
˼䣬ݻص˷ԺūͶʱ񣬵һЩǱݣȴЩɻ󡭡һ꣬Ȼ˲ҲԵЩǱӡ
һ·еԺ֮С
̼һǱȻһæ׷ʡȻһͣ¹۲죬ȷԷδˣȻȻҪĵһˡ
һµʱ䣬Ҳϰ˷ݡϾҲǴСߵŮ̬֮󣬴ҲȻȻһɵӺȡ
ˣƽȴδҵ˵Ȼܡ
ĵ˵ݼ֮󣬴̲˵
Ŷõģȥϴһ̣ȥԷɣϾ
΢һ£ݲŵ˵ͷ˵ȻԳԼסȥ

ϴһڲʱޱѾˡߣȻǸѾͷһݣʱүǼСһأʲôطȥˣ
ȻޱƵϲͬãޱ֮ˣҲʮη塣һμݾ͸ҿСЦҲηݡѾϤˡֻоүԼС㻹Ҫƽ׽һЩ
ݸЦСѾͷԽԽûˡǲҪбƽúõĳͽͽǣ˵ţѾߵߡ
ߡͷǼСˣŲء
ݶʱЦ˳СѾͷҲ޶УΪݼڰɡޱ׽Ȼⲻ˶ҲΪ硣
үš
һŮϽǰӣ˵
Ŷлл
ȻȻЦ˵ϾǴԽȻҲֱ׳Ůǵķ񣬵ϰԵĻ˵һлл
ҲˣЩŮūҲԵĸеˡݼΪ
޼ҵϵ֮УǸүЩū˵һллƾһ㣬ĿеλñԲͬˡ
Ůɫ΢ĺһҲȥ
ޱƣתͷݡ


39 ֮⣿
СݣȥʲôطѰһҲδѰޱüʵ
ͷ΢һ漴Цһֱںɽаƽ㣬ʲôô
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Ȼһȵ£ˣ˵ҽչȥɽʱ򣬵ȷǿ˶ʲôҲδСôĪǷʲô²ɣ
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ޱ΢üͷ˵ͷյȷǷһ¡ƣһδ֪ǿߣ뵽޼ҵĺɽˡ
ǿߣȴ΢һˡôˣ
ޱƼݴ㵵ı飬ϸ˵ţںɽУвһ֮󣬱ɽĳһ졣һʱ棬ѭǶȥ̽һ
˵ޱƵı¶˼𾪵ĶһСɽͷһ࣬һǿˮϵȫʯڣ޷ƻˣʵпʮڣǿߣ
꽣һ˿ɶܷӵȫڰ˲ķ룬˿ɡ
ޱһ˵ȴüͷȻпǵʮڡΪ˵ʲôǿߣ
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ޱ˼Լ߸ȥ
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꽣ȻÿҪȫʵڲܹСһ˿ɶĸȴǲٴСպ󣬶ҪúõĹ۲һˡ
ţһ˫ϣڰ˲ĳϫת

һʱգȻȻͶ뵽Щ֮С
ȻʲݸǣõʣҲҪᶨ֧ţпߵ۷壡
ÿһн֮ջ񡭡ÿһΣʹһ似ݱͶһĵáԼʡ似ӵ̶ȣȻÿһεõĵû٣ǻٳɶࡣ˵Ժ󼴱ûкĹԼҲȥǡԼһŸ似Ҳδ֪
ҲǲܡϾÿһ似ı󣬶ŵһߵġȻ˶ܿΪݾͲУ
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үϪϣҪһСİ
Ժſڣݵ֡ˮ涡ݵһγţһϪվܲģ
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40 ׼
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ǰݵԭǿ˶ԷǱôµҹദѾĽݵүݵͣݵ׽ݵΣһү׳Լҳϡ
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νƽƽķ
Ȼһūͣе֮ȻһвͬǸһտ䳤ϵλãҲǲɡ
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С飿΢üȻҲ˵ޱ֮
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΢һüͷļΪͦЦ֮дǡô飬׵¶׸˺øС
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Ҳǲİ֮Ҳм塰ơĶӡܿʵףѾﵽ˵߲ڵĳ̶ȡʮ߲꣬ڡʣ޼ҶԣҲǼΪˡ
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˵ţָŴŮЦ㡭ЩԽ㡣
¶һº͵Цݣ˵ͷҲ΢Ц
޾޴䡭󡭡
һһĸݽţЩ˶ݵ̬ȶ㼫ΪƣЦŴһкȻҲ΢Ц񡭡
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϶ʱһ㶣漴εҡͷЦųݵУСĸ鳤Ըʮɱ⡣
ݶеľߺøУһЦиֱˬôأʮ֣ƽͨСݡԺҲҰɡ
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һЦиͷİɣٲҪ鷳㡣
۾һٺЦŵ˵ͷҲٶ˵ˡ
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һʱ䣬ΧҲͻƢԱͲܸоĳС˶ҲǼΪѺãȻҲڵĽ̸
Ƕʮഺ٣ϲѵ䡣һ̸ͨЦ˴֮һЩİУƬ֮ҲʧӰˡ
ʱ䣬ַΧ֮лĶȹ

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̸һͻȻݵҲĿȥٳԵ֮һڽٳ֮Ȼֹ
Ŀһۣ漴¶ЦݵӰ
үˡҲ̧ͷһۣ˵ͷ
вǼĵϵȻ˽壬ǽСү
Ҳڿţһ󲿷ֶĻһˣʮģһƥߴĺɫ֮ϡǿ࣬ݱ֪ԱԼµһƥϲֹһΡˣ޼ҵڶеˣ
࣬ԴЦݵҡ
ң֮ӡ
˶ϣСӳСԱ
һڶȵٳ϶ʱͣȥȺȻȻǻǰÿһʮ׵Ŀհ׵ش
ҹȥһˡ˴һкǰȥ֧СĶӳ
Ⱥ֮Ув˶ǻķȥʱǻǰհ׵شѾվˡ
С鳤㱨СԱһۣûǰ㿪˵


41 ɳ
1С鵽룡
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2С鵽룡
3С鵽룡
4С顭

ڵС飬ǵ3С顣
56С鵽룡
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˵꣬תߵҲǲתû֮ϲȥ
ӴүǸɴ࣬ϲЩĵôɴ۾ʱһЦ˳
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ǰѧһֻҪǸͼᣬôðɣУУ̵Ρһһ쵼һǰСʱһСʱСʱϡѧ˵ȷĥ
λү˵Ǹɴĺܣϣ㱨ȻһϻҲûУֱӳȷ˲ɶֺø
һʱ䣬ٳϵ˶ǲƥеľ£Ϊ׳֮ۡϣһūľѾÿԶЩеκһƥܵţǵĽ֣¶Ϊҵ
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һ޼ʵĴ󺣲ڶɿ֮ϣʯ̾Ͷɵĵ·ʵƽһҾ޴ľƴ󴬣Ŀڰߡ
ġޡֽ죬Ʈһֻʮֻ󴬵ĴӴͷ֮ϡ
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Žޣ൱ںŲ۷ǿߣǿߣֻ´콧ϣˮƼطɱޣħսءǿѵüһεġ
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֪޼үˣһ춼֮Уү붼Ǳ¥֮ƣ뿪֮ʱҿһۣ
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޼Ҳǧң̾Ƿ񡭡֮еǿߣҲǶƺ
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˵˵ͷڴ֮ϣȴӵ

ݵ˵ִ˴ټһغɿ֮ʱҲ̲ס¶˼־̾
粢޸߿ƼĸȻʩ֮ȴй֮޲Ǽ̨ǣ޴ĶɿڣҲˡ
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Ǿ޴ĵ·̷ҲǸͬеʳЩȴǸָǹʵǷӵĺܡ
ⶫɳɾǷ٣֮춼ǣֻҲǲѷɫٰвٹŹȤءлܣҲ¶˸п֮ɫ
ŹȤһԵͷһۣ˵ĹŹȤҿǱ̬òã
㻹˼˵ȥ껨˼ġߡӣǱһ˱񡭡ҶûأԶʱ
⣿֪ģĵҪҵķӦ֮еҪŪŵҶûأһ
ôŵߵ½ܳòãȻӣûɡô۷۵СȻôпĽɱ㣬㡭úݵİһʹĲŵģʱĿԲɣҪͷһ١
һԿЦãæ˺ˣҪˣǱߵءٶȿȥɡ
ĳС֮ͣĻŷ߷ߵĺһݺݵĵһۡȴ벻⣬һЦݡ
զһⶫɳɣŵ˰ɣ
һЦ˵ͷипţⶫɳɹȻܴ󡭡Ҳ֪Ǻķ˶ܴﵽֹģ
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Ӫǧꡭݳ³һڵһϰʷļߵطǿɶǼΪġȻ磬ǧ괫еңӪǧĶɿڡӣ磬ûʲôʷϲ㣬ģʽӦѾ˲֪ٸͷˡ
˵˵ЦЦ˳޼Ҵ֮ǰȥ

ʱ޼ҵ˶ǵˣѹѹһƬվǴ֮ǰĿյ֮ϣЩٶǵǿߣôһȺվȻȻһɺصϢʹΧΧٶȺһЩ˸Ŀյ
֮УΪŹֵĿһͣڰߵĴӣüͷ¶־档
ľƵĴֻܺԶУ
ݺѯʳ
ǺǣС֪⿴ͨľƴֻʵľȴѰľϡǧ֮ľһԵЦ֮ľǿ̶̳ȣ֮ѰľҪһ⴬֮ˣҲǰ˲ϵǿߣܹǧ֮ľͣװĶƹҲϵǿ߲ɡ춼Ҳֻ޼ңζңԼһЩ춼ľļ


42 ϴ
ıмԺЦҲִֻԶ⺣򡣷͵ķ籩˵һЩͽ׵ޣһֻӸˡ
֮Ͽɲ½أǴֻ㸲ȱ֮أʮ֣ҲȻڴ֮ϼȥˮδ֪ޣˮȱʧʳȱʧ
ΪȣȻȾҪΪ̣
ǵġͷ
ݳһż־̾Ǽֻ󴬡
ȻǲԳ֮˵ľӦǵİ˰ɣѾ󣬿⡮ӲҲ˿ȵĸѷ١̵ȻȻȻɵģ̵ĴڣˣȻǽƾ֮ܽĥɴĲʵ˲̾а
ҡҡͷȻźʵ˵⴬ǿԿס˽µ޹ˣ
ȻһԵȴЦϴƣǰ˽ףǾŽ׳ڵҪڶʱｫ߸ƻҲ׵£򣬼ǰ⺣ϪֻޣӴƿһ󶴣ʮǿҲֻһ󺣵³Ͼ⺣֮У޵ǼġһЩ۵Ϯֻ¼ҲŴηֹǰʱ䣬μҲһֻŽ׵ֻֻͨǴεμӵܱҪȫûˡ
˵ţȴЩźҡͷϧջûܳɹ
üͷȴʧЦ
һֱ˵ΪԵʲŵζֽ޼ңʹ޼ҵĹϵһˮȥôʱ䣬ȻѾ㲻ˮݣ໥ӵҲ֮еġԷΣѣ͵һ£Ҳ
ͻȻһ뵽Ϫ޼ҵĺĵѵô޼Ҳ̵μӵܣҲ˴˴ѵ
Ŀ΢һ£ȴЩ²⡭
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ڴʱ˵Įȴͣ³˼̧ͷȴѾǵ׵һҴȥ
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ݵ˾㶼˵ͷ
ݽ׼õƹ֮ϡдԼסԺ䡭Щ˽֮ȻܾˡȻȻ޼ҰŵӣȻһƥƥϵϢ͵ָԵԺ䡣
˳һŴҲȥĴȥ
ʱ˶ѾǴϡڴͷ֮ϣһۣȻųê
أ
죬󴬣ʻ˺һ޼ʵĴ󺣣ȥϣЩΧȻ²̸š

⴬ʮ׳ʮȫɵס¡ϴǲʡľľʹݵ¶һ˿ݡ
߲עУȻֻôһ˿ָӡǧ֮ľȻǲסͷһղĴϣֻм΢ɲָӡ
³һ̧ͷܡ
С֮⣬ĸС飬ҲһŴһʱװ֮ϵǼΪ֡ݿĸһͨʥõˣǵı鶼Ǵżڴŵӡڴȥһ汦ӡûмԪ
һ¡
ڴʱ˵ͻȻȻ̧ͷ˴ͷ֮ϵˡ˵վİס
һϮɫüĿ֮мƣԼʮҵˡݿǵʱȴ΢ü
ֻĿȣ̾âȻҲǸ֡
ˣ¶Ǵﵽ˵ڰ˲ϵǿ߰ɣ
Ŀ棬аԲ²⡣
ʵ˵ʵôױܿʵһĳ̶ȣĶԷʵǳҲֻͨһ˵ȣɫ̬ȵȲܵõһĽڰ˲㣬ҲֻܶĲʵģҪ˵оȥ²ˡǰ˸ݺܴѹȸУȻ²˶ǵڰ˲ϵǿˡ
ȥϰɡ
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޼ӵҲǲҵոС˳źáʮˣƬ̣Ѿȫվá
Ŀ⻷һܣݵĮĵ˵ͷ
λǸ˴ϪһŴĴ븱λ޼ҵĺѣҲǵĳһ·֮ϣǶҪλİţɵ
ǣ
޼ҵڵӶʱӦǣĿⶼ͵͵Ŀˡ
˵˵ͷߵüĿΪƵˣҲǴһ˿Цݡ
ϲ½֮ϣЩǵ似оʱһŰɡ
Įصأ롣
ǣ޼ڵٶ
ƽĵ˵ͷŤͷߵһˡ
˳Цŵ˵ͷǰһЦŵˣС鳤ȡСķԿװɡ
ˣΪĸȡһԿס
ڣˣæ߳˶顭Ȼ֧СĶӳˡ
ĸСĶӳʱݵЩüͷ
Сӳ֮УȻŮ
ŮǶʮҵӣģƯҹ߲ԼϢ̬ݴƶϣǵʵӦöڵ߲кϡݻʶãӦǵϵˡ
֮ԣʶһˡ
޶޼ҵڶߡ쳽Ĵӡ
ǿһЩӦǵ߲۷ԲĲˡݰԲ²⡣

ԿײʱѾãСӳҲǻصԼĶУ˲ŵ˵ͷĮûʲôˣɢ˰ɡ
˵˻֣ȴǵȥߵĽ£ֵܣҲǸһͬ뿪ˡ
ߣȥ䣬ȻȥԵɡ磬ҿ緹Ҳûء
ɢЦŶݵ˵
ҪϪжʮҵг̣ʱúϢһ°ɡ
ޱŤͷߵЦЦ˵ݵ˵ͷĿ΢Ŀһһ֮Ÿ˵󣬳Ŵȥ
干㡣˳żװ¥ݣݵϵ˵ڶ㡣
ǵķǱߡ231240ǵġ䶼ַ࣬ɡóԿЦ˵ˡ
Ȼû飬Կ׷ɵ֣õԿףͷһۡ
236ԿһСֽƬ
ȥ￴ȻһȥԵ㶫ɡͷ컹߲˿Գԣȹüգֻ̲ܳˡǺǡЦ˵
֮Ͽû߲˳ԵġոոճȻǱвٵʳƷȹ֮󣬲ǱԹ˱ǷŻˣȻû߲˿ʳˡ
˵Ц䣬ʱֿѰҵͬˡ236ķ䣬˷š


43 Ѳ
һ΢ĺζ΢һüͷĿɨһۣ䣬۵ס
ⷿ伫ΪСһŴ죬Ҳû֮ȴЦҡҡͷ
ˣʮʱѣһҲˡţ˳˷䡣
ʱҲ½ĿԼķ䣬ӱҲδ¶ʲôɫ֮⣬Щ˶ǲֹһεȥϪȻϰ˵ġ
ˣ߰ɡȥúõıһ٣Ȼͺúõѵõʱɡ˫ֱԺһԹȥװϴ磬ˡѵ泩
ǣǡ
ҲЦ
ọ́ʮ죬似޼ӵ˵ѵõϾʱ⡣һˣ˵˵ЦЦһ¥ʳöȥ

ҹǵ㣬Ҵ󴬣췱֮¿ٵƽš˲ֿ졣ڴ࣬ʱʱһԽ棬ǹ»ҫ£һǵ㣬ԳƬ󺣵
ȻǴ⺣
֮޼ҵӵǶԸԵСΪλڴΧļװ֮໥̸šĺζ΢ͣ£ɫ䡣֮˶ʵ֮Сȴǲ⡣
ſ˫վڴͷ֮ǰɧķŸпߣݵһɵСĳԱǡ
ĸп¶һЦݣתͷ˺档
ĴҲûжĲͬһҪ˵УҲ⺣ˮΪ峺ûʲôȾҼʱʱ̱̿Ծ棬Ե
Թͣװϴ磬٩٩̸ٿЩĺСȷǲܡ
أ
ͻȻһͻȻݵ˾Զһ㶣ŤĿ⡭֪ʱ뽪ֵܣѾ˴ͷ֮ϡѽͷյͨĳֹɻеС졣
һ㶣˳Ŵͷķȥ
»ҫµĺԶ֪ʲôʱ򣬾Ȼǳ˼ҴֻǴֻĴͷ֮ϣͬҲǻͨƺҲڻСӡ
ЩʲôˣЩ档
ŶǺѲĴӡͬҲǹעǱߵڿ˿֮ЦŽ͵
ѲɻĿꡣ
꿴ԶĴӣɵĵͷЦţ춼ܱߺѲӡǵһγԲ֡ھ붫ɳٺĺ֮ڣΪں򡣶ٺ֮⣬ͳΪ⺣򡭡⺣֮޼ࡣȻп½صģżҲһЩجج䴴⺣Ѳְ𣬱Ѳٺڣܵĵֵס½صޡ
ԻȻ漴ȴǾȵٺڡ߿ǳĿ°⺣Ѳ˺ܶô
˵ͷԶĴֻҲ¶ɫϾںҲƽ⺣ѲҲôΣաǿ˵˵ǶȼҲǺΪǴ콧޼ҵĽսϢǿߡҲΪЩǿߵĴڣǲЩڶ֮ڵ˲ܰҵɳɣҲŻǰķ١춼Ӣۡ
ݿһ㽸ľɫѲ²롣ȴЩп
϶ԣȻʷ׳ʣȴʱ̵޵в֮¡21͵ĵ˵Ϊƽ򵥵ĺƽ˶ȴҲһ󡭡һ㣬ϴ֮ɱϣͿԿĳˡ
һںϲ似е˱ԼһʮС١Ȼһ뿪棬ҪʼµһƴŬǲϢĹǲϢ޼ҵӵܴϪ֮ȻҪÿǰ޼ҺɽУһԼΪɵ
ѹ붯ศɵġûЩ޵ѹȣ˶ܰҵ½֮ôŨ
磬˵ȴΪڴˡš
ΪˣһڵѾ˿﷦ζһΣնսԵ磬ȻǵóԸ
һҲ׺ƽáȴ֪Բڡ
޼춼֮һѲȻʶõġڽԼ˵֮ЩֻԶԶ뿪ˡ
ˣʱˣҾȻطˡλĿЩֻ뿪֮³һȻ¶ЦݳЦ
ȥȥɣڿɻۡ٣е˷˯֮ϣʵǲֵˡŴϣЦ
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ռ峺һӴ֮зϴĿ
ϣѾûطԿǿˡ
̧ͷգ֪䣬ȴ˵Ѿ࣬˵ûˣŮҲûСϾǼ磬Ҳеʱһ
³һ˦˦ͷ¶һɬЦݣ˵ҪúһľʣôܶǸǴһأ
Сݡ
ڴʱޱƵͻȻڶ΢һ㶣Ťͷ˷֮¸޶˵ޱơ
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ޱü΢һ£ȻЩĵĿ˺һۡһ㶣ĿҲ˳ޱĿӵķȥӭģȴһŭĿ⡣
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ݵģ޺һŴ󲿷ֶǵϵ޺ȻҲ⴬ϵġʱҲˣֻԷδԼݵҲû̫⡣񿴵Ŀ⣬ݵȴ΢һУȴδ˵
޺ݷһ㶣漴ȴǶݺݵĵһۣһŤͷȥ
Сݡ㿴˰ɣޱƵڶ֮дһ˿ǣ޺ƢСϼǰ㶥ײһֱеġڼ֮дΪҲڵ˼ɣ㡣ҪǰϪֻ¡˵ޱȴδ˵ȥüͷԽĽ
ȻڶУĿȴ΢һ£漴Ц
ֻ²˼ɣԶġͷӡ˼ɰɣҲĻгǸ֮ȻҲܿ޺ЩͻҲ֪ӵԸֻû취ġĶԼ޼֮¼Ϊƽɣ
΢۾


44 ⺣
Ϫħ޳ȺΣޱȡҪطˣŪЩСֶŪŪһˣֻ»ǼΪ򵥵ġӾµʱ֮ǷҲЩ಻ס˰ɣϾһֱ˵ͷͷȴδмԼС̣һֱ֮ղűֿҲûСԣһͷĺ˴ڣҲΪԷһһѻԸԷġ
ԼϪ£ֻҪĸɾһЩһͷӡֻҲԲ鵽ʵ˵Ļ
ݵ΢һĿȴԼĿ˲ԶĴգɫ֮¶˼˼
СݣϪΪΣգϵ֮һҪʱʱ̵̿ĸߣĵжҿ޺ưոݵġ
ޱƳĬһ֮˵˳
һȻ˵ͷ¶һЦݣţ֪˱ƽ㡣
ޱ΢һ˵ͷ̧ͷ˿ɫˣʱҲˣϽطɡλǰȻһᣬԼȴҲҪŬСҪλǰһ⡣ޱɫ˵
һ㶣ؿȴ΢һů˵ͷЦţ֪һ߰ɡ
ޱ¶Цݣ˵ͷ
˳Ŷ˴һк뿪˼װ塭

ʱлεʮ죬գ۱Ҳ͹ȥˡ
ϲ似ھȴǿԡ޼еĵӣûκиУÿҹط֮󣬶ص֮С˶֪Ǵпɲֵģʮ֮ɱ¾ҪݡʵķɿԣɹȣĴۺпܾ
ݵʵʱҲȲţһ˵ڰ˲ڵĽ׶ΡԼЩоͻƵڰ˲ڵʱտ¾еҲԽޱƵ˿УҲǶݵΪ͡
˵ޱƣҲǵϵˣݱǿߵĴҲ˵ġ˵ʵҲΪݵеһ˿Ľ⴬϶ʮʱȻڷܵУһ˿Ľ֮鲻֪ҲǵȥԵͷ
ᣬܶʱǿȥաҲֻɹʧ֮ۡ
ݱһ׷ϲ񣬶ڵõǡ쵤ҩ֮δ˶ԵãȻڷܵС⣬ǰջΪţǡ쵤ҩҩԳ׵ĵ߸ݵʵĻСܼӵĶʮܵδֻǣ
ڵԱͨЩĽӴ֮󣬶ݣҲһЩͬ
С飬ǿҪڽһʱΪĳԱܶʱ򣬶Ա߾ͽһԱСҪһβĵһ׷ϲ֮ĵϵҪһ͵õ˵ϿɣǲܵġȻ̸˵ƺһ𣬵ϾҲֻǱѡݵǣѿںܶʱЩԱޱ֮⣬Щһľ롣⣬Ҳġ
ݣǳΪ϶Ա֮󣬶֮гһ֪Ƣǳ¶Ա룬ֻҲǲϾͬԷġ
еʱս֮ͬʵϵġʵƢϵۺõһϿɡ
һ̿ϣڷŬͬ飬ҪȲ˼ȡͬĿŵĶࡣ
ҲЩʱŬеһԭ򡭡ȻҪ飬ǲܵõҵͬûκεˡ߳һСһҪսвˡ
ʵǿĿͬ飬ԶҪʵСͬ׵õҵϿܡ

װ֮ϣһѵõʱ⡭
⺣ȴǲ֪жѽ
ڴͷŲãһƬĴ󺣣̲סЩп˵
ţٺڣںٺ֮⣬⺣Ϫ⺣ıԵ֮ѡҵŹ⺣һô磬޶ֻ֪һŰ硭Ľ
еĸп΢˵ͷ֮ȴǴһЩ֮顣
ԽΣյĵطУõҲԽԽΪ硣һӢ۱磬߶ҫҲǼΪǿҵġС˼ĹɳȻҲѵġ
ˣͷװ弯ϡ
̸ţһͳĮȴݵ˾Զһ㶣̧ͷżװ巽ȥ
ү΢ü
ţҪ⺣ˣЩҪǽһ¡ǹȥɡ
˵ͷкһС˸󣬳żװȥ
ΪģѾ죬ɫҲתůɫǧľƵļװ̫ӳ·ĹԼ£ˣѾվ˴ͷװ֮ϡ
ǾŲڵǿߣֻһ߱ͿԴﵽŲԲⷬȣȻ֮ԻвȴҲˡ
ݿ˵Ŀ΢һ漴ɫƽĸˣվǰĶ֮С
ʱڷлװܺ޼ҵӣѾȫļϡ
װ֮ϣ޼ӵܼһ𣬵ȴ˵
˵ĮĻһۣȻ΢˵ͷŵڵӽǱͽ⺣򡣴˴Ϫ캽̣ḷ́ȴǴΪΣյʱҪʱ̱־裬κ쳣һʱ֪ͨҡ𣿡
ǣ
޼ڵӶʱ
΢˵ͷӽְִڣֹв۵ҹϮְ࣬ǼС鳤顣
˵⻰Ťͷ򽪿뽪ֵܡ΢˵ͷŤͷȻãûʲôˡɢ˰ɡ
˵꣬ٶȿһۣߵĽ½ˣȺشȥˡװϣֻһ޼ҵӡ
⺣ɲ̫̫ƽμ⺣ʱ򣬿ء
٣μҲ湻ùġǰϪҲˣɻδ߽ϵء
μԪҲǾŲڵǿߣͷޣҲǱɱˡ
ںУҪɱͬȼޣɲһ򵥵¶Ҳ֪үԪ˭һЩ
ǻ˵Ȼүһ㡭
ɲ˵үе׾⺣ϱܵĿơޣҪһٻɱ²ס
μҵù˾Ž׵ޣǿɲһϡϾֻ⺣ıԵ֮ѣǿҲǼΪ޵ġ߽׵ͨʶǾŽѾμ֮˻ɱˣʱ䲢ô̵ʱ䣬ϢӦǻЩӰġĻʱֻ²Ž޻Ƭġ
ţӦˡ
޼ӵܷ׷š


45 ͻϮ
ŽޣЩ޼Һӵ˵ҲǼΪѵһǿڡÿ֮ϿԿŽϣƷ˵֮⣬ʱ䣬޻Ǻټġ
ֻΪ춼еǿ߶Ծļ뵽˵޵֮Уά춼һ
⣬Ҳ˶ǿҪԭûЩǿߣʵںǵôġ
ȥһִˡЦЦǰȥŮС鳤ڴͷλ
ûãͻˣЦЦŵѾֺˡСУÿ֧С鸺һ죬պ졣һС˸𡣡
νִڣȻֻҪϱͿˡΪ˴ֶڴܣȻǲ˵ߵġ
֪᲻ʲôޣ
һֱδ˵΢üеЩڴ
ҪδƷ׵ޣ֮һƷޣж
µģϪҲĴˣÿһζֻһЩף׵С޶ѣһֱֻǡүҲ̫СЩ
еԵЩνĵ
ɲ˵μǰʱ˾Ž׵ޣֲǲ֪ô꣬δ־Ž׵ޣǲԵʻ֪СһЩܲдġɫһ˵
ʼ磬Ȼνǲδٶ˵ʲô

ʱ䣬ȻǷƽ˾
֮סķ֮ڡ
ȶɫâתݣķӳճһλõɫ֮Уɫı㸡֣һ˿˿ݵĿڱ֮³˿˿׾׹棬ǿ˸Ӧһ˿̹ǵĺ⡣
ɫâݵĺ²ݣһ˿˿ݵ룬ɫһ˿뵽ݵ֮Уܶʼ
֮һֱδ΢һ²ݵâʱҲһ漴·һ㣬ȻɫݵĿڱ֮С
˻˻
һ΢𣬲ʱеâʧӰ١ݣҲڴʱ˫˫ͫһ˿ɫӰһӶ

ݳ³һ֮еľâɢȥ
ڰ˲۷塭ֻһߣͿԽڡ
ݵͷһԼֱۣӦһΧ¶ȣȴһ˿Ц
ڰ˲Ȼе߲࣬ʱһֻһ²ʱ䣬ʹӳ߲㣬е˵߲۷ԲȻڰ˲㣬Ѿ£Žе˳Բĳ̶ȡҪͻڰ˲㣬²Ƕʱˡ
֮ȴʧЦҡͷ
֪ԼЩ̫̰ˡһ룬˽ڰ˲㣬Ҫеڰ˲ԲûκεҩҪеԲĳ̶ȣֻûиصʱ붼ġֻ˶̶ĸµʱˣʲôأ
ԽڣȻǱȽܵ
ЦվĹʱһž춯֮漴ֻо֫ٺӿһɻȻͨʸУ̲סһ
ۿ⣬ɫѾİ
ֵǵСִˡôʱ䣬ҵܳһЩ޲źð
۾ţ׼Ŷȥ
䣡
ףһȻԷ֮ը졣ţһҵҡͻȻϯһʱҲ͵һᡣɫ΢һ䣬͵ķȻһȶȻϣȴ¶һ˿ɫ
ô£
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ոճ÷ţһ³ֵĶоâһȻ漴Ŀ͵һƣֹ
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𣡣
ʲôޣ
ͫ׾ĿȴѸװ壡漴ͫٶɢ
ƽ㣡
ݹ˲˼һ˲٣һƬҵļװ֮ϣ񱼶ȥٶ֮죬һӰ


װ֮ϣҳһš
̫ͻȻûκԤȾͻȻӺð޴ͷ­ײ˴ͷ֮ϡڼװϵ޼ҵӣʱһܵǿҵĳʵһЩģɫ԰׵Ѫ
ǧľһֳʢļ̣Ⱦ޴޵һײ֮£ҲֻǼװ֮ϳʮϸ΢ĺɫѺۣѿС죬ھʹ˱顣
ޱƣһ԰׵ĵ˼װ֮ϣһĨѪ̱ϵһؽСȣȴȻ˼װ֮ѿһС֮ڣĿѪ
ҧأɫ԰ף鲻ͣ˳Ŷ޹¡˫֮У¶˽
ղ봬ϲԶͻȻ֣ܵһĲʵףӦҲݵĻֻ´ʱѾˡ
ˣҲܵ˲Сˡǽ¼װѿһѷ죬ִ֮δз֣һֻȣȴ뵽ȥˡβ״ľС֮СŴ˻ҡβϣҧСʹ̣ҲǶˣ
ͻĶõ޼ӵʶĻװ֮ϸһƬҡ˵ԼͬѿĺɫѷסҲֻһûע⵽
𣡣
ϱԵͷһ㳤׳ޣԾˮ棬췢һ
һֻõжʱ¶˼壬Ŀ⺧Ȼ̧ͷȥ
ֻŭһ֮ȴ͵ķӴһת֮˺ʧ˶㵲ѵʱûƬ̣ʮ֮ĺ֮ϣ޴ͷ­΢¶һ㡣ɺ˫ĿĶһŴȻӴ͵һڣʱһȻײȥ

޼ҵһԶɫ䣬漴ӦˣʱԾԶԶӿ˼װ塣һʱ䣬Ӱζϡ
ޱѪɫ˲ʧӰ٣
Сȼѷ֮УǶԷһײʵˣ޷ܵʮǺ˵°һȣֻҲҪˣ
зϣ
ޱУ¶˻ɫľû뵽ѾһεϪ֮У֮ǰһСһг̡ȻͻҪ
ޱƾı˫ۣˮʱ䡭


46 ݵɱ
Ȼһ˲䣬һ˫ůĴ֣ȴͻȻҸ¡ޱƷӦ죬˫ʱȻȻţһϰεľȴͻȻҸ˫֮пӿ
˺
һƤ˺ͻȻ𡣽ţһɾҵĽԵľʹȻС֮ӡҵʹޱɫʱף̲סҽһһůˮУʱС֮ϴ˴ԡһַʧѪĸдõĴԶʱһѣ·һ˲ĺڰף
ƽ㣬ֹѪ
ޱƴһƬհȴ֮ޱͷ͵һ
Сݣ
Ȼֵ̿һޱƱϾҲй֮սˣݵһȣȴѸٷӦ˹ڵĳϫʱߵȲâһղŻͬһѪһȣʱͱһ㾧ɫı
ɫ֮УǰɫѪ֮ɫޱƵȣԵΪ졣
ޱֹסѪȻȴͣ¡Ϊͷ޾봬ֻֻʮף

֮Ӻ֮Ͽǿ֪һ֮ƲС
ݱסޱƣоâ͵һҧԼǰ͵ڼװ֮һţ£ȴ͵һŤ
ۣ
һѪݵĿ˳Ȼҧأ֮ȴδаֵͣ١Ťһţ
ˮһڶ̶̲һӵʱ֮ڣݵΣȻ֮һŴ֮£ȥ
䣡
ͬʱޣҲͬһʱȻײ˴֮ϣ
ǣ
޴ײ֮𣬽һܼĿ졣ٶȷҡһԴͷΪԲģĳӶȥ

ո޼ҵӣһɫʱ䡣֪˭ȱһ˶ǻعţɫһĹâʱǴЩ˵ϱ˳ͬʱ˫͵ĳųڶȻһɫϣֱֱǳɢĺɫӭȥ
ݵʱ¶һ˿â漴͵ҧޱƵ壬ĳŴ϶ȥ
һ̣ݵںɽеӵ˼¡룬ǻƽʱòһϢݱɵִȻ֮£һϢʱ䣬޶ȵķŴ
ƽʱеŤĶѹ֮£ȻһԶ˳ҸоֵıŤʵϣ·ֻӣܶŴĳԼӿĺɫѺۣ
ǡ
ɫƷӡ
壬壬壡
һ̵Ѿչ˼ޡһ̣ûʲô˼ȥʲôʵڵڰ˲۷ʵӳ£˾̾ٶȣ
ٶ֮죬ʵߵõĺӰͣű
ڣȫʩΪ֮£˵ĸǰһţȻθߣһԾ֮£ȻԾʮף˵ķͷԽ
ãɫ·ǰû˽ͷɵԾ˽ȥ
ӳˡ
³һعͷֻǺɫǰҵĵط˲µ裬ֹͣӡݵĿ⣬ȴһ˿ɱޡ
Сݣû°ɣôˣ
ڴʱһ󼱴ٽŲ𣬽꽹˹ŤͷСԱһǴŽɫȺ֮ˡ
ղͺʱ䣬ΪҪִͨеС󲿷ֵ˶ѡһص˷ޱʵҲڷģֻһ˼װ塣֮£Ȼͺˡ˭֪һ̷ˡ
һ̣СԱͬһ׼ȻСȴҲ֮ų
˵ʱ٣ʱ졣ʵݴ뿪䵽ڣҲʮϢҵʱ䡣ҪһӦѰޱƣֻ¾Ҳޱơ˵һӦȴСԱȻǱһġȷޱƵʱѾˡҪʩȣҲһⲻݸյȫ˱ͽΧˡ
Ͻɫαһͷһۻеޱơ
ޱɫ԰ûһ˿ѪɫȻǻ˹ȥ
û¡ƽ˵ˣʧѪĻԡѾֹѪˣûµġݱ˵߽ޱƷ˵ϣȴŤͷԶһγײޡһ˿ɱٶһš
ʲôޣ
ʵ
ЩĵĿޱһۣȻصŽޣͣѾǳޡ޿ԴﵽŽ׺ڵĳ̶ȡͷ޵ĹӦǸոƤãսھŽ׳ڵޡ
Ž׳ڵޣĿ΢һȭͷ΢šЩ˸
ǵģھŽ׳ڡû뵽ΣȻ˾Žޡ
˵ͷͷһ²֪ޱƣҲһ˿ŭ⣬ݺݵššȭͷһ
ޱƵĹϵޱˣȻҲܡ
ŵģݵĺøȴ˲١û뵽ĶʮܣٶȾȻô졭ٶȵĻֻҲĶ֡
ΣЩ޼ҵʵ߶ֻ´ﲻٶȡţӦصǰǿ߸Ķؼɣ
ҲųԷʵĿԡ
аЩ²⡣ȣȴûʱ˼ȲҲһζ
ȻݵУȴɱ˫Ķޣɫ
ھŽ׳ڵޣ꽣֮Ҫ֮ɱҲȫܡ
ݵ꽣սʮǿߡһ˿ɶǴһ˿֮⣬ɱŽ׳ڵޣǳ䲻⣬ȷкܴİա
Էͼڴʱ¶Լʵʵֻպ鷳
ɫţɱ֡
ƽҲھȻǲɱڣҺԱƽ㣿
ɫ£¶һ˿ϡ
ɷΪΪƽסǹ˼ɸ˰Σĳ޷һߣΪˣԣ֪֪ˣΣݺξ֮
뵽йһΣ׼ŭٶȺˣǴײ޶ȥ


47 ŲǿVSŽ

Ȼμ֮ʣһŭ֮ŭȴȻը졣һӰԲ׽ٶȣԴ֮ڣݣһԾ
ӰԾ·Ҳʱȼ
ݵΣ˲ֹĿ⣬ȻǵΣ
ү
һԵ۾һʱȳ
ү
Χһɾδ޼ӵܣνʱһ͵һ˵Ŀ⣬ԶͶǷĻӰȥ
ˣǸ˴޼ҵڶүˣ
˺
һ˺ѿһľĦ֮Ȼ죬ɫ΢һ漴Ȼɢȥ
Ŀ⣬ͨΡ
е׾Ѿﵽ˵ھŲڵĳ̶ȣ֮ǿ˲ֹһΣȻʹɶ֮ҲǺ޻֮ȻıǶԷĿ֡
ȻĸޱƱ𣬵֮󣬱ϾһϵеβҪʰ˲֣ȻҪǰԱġȻ˳ˣȴҲ֪ԼûбҪǰˡ
ȻиõĴʽҲֹشεȽⷽʽİ׳ա
ˣ޼ȥ
˫ĿԲɣĿ¶ŭȫǡеĳҲ·Ǵڲ͸һɹĺһ㣬һ񣬴䡣
Ȼ·ΧĿռҲһȼһ㣬Ȼһնն۷̣֮һľ޴ӰǴĳ֮ȻѳХţ޾޴ͷ­ȥ
һֱעŵĿʱ΢һ
뵱һնЩơ
ţǵӰȻ޾޴ͷ­
䣡
һذըȻѿһ㣬ʱķ޶ʱһĲҽ仩ʮ׳ľ޴壬Ȼһ֮£ı׵ľ룬Ȼ˴֮С

ˣõٶȷҡһ£
ã
޼ҵӶʱһȲ֮Ŀ⾼˵֮Уʱʹȵ磡
ҲǰԺȲһá֣
ȻǾŲڵǿߡһ֮֮ȫɶ֮Ҳǲ˶١࣬ҲǹΧ֮ѡ
Žޣһˣֳȵǿʵ
Ȼһ֮ȴδͣ¡˳Ź͵ĵǴ֮ϣȵȻʹǡǧľƵĴϣҲʱð˺
˳ָޣ˫磺޼Ҵӣ޼ӵܣڣ
ͳŭ³ֻǴ֮һ㣬һɫƺۣΣȴ͵ĸ߸Ծ𣬾ȻֱԾ˺棡
үҪʲôǿǾŽްе׾ѣѵҪ֮֮𣿣
ʱ޼ҵӾ˳
ˮ˻ǳʶ
ǿ߽սҲźܴõġ˵䲻ĻһߣʵʵǾŲ۷ԲôһƬ֮Уܷӳ߲ʵ¶ǲסҲ˵Ų۷Ļߣڴܷ֮ӵʵŲڣ
Ҫ֪սɲֻʵĶԱȡ飬似ʱЩһսʤˣ˶ս˶ѡܰٷְ٣ǰٷ֮һٶʮķӳԼ۷ʵĳءѡԼ˵ĵط
ˣȴһߵݣԾ˴֮У·׼һԣһȫ֮Ĵ֮ϣնɱһͷˮԵĺޣ
ݵâʱ֮ݵĿ⣬ȴ΢³һ˿˼
ͷҲᣬˣȻԾ˴ϣֻ˴󺣡׹ζȥ
쳤˺ѿ˫ͫâ磡

޵̫ˣܵղһõҲڶʱָЯһԾϣֱȥɺ֮ͫҲ˸˷ŭɫȻһ˺СȻźˮѾһЩ۵Ӱ죬ҪڶʱػӦȴ
𣡡
ŭٶȴ޵ĿдӲһ壬޴һ͵һ˦Ȼֹסͷβϵ׹ɺ˫ͫâȻһ˲ͫ˼ȥ
ߣǵ˾Ž׺ڣ⡮Ѫͫâ߻һЩӰ졣ڣã
Ŀâһӣ϶ȴ˿ǡѪͫâƿգȻȴгһ͵ĳǰһһâʱѵ֮ǰһһģһӭǡѪͫâ
ࣣ䣡
һѪȣһӰڵָһҵĽӴ漴ǿҵıը֮Ȼը졣ӰĽӴΪԲģһ˳һĳ˲ɢ

һͺͻȻ𣬾ЩĿɿڴ޼ӵܡ
عֻ޼ӵܵǰ뽪ֵܣ֪ʱѾ˵ء
һͺȣǴһصĽ¿д⼰Ƶˣͬʱ˫̶ֱɫɫĹâ𣬶ʱӭɢĳȥ
ڰ˲ڣ
Ŀ棬˱ֳǿսϣʱƲ˵ʵ
޼ӵҲ׷׻عһʱҵȫӭǳײȥ
һʱ䣬ʹâЩ˵ڶ𣬳εĳӭײ
䣡
ͳ֮ͬʱۡѪ֮Ҳǽ𡭡
ŽŲǿߵսֱսĳҲǵе߿ԵĴڣֻ˲䣬ԼڵһЩ޼ӵܣʱܵˣѪ˺󡭡
ݱھޱƵʱһЩˣֻȻҲһѪɫ԰׵΢˼
ʵϾǰ˲۷壬ԱȻѪʵȴδܶ˺ǽ֮ǰΪǿмٱɵ˺ڲµһѪǿ⣬ؿڶʱһ泩
Сݣû°ɣ
һ³Ѫʱʵ
û¡ݳԷЦЦȻȴٶȿԶ
ȻֻǵھŽ׵޶ѣѾ˹ôƷ׵ޣһֲֿ
аĵźĿ
ռ׾ٵıնɱһͷһƷޣһֱδЩ޷ȻýգȴòƷԼ롣
ЩޣǿĴڣ


48 ޣ
һײʹ޼ڶĵ˵ˡһǿ᣿Ǽһν̬ȥЩ޵Ļ
һóϣԼЩ̫Сˡ
˵ĺʵȴǿס˵Ļ޵ġѪͫâײȻɢٵ޼ӵܳɹ̣Ϣ
޼ӵܵĿ⣬ٶͶ˺档
ʱҲٶϣһλ棬ֱ֮ʣ

һһը죬ǰĿ·һ˲һѹγһ㣬Ȼײޡ֮ǰ׹ʢ˫ͫһ֮£Ȼĳһ˲Ŀհ״֮ɫ
ת۶ȻˣҪľһ˲䡣
ٶ˲˼£ֱ̣γ˵һģâȻʢ
·ͬȼ˵ĻͲһ㣬˫Ȼһ׷ΧĻâ壬·һ˲һֽŤļ֮һ㣡
һâһţ
ݵͫȻ˻ָӰĤʱأ·һ˲һĪĳĬ֮У
޽Ӳ壬ڿз·ôһʱ䡣һȦɫͻأĳǳɫĸƬͷ­֮
ۣ
Ѫ·ȪһȻ䡣޵ͷ­Ȼӿе
˻
֮˲ֻ޼ӵܲŵĿŴӿе뺣еޣ˺棬ȴ͵һ㺣棬ƮƮƮȻ˴֮ϵĻӰ
âȥ˿ȵΣ˴֮ϣ
ˣŲڻߣڴ֮ϣһУɱŽ׳ںޣ
ңȣ壬硭һĿ⣬޼ӵܵУͶע˵ϡ
ݣҲ¶Եľ̾ˡ
ղһ𣬵๥似ɣȻõ޴һ˲ĿհףȻǿֲ
аš
һУٶ֮죬ѾԽ٣ٶȣҪɱҡ
ݵһ֮Ȼ󣬵ٶȴֻһ㡣ȻԷٶѾ١Ҳ˵ԷҪɱԼֻһУңԼܷܲӦ˵
ֻǵھŲڡôʮ㣬ǿߡǿᵽʲô̶ȣ
ݵͷƤ΢Щ飬Ȼ漴ȴһ˵˷뼤ȴǻͷ֮
̫ǿˡ̫ǿˣǻڵϣ˭壬ȻܴﵽĿơϡļٶȣ
ݻţȭͷȴšԽ
硭硭֮е簡
һսڽС뷨ͳͳ˳ȥΪڲ׵磬ǿߵù֮ҲǺΪһ޼ң˾Ųǿ߱ƺ֮ϣǻ켶ǿߡ磬һֹ󣿸һֿ
֮꣬һҪﵽ۷壬һҪ
ݽšȭͷĿ⣬͸˵Ļ붷־˼װ֮ϵˡ

һŴ˵Ѿȫˡһɫƣʱǡǡӳһ˿εľײԼ֮ĳĲѾҴȥʱܻʯһ㣬鲼ơ
ĿʹĿװ֮ϵ޼ӵܡ
Щ޼ӵѣޱһϮһ˲䣬Ǿ봬ϵλԶܵ˲Ȼѿӵĺɫѷ죬ǼסȽš
ϧޱðȣȻˣȴûˡǣ޵ڶײֻʱȫ
úĴӿ
˱ĿȻų³һĮͳд˳
һ˵ıʹһŴ޼ӵܣżװ֮״ҵֵͬܣһǳĬͷ­΢
һս׷ɵʱսѾǧ꣬꣬Ǹʱ䡭
ս𣬲ڲ֮Ϊ˵Ϊűĳͻ޵֮ս
ʳȻֺγΪĳͻǷǹ˿˵
壬Ϊ໥ĴӪڲìһּңȻֱ޵ʱеڲìܣʱķ£һͬСȥ޼ӵ֮У޼ӵЩìܵġȻһ̣ȴδκ¶ֻɫֻΪǶ޼ҵˡǵѪ֮УͬһѪҺ
ѪŨˮ
뽪³Ĭĵ˵ͷ˿Ȼ޼֮ˣȻһ̵ĳʹҲǸܵļΪԡ
ȥģ޼ҵĺ󱲾Ӣ֮Увٶʮ֮޼ҵĿʧȥľӢӣκμ嶼ԸҪġ
أ
Ȼһȴδ¶ʲôɫǾĴأ¡
ݾĸߵׯ¡Ȼû˵֪ǻ޼ӵܣԷΪȥ޼ӵܽеһ׷һĬ
ûã̧ͷȴǿ˴ֻΧһֱĶŴʮһŴǿһŴࡣ
Ӱζʮ׵ľ룬ڴ˴γ޼ӵ˵ʲôʱһŴļװ֮ϣѾս޼ҵӵܡ
Щ˵ı龡ԶǴһ˿ߣһ˿һ˿£ҧأһĴƬ̡
ǡ֮ڶݿһ۽£ҡǧľƵĴѾҪظˡ
ˣһСŴС鰴ƣ봬ֻ·
˵ͳ𣬵һݣԾ˶Ŵ
ص޼ӵԷ߳˼ˣװѾȥӵʬ屧𣬳ĬķŸԵĴֻԾ˻ȥ
߰ɡ
걧˵ϻڻԵޱƣкһͳŽдһġֵĴֻȥ˴ϴԾ˹ȥ
У޾ݵȵȡһһĬԾ˹ȥ
ûãһŴȥա
֮ϵĺȻ죬û˴ԱƿأһŴ캣ˮ֮šһײ
ڣĳһֻ̣áǣһ졭ҴķѣһϯͷɢһŴѾʧӰ١ֻںϣһԲкźƮ
һŴϵ޼ӵܵʬȻ˻õִϪ֮󣬱Ҫ𻯡Ȼ󽫹ǻҴء
Ҷ֮Ҫع鵽֮ǹءҲǻŵˣΨһΪȥˡ


49 ս

ĬŴͷ֮šȭͷҧߣһУҲͨ˫ĿĶźһŴкҧأȴδ˵ǵˣС飬ǵŴϵ޼ӵܣһı飡
޼Ҳһ飬ȻǴڵڶߵһȨ֮СȻȻܵԼҳӰĶ࣬Ͼǻһ֮ΪֱҲѪʱ
ͬӵܱɱȻһݼŭ⡭
⣬Ǽ壡ڼڲεìܡȻʱ򣬼ˣʼնǼˣǧ꣬ûĵۣĵ
á
ꡭ˲ᣬȸһ°ɡ
һͳ̾һ֮ȴɱߵķΧŤͷ˵ģͬһ޼ӵܡ
˲ߣòͨһɫװݡȻһ˫۾ȴǾâżΪȡǿ֪˵ʵ
꿴ˣһǿ¶һЦݣͷ˳鷳ˡ
ŴϾסΪʮһʮСӡΪ˳ӣʮһСӵĶӳ
ͬϪʵҲֻǱѷһе߲ڡ
޼ҷּҵĵӣʲҲǹ֮Ϫ޼ӵ֮УҲľϵΪ
˳̾һҡҡͷû뵽޼ҲϾŽ׵ޡ˵ٶȿһѾкһŴȻһϿշ٣ȵһȥԿס˲ᣬ˿һֱֻջ˼ɽһĶ񻯡ϲҽԱﵹЩҩзţȶһơͿԵǵʱٺһ¡
˵ţ˳ӻȡһССİɫֽݸ꣺⡮Ѫɢ䲻ʲôҩֹѪĹЧǲƿȥֻˣȶƣȴΪʡ
¶һ˿м˵ͷ˹ȥ
ԺƬ̣ȥȥ
˳˵ųС΢˵ͷŴȥ
ֻüһŴͱնɱʮҾԶԲδܵʲô
ʱ˳Ǵ˻ص˼װϡ
ͨ˳ܣŵ֪ˣŴĴ븱˲ҵæ񡣶Ǵ븱Ҳֻ̾һ΢ҡҡͷ
ҲԶǰ˲ҵǿߣ˵ͷʾ֮󣬸óԿףǷ˷䡣˱նȥ

ɫѾȫȻǷܲȻʱ֮ϵ޼ӵܣȴûʲô˼ȥҹɫ
Ŵһ䷿С˶˴˴̫Смȴ龡ԶЩǡ
ûöãԼˣ˳
ӳôˣ
иϽӭ
곤³һãȻ˼˼⣬⡮ѪɢЧףѪѾֹסˡֻ֮ϵٺһɡδܵ˺ǲµġ˼ѪܣʧѪЩ࣬ԻڻСԱƵʵò˶ñͿԻָʶ
ͺáͺá
ԣųһ
꿴һԱ˼ݣĿ΢Сݣ˱һллˡ
˼еԻعȻҡҡͷƽҽ㣬ҷ֮£̸л벻л
Ե˵ͷݵĿٶһЦ˵Сݣ㵱ʱٶȿйģңҲһ׷ٶȰٶȹ죬ֻơ˵ȴû˵ȥ
Ȼ΢һȴҡҡͷˡ˵꣬Ҳٶ˵
֪Լ¶ٶȣȻǻһЩ˵עġΪϵĴ̽Ҳݵ֮е¡ʱΣûʱʲôҲֻܳĬˡĴˣ֪ôġ
Ȼ˱飬ӹһ˿˼
ѵȻصĸ쵤ҩ߸ؼ
΢ü֮󣬹ȻǷ˼̽뷨
֪һζ׷ʣͽǶԷаˡȻ״ʱҪסüˡ
մҿҲЩۣȥЪϢɡտơһԲδ˵˵
ıЩǵĿ󷿼һۡޱƹϵΪŮԣչޱƣǼΪǡ
Ȼû飬˵ͷ
ģ̫ˡǰ춼ƽ˾һִֵڣ˾Žޣ⺣ľŽޣȻ㲻ֵǮô
ûһ
΢һЩĬ
ʵϣղ˼ģҲ⣡
ǰʱ䣬μҲ⺣˾Ž׵ޡǾŽ˴ĻôϢӦľŽ޲̤㡣ȻڲŹȥһ¶ѣȴֳһͷŽޡɺϣҲ̫ˡʮ궼δطϾŽޡȻȴһ֮ڣͷŽޣ̫
³쳣ݴһϲáֺĴʻĳЩķԵɵˡţбȻδ֪ء
޳ֵ̫޼Ѱ֪ʵںѷⱳ󵽵ʲôԵɡüͷâ£ȴִһ˿Ρ
ڱƽֻһˡĻ
ţȴһĿ͵Ŀһķ䡭УΨһĵֻˡ̣ԼޱơǴ˴ԮޱĻʵڲ֪Լô졣ǣԸ⿴ġ
ˣ棬ȻѾȥ͹ȥˡһȥúϢһɡǵ֮󣬿ɾûôʱôˡ
˻֣˵
˱һҲ¶˼ּᶨء
ȴ΢һüޱ˵Ϫϵ޴ֶ׵ޣСˣȻʵϲЩǿӦǲصıġѵлʲôԵԼ֪ģ
΢뵽ʲô˼
໥һк͸뿪Ҳص˷ķ
֮ⷿһŴϵķ䲢δж𣬻ص֮ݱ˴֮ϡ
ȻΣգΣ֮УҲȫȻûջ񡭡ҵһε֮Уǵõ˺ܴ
ڴϳ˼
似Ҫ޵һһεĽ֮Уܲͣľһ˲ôģҲֻٶȶѡȻ޵ս֮У˲Ϣ֮Ϳֵܷı仯ֻٶȣǾԲеġҪģ


50 
֡ǵͻȻı򣬻ͻȻɼüӼü죬˶սΪĶ죬ʱƿء
򣬹ٶʲôãԷ㼱ٵƶȥȴǡײ˶ԷĹϡⲻǹɱ
ԣ֮һζΪҪʵá
⣬Ҫ飡
ݱޱƴײֻĳɫ֮룬ͳֵĿݵԡ
ɫƵĿѣûκεĹԡ£ݳȫĵעߵÿһռϸ΢仯ӶѰһ˿ףڼ̵ʱӦ֮⡭޶·
ҲΪƽ֮ѵġڽȴ˺ܴҲ˶õ˽һ
κιеģĵȽȴҲ㲻øߣԲδкĹ
ʥһ¥֮õΨһһ걾似δкĹ
ɶ֮ʵҲ㲻ʲô似ʹɶ֮֮ʣѭһ˿ɶ߳һ֮ӵĥӽյѭһ˿ɶ߳ʵս֮ɸӵʵãԱ֮ȴǲ֪˶١
δȻͨյȴǸܵˡҪһζĿ졭Ҫ㹻ٶǲףȴǲһЩɵСɽ֮ϣһ˿ɶ֮ѭһ˿ɶ߳ʣ·мѭʵȴǧ򻯡ٶȲñ쵽ʲôطϣǸһﶼֹ
ңһ˿ɶпǾͽҪء˵Ļ
ݵͷͻȻ΢ŵĿ£ֻΪ뵽һֿܡ
ͿɵִϪ⴬ϵط̫СʩչһһҲʵ˶ӣӡ֤óϪɵúúооܽо
һѹͷļȲ˫ۣԼĺ
֮һ˿ǳɫâ֮תʱƣǳɫâԽԽ

գһ졣̫߸ߵĹڿУԶһɫżһЩСķӰӹ׳羰Ŀ
޼дֻƶٶȣԵļӿ׵ģѾ˵2Ŵ

䣡

зһһâݺݵײԾһֻ޵ϡȻը𣬵׾ʱͽͷĽ׵ճɽ̿˺С
꿴һһŭ飬¶˼ֿЦգȴҲֻҡҡͷ
ѾԽĽӽϪҲԽ⺣еҲԽĶղŵһͷ֪ޣǽʮͷͷԵϮֻˡ
޼ҴӱŽϮ˼޼ӵܣе޼ӵؿڶһҲЩС޵ùǻƽʱȻҲԻԲ״֮ҵġ
ٶ˲٣ٶȣһ磬ǱͿԵִϪˡ
ͷ˿ͷĺ˻ķ⴬ٶԱ֮ǰҪ˲٣ҴͬںƮһ㡣ٶȣִϪȷǿǰʱ䡣
ߣԽ絽Խãӱ˵ϣҪɱˣ
˵ţԼ۾͸һ˿Ѫɫκ˶ܿ鲻á
꿴ģȴǰ̾һͷʲôã̫ظ顣ظ˵ʲô¡޷סԼУԼǵĻ
ţ̾һȻü˵ͷ֪Ϊ˵¶ŭʵǴҶŭȴҪܿסˣպԱܵһЩʲô޷ԼΪСĸ鳤֪ľϻʲô𣿡
΢һ漴ͷ˵Щ˵Ҳ鳤ӡҪʲôϣֻ֪˭˺ҵͬ飬ҾҪѪʲôģͺˡ
˵꣬·£תĿȴѲֻܵĺϣ뿪ӣ·ҳ
걻еĻ˵һûعʱȴѾԶˡգҲֻ¶һ˿Ц
꣬ԶԷƢҲǼΪ˽⡣һƽʱȥ֣ĺܣͬû˵Ϫϣ˭֪۸˵СˣϾҪӭеıһȻ嶯ʵϪҲΣҷصĵڶǶΪͷۣ˵СϪϣȷûʲô˵ǡ
ƢײøУȴҲ֪ƢԣҲ㡣Ǹǻǲ˵

סٶ̾һ
磬ƵΡôˣ
һֱδ˵޴䣬ʱȴǹĵѯꡣ
޴ҲǵСĳԱĽСòҲΪһ˫ˮĴ۾ΪϲˡƽؼΪô˵ʮޱƴģԸϱȽϽСȥСһЩʵҲڡޱͬϪޱƵĹϵҲǲ
ѾѹˣİɣûµġЦſοһ
Ŷ޴ŷĵӦһ˵ͷҲٶʡ

Ŵڵһ䡣
ޱɫ԰׵ļ͸ƽӲĴ֮ϡΪ˾ˣܵһ֮֮ޱɶ˺СȵļⶼǾԱЩסޱȲľ˺ޱҲΪѪԹȥ֮ءֹѪʱҪһЩ
ҲǺް취ˣֻޱѾǲЩ޼ӵܵĺˡȽȻ㲻ʲôˡ
һҩĴȻιޱơ֮У͸һϧڷſڣݾűߣŴ֮ϵޱơ
ޱƣ˼ޣȴǶ˼ֽϧ
ǰϪ·̿ǼΪɵģʮֻ󴬣Ҳϵǿߣ޼ҲδڴϰʲôҽԱδдʲô֮
޼ӵܶߣǰϪƴ޼ӵǣЯһЩҩ˳óġѪɢĻޱܲѹл˵
⡰ѪɢҲֻһҩδƷסҲֻһЩ򵥵ֹѪ֮ЧѡһЩƷ׵ĵҩˣҽ׹ǡҲǴ֮ԡϧЩҩԶǧ֮ҾԶƿʵǿĴɣС޼ǧеĴֻҲǲࡣͨ޼ӵ˵ǸǴ˵֮еƷˡ
ȡȿȡ
ޱͻȻĿ˼ոպµҩ˳Աߵʱһæҩ룬ĴޱƵıɫţƣû°ɣû°ɣ


51 ǵ
ޱƵӿһ˿쳣ĳ죬԰͸ɫȴԽϧҡҡͷ֮˺ǿ¶һЦݣ㣬û¡˵ţȴĿ
ޱɫָŽȥŲͬϧޱƣĴ㱳ȴִż˵ǸޣСݼĿ죬ˡǲ밡
뵽ǾһĻޱƵҲһ˿ɫɫ԰һ֡ݲԼͷȴһ˿ů⡭ǲԼôǰ۰
ţޱŤͷڷſڵݣɫżůĵСݣ졭ллˡ
ȴ¶һº͵Цݡ
ɵ㣬ܵܣҲ㣬˭㣿
Ҳ㣬˭㣿һ仰ȴޱƶʱס
仰仰ǵϼ֮ʱԼ˵һô
һɹ̵ůͻȻޱƱͷһᣬ˫˲ʪ
æͷнɳʯõᡣȻ˫ȴ΢
һԵޱ˽ҲΪж³һ¶Цݡ
ǰΣҳ˵ҲûϵҲ˶¡ȥԺΣΣ򲻿ٳ嶯ˡ
ޱ鼤ǻ뵽յΣգȴֲΪݵġҡҡͷͷ˵
ȻȴЦһƽ㣬ڵʱ£յءӲ𣿡
ҡޱһȻȴǳĬ֮󣬲̾һҡҡͷĿĿݵСݣ㲻ͬǴ˼ΨһѪǳ£һӴ˶ϾԣҪȥ
Цŵ˵ͷǵģһȥǵˣһñƽҲúõĻȥҲʲôѪֻ֪ƽҽ㣬ԼĽ£ҲΪˡ˱ƽ㣬أǲҪ˵ˡúõϢɡ㣬ƽͽˡ
ŤͷһԵһĺøҲǴЦŵ˵ͷݣת˳ȥ
ȻޱȴĿݣã԰׵ϣȴǽһ˿οЦݡ
еˣк

һʱ䣬
Ȼƶϵһ㣬峿ϪȻңңĿ
̫δֻԶĺƽͶųһƬϼ⡣
֮ϣһ࣬ԵĺˮĹâõùʮֳƽϼ֮£һڲŨ֮еĵ죬һ޼ӵܵǰ
ǰϪˣǵˡ
꿴ԶŨ֮еĵ죬¶һ˿Цݡ
˵ϪΪ⵺ϪڶࡣγɵˮΧ죬ʹ˵ʱʱ̱̿㶼ŨΧơϪϪ֮⣬һƣ
Աߵݽܵ
ݾĿȥȻԣ⵺һŨˮλÿȥֻܿǲ·żɴһĵȫǿΡ
ռƽӰ˵ǲС
أأأأ
ڴʱǰĶŴͻȻһһ
밵ˣҶ񣡡
һӴڴݺŤͷŴĸ֪ʱѾվ˴֮⡣
̽ͷ˴¡
ȻǰѾԽǳ֮ǰĺ棬ѾһЩͷΪ·аˡ
޷ģٴĶˮ֣Ϫܱߵİġҡǧľļ̣ɲǼ鰵ͿԺ˵ġһͿԵǵˡ
Ѿ˾飬ЦЦ֮˵
ݵ˵ͷ
һܣȰѱ̧ɡ
ڴʱղܿһеݵ˻ͷ֮еһܣ󺰵
ҲǵСĳԱ֮һΪ࣬еǺѾﵽ˵ڣʵΪס
󺩺һЦõġȻ󣬱ͳȥ

ʱܿȥ˵ˮϤĻҴֻҲԡǧľȼ֮ɡϾǰٶҲǷŻ˲١̫Ѿȫƽ֮ʣ޼ҵʮҴ󴬣վǽͬɴһŨ֮С
һ֮⣬ڴֻߵʱ򣬻塣̽Ŀȥ漴ȴ¶˼־̾
һԭʼ۰
деֲǰټޱȵĵ졣ߴľľ֮䣬ԵȻ찶ߣҲĿŴӺϿȥ޼Ҵ󴬣ȴ˿ҲδšЩݴӲġзݣޣһЩֲͻȻȴб˶˵ĹŹҲĿ
ϡѾûľˡ
ݾ̾šһ˴ԽǵǼʶȻͬĿǼʶڵϸҲ޷Ȼ֮ľĶǣġ
Ƕˣ
ڴʱͻȻ˳ƹĿ⿴ȥ
ǰ찶ϣһ˹ʱۿڣӳݵ
ۿڵȻûа취롰ɳɡĴ͸ᲢۡȴҲľľɡ淴ԲȻҲһЩͷˡ
ۿ֮ϣʮӰϡĿ棬һۣͿʮӰ֮Уеˣ
һͷںƮݵĳɢڼͷݶĮֶδͷųȴ˲һһвڵصУ

ݵͫ˲
쳽޼ҵڶʮǿߣһʮʵѾʮˡһʵѾﵽ˵ڰ˲Բ֮ݣҪǿһȽס
ˣҲǵ֮֮ͨһ
ݵ΢һ³һ˿Įâ
ǱϵôҲϵύ֮ˣȻҲ̸ʲôøˡο
뵽۾ĺâһӶ
ڰ˲Բô
ܿͿǲСľƸۿ֮ϡݵ̧ޱ´֮ʱ쳽Ѿ໥̸ˡ
޼ӵܣӸԵĴվ˸ۿ֮ϡѹѹһƬмơ
һϪϵˣһ̧ͷǰŸߴľĵ죬ﾡԶ档
Ϫ𣿺ô󣡡
ǰľɫ֮޸֮ľɫҪϼء
٣Ժ֪ˣ˴ǲǵǲǣֲ


52 Ӫأ쳽
һʱҪڴ˴ȹ˰ӦӪصİɣ
ϻûӪأô죿Χ˰ɱķġ֮ˣͱҪصӪ֮ȥСֻ·һ
ʲô񣿡
񡭡ѽԺȻ֪ˡ
˵ǴЩ޼ӵ֮д˳Ĵǽһͬڵˡشģ󲿷ֶˡ
ݵǲδעΧ޼ӵܵģ˫ȴǿ쳽쳽һԼֵȴǲδݵ۾΢һ룬ݱͲ²˸֪˶Էǰ˾Ž޵ˡ
ûã쳽ƺһȻ˵ͷ˵˼仰֮Ťͷڶ޼ӵܡ
쳽Ŀתƣе޼ӵܾԶһ˵֮ͣ
쳽Ŀɨһˣ΢ͷȻתӪء
Ӫأ
һͬȴ޼ӵ֮ܵУʱ˸˳쳽ˣѾǲ糯ǵȥ޼ӵܣиȥ
Ťͷһۺķ򡭡ȻԣϪһ겻ɢ֣ԴطֻãȻһƬ
̧ޱƣһ˸ڶм䣬ŵ֮нȥ

뵺죬ΧĹ߶ʱͰǺĿ֦Ҷ淢ǡ죬ȴһĸдĸоԽݣҲǸоһ˿⡣ڰ˲㳱ϫ΢һתͺ
Ŀ̽ȴЩʮף˺ϱܱסĴ֮֮ϣһЩŹֵԾԾȥһԭʼֵϢ
ЩҲô
ݿЩŹѯһԵꡣ
ЩǣЩǡҲ̧ͷһۣЦ˵ϪƬΧġöãͻ߳֡ɽߵɽ壬֮ʮɽ֮еҲǺѷɫиߵȽ׵޴ڡһҵޣҰޡûʲôԡ
Ե˵ͷ˵
һ·ݽŵϵĸһ߿šޱƵɫȥ㲻֮ҪǿࡣȻѪɢԼ֮ǸѪɢĻ́͡˶ǿ׳֮˵һޱƣٶ༸ˣҲɵ̧ߡٶ˿ûܵʲôӰ졣
ԼĪ˰ʱҵʱ䣬ǰȻʣ
˴֣ģȴһƬƽ̹½ءԶɽɽ֮ϴɫȾɽ֮£һľƽȺȴǳ˵С
Ķ޼ҵӪˡ
һЦָԼĪ幫ﴦɽµĽȺ˵ԼԼܿӪصܣվ˲ٵˡȥǻ
޼ҵӪء
ݿţȻ쳽˵ĲǰС
ʮ֮ǽ˽Ⱥ
⽨Ⱥǽһɽͼз֮еģѹΨеһ·ݵеһ·ΧԶǱľդΧסһڣ岽һڡɭϡ
Σݵ΢һ¡
Ŀһ£Щ̬ϷЩ˿ٶϵǿߣͳһʽɫΧףԵӢ˲
Щ޼֮ô
ݿꡣ
ǡҡҡͷһЩЩˣǶǿߡ
һ㶣ꡣ
˵ͷ춼ǿߡ仰˵Ǵ󻪹ľʿ
ľʿһ㶣漴Ŀȴ΢һЩ뷨
ݲδ˵ʲô˵ͷ֮󣬸˵߽Ӫ֮С
ʱ޼ӵܾԶǽӪ֮С쳽ˣתӡӵ޼ӵܵĶ飬ҲͰ
쳽ĿɨˣȻŵȻ½£˷С鷿ᡣɢ˰ɡ
һ㶣漴ȴ𡭡ԵϪ֮ҪһӦþڰɣ
Сݣȸʮȥǽ͵ҽʦĶһýɢֱ֮ϽˡǻǱ߿ġ
ݽ
ݵ˵ͷޱƣƽ㣬ҪҵȻ㡣
ޱ¶һ˿Цݣ˵ͷ
£޼ӵ˶ɢȥݵȽ½ĵӡ
쳽Ŀ⵭Įɨһ޼ҵļ½ӣȻȴĸоԷĿ⣬Լ΢ͣһ£һ˿âɫȴ΢

һ˿âҲֻһ쳽û뵽Ѿһɨ֮쳽Į˵ȻתӣӪȥ
쳽ʣµİڵʮ½ӣ
ڵĿܣɫ֮͸ż־н
ּ֣ˡ
Ԫ͵͵ݵߣ¶Цݡ
˼еݻعҲ¶ЦݣԪ֡
֣㱻䵽ǸС飿Ԫݵߣѯʡ
С顣Ԫ֣أ
⵹ûʲôģݻص
С飿Ԫһȵ֮ǰһŴϣ˵ǾǾŽϮŵˣ
ϮʵᵽģֻеʱһŴϵ˶ѡȻĵҲȥһۣǴֻư̶ܳ˾ġ붼֪ĶǵģҪǹˡݾȻǾŽϮŵˣԪĪ
΢˵ͷʵôˣ
Ԫһ£Ȼų̾һҡҡͷºȥһŴϿ˿ƻʵھˣδˣʵҡʱһΣհɣԪݡ
һ£漴ЦҡҡͷǾŽ޵ȷǸݺܴĳҲСϵޡȴǲ̸ۡ
ЦЦ֮ƿԪأǸС飿
ŶڵʮС顭ʱߺŴԪЩźҡҡͷүŽ޵Ĵսȴûп
ǿ߽ս˵ѵõľ顣ԪдźҲ֡
Цŵ˵ͷ˵

ʱ쳽˵ˣ뵽Ӫһ֮С
ⷿݱ֮޼Ҹ֮ۡеķȻ޷ᲢۣɽȴǲСĪ˵ʮˣٶʮҲɵ¡
֮ϣ쳽תӡ޼ҵǣҲͣ˽Ų̧ͷ쳽
쳽ĮܣȻŵӽǱͽϪϪɱķ޼Ҹ֮ۡе֮ǰ޼ҵүС㣬˵ݵλѾòҪҪֻһǾʵ
Į޼ҵ΢һ˫ĿҲƺԾ


53 
ûϪһطݣĵλֻʵЩ˵ǿɲ޼ʲôݵλǵĸ˭ĸ˭ʵ̵ĻݵλԽ֮ˣҲԽ硣
ԣǰԼ̬Ϫ֮֮顣ϣ޵ľ޿һ˲Ϊݶͣٵˣϣǽϣ׵Ժȥ
Ϫ
쳽Ŀһ˲
֮
ĸ֣õһɱɱ֮⣬ʱϯǰЩ޼ӵܵһҲɵľ
޼ҰһǧһľӢϣ֮ĳպΪ޼ҵҫǵĹһʣ
쳽Ļõ޼ӵܲ۵Į
ڴ324괺һˣħʮ콧ϣգնħ֮
Ĵ޷㣬ڴ397궬Ϊȵ˧ɱħƼ䣬նħʮħɡ
Ĵ޷ͬ궬Ϲħ򣬵áħ޹ǧ󻪾ʿ
һԶ޼ҵǧ޼ѪǵѪдҫ󣬻᲻ҲͬĮдһ˿Ҳ޼ڶʮŴ桱¼
޼ӵܶ΢΢ҫߵ
쳽һų˷㽵ݣŵ֮ϣĿеҲ¶һ˿⡭Щ޼ҵϣ޼ҵδ
ˣϪ£֮ȻסսǹȴΪһδȡǼǵĽͬҲǶǵϣܹϧ
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δȡǻ
һƷ׵ҩεߣڷúʱȼһΡÿһֻܷһöЧ쳣
⻢޼ңһ֮Ҳֻܵõʮöҡ̶ȡ
쳽˵仰ǽĿͶһࡣڴһƫſڣһĮŮӣڵء
ŮһϮ£һӵľ䡣ĮһּΪ޵ĸо
˵һŮӣվʲôط˵ĽġȻ޼ҵڵӿʱȴ¶˼־㵡ȻڸղŸδзִŮ
һʼվ޼ҵӽ֮Žģ޼ҵӾЩɻ󡣶ҿŮӵĮǶģȻǸո
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ŶĮŮ΢˵ͷе쳽ǰֱڶ޼ҵӡ
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һ΢ŤͷֻɫͨԴŵ˳ƺ̫н߳ʱ򣬽һһģˤ
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Ȼȱ֣ǡŶɫȴδаֵĲȻĮʣ·ԷǱнȫȻûаֹϵһ㡭쳽΢һüͷ
Ŷδ˵ֱӴŵľ֮ȡһöҩ
ⵤҩͨƣԼĪмСƵı淺һ˿ԲĹȻһ
æ˹ȥЩ͵ллл
ŶɫȻĮĵ˵ͷ̧ͷٶ𣺡һ񡭡
ҵӹһ˿ʧȴֱεת߽ȺͬʱһŮҲżľнǰȥ
ʮ߸꣬ŮСһʼ˸С֮⣬˵нҲδʲô
һݡ
Ŷٶԣ粽ǰȥ
Ŷݵֵʱ쳽ɫһ΢Ŀ⣬Ͷ˶Է
ֻڶݶƽ˫޼ҲжΪнġŶҲδ¶ʲôʵı쳽Щü΢
֮ѾǡŶǰ
ŶһֱδвҲһ˿ɫҲֻһ˿ѣ΢˵ͷеľȡһö
ݽӹҩ¶һЦݣлл
Ŷ˵ͷȻĮüЦת߻Ⱥ
һ
ŶŷѾ߻Ⱥͷеĵҩ
ǵҩô
ݺĽҩڱǰţȴδ˿ζ棬Ȼǰһ
⻢һƷ׵ĵҩ֮ڣʮ²εһȼȷǼΪ֪һȼǲסڴﵽһ̶֮ޣ޷ټȥʱһöȴʣڰʱӲһΡҩЧ˵죬Ҳǲ˵İɣ
ڰ˲Ѿенףٶȣ굽һʱұͿԳھŲ㡭õھŲ֮󣬷´˵ҩұͿɵĴﵽʮ㡭Ȼ󣬱죡
аšﵽ죬ҲͿˡֻΪʱ¶ʵ۵Ҳûаְ취ˡ
ϪܴԭһǽӴһޣĥԼ似һ棬Ϊ˱ܿԵж˵ڿԷצƺѾ쵽ߡǡֻϾǱ޼ҪĶࡣ٣û̫ĹĶǣҲʱʱ̶̿Ų֪ʲôطС

ʱʮ޼ҵӣǵõ˵ҩŶҲйӵľŤͷ쳽΢˵ͷתƫȥʱıӰʧ˵ò޼ҵӣʧ
쳽ֽһڵǸ뿪ˡ
ǷţݿһټӪءȴǳ֮ǰ˵ĶϽȥ
СݣСݡ
ʱݸϽǣһǴ˹üŤͷȥС
и硣ݻһ˹ȥ
ţˡ߰ɡ
ЦݵļȻݳһȥ
ʱһԼķᣬǳ˵ĸǰ
Сݡ
뼸СĳԱվſڡйЦкһ


54 似ʵսĥ
Цŵ˵ͷȴڨڨߵͿûô
ȫûӭݣ˽˷ᡣ
Ტ󣬵СĳԱȥ֮ԵΪӵ꣬档
Сݣˡ¶Цݡ
ݵ˵ͷ˿ܣȴδޱƣһƽأ
Ʊ͵ҽȥˣأҪĶϢİɣǱء
Ц˵ˣվˣ°ɡ
ޱްҲ˵ЩĻʵ˼ȴǲҲ۲һʱ䣬СԱĹĵȷǷĵġ
£˱ԵЩӵķ֮
໥һ֮еͷȥպסĵطɡ
֡һЦ˵ͷк˳ȥ
ûöã˱ھᲢԶľǰͣ
Ӣǰסھ͹ˡղѾɨһʲôĶѾ׼ˣֱӾסС
ӢݵҲ˵ǰСĳԱ֮һȥʱﵽʮ뿪ˡݣҲĿλ
лли硣
ݶЦкøУ˼ظ飬Ҳ޶صĻ׵õݵĺøС
ֻ֪ԼĻأԶĻصˣһ˿ִڵġ
ĻعĻأȴԼԭ
˭ҪǶãǧٱĶԱ˺áޱˣϧƴʵ¶ΣҲҪ𡭡˵ûжҲΪ˳ˡһϣ֪ݾûиĻ˭ҪǶĻ졭ݵǣնõʲôýġݸմԽܶԺ¶֣һԿݾĴ֮߿ɱݡ
ˡЦ˳
ЩʱڴҲδ˯ȾձͺúõϢϢɡʱһġ˵
˵Щл뿪Զȥ֮ݲ߽˷֮С
˵ԼҲưܡе֮ǰɨһҲϸɾڷһŴ齡֮İڷ˴ԼһЩþߡǵĵꡣ
ݿһ֮󣬱Ϳʼʰ

峿
ݷڡ
ǳɫ⻪תݣõ÷ĿΪ䣬׾ڿռ֮УԵüΪλá
ȻЩâ·ܵĳǣһ㲨漴һɾеâգɫһ㣬ݵĿڱ֮СΣ˫ͫһâһӶָصƽ
ڰ˲ԺȻˡ
ҡҡͷһҹУֻڵڰ˲ڵĻϹһЩǰֿٵȽȷЩΡ
ȴҲǰ̬˵ķȲ󣬵Ҫ֪ڵ֮ǰҪ˲١ŵ˵˵ûʲôԵĽõĺô˿ȵһ㣬١
̬˴һ½ǣһ󱬶һȴǴﴫ˳漴һ泩
ߵ忪ĵ·ڵϣ˭һҲһϣǿһֻ֮µȵڶ죬ᱳʹ˵İɣȳĸܣ
Цҡҡͷ߳ᡣ
ӪҲѾвˣڸԵ֮ǰ壬ϪеĿ
Ϫ֮ϷȪڶ࣬Ե궼һŨ֮СҲʹ⵺ϵĿʪһܸоʪµĸдǻֱθ
Сݣ˰Ҹ׼ء
ݱһ漴һˬʵЦֻۣԶѾЦ˹
и磬簡ЦŴһк
ţ簡ѾˣͿȥϴһ°ɡϾ׼ˡЦŶ˵
һüͷ
ţϪΪҶѾˣͲˡ
õġЦӦһתϴ

ûöãСˣӪſڼ
׼ﶼ׼˰ɣ
վڼСĳԱǰһ֮Цʵ
ţ׼ˡ
ãɡ

Ӫ࣬һֱֱͨϪС·С·񣬸ߴľ࣬һֱ֮ġ
СĳԱ֮⣬һ·ϣݵ˲ٴӪسͬǰϪ޼ӵܡ
ԼĪСʱ֮ǰͻȻͨ˴С·ЩֱֱӵһɽЩȴӵһԵĴ֮Сһ㡣Сѡ˲һĵ·ȥ
˷ңҲʥڵõһЩµ似ɣ
УͻȻŤͷЦ˵
΢һ㶣漴ߵĳԱ
ǰµһٺ٣µʱ䣬ҲſﵽСɡĥĥԼĹͷ˵
ҲõһƪƷҲҪĥһ¡˵
ҵõȷ˵
΢һ漴΢һ¡
ӣʥõһ꿪һεġ޼ˣϪǣÿ귵֮󣬶һνʥõĻᡭ
ţȴǵ˵ͷЦҲһȭҪĥСݾ͸˵˰ɣ꿴ݡ
һ£漴ȴ˼Цŵ˵ͷţҵõһ׽ҲҪĥһ¡˵ţ̧̧Ǳޱ͸ıɫ
ǾˡͷµʱǾͲȥ񣬶ǾΧף׵Ϊĥʯĥһ¸Ե似µʱ䣬㹻ôҽԵ似˰ɣѯˡ
ҿ˿Ȼһͬĵ˵ͷ
似ҲھķһҪȣһ似ľ֮󣬷ܷӳ似ĹЧȻɱޣȴô򵥡
似ģȴǻġԣ似ľ֮ȴҪѧνõʵս֮ȥ޶ŸԲͬҪͬҲŸԲͬǿ֮ҪֻҪõܽɱȻǹԷǿĵطʮĹҲһƿԷķ⣬Ǿ飡
ⲢһһϦĶҲԼƾյ似ĶҪʵս
⣬Ҳ˵Ҫ壬Ϊĥʯԭ򡭡෱࣬廹޷һЩ塣˵ޡߴߵҪô޵Ҫλߴ֮ȮΪĵطͬȮ޵ҪҲ󲿷ֶϡ
ڶε£Լе似ľԷҪﵽСģȡս⣬Ҫϵĥ


55 һսë
ҲΪȻĵ˵ͷ
޶սɲһһһġпһʮһ԰٣һǧܿԼģͬʱﵽɱˣκһǿߣҪǵ⡣Ͼ˵ɲ޵ġȫֵļһЧƣߣռ˱ȥֻôĶ֪
ɴ˿ɼĥ似Ҫԡ
Ȼˣô߰ɡ
Ц˵꣬ˣͳһС·˹ȥ

Ϫ֮ƣֻ⵺ϣ洦ǿԿƮȻĿ֮ľһƬ֮УС
룬ΧĲֲ֪Խïʢڽ£ǡ졭
𣡡
һͳżǴԶܴ˹
СһЩǰϵ޳ûЩȻȽײߣȴǲ١ǾȫҲǼֵĺܡ
ŤͷĿȴǿݡ
Ȼݡ˴ֻһˣ˶ֹһεĽȻ˾飬ΨǵһΡ
ԶԼҲЩڴ˵ڴҲǼʶһЩޣȴδսǣβ˵ͷӦš
ŷĵĵ˵ͷ
Խ룬ΧľҲԽĻ
ͻȻһŨӲ֮ͣΣƺǸӦʲô漴ͻȻһ˶Ϣͣ
ע⡭ж
˵漴Ա״ҲǺԥĶΡüͷ΢һ壬漴̽ȥ
͸ΧӲݣԼ䣬ǰʮ״Ĵ֮УͻȻOO@@Ĵһ춯ݵĿҲǶʱ΢ʱһͷҰһޣǴ֮У˳
ҰȻͷȴǱҰһ࣡ǿ֪Ҳǧ
һд̳ɭȻõ˲ɵͷë˵ϡǰ֫׳֫ȴǼΪСȻȴһֹЭ֮ë֮һɫΰƣǿһɱ뺷Ϣ
Ĵ֮ҧŰضʬ壬ʬȻֻʣ°أ޷ֱ澿ΪޡֻϡƲһͷ޵ʬ塣
һ˫ɺɫ˫ͫ߱߾ɨܡȻߵǰʱȴͻȻ·ʲôӦһ㣬͵ͣеİʬҲ˳һ죬ɺ˫ͫԼģ˲ĵط˹
׳ëޣ
ϳ˴ޡ
˵ͷͻȻŤͷ˵Сݣаս£
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һ˵ͷ漴èΧӲݵڻë޵ķȥ
һֱޣ˵ţǾƭ˵ġֽ֮Уȴ͸һ˿˷ܡ
ȻסеıɫҪʵҪĥ似ԣֻñֳĵڵʵӦͷëޡ
˵Сܳɹ𣿡
֮أСĳԱȴǵǶĿǱжȥΣ¶ڴ
˵Сȷǲеǳϫϫ̫ߡëȴԷСҪ׵ֻЩѡ
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ͬĵ˵ͷСݵȷǲսɲֻѡ˵СǵڡϫĹǿë޵ķȷˡ˳֮£ֻ´սһӲս
ٺ٣ҿһ׼·ɡһԵȴͻȻһЦ˵ˣһ㶣漴Ҳ¶˼εЦ⡣Ŀ⣬еǱȥϡ
ʵǰݲľޱƵʱ򣬵СĳԱǾѾֻͬͬͬǱϾûмʶʵĻҲ
ݣѾϢǱ˾ë޲ʮ׵ľˡ
ꡱ
һȴͻȻݵĽɫһ漴ȴ¶һ˿Цͷëޡ
Ȼһʱͷë޵ע⣬ɺ˫ͫڵķͶˡ
սȻô׵İ
̾һȻ漴ȴһϣΣȻ
ݵ֮ʱͻһӰֱֱĳë޶ȥǳɫڵĳϫʱȫȻʣ
𣡡
ëɺͫ׶ʱײĹâͷһ֮͵ĳ̤ӭϣ
ϣһһޣʱһײ
ë޵ķӦȻЩݵϣʱһ׼˶Է˫ͫȥĳȴΪԷͻȻĶʧȥ׼ͷݲδңüͷһ֮䣬꽣ȻȻʩչ̼͸һâΧĿųֱ̣Ҳ˼

һȴݵɫȻһ䡣ֻоԼһ·ǺݺݵĴһӲʯһ㣬û˿ȻţгȻɾҵĻȣſ壬һǺݺݵĴëƽĶͷ֮ˣ
ȻôӲ
жʱȻȴûʱϸ룬ë޵ĶͷֳɾҵĻȣͬʱһҲǺݺݵĳݵĸ·Ҫһ½һƶǣ
ɫ䣬͵һҧȻһ˫̧ëа˫ǰһ˲䣬ݺݵĵë޾޴ͷ­֮ϣͬʱϫԽк漴˫һʱԾ˰գת˼֮أ˵ϣ
𣡡
Ȼһţë˵ȴûаֵãǽײȫļ˳ͷٶȿһضɽҡë޷񱼣ͷݺݺݵĳ˹
ݵɫһ䡭ϫıȻûжã
ȻʱȴϸʱȻӵ߸ߵԾ𣬳֣˫ĿȴŴ¿ëޣҲɱ̸ʲô̤۷壿
ͷǹԲǰļӲҾ͡
˵ЩԾȻΪ侲ë޳µһ˲䣬˫ͫͻȻ˾â͵һͦζʱڿֹһ˲漴ֳֽɫâʱȫ漴Ȼë޵ĺ󱳴ȥ
Ŀꡪ


56 սʶ
˺
һƤ￪һʱ
ݸоидɫʱһϲȻȴ˿͵һת漴һͬʱ˫ȻݺݵĲë޵ı֮ϣһ˳ƣеĳҲ͵ĴߣٶԾ
𣡣
һɽֵʹ֮ʱë޵ĺͷ˳ƬƬѪĲϣӿ
Ȼǿ᣿˵һת֮Ƿһ֮Ѿضϣô̼Ȼô׵ġ
ɺ˫ͫɢĹâĴ״Ƶëһ˲ֱ·һ޴Ĵһ㣡ë޷ײУʹôأҲ΢΢
һͷƤʱ΢Щ
ǿޡ
ߣ
ڴʱȴͻȻ֪ʲôʱѾݵߣлһ䣬ݵ֣ͳ˲ķ񱼶ȥ
ֻһ㶣漴Ҳæı飬΢һ˼Ҳˡ
˴ϪȻ޿ǼΪܼġëһͨײ֪Ҫ˶ޡʱܣʱ
һʱ䣬СĳԱǱԼٶȣ

ʮ֮󣬾֮ǰս֮һ֮С
ܳˡ
г³һЦ
ôû˵ɣеĴЦ
ˣԶεҡͷЦ˳
ԶԶģһͳŭ֮˹ڼ䣬ԼëԽԽ˻Ȼëޣˡ
ݵɫʱ΢ĬƬ֮ڻ˵Բ𡭡
ûϵҵһսʱĻëأ㻹ҪǱĶ࡭˵ëޣѾˣ
йЦݵļ򣬿ο
ʵ⵹ҲȫĿοԷʵҲˡë˵ֻ׳ڣʵʵҲΪӽڡ˵ܷڵĳϫһϫĹͲǿڶëԵޣǼǿͬȼĽԹƿƤë֮⣬ԵĹûаְ취ġԷǵǶԹķףǡԡ˺Ҳǲסݵһֱޣ޶սûаֵľ顣
ĻݸûжʤġȻݣȴӲǽԷĶгˡȷΪ𾪵ġ
ëһ㡣һ㣬˫ĿȻ󲿷ֵ˫۶㣬ȽһЩۡڶ㣬ղŹĶ˵ģҵ㣬ȷҴһһԵͻȻ˵ݵУżּһ˿ľ̾
һޣҵȲ֪㡭˵ȥġֻ˵Էսʶǿǳǿ
֮ˣһֱëӴ˱ŰϢޣܱסһƽ̬ˡ˵ڵһĹʧ֮󡭡ʱ򣬴󲿷ֵˣ϶᲻һ־塣
ȻûУ
ڵһιʧ̵֮ʱ͵Լ̬ܽһԼ侲ȻڵڶεĹ֮УҵԷԱȽϱ㣬ڵһʱжϣй
侲ϸϡĴҪأȱһɣ
һˣǳɳĻһʵڷǳڴ
ס޵Ƿǳǿʢģɤŷǳĸߡ»϶Էʱ򣬱˽Ҳ˳ٲһǱˡһԹЦ
ݵɫ΢һ죬ҲЩ̾
Ȼ˵һ£ʵԱһ£սһ¶սУҹȻǲ侲
ݺԼʱֱжϳë޵㣬˹֮иԷʱȴЩˡǺ¶ԷķԸû뵽иԷܡʱиεǿᣬҲԳŲõġŪôĶԶ޸ˡ
ȻҪĥ
ݿЦ漴ȴǺѯ磬˵ëҪһ۾ڶǶôʲô
һ㶣漴ŹֵЦ˳
ǾջһԹЦ
һЦ˳
ջӦͨõɱ˰ɣ

һ̸ͨЦΧȥԶҲͣ
ŤͷһۣЦŵˣĥɻüǼɡ
СĳԱԶ¶ЦݣŴֵǰȥ


57 ս
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޼ҵĵϪ֮УڷԣȪߣڴֵĸ䣬Ƚײһ޽
ⲻͨУǵ似սսпѪȵ֮ս
Сݣ㿴áսֻǿԶԶġսϣĲһֻһͷޡʮͷͷ࣡޷룬ֻ֮ӲʱıԼǿյĽǷǳĲҵԣҪѧսҪѧСģõս
ϪһܼĴ֮УСĳԱͲ֮С
ǰ׿һȪߣһͷͨҰͨľޣɺͫĹ۲ܣ̽Ȫ֮ˮģ֪΢һ紵ݶͻᾪ
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ϪȽϳĻޣǻԵޣ޹ܴﵽ׺ڵĳ̶ȡҪ˫ͫջ֮⣬޼ΪҪѡͨԣҪɱǵĵһѡ񣬶˫Ŀ
꿴ǻ˵ţ֮˸һ˿ĺâ
ھõڵʵɱͷޡ㿴ˡ
ŤͷһۣȻճèŻ޵ķǱ˹ȥ
֪ڽ̵΢ж¸˿ҵ˫ĿǱȥΡ
ֻͬһֻǱ֮УߵӲݣҲδвı仯
һݵͻȻ΢漴¶̾ɫ
ҵľȷ̫Щ֮ǰ͵Ϯͷëޣڹؼʱ̾Ȼûע⵽£˶ëע⵽ҡ׵ľ룬ڶԷʱ̣ͻȻɱ˵кܴİտһٴжԷ˫ۡȣҵǱ֮ʵ̫һЩ
ݵɫ΢ĿЦҡҡͷ
ǣѿǱУ⣬ʵȴŸġ
ǱУʵȴΧĵΣֲܣǷ綯ķżĹЩӰǱټһ̣·ȫ˰εڱǱʮ֮󣬶ʱʧݵ˵֮С΢һƬӲݡȻӲ֮е꣬ȴֺۼҲû¶
ϴǱУ˺ܴĽ
һԵУԴ̾˵˳
ʮ׷Χ֮ʧΡӪأЩ֮⣬Ҳֻͼĵ߲ǿ˰ɣ
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仰ɫȴ΢ĺһ˿ɬ
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εҡͷЦ
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֪޻ֻҰ޵ɱ¾ܶѡսʽҲΪһȻǿ߿ȫͬ
ھŲǿߣһսḻ֮ǵսʽЩͽ׵޿֮Ტ۵ģȻڵԸһȽ׵Ըͽ׵˳Խɱ֮ͽ޲֪ҪӦٱǿߣ
ó˵ݣֻǺš
СݣҪˡ
ЦųһԵ˵ݵĳ˼ݵ˵ͷĿ⣬ǰ
Ȫߣͷ˿δвһصɱѾĳƽˡȻһɺ˫ͫעܣһߵͷóѪȪеˮ
ȻһӰͻȻ׵Ĵ֮У͵˳ο磬һźɫâĳȻֱ̣
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һǺͻȻ죬漴ǷǿȻţţһ۵ĺâȴǴĿбһ棬󣬴ĿֱֱָĺӰ
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ȻӰȴ˿ûлң·ѾԷķӦֻ͵һ٣漴ȻһȻǴ̶ֱĻ֮˹ȥ壬һ˲䣬ǻޡȻ޻عеĳȻһâȻֱ̣
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ݺݵĴ˻ɺĿ֮Уֻǻ˫ĿԲɣ·𲻸Լ˷ķȻǱԷ˫һ㣡
ȻǻٶȷǺӰĿĳٶȻۡһ죬û룡ţֻһ漴
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һѪʱţ޵ľ޴壬ݺݵ˵ϣõõҲʱһ¡漴һҲˡ
ղһѾĴһ˲䱻á޵εǿᣬԵҲ˲ʧȥ
աӰأ
ս̣ӺӰ̳ȻʮϢ
ʮϢ֮䣬һͷ׺ޣ
һĿ˸ĿվǻߵΡꡣ
û޽ս֮ǰݿΣֻ²о𾪡Ȼ޽ս֮ȴΪսЧʶеˡ
޵֮߻ȲԼڰ˲ȫ֮ٶȡȻȴҲȵеĵǿ˲٣ȻʹõĿǵڵ
£սȻ˵ɿݱˣ˲𾪣
ͻȻָоڵԼǱȫֱĻֻǡѲ⣡
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58 ɱ
ϴʮϢͽ
йЦߵߣļ
һԵĵϣոȥĻ޵Ŀ֮УѪһֻõɺͫѾȫȻȥٲǰǹײ뱩Ű
СĳԱһߵ˻޵ߣۿͷʬ
ĿнֱԲ˱һθɴľɱһ֮̾ĵ
ȴֻЦЦ漴ȴǿЩĬݡ
ôôЦѯʵ
ݳĬΣ֮˵ͷЩˡ
Ŷ˵üµĿݡ
΢ݿڵȣΧĵΣڱԼ綯ȻɹǱ޵ߡ漴ڽһ˲䣬ŪһЩ¶Լû޲ȻԤгԷܵķ֮еĶ㿪Էһɱ
ݿٵĻشһȻ漴ݵԽԽԽԽȴǹЦ
ããã
һ˵֣ݵ֮Уڵ¶˾̾
ϸĸҷһ𣿡˵ѾȷݵȷǿԼս껹Ҫһݵ뷨ԼȻûˣԼʮܵսʶ֮ǰǿǳǿڡֻֻˣ
һԵĵСĳԱǣҲĹЦ˹ɻĿˡ
ǱʲôľͲ˵ˡǱʮ⣬Ҳ޷ԵεãֻѾ뵽֮ȥˡ
ҡҡͷ漴һڽһ˲䣬¶ԼΣ¾ֻһĿġΪ˾ɱΪʱǱģľջ˵Ҳ㣬û´Ļ˴ֻȴءٲϾ
ĵ˵ͷջ˵Ǵ󲿷޵㡣ֻǣǵս½ȴ޷ڶʱţܷһ㣬ȷǲԽĵͷ˵أ
ݵ˵ͷԣŪ˶Ŀģû޷㣬Ȼֱ㡣Ϊֻеֱʱ㡪۾Ż㣬ܸɱĻᡣ
ָָߵȪЩ̾ĵˮһȪǻԵޣ˵ҪˮˮǼΪġֻޱܡԵͻΣյʱʶĶܣԲȪȥԣѾ׼ˣҶܡţȻΪ˷ֹһû´Ļ㵱ʱҲһǽұߡֻұȥҸ߸ߵԾܶܿĹ
۾ٶһȻЦŵ˵ͷȷһһΨһһ˿ţұߡ׵ľ룬ͻȻϮţֻҪǻ޵Ļ˵̫ܶ˺Ҫлûʲôġ
߸ߵԾ𣬶һιʱ򣬱Ѿעܵһξɱ޵ǳֻڿУʱһƿơԣ߸ԾȻ󹥻Ȼ׼֮ǰһٶܵһûʲôǵһ̣Ǽ֮¿ˡ
ݵķһ̾ȻΧСĳԱȴ㿴ңҿ㣬漴ǿԼе𾪣
ݡһֻսһεķȻ͸Ȼǽһξɱйؼ㣬ȫ˳
Լ˽սʱΣһɫ¶˼ߺ졭ȣǵʱı֣ޱ׳ݣƺҲݴˡ
ݵĶδҲֲ̫˰ɣ
ж뷨
͵Ŀݣеڡ
ĲôսҪ㣬ʲôط𣿡
˵ͷ΢˸ֻɱ¾ܡֻҪⱾܿԼУٽΧĻɵĸһɱ
˵꣬ȴӿһ˿ɬЦݵҪֶ뱾ܡȴ׵¡
е˵ͷȷˣʱȻ׵ĺܡȻ޽սȴƷסҲûģĶЩõģֻҪܽᣬ޵ʱ򱣳㹻侲һ죬ЩΪıܡ
˵꣬ٶЦŵңɱ޵սʽֻսʽһֶѡԺ֪ɱޣʵкܶսʽġ
Ļһ㶡Ȼȴһ˵ͷ
Цŵ˵ͷȻһѾȥĻޣЦѪζѾĴˣò˶ñҪ߻㼯ˡ߰ɣĥ
СĳԱҲһع漴󣬳һ򣬼ǰ

ݿʼԼϪġ
ÿһգ˵Ĵ֮£Ϫɽ֮УѰ䵥ޣĥԼ似Լʵս顣
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СĳԱһ̾ݵĽ
侲ĴԣֲĹ۲붴һѧϰ
һۺʱ򣬻ʲôĹǰ˲֪Ȼ֪ˡ
ݣɾһ
һϾԲῴڶΡǱϤĽ̵֮£ױȵٶȷšڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڣѾӵʮʧεǱ֮ܡ˵֮ʮʧεǱбԶˣΪ֮ĥ갡ݡŶã
Ǳв˵սҲǷšСԱһԶɱ޾ḻ֮ѾϿݣȻ˽ָľɱʽҲǴǵһһչݵǰ
ÿ˵սʽǲͬóΧĻԼ޵ıܷӦ֣չһξɱóģȴԷЧĽʹ¶շɱսʽԼȻؼ֮ץס޵Ӷɱ빥ǳķȴСԱ֮ɫġսʽ޹Ȼ¶һɲȻɱ
Щݲ֪սķʽȻ֮ࡣԭսδʲôض·߹涨һԼõأֻҪɱԷǺõսʽ
ЩĿݵս˼·ͬһ޴ĺһе֪ʶսҲ£Ȳš


59 и⾳
ǵڰ˲ڵǿߣȻսѷֱ߲ҲûбʤġȻڣӵ㹻ֱͬȼǿߡս鲻κԲսʶǱȴ󲿷ֵ˶Ҫǿս֮Уһʼ΢ҵѾܱսеֹˮ侲
ף̬֮أ
侲ϸ󣬹ϡͨôս֮ܽĴսؼء
ݣĿ꣬һһȻᶨǰš

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Ϫڣδɽ̫Զһ֮Сݣ˫ȣһɫ⻬Ĵʯ֮ϣ˫ƺż˼ʱ̧ͷ죬ʱȥֵͷء
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һµʱ䣬ݽë޵ʱѾܹʮϢʱԵڳϫһľɱ֮һ֮ǰǱ벻֪룬ֱͬˡ
ݵĳɳСĳԱǷ·ҲǸоһ˿ѹһҲî˾ԷɢԼµõ似
ϾʱȵġҪһ׷ϣЩϳԱȴְڵʲôطȥȻ־δ˵ڣȴһΪߵĽʹȻ
ûˣԸⱻһ׷ϡ
ˣ֮ǰޱȬ֮˱Ƿɢ˿
еʱ򣬽˵ľõķеʱһ˾ĸȴǱȽ˵ľõЧáԣСԱҲɢ˿
ϪɽͱԵֶǵĽף׵ޣСԱʵֻҪСһЩʲôΣաҲõġ
Ҳˣݣʱ䣬һˣߵĴ֮С
ݾУ·һЩĪʱԻʱãʱ¶һ˿Ȼʱȴһ⡭·ǽ뵽һĪ⾳֮С
ȻͻȻƽı˫ۣˮӣ䡭
Ȼζˣ
ȻĶ·һ˲䶼һϸ΢ͣ٣ţֻ壬һ˲Ȼһ˿㱡·һ˲䣬壬뵽أ˵뵽ⳡϸ֮һ㡣
ӰζȻһֻǳôһ˲ѡ漴

һϧ̾͵͵ĴݵĿд˳ǣһ˿εĿЦ̧ͷա
죬·һЩĪ򣬵ȴҲ԰סô£
΢üͷ˸·ΪԼʧܵԭɻ
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һ˿֮ɶڵһθʱѾεļһַǳǳĸоֻҪоһΣǡ
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ʵЩɻŪ׾ʲôطԾȴ޿κΡ
һ˿ɶ뵽֮ȥ뷨ڴ޵Ĺನ֮ӳϣͲ˵뷨뷨ĳɹ˵Ļô˵ʵõһʵķԾЩԵоḻͬȼǿߣǸһȼǿߣռ̫ıˡ
ǿϧʧˡ
һ֮һеɫҲȴһ˿ᶨ
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׵ı˳ǻʲôȤ⾳ôɶôݣһҪͳͳһġ
һšȭͷٶ̧ͷգȴһĨŶڴЦתӪأȥ


60 
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꣬ݱͻȥǴ֮еϵطһꡣۿӿж̬׹ڵ֮飬û죬ӿеɶ
ֹˮž޲Ѿѧ˴һʼļ꣬תΪڵĴ뵭ţֻҪԼ̬һգһ˿ɶ裬ɹ뵽Լ似֮ȥ
磬޷Ļôݱһ뵽Ϫ֮ȥѰ䵥ޣĥԼǱ֮սķʽԼս顭
ȻȻԼ޴󣬵ͬҲ֪ڵԼɱ鷽棬ȻǳѷĿǰΪֹ䵥޳֡ף޵ʱȻæҡ
ļԲȶֻȽʵĳһ׾ٵڼϢ֮ɱһͷޣҽԻ뵽Լı֮ȥʱŻȥսͬʱս
Ȼ似֮⣬ݵķҲȲ֮С
ڰ˲㳱ϫУͨ²ϵУڰ˲ڵĳϫһ̣ʱпͻƵڰ˲ڡ
öѾµʱˡʵһΣȴ幹ʲô᪻ųƷһƷ׵ҩ֮ҩЧڰʱȫķϣΪ˷˹ҩЧڳı硣
ԣѾ˴㡭ԼﵽھŲ۷Բʱ򣬱ͷã
ʮ㣬ԽԽʮһǳؼĲΣԽһ㣬ǿԾţһٳΪǿߣ˵ǹؼһͬҲУһ
ʮ۷Բٽһ졭
죬ߵ룡

ϪĻƻ裬ϼ죬͸ͷɴԵʣɢ˵ѪҺɷˡ
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νġ񡱣ɶԼڷЩͨǰϪɱ߽ϣ˽׵ǿޣȻЩ޵ָλӪظ
ϪĿģɱϵǿߣΪ޵ĽӰˡ⡰֮ȻмĽġЩе似ееǵҩеװȵȵȵȡһ㣬֮Ƿǳķ
⡰񡱻¹żܻõ棡
ȷһ޼ҵӵС飬һɱ߽׳޵֮󣬳СԱõĽ֮⣬޼Ҳǻõһ֡
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һԣ߽׳ڵޣɵõһ߽֡ڣɵõ߽֡׺ڿɵõʮ߽֡׺Բɵõʮ֡˽׳ڣɵõʮ
Ϫϣ֪ǿޣǰ˽׺ڡɱһͷõĻ֣ٸ֣
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ڼĽ
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˵˽׺ڵޣҲ̫ǿκһϵļ֮Уĸûм˲ϣǾŲ㣬ʮǿߣü󱲽Ȼɼǿֻ߳ɱϵλأǿԴԼĻ֣
ҪС˶ڣǼȻŪĹ򣬱ͲΥ
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֮˿ҲǲٵġϪһ鱦أͨ󱲵ӵŬÿʱ򣬶ٶܴӶԼڵϵõһЩôķ似ҩȵȣһ㡣Щܴʵʮʱ䣬Ϫеʧ֪
ü֮ԭԼʵ൱ܱ߼壬ΪϪϵõ˺ôӶĻ
ˣڣѾûκμ嵨ҿͶȡƭȡˡһϣҲֳڵһǿˡ

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61 С飬չ
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Ե˵ͷҲ΢пôʱӴ֮СԱƢҲ¶һЩΪӳļǿҴĻǣ㶼պɾͣǲ͡
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ȻˣǿЩ԰ɡձҪˣɲҵСͷǣԣЦ
΢ЦòٶԼӿ

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ҪϪһһأʮ죬ࡣڼȻҪ׼һЩر֮ġҩƷʳȵȡ˾ԶߣԵһдӼˡ
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ȻҲȫȻûжԸ޵İ취˵ǿĹ֮߳ר޵ġ󡱵ȵȣרԸ޵ġ
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һ֮̾˲֪ͨ쳽ҲʲôֶΣ˼Ŀ֮ˡ⡭Ҷɡ
˵꣬ԵЩɺĻ˻֣ȥɡ
΢漴֣ת뿪˷䡭
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޼ҡ޼Ұ
ٶ̾תӰû˰

Ϫڵǵ֮ǰݱидھ˵һ·̵ʱԶĺƽǱ˵ȫռȥȷʵС
ԽǿϪ޵ĵȽҲԽߣҲһʼ䵥޾Ӷ࣬ģȺԵ޾Ӷࡣ󲿷֣ޡ
һ·룬䵥ޣСĳԱǱǽɱĥԼ似·ĳȺ޵ĳѨƿС
֮⣬˶Ǿḻ֮ҲԽ֮ˣһ·֮ϣҲ޾յİȻȹ
ʱ䣬һζ
Ϫһ֮С
СĳԱĹ۲ܶӻȡһƤᣬüͷ΢ĿšʱһƤᣬʱ̧ͷһܣƬָ֮һ
ǰһѪѻĳѨѪѻԽӾ㶼ʮΪӴ󣬲ܴ⡭ǴߣҪɽ壬ǿԵǰҹè޵ϳˡ
ŤͷȥɽǲСɽҪУֻµúķѲٵʱ䡣
׷޵ĳѨȣʱȻ㲻ʲôˡƵŻҲɽ壬жȥ
ԼĪʱҵʱ֮ͻȻ΢һΣĳһһۡ
һʮأֻ΢ͣ٣ͻָ
һĨâĴ˸
ɫֻƬָֻ̣ûκ˷֡
ǰ

֮Ϫ
žܼûŵ棬ŵ֮Щֲ֦Ҷ֮ǰ˵ϪˮǼġһ·Ѿϵĵꡣϸÿնһʱ䡭
СĳԱһͱڱԵȻѨ֮а
žĵϧӳճɫӰӡȻѨ󣬵Ҳ̫СҶвٵֲڱΣⱻڵʵʵǲõı޷
ԶһǺĴ˷ҹƽ˼Լ졣
Ϫ޵硣޵磬ɱ¾硣ǵɱ¾֮࣬䡭
ǴĴַǿʳŲ
Ϫɶãһ쵽꣬ȴǷ˵ĺܣ
ҧһڴɣһйŵľƣҰ죬ŶѨĴ꣬Ŵû֦Ҷ
ߣͨˮһֽܵ񡭡
ôҵûදǲ͡
ƲƲ죬˵
һۣȴԸһۿֻܺߺɶвŮŤͷȥǵ϶ʱֳһ˿Цݡ
ΧԣޱݵߡĽ޼ҩ£ǰѾȬ˴γȻҲҪͬеġ
ҲһȾ޼ҩЧޱƵȣȻһƬӨ͸ѩϾԲۻĹû˿覴á·Ǽⶼ˹ȣͲޱһ㡭ʵǲ˾̾С
磬Ȼ̫˾̾Ķˡ
ǵˣ˴ǰҹèϳǼղʱͿԵִˡ
ɣظĸо
һ·˵޾աһ·Ҳ˲ٵޣʱʱ̿ҪȺ޵أСԱ˵ҲķۿҪͷˣظ֮УҲĽ
СԱԣҲӶЦ˳ȷǵˡ
磬ǰҹèޣ߽׺Բޣٶ֮죬ǹھ߽ޡ˵ֻҰޱܣҲɵ֮ǲǸúϼһ£
һֱδ˵ޱƣͻȻ˵
ޱƵĻһҲǿꡣ
á˵ͷһЩƽϡôҺϼƺϼƣɲС


63 ս
ԣҲ˾񣬿ꡣ
껷һ֮󿪿˵ҹèΪġڰԡޣ֮Уٶȿ죬ǿԣȴУͬʱĵͣͨ˵ڵҲܶвԣֻסٶƣǱлᡣ
Զǵ˵ͷҹèٶ֮죬ھ߽һޣסٶȣȷлᡭ
СԱ֮УгϫģˡУǵڣСǵڣڡ۵ʵȻԶ԰ҹè޹ɶв˵֮ӹһ˿ŵЦݵǣĻ˵׽ҹèɱֻǣסٶȣȴҲǲܣ
ϫˮԵĹˮԹ죬ǱԡԵĺʣȴǿòٵ޾ٲά衭
ĻȴüͷҲֻǣһ˲Ѱɣǰҹèٶ֮죬Գ󡭡ƾƵˣȫĿס
ƾƵˣҪȫǣٶȣȷΪѡĻȻЦŵ
ǡҪģֻһ˲ѡҪģŬĽһ˲価󡣡
ɻĿꡣ
뾧ĿľľԣǲơСĺԿһΧ֮ôزһݵĲڰҹè޵ٶȱƵһ˲䣬Ƶľ֦صĲͬʱϮΪһ˲ʱ䣬᲻һЩ
۾һ漴ͷϵϿľĻȷһ˲һġ˵꣬΢üͷһ˲Ҳ̫ˡʲôأ
һ˲ǳĹؼΪֻһ˲ʱǵĹŻ԰ҹè޲Ӱ죬ҲŻᰴҪķʽȥܡǣһ˿Цݡ
˵ԺУʾʤǿĻɱͷ޵ĳ޴һʼͱƵģԾܣٿе޷ΣһԼɱغһֻѪ۾
˴Ҳǰһ
Ʋļƻ԰ҹè޵ٶȣҲƲϫΪҪٶȵĹȻںϸϣȴû͸ˡ
ȻණҪȥѧϰ
ƻʹСÿһԱֹȷϫ߿ƶԷٶȣľЭͬսöйзţʹҹèӴܡذؼʱ̣ɱ
һĲ֣
Σǰҹèޣߵͷ
ϴս֣һֱ޼ҵҪѧϰĵ䷶
СԱһʱ䶼ǹЦһĲ֣Ļֻޱܵİҹèս֣ؽǼΪҵ
ˣ͵ɡյȵ˰ҹè޵ĳѨ֮ٸݵλλáڴҪġ񣬺úõЪϢһգһ߽׺ްҹè޵ͷ­ӪأΪ޼һս
Цţ˵Ļ
ã
˶ʱǴЦ
һУֻյˡ

ٶ̸Цһ֮󣬱ǸԷԼļڡݣҲǻصԼ
ϥڼ׵ı֮һ֮ȴͻȻ̧ͷĿǰĿ⣬·Ǵ͸񣬿ŵĶѨ֮⡭
ĺâת˿һ˿˼ü䡣
Щβգӣˡ
뿪Ӫز֮ݱѾһ֧鰵и󡣵ʱո뿪Ӫأ޼ҵҲвٽɽģ˵ˣδлɡ
ȻЩβ˰֮ãǸǵⰵҹè޵ĳѨĿģȻʡ
ΪβȽԶܹ֡ȴǲ֪ɱ֮ʱǶ̴ٵ˻֮Ȼǵ١Ƿɱ֮ʱܷĲ
Ŀɫš
ֻ֪˴ǰˣ쳽쳽ĻڵʵҲƴһ˵ĻЩˡ
üͷ˼šҲ֪ĿԲ󡣱Ͼ쳽ڰ˲ԲʵԸԼڵСӣֵαҪһˣ
ɶĻǴ򲻹Ҳһ˿ƴ֮ϧ
εҡҡͷɫЩơ̧ͷžĴ֮ͻȻվΣ΢ü漴ſӣȥ
ŻЩʱ䣬ҽձڸһϡܳɹҲͶ˼ֱϡ
ݣ߳˶Ѩ


64 ҹ򣬡֮ɶ
Ѩ֮⣬޺ǹ裬Ǻݺݵڵֲ֦Ҷ֮ϣƬ顣Զգִܲ˵ڴ˿Ҳɢƣǿǿա
ݿгѨڶ֮΢ͣ٣̧ͷ˿գ΢漴ȴǲԥ粽Զ˶Ѩ
Զһǲڶ֮£ɱ¾ȻδƬͣЪ
ݱڱ֮пУʱ̧ͷƣʱͷΣʱĿʱĿ˼
֪˴ǡɶ֮༸㱣֮ȻǣҲ֪ڸ֮ʱĴ룬³ˡҪڴ״̬֮¸ȻǧѡԣҪԼʹ֮ﵽž޲˿ĵزп򡭡
Ĳһֱй仯һ̤£һӣ죬죬ݵ
Ĳ仯Ȼ˵ĸоȴŲƶģĲͬ
һʼһǸһ֡߶֮У˵ݣɫ֮䣬ܻǶ˼鸡뼱١ȻһһĽ棬·뵽Ⱪ֮һ㣬²δ䣬Ȼ֮еָдȴǴһʼԴ٣ƽϢٵȫ
һһɽһ£Ʒ·һɽȻһ㣡ᶨƣʯݵڴʱȻƽ˼£Ŀƽ֮͸һ˿ɣݡ
ĳһ̣
ǣ
һ磬ȻʣŹڵӺȻ̧ͷӸ׻Ķ˵أйâ˲ţ
վ֮УŲ񷡣һ˿ʣȻıӰ
ݷ·ԼеĿΪΣԼ֮أɶеС
ɽص߷붷Űɱ鲼񷡭Ȼһз·ڵݣްֹϸ
·һףǽݴһһ㣡
ݵıã·ǳĳرξ֮СĶûǴ˷ɱ¾֮ʣµģֻžǹ·Ǵبһֱ͸
Уû˸߸ߵɽ壬û˺Ũ֣ʣµģֻһƬΣеƣԼʱƲ㣬漴ɢɫ绡
ɶΪɶ
ã֮·Ǵĳ֮֡Ǵ֮֮䡭
صɶܼɶɶһâɶ
еãԽŨ·һߵܣģ·𶼳һȴµ˼µ֮С
ɶʲô
еãʢ·ͬһ⣬ʵϣȴȻͬ⡣
һʵǡʲôɶ
һʵǡɶʲô
һ
ʵǱ
һ
ʵǱԴ
㱼䣬ݵη·챩֮УƮޣʣ·һŻⱩ֮䣬·ʱҪɢȥ
ǣ
Ȼ֮һ֮׺Ȼը죬һ绡·Ҫƿһ㣬Ȼ䣬˺գ·أҲһը֮ͻȻһ㣡
ݵΣһը֮УͻȻȻʣղƮ֮Уȴ̼ɢӰ٣
ݵҲһը֮УȻָһ֮󡭡
𣡡
Զɱ¾֮Ķ䡣֮ɽͣĻ֣ӳͬһȻоһ㣬һУָ

Ȼȴû֮ǰģʤ֮СΡȻ̾Ȼʧ
漴һҲƽ
䣡
ֻһ֮Ȼը죬漴ͼݵһ֮䣬Ȼʧԭأٳ֣Ѿʮ׿ĵط
һζһϢʱҲûУȻⲻһϢʱݵΣȻǺʮ׵ľ룿⡭
̫ˣף磡
֮ɶ
ݾУУȴ˸
ˮ֮ڣˮУˮСɢۣ֮ɶ
Ʋ㣬۶ɡˮˮƾ棬֮ɶ
磬ƲĦײɣˮˮ𣬱֮ɶ
ͬΪƲĦײɣ׾֮ɶ
֮ɶֻˮصɲ֮䣬Ӧˮ֮Զ֮ɶ


65 ײ
еԽȻ֮ȴΡȻ֮̾Уһ˿ź
ϧһףȴҴľ֮оѡĻ
ݵԺ֮УԺеһ桭
ãۣ֮СȻȴһĪһֱǣ̲סҪһ̽һ㡭ݺȻȴΪǵڼһ˲䣬˹֮ǰ·ǿޱ޼ʵǿա
иУϡһһж˵ģôɣ
̾һ֮ȴ¶һ˿Цݡһ˿źҲڴ˿̱׳⡣漴ȴǿԼ壬һ˿οЦ
ҵ岻ǿᣬֻʹظӣǼʵ֮󣬷ˡ򣬲˵УԼҪΪ죬ˡҲʡ
¶һ˿Ρ
ҹ֮Уǵõ֮ϲˡǵֻȻ֮ɶ֮ʣ似ķõܴĽ
֮ǰ˵ĵھŲҪһҵʱ䷽ܴﵽиУֻúһھŲͻƣ
꽥Ъٶ̧ͷһۺѹѹƲ㣬¶һ˿Цݣתѭʱ֮·ȥ
˲Ӧ׶ɣͳ֮Ϊײɡ

ݷضѨ֮УδоκˣǻصԼ֮ڡһ£˲㳱ϫʱǽ֮ϵˮȥâȻǻָ˸
һ֮˫΢գâٶת붨ȥ

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һ£ȴǽϴһ壬ʵҲƻҳһ㱻ˮϴһգ¶տɫաҲ¶µҷĴһ˿Ѫȡ
ݴ붨֮ѹŵ˶Ѩ֮µϢ
վΣһӣһ󳭶Ǵؽ֮˳̩ͨݣ̲סһ¶ЦݡճʩײʹУѾȫʧˡ
ջǲСײҲ˵ϫУҲΪ⾳ϵͻơڰ˲Բ֮ȻЩɶڰ˲ڵͻƣ
аš
ײĸ̫ЩڵǿȣҲûа취ʱʹġǿȱͨĶܹһӣֻܾײˡ
ײٶ֮죬Ѿȫ˵նɱһʱٶȡĸһֳءҲΪҲǲͣﵽ˵ڰ˲ڣ򡭡˵ãΪ죬ˡǳ⵵£ɾˡ
⴫һ󶯾ȻСԱѾݻһӣ˳ȥ
Сݣ˰ݸǿ¶Цݣһк
ţ㣬硣
ҲЦŵ˵ͷ˿ܣСĳԱѾ˹ˣʰ˵Ʒ
ͨϪµĳϦദѾõ˵С˳ԱϿɣദ֮ҲǼΪǢ
Цŵ˵ͷЩʰ׼ˡ
š
ЦӦһ֮ʰ
ʵҲδʲôʰģ𿪣һܱı죬Ȼɰ״ǿˡܿģ˶Ѿʰϡ
껷һܣȷʲô֮Ц߰ɣ
˵˵ЦЦУٶ̤ɱҹè޵ó̡

֮ʱˣһɽ֮ǰ
һλ߷֮ļйȣĲݴԵüΪߡոո¹꣬һƬŢֲɽȶֲ֮УԵüΪ
Ĵ˴СĳԱѾϵЦݣ侲֮͸ž裬Թ۲ܡмλãͷ˿еƤ״ĵͼ̧ͷ˿ܡƬ֮ǵ˵ͷ϶
˴ǰҹè޵ĳѨˡ
ڵˡ
СԱ΢һһ
˵ղֵʱоɡϾǡ߽׺ڡǿޡ˵ţƭ˵ġ
ǱнȥΣԵһᡣ꿴һ֮΢ü漴˵
ɽȿȥɭȻŰҹèޣ˵ΣķҲǺΪóȻ룬ֻ½ؽҵ
ǱСԱ֮ǿĴڣȽȥ̽һȷʺûˡ
磬СЩ
˾㶼ĵĿꡣЦһ˵ͷ漴һĿĶǰΣǰǱжȥ


66 쳽ɻ
׾߲ڣⰵҹèҲ߽׺ڵޡ˵Էʵ󡣵Էٶ̫ˣûа취ϵġ
ϣ˵սˡԣҪΪһ˲ʱ䡭
ʮ֮Σʧ˵֮ССԱҲ;Ĺ۲ܣͬʱĵȴ

ʮ壬Ѿ˰ҹè޵ĳѨ֮ǰˡô죿
ھݵȵСԱһ֮Уһ֧飬ǱС
֧ԼĪʮңݵڴˣ׵ķֱЩˡ޺ڵС飬һСĳԱǣ
˵ģǵһСԱݺ޵ҧгݵ޺
ǾӸ£СԱ֮
޺̽ͷһ֮Ťͷһ˵
һͷƮݵںڳݶĮ޼ʮү쳽
쳽ҲǿŵСԱ֮أüͷ΢
ԵĿ֮⣬˼ˡԵɲض룬ǳȨڲȶ¡
ü֮ȴ¶һ˿ɻ󣺡ȴǼ֮ɱѵͲڲͻìܼ
ҴŴӱ󻹿ܴһǿߣǿܸǵ쵤ҩ˵жԴӼΪء֪£ֻǡ
쳽Щǵ̾һ漴ȴҡҡͷٶȻָһ˿
Ȼ״ΪһҪӣ£һԼ⡭
ӱҪĸɾץκεİѱ
ϧһ·βһֱ˴һ𣬵ûֵĻᡣڣҲò²ˡ
쳽΢̾С֮֮дһ˿ϧ
ֱɫ˿ΪõҩҲһƬݣܳɳҲʧΪһ˲šֻϧ˭ҪĶأ
ڡŶȡı쳽ҲΪԵĻ쳽Υ
һ쳽ָƽŤͷһԵһꡣ
¶ʮģȳȣмִ֮磬ò쳽߲ơ쳽֮ӣ޶

ӣ쳽Ҳ¶˼⡭Ӳʮ꣬Ѿǽе˵߲۷Բĳ̶ȣ֮ߣ޼Գ޷֮⣬Ҳֻ·֮Ტˡ
޶΢ͷĹ
ڴȴҲҪκ춯𣿡
޶һ㶣漴ͷǣ
쳽ŵ˵ͷתȴǿ˲Զһɽ塣һʱһӰɽ֮ȥ
һСĳԱǾԶһ㶡޺üͷһ壬ɻʮǡ
޶ҲĪ漴˵ҵ֮Ҳˡ֮ǰڴ˰ĵȴǡ
޶ڵһСԱ֮ߣһ쳽ʱĻһСԱȻǲΥͷǡ
޶Ѿʧ֮еĸ׵ıӰҲ¶ɻ󡭡

ʱ䣬֧Сĵȴ֮Уš
ϴôûʲô°ɣ
ʱţüͷǲԴǵĿɽȡ
ᡭǱҹè޷֣ʵҲ߲ڣٶϲжԷʱԷҲ׽ܡһֱʣδзʲô򶷡ٵȵȰɡ
ҡͷ˵˵ı֮Ҳ͸¶ֵǵĿɽȡȴʱѰġҲѹǹġ
ˡ
ĻŸ䣬ݵɫͻȻ΢һĿ⿴ɽһǣǴӲ΢һЩʱΣǴӲ˳
γֵʱ򣬵СĳԱɫһղŵĵǣʱɢ١
꣬ܿص˵ߡ
ϴôΣ
Ȳѯʡ
һĹȣ֦̫࣬ԵǵһЩ򡭡ڻصСԱ֮󣬲³һ漴ص
֮󣬳һЩӲݣǱˡⰵҹè߽ޣǼ亱ġڰԣϲľ沢ޣǱȽϰȫҪǱпϳҲѡ
˵˵ţȴ¶һ˿Цݣ춼ڰǡⰵҹè޵ϳһѨҶڲҹȥʱ͵͵ڶڿһۣڶк˯Ƿǲ֣ڿɱʮþȣ
СԱһ۾ʱ
ߣǱȥȻٷ񣡡
֣Ц˵
£Ĵ£СгԱԶǳɽ֮Ǳжȥ


67 α鵤
һСĲ֮
磬ǽɽˣ
һֱ۲Ƕ޺ǽɽȣæŤͷ޶˵
ţ޶üͷʱһ壬첽ǰĿȥȻСĳԱһѾǱʧ֮ǰڵĵط
ô죿޺ʵ
ʵûʲôޣرݶײ֮һֱоûӣ֮ܵԵ޼ݵ鷳Ǻ޼лᱨȻ¸߰ĺܡ
޶üͷ΢˼һ֮󣬵Ȼȣ
˵꣬ת߻ԭأ
޺һ漴¶֮⣬ݺݵŤͷݵʧĵط֮ϣ˿Ц⡭
Сõȶõģһڵնײҵġ޺֮ϣֳһ˿

ɽۣ֮Х
ɽϪĸߣһ£ûκε޻̤֮֮ͺͺɽֻ֮һĺĶѨѨŲٲĿ֦Ҷ鲼ܡ
ȻһӰԼٶȴɽֱ֮ɽ
Ӱٶȼ죬Ƭ֮ѾɽִۡǶһ̣ӰȻͣ
һϮ£ݿʣݾһ˫â磬Ȼֺ롣ˣ쳽
쳽˫ĿĶڣ˸漴ȴǴԼĻУСȡһżС
ݲ˷ֲֿ˼Ⱥ󱲣ǲǰֻɱݡΨһİ취Ҳֻˡ
쳽ţеɫȥƵշ޼˵Ļһһ˿ϧ
α鵤һ׳Ʒĵҩ޷֮ϴõطڶʱ΢ٿ޵־ǮҲ޴ﰡ񣬾ȻҪ˷
쳽̾һΪⵤҩеֵ
ݡϷ˷һŵҩҲ԰ˡ
֮쳽һɫһУʱһաα鵤ϵĻʱ鿪ʱһ˵ζŨζʱɽۿ֮УζȻճ·𲻻ɢȥһ㣡
쳽ĴָʳָʱͻһѪָۡһĨĨα鵤֮ϣ
ֻǱͨ徧Өα鵤ѪĨ֮󣬷·ǶʱѪһ㡣һתѪοŵҩһ־Ө͸Ѫ֮ɫ
쳽ɣЩָһʱǽǿŵҩ˳ȥƫУǶ֮ǰ쳽ΣҲʱ˳ȥѰһɽʯɽʯ֮󣬾ĵȴ
ŨζɽۣҲ޷Ũζɢα鵤ͬһӯħʯڶѨſڡ
ʱ

һ֮ȻӶѨ˳صݡ쳽ʱһ
ˣ
һȻǶѨ֮п˳漴һ޴ΣХŴӶѨ֮Уһ
쳽ʱ̧ͷȥ
񣡡
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⣬Ƿޣ֮УΪͷ۵࣡
ɳ֮Ŀ΢һɨ漴ɺ˫ͫʱ͹̶Ƕǰ缦Сα鵤ϣɺ˫֮ͫеѪɫʱǣ
˫һϣθ£һڣǽα鵤˶ӣʮ׵˫Ŀ磬ʹóĻ
ȻԶ֮һɽʯ֮쳽ȴһ˿Цݡ
α鵤˵ǡαģϾҲǿһƷڵҩ֮Сջ֮ǿһƷޣҲδܵˡ㵹Ǻøζ
쳽ţ漴һ˫΢
ֻ˫ͻȻٵĽһЩֵӡǣȻ䣬һ˿ѪɫĹߣָ֮Ӷ˫ֽĶԽԽ죬ֻܿһ˫ɫӰǰͣĽ

Ȼ쳽˫ĿһɣеĮ³һ
ᣡ
ʱ䣬к߶ʱǿҺâȻǻһѪɫâѸײڶ֮Ƴȥ
ĿƷζα鵤øоһ˿ӦûУѪɫâһ㣬ݺݵӡĶͷ֮ϣ


68 ׼ɱ

һ֮͸żҵʱ𣬵漴ȴȻֹһҵĲ֮Ҳǻָƽ
һǳɫëĶͷ֮ϣһӵѪɫӡǣɢŵĹâëڸǣϸȴǿС
ٿ쳽ɫ΢԰ף΢Щ١·Ǻķ൱һ㡭
û뵽ڵļһҲҪҺķ
쳽԰׵·һ˿ЦԼĺ
ڣпʲôҲ㡣ڰ˲ڵǿߣҪɱһڵߣ÷Ѷ
ϧɱݣЩһֱȵСĳԱһ𡭡ûֵĻᡣ
˵ӪظҶ֡
ϪʧٻĻ˵Ǳ߽׵޸ɱˡӪظͻȻʧ˵Ļ˭뵽⡣
ʲôԷԼһ˲ĽϪĻԣƭ˵ġ
ԵǣҪɾҳɵĿģΪ˶סԼܴܿݱδ֪ǿߡ
ʵϣ쳽֮ѡڽ춯֣ûлһԭ򡣻һҪԭǡҪ˵죬Ϊһ֤֤Ǳɱĳˡ֮֡
꣬ޱƵһĺӵܵĻŶȿҪϵʮ壬ʵȴǷһӪ˿ŶȸߵĶˡ
һ쳽ĺҲǽƽվΣ쳽˹ȥ
Ȼ˾ǡ쳽ĳ֣Ȼûбֳһ˿ķӦȻǴվǶ·ûз쳽һ㡭ϸĹ۲˫ȴǿԷ֡˫ͫȻɺ죬Ȼɺ죬ȴǲ֮ǰֳӯһײкɺ졭Ƿ·һѪҺԵΪ͵ɺ죡
쳽̧ͷһĸ˵ľ޴ȴͻȻһ˿Ľϧ
ϧֻα鵤޵ʱ估ޡҪ鵤ĻǾͺˡ
쳽ţ漴ȴҡҡͷһݣȻԾĺ󱳣
ĺ֮ϣ쳽ĶҲ΢ӿֳһ˿졭⣬Ƿﰡ
Уռ롣Ȼܷе࣬ȴëǡͳ˴󲿷˵׷󡭡
Ȼǲ׵õȶƷƷĵҩΪѵãֻΪ޵ıԾɱ¾Ҫ뽫̳֮ΪԼͨ˱С֮⣬ҪһЩؼĴﵽͨܳȥɱ޻
ַҲֻĴңɣĶǿߣпӵУ
һ£֮ϣǧնɱޱﳤȥƲ֮䣬Ʒһƣ֮СǺεȵο
쳽ȴҲ֪ЩҲֻһˡ
գܹһѳ񫣬һöα鵤Ҳ˷ˡ
쳽һֽקסǰһɫëͬʱһŹӡоâ΢£ȣߣ
һ֮ǰͷĺâҪĺ⣬ԣ˲ûĶͷ漴͵ɺ˫ͫͻȻâʢ˫Ȼչһȶ壬Ȼοն
ڿһ֮쳽ãĸ߿֮УԶԶȥ

ҹèޣϳڵɽ֮С
ݽԼһɵСԱɭȻɽ֮С
ĿȥһƬƬ֦ݺύ֮ϣźһݰҶˮѽЩҶݵϡáһŲ£ֻ涼ǱСǱҪְٶȣܵ˺ܴӰ졭
ѹ֮ǰôòųˡ
մȻǼǵ·ºͣ٣ǳšϳȥһεٶȣһ̽·Ҫ࡭
ûʱݵǰȻȻʡһɽȣʱӡ
Ҳɽ֮ǰ֣ͣʱͣ
Ǳǰҹè޵ĳѨˡ
΢¶һ˿Ц⣬˵˳ָɻȥ漴۾ʱ
ɽһ̫ɽɽλɽɽŵİݲλڣԵüΪʪɽΧǳ˸ֲһڸǿڵ
ֻǿһ֮ж¶˼˷ܺͿοĹâ
ֵΣֱרΪṩɱǰҹè޵ģ


69 Ѳ
ҹèޣ߽׺ڵޣǱȽġڰԣ˵ȴ˯ʱ
ⶴѨ֮ڱһƬΨлĲ֮дһȴӽ˴İемֹ졣
ˣһλáѹ˵èΪЩ΢һЩҲܾ˳˯ǣ˵ΪΪСģ¾˶Ѩеİҹèޡ
СݣƱԼǱѨҲࡣӣȥ࡭СݣƱԳϫ֮ǰĵ·⣬һΧĺ֮Ҳ֮ҹè޵ĳɹʡԼӣ˾͸ϡҹèޱɹסáûУ˱òݶѨ֮ǰܲסѾŰҹè޵ж𣿡
ݵ˵˵ļΪϸһˡͷ
˵ͷ˵С͹ͷС鹥ǿġ˲أֱӴ԰ҹè޷ɡСݵ˳ɹ˰ҹèޣǾֱɱСͽҲƣһҪԾҲܷܶǵĹûɣ
һۣȻɫΪ侲ĵ˵ͷ
һ۾â΢µĿ򰲾ʵĶѨ¶һ˿ΪѪЦݣգҪһľɱжɡ
£˱㶼ǳŸָλСĵǱжȥ
еʱ䣬ȻżΪӪŲңŲκε⡣
ҹè̫죬߽׺ڵޡþ֮Ҫɱѡڲ֮ǰʲô⣬Ҫɱɾˡ
ޱƵ˶ѨҲ࣬һӲݴСĳԱλһۣ漴˵ͷ
ݽַڵϣڵڣһɱ֮ʱ΢££̼Ϊ㣬Ӷ
ԲǸոմԽĲĿ֮£ɫ£ŶѨ֮ǰӶȥ
ո´꣬вٵĻˮȴǴǿ˱ⶴѨڵЧ
ޱƵ޾ȴҲûšֻ˫Ŀ΢գһ˿ɫâ֡ϸ۲Ļȴܹ֣ɫâһϸ΢˿ߣ˸֮󣬱Ѹٵ뵽һԵӲ֮С
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޾ʱҲ˫ۣһǵָ֮ϣһصɫߣӶ뵽ߵӲСϸ۲죬Բĵһ˿صĹߣֻ뵽ΧӲСǽӲݵ壬һֱӵ˶ǰ֮ϣ
ڶ棬ʮҵĵط˳Ȼʡе׾еȴһһɫâתڣȻѾȫ˳ȴǱǿѹš
棬ţ˵Ѿȫļ
ҲĳӲ֮е꣬ɨˡ˶΢΢ͷʾ֮һеľâ΢˸֮ȫһƬ侲
ȡһʯͷоâһıǳǶѨȥ
ǣ
ʯͷݺݵ˶Ѩ֮ڣǡһⰲĻУԵΪ̶
˵ľڰ⡰ǡһ֮ȫУ

ǶѾȥôʱˡʮû
һС֮޺̲סˡ
ڴ˵ȴͰĵĵűǡ˼ȴΪΣ
޶ĿȻ˵ı飬˿ӡ
޺üͷһ壬漴ֹʮʵҹȥɱٽʬҰ֮ιޡ˭֪Ǹɵģֺα鷳
޶ۣ޺ȴ¶һ˿׳յЦ
Ϊݾôǣıܿһ켶ǿߵġں޵ʱޱգݱٶȡǺܿµİ
ţ޶Ҳ¶һ˿ɵ
ݶǳʱȫٶȣǿеġʱоǼΪ𾪡ĻǸ𾪣ȴҲδֳѡ
ٶȣңҲһ׷ϡݣǱʵֹڵĻǿߣĳ


70 Χԣ
޶΢šĲ²ںߡϾԷȥʱһϲ񣬵˽꣬Ѳɾֱ߲Ǹߵĵز
ٶȣԵ߲۷Բֻһ߱ǿԽڰ˲޶ҲǼɵѣǰߣô˵Ҳǰ˲ǿߡ
һ꣬˲㣿𣿱ĵҩֻҲܴﵽֲֿĵزɣ
޶˸һ֮󣬱϶˶ԷбȻųǿġ
ܵõʵȻǶʱ߳һءϧ
뵽˴޶Ҳһ˿ϧ
֮Ҫӱ˵ĿеõǿǧѡǶԷԼԸ⣬Ļ˭ûа취õ˵Ĺ
Ͼ似ɲ㿴Ŷģһ±ѧˡУУеĿǿкܴĿһЩؼҪضġ䡱ֳܹܡ
޶۲δ֪ȴҲ֪ûа취õġ
з޹ˣ磡
޶ϧ֮ʣͻȻ˺޶һ㶣̧ͷȥֻԶһɽ֮ϣһɫӰϷӶ¡ķ򣬾Ȼǲķ
񣡡
ϳޡ
޶üͷһ壬漴˵ɽءȷĿǲǣҪǡ
ޣӦֻ߽׺ڣ޶߽۷ԲʵټС߽׳ڵʵҲǣ
⣬Ƿ޵壡
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У롭һ㶼Ʒ׵ޣϾõһͷﲻףҲֻиֲпܵõƷףճʱĳΡ֪գҲǾ޳ûġ
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֣޶һ漴˵ͷȴǲ˵
Ҫꡭ࣬Ҳ࣬ںܶʱȻǱ峤Ƚϡ޶Ȼϲδ˵ʲôʵȴڰԷžԼĸԷжЩĻ˿δֳ
쳽Ҳû޶룬΢֮˵ˣɽǱɽȡ
쳽Ƭ֮쳽ŵ𣿡
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ţȥɡ
쳽˵ͷ˵ʱǳɽȥ
쳽ͷƬָ̣һȣߣ
Ϣ䣬ֱ嶷

ҹèϳڣʯҳǡһ֮󣬾ȫ۾ĶŶڡ

δãһèУȴǴӶѨ֮д˳˵ļ⣬˲
ʱһԼĪһߵģĲ˼ĺӰͻȻӶѨ֮д˳
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һĹ֮УԵΪԡǰҹèͻȻֵη·΢һ¡Ȼһ£ڵϫߣ϶ʱӿҵâǷĳŵӿȥ
֮ǰĲ֣ʱֳЧΧԶǼǰҹèҲñǼ֮ϣǡ֮ȫ֮£ȻҲһ㣬γһ纣һı㣡
ۿűҪⰵҹè޸סˣǰҹèڴ˿ȴֳױȵٶȡֻһζǶ㿪ĵĹ


71 ҹè
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ҵĴزֵʱ伫Ϊ׼ǡڰҹè޽صһ˲䣬ͳ֡ҹè޵ٶȣʱһ
һҲڴʱϮԻİҹè޵һֻţʱһɫ㣡ٶȣٻ

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ݵ˵ĹѾȫĴŭˣ
Ȼ׼һӳվʱ̣ǶѨһȴͻȻױȵٶȷˢˢˢĴ̿УһߣŰҹèޱ仺ϯȥ

һֻȱðҹè޵ٶȶʱ½˲٣߰ʱǽסΣٶһ
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ңȴһᣬȴǹҹè޵֫ɫĵâõΧ¶ҲȻݺݵնԷ֫
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һèУҹè޵౻⣬Ҳ֮£й·Ψһ·ֻҲ࣡
ֻޱܵİҹèȻû˿ɣǳҲԾ𡭡
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Ȼ˾ֵɱУǱȴ޳ҲԾȻǳҲԾܣ˵ϣӿһ˿ϲɫ

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Ϊһ΢һȻ漴ȴһҧʱ֮ζʱӲӲ֮У͵ԾгڵĻ棬ΧĿŤһЩǰҹèޱ̶ȥ
һҪУ
аԽⱾѵʱȻҲ֪һɱζķ޵УðҹèǿҵΣУȻðҹè޵ٶȣȻӿ죡
걾Ǵڰҹè˹Ϊɵһ˲䷢ġİսȻΪһδ֪ġޡУȻǴĽࡣ
Ӧ֮ҲǷͬѰ֪ҲԷɵһ̣Ҳֻҵһˡ
ȻȻһܵһ޵еĴ̼ҹèҲǷһĽȫëһ˲ٶȣǱǣǱǱס˵ĽţҲȫëŵ˲仯
һԷëƤû˸գ
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أȴ˿ͣ٣͵س˺ȵߣ
СԱһǻع񣬵˿ҵʱǳɽȳڿ񱼶ȥ
ҹè޵ٶȣܿġɱֱһ޵ƣΨһģֻܣ
֮ܵУưҹè޵ٶȡǻһ
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ͷȻַޣ
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72 
޶ֻһۣʱ۾һɵ߽ٶİҹèޣ
ʱûʱͷһתʱҧ˵޶סޣ뿪ܶԶǶԶ
ֻ޶԰ҹè޲ڶʱʲô⡭ֵĻҪֵסĲҲǲɡ԰ҹè޵ٶ빥߽׳ڵǿߣҲֻбɱķݶ
޶΢һ˿óЦһӶ漴ȴҲɫصĵͷ˵˵Ĳǿߣ
˵ʱ٣ʱ졣˵Ļ˵꣬ǰҹèѾ˽ǰ
󣡡
һҧ˲˷ӦѾȻžҵĻ棬ӭǰҹè޿նȥ¶ȣ
ҹè޵ƶٶ죬ķȴǿ϶µһն֮٣Ҳǿ쵽˼¡ֻáһĽԭһȻ밵ҹèצһҵײ
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á˸Ͻ߰ɣʱסһҪǣҲǾԮģ
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ҪϽܣƬ򡭡Ȱҹèǽ춼Ҫ
һ޶Ťͷ˿˵
еһԣһǳĬ漴һҧãֵֻŰҹè޼ʮ룬Ȼ뿪Ǹ
˵꣬˶ǿ޶һ֮һҧת֮С
ҹè޼ǾȻҪܣʱӰҪءȻ޶ͬʱȥбȣ룡
漴ҵ˸
ˣ֮СʱСҴȻȥʱȴȫٿ񱼣৵ϱҪɽȵһСƬ


73 Σ
ݱܣ˸˼Ĺ
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õĵͼ֮ϣעΪΣյĵطȺ޵ľס߽֮׳ϵޣԶעѨڡΪε߽׺ڵޣ
˵Ǹշ˴ͼûиϡôΪεһСĳԱȴĵͼ
ͼҪĶиµĻȻоɵĵͼҪȥġĻ˿ɶ޼ҵĺ󱲾Ӣ˭ҳеĺѾ뿪Ӫص˾ɰͼ뿪֮ͼȴָˡ
֪ⲻܡΪһСططǺķʮʱŸϵġԣǱȻǸԼһġ
֮ǰǺģˡâ˸漴ȴǸֳһ˿ɻ
һ꣬ޱƵ˵ݿҲͬЩҪǽҲˣǱ޼ķѣ
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˵Ȼһ峤ϵӵͷʵϵݣǱȲ꣬ޱƵ˵ġ
ԭܼ򵥡ĸףǼˣ
ڶʮǰǳΧ޼ҵս֮ˣУ˲ٵ޼ҳϣ޼ҵϵĸһУΪĸס˵ǳԹҲǺΪġүȥű˵Ѿһǳ˼ˡƾ峤֮ݣͨūͶģԽ֮ǰͨūһֱ˵ⱳûмڶϵӰӡ˭ţ
ӵؼԿҪάݡġŭѷܾȥѾļ¡ΣǼĴ֮Уһ˾˵ģ֪ģһȫ峤֮ټһ޼ң᾿Ƿֳ˼˭˵
˵Ȼ޼ҵλãǱϿ⡣ɱķĻֻҲǺΪ
ϵûöԼЩҲûжԼĹͣ»ǸĪеĸ쵤ҩǿϣҲֻ֮ǣ֮ͨƵԣŻԸðյǡǿߡҲҪݳ֡
ݴҲܲ²뷨Ǻ£
˶֪Բͣܿ϶ĳɳ֮󣬲ԸԼΪһδġǿߡŹԼ˵ǵŹᶨ˳ȥԼľģһǿ̵߽ͷΨһӣ˭¶׵ɳġ
ԣԶ۵ѹ鹹ġǿߡѹҲҪȥġ
ʱ򣬼֮еϵֻ¶Ա߿Ϸ׵˻ˮǻǶֹɡͲҲڡ
ǣޱȴǲͬ
ֻΪǵĸڣһǼڶϵڼ֮е˵ԣҲǲСҪǵǸһ߱Ȼڣټ۵Ķ֧֡ǳҲǲԶ
ĺԼһطƶϱܲ²ĻڡǸʱԷͻȫ뱻
ҲΪˣӷԵҪԸԼ֮ݾʹӲ˻ܵԼǣ
ڣȴòüͷԼ뷨ǲǴˡ
ѵԣԼĺȻѾﵽ˼޼ķѣҲҪĨɱĳ̶ȣ
ݽüͷ˼ȻĶ࣬ʵϣҲ̶һɲǵʱѡɽȣȻǰ

ڴʱһ֮ͻȻ𣬸߿֮Уһ޴ӰȻҪӳɽȵ˽˹
񣡿죬ԷɢӲݶĵط꣬ߣ밵ҹèγ֮Χ
еͻȻ˼еȻȫһȻ˽ķȥ
ֻǡ˵޺ߣ޺¶״֮ɫһȻǺݺݵ˵˵ϡȴǴͷһ
еľâȻ
ԭô¡
ͷ΢һ˸֮ȴǹһ񱼶ȥ
˵עǱȥе飬һִֹͷ˭ע⵽ڣ
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߽׺ڵķޣֻ߽׳ڵĶ˵Ǿ޷ǿڡ˸֮⣬
һʱ䣬˶Ƿɢ˿ڣ˶ֻ֪ˡ


74 ݵɱ
ֻ֪γֵ쳽ˣ
ͷҲصĳŻȥ
ղ޺һˤǶĹ֮ѾҶ϶񣬶ܵΪٿصˡ
֪ȷݣıǴӾ֮Ϸ·ܴӵ潫Сץ𡭡οһˣһˤǿԶ߽׺ڵķޡǷޣҲʵûʲôͷ۵ˡ
ԸҵǴֱʡҪ񣬿ҪһЩ۰ɣ
˸жɱ⡣
ȲҪɱҡҳɳǰ㣬ֻʧɣȻұԸ
ݿɲ֪Լʱʱ̿ҪԼΪӦİ׳ա»ûʲôʵ̸ʲô
ڵȷĶ֣ȻѾŹҡôֺαù
ţĿ⣬ɭƳһԼ󡭡òһԵĶӡ
޺Ҳʱʱ̶̿ɱҡ
Ŀ˸һ֮һŤͷ֪Ҫɱ޺ҲԲڡ͵Ϯɱ
ҡҪĲǰɱ޺֮ģİɱ
ˣ˵ײ쳽Ļ˵ãҲҪƴһˡ
šڰ˲ڣӵɱﵡɶ֮ײѾоˡ
ҲƾʵҪɱˣЩѡɱ쳽գ
ͷҲأݣŻȥ

Զĸ߷֮ϣһɫӰվɽ֮ϡͷҲصǰ˻һ˿Ц
漴ɫһӡʱ

һ·пһ˲䣬ĹԽ졣
ۣ
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һԵзɳʱŵɫһף˵ߡ
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УѾԶԶ˺Ĵ֮УӰȴǰһĿ˳޶Լǰҹèޣ
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ɱðҹèɱǾɱġΪһС񣡸ڣ˶Ҫˣ
뵽һС˵УǴ˼⣡

ȻڴʱͻȻһ׷޶İҹèȻһȫëȻţ
𣡡
һ˻绢Хȴ԰ҹè޵ĺͷ˳ֻͣΣ͵İͷɺ˫ͫ¶˷ŭײɫ
ʮ׵ĸ߿֮УĴų밵ҹèңң
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˶ͻıΪ֮һ
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޶ǵһعģɿһɽ֮ϣ漴ʱȵ
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ߣ
֮޶ڿںȵ˲ҳɣæתʱķ񱼶ȥˡ
ͷ߽׺ڵޣǵ뿪עһײеУǵĺͷ䡭
ɽ֮ϵӰʧɽ֮䣬һ˿Ц漴ƹĿ⣬һһӡٱ䣡
밵ҹè޶ŵͷһ˿Ѫɫӡ΢ʱһУһȴǸ߸ߵķǲǰҹèޣԹ˳һ߷ȥ
ǰҹèȻûϵȱʣײеҲһ뿪ıӰɺ֮ͫкĸֳһ˿ΪԻɻ
ǲߵ˻Դ֮ײеĿ֣뿪ķԥһ£̧ͷ˿ɫŴһǣתĳϳȥˡ
ڸ߷֮һ֮ٶȸ߸ߵķ𡭡ٷıȴǶһӰһٷԽ


75 ֻãȶˣ
վһտĲݵ֮ϣ̧ͷĿ侲Ŀգĵȴš
˴ǻ룬̾ڲδʲô֮ݾܵԶЩҲǶ㲻˷ӱܣվžĵɡ
УָءݵĿ΢΢˸ƽһƬ

δݾõȣһ֮ԶĴ˹ʱԶĸ߿֮УһӰԼٶȷ˹Ȼƽ̧ͷţû˿Ĳ

ӰͷԶ֮Ȼֹһ֮ų˿С೤ĳ֮£磬½𶶡
Ȼݣȴδ¶ʲôɫɫü֮ȻƽһƬ
ʵǵڰ˲ڣȻǷޣϾֻ߽޶ѡһĲࡣҪɱޣһ֮ѣ
̫Ȼɣôľ룬ǾӲݵĽġ
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ƽ˫ۣ͸磬ϵӰ
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쳽ŹֵĿݡֻӱ鵭ƽվڿ֮еθȻһѳĴ·пģǸղŹķޣǼһֻСһ㡭־޴ЩԽܡ
ʮ壬ֶΡ
ݿ쳽ĹŹɫƽ¶һ˿ЦĿˡ
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쳽ĻҲһ֮ҲǳȥĬƬ֮ڻ̲סģѵ֪ҵĿģ
ݱƽĵ˵ͷЦӦѲ²⡭ΪʮˣΪҪ˷ֿνɷѿİҪ񡭡ҲǸһĴ۰ɣ
쳽жʱһʱ΢֮Уӹһ˿â
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Цŵ˵ͷлллʮĿˡôڣʮ׼ҳ𣿡
쳽ǰݣ˵Ļ˿һ֮ӦöҪɱֵĵ˵Ļһ֪һ㡣ϵЦ˿α쳽ȴȴӿһĪĸп
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ͻı쳽ЩɫһݵĽâȻ
ÿ죡
쳽ͷȻһ漴ɫȻ䣡
Բǵڣ⣬ǣ
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Ȼ쳽ɫȻ䣬ͷȻȻķӦٶȴǲȫһ˲䣬쳽Ҳ˲䷴Ӧ˹ҫ֮ĽɫâȻ˸̶ȣһС͵Ľɫ̫ݵıɫâݺݵĴ̹ײҲڼ䲻ݷ֮˫ӿʵһĽɫâסǱɫâ壬ȴǱһɾֱӵķ˳ȥɫٶȾ䣡

δʮ׸ߵĿкȻ׹£ǿҵĳõѾȫܵݺݵ˵桭еϢ˲䱻̣
һ߽׺ڷޣ
˲ڵʵ֪
ݵˣĿһƬĮɭȻĿĶһɾ쳽ȶԷأѾȻϣ

Ѿɫâǣɫֱָ쳽Ľâ͸̶ƿ֮˲ڵȫ汬ɵƣԼ
˺
쳽ɫٶһ䣬ղһʱӦԣȻһЩˣδƽԷڶѾǰ
Ȼǵڰ˲ǿߣʵҲǵڰ˲ڣôܣ
쳽УѾȫȻû֮ǰĴݵ벻š
Ȼʱûʱ˼ˣֻΪԷĵڶѾǰ


76 ֮ŭս쳽
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ݣһֱŷš̡̬ȴ꣬ŭˣ
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⡰үĸ޹ϵУǵΧ޼ңʹ޼صʼٸߡᣬΪҪĳԹͳͳ̵Լͷϣ·۸ԼԼͬ쾭һ㣿
ΪԼӲ֮ʹͷᣬүֻΪ˻лҲˣڴԼ֮󣬵ڶԼ֮û¶ֵǸ뼵ޡ·ǺڵûнԼһ㣿
ϼ֮ϣ޺ԳԼԼȡ֣ԼֻĻһ죬㵱ҪɱԼڻǻģԼ֮и¶źڵıɱ
ڣ쳽ڿԳʮ壬ȻԼһɺ󱲣ƵóҪʹɱ֮ȴһòȻģ̾ϢϧԵʲôȥɲҪʮ塱֮ƨ
ϸݻүκһԲЩ˵£֮еκһ
νֻοѪյˣԷһ٣ٶȻԼĪΪԼ۸ԼĽ̬Ūǿų
ðɣðɣȻˣԼʲôҪսǱսҪɱңҾɱǣ
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һΣԶԶˣոжϿӿȴǸ˿ͣһҧٶϣٶȴ̳
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Ŷʮꣿڰ˲ڣһʮʹﵽ˵ڰ˲ڵ꣬ǷϲʲôЩʮŽﵽ߲ڻߵ߲۷Բνšʲô
Ȼ֮䣬һݺݵ쳽ĴԣõȻһ
ͻȻЩˣΪԸðֱ棬ʹ޼ķѵΣգҲҪĨɱԷԵˡһֻáݵĳ֮ڣÿҹܰߣ
ԭҪĨɱĲڵݣǣݵδ
Ȼڣȴûʱȥ𾪺ȻֻΪԷĵѾߣ
쳽òһʵ޼ҵһ󱲣һʮˣȵһߵΣ
쳽ؽҧסͷ֮Ҳ¶ڵľâ
һΣ쳽ٺˣжڶನ֮ݽӶĵ쳽ȴѡֱ棡
һ٣һڰ˲˲ţ֮ǰѪһ˲Ǳѹס漴϶ʱһҫĽâеĳһ˲ͬ˽һ㣬Ŀ֮
漴͵һţΣʱӭݵĵȻȥ
ڰ˲ڣ
ռ·𶼱һµѣ˻֮У֮һƬӿ
СӣȻ𾪣Ҫɱң㻹Զأ
쳽ݺݴȥɫĳӰٶӿ֣
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䣡
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ݵĿУʱһѪ壬Ȼ˳ȥȻռȻȻ쳽Ͼǵڰ˲ڵǿߣй֮УԹһӲӲݣʱ˵ɣ
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һ˿˲ӹ쳽ͷ˲˻һٶǿһڰ˲ٶӿؿ˺Ѱʹٶѹƣ쳽֪ǿѹƣпպԼԵ˺Ѿܲôˡ
ݣգ
쳽һ֮ζʱһâݱȥ𣬽ɫ޵Ӱٶӿ֣


77 쳽
˵ɳȥֻһɸӿԼڣ˲õȫҲܵ˲СĴˣѪӿп磬ȴںڣʺ죡֤ⲢѪǿ˺Ѫ
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һΣ֮ϣԳֿȭնɫ޵ӰֵΪ壬ӿֶһٽѾﵽһƷڵġʨޡͷ­նϣǵԵĿ룬ȻͷƤ飡
ڶΣȴһŴϣ֮սУ֮֡ԵĽɫʵһġ塱ͬ˳նģǻɫʵ壬һն֮£Ž׳޶ʱףһն˼д⣬ԵȴǶ˼ӿ񱩣ͳң
ȴǵΣ
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쳽嵹أǿŵݣҲ·˲䱻е˵ϡ
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ڵϾҵĴϢţʮ֮Ȼ򵥵ĶҲõ˶ͬ۵ĿҪһ㡭һ֮ݵĿ⿴˲Զ
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ΧȴһƬǽ塣˹һĹݺύղǶ̶̵һ棬ȴõô˴˼ƻ
ݵĿ쳽Ѿʧȥ֮ϡ


78 Ļر
쳽ϵıȻŨŨĲĲʡԲ˫ĿֱĶգնȴżֲʵ·ŲһЩʲô
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ڶΣҲΡŵ֮ŵģһǱѪմȫŢˮ֮еʬ壬ͻȻָп
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ĸ֣ݶʱһ漴۾ʱһ૵ѵ
Ŀⲻ˲ԶѾȥ˵ʬ塭
æƬ֮ݵԽԽѾϲԽ
ԭŵҩΪα鵤һƷҩʱ֮ڣ֮ʱһƷ£һƷڵޡѹ֡
ݵĿ⿴һֻϱŵĵҩɫм˷ܵϲɫ
϶Ʒҩ鵤ǿԵĲٿضƷڰƷڵޡ⣬ν
ݲǰ쳽ʬ壬૵ҿһ£ˣʮ壬⣬Ҫллˡ
֮ĴڣݵõĿԣ˵Ϊ
΢һ£ݽеα鵤Լ֮ؼСĵķԼĻСŤͷһԼѾֻʣ°صɫüͷȴ΢һ¡ɫƬ֮Ŀȴǿ˲Զ֮ı
΢˼Ӳվߵߣƣȴϣһҧɫâʱӿֶ
ǡ֮ڶֻϵı壬ۿӵٶѸĥݵɫҲԽĲ԰֮âӣȴڴʱָѾţ
ۣ
ݵɫȴͻȻӿһ˿쳣죬漴һѪ԰׵ûаѪɫ
ЩٶȿһжϽ漴ȴǽ֮ߡͷһΧ֣֮ȴѾ
Щޣǻæġ
һɫƬ̡漴Ťͷȴǽ쳽ߵĳ뵶ʼ⣬쳽嵶
õ
ᵶһж¶Щ֮̾ɫ
˵Լߴ磬ͨѩȻ֮ȴ͸ڵɫһǴëе֮еıɫ֪ǿ˶٣Ҳǣ쳽Ͼ޼ʮүҲǽ˺ȦӵĴڣеıУȻ̫ˡ
һսȻ֣һ̡յĻرȴҲǳƵϵķһȴǵͷԼ
쳽һˡǿʹײҵԳܡӣҪһطúõһʱС
ɫ侲
޼Ӫرʱˡ쳽ױͿԲ²Լɵġ״̬Ҫҳֵֵ֣ҲûСֻܵƾͬʱʵھŲ֮
˼ţٶȿһΧת˺۵壬ĳŻȥ


79 ڰ˲㣬
ټϪȣϸ࣬ƻá
ۣ
һɴĵֻ֮üΪ̴ٵġءȮ޲ҽнһһͷһߵҰȮһޣ˵ϡͷ­ڵأѪ
дһɱΣ޵гջأȻŻĹâ
ˡʱ䣬ǼѾѰⷽԲʮĵطһϽ֮⣬ûаСݵӰӡȻ˵ǣƣڰ
꾲Ŀնɱһͷż׳ޡħȮգ̾һڳһ˵
ߣһϮ£貨ӵޱƣһ漴ȴǳĬĵͷеİϽ
ϸ׵ָ΢΢˵ĺ촽ĽסˮȴѾ𡭡
Сݡ
һૣˮվ˵һžĵεξӨ˽֮ϡ
Ͻ̫ϤˡΪ⣬͸ݵģ
ơ㣬ڰһ죬գȴҲֻ˵һڰȻ
Ǵ˿˿΢ЦĿݣҲͷµûţϧһֱţǣܳɳֻպɾͣɹ㡭ֻϧӢŰ
СĳԱһĬе۾ͨ죬ɨܡԶֵһӰʱ붼û룬ǿȥг֡
գΪݵȥ
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Ĭãٶȿ˵
ޱƽеĶУǿĲһԡָһ˿˿֮ɫˮȴϢĶ
˴ֻʣµСĳԱˡһС飬ڵСɢˡݲδصһСļص㣬ȴһ֮󣬵С˶ǳѰҡ
֮ǰһѰҵʱ˱԰ҹè޳ѨΪԲģѰҡΪޱ뿪ʱпһۣжϳµķ򡣶;У밵ҹè޳Ѩ̫Զһ֮ϣȴһѪȵɱ¾಻ͬ޲ͣ໥ɱţѪ֮ʡ
˱ǲЩ޵ġȻޱƿЩ޽²ԶɫϽ֮ȴͻȻһɱЩޡ
֪СԱҲɱ˳ȥЩ޵ĵȽײߣԶ׳ڵڣڵС֮£ɱһɾŭľҪŭޱƣȴǿޱɻǵĴӵϼǰضϽ˶ϳˣ⽣ݾߵ彣
һ̶ԤСݣѾ׶༪١
ļ죬·ʮٹȴκ񡭡
˶֪ʵҲֻΪޱĶѡѹȫȻûݰֵӰȥѾûжˡ
ޱƽŶϽ˫ۣˮ涡
ãޱĽϽԼĻУٶŤͷһǧĻ룬һ޵Զ
ޱƣĵ˵ͷ˵·ȥ
״̾һ˻֣ʾԱϡ
СԱѰδ֮뿪

ϪһܵĶѨ֮С
ⶴѨ֮ŲٵֲӲݣڸУĵ䡣⿴ǲϸƲеġ
ûа˿֮Уȴ˸˿˿ɫĹâһһ
ϸĻ׵Ŀǿ֮УȻһ˿˿İɫУ
һƽʯ֮ϣһӰϥǱɫâǴϴ
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ֻǣݵȴԵмֹŹֻ֡ü֮ϣͷ֮ϣԶ˱һ˪ĽëԼ촽ϣһɫ˪ǡϣԼһɫ壬ϡˣ·Ǳ͵¶ȫıһ㣡
ÿʮӱͻЩ΢һµĻֻ˶ҪһѾʧȥı
ʱ䣬š
֪ȥ˶ãһʱֻһ졭
Ȼռ֮תɫâͻȻ΢һţ·𴺻شһ㣬ɫâͻȻһ˵ԼٶȣѸٵĳĵ۶ȥ
ֻݵĿڱ֮УͻȻһİһߣףɢ漴һ
ΧеıԼɫâʱ·ĳ־޴ǣĿڱ֮ȥתüͷԼ֮ϵı˪ۿӵٶʧ
֮󡭡ݵ˫ۣȻ
һ˿ɫâһӶ

ݣ³һоâһ漴ȴ
εˣǲᰡ
һ漴һƣһҵġž֮ͣըָ䡣
һ㶣¶˼־졭
ӣ˵ʱ䣬Ҳľˡ
ţվӡĶȫµйؽڣԶǱһžһ춯֮Ȼ漴һ泩ĸоϯȫ
ݵĶͻȻһ٣漴۾Ȼһһ˿ϲи֣
ڰ˲ڣ۷Բһߣ


80 
ϫڰ˲۷壡۷Բһ֮
¶˾ϲ֮ɫ漴üĿչ˿
֮սȻ֮쳽ս֮ǰǵڰ˲ڣӽڶѡȻһ֮սһף
ټӿٶȣұͻƵھŲ㣡ﵽھŲ֮ٷûڶʱͻƵʮ㡭Ǹʱ򣬲˵࿹⣬ײľԼɶ֮ҲڱԷֵˡ
ݽšȭͷЦ֮ȴǷ˼ɭȻɱ⡣
ԣұҳԹΪҳɳҪĨɱԴ֮ˣȻ޷㹹ɶвʹһ£ġ
۾бĺâֻ΢΢¶֮ȴһɫָƽѹͷɱ⡣
ӷؼֻвµʱ䡭ʱұҪٶԼʵĻ쳽ɵϢǱߣ̵ֻǻΣˡֻϣۿӵϣһЩάǡ
ţ̾һ漴Ťͷȴǿ˶֮⡣ĬƬ֮е˶֮ڡ
ȻһƬʣȶڵߣҪĶࡣݵ۾ƺһʱûнǿҵĹߣʶ΢۾ֵ˶ǰ
һ˵ʱƺЩáͲ֪ǻ˶೤ʱˡ
аţȴͻȻһǿҵļСһ㶣ȴǴԼĻȡһɡ
ճʱÿ˶ʮĸѾĴ롭
ܻ޼Ӫأʱ䣬ÿԼȥѰʳˡ
ҧһɣаš
пӰԵĹееȴ׾ǿд˵ˮϵĳϫҲǿԵġ
ݰԲ²⡣
ڵնս֮УƺԳϫһЩµĸ򡭡ǡÿпӰоһ¡ٽпӰںһ˿ɶ֮еĻ
ݵУ¶һ˿ڴ
˼Ƭ֮ҡҡͷ
֮Ƚʵȥ
뵽ݿٽеɳꡣ͵Ѱһʯ壬ӻȡǱпӰؼϸϸжʱ䣬Ȼ䣬š

Ȼδ쳽Ϣ
޼Ӫأס֮ᡣ΢üͷѯǰһˡ
ǵĴˡ޶үѾӪذ죬쳽ȻûκѶء˹
ôᡭ˵üͷĸ¶ɻ󣺡ѵǳʲô£
ţ漴ȴͻȻʵСĳԱط
˵˵ͷصǰʱط
ݿҲط
δط
δط˵üͷ֮˵ͷ£쳽Ϣһʱ֪ͨҡ
ǣ˹ת뿪
˽üͷɫݡ
Ȼ֮󼴿̻طΪδ飿ѵǳʲô£
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ݵʵصʵֹڣҲԴﲻڰ˲ϲǡ쳽֮Ӧóʲôǡǡ
Խ벻üͷȴʼղ²ⲻΪʲô쳽ķ֮·

ʱ䣬׾Թ϶֮ȴҲΪڡΪκ˻κ¶ӿǷŻԼĽŲ
µʱ䣬۶
ϪȻһƬɵľɫȻҹش꣬ʹһʱ¶ʵաȻʱ֣ȴٶϪһ㱡ɴУǲ᲻ʱͻԼɱ¾Ĳҽ֮Ļ˴á˼ɾݡ
֮У߽׺ްҹè޵ĳѨ
ɽȻʣǽͲҫ۵⵲ģʪ
ĺȻ䣬һӰϢԾɽ֮С
⵹Ӱһ飬οٶ鶯ĶΪɣһƺһĴܶУȴδзκε졣·ĵɽȣӲݵΣ˲ʧӰ٣ӲݶУȴδаֵ춯֮䣬Ѿ뵽˹С
Ӱڰҹè޵ĳѨڣͣ
ڿԿ壬⵹ӰһģˡһϮݿɫ纣ƽĹâ޳Ϊȳơ֮䣬Уȴһ
ˣݡ


81 ʣ
ݾƬǰҹè޵ĳѨڡһ漴żһһʯӣʱԽ¼ݺݵײǶʯ֮ϡ
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һ죬ʱɽȵľ

ݵ֮ͣһײ֮д͵è֮ԶѨ֮д˳Ȼ֮䣬һĲ˼ӰȻ֣
ƽڿĲ˼Ӱ֮ʱ΢΢һ漴λζ
䣡
һ׵ĶȻɽ֮ը죡һݵΣ˲ʧ
ʧһ˲ƶٶȣԶԶۿɲ׽ķΧ֮ڣ
Ӧײ
ᣡ
Ȼ֮䣬һȻ졣ţһĲ˼ɫ޵Ӱƾճ֣Ȼ䣡

µĲҽ֮ѪٷɣһӰͻȻԿһĿռ֮Уɶ
һߵĻɫҹèޣ
һ˿ڣֱֱ԰ҹè޵ͷ¸Ѫ硣Ȼ֮ǰҹèֻһ˲ڡǡ֮Уһ
漴ݵ֣ա죬˵ϡ
ݾҹèޣҹèеأ̵ʱ䣬Ϣ
ҹèޣ߽ٶߡɣ
Ϯɱ̣ɴֻ࣬һ˲
һ۰ҹè޵ʬ壬漴ȴǱ۾·ڸӦʲô֮ȴ³һ˫ۣ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ȼʵڰ˲۷Բ֮ǿҲõ˺ܴǰײ밵ҹè޵ٶ൱ѡǿԺܱٶҲ˲١
ǿԽǿԽܳʱĳײľ޴󸺺ɣͬʱҲܽһײٶȡ
ȻҲײֻӦġ֮ɶζѡٿ죬ҲƵġһ硰硱ꡱ֮ġĿǰ⾳ԼĿһ˿Ҫᣬȴǲġ
ʹײȻǻܵǿѹȵڰ˲ڵʱȫεĸоȴҪǿˡ࣬ѾʹΡ
ɲҪСʹûᣬؼʱ̷ײǵԾԼһܽڶִ֮£ɱ
統ջɱ쳽һ㡣ײڹؼʱʹáɶ֮ܲܽԷɱδ
ڰ˲۷ԲѾһµʱˡھŲͻƱٶȵͷһѾʧȥİҹèޡ֮󣬱ת·ȥ
üУӵܷĸ¡

ݿʼϪϵС
ϣÿļСʱ˯֮⣬ʱݴȫķ档Ѿﵽ˵ڰ˲۷Բĳ̶ȣѾԼо˵ھŲĹؿͻơΪ˾ԼʵҪȫ̡
ĸ£Ҫʮһ¡ʮһ£޼ҳĵӷҵʱˡϪڴҪ뿪ֻ޼ҵĴӡǴʱΡݹȻԵݣǨŭڼ޸֮Ĵȸ桭ðȵĴգ
޲ꡣҲǲš
пӰһֱɣԳϫһЩµᣬţѾһЩСĳɹ
ɹСǵںϵпӰ֮ȥʱȴС
пӰȷԹԶе似ѾегɵĵزȻնʵʵľ޴һЩ࣬ԳΪġӰȴѾ˳֮쳽ģӰĵӰӵĴֱӵĹȻĽԹǿᣬǡݶԳϫµһеȲңвٵء
ÿյĹ֮⣬Ҳоһе֮ϸһ֪֮ԭ֮ĽһԡΡ
Ƿ·һĳ֡򡱵ʣ׽ƯȴΪ
֮ĸоݼȶǼΪľȡ
α鵤Ϊ󣬲Ҫǲоġ֮ĸӡǣһ졭
ЩҲףһζй似ԣһ·ϪѰŸָĥԼĹ似ѰҳԼ㣬Կ˷


82 ͻƣھŲ㣡
ʵ˵ǺϪҲǺΪֻҪԴȺޣݼʲôΣաײٶȣΣʱ̣ɵĳˡ
һʣһȫչ˳侲ϵƢԼܽŵ㣬ʱ䣬ӵ쾡£
֮£ݵĹ似սʶһּٶȣš
֪ԼǵûнնɱΪеļһĶɱɱ⣬ѹĳɳĻ֪¶ı顭

ۼ䣬һµʱָ֮УȻ
ϪһȻѨ֮Уɫâת䣬֮ʣϢһ˿˿ɫӿи֣׹䡭
ȻЩ֮һһ㣬Ĳ漴һһǿһģһɫӰϥǷӿıϢĴĿڱ֮롭
ɫӰתľɫű֮ԽԽ󣬴ﵽ˴Ŀĳ̶ȣ
ˣݣ
һ˼µĳϫתݵߣڡڵϢʱƣҲԽӵľ
Ҳ֪˶á
Ȼ䣬ݵͻȻһţһɱ֮ʱ֮зΧĿ֮Уһɫʱǣž֮ȴЩ׷׹ص
漴ݵ˫Ȼſ
һ˿ľɫ󣬴һӶ˾â
漴һ˿ϲɫӿݵ
ϫھŲ㣡ﵽˣ
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ݴߵЦԽ󣬵󣬿οĴЦ
ݵǵ֮ʱǵڰ˲ڣϵ꣬ͻƵڰ˲㣬ִھŲ㣡
ݣ˰ʱͷʼУӳϫһ㣬һ·߸裬ͻƵ˵߲۷ԲȻ˴ʱ䣬ͻƵ˵ھŲ㣡
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һʱ䣬޵Уһ㵽ھŲ㣡ٶȣ˵˳ȥֻ˾Ѫɫ
֪칦УĲǶ򣬶ʵʵۻֻеۻһ֮󣬷ܹͻвΣִһ㡭ˣǰУȻú󼸲㣬ԽԽУ
ޱһʱ䣬ֻӵеڣڼбѾΪǼʲߡһϣؾܿһЩʲô
һʱ䣬һףһǵģͱΪʲôһ֮ڣ޵Уһ㵽Ų㡭ñΪʲô
ţţֻǡ

һӦ֮еǹǿ
ھŲ㳱ϫǵҵõĳڵԼЩճʱĿʼ
˿οЦݡ
˵ҵǿҲǵõ˺ܴڰ˲۷ԲҿʹײΣ޶ȡڡٿʹײϣȣ󣡡
ݺʹײζζԵ˷ɱĻᣡ
ֶսһξɱҪһһսܵƷܹõӵײݣֻҪԷٶȸôô鷳ӵξɱ˵Ļᣡھɱδ֮󣬿Դݵѡˡ
ҪԵĵ˿ǲ٣£ײӦա
һ֮վΣ΢һ¡漴ȴ¶һЦݡ
ȳȥϣͿԷ⻢ˡ޼ôӵ׷ȴǲ֪ЧˡոڵûȫĳԻҪһЩսҽЩȫĲٿС
ţ߳վŶѨ֮ȥ
Ϫɽڶ࣬꣬ϵȻѨҲǼΪࡣ⵺֮ˣѡȻѨ֮סġ
߳ɽݵĿȴҿ˿֮󣬲һһ˿ЦݣһչΣһƺ̣Ĳ֮Уû
ĸµϪսѾһѰҸ߽޵ķˡ
ͨԣ߽޶ǶԵޣסķ޵ҲԽ١
ĶжϷĲжϾ롭ݱڲԶĵطһߵȽ׵޳Ѩ
ΧԶ߽׵ޣͷ߽޵ĵȼֻ٣Ҳڰ˽ϡ
˽סÿһڵĹǿȡ
ǱУһ˿Ц


83 μС
ݵһĺӰǱӲݴĻ֮УȴֶҲδзԶɽͼٶȥ
ԼĪ˰ʱҵʱ֮һɽ϶ȴǳݵǰ
̧ͷֻɽٳߣֱ¡һͨȴǴйᴩ賤ԼľԵΪľϸ֮УԵüΪƮ졣
Ӧþˡ
۾һһ˿Цݡ̧ͷһ֮һûӲݴУͨǱȥ
ǿܴڵİ˽޵ĳѨѾǲԶݵٶҲǷһЩȻ˵ھŲڵʵϪϿСⳤɵĽȴǲⶪġ
˵˭ܿ϶˵ɽһֻа˽׵ޣжϴ󣬳ֵһͷŽ׻߸߼ô죿
Ұ֮Уһнпܡ˵ҶԵϪߵȽҲ˽׺ڡ˭֪ûһͷ˵ĸ߽ޣû״Ƚװ»СһЩĺáνСʻ괬
ͨǰһ«εɽȡɽĴ󣬱֮ҹèϳɽ࣬ɽģһͨӶӵˡ
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΢üңɫ˸һ֮ȴǾǰȥһѭѪζķϢǱȥ


Ȼҽ֮ͽȻȴõǱе͵һ㶡
ˣ
ʱ΢һ漴ȴٶȶʱӿ졭
ʱǰտĻ֮ϣʮӰӳ
Щ˵ԼĪһʮңԷֳ
һΪСֻԼĪҡʣµʮˣȴǽЩ˰ΧС
龪㵣ʣǷŭĿǰļˡ·ʱҪ𹥻һ㡣
ȻΧǵʮˣһж·Ϸʵɫ˿еķŭҲѾ׷׳ʣԼָˡ
ŵмհ׵شĵֱͦͦĶ
һ˻ڣһ˪ʣµˣ״ΪңնΣѪȾΧˮҲǴ˿ŨѪ֮Ǵǵɢ
ЩԲԶĵطһͷ޴ĳ޵ʬ壬ҲֱͦͦǶЩ룬ڸȴа˵㡭ͷ­ɫѪҺͷ­ȴѾ
һ֮оâ漴ȴǲɫع۲졣
⼸¶֮УҲ˲ٵ޼ҵӵ飬Ϊ˲¶ˣҲСȻЩȻСΪλǰҲżƺûǰֽŵΡ
ǵڵϵˣȻˡбնεģ˿ڵпǱֻһնϵġʣµˣǷֱ𱻻Լˮ߸նɱġ˵ղҽУǳ˿ˡ
ֻСˣ⵹Щ˼
΢۾
Ѿ޵ͷ­ǣΪλҪˣ
֮Уһͳ̺֮ŭ
΢е۾ͻȻ΢΢һ㶡

üͷ΢һ壬ݵɫ΢漴ȴѡ˼
޵ͷ­ҪҪġʮ֮УһԴЦ΢΢һ٣漴Įǵͷ­
ˣһɫʱһ䣬漴ȴǱıߣ
ͷҪ˵μ󱲣޼үүɲ㣡Ҫͷ­ԣǵͷ­
ͷΪӺС߱𣡡
һ֮ʱ֮д˳
仰֮ɫʱ΢һ漴¶˻Ȼ֮ɫ
ԭμ֮ˡ
Ϫϣ޼֮⣬Լ춼ڡֻݵϪ࣬Ϫֹݵһζûˡû뵽ȴˡ
ݽüͷ˼΢
޼ҹϵҲ˵ϪϣΣյĲޣˡ⡮ˡָıҵĵӡӣ˳ֻΣˡ
ϳ֮еˣ˳


84 ʮһС飬˳
ڵŴϣ˳óˡѪɢޱȶסơ˶ӡ
˳ˣҲǿ˼ˣǵʮһСĳԱ
ҪҪأ
΢üͷŲԶˣɫȴЩԥ
ʵǵķȻת뿪ݶ޼Ҳûʲô޸УԵݶ޼ҽһ˿øҲɢһա
οóȻȥϳݣЩٵһᡭݶʱҪ鷳
ڵʵȻˣǶһܻǲһ¡
İС飬˵ѾɴתȥЩһ㡭
ǡƫƫˣʶңʱóѪɢޱȶסƣֻޱƻҪܸǶޱжݶԹӣҪתȥȷЩѶȡ
ɫЩԥ
Ƭ֮ݵвһ˿ϡ
ɷԹжƽ㣬ұ;һֺηţֻҪй¶ҵݣҲް
ʵʸ˵;һֺη仰
ھŲڵʵײ͵Ϯڴ֮£¶ҪСοһȺμҺ󱲵ӣǿߣҲ߲ڵڰ˲ڶѰɣ
Ҫɱǣݶԣѣ
˾ٶȿһ۳ϣһ˿漴ȴ˺һԼݸס¶һ˫漴ٶȻǱУϢ䣬ûΧӲ֮С
ϣ˳Ҳ¶˼ķŭšȭͷĿĶΧμҵӡ
ʮǰСһɱ˽׳ް޵񣬴Ӷһ·̣Ӫظϵ˴˴
˽׳ڵİǳޣǵˣٶȾˣǻСȻи߶оԶȲϷޣٶȴǱͨķҪĶࡣԵʮһСһ߲ڣһ㣬ߵʵʵǲʸԸ޵ġԼķ
ǵķǡ¶
ʮһСԱǸ޹ˣǼּҵˡ׾춼̷򽻵ȥȴǵõһ涾ֶȻûƷףȴǲСԸ˽Ȼ޷ȴں̵ܶʱԹȥ޹ǰϪ֮ʣױ㽫˶
õͽֻСС̱߽ޣҲǶʱޱȵԼ״̬⡭ˣ㹻ô˶޻ɱ
Ȼ鲢ûô˳޹Ȼ˶Ҳ˻֮СȻ˽ޣϾǰ˽ޣ߽֮ҲҪǿϲ٣
޹һԱ֮£ȴڹ޵˲䣬ͻȻѹİ޸ɱС飬ʱʧȥˡ
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޿ܹеģٶ죬ǲܳжɱĻʮһС飬ȫû
ãޱϾ˼Ķվ޷ֿ˵Χ˳ȫһ֮£ձնͷ­
Ȼһսȴ˶ľƣⳡս֮Уѣ˳
ʵ΢һЩһʼͶ԰޷ΧֱȷٽĻȥһУ˳Ϊӳʧߡ
ǣӣȻڣȴҲ޼¡
һĬ֮׼뿪ȻʱһȺμҵӣȴ֪ʲôطɱ˳
ѸٵĽƣȫΧסǿڱǳҪ޵ͷ­
ʮһСԱղΧޱѾĴ󣬸οԷռƣһϼ֮£˳ҧǰ޵ͷ­ȥ
ΪͿˣ˭֪μ֮ȴͻȻѣ˲䣬ɱӦĳԱñͲȱĵʮһС飬ٶˣʮС飬ʣˡ

˳ҧ˳и¶˷ߺɫĶμҵˡ
Ȼȴòϡ񼺷ֻԼһ߽ڣĳԱȫ׳ڵߡԷһ߽ԼһǿߡԼ֮ⷽɱ
˳У¶һ˿
Ȼ漴˿ȴǱ¶ģȴһɾȻ֮ɫ
Ȼ˵ôսɣ
˳϶ʱӿֳһӴĽɫҫ۽â˸


85 ֣ʮһС
޼ңṵ֮̂
˳һȣȻǰ˶ȥгǻһŵӰȻǰնȥ
ǰ֮ǰ˵μҵӡμҵһԷƣȴһȵ֣
˵ţϣϣҲӿֳһɽɫĹâ
ϵĹâȴҪ˳ϵʵ֡
½֮ϣǧ칦ļԹ֮⣬йЩģҲǴͬС졣
μΪ޼춼֮һек칦ҲǴ½Ϊġ
Թƽ𹦡
ŽɫӰʱһţһĵܡ
˴ѽѷ֣ʣµμҵһҲЦʣµ޼ҵӣЦ޼ҵС׼ɡ
ʮһСʣµĶŮԱɫȻ԰ףȻȴǼᶨȼŷŭ˹â
μҵ󱲣Ҫҵͷ­ûⱾˣб£ҲҪû
һᣬɫһĹâʱǵ
ʤ޼ҵѾһߵľʱʵƽʱҲǲֹμҵľȻЦ֮ȴ͸¶ǲδСǰһӰ
ʵȻǿϾǿҲ޶ȡԷǱͬھ˼ս鷳ĺܡ
˵ҪŹǣǾܵġμ޼ҵĳԹڶʮǰʱѾ¡Ѿ뵽ЩӵܵĹȥˡлɱԷзŹ֮
ˣ޼ҵӣȥ޼ҵӱűҪˡ
䣡
Ȼ֮䣬һ֮Ȼը죡
˾Զһ㶣ȻţһĲ˼ĻӰȻ֣
Сģ
һμҵһ㶣ȻͫȻ󣬿оŸո𣬽ţһ˿ĸдͻȻʺ漴κεˡ
һӰٶȿĲ˼顭ֻһ˲䣬ΧǾתһȦһȦ֮󡭡
ۣۣۣۣۣۣۣۣۣ
˺һ籡֮Ȼ𣡽ţǵǰֻһѪǵĳһͬȪһ㣬
顭嵽֮𡭡

ԭѾ׼޼ҵӣʱѾǾĴסˡ𾪵ı飬Բ˫ۣ·ҪҲɳۿ
ô£
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֪
һҲǽӲŤһ²ӡ漴Ӷʱֹ۾ٶȵɴ

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ʵϸ꣬ݵӰɭȻĳһ˵ıϢݺݵӡǵ֮ϣ
ǵעУǵӰ΢ͣһ£漴֣˳
ɫâ˲ȫ˸𣬽˲䳯ƻ㼯漴һɫӡȻֶ˲˸ʵһĹâȻѾһŵ˳Լμҵӵսŷȥ
ӡ֮׷׹䣡
˳ʱԷս֣֪ͨԼȶԷҪһߣԷ߲ڵߡյأû·һ֮£쳣ȫܾ˵Ĵ򷨡ԷȻԸܾˣʶһ൱
Ȼڴʱһɾ޴ΣȴȻͷţһɱϢͻȻ߱
˳͵ۿȥȴɫȻ䣡ֻһ޴ɫӡХųμҵӶ
ô£
˳оȻûʱϸ롭μҵȻҲǸӦΣͬʱһӴ漴ŶԷȻ˶ùɫӡĹΧ
䣡
һ죬ɫӡݺݵĻ˿յ֮ϡǡ֮ڶһ޴ޱȵıӶ˵֮У
⣬ǡ
˳˵
䣡
Ȼ֮䣬һͻȻը죬˳˲产Ȼ̧ͷ֮УһߣȻţղѽѷ֣൱ĶϵĽâͽȻһ漴˲ɢ¶Ρ
ֻ˵ͬ¶˾ĹȻɾ֮УȴǴһ˿ɻ󡭡
˳عеɻô֮ʣֻġۡһ죬һѪȻ˵ĺͷӿʱμҵһͷԵ˵ϡһ
˳ֻԼȫȻһһ֮УʱͷƤӵȫӽӲܡ
ʬ壬Զ泯棬ԹԵĵڵϡ
ǡô£


86 ׼
˳ֻԼĴѾȫӦˡǱ֣֮˲䣬ȴһת
˳һͽȻ̧ͷһˣӳ
ǻֻԭ΢ͣƬ̣˳һ֮󣬱ǵĮת
ȣһ£
е˳ʱعæ
ǻ΢һ٣ͷ˻ĺͷ䣺£
Է֮Ȼ˳ϣõһ㶡
Ȼ漴˳ȴǻعæ˵ǰʾˣǲԸҵ֪ǰݣԽֻǰ˵һлǰ֮
˳˵꣬æĹļеĵʮһԱҲڴʱعæлǰ֮
˵΢һ漴ȴǵĮĵ˵ͷ
תλһӰûӲݣʧ
֮󡭡
֣
٣Ҳǰ˲ϵǿߣ
ٶȼ졭ʹ֮ʣ𡭡
ΪʲôҪǣѵг
ӦܣгĻԲġ
˭
ǻȥ֮󣬵ʮһСĳԱʼ²һж¶˺Ȼ֮ɫղŵһĻʵǳǵˡ
âһμҵӱǾʲôֶΣʲôٶȣ
̫ˣҲ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ܴﵽֵزּ䣬նǿڵ£ȻƮȻȥ⣬ַȣ
һ޼ҵ̾Ϣţż
ţ
һ޼ҵӵͷ͡
ͷʶ𣿡
һŮŤͷɻ˳༸˵Ŀ⣬Ҳʱ˳
ţһֱ˼е˳ʱع΢һ֮ȴҡҡͷҲʶ
˵꣬ȴǵͷһ˿ʹ漴ų͵ĵȻ˵ȽСǵʬ˰ɡ˴ȻΪǰ޵ĳѨΧûʲôȺޡȵ˴ѪζƮɢȥܻ֮ǻһЩġ˵˳ҧҧȭͷš֮УǱ˿˿ĺɱμҡ˳ӴƲ
˳ĻʮһСĳԱɫһ漴һϵı飬Ҳͷ˵ϵļʬ塭
ڰСʱ֮ǰ黹˵ЦȻڣȴѾʬ壬Ҳ
Χ꣬¡

Ǳһʱ֮ȡϵĻҲͣ˽Ų漴ȴŤͷһ漴૵ԱƽĶҲǱˡΪ֮ɡ
˵Щݲһ漴ĿƬ̣׼һ򡭡
Σû˻һ˰ɣҲ֪ղ˳ʲôնɱͷޣȻûŪĶ
ţ漴ȴǳ׼ķǱжȥ
ղҪˣֱʹ˵ھŲʵײ˲ͽսԣҪڰ˲ĥһ似ԼøոͻƵȫĳΪϷû׼
λӰƬ֮ʧӰ١

ҹϪҹԿʵǿաɵһɫǺѹѹһƬЯ׵뱩ꡭҹϪɱ¾֮ءҹʳ޶ǴԼϳ˳໥Ϯɱʳ
ǴѨ֮УϥǾ޴ʯ֮ϣɫĿеĵҩ
һƷڵҩúĺһ㼶ҩ
ݿеĵҩһ
⻢ȻǺһΣȴֻһ㼶򵥵˵һãֻ㡣ֻ㡭ȻŲãҲʮ㣡ǹŹֵĺܡ
Ų㵽ʮҪһ㵽Աģ˵ȫر𡭡Ȼ⻢ȹŹֻ֡ҪǷãֻһ㼶Ųʮǣһǡ
ұȵŲ֮ٷõģʱȣұҪٶԼʵҲֻڱͷˡ
̾һš
ھŲڷãĵߡܴﵽھŲڣô򲻵ѣǲöҩġֻΪ֮Ҫٵʲô
ԣʮ۷ԲǿߣѾԷ˺Ƥˡݵʱ䲻࡭ٶԼʵ
Ȼڰ˲ʱ˻֮ͻﵽھŲ㡭ȥٶǼӿࡣļһĻٶȣļӿô


87 ҩЧ
򵥵ıȽϡǵڰ˲ھŲ죬ǵھŲʮ죿
ͬǷõҩͬԵʮΪĿꡭǵڰ˲˵ҩ֮ʮٶȸһЩǵȵھŲԺٶȸһЩ
˵ضܿĳǵȵھŲ֮ʱûܵõЧãʡʱࡣ
ԣ֪ҪԸԼʱȴûڵһʱûֻΪԼĵ˲ǽֻһˡ˵ı󣬻һΪǿԣòΪԼĺּƽϡ
ʮ㣬ΪֱԵͳ̶ȣʮ㶼ﲻûʸֱԡ
һݲٳɣһʱǽϵĻȥ漴һµζʱӵҩ֮˳
ϸĿö
һƷڵĵҩһƷ޻޵ڵٽһЩҩƶɣ
ֻŵҩԼĪС徧ӨԲ󣬷·ȻɫתСһ㣬Ե֮дȥΪˡ
ǻֻ֪Чˡ
ţ漴ſڽҩȥ
ҩڣ򻯣õ΢һţһŨ㣬ʱԿǻ֮õҲΪ֮һ塣漴ů˳źθ
һ漴˫ھŲڵĳϫӦĶ
һ㵭ɫâݵȫ˸ݣͬһӱˮ⣬ֻǣһεȴԵ÷ͣΧ¶Ȼ½ȴԶԶûвƽʱһ㣬õΧĿռ䶼˰ɫ
ݱĿȴŻҩЧչ
һůθһֱ
ԼĪ˲Ƭҵʱ䣬Ȼһ䡱죬·ݵĶըõݾʱһȻšһůȴͻȻԸ˳˲ϯȫ
ݵʱ΢һ漴һ˵泩֮УʱӿݵĴԣ΢һȻţʶȴ˲
ůľ֮жĵھŲڳϫҪΪϼ֣ӴǰݵھŲ㳱ϫ·Ҳ㲻ʲôˣ
ڵĺ˲ϯȫ磡
ͣ
壬ڽ֮ţ
ȻһȴûаֵĸоֻΪǹ泩֮ĸоѾȫһּΪʵ״̬֮С֮ǰתġھŲ㳱ϫڴ˿̷·ҲֹֻܱͣıǹȺƴ졭
ݵ֮ϣһ˿˿ںͬһҺ壬ȴǴݵļ֮б˳һ˿һ˿롣
ûãѾȫں֮ɫ
ǹȻڲͣתţڲݡݵĳϫȴĴ£ȻȻķ
ݵĵ֮ɫһʼĵȴԽԽŨ
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ϵâԽԽʢΧɫ֡
ͣ
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ô£ҾȻʧȥʶ
ͷ󺧣ղһʵµĸоȻʧȥʶ

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ͷʱһ׼жȻڴʱǹɰȴͻȻһţԸӦٶȣӿݵĸ
ļΪͻȻֻ˲䣬Ѿȫ˻ȥʧӰ١·֡
⡭
ĿʱһоȻݻǿѹͷľӦһԼĵ
ȻӦԼڵʱȴǻȻ֮䣬ɿ۾
һ˿ɫһӶ
۾֮ѹ³һ
ھŲ㡭ڡ
ݵͷҵ

ôᣬﵽھŲڵģ
Ӧ˺ü飬ȷԼδиӦ֮ȴüͷ˼
ͨ泩ĸо·𲢲ֻǼ򵥵У·𻹴һĪ˵ʶһĪ״̬֮С
ݻ֮ǰĸо
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88 ׼
ҡ˵ǹȵǻ֮ڵĻôˡ˵һ㵽㣬ǾŲ㵽ʮܺҲƴﲻ̶ֳȣôΪʲôһʱô˵ҩȴҲֻڶ㣿ôʣµǹɾ޴ܵʲôطȥˣ
üͷ
ԼԷ֪֮⻢Բеǰ򵥡
ݳ˼Ҳ֪֮һ֮˼ӡ
ĻǾҪһβһˡ
ţȴ΢һ漴˫ۣʶԼĵ֮Сԥ漴ȴһҧѸٵĲ
ҵĲ²Ļôģ;Բֻһ㼶ôˡϣȷİɡ
һв֮˫ۡһ֮ٶȱ˫ۣʼ޸ԼĽ
һâݵϡ
Ȼˣ˵ĲءϫˮԹ˵δضЧеġڡھŲڡĳϫ֮£޸š
ʱ䣬Ҳݻ˸ɫĹâ֮䣬Ȼš

峿ݴ붨֮˹
ӦһԼľյˣѾõĲˡһЩʹѣȻû˴󰭡
߳Ѩݵ̧ͷ̫ѾˡϪڣԿС
вµʱ䣬Ҫ뿪Ϫˡ뿪ƱҲͲٻˡţѾﵽ˵ھŲڣƻеˣҲýˡ
ĿƬ֮ݵ֮ȴӹһ˿ɱ
һ֮еɱɢ
ǶڳϫµĸҲȥúõһǡðɣȥˣȻ󣬱ȥúõһµĸ򡭡
ƶ˶ڵļƻ֮һ漴ͷԼ塭
ǵҴӵھŲڴﵽ˵ھŲڣǽҵúõĶһ壬ܰ˴ϵײѾ⣡
¶һ˿Цݣ漴ȴ׼һȥ
ϿɻųʣڣȻҪȥúõϴһ

һϴ֮ݱǳһ򣬼ٱȥ
ѾǵھŲڵǿߣǷŵ޼֮УҲŵĸǿߡмȻûʹײڵھŲڵĳϫĴ߶£ٶȣѾ졭
ϧα鵤ݵʱƣĻѰһͷΪǾˡ
м䣬ȴЩϧš뵱쳽ſжģȷ˼Ϊۺ졣ԼзĻ룬һĹ򶼲ҪͿһءڣȴÿϺü졭
һҪ취Ūһ
зݵš漴˱ͬһӰѸٵķɱȥ

ʱ䣬Ȼš
ϪԵһ֮С
ߣ
һĮȻһɫâ̹
أ
ٶݵ֮𣬺Ȼ䣬һߵ壬ݺݵˤ˵ϡ
ա
ӣƮȻء
ãǺǣƣٶȺܿ찡̶̰겻ѾǴﵽˡӣҪﵽԲ֮ѾԶ˰
һº͵ԶĲݴ֮УӰȴ˳
ӱ鲢δжĲֻ֮˵ͷĿɨ䣬һȥ
˵֮˱΢һ㶣漴ȴǿɬҡҡͷ
ƻûдС뿪Ӱ߳
һòŮӣ̾Ϣ
СǱΨһĵܵܣСͼΪۿСݱҪӼķϲˣȴͻѡһʱ޷ܣҲ
ͷ˵̾һ֮ҡͷ˵ŰıӰֻ¶һ˿εЦݡ
ˣСݵȥЦݼȫʧÿÿҹ÷ԼҲŵʱ졭
˵ˣȥɡɱһЩޣййһܻõġٶҡҡͷ֮󣬿˵
˶ǵ˵ͷǰӵ󣬽нԶ
˶δз֣뿪Զ֮һӰȴǴǸղ·һ֮УȻ֡
ӰĿ⾲Ŀ뿪գ֮ȴ¶һ˿ůЦݡ
ƽ㡭
Ӱһ漴¶Цݡ
нˣ򸴺
ţӰȴ̧ͷ૵һС顭޶޺ǼȻҪԸңأѾľ˰ɣ
˵꣬Ӱһ漴λһӰûΧĴ֣ʧӰ١


89 Ż
ȻҪˣôڵһҪ¡ҵһС顣
˵ѣȴǡסݡ
޼ӪʮС飬ټӪصĻˣ߰˰ˡҪѰʮˣһܵѰҡѶȱѾСˡ
Ϊѵǡ
һСпȥˡȥʲôطȥ˶ˣʲôʱطЩ⣬һŲ֪ȴӺ
ȻҲѡֱӽӪءϾҲ˾޼ҵӣ˵Լѽ꣬񷽲ӻҲ˵Ĺȥ˵мţǾͲҪǵˡ
ǣȴھ޼ҵӵǰҪһ𣬱ȻͻʮֵĲ㡣ԣݲܻȥ
һ棬Ϯ޼ҵĵӣȻ޺޶˵ټѹ֮ǰغܶ˶ĳһ
Ȼһǳ޴İ취ԼɱЩӻǷŹЩӣȻᾪˡڵʵҪԸ˵ĻȻЩǿ
ңҲôվ˵Ķϡ٣ϵĶ棬վȥ
Ȼһ취ȥޱưæ
취һ֣ͱ߳Ժ
ҵô˵Լɱ쳽ǸԼһ׼ɱ޺޶
ݰԿЦҡͷ
ޱƸֻͬ޼ҵģʵϵȴһ硭޼ұȱһЩУʲôɱ쳽ɱ޺޶¶˵ʵ쾭塭˼Ҫɱܲ˵ϰ򣬲˻ְɣ
ޱƿǵصص޼Ů޼ҵף޼ҵˮ޼ҵĽġ޼ҵĹпǼǿңԼЩơ治ΪηӦ
ȥޱԼҪһЩ޼ҸҪһЩԼҪ޼ҪݶҪޱѡ
еʱѡǷǳʹġȥޱƣʹģֿԼĵѡ񣬵ȫȫĲѡĺá
еʱ򡭡ͿȷǸ
˼ȥ뵽հ취׵İ취Ҳֻİ취ˡ
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޼Ӫ޼ҵӵĴӪʮһ뿪Ӫ֮ǰ޶޺ˣȻҪصӪصġֻҪԼǡ
ݵһ˿Цڵʵ治޶˻ѡ
ŵȴʱ䣬ǡÿٶȹһ³ϫھŲڵľ硭Ҳһˡ
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ǣݱ޼ӪشԶһ֮˴ͨߵģͨʱ䲢ûʲô˻ҲǸļӳ
ȻݱͿʼĵĵȴ
ʱ䣬һһš޺ʼûг֡ݲżھŲڵĳϫʱĹ
ʱ䣬һζ
죬ͬһ붨֮˹һ֮֮¶һ˿Цݡ
ھŲڵọ̈̄Ͳ֪⻢ĵڶαʲôʱˡ
ݵĴһ˿ڴ
̧ͷݵĿ⣬ֱֱͶԶ޼Ӫشš
ϣǡף
ݸʶһ漴ȴ۾ͻȻһʱһ޼ӪأʱĿ
ˡ
糾͵ĵһСԱǴӴ⳯Ӫ߽ʱݵǣڷһ˿οЦݡ

磬ð
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޼Ӫش֮⣬һз糾͵ˣ߽˴šڵĵӿǣһʱ׷׳ͷߴк
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ͷߵķӦȴֻ΢˵ͷ㵱ǻӦˡޱ飬Ŵȥ

ʱһˣѾߵӪ
ȥүȥͷ­ˣȻ͸ԻȥϢɡ
һԺǰ֮ͷŤͷ˿˵
˶΢˵ͷ±ǸԷֿˡͷһղŻһƬĮü֮䣬¶һ˿ǵɫ漴ǴԺȥ
Ժ޼Ӫ֮УǽһҵԺˡռȻ޼ұҵЩ޴ԺᲢۣƽɵĵطԺ䣬ȷǴˡǰ࣬š
ү
ͷߵǰʱʱ΢һ
ͷֻ΢˵ͷǿ粽˽ȥ
ӭһͥԺԺǽŲٵֲǽĻ̳ŲٵĻܡ޶δֱͣӴͥԺ߽˴ˡ


90 ѯ
үһܼҷεˣڼͷ߽֮һ㶣漴΢һ
ͷߵ˵ͷһ֮΢üأ
ү鷿֮Сǹܼҹص
ͷ΢Ĭ漴ڵȥͨһ˵
ǡܼҹͷ漴߳˴ͷڴ֮еȴ
δȶãǹܼ˻ͷߵүү롭
ͷ΢˵ͷһԼĴһЩһǸڹܼҵ󣬳鷿ȥ
үˡСиˡ
ʱ鷿ſڡǹܼҶʱ΢΢˵漴ת뿪ˡ
ͷſ΢ĬƬ̣֮ɫ֮󣬲һö˷š

Į鷿д˳
ͷߣŶ롣
鷿Ĺ΢ЩһӴ֮и״һˣ鷿Ψһһ棬ӱīдһЩʲô

ͷ߼ˣ
һᣬµȻ˵
ŸոտڣȴͷҲ̧ĵĮ˵ͷ΢һ㶣漴Ҳٶ졣ĹߵһԵƫ֮ϣĵȴ
վ֮ĿרעĶϵֽţëʼΪȽĹš
ȲȻȴһ˵
Ƭ֮󡭡
īͣ
˾Ŀһ֮󣬽ëʷһԵ̨֮ϣ̧ͷ
ˣ޼үˡ

˷˱ʣͷվ΢
ţˣˣ̧ͷͷߡŶԷʮݣ˵޵˸һ¡
ǡͷߣҲ޶Ļص
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Ļ˻֣Լ̫ʦϡ޶΢Ҳȥ
䣬һʱЩ
֮˲ŵȻڵң£
⣬޶΢һ漴һ˿ѯʵҸףϢ𣿡
ƽĿ޶Ƭ֮ȴ̾һҾ֪⡭
޶ٶһȻȴ죬ӻ
˼⸱飬֪ʲôҡҡͷ֮Ϣ
Ŵԣ޶ٲ֮ϵı飬Ҳʱһɣӿ˼Ȼ
֮޶ˣˡҸϢһʱֶ֪ͨһֶмֶˡ
˵꣬޶ֹתӣȥ
һ¡
߳˵ȴ޶һ٣ͣӣɻŤͷȥ
֮˸żӵĹâ޶漴۽ǣʵ㸸ʧٽꡭ㣬ûѾ
ͣס
Ȼ޶ȴǶʱһ֮΢԰׵֮ϸֳһ˿ɬȻЦݣʵֶֺγ֪׺пˣֻδʬ֮ǰֶԸжϡ
һ֮˵ͷȴǲɵ΢ºˡȥɡ
޶˵ͷת뿪鷿
ڣֻʣһˡ
˾Ƭ֮ȴ˸˼ӵƬ֮վΣߵǰ֮ǰдļ֡
ڣƻԾ䣬ȴһ˵⾳ֽ˵Ǻ鷨
Ȼ棬ȴдĸ֡
٣裬ˣ˥
޼ҡҪʲô򣿡
֮һ̾˵鷿֮УĴȻû֮̾Ϣ֮С

磬ΣʮϢ𣿡
ճԺ䣬һ޶ӳ˼оѡ
̧ͷһСгԱѾԶڴ˵ȴˡ
޶ҡҡͷȴ˵
һСԱԶ΢һ㶣漴һüͷҲ
쳽һִͬеǸȻ쳽ȥɱݣȴлˡ·ϣ쳽δ׷ǣǻ쳽ѾһˡϾ쳽ٶȸҲǿ⡣
Ȼʮ֮ǻصӪأȴ֪쳽Ȼûл
ȻûлҲûлʱ˭Ҳᵣ쳽ʲô⡣
ֻǡһȥˣһ¹ȥˡ쳽Ȼһ˿ϢҲûд
£޶ʼˡ
쳽ĸװԼĸȫޣδ֪޶βĻţ
ǽĻţȴҲ޲ټһϪǲ˲ٵȥѰҲûѰʲô˿޶ʲô취
ΨһģҲÿλصӪ֮ǰȥѯһˡ


91 
ʮү࡭Ҳ̫żˣ˵׼ʮүĳ˲Ļŵ˻سҲһ
һһСĳԱŹ˵
˶֪Ϫռݶ꣬ʲôﻹֵĵ쳽˵ֻǰο޶ˡ
޶ǣԷİο֮ԣԷһ⣬޶λ֣
һ֮޶ݻָһ侲
ˣոոջҾͺúϢɡգȥ񡣡
յһСִŸոջطνӵǻɱһͷ߽ڵë޵ߣë
޶߲۷ԲԼ߽׳ڵǿѹȻɼ򵥣ֵ
֮ٽ񡭡ڣȥϢɡ
޶˵꣬ǵȳһȥĵһСԱǣ˵仰֮Ҳһžס֮ȥ
ʱ䣬һļ߽ڵһ߽׺ڵ߽۷Բһܹ֣ʮˡĻӦǲ˰ɣ
һСԱ߱໥
˵ͣҲ߰ҽ˵ʮСЩһǽһ˽׳ڵ񡭡ɣʱʮˡϧ߽Բϵ񲻶࣬Žȴǲ١ĻСʵЩʵڲѣǵĻҲڴˡֵĸߵֱͣӹϵս
һЩϧ˵
ϪȻСʵҲ㲻ϴޣȻҲǼ޵ġҪ뽫˵سڵ֮һЩҪֶǱġ
˵Ƶϸ߽޵
˹࣬ĻԸĺӵֻܵȥѣ˵ˡͬҲ̫٣θߵ޶ˣȻӰ쵽Ч
ԣͨԣ߽׺ϵ񣬶ǲʱ붼ŵӪеġҺϪ޻СߵȻ࣬ȴҲ١ֻҪ֤ÿɱܽЩ߽޵άһȶֵ֮ϡ
νϸˮܳ˵ľôһ
ʶҲǿġ˵ʵǿһԽӵȽ׸ߵˣȻԽӡûԼȥɱǵȻҲֻû˽ѡ
ԣһСʵȻǿǻ־ͲһĶߵĶȥ
˽׳ڵ񣿡ǵһСĳԱȣ漴Ľǵйõˡ
ǰҪһҲܽӵһ˽׳ڵģǿɾˡ
˵˵ЦЦ䣬ߵԶˡ

һ֮£ʱ䣬ȥˡ
ݾӪŶĴ֮С˫΢Уƽ
ż
ȻҲ޺޶뿪ӪأҲβǵ󡣵ǣûж֡
ڶɱˣǴݾ߶ѡ֮ǰ쳽һݣҲϣһ
ͬǣ쳽˲˼ˣҪǴɢȻݣȴŹһСκһˡ
ݿɴһúǣȫްԹȴ쳽һ֡ݵʵǿڱϮͷϸ֮ײôڵݾѾһˡ
ˣҪɱݣֻ˶ѣҲɼ㣬ףҲ⡣
ǣ׹ף⡭ǱϾǶԼֶˣҪԼءʵ󲻳ʲôԭԷŵǵеһ
⼸ĶУȴǷһСϸڣȴЩ벻ס
ҡⱾڵһСˣȴûһСκεǣһСδҰʱݱǷ
֣ȴͷһ΢üͷ
ûǴĻƺ˵ĴӡһŴϵʱȷڵһСġǣʲôʱ뿪ĵһС飿Ϊʲô뿪
յһСʵвֵʱݵȷûмҡ
Ϊҵڰҹè޳Ѩʱڴ֮⣬ݲδзֵǸʱѾ˵һС飬뵽Сˣһ㣬ȴЩŪ̫ˡ
һֿԲ󡭡ûһС顣
аĲ²šһԣһηС֮ûǲб䶯ˡοҪϮɱһϵ飬رεˣ˭ñ֪رεˣô˵һص֮󣬻ָȥ
ԣһֲ²ҵҲڣڴ֮⣬ԲûбԼֵĿԲ
ôǵڶֿˡǵڶֿԵĻô˵ΪЩѰζˡ
΢۾ת


92 һС飬
Ƭ֮ȴòҡͷ˼²⡣
Ŀǰ˱ֳΪʵЩһʲô̬
ҡҡͷ̧֮ͷ˴⣬Զ޼Ӫشš
ѾˡӦã˰ɣ
һ֮һ˫ĵȴ

ǰ˽׳ڵ񣿡
޶е֪ĵȼ֮ǰ۵ʮСһһСԱʱ㵵ĺ˳
дõô⾭˵޼ҵӶ΢һ㶣΢΢Ŀ
˴޼ӪУһСӳ޶ᡣ
š˰˽׳ڵ񡭡ɱɽޡ޷ߣأСӦǲСҿɲҪˡ
޶˵ͷ漴˵
ͷİɡ˽׳ڵ񣬿ʮְǽʱ򣬼ڻ֣Ȼŵһλȥ
һԱʱЦȥʮ㡣
⵹Ҳ޽ֻҰޱܶѣȴǲߡ֮£ǿҪʤǿҲǲܵġ
統̵ɱ֮ʱֻ׳ڵʵɱһͷڵĻޡ⣬ǵ͵ʤǿ
˵ҹèٶƵԼַޣȴڡˡͬȼĵѾ޷ٶǹɶв
Ψ첻ơ˵ľôһٶȴﵽһּޣǿǿѾվһܵľ֮ˡ
ɽԵޣ˵ǰ˽ޣһ㣬ٶҲһ㡣ǷǿһЩҲǳصġ
һ߲۷Բ߲ڣԼ㣬ǿߡʵ˵ǰ˽׳ڣڣڣ֮Ҳܽնɱˡ
޶֮ԣҲӿ˼Ц⡭ȷСʵ΢֣Ҫɱɽޣȷǲѵġ
ˣʰһ£һͳɡ
޶ܽԵĿ˵һСԱ漴Ǹ뿪׼ȥˡ

峿һСĳԱģӪſڼ
޶˫һܣ˶Ե룬ǿڵ
һСĳԱǣϪˡ
ԶĴ֮Уһ𾲾һҹӰڵһСԱ뿪Ƭ֮վΡ
â΢һһҹʪ͸˵ʱͻİƬ֮󣬱øˡ
ĿȴǿԶ֮Уɱ΢˸
ڳˡ
һ֮ӰһӰûΧĴ֮СʧӰ١

ϪһĳӯһɱϢ
޷ŭĳХʱĲҽ˾ɱʱ˲䱬ĶݶĺУϪȻʣϸŵĻ·Ŀ֮УһɵѪζ
ͣ
໣
һâһͷͨѪĳª޵ͷ­ʱ˵ϡ
飡
޵ͷ­Զһ׷顱һ죬ԽĽͷ­ʱһϡá
Ȼֻǵ׵ޣ֮ʱԴ飬ǻһֵķʽ̼ΧޣǷĳ˴㼯ҿǳԹ޵Ŀġ
޶ջƣƳһѾ͸˵޵ʬ壬¶һЦݵĮ˵
һСԱԶ΢΢һЦȴӿֳ˼ָп
һϪַ·ĿȴѾǵ⵺ˡ棬Ҳ˽ʱ˰
һСһ߽׳ڵ޼ҷּҵӣĸп
һСĳԱԶһҡ˵ϵֻ޶޺˶ѣʣµķּҵӣȴҲԵˡ
򣬵ôܶǾʵֱԣ
˵һʱҲЩпꡭʱ䣬˵˵̡̲ȴһɱһḻǿˡ
ò˵ѡϪΪ춼һ֮أʵǷǳǵһ
Ŀģǿ˵ʵõ
ģ˵ǣ޽սľ飡
޽սô׵£
෱࣬κһǿҲ˵ԼʶޡУҲӵޡϵġ\ޡ統˲׼ɱİҹèޡȵȣǶӵŸֵЩǲСĽ˳ϴǣ


93 ɱ
Ϫںƽ֮µ˵һޱѪȵĵطɱ¾ʱʱ̶̿ڷʱʱ̶̿һ񣬻һУ޲Ŵ˴Σ
ȻϪͬ޵սһ߱ôŵ˵ϪһƬƽ֮ء
ߣҿһľ¡
Ŀȥһ߼ʵĿҰƽԭԨһ̶ʵıݵһߵļﷶΧ֮ڣҲİ˽ףŽףʮףƷ׵ޡ
Щһò׺ݶצ䣬ɺ˫ͫɢױȵײй󡭡໥ɱϮ࣬ΪпķʽڽšǧѪɺӣݵǽ屻һһѪȾ˺һɫԲء
ڰѪȣɱ¾ÿһ̴̼ÿһ˵Ӿζ
ǽһֳ
ŵ˵΢СһЩˣǿһۣпܱŵĸεѶ
һգһֿɲ
һδսˣͻȻͷŵֻ֮ȥ漸Ƕ٣
ȻٶԱһϪ
ʣɽ䣬Զһɽżɽֱ䣬ǹֱָ񷡣֮ϣż޳֣໥ɱŭĲҽѪ쭷ɣ𵭵ѪζȻ漴ȴǱµɢںɫա
ĶԱȣ˵һЩʲôˡ
Ϫͬһվ
Щڳɳ֮еߣһ޵սһΡһײУЩһ˷ʤ
ȻδκǰЩְֵĽ̵һЩʲôеȴɱȿڿഫӵЧ
Ƕѧˡսʱ򣬲ܴ⣬ҪСĽ֮ڲȷʲôʱҲǲܷƬ̡
ѧЩĳɳеߣгһ̤㵽սһߵʱǲиߵļʻȥ
ǵģȥŰ½Ȼһ졣ޣǿ̶ȣǳġ
ûκһ˵ޣһǬİ׳ۡеߣǺ컹죬ӵеǻּǳؾ٣񷶴ηսȡֻһ
ȥ
Ű䣬ΪάһƬƽͣһһĴȥֱ

磬ǻжÿԵִɽ޵ĳѨ
޺ͻȻѯʵ
޶üǣ¿˿֮üѾ죬ٶȣԼĪʮңǿԵִɽ޵ĳѨˡ
ʮ찡ϣһЩһңͿԻؼˡ˵޺¶˼аĹӽһĽʵЩȲˡ
޶ԣüͷȴһ壬Ƴ޺һۣȴδ˵ʲô
ɫǻ裬޺ʵڲһɿõˡ
޺а֮Ŀȴǿ˵ϵޡͻȻĪЦǴһ˿˵ҵ𡭡˵Ƿϲտһʬ޴³ޱ椶ֻȺУõһϽ٣ϲȻҶײңʵǻá
޺Ļȴ޶üͷʱһ壬漴ȴ΢
ݣȻܲԼĸ쳽
쳽׷ɱ֮󣬱ʧټӽʱȥˣȴֵѶҲޡ޶˼ֲ²⣬Ѿʲôˡ
Ǿʲô⣬޶ȴ󲻳
΢Ƭ֮޶һȻŵˣ·ɡһһأʱ䡣ǱҪӿһЩٶȣĻǸϲϻسˡ
һ£ҲͶǵ˵ͷǰ
Ƕûע⵽ھǲԶһĲݶУһӰȴϢľĿǡ
ˣβǶݣ
Ŀ˸Ŀǿʼ̵ıӰ漴ֻһܡΧһƬԶʱУ
һƬҰ̡ɱʬó
ѾˡţҲʱˡ
뵽һбɱʱ˳һȻʣС
쳽嵶
漴ݵûǰӲ֮С
ԣգ㳢һ¡ɥ֮ʹ


94 ޶
޶ȵһС飬Ϫǰš
ϪϣʵǿҪž衭Ϊ㲻֪ʲôʱ򣬴ʲôط߾ͻͻȻ㷢Ϯһ㣬κһϪйˣ
޶ȵһСĳԱȻԳʵһ·ҲǼΪСĽȺ޵Ļ㼯أôӵ߲ϵǿߣսҲȻǼΪ
Ⱥޣ˼壬Ǽ㼯һ塣
ЩҲֵʵ̫ǿһͬȼߣ׵ĽɱǣЩ޻۵һ̶ȵ֮³̶ȣˣΪ֮
ͨԣͬͬһطܵѪζĴ̼֮ʼ꣬񡭡ʱǿֲġΪǻṥԼΧ֮ڵκһҵɱ¾չ֮ͨܳһʱ䡣ֱΧ޾䣬Ѫζˮ嵭
ȻǵĹȴûʲôĿԵġҲ˵໹ޣֻҪĹΧ֮ڣͻᷢᵼսּΪң£лԳʵǿҲ㲻ʲôֲ
ǣȺԵȴǲȻ
˵ҾǣôǶʱͻӵ߷Ľң乥ĿԣҲ˵еޣᳯžǵ߷
ֹǲݵģٶȱЩ޿౶׵˦ǵ׷ɱĻ㼸ˡ
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ôˣôˣʲô£
޶ɴ۾ͻıЩ͡Ŀŵϵʬ塭
һ˲䣬ֻһ˲䣡
תٵˣʱ䣬Ϣ
ȻϢ֮䡭СԱŵģֻʣ
޶һʱ䣬ѾôǰһĻŪˡ
⣬⵽ô£
޶ˣ˫۶ʱ鲼Ѫ˿
ֻһ˲䣬ֻһ˲䰡һС飬ȫ
Ȼ˷ǡڣ޶ûŪϮǵģһʲô⣡
Ѫ˿ͫһȻȥһ±ӰȴǺȻӳ
ͦΣݣ־壬ɱ޶Ӱĵһӡ
Ȼ޶۾Էеĳ֮ʱȴǻȻ׻еľһ˲䣬ﵽ˶㣡
ǷǸ׵嵶


95 ޶
޶סˣնĶŻӰеĳȫѪҺȫ̡
׵嵶޶С棬ܿȻԶϤĻȣ͡һеһУȫȻûж£
ô᣿ô᣿׵嵶Ϊʲô˵Уѵѵ
޶еѪ˿˲ɢ
Ϥô
ȻڴʱһʵȴǵĮ޶ζʱһ˲Ķ˵ıӰѪ˿ơ
ȷǱõ
±Ӱס˵Уḧһ¡
ǡʮ嵶
ЦУתͷ
һգ˻ŵ޶޺ǰ
ݣ㣬ݣ
ӸղſʼѾȫŵȫ͵޺ϤʱͻȻһ漴˫ۼɳۿ𾪣Ȼţ˲䲼ˣǷ·׻һ㣬ȫӲԭء
ô᣿ô᣿ôϲӦʮ쳽ôᡭô᣿
޺Ѿȫʧȥ˼ά
޶޺ľ֮֮Ҳϳɴ۾鲼Ѫ˿ͫ׾ҵš
á
Ȼ˶С㡭
ҧгһ޶Ŀ૵˳
ڰҹè޳Ѩʱ޶²ݱȻǿȥǰļ򵥡ǣεĲ²⣬Ҳȫû뵽ԷȻѾ̶ֳȡ
㣬ɱҸף
޶ͻȻ̧ͷĶݡӿĳɱ죡
ݵȴ΢һ㶡һǰǵһԱ˳ӵָо֡
ֵĸоֻ΢һת֮ݱǽ׳Ժ
ӲΪԼˡԼ֮еκһˣȴΪԼĸɣڿ˼ҪԼءԼѲɻñɱ
˲ңҲˡҡУ޵ӹһ˿⡣
ݣһúˡ
뵽ݵָһƬƽ
ĵ˵ͷǵġڣֵˡ
Ҹ
ȻݵĻһ䣬޶ȴͻȻˡ
޶ˣ
ݵĮĻش֮ؿһɱҲ̲ס籡
쳽ԼĸףǸԼƽش飬ȴΪĸסǸԼʱὫԼӵ뻳УԼԼЦĸסǸڷǰܻվԼǰ߸ߴһɽԼڷ絲꣬һƬյĸס
ˡ
ˣ

ɫĹĴ޶֮пӿأ·ҲΪıŭĲֻáǡ֮Уһ֣ĽºȻӶĵش̣ȻݵĽ£ݷķͻ̶ȥ
¡¡
أ
һСش̡ٶȼ졣ڰҹè޵ĳѨҹèϮɱ꣬޶شΧκԣһش̺ȴҹè޵ٶҲòʱܣٶ֮졣
Ȼݵıȴδжı仯ֲεٶȣڵ˵̫
оâһʹײ˲ʹֻһζǶ㿪ǵش̵Ĺ
ȥ
Ȼ޶ĹȴδֹͣеĳѾȫѾ˲ɱһСԱĿɲս˼άֻһ뷨
ɱɱԼĸɱĳˣ
˻
гɫĹ󣬴һǰƣα䣬ݿնȥ

ĵ磬õĿҲǷĳХ
һ٣ŷе޶кâһȻһţ
Σʱһâгʱһâ˵ͬʱ޶һ磡

ϯĻɢӰ漴ֹ˵֮ϡ
ͣ
һ죬޶Ĳ͵̧һѪȻ쭳漴Σ˵ϡ
޶֮Ȼŷɫɴ˫۾ĳޣѾ˻ɫѪĺͷӿ̼䣬Ⱦǰء
ϸ֮Уջ˳Ŀһ۵ϵ޶漴̾һ
쳽ʧٰ࣬޶Ȼʱʱ̿ڴ̽Ϣգ֪쳽֮ȷ쳽Ϣȴ˷˲ɱ˵Ŀֲɱݡ˵Ҳǿ˾Т֮ˡ
ݾƬ֮ȴŤͷˣĿѾȫ͵޺
޶ǿ˾ТȻǣкιϵТӿɲֻһѡȻ£Ҫе
ȻѡΪУҪó׼
ʮ߸磬ˡ
ݵĮ𣬶޺֮ϵѪɫ˲˵Ӱ١


96 ɫ
޺֮ϣѪɫʡֺȻɫӿա
ݵĮӸ̲ס˼ſݣɫĺȵݣʲô
ʲôݵĿһۣ漴¶һ˿Цʮ߸粻һֱҪһɫ𣿽գǸᡣ
޺ԣɫסһɫ⿴ѾȫʧȥϢİ˾ʬ壬޺촽ɫһڵߣ޶߲۷ԲǿߣڶԷ߲һСʣµļˣһ֮УǱɱһɫ
޺ɫ䣬¶˼־壬
ݣʮʮ߸ǰȷǶԲ㡭ʮ߸ǸұϾʮ߸簡㿴ұֵͬܵϣģʮ߸һ𣿡
ɫ֮ȴһ˿ġ
޶ڵ֪ݱɱ֮󣬶ʱ˶ԷĿ־壬ĳݷĽȻЩĸоݲηǿеİǣȴֵ塣
Ȼٿ޺һݲ԰ף֮Ȼż־־塭ų̬֮ﻹеһμʱְȻ벻һ
㣬ԵĶӣ
ݿһ֮ͻȻҡͷЦ˳еĲм˿Ρ
ģ޺ʵڻɣԼɱǵʹǰһ⡭
еĲм޺жʱӹһ˿ŭȻϵİ˾ʬ֮һ˿ŭʱɢӰ١ɫӲ԰˼֣촽΢΢£ȴǲҽӻ
ݸ޺Ƭ֮ʧˡ
ԼҪŭɺȻʧˡ
ͻȻоɱһӲʵ㲻ʲô顭
ҡҡͷ֮ѾȫʧȥȤ
Įٶ𣺡Ȼʮ߸粻һɫǾ׼·ɡ
˵꣬еɱʱ˸
㣡
޺ɫʱ䣬Ȼһ仰ŸոճڣݵΣȴѾһâֱָ޺ȥ
ݵٶ̫ˣ߲۷Բ޶Ҳȫûа취ϣ˵ֻڵ޺ˡ
޺һ˿ӦĻҲûУѾȻϮ
䣡
Ȼڳ޺ϵǰһϢ޺ؿ֮ϣһŽ⣬ȴͻȻţǵ⣬Ȼ˲ؿһջһŽɫҫĹâ
Źâڿֻһ˲Ĺۣ̼䣬Ȼǻһɫʵ޵ݵĳݺݵײһһȻ죬ʱ
ɫ޵ʵʣޱȣڵݱĵҲȫ޷֮Ტۣʵأ̺һɿıŰ
ݵɫʱһ䣬ֻһӴʱ֪Ӳã
ɫ䣬漴͵һҧǹ淴Ϯһ˲䣬ݵΣȻת
䣡
ײ
һһը죬ݱͼٶȣһ˲䣬Ȼȫģʧ
ǹĽɫ˲ʧȥĿ꣬Ȼ̶ֱ漴ݺݵն˵ϡ
䣡
Ȼ֮Уضɽҡ漴һʮ׳ѷ죬˵֮ϣ
ݵΣʮ׿ĵطɫ԰ףǣһ˿Ѫ
ֻһ˲ĽӴֻоԼ඼ǳܵһɾ޴ĳѾǾŲڵǿߣڸǿѾΡһ£
ݵĿ⣬Ͷ޺
ǹȻ޺У
˾ҵײ֮£޺Ȼһȴݵǵײ֮£ݺݵĵ˳ȥڿкݺݵ˼Ѫʮĵط
ɫһƬ԰ףѪĭͣӿгӯž־壬ȻѾˡ
ðԵĵӦԵİɡ
ݵԺлŸղһʵʵʵĽɫ֮ϣնĵں
⣬Ѳ²⡣
Ҳ˵ھŲڡǵڰ˲۷ԲҲֻķݡ
ң⻹ӵײǰ֮¡ûײڵӲ֮ײϣսҲȻ
ݵɫ粻
Ȼ֪ʲô޺һǣԶϲӣǺܿصİ
һĿĶ޺
޺ȻѾЩˡ
˾ҵĶײ޺ûа׼ûѾǵӹΰˡ
ɫ粻˸ţƬ֮ɱӿ֡
㿴񣬽գɱˣ
гʱһϣʱӿֳʵľɫâȷԷϻûеڶȻٽˡ
漴ն£


97 п
˺
֮ȫâ̼ӿǳȫն֮һΪʵľɫУʱѵŵϵ޺նȥ
ѾЩ̫޺նеӰµľɫ֮ʱʱָ
Ȼ漴ȴʱǣ
ݣɱңҵŹģ
ǳһ˲䣬޺ȴͻȻӿֳɫԹпӿ˻ߵĴһ֮󣬵Ӱݺϡ
䣡
ûеڶɫ֣ɫУֱֱ޺ϡŵģµĴأҲ˲ҳһ޴ѷ죬һ졭Ļ𡭡
޺һҽУŶ޵Թޣһ̯࡭
ɫĮȻջ˳űһ̯޺漴ȴüͷ΢һ塣
ֻһɫԭƾʲôʽ޺ģû뵽
Ѿȫһ̯Ѫ޺ݵüͷٶһ塭ֶȻǿӲǱֻ̬ǵ޺еڶɫʶʹõ̫û뵽ȴöԷȫһ̯Ѫ࡭
ĻһΧһСĳԱѾȫնɱˡ
ݵ΢˸˼֮ȴ̾һ૵ȻѡΪѡͲҪĺ
˵ţһݵ̧ͷܡ
Ѫ֮Ѿܣһ޵ҲѾԶĽ˹ݵȴӹ˼˼Ĺâ
Ƭ֮ݵӹһ˿ԥŤͷ˿ΧĵһСԱʬ壬գһ˿ϡ
תͷĿ⣬ֱֱĳϪһȥ漴ȴǻһӰֱֱķȥ
ʱ䣬Ȼš
ģͷޣһʱ䱻ɢѪζ⸽űͷɺɫͫɢŷĺâ·Ѱʲô
ǴӻĲ֮ΣǰһСԱʬ֮ʱеĺâʱʢȻ󣬷˹ȥ
һһڣ˺ҧŵһСԱʬ壡
һʱ䣬Ѫ࣬ʱЩ˺ҧŵޣ׵ҷɣ
Ȼͷͬʱһʬʱսʱʼ
һͷޱһͷ޷ײȴײΧһͷʳһһСԱʬޣ漴ͷҲŭˡսʹչ
ѪȵһĻѪ쭷ɣѪζԽŨҲЩǿ޵ķ¶һһĿӶ
ʱƣѪζޣҲԽĶʱѾһʮͷ޻սĻ֮أ
һСԱʬ壬Ѿֻʣ²֫ϱۣҲ̶á
ɱ¾ѪζԽԽŨԽԽޡѪζ˵ԶֻĴ̼֮
ϵѪԽԽ࣬Ѿ㼯һСϪУϸ꣬Ȼš
Ҳ֪˶ãЩ޷ɱѾȫ֮ͫʱһ޴ӰȴǴϪٵķ˳
Ǿ޴ӰǰһĻʱԶȴһ£漴¶
Ȼݣ
ֻݵļ֮ϣ޵ʬ塣
ЩԼĪһףһϸβͣͨڣëΪֲڡоḻߣȻϳޣȺѪ
ǵβ໥ס㿹߾Ѫʬ塣ÿһͷѪͷǱݺݵնѪӿʬģȻǸá
ݿѪʬ壬㶵ĿԶ໥ŵޡһСԱѾûһȫʬˡ
㶵ĿƬ̣֮ȴǱ۾һӹһ˿̣ٶʱѾȫʧ
֪һСԱžʬѪζΧޡ֮ǰ뿪Ҳ׼һ㡣
ȥɱ˼ͷѪΪֻ߾˴ʱ򣬽һСԱȫϢ֮˲ŲỳɵԼͷϡ
˭֪Ⱥ޵ĿֲǵھŲڵǿߣǾȺޣûҲһ;οһǿ߲߲۷ĺ󱲣侪ѪȺޣȻɱҲ֮С
Ȼ޶˵ĽȻǲ᷸Ĵ˿Ҳǻִ᷸󡭡ʲôϵҪģֻһƺԵɶѡ
һжݵС
뿪ѪζޣʳСԱʬ壬ȻսһУݵС
ǣƹơЩһڿڵ˺ҧʬ壬˺ķѵĲп᳡桭ָоԼղһ޺ҳ࣬Խܣ


98 
ţΪҲ࣬ԵԼͬʬʱ᲻ɵһָͬܵĸоԵɰɣ
ݲ֪ˣȻ޲
һָ侲ΣȻζǰӶȥ
ݵٶȿ쵽˼ޣھŲڳϫӳֵȻȲײȴҲҪе޿Ķ࡭
λӰȺڷ໥ɱŵ޵ǰ漴͵һ㣬߸ԾͬʱһʱϵļͷѪʬ壬뵽ȺСμ죬ݺݵĵһͷ޵֮ϣʱõԴȻըԽѣݺݵԵڵء
ݣһ֮ٶȰθߣٶȻһӰԶӿȥ
һϵеĶףûκ޷ʲô쳣
ʵϣǷݣЩѾɱ۵ޣҲǲ׷ɱġ
ݵΣھѪȳĵطͣΡĿ⾲Ŀһգ̾һ֮תӡ
΢ţ̧ͷɵա
漴ΣûǰĻĲݴУʧӰ
ʮͷޣȻڷ໥ɱ¾š
һ磬ɱ¾һ죬ŨѪȫ嵭Ϊֹ

ʱ䣬Ȼš
֮ϪϿգҲһ¶ΪաŵĺζȻȴδжѪȡ
ÿһ֮ϪʱʱӯŵѪϢŻȫɢȥȻʱ䲻̫ΪϪʱʱ̶̿ڷѪȵɱ¾ò˶ãѪζٶϪ
ûоЩѪ
Ϫһ롣ɽͼ϶֮У߳һ֧Сӡ
֧Сӵʮˣȥ糾͵ӣϵҲͰͣȻѾϪĻҰ˲ʱǡǣϪԵȥ
һԼʮĵ꣬߳ɽͼ϶֮󣬱ԴֺµĻͷһۣգ³һˡ
ǰҪǾЩѪǽտɶý
ߣһݵͬĵ˵ͷҲŤͷһۣ֮ͬżֺ¡
֡ͼϼأѪĳѨǾ˴ŶԡΪλ
һòΪŮӣȴü΢Ŀ΢૵
Ҳ΢һҲ¶˼ɻ
ЩȺ޾ͬһС͵Ⱥһ㣬ȺڵķֹķֹҪΪȷ
˵ʳרŵʳ뿪ѨȥԣȻسѨԷ䡭ҲظسѨģǵǿسѨֵȵȡ
ȺȼɭȻΪˣûʲôԵɣǲ뿪ԼĳѨġ
᲻ǳʳѪǡñˣ
ŮԱߣһ΢ԲŮӲ²
̫ܡŮҡҡͷѪϰϲͨʳո¹һ꣬յ峿Ϫѵõ֮ʱʱΣЩѪܻʳġңʳģҲ֪ܵѪѨܱߵޣҪܼĶࡣôܻԶ
Ů΢һ㶣Ϊʲô
ŮȻ΢üͷȻҡҡͷҲ֪
ѽΪʲôءѾȫˣ͹ˡģ
һʼ˵һҲǲ²ⲻԵɵĻ˻ֵ֣˵
ŮӶһ㶣漴ҲЦŵ˵ͷҲͲٶˡ
㣬㿴
߳Զľ֮ŮĿͻȻһ漴ָǰͻȻ
ţŮ΢һ㶣̧ͷҲǶʱһüͷʱ

ǰʮҵĵطһ޴ޱȵɫأǵǰ
ƬһƬǽ壬֮ϿӿݣŲٵѺۡ
ȻⲻҪġҪǣ棬԰ټƵʬ壬˵ľǶ
Ůӵüͷֻ΢һ壬漴ǻָϪֳǾῴȻھһ˵ˡ
ӣǰʱ䣬һɱ¾ʱ䲻ǰɣ
Ůӿһ֮˵
ţӦǵġ
꿴һ֮Ҳǵ˵ͷ˵
֪ʲôԭġ
Ůӷ·ͻȻ뵽ʲôɫ΢һ㶣漴üͷȻʱ򡭡
㣬㿴ǣǣ
ߵŮӾͻȻ
ôˣ˼ʲôʲôŮӶʱѣŤͷ˳Ůӵ߿˹ȥ漴ɫȻһ䣬¶˾ɫ
ǡ޶
ŮһͷƤ΢΢
Уʮ׾һڣһͷ­ˮУɴ˿ն˫ĿֱĿաǿͷˣͽС޶


99 ˣŭ
޶ȻѾһʱ䣬Ӵ󲿷ֶѾ˺ѿһԴá
ֻԴ֮ϣҲ˺ۣѾɫŮӶ޶ΪϤĻֻҲһ۾ϳȫ˵Դˣ޶
˶Ǵסˡ޶ʲôˣǿĺܡ޼Ӫ֮Уʵǿߣ߲۷Բߣ޼ҵĺ֮㣬޼ҵʮү쳽ӡκһͷΣǼ̡
ڣһˣˣ
˶ЩԽܡ
ﲢûʲôǿ޲Ŷԡ޶ʵôܻ
ŮӰ˼⣬ȻмֲšȻƬ֮ȴƺͻȻ뵽ʲôһȻĿȴĳһۡ
ѵ
ŮæŤͷĿ⳯޶֮ѰҶȥƬ֮Ŀʱֹ
Ȼ
Ůһ漴üĬ
Ƭ֮ŤͷԱȻ֮е˵޶׼ȥңûˡ
˶΢һ𣬿Ůӡ漴æȺ޵ʬ˹ȥ

֮޼Ӫء
˵ľ޼ӪͥԺӪصǡһɽĽŸ֮
޼ӪͥԺڣͬʱҲ޼ΪڡΪɣǲ׵Ĵ˵ġ
ˣ޼үڼ֮еλǼߡӪ֮УǵλߵĴڡе޼ҵӣ˭ľ
ǽ졭
ʲô
һޱȵͥԺĴֱ֮͸⣬ԺſڵĻΪ֮һ漴ɻ໥һۡ
ղСŶʮСҴҶɫ֪Ƿ˲С顭ڿȻǲС
һŤͷһͥԺȻߵͬ˵
ͬΪȻĵ˵ͷĿҲһ
Դ˵ƢԣȻҲ𾪡ӣʵС
Ҳ֪Ƿʲôˡ

ڣһճģ֮ϴż𾪵վλ֮ϣ˫֮УųŵɫֱֱǰһĿš
ǰһ֧Сӣվڴ֮С
һݸ꣬һֱվԭء˵ĿʵʣΪڵԳܡʱȴұ¶ҧͷ˾âͫס
Щˣǰ;ɽͼ϶޶ɥ֮ص޼С飡
ݸġȻ޶ͷ
ףô£
ɭ˫ͫɢ˵ĺâ漴ĿƶһԵŮӡ
Ůӵɫȴδжı仯΢ЯʮСǰ񷵻Ӫص;Уһɽ϶
Ůӱǽη޶׼ľ˵˳ͫ˸ŵĺâ촽Ůӵ˵
ֳ˷ʮ֮⣬Щ
Ů˵ţһۡæ˳˵ǰ
Ƕһ˱һһһСİǽ˵ϣȻĴ򿪡
˵Ŀ⣬ʱͶעϡ
Сİİڷ˾Уѳı˶ʱϳЩУǵһСԱ嵶һԸǵģݣһ֡
Ǹ֮У¶ȴһڵ塣ϸһ֮ݶʱһ䡣
Ѫ
ǰУȻǰѪӣ°ȻȫȻʧֻһԴ֧ǰ֫Ӱжʲôޡ
Ů΢˵ͷѪİʬʵǷʮ֮ǰǰһҵĵطٵѪ֮󣬱ʮΧͷѪʬ塭
˵Ůӱû˵ȥ
粻ĿѪʬ塭Ѫͷ­֮ϣһ˿ڣԴƿȻ˿ڣпڣһ
˼˵޶ǵһСѪĳѨȻŻᱻ׷ɱģ
˿һ֮ͻȻһ˫ۡٶ˫֮ʱбľâѾʧȡ֮ģȴ
Ů΢漴ҡҡͷӲ²⡭΢һ֮ȴ˵ʮ˽⣬Ľִ᷸󡣡
һеɱҲ̲ס
ҿԿ϶˵ˣ޶ƢĻԲǵĴ󣡡


100 µ
˸޵ɱһһСϵ粻
ɱ޶ȣ漴ǰѪѨѪ漴նɱӳѪ׷ʱΧ޶ȻѾʱնɱ޶˶µѪζ˻ʬ𼣵ĹȻٽԼնɱѪʬ嶪ȺСһһɱ˵ֳ
˵˴һҧ˺ļƣöֶΰ
Ůȴǲ΢һüƬ̲֮ס˵ʵȻǿȻôǿֺα˴£ɱֱ֮ȥȻѭѪζɻʬ𼣵ĹαðűѪ׷ɱΣ
ȻĿġ
˸ݡ
ڹʲǵߡ
ǵߣŮ΢һ㶣ü΢¶ֺɡȻȴΪȻ
ԷαʲôߣԶԷ֮ǿʵ޶ȫɱȻٽǵĵȫѪĳѨ֮С˭֪޶˵ϾѪζޣ϶Ὣ޶˵ʬԵĸɸɾ
ٲȻΪֹһͽǵʬҲһĶѪĳѨУΪա
ϱҪ뿪Ϫˣ޶ǽȥġʧˣҪҲҲɣֺαضһٵնɱѪʲô֣ʲôߣ
Ů΢ҡͷʵڲ⡣
һ֮ȴǱ˫ֵۣȥɡһС¡й
Ůһ㶣ü漴ȴǲδ˵ʲô˵ͷֵˣˡ
˵ţ˵˵ͷǳŴ֮ȥ
ݸ΢ԥһ֮󣬽ûҲŵ޶׼˴֮ϡתæȥ
ʱ֮Уֻʣһˡ
˲֪ãˣŻ˫ָӵĿ⣬˵Ϲ޶׼
ȥӪʮﷶΧڵһпз֣ҷɱۣ
ȻתΣɱ
ǣ
֮⣬һֱŵææµȥ
ֱλ뿪֮˵ȴ޵Ե
һٵġߡĿģ¾Ϊ֪޶Ѿ˵ϢɣĿġʲô
˵񣬿ٵ˸

ϪϵʣѾǱˡꡱˡϸ֮УȻдһЩɫѩͣƮõһƬ֮С
ʱ䣬Ѿߵʮµף붬֮ˡһʱ䣬Ҫȥ
޼޼ҵӣҲǻص޼ӪءҲҪʱ䷽һΡۿʮʱ䣬Ҫ뿪Ϫؼˣе޼ҵӶѡӪظõͽĥԵ似ûٳ
ȻһҪԭǡջ
һ꣬ȴģ޷ǾѡȻû˻ʱˡ
ھ޼ʮ⣬Ǻ
˿ӿĴŰ߽ʯ¡¡ľ졭Ŀȥһ޼ʣͷҲֳ֮С
˴ûǿޣһ޼ҵϢ֮ʱĵط磬Զһһ޼ʵĴ󺣣óʱϪĵ֮϶õ̶ܴȵš
޼ҵӶڵȴսϾ֮࣬⺣ϣȻҲͶ
ھ뺣ĺŲٵĽʯЩʯЩǱˮں֮µģȻЩȴͬһ㣬ֱֱĴ̳ˮ档
վں֮ǰ˴ͬһʯһ㡭ߵͲһĽʯ̳棬źˮһһĺȻײ
֮Ͽɲ˵ģ߲ǿߣҲЩʯһһ˾ߣݺݵײڽʯ֮ϡǿɵ֮ˡ
ˣͨԣ⺣֮ϵĽʯ֮ڣǲ˵ġ
ǣȴһӰһ߸͹Ľʯ֮ϣֳֳ˫Ŀ΢ţһһĲͣնеĳ
Ķȥ죬һһĿظһնĶզȥʵЩͷԡ
ϸĻȴܹ֡նٶȻ죬ն֮УȴһֵĽڡ·һն£ĳֵĹһ㣬ԲȻĸо
һϮȻѾǴ˲̵ʱˣǿԽĹؼλסѣԵò
Ƶ棬ǿԷ֣ưܵӰȻһòˡ
һͷںĳһԺݿȥԼʮӡȻü֮ȴδж͸һɳƽϢգʶ
ǵջɱ޶֮󣬱ʧټݣ
ȻʱڣХ֮ˣֻѾǶĻֱӱҲǲܡȻȻֻһưܵ壬δаܶļ󡭡
˫Ŀգüͷȴ΢ţ֮Уȴ͸ָ顭еĳһһģٵնš


101 ն
һһͣնš
Ǵǵ֮ϲѿȻնʵȴδκεע볤֮ڡֻһһĿظ
࡭һ㡭
ɫ֮͸¶һ˿רע
ͻȻֻϸ΢һ˺죬ӳ֮ȻСȴʱ͵˫бһâֹ۾Ķǳ֮
ֻ֮ϣȻһ΢С֮ĿһĴڣ˲䣬
ݵݣڿһ˿֮ȴӿһ˿ϲɫ
漴һٶȻ۾
΢һ֮󡭡ٶȿʼһһն
ʱ䣬Ȼš
̫Ծ뺣桭һʱ䣬ȹ
һʱ䣬δκζֻǲͣնšһһ飬һֻնҲֹ
ƽÿնٴεǧ֮ͻȻͣԼĶһ󵶼⣬Ȼ˫ۣƺʲôȻֽűĿٵն
նȻ㲻ʲôǣκһظ֮󡭡ĸɣҲǼΪֲġ
似УȻô׵ġ
̫ȫԾ뺣棬һƬ谵֮еʱҲͣ˶
һƨǽʯ֮ϣһ֮Լ˫ۡһ˫ֱۣƿҪϵһʹ
ֱȻʹݵü֮䣬ȴԵüΪĵӡڽʯ֮ϣ΢ϢƽԼϢ
ѾǵھŲڵߣܱͨ˶Ҫǿ˲١ʹ˽ƾԼնΣҲװ
˫۳ϣӣȴŤͷԼֱۡ˫ڿͷѪʬʱҲʯֱۣʱȴǲܿƵϸ΢š
ȻѵѾˡ廹ûȫϤָǿȵĸɡ
ݿһ֮һ̧ͷ漴Ŀ⣬ȴǳ½ʯµ˿˹ȥƬ֮һĨڴȴǽĸü֮ϡ
ϫϫ˾ˮԵĹкʡǣгϫˣʹãˮǿĹʽȴǱʵǿЦ
ݵһ˿Цҡҡͷ
ˮ̬Һ̬̬̬
Ȼʹóĳϫֻй̬ĺ̬ѡҺ̬Լ̬ȴ붼û
ǵ쳽һսͻеĻֻµڣҵ˼άᱻ̶ڡ̬̬һ֮ϣط˼ɣ˵һҪлʮ쳽򣿡
ݵ¶ָп֮ɫ
գ쳽׷ɱ漴˷˼ҵս
ս֮УȻѹ쳽ϵķ˽ǣȴȴ쳽ɱ
Ϊǰ˲ڣߣ乥Ҫȳϫ߸һ֣ټϵȼѹƣҪӲӲԼĶ֡
Լսǰһ⾳ײ쳽ŵһ֮£Ϊĵˣڣﻹü
ݺһսԼʤ󲿷ֵԭΪ⾳ײԼ쳽ԼС쳽㹻СԼԼûĻᡭ
ûˣôԼʹײʱ򣬶ԷͲһӦײȻǿ죬Ҳֻ˲ٽ޵жѣܳʱĳ
Լʱֻܳʹײ֮ĸɡֻҪ쳽ΣôԼ֮¿ˡ
սḻʮҲԲ쳽Ķ֡ʵݸҪȶԷһءײƣݾͲòʹɶ֮ʽˡʹʽ֮ݵĴ֪ʱǱˣȫٱյĻԤɱ쳽֮ԼҲϾҪѭѪζ޸Եһʬ޴桭
ãʤˡ
ǣȻʤˣʾоûҪǵĶ
ײϾ޵еģֽ׶ıֶΡȻʲôʱײ
ɶ֮ԴеĪԼܣȷǿԻɱٵǿߡǴ󣬵Ҳͬ޴󡭡ʹһ֮ȫҪһա򲻵ѣҪƴʱʹó
ôݾͲòǵûײûɶ֮ٶǿУԼʲôֶӦУ


102 ˮ̬֮
ƣͨ꽣
Щ似ǲǣҲֻǲѣ似ĺԶʥõڶ¥ϣûе߲㣬ҲǴۿۡͬȼǿߣ߻ƴһƴ˱ԼǿĵˡƾЩ似Ȼǲġ
Ȼݻӵ걾пӰȻпӰҪʵΪܣܷӳǿڣȱģʱ䡣ҵһʱ޶ȵսķ
ڣҵˡ
ݵĿⷺĹ󣬿²ͣĴŽʯ캣ˡ
ˮ̬֮иԵĳǿ
̬֮ˮö˵Ӱ٣޼ѰʵȴǱ鲼ء̬Ȼˮ׷ǿ̬ɹ˿ءһ壬ȱ
ȻҪʹ̬ԣڵҿġҹƵûӦҪ⾳ļӳֲŶԡ硭ʹɶ֮ʱ嶼ģʱһַҪ뵽Χˮȥ֮СǣҲǡˮ̬֮֮һġ̬֮ż˰ɣ
ڵ⾳ĥһ˿żǲף˵ʲôãʵЩǿˡԣˮ̬֮Ҳۡ
˸
̬׽̬֮⣬ʣµ̬ȴǿԿõõ
̬֮ˮΪԺˣԼ塣Ȼơ̬һ׽ȴӲе֮ǵҲ˼ڽ롮ˮ̬֮֮ǰǿķ̬֮
˵⡮̬֮ĹҲͣȻҲҪǿΪܡʵǿߣǹǷǲΪ̡
̾һȴҡҡͷˮ̬֮ǧ̸˭ǿһ˵ֻˮ̬֮ϵߵʱĥġ̬ϱǱ̬ƣնѡʶˡ̬֮ˮˮ׷֮һ˵ʵĻ̬ˮʲôǿ֮˵
̬֮ˮ롮̬֮ˮʣµģǡҺ̬֮ˮҲǳ̬֮ˮˡ
̬֮ˮڵ»֮µˮ̬֮ˮڸ»µˮˮĳ̬⡮Һ̬֮ˮ
Ȼƽ֮ˮ󶼲ƽƽȥûаֵΣԡʶ߽ˮԵĹ֮󣬴ѡӵһԣұȡ̬֮ˮյġ̬֮ˮԡԣͨԣˮԹ֮УŨı֮Ҵ󲿷˶ΪˮԹɫǺ䡣
ǣʱһ˿Ц
ȴ֪ʵ;䡯ʹȻˮԹǿĹʽ
ˮԹǿĹǳ̬֮ˮҺ̬֮ˮ
󺣣죬죬˭˵裿һһĺˮӿϮһӿ£ٴӿ֮ʱȴǽһӿҲǵ˵ڶεӿ֮Уһһδ䣬ȴȻͬ
⣬ˮ߸еĹʽ纣һ㣬ϲ಻ϣһǿһһʤһˣ£кɵֵһһΣԽԽǿľ˹
뵽˷֮оâ
ǵģ֮Ϊ𡣽ԹĹԵĹҪǿʣǣú㹻ƣǽҲҪۣ
˭˵ˮԹԣ⡮̬֮ˮٶ쳽а֮ڣӲӲ֮£նڵ£
ڡ
㹻ʱƣҸԾŲڵʵֻʮ۷֮


ݽšȭͷ֮󣬷ѹؿڷڵļ顭
⣬ݵ򡪡ˮ̬֮
ЦݴԽˮ̬֪֮ǱĴ󲿷˶Ҫĸࡣȴһֱ쳽ս֮󣬷뵽һ㡭
뵽ݵǣһ˿Գ֮ɫҡҡͷ
Ƭ֮³һµ캣ˣ΢üͷ
ȻȻһЩ򣬵Ҫ뵽֮ȥȴǧѡ
΢ü֮䣬¶һ˿˼
ˮ̬֮ĹصģҲٶȡǽ࣡
֮䣬һУԶԼĽࡣ󺣱ڣˡһһϯУҲԼĽġ


103 ֮ϲ
ǿˣǵȲﲻõЧ˵ڶεӿܵӿصĵһĸţܱ
Ȼˣ֮ɢҲһιѣҲﲻǿĿġ
⣬ǽࡣңĽ㼫Ϊ̴٣ֻһݵ˲䣬ݼšò֮壬ǧݣҲǺΪ
ڴ˴۳䣬˾棬ʱˡǽȴǲÿնٵܰյһǽ㡭ɼѶȡ
ǣȴȡðɡΨһһεնԼסֽ࡭
ļסֽ࣬Գϫϡ⣬ɡ
뵽˴һе˼ɫʧȡ֮ģȴļᶨ
ûʲôֻҪҼȥһգȻԳɹģ
˽ȭͷ֮³һĿ⣬ɨһۡ
һδʳȴЩˡȥѰЩȻټУʱ䡭ǲ˰
ţݽһԵĳĿɨһ֮󣬱һֱֱԾʮ׵ĸ߶ȣһ֮ǰǸʯһصĽʯԾȥ֮ʧΡ

ʱ䣬ݵ֮УȻš
ÿһձ⺣֮ϵĽʯһһĻնеĳģȴȫȫ
ʼռţõʣֻеĵ·ϱƽ̹һЩѡҪ̤߷壬ģʣ
ͬɽʸߵˣͬһֱͨ۷ӵĵɽߡͨˣ򾡽ͽ֡
ӵֱͨĵɽ㹻Ŭô˵ֻҪɽ廬֣֮ȻҪЩͽʵ߸ĵִ
ǣΪӣ㲻ԸŬ֪ǸεĽʵҲԲԶĽɽֱֱ۷ȥ⣬ͬСٺãŬһУǰ״
Ҫõʲôͱøʲô⣬
ݵĸҲõһĻر
һʼҪͣĻӵٴεǧΣܰյôһ˲ġࡱСȻͨЩһһεģϵĻӵѾܹڰٴ֮ڣͰסֽһΣ
һ㣬ӿӵĶ֮ϣҲܿһЩ
ٶһ٣նҲӹնĶδжı仯Ȼ仯ģǸо
ǵģǸо
ǰݻӵȻҲмԲȻ֮У֮Уٴһֵɬ֮Сֻҵоʱ򣬷ôһ˿ȻĸоȻڣݵÿһնһȻĸо̧֣ѹնһǳɣȻȻԶԶûдﵽˮĵزϼǰȴ˲ֹһΣ
ÿһնһָ򡭡ȻССÿõһָҵʵ͸ǿһԭնͬٶĲܱͬҲǽȻͬ
ݵһ־ϲͨʱ䲻ͣնķһ¡
ԭƼ򵥵һն֮Уȴ̺붼޷İ
ٶȣĵƽ⡭ͬķ䣬õĽҲǽȻͬ
֪ˡȻѾѧ˵һпӰҪǺǿ߶ˣԷʵȫ൱ܵģҲһԼ
Ϊֻǡѧᡱ˶ѣԶԶûдﵽڻͨĳ̶ȣ
ڻֻͨ˵˵¡ʵʵս
򵥵ıͬСһ󡣵һһʱѧ·һȴʱѧ·ͬʱ˭ߵĸ졭𰸣ȻǲԶ˰ɣ
Ȼͬ䣬ĳ̶ȶ󡣵һѧ·ǸСҪĶ࣬ҲȽĶࡣ
⣬Ǿ飬ǡڻͨá
Ȼ˵ս֮·ҪӵĶ࡭ǻĵȴǴͬ
ݸ򡰳̬֮ˮĽ֮ʱȴĵõջ񡭡Ȼ֮ϲˡ
ʵϣͨʱ֪֮ĵڲ֪֮УѾ뵽һˡ
ݺһֱȥֱһʵȫԣߵĸǰֱ֮桭ʵȴ޷⡭
峿ǿ齸ʯնǧεĳ֮󣬻ˡĿԶԶĿϪķ֮һ
ںϣЩ̸ձǻֵ֮˱ҪˡӣҲûȥһˡ
΢üͷ


104 һ
޶֮Ѿ֪˰ɣҲѷ޶ǱɱġҷӪ֮˱Ȼỳ쳽޶ˣпϡ
΢۾
쳽鷳˶Ȼ֪ġʱȥˣ쳽δصӪءݻȥˣ˭ỳɵ쳽֮ݵĽ
뵽޶˵¡ˣȻҲˡ
ˣó֤ò֤ݡˣͲܻҳ֡
а˲ϵİաô˵Լϻ۵ĵڵԼҲǰǸϲ񡱡Ŀ֮£˸ûнԼ֡
뵽ݵüͷȴ΢һ壬¶˼˼
һʼ뿪һСΪмΡͲ֪«ʲôҩˡѵ翴ҵʵڻԸҷգֻǡԵɣ
ݳ˼һ֮ȴҡҡͷ૵ˣǳʲôʱҲˡ
룬ȷʲôûпǵڵ֮ݵͷһеĳ΢Щп˷һѺõ
漴ݻǽֱ˳ȥʱǳĺ֮УСС˻ʱǱûݣҲٳɣתζʱڿԾ𣬼֮ʧãã֮С

޼ӪأȴǼΪ֡
ټӪ֮ڣȺ޼ҵӣԶǼеӪĴһƬյ֮ϡɫȻСΪλճһȦ໥̸š
̸֮䣬˵Ŀȴʱĳ˾֮һۣ·ڵȴʲô
СĳԱҲڴˡ
һС鱾ʮˣݵʧ٣õõСֻʣ˾Ÿˡ꣬ޱƣеˣԻڴˡ
붼֮Ҳ˲ʱˣҲϾҪʼ˰ɣ
ҿһ֮¶һЦ˵
Ӧǲˡ˵ͷ漴ȴε̾һ˵С߽ڵΣڵΡֲ40ֶѡֻ²̫߰
һ㶣Ȼ˵ͷЩĽĵ˳СȻǽӵһ˽׳ڵ񣬻Ǹˡ񣬱50֡ĵһ¾˰ɣ
ҪʵͬҲҪ
ʵǿԽӰ˽ϵĸ߻񡭡ֻҪһΣĳɼѾңңСˡ
ǣʵǿҲûáΪϾ˽ϵĸ߻Ƿǳټġ
ǡýһ߽۷뿪ˣϾ´һ˽׳ڵȴСʵ൱СȥɡϣǱ˦˺ܴһء
Ȼ˻˵Ȼ˽ôߣһֱĶȴȻӸ߻񣬲ͺˣֺһ˵
ʵȴôס
´ǲڵģ˭֪˽ϵʲôʱ´еʱ򣬽ü£ҲӲһңĿɲֻһˡһĺܱǡڳԷʲôʱ䣬СĳԱ˸´İ˽ҪϾַܲһֱڽ֮Űɣӵ˼ҵĻֱ׼Ѿңңһˡǿɵǵòʧ
ؼǡϪҪģĥԼսɣḻԼս顭ȻḻһľͶǽȥˣδЩĩ֮ӡ
ˣܽӵ˽ȻǺ¡ûӵҲжȥȴĩõ飬Ǵ˸øɵ¡
˵˳ʮСһοʧذ
һԵᵽ˳˵ͷ֮üͷЩص˵
μңȷЩ̫ЩԣɫҲ΢˵ͷ
˳ϵ㲻˳֮μ֮˷ȻҲЩŭ⡣
ߣ޼Ѿֺ˸Եμ֮˲Э飬Խɱ޼ҵӣʵڿɶҿ˴λص֮УгȻҪȥμһ˵ˡ
̸£Ҳһߣ漴˵
Ȼȴ΢ü漴̾һҡҡͷûô򵥡Ǵһӣ޼Զʮǰһս֮УԪҲǴˡڣʵǴưҿǵ޼Ҵ˴βʲô˵áμҵˣҪʦﰡ
ԣ۾ʱһɣ˼ؽеʦӵʦӵμ֮ԽϮ޼ҵӣĪǻˣ


105 
ҡҡͷˡȻɱǵӣǵˣȴǱһȫɱˡ
Σв껰˵꣬һֵҲԽɱ޼֮˵ģѲɣ޼ҵӱɱǻáˣȴҪ޼ˣӵ
һԴôһԵȴȥˣһ۵Ҫ֪޼ơ˼ҾΣ޼ΣѲƴ޼ҲҪˣԷͬھ
Եɴ۾˵ϻãŷ߷ߵűϢҲֻ֪֪˲ңҲˣңұطˣμҲռߣ֪ҲҪһ
дԣʱɴһ˫֮һתͷ˵ԴȻԴȥƴɣ
ΣȴȻʧЦ漴ȴҡͷ
ֱڿ죬һֱӡֱֻ̫Ը̫Ӳѡ
ָӲڵϣȻһɲǣֵ塭ǣǳҵӵϣȴһˡ
֮ײϣһζǿƣ³ȻǼΪġ
޼ң괫нǧꡭǧʱķУ֪жٴѡЭѡ
Ǽ߲ܣʵǡƱǿ֮ʱ۲ѡǿǡȻͷѪҰѡ
Ȼô˵굹Ҳ£˵Ҳֻһ֮ìܶѣ˼޹ʹ֮ˡԶԶﲻıĵز
ʮǰĻ£Ȼõ޼ԪˡңҲδȫˡ춼ļ壬ҲǻĿ塣㶦ƽϵ˭ûо԰֮ǰҲǲóȻĴƵġ
μҲֻԴΪڣǿѹ޼һΣ޼ҵͷѡ
뵽һ֮͸˼Ρ˶ĽӵܱӵдɽޣʳǣеԴм幩ֻھ֮˲֪ܶʱΪӵܣԶԶȲЩĸΪѰ
˵˵Ǹˣ޼֮𣿡
һֱһŵȴ̲ס˵˳֮У͸¶ֺ֮ɫ
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ڶԡԷԸ˳˿ݡ
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106 
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һӢ۵ʱӢ۹һ㹳ˣҶĸоȻҲб˵ġ
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˵ĴȻҲ֪ԵŰɥ֮ķӦ֮ϣȴȫȻûаֹĵ֮ɫѾ뵽ȫ֮ߣҲֻǽǷݵУδֳ
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뵽Ҳڶ룬̧ͷ

ǧ޼ңǧꡭһ뵽޼֮еҫ
֮ϣ渵֮ԣԻصϡ̸֮е޼ȱ·Ǵ޾ʷ֮У׷ζ޼ҵĺһһѪսһһ֮ءĶ޼ҵһſѪġ
ʱأе޼ҵӼ޼ǧҫҫΪŦ޼ҵӵģһ𡭡
ҪУģֻܽǼ֣ǿߡҪģģֻе޼ҵӵģһʱ޼ҲߵĸԶ
˵ĿɨһгݣУȴһ˿ã
޼ңһǧΰ塭ֻж೤·ߣڻĹؼʱ̣˭վ쵼޼ңȥ
˵һ˿ãԽԽŨ

ĳ羴֮ı㽲˰Сʱ֮ˣŽ⡣
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108 
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ǰʲôƷ׵ĵ鶯֮ģ붼ˡǾܻмϣɡ
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һõıУս֮УǷǳҪġ
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յȷв£ˡĳҲˡգء춼ֵҪһžˡ
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һһҲֺǺǵЦ˵漴ŤͷĮЦŽˣǱ뿪ɣ
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109 ˵Ĳ²
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˵ɫȴԵЩ粻Ļһ΢ֵ޼ӵܡߣĳͲٶˡ
ʱ˸Ĺâת˲ţЦſڵء˵꣬ȴŤͷΪĿһǱ֮ˡ˼Ĺ漴Ťͷ˹Цˣĳǡ
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ȻҲֻǺѡϪΣأżмʵ顣ֻΪ꣬ȻڡĵղŻһˣһһˡͲɵ˲һЩˡ
֪ͨԣٽʱ򣬼ǺһЩΣ֮ˣϾ֮󣬿ɾǸԷظԼ塭ûԸڻؼ֮һ˵İɣ
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110 Сݣ
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˿ޱӭͣ˽ŲǰΪݶɫŮȴ·Ǵĳطһ㣬ɫһף֮󣬲ΡȻһ̾µĿɨݵϣȻ͸׷䡭
壬СĳԱأ׼Ҵȥơ
ˣҲڴʱ˵ǰޱƲͣݵݣ·ȷݵʵһģ˶̾һ꣬̾һ֮󣬹˵
ȥɡ̧ͷһ֮ĵ˵ͷ
æݵߣҽݵļԴԼļϣ
ƣСƲᣬʲôСѹ˵
ȴޱƵԣ˵
ޱһҲæعҵĨһᣬͷ֮ҲǴţš㣬һһҪȻСݣҵܵܰһһҪȻˮ涵ģϧ
İɣµġ϶ĵ˵ͷοޱƵԴ
ޱֱ飬ͷȴ΢һ˿Ľ
ޱƶݣݶޱơǴĽ֮顣Ȼܣݸ飬ȴʤܡȾ󲿷ֵ֮ĸ飬ҪΪ񡭡
һŴϣΪޱƿԲðȡϪϣޱҲΪݰ겻һЦա
뵽УԼͬĸĵ֮ܵĹϵǣ̲סһ˿ɬЦݡ
ڶ޼ҵӵע֮УС꣬УޱˣǼݣӪȥ
ˣҲдŹ֮ɫںעš
ҪСܲܲκһ˶ȥݰɣԣǹȻͷҲΪģȴò
ˣĿݵԶ֮ȴ̾һ漴һָ˵Įȣߵ޼ҵӵĸǰΪŶŮӣȻվԭء
棬ұ㹫СԼ
˵Ӫ֮УĻص

Σ
޼ӪأϽһ֮ڡ꣬ޱƣУԶ
֮ⷿͨ޼ҵӵķҪ΢һЩһЩƿƿ޹ޣмִ̱ǵĲҩЩƿƿ޹֮͸
ڷһ֮ǰһ˻ֱӡǰĴ֮ϣѾԹȥ˵ݣǶ
һϮɫۣݣмƺɫ룬ȥһ֮
ʻ¶һЦŤͷ弸Цİɡֻ̫ۣʧѪĶ࣬˻ԡǲҲơֻ账һ˿ڣһЩ̲֮Ҳдˡ
˵ĻشˣǳһϵĽ֮ɫҲ΢
˵ͷˣˡ
޷վЦһرһ¡˿Ķ࣬ҵΪһЩҩ
áǱͺ⣬ʲôԸкһˡ
˵ͷ֣Ȼ󣬱תߵ˷֮⡭
˴޼Ӫصר֮Ǵ˼ҽʦǶ֮ˡޱ֮ʱڴ˴ġ
˵ϵʱƱǹһδ˴񼴽뵺ȥСȴҲ˴˴һԽܣм
ԵЩƣԼĹͷͻȻٺٹЦ
˶һ㶣ǰһ۵˵һ֮˴˶ˣѲɶ֮
һ㵣漴εͷЦٺ٣ⲻǿ̫ӲҪͻ
˶ʱȻʧЦ
һա֮ǰֳƵķΧҲȷǱˡޱȻŵǵɫͷһ֮⣬ˣǷ
ޱƵģοƣȻ˵СûΣգȻͲµġҿġ
ޱ΢˵ͷһ֮֮ϵĵ֮ɫҲˣдŸмллǡ
ƣ⻰ȴǼˡһЦĵܵܣֺγǵֵܣĪֻ׼һΪĵǲɣ
ޱһ㶣漴֮϶ʱ¶˸мЦݣ˵ͷվ˵
˵Сʱ䣬ȥʲôطʧٽ֮ãȴΪλһǱĻʵɻ󡣡
һֱ󣬴ʱ̲ס¶ɫ˳


111 ֽ
༸ͷһ𣬱֮ϣֳͬ˼ɻ󡭡
Ƭ֮귽ü˵ôСܻǺ¡СѹʹҲˡҲ²⣬Ҳǵòʲôġ
ԣͬĵ˵ͷ£Ҳٶ²⣬ĵȴ

ʱȻţҲڽ
޼ڲõһģû⣬˳ĵʮС飡
Ͼһ˽׳ڵ񡣶񣬱50ֻ֡ټ֮ǰɵ˿С߽񡭡õһҲ֮еġ
СõĽҲС֮ˣΪ֮ۺ죡
ƼƷǵһöϸɡ
˵⽱֮еĻƼƷġǵԼö㹻ĶˡǰıСҲѵ֮Ȼ̶ȻȲƷ׵ıУȴҲѵõĺñС
ڶģȴǵʮС顭ҲԪ䵽С顣СĶӳһ޼ҷּҵĵӣʵҲΪף߲ڡǵõڶʵҲȡɵ档Ϊ󲿷ֵĶϵͷһӪصĸĥԵ似Ͼһ룬ĥ似ٶȣȻҪ࣬ҲΣࡣ
ϪϾԡĥΪҪĿģɱޡԺܶӳѡԱȽϰȫķĥ
ȻʮС飬ȴѡΪϵͶ֮Сȱ˶һµµʱȡĳɼҲȻ
õսҲǵõһƼƷġǵö
ڵĵСˡ
ʵʵʵС޼ҵ֮в̫ڡһСǿ֮⣬вٵĶ飬۸ҪǸǿһЩ
ǣСһ꣡
ս֣սǱУӪ֮ŵεģУսָ޼Ӫأӵܵĵ䷶
ڣСɵһһεľɱʵϣһɱҹèޡΪȷضµС鹦ܴ֮⡭񣬵С鶼ɵļΪɡ
ǱмڣɵĲ̽޳ѨڲΣԴԵ𡭡ƣԶ
յСõĽֻһöԼıУԼһЩϸ
˵֮ȴֻǽһЩϸ֮û硰ƼСˡ
ϾЩڻڵ߲㣬ǵ˵˷ǿϧ֮Сǻڰ˲㣬ھŲҪЩϣΪǵѡ
鶯ʮ۷ǿ߷֮󣬺пܱͻͻƳΪһǿߣǱлڵ㣬߲ĺϸΪ㣿
ϾһǿԽ࣬λҲԽߣܻõȻҲԽ󡭡
νøڵϡһγһѭ֤޼ҵĴС
ԴˣϪʽ
֮峿˼ϵλؼ塭ʱ򡣡
֮󣬵Ȼ˵ⷬ漴ת뿪˿յءŶżǻװŴ뽱𣬸󡭡

Ϧ£ϪϿձĺϼȾʵĺɫԵΪɽȴȻһ޵ͣӶ
ллλֵܽ
С飬ľס֮йЦǴд˳
ıԵΪ˷ܣֵİбŵһŵҩЦĹͷ·𶼲࡭
һЦҡҡͷöǲףСǵ֮ǰͻƵ߲㡭ôʰ㡣
СһֻõһöǸˡ
ٺ٣İɣһﵽģٴлλֵܽ
кٺЦšСĳԱǣ΢΢Ц˳
С֮еǲͣ˶ϵΪֻΪ޶ٻӣֱֱȥȴǺ׻ñ˵ĺøС
⡰ȻôҪȻ󣬶ҲĴһЩ뷨ǺԥıǸˡɼСԱ֮Ĺϵ
Ҫ֪С֮У⣬ǻٵĻֲٵ鷳Сƽ͵Ļ½ȷ⣬ǼΪܿɹˡ
ЩУұηɡ
ЦҡҡͷȻϵļԼһЩϸڵ˵
ЩйȻˣ֮⣬ǵڶϪҲŸԵĳֱЩУԵС鵹Ҳûжô
ڽϸⶫǿƽֵģȻûʲôԼƽϵˡ
СһɣϻƸĳѾ۶ô
˵
õģǾ͸һģҿŷְɡ
˵ͷ£Ҳͷ
Щʲô֮ҪȻҲʱѾȫˡ
ͷСˣ
֮֮ǰ˿յ֮ϵˣȴǿڳѯ˳
ѾС˿ڣҩˡҲõģûʲôµġЦŻص
Сʱ䣬ȥʲôطΪλǱüͷʵ
ȴҪСѹˡҲǺҡҡͷ漴վЦˣɫѾ磬ʱˡҲҪ룬СѹԻһġȥòͰɡ
һ˵ҲٶʡվΣһ˱ǺƺƵĳʳȥˡ

޼ӪڣϽһ֮ڡ
ݣƽڷڱԵĴ֮ϡѾưܵĲӵĻɫѾһոµİɫϵ˿ڣҲԶ˴ݰľڴϣƽȡ
ڴ齱ԵޱƣȴĿšԡеݣȴǲͣıš
֮ޱƷҧҧ촽ϲõˮҲ̲ס˳
ллӡ
ૼ䣬ޱ˵˵ݱˣ֮󣬴˵ĻӨ飬રવĵ˴֮ϡ
ϸ˵ĽܡȻС۸һԳ䵱ػĽɫָǴС֮ܣҲǺѷɫ
ȻȻָ鼫Ϊ񣬵ˣޱҲȻΪΪڳʱһֱ޷߳ԵɡҪ˵Ϫ;УǾŽϮݷܲðӪ˵ˡ
ŶʱͬЦһĿѧһ䡰ɵ㣬ҽ㣬Ҳ㣬˭㡱һ֮󡭡ݸ飬ĵõ


112 ƵԵ
ҲǴһޱƴĵݵԼܵܡ
ʶΪ֮󣬲Żôʱһֱһ֮С
Ϊʧٵĵգݳһ·ϱжȥȻڵʱȴûл
һЩͷԵģ𡭡ںܶʱԼĴ󣬵ΪΪһЩʲôԵʣܻὫǱġ󡱹̵ԼϣӶǴ𡭡֡𡱵ʱ䣬򣬿һ˲򡭡һ
ޱȻ˵ģΪʱ֮󡭡⡰ĵˣȴֻĳǰ
ʲô˵ģ˵һллӡʲôܱԼڵϲ뻶䣿
ޱƵͷݰ˯ݣ֮󣬲һԼ۽ǣվΣת뿪˷ᡭ
ޱ뿪֮һֱƽڴϣݰݣȴ˫

һȻ̾ݵĿлƮĿ⿴ſڣǣȴһ˿εĿЦû뵽Լʧ٣ȴõñƽѹ
ĿƬ֮ӡ
˻ƣȻǳġ
һʱǣϵƣȴ죬ֹһ
ݽ»΢¶˿ڡ
ȻǿƣݵȻԼܶˡЩƿѪģʵϾԶƤ˶ѣδ˼ǡ
ݿɲǰ׳գҪ˼˽ǣһδȡŵˣɱĴ󷢣ǵҪԼصĻԼû˰ֻתأܲɱ˰ɣ
ЩƤˣѾĵĴͿĨһ͸ճҩ࣬ẕִ̇ǵζ˿֮ȴǼΪ
ҩǲֹһŷĵĽãɻص˴ϡ
ƽ֮ݵȴ΢ˡ
ԼεĿƣǵڶʱȡ˵Σƺջ񰡡
΢۾Լԡ֮˵
޺ˣȴšֻԶʱҪʱǡ
ŵ۾˸˼Ĺâ
ԵĻɣΪλɣʲôһ㡭ǡǡʲôأ
˵ҪҪѧץؼʡȻݾͷǳĻץؼʡ仰ֻһѣȴǱһУ֮ϡ
仰޵ķʸ뵽ص뿪һСϡֻ˵ı󣬻Щܰ
֮͸˼Ĭ
ơƻݴ㷵޼Ӫصʱ򣬱Ѿˡԭܴһ̶ϣȡ˵Ρ˵ļٶԷֵĿԡ
쳽׷ɱݣָɣο֪ܲ飿ˣ˵УֻѾ쳽ǲΪɱݣǡþĻɵĶ
ɱϾҲֻǻɡû㹻֤쳽ݵϡΪ쳽ʧ٣ŵҲһͬʧٵġ˵Ѿˡ
һǲ֡һĵ飿Ϊݾǲ֣Ѿ޹ؽҪ
ˣȻݣʱƣ뷨ȻὥĵȥֻΪݱ˶δʲôã
Ȼ޶֮ϢʱԭѾȥĻɣֻ¶ʱΪ޶˵̫ˡ޶쳽Ķӣ޺ԵĶӣһСĳԱ쳽׷ɱݵĵգж˶ˡ
ݾĻĺ֣ôеһжһܺõĽ͡
޶쳽ĶӡɱնݳԼ󻼡
޺ԵĶӡȻԷɱ쳽ôȻҲ²쳽ıԵӰӡɱǱԡ
СԱԶ˵յĲжɱǡһɱڡڶǱ
Ķ
ĻţôзָݡΪֻžɱ˵Ķʵ
Ȼǰɱ쳽
ЩܷݣͬҲܡݺԼһֱҲͰˡ֣˵ĸǰָԼı˵־ҡ
ǣȴвòֵԭ򡭡޼ҡ
ݱҪص޼ҡֻΪ̻
ˡû֮һڵޱƣ֮΢һ¡֮һѡݻԥѡǰߡ
ݿûԼ޼ң̽ܵʲôĴ
Ĳ˵ԺķӣȻûʸסȥˡСڵ֪ݡϢ֮һǻŭ޴ӷй֮£Ѱҵٰ̰ĥҲǿġ
һΪԼĶӱϮ˲зϣֽȫɵ˴ֻΪйߵˡǣ֮ƺҲ֮еġ
ԷľٶݶѾȥ󡣽ֻһݾ֪Ҫȥ
ҪȥĻҪԵģ˵Ļɡ
һݳ˵ĸǰʱ򣬵˵ԺеĲ²ⶼָʱ򡭡ݲҿ϶ŭµˣ᲻ʲô֮
ʱ򣬡ơͳΪʱס˵ѷ
һġ֡һһϢԲѵġ֡ĸ˵ĳһЩ
Ҫģһ˲ĳ
ʵϣ⡰ơһʾԼ֡
Ȼʾԡ΢һˣпܲ²ĵ˵Ĵβ²ⲻ
ûϵ̵Ȼǡơǡ֤ݡ
û㹻֤֤ݾɱ˵֡һǰ֮£ʾʱͻᱻƵ󡣽Ӱ˵жϡ
ֻҪһ㣬֪㹻ˡ
ڿʾǵɹˡңƺЩһˡ
ݾ˼Ƭ֮ǣͻȻȴһ˿Ц⡣
Ҳûϵʱǰȫˡ
뵽һҲٶˡŤͷ˿֮ݴһ˿Цݡ
ܳʱûкúõ˯һˡΣǿԳûϢϢˡ
뵽Լ˫պϣʱĺƽΣ˯ˡ

ʱ䣬Ȼ֮УŶ
峿ݡѡʱ򣬵СĳԱѾ֮ڡ
ޱƿݡɫ֮ʱһνס桭
֮ϵı֣΢ĸͷȴĸжšܸԷһſοЦݵ֮⣬ȴҲܶ˵ʲô֮飬ݣˡ


113 ׼
СԱҲͬݴһ˿ů
ȻԼԼ֪Լҵ£ȴǲ֪ԼˡԣŵСԱ֮ϺαĹػɫУȴȻЩǸ⡣
ȻǸǸ⡣ݵûͻȻеһж˵ʱ˵ŵĸָĻԣȷһЩȥıԵɵġ
СԱʧʱ䣬ȴǼΪ档⣬Ҳݵ֮еġ
Ѿ˽ڣ˵£Լʧ١ꡱ֮õԵɣ˳
Ȼ˵ʲôԼΪ˶ܡ񡱵׷٣ȴʧ˷򡣶Ľʱ䣬һֱɽ֮εȴΪԼʵ̫ͣ޺Ƚ϶ĵطֲǰͣͣһ·˲ٵֱ֮ǰЩʱգҵ·Ӫء
ڣզȥáݱ˵ˡ
ϪڵɽͲڼ࣬ûеͼĻȷǺʧ򡣶˵׼ȻɽԽֱߣǸһɱΪɲͨɽͣϪһڵߣϪϺֱײ
ˣݵ˵Ҳ˵Ĺȥ
˵רڡҹèޡĳѨѰôʱ䣬ΪζûѰҵ⡭ֻ޹ҡҡͷ˵֪֡
ò˵ʵһֶܸΡѾ˼ѰҸַ߼ҪøĻԲĻԡ͸ɴһһֻ֪ҪҧԼ·ˣʲô֪ˡ
ݵȻ֪ƢԣȻɻ󣬲²⡭Ҳšֻ²һͷ²ȥԼ
ֻΪ˿ûƭǵıҪ
ʵҲһ
Ȼ¶ɻ㵵飬ʼȷǲ̫ݵĻı飬·ǼΪ˼һ㡭
Ȼ˼ڤ˼һʱ֮ȴ¶˼εĿЦϼȥˡ϶һ꿴ݣûƭɡ
СĳԱҲݡˡĴϪ·ʵ

ʱ䣬ֹա
ҹһ꣬ϴϪϿյýգ¶ʵա
ʱϱҪˣɲҪٵˡ
ˡ
̫ż뼯ʱ仹ء
һ磬޼ӪڱһƬæµľֻе޼ҵӶԼСӸԵ֮гӪĵĳ֮ϻ㼯š̫ŸոȴѾвٵ˼ڴˡ
ԭ죬˷޼֮ա
ڶ޼ӵ֮ܵ϶Ǹżϲɫڴ໥Ц̸š
һѪĥ֮󣬷ؼ־԰ȫʵĻκһ޼ҵ˵ֵڴһ¡Ҳѹ鶼ǲ
Ҫȥ˰һĿЦȴǴ峿޼ҵӶǺŤͷ
ԶСĳԱ˹ڵģǴͷС
е鿴ȥѿٺٵЦֿԺúõܣ̹̹ˡ˵ţּɧһ΢գ¶·ĹͷҲһʵĹâѾŵǹкζˡ
ɤԼŵʱһЩ⸱ˣ̲סЦ˳
һԵĵСԱһַס˶ͷԶǿЦõĿеı飬գֻεŤͷȥֻûпͷб
ݣҲǽסЦ˳εҡͷ
ڵ״̬ȥǰҪǿ࣬ɫͦΣҲǼΪȥָĲ
һ׻ɫĳȻѾ˹šŵģȴһҲ࣬װɫϣҲΪϡ
İ޳κеļΪͦΣһͷںڳһɫԺᵴȴΪƽ˼ѱ֮⡣һ֮£׺żɫ˿ߣ㾦֮һ㣬õ˵ȻһΡ˿ãǰһ
һ꣡
עԼװ磬ͻȻ⸱ʾˣȴΪޡһѡ㣬Χ޼ŮԵӿ֮ʱϣܿĳ
ݵߣޱơ
ޱƵҲ˿ݡһϮذ׳ȹӱİΡ٣ɢԺļӨѩһذ׳ȹĺ֮£ȻԵþӨ͸Բˡü裬촽㣬޶ˡǴһ˿Цݣ紺شһ㣬һ֮ɫȻ١
һչ¶ЦյˣͻȻ¶º͵ЦݣĳʵС
ͷܲôô
ҧгݵޱƶ΢һ㶣漴Ц˳
һԩһ㣬ʲôҪһһ¡ƽ˵ĳ֣ʱĵҲǿ졭

ʱźܿ죬޼ҵ㼯յ֮ϡСΪλԴճһţ
û˵ȴ̫ãʱ˾򣬱һȺˡ
ˣ޼ҵӶʱ˳
ŤͷֻˣһȺӾ֮˳ԭֵĿյؽȥ޼ڵҲԾվ˶Ρ
һҺɫۣȳȣֺʡȥǰδʲôͬ
ǣΨݴӶԷʱ΢üͷ֮ϣ˶ԷͷǱǰ
ɫֻǾĿŶԷӾڣߵ˿յ֮ϡ
վΣĮʵɨ޼ҵӣųԱߵһ΢˵ͷ
ǻ漴粽
Сӳǰϣ
ʱ޼еСӳԶ˳ȥ˵ĸǰۼһ𡭡
޼ҵӣȴǵȴ
δ˶ȣСӳǣǸԷԼС֮С

ٶȿں˱ǵȣӪ֮ȥ
صСԱȴĵطʱ˲ŷ΢üͷƺ˼ӡ
ͷôˣЩѯʡ
΢΢漴ڵЩ̫Ծ
ţСԱһ㵣ɻĿꡣ
һСûһ˻̫Ծˡ޶ҺƢԾ֮ѡϲܳΡΪģı֡ȻŲʣʶûжһ·Ѿ֪һСûлһ㡭
üͷҡͷ˵
ûл΢һ㶣漴ȴǹЦ˵׼һСҪڡϪҲһҪڡϪѾүүѾ֪ˡҲ̫˰ɣ
ܡҡҡͷҲ޺ˣȻ˵ڡϪУԵĶӣ޶ҲΥԼԸǿнµġףǳʲô£꣬üͷٶĿ˼


114 Σյľ
һԵķ΢üͷһ˿ʶ֮ͬУɾ͡
ʣܵ˼άƢԡҪǣΪǫѷľؽ󡭡ССͣٲȻһĴ֮硭ɳǳ֮
ķ΢˴Ȼȴǻ˻ֵѽôһСҲûϵ߰߰ɣϴˡСڼŴ
üͷȻţȻƬ֮Ҳòҡҡͷܵõ̫٣ҲȻҲ֪ģǾӦòʲôɣ
šһһѹͷ˵ͷ֮ǻڵŴ߰ɡ
˱ǸȺ֮󣬳Ӫ֮ȥ

ȻԴζĺ紵
գһ޼ʵĺ֮ϣһֱӡ⴬Ȼ㲻СȻһ޼ʵĴϣȥȴֻͬСһС
Ŵͷɧſ˫ۣվڴͷ֮ϣ̧ͷա
Ҳһ겻˰Ϫڵʵ̫ѹˡ
ŤͷһѾԶԶϪЦ
޼ĵǣѾ̤ʱĴֻ뿪ϪС飬ȻŴϡ
һƬͬһƬû˿覴õɫСƯ֮䣬żлСķӹƲ֮䣬ȴһɡߵΡ֮ԱϪϵĽѪȣȻҪǼΪˡ
жʮʱԺúõһˡν⣬˰ɣмɧ
ô׷󣿡˸ۣĵʵŷ
ȻѾϰ϶ŮˣѾѧѡԵĻģġʶȻصһһԵ˰죬ԷӦֻƲƲ죬һ
ȷкܳʱûпˡϪҲȷѹ֡
굹ѵõͬĵ˵ͷ̧ͷգҲЩпƢԶ˵ĻɼϪһѹˡеˣ˽ġ
ɿɣͷ˵ģղŲУ˵֮ⷬȴһˡ˲ͦ𣬹ЦУŤͷüŪۣǷ
㣡ߣĿһɣ漴һƲͷȥ
һԵĵСԱô״һЦ˳
˶ǿĳ޶໥֮以кøУƫȴǲ֪
˶֪ϵÿԼƲųɡǶ˵һЩʲôֻ֮΢ĬʱҪƻˡ
Цһԩңεҡҡͷų˵ʮḷ́Ҿͺúõܰɡһĥˡ
˶¶Цҡҡͷ⺣溽ڼ䣬ȷΪġһɱ¾õ϶һ˵ɱϢ͸ǡÿԳʱúõ
ͷĺУǻעһ¡Ͼǡ⺣򡯣Ҳ̫ˡ
Цһֿ֮ڶ
⺣ûкѲʶ߽Ķࡣǽ롰⺣򡱵ʱ򣬱˲ٵޡãͷŽ׵ġޡ֮⣬ûϵĸߵŹˡ
Ȼں򡱶ȥȫϣǱȽ롰⺣ҪһЩֻҪ죬ˡں򡱣ҲĿʼˡ
ٺ٣İͷޣұ޻أ
⻰֪˭˵ˡ죬ƤЦ˵
ͷȻʧЦ
£˱̸˵أ
Ȼڡ⺣У롰ںҲḷֻ́ǡ⺣򡱵ıԵ޵Ҳô࡭ٺϵǲġˣҲ˵ɡ
˵ڡû֪ˡ

ʱ䣬յУ˹ȥ
조⺣򡱵ĺУȷ˲ٵޡЩޣԶµޡԡǧľƳɵĴֻûаֵв޼ڵ˵Ҳɡ
Խ롰ں֮ϣ˲ѲӵġѲӡЩ˵ȷֵ壬ΪǲѲڴˣ춼ǣӵƽ밲ꡭ
ʱ䣬ȴһѵõ⡣ֻΪ޼ҵ˵޼ڼǼΪƽ͵ĵطǶ˵ǽһϪΪֵڡݣòץһеʱ䣬ŬԼʵΪĸǱڵв׼
ϣԼķСϫѾǵھŲڣȫḶ́ŵھŲȲıƽšܸоٶȵĻʱңͻƵھŲڡǺȻûʱ䡣
ݹţһ޼ң֪޺ʱ򣬱ͻỳɵԼͷˡȻһԼİɱʲôжҪչ
ԭܼ򵥣Ժ³ɳԼˣ쳽ȡԼ񣬷ǵԼûĶʮٲλ᲻ɵԼͷϣ
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û֤ݣĿ֮£ҶԼǣԸң
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ңǰҪȡݵԣǲǻɱӵ֣Źݡ
ţص޼ңһж죬࣬Ҫչ
ȻжȻǴġɱĿаٷ֮ʮϡɱ֮⡭
üͷ漴οЦԸ˵ķ֮Уʵɱ׷ġֻҪԼһЩǲڻʲô顣ֻ£иΪĹơ
ȻԼǲ£ײٶȣֻҪԷǿߣӳȥĿԡΪĵġǴ̡
ǴԼܵʲô˺Ļ
üͷ֮ȴӣڵ޼ңҳΪǿߣҲһܱƽЩ̫ˡӣȥ֮󣬵ҪְһЩˡ
ļ٣ܹĵʲôó̡
ϣķ죬ȴվڴͷ֮ϣһ飬һĻնŴдĳ
һȴõСĳԱǣɻˡ
ݣеĽȴϵˣ


115 籩
СԱɻ֮ȴ˵սǵʵһЩ
ݵֻش˻ȻҲûٶ˵ʲô
ȷ֮ȷǼΪδﵽ̶ȵʱ򣬹ȴҲֻһ㡣ȵɺ߸Ϊս
ǶзʽȴΪѽ⡭ֲʹֻһζĻնųôҲаô
㣬ֻЦЦȴǲδش굹Ƿ·뵽ʲôü֮¶һ˿˼ɫȻݲԸ˵أСĳԱҲٶʡ
վڴͷǿʼԼС
տʼУȴǳˡǻݶԽİգǽʯ֮ϣѾܹڰٵ֮յһνĽȣʱֱԭ͡ڸտʼʱ򣬻ӵΣȴһν඼ûаյ⣬ȴݽüͷ
Խջûյıֽ֡ĻǻὫֽεļסպ˽ս֮УȻȻİԼԸ䷢ӳ֣ϵĴϵʱ򣬱޷յ
Σ졣һֱʱ򣬴ӣȴǾһ޴ˡ

ԭ죬ʱͻȻѹѹƲ·˵ͷ֮Ϫϱ֮ҹƣѹ֡
ڶݵĺڰ֮󣬱꣬ͻأûа׵ϯ
ʼֻϸ΢ҡΣȻڶ̶̼ӵʱͻſȻХȻ󣬱һ޴ĺˣϯ
׹ǧ뱼ڣƴϯɫɫĵͷѹѹƲ֮н洩󣬷һ·𶼾ը죻˾£پ£ĺ˾Ȼߴʮ֮ޣǵأĩ֮
Щɰϵľ޴ֻʱͬһеһ㣬ӿĺҡڲʱгûΣգ
޼Ҵ֮ϵĳ˿ͣһԱߴǰǻȻĽɫһУֲմȾЩײޱȣǿ޵ѪҺ޵ײвɫ䣬Ϫɫ䡭Ȼһ̣˵ݶǲ԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫ԰׵֮ϣ¶˾̬
⣬ǿȻ֮ʱȻԵǰĵ

ãһˣĿ죬ȥҲ죬ֻʮӲԶȥˡ
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Ȼ˵֮ϣӿֳһɽٺı顭ǿһ޼ʣƽȫްֲĴ󺣣УȴҲ޷ֵӣ
һƽ󺣷ŭʱĺˣĿ磬ıϯʱ򡭡κε֮࿹ؽǣƽĺ֮£ٲ˿
˴ɢĴӣֻ˰ʱ١ãЩֻԶáǧľƳɣṹҲǼΪʵⳡ籩ĳʱҲȽ϶̣ʶҲûʲôʧ
֮󣬱Ǽǰ
ⳡ籩֮УҲͬһһθоԼǰĽ
ݱϾҲǲ֮ˣٴ·֮ѾȫԼ̬
󺣵ȷ˾ηǣͺһҺڴ֮ϵĴֻҪһһεķˡ֮󣬲ѡʹͣ£ֻܼǰСߣ˷ˣƽĵִﰶߣĺ̡ߣϵķ˻飬󺣣ʬ޴桭
ʲôһǿ϶ġҪη塣Ϊηֻӵ˱Сȴӵ˱ǿ
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һ˵һоյǸܵһ֮ľ룬ߣһ˿˿
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⣬ȴһ֮ϲ
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վڴͷ֮ϣ۾ͷżװ塣
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վڴͷ΢˫ֱָ̽˴ϡһҲվţΧ˵̸ۣ·ûаֹϸ𡭡

֪˶ã˷·һַǳľһ㡭զȥûʲôϸ۲Ļܷ֡ĺ壬·⴬ȫںһ㣬ϵûа˿϶
ļȻ䣬ˡ
еĳľĺȻ⴬壬·һּζ֮У
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ȻֻƽζĻնȻûд˿Ȼ壬ȴ͸¶һ˵ĹϢ·𣬷·һննȥĲĵ壬Ҳն˳ȥ
Ҳն˳ȥһֵݡȻʵˡĽû˿ƶġ塱ȴһնն˳ȥ
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һ֮ղŴһȻնͬһλãһ֮ղŵиУ˲뵽֮ǰǸ֮С
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壬Ҳն֮УͣġӳءУȻ͸¶һ˵ĹŹζζƹ죬ȴ·ѭһ㣬Բ
⣬ǡࡱ


116 
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ļȻ֮䣬һ죬ݵĵڼװ֮ϵˣȴǱͻһͬʱŤͷȥ
ѾͷСĿУȴ˻عͷ֮ǰݵĳһᣬʱɢعͷˣԶûзʲô쳣
Сݣôˣײʲôˣ
ݸһǴкɻıѯţߵߣ̽ͷŴͷ֮¿һۡղһȷײһ޴﷽ֵܳһ㡭
ŶһպԾˮ㡭
ɫû˿仯ڵЦ˵
ŶһʲôءȻͷ֮Ťͷһ֮ڻ̲סü˵˵СݣҲʹһһĻնɶð似ʲôġ
ǰģϰ˳Ĵ̣ȻҼȻȻҪȰԼϰ߸Ĺа
һ֮Ц˵
ŻȻͷȻˣҲͲˡţЩʱˣʲôģҡֵܣɲ˿һ˵
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Χ޼ҵеĻŻȻ֮ϣʱʱ̶̿дСԾˮ档պһԾͷȻ봬ֻһײҲǲܡ£ҲͲٶע
ҵĺͬǰϪĺһģǼΪʺġ
ݣڴͷ΢ţǿѹͷļ֮һ˵СĳԱڵһ֮󣬱תŴԼķȥ

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һ죬ļȻԳ֮һУʱֵһ࣡
ݣ͵˫ۣ̲֮סĹЦ
յˣİյˣ
Լ뷨ȷģ⴬ֽ࣡
Һ֮ˮԡ͹ҳ֮Ϊɣ
̧ͷһ˸˷ܵĹ
ΪˣΪǡ˵⣬ǡҺ֮ˮԡ
ݳ³һâ˸
ҪһϣҪܳʱ䡣һҪҰյֻܹ֡εӡ
ݸղڴͷ֮նεʱ򣬱͸оԼѾЩϲ״̬֮ˡܲ²ĵԼڵʵβѾԼļˡ
⻹û¡Ҫܵεܲɣ˵
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ص޼ңԵжֻ±Ҫչңȴǲ˿и
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뵽һԼ񡣳ֱֱָٶȻı
һ͡Ʒ֮֮󣬱Ǵݵķ֮У˳

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Сڸʲôһ쵽Ǵڷʱ⣬˷ˡʵǿϧϧ
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ߣСĳԱ֮⣬ȫڴˡ
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ͷһԵȥˣһۣĲ˵ǱһСݽӴʱҪ磬ҲҪĶɣĶ𣿡
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İһۣûüͷɻĳ˵ûǴĻСݽӴʱ䣬ֻҲ̫ɣûнӴ̫ʱ䣬ֻʲôϰأ
˶΢һ㶡ѣ𡭡ǿеġšݣһǰɻǼСǡġϲ񡱰
Ľڽ롰ڵ֮󣬲ŵõġϵ߸£ʧ˽꣬ڵڶµʱȴַĶϽҲ˵ڴ˺ĽʱͲнáνϰߡͨǺܶĲſɵĶʱϰߣ
˶üͷ
ȻųԷСͿʼĿܡϾڼ֮вŶԷǡС̣һĽ
뵽˶һʶֹͣ˲²⡭
ڣɲϪֵĻϲϲϲǲϲڼ֮УЩ˵ЩͲ˵˵˵ĻпܱͻǻôĶ֪
ݵǵϵڵϵжΪеġ֮ϴ޼ǿţ֮ӡֻҪ޼֮ˣûв֪Զ̬ȵġʲôˣҲͬ
ԣݵĹܶʱ򣬻ǲ֪ĺЩ
˭ûһЩأСݰôôɣҲҪʲô²ˡ
ʱһЦ˵ͷһ漴ҲЦЦҲٶԡ


117 ɳɣ޼
ΪӵܣͶЩлһȡղǲضԡ
Ȼĳϸ
ιΪʲôʣҲǳڹС
ɻʵõóޱԼ֮ˣŤͷطȨûĻ
ޱһЦжеĺøиһ֡߶Щȱ֪ҲԸ񣬲Ÿֵ

׳գ
ɻĿŭı飬һ޹

ʱ䣬ˮš
ɳɡ춼Ķɿڡ
֮ȻƮƮѩɳɡװһƬװعģȻⲢδж⡰ɳɡķӰ졣
޴Ļθۿ֮ϣܼȺһҾ޴ĴֻͣڰߣæµĴӴŸֻһͨ򡰶ڵĿֵ࣬ŲٵСŸָϡŹֵߺڶԵüΪ
ʱһۿϣȴ¶һ鲻СĿհ׵شƬհ׵شǡͣʮҾ޴ֻ
һһִԶĳŰ߿˹Ȼ⴦հ׵ش֮ȴǲǰͣԹԵԶľ룬һļ϶Уֻͣ
ͷǱôĿհ׵شҾֵ»ΪҪ
һᴬԱǲѯͷЩ˵ϴ
ޣǵطͣƢȥЩ𱬵Ĵͬ׵ĺһ̣Ǹط޼ҵרۣͣ˭ҹȥ
޼ңᴬԱ΢һ㶣ͻȻɫһ춼֮һ޼ң
ߡҪȻΪǸطܿճôĵط
أ̵˶Ļط춼⡰ɳɡҲһ֮УΪӵʱΡ⻷θۿǰһƬĺУǧϵľ޴ֻãã֮лŰʻθۿ֮УĵطѾָĴֻΩһհ׵شȴ˵ͣ
춼ҡκһҵʵЩͨƽͷտԿġ˼Ҫ㣬ôĶ֪
⣬Ҫıһ۾ҪһЩ
⼸죬޼ǰϪĶ鷵̵ʱ⴦հۣͣΪ˵Щ˵ġ
ϴżԹĿǴհ׵شȻƬ֮ȴΡȻһ̾ŤͷԼ֮ǰ˶ϵİߡû취ֻܵԱҴϵĻﶼֵ꣬ԼˡֲϢˡ

հ׸ۿӦĵطͬһƬհ׵ĵشհ׵ش֮ϣȴһȺ޼רΧ׵ĻĮվڴ˴ԶˣǲͣĳͶԹעĿ⣬֮дЩۡ
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ȻˡλҲ൱˵ڵ֮˶ԣ˵ݣĳЩС峤Բ֡
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һʱȥʵ·Ҳ˼֣ʵΣȻ֮мְԵϢ¶
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һź򲻺ãԼڽȥˣҲǲܡ
˵Ļ΢˵ͷȴǲδ˵ԶԶͶעں֮ϵĿ֮УȴȻ˸ż
˼ȱ飬Ҳٶ˵ʲô΢΢СĵĺλϣľСġ
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۳˫ÿ϶Է֮󣬱ǳ˫ԣԸֿԶһֳķʽ໥ӦʶֱΪϬ񡱣ȡϬ˼
Զͨŵѡֻ轫壬ôκεط׵Ļصߡٶȼ죬֮أҲ඼ӳ졭
ٶ̫죬׽ѶȼͨǼʶֵߡǿ壬ûġ
ޡϮһִ£ˣȻڵձͽαˡԣ˵˿ʮҴֻʱ򣬷ûʲô졭

ڿյ֮ϵ޼֮УʮҴֻǷ׷׿ˡ
ڵ˰Ŵϣб˷ܵվڴͷ֮ϣôֻ̲֮סЦһ˫۾ɨ޴󡰻ΡۿϵˣЦݸʢ
Ϫ߸£ػؼĶϤףҪǳªޡէһôˣȷ֡ĸп
ޱƣҲͬ¶˼º͵ЦݣĿɨȺͬһ˵ĸп
ĿӹļȻޱƵɫһ漴üͷĿ⣬˿յ֮ϣһΡ

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ޱƷ·뵽ʲôæŤͷݡŷ֣ߵݣͬҲ˿յϵ΢۾ЩЦ⿴ŶԷء
Сݡ


118 ޼
Сݡ
ޱüͷ΢壬ɫ֮Դһ˿ǵĿݡ
Ǻǡ߰ɱƽ㡣
ԣջĿ⣬ޱչһЦ˵
ޱƿһ㶣üͷٶ漴ĵ˵ͷ
£ǸŴϵ޼ҵӣ˴ȥ

ߣѾ޼ҵĻȦһյأԶȺǿŴӴ޼ҵӣ͸¶û˿ڵۡ
֮УӵһӲıʲôΪҪ
УԡֻҪʣ͸һҪõԴؼǿߵָеĳأĵҩһеһУֻҪǶΪģ壬뾡취Ū
ȻߵʲôطǰͦأֻΪıһĿɽ
ЩӵܣһҪΪԼǣǴ޳УԵɽ亣ζסǻ¥
ͨȣЩĺǣˡһӳʼ˵ĺǻһȴҪںǰҪѧ㣬Ρȥ
ȻⱾһǿߣ֮ܿܿϡҪӵݣҪӵеλԣǿ߰ɡ

վȺ֮УȻһ˫ȴɨŴӴڶ޼ҵӣ·Ѱʲôˡ
޳γ֮еʱڲ࣬ڳ֮еȭͷ˲šһ˫֮УҲʱӿһɭȻɱ
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ǿѹסǰֱӴɱԽ䡣
ˣƢԹţԸԵ㣬޼ҶΪġ
ڡ֮⣬ֱָıͷһһϹʹ⣬Ϊĳ裡ݣ˱ɱ֮ģ
ǿϧмƽϣȴǲ޼ݶ֡Ļﻹܻڣ
ӵĨɱһ޵ҧгݵˣȴ޷ֵʱ򡭡ֱ˷
ȻھʹַıԵˡ
ĿԼŭɱˣѾʬΡ
ܹܡүˡ
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޼ҺƺƵ˵Ķ飬Χۣ򼵶ʵĿ֮У뿪˷ٵġɳɡ

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һ·춼֮⽼ϵȻûжٵı仯
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һ㶣漴¶ЦݵͷðڡϪ߸£ҲȷǸúúõϢϢˡһͬǣ˳ʲôҪĶΣ
Ͼֻʮഺ٣ȳȵӣڿ߸֮ҲҪɷɡ
ð
ˣȻûʲô飬ش
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š̶΢ĹػȻȻ˼ů⡭
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磬ſڼϣɱ˰
ԽԽ޼ͣ˺ѾԺ丽ˡ
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ЦкһбǻֳԼԺȥˡ
롰ڵĵӣĸҲƾŮ󣬲ٵķּҵӶὫĸӵһչˣԼҵʱҲȻҲǽԼĸĸ˹ԲŻԵȲҪȥ

Ҳ뿪˶顭


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ڣ˾롰ԺԲԶɵ֮ˣݣͣ˽Ų
ƽ㣬磬Ҿˡ
Цųޱƺһк
С鵽˴ʱֻˡ
ԽǿԺҲԽáּҵȻûʸסġֻеϵӣлס
ݵġԺΪӽڶ޼ҵϵԺ䡣
ޱԺ䱾ѾˡǽոոջȻҪȥһԼĸĸһֱߵ
ǺǣȥɣռЦŵ˵ͷ
Сݣô̶˰䷹ԡޱȴǺٺһЦ˵
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Ȼ󣬱ǳһС·ȥޱƺ꣬ҲЦһ£ǰнǵĸĸǵϵԺ䣬Ȼڸˡ

ΧϤľ£ݵ֮Ҳֳ˼Ц⡭شǶѾ֪ԼҪ˰ɣ
˵ݵʱ򣬾Զһ㶣漴֮͸¶ֹŹ֡Ȼע⵽ǵĿ⣬һ㶣漴üͷ


119 
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ݣǼУͷ֮һȴûжĹϵ޼ҵӣ޼ҰʢţͬʱҲĶӡ㣬޼ҡ
˵һʲôԼĻҲֻСϲ֮ˡ
Ȼϲ֮ҲѾ׵׵Ĵͷժȥȥϼ֮ϣ޼˵棬ֳԼ׵ʡʮ꣬ϫڡǷ޼е֮УʣҲΡ
ڽһ죬ժȥˡϲͷݣڽϼ֮ϳ֮ڡ֮ڣһūĺϷͷһ޼ɢ˿ĳΪ޼ĵϵ

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ղļһǹŹֵһֱڳ˼ſڣȴ˦˦ͷɻ˦˳ȥ¶Цݡ߸²֪̹ô
ţǰȥ˽յĴ֮ǰš
˭
ʱǴһѯ֮漴Ŵˡ
һСˣ΢ɻ̽ͷ
Ȼݵʱū۾һ㶣漴ͻȻϲغүүˣ
˵ţæĽŸ˿
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һϲСݵʻݶʱһ䣬漴ȴ¶˼ɫͷȥ
ݵƬ̲ػɻŤͷȻС֮ϵ֮ɫʱɫһ㶣뵽֮ǹŹֵɫݵɫ˲ȫȥ
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С΢һ£ȻæϴţҲһСܵĸݵ󣬳ȥ
ΧĻδжı仯ϸʯ·̽һ֮УĸС֮ͤͤ£ȪѶ֪δȵľͷ̤֮һ̲ݵأ֮һֲʯţ棬ǾסԺ䡣
ݴʱȴûȥЩɫһ·˿ͣʱȻʯţԺ֮ڡ
ĿһɨԺһУӳ
ūͣŮڴɨԺĴİѩŲǺŤͷһۡݵʱһжһ㶣漴ϲĻүվΡ
ȴδǣĿ⣬ȴĶԺĵһºñ֮ϡ

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ݵ֮ȴûаֵЦݣĿ˸źâһŨɱϻ͸˫ۣĶۣ漴ƶۡ
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ȻβݵƢԣһֱżݲҪȥɵ£ɫȴԽԽ԰ס
ݽҧصͷŴ̵ģգַ˴̵ļϡ΢һ£̵һ漴ԽԽС󣬳˯˹ȥ
ݣСĵĸ̸Ǻ˱ӣȻĬĵͷšƬ֮ת߳˴̵ķ䡣
վſڡ
ĿҲ紺һ㣬˳ǿǺ˵ⶴڳʱĲ״
ۣҲͬ۶ϡյ䣬Ʈ

ߵʱ򣬲ŷԺŮūͶѾ˴˴ӡӿȥƯȴΪءĵͷࡣ
ӣһ˵ѹ֮С
ݣͣ˽Ų
ĲΪȶѪʵ˭ɵģ
΢Ĭһ֮
ݵͫ׶ʱ΢һ£˵ͷ
΢һ£˵ԼĪһǰ֪ΪʲôɱƺΪŭ֮󣬶˵Ͷ֡Сܣ޷÷ȫү𷣡
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120 ɱҵɱ
޹أĺܺáɡ
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һɱ¾ǰ

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ȡһֻۣһֻǱˡ´λҶҲ
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뵽һ
û뵽СôãȻ˹νġǿߡе顣ֻСС͵͵УԲܿס㹦ưɣҪȻߣҿɲ겻ʱʵ쵤ҩУҲԲܻСõôСҲûаļֵ
Ȼ֪Ϊ顱һƣʵѾǷϲүݡݣѷǸݡ
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ıͻȻֱжѾǺ޵˼£
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䣡
δ䣬һͻȻӴ֮


һδعҽ˶С漴ɫһ䣬͵ŤͷȥֻӰӴ֮˽ۡѩ裬ݺݵˤ˵ϣˡһ죡ٿˣȻѾʧȥ
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ݵڴƶϵһԲˣҪ֤ݡʧٰ֮󷵻أԼĶԼʮʧٵʱѾҪݳˡ
ò˵Եļĺ֪ݴСд̴󣬶Դ⼫Ϊĸ顣ܵ˺ݱŭ֮£ȻʧȥǡǸʱͿֱ׳ɱݡ
һ棬ŭݣǵľٶһ桭Ҳһ
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ΪΪıԼҪĴ̣Ϊ֪ɵֵǰʧȥһĿһ۵Ҳ
統ޱˣðű¶ʵΣգҲҪǡޡնڵһɷΪΪΪԼĳްһߡݣ
ݣгǸĻΣȴӲȴ

ȻʵݻѡΪһЩķʽȷ˵ɱ
ɱȻѡݵھŲڵʵײɱˡҪɱһڰ˲ڵ˵ֵңϱȫԼʵԼһЩơ
벻𣿵ȻʵݵĵһӦǰɱ뷨һ֮󣬱ͱˡ
ҪɱҪɱɱһңҪɱɱһʹʹ죡ԶѾ²Լʵʵɱ񣬶Ѿûж𡣼ȻˣԼβҵĸһ
ԲҪҪ𣿺ðҾԸҾʧȥǡǿ
󣬾һ
еɱһ˲䣬ﵽ˶㣡ͨ˫ĶΣļȻ

һҲ˵Ϳжʱӿ˷ŭɫһ̽ʱǽѾݷҡһĳγŨâʱζʱԾ𣬳ӭȥ
֮ϣӿһ˿СȻұͳȫɣ
䣬Σ˵һνӴ
䣡
һ죬Ȼ˳ཻ֮Ȼը죡֮ϵЦδȴʱ㻯һƬ
ʲô
ֻһǿᵽ޿ƥеĿ֮Ȼݵĳ֮ϿӿݺݵײϡһɱϢʱӿڣ壬Ȼһײ֮£ȫӲ
ۣ
ſڱһѪѪ˲ǻʺ˵׵Ļѩ֮ϣԵôĿ졣
壬Ǻݺݵͬһĵ˳ȥ
һУѪɣ


121 ĵ
һĵ˳ȥڿУѪеľ
һУֻһУ⣬ôܣ
ԼԼǰ˲ڣͻƵ˲ڵǿ߰СǣӦֻе𣿣Ϊʲô
ؿڣŨ˼µľš
Ȼı֮˲ڷҴܣֻڶ̶̲һϢʱüĿ֮ϣѾһ֮촽ҲѾɫ
ȻݵΡûͣ
ɱѾŨʵʵĵز׵ķŹ
ü磬ݵıһζ֮Ծȥ
С
ڵϵٶһѪѪ֮ͬ漴ͿٶȱԾΣжʱŭɫ
Ҳ룬ڵڰ˲ڵġ͵жɫٶһ쳣죬ǿԼָһ˿漴ַɿ̽뻳Уһڵֱĳǰһӣ
һŨʵһĽâȻ֮У
âŨֻ˲䣬ǻȻۣһͽɫݣͷնȥ
ɫ
Ϣ֮Ϣǿ˲֪ٱδҲоһϢΣϯ
뵱Ϫϣնɱ޺֮ʱġɫһޣ
ͷѾ֪Ըĵˡ
ѹ֣ѹԼȴδԡԼȻɵԼɱ쳽ôӦ֪ȻԼĶ֡⡰ɫԸԶԸԼĵ˰ɣ
оâеͷֻڼ̵һɲǣѾΣȴûаֵĳɡ
⡰ɫӲ
ʵʵġɫʮ֮ޡնΧĿǷ·һݺݵն˿ڡɫ࣬ڵѩȻȫȻʧ˸Ӱ٣·⵶֮ϣ̺һİԵ
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⡰⡱Ȼֻǳ߳ΣȻͣȴʮԡ
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ݽһҧȴ侲֫һͦζʱڿһݵͣ١гȻǡɫȻնһɫġӰļȻ֣
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䣡
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ڿУһѪڶɫϯͫȻһ£Ȼȴûаֵ⡣
뵽β뵽޺ձһɫȻˡԼȻԼɱӣȻֻһɫ
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ݵɿ£ѾֱֱķɵԺǽ֮ϡ
ڶɫѾ
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ۿݱҪ⡰ɫնʵȻʱݵΣѾɵԺǽ֮ϣ
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ɫ̫ˣһԣǱನݺݵĻУٶһѪ
ڶɫݺݵնԺǽ֮ϣȻУԺǽ
ʲô
۾ɳۿû뵽һɫġ⡱ȻûжԶԷɶ˺ڵڶ֮ǰܹȥ
ȻûʱϸˣݵΣѾӶ
ôʱУ¶˻ҵɫ
ٶ̧֣䣬Ȼٹ˲ϿɫЧΣתͷҲصıͿ˳ȥ
Сôôзţ
ǡġӡзӡȫֵСȻܶ
ǵΪʲôһ겻ˣ
쵰쵰
λһӰͶҲصĳԺӶȥ
˵ֻҪԷͲٹܣӳ֮󣬾ܡ
ҵĴϢţݲ԰ѩüĿ֮ϣȻű漴֮ϸֳŤ֮ɫ
СǿȻֻС·һ
䣡
зŵʱһףȴļȻը졣δعʲô˼ʱ˫֮£ͻȻоһ
һ㶣΢ɻĵͷ͵ɫͻȻ֮С
ֻСµĲλʧˣ
ˣ
ĳ̫ͣʧȥСȣȻǰɳףźݺݵˤ˵ϣ
ݵӰ󡭡
ݵĵ̫ˣ쵽һֱڣδоʹԼˤǰȻɵɵĿԼСȡ
Ƭ֮󡭡

֮ĲҽʱĿд˳
һֱôʱǱնϵС֮УѪ
С֣С֣С֣
ʧȥ˫ȣѾȫʧȥǣ˫ͨķáĵʹһһĴ̼Ĵԣѣ
ݵıû˿ı仯Ѿȫʧȥ˵ֿ
ĿķȻĿ⣬ĳҪķһۡһ̣˫磬Ȼ̽


122 ԣ
ס֣
ȻڴʱһһĺƴȴļȻԶը죡
һ֮һףԶţһɿĺȻ˸һƬʵʵĽâӿ˲䣬Ҫײݵ壡
Ȼݵ֮ûаֱ仯·ûпǹɱӿĽɫȻĿɭ䣬ٶȸûаֵı仺֣
ԭһ֮¶˿ϲ֮ɫвعͷݵ֣Ȼǰ

˺ѷεĲҽУʱб˳˺ѷεʹĴһڣѣ
䣡
ҽеͬʱһףĶըҲǾ֮ը˲䣬ǵԵĺȻɫĺȻ䣬ͷһӶ
䣡һ죬ʱը˿
һЯһɻԵϢӰǽâ֮ƾգǳԣ
Σϵòһɫۣ£һɿ֮İԵϢ
ǣ޼һμ޼ӵȨƣǼۣҲԸ׵ˡԣ

Եһ˿ɫ漴Ťͷ˵֮ϣŤ壬Һѵһµıŭӿ
һԲѪĺڶۿȻȡ֮ǰԹͫ
ݵΣʮ׿ĵط
Ȼûʲô仯ȻĮʡһֻ֣ȴǱѪȾ졣漴Աһ˦һմѪ飬ǵ˵ϡ
ԵͫףȻ
棬һʱù
Բ˵ͬԵĮգƶ졣ΨԽİѩɳɳԼ֮Ĳҽصڶϡ
֮еıŭƽȻȴԽĮ
ֶֶΡԵԵüΪͳ˻ƣдԡ·ѾԵľĿ֮У򵥵棬ҲһӿİԵ֮⣬ͷ΢
󲮣ˡȴǲΪǰͳ˻ƣȴһɷ絭ζĮ֮в˿ĮĿԡ
ڰѾʹֶΣһбϾûʻ
ڵľ˼˶ҪɱԷ˶ᵱȽֻΪ˭ͱһ㴰ֽ˭䵽³ˡ
ԲԸݣ಻Ը
ɱСɱɱ
ڴʱһֱҽвݵͻȻסԵ˫ȣ˺ѷεĺ֮УŶŨĳԼԹ
ݵĿ⣬ɨӣ飬ȴδаֵı仯
ԵĶӣ
ϢǴȥֻ޼˶Ҫ۾Ȼȴʵ
Ե˽ӣ
޼Ĵ֮УԵĸҲǼΪصġһˣƽˣ檸ϥ£ĶŮ
ȻЩ檣һ춼֮֮ŮҲֻݣŮʸ޼ס
ȻĸףȴһŮ
ȻԵЩѪ춼Ⱥ֮УĸסĸȻ̻֮ŮȻԵʱȴ˾ĻƻŮʵҲ޼Ҵү١Ⱥ󡱡˭˸áûܣ
Ե껹ֻǳé®ëͷСӶѣĸ׵磬ȻëͷСѡԾȻ쿪ҪýȢĽ⡰Ⱥ󡱵ĻȢؼҡ
֪޼춼ļ֮һôܽĵ
Եڼ֮иûжȨơĹâȫڸǣԼѹѡ
ԵҲһ֮ˣýȢУŮ˽뷨
ϧ鲢δгȥչһմеĽϸȺ󡱣׼Ů˽ʱȴŷ֡Ůӣɱˡ
ŮӣһƪţɱԵɡ
̻֮Ů䲻ӵܡΪǰѾܺˣԵҪѡ
ܿڼ֮еελ
Ϊ̳ߣȻеĹâԶһ̫һڵʹ࣬ãųѡӱܡһۿԣһк
ȻͨʱĽӴ֮ԼˡȥЩųĴк棬ʵž޴Ǳʴϻۣ͸һ˵İԵֻǣкԼѡ
ˣӦһǣԾµжȴΪŮ˽飬ȴ˵İҵһߡ
Ĵڣ赲Ϊ˵׳־ĻôԸʧ
һŮӷѡ԰˹ȴԸΪԵʶ˰ۣ˳ԣΨһķʽԡ
ʵϣҲΪŮӵȥںŻȨ˵ĳԣҪִ޼ȨƣܹԼԸȥԼҪ顭
µΨһĶӣ
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ӵмΪǿȨ֮ижסһֱķ
ĸ߲㣬󲿷ֶ֪ġԡŸڵմݣԣڴ֮ȴûܵһĴ
ֻΪ֮ӣı󣬶ԣţ

Ȼһ㣬ڵһμʱͷȻһЩ²⡭
̫ˡΣ٣ϵǹ˵ƣһޣ
ȻȻûа취ԱȵġϵƣȥһЩٻĸо
ҲֻǻɶѡȻǡ֮ǰ̽ԵĵԵ棬ʹһϹԵʱ֮һŭɫɱȴûӹݵ۾
ýգǰֳܣУ˰˲İա
ڣԼ˳Ȼǲмˡ
ԵͷһѾ˲ˣ֮У˸Ũɭ
Ϣһ°ɡ
˵ָһ£ʱĺ󾱡һ˻ʱһ٣漴ӣ˵ϡ
ֱֱݡ
һŨɱԵϣӿɱ⣬ΧѩҲķ
ȻԵӣȻʡݣͳͻȻĿд
һҲ֣Ϊʲôʱѡ㶯ô


123 ֱ棬ԣ
ԵˮΣһ˫֮Уŵɱ⣬·ֱӽĶ
޺ˣҲݴɱ˲ˣһҲǷˡΪ˸Ķݵɱһֿ񱩡
ʳ仰ʱݾ֪ѾٸʲôԣѡҪĻɱԼ
֡ݵɫδаֵĲȻĮʣԱչأʱ޼ҡ󡣡
󲿷ʱ䶼ڱչ£޼˶֪
ֻм֮гش¹ʷÿ֮ʱǻ֮⣬󲿷ʱ䶼ڱչء
Ȼ޼Ψһʸмǳ֮ˣֻǰλҪɱԼ޼һ̳ԡβѡʱԼֵԵɣ
۱ϾԼүүԼҲѾһǰǸûаҪķϲҪɱԼڣȻҪֵġ

Ǵ壬ԼüֵôȻ˻Ụ㡣üֵҲûеĻүүҲһס
ǴҡƷޣȻ棬˶ٲΪ֪̬Į˵ˣû˵

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΢һ΢üЦЦұûǿߣ󲮳֪֮ˡֺαظСֶЩСĻأ
ݵĻػʱһƬ֮󣬲˵ͷȷҪǣǧã򲻸áöζֵġ㱳ûǿߣ졪ˡ
ͷ΢һ֪⡰ζָ˭ŵѾʹȥһۣеľмֹŹ֡һçȻôһŮԻ֣˾ȡ
һ˿ŹҲֻһΣݱҡҡͷҳϴʵǿʮ۷Բһִ߱ܵ졭ҪɱǲܡǡҲɱҡ
ɱ㣿΢һͻȻ֮ǰݶһιҲǽʵ
һԣ֪
Ե˵ɱȻӹ
Ȼ׼ֵһ˲䣬һɫӰȴȻг֮пӿԣջȥ
ݣȻ֮ǰˣ
Եͷ΢һϣȻţһŭ𼸺޷ƵĴĵ籡
Ҳû뵽ǰСӣȻ֮ǰ֣
С
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գԳֿȭնһУǽޡʨޡͷ­ն£⡰˵һһ
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ݵʵ޷⣡
ϧԶԼ̫ģڱ֣ȻĻһ¾Ҫݵͷնȥˡ
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䣡
޴ըȻ𣬾ɫͷĽɫ޵һҵײ
ȻǿĳȫɢֻԵͻȻӿһɽɫâⱬĳȫȻûɢȥ
ɾ޴ײ֮һǿȻԣӲǿӿġǽನȫİʮ۷ԲĿֲɼһߣ
ĿҲԡ»Ե
ֻһӴңңǾɫĳ֮Ͽӿҵײ֮£ɫ޵ɢ
ȻһоâȻǣ

һȻݿбгȻһ
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ն
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һɹŹֵζͻȻݵϸ֣
Ǿղһײɢɫ޵һһ˲䣬Ƕʱָԭеʵ̶ȡȻٶȻӳʱһâȻǾ޵֮ϱʵ̶ȣȻ֮֮ǰһΣ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ݵĵһնڶնνӣƻȻʵϣȴǿЩĿϾӵĸоһ˽һ˵ĺ
ࡱûڷ޼ҵһʱĺ֮У
ˮ̬֮֮Һ̬֮ˮˮߣǿ֮
һ˽һˣһ˸ʤһˣϲ಻ϣ⣬ǡҺ̬֮ˮ似֮еԣ
ڼԳֵʱ򣬱֪ʹáɶ֮ĻҪһսΨһĻᣬֻ⡰Һ̬֮ˮԣ
ԣҲ޷ɱЩȻ뿪Ī˵ԲԸҲʣ
ԣѾɱɱ롰ĵգѾڡϪϣ쳽׷ɱԼʱ򣬱Ѿᶨ
ԼӲԣȻȴһ٣ٶսԼͼޡȻ˴̣
ֻһצĻָʹԣȥܸģܸģ
ԣҪһ
֪ԵǿᣬȷóȻɶ֮ܲɱʹһУûĻôı򲻵ѣݲԶˡ
ԣѡǡ֮
Ҳ֪ԼǡƿزδȫﵽշĵĵزͬҲûгԹ롭ȻʱѾ˲
ԣΪ̽ݱǲһǿߡʱݣҲ˳ĻԴ˼䡭ĿģҪǶʱ䣬ǹɡĽ࡭


124 ˮ̬֮Һ̬֮ˮ
֮УȻƮŶëİѩ޸ԶǸһ㰨ѩ֮С
ͥԺ֮Уɫľ޵ɢŶĿĹ󣬷еĳ֮Ӷױȵĸ֮Կѹȥ
ݵġϫȻġˡˡʣȻϫ̺ġʣȴδжٵļδԱǸоһɱ֮ɢ˿
һֱδй仯֮ϣ״¶˶֮ɫ
ùĹǡпӰΪλ˹Źֵı仯
ĿˮüĿȻȴδжʱȥ˼ֻΪǵڶȻǰ
ڶնľɫ޵ʵĸоڶ֮һܣǿ㣡
ߣ
һߣݳţбһƽɫâţϵĽɫţҲļȻڣͷ֮ϵĽɫ޵ٶʵ֣
䣡
һ촫ɫ޵ɫ޵ٶһҵײ
һȦȦʱٶɢ
һΣԵͫȴļȻһͻؽһ̧ȴֱӽűߵ߷˳ȥ
һſƼأȴٽصһ˲䣬͵һ٣漴ƮƮʮ׿ǽ֮˾޵ƿأٶȳ֡
Խߵ˲䣬޵ײ֮ĳʱѹ¡ֻá顱һϸ죬ΪԲĵķԲɷΧ֮ڵĵ棬ʱݺһһƣ
һεײݵľɫ޵ȻǷ˸˼£ɫΪǱȽϵһʱıٱȴʵ࡭һϣԿڶ֮һ
ݵȻ侲ʣڶδδͷֵĲεİסһ˿Խļ䣬гȻ
һ㱣ݵҲǱ͵أһ㡣˲Ϣ䣬ٶն

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ԣҲ̲ס΢ɫ䣡
⵽ǺιŹʽΪĹһαһǿ᣿
֮У֮ɫһӶ޵ٶȿѹ£
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һǿһһʤһеĽ࣬ƻȻ˵ȴһն£δüڶѾӿ

Եȫȥƺһ֮ȴҲòٶӭȥ
ʵʵĽɫâٶȴϿӿ۵֮ϣӿͷԷڶײ֮Ҳ΢ԵЩȻľ޵֮УõǾ޵ٶȶ˼ʵ
䣡
һһȦȦٶȺȻϯ顱ϸ֮죬ܵĵ棬ٶɫѷ죡
һΣͷĽɫ޵һθȻһЩȻݵľɫ޵ȴϴʵһЩ
νݵĹѾһ࣡
Ȼٶȼ˿ࡱس֮ʱؿڣȴļȻһƣһɳ죬ʱӿգ
ɫһ䣬漴ȴһѪ˼ǵɫ޵Ҳݵ˼֮ɢ˿֮У
Ȼ֮ڵ壬ȴ޷̫ΡұΪҵļޡڿξˡ
ŷƵؿڣͷĿ⣬ȴǳԿȥ
ڵԣѾŭ˼ˡ
ĿʵʣĶݣڵĽɫâʵʵĽɫһԾݡ֮УԿһַŭ
ͥԺܣѾһƬǽ塣ϸѷԵĽ³졣ݽµĲԶ֮Ĺִڡһӵʮ׿ǽ֮ϡ׵ǽϣͬҲѿһɫѺ֮ۡǰʹáӡԸʱɵƻ
ӣգҲֻܵΪֹˡţԵ¶˵⡪գѾԳ׵ֿ޼ңȴ֮
ǣ̵ĳˡ
ʵȷǳҵ󡣵ֻôһʵô㣬ˡ
Եͳ˫ͬһĿݡ
˵Ϊŭһգݽ˲мȶ˹ΪɶǡԼȻԷĹѹסöԷն
ʲôˣԷʲôˣǳ裡
裬ֻѪϴ
ԵУѶݱ˱ɱ֮ġ
ȻһγˮԣȴĲõǵѪͻȻЦ˳˵ɱҡ
ȻԵ֮ȴǲδаֵĲֻĿݡȻ󻺻̣֮ǰʹõǹ𣿡
΢ȴ֪ɷĿԣδ˵
ҳϣȷ졣һҪӣ㲻סǡԵһ˿â
ݵͫȻ֮ȴһԵ۾˵Ҷ̣ұ֤һȮҪͼôвҡΪҺʲôˡ
ԵͫҲȻһ˿âȻһӶ
棬ݵĿȻһţֻͻȻſڣݣһ
𣡣
һɼֱۿɼĲȻ͵ıǰеĿڼΪ̴ٵһɲ֮漴Ȼڵ
ȻԵ¿ڵһ˲䣬һȻľ֮ȴڵλը죡ԭվԭصݣȻһ˲ʧ˸Ӱ٣
ڵֱֵ֮ĳȻǰȥ棬ȳ֮£ƬƬɣеѩҲһ˲һͣͣ漴תڳ֮гǰӿ
䣡
һ죬ֻ˲֮УǳǺݺݵײ˽׿Ժǽ֮ϣȻУԺǽʱ¶һ޴ĿӶ
㶨ݽջѾŵԺλػֹκͨԽսȶûһ
Ȼȫɢʱŷ֡ԵΣȻѾȫʧ
УŴս֮ŨԺǽһ࣬ʧȥ˫ȣ˫ۣѪѾ˿ĻĶ
ú
ڴʱһ֪ӺδĵͳȴļȻ𣡾Ժ׿һк»һʱԺ֮ڿȥ


125 
ʮɽ춼޸֮һɽɽ֪ǳж֣ܹȣ֦Ҷïľڵ˴󲿷ֵأʹʮɽԵüΪ
ţ⡰ʮɽ֮ǧĵط춼ġ콧ϡ콧ϡ֮ѪԨǡ󻪹޽սһҪս
˵С콧ϡڣǿءǣ⡰ʮɽʵ̫Ӵ˭Ҳ޷ȷǷǿ޲ڴˣʶ˻˷ɽ
Ȼ졭
䣡
ļȻ֮䣬һ֮Ȼը졣ֻԶһۼԲ׽ɫӰ˲ӵ˽ǰٶȳ˼Ϣʱ䣬ȴļȻ仺ɫӰֳʱȴŷ֣ȻһӰ
ɢŨľɫâֳ֮ȴ˿ͣ٣һ㣬ʱһŸ˰ѩľ֮ϣ漴ȴͻȻ͵һŤһ㣬ζʱѾʧ֮С
Ƭ֮󡭡
ݣ
һƷ֮΢һɫӰԼٶȷӶӵ֮ǰǵľ֮ʱȴ͵ĶΣż㣬ΣʱǶɵ֮ϣ
ɵߴ˰ѩǴԼٵĹ췽ʽվɵ֮ϣȴֻɵ΢˵ͷȻվΣ
ͷ˫ͻȻ΢һ˿ڶƬ֮ıͷƺ΢һ¡
ļȻȻһ˿⡣
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ɣżһŤʱǻһâߣ׷ȥ
ٶȻȲ֮ǰǵɫӰںը֮Ϣ֮ڵٶȣȴǱȶԷһľ֮ٶҪ࣡
ݣӲġ
ͳһڷ֮䣬Ȼص֮䡣¸װľҲɪɪ۵ѩȥ

ǰ۵ݣԶԶԵɫʱ΢
ײȻ죬ȴÿһʹöǿıըƽʱûʲôȻԡͷ΢ȥ
ǴʹüײȻ˦ԵġȻʹײ֮ٶ΢ΪѾ˦ԡȻȴû뵽ڲûйʱ֮ԣͻȻ֣
ݵǣʱ֪ʹײʱ֮
ԣ񲻵òʹһײ֮󣬱ʹá÷ݡϧЧƺ
Ѿᵽ˼¡ϴԻͳȴɱȴԽɭ䡣
֮ǰսһײͥԺ֮жԵһΣԼղΪԵľ붯Ρڵ״̬ٶһΣǼޡ
֮ϸֳɭ䣬Ȼ˸һ˿侲
Ҫ취˦
ݵھŲڵʵȫʢʱڵǿȣʹð˴ײȻһЩˣⲢӰײʹüޡϾǿʹõڰ˴εʱƸһЩѡ
ǣƺѰҵҵ١ףôģ
α򣬶ڲ֮Ǳ׷ϡͷܲɣ
ˡҡ
뵽˴ݵԥ
׷ٵңײҲѾֻһʹáʹײȫؽһּľءڵ״Ҫáɶ֮ȥƴҲûʸ񡭡ӣҲֻðһˡ
뵽ݵУһ˿ϡ
ż⣬͵ĵһɵߣΣǳһ򣬷Ӷȥ
뿪ãԣҲǵִ˴ִʱ򣬱ͷ΢һֻ˲ȷ˶Է뿪ķĮ
Ҫ˼ˣգӲ
ţҲ˿Ҳһɵߣȥķ򣬷Ӷȥâʢ

µľɿĵţ֮ľҲԽԽ澰£ԽԽߣݵΣѾңңĳԵ֮С
ݵεʱԵУʱ̳ζ
ΪԷĪ⣬öԷԼ׷١ȴû뵽ڷ֮ʣȻôһװĶװ׵ĸԼڵķ
Цٶȿǿ죬֮ʵ־ףȴʵ̫ԡԼġ׷Ī⣬Сʱ֮ڣѩ֮УҲѰԷݵķ򡭡
ֻѡ
ԵĮңңݵĶС
΢ͷƳһѾԶԶ׷Լԣ飬ȴδжĲ
Ťͷٶȣᵽ˼¡
ߣ
ݲδԼһɫâȻʢٶȣҲٶ֮ľ룬ȴڿٵıƽš
ǰٵҿɲݵʹúܶΡҵҪ㻹üΣ
Գ˫ǣȻѿǡסһȻ죬ʹߵҪȻǼߡֱ֣ܷͨӵʵڵھŲڵҡٶȣȻ޷εʹġ
޷ʹõʱ򡭡
ԵУӹһ˿ɱ
һ׷һ֮䣬Ѿ뵽⡰ʮɽǰɽ壬ǳ˽ǰû˿ͣ٣ֱӣǳɽļз֮УȥڵϣҲֻһ㣬ٶȷӶ
һĳ֮ͨǰȻʣ
ˣ
ݵУһ˿â
һ£Ȼ뿪ݵ
£ֱɽļ϶ĩˣɲȣԿһɫӹɫŨ֮̽һسµ棬ȴһһĶֱɽ壡ɽߣ߶ɽֱֱ̽ϵ̾
Ҫǣߵ£ɽ壬Ŀ룬ǧ֮ңǻɣ򣬶ȻûйȥĿԣ
۴ʲôǶһءݣ
â֮УԵΣϿ֮У˳
ȻԿ˴εʱȴͻȻһ㶣漴âȻɢȥ¶ΡϿȵ֮
ԵĿһ£ֿһվ±ϣĮĿԼݡ֮Уӳ˵ɱ⣺ӣҲھ֮·
˵꣬һĿⷺһ˿ɫĹâĿݵ˵գ
䣬͵̧֣ŨʵʵĽâ˲֮ϱǣһ޴󳤵µĿ֮͵ĳݵͷն䣡


126 ƺ
Хĵ磬ÿҲ˻ɫâ֮ѩƬƬӿֱݣ
ԲݹϻͨյһӴʵڼΪթƻĻǣ㶼δɳֱӴɱֻպǻ
ĿˮɫնݵͬʱĿȴĶŶԷһĹ֪ʹüΣǶԷ䲻ݷ֮ٶߣֻҪķѲ
ţɫ޵Ȼٽͷ
ȻһֱĮĶԣֻ£Ѿͷ֮ʣУâʱ
Ȼ
飡
һ죬һ֮£Ȼ±ϵĵ棬ҲǺȻ̤顣ΣǱ
Ծķǡ£
ʱһСҪʲô
Եɻ֮УαԾԾʮ׵ĸ߿գȴδȫһɫ޵ĹΧͼ˫ֳֵб˾â£ն
ֻġᡱһ죬ɫ޵ʱгӭǽɫâնȥ

ݵĶɫʱһ漴üͷȴȻһ塣
ԣǽ
Զʱ϶
˴£ǧҵľ룬ܽ赽ҲֻԾײ
ӳ賤֮ʹǹŹһ˲ִܵԶ룬ֻҲ߰˰׶ѣ
ҪʹΣȻҪһ㣡ȻŨ֮УȴֽҲûУŨܵİҲֻǲ±ڱԵż̽±һЩֲֲҲ±ڣ̽ľ룬Ҳʮ׵ҡм䣬ȻаҵĿĵش
ǽ賤֮ҲֻܽһΣܲڽ˳֮󣬻ܽջذɣϳ˳֮⣬ûɹ֮ǰ׾룬ζȹ
ԣӦǽ
ôǽΪʲô
üͷʱ壬Уȴǽ䱸
ݿʼսһֱղŵһ·׷ɱѾ˿С󱲡ÿһΪƺһĿġڻɣС򶨵ɫ·һҲԼܵ±ĪǣҪʲôı
ͷҲֻһ˲ĹȻݵľɫ޵ʱѾԵĽɫһײˡ
䣡
ըԼݵľɫ޵ԵĽɫһӴ֮󣬱˲ͱƬɢ˿֮䡣Ϣǣ֮£ݿУʱһѪ
Ҫ֪һ֮ǰͥԺһսվԭزֻǵסݵľ޵Ҳݵľɫ޵˲
һһȻǴͬ
Ӵ˴Կ֮Ĳ࣬һִˡ
͵ʱ˳űӿݵڣõٶѪȻ壬ȴǶʱ߸ߵ׷˳ȥֱֱŨŨ֮У
ǽ
ʱһȻ漴ǻعһζȻӵ±ϣĿ⣬Ķű߸׷ɳȥݡ
һȻǽΪǧ׵£ȥ
粻ĿݵΡŨҲͷ顣Сӡаգֻһ׳յ쿪
֪𰸣ϱҪ
һݵ׳ҾʱȥƣȻ̬Ҳһ㣬һҧгǰһ˦壬Ÿղִǳ֮ϵʱֻá䡱һ֮Ȼը죡ݵΣҲ˲ʧҰ֮У
Բδݵȥ룬ĵġǳ
Ŀ͵ƶȻȴüͷݽ֮Ѿ֮ˡ
üͷĿ⣬Ҳ˲ֱָ棡ûгԵϣݵΣھ±жҵĵط¶ΡȥƣѾ̬ǲҵ֮ʱҪɣ
Ȼããգȥƺ
ߣѰ·
һԭΪԼĹ˴󡣵еһжԼûаֲ𡭡
ߣǧ׾룬һھŲ߿ս
һٶƳһݣʹҪ뿪ȻĿٶȿݵʱȴȻɴ۾漴Ȼ¶һ˿ͣ

һײȥƣھ׵ĵطǱ仺ٽһôյ³ֻһԨǣ
ݵοɲáһʼӡĽɫâ֮£΢һЩˣǿеӵĴΡʱ⵽ɣθˡ漴ʹײһ񻯡˸ղţΪ˽ɵľ޵ǣ֮£ˡΪ˽Եһ˿壬ϼˡȻʹһײѾﵽ˼ޣ
ݽҧ֮ȻһƬ侲
Լ״̬ݱڿУȻڲͣĵšȻЧ΢
ײȥƣȫʧݣһ֮侲ȴ΢΢ı
Ѿﵽ˼޵棬еôһ˿ʱ˳ұۣ˲ߣ
ָ˫ָָɫâ˲䱬
ɶ֮
ݵоâȻʢ
˲䣬һâȻָ֮Уֱָ񷡣˲Ϣ֮󣬻Ȼ䣬һ˿ŹֵġɶĺȻݵΣģ
һɴı塭ѾЩ壬Ǳ֮ȴļȻһᡭ漴Ȼ֮䣬Ѿ˱һͷ
ⱡҲʮ׶ѣݼšݣȻûܹ򣬳¹֮Уббĵȥ
˰⣬һ±֮ϵԣʱȴǴסˡݵƺΣУȴûһ˿ϲɫȴ¶ŨŨĶ⣡
֮⡭Ȼ֮⣿СӣСӾȻڵھŲʱ򣬱͸֮⣿
Խšȭͷ¶һ˿
ҲһҲһ
ͻȻһͻȻ͵̧ͷֻĺһ죬壬һŨĽɫâ
죡죡Եкγ϶ĸף֮ǰ֮⡯ʮȥˣ׶ѾʮˣǱǷĶӣȻҲ֮ǰˡ֮⡯ΪʲôΪʲô
Էֱָ񷣬޴˵ĻصԨϿգԣһͷ˵Ұޣţ֮ϹһŤ


127 
á֮ԣŽĻָƽĿ⸴ӵ˸ţȻݵƺ
Ԩ֮֪һȥֻҲҪҵıΣο˺
֮ԵǣͻȻһ˿Цݣ૵ʲôϵأ㣬Ķӣ󣬲ıô٣ٺ١
ͻȻһЦĺЦ˷ĴЦЦʯصԨ֮ϡԵΣһ⣬Яһ·ЦϿ֮⣬Ӷȥ

Ͽȶľ壬߾һֱ̲񷣡һɫֲ·ǽȫƶϡ
ЩģȴϸСģȴĴָСѩ串ǣȴ°Ȼ⡣
Щƺ֮̽ӣ£֪

£ݲǵһȥʱÿ޼ҺɽУϾ֮࣬ϲ䵴䣬˴һΡ
˴ƺ嶸˼Ϊ̵ӡ
ʱĿ˴룬ԼĪǧҡҪȥʱʵȻǲܡԣ֮󣬱Ҳû
ȻͬƤҩһĸʱ֪˴˴޿ӡ
Եʵ̫ǿˡԶԼ̫ţͬʱԵȷĻݿһӲӲ֮󣬱ҪԷ¡Ȼʹáɶ֮
Ȼչֳǿ֮ʹáɶ֮뷨Ǳϴ
ˡһǿһĹȻһƤëҲû˵ݿԶ϶ʹˡɶ֮˶Էɱ
ԣڵӵĵı֮ϵѡ˳ˡ
ݲòϡСԡ
û뵽ԷȻһֹŹֵ׷ٷʽƿټû뵽ٶȣȻҲǼ졣
һ䡣
ݴײҲԵ׷ԡ˴ۡ
ײʹ֮󣬱ƴʸҲѾʧȥ̫࣬ʹáɶ֮Ȼ޷־ã֮ɢһյǲԵĶ֡
֮£ֻ뵽
ԹȻǿƣϾܷɣ˴ǧ׵ľڣ˵֮һĿҲûеľء
Ƕ˵пܣ
ݵײԳϢϢʱ䣬壬ڿӹ߰׵ľ룡ȻⲢǷɣӹ
˴ǧ׾룬ݿԽԵһסԽԼĵʹײٶ߰סԽһ˿ʹóġɶ֮ʮסʱǾ壬ٶס
ǣ
ҲǴӸߴʹ䣬һб£
ɽԽ·Խ֣ǳʶӸߴб׳ȥ壬ƽ׵ĸԶҲǳʶ
ԣаٷ֮ʮϵİգԼ༸ʮңܴ
״̬ȻѾ͸ˡǿȱϾڣ
ھŲߵ壬ѾļΪʵͨˣȶûа취Ტۣ
ֻҪǿԼʣͷץסĻܻȥ
Ȼۡ˵ɹȻʵʧ˵Ļˤ
ǣѾѡ񣬼һͷձȻҲǱ׷ϣȻɱٻһ
һ˵ûҲһǰС˵Ǻܶ඼дô̶֦˰ʲôġ֮һġ
·ͱڣʵʵʯ塪ԸˤҲɱ
Ϊ˵㣬ɱҡ
ԣˣҰռƻ֮еˣҡ
ɹˣ
֮ϣƺ֮¼ʮ׵ĵطɽ壬ͬҲΪٵһ֮̽ǰʱһӰץס˼һʹԼϵ
״̬ЩҲ̶áֱ֮ϣ֮ϣϣǻ˵ѪۣȻҧݣɫ԰ףǽϵá
ȫϵ֮ȴ·þеֱһˣȻ½漴ϵϵ˿СԼȴ˻ԡ

ʱۣ̫ڻȥȻ֦ͷ
ȻһƬѩ֮£ɫ¹֮УҲ߳һ˿˵ĺ⡭
Ǳѵġ
еǡϫʾǱȻǱͻıѡƣԼĶӻ
ԺХĺ磬·ǺѩͷȲλ˳뱳һĵ⡣̲ס΢һ¡
촽ΪѾѡȻȿ֮¿С죬˭촽ѡ
ǿĶ˶ָͷһ۵ĸоǴӹؽڴ˹ƿѵ˿ڣڱ֮£͸һɹɵԡԣڲͣĳؿӡʵϣ˫ȣ˫֣ѾʼȫҲ֪ԵִʱҲʱ
̧ͷ˿ܵĻΧǴǴ֮̽ȥͬһ˲ٴ󶴵ɫ
Ǳһ˰֮С壬ſĺХ΢΢Ļεѡ
壬һ׿ĵط
Ҫǻȫʢʱڣ׵ľ룬ֻһͿԵִȻ״¡һף֮ľ롭
һһڿˮʱķ紵Щȱˮҿ˿ŤͷԼͷѩ
ڼҺȴδж١ڵ˵ȴǺҪ
ļͷѩܹĶֽǰһ֦ϵĻѩ˿֮΢ָһȻһ΢գԼڡ
ڵǳ⣬üΪһٶĴﵽܵļ£ѾЩˡȻûиõİ취ֻʱǷĶˡ
Ŭ֮һ˿˿Ų鲻Ըݵɫ΢ÿһЩ
ͻϣ¾˺̫أµҲܵ˲£Ǻ첻Ӧصزˡ
Ѷģһ˿ݵĲ£һѭߵǡϫһļҪߵھŲ㳱ϫ·ߡɳɸʬˣ˵׼ûꡭ
߹֮ϵĺ䵹΢Щһ㡭ǣҲֻһ㡣
ٶȣһظжֻ¾ѾȶˡݵüͷΣЩΣ˰
˸šȻļȻһɳɳĦ֮ȴͻȻ߲Զ֮ϴ˹Ϊ
ݵ΢һĿ⣬Ǵȥ
һ˫ɺɫ˫ĿĶ


128 
¹֮£һͨŰ״·ľȻӳݵ
ֻжʮ׳ˮͰϸɫһ֮ϣѶУֲڵĸƤĦɳɳϸ΢졣һںɫ²ݣһ˻˻ͷ죬һ˫ɺ˫ͫȴ˸ײеĹĶű˿еݡ
ͷƤʱ飬ʱһ
ʣȻһͷޡ˵⡰ʮɽĿ㼫࣬һЩɽ֮ڣȻһЩ޲С
ʣ壬֡ɽ֡˴һЩޣ˿þϡ档
ȫʢʱڣͷޣݶȻûк֮ȻڣУȣܵ˼ΪصĴˣڵֻϸϸһ˿ѡǰߣȻѾע⵽˵Ϊġ
ڶ첻ӦöôұڡϪϣٽĩʱҲټ޵ӰӡѩƮȻһֻҪߵޣ
ݵĶͷʱһϸܵ亹
ô죿ѵ߸ɣ
ߣҧأͷȴǿٵת
ڴ˴˼νͷߡߣȴȻһһѶһ˫ɺ˫ĿεĶݣͬһӣ²ϡʱȻԣ׵ĵط
ѾܹԷͷ֮һһϸܹƤ·ˡ
ȫѾо䣬ֻһɹԣ𡭡ԣҲδ˿־ĸо
֪ٽȴܷſܣָܶоǡ
ڴʱһͻȻһӶɫͻȻһ㶣֮϶ʱӿһ˿ϲ֮ɫ֣ʱǳԼĻ̽ȥ
ǧҪˡ
ţڻһȦʱһԲСɫʱһϲȴ˿æ˳
һŻƲӲӵʱС
ʱߣѾ׼ݷˡµļȻţ˲䣬ǳſͷ­΢лȣź΢΢һ
ڴʱסֵۣǽеĻƲӲӵ˿
̼䣬һŨµζʱ˿
Ǵ쳽ϵõġα鵤
ŨͷҲһһڿˮȻʹǱ֮ؼ֮пڡα鵤鵤֪ǶɢһŨܵζҲǿζסޣ֮ɡ
Ȼȴû뵽Ȼ㵽ֵز̲סҪһڽ̵ˡ
ţȻȴ˿ұ
֮ѪҺѾ̣޷⡰α鵤գ⡰α鵤ͬʱַ͵һҧʱҧһӡѪǷɿα鵤֮һĨ
˲䣬ԭӨ׾ͬһġα鵤ڣʱתݵһѪ̼䣬뵽ǡα鵤֮СӾӨ׾ɫʱ˺ɫˮһɫȥ֮
ߣݸո顰α鵤ʱ͵һ٣ҪչĹʱͣһ˫ĿĶǡα鵤ֻޱܣȴǵܵĸоǶӦǼΪóԵĶ֪Ϊʲôܸоζ˵һЩʲô
Ȼǡα鵤ĨϵѪ֮󣬴ߵһ˫ĿʱȻɴṴ֮̃ɫʱ˳
֪α鵤һѪ֮󣬶ʱͻ޹ɾջ󡣹ʶһĨѪ֮󣬱ǽ֮ǰһ֮Զ֦֮ϣ˫֣ȴǻԼǰĿ⣬Ŀͷޡ
Ȼջ߿ԵģݸոջסؿڣǴߣǵһϮ
ݽҧأѾܵһײ׼
ȻϵǣС죬ȴӲǽ֦ϵļСġα鵤ȥȻǵһͷٶȿ磬ȴҲδжٵĻζ
־޴ķõ΢һ㶡
漴ǻعԷԡα鵤ĿģȻΪιˡΪˡٿ
ݺԼϪϣǽ֮ӡȫļΪ˷ֹпбꡡ졭
ݵ˫ֿٵǰһЩֵӡǣһ˿˿ߣʱָ֮ӿָơԽԽ죬ԽԽ죡ֻܿһ˫ɫӰǰͣĽ
Ǵˡα鵤֮ȴ¶ɫһʱ䣬ȻûзݵĶȻʵˣҲʲô˼
ĳһ̡

һȣȻݵĿ³
еĺɫ˿ߣȴ˲䣬һѪâȻֶҡͷԳѵĴ߶ͷݺӡȥ
ߣû˿ķӦâӡĶͷ֮ϣ
˻
ͻȻ˫Ŀ͵İᶯһ塣Ȼֻ΢һֹ֮ͣԭײеɺ˫Ŀʱ˴֮ɫ
Ķͷ֮ϣһӵѪɫӡǣ֡
ۣ
ʱȴͻȻ̲סһѪͲ԰׵˼µɫǲ԰˼֣һ˫Ҳ˲Ȼ˼֡
⡮֮Ҫһ˿ķ򣬶ԾȴǼ󡭡Ǿ壬ԽǿȻҲԼΪǿʢˣǿʹ⡮֮ȴǴҵľˡ
˼ɫԽĲ԰סԼ֮䣬ѾһҰɫ
Уȥҷɵġ
ǿһŹӡǣĿ⿴˴ߣмңĳѨ
Ȼֻм򵥵ǣ⡰֮ȴֱӶԶԷʶ´ȼ򵥵ģܹ⡣
һ˿µĺâ˴ͷĸѪɫӡ֮СӡǶʱâһʢɺ˫ͫʱ΢ָһ鶯
תӣϸβ˰֮ϣǳž巽߶ȥ
ʮ׳ӣжһ֮£ɵɫ㶼ʧִֻݵҲŲʣֱӾߡ
ڣֻáԡ죬ϵʱϡβͣݣֱӳž֮˹ȥ
֮䣬Ǵ߿ɲܲܵˡѾ˵Ѫǣȴֲܻԡ
Ϊݺԣζţ
ڣûйϵʱ䣬ߣѾݴ˾֮ϡȻŲھ֮ϵĴ׳ߣžһߣ߶ȥ


129 ëѪ
˳ŲƶϵĴִ߲δ߶ãһݵ±֮С
ⰼݵ±ڶڴ˵Ȼ̫СȻ˵˴ȴһɹڷĺþӵ㡣
±ڵڲ࣬һ׸ߣȴΪСĶȻ˴ǴߵĳѨ
ûͣ٣ǳС֮߶ȥβͼ붴ʱͻȻһҧٶһӡһ˿âʱС档

Ŀڡ
ߵӶʱһȻϸβ˿ݣҲǵ㰼±֮С
µأһµأԴһѣȫڣòԵļ֮÷΢ӲһЩ
ȴ˲Щĵܵ˰±ڷһ䣬±ڣɫ԰׵ļٴϢ֮ŵԼĺ漴һҧȴٶһӡǣһ˿âС
ɱͷͻ
ݵĻأͷߵӣʱȥδеȶã˳޴ͷ̽˳һ˫ɺ֮дһ˿͵ۿһ֮󣬱һ֮󣬱ûΡ
ʧ֮һƨ˵ϣҵĴϢţ֪Լʱȫˡ
ұ뾡Ļָƣˡ
һΣصһΡڵľ𣬷θҲܵشײʹõ֮һΡɶ֮ЩǼΪĹ
ֵ֮£ֱ֮ϵƴĿġƽʱҲˣ¡Сʱ䣬ѪҺʧ硣ҲҿǶ죬ѪҺٶȱȽϿ졭죬ֻѾΪѪҺʧ
̽绳УһȴӳһСľСҧľеĸӸ򿪣ʢŴеɫ͸ճ
뿪ϪʱҪĸҩǵһƵ֡
ҧݽԼֱ֮Ѿ˺һɺѪҺ˿ڸʹ˶΢ҧȴǲһ
ЩɺԵѪҺȥǽˣʵȴǲȻȾʲôҲ˵ϸ΢Ѫȴǻһֱԣܷβܡ
ֽҩĨԼ˿֮ϣһĸоǸԭ˿ڡѪҲǽֹ
ݻ˲ٵʱ䣬Լֱϣϣϣ֮ϵ˿ڶһ֮ľе͸ҩѾ
ҺԼ׼ѪԼȥ
һЩݵĶͷ΢ðһЩ麹
ϪϣܵȻˣֻθҩѾѰȬֻһЩĺۼֹѪЧȻȲƷ׵ҩҲȷǲˡ
ֺЦġֹѪҩ鷳
ϧҵʱֻ⡮ֹѪҩȴδ׼һЩѪҩˣÿС
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Ȼѣұ򡭡˵Ǻ䣬ͿҪԼˡ
һ࣬ȻǹǺһ쫷磬ݹһȻܸоżϯⰼ±֮еǹ͸ǵĺ⡣
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һıȥ
Ҵӡϫһ֮УӦûǿһЩ
ţ񣬽֮С
ʱĺܿ죬ݶһϸ΢ġɳɳʱǶʱ
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ߵĿУֻѾ͸˵ĺӡϸβҲֻ͸ĺӡ
ȻݸǰԶֽβƻֻӶԷݵĸǰȻղŻ΢ָһЩ鶯Ŀ⣬ֱĴ
ݾĿţ漴̾һα鵤ҩ̫Եȫǿҩ޵ǸǣӶ衮֮ʵֲٿ޵ĿġЧȻǱ׶ͬԡƵ鶯ȫʧֻᰴշԸ򵥵İһЩ顣ͬȵҩЧ޵ǱǻָһԲ߼Ϊӡ
ݵĿ΢תһ£漴̾һ૵Ҫǲǡα鵤öã
״ȷ͸ˡһͷ޻ţ漸ʽ
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Сʱʱ䣬ܿҪȥˡҲ˵ͷߣϱҪĲٿءڵ״̬ͷ߾վŲҲûаֵİ취
˵Լײ±ɱô壬ȻҲǿһܲײֻµµʯ飬ҪȰˡ
ɱ⵹Ǻ÷·Ȼߵ̫һԳܡ֮»жԶ룿ˣܲҲ˵
ǣߣǸǶʱըָǵĵһ£¾ǽݸ̵
ң˴ĳѨȥԶˣҲȻԼһͷߵڵ״̬Ҳ߲±ڡ
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ڣȴòʳЩҰ޵ʬ塭֪ԼѾ壬ָܻһЩɺƳ⣬ֻ½ɻ
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ʳֶȽϿ¡ĳ˽ȥ֮󣬲Żоеζ
׽źƤë֮·۵⣬ŨѪζ֮Уȴһ˵ĸȴǲڸǡӵʽܣľ߽ͷһ֮󣬷Ǹоζ
ʳ壬Ҳʱ͸оһ˿ů⻺Ĵӵ
ʵǿʼһеĸŻܸΪ
һ֮ݸоѾˣɿ֡ΧѪֵĨ


130 ͷݣ߸
һ˿ůĸоʱ¸΢΢ڣģߵ֫ݸоԼһͻȻо˼֡
³һĵĻص˸ղڵĽ䡣ŤͷĿ⣬ȴǿߡ
ô
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û취ֻܿˡ
֮ݲŻ³һӹһ˿ϣָӡһʱһĨâ˴ߵĶͷǵӵӡǣǶʱһ˿Ѫɫâ
ȥ
һָ£Ŀڡ
Ǵһֱŵʱ΢תһ£û˿ԥһֱ̽ӳߵȥ
α鵤Ч֮Եɼһߡ
Ȼȴüͷ¡
·ܶ࡭ĿԿ²һ㡣ȵָǣٴұҪĻָʵ
ݸоΣ
֮ǰáα鵤ٿضԷȻڣΨһġα鵤ѾģûаֵıǮ
һݽҵͷһһ⣬񣬿ʼָ
գϪϣ쳽һս֮ҲܵصơȻ֮õڰ˲ġϫԼԼģſšϫˮԵԣԼȫָУ˶೤ʱ䣬ȴǲ̫ˡ
ǽ죬Ʊ֮Ҫ˲֪١дǱڵвڲ࣬ȻȫĵĽԼȫˡ
֮ҪĻָеĸȵָĵ֮£ҲȬ
ͷݵԺ֮һӶ£ʼ˻ָ
ڵ֮ǰǶݵĻָ֮УѾ׳˼֡ȻȫʢʱڱȽһ˿㲻ϡΨһģֻһ˿ˡ
һ㳱ϫڶ㳱ϫ㡭
ɵͼߵ
ڵҲ֮Уš
ȻʱҲȻš

׵ľ֮ϡһߣסǺ֮С
ɺɫ˫ĿһֱţҲǲͣšȻϸĻȴܹ֮еĴ͡
ݵĵ鷢ˡ·һȻҩЧûйȥ

ڴʱһ֮ͻ֮ϴ漴ֻӸ߸ߵ֮ϣһͷ޴͵ķޣȴȻ֮Ȼ£
һ˫Ȼֱֱ࣬Ĵ͸ľףǧ׵ľ룬ֱֱŷƺ£
УȻõ֮еݻȻѣѾ˼׼ᱻԲδȫ״̬һУǵ߻ħɡ
۵һ˲䣬ǿһɿ޴ĺӰȻĸǰһ¡
ʲô
ͷʱһ˲ϵƣæ±ڿԾȥ漴¿ȥ
ƺ֮Уֻܿһ޴ĺӰֱֱ˸ĵطȻȥʲôˣȴǰҲƲС
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ɫѾ¸ͷݣǧ׵ĸ߿֮ϣȻǿƺ֮еһߣ⣬ʲô
ţ֮ϵĲͽȻ֮ӵľ
ʱһͷ΢һʱ䣬лȻӣʱǡǡα鵤ҩЧȥʱ䡭ǴӦǿʼˡ
в²⣬Ȼ̽ĿȥȴȻֻһƬƺȴʲôҲҲֻв²⡣
־ҵĲ˺ܳһʱ֮󡭡

һ֮ͷһ֪սѾˡ·ӣĿ͵͵ĳ·ȥ
ӮˡĻǴ߻ȴҪùˡ
ŵʱļȻֻһ޴ޱȵĺɫӰǺȻ·
ô󣡡
ղȥʱֻһӡȻٷȴһУ
ȡ񡯣ҲҪֹ
˫չֻаףһЩ΢ᣬʱǰ׵ľ롣¶ϣҲֻܿһʱ䣬޴ķޣѾֱʣ
һצ֮£һʮ׳ľߣıץסȫȻ޷֣
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⡮ʮɽƽȷ̫Щ˴޼ҸۡԶ޳֡ڸֻ¸ࡣ
̧ͷգüͷ΢塣ȻƬ֮ŵվ
Ҳãһҵǿ԰ĵˡ
ţĿ΢ɨܣ漴Ŀⶢǰߵ߶֮С
ղɱͷȻ֮󣬱ִ³ˡɴ˿ɼ棬ûбˡ
š
α鵤ݵޣȫʧȥǣԡֻᰴղߵ¡ޣǲߵĺᱻɱȻϳ
֮ȴǾ档
滹̫ΣգһһͷʲôޣԼУŵ棬˵ҪȫһЩ
ţֿ˿ߵһѺʬ塣ڵһҲ
֮£ֻýЩʬͷǳŶȥ
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֪ۡҺߵӼ֣浹ûҪſڵϲȥĵطȻš
ⶴйģ֪ף
һ֮пⶴ֮ȴͻȻһֻΪǰһ˿ɫ⣬͸˳
⣿˴ô⣿
ɻգһ۾üͷ
΢ԥǾȥ
ղŴֳȥôͱطûϵΣգֻҪԼСһЩҲڳʲôġ
ݶ϶ǽ˸ȻתȥġΪ̫Դô壬ȻôСĵطͷˡ
ֻҪûлʲôΣݶԼ׵С
뷨ݳǰȥʱǰɫ⣬Խ
Ȼ󣬻Ȼʡ
һտ֮ľ޴ɽݵǰݵĿ⣬ڽɽһ˲䣬Ǵס۾ĳǸ֮ϣҲֳһ˵Ĵ֮ɫ


131 ɽ̶
ǰĵطһ޴̶ӡ̶ˮģɼˣһϸϸıȴǻ̶֮ϣƣȥмƮ֮
̶֮һ侧ɫšƬҶǹһĽĺŵĻΧСÿһƬҶӣԶǾɫһ㾧Ө͸Σɷǿɰ
׵Ķһ۹©ԽϣԽϸСڶģҲ̶֮һԼĪͷС
ⶴ·ǹᴩɽȥΪ䡣
ݴ͵ԭǡͷС֮УһɫĹâֱֱĴӶ̽ͬΪɫĻӨ͸ĻžɫĹâܱߵľƬҶͬҲǷ˾ɫĹ
Ϊɽȫһ㾧ɫĹâ֮Уۼֻ˸оһɫξ
֮󣬲ųһ
û뵽ǴߵĳѨУȻȵ֮ء
ɫ͹ߣӳݵϣõ˶ǱȾһɫ
ݴĿһ̶漴ȴ̧ͷɽ֮Уȴ¶һ˿ɻ
˴ɽ֮УҴʱҹߵɫǾɫ¹⡭ôĹԴʲô
ݺ̧ͷ˼ƺҪǹ߾ô¡
һֱߵ̶Եͣ½Ų̧ͷһȴƺʲôһüͷֵͷ˸ǰ̶
̶ı棬Ȼһϸϸı̶ܿΡ̶ˮƺ
֪ǡ
Ȼֹ
ݶӣֹ̽ȥ·Ҫһ̶ȻָӴ̶һ˲䣬ȴļȻֹס
Ŀ⣬ԲԶĵطһһԵĸоʱ˳űֱֱ͸ͷƤ֮ϡ
߲׵ĵطһߣĶ
ߵ弫֮ߣҪϼ֡ϵ·ķֱߣӦߣͬһࡣ
ߵȫѾһ㾧ɫıȥһıһ㡭ѹָղûע⵽ֻΪ壬ȫǾɫѾɽ֮˸ŵľɫâΪһ塣δݣȻûз֡
ȻģΪһ˱ʬΪԷһӣ΢΢ĽӴˮ֮ϣ
ǵģֻ΢΢ĽӴӣֻǽӴˮ֮ϣһҲ̽룡
ƹĿ⣬Լָ֡Ӵ̶ˮ棬в빫ֵľ롭
ݣջ֣վӡ
ǿʬֻڡҲѾ˰ɣ
˸һڿˮڸղţ֮䣬һ
ߣ֮ΪȻȥƽıӡ˵һ˲䡪ļⶼ˲䣬ͷβ˲⣡
ӣȴˮ֮ϡһ֣Ҳһ֡ĳߵ̶ԱߣҪˮȴӽӴˮһ˲䣬һɼĺ⣬˲ϯȫȫʱΡ
ʲô
ݣͷƤ΢顣
СϫѾﵽ˵ھŲڵĳ̶ȡҪĳҲǴӽӴ㿪ʼȻ˲ӶҲ˵м䣬һʱġңԷ̫Ӵ󡭡ǰߣݸûа취֮ȫסġǱסˣҲȡҪԷ˲
Ȼ̶
ݿţ֮³һ
Ⱥ⣬ֻӿľκˣҲҪ̼䶳ɱɣ
漴ݵĿ⣬ȴǿ̶Ĵ㿴֮ݲ૵ȱ֮УȻֲ֮䣬Ȼ治С
ֿһ֮ȴһ߻ص˸ղŽĶڴ
ЩҷһߡȻָһ£;Ȼָ֮оһ
һƽ̹ĵط֮һ
ղųһЩָЩڵȴδжĺת
Ѿͷ޴ķ޸ȥȻѶ˴ǰǴߵľס֮ʱ˵ӦǱȽϰȫġڳᣬȴҪĻָԼʵЩٷȥֻվɻ
ţ񣬲Լڸոջָ˵һ˿ת
ʱƣݵϣĸһ㾧ɫģɽ֮еľ֮ɫΪһ塭

ʱţ̫ıԾɽͷëѩȻƮƮ
޸֮С
磬ֻҪ޸ܱߵˣԶһҵıըĳűը㼯ʱȴǱ޼ҳ֮һ֧װ
⡰롰޼ҵĻ顣ֱֻӵų֡ҪְǶڡ쵼ߣԣҪְǶѡ
ΣһЩ֪ʿѾһЩ²⡭Ҫݳˡ
ĶԹ޼ң˵˭֪ΪΨһӣڵֻһϲȻǲ⡣ȻѾ¶ҪԸҲڲ˵֮еġ
ͥԺ֮ǵȾҵıըʱ˶Ϊ֮һʵֻ¾ǵֳǰ򵥣
ѵȻǼ̳׵ʣʮ꣬Ѿڰ˲ڵ˶Կ
˵ʱѾЩľĲ²⡣
Ȼһҵıը֮Եһ䡰ú֮ʱȴõ˶Ǵ͵
ˣƺǰˣңһˣ
˶ǵһ֪ݿɲʮѰʮܹ꣬˵ڰ˲ڵôﵽʲô̶ȣѵȻѾﵽڰ˲ϲɣǣһʣ
һ磬˵Ĳ¶֮жȹ
һ磬Ϣˡ
ݴͥԺ˫ն£˫ĿڳȴǱү׷ɽˣ
ʲô˫ȱն˫Ŀڣݱˣ
ţղ·ҽҽʦ֣̽ġ˫ȱضϣ˫ĿڣѾȫһˡݱɱ£ҽʦүԼ׿˵ģ
ţ޼ҵЩūᵽһ¡˵ԭȻǴү˽ӣ
ʲôȻǴү˽ӣѹ֡ѹ޼ȥ껹ҽݸˡԭôһڡ


132 
˵ΪҪɱԺ䣬˰ĪǾΪ˱ȥһ֮𣿡ɻʵ
ǡǰͻȻݵġԺСŴŮ˫۶ϣ˫ĿڳǽݵĹܼҲ۶һۣȡһۡݸջظУΣűŭɱۡġ֪ϸ˵
⣬ΪΣ
ͲˡүӦѲ˸ϵġ򣬡ô֮ۡ⣬ֹκ˿أ
Žռλϲ֪ԵȴǾԳˡүݣǽɱӣ޼Ҫ˰
ĵ̾˳


޼ĵλãһµԺ䡣ûֱͨţ֮⣬ߴ͵Ļվ࣬ߣ̵ʨͦض˫Ŀֱָ񷣬һ֮УʱȻ
֮ϣ顰Ժ֡ԾһɿĿһ
ƾ֣ɿд֮˵Ĺףǣ
Ժ䣬޼дĳͬʱҲ޼壬ס֮
Ժڣ֮С
Ĵ֮УѾվˡ
ʨۣһ߾λߣ޼ҵĵϡ
޼ҹʮλϣڼ֮еλ֮⣬λϣϯ
࣬վ޼ҵڶڶϵˣ˫֣첩ȵȣԼĪжʮҡ
ڴм䣬ԣ˵ءȻĿޱϲӭŭĿ⣬ȴΡȻ֮š
һƬžϸ΢ĺҲûСأģ˷ѹ֡
۵ĶΡȻŵԣ֮е֣ѾšĽ΢΢һ˿֮ɫ
֮۲ųһ΢۾ϵŻĴ˴֮еļž
˵ݣʵ๼ˣ
ԵĮĵ˵ͷ޼ҵܹܣۺԵɣҲûʸɱڱס֮ʱȻʹɱ֣֮ѱڵֶҪ֮ʱҲҷҪֶɱȴ治֮ӣɱ֮Чȣ
ԵĻΧ޼ҵڶжӹ˼Źֵɫ͵͵һۡ漴ȴһͷû˵
ҷ֮κҲǲֶܴ֪ǷӣȻϧֶܼΣ縺άϵҷְϧȴҲ˼ҷǼֶвףְֶ֮ڽֶֶҲ޸Ҳ
˵ţԹ֣Ĭȥһǣû
ȻΧĵڶеɫȴǸΪŹˡ
վˣ˭֪Ե˽ӣĳӣϧںܾǰ˱ѾĶԹЩֵܵģ˲֪˲Уӵ䰵ɱݵ
ڣѾ´˰ɱ֮ˣȴһ˵ʲôҷϡ˵ʲô縺άϵҷְ𡱡˸оĶŹ֡
ǣ׹鿴ףȴû˵
ʵϣ֮ⷿУ˭ûпףλϣۣ
ǿײһСеʱһ㴰ֽüΪҪûͱƣôҲáһͱƣͱ˫˺ˡ
۸λӶ΢΢һ󿩿Ѿָ֮졭ֱһƽ֮ϵԺɱ֪Լܣ
Եĸǳ֮еĵʮϣλȨأʵԼڲ֮䡣һԸӣ޼ӵмΪĸ
£׵ڵʱļ֮ҲһǧɣȻºƾŬԼ˸ٶȻָǣȻӡ
ǳȵ׵ʱԸӣȴԭеһ֮ʮΪ׵ϵ۷ͥ⡣
ҲǴһԭһ޼ңֳϵ
ڵģΪ׵ġϵ֮ģΪףΪĵġϵԼ֮ǰȨ˫ƽмϵ
ϵ໥ƺ⡣Ȼͻģֻϵѡ
ۣϾļҪǵ⣬ȵ޼ңλ飬Ե˸࣡
۵¶һ˿Цһ㡪ңԸҪ
ۣ壬Уֱ򣬱Ҳȥµڣ
ԣҪ̡
գݣʵĲŭ
βŭܲŭ
ݣϾĵȻ̫ǣϾ۵
ΣɱȻµһ޼֮ѣһ޼ҷֱ
СĲСΪ޼ңȥʲȥҲʣ
ֻΪǼ
ȨͬҲһݳΣü峤棬üü岻ֱΣ
ΣҲǣǣĸУκһеļ˭˵Լ¶ƾԼϲŭ˭ıߣ޵ҧгݣŭŭڣҲҪ¶Цݣ
̣ΪһҪ߱ʡ
ǣһٷѵļ֮С
ԣһΣ֪̣
еļƻִ֮Уڣԣ˺Ƥʱ򡭡
ݶүү㱨ġģ
۵Уᶨૡ

۳³һ֮󣬿֮еȭͷɿ漴۾
ԭˡֶĺܶԡҷϣκҲ״֮Ҳ⡭ˣ½ҹ棬Ǳǡ̽һ֮°ɡ
۵ĻõӶ΢һ
ǡϵǡϵмϵˣ˵УǴ˼ӡȻûһ̾Ϣ֮С
ԣ֮ӹһ˿ĳ΢߻Լλá
Ȼ󣬡Ժ֮У˹ڽ֮
֮ȻҲֻ޼Ҵһʱ䡣Ȼٹһʱ֮󡭡飬ͻὥı
һ¼֮еܺŮ̴ССܹܡȴû˻⡣
⣬ʵ

ʱţܿģʱ䣬ȻŶ
ɽ֮УѾϥ졣Ѿһ㵭ľɫϾӳɽ֮ǾɫĹâǲע⿴Էֵġ
һ˿˿ɫ㣬ܡ
ĳһ̡һϸ΢Լġǡ֮ϵı֮ϡ˳


133 
ǡֻ֮ϵɫۿɼٶȣһ״ǳɫơʱȻȫ
һġ顱֮Уȫ飡
ֻá˻һ֮УϵľɫâȻʢЩϣȻƳƬľ壬ʱڿ΢һ١ݵľɫ֮ڲھɫ֮Уӿݵıǿ֮Сһѭ
֮춼й壬΢һ¡
ֻһʱһġǱ֮һЩؽ֮𡣶ֱӣתĶ֣ǡǱ֮Խܼ
֮ݣ˫ĿһĨʵľɫâ֮£һӶ
ҿ⡮ϫˮԹЧȷĻڽӡ
ݸӦһԼơ
󣬹ʶѾȬڸơȴЧǷѡؿһƵ΢ʹһüͷ漴ȴεҡҡͷ૵ϾҲܵġƣԵǷθƣȴֻҩ󣬷ܹȬʵҲǻָ߲㣬˱֮ˡ
ǵھŲڵʵ߲Ҳеڰ˲ڵ۷Բĳ̶ȡȷмֱ֮
٣ִߣҲǿ֮һս
ĿӹΧΧĻɣԶ̶֮УǶ京ŵȻεİǵŹֵɫâ֮УҫĹӳյɽȻһƬɫλù֮С֮ǰδжı仯
վΣ̶ȴЩ
ȻǼޡô壬һӴˮ棬Ǳ˲⡭ȻеǡϫڵʵȴǶȻסɱġ
ݵĿ⣬䵽̶ԵΧľΪһıߵʬȻ̶ֿĵöɫ
Ȼȱ֮غţȻҲǵ֮ԡײӹ棬ûժ¡ֻϣͬҲв̶ı֮ˣ¾ͻ֮ˡ
üͷƬ̧֮ͷͷ֮ϵ̽ɫ⻪
ΪŹֵġǴ˹ֹĪˡǺεأŹ⣬ֵʲô
ݺ浽˼¡ţȴǴһ춯һҵļжʱϯ
һ㵣૵ȥѰʳȻȥѰһǹŹԴͷǴӺζ
ţݱҲٳɣһǳԵС֮˳ȥ
ʱݹȫʧĿȻһƬڰȻ˶ȳȥȴǻָ߲ʵâ΢һǽΧĻӳյӡ
δֺķѶĹݱǳ˶ˡ
Ѿˡ
߶Ǵ±ڣĹߵʱȴǳһȻΪ˵ĸо
ջ̹ǵĺ磬˿ȴѾȫȻû˶Ӱ졣ֻǴϣ˵ĳ֮С
˼֮ݵĿ⣬һԵļͷʬϡȻȴ΢һ㶡
ֻǼߺʬ壬ѾֻʣһƤǣѪҺѾɺԣڵ̳ɫĹŹɫʳͷʬ˿֮ɫҲǱһǳɫӣѾɵӣ
˴Ȼܴ󣬵ҪߺʬɣȴҲһտɵġѵ˵һˣȻǻʱ䣿
΢ЩԾ뵽
ϪûʲôŲ֪Լ˵ļ졭Ϊʱ䲻ҲͲû⡣
ȻΣЩʬȴõĲǱɵĳ̶ȻһͿԴﵽġ
Ƭ֮ȴһҡͷп첻ԲȡѹϴΡˡΣ֮˵ļ⡮ϫȻĽ
ţҡҡͷҲͲ⣬ǺʬȥЩʬ֮󣬿ɾˡȻϣ˼ȳҪëѪҪ׽ܵĶࡣ
ݱߵ˵ԹͷʬǰֽƤ˿
ڣǴﵽһޣֻ֮ҧʵָ߲㣬Ȼ֮Ƥˡ
µʣڸвԴһЩζȴнͷ׽ʱԽбһɵζȵʳҪǿĶˡ
ԳθڣȻǴڴڵ˺ڣûëѪĸоˡ
ݵȷǶˣһͷһ˸ߵĺʬԵһȣδ¶Цݡ
һɵů⣬ʱǴӸΪ֮һ
֮ͻȻЩЩǵһĺʬ̷ⰼݵ±֮ϡ岻֪ʲôʱȥ׼һЩʳܱȺʳҪǿһЩ
Щ֮˰ݵľڱԵ̧ͷȴǿͷϡ
ΧǷƺããһƬ棬Ҳ·
ͷԼµΧȴֲ±ڵȴǡǿΪݵĽݡ
̣ѾúáΪѾҲΪǡһ˵ҪΪǣرƽ㣬Ҳάȫġ
վԭأа뵽
ɱ֮ۡǰź˵ġ
֪ԼȻѾ֣;޷޼ҡʵϣɣԼղɱͥԺҲķ֮ǰ۳֮ǰԼ׵Ĩɱ
⣬Ҳݷɱһء
ڸۡҪɱ˵׼һεĽ֮Уֻܵʲô˺ݲðա̶ѾΪ⸱ģΪܵʲô˺ĻԲԸġ
ԣԱԵơһԳһԼͷĶҲݱѡ
֮һʼͥԺ֮УֻҲԼһƽϡ
ȻϵԣϾʵڲ֮ġԵġϵҪȨλȻҪԼı¸档Ե޹ʱͶݳ֡˭ܿ϶̵һ۳׵׵ıƷ裬һСԣҲҪ۵ŭܳܵʲô̶ȡ
ӱƼһҧˡۣǱҪֲǧ򱶵Ĵڡ
ʶֱܽɱáϾԼѰԤҪ鷳һϣռһ֡ݱŭȴҲûʲô˵ġ
˵ʲô˵ݸۡһܼҺһŮ˲мΪռ
ɱˡҪˡȻ޼˵ֻһŮѡֻһССܼң


134 Ѱ
С޼ҸءҪӮˣȻʲô˵̴СΪ䱨Ȼ˭Ҳûʲô˵ġˣɱͬҲûܶ˵ʲôԼȥ˼ұѵ˻֣
ȻӲҪüҹ˵ô˵ôġֻһ仰ӣū͡ҪūūͲǴ治ʲôӶˡĻǻᱻ壬ǧ׷ɱĴ
ʵǡ˭ң˭˵˭˵ȥҪͷ
ūͣһõԡϵ֮£ţֻҪĶ۲޼ҶԹصû˸ϸߡ
ҹȻɭȻҲҪǿȥ֧š
ʮǰ¼۵һֱ𽥵ĻָԵġϵҲǳʮʱ䣬Ѿӵ޼ҵĸ֮СȻ˵ȫܿգһ˺Ƥƴɱǧ괫е޼ң˲Ҫɢ
⣬ҲһʼԸԶȥɱݵԭ
ʵУͬҲԸƴɱϾԷȻ൱м仹һͬСмϵ̫֣мϵ롰ϵϵҲԵֵġ
ݶֶ̫пᣬԣҲԳ֡
⣬ҲΪʲôͥԺ֮УһֱͷųֵҪԭ򡭡ʲôᱨ
ݼȻ뵽ԻԸȻҲ뵽Լ϶᲻жԷԶ޼ҡԣܲ·
ԣǰۡʱѾһ⣬ǰޱƵġ߸ȥˡ
ţޱƽӵ֮󣬱ȻὫٵġ
ȻޱֻǵֿȻǲ̫ܵġţޱƻȥĸסҲ˫Ѱӻ
˫ǰǶͷ׵ܵܣݻСӵʱҪ޼ңԵǰ֮ù̵ϡܼ޼ȥ
ʵں֮ǰ˫һʱ䡭ϧݵʵ̫ʧ֮޼ҵĸ۷˫֮£Ľݷ¡
⿴ȥЩ飬ʵһս޼˲ء޼¶ĳ޶Ѿﵽһ㡣żֽµļۣǴӰ졭˵ˡ
˫ʱǶŶѹŽݱ¡
ɴ˿ɼ˫֮ˡ´˵ֻǾ֮֮͡ԱƣҪԭϡݣۿһС˼С
Ѿ˵ǲȥҴ̵鷳ˡ֮԰һݺµڷ֮£ô̵˳
˫ıӡԸȻҪյġ

޼һûдﵽ֮ǰʱȥˡ
ݿŷݵƺ֮Уȴ˸ŵĺ⡣
Եı󣬻ĸסǼ峤ϣǿߡԶ޷սʤ˵ǿ顭ȥԼ봺ٶվȡѡ
ݱۣһģȭͷš
ԡݣˡ
˵ţ̴ɲзϣܼ˲зϡǺεȳ裿
űȴͬ׷ɱͬɥ֮Ȯðⷭƺ֮Уܹ죬Ǻεȵң
ЩǳޣޣҪѪϴ
ݽҧأƽȴǰӿڡ
ڵȷǵĶ֡ǣһšֻҪһţ𣬱Ҫ裬ҪϴǣҵŰɡ
֮ݲų³һһݿ̹ĵĳޣͷ𽥵Ļָ
ٶ̧ͷһ۱Ƶľ壬ȴ΢
ɽ֮еĹԴʵŹֵĺܡȴǲ֪Եζ
һ֮ݱ㲻ٳɡҿ˿һζʱǳžԾȥֱһʱץסһض۴ϸ˳Źһ˦ζʱǰθףȵվһشȴϸ֮ϡ
ɽĶ˵а࡭ҵҪȥô¡
ţݵٶȼӿ죬ǳϷͣԾȥ

ž±ڣѶϣͬһת¥ݡΧǰããƺòɢɫһĳƺ֮̽죬һ鲻ɫаʧ㣬ʱҪޱ֮Уһǡ
Ȼָ߲ʵתŲ֮䣬ýҲֻ˵áƽءݣҲ˿
ʱݵΣȻԾ˰ҵľ롣
̫ǳݵĸǰһƬȻѾĸǷΧˡ
һش׳֮վΣüž֮ȥ
͸Ƶֻǰ絶һ֮ҲûУĪ˵ǽɽͨ
ݲδʧѲһ֮ûʲô̧֣ͷҵѲһ
Ѿ֮УĿķΧҲǼΪ㡣һۿȥ׷Χ֮ڵ±ڣԶӳݵ
Ȼûʲô֡
ջĿ⣬ݵݲδʲô仯һΣɽҲӶȥ
Ƶľ֮֮Ųʱٶһ֮ϣͣ˽Ų
Ŀ⣬ٶȳž֮ϿȥȻûʲô֡Ȼٶƶӡ
Զͬһֱ̣ʵֱȴǲСҪ±֮Ѱҵ߶ڵɽͨȷʲô׵¡
ѰңԼĪ˰СʱңѾƵ˾һࡣ
һģʮ׸ߵһ֮󣬷һ֮ݶʱɫһϲԾȥȥ֮ȴŷֻ֣һݵ±ڶѣδʲôͨɽͨ
ǡ
΢Щʧҡҡͷ漴ԾΣٶȻص˸ղԾȥλãѰ
ݶǹԴ浽˼㣬ȻѰȽȴȻʮ㡭
һһѰšżᷢһݵ±ڣȴ඼ֻ±ϵһ㰼֮ضѣδʲôͨɽͨżһЩһȭССƺɽ֮С̫СǷ֣Ҳá
ݲδ֮ʱѾƵ˾һת֮Ҫƹȥһ֨֨ȴ±һഫ˹


135 Ⱥ
ţ
һ㶣¶ʱֹסվһ֮ϣȥ
ƺǡӣ
һ֮жʱȻ߸ȥģǺӵʬôӣȺľۼأ߰
֮ݻǴȿ˵Щ̫Ӵ󣬶ҵȽĸߵĻǲҪǡ
ȺޣǷǳµĴڡ
£ݲСࡣԾΪ飬ż֮ϣ˿ҲδʱǴµĹս֮
һ֮ΣСĵ̽׳ȥš֨֨ķ˹ȥ
Ǳߣ׿ȵɫ֮ϣĶ˺ӵӰݲ²һ˴ǵݴߴֺӵľۼ֮ء
ֻЩ֮ԾϷżͷ໥һֻ²׵ľ֮βͣʱƵ·֮ϣסΣ絴ǧһһָ֫һָʱץס棬조ֱ֨֨С鶯Ŀɿڴ
˵֮ϵǡƽءĻЩЩ֮ϡ衱ˡ
ô
ֻһۣʱǱһһۿȥ˴Ⱥֻϡ߰ݣòһ
ڵĹսǴǡһȽܼڵʶȺӣûзݡ
ȥȽ׵ǲߡ
ϸ۲һ󣬷ЩȻĶԾȥļΪ鶯ǹ֮вδжɱЩӵ۾ͨһɺɫĻҺɫȥǸߵȽ׵ޡ
Ҳܴ⡭ӵ̫ЩûбҪǲҪǵĺá
ţݵĿȴǳž֮ϿȥȻλζȴǳϷԾȥ
ǺȻˣǵľۼشĸ߶ȡµǼΪϡ١ֻΪļֻɨץϵļ档֮Ϊïܣ֮ܣֻСһЩǲ֡
䣬ݵκܿıѾܵʮҵĸߴһΡٶȺܿ죬Ϊᣬ·ĺӣûз
ΧڵɵĳźȺλõϷȥ
ʱȻ˺ȺϷĶᣬڵʶûкӷ
һۺȺ֮Ťͷǳ±ڷȥĿΪѰǿܴڵͨɽͨڴ˴ûз֣ô͸Ͻ뿪ɡȻȺȥǸ߽ޡ̫Ӵ󡣼ԼҲδȬаղúȺԼҲðա
ţ
ȻͷźȺԷ±֮Ͽһ֮ȴʱһ漴۾ʱ
ֻʮסҲǺȺǸ߶ȵλãһ޴±ڶӡ
Ӹߴ¿ǶǳȻʮ׿ԲС
ѵĶһɽͨ
Уʱ뵽
ɽ֮пĹԴΪ棬ƾֱ֪ǾѰ֮
ҪʵʱΣ˵ȻҲҪ̽һ̽ġһô֮գǰˣ
ȻΪĿǰΪֵֹпӵͨɽͨˡ
Ȼȴüͷ˴̫ˡóȻȥȻᾪǡȻǲʲô߽ޣһһǣô죿
Ҫ֪ɲʲôƽԭشһԣһײͿ˴ڸǧ׵ľİɽϣǷʲôһײֻ֮ٳ֣ǹƺ֮ˡǸʱֻǿ޶ûˡ
ܽЩӸأ
üͷ΢ĿⶢЩĻɣ򵹹֮ɹ̫ĺǡ
̫࡭ƺûʲô취
˺üıȫΪӵ̫࣬Ҵ˴ζ̫
ѵҪ
Щʵš

Ȼڴʱһ֮ļȻֻԸ߿֮ը졣ݵĳ˼̼䱻ϣ͵̧ͷȥ
ֻһ˲Ĺһ޴ĺӰļȻ֮䣬ȫڵѹѹһƬֱ£
յķޣ
ͷʱһ¸룬һֱһʱΧļȫԼĸǰŵΣԼθڵסֻ¶һֻ۾Ƿݡ
ǧ򡭡Ҫ߿
а
Ǽǵ޵һֲֿںҹǧ׸߿֮ϣ͸֮ϵĴߡֻҪ޳λһֻۣʱҪһ
·Щԭɹ̫ĺǣһ֮һʱ类ȵβһ㣬ĺδ֮еĺӰһм䣬ʱչ˸Ϊɵ·ܣķӶȥ
ڰ֮֮ϡЩ֮ϵķӣֱͬƼݣҲҪϸ磡
Щӣ·ΪϤֻһ֮һֻֻǷķ˳ȥǺӰѹʱ򣬸ղŻȫǺӵ֮ϣѾǺȥգһԶķɢȥˡ
ݵҲǲǾ޴δгһۣǴǰȥȻЩĿꡣ
ӵٶ죬ǾĶֻ֣˲Ϣ֮䣬ͷӣһһֱӶ
죬ͨСĲλȻһֻ񳤵ʮ׸ߴʱ֣ᷢǾɵ죬Ҳ׵ĽһͷţȥЩȻһߣǲġ
µǴȴѾǿտյˡ
Ҳ
ݵжʱ¶˾ϲ֮ɫҲ˲ϼȥǷ׷ɱӵϷ룬һԾǳµ֮Ϸ˹ȥ
ٶȼ죬ֻ˲ĹѾǴܵǶĸǰ
ſⶴȻǼʮ׵Ķ֮ϣ˲ٵȥһɫΪĺڣδȫѾԾǶ֮С
ΣѾǵˡ
ˣһŤͷŶ֮⿴ȥǷȥ׷ɱˣĺҲѾܣֻҵġ֨֨Լһ֮ԶԶĴ
ȫˡ
ݵ¶һ˿ЦݣŤͷϸĴ
ⶴ󣬶ԼΪʮףȻⶴ֪֮Ӷ죬Ŀռʮסһбб¶ȣѶʮ׵ĸ߶֮ϣһȡȥĸˮƿƿмơ


136 ɫ
ǹȻȴ΢΢һӶڵڼ±ڣȴֻжʮҡĿһӶȴǲδָͨ
ݶʱЩʧԭֻһӵĳѨ
֨֨
ʧ֮ʣһϸ΢ġ֨֨ȴͻȻݵĶСݶʱһ㶣Ŀ⳯Ŵ֨֨ķȥ
һ䣬һȻ͵ʯ̨֮һ飬ǡʯ̨Ϸһεˮ飬֮ϻ䡣રડĵʯ̨֮ϣʯ̨һطѾ΢΢ôһ鰼ݡ
֨֨ĵطȴʯ̨һߡΪʯ̨ڵʶݿС
֨֨
һϸ΢ġ֨֨ȴЩɻȥúֺĸо
Ťͷһ۶⡭Ѿָ˰ֻԼһԶԶĴȻǷԼڶѾȥԶˡ˴ʱǰȫġ
źĳʯ̨˹ȥ
ƹʯ̨ʱ֮ϣһֵֻĺӣӳݵ
ͷӣҪӸΪߴϼ֡ͨëֽɫɫ󡣿ȥӨ͸һ˿ߣԵüΪҫĿ
ݴ㵵ǡͷӵצһʯͷĹŹбʯ̨ߵĵϡһ˿˿˫Ŀ΢գȻһ˯˵ӡ˯֮Уʱʱıͷһ֨֨ĹŹ֮
俴ĺȫһӦþеĺˡ
΢뵽
ΪӽĶͨһĺȺ֮УŸԵġ죬Ǻ
ͷͨƣұͨĺҪߴһ룬ƾ࣬ͲѲ²ˡ
֡ӺǱǷ׷ɱһٺ˯
ȻʧЦţ漴Ŀȴǿɫŵ󡭡֮УżɫɺɫҺ塭ֻбһˡ
ǡͻȻһ㶣漴ͻȻǰڵϣǾšơĪǣŵȻǡơɣ
ơڵȻֻĴ˵еĴڡഫǡơǺþϸѡĹʵɽȪ󣬷ͣĹơζ𣬷ˣһ˻㡣
ǰɫӣȻмǺƵӡ
ѹ֡涼Ѿַˣܺ˯뵽˴Ц˳ҡҡͷ
뵽˴ݱ׼뿪Ȼ֮УǡơȻȴǱ֮Ȼûʲôġ
Ҳ֪ǷʲôʱԱԱˣЩҲûˡڴ˵أҪˡ
ţݱתӣ׼뿪
֨
Ȼת֮ʣһŭ쳣ĺ֮ȴļȻһ㶣δعһȭ磬ȻǵͷϮ
ͷʱһȻȴǲγǰһˣʱùһ͵ת˹Σ
ֻŻ˯Ľɫ֪ԵξȻѾ˹һŭĺ֮󣬳ݷ˹
ݶ˹ǽɫ˲ŭԭҺɫ˲תɺɫݣʱ˹
ÿ죡
ɫչֳٶ֮ʱҲʱΪ֮һڶԷǰ˵˲䣬ѾǵִݵǰһȭǳݵϮȥ
ʱһϾɫâʱ˸ȭ㼯ӭŽɫȭͷȥ
飡
ݵϣ˫ȭ֮󣬷ǵûгнɫʱɵΣȻһȭ˳ȥһɳľʱ˳ֱۿ͵ײ
ô
ݶʱһ
ĺӣʵҲ׵Ľҵĳ̶ȣҲ̫ǿ
Ȼû뵽ǡ֮ǿֱһȭ֮£ζʱ˳ȥһɾҵԸУʱȭͷ֮ϴϡЩƵķθȻ΢΢һʹ
ˡ
жʱ뵽ãǺƺʲôһȭȫʵʵԵûʲô˺ӿݵڡ
һ£ڴ֮Ƹء
Ȼȴǵˣݵأ֡֨Ĺֽһ˫ۣǳ˹ȥٶ֮죬һŽɫӰӣ
ߣ󣡡
ݶʱһоâʱһӶһأ̼ᵽ˷֣ӭźӵȭͷȻӻ
ɫȭͷӽɫȭͷݺݵײһ
飡
һȻٶȾ˷ֵȻǺӣȴֻǻһΣͬû˿һ˹
δҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ
ݶʱɴ۾Ҫ֪ܷӵʱǵڰ˲ڵ۷Բĳ̶ȡİ˷˵Ҳеڰ˲ڵʵ
Ȼδʹκ似Ȼ乥ȻǲСġ
ӡϷûаֻǿǽݰ˲ڵסֻζһΣ
ʲôİ
ݾϣǺӣȻǰ
ҵҪ壬жǿ
ţʱᵽܷӵǿսӭŽɫȭͷٶȻӻ
飡
ǰθ˳ݾȵĸоԼұһ飬̲סٶȵһԴˣǽɫĺź
Ǻ֮Ƿŭġֽ֨һ֮ͨ漴ֻһģ˹
£𾪵ˣ
ڰ˲ڵ۷һǿǴڵϣҲ̼Ҫһ󶴵ģȻӣȻû˿ƾһȻ£
⵽ʲôӣ
üͷɫâȻʢӭźȭͷΣȴǻȭΪƣ
ֵľɫâ˲ʢһ޴ޱȵӡںȭͷ˲䣬֮ȫס
ƣ
һΣǶ似
似еǰ򵥡ʹ似벻ʹ似Ĺȣνر𡣲ͬľܱ֮ҲǽȻͬ
֨
ڣһƣȻǺȫûа취µġֻá֨һҽУ޴ɫӡݵѳֱӽǺķ˳ȥѹϣݺݵĴ±֮ϣ
䣡
һ졣±ڣʱһ״СĿӶ
⣬͡
һг֣ݶʱǺڡɱֻΪϾȴĲ֮ͣ˼˷ŭҲ֮еġ
ֻǿЩ̫죬õһСơ֣Ȼ˿ȡȵȫֶͻȻعǺûаġǿȻǿǷθ֮УȴҪάȫԼ⡰ơһЯԹֻǺ


137 𾪵ǿ
뵽˴ݶʱԴǸ⡣Ŀ⣬ǿˡơ֮
һ棬ѾһƬɫ壬ȴǱ̮µʯڸסˡ
һ֮ݣ̾һ
Ȼ֮̾ʱʯѣȻ΢΢ݶʱһ㶣ɴ۾
⡭
ݾ㵵Ŀ֮УֻǶѾɫʯԣʱҵĲֻƬֻ֮ġ䡱һ춯ʯʱܷǺзŭ𣬴ʯ֮Уվ
ģȻϵĽɫë֮϶ǸһɫΪǱŭġ֮֨֨УȻȻʮ㣬ȫȻûаƵӣ
⣡ʲôӣѵӵķθҲͬһǿ᣿
£һˡ
Ҫ֪ղŵһƣǰҲδµġڰ˲ڣ޽ӽڰ˲۷Բϡơӵеڰ˽׳ڵޣһ֮£ҲҪɱȻûаֻĺȻֻǱ濴ȥΪǱһЩûжɶ˺
֪һεĹ֮УǴԹ
ëƤǿᣬ⡣θ˵ļͣǿɾЩˡ֪θǼΪеġݣķθҲǼǿеĹ˼ķθǣҲͨһĲŬһһǿȡ
Ȼɫ
ݾϣͷȫŭ˵ĺٶȳ˹
һΣٶȱһΣȻҪһ֣
ݵĿʱһҵһСơȻ֣
޴ɫӡӭźٶȺХȥ
ΣǺ·֪⾧ɫ޴ӡǣؼʱ̣Ȼ͵ĶΣһΣһŽ⣬ȻԶԶˡơĹ
ơȻٶȴǼ죬ٶȣҲѡ
䣡
һը𣬡ơٶȻ˶ڵ±֮ϣһĴ
֨֨
ŭ˼£һ˴ʱ·ҲǿݲˡֻĶһ˫ɺɫ۾ݺݵĵݣŭ֨вͣ߶ȴǲǰ
Ȼȴ˼ˡ
ʵڹŹֵĺܣëɫԼ΢ߴ󼸷֮⣬Щûж𡣵ǿȡʵЩ̫ˡ츳ǱԵɣ
Ŀ˸ɻĿ⿴Ǻһ֮漴ȴƶɽ֮ΨһȻγɵĸ̨֮ϡ
֨֨
ƺʱЩˡ֨֨ҽм֮󣬶ʱǳݣٶ˹ȭ磬ٶȳݿѹȥ
ֻõȭƾ˵㣬˵壬һǿˡ
Ȼ۾ͻȻһƺ뵽ʲôСơٶȳ֣ɫӡǺʱǿѹȥ
֨
һľУٶԶԶǡơľ޴ɫӡٶȴ±֮ϡȻУһ޴ĿӶ֡
ڱ˺˲䣬ݵҲһζһɫӰʱѾǸ̨һ࣡
ĿϸĿȥֻһۣݵ۾ʱһ
ֻԼĪһߵĸ̨һ͹ʯͷǸ̨棬һʮֱʯ塭
ʯɫ̨һģһ˿Ϸ죬ݵһۣȻûп
֨֨
վʯ̨֮ǰʱˣ֮󣬶ʱ˹ȥ
һƣһơĳɫ޴ӡǳǺѹ˹ȥ
ȻΣǺһԾ㿪֮󣬾Ȼǳ˹ȥǰһվԶҽ·ʲôĶһ㣡
Ƴ˹ĺһۣȴһ˿ŹЦݣ־ɫâʱʢȻΣȴǶǺǶߵʯ̨
ԡơֻ辢һ£ʯ̨ʱҪһ飡
ѾһâĺΣʱھݻм׵ĵطͣһ˫۵ɴ˵Ŀžɫâơ
ӵǲеǻۣǲԲ١
Ǻ˿ƣֿ˿֮µʯ̨ϵķŭ˰󡭡ղŻɺɫͫһ˲䣬ָֻ˳˻Һɫ
ݵ֮Уʱ¶˼Ц⡣֮ȴǻּ䣬ϵɢȥ
ǺһֱĹĵĶݵơϵɫâȥ¶ΪԻһζ
ݣ˿ЦЦĿǺ
Ǻһ漴ȴǳݣֿ˿̨Ȼֿ˿ݵơץģʵ˷Ц
һ֮Ǻ·һԴųĽɫβͣߵǸ̨һࡣֿ˿һۣ鼫Ի¶һ˿ۣһ˫ë׵ĺȭǰסʯ̨֮ϵʯ塣
΢һþֻĳصʯĥʯ壬ʱ¶һССĿ
һСѿ̼䣬һķ㣬ȴʯ֮У͸˳ʯĺһŵ˵ζ֮϶ʱ¶˼Իɫ͵͵ƳһۣȴǼݵ֮Ҳ¶˾֮ɫϵʱ˼ֵ⡭
æתӵϽ֮ǰڻеĹŹȻ̽Ǹ̨֮Уһֱ̽˵ײ֮СĽȡ˻
ٿе֮УװС֮ǰǰѪɫҺ塭
ʱ˷˲̼¶ĿҺ壬漴ϸ¶һ˿ۡղŵĶȻǸ̨ҺҲǲࡣ
һ뵽ǰûгëͬǲģҲֻܡ֨֨һУ˫ǹŹ󣬵ݸԵݡǱ飬ʵǲ֮
ݿһ֮еҺ壬ʱ΢һ¡
츳ôĿǰΨһĿԣ⡮ơԭˡ
ȷЩǿı̬Ȼ˼еԵɡ
ǶԷ츳Ȼûʲô˵ġΪԵɡ
һҪԼʵʱȻ²ǿٷ֮߰ʮĿ츳ֻаٷ֮һԵΪҲԸ׷
Ȼȥټ˿εı顭²⣬ղȵġơкܴĿܾӵǿԵɣ
ȻûаָݵġϾơǺǲժɽҰھɽȪ֮ɡúǿ϶ġҪ˵ǿȣȴǲ̫ܡ
ûϵȻáʵڲҲûʲôơжţȻǱ֮ܳһȴ˵еƣҲǻ¡
ţں۵ıУһЦӹݹĹŹ󡭡


138 ɱ
ݵּӴǹŹһ˲䣬ԭҺɫ˲ɺɫ͵Ľһͬʱһֻɫȭͷ˲䣬ǳݵŵػȥ
ʱһ
ȭХ磬ۿҪݻС
䣡
Ȼȭͷݵ˲䣬һ֮ȴļȻը죬ţԭվںǰݣξȻ˲һ㣬̼ѾԶ
ײ
ԭеһȭȻǱ֮ƺҲǸֳһ˿㵣漴ȴǷŭġ֨֨ĵݡ
󣡡
¶ݣжʱ¶һ˿ɱ⡭û뵽Ȼսթ˹װεĸԼݾƣȴһ˲Լ˹
ԼײӦ졭ȭһȭֻ¶ʱҪԼ˲ɡ
ţԭΪԼﶴļǸ⣬̼١Ŀ⣬ĿǺ
һʼΪл˼Ǹ⡣ΪоԼǲ֮ͣŭȴԷɱʵռʲô֡вŻЩǸ⡣
ڡǺӾȻţͻȻ֡Ǽŭˡ
ŭǷŭӭǲӭһֱַŭ˵ݻ治˼֡ǡȻװǰӣȻȴǳûҪ
޵ľǱģˣޣ
ԣݵУѾӿɱˡ
֨֨
Ǻǳ֨֨ŭ˼Ȼȴһ̧֣֮еҺȥ
ֽһԡУֻǺںҺ󲻵Ƭ̣һź֮ϣʱӿֳһ쳣ĳ졣ɺ˫Ŀһ̼ð˺ɫĹâڳ֨һŭУΣȻ
ţٶȸˣ
жʱһϣǺĹȻǵǰ
ƣ
ɫ޴ӡʱٶֶӭǺѹȥ
֨
һŭУֻѾһŽӰĺֻһʱùˡơľ޴ӡӲ˿ͣ٣ݿ˶
һεĹ֮ǰΣҪ֣
жʱһĨɫ漴˼Ŀʯ̨һۡȻı仯ղµҺ壬кܴĹϵ
ڲǶʱ򣬺ΣѾǰˡ
ʱеľ죬ҲչһΣÿ˺Ĺ
Ȼ죬ϾҲֻǿܶѡ֮ϣȻҲȲġⶴ֮ԿĳأݵġҲӦˡ
ݵΣʱһһӰӣ⿪Ķ֮У໥
ˣǿǿ˷˼ÿһȭǴٶȣȻǼ졣
ݵġơô˵ҲҪһ˲ʱתԿ֮£ֻܷȫʢʱ߲ʵݣȻǱȫѹסֻһһεͨȭ֮࿹
һʼûʲôȴԽԽľ·ԴԴһֱӦһζײ֮Ȼᵹ˼˲ָֻϡ·𲻹ô򣬶ûа취˼һ
󣡡
ŭˡ
оâȻһֻġ䡱һٶȺȻը죬ݵΣʱʧ˺֮УһιҲʱ˿ա
أðźɺɫͫޱȵײУʱܿȥûз֡
ԵĴһ
ݣ
ȻڴʱӺıһɫĹâȴȻźȥٶ֮죬֮ơֱͬն
ȫĽɫëһ˲Ȼţ·Ҳоһ˿ɫâƺԶвǾɫâϮһ˲䣬ȻԱ˹ȥ
ķӦٶȺܿ죬ֱĸӦǾɫâ֮󣬱Ѿ˷Ӧ
ǣǾɫâٶ̫ˡ˳ȥһ˲䣬ɫâ˲䶴΢õһĴȣ
֨
ĲҽʱԺĿб顱һˤڵءȣȫȴûһ˿Ѫ˿ΪԲģһشԼǣȫ˾ɫǱˡ
ݵΣ¶˺ʮҵĵط˫ָ£۾Ŀŵϵĺ
ˣǼԣġ֨УɺĹâ
ֻ΢һȻվֻáǡ죬֮ϵıʱƬƬ飡
ȻֻƾĽݵԹƻ
ݵһĿ⣬ٶһǸ̨
֨Уٶȳ˹ȥȻˣٶȣȻǱ˲١
üͷһ壬һ֪ô
Դˣھɱ
Լһ٣ٶ飬ӷǵʶôӲ񡭡Ѱǡ
뵽˴ݲ֣ӭźΣָһɫâʱʢһʱǴָ֮Ͽӿ
ͨġ֮
Ƿƺ֮ϣݾ˫ָΪһ˲ġɶ֮ͨġ֮Ȼ
ȻﲻһֿȭΪΪ壬֮ġ˵һľ磬˫ָΪ壬һЩ
ɫââ˲ͻǺ壬ǰ˵ζʱһ٣ɫâ֮жǺٶȱһҵҽУһͷԵ˵ϣϸֳɫ
ǣȻɱģȻ֡һе֣ȴδаֵͣ٣ָٶȱɫâŵϵĺȥ
ڵϣҪٶ׹ǵûӵȡȻٶڶâٶȶ塣
֨
һҽ𣬺ٶ˵ڵء
ûͣе׹⣬֪ԷǲԺ֮ˡеĽâݡһʱǴٶ˵ڵڵĺϡ
һ壬ڵ֮˼ɫС
˺üâǺһֱŵ壬Žֹͣ˵ϡ
εǿᣬҲܲסǿĶ֮ĴֻƬ֮Ѿȫ͸ûѪɫ壬ҲѾȫɫǡ
ߵɫâ֮ͣĿ⿴Ѿ˱ĺȴûжٵ
һʼҲʹɱ֡ȻȴҪȡ³ҲֻѰĪҪҡ


139 ѪɫҺ
ֿ˿ʬݱҲͲٹעŤͷ˶֮⡣
֮⣬Ȼûˡ֨֨ĺֻԶһӣǷޣѾ׷Զˡ
Ƿ׷ԶˣһߵĺҲˡȴҪӿЩٶȣϽ뿪ǡ
뵽˴ݲٳɣǳǴʢǺɫҺĸ̨˹ȥ
ղǺٺҺ֮˼֡ӣҺ壬ǿҪԵˡ
ߵʯ̨һ࣬̽׳ʯ֮¿ȥ
ſԭʯ̨ĲλȫпյġԼĪһֻҺȻ࣬ӸղźƿһС֮Уȴǿ̫С
һ˵ζǲͣĴʯ̨֮ţ˳
ǺӾµĺҺ壬ʶӴ˱̬⻹Ϊ֮󲿷ֵЧǱ˷ˣĻֻ»ӵĿֲ
ֻԼƲ⣬ǲѲµԵɡ
ǺںȹһҺ֮󣬶ʱٶȻ˺ܴȵ˵Һûаֹϵǲ̫ܡ
뵽Լ֮ǰϱŵĹŹ֮еҺ壬ǲƲʵڲ֪ǰҲĺûжֻںҺ֮󣬱ܵҺҩЧӰ죬ĽëƤ඼˾䡣𽥴ֵز
Ҿ˵ĺӿȥҲ׵Ľҵĳ̶ȣȻӵпȰ˽۷Բ޵ʵЩ󡣡
ͨԣһȺ޵죬ȻҪͨĳԱǿǣǿҲһļ޵ġ˵һȺ׳ڵޣҲڻߺڵĳ̶ȡȺĲ̫࣬һЩ
ʵϣҲΪɻݲŻỳǿȣӦò츳Եɡ
û뵽ѰǽɽͨδȴҵĺöҲǲˡ
뵽Ǻ̬壬ݵĶҲ̲ס֮ϸֳһ˿ϲɫ
ķθƲδȬʵҲܵ˺ܴӰ졣Ƕɽ֮еĹԴ̫棬ֻѾɽȥѰҷˡ
ϿԿҺǵǶƤдãǶԷθҲкܴáݷã˵ϾθҲ˵
ң֮Һ֮еĴ󲿷ҩЧǱ˷ˡȴǲͬ
ȫҺҩЧ֮ʣԼҩЧ󲿷ֵաԲ˷ѣ
ڴȽҺ֮еҩЧȫ֮ҵ壬ǿᵽʲô̶ȣ
뵽ѾЩȲҿ˿ǽϱǶʯͷٽʯ̨֮ϵʯƿ˼֡
ζʱԽŨ̽ȥҨһס
֮еҺѪ֮ɫȥľճԣ΢΢ҡΣƽĹ
ݷڱǼ΢һᣬһ˵Ļ㣬һԶıͷҲ̲סһϸ¶Цݡ
ҺЧƺΪԵݲֵطȥҪҩЧȻҪһͰȫĵط˴Ⱥ֪ʲôʱ᷵أǱǷԼ֮ͣǲˡ
ЩӾǷޣΪǶǷ޸ְ취ҲûСԼݿɲϣǻῴԼ;еӴܡ
²ٳɣֻоɫʱ΢һǰ׵ĺɫҺ壬̼ǻһѪɫıȥӨ͸Ư
޳Ҫ뽫ҺŪߣȻҪ취ˡ壬ȻҪҺЯ
ݵٶȺܿ죬ʱѾʣѪɫҺ壬ȫһһ׵Ҩ˳󣬴ССĺɫҺ̳ɵıʮ飡
¶ЦݣԼõ¶׳ȴЭ漴ȴǽŽǸ̨֮ڣ˼֮ŽѾȫʪ˳
ЩȫŽ֮УݽһᣬǱһССʪİоɫâٶһʪʱ̳ɱҺȫı
ͿʱķֹҺڻˡ
ţ漴İϡ˿˿ܣֿ˿ԶѾȫ͸Ľɫҡͷ̾һתŶ֮ȥ
һȻѾЩӻˡ֨֨Ľлš
ЩȻЩδӣ֮ϣȴ̧ͷĿԴֵֻ̿ɨܡ·ǺǷʲôʱֻٳǽ֫ѿЩӶѾŵһˡ
עģϷǺ¡룬ȻĴӶ֮Ծھ֮ϵ·ȥ
ЩӶھǲ֪ʱֵķޣûע⵽ԼѾȻ˵ĵ
ʱݰȫ˺Ӷ·ҵ֮ˡݣųһ¶һЦݡ
ЩȻȽײ֮ͣʵ̫ڵǱǸϣֻ»һ鷳¡
ҿ˿ܾԶŨŨݵĿҲֻܿ׵ľѡ
һ࣬Ƿ޵֮ȻͣĴ֮ݾ͵Ѱһ϶ĵط˽ȥΡ
Ƿ޵ֲ̫߶һҪʲôطȥҲв֪ʱʳϣ뿪ɡǱɺһ¸ˣɾЩùˡ
ţǰĵڴ˴ȴ
Զһ֮ʱһԶһȴǼĵطݵͷ
ݶʱеԼľӢǸղűŽֱӳǸȥǷ޵ֻԼʱҪʳˡ
ţֹһʱ䡣
ģ֮ѾȥԶˡѾȫʧ
Ϊһһ󡭡ȷǷӦǳԱѾ뿪ųһ
̫޴󣬶ٶȼ졣ǿݱ֪޵ʵֻҪǿࡣ˵ʮ׵ޣ
Ҵ˴ھ֮ϣܱս²ƽ߲ѣҪǱǷ׼ˣֻճ޶·
ޣܳΪɵޣûʲôԭ٣ͷжԣþ࣬̾ˡ
еջȴǳϵķ񡭡ȻûҵǹԴڣȴǵõǡơѪɫҺ塭Ҳǲˡ
ѪҺҺ壬ҵƺָܹܿǿȸһ󲽡ţʱʵȽЩѪɫҺҩȫ֮ȥѰ̽ɽ֮еĹԴҲǲ١
ţݣ֮ǰ߶򣬷Ӷȥ


140 ҩЧ
˳±ڣݲδлѶĹ򣬱Ѱҵ߶ڡ
Ծݵ±֮ڣ֮ϣǼߺӵʬȻڵϡ
ݿһֻۣĹ⼸ʬѾ·ɡһʱ䣬ĺˡ
ûгʲôҲЩˡҵϻسԵֻӣָ³âǸһźȣ߶֮С
ͨȻۣʱǽɽ֮С
ɽ֮еľɫͬδжٱ仯̶ɣɫɣӳ֮ϵľɫâɡ
ǹâݻ̲ס̧ͷ˼ۣҡҡͷȷǿʲôġ
һ䣬
ɽΪأس߶ͨ˴֮⣬ûͨڡΪȫ
ĳһЩ֮󣬱ȲĽСȡ
ɫâ΢£漴ٶһաԭסʱǱ
һһ֮䣬Ѿ֮ϵĺԵ˳
򿪰ݱȡһöȽСһЩѪɫҺɵıȻֽϣɫâ£һαס
ݲ֪ԼһҩЧҪ೤ʱ䣬ȻǱʱı¶ڿ֮ˡһڻˣǿǿ޶ûطȥȻҪСĽһЩǡ
漴ݲϸĴеѪɫ
ѪɫıΧɫĹâӳ֮£ѪཻĹɫӨ͸˸аȡ
ǷҷζȴΪԵʶֻзڱǼʱ򣬷ŵôһ˿˿ѡ
֪ҺжĹЧ
Щڴţ漴ٳɣһڣǽ⾧ȥ
ڣݵʱӿʱǻΪҺ塣
һŨķ㣬ʱݵĿըݣҲ¶֮̾ɫ
ζȻ
пţڻ˵Һ壬˳źֱֱĹ˷θ֮С
ֻоһŨĻ㣬ŨŨľӷθһֱӵ˱ǻ֮У·֮жζһ˿ȣ΢΢ĳ֣ȻƬ֮󣬶ʱͬһ棬Ӻһֱӵθ
ˬ죡
ֻоȫëһɢȻɢ·ͷƤըһ㡭˵֮Уֱ۷壬˵Ĵԣס΢ѣһ¡
ȻǡơζȻǲ
ݸпšȲñ֮ˣܸо⡰ơЩжԣֻҲ֮˰ɣ
šơº֮Уָо֮󣬷ŽˡȻһ˿ȣȴδʧǣԽ·ԷθΪԲģơ
Чˣ
ݵУʱһ˿򡣵¹˲ȶʱ񣬡ϫʱӦĶ
ݿǼǵã⡰ơĿģɲΪʲôܡΪдҩ
䣡
·Ǵһҵıըһ㡣漴һǿҵµȣ˲ɢ
ţ
ĿݣʱӦ漴ͷȴȻһ
⡮ơôЧ
аȻ漴ȴһҧϫھŲʱת
ֻݵ壬·͸һ˿ĺ⣡ںӳ֮£ݵɫԵ쳣ĳ죬һ˿˿ܼ麹ʱĶͷ֮ϣ
ȣȣȣ
ױȵȣ
·𣬾ͬһѻֱݵķθ֮Уȫ£ÿһ粿λ˵ȣƤ⣬ǹ֮Уȼһһһ㣡оһԼҪױȵȸڻ
ȻֵǡȻ˵ȣݲδоֵʹ
˵ģӦǾԳܵļۡʵǣֻȣۡ
ݵ֮£һսԼ֮ʹõڰ˴μ޴ײԽ޵ʹáɶ֮֮󣬶ԼķθɵĴˣһۿɼٶȷٵĻָţ
Խ֮ɵëϸѪܵıѣİˡеһУۿӵٶȷĻָšڶ̶̵ļӲʱȫ˲ٵǿȣ
ݵϣһϸܵں֬Ĵë֮й˳ʱѾȫŵǡ
һҩĳʱ䣬̶̵ļӡݷθаȫȬ֮ȣȥ
ȻݣȴȻ˫Ŀ΢գŲҩ
Ѿ԰ٷ֮һٵĿ϶ǽɫǾ⡰ơղܴһ̬ǿ塣
ֻܡơ¸֮Լ֮󱻶Ľܡơҩĸ졣
Ȼݲͬӵԣ⡰ơΪǿҵҩЧ֮󣬲ҩȵʱݵġϫǽЩҩȫ£ͣķθ塭壬ҩĸΪס
ʱ䣬Ȼš
һСʱ֮ʣҩһβʣıݣȫ
˫ݵ¶һ˿ϲЦݡ
ͷԼɫǵֱۡһǿĸоʱӿͷ
ҩȻûа취ǿȣȴǿ˵õǳĴһСڡơȻҵǿȣٶһ̶ȡ񣬱ʹʮΡײҲȫȻû⣡
ݽšȭͷϵЦݸʢ
ң⻹ҷθˣ󲿷ֵҩƵԭ򡭡ֻ¸ǿ
ݵĿ⿴һԵϵСеϲɫҲڸǲס
ѰǹԴδȴǵõȱ棬ɻб֮ǰһСڸϼֵġơ㻹ʮöȫõĻôҵǿȡ
뵽ݱԹˡ
˵ֱӴﵽ֮ǵʮкڣ۷ԲǿȣǾпܵģ
ϧеĲǡ׾Ļƾôġơǿȣȴﵽ켶ǿȣҲһ
Щź뵽
ղҩЧʱݱǸоҩЧ֮еһ˿ȡ
˿ȶСϫ˵ȴûʲôãҪԵĵһЩҩЧաȻлԵߡһ˿ȣɶǸΪáܵõĺôȻҲ͸ˡ
漴ȴȻʧЦԼʵЩ̫̰ˡԼܵõĺöѾǳ֮ҡʮ۷ǿȡҲζţײڲԺ󣬾ͲԵĹΪʹõĹˡ
뵽˴¶Цݡ
֮ݲһƽԼ
⡮ơȻǿȣǿȴδжЧԣ޼ʱǲܵġ
ǡ
һ˿ɭȻЦȴǲƵȻ֡
һع飬ȻҪԵ𾪣Ҫ֪ݣǿ֮ˡ


141 ֲĽ
߱ڹתۼ䣬һµʱ䣬ѾȻŶ
Źֵɽ֮УҲѾסһµʱ䡭Ҳȫ
ļֻʬ壬ҲһµʱȫݵĶӡơҲǱȫķõˡ
ݵǿȣ֮һǰʮֹ
ǿȣѾȫ屾ǿȸԶԶ׿ƾǿȣԱԽٶȣһȭӻȭγɵڣԽһĿӶ
⣬һǰ޷顭
ƾ壬ɿʮڣʮ۷ǿߡǿȣ˵ȥֻ˵Ҳĵ
ңˡɱǣݲֻ壬⾳
ǰݵļŵƣԶǿȲ̫ǿԸͲʹáǡɶ֮ʹ֮󣬷ǵ彫ﵽޣǻ˲Ĵʽپˣݸʹ
ڡͬˣ
ǡɶ֮ĹݵǣҲΡȻ壡ֻΪǿѾȫԳܡɶ֮ĸɡʹ֮Ҳ뼫״̬࣬ҲǽȫĹ˶ѣпȵʮʵǿ壡
ǡˡĵӡԶսʹ֮ӵĴΣԼܵɣӶòͣȻڣɱʮĴεĵӣ
һֲֿεӣݱǿʮ۷Բ֮һϳ̡ʮĴε֮󣬽һֲֿ졭Ҳ˰ɣ
ȻҲ֪˵ƾšӡЧǿһսʵϡҪķѵʱ̫࣬ĸɵվԭأһһεĹӶӡ
ܴﵽǿߣһûмֶΣ
ԣ˵ݿһսʵϡ⡰ӡ֮ҪĽֻ֮Ҳ֪ҪĽһ似Ǽ򵥵ͿġʱݵҲû뵽ʲô÷
֮⣬ײҲʽĳΪݶԵ֮ʱƾֶΡƵʹײһֳô
ŵ˵ٶֱԣԲһǰǰǱ˵ˡ⡱ҪսʤЩѡƾݵǿȣѾɱɱĴڣ
ײΣΣԵĹûа취ݣʹײȴǿһֱĥ㣡
ʮ۷ǿߣҲȻ޵İɣݵǿȾѾﵽʮڣƵĽӽ۷壡
Ҳ˵սѾﵽһƿֲĳ̶ȣ
ԵȫĹʱ򡭡جΣֻ¾Ҫʼˡ
ʮڣ޽ӽʮ۷Բǿ壬ϵھŲڣͻƵھŲڵ˵⡰ơĹЧݵʵһԾΪ֮µĵһˣ
Ҳ֪ƾˣûз޼Ѱʸ
Ĳ˵˵ǿߣûоԵܹй
ǿߡʲôǣѾԡɶһ˿ˣݵеƣԶǡɶһ˿Ļ֮ϷܳġЩƣδáɶĺǿ˵߻ǵơȻֱ졭ɲȷЩƣܲһĴЧˡ
޷ǡ۵һգͷ޴ޱȵһƷ׵ġʨޡͬεڿУնͷ­һĻ
켶۵һֹ֮СڵݣɲΪƷ˵޸ǿ֡
Եĸףʮ顭ʵΣ֮ǿ޷ȷԣðա
֪ٶȻȥҪԵģ켶ǿˡǸʱײܷܲӳܣһУδ֪֮
Ѿһﵽ죬޼ң
죬ǵߡ춼ûдﵽȥһȡѡ裬ԹһαҲ͹ˡݣٳڶΡ

ȻʣΧȻŲ纣糱Ծ仯ݡ
ѩŶյڿƮƮõضԵüΪͷҲֳ֮С
ƺϷһͨڵһ֮ϣڶĿ⣬ȴңңŶ԰ǵݱԱȣòðսʹײԾĵطͬʱҲ޼ҵķ
һʱ䣬գӦ˰ɣ֪̣ƽ㣬ǻǴţѾΪԼ˰ɣ
ͨڵ꾲Ŀţ֮ȴ
꣬ݡ
֮ͨڡΪơЧ֮еȫıƳ⡣Ȼ֮ϣҲѰʲôʲôطϴ衣һҲѾọ̈̄Ȼȥͬһˡһˡ
ãǿԽǿڵʣҲԽԽ١ûٳֹ

Ŀ֮ȴס̾һͷ
ǴԽȻⳤһʱò˵Ѿȫ硣ĸһĹذޱ׽һĹػЩ뵽Եɡ
еʱ򣬡ҡָĲһǳ󣬳ɳĵطҡ֮ԱΪҡ֮˻ǣƣҪԭǡҡˡԼǣңˡ򣬡ҡҲǡҡˡֻһǳϤġطѡ
ݱһмҹ鲻ãȴܼꡭ
֮ݵ֮ȴһ˿⡣
ԡ㣬Űɡ
һվΡĿ⣬Ϸȥ
ʵǵȫĻָһ󲽡һµʱҲѾȥڣʱúһͨɽͨһǡԴǸʲôˡ
һµʱ䣬ݷǵûжǡԴ½Խĺ桭ǡԴô£ÿÿҹ̽Ĺâûаֵļ˴ֲǵ򣬲һֱſص̽յơôߵľ֮ϣôôһŹֵĹԴ
⣬Ǻ̶֮еġô£ǾʲôȻ˲ǿԽκνӴ˲ĺ̶֮ǡǡǾɫĹâ֮ҫһµʱȥȥȻûаֵı仯
Щ²⡭ҵǡԴڣŪԵɣӦãҲܹ⿪ˡ
һ£һֱЩ⡣
ǡơΪλӵЧЩƵԭϣǴʲôط
ЩǸšݣȻҪһ̽


142 Ѱ
뵽ݱҲٳɣһΣֱӳŸߴӶȥ
һʼЩ֮תŲƣ˵ʵлЩġϾ¿ƮŨ֪ǳƶһʱЩλƵġ˵񵶼ҲΪѹ֮ޣ֪˵ɫ΢ЩǱݵʵǿҲһܱݱֵĸΪ硣
һ¹ȥˣҲѾȫϤ֮תŲƵҪ졣ϰ֮ϵѹȻԽԽС֮ϵƶٶȣ֮ȺӣҲ˿١
ֻӰһѾǸ߸ߵԽ˳ȥ
ڵķΧѾѰҹڣҪߴѰҡ
ţݵٶȴǲֽŲã
һ·ʣûã˰֮ϵĸ߶ȡ
˴ĸ߶ȣǺȺĸ߶ȳƽҪȺǱȥȴúķһЩʱ䡣
ݵմӺȺ뿪֮󣬱ֱӻصǴߵĶʶһȴǲδȥ
ȻҪҵͨɽͨѰҡԴȻ̫ķѹ򡣲ȺǱȥȴûʲôҪֱӴȥһȦһֱѰﶴ߶ȵķΧе±ڣҲߵˡ
뵽˴ǲٳɣжȥ
һǷ޽ʳһѡʱӦǰȫġ
߲ͣԾѰңݵбš
Ƿ̫ڵʵҲǲ׵ǡȻҪ֮ѰͨȻҪǷ޳ûʱȷˡ
ͨһʱĹ۲죬ݷ֣Ƿʳʱ䣬ÿ죬ųһζѡ
ҲǷӴһνʳʮֻӡʱ䣬˵ȷҲ̫
Ƿ޲ŸոճһΡ֮ϣǰȫġ
Ȼ˵Ҳ˿Ҵ⡭֮䣬ĿǼΪעΧ
һȻעǷ޵ڡǷ仯
֮ϾĿǰΪֹѾޣߣȺԼֻ޴ķޡǲǻʲôޣҲ˵׼
֪С޴һʲôޣΪСĶʲô⡭ǿǵòʧˡ
ݱǿʼѰҡ

䣬ʱ䣬Ѱ֮УȻš
ʱ䣬һζ
ʱǷ޹Ȼֻ֮ǰûһΡ
ʱѾ׵ľ룬ִϷƲ㡣һϤ֮һԵܼ֮СȻ󣬱ǿǷ޴ͷϵƲ֮
Դˣݷ֪ԭޣȻǾסĸߴġ
֮вԶľ룬䣬ǸһܼԣҲǿǷ޵ĳѨڡ
ʱ䣬ݵĽҲǺӵĳѨΪĻѾϷѰ߰׵ľ롣
ǲСԶȻͬһһֱȥȻʵֱȴסҪһȦҪϸѰң©ٶȣȻҲܿ쵽ʲôطȥѰķΧѾǼΪ
ҲѰҵһЩɻͨɽɽ˿ԽȴǲࡣżѰҵһһ˿ġҲǽʮ׵ľ֮󣬱Ȼϡʧǳ
ݲδзǡԴĴʵ̫Ź֣ʵڲԸȻĿǰƺͨǡԴڵصͨ治л˵ǣͷ˷Щġ
ԵЩִֵķɵݵӡ
Ŭȥܲɹʹ˷ȴǾ޷ɹ仰ʼΪһ
ȻҲѾʧ׼ûҵҲν͵Լȥ嶢ϿһҲá
ɽľ¾Ѿ׳ȵ۷֮Ǹ񼤵͵һϴƺҲӡ
뷨ݼѰҡ̬һʼ΢꣬Ѿȫƽ
̬ƽͣľҲ΢һЩϸ΢ı仯УһЩղСطȻҲܰҵˡ⵹ССľϲһ¡
ÿһСһ֮ʮ֮󡭡СصĸֵݴǶá
֮Ľ죬ݣƵƲ֮С
ԽǸߴԽǱ˴Ѿȫһıڶ֮䣬ӵСҪһȶϻ߽һλõȥ
˵ʮڽӽ۷壬ǿߣ¶ֻķݶ
˴ĿԽӵĿ죬ͬõķһֱڶߺХһ㡣缫ΪƬƬ
ǻһǰݣȿһٺܡ䲻˵ȫ޷ܣ٣ôס
ȻڣǿȣѾﵽʮڣӽ۷ĳ̶ȣǲתȺ磬Ҳݹʲôвƺʵ棬ȴʼů˿
˴ĵ棬ȴǲ֪Զľˡ
ݵͷһۡûǷǵȱ̬ʶΧʲôҲ
ѰһȽϴ׳ͣ·ȡȴǷһСɡ
ɣȻͷ޵壬ջʣµһ㡣
ȡһ飬ŽѾǱӲ
ݵǿȣǱڼ͹ϣͬҲǵõǿ׾٣ǽ֮ҧϡ
ӲȴǴġ׽һ֮һɸĽҺ˳
߳ţݱ߿Ϸ
ǰǷ޸ոճ֡Ҳ˵ʱǱȽϰȫġҲܴ⡣ָ߶ȣı޸ˡ¾鷳ˡ
ʵȻõ˺ܴͷǷ˾޴ٶֿ죬һռŵơǵʵڲʲôǵѡ
ڶԷʳŹ죬ľԣ֮ڣǲɳġ
ֻҪɳݱ㰲ȫĿĸ߶ȣõˣЩ鷳
ţݺֳܿ˼ɣǴվҿ˿֮󣬳Сķ˹ȥ
ǼΪģҲ·ϸࡣݲҴ⡭
Сʱ䣬תһȦȴûзͨɽͨ
ȻҲɣݱǼϷȥ
Ȼոͷδüϸܵķ羰һ֨֨ϸ΢ȴݵĶСݶʱһ㵣Ŀ⣬һȥ
ӣôкӣ


143 ֮ϵĹ԰
ڶߺХݣѾȫͷ̧ͷȥİ׵ĸ߶ȣʹﵽ˶塣
վһ¿ȥĿģԶһƬɫã·磬ֻһ·һ㣡Ȼͷ̲סһĳȻ֮УȻ١
ȻոͷݣָпȴǱһŹֵġ֨֨ȥע
һȻı飬ʱ֮ϡ
ӣôкӣ
ʵЩȡ
˴ǺӵĳѨֻ߰˰ײֹǷޱʱû˼䡭Ժӵǣڹȥôô֪ܲ£
ôȻˡЩӣô
ʵЩ벻ͨü֮ǾȥһӣܵôߵĵطкԵɣ
ź棬ݱѭҲӶȥ

ǡ֮֨֨˳ŷġȻȴֱܷʵЩӾԼһԶľ롣пܣھڵһߡ
ݽ²ͣƹʱݣѾٽڵһ桭
ڸ
ߵԽ˼ֲĸоζʱ΢һЩĿ⿴ųŴΣȻƽ
תһսǣ漴ֻӵӰӳݵ
ȻЩӡ
ֻһۣݱϳǰӣǳѨλڴ˴·߰˰׾ǺȺ֮еĳԱ
ڸʲô
ɻݵĿ⣬ȴǲͶ֮ǰǼֻԾĵط
һۣݵжʱһ
ֻھʮҵĵطһ޴İ±ڣʱӳ֮УʱȻкӣʱĴǰ±֮Ծġ֨֨˵ǰ±֮УвٵĺӴڡ
ΪεĹϵȴǿ±ΣԼЩӣʲô
ţбŵġ
ͻȻע⵽Ծĺֱֻ֮ϣһЩŹֵĹʵЩʵɫѤкɫɫɫĺɫġɫ죬״ǸָԲģģģ״ġһ㣬ֻۻҡ
ȻȴȻĵɴ۾
ڣȾ֮ϡȻйʵ
ʵЩ㵡ڣֵطȻйʵ֣
ѵѵ±棬ȻһƬȻ԰ɣ
ʵڸоЩ̫˼˴棬ֻ˵Ҳǧ˰ɣֵطȻȻ͵Ĺ԰
뵽ʵЩͲסͷĺ档̧ͷҿ˿漴ζʱǳϷԾȥᣬǼСƬ֮Ȼǰ±ڶڳƽ֮
ѾԶ·߰״Ĵ׳ҲûǰïܡȫȻûв֮
ãЩӶںİָݽвֵĹʵҲڵķһۡûкӷ֡
ȻʵҲ循ЩӡϾɲǵĳѨԼɱֻ֮󣬴󲿷ֵĺӶ롣
ʵĳ̶ֳ˵Ҳһ
˴Ȼûʲô˵ġսһһ䣬ҲǲݣһҪ߸ϳȥΪΪػ԰ս
żĳУһ򶷣ǲУȻƴɱϾҲûбҪսıҪ
ЩӱϾֻĽ׵ޣݷֻ֣ڷŭʱ˫Żᷢ졣ϪЩһ㣬ʱʱ̿۾ѪŵģҶѪζΪСԸȻҲҪ򵥵Ķ࡭
ǵǣȴƺҪϪϵЩҪһЩ
ݵĿ⣬ǰݵ±֮ڿȥ
ʱһƬ֣ʱӳݵ
һƬ֣
һ£ȻĿһ£
ΧʲôɡƣĿȥ·綼һƬɫãָ߶ȣѩѾʧʣµģֻһɽ硣
ȻطּڡһƬľȴͻأĳһ޴İ±֮С
ⰼݵ±ڵȷܴĿȣֻ±ڰϡϷ±ڣǹĻһȣƬľǱ¶˿֮Сͺ˿ĴӴ˴ȡһһƬľֲ˴˴һ㡭
Ȼֻһݡ˵֮󡭡˹ΪҪķѵɾʹˡҰڵΣҲΪ˻ôһɽȡ԰
ǧ磬Ȼ治С
ݣҲ̲סһ˿п
Ȼ漴ȴ΢һ㶣գһ۾˵廹һŹ֮ءǷɽ֮УӵżΪ˺ĺ̶ȻȴǵȺ̶֮Уһֲɽ֮һصġԴţǺȺĶ﷢ǿǿȵġơڣǧ֮ϣȻǷһĹ԰
뵽˴ݵüͷͻȻ΢ĿЩŹֵĿƬĹ԰漴̧ͷɽۿһۡ
˸Ƭ֮ȴһ૵šЩ˰ɣ̫ܡ
뵽˴ݵĿⲻǰ±֮еĴ԰
԰֮еֲȴǷ䣬ĿҲδǽʲôߵİģСģ״졭ͳͳɢһɲ
ϲ˵Ĺʵ֦ͷвٵĺЩ֮ǰԾȥժŹʵȻ󣬱Źʵǳ±ȥǶֻ֮ϼԾαѾʧµ֮СȥӦǻغӶˡ
֮ȴȻǰݵ±˹ȥĶΪᣬٶȴǼ졣ֻûзʲôݣѾԾǹ֮С
ʱһŨĹ㣬ıͷ
һȴδͣ٣ֱӳŹֵȥ
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š
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Ŀ⳯±֮ɨһȦ֮һ
δ̫ͣã۷ΣŹ֮ȥ
ʱѾȻĻص˶֮⡭ĶΪɣٶֿ죬Ȼûкӷ֡
뿪ǹ֣ݵٶȼӿ˼֡ʱѾԾǹս֮ȻͣΡ
΢˸żâƺʲôƬ̧֮ͷɽۿȥ
ƺ΢ԥһ£漴ȴǱһ˿ϡ
ԥζʱӿ죬ҲϸĴ̽Χ±ǷͨɽͨһΣֱӣɽ۶ȥ
ɽڶߺХɽ۾İҵľ롣ҪһһѰңȻûиǾѰҲġȻڣݵĿȷɽۡԣٶȺܿ졣̶̲ʮ֮ΣѾٽɽۡ


144 ɽۣݣɽݵĲ²
ݵĶɽ֮ϣѾԽϸСҾԶźһ˪Ϊ
ЩȴûйɶţھŲڵϡⲻ۴ϸ֮ϾתŲơ
ʱɽѾڼ֮⡣
ץסһͻʯ̤һǱ˪ɷһЩٶȡ
ûƴǷ޵ĳѨɽ֮ˡ
ݵӹâٳɣСĳϷȥ
ɽ֮ѾһƬѩɫ澡ԶǼ̵ʯʯ֮ϣȴһЩݻɫӲݡЩӲȴǲԼĪʮҵĸ߶ȡ
Ա̣ԵúӲĻĲݣѾ˺һͬһ̣Ǵܸоһɱ֮⣬͸
Щ˵ȴδжšʮڣ޽ӽʮ۷塭ǹƾ壬ԲκεϺνķ֮ĻĲҲѪƤųӵʮ壬ҲʵЩ̫ʧˡ
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չʮ׵֮Ϫ쳽µġ񡱣Ǵ࣡˫أһ޴Сɽһ㣬ȵɽ۵ĵλá
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ɽԼĪ׸ߣ׿ӡϿȥһʯţĳɽ۵λá̫ģݵǿΡ
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Ҳ˵ǹ԰ɣ
˵ôߵɽ壬΢ߴһЩֲֻ¶ԴЩһ֪ǷƷĹʵ
ЩʵĲʵϲƲ⡭ơǺǲժҰ֮ɽȪͣɡݾͺɻЩǴʲôطõ֡ơԭϵġһȻȻˡ
ʣЩժĹʵ조ơģ
ӵЧġơпͨĹʵ
⡭ﶴ֮Уôһ̨֮ڣȻֻôһġơһ㣬ҲǼΪɡ
ô࣬ȻǱǽɫԺġˣǺǿȣԲֻôһѡ
˵ԽǿơܷӵĹЧҲԽС
ġǿڴﵽʮҵʱٶȾѾˡڡơҲûʮͻƵʮԲɼ⡰ơҲ˵ﵽ죬мӦҲĳƵġ
ǣǺǿȣȴֻﵽ˵ڰ˲㡭ôġơôֻﵽ̶ֳȣ
˵֮ҩЧ˷ˡҲǺȹơʵһڡơ֮У˷ѵ࣬Ҳֻһѡ
ֻһĹЧһ׶ߣһ׶ĸ̨֮Уװ¶١ơܲ˵ЩŰᵽģһҲֻôһơɣ˵ʵЩ̫ǣǿЩ
ȫɫӺȵڵǿȣѾʮ۷ĳ̶ȣյݣֱһƣԽ
˵ĺһͬôΪǺȺ֮Уֻһֻͨƣĺӣȴûзֵڶֻ
ɻһֱݵͷڣȻһЩ²⡣
ֻ¡Щʧ˵ġơӦǱȡȥ˵ġڣȺпĳרŷ֮ϣԹڵĹʵΪԭϣΪ졮ơġ
ݵ˸ֻ˵ͨʣµľ󲿷ֵġơȥͬʱҲ˵ǧɾ֮ϵع԰
ЩĹʵһ¶ǧѡȻ˴ȴǳȺƬΪҲʵֻ˵һ䡪أޱȡ
ǽɫ˹һЩơʵԷֹһЩֻⷢߡȡ뿪֮󣬺һЩΪȻֻȨȡҴÿһʱͻȥﶴȡƣǺҲ᲻÷ָĺáԣģֻһѡ
΢˸ţĿ⣬ȴǿǷޱĶ
˵Ǻ̶֮еȻҲǷǷ֮ǹԴҲΪķɽ֮ˡĿģȴǲ˽ˡ
аţĿ⿴ͷޡ
ͷޡ£Կⶴŵˡ
뵽˴ȴһ¶˼𾪡
ҷĲô˷ˣǾǿĿˡ
ǡơ̶ޡǶѰ֮ӵЩˣпѰ֮ˣ
һǿߣ۵ˣҪΪǿҲ˵
аš
۵ȻҲǿ󣬵֪û͵ġ
ӵȷޣЧ˵ġơǧɾ֮ϿһŵرĹ԰ȶӵĻ֮лôáһ㣬۵˿԰쵽
뵽һ֮Уȴӹ˼ԥ
ȻǸϽ뿪ڡֻҪ뿪ץһСôȻǲ֪˭ȻҲͰȫˡ
ǣ뿪ʵЩ̫ġ˵Ȼ²п֮壬²ϾҲֻǲ²ѡۿǡԴŻ߾ͽҪ⿪ʹȥܸģ
һ֮ϵһУȷ֮гɳأ
ûȷ֮ǰһУԶпܵġ
ԥǡǽһȥǶ֮пһתͷٶɽԶǷ֮أ


145 ŻȺ
ԥͷݵһӶգݵ¶һ˿ϡ
Ͼǲ²⣬ʹȥֻ»ǲġ
ݶǡԴͺһ뵽п֮ôԴ˷˵ʵǡعԴȻѵõı
ޣ뾡һа취ҪŬԼʵȻһᣬ׵ķŹ
뵽˴ݵĿ⣬ңңĿǷʯ
ʯȻ׸ߣȷʮ׵߶ԣɾԵ̫Сˡ
޴ȫĵסڣֻһ೤ӽ׵ë϶֮Уܿһ㡣
Ȼǽȥ˵ġֻѰʱˡ
ݿһ֮üͷ΢һ˸
޿ɲöԸҲ˵ʵʵǶ١ȵ֮£Ҳһͷ޵뷨
ãԷһצӸץסֱӴ߿գ·֮һӡǵʮڻ۷壬¶˲Ҫˤһ̯࡭
ݿɲһԼ徿ܳܶ׸߿׹֮ȡ
־Ŀһȷʱûа취ɽ֮ȻĵΣ±·ȥ
֮ǰһ£ڴ˾֮ϣѾһˡֻϣ˷˵Ļÿʱ䣬΢һЩźá
һ߳·ƶ壬һаȻѾȷҪȥɽ֮һ̽оЩ
Ͼ˷ˣô˵ʵȻǿĿ£ڵĵƣҲûаֵİտ֮࿹⡣
Ȼǿ϶ģȻѾ˾ݱǲġ
ðվҲûУǾͲҪ̸ʲô̤۷֮ЦˡΪ䣡
νıɼеʱı֮ϡ
ıçıҲֻһˣǲʸ˵ʲô̤۷塱Ļġ
ΨıԼһп̤۷壡
ݣıԣͬҲ
㳯·ʮ׵ľ֮΢룬ǳҲӶȥ
ĿһֱѲ±ڣϣ߶ȵķΧڣҵһİ֮
ȻһСʱΧžתһȦȴһ΢һЩİ֮Ҳûз֡
΢üͷĿ⿴±ڡֳϷһۡ
ҧҧֻݵϣͻȻӿֳһɾɫĹâɫΪרעеĹââһֱ֮ϵ⣬ʱ˲伯е֮ϣʱ䣬֮ϵĹâ
ݵƣǳǰ±ڻ˹ȥ
Ϣ
ݵƽӴ±ڵʱ򣬹һĻˡƣȻҲûзֱֱ±֮ڣ·ǰ±ڣֻһӰʵһ㣡
Ȼ漴Ӵ±ڣʱ΢΢һ漴˷ɻһ㣬ſ磬Ϣķ˳ȥ
ݣȻǲϧķЩʯ飬ȫĻϸ΢ķɻң
ɫרעǰһССİ֮ջơһ漴ɫâٶӿСơ
ûǴַʽ±֮ϣٳһɹС
ȴǲ죬һܷģҲֻǷԲһеľ롣ȣҲһҡ
ǣȴż
ʱǿֳųʮڣ޽ӽ۷壬֧һֱ˸ǿȵ
ϾĻָľǿȡԽǿ׳ȻҲԽƳ
ȻⲢ˵ݵﵽʮڣѾﵽ̶ֳȡ
Ͼνʮڡ̶֮⡣Ҫģʣ
ʵϣйӵһ㵽ʮ㡭еģ֮⣬ΪҪģ
ν˵ľѾһЩʱ
ͬƻһ壬ӡһٸλֵﵽЧֻҪһλֵͿԴﵽ
⣬ǡʡ
Уʵһʱ䡱Ĺ̡ԽսҲԽǿӦĵȼȻҲԽߡ
ԣݣȻֻһھŲڵߡҲһΪĵھŲ߰ˡ

ݳԼ򶴵Ĺ̡
Сʱ֮󡭡
ջƣ³һǣһ˿Цݡ
ǰѾһףҲС
һֻ˽ȥ
ɫϢû˿ıơ֪⡰ơĴһ־޴ˡ
ãĿȴǿɽ֮⡣
ޣÿ죬ҪȥʳһΡÿһεʳʱ䣬СʱСʱ֮䡭Ҳ˵ɽ۵Ķڣÿ죬Сʱȫû˵ġ
ݽ޵ϰѾ͸Ҫģֻһ¡ȡ
ǰ޽ʳһΡҲ˵һνʳ쵽ҡ
һ֮оâ˸
ң͵ɣ
뵽˴һ漴˫΢ϫھŲķʱӦĶ
֪Ϊʲôһµʱ䣬ķٶȣȴǱ࡭ȥһ£ȻֻڽӽڡĸǰѾﵽ̶ֳˡ
ȻӦԼǿȵʱȴһ˿̾
ȻھŲ֮ٶȣʱ࡭ǰĸ£Ѿˡ
ݲԼոսӴ⡰ϫʱٶȡ
겻޵У۷壡ַɿĸоʹ졭
Ƚĸ¶жĶȻЩԽˡ
ʵȴǲ֪ٶ˵ȥֻһȺ˾ݶ
СϫҲһʱѡȻһʱ޵Уֱе˵ھŲڵĳ̶ȣٶȣݣǺΪ
֪һʱ䣬޵пʼеĻڶܴܲﵽкڶ˵
ھŲڡڶڡ֮Ĳ࣬һ־޴󣿹ǿֱѾȻ˰ɣ
Ե˶ΪݴʣǴСʼУӵʵٶȣѾ㹻ˡΪǰ֮ô˵Ȼ𾪣ܽܡ
֪ʼУһǰ˷һö֮ûзκһֵҩﵽ־Ļɱݣ鶼ҪˡȻƴ޼ҷֱۣҲҪסˡ
һʣһǱֻҪڣȫɳٴ޼еҲǲܣ


146 ڶ
Щεҡҡͷ֮£һһ۶ãġȻΣȴҲ
˵ǡҩֻһΣδ⡮ЧᱬΣһڰ֮ôѾȥĸ¡ȴΪβδֵڶΣ
˵ʵȻǲǡ˵һΡúõľһȻһЩ²⡭ֻ⡰ҩҲûб׼ȴƺŲóˡ
Ȼ˵ǰ֮ڱΣû˵һٵıһµʱΡҲǲܡ
Ͼԡ˽⣬Щǣֻû˵
Ȼɻ󣬵ɻҲֻһӶݱҡҡͷ
桭ǾԼȥбˡڡǣѾҷ£Ѳɻܵ˲ɣ
ţһЦ̧ͷ˿䡭ȻһƬģɽȻڲͣš
ݿһ֮񣬽е״̬֮С

ۣ֮̽ĿĿľԶһƬã˼䣬ΨһĴڡ
ȸ߶ȣѾѩʣµģֻ̹ǵĺХ硣۴ϸ֮Ϲ˱һ΢΢ҡΣײ±֮ϣһ춯
ݣھİ±֮УѾ졣
ǶҲûȥڴ˶֮С˱ǳһЩµĺɣˣֱԵھŲڵġϫֱӴΧĿ֮¡
һΣ졣
ڶ֮Уϣһɫâͣ˸šС
ߣһ㾧İɫ壬ֿС
һһľɫâȫݺƳƽȻŵȴǴһ˿ŹŹζĽ࣬ͣ
ϸĻԾ㵵ķ֣ݵ֮Уȴ·ǿ˴֮Ĳһ㡭ָоίʵŹ
û⣬ǡĽ࣡
ݣڳʱأһ˿ĽԼΪ֮С
ݺԼǡ㡭Ǳһ˿İգδﵽշĵľ硣ÿһʹáġӡ֮ʱҪһβ̵ʱԼһ˿
統һսԶԼ̫ģ̫СݡݸûлʹáӡĲ
ˣһµʱһֱţԼĽһ˿ס裿
ʣʱʱ̵ֲ֮̿Уõķ
˵סȻȴǰ򵥡
Ĳ˵ݾҪȫĵͶ룬ܹסȻֻҪһȥ飬Ծıǻ
һµʱȥȴ
ݲżԼְ취ûдġֻҪȥһգǡƿأͻͬһȻڲ֪УĶǹɡ֮С
Ǹʱ򡭡ݵʵȻһĽ
ݸһ˿Լĺ壬תڿ뵽ǹɡ֮С
ʱȻšܿģҹѾȥ˴롭
׵ģļȻֻһɰɫͻȻϥС֮е¸ֻһ˲䣬ݵʱ͵һһ˿ɣʱʧӰ٣
ţ
ݻȻ˫Ŀ¶һ˿ɫȻ漴۾ȴͻȻһ뵽ʲô

뵽˴ʱɿһ˿â˫ۣ
һȵµůԸȻ˳˲䣬ϯݵȫ
ָоǵաһα֮ʱĸо
ʵû뵽ǰɻ⡰ڶαʱսʲôʱ򡭡Ľ죬⡰ĵڶҩЧǺȻˡ
΢һǹӿ֮£һµĸоʱݵĴԡݵľ񣬶ʱ
Ȼȴֻǳһ˲䣬ݽյ֮üͷȴ͵һ塣˫۵֮ϣɿӹһ˿ϣ
ݵĵ֮СĿģԶһƬɫҺģšǹɾµӿ룬ʱ䣬Щһݵ֮е壬ʱ׷׵׹䡭·ע˸ˮ֣ȫ̳һεεıɫˮһ㡣˵֮С
ڴʱϷĳһһĨâȻ֮ݺݵĴ˵֮ϣ
ʱ䣬˲ҵʹ糱ˮһ˲ϯݵĴԣղȫʸУ˲ʧӰ٣ݵǣָ̼
ãȻԺ֮һӶȻ漴ȴһɾϲʱӿͷ
ɹˣ
ȻϲݲδԼĿʲô
ղΪʶѾֹͣתġϫݻָ֮󣬶ʱָתʱ䣬ڵת
ղһĨâֻõ˲˾ҵʹȴδжԵﹹκεƻ
ŵ֮ڵӿǡǿҲʱӴ
޾ˮӿݵĵ֮У
ȣֱǻһǰݣ޷ȵӿڣʲôӡ̫ǿˣǰ壬Գܣ
Ȼڣǿ֮壬ȴȫܹȵ
΢΢ȻȴδгΡʹﵽʮڣ޵Ľӽʮ۷塭Ǻεһǿ᣿ǿǰȵľҲǺް취
ݵΪţ
ھŲڡھŲ۷Բʮ㣡
ĵڶαȻݵֱ˵ʮ㣡
֮УѾ֮ǰһƬɫ뵵ģеѾˮһճҺ壡
Ȼʱǿһ̨ף
⣬ǡʱ䡱
ûͣʮڣûͣȻڲͣţݵʮڵ磡
ȵı
㱬˰СʱҡȵġŽȥգȫʧ
ݵ˸˵ľɫâ˰Сʱ֮ųһ
һӾ֮ɫݵһӶ
֮ϣһĨϲɫҲ޷Ƶ˿
ʮڣ޽ӽʮڣ
һšȭͷ
ڶҩЧŷȻȻһףӵھŲڣֱӴﵽ˵ʮڣң޽ӽʮڡ


147 
ݵͷԼ˫֣һɳӯȫ
ڶҩŷȻһסȻ⡮еǰ򵥡
Ц˳˸
һƷ׵ҩȻֻǳףϾƷ׵ĵҩʹõԭϣһƷޡޡڵҩЧô򵥣
һߵЦݸ
Ȼһ
ӵǡһαܵʱݱѾһЩ²⡣
ȣŷʵǳ󡭡ھŲڵǿ˲֪ٱԶˣôֻܳһ׵
ԣݲ²⡭ֻ֮һ׵Ҫԭǡ⡣
ߵ壬޷ȫôǿҩ
ΣҩЧ֮󣬶ʱͻһַǳʵĸоϯԣ˵ʶڶʱһֻ㱵״̬״̬֮£ȻȻĻص֮У޷յֻƾ屾աҩЧǴĽյЧ󲿷ֵҩڱ֮˷ѡ
ʶ㱡
󣬡ֻܱΡ˶֪顣ٸݡһŷŵóһ²⡪ֻΣÿһαЧǵġ۱գ֮ҩĵˡ
һαһּȻ㱵״̬󣬸Ǿľʹع漴ǹɱΪǿġҩЧʧ˸Ӱ١
ʶִ󵨲²⡪ơʱпǹ̫󣬺·ߵ޷⡣ԣĽܵһ̶ȵĴ֮󣬡ԶһΡҩЧŷӶ֤߲Ϊ⡰ɥ
㣬Ʋ⡰ҩЧļص㡣
һǿ󡣵ڶ÷״̬ҩЧһΣ񣬶ҩЧģл
һǽˡͬǷáһֻڶ㣬ھŲߣȴǿʮ㡭ԭ򣬲ǡҩЧΪһߵʣѷɫھŲߡԣõĺôȻҲԽ١
Ҫ֪ǿȵͨԶϢϢصġǽθЩطǿҪʱû󣬴һֻһЩŵرӵǿǿȵĹܡ
˵ǿԽǿܳܵȻҲԽյȻҲԽ࡭ǳʶ
󲿷ֵߣǿȶǱǿȸǿġǿŵȼԽߣҲԽ˵ĵõơ챦õǿȱȱǿȸǿʵëǣʮֺ
ȻڸܹҩЧ֮Ҳ֪νһ߷ֻͻƵڶ㡱ھŲ߷ñͻƵʮ㡱˵ʵЩʵġ
ʵϣûκһһ߾ͷùȻû˷ãôֻܻ֪һ㹦˵ֱӰҲпܵİɣϾȻлܣһ˲䱬ҲǲСݵھŲڵǿ߶о˿ֲһ˲еһߣҲǿġ
ϵ˵ֻǴ˵ʣһ׵ĽӦ˵󲿷ˣֻһס
ʵϣЩ˷ˡҲֻС㼶һסЩ츳֮ˣֲֻһ㡭֡һסĽʵֻԴѡˣڷ֮󣬶ֻһȽסȻڡ
ڵһΡҩ֮ݱѾʼ˼Σǡܶıգ
ҪĵһǡʶĻȻ⡣
򣬵ҩЧʱ˵ʶʧˡ̸ʲô취̫Щ
ʶָһַǼΪЧġǾʹ
ԣʵϵϪϣݱѾһ˿ڵ֮һءʶܼһԼٿȻá˲˻Ȼ״̬ôӿ뵤֮УʱҪȱʶƿصһ˿Ȼһ˿ŷʹĵѹ
ȻҲǰ׳աµȻ̫ǿ̫ǿֱӽƣԼԼŪ˲зϣݿûôɵ
ȻҲ̫̫ûоҵʹУҲǰݵƿȻǰ뻯Ҳǡƿеġ
ʵҲ֤ǳɹ˵ġ
ʱ뷨ܼ򵥡ȻҪģֻҪԼָܻʶܲסĽֻҪܵ˺ءҩЧͲʧ
Ȼֻǲ²ѡݲҰٷ֮ٵȷô룬Ҳǳһµڵһ˲ʹѡ²ˣǱҲʹˣ˼ޣǡҩʧҲûʲôʧ
²ˣôʵʱǻһأ
ʣ˭ɣ
˵ڵʹ᲻ᴥȻҲǿ˵ġ֮ȴǸо̫ܡ
һΡҩЧڽѵʱ򣬲ȫֹ֮֮ͣࣿϾֲĶô֪ݵĵ΢һ£
Ͼͨԣ֮ҪĶࡣһ⣬ǽܵˡǵֱӱ˹Ǻܵ𻵵ġ
ңݴУǶĲ
ҪӮˣʵʱͻһءҪˣҲȱһĻѡ
ϪϵǸʱκһ˿ݱʤһ뼸ʵĶģܷ
ڿݣĶˣ
ʮڣ޽ӽڵʮڣ޽ӽ۷Բ壡ڵΣ
ŵ˵ٶԣĶӵġ¾Ҫˡ
ݵ֮¶һ˿ЦݡƬ֮ͷԼ֮֡΢һһɫâʱ֮Ȼ˸
ͷһʱֻݵֵ֮ϣһžɫĹâʱ룬΢һ֮һʵʵľɫӰݵֵ֮ǰ
ݵǶʱһ˿Цݡ
пӰľһӰȻȫᣬκûдﵽʮʱ塯ġڡɱˡ
һһӡֻġᡱһ졣ɫʱնһԵ±֮ڡֻáǡһ춯±֮ϣʱһɫ


148 ɽʯ
ˮԵġӰȻȲϽԵȴҲԼơ
ݿһĵ˵ͷǵӰҲһһ⣬漴ʧ˿֮С
±ڵʵأѾȫˡ
⣬ǵʮ㡰ϫʱ֮󣬱Ե
硭յġɶ֮
һӰ֮ԶƬƬ⣬ǡʱ䡱
ЦԼ˫֣ȻƬ֮ȴ΢΢һ㶣漴˫ֻķȥ֮ϵϲɫҲ
ͷĬƬ֮̾һһ˿ԳЦݣҡҡͷɼȴܹȻԡȻ֮󣬻ĸ顭ǲǻиǿĴҲδ֪ɥ֮ȮһĸϳţֻΪôһɼ־˵յǱ
һݽ̧ͷ˶֮⡣
ԶԶϣǿ̫̫࡭ңûʸ񽾰ûʸ
ݳĬĿɽ֮⣬ĺ磬ҹͬǺһҺУ˹Ȼ
ݣС֮У̧ͷ貵ķǡ

峿ıǴ붨֮˹̧ͷһɫ֮ϣ¶˼ڴ
ձǵ졭չɣǷޣӦҪ뿪ȥʳˡСʱСʱҵʱ䣬һᡣ
ɽ֮һĵȺ죬ȵģᡣ
˴ɽ֮ĿԿǼ󡭡ǳɹĽɽִܲܵɽûʲôΣաҲ˵
뵽˴ȴ΢üɫ΢
Ѿ죬ȥвʡɽûʲôջٽ⿪ͷһšҲֵá
еʱ򣬵ʧһ̬̬꣬Ҳʧ̬ƽͣʧҲδûеáͿȥ⣬ˡ
ݺܿԼ̬˫΢գǱĿ
ȴʱ䣬ر
ʱ֣Ȼ

ļȻ֮䣬һ֮ͻأɽ۴ʱɽ۵ļž
ţһҵȳҲɽ֮ϣһ޴ӰļȻڿնֱ嶷
±ڵС֮ڣݽյ˫ļȻ֮УһĨâһӶĿ⣬ʱĳŶ⿴ȥ

һļȻһƷ֮Զһ¡
ǳڵķ򡭡
ʱһվֲһ֮󣬱׵Զһ֮ޣȻȥԶˡ
ڡ
ݵʱ¶һ˿ɫٳɡ
ζʱ˶⡣һԾʱԾʮ׵ľ룬˫סһŶ۴ϸһһ֮ͦʮ׵ľ룬̼ѷӶɽ֮ϣ
ɽ֮ϣһΨߵģɽ۵·һɽأ
۾һβδ˿ͣĿ΢һɨһţζʱǻһӰɽ֮зӶȥ
ʮ׵ľ룬ݣѾִ
ݵûƬͣûɽ֮С
һɽΧĹʱ
ݵĿ⣬ʱɨӶȥ
ǰһ·ӣתʯͨ쵽˸֮Ϊйսǣȴǿս֮Ρ
ݲδŽ棬Ŀ΢ϸĴһƬ֮֮¶Щ
ɽȻγɣȻ֮ͨУȴܿΪĺۼӣ˷ȷ֮
֣ߵǽڡ棬Ϊۼ
ɫѾȫȥʱȴǲ̡
˿ܣֵͷ˿¡
µ·֮ϲδжٵʯΪƽϸĿ˿֮ȴ޷Ӵ˴û
ݵüͷ΢һ£ȻƬ֮ȴ¶һ˿ϡ
Ѿ˴˴ȥʵԸġ
뵽˴ݲٳɣ̧ǳȥ
չһսǣԽİݵϣȴ˸һɾɫĹâΧĿռ
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ĿСĵѲܡ֮ȷûʲôĻءСһЩܲд
ȻһֱͣǰΧľһֱȴδжٱ仯ȻҲûгʲô֮ڵ
ԼĪСʱֻԼѾ׵ľ֮󣬹չһ䣬ݵ۾ȴǶʱһ
漴֮ϣһ˿ɫ֡ŲҲͣ
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Ƭ֮һһԼ漴Ŀ⳯ҿ˿
ȴδżǰϸĴһͨʯŵҡ
ȷδʲôΣ֮ݣߵŻĸǰ
ݵ߽ɫâԽݵĿʯţȻһ˲䣬ȴȻ׻һĻһȻֱʯŸǰͣĿ⣬һ˿ֱֱͣĿʯ֮ϡ
ֻǾ޴ӵʯ֮ϣݾɫâӳ֮£һӶصͼȴǽĸ˳
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һͼޱȣĵʯ֮ϡ·Щ⿴֪ӵĪܵޣһϱڶһ㣡ӯһɹصϢ
ݣĿŻȻ͵飬ȴ¶һ˿ζ
ֱĿʯţģοʼ΢΢֮ϵѪɫһ˿˿ˡ
ˣ·Ǳ˳һ㣬ĿͶ񡭡
Ҳ֪˶ãļȻ֮䣬ֻáۡһ죬ݵһһѪʱĿк׵Ŀ
Σ˺֮ԶǿסΡȻݣѾһƬҰףһ˿壬Ȼ֮У


149 ֲʯ
ϵľɫâʱ˲ðȥȱϵľɫâŻ֮ϵͼŻȥ
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ݣݲҰףĿ¶亹֮ϣǹһ˿죡۾ȴĶʯš
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˵ţУӹһ˿ļ£
ڸղţݵ۾ʯͼһ˲䣬ʱ·ضһ˲ȫʧ
һ˵Ĺ֮ʱʹʯ֮Уɢ
ȴҲǿǰûŪʲô¡ʶ֮УֻʣЩͼ
Ȼعͼ֮ϵޣȻǡһ˲˹
һɺһʱݺݵѹݵ֮ϣ˲䣬·һָͷҲȫס
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Լϵľɫâʯ֮ͼӰ֮ʱȴ֪ǹʵԳܣϵʱܵʯ֮ϵĹӰȫʧԣӹһ١
ݵһףͷƤһľţһƬĿĿʯš
ܵʯ֮ϵĹӰɢֻ´ʱѾһˡ
ݣɭȻ૵
ꡪǱΪҪĴڡ
һˣ궼ʧˣôǻţҲֻʬ⣡ʵϣһ˵ɢʱ򣬲Ǳ־
ݲ֪ûй귽ĹⲢڵĿ϶
ԭܼ򵥡ˣ괩Խϵġ
ûꡭôô˴ģ
ȻһʱݽӴڵϸ
˵еġϫ˵ܹκеˮ̳ɱǻǰǲŵġ
Ȼ֮ȴòšΪˣͿ׵һ㡣
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ǡԴȻݺ浽˼¡ȻȽɻǺ߸ΪҪһЩ
ֻ⡰ʯšѾ쵽˵زɥڴˡʯ֮ǲǻиΪĶǶ᲻ΪֲǸʱԼǲǻôõ
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ڵʵʲôܿġ
˷ˣʲôĴڣ
ݵڶΣʡһΣĶˣ޷Ƶĺ桭
ɽ̶̶عԴơ֡ޡڼǸֲĹʯšһеһУɸ˷һһɴ
ȻݵҲ֪ô룬Ҳǲܻʲôġ
һԿ϶˷ˣǳǿڣȵڡʥá֮Ǹˣ޼ҵġһϡҪǿ
ݿûǣǿߡ޼ҼۡǸֻһۣҲס΢ߡϡһ
ݴǿ˫ۻǵˣڿʱָоǴԽôʱ֮УΪ
ô˵뿪˴˵̫죬ûоԵʵ֮ǰǲҪٴ˴Ϊ
˼֮ݲǿƽһԼ顣֮ϵҲɢ
֮ɫʵΪĪͨ˭鶼ðɣ
ٶȵһԼ飬һٶȸǼӿ˼֡
ٶȼ죬ʱǰȻһ˿ڣѾˡ
ҴӽȥڣӦҲŹһСʱҡǷޣӦǻûл
Ȼţڽӽڵʱ򣬻΢Σ̽׳濴ȥ
Ȼ֮һƬտǷޣȻǻûл
ٳɣζʱǳ֮ǰСķ˹ȥ
ܿģǻصС֮СĿ˺ü֮㽫飬ȫĵ˹
УȫûĴֻΪǹʯŵܣĳ£ܹ򶨵̬
ڳĬ֮ȴ̾һ
һǲ侲
뵽˴ݵǣһ˿ɬЦݡ


150 ¾
һ࣬޴ķɤͣĻصɽ֮䣬޴ΣҲױȵٶȷšʱƲ㣬ʱûƲ㡭Եң⣬òڡ
ѹ֣࿪ʼʹûзԷְʣݵصı£ʵκ˳Բѡ
ݣȻС֮УƽԼ顣
֮Ϲһ˿ЦݣȻһĨļ£ȴȻڡ
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ѾȥһСʱǷһСʱңӦҪˡ
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޿ǻɵģĿˡݴʱ뿪һǡûķ޷ô죿׵ķȻǵȷ޻صɽۣٶȥ
Ҳóᣬһơ
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תʮڡϫʱȻ
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뵽ͷӿһ˿ļ¡
ǹ̫Ӵ󣬷ǵһ˲ƱߣϵӴѹǲ㽫嶼Ǳһµʱﱻǡơһֻ´˷ݾԲֻѪǰ򵥡
ʯ֮󣬾ʲôһ·ͨȥȴܸоͨһ·£ȻͨɽصġԴʲôȻ˹ʯУ
ոоݾѾײֹɴ㣬ʯ֮ӦǡԴڵλòŶԣ
ʱǡԴس̶ȣٶݵһΡ
ô˵ڵʵǾûа취ٽһˡ͸Ͻ뿪ɡǵȵ˷˹
һ˷Ź֣ݿûǿߵƤȻ뿪
뵽˴ݲٺ˼룬񣬶ʱǳӦĶ

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һСʱʱ䣬ܿȥǷޣҲͬһһɳ죬صɽ֮ϡ
Ȼɽ֮֮ɺ֮ȴ΢һ㶣ɻĿɽ֮ڡ
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ݣ
УļȻ֮䣬һϸ΢Ʒ֮ȴ͵ݵĶСʱһ͸еһ˿֮±ڷ򣬳Դ˹
δǺݱѾӦ½Ȼһ٣һ䣬ʱ۶һ㣬ùһƿ֮
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ͷʱһ
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λøȥѩããߴľҲüΪСҰȴǼΪ
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һ뵽ϾҪ뿪壬ҲǲɵĿٶȣҲʱӿ˼֡
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һĻʵЩɻ󡭡ڶ죬ӦҪá
뵽˴ݿЦһҡҡͷһУȻǲԳ֮
ЩûݣȻҲĵȥǡ߰׵ľ룬ݷɿٶ֮£ܿ죬Ѿִ
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Ȼǽ̤ʵصĸоð
һ֮ϲֳп漴ȴ̧ͷľ޴塣İ֮ѾûƲ֮Уǿϡ
߶ȣֻҪǧϰɣ
૵˵һ·ȻзȨ
ƺȲǰİǧ˰ٶסǣǧ׵ĸ߶ȣԺƽĸ߶ġҲ˵߶ȣԴﲻ־˵ĸ߶ȡ
ǰ壬ǰεضĸ߶ȣͳǧסһָǷڵϣѾ֮ˡ
ûм¼ݵǲˡΪ֪ۡ
˵ҵȷҲӦȥһƵȥһˡ򣬶һҲ˽Ļʵ಻㡭
ţһջĿ⡣۾ȴǲǰһƬ֮˹ȥ


151 뿪
ƮƮѩ£ƬװװعĿǶˣ˿˿⡣Զɽ͵֣˲ֻ֮
ھ֮ϴһ£ٿȾ󣬸һΪ˵ĸо
пһݵһ˿Цͷ˿ԼŵĺɫȴǲԳһЦһµʱ䣬ҶҰ˰ȥϴһ
ţҿ˿˲ӣľ֮Уȥ

ʱ䣬ȻŶʱ̫Ѿȫɽͷɫİ
һȴ΢΢ԾšԱߣһˡ
ѩҹȴδͣ£Ȱ˼֡Ȼ캮ض֮£ˣȴֻһƾɵĳ㣬ȴǳ
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Եļ֮ϣһֻѾ˽ɫҰáˣЦݵתŴҰõ֦̬ң
ˣݣ
ݣûǰǱģһͷںڵĳһԺԵüΪһ壬¶֬һļ׳ЭȲԵüΪȴҲԵüΪһһ飬âӳ£źĹһ֪Ⲣ¡ļ⣬ʵϳӯž޴
Ѿ㣬Ҳ̲ס֮˺һ⣬ŽС
һŨζʱ˱ǻ֮У̲ס¶ɫ
Ȼʳó԰
̾һһ¶һʱһֻҰãĸС
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Ȼڵ壬ʲôһһγȺʳʵڱζصĺɣӵĺϺĿζһȻͬůůʸУԸлڣ˼Ϊܡ
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һԲ£͸ܼڣӳϡĿЩʧ֮󣬲һ¶˼
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ԽϱûмңûѵġȻһʱ̵ĹģޱƵĹģȴһɡҡܰУ꣬ȵСĳԱǣһӵСѡĸо
СĳԱã֮ϣҲ¶һ˿º͵Цݡ
һʱ䣬ȷǷǳֵӡϪϣҶûʲôĻ˵̹ϣҲ
ݵԺ֮УӹǵЦò
ӳ꣬Ըأ˿ߣؽ󡭡֮ͬУΨһݿ۵ͬСꡣ
ӳУƢԸӲ񾭴ûжĳǸ֣һ𣬷·ʲô鶼ܱúܼ򵥡ȻƽĶۣպĳɾͱȻǱȲ꣬ڵС֮УϲıСĻ֮һȫӵĿĹͬҲȫ֮ˡ
ԸʣϣʱᣬʱҰŮС𱬶֮һƺ˵ڣȻƫԼ֪ǵСŮ֮еĴҲһЩǡ
ƢԺûжĻĴӡ
޾崿Ů


һӹݵǰ֮ϵЦݣԽĴ
Ȼ֮֮ϵЦ΢΢һͣ漴ȴǱ˿Ц
Щˣڶ޼ҡ
¡ǣѾΪԼѾ˰ɣ
ݵԺ֮Уֲ뵽˵ձ׷ǱӴܵģ
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죬Ҿܷ޼ң򣬲ǸԼѰ鷳ѣ
Ѿﵽ˵ʮڣӽڵĳ̶ȡҵٶȣֻҪŬ죬ȻԶ
һµʱ䣬˷áơ֮⣬ȴûиȻԡɶ֮һ˿ɶܷ죿
֪ôλᣬȴҪúõĸһأҵ⾳߼֣
ͨɶ֮Լײˡĵ֮Ѿᵽ⾳ȵйΪҪ
ݵĿ⣬ԶԶĿȥ
ķǡ޼ڵķ򡭡޼ڡ춼ĽҲ˵пܱͨ춼ĺѭźұܽ롮춼
ݵ΢ŵĹâ
롮춼޵죬ٽ޼ң
һһ˫֮У˵ĺâҹյĳǡ
ԡ㣬ҵŰɡٶȹݣᡭ𾪵ĸо
ᣬȻıȴű⺮Ϊ

̤ǰ춼·
ѩأݹһˣͽС
ʱŸ߸ߵƷĬʱƮѩ㶳񡭡ʱŴٵĺӵʱźХĿ¶
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߷ѩǡ
ˣֻѩصҰˣѰһѩЪ㡭
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Уԭɽ·ɽ磬Ƿ硭ѩѩǺ
жһ̣ͻȻȫ˹
ѩ裬ľġɽġġصġ
һеһУУͻȻȫĲͬ
ͷȻȴʼոһ㱡ĸĤ·ܿȻ֣ȴԴ
ʣһ·С
ǵԼ˼ɽ߹˼·ֻ֪һʼѭźķУȻڰ֮·ѾȫȻԼĿġ
Ŀĵšš
·ޱߵɽ֮У޾ѩ֮ڡ
һڣڶȻĽš
ֱĳһգյѧļȻĴƮƮվһƬտĿҰ֮У̧ͷѩĳãУͻȻǰδеľâ
ˣ
Σ·һ˲䣬ŷѩƮƮƮӰá
Σ·ǴĳζƮƮ죬ĥƮƮѩ
һζΣȻ͵ģһ£漴ΣȻͬʱ֣
ݣȻһ˲䣬ûΣ
Ӱ΢趯Ȼ󣬽ĺ£м䣬һӰ
ݵͷ˿£漴̧ͷ˿ա֮ϣȻĸֳһ˿Ц
Ӧѩͻѩ衯ɡ
һ֮ݻһܡ
Ҳʱ뿪˴ˡ
ţΣ׼һȥʱʧķѩ֮С


152 ݣ
춼λڴ󻪹֮ϣǴ󻪹ʮʡʮ֮һ󻪹˵춼ķ֮ء
滷ɽһٺһ棬Ŵ󻪹һ
춼ĶǣΪ춼ǣ춼ĳС춼óġ춼ʡݵĽͨŦνҪ
ͨ˴óĽֵ֮糱Уſڣ֯һƬٲʢʢ
춼Ǽ󣬴ӳϲǱҲҪһСʱжˡ
춼ǳϣһ춼֮жΪĽ֡춼ǳ񶼹ܴ˴һֻ֡Ϊϣǿͽݡ
½綦ʢʦȻЩŴҪľԶʲݲ֮ͨ˵ЩʦţԶǿɼǴ˵еĴڡʶʹˡݡһе
ݡ˼壬רŴѧĵط
Щطϵݴݬ룬ݡѧѧǹáҪɱޣҵȴǼѡ
ˣڴ½ʢ֮£ݡ⣬ȴһֱǼΪ𱬡
ʵϣ½֮ϡ㲻ѧôߵʲôط˱ӵĴڡǷ䣬Ǿ¥ȵСˣǵϣҲԶһЩġֻʵǿ⡣
գ⡰һ֡ȻһƬֵľ󡣸ݴŴ󳨿洫һ󡰺Ⱥȡı֮ȭ˾ҲǲΪ֮һ𡭡
ǡһ֡ϱȽһΪŵݵĿˡѾʮ꣬ΪŹ䣬ʶ廹ӲʣҲǼΪ
ⶫѾʮ꣬ʸһʵҵѴﵽ˵ھľ硭ڵʣҪٽһ졣ÿÿ֮Щеģ̲סпꡭ뵱ЩʱҲͬһӵ޵ľ徢Ȼ²ˣһۣʮȥˡҲʮ߰СӣͷףݲϵĻˡ
ȴɻĿſڡһɫֲˣѾվڶŵƸʾ֮ǰõʱ䡣ǿŶڿ̿еǡ֮Уƺ˼ʲô
֮Ӵӿ˵λվߵ˵ǰкСӡ붫ô࿴ѾվСʱˡҪţֻ轻ɶͿԽȥһͬˡ˵΢΢һ£˿֮漴ֵûǮҲǷš֮ڣŷѲҲͺˡ
˳˼ģֿ˿ԷϵȻЩģԼΪѳʣǿ˵˳
ΪԷΪϱȽ׾ݣԲһֱſڣһ˼ģ
˵ĳ˼ϣ΢һ£漴ӹһ˿ߣ·ĳ漴Цŵ˵ͷҪ붫šѧͽҪӦƸ
ӦƸӦƸʲô
Ȼһ£ûлعﻹֹЦӿÿ
Ƹô
һ£ȻָһԵһľơ
ľ֮ϰֵֽдŴġƸ֣·дƸĶ󡪡ƸǿΪʦ¹ʮ԰ס
һ£ȻָһԵһľơ
ľ֮ϰֵֽдŴġƸ֣·дƸĶ󡪡ƸǿΪʦ¹ʮ԰ס
ƸȻûзӦɻŤͷָķһۣ漴۾ʱһɣŤͷ˾㵵ӦƸʦ
˵˵ͷ漴ɻôǲô
Сȷߵʵ
һ£漴ȴǻɵĿˡʮ꣬еġҲ䲻ʮ꣬³Ϊ֮⣬һϰ֮ˡվڵظɿ壬ȫȻûھǿ߸еġվɡһʡʵڲѾﵽߡ
ңôС䣬ʹﵽھˣ඼Ǵӵܣô䵽СݣӦƸʲôʦĳ̶ȣ
뵽еɻŨ
˿еɻ벻ţ΢һ֮ȴʵЩЦá
ǿ߹Ȼ̫ϡˡ꣬޼ңûдﵽľ磬ֻ¶ʱҪԡϲ񡯵ĳνˡȻ˵Ҵﵽ˵㣬ߣȻǲţ
˿ЦãΪ֪½Ļ
½綦ʢ˲֪ٸͷиѧķǧơУȻҲݬˡ
һЩûдϵĴǳǺ䡣߲㣬ȱ˺õòߣֹĽ׵ĳ̶ȣĻᡣ
ͬ޼ҵġϫ׾ӵһʮķϵĹʵټĽҾ󲿷ֶǿĴİѳ֮СѰҪõڿҰ֮⣬õĳλǰµؼ߾ߣμЩɵͽˣܽСһǽӵӴĲһЩ׵ķȻǶġ
¶ĲţЩЦáȴҲδʲôЦ˵ҪӦƸҲҪͨһ˵İɣʵ˵Ǹô
ٶһ㵣Ŵݵ̬ĵĪԼĿˣ
֮󣬻ǵ˵ͷȻˡСѱɡ˵ãСûдﵽھĳ̶ȣϷˣҶţˣ׷ŹСѵġСѿҪ
ȻЩ̫š֣صһ䡣
Цŵ˵ͷȴδ¶ʲôҵɫüͷʱһ壬漴ȴҲٶ˵ʲôˣǳŴ֮ȥ
֮ڣһͥԺͥԺ֮УŲʮ߰˻Ӻš˿һȴҡҡͷ۽磬Ⱥ˵ʵȻĿˡ
Ⱥ˵ķǰźɫװˣȴⲽĮĿ⣬ѲΧѧͽǡżҲָԷһЩӣǡݡʦˡ
ߵ󣬾е˺ԺĺԺ֮С
˻һֻۣĺԺ֮УҲŲٵˣԼĪʮң䶼ʮʮҡһŸԵ似
үү
۲Щ似֮ʱһȴˣɵŤͷȥĵط


153 
УһӻɫŮ˹
һԧ쵶һӻɫװ߸ԼĪһҡΪ㣬
ȥŸȽϾҵ˶֮ϻһ˿ĺϸĺ飬ƽĶͷ֮ϡЦ绨ڵġ
ǺǡС㡣
͵͵۲˱΢һ㶣ŤͷŮ֮϶ʱ¶˴Ⱥ͵Цݣ˵ͷ
үү֮ǰڸҵġƵмط̫ܸٽһô
Ůܵߵĸǰ
һ㶣漴ֺǺǵĵ˵ͷãáһҾ͸˵أ
ڷءָָԶķӣ漴ЩʵүүҸô
ŶλСֵǰӦƸʦġ顣ЦӦָָˡ
ӦƸʦŮһ㵣Ŀⲻ˿ȥ˵ʱԱһ漴㵲۾㡭ھǿߣ
ŮȻЩˣΧеˣʱǳ߿˹Ȼ˵ʱһж¶˼㵡
˵û뵽ŮķӦô΢һ֮ӣšǰɡ
ǺǣС㣬ڴдһλСֵܣȥ֪ͨһСֵܣԺ򡣡
ͻȻЦ˵漴ǿ粽ǰȥ
뿪ŮȴŵĿˣ֮󣬲ͻȻʵˣ
Ȼһ£漴ȴ¶˼Ц⣬˵ʮˡʮˡ
Ů̾ĿˣôС䣬Ѿﵽ̶ֳȡҾͲˣڲŸոմﵽھĳ̶ء˵ţŮı¶˼ɥɫ
ӣŮδ˵Ļ
һЦȴҲ˵
ˣҽжأʲô
ŮͻȻ뵽ʲô漴ڳʵ
ңҽС䡣
һ£漴ǿڴ
䣿Ůظһ顣Цŵ˵ͷ
˵һλӢҪҶţ
Ů˵ʲôһˬĴЦ֮ȴͻȻ


ܣЩԭеˣʱǹֿˡ
عͷȴǿһ׳˳
˵ģ׳
ꡰ䡱ҲǺĿ˹ȥ
׳ԼĪʮģֵ׳ꡣ߿һ׾ſ⣬ο֮࣬һЦʱոһССѣԵΪֿˬ

ʱںһ
ǺЦŵ˵ͷĿ⿴˶ꡰ䡱۾ȴʱ΢һ£漴ȴӭȥֹЦλλӢ˰ɣ˶飬ⶫ֪Сֵܡγƺ
ꡰ䡱΢һ漴ҲЦŹ˹ЦˡСӡ䡯
˵꣬ꡰ䡱Ҳ˵Цǰλ顭
΢һ㶣Ƭ֮ȴָֻ˳̬Цŵ˵СֵᣬѾﵽ˵ھǿߵľ硭֪
ȶ˵꣬ꡰ䡱ЦŴ벻ǣһԱ֪
üͷʱһ漴ЦŵãСֵܵҲˬ֮ˡȻˣĳҲٽ飡
ȻĳСֵܱȻ汾²ŸҵˣСֵܲҪֲǡ˵꣬鳯ꡰ䡱΢֡
Ӧõġ
ꡰ䡱Цŵ˵ͷ
Էܼ򵥣ھڵһơ£ǹءӲ¡˵ȴ΢Цû˵ȥ
ꡰ䡱е
ڽʱ߾Ѿ˵ĺס£ȻͳΪⶫŵʦӲ¡Ҳ֤δﵽھĳ̶ȣҲϷˣ˼ҡ˴ǶԼˡ
롣
ꡰ䡱δϻ˵ͷʾе˼֮󣬱ֱӿ˵
΢һ漴˵ͷǶǰ˸߿˼֡
˵һԻȻΧ˵УԴˣ˶Ƕꡰ䡱ǲǴﵽ˵ھ˺档
ȻﵽĿԸһЩϾ˼Ҹ򾲵վûмֱ£ˣ
ȻЩȣ𾪡Ͼھʮ߰ǿߣҲǼġֻԼߵʱ򣬶ٻЩѡ
ˣҿɾͳˡСֵܣˡ
Цŵ˵ͷꡰ䡱˵
롣
ꡰ䡱˵仰Ƕһһ˿ɫĹâʱ
ɫϿԷֱⶫеģӦԵĹ
ɫꡰ䡱ȴһаȻ⹦ҲǷŵȵġȻûϵĴ⡣ҲȡҪͺܶɣ
˵ʱ´ҶѾ֪ꡰ䡱Ǹմʮɽ֮߳ݣ
֮˴ʵΪڽ֮ͻȻ𡭡ϣǰǮҲûС
пɲɽҰ֮С˿ԴֻҰ޳һ¡Ѳڽˣ˱ͳǴԣ˾ڽ˯ɣ
Ҫͻ֮Ȼһ顭Եһ£ȻҪԼȰȻһһ
Ȼݳ˴ɱɱĹǲȻ˲ˮߺûʲôԵĻǿġǣο
ȻûƲЩе˼ֻĿģǺúõУһ̽һ¹޼ҵΡĻһ±ֹһһ죬ôʱ䣿
ѡѡȥҲֻʦɶȱȽϸߣͬҲܺúðĹȽʺˡ
ⶫšѡĶѡ
䡱֣ǡݡӷг
ݺ޼춼֮ӵжȻɵԼʵǱˡ
Сֵܣעˣ
һȣݻعţһƿ֮ʱǴӶȭͷ֮ϺХ˹
ݵݱûжٱ仯ģüһ֮ȴǱһ˿ɵ漴һҧӭŶԷȭͷݺݵһȭӻȥ
Ȼһȭ濴ƺʵֻһѡ
ǵʮڵǿߣǵʮڣⶫʵȻֻǵ㣬ҲǵĲҡĲ֮ҪֻֻҪһȭⶫʱҪһ̯࣡
飡
һ죬ݶʱװУ֮΢һ˿԰ס漴ֳ嶫˵ʵǿ䡯
Ƕȴ΢һһ˿ȻһӶ漴ɫָջȭͷ󡣸ղݶԹ֣ҷȭֱ֮ϡ


154 붫
Ӳȭͷ
аһɼʹһĲͣȭ֮ϴ΢Ӳ
˴ǶţݡΪȻϵʹ˿һʮȭûôΪԼȭͷ·Ҫѿһ㣿ҪǱֳֻ¶ʱҪʧ
ݡ˵Ȼ㲻ж󡣵֮ͨУһݵǿɶľ֮ˡݱղӣǿ߼ˡ
ѾӪʮ꣬춼ǵȦ֮УҲСΪȻҲͷ棬óš
װĸ˫֣аֹǰСӵȭͷӲȣ΢һ˿ӲЦСֵܹȻѾﵽ˵ھڵǿߣĳţȳӭֵܵļˣ
ݿöԷı飬ȴǰЦԼȻֻһ־ǿȱϾǰطġ㣬ɲٿءԷڵϮκε˺Լܵһˡ
ͺñüȥʯͷ㼦ô򣬼ϾǼʯͷײ
ⶫӣֶֻѾʹܲˣɻҪ¶ЦݡΪˡ
ţѾ˵꣬Цݡ΢漴Цŵͷˣлˡ
޷޷ӽֵܣҶŵڶʮλʦˣڼֵܣպҪ׽׽ǰ
ŤͷʦЦ
Щʦݽ¶Ĺ֮һ鶼΢ݡӣȻѾﵽ˵ھ˰
뵽˴һݵж΢Щͬ
ЩʦȻײʶ˱﷽棬ȴǲϾֻһ˫ӷЩܻĸá
ǰΪ䡱ˣȻһֲòȴԲףôСʹﵽ˵ھĳ̶ȡֻı󣬺һЩҲ˵׼
ʦͷǰšǽݻֵãǵļ֮С
½ľʵôʹﵽ˵ĳ̶ȣұпЩ£˵׼ʲôʱҪ㷭ǲ̫㡭
˼ȻֻЩʦһαǹȥˣһĳݴкҲ΢Цһһ񡭡
ݵȻǲġڡݡȦ֮Уȴ̫ˡ
ʦ˵ǽѧͽôС˭Ը⽫ԼĹ׸ݣϾҲûжĸ顣
νĽ̵ʵҲǽһЩзѡ
ʦãʵ߹ݡ롰ݡģ
ϾѧͽԴҲ޵ġҪãȻҪԼ
Ϊ˶ʢ磬߹ݣһƬʲôĸΪЧ
˵һݿһݵѧͽԴҪõǱȥ߹ݡɡ
¶Լ˫սʤһռԴܵһȻ˳⣬ǡݽ硱Ĺأ
ȻܵһҲȫȻûзĻᡭֻҪ㹻ĶıǿߣȻǿ߻ȥ㷭
ݵѧͽ״֮⣬ֻѧһЩ֮ѧͽǣȴǲ澿˭̵ǵġ
ʵϣ˭ϣԼ
⿴Щ̫顭ʵ˶ʢ˶ϰˡʤΪķ򡭡
壬ֵܵŵȼ֮飬鷳ˡ᷿м෿ֵȥɣ
Ťͷ˵
õġЦŵ˵ͷݵ֮У̲ס¶̾Էôʱ򣬲Ųһ׺ڶѡԷѾ׳ˡ
Ǵһк֮ݱǸߵ󣬳Ŷ᷿ȥ

ص䣬Ϸš֮ϣҲ̲ס¶ʹɫæһֱڱһ֮£ȴʱһ
ֻȭѾһƬףĸͷһѹ֣ʹ
䣬Ǻ·꼶ᣬȻʵԲֻڣҵǴˡ
һ졣ɻ˼㡭
ɻɻʦҵ֮еͲ١ȻС䡱꣬Ҳص֮һȻɻȴҲ֪ʲôʣʲôʡ
ʦʵǷǳɵģҪģֻˡ߹ݡԼҪ߹ݡʱЩʦܳ潫˴ܣˡϸ˵ʦȻڡݡ£ʵκһݶûʵܹЩʦġ֮Ĺϵ¼ϵ˹ϵ
ԣݵεأ鶼ûаֵĹϵҲԺסڡݡڣ쿴ѡ
䲻ֻҪ΢һ£Ϳ֪ǲǱɹļϸˡ
š
ݡȦԡ߹ݡ롰ݡΪӯġԣһЩǲµʦһ֮У֮ڡ߹ݡ򡰻ݡս֮гӶΪ档
ȦӡҲܹ̽ĵ֮жЩʲôʦټϣÿܻмסʦġһġ߹ݡս롰ݡսǲδõεʦǰġ
ⶫš鱾˾һĽڵǿߡҲʮ꣬ȻҲǼΪסѡЩˣǶ̡
˵ȻǻҪƸʲôʦҪǵģÿ»Ҫ֧ٵĳ͡ݶǰ׳ô
ǣô˵һʦԽ࣬־ݵʵԽǿᣬλԽߣԽ󡣱ҲͶǱڵѧͽԴ
ȻųյϸĿԣܲΪͷʦɣΨһǡġݡȻҪŴ󼪵ġ
ǻڷԣҲʵЩ飬Ȼ֪б׶ˣϾǴڱ׵ġԣȻΣҪȥ
ţһתȴߵԼķ
Сӵȭ湻Ӳġҩ
ֹţѰ

СֵܣԺסɣ㿴Դ˴ɻ⣿
᷿һ䷿ſڡ
Ŵ󿪣輫Ϊ򵥡һŴӣһԲ󷽡
ֻǿһ֮󣬱Цų˵ţܲлϡ
΢һ㶣㵵ô֪
ǺǣСǺġЦ˵
ûûѵСֵ˼ҲܰˣҲˣСֵܻøһˣǼһ£˳һ·
Ц˵Ȼûʲô˵˵ͷǸȥ


155 ŵ
Сʱ֮ݴһССİصԼķ䡣
ֽеİ˴ϣ̧ͷ˿ܣƬ֮һ˿Цݡ
Ժܳһʱ䣬ңҪסˡ
һݽϵСС˿
棬ŵһ׺ɫľװһ˫Ьӡ
ɫװʽڶŴ֮ϼЩʦϵһġɫԵΪɿΪʡؿڣýɫϸ߷һԲȦùдš䡱֣ȥҲΪÿٱ·ÿࡣ
Ȼô⴩ŵˣкòϵɴȻҲӲԼֲ
ɫװһ׸ɾİɫ¿㣬Щȣ漴ȴ̾һ漴֮ӿһ˿
⡮ݡ춼֮ƽ޼Ĵȫ޷ᲢۡȻ⡮ݡʦĳ̶ȣ޼ЩԴ˻ҪΪģҲ˸еů⡭塭ǣ塭
Цҡҡͷ漴ǽϵ
ҲһֻȻһµĸо
ںڳһɫ˿ԺһɵĺɫװļǺе쾡¡üĿգһɫĺ£ǴһϢǴŵһ˿ºЦݣһ˫ǳƽ˼صϢָٶ
ɫݣ˼Ʈº͡ɫݣȴǶ˼аء
·ȴ˴ϣ漴˸¶˳ɫ
Ѿôģˡ
Ҫص޼ңﵽ죬ȡ衣ԣе죬ǵһҪ¡
ӦһҩЧŷĻᡭҪﵽ죬ĲĻ̶ȣҪǶһ˿ɶҲǡ֮⡯򡣡
ԣһαҴﵽʮ۷Բȴ޷ﵽ졯
ֻǡȴǿġΨһķҲֻоȥǣпĳһͻȻ򡭡⣬ȴǼõ顣
뵽˴һҲЩΡǶһֱǿ顣ȴԸıġ
ҡҡͷݼΣǹ⡭
ϫֻǺ칦߼ҲֻǴﵽ˵ʮ۷ѡҲ˵ͻƵ쾳磬ȴûС졯ĹеĻһҲǰ״ú칦ȥݡ֮ȴǲ֪ܷӳ
뵽ȴΡ
ͻơ֮ŬŬЩաϾҲһˡһ˿֮ġɶҲһЩᡭ⡰칦⣬ȴǿͳĶ
ʵϣ޼ңҲǺڡ칦Ĵԡ⡰칦һѵá
칦ɲȺ칦ǿǿߴѧֻڴﵽ֮Ժ󣬷ſСеķʽ칦ҲǴв졣
Щ칦ڴ󻪹Щ֮ж֮ءҪõĿǰԣȻǲ̫ܵġ
һ֮ҡҡͷЦ૵ˡͻ֮żδӴھͿЩҲ̫ƮЩá޻һ¡ȿšﵽʮ۷ɡ
뵽˴³һվ˿ɫȻʡ
ݡżһҲδһ£
һ䣬漴¶һ˿Цݣ粽߳˷䡭
ⶫ֮еʼˡ

Եʮֵˡ
Ȼǲ˲̽ݵĵϸˣȻҲ֮е޴Ӳ𡣲һ㵹ǿȷ⡰䡱ݡļϸֽ֮ǵĽܸˡݡʦ
ݣҲ˶ĸףҲⶫŵƣ
һԼʮߣӹǼΪӲʣĿ࣬ӣȴҲнӽһװ˼ĸͷվӶߣҲ˿̬뷢԰ףȥһЩ϶ּζ
ʵڶ֮ߵģݹ۲һ£ƶϳھҡ
ھ޼Ȼ㲻ʲôһҲнǧˡ˵ڶߵһˡȻ֮Уǿߣǵ֮ĵһǿߡѾǰ׷Բԡ
ݵʵȻҪȶԷǿ̫ࡣϰ׵ĵǶãҲ𾴡һ̸߿ݵУѾԶһƬˡ
ȻͷҲϳɾܿݵĲȴδ˵ʲô·һвһ㡣
ԴˣȻҲǲѿжⶫ˵ĺøУɵһЩеʱ򣬺ܶණǲõİ취
ǶŵڶʮλʦȻ˵ʵϵĹǡ߹ݡ롰ݡӣҲҪȥѧͽϿεġ
νϿΣʵҲѧͽԼơȻԼһ΢ָһ¶ûλҲͿˡϾͽ˶ѵѧϰʲôڹķɣ
ôʦķΣгϵʱȻһɧٶʮ꣬ԱݸһЩѧͽʱͲˣһȻݶмֻɡ
ݱ鵭Į΢һţֱӽϵʯѷ֮󡭡Щʱȥ
еʱһ򵥵ĶʮԶĸΪá
ڵϵʱ򣬲ٵѧͽҳѧͽ˴˴ݴһЩǮƹԭܼ򵥣ҪԼҵĺΪӡ
⵹Щˡ˿Щ˼ңȻ㲻ϴ󸻴󣬵Ҳͨƶ˼ҡʦķҲΪķ񡭡
Դˣݲ֪ԭݡǮģҪ״ӡ
Щ״ӣȻǴ󸻹˼ҵĺӣжЩǮÿİʦãҲ𡭡ŵ״ӱʮˣЩ棬ʮټƽصġ߹ݡݡõһЩ棬һ뵶Ҳǲ͡
Ȼڰʦ֮飬ȻǺˡԼ׶Σյӣ붼û
ЩҳҲЩģҵĶǶԴˣҲûаְ취
ϾʦȻڡݡ£ʵ˼ȴ֮ݣûȨҪȥ߹ݡݡġ
ǣ磬ñ˽Լѧ׳Ǳű㷭
£Ȼ޹ˡ
ЩݸģȴС


156 ݵġ족谭
ʣѩݰںԺնӦšĽࡣϣڷ﹮ԼΪ
꣬ôһ죬۲ŲֳͬĲ̬ͬеһ˿ɶ
ȻȻڶ֮ˡҲԵ̫ҡܵš
ڴ˴ŲԶűһƬĽľ֣ģǸĺȥ
ʱȻţһµʱ䣬
֮⣬һµʱҩЧȻձҩЧ֮ǰζӵǿҡݣǽһԾɹĽ˵ʮ۷Բ
ݣﵽ˵ʮ۷ԲǿͨĽһ֮Ҳǿﵽ˵ʮ۷ĳ̶ȡ
˵ֱԣݸٶײ֮ڵĵƣǼ򵥵ġװЩԽ֮ɱ
ݣĴﵽ˺۷塣ɱһһԼ족֮Ĺˡ

ʱ䣬ٶȻһ¡
ѩʼڣ֦Ҷ³ѿķҷϢϢѾϯ˴ء
һҹĴ꣬ýգһʵĺµȻȣϸո¹꣬ʶɡ
ݳĿա֮̾һһһҹ塭ϵˮ飬Ử¡
һҹȴδжջ񡭡
һ㿨ʮꡭȻһͻƣôס
վӣ֮дһ󳭶һĴ졣Ȼţƽͣδٵļ
죬˵һ֮еĲȴ֮Ϊ̤һ㣬ζ˺;񣬶һξҵɱ䣡
Ϊֱӵģȵӳ
еĺʮ۷ǿߣһʮ굽һٰʮңѾǼޡǲͻƣҲǵֿʱ飬ֻܻһǣֻҪͻ֮֮ĸ£ʱָ
ͨǿߣͨ굽ʮ֮䡭
ϲȻ֮Ȼﵽ죬ʱƾݻ˥ν족
Ҫǡ족֮£еΡǲ˵
ȻѾܸӦһ˿ɶһ˿ɶȴǲ̡
ʵϣݵȴʱã
ˮɶ˵Ĳǡ׵֮ڡѩƮ족һȷģͨ족ĵ·
ݲ⡭ʵϣֻûԼҪһ·ѡ
ˮɶԵڰ˲ڵʵԱȵʮĹ֪֮
˵Ĳ࣬ӵвͣӡʣʮĴ֮ĹΣ޷󡭡ΣԵھŲڵʵȵҲ޷֮֡ǿ֮
׵֮ײǿһ֮£Ϣ֮ڣٶ޵Сڡ족ǿûײٶȸĴڡٶ֮죬ͬ޵С
ǶѩƮ족ȴڡʮɽһʱġѩҲˮĳ̬֮һѩ֮Уݷһ˿ѩĹɡӶˡѩ衱Ҫľ֡Ʈ족
ٶȻȲײȻȴʤڸΪѲ⡭ʵϣǰϪϵʱӦǡѩ衱λѲ⣬ٶȲһҪ죬ȴöֲ֪һȥײֻҹ֮꣬ˡ
ġѩ衱Ÿһ˿ΣֻܻûӰһһЩʱơϲԵУҲ˵⡰ѩ衱ǿˡ
ЩԶúھȥƶǹȴҪȵеĺ칦˵ơ似ǿʣֻΪУ̺һ˿֮⡱Ҳǡɶ
ˡãǡһ·Ҫ׷ģ
ǡ֮ɶȻܼǡࡱľǡ׵֮޵ٶȣֻڻǿġѩ֮Ʈ족λѲ⣿
ݲδȥ룬Ȼһ˿ɻͷĳһ֡ɶ˽롰֮
ڴˣݲǲ֪ȴòһεľ桪̫ǿġɶ̫࣬ڵʶȥκһ˿ɶʱ᲻ԾĽóһȽϡһȻͲ⣬ȻҲᵽĳһ֡ɶˡ
ȷһεľ桭˵䲻Ļݲܽ⣬ôѧ·߾ͽֹҲ˵
̾һҡҡͷһԵϡϾɫâһʪ͸˵·ʱǻָ˸ҿ˿֮ݱǳųȥ

ֵܣôȥ˰
صŸսţһͬε꺺ӣЦųݴһк
ڶڣǰǰҲˡڵˣȻҲѾϤ
꺺ӵкҲЦŵ˵ͷǻӦ
ˣСѾͷƺءٺ٣ֵܣϸ˵㡭˲갡Ѿͷ˵ʵҪģģҪġҪϸʵ̫ЩѾˣֵܣҪסᰡɾҲ˰
꺺ҿ˿֮ͻȻ˵üɫ裬ݵУһ˿֮ɫ
꺺⻰ҲЩЦá
ԷеġҲⶫŮݸոǰӦƸʱ򣬼λӻɫŮ
ʵҲ󣬵һƷòʶΪڵ뵽ŵʱһֱ껪ĻŮʲô顭ݺ棬ݣȻףҲΪףŸԵ
ݵȷˣټϲ׵ʵǴƽ͵ʡԺɨһƬĻŮ
Ȼ˰ϲҲһΪʹ顣Ͼ˵ʵĲò֮ޱҲ˿ȻޱƵıޣȴǶ˼ޱûеֱ桭çһŮǴˡ
һŮճϡֻҪһˣ¶ʲôᷳȻҲˣĲ顭
κΣݺڵԼ̸˵ʱ򡭡ԣһղ̣ĳһղıͲܰȡ
ʱȥ̸ʲôʲôۣݣݣ


157 
Ȼ̶µʱ䣬ΪŮĶȻʲôġܲҸоõֱӶ˼Ů˵ҶûȤ㻹Զһ㣬ҡĻɣ
ʲôҲȥ⻰ҲЩ̫ŵˡϾ˼Ҹûб׹
ǣΨһ뵽Ĵ취䴦
ȻԸ񣬵ڶһŮȻ濴ȥ񣬶ԶҲЦЦ֮Уȴһ־ǧĸо
ȥ˱˹ģֻϣǹԼ׹ɡ
˴кݱǳźԺȥ
սԺţݱǴ˴ֻڶ᷿ڴһȺΧǶ·ڵȴʲô
գһ۾¶˼档Ŷ᷿ȥ
ЩԼʮ߰ңֵഺ١ȴǶŵѧͽϵĴȻǲӦ⸽ΪǮ˼ҵӵܰɣ
ţȴߵڡ
鷳΢á
м˵ڴݲòڿ˵
ݵʱĵļ˵ע⡣ϵĴʱһж¶˼ɫĿ˼ݡ
ǶⶫŲİȻҲϵĺɫ˼
ѵȥԼ˲꣬ȻǶŵʦôھ֣
ֲ²Ժ֮һӶǵĶûͣ¡˫ԩ޳Ȼһݣ׷ÿһЩ·ǺĿݡ
ݲδǺ񣬶Цŵ˵ͷȻǰȥ
ߵϣսǴӭ˳һŮһһŮŶУһе΢һСȻӦ֮
еƺڵĶŮ˵ʲôֻõķ첢󡣿ȥŮôߡ
ֻһۣȴ΢һ㶡ŮģǶ
ǴǱ߹ġղ˵ԼѵԼģ
ţͷĶȴ̾һȻ̧ͷ
ǡݵĿײһš
΢һ۾ʱ¶һõЦݡ
Ļ䣡
ߺţǳӭȥ
ڶߣͣ˵ʲôǱͻȻŵĲЦݸԵĴסˡȻһԼĶʱ֮ϵľ޳δüֹͿģ
漴һԵЦݶʱȫʧȡ֮ģһ˿ɫ֮ϡ
ͣ˲ӣһĨεЦݣС㡭
˵˽ͿܵݵĸǰһĿȸԾһݵĳν;죬ӿá
ðɡ£
㶣漴εҡҡͷЦ˵
ţȸԾĵ˵ͷղߵӼֱˣĵ˵ҺԼһȥһģһȥɣ
˵꣬˫ϣĿݡ
ݣʶľҪܾ
˭
һԴӶˣ˹Ǹղ붫һˡ
ǰҲԼĪʮ˾ӡһϮΪĽ޳òҲΪ㣬֮ѾȻһЩëٷĸ֡
ȴֻǿһۣ΢һüͷ
̬鸡ݲ԰ףѪ㡭һһȵģü֮һƬɫ˶ԵмаϢ
ֻƾһۣݱɶԴСˡ
󣬸ŵһԵΪĬԵʮӡӵװվλãӦǰλĻһʵҲ㵽Ĳҡʵһ㡣
䣬ܡ۲ţݻع
λС°ҵĺѡЦŸݽš
Ϊ°꣬һĻٶһеٶһӶ
ȫʶġ
ǿ°ѯԷʲô˵ġ
ȻȴʶİԼܸԷҲ˵Ӷĵ׶ԣԷԼˣȻڶԷ
뵽һ˿𣬶ʱӿ°Уӿ˳ԽԵ
һĻȻûжݵ۾
ݼҪͷЦ֪ǰп°ļһѾĪĽˡ
°ҶӦʦŶˣѾﵽھǿߵĳ̶أ
°ҫƵĳ°ݡ
Ľܣ°ͷʱ΢һĿ⣬˶Էϵšղͷȫ⣬ûע⵽ԷϴģȷǶʦĺɫ
оȶʱһζԷȻǵھǿߣ
°ӹһ˿ȣ°ϾҲǵ֮ˡ˵ЩԾԷʵϾҲǼٵġ󡱳ģ
ߡھǿʲôҿ°Ǽͬھǿߵģ
뵽°ͻȻһЩĪšھǿߣ·Ҳʲôˡ
ھǿôһֻһʦѣһһΪʮۻߡ
뵽˴°öԷֻһˡ
𣿺ǺǣʵӢ۰ᣬѾﵽ˵ھĳ̶ȣʵֵҺհ⻤Ǵﵽ˵Ĳھĳ̶ȡҪֿʱֽֽ̡Ǻǣѣҿ°ѣ
°ͻȻֺǺǵĿЦ˳ɫ˵šʵǴ·Ļĳ켶ǿߣָһݣѾݳ֮ˡ֮Уǹɵ⼸Ʈ
ԴЩ·һԴż˰ɣ
ͷһתȴǿЦáȻһŶҫԼġء
ǺǡˣллΪΣҲֻܸɸɵЦһ
ʵֻǸӶѡҪȻ°类һŸߵ֪ʲôطȥˡϹ
°ԷЦӣΪΪԱǵٿݣ·Ѿûа취ٷ׷ˡ
ȴǶԴ˲δԴ棬ڶ֮ģҲǼΪϧĳȻЩС۶ˡҲˣֱѵõԸ
°ĵĿģҲ۾Цŵòã䣬һȥ𣿡
ʶ׼һھܾȻͻȻ΢һ㶣Ŀһӹλ°ݡԷȻҲڿ͸һ˿
룬Ƭ֮ȴĵһ̾
ⶫŴôʱ䣬٣Ҳر˼һɡ
뵽˴ݸ˿ڣЦŵðȥʲôط


158 
춼춼Ķһسǡеķٲʢǲġ
һϴգÿǿʯ֮ϣȴ޶ٵĻˮֵ֯ĵ¡һЩ̯λ֮ǰҲһЩΧ̸ۣ
һЩ¥֮Уһ˿֮ĸһȲ֮ҲǼθе͸˳һУ֯·ֶʢķ̬֮
ѾǵһνСµʱҲ߹ʼȷ֮ܶСĴˣҲ;ûʲôˡ
εţεĿһߵĶ͵͵Ƴһ۸һ鶼мֽӲĶġѡǡʼ
ӣܵԹǲС
ݿЦҡͷ˷ܵĺܡһһ£һǻһĿһ˫۾ݿóǼװֱˡǽֱֳ棬αƢ
䣬ȥôǱ衭
ߵһͬ԰һĵطͻȻǰкöΧʲôһֻȺ֮дһ̨̨֮ϣһЩ趯ˣְ貽Ȼǵ׶
ֻһۣʱȤҲݴӦӦݱĴȥΣҲ˦ֻܱˡ
һȺˣһɫżֹŹ֡͵ȥмһ꣬Ѿ࣬ļܵˮ
٣ȥǸС䡯СӺһЩøаֻ¡
°ߣһݣȥҲǾɫ˵Сڿ°ߵ˵۾ȴǿݳǸ̨ȥıӰüͷ΢塣
˵°ʱݺݵĵһۣŭ
Сӵʲô·ģҲǰʱȥһˡôͶôһСӣ°ʵڵŭ˼¡
Զ˼Ѿһ¶ˣȦѴ֪ġȻǰʱǰʡף뿪¡ŸոջҶˡû뵽ȴɱˡ䡱ղŭ
Сӳģ˵ھ֣°֪Ҳһգǡ䡱ԭ򣬻ʵɣ
֪ҾҲúúõһˡ
뵽˴°ȴҲΡѾʮ꣬Ѿ͡Ҳֻһ׺ڵʵѡҪͻƣˡ
֪ǡ䡯ǰͻȻڶŵġһʵΪס
һ꿪˵ڴˣϳ˵ˣǶŵѧͽ֮һȴ״ӡ
Ѿﵽ˵㣿
°ҧЩ̫ŵʵ
šһδеʱмС壬ֻ̡̧̧ţȻôһ壡ʮֺʯ壬ʱ߰˿飡أ
ԣæͷ˵
ô°ҲһȴԵЩš
ʮֺʯ壬һҲ߰˿顭ҪǶϣǣĸζҪȳɣС
ߣʯѣҲѰ֮ǰŪŪˡڴʱһŨŨмĵͺȴ
˶һ㶣ĵطȥǿ°
°漴۾һȷ󻢡Ҳܣ
Ϊ󻢡ĻһҲʲôһ̧漴һ䣬ֻġ顱һ죬ǿʯ壬ʱѳ߰˿飡
˻

ģ⡭
ΧȻǾˡ
ֹȻ˵ʵǵŲô֮áȻЩ꣬һǼͥȽϸԣȴֲʲô˼ҡǵļ壬Ҳƽ֮ǿĻһЩ±ȴǽӴᣬӴߵȵѧ
ǶԣһʯǼ̵˼¡ҪŪѣǵ֮Ĺ߲ɡ
ȻڣݵˣֻǶ˶ţôһ̵ʯ壬ʱǷѳ߰˿顭ǵĳ֪ˡ
˾̾Ǵ΢һͷǹżֵΧĹӸǡ
ʵ֮ȻŲʲôŵģܶʱһЩǿߣҪʵͽģͷȻԴ˴°ү֪ԭҲǿԺģԭҲǿܵĵֻЩǿ߲ſܵ磡
ǻɵƣǵĴܣ˵ʲôѰѧʵʵǵʵͲǣҲԹĺܺã
һšȭͷ
°Ҳǵһμ󻢷Լʵʱǵɴ۾Ȼ֪ǵĲǿߣȴ֡
ʵϣߵĵȼޣ󲿷˶ǷǳģġϾҲûʲô߻ᾭǰִ򶷡
ˣ֪߷Ϊһʮ㡣һͣʮߡǶÿһ㾿жȴǴ˶ûһ
ԣ°ݣ˵ǵھֻ֣Щȣȴδо־塣֪ԼĻһĽ׸֣Ȼδٵ𾴡Ϊ֪Էжǿ֪Էһ־ҪȻ֪η塣
ν֪η
Ȼ֪ˣ°жʱ¶֮ɫ˵Ҳ֮ǰǰ߸ˡ
󻢡㣬аǸСô°֣Сĵʵ
ߣСӣҲǲڻ¡󻢻˵
⵹Ǵ󻰡ĲھǿߣԸھǿߣֵġȻǰǶԷǡ㡱
°һ⻰ʱʼ˸֮ȴ͵һҧ
ãү׷ǶˣǶһǲ䲻ȵġǸʲô䡯С£ǶԶ˹ȥӣҪѿ
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ǶŲһССݶѣҿ׼£ݣҪŸ󡭡ֺαؾȻĲУҲֻӲ˵ģ췹ҿǶܲԹԵҿ°Ůˣ
뵽˴°һͻȻڵҶһ£˵
Χһֱעſ°ı顣һ˵һ۾һѵģȻһ֮ˡ
ʱ°ϣЦݡˣҲ¶Ц
°ʹһɫЦŵ˵ͷǳǴޱȵϷ̨֮ǰ˹ȥʱѾ붫ˡ
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Ķع񣬿˿ɫһ죬ȻҲЩˡ
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ݴӸղſʼû濴ǱߵϷһֱȺ֮Уʵ۾ȴһֱĿ°ˡ
ȻԶΧȽϳӣ̫˵ĻǣⲢݲԹɫı¡
һ°⻰ݵȴ¶һ˿ЦҡҡͷеʵŶ
Ȼ룬ݵıȴǿ˿Цŵͷð
°ݻشˬ죬¶Цݣͷȴǰŭһ˿ɫһζ漴һСӣھЦɣȻҪ޶޲
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ЦţˣǱ㳯ųš¥ķƺƵȥˡ
Ȼ߼䣬ȴͻȻŤͷ˿ܡƬ֮һ˿ĮЦݡҡҡͷǰȥ

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ĿˣҲԶŹʣ֮ǿ֪ЩǸ֣
磬λʵҹġλԽߣʵҲԽǿ֮Ȼ
ǡݡּġ棬߲˲ǿһƬŲʮĿܲ࣬ȴҲپˡл켶ǿߣҲһ
ȼǡݡ߶ԵʦĲοģϣǽȻͬ
°һ߽⡰¥ʱˣǱΧݻװθĴסһЩ
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ԭȥΪʵ·ΧʳһȣʱЩˡ
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ڹ۲ſ°ԼȴֲҲδо
⣬ű̬ɡ
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ڡħƼ䡯ܱߵĳġʵķ˲ٵǡүҡҡͷͻȻЩ˵˵ġΪǸбҪķ
ֽݶʱɻװʲôݻʱһȻɴ۾
˵
ֻоԼ·Ҫǻ漴һȭͷѹסԼ顱ֱԼԱüĺĿ⣬Ķˡ
޷ǡүȻ֪ԼһһУһһѾ˵С
޷̾һ֮Ҳӿ˼Σû취ô쵰ϾҲҴ硭ижԲһֱΪ۰˴ѣ˼ȫٵվһֻһ߻ᣬҲǱȻŹġãǸˡ
˵޷̾һ
ȷй۰ġүҡҡͷЦ軨ֻħƼ䣬޵ĳѨ֮ԵġֻҪЩ޻һʱ佫֮ɣǿԼָϱϡչôһ꣬Ҳ첻ɡ
ǰ޷ҲЩп漴վЦˣҲ˵ʲôˡʱޣ׻ڼеȴϢҾˡԺлپ۰ɡ
޷˵ţšү˹֡үҲЦŵ˵ͷվ£޷ǳŶȥ
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޷뿪۾ʱһɡ漴Ȼ䣬ֱԾ˵棬漴Լ·ٶȳʱĵطӶȥ
һ£ȫٶȣٶ̫죬ΧŮߣҲ˿δࡣǴӹҲֻоһķѡϸһȴǸӰҲûз֡
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ʱѾԸ룬ΪʲôμһѰ軨ΪοȥǡүȻҲ֪Ϊ޷ǡүҲˣǡүȻԷ·ҲǼΪһ
еһУڵݿҪҪģֻһ޷еģ軨
һҪõһҪô̺
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ܵˡ¥ǰһƽһͷĶſڣȴ
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̡ǸͬĸһŮˡΪܵ˺
ݲòϣЩųΪܣ⼸Լӵֻ̡Ϊ̵ʱ򣬹ͷԹŭӶ޷Ƶǰ޼ұ
ԣĺӡڻص춼͵͵ȥ޼ҡһۡ
˵ųҲã˵Ҳաĺ¿ӡȻµģجģ
ݲȷ̵ج֮ɳʲôԣаοԼбƽչˣ̻ġġ
ǣĻô
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164 вң
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仰ȴѡ
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Ȼ󻢡ʱ򣬿°ͷȴ͵һ漴Ŀٶȿݡ
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뵽°ɫĿ⿴Ķ
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뵽°ɫ֮Уӹһ˿
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вң
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165 ݵԥ
ʮ۷ǿߣǺεһۣݻֻ΢һƣסȫĻֻ¿°Ҫʱе
ʮ۷ѹһһڵߡǣ֮ȡ˶ԷҲˡ
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ֻɨһۣݱŤͷѾһϵеıŪЩ˵Ķ߰ɡ
Ȼ࣬Բǰ׳աһϵеıȻЩزȻһ֮ȴǲѲ²еԵɡ
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Ƭ̣漴ȴ΢ͣɫЩʧĵͷƬ֮󣬲ֿ˿뿪ķ֮£ֱĳϱߣȥ

ݵȺ֮вͣšĲ󣬲Ҳ졭ٶȴЩϵĿ졣
һѾ˺Զľ롣
ţݵȴǰıţ޷õ軨Ŀģǽ뿪ķǶţȻǰ޼ڸġ뿪ҲӶѣӦûûгǡ
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⵹ǿԡ
ô˵Ҳʮ۷ǿߣ춼֮ͬУǵ֮ǿߣһǿߣҲһԡҪɱԣʵڲʲôѵ顣
˵춼֮µһˣҲ޲ɣ
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Ϊܣټײѩ衱ٶȡʵ󲻳޷ƾʲôԽ˦
ȻԷĶңѡһ򡭡ҲпܡϾݿûǵ׷ٵ似
ֻǡ޷֪ԣ޷Ȼᱻ׷ϡ軨Ҳȷݵ֮
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ݵ˸ݡ


166 ׷
£͸¶һ˿Ź֡
ʵںǺ棬У׻ʲô֪Եɣ
ȵһ㣬޷μҵӣȻһ𡭡
춼˶֪һ춼ҡҹϵУ޼ҶΪصĳ϶ƾһ㣬޷ͲӦûμҵߵһ𡭡Ȼʵǣߵһ𣬶ڵڴ͵ʱ򣬻޷μҵڵӡȻϤ
ڶ㣬ǱүμҵӣȻҲ֪֮ꡭݾ졣
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͸ɻˡԣȻҪμҵȥѰʲô軨
ǴӡħƼ䡱ܱߵĳϵһ㣬֤ѵأμңΪҪӦԵҪ󣿶ԣƾȴȥҪμңʲôȥҪģ
Ҫ֪Կ޼һεļ̳ߣƾһ㣬ԾͲӦ޼޵μй
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뵽˴ݵӹһ˿ϡ
һ֮ݲٳɣµٶȣʱӿ˼֡
軨۶Դ̵ƵûãƾΪѰõҩģݾбҪõɣ
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ȻˣβֱĨɱҡ֮У
ݵ֮ӹһ˿Ȼɱ
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춼ǶţŸɣΰ
Χ׻СЩˣ춼ǡľʿҪְ𣬱άƽ͡
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춼춼ĳУڳǲ˽ġǱ֣ʱҪЩʿ߷Ѻܶ
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ЩʿȻѹƴ󲿷˵Ĵڡ
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ϾǹңطӴ󡭡ҲֻһѡȻټĹڹҵġҪǱƼˣҪ㣬Ҳʵɼ򵥡
ԣ޷Ȼ޼ҵĵӣ춼֮Уþ˾ηҪ˵˵õʲôλȴǲ̫ܵġ
Ȼûλ춼ڱ߾ͲɲСʶʱ޷뿪ʱǲ뿪ġ
׷ٶȲ˵һֱеĻӦþͿܿˡڣȻ֮⣬Ӧ˽Ӧġ޸ˡ
ţĿܡ
ǰ޼ҵķڳ֮ĶϷȥǶɳɡ˻ȥϷΪҶ֪޼ڸڣǰһ·֮ΧѾֻһ˶ѡˣǳŶɳɵķ򣬻ֱӳŶȥˡ
ΧûʲôˣݱҲٿԼٶȣΣʱǻһӰǰ׷ȥ
Ƭ֮Ȼʧ֮ڡ

ǰ޼ڸ·;֮ϣƥ޼ҷһ·ȥ
ǰһƥɫͨѩףû˿ɫһ֮ϵĿͦ꣬ͬҲһѩס
Ǹմ춼֮г޷һƥ֮ϣΧ׵Ļµġ
޷ϣĿһֳֻһֻȴǱһɫƬŵ
﷽ȥһ೤ֻУ
޷ƳһеУ漴ĿȴǾɨܡܵľɿĵţԽĽӽ޼ڸ
軨ΪǱ˵֪ȻҪġȻڿƺ֪ȴǲܴ⡭Ļصз׵
޷а뵽Ťͷȵٶٿ㣡
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һжʱ𣬰ٶȣʱٶȼӿ˼֡
һۣʱޣݺݵĿ֮һ˻֮󣬺ٶҲǼӿһЩǰ񱼶ȥ
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ļȻǰ޷͵һ֮ڣһӰԶվ˴·м䣡
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ĿƽԽԽӽƥδ˿Ļҡģ·ڵȴһ㡭
޷ʱ͵һ֮¶˼ֽ䱸һȴʱߺ޼ҵӷңǰ֮·
޷³һףĻصΧɽ֮䡣۾Ķˡ
Ȼ漴۾ʱн䱸
ֻΪ֮󣬵˴֮ǰˣȴδаֵĲûգһ¡
˲䣬ƥ˵ľ룬ʮ
ʱ˵Ǵһ˿΢Цˡ


167 ޷
ֻ΢ƽ̧һɫĹâʱҫ˲Ϣ䣬͵ĳĻ㼯ȥֻáᡱһ죬âȻǣ漴һɫ޴󳤵ʱ
âתɫ壬ҫĿ
Ȼ޷֮Ȼ䣬ѿھ壿ʮǿߣ
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ķӦȻҲǲ˵֮ͬ¶˾ɫҲȻοգȥ
ȻһڵƥȴûôķӦٶˡ
ǵεʱˣʮ׶ѣ
ʮףǵٶȶԣ֮һ˲䣡
˲δᱩ˵ˣȻһ֡
ɫ޵̼仯һƬâɨ
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ѪƥԱи룬Ĳ
˵ʱ٣ʱ졣޷Σƥʬ׹ءһ˲䣡
޷УһпУϵѪɫȫȥ
Ŀ⣬ֱֱĿˣȴĲţ
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ѣѵȻѾǵʮ۷ǿߣ
ǣ⣬ôܣʮ갡ôܾʹﵽ̶ֳȣ
ѵǳʲô쵤ҩˣ
޷оš
Ǻܴģ󻪹ҲֻǴ½һǶѣ춼½ԣСĲС
޷ҲԼ˴˵ĵҩһһҲûе꣬ں̵ܶʱͻƵ죡
һ죿޷ֱѾ޷
Ȼ޷С޼͵ţʣҲʮ֮ǰǿﵽ˵ھŲڶѡԣ޷һֱţϾȻĵҩֱǲܵģ
û˱ʵﵽ֮ÿͻһ㣬Ҫķѵľ
ȻڣǰȥʮˣȻ־ʮ۷ǿȡȴɲšɣԷȷǳĳĵҩˡ
ǡԼǵʶΪʲôҪͻȻϮԼѵΪ˻е軨
޷תһֻ˲ѾתΣƮȻ֮䣬δء
Ȼ漴ȴûʱȥˡֻΪ꣬ƥ֮˿ͣ٣ΣļȻȻһâ
޷ɫȻ䣬˲סڲУְַγ䳤
ɫâȻϿӿ
ϾҲǾŲڵǿߣΪһߣûаʵôܣ
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˵΢һоɫ޵ɣӭӶϣ
䣡
ֻһӴ޷ġпӰʱɢǣһɾӿ޷ɫȻһףۡһѪ˳ȥΣȻɣ
Ȼһ˫۾֮Уȴʱӿ˾ɫļȻ񺰵ݣݣ
˸ճֵʱ޷͸оеĳͼΪ졭δ룬Ͼʮ۷ǿߣԶǿԡ塱ģԷȻһȻ𾪶ԷʵδԷʹõģ޼ҵľѧ
ȻһӴ֮޷ȴʱķ֡ԷеĳǼ򵥵ġ塱ת֮УȻһϤµǣ޼ҡпӰʣ
޷ĴԼһƬհףڸӦ˲䣬һСųӰӳԺ֮У
ԵĶӣȻԵĿ˵ݣҲǻᡰпӰģ
ټ϶Է䡭
ݣݣǣôݣݲӦѾɱ𣿣
޷ͷһƬհףĿһƬ޷š
޼ҵĵһšȻԴĸǰһս֮޼ҵ˶šᣬ޼ҵڶĵһˡĶݣͬǵĵһˣ
۶ĸ޷һִȻȴȫȻ
ʲôݶֵģĸסѵҪȥĸ˵
ܡǣУһֱȴǲġʼ޷ţڼ֮ķϲ񣬵꿴Լ۹֮оԶհԼȫӵСӡʣȻҪã
޷ţ
ţҲ޴ȡ֤ˡ
Ȼ졪ԼʮˣȻôˡпӰǿ޼еľ޼ûйϵôãôã
ʮ꣬޼֮ˣʵе⡭еһжָͬһˡǸų꣬ݣ
ӦֻеھŲڵʵǸ˵İѵѵ̶̲ĸµʱȻȻͻƵ˵ʮ۷壿⣬ⲻܣܣ
޷۾˲ͨڿе͵̧ҧĳǡݡ꿴˹ȥ
Уǡݡȴδ׷ɱ
ʵȻȻԷʮ۷ǿߵĻǸֵֵҲûС
䣡
âӹͬһıҷ˳ȥеĳѾƬѪ硭ʴԴѿȻ廹ڿУˣȴѾˡ
飡
޷ݺݵˤ˵ϣݺһ·ȫƶλãһѪٶȿ
ȻһɱѾȫȫҵĲšһҲȫȻûУ
ղŵһУѾķθȫ飡ڣվѾûУֻ´ʱҲѾ
޷ѪһƬҰף͸¶һϢ
Ȼ޷ҧأ۾Զ
ļȻǰһһӰȻ֡
꣡
޷ɴ۾ĵǰɫĮȻˡԺУСųΣǰ֮ȫں
㡭Ȼݡ
޷ҧ˻Ȼû˰ַԼϰĶˡ
΢ĬǰѪ˿鲼޷Ƭ֮󣬵
ʮ磬þò
ȳƺ޷һ֮ϸֳһ˿Ұס
Ȼ㡭


168 ɱ޷軨֣
ȻѾﵽ˵ʮ۷塭޷֮У͸¶һ˿𾪣Ķݣ·Ҫͨ͸
ʮ縸׵ĸɫûжٲ
޷ٶһ
ʣѾ֪ԷϮɱԼԵɡ
ΪԵĶӣһԡ
֮޷ȴͻȻ¶һ˿Ц
ȻвԱСϣ޻˵
ݵ΢һ޷ֱĸоԷⷬƺһ⡭
ֻǾĿ޷ȴδ˵
ֻ֡ô֪һ޷˵̧֮ͷ
֪Լ㲻ףȴԸҲҪ֪Եɡ
¥ݳĬһ£漴δ
޷Ӷʱһݵ㵱ʱҲڡ¥˵꣬Ŀ⣬ȴǿһԡ
ڲоֱߣš
ǵģΪ
޷˵еĲ²⡣
޷΢һٶ¶һ˿Ц
ݾĿ޷о޷ֱߣȴ˿޷ܻὫ֮𡭡
ݵٶȣ޷ȫʢʱڣҪ־룬һҲҲ롣˵ˡ
˵㶼ˣ
޷õͳ
ˣҲˡݲδ
޷һְɡ
㲻˵Щʲôȴδ֡
˵Źң޷
ݳĬƬ֮ҡҡͷ
Ҳ˵һְɡ
޷ٶȲЦ۾
ݳĬĿ޷Ƭ֮̾һָ΢һâʱжԷͷ
飡
޷ӦѪԶͷ֮ѾĲ
ݣĿŵϵʬ壬Ƭ֮󣬷һ̾
޼ҵ֮ܳĵ޷ˡ
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ǿٲδȫɳʱȻޱȡڵҡֻоﵽ죬һıԼʵ
ݽšȭͷ
ĵˣѾԡĸ飬ɵĴڣ
ԣʮ۷ѣݵʵ൱ֻĻݿ»ԵĶֻ֣ΪԶƿѾﵽ¯ĵز
ͣʮ۷ʮ꣬Ϊ˽һԼʵŬơƣǿȥǰ򵥡ԵߣΪײԼԱΪȫݡӲӲݾԵĶ֡
ڣݷǵʮ۷Žӽʮ۷壡ĻʮҲԲݵĶ֣ҲΪ壬ƣѾûǰƣƵʹáٶԣӮģ϶ݣ
ǣ鲻ͬȻݲ֣󣬱֪һ
뵱֮ϣңңһգһƷ޶ʱֹУɵģ
ʵʵĴﵽޣǿߵҡҡһ֮УҲҪʱΣȫ޷ݵеƣһ̣˲ͻʧȥã
ݲ֪һ֮ǲ۵רðա
һҲӵԼţԶѰ
ԣһУҪȴﵽ˵
Ǻ쾳磬֮˽⼫Ϊޡֻеﵽ֮Ʋһп֪ǿ֮ԱȺǿǿԭڡҲֻʱвеס
ϧһӣһжҪץһЩˡ
뵽һʱѹסͷ뷨ŤͷǺڲС
ݵǣ¶һ˿Цݡȥм
żֺ棬ݽĺڲ򿪣΢΢ҿһ϶
ʱһӱĹ󣬴Ӻ͸˳
ɫԲĽɫ֮Уһ곤Źֵ壬ݵ֮С
忴ȥͬһŽɫɺͨ徧Өûа˿覴áɫľתȥȻĸо·ǾӨ֮УԶҺһ㡣ȥΪˡ
軨ô
ݿ۾һޡ
ϣȻ治а
ȹֲҲ֪ôɵġ
ϣ軨ô̺ɡ
аš
ʵ֪軨ôƾƲ⣬ӦǶԴһЩôġϾ⻨רΪѰҵġǱֱӴͬһơЧʲô֮ʲô
˸ӣúڲãݽ֮С漴Ŀȴɨһܡ
˴Ҫɨһ¡ʲôۼ
ţֽ޷ʬץУһ۵棬΢һȣʱֻá䡱һ죬·ضǲһһ㡣ڸղ޷ɵĵطѪ̼Ǳĳסתȥ
ʵﵽ˵ʮ۷壬ӲȾˣǾˣ޷壬Ͳʲô
ߵߣеİ˼ϣץ˵֣ٶĿҿ˿֮󣬱ǳŴĿտشȥ
ȻϾɫâɢȭΪƣŵ֮ϣʱͻӻȥ
һ޴ɫӡֶ䡱֮ڶƬ֮֡ǰѾһ׶ʮ׿Ĵ󶴣
ͷһеʬ壬̾һ
޷Ҳһ֪ԼҲøԼ飬Լ֡ڴ˴Щίˡ
ݲڡ޷ԵĶӣݲɱȻݵٸ֪ԡʱԶʱҪԸݡ
춼ڣԵǲСΪѾˣݻܰȵĴ֪ݻţѰĻݻ㲻
ݶ׷ɱٶôвδã
˫ܻס̣ǰԲȫԸĻݿ治Ϊھ޴ѹ֮£˫Ϊһ̶ֿͬ
ڲѾΪ͸һУѡ
ԣɱ޷ѡ
ٶ̾һֽ˵ʬ嶪˴֮С۷Σǽƥʬ嶼Ƕ˴档Ȼٶȳ֡
ȻСһɫ޴ӡֶƬ֮󣬸ղŵĴӣѾʧӰ١
ٶ߻ص֮ǰս֮ϣѪĵطһһȻ֮ڸǡ
ڣȫȻû˺ۼ
Ťͷһۡ˴֮ϵЩط΢ԵñȽ֮⣬Ѿûʲôˡ
һ֮ЩʵĺۼҲᾡԱˮ񡭡
Ȼ˷֣ҲȫȻẦ¡û˻ỳɵһѾȥ˵˵ͷϡ
ţݱչΣ춼ǵķӶȥ
軨Ѿ֡ȴв֪ʹáûʱȥ̽ЩϢˡӣҲֻˡ
̾һ֮μӿٶȡ


169 ޱƣ
춼ǣ¥ͷȻƫǡ¥Ϊֵʱ̡
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⡮ѩȻǡ¥ƣ䴼ϡаþƣþƣ
һŵ֮УЩ⣬Цп
УԲ֮ϰ˾ƲˡŮΧԡ˵ģȴһͷꡣ
ͷɫ죬·ĹͷҲȾ˺ɫȻһ˫۾ȴǴŹâ㴼ƵľƱҡͷԵĸпšģȴżֻ
Χ˾㶼¶˼ЦĿŹͷĸпҡͷʧЦ
ڹͷֱλ֮ϵģһꡣ
ݿ㣬һ˿ºЦ⣬ȴǴһ˵Ĵƽ͡Сȴмֳ֮硣
Ĺͷ֮ԣ¶Ц⣬ҲƱһᣬĿ漴΢Цͷ⡮ѩ԰ʮһֺʵʮ֮󣬻Ҫڵʮϣ⡣Һճˡ⡮¥ڵĴǲ࡭ȻһЩȷֵ
˵ţҲ̲סһڣƷζƳ㣬ҡͷ΢Ц
ʲôϵÿꡮϪõĽϸô
ͷЦ֮һζһ֮󣬷ֵһ̾ѾˣʮգҪǰϪˡܵģܲǡ
˵꣬ǽ֮ƣһ
˶ȻʧЦ
ͷøٺһЩ
ʱڹͷֱߵһŮӣȴסüͷͷ껹Ҫٺȣ̲סһѶԷľƺڶԷ㵵ı֮Уݺݵĵһۡ
ôҺȵҲҪܰﰡ
ͷƺᣬʱɴ۾ż־⣬ʱغ
㣡Ůӵɫʱһ죬ɫ֮һӶ漴ǵɴһ˫Źͷ꣬еľƺȴǲԷ
ͷԷ۵СƬ֮ڻԵֵԷǿƲƲ죬ǲֹߡǶ¡
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ΧһԱģԶЦȴõŮɫ΢һ죬һ֮󣬽ƺڵһߡ
꿴һԻȴʧЦҡҡͷĿ⣬ȴߵһ޵İŮӡɫʱ΢һ㶡漴֮Ҳӹһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
һ˿Ȼ֮ɫܿ챻ȥ·ºЦݵƣҿ㲢δԶ١ɫθô
޵İŮɫһ漴ҡҡͷ
ѾԱˡ
΢һ㶡Ů޵ɫȴ̾һҡҡͷҲٶ˵ʲôˡ
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꿴ޱƱɫȴǰ̾С֮Ľ֮飬ʵ̫ء
ϪϣΪСƱнӽδЦգֱԷ¹չЦա
ʱΪΪΪûбСݣʶŻˡһԽܵĸ飬ԶԼĸǰСݱɱϢ֮󣬱ƾ̽Ϣȷ֮󣬱ͱ⸱Ρĸ£ҲһЦݲ¶ʱ֮Уܶɱ⡭
뵽΢漴̾Ѿǽȫĺ˰ɣ
ˡ
ţſڣȴǴ˶һ㶣Ťͷſڡ
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ĺܡ
Ů֮ص
꣬ʱüͷ

ϣһƬ֡
˴ļ춼еϲǰ֮
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뿪ˡ¥ޱƣ
ޱƳ嵽֮ԺͣӡĿ⼱еĳɨӣȻ̲סСݣ


170 
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һ·룬Ŀ⽹ѰγֵӰȻϦҡε֮⣬κ֮УΪѾǷżһš
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ѰãȴȻԷټޱ̲סͣΣ֮Уı
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ļȻһϤĺޱޱƻʱһ͵Ļعͷȥ
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ˣһϮ£εͦΣϤģԴºЦ֮ʱޱƵӲٶһ۾ȴʱһȦ
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һԲ𡱣ޱҲ̲סĴ˳һѣǽݽӵ˻С
ɵܵܡȥĶ˰ҵ֪𣿣ء
ޱӵʹ֮Ҳӹһ˿ϧ΢ԥȴսַ˶Է˿֮ϣĿοԲ𡭡´βˡ
֪һƣǵûдɢޱƵĸ顣ޱеĵλٴ
ѾΪеһۣ
֮ˣ˭ᣬΪʧ٣ŭĴ㣿

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ݵޱһʼרע飬ҲǽıУȻ󲨡
Ϫϣʧ٣Ϊʲô·Ϊ쳽ǰ׷ɱΣڻɱ쳽֮ѡݷ
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ޱƴĿǰһº꣬ģ뵱ҪĶкӰڡ
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ȻޱƲſɻҪʲô
ɫʱԶ漴ĬƬ̡΢һ˿ɬƽ㡭̡𣿡
ޱһ漴ҲǳĬ֮̾һ̫أÿ¡ʵϣ£ûиֻ˵ڱչǱޣʵ֮ȥ𡭡϶̫áڵ壬̫󣬺пܡ˵ޱƴͷҲ˵ȥˡ


171 ̸
ݵȭͷ˲šҲһ˿
̻⸱ģʼٸ߱ԡؿڣӿֳڵɱ⡭Ȼȴ֪ڣǱʱ򡭡
ãݲһƽؿڷڵɱ⣬˵ͷ
̧ͷޱƣ΢֮ʵƽ㣬֪軨𣿡
軨ޱ΢һ㶣漴ͻȻɫ΢䣬ɻʣ˵ģǡħƼ䡯ڣֻڶƷ޳ѨԵ軨𣿡
һޱ飬֮϶ʱӿϲɫæ׷ʵǣ軨ƽ㣬֪軨ʲô𣿡
ã롭ޱü˼Ƭ̣Ȼҡͷ˵ֻǵ軨ӵϴ跥ĹЧͬʱԴǿߵЧȴǼǲ̫ˡ
Ȼȴüͷ΢һ壬żϣʵûж֮֫ĹЧ𣿡
֫ޱ΢һ㶣漴ҡҡͷЦôܣ軨˵ƷϽ׵ĲϣȽײ͡Ҫ˵ӵС֮֫ĹЧȴǲ̫ܡϾѾɹ滮ҩЧ֮ˡƷµĲϣǲӵеġ
˵ţޱ΢һ٣ɻĿݵôСݣôͻȻ뵽⣿˵ţ¶ֺɡ
ݿЦһ֮ԴʧȴǴӱϣһССĺɫȡޱɻĿУɫ򿪣¶һһ߼ССС漴ޱƺĿУд˿
һɫĹ󣬶ʱ֮΢΢͸¶¶ͬɫ͸ɺһ軨
ǡޱԺУʱһЩ֮еͼֽܣʱϳ֮еʱһȻ軨Сݣ⣬Ǵʲôطõģ
ޱͷҪ֪ⶫֻСħƼ䡱ڲŻطǲܵõģ
ħƼ䡱춼ǲ˵ݵıʵǲлӴȱġεõ軨ģ
ޱɵɵĿ軨ִĿݡʵЩŪ֮ݣεõģ
̾һڵ軨ҡͷ˸ռġãҽ˶ѡұΪ軨ö֫ڿ軨ĹЧ
ԣ֣ޱȴһ漴üô֪Ըռ軨
֮󣬱ǽյ˵ޱ
ʲôޱƶʱȻվΣŵĿݣ㵵˵֮޷μнӴ軨Ҫμ֮Ѱҵģ⣬ôܣ
ݵĻޱУʱ캧ˣ
⣬С£
ݿһ𾪵ޱƣ漴ҡҡͷۿ׶ҲšʵͰǰμҵ޷̸ǵ̸УƲ⣬μ֮˷ǵ޷ϤڶԶΪϤ
֪Ե˽һ£֮󣬵ҲʲôɴСֵˡ
Ѳ²⣬Լһս֮ǰ׷ɱԼ޼ҵ˱ȻҪʼ²ġ޼һЩ֪Թϵˣĳʱ˵˳Ҳ֡
μ޼һֱǵжԹϵμҵҪ̽һ¶ֵĸϢȻҲǼϾҲʲô֮¡
˸еģμԵĹϵԣƾʲôҪμ£μңΪʲôҪԵĻУɾĶˡ
СϢһҪ߸ף
ޱƼʶ֮УɲС¡޼һļ̳ߣȻ޼ҵĳв岻ĹϵŪĲã⼫пܣ޼޵ԨǶϷ
£һҸסԣŵϢһСݣô
ޱӹһ˿ԥ漴һĿݡ
һޱȱ飬ݱǿЦ軨Ѿ뵽ޱƻὫϢ˫Ϊ˴̵ƣҪðһЩգҲǱѡ
˵ͷЦŵȻӦҪ߶ġʵϽ㣬һԵɣǸϢת塭ҿμ֮Ĺϵɲеǰ򵥡
ȻѾˣˡ
Ȼޱжʱӹһ˿мβ֪˵ð˼յģ
Ҫݵ˼޼ҵ˶ġΪѾûʲôֻҪй¶֪ݻšֻݶʱҪΣ
Сݡޱ΢΢죬ȴֲ֪˵ʲô
˱ƽ㡭ЦޱһۺˣҲ޼ˡȻҶ޼Ҳ޶ٺøУ޼ҲҵļҡȻҲԸ⿴޼ҾʹȥңСǴҲûй¶ҵϢҲðʲôյġ
ޱ΢һ漴˵ͷȴ֪˵ʵֻΪ˴еĽٶѡ˫Ȼܻй¶ݵϢ˶ӡ֪˶ˣΣ©ϢķյġȻֻǷմСѡ
ޱɫ΢ͻȻݵҪȻһȥɣĸǰ㱻ɱϢүүѾءŵүүҲǷ֮ŭġȥүүȻġͲٺԡ
˵ţޱεĿݡ
ȴǿЦҡҡͷʵҲص޼ҵġֻǣԳ϶̫ҲǲŹҡȻүүӣүүϾʱʱ̶̿ߣһԴвȵֶΡ˵Ҹδã
ޱһ漴֮¶һ˿ʧ
ҵʱҰƶʱҪߵʵڵòʧ˵ţݿޱʧı飬ȴչһЦοƽͷİɡ棬ȫĵطֻҪ嶼һŵϢ˵ȥԣ벻иҡ
˵΢һ٣˸һ˿ȻЦҡҶμԵĹϵʵں
ޱɫ΢֮Ҳ˵ͷǲ˵
̧ͷ˿Ȼ˰ɫۿҪ
һվЦ˵˱ƽ㣬ʱҲǲ磬ûȥˡֻ˱Ҫˡ軨ôһ˷һЩɣ
лżǸġ˼ҿķչǱǺԥĸԼߡȻһȥˣԼǵֺôûи˼Ҷ֣˼ΪԼʧȥһֱۡУ˵ʲôЩⲻȥġ


172 ŵΣ
軨ô˵ҲƷ׵ĶƷҩģӵСϴ跥ĹЧʵõ̶ܴȵ
ȻֻʣһֱֻֻۡҪŬУվǻɾ͵ġ
ڸԼߵˣݴС
˵ţݽеУúڲãݸޱơ
ޱҲվΣӹУ˵ͷ
ڣסʲôطҪβϵ㣿
΢֮
˵ţתޱʱ·ȥޱƴżɻ󣬸ݵ
ܼ֣ʱѾֵڴ
ݣģΪصͣŤͷޱƵҪңֱʱַԻȥġ
˵ţָָԱߵģصľ
ȻҲһЩ
Ȼޱƣ˫ȴȫΡ
Ͼ˫йٽӴж˫ӡ󣬴Դԡүļ֮С˵˫˵ȫһİˡҲΪ
ޱٹҪǰϪǸʱıֻ˫
ݶɵӣοóȻԼס֪֮ޱƣ
Լı֮⣬һԭǡԸǣš
ڶ˵޼ҿȻˡȻʲôˣҲϲǣ˵ļһ
żȻҲδԲ¡ݣȻҲܶԲˡ
ޱĻüͷʱ΢һ塣֮ȴ̾һȻҲܿݵı
˵ʲôϾҲ޷ֻҪԼѡ޿ɺǡ
ޱһ˵ͷȻݵԼҪء
š̷軨֮ЧΣ鷳ƽһʱ֪ͨһۺû
ݵ˵ͷ漴ޱƣЩȻ˵
ޱ˵ͷȻתֿ˿ݣ̾һźڲŵУųȥˡ
ֱޱʧ֮Уų³һ¶˼Ρ
пܣĲԸʱӴ޼ҵˡȻޱȫΣֻҪǽӴˣܻмѭһ¶ݶʱҪΣ
ǣ軨ʹ֮иǲ̴̼ʹ࡭Ҫ̽軨ʹ÷ȻҲһġݣѡ
һȴҪȫĵͶ뵽ˡ죬ϴﵽ
һ漴̧ͷ˿գҲ̧ųȥ

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ɫѾȫڴеѧͽǣҲԶǷԼļСȰʱȴԵҪࡣ
źԺһ
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ϵ׳Ķƣ߾λ΢գѩ׵üͷ΢ţָ΢ֳصû桭ָ֮µϣżŷ⡭
࣬վŵλ塣ϵ֮ͬЩأ͸¶ɫ˿һݵ߶ƣüĿ΢壬Уȴ¶Σͷ
֮ڣһŭصŲصĺԼ΢Ѫ˿ȴ˵һֱֱ꣬ﵽıԵ
һ޴һԵλ֮ϣ΢԰ף֮дЩң˿˿⣬Եóˡ
գԵضѹ֣·Ƿʲô˲õĴ¡
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ļȻһ󼱴ٵĽŲͻô䴫е˾Զһ͵Ťͷ
Ǹ֮ϵĶƣҲȻ۾¶Σſڿȥ
飬̲ס߼ӭſڡ
һѧͽĵӣڶܵſڵʱǡ˽ͻȻ鵱ȥȥ·ʱһ¶ʱֹס
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ȶԷڣ鼱ʵ۾ֱӳ濴ȥ
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ǿ°ʲôĻɫѵ㻹֪Ҹ˵ٴΣ㲻Ҫ̫ӴǲҪֵܣŮ׿¶ҪȻ˼˼һ쵰㵹˵˵˭ǻ쵰Խ˵Խŭ̲סݺݵһ֮ϡ顱һϵĲˮʱ
ɫʱǺ죬ȻƬ֮ȴȻĵͷȥ
ǰȻ֪ǿ°ãһԳֶʵҲǲСԷδصҺóǿ°ƽʱҲϣ˵Ǻܺãм˲ɫֻҪãҲ͹ˡԣĵ˵ҲĴϿ°붫ˡ
Ͼǿ׼ҵһҲеĴ塣˳ȫ£ŵչҲԶȻѣ鶼ûн֮Сֱ˼̫ɶѡ
Ȼû뵽ǣڽɫհ⡰һ֮֡ݣȴͻȻСʱ֮ǰͶˡս
һ£öֽˡ𾪵ͬʱҲɻ
ݣÿһҵ붫Ų£ңǱȶҪǿĶ࣡Ȼ⡰һ֡ͽѾʮ꣬ΧݹϵǼΪżһµġĶ֮⣬ûʲôĳԹΪһΣԷƣȻҪŵӣ
Ҫ֪⡰սͨġ߹ݡ¿ȫͬ
Ϊ˱ԼÿҪм߹ݡġȻȻΪ߹ݡݽĹأֻЩͷĶĶѡһݵĻԾȣ׹ͷҲ׬Ǯӯһַʽ
ȻսʣȴǽȻͬⲻֻһЩСͷĶĶġ߹ݡҪȫĸϳݽ硱ֶΡĵģݣݸ߲
⣬ǡս


173 䡱
Ȼһ⡰սûвĳ֮ʱٻᷢġϾͽĶֻǲƶѡûʲôĲᣬ˭Ա˳ŵû˽Թ
⡰һ֡ϣһֱΧݵĹϵҲΪǢ˴ͻȻսļݣʲôסȴΪʲô
鼱ȹϵϣȴɻ˼¡æĴѯһЩϢΪͨˡ
˲֮󣬷һ˸ָ·ȥŮǾˡ
𾪡ԼŮһھСѾͷʲô¶ŭ
һֱʱ򣬶鶼ΪǶŵȵ˶ԷңԲǵöԷŭ
һ·ĻصУæҵ˶һͨʡ
Ȼ֪Ƿʲô£Ȼ޴Ĳԡ
塱Ϊһѯ˶ǲǷʲô¡
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ʲôˣײ˲֪ٸͷֶμñ΢һζȻ뵽յıʣ˱㶼׷ʲô¶ˡ
ˣ֪ΪԼķݣȻԼŮܵǵ裡һʱ䣬۾ʱǳѪ˿ŭҪֱӴϿ׼ȥ
ʱڳļʦҲ붫ϵѣСǿŶˡƽʱɿ˵Ķɶǰмӣǽ˰ŮһȻǲ˸Լ飬ʱȺۼŭһ˲ͱû
ҲһԵġ塱Ŀ죬֪סģæ˽Ƹ˳
Ҳѹֶŭκһˣڵ֪ԼŮȻ˸Լ飬˭̵ǶƸϵļʱֻ¶ѾɱϿ׼ң
Ϣ֮ɫҲǻȻ䡭ˣķˣȻҲһĴ䲻ȡȻż㻹ܰ
ӣΪŵĿߣڶڵҲġĳ֣ס˻ҵľ档
ưס˷߿ˣʦʱؼңŽ飬壬˽
Ȼϸѯʶշϸ
飿ʱѾ޴롣塱㰲ã϶ĲУˣ֪˽һС
֪ӹһ٣ȻΪС䡱˵ʱ˵УǶ˼ָм
Ͼǵסĳʲô飬˼ֱ޷ǻʲô
֪°߾ȻһĽھǿߵĻ֮ʱ˶໥һۡ׼ҵԶǵ
Ȼ˵ǡ䡱ֻǼ򵥵һ֣ǽĲھǿֱӸѪɣʧȥսʱˣʱһ
ĲھǿߡһָĶ飬ҲֻĲѡǿ߶ƣҲֻڣ
ȻǶҪԸĲǿߣҲԲ˵򵥵һ֣㽫ԷѪʧȥս
䣬ھ
ͬʱ˵жӿһ֪
а𾪡ѹֵʱڲԶԷʵʱԼһȭȥȻԼȭͷȫĺ飬ԷҪԼǿôడ
Ȼ֮ǵһ䲻ֻھĻôݣôͺһЩֲˣ
ʮ꣬Ҳǵϵھ⣬˴ҵĵ֮⣬˭
ݣʱǱ
ȻʵѾݲ򵥣ǶԷһֱԸ˵˱ҲöʡȻ𾪣ڶʱһʵ¡
Դˣ̬
°ҪԼ鶫ȴϤǻ֣ǱѪˡţݣͬһʱ䣬ŷˡսôʣݵı󣬾ǿ׼ң
׼ԾӱȻʡ˵°Ļһлܣһļ˵δؾҲǿǿߡôֶԸţҲ֮еˡ
ЩĴ˵棬ɱණҪҪĶ࡭
ôţָԽġսأ
˶˳Ĭ
ŵûб˸Ϊˡ֮⣬ŻʦʮˡȻܹεģҲ˾˶ѡ
ʵҲǲβ룬ھǿߣֻ˴ﵽĲڵھһ϶붫ˣŴﵽĲʵߣҲ˶ѡ
Ȼ֡ȴң
ݣ۴ķȶѷɫңǱȶҪǿ٣Ǳп׼ҡܹһ󱲵ߣһĽΪļ壬жǿֻ㰲һЩֽ֮УŶǳ޶·
ôţָôӦԣ
ȥһӰͬʱԾ˵Ժ֮С䣡
ˣֻö߳ڵľ
Ƶæ׷ʶټȻ˵ĳ˱ȴ
һֱڣѾȴСʱˡȻǡ䡱Ӱȴûг֡
ҲŲɵһȻһȴֻǷйͷķƣȴԡ䡱
Ϊ£ƱҲһӵĻʶһá֮ҲǶʱ㱬ˡ
Ϊԭ򣬻Ϊ鲻Ļݿ°붫Ӵŵ˽յĻ¡
ȻҲûнйһͷŭء
ö鱻ĵͷһԵġ塱Ҳæߵ˶Ƶߣ˵ı϶ҡҲ̫żԲЩڡҲĵġ̫עӡҪģҪӦԽµǰ
ŭ˶鼸Žƽŭ
鱻һͨŭ⣬ҲǵͷҧһƬͨ졭ڣȷǵ˶Ҫͷˡ
塱˿۾Ķƣֿ˿һŭȴԼѹסĶ顭һ˫֮Ҳ¶ǻ֮ɫĿ⣬⿴ȥ
䣬ٶһƬѹ֡
˶֪ڶΨһϣֻǸص˼µӡ䡭
䡭㵽ȥﰡ
Ȼδ鷵ͷһƬһͷƵĴǵڶѡѵ䣬Ѿ뿪
ڴʱ⣬һƽġաŲ֮ȴˣһſڿȥ
䣿


174 ׼ҵļƻ
ӭŴڻƵĵƹ⣬һ޳ݵΣ߽˷˵ʱ˵֮ϣǸֳ˾ϲɫ
ǵȴġ䡱
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΢ɻ󣬿粽߽˴Ȼ˿Դż־ϲɫȴǲһ㶣΢ɻĿͶ֮ϵĶơ
֮жʱ¶˾ϲ֮ɫϾҲϳܿ챻ΣЦ䣬ˡ˵ţָһԵһλ˵
΢üͷͷ߹ȥԴɻĿ⣬ٶͶ˶ơ
Ƶ˵ͷȻƬ֮ȴüͷ
ͻȻ֡ԼڣȻǲ֪Է˵
Էصݣ´ˡ٣һССĶſ֮Ტ۵ġȻԷΪʲôͻȻšѣʵڲȷ⡰䡱᲻ְһѣ
ϾǵĲ²ûдĻôԶԷݣУ»ʲôҲ㲻ϵġˣ
ɫ˸֪οڡ
Ȼݵ֮Уȴ¶˼˼
ڽŴţ˷ܵĵӵʱ򣬱Ͳһ˿ŵϢ
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˴ʱ򣬸ǲ˴˴Ϊ졣һԼʱеľϲԼ붫֮еѪ˿Զûӹݵ񡭡ȻǵŶйġ
һȱ飬ȷⶫſǷʲô£һȴ΢һ㶡һ˫ۿĶ
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ݵ΢һԼһЩ²⡣
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һԵĶ־ٶʱһ۾΢үү
һΪæվҲϵ˵ȴɷˡС£ҼȻܰһѣȻҪһѵġϾҲڶŴ£С㶼ǶйաҪ˵лȴ̫ˡ
һ漴֮Ҳ¶˸мɫжĺøУȴǸʢ˼֡
漴һ֮¶ЦݣЦãСʹ졭ͷ˵ʲôԵýˡ
΢ü漴¶˼ЦݣˡڣܿԸңҹĿ˰ɣ
һȻ˵ͷ漴ɫҲ΢
ʵСȷһ£Сѳְæ£ϵʵڹϵشС϶ҲóȻСѡ
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üͷ΢һ壬¶˼ֻȻݵ۾ȴ΢΢
֪ԼĲ²⣬ûд
°Ŀ׼ҿϾһĲߵܻҪһЩҵ׵ġҲ˿°棬ͬʱֽˣǿ׼ұȻǲưոݵġпܵģǳֶԸš
Щݵ֮С
ݵû뵽Էı֮졣ң˶
ݱϾҲⶫڴˣȻδ涫ųս߹ݡ롰ݡսڡݽ硱һЩ򣬵Ҳ˼˽⡣
⡰ս壬һȺʦ֮УżȻŵġѹϡݡһУݸ߲Լս֮ս
漴΢΢
ҿս𣿡
ƻ˵ǶڱֵĲ²⣬ݣͻȻڴĻ
΢һ㶣漴˵ͷȻԡ˵ţһϵŷ⣬
಻٣⣡
ǰ˹ȥĿĵһۣǿѩŷ֮ϵѪɫ֡
֣һɱȻ֮⣬ʱڶ
ֻǵĿһۣǲ⡣ŷ⣬ż㶶˿
ƣ飬壬ԼˣǿݵĶȴǲδ˵
ݽһһÿһŶֻһֱۡȫ֮ݵ΢е֮Уȴӳһ˿ζ
Լսӣ֮
ôһΪζˡ죿ΪʲôҪ֮Сûʲôأ
ֻ΢Ʋ⣬ǲУ⣡
׼֮˿Ҳ󣬶ڵˣֻ΢Щ̣ܲ²նӵ⡰սԭôʱڶǰģֻ·
һԼսȻ󣬿׼Ҵ󷽷ĽնһСơˣⳡս֮ɢ
ڶɢšһűûˡôԶŷġսȻҲʧȥЧϾŶûˣսʲô
ǣ˶ܿڶѡһѡȻҲδж𡪡ѣѧͽǲɢǻһЩǱΣ׼ҰҪţôǻ˼򵥵ľͷ𣿵ʱԶŸ߲İɱҪչһȵһáڣҪҡ
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УϺ֮ʱȴǶعһ˫ѾѪͨ죺ҪҲ£ҲǶڵգ뿪ҵҪ׼ҾʲôµģߣҲҪϼ汳ģ
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ڲԶĶ鵹ҲǰһĻ޴롣ҧ촽Ŀ֮Ҳ¶ּᶨȻ⼸飬ԭԸҲһЩ仯һ˫ȴʱһֻۣڴʱŻ¶һ˿ǡȻҲֵǰᶨ
ڶ֮⣬ٺߣҲΧ˹͵͵ĳŴڿȥҲǸвͬ
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˵һӿʱǽ֮ΧߵĿ⵲һʵʵǿ顣
⵲סЩ˵ĺġΧ֮ʵߣ̧ͷ΢ɨһ漴۾һһԾڶŵĸǽ֮ϼ㶯Ծǽʱһо۵ס
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ΪĶţȻҲѾûйȥƽǽϵΧߡߵĶʦԼһ۾Ҫðĵǰݣǽͷ֮ϵΧڣڣѾȫǺˡ
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֣֣ߵȴЦһ۾Ĳƾ׼³ȴæס¶ɭȻЦŶ˵ЪⶫŽǱ֣֮αغһ֮ߣӣǲֵ
˫Ŀͨ죬סһ֮΢һ㶡漴ݺݵҧͬŭδЪۿŶͬ˫Ŀ죬Ҳ׼³Ķ顣Ƭ֮󣬷һ֣תλϣ¶Ƕ˵ӣҲȻúģ
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ٶһ˿âٶȱ֮ǰ˵λµŽסǡ
һЦͷ˵á·ϣĳҲͬҹһһִ֮󣬱һϡԽȴҪүǶԼѡˡ
˵һ٣¶һ˿ɭȻЦһȻǰĹһҶһҡ˳򣬱Ͱշսʱȷղλϼһ£µ˳Ӧȭţһưţ˰ɣǺǣ붫үҲæһ£ӵս˳ûɣ
һʱõΧһһж¶˼ֺɫȻѾ˼¡
ȭţһͱȶҪǿϲ١еκһ¶Զ¡սնſ¶Ҫܣʵĳս֮£ǶȻˣ
һﻹȭ֮󡭡¶յȭŴͷ󣬱ǽƵĶʤҲǲʤһսϸ˵
һܽɱܣֺܺõıһһã
ȭƣʵʵһçֻҪеӵ˶ܿļƫ˵ϲͷͺ⡣ΪԼȭܴͷ˵磡
Űԣ̬ʵڲκ˵ϡ
ȻҲǿ˳ɫʱһԵĶòѹȥŭٶڵ͵վֱָŶԷĺĹƨ㲻Ҫ泵ս𣿣α鷳ֱǵ˹ɣ㿴пث֣Ӿ׼㹷յһ֣űǱҲҪһﵱ汳ģǲţ
õһֱ·صɫʱ΢һ䡭ⶫ˵ʵһһս֮ʧֻ̫һҪյͬġսŵĺ󳾡һһĳˣɲñȭ϶١
ȻʵʵҲǺܵġϾıɻſ׼Ĵڡһ˵׼ҵȻΪ˵ʵҲֻǿ׼ҵһǰˡ
ɫһЦôѡģȺսǺǡȷ⵹ʡ˲ٵĹˡѡǵҲܾ
Ļأݵĵһ۾Ҳһ·˲̵Цݡ
㣡ʱɴ˫ֱۣ˵ƤѾһ־磬ֻһ伷ĻȻǱ
һڸҪҧ飬ֻ˼¡ĺֱ˵һ䡰ǡǡ
һԵĶƣʱȴĶļ򡣷ŭеĶ΢һ㶣šȭվһ֮ٴκݺݵ˻ȥһ˫۾ѾѪ˿
ʱ¶飬Ʋɫڵڶѡ񣿡
Ʋ죬мһЦ漴˵һַƱȽϺҪķѵĹʵĴһЩͨҵ飬һеģҸΪʡʱʡľңֱʦȻ붫һսʤһػǰĹأҲʡ˲ٵʱ䡭үӣΣȻڶѡȴ۸Ƕһһǵȷǲ̫ƽҲѡղĵһѡǰ˳ġ
˴˶Ҫ̲סƿڴˡʲôС۸һңǣһѡǳսڶѡȴֻҪһˡ
ȻûΪڶѡǺõѡҪ֪ڶʣ˿ǲࡣֻа˶ѣʵҲԶ̫ǿǶԸһң˵ӮмְɱˣҲǳһڶѡ˵ڶѡ񡭡
˵ĵһѡ񣬱ȵڶѡ񣬱ȵģˡ
ݣԶ붫ʵԶһģȫϵھǿߣĲڣԲʦһӾӢˡ
ѡˣżעҪܣ
һʱ䣬֮еˣԶǸֳ˼˿ЦݡȻǰĿҲšҲǷϲ²ߵġ
Ц˵Σ֪үѡ񣿡
ʱ˵۾ǿ˶ơԴˣ˶ȷŽգǱˡ֮ϵգҲԽӵѪȵϢѾȻƮ
Ƶ˸ݣ֮һȴǵĮĿ˵ڶѡ񣬵ȷʧΪһ÷ʡʱʡֻȴһ⣬ȴǲ̫ˣ԰æһ¡
΢һ㶣漴Ц۵ʡ
չأҶŽˡսǰˣô֮µвﶼȫ廮ʤôˡѡ˵ڶѡλʤˣ˭Ҷ²
΢ʵ
һõΧڶһ㶡ȷǶŰˣ˭ýܶ²֪ʮأҲǲС
ȻҲЩͷ΢һתа̾ⶫƵȷǸ־֮£ҪǵģȻֻܷԷ
˵ĿⶼǿҪλش𡭡
ӹһ˿м漴Ц˵£ǲͶүӷˡүֻѡҲˡ
ش𣬶ƼѾȫȷңȷǿ׼ˡ
һ˿ˣƵ֮ϣĸֳһ˿ɬ֮һҪڡ
ţѡڶ
ȻڴʱһƽȴǵȻȴõó˸оԷԼĶ˵һ㣡
˭
ˣɫʱһ䡪ֻһ仰ֳĶѾɫʧˣ
ƣ飬Լһ֮һɫҲ΢һ䡭ţŤͷԿȥ
ŵˣȻȻķֿҲǴżִ㵵ŤͷȥʱһݵΣ¶˵ǰ
һ˶ʦĺɫˣĿ⵭ĮĻһ֮󣬱ǳǰ˳
ӣݣ
Сֵܡƿݣ¶ֵǡ
ݳŶԷ΢һЦ統ԡ£Ұɡ
ݵЦԵмַ絭ᣬ·ʱһɱ֮Уһ羰֮Ҳƽ
֪ΪΣݵЦݣǶ΢һ㶣漴ȴڳһΪε׼ڵĻҲȥ漴˵ͷȻ˻ȥ
飬Լǿ˳ݣҲΪӡϲɫͬҲɫ
Ȼʱеˣǻعһ˴Ӷֱ߳ߵ˶Ƶ˵ǰʱһԶǸֳ˼Ȼɫ
ô£˭ʱôôһͻȻ
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Χ֮Уʱϳݡ
ڴ˴£ҲǾ롣Ȼ˻ῴᣬִʦķεʱȻҲ˾ȣӶ̽ˡ
ݴûҲҪأԴ̽ȻҲǷ
˺ݵ֮ȻҲһЩݵ˷׷׸
ҾĴصšʱһһأ
ʮꣿѾھˣ˵ʿǲ
ǲʲôΣڼѾҪˣСһܳ
԰ƻһ£⣬Ҫ
һʱ䣬˶Ǿ㵵ĿѾڶ֮ͣݣʵ벻Ҫʲô
ݷ棬ڿݵʱһ㶣Ȼ漴֮ϣȴǸֳ˼ּɵ֮ɫˡ
ǿ׼ҵˣڽʱȻҲǾѵġ֪ⶫ֮һ֡ղŶԷֻ˵һ仰õüͷľ
çһĲƣҲ˲ŭ⣬֮ϣҲǸֳ˼ּɵ
һ仰ƽ˵ȻȴֲƾһĺȻը죬ͬ˶ϸһ㡭һƿأԿ˵ʵѰ
Ȼɵɵ׼ҼȻţȻһЩ֡λһ֮Ǹֳһ˿ɭЦ͵͵ĳһۡ
·˼֮ϸֳЦ⣬ٺЦСʲôˣǼ˵ȴûûСͻȻ졭٣ŵļҽ̹Ȼǲ˵ţЦ
һΣΧΧߵǰĵ˵ͷ״ϿĻ


179 ֣𾪣
Ȼرܵ֯ǵݵ˵ʱʦѧͽûеõ׼ʵʱ򣬶ǲ廰ġȻûжԼȴܷӳһݵԼĹĻҪЦġ
Ŷ廰ΪǶŵ廰Ȼ˿˵ġȻͻȻ߳СȻǲڴеġ
ƱѾ΢˫ۣȻ˻֮ȴһĮһ֮һһ
Ŀ˵Сֵܵѡ񣬱Ҷŵѡ񡣡

ƴһȴǶʱõΧе˶ȻŴͣɵĿǶƣ·ǻԼˡ
ⶫǷ𣿡
˵ĵһӦ
ڵѾʮֵԣżѾȷҪܵġ죬ûжôһˡ
Ƶ־ֻҪǸˣѡһɣȻƳսŵʵϾҲǲסô˵ܻɱϼˣҲǳһڶΪʲôҪȥѡڶġӢԾ
Ҫ֪ŵĸǾԶԵĲռ˿ư
Ϊ䡯꣬ʲôˣ
󲿷˶ǸоƷˡ
ȻҲһЩ֮ˣȴǷ˶ƿһӶΡУȻݣ
ɫԶû뵽ƾȻ˵ٿѾ±ȵ̫ʦϡƺ˵ģ鶼䡱㲻ٹһ㡣
ߵĶ飬һ˫۾ҲĶ䡭Ȼҧȴǲδ˵ʲôԵĻ
ô־Ҳɢˡ˳ɡ
վ˳еüͷ΢һ£漴Ŀˡ
һ˵۾ٶ󣬿˿е䣬ֿ˿ԶĶˡһٶȻ
ӡƺǴһսݣ
˾㵵ò˼˵ˣ¶˷˼顭
ҪǣδҲ̫һЩɣ
־硱С־硱Ÿ߲㣬пܾһ֮ȫ֮սУȻǡ־硱
˶ɵɵĿųеݡʵ޷⣬ʲôģ꽫ҪѪȵսһ־硱ʲô˵ĺУֻֻ겻֪ߵغ֪η
˿УǴĺ󡭡ȻҲ붫г϶ĿеĲмڳ
ݵĹǣʱɫȴԵЩŹ֡Ǹӣ·òע⡣һʱ䣬Ȼû˵
ݾĿƬ֮ͻȻüͷ̾һ֮ˣȷЩ鷳ˡǲϣϰɡ
ͻȻĻõ˵жʱ¶һ˿ɻȻһ˿ɻ˲֮󣬱ľ㵡
ֻǳ䣬˵仰֮ΣȻˣ
ûдĹâȻٶȴľˣȻǾֱӳȻҲһЩ㵵֮У˹ȥ
Ȼһˣݵˣ˹ȥ
˶Ǿ㵵ĵɴ۾
Ȼ漴ǴӾ㵱ɾĳˡ
ֻɱȺͻһ㣬˲䣬Ѿɱ֮У׵еģǾĴ˵ˣ
飡
δӦʱΣѾʱ˳ȥУԼɡˣ
˶ھǿߣȻǰȻֻһ棬Ѫ˳ȥ⣬⣡
ˣǵһɴ˵۾ǰһĻ
ꡭжǿ
û˻شǣеģֻǴһƵĻ֮
飡
ĳ֮ݵٶȼ죬֮䣬кü˱˳ȥ
ʮ۷壬ҪԸЩˣʵ̫ˡֻһЩˣֱֻӾҪ࣡ﻹᷭɳȥ
һֱڣݵĹŻعһԶɫȻ䣡
ɫһ䣬漴һСõʱαֱ꣬ӷȥ
˶Ҫǿϲ٣³çһԷȻҵǹƥɱ˿δУʱǲȻŭһʱ䣬Ȼ˶Էǿᡣ
ߵҲǻعȻɫ֮ĵһӦȴǳǰȥǳȺ֮ȥɫѾһƬҡȻ֪Էʵǿȴû뵽Ȼǿᵽ̶ֳȣﻹӲӣ
ߵߣưҲɫĽΡҲǿԼǶԷĶˡ
ƣʱݵĸǰ֮Ϻ񶶣һ˫̺֮ΪŨɫţԾ𣬳ݵͷҶ£иǱȣȥ
ķɺü֮󣬿˲ƵĹȻݸûа˿ı仯öԷȭͷȻηӭŶԷȭͷȥ
ƼԷȻҪȭ֮϶ʱӿϲɫ֪ȭģһ˫ȭͷȭͷڲǰ֮£޴ʯ飬ȭͷܵ˿˺ɼ̶ȡ
һԷȻҪԼΪȭͷ֮ԼӲӲݶʱиӹϲɫ
СʵȻҪҶȭֱ
вšȻ֮ϵϲɫȫţͽӲϡ漴һĨʱ֮С
ǣ
һ죬΢һ飬ţһɾҵµʹȻԷӲһµȭͷ֮ϴ˳һɴǿӿֱӿ壬ڿе֮ƣʱɾԶԶ׷˳ȥȺ֮У
ۣ֮һѪʱ˳ȭͷһײǹǿȻķθҲܵˣͷһֻȭѾȫϣָγɹ״ȻȫŤ
һȭϣ

ɫҰ׵Ĳҽ
ȻƵĵɣǽֻһʼ
磬ʮ۷壬ɱȺǿڵȺ֮УǻȺֻҪӴˣʱҪɶʧȥս
ʮϢֻʮϢ
˵һͷƤһķ顭
ϣµֻһҽС
˫ۣˡŴͣˡյɴ˫ۣˡס촽ˡΧǽ֮ϵΧߣ͵͵ڵΧߡҲˣ
ǸоԼ·𶼿ҪԾţһɽϢļš˶ɵɵĿݵĳ֮ϡ
վŵģ֮⣬ֻһɫ԰ɫģȭİ׷ߡ
׷ߵɴ˫ۣĿͣǰݣ˫ȣ΢
߲ڵǿ߰Ȼǰ˵ʱоԷҪɱֻһƶѡַ˼Ҳ޷
һǣôУֻܻеԵĴ뵽
ݣĿߣƬ֮̾Ϣ
ȥ׼ҵ˴ΪУҲʵǿ°Ϊ̫֣ҷͽ䡭ݾ˵֮һƬƽ·һٶڲʮϢʱȫʧȥս˲һ㣬ҡͷԿ׼ҵ˱һССݣ̫ôҲʲôޣֺα˸ϾɱˣܻҪһߵġ
׷߻촽ࡣȴǲҽӻ
ˡ߰ɣҲϣ´ٷ顣򡭡˵ݵӹһ˿ɱ⣺ҲϿ׼һ⡣
һ˿ɱ⣬ʱа׷ߵ࣬ͷ͵һ漴һǿ򾲵ʡ䣿٣ҲС϶ڶǰ
䡭ҽ䡣
Ȼ׳յԼʵ
һ˵ͷ漴һΧѾʧȥսˣֿ˿ݣмɵ֮ɫ
ߣ
˵仰׷ߣתǳŴ֮ȥ
ΧЩѾʧȥսݵˣҲæҧݵжŨŨľ⡣ҧ໥ţĳſȥ
ȴͬɥ֮Ȯһ㱻ɨسšǱ˼¡ȻʱЩȴֵզֻһ˫أȣܵĸˣ
ʱݵˣԶ뿪ˡ
кзִ磬һʼıȽĲַϵ֮⣬˶ֻʱʧȥսжϵ㷽㡣
˵׼붫ŵ飬ҲΪ°Ĳʶѡ֮䣬ʵδʲôɵ͵ޡֻ׼Գ󣬲ŷУŪôһпȷֻһ־ѡ
ǰ֪սʱݱѾ˴ķǾǽ׼ҵ˴£ֲĴԷĵߡ


180 
˵Կ׼ңҲ֪֮ꡣȻʮ۷ǿߣԼȴ֪ԼԶԶûдﵽµһĳ̶ȡóȻһ֪ǳļ壬ʵڲһ顣׼ҵ˹˫һ±Ҳˡ
Ȼ׼ҵ˲ʶôҪ˵ĻݵҲɱһЩˡŵΣ˵ݵȻβܡ
Ĳָ˿տյȻΧԼ˵ȴһЩܡ
ŤͷֶҲǴĿ·ǵһʶõҲ¶һ˿ЦɿһöԷع֮Ц˽ᣬȥˡͽˡ
ƻع¶ļͷõģõġлллл
˵ѾЩ״ˡҡͷЦһ΢֣ҲȶƵ˼ػǳźͥȥ
ߵ֮ͥһĵĴ˽ݿЦһصԼķ䡭
飬ȻǶƵ˵ˣݣû˰ֵĹϸ𡭡
ȻʵҲûʲô¡Χɢȥɨһ·ݴսĺµһЩۼ
δãƱͬԼˣһݵסĶݱʾм
ݣ֮ǰҪ衣֮ԶƢԣֻ¶ʱҪ˴Ͽ׼ȥˡʱҵĳԹȻʱǱ𡣶Կ׼ҵʵ£µҪȮ
ݵĴʽҲ϶Ƶ⡭ԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬοǿ׼ĴľһҲ͹ˡҪΣԶƵ࣬Ҳǲ֪ܼܳΡ
ڡսʲôݸøŵĶȻǲҪᡭԷѰ£Ѿöƺǰο˵ʲôڵĽƷȻǡݡ˵ʵҲڷԡ˭ҲԸ⽫Լ·¾ˡƲǰ׳գ׵ġ
ȻҲǿЦıʾã̸ã뿪
ٶ߳ŵʱ򣬶µĵӣʦ˿еҲѾǰȣڵĳݣһݶǼΪεǡһЩѾʮ곤ʦڼʱҲĻһʵڸоЩ̫ڡ
Դˣݱ֪ⶫţѾ޷ȥˡ
ȻݿɲΪڶڵСһʵ޼ҵĹעϾһξ޼ֲΣʵ̫࣬޼ҵ쵽Ҳû˻ʶġ
ϾģԶ޼ҵĵϵּӵܡȻǷּӵܣҲǾԲֲεĵطġ
õĻǻ䡱ȻǱˡ
һֱֱ˵һעĵطʵšϾҪС֮е飬κ˵ܡȻԽ֪Խá
ס죬׼ҵķӦûкķӦ뿪ɡ
Уľ

ݡս飬ȻǴļΪ㷺һּе˶֪˶֮һ˼µ䡱
⡰䡱ʮ꣬Ȼʵȴɲ⣡ݲ²⣬пǳ˽ھϵǿڣҪ֪˽ھǿߣε˵ǿѾ˲õǿˣ˵Ǵ˵еҲ޲ɡ
ְ汾Ĳ²⣬Ҳǲ֪ʲôطǴ˳
е˵⡰䡱ĳǴҵĺӵܣұǼǿձǿֻʣһ˶ѡΪܳңԡ䡱˶֮УĿģΪ˶ܳҵĶĿ⡰䡱ҲǼٵġ
Ҳе˵⡰䡱ƣԵõǰĳǿµĶ⹦򣬷ʮ䣬ȡǿĳɾ͡
д˵⡰䡱δκιΪõ˸Ʒ׵ĵҩ֮󣬱Ӳﵽ̶ֳȡʱս˵ʱϲδκԹâ˸õ֤
֮²֣һ㡣
ЩЦõǡЩ˵ܶ²ⶼ޵Ľӽʵˡ˵ܳУֱѾԵһˡУܵԵļСǣܵȴԼеĳаˡ
ֱ˵ʲôƷ׵ĵҩӲĴﵽ̶ֳȣҲ޵Ľӽʵ࡭ֻԼҲǲ֪ǡơǼƷǿãƷӦò̫;ˡ

ʱ䣬֮졭
춼Ƿƽ˾׼ҵҲûгֹҲûʲôݵ˼׷Ǵﵽ˵ġ׼Ҳȷǰ׳գҲǻݵݣһƽûбҪΪһССľ׶һ͸ǳǿС
ڡս֮ĵڶ죬ݱ￴ڵȴޱơޱƣ˴ʹ軨֮Ϣ
軨ȷûö֫Ĺܣȷʧһ¡軨ܱΪƷҩ֮УȻҲ֮
ޱƵ̷軨֮󣬱ѾɢȻǶʱָ˹˿ϵļãҲǶʱٲ֮ǰֿȥʱģ
ޱƾ̾軨֮󡪡ⶫֱǱʥƷ
Ҳǳ³һڿڲٵĴ̵⣬԰ĵˡ
ʹ軨֮õĹڷõĵˮɵĽ˵Ĳ㣬ﵽ˵Ĳڵĳ̶ȣٶ֮죬õ˫ҲǾ̾ѡ
軨ϴ跥ĹЧĵõ˳ĽٲֻǿߵĴڡ軨һԼΪǿߵĻᣡ
ҲЩ̾ʧȥһĿһۣԼȴһ컯˵Ҳ໥ˡ
ʶǵõ˴̵ȻҲˡΪôܻĸһЩ˫ԣҲһ׹
ЩȵǣĴ̵ԣȻǻԡҴ̵ҲΪϡŶ̶̵ʱ䣬ѾʼСɹĽһס
̵ϾǴһЩôصˡҪһ;һЩʲôͻƣѾǼΪˡǣںи컯
ص棬ڼʶơǸɽԼɽ֮йľ޴ʯŵʱݱѾӴһЩˡ
軨ֻǶƷҩȻЧѾ˾ˡôƷƷƷƷϵĵҩָһ棿
ôʱѾȻһһҪҵӵж֫Чĵҩôվ¿ļ
ȻϣʱЩãݼţһܵõ
˵Щޱ˵һµ޷μҵӽӴϢ߸˫顣
˫ȻޱȣڵǴվ軨Խμ֮˴ΪѰҵʱ˫ĪĬá
Ȼ֮˫ȴδޱƶ˵һЩʲôޱ뿪ޱЩĪ
Ϣȴ۾֮¶һ˿Цݡ
޼һļ̳ߣȻμʵһκ˶𾪵顭ֻ˫ѾϢ߸ۡңѾǰȥѰиĴ˰ɣ
ȻҲǺڻɱ޷֮ĵڶ죬רȥ¥غһ졭δʲôջûзμҵˡǿ˾δ˳ˡ
޼ҵȻһҪĶࡣռ鱨ֶΣҪࡣݲ鲻˫۵˲鲻ʲôʱݵҲŪ
ҲΪԳִ˲ٴȨҲļܵʹ࣬Բ޷μҵ˼ɣ˿滹ĵ۰ġ
ֻ軨ݶ˲˵һҲǱɱͲ֪ԵǸʲôıˡ
ӦǷǳǳĺÿɣ
뵽Ҳ¶һ˿ɭЦݡ۵飬˵ǺϢ
һ죬ݱޱһֱĵޱƷŲ
ٹҪȥϪˡô߰˸µʱ޷ˡ߰˸µʱ䣬ᷢһЩʲô飿˭Ҳ˵
ϾڵĴޱƻǷǳġ
ֱţ֤Լվ֮ޱƷŴŹػɫ뿪֡ȴҡͷЦѡ
ޱ뿪ݣҲǿʼС
칫δʲôꡣ׶ûըһΪơ
ҪأҪ졭칫ҪѰһˮĵط򡭡ϾеˮԵĹģҲˮɶ
жٻЩĿ׼˵ıԸǲ뿪̫ԶѾŵ˵ʲô£һʱ֪֮ͨŸеġ
ʶʱȥ֮СһȴʼԿ

գǰף⣬ڶɽͷ֮ϣĸ˳
ֹȥһˡ
붨еݣϵľɫâ˫һ˿ɫʵâһӶ̧ͷա漴૵
ʱѾȥ׼ҵıҲδӣҲʱ뿪ˡ
аš漴ֿ˿գվΣų֮ȥ
һ·ŶȥɫȻǸѾвݿţѾһ󡰺ٹٹѧͽȻǿݵʱЩ˴۾һȻָָ㣬ѹ˷ܵ
Ҫ˵˭⡰һ֡ʮ֮пʮ˶ش𡪡䡱
ڵնݵԼս֮һսǿʵصݡһУΪõ̸ʡ
ݿΧЩԴĿ⣬ҲЩΡȻѾȥ죬ԳЩ˵Ŀ⡣
ʵϣʱ󲿷ʱ֣һ֮⣬иԭǶ㿪Щ˵Ŀ⡭
ԻǱȽϵ͵ġоԼΪǰĴһ㣬ʲôھ۹¹̸оָоʵЩꡣ
Σܲܽ˼ֱӱһٰɣ֮£ֻüӿһЩӡ
Ȼٽŵʱȴ΢һ㶡ƽʱʱ򣬶֮ҲѾѧͽĲ֮֮ǰһսö񣬲ݵѧͽҲĽ˶ţöź֡
Ȼ죬ȴ壬δʲô⵹Щɻ
ӿ˲ӣ߽˶ŵĴţȴǷһЩ״ڴɨŲ֮⣬һЩǰԺԺ֮شﶼǰŸּʲݶʱһ㶡



181 ֮󱯷
ڴʱһ״ӿݣ۾һ֮󣬶ʱĻһ
һһΧĵҲǷݣһҲ¶ɫĻһ
ڶŵ˿ȶԲ١鶼޷֮ȡ
һ㶣εӦһ漴źʵڸʲô
״΢һ㶣ݵҲ΢ɢһЩ¶ȻҪɢšЩġ
ɢţ΢һ㶣漴ӹ˼˵ͷҲٶ˵ǳźͥ˹ȥ

ˡ
һ·ٵ״ӣǹĳݴкҲǵͷӦʱȴ˺Ժ
İ˴ӷнһЩΣӣ֮ĶᵽһЩСѾһѡټһԺѱЩ飬мָš

˹ȥ鿴ݹ۾ʱһǹЦֵܣ˰ǺǣãҸڷڵء˵Ҫ˵ȥɡ
ȵĳкϸ˵һҵĶˣȻ
΢һ£漴˵ͷǳŶƵķ䴦ȥ
ƵסҲڶᣬһݱ⡣

߽䣬ȴǿΧеļҾ߶ѾաΨһʣµһ̫ʦϣ棬̧ͷ㶵Ŀ컨ǽ֮ϵĹΣҲʰһɸɾʱⷿԵǿյ
˽ȥ΢һ֮󣬱Ŀڡ
ɫ΢ջĿ⣬漴¶һ˿Цݣ˵ͷĿƽ͵Ŀݵ˰
ݵ˵ͷĬƬ֮վ̲סǡ
ǺǣûʲôġЦЦֻ̾ͻȻðݺۡʮ꣬ҲǻһЩҲˣҲûʱ׳־ǴɢݣȥҹŮĶ꣬ˡ
ƿ˵ţȻܵĿ֮Уȴܿһ˿֮顣
ݳĬȻ֪֮ԾɢŵԵʲôҲ֪˵ʲôϾ׼סԼվһҪ뿪ġһ׼һģԼ֮󱨸ֻ¶ʱҪٶ
Ƕһֽģʮķ붫һͬȹ˵ûиȻǲܵġֻ£ҲǾõԥһεľɣ
һ硣ʵʲô˵ûʵһ֮أҲϼѡ
ţ˵ͷȻֿĹЦŵˣڴףܾ쿪ʼµԲҸ
ǺǡǾͽСֵܼˡ
ֺǺһЦ˵ͷվӣһ֮ͻȻЦŵСֵܣ
˵ţתһԵڷȥ΢һüͷȥ
ڷ߶ʱ΢ڷȥӦǶƵҡζѾߣ̶ǽϵǸյԭ֮⣬û
Եȡ
Ťͷ˵һ֮󣬱ǾߵܵԱߡ
ݺĿ֮У̽ܵһ䡣漴ƺһʲôطһǡ֮ʱ
أ
һ㶣漴ֻ⡰ǡ֮Уֿ¶һССģǽ֮е䡭
ȻǸأ
⻹ʵеһμĻءܿ˿ϷľƵǽճһ𣬸˿ȻŻرʱǡǡ¶һǶǽеĴ
ڵݿ˿þȡȴû뵽רԿ屾ΪҪչ·磬Ҳ˾ɵĻأ
漴ȴЩɻ󡭡ⶫͻȻԼ˴ȻصĻأȴǺιʣ
ݾԴɻĿ֮УƴӻͳɫĹŹԿף˴ϵ֮ϡ漴ͬʱתֻġǡ𣬶Ʊǽ˿
漴̽УʱһúɫͲŵվΣתݡ
ݣɻĿ
кɫͲ漴֮򿪡ʱ¶һò֪ʲôëƤƳɵ鱾
鱾ԼĪһָҡëƤÿһŶǺܺԹһ£ԼĪҲʮҵӡ
鱾¶˼ָп૵Ϊ󱯷ƣһѧؼ֮ʱķһҰ֮֮ǰ֮ֻϧ¼ѧ̫Ī⣬޶ۣټʵ̫޷ϵѧƽ˷һ˻Ե
˵οЦҡҡͷ漴̧ͷݣƽ͵Ц˵մΪ㣬ֻҶѾǼлС϶Ҫúñ㣬κ޳ȥҲֻⱾؼ΢һЩ͸ɡ
˵ţƽе鱾ݸݡ
Ȼһȴһ㵡󱯷ƣһǷҵѧѵ磬Ҳз̲ɣ
Щš
龪棬ʵ󱯷ƻûжٵȤ
ݿǿѧԼ֮ͨѧǰѧپĿǰѧļѧ֮ûкĹԲ֪ǲǻбȡɶ֮ǿʽ֮⡭硰ơ֮ģȴǸϲġ֮ײڡѩ衱ġ
֪칦ǵȷǾǧǿѧģ졣
Ȼ󱯷ѧĿԺСƵڵʵҲֻڶѣʮǰʲôʵ
ǿƣֻǲΰطĲעǾͬ족ֲδϱߵġ
ڶԷеġĪ⡱һƪѧԶǸĪ˰ɣ
޹أ۽⡣ƵĲΣ۽Ȼ̫ߡ
Ȼ뷨δоӸµ˼ֻǾ¶ѡ
ԣ󱯷ƵȤʵڲߡ
뵽ҡҡͷǲˣô˵ҲǶ֮ˡѣѲҪԹۣң֮£Ϊ̫³çʹܵǣν֮˵΢һ٣̾һ񣬸۵ɢš˵䣬Ѿﻹ̸ʲôл䣬򲻸յġ
˵ţҡҡͷֽΪ󱯷Ƶؼ˻ȥ
ȴǲѩüͷʱ˵ڡ¥Сֵ֣ܳŮֻ¶ʱҪײСֵ֣ܳжҶҡ϶ȻδǶõġС϶Ҳ֪Сֵܵͣһ󱯷ǲСС϶ֵܳģҲֻһˡСֵܲաĪǿС϶
˵Ƶ֮¶˲֮ɫ
ԽˣԽǹִǾ˵飬ͺٸı⡣
ݿƲ֮ϹӿĲ֮ɫʱȴмֿЦáͷӷ˵ԼԼؼĻǱǿԷˡ
֮ҲֻεĽ˹ȥã󱯷Ҳʲô֮£ݵҲûʲô
ˡлүˡ
˹ȥ¶Цݣͷ˵ͺãͺáǽձҪ̣ɫ磬һٷСֵǳһΣ
ԣȻûоܾĵӦ֣ǽеĴ󱯷Ʒ˻УҲδϸ
£ǸڶƵ˳ȥ
ݱŶһڣһ͡
֮УĴԹһֱݵɨȴֻð̾һװûп
ӣݵĺøҲǼΪԡκݶȴδʲôĶĸоҲֻǡ仨ˮˮ仨ˡ
ԴԽݱȷһ㡣һҪ׷ѰƮĵ۷塣˵֮¡һԵɡ
ԼĶŮȻáϾҲ̽ԿյĺУն
ԼĶģҲǿԼ
ϾǿõġǰĶȻݲĶôȻΪԷϲԼǿԼԷһ𡭡ΪⲻǶԼĲءԶҲĪ˺
ãݵĸ黹ֻʵĺøСȵ뿪˴ֺøнıҲͻʱɢˡݣҲעֻͷһͶѡˣҲ͹ˡ˿
һͣԵ֮󣬷ǽȻ󣬶һڣ׼ˡ


182 һĿ꣺֮
뿪ֻжһԼյˡո˶ʮ꣬໥֮֮ѲסҪ뿪ȻһͬС
ҪȥĿĵأ춼Ľеġ̶ǡ
ԭƻһŮԶ޽ġ̶ǡڵҲ֮ͬװ뿪Ҫȥĵط⡰̶ǡ
ȻϾǰǴѰǣŵúõдݣȻҲһӦ
Ȼڵȥǲȥ˭֪أ
֮ǰһƱһԼĪʮңҲǧӡȻʮ꣬ճҲǼƽصҲǲࡣһЩʲԼռСͥԺҲǧѡһǧѾȫҵ֮һҪ
Ȼݰٰܾ̬ȴǼΪԵԷԼȫСȻ֮ѡһ·ǰԶҪһЩִ̲ｨ֮Ҫ㣬Ҳ޷ȴݿЦá
̬ȼΪƴҲƴǲá֮£ֻһһ
ȻⶫܸɣһȫãһֻһȻִ
ִִĿ¡ƫִҲͬǿľˡһִȻ˭Ҳ˵˭ȴõΧ˶ǿЦá
գմЭƲǿͬûΣҲֻʣµǽһִ
̫Ѿ֮ʱƵˣ׼뿪ˡ
Ϊ˷ֹڳгʲô¹ʣݾһ̡Ǵˮ·Ҳ˰·ɱ
ǣڶڶ״Լļʦ֮£Ƶˣ뿪춼ǡ
Դˣ⼸롰һ֡һʱĶţʹͣգ

ɳɡһš޴Ļι㳡֮ϣȻ˳ӿ
ɳɡںӵĻи󻪹Ϊںӣͨ˴ȥκһСʶʹҲǲ٣ͨǼΪ㡣
ں֮޻ΪٵģУҲֻ׵Ľ׵ޡҴֻߵ·󲿷޶ǱһЩǿ˵ġҲֻһЩɽķ֧ĩ»һЩޣƽʱȴǺټɱӻǿҲǱȽ١½·Ҫȫ࣬ҲҪ࡭
ˣǴƱˣڰȫٶϵĿǣ󲿷˳Уǻѡˮ·
Сֵܣлһ·͡ͻȥɡ
ʱֵʱ򣬶ƵˣѾˡɳɡƣվһҾ޴ľƿʹԵİϣֳݸšߣ˵ĳ֮ɳɡȷǷ
ֵܣʱҪ̶ǡ氡ϸҺúõĿ㣡
ҲѿЦų˵
ڶ溬Ŀݣ΢죬Ȼһ֮ȴȻĵͷҲǿݶ㺡
Щ飬ŮҲ״νӴһ棬ƽسЦݣʱҲѿˣ·һ˲䶼ǳ˲١
̾һЦŹֵãǸˡףλպ
ɼԡ룡
˹ֺ֣Ǻǵ˵
Դˣǵˡݵ˵ͷתʱûӵȺ֮С
Ŀ뿪֮󣬲תŴȥ
ȴǷ˶ȻճյĿ⣬΢һ֮̾һĶԷ硣
ع΢죬Ĵͷ
ɵѾͷǣһ˰ɡ
մȺ͵ĿŶȻ̾Ϣ
΢һף֮ĵ˵ͷ
Ȼյ󣬿˴֮С

ŵ飬ȫһˡ
ɽˮ֮䣬ݿУȴڰ˼ţԼһӦô졣
˫Ѿ֪μнӴ飬ʱ䣬ӦѾʼֵˡʱж̣²鲻ʲôٹһʱ䣬ֻ¾ҪһЩˡǸʱ򣬱̣ҲҪԶ˰ɣ
һֱ޼ɵ֮Уݱ²⵽۲ǲԸΪԷ̫󡭡Ϊ˹ȫ֣ò̡
ǣ˫ĲμҽӴֻ±̣Ҳǲ̣
Ͼһļ̳ߡȻ̳߾Ȼڸ޼ҵĳϵκһ޷̵ģ
̣֮Ϊ˼棬Ϊ֮ԵΪѾȫȫڽڲˣ̣Ҳ䵱ˡ
ԣһ֣ȻһöԷӦۣӦ
Ŀ˸š
һһЩؼǱ֤ݡϾ޼ҵĸѾͣʮ鵱ĺܡûֻ֤۱Ҫ֣Ҳǲġ
ȻҪץ֤ȷЩѵġ
ѹѣҲһˡո޷Ŀŵμҵһͬ롮¥ȻԷװ磬һǲѿһְ衭ԶԷ·ʽҪ벻һЩ˿ֻ֮Ҫ֤ݣ˵ЩѶȣҲǲܡ
һҵʱ䣬ǲˡ
뵽˴ݳ³һ֮ɱ
ԿǺ޵˼£пܣֻֽԷɵǰǣҪﵽ죡ʵûжİա
޼֮иƣڵʵ޼Ҳֻǿǡ֡ԶԶﲻֵĳ̶ȣһԻʲôУδ죬Ҳ׳ԡ
׷ɱͬɥ֮ȮһǱӴܡ־һξ͹ˡݾٳԵڶΡ
Դϴε¼֮󣬴ޱƿе֪۾Ȼûʱжʱ˼ֽ١ò˵۷ǳʧȻԷпҪΪ롭Լ壬ҲʣǻԼԷ˺ԼˣƴԪˣҲҪԷһݺݵĽѵ
ҪŷҪԴΪصػ֮⣬ҪһЩģǺȻȻΪʨȴ̫Ƿȱ
ҲˣȻ֪˫϶ѾŵϢҲûȥԷһ档
ֻΪ֡үү
ûаʲô鶼Ҫǵ㵽öԽԽŵġүү翿Լʵڣ
ԣ˵ĵ֮ǡִ죡
ݳ³һȫʱˣ
ڳȻǲܳɹͻġôȥҰɡ
ݵĿ⣬ɨɽ͡漴ӿΣʱѾʧһɽ֮¡

ûϢ𣿡
޼Ҹ֮ۡУһͥԺڣһ䷿
ĹΪ͸Ż֮ϵĻƸ⣬ȴǿĿһ鷿
һŰԵϢӣ֮֮ϡˮǰ˵ϥأ΢ͷ
ͳһ˿׺΢һ΢һ˿ǵġȻ޷үϢ
һ֮ķԵüΪ̶Ȼκ˶һ֮ѹŵıŰŭ⡣
˵壬ʱĸȴŅ̀ͷȥ
á
軨أ
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׵ĺ˻һɫֳһ˿԰סҧҲҲûϢ
ҲûϢ
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ʮˡѾʮˡÿҵϢǡûϢ
áܺá
ᣡ
ļȻ֮нâʢͬʱ̧ͷһɫһ˲価ԶǱò԰׵û˰Ѫɫ
ȻâֻһӶ˵ͫףͬʱһɷ·඼˲侷һĿ־壬˲ǵͷ
Ƭ֮󡭡
ˡͣ
׺˵ͷͻȻļϹһֱ䵽˷űߡ漴һѪʱͺͺĲ֮ߣ
Ϣʱ֮ʧȥͷ­壬˵ϡ
ѪߵȫȾ죬Ȼ˸ҲҶһ£һ࣬š
ŨѪζʱ鷿
֮Σվ͸Ż֮ϵССԿ塭ˣԣ
һ˫ֶۣΣױȵѹϢ䡭
֮󡭡
ңٸʱ䡭֮ûϢ
ƽ˵ͣ
Ȼȴɴ⣬Ӧǣ
˵꣬һۣͷһ˱촦˵壬һ˱ͷ˳˷䡭
Ƭ֮󣬷֮УٶȻָֹѹ֡
ԣеϣۣϢȫ

ʱ׾Թ϶ɿš
Ѿ£ѾȥļȻȻ١ɽҰ˲֪Ұǧ죬Ѥޱȡ
֮£ɽһһûоͷ
һȴԷ·Ծ֮£š¡¡һװɽ䣬׹¡ޱߵˮܡ
һɽٲ
ٲ֮ߣֻɡ֮£һչȡչ֮ϣŲٵˮȻˮȴ㼫ΪŨʶ˵ߣȴǲδжٵӰ졣
ʱһһϮɫˣȴϥٲǰԶһɫʯ֮ϡ
ݿ㣬弡·𪣬ŽһԲȴܸо̺ڼڵǿ
ڳɢԺ΢żʪ̧ͷڵȴǾĶǷµ·˼ʲô񣬷·Ѿȫǰٲרעɫ˼ֹ󡭡
꣬ݣ
ѾٽģˮȴǼҪͻơ족ִ족ôͱԼԡˮĸָ꣬θ
ԡɽԽ룬ɽˮ㻨Ĺҵ˴˴
ʣ˴ȷó
ǣݱס
Ŀȷ죡
գ˴չȵĵʮ졣
ʮʱһֱʯ֮ϣһδĿǵٲ
ʮʱݿδˮδȻ˹
ǷڵϣѾ˰ɣ
Ȼʮ۷ǿߣȫ׵Ī˵ֻʮ졭ٶʮ죬Ҳܳܵˣ
ݣĿٲ
ʱ䣬ȻšʱţɫΧ£ҲǽĽ
ļȻһֱʯ֮ϵݣһ˫֮УͻȻһ˵ľâ漴ʮ塭ˣ


183 ֮ɱ䣡
ݵαɫĹгӯһ˿αֻһ䡱ը죬ȥٲ֮ף
Уˮ֮һ
죬Ҫˮ֮⾳
ҹףչ꣬۳ĻϫĹƣۺѩԸɣֻ述֮һֿ֮ɼ
Ȼһȴҽˮ֮⾳ָΪˮ
ˮɶ˵Ĳ׵֮ѩƮ졭˼֣Ϊˮ֮⾳ֺ֮һһ˵
˸һ̣η·Ѿ֮䡣Σһ˲䣬Ѿٲ֮ס
䣬ݵΣѾվ±ٲҳƽʯ֮ϡ̦޺⻬ЯԽ֮˻ǿƥȻݵϡ
Ȼȴ˿Ϊƣɫûаֲдתֱӱϥٲ֮µʯ֮ϣٲ֮ˮϡ
˫ۣϵľɫâһ˲䣬ı
һΪġ֮ͷ֮롭ݣʼһɱ䣡
һ̣˵ľ񣬶һۿɱٶȷţ
һ˿˿ںɫճ֮֮бͣй漴ٲ֮ˮݺݵĳˢȥ¶Բ֬һļ
֪֮ǰΪˡơһΡϴḶ֮́еʣѾ󲿷ȫų⡣Ȼ񣬡֮壬ȴٶȾһ̡ң֮ơġϴӵĳף˵ȵһɱɣ壬ֽһﵽ˾㤵ǿ̶ȡ
֮Уɱ䣬еĸΪˡ
֮УԭѾȫҺһ̣ӿ
ԵĳһΪģȻǷתʱѾγһƬС
֮壬ʱǷӿ֮С漴Ƭ֮УһСıɫ壬ȻǸ˳
һűɫĳ֣Ƿӿٶȱٶȸһ˲ʮֹתݣҲо˵֮ķ񡣲ʱȴûйȥᵤ֮еı仯ֻΪʶѾȫĳһƬɫĺ֮У
ӯһ˵ӴɫҺ壬һƬռ֮зӿţݴǰһУȴЩԡ
ļȻ֮䣬ɫ֮Уһ˿ɫȴû˿׵Ȼ֡һ㶣ʶҪΧȻͬĴ֮ɫǸʲô
ȻŸոһһ˿ɫʱǻһâݵʶǰһΰɫˮ״ɻ֮Уɫˮ״ݵʶ֮С
漴һ棬ȴͻأĳݵԺ֮Уһΰɫˮ״֮ļƬΣȻǶľˣ
ݵɫʱ΢һסȻֻһ˲֮󡭡ǻָ˹漴¶һ˿
˿̣֪һƬɫĺ󣬾ʶҲü֮רĵط
üġֱΪϵҪ֮ͨԣͨеʱǺٻõ⡰ϵġ˵Ǹ֪ȥ޷о˴Ĵڣ
ղһ˿֮ɫԭˡүµһ˿ƬģǱʶеļƬΡҲСʱļ䡣Ȼһϣȴжϳ˴ġϵ
Ҳʱݷ֪ԼľȻǿᵽ̶ֳȡ
ݲ֪ΪһĪԵɣӵĶʮһʹԽ⴩ԽĹ֮Уľǵûаֵ𣬻Ϊĳδ֪ԭüΪǿ
Ȼ˵κһ˶Ҫǿ󣬵ҲԲҲΪ㹻ǿܰյĵ԰յɶ⡰֮⡱
ڸոսӴ似ڸյ֪С⾳ôһ˵ʱ򣬱һ˿֮ɶѵǽң
֮򵽵ġ׵֮˵ĲԼѩƮ족Щ˵߲ôĸȻһ㲢ߣ˵ܵ͵ˣƾԼĸ򵽡˵ȥֻ²ǿ߶̾
ϰ似ʱ򣬸ֻҪУͿᵽ似ľʲôطȻ˵Ҫﵽ¯࣬ڰյ似εҪһһϰѾ˵ǿƿֲˣ
֪ͨ˶ԣûһ似֮ϳʮʱ䣬ᵽ似εġȻȴڶʹü֮еĵ־һԣǼ򵥵һ±ǿģ
һеԭǡľǿ
ںܶʱԼ͸Էɢƣ¹ԷʵҲΪľ˵ꡱ쳣ǿԵʣ
ǸʱԡǺ֪飬ȻҲǲʹáĻľǿȣǻʹˣ۵ܲܿʵһ˵
üڵĽɫҲڷӿţγһҵķ籩ĵ㣬һνɫ壬ȻΡ
ʱ䣬Ȼţݵɱ䣬֮£š
죬˵ǿеĹ̡ɱɹȻö˵ƳӼƵӴԺ֮ȴҲȥġ
ȻƼһ̣ҲǺһһеߣһ̣˵Ҳʱ
ǿѾﵽʮ۷壬Ҳǡˮ֮⾳ǽٲ֮Ӧ⡰֮⡱ʶٲȴ첻ɰֵӰ졣ǣΣȴˣ
ʱƣݵϣû˿ųһŨµȻ֮ζȴļȻ׵ģݵ֮УƮ
ζ˵ŶŨǡα鵤ɢζҲʱϵʮ֮һ㣬ζ
֮ǰһƬľĿչ֮У񣬾Ȼǲ֪ʲôطٵޣ
ǵͫһƬ죬ٲ֮ȥһһµĲš
Щޣ࣬࣬ޣзݣڻһЩŹֵĳ࣡ݴʱܿĻֻҲҪһɡ֪չʮ죬ȻʮʱĪ˵ʲôޣһЩһҰޣҲǼȻڣչȣȫռݣ
ɺɫ˫ͫĶٲ֮еݡŨζԽŨٲ֮һеĺâһ˲˼£Ҳ̲סݱǷ˹ȥ


184 ֮꣬
䣡
Щ޵ʵĲ㵽ңȻݵȴٲ档ǿƥγһȻķ㣬Щ޸˹ȥǱݺݵĽ·̶ˮ֮Сһʱ䣬ݵȻ࣬ȴûݡ
ݵھҵѱڣǳɹǽ졣ʧܣǡ֮ʱҪ
ǿȹȻѾﵽʮ۷壬ƽʱվŲЩͽ׵˺ҧҲûɶ鷳ȻڣΣЩޣڵġ֮
ҪֻҪĸԤɱ䣬ǣ֮£ɱġ֮ʱҪո
ǰͺ̣ϵķݣϵޣ̶ˮ֮еˮޣǳݷ˹ȥɫ˸ɺ˫ͫɢ̰Ĺâ
ŨζԽԽŨ·ͬһɢζĵ⣬õΧ޶Ƿ
һЩޣѾǽӴ壡
Ȼݵɱ䣬ҲѾٽΪؼʱ̡ʶѾֵʶ֮У̽ʱ䡣Ҳ˵ڴ˺൱һʱܻѹֻҪһͷ΢ǡ֮ʱҪȡ
䡱֮Уһͷͷֱݺݵ̶ˮ֮С棬ʱԵ죬ɲ
𡭡
һͳԶңңĴ˹ƻǻȻͳ֮УȴŸ߸ϵĴһ˵Ŀ񱩰Ե
ϵζѾ΢֮£ļԶˡһЩɽ֮еĸߵȽޣҲѾѭζѰˡ
󣬵ҲֻҵЩӰ졣ϵޡ
ݣں֪֮£ӭԴԽΪΣյΣʱ̣
𡱵ײһʱ䣬صչ֮С

Ȼʣգİơ
֮䣬һӰȴǻ϶Ļӹ
ݲͨѩףȥٷ٣˫չԼĪ߰׿һᣬͿԷɳ׿⡣УƻȻʵȴǼ졣
мʶ˿˷ݣֻ¶ʱҪһֻΪݣɲ֮
񡱣һƷޣ
ݣʵʵƷ׵ޣҲޣ
ޣС족족֣֮½֮ϣ֮лģԶǡ족ޡ޵ĵȽףͬߵķּһ㣬ʮס
ʮ֮󣬱ǡ족
ޡĿֲ֮޿Ҫ˵ĶˡΪϡ٣ֻ޻֮أѰټ
Ȼ֮һЩɽҰ֮䣬ҲܷЩ족޵Ӱӡ֮ˡ
ڴ½֮֮Դ󣬲ΪʵǿΪǼΪϡٵļֲûжѪɱ¾־ķ֮һҲǴ½֮ϣǿΪϲġ֮һ
֪ϵĴ󲿷޶ӵмǿġɱ¾ʶҲ˵һƬʶ֮Уɱ¾ʶռ˼λáҲˮݵԵ֮һ
Ȼǧ磬治СϣȻҲһЩȽϺĲûжɱ¾ʶޡЩޣʶδɱ¾ݡѾǡͬһȫ¡
ݵǾ֮ĺӣڡɱ¾ʶĵ͵ޡֻڷŭʱǵͫŻɴɱ¾ɺ֮ɫ
ޣпܱѱһЩصؼӡԲݣ
ԣ񡱣δж١ɱ¾ʶޣǴ½ǿΪϲΪ֮һڴ½֮ϣΪܵ׷
ţ
ļȻ֮䣬һĴ֮ȴͻȻ⡰񡱵ľ޴֮𡣴ʱڿ⡰񡱵ĺ֮ϣȻһˣ
ԼĪʮģһϮ£ͷڣһ˫ǳģ
⡰֮ϣʤѩƮƮնУһ˵Ʈݣ
񡱣һƷڵޣȻˣȻıϣĪǡһǿ߲ɣ⡰񡱣Ȼķ
һ˫ü΢ɻ̽ף²
֡Щƽزڰôȴȫ˳
£ǲȻȴ˵˵ĿѾ͸µĲ·Ρ
Ǻεֻ£֮Ǿ޴ķޣҲԶ˰ɣ
Щ˼Īʲô챦
ǿһ֮󣬵˼£һ񱳣Ц˵ߣȥ
һ仰أǡ񡱾Ȼڿһ֮󣬰׷һʱǳ·ȥ
ȥֱѾȫֱ¡Ȼϥ˱ȻżЦ⣬ȵ֮ϣûаҪģ
Ʋڶ߲ͣʱ·ѣȻ
ֻɽҰ֮䣬ڳһط㼯ǡ񡱵ԣһЩޣҲڳһطӿ
񡱳ֵһ˲䣬֮еķޣȫһȻǿһҽҪɢӴܡ

ļȻǡ񡱷·ЩһʱЩԭɢȥķޣһųͣ˰աʴԴš񡱷һϸ΢ġֳ˳̬
Щޣֻ׵׶ѣˡƷסޣﻹаֵţ
޵ҪȼԸ߽ޣͽ׵޶ǲⷴġ
ȻֵȼѹҲƵġֻ֮Ĳʵ̫ʱ򣬷ԵľηЧ
족롰족ֲ࣬ѾΧе޳
񡱾滹ȽԶʶϵ޻ûжٵĸӦԣֻϵķǾηͣˡ
ȴǸûпΧЩʾ̬ޣ֮¶һĨɫһȥܣһ˻ˬŨζ
漴૵֮Ȼ˸ɽҰ֮У죿ġ֮塯Ҳδ˿
㶣֮ȴһָǰ˵ߣǹȥ

һУʱǵõΧķǻһڵ֮ϵޣҲ˲ͣΣ̧ͷſпеġ񡱵ʱ򣬵ϵޣʱͣΣӣɺ˫ĿֱĿǡ񡱣ȻǲԶ
״ľԻĵһѭζʱӶȥ
ӰӣʱǿˣѾһչϿա
ɵٲ£ˮƬչȡڿչ֮⣬ڳŹл㼯һ˫۶˸Ũɺɫ¶̰Ĺٲһ࣬޷ĳٲȥ·ٲ֮У˷Ϊ֮ڡ
꣬һ۱Ϳǰ˵λã۾΢һ漴¶ɫ
衮ˮ֮⾳ͻ졭ӣƺûʲôʦ̵Īǡɢ޲ɣ
뵽˴еľȸŨ˼֡
˲֪Ȼȴס
һˣûʦ̵ҪͻƵ족֮ǲ׵ġϾ´󲿷ֵԴǱŸƿšͨԣһЩʵǣĳ֮ڣȻʦŵԴ졣
Ĳ˵ǡ֮һϣʦûʦĲֳ࣬
˵򡭡ôʲôôˣ
ʦ̵һȻǲ⡭пܻ⣬ԶʦԼġȻߺܶ·
ǣûʦôһжÿԼ
֮УԶһյָ·ƣȫԼһеѿ֪
˵֮⣬Ǹϼѣ
Ȼǧ磬ܿܿȻҲһЩ֮Ҳܹ򣬵ִ족ġ
֮Բ²Էûʦ̵ԭ򡭡ΪˣȻط죡
Ҫ֪Ḷ́һһ̤֮·󣬵һΣյĹͷڴʱ֮壬ߵ塣Ϊ֮塱
⡰֮塱ָĲǡǿߵ塱ڽܡ֮ġ塱
֮УеʾԱųʹ֮ӵǿᣬ͡ȫĳ֮󣬴ӻë֮ģŨġ֮ˡ
νġֳ֮Ϊ֮ԪָĲؼɢҵڴӺͻơ족֮ʱط򣬴֮нµһΪ
ϴʣǿȣܽߵȫתǿߵġԪ
֮ǶߣǶ˵ǼΪһ˵һҲֻڽʱ򣬷ôһ˿֮Ȼôһ˿֮ߵʵΣ֮ǿᡣ
֮塱ָıֻôһ˲ѡȵɣ֮ɢȥڵġ֮Ҳ˲䱻еġ֮кͣٴﲻ֮ǰǰ㾫
Ǳ֮ΪԪ롰֮Ԫ֮
֮Уߵʶȫ뵽üʶ֮У뾫񣬽ܡ֮ĸ졣Ҳ˵ʱߣûаֵֵġֻ΢һЩԤḶ̌Ǹġ֮ͻǣ֮£ǿĹ˲ȡߵ
ȻŨġ֮֮ʱ򣬱ǻֶױջζʱʱޣʳ
Ȼ޳Եǡ֮塱Ҳ޷еġ֮ġΪ֮ĲȶӶ˲䱬Ҳ˲ջȴΣ֮С
Ͼ󲿷ֵ޿ɶûжǵġֻ֪Ƕˡ˵ûʲôΣգȴǲǵĿǷΧ֮ˡ
ʶһ˵ʦָˣڽʱ򣬶һЩ׼УͰԼ壬֮壬֮͡塱֮ʱá֮ζ
ңһΪҪһ̣һҪˣʦ𻤷ʱǷһЩʲô⣬Ҳʦֽʲô̫⡭
ǰеˣȻǲ֪һġ
ֵҰ֮Уûκηʩ֮£óȻĽ죡Ҫˮˮ֮⾳ӶعԽٲ֮׵ĻֻѾһʬˣ
ЦõҡҡͷһﻹȱʶȻȱʶһСһƺȴǲӲˡ֮˾ȡ
ȻҲ֪ϣֻи֮⡱ӶġҲһЩΪĵҩֱӵִ졭ǰСһȻˡ
ΪŵҩִģϾ׶˵ġǿҩӲĵִﵽ죬ģҩ֮еġ֮ȻǰСһȴطġ
꿴Զٲһͷƻǻİ˽ޣٲһ˫ɺ̰ٲ֮еӰٲ֮Ȼµ޽ȥáȻڰ˽׵ޣȴȫȻûа谭ġ
΢һ漴¶һ˿Ц⣬ЦȻˣҲԵȻˡͰһѰɡ
뵽˴ͻȻΪݵĶ
ֻһӨɫĹ㣬ļȻ˸ϳһѤĹֻǿٵ˼ӵӡǣֻü֮һ˿ǳɫâļȻӹָ֮ϡ
ļȻ·ض΢һ£ǿҲӹһ˿â㣬µ٣
һ١£ٶ΢һ漴һɫ⻪ѱٶȣ˲ֶ£ʱǷɵٲ֮¡
ɵٲ֮µʱҲǰ˽׵ƻǻ޷Ծȥʱ
𡱵ĵͺĺͷɺ˫֮ͫе̰һ˲˼£
䣡
ļȻ·ضǺݺݵһǰ˽޵УͻȻ¶Ȼ֮ɫ壬·ײһޱȵǽ֮һ㣬ֻðǣ漴ݺݵĵˮ̶֮С
Χʱȥеޣ·˲ײһ̵ǽϣ漴׷׹ˮ̶֮У
һĻһ֣ݵͷ֮ϣ
ǵΧޣһжԵ¶һ˿Ȼ
滹޲ͣȥǱݺݵĵˡ
Զڡ񡱱ϵĿ꣬溬ЦĿһĻȴҡҡͷЦҲھǵ
ˡ֮塱Ҳ˲䱬˵Ҳûʲô󡭡


185 ϲյ֡족
ңٲٲ֮ǰҲһ٣ٶĳȥȻһĻĹ֣ȴûа˼̶̳ȣνɲ
ȻʱơһŨµζȴǽɢؼ䡭Զδ뵽ɽеж¶һ˿ɻҿ˿֮󣬾Ȼһɢ˿
ǹ֣Ǳݵ壬ǽϡ֮ŨζҲȫ
ʱչ֮е֮⣬ԶޣѾɢһɶ
ݵɱ䣬Ȼڳš
緢һȻǺ֪ģʶȻȫɣڡ֮ĺ֮С
֮УһĴָСıɫ壬Ѿȫĳ͡һžϢġ֮ĵõΧЩҺ̬ĳǿűɫ岻ͣĻۡΧҺ̬ϵģһűɫҲԽ׳ɫԽʵ
ڡϵü֮Ƭɫĺȴɡɫĺ֮ϣһŽɫĹҲȫĳ͡ɽâ֮Уɫ򻺻תͣЩɫľõľԽľǿ󡭡
һУڷŷ츲صı仯
ʱ䣬ȻšɫİЩΧߵڽ޹ݡ֮塱ɢζҲѾǵɫĹȫĽʱƣҲɢ˿ȥ
֮ʱе޶Ѿȫ뿪
¹֮£ֻʣһӨӨɢŰâĻȻ˸ŵӫ⡣Լһٲ֮
꣬ҲѾٲ֮ǰһߵ֮ͣٲ
ԴЦ⣬ߴʯ֮ϣµĿٲ֮µݡУ˵ϣһŨġ֮Ȼɡ֮ڽɢţȥɱѾеͷˡ
ͦġ
ݵ֮ʱҲ¶˼죬¶Цݡ
ȥӦòʮǡ
а뵽
ߵͨҪһЩΪﵽһ̶֮󣬲ϵٶҲ仺ڡ֮Ĺ֮УҲһЩƷϻ֮ͯ¡
ݽֻʮ꣬ʮһȻڿȴΪѾʮˡ
Ͼʮִܵ죬ѾΪܿɹˡڶʮִ죬һûʦ̵£½ҲǼΪġȻижԷʲҲ޷ԷȻȾµšд˲²⣬Ϊ
ȷûʦС˵Ļ˵ԡ
΢漴¶һ˿Ц⡣ݵУĪĶ˼׽
ڿע֮£ݵɱ䣬Ĳβ
ļٲĳˢ֮£ԲĹ֬ǲŮӿˣҲǵüʵѪɡ
֮УеҺ̬Ѿȫʧʣµģȴһ˿˿ɫĹ⻪ɫ⻪ȥҺ壬Ȼȴ֮ǰľɫҺΪճҲӵһ˿˿Ǳɫʵ֮У͸¶
⣬ǽ롰Ԫ֮ġԪ֮
ԪǴӻ̶ȣ̶ȣԼƻϣҪ˲ֹһΣһգݵ￴ȥһӯű֮ɫλ֮ء
ϵü֮ҲȹӴĽɫѾȫʧȡ֮ģȴһöͨƣһ˿˿Ľɫâ壡ȥʵء
⣬ġȫʵԲļ֤
ڲʹõʱ˵ƽȫȻҪʹõʱ򡭡ǹɾʱͻתǿܣ
ȻʹҲнġ㣬Ҫһȥѧϰļƿء
ᡱ
ļȻ֮䣬һ΢֮ϣΨǿ߷ſԿġ֮Ѿɢ˿֮С
üͷ΢һһ˿Цݡָ΢̼䣬ϵӨɫâʧ˸Ӱ١
꣬Ц⣬ݡ
ݣڻ˫
˫һһ˵ĸо˲ϯȫУվľâ
֮Уӯһ˵ǿĸоָо޵УһֱͻƵʱ򣬶ǲֹĸо
ǰÿһ㣬ȻһԼѾǿĸоȻûκһΣһǿң
ⲻֻϵķԾһϵķԾһȫµĸܣӿȫ
Ŀһ˵·׵Ŀǧ֮һɵ֮ϵĹʵĸоû·Բ֮ڣκһ˿紵ݶԶĸԺ֮У
һƿصĸо·һ̣ⷽԲڵ飡·ֻһⷽԲﷶΧڵһУƿأ
ָоǿ
ǿݣݸҲҲκεݴʣ
⣬ǡָ֮о
ݽšȭͷУ¶˷֮ɫ
Ŭ£Ϊģôһ
Ȼһ٣ͻˡ족ָ֮оȻûʧ
ǿ࡭֮ʮ۷壬Ҫǿϣ
񼤶ĸԼ塭ÿһ鼡⣬ÿһϸ·ڴ˿̷˳ĻԾ춯صǱ֮У·һȭӳҲҪ˲俪һһ㣡
ܲסеļǳļȻ֮䣬šȭ漴Ϸһӣ
û̺κεȻȴֻ˻һ죬һȭȻǽ˺ѣӭŴµٲݺݵײȥ
䣡
һ죬Ȼըһ޴ըȻһ㣡ˮĽµˮȻһȭȭѹӭ֮£ݺݵײˮ漴ըͷһ鼸׵ĵطٲȻֹ
ٲˮƣεȵľˣ֮ˣվٲ֮£ֻҲҪҵһǣ޶ԳȻķߡȻˮȴݲʹ֮ʱһȭ֮£ʱ
˸еֲ

ݵУʱ˵ĹâĿЦ紩ʯ˵Ŀο
ٲһϢٶȺ£ݵϡȻȴǻȻЦ֮еĿοȴ
ˮû뵽ڲʹ£Ҳˣ֮֮
ݣĴЦ
ĸߵ֮ȻĿǰһУȻ֮ϵЦȴԽ
ܸоԷĵĿϲοҲ⡣
ԼɹʦĻ֮µִ֮ʱ֣µλ
Ͼ֮κһ˵ľ硭ʮޣȴģһʱˣ¶ֳһɣ
뵽˴֮ϵЦ⣬Խ
漴Ц֮ȴ͸¶˼ֹŹ֣ҡͷʧЦðʧļһһֱڣȻûзң
ʵȻҪǿϲ٣ȻޣҲʵʵһƷޣʵҲڿϲ֮Уһʱûзٲ֮⣬Զһߵ֮ϵĿ꣬Ҳǿ⡣
ҲżЦ⿴µĿЦŵݡҲǹˣҲԸô죬ʹ϶ԷĿο
οЦͣɵٲ֮վ·ϳˢˮδֵһ㡣
һȴ΢һ㶣һζȴıǿ֮С̫˷ܣʶûз֡ǿƽ飬ȴһ
ѭζᣬ漴ȴȻķ֡ζȻ壡
Ȼǡ֮塱ոսȻһ˿֮֮ʶܷ֡
ζȴǲס޹֮ݱҲͲ⡣۾һ૵ﵽˡ֮ôײ似ֻʲô˵ı仯أڴ
뷨һݣǳŰϷԾ
ȻԾٲ֮֮ȴ΢һ㶡
ǡ
֮δﵽ֮ǰ֪˶ٱһͷ˰ߵĲԾ
ô˴ĳǰˣ֮ϣȻ²ٵĺۼٿߣѾһƬǽ塣ûͻ죬Ҳֲᷢԣ˵ˡ
ܶޣ
ݿ˵֮ϲʮ޵Ľӡжʱ¶һ˿Ȼ
ļȻɫһͻȻ̧ͷһߵؿȥ


186 佣ڣ
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ݵĿ֮Уʱ¶һ˿ɫ
ֻĸߵ֮ϣһһӳ֮С
ݵüͷʱ΢һ壬ϲ֮ɫ˲ӹһ˿âת˲š
ˡǿ
ݿԷģһӦ

ңݣ̧ͷʱҲ¶һ˿Цݡڷˣ
ţһԾԾĺ󱳡񷢳һ֮˫һչӸߴ¡
ӰԾǷޱϵʱݵȴӹһĨصɫ
ǷޡĪǣķ
жʱһ˿ͷȻһ˿ɫȴ˲䱻ѹȥɫϣȴδ¶Ĳ
ȻѾ˲ʱˡҸղһۿȥǿҵģ˵ѾҡȻҷ֮󣬷Ź˿Ӧǲδʲôǡ
ȴšĿǼáɫȻѰЩ΢¹⣬һ֮УȻǽԷһԷ֮ϵɫ
ҲǲҴ⡣ɫδٲȴǰ䱸ϾȻ˿ȥʲô⡣СһЩܲʲô
ƽĿ֮УƬ֮Ѿ䵽˿չ֮С·ܿɫ֮еĽ䱸ھʮ׵ĵطǲͣżЦ⣬Ծ
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Ƭ֮վǿ¶һ˿Цݣҡҡͷ漴˵ϲ̨ɹ졣
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жʱɿӹһ˿ȣȻ漴ȴа̾ɢ֮졣Լδἰܲ²˴֮ǰޡǣԣԶǲСﰡ
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ݵȷȫȻûаֵĶ⡣֮ǰ֣ҲΪԸԵְһѰˡһֱȵڣȴҲȻǿ֮бֳĽ䱸ȴҲδʲô֮ΪԷȷġ
СĽȥı֮һ
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굹ǺǺһЦڵ˵
Ŷͽ̡
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չһЦǽ֮롰֮塱Լǡ֮֮ıַʽԼΣո˵˳
ݸտʼ棬ȻɫѾΪѿ֮ϣӹ˼֮ɫ
˭Լղں֪֮䣬ǲȥŹת˼飬ֻ¶Ҫ¶ֺɫɣ
˿ĻҲʵڲΪԷƭֻΪΧЩ뿪֮ʱĺۼлԭء
ڶ㣬ʦеĻڽȴ֮ʱʦȻҪһԵġ㣬Ʋ̨ʦеĸˡ
ЦŽԼ
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ֱӣ¶ֿЦݺͿ̨¡֮ݼ¡̨֮䣬Ҳպݱ𡣡
˵ֱӣδ̫ȻУȴǼ˶Է顣
ԷȻ˵ɣǾ֮͡Ȼ˵ȴǾ֮
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һȻ鴫ǰ⿡ꡰΡ겢ߣһʵȴȻԴﵽˡ֮ӵе֮ѵһķˣ佣ڵʵһǿˡ
ԭ硭СݣʦС֮Сܼˣձ
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ţݵҲٽ飬ͷ˵Ȼ˿СܣСٲͷԵ̫ˡã°꣬ݱǰʶʱȴҪˡ
Ǻǡá
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漴ԭһ֮ϣȴǺ׵ģһ
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УȴѾһ̧֣е˹Żع漴֣̽
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ݵɫδӹε۾¶һ˿صЦݣЦ˵ôǺǣֻһЩСѡֵܼ佣֮Ȼõġ
δȴЩʵɾеġСǰ򵥡ȱ佣ڵӵߣҲǼΪ޶ȵġҲʮǰõϼϯ֮λʱ򣬷Żһѡ
ݶм־̾ȻҲ佣ڸȤ
ǿߣ佣Ȼ٣οصȴݵʡҰ֮ģ󻪹ԶǼٵġܽɹģ͸ϡˡЩҰ֮ټɵˣնǳΪ˸֮
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ͷ¶һ˿ЦеľҲԷԸ˵ȻҲǿ
漴ŵͷ˶Է׹
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Сܼˡ
˵ţеƷ˻С
ĵ˵ͷ漴̧ͷ˿ɫ¶΢Цˣֵܸոս죬ػҪĳҲͲٴšգʶ
˵ţݹ֣Ǹˡ
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ҲǹЦ˵ãʶ
ǵһ֮ҲζαƮԡ񡱵ϣǡһ֮󣬱һԶԶ˸߿գʱʧΡ
ĿͶԷʧ֮ȴҲ¶֮ɫ
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뵽˴ݵУҲǲ佣˼Ȥ
Ƭ֮ʰԼ飬ȴǵͷԼȭͷУķһ˿Ц
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ձɥ֮Ȯһ׷ɱ޼ңðžһΣգݣɴδһ̻
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죬ҵҪЩƣʲôı仯
У¶һ˿ڴ
һƽе漴жһ˵ľâֻһȻը죬ݵΣѾʧ֮䡭

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޼Һɽʮɽ֮еľҲڽɫ£ɢŲ

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޼֮ڴˣȻϳˣԵ֮޼ҵʮϡ飡


188 ѧ󱯷
龲Ŀŷеԣȴǲδ˵ʲô
Լ顣
޼ϵļ̳ߣȻһâԱڵĸ˵ν
󡭡֪ˡǸܣԣһĴһʱǷϵ˼㣬һ糾Ůӡ
֮ԼʹһЩֶΣǷ糾ŮӺݺݵĴ̼һĻôԣҲڵˡ
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ã˴޼Ҹۡʮľ룬۵ˣҲǲܻ
֮ϵ漴˫̧ۣͷݳ䣬һʱ䣬Ĭ
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֮䣬зЩ򣬱Աǿǽ֮֮ȻΪǿᡣ
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˵ţӻȡƵؼ׸ԡ
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ԵķӦ΢һüͷӹһ˿졣漴һ˿죬Ҳû
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ײΪ˵粽Ǻ˵ġڽ֮ҲܸɵƿˡȻûдﵽͷһ𣬱Ͷʱ״̬֮УȴǰҪúõĻ䷽ܽ룬Ѿǿ˲֪ٱԹһΣļޣѾǰ13Σ15Σ
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֮Уݿ˼ڤ룬Ȼ֮ȴò̾һҡҡͷ
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佣Уǿ߸ơǣȻҸ޷ѧ֮·ȻǼ֣ǵ֮ȴκ˶Եֵ
ͨһ࣬УѾֲͣĸоѹ£ôգӡֻΪȷǾ޴󡭡
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ָо֮սʥ֮ʱʥ֮ϵִʱݵĳҪһЩ
ݣһһⱾؼָоֻ£Ȿһֱ飬ľϲ
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һӬͷС֣Լһͼݵ֮С
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һһĶȥȻԽݵɫԽأԽԽء
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ѧ⡰족֣Ϊǿ׷Ȼڡ
һ֪ԼǷƵ飬Ƿˡ
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ԾԪΪǣ֮⣬ط򣬽֮⣬ǿǿ֮
δ֮ǰûа취ΪݵġȻ֮ʶ֮顯ǾΪݵı־
Ϊ֮ʶûа취ط򡭡Ψо֮֮γɵԪΪһ˿֮طͬͬԴʶط򡭡
ţԪΪԾΪ֮ʤķ֮ݣ֮У⣬ǿԭ򣡡
ǿߣּ۷ǿ֮ԣԣֻ֮Կ⣿ѹ֣ѹ˵֮⾳ԭˣԭˡ
ݵ۾ԽԽ֮ϣҲ̲ס˷ܣ
֮ǰоɶ֮иĹǴΪ֮ǰδԾΪͬʱҲ֪һ˿طϵʲôطѣ
ԭˣүӣݣˣ
ݿοĴЦ֮ǰĻһ̣һɨգ
ҲͲסеļٶȵͷд󱯷Ƶؼ
󱯷ļΪϸаԪطÿһӡϵ㣬ʲôطԼ¼С


189 أ޼ң
ʱ䣬ݵŬ֮УȻš
һҳ㿴˰Сʱʱ̧֮ͷ³һ
ȴ΢
󱯷ƣǷؼҪķ߶ܷӳ
뵽˴֮Ҳ¶Ρ
Ÿոͻ֮ѣ֮ЩʲôصҲȫûŪסʲôķϰ
ûϵȻûķҵҲǱ֮Ԫ⡮ԪʹУȻ϶ˡķǿᣬӦҲ̫ɣ
Щȷš¿ûķ󱯷ƣ˵ʲôҲҪϰһġ
ֿ˿е飬һǲٳɡ
վΡ鱾·պ֮³һӹһĨâ
˫ֺʮǰ΢Ƭ̣ҳ֮ϵӬͷС֣ԿٵķӹݵԺȻˡ
ֻһ˿ɫԪļȻʲǰ˫֮ϣ漴˫ֶʱһǺϳһӡǡǷŵġӡ
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һͺȣļȻݿд˳ͬʱֱ΢һһ֮£ʱһϸ΢µĽɫâü֮д˳еӡ֮С
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ȻݵٶȰθߣһ˿âȫ󡭡ֻݵΣȴ͵һ
ʱһϡţǹɺȻѹԼһ˿âʧ˸Ӱ١·ֹһ
ݵ͵ȻƬ֮³һһ˿ɫ֮УһӶ
šȷһ˿ط򡭡ָо֮ʹáײҪǿ
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Ȼ󱯷ƣѧȻûзڵķӳ֣Ԫ߶ܷͬӳʮ֮ҵܡȻֻʮ֮壬ֻǿľˣ
һ˿ȻѹԼҲǸӦˣ˼ļ֮Сǿ󡭡
Ȼһ૵⡮ѧȻСӡԪҪصϣҪȫﵽһ¡򣬱˵ԶԵˣԼУ޷շġ
ôʱݷ֪ԣǹ֮ԡ⡰֮Ϳľ硭
뵽³һ̧ͷʣ΢ü
ԵսɽڣѾȥһµʱ䡭Ҳ֪޼ҵˣۿʼֶԸ𣿡
ݰšȻ˵Ѿɹ죬Ȼ֮ĽѣȴԶݵ󡭡Ȼаٷ֮ٵİܻɱԣȴЩĶԷ顣
ûд󱯷ƣôû˵ϻѡ뿪˴ǰ޼ҡ󱯷ơǲȫܸģ
ϾԼһʵȻص޼֮ҲͶһݱ֤
뵽˴ݵӹһ˿ϡ
ȡ֤ǿɵģȻѾһ£Ӧûİɣ󱯷ҲһҪȫУֻҪУԼһ飬Ҳ͹ˡ
˾ݱǷӣǿʯ֮ϣ󱯷Ƶؼٶ˳ϸģж


ʱȻţһУʮʱ䣬
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ƽڵȳһ֮󣬽ӡһֻƣȴƽ

ʱ׹һ˺ѿһӴĽɫӡȻŵ֮ϣȥ
䣡
ɫӡݺݵĻ˵棬̼䣬ضɽҡ֮ϣһʮ׳ľ޴ӡʱӡ˵ǵ֮ϵʯԣ촷ۣ
ÿֲ
Ӱһƻӳ漴һͦڿз˼˵ϡ漴˫һϣϵĽâɢȥƬ֮󣬻ָƽ

һԴ˵ĿУ˳Ұ֮Уϰ󱯷Ƶݡ
ݿһǰ֮ϵĳӡ¶˼ɫ
еʯ飬Ի촷ۣסƻǹΧҪȡɶ֮ǿ֡
¶Цݡ
ɶ֮ǶȻ󱯷ȴʵʵѹߣȴġݲͬʹòͬĹܴﵽõЧ
ʽ󱯷ƣʽʽѾѧеʽһһѧȻǲУÿһʽϵ㶼ǲͬȻѾѧʽҲֻѧѡڻͨöϰǡ
ٶ³һĿ⣬ȴǳԶɽͿȥ
֮Уģһ˿⣬֮૵Ҳʱȥˡ


ʱֵ磬޼ڸ
۸ۡԺ֮УȻһɸûʡһĻڡԺԺŴĿ⵭ĮӣһŨѹ
Ժ۵鷿֮С
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ԼĪʮģȻʵ䣬ȴѾʮ
۵ʻ˫΢漴ĵ˵ͷڵѾȷʮһֱμұŸܶȵϵǵˣļŮҲμ֮ߵļ޷ոճµʱƺǾһ£˼ŮĳСȻȥһˣҲ֪иλС̫ԡգǳɹĽμ֮˽Ӵ֮ĴŮŮ塯סҹѺش
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顭ԣô꣬޷ǾǲԸ޼շֱû뵽˾ȻʮǰѾ޼Ҹˣѹ֣ҳֱ룬ֱɱ޼ҸءԭԵɡ
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۵˼ʱ֮󣬷Žƽ漴һеɫһɨ⣬ʣµģֻĿŭɫ
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á
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淺ɭȻɱĿ⾼ĿԵŻ֮⣡ŭš
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һ˿Ѫ֮ȻȻĸ˳˫һۣǶ֪ҹעһƽҹ


´˫뿪˷䣬׼ȥִʱ򡭡
޸֮ĻҰ֮ϣݣȴѾ˴˴
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޴ߵ֮ϣ޸֣ԵùӶ߲ȻѾ˺ܳһ¡
ǰߴģϤȴִżİǽݳĬš
ãݱ˫ۣ³һ
漴͵˫
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ૣļȻ䣬ᶶ䡭
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ţȥ

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ݿߵǴ֮ǰʱ򣬳ĴĻʱʱ˺˳
Į
޼ңݡ
ݣ
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ǸǿţĶӣμ۵ĵϵ嵱Ϊķϲүǰ޼ҵܹܡɲзϣ׷Ϊ޼ҵţ
ɣǡǣӦѾүԸɱô
Ȼݵʱ⻤ȷˣݣ
ԭֻȥڡáǰǱһѪͷڳġ֮һݣǣ


190 ư
ЩĴסֻƽĿһ֮󣬱㾶ԳŴ֮ڿȥ
ݱ޼֮ˣ޼ңȻûе
˵֮ĶԹ޼˾Զ֪Σ޼ҵڶϵҲǵϵǿ˭ݣ
Ҫ֪ǰλǰոսλȨصɲзϣǴѵĴڣȥ鷳ȵԼɡ
ſڵļﳤȥб˸
û뵽ݾȻûУϢøү
ΧĻƬ֮˺üӰ

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ϢˣһѿڶĻ֮УԶһ˿㵡
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ǵڶ仰һ֮У֮ģ㲻Ǿ㵣Ǿ
޼ңвʶݵô֮ӣķϲ񡭡㣬ѾݳΪˡǰڡϼֳ֮һֱδ¶ʵɹý롰ڵʸ񡣴һѾ˵֮ڡ֮ϣһȳΪ޼˿е̸ʣ
ǰΪԼܹС澱ɱɲзϣݸֱɱĸۡҲУ֮ܵ׷ɱգűԻɱʮɽ֮Уʬ޴桭
˵һݵͷѾ쳹޼ң
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˵ͷԶ˵һ죬һЩ֮ˣԶǵһ
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ݻˡϢ֮еĵͷҲΨһһÿ϶ͷ
Ȼţˣǳһ㼯ȥ
ԭܼ򵥣˹Ĵ֮ص޼ңô̬Ѿȫıˡ鷳ģ
Եĸۡ

˵ʲôݶˣ
ϢʱԭŭݣʱһƬ𾪣ȻվΡ
ǰһ˵ǵģүˡӴ֮
۵ɴ۾֮һ˻֣֪ˣȥɡ
͵ۿһۣ΢˳˷䡣
۵֮ϣֳ˼ӵɫ֮󣬴һ˿ɬ
һܺԼõүүɣ
Ȼ˫֪ݻŵϢ֪ԵμᣬײƵġǰʱԥãҪ˫ϵݣҪԷһ桭ȻһµʱȥԷȴǰϢҲδء
۲֪һµʱ䣬ݶ뿪춼ǣȥ˻ɽҰ֮ͻ졣ΪԷĻ٣Ը
ʡԼݻһλãҲһԸүү
۵ݸ࡭֮󡭡
ˡˡ
̾һȥ

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ݣ
ͬʱڸոջصۡϢ
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Ȼ㲻㡭ҺãԲȥֻ´ڻȴҪ𼫴ɧ
ˣſȥ

Ŷݻˣ
һ֮ۡСԺʯƷǧĵŮһµĻ˽ĸǰ
ӶԷе֪ݹϢʱٵǰĲ豭΢һ١漴΢Ƭ֮ȴҡͷһЦȻһСѡҲͻˣα˴С֣
΢٣΢΢ֵȥɡ
»һ㶣漴ҵȥ
ҲȥɡһΣȴǵĮĶߵŮ˵ġ
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Ժ֮Уֻʣһˡ
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ܹܡ
ޱƵġ߸ڣһŵ̱ҩζķ֮⡣ޱŮ첽ߵ˷֮⡣һ漴̽׶滽
װļΪţ֮ϣһðɴס˫ĿϸڴϡϸȻѾʧȥ˫ĿɫȥΪȻ񲻴
ϸ˵Ĵ֮ߣȴһºñӡۿտյȻѾ۶ϡỽŤͷ֮ʱŷ֡һڲĿȥȻӺڲ֮¶˺ۣȴǿԿˣҲʧȥһֻ۾ġ
ݵĹܼҡ
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΢һ£漴ϸĵϸñ죬߳˷ţĸǰɻĿѯʡ
һ˵̽׿һ۷У漴˵תߵԺ
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ʣĿ֮¶һ˿âһлϢΪܣ򲻿÷
˵ͷá
²ڳɣֱӱ뿪ˡ߸󡱣ȥ

һʱ䣬ΪݵĻع飬⿴ƽ޼ңʱӿ
˴ݻع̬ϱ֪ǰԴ޼ҵ꣬λǱˣ
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ʮ꣬ȴ˰˲ڵ۶϶Է˫ȣ˶Է۾ҪѹԵſܰĵ
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ݲǰ׳գҪٶȡ裡
ԣֻһԭܹ͵ͨҪ𣬲ңѾӵ˱ʵ
뷨һ˵Ժ֮У˱ʶѡ˲šȻٽһһ֮ȴǷֻ֡һԵɲŽ͵ͨ
֪ԲŹԼʱΪʲôѡ񷵻أҪһγԵȺȻһǱӴܣ
ۡû˻ΪݻͶˡ
һǮݴˣ֮ȻȻʱ˶Ѿ۵УݣǲҪġʶ׷ɱϣڿʱ򡭡үүǲδͷԡʣһүүʲôɻͶıӻ
˶ǵһгĲš
Եʵ޼˲֪ͣڵʮ۷ĳ̶ȣѾʮˡѾһԼġ⡱
˵޼ҡ족µĵһ֣Ҳûκ˿Էԡ
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֪û֪һУֻǴҵĲ²ѡ
ԣĺɻ󡭡õݹϢ޼ˣûʴ֮ϣԶԶĿŵķ򡭡ǵҪݣǻʲôˣ
ǳϵͶֻۣ룬ȴ𾪵ġ

ݿϤİĴ֮ϣĿ⵭Į
߲ʱūŮйҲͶԼֶɻɫ
ŵģȻǶʦķΣȻūŮɻ
ȴû˻ѯʲôϾ޼ңֻ޼ҵūͶѡʲôˣЩūͿԶµģ
˵ʲôĴ治ߵĻɣȻǲܲġʲô߸˴󵨣뵽춼ҵڸ˴ҡڣܻ˵۹⣿
ݴӴ˴ȥ֮мū͵Уȴ¶ɻɫ
ˡү
һūͿݵıӰɻ˵
үĸү
һūͺʵ
ݡ
ݣ˵ǰסһģǸĶӣūһ㶣漴ȴǹЦôܣϢ̫ͨ˰ɣǰү׿˵ǸѾɱˡѲɴүĻǴ󻰣
һū΢һ㶣£ȻҲŵġ
Ȼɻ漴ҡͷЦЦǰȴȻŶԷıӰĺϤ
ˣ˼ǲݣûʲôϵɣʵʵĸɺýĻƱȽʵڡҿɲ밤ӡ
ߣһūȻੲݵ˵š˼ԼĹλϼȥ
ūͣûжϢʱġ

ڣ޼ҵ
ľɢŲľ֮ķ¥󣬾ɫ
ݲδȥԺߡ߸󡱡ֻΪĿȷǾԡ
ͻȻԶ޼ҵһЩϵݵʱһ֮ϣҲ̲ס¶֮ɫ
Ȼˣ
ԼġԺ˴̵ġ߸󡱶ѾǹˡȻڣݣȻ
Ŀ꣬˵
ڶ𾪣üǼڽĿ֮УݵĿֻ΢ɨһۣ漴ȴδ˿ĲһһļԵԺȥ
ȥ
߹һЩ޼֮ˣʱ׺ȥ

ʱһûʵĸۡݵǰݵǺĸڶ޼֮ˡ
֮ۡǰʮµġ˴֮ϣ֮˵ݵĵ֮۾ʱӹһ˿â漴ǰĮĿڵүͳ롭үүǣͣڴ˴
ͳ죬ָԡ
޼ҹװһǡǵͳ죬޼ߣ֡⡰ִߣԡ
ǵݵ˽ʥõ·ϣЩˡǣ޼ľӢǵ㵹ߡִߣȴǵ֪֮ġֻ֪ǳϻ֮еһˡ
ݣھ˲Զĵطͣ˽ŲĻһ֮Ŀ⣬Ǻ˵ϡ
ȻѾ֪ݵϢˡ
Ҳ֪ѰѾ׼ˡ
ӣҲǿݰ
ǰݱѾﵽ˵ڰ˲ϵĳ̶ȣǱɱĶӡȻΪεԵѾˣҲɼӲ¹ȥˣȻһĪǣȻѾӵɶԸԵǿʵ
̫ܰɣȻȷ𾪣Ͼʮ갡ʮ꣬ʮ۷壿ڿЦôҡҡͷ¶š
ΪҪ
⡭˭֪ԣµʱոãͲ֪Ҫһسɣ΢һ£漴ȴǲ²
Ȼ˶ҡҡͷȻԷվסŵġֲǰ׳գûʮİգ׵ĻĿȷֱԵľ֮
ˣ׷׵Ŀ⣬ȴǿС
ھŲڡʵǲ
Ǻһ֮󣬶ʱǽԷʵһͨ͸
Ѿǿߣ֪ѾȫݡȻҲĲЩˡһۿһǿߵĵȼɼ򵥵ġ
Ȼһ֮£Ǻ˵ͷȴ͵һһɾʱ֮ϣ
ֻΪǵһۣȻһɱȫͨ͸˵Ĺ֮Уָоֻλϵʱ򣬷ųֹİ⣬⣡
ף༸ǻ
ãֻɨһ֮󣬱ջĿ⣬Ȼ̧ͷ濴ȥ
Ƭ֮ݳ³һֱӳŴ֮ȥ
ЩյȻһȴ¶˼ɫһۡ
ƾСӣҪͳ鷳ߣ֪ν
ûκˣݡǿݴУɱ죡
˵Ŀ֮Уݣ߽ûʵĸۡ


191 ֮ս
ߵ֮ۡǰȴͣĿ⣬ڿȥ
˵֮ͣµΣҲͣһ֣һ¶˼ɻ󡣶ǲڴʱͣ¡
ݾķߣԼĪаҵľ롣׷Χ֮ڣһƬտĿյء
۹ڴ֮ɨ˼֮ͻ¶һ˿ЦȻ漴ȴתԭ·˻
ȴõ˶һ£ȫԡݱ׼븮ۡˣá
ɻ֮Уߵʮ׾λãȴͻͣȻתȥֱԵĸۡ
۹֮еɻ󣬽һ
Ȼ޼˷׷װ²Ŀ֮ʱݣȴͻȻһ
ԣˣ
䣡
һףȻըԴʯԪӳ֣һֱõǰĿȻγһһ㣬ȻǰȥҲ֪ǲǴ·أһ˲䣬һһ㣡
֮⣬ԭɻݵˣȴǱͻԴʯĿȣĶ͵һ顣
ʵģǰֱһڣԴһѣҪεʵǿģҲæס˶䡣һĿ⣬ˢˢݣ
⡭⡭ݣ⣬⣡
ʱһҲ˵ˡ
һֱųĬߵԵĸ֮ۡЩǺ˵ݶǱƽ̬
ȻշȥȻһ֣
ʲôˣ޼ҵڶĴ߰޼λȨأҲ׶СȻݣʧ£һֱΪѾȥ˵СȻҵ˶˵棬Եĸۡﺰôһɤӣ
죡ǵ죡
ȻݵĵɫͬʱȴʵҲǴĵһ˿־壡
ֻһϺȣȻһͷĿѣĴ⣬Ҫεǿʵĵ
ȻԷŶ󣿲ʮ갡һʮ꣬ʮ꣬ȻѾӵôǿʵ
˶˵Ŀ⣬ĿŻָƽһԼĿͦꡭ
䣡
ݵȻڻصţȻļȻ֮䣬һը죬ȴǺȻԵͥԺ֮д˳ţ䡱һ֮УһɫӰȴǿ˳
ȻھʮҵĵطɫӰļȻֹ
ɢȥһΣȴ˵ء
ߴ࣬Ż£ЯһŭϢݳŭ˭
˵Ŀ⣬৵һ£ǿԡ
ŭ̬֮Уѿԣŭˣ
˸űɱݡ
һ˫۾ȫŭڣҲǵĳǸҲǲ¶ȱ飬һϺȵ
֮ǰյݴӴ֮صϢȷ쳣Ȼ漴ŭ
ҲǺ޵˼£ʮ쳽޺˽һݵУһˣ˵һҪΪѹ
һֱΪѾȥʶеǹɳҲɢȥȻ֪Էǵû񻹴󷽷Ĵ֮ˣ
Եŭ֪
ȻϾҲǲŭ֮󣬱ᵽݴŶԵʲôս
Ծ㹻ŭˣڵȴ֮Уݵһȫļŭˣ
ԡͳǰһĻ
ԣһЦȻ漴ȴ΢һ
ԣȻҲѾͻˡ֮
ݵ֪׵ĲߵĹ㼶Ȼ֪һɨ֮£ȴǷԼ޷͸Է
ͷֻһݱ֪ԷҲѾﵽ֮ˡ
⵹Щ鷳ˡݵüͷ΢
Իʮ۷壬ôҪɱɼ򵥡ԷҲѾﵽ֮ȴЩˡ
Ͳ֪ʲôʱģʲôѧݵüͷٶ
޼ҵ̿ǲԷѾһʱˣôѧʲôѧǿɾЩˡ
ѧϰ󱯷֮Ѿѧжǿˡ
û뵽ǵûңͻƵ֮
üʱҧȴͻȻ
ȣ֮
ʲʲô֮ܰɣ
׿˵İȻ˵ݴﵽ֮⣬⡭ʮ갡
ʮǿߣġ
ԵȻ󣬵ΧһСһʱһһȫݵУǷ·Ǽ˹
ʮ겻ǿߣĸᣬҲԶû
ˣȫˡ
ɫ΢ָƽΧĳֲδİɫ
Ŀ⿴ԡǡò׽֮һ𾪡Ȼ漴һ˿𾪣⡭Լһ˿ɱ
и˴ˡ漴Įػص
޷͸Եʵ֪Էͻ졣ȻҲһ
ߣݵĮģԶʱŭͷһۿݵ˵ǻˣ
ݵǴ󷽣˵ͷҷһǽġȻҲͻ֮Щȡ
΢һ٣ݵ˵ɱһǻɱ㡣
ϷԻʮ꣬Ȼǰ˵㻹ͷһһѣһأϷҪ㣬Ѫ仰Եŭ⣬Ҳ޷ѹŭЦһƣʱڶһɰɫԪʱ˸
۴ƣҲ۾аԽ䱸ɫԪҲǴϣ
ۣҲȲ㣡
һ仰£˫֣ļȻһɫâֶ֮ʣȻ󣬻һɫӳֱӳݵͷն£
ų֮ʣط·Ҳ΢һ¡һѹʱѹݵͷ
ݵɫʱ΢һ䣬˼һΣֻ𡣾޵Ȼڵλ֮ϣһ֣ʱȻѣ˷ɢȥ
ˣ
Զ֮޼ˣû뵽˾Ȼû˵仰ֱӿƾȻ˵̶ֳȡ
˲Ͼһɫ䣬ʱǳԶٵķɢ
ǿߵսǿԵģ
ݵĵ粽ԵĵһԼô״ɫҲ΢һЩѿ
û뵽С²ʵͻͽͻ죬ԽĪǣǾ֮ϣõʲôɣ
ͻȻһȻڶ̶̲ʱھŲڵĳ̶ȣֱӿһ㼶ڻͻһһ뵱Ǿ֮飬жʱ²
û˱ԸͻһһˡŶԷԼʵȫȫԼͻƵġ
ȻţԵȴǺͣЪһնڵصδ£Ѿһת˫ֱбն˳ȥ
΢һһɫӾ޵ٶն
ǿһĵطޱζʱ¶˳Ȼ漴ٶȻζֱʧ
ɫӾ޵ٶȴλ÷˳ȥһΣȴֱնԸۡĴ֮ϡֻúȻһ죬ɫӾ޵֮ʱѿһʮ״Ŀӣֱӷ˽ȥ
βͣɫӾ޵ٶֶ
ɫſһĵطնȥݵΣٶ֡
ȻһΣݵ֮ȴٴܣҪһ޵ˡ
ڰɫӾ޵ն֮ʣоâɽͬʱһգһɫʱǳݵСӭŰɫӾ޵ʱնȥ
䣡
춯صıը֮Լһɾǿ֮ʱѭ͵ӿɫ΢һ䣬ǿ֪ʱо֮УһԵµĹŹУ
ǹɾûʲôǹɹŹֵ֮ȴЩ죬ȴǲҵ
ڱըͬʱζʱһ
粽ٶȹȻǳȻǹɾѭٶȺܿ죬Ȼȵ粽ࡣݣ׵ĶǹɾŹֵ
ԣʱɫѾȫ֮ʮңԶδȹ̣ȻҲûʱȥеѧˡ
ʹõģȻǡнӰ
ֻڴ˵֮ϳʮ꣬Դ˵һ˿⡣족⵶ȻҲһ˿֮ȴȡ


192 ԣܣ
ѧǣصݵٶȼ죬Ҳѧͬط򣬶ұԪ뾫ҪΪ񡭡Ȼ޷ô׵Ķܿȥġ
뵽˴Ըǰ԰ûڡҪѧĻﻹֵõţ
Сֻô𣿡̲סŭ˳
ŭ֮أݵΣԵĲԶ֮
Ҫҳ֣
ݵ۾΢Ѿ֪Եʵ
áԸ
ЦһݵΣʱһζʧԵ֮С
Ȼ֮̽еģ۾֪ݵٶȻѾ쵽۲׽ĳ̶ȣȻӵ֪ǰȴҲ̫ʹˡҲ֮ǰԶ׼ȷյλõԭ
ߣ
һɫ޵ٶ͵һת漴һԲιȦȴͻȻ֣漴ȻŶȥ
ԵġԪ۶ɡʵ壬ʵȴʵ塣
еġнӰصǡ⡱嵹ΡֻһϣܷӳǿһЩѡ
һȦɢİɫâҲͬǵâ
ȻʱȴѾࡣΪޱһָһʱһָоâһǹȦâһ˲䣬ͻȻθߣ漴ȴ͵ıû
ļȻһŨԵͷ֮ϣݵΣһ˲䣬Ʈ֮
Լ״ʱɫһ䡣һУͻȻ˵Ǿ֮ϣݼޱƺ֮ʱҲǳһƬƣ˲ƶʮ׵ľ롭ֻյƼΪ֮Ƚȴͬնˡ
ѵСȻĿԼͻƵ֮ʲô
ɫʱѿУһ˿㵣ʱ˳
ܣҲͰˣѵĶӣϷҲǱȽϲˣȻƬ֮Է·ܵʲô̼һ㡣Уʱ¶˵Ǿֹ֮ķ֮ɫļȻ֮䣬ɫâȻ˳
ѣԣѾ켶ǿߣ񶼱һɽƫִķݣû˿ڵı˳
䣡
ɫԪ֮Ȼ񱩣ֻúȻһ죬ʮĸۡţ˲䱻ǿݻ٣̮£
ˣ
սеˣһɫҲȻ䡭ǾȻѾףȻͻȻȻȻѾɢʱҵ׷׳źɢȥ
Ȼһ࣬ȴѾҪǵţ
̫ˣ⣬ǿ𣿣
˽սǿγһһѹݺݵѹΧڵͷǼһУ¶ľη뾪
ǿߡľ磡ǿ̶ȣѾ˳˵
ֻǰɫâ˸֮䣬ټĸۡűʹ˻һƬ棬ԿһЩ
ɶ֮
ļȻ䣬ɤƮƮ
⡰֮ʥһ¥õĽֻеһ㣬һ㣬ȴʲôѧֻôһᣬϵһ֮ı׼ζѡ
ʵϣס꽣һ׵͵Ƚ׵ġ칦ֻǵһ㣬ȴǺ߱ͿСڶ֮󣬷ŻֳɫʶһؼҲͷʥһ¥
ڽ֮ȴԼĴ˵ڶһ˿⾳д󱯷Ƶʱ򣬴ͨȴáɶ֮Ҳ˲١
ֻڵλãһƬƮ죬һһ㣬Եͷ֮ϣ漴һɫԪâױȵĴ͸缱һĿ£
䣡
ը֮һƵƵը죬ıɫԪ֮ϵĳĻȫȥ
ԼƣҲȻԱ֮ȴ˿ҵϰɫâȻ·ȫǶһҫ۰һ㣬ȫһˣ漴״չΡ
ԵȻǱȲݵľ٣ȻٶȴҲǾԲֻλһâſյ֮ʱȥƺҪԪû뵷Χ
Ȼ˼򵥱ͶߣֻƮκȻһɫâԳԻ㼯ȥζܣȻݵʼղң٣Ȼȴͬƹ֮һ㣬Ĳߣ˿Ŀܣ
һɫԪݺݵײԵϣȻϵİɫԪҲײ֮£ȴֻǷһɫâڵĹȦ޷ͻİɫâ
ȻȻǿĴ͸֮ȴֻõԻۣݸԽĲ԰
ۼԶʱòԣ˫һʱǳΧն
ݵٶ̫죬޷׽Էڣʱ䣬һɫԪ۵Ĺâ̼䣬ΪԲģĳ˷ɨ
ɫ밵ɫâӳȻһ޵뵣Ȼȴ˿ûн뵴ɢļ󡣷Ǳɫâȴʱʱ̶̿ʵʵĻԵϣ̲סŭ
ȻǰһĻѾԶԶݿˣȴԶȻŴ͡
ޣԡѹŴ򣿡
ǲΪΪʲô
̫̫ˡ
˵°ͷ·Ѿȫβ£һ͵ĿԶһĻԪõκҲԽ׳ذ벽
޼ҵĸԶ֮˫սıը֮˸Χߡڣǵ޼ҵϵּҵˡһЩԴһЩūͣŮҲԶȻΧ˹Ȼô˿̣ȴûκ˻ע⵽ǡ˵񣬶Ѿһǿߡļսȥ
ԣ޼ִʮȨλȨ֮ˡݣ޼ķϲ񡭡һʮ꣬һʮꡭ
Ȼսȴκһַ˼ĸоֽ߸Եĳõ˵Ĵԣʱʧȥ˼
սȻڳš
ʱƣϵİɫâѾԽȻɫԽԽ԰ףһ˫֮У¶˾ŭӵɫ
һֱڣͷһֲʵĸоݻص޸ٵֱ֮ۡǰһ䡰ԣݻˣһֱսȴǱԷĿסһֻеĸо
һɣڼǰԼлֻһĴڣڼ֮ȴӵ㹻ɱԼֽɫת˭ܹܣ
ȻٲʵٸоСڣһٽвȴ˵Уͷֵһƹ֮һһ㣬ݺݵѹԵͷ֮ϣ
һɫԪ۵ĽâݺݵײϡȻСͭ塱ȻʱƣԼһҪά֡ͭ塱һҪɱԷԪϾҲ޵ġȻѾʼĵĸо
ѵҪСϣ

Եݶʱ÷ŤһɼȲ뼸Ŀɱ⣬ʱ˫֮¶˳
䣡
ļȻԵһ˲ͻȻ˼£һ˲䣬֮ϵ̫ҲǱϵİɫâȥ
һɿͰԵϢһ˲䣬ϯأ
һֱ沿֮ϣʱ¶һ˿ɫûκεͣɿֵ֮һ˲䣬ΣѾļȻ֣
粽
ʧһ޴ıը֮Ȼը죬Ļʱȫ֣
ۣ
ҵĳױȵٶ˲˿ȥ֮Χˣһ˿ӦĻᶼûУȻ壡
ʱѪֱ֮սǰŵʮˣǡˣ
壬Щ˸ַӦʱҲûУΣʱǱǸ޷ǿײĵ˳ȥѪ
Ȼˣں󣬱һΧڣҲδӦ֮ʣǱǰŵĺɵײ˳ȥѪ

ֻǶ̶̲һϢʱ䡭սģԶΧڣȫѪɣأ
ʵǿһЩģ¶ɫؿڵĿĻɵĳС
ȻʵһЩġ
Ǿһ˽ܵĺʵߵͣȫزȫȥѪһĴǿڱ֮¶˵ϡ
һԣӽźһ˲䣬ϯԣ
˶ˡ죬죿׵ľನ
һɴĵĶ񺮣ƵĽЩȫ
״ҵĵùߡԴˣǷ֪ǰսһ㡭ġսѪȶпġ֮ս

𣬳֮еĳĻɢ˿ȥ¶Ρ
֮ܵЩΧҲڽȥˣһܵ˸ԶĵطԶԶͶӹȥȻѾѪĽѵˣ֮սѹסԼͷĽ뼤ۿ
֮Уԭ޼ľԭƽĿյأԭߴׯϵĸۡš񣬶ѾһƬ棡
׵ķΧ֮ڣһ䵽µĿӶ˴󲿷ֵĵ档һݺύ֣һĳšԵĸۡţŴǽڣѾһƬ棬¶˴ôڵͥԺ
ĶվĵطԴ˴ΪԲģѾݺݵҿʮ׵ľ޴ӶΧĵ棬㰼ȥ׵ĵط
˿峡µʱһˢˢĵһɫɷס
ǿߵĹȻ˹

ԣĵվԭءһֱͦѾȥ·ʱܻᵽס˫Ŀ죬Ѫ˿ѾۿϵѾƬƬ飬ʣó㡣ʮ˺ۣȫѪ˳˿ڻˣѾȫıһѪˣ
Ȼˣһ˫۾ȻĶǰҵĿյ֮ϵݣģȻһ˫۾ȴĺķ˴ʱﻹаƽʱĴݳ֮ɫκ˴֮У׵ĶһǾǡ
һУԶԶ֮ǰеʽˣҲܵ˲˲һǿᡣ
ҲȻ˵һǧ˰ٵʽ󣬵˺ȴǸĽһ;ƿݵľء
ҵĵطݣҲؿڣǣһ죡
ͷֱԵ֮Уâ˸š
գղǼʱʹ˵粽ȡԪȫʱ䣬ټұǿҲȷǲĻһУֻˣ
ݵУ¶һ˿Ȼ
Ҫ֪ݵ壬Ǳơģ
񡰺ơ֮־ɡ֮ĸ죬ơĹЧƺͿпˡ
ȻʵϲˡֻΪ֮ģ󲿷ֶǽԼġȻơЧ֮ȴݵĹ裬ÿһ缡ܵ˼ǿ
ԣǿȣڡǿߡ֮УҲǼΪǿģԵ壬ԶԶ֮ϵġ
ʶһȻˣǽ粽ͻԶ˱㡣Ȼʹõ粽Ĺ֮У֮ǰ󲿷ֵԪȫǰټǿȣ˲ٵ˺
ԣһУˣȴҲֻ˶ѡԱԶԣȴҪǿĶˡ
˼ɫԪתһ֮һԶԣһ˿Ц
˵ҽ죬Ҫɱ㡭
˵꣬ݱٲ˿ĳɣζʱһΣɫԪʱӿ֮ϡ
һɫ޵ʱϣԣϮȥ
ڵ״̬վţĶֻǶݵһݺޣԼеһɽƫִķ֧ŵġ˵ݣһǿ߶׵Ľɱ
Ȼڣ˵۾ʱǵԲף
һʣƵĴǵͷӿ˳ݣġɱԣ
Ҫ֪ݵĳԹȻǴ󲿷ֵ˶֪ǡǺ󱲣ԣȴǳϵĴ󲮣
·ϣһֱұȽϼɻ顭Ȼµ˲٣ֻǰѡţ۵ǰʱȻҪֳ̬ȡ⣬ҵĹأ
Ƿŵ½ϵĵԴĻǵҪɱݣڻҪɱɱҲٹˡϾֻܲ׼ɱˣ˼ɱ԰ɣ
ǡݣ޼ҵˣһǵϵ
ԣͨĵڶ޼һļ


193 飬
ҪɱȻԡԲĿ֮ȥΪѵͣһ޼£үү޷ڻҪ׷ɱ
ֻΪԵݡѾݹȵ޼һ̳ߣ
ɱ̳ζŵģǡ
壡
壡֮УصǺݣʵֻҪ廹һڣͱҪɱ򣬼ϣʱҪȻ޴棡
ڵݣǴ㽫ԻɱȻӴµӱ޼һһֹ׷ɱ
ͷ֮У˵Ŀ⣬ԲԲĵ˳С
ݣ·ɫԪâѾԵĸǰʮ׵ĵط
ɫ޵߾ٶݵɱһӶ
ɣ
о޵ʱҪ£
Сң
Ȼݵľ޵µһ˲䣬һŭȴļȻ
ֻá䡱һ죬һâȺ󷽣ޱѹݷ˶ȥ
֮ʱȻһ˲䣬ֻоļȻ֮һţΧĿ·һ˲仯ʵ֮һ㣬ȥƣʱһ
һǵصƣ̼䣬ѹݵͷ
ɫʱһ䣬˲жϳԼҪɱԵĻôһ룬ͽǿֱӻɱ
ϣݲ˼ķ˻ɱԵ뷨˫ɿɫ޵ֵ˲ǻâʧ֮䡣
ڱԪ۵ľ޵ʧͬʱ͵Ԫ֮ŨıɫԪһ㣬̼ǽȫǡ˫һţһݳɹǿռȫһ˲䣬˶ȥ
ǣΣδɨҧз侲ĹâԪ䣬˫Ѹٵǰҵı
һ˿ɫԪ۵˿ߣڶ̶̲Ϣʱǽ˫ȫĲƣ漴ӡɹ
٣
ޱ飬ȳڡͬʱüһȣһɫߣʱѭ˫ֵӡ֮УʱӡԪ໥ϣ
·ضļȻһţݵϣ˲һ⡣һɺȻ֮ʱݵ
ݵȫâڵһ˲䣬ǹһĺâǵһ㣬ӣ˽ȥߵ¶ȣһ˲䣬Ȼŷ

˵ʵֻڵʯ֮䣬һбѾֱʱΧΧǣŻع
ȻţͻȻŷĳ¶ȣȴ˶Ƿһæ׷׵ĺ˶ȥ
֮֮ľֻ˲Ѿ˷ɻңԶԵĸۡ˲һƬ𺣡
׿⣬ͻĳ£ȻòʵӦһЩ֮ϣʱ˴ˮݡ
׿˸¡ĵ㣬±ŷ֮¶ȣ֪
˻æԶԶĶȥԴˣǾսģѾа˰ˡЩѾԽΧ¥ȥˡ
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зӦȽϿ죬ûܵɳ²ΧǣжǾɻš
ȥһɫӰȴĻ֮С
ߵ¶ȣõĵϵĿѾȫŤɫâ֮һ˿˿İɫе¶֮ߡ
ȻӰ·˿ûյⳬµӰһ㣬;վԭء
û˿ôȥġ·˲䣬ͳǶ
ڵλãݵĴ
ʮ׵ĵطѾ޷ֵĵ˵ϣҧأǷƫִĲʡҪȴǸ޷
һâɫӰϣɢϡȻ𺣣ȴȻû˿Ĳʡ
ʮ飡һ
ûôǿĻԡҲֻ
飬ԵĸסǼϵݱ˰
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ܻعģȻͬС˲䣬жϳˣԼݵĴ
ȻЩ֮УЩɵģЩһģһЩԣһġǰεĸй٣ȻҲǸвͬ
ڵλãѾһȻںȻŷһɹѾ˽ɫĻ棬Ѿȫı
һ޴ĿӶڵλ֮¡棬ȻǽʯҲȼ
ߵ¶ȣõΧĿռ䣬Ť
ݳĿһڵĵط֮΢Ťͷ˵ϵԡ΢˸һ£Ƭ֮΢̾
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ȻǺȻıŤͷȻæųпȥȻһ֮£һԶǵһ
УɫĻ֮Уݣ¶Σ
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ʲô
˶ˣɴ۾Ź֮еݡʯڻĳ¶ȣȻǱֵĹڵס⡭
Ҳ΢һҲǰ𾪣ҵĻ棬ҲֱȻСӡʲôȻ˾ˣ
ȻҲδϳʹõĹ
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Ͻ⣬һ˲ʧ˸Ӱ١ͬʱǹҲɢ¶ȣ˲䴥壡
һҧϱɫԪʱȫ粽û˿ԥǳȥ
һϣݱ֪ԷԼ⾳򣬱ҪΡѧȻҲԶĸߵѧǰӿȡԼǶ֣
󱯷ƵġӡǷȻԴ󱯷ƵݵʵǲǶԷĶ֡ǿһѾˡȻٲ룬ֱԶݡ
Ȼݵʧһ˲䣬ȴͻȻһֻ֣оâʱȵ
֮䣬ļȻһ˸𡭡Ѿʮ׿ݵΣʱ˿У
ݵɫȻ䣬붼û룬ıɫԪٶȷı˿ǿռȫʱ򣬼䲻ݷ֮ʣ˳ȥ
Ȼһαȴǣݵƣʱϼˣݣ԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫ
ݣͼϮɱ޼һμ̳ߣóϵ壬㡮塯֮̣㻹־ܰɡ
˳ȥ¶һ˿ɫȻ漴ȴĮĿ˵ȻٶңңһգٶȺȵ
һز𡭡
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Ǽ
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¿кϷˡʮ֮ľ𣬿˿Բ񡭡
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üͷ΢һ壬Ȼ漴ȴϵĺâ΢ͷ
ɫ΢飬ȴǲδ˵
ȴƬ̲ۿڣüͷһֱƽȵ֮УҲ¶һ˿漴ֱӣĮĿڵʱ㽫ͼɱһμ̳ߵͽ¡ԷǼ棬󱲷ֱϵƲáӸĸ㶼ΨһĵףƺҲֻСˡ
˵˴ȴͣ˵Ŀ⵭Į֮͸¶ζĿۡ
⽫ŵļʹԶ޼ˣһһС漴ǳۿȥ
ͬʱҲǲ²ԵĿġ
ʡ飬ûۡ棬󱲵ӷȷҪֱϵĵִмҷġ
統ᣬִཻ˼ҷģֽۡԼӣ䵽ѪԨ֮Уʬ޴桭
꣬Ҳ˼۵ġȴǹʼʩ˰֪۵ѡǡ
һЩ֪ģϳ޼ˣݶʱһۡ
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ףǿмѺŵŮ˭
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֪̫ԶСǡ
Χǣһ΢һ㶣漴ͷһݣʱᵽ˼ֲѰζ
ǱΪЩ˵ĵΪԵ顣Ȼڿƺûǰ򵥡򣬡ΪλѺŮŮȻҪȻǽĸ˫ֵ
ѵʲô£
˵ͷ¶ɻ󡭡
վڸߴΧǿˣȻڳеۣ飬ݵˣȴֻ
ĽŲ֮ʱݵɫ΢һŤͷȥ΢Ӧһ֮ݵͻȻһ漴һ˿ЦٶŤͷȥĿ⿴鷽漴Ŀ΢һ֮еâ޵
ȻҲ˽Ų֮ԭɫʱ
һֱעɫƬ֮ͻȻһĮĿˡ
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仰ʵԵЩͷԡȻȴһʱ˼£漴ȴЦһΪͽΨһĵףԣ桭
ΪʲôȻ˵ȥ۴ĻĿֱֱĶ顣
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޼ҴΣ۲δĻش𣬶ǲѯһ
΢üƬ֮󿪿ڵ޼Ҽңǲҡ
ȻΪҪ޼ңٶȴĻ
ȻһΣɫȫȻƬ֮ȴ˵ۣҪӻӣҲһһЩĽڡ޼ҽֺһ޼ҵ£ңȴǺԵɣ
˵仰֮ȴǶʱһĿ⣬ֱӳǰȥ

Լ˫ִһȺյ֮ϵʱһɫԶ΢
ȻߵĴƺΪ֣ȻһȴԶ¶˼֮ɫû뵽ƻȻ̶ֳȣ
֮ϣݺύֲͬյأѾǱһƬ棬֮ϣڻл΢Ծš
Եĸۡžȼܴ𡭡Ȼֵؼʱ̣ȻûȥȻ𡭡
˫üͷ΢һŤͷСӳϵˮϵĶԱǻˡ
ǣСӳʱתִȥ
Ȼ۵ߡ
ǵĿ⣬ȳ󣬾վŵݿһۣȻ󣬵ǵĿɨԷϵʱȴǻһһж¶벻֮ɫ
ǾԶǿߣһ֮£Ȼǿݵʵ
һԲڴĿһ֮³һݵ¶˾֮̾ɫҡͷ̾Ӣ۳ꡭӢ۳갡
˵ţ֮ϵľ̾ȴǱһ˿ɬ
һе֮ʮ꣬ʮʱ䣿ȻǰꡭȻʮʱ򣬱Ѿﵽ̶ֳȣ⣬ⲻǴĴ̼
ЩϣһǿЦҡҡͷȻ󣬲һŤͷ鿴ȥ


194 
ɫѾһƬ࣬Ŀ֮У˿˿Ĺ󡭡
Ŀˣ˫ѺŵŮӡ
ŮӿȥԼĪʮҵӣһһ
ߵľһˮɫȹĸ΢
԰һЩģȴһӻɫȹ磬òΪ㡣
ȻʱŮӶݲ԰ףͷ棬ɫ·ովǳпĥˣǱڿС
ƣǰ֮ʱһֱήɫͻȻһ𣬽ţ˫۶ʱ¶˹ԭ壬Ȼǲ֪ʲôطͻȻ˼ҵĿ޺ʱеүүүүңңءߺţʹĿ˳
ݣԽ
˶Ůʮϣϵðɣۿɫ飬ͻȻĿʵ
ͫһɫʱ޵
ŮˮɫȹΪԵĴŮ磬ӻɫȹģԵŮ塱Ȼ·ǱĥĲˣȻܲϵԼĵŮ
˼ٵţŮֳģ֮ʱУѾ˲ԤС۾ҲѾĬһۡ
ȻϾҲǲͷȴȻʲôɫֻɫ˼ֿڵŮȻʶʲô˼С֪ʲô£Ҫ˶Դ
㲻֪кһ˿
Ҹ֪õӭ۵Ŀ⣬Цʡ
΢΢üͷ漴¶һ˿ЦЦһ֮ȴҡҡͷ˵
飬ѾʱȰ㻹ǲҪڵģʹʹ˵ɡʡϷ㡣
ļȻһȴʱƹĿ⡭һԲְߣ۵˳
һˣݶʱһ
ϣԺ⣿ʵ
޼ҹʮλϣϼ15ˡ
Ϊش⣬һҲ޷ʱôϻͬͻۻ顣ʲôзʱ򣬱ͷӶ˵
ϻʼձ˫λټϼĻǡǵͲͬƱΡ
Ҫ볤ϻҪǡ޼ҵѪ
ѪָľǡϵԼּҡֱϵѪԵ˵֮޼˵Сū͵ĺˣԶܽ볤ϻġ
εǡﵽ졣
ֻǿߣгΪϵʸ񡣱ʮ۷ߣδͻƵʱ򣬶ǲʸΪϵġ
ʶϻͨҲǹ̶ġ
еʱڣڣʳ߶࣬ϻڻᳬʮϡ
ȻĳЩʱΣ˲ΪĻϻڲʮˡ
ʮǰս֮ǰ޼ҵĳʮˣȻҴս֮󣬵ڣֻʣʮˡ
ңл֮ʮͻƵ죬ż뵽ϻеġ飬ڴս֮󣬷ż뵽ϻеġ

߳ԲְߣǼϡѾһʮ࣬Ǵս֮ǰѾⳤϻ֮еԪϣ޼ľһʵɲ⡣
ԲԲı÷͵֮ϣȴǷһ˿ŭ⣬͸¶żֲŭζ
ôȻǲײĲ᣿ϷռȻվطȻгɣǲ㲻ϣұΪҲһߡһߣϵıǻ֮ж˳֮Уżֳŭļڽ벻м
΢Ȼ漴ȴһĵϣˡ˼
ãھ㶮Ϸһ֮ߵ漴΢΢˵ͷ
࣬˵ͷתĿ⣬Ůӿȥ漴Դӻͳһƺһҩ衣
ŮӵҪ֮ʱ֮ϵѪɫʱ˵һɶ۾׷׵ɴ󣬷·ǿ˿ֲ漴ļȻĸӷĺţүүңҰ
ȻŮʵȻǱס˸ġѺ֮£εȴû˿ЧȻصȴԽĴ
ŮĪԵŮ
Զһֱעųб䶯ΧǣŮļ֮һ㶣漴ͻȻ
⣬⡭
ŮΪϤˣ֮һ㶣漴ȴǵɴ۾ȫסˡЩŪôˡ
Եһǿ֮ĶսȻͻȻƾճǿƻ˲ԻɱݡִɱݣԷסʱƾɱݵΧڣǵ޼ҵļͻȻǳ֣˫ָǴš˴˴ȻǷ֣ѺŵŮӡȻԵŮ
⣬⾿ô£
˵Уڳɻˡ
һֱʲôµݣ˴ʱҲǻع۾ɨһ۾֮ͷֻһѾһЩƲ⡣һ˿ЦĿ⣬Ȼĳһطȥ漴˸·˼ʲôˡ
ݣȻѾһЩʲôˡ
˾֮УϣѾߵ·ѾҪŮӵĸǰ֮УδаֵͬסԷգ켷Ҫеҩȥ
һ£ѹŭͻըߵĶ΢һ٣һ֮ŤͷĿ顣
۵Ҳ΢һ£Ŀ顣
۾ɭȻ֮ɫ˵á鵤ԸСŮλδҲ̫ʧ˰ɣ
Ͽ飬Į˵ʵϣѾԹһˣһѾǵڶΡԣӦѾ֪ǸҪ֪飬Ѿֻ֪ԼԸϡ֮£ҲֻܽŮ죬˵ˡ
飬ʱĬȻһ˿ʣģ˸ȫģ֮ϣ
ΪĳһĿ꣬Ѿﻮ˰ʮꡣĶӳɹĳΪˡ޼һμ̳ߡһֻҪٹʮ꣬ƻͿԳɹɵĽ޼ҡ
ǡ
ؽҧĿ⳯ɨ˹ȥϣѾȫĻ˹ȥֻ΢ţȴȻ˵š
Ȳ״ԣԭŭģȴǱø


195 䣡
֪Īƽؿأľߴ֮硣ȻΪʱĳʵ϶˼ΪصĴˡڣЩŤ
ŤһӰһ֡ȴ֪
ƻΪԵĳɫԳɹȴΪԶ̬Ĺػһ񡭡ȻǲʣȻѾߵһܣʲô취أ
֮³һ˫ۡٶʱ۾Ѿָƽ
ӣѾ˵ʲô˰ɣһֱĮĿ飬ȱ֮󣬱ǵĮĿˡ
һ˿Ц漴һ˵ͷǰȷǣ˵ʲôˡ
䣡
˵һ仰֮ȴļȻ֮䷢ѡ
һɽɫԪϿӿֻ˲䣬γһǵصĻ棬żϿ˶ȥͬʱΣʱһ֮ϻȥԣΣһƺâ˲ʱ䣬Ѿӳ׵ľ룡

Ȼ۵˵ķӦҲѸ֮Եͬʱ۱Ѿ֡
˿ûǵض˵Ľɫ档ʹõʽ֮ǰʹõֻ΢죬һա
һزʱǳӿȥ
ƣ
Ȼʵ䲮٣õʽ鱾ͻᣬеȻҲ֮ǰ۱ƵʽȻҲܣ
šȭоâлһ䣬һز̼ǵ۵
ֱӱǿѧȴֻΣ΢һ¶ѡ
ȻۣҪģֻһ£
Ҫ֪ߣսĿɲֻһ˶ѡ
ǽɫϯʱ۵һʱ䷴ӦֱӶʹߵļϣӦҲ˿
ϵһһɱɫŨԪʱӦĶӿ塭ҲˮԵߣȻԪŨ봿̶ȣ֮ȴҪǿ˺üﲻֹԵðޱȡݲĿ
ֻ˫ָ£ڿѸٵĻָ֮ϴıɫԪʱͬɫīֽһ㣬ֹǰ˲䣬һӯŹŹָоĪӡǣʱƾոǰֻ˫۾âʱͬʱָһ㣡
һȦɫĹΣʱָ⵴漴أļȻһ

ͻȻǰǹŹֵӡ֮Уһ캧һˮȴƾӡ֮˳ӭŶԷɫĻ棬͵˹ȥ
˻
һˮ˻˻֮ŨһİɫʱǽɫƣҲʱһƬ֮󣬶ʱ΢ƣ
ˮͿ˻𡣶ϱʵԪ̶ȣǶ⾳ĸ򣬶ҪԶԶĳ顭ܲܣ
ֻж˵УʶδԼУԻȻȴδʲôӰ졣
۵һգȻܿƽһϸ΢ͣ١
Ҳ֮ͣ䣬༸ϵĹʱϮ
ͷףɫۣСߣ߳ϡ˸ŨɫԪֻоâһţʱһ塣
һȦɫȦʱµȻţֻážһҵ춯֮һԿĲ˼ٶȿѶֻ֣һ˲䣬ǳĽӶȥ
ֻġ䡱һ죬·Բʮɵĵ棬ʱ̮һʮǳİݣʱ֣
ĿɿڴһĻСΣȴŪƾĶӾУõһԵݣһĿɿڴ
ߵģȴһݵߣҲ֮ǰҪŮιҩһ޼ҵİ˳ϣ
߳ϣȻȴΪȥͬһͣ·һƮһ㡣
ݿ˸ɫâʱȴǲΪ֮һ˵ԣȻǼΪķеķԣ
Ȼһζ΢֮󣬱Ѿڰǰ֮ʱݵһһ˿ɵʱȻ֡
ֻһ˲ѣ˳ϵ֮죬ڱݵĵ粽Ҫϼ֣
漴˫ָָ죬оâһƺ˼ʲôʱһɫԪָⱬزʱ漴һ޴ҵķ֮󣬽飬У͵ķУɢ䣬żмɳ֮⣬֮һնӡʱ֣
İȴΪ˶һϡҲ֮ǰ׼ιҩһߣ޼ҵĵʮһϣ˸Ĺâȴɫ
ֻ˫Ŀ΢գŨɫԪȫļȻ͵һȫɫԪһ˲һȭͷСĹ㣬漴ǰ

һȣǹӦֻġ顱һ죬ȥȻȴڿиֳһžӨ͸µ硰ӡһɫ塣
漴âһָ͵һѹֱָ棬ȵȥ
ৡֻǾӨ͸ɫӡʱ棬£ȴǲ֪ʲôط
Ƭ֮󡭡䡱
棬͵һһ׳³̵ɫļȻµĵ棬̶֮ͣ˲䣬䳤ȣѾ˰ף鶯β
ϣ߳ϣ˳ϣʮһԼ۹֮⡣һϣʮϡ
ҲʮǰμҴս֮¼볤ϻˡƽأĹϵǲ
Ȼ壬Ҳԥ֮ȻϾ޼ҵˣȻ֪ʱվʲôλá
Ը飬飬ȴҲġ
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ħƼּؿʼѾ֡ǿǿߵĻ㼯֮һ棬һͷޣСҷͲֻ̫࣬Χת
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ȴ˫ԼһɡԼλŮ塣
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طȻҪһʺŵġ
ɣԽȴǲ׵աϾһ񣬶ԷĻܻһλõĻǶʱҪʮλǿΧ԰ټƵĺߵĹ
ȻԸġ
ԣСĵڰûΧ޼ҵȺ֮Сʱ̣ǲܻʱȺ֮зġ
ѣһض
Ⱥ֮Уٶ죬ӵе粽ݣȴȻǲһءԣûݵ׷١
֮Уݵ˫ѾɡʨӡҲǴ󱯷֮Уѧϰһơӡ
ڻҰ֮УһƵܱѾֳΧԿܲ硰ɶ֮ȻܶԣҪǰߡ
⣬Ҳյļѧ֮УΨһԸлὫ˾ɱѧ
ȻݱǰĶ侲ĵȴҪȴġһᡭȫһ̣һѵľɱᡭ
ڣûȴ̫ʱ䡣ʮ־ƵûԶ֮ǳˣ
Ѿǿ֮ĩҪǿߣеȻǲԣֻܱһ˿
ɹˡɹ֮ڿǿ׷ԼȻƵĻһĸоʱҲҪľѵľɱ֮
ԣ־תһ˲䣬ݵϣ粽һѾϢ֮ͷоâһ֮еԪеӡټϾϣʱط
һ󲨶֮һ޴ޱȵĽɫӡԿУȻ£
ӡ֮ݱǸоһĪȻǽǿǣס
һ˿ǻȫʢʱڣֻҪ΢һ𣬱롣ȻѾǿ֮ĩѣ
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һ޴ޱȵӡӶȻ˵أĻ

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֮䣬ֻ֮ǰһ춯صĲҺһݼš
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ա졭ݣ˵֮ϡ
ΧһĻ޼ҵӣһԶǵһĿ⾼ĿݡУо̾кȻãȻͬҲиӡ
еĿ⣬˳ǵɫӰϣ
һǰ޼ķϲǰΪ޼ҵӿ޼ҵǿ֮ˡȻڡѾΪ޼ҽǰǿߣ
ʮǿߣĪ˵һСС޼ңǷ󻪹½ͬҲΪƵһˣ
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·𿴵ʮǰĸ硭
ĸᣬʮǰͬҲ޼ΪڵͬİͬһȻ
˫ϡѪԨ֮ϣһֱ춼ҵ۷ǿߣͬҲΡȻ壬ȻЦӰᣬ֮յݣΪţԵ
˫Ϊ飡ʵϣͬҲţ
ǣΣǲţ޼ҵţƼҵţμҵҲţ
˶ŵʱ򣬼һԣҲʵ
˫ϡǵã۱ƺ֣ӵ㹻ǿԽֱӻɱȴֻ֮¶˲Ȼһ˿ЦݣЦ֮дֿɬʹᣬԼһֲȻһƣݺݵĴ֮ϣµͬʱҲ۵ģ
˲֪˫ȴ۶ݴСͲܲˣʵΪϲݡʵϣΪ޷ݰϧĳӣݵĸףɱ䣬ԵνסһȻ𾴵ľпȻĸֶ˵ȴʹõôʱ޿̲ڵյʹ֮С
ʵǰ֪ݱɱʱʱҪ
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֣Ϳ֪۵һԡȻΪ޼ңίԼٴΣǿѹŭٴΣЩӵĹע˭룿
ȻһΪ޼һҵģԼеƢԶȫѹˣڣȻ˹ԡȱӹ˭Ϊƽһη˵һλ
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ȴһЦѾȥˡԵЩһֱεĿУ϶ЩʩССġֻв˶Ҫ𡭡
˵ҡͷЦЦļһȻҲֻСֶѡɱҲˡ
˫ȴҡҡͷ̾ûô򵥡ǲ֡ǲ̲֡ȵԺٻ޼Ҹ
Ц㵹뷳ǡ֣ɱ˱Ҳˡǲ֡ͽǷɢȥɡֵŵùķּ֮£й۲졣޼ңҲ쳣˵˴ֵЦ֮У˼Ѫ
˫һ£漴Ҳǵ˵ͷĿǰΨһķܲܽкɱ°ɣϾЩ֮Уо޼ҵ޼ҶСҡ٣Զ޼ЩȽϳɫɱǣ޼ҵҲȻܵĴ
Եķּҵӷ棬ȴЩѰ졭ϾҲûЩһڰҪʲôģҲ鷳ĺܡͻȻüͷ֮˵
㲻õġ˫ʱȴЦԵ߶꣬Եķּ֮˶ֻơѾ׼ڣЩּҵӶѾһһڶԷߵӸˡ©֮㣬Ҳʲôġ
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ԵףΪ˭ԵףȻѾˡȻҲǴ飬֪Ҳˣ˵˲ɵġ
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ȴҡҡͷȴδ˵˫ͷٶһɫǣʱǱ˹ȥ

֮ϣȻǼΪҡ
ȼţ޼ҵӶѾһѻҽ˭˭ҲǷֲһЩֻδ޼ҵӣһҲ˵ĵڵϡ
ѾкǰȥԱЩԱһ̧֮
ʬ壬ʱȴûʱȥᡣϣһƬҡ
֮ǰδ뵽ս֮е޼ҵӣҲǸڡæµ
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Ȼһ裬ֱӱɱ˰ˣˣ߸ǲУͬϣԼ۵ǿߣܵ˼ΪصĴˣ
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ӷʮϵһ֮УݶĺøҲǴݹȻǶûʲôøУͬĵҲΪԼүүǲô˵ʵŵģȷǶԷѪ
ԼүүʹûĻӹ֮˭оȻʮΪ۵һԴʣȴõݶкøд
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˫ʱһ㶣ɻĿݡڵݿǿߣȻΪԷһСݡҲ޲ɡɶԷʵط˵Ļ˫Ȼǲܲעġ
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һ£ʮϣټһ£˫˵֮ٹ˲ֱӳԼۡķɱȥ
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˫ĸۡ˴ԶʱѾ˻һСһۣϳУǵմ޷ж軨ĺӡݵ֮϶ʱ¶һ˿ϲɫǡ軨ѵûꣿ
˫ͷ˵ţ軨ЧʹϣֻҪһ㣬ͿԴﵽܴĹЧ̴ֻȥһѡãҲûʲôЧԣұǽʣµһЩ֮ٻ㡭ʮΣڵϦԡ
岻ضԣҪæ˵
˫۾һæ˵ͷ²ٶ˵Ƕʮϵߡ
ʱʮѾ˹ȥ˿Ԫǿᣬסȳ̶ȵƣˣѾĲˡ
˫ɣ˺ӡһӨӨԺ͸˫ɣڣ漴ȡһӨ͸Ľɫɺһ軨
軨δж仯ֻ澧Ө͸Һ壬Ѿһ롭ݵУʱ¶һ˿ȻȻȷҺ塣
˫ٶȴӺóһ룬˵ϡ軨ϣһ֮ȥȻ󣬵һЩӨճĽɫҺ֮Уʱһµζ˳
С룬˫軨ϵС״ãȻִԼĻУȡһӨİɫ塣
ݿ˴ȴһ㶣״ΪΡ
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ݿһ㶣뵽ҿԼޱƣҵ˫˫˷軨ĻԼ͵͵軨ǵˣ˺ǡ
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ЧȻЧ軨ȻʥƷ˫ʱϲ̾
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ۣϾԶǽҽ֮߳ϣ˳ϣʮһϵȻѹǷɵ˵ҴŵǡʮϷ軨֮ɫԽĺϵҲۿɼٶѸٵĻָšΪƹأȻڻԡΪ軨ԵʣǱסˡΧҲû˵Ҵŵ
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ֱЩ̫˼飡ʵһֱѾΪʵ˫ֵˣЩԽܡ
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ʱƣڣϾ漴Լ˷ɵĳϣһ˹
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˼һ˵ͷǣݼˡ
߳ĵ˵ͷȻֿһΧƻɵһƬǽ壬̾޼ǧ˪Щȴֳ̬Щҵִ֮ԵҪѼ壿ֻһԡԣΪ鸸ӵֻ޽⿪֮ա
˵ţҡҡͷһƻأδҲһ¡һٹ̣ȡޣȴΪֿǶ޷֡˻ᣬȴһٽʹ޼Щսʽ΢ĸԵȫƶҲ޼Ҹԡʱˡ
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200 μңյģ
Į̼䣬֮е˶һС
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ʮӰĴӺɽ˳
һż֮ʱĲΧļΪԼ˫ֵɫļȻһ˼΢¶ɫĴˡ
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ʱλϵɫʱһ䡭һ޵ѹ֮ǴõΧ˶ֻоһ͡
Դˣ޼ˣǲ˲Ծһɫ΢䣬漴ʱͣеĻƣϵ˼λ޼ҳϵ
ʱ֮ϵգʱùŹ޼Ҽλ޼ˣʮǿ߶֮УһƬž
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һĬ޼ǿеʱ޼ҵĵӾңҲȥ۷׷ףΪԵ޼Ҽҽ̼ΪϣЦ
Ĭڵм֮ǲֵܳġһϣҲԳǧҵĵ̣Ϊˡ
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΢һ٣׵ıûұ˵һκˡղ޼ԡӣǣ𻯻ҡӣ
һһɱɱ˲ϯأ

ʱ޼ҵҲ̲סɫһɴ۾˫֮ͫУԶ¶ͨıŭ֮ɫ
Ȼ֪ԷⲻƣȻǶû뵽ԷȻһ˵ɱȻĻ
ﶼ޼ҵѪжڲìܻʲôȻеʱһǶ¶˱ŭɫˡ
رǡԷμң
޼춼֮ĩλã˵ˣʼٸߣμң
£μ֮˵ȻƼһ޼ҷ˽ʹ޼ҴӴ΢ơ
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ǰЩμֱ֮ӵŶʲôϪ޼μҵʧٵĽͣͬݺݵĴ޼ϵһض⣬޼ЩǱһʱв˶ԷƴһˡǱ۸ѹȥŭӱѾ޼˵С
˽գ޼ʣ鸸֮Ա޼ҵı󣬻μ˵Ӱӣ޼˶μҵŭѾﵽһٽ㡭
Ȼڣʸոշ֮Ĳоֶûʰáμ֮ˣȻһεˣһ˵ʲô𻯻ҡ
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ĹƨƾμҲʸ˵仰
޼ҳϿڣ޼˾Ѿ˱ŭĴ
յģμҳǰɣȥ޼֮˿ǱŴģҪʹƴ޼ҲҪҲȻμҵ汳ǲţ
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ЩʵȻǿǾԲȱѪԡʱֱӳȻǲ̫ܣϷйһŭȴûܹܵˡ
ԭɱʱһϡ漴һŭʱбӿ˳Ŀ⣬ʱݺݵĳ޼ҳıŭе˿ȥ
μҳϣμҿν֮ϵĴڣ峤Ҳƽ۽ʱ˵ָıӴ
ȴڱ˵ĵͷ֮ϣȻ֪˲ܶܿȴû뵽Щ족СȻҲҳУ

һŭߣ϶ʱӿԪֱӱǳ޼˷˶ȥ
һɱ֮֮ǰΪǿἸֵĻ֮ʱϯ
Ȼۿǹɻ֮Ҫ˵޼˵ʱһֱĬŵİ˳ȴǱͷһߣâʱ
һʱ䣬Ȼǻ棬ֱӭ˹ȥ
䣡
ʱ˫мλãɫ쫷ɫĻ棬ʱһҵĽӴһײ֮Ȼǽ
оâһһжʱ¡
һֳڣ˳оâҲһȵɢ
ʱֻġ䡱һ죬ʱըһŵĻ򣬱Ҫȥ
ȻƬͬ޴ɫ쫷磬Ҳһ֮󣬺ȻֻţֱӽѿĻ棬ԶأʱһƬƬ𺣶ʱٶܳ͡ûˡ
ǰ˳ϵɫһȴ΢һסüͷһ¡
ױǲ֮䡣һЩˣһԿȴЩơղţָһЩ
ı飬δ׵ӹһ˿Ц漴ûټĿעǰȻһŭ֮ȻδͣЪԽԽҵơ
޼֮ˣҲֻƤϱȽˡ
˵
һֱޱ߳üͷһ壬΢΢̧֡޼˿֮󣬶ʱסȻȻֹͣŭӶԷĿ⣬ȴûаֵ˸
ң߳ڴ˴֮ˣһ¶⡣ȻҪ߳ӡ
Ⲣǽֻ⡣һƣշ磬Žƣ
棬ʱֽİֻʣΧĻ淢žžԾ֮
߳ޱĿף漴ĮףͻȻͲ붼֮μ鷳𣿡
߳ϿȻʵȴЩɻ󡭡ף֪Լ߽ջֱᷢʵģ
Ҫ֪޼μҲϣѾһˡȻΣ˫ûȷаյʱǲóȻԶԷʲôġϾ޼Ȼƴ޼ҲҪμҲݣֻμҲҪ޼ġ
Ͼ˫Ȼв࣬ʵʵڲ󡣶ң޼ֻʣһЩǿߣôμҿҪѹ
һ£ʮǿߣƻμµвҵĻɱеμˡһֲֿ飿
ԣûаٷ֮ٵİգμ֮Ӧòܷɵ¡޼ұƷ裬μңûʲôô
׽ˣǡ޼ʱˣ
飬ͽѾ䡣ۣϣʮϣˣʣµǿ߾ֻ߳ϣ˳ϣʮһϣԼһ˶ѡУÿ϶һЩСˡ
޼ҵϣ뿪޼ңΡͲ޼ҡ˵ڵ޼ңʱ
ǡ֪ģѵ
߳ϣɫԶһۡĶѾʬ塭
鷳鷳ڽձǽ޼һǿɱȵ붼ҲҵǸѡѵΪڻΪѾ˵ǿߣٶɱһЩǿô
Ǵ󻪹Ĵ֮һݵر춼ܱߵĸ֮С춼ִߡ
ƿ춼ԴͬҲ縺ŲһЩҳ̫ͻΡ
ϾյǡޡҪ೤ôȥͲΪڶʧ̫ǿߡǿߣ
μƼҶԸ޼ңͷ붼֮˳棬Ż޼ҵ֮ѡֻǱֽѪԨ
⣬Ҳ۵ȲѵԵɡ
׵Ļ߳ɫʱһ䣬Ĭ
׵Ļ붼ȷûеԼ֮ٶɱһЩǿߡ
޼Ȼ˽ڣǱϾѾǰˡңμ֮ҲδؾûйϵΪ˼ȥǿߣ붼Ҳһĳ档ֻҪμҸһ̨ףҲˡ
Ͼμң֮춼һҡ˵Ա붼ʵв㡣߱ϾҪ࿼һЩġûд棬ôΪ޼Ҷ㾡ȫȥ
Ȱ㻹һЩȻռƣ޼ҲӡҪ֪вٵ쳤ϻڣǻصУ֪˽֮¡ҿμҵԸô߳ɫһ֮ٶ˵
ٺ٣ԣֻɱǼϼһȵ˻ŭΣˣǻ޼ҵĺۡѲɻǲܲ˵μģյЦ
ɣ
޳ܣ
յģְǶɱˣ
һ仰ʱٶ޼˵Ŀ
׵ˡû޼ȫ뷨ֻҪ޼ڼеǿȫɱȻЩ족ǿۣ֮󷵻޼ҵǿ߲׵μģ
Ǹʱ޼ҶʱҪΪ춼ڵĶ壡
ϾһǿĸǷǳҪġ춼֮УǲֻСޡѡټΪֻ֮ǿߣӶķչ
ȵ޼Ϊ֮屾ӵеĹԴʱҪΪڶеĴ󵰸⡣Ǹʱ޼ң޾ı˴ѹ֮ȥ
Ȼ޼Ҳ塭ǿ߻ûȫʧ֮ǰǲġǣ޼Ҫٶ𣬱ϣãˡ
ȵ֮֮󡭡ӵиԴһӵǿ󣬵ĳһӵ㹻ǿʱȫѹ
ˣһ
һԵݣҲں̵ܶʱͨеĹؽڣ׵֮УҲ¶˼־˼Ȼն
ɱ޼ǿʵ޼Һ֮Ϊ޼ǿߵۣӶ׳ȥСҰΪѹ޼ҵֱһı
˹˵˳Ϊ޼ֻ֪֮Ϊ޼ǿߣܷԼĺ


201 ݵ
ϵնʱѹ
޼˵жŭֱֱĶΪ׵ʮǿߡ
Щǿ߾ԶμҵĳԼ䳤ϡ
䡱ÿҶеġͨԣǶӵбȽǿʵ֮еĵλҲǺܸߣҵѡ䳤ϡǼ֮У볤ϼᲢ۵ġ
ƽزܼĹƣݡǼ£Ҳǳ֡Ȼ񣬻ÿЩ䳤ϡǵԸˡ
ͨԣǶ֡Ͼֶ̣֮ҳϵĴʲôǲ֣ҲʵЩ˵ȥˡ
ʮ֮У߳ϵ˿űȽİףӦμҵĿˡ
޼ȻҲп䳤ϣ䳤֮ͨסĵطҲһڸ֮СǼ£֪ͨһǱҲܸǣ޼ʱȥ֪ͨ޼ҵĿ䳤ô
߳ϵ˵ݣѾȫ֮ɫ
Ҳ벻һͽ֮飬󣬾Ȼһ¹޼˥ıʣ
νִѣڲǷ˵ģ˰ɣ

ʮһ޴ݺݵİһμ֮˵зɱŭ⡣
Ȼ֪ͨμҵˣϼһڽݽ֮󣬱Ѿ뵽д·ˣ˳ɭȻ
ǰʱ׷μϢʱ򣬱ԼѾоݹ뵽յıʣҲǽ޷ɵݵͷˡ˫ͬ¶Ȼ֮ɫ鵹侲ʵȻǿȴǲ޼ĹͷȻܱһ侲
ҿǲˡ
һֱû˵ݣʱҲüͷ֮ȴ̾
п࣬ȻĿǶֻǷ鱾ϡȴûпǵ鱳μҡ
òԼС顣ֻԼͺܿ뵽һǰ޷Լ֮˫˵춯ѸٵķӦϵѡ֪ͨμҡ
˵ԶҪμҰæѰ軨ȱôμĿеĵλȻǸߡõ֪ͨμҵĳϣµһʱѾǰӦˡ
ǵٶƺһЩ鲢ûгŵǵĵ
ҲС̶̵ʱѾµΣϵ˻ɱ޼ҳϵľ޼Ҷʱ˼ȱ֮С
Сݡ
ļȻֻоΧͻȻһϸ΢Ĳ漴߳ϵԺʱһɻĿ߳ϡ
Ȼ߳ȻһԶԶĿףǸûжֱԺģǴӶ
ݶʱ¶˾㵵ɫ
ԾġֱԺҪ˵ĻȻԾҪˣͿˡҲ֮Ӧòѡ
ݲ䣬߳ϵٶƺҲݵĲˡ
ݹ۲ϸֻеһ˿ϸ΢ľûԼüģȻ߳ϵ
а𾪣漴ҲŵԼľ̽Ե߳ϣ
üĽɫһһϸ΢ľʱû߳ϵü֮С
漴Ժ֮У߳ϵ
ݶʱ۾һ֪ԼѾԷˡ
СݣáµľҲǿˣ˵޼ҵ֮ҲΪ֪Щ޼ܵ˲ٵίǣϾ޼ҵѪ޼ҵͬҲΡ
߳ϵٶݵһ漴Ҳǲɫļţȴδӿڡ
ʮҪ¹޼ܷȹǰνѡ߳ϼ˵
߳ϣ˵ԣʱɫһ˵
˵ʵ޼ҵȷ߳ԵûжٺøУǡүҲ߳ԣϾ޼Ѫڲìô֣ҲԼˡִֺܶѡȻȴ¹޼ܷȥ£Ҳ˿и
ܺáҿɫҴңȻǸû೤ʱ䣬֪Ҳǿߡ㾡ԼϢȻһ޼ͨӾԶ뿪ûҲЩ֮СôԶľ룬ױȻԷֵġ뿪֮󣬵һ£ǰڵġʥá
ʥã
ļȻһ漴ʱȥ롰ʥһ¥ʱһϣѵ
׵ĽԸȻǷϻôʱ䣬ΨһԵɣֻ¶Էмƽϡʥ֮µĽƣըˣҲ˿ġԣǱҪһȥϳ֣ҲֻܻµΣˡ
飬Ҳ֪ʲôʱѾʼμᣬԣʥôϵ飬ױȻ֪ġȻʥ֮һЩá˴Ĵæ䲼úпһǿߡԣҲֻ㣬лʥһˡ߳ϵȻƽȵ˵Ȼ֮УȴǴһ˿ء
һ𣬶ʱס£߳ѾеһУѹˡ
һҲҪԡҪǰ佣ڡһȶĺ󷽣Ų޸ĸƼ
ԣΪԼΪѪŨˮѪ֮顭ҲҪɡ
ģݱȻ񡣡һ֣صĴ
һСͰиˡ߳ϳ̾һ
Ȼı֮ϣȴȻûаֵ쳣ɫĶףɭȻâ˸ݡ˭ҲʱѾݰһҪ񡭡
һᾡʱ䡭ȥء
˵仰֮߳һĿԶ׵ĮȻĿЩϼһǾ޼ҵĺԶһЩɡšҲԸΪ޼Һ̫࣬ʹ޼ҳ׵ķɣ߳˵ţ֮һ˿мζ
üͷʱһ壬˸¶һ˿ԥ
˵Ĳ˴ǵĿֻǽ޼ҵǿȫɱЩСɱֻ̫࣬޼Ļ᳹׷񡣡ԥ֮ʱһݸҲ΢һüͷ漴׶˵
ȷǴеĿĺȷ޼ҵǿߣˡ
ɱһЩǿߣѾǻ޼ҵļˡЩ켶Ҳɱ¾̫˵Ļ˵޼Ҫˡ
һ˷޼ңɳʲôμҲҪǿǣܲܳܵ𡭡
ϾǴ˴ǰĿģΪ˽Ӧˡֱϵĳ֮ǷʱҪɱ޼ҵģѾһЩ˵졭֮УҲûȫ޼ȫս׼
ҪɱҲнġУҲзִġҪ޼ܵԵĴҪ޼ҵǿ߲ȫ֡Щ󱲵ӣǲܶɱ
һΪҵܣ¶һ˿Цԡ
߳зɿӹһ˿â漴ʧŤͷ˵˫֡Χ뿪˳ǧ֮⡣
˫һۣ¶ֱߡȻ漴ҧҧͷǡ
˵꣬ת˫Ŀĺȵ޼ҵ˳ǧ֮⣡
ΣЩͨĵȻѾ岻ʲô֡
ЩȫǾŲʮǿߣƾƣ߻Էƴһƴǣʮ㣬Ųǿ߼Ҳ˫ʮ֮ǿֲεǿУǸֻڻҡ
뿪ҪҲҪս޼ֻսӢۣû˱ܵų򣡡
˫ֻ䣬ʱһŭ֮
޼һ˫Ŀų죬Ķμҵǿߡɫŭ
£
˳ͻȻŭˣ͵Ļͷһ޴ʱߵ޼˵ѹȥ棬˲䰲
֮һǴͷҧݺݵĶμҷһۡǳԶӿȥ
Ŀһۼλϣ漴תĬĸ˫ֵͷȥ
˫ȻСϸڣâֻһʱǵͷ˶ǵ֮֮ϣҲǿ˿
߳Ʋһ׵ʱ䲻ûпݳֻɱԵһĻ鴫Ϣ֮УҲֻ˵һ䡰ݱ¶Ӧȴûᵽݡ֮Ȼվ߳ϵߣ߻˫ֵˣȻΪȥʮ߰ʲô֣ȻǽԷˡ
ĸ֣ͻ޼Һ󱲵ӵȺ֮У˳ǧ֮⡭
ʱһƬս֮ϣѾֻʣ߳ϣ˳ϣʮһˣ

Сݣô죿
Զ֮˫ʱߵݣѯʵһԵ֣ȻҲǿ˵ǻۣѲ²ݸ뿪ȻֻΪ˱Ȼеġ
ȥϡ
ݿһԶ취ʱλϣһ֮ݵ²˳٣Сֶ͸ˡ
˵꣬Ҳ˫ֻػһΣʧ˵֮С
΢һ㶣漴üͷҲǽĿ⿴Զս֮ϡšȭͷ
һҪϰ

ڵλ
ҲԵĸۡҲ
޼ҵķǳ⣬ȴҪڡҲ˵ҪԽս
ãȻԸۡĸԵĸۡȴһԵ֧ݵ粽ܣҪ֪ƹ˴ȴûѡ
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ʱǰͬһͷһڵصġǳݵ֮С
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ݵΣȴھаĵطͣζ޽ľ֮УĿ⣬ĳ濴ȥ
տյĴﲢûзʲô쳣
ݵĿȻ侲Ļһܣ˸Ƭ֮Ŀȴʱһ漴³һ
һ࣬һξǶ
һߣ£ɫĮĿⶢŴ֮ǰ֮ϡվǽڰݵӰĴʮסθǱľڣǲֻ»Ƿֲˡ
ݿһۡȻ̫Զľ֪Ҳ޷ԷԣҲԷʲôʵ
һǺʵġӶԷʱеվǿԿˣ޼ҵˡ
ӣȷһǿˡ
ţа˼š
ֱӴӴųȥǿߵֲܷԼôɱ
Ȼ뷨һ֣ǱĨȥԷʵǿҲ֪ҪɱȻҪķһЩʱ䣬ȻڣѾûʱȥķˡ
üͷ΢һ£漴ȴһ
ӣҲֻðˡ
뵽˴ݲٳɣһΣʱ˳ȥ


202 ޼Ҵϣһ
ݽ֮ײΪ粽ٶȷ֮ײ࣬ʹ֮ҲûײǱ־Ե֮ٶȱĳʱ䣬Ҳǳࡣ
ֻֻһαԲ׽ٶȣ˲ˡĴ֮С
֮࣬ǰڵĺߣݳ롰һ˲䣬ɫȴȻһ䡭ǿߵԼ֪ȻûԶԷƤӵϢȥġ

Ǻ߷ӦΪѸ٣ɫһ֮󣬿аһʱǲҳɣҲȻǽ׷ȥ
Ȼٶȱ֮ݵĵ粽ȻҪࡣ׷롰ʱѾ˽ӽҵľ롣
ٶõ߶ʱһȻһ֮ߵȴӹһ˿ɭȻ¶ʱӿֳһɽɫཻԪһȵϢʱ
ֻ˫ѸٵǰʱһԪ֮˲γһӡ

͵ӡ֮УĴһʱرһ
еݶʱӦصĲ΢һ䡭زҪǿ࡭ӣǺߵʵӦ߳ϣʮһϵ˵ʵ൱֮飬ҪһЩ
ţļȻ֮䣬ͷ֮һ˿޵Ĳʱݣâһ붼û룬ǰ͵һŵ棬ǰ˲ɼͣ͵ĳҲ౬
漴ݱ͸ӦһƼ֮Ͻ£䡱һը죬ʱõҲΪ֮һ
ݼ죬һ˿زոճ֣Ѿϵѡ˶ܣʶһδʲôš͵һʱһ֮ǰڵĵطһʮ״ĿӶݵ֮УӶȫӲҳģһԲΣڱԵ֮͹ֶһ״Ѻ۶ʱȭͷСʯ϶֮УԵΪ
ǻԵߣһȻǻԵĹ֮ǿ֮ҵĴ󱯷ҲԶ
ǿӶʮ׿ݵĴ󱯷ʵ൱
ǿ߹ȻһҲСжһЩ˵ֶΣ
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죬˴λع޼ңȶϵԡҲֻǳ죬ֶҲǲ١ںʹáɶ֮ʱǻ˸ĹݳԾСǺɶ֮ĶһǿᣬȻˣҲǺķ˼ʱ䣬ŽԸˡ
֮飬ۣϣ߳ϣ˳ϣʮһϣʮϵǿ̳֣ݴ۽硭Щ˿ɶǳ죬ڽôʱҲ˲ǿĹ˶һЩֶΡľǳ䲻͵Ϯܲɱ飬ǲ̫˵
£ȴǷ֣ٵǿȻһЩʹóȴǸԵıʾʽ
磬ǡһաֻܸоزΧռʱ̣ȴδоԵĴ󱯷ƣˮԵߣ󱯷ȴǳֽɫâԪư磬ȻȻȴδһ˿֮⡣ȻҲˮԵѧ
ǺߣԪĽɫΪֻ԰һЩĹҲһɰѹδаֻԵ֮УȻҲѧ
֮⾳˵ģѵǸ˼
Ժв󱯷ƵĿƪ֮ԡ
ȻǻĺʱأҪ̵ʱ֪ͨϡҲ֪߳ϵӶ೤ʱ䡭
û˿ͣ٣̶̲һĹѾִǡáĴ֮ǰ
һ겻⡰á֮еľﲢδжٵı仯ȴŴĴ򿪣첻֪ʲôط
Ȼ⡰áǰһӡʿʬ壬ȴǺ˵ڵϡֻӹһۣǷϵˣȻǱǺɱģ
üͷ΢һ壬һǲЩʵһΣ˽ȥ
ĺߵɫȴɫ䣬иǰп࡭˵ٶ̫죬Ҳ׷ϵϣ
϶Ūʲô˵֤ǿ˴𣿵˷һٶȼǿ߰쵰
вĴţȻǰȴֲܡҲμҳϣȻ鴦Ҳǵ֪޼֮һεǿĴڡǵ˳ˡֻ·ǵһͨǰμҳһڿ䳤ϣҲҪܵ
Ҫٶһ˹ã˼л˶Ȼɱͽ˵أ
ţߵٶҲǲҲǽǡáĴ֮С
ٷӹСԺá¥ݵǰһǰҲûжٵı仯
̧ͷһ֮󣬽˿ͣŶ룬ˡá֮С
ĿһɨֻһҲһǰûж漴ݵĿͣˡáŵķκͣЪȥ
ݵ֮ǺҲǶʱ˴˴һݾȻѾźȥɫǴ䡣ӡٶһҪֹ
ȻݵΣȴʧ˺֮ڡ
쵰
۾ʱɴ漴ݺݵһҧϣ͵תǳźΡ
زϣΨһ·ǡ֪ͨ׵ˣ
ǺŴʥһξ롣һһأҲȻҪķѲСʱġԼ֪ͨ׵֮սپȻ뿪Ҳǲܵġ
뵽˴ߵٶȸӿһЩĿȴŤͷһۣǡá֮УŭٶȾȻ졭
һֱڣҲδݵݡݵٶ߶ԣҪ쵽ʲô̶ˡ

ǰȥ֪ͨ׵ˣҲǽľС֮С
ڸո̤ľϸСһ˲䣬ݵɫʱ΢һоһ˿ޣȻȴǿزǲ·С֮Ŀռһ磬С֮Ŀռһ硭ָо
ݸǣʱסֻⲨ߳Ͽеġơˡ
Ȼ棬ȴûʱȥ˷ѡһչٶȱǷӳ˳Сʥ÷ȥ
ߺˣ
ȻβŸոչһͳͻԺ֮У
ݵɫȻһ䣬ζʱٽֹĿæɨӶȥȻδ˴һʥûӰӶûпˣ
ݿԿ϶ڸ˵
ߺˣ
ߵٶ
˼һæ˵޼ҵڶʮŴݣǰǴϣ
ʮŴӣߵ΢һ㶣¶˼ִ㵡
ˣߵ֮дһɻ
ʮꡭǰǴϣ
üͷһ塭޼ҵλϿɶΣڵϦԼ˾˵ģʱǲడ
ʮꡭȴǲδشݵ⡣õüͷٶһ壬ȻȴǼΪɵ
һֱڣԷӰûпǸоǽԼԺ֮еľͿԿԷʵҪԶ
һѹͷļ꣬˼΢תǳ˵ǰ޼Ҵϣݱǲˡ޼ֵ֮ʣΨ޼ҴϷܻ˴νѡ
ѣߵڳĬƬ֮żɻ
ʲôѣ
һԣɫʱһ䣬ף
ȻѾ²ԷǴϡԷ仰ȴݡǡϣҲ֮ĵطôԶľ룬ȻԼԼĻĵʲôʵ
ݸһڿˮΪԼﵽ֮ѾǿˡȻλϵʵ֪֮ԼʵЩˡ
ţô˵𾪵˻ػߵٶɻĴ˳
ݶʱѣһƽ¾飬æڵμңʮ´̳ԱѼ塭սѱ𡣾Եɣʵ̫ϣ߳ϣ˳ϣʮһϣʮԼ۾ԶΣڵϦǿУһһΪ
ݼٵ˵̧꣬ͷȴ
Ƭ֮΢˼ֺԭμҡ֪ˡ
˵仰ߵʧˡһ㶣æϣϣ
Ȼ󣬵ȴδ˻ӦһŲݵüͷʱһ塣
֮ǲ²˵ݡ֮ȴǲδ뿪
ʱʮͻȻ˳ݸΧ档
ߺˣ֪˽ʥҪԼ̵𣿡
ģһɡʥû
˴֣ըˣҲǸӦݵĴ󺰴У˴˴ȻЩˡ
̫ԶֲδԪȻ̫еġ
ݵģʮʥûͷߡݣ龫Լ꣬Ϊ䡣
ݵĿһɨǷִ˵ʵǾŲڡȥ޷Ҫǿһ֡
ĿעݣΧʥûҲǳɱ֮⣬ĿɭȻĶݡеѾʡ
µʵЩֻּͿ𡣵Ȼôɣ˵޼ҶʮŴݡ
ݣ
ݵĻһΧġʥûԶһ㶡ǶҲİʵϣʥûƽҲڸ֮ھסġÿʮջһΰࡣݵĴʱ쳹޼ңȻ֪
ݲǰǴűԸ׷ɱû
һݵĿⶼ˼ֺɫǹɱ֮⣬ȴδˡ
׻ȻĿݣԷԱʱȻ˸һ£Ҳֻ˸һ¶ѣ漴Į˵˭˽ʥñ¡
һ£ΧġʥûʱĵʣҪ
£ݵüͷʱһ壬ֺȵ
ǻüͷҲһ壬ĮҪ
⻤ĮҲԵɱҪݣȴЩáԷְڣݵҲ÷ŭֻü˵Ƿ֮߳ǰϵġ޼üصΣ˽ʥҲ֮٣¡
Σ껤üͷһ壬ݡ
üҪ˵ʲôȻڴʱһߵȴͻȻ
˵Ĳ°ɡ
Χ˶Ǿһ˶ǻͷȥ
ҲûзֶԷȻȴǶǴ
ŤͷȥȻһ֮ߣΣһɻ
ݵɫʱһ䣬ӿ־졭ûзֶԷôֵġ
ϡ
ʥû˶ʱһ漴æĹ


203 󡱲о
ȥɡ
߻˻֡ʥûһۣ΢ǳܷɢȥʱûΡ
漴ϱֻʣһˡ
һһۣһ˫֮Ҳ¶һ˿ȡЦĵ˵ͷԭ㡭
ȥݻмӡӡ
˼΢Ϲϡϳ֡ݽ룬δ˴ȥս֪֮μ֮ˡ
˵ͷμҵСһǵȷЩ̫ˡ߰ɡ
˵ţֻһϽһ磬ʱʧȥӰ
ݶʱһ漴һ۾ɴ󡭡ĵ粽ҲȻû̬ɣ
ϣжǿ֮־жٸΣ
ݲļⰵ漴һҲǼٳ˳ȥ

䣡
ۣ
һ֮˳ϵεѪǰһȦȥɫ죬ɫԪ˳ϵΣݺݵ˵ϣٶ³һѪԴˣʧȥս
ս֮ϣ޼ҼλϣȻѾ˼ΪΣյľء߳ϣʮһڰ˳֮ǰѾʧȥս
Է̫ԣ˻˶ԸһˡȫʩΪɱ
ȴδɱǣֻʧȥսѡ
޼ҵĶǣǸﹷյƴˣ֪ȻǶ֣ȴǣ
Զ޼ҵһšȭͷǺ۾񿴵һϰ˳ҲѪأ̲ס˫ĿĴ֮ʱ˵
޼Ⱥ۶ʱŭۿҪҡ
˴޼ҵӿǧˡŲϵǿߴжʮҡ˲ϵİʮˣ߲ϵˡ¾Զµġ
ޣȻھԵʵǰʵϲжá
Ҫ֪һǿߵĹΧʮɣֻҪڹΧ֮ڵģʮкϵ˴ſǰĴ֮⣬˶ֻбɱһ;ѣμߣȴʮˣңÿһ˶ǿߡҪɱǧˣǶԣʵڲʲôѵ顣
ȻҲŭ˫Ŀ죬Ȼ˵ǰͷǿĽ죬һԡǿѹסŭ޼ˡ֮ǰߵ˫ʱѾ֪ȥ򡭡
ս֮УһֱվԭزûжԶĶֻĿһۣǲмЦһ
ھԵʵǰЩˣֻǿЦļһѡǴվԭزҪ򡭡˵ҲֻɱӺˡ
뵽˴׵зһ˿ѪɫĿ˲Զһ޿ӡ
棬Ѿһ̯棬׵Уȴǽķһ˿ɫ
漴һĿָ䡣
Ŀ⣬Զһȴͻط˹һ漴ȴüͷ
ΣʱǷɵ׵ߣһݵĺߡڴ˶Ȼϳˣ֮ǰڵδĺߡ
˽ڵϹˡٶҪһЩϹ
ֱ׵˵
ȥô
üͷһ壬һ۳Уһ֮ȴ¶һ˿Цݡ
֪ˡ
˵꣬ױû˿ıʾС΢㵵ü֮󣬱Ҳٶ˵ʲôվߣ˵
ս֮УѾǻһƬ棬λʧȥսήҵĵڵϣ˫ĿĶףŭ졭
֮ǰǴ˵ǿߣҲص׵ߡ˫ٶȶ

ѾǱƻһˣݺύֽԭĵָ֧顣ľѾкܴһֻ˻ҽԶĸۡȻžžĴȼյ
޼ң춼һңں֮£ӭʮǰҴս֮һΣ
£޼ҵļڵϦ
аʱ䣬ȴû˵֮ײŵЦһ֮󣬵Ŀˡ
ǵļǵϣĶ
߳ݿףмһЦ֮ȴǸһ仰Ҳ˵ֱƫͷȥ
üͷͻȻչһЦǲˡˣ޼춼һأ޼ҵĳϣô̰֮ãܺá
׼ڽ˵ȴõλϵɫʱǵͨ죬ŭܶȻ
Ȼ˵仰ɫȴͽȻһ˫֮ɱһӶĮĿڵ
ɱ
ʱǿ϶ʱ˸ɫɫԪâ֮һ֮󣬽ɫɫԪֱӱǳϱɶȥ
Զ޼ɫʱ䣬һȻɴ۾һʱҲ˼һǶƬɫɫԪšȭͷ
޼ʧϣȻ󽵣
ϵҲѪȻϵȴǼأѾûٶܡֻĿԪȵһ˲䣬ǱҪɻң
ǣҲǽĶǽɫɫԪģ״ξĶš
Ȼô
߳ΡȻһ̾ɫɫâѹǣ֮£ٶñ˵³һѪ漴۾
ɫԪɫԪԽԽۿϣҪԪ֮¡
Ȼڴʱ䡭ͽ
ļȻ֮䣬ȴȻһ
ͨǶ
·һ˲ʵ֮ҵĲ
ʵһЩģֻоԼĴԶǡˡһʱǰڣҪѣȥ
ȻֻڿһλǰǽɫɫԪǵǰһ롭һ⣬ȴļȻڶ𣬽λϣļȻ
䣡
ɫɫĹâʱݺݵײǺ֮ϣ⻪ʱҵ˸Ȼȴûһ˿λϵ壡
ʲô
ʱ޼ˣǻȻɴ˫ۣŵĿǰһĻ
ЩŪ״ۿžҪǿԪɵλϣȻǱˣ
ǣʲôӵǿ
زһ˲䣬λȴǻȻ˫漴¶˿ϲ֮ɫ
ϣ
룬Ǳ֪ʹѧʱŪô󶯾ģ˴ϣ޼ˣ
Ȼ޼ҵ֮⣬ףȴ˸ʱ򣬷Żŵɫһ˲䣬һ
·Ҳһ
Ȼô˵һ͵Ӱǹ֮󡭡
⻪ɢȥһͣݱ鲼֣ȫһܼߵߣ˵֮С
һϣ
һϣ
޼ҵڶӣһһ㶣Ȼ漴ǻȻɴ۾¶˿ϲ֮ɫ
һϣ󲿷ֵ޼˶İϾÿһڽʥõʱ򣬶ҪһϵǿᣬҲ˶֪
£޼Σʱ̣Ӳ뿪ʥð벽ˡˣ
֪ΪʲôȻƣȻ֮ߣԼƽıʱ˶һšһ޼ҿ԰Ȼȹ˽٣μ֮˱ȻҪܴܵţ
ϡ
߳ϵҲǼڻȻ֮ټϵļʱٶ³һѪɫ˲԰
ƣҰɡ
һƽ͵˵
λһ㶼˵ͷǲ˵תԪԼϵ
׿ߣ³һ¶ЦݣȻǹ˹֣֮У˼־أԭ˼ҡ
߿һۣҲ¶Цݵ˵ͷȴ˻ƵԭμҵСӡβԡɻţ
һϵӹ׵ʱȴõжʱһ
Ϲʵ֮뻹ҪǿడһۣȻһֱͨ͸ĸо
һ˿塣Ȼ漴ȴһڣЩϵĹ
һ˵ͷһ֮󣬲ϵ֮·˼ָп漴ҡҡͷʮδˡ仯ȻǺܴ󰡡СӣЩ˰
ͷȻ漴ȴЦһ̸Ϲ벻޼μͬΪ춼ңϧһɽݶμƴ󣬽Щ˲żüã޼ռôԴϧЩ˳һỹ㿴ùȥ֮⣬֮˾ԶһЩµµΪ֮ôԴ޼С˷Щ
ŶһüͷȻȻƽǰ˵Ӧô죿
ܼ򵥣޼нһԴμңϵͷߡұ޼ǧ괫УһĿ˵
ǺǡһͻȻЦμСӣβǰҲ˵ֻ
Ϊ˺˿Ŀһϣһ˿ЦԵг
δ˰һϾĿһ֮ȻһȻСҲͷӷˡĪǣˣ
һ仰˵أ·ǺȻһ¡
ͷٶһȻ漴ȴһĮĿڵҳʵǷҲǰ׳ա޼գ׸׵ô
Ŷһü
ʣϿ˵󣿡ײδֱ˵Ƿʵ
󣿡һԣ¶һ˿ɫǾ󻪹֮һ˵֮һ
׵ı¶ֵɫЦϹȻǼʶ㣬󷨵Ҳ渵֮һȫ󹲷־ž϶Ϊһ󡣡
ʮǰȥһħƼ䣬һʬ֮ϵõһ󷨲оΪԪ󣬶󷨣֮һͨʮоѾһЩĵáǿ֮ǿԽ֮˵ȫۼһ𣬴Ӷ֮˷ǿ
˵˴¶ϧϧǲоٶȺֵĿռ伫С¶˼ζ
㷽˵ô໰Ϊ˲󷨣ڵ󷽲ų֣ĿģôǡܸϾǣӶԼ󷨷Χ
һе߳ɫͻȻһ䣬ɴ۾ס
߳ϹȻ˼֮˰Ц¶һЦһ֮񽥽ѪΪҲ֪վߵλСֵҲ֮ܲ˼ǡԱɱ֮ʱǡġֻСֵܵٶ̫죬ҲûʩԮ֡
˵˴׵֮ϣ¶˼ıʹ֮ɫʬڵӣ¶һ˿Ӧ飬ȻûдٵˡǡȻɱˣ
ԣ֮뿪μڵĳԼ䳤ϡƼҵĳǶҪǣ鸸ӡᣡ׵仰ֱͬ
鸸᣿
һǼλϣǧ֮⣬עž޼ǣҲɫȻ䣡


204 ǣ裡
ֻǵıѼ壬ôμ˵ֻһӶѡȻһӣΪμҵϣסԷӵĸ
һ룬ԵҪ軨ҲͨμҵֻһöӣöΪҪμҵֿĸԸĸ𣿱ϾǿǶƷҩ
ѵڱ󣬻ʲô˶֪
˴ʱ˶ԤСⲻͨļͽ¼пܣһ˺ܳʱȥ׼ġı
߳Ķףɴ۾ȵ鸸ӣμңʲôϵ֮УѪ˿Ȼ鲼
׷·ԳʤȯգĬƬ֮ȴЦһȴͻȻ˫һӡһЩʲô
漴Ŀ֮У׵֮ϸֳһҰ׵ȫĸǻҰƬ̣ȻɢȥȻٶݵʱˣǵһ
飿
߳Ȼɴ۾
ֻ֮ǰݣѾʧȡ֮ģݣ
飡ֻѣ
˳Ҳ˼ĶţȻƬ֮ȴǷˡΪǣΪһЩȻ׵Ȼа˾ŷƣȻȴԵüΪ䡣ͬһˡ
Ǵǡ
˶ɴ۾
顱ף
׵һ˿ζЦݣôǡ⣬ʵݡ顭ҵͬ磡
Ц޼Գǧһֱ춼ң˼ȡȨ֮˸Զǻӹܵľҷ֮ڰǰҸױѾʼּƻνġסʵϸμҿƵһܡѡǿЦ۵ϵǷּҶʸȨ棬ǡΪμҽӹ޼ƽ˵·
׵Ļһףݺݵը޼˵ͷͷۺ֮ʣȴһʱʴӡ
飬μ֮ˣ⣬ôܣ
߳ϵˣʱƽ
飬޼ҵĵʮϡȻһġסȴֻ޼һͨķּҵӶѡ
15꣬Իϵڵʵˡڵո¶ͷǡ֮һ·˳˳ˮ18ﵽڣ22ﵽ߲㣬27ﵽڰ˲㣬47ﵽھŲ㣬֮ʹá48꣬͵ʮ㡭76꣬ɹĽ졭˵һţҲΪ
޼ҵ˻ƣȻⲻ˻޼Һġ޼ҵڴﵽﵽڰ˲֮󣬱ͻᰲڸְ֮ٸݽٶԼֳԣյְ
27ﵽڰ˲֮󣬱ͱ롰ְҲڴ˺󲻾ãԡ
Ϊ˳ȣ˼ܣ47ھŲ֮󣬱㱻Ϊͳ졣49꣬ԭͳ飬ͳһְĽ޼Һġ
ֳִȨ飬ΪģټϱʵȺ޼֮еһձһոŨڵʱͬˣҲֻʱΡͳۣ֮һȡڵʱѾΪһμ̳ߡֻΪ۵ĸףǵʱ޼ҳ֮һ
ٹʮ꣬75ҵʱ77꣬һμۼλ
Ȼ۵ļ֮λδ֮ʣ㴫ĳӡᡱཻĴţң׵Ϯ
꣬޼Ȼ춼һң֣Ҳֻǿǿѹ޼һͷѡ޼Ȼû˱֮ټϣһֱ޼˵ĽȻ˲ཻμƼ޼ҵ
ǣһսɱչ
սݱĽУһʱ춼һƬҡ֮⣬һЩܱߵС壬Ҳս֮С໥ԷµĲҵ춼֮еŹѪ֮ζ
һսĸ¡ҵܵ˼ĴǿߣҼλ
һֲֵҪ֪춼ǿ߼ҲǧλȻڶ̶̵ļʱ֮࡭սһֲң
ͣ޼ҵӵף˴ս֮СȻཻĴԣȴԽԽҡڣ޼ҵڲཻͽ޼ս˵Ľ
ģԭЩԵ޼ǣҲʼŵģڼеҲԽԽ͡󣬼֮˲Ҫ鵣μ̨
ھԽԽԿƵʱ붼ڳָԤԽԽҵս£
붼ĸԤ£ԱѪԨ֮ۡѹսѪԨ֮սˣŸһ䡭
ҲǸʱΪ۳Իɱᣬԭȵ׵ŽĻ˲١ȻһֱǸʱ鵱졭
ãʱļλϣΪ۵ĸ׵ԵʣǱȽ֧۵ġڳϻڶ೤ϵĸԤ֮£㽥ͣȥ
֮飬죬볤ϻᡭ
ôʱһֱйоأ޼ҶҲǼΪţûҪԷǵգץ֤¶ûм˻ᱳ޼ҡ
ڴ׿УǷ֪ԭǱ޼ҡΪԷѹͲ޼ҵˣ̸ֺʲôѣ
ˣǱϢˣȫز
һķ˽ʱ䲼µľ֣ĿģΪȫ̽޼
λϣɵ˵ء
ûнѪԨ鵱ʱֻʱҪִ޼ң
ȻǸʱ򡭡һֲֿΣһļȻǳеˣ޼Ҹò˶ãҪϢ֮Уμɵ
˴ʱ˶ˡЩ޼еһУⱳʼٸߣμң

˵֮ѵĻԣҲμҴĻǵı죬Ȼ޼֮ɢˣ߳һĿɬ
׼һЦ漴󷽷ϵ̫ˣ40ѣѾ죬ڴﵽˡ쾳ڡ˲ٸһʱ䣬һ鷳֮ʱۼλʱĶӡһ˫£׳ղŲ
߳һȻЦһ棬ɱĳɳһ棬ѹ۵ֱӽԷ̨õġһμҵļıҲ͵óˡãᣬ۱ų̂ȻԼλ޼ңҲǵ֮Сüıüı
ˡ׿֮߳ϵЦݣȴһЦ˵
˵֮ݣҲǵļƻˣ߳ϼʵ
ûԷģ˭һˡأ֮ڡϪϣ쳽ȻҲǱɱˡҲ˵ӵʣ׻ҪΪɲáҲû˿صȻ˵
ˡ뵽ô߳ϲЦҡͷ
ʼȴû˵
Դˣһ׮ʮԩڵˮʯ
ᣬͲཻν֤ˣ֤μһڱĶѣ
μƼһ޼ⲿѹټ飬ԸڲֻǻԣҲʵ
μΪȫ޼ң㲼˰ʱ䣡áĻǡĸݣ¶ԶԶ㣡

˶Ǿˣڣŵһǻŭ𣬾Զʧĸɸɾ
û˻뵽һСڼ壬ڳΪ˼峤ϵˣȻȻ޼ҵˣڣһεļ̳ߣ޼ҵˣ
һַ̣һַ̰ļ壬ļ塭
޼˵֮ϣ·ʧǵ顭
ǿԽռͽȻ޷ܵǡôһֱŵˣѪͲ޼ҵˣǻֻһ㣬Ҫ޼ңֱ͸˶Է⡭
ǧҫһ̣Ȼѣ
Ǵĵ׷˶ڼҫִġ
ܾʵļı
ʱһ϶ƽ͵ȴǴ˳ļž
޼˶Ģ́ͷе˵֮ˡǸ͵ߡ
һϵѾȫһƬȻ֮Уȴκε飬ԵüΪƽ͡
׵ͷʱһüͷһϡȴû˵
һĽѵǧ޼춼δįȻҫԽ࣬󱲷·ҲԽýȡˡڣȻһЩĻǵļһö֮Ľ뵽޼ҵĺĸ߲㡭ò˵һ衣
һϵƽͣȴĴȫǧ֮޼֮ˣҲһʧǵı飬ʱóͷ
裬ҪǡǵøлμңôһΡףҫֻܴȥδҪԼȥƴ
ǧǰ޼ң춼ۣ֮Ҳ衣Ȼǧ֮ͬ޼ңȴμСɫҲǡ˭ĴǶҪúõ˼һ¡
޼ȱ˲벻ǵġ޼ܴǧͱʾ޼ҲµµΪ֮ͱʾ޼ҵѪһ㡣
ȻȱǵҫӣǷĴǵģҪȱȻҪģҪдԼ¼д޼ҵҫ
֮Уɢҡϵ໥ų켺ΪģǼ֮λƺ˶ˣǹͬϡǶޣֺαΪһʱȨƶ໥
ּңڸûйУλڸļ壬ܳõĴȥ
һѵϣεļסѵϣԺ֮ϣĲҪֻҫС
衣
һƽỺص֮䣬е޼ҵӶš
·һħԭĻ޼ˣ֮ⷬ󣬾Ȼĵ֮һɼ顭һԴѪ֮Уйļ飡
ǵģ裡ǳ裡һҪõĴУҪǵģҫг裡
ֻг裬ű̢˵ġֻг裬һ壬ӻԻͣԻͣ
һϣ֮ߣƽͶ׾ٵģԭѾ޼˵ģٶȷҫ۶ĿĹ
ǣĹ

׵ɫʱһϲϵݵ䡣
ҧء
֮ѡһе޼˵˵װףĿģΪպ޼μҿԤĴս̵棡
һҶԣҫıڱǿߵĴҪĸֻΪĶѾˣ̸ֺʲô
Ȼһ֮ƣۿҪȡóɹȴǱǰϼһ׵ĸƽˣ
ƽ⣡ᣬ޼˵ģ۵ĸΪգ
׿Χ޼֮Ϸŵļâţ޼ңٲ֮ǰǸ޼ң߳޼ңܱŷж
˵ģףԸȥˡ
ĵŭʱһϵ۾
裬ҪǣҪϴ̡ϴ̳ģֻѪ
أͻȻ˵֮УһƣĻ
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ϡ
ǡ
ֻ֮ļȻһ죬ţһɫף֮УļȻ£ףȻȥ
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205 Ԫ󣬴쾳
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״ʧɫ
½֮УߵԴǽľˮСȻ컯֮棬ǳ˿Բȣǧ֮УͬҲΪٵߡ˵ԣԵȵȡԣҲЩ֮һ
ףؼ֮
ԵߣҲ֮йΪǿߣ
ȻԼ洦֪һϹֲǣȴҲδἰԷȻߣ
׽ҧأ̧ͷȥ
ֻǵ֮кȻ㼯ɵ֮б䣬ɫףЯһƣȻٽǰ֮ž֮죬ҲŤ
һжʱӹһ˿ϣƴˣ
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һɫϸâٶü֮СأļȻһţһɫ֣ھϮǰһ˲䣬ļȻ֣
䣡
ɫֳ͵һ˲䣬ɫױǺݺݵײ׵ĸǰȻУ֣ҵĲȻƬ֮ɫ׵֮ЪǾһ֮ףȻûܵ˺
ʲô
޼λϣǧ֮޼ǣɫǻȻһ䣡
ǺȻ֮󣬷·˵ĶĤҲҪһ㡣֮ǿᡣȻһ֣Ȼǽ֮
⣬ѵ׿еľ֮һľԪĲ󣿡߳ϵɴ۾һ
󷨣һطķģ䣬ԪĹطĹЧ
ͬķģͬ䣬ͬͬԪԣԪǿȣͬľǿȣЩصĲ֮ͬ£ܵõЧҲǽȻͬ
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ѧ⾳Ҳ˵ﵽ֮֮ԼԪǿѾǷںλҪģǶ⾳ĸ򡣶νġ⾳νͰط
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еߣʹѧ֮ʣָоȻʵԽǿᣬָоҲԽǿҡһϡֻƽ͵˵˼仰һضǶЧǿᣡ
󷨣ͬǸԪĹطĹ
ǣͨԣ󷨵ܣҪ칦ĸΪǿ󡭡ֻΪѧϾֻһˡȴǿͨͬķģ䣬֮˵Ԫ뾫һͬյܣȻͨĸҪǿĶࡣ
ң󷨲Ҫÿ˶ӵм⾳ֻΪ󷨱ķģ䣬ȣѾĳضķĳضϵ
ԣͨԣߣɽ֮ɱǿߣ⣬Ҳ󷨳ֵҪԭ򡪡ʤǿ
ʵ׵ȻҲǱȲһϵġȻ󷨵ļӳ֮£˵Ԫһطܱȴһһս

ϹֹȻҿƣԪ󡭡򡭡뵽˴׵Ҳһ˿£ɫ֮еһϣҲ¶һ˿ɵ
һ׵ǲСʣԼȥܣֻѾɻҡԪֵԷĹҲõ󷨶˲ܡ
ϧֻһ󡭡õ󷨣ֻϹ֣ҲԺְɣײźš
Ȼмŵһڹ۲һ֮ĵ˵ͷ·𷽲һױ£ûֲƵġ
׵üͷһ壬Լ˼һϡ漴ȴһڣ㿴ŵġ
ϣһ䣬жʱȵת
ʱ䣬âȻʢ˾Ŀ֮УֻһϵΪԲĵİ뾶֮⣬а˴΢漴ȻĿ֮У˵ɫâ漴˰˵Ӱ
ʲô֣ǿߣ⣬μҵ״˶ǿǰ
ˣʱһ
ʮһˣױˣѾʮˣЩԶǿߣȻڣȻֳ˰ǿߣһμҷǿߣȻǴﵽ˶ʮ𾪵֣⡭
޼˶ǵһУʱӿֳ˵ǡǿߡһһˣԵ
˵鶼ǳĿŵĿС
ǴӿиӣǿԷ֣˵ճǿλãĵļλ޼ҳϣǡγһŹ֮󣬽޼ҼλȫУףǡþ֮һ׵ĵطȴ֮⡭
ԪΪ󷨹оۣȻаۣȴҪߣʤΡʮǰħƼ֮еõԪĲоڵʱѾ׼ڴ֮УѰðԹߣΪۡʱʮأɡգ㿴Ԫ󣬾мŵ
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һüͷһ壬漴ȴ΢̧ͷʱ䣬һԪʱγһ֣λȫصĲʱڹڵλãͣ
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׵ʱһҲ¶һ˿Ȼ
ǲڸտʼдʱ콧ϴôֱΧɱһͷƷڵޣȻһȻԽԼԪ֮ѹס
ңŴʹõĻԣõڣȻˮԣѵ˾Ȼ˫ӵߣ
׽üͷ
ϢΪ󷨣Ϊ˸ۣԻΪۣԴﵽԪݡϢȻЧ󷨣ȷ
Ȼڴʱһƽȴ׵ݶʱһüͷȻƬ֮ȴЦ
һϼʶȻֻǼۣͿеİ󷨣ΣǹżЦʵ
ϧ󷨱ȴһȱݡ׵δأһϵٶȴõϵЦݣʱӲ
漴ߣ۾΢ɭȻ󣺡Ŷϴ
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ȻͨʮͣУѾʮֵĳ죡ţ˵ܻǱȲڵľԪȥ϶ҲǲԶ
ڣһԼʮصĲƪȻһȱݣ
Цǲŵġ
Ϸʥоʮ꣬ǵμ޼Ҵս֮ʱϷҲû뵽ʮ֮ĵһγ顭ǣҲҡ
һϵٶȵȻ֮ȴʣţ༰׶ʱüͷЩɻ
Сӣǲһȱݣûϵ㡣
ļȻһ֮ͻӿأ·һ˲䣬ҲǺȻһŵġˡ֮
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ֻһϵϣһһıɫԪȻɢ֮ɫֻ֣΢ӴʱһǡĲҽ֮
ϢϢʱ֮һ˿ţȻ͸ɫĹ֡ţ顱һ죬󷨣飡
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Զһ޼ҲȻɴ۾ȻƬ֮һ֮ϣʱǵͨ죡
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Ǿǿߣһ㱻һ˲ȫѪ֮һɶʱؿںȻŷһɺĸо˲䣬ӿ˵ķθ

ĻɢȻĻɢ֮󣬵ǵĿ⿴еʱһУȴȻֳˣһ˿𺧣
ʲʲô
ˣԼ۾
޼ҳǰǵĵѾʧȡ֮ģȴһλһ׾ϣϣɢâӣ
⣬⣡
仯˵롣޼ҵˣֻμҵĳǣһѾǴסˡ
쾳쾳Ǵ쾳ϣѾͻƵ˴쾳𣿣߳ϴĿŴϣͻȻɴ۾ΣΪ΢΢Ļ
˵֮Уо죬һһߡǡУһһԶ
ʶ߽֮ǰľ羡ԳΪ㡱Ϊ족ȻڵϡȻ֮㽫߾磬ͳΪ족
һΪ쾳Ϊ쾳Ϊ쾳Ϊ쾳ΪB쾳Ϊ쾳Ϊ쾳Ϊ쾳Ϊ쾳
֮ͨˣ꣬Ϊ۷壬ٻʮ꣬ǼޣȻֻҪ죬ʱͷһ죬Ϊ쾳ߣɴʮꡣﵽ쾳ǿߣٷһ꣡쾳ǿߣһһǧ꣡
֮Уھ쾳ߣҪķ롣֮䣬ɽתٵҲǵСûһبƳ
⣬Ҳ߲ͣеҪ
죬쾳壬ǿǣ顭ɹ쾳֮󣬱ʱԡϷͯ
߳ʵǿȻҲ쾳ڶѡǱǿһЩİ˳ϣҲ쾳۷Բѣڶ쾳ңԶȻһϣȻѾﵽ˵Ĵ쾳
֮УܴﵽһεģҲǲɣ


206 һ䣡ɱ
һȻǴ쾳Ϲ֣⣬⡭ܣܣ
ĿɿڴĿͽȻθߵһ׾ţɢһ£Ȼȴְƽ͵ĹϢһϡһɲŵȴǶʱ˷ŭ֮֮УݵĻص
϶ۿűҪ޼Ҵٲ֮ءȻ󣬾Ȼǹһ
ۣ׵ĿУһѪУĲʣ
㾡鱻˴ȣټ޼ңٵ֮Բ󣬹ŶԷ뿪Ϊŵ޼ҳΪһСһеһУ֮У
ȻۿżƻҪɹ޼ұҪٲ֮ء
ʣȴͻ
ҪŰƻһ޼˵ķһƣǵû˿ЧԷȥڶԷĿУⱾ޼ǧȫİƻȴǱ޼ɱһӡûдﵽԷĿģı˰ɳʳ
ţԼʮأרԸԷľԪڶԷУȻӵ޷ֲľ޴ȱݡŵδȫķ֮ʡɱƷ޵󷨣ȻӲĸƳˣ
ڣԷ¶ʵȻѾﵽ˵ش쾳Ŀֲأ⡭⡭
治˵ٰ֮ڣǲͻһεΪʲôΪʲôײʵţ˫Ŀȫĳ
ŭʡȻŭΣΣ
ԷᣬøߴΣֵ֤һ㡪Էӵд쾳ʵ͵ĳڣҲӵнµĶʮǿȫɱʵ
ޱȵƣһգ۵Ĺ򣬱ǻԽƣһϢ֮䣬յĴκ˱
ϣ˰ɣϹʵֲ̫ǲǶְ
ҧгݣ۲ʵʱһ߽ĶС
ʱһȻ漴ʱһвӹ֮ȴǱѹȥ˻Ƶɢ
˵仰תɵķӶ
֪ԼʧˡǺò׵Ļ˷ѵڿ»һЩμҳ䳤ϵҪ
֪ˡԼͲ̫࣬һƼЩ׳ոͲ֪Ϲֵǣôܡ
׵Уӹһ˿İ֮ɫһۡ
ȻϣȴûкҩԵġ
һϣġеʵҪɱ߳ϣ˳ϣʮһϻһ˻ԣδѵʮϣ֮ǰ뿪ݵˡֻҪһѣȥһϣҲԴ롣
ȫûбҪһģҲܸ޼ҼĴˣ
ȻƼңȴ޼ҵǧ޵ĸָߵؼֻᣬοϷŹ͸飬׽ʥõһϸ˽жȡЩ顣ºڸԹϷ֡
ǧ֮ǰ޼ҿ춼ҡ֮е֮ḻ춼֮ֻΪ޼ǳ󻪹ľǿߣ޶ؼȻǲ١
Ȼ޼ҶʥÿļأǳҪеõʲôмΪϸơ±飬Ҳδлʥö¥ϡոԵķеš
ȻºԽ֮Ҳǽһʥö¥Ҳ³¼ѧѧѾ¼μҵĵ֮ˡ
ƼȻҲǴǧ꣬ȻǧʱﶼǱ޼ԼμѹƣʶƼҵĵؾԵЩɬˡ֮Уûмѧ޼ǷѧضǶһǲö˵
ԣ飬ŵʱμƽ֡
飬˵ʵҲΪĶϾƷ׸ߵѧԴߵٶѾȣͬʱҲǳţԼľԪԶԸһֻΪβԣڲ֮ǰ̸һϡԵԷڰ֮ڣǲ̫ܻ쾳ġ
ҲΪβôһ仰ײһֱԷʵΪ쾳۷Բѡ
ȻľԪйɱƷ޵ľ飬ҵʱɱĻʮֵɡȻʮ㡣
֮ܽһɹɱôμ˵Ǽ󹦳μʲôô׵ģʧȥôǿߵ޼ңΪ󱲵ۣ±Ǵ򶼲μҴ
ҪҪƴðμҵȷʧһЩ˶ѡ֮㲼֣޼ҵǿǰԼţеġһý޼ȫĨɱ
һƼң
ƼҵʵͱμҪټôμҵͨƼҵܶμҶԶܡ޼μҪԸƼң֮ҪԷֽŶѣǸʱμң춼һң
ƣͬƼҵ顣ǣ˲ʱ䣬˿ڣԼ֮ʱ䣬ֶԸλһһϵе顭
ò˵Ҳǻ㾡һ쾳ĳ̶ȵĻֻ¹ȻҪƵģַضûУ
ϧν㲻㡭վһǱһʵǿʡνһ䡭ڣòˡ

ҲֻϣƼҵ˳ĶһЩѧӶһЩʧˡüͷ̾һпοš
һ˵Ȼʵϣȴǽֻһ˲ˡ
һϺȻѪɣٵɢݣ̶һ˲Ĺѡ
ףҲһһ֮
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һϵĮǿʼɱ֮ʣȴһߣƣͻȻ漴һգ

һͳƽ͵Ŀл³Ȼ󡭡
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һ֮֮䣬Ľ·춼Ҫ̤һķ
˵ɫڴʱǻȻɫ䣡
߳ϵˣǵɴ۾·Ҫɳۿ
ֻһز֮Щɱ׼ҪɢӴܵμҷǿߣһʱű֮ʱ̬ȫֹ˵أмڶҲֹ˿С
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߳ĿɿڴĿǰһĻȻ˵ǡӡǰɣɽӡӦǵѧô
˳ҲͬЩĿɿڴĿǰһĻԶԡ
ӡ޼ұȽϳļѧ֮һΪ˹ΪףȻЧʵãʹÿݡʶȻΪ˲ٳѧ֮ʱѡϾһʿסͬȼߵĹǷǳѵõġ
Ȼ⹦ǵ似һΣֻһضĿꡭȻһһϵУⵥ幥似ȻǱȺ似⣬⡭
˶Щɵˡ
Ȼһϵı飬ȻԵЩ絭ᡣƽ͵Ŀһ֮󣬽յȭͷһᣬ漴ǰһ
ļȻؾʮǿߣһԶѪɫʧģͬεĸǰ
һϡϴԴС𣿡
ڣ˶һϵĸǰףֱӵһǰ
ɫ԰׵ĸһڿˮһƽ͵ݣͷȴ̲ס
һϿһۣƽ˵޼춼ǧ֮࣬Ϊ춼һңȻӲйκһΪ̬ȣΪ޼Һ۰ɣգϮǿǽ޼Ժ˼ɵĺݺݲ˵ϡ˵޼Ҵǧ衣裬ҪμŵѪϴ㣬ǵһ
һϵȻûжķŭ棬ƽƽ͡·ֻ˵һƽ顣
Ȼ׵˵ɫһ˲û˿Ѫɫ
㲻ɱң㲻ܣɱң治Ź޼ң޼ҽμΪı׶ʱˡþȫԪҪɢ壬ȫ޷Ŀռ䡣Ȼȴ֮ͽ޹
ԣԣ㣬ҲɱңɱǣƼͬŹ޼ңͬΪķʽ޼ҵģһƼҵĳϣͬҲǻˡ֮ҲǺȻеĻ֣̿ȴƭˡ
βԣ죿ǲ˵Ҳȥǵġ޼䴫ңȴΪغ񣬲Ϊһ˽ѹܱ߼塭μƼڵ꣬Ҳǿǿ޼ңųɳȻᣬ˼֪ͼҲˣҪ𱨡˵оǻ죿ȼ壬֮ˣ
һķһ䣬ȻҡҡͷѾԷϻȭʱ
бӡץסˣӦֻһɾ޴ޱȵͻȻ߳強ѹֻ˲䣬·ķζҪѹ˳һ㣡
ޣǰңҵֻҿѡ˴μƻԶμƼҹģֻǰӦѡǰ˴ҵһ·ҵȡպԸ޼һ࣬Ϊ޼Ұǰ󣬸𣡻룬ǰҵһ·Ȼڴʱȴ˴İôʱǱ֪Ѿվǰˡ
䳤ϣϸ˵ȷǲҵˡǰҲΪҵԭ򡭡һԸ⣬ŹǣҲ޲ɡ
һһۣ漴ƽκ£ҪһЩ۵ġǾҵʱǱѾվ޼ҵĶ档ԣǸ
䣬һϵƣʱս
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ֻһ˶ĵĴ̶֮֮Ƕʮǿߣһ˲䡪
ǼλϣԶ޼ˣڴʱһ
һУֻһжѣʮǿߣһжûü̼䣬ȥˡ
⣬һʵ
⣬Ǵ쾳𣿡ֻ߳еĻ㱸С
顭
صĳһϣѾջơǰʮҵĳ䳤ϡһ⡣
һϲͷһǰйѾѣͬʱԶǱİ˷飬Ѿ˵ϵס
֮̾һҡҡͷ˼ϡ
ȻŤͷԶȻɵɵվڵأûдʤ֮лع޼ǡ
֣Щʰһ°ɡǵϣӦһЩõϵĶġ
һϵ޼ҵȴһȻ֮ǵ񽥽ı󣬶ʱ˷ܣ
ҵ飡ҪûԸμңֻϳ֣ȫɱʹ죡ʹ죡
ҵĳϱͲ࣬˴˶ʮλбаǿ䳤ϣҲʮλҵģҪ޼Σѣû뵽ݽȥġȴԼ
ûǴʱ꣡ǵһϵĻԡԣԣȻμ֮ˣμңڰ֮ǰѾʼ޼ңʱգμҲ޼ʳѰ


207 һϵѪӥ
ûμҲ޼ңʳѰ
ʣһ壬һڰǰͿʼԼļԼߣĪ˵μΪʧȥ׵쳤ϣûʧȥ޼ҵ֪Էƣ֪ԵݣҲҪμҲݣ
ֻΪμҵΪѾ׵׵Ľ޼ҼŭΪѾ޼ҵĵߣ
һʱ䣬޼ҵ˶ͨӣŭ
һϾĿԶͣŵˣƽ΢˸ȴǳĬš
޼ڽͷļ˷ܷйһ֮ǽƽ漴˶Χ˹֣һӡʰʮǿߵʬ

߳ϿУ֮󣬳³һ֮ϣǸֳһ˿Цݡ
һ죬߳ôΪһ졣Խսǣԡ塱ɣȻжʮǿߡһδƽһ
߳һΪ޼ҵ漴ٲ֮ءȻ֮Īǡڿƾ֮ʣָһ
Σݼʱ֪ͨ˴ϣĻǲ밡
˳ϳ³һ֮󣬿ڸп˵
ݡû뵽¼ȻⱳĻǵıЩ꣬Ҳܵί޼иḸӰ
߳ԣ֮ϵɣҲǽȥ¶˼ɬ
ӣ۷ּһǵϵʸ޼Һĵ棬ȻȱݡԺⷽ棬ȻҪˡһѾˡɲٳֵڶ顭˳ϸ̾˵
߳ʮһϾԶǵ˵ͷ
ʮһϵ֮ϸ¶˼ҧгݵĵΣҪȫˣҪ붼֮ǰҪսȶ֮壬࣬ʼǸǻ
޼ЩȷЩ̫ˣ˴ʧСȫǵĺʱ¼겻ãȴҪӳ顭ֹԷǽ˳ϵͷͬ漴ü
Ȼδ֪Լ飬䷢ȷһ̶һЩ䲻ЧӳԶȴϲߡ
ǿܶһɶƻ޼ҵĳʵ̫ˡԣһʱĳ䲻ⲢԸúõһȫ֮ߣȷԷһ򾡣֮ߡ
²ȼϵѹ֮Ҳǲ١Щ֮а޼ҵߣȴҪĴС򡭡
߳üͷ֮˵
λͬĵ˵ͷ
Ȼ֪Աμ֮ˣôֻҪеӵ˶ĵ˱ȻеְȨ˲ٵ޼֮У޼˵ȴǲʱըʱбըĿܣ
һνѵȻҪȡ
λϣüͷ
Ȱǵãɡ
һһֱδ˵һϣƽ͵˵
λüͷĳ΢һ㶣漴һۣ¶˼ֿЦǣȷЩˡ
ˣϡأ
ʮһҿ˿֮ͻȻ֣Ӹղſʼֻһһ˻ˡȻȴǲΡȥʲôطˣ
λҲһ㶣һϡ
һ΢¶һЦݣЦʥˡ
ʥã
λϣ¶ɻɫ

ʥãľСͷ֮ʥС¥Ŀյ֮
˴ȴһƬǽ塣ľ״Ϊҵʬ壬˵ĵڵϡΧвٵʥûʰŲо֡
֮ĲδͣЪȻ˴һս
ݣʱȴվڳУ۾ȴǴżĽİͷʥø¥֮絶һ֮ڣȻҰһ졭
ʵǱҪĶ˰û뵽ͷ󣬱Ȼôǿ
амĽš
۾һܣֻԭĵѾǹѴյص֮УһƬǽ塣ľѵ֦⡭⣬ͷֵһ˲ɵƻ
ݲ֮ǰһĻ
֮ǰһͬʱȥģڸոշӵڵʱ򣬱һϵĴʥ֮Сһ֮һϱǸ֪Եɡ
һϺεʵһ֮£ʮǿ߶˲仯࡭ԣһ뿪֮󣬱ͷĹϢڵʱѾǶϤ׵뷨ʶ֪ͨݡ
ȻȻ֪ݲЩ˵Ķֵġ£Ȼԭġ
һ棬ݱǸȥˣ£ҲﲻʲôæϾԷԶǽ֮ǿߡݲѡִ棬޼İܣݵȻǰﲻʲôæʥ֮УȻΪ˱ʮߣ֪ݵǱһ־޴ˡ
һ棬Ҫݰһ¡
±ǡٻ
һϣΪ쾳۷ǿߣȻġȻʵҲǲ£ҲĶȥһϽʱ䶼ʥ֮жȹģȻҲǸ
ûʥø¥֮Ǹƶ˵ľ֮ϣڸƶˣҪٻһϵҲֻǿ߲ĵˡ
ǣݰһϵ±֮£Ԫ֮ӳһϽķʽ
ʱһͷޣ
ֻһۣݱ֪޵ʵҪǿĶ࣡޲뵱ǻҰ֮ε񡱲СͨɫȻȴͨɫһ缦һĹͷһƼĺɫëڹͷ֮Ӷֱֱ쵽ıϡԵúһ
ɫΪ߰ݴһϴȴ֪ǾͨԵġĶ˵
ҲǲҵĽԵ˵һ顭ȻҲͬһ㣬һ֮󣬱Ƕݵ˵ߡ
ȻݺĹ۲Ŀ֮Уʱš֮ĵӰǴڴ˽ִ˴ȻԴʱ򣬶ʱһߵʱ˶ʱһѪӥ񣿣ȻҪ롣
Ȼ𾪵һĻǷˡֻͻȻһŻӰݶûзӦʱ򣬱ˡȻҲǶʱֿһʱزҲ𣬾޴ǽѹƬƬ顭
ûáٶȿľˣֻȻৡļ˺Ѱ춯֮󡭡ˣʱ˵ϡ
ȻĿɿڴ֮Уһɳ죬뿪ˡ
ȵ뿪֮ԭصǿߣǡۡһ죬϶Ƕ˺ᣡѪʱȻȻءȻˣ
һĻ˶ˡݡ
ݿǿйֵȻ֪ǿһǿᡭȻڣ棬ǿûбͱΪѪӥֱɱ⡰Ѫӥ񡱣Ʒ׵ް
ʱ֮ݲųһʰȻԼ̧ͷ¡

үʰϡЩֻõ˼ö֪ҩԼһƱ
ݻڸпţһȴݲŤͷ˶Է
ˣǵʱ֮ͨ⣬ԤҪµʥûͷߣ
ͷߵıû֮ǰĮݵзǴ˼η
Ԫ֮ӳٻǡѪӥ񡱵ʱǿеġʱԷɢϢǿľʱףԼղŶһĥ޴ˡ
ʥûݹȻΪȻͨ޼ҵڶǲɫȷ١ȴ켶ǿߣȻвͬ
⣬˴¼ݣҪΪ޼ʷһλˡ
֮ǰͷ߲Է˵Ѿ֪˫Ĳ࣬Ȼǲҵˡ
ͷ߱鹧˫֡˫֮ϣűĵҩԼһƱݡ
üʰһԼ飬漴ҩƱ˹ȥ
ǿߣǸͰ
ÿһƱǧƱвЩֹšǶűҲƣõҲǧࡣȻǿѳģÿһţǧôһֹֻ
ǿ߶һָˡ
ҡҡͷֽ֮ĿͶǼöҩһŷڱǶᣬȴüų֮⣬Ųζ
Ͳ֪ЩҩǼƷҩЩʲôЧˡ
֪ݱ¶˼ΡԼ֪̫ϡˡ
ӣ¼ԼҪúõĶһһЩʶԵĶˡ򣬶綼˽⣬̸ʲô̤۷˷ЦĻ
ݰ̾ҡҡͷֽҩƱԼĻСֿ˿֮һ漴˵ˡ鷳ʰһ뿪ˡ
ǡʥû΢˵һԡ
ݵ˵ͷתλζ֮󣬱ʧΡ
Ҳ֪ξˡ
ݷӶȴЩǡ
Ȼǹ鵣ǣʵҲЩԤСֻЩһһϵĶ֡ôʱ䣬ҪнѾˡʥãԷȻܷŹġ
ϾԿͽݿɲûи֪Էʥõ¡
һ˵޼ʥõջǿ֪ġǴ˴μҲ㽫޼ұƵ̫ʥãӦǲŹġ
ôʱ䣬׵δˡ
ż˼ݵΣʧһʥû֮С
̫̬ˡʮǿߣʵһô꣬ǵһ˵
ǰᵱʱ㹻̬ˣû뵽ӣҪ̬
Ǳ̬ӵ֮ǲװȻӲǶšͷΣֱȥӵһʵ֮󷽲űСС֮ͣƵϡɲ֣
ǰ
ʥõĻ̸
ͷ΢һüͷ漴ڵˣҪ˵ˣЩɨһ°ɡȻȥ濴Ҳ֪սˡ
˵ţͷߵı˼ǡ
İɣȻ϶ǳˣȻǲµġȴŵ˵
ͷٶüȻ漴Ҳ˵ͷ
޼ҴһЩл֮ӴʥûУǿǲܵĴڡ

ݻصԸۡǰս֮ǰʱģһƬæµľ
޼Ƿ׷״ɨŴս֮һƬǽĳءսĵλãʮ߽ӽʮʬ壬ȴİڷš޼ˣϷʲô
һ㶣Ȼɴ۾һ


208 һ䣬ݵҪ
ЩˣǸղŵȺǿô
ݵɴ۾𾪡
Ȼ뵽ϱȻԽ˴޼ҵĽѣȴôҲû뵽ô̵ʱȻǽЩǿȫɱˣ
𾪵ĿǰһĻԴȫһƬհס
δ֮ʱΪ֮ѾǽһĸߵĲ档ȻĽ֮ݷ֪Ȼֻһֻ׵ܣ
Σ飬ۣϣ߳ϣ˳ϣʮһϡһһǿ߽Щ˵ʵڵԵ£Ľɱ
ȻڣǰȴнӽʮӵɵĽɱǿǿߵʬ壡
ôģ
붼룬ݱ֪Ȼһϵֱʣ
ôһָжǿ᣿
ݼֱѾЩ޷󡭡
վԭ֮ݲų³һ̧ųȥ

ս֮ϣλ϶ԭء
˵ңʥ֮еĵأ
һϽȥ˵֮ʮһ϶ʱŭЪĵɴ۾
ҲϾ޼ҵĵر֮ҼҪΪ죬Ҳ֮еġ߳ϵסȻ׹ףͬҲǼΪ˭֪Լеıﱻ죬ŭɣ
ѹ֡һʱ䣬Ȼ󻹹뿪ȥϡ뷨ɽ״˵˼Ȼ߳üͷ֮󣬳³һƳһ۲ԶѾȫ˵׵ʬ塣
ӣ֮ǰֳļƣȴǡ
ҺôӵСѪӥΪ飬顭Ŷ鸸ӲǺҲ᷸ȴˡ˳ü˵
һϽʥѾоʮӽʱ䣬֮ǰѾȥˡһϵ£ȻҲǺȻ뷽跨ĴһϿ˵޼˵һϻڳ϶ǼΪ磬ƽʱҲ̸ϼޡʶȻǲ֪ûˡ
ʵձ֣ڳ϶ûһΪ桱ġֻһʵδȢ²á˲Ը˶ĳƺԽģϡĳƺҲһֱˡ
⡮Ѫӥ񡯸϶꣬ͨ飬ʵǴﵽ쾳ڡײ֪£ʥõ˶Ȼࡣʥõ¡߳ϵ˵ͷ֮˵
һο˱ǮǵμڼеǿߣƼڼеĳԼϵĵĿ䳤ϣǱԣһʮǿߵĳ飡󲿷ֵԸе޼ڳϣǲʥõˣȻǲˡ
ϧǱŽԷٲص뷨󣬾ȻǱԷɱˡ
㾡˻أΨдһϵʵֱǽȻͬɿһ硭
ھԵǰеıƣֻһЦѣ
ףݻˡ
ڴʱʮһϵͻȻλ΢һ㶣ŤͷȥȻԶѾ˹
ݡ
ݡ
߳˳ϵ϶¶һ˿п
մ׵ĿУѾ֪˵飬ʵֻҵһıѡӦ֮£ġԡʵձᣬ޼ҳ˾޴ʧ
֮ʮʱ޼Ȼڵս֮еıʹУĶݣ̸ʲôáһЩĶūҲҼڽһ
Ȼ񣬴ײ޷μҵҸ֪޼ҡֻµԸӵݣȻ޼ҵĳһ̳ˡμҵĹƣ˵ͽʮ֮óѡ
ڽգݽʥ֮һϣ޼Դս֮һΣ
ȻкܴԵΪ׿Ϊ֮ڵʱ޼ҳݶǲ֪ġ£Ȼѡվ޼һ棬μ֮˵С
۴¼жٵΣԣٶԷΪüλ
޼˴ݣȻȴδޡƬ޼ҵģȴж
λһ֮УһЩ

ݼλϡ
ߵλϸǰʱ򣬱ջ˷ŴܵĿ⣬΢˵
ݡ߳Цŵ˵ͷߵİ˳ʮһϣҲǺЦ⿴
һأμҵˣ
ݲʡĿ⿴һۣǿһϡ⡰һϡȴ֮ǰߣһĿӡֻһۣȴǸоԷЩİû뵽һ
ߣӡУֶĲࣿݲδ֮ǰĴսȻһۿġ
ʥڣѾ˰ɣ
ݺĴܣҪҵһϵεʱİӣȴ¶һ˿Цݣ漴ƽ͵Ŀѯʵ
ݶʱһ㶣ȻĿİӡ
ȻݵУʵͨϵʵҲ߲ҵӡ
ǿԷƽ΢ЦģȴǹĸоԷЩϤ
ݴ˰죬ȴҲʲôЩɻĵǡ
㲻һôһϰ
ʮһϴЦȴȴݣʱɴ۾
ʲʲôһϣ
ݣҲ仰һԲ˫ۣȻЩš
ģһЦн
һʲôݣʮһϿһЦ
ȷǴϡѾе˴쾳ⷵϷͯǴ쾳ı־֮һ
߳Ͽݴ㵵ı飬Ц˳˵
£֮ϵĴ㵣𾪣
´һϡԷı仯ʵǵ߸һЩ֪ˡ
֮ݲų³һݣһϡ
һ¶Цݣ˵ͷҲδʲôŤͷ˿֮˵˼ˣҾȻʥˡڶԸҵ飬ҲؼһʱȽãȻںúüһɡ
ǡ
߳ϵλϻһ֮󣬱Ӧ
һϵ˵ͷת߳˼֮ȴ๻ݣˣ죬ûһ칦ɣʱʥһˣѡһЩʵĹɡ
һ㶣漴۾ʱ
ڣѾЩѧʲôˡȱٵģ칦
æϲǡ
һźǺһЦת߳Ĳ죬ȻȴǹƬ֮Ѿʧˡ

ĿһϱӰʧ֮󣬷ջĿ⡣
Уֻʣλˡ
ݿ˿ܣѾһ䣬Ҳˡ
ǿ˵˼ˣݱиˡ˵ţ΢֣Ǵ뿪
ĵ׶ԣݶ޼һûٺøеġֻ֮бϾ޼ҵѪûкøСڽ֮£ҲȻֶȥġ
ѾһˣȻҲûмıҪˡ
ݡ
߳ϵȴͻȻ
Ѿתȥݣȴһ£漴Ťͷ߳ϡ
߳ϻ£
աˡ
߳һʱҲ֪öԶԷ˵ʲôֻ֮̾һ˵
΢漴ҡҡͷأҲ޼ѪӦġ
֪Щ޼ҿ㡭ʲôҪӦˡ߳Ͽݣϵ˵
ûֻҪ޼ģһɡ˳ҲһԿ˵飬Ҳϡ
ȴΪ֮һ㶣Ȼһ֮ȴҡҡͷ
Ѿˣͬʱôᡣ޼ҵĵλȻҲǴͬˡ
ǰЩϿܻԼ˵
ҡͷšүļ֮УȫǱڡЩҲݵļ䡣
һݱʹȻܾ
Ȼͻһ㶣뵽ʲô΢Ƭ֮˵Ȼ߳˵ˣҲ󡭡߳ϣ֪ʲôӵ֫˫ĿĹЧģУܲܵõ
֫˫Ŀ߳һ㶣漴üͷ
Ƭ֮󣬱¶˼ε֫˫Ŀ֮ûСʥõĵ伮֮УҲصġֻЩƷһǼ亱ŵرܣҲֻǸܰˡ޼ңҪõҲǷǳѵġ߳Ͽε˵ţȻȴǰ̾ݣȻ֮
ѰҴΪ˴
ݵĸͲ˵ˣͶݣȴֺôҲûõʧȥһһĿҲǰЩס
ݱһˣ˭ãȻϡݸߵͣͬģ˭Ҳǡͬԡ
߳ϵĻҲδݵϡֻȷĸ֪ʱҲ˼ʧ
߳Ͽݵı飬¶ʧɫ֮󣬲ü漴ٶȿڵ޼ҿԳһ¡ûЧȴҲǲұ֤
΢һ㶣漴߳Ҳ˼ֺøУ˵ͷȻˣͷ߳϶ˡ
ɻҪ󣿡߳ٴʵ
֮ҡҡͷͷûҪˡûµĻ͸ˡ
˵ţ΢֣ת뿪
һΣλϣû
ݵһ֮ˡǱ̴ֻһССŮѣȴġ
Ŀ뿪֮ʮһϱ̾˵
ȷǱ̴ȻֻһŮȴǴСݸ󡭡Ҳǿġǿ֫˫ĿҩɾԶƷϵʥƷҪõɲһ׵¡˳̾һ漴ȴü˵
ǿǷḸ̫ˣѹʣΨһܱǸģҲֻжݺһЩˡңʮ꣬Ѿﵽ֮˵ã޼ңҪܷչ׳󡭡Ҫ󣬲ܵ߳üͷ˵±ʹȥ߶ԵƷз֡ϧۣҲҪõ
˳ʮһ΢һ㶣漴ǵ˵ͷ˵Ŀ⣬Χ˹ȥ

ǿߵƻ֮Զ˵һսս֮ѾһƬ档Ṵ̃ԾĻڷӣֱֱա֮ϵ״ĹѣСǳĿӶսΪԲ׵ķΧٽļԺ䣬ѾֻʣһЩбߡ
޼ڡͳֵĴ£ʰŲо֡
ȹѵϲʰоֵĹ֮УѾʧӰ٣޼˵֮ϣ¶˱顣
һ߾˵ʬҵʯ֮У֮±̧˳ǣ඼ѾյҲ̶áϣѾԷֱǰò
һЩѹŵʹ֮


209 ߸
ųߵݣѭ˹ȥȻ漴֮ȴ¶һЩĬȻ֮ɫ
ԭ֪ʲôʱһЩҾѾս֮ϡǰͬһսԼӷ̧֮ʬʱһʱס졣Ȼ󣬱Ǳ˹ȥ
Щ˶֮ʱǰӶɱˡǴ඼Ѿյͨ役ڣЩѾһ̯ңȫѾֱ治ǰò
ЩҾҲ̲ס
޼ңһ塣еˣԼˡȻ̫֮Ҳ裬Ͼˣ˲ģһʱȻⱯѹֵĿ
һѹֵսءݴд֮ϣҲֳ̾
Ȼ޼ûʲôøУʱȻܸоЩı֮ɫݣϾҲʯĳ֮ˣܵӰ죬Ҳǿġ
үү
ڴʱһȴͻأһ㶣ѭȥ

Ⱥ֮Уһºñˣʱ˹һֱֻۿտյȻѾˡһ˫۾еۣҲһɫƬڡʧȥһһĿ
үû¶ɣ
ܵݵĸǰ¶ĵѯʵ
ѾһˣʵԶսʱѾˡֻʱսȻܳȥԣǿŽ¼ȫ̵Ա֮һݵĹϵȻǰܡҪ֪Χɴ󲿷ֶ޼ҵĵϵүүǣֻһūͶѣǵ˭ŭĻеܵġ
֮ǰʧһʱ䣬ˡǲȥѯʼλԵɡλºû뿪ҲԶĵȴšֱݳ֣۾ʱһǲҹȥȣһֱȵ뿪ӭ
һͿǲѪգʱ̲סѯһ
ȴǸпࡣŶԷкڵĹػ֮ɫͷҲ΢һů
¶һ˿Цݣݿ˿ңŵû¡Ȼȥ˵ɡ
ԣ΢һ㶣漴Ҳûж˵˵ͷǴݣһȥ

̡ðɣ
ľС·֮ϣսϵüΪвǰ棬λĵط
ţ˷үϴû軨֮⣬ȴǺࡣү˴һķû¶һ£ҲӲࡣ
ݵѯʣǹصеĶүȻָ˫ˡ
ԣҲ࣬˵ͷŤͷһ֮ЦҲ軨ɣѾĲˡС
Ҳ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫЦͷүĸ
ʲôʮˣҲе㡣ΪһҲǵĲ㵽ĳ̶ˡû뵽˴εøΪһסٶȺܿ졣Ŷ̶һ£һȽסȻĻˡ
иݿһ֮ȴ¶һ˿Ц
漴һ
ңһۻָġȻʱҪһЩһġ
˵ֱ꣬˳ȥȴǻһ²ͣɵɵĿݵıӰЩ֪ηӦ
ϼ޼еūͣĸǰ޼ҵĸܹ֮һ
ȻڵǳҵĴս֮Уȴʧڵʱֻʮѡ
ʶս󣬻һӵȻܽ丸λáԣǴ򱻵˳ȥϽԵһЩūְ͡λȻûְȨȴΪɣҲǲ١ܰĵȥȵһʱ֮ΪƬܹܣҲҲ޼Ҷ׵һ
ţ˵ȴΪʡ
׻ڵʱЩܹҿ߶Ƶ壬ǸģǶչмѡȻһͱԵ֮ƽʱ͵岮һҲͻȻ֮İˡʱʮѣУȴѾϵůĪˡ
Сλ΢ȴһΪưġĵǲңѵһҪȥǲɣ
ʮȥˣȻֻһԵܣ·ЩǣѾˡ
ҲгλԵɡ
ҪλȻ磬ַֻԼĵλһԼǿߡڶĳһǿߣ
޶ۣԼȻ㹻ŬΪ˵ԼŬ͹ģҪʡʲ£ҪԴȻΪһ޼ūͣʲôطõЩԴ
ԣֻѡĳǿߣǿߵԼĵλ
ǣĵλ΢ܽӴǿߣ޳ڽӴǿ֮ǿ߽֮ߣһ
ֱݵʣ֪ԼĻˣ
ǣһʱ˾ΪݵҪڷԼΣȥ˱ˡ
֮ɹˡ
ɹ˴ʮλãΪ޼ҵϵүܹۡܣ޼ҵԽҲŵĳ
ЩѾİ˵岮ǣٶȵãԺǵԽľסԺ൱ڰүһĵλʱЩһ¶۵ɫ
⣬ݳɳ˳ĻݽԽԽˮǴߣΪǿߵˣ»òʲôô
Щ岮Ľı飬һֵСΪѾˡ޼ҡū͵ķ롣Ҳ˵Ȼ޼ˣ޸֮УݣԼһɵϵү֮⣬޼ܹҲƽƽġٸ
Ҫ֪һȼɭϵ硣ūū֮䣬ȼһЩǱǸһЩߵȼܹūǣȨһ͵ȼū͵˵ͼūû˿ȨҲǺţΪū͵ģһϣԼһܸһؿκ˶ϥ񣿱ϾūҲˡԣЩְȨܹǣҲ۲ѡٶ
ڰԵ֮࣬ȴҲûǣһУЩūܹǵ𾴣ݸġԣҲܸݶԽģһЩϲŭɫĳЩ岮ǴЦģüĸо
ȻҲ֪ŵĳɳ·۵ģȻҪݣڻѾʧȥ˺ܶġϡô;Բ׷߱ѶԷ
һжѹݵϣԼĿ۹ⲻүֱ֮ˡ
֮飬ͺˡ
֮ĽӽһʱԴҲС̷š̱ҲǴ֮ҲܵͬԴһĺػ
ܷ֮һĳϦദȻ˼һˡԣŶҪ˺̵ʱ붼ûǰձһȣȥһĿ
ʱҲоЩ˼顭ΪһϸˣԼ˺ֵ
ȻԼܶ飬òϡʱٵһΣȻյѡ񡭡
뷨ȴȻˡԣӣȻȫȫ̷ŶԷԼҲ˲з֮
ڣѶһʱҲûѡ뿪
ڣһǰƴݴ軨̷ֱˡ
⣬ݴõĳϡ֮һô
ʱúͳֹͣ˺ܾõĵ㾳磡֮һʵ˵ĲڡѾﵽĲ۷Բˣ
ȣһһĿʲô
ԣȻӵġԵյ֪ݻعϢ֮һʱϵ
ȻڣݾȻԴżεɫԼ˵ҪԼֱָ۾ܲж᣿
ֻһūͶѣݣȴѾﵽ켶ģž޵ţ޼ĵϵүԷȻܶ˵һ仰һүһˡʲôģ
ȵգãŻҵķӦˮ첽׷ǰݡ
һ·޻š߸󡱼ȥ

߸ޱƵ˵һ㣬ȻڰϱȲϡԺȻڻģɫ棬ȴǱȡԺʢһ
ŸţһŨĻӭõ˾ʱΪ֮һ⡰߸󡱱ͬһ̺׻ӵ֮нķһ㣬вֵĻ䣬Ժ
⡰߸ҲǵһȻҲᳵ·
ȻŸո߽ţһ㶡֮УвվͥԺ棬·ڵȴʲôݶһһ㵡ЩūŮкЩ˼Ϊ졭ԺūŮ
һ֮ȴΪж
ԴϢġԺȻҪջصġȻЩūŮȴ̷˴нӽһ꣬Ѿ˸顣Ҳϰǵķ̡óȻˣ鷽Ȼǹȥġ
û뵽ޱƷǵ˴ūŮǱ˹
˶ʮ˳Է͵ڶһĿ֧޼ҸÿԺĲ֮⣬ޱƻҪ֧һֵģ֧š߸󡱵ճ
ǮݿĲǺءҪģݸ顭
ЩǰһòĽŮص߶ţСǼ뵣ǡ
ֱ߽˴ţ΢һ㶣̧ͷȻſڵʱһ㶣漴ʱɴ۾ϲĻүˣû¶ɣ˵ţ˹
ȻޱƵŮˡһݽʱһɨü֮ļ뵣ǣĻϲɫ
Ҿ֪үһ¶ģںˣû¶û¶ˡϲЦ
໶ϲݵҲ֮ǰǳսѹ֮룬
ǰѾû¶ˡԸѾˣ޼ңûе֮ˡ
Уš漴³һϣҲ¶˿ĵЦݡ
ӴԽڣҲֻΪ˵İɣʵҲԳˣû˻ڱʹʲôıˡҲ֮ǰǸԱ֮ûеˡ
ʮ졭붼ǿֲֻҪݲȥǱˣֻ±˶ôܻ
ϾһˣֻǸ϶˯ŵġԵĽǰڣ˶֪޼ҵĵڶʮүݣһƢˡ
ү
ֱ¶ЦݣǰһȺūŮź˳ۿ֮Уʱᡭ
ϣϽū͵˿ˣѾˡһˣһүǵĸ֣˭ҲԸʧȥ⣬ҲҪԭ򡭡
ҲŮθŮūǽǶ˸ġ
ʵЩŮūĺܼ򵥡һ£һĹػһءȫ㡣ڣΪȥƴ


210 ݵһ
Ŀɨǣ漴¶һЦݣ˵ͷʱЩūŮ۾
ͷһеʵأ
ڷЪϢءİɣûиѾϢһǾϲأЦ˵
ԣ˵ͷ漴һԺȥԼһūͣŮҲæȥ

߹ССˮ鿣һµʯţǽԺ
ūŮĴӵ£˴֮ǰ
ūͣŮǣԾڴͣݣߵ˷ſڡ
ڷſ΢ͣһ£һ漴˽ȥ
ڼΪľ㱻΢ͣӴƮȻһһԶǻ֮У˲Ϊ֮һĿ
װҲЩ򵥣ǽ֮ϼ׺һЩ黭ұڣʹһ֮Сڷ봦Բ룬ڷ˼ݲʶõĻһ࣬ڵ¯ȼµ̴㡣
ڷһĴ֮ϣ̣桭
ݵĿ⣬ڽӴ̵ʱ򣬱ļȻһ漴¶Ȼ֮ɫ
漴ȴЩοΪ軨Ĺϵ̲ȱ֫ȻδɫȴǺࡣһ֮£ݱǿϣȻӵһҵĳ̶ȡȻޱƲδƭ
𣿻
ݲδԼϢ֮ҲĴ󡣴ϵĴȻţʵȴδ˯šȻѯһ
̵ݻعһ֮˹ȥ̵ߡ
֣ס˴̵һֻ֡
̵ɫͻһƬ֮֮ϵͻȻ촽ҲŲ
㣬үү
ݵУʱļȻһ
Ȼֻƾһֻ֣ͷֱԼ
ݵۿҲʱʪ˻˵ҡ̡һˡ
ү
̵˫֣ʱסݡˮʱǰİɴȾʪ
ݵĸȻǲ˵˼ĳȻҲʮָˡ⣬͵͵ĳŷ͵Ҳ˼顣ѾͷܿĲȥȻת뿪ȥȥˡ
봺ڴ̵ķУҲһ磬̷Űĵ˯Ϣ
ϾôصˣȻ軨ɫ࣬Ͼ޷볣˱ȽϾġݻΪ֮һ񣬶üһ˿ҲʧӰ˵һ󻰣֪Էް֮Ҳͷ˯ȥˡ
ݿŴ̳˯ģ¶һ˿Ц⡣֮һһ˿ᶨ漴ת뿪˷䡭
֮ݱ˹ͬһ͡
ϯ䣬ݲѯյսڵǶʱǷʲô¡ȻҲ֪޲ԣ޲˵
ȻֻǺһʣȴҲ
飬Ȼμ֮ˣμͼı޼ңȻԳ֮ãġסᵱ꣬Ǳݺ
һ֮£Ȼʥõ̶̼ʮ֮ڣڣ
ɫҲ֮Уİȥ
֦ͷ

ԹͣݱǱרΪ׼ķ䴦
ԺȻԺ䣬ϾѾˣݵҲûмҪȥ
ʵ϶ݶԡǡԺʵҲֻһסѡ̸ʲôҡĸоʲôط˯ƺһġ
үúϢҾˡҪʲôԸֱкһˡЦ˵ΪޱƵĹϵǰͦүҲкøС
šЦŵ˵ͷЦһת뿪ˡ
Ŀ뿪̧֮ͷաü֮䣬¶˼ֳ˼
շһУҲҪһʱһ¡
ɫ»޸ݶߣԼҲ֮һ졭
ⷽǴռս֮
ǱƻΪأһЩطôûʰãҲڲδݵϡ
һ֮ݱת˷䡭
˫ûһ֮󣬵Ҳ֮СϾԴ޼Ҷ꣬Ȼǰ˲СڻһЩΪصƻζһжѾֹ˫Ϊ޼ҵڶ곤ߣڼһɳϾԶ˲ڳʱȻҪִֵġȻҲûʱˡ

ڴϣһϥת˹ģȫƽˮ
ϰһս֮ܽᣬ˴ΣȻҲû⡭
һս˵ȴջΪ
飬ۣϣ߳ϣ˳ϣʮһϡȵȵȵȣЩǿߵĹֶΣν廨ţĿϾӵĸо
Դ֪֮еһ۷塣ʵϣֻһµѣ
⾳֮ϣʤǿߣ
˼֮ݳ³һ˸
񣬸Ǽƻһһжˡ
佣ǱҪȥġȻ޼ҿȥƺвٵѧ㹻Сǡ޼ֻ춼ĴҶѣ۴Ӹԣ佣ڶͬһΡң쳵ԲΪǰ佣ڣǿ໥ӡ֤֮ᣬȻܷŹȻҲ˵ֻҪǰʶԼšδ̸ʱ䡣ԣ£Իһ
ǽԼʲôأ
üͷ漴аİԼһʱҪֱȽϼ¡
޼ҵսӦùñҪչӦֲҳֵġϾֻһѡȻȥʵʵЩѾܳʱϼһǣʵһβ࡭ԣгϣӦǲᰲҳֵġ
š
⵹԰ʵǰ
ݲ죬ԸߣȻɼ򵥡ǿߣȴЩˡ
ֻҪǴ½ϵˣͶʲô
Ժ󣬺пҪ߾Ĵڣʣǽ죬죬ڸҲ˵
һ죬ǿʲô
˵ﵽ̶ֳȡôƾһˣ޼ұʸͬ󻪹ֱӶԻڶԻ֮лռžԵ
Ǹʱ޼ҵֽʲôı仯
󻪹еǰͽ޼ңڽҪǿɣҲ޼ʾã޼ңΪһǿߣһٳΪ󻪹Ȼļ壡ԣ
ôһˡһȷԷӵһ֮ʱ򣬽֮ս֮ȥ
ս֮ж˵ĥģҲҪĶԵġͨߣȻĥá˾ˣҲ̫ۡȻּţ˵ǼδŶԼĹ޸Ȼ̫ǿʱֻа׳ղŻɳս
ôҪģǹԼľ磬ѡһѧķԼһЩľܵ칦Լ޼ҵȻѾһ䣬֮Ҫǰʶʶ˴ǲԶұҪԼʵܱ֤뿪֮ܰȻĵִ
ţȴͻȻ¶˼ĽɫҰһ죬аţӵһöðʶԶʮʱ䣬Ҳɵĸϵˡ
뵽˴ȴҡҡͷҲ֪ĵõʵ֮⣬ȴǻԵлԵȻһк˵ûлԵʵǿҲԵõ
ûۣǽ춼Ѿôˣȴûһɼһֺˡ
Ұһ죬ݲ૵һȥʥһΡȥɡϣҵһЩõ칦
ţݱ˫ۣ붨ȥ

һĴսڣһ䡣
ºͳƣһս֮޼ˣһʮˡУūռһԽս֮ʱһ֣ʣµģԶӴܵʱǰȥǡ
Щ˴󶼼˴żĸҵһʧȥôˣ޼ҵĴ֪޼£һƬĬı֮С
μңһȳΪ޼ΪеĴʻ㡣ַУѾ˳ޡĳޣ
ѪĳޣޣҪѪϴ
޼ҷ鴫֮󣬴ﵽһ壡
˶ڴҵľսڽһս֮Уǵı뱯ݣữޱȵķ뱩ŰֱĻ棬Ὣңȼճɻҽ
Ȼ޼ʧСȻԶԣҵʧȴ
ǿߣһĸȻһΣټһɿ䣬ܹʧ˶ʮǿߣʧ֮޼ʧ˰ˣҪ̫̫࡭
ȻϣǿԿ֮ҲĪڴˡ
ⳡս򣬲ֻҪ޼ңʶǰӦѡʱ˭뵽򵥵һΡӦ¼󣬾ȻӰǧ崫̶ȵĴս
һսıҲǼ࡭һݣֻҲǺΪҺãһһˣǿʵؼ֮Ļߣͳͳ촦
һվ֮ҲԿһھԵǰκεıƣֻǸƶѣ˵ǿᵽµʱҲ˥ġ
ʮ֮꣬ǣֻд춼ּ֮зп֪ܵʮڰ֮ǰһҶ춼ʵƺ޼ҵǿʢġǣֱơ

ȻսʱգһϾ޼ҲҪȥ
飬ߵıȽϽĵڶˡ춫롰첩ʱ޼˷֪ԭˣԵĵߵΨһĿģԵף
Եʮ꣬ȻкܴջġУһݼΪϸϸ¼ʮ˽̽ԸӽΪеˡмϵ硰춫첩ͬҲнּˡЩּҵ˷ֹŲ޼µĲҵǣγ飬Ըǡٹ̡ģ۷ͥ࿹
飬ֱϵѪԵϵˣȻǲö˵һѺ޼ҵĴ֮Сȴǵģ޼ΪпĥǣҲ޼ҳ԰޼ңͬʱֲߵͻƿڡ

μ֮⣬޼̸Ļ⣬ʣݣ
ݣСԡ֮ӡ޼ϲ񡱵꣬ȴǵ߸жĹۣ
飬Ҷ죡ν֮ӡͷܴݵͷϣ
޼ķϲġȴ޼ǧţ


211 ɱ
ʮǿߣһ̬ǷϲģôЩʮ꣬ʮ꣬ڸʱȴûн죬ڸˣʲô
һһҲĵݣΪ޼ǧΪĳϣ
ϣӵͬȵλĴڣ޼ĺĲ㼶볤ϻģҲʮϣ֮ǰ޼ʷĳϣĸסˡ
ⲻò˸пȮӡʮ볤ϻᡣȻĶӣȻҪʮ꣬ʮ䣬뵽ϻ
ȻֻһϢѡܷ棬Ҫϻյľ
ʱ䣬޼ҵæµ֮УȻŶ

޼˵æµȴԵЩС
ѾصˡԺȻҲǽ̵ȫǽ˹ȥݻ֮󣬾ϱ֮ǰҪࡣÿնƵҡ֮ϣɹɹ̫Ż㡭ȻȻж㣬˫޷ƺǲӡ
ȫĶͶעϣްԱõϢĪ˵ֻǶ˫ȣʧ˫ĿˣҲһüͷ
ڴս֮ĵڶգǰʥһˣһΣһϣȴǸһ޼֮г֮˵õȨݣӵʥõʸ
ʱһϸһ֮ȴҲȻ
ʣõһȨҪԭһϣȻǴҪúõһ
ȨȻʵȥƳʲôѡ˱Ƚʺѧ
֮ݷ֪ѧڵڶ¥ڵ¥
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ɴ˿ɼпӰȷǺ켶бȽĹˡȻڵ˵ȻѾЩˡ
ڡ꽣סһ̸ݷ֪ԭ꽣סֻǰһжѣûкġ⣬ҲΪʲô꽣еܲСȴҲڷ˵һԵʡ
ȻĽ֮Ѿ֪⾳Լûеõ꽣סĹݵҲôʧ
ֻǽơĺƸȻϵ˵¥
¥ĲȴЩݵˡ
˵޼Ҵǧ꣬ǧ֮޵ĹӦòŶԡʵǣ¥һֻһСܡ֮Ȼϰٱ顣Ȼе칦ȴֻʮһѡУķĹа˱
Ȼ̬һϿ֮һϷεĽ͵˶Ϊ޼Ҵǧ֮꣬е칦Ӧò١ʵϣȴô򵥡޼ңϾĴŬռܽӴεģҲֻôһЩ˶ѡȻÿһǿ߶ԼĹǼΪܵġǹؼҲֻЩ֮еϿܻҵ󲿷ֵϣǲܴؼֶġǶڼ˵һΣ˶ʮĸ죬Ȼȴûһ˴йؼ඼ԼһЩҩѡ
˵΢һ£Ÿпĳ̶ֳ˵칦ڱȸߵȽ׵ĵҩҪΪϡ١ֻΪû˻Ĵڹˡ¡ࡣ£Ե˶ޡ˵һҡҡͷ㲻˵
ݣҲǻȻ
඼˽ġ֪յĵ˶Щǿޣ֮еȴҲһ춼δͣЪ
ȻҲܹ˭һǿΪ磬ӵ㹻ǿʵ˼ҲŻᾴ㣬㡣ȥһ¡
⣬Ҳǿ߶ҪԵʡ
Ȼ޼ҵ칦Ȼ࣬ȴҲ㹻ˡڹķѡģȻˮԵĹİ칦ݵһѡģȴǽӡ
ʵһŷǳʵõѧż򵥣ʵá
ʵݶ޷ǵϣңңһգͷǿġʨޡֹеһĻһĻʵ̫һЩлᣬȻǲŹġ
ʵѧǳʵãʹҲǷǳ˧ңңһգԷʱǱռǺεȵݣòϣѡ似Ҳһֵԭ

ȻݱǿʼԴȥϪ֮ڡΪеһ
ƽȻŬ죬Ԫ֮ҲδȫʵңʹԪ֮Ȼʹá족ٿķȥٿأȻҲܳɹȴǽࡣ
ѡķΪһѧķķһҲֻ㡭ϼأϣǿԴﵽ쾳
ȻǺѯһϣһϴݷ֪ԭڡƷе£ټԼѵĻܿͻƵ쾳
ʵϣһϱˮԵߣеģҲе£Ŵﵽ˵쾳ȻҪٽһﵽ쾳һϿЦһ˵ǵõ컯ԼƷ׵ķ
仰Ȼݴһϸ֮ݣŵһ֪еԵɡ
칦ֵȼĹĸ죬߸·ȻѷɫһЩĹȴٶȺ
ǣʹǿ²ǺܸߵȼķҲһһĻ
ʵȷĻڴﵽ۷Ҳһ
Ȼ칦ȴԶˣ
칦ӵߣΪƷ조족Ӧ
˵еǡƷ칦ôһ۷壬ڵأܸͣԲܸߣ
ֻΪķɲǼ򵥵ĵԪתˡУ漰ط꣬ȵ֮в֮Զǳ˿Բȣ
ÿһķͨž֮ͨͣܽᣬ¼
У֪жΪ߲߻ħʹǿǰ
˵ÿһķĳͣž˵ѳģһҪƾ֮Ʒ׵Ĺܣ
仰˵⾳ĿǰڵĲ㼶޷õΪ߼ĹĻҲ޷Ľ
⣬Ҳһ˵칦֮Ʒ׵ҩҪΪϡٵҪԭ
ݵȻΪ֮㵡Ȼ֮ų³һ֪ΪԼ޼Ҳȥ뷨һ档佣ڣǷȥˡ
ȻҪȥҲ֪һʱֻ쾳ѣ쾳ɻԶʮǧЩʵЩ̫һЩ
һϴҲ֪ķֻһţǿͬʱкܶŵġԣֻаԼķҪԣУȴǲδͣ¡
ķУ似УҲδ¡
ӣһҲȷҪúõһݣԣʥõĿյ֮ǰ㾭Կһ໥ιеӰ
٣޼ļλϣҲǲйġ˵ûǸйȻᡭһ϶һֿء
ݣҲδһʧֳʣһϣҲǲòΪ֮̾
һѧ˿Ҫϰܳʱ䣬ܰѰյһ˿ϵġ㡱Ȼȴں̵ܶʱͰյٶȣһҲǾ̾ѡ
ʵϣǿ֪Ƿֲġѧط֮Ϊġǿ֪ȴھԪԼеӡϵһ˲䷴ӦȻԵÿࡣ
ȻⲢζݾѾȫաϾϣҪͣĥһαһθΪ£Ĵﵽ⶯֮䣬ĳ̶ȡ
˳ɫһϽ̵ʱҲǺ˽ѧ֮ϵ⣬౦ľ飬ԼݲٹӦ֪ݣʵǳ
˵ķһյĳɳȻѧȴǾһ˵Ĺǿ
ϷԽ⾳ԽΪ͸ôʹóĹҲԽǿ󡣶ͬĹڲ֮ͬ£ͬϷʽҲܴﵽͬЧõʵͬʱ۽磬Ҳšݶһ˼ֺøС֡ʦͽһĸо
Ȼһ޼棬ȻǲʺΪͽġԣ֮Ĺϵʦͽֲʦͽ
ôݵʵһһյԿԸоٶȣͣš
ʵϵҲڿʼġ顱֮á
⼸֮УͲƵ뷨磬˽ʵ̫ˣһЩС֮еĺӣҲҪ֪Ķࡣ
˵춼ڣЩط֮أЩطǸ֮أЩطʢЩƷȵȵȵȣһŲ֪
ʱġ󻪹λ½ʲôλã֮⣬ЩʲôңÿҵķΣ󻪹Щ֮УǿһֱŵνħƼ䡢콧ϡѪԨǸʲôĴڣʮ
ǰʲôԣȻȥһ֮ȴǷ֡һ˵۽磬ȴǾյĸ߶ȡϱҪǰԶĵطȥУڻҪѰƵƷʲôָ֪γУѲͬͷӬһײ
ֶʵڲǺš
ԣϾ֮࣬ݿʼŸָġѧж
޼ұϾǴǧ꣬Ȼ칦ҲֻôһЩ鼮ȴǿƺĵʷΣ顭һڻвǽ˱ʶҵֵġ
Ѿ֪֮֮ǿһϿҲ󼰡ں֮ʱӵйĿԽԽǿԣݵҲ˵֪ôӺͷֻ迴ȥȫסõ֪ʶԺ֮һкͣȥߴݼ֮󡭡ıġ
ʴһʼĴݵȴǶ˼Ϣ֮䣬ԭֻǴӣȴ˼֮ͨС仯֮һҲǸпѡ
νʫԻȻ޵ķʸֻΪ֪ĶˣȻǻ˼⣬ҲҪ͸ͨĶ࡭
ݴӾ壬ڽһۿɱɱ

ݲͣԼʵḻԼʱ򡭡ңʮǰһս֮һսҲ׵˱֮һ֮޼ҵ֮д죡
ֻǿߣȻͨȴδжģ޼һҪͬʱңһ׵¡
ǡֻ޼ң
ۣܽ춼һЩС峤Լһ𡭡յĴ֮ϣİڷ׵ȶʮǿߵʬ塭ЩС峤һĻ֮Ƕ֪ôȥˡ


212 ʽ̬
춼ˡ
޼ң˯˶ͻ֮ңڽգצ
춼еĵ̣һҹ֮ڣԱңˣȫɱ̣ռ
Ȼҵĵ̲ȫ޼ҡԵʱ۸С忪ǡǸµĵ̣ǵ̵Ĺ˭ң
޼ҵơҵĵͬҲգ֮£ĸ᲻һ
ϾռԴǲ٣ЩС˵һ󵰸⡣֪ջǶˣֻҵʵᶯȻ޼ҳͷռıˡܷŹԼĻ᣿
˵һʣµģѾٻ˼֮еǿߡһϴ쾳ľ֮£ȫɱ
һϣֻһϣ
ң޼ҳͷ춼СΧ֮£ɢ
޼ңΪġ춼һҡ

һʱ䣬޼һƬ֮Уѹ޼Ҷ꣬һΣ޼ȴǽǧѷʱڽȫܲ˷ܣȸԾ
Ȼףһ£һЩƺĹ޼ȴҲò
ȣ붼ʣ
ұϾôǿߣȻǿҪĹȴά춼һȣϾɲһȫ磬ⷽŰһֱڲͣšȻά֣ҲǼΪѡÿһǿ߶ıȻ̶̵һ¶ʱ䣬ս춼ʧʮϵǿߣΪ˷ԼΪ󻪹Ķܲŭ
ʵϣ붼Ѿ춼ڵǿߣ໥ɱģ޼ҴУǳҵ
Ҹĵڶ죬붼ǿߣǶ޼ҡ
һĲã޼ҶʱҪٲ֮У
Ͼ޼ǿҲֻһ쾳ǿ߶ѡԱڣֹҼĴû˿ɱԡڣַ޼Ҹû˿ϣ
۲δżͿĽӴ붼ǿߣ漴еԵɶǸԷһ
μҰǰ޼һ£޼ҵ֮⣬绹֪ġϾǼĳ衭˭û³ȥ⴫
˴붼ЯŭġϾҶѾȷǿ߲ɱȻ޼ҷǵɱˣһɱôףֱӽȫ壿ҪϸߣǿǳҵĶ⣡ܲŭ
Ȼ۽һв֮붼ȴüͷĬȻ󣬱뿪ˡ
ȵڶգԵʼ춼֮д˿
Ȼ޼ҵĳ裬޼ȴҲ֪鵽һҲҪͱȥˡ
Ͼ붼ǲС޷춼ڵľһҪӰ쵽ҵأ޼Ҹ߲㣬Ȼֱܹ档
˵ʲôǡȫǳ
ھԵʵǰ̸ʲôǣԼΪҪģ޼ҳ޶·ĴпɲǸ˵衣һˣҲһ£һȻΪһϸļȨȴҪףʲôʱӲʲôʱָ
һǻѪͷԷ͵ļ壬ʵǲܳõĴеġ޼Ҵǧ꣬Ѿֵ
οҲʲô˵¡Ҳ޼йһܴĴ󡭡ڣѾֲ
һʵ磬˵ĿֻἯʤߵϡʧߡ˭ע
˶֪ҲֻԺ˵ҲҪ޼Ҵŭգ֮ĳֽǶ˵·ǵûд޼ҵ޼ҵ磡ֻҪеӵ˶ôȥ
붼²ֻһ߹ǡȻ޼ȴȻûֹͣæµ
ҵԴǲ٣춼޼һҶǰĴ󲿷ԴȻ޼ҵĿСҪⶫȻҲһ򵥵¡
ã޼ҲǼҴҵ󣬴ǧĵ̵ȷǲС֮˲űҲ㹻㡣׷µĲҵõòǰûʲôµ޼ˣҲһæµ
춼ڣſڹšơΡֵĸ̣ͳͳ˴ġޡ֣һʱ䣬޼ƣ졭
æµ֮ãŽͣȥ춼˵ϰ˵ġ춼ҡҲ춼޼ҡȡ
˵Σ棬޼ҷǵǿ˷Σץס˻
֮춼Ǳ÷ƽ˾

ҵڣȫʰɾ޼Ҳ档ʱ䣬ҲƵ֮ʣƽ˼ֺ⡣
ʱֵ磬֮ĺ֮УȴǸһů⡣
ʱ޼һֱ̲ġ̨֮µĿ㳡֮ϣȴͷ춼ڵ޼֮ˣѾص˴˴
ѹѹһƬ˵ҲнˣƽʱҲֻ֮ʱŻ˴ĳ֣
ЩվԭأȻ֮һʼͲϹˣ໥š
ۻص㣬ֻһˡݣ
ݣȻѾﵽ֮⣬δҲЩ̫˼˰ɣ
ʮߡʣÿɲݣûݵء
ǰ֮ϣһ𺳣ҵͷϵġϲ֮û뵽꣬Ǵ˸𺳣ʮ졭š
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ʮﵽʮ۷塭ʮ졭һһ
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ݣСͱԡϲүĳƺţǡ֮ӡȻһϲڽգȴһ޴𺳣
ʵϣһֱڣеĸо
ʮ겻֮񣬼᳤֮λڿЦ
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ǣǽӵ˼ֱӷؼġдĺٷڸμ½ʽ
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˵Ŀ⣬ͬʱͶעϡ֮Уʱ¶˾㵵ɫ
ȻѾ˼׼ȻĿȴȻš
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۵ļȻ͵ȵݣ
һ漴ǰ˫Ŀ磬ʮӦڣ
תֱݣһ˫֮гϡ
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һ漴һܣ
ãӴԺ޼ҵİٰʮλϣĵʮĳϣڣ£
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ת̧ͷǸƵġ̨׳ΣҲңš̨Ȼ£
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޼ҵĵһġ̨ǧȻѾΪ޼˾ϵļ־
޼Ӣϣۣ޼ҵڶʮߴмԼݣ޼ҵڶʮŴݣ޼ҵİٰʮλݣչ棬֤
ҵ޼ҵϵݣ֤ͬ
۵ĻأļȻһǴӲٳ֮
ͬʱ˵ͬһ仰γɵݣֻºΪ
ݵľʱΪ֮һ漴ȴǳĬңǸƣһǹһġ̨֮󣬳³һ
ԴˣͻȻү֮޼ūͰٰ볰Уֻʣƣǧġ̨
ףԼоһ㡭Ը⻹ǲԸ⣬ˣѾͬ޼Ĳһ
޼ҵ˥ݣΪֱӵĹϵ
ֻΪ޼ҵһԱ
һݡˡģš̨˼ͷ漴Ĭ
ԶλϽһĻУӿһۣУ¶˼οЦݡ
ɣ
˵һ仰ȻתΡݣҲѾӵվ
ۿݣһֱƽ¶˼ָӡ
֮̾һ漴ݵļתȥ
ıӰͻȻ֡Ӱ˵¹ڣǰǸ΢͵Ӱ


213 ţϹˮ
ݳΪ޼ҵĵʮĳϡƽš
ʱƣܿģʱ䣬˹ȥ

ãѩ춼װع֮УԵ÷次
֮⾳ԣﵽ֮Ե˺Ѿ͵С˵Ԫ۶ɵԪ֮ȻСҲԺԡǿߣȴѾԹ̫вˡ
ʥǰĿյ֮ϣһˣڳС
ϥڵϣɫרעһϵĽ⡣
ⷬݲ΢ü֮ڵʹõĻԹҲʵСʮҲܵ˺ܴĴˡô£
һЦŽ͵ҵ˼˵Թһ֮ѾƺһԵôҪϾѧ֮ط򣬴֮нԹֶԼ֮֮췱򱶲ֹѡ˵˺ȫȻˡǡ쾳ڣ־ȴֻ쾳ڡϵʱ־û˿ʹѧִ֮£־ȻҪ˵ġʵֱԪûԹƣȴǱȲѧطγɵܵġ
ŻȻ
ȷԪûʣҲ߸˵ʵ˵ʵط֮࿹⣿
Ҳ칦ķ֮Ȼֲڴˡطõԣ֮ԪûģҪǿĶࡣ
һϼ˵
ԭˡݵ˵ͷЩ򡭡
һϵ˼ʵܼ򵥡ԪûõʣǱȲطõԵġ
ͨ߰˸һϵѧϰѲǵճĲ񡣴һϴÿ춼ܵõܴջ񡣱˵֮䣬ǳţȴʵŵġ֮ġͨԪԼĳЩӡĹЩܱ֮ӶܣΪá
⣬Ҳ֮֮֮ǿô౶Ҫԭ
Ϊֻе죬֮вŻ̺һ˿ġ֮Ҳֻдﵽ֮󣬾ΪٿءֻŴﵽط
֮ÿһ㣬Ԫ֮߾ͻжı仯Щ仯дСֻоʱ֮ġԪ롰лϸһ㣬ǿһЩķ򡭡⣬ҲΪεȼԽߣʵԽǿԵʡ
Ľܿ죬̶̲˸µʱ䣬Ѿȫ쾳ڵľ硭ȷЩҵϰ
һϿݣӹһ˿Цݡ
ԣЦͷмֲ˼ǶΪĽ̵֪֮Ҫʲôʱء
һЦҡҡͷҲһ¶ѣһлǿԼа
˵һ¶˸пЦݣ֮дżֻ˵ôʱ򣬿ɻϪ֮УŬҪ߲ء˵ţһҲҡҡͷ
һȴüһҲһŰʮʹﵽ˵߲ڣ޼ҵʷ֮ϣƺԼ֮⣬ҲֻĸѹԷһͷˡ
ѹմﵽ˴쾳ļ߾硣ӣǱһ˵Ȼмָݵġ
ţȴЩڴԼܴﵽʲô̶أ

һЦ̸һ̧֮ͷ˿ɫվΣЦ˵ϣձ͵ɣȥȥ
һԵ˵ͷЦŵȥɡ
Цŵ˵ͷȻǾԳʥȥ
ѾϰÿһʱһЩĵϰߣЩУݵȷǵõõĶ֮Ҳһһչݵǰڴ
·֪Խ࣬ڴҲԽʢʵΪȷǾʵ˼¡
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һԼ˵ٳʳԱĸֻȶԼ˥ٶȡ
ʳԳԵꡭ˵ݵ״š
ȻΪһϻƭҲԸⳢɻأϽֱ֮˶ʮ꣡Ȼһͷûȹ˵ʲô˥ϡʵЩ̫ЩǶٶⲻ͵ġ
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쿴ǡ½¼տһ롭һûء
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Ƭ̣ݵ۾һ֮гһ鼮
鼮жȭɫӲƤ棬ùӵдš½¼֡Ѿ΢΢ëߵķ棬ԼѾ΢ƵҳԿⱾ飬Ѿ˲ٵͷˡ
ȡ鱾֮ݱڵ¥ԵһҡȥŵĴ˴߳㣬ҰҲΪǿĺõط
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ҡΣȻҲ˸µʱġ
һ̬ҡϣַõǩλãеĿȥ
ţǵС˵ȥġͬǣС˵С˵߶׫ģȻЩţȴǼ¼Ĵ½֮ʵڵ
Ŀǰ˵󡣱Ͼڵʵûа취ӴЩġ
⺮ХѩƮƮҡ֮ϵݣȴԵüΪС
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̫ɽͷʱļȻһֱеȴ͵ֱӣбһ־֮ɫĿ⣬ȴĶҳ֮ϡ·ͻȻеһ㣡
΢˴漴ֿٵطҳϸĿ˼֮漴͵ķ˷žλãƬ֮¶˾֮ɫ
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ݵɴ۾ҲŴ·еݾŻһ㡭
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ݲ˳˼֮Уüͷ
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ͼ֮ϣķ·һɵɽûֻһ峺׵̶̶ģһѩɵıɫȴǲõšŭŵıɫ֮ϣһˮһıɫˮȴ֮ϡ
ûǱɫˮһˮԼǱɫŭ֮״⡭еһУ뵱ڵǾ֮ϵ߶ɽ֮һģһ
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жȥ֮ȴǵһ
Ժ֮Уյɽ֮˵ĺ⡭ͷߣȻŴһ˲䣬ȫֱӻ˼
ѵʯ֮Ȼ֮ҲоŵġϹˮ֮һ
ݻ֮ݷ¶˼־ɲ֮ɫֿ˿е鱾³һ
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֮½Ҳ˵֮зŴڵľ磬˵֮УԿ볤߾磡߶ԣžģΪ롰֮ıرƷ֮һ⡰Ϲˮ̶ֳȣ֪ˡ
ŲãԼȴҲȥáʯ̫ŹأǾ֮˵ǿ̶ȣֻ¿ƿֲпǵ쾳ϵȼǿߣǲá
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˹֪Ҫȥ֪ǺҪġҪȻǳ޶·ˡ
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ϹˮоŵҵʱɻšʵȥˣδؾûǵȻԵãá
вͣİοԼ֮һ
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һЩ£ֱӳľС·ȥ

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ʮǿߣһ㣬ˡ
£ֻǵ˵ͷǾ뿪ʱ߳˵漴˵֮
һǵһ˽Ŀʮĳء湻İһҪС꣬ȻѾ޼ҵĳˡ
ʮĳÿ춼ҪʥеġӵϣӵеʥõȨأ
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һ棬֮жΪ̾ĽȻȴ˼ּ⡭
һ˵ĳɾֻԸһЩʱд󶼻ʵȻ˵ĳɾ͸ߵֻʱôνļʣֻữ̾뾴Ϊָ߶ȣüʵȫĨɱ
ݣһĨɱͬˡʡĴڡ


214 
źɽ֮ϣ޽ĹרΪ֮ĸǰЩʱȥ˿ģǲСء
Ҳѹ֣֮ܲԩձȶʮȥˣҲǲý롭壬ȷǷһ
ҪǣڳΪʮĳϣ岻һֻ˵ȥġ
š
˼̸š
̸۵ģȴǹ޽֮¡
ỹ޼ҡˡĶ޼֮ɱΣ󣬸뵽ҪΪ޶ڼ֮Ҳǲܴ󲻵һʱҲΪ˹ȣȥգḮϼΪūֽ֮ͣᡭ
ʵʱ֮ޡݣǲڼɽġ⻹һֻ۱һ֮󣬷ŵᡣҲûһ
̴Ķרһ¹ڣ˺ᡭʱһΣѾʮˡ
῰ƵӢۣʵ޼ҲѾסѪԨ֮ϣᲢΪġԸۻɱΪѾ嵱ʱƣ֪Լα⣬ϣټӦĴ󻷾֮£ҲǲĻڣǲֽһ޼ұȻҲٲ
Ϊ˱޼ңѡԼġ
٣β𺳣ף޼һܶԵԷһƬ൨ģ
ԣ˺ɽ޽Ĺ޼һ˵

޼۷׷ףЩƵȴǲδϣֱӳšԺȥ
صԺʱɫѾ󰵡Ȼ»֮£ΧİѩõΧȻһƬ
үˡ
Ժųһūſʲôʱū۾һʱӭ
ڳ˼еݻعȻ˵ͷ߳Ժߣʵţأûʲô°ɣ
һаã֮Уүòء
ū͸Ͻص
ݵ˵ͷǳȥ
ʱѾߵ˴
ڵƻͨټһԲ֮ǰʵ֮ϣȴݡߣȴվŮ
ү
ݽʱ򣬴ڵūŮǶʱǹĻһ
ʵ޼ҵʮĳϣѾΪүˡݼ֣˵ڣﻹֵĵԼʲôүԼеļūȻԡү֮ȴô̼Ϊж
˵ͷȴмֵ˵̣ɫô䣬ֲãֱ֮ӳҲˣҸ˵ţѾߵ˴̵ߡ
ȴ¶һЦݣֺǺǵסݵ֣ЦҲ䡭˰ɣ
ݳΪϵϢȻǵһʱ֪ˣ֮һֱǺܺá
һжעݵϣɴ˳ɾͣȻκ˶Ҫˡ֪֮ݻһУЦĺϲ£
ȻֻһŮȴҲ֪һϣȻûһĸȴҲ֪ǾĴܸߣȻ治СȻǿˡ
ģҲεҡͷЦһȴǼΪů
ָ̳һ뷹ˣݵ˴̵СŴЦݳ
ү
һŮҲݳһ룬ݵ˵ͷǳ
Եһ֮󡭡
ү
ͻȻڻһ΢һ㶣ɻô˴̣
̵¶ԥȻŵ˫ү̸գС֮ʱҪСүĹǣô˵󣬴̵¶˼
һ֮˵ͷġĹѾֻӭĸ븸ˡ
϶ʱ¶˷ܵɫǣǶүС㡭ܣܽ޼ҵ𣿡
ţܵġ
漴˵ͷ˵
ţܵġ
漴˵ͷ˵
ǾͺáǾͺááð
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ӵռݡүĸ븸׵ķĹʱݱͲ̶Լģʬ޴ĸһеġ
İοã̵Žƽˡ
Թͣͻ˷䣬ݱҲǻصԼķ
Ϸţ˴֮ϣȴüͷ֮мԥ֮ɫȻ֮ȴǳ̾һ
ϹˮȻԡΣʵ̫󡣲˵Ǿ񾿾ڲǾ֮ϣǹŹֵʯţȴѾҿӦˡ
ԭݾȻһֱǡϹˮ¡
˵Ѿ˾ϣǾ塭ȱֻҪǸ˶Ķһϵʱ䣬ݶ˼ûеõǱĿԡ
ȻǴӸȥݶΪԼлõڰϢ͸¶ȥȻٳûˮⶼתһȦȴòεĽһʵʵ̫ˣǽˮҲȥݸҲǻˮˡҪ˵Ϊ֡ʣڻûʸ
ʵʵڵʵ㹻ǿĻﻹ뱦ɽֹΣ˼ҶѰҸֲر֮Ҫñҵã֪вر֮ȴΪʵ㣬ֻ۰Ͱ͵Ŀš
εҡҡͷ漴üͷ૵ҽϢ֪һϣʵûлõǡϹˮأ
νˮԼȻûлõȻҲҪԼеϵ˵õһദôЩʱգҲһȺ͵ĳߡݶĸйȴǼΪ
Ȼ֮ȴһ૵ʱȲҪ߶Է֮ϾҲһǵĶ˶ô˶޼Ҳ˵⡭ǲˡ
뵽վǳһҡҡͷ漴˫ۣԼ񡭡
ʱһɫĹתϡѾΣ״̬֮ȥˡ
ݵʵѾﵽ쾳ڣĹ֮УһƬɫ֮£һɢһıɫ建תšܱߣǱɫһһɫǳһԵǱɫ뵣ʱ֮УȻֻתʼձŵ֮һԪ֮
ԶԶȥⵤ֮е壬ĳ֮Ӵض嫡

ʱˮʱ䣬ٶȻι
峿ѩѾ׷ŵƮɢ¡յѩ·ƽʱҪ˼֡
ʱ磬޼ңȴѾ˹
޼Һɽ֮ϣһССɽ֮ǰ޼ˣԶһϮڰװ˶Ϊ£ڰѩ֮УڻһЩ֮ɫܡ
ݣТվǰ
ߣͬһϮµĴ̡ʵ֮ϣ΢΢Ĳţ֮ûаֵѪɫ·ȫѾĴ
֮ϣšȻ濴Ļ˫ĿʧӦʲôĴ̵ȴǡŸǰһСذɴܿ˫ۣô˫ֱۣĶǰСذû˿Ĳ졭
ƹƹҡھ֮ڶ߲ͣĻšвڰɫТ޼ˣڶš
ԶϿ˴Ŀ֮ȴżꡭ
ᣬ춼֮ӵźպ޼ţǵһʬ޴档ΪķޣӣȴһͬСɽһķĹ֮С˰ͬʱȴЩϼһﰵ
ΪɱΣǵǼӵĺ޼šļʮί뵽ЩҪڸԼȥС
Ȼ֮ǿǷĹһۣĿ⣬ֿڶ֮ǰТģڷǰӰ漴Ҳһ˿οĸо
ãݲδߡᡭˡ

ʱһ󶴣Ѿ˵֮С
ۣվݵ࡭Ŀ飬ǰȻеݣȴܵϣɢһѹֵ˼£ͬҲص˼µıˡ
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һϮµ˫һµָھĽУʱһ׼׸ߵĿӶ˳棬һѾˮУ˵Ĺľ˵֮С
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޼ˣʱӽľͷ漴һʱļ̌˳
ʱ£ϲδһõĵ¹ľѾصĸã·΢ľֱķһ㡭
˵ĶΪСģƶ䡭ܵĹľСĽ֮˵֮ϡ
С㣡үأ
ȻڴʱͻȻһĿ޺˻ƣһĪıϢŴ̵һ޺˲䣬ݺݵĻ˵ͷ
۵ļȻһһޱݣڵ¶һ˿Ȼ漴ȴĽһҧĵһɱˣѹȻ̩ɽһ壬ڴʱȴǷϸ΢Ĳڿ֮е֣Ҳš
С㣬үءǴءǴ
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ʱСùߣǸܵĹľ򿪡
ĿģһƬǱİɫСľҲͬһ㣬ѾǱøǰĸ׵İɫУѾһƬڣһƬףԵưԵ֮һ˵ķ֮ɫΧܱߡ
ʱѾȥʮ꣬Բδʲôʬ
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һˣĽҿƬưܵİɫС
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ˮֻһ˲䣬ĻĿ֮УȻ£
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ۣ޼ҵļκʱһɽһȳ˵һ̣ͻȻ̲ס˳
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Ǽһֹ᳹ʹһڰ֮УҲΪ֮ѣΪ֮εʹ
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ԣ˿Ϊ۰ӶΪСУΪѡͬʱὫǧ޼ңͬҲΣ֮У
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޷ǵսִһе¶ĵŨŨĲᡭУûаֵĺ⣡ûаֵĺ⣡
۶ôϣ￴ǳޣǲʣǷ񣡵ǣǣǰ
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Ϊ޼ҵǣףӣѩӵĲᰡ
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˺ѷεΧеѩ÷ɢԶֻҪˣʱֻоһŨµıˣȻԼ࣬ţ۽һ飬ˮй
һֱŵļλϵ֮УҲס˼ᡭ͵۽ǣĿš
˫ᣬҲסһ̣ᣬĴ

˫ס۵ۣ֡ʱһ߰ʮˣˮնģ
ݾĿһĻ֪ʱᣬȻѾϢ֮䣬ģ
˴ʱݷĶۡǲޣǲܿޡ޼Ȼҵв֮£۱ǿǰҲȻʹ޳
ƷޡȻⱳҪܵѹǳˣˣ


215 
ɽ֮ϣһƬ֡ڷй֮ڽĻֵԼ̣ȴѾΪ޷ּȵĻ˹ȥ
֮󣬽֮ĸѩ̵ĹǺ̧һϺùľ֮Уٶ·סһкƺƵĶ֮Уʮص½Ĺ֮С
Ĺ֮֮ǰҪ˲֪ٱǽ죬ķĸµʱ䡣
ʮףʮסٲȻһͥԺ
ݵĸףʮ׵µĹ֮Уߣһᾭ¹ԼʹùƷȻǱīɫҲС
ǧʯȫķ֮Ϊˡ
Ĺǰһߵľޱ֮дšӣȸᣬϱĸѩ֮Ĺ

ЩѾ죬֮ȻҪȥ޼ҵһˡ
ݣΪĶӣλƵΣȻļϡ
û֮ϣѩƮƮݵȣһɺƺƵ޼˵Ķ顣֮ϵūŮƣæŻŵͣ˵·࣬ͷĵ£ӡ͵ƵĶȥ
ղμѩǨڤӵģȫ޼ҵĵϵˡЩūͣȻǲҷġ
޼Ȼ޼ҵλñ֮ҪΪһЩӡһ߹Ȼס
һټķݣΧڷ֮ģǲġƽʱ˴޼˵Ľֻÿ֮ʱɳϣΪ˴档
ݣڲԺһͥԺ棬ڷж޼йףְλĸ˵λ֪ˡ
ȻҲǵһ˴
ıȴδжı仯ȻٵĲǰţž޲
ڻġ֧֮󣬶ʱÿһͨĺһԡ
ÿһ˽޼ǱȽׯص顣ЩȻˡ
֮ǰһƬյء˴յصʱ򣬶ԾֻͣݣԼ˫ˣ˽ȥ
λģ֮ͨˡ֮˲ڣڼ֮еģΪĳϴΪִС
ۣĸסס
˫ĵܵܣҲס
ݣȻö˵ǣסȻɰλһ¡
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ټķ֮У棬ԶǲĽݣжʮ׵Ľ֮ϣȴķһߵλ
ÿһλ֮ǰһ¯Щ¯֮Уȼ𡭡ֻ֮֮࣬޵¯֮ڣһƬ֮УһѾɴ̱˵֮ζ˵ıͷ֮С

ۿһ֮Ŀ˵ΪղŵķйѾüΪͳ˻ơ
ݻع񣬸۵󣬲һ
ݲһܣа˴ֻר˸ÿոЩ¯֮ɣ̫鷳ô
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뵽˴ҡҡͷȴЩ⡣
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˫ָָһһλ˵λ޼ҵʮԪ825괺ںǿ׵춼޼ңԪЯ춼ǿߣϮǧءںڲӣաںʮ򡭡ȼʮշͣЪɱ߶ʬ޴桭ںʧ磬ţ󻪹ʿŸϵ춼߾ܵŻ֮⡭ΪҴ󻪹Ӯ˱ķӦʱ䣬춼Ϳ̿ˣ
һȻ𾴵ĵͷУϧΪӢۣȻ
˫ͷָһλ˵λ޼ҵʮĴ顭936ģ콧ϡͻӿʮЯħ޴ӿ콧ϡǿ߾ȴֵۿħͻơ콧ϡؼʱ̣ǿ߼ʮǷȻȴʮǿȼܴ꣬ﵽ㹻ǿȡԥԸʵƷȼ꣬ħ롮콧ϡһ࣬춼һѪɺӡ
λ޼ҵʮ޹衭963ꡭ޹޿Уʬ޴棬ȴ޼尲ο
⣬޼ҵʮ˴桭
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˫̾˵
֮ݳ³һ˵ͷһΧܼλУЩܼλԻһһûаλ
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ǵѪ޼ң޼˶ԣԶ𵱾
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⣬ҲΪʲôôˣȻʮ䣬Ҳϵڶʮλá
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־ĿһۣĿڡȻ˻ơ
գйѹʮˣһֿտĸо
ԥ֮ͻȻүү
ǰĲļȻһ͵Ķӡ֮󣬷·ûһ˻Ƶʵҡʲô
үүһȻٶȺ˳
֪Ϊʲôһүүʱ֮ǰһĤ·̼ɢ
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γ֮ʱͬʱµ𺳣ǽᣬѩ̷ǰʧʹʱĸж޼֮һ޼ĵ¼ݲ֪ı̬ȻȴòϡѾ壡
ݣ޼ҵĵʮĴϣڲ֪ĳʱڣ޼ҵʱμһƽš޼ҵڶʮŴݡ¼
ۣүү֮УŵѪҺȻүүְ߲Ѫ飡Ҳı䲻޼ѪʵǴԽȻʲôϵҲֻǴǰתѣ
һүүۣǿһӣȴڶϱķǰһ̿޵ͬһСһ㱯˵ˣ
һѾû˸ĸ顭ѵҪ游һ飬ҲԽԽԶ
һүүĽгѾ֪Ϊ޼ңѾǽΪˡ̡ͬĸһŮˡСүү壬еģͬѪġֵܽã
ááã
ͻȻݺᣬȻһ̣֮УȴԴϲĹâ
˫ۿҲ΢졭֮ȴԳһЦʲôʱԼȻҲͬŮһϰˣ
ͻȻÿʵĴЦСˣ뿪ˡ޼ҡ
ѩ̵λڵءλ֮ǰ̻𣬽ڣƣȻٲֱ˴ˣ޼һƬͬһ֮Сڡڡ

ʱֵѩ࣬춼װһƬװ
ɳɡһֶš
ǵùȥҲһ껹һӽֵüһҹˡ
һһ֮ϣһᴬԱܼİһյأ̲סԹš
ߣһǴӵϴûġžһ괬ԱԴϣŭʱԹϽȥҵط»ȥ
ᴬԱʱֹ˼ʲôȴǲٶ˵żװ֮ǰһȥ
ӣֲϢˡ꣬һҪ޼峡֮ǰͻ
ϴ̴żԹţ漴ε˼װǰȥڴʱҲΪһһͨº˻λϴ

ԶһټޱȵĿհ׵شΧܼļ˲ٴֻĸۿγ˼ΪĶԱȡȻˣ滺ʻۿڵĴֻԸֻĺŶӵȺȴҲҽ뵽Ƭհ׵
ԭֻΪհ֮޼ҵλã


216 
һǰ춼֮ʱ˵ս޼ҵȨĪ˵춼Ѿ춼һҡһ֮ˡ
޼ҵ춼֮Ѿһʱھ˽֮ڣĳᲢۡ޼춼֮еѾﵽһ¡صĵز
Ƭߣв޼һȺΧȦĿյУһЩڵȴš
ǣȻǴ˴ǰӴ޼֮ˡ
վڿյ֮ϣԶһ޼ʵĺƽ棬ŶΧڵ֮УȴһЩ㱸С
һǰЩںϵ޼ҺһУȴſǸʱȴǶԣ˺вȷȻһ֮ȴȵ޼ҵʮĳϵö֮վյ֮ϣȴ޼ӵܵĹ
֮£Īˡ
ʮĳϣˣ
Īп֮ʣһӣȴͻ۾һȻ˵
ɫһʱ˳ŶԷָԶƽ濴ȥ
ڸпʶδ⡣һȻʮҴֻӺƽʻݵĿĿ֮£ĿϵÿһˡȻܿǴͷ֮Ʈŵġޡִˣ
ݿһ֮ͻ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ҳ֪ƽϪϵʱûиԼŵϢԼվǰֻһʲôı飿
емڴš
ϾҲֻһʮ꣬ǰҲʮѡȻеʱֵļΪʵ⻹ǻмԵġ
׼ӭӰɡ
ݵ˵ͷ˵
ǣ
ӹ漴תȵ׼ӭӣ
£Χʱɢ˼֣õô˴Ŀռ󡭡ˣפȴ
ʱԶĴֻѾߵ˽ģˡ

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ֻոͣ£ЩϣǴһ󻶺֮Ȼ޼ĵǣ˵һӿ˴
Ϫ˽ӽ˾Ÿ£ÿɱȻǱﻵˡÿϪصӣΪ˷ܵӡ
ܣûϲЩѪȵ޴ʲô
һŴϣģһģӡߣҲΪٵĻǴ˴ǰϪߡ첩
첩һȥԼĪʮҵľˣһϮɫʵǾŲڣ޼ҵڶ֮УҲǱȽϿǰ
ݣ˴ǰ˴һΪ˽Ӵһ棬ȴҲΪ첩
ԭֻΪ鹲ӡԣӡ첩ŶߣӦý첩
վԭزδ첩һۣȴһ˿Ц漴ҡҡͷ
ĳҲ֪춼ڷ顭
ȻⲢ⡣
һ޼Ȼǲܻᾪġ
޼ҷٶʵ̫죬֮ǰû˿סҲû뵽˴ε޼ҾȻ˵ľǸսǿٻؼ֮޼ұ֮͵ˡʶ޻֪ͨԶϪǡ첩ȻҲ޴֪
˵ǰЩӱ޼Ҹҵˡ֮ǰѾʮһϴ޼ҵһɾ񣬳˴Ǳؾĺ֮ϣ֮ȫĨɱˡ
Щ̣һ硣Ϫģ󲿷ֶҵľӡڣͲȫꡭһΣҵȷǽ޼ȫĴŭˡ
ȻҪ˵ѾȫˡȻǲ̫ܵġ˵ڡ콧ϡ֮ҵˣЩѶġⳡս֮УҲвٵ˴һЩ֮롭Ҳûа취顣
ʵϣһҪĽһɱѪ޷Уǲ̫ܵġҲǽĸˡ
Ȼ޼ҲǡлӵӴʱ޼Ҳ¹Ī˵һЩ޼Ȼ͸ûкµĿˡ
ڳɳõ춼Դ޼ҸڳɳԺǳǿߣܻ޼һвһѲɻ죿
һһ춼µĻҲҪ˵ʲôǧ괫֮ͽЦĻˡ
˼䣬첩Ѿ֮ǰվߵӵĴ£ߵˡ
ݿһۣȴ첩֮Դż־֮Ĳ֮ɫԼԵЩ͡ȻӦѾ˵Լˡ
ʮĳϣԵüͷһ壬첩ɫɣмֲĿںȵ
첩ɫʱһ㶣ʱüӡҲüͷһ壬˱ܵĻӶԷ
Ȼ漴첩üͷʱЩԾˡ
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ݡѾɱ𣿣ͻȻֳˣڣΪ˳ϣѵѵȻѾ켶ǿˣ
첩з캧ˡʮ죿ڿЦ𣿣
첩˼תȻµȻ޷̫
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ȻţݵУȻżֹŹ֡мֲ̫ʵĸо
ɨһ֮󣬱ҲͲˡ
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ңԿܰ޼ҵ߾ûаθɾʱҲ첩һЩֵ
ݽҪĿľǲߡȴǲĿǷΧ֮ڡȻȻҲ첩е𾪣ɣ˼ȵȡ
ԣֻһǲǳ´޼ҵǵķȥ·Щǿɱ첩Ķࡣ
첩ɫʱѿɭƳݵıӰһۡȻ漴ȴһѹסԼͷŭ⡣
ܶԷʵΣӵ̬ȣ첩ǵһγ
ϾҲǳˣʱԼŭҪڸ׵˽ͷ֮ƽϡ
ߵλӣȴע⵽˶Էеɭȴӳһ˿мһѣȻҶһǿ¶ֱ飿治֪η֪ˡ

첩ǵһ´ˣӭߵݵߣֻǶ̶Ƭ̵ʱ䣬˶ڻؼҵĿο֮УһʱȻû˽ݻ¿С
ԣ߽˴ֻ֮󣬲˷
ݣݻţ
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һʮʮ١Ƭ֮˶ǳݿȥ
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СĶĶãã
УһްĴɤŶȴֻһ¶Цݡ˵ȻǴͷеˡ
ȻȺ֮УһŶȼ˳С
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ݿԷǺαľϲȻ֮ɫҲ΢жǸ⡣
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СӣȻûܵʲôطȥˣģӻúõһѣ˺ü򣡡Ȼ漴ʱƿڴһͨ죬ͷ֮ϵǱ˳
Զٵġеƿڴһһ㶣漴һۣʱƿڴСһ亹çСӣȻʮĳϽ棬ǺôĵӰ
ȻȴȴδóʲôʮĳϵһЦȴǸӻ
У˵䡭
ʱһº͵еͣŤͷһۣ漴¶ЦݡСĳԱһٵĶ߳ˡ
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ڿݵ˲䣬Ƿͷһʯͷ漴Ҳ¶Цݣ˹ȥ
ߵ꣬ȴǵһʱеĲޱɫϵı仯ȴ΢һ㶡漴·뵽ʲôƬ֮˹ȥ

Ե÷ǳ֣˶ԵĻϲٶȳ֡ȻͬʱҲͻȻʧٳɻ󡭡ȻȻĺʱⵥϸһ֮⣬˶δ׷ʡ


217 £
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޼һ˱ΧȺڵΧ֮£ƺƵ뿪ɳɶȥ

СݣʧǼ£ȥĶԻ˵Ѿɱˡ⵽ô°
߳ɳɣСĳԱǲСߣһЩ޼ҵӺĿһۡ
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һԵޱɫ΢һ£һۣƺ˼ӡ
Ҳ֪ıҪһЩ˵μ֮й顭֪ԴĿеĵλԣǲܺƽġôݼȻܰȵվ޼ҵĶ֮Уôʲô¡ƺҲͲѲ²ˡ

̫յʱ޼ҴţѾңңĽ˵
ţү;үǡǵʲô
ոտţһЩ޼ҵӱһ㶡
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ȻƽĿ֮У˫ִһӡֱӭ첩˹ȥ
첩ɫȻ΢һ£в֪Ѿ¶ԵЩɡ
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Ȼ첩üŶԷǰĿĵʱ򣬶ԷȴѾߵĸǰ˫ĮĻһ֡
ʱһСһӿ˳ȥ̼ǽ첩Χ˵С첩ߵӣҲЦһ˵һԡ
˶ûŪǰһĻȴΧе޼ҵӶ¶˾㵵ɫ
첩ɫʱһ䣬ͷȻһšգ͸¶һ˿Ź֡
ҲǳˣȻңȴδжٲü˫ʲô˼
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Χ첩ʮʱȥҪ첩
첩ɫ䣬ȻûŪ巢ʲô£˴ʱٲ²д·ĻҲʸ޼ʦˡ
˲Ѿжϡܱ£
֮£첩оâͻϺɫâʱڶ

Ȼ˫Ѿ뵽ԷôױͷֿߵѾ˹첩ϵĺɫâոʱѾһΣһ㱬˳ȥ
ǽߣֻϽâһʱѾ˳ȥŶԷ
ʮǿߣ֮첩Ҫǿ˲֪ٱԷƴ첩Ÿո׼ټʵĶԱȣ첩ʵûκѵĿԣ
첩ɫʱ䣬Ҽ䣬Ҳ˲δȫ˫ֱǳֱλƳʱ䣬һȵϢʱ
ȻûáһӭϢϽâʢֱһС̫ʱȵϢ֮СȻ漴ֻһ顱֮
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첩ʱѪɶϢ˲ɢӰ٣
һ֣ȴͣ٣ٵ㣬ԱȶԷɵٶȸ˼ٶȣ˶Էֱһȴɵһֵն첩Ĳ֮䡣첩ʱԴһ㣬ģ˹ȥȻ󣬡顱һ˵ϡ
Χ޼ҵӶǴסˣȫ׾ʲô¡
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㣬ǸʲôǸʲô
ڴʱһֵ̿ͻȻôе˶ʱŤͷȥֻ޼ҵӵȺ֮Уһꡣ꣬ڲͣš
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ϳУɫ԰׵ꡭ첩ĶӡȻˣȴõͷƸ
Ȼá١ļʵǲȻеڵʵЩ֮£ҲֻˣȴȫȻûа취ѡĴС֮£֮˫ߡ΢
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ʼգ˫ûκһ͡

ô°еɴ۾һ󡣷ŵıʣõ˶׹ƶˡ
ƣ㸸׸ͷˡ֪ôôҲǺĳޱѯʵ˫ݵͷΪޱƾվݵߣ˶Ϊ˫ڶޱƵͷ


218 𾪣
Ȼޱ΢һ£漴ȴЩɵ˵ңҲ֪˵ţȻȴǹŹ֣̲ס͵͵һۡ
˲֪ޱȴ֪Ÿ׵۾ûͶעϣǶǰݴк
ޱȻɻҲ뵽ѵԼоʵڸԼк
Ͼô룬Ȼֶ˫ƺҲûнŮ׵һߣȸֶкĵɣ
ֻǲ޼һʱ䣬ǷһЩ°һֱδ˵꣬ȴͻȻ̾һ漴Ŀ⿴ݡ
˼΢漴̾ȻͬΨһ۵Ĵڡܵ˼ȻԶǳ˿ɱȡ
ֻЦЦȴǲδ˵΢漴ȴ¶һ˿ʧ
Ȼһ˿ʧҲݼţ漴ҲЦ˳
˵⻰ĿģȻҪݸ˵˵ȻҲ뷨ֻЦЦȴδ˵
Դˣ֪ʮݣȻҲǵ֮ˡѹ֡ȥʱǵС˶ƭˣԳɵܹ֮

޼ҵӶǷ׷۷ŷ顣
첩ԵĵܵܣĴӣ޼ҲȨĴڡȻգĿ֮£۵Ķ˫ȴǸ˹ĶԸǰߡѵԼ뿪ʱеһЩȨʲôıʲɣе޼ҵӶ˲²š
Ȳ²⣬һЩеһļһҲѹƲסеĺ棬Ƿ׷׼ӿĲ޼ҵȥ
ڣǴȥһԼļˣ߰˸µʱǷһЩʲôˣ
СĳԱȻҲǸԷֿȴԼڡ¥֮оۻᡭ

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Ȼ֪ʱ䣬ޱǲҵĵ˫ġֻΪѶ첩ĹȻļϡ
˷ֿޱҲѹƲסͷĺ棬ѯȴֻεЦ
ô˵ѵ˵Ŷ޼ҵĵʮĳϣԺҶҪ
ݿûôɧֻЦ˵ƽ㣬ҲˣպȻˡ
ޱƵʱԲһ˫ۣȻݺЦ飬ҲֻǰһۡҲǲ׷ˡ
ޱ˵ֻҪһаãҲͷˡǺܹġ
Ժޱܵ˼Ϊд
ԺеūܹͣޱƵĶݣɶǷľ֪ޱ֮Ҳǻϲޱ־ͲſˡޱƣҲɵڴߣֺǺǵ̸һЩϪȤ¡
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ȣݾȻǳӭӵĶ֮СΣ첩Ȼڽգյִ֮Ǳ˫˸¡ڣĶٶǱᵽ˼ֲͬζ
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ˡүոմϪϻ֪ҲءūͻȻ뵽ʲôЦŵͷ˵ȻҲЩ˷˵ү춼޼һҶˣҲûƼҺμˣ
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޼𣿣ɴ۾ͻϢ˶Ѿ֪һַӦźˡ
£ūͱǽЩʱ£һһ˵


219 Ϲš֮˵
ūҲлү죬ȻҲ˵Խ𾢡꣬Ǳһһ¼Ūȫסˡ
ԣ飬ȻμҰ޼ҵԵףμҳЯʮϣֱɱ޼ҵڸʥڵһϣʵȻѾǿᵽֱɱʮǿߣ
Ϊ𾪵ĻһϢ
ˣϻһˡ½ĵʮĳϣĶӡݣ
ʮĳϣݣ
굹һˣѾȫסˡ

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һϲãеʱڸоݱһ㡭ʣһ㶼֪޲ԣ޲
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һ֮󣬱ǺĿˡ
ϹУһ΢һ㶣֮󣬵˵ͷҪ̤㡮塯֮ȷô򵥵ġϹУǴ֮ϹʱڣӡбԴ֮зָһ˿Ϊ֮Ҳֻнȴ֮塯֮ĺ塭
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һ΢һ£漴üͷҡҡͷνϹţʵҲǺֻǰϡŹţǰ֮ǰǧ֮ǰ硭㱻˳֮ΪϹšΪΣȴǲ˽ˡ
˵ţһҡҡͷ
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ޣȻֻС壿Զʱɴ۾
໹˵ڵʱûжǿߡϾ֮󣬿ûжǿûгһǿṦʱ򣬼ΪСҲ⡣
ǲͬٵޣӳʼӵмΪǿͨ˾Ÿ²ͣĳʵԼ֪ü޴ӳ꣬ﵽ۷֮ӵнӽǿ
Ȼ壬ڵʱȻͬһˮƽߵģ
һϷ·Ҳ˼ԣ𾪣Ҳ͵˵ͷ˵ǵġ˵˵ġЩѾʧ˵壬ԶǿޱȵĴڡЩոճӵг塯֮ʵǿ֪֮ˡ
塯֮ڣھǿߣ⻰ֱ𾪵Ҳ˵ˡ
࣬ͣУͣСеĿ꣬Ǵﵽھ졭ȻЩϹ壬Ȼӵôǿ⣬ڿЦô
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һ㶣漴οЦһҡҡͷ
漴һٶѯʵϹʱڵȲ˵ˡҵǶϹкǺ桭ܸϸ˵˵ôݿһϡ
һһ㶣תһ룬ȴҲȻ
죬ϾֻһʮˣǶδ徢ʱһЩøԶҲ
±˵֮ǰ˵ϹǴбԴ֮зָһ˿Ϊ֮ǹֳʮ˵ÿһ֮У̺бԴĴ֮֮󣬼ֱǵأصǿߣҲ޷ֵġ
΢һ֮һϽ˵Ϲȴ֮Ƿѳ֮󣬴󲿷ֶѰΪĵطţ춯ʱǾҪɶ뿪ر֮ɣΪҪ룬κ˶޷ץסǵġԡǵĴźܶ࣬ȻõģȴǼټ١ֻӵͨĴͨߣأڰصǿߣпܵõ֮һ
Ȼ֮䣬أڰصǿǺεϡ٣һֺƴҪ֮£ҵϹУɹ֮񡭡ǰ׵飿УԵʵȱһɣ
˵һͣȴĿһۡ
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ݶʱһȻЩɵ˵ء
һϼⷬ飬ʱ΢һ㶡Ȼ֮󣬱ǲ²⣬Լ˵̫أЩİɣ
뵽һһЦŸпʣһٶΪɫĴڡʣܱŬ佾꣬Ƕϵľ磬ǷǳпܵģǸʱӵ㹻ĻԵõһҲǲܡЩ̫һЩԡŬɡ
һȻ漴ȴһһģжʱӿж
һʼϹС˵ǰɼĿģΪ˴ԼøԶ̬ȻԼΪ˵ʵ²𾪷ʱΪԼܵ˴ûģ˵˺һ仰ĿģԼһȷ̬ȥϵС˵࣬ҲǺΪġ
뵽һ¶Ц˵ţһŬġ
һϣĵ˵ͷݵ񣬸
Ȼһ֮ȴֿʵǡ½¼ϼһͼǷͼҲйϹеΨһһͼǡˮԵġһΪչĹŹǵʲô


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£޷ֿݶʱɴ۾һ
һϿ϶ĵ˵ͷ漴˵ԵߣҲ޷ֵ
أٶȵɴ۾
жʱҡҿȷʬӶͣԼ̶ˮľٶĻֻɽ֮УѾǶһıˡ
B쾳ǿ߶ûа취ıݵʱֻǺŲڶѡֵܵ
ȻȴѾףԼԸҪˡ
Щʱգһֱ뵽ҪҪٷء塱һˣ취õϹˮȻգǸоԼûʵӦصĹŹʯţò
Ȼ뵽Ķ˵ɽ۹԰֮ôʵǡơֱ硭Ǻ̶֮е
ϹˮԱߵýֺͷ붼Ǿǵ֮޷Ϲˮ⣬Ȼǽϡ
ҲһŶԡ
Ȼһһ˵ⶫֱʵϹˮĴˮû֮ȻҲûΪõĿˡ
ԭֻǻû֮ﰡЩʧĸп
ʲôԭֻǻû֮һȴͻȻЦ˵ǶȻϹˮĴˮûȻѾϹˮ˼ңԼĸԡ˵˵ϹˮΪˮ֮ôһģͷչĪˣͨչҶҶ֮󣬱Ŀšȫͼʾ֮״󣬱Ǳ־չѾȫʵγһ챦˱֮ǿϵǿߣֱáǿ߶ҪܵһЩǣơδ֮󡭡һ䡮û֮Ը
һҡҡͷڴ½ĳһ䷢һϹˮֻ䷢֣û񣬱ǾϹˮԶݶȥ£һ̶һչʱǹδҶֻһǶѡȻϾҲѾԼĸԣǡþˮߣӶԼľΪȻǽչ뺮̶һͬԼ֮С֮󣬾֪֮Уʹһɱı֮⡭ŵ깥ؼ깥ʱǿҲմˣֻǳѣչ֮ܣɼһߣȻԶȲϳ˵ĹȴҲǼΪѵá˴ԴҲҪõı
ݵʱ͵һʧУʱ¶ľϲ֮ɫȻ漴һĨϲɫʱȥֻȻ˸һ˿˷ܵĹâ
·תǷ·ת
Ϊǹֻǻû֮ͬλӰӣȴֻǻӰѡȻû뵽ô¡Ȼӵܣ
Ǿɽ֮еչļǵãδȫ̳͡Ҳ˵ԾΪ֮շ
Ϊ쾳ȴܻɱ쾳ǿߣǺεһܣ룬㹻˷ˡ
ݿûǣһԴ쾳ڵΪɱ˶ʮ쾳Բǿ߰
аܣȻѹסͷļ֮Ϊ̾ĵȻǶշߵҪһҲܸ߰ɣշ̣Ҳһܷɣ
ѹͷڴʵ
⵹ǡչȻˣҲڱշ֮ڲδշ֮ǰֻؼ֮ѡֻҪշߵ֮壬շһϸпвδݵĲԾЦ˵
һƾϲʱӶ
ˣҪˡŵرǿġʣֻҪŬУûȱպɾҲǲġһϸпһ֮󣬱ǶЦ˵
̧ͷ˿ɫһϱЦˣɫѾ磬Ȼȥɡ
ԣһЦŵ˵ͷǱһϣҶȥ
һ·ϣݵıʱܣ˸ݡ
չڱصã
һݼӿĲ

صԺʱɫѾ󰵡ХУȴǴ˷ܣĺȴδаֵĲʡ
ʱѾʼԼǰһˡ
ʱҪץһЩȾ˻ᷢѾ˵Էǰһշչǲˡ
ݱ߱ţȴЩ
ϾڿǴҪȥϻëǱ֪ݺ³ɶ
˵ʲôҲҪƴһƴ
֮бͲѿʵĹżֶͽġȻͽὫ󲿷ֵضԼһ飬Ȼ󵱻ϵѡִлݱܡ
Ȼݲֻ㾡֮ĶĲЩʱҲܴ
ֻһζģǻǺݺݵ׬һʣ
ݲ֪ѾȫѪҺԾ
вǿߵıݾŹ
ңǿϹˮĴ֮ûġУǲ֮ʱ˹϶֮Ӧòֻӵгǿɱѡ
ȴҪǹ֮Լٺúõооˡ
ţѾ߽˴ţͥԺ˴
ʮĳүˣ
һЦ֮ͻشݵĳ˼̧ͷ漴ͿޱЦ
Ѿͷ
һ֮Լ˼¶οЦҡҡͷ
ݻûʲô취˵뿪޼ҵһʱԴ΢չˣݶĴмĪ˵ѾͷƢԿʣԴ棬˵ҲеϢοΪһƺֶԷ
οЦѾͷʱüЦ֮дżֵ⡭
˶˵ʮĳϿѵõţΪԼﵽĳ̶ȣ˶ݶǼΪη


221 γߣ
֮еŮū֮УҲֻŸáʮĳүֲײĳνȤԷ˰ɣ
̡ƽ㡭
ҡҡͷݲСѾͷƬӣ߽˴кһ
ߡ
ȻݵкޱƵȴһ壬˶Էһۣ
ݲգһ۾ԵЩĪ뿪ʱ򻹺úõģͻȻˣ
˰
ݻع񣬴̱Цкһ³ԷɡҺͱС㶼Ѿˡ
ŶݻعЦͷӦһһλȥһԵŮʱꡭ
ȻЩĪĿޱƣԷȻЩˡһȻڸԼ
ʵЩͷԡ֪Լʲôطˡ
ǺǣЩ԰ɣ˶ˡ
кһɻеӦһ
̣óԣ㳢
һޱƱǸ̼˼òˣЦ绨˵ݳһȥԼһЩ
ȻȵޱƿԼʱȴְԼۡ˵ԼУǶԷԼˡ⣬ô°
գһ۾ͻؼһˣЦŸޱƼȥٺЦƽ㡭óԡ
ޱƵĶ΢һ٣ѾɹĽ˷Ȼ漴ޱȴǰһۡг¶Цݵļи˴̣Ц̣óԡ
Ǻǣ˺ˡԼ԰ɣҶԲˡ
Ц˵
¿ɵˡԼĵԷˣ
üͷ˼ڤ롭
ޱƳһۣһɵϣüͷʲôһģжʱһЦáһĳΪ˼ʮĳˣ
ޱģȻݲڶԷѾΪʮĳϵϢԼôΪԷء
һżһɵģޱһԹȻҲʧӰˡ
ô˵ԷܻԼĵܵء
̾ҡҡͷޱŻڵ˵Ǽĵʮĳˣ
ŵ΢һµ׶ԷԵˡ
¶˼ֿЦ
ڵЩ˼ˡԼǼʮĳϣչأ޼ҳµˣҪԼġ
˵˵ҲûʲôŪһ֣ȷͦϰߵġ
ޱƣҲϰ߰ɣ
ҽ㣬㻹ش𣿡ޱưһۡ
⡭ô˵εʼ磬ֿ̯Ц
ޱƲһ漴ҲҡͷʧЦǰԼʲôֱ˵ǼĵʮĳϡֻԼҪΪ˰ɣ
ޱƲ뵽ԼոյõϢʱʧ̬°ͶزλˡҪǴԼȷϢֻޱƻǲء
ߡǳϻʲôҸ񡭡
ޱ˰ֻ֮һ죬˵
ЦǰǰҸ˰ɣСᣬʮĳϵĽˡ˵ţվޱƴһ
һõޱƶʱ۾漴һЦ˳
ӡУݿһֱǱȽϴݵԸȽġû뵽Ҳһ氡
Ц˳֮ȻҲúгޱ¶ЦݣٱЦϲҳΪʮĳϵĽ㣬һ
ҲЦžٱһˣӶЦ
ޱȻȻҲ֪ݳΪʮĳϣһΪĵ
ƣޱֻһʱ֪ݼദȥѡԲŻ˰ɣ
ϾޱƴСܵĽٻЩȼġݵһΪҲֻΪ˴еһ˿ڶѡ
ЧȻ

һٷԵ죬ޱƷŸȥޱݣǻصԼķС
ڴϣһ
չڱصãңԽ絽֣Ұġ
һ˴ȻԶһأڵĽҲҪʮڶʮĹ򡭡
ݿɲðմ֮һΡ
һǱΡΣգɻǾһЩΪȻѾ쾳ڣϾɡôߵĵطһʧȥҲһ
ټϡݿɲȷ˾ǲѾ˾塣СһЩȥȽϺһЩ
һʱǡˡ͵֮󣬱Ҹͷ
У˾
Ȼ֪ԽԽãƺʱƺҲ󡭡
ǾѾ֪ûлǾˡ⼸ʱͻȥˣҲֻ˵һԼչĻԵδˡ
˾һ붨ȥ

һʱգһķƽ˾š
첩˫ȥĵ죬Ը⽫֪һжҪǷŹĶ١
˫֮󣬴Ӧˡ
Ķٱ޼ҡǵ첩棬֮ġ
һ֮첩һС
ȻմŮõģֻһֵ߶ѡ첩ȴһۡһ֮ء
һɽĵײ÷ˮƤš棬ϸļ¼а޼ҵİߡ
ʵϣ鸸޼ңǸ˾ְġ
鲻˵ȻǴ̽޼ҵĺĻܣȻ𽻸μҡ
ʲôҲֻҪͣԼ޼ҵ̳ߡεʵ
첩ְ񣬱ǰߣռ鱨Լİ硭ģʵǳµҪá
һΣ첩ɳǰϪ۵Ҫһֲ»治һ׵¡
֮󲿷ֵİ߶޼ҵ˸ˡԷԶϪֻϵ磬ȴ޷ȡϵԣһֱ˫Ѷ֮󣬷֪ݣ¶ˡ
֪Ѿ޼ȫ֮ʱѾȫĴ͡
ڼϿ̵ĥ뾫˫ش֮£Ǳˡ
ٱ֮ǰǵһӡҲΪˡֱ뿪һ֮Ž
ǷΪ꾡а޼ҵμҰ߶Ǳ¶˳˫˶ʱȥϴ
Ȼϴ֮ʱŷ֣о󲿷ֵˣ첩ܵĵգѾȻ뿪޼ҡ
Ȼ˫һЦҡҡͷȴҲͲˡ
ʵϣҲǵļƻ
֮Ŀ֮½첩ֱãܴһԭ򣬾Щ߿ġʵǴЩһѶšϾҪҵˣ뿪ɡ
ʵϣҲһ׼һ첩ĺܼǿԸ˵ָô죿һţ߲ٵİߵġ


222 ǰ壡
ʵҲ֤ǵļƻ൱ɹġߣߵһ롣ֻһЩмӣȻŸλΪ첩ˡ
֮ЩмҲһ³ǵԴʬ壬˺ɽ
ɽûУҰȴ١ȺҰȻǳһٺܲ͡
첩ˣȻҲö˵ǲܻġѾ̵ȥֽŽѾһˡɱѾûС˫һ̡ϾĴЩߵмҪһЩ϶һ첼Ȼű˺ɽ
һߣ޼徻ˡ
һνѵһνѵֵ֮õôջ޼ͬԡ񣬴ɢһ紺һһЩԲǺʺϵ»޸ġڿϻʱҪӴ½չһ顰ѪʯԴС
⡰ѪʯǷǳһʯͷʼʱһѪҺȵʯͷȫ֮ͳΪ֤ǲԼѪõıˡ
ֻҪһѪҺѪԵϵôѪҺͻᱻա֮Ử䵽ϡ
⡰ѪʯΪȻЧ֮ȻȴǼΪϡ١ûбѪȾģǺڴ½ϣ꣬괫еļ֮Уʯͷ
޼Ȼǧ꣬ȴҲûеõһϡˡ
һεҵ¼޼Ѿ⡰ѪʯһҪõˡΪ֤ǲԼѪΨһ
νѪףҲûСѪʯļľ׼
ȻѪʯΪǿıһ㣬ȴȻеҪõȴҲûʲô취

ʱٶȻšڵ
ȣȴһЩ
ݵֻΪ޼Ҹոҽս꣬ҲһЩˡͬҲҪտ٣Ҳǿġ
࣬Ҳнӽǧǰ롭ֻҪзǳҪ¶߲ˣ
֮⣬һĿ
ǳ裡һμǿ֮ʱ޼˵Ļ޼ңȻ˽ȥ
ƽȵ˵ǳʱ򣬶˼֮ȴ޼˶ҧгݣеȭͷš
˵ﵽһ޵ʱۻһתʼ޼ҵҫ
֪ΪʲôΪǰ桰ǳ衱Ϊ̵棬һѾһӵ޼ҫʱ˵ĵһΪԺΪԼΪ޼˶еԺ
Ʒͬһͷڵޡ˴γֵģȴݡ
ǰһһգͷߴ׵ġԳֹ֡Уһ֣ɫԪգǽ޵ͷ­նµʱ򡭡޼ˣˣ
ȻѾ֪Ѿﵽ죬ȻϾֵˣ޼ֻС֡о󲿷ֶʵǴһʺŵġ
Ȼգ޼˵棬ǡݵʵǿʤʮĳλãһĳͬһȼ
Ⱥ֮еĵСԱһɵۡ
Ƕ޷󡭡Ϫϣֱŵһͷ׳ڵҲҪķѾţ֮ɱꡭڶ̶̲ʱȻѾܹ׾٣Ľһͷ޻֮նɱ⣬һַĽٶȰ
пĿŸ̨ϱ鵭Įݣ֮󣬷ų³һ

һƬ֮У
ŵģǡϼ
ǵǰġϼ֮ʱݻֻһ󱲵ӶѡҲڵյϼ֮ϣһŹʣӶʽ޼˵
Ȼʱ꣬һΣȻ˵Ľ㡣Ȼͬǡǰ꣬˵Ŀ֮͸¶ģζǳǼڽȻ֮еĿ⣬Ѿˡ𾪣Ǿ壬Ľ
̶̵ʱ䣬ɱ䣡
ڸ̨֮ϣ̨̨֮ϱŵǣݣȴǳ³һùңѾȡҫ㣬ܿɣ

ϼҲĻ꣬жʮ޼ҵĺӵܣȡ˽Ϫʸ񡭡ǣʥá
ǣݷ·𿴵ǰԼпǧ
ʵ˵ҲʮѡЩ֮У˵þвٱ󡭡ȻȴȫһֳĿ⿴ǣһ˿ʲôԾʵǹŹ
ǵǰ꣬ҲЩСһһء
ʥ¥һݲվڴڣǰյϵǡһϣ¶Цݿ˵
һ㶣漴Ҳ¶һ˿΢Цͷ˵ǰ̼ǵõմһۣ·ȫһͨ͸Ŀ⡭
һһ㶣漴ЦʱҾ;СӲ򵥡߲㣬Ҳʮѡû뵽֮ȻѾɳ졭ٶ֮죬ҸпѰһҡͷ˵š
һЦҲ˵
ʵϣǽ죬һȻһȫͨ͸ĸо
ڣֻվͬ˵ǰȻǿߣкܴĲࡣ
޼˵ǿ֮Уǵ׵ĴڡȻƱȽ϶һЩٶ΢һЩʵȴġ
뵽ݱһ۷壬ɻңԶء
ϼѾˡҲʱǰǾ壬ȡչˡ
ݸпһ֮ȴǰš
漴˵ϣٹʱ䣬ұͲˡ
һһüôˣ
ЩʱգҵʵҲһƽȵĽ׶Σ쾳ҲѾȫ̡ȴʱԼһʱˡѧԼһһȻѾﵽ֮Լȴ֪ҶƿأȴЩ̫ˡ
ݽѾ˵Ľ˵˳
һһ΢漴˵ͷµĻȷһЩðɣֻҪʱʥ֮УһҲͿˡ
¶ЦݵǵȻˡʲôĵطһҪء
ӭӭһϴЦ˵
£ʥһһ֮ݱǸ뿪ˡԺ

ޱȻҪһ
ݸǣԼҪ뿪Ĵͬʱһѧ⾳ޱȻûǿˡ
ָ֮˵һۣȻҲǸɴӦ
ô峿ݱ뿪޼ңԣŵռ֮еķȥˡ


223 Ͼ壡붴
س֮ȻһƬɵѩƮݹһˣ̤ǰ·
·ȥ뿪ʱѾԵɣȻҲǲʾ뱦ɽֹ顣ֻԼӱϣһ·ᳵ·ȥ
ȥ뿪ʱһµʱ䣬Ϊһ·
˵ȥһסѩ衯⡮ѩ衯Щ̫⣬ܷȴЩ㡭лᣬҪֲһ¡
ݱߣš
ǡѩ衱˵һߡһҪͷһִ֮ʱȻҲͶ˼ֿ⡣ʹ⡰ѩ衱ܣȴ޷⡭٣ǱȲײ粽ȫڷ״̬似ġ
ʵϣôʱݻûкúõʹùԵ֮ʱЧΣȻҲǲ
Ѿﵽ֮ӵ֪ڸ򣬱֮֮ʱȴǶ˼ơֻʱÿնһιУԼΪ硣߾ʥڿ飬ûʲôʱȥˡ
õչʹ÷ȴҲ·ϸ佣ˡ֪춼֮磬һ־£
Щڴţ·ٶȣҲӿһЩ
ڣʮʱ䣬۶ݣҲʱһʱٶȻصǸƣһ۸ɽľ֮£

֮µĻȻľһ׳ȻΧɽ壬ӶϣȻ¥ݡ
̧ͷȥĿľԶһƬƺ
ѾǿߣĿȻҪǰǿ౶
ԣ֮ͻȻһ˿ɫԪ֮ɫʱ򣬷ƺʱнϡģѾȫʧ
˶ˣ
ȻĿ룬ǧ֮࣡壬ȻǸߵľˣ
Ƭ֮ݳ³һ֮еľâʱɢ¶˼ء
˷˾ǵ֮£ȴǲ֪ûлˡڣ𣿡
вš
ȥ˲١ơӡơϣ¾˾жϵˡôпǻɽ֮ϵġ
ΪչܣȻҪȵ֮󣬷ŸӵǿһЩ
Ʋ⣬Ϲˮ֮ԵڻûбգԵɣչδȫ죡
һõ۷ǿҲɵѵıû˻׷
ԣұҪС²С
뵽һоâ΢֮󣬱Ǻɣֱӷ˳ȥ
ȥ껹ֻʮ۷ѣѾƽص֮ŲƣѴ֮
Ƭ֮Ѿ˵һƺ֮С
ţ
ļȻݵɫ΢һüͷ漴ȴЦһ૵ǲ󡭡
˵ָֻ֮꣬ͻ˸ɫԪâָ
ʱ䣬ɫԪâֻġ࣡죬漴һ˻һ֮ͬ߳ʱ
ǲ¶һ˿Цݡ
֮ǿ֮ڿطȻ֮⣬ǿߵԪ֮ġҲҪǿĶ࣡
ǳ־Ǳ֮ٶȡûа취롰ԪᲢ۵ġ
֪һּΪ
ſ֮󣬼ֱͬһʮȵ۾֪ܷųԶôⷶΧ֮ڵһ˿ϸ΢ĲҲ޷ߵĸӦ
ݵ֪ɢ׿⡭Ҳ˵ںڰ֮Уݱ˫ۣ׿֮ڵһЩӲĸӦġ
ڷΧ֮⣬һƬڡ
ͺñһ˵ĿĿ֮ڵκһֻϵëȻǳʱһƬڰ
ʹõʱ򣬻ǲϰߡ
ȻѾȫϰָо
ţǸӦⷶΧ֮ڣмСߣ׼ȴɱ˶ѡ
ڵٶȣЩĽҵޣַӦҲеġ
ᳵ·šٶȼ죬תŲ֮䣬ƽء
ڣһƺѾ˹ȥǰ˵ڶƺ
壬ƺǧһǧһǧסҲǷ嶥֮һ
չڵλãڵڶҲǧ״ƺ֮С
һ·ݷ˲ٵޡЩ޶Ϣͬһ֮ϡ
ݵĿСǱȥǾеޡԣδȥЩޡ
ݵʵСĵĲȥЩޣôЩ಻ҵޣǲܷġ
ʱѾмǵƺ֮С
ݵٶȷһһСѰ
Ҫȷġչڲڡ
ڣȻһк˵ˡôͻٶ뿪˴
ΪǱ־ţ˴ˣѾˡ

׼֮ԾţѰŵյǸ߸
֪ѰȻҲǷࡣټּǵôµλãԣƬ֮ݣѾѰҵˡ
ֻһԾ˵ˣȻԡα鵤ٿǾޣ֮͵Ǹ±ڰ֮
漴ݵĿһɨ۾ͻȻһ
ֻǰݵıԵ֮µļߺӵĺǣȻڡ
ЩֻʣһЩǣѾݳԹ⡭뿪֮ʱӡ
ݵľɵ΢һ𡭡
ӣʱ䣬Ӧûû
ţݽ²ٳɣǳǶ֮ȥ
ȻԵüΪġ
ȻѾ϶˴ûĶȻΪСġ
һͽһСĵĶͽĽȹܶ
֪ȫķ˳ȥ
ݵ֪Դ˲̽鵽Ρ
Ȼ֪뵽ʮҵĵطҲӵչĶϵʱݵɫȴͻȻһ䡭
ֻΪ֪Ȼһɾ赲һ㣡Ҳ޷֣
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224 չ
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ͬݶԡ˶ǳ죬֪ɢ⣬޷ԶԷһ۶ܿԷΪ֮֮һϣȴֻоԷһҵߡΪһܹԼ֪Ӷݵ̽һּ󡭡
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չϾҲϹˮ֮û֮ǵСȻһ˵ǿߣֻһ֮Ϊ֮ܽշȴҲܴˡȫ׼ǲʲô⡭
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225 ˷֣ݿֲľ
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ݲ֪ԼľΪǿ󡭡ΨһĽͣҲֻСԽˡ

⵽ҪʱշԽԽĺУԼԽԽǿҵĲֻ壬Ҫ˰
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226 ߣܣ
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һֻݣݵٶȿľˡֻһ𶯳򣬱ǽӽһ֮ң÷۵糸ݣֻǺΪ
ȻһŭȴǼ겻֮ǵŤͷһֻۣĸȶٶȣٶȼӿһ㡭Ȼֻһ㡭
޵ıϣһżΪŵĿ۵ĺͷץ
ͷӳĺϲСһΪŵİɫۣһϣԵüΪ֡ͷ뷢԰ףȥʮӣȻ֮ȴݹⷺԵüΪ󡣰ְ׺ȫȥƲ۱ǵıǶɫͨ죬ϵ̶СۣС棬ȴǼļŨü
һ޴Ͻƺ«ƺ«ԳƵϾ޴ֻ֡Ϊ¶ûƺ󡭡ȻǺ«ȴ䣬Եû쳣
ͷɴһ̶СۣٵʲôԵüΪ
ӵıǰܵ˰
ͷӼҪ˳
Ӧ֮ԼǰطѵġǴʮ±ͻȥġ
ںǱȴǷһЩ˼¶ͷϲֵļһǾǱ߶һһꡭ
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ӵֱӰ˸öãǵ̰ĵŪʲôչС
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۵糸ǰȥ

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һƬ̶һʶУ
ֻǺ̶Ȼ䵽˽ɫ֮ϡȴǡǽɫ·
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һ˲仯Ϊɵĺӣ·Ծȥ


227 ùķ
ҵĺ֮Խܼɽ֮⣬һʯĴɽ֮䣡
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ǰɽ֮ʱɪɪ֮УɽʯľǷĵ䣬·Ҫһ㡭
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ҵʮ֮󣬰һȻ֮֮󡭡ָƽ
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סˡǱûѣԼᱻˡ˸ȸԾ֮ɫ
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ֻߵģɲÿİ֮ϵ壬ѩ׵ĺüë֮ϣǹ˱ǾƲ۱ǵıǶ֮Ѫһͨ졭
ȻߵıȴǼΪɽһ۲ɨǷһۡȴõԭһķȫëʱоɱ
Ɀ񣬵Ӽһⱦԭ򡭡Ϊɵġ͸ӵűɣ
߶ݺݵ˵ȻһֻȻֱӻ˳ȥ
Ȼɣ
߸ûȥ԰ֱ֮䣬ƺ֮ȥ
ķٶȼ죬ʱѾ˵ڶƺ֮Сֻ֪΢һɨɫʱȻ䣡
ζʱٿ켸ֱ֣ӳɽ֮зȥ
ȥ֮֮ǰڵİ֮
Σûɽ֮УʧƬ֮󡭡
ĵűӰɣ
һŭ𣬶ʱӾ֮д˳ɽ֮ϵķ޻͵һһ˫ӥ֮жʱ¶˻̿ɫȻڰ֮ȴûиҷߡ
ŭ羪һ㣬˳ȥò˥·ǷݵƺҲǱһŭ𡭡ɢˡ

֮֮飬Ѿȫݵˡ
־ʮʱ䣬ݣѾص춼ʵϣڶ֪Լ뿪ʱһֱɵŵľˣǻصǸΪ͵ľˡ
ȻҲͲ֪һͷ޹ķޣΪԵʣ˰ˡ
˵ʮ׵壬ĻҪĹǲݵĿǷΧ֮ˡ

ʮʱ䣬ȻҲδš
չһҲƳ粻ѵıжǿܣѾݵУܲһ£
ʶУ̶Ưڽɫ֮ϣһǽĽɫԼ֮ϡʮʱ䣬ɫ壬ѾȻһ˿
֮УֻоһĸдԼ꣬ԼʱأһµʸС


228 չ֮һ
Ҳչս֮ʱܱǿսʱʱܱ̿ԣͲð˴յĵõ
Ҫ֪ɾԲֻʱʱ̶̿оʶѡʱ̱ܹʱ̱һѵ״̬״̬֮ķ似ЧƽʱǿһЩ
̶̵ʮ죬;Ϣ֮ʱ͸֮ܵеĺô쾳ڣѾȻһ˿ɶļڻǰš
һΪµٶȣ
һۣһ飬һϣ߳ϵˡȫǰ˾ʮ꣬ӽĸˣȻǵΪֻ쾳ڣڵĳ̶ȡֻ˳ϴﵽ쾳Բĳ̶ȡ֮ٶȽһֻ
Ȼݽ쾳Ҳ˾Ÿµʱ䡭ס쾳ڵľ磬ѾһϸпԷ֮ˡȻڣȻѾȻоڵľһЩɶڿʼչˣ
ٶ˵ȥֻ¶ʱҪһ֮ԼһȺϼһԹˡ
⣬ʱ̱״̬֮ĺô
һʱʱ̿̿԰Լӿٶȵıβֵðȥ֮õ
οⱦӵһϡҲۺ첻ѵĹ⣬ǲö˵ˡƴҲҪŪְ

ȻĿǰΪֹݻֻǸоһѡ˵֪ȴûʲôͷ
֪˵֮ȻĴڣƺʵûʲô
һ㹥ҲûСôӵչܱ֮ɱǿߵأ
һݺǿա
ԹҪ֪һͷ׵ޣʵʵ깥֮ȴδ֪ɱġɢĳԷ̫౶ľѹֱӽĸεƶġ
ЩЦã
ڵѹѾ㹻šˡȷһϢǡⲢʹչķνĺʣֶҲûֳ
ȴָǺã
ݲ²⣬᲻Ტֱ֮ӹǽӳֵԼ֮ͨУȻԪΪý飬
֤ݵʵǿһͷޱɱҲ˺ʡȴȻĸоǺʣԼеˮķϵĺʣȴչ̺ġ
ôѵҪԪ֮Դʵ֮Ϊý飬ͬһͬóȻչĺʱԳˣ
뵽ݵ
һʹõ似ûкʵĴ󱯷ơ
󱯷ƵľʽѾѧ롣֮ʽҲСڡǰӡȴҲղ˵ġʹõʱܸоһЩʲôݺЩΡ
󱯷ƹʽӡӡʽһصӡ֮⣬ӡأȴѾȫˡֻǣԲѡ
һ飬ʹõǶ־ҲǵɱԸӵһС
Ȼ֤뷨ҲǴġѧ֮ǿҪԭΪ֮ȻԪ뾫ֻһϵöѡʹԼԪͬԵĹһЩЧʹõԵ칦ԼԣҲûа취ӳֵյĹȥġ
ԪˣĪ˵Ǿˡ
ԺȻ飬ʧܣ
⣬Ȼ˿˼֮С۽ʵޣҲûİ취
ݣϾ̫ˡʮ˾Ÿʥڿ飬ȴҲ޷ֲʶ̵ȱݵġ⣬뷨ȻҲǼоˡ
ӣ佣֮еҪճˡ佣Щ⣬Ӧöܵõ𡭡
ݰš

һһأһķ˶ʮʱ䣬Ȼ󣬻ص޼ҡ
һе飬ȻûиκἰǸˣһЩܵĲô
һʱ䣬ƺֻص֮ǰ״̬֮С
ÿտ飬һιιеȵȡ
Ȼÿ붨ǰһǱǣоչİأ
ҪβܽӳһϿУǿߣҲõǿս
оƺһʱһᡭ֪ûйô̺֮ԣָβķӳأ
ʵЩŪ̫ˡ

ʱȻţܿģݷ޼ҲѾʮ졭
¡չɫȻ磬춼ĴѩʼڡÿʱΪʱΪߣ⼸ʱ򣬶ǴżΪʵްġ
ʱƫϼӳ޼ڸ
ԣ
һȣļȻʥ֮д˳һԡļȻ΢һ£ţһֽȴͻس֣â˵۾Ҳ̲ס΢
ֻʥǰСյ֮ϣһӰ߸Ծ𣬴ͨɢŽɫĹâһˡһģԲι΢֣һŹֵӡŵ棬Ȼ䡣
֮ϣһ۾һ˲˲Ķǹ˵Ķ˹һϵ۾ʱһ漴Ҳôһӭ˵Ĺ
ֻһ޴ޱȵӡԿ֮˵ұ֮˦ǱһǿŤۿһӡҪһϵϣȴֻƱâ΢һǾ޴ޱȵƽӴһ˲䣬ȴ͵һתļȻ
һɫԪʱǺȻ֡ǽɫưһǰת֮󡭡ļȻ֡

ɫӡһϵıɫԪʱһǿĿ磬һߡ
ʮ֮ľȻأ

Щľ۵ķȼﵽҪ۶ϵĳ̶ȡãֻƬ̣ʧľ֮УɢһصҶ
ա졭ǹˣء
Ϲâɢȥ¶Ρ˹ˣݣ
󱯷ƵȷǾ˰
һЦ˵Ŀ⿴ݣҡͷпСӵ˵õļֱ˼ʰҲͰˡһˣȻǵõһŸľѧҶ̲סЩˡ
һϿݣ̲סҡͷ̾
ѧȻûķǰҪ󣬵ȴҲǼΪѵõĴڡǿ޼ҴǧҲ¼˰ѧϱͿԿһѵá
Ȼݽֻһ£ǵõһл񡭡һϳ˸֮̾⣬治֪ȥˡ


229 ֮˵
ʵҲǲ֪󱯷ƾȻġ飬Ƿ˰οЦ˵
һһü漴¶Цݣ¶ĵ˵ͷ
˿ݣһ棬ȻΪԷ޼ΪߡȻһ棬ȴΪӵԡ
ӼΪ飡һ㣬ǿΪһỤ̊뵱ʱԼǿܶ౶ΪϣͿԿˣ˵ʵײϵˡ
⣬ҲһԵɡ
򣬱ݵǿһҲһ̵һǣѵԽԽ˲ġ
һȴǡڴֳԸ񡪡Թ˭˶ãܼǵס
һϺ⡭
ݲδ⵽һеһüͷ֮ʵϡ֪ΪΣǸо󱯷ʹõʱЩ⡭еʱܸоһƻӳӦûҪ౶ġȻط֮ȴҪеС࡭⵽ô£
ѯһϣ󡭡
ָоһʼǲԣȻʵԽԽǿѧָ֮оǿգ̲סѯ˳
һü漴¶Ц˵ұ˵˵ɡ
۾ʱһ˵ͷ
һϳƬ֮󣬿˵֪ģУڹԣ󲿷ֶΪġȻвһЩ֮컯ԣ޳֣Ϊټķߡ
˵ͷЩȻ֪ġǡ޳֡ǰ˳ϡҲǵձٶȣҲΪ𾪵λϡ
ȻʵϣЩԣǴ֮зֻȥġ޳ֵġ硯ԡʵϣ̥𡣡糤ƣơ˵ģһԣ̥ڻ𡣹ԣ̥ͬڻ𡭡确סԣ硯ԣڰԣԣʯԡȵȵȵȡЩԣʵϻٶйء˵ϣֻССԣҲǺΪ
Զʱһ㶣漴ȴǰͷ
㣬ᣡ
Ϫϵһ㡭Ʋ㡱硱ȵȵȵȣԶ̥ˮԡֻǱַʽĲͬѡԣˮԱͬ׵һٶȡôһ
У֮ʼΪУء
һϸп˵
֮Ϊ֮ǰе硣ǣ㻹ǵ˵֮⾳Ե˺𣿡
һϻһתѯݡ
΢һ㶣漴˵ͷǵá
һϵ˵ͷЦŵѵЩ֣Ȼضй죬ǻΪΣﵽ֮ԵĹֲΪҪĴˣ
һüͷ֮󣬵˵ͷȷЩ֡
һһЦʵ֡Ϊ֮ĲȻʾأֻˡ
ַеԴԡ
һ˵ţָָԼͷ
һ㶣ü֮ɻ
һ۾һĵ˵ͷ
ΪĴڡӰΣȴʵĴڡޱǿ󡭡ڿԽɡȴޱȵСһͷһ׵Ҳ޷ɱ⣬УȴУޱǿȴޱС֮塭
һ̧ͷգޱȵĸп֮ǿ˲ȥҪȥκһطڿƾչһ硣Ȼ֮һͷ޵ʱ಻Ϊ˵ǲǺ˼
Щͣգһ۾ЩˣȴЩɻ
ȷһϵ˵֮ΪĴˡ⶯֮䣬ֹǧֻҪ룬ʲôط㶼ȥȻȴûаֵɱֶ֮ͿɱޣҲ޷ɱ
ȻЩ󡭡ʵڲ롰֮⾳ʲô
һϿһۣеɻЦ˵ǲǸо֣˵ĻʲôȻ
ʵĵ˵ͷ
ȥûʲôʵϣȴǺ
ν⾳ʵһͨ͸ô˵ûйأ
ʵϣԺ󣬱оž֮ʼоĸáȻͨһһо֮֡ȷһǳĶ
һھ֮Уӵ㹻ǿĻڿԱԽʵʮ
ļӳ֮£ǿ
ز˽ˣ㹻ǿڿԴֿ֮ܣ˵ȴڣ
⣬֮
ݲʶĵ˵ͷ
ǵģȷ
һͨĸŮûйκιȴԼĺܵвʱһ˲䱬ǿҲһܱٶߣΪʼ˵һ棬ڿӦѾ˵֮£һ죬죬ڸʱ䣡
⣬޷͵飡ҲͳΪ漣
ȻЩϾ̫ƮһЩȴԲݡ
һϲźĸ̾
ݵ˵ͷ漣֮ԱΪ漣Ϊ˳νĳҲǡҲ˵Ӱ챬ȵȵ޷Ϊٿصġ
ǡҵĴ󱯷ƣʲôϵأ
Ȼ˰죬ȷҲ桭ȴЩ̫סһ˵ôһλʵ⣬ʲôϵ
ǺǡҪżͽ͵ˡ
һЦЦ漴˵ݺᣬž֮Ǻܶġ֮ǣһ˿ͷΪݣӳ似֮СǲǣĸΪǿܸõĶԸޣ
ޣУвԸޣĹͬ⡭ԣ뷨ʵǼΪġ
Ե˵ͷȻأ
Ȼоǿʼˡ
Ͼž֮ȷǺܶܶ࡭ǿܽӳ似֮С֮Уˡ⾳ҲԵĸط򡭡֮Ա౾ʵʮٱáԪ壬ǵõһһĶ죬ڱҪǿ޻Ҫǿ⣬Ҳպˡ졯롮졯ֵ֮Ŀʼ


230 깥ؼ
ڣһЩɹĳǸʱ˲ŷ֡ԭ֮ķֻ֮жѣͬҲŸָ֮Щܱ֮˿ԵڣĳЩضĳ֮£֮ҪΪ嫣ǿᣡ
оԽԽ룬õĳɹԽԽḻͬʱǿԽԽ࣬һЩϹʱڵ֮ؿʼ֮УУõϹЩǿµĸֱص䡭֮෽ŷ֣ԭϹʱڣոճֵʱЩѾʧ˵ϹǣͶӳ֮ϵоѾﵽ˷ǳĳ̶ȣЩص֮µ湦̺Ÿָ֮
־һƾʱĽһоϡڣɣҲȫĳ
֮дŰȻϢѧն񣬰ԵޱȵħѧȣĪѧƽͣޱȵķѧԼâ¶ŵĵѧ⣬ѧɣ֮ѧԼһЩؼȫɣ
һЦ˵꣬ȴѾȫ۾
ħң½֮ϵѧȻֵôϸ£
ֻ۽ʱ󿪡û˵Щ
һЦŵ˵ͷеķͨķɵκһеĴ󱯷ȴڷѧ롭ȱ˷ӳ֣Ȼ޷ӳʮġ
ŻȻѹ֡ӡڶ޷СӣΪҵķǷķԵˣ
һϵ˵ͷЩп˵ɣķѧȫϣܷӳܣ֮ͨķ빦ܿҪǿ̫౶ˡ
촽ͻȻʵ޼ҵĽ֮ͬҲйķ롭ȴ֪Ǹɵģ
֮޼ڴ½֮¼ġѧķ롭ѧʣǰȻ
һ˵꣬ݲ뵽ձԽֶ֮Ը֮ʱĸоȷǸоһɰ֮ͻȻ˷ҪȫĽڿСԭȻѧķ밡
뵽ݵ˵ͷ
Ȼͻأ˼һ΢һ¡ʵˣϡ˵ϳйԼһЩؼ֮⡭Ķɡôνؼʲô
һü˵ؼķɾЩˡϾ½֮еĸ֮ǲңҲ޷˵ĳġ
ôʲô֮ΪҪֶεģ
һģʳԼҪʵ⡭
ЩʱоչĽȷ·ǽһ֮С
ȴδģʱÿ춼òͬķҪչԷӳʧܶա
һ̸ѧɣ˼һǴòһҵԵȻáҲҲʲôʧ
֮ΪֶεĹ
ݵһ΢һ¡漴һҲֻݱȽϺ棬δע⡣֮˵ַȻеġΪҪȴһǼΪĹ֮ǷǳԵõġ󻪹ֻĴɣпӵаɡ
Ŷݵ۾ʱһ佣ڣĴ֮һ
Ƕʲôطأ۾һ֮ȴѯʡ
֪֪ĹܣڶԵ֮ʱԹ۲֣ԼʹѧʱΪطزٵһԪءҪȻǲԶǣ֪ıȴûʲôҪ⡮֪ҲӵɱԣȴҪͨĳЩԴﵽǵõҸ˵չôչǺ̶ͬʱյʶ֮СȻ֮֮ӵɱǿߵΪһ֮Ϊֶεؼؼ֮չֱ֮ӹ˵ꡭ
һ֮󿪿˵˳˵һӡ
Ȼݳֻһ˵ѣĵô⣬ʵҪ֪ģڴһӣ
ʲôģ
ԣһʱûסԼϲʵ
ȴһ΢һ㶣ЩɻĿݡ
ݼ˲׵Լʧ̬ˣæɿ˼˹ȥ૵֮ҲΪֶΡҲ̫˧ˣֱվԭأֻҪ۾Ϳɱа
һȵһ㶣漴ݵ֮ȴ¶ȻȴЦ˳ҡҡͷ
ݵڣϾֻһʮѡһЩǿؼЩʧ̬Ҳǿġ
һϣ֮ǰ¶ľϲ֮ɫ˾㵡£ҲͲˡ
ݵõҪĴ𰸣ۿ̫Ѿɽͷһһ֮󣬱Ǹǣ뿪ʥá

һϵһͨݿνǻǳ
ȣ۽һ֪ϵĹȻֵǰ㸴ӡͬʱҲ⿪ͷһЩɻ󡭡
ȻѾ²⵽󱯷֮޷ȫܣΪеĹǷѧԵʡԵɣȴǲ֪ΪʲôзĹһʹó󱯷
Ȼ֪ˡԭѧ֮У̺һַֻ֡󱯷ϣؼһô󱯷ܱ
ȻҪǡչʶ֮УΪʲô޷ˡֻΪȱһ깥ط
ͬһյĿռ䡭ǿûһԽ֮Ҳû˿õġ깥ط˵һʶ֮չ
ֻǡ깥ؼһҲԵΪѵá֮вӵеġӣҲֻܵȽ佣֮취֮еõˡ
ҲֻԴźš
ӣչܣҲֻܵȵִ佣֮󣬵õ깥ط֮󣬲Գˡ
ţһ·߳ľСءԺȥ
صԺȴޱҲڡ
ʱ䣬ޱƾŴ̡ΪѾﵽ˵۷Բ㣬Ҳһ֮ʣҲȷǲġ
ϪѮвһѮޱƻµʱԴڼ֮С


231 
ÿҲǼΪ㣬Ȼн֮ȴҲ֪ȥʲôݶڸУǳΪĺȥÿϣǴ⡰Ժˣ봺ƢΪϡţҲΪޱƴСʧȥĸ̴ܴȺ͵ЦЦɣ
ŮӣԱȽһЩġ
ԺѾʮūˡݳΪ֮󣬼ŵġУһ˶֮ʱܹޱƵĶݣȻǽ˸ۡСˡҲǼΪ顭
һ롭ѾݸϵˣȻҲҶޱ˿ĵ񼸸¹ȥˣҲⷽһЩ飬дҲǼΪġ
ʵڵݣǲüסڡԺ˵ġ⡰ԺȻС˵ʵҲ޼Ҷϵסĵطȴǳϣӵиס⡰Ժ̵ѾסϰˣݱⷽҲûʲô׷󣬱Ҳл˼ĺ⣬Ӷһֱס
봺̣ޱƵ˻ù֮ͣݱǽޱƸ˳ȥ
ص䣬ݱͬһʼС
Ѿ֪ʱԼûа취ʹóչǿҲɴȽʶ֮еչ뺮̶һߣרĵ
չʱʱ̱̿ѶȵĹܣȴݺ⡭ЩʱգҲȲšȻûͻƵ쾳ڣѾǾ벻Զˡ
һҹ޻

մ峿մƲ֮̽ͷʱݱѾһ붨֮˹
һ¶һ˿Цݡ
Уûеġٶȼ̶ڳ˵ȻΪζȻݵȴطÿн֮һĽСⲢֲͣĸо
۷֮֮ھ֮ݵĿ꣡
Ȼȥʵ̫ңԶʲôϵأ
ݳʼ֮ʱ֮ҲΪңԶ𣿵ȴѾﵽ
ֻҪᶨԼ־趨õĿ꣬ЭһֱȥݼţһգﵽĿġ
ڡ
ݿǼǵһϸ˵ġϹʱڣɻűȵھΪǿ౶塭ȻЩȻǿôôͻȻصʧȥʲôط
ʵһֱɻһաֻ֪дﵽ۷壬пܽ⿪š
´һ壬ŶݿͥԺ֮ڡ
ͥԺūͶѾˣڴɨһҹڻ˻ѩ֮µĺۼ˹һʱǹֱӣү
Цŵ˵ͷ
ʱյУõݵҲǼãһ֮ݱתȥ
ðˣүӡ
뿪֮ūп˵
ǰլʺǰƽһֵƵĻƿֱŵ˶̱ȥɷֻЦЦûйҪǻүˣֻƽܱܲסְһū͸пĽӹ˵
šүҲΪºͣ˿ûдļӡ޼ĳϰǰطù֮ʱһЩʵ΢ǿһЩүһɶǸ߰ĺܡߣʵʲôɸ߰ģүһȣǸүЬʸûУ
һūЩ߷ߵ˵ȻеЩ߰ү£ӦǳԿġ
ūţŤͷѾ߽˴ݡȻ󣬲ּɨ
֮УҲѾˣ̷£׼͡
үˡˡ
һˣ¶Ц˵
ݵ˵ͷȻʺ˴̼봺һ͡
ϣݱǴȥʥá
ʱ䣬ÿĴ󲿷ʱʥ֮жȹġ
Լ뷨ȵϪһչʹǰ佣ڡȻĸʶǹ֮һЩʶȴȱĺܡʵҲ̫ǿԣÿնǰʥ֮Сһĥ似һһϴ֪һЩ֮ĳʶһҲ࿴һЩ顭ڵ뿪춼ͱ˿һç򡭡
ÿնĺǳʵڲͣԼָоУҲܡ
̴һкݣǾ߳ˡԺ
ʮĳϡʮĳϣ
߳ԺãһȴǴӲԶ˹פ㣬üȥֻһӣк˹˵ʱ΢һ㶡
ߣǵͬһȴֻӡһͳ졣
ӵ󣬻
Ǹͳ죿ʲôô
üѯʵ
ӣСǡ
˵䣬ѾݵĸǰԹĹ˵ʮĳϡ峤롭ڻʹ
үү
΢һ㶡
Եһүү֮۵ĹϵҲֲˡƺܾʶǺټ档
գ뵽Լˣ
ʲôôһüͷЩʵ
˹͡ڼег϶ѾȥˡȥһϡԱǿ˵
ͣ⻰ȴ΢һ㵡ʲôȻһҲҪ
һ޼ҵݿǼΪȻĴڣһεĺƽ٣һƾ֮ͽ֮Ρ޼ң˵ΪҪˣ
һΣĹͣȻҪ⡭
ʲôͷݲ
ڡæص
ǶݵĸоҲǼΪݣɽ첩֮нӴݵΪˣǿۡ
ʵҲطģǸǲ˿ĵмύζ
һͬǰģüͷʱ΢һ塭
붼ĸйٻ㲻ֻΪһδ޼ҷҵ£Ļ㹫
Ȼν²ͻȻǶѵʲôˣ
š֮⣬һݲͷģͷǴΪĿˡʲôȴǲ̫ˡǼü֮ٶ˵
ͷݸһ㶡ڣһͷͷǴΪҪ
ͷʲôݣ
Щȡ
Ȼȹ龪ȣݻǵ˵ͷˡ֪ˡȥɡ
ٶȳݹ˹֣תʥ÷ȥˡ
վԭ룬ͷȻ벻ʲôġ£ǳŻʹķȥ


232 ڣ
ʹΪٸ󡱡޼ҽӴҪ˵ĳ
һ޽ļΪķӡⷿǰһ޴Ŀյء̨֮󣬱׸ߵĴš
Ż֮ϣ֮ϣǵžͼ֮Уֲʧµš
ϾǼԻ͵ĵطɴż棬Ȼ
ʱ򣬴˵ԵüΪ֡ʱūͶһЩˮˮ֮д˵š֮⣬һӴġڴ˴ӭųȴüͷҲδһ£ԡϸľ桭
дǲͰʲô
ݺţǰ
ʮĳϣ
ʱСݣæĹк
ݿһۣ¶һ˿Цݣ˵ͷ
ϵݣ޼ҿǺܺʹġȻֻǵǳϣԣȫڶĵӣҪġ
ţݱ㾶Դһӡм䴩жŴС

ΪҲǲ١
λ޼ҳ֮⣬ʮˣڴ֮С
ЩһǾ֮һ֪ǵ֮ˡǣάΪס
£ۣһİЦ̸šһߣΪߴ뷢԰ףȻȴǼΪȻüĿЦ˼Ϊƽ͵ĸо
Ȼ۵ı֮ȴǲѿ˵Ц̸֮УʵϣǴһͬ״̬ġԤߵݣǲ͡
ߵߣһɫۣĮȻߡͬ뷢԰ףȴǱȲĿ࣬ȻϢȴѹ˶Էһͷ
ȻֻͨͨĶأҲʲô̬ȴһɲŭϢżȻ
һ֮ɱ֮΢ŵüͷԿƺŬƽΪԺɱ¾ֻ֮ЧȻôɱ¾ȫѾĹ裬Ѿγıһ㣡εĹ֮䣬֮еȻĮȻһ࡭ֳѰϢ
ߣߡˣԷǷ
Ǻߵߣŵһͷӣȥȴͨˡ
ȻָͨϵϢ֮࣬Ϊ˹עĲǣ
ֻһϮſİɫۣȥ߰ʮģüĿ԰ףһƲ۱ǵıǶ֮ȴͨһƬΪصǣϣһ޴ɫ«Ǻ«ֻ֮һôߣϣƵǡ޴֡
ҪһݳݴҲֻСֿˡ
˵˴޼ҵĻʹĿˣԶؿͣ໬ˣǲóġȻŹֵǣ˷ǵǳˣң˵Ŀ⣬ǻżȻ͵Ӽۡ
ͬǣߵߣ͸¶뾴ηȻ۵޼иȴǺ棬ɻԼһ˿Īء
ʵϣһֱڣ۶Щ̫ʵĸо

һ磬ڸУ˵붼֮ˡ
۶ʱһ㶡ڶ춼Ѱʱ䣬ǲᾭֵġ
⵱ȻǱֳȻһ̬
ʵϣ޼ѾΪ춼һʱ䣬ȻӴĻᣬҲǲࡣʵϣϪԼһЩϵ֮⡭ңǴӲ׵κһġ
ҲֻһΪҵ飬ҹ޼һΡ˺󣬱һҲû
Ȼ£ȻǶˣν£
ȻɻĺܡʵЩ׾Ƿʲô¡ϾһʱһֱǷƽ˾ġѵ콧ϴʲôʣ
۴ɻ󣬷Ը˽ԻԼһ
޼ҶȻС۱ϾҲһ𣬳ĴȻǲӭ
ǣӦžͿ˷һƬ̡Ͼʹ붼ǵˣɾǳˡ
ۣɲΪ¶ʲô϶
Ȼ˽쵽˻֮ʱȴ׼¶Цݵݶʱϡţ¶֮ɫ
ֻΪ춼Լͳ죡
ڡǴ󻪹Ĵ֮һռŴ󻪹Ĵ󶼸춼֮һ
춼Ȼڣִһ֮ӵжֻ²
ȻȲڣҲԲǡֻΪǵĶͷ֮ϣдŻҵֵģд󻪻ɽ󻪹һĶֵϣǵκһҲǲǵġ
Ͼǽơִһ֮Ұȡ룬Ҳ֪ҡһ־޴˰ɣ
ڴ󻪹ԶӵкպĴڡ춼Ժŵ˵ǣ죡ǵأ
޼ңҲ֮Ƚϴһ˶ѡҪҪ޴ȥһǿĴҲУǱһǿҲǲУ
¡춼ġ족롰ءˣȴͬʱ۵ǰܲ־ֺ
Ҳǳˣ֮æӭ˽ȥУȻǼʱĵǸʵڲ֪˴ǰ޼ҵģȻˡ
ڣҲΪ֮ͨʵϣǶԼҪ޼ҵҲǲԼۼԼ˵ôӭĹһЦǽҹ
Ȼʱ۵ͷȴ붼֪ͷԳ顭СǴ£ʲô£Ҫ޼Щʲôֻ޼ҴʲôǺôǻ
ֻ˲䣬۵Ժ֮бȻȻôͷ
ȻԺ֮еͷת£ͷ´˵һͷʱһ޼ڼҵǿߣȫǽ
ⲻвš
ֻΪǰˣǴ쾳ǿߣ
ңͻƴ쾳ѾǼʱѡǼʮ꣬ˣ
ǣѾﵽ˴쾳ڣԲ
ټǱֽ޼Ҫ̫౶ĵ̡˵֮еκһ˶ɵ޼ȫ壬ҲǺɡ
ţű۽еǿ߶Ǽйܲ۽
΢üͷԷ֮ʱȻǲҴġ
ڷΪհߣеļɵſЦŽͣΪ˶޼Ҳֻˡ


233 Źͷ˵ǿ
հΪ춼һ󶼸ķ֮ԣȻǿŵġ΢һ֮ҲˡҪԸ޼ҵԸǸûбҪķôĹ򡪡̫ھжʵˡ
Щɣڵӣߣ
ڡΪ󻪹Ĵ֮һŵӵֻ¶ǧƣ
ǿǧߡһָҪ֪춼ߣҲǧҡһڣǧ
ǧӣʵҲǲβġЩǳ죬ЩȴѾǵڶ죬죬ڸߣ
հ춼ҲǵʵΪڵʵֹڴˡ
Ҫ֪иߣȨ֮ĶĲ̫ء׷ģϵ׷ļޣЩһм֮
Ժŵ˵ҪԸ޼ҡȫǲѴֱ֮ǿ޼ң壬޶·
ۣһģж
ĸ߶ûǿᡭ춼һĶֵϣһˣһˣȫûа취ߣҲ˵ҪԸ޼ң޼ַĻҲУֻһϣ޼ұҪӴ˳
⣬Ҳ춼֮Уûκһ嵨Ͼԭ򡭡ҲҺӣֻ¾Ͳùˡ

ͨһؽڣ۱ҲͻȻհȻδеԵɣԷ֮ԣ޼еĳ϶
Ȼ֮һ̸֮УۣȴǶŵһװŹֵߵݣŨȤ
ǶܿһЩͬѰۣܿʼһ仰Ҳû˵ֻһĴܡȻж֮䣬ȴ˿˼ԵհԼͳˡ˵֮ʣżῴͷһֻۡǴ֮УѿǶŹͷļɵ
붼֮ˣɵѵĹŹͷܲԶԷݲ棿
Ҳ֪Ϊɵ֮ˣ޼Ҹûʸȥ˼ˡԶԶԷҲһֱΪԶԷŹֵУҲһֻ۱һֻˡ
հ붼ͳƺûи۽˵˼ۼ״ҲǲҶʡ
޼λһֱǼΪ¡ôѾĥļΪԲȻ֪ʲôʣʲôֲʡ
Դˣ
֮ϣ߳ϣ˳ϣʮһϣʮϵ̵޼ڼ֮е죬ҲֻоԶݣһˡ
Ȼִ˵ļλϣ֮ڵ˵ʱҲ¶𾪵ɫǣȻҲϵ붼춼Ȩ˵ġͬʱһҲаļƽŶԷ⣬ͬʱȴһϵĵִ

ǲδȴ̫ʱ䣬ݣ΢ĺ棬ˡٸ󡱵Ĵ֮С
ݽȻΧ˵ע⣬˵Ŀ⣬ǳݿ˹
ֻһۣݱǿ˿ϯ֮ϵλߣ΢գһ۾֮ȴ¶˼ɻ󡭡
ݳ첻ãΪ޼ҳϵʱҲ̶̼¶ѡʵϣΪ죬ص޼֮󣬾ʱ䶼ǻԼΪʵԼĹ֮ȥˡټ۵ˣҲǱŬ뷨ȫĵͶ뵽֮УΪţԺܶ飬ǲδμӡԣ춼ǿߣûжٵĽӴ춼߲һʶ
ԣµλߣȻһҲʶġ
Ȼɻ󣬲ݻǾǰȥ۵ĸǰ΢
ȳϣȻҪмġ
ۿݣƺЦŵ˵ͷʱӹһ˿ȰЦݵ˰
šȻĵͷӦһ
ŶλӦþЩ춼֮д÷з޼С˰ɣ
һԵհһݣ漴Цѯ۵
ݲŶԷһۡ
ֻһۣͷһ¶˼־ȡ
һϽӴڱ۵˽Ӵʱ仹ҪࡣʶѾϰһɢһЩơ
ټǿƱ̬ȻӴʱҲȫȥƿءⲢԡ
ǰЦ͵ߣȥƽƽ棬ȻŶԷ۾Ͷעϵʱӹһ˿âȴǱݲ׽ˡݶʱǸо
˼ǿһϵһεڡһϻҪǿ
ݶʱĵһӹһ˿
ͷ΢ʱһȴЦŸݽܵλڷհǰ
ڷ
˵νʱ¶һ˿㵡
ѹôǿȻڵķ
ݰ𾪣Ȼ漴ȴֲüͷ²⣺޼ҡΪ£
Ȼ£ʾʲôҲ֪Ȼڷ⼸ĺ塭ͬҲ֪޼⼸ǰݵһֽɫΪڷͻȻãΪ֮£ƨҲ֪Сˡ
а˼ȴδ޼Сݡǰ
δڣֻհԭЦӱݣ͵һ͵Ťͷȥ
һ㶣һ˶СȻţҲһ䣬͵̧ͷ
䣡
ļȻ֮䣬һĲţһɳһȻԵֺȻϢ׵ģ
ʲô
ˣԶ͵һ㶣ȻվΣһɫ̧ͷȥ
ˣ
ţһԴˣ˷Ų˾Դͷ֮Ŀ⣬Գ֮Դ˹ȥ
һɫȻ䣡
Դͷհ붼ͳһͬǰȥ˼Ϊɵصģ༫Ϊλ۹Źͷ
ǡ
ɫȫɰɫ
ֻΪĸо֮ǿֻҪһҷ
ģ⵽ǸʲôϹֲ̫ˣֲ̫ˣ
ɫ԰׵û˿Ѫɫ
ֱͬһβȻ֣ΧÿһһҲԵϢ
ôˣ
޼ˣȫɫ԰ףȻУȴȫһƬɻ
ŹͷǸ붼ģȻ˴һ仰Ҳ˵
ȻڣȴͻȻôǿ⣬⡭⵽ô£


234 ޼ңŭ
ڼ˾Զ¶ɻɫ
һͷͷӵǿʵһ棬ȴҲɻ󡭡ӸղŵһֱһԲͷΪͻȻ
˶ǲ⡪ȻҲǲ⡣
¶𾪵ɫɴ۾ߡ
ͷǿʵֻ£֮һҲҪǿٲǣ
аţ뵽֮ǰǸ˵ġ붼ǶлһŹֵͷͷӣпܲ͡
ѵ˵ľͷ
ݲ߼ۣϵװ֮вȻǹŹֵġ
Ȼв𾪣һЩɻ󡭡ͷͻȻôǿʲô
ţļȻһ˿Ϣͻһطӿ˹ͷʱ͵һʱ͵һ
֪ʱݸӦһ˿ŹϢԴ֮ǹŹͷ
Ҫʲô
ݲ΢һ㵣ȻɻδȫԺ֮Уֻͷݵ֮УȴǻȻһâ
ļȻ֮䣬һâͻü֮е̼䣬ǳݱȥ
ʲô
ݶʱһ䣬붼û룬ζʱ׼ˣ
ȻθոһǹŹͷȴƲЦݵ͵һֻоΧĿռ䣬̼
ݶʱɴ۾漴ֻĿһâԼüı壬Ȼȫʧȥ˿ƣ
һâѸײڶ֮ƣʱûݵü֮У
ݺȻɴ˫ĿֻһɰԵ֮ͻü֮˽ʶʱı

һҽ֮Ż뾪ӣһ˲֮󣬶ʱʧȥɣ


ˣǾˡ
ۡϡ߳ϡ˳ϡʮһϡʮϡ
⡰ٸ֮Уе޼ˣһǴԭءǣǰͻıʣЩ֪
۴ĿݡֻѾȫȻȥѾʧȥꡭ
Ƭ֮۴͵ʧģһ˫۾¶һ˿ʺ죡
ݶݶ
ͻһ䡱һ죬۵ϣʱһʺԪҲ˲ǹŹͷŸ𺳣˫̼仯һƬͨ죬˸ŽɫĻâţǹŹͷʱǷȥ
䣡
֮䣬ʱһ󲨶ֻ۵Ȼӳ֮һɫ޴ӡʱֶŹŹͷ˶ȥ
һϢʱʹεı棬Ǳͻȣ濾ľѿ¶֮ߣ
˻·ҲǷȼ
Ȼˣ
۱ˣ˫Ŀ죬뷢ţһͷŭʨһ㣬ǹŹͷ˹ȥ
֪ԼʵԷкܴĲ࣬ȻͻȻĪı˹֮ķŭˣ
Եݺһүү֮󣬶۶ԣݣٲȻѾΪΪҪĴڣ
棬Ȼ˾ֱӶݳ֣۲ŭ

Χ޼ҳǣһ۳ǿͷ˹ȥһɫʱ䣬̲סѿھ
ǽŵĿ֮У۽Ǿ޴ӡ֮󣬼ִǹŹͷ࣡
ȻͣͷȴۿһۣȻ΢üͷĶѾʧȥʶݡݵ壬·𻹱š
ۿ۵ĹҪѹͷȻڴʱһֻơȴͻȻһԣ˳
۵ı飬ʱһ䡣ֻǷ·δ̺ʲôܵƲδʲôֻǵ׵һ֮ǰǾ޴ӡ֮Ӵһ˲䡪һֻ֣ļȻһգ
ˣ
һҵزʱ졣ţֻ׵һƣȻֹסȥƣֻá࣡һ졭̼䣬ɫǻʧӰ٣
۵۾ʱȻɴ
һ͸ǽ۵䣡̫ǿˣ۵ʵҲȫȻûа취֣
۶ʱɴ۾ɫ˫ͫһֵֻ˿ȥ
һֱĬŵĶͳ죡
ͳûԼϢĮ֮ƽĲ˿
·ƾ˵һ赭дƳ˲һ㣬ݵĮջƣۡ
ǡеĿģʲô
۽ҧأͳѯ˳
ˣǶͳ졪죡ִ춼ǿˣ
쵭ĮĿһۣȻδжٵı仯˵Ϊ޼롭ǻǲҪıȽϺá
Į˵꣬ɨΧļɫͬѿ޼ҳ֮󣬱ǲᡣĿ⣬Ѿ·ʧȥݡȻüͷ΢
۵ɫʱ
һ޼ҳϵݣҲһ
ˡô
໥һۣҪ˴еľȻŭ𡭡
λǰãǿ۸޼ô
ϵ
ֻʱɫѾȫļλϣ֮У˸ŭ𡭡
ǵģڣȣ޼ҵȷ̫һЩǣʾ޼ҾһҪ۸޼ķƴ޼ҲҪҲҪ붼һЩ۵ĻƲù
޼ң춼һңϣ춼ٷ֮ʮϵĸֲҵһӴ
붼Ͼ֮С޼ķȥǡôǽʤ
ɱˣһҪǹģ෽ԴﵽͬĿġ˵¶
޼ڸģҲ޼ҵҪԱȻ޼ҵķּҳԱˣ鲼춼ҪˣҲԲһ׵飡
޼ңȫȻûһ˿֮ġ
ȻϵĻȴǲ漴һüͷŤͷϣ֮š
λϨһôĻ
׼˵ʱһԵհȴȿˡ
հĻȻȴȻʣôĻ˵ĵɡһ䣬ǽ֮ڻ֮񱻹ģڳ֮һ£赭д˵һ䡮Ҫ̫𣿡
հ۵Ļµһ㶣漴֮¶˼ֿЦεҡҡͷ֪ʵʮǰڵĻ֮ݹһ޵¼޼Ҳͬ£֪໬Ϲʲôˡ޼ȴǲ֪ˡ
޼λǰΪѣɨԴʾ𾴡ȻλǰȴȻδ޼ҷСŶǱųǿ뷨ôô۽ձǽڻǶ޼Ҷ𾴡˱Ϊ޼Һ۸ôҿԸθǡˣˣƴ޼ǧҵҪҲҪ춼֮еԪˣ֪ǲţ
۱ֱ˵
Ȼһȴϵ˵ݶ΢һȻƬ֮ȴһٶʵ
ݶʱһ΢Ŀ˵޼ң򶼸ս𣿡
Գʵǿᣬר޼ǣǡΡȻ壬űĮȻ죬ͬԱĻش
ʱ΢
ˣˡҶ԰һ¡ǰѾеʱˡۣҲ԰꣬ȻȻһ͵ġ
հۿ˴ĻҩζƺԽԽŨæڴˡ
ǼΪġ
ʵףȻƢȴԵ̫ĮȻĮ֮Уȴִ˼ֲһĸ߰ԷţֻѾǽŭˡ
հһΡ˴ǰֻΪѰɲΪ޼ҽ𣬻߿޼붼ġ޼Ȼԣƴ޼ǧҵҪҲҪԼĵĻ붼춼ʵؽ࡭
ΪڽǶսңʵڷΪ
ͣհĻȻ΢һüͷüʵʲôͣˣ˭
հ̾һε˵ðɣʵλǰĺѡǰЩʱյһλǰΪżΪĸӦܸӦ춼ǾʲôطȴǲˡĳԭıֻпǿߵõˣԣλǰѰ춼ߵ뷨޼춼һңĵʵԣշóȻáݣΪǰһЩʲô˰ɣҪǰ̽ϣ֪ˡ


235 죬һ
հ˵䣬Ҳ͸¶ЩΡ
λĺѣǳ²Ĵڣƫʵ̫ǿ󣬱ڴ󻪹ڴ󲿷ֵǿߣҲǶͷʹѡ
ǰλǰҲȥ춼ķڵģһ죬춼춼˹ȥ
Ȼδҵеġȥһ˶һ
ƢԵˣλ·ͷԵǰû˿취ǰһְԵˡ
հ֪ǰԼȥֻ춼ʱҪɹ飬ǣͷȥӵǿߵļһһ߷áǾĽìѹ͡
޼ңǵһվ֮һЩӵǿߣҪ޼ҺܶС塭
հû뵽ǣԼڣȻҲ˲Ҫᡭʵͦεġ
뵽˴հٶ·˼ֿЦ˵ʵڼǰ붼Ҳ̱λǰֹһΡԡ
˵հҡҡͷû˵ȥۣȻԵ⡭
붼֮ûж˵ʲô޼ңʲôøоƽģ
Ѿȫ֮жʱӹһ˿Ŀ⿴üͷֱĶݣΧһжǲŲʣȴ·һʲôǼѵľߡ
ڵԴҲûа취ǴˡǺεһݣ
ȫµ״̬ȥǺܲáܾȴ
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ͷĿĶݴվԭصΣ֮ԥĹصıš

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ͷеԥĿʼһ棬޼ڳ֮ìܣҲ
޼ڳϣȻ춼ֺøҲûУһ۾ֱĶ죬촽֮еԪһɢ˳
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ڣ֮ɱȻһţ漴̧
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237 쾳ǿߵƣ
ԣ·Ϊ֮Ȼأǳ˿Բȣ
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һֻһʱϳ˶Էԡ
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ԱΪɫˮԳ־ΪɫԷΪɫԴ͸ΪɫľԻָΪɫȵȡЩԵص㡣
ȻΪֻԡȻѾǡŻȻҲԼԵصġ
磬Եٶ죬׵ԵƻΪˣʯԵΪǿ󡭡ȵȣҲǲһ㣬ǧ
ȻڰԣҲټ֮һԵصǡʴԣΪǿᣡ
ڰԣϸ˵ˮԵ֮ˮڰ
ȻⲢ˵ڰԵ߱ͿԱˮıֻΪ֮Ѿ䡣յõ޷תԳһ⣬ҲǡڰΪ֮һԵҪԭ
һȻ첻㼫ΪİҲ㲻ϼΪϤȻжŶԷĴڶԷʲôԵߣǲ
Ͼ֮ʣһҲлֻͯˣ֪֮ܵΪͳ죬Ȼ콧ϣȻеĵ͵ȽޣҪ֣֪Եˣϡ١
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֮ս⾳Է⾳֮ҲһѣȻһ·磬Ҳûһƴ֮
һ΢ϱâʱͷļȻһƬʵĹ壬δ˿ԥӭŶԷĺɫƥ˶ȥ

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Щǣֻ΢һ㶣ǵı֮һҲɫ䣬˲æԶ˶ȥ

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һʱ䣬гж˸ŭ𣬽ҧأѹͷƵһܵη壬ɫ󣬶ʱϷı

հһԵɴ۾ȶԣͬΪ쾳ǿߣܸܵı˸ͬҲΪһЩ
Ȼʱȴǿһϣ֮¶˼־֮ɫû뵽Ȼ˵־Ͷ֡û뵽ǡһҲȻĿﶼ
ѵĴΪôһڽǣ׼ƴ޼ҲҪˣ⣬һ𣿡
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238 ߸ʶŹͷʵ
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·һ̣ռ䣬˲ֹ

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޼ҳһ㶣漴ʱعæԼϢհҲ˻ȥ졭ȻѾ޼һ˿øҲûˣͳ죬Ҳ۸޼һСĮһۣҲջԼϢȻջĿ⿴ǹŹͷʱȴǱƳһһۡδ˵
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239 ŹͷġŹ֡Ϊ
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һ֮æ񣬽Ե˵һ顭
ԭǷѾԶ⡰ٸ󡱣ȴΪ޼ҵĳǵģʶһֱǻǵǡѾͣæǡٸ󡱡
Ȼȴ֮Ҳ˳һʱģ˽һ̽û뵽һȴͱһȺǿߵɱΪˡ
ԣ˶ԷĿģ˵ͷ֮öԷ¡Ƴһ죬֮ȴǰԴǣԲĹ֮ڵ˶ʱΧ֮ȥ֪ͨ˫֡
ۣȻǵľб䡭
ͷʵ̫ǿһЩǿĺ޼̬ȵѲۣȻò࿼һЩ
֪ͨ˫ۣ֡ȻĴ㡪˫ֵĴǵĻ֮󣬱ͻ֪ôȥˡ
֮ɫ΢䣬漴ˡٸ󡱡һߣ£æҲﲻϵġ
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Ȼհ΢һ漴ȴε¶һ˿ڨЦˡǰ
˵꣬հֹ˹֣תӡ
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춼˵ġ£ҲֻǰͷӰ˰ɣ
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һ仰ȴѾȴˣɫһߣһһ֪ͷ֮ǰһֱǵ飬һˡ
Է忼ǵʲô£ȴû֪
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ΡȻ̾˾ҲͻָĹϣȻ󣬱תֱӳšٸ󡱴ȥ
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СӣʲôҪһһĽˣˡ˾ɲ֮УͷѾߵˡٸ󡱴ſڡհ첢δϣûƿڴһȻ֮ȴǼΪ۵ֹ˼
κһ˺ķ˽ǧѪȴǱ˵õ˺ôȥﶼ᲻ˬɣ˵ǧˡ¾֮һ꣬ҲòץҪɱˡ
ͷȻҪСһȻЩԸҲ֮ġ
ͷӵĴհ춼ǻһһۣǿ˸еοЦȻæӦһȥȻǼǵˡ
޼մ֮ĳǸ⣬ŵǸǡ
ߵſڣհǲ޼˴һк
죬Դһһۣһ˿亮⣬ȴһӶת
޼ȻЩͷԡ췢һһʱЩԽܡ
ǹŹͷͻȻѣȻ붼ͳ췢ڽǣһ֣֮ٵ˶𾪵궼ǹŹͷͻȻǿһеһУڿ޼˵ࡣ
ȻȴáЩͻȻ޼ҴһļһǣȴͻȻʲôҲûнһ׼뿪ˣ⡭⵽ǳһ
˶Ǿ㵲ѡ
Ȼȴڵһʱ䷴Ӧ˹æԷֻ̫յ֮ϡ
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ͷʱһæŤͷλǰ
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ͷŤͷüͷۡ
ǰǰ⿪ط
ԷŲˬһۣͷʱһȻһ뵽ݣҲ˲϶Էʵˡҧ˵
ۻסŹͷԵɡ
ͷӵʵµط޼ҿ»ûܽĿ
ͷԲƲƲ죬Ȼһʲôſݡ
ֻһۣһâʱ˳ݵü˳һ֮󣬶ʱûͷӵüġݵӣҲڽâֱ֮˵ϡ

Χ޼ҳ϶ʱһʮһʮϣæ˹ȥ
İɣ˵ģСӡͷӷ˷ۣȻһ
漴Ŀ⿴ۣҰһСӣС֮ӵĶʱĴһʱ䣬ĵ˵쾳ʱӻҪûġû
һ㶣ȴǸ֪ͷӿеʲôӦܿ죬æ˵ˡ
Źͷŵ˵ͷתȻ֮ƺ΢ԥһ£Ťͷһۣ˼ʲô
СԱߵհҲû
ȻҲŹͷʲôֻһ֣ʱһС


240 깥ط
δ֮Ѿֱӽȥ
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ⶫкôӼסˣⶫֻһ˿˿ˡͱĺˡ
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ģӹȻ̫ˡ˷۱
հ˵Ŀȴǵһеһ֮һȴǿ˸е𾪡
Ȼֻ΢˸ȴδ˵ʲôͷӣ߳ˡٸ󡱴

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Ȼ֪ȴֻһΪý顱ĴڣȻҪȻıȴδжٵĹҲǿԽ֪֪ķΧ֮ڣԼӳ䵽Ŀʶ֮УӶﵽĿġ
ǣѾ꣬ڸΪƳ£³֮У֪жݺľž֮֡
֪Ϊǿ߳Ԫ֮ΪҪڱ֮ԪҪΪҪܷӳ
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ЩԶ඼ѵ
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Űأܵ˺ܴսΨһģǲϵǿάķܡ
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Խǿ޵ĺӳʼӵԽΪǿǺܶ˺ܳʱǿҲеģ
֮£ֻнһпԽάļ棬ͱҪǿĶ࿹⣡
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⣬ֱӵ´ռϾԴȻһЩСƽȴеĻҲûеԭ򡭡
ͬҲ޼ֲһļ壬ǲܽӴԶԣڱķҪΪ깥طԵɣ
Ժŵ˵ͬΪ쾳ΪԪǾǿȣڶ⾳ĸд߽սһ깥طһȴδ깥طսǺֱӱǰɱڣսڣڵߣҲûһս֮
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ԣڶݵľ֮ȴһ¶˿ϲ֮ɫ
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Ҫ֪춼붼֮СҲδжӵĹģ
⣬ȻǴϹż֮ص䣿
һϿһ棬ĵһ
ȻͬΪ깥طЩطȴͨԼжõġ׶εĹص䡣ȻһЩȴǴϹż֮Ϲص䣡
вǺ֮ܳдĹص䡭ӵųġݻĹص䡭ǿһĿ֪˰ɣ


241 ˻
λǰȻһˡ
һУ뵽
ǣǰΪʲôҪôһ깥طأ
һԵİ˳ϣ˵˵ʡ
ȻҲǰ˳һ仰ȴԭ˿ϲ޼ҳǣ鶼һǼǹŹͷ뿪֮ǰ˵Ǿ仰
Ȿ飬ָݵģˣУ򣬱ͲҪĺ
޼г£ȴ˼˵仰˼ˡ
깥طǵݵġˣУˣŹͷʱҪȻŭڡѪϴ޼ң
û˻ỳͷӵʵһȣֱ쾳ǿߵĹڽӴһ˲ֹУȻϢɢΡʵЩ쾳߿ԲȵģԷȻ˵޼˲ΥԸ͵͵У
ǽھʵϵľţ
ʵҲˣ뵽޼ڳǶǳ³һȻȴ¶ζĽĿ⣬˵ȻڻԵݡ
ѵǰҲǿݵʣԲŴȴһŹٹۺԷǲҪΪͽ
޼ڳͷͻȻӿôһ뷨
Ȼûд𰸵ġ
һе𾪻ɢ³һһеص䣬Ȼ̧ͷ˵֮£Ϊֹ˭ҲҪй¶ȥ
޼ڳϻ΢һǵ˵ͷЩء
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һ΢ü漴ȴǵ˵ͷ˿߰زո޼ҳôĿƲưոݵġ
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ͳڶ֮ӵžԵĵλģһͳʵʸ񣬶Ըһ֮κһĸ˻
޼Ȼ춼һңҪ¾ĶԸǣȴҲǲܵġ
˵ڡȻǵ֮ҪһЩ޼ұϾ޶ٹϸհҲһά޼ҡ
Ͼ붼ĹϵҪ޼ҵĹϵĶ࡭Ϊһ޼ң񶼸ʵôҲһ顭
Ҳõġмƽϡ
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һϵĻ޼ҳ϶ǵ˵ͷæµ
һ־磬ʹճеݱͻˡԺ֪˴µ˶й¶ȥ

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׵һΪŰۣһ޴ɫ«뷢԰ףӵһӵͷһһ鳤۵ߡ֮һл
ЩˣǴ޼ҸոճĹŹߣհһˡ
ŹߵıȻżֲ֮ɫֹʲôհ˵ıȴԵЩŹ֣һ֮ȴ־㶼Ρ
ͷӣȻǴ뿪ٸ󡱿ʼһ·һֱڡģʵּǿߵ󡭡հ죬ȻǿЦˡ
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ǰһֱ΢һ㶣ͷ
ȻƢԸ߰һȴҲ֪ԼԵͷӣûǰѰҪȻ㲻ɱһ٣ⲻ˵ġͷӵʶ£ϱ̬Ըɵĳ
ŹͷҰһ죬Ȼ󿪿ڵ֪޼ȺССӲˬҲܵġ룬Ǹ˵˵ĺãõʱͿСӣûǰǵС˼޼ǸС˵ҪҪǳʲô¡˵ûѡʱ򣬾ƾͷӳ棬ҲӲӡ㶮ӵ˼ô
Ӷʱ΢һ͵̧ͷǹŹͷȻƬ֮һĮһ£ͷǣ֪ˡ
ŹͷԷģȴ΢һüͷ֮ȴֲδ˵ʲôȴЩĻֵˣӹɡˡ
˵꣬Ҳ˻ػͷӱǽ΢һΣʱοն𣬻һ⣬ֱӳſУ˳ȥ
հ۾һɡ̧ͷƬ֮ǹŹͷΣѾʧӰ١
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ֻѾջĿ⣬ŲԶ޼ҸۡȥĮ֮ϣԵЩ
հ֮ȴ¶һ˿ЦݣЦ֣Ҳ߰ɣ
عĿǼΪĿ޼ҸۡһۣջĿ⣬Ťͷհ˵ͷ
ԼļΪǼǰȥ


242 
հλλãһһۣŤͷ˲Զ޼һۣ֮հ΢ȴп
޼ҺȻλǰǻݡ
뵽˴հҡҡͷֿ˿ǰ죬һ˿Ц
Σ棬ѾѼȥˡ޼ұ޼˶ײ˵ºҪλǰ롭
հҡҡͷȻʶ̣ҲǲϲԷΪˡ̫ԸˡʵףҲľһЩǡֵõⶼĶͳ
ż뷨һ·޻춼ǿȥ

̫ɽͷϼӳ춼޸ɽҰ֮䣬ϼӳ֮£ҫ۵Ĺ
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ݷĿȴˡ
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۵޼߲֮⣬֮У֣˫ޱԼʧȥ˫ȣ˫۵Ĵ̡
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ԵúǼž˶üͷ֮϶Ȼһ˿ǡ
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ʮߣһʣڶ̶߸µʱ䰮ȫȹ쾳ڵľ硭õȹ쾳ھķʱĳǸǸ̾ѡܼɳȥ޼δķչã
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ҲûãݣȻûѡˣҲ鲻Ե
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һҡҡͷ漴˵
飬ôһ¡Ҫ뿪һʱ䡭ҡʱǸ˺áҪҲôġ
Ȼܴ󣬵ҪԸ޼ңҲһͿɵġ
޼ҶԸңҲ׼һ£ǵٶȵġ
ңʵڲ̫ܻٴԶ֡Ͼݵ̶ֳȣܻҪ˼һġ
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ȻعأٻհΣһǻԥѡ֮Կʿɱ裡Էȫ޼ҵϷУ޼ңֺαؾ
һһ˵Ҳ΢˵ͷ
ۣܣС֮󣬱ǽɡͷĻҲҪסҪˡ
һ룬ǹŹͷݵǱصݸۡ
۵˵ͷСĵķ˻С
깥طһֻֻҪ˶ġۣȻҵ
ȻȻҲǼΪ깥طô¡ǹŹͷľȣҲ׵ΥԷľ桭
궼һĻɻǰ֡ǿߣ޼ҿǵġ
޼ҵĳֿ˿ݵķ֮뿪
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˵ı鶼żֵǡȻǶûа취ǣô
ڳǶ˵µģȻǣҲʮֵż
̵ɫѾûʲôѪɫ۵ģΪݡޱƼ״¶Է̫ţʲô⣬ƻԼķ䣬İοһϢ˯¡

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ݵķ֮Уֻʣһ˶ѡ
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ļȻһƺͻԭڴϵݣͻȻֱӣ˫Ȼ
һ˿Ȼ֮ɫֶԷ֮С˫֮˲ɨܣ
ȴ΢һ㶣֮У¶һ˿ɻ󡭡
ݷˣķ䡭
䣬Ҳֻһ˶ѡ
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ݵУ¶˼Ի˼Ƭ֮󣬽յļ䣬ĻصԺ֮С
һ磬ˡͳǣԷ֪ۻȥٸ󡱣˿ˡ
ɻٸ֮󣬷ŷ֣ģλİߡ۵Ľ֮У֪ˣλ֮Уһˣ춼ڵ
һ
Ȼ²˵ݣһһȴͻȻ߱𾪵Ťͷȥŷ֣ôǿģȻһŹֵͷ
ͷһϮſİ£һ޴ɫ«Ϊصһͨıͷ
ȻԷȫ۲ϣԷü֮Уȴͻһâûʶ֮С
Ȼ󡭡ʧȥʶ
˹ȻǻصԼķˣǷʲô£
¶ɻȴЩ
һԵʱȻǷʲôˡǹŹͷʲôˣˣĿģʲô
ݵӺǻңȫҲ˼·
ڴϴƬ֮ͻ̧ͷ˿ɫü֮ȴվӣ⣬˳ȥ


243 
ѾһƬڣΨ̹֮ϣƱڵס¹⣬ɫҲԵࡣ
߳ſڣݱ΢һ㶡
ֻһƫ֮Уȴвٵˡ
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ү
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һ漴ͷȴ΢һůЩˣԺūǡ
ݻԣΪūͣοȥЪϢ񣬡Ժ֮еūŮǺƫ֮һӣȴԵüΪ֡
ƻͨӳյļΪ
£һ˹ʱǻϲ
Сݡ
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ʮĳүû¶ɣ
ɤ
һ㶣Ťͷȥſޱ澶ˣ۾һȴ¶Цݵû¡ƽ㣬Ҳڰ
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ûʲôµġӦһȻһߵˣǿ˵ˣҲˡɫҲ磬͸ЪϢȥɡѴҶȥɡ
ȻҲŵġݵĻ֮æӦڵүҪϢѾˣҶɢ˰ɣ
Ļ֮ЩūŮǵҲİȻ˳ƫ
ţΪݡԷѾѹȻҲûıҪˡ
ʱƫǰ
ߵ˴֮Уһ֮ȴɻޱʵأ
һ죬̺ǵġ̫ģӰ壬ľȰЪϢȥˡ
ޱӦһתһԵϵһ裬Ȼݸݡ
Ŷлллһݽӹ豭һ죬δˮδҲЩˡ
յ׷ʲô£ջԣҼеĳϻмǸ˹˴죬Ҳѣ뿪ġǷʲô£ôԵģ
ޱüѯݡ
ڽշ£ԼҲ˵ȻȻ֪λشޱơֻÿЦһҶȥʾǷʲôء
˵ţ̧ͷ˿ɫѾ࣬εɫѾôҲȥʵʱ򡭡˵ɡ
ޱƴ˴漴ȴԴȻĵ㲻Ѿﵽ֮ԼôԵҲ֪Ҳ̸һЩŸ붼Щϵ龭ȴһô£
֮
һ㶣漴ȴ¶˼ֿЦޱƲ˵Լǿˡ
ǰΪǿһֻĽ֮Ż֪ߵǶں߶ԡ֮УݣֻǴ׵һѡ
뵽Լ޶˶˱ǹŹͷһ۱ŪԹȥһ죬ݱʹ۶оһ˿⡭ʣԷҪȡԼԲԼ϶١
ǡԷֻԼһ죬Ȼȴδ˺ԼԼתһԼԪȴǲδʲôʣȫ¶ǼΪ
ôǹŹͷΪʲôҪֶԸԼ
ʵЩ˼⡭
ޱһ˵ȴЩꡣ˦˦ͷֻܵƽ㣬ҲˣԼڶһͷˮءʲô£˵ɡ
ޱ΢һ£ݵı֮Ҳĵ˵ͷ漴ȻǺðɡҲҪ̫࣬Ӧûʲôġ
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εĵ˵ͷ㡣
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ޱ뿪ˡԺֻ֮صƫ֮УƬ̡
˭ŪĻһ죬ѹ֮ҲһеԵɰɣ
ݸû뵽Լȡչ뺮̶Ѿ¶ѾҵڰڶһҪˡ
Ƭ̣Ҳûʲôֻܷ
ӣҲֻȥʴˡ
εţվ̧ͷ˿֮ȴǳŴ̷ڵķȥ
Թȥ鴺Ѿֻ֪»ΪĵġݣȻҲһ᲻ʲôˡ

һҹ޻峿
ڴ̷ﶺһС
Ȼһ㣬ޱȻŴЪϢˣûȵ˯ţ֮ݵ֮Уȫķ봺˵һ֮뿪
ص䣬ȻһҹС
£ʶ붨ȴǲɫūͷ׷𴲣ѾЩ֮ʱ򣬱ǽ붨еݳˡ
ݣ
³һݿ˿ɫȻվ뿪ˡԺһ·ʥöȥ

ʲôһϲڣ
ᳵ·ݲδʱ䣬ѾʥáȻʥһȦûҵһ֮ݱѯһִڵġʥû⻤ĻȴЩ㵡
ʥҲвʱˣһϣɻûй뿪ʥõļ¼ء
ǵݳϡҹѾ뿪ˡ
ʥûػص
ݴ˴ʵȥĶˣ
Сȴǲ̫ˡݳϻ߿ȥλϣ߼
ʥû΢Ǹػص
üȻҲֻεĵ˵ͷ뿪ʥá

뿪ʥ֮룬ȴǳ۵ĸۡȥ
޼Ҽס֮ǡٸڵġԺ֮У
ۡ޽ļΪ̵ʨ࣬ͦأ˫Ŀϣֱָ񷣬һ֮УȻ
ʨ࣬һɰȻġЩǵʵףҲǲףһǻ˫Ŀ⡰Ժ޼Ҽס֮ԽӴ͵ġٸ󡱣С˵޼ҵҲǺΪ˴ĻȻҲҪϸѡġģòʵǡ֮е֮ѡʸվġ
ӺԶĵطĸо˴ɢ֮С⣬ҲֳǧҵһЩ̡
շһΡٸ󡱣˴ΣȻᳵ·ܿģ


244 ݵľ
ţһ޽ͥԺһۣǿ˲Զġٸ󡱴ȴѾǱһƬ棬вٵˣ޽һЩʲô
ȴЩȻͬʱҲЩԻ󡭡գ⡰ٸ󡱿ɶúõġýա
ݵʱǹŹͷסȻǲ֪֮޼ҵĳͻ֪ǿ߲ͽԺҲҪٵ˵顭
޼ȻûĴôǿ߱ƣȴáٸ󡱲ȫٵ
ټġٸ棬еѾȫ˲֫ϱۡǽҲǳ˲ٵѷ졭һ𶯣õáٸ󡱵ĸҲЩҡ
Ȼûа취ټʹˡ֮£ҲֻƵؽˡ
ЩȻǲ֪ġ
һʱ޼˽ƻȻεǣƻ٣Щϵ
һΣԵĴսһսԺȫ̮
ڶΣȴط޼ңԼ֮ǿߵĴսƻ˷Բڵн˲ٵ޼ˣΪصһΡ
ΣҲһΡ
֮£Σһˡ
ãһΪ磬Ƶؽһݣвʵ޼˵Ĺ̡
񲻹Źȥһʱѣ֮ǰġٸѾȫƵˡҪŻҪʮʱҡ
ȻˢᣬɫԼ̾ͼ֮飬ȴǾϸûдʱ䣬ɲ˵ˡ
ãⲢ޼ҵĸֹĿչ࣬ҲˣһطӴҲˡ

ݲ֪ǡٸƻô£üͷȴ
⼸ò²⣬֮󣬱ȻǷ˲ٵġʲô顭Ҳֻܵȼ֮󣬷֪ˡ
뵽˴ݸǲٳɣٶȼӿЩ
δö೤ʱ䣬ݣѾľס֮
⡰Ժס֮ͬҲ޼ġԺ䡱סģ⡰Ժ֮еһСԺ䡭
ȻǡСԺ䣬ʵϣȴҲҪ֮ġԺϲ١
ſйܼңݵʱһ㶣Ȼæݵ֮ϹܼæͨܿģۻػݽУ鷿ȴ
ȻϹܼҵĴ֮£ݣ۵鷿ſڡϹܼңȻǹ뿪
鷿Уݣۡ
ݶˣ
һţı鷿ȥԵЩ֮ۡæͣ²ת
һݣ۵ıʱӿϲɫæӭȥôΣûʲôʣ˵
˵ţݱ鷿Ŀϯ֮ϡ
ݴ˴漴˵үүû¡
۵飬һʱЩ̫Ӧ
ȻȴǲϵԪ𣬴ݵһȦȴûзʲô֮һ
ʵβ֪ݿ϶ʲô£ֻǲȷһ£޷Ķѡ
ǹŹͷһԲľͶݳ֣ʵŻˣڵʱ˶ԷʵǿᣬԶԷˡ۵ӣȻҲڵʱȥǣݵĿˡ
ߣлһ˿ԴԶ֮ΰɣ
ôΪҪĴһ㡭ȴҲı䲻˵ˡ

˵Ӧ۵飬Ҳûоܾ΢ֽӲĽ֮ſЦҡҡͷݻָѯʵүүһ֮ǲǷʲô£붼ĿľΪΣǹŹͷ˭޼ҵĿʲô
һԶеȫ˳ۡ
۴˴֮ԴֹĵɫҲüͷ΢Ƭ֮ſ˵˵ģ춼հԼͳ죬졭ͷʱȴǲ̫ĿģͷѰĳһʧ˵ı
۱ǽݻ֮飬һһ˵
Ȼһʼ棬̸ǹŹͷΪѰĳ֡ԼԣΪԷڲ̽ǱʱȴǶʱɫ䣡
ʧԼйأ⣬⡭
ݼ˲뵽չ뺮̶
ѡѵǹŹͷȻȻصġˡ
ݣȻԲ˫Ŀ
Ȼиո֮ݵȴ¶˼ɻ󡭡
ǹŹͷǾˣôԼԼôû¶ѵΪչʶ֮УԶԷûҵ
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ݵӣһ˲䱻ɻ
һϴ֪չδչ֮Ĳж󡭡Уһǿ߲ǡһȴֻܶԸǿߡչɲһ򵥵飬ǿҪɰǧʱ䣬пģ⣬ֱ
ƻڱ˾ΪСΪ˵ĹŹͷ׵ķŹԼ
⻰˵˶ţ
ôѵԷʲôԵУȴҲ֪ģ
ݽüͷȻȴʼҲ²Ȼ
ȻţȻȴûԴΪԼʺãԶԷͷŹԼĳ̶ȡԣȻܲ³ǹŹͷ˼ġ

ݵݱãȻδӹ۵۾Ȼǳ˺棬Ȼ֮ȴʲôҲûжʡ
۵ҲⱦȻ¹ǹŹֵͷֹϵԼӡǹŹͷѾٹ׷ôǡ飬͸Ҫһ䣡ֻΪǹŹͷѾ˻ڻһ깥طȻǾҪݴĳĬ
ۣϣԼĺ棬Ĭơ˭ҿ϶ͷϣԼʲôҲ˶һԷŭ𡭡ָмܣ޼ңмܵô
ţһѹסԼĺģ˵λǰһ⡭


245 깥ط
аɻһ˵ԷȻԼ˶Ϊ֮һ㶡
ʲô
ɻĿ֮Уۣ̽뻳Уȡһ
һͨ巺Ƶ鼮鼮ԼĪһָ񱡣֪Ժֲƣͨ巺ƣȻѾһ£忴ȥΪӡ
ۣݸݡݴżɻ˹ȥ
ʲô
ݺ濴֮󣬲鱾ɻʵ
깥ط
һ仰¶ʱһ٣ɴ۾˼͵һ̧ͷȻʲʲô
ݾ㵵ı飬ҡҡͷԼ֪ʱҲֱ顭
¶ֿЦۿ϶ĵ˵ͷǵġ깥طҡ⻹ǴϹż֮ġϹǿ깥ط
ݣʱȻɴ˫ۣסˡ
ȫˡĿۣȫҳһš
⣬⵽ô£֮ǰ˵ǹŹͷصľˡ޼ңԭȻҲΪѰչԷȻһԲĶԼ֣ȻѾӦչԼˡ
Ȼ󡭡ԷǵûжԸԼǸԼһ깥ط
ԴҲ벻ǹŹͷҪʲôˡ
ǡҵĲ²⣬һʼǴģͷǾˣΪʲôҪң
Իˡ
ݵ֮ɫȻҲǿСȴҲЩ֣֮ȴ˵λǰ뿪֮ʱ⡮깥ط֮⣬һ仰˵ʱﵽ֮ȡ
Ӷʱһоâʱ
֮һüʵүүǰʲôˣ
ԣȴһ㶣漴¶˼ֿЦ֪ԡǿߣǲ޼ⲻһС֮еһ֮صǧʲôӴġȻӴۣҲǲ֪Էʵݵġ
ֻܿЦҡͷҲǺ
ݴ˴˵ͷ¶ֳҲûٶ˵ʲô
۶˶٣˵깥طǼΪҪĴڡǰȻ㣬ȴҲҪСıܣҲ׵й¶˳ȥ֪ô
Ȼʶãµ˵ͷӦһ
ĬƬ֮һʱǹŹͷԺȴһϵȥ򣬲ʵүүҽȥʥһˣȴִϾȻǲڼСȥʲôطˣǷʲôô
һǺ뿪ʥõģݿǷǳġմʥûе֪ԷȻϾѾ뿪ôȥʲôط˻𼱻ǵģǷʲôش飿ЩȻɻ
֮󣬵Ҳô²ݣһ˵Ƕ

ݣһ㶣üͷѹ
۵˵ͷҲЩǽշ飬ԭԭĸ˵˳
һ֮ȴüͷԽԽѾȫһȻ˶ͷ֮ϡ
ͳ죿һϣȻ붼ͳˣڣһ뿪޼ңΪӦ֮󶼸޼ҲȡֶΣ
Ȼ֪춼֮еһӴ޼ҵʵֻ»ǲ
ȻͬʱҲһʲôˣȻǶԷǱȻȻ˼ƽϡ
Ƭ֮ݵ˵ͷҲûٶʲôʾ
ֻȴЩů⡭ۣΪԼȻǲ˼ĶǹŹͷ֣ڲ˶ǿƣ֮ӲԷֳ̡֡ȴǴͥˡ
һ棬ȻΪݽȡһ棬Ҳ˵û۵֮桭
֪ȴδıֳ
ˣѾշжѾһЩˡȻɻǹŹͷΪƾȻԲ²⵽Է˼ġɴ࣬ҲͷԺ󡭡
̸һ֮Ǹǡ
Ϊÿ컹ǱȽæµġϾ޼ôһݼҵȻҵһսѾȥ˺ܳʱ䣬һжѾ˹飬Ҫİġ
ټϡڶ飬ȻһϺѹסԷһЩҪ׼ҪġеһжѹһطȻһϸļеı֡
ۣȻҲδݡֻʱһҪǹĿܺãܵˡ
깥طǱķΪѵõĴڡ֪֮Ȼ֪ԼУȴҲ᲻ġ
ݣȻӦǡ

ӡԺ֮ݾԱǻصԼġԺ
봺ԼˡԺޱƵ˴һк֮ݱǻصԼķС
Źϣ˴ϡȻȴǳ³һ
Ƭ֮ȴüͷӻУдŹص䣬ȡ˳ǰȻݵı飬ô˼ء漴¶˼ԥ
УǲУ
üͷ΢壬ȴЩա
˵ǰһʱ䣬Ϊ޷ӳʶ֮еչ뺮̶Ƿ˲ٵľȥеģղŵóһۡҪչ뺮̶ܣֻеõһ깥طпܡ
ԣ֮һֱڴ뿪޼ѣǰ佣ڣеõĳֹطӶӳ
ڴѾõ飬һ깥طǰյ˵ö룬ֱ˷ܵĿʼҲˡ
ڵǡݸ
صǴӺζصľݵģ
ôΪʲôҪطԼУǲʲô⣿ص䣬滹Ǽ٣ʲôУ
ݣò࿼Ǽ֣ԣص䣬ܲУһ⣡
⵱Ȼܹݶɡʣ˭ʱ򣬴һеõһص䣬ɻ󣬲ᾪɲ
ʵ벻ԷʲôɷǵŹԼҪԼһص䡭
깥طǱķҪΪ౶ģ
ټ˵ġ⣬ǴϹż֮еõԴϹǿ崫깥ط
Դ֪СϹʱڡһ˵֮󣬱һֱ⡰ϹʱڡΪ档Ͼ֮࣬ȻҲѯʹһϡһϵĻУҲǻǳ
һϵĻ˵ѧ󷨣ҩ֮ڵԶϹż֮зܶģ
Ϲʱڻӵг֪ǿߡھ족쾳ǿ塭ôʹõĹһǿᣬҲͿˡ


246 ɫ
һŴϹż֮еõģ깥ط
Ҫ̶ȣֻǽõ죬ĳ죬һ߶֮ͣ
ǡصľˣΪʲôҪֱû˿ɣܲɣ
޹ءֻֻҪǸˣжᾪɲɣ

üͷǰ׾鱾֮һѹסͷ깥طĺԼҪϾеĳ嶯
˹ûʲô⣬ڵҲǿΪ֮ơҲֻеһϷ֮ٴǶѰһЩˡ
ţ˾鱾ԼĻУٹʡ
˾ݵҲٶ룬۾ǳԼʶС
ʶ֮УһƬĽɫȻСڽɫϿŵĽɫ壬ѾȫȾһƬ
ǾҶģԶԶȥѾǹϳΪһ塣ڹ֮£һ㱡Ƶĺ̶ڰ֮У̶ˮһƬš
һɹɱ֮Уȴ͸һ˿Σյı֮⣬ԼԼĴ⺮̶֮ܡ
ݾĿһ֮ȴ³һüͷ
Ǿ˵ȵҵʱ򣬻ҪջΪʲôǵ죿
üͷ۽ո˵ǹŹͷԡ
Ȼô룬۽֮£ȴҲ벻Ȼ
־Ĺ۲һ֮󣬱㲻ٹע
Ŀ⣬·Ľɫ󡭡
ɫʱǾˡȡ뺮̶֮ʱЩ·ޱ޼ʵľһֵǡ⾫ǴӺζΪλǿ󣿡
ݵȻֳһ˿ɻ
ûΪ˵ľֱȽǿĿԡ뷨ֻǸճ֣ȴЩ̫š
ֻΪ⾫ʵ̫ǿˡ⺮̶Сʱÿһż޶ȵǵһĴĸоҲûСҲ΢оһ˿ƣһ˿ƣں̵ܶʱ֮ȴʧˡʵЩŹ֡
ΪˣۺľӴ̶ֳȣʵЩ̫š
⾫ӣ·ȴǶҵʹһЩơûа취ھȫµǡֻеҵľĴʱǲŻԼ뵽ҿɲݵľ֮ȥ
΢üͷЩĬ
⾫ʵЩ̫Źˡ
Ƭ֮ΡȻһ̾ҡҡͷ
һͷҲûеҪƶϳ⾫Ȼȫܵġ
ʶ֮дƬ֮ݣصʵ֮С
˫΢Ĭ
£Ҳֻһϻˡ
ţվ˿ɫȻת߳˷䡭

ʱ䣬ܿ˹ȥ
죬һζ
ʱ޼ǶʹֶΣһϵе׼˵޼ҵĺ󱲡ȫ뿪޼ڸ춼ĸҵ֮޼ҷּҵˣҲ󲿷ֶǱص޼ҡȵȵȵȡ
ԿֵܳĴս׼ߣҩȵȡ
ȻЩ׼ԶǰĴȥġ޼ıҲܾĿܣһЩ̻ʹüĴвϨ𡭡
ߡοһǧ壿ңʵ޼˶֪ǲδбȫ塭ֻ춼ıڱ𣬽˶ѡ
ֻǡҵļȴǿ϶ûжϵġ
һǧ壬ֱϵѪӵнӽǧˡټЩܱߵС壬Щ֣ҪһǺεӴһֵһҹ֮䣬Ҫκһ˿ѪȫĨɱô
Ī˵һ޼ңټ϶ֻ֣¶
޼ңʵϲ춼һڸ춼ܱߵһЩС֮УҲ޼ҵĸֻۡǣ춼ϾǸԱȽҪһЩѡ
⣬Ҳ޼ҵĳʮˣΪֻ֮˵Եɡˣ˵Ȼȥˡ޼Լȴ֪ЩϣԶܱһЩСе޼Ҹ֮ۡеġ⣬ڼشʵ׼
Ȼһ뿪֮ʱǱȽĵģ޼Ȼ׼۵ȸ߲Ŀ֮£һЩĽڣδʲôֻš
죬׼֮жȹ޼Ҹ߲۾ĶŶһһ
ãƺδʲôĶһȷ۵һ
һϣҲ֮󣬷޼ҡ
һϻ֮󣬱ټ޼ҵи߲㣬ڡԺнһС;ۻᡣݣΪʮĳϣȻӦ
֮һϱǴµĸ˵һȥ򡭡
δֻ˵֮ʱ󻪹֮УʶһЩ֮Щ֮֮ʵҲǿһЩ֮ص޼ңǱУȻ뿪Щ֮Ҳϵ˴˶֪˴˵ĽһΣΪѹ̫һ򲻰˵һϣҲֻһˣһ֮Ѱ
Ѷ˵һˣֱӵ춼Ķ֮Уҵ졭
̸һЩʲôһϲδһ죬Բʮֻ֪Ǻѳ֮󣬱Щֵֹ֡Ŀһ֮󣬷˵һ䡰޼ˡ㲢δٶ˵ʲô
Ȼ뿪һϣҲص޼ҡ
һܸоԷ뿪ʱ͸¶żֹŹ֣Ȼ˼䣬ǺֻǿЦҡͷȴǲδ˵⵹ɻǳˡ
Ȼɻɻ󣬵仰һϵĿıҲ͵ˡ
޼ңˣ

޼£۵ȸ߲Ȼһ
ȻϣȴҲò˵죬ȷܹ޼Ҵܴѹ޿ɷϵʵ
һϣ۵޼Ҹ߲㲻ǣȴҲòΪ忼Ǽ֡
ѾԲýžʹ˺ƽȻ˶Ϊ֮һĽţҲ޼һɸ߲ȥ±
Ȼ޼Ҳ֪һΪһǺѵԵʣʶһڶʾоûʲô١Է߰ƢԷͳ֮һǡ
ԣȻʱģȴҲ̫ˡ
ȻǱⲻ˵ġ֮£α֮նͳ±ǰɾҪõ̫ˡ
һθ߲ۻᣬСգǽ
ȴýһãСԣ˷׷ɢȥ
һֱûж˵ʲôݣɢȥ֮ȴһǰ
ȥʥ˵
ݿڣһϱǶ˵һ䡣
˱ǳʥȥ


247 ص
ѾһѮǳ
ѩȻʼڣ֮춼ѩ֮ʱĺ⣬ǱȶʱҪΪ߼֡
Ҷ¶ѿɫ֦ڰѩ֮Ե÷Ϊԣ˲оµϢ
һһ·ԣܿıǽ뵽ʥ֮СһɡûҲ
˲δͣ٣ֱӱǽ뵽ʥ棬ֱϵ¥
ɡ
һкһҲȻƽʱλϡһϣҲ
оô
һϿݣˡ
һ㶣漴˵һаáлϹˡ
һ뿪ʱڻ֮СյľۻȻݣʽ˶ĳϣҲûйѯʡ˶ȻҪһġ
ݵĻشһϱ΢һ£˵ͷȻʵ£
ٶһ㶣֮󣬵˵ͷҲδʲôɣֱӱǽһֱڻеǹ˳ݸһϡ
ϡʣؼûʲô⣿
ݿżɽֱʵ
δһ˵Ǿ˿еġΪһһڣȴҲʹǱκ⣬ֱԼǲʲôݵǣֻ΢һ룬һ̬̬ȡ
Ȼǲȥ⡭
ͬһһȻҲǺ棬ҲܴǹŹͷ뿪֮һϿһЩ
ǹŹͷȻҪγһֹǱĬĵһϣȻҲĵ
ĬƵΨһ¾Ƕݲ۲ԸһϣҲǲԸڰ޼ҵλϣǲԸ⡣
ԣЩȻЩҲǾ棬ȴδѯʹһǱ⡭
ٶǻ˳Ȼеġ
˾͸֪ʲôʣʲôʡ
˵ҲʵҲûʲôıҪ
˶֪ùŹͷǰıȻ̫ʲôεȵıпǴ˵ı
Ҳ֪ʲôû̫Ĺϵǣܻõô
ԣֺαضʣͽ˷пܻ¶ˣ
뷨Ҳ޼Ҹ߲ñﶼɿڲĬ

һȻĽӹǹȴ¶ɻأʵôй֮гʲô
ǡҡҡͷһһüȴǿЦ˵ʵϡҸûС
һ϶ʱһ㶣УΪʲô
ʼֻ˵ϡǴҲǹŹͷֻǣ˰ɣ
һϵ˵ͷݽ̯˵Ҳеԭ򡭡Ҹ׷ǹʣһıƾʲôŹҲˣؼʵ󲻳˵ʲôôԡ˵ţ¶ֿЦ
һŻȻ漴˵ͷ˵ȷĪ˵㣬ҲЩ⡮깥ط֣ڻпǴϹż֮ġص̶ȣǳġּǿߣҲһҳ֮ؼΪټˣϸ˵мֹᡭΪȷ˻ɶԷĿġ
Ե˵ͷЦԣһֱòע⡭ϣʶ㣬ҿؼǲʲôɣ
ݴһȴһһ㵣漴ȴҡͷЦΣ㵹̫ˡҶԣ깥طֶڡ˵֮Сڲе£ܸʲôõĽ飿
˵һȴǼΪпĵ˵깥طص䣬󻪹ǼΪؼ֮УҲֻĴ֮вСң֡깥طġǳϹż֮еؼȣû˿ĿɱԣҲڹܳһʱ䣬һЩ֮ҲǵؼǿߣһֶֻĹˡ
ȴһĶá깥طߣȻ
ϸ˵ǲһҡͷ̾
ݶʱɴ۾һ
֪깥طϡȱԡȻȴû뵽طȻѾ̶ֳȣ
󻪹ǿߺ֮ࣿ˵춼֮Уͳǧλô󻪹֮أ
Ҫ֪춼ڴ󻪹˵ֻǱ߽ĳСȻһسǣӵλöԣȻǱȲĳСݼ׼͵ʶһĵطġ
ԽǷĵطҲǳ㡣ĶҲԽܻ۸ྫӢǿߣ
Ҳ˵طǿߣԲ춼١ڣ֮춼ǿ߻ҪҲһ
һϿ֮أǿߵҪ۵أǸطҲһǿߣ
Ȼôǿ֮У깥طģȻôϡ٣
깥طָһ
ңһһ٣ٶᵽġؼпǴӡϹż֮ģô亱̶ȣҪһΣ
ؼȻ̶ֳȣ
ݣס
ȻԽ֪ؼȣͷԽꡭ
ȴĸоǺܲܵİͺһˣһŨζĴ֮ʱȴǺ֮пжǲȥһ
ָоץ
ңȻĴɿ϶ӵС깥ططҲκ˶еġپ֪޼ҵհˣûʸǡ깥طġ
һϽ˵
깥طʵ̫̬ͬȼ֮УɱǿᣬֱǺţ
ң깥ط֮УŸָС˵һ˵֮УֱȡԼҪõϢֱӽԷ֮꣬ȷ˼κһ¶Ϊ֮ؼջ֪ˡ
һ˵ţеؼȴЩĶ
ֻ֪ⶫʲô˵ġǹŹͷֻһϺȣֱ켴ഥǿԪֱֹУȻɢȷ˼ǿסκһڳе̰ԣ޼ҵĸ߲Ƕǿ깥طĴڡǺԼһʱȣһЩԼڵ
ǵǹŹͷŭûκ˸˵ԼܳܶԷŭ
˵ܡȻԡ޼Ȼ˵ġ
ãĿǰ˵޼ҵĸ߲֮УƺûΪһ˽˼ˡ


248 Уƪ
ⷬȴǲһڿˮһʵҡ޻ǲأ
һеؼֵݻݣҡҡͷ˵ȴҲ˵һУͿԼˡ
˵꣬΢һ֮һ̲ס˵ǻңҿ϶ǻеġϾǰʵҪ㲻ĻҪô鷳Ȼ仰οΪ֮ǲǱ⣬ȴǲ̫ȷˡ
һ˵ţȴǴĽӹؼЩա
ΪݳϻӦûԼһܺõĽġڿԷһԼ
֮⣬ݵҲûҪˡȻһֱ⣬֮һϵһ˵ȴЩ겻ĸоüͷʱչʱȴǽ塭
Цһϣ£ȴҲ̲סЩ

δһ϶˵һЩʲôһҲݵľᣬ֪ҪһЩʱԼȥ̸һ֮󣬱뿪ˡ¥֮Уֻʣһˡ
Ҳδͣżֿգ뿪ʥãֱӻصˡԺ
صԼļУԼ˷üͷǰؼͣȴֲ
һϡ˴͸ɱ۸̵Ķ澣֮ǹϵвūͣڽշõ㣬߲й֮ϪϽɱ쳽޺ڵ޼ҵϵʹÿƣӪءص޼ң״ֱɱۡϧֱԡ
Щ¼һʾݵĹϡɱݣҲǺΪ
ȻһУΪȻ˼ƽϣ涼֮󣬷жΪĹϵлٶЩ֮ηϾԼҲмֵ׵ġ
Ȼһȴǲͬе깥طǼ٣ҲۣǹŹͷ̬ȣ˼˼ˡ
ǹŹͷ̫ǿơǿƵҲ⣡ԷǱʲôĻ⡭ݵţֻµǱ˻ҪǮ
ǿǻǧϹпܱ޼ҵĴݻҪΪԶʱ֮ǰϺҲûôϵģˣܻ
ݽüͷʵЩ̫ȷ
Ȼ깥طջʵ̫һЩ
ͬȼɱϹ뺮̶ˮԴ֮Ǵ쾳ǿߣҲ֮һһջ
ݳҪ½̨СС춼Ȼġӵ깥طҲͱʾݰıǮֻ˼֡
ǼΪյġǿߣǿޣԼֻţȴδĴ֮еġڣи಻֪Լǿ֮쾳ڵΪȻǲġ
ôһǿĻֻΪеԥ֮Ǹһֿϧڽ󲢲ԶݾͻҪõ깥طҲ˵׼
ڴϣ˼֮󡭡
ƴˣǹŹͷʵҪҲ⣬ŷôĹ򣡶һؼʲôɸ˵ĿģֻҲҪкܾԺ󷽲ŻֳɣǸʱѾҪǿˣȫûаֵĵֿ֮
һҧкݺݵ뵽
ϰһʱ䣬뿪˴ǰ佣ڣ佣֮УʦŵǿԴҵٶȱȻٶȼӿ죡࣬ؼ֮УֻѧһҲˣϾ깥طҵĵطΪֻпܴ뺮̶֮е棬ȻҲˡֻҪҲУǹŹͷؼ֮ʲôţҲһӰ쵽ң
һУʱ˾
νϣ˾֮һǼΪϵģ
£ݽһȫ׳Ժ֮⣬ؼ˿
ʱȻΪ棬̲סҪؼϸжһ
ȻԼ֮ȴ̲סջԸ֮ǰͿʼУһֱû˾ȻǿԿˡ
ݱϸж飬ȫרע

Ҫģͨһ顭ؼ֮У˵һЩʲô
Ķ룬ģؼҲһЩµʶ
ؼΪҪΪƪ
һΪƪ
Ϊƪ
Ϊƪ
Уǰƪݲ࣬ԼĪռƪ֮һݡʣµģΪӡƪ
⡰ƪ֮¼ģǸ֮ˡ磬ȡ˵֮ԼõϢ֮ˡνꡭȵȵȵȣһ㡣
Щݻɬ£ݿ˰֮ȴҲЩԡУڻ漰ⷱʵһ̾ĸо
ãݲδ⡰ƪ
롰ƪʵǱҪеġݺ¹Źͷؼ֮ʲôţԲȫСڣҪеģǡƪ
̶һϴ˵쾳ʵ嵽쾳ߵǿҪõġ
ڡƪ֮صĸֵ귽ĹȵȡȻҲǴôʱȴС
ȵƪеһ̶֮δʲôʣо⡮ƪɡ
š

ܿģһµжؼ¼ĶһϵʶȻʼϰ
ƪ
֪ÿ߽롰족֮󣬶ȻȻӵеĳԪ֮һȻڵ£ָ֪ȴûκιġ
ôҪνԭӰε֪ӵйԣ˵ʵ塱أ
֮УһҪ⡣
⡰ؼ֮еǡط
طⲻߵĸκһߣط򣬴ӶٱȱΪǿȻ֪ȻҲҪط
ݿΣЩɻš
Ȼ˺ݻȻ򡭡
ԭνġط򡱣ָĲ֮࿴ļŵУ֮仯֮
νڼֻҪ󵽵ֱ֣⡰ط֮Уҵĵһ˿򡭡
ȻطӣҪôӵط֮УѰҳһ˿ضĹô׵£
ԣؼؼ֮УϸĽˣôָ֡仯ķ


249 
ȻȴҲô򵥵ġ
ݸտʼǴ󱯷ƣͬҲ԰յһ˿ɶӶ޷ܷӳ
깥طؼĸӳ̶ȣ֮ͨѧֺֹٱ֮У֪ȰգɶƵʣڳ̣żΪϸҪ󡭡仯ǷѶȣ֪
˵һ깥طҪгɹû൱һʱǲĵģ
ȻҲ⣬깥ط»ɬôϡ٣
ԣҪ뽫⡰ƪѧᣬȻͿġ
ãѾ˼׼ʱ仹ԣжµ뿪޼ҵʱ仹¡µʱ䣬ݵʣҪǿãӦûǲôѵġ
ǣݶڹУ֮£չˡ

ʱ䣬Ȼš
ۼ䣬Ȼ߹ģȻ١
壬ڵգͶů͵ԡ춼ɽҰ̺ĸֻ½ʢɽˮװһѤö˵ģ
ļһڡ
µʱ䣬޼ҵȲšȥյҵͨӽһĥ֮Ѿȫ졭
ʵϣȥ꣬Ҳдζ޼ռݵҵ̽й͵Ϯ޼ҵҲ𡭡ʱ޼Ҹ߲ľ޼ڲ飬԰һȥˣûʱ뾫ȥչ
ȻʱƣⷽѾȫϣĽĿ⼯յĵ֮ϡ
ǰ޼ҹй¶һЩϢҵһ֡ϣȻϵ
ǣҵһУʮ֮߰ˡԴˣ춼ڣҲû˵ˡ
۵ȻΪһβѾ˶ɱȴҲȷһ˿ɱˡȻûȫ壬޼ҽаʵȴѾûˡͨһʱϣ춼ļѾ޼һҶˡһʱ䣬޼ҵ춼С֮Уһң֮࿹
ĳ̶ֳ˵޼ңǧ֮ǰ۷ˣνվΣ桭仰޼һʱĳ֮УǱڹ͵쾡£

۵һֱΪĵĶ棬ĸµʱҲƽ޲ûо˿Ĳ
Ȼ۵ġҪ˵ȫķȥ۵ˣҲϾƢԣ춼˶Ϊ֪ġһʱİžĲʲôˡ۵ˣȻǲҷɡ
ȻΣжֽ׶ε޼˵ҲʧΪһ¡
һ壬ȱΣУôǰܵʱҲͲԶˡ޼ңΪ̫ڳǧǰ֮Уʹֻ֮УȱΣСμҹܵóѵҪԭ򡣶񣬽ѵδԶȥΣУ޼Դ
£۵Ѿʼֿʼ׼ˡ޼һķչ滮߳춼
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ʲԷ⣬ֻ޼ԽԽС
ȻҪ߳춼ȻҲһ׵顭
󻪹ڵĵǱȽصġ𸮵ҪһȦ֮УȻҪܵȦԭгԱķġǿѹȻǷǳ޴ΪΨвȡȽºһЩֶΣʱ͸пܡ
㹻С͵ôȵ֮󣬱ЩˣǸʱ޼Ѿ൱ӴԴӿУ˸
ʱ򣬽ɹ˿ءıͼչȻҪˡ
һУɵĽš

ȻһУԼ޼һɾ顣Ȼ޼ʮĳϡһ޼ĿеȻ̫ߣִ»岻ʲôҲȥ޼ҵķչԣûϵ
Լʲôطʲôط
ȻЩСҪ˵һǰµûʲôʸġ
ϾһķչǣĿǷġµ߳춼ĵһеĲͼΪӡ
º͵Ľ롭ô룿ʲôݼȿԱ֤޼˵İȻ뾳ֿԱ֤ȦеڵͶӦö󣬲ܱ֤ٶ޼춼֮еķչܵӰ죿ֵͶ룬ʽͶ룬λãǰԱչĲ衭ȵȵȵȡɶҪΪȷȷ֮һһĸʵġ
ӵ飬룬ͷʹˡȻͶˡ
޼ʵһˣҪĹУ
ŬУŬ⣬
һ롭ҵۺʵ֮޼ҿ˿ڻҪǿΪ޼ҵһϳ֣޼Զļ壬һҹ֮ǻƬ桭һϣԳֵ֤ϣ˵㹻ǿĻǿһ˥ġ
ԡڡ޼߳춼ϳ⣬ݸרĵУõѡ񡭡

µʱ䣬ݵĽҲǿԿġ
ݱʵȻδ쾳ڡȻʵ֮ȥ֮ʱҪǿʮ౶Ҳǲֹ
ߵǿᣬ󶼱ڶطϤԽϤٶԽ죬ԽǿԪ֮ڵĶԵò̫ôҪˡ
Էǳŵ˵һ䡭Լӵڵʵôԣ÷ô֮ڣ֮ܽʰ֮֡ȻǶ֣Ҫ֮佫֮УҲѾȫܵˡʵĽȣν졭
ʵʵ֮⣬ΪҪǣݵĹҲѾһЩСɾˣ
⣬˷ܲѵ飡
˷ܣΪΪһСɾͣѾ㹻չ뺮̶ĺԣˣ

Ȼأһҵʱ䣬ǿĽ֪תΪʵ塱Ҳط
ȻֻȻǲġԣµʱ䣬֮ǿġһЩ֮ǰ뿪һ޼ң뵽˺ɽ֮УѰһͷ͵Ƚ׵ޡ
ԹϹ̶ı֮֮ɱ֮ݣ˷


250 깥طĿֲ
һͷ׵ޡ
޼ҺɽΪʮɽȻ࣬Ҳǲ١ֻЩϪ콧ϵȵصޣɱ¾֮ҪһЩƽؾԶʮɽ뿪ġ
ݲδ̫ʱ䣬ͷ׵Ұģޣǽ
Ȼ󡭡ˣ
չ֮еĹֻ۾һۣһ˿Źֵİɫâ۵֮£һӶ
ĸоˡš֮˲û˶Էü֮У
δŪʲô£ݵǰǳһɫĿռ䡣ǿռ֮Уһ˿ƮɢģżΪ׹ĹӰ͵С
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еһжֻ֮䣬ȫֻԼһ㱣ţǰǻָӽǡȻԶһͷ֮ǰúõҰޣȻϢ˵ϣ
ûԪûط١һУ·ͬһȻ˿ͷޣʳ֮ʱͻȻĪĵ˵ϣ̣һ˿ļûУ
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깥ط⡭չ𣿡
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ڵʵҪϢһͷޣȻֵɼ򵥡ֻݣԶԶо˷ܡ
Ҫġָо
ֻһͷһͷޣ֮󣬾ʹȥ⣬һָо
ɱȫƾһģ
ûָоһִ֡Ȩϸд
һ̣֮֡ϣȫԼһ֮ĸо
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ڣ֪깥طΪ׷ˡ
̫ǿˣطֱ̫ǿˣ
ݽšȭͷ֮󣬷һѹס
ȫȷԼ֮ʱһ˿İɫӰӦͷҰ޵ꡭ
⹥Ȼֱģ
ǿԪǿ᣿Σңֱӹ꣡
꣬εĴڣµϣ˭˵꾿ʲôжŹǿֱõ֮ϵģ
ֱӹĹһֲֿǿ᣿£Ѿˣ
˷š
Ȼ˷ܹ˷ܣȴҲ֪׵ĻɱԷȻΪԼ֮ȶԷǿһԭǡչ뺮̶
һɽϹˮĴˮ֮ǿ̶ȣݵշʱ򣬱Ѿᣡ
ʱǹˮ֮ûмԹĿȻǲ࡭ңɺ⣬ǳĳʱ仺ȡԣշʱܱѾǼΪޡ
Ȼ£һѾһ֮ʱһȷеĿꡭܽеȫļ˲䱬ܷӵˡ
ݺշչ֮ʣ̶֮еĺ⣬ܹ˲ȫȫĿȷֱȡԼ֮Ļֻ¼纣һ嫵ľҲֻһ;
˷֮ܵݲŽƽ顭
ǿϡǣݵҲûдﵽ֪νĳ̶ȡԴΪԼһ˲Ѿ޵ˡ
ݿļǵãǹŹֵͷֻһۣһ졣֮ȫ֪֮顣Ҳ˵ԷҪɱֻ⶯֮ѣԷĲֱ࣬ͬǰͷѾҰԼĲ޴󣡼ֱԵƣ
Ȼͷǿߣֻ¾۷壬Ҳͬ콧һĲ࡭
ɴ˿ɵãݣȻֻϵһСѡ۷ľ롭ֹǧ
һ˵ġ뺮̶ֻв쾳µߡ쾳֮󣬱Ҳûжٵˡ
쾳ж٣һ춼ݱ֪Ѿ쾳ϣͿƲϸ쾳ߣжˡ
춼Ǵ󻪹һ֮ءңǱԵ֮󻪹УʮһԼ󶼡ʮһ֮У߰˸춼ҪĶࡣǲЩֻǺƽ򡭡
ȻǿĻ֮أȴڸ
콧ϡѪԨħƼ䡭Ϲħ򡭡
Щǿ󻪹ļΣ򡭡еǿ󣬴󲿷ֶǻ⼸طУԺΪ
ЩֻǴ󻪹ܱߣ
ڴ󻪹֮⣬ڵġں׹¹ȵȵȵȡ
ЩֻСҶѣ󻪹ҲǼΪġС½֮Ϻֹǧ٣
ЩС֮⣬м۹Щ۹֮УӵŴʮ꣬ڰĳ볬壡Щĵָ̣һֻеǿߣָһֺ嫣
ֱ
˹ķֲͨڴ½鼮ݣ֪Щ֮λԴΪԼµһ
ǰΪ֮󣬱Ѿ´ȥˡȻ֪˴½󣬿Źͷһǿ֮ȴòϡֻһֻ֮ܶѣ
ԣݣԴ
Ȼ̫Զ˵ʲô£ϾҪһһڵĳԣ·ҲҪһһߡ
ƽһ飬ݷص޼ңͶ뵽֮С

ƪѾһЩСɡ
ȻֻСɶѡ
롰ڻͨĲΣĿɲһǰ㡭
ݼȷĹ͵ϮࡣԵУ˼Ҹʱ䣬Ĳ裡
ȻǲһɵġҪһһУſ

һʱݵĹעȻδ٣ֻݲδȣҲδѯʡϾ֮࣬ȻÿտĺϰߡԽ֪࣬Խ࡭ԽоԼ֪١
ͨôһʱжʥڵĴ󲿷鼮Ѿݿһˡ̬ļͨһ֮ټкͣѾԼġ
ڣϴ󲿷ֵĳʶѾһЩ˽ˡٲȥǸֻ赶Ūǹçˡ

ʱ䣬ƽ֮Ȼš
ڣһֵϪ֮Уչ


251 ӡ
Ϫ춼ʩеʱѾٸͷ춼ҡ
ȻϪȻСϾҲõԴҲǼ޵ġҪ뵽Ϫ֮ȥȻһЩҪġ
ҪһУҪһǿߡ
Ҫ붼еִϪ
ҪϵΪ͵ڣߵ߲Բﲻ߳ߣԶ뵺
޼ң붼ʼչ֮꣬뵽еļ壬ϵˣ춼еļ֮Уһֱǰġ;Ψʮ꣬ҵ޼ҡ

Ϫ겢δжı仯ٳһ죬׼뿪޼ҵǣԶ˲ٳ֮ϡ
ٳ֮⣬ݿŲٳ֮ǺѹѹһƬȺȴǲпĪ
ǰ꣬ҲһȻȥˣȴѾΪһǿߣٳϵˣԶԶ󡭡
뵽˴ԸҲԺ֮˸
Сݣʲô
ޱ΢Щõͻشݵݻعͷֻޱ΢üͷЩ
ûʲô
ݻعͻȻ̽뻳Уȡһһݸޱơ
ƽ㣬š
ޱһ㶣ʵʲô
˵ʣֽ˹ȥĶ
ԼĪָխͨȻ֮бת䣬ȥλһˡһڽϸߣһСףγһ׹
׹ޱɻ̧ͷݡ
Ͼ֮һС洢ȫȻ޷ط򡭡ΪԪ֮£Ӧúֵܵסġֻ赼һ˿ͿԼ䡭һá
Цһ£Ȼޱƽš
ޱԶʱɴ۾е
֪ݵʵġѾǿߣ
ǿʲôںǿ˵ǿߣǿɼĴڣ
ȻΪϵǣޱƾ̫ΪߵݡⲢʾˡʵϴĵ׶ԣЩԼܵܵġ
ʮ꣬ߣֳɾͣ˵Ǿ޽еģ
ڣȻǸԼһܱһߵĹı⡭
ģ
ޱƻЩ͡
Ҫ֪ʵԱǿʵıָʵЩֶ̫
ȴ¶Ρ
޺ϣԼΪ飬ǣ
ԣΪ޼ҵʮĳϣʸʥ֮ѯʹһϡ
һϣȻҲûʧ𰸸ҲǸʱݷ֪ԭƣΪӡ񡱣
ӡ񡱣Ǵǧ֮бȽıʯһƷ۸񲻷ƣΪϡ١
⡰ӡӵһɵԡͨĳַԽ뵽塱֮УȻĳַ֮ӡ
һγһ׵ıֱֻҪһͿԼӡ֮
һϴݵ֪еǡӡ񡱣ΪܵԵĵԣΪӡ
ݶԴȻǺĽʥõڶ¥֮УҲҵķ
һϵĻ˵áӡķʵǲġ
Ʊ֣ǽУ滹漰طܱҲǼ󣬶ܹΪãһֱʹȥעʲô
⡰ӡ֮ɡģҪԭȴǡӡ񡱱ԡߣʵȫͬ
ҡӡΪޡӡ񡱱ʵأܳܵ쾳ѾǼޡһԣⶫʵûôġΨһãҲ߽֮ɱȻһº󱲰ˡ
һϵҲۣԼǶ伫ΪȤѧϰ֮ȴΪûСӡ񡱣ӶҲ
Ȼǰ޼ìܱݵ֪֮ݱͿʼĴѰšӡ񡱡
ȻӡΪѵãݣҪѰңҲǼΪѡԣǰɹҵôһöӡ񡱣Ȼǰ׹
ϪΣҲȥϪǶһ𿪱ٵġ޼ҵ˶ͳ졭
Ȼ˵һѾ˸кˣҲҲδʲôݻǵĳʲô⡭
ޱƣнδ̵Ҫ޷ʱʱ̱̿Էôһöӡ񡱣ҲǿһԼˡ
͸ޱƵһöӡ֮УͷԪȻһȴ֪У̺Ŵӹ뺮̶֮Ʈݳĺ⣡ȻȷЧΣԸһߣӦûǹ˵ġ
Ͼ뺮̶ϵʱǿԶԸ쾳ǿߵġ

ޱƶ͸ıＫΪ𾪣ȻȴֻЦЦȴδ˵ʲôޱƼ״ҲûٶʣǴż𾪣ǵ׹ϵ˲ϡĶҲԱγʮ㣬ﵽĵ׹ˡ
Ц̸һ֮ˣҲӸԵļУ˲ٳϡһۣǿǡ
ݵع֮꣬еˣݵĹϵҲǱ˵룬Ծݸǰŵ̬ദûǰǢ
ڸп֮࣬ȴҲûʲô취Ͼһ硣ߣߣѾȫͬһˡ
ޱ롰үĹϵʵ̫ãֻޱƶҪԶˡ
ȵСĳԱ֮󣬹Ĺ񣬻һϣεҡͷһЦ
˵ͷ֮ݸޱƴһк뿪˲ٳ
ȵʱ֣ǰ޼ҵǣҲڶ뿪˲ٳһΣǵģ޼ҵڶ첩
ƺƵ飬뿪޼ҡ

б£ӳ޼ڸ֮УȾһƬ֮ɫԵΪмɪ
û֮ϣƽܿ޼ҵϵŮǻЦ׷Ӱ¶Ѿȫʧһʱ䣬޼Ե÷䡭
Щп̾һȻ̧ͷ˿ɫһ֮ݵ˸
Ϫ֮ѾҲʱ뿪޼ңʶһ⾫ʷ׳ʵˣʶ佣ڡ
ݽ˽еһһʥã첽ȥ


252 һ
һ뿪ݻǲ֪Լʲôʱ򷽲ŻȻҪһġ
һ֮һʱ䣬һϰ࣬˵İʦҲ޲ףҪ뿪ȻҪһġ
ݵʱһȴʥá֪һϲɵ£ʥõɽ֮ϣķб£ϼþơɽ֮ݵǴûȥ
ѾҪ뿪ˡ֮ȴǲδͬһںһϣ磬ֱӷȥ
ǾȻֱ£СȻ켶˵ȴ㲻ʲô
ǿ֪ļӳ֮£磬ͣԾϡ
ÿһ·Ѿһ㣬һɽʯ͹ϣݵΣԼٶ
Ǿ֮ϣһƽһԾȻǾΪԵɣԽܶ࡭Ǿĸ߶ȣȴǰ±ڿġʵ±ڣȴηҲûС
ʱѾɽ֮ϡ
ôˣ
ɽ۵΢ոշݵǣɫһ΢ֲȴ
ݶȥ
ɽۼΪߡһټ֮⣬û
񳲱ϣһﲢһߵ±ڱԵ֮ϡĶ̽Ŀȥƺ֮⣬ֻԶǼɽɽ۵֮С
±Ȼûоߣ˵Ҳнǧף磬Ҳ㲻ðˡ
һϣżֲɫݡߵͷҲŤͷݡȻвûʲô죬еֻһƬĮ
һͨԡ㣬Ѿ֪ˡ
һϵʻȴһЦÿ춼Ȼ棬ҪʲôɫôҲ˳ˡ
˵ţߵһϵߣȻ
һһ㶣漴ȴҡͷЦЦû˵ŤͷٶȿѪȾһϦ
ľɫȻܲ
ݿһҲ³һ¶Цݡ
˴ľµȷǲƺǵɽ塭Ļ˵Ҳÿ
ѹ֣һӵǵƽݵֻ̬£ΪȾ¿ĶˣһЩ˰ɣ
ǿ֮ԡ֮Ժκһʲôĸ򣬶Ӱ쵽һ˵̬ʵһϵƢһݲȣƽֻ͡£Ⱦ£ûйϵġ
ǺǡһһЦһֽеľƺݸݡ
һЦ˹ȥױǺһڡҺʱõݶʱһƬ죬һ˵֮Уӷθ֮ըӿͷƤ
죡
ݴЦֺһڡ
һһԿŶԷģ¶Цݣ
ݺһڣݻһϡһϺֵ֮ݸݡһƣƬ֮Ѿꡣ
һߵֽ֮̽棬һ֮Ƴ׸һҲףӹ˽żȡ
û˵һڽһڡ

̫ȫɽ۵ʱǰѾ˾Ÿվƺ
һھƺ֮ݳ³һڴŨζվһЦһȾƣ
ȻҪ뿪ô
ݽȫͬı֣һбѾԷһ˵һһͻȻ̾һȻ˵ͷЦŵȷ޼̫С춼̫СжǸҪĴȥһġ
Цŵ˵ͷҲ֪ʲôʱܻ֮һȾƵġʵҵһ˺Ⱦơ
⵹ڿԡھ֮Ϊкǡơ֮⣬ݵȷǵһ˺ȾơһҾơ
о
ã㡣
һϼûҪȥʲôطҲûʲôʱߣֻЦЦ˵һ䡰㡱
ϲľһָɴ磬һЦٶԣתߵ±֮ǰһԾȥ
ȻһƣȻ֪ǧ׸߿գҪǵȥ˵һҲֻˤһ;
ֻٶȼ죬ÿʮ֮󣬱±֮һ£ȣƬ֮ƽ˵֮ϡ
һŤͷ˿ڣ¶һ˿Цݡ
һһ˵䡣Ȼȴܸо֮ĸ飬ȴǱ֮֮ǰ࣡
ֺȾƵĬм֡Ʒ֪ĺ죡
˵˵ĸ鶼ھСǰݲ֪֪ˡ
ЦЦת߳ʥá

ʥóݵڶվˡԺ
ۣȻܸһһ⣬Ͼλүү
Ҫ뿪Ըʱһ㶣ȻϵǣЦŵ˵ͷҲδ׷ݵȥ򣬱Ӧ
Ȼһһоھеĸоͬ۶˵һЩ½Ҫע飬ȻСģָƱΪ̲֮ȥˡ
ӡԺݻЩ㱣漴Щп뵽ˣ籾ǿΪ磬ɾ֮ҪһҲʵǼƽ飬۵ˣȻûıҪˡ
˵ǿȻܶ࣬ﵽ֮һ˵ܻһԱ֮ˡֻҪȥЩΪն֮ء
Ͼ֮ԣǱȽٵġ
ͨ㣬ҡͷ̧ͷա
ɫѾԽ
ݣšԺȥ

صԺݴūʹ֪ѾطǾ˴̵ķ⡭
š
˭ѽ
̵洫˳Ŷ룬Ϸţ˽ȥ
¶ºЦݣݵ̣ҡ㻹ûϢô
ԭѾڴϵĴݵ΢ɻıʱЦݣǰү˰
˵䣬Ѿߵ˴̵ߡ
ŴϵЦݣȴԷ۾˫ȣ֮ϣ¶һ˿ȻȻ漴ȴһ𽥱üᶨ
´λһҪ̴¿ļվʥҩ
ţݱǿ봺
ڴ̵УݿǱһжҪҪˡڰȻԸݶĵġ
ֻʱÿ춼æУǺʱͻȻģȻô鼫ΪɣʵЦҲԽʢˡ
࡭һЩҳС¡ȻǼΪо񡭡õȴǲ֪ôڸҪ뿪Ϣÿÿߣȴ¡
֮󡭡
Ȼº͵ЦݣȴͻȻүʲôҪ˵ɣ
һ㶣Ȼ¶һ˿Цݣ˵ͷš


253 ̼
ǿ㳤ģԼ£¾дˡȻˣоûʧȥءʲô˵ɡ
ֺǺǵЦ˵Щεɫ΢һ졭
ү᲻ݲ֪Լ
ݿЦҡҡͷ
Ҳⴺ̵˼Դ˵ү¾͸Ҳ˶١ĸ׵УԼĶ洿ġǶһ׼
ϾԼȥġֻĸס
ȻĸоҲǼ¡ݱ˵̣Ҫ뿪޼һʱ䡭ʱϲȷӦò̫
뿪΢һ㶣ϵЦݶʱ΢Ӳһ㡣Ȼ漴ȴڻ¶˼ֵǵĵȥʲôΣյ°ɣ
ǵġԷġæ˵
ԣȴ̾һҡҡͷÿ㲻Ҫȥɵ£ǸҡİɡȻȥɡ
һ㵣漴ȴǸЦ˼˵
մϪջ̾һٶҪȥ鷳ȥˡ֮󣬾ǺܳһʱδȻôЩӰˡ
˵
ļȻ̾һֻһͨŮӡȴĶӡĶӣôܻͨŮӵ뷨һأ
һ㶣̡㡭
ҡҡͷִ̧Ļһ֪Ѿ޼ҵʮĳϣλȨأѾǴˡȻֻһͨŮӣȴҲ֪Ĺ򡭡ҲˣȻԼĿ׷ңԤ㡣ֻϣκ¶úõıԼҾˣҲ޷ȥСү
ͷһʵû뵽̾Ȼ˵һ⣬ʵЩ߸Ŀеӡ󡭡
ʵ֪ⴺȻֻһŮȴĸ׵Ů
ĸ׵ıұ̼ңȻȲ޼ڵҲЩļ塭Ϊ֮չ˵С㣬ܽӴĶҲǼࡣ
֮ĸ븸׳֮½ǽ̸ŵġԣȻ̲δʲôʵ뷨ȴ֮ͨһܶһСط֮жȹСŮԣҪĶˡ
˵Ҫ뿪̣ȻᣬҲ
⣬ͨŮͬĵط
̣ҴӦ㣬һᰲȫĻġҵȵ֮󡭡һһϲ
һ֮󣬼ᶨĶԴ˵
һ㶣̾һݿеľϲҲûжȤˡ
ݼ״ҲΡȻЩᣬȴҲġ
һ֮ݱ׼뿪ˡ
ү
ߵſڵʱ򣬴ͻȻ뵽ʲô˳
ͣΣŤͷʲộ

ͻȻԼĲǰʲôͬʱ˵
һ£˹ȥ
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ʱֻͻȻӲϽһȻҪݸݡ
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壬Сǰ֮ڹ֮ǰң룬Ҳˣ֮ġ֮Ϊ壬ȴЩ˳ͻûİ취ֻ˯֮ʣ֮ȡߣʱˡ
Ŀ˵
ȴ΢һ㶣漴үļ֮Уʱӿֳ̿еĳ
ʮҵʱȷǴӴĶõһöīɫ塭Ȼʱ޼ҵĵλһͼΪ壬û¶޺Ϊ׵ģвٵʱһЩ޼ҵЩ壬û취ĥҪ塭
ڡүһȻУһȴеġ֪ĸµΨһɱ˽ǲ֡˵ǴԲὫˡ
ʱף۸һСԡҪ˵ɱˣʮһĺӣ˭ôɣԣүҲ屣һʱ䡣
ǣһΣΣΡЩһ¾Ҫõˣүÿ춼Ϊļ໤ߴ̣Ȼǿȥˡ֮£ֻó²ߣŶԷ˯֮ʣȡˡ
УүΪ岻ʵ˺ܳһʱ䡣ԭǱȥ˰
ţǡôľȵԭ壬Ǵȥ˰
̵˵ͷ㻹ǵô
ţȻǵá棬ƺд׵ְɣ
ݵͷ
΢һ漴˵ͷǵġѩ̡
һֳָ֮˱ɫ֪Էǽ뵽ȥˣæ˵̣ڸ壬ʲôô
̵ٶһظ˼֡Ȼһ˵ͷҪ뿪춼˳·ĻȥԱߵġһ˰ɡ
ʲôʡ
̼ҡĸ׵ңڽ˵
ĸ׵ңݶʱüͷ漴˵ȥĶʲô
㲻Ըݵһʵ
üͷ֮󣬴˵޼ȴŲʡôȥˣһʺҲδǸңʲôϵأ
ݾƢԣ˭ãͼǵá˭ãҲǵá
̼ңϸ˵ĵڶҡȻ޼ôܴҲ̼ҵ˵Ҫߡ
ܲܽߣ޼ҷŲһ⡭٣ҪЩʾɣѩ̵Ǳ̼˹עĴС㣬ԩ֮󣬱ѩزԴ𣬱̼Ҹһ˶ûй
áүûԹ
ȻǰġүҲڵݡԣݶҲԹ
ݵĻһ㶣ȻȴǳĬ֮̾һšΪүҲԼĿǰɣˣˡվ޼ҵˣȥȥȥĻҲͲȥɡһ㡣ֻ֮ҪԼҲˡ壬ĸ׵Ҳ˱ˣ˻ɡ
̵΢Щ˻Ƶ˵
һ㶣ŴͻȻԵ˼ֲϵģȴоǸʲô뷨
ѵΪĸ׶Ǵӱ̼ҳģԶԱ̼Ȼһָ顣겻֪̼ҵϢЩ֪
Ҫȥʶˮ·ĻȷҪڡĶ·ҲͿɣҲ˷Ѳ˶ٵʱ䡣
ţ̾һ֮˵֪˴̡һȥġúϢɡ
΢һ֮󣬴˻Ƶлл
̾һ̸Ǻñӣת˳ȥ
죬Ѿҹˡ
һ
գʽ·ɣ
תŷ䣬ȥ


254 ̵̣
գɫݣѾȻ뿪޸·ˡ
ոôǱѾһһǱ𣬽գǲ˵һˡֻķһֽʱȻῴ
ٻѾ֪Ƕ֮ˡһꣿꣿá
װ·ֻһСһϮ¡һ֮⣬
һƱֻһǧΪ·ѡģ˸С𴲵ʱӦûֽͬһ𿴵
ԺȻ޼ҵĲǮⶫ˭Ӷࣿ
·ʵȻȱǮȴܻúúõ̲һЩҪġ

޸ݱǳһ
գһ죬ͷıѾ˵գůĽɫԡءɽˮ֮䣬̧ͷ絭ᣬݵ۾΢һͻȻһгڴ
½˹󡭡лᣬ߳󻪹ʶһҵķ顭ȥ֮еϹżһߣһ
󣬾˷ܵĻ
УȻǰ佣ڵġڴ֮ǰȴһ⡭ΪֻΪǴ̶ΨһҪԼ飬Ͳܲȥ
аĹ滮Ŵ˴г̡
еյ㣬Ȼ佣ڡ
ݺԼʵһʲôλáеĹ󱯷Լ֮⣬Ĵֻǲ
У󱯷ڷ˷ķΪ̣ܷӵܶʱǴһۿۡ
ǹȻȥȫԼȴǵ⹦֮ؾµĺţƪ֮⣬ĶǲСĹܣҲǴĽࡣ
̵ģҲֻչϡƪܷӳǿ󹥻ˡ
ΪĹδﵽ¯ĵزʹô˹Եеʱ򣬻ֻ͵ϮԵУԷԼӵǿĻôʱҲûС
ӲҪʵ廯ĻӦӵ͵Ϯɱ쾳ߡȻȴ쾳кڵĳ̶ȡ
ǿȴҪʱΪǰᡭȴǼ
ȻϵʵֻǴšǰǶԷֻӵʵȴûط
Ѿ켶ߣֻҪǵȼʵ̫ôʤͿ˭յѧӵľԼǷӵȴйصطˡ
ⷽ棬ȴֻѷ
ңеķֻǡƷĹһԣƷǷǳҪġӦĹеļޣҲӦĲΣֻеõΪߵȵĹܹ˳Ľ
Ȼֻǳ죬ҲֻʮѡӵдʱȥѰѧⷽ沢Ǻż
ҲƷ׵ѧеʱٶҲ͸һЩԣлᣬȻԽиߵȵĹԽˡ
ԣ佣ڱҪȥ˵ѧͱҪȥ
ҽѾôʱˣݶһҲһЩȤ佣Ϊ󻪹Ĵ֮һеĵصǲСⷽģӦҲԲŶԡ
ߴӵƳ£ҵȼԽߣԽƳԽΪѡ֮УѰһЩԼֻƶҪˡ
ԣˡ󷨡
󷨣ĳ̶ֳ˵롰ߡƺŷǳĹֻΪߵʵط򡭡󷨣Ҳˡ
ֻһЩ󷨣ܱܱһ߸ӵǿѡЧҲǧٹ֣֮ѧӵıĪѡ
ȤģΪǰʱʥ֮ж鼮طᵽĳĳ󷨡Ϊĳĳ󷨣޵Ķٶٴνµȵȡ
ǿȻṴݵˡ
һ롭ԺԵУî˾ĶԪ֪ԼֻҪ赭дΧһС󷨱׻ܶԷöԷͽ̾Ρһд飿
˺޲ϾͿʼоˡ
ȻЩʱֻһ롣Ͼ佣ڵʶɻ֮ңأȵĶƻúܳһʱ䡣ڶ룬Ҳûʲôá
ԴӳΪ֮ȴǺٽʲôˡ粽һΣܷӳƣѾԽԽСЩһ·̻Щ룬;Ǹúúõһˡ
аš
粽ıֶΡײٴΪģΪʤĵ粽Ȼ֮ǰײҪǿһЩݵĲѾǲͬˡﵽһ֮󣬵粽ٶȣȴԵЩˡ
Ե߻˵ԵߣǷԵߣ粽ٶƣʱҪȻ޴桭ӵĹؼĻǲ˵ˡ
ݿǴĺܣǿȻΪǡơԵʣ֮ͨҪǿĶ࡭ûӲĹ
ѹЩɣܾö˥ֻΪŴ󲿷ֵԴһ˵ӵ¡ǳͬȼĵˣؼȲ϶ԷĻҲǰ״
˴ʱȴǸпӵеĵں֮ʱǲ١Ȼﵽ֮ⷽȴֳˡϾ޼ҵĵʵ̫ϡһЩ
ǵ̣һһϦԸı䡣ʱҲı䡭

һ·̵Լĵƣݾ޼ҲԽԽԶڣ·ϣҲһЩˣʼ
ɳɡǴ󻪹ں⺣Ķɿ֮һ䷱̶ȣȻǿ֪
ڵλõԭ⡰ɳɡٳҵĴӡ󺣿ڣҵĴӾûĵطˡ֮£ɳɡȻ٣Ǿʹ󻪹ڶԣȴֻСһͬʱҲǷΪɢһ
ʥõйش󻪹ܵ鼮֮п󺣿ڵĹģ֮ɳɡҪһϡҷʮɭȻд󻪹԰ŵĻҹѲ顭ǣĳڵĹģ
֮£ɳɡЩμ׾ˡ
ֻ춼ͲǴ󻪹ʮ֮һҪɡġ֮һˡ
ϾΪڣǿڵġ̶ȣȻʶ
ݴеĿĵأʶҲǣ󻪹ҵ֮أ䷱̶ȣ֪
ͬʱҲԴԼĲ²⵽佣ҵĹϵӦǲƲˡ

ߵģһЩ䡣ģģεģ˳ġ֮֮
ȻҲ켣Уǰ
Ҫ˵춼֮еͷǿǼġֻ̫͵ٳ춼Ķ֮Уʶ˻


255 н
ѾߣȫľѾǳȻȫڳпҲֻһͦˣΪۡ
ϴȻףǮߵġɳɡһͷȻҲôˡԣûע⵽
ҲһЩͬ·߾ŮӣڼʱżȻ¶־֮⣬Ҳ

ܿģɳɡǾ޴ĸۿڣӡݵС
ǧ׵Ļι㳡֮ϣȻһæµ¡˵֮صϣԵ֮
ⶫɳɹȻǷʲôʱȾ¡
Զƽܼ£ĴֻԼͷİߣݲ΢пš
˿֮ȴŤͷſڰߵĿʹȥ
󻪹˳УҪľˮ½·ֻΪӵλ󻪹غȡ
֮УҲݺˮ棬Ǵ󺣡˵˴ĻǿԵִ󻪹κһġ
⣬ҲǴ󻪹ɿڿļΪɭϵԵʡ
⡰ɳɡɭϵһҲӵšѲӡΪϡĴֻҪ׵ĽУҲһ׵顭
ĵһվȴҪǰ
Ȼ˵˴Եִ󻪹κһ䣬֮ҲвҪתġ
Ҫ춼ִʶҪתüδ⽨ȴǵһ
ãնƵǰʱ͹һˡԣҲ֪ǰĴʲôλá
δҶãݱѰǰĿʹ
ݣ˹ȥ
λӣǰôϴɣϾͿˣ
ݸ˹ȥʱۼĴԱæΧЦݵк
Ʊô
ݿ˿еȷѾ˲ٵˡ
ĻʱǵĹλʣһλˡֻ
ǴԱٵĴһ֮󣬿ȴæش
ͨԣֱӲͨƱۣ˵˹Ʊۡ
⡰ɳɡѾܾˣѾһ˫ۣʲôˣѵʲôλͨܿһ˾Ųʮġ

΢һ£漴Ҳûж˵ʲô˵ͷֱ֮Ӵӻȡһ׸ǴԱ
ҹȥˡЦ˵
ǴԱ۾ʱһԼ۹ȻлллӣллӡС
󻪹ĻңСλΪͭǮһٸͭǮΪһᣬʮͭǮΪһʮΪһƽ𡭡һ֮ͨңһµĿҲͭǮҡ
ƱȻôֻΪǴԱݽܵǡλȻ͹࡭ʵͨĴƱҲͭǮѡ
ǮûʲôȻҲ˵ʲô

ǴԱݶ˴գ˺档ŷ֣ԭ⴬֮¥
⴬ʮ׳ʮ׵Ĵ֮⣬ʣµģ¥ˡ
ݴһۣ¥࣬мһ׵ֱͨͨ󷽵ļװ塭¥жʮ䣬Ϊ¥ֻ£󲿷ַ涼֮ȻѾ˾סΨ¥һ䣬ûˡ
ӣ롣
Ա˵һǳ¥ȥ
ȻǴԱǽǷ֮⣬ţǴԱֺǺǵĸ˵ӣġλˡʲôҪǴͷһһ£Ͼͻ˹ġףסģ
ڴⷿ䡭ĲõҲҲΪ֮ǰϪסķҪ˲١һȴź棬ټһ˿˿΢ζĺ룬˲һ񡭡֮Ҫɰ˵ĴգȷǺ˲١Ҳֵá
˵ͷѯʵִｨҪʱ䣿
һ·ϲʲôʮңͿԵִｨˡǴԱæص
ʮ죿ݵһ¡
춼Ҫʮҵг̡ȻӵһͷĻɾҪ˰
ţҲΡ
˵ͷ֮ݱǲǴԱԼ˷䡭

ǴԱδƭݣϴδãǻĶʱѾ뿪˰ڣʻ
͸ľһۣ΢Ƭ̣ǻص˷֮Уϥ˴ϡ
ƪ⹦ȻеĽҪǷ;ȴҪƵʴʮΡҾ㹻ǿֻ»
üͷ΢壬¶εɫ
νġƵʡʵԼ˵ľ˵ȴǲ֪ġҲ˵طĹ֮УҪ֪仯ʮΣǣһ˿򡭡֮У΢һĴ󣬱ʧܣ
ȻѾܹһβꡭȻٶȣȴЩ̫ˡ
ͺñָſϣȻСָķ϶ٶȣ˭õȻҪһǳɣٶȼ˲ɡǱûмڼʮĹǾġ⣬ɡ
ȻһˣҪӿٶȣȴΨһһڼϰʹ֮ȫϤգܴﵽһ֮䣬ǰʮεı仯ĳ̶ˡ
⣬ҲΪʲô˵Լֻ͵ϮԵеԵʡֻΪҪⷨ򣬾Ҫӵһҵʱ䡭εǿ߶ս֮Сôʱ䣬Ѿɱ˲֪ٴˣ

ε̾һȻ漴ȴһ˾
Ϊѡ
аţ˫ۣǽ˽յС
֪˲ðʮΡͬһһ˲ĹԺתϰʮͷһ㡭ͨ˵Ȼ޷ġ
ȻǿߡֻҪڼϰҵصεĹɡпġ

ʱţȫĵͶ뵽˹֮С
̫ҲڽһĹµĺƽߣֻĿԶһ˿ѪϼȾ˰աŸӹϼγһΨĻ
Ѿʱˡ
ˡ
ͻȻĿеüͷ΢һ壬Żü˸ŵĽɫâʱɢӰ١ݶʱ˫¶һ˿á
ӣѾʱˣʲôҪԸС˵𣿡
ռϴԱ洫˽
üͷٶһ壬˼¡
Ȼ⴬ԱЩ̫̰ˡݸСѣ뷽跨ҪֺݣСѡ
뷨ǴԱ˵Ȼȴݲˡ
Сʲôģݲ⡣ģС
б˴ϡκһ߶޷ŭ顭


256 ħƣ
֮ȴ¶˼ΡȻãܲΪôһС±ʹɱ˼ҰɣԷϾģݣҲɱ֮ˡ
룬˷š۵ģǴԱĵЦݡ
£ݿ˶Էһۡ
ǴԱ׼ڣȴͻȻǰͦ˵ıЩԡ˼磬ľɫͷʱһ죬ѵԼʲôطˣ
ԭҪڵĻʱȥСĵ˵ѾʱˡС˼ûΪʲô飬Ҫѹһ
üͷƬ֮̾һǴԱĮһҲˡ´ûҵķԸҪҡ𣿡
֪Ϊʲôǰ⿡ͦⷬʱ򣬴Աͷʱ΢һȻмֺµĸоæһڿˮæĵͷǣǡС֪ˡ
ݵ˵ͷҲٶ˵ʲô˻֣ǹ˷ţ߽˷䡣
ǴԱݷſڴ˰֮¶˼ɻ󡭡ȻƬ֮ҡҡͷϴżְգתȥ
֪λӶԣѾ֮ǰĽˡԼԵЩ̫ȲԣöԷ˰ɣԱţȻš

Ա˼Ҳȥݻص֮кҪٶȾ״̬ȴЩĸ԰쵽ˡ
Ŭ˼޹֮ҡҡͷ
ӣЩ̫ˡ߷һ֮Ҫʱﵽ⶯֮طĳ̶ȣȴЩ֮ˡ
¶εĿЦ
ҡҡͷ̧֮ͷ⡭
ѾһƬѪһʱ䣬ѾݵĲ֪жȹˡ
֪ʲô
аţվ˴ǰ
ԶѪϼͷЩ㱡
붫ɳѾԶˣĿȥĿģԶһƬ򡭡
춼ȻڽҪˮ·뽨ҪΧںһʱ䣬ƹһЩطֱӽ뽨֮С
һ뿪춼̤δ֪ó̡ݵУ˷ܣڴͬҲһã
Ȼ˿ãǰ·δ֪ãԼŬΪµã
޼ңȻ޼ѾһЩøˡҲֻǺøжѡΪ޼ңԼǿȻ뷨ȴոո֣ȴֱԼֻΪⲢв˷ܵĸо
ǿˣ޼ҴޱǿλáΣ֮Ȼã
Ϊ˴̶ǿΪ»ָ˫ȣ˫۶ǿ
ݵһ֮أݣָΪ˭ǿ
ߡֻΪ˱ǿǿ
ʵЩ벻ףͺҲŪԭʲôһ˵Ϊ顭һԭд̣бƽ㡭Ҳ˵Ϊ˰顭˵ȴԵЩ̫ңԶֻΪĿǰΪֹûһĶŮ
ߡֻΪԼ
ݴһ˿Իš
˼ֻһ˲仹ԣеĻٴֵԸˣͷĪĿС
ԣ˼һ֮ͻȻһȻݺݵҡҡͷ
֮У¶һ˿ᶨ
ûʲôԭֻΪԼѣ
ͬΪʲôһûܸκһ𰸣˶ŬĻţͬڵҪߵĵ·
ӵЩѵ𣿡
ұǿֻΪ˿ļ֮һʲôģϹŵ壬Щʧ˵ǿգߵʲôطΪʲôĪʧ
˵޵ģȻȴ޵һһεĳѡֽͬļ£ʲôģѵĿԴﵽ˵е٣
ЩҪǿĿģ
ļȻ֮䣬ݵ͵һţһɺ嫵Ԫ֮ͻȻ֮Ʈɢ˳أļȻţһɹɺȻʱݵ֮У
ʱһƬâҫ͵ڵأͻȻ
һֱûжɶ쾳ڵԪ֮ȻͻȻ賤
ɫɫԽĳһԪ֮ʼݵҪѨ
һ졭졭졭
˫Ŀգ£ɫԪתݣ·ȫһɫһ㣡ɫ󣬽䶼Ⱦɫ
ܷⷿԻ㲻Ļֻ¶ʱҪȫнˡ
ݲ֪֮·Զй֮Уһ֮䣬пǵ֮
ħ֮˶ڡ
֡ħָ֮ʱͻȻֵǧٹֲ֣֮Ӱ
û˵ħǸʲôһˣһ£һ롭пܱħ
ûܹ⣬ͬҲû˿ϢߵҲǺ޹ɡڣ֮ˣħ֮еʱȻӶΪӴ޴
ţݾЩħ壡
ΪݵԻħݡΪʲôǿ⡭̬
ΪѰҲ𰸣ӴĻô⡰ħˡҪٶƽ⿪ħ;һһϦġ
ڣݵΪӴֹ쾳Ҳһ
ʵϣ׿Խ֮ΪħϢ壬޷ħŵһʱ֮ʹϣ
⡰ħͨԣԴԣֻҪˣΪ
ԣвٵĹľһԡĿģҪžħ𡭡
Ȼȴ֪⹦һħȻ֮ȥߵĹվЧǲ
Ȼʵϡֹȴܴﵽ۷ġ
֮УƮ죬֪һΡħʵֻһζѡ
Զ֮·ϣ֪жٵġħڵȴߣֻеһĿƣĴﵽ۷֮ף⡰ħʲô˰ɣ

ݲ֪Щ飬֪Լʵˣ
Ԫ賤쾳۷ĳ̶ȣŻķŻȻǹ̡
ݣ쾳̶̲һʱ䣬ںܶʱ﹮쾳ڵΪȻǴﵽ쾳۷壬ọ̈̄
ʣһֲֿ۵֪ˣֻ¶ʱҪ춼β£
ãǲ֪ԣǵ컹ܺ£
ôô˵Ѿﵽ쾳۷ĳ̶ȣ
ңһħҲ˵⾳Ѿٶ
⾳֮


257 쾳۷壡
嫰Ԫ֮ĵÿһ䣬ִͷβɱ䣬˵ĸоޱȵ
Ԫͣÿһϸ֮Уţѹšܸоÿһϸɱ֮ʱȸԾ֮У

ߵĲڽ˺ƽ棬ҹĻʼս١
ݵķ֮УǱɫԪ֮⣬Ҳɢ
ֻʣ±һʵĹ⻪Ȼתݵܡ·˶һ֮⣡
˫΢գ֮У¶Щĳ
֮ݷ˫һ˿֮ɫһӶָȻ
ݳ³һվ
֮䣬һž֮ʱڲһɻľ֮Уȫ
ݵУһĨâٶӹ¶һ˿ϲɫսȭͷͷ֮ϵЦ⣬Խ
֮ݷŴʵϲ֮лع֮ݱ˫ۣԼڡ
֮УԭΪǳı֮ɫȴǱøӵʵǿһ˿ͷԭԪѾȻı࣡ȫɢ˵λɫ
Ѿһܴ
ɫ֮桭⣬Ӧþ쾳֮˰ɣ
аš
֮ߣÿִһΣԪһ־Եı仯⡰ɫ֮桱ˮߵִ쾳֮ı־
һһˮߣⷽ棬Ȼиᵽġ
һҵԪ֮˺ܴߡ;Իǹǰ࣡
һаĹ㣬֮ϣȴм־ϲ֮⡣
û뵽Ÿո뿪޼ңһȻҪԼʵõķ
Щпš
Уظ⾳
״֮ˣִʲôطпΨķָḻʵ飬ʡҲĸп
ʣȻȵĴ޼ңÿʥ֮п鼮һιιУϻصԺ㴺˵˵һ㲻ĻλΪһ˿йΪαǿʣ
ʣħûħִӺοƣõ
½һԭǴ½֮Դڶ֪࣬СһԭǶĵ
ģĳ̶ֳ֮롰⾳ϵȺš
ԣͨԶԼҪѡ񡭡
ҲΪһ۵Ҫ뿪޼ңȴδ˿˼ԭ򡭡ͬΪߣȻסߵãһ־޴󡭡

ݿ˿Լĵ֮ת֮䣬Լʶ֮С
ȵ֮еԱ仯ʶı仯ƺ
ȻһƬ޾Ľɫ󣬺֮һĺ̶̶֮һεıһɫǹ֮УһתŵѾȾ˽֮ɫ塭
һУղδжٵı仯
ݿ˿֮еҲʧ
֮⾳ͬʱ⾳ҲԵõҲĶ
ֶʵƮĽ㶮˾Ƕˣǲָо֮֮˵Ȼġ
ͬʹһѧ֪Ԫ֮һģһĳһ˶⾳һ㣬ôʹóܻر𡭡
ߣ⡰⾳Թ滮Ϊ롰ͬȵһţȻȴʵĴš
Ȼ켶ѧ⾳ΪףԪҲǺҪġ⾳൱£ԪĻ빥˼ΪؼӰˡ
ݹ۲һ֮а뵽뿪ʶ˫
һŤͷٶȿ⡭
֪ʲôʱɫȻ󰵣֮Уһƣ鲼ķҫ㣬۾һͷȴһ˿ƽ
ĿһգݵҲƽ
ֹƬ̣תȴǳ˳ȥ
ٷ֮һˣҲȥתһתˡ
š
ɫȻ󰵣ŴϵķѾãߵͺȣͿʣͼȸѾ˳˵ⷶΧһ첻Բȣ˵ʵ顣
չأ²ԲȣҲǴӰ졣
ԣոյõһݣʱûаҪԷ˼

߳䣬ҿ˿
ˮ·Ⱥ·ҪȫĶ࣬ͬҲеĶࡣĴԱۣڴϵĿȴյġ
磬ʱԶȺķ磬ǳҳ̸Ϊһ¡
ԣѹ󲿷ֵĿ˶ǻ㼯˼װ֮ϡ
Ȼ֮еЩûܵġļװ壬ֻӵСλĿ˿áԣ¥мĴβװ֮ϵȴ̫࡭
ġλһҲֻжʮѣһ֮סˡȫ˳УҲʮ˶ѡ
װʮɵķΧĴôˣҲ˿ӵ

¥ݾһ䣬ڴ֮ϣźϮ⣬ʵΪܡ
̼ǵõǰϪСĳԱΧڼװ֮ϣ˵˵ЦЦ̸ԶδٶԱεӰֻնµ䡭мȻʧ֮С
ٺ٣λС㣬ҼҹӿǡҵĶүŶǸܳΪٷˣٻȻǲڻµġٺ٣ôһ°ɣ
Ȼ֮ʣһɤԴЦȴͻʱǽľƻ
ݶʱüͷ΢һ壬΢ãŤͷĵطȥ
Ц󣬼ʱ˼װ֮ϵпˡǴ󶼴˼ֲ벻֮ɫͣ˸ԵĽ̸Ťͷĵط˹ȥ
ͷһ䣬һЩˡ
Щ˴ū͵ΧܡǵУһװ֣ΪˣżֵɫվڵСǵİΧ֮Уȴ澹ϵŮӡ
һһϮƤüۣмūͣѿһڴ澶˺ٺЦ˵š
˵Χ˵Ŀ⣬δū˿üЦ쳣·һ˵õӡ
ǵܣвΧ۵ԿΧȺū͵桭Щ˿ȥ䶼ǲԼĪʮģ۾ɴ󣬿ȥߡȻȴ˸żԥ뵨ӡһŭԵӡ
Ŀֻ΢ɨһ֮бһЩʲô
ҵˣ


258 
üͷһ壬δһЩʲôʱ򣬶ȴͻȻһѹľ
һ֮ݲŤͷ߲Զȥ
ĶдˣĿⶼǿȺڵλáǵװ磬Ӧнŵһ
˵ģһӡ
Ŀ⿴Уȴ¶˼־ɫȻҵΪ¡
ңһ£ȴǲˡ
ʵϣԽ֪⽨ҲڵΧ֮⣬
ߡĸ׵ңҲ⽨֮Щļ֮һҲԽ֪֮һɡ
ǡ֮еһСɣ
˹жϡ
Ⱥ֮аװֵˣӦþñС˿еĶүˡݵһ۾ͿүҲھߡ
үҲֻɫҲͿ֪ˡ
ң
ݲ²䣬һн֮УִһĴɻȻҲδжŵӡ
ҡ㲻⽨߶֪಻Ϊ桭ҵǾ춼롮ԶҲЩš
һʼ˵˵˵ͷһѹ͵֮дż־⣺ڽ֮мΪһ塭²ҵ鲼ǴгǧĴ壡ڡͬǰ춼һ㣡һ־޴˰ɣ
춼ңΪ֡ˣʱһжʱҲ¶һ˿ɫ
춼ͷβ̸۵ģǹ޼ҵ顣⡰֡Ȼ춼뽨ܱ߶ŶˣҲǰ춼˵ʲôˡһ⡰ҡȻƥеġޡҵǧ壬ʱǾһ
һҲ˵Ľһ£¶˼ɫ
ٶȿ˳С
Χн֮⣬в֪ҡҲʼһЩ˵˽ܹڡҡЩūм֮У͸¶ĵɫ
ֻɫȻôĶүҲ̫˰ɣ
ݲһۡʵЩԽˡ
ǰ⡮ҡ٣ӦòǡҡĵϵֻǷּҵġүҲ˲ð
ȴǸп˵µʡһ֮ȴ˼ֺЦӣӦǷּҵĵӹűҵͷҡˡ
ˣκһ֮жеġ
ǰ޼ң¶вڼ֮иʲôҲǵķּӵܣżͷҡУˡʵ㲻ʲôʡ
Ȼ֪Էֻǡּҡˣ˼ұҵͷǸطءҲû˸׵ǡһһڱ֮˵ϻ˸ô죿ִ壬ǷҲ㹻һͨļʹ˼
ݶ޼֪ţ˵Ǻŵġ
ŮӱҷּҵĶٿˡֻǡ
˵֮дһ˿ε
һǿΪ磬ѾϰˡǿΪ߼ŭ߿Ȼ
ò˵һΡ
ͬ춼֮СϪӻع飬ڡɳɡΪæʱΣ޼ȻԶռôһ̡ƾʲô޼ֲκһ𣬹ɷҲδ涨һҪ޼ҡΪʲôе˶Ծĸ޼óôһطټæҲû˻ǰռ޼ռݵλã
ǾΪ޼ӵ㹻ǿʵ˭ǰ͸ҽ˭ɱ
ϵ磬㲻ãҴ㻹Ҿɱ㣡
ɴֱ࣬ӣȴΪЧ⣬ķ
ײǣĽܣôأ
ҡҡͷĿƶȴ뿴˱ǡҶ١˰ΧŵŮӡ
ɫѾǼΪ谵ݵȻһ
ȻֻһۣݣҲ۾һаһ
Ůӣǽο˵ŮҲۣŮӡȴǰΪ֮һǼɫ
ŮԼĪ˷䣬ᡣһϮīɫȹȥһż׿Ⱦĸ磬üĿ̣һɶ˵תüĿ֮䡭ƴǻ֮߳һ㣬һ
£ޱȾɫڴŮǰҲҪȻɫʧ
ֻǿһ֮ȴͻ¶־֮ɫգһ۾
һŷ֡ŮӵϣƺĳֹŹֵĲӰͨ˿ò֮ľ֮С
ֹĲ֣УȻȴΪȷʵϢ֮Ӱͨ˵ĸй١
ֻ̬վЩ֮УֱܲģἫΪϡˡ
ңһ˿첨סͬһ׿Ȼʡһȫɢ⡰Ҷ١ֻɫֻվ˼ҸǰС
˼£ͨһ̾Ϊֹĸоּ֮ǰиǰģûκһͨˡ
ҪǴҪǴǴ¡֮־Ϊᶨ֮ˣ
ˣҶ١һ˿Ĺϸ𡭡
ȥŮӴҲ֪Լ̫ˣԲŻĳط߱˿֮˵ĸй٣Ҫ־˵Ӱ¡ֻǿԼҲû뵽սȻһݰʽɣ
ԴˣȴٲΪŮӵķֺˡֻΪĸй֮УŮӵʵȻѾﵽ˵ʮڵĳ̶ȣ
۷壡
ŮӿȥҲʮ߰ģȻѾﵽ̶ֳȡҲ֪ʲôݣ
еǶŮӵ˼Ȥ
Ҫ֪ĿǰΪֹκһʮߣԶʮϵˡͻȻһͬŮӣȻȤˡ
ңԷ൱òˡ
ҲǺУͬڼʥˡ֮ģȻҲеˡ
ȻйУҲֹйϵĺøСݿɲ°˼ļһ
Ůӵʣɵ˰ɣ
š
Ǵ׶߹ģȻ֪Ҫﵽһѡ
ҵǡ֮صֻԼڵʮǻء
ûԼʮ꣬Ѿ쾳۷塭⣬ɣ

͸ŮӵʵҲ¿˴֮ϣû˳ֵ뷨
㲻ʲôµˡȻˣûнһתҲһֵġ


259 
ֻһŮӵʵǺ۷塣ŮҲӵеʵ⡰Ҷ١ȲݰȻûгֵıҪˡ

һżζЦЩū͵ĿкٺٴһɫԵĿ澶ˣΧΧȻ⡰Ҷ١ΪͦˣȴûС
Ⱥ֮УװֵġҶ١Ц۾ҲˣЦԲ֮ϣ˵Ĵ⡭
û˲²һԣȷֻҷּҵӵܡ
ȻĴ֮УʣȻû˿λġԼġС֮УҲǼΪֳܸĴ
ΣȻ֮ˣ
ŵҵѪҺͷϿŵǡҵգ
㣬͹ˣ
Ȼڼ֮ûʲôλûʲôԡֻҪ뿪˼壬⽨һĶֵϣ˭˸Ҳһӣ˭˵Ҷ١ǰΣ
šҡͷڽΪܺ߶Ǹŭԡһ֮󣬸̳棡
Ҳ֪ͨ˾ң춼֮лһЩҲһʲôӡԣͨȺ˼ңǽͨһЩнˡЩҪȨƣҪǳզز졭۸Ҳͱ۸ˣû˸ʲô鷳һֱҲûʲô鷳
һΣ춼һʱ䡭Ϊ춼ǽ⡰Ҷ١ͷһãԵ࡭
һϴҪصԼΧˣѹõЩ̬ȷˡ
ճԹٰͣĵǰӵ֮װ֮ϣǴ㿴˴ͬеĳ˿֮Уû۵ġ
û뵽ûתƶãͿǰŮӣ
Ȼܸоһַǳֵĸоĸй٣ӲǸоŮòƲǰȴزסѹõɫġ
·;ҪʮܵҲţŮҲǲ
֮󣬵ȵ˽ҲͶˡҲͲں˰ɣ
ңС㿴ȥȻЩŹ֣ŮʮСӡܵˣڴظһֱȥ
뵽͡ȻҲӦöͨˣ֮£ټ϶Լҡͷľţﻹ˵ôࣿ
⣬ŷǰһĻ
ľ飬ֻҪԼˡҶ١ͷЩеŮӣиҷġ
ΣҲɣ
Ҷ١װֵϣ¶һ˿ЦݡȻѾԼĻ֮ȥˡ

˵ĺʵֻǷһѡ
ūͰΧŵŮӷ΢ţǰһȺǶĵļһȴǺԡ
ŮӵȻǲӣƽʱ˭˼ǿͿǳѾõǿߣͬһΪɫῡܣһǰû뵽˴ηʡףȻ飿һʱ䣬ͷҲ˵Ǹʲôζ
ҡʲôʱҾȻǳôһݰ١ˣ
̼ǵǰЩʦ⽨ʡסʦиҵĳϡҳԼһ󱲵нڣǸ˼Ϊ̵ӡġû뵽
뵽ҡҡͷһῪڵīգŪˡ
Ȼݺ׹̣ķõԭЦֹūǶʱֹЦԭصֻŮġҶ١Ҳţ״ĿŮŮӣ
Ůӷ·ҲĲõһʱȻû˵Ļ
ߣѾҪֵŮȴʱӦǣС㡣
䣬ֻСʱӿֳһ˿ݺݵŭ⣬Ŀһɨ֮ϺɫâȻţ
ʱһɶΧ󲿷˶ԼΪǿʱǴ
ͻıʣΧġҶ١ԼԷһūͣͻûлع
ŮӶˣ
ã裬ʱҲǷЦΪūͣ
ūδعֻǰâһ漴

ҽ֮ʱ𣬴˳ϵĳţ
ͬһʱ䣬ΧΧߵ۾ǻȻһɣ˼Ŀһâ
ݣҲ۾һаһ뵽ŮĹе似ͨĴ·ɫ
ڵʵҪ͸һߵ似ӣȻǴ´ˡֻһۣ϶Ů似
Ůʵǵڡʵ֮ƽҲҪǿడ
а־š
ޱʵѾﵽ˵۷壬ȴûͻƵ㡭ˣ޼ңѾС֮ŮˡȻһŮȥ껹ʮ꣬ʵȻ֮ޱƻҪߣ
Ůӣʲôݰ
ݶʱŮŮӵݣӺˡ

ߺţһߵսѾȫ

ҽ֮Ѿȫصװ֮ϡΧΧߵ۾ѾȫĴͣ
ΪīաŮȥ⡰Ҷ١Լһūŭ˼ˡȻСûȡ֣ȴҲǼΪ
ЩһᶼֽŹۣװһأЦ׵ūͣеĹȫķ飬ѾѪģһƬҽҲвֻܷһ˹̲סһĺߺߡ
ǡҶ١ǲȻһֱû˵£ЩūͲŸ˴󵨣īȻ
ֻ壬ڼװ֮ϣĲҽšһŰֵԲѾȫŤ
īգȻֱӽԷӸˣ
Χ߶ǵһʶһԼ塭óǡҶ١Ժǲˡ
׵СƤ
ŻŮӼΪͬΧڡˣĵһɺ⣬
νࡱ
ͬΪˣȻǿǡҶ١ΪŶԷǵطִܵˣָͬܵĴġ
ӣп澶Ůǣǵ۹֮У͸¶һ˵Ŀ־֮ɫˡ
ʵ󲻳ȥο˵СŮʵȻǿǺĿԣ
ҪǷС˵һ䡰ŪˡֻһزҺļһѾһ߾ʬ˰ɣ
ŮӣǺεݣȻӡҡʵ֣޿֣ǸͲ֪⡰ҡڽĺ壿ˣͷĲ²


260 ݵϹ
ЩΧβ²⣬ȻǲŮӵ顣
С㿴īն˺Ҳҡҡͷ˵ϵһ֮Ȼ¶һ˿̡
һ뵽Щ֮ǰԼ꣬С΢һüͷҲȻ
ǡҶ١һ֮СЩֵĵīһ֮ۡ̾һͻȻһɰ͡
Ȼʱݵɫȴͻһжʱӹһ˿ɫĿĶ˶ԷǸīɫСɰ
ǡ
ݣȻɴ۾Σˡ
е֪κһ˿޷ӹĸӦġڷţŮ̽ǡīɫɰ֮ȥʱȴоһϸ΢ǲϸӦԲزļȻ֡
ֻǵʮڶѣط
ݼֻת䣬Ƕʱ²Էˣ
εϣҲʶͬĲȻԷһϱǶһ˿ŮīɫɰϵĲһģһ
ӲҪ˵ʲô𣬴ҲǰŮӲڡϾҲŵʮڶѣûӵ֪Ȼ޷סزˡεʱȻҲûڡȴ֪Ϊǹġ
ʵѾһЩϸ΢ط֪ͨǿڵġΡݿԶԣҪԼǿңǿĶ࣡

ŮӣȻӵд
аš
ݸһϴһܳʱ䣬һҲݽһЩйһЩʶУһЩѵһıȵȣҲнܡ
һ
ţЩԶǴϹż֮ġȻ٣ҲԲͨ˿ԵõġһѾǴ쾳ǿߣҲӵһɼĺ
ȻǰŮӣȻӵ쾳Ҳӵеġ
⡭
Ǹʲô

һţȻͨ˶ԣز޷Ӧġ
ԣǵУֻŮӴĺɰһ£ȻȴǴͳһȻֱ׸ȻڵϷҺŵġҶ١Ů˵ܲԣұġҲЩ壬Σʩͽɡö鵤㲻ʲôҩĥ֮ˮַҲϵˡСʹ룬ϣΪ䣬ӴԺΪ֮ɡ
˵꣬Ůҡҡͷתī˵߰ɡ
˵꣬Ǹ¥ȥ
īȴǲֹﻹҪʲô鵤ЩʵС̫ˡ
̫𣿡Сһ£·ʲô֮¶˼Σҡҡͷ֮û˵ʲôŸ¥ȥ
īռСûʲôʾֻòʲԸĸȥ֮ǰȴŤͷֺݺݵĵһЩūͣһȴʱһЩƲ̫أŮӵĻ׼ȥŮӿԿƵҩƷūͣˡϾ״ڵءﻹаַŵĴ֮У
˶ĿһԶȥû˸¥֮䣬Żع
ʱ˵֮ʱԣǲ²һ澾ʲôݡ
Եо塭Ͳ֪Ǽˣ
ˡŮӿ湻󷽵ģ⡮鵤ȻҲͳҿţ⡮鵤ǼΪʥҩ㻹һڣ⡮鵤ܽ˸֮ˣԽӴŮӵ˵⡮鵤Ȼ㲻ʲôҩ
ŮòĵػҲ֪ĸĴС㡭
˶̸šûǡҶ١Լһūǡ
ˣҲͶԼӵˡ
ŮȻ˵ҩһ㣬ȴǳ˵֮С
ǿΪ磬ӵĵصˣҲֻ봫˵֮˰ɣϾЩһڲ֮ǰԶԷżΪͷء

Χڷ׷ţڴ֮ϵݣĿȴŮʧĵط΢
ȻƬ֮ȴ³һҡҡͷ¶ֿЦ
ŮӡҲ֪ɵɵıҲóʾ˵ҺңҪǻһˡ
뵽
ֶ쾳Ҳ첻ѵıﰡҲŮӵݣǴ֮лܴڵ˾ϲıǡ㹻òˡ
Ůֻʮǰڶѡ˵ĺǺ۷塭Ȼǿ߶ԣҲͨû˿ȱϣĺڵʹáⲻ˷ʲô
˵ʵݼⴢĵһӦЩĶȻһ˿ĶܿͱѹȥҲⴢһˡ
Ȼʲʲô˾ӣȡ飬ҲɲŮӻһЩøУˡǣ뷨˰
֮ô࡭һ˷ŮӵĴ˵ãŮսҪһ³ǿɾͿɱˡ
̾ϢƬ֮ȴֲһ㶣ʧЦҡҡͷ
ŮӵģȻ춼ˡôҲ˵ӦǴط·춼ġȻôһʱ䶼ûʲôΣաӦҲһЩʲôֶΰɣﵹٸʲôģ
ݰԺЦҡҡͷҲڶʲô
ȻŮкøУͬҲһЩ桭Ҳ֪ԼԷӦʲôġٹ죬ִ˽Ҫ뿪һĸ׵ҡ̼ҡ֮Ҫ̤ǰ佣ڵ·֮ŮӵĿԼΪ㡭ֺαϹʲô
뵽ŤͷһѾ½½ɢ˵Ⱥһʱ䵹Ҳûǵˣ̧Ÿ¥ȥ
صԼķ֮Уһ֮ϥ˴ϡ
յԪ֮ȻѾ̣ͻȻ˼ҶĲݳ̶ҪһЩˡúúõС
뷨ݱ˫ۣɫ󽥽ȫѾ붨ȥ

ļʱȴǷƽ˾ÿճͻȻ֮⣬
Ҫ⶯֮Źһһ鲻ͣԼﵽءĳ̶֮⣬
Ȼν򲻴һݾѾʶԼЩ̫֮꣬ǷһЩٶȡֻҪһ˿֮ݱͻͣ磬˳Ÿһ·Ĵ󺣣ˮ⾳Ҳĺܡ
ͨںǰ֮һգֻǽˡ֮ˡ
֮ǰһ޼ʵĴ󺣣Ѿĳɽȡ


261 ȻĶ
ν򡱣ʵҲǽˡ󻪹֮ڵˮ·
󻪹غң֮У󲿷ֵĵӵݺύϵĺӵڡ⣬ҲСˮ·׵ִ󻪹κһ䡱һ˵Եɡ
ĴֻѾ뿪ˡں򡱣뵽˺֮С
ֻĿģԶڸ߷壬ֲࡣϴľ졭
վڴβļװ֮ϣԡȫ˼ֺζȴ˼΢ͣǣգ˱ʡ
ݽҲѵõûڷйװ֮ϣŴ϶ԶĿ壬֮УȴǴżп
춼ʱݿûʱȥصɫÿնΪԼͣŬšмǹ֮´Ѿ£Ҳû
ڼװ֮ϵģ֮⣬лŲٵĳ˿͡
Щ˿Ҳ󶼸һ֮ϲɸֳЦ⡭ֻڱľµͬʱ໥̸ļš
Щˣ඼нŵˡЩ£ЩˣѾ󻪹һ顣̸֮¶飬඼δţδ֮£ҲһЩȤζ
ȻܵҲĶҲ͵Щ˵̸
ȻʵĻЩ˼Ҳûһָͷǿ󡣵ҪۼšȴѼˡ
½е֪ͣļ֮С
Ȼʥ֮вҲΪ񣬵һЩϸϵĶ¼Ȼûô꾡ˡһЩ˵飬ݵһЩȤ
ϱҪ롮ķΧ֮˰ɣգۼ䣬ȻѾȥôˡʱ䣬ǹıȽϿ졭
ݲԶһȺšһ˿˿ܾһ֮ȴͻȻڸп
½֮ϣŰΪ棬˶ŬҲΨڴȴֱȽϰȫĵطķ˲⣬Ҳ֮С
ţ˵Ϊء춼롮󸮵ķָ֮мСʱܽ롮Χˡ롮ġǡмг̷ִ̣ʱȴЩ̫˰ɣһ˽ӿ˵ȴЦ˳
ǡ̷֡΢һ㶣漴ȴҡͷпʵյгֵ̣һ𣬸̸ۣ˿οƽ仹һʱ䣬˼ջ򽫷ֿѲ֪ȴǲ
˵ţǡ̷֡ҡͷѣЩܵӡ
Χһԣǲһ㶣漴ҲЦҡҡͷû˵
⶯磬ǴͶˣȻķʵȴɼƼˮ꣬Ϊֿ֪֮ٶ˿ϵ飬ʵ̫Ҳѹǡ̷֡ȸдˡ
Զ˷ۣ΢һ֮ȴҲ̾
ǿߣ½֮Ȼ㲻۷ߣһЩԱ֮еġȻǰЩͨˣʵҲ㣬ҡ⵽ΣĴ½֮ߣԱ֮ҲûСҲ
뵽˴ݾȻ˼ָпҶԼԽ޼Ĵ塣ȻҲ֣٣ӵһԼԱ֮ܵԴȻǰЩˡҪõԴΪѣ
½֮ϣйǧǧݬ룬ͨܽӴģǴǳֹҪֹͨһԱ֮ܣǵˡ
ţҡҡͷҡ
С㣬㿴㿴ǿʯͷͷӵԴ
ݸп֮ʣ߲ԶһȴǴżֿһ֮£Ťͷȥ
ֻھԶĵط澶Ů֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻҲװ֮ϡΪīաŮ˸߲ҵָŶ԰һ±ϵһʯüɫĳλŮӻĽкš
ߣλŮȻһϮīɫȹʾˣһ˶һ˵֮С
Ȼɢֿӡ˸֪Ĺ첨ǿƾɫһۿۡҲ¶˼º͵ЦݣŶ԰
ǡīա֮ԣһŮҲǵ˵ͷӯһ˿Цĺء
û뵽ķ羰Ҳܲ֮Ҳ˿أ
Ҳ֪ǡīաΪ֮Ƿ̫ɢˣݵĶȻûԷ֮֮ۡһ֮գһ۾Ȼ֮󣬵Ҳû̫ˡ
ֻĿ⣬ȴǲɵŮӵϡ
֮˽ֲ֮ǺУŮȻҲ۵ġ
ǹ첨ͨ˶Ի߻Щô˾ǿߡȻҲӰ죬ӰȴѾ̫ԣ⴬ϣҪ˵Ůյģ¡Ҳֻˡ
ȻӰ첻󣬵ҲЩӰġǹŹֲӰ£ŮӶѾ̶ֳȡôһ㲨ָжأ
ݿȻȴڲźš
Ȼʱ
ԭԶŶ԰ŮӣȴͻȻŤͷǡãϵĿһţ
Ŀʱԣ
ݵıʱ΢һͣȻ漴һ˿˵ĹŹָоȴݵͷ׵Ҳǽס¶˼˿Ź֡
ԶŮѾ˼¡ȻŮӵ˫ĿԵʱȴһ˵ĸоͷƶ
˫īȻȴԵ÷飬ɾķ·һ㲻Ⱦ
üĿ̡Σƻá
Ůӣͬӻ߳
ݱͷͻȻĸоʱ֧壬ʱ˷ӦһߵŮӣҲ΢˴֮¶˼Ȼ
С㣬㿴ǡ
ĿԣŮΪĳֺĸоʱջԼĿ⡣
ŮߵŮīաȴû⵽СĹŹַ֣һΪʯͷ̲ס˳ͬʱŤͷ
عͷǡÿС΢Щ㶵Ŀ⣬ʱһֹȴ¶˼ɻ󡣲ѭŶԷĿŤͷȥʱݡ
ݣҲڴʱع
һǰδежʱ壬оԼҪǻ
ݱϾ켶ߣһ֮󣬶ʱѹסһ˿о
֮û˿ı仯¶ЦݣȻĳŮңңĵ˵ͷ
Ůһ㶣ݵͷ֮󣬼ҽõҲסеĴ㵣ͬݵ˵ͷ
û˵ֻ΢˵ͷǺĬ໥ջĿ⡭
ͬΪĬġ˶԰±ڡ


262 
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ڴʱԱͻشӴ֮˳˼װ֮ϡһ˶װϵ˸һ˵ע⡣
˶ͣ˸Ե̸ŤͷǼԱ˹ȥ
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ԱĳżװϲĿ˵
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ݶ⽨۲ϤҲһЩܽ鼮пڴ˵صĽܡ
Ǵ춼뽨֮ĵһۿڡź硰ۡ¸ۡԼĽۡǽĴۿ֮һ
Ȼ춼һ㣬ڴ󻪹ʮ֮һȴǱ֮춼Ҫϲ١ټϵ˸ϵŰḮ̩͸Լ춼Ĵ󸮡νͨ˴䷱١
ֻ۷̶ȣȴǱ춼ǿһﲻֹ
ĸۿڵľ͸ԵĹģԣ춼ĶɳɻȥԶϾֻڲۿڣ⺣ⲿۿڡ֮ĶԱȣȻֻܽԹģСˡ
ݵһγţطķȻҲΪĽ޳ǲʲô׼Ǹɴڼװ֮ϵȴ
֮䣬ŤͷһһֻۡŮҲû뿪˼վڼװ֮ϣӵ֮УȻЦ໥Ц̸ţĿźӵľ¡ݶ۵һ˿ΣƺҲδӰ쵽ǡ

Խ֮󣬴ֻΧԵʱдֻҪǱҪǷ˱ĴֻӭĴֳֻ󻪹ˮ·ı
񼴽뵽һۣܸĿȥףǧ׵ĺӵ֮ϣǴССĴֻһʱ·Ҳ
ǴԱ˵ǰԼĪСʱ֮ǰĺӵȻһЩģĸۿڣǳ֮С
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ݴӴ̽Ŀȥһۣü˴ĹģȻȲ϶ɳɣȴҲǲСٴֻͣϣСѹѹһƬ˵֮ʱԼص˶ϡ
ݵעĿ֮УʱֻѾ˰ϡ
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ѭŹͨ뿪֮˫ṳ̋ء
⼸һֱڴ϶ȹ˵ⲢûʲôϾеıˮԹϪΪˮƵʣרԼˮ֮Ϊĸʱʱ̶̿ǳ֮С
ȻΪһϵеıʣõʱ£ϴֽ֮֮ʰһ
˴εǱһ򡭡ڡˡӹⷽ棬һЩ
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ʶ̤ϴأҲֻ΢Щ㱣˲Ѿ˹
Уò֡һ֮ȴŲ˳ȥ
ʱȻ㳤ȴҲ̡¿

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ëƤƾƤףϥ⡭ҪĿ˿ȵȵãޣΪֹ
ӣͷǮһ
ҪֻСǮö

һ·Χߺ֮ڶУò֡
ҲǺΡ
⽨۵Ĺģûжɳô󣬵ݵⶫɳɣûжʱ¿Щʱ䣬ߺȣС̯λϵƷһʱҲǱ桭
󻪹֮أӴ˴Ƴһˡ
ͣͣδʲôĿꡣȻôС֮ȴǸп֡
ΧСƷװйءҪȻĸֲ޵ĹëƤȵȣĿĿϾӡ
Щ֮⣬ھ밶߲ԶĵطȺΧԲγءڳ֮УŲٵ赶ŪǹתŲơʱһȻк֮Ե÷֡
ݴǰȥһ󣬱ǿЩ赶ŪǹģڴΪһЩߡ
ЩձʵߣԼĪҲҡˣŪĶʵսȻôȴȴǿתŲ֮ɴ˿ˮмֿͷʱпͿĿģֶһСǮǮл
ͣͣǵ۽󿪵ĸо
˵ֻнȾ¡Ϊ춼ʱݸûʱȥϸĹ۲Щ·ֲδʲôؽӡ飬ʱúõĿһһ֮£ȻԸ۽󿪡ףԭͲǣġ

С㣬С㣬㿴㿴˺ÿɰɣ
ʱⰶӵĳһŮҲйš
ŮǷʡףĿĵǽĶǡֻǵ˽ۣȻĿĵءֻܲסḭ̄˴¿
һС˵С̯֮ǰīտС̯ϲ˵Сˣʱ۾һæڳһԵСе


263 УĿꣿ
ī˵Ҳǿߣͨ˶ԣǼΪϾҲʮ䣬ҴСһĻ֮£˳в̰ĵ
С̯֮ϵҲȷɰʱīյĿ⡭ԿɰССŮĶġ
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ô
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С㣬С㣬һɣһɣ
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ŮҲΣȻС˲ȤīϲҲ̷¡ǳ˼ʵ˼ңǵʱ䲢ûж١һˣҪ೤ʱ䣿
С˶ֻҪһӾͿȫˡ
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ֻҪһӰС㣬ɡī۾˵
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˼ұæֻС̯ǰ̨֮ȡһߣóһЩСɵĵ̹ߣʱ
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ʱһߣͱһο˵ŮŮȸԾЦšī˭
īնʱ۾̵Ľ֮˹ȥСаţԵúǿġ
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ȻһΣ˼ҵı֮ȴ¶˼ɻһŮӺöۡȻһ˵ĹŹĸоʵЩĪ
Ҫ֪һпѾʮˡҪ˵ģСˣǼΪ׵ġǵҪƣҲҪƾգҪҺڵġȻļˡ֮ˣֻҪһۣں̵ܶʱȫ߱
ΡȴܸоǲסǰλСò
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⡭˼ҺΣͬʱҲɻѡ
ȻŮȴδΪԷָоԵʡЩյнӹСˣ¶һ˿΢Ц˼ҺաǮ
˼ɫ΢죬Ȼҡҡͷ֮С̫أС϶գ޷ԣСƷС϶͸СİɡһֻҪǮͿˡ
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˵ţҲ˶˵ʲô澶Ů߿ˡ
С㣬С㡭
˼Ҵ󼱣Ҫ׷ȥȻȺôܼ׷ϣգֻ¶ָмɫĿͶŮ뿪

Ŀꣿ
ھС̯ԶĳһȺ˻ڴˡ
һȺɷĺ»ĮΧһСȦмΧм䡣
Щм䣬ˡ
һˣһӡŻ룬ΪӢȻļȴԵЩ̫𪣬ֱѾ׵Ĳˣü֮䣬͸¶һ˿̬ԼһϮаĿ˸֮䣬һ˿նζһ֪Ǻǵ
ߵģȴһһϮɫȹŮӡŮļ˵ĳˡֻ԰ɴڣǹʿСһԼʤѩһļͿƲԷòȻü֮䣬һͬһɰӡǣ˵ٶȰθһΣͬƶ˵Ůһ㡭
ֻǣŮһŮӣ֮ȴһƬ䣬ĿĮ֮΢͸¶һ˿˵ĵĮȺ֮УѾнԶ澶Ů
Ȼ˵ģȴǵˡ
ͳдԣһԡΪĳ֣һ˵ϣʱùֻΪһУ
˺ԼĪʮµ䣬ɫ״ģͷ֮ϾŵɫԵüΪĿ࣬㣬һԼĪųߵĳħƣҫҫȻǷƷ
ѧΪңңħң
УҡѧԻֺ벩ǡʶͨѧɵĺУɢϢӦƽϢ
ȻǰУ³ŵģƽһ˵Ȼɷ
꣬ŮеȻֵĺܡȻֵǣôһվΧȴδж˻ͷһۣ·Ϊһ㡭ʵɻ󡭡
ǵġ
ĿŮʧ֮УλƶŮһڵŮӲջԼĿ⡣˵ͷ
ʮڡΪǲߡ
ǺһƬƽ˵
ŮƽĿһۺУȴδ˵
ֻӦкķⱦ֮Ҳ衣
ȻǺƽ˵֮󣬽˵
񵤡
ŮӳĬһ£ٶĿڡ
ƽ仰ʱͫȴ͵һ֮һȷǿ߸棿
֮ǰѾġ
Ů˵
ǺԵ˵ͷ֮󣬿˳ȥ
ֻԭȫɷ֮֮߳Ѿȫʧȡ֮ģȴһƬƽʱеӰѾʧ˵֮С
ŮӾĿ˿һ˿ɱ⣬߰ɡ
аʼͷЦ㣬ҿʦټ˶ôɱˣδЩ̫ϧ˰ɣ
˵䣬аâһӶ
Ů΢˶㣬ͷаһۣȻֻعͷƣС˼Ҵ£ҵܵܣҲ㣬ѡ
˵䣬ٻӰѾ˳ȥ


264 ɮ
аһüȴʼЦһδŮӵвУһҡε˳ȥһеĺ»ǣҲæǰȥ
һ˿ĲļȻһ£Ƿ·Ǵһˮ
ˮ֮ȴֻһز֮󣬱һŮӵС
ţΧ˵ٶ˶С

ĿĵйãʱȻ˹ȥݣҲǻص˴ϡ
ˣʾĴƱ
һԱڴϣϴ֮󣬱ǿĳ˵
ϴ֮󣬰뷿λԱǸһŴƱҪ⴬ƱΪƾ֤ܻصϡ
ݴӻнŴƱ˳ݸ˴ԱԱһ֮Ź˻ݣӭ롭
ݽӹƱЦŵ˵ͷ¿˿
ϵĴԱѾæµӼ׼ˡͨλõĿˣѾ½˴ա
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һ춼ûһǹء⹦ǲܷˡ
뷨ݲδڼװϹֱͣӻصԼķ䡣
صֱ壬ϥ˴֮ϣ˫΢աʱһŽâתü֮䡭
ݵľΪӴȻôӴľȴΪĳԵɣûа취ʹõġ
ǣⲢ˵ûһ˿ĺôʵϣ깥طʱ򣬶ԾĿ൱ġͬ쾳ڳ̶ȵߣȹʱ򣬴ÿֻм֮󣬱ͻΪľòͣͬ㣬ÿһζĸʱڲͷ궯ͣôʱģνǾ޽С
ÿһεģܴʶ֮ǹޱߵĽɫ֮ȡݵľֱûнޣ
Ȼ⾫Ҳǰ˼⡭ô˵ܻһ¡Ȼ⣬ݵҲûȥ
֪䣬ʱݵ֮УȻŶȥ

ҹĻվ١
뿪ѾһʱˣֻغӶϣһԡءԣȴҪĺӵ֮ϡ
Ҳɫȫ֮ͣ˽յУ³һ˴齣˴ǰ
ѾѮˡߣһ£ʵ¹ӳɽ֮ϣҲһ˵С
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Ա̼ң˵ûжٺøС
޼ңԼ봺̹ǽʲô裬ƾ˴ȻšϵүͷʵϵȴūҲ硭
ȻǶʱ֮У̼ȴһοʵĻҲδ
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⵱Ȼ˵Ĺȥƾ˵Ϳ϶ԷͲעߣѾ
Ҳ֪ƾЩܳΪӱ̼ҵĽڡȻԷѾֺαҪصʲô̼ң
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ݳ³һĿԶɫδжٵϲŭ
û취ǴôΨһҪԼȥ顭ѵԼܾܾ
ΪԼ˲зä˵ͬĸһĴ̣ݺݲôԼΨһҪ󡭡
ɵģݵ˲ϴŵīɫ壬ݵĮޱϲ
ȥҲáˡүô꣬ҲҪѰһ𰸵ġǣôһˡǡĿԣ
ҡҡͷһ·Żǰת˴֮ϣ˫ۡ
һΣģǱɫĹâ
ݵʵٶһϵ˸пѣȻйءһҪԭǡݴɶСʲôط˯ʱԶԶĵеʱ䡣
Ҫ֪ȻѾﵽ죬ζӵ޾ľˡУԶûа취ߵġ

գɫȫʱݷ˫
һҹϢٶȳ˼֣һ˿֮ɫ֮һӶҲվӡ
ž糭һ쳹ȫ̶̵һ֮䣬ݽȫĹѾ˿
洫˽ŤͷһۡȻδϣգȻһ졣
ɫƣĴ£ӵ֮һơ
еɽҲһζ
վƬ̣ת߳˷šʱӦѾˣ⴬ȴʱʱ̶̿ӦʳġݣԳš¥֮µĴʳȥ
յǲС
Ҫˡ죬µǱ޳ġ˵Ȼˡ
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ʱѾвٵĿˣ֮ϵΪ֡󲿷ֵĿˣһӣڸǰ꣬໥̸š
⴬ϵʱȻУͬʱҲΪġ磬ûжٵֿɹ˴ʱġ
֮ǰ꾰֮ϵرĺ٩һҲһζ
ݿһ֮ȴǼǰ
ͬһꡭ죬ڵأ䵽صĹ̡һֻءʩˡ
û߶ԶһƽȴͻǰԶݵĶУȴһ㶣ŤͷǱ߿˹ȥ
ֻǰ̫ԶĵطвٵĿ˻Щ˴·˳˼֮ɫ·Ϊһ仰Ķĸһ㡣
ݵĿ͸Щǽֱӱǿ桭ֻڿ˵м䣬ȴһɮˡ
ɮźɫ״ģз˷ǰų߽ħ֮ϣߡ˫Ŀ뿪أݸ㣬̬ȴǰȻȻȺ֮Уˮ֮ǰȻȴȻȻһְ֮
ĸǰȴһǵˡ˵¶ãã˫֮ȴȻ˿˿ıɫѪ˿ȻڷӦǳڼΪʹ֮Сֻ··ΪĳﴥĵΪĲλһʱȻЩˡ
֮˲ųһóϷİݵɮ˵ĸǰ
ʦһԣĺĳӣõéٿӣܽˡ
԰գĿͷȺʹȥ
ݿǰһĻȴһ㶡ʲôʱ⴬ϾȻһУ


265 
󻪹֮Уе춼֮УŲٵɮ˳Ⱥ
ŵ֮ĸѩ̶˽ԵԴһǰɽķ֮ȴ·һͷǴɽ֮·ޣȶʼġʶ춼֮УҲǼٵĺɮ˵ġ
ǰȻƽʱɮֻͬΪԷϴİ֮ŨңһƽϢת䣬˹ǿ֮
ϵڽҲΪʢеġʵϣѧԴԸԵɡе֮Ҳɳ֮Ϊ֮
߶ԣȻ̸ϵģΪѾӴطνʵҲؼʤ֮ķ֮һѡʶһ𣬡ǱΪˡ

еʵɲ⣬ʵȻǿ
ȻעģǵȻǽֻǶԷϴϢǡΪԷʵ
Ȼʵ
֮ԺΪ֪ĹϵԶʵԼ֮µģͬʱûרʲôߵȽײϢģݻ϶һۿȻǰУȴǿ͸
ôֻܡһеʵ̫ǿʵѷ֮Ȼ͸ڶĳָߵȵĲϢĹ֪ĴԷѿԷʵ
¶һ˿졭У뿪춼֮ĵһԼʵ˰ɣ
֮󣬳֮⣬Ҳʲô뷨֮ݵʵµһ·һԼǿʲô
뵽ȴҡҡͷҲڹעֱ˹ȥ
ݲδ֪ȥ̽Է
Ȼ֪Ȼ̽ԷǱԼǿֻʲôϢĹȴ֪
޼ҵʱһϾ˵£ɵı¶ˡֵ͵
켶ǿߣǺԵ޹ʵ֪ȥ̽˴˵ġϾ֮УʵǾԱܵĴڡܶʱ򣬺̽ԷᱻΪƵΪ
ԩ޳ȻΪһʱĺһܵǿСȻԷȥƽͺ˵Ⲣʲô
ݿǷǳŵĹһǿġеĴ󱯷ƣûзŹΪʱܱôǿĹ󣬵һɮˣзŵķټϷŵѧܱսһֿɲˡ
ѧڽ̡ûκһڽ̵ѧǿǵġ֮УȥΪƽķš

ӦϵĴҲ֪йԼʱûб
ݱ㳯ʳöȥб߰š
Ȼȥ̽ԷʵԼʵǷ¶ҲЩġ
͵ءֻԶñ֪ԼĵƾʲôطŻԽȫ
ҲĥˡʵԵ˴ԼʵֻϪʱҪ촦ԣʵأһء
˭ҲʲôʱΣҪϾⲻһƽ͵硣һΣ磡㲻֪ʱ͵ʲôˣҲ˵׼
ݵĹеߴ⶯֮ɱΣôԼʵ¶ȻᵣġԵ˵÷
£Ȼ
ôһʵԼߵˣԼʵҪֶԸԼ
뵽üͷ
ӣȵ佣֮󣬻ҪѰһϢĺ÷Ȼǿ߱ӵпϢͬȼǿ˵еޣҶܿ˴˵ʵֻרϢĹֵš
УšֻĲѾִ
һ֮˽ȥ

쾳ڣ
ãã꣬¸ͣɽ֮Уһ֣ʣ˿С
ʱһĳ˼˽еĴ󴬣ɽӵ֮лС
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аš
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뵽˴һվߵ˴ǰ̧Ŀȥ
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ҽٶ̫죬⾳ȥˣȻľȴ̫Щ
ʶӣЩΡ
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⾳ҪǶطһϵʹѧ֮ʱܹӳô
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Ȼľȴֶָط򡭡ǶԱһ϶
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ʵϣҲΪʲôгŵ֮ƿݣʵȴ֮ͨŸΣյԵʡ
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֮ȴ̧ͷ˴һۣٶȵĮı۾
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ݵķ֮У˼֮³һ¶һ˿Ȼ
ӦûɣϾǴطȵִ춼Ȼ󷽲ġҪ⣬ֻѾ˰ɣﻹȵڣ
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267 죿
̧ۿ˿⣬֮ü֮΢һʱһ˿ɫâü֮͸˳֪ʱСΧɢ˳ȥ
δãݴ۾Уȴ¶һ˿
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ƶݵΪŵġһ㣬ʲôжأ
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뵽ݲ뵽ڼװŮһ֮ʱĸо
ݴԼŮøУҪԸŮӣǡбݿˡ۳һʲô̬ʶûеԹ۵ġ
뵽˴ݲٳɣ˫ۣü֮䣬һ˿ɫâȴǻת

ʱ仺ţմΣһ졣̫ǹ˿Уո¹գһϴһ貵ľ޴ʯ
Ȼͬһװ֮ϣ̸ҲʵĽ
г̣Ҫִ˰ʱֵȥİٻׯƣ
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š
װһ࣬һŮŮīգҲվڴ˵ء
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һԵŮīյĻȴҡͷһЦ˵ѽٻׯֻһ֮Ȼ޷һ֮صȡôý¸롮ɡȣ
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ī㶣漴ŤͷһԶȻ໥̸ŵһˣ¶ȴЩԺĸо
Ƭ֮īͻȻ˦˦ͷˣҲˡ
˵꣬īƿĿ⣬ѰȤ顣
תһĿ⣬ȴͻȻһ㶣漴ΪͻȻڵС㣬㿴ǴУǰϴġ죬ǿ˲ءôء
ߵСһ㶣ѭīյĿ⿴ȥ
ھԶļװһ࣬ǰϴĴУϥڼװ֮ϡߣȻΧŲٵĿˣԵüΪ֣·˵һЩʲôǶȣǡÿԿȺΧŵĺСֻݸ㣬һ˫۾ΪƽͣΧ˵һЩʲô̬첻мֵõɮζ
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ŮȻû˿˼׼ʱһ㶣漴ȴҡͷʧЦ˵īͷС󡭡ôӰ
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Ůһ£֮ȴҡҡͷ󻪹ɲ٣Ĵ֮⣬һЩСɡɽԺڶ࣬ҼʶȴǿǰƢԴ󶼹Ź֣ǲҪ˵Ϊá
ŶīԵ˵ͷջĿ⣬еĺ棬ʱѹȥˡ
ͻؼˡ겻Ҳ֪ʲôģءīͻȻڴİͷգ૵
ŮҲһ漴Ҳ˵ͷ̧ͷԶ
С㣬Ҫڼ೤ʱأīͻȻŤͷ
С֮Ҳǲ̫ȷҲ̫ȷм죬үүһʮˡ֮˵ɣ
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268 ɱ
¹֮£ֻһССӰʣӴһ࣬ĳһ䷿Ĵ֮С
УȻ˫ƽ֮һ˲ʧӰ١ʣµģֻһƬɷĮ
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ϰŵСͲ֮ȡһֽչ˿
޵ƣȻ켶ʵϵâȴܹɷд֡֡
оĿһۣ漴վΡߴڴʱͻȻһ˵ɷ֮Ŀ߳˷䡣
߳ţͣΡĿȴҿ˿漴׼һ򡭡ȥ

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ЩȻɻĵطֻȴѾû˼˼ʱ䣬ֻΪŷһ˳ԼȻӷ֮͸¶һ˿ɱ⡭֪ԷѾ߹ˡ
Ůӱʵ治С̽ңžǲҵʵǲǰֳһɣҪԸҵĿҲˡɱڡ
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ݵâ֮ͻȻ¶һ˿˵Ĺâ²ϡȻ䣬â֮Уȴһ˿ı֮ɫ
ƪչ뺮̶Ϲˮܱ֮Уһѵļ߰
ţУһƬ侲
ڵȴȴһһɱĻᡣᡭڶԷֵ˲䡭

ŮеıǣСӲֻ쾳ڶѣҵʵ͵ϮҪɱֵʱ򣬼ӦҲӵ㹻ʱ佫£
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һ˿Ľâʼתּ䣬ģһ˿˵ĻֺȣĴ
Ȼδãһ˿ֺȴļȻһתʧӰ٣ȡ֮ģȴһ˵Ĺ첨ƮƮ죬飡
ϸĻȴǿԿֻе֮ϣһķӰת䡭һ˿ֺȣǴ֮ġ
Ȼȵת䣬һǽɫķȴīɫֺʧȡ֮ģǹɹ첨
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߼ͷһΧתĺɫȴ¶һ˿Į֮ɫ
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ȻǰЩȴħƼĵԴϹŵȴǷ֡ŹһɵķΪܷӳԭķķܵӰ졣Ȼʹ似ܣȴ˿Ҳ٣ڸӵǿ죡
⵱Щ߸ĸо
Ȼ˵еȻʲôϵԼ㹻ǿҲˣ
һֻҪɹˣͿԵõö񵤡ʱұͿԳ쾳ڵľ磬ұȻȡóɹһöת鵤ͶһҪõһУֻһ쾳ʮڵĿѡ
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飡
иߴ壬ȻأƵһ졭ڵصһ˲䣬֮ϣѾֳһ˿
Ҳһ˲䣬ԭҵľͼزҲ˲ʧӰ١ǷŻڿеĺɫҲ˲䣬ʧ
ȣָƽˣһߺеʬ塭

δãŴɫ΢Щ׵ݣſڡ
ɨһ۵ϵĺУȴ¶һ˿ɫ
Ŀ֮ȴһ˸˷ܵɫ


269 ˲
ӷŵزУȻԶĴڡʵҶȻĶ֡ӵйҲһ
ݿŵ֮ѾȫʧȥĺС
չȻǿ˹˵ǿߣȻܵĻҲûУһ棬˲ɱ
ݳ³һ˷˸ݣ֮УԶԸ쾳Ȼ٣
һȻ˵չ뺮̶֮깥طǴ쾳ҲնɱԵõⱦ깥ط֮ȴûһĿһ£жٶɡȻǰһսѾȫȷչĹ˵ӵлɱ쾳ߵľʵǣƣǾȻûġ
뵽˷ܲѡ
Ȼһ˿˷ܣܿǱݸѹȥŤͷ˿ܡ
ɫȻ谵֮һ˿ҲûС
ȻʹóѧȻزֻǿ߷ܹӦطȻ٣֮µˣûа취ֱӸܵġԣ˵һݵĽ棬ѾиɱˡȴδΧκˡ
ȴδԷȻǲǰɱһǰĺӵֹֻڣͱʾܣȻĶԷС棬ûǿݲ˵
а˼Ƭ֮ȴüͷһ壬Ŀӹܣ֪ʱɢ˳ȥ
ӹһȦ֮üĵĽâʧݵ֮¶˼˼ȻͻȻеʬϽԼķ棬ȻںеϷ
ҰһߣеϣӦвٺöġ
п쾳ߣ֮ǰıȻķĴڡϣҲȻŲٺöġ˶ѾˣЩȻҪݽˡ
ұɱ˵ģ˭ǵ鷳أ
ݱ߷εֹš
Ȼʵеԭ򡭡ŮӱҪԸǸ˺Щ˼ɣԾԲκһ֪Լһεж
һ룬ҹʱ򣬶ԷȻĴֻԼڴϣвܶԸԼĵ
ԷҲǲС߿ɲô붯ġǴ󶼶ԲƸмһˣܴǵģҲֻװҩԼָķˡɴ˿ɼб֮˵ҲǲС
ҲⷽСڽڵȻҲСܿסܹĴֻأ
ΨһֵǡԷΪֻһйɼߣֱնɱǼΪɼ򵥣˵ΪһУѾ㹻Щأ
Ժ֮е˼ͣתš
Ҳǡ쾳ߡһ쾳߶ԸһʮڵߣֵͺñȡһҪԸһӤͯѲɣҪרǲüͬʱԸôһӤͯⲻǳԱ˳ŵû¶ô
ţеĶѾ
еĻУҵһЩƱµһֻۣ²֮¡ߣǷǳĸеġ
Ʊ֮⣬ݻѰҵƿ
֮£ݽһ򿪣һ£һûŵģԼĪĴָСĵҩҩͨ嶼ûһ˿ζ͸澿ʲôģ
ܱЯģȻǷƷʲôҩʲôЧȴúúôһǡ
ţȻǲĽ֮ԼĻС
ȻݵĿ⼯е˴һΪӵ鼮Ȼһ֮ȴ΢һ㶡ֻΪ鼮֣ݲʶ
·һֺǹϵ֣ȥͬһϢķ
ǡʲôԣ
һ㶣գһ۾Ȼ󲻽һ¡ȻĿľԶֳϢһ֣ȴǲͼ
ü룬ݻһԶķ˻С
紫жѾʮϰ꣬ĺԸ޵Ľ죬ҵִѾͨⲢʾûˡ
ʵϣ󻪹֮УӵвͬͨԵĹԡֻʹõıȽٶѡ
ؼ˵׼Ӧþĳʹýٵ¼ġȻܲʲôĳһܽ⿪˵׼ʲôľϲҲһأ
ţѾлеĶȫȡ˳
леĶٵЩ֮⣬
ûдıˡ
ﵽһ֮ԽԽǽٶȴԽԽԼʵģҲǸѧԼָĵҩˡ
֮·ֻǽ֮ϣɻ˷ġԣоֵҩ󷨣ͳΪǴм϶ʱ䣬ԼԼսѡˡ
ǣҩо󷨡Ҫֲϵġ
һôȻûʲô˵ġЯߵĶǼΪġ
ǣûеĻôֻܿһ֮Լƽռ֮󶼷ɽ֮С⣬ҲΪʱʱĳɽ֣ȴǽĳλǰǿߵĸۡõԵɡ
˵һûдߣıǵĸۡġЩ˵ĸۡ޽ڻĽҰ֮䣬Ҫ뷢֣ǼΪѵġ
ӵһǰߣûԴ죬ֻǻҪߵˣִˡ
лоֻôһɼǽıﶼĸ֮ۡˡĸۡʲôط֮⣬û֪ˡ
ݲδģϷȥļš
쾳߿ǲġʵϣ޼ʣµİڵʮλǿ֮УֻλҲǶϣĳ峤˵ִ쾳ģ󶼻쾳š
һԣ쾳߶Ը쾳ߣͬʮ߶Ը˲һɼ򵥵ġʵϣҲΪЩ˶ĳ쾳ǣݳΪ춼һҡ
˵쾳ߡ춼ҲΡһ޼ˡ
˵ȫ޼һ춼һҵıԭǡһϵĴڣ
ûκһҺӴ쾳Ĵڡ
Ȼһԭ򣬱޼Ҷϣĳϣ峤ˡ쾳ߡ仰˵ÿһ˶ӵһֶʮ쾳ߵʵУϸѾﵽ쾳ڵĳ̶ȡһˣԶԸʮ쾳ߡ
⣬޼
ɴˣ֪һּ˰ɣ


270 
ӵжʱ׼Ӷеչ뺮̶̺ĽϹˮĻֻսֶʱҪд
ݲĵѰҲδõʲôԷѥӶϣȷûκһۡλõĵͼ֮
ӡһ˵ģߣΪ˷ֹԼռıΪԼɶӴ˷ѣʷĳ֮УʶԼһŵͼ˿ѭŵͼҵµı仰Ҳһȫȷ
Щεֹһ
֮ƲƲ졭ҲǣڿִдɱһʬҪڵСʱʲôͼֽǸԼĵʵ
Ȼ棬Ҳûа취ˡ
ֹһվ
ӺݽлܲضĵطõһЩʵϵʱҲŹȥ˶̶̼Ӷѡ
ôأ
Լ°ͣŵѾȥĺУȴǿ˸
Ѿɱˡûв´Ļ⴬ӦûиеĶԷ֮˴ڡ˵ʵȻҪǿ⴬ϵĿ˶ˣ֪߱ȻҲУҪ֮ҳҲЩ鷳
ݷ֪ӦһܣĿģΪѰڰУӺе
Ȼ˴Ҳ˵ӦǴڵġӺУͬҲںе֪֮ͨб֮ˡЩʵʱҲڵһʱ佫Ϣ֮ˡߣȻеġ
֮̽Чȴ롭ֻΪδ˯ŵ˿ɻ٣໥̸ϰ֮޷ȷ˭ǷӺеߡ
㲻ۣѾˣǵȵ̫ûжĻ᲻עأע⣬Է᲻֮˶ǿֻɶ٣
Щյ̫Ѩòʵ١
ѧ˹ƪĹ⡭ҲͲˡϧ
ͻ̾һСǹƪ֮Уͼ¼һֿͨԷȡԼҪõϢط
Ҳֻ֮󣬱һջ
Щ̫ȫСϾǹŹֵͷʵЩղסȻĿǰƺͷӵʵʵڷСʲôһأ
佣Ĵ֮һţлŪûġڣǲҪȥоıȽϺá
뵽˦˦ͷе˦˳ȥ۾˸
ڵǡҸô죿
ѾɱȲǲǺȳ֣ѾǺбʵˡЩҲ֪˵֪ˡ
üͷЩա
˼Ůӱ׷ɱԷΪ˼ԷݿǹһˣֻһСС쾳ڶѡԷҪȥ飬ɾЩˡ
û뵽һγţȻ;뵽¼֮С磬Ȼƽĺܰ
Щյҡҡͷ
Ȼʱ䲢࣬΢˼һ֮һ
ȻѾˣǾɡбɱٹһǱȻʱ򡭡
ֳһС֮ͻȻ¶һ˿â
ģһ˿Ц
΢ǲٳɣеʬſڣü֮Уâʱ˸
֪ʱɢ˿ȥΣʱӳݵԺ֮С
ȷڲ֮ݴţźеʬ壬ǳźеķȥ
ĶΪݣȴɡһ֮Ƭ̣Ѿ˺еķС
Ŀ΢һɨ֮󣬱ǽŹϣȻ󽫺еʬ˴ϡ
ţ
ݵѾǼΪˡȻ˵磬¹⣬ҲȻ谵Ĺ֮£Կ
зŵϵʱ򣬱ǷһСֽƬҲǾڴͷһࡣ
ĽֽƬ𿪣ʱ֣֡ӳ
΢УֽѾȷ֮ǰƶϣȷˡ
񣬱ǵȴˡϣҵ뷨ȷİɡ
аţ΢֮ȴһ뿪˺еķ䡭

ݻɱУźеʬصķУֻǹȥƬʱѡ֮ݵٶȼΪ飬ԣһֱڣûоκһˡ
ֻȻƽƽȵĳǷŽšСʱͿĵִˡ
Ĳ֮ԵüΪ»֮£ֻһֻɽ֮˶С
ѾȥʱˣΪλûʲô
ڴֻһ֮СŻϸЦ̸һЩʲôˣͻͣ˽̸һ˲Ƭ֮¶˼ɻ
һҲ¶˼ɻҡҡͷ
ҪҪȥһ淢ʲô£ѯǴ𲻳ɾ͡
һ˵ĵ˵һ䡭˵Ǵ𲻳֮󣬱ȴǱЩѿȻ͸Щľɫ
šȥ
һɫҲǱ˱䡣֮󣬵˵ͷ
Сߵſڣƿ˷š
ֻ֮һƬԵüΪ֪ΪʲôߵſڵʱԵ΢ᶶһ£ͷһ
Ȼҿ˿һƬȴֲòһ漴һ˹ȥ
ʱѾһ֮ǰͣǺеķ䣡
NNá
֮ʱ
ˡ𣿡
֮󣬲ûӦһ£һڿˮЩŵڻһ
ȻȴƬҲ˻ش㶣ԥһ֮һš
룬žȻ֨ѽһƿһС졭
һ漴͸С죬˷桭
ɫ¹֮£Сһ۵סǴλá
ֻǴϣһӰ͸¹⣬ܿԷͷϷĹâһС
˯ˣ
ȻǴһ¡
֪ߵġôߣҲ˯
ͷӹһ˿ɻ󡭡
Ҳûȥ롣
Ǵӷյ֮󣬱һֱڵĶȻôʱ䣬ȴһ˿춼ûд˵лûж֮⣬˵ʲô
Ѳɣа취Ϣ֮䣬һֱɱ
ͻȻֳ뷨ȴô¶һ˿Գ⵱Ȼǲܵˡ
пҪôıȵҪжʱȴֲж㲻¹ӣҿɺء
ЩԹšһ뵽ԼԷĲ֮࣬ȴ˿ı֡


271 
ˡСǹЭ˵ġʱѵöˡ
СĻ
ȻƬ̣ȴû˻ش
һ£üͷСĵ̧ͷȥ
ֻǺȻƽڴϣû˿Ҫ˵˼
Դˣٳٶ۵Ҳ÷Ӧˡ
˵ıʱ΢һ䣬Ǻŵ壬Ŵ˹ȥͬʱˣˣ󡭡
һ·궼Ĳѹŵľ֮ʱԴ˿ѿڶ˵ͫףһ˲Ȼ
ֻΪ¹⣬ˣǺСɴ˵ģû˿Ե˫ͫ
ˣôˣôܾˣ
־ôһƨ˵ϣɴ۾ȴһ˿Ҳ
⣬ǿ߰ڲʱ֮ǰúõĴӼװ֮ϻصУ׼жôô̶̵ʱϢˣ
˵ԴһƬհס־ϯȫЩ

֮˲ͻȻ뵽ʲô͵һµӣǡһţԼķȥ
˴ʱ겻ﻹǵҪСĲ
ʱˡһĶʱص֮ϡ
ôˣ
ʲô£
ͻĶòٿ˶Ǵ˯бѡȻһӸﴫ˳
˲СĶȻȴѾܲô࣬صԼķ֮󣬶ʱݺݵġ顱һţٵϣУĿ־塭
ôˣ
һģʱһæѯʡ
ˡǣǺˣ
ɫ԰ףڻ˵ش
ˣôܣ
ʻ֮˲ɴ۾š
ģѾˣ˼Ѳţ
ôģ
һ֮ϵѪɫҲǶʱʣɴ۾
֪ˡ
һ˶ʱһͻȻ뵽ʲôæܵ˴ߵһ֮ǰ
űīֽ⣬ٶȼд
Ƭ֮д˵ȲīɣǺҵһֿ첽ߵ˴̨֮ǰ̽һץȻǴӴ̨֮ϵĴϣץһ֮ڣһֻ
æץٵĽдõֽϰŵͲ֮УȻ󣬶ʱŷ˳ȥ
ңǸô죿
һ˿ѽŷɣڣ̲ס˳
뿪
һҲǵϣɫ԰ףֱӿ˵
˵꣬붼û룬ֱӴӴ˳ȥ
һ˴һ£ȻҲæعҲ붼룬ֱӣǳ嵽ڣȥ
һ࣬Ǻ

ͻĶ˲ٵˡ˶ǷԾ˴̨ͬʱҲ
ٷű򿪣Ŀ˳ɻĿΧ
ʲô£
ղʲô

Ǵλʦķ䴫ġ
ʦףʦأ
˵һµķ˶ǳǷȥ
ʦűˡѵС͵
п˲²
ͬʱһλ߽Ǵʦķ䣬ߺʦʦ
󣬴ʦ
λ߽˴ʦĿˣƬ֮ͻȻһС˶һʱ¶־֮ɫԭЩ˯ĿˣҲʱ˲١
ţһˡǻĲڴ˳ͷһ
ˣ˳ɫ԰׵û˿Ѫɫ
ʦˣ

ˣǵɴ۾һʱ䣬ϣ

е¥һЩ״̬п˶˹ĴҲǱ
ΨУݵķ䣬ȻһƬ
ݣĶ֮ȴһ˿Ц˸š
Ƭ֮һϣϲɡ
˵꣬һԼ˳ȥ

ϼΪңȻΧɽӵȻһƬ
ĺˮ֮صڶԣһֲ¹աԵΪ
ֻ֮⣬һݻ˽˴ֻǰš
ҹѼȻҴϣȻǵƻͨܣк»ţԵüΪɭϡ
˴ֻһܾԶǱɫڵȥɫƻҫУȴԵ쳣
֮ڡ
ɴס˵ľɫ֮ϣżĮȻü֮䣬һɰȴԵ÷ע⡣
ɴŮӾڿ֮ϣ̧ͷ䣬·ڵȴʲô
ߣһǹż٬Ц⣬ĿһԣеһȡżŮӿһۣȴû˵
ʱ䣬š
ΪλûϢ
Ůüͷ͸ɫʣɫ
Ǻǣżô
ͻȻֺǺǵĿʵ
Ů΢һüͷŤͷһۣٻعͷȴû˵Ȼüȴ΢š
ôʱ䶼ûжĪǡ
Ů˼֮УӵɫͻһĿ⳯һطȥţһȳȻֻһССĺӰ˽
ü漴ЦųŮӵϢˡ
˵꣬һһĿڡʱɵ֮ͣϡ
ȡͲüͷȴһ塭
ֻΪͲ֮ȡֽƬȻҡ·ڻ֮кȥġ
ٹעֽŵң꽫ֽŶĿ΢ɨһۣȻҲ¶һ˿ɫ
ôô
һֱİɴŮӣеľɫüһѯʡ
ߡԼ
վʼ罫ֽŵݸŮӡ
Ůӵüͷٶһ壬ֽ˹ȥ
ֽ֮ϵּԵúңŮӿһ֮жʱӹһ˿ɫȻֻһӶ
ô
꿴Ůӵı飬һ˿âͻЦʵ
ŮӾĿеֽţ̧֮ͷ۾
뿪ɡ
֮ŮĿڡ
ˣüЦŵȥĲһأ
뿪
Ů˵һ֮Уһ˿ɵζ
ʼ򣺡νλᡭ
С˵꣬ŮѾĽӿڡ
зɿӹһ˿⣬ȻָһƬĮȻſе£˸ģֻûϵʧܣǾ͵´ΰɡ
˵꣬Ĭһ£ͻȻῪʵȷڴϵˣ֪ʵݣ
ǵλͨҵң뵽ôʵ
ŮӲÿɷ
İɣҿûôЦ˵


272 ֮
Ļ䣬ŮȴǾĿһۣŤͷˡ
üң漴˵Ҿǳˡ
Ůףȴδ˵ֻǾĿſС·Ҳϰֱ֣ʼ磬ת˴֮֮ǰ
취õڷӵʬ塣
ŮӳĬƬ̣ͻؿ˵
΢һüЦӦһ
ʱССӰӴ֮У˳ȥ

ҿǿɵġʦеƷǱˡϵĺ֮⣬͵ϴǿΪ
ⲻܣװ֮ϵдԱѲӣǿҪϴܲǵġңҪֺ֣αʦ˶֪֮޳˭ǿУˣ
˵ô£Ѳɻǳɱܲɱɣ

ϺЩңĪĳ˭û˯⡣֮ţҴ
ŶĿ룬˵Ľ뵣ǣݵݾԵƽࡣһֱ۾ȴ΢ţƺѰʲôֺڵȴʲô
ᣬ᲻ʲôޣʦ̫ĪŸʬλҽʦ˵ôû˿ˣĪʧȥʶҲͣϻһ㺮ȻˮԵĺ˺òʲôްɣ
ͻɫЩ׵˵ԼĲ²⡭
ܣޣڻܴط
˵һ㶣Ͼ˷
ɫ԰֮һ֮󣬵ǲ˵ˡ
һŰ磬κεطпܵ޵ȺֻΪǿ޴󲿷ֶ赲˻Ұ֮⣬ٻ޵ġ
ȻҲǾԵġͬʮɽȻҲǿ򣬵ʵŲٵޡֻЩٰɽˮ뿪ˡ
ⲢʾΧ֮ڣһǾԵİȫҪ֪֮⣬ɻű޸Ϊɲģ
ЩΪʳһЩŵرӵ˽ӽǻ۵ͬʱӵ仯ܱκһҪɵ࡭ֱ仯߿֪̽һ֮⣬֮ǾԲġ
ȻĿǰΪֹݻδ⴫˵пͳ޵ġġ
С㣬˵ʦôģ㲻˵ô
īŮȻҲǱһҸˣ˷֮ǰһ֮īյı͸¶־ɫģߵŮѯʵ
ȻŮҲΪĬһ֮ûжٵֻһ˫۾ȴʱʱĳһϼۣü΢壬ƺȷʲô
īյĻһ㶣֮ȴҡҡͷû˵
īգһ۾ɵѭŮӵ߿˹ȥȻһ֮󣬱ʱһ㵣С㡭㲻ỳλʦλӡ
ŮɫһīһۡƬ֮ҡҡͷû֤ݣǲҪ˵ĺáţˡ
īǴ˴·ѾԼСĶǹӲˡĿ֮УʱԴ˼ֽš
СݷͬСɣǲܳˡҪǶԷͻȻѵĻ˵ƴҲ˼С㡭
īзݵšӣҲ΢Ӳ

˵Ŀ֮ˣȻݡݵڣ֪ԼߵݣѾ˸ˡ
ֻĿɨŮʱȴǷǵĹŹ֡
ȻҲֻǸоǿԼĿЩŹ֣īڻЩšȻԭȴδü
ֻΪڣ濴ȥΪ侲ʵϣȴڵȴš
ʱѾȥôʱˣȴûʲôҲ֪ǲǶԷѾˣ
΢аš
֮ǰɱ˺СȻȴŹ˸Ӻеˡ⣬ȻԼĿĵġ
ĿġΪöԷ֪ͨˣ
⿴ȥЩݾߣȻҪɵġ
ݵĹƣԷõϢ֮пܵģַӦ
һвʣǰҪһһ̽
ôʱΪ֮ĶңͿݺܺõԼǸʱֻҪ֮˲쾳ΪСܣȻ׵ķ֡ȻԹչԼ̶֮ȻԽ֮СһҪöԷɲշ
Ȼܶ࣬ҲڶԷδԼ֮ǰȥ
ȻҪŮӣ˽Լ뵽Σ֮УǿɾͲԸˡ
ϾøҲֹֻøСԶûжĴﵽΪ֮Բĳ̶ȡ
ݣͲһ׶֮ˡ
ݵһ㡣
һֿԣεġԷںй֮ɴǶԷĿ걳֮Ϊ̽Ҳңʹ롭
ǰһϵб֮ȻĿ걳ǼΪ˼ɵġڲɸĸǰɱһǸоûбҪһֺγǺ±¶ʵ̫࣬öԷɵԼͷϣ
ԣб֮ˣһƢԽ֮Ȼǲաһ˵Էݾ͸ѲپĿǰһжԣǰȫ˵ġңҲûб¶ԷƤ֮µΣˡ
ݿԷѡڶַӦĿԻȽϴһЩỳɣ֮ĿŮ֮Ϊ
ԭֻΪġ̫죬Ҳ̫Ī
ʣӵгкܶʵôϢ֮䣬ֱĨɱѾ쾳ߡҲ˵ҪϢĻɱҲҪ쾳ϵΪʵ
һǿ⴬ϣб֮ˣ᲻ῼǿǣ
Ȼβ²⣬Ƕĵϣûʵǿߴڡеģֻһ˵ӵչ֮ʵֻҪһ쾳ȫ֮£Ȼһġαǿߡѡ
ݵ۾΢
ȻȻԶԷѡڶѡĿԱȽϴ󣬵ҲųԷһѡĿܡԣȻҴ⡭
ʱȻš
Ϻ֮ȫˣԱ˹򣬶ҪѰҳһ˿˿ھһʱĲ֮̽ڣͻȻʧٵĿ˽뵽˴ߡȻ󣬺֮һˡ
ʵ֪ǱԼɱĻ˴ϸĿȫ֮۵ʱҲšʵǿϴΪѰĿ꣬ɱˣ˲֮Ѹݡѡдʦԭ򣬴ΪʦƣȥȽϺ۸Եɡɱ˴ʦ֮ǿǴģΪŪһǵϣ뿪ˡ


273 ִǡ
գһ죬һҹĶ֮󣬵賿еĿ˶ǻص˷䲹һ
վڴǰźӵ֮ϽĴֻҲ¶һ˿ЦݡȻĲ²ȷġб֮ˣΪͬʱŮҲǼΪ˼ɵġ
һײһ쾳ߵˣӵһӴˣȻẦŮӱŮӱָж
ݺЩ桭
ȻҲֹ档ô˵ǸݣйһҲ͹ˣӦ¼֮ȥġ
ھĿǰ֪ڵˡҲǺѾˡԷϵĿӦѾСˡ
ȻССݵǾ˵¼͵˽ˡ
ԷٶȽҴʱ̽һĿƺСԼʵԷ˵ãָҪһ粨ˡ
ôΨһģţҲ޴ѰҰɣ
뷨΢۾ǰĺӵĵȴ

̫ԽԽߣڣԭĿҲ½½ˡ
˴ȻĽ뵽˽ĸأмʱӦþͿԵִˡ
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һŮԴԱº͵쳹ֻ˶΢һ㶣漴Ҳ¶һЦݡ
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ī˫۷ŹĿԶѾȫǰĳУ˷ܡ
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С㣬һΣǴһʱ뿪ɣ
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Ȼһ˿𾪣ֻƬ֮ѾʧӰ١
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ĿлشţȻԺ֮ģȴǷͻȻĪֵһ仰
Ǵɱˣ󵱻к֡һСġ
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˭˵Ǽ٣桭ô˭ң
ŮУһƬ󡭡

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ֻһΣʱǻһѱӰӣԾ˴⡣ֻˮ֮ϣһΪϸС˻
˻֮ݵΣѾʧ

뿪ˣȻֻȴȻǰţڣڲ֮󣬿˰ӡ
˿һЦЦֵ㼯Χ˵֮УٶȸⷱĳУƽ˼
Ůī´˴ͷ
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˵еʲôùˣôˣƫǿͿˡһˣмǮ
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ҵ벻˶ѡԣ˵ǿɱˣʵˡ
⣬ȻǷǴϣ˵ʲôҲҪΧһЩ˿һġʬ壬Ȼǲܶˡ
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νġӡʵҲǡлӡļƣϽ
ȻĶʿͬ⡰лӡĳԱֻͨ˶ѡСӳϼʵĲ㣬Ķ㵽ѡ
ǣҪͬʿһսɱǵְάе򡭡
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ֻΪ⡰лӡĶʵ̫Ӵ󣬳ڵÿһ䶼һСӣְء˵ԼʵǿᣬǵкôȴǵģģϹսɱĶʽĵ
֮УⶼʽǶϵġս޽սĵһߣһͨʿʵҲҪ߲ſԡпԱΪлӳģ඼켶ǿߣ
춼νġǧߡжռеİٷ֮ʮϣǿᣡ
ֻҪһԴˣҪȥǵǵġǼһѣ˭ͱ˭Ҫù
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274 
ԱǱǸпǳŴȥ
֮Ȼȫ˶Ѿ֪ԱǵҲûа׳յڿ´֮ǰͽеʬ̧Ƕ߹ˣȻǿ̧ˡ
ھ봬ֻʮԶİ֮һʮ˫۾ĶǴֻ
ֱԱѾӴ󷽣̧һðײŵ֮ʱһ˫ΪĬ۾΢˸һ¡
ˡ
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ߴӳĬƬ̣˵ͷȥʬߡ
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СâһӦһƣΧʱӸһԼĪңҡڵֱӳǴֻȥ
ߴӾվԭأŤͷһܣüĿ֮һĨɫһӶȻĿⶢǱԱ̧ıײ˵ʬ֮ϡı΢鶯нֳһ˿ɫ˫ȭȴ

λǡ
ϣԱ׼еʬ̧´ʱĮӣȴ˴ǰ
һԱ΢һ㶣ԷɫȻǣЩСĶɻĿڡ
׵ģСӣһۼԱ̧ŵʬ壬üͷһ壬ʵǺеʬ壿
Աһ㶣ȻЩûع
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Сߵ˸ǰײһۡǺС
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Сһ˿˵ĹŹ֮Уһʱƽ˻֣Ҳû˵̧źеʬ壬ȥʱʧȺ֮С
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ʮ꣬˫΢Щ׵ĴԶʱһôԶʬڱصá˵Ҿܾǣ
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ˣҪˣʰһ£׼Ⱦȥˣ
һ֮ͻȻת˵Ա΢һ㶣ʱ˳ʬ飬ʱԺ󡭡

ŽذϵС̯мһֱߣʱͿĽ뵽֮С
ǽĶ䷱ٳ̶ȣ֮춼춼й֮޲
ĵ·֮ϣƥˮȺ֯ﲻֵྡԶ̣֮ڵĻĿģģԵģȵģõġӦоСʵΪ
һʮˣǽ֮˳׵ģһĸߴӡ
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Ķ֮Уӣȴ̧һײס˵塭ģһʬ塭
Ǿ߳мȻȴΧ˺Ŀ⡭Ҫϸ̧ǺһǳĬ񣬲֪Ϊͷ΢һ˵ǰ
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Ӵ濴ͨȻ淽ſԷ֡һССԺ֮УȻվɫĻһƿ߽ʱгʮĿ⣬ʱǵϡ
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м䱻ײŵ֮⣬Զǹĳǰ깪
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Ļ˻֣һ˶ʱ࣬ٶԡȴǿĸߴˡ΢֮ڵǰˡʲô֣
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ûз֣΢Ȼ˵ͷĿͶǱײŵῪڵôڷǰʬǰҲˡܿʲô
˵ţֿĸߴˡ
˵ıʱȻ¶ְɫŭ⣬ĬĿǰײƬ֮һ˻ƵٶȴдڷȫƣһͫɢֻҰ֮ɫʧס
飿꣬üͷʱһ壬¶ɻ
˳ĬƬ̣ͷ˻ŵ깥ط
깥ط
һֱƽ֮ϣ״ӹһĨɫ
һ˿ɫҲֻһӱǱȥ
ȷ𣿡
꿴ꡣ
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˻ص
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ʱΧʮߵ֮ϣǺеʬ̧Ȼȥ
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275 
깥طô
ȵһ뿪֮󣬰΢̧ͷ⣬΢ૡ
Ƭ֮¶һ˿Цݣе˼
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ޣճô
νɽɽˮˮȻ۾ǵĳڣذӵģȴ󲿷ֶһЩȳ֮ķ٣˴ȻҪԵΪưһЩ
ھ뽨۲Զİߣһڴһ·ˣʱЦԷһк
Σд̫࣬ǿǲˡΪޡ¶һεЦݣŤͷص
ôȥҿ˵ӽǱߴһһġ⡮ϺüǮأ˿ѯʣȻЩĽ˵
ǰЩӸȾһЩ纮¼ûϡȥҲһ칤򡭡߲εҡͷ˵Լ
ﲡˣһ治֪ǰʱҲȾһЩ纮߶ҽʦҿһӣץ˵ҩⷽͦʹģҾͳ٣һѾˡʣҡҪȻҸ͹һ˵ﲡˣæ˵
áӲ˵Ҫҩųž͹ȥˡҲûʲôתҲմȥȥءŴ磬ǾͶлˡǶһ⻰۾ʱһ˵ĵл
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˾㶼һ㶣ˮķȥ
ֻǲʮԶĵطһӰȴͻشˮ˳߸Ծ𣬲գ۶ĹѾ˵ϡ

ʱһɴ۾ɵĿš
½ȻʢҲ˶йġϾҪУȾҪõһŹҲô׵õġǶײ˵һЩֲڵĹ˵Ҳǿɼ
ǰλǣû˿ͨˡ
ӺˣһԾ֮£׸ߣȻǶʱһˡ
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Ȼھߵʱȴֵɴ۾ֻΪϷŻˮģȻ˼ֻ֮ͻȻһŨİǰֻƬ֮󣬱ʧԷҲڴʱȫĸ
Ŀ뿪˼Щز
ֱԷ뿪ߣ˷һۣ˸еۡ
ˡӦþǴ˵еǿ˰ɣ
Ӧáǵġ

ӺԾˣ˵Ȼˡ
ݶԣʵûбҪǰʲôʵңԷҲ޷ʵ
Ȼ飬ֻҪһߣ󲿷ֶԣҲ㲻ñ¶ʲôʵ
һ·ذˣΨзڵλһЩҲ⣬Ƕ޶ѡĶ㣬ͿȷĶȷûˡ
˵̸֮Ҳȷ˾Ǻб֮˰ڴ˴ߡԣ
ѭλ˵ķݿС
Ҳǵˡڣȥ̼ҿˡ
̧ͷΧȴǰ˼š
ǹȻǱ֮춼ҪΪٵĴУӵԵ֮Ҳܸоһ˿ڴеķ֮С
ݴûǣҪ֮Ѱҵضĳ壬ȻҲһ򵥵顣
ãںʱἰ̼ǵλãֻҪҵǸطҵ̼ңҲʲô¡
ѭָķ򻺲УģҲ߳һƬΪưܵĵط

ֵıÿ
ƽĽֵֵߴĽֵ֮Уˮֳ֯һֻڴзܼľɫ
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Щ˵ʵҡˮ׼ȴҪ춼ǡ
ΪߣݼֻҪһۣܽΧ˵ʵһ˾Ųʮ
ԽԽ࣬ȻҲԽߡ
ĸĽͨŦߣǷࡣܹ½֮ߣн֮⣬ҲҪϵʵܹǿӵԱ֮
ʵϣݵߵʵҲֻԱǿ֮˰ˡ
ǱѾ⸱ģ治֪һַپˡ
аš
󻪹ȻҪһ֮صĶķٵĶࡣֻΪڴ󻪹ŵϺŵļ壬䱾ң֮ڡ
ݼҪǰʶǴ󻪹Ļʶǿ߻֮ʮߣ繷ֻҲǺΪ
佣ڵڸĶͿ󡭡ֻ佣֮еߣѾ㹻ˡĪۻ壬ԼһЩˡߣǼˡ
ʵϣߵԶûǰϡ١
ֻΪ춼ʮ֮Уֻоĩһˡ߱ͺųơǧЩ֮춼ĸ붼ˡ

ɫȻ磬Ҹطסһ֮ǰǱ̼Ұɡ
һ֮˾
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СһԷھҪϷʱϲüҡͨܽϷĿˣǮǰ¶һ㶼²ٵĺô


276 
С󣬽˺֮УʱһΪľСԺǳݵǰ
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룡
СԴݳŶȥΪµĸ¥ȥ˶¥Ǵһ䷿š
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С֣ϴżЦݣڴĿݡ
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С۾һʱ˹ȥ
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΢һһҲһϰ
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СæӹüЦлӴͣСȥšЪϢһɡ
ݻ˻֣Сǻϲ˳ȥȴǿġչȻײһˣ˰ɣµĹǮ
·С¶ҲǼΪƬ֮һƲѾݵķ֮С
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ֻһŵƣԶԶﲻΪ̵Ĵڡκʱл͵Ϯ˵ġĿһ˻áϡɾͲ˵ˡ
ݵ̵һĹǼǿȻȴǼ֮һ쾳ڵߣҲδжٵƿԡ
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ңĿǰһƣǴﵽ⶯֮ͿĵزҲֻڴ쾳Ч쾳ߣͲһˡ
ʱУҲһЩһʼһȫɹڼܹٷ֮ٵǰʮεıƵһʼʹһĺķѽʮϢĹ򣬵ڽ뵽ʮϢڡҲ̫
ٶȣȷ
֪һ깥طĺķʱոһյУлСɡµʱ䣬ܹаٷ֮ʮϵĳɹǰʮαƵļʣѾǼ츳ˡ
Ȼڶ̶̼µʱȳɾͣѾǼΪס˵Ѿ൱Ĵڡ
ȴ֪˶ֻΪĵԴּùġơĸʵʵΨдԶѣ
ʣӵеǴ쾳ϵΪẦǺ
Ҫ֪Ȼ٣ȻܹӴ쾳ģȴҲࡣ㣬춼ͳ춼ڷϾͿԿ
쾳ߣĳ̶ֳȶԣѾһˣӵд쾳ΪոûбҪ롭
˵ĺǡݱ桱»˭ͷϣо
һͷβԴַΪ磬ԣֻȭͷӲܹ
ܱͬҲֱӡʵ
뵽֮Ȼӹһ˿㡣漴һ˫뵽˵֮СɫĹâת

һҹ޻峿ıѾ߳˷䡣
ˬݵҲǲԸ泩
˷䣬߳šͿյСѾһ򣬺ſˡ
һûһš
߳Сʱ۾һͣ˽̸첽ӭ
ӣѾˡ
СµҲݿһۣҲΪ⡣׳һС۾һæ˹ȥĵ죬ǴݴõСѣֵϵĹǮˡ
ȻҲǰһĻУ۾Ҳ΢֪һûˣҲüΪ
ӣҪȥĶ

ҿ˿⳵㲻ݻҲ㲻üª֪Ұ޵ëƤΪ̾ᣬ棬Ƿ
֡
Ӧһޣһķ֮Уƽȵƶ

ǵ򡣶֮ڳǶҪᴩǡ
һ·ȥ͸ĿԶǿĽֵӵȺһ뷱ٵζ
ٶȲ죬ͬҲߣΪֵΪȻУȴҲòżΪ䣬Ѿ˴С

졣
ȻһЩٶȣŤͷѯʣӣѾˡҪȥĶ
ڱĿ˫Ŵ⿴һۣ΢Ѿô
˶֮ʵ֪⛸̼ҵĸۡںδ
մǱ̼ҲЩļ壬⳵ÿնĴ˵Ҳһ
̼ңǳԵһ£漴ЩεͷӣʵڱǸԴСʵڲˡ
ü֮󣬵˵ͷ޷Ǿͣ°ɡ
֡
Ӧһ˼ǿ·ߣͣ
ãݱ
Ȼһ̧ͷ¿˹ȥ


277 ΢ȥ
˵ǳʵȴǼΪ򡭡ȳǶ˴ȻҪΪ١ֽҪȳǶĸΪߴҲԸ࡭
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278 ̼
ݵкǴ󺺻عͷɻ椹ͷߵſڵݡ
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ⰻȻһЩԵĻݵ׺ܣԵ÷ġ
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Ժԣ˵ڻûġԺ󡣸Ī׸޼ҵڸᲢˡȻ֪Ϊʲôǰ΢Щ߲ţЩͶ羡ȥʯʨȴõͷȻ˼׽ĸо
ָоĪ
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˵꣬ΪĿݼۡ
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жû̼ҵĸۡȽġԺҲЩ㡣
ȻԺȴΪţɫ鲼˵ͷҲΪ֮һ塣
һĺԺԺ֮⣬棬Ǿסķӡ
ֻһЩ긾ӣŸԵĹǴɨ޼ľԵüΪС
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Ůкһǵеһ˹ȥ
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һѹסֹŹֵĸоݣ˴á
ȻողݵĿ΢һ㶣ȻһĶǰһλãŲͣ
һżΪصˣŮ֮վΣԴɻĿ⣬ŮͶ˹ȥ
Ȼϵı֮ʱȴ΢һ㶣¶˼ɻ󡭡


279 £Ե
۾Ķ֮ϵһλãã΢΢۾³һ
λӡС϶ݰ֪С϶λ֮ˡС϶׾ȴǿ
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ݣĿˣ˸żӵȴû֪ʲô
ڣ֮У壬һߡ
ѩ̡
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ŮæӦһСĵķȥֿ֮һ۴ӽ֮һֱΪĬİˡŮȴһ˿ãȻ漴ȴһܳ˴á
ȻŮ뿪֮еķΧȴǱЩ
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ݿݺˣУҲŴδйĸ
Ĭš
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գ˴˴ڵĳĬաĵĿݡ

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ꡭΪʲô
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֮ĸѩ̣˵ĴŮȻڴСಡʶҲΪϧŮ
ڵڶ֮µʱ˼ڵһʱ䣬Ѿ뵽ԼŮ֮£޼ܵʲôǣ붼û룬Ҳûпκֱӱǰ춼ĿģǿܲܽʱѾ˵ıѩ̽ӻر̼ҡ
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ʵϣݣҪ޼ҵʱȴǱ޼ҵĻ⣬Ҳ޷룡
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̼һ̼壬ڽ֮УҲǶļ֮һȻΪĹϵ¼֮һЩĵˣʱǽɷ磬Ա̼ǰٰѹ̼µĲҵһһʳ
̼Ҵ޵УԶǱݰһִƴԱݰʱڼִֵĻ治һᵽ֮󲻿ɿƵĳ̶ȡ
ȻϧΪŮԶ춼ڣ
оƶʱʧأ̼һһ㱻ǿйϷ֡ȵݰӣҲǱѩ̵ֳƿ̲סܵ춼ݰӲؽʱ򣬴ȥǱݰҲǻ췦
ʵϣҲǱ̼Ѹ˥Եɡ̼ڵĵطڵʵֻǱ̼ҵһԺѡΪҵǿеĴѹ̼ҸծۣѸƲ󲿷ֵĸۡǱãΨһµģҲֻ⸮ۡˡ
ݰȻǵŮΣ⽨֮УͬҲҪˡݰǿеֻʲô취
ص֮һ࣬ѩϢ˱̼ҡ򲡶ʱѩȷʱ䣬Ѿǹȥ˴꣡
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ݰޣһҹ֮䣬뷢ȫס
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Ȼʲô취ǰ޼ңҲȥԼһȥǽļָô죿
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ʮʱݰһŮѩ̡ʵϣͷ̼꣬ⷽȶ֮ǰ춼ҪһۡһεĿģȻҪݽߡ
ϧȻδԸڣݵ涼δ
ģݰȥ


280 ƿ
꣬ȻҲżжţ˹춼֮˵⴫ŴǵʱѾǼΪ˵İ汾ֻ˵޼Ҷѣȴδἰ顭ǰľ飬ݰθ޼׼ҵԾӣԣҲһֱδǰ춼
ʵϣݰԱѩ̵һֱͻһΡΪ׵ãŻõŮһ硱
⣬ҲǷԵĸλ޼һ֮󣬼ݺԵɡ

һͨ˵ݰɫȻݺᣬĻ΢š
ǰ׷ԲԵˣ˵һѪ£΢΢вģݣҲΪ֮ݡ
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˴ʱ˱ݰƿ̼ҽе֮еλԼǰֿˮݱģʱҲɵ΢΢
֪ΪʲôȻ̼֮˲ǵһμ棬ȴܴиоһݾΥ顭
̹ȻܸĸһůȻ޼ҵȴ޷ᵽּͥһܰϡ
̼ҵ֮޼ࡣȻһ̼ңݣȴᵽּͥķΧͥгԱĸ鶼ֿŮãӣޡȻ˴ķޣͬҲû˴ĹĶǡ
˼򵥣ƽʵȴΪܰ
ԣһ⹫һ˸һĸȴǽеķġû˿ıŤ·𱾸һ㡣
긾ݵĺ¶º͵Цݣݵж˼ϧǿɶ֪ǰȥЩĬ꣬СĸѾ˫˵ġڵʱ֮£޼ܵĴҲͿ֪ˡ
硭
ָָλߴ׳˶ܵ
׵Ľܣȴ΢Щ󣬳¶һЦݣȴͷ
硭ݵͷһ
ɫ΢΢һ죬ͷ¶һЦݵ˵ͷȥΪֻ¶ȴܸоĵԷֻǲƱѣӦҲѾԼݡ


281 ǿ
ãӱӱб硣
ָָһʼݽŵŮ
ꡰͬǣŮӱ˽ܣʱһ죬һ˫۾ĿݣȻЩ޷ܷŻİ꣬һתۼȻͱԼĸʵ
ʶĬţһȴǺڡ
ӱ˵˰ûӱڣŤͷüͷһ塣ЩˣŮθоڣȴҲòͣĺһ硭
ݼŮСŮ̬ȴҲǲΪƣЦŵ˵ͷ
ˣƿԸȥһϯΪף˵ݰ΢˶٣Ťͷ֮һλ
ѩ̵ĶӣƽĻع顭
ƿ˵ͷת뿪˴á
Դˣݱ뵽˱̼ҡ
ʱ䣬ݰݵ֣ʼ˼ҳ̵ѯʡѯЩݵ״
ȻѾ˱̼ңȻԸ⿴ǰȺ͵ĳܵʲô̼һ鶼Ǳϲǣǵıݰϻ󳩣ķЦ
ĸԵΪ˸ϴҪ³ϼСˣʶڱƿ뿪֮󲻾ãҲ뿪˴á
ǱȴһΪꡣȻҲ¶ĵɫһֱֻº͵Цţû˵ϼ仰
Ůӱһ˫۾ĿԼոնĸ磬Ҳǲδ˵
ʱ䣬˹ȥ
ȫһͣϯϣѾƽʮصıݰҲСڡڱƿǺһһֱͣЦţҲ˳ȵʡµʱϡŵġѩ̡áԼ֮ᷢĺǺɵЦ
֮ĸ֮ֻĪڴˡ
֮Ѿ죬һƬۡ
̼ʣūͣŮԼһܼҡЩڱ̼֮Ȼˡ궼ѾꡭȻΪūŮʵ̼Ҳûʲôˡ
һСŮӱеĳΪ̡Ůʰһ䷿䡣ԥһ֮󣬱ҲͷӦ
춼ʱݵĴ㣬ֻǿһ̼ҵ״ûбҪĻһ۱Ҫ뿪
Ȼ̼ͨ˵ĽӴ֮ȴǷ֣ԼЩϲ鼫ΪһˡȻǻǺ죬Ȼ׵ĲǷԷθĶԼĹ۰ָо޼Ըܵġ
Ȼ۵Ϊ֮ʣڲϧ³϶ҲνġȻ۱Ͼôһ峤ƽܻǺʱߵġ
ڱ̼ңͬССеʵУȴ·ܴݡߣıȽϸԣ
֪ݺָо
סϼɡ͵Ǵĸףǰɡ
뵽ϯ֮ϱݰƿ˲֪µᣬȫԿ϶ѩڱ̼֮УӦǼΪҸİɣһ۰ĸףһ۰ĸ硭ʲôҸأ
뵽򲡶ʣ֮ʮضֻ޼Һ󷽵Сɽ֮ϡ¹µֻһԲһ¹ڣһ֣
дķ⣬СȴҲС顭ȻʲôҪǿʵܣΪ֧š
аľԼ
ʣݰӵ޼Ҳòӵѩһֽ𣿻ΪЧϸֳһԵİο⿪ĽᣬӶͦһεʱҲһ
޼ӵ㹻ǿʵͬµڻ߶һ㡭ңθ׵޼ңô֮ɣѩȻԼݴС¿һϵкᷢ
һͷβԴַΪΨһ硣ӵǿȻô˵СûСԼˣԼҪļ򵥵Ҳ
ݳ³һа˾
ҪǿһΪԼһ棬ҲΪЩԼǡˣŲڵΪԼʵ
̧ͷɫʱ䣬һһεŶȥ

գһ졣
ݹһڵһ̫ոսʱ˫һҹС
ӦһԼʵݵȴǶʱ΢һ¶˼Ц⡭̼֮ϵĹ֮У̫ĸ̾󣬶һµֻľ˲١
ľϵʱǷӳ֮
һУȻֹܿƽЧ
Ȼ쾳۷壬δͻƵסţȥһҪͻƵġ
վӻһΣȴ³һƿ˷ţ˳ȥ
ɫѾȻҫͥԺ֮ˡ
ţ
еͻɫһ۾ͥԺһǷ˹ȥ
ֻͥԺһǣӱãȴһϮװ趯ʲô
趯ģǱʹģһֻڿյ֮תŲƣХ趯ɷ档
ȻһԵıӱС֮Ҳͬ¶˼ΪרעɫŸ趯ϣͬһ
ոռ̼ҵˣݱѾ̼˵ʵߡڣ˵͡
ݰҲҪᣬһûаʵͨ˰ˡ̼ʵǿߣҲݵľ˸ƿˡ
ʵǿߣʵΪҲֻǺĲڰˡ
ĸݰһû˿ʵͨˡ
˵ӱöˡҲǿǱʵӦǵڡӱ򲻹ڶڰˡ
ò˵޼Ҽ˵֮ͬˣټ̼ãʵڸоЩŤ࣬ʵ̫Щ
յ̸֮УҲѾסʵ̼ңǱݰƴġ⣬ĲǱǶ̻񡭡
Ϊһͷβ̴ҵĵһˣ̼ȻǲӵмΪĹΪܶʱҪõĹĲǲԼԼʵ
ԣͨԣһĳͣҪܳʱȥĥȥƴĳɳ
Ǳ̼ҵʷҲʮʱ䡣ңеķչʱΣǰʮꡭںʮ꣬ǰʮһѪֻһ̼ңûʱȥɳ
ʵϣڱ̼һٷչŵʱ򣬱ݰѾֿʼ¼һЩؼȻͻȻûļЩؼŵһȫĵطڵǿеΧ֮£ϴһա
ԣ̼ҸûʲôǿصԴңʵϾ̼еĵҲǺķ˺ܴľƸǿŪϵġ
ˣҲͿΪα̼˵ʵԵˡ


282 ̼
Ѿ켶ߣ֮꣬ǳ˿⣿
£ӱڼΪרעŵĹпʵǡֲ̫ˣ
Ȼֻ·Ļ⵶ľ߹ԵġתŲ֮䣬ӰȥʵԵ
ȻǳԵı棿
ݵ֪֮£칦ķյΪҪ裬ȫ͸İĸǰΪҪǡ۴һ˵⵶ֻáֲڡݣ
˵пӰȣǸͨ޼ҵеĸ似ǲ˲ֹһ
̼ңеľֹ
ԭسĬվƬ̣Ŀ⿴űӱöˡ񣬱Ѿ׵һˣȴֵ˱ӱ
ӱҲǿʼ˷űظĶ
ʵ⵶Ҳͨ͸Կȥ⵶Ƕ˼ֹŹ֮С
ݲɵҡҡͷϾȻ̲סһ˿Цݡ
â΢һ֮һǱ˹ȥ

ݳǱнȻȫעŵıӱãȴûз
棬ӱͬҲ桭˱鿴ȥǼΪרע֮ŵģ޼ҡ֮޼Һ϶ķܽ㡭
һ㣬ȴ΢΢˵ͷӴö˵ı֮УͲѿж֮顣ȴǳ似ȻܴҵеȤ
⣬Ҫģ
ȤԶõʦݵ֮·Ҳ뵱ճʱڹĺȤÿ޲꡵УͬҲȤϢϢء
ֻеһܹȫĵͶ뵽һȥȡĿĳɾ͡ⱾְҵģͬС
ݰߵǲԶĵطͣûдϱӱС
ݵʵֱվ˵ֻҪ룬Ҳ˶ĵ
ڣ⽥ֹͣӱУҲˡ
Сɵı֮Ϲ˼Өĺ飬΢Щ٣۵СҲ͸¶ֺɫôʱıӱһ֮ĻԵöˡ
֮ͣȴǵһ۾ͿԼĸ磬кżΣգһ´۾ʵ磬нɣ
һȴ޵ı飬֮ͦ¶˼ֿЦݣ˵ͷȴû˵
磬˵ǲн
еĿûг֣ӱʱĹС죬
ʧЦȻεĵ˵ͷţн
Ҿ֪ӱʱüЦ۾г״ȻǺְ˵ţ⡣
һԵݿӱǵСģ΢һ㶣漴Ҳ¶һЦ⡭
ӱģҲ¶Цݣ¶ֳɫ
֪ΪʲôǷӲ⵶ؼǿ
ӱֻǵһССǿʴԴС졣
УǼѡﲻΪΪɡȥһܴﵽġ
˱ӱĻЦ˵
仰ȴ۾һٿı飬ȴԵΪƽֻƽ֮Уȴǿһŵĸ㣡
һԣݱǿԿľΪǲ͡
ľ뾭йءѾǶʮˣҲ˵̼ͻ֮ʱѾʼ£Ƕα̼Ϊ¡ѣΪĥ־
ţ˱ϳɣᶨƢԵİɣаš
ӱöˣ໥˼䡭ȻǱӱੲݵ˵ţֻǴſЦݣżӦϼѡ
ֻǣСϸϣͲѿö˵ĸ֮񡭡
˼䣬Ҳ֪Լʱˡ
£һ
ӱ˵˾ڲԶĿͬ˶ıһͬתͷǿ߲Զݡ
ӱʱһ£գһ۾
һ֮Ƕ¶һЦݣȻЩЦʵСݡˣҹ˯Ŀɺã
硣
硱ƺʵڸеΪϰߣԸɴͽС硱ˡЦص˯ĺܺá
¶Цݣ˵ͷԴǵǲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ӴȻ࣬ȴҲԸҲΪǿһԵıӱ
ӱȻҲգŴ۾ƺһ硱ЩԳڵӡ
һԵı飬æ˵ӱб硣
ӱ΢һ˿΢üͷҲЩΣֻõͷǺĺһ硭
ձƿźݱģһޡ
⸱飬ݲݸһЦЦŵ˵ͷ
ݵǣһԷǱ飬֪Է顭
ҲǣԼԼͻȻһİˣҪԼڿ硱λ˼ŮҲвڵġ
ϾŮ˵˼ܻЩġ
ˣһֵܳܣΪ֪ǹһ˺ŮˣԴﵽ̶ֳȵġ
νһ顭֮£æǿԡҪȥȴǲ̫ܵġ
в֪յŮӡԼŮкøС˵˾ȥʲô£Ҳ롭Ҳǵ뿪ԵɡһԭȻΪ˽֮ŮӻᰲȫһҪԭǡݲΪΪֵûԼȥ٣ȷϵнһĽӴ֡һ顱İ֮ǰǲܵġ
Ȼ˴ݱùϵϣЩ̫ǡġҲԿŮ˵˼飬ܻźܴġ
ҲǱܺϤĸԼкԼҲЦŻӱȴֻһԲ˵һ硱ҲԵ÷ΪѵԵɡ

δڶԷĳƺϹƽϣȴһЦ˵磬ĺ簡
ǺǣôЩ꣬Ѿϰˡ
ͷһЦݱϾ̫ϤȻѾ϶˶Էݣ֮ʱ򣬱Ͳ˹ͨǸеЩšŵֱӱ֣ǻʶԴ
ҷź񿴵ӱûɣ
֪ʵʵ
һԵıӱһ̸Լʱ΢΢һ㶡Ȼ漴ȴͻһתͻȻڵݱ硭춼޼ҵ˰ɣ
΢΢һ£漴ȤĿűӱ˵ͷЦǰӱʲôָʾ
ѧűӱĳƺʽ
ӱС΢΢һ죬漴ȴ۾ҵ˵춼޼Ѿ춼ңλ൱ڽ֮еīңҵĴ壬ڻҪһЩ԰ɣ


283 
üЦŵ˵ͷǰôˣ
ӱ۾޼ҡһĹ˰ɣ
ʱһ漴ͷЦ˳߹Ϊ˸̼ôѹġǵܸ׵ñ̼ýܣѡ͵ֶΡ񵹺ãԼûᣬӱѾˡ
ҲãʡԼһЩ鷳ˡ
ţݵ˵ͷЦ˵ǰô
дһ°ɣ
Ȼӱһ仰ȴֱɵۡ
ΪӱʵôҪԼһЩĹ⵱ȻҲȻġԼΪ磬һСҲӦġ
Ȼʵû뵽ǡԷȻôһҪһʱɴ۾Щ֪ηӦ
űӱһԾԾԵı飬ݼֱЩЦá
һڵŮҪ˾조쾳۷塱սд裿

ݿЦá
뷨ҲΪӽֻǴñԼдһ£ʵ˵ȻԼ˵ҪһЩҲȽ׽ܡԼҲԵ̫ʢˡ
û뵽
ҡͷʧЦ
ӱ֡
һԵıõ˵Ҳһæ˵
ӱͬ޼ҵҪΪһЩ޼ҵĵӣʮʹﵽ㣬ڵĶڡȻ͸ǰܵʵʵ˵ʲôеİɣ
òڡߵʵҲ̫˰ɣ
ʲôϵİɣҲ˵ݱġ
ӱĶһЦ˵Ǳ飬ǶԼġ
ԣǿЦá
֣
ݿЦãҲǿЦãѵ˱ӱһ֮εĿݵ˼СݣᡭӱֻǴ˽֣Щ֪ߵغ񡭡
ʲô˼ҺģһԵıӱԶʱ
˵ӱҲǺΪġݰƿ˶ǼΪС󼸺ûܹʲôί̼Ǵһֺƽȵ״̬¡㲻ʲôҲΪһͶաǴϣСﲻǵľ棬Ϊƽ
ּΪƽȫĻ³ıӱȻᰮ赶ŪǹΪûʲôص䣬ϺʲôҪõĶ֣ȻѾʱ䣬ս黹Ϊ㡣ߵĲΣҲǺһΪԼǼΪġ
һԼ̨ȻǷⲻˬˡ
΢ת˶ƣͻȻЦ˵д谡ҲǲԣֻҪģҲҾ͸д衣
ıӱһ۾ʱһãһΪ˵ɣҪʲôڵĵ׵һնһڴϸСأ
ӱ˵
һԵı΢һݲȷĵСݡ㲻Ҫӱдɣ˵ţ¶ֵĵɫ
ӱд裬Ϊ֪ۣд֮ˡݾȻӦ˱ӱĵ⡭
ݿοһЦİɡӱҲҵء
΢һ㶣֮Ҳֻܵ˵ͷ黹Щǵӡ
ҲЦſ˱ӱӱãǱǿʯͷô
һָָǰ֮ʯͷ
ӱüͷʱһ¶˷ܣ૵ҪնʯͷôҵǴûԹãһԣܲնʯͷ
˵ţԾԾ
ȴһЦҲ˵Ŷ
ӱæ˵ͷ
ֻݶʱ΢һֻ̧֣һɫ⻪ļȻֻһӶȻ󣬴ָ֮䣬Ȼ
䣡
ţһƵȴȻȻ̺ȴҲ΢һ¡
ıӱδعʶŤͷȥȻ漴֮ԾԾԵı飬һ˲֮󣬶ʱ̣һ˫۾ۿ
׿ǿʯͷѲڣǣһƬʯ
ӱŴ˿ɰС죬Լ۾
󣬱ͬ¶ɫĿǰһĻ
ݿô͵ı飬û˵ȴǿЦѡԼôǲʵЩ̫Ȥζˣߣߵĸǰ¶һ˿ʵȻ¶֮ɫ˾ȵǡΪߵͷȻȻٸУ
ľΪȻ̫˰ҡҡͷпѡ
̼óţǰһĻȫǵ
ǲֻǵڶ㣬߶ѡƽӴǿߣҲǸױƿѡȻҲŹഫţʵǿ׵һЩʲôȻűϾǴţǵȦ֮У飬Ҳֹ봫˵ѡ
Ȼǰǿʲô
һ֣âţλ׿ʯͷҽУһƬôģ
˶ǵɴ۾֮󣬲Żعֱ㶵Ŀݡ
˵ı飬ͷ΢Цȴ֪Լɹˡ
գһ۾ЦӱãֵŶҪҾд衣
ӱĴ۾ʱɴͣߵ֪˰ɣᣡ
˵ţͷݣȻˡ
һԵı⸱ȴ¶˼εɫԼŻд衭¿ܸû
ʵĺǿУĽİš
Цűӱͷı飬ȴĽΪĿɰá϶ˡ
ӱáͻȻῪڻ
ӱŤͷݡ
չգڣ㣬ѧֱ𣿡
һ仰˸֣ȴñӱıʱһ㶣̬ϡǰºЦԼкŴӸ͸׵жֳܿ磬һ˲䣬ݶ֣ı硱ȡ

ңҿôݵĴ֮󣬱ӱȴ˷ȻȴЩ̫ŵ׷ʡЩ
һĻֱѾⷶ롣˵ԷͻȻҪԼֱ죬ʶΪԼЩ
ȻⲢһһϦͿġֻҪȥҿԱ֤һǿֻʡܼȥô
Цѯʡ
ܣ⣬ӱʱ۾ı֤
꿪ʼĽӴѧ֮ͱѧżͥԺ֮赶ŪǹΪܵʱ
֮ʼķȻЧһֱǳ΢һֱ˹죬ѾʮˡȻУȴδйһļϣ㣬ͿԿˡ
ԣ˵ֵʱԥͻش
ΪȤܼȥôһֲܼȥ
ݻ֮ʯ飬ᣬ̬Щڱӱ˵νǱɱ


284 ɿ
΢Цĵ˵ͷһҲ¶˼ֿı
磬֪ڸоЩ˼ڡĸ㸸׵ãһˡʱϣܸһЩʱҲĵİһ
ͻȻϵĶԱ˵
жʱ˸Ŀݡ
ûԡҪʱΪԷı磬ҲԹ۵ġ
¶мɫһȻȴЩĵ˵Ͼ޼ҵĺˡ޼ҵĹû𣿡
ϾȱӱҪĶ࣬Ҳ״ҶڹĿءݵΪԼ鷳
ҲΪв޼ҵĵλĪ˵ֻǺ칦칦˵Ҫˣ޼£Ҳκһ˵һ֣
ݣͬ峤޼ҵĳϡ
ΪҪǡ޼Ϊĳϣ޼ҽǧΪĴڣȻһ޼ҶԣӵеȨڻҪۣ
ԣһЦգһ۾Ҷ˵˭֪Ҵģ
һ㶣漴¶Цݡ

ݿʼ˶Ա̼õĴƻ
ҪڹȻҪȷǱԡһ˵¡߶̽˵ԣοߣ
ݵʶֻǵһɨѾȻء
ӱ𡣶
޼ҵйʥ֮еʱ򣬾Ѿһһ顭ʱԭΪݱȽϺй֮䣬ʲôΪʲô׾ǻԹϫȴˮԹˣͬתΪֳ֮ķʽȴĲͬѲں칦֮УͬҲ̺ˡط򡱵֮У֪ʲôδ֪ġط򡱣
֮ˡԭ̽ԣǡ塱ԣԣ
ôǱ˵𡭡Ϊ׽УΪ׵ĽӴ֮ڡ𡱵ķ֮Ҳ͸ΪջԵĹ
ˮǱ˵ˮˮķ֮Ϊ׽ҲΪա
ơ
һЩӵжԵˣ˵֮ҪһЩѡ
Ȼԣԡʵϡ塱ԣȴһµġȫ
νġС˵ľôһ
ͬĹеͬյõҲͲ֮ͬиĹܹЩĴȣʹǸΪաҲдǳĹתĲλԵɣʹõϡ٣ҾȲߣձȽϼѡ⣬ҲǺ칦֮еľƷֲصĲ𡭡
Щڵʱйؼ֮óĽۡ
ܵóֽҲݽЩйһ졭ݵļ䣬ҪõˣǴȡѡ
ֻ˲һʱʱ䣬һƪ׾ȫƪԼһȫƪд͵˱ӱõϡ
õһкķ֮УҲƶĹӱ˶Ǽ˷ܲѡ
⹦ģɲֻǾٶȸѡҪ֪⹦ел֮ģ
֮߶ľ磡ǱӱֲµŮҲѡˡ
ƽĶۣҲòϡ֮Ⱥ֮ʵ̫ˡĲ˵ܶһ¶ԡ㹻˶ˣ
ܶһꡭ⼸൱һ
ң⻹ֻǵһĳ̶ȡﵽ֮󣬱ʸȥ׷̤ţ¹յءһκһĶѣ֮

ķˣȴǹڹ⡣
Ժ֮йڹ֪ⷽʶȴΪޡȻ룬ȴǷ÷·𶼶ԵжӡȻˡ
ǣڵڶյʱݽпӰ¼һݡͬʱ
ź似֮⣬Ķֻˮ߲еĹݱҲûǿˡ
Ȼڱ̼˵ټϸķȴҲˡ
Źؼ˱һϰʲôĵطͿߵݣָ칦Чˡ
ǣʵʼ˷ɿ

ǰǱȽ׵ģݵֻһյĹ򣬱ͻƵ˵һ㡣ڶҲǽͻơȻǵ㣬Ĳ㣬㡭ֻµʱͻƵ˵㣬ʿ
ȻӱʣʵϿǼѡǸݵͬǴСѾʼˣֻΪֲ̫ڣŵǵʵֹµΡ
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⹦յ֮ͨЩҪǿ̫ˡ֮õʵԶֹ˶ѡֻҪһʱȥĽ֮ȫնѡ
ӱڵһ֮ҲɹĴӵڶڣ˵ڡ
˶Ǿϲ˼£ȻҲͱӵˡ
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ñƿ쳣һ׷֪ԭݵԵʡ
ݼȻѾӱ׼ķǱƿֻ֪ôƿ˵ʶȵԼ뿪ʱֱ±ҲͰˡƿȻѾ֣˳ۣƿʺġľ
ĽӴѾ̼ҵҲףȻҲϣǿ
ƿҲǿʵ˵ζʲôԥһ֮󣬱ҲûٹƳ٣
Դˣ̼ǣʼһĽ׶Ρ
֪иҲֻмĹѡֲڵĹȻһЩɢҲǼ޵ġȵͷչȥָ֮ٶȣͻŻȥһƽȵĽ׶Ρ
ϧƿʵ̫һЩиڣ϶ԿɷչѾԶԶӱˡ

ʱ䣬֮£˰˾졭
Ȼ̼Ҽ˵ٶȣҲǽһƽȵĽ׶Ρ
ʱƿʵﵽ˵ڣ֮ǰһס
ӱﵽ˵Ĳڣ֮ǰҲף
Ǳﵽ˵ڣ
Ҳǰ𾪡ʣֱһĺãǱ̼ĵһˡ
Դˣ̼˶Ƕݳ˸м֮顭̬ȣҲԽӵĺͰ


285 īĴ֮
㣬Ѿڱ̼Ҵʮ졣
һգһ죬̫ůĹգǳȻһЩů⡣
ˢˢ
ҵƷ֮ˢˢ𣬽ţһźɫӰ˸ڱ̼ҿյ֮趯šΪĵХݡ
ŹӰ趯Ƭ֮ļȻһ˺Ѱ𣬻һ磬գҲɢ˿ԶͣЪ
ӱ󣬺΢٣Ȼһ˫۾ȴŨŨϲɫ˷ܣ۾ĿԼеĳһ֮Ťͷһغ磬ݱ硭ôнɣ
һ֮࣬ڵأ֮ЦĿųлϲıӱԷЦݸʢ
Цŵ˵ͷš
һЦн
˵ĻӱǻϲȸԾѣгǰ֡
ӱСͶжӣǰûкõĹеԵ֡˺õĹÿһյĽԼϲѡʮ㡣ʮʱʱʱ̶̿ǵ㲻յ֮ϱȱȻٲȻһŮСյģ
ӵڶڣ̶ʮʱ˵ĲڡײֹЧǼΪܵġȻȻһƽȵ״̬ӱԼȴܸоԼʵġ
ݿűӱϲģҲǲ΢пʵ̼˵츳ȷΪԾǱǱӱ˶ӵмǿ츳ŵ˵޼ңܸǵģҲࡣ
ҲûʲôĹɹУĳɾֻͣԶֹˡ
аţӹܣȴһ
̶ʮĹѾȫ뵽˱̼֮СÿӱһͬеԵüΪж⣬ܣһֱȥƺҲӡ
ϧȴò뿪ˡӹȻ⣬ȴҵ׷ҵĿ꣬۷壬һֱʱ⣿գ뿪ɡ
˸âһ
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ͬʱŤͷȥӱգһ´۾ʵộ
ӱеġ̡ڵ롰̡ͬһʱڽ̼ҵģ봺ǾʶǹϵΪĽáԴͬСѩԶ춼ȥ֮֮ûϵ
Ա̼ҼΪҳϣڱ̼ѵʱūͶѡ뿪Ψ⣬ҲǱӱΪ̡ʮǵԭ
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ˣ¶һεЦݣ˱ǳŴ֮ȥ

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үү
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ƿһ⻰ʱҡͷЦѡԼӰһףһξȻΪжôҪ顭ɼԼĹջȷ̫˰
뵽֮࣬ƿЩЦԼֺγǣͣʵǡľż죿Ѿͻȥ⹦ȻǶ⹦ջҲˡ
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īҿɲʲôĵطҽ߻ӣϱӱѾͷָǳʲô¶ǲа
ħ棿˭
һԵ˸һͷˮ̲סѯ˳
ƿһ㶣Ǵ춼ģʶԽ˿Щ̫ˡ
Ȼ׼˵һԵıӱȴѾ۾һĽӿ˹ȥЦ˵ݱҲ֪ôٺ٣Ҹɡ
΢һ£СѾͷıļΪ΢һǳüüͷ¶һСɶɰ۵īңǽĴ֮һī棬ָľīҵļ桮īİءˡīڰǰͻȻչļ壬ĬĬڶ̶԰ʱѸԼգչ׳Ϊһ塣Ĵ֮һȻС֮סļ󡣼ʵΪǿᣬ漰Ĳҵ
ӱҡͷԵ渵ȴһ㶡漴ȴǺЦѣԽöԷĿɰ
ȻⷬǳӱѾͷԼԴӡǲ֪ʲôط˵ȻԼӲİɣ
ƿҲΪЩεĿűӱҲǱͻȻһһˡ
桭桭ףīҵǶģ磿
ӱ˵ţ˵īڶҵʱȴһ¡һΣûмǺá


286 ǰ
εҡҡͷûӱǳͷӱܵīңǽĴ֮һ죬īһʮٵӡ̼ҵõһԽҪȥٵġ
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һԵıƿԹɫݵı飬֪룬֮ͦϣʱ΢ֳһ˿ɫ·֮΢΢죬Ȼ˶֮ȴ̾һڵĻ˻ȥŤͷű˵ˣʱҲˡﵽīҲҪʱ䣬׼һ£ͳɡ
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ҲҪȥҲҪȥӱڴʱͻȻ˷ܵģīҡ˵𣬵ûȥĶءһùȥ棬ݱ磬һȥɣӱ˵ţڴĿݡ
֣ȥ£ֲȥˣȥʲôһԵıƿʱüͷѵ
ʲôǸ˺ôΪʲôҾͲȥܲܣҲҪȥ
Ȼһαƿü·𲢲ʹӱ죬ȫȻܡ
㣡ƿ۾ʱһɡ
ӱһʱһСͷȻȴǲϽ˱ݰߣűݰĸ첲ҡүүҲȥҲȥõȥɡ
Ѿͷ֪Ǳ˵ͨԴүүѹԼĸˡ
ƿ۾һ֣ӱһȻɴ಻һҡűݰֱۡ
ݰЦţȴǿЦŶ߱ӱһһֻεĳƿˣȥɡҲôˣҲȥˡ
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ݰҡҡͷЦСݣҪûʲô£Ҳǹȥɣ޼춼ѾʵĵһҡīңڽҲñ޼϶١ȥڸ˵˭һЩȥɣ
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һ漴οЦҡҡͷֻÿи˼
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ϾҲֻһŮѣȻȴҲҹ뿪ǰ
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һΣݰȴ֪Ϊ£öԷ˼СԱӱ˵Ȼһ¶ˡ

īҸۡڣڳǶĽȥҪһʱء
ϵĿռΪݵҲ˿ƻӵƿӣľɫ¶һЦݣڽܵ
΢ü漴΢Цŵ˵ͷ
һ㣬Ȼ²⡣޼ҵڸҲڽġ
֪ڸڽڳеҪõĶˡ
һռ㹻󡣽ȳ֮УҪһĵ̣ҪһĹáҪĵԽķҲԽߡϾУǶ𱣻ģ޻ʲôΣѷʱ򣬶Ƕ˸ҪܣȻҪǮġ
Ȼڽûһ˵
ȻٽȻȴڳ֮⣬ͨĻĽҰҲûжٵ𡭡ڴ󻪹ͨҰأֻҪǴ󻪹ǿʹõġ˵ҪҰ֮һӡôû˻ܹ˵ȡһѻֶķá
ڶ㹻ء
֮УࡣѰһҲҵһ룬ȾΪϡҪĹ򣬷֮ܽƿ
һûһ֮ߺҪϢ֮飿еĵط˭ܰģ֮£ȻǽİһЩ
ֻ㣬Ѿ㹻Ĵ壬ὫڸŪڳеĵġϾеģһǶӵص򡭡˭ԸԼһһһֱ˵ļֱ֮£ֱ޷һֲֿ顭
ҡҡͷ뵽֮󣬱ûٹȥ롭īʲôطûжٵĹϵһΣֻǸűѡ


287 һ
ԛĴСУţȻӶٳȥִܵﶫ
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һ·ȥˮĽֵķݣӵ˳޲Ŵ˴ĸ뷱١Щ֮УоУĿ¶âȻһʵ֮Ũǿɼһߡ
ʻٶȲ죬Ȼ·;ȴҲƲԶӱò׳һΣô͵ִĿĵأʶר̶ǳֻҪ翪ʼ֮ǰִīҲˡһ·϶ʲôǳ˺棬һ˫۾ʱʱ̶̿Ĺ⣬֮ϣʱ̶˷ܵЦݡ
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֮ò֡ߴĳ࣬վӿȥΧ׾ʿĿ¶âɨŹˡûǰʲô
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ݲûмꡭ꣬ߵıڰԼΪѵһĿӡȻȴò˵ֻǹĻǰ꣬ҪΪҪĶ࣡
ݵʿԳƵϡֵĻôλӵݣҲɵһ㿡
ͷĳԺںڵԵüΪʵɢڶǰüбɣûޣ˫糽ͦ˫Ƽһ˿˵Ĺ°ĮȻֶǰ㿴صڿʱ򣬶֡ޡĸо󣬶Էһֿˡ
ֱòˡ
аšԷҲ˿ɹ޵ĵط

Ȼ˶۵ʱ䲢㳤ݷˣ귢ݵĿ⣬ٵ˵ĿԣʵҲֻһѡʹ˱ڶ
ʲôҲûз֮Ľֵ֮ϣȻһƬУƽͷ١
³һеľ̾Ȼ漴ȴüͷȴǶ˼ֺ桭
λʵ¶쾳ϡˣԶ¡Ҳ֪Ǹʲôݣ
쾳޼ҵĻǿǳϼĴڣȻˣ¡ͬ쾳ݿɾ̫Զˡ
˵½󡭡ǰ֪գ˰
ݰĸпš
춼ֻССһѣ㲻ʲô춼쾳ǿ߼ΪҸǴȻŸո뿪춼Ŷ೤ʱ䣿Ϳ쾳ӣ⣬õӵжǿȺݵӣ
ҡͷ
ϻǲϡĪ˵½󻪹ԣݣʲôҲ㡣ǿˣ̫̫࡭Щ޷һӴ
ݱ磬ôˣ
ݸпŵʱһԵıӱͻط΢ЩĬı飬ɻĿˡ
΢һ漴³һüᶨ
ǿΣǰһֻһ߶㲻ϵķϲѡȻ֮ѾԸˣһᣬӵ޵ĿԣǿԽԽã֤һս磡ݣֺս
뵽ݵ֮ϣĸֳһ˿㡣
󣬻ع¶һЦݿӱûʲô
Ȼӱȴڴʱ΢˴Щֵĵ˵ͷҲٶ˵ʲô


288 ī
Ȼֻһѣݵ˵г̻ü
ʱǾʻ˶ţֱӳŶȥ
Ȼһ·ϣŷ֣вٵĳƥǳŶķȥݵ˵ķ򣬾Ȼͬ͸ĴȴĿЩĺ̶ȣҪȱ̼ҵΪݻһЩеģڻ϶ɵĳӡȥò֡
Щˣǰȥٵô
ݿһۣΪЩ档
ҲŤͷһۣȻ˵ͷЩпĵǰīǽĴ֮ףī桮īİءֿسīƾڽӵм٣дССļ嶼ⲻҪǰݻһġǱ̼ҶյĪ˵Ǹļˡ
˵ЦҲ΢˼ԳһЦ⡪ò˵̼ҵʵЩеȷҪС࡭
ԣ¶־ȡԣīİһֿīƾ֮˵ĻǴˣɾ;ǵ֮ˡ
֮춼ҪĶַ֮Уƾ֮һĲΡ⣬ɲǼ򵥵ܹġ
īİرʲôΪ֪Ϊ֧ţ
Щš漴ȴҡҡͷϸ롣
īİرǲ֪ûϵգҪ뿪˴īİأӦòʲôġ
뷨һ·ǰһ֧ͬһɲͬɵĳ֮С

ǰīҸۡˡ
ԼĪʱ֣̫ɽʱ򣬱̼ҵǵִλīҸ֮ۡǰ
֮ϵıƿӣһ֮۾һʱ˵
һԵıӱĿҲһ̽Ŀȥʱ̾ô󣬺ְ
Ҳǿһۣ漴Ҳǵ˵ͷ
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һۿȥֻں󲻶̵ļ֮һӺĿӳ˵
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һֱδιŮӵĺøУȻѾֿԷʲôֶ֪룬Ȼġ
뵽˴һͷһ˿Ź漴⡭

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ʱһߣЦ⣬ӭ˳ҵ֣елҲͻȻͣһ£Ȼ֮дһݲһ漴ŵ˵ͷ
ô룬ǿ˵Ҫʵ̫ˡ֮ģһĴһϵڶꡣר̹ٵġ
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ҵҲѾ̶ʱ֮УīҴ֮ǰī֮еĶҲǷ׷·
һ磬ӵ㹻ǿʵīҶԻȻīһһЩСĹ涨ģ˭Ҳ˵һīԼҲȻ˶ҵġ
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¶㳡ıԵ֮һǡ¶㳡ȫһȻ֮ǰȴŲٵĻϼӰš棬ܹ֮дһ̸֮ȴκҲ޷ġ
ڹ㳡֮ϣǴĿˣ֮䣬ⱻܰĴһۣ֮УҲ͸¶ۡ
ȻͬǿˣҲǷŵȵġЩȻǱȽҪī൱ҵҲвǺҪġ̼С塭
ԣμһ˶ܹʱ֮ȥĿˣѰ֮ˣǴ඼īȥԶļߣ˴δ˹ϵΪܵǡ
īİϵ쳵ȻҲʲôʡ͵ĵƣνۣȺ֡˵ģȻôһ
¶㳡ò͵ľˣЩڴ֮ò͵ˡɲһ٣Ҫġʵʺôģ
īңңīĴ֮Уīͬһòͣ١Ǻεһҫʣûаֹϵī棬ƾʲôô˲룬ƫһˣ
ֻҪīһĹϵôԺŵ˵ֻҪ㲻ŪŭԹӽԺطֻҪһ壬Ҫֱġ


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Ȼϲ龪ϲīİظ߾λ֮ϣ·һǰ֮˵ףʵͬʱȴò˼׼ҴУкĿģɲǵԼ̵ĹϵѾõֵزˡԷֺԭΪΣѵ
īİر治ͬɫȴǰüͷ

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㳡֮ڴ֮УҪӵࡣо֮ڶǼΪ֡Ҫֻ֮ҵһϯ治һ׵顣
ݣӱãӵȺ֮ҪѰҵһϯ̫࣬һֱȴҲûҵտһʱѾԱߵȵʵñΣ̲סֹһ
Ҫеܿˡ
ȱΣϲıӱȴԵĸߡֵľ£ϲġһûʲôĵȻǺİο˱һ

һԵ΢һ¶һ˿ЦݣҡҡͷǴ˴漴οЦ
ǿӵĿϾҪԺˡȷ˭һЩҪһ˿һӣǱ߸һЩϺռλãô
ӱһ֮ͻȻŤͷ³ĳ˵
΢գһ۾漴εҡͷԿЦ
Լô˵ôҲһʵ߰񣬾ȻįҪЩͨΪһųԷλöһ


291 ī
ȻǱӱСŮ֮ԣݿЦҡͷҲɫһ죬Ρ
ǰμīٵˣٶһЩݵġ̼ҹȻįҲûﵽΪһٷר̶صĳ̶ȡ
˱ӱһۣ˵˵ֻ»ؾͲҪٴˣ
Ȼӱⷬʵñ첻ѡ˵֮εĿһۣӱδȳ桭ԡ˵ţεҡҡͷ
ݿЦŵ˵ͷŤͷȥȴûж˵ʲô
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˵϶ʱ亹ֵ١ССˡ˵ȻҲ˵ȥˡ֮ϣ£ոһƬ԰ס·ǿ־塭
ݰ𪣬΢֮꣬϶ʱ¶һ˿ЦݡζĿ˼֮󣬺ЦһתҲûмǰȥߵЩǣҲǹЦ˼һۣҲȥ
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һĻͷھݵ˲ԶĵطȻҲǱǡÿС
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ѹֻ֡ҳʲô£һ£ȴִʲôҲûмעˡԭǳ¶
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ǣСѲֶΪͷۣǲҪǵĺðǸߵЩˡ˭أ
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Ҫ֪ǧºϵģͬʱں󱲵ҪҲǺܸߵġ
ȻҪĻǱʵʵǿܵԴҲ͸ࡣī١ݿһۣҲڵĳ̶ȶѡֺ󱲣ǧûʲôλġ˵û˿λġ
һȻΪ˱֤һ棬ͬҲǼƳȥһֱϡ
һʸߵĴߣԱһݰҪǿĶࡣ
ǽīҽīֻɫУֻ¾Ӫ꣬ѾҪǵŭԹӶֱӱĨɱ˰ɣ
ʵǿȻ԰ԵְԵȴҲиȵġλī١ΪȻѾû˸ȡֱԳΪΪ˰ɣ
ȥǱ߰ɡ
ŵʱ򣬱ӱ͵͵ȴͻ
΢һ㶣̧ͷȥԭīΪ׵߰˸ˣѾߵǰˣȻҪ·ˡ
ӱȻЩϲЩˣʱͷ֮˵
Ȼ˵꣬ЩѾߵ˽ǰӱһüͷ΢һüǲػŤҪ뿪
ȻʱλΪīī٣żֵɫ߸ϵɨܵ۾ȴǡʱתߵıӱϡ
˵ıӱһ˲ӳԭ߸ϣǵɫ۾ʱ͵һ漴һ˿Цʱ۰׵ݡ


292 ͻ
ף˭ҵС˶
˵Ц֮ʱĿжĶҲǲһ˱ӱ뿪ĸǰ
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㿴һȦīƺԱӱȤˣȴǺٺЦʲôֻ㽻Ѷѡ
ӱȫҿü֮ϢǲϲȻҲü˵Ҳϲ㣬Ҫѡ߰ɡ˵ţÿһ··Ͻ߿ӡ
ӱСܼ˺ǻ˴򽻵Ǵ򽻵Ҳ඼ûʲô֮ˡīʶΪ֮䣬ܻǴһ˿档
Ȼһ˿棬ī˵ȴĶһ˫۾ʱٶһīٺٵЦϲ㰡ʵ˻ǲģ㶼ûҽӴô֪᲻ϲأٺ٣ߣǺúõĽһȻ󡭡ٺ٣ͻ֪ҵġ̡Ҳ֪ġǳˡ
ô仰Ĺ򣬷ŸīߵһȺǣѾΧһӱЩһһ۾
ЩһﶼǷ³ϵ֣꼶󣬵ԶԳ֮Ϊ֡ˡŮˣһԼ۹ˡ
Ȼò˵ӱֻ³ӯһ崿õϢòģ֡֡ɶżġ
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ī֮ϣ˴ˣŭīҵϵֻīΪ棬ҲȻҪ֮ˡīҵȻ޴棡
һ˫۾ɵϴ󡭡Ȼ࣬Ǵǰ׳ա
֮󣬷ŻȻɴ۾Ȼ͵קסݣĵСݣߣߣ¶Ϻӱߣ
˵ڱŻһĻôôһŭȳڣΨһһѾȫնˣ


296 ǿߣ
ڴ˴Ŀˣ˵˳Աô˵棬ֱī֮ˡīܷŹǣǵȷ
Ҫ֪ɶǼΪġʣԼôĿڣ˭˲Լ棬ҲҪŭ֮ġοīҺīīĴڣƺѾ˵һЩʲôˡ
ʴ˴գȻ֣ζغȴμһ㡪Լӱֳʲô飬Ҫ֮£ǿ£ҲȻҪܵȡһЩʱ䣡ΪֳΣ
ԣнУȴ˵һ
Ȼⷬȴǳ³һ
֪ԼһˡȶغֳݷžȻһȺ쵰İ볰ôʱ䣿
һ漴˱ĿȴǱмͣĿڵ˭Ҳǡīҡ
ȴǳļᶨ֮䣬ȴͻȻһĪ֮⣬䣡
ôĿ
ȻݴԸոճڣһԴżֳŭ֮ȴͻţһŲȴǴһԴ˹
ˣǲͷķȥ
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Ǿ˶һϮΧ׼Ŀɨ֮䣬һ֮⣬ȻŲ׵ʵϡ
Ψе׵һˣȴһϮδΧס˵ģ⵱֮ˡ
ֻʮҵ䣬һϡл֮䣬һƣǿ֪ʵȻ
Ŀ֮¶ŭ⣬һԴĻ֮ʱ֮ϵŭŨ˼֣ɱڣ
īүī棡
īҵеˣī壡ˣҲܲˣ
īѾﵽʮڵʵˣǰ˵ţôСѾﵽ˵ھŲ㡭ȣֻ»ǲ˲ֹһﰡ
֪˴Щˣ
Ⱥ֮Уϳ˵ݣʱ׷
ǶĿ龭ˣȻ֪¼Եʼĩĵ׶ԣǻվڱ̼ãһġ
Ȼīʵƴ󡭡еһ˵λ꿪壬Ǿڽӵкպġī桱н֮Ǻģֻī棬δһ¶ˡ
ڵϣ·Ѿɢ˵īܣԼ嵽ʱɴ۾Ŀ޺壬ҪΪֶүү֮²˵Ǵֶǲϼӳͽ䣬īϣȻ޴棡
īԴҲתĿݣˣ޵ͬһܾίĺӡ޺֮УȴǣƣʱֻؿԤҪըһ㣬ҵĿУһѪ˳£
Ȼȡߵô׳ܣѾ˼θȻ䣬ǺƲֻ°ȻҪҩʯΪˡ
īīܵĿߣüͷȴһ塭ֶҲû˵Ѿ֮ߡֻīҵϵѪΪϡ٣Ȼݰô˵Ҳī֮ˣʶҲֻ֮֮
īǵ֮ˣֻƣȻֻ´˴¼ʼԼֶλ֮еŮӣӶǰϷȴǵµˣֳôһġ
īһЩŭ
Ȼˣ²һ㡭֪īҲԣҲ޷Ź˵ġ
ô˵棬ֱīҡī޷һֻʱҪɨˡ
뵽īһȴҲԸԷ˵ֱӻֺȵ£
һ£ʮΧ׻ʱ͵˳ԤҪǰݵ˸£
Χ˶һīɱ֮û뵽һֱ֣ˣȻԵҲһ䣿ǹȴҲԵ
ӱһݶʱǲ԰ǲһССˣƽؾìܵʱҲǺ١̣ȻһʵȴҲδһȺһ˽ﻹ֪
ǱӱƵӴ󣬵ϾҲֻһСŮѡ˴ʱѾЩˡ
ߣ
ȻڴʱһĮȴȻ𡣽ţ˶һضļȻһĹܡ
ţֻīɫȻһ䣬ŵĿ˳С
УֻáˡһҲʲôǳݵ˹ȥΧ׻ǣȻֹ˿УһȻɴ˫ۣŵĿǰ
ݣһǰ죬΢ȭĿĳī浭ĮɨȥĿ˵ãһīңҲ̶ֳֻȶ𣿲ףԤҪѹˣߣ˻Чĳ´·ͨĳīΪУīΪ˱ĳúֻۡҪʧˣ
ĮŨŨŭ⻺
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ȣߣ
Ⱥڶݵ֮ͣһͻأʧ֮ʱ͵ı˳Ȼţһ֮ʱϯ㳡
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˵֮֮ʼ
Ȼ֮ѳɣȴҲ˶֪ģΪһģͷ޵ĳҪ⾳ϵһһΨж򣬷ܴӺۣ֮һ̤֮
ﵽ֮ζһʼɱﵽ˿Խ֮ĳ̶ȣͶ֮䣬㶼ӵĪܣһ꣡
֮䣬֪жߣΪѵöӴֹۣ֮ûһ˿
ϵһνǾԵĿģ
Ȼǰλȥʮˡ˵ˡȻȻѾﵽ֮⣬⡭
ˣɵɵĿݣסˣ
˵ľŲ۷֮˾̾Է֮˵Ļôߣֻֻһ䡰ܹˣ
ΧڴסˡıӱãҲȫɵסˣ
ߣǶԣǸǴ˵еĴڣһټĽҪߵֻҲֻǧλңУо󲿷ֶķһε֮У֮˾Ҳ޷֪Էʵݡڳ֮ߵģҲֻн峤볤϶ˡЩˣô׼ģ
ݡͬͬ˯ʮ֮ãƽص͵Цӭ˵ˡȻȻĿǸ߸ϵǿߣ⡭⡭


297 
ѹ֡ѹīңī󣬵һ߳Ҫ֮ԵĻֻ±īҲֲ˺ȥ
ôߡýֺͷ룬Ҳ֪ȻżǿģһΣīҿߵ˰
Ҳ֪λ꾿ʲôݣǸߴŮӾͲˡλôߣҽ֮ˣҵȶȻûвʶ֮
Ī֮ǿߣ
һʱ䣬Χǣ׷һɴ۾ŵıԱ
ߣھ˵ڴ˵еĴڡڴ˵صȻɳΪġҲÿ˶лļһߵġȻīǿߣҲǳһ㳡֮ϣīҵĴĵϵӴѾǷǳ˲õˣܽӴĵһεģ
ī̶ȣϼϵ֮еĵϵֻһЩܼ֮⣬֮ˣҲֻͬȼҼһˡ
Ͼˡ족һ֮׷ģѾ볣˱ϵı仯
ӢۣǺۣʱ֮£ҲֻһѣȻʮʮţȴһڣһǺƮ޹㲩ĴǣһͻƐ䣬ɱ֮
֮һ쾳ͻƳһʮԪ֮ޣʮ꣡
ڶ쾳ͻƣԪ
ش쾳һһǧԪ
ظ쾳ٽһǧԪ
زB쾳ǧԪ
쾳аǧԪ
쾳һǧԪ
ڰ쾳ǧԪ
˵֮еĵھء֮Ǵﵽ˿ֲǧԪ⡰֮֮ϣ֮У׽ѷǵ֮˿ԽӴĸһεĵ·
˭˲ԼĸԶһ㣿ΪľʵԽĸе֮֮価ԿɴϷ֮Գ棬ӵмɽɽɱ֮ܣǺεǿ⣿֮еȨƷᲢۣ
ԣͻ֮֮󲻾ãѡ뿪壬ķ֮еľĳ϶һԵɣ
ȨƹȻӣϾġӵһӴļ壬ԴȻҲܱСĸΪ񣬺ôȻࡣ
ȻҪģķʶ½Ĺ㲩ƮĴУ
⣬Ҳ뿪޼ңԶҪǰ佣ڵԵɣȨƷʲô̤׷ϴ⣬Ҫģ
οͷһһֱҲŬԼֻΪһգеԵɡ
ԵδԽģ
νĹĪԽУȻġֻ񾳽̫ͣȻѾܽӴһط򡣵⡰ط򡱣ֻ͵ȵķ򡭡ʱ䣬ռ䣬ַرԴķ֮һԶڵܽӴĵġԣҪеԵɣͱ뻹ҪһԼпտˡ

У˶Ǳֶġֶ֮
ǽ֣֮޼ҵļѧ֮һ֮ͬȼǿߣܽһʱĪ˵ЩΪĲ㣬ĻǸҲûС
ֻЩǣݶǽӲ˵ءΪ̶ȻŷŵĮȻԵ֮УԶֳޱȵĻ뾪ֶ֡ΣѾǳǵȫţԼ˵Զݵ֮У
īֳֶ֮ҲǻȻ䡣Ȼھ֣ȴҲһĲšʵû뵽Լݰֶƽ۸һЩͨҲˣһΣȻߣҲǵˣ
Ҫ֪ߣɲǴײˣؿɼڳ֮УܼһߣǶǼΪ׵顭īܣȻܴô֮Уƫѡһҫ⡭
īаŭĵһͬҲѾŵɫīһۣȴֻһƽһԼ顭ȻѾīܴ飬ȻʱȴҲ˲īܣҪӦˡ
Ȼī֮УһߣҲԲһ򵥾Ϳ԰ƽ飡
˾Ȼ켶ǿߣʵ̫𾪣ȻѾǺʮڣߵĲ࣬ȴʵ̫һЩԷҪɱңֻ˾ԶԷҪ֣ԼʱҪɱȴǲܼŭط򣬶ȻѾǾ˴֮е˵ġֻһʱ䣬ȵ˵٣
īͷһת˾ϡݣȴͻһԭ֮ǰ
ī浹Ҳīҵϵ֮һڽӵв֮ˡȻߣ¶˼ּɵȴҲǲδ¡
ݼ״üͷ΢壬ȴһ
īֻʮڣ۱ʵȻûеԼ˵ġ˴īң󣬻īҲٵܣ϶Լ׳֣Է򶨡ҳڲδ˵ʲôһ䡰ԭ켶ǰֲʹĻȻ뵽Լŵط򣬶ȻᾪԶһȺī죬ʶʱɣ
Ҳ޷ݱҲǲҪīֻīΪ̫֣ŭ㡣īȻӣ˳ֺηպī߲㣬īҾҪΣ
īҸ߲ʶýˣǴ½ҹҲ޲ɡԷԸԼ汻ҪǿĵĻ
Уâʱ˸
ݣҲĴ֮
˶ƣҲԷ˵ʲôĮĿ˶Էһ֮󣬵Ȼ㲻ʸ˵Ĺ
һ仰ȴī۾ʱһɣ֮ϣȻһ˿ŭɫһ˿ŭɫȴҲֻаˣȻ֪ԷʵԹʸ˵ⷬġ
֪ҹʸ񣿡
īδüڣһϵȴͻ

īԶʱɫһϲæŤͷȥֻһŻ£ȴΪСߣȺ֮УζȻ֮ȴѾʵߵīĸǰīˣʱ۾һҲԾĹ˵һԡ
īҶī˫֮ǿߣ
Ⱥ֮Уʱϳ֮һ۾


298 춼ҫ֮ˣ
ĴңǡīסĴ塣λͬ춼޼ңμңƼһ㡣
˶֪ĴӵвٵߣҲǳϼȻЩȴǲµġˣȴܼһ档
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ֻΪСߵīߣȴȶԷ˰ͷǱȴǼΪͦΣһ޵ϻתһִ˱īҪΪߴһĴ
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ֻǿһۣжʱӦ
ľ֮ǿᣬǵյǾҲ𾪲ѡȻΪĳδ֪ԵɣʹõĲ࣬ϾطңеĹƪС֪֮·һϵı仯ȻȻܲ˵ʵǿ
ָоҲ˵ȻǾ˹ŹֵĸӦ
ԾǰⰫСߵʵӦµġ
Ϸīī˫֪λСֵγƺ
ī˫ݵ޵ӹһ˿֮ɫ漴΢֣˵õвδ϶ٻ
ݶī˫ĵһо㲻ԷҲܴŵĸӦԼʵҲδڳʲô̬
֮ݵݡ
ݣ
ȻݵĻشī˫ȴͻһ¡
ݡݡСֵĪ춼޼ҵ½ϣе춼ߡǸݣ
ī˫һ֮ͻȻüʵһ仰Ȼǽݵݸ˵˳
һȴͷһѹüͷЩɻ󣺡˵ң
ī˫Ц˵˵֮У춼ǧǱĺ󱲣Ϸû˵˵һȻ鴫һУžǴ֮У޼ҵĲ֮֮˰ɣ
˵ţī˫ȴǿһȻֹصīһǡ
Ȼī˫һȴЩͷˡʲôʱԼͷȻѾ쵽̶ֳȣīҵĳϣѾ֪ˣ
ɻѡ
ʵݲ֪ͷԶԼˡ
޼ʲô壿ǧ꣡ǽֻһ仰ѣ
춼Ҷʱ޼ұĿļ֮һ޼ҵĶԹԹ춼˶ǷǳˣͬҲڹע֮СϾͷκһΧڵֻ¶ʱҪܵһЩɲǲĹעǰ޼ҵ׻һսǶʱ޼Ƶ˷ͷ˼֮ϣ˵ǰĿҲǺΪ
鷢֮붼Ҫһ˵һ£ȻҲ춼֮гķзһЩߣ汾Ĳ²׷׳¯
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Ľͳ֮ʼĩֲ²ҲŸһ䡣
ȻʼĩȴҲֱӵʮǰйħõԩ˳˻ȻͬʱĶӣһսĵݣȻȻҲɱı¶˵Ŀ֮¡˶֪ˣ޼ҳһΪҫ۵ţų춼ǧǱ
ʱݵͷѾ쳹춼ˡ
ֻ͵ԳΪ֮һĶͶע֮У뿪޼Ҹ֮ۡ뿪Ͼ¼Ѿȥôʱ䣬ȶѾˣ̸۵ȻҲδš
˴δڳϣʶʶˣҲ޼ҵĵϵּӵܰˡΪ֮˭ûܵǰ̸۹м֮ĹڶԷۣ
ԣȻݡͷѾ쳹춼ԼȴǺ֪顭
ϸһ£Ҳ֮Сᣬʮ֮ǰ죬Ѿǣ춼ûв֪ͷġοΪɫݣ
īȻǽĴ֮һ춼Ҳڵ֮أ춼ô飬īûʲôţȻҲŵģݵͷҲǴ⽨ˡ
ݵλһ˵Ŀӽǡīҹע춼⣬ΪīұѾվ˽۷塣ڽƽ񣬻˵һЩСԣȴﲻֲΡϾԶ춼һЩ£ڽǣʲôϵأʶ̼ҵˣʵ޼ҵݣǲ˵ġ
ʲôȻ춼޼ҵݣ
ݣʲô֣Ź˵䣿
ôûô춼޼֪ɣǿ춼ĵһңݣ޼ĵΪҫ۵˵޼ң춼Ϊҫ۵ŴӲʮ꣬ȴѾﵽ֮ĳ̶ȣ춼ǧǱ˰
ʲô춼һ޼֮ˣʮߣ⡭
ģʮߣһʲôʮʱ򣬲Ųĳ̶Ȱ
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ī˫Ļأһ𾪵ɧ֮Ҳ֮𣬽ģϯ㳡
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һɧȴǳĬʵԼû뵽ԼͷȻѾ̶ֳȡΧľ֮̾УЩԷθ뺧Ȼ
ӱãڴʱҲǵɴ۾ݡ
յݸ̫ˡʮߣ޼ҵ½ϣǧ춼Ϊҫ۵ţƽһ絭Цƽꣿĵܵܣĸ磿
ŴͣĿɿڴӱҲС죬һ˫۾Ķݣ·ڿһ桭

ī˫أȴԵúǿģղŵĽŵգ·Ѿȫʧ
ݳĬƬ̣Ȼͷīˡĳ£ĳϣīܸĳһ𸴡īӵ޹ʵϷĳ֮ãºĳҪϢˣɹȴ֡ĳīΪУ֮޷ĳһֻ¡˵ݵӹһ˿â


299 壡
ī˫Цıʱ΢һȻ漴ȴ¶˼֮ɫ
Ǵ»ȹȥҲͰˡϾȻϳ˶ԷݣȻҪάԼ֮ˣҲ뿼ǿˡ
ܿǰݱȴ֮иֻԼڲ֮ġǹһ˵Ļī֮ܣڼɵʲôȴǡԷ޼֮ˣ
ǰ޼֮ƺɨ춼ҵĴڶԻصī֮Уŵ쾳ľǿѹģǿߣԲīҿǵġȻֳд󱳾ǻܣǲֳġ
޼Ϊҫ۵һǱ㡣ȻǼΪܵ޼ҵӡǿĴˣ޼Ǵ쾳ǿߵǿɾͲԸ⿴ˡ
ң˴īҵȷȡԷǰΪԼ٣ûоĿҲͰˣȻ֮Ūôһª֮һڴ֮ͥ£ȻٺƤֻҲѿ֮
ī˫ʣΪߣԼԷһɫֻѾֱӽԷˣﻹôϻԷ˵Էû֣ѾǺܸīˡ
뵽ī˫Ҳ¶֮ɫҡͷīҹܽ޷ȴСֵܼЦˡСֵüǰīҺ٣Ǹī棬ȴ뷢飬ʵǡ
˵ţī˫̾һĿһѾɫȫ˵īܡ
Ѿɵ˵īܣī˫Ҳͬһ˿֮УֻгôһӲҷʵ޹⡣ɫΪÿ㵭īǽĴ֮һһһУΪʡīҼҹһȷ涨еӣɼ°ӣˡϷ겻֮£оȻȼ࣬ʵī֮ӽȥīϣīң㣬飿
һһ֮ˣǵһݣҲ΢ݡ
֮˵ȥϣţǿǱֱɱ˶ԷҪԳܵĳͷᵱ걻ݳɡħ֮ѡ޼Ҳδȥϣɴ˿һصĳͷˡ
ζţӴԺ㽫ٲ֮ˣһٹⶼûаֹϸ𣬶ֲмȡ
һ£ΪһˣԼġˡԼ˳ȥջϡһ˱飿
īܱû˿Ѫɫݣһ˲֮ɫһ˫۾Ȼɴ󣬾ɫʱ鲼գ
Ҫүүүү֪ˣ֪ˣأ㣬ٸһλɣ
īҲ˲ؿھҵʹī˫Ľ£סԷĴȣ˻ЪĿ޺ﻹаַŵŰ裬һ
Ȼī˫ī棬ҲǶʱɴ۾¶֮ɫҲȫû뵽ȻôصĳͷǱֱɱܰ
죬Ȼīʹ飬һɫʱīĽȴ΢һ٣һüͷȴǲδ˵ʲôҷϣīңҲֻīѿˡ
ȥ
Ȼī˫ԡһ𣬶ԷʱԶ˿ԷҵĿ޺֮Ŀ˵
ʱ֮ϵīһ˳ֱȻ޺ֹīܣ˳ȥīֻܣȥˡīҵϵһƤƨһ
˵ע֮Уīܱ˵ء
棬һʱ䣬ѹ˵Ŀ⣬ٶȼī˫ݵϡ
īΪݵĹϵȥһ˵ϡ飬Щ˰
ݳĬƬ֮ͻȻ̾һʵĳ裬ֻһǸѡ
ī˫ȴһֹ̧֣סݵĻ漴ȴٶ¶˼ЦݣСֵܲΪѡ֮͢£飬ΪϷУʵǽ˵Ľ̵һЩǲϳһЧȡ֮󣬻֪īҵʲôزء
˵īȴ΢֣ĿɨΧ˵ܸмλڰæ֮лܳμֳĴ֮磬Ϸī˫ڴ˴ֳлλˡ
˵ţȴ΢΢һ
Χһī˫Уһ㶣漴ȴԶ۷Ź⣬¶˷мɫ
ߡεƽʱҲԼһ۵ġڣλߣȻԼϹˣ⣬Ǻεҫ
īˣμīүӵĴ֮磬ʵҵ֮ңīϴУȴɷҵ˰
ǰǰ
ɷˣɷ˰
һʱ䣬Χ˶񣬿лΪĻš
һ仰һ׾ٵģΪī֮¶ӡϵīǲӡȫĨ
üͷ΢ī˫򵥰
ī˫ˣһ֮Ťͷݣ֮зŵ֮ɫѾȫʧȡ֮ģȴһƬϣЦʵڲ֪յĿ֮УȻֵȹͣǵˡֵܲһͬϼΣһ棬Ҳһ桭ֳ֪СֵȺ֮ĵҲȻǻϲġ
ɫ΢֪ԷеֳȻǽеĴī桰īİءˡ
Ϊλңðʱ䣬īһƬҵġīİءǺεī˫ȥһҲ
뵽˴ݱǵ˵ͷˡͲɡ˵ţ¶һЦݡ
ī˫Էش˸ɴ࣬Ҳ¶ЦݡˣŵĽ֮Уɢ˸һɶǱīҵīܣҲѾ˵
֣ʱ˻ЩֹڿлߵĻǣŻһ˵ϡһݵУ¶ľη֮ɫ
磬ӱڴԺȥȥ
Ťͷűӱ˵
ݵīһᱳʲôСĴԷȻϳԼݣȻ֪Լһ쾳ǿߣī˫ԼֳĿһΪԼҪһ棬ΪɵǴ쾳һϣԣ̼ڴ˴Ǿû˿ġԣܷĵĽö棬ԼȴǸī˫Ǵ˹ȥ
һɧ½ˡ
ݸī˫˳Ŵȥδ֣īܱ󲻾ãΧ۵Ⱥ֮УһҲȻ߳Ⱥ˰ڷĵط˹ȥˡ
ˣǱĳС峤˸ѹѾõޡ


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̫ܰɣȻĴһ򲻺ܹͣ黹లµġοī٣ҪҪҴսǲġ㿴ҵĵӣǻúõǱߵô
󣬲˵ĿⶼͶעһԵһϯλ֮ϡ
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һЦ֮īİؿ֮⣬Ц˿ȴҪ޳Ϻúõĺϼǡ
΢һڡ޳ϡ֣Щ̫ϰߡ漴΢Цīǰ̫ˣݲͻǰ¡
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ݱīҺͻͻҲֻС¶ѡī˫Ѿ֪īİأأʵݵʶѾӦīİȴδ˵ʲôȻҪ֮ҹҲīΪУȻҲȥԷȻʾãȻҲͽˡ
еĹϹŴܣʵСȻмɵȫУǡƪСɣʶһ˿ʱ䡱ʶĲ
Ȼδصī˫īİطʶϢΪΣֻҪ΢룬ͲѲ²ˡ
һԣȴīİһȻ漴¶־âЦããֵܹȻǿ˿īĳƢԡ
˵֮䣬ѾīӸݰźλá
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ݵҲʲôסϾڴ֮ǰīİλᱸʲô
īİҲǼ֮ˣŴī˫Ѿ֪ȥҲԷθī˫˴ԼҲ֮٣ȻҲ˵ʲôЦ˵ʶֵӢۣѾõĺˡ룡
԰գ˱˱֮ơȻӶЦ


301 īҿ
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䳤ϣÿһҶӵеġҵĹΪҰ¡ҵĹϵ͡
īİصĽܣһЦ໥ѣһͷҲǰԾǹƪС֪Ѿʡ䣬ʶ񡣶īİصЩ֪ѡһ޵ʶʱӦ֮Уʱ֪ЩˣһԶ켶ߡ
Уī˫ԼīҺ֮⣬󲿷˵ʶ޵˼£ǸӦɲζݱ֪Щ˵Уֻī˫ʵĩġ
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ݱӦкб߰š
ī֪࣬ڹ㳡֮ϣȴҲһЩ̸īҵԼٹīİصš
ŴȻ󣬵ʵȴΪǰͻȻ⽨ӴĲԼ䱾ǿʵɨǶһ࣬ڼ̵ʱڽдµĸٶ֮죬ƼӦʱҲûСȵǻعʱīѾվ˽Ÿ
һīǰοϴӦʶīĲ֮󣬱ǶҪ³ɳĵ˸ѹȥɾʱīȴֳõǾǿݣ
ʮĵڶ졪쾳ǿߣ

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ʱһλϹŴĪּܷ佫ЩħɱԴͨѪԨ֮еħȫѹĳִܵ󷨣ѹһĴ˷һ˿Ϣ֮µ־档
ȻʮʱȥˣλµѾԽԽʮʱѪԨ֮еħҲԽԽ࣬ɱЩħԽԽǿᡣͣĹ֮£λµ֮ϣһ֮ءǱ֮أҲ콧ϡ
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Ȼ˵ͷȻⲻһֹΪû뿪Ҳû˽һֱڣ֮еˣȻŪ޼ҵݳϣīҵļһʲôϵ

߳һЩ΢⣬һ˴֮еһ˿ȡ
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302 
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ݽ֮󣬴˴Ҳ໥˲ʱ䣬¾ǲ²˴īİػζԴݡǽѹֻǾʹ˽ҹ
˿ްĴӴ֮˳ȻҲˡ
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īţīİȴǴ֮ˣΪС¶޼ִڣȷǲֵҪ֪޼֮УŴ쾳ִܵģ
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ΧˣǴּ۵Ŀ⿴űīһڵеı̼ãԼ΢ηĿŵݡ
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ͬռĹ°ĮȻλӣȴǴһ˿˵аЦ⣬Ŀת֮䣬Ȼ֣ӵͫףȻѪ֮ɫ
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һʱ飬͵ϮˣڵҪѵȻǿ룬ȴҲֻʣ˰ұΪûб֮ǡ첻ңǡ·أҿҾ£Ǵһöħҵʵһٴﵽ˶Ʒ۷ĳ̶ȣҰһ˫ɺ˫֮ͫзŨŨĸм֮ɫ
νġƷʵϵͳ֮еĵȼ֡Ȼʱ䳤֮ܵ⣬ȴûһϵͳԡ
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˵ѹ֣ſ赭дһ仰Ұǿѹŭͣ¹ˣǵһڰͷŵīҿǡ
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о죬ֱΪ족족족족B족족족족족죬ֻ˵˵ѣȷʵڵģ
Уޱģ壬ᾳ磬ʶߣ֮ΪߣǴ֮һ֮ͨɱ䡣
ط򣬶ţʤЩ򣬱ƽɢ֮Уάϵǧƽȶ
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ֻоһһεƼƼߵĵõ
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磬ȻƷô죿
ţԷͻȻչֳʵīһ˶ͬͷѹһʯѹֲѡī˫ǿͷľʶ޵Ĳ
Ʒƣһ쾳ڡߣֻվڶԷǰҲһĵĺⲻƵľ
⼸ڣǳģʵû뵽յҰȻûȣǰǻҰ֮УҪѰһζҩǳɽ֮Уһضض֮͸¶ǿϢʱҲв֮ұ׼ҪУһ̽ҲʱҲ澹Ȼһһ࣬ϸ۲졭ģҰУҲ͵Ϯ֣Ұ̺֮żŨľ綾ƴ֮£ҲմȾһ˿Ұ֮еľ綾ǼΪǿҵĶأҵʵҲ⡣ʱڵѾһ飬˵Ǳֵ֮ģŷȥ͵ˡû뵽
īİʶҲ޶ҵĲ֮дżǿĻ⡭ʱԼƴŶ壬ҲҪҰȫɱĻﻹн£ԼɵʵԼθĹףȾ綾Ҫ⿪Ҳֻ׾ٶѣ
֪ҰеϾʲôڵҲ֮ܽԭִ¡ħҰֶΣǳˣֻ¡ֻ󻪹֮Уӵмͷħͷ֮һ
֮УͬҲŵȵġ޵Ⱥ֮Уǿ֪īİɵģǻΪƵļǿħͷЩħͷӵмɽɽ֮ܡֻЩ۷ѹơ
ЩҲۣǰô죿ȺȻ߲µʵмܰ
ī˫ʱȴûʼĩĵģֻҪӦԡżĴ˵
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˵ʵϣֻǶ̶һ˲ѡī˫īİʶֻһ֮䣬ѾɡԪʶҲ£Ҫȷʮֵѡ

ǻӵߵҰߣһ˫ɨһȫ֮īİϡ΢Ĭһ֮󣬿ӵīİأҲתĨǡֻҪ㽻ͼұĹī¡
⿡ӵΪᣬģھŮ˵¶żΪǿɱ
Ȼ˵Ļȴõóīİī˫֪֮ˣ΢һ㶡
ͼʲô
Զ˼뿪ݣҲ΢һüͷ¶ɻ
īİ˸漴ߵʲôͼ˵ʲôϷ֪
֪һѾΪȻҰʱһ˫۾ţ壬ŭ֮ҷͼʮ֮ãκεʵ̫ҲԽ뵽õֻõȵﵽ˶Ʒн׵ʵ֮Ѱ˻ᣬͻһؿͼȡ˳ҲŸո뿪ܵ޳С˵͵Ϯڵ˵ǽŬʮ귽ŵֵͼҲȥھȻ˵㲻֪
ҰͬȼյһһɺʱԾȻ
Ұ԰ꡣ
ȴǲΪҰһ֮󣬿ӿīİأīİ⽨֮УҲͷ֮ˣƭСͲҪ˵˰ɡҵȼȻˣȻûпֶصĵīҵʵȻȴвҵСֻ轫ͼϣҵתߣ˼κһˡӲҪŵס
˵ӵݳȥзһ˿ɱ
ͲҪĺˡī£Ȯ


308 
һԳ˻˶ǻһ⻰֮ɱһ󺮷Ȼϯ֮ҹҲоһ͸ǵĺ⣡
û˻Ϊ⿡ӣֻ˵һ˵Ķѡ
Щʵͨˣǻɫ԰׵ûһ˿ɫ
īİĿҲ΢һҲ֪š
Ⱥ֮еɧ뵨죬īİ΢֮󣬿˿ӡ
ãҲ㡭ҪѰҵͼϷϡ
۾һ漴ֵҵȱ֤תߡ
ߣ㵱ϷС׵ıƬ֮ʣͼ㣿
īİȴǲмЦһ֮¶ڽ֮ɫ
ͼ֮ϣϹŴܡۡĸ֮ۡգõͿԽһõ۵ĵͳУиƷױҩص䣬ʤޱȡ񣬾ƾһ仰ϷԹԵĽ浱Ϸǰ׳𣿡īİЦ˵
ȴüͷһ壬һ˫ɺ˫֮ͫ¶ֵĮɱīİأҪƲԳԷƣ
ΣҪɱϷ򣿡īİؿſӣߵϷԼʵ㣬ҶϷϷͿԱ֤֮ٲҪõͼһ˿Ϣ
Ϸһʮ꣬󷨵оȴѾ˰꣡УʵϷŲϺţҪ˵󷨣Ϸҵڶ˸ҳƵһͼѱϷһ֮ϷԲµ󷨲䡣Ī˵㣬ȱϷҲаʮ֮ڱѰͼĲڣǲţһԣ
īİΡȻĿǿӣ˵İȻ
󷨣һֹͨط˵һЩ̺ӴƷԸָķģڷųĳַתɵͼ
󷨵ҲǶֶЩ󷨰ڷųǽܾ£ĳһ˵棬𵽼еĹЧЩ󷨣ǻһУķУ޷԰ΣЩ󷨣Ƿ֮һǿǿҲͻƣЩ󷨣֮󣬴󷨻ֻһСɽһһ֣ܴʲôҲǵǽӰɫȫڸǣеһЩ򲨶Ҳȥԣ֮ˣ¾վǰҲҲģЩ󷨣ɱһ£ʱ;춯֮ܣ԰Խɱǿ֡
統޼ңǶΪԸһ϶Ļǲµģһɱ󣡲ϧǲȱȫģȻͨ޸ȴǴԭ󷨡ڵľԪĻսȫͬ
󷨵֣Բͬò˵󷨣ȷκһ˶ͷ۲ѵĴڡ
īİҲȷ˵󷨷棬ų󼰵츳ȤȻһʮ꣬ڰǰѾΪԣСŴ֧ţٳѵһ󷨣оרУ󷨷ԶԶʵ
ӵüͷīİȱ飬ȴҲ֪ԷδƭԷ֮ȷҲ֪ġ治Ըͼ飬ǲýˡ
Ͼڿ˵еĿֻһǾͼ
īİģüͷȻ۵˵ΣҲὫͼ𣿡
īİؿ˿һۣĬƬ֮ȴ˵ҪҸ㣬ҲѡҪֳһЩ˵Źī£ȴ֪úΪ֤
Ҫʲô֤
ȷڹ㳡ϵЩˡϷ٣ЩϷ٣ҪֻͼЩȴû˿ϵȴûбҪ˺ǡ
īİָָ㳡֮ϵһ࣬ĮĿ˵
һֱע߾Ƶǣīİһ֮󣬶΢һ漴Ȼɴ۾ԭû˿ɫʵ֮Уʱǿҵ˿īİصУ¶˸жмɫʣ
ǿߵս΢ܵǱҪ꣬ֻܵ
ȻҲīİص仰һ漴һ
īİأҲһȾ棬ЩҲֻǵīЩǿ޵Ľսû˿á˵Ҫľû˿Ӱ졣෴īܽҶһ٣ô˵Щ˱ȻīҸж¡ЩʵȻ㲻ʲôȴǽдССļ峤īҵ£īҵӰʱҪϣΪ⽨ĵһˡ
Ŀ棬һ۾Ϳīİص뷨
㡣ī޷ӹһ٣īİһ¡ӹˣǺôȻ͸ˡ
īİأڶ̶̲ʱڽվȽŸôһƬҵȷҲûԭİ
ͷԸпô˵лΪмīİصġ
Ҫ뿪طҲûʲôõİ취Ψһİ취Ҳǵ˫ĿսȻԹɱһͷ֮ݡⷽȻ֮ʵûа취֮֮ߡϾЩʵɶҪǿ̫̫ˡ
īİ仰ʵʡȥΣˡ
˵ĿⶼǿӵϡǺԼȫ⿡һ֮ˡ
΢üͷɨһ۹㳡֮ڶࡣ֮˵ͷãΪ⣬ҿȥϣسŵ
īİؿһۣһδᣬȻתɢȥϵĽâŹ㳡֮ѾʣĿǣ̾ʵڱǸλ˶Ϊīĳ٣ȴɷ֮£ʵīĳ֮īĳΨһģҲֻôһЩˣλԭ¡ɢ˰ɡ
㳡֮ϻվŵ඼мĿīİأĲѡȻµľ棬ȴǶ˵ʲôĺʱ㿴ңҿ㣬һʱȴû˸Ҷ
İɣЩȻ׼񣬵ŵǻǻصġ뿪˵ذɡ
īİٶȿοһ䡣
ֵƬ̣еһжɫ԰ףҧأųϵļͷޣһͳīİص˵ķʱѾ˱Ȧ֮ϣҲʱ¶˾ϲɫЩȻûг֣
ڹ㳡֮ϵ࣬һ˶Ѿ˳ȥûܵأ˶ǷȫһԲ
ߡ
ݻ켣Ⱥ֮У״Ҳæ̼õ֣Ⱥһ


309 뿪ī
ʱӱѾȣһƬ԰׵û˿Ѫɫȫǿ뿪ġЩ
ʱ㳡֮ϣűħεˣԼ֮⼸ͷɱʬ֮⣬Ѿûˡ
ŤͷĿһʧ֮Уתͷīİء
ˣѾֳҪĳ⣬ڡͼ

ϣѾֻʣīֵԼʮһ䳤ϡ뿪īİǰŵĿ䳤ϣҲصīİص˵ߡǵɫ֮УȻĽ䱸ɫʶ˸Ȼʱܳ˵С
˵ģֻͨ˶ѡȻīҵĽѣȴԶԶûн⿪
īİصĿһۣ漴һͷĮǶ°ɡ
īİأо仰ҪôߡѾֳҵĳ⣬ϣҲֳĳЩ䳤ϲīĸΪһǾ뿪ôҵޣϣ㲻Ҫһֱս¶һ˿֮ɫĿīİء
īİ΢ü⿡һ֮һתɡ
˵꣬˳ȥ
ī˫īԼһɿ䳤ϣ䱸Ķſӵˣīİ󣬻ĺˡ
磬Ѿīȥ֪ͨλô˵īεĽλӦѾ˰ΪΡ
ī˫һߺˣһߵǵĳīİʶ
ȻǻˣϵȴδǳΪõֶΣҲ±ӵ˲˽
Ҳ֪ʲô¡˵ȷӦѾˣĪ˱ʲôʲɣīİزɫȴͬҲΪɻ
λˣīҵġظ֮С
ǡظīɽīҺķʮĹſٳ¼īЩõһЩؼ
īİΪ󷨴ңȻáظ󡱾˱¶˵Ŀ֮ˣ֮һ󷨣󷨸صԼֲΪ˾󷨣ǳԣУ°빦λű档
Ȼ֪ǿţͲýλ˰桭ҪȻЩţ
īİѾ¾ۼһļͷв޻š
ţһԶļӴһһʱͲǲĸīΡǰǡظ󡱡һǽǰЩʱոոջŮвҪһҲ֪ͨλˣӪȡ˵īεĽλ˵Ľôʱ䣬ӦѾ˵ġ֪ΪΣȻһֱû
īİز֪ǲǳʲô¡
īİҲǵ֮ˣõȲҲֻܸıˡ
磬ҪȥĶ
ī˫Щɻѯʡ
ظ󡣡

ӳˣģЩֲ̫ˣ
īİشīһɳԼͷīҵġظ󡱶ȥʱīҴ֮Щڹ㳡֮ϵˣѾȫ˳ˡ
ʵԼĪľ磬ߵǵʮ㣬ʵȫ֮£ٶȻҲǼ졣ԣ˰ʱ·̣Ƕ̶̵ʱѾȫ˳
һīһģĺòң
˾̧ͷȥֻڲԶĵ·֮ϣѪѾ·Ⱦ졣һصĲ֫Ƭ·ЩߵķϣԿīҵĻ
ǵ״ңûһȫʬȫƬ
һ·ֳ棬˶Ѿ˺üˡȻͷһ·ЩīҵĻǸһ˿ֵʵҲûУͱ˻ɱ˵ġ
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Щҵʬ壬˵ɫΪÿΪţǺпܶЩʬеһԱ
ī壬֪ǿУȴȻȵħҵȷ롭ǳˣīһȴȺħв֮£УĿЩسǣиӪīһǣ
ЩħҲ̫죡ȵҶиָҪȥãղֵܱ𣡡
ǣ²˳٣䣡ǻǼӿЩٶȰɣ
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յľ棬Ǿһīİԡ⡱ֽǱ£ֻ˶ҪЩС
£µǣ֮ȫʬҲûУҪЩ븹У⣬붼ģ
ҲԤһЩиīİؾ֮Ǹж£ī桱ĳνҲˡīơīİӹһ٣ôʣīҵͣһȫѹҵͷϣ
£ЩոˣٶȽϿģѾųп񱼶ȥˡ
īǵĽǲ񱼣ҲҪʱЩһһأܸܲϣȴѾҪҪǣ˶ΪԼҪΪīҳһǰġ
̼ͬҲȺ֮С
ܳīģȻЩʵǿģھŲ㣬ʮߵڰ˲ԣԵߡȻǵȻٶȽģ㣬߲ǡ̼ãڶݶӡ
ϣôôֲĹֲ̫ˡ
ɫ԰ףſˮȻ黹ûƽ
ӱǲ԰׵ͬһûһ˿ȫҪݽ֮סվסš·һһѵʬҹǵʱһ˫۾ͻ͵ۡһ˳
æͣ˽Ųñӱһ֮Źĵӱû°ɣ
ӱ۵һıסݣˮ̼佫ݵؽʪ
һУڴδȳ˵ʵǴ̼̫ЩԳܡ
̾һǼʶ̫飬Խ־棬ܱȫ侲ѡڱ̼ãǱӱ˵ʵǡ
űӱ磬ͣĿο˺ˣûˣûˡ
οãӱźһЩ˶ѾЩմȷǴ̼̫󣬶ԱӱŮ˵ĳϵĳҪĸΪҡֻܿʱ䣬ˡ
ӱıʣñҲĻعȻҲܵ˼ǿҵĳϾˣ־ƲϼᶨҲųģʹ֮࣬Ҳһ˾
СݣҪ㣬ֻ¡
мĿݣݡħʱӱҪ˹ȥֻ¸δˡ
ĲҪ˵Ȼȥ˵ɡ
ݴĻһ֮˵֣ǰȥ


310 ۷ī
ʱīĴš
˴żŨЩȻǿޱȡ
⽼֮Ⱥڰʱ򣬶ǻиֳġȻ񣬳¹֮⣬ȴһ˿ҲûУ壬һ˿ζ
һŽϵ֮еĵͽһЩ޶ٴ·ĪͷǿˡûгΪŨѾɢ˿ȥˡ
ݵʶΪĸоΧľ֮࣬һ֮ȴҲûж˵ʲôű̼õ˫֣ǰȥ
űӱһЩ࣬Ѿ˳ȥѾֻʣ̼˶ѡ
ãϵǺԲ߻㲻ī֮ǰڰΪǽϵĹ߸ڸȴûС
ܳʮ๫֮ͣ
ӦѾȫˡ
̧ͷ˿ܣʶɢȥδʲô֮һ
Ϣһ°ɣȥֻӱܲסˡ
ûʲôһͨӱȴѾЩܲˣɫΪ԰ףٲϢҪ¡
ͷһ۱ӱɫʱһ䣬ͷõġӱӱһ㣬һ㰡
޷磬ģڡ
ݿοһ䣬Ȼס˱ӱ֣Ԫǻӿ棬֮󣬱ӱݺһЩݲͣ
ŵĿţֱӱݻָһЩһȻһƨ³һ
ŷһУЩ˵ĸоˡ
ݱ磬ЩЩ
ӱָѣһסݣȷŻˡ
ûˣûˡЩﻹīѾˡ£ء
æο˼䡣
ӱᣬ˵ͷһ˫СȴץסݲԸɿˡ
Сݣô죿Щ᲻׷
״̬Ҳرӱ϶٣ɫ԰ף㻹ûɵǼΪġ
Щӡ̫ˣò˵ġ
Ӧò׷ˣϾǵĿīҡΪһϢһ£ȻҴȫǰȽǡжЩţҲǲ׷еġ֮ͻȻ˵
ھ߰ɣһ뵽ЩҾͺ¡
һһ˵ӱæ˵涵ģʵϧ
Ƚǣ֮ϢҲ١
æ˵
֮󣬵˵ͷãȽǡ
Ҳұ֤ī֮˿סЩ೤ʱ䡭ǵĻҪѰҵģͼ֮īİصĻҲͼƺһϹŴǿߵĵͳйء
һű̼վ漴ҿ˿һ۾ס
æһº漴һݵʾ⡣
ݵ˵ͷס˵䣬סǵ֣ȵԪ֮ʱӿڣֻӰȻһΣһâ˲ȻȻױȵٶȣǰԾȥ
ݵĵ粽ٶ֮죬ڱ֮Ե߻ҪǿһߣȻ㲻ٶȫѾͨ˵ۿԲ׽˵ˡ
һ·ȥݼŲմأ
̼öˣֱ֮ļȻһȣţ·嶼Ưһ㣬ȫȻû˰ֵ
ɵ˫ۣȻһ֮£ʱŵɫףܵľѾһźߣͣĵţΧЩʲôҲ޷
һȦɫֽǰķȫ赲ֻһΪͳġˡ֮
ŬҪȻһתĸоʱϯԣʱһϽ۾Ҳ
ˣ֪ߵݱܣһִڣʵ̫ǿˣ

ݵٶȺ֮죿һ˵գ۱һ·ϣܵǰȥǣҲһǱ
ڰЩھŲ㣬ʮǿǣ
ףʲô
̼óЩھŲ㣬ʮߵʱǶķʲôǵĿҲǿܸݵٶȡ֮ݺ¼ٵ˶˵̼ãԪγһȦ۵Ĺ󣬸ԣʱǱ׽ˡ
ǿߣǣǴīģ
ھŲʮһŶʱɴ۾
Īīг뿪ǰԮˣ
˲²
пܣ
ǻҪЩµȻЩǷˣ׷

һ²⣬˶ɫ䡭ȻǵھŲ㣬ʮĺ۷ߡǺͷǣһ˿һҲûеġ
£ٶ˵ٶȣ

ݣֻ˲ӵʱ䣬Ѿ˳ŴԶԶĿƻԻ͵ĳţݳ³һͣ
ˣˡ
ݵ˵ɢȥϵĹâ
̼ãŻȻ˫ۡ
Ѿ˳ſڵʱ˶͵ĵɴ۾¶˲ŵɫ
Ҫ֪Ǵߵīһʱңǳڡ
ˣ𾪵Ĵסˡ
ߣݵʵЩȥΪֲ֣Ҳ˶ٰɣвɵš
ˣѾˣǾ԰ȫˡϽؼҰɡ
ݿڳ˵
һعӱæץסݽŵʵݱ磬أ㲻һȥô
ݵ˵ͷţҪȥ붼һˣ֪ǹīҵ顭īİش˲Ҫ»úķһЩīһվȴҲԹۡӱ磬ȻȥɡУǱȽϰȫġ
һ˵˶һ㶣漴ͷɫȷīĸǲ뿪ãȥɡӱ㲻õġ
ݵ˵ͷҲǶ˵ʲôһ֮󣬶ʱ뿪
뿪ˣȻ̼ȴǶʱһ£֮󣬱³һ¶˼̾Ȼűӱų֮У˽ȥ

ݣǰٶȣҪȴҪĶࡣҲصĶࡣҹɫ֮£һ˿ӰҲûУٵǰš
ȥķ򣬲ǳУڣҲǶǡīң
һ·ϵ֮īҸЩˣвڹ㳡֮ϾѾ˵ġʶȻޣ˹Сɣʶʡ䣬Ȼ˵ƾʶͿԿ֮ߵʵȴҲԼİյһЩЩ֮УмΪǿᣬ֮ҲǲضãȻ󣬵еһ춼ࡣ붼Լʣµļ֮⣬ﻹӵӴߣ
ݱٵǰţб߰š


311 пֶ
ѾΪٵǿߣī֮Смɣڹ㳡֮ϣѾȻ̽ˡȻδⲢʾûע⡣
һʼһɻΪʲôҪī֮УȻڿƺѾǺ֮ˡ
һоâ硣
ͼָϹǿ۵ͳеǵĿ꣬ȻǴ
֪ҲͰˣȻ֪ˣȥһֻۣµҪˡЩȫǿĴڣУҲֻǵ׻ɫѡΨһ̣Ҳˡûа취ֻˡ
ݵȻĸֳ˹һЩھһƪĳԺ֮С


뿪īͱ̼÷سУһ̶Ӳʱ䡣ʱ䣬īİأĳīҡظ󡱶ȥ
īҵĸۡռҲǼΪӴе·ͨ˴ԺܲҪһȦٶȣҲʱС
ӵüͷЩѾε˽СʱˡԷȻûͣ˼
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ʶ䳤ϵĹʱ֮ײķ˿Ȼδ˵ȴ˵ֵĹЧ


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ΰӿһͨ漴˵
һֳɵĶ롮ܵõĶȣֻҪ᪻Ÿ߲㲻ɵϣͶǷҪһЩҾͽֵط쾳ȡѾȷһʧˣʵûбҪǲǿ᪻ŵҲû뵽;ȻɱͷԼǰɣҿīڲ⣬ȻҪ¼ǾԲܱй¶ġص˵ͷ
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뵽ݱ۾ʼ⡰ķ

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317 
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ϣȾҪΪʦƣճƷеǧһһĴĥ󣬺пܾͻĹ֮Уʹɢȫʧֻгꡱ͵ġܴȡһЩ֮ӶƳ


318 Ž
ÿһ֮ϣиַ󷨷Ҳֻơ֮ĲϣܹС֮ϣ˶󷨣
ܴСĪ⡣ΪΪˣͬȼǿ߽սһӵСУôֻҪʹ߲̫ޱԷѾעĽ֡ڣһЩǿġЭˣԽɱˣ
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ϸ˵ʶ֮еչͿһΪǿķⷨĵȽҲԲͣ쾳ڡΪֱӻɱ쾳ڵǿߡԽסʮһֲֿĴڣ
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ֻѪͫΪһâĽǡĪʦܡ
ȻŻ֮󣬷ǵ˵õ˺ܴٶȣ֪õ˺ܴ
Ųδ󷨵ʱ˶ܹǿѪͫٶȣڣǲڻ¡
ֻһȻ֮᪻洫ʼձŽ֮ϣѪͫȫڣ


319 
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һݺݵײѪ֮ͫϣâһϵףٶȽ⹥˻ȥڵ棬Ȼһһ޴ĿӶ
˵ʵôһɣٶ빥Ȼôࣿ󷨡Ȼ
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󷨣һֱǿԸߵʱ̡
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һ᪻Ӽ״ʱŭ˵
ŽȷԷȴƷıףǸ޷ƳԷķʲôأ
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˱ѪͫѹƵͷҲ̧ŽһɣǾȻʱ໥̸Ž֮
᪻ΪŽٶı࣬ѪͫѾκβʲôѪͫϵȴҲܹͻƿȥģȴҲκβһʱ䣬һ޾ֱ
Щ״ʲôطõġףÿУ᪻УҲֻиǰʮʦǲʸڽһﰡ
᪻˶ҧгݣвš
ȴǲ֪ͷǡϡεͼ֮ҲǼΪӣֻΪĴħƼ֮зµؾԼ¸ǰؾ֮Уͷ
ǡϡҲĻʲôʣ֮ŸǶһףΪԲ񡭡
ǡϡǵҲΪܵףȷ˲֮ء˵᪻ӵŽ󣬾㹻Ѫͫһġ˵ɵĽ֮ܣҲˡ
᪻вͬʱȴҲЩżȻסѪͳ棬ʵɻռŵġ

ʵͱͬȼǿҪǿ֣Щ׻Ǹŵ޼ɵȫī˵ĹֻҪͣˡ
Ұѹīİٶʹ򡭡
˵ʵҲҪȶ˸ǿ˵Ĺ˵ҲһȫȻЧҲЩܵġ£ȴȫȻûֹ˼ˡ
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ʣµ䳤ϣǱһȥ׳ʵֵǣơûǰ˵ٶȣһȴ˲ʿˮһܽӭײĿ䳤ֱȳ֮һܿ۾ĻֻҪҰ֮ϣټϵףñǣƵλûаƢ
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׹ƣѾһϣȻǱ󷨷š֮û˿⡰ظ󡱣Щನǵظ֮ϵ󷨵ҲܷĹŵñŰ
ǡظ󡱴⣬վŵģһŮӡıŮīա
Ůڴսһʼʱ򣬾ͱīİǡظ󡱵󷨷֮УԲûֻܵ棬ȴѾǿĴסˡ
Ȼôͬʱôһչдսľ棬ҲûмġīǴ״̬öŮżѡ
ôô죡Щһ̫ƤȫСף⻹ô򰡣ƤƤ
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ǰŮӡܱ򶨣ֻü֮ɫȴƭ˵ġĿʼղ뿪īİңȻΪӵˡ
үүīİءΪ۰ˡ
ĸĸСʱ򣬱Ϊ棬Сǿīİؽ󣬲᪻šΪɫʣԼһЩҲǺԭ򣬱᪻ŮķҲ᪻ŵļ֮һΪչصӣֱΪŮ塱η̳ʦ²Ժ
һΪīİһʮ٣ʦʾҪʡǡþš塱λʦ֣ҲʲôҪīһˣʦλʦһ·
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ֱִｨ֮ʱ֪ȻԵĶ˰ɱ
λʦֱ飬Ҳ֪鲢ԤıĴɱ¼ȻڣҲľʲôҲЩԡΪһƣл棬û˷ͻ˭Ҫɱأ
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ʱѪͫȴͻȻż֮⣬صɽ֮Уˣɫ͵һ䣡
ΧѪֲ֮ͫµ᪻һ㶣ţݶʱ䣡
ң
᪻λӣѣ˫ĿԲȴҲЩż
ߣͼѣңתߡǼȻҪ翹Ҳݹĺˡ
Ѫͫһ˵˴ʱѾȫĥˡ
˵䣬һ޵սȴδ˿ͣ١âϣΪϵףȻҲ޹ˡ


320 ȫˣ
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ǿս֮󣬵һλīҳϡ

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ޣΪΪɵһޣԲûаֵģ
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Ҿƴһʵ˵쾳գҲҪȫɱ
һ᪻ŵӣˣ


321 ħȼ
λʦ֣û취ˣֻˣ
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ʦ֣ûʱԥˣϵȻƷϵģĿǰֹûа취ƳķѾ˲֮أЩҲһ쾳۷塯޻û֮󼴱Ҳһ£Ҳףȵǽīİصȫɱ֮ǿɾˣʱ򼴱Ҳǻ췦˰
ĪʦһԷЩ岻ʶһ󲨶æȥ
ң˵쾳Ĵ۵ȷǴ󣬵ֻҪǱסɹͼУʱǴһʱĪ˵Ǹǻָ磬¸ǴһЩھתƷҩҲпܵģ
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᪻ţǴ󻪹Ĵ֮һǰ⼸ˣ᪻ŵ洫ӡ
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˴ȥĸá
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ϵףǡϡ衱ǵģ
׺εѵãǿǡ족ϵ߷ܹƵı
һ׵ƹ̶ǼΪӣʱҲǳɰǧ귽ɡʲô·õ
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Ѫͫһ۴˵ҩʱһ漴״¶˺Ȼ֮ɫ
ħȼ裿ǣ
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ǡħȼ衯˵ҩƷڵϰٷƶɵĵҩƷߵȵĵҩһã°Ѫ˲ȼգҵȵʵһ˲쾳۷ĳ̶ȣ֮κΣ˵ҩ󣬵ȴҲСҩЧ֮󣬾ʱҪһ㡭ҵȲ쾳ڡٵһ㣬Ҫɡ쾳۷塯ʵ̫ˡ
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ƽʱʦֵֻһⵤҩҲɽɱκΣϵƷ׵ȷ̫˲֣ƲķǣǱ͹עһħȼ裬Ž֮ƷףʵҲǶȻ޷ܵģǸ˴Ĵ۽ɱҲ԰ˣ
ĪʦĿһѪͫϵڱ׵ʱȴһ˿ȡ
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ﶼҪ׻֮ǿ
⡰ħȼ衱ȷȼѪ˲䱬䱬֮ǿ֪
ǣǱϾҲֻǴ쾳ΪѣǱҲֻܴﵽ쾳۷֮ѣ
ƷףȫչȴԷϵǿȫһܣƿ£쾳۷壬ǲ֮£Īʦֻܲλʦ֣Ҳһ̷ͬ
ʱ˽ӵС쾳۷塱ʵŽľܹЧ乥޽ӽ족ڵܣ
ȻҪ˵ƷȫȫûпܵġǣϾԷҲֻƷڵѣ޷Ʒ׵ȫܷӳԣǻлġ
ȻҲҪʹߵġǿʹãȻܷӵ£ǿ
ԣҪɱ̵㣬ʵҪġ
ɱ˴ⲣұԶϵƷףϵı׿ܲ׵֡棬ɻͷӵƷ׵ȻֻƷƷҪ࡭ƾˣҵķʱԵǿߣҲܴѣƾЩҳ˴ۣҲȫֵˣ
ĪʦܣЩ
뵽ٲɣһڣǡħȼ衱˸С
һŨŻζʱǴӸϯƬ֮󣬺Ȼϳ壡
䣡
Īʦ˫ͫ˲仯Ѫ֮ɫȻ֮䣬ԿһɷĻ磬Ծ
һضǷ񶯵ĲȻ֣һѪɫ˲佫ͬʱˡħȼ衱᪻ӣ
ˣ
˵һֲֿٶȣ


322 Ʒǧѡ
쾳ڡڡڡ۷壡
ǵȫﵽ˴쾳۷ʱأҡ
һϵеıʣ˲ѾɣĪĶ𵴿ʱŽ֮īͷǺȻĳŶĵط˹ȥ
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쾳۷壡
ʱѪͫĻˣһ˫ɺ˫֮ͫУҲû˷ŵ侲¶˻֮ɫ
̫ˣԷֻһ˿ϣҲҪʱһ̯࣡
쾳۷壬Žľ֮һֲֿ󣬾ͷƤȫԣ
쵰սپȻϹ
ħȼ衱Ȼ̷֮ȴһСʱ䣬ȫԼϤġԣѪͫĸߺһ֮󣬱͵һһ˿ɫ״ȴ͵˿
˲䣬һŨµ
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һīһʱֱͿԿȫ˵Ļī֮ˣ˲Ҫɱһ⣡
ԣһ⻰īҲԥֱӳǡظ󷨵ķΧ֮⣬īˣĺ˳
ߺţĺɰ֮Уʲôġ
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˲䣬Žеһ֮⣬˵Ŀ⣬˲伯еˣīУһĿɴ֮ϣ
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ͬΪߵʵͬյõҲȫͬӵ͵ߣֱΪƷƷƷԼߵġƷ
ͼƷҪB쾳ǿߣܹơȻҪƷǾͱҪ쾳ơȻƷҪ쾳߲ơ
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һʲôڰ족ߣݵأɽǳЩ˵е飡
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˵Ʒǰʲô죬ߣƿԷⱦ֮һ˿ۼʸҲûУ
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˵꣬ȳīԾȥ
īһԷҲǺɣһ֣ǽеġǧѡ׳һµķ䣬ֻϾâһȴ͵һףû˿Ѫɫ
Ȼ侲ָһ˿һҲδƽһ䣬кȵ

һ죬ɴһġǧѡʱ߲ѤõĹ󣬶֮ǰ֮ɫȻ˷ԲʮɵķΧ
һڣīİء
ƷͻȻ֣˶һִ״̬īİصȻع񣬶ģ٣Ұ
ҰīİؿǺ֮ˣһīİؾȻҪ룬ʱŭ˳īİأߣ
һ֮׳ʮ౶ĶʱǴĴ֮˳ֱ׷īİضȥ
ҲƷīİ˽ȥֻҲûһ˿취
ԣ֮Ҳæһīİ׷ɱȥߵ٣Ҳʱˡ
ݣ
ҵƷīİضʱͷƤ飬͵ŤͷһƳɫȴǶʱ䡣
ҰȻǱ˱֮֮ǰٶȣȻΪīİصΪ˳ƽʱʵ
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ҰеĶҺɷǵ֮ҰǶƷڵʱīİֻǸȾһ˿Ҳ˹СʱŽһ˿ҺƳǰⶾҺľˣǱУ¶ʱҪʴ
ȻҰⶾīİض㿪ⶾôһ룬ҪԵģҰݣԼķײ
ôīİؽɣ
ҪĹͷīİԺ֮еͷֻһһҧ¶һ˿ϣ
ֻû˿ͣ٣ֻԭȫĽҺһĹ˲ʡ
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֣ʱųԴĿĽɫ⣬һС͵̫һ㡣
Ұһģ˫ͫͬʱⶾҺ㽫һͿȫģȥɣ
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īİ˫ͫϵĹ󣬾޴˵θ죬ǶҺļͷ֮ʱȴֻ͵һҧֳɵ͵ȥ

һҽУīİص֣Ȼնϣ
үү
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ȻīİصֱȻϵΪǹɾ޴ĳײ֮ΣȴԸٶȣˡǧѡķΧ֮С


323 Ʒ
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īæһ֣ǧѡ֮϶Ŀӣ˲£īİأȴѾݺݵˤ˵ϣ

ҰʱȻɴһ˫ۣȫû뵽ԷΪ˰ȻϧԼһ첲ңȻɹˣ
Ұɴ۾˵桭
еĶҺȻǵ֮īİһֻ֣ѾȫǶҺʴ׹ǶѾ߲žһ˵֮ϣʱˤķ顣Һڵ棬ʱʯ֮ϣʴһ޴ĿӶ
ҰĿһ֮󣬳˫ĿͻȻ̧ͶҲһͷȻǳǡǧѡϣֱײȥ
䣡
涼ǷĲһ£Ұֻһǿȫ޷Ȼǡǧѡɵ֮ϣ˹
ͬһСɽһ壬˲䣬˳ȥ
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âһ漴ȴͬƬһƬƬ飬ҰУѪͬҪǮһ˳ϵƷףһ˿һĵҲûУǹǿ˲ϯȫ
䣡
ݺݣ˵ϣ
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˲ϯչȡ˶ŵĿҰȻ󣬴͵ĿͶˡظ֮ǰǧѡŵīīİԼīˡ
һͷ쾳۷壬Ʒ׵һײ֮£ǵ޹ңԼˣ
⣬Ʒǿᵽֵز
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ǣⱦġһţδ̤ġ߰
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չ֮ϵˣǱƷġǧѡֳǿܣˡ
үүүүҵʵ֧Ŵ˱ʱת
˶ǾˣΨһûд͵ģī
īɫ԰׵ûһ˿ѪɫȻǧѡɹĽҰײ˿ȥͬҲܡ
˱ʦķ֮ǰһֱûóΪʦǧ̫󣬾ʾˡңҪĲݴ˱٣ҲҪﵽ֮ӵԪſԡĻûа취ʹõġ
ҲƷıǵڰϵǿƶɵıʹȻҲһҪġ
ⱦﲢͬѪͫһǡ衱ˣȫȫī˵Ļܶ޷ӳġ
ǣһοԡȻҪʱķģīȻûа취֧ŵʱġԣīΨһİ취ǡ˱ݽīİصˣ
īİرĵһѡϾƷıһǾܹεˣ
īİˣԲһۣ״̬ʹⱦȻҲ֧Ų˶á
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ãҲīΪϤˣҲ᪻ŵŵ֮һСסīīīҲи飬Ҳǿ֮ˡ
ֻҪ˱ݽ٣١쾳ڡΪȻҲֻܷӳ˱ʮ֮һĹЧҪ˵ֻǷЩĹȴǾԹ˵ġ
Ʒʵ
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īİһͬսҰ˵λþ롰ظҰѾǱײ˳ȥīģ
ʮ׵ľ룬쾳ǿ˵ֻһգ۵Ĺѡ
īٶһҧšǧѡֻǧѡ΢һתһڣʱ
ৡһ죬ٵΣУ
үүھʱǧѡĲȨ㣡
īȻѾһޣδ߶Ʒıò֮ʵ̫ˡɫ԰ѩ亹
ӵ侲˵һ֮Ǳ˫ۣҧأ˼֮ļȻһָۣǳһ㡭
һ߲ʹӰʱīָ룬˲ûٵĶͷ֮
ٻһ漴âʱ⡭ʱԼԪڹӰû˲䣬ԴԴϵĳ⡰ǧѡ֮Уӿȥ
ƷıģңҲֻάְˣ
жʱ𾪣ȴǺɣҲתԴԴϵģ֮УǿԼάһƽ״̬
֮ߣ֮Ա֮Ϊ족ΪѾܹԴԴϵ֮ȡˡ
ԽߣԽǿȡҲԽࡣЩأڰߣһȡ÷Բٹڵȫգ͵ȼߣʸҪᣡֱ졭
쾳Ȼ̶ֳȡҪάһƷһּͼķ󷨣ȴġ
ԪԴԴϵȡ֮⣬Ҳܸо⡰ǧѡѾܱĲˡ
ֲݣҲͣڳſ֣Լ濪һС߹رհˡƷãȴһҲ޷ġ
Ϊ֮
Ȼ紫˵еġؼһӵԼǣʶȴҲѾӵһ򵥵ġ顱Խǿеġ顱ҲԽΪǿ
⡰顱û̿ԣȫΪ˶ڵġʱһ˵֮У⣬ҲܶԱ̶ȵĲݵһԭ
һġ˵õʱû˵ͬ⣬ôܵõģҲһƷѣһ˿ҲӲֻеõ˵ָԷһ˿顱˲ܹ޵Ľƿء
Ҫõһַ
һõ֮˵֮ԭǿ̫̫࣬ƾű֮вһ飬׷ٵԭڣȻǿдӶԷ֮н顱ȻԼꡣ
ڶԭرﱾ塭
񷽲ţīָɳ߲ʹţ⡰ǧѡһ˿飬Ѿûٵ֮Сԣٲ˼򵥵Ĳһⱦ
С㣡
˵ʵһзɲ֮ѡ
īָһ˿֮󣬱˵ϣɫ԰ף亹Ȼ硣īæ˹ȥ֮
үүû°ɣҩ
ȻīʱȴûʱȥԼ״̬ͬɫɷףǱѵһ̯Ѫˮ֮еīİأīϽԼġ֮Уͳһҩ


324 ȻĶ
īİǿҧӣӹī׹ĵҩһ飬ʱһŨҩ֮˳ֻһõīİصĲ԰׵ݺ˼֡ȻⵤҩҲǳ
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ٿһۣ˵īİص˵ͷӣһϣһ㰵Ľâ˸
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ͷҲǻعһЩ˶Ҫǧ֮УǱ׷ȥ
Ҳˣǧ̫Ƕ˽ȥֻ¡ûʲô취ˡ
һʱ䣬ͷȫŨʱء

̫ǿˣ̫ǿˣ⣬Ʒ𣿣̫ǿˣ
ڹ׷ɱЩ䳤ϵʱھ׿֮ͨϣ˫۾ȴǽһĻȫĿУһ¶𾪵ɫ
ǷŽ֮еҵˣ
ǼȻѾ֪ڴս˫ӵߴ쾳ϵȻҴ⡣һ·϶Сģ¾ǡ
ǵִ˴ȴѾкܳʱˡ᪻˲ŽѪͫеʱǱѾǱ
һµľ棬Ǳֳ֪棬ǲ岻ʲôֵġ
Ȼ쾳˵ҲȴûбҪȥ
ȥʲôǰīңǵĿͬͷһͼȻܰīҡǲīңѲɻЩ
˵ܲܽܡ˼һҪǰ𣿿һ¶棬ͷҪǵīҵֱӻɱ˰ɣ
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ƽʱȻǲǱôϵЩ˷ֵġµľī˫սĲɿȻû˻ᷢˡ
ԣǽķչʼĩǿһˡ
ŮӾʲôȻӵƷƷҵڣһƷıﶼûм
ͷ߾̾ΧˣҲһͷŮӡīݣɻ
û뵽īİؾȻ᪻ŵŵӣѹڰ֮ǰͻȻ֣ͱֵǿơԭı֧᪻֡īΪүүȻīҵĺ󱲣ӦҲ᪻ŵˡӵƷ᪻мӵ
һߵ˵ͷ
ʲôأóƷˣֶǿǴ˵еĴڰڰϵǿƵĶ붼˷ܣҪܵõĻ
ߵĻδ˵꣬ǷͷѾǴĻ˸ų̰ĶԶīͷ߲ʹ޵ǧѡ
˶һ漴Ҳ¶ȵɫǧѡ
ƷֶڰǿߣҪĶĴڰ
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â΢˸ͻȻӻȡһ΢ֻеﵭ֮ɫ΢һʱ˳ȥ
ǵ󣬼ٵķ˳ȥ
һ̣Ȼûκ˷֡

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һĨɫʱӳȻǳֱӶ
üͷ΢һ壬һ죬ʱǽɫС̯һаڷŵģȴһɫСԲ
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΢˵ͷҲ˵һۣһ˿ʶ̽СԲ֮С
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â֮У˵Ĺâ˵
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ǻأһֱû˵ĺУҲʱ˵Ĺâֱӳŷӿȥ
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ӹЦ첻ࡣϢȷǸһľϲ
ͼȻ󣬵֮£ǰƷԵֵﰡ
ͼȻϾֻһͼܲյõؾﻹ˵ƷıȴǿԿõģΪѵõǣⱦֻһ쾳ŮУǿǿ󰡣
ȸ˵˵ľ澿ˣ
ǺȻҲһ£㻹ܱ侲ѯʡ
΢һѹͷϲɫ֮ȻЦĵţͷѾī֮˳׵ĶҲ֪ǴʲôطõƷƷףǵ᪻ȻǲŽȴȻΪ׵Ѫͫ޲ߡѪͫȻѾĥ⣬Ա˶֡᪻˼״ҲǻҲ֪ȱЩīҵӵǣƣҲڽӣ˶Ƿ˷ħȼ衭Ҫעһ˰ɡЦ˵
ħȼ裿ԣļȻһ𡭡ȻҲ֪ⵤҩ
˴֮һѹ֡ѹķ򲨶ͻȻʮǿȻΪڻ߶˵ˡԭ˷˷ħȼ衭


325 ݵ
ٺ٣ıƵˡħȼȻ丱֮Ҳ˵ġΪԷϵƷ˺ΣԲѲų²ߣ˶Ƿˡ
ӵͷЦ
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һ֮˵
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ӹЦ˳ɫ֮У¶˼֮ɫ
ʱԴл磬붼ڰδ¶ǵʵΣҶȴܴ⡣
пһ֮ȴü˵
Ȼ֪׼Ϊ֣лصī۽Ϊƾֻ̣ҪñȻԾī۽ϡǷ޵вߵǲƾҵ뿪붼Σī۽ڷ֮УȷٶȵĻҲǼΪǰĴڰ
ȴǼΪаյ˵
ߣҪﵽϵľ磬ܹȣƿնСԲŻԷ޲ŻôԸ㶨
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ͷͷǡ쾳۷ΪѪͫѾﵽˡ쾳ΪǵڵԿԵֵǿްЧƷЩȴҲʲôˡֻҪܳɹŮ°ȥõϵƷԼͼƷıףʲô
һԵĺҲǵ˵ͷȴ˵
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ص˵ͷ˿Զ󷨺󣬶˵
ⲢһϷǼѪȵĶᱦ֮սһȻ쾳ڵߣзΪ̡ȴǾռ˾Եơ
ϾڻǶӵеԱ֮ҪֻǿͷҲһǼΪսթĴڣһֱڶû¶һۼϾܿӲӥֻҪĳֻ֣ЩһʱҪһʱˡ
һս֮УѪȱȻǾٵġв֮䣡
ʲô޵еȴ·춷ض˶Ҵ󻪹֮պ֮һǴޱѪ֮гɱȥģȻԵȻˣǰǾأҲҪһ
ȴһЦ
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һ֮·ûһ㹻ģûһ㹻侲ͷԣִܵ۷壿

ڰеĶԻʵֻһСѣ֮еķ֮ѾԽ᪻˵ķħȼѾҪȫȼյס
쾳ڵߣٷ֮ʮϵľѪȫȼգܣһֲֿ
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֮⣬Ѿ˼ʱݣȴǰڰһʹšԼȫϢһңԶ󷨣΢üͷ
Щղס澿һЩʲô顣Խǿķ򲨶ȴܸӦ
͡վڴ˴Ҷܸоǹѹ棬֪жǿˡ
üͷĿȴ侲ĳɨһۡ
Žȥ˵֮⣬һֱûж϶ΧȻʵһ࡭ҲǸһóȻҪǿƵĻ֮µõͼһĺļƽһǡ
ݰš
ҲΨһ̾ǹҵĹɱһ쾳Ϊߡһ֮ȴҪʮʱ䲻κڶ׼֮УȴǼΪΣյġԣҲóȻǽҲȻǲҵĲ֮ء
üϸ˼һŤͷܿ˿
˴һòҵġ֮ֻҪֱӱ¶ǵĿ֮£ǵʶȻѰٵҡ˴伫࣬Ϊ£Ҳĺõط
ݵһ˿Цݡ
ãҵĹҪչԹֱӶжԷΪֶΣ֮ʱûԵʶԼ򲨶Ϊأʮʺϰɱ͵ϮĻǹ㹻ÿɱһ˱Ҫ¶Լλã̫ˡ
ҡҡͷŤͷ˿󷨵ֱӾ롭ĿƣԼĪҡ
ʶȫɢǿΧΪѡΧҪС࡭ٽһףǾ͸ˡ쾳۷֮ûʮİա쾳ڵߣҾаս֮һٻɱ
üͷ֮ͨڣĿɨܣĥǲҪһӽͨλá
Ȼʱ򡭡
䣡
ļȻ֮䣬̺ױȵǿѹѪ⣬ͽȻԿչ֮б俪ţֻġ顱һ죬ԭīɽһŵĵ󷨡Ȼ䣬飡
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һ㶣ȴͷȻһĿ⣬ĳ󷨿ȥ


326 
ֻѪͬҹ֮еɺһ㣬ֱ̲񷣡
ԭɢİ׹ľ޴ͨѪĳ𣬶ʱѣ顱һ죬һƬƬ׹Ƭ
ţһģųɽӶȥĵ·ݵ֮С
ͨڵīɽԭˮһ㵴ɽֻӰҲ̼仯һƬޣ¶һټɽȡ
ʱݵĿ⣬ֱԶԶģǸŲ֪ɽ֮ĳһֱ̲Ѫɫ
󷨱ˡ
Ŀһɫȴͻһ䡭
󷨱ƿһ˲䣬ĸоԭǿҵµķ򲨶һ˲ͻȻͽͬһ쫷磬ȻϮ࣬ĺҲɵһϣ
ǿҵķ򲨶þ˵ӿ
һ֮Ԫ𵴣Ƭ֮͵һɫ͵һᣬ¶һ˿֮ɫ
֮ԶȻһɱѹĸо֮еκһɣҪ֮һϣǿʮֹ
ǿҵķЯѹԶľ룬ѾЩܵѹĸо
֮¶һ˿ɵĿѪɫȥ
Ѫɫÿһʮôϸһ壬էһȥֻͬл۳һһ㡣ڿ˸Ƭ֮ȴǻɢ˻ȥ
ǹǿѹ֮УҲŹ˶ı仺࣬ҲǶʱ˼ָӦ
֪ķǿߣʵҲǡ쾳۷Ұɣ
һᱦ֮ս漰ࡣ֪ģͷīһɿ䳤ϣ붼ķʵܱߵģǲǻȴҲҴƱϾʵҲ쾳ڡѣķ֮κһȣСĿԺԲƵġ֮㣬òȻܸоһЩ޵ʶĻֻīʸҲûУҪɨˡ
쾳ڡ־棬²˹˼ɵ޼᳤ϡͷġ
붼Ķᱦ¼֮У˸Ҫһ֡ɼ˵ջжˡ
֮ѷǳûʲôҪƾԼȥǧѡͼҲűصõľĵġ
ʱܹȥҪúÿ˵
ݶʱ֪¾еĺʱ
һƣƣȻѾΧصˣóȻжֻ¶ʱҪʸ֮ġʵȻǵȵȫ֮󣬻ˮ㣬
뵽˴ݱǰģתȫʶ¶ֺĵȴ

ˡ
֮صķӵˣȻҲĿһĻ
ؿȻЩɢ˵Ѫüͷ
ħȼܵȷǿᣬˣӲƵˡ쾳۷塯ĳ̶ˡ
ͷ̧ͷһۿУӦһѪѹ˵
ô죿
Ťͷӡ
ȡ
΢۾һۿ֮˵漴۾

ذе˶ǶµȴĲԵʱھīɽɽһ֮УһҲĿһĻ
᪻ŵҩ󻪹ħȼȻ
˵ģһźɫΧ׵꽫졣
⽫θߴΰ絶һ˫â磬Ȼ֮ȴһɱϵζ֮ȻݶĿ΢ɨǿȻɢѪԣͳ˻Ƶ˵
ȼΪʶޣڱ֮ǷӻҪӵɲ⡣űߵģһǹ
ǹͨ尵𣬳Լ࣬ϵϸ΢䣬ơһ֪ǳ
ȴҲʵǺһˡû뵽īҾȻ᪻Űҽһݵ㣬ǰЩʱյõϢҽǿߵĻֻµҲءīİأصĵҲġ
꽫󣬻ˡ˾ԶǴͳһʽΧףϢǿң¶һɷ֮ȥʵҲǲ͡ÿһӵг쾳ڡΪĿ⾫â˸ǡ
ͼ¹شҶǱȻҪõġѣεҲ˼ֻ֡ǲ֪ڵǰһʲôط
ħȼЧʱԼĪаʱңóȻȻǡƴľԡ˭Ͳס¶٣ôҲˡǾȵȣȵһ֮롣
ˡ
΢ĥһ֮󣬶ŤͷһڵأĿ꽫졣Ȼ꽫΢գ·Ѿ˯˹ȥ
һ֮󣬱Ҳ˵ĿƵĶǿչ֮УӦУһƬƬ򲨶ԽǿҵĴд˳ƺһΪҵսѾչˡ

ȡ
ھ붼˲֮׵Ķһ֮УͬһȺˡ
׵һƮƮмɷζߡ뷢԰ףƮȴ¶һɴݵɡʶ޸֪ǳ
뿪ɨǿչһ֮󣬱Ŀ˵漴۾
Ϊ쾳ڡͬһϮµˣһ֮󣬳ĬĿ˿չȡȻһȫΪġ
ڰ׷ѡһĲԡȴ
չ֮УȻһҵķ򲨶Ȼս֮֮ǰҪǿ˼֡

ĪʦܣĪʦܣ
չ֮УսѾ˰ջ
Ȼֵǡ᪻ŵĵӣȴսһţ
ѪͫȴѾ˵ϣվս֮һ˺۴Ѫ졣дڴڵĴϢţһ˫ɺ˫֮ͫУȴ¶һ˿²ѵɫ
ħȼ衭Ȼֲ
Ѫͫɻ뵽֮ǰһĻ
ԭīóƷսֶһ˿ϷԵı仯
ͷԭΪӵƷīܹ֮˵ǣʹīһ˾Ե֮С
Ȼīǧѵĳ֣棬ȴһ仯
ٲݴ˱Ȼֻܷӳһ˿ĹǿܣȴѾҰֱӱײȥһ֮ϵõ֣ⱦƷ֮ơ
Ҳ˵ֻҪīҵĿ䳤ܹ뵽ⷽԲʮɵǧѵķΧôЩīҵûһ˿İ취
ԣٽһɿеʱ򣬴սǲƵıˡ


327 󵹸ꣿ
ȻܴҰ֮⣬ļͷȫıԼǿսҪʣµīҿ䳤ֱӻɱ
ȻЩϱϾҲ쾳Ȼ뾳ϿܱЩҪСһЩҪɱȴҲô׵ġ
ЩͲЩӲƴֻһζٶȽǧ֮˵ǲͬ
Ƿڿеġа񡱵ٶʤЩ֮⣬ʣµġԨѪǡ롰ܡھٶϣЩ϶١Ǳ֮ŲƵϸҪ΢һۿۣڶ̾룬ʱҪ׷ЩˣӶɱȻ
ԣеĿ鳤ϿʼƷǧѵķΧ֮Ĺ֮УֻСа񡱣һ䳤ϼǧѵ˲䣬ʶĶԷʶһ㱣Ȼ󣬱һ๽֮һԽɣ״ҡ
ùĳ֮⣬䳤ϣǸƴһЩˣ԰ȵĶǧѵ֮С
ټҲǼ죬һϽ֮к󣬱ֱӲǧѣǸֻͨͷŭȴҲǺް취
ȻͷŭʱֻеԴǡˡһŤͷˡ顱һ֮ţΧĹߣʱ˼֡
˺ȻŤͷŷ֡ԭǷħȼĹѾǷħȼһѪֱӽ᪻˵ʵƵˡ쾳۷塱֮һ±ͬһ㣬ֱֱ嶷īİزµĻֱȥ
صѪɫʱ᪻ϳ˳ȥǿѹ˲ɨչȡ
ʱЩﻹ˵ǧŭ˲ѡԶԶĶ˿
ͷ쾳ĳ̶Ҳ쾳۷ǿֱ͸ϵƷף֮У
ȻҲѪɫûж֮µŽȴĪ˿ȥţȫĿ֮УѪɫȴսһš
ԭŽΧѪͫǳᣬֱսţһ࡭
Ҳ̶̵һ˲ʱ䣬᪻Ѿֱˡ쾳۷塱ΪӣļȴǻѪͫ
쾳۷塱롰쾳ڡпȼ˵ͬȼҪ࣬Ҳһȼ䲮ٰˡң⻹ֻǾ档Ͼ磬ǱȲϵġ᪻˵ľʵѾﵽ˴쾳۷壬ѪͫԵֵģ
Ȼֻļ̺ǿȴѾȫ֮ǰƾ衰Ž󡱻㼯ѪͫϽƷףҲ޷ȫȻǱⱦȥϣȴҲͬһЩ˺ۣ
쾳۷塯̫֮ǿᣬǷһŽܣǿʮֱֲ̫࣡ˣǵ󷨱ƣЩеһ
ѪͫϢ뵽ͷƤЩ顣һ˫ɺ˫ͫĶǿС
ߣҲûʲôħȼҩЧҲʱҶѡֻҪŹʱͼȻҪҵУȻƷǧˡ
ѪͫŤͷ˵ظ֮ǰ˸߲ʰ쵹ǧѣɺ˫֮ͫУҲ¶˼̰ȡ
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һ䳤ĿɿڴͻȻɫһĲ²
ܣħȼȻȼȫٷ֮ʮľѪΪۣǷ÷ħȼԲֱᷢʣ϶ԭ򣡡
һԵīҲǹעž棬Ҳ΢һ䡣һԱ߿䳤ϵĻʱԷ񶨡Ϊ᪻洫ӣôƷĴڣ᪻ƵĵҩȻ߷Ȩġǰľ棬Ƿħȼĸã
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ĹΪȫʲô·ֻһζĹȫĴ򷨣ˣȴǱһĪ𾪡Ǻʦ֣ǲͣĺĪʦܵ֡ȴûκЧ
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ǿлţͷ죬Ĵ֮˵һʼ󲻹ͼ£ԼֳǧѣȻҲΪǵıص֮ҷżԷһսѾȫŭȵ󣬿¼ԼԸ˫ַͼһҲҪֱɱ
ȻǧѼΪǲô˵ԷʵطٳȻʱٿǧѣⱦϾģ޷ʩչЧΪǧ˵ԼҲΪʵĹϵ޷ݴ˱ȵλʦϵҩЧһʱҪһʮڹǡȻǧѣʱﻹʲôǾ棬ҲԼԸ⿴ġ


328 츳ͨȻ
⣬ʲôط
īüͷĿɨط
ļȻ͵һ·뵽ʲô͵Ťͷֱӳ׿ս֮⣬۳ųпȥѪͫ
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⣬ѪͫҲīĻɺ΢ӹһ˿âȻȴûȥе̬ȴ˿ûб仯
ֱȻһ塱Ϊÿһͷӵйƻĵ
һЩû֮󣬸޾һŮӡЩ츳ͶһȻĵ޵ġ츳ͨ
޵ġ츳ͨͬĳԷһ㣬ǽһĴڡÿһͷޣӵԼġ츳ͨ
츳ͨǧٹ֣һ㣬û֪ж١츳ͨûܹÿһ޵ֽгһ㡣
ǰ⼸ͷ֮СҰеġġ츳ͨǡаҲӵԼġ츳ͨʶ֮ǡԨѪǡͬӵġ츳ͨǿĻɫ򡣶ܡͬҲġ츳ͨǾǡ񱩡ֻ⡰ܡĿǰΪֹûʹġ츳ͨˡ
ǡܡһʹġ츳ͨķ빥ٶȣʮϣף֡츳ͨȴʱʧȥʶΪۣʹʱ򣬵ǡͨЧ󣬸кܳһڡͨԣܡǲʹ֡츳ͨġ
Ȼ󡱣Ϊ֪ļޡ츳ͨеһ֣֮ôǻԴһ޵Ĵսһս೬صǿ˳ʮаϣǿԼ˵У
ǿߣһָﵽ̶ֳȵߣ󶼳˾ǧ꣡ǿߣһûһЩ˵ֶΣһ֮Ȼһս֮Уȴʮ
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ǣһ໥ģȴǡоɺ޵ǿǿߣǣ˫ɱ֡ս˫ҲĴ˻˫Ҳǽ˽Ū󣬱һһͷ֮սݱһģĳǿߵľս
һս֮УʱһģҾձһһʶսһ𣬸ͲǿߵĶ֡
ǿ󷨣ֻ֮ɱЩȫףǱӴܡһôһ۽ݶյġ
˭֪ͷһͻ㣬ͻȻаϵߵıͷ֮УţǱһ㱣ʹʧȥʶ
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֮᪻Уȱʱһս֮У᪻£⡰Ȼ󡱣ȻҲ֪֮ꡣ
Ȼī֮𾪣ԵɣΪ֡츳ͨǼΪѵõģһ֮УҲֻм亱һЩˣпܴе֡츳ͨ
ѪͫȻӵȡ츳ͨ
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᪻ŵĻʦʦֶʱŭ߳ѹ֣ѹĪʦһԲͻȻ֣Ҷ֮ʸȫĹʽȫȻܷԭԭħġȻˡ
ʦܣĪʦǣƣȽⷽǼͷɱ˵ϵף֮Լģҵʵ׽֮ɱˣ
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Ǻʦ΢һ٣ʱҧӦ£ҲǶЩǺ֮ˡ
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ɲޣʽһ㣬һ㣬ڶ֮ʶԪϵĲͬӳҲǴһĪʦȻɱ¾ݣʵʱսȴԶԶȲϺʦǻʦ֡
һǿĽ֮ʣʦȴѾԾսȦȼѪŭѪͫ
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ҲΪΪǱѪͫԼģԲžעһȫ̷˷ħȼ裬ԤҪٽšŽ󡱽֮ɱġҲһ޿κεĶĲ
֪ŪһϵıףȻԼģԼˣֻҪһ˷ǷħȼҲɽ֮
һ£ȴǳ˴
ֻΪħȼĸãκ˶Ը׸ġ
ʵϣҲˣʦܲŻ˷ŭҪɱ֮졭


329 ͼ֣
ֻҪɱ˴ͷޣǵڵҲĲҵʧסҲ
Уʦȴš
ףǿֻ֮ÿɽǰʮ洫ӣлõʹ͵ıȻҲҪõһˡ
쾳۷ΪĽͬһڲϢĳϫҲѹһ̶졣һǻʵѪͫ²ҲȻҪˣ
Ȼۿ⽣ӿѪ֮ͫУȴȻһƬ侲޶һ㡣
ʦüͷʱһ壬ɻ󡭡
ݣ
ļȻ֮䣬һ׵ɫâͻȻһһŶٶ֮죬֮ʦܱĽҪ֣
ʦһ㶣ɫȻһ䡭ڿУâӹѪͫӰѾȫʧˣ
䣡
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Ѫ֮ͫ̽ͷĸĺʦܡ
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ۺɫͻȻѪͫʱ˾޵ݣٶȳ֡ڴ˻û
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ħȼȻܽʵ쾳۷塯ȷϬϧǴ쾳۷壬Ҳ޷УڿУѾڲ֮ءֻҩЧһҿ㵽ʱкƾ̡ǱǽͼҲˡƤߣȷǲʱһһµġ
Ѫ֮ͫ¶֮ɫ˵ɺ˫֮ͫУȴǰɱŵǼ˵·ˣ֮ˡ
Ѫͫ˵ⷬʱݣı󡭡ʣµͷ
ԭ˻սʼʱͷѾ֪Ŀǰ־֮£޷սʤ˵ġʶϢ䣬ǻ۵һ𣬳а֮⣬ȫȻվˡа񡱵ıϡ
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ǿߣҪеľ磬ܹС޵ƣطһͷ޲ֻһζҪӡϵܹ֮»ɱ֮⣬ˣǵǿߣûʲô취ġ
ȻӵһԵƷȻвͬκΣƷô׵õģ٣µһ֮Уûӵġ
˵ƷȻҲסԷġϧǧµʵȴ̫ˣ޷˱֮һܷӳԡ
쵰
ʦ˫ͫʱһȭ޻ϣ˿ĸоҪ񡭡
ǧ㣬ǾȻԷӵзһ©ˣƽʱǲܷģ
ʲôʱ޵ս޶ǱڵһҪλ֮С
ǣͷһʼֵģʵ̫ǿˣǿƵ˺һ㡭Ƿ˷ħȼ裬ΪʱҪתޣؼʱ̣ȴְһ
ʦͻȻоǾһȺɵϣͷŪ֮Уǿȵǲò÷ħȼ裬ԡȻǻɱ⼸ޱһȻֱӾͿϷ⣬ʲôԼʲô𣿱ˣĺ

ʦЪ˹ķһѪɫȻ籡ֱӱǳſеġаϯȥڵΧĿռ䶼˼֣
Ѫͫ˸һ˿ζµġаֻ΢һᣬʱһâһԡǵֱ嶷ȴһ˿ЧҲûС
а񡱵ٶڷ֮ҲǼĴڣһȻ޷κεˡ
ˣ
ظ֮ļ䣬һпУɫ԰
еעɱ᪻ŵӵȥˣȻûע⵽ЩĶ̬û뵽ǾȻôһ֡

īİشʱҲѾ۾ȱһֱֻۣʧѪˣɫ԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫ־棬ɫǲ԰˼֡
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һżѯʵĿ⿴С
ʦĪʦȻڴսݣһĺʦǲͣýſеġа񡱣״񡭡һƬõľ棬£Ȼһתֱˡ
īҲǽüͷ˼ڤ룬ǰľƣҲЩ޲
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ͻȻŤͷī˵ͼó
ţŰ취ī΢һ㶣ȻȴҲɣӡУͳһݸīİء
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Щߣģȫƾһһ֣Ҫɱֱ֮ѹ
壬ӵԼġʱǱһһȻдͼĸֵϹŴܣ
֣֮ҲӵԼġط
⣬Ȿˣһǿᰡ
У޵
Ȼͼĸ֣ǳɱ壬ʶ˿һۣȻо궼Ҫƣվûбơû˻ỳɣдĸֵˣӵСɱˡʵ
үүǴ㽫ͼȥ뿪ôī΢üͷ˶Ϊͼĸֶ𾪲ѵʱȴͻȻѯīİء
īİ̾һĿӹһƬǽĿչȣӹ˲ڵϵľʬ壬Ŀ֮У¶һ˿
֮ҡҡͷվΣ֮Уȴ͸¶һ˿
īüͷĿīİվΡ
ͼڴˣôߣٽ
ļȻ֮䣬īİͻȻȣһˣ˲͸мҵĽսֱֳӴӿչ֮У˿ȥ
ΧˣǻȻɫ


330 
үүǡ
īɫһɻĿīİء
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˵붼ûǡҲͼȤ
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ӹǶ׽조ŵĳǹ֮ʱ۾ȴͻȻһ

ⳤǹͨ尵ɫϸǿ͸һֹӲɣĺظСȻǳ
ߵ΢һ¡ϣȴȻʡ
߲ɫŶ˵ʱΰ죬ͬҲڴˡĿɨ֮΢һ٣ǿڵ롣
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Сˣͬߣ˶Ըһˣòµġˣʵʹͬ
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ڶᱦΪƱ˴˵ʵԶԼЩСǾԲġ
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332 ī
ȻҲӦԷǹɷ֮ˡɱ۶ɵϢ֮ɱΪȻƣǱȵ֮˸ӵ͡ս֮ʱӵѹƵ˵ĹЧԷ־ǲᶨױɷ֮Էս֮Сǿյ顣
Һ÷ֹϣҵȷˡį鵤Ļҡҡͷٶԡ
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һһȴͻȻֻھ˲֮棬ʮ׵طһһӰżֵ󣬳˵ء
ɫ԰׵ݣ
һ㡭һ㣡û뵽ȻһֻҪ߼Ҫײһţ
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ŷһУȻǿеġīİصȣһֱ붼ǿ໥֮ͨݶ˶СҲۿǡ
УЩ˵еκһӵֱӽѹǿԣҲҴһ£֮ĵطתš

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ԣȴһֱȷԷѾˣŸҳȥ
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СģȻǾһˡ
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죬ݼ̫ǿߣҲԼС
ڵõչʱ򣬵õǹʱһ˿Ա֮ȻˣЩǿߣֻһĿļһˡ
磬Ǻܴܴġ

һ·Сѭɽֱ߽档ȻͣתţСĵĴ̽ܵľ¡
һɽӵɽڲµĵݵļΪƽȻǺķ˴󹤷Ѫġ
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дżɻ󣬵ȴҲδ¶ΡͿīγɽ֮Уһ·ȥ
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û߶ãͨտչһ·;֮ϣһѪ֮ͻݵıǿ֮С
һ𣬶ʱ̽Ŀȥֻǵ·м䣬һ棬Ѿһ޴Ĺ֣
ǿȫת󱯷ƻҪǿĶ࣡ķ֮ҲΪȡȻǸƼ֮أ
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ݿһۣȴǰԸпˣʵǿᡣᱦ֮սУǾˡʵȻֻʵġҪ佣ڣֻҲҪѵһֱչ𣿡
뵽һĿٶȱüᶨ
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һȻը֮ͣĴǿչ֮дһƥĽԹвͣķûС
˫̧ͷУ鵭ĮһԲ
ӣīİغⷬԵɣڴˡЩȻŷޣīİǴ˺ܴš
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333 Ҿ
ΰҲ̧ͷһۿУ׵޵ȷѲһζߣȷӦ
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ΰ΢һüͷ漴Ҳ˵ͷáֻ᪻˷˷ħȼ裬ҩЧδʱȴóȻȥⵤҩ˾ȻûȥȴѾﵽ쾳۷塯ҲӦ
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ǴӿиӣȻѽ֮ͨеһпУԣȻҲͷ˽˵صļ
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ҪȻҵʱɵ߿գЩ໥ᡭȵ취᣿
ԨѪǡüһ֮󣬳һɽۻİ취
⵹Ҳʧһð취ȵ·սչȵʱ򣬱ȻʧءͷսȴԱ֡ʱɱкܴܶñ
붼ĴӪڲԶУ˸ӣֻѾȥˡսչȵȻҲһָʱ򣬾ĸƼͲġҪᱦ
Ѫͫ˵ˡԨѪǡ뷨
ȷ˴롰ǡ̫ˣּĸ֣ȥҲƬ̵ĹִܵϾĴӪ޵Ǵġ
ѪͫȴҲежϴˡ붼֮йȻǸơϾֻһѣ˫ĴӪ
ټϵõϢʱֶ̣طĸָûа취ڶ̶һµʱϵ˴ħƼ֮еؾо󲿷ֵĸֶӿؾ֮Уﻹֳ붼īˣѾܳǿ
ʣµġ쾳ڡԼ쾳ĳԱȻ٣ʮĻ־棬ҲﲻʲôæˣҲڻҰˡ


334 ͻ
ľ棬ѾٲȻǴ쾳ϼǿߵͨ쾳쾳ȷûʲôġ
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֪Ϊһ򶼼Ϊޣޣ໥ֱ֮ӵͻǰһæġµľ棬Ȼ̫һԣжϣʵʧġ
İաԨѪǡȥ붼ˣ»ҪһԽˡ
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˵꣬ʶļȻһļ΢һ֮Ҳˡ

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ֱһֳϷŪϷŪȼ˰ѪһΪֱӴӡ쾳ڡҪ쾳˵пܣڴˣ
ָоͬһʯݺݵѹͷǼܸоȼ֮ľѪԷɿٶɢš⾫Ѫȼ֮Ҳ׵ʧȥս֮ʱ򣬾Ҫ⣬׸
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ߣһ֮õͨط򡣶һ棬ҲǼΪ̡
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ԣָ߶ȣȻˣȴûа취Ľ֮ˤġ
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Ҳǣ˽ŵĶᱦ֮УͻȻһļһ˭Ҫоֹġ


337 ᱦ£
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뵹Ҳ˵ͨ棬ûоԵİգóȻʵڲһǵ顣
뵽üͷ漴ȴҲٶʲôǰȥ
СֻҪֱӱ¶ǵĿ֮У˭ʶҲ޷̽

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ۣǵһŴ˷ˣҲΪٶȼ죬գۼ䣬ѾǴ󶴱Ե
ΰȻΪף˷һЩʱ䣬Ҿ뵱ҲԶаҲ޷ܵ˲䱬ٶȣȻҲǲգۼҲѾ׷˰ߵ
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Ҳ룬ֱһ֣һ磬ʱпȶ̼䣬ǳ쳾Ļȥ

𣬳Ļ죬Ǿ޴ĳĻ͵һʱɢ˿¶󶴡
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۱ֵνԾĹͷһŭȴͽȻը졪ǽ᪻Żʦָϵˣ
һɱ֮ĲΪǿҵķ򲨶Ȼ֮н٣72̺šɷ֮Ľʱڶ
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338 潩
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᪻ԡҩǣȻŹģȴҲǹҩķšս棬ȴûʲô֮Ҳ
šɷ͵һϹؾ֮С
ħѧľһأƻˡԻʦ⡰쾳۷塱ʩչܣԵֵ
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һܵ⡰ɷ̺аȴҲɫһס⡰ɷġ⡱ޱȣһ壬ʱ˻԰Σǳ
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ʦܵʶҲѾӹǴ֮УȻҲˣīʦãš
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ԣһںʦܷĽâ֮еġǡҰ
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ԣصһ˲䣬ʦܺŭĽâ̼佫ɣϵƷףܱסԴ˫֣˫ۣԶâҳ࡭״ҡȻ󣬱ԭһͷӴģʧȥͷ­֫Ұ
ƷףҲԶ룬ߡ
ڶģǡܡ
صһ˲䣬͵ϵѡ˻û壬׼ʹԼġ츳ͨ񱩡
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ͷ֮зǿģǿҲǿ쾳۷壬ԣһֽâ֮Ҳֻ˱һɣԴ֫Ҳ硰Ұһ㣬һ࡭һƷףʬԱߡ
һϵģǡԨѪǡ
ԨѪǡǴͷ֮га롰Ѫ֮ͫٶĴڣûΪٶȼ죬һâʦ˺ܴš
ǣٶȿ죬ȴҲֲʦȫȻĵĹ쾳۷ĽâббˣȱһȻ󣬾ͲˡҰ롰ܡĺ󳾡ߣͬҲһԶƷס
Ψһ֧ŵġѪͫ
ٶȣǳа֮ͷ֮ģʦܶĺǿȻκδҲΪƻصһ˲䣬붼û룬ֱӵ˾ԶġҰ󡭡⣬ҲҰһԭ
㿪һٶȻû̬ٶȶʱǣҲ룬Ϳʼϴ
֮ǰʦ֣ʦܣĪʦֹĶܡֻкʦһˣȻΪɡʦܵ࣬ٶȷȴûжٵԣɵĶܡ
⣬ҲǺʦѡȽͷɱԭ
˴ʱѪͫҲ
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ʱѡϸ߿գʱȵ·һǿ໥ɱĲˣҲмĻܵõͼǧѵġ
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û붼ˣǵһսǳɹġǺпĿԵõȻԶ߷ɶݣ˭Ҳ޷ǡ
ֻǿϧûС

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ѪͫҲѾľ棬ԣѾԽĲ
˵ħȼЧ᪻Ŷˣ붼Ҳǲȥġʧȥĸͬ飬ʧȥƣѾȫû˼ᱦʸˡ


339 

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ˣں벻Ҳܸ˿İҪǵġδµľȥ
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Ȼôױ͵õȴǻιصˣǰڵ׷ȥһ죬ϱһŽâҲʲôǳšܡΨһһǰķӶȥ

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ڵǡ쾳ڡΪһ޺ȣ󣬶ʱĺʦԴ˵һ죬Ȼ漴˫ͫĵ룡ɱɱ
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һ֮ӣһͨи߲ʵƵǲ壬񡭡ʵ˲ò˵һ

ĺʦ֮֮ǰǱɱ¾˵ĪʦܻҪΪħȼЧδȻˡȻУȴѾûʲôɱ쾳۷塱ĽܣҲ֣Ҽ䡣һʱ䣬չȶһ֮С
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ڣʦߣܵ˼ֲ
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һߣͬҲܵ˼ֲۣȴۿźʦܵģϣǸֳһ˿Ц
ȻĽâǡ쾳۷塱ȴҲʡ͵ĵơҺʦ״ҲֻʶĲһ˿򵥵ķ̶ֳ֮ȣˣû˿õġ
ɷħȼҩЧѾ쵽ˣûҪģֻ轫֮סȵʱһֱӻɱҲˡ
ڶ֮䣬ҲԼ뷨һ̣˵뷨ȴǾ˵ơ
ȣ
ǻʦȻǡ쾳۷塱ΪǷħȼҩЧܿҪˣ־棬ʵûбҪģֻҪ֮סû룬Ҳˡ
뵽ͻȻǶĿģȻҲǾ˵ơף
ȻǡѪͫǡа񡱵Ѿõ֡ǣɻװ
κһǶʮĴڡڸԵ֯ҲֻЩΪɫʵΪܹӵС
˵ֻҪﵽ˵죬ܹơǣҪƣҲҪϰƲϣһĶΪѵá
ԣǵߣҲûжˣӵ
õһҲбϡ
οš쾳۷塱ڵ
֮ĻٿʡȥޣǴ֮


340 Ӵ
а񡱵ڵСִֻ֮˭ֻأ
ʶ۸Դ뷨սٶ𣬶һΣȴǶڵĶᱦ֮սȻʦܵıȻڳţĹĿģֻҪ񲻱УҲûжٵķ

߶ᱦ֮սԽڰȻȻ֮ͨУѪͫȴѾȫչٶȣӴȥ
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츳ͨȻÿʹһΣҲҪϢʱʹõڶΡһʹãѾһʱҲʱʱֻ֮սѾʱǻصУȻûлᡣ
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ѪͫͨĵطͣΡ
ĿСӹܣʶҲɨһⷽԲ׵ķΧȷûһ֮һ±֮֮ͨС
һɫʱ嶼˽ȥƬ֮󣬷ɫɢٶȻǸ˾޵ģɫΧ׵Ŀꡣ
ֻϣȴһЩƣԵѪ߰ߡ⡰\ʼסı޷ȫܣΧûиǵĵطҲֻһˡ쾳۷ѾܹɵĽ֮ԣûб\ʼסǵĵط񶼲һЩ˺ۡ
̧ۿһ۷򲨶ȻΪĿչȣѪͫһ
᪻˷˷ħȼ衣һ˱һ˻ɱһѾһ˵ҩЧѾҪˡȵҩЧһ᪻ŶʱҪ˳ᱦ֮УҲټػͼ൱ȵ᪻ŵʧȥսʱҪǸʱǶ˿֡ǼһʤҲǲʤ
֮ͨеͷΪŹ֣ȴҪһô˵˶ǿʲ١ʱ򡭡˵ãұҲҪлˡ


341 ɱ˶ᱦϣ
Ѫͫ񱻱Ƶ˾ƴȥͼһ˿Ļֻ·һ֪ԼĻ᲻󣬵ҪԼֻΪѡ񡭡
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ȻȻʵʶѾȫɢ׷Χ֮ڣκһ˿紵ݶ˲䱻յеɱҲ˲䷴Ӧ

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ӣⲲԸͼս֣ȻɱǹЩˡ
Ѫͫطݼò²⣬Ѿ֪Ŀġ
Ŀ񣬻Ƶģ˸˼֮ȴͻȻ۾
ϵΧףסڵǡƷڡĴڡǵõʱ˵ֻ쾳ϵĳ̶ȡ
뵽۾ﷺһ˿⣬ȴɱ˶ᱦͷ
ѪͫûʲôøУԷڽ֮ͨǰīּɱīϣǻʮݣʹī˲ءɱоаΡ
ҵչϹ˵ɱ쾳¾δɱּҲ֪ЧΡ
ݵüͷ΢һ£ȴЩ
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Ͼ޷һɱֻҪԷԼôԼʱҪһѣԶԷٶȣѵĿҲûУ
ȻѾ˻ˮУôһᣬȱطǰ˵ʲôҲҪһ¡
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ս֮󣬹Ϊ͵ϮԷ޷ǴʲôλġΪõֶΡһУֻҪԷܵս֮̽ͲֵܷҡҲȫȻû·
뵽ݵĿ⽥ѹסͷһ˿
ҲһᡭȻҪˮҪ֤ӵʵѪͫھ֮һԷһӦܴʶæӴܣһ̽浽棬ͼᣬǸʱŷԼĹɱ쾳ߵĻӲǸʱԼļɸҪ
аţһ֮齥侲


342 ɱ˶ᱦ£
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ʮһһǳɫââ֮תģһ˿ɭȻȴǻںϵǳɫâ֮С
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⡰ˮ̥֮Ϲˮ֮Ϲˮ֮ΪΪġˮܼ֮Ϊǿᡣ
ҪܼȴҪһ壬Խ֮壬ǹ֮󣬲ʱʶ֮
ԣÿһʹãıƵ֮⣬ҪһںϵĹ̡
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һֱŬУյĿ꣬Ҫ֮䣬ʮαƵ˲ɣͬʱҪչںϹﵽͿԷĳ̶ȣ
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һбеΪ˳ʶ֮УҲδ˿Ĳ΢һЩ
Ȼ΢һ˲䣬һǿҵ˼µΣУȴͻȻ׵ĳͷƺһ˲ͣ
ѪͫޣޣСһֳѪɱ¾֮СǣΣնһֳСӦܰǱܹٵĽΣ
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ȻͷδĹ࣬͵ʶĹĶʶ֮еʶ׼Ҫʱ򡭡
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ȻļȻ֮䣬һ֮ͻȻصʶ֮Сţһǿᵽ˼£Զصĺ⣬ȴķʶꡭ
Ѫͫ˫ľļȻһͣ˶
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ݵɫ΢԰ףȻ侲ĿŹս֮Ѫ֮ͫģ侲ȻڸȴԴżֽŵζ
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ݺݺݵšһȭͷ¶ϲɫһڽĵһݽţ׳˾⡭
һƷڵƽʱʮݣҲǶԷĶ֡
ȻݿŹչ͵Ϯȴ˲佫֮ɱǺεһְԵף
ڿϲ֮࣬ȴҲֳһ亹
ǵãǹδѪ֮ͫǰѪͫƺѾʲôӦʶٶʵ̫Ļ˵׼Ҫ⡰Ѫͫˡ֮ĺƺҲͿˡ
ݱ۾ٵĺ˼֮һѹԼ顭
̧ۿȥѪͫѾָ޵ĵڵϡһ˫ɺ˫ͫѾȫʧȥ˹Դһ֮С
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Уʱ¶һ˿ϲɫǱ˹ȥ
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ݽǺɫΧУḧţȴ͸¶־ϲ
Χײ֪ʲôģѪͫϵʱ˸оƺĳֽȻУȴǸо˼ůƿȥôӲ
Χͨڣϸӵķ·ԵùӶءһС
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ֳܲܳȴȻůȴǷļ̣û˿ĵԡ
Ҽǵ֮ǰǡҰͣϵıҲǱ˵ġѪͫΪһͷߣϵıӦõĲǣӦҲֹܡҪôŪأ
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Ȼ֪װΪơĸȼȻҲͣ˵ѡıף⻹һμһҲӵйּı
ˣֳڼʶϵĶǳˡǻȽмʶǿ֪߱ף·һַԷҪ봩ϣҪһġ
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Ǽ򵥵ĵһѪͿˣҪʶȵã֮еԼʶ֮Уſĵõⱦ
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ķֻˣܸ˴Ȩң֮ԼѣѲ˵ġΨзˣ֮佫ڣֽ֮֮
ϵ֮ֲ֮õҲû˿á
оƬ޹֮üͷֻεĵӣҪһķҲֻ֪ⷽܵȵ佣֮ڴһˡ
ţжǰ佣ڸǶ˼ڴ


343 ڵ
Ѿף֮У̫̫鲻۽磬̫ǳֻн佣ڣߵ󻪹֮ѧϰ࣬ʶ࡭
һݵҲʧΧ۵ֱ֮ӷԼĻУʰˡ
ݵĿ⣬˵ϵѪͫʬ塣
Ʒڵ
뵽˫ֳɵʱһƬʵâ
ǡοӰԪγɵĵ
ֶΣϸ˵ںֶΡãҲôһְˡľǽ֣֮֮Լ󱯷켶ֶΡʣȻòЩֶεġ
һӣâʱնѪͫʬ֮ϡ
һֳݼʶĲ㡣
ݲ֪Ѫͫʲôطͬޣ洢ĵطҲһ
ޣ޵ಿλ޵ǵĸ޵ǵ¸Ҳĵﲿλ
ѪͫޣȻһȴ֮ϡ

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ֻеĵâѪͫëƤƿһ㡭ĹȻ˿𣿣
ݶʱɴ۾¶Ȼ֮ɫ
Ҫ֪ʵһȥǾ޴ʯҲҪʱ롭
ȻѪͫȴֻǱƿһƤë
ʲô壿Ȼǿ᣿
Ѫͫǿʬ壬ȴʱһɴ۾
켶ޣȽԽߣԽǿͬģҲԽӼ̡Ѫͫô˵ҲǡƷڡޣȻǷǿޣ壬ȴҲǵ֮˿˵ġ
ݲ쾳ڶѣ߸ȼֲ࣬ɲôֲġ
ҲѪͫѾˣϵķѾʧĻƾݡվطҲ޷ƿķ
ң⻹ΪѪͫǷ͵ޡǻҰһȥ϶ԷһëҲûУ
ҺãõĹʽƿԷûУ
˵
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ʹõĹǺֶйϵֶΣƾľǸ֮еȴδ취򡭡ǿģǡǡطԼڣΪá⵶âֶεĻ¾ܽѪͫ
Ƭ֪֮
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ǿҵʵõһͻƵ쾳۷Ҳһ
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ѪͫƷȫ֮УұɱʱҲ޴󣬵Ǳݡ
쾳Ǿ쾳ĵڶ㣬ﵽ㼶ݵǿԷĸӵأҪǶʶĲݣǻһʱ䣬ܰɵĲԼʶƵʱ˲ʹչҲˣ
ǸʱɾͲ͵͵͵ϮˡԴ쾳ߣֻҪʮаս֮˲ɱ
չôԵף
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֪ڵգҲǴһϿе֪ġݲδѧϰķȻڵȴҲ޷ʹá
ǣֻҪһִ佣ڣϾͿȥķʱʵȻԼٶȥ
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뵽һȴҲ̰ġ
һΣõһöƷڵڵһסջѾǾ޴ȻʱãֻҪõʵʱܵõܴһʬ壬Ѿʲôˡ
뵽վΣŤͷһۿչȡ
Ҳ֪ˡ
üͷ֮ٶתǰȥ
Ȼɹ͵ϮɱѪͫȴδΣж֮䣬ȻСĽչˣκһӵн쾳ڵ׻ɱ

һ·룬һֱߵ֮ǰλõʱݵȴ΢һ¡̧ͷ˿ա
¸֮Ҳǳ˵֮Сʱ䣬¼˵ڣѾȥһʱˡ
ţʱҲҪˡ
һ֮ݵ΢һЩͷǰ˿ǿչȣԼˡ
ѾȥӣӦľѾҪʽҵҲټ桭ҵġڿԹ۲쵽ǵĵطҸ棬ľ˿Ҫᱦ²ǸЦѡ
һʼǳΣֻСĸ档ȻᱦѾڰȻСĸ棬ȴѾʲôЧˡ
ЩٶȻҪǿܴһءڵһʱҵȡݴУҲҪյġ
ȻԣݷŻɱѪͫõһףһƷڵջ񲻷ơͼȻ뷨ġ
뵽ݱҲͲٳɣһΣһĨâӹݣѾʧԭء


344 ۽
İ׵ľ룬ݵٶҪıֻһ˲Ĺˡ
ھֻͨʮҵľ֮ʱݵΣȻ±ĳһ֮
ΣĿ⣬ֱӳ·ȥ
䣡
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չ֮У򲨶ϵĲţǿƥγһǿѹֱӳݵļȻϮɫʱһ䣬Ȼ漴ȴ͵һҧȻһݵݶʱ͵һף
ۣ
һѪ޷ƵĴӿ˳ݸϽйǳɫâȫżѵĶΡ
ѹ̫ǿҾҲ޷
ݵ¶Ĺ
ǿչ֮УһȺҲӵд쾳ΪǿڷĽսţеκһӰƣԽѹƵûа롣ȴʮ֮࣬ս֮£ܣָһֲֿ
սţǧ࡭ǧ׵ľ룬켶˵˵ȫԡ
뵱գݲ쾳ڡͬǡ쾳ڡ޼ҵһսΧѾﵽǧ֮ϣЩ֮ݸҪǿʮϰٱߣܡ
չȼ󣬷Ļվ¾ҪЩƵĲֱѹˡ
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īİسоһϹŲо֮Уһַǳ󷨣Ϊ󣬾ԴΪɽΪۣǳΪתʱһΪһĳ󷨣δڽ뷨ţһ̤룬׹þָ󷨣ܽ޷ѳ
桱ת֮ʱ֮ʱҪΪɷ֮ǳ֮ʱҪۼ֮УܴأգУǿױȣ
īİΪһ󷨣ϲ֮ˣȻֻϧϹŲо֮Уֻôһ󷨣Լ֮ҪһЩʲôȴδϸĽīİһֱΪ
֮īҴľ⡰ظ󡱣īİرͻ룬⡰ظ֮УŪһ޴ĲٳȻٳΪģһоһ
ԣôһټĹ㳡Ҳīҽ⡰ظ󡱣ķ˶ʮĹԵڡ
֮˴ûΪо󷨵ڣȴ޴ӵֻ֪Ǵ˴㳡ȴˡ
ֻټĹ㳡֮ϣʮתŲƣÿһεĶݵУͬݻһ
߽սõģǶط򡣶֮䣬㲻Լı͸¶˳
ͬȼǿ߻ʲôȻǵ̫￴ȥʱܲеĲ࣡
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󻪹ĴɣÿһڲԵĲͬϸΪ֧ÿһ֧洫ӣˣˣЩ洫ӣҲǴ쾳֮гߣпѾﵽ죬죬ߵľ磡
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īȽϡ֪õ֮ҪīȴѾӵһԼƷīʵֻǺ쾳ݣȴѾ̤졭
⣬ݵĲ㡣ҲȲԤҪ佣ڵԵɣ
佣ڣĴ֮һڴ󻪹֮еλ磬ֱȻԶһ춼Ա⡭
һᱦ֮ս֮Уӿֳ쾳ߣЩ˵һսȻҲҪݣ۽ˡ
ѹ֣һүүԹʶԼΪǿսԼΪĺôȻȻˣԭˮߵĹ
˫Ŀ⣬Ŀ⾼Ķߡ
һϮ£һͨ巺źĳ֮䣬ʱһˮһС·Եеһ̣ѾΪˮһ಻ĲһǿһĽâ˵ͬʱˮĵӣǿֲ֮Ϊǿ֮һ


345 쾳ڣ
ŴߵĹݶʱһඥĸоˮ֮ϣЩɻĵط̼У붼δ뵽ˮ÷Ҳ˫Ŀ𾪵ɫսޡ
ǿǿԭˮ֮ʹãݵɴ۾𾪵Ĺâǰˮеʹ÷Ǵģ⣬ˮеʹ÷
ݶˮԵ̶̵ļɲǵʱ֮У֮Уʮ
ˣ

ʱݵԺ֮ͻӹһ˿һ˿ͻȻݵĵ֮΢һ˿ݻ΢һͻȻԼ쾳ڡ۷ΪȻһ˿ɶļ
Уʱ־ϲɫ
쾳ڣȻʮǰǴϵʱѹһħ⾳õܴΪֱӴӡ쾳ڡˡ쾳۷塱ĳ̶ȡ
ڶ̶̵ʮ֮Ľ죬Ϊۿǰս͸¶ˮԵķãȻһֶĸоʶȻͻ˸ոյִƿһ⾳쾳۷塱ĳ̶ȣ
Ǳһϻ֪뿪޼Ҷ̶̲ʮʱ䣬Ȼͻ㣬ֱӵִ쾳ڵĳ̶ȵĻֻ¶ʱҪ𾪵Ŀɿڴ
Ҫ֪ͣڡ쾳ڡΪѾʮ˰ݲŶ롰֮Ŷãһֲֿʣ
ݵ־ϲ֮УһطΧЩ쾳ǿߴսĸԤݵͷ
̼䣬ֻоһ֮ʱԼͷ֮Уţ֮еԪ
һ㡭㡭㡭һ
Ԫ֮ͣݵɴ۾һַ·ȫë׶ȫʸУʱӿԺ̲סʹ
ڣַ֮ĿУŽʧȥȻ֮ʧӰ١
һ㱣صʵ֮СǰչȣսȻڳţط֮Ĵ쾳ǿߵĽս֮Уڸ˹ȥûκ˲
ݵʶ̽Լĵ֮УҪԼ˶١

һ֮£ݵ۾ʱһ¶ϲɫ
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űҲ˵ݵʵǲѧȷĿǣһˣԶսʮʮʮ֮ǰ
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һУҪ鹦ݵ޼ҡʥá֮У俴Ǳ顪ƪ
һƪ¼˸ˮ֮⾳Ĺż˵ݽ֮һǳҪءںʱ򣬱⾳Ҫԣʼ⾳
ڻ޼ңֻǺ߲ʱ򣬱Ѿʼ⾳ҳɹʹ֮ʱһ˿ɶ뵽˽֮Уʹ֮ܣ˲Ϊ֮ʱ̡
֮ġϪһУݸǿĹ۲뺣˳ϫУᡣǽ߸µʱʱ䣬˶ˮ֮⾳ĸ֮ϡ˶ײ
֮һս޼ң֮УҲδͣ¶ˮ֮⾳ᣬ򡭡
Ϊ⾳ã֮һҪ
֮Уݹ˵츳Ҳܲᡭ
񲻹ʮ꣬Ӵʱ䡭̵ʱﵽ쾳ڵĳ̶ȣ
ȷĿ꣬˵츳㣬ȡ˿漣һĳɼԵɣ
ȻСע۽罫ϰһ˵츳γڣαȵʮڣǧ˵ǻ۽ᾧһһǿܽľ飿
ԣˮ֮⾳򻹺ǳԣид󲿷ֶʣȴ޷
ڣڽգۼ֤ķʽЩʣƶǶѾıֳ֮һ˲ǽʱĸȡ˳ڣﵽһ־Ч
ҲǺˡ
ݸŴ˿̳ӯĿ֮Ȼмּû뵽ǿЩ쾳ǿߵսҵõ˴ĺôôȽ佣ڣͬԵǿߴڹָжĽ
뵽˴ݶԽ佣ڣԽڴ

ͻȻ쾳ڣȻ֮ϵսȻڳšȻһط򣬵ͬ쾳ǿߵķƴطȽȴǲʲôˡ
ԣȻû˷ֵݡ
Ϊ֮壬ǵǿ֮࣬еġʶҲ˼֣ܸоʶĲݣҲԽ
ʹùʱӦÿʮϢˡ
ݹš
ʶٶĺôǹٶȸ˼֣ͬҲ֮Ĵ쾳ǿߵǿѹ֮£ָܼʱˡ
Ȼ̶ֳȵʶȻ޷֮ǰҪùࡣ
ѹļһ·ȥ֪ʱʱ
ݵ£Ŀˣһǰ󣬸һսǣǳſչ֮Ǿ޴Ĺ㳡֮п̽š
ͷ
ǰһˣݿºñīΡ
ֻīΣ֮ȴҪࡣ˼Ѿǿѹѹſ˵ϣһĳ鴤ţֻǾǿ̧ͷſչ֮пȥ϶£ʶı顣Ķϲѿ쾳߲ΪֿѾԶԶ̶ȵѹȷһ׵顣
ʵߣڴ֮£ҲǱһѪĪ˵ˡ
˵Ϊ־֮£ֱӱⷨ򲨶ѹҲ˸е֡ɻǡμģ
սǴǷӵˡȻҲδݵĿӣǳǰ̽ţעſչ֮еľơ
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ȻݼΪɻ󲻽Ŀͷʱ򣬿չ֮УͻȻһŭţһǿĲһȻ̧ͷȥ


346 б
ֻУһżΪǿͻȻһԾֱӳſչһ±֮ϣԾȥ
ֻһ۱ǿˣⳡУ봦Ŀĵĳܷ֮⣬ΪȣΪǿ֮ˣ
ֻμ죬ֻһԾѾԾİ׵ĸ߿գһ̤ݺݵĵ±һ͹ʯ֮ϣٶȻθߣۿžȻҪǧߵ±ڡ
ڴʱһŭһâȴѸ֮٣˲ǰһΡ
ͻȻֵӰһΧ׵ཫ죬Ƕ֮ˣУһͬһɫĳǹڳֵͬʱȻһǹžת֮Ӱ̶ֱȥ
һǹ̵ļΪн·̺ĳַ֮ӰּΣôΣҲҪһǹͷ˵ǳ
ŵ绡ཫֵͬʱһɫӰ৵һӰĽ£һɫһȣնȥ
ǰߣ
Ƥʱһɴ۾ʱϳİɫӰǷԼ۲ģǶˮ֮⾳ӵмİߡ
ڷݹ۲ʱǰߵĶֳֳ֣ǹཫ졣Ȼת֮䣬ŻˣȻͬһʱ䣬ͬһˣ
˵õͼ
˲ع뵽ཫĿһתʱֹӰ֮ϡ
һڵľᣬУ
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ݶʱ۾һ
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬Ŀͼ֮ϵʱǱΧӰȴ˶벻ķӦ
֮һΣתһ£ͬʱһ
ͣ
һ죬ཫвɫĳǹݺݵ˶ԷšԷһãⳤǹһ£ǴͷǴ̽ţ
ʵཫгǹ̺ĵѾ嫵һǹ̳ɵƻֻ»ľˣӰֱըҲ˸о졣
Ȼ˸еģȴһǹֻǴ̽˶Էţȴδ֮бըѪ׷ɵĳ桭
ӰԶȶԷǿԷǹ֮ϵȫ֮޷
ڳǹһ˲䣬ȴӰ͵̧֣һף
ʲô
ݣ˶ǱһۿȻһɣ
ӰҪǿչ֮е˵ġһףж
ΪҪġ׳ȥĶ˵Ŀꡪͼ
ͼ׳ȥˣ
ݶʱɴ۾ʶľҪ粽׷ȥ
ĿסʱܳȥԼ
ֻͼһһ㣬˲Խǰɽ壬ʧӰ٣
ʱ򣬰˵ĹҲѾӰȻӣǽĳǹԼĶӵĶһģʶֻðâһӰȣʱʹ˱ն
쵰
ǽŭһһţ̤Ӱϣǹ͵һ飬ζʱһâͼֱ׷ȥ
ٶ֮죬ڼֱ˲ʧ˵֮С
׷Ҫöóѣ
ǽ췴Ӧ죬ߵķӦͬҲǲͻıһ£űǷӦݶʱ䣬Ťͷһͬʱ͵һŤɳʮף±֮ϣһ㣬ҲʱһԾ±ڣ׷ȥ
⽫׷ͼ뿪·붼ˣҲһ֮ͣ˴򶷡
Ƭ֮
ߣȷһ£һͬջأ
㣿⼸öڵǾʱܰɣɲҪ·Ͼܵˣ
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һŭ֮˫ҲĬȴҲٴ򶷣ʱαԾһȿֺģԾǧ׸ߵ±ڣֱ׷ȥ
ǧ±ڣڴ쾳˵ûжϰ
ͼ˷׳ٶȼ죬׷ȥͼŵ㣬ֻºѰҪ鷳
Ҫ֪±֮󣬿һҰ֡ҪôΧѰһѶȣ֪ˡ
ļ죬ɽ֮пһ˵ʱŻع漴³һüͷ
Ŀ⣬Ͷ֮ǰ׳ͼǵӰ
һǹֱ˵ĺ̤һţֻѾ˰ɣ
š
ȻǱ̤ӰڵϣѾȫȻû˶ǼҲѾʧ
뵽ͻȻعƺŻһ񲣬ȴǿᵽµҲɽ֮УĽġ
ݵĿ⣬ƶ˹ȥ
Ȼһ֮һ¡
׵ˣҲѾ˵ϣһȫѾʧ֪ǻ
ô£
üͷţδ˶Դ˶֡
һֱһˣȻһֱڷӵ󣬶淢Ҳ֪ǣ֪ģʵ̫һЩ
⣬Ҳ۽⡣
˶֪᪻мΪĲҩħȼ裬ֻݲ֪˶֪īҵĺ̨᪻ţҲֻһ˲֪
Ѿ佣ڵĵӣһ֮ͻõڴ󻪹Ǵ󻪹֮һЩ󻪹ཻڰ֮һЩɵص㣬ԼȽϳô֪
ϧ֪
ȻⲢӰʲôݿһ֮󣬱Ͳᣬ׼׷ȥ
ҵġ粽֮Ȼ죬֮쾳߻ҪһЩδ̫ࡣҡ粽ĳԼǿҺп׷ǣ־棬˵ȴǴƣЩߣҲܽһһȥˡ
ݵ¶˼âͬʱҲм
Ա֤ܷˣȴ޷ĹչԻɱ׷ȥκһˣڴܲĻ֮£ˮ
һʱ䣬ݵõͼĻᣬȻ
ֻǲ֪ӰͻȻͼ׳ȥԭΪˡ
ֹһ£Ҳûм룬׼ж
Ȼʱݵ£ȴͻȻһ󶯾
׼жȴɵһ٣̽ȥ
ֻǷűѹƵĻ鴤īΣƺǻعһЩվĻƺһŵҩȥ
΢ȴƬ̣ƺǳ³һȻһҡһҡģǰѾȫһƬĿչ֮У˹ȥ
ȴգһ۾ͣ˶Ŀ֮У¶˼ɻ󡭡
īΣʲôϷ
ݰüͷз𼸷ɻ󡭡


347 Źֵͷ
ͼȥƼ죬ЩһʱҲ׷ϡ
ִĴ֮УҪѰһݵʵȴвġ
ȻˣѰһһϢҪ˳ߣҲһ׵¡أǶڵˣöԼļصİɣʱ򣬿϶ǻһսʱ򡭡
ͷת˼֮󣬱ͣ˲ż׷ȥˡ
̽ͷȥĿ⼯īεϡ
Ϊ͸¶ŹŹ֣Ҫʲô

ݰʱ²Զ֮ͨУͬδжģзˡ
кī۽
վΣ̧ۿһۿչ֮Уǿ˵
ȵȵȡ
ȴǿīεΣȴǿ˵
ţɻüͷ
ǧѣɻ
ӿ˻һ֮ͻȻ¶һЦݡ
ص۾ʱһɡ
԰ǧѿɻأ붼˶żȥ׷ͼˣȻǽǧѸô
ǧѣƷıǺεǵõ
붼ˣȻⱦˣصҲ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ
£ǲôǰɡ
ȴ¶һ˿Ц
ղ˭£ԷʱҪӦȻⲻһɱͼѾ׳ȥǳԲ͸ǲǻŻһ࣬Ҳڴ˹ͣߣۣܷ֮ȱڴ˴ҿ˶ãͻɱˡ
˵
ԣȴǶʱɴ۾漴ЩżǻʲôȥǱõ˵ͼ붼ᣬֻѾûʲôˣܵõһƷҲ˰
żҡҡͷȻҲȫī֮оƣҲôͻġ٣ҲҪȷѰͼ֮󣬲Ż˻Ȼ׵ߣٶ졣Ҳֻ˲ٵٶȱȽϿѣҿҪѰͼҲҪķһʱǡҡ˫ҲȻöԷô׾ͻص
ӽļΪ͸һ˫۾ȴ˿չ֮УѾУһʬǰʲôĹŹͷīΡ
ͷ¶͸¶żֹŹ֣ǲǻˣҲ٣ҲҪ¶ԼеĿģһȷʵ֮ǲܶ֡򡭡
ҡҡͷ
½꣬ҲζᱦвᱦʵΪߵʱһֱ죬СĽ̬侲ͷԣνӹΰ
ȻˣȴֻһǼʶΣΪͷһʱȣֻᱦӵĶᱦ֮ˣһҽֵӡԲҪЩ˵ĺ󳾡
ǰͷһֱ͸¶ֹŹ֣ͷʵЩɲ޷ȷԷð˴˴ԵɣôҲĵġ
˵Ҳֵһۣ漴ǳĬѡӷӵİš
ཻ꣬˶ǰӵƢԡԷȻһΰòʵ˼ϸ壬Ǹཻ֮󣬶γһЩվ棬ΪǲŻΪģ
һΣٴѡжϡ
˶¿īεҪʲôʱīΣȴѾߵ˿չȵĴѾɢʬ壬һ˸飬ȴƺûзҪҵˡѾšظ֮ǰǸӶ˹ȥ
ʱ˴֮ǰ̽ף·ȥƬ֮󡭡

īΣͻȻЦ֮Уƺһ˿˵Ŀο֮Сȴ֮ͨй۲ĸˣ¶˼˿ɻ
īİأ벻벻ҲнգīңҲнհɣ
ţīεһ仰ȴˣٶȻ
īİأһ˵ʲô
㿴𣿿𣿣īİˣˣ֮飬Ҳ԰Ϣˣ԰Ϣˣθ磬δһƬ⣬īİأҵаȻɱǣȷҵϰ𣿣
īͻȻЦš֮У͸¶һ˿һ˿ƫִȻţЦȴֽĴһ˿ݱ˺ޡ
īΣȻͬһһ㣬ڵϺ
һĻֻ֮ͨеļߣȫǵɴ۾ãȻ֮ɫ
ǡʲô
صЩˡ
Ƿӵɫȴ˼ΣȴһƬࡣ
ҧأУȴ͸¶һ˵ɱŭ
ԭΪͷ͸¶ʲôŹ֣ԭȻô£
ͻȻֱˣ˵ĸо
ͷ쾳߲㣬ƽʱʲôطá쾳ڡķӸеʲôԾʵϣƽʱ࿴Էһ۵ȤҲûС
һˣһʱ䣬һص㣬ȴӴ˽Ȼͬĸо
ͷ͸¶ŹŹֹ֡Ź֣ΪһʵȴͻȻһȫǶָͷҲɽ֮ɱɱķĶᱦֳȻǲϳġ⣬Ҳͷ͸¶ġŹ֡
Ū󣬸ͷȻһΪ޶ŤǵķӣĿҲ롰˼顱˷ָֻҪīİǲѾˣ֮˵ôһλ
ΪЦǡһĿȷĺ쾳ͷȴӲǱƵذУһָͷҲ֮ܽ쾳ǿߣ˿Զ
ʲô˵ô
ͻȻоԼһֻĺӣһ·˵ΧȥȴţԼԣԼҪӦôڱԼͬʱǼŪ֡ȴû뵽ˣǲԼġңֻ·
ڡҪô
ؿ˺һۣЩεҡҡͷӡ
ӽҧأĿĶڵ֮ϣʱޣʱЦ״ͷ
ɱ
ƽ˵ôһ仰ӵ壬ѾҲƲסı˳ȥֱӳųеͷȥ
ݣ
ҵƿȻ쾳߲ͷܿס쾳ڡΪķӺŭһ
һ˲俨˺ͷɾĵأ漴ԴĴ֮Ϲ䵽˵ϡѪ˳
һĻӸ޹⣬Ť뿴ϵͷ
ӰһĻУҲ˷ӵߡ


348 ϲ
ˣǳ˿ӶԵ֮ϡ
һĻȴԶС
΢һ˿ɻ
˵ĿȻͼͼѾ˴˲ȥ׷ȴɱǹŹͷ
ȻΪǧˡϧһֱڣǧԣ˵ΪǷѽ⡣
ѽѽ⣬ݵҲ˵ʵԲ޵ķʸġǳȻԵɡ
עŵҪǺ«ʲôҩ

ǧѣ䡭ף
ڿڣȻ˵һ룬ȴͻȻһ٣ݶʱһ䣬ѿ
ô
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ǧѲڴ˴
Ŀз˵
ʲô
Ҳɫһ䣬ǿʶʱŴ֮ɨȥȻɫҲǱѿ
ȷڣ
ôܣӷŵڣҲδ붼˽֮аǧѣô᲻ˣ
Щŵĵ˵
ǧƷ˭õˣֶԲ׷ŹǸղţ붼δֳȫĳ桭ôѾˣ
ݱòݡ
ǲڷ׳ͼ֮˵ϣһüͷĿһࡣǿʶʱӹһʬ塭ǻʦֵʬ塣
Ƭ֮󣬺еҲ΢һ漴ҡҡͷڡ
ǧȥĶˣܾܲƽʧ˰ɣ
صɴ۾˵
һԵķҲǱ˼ΣļȻͻȻɫһ۾һˣƷϵı˻ԣ˲ݵ֮£һʱص˵ϡ᲻ᡭ
˵۾ʱ˳ȵĹâٲɣһӣʱһ⻪ӿ˳ֱӳǴ֮ȥƬ֮Ӱǹ⻪Ӵ֮У
Ůˡīīնˣ
ŮҲ˻Ե״̬ƮڿУ·һ˫εĴ֣˵𣬻ƶ˿ӶԵ֮ϡ
е۾ҲһϽߵ˽ǰĿ⳯ŵϵλŮӿȥ
ȻŮǱһɳǣһƬǽ壬ֱ治˭˭Ǽλ΢ŵĺֻ˶ҪΪֻʬˡ
ӵǧѵģһλ
ظϽѯʷӡ
ȴҲֻ֪Ϊ֮ǰ˸ĴѶ֮УֻἰǧѵһλŮӣòΣȴ޴ӵ֪
Ⲣʲô⡣
һȣЦ˵˭ɱˣǧҲԼˡ
ʹ󣬻˵һ㣬˶֪ġ
۾㶼һ漴˵ͷ
ȴҲܴ⣬Ʒǡ顯Ѿһ˿ʶ⣬һŮɱҪҽǧѹסɶˡ
漴ȴ˵
Ʒ޽ӽؼĴڡҪڰؾ硱﷽ǿƣȻѾ˷֮
ؼȻ࣬ڡؼĴȴǺܶġ
ÿһؼѾӵԼʶǻ֮ߣѷɫࡣһЩƾõġؼ֮໹ҪӵļթƻǧȻǡؼΪƷҲѾһЩʶ
ӵ˵ʱ󲿷ֵ鶼˵ʶ֮Уʶûʲô֡һ壬ӵеһ˿ǣȴԲˡ
ãϾҲֻһ˿ʶѣǾԲͬؼһѣûСؼԪΪõбʣҲֻСʰˡԻжǡ쾳ڡΪԣҪ˲ѹҲû⡣
Զһ漴֣صĵ˵ͷĿӹŮӡ
ףһ¡
ڴʱǺȴǾһ
ضһ㶣ɻĿ
ֻߵ˻еīīߣӣƬ֮󡭡
⡭ǡ
еͻȻ¶һ˿ϲ֮ɫ漴ֱֻȴһŤͷŻ뷽ӹЦѾˣŮӣǧѵˣ
ţһ漴ĿȴǼ˺е֮ϡ
һɫɰ
ǡ
һ㶣ȴҲ۾һ֮Ҳʱ˼־ϲ֮ɫ
Ҳ֪Ů֮᪻оһʲôݣƷżΪĴݣֻⴢ֮еıǲٰ
йЦⴢǴϲ
ڵ֮˵ǿǱѵõıֻΪⱦʵ̫㣬ȴ̫ѵá
ţֻдﵽˡھ족ģԿռ䷨Ѿһ
еߣںܶʱķһЩ֮ȴΪЯòʹ֮ǰݣ֪ѪͫмֵΪЯò֮һôһ֮һͺˡ
֮⣬֮ߣһûһЩ֮Щµˡڸ֮ۡУȴҲġһЩҩ֮ĶЩǾ֮ؼʱʹõõǿԾԼġҲΪЯеʱ򲻵òһЩԼҸ֮ۡСƽʱûʲôǹؼʱ̣ǡþõŵ֮ԼӵУȴΪ޷Я˸֮ۡУյԼɥ˭ȥ
һͲͬˡʲôԴߣΪ㡣ʹҲΪ򵥣ֻʶ̽룬ҪʲôͷһͿԳԼСʹõõ֮һɱﵣҲδزɡ
룬˽ս֮УԷķԼ޷ƿԷд󣬵ؼʱԼͻȻһУЧָΣ
ԣⴢȻΪƷֵԲ͡ȲƷıƷıҲԶԶǷһ㣬˶Ĳˡ
и˵ģֻõһҪԭ򡭡
ǾǣⴢǴıﰡ
Լ˵ġŮ֮᪻еĵλƲ͡仰˵һһСͱأ
᪻Ժ󻪣
ҩ
᪻ųƷĵҩ֮УǿɶǵġһЩҩӵΪͻƿϹЧŮӵݣּĵҩĴ֮УҲһûУ
ѿ˴죬һԵĻ뷽ӣҲ۾˸ĺЦ
ϲȷǴϲ
˶˷ܲѵʱȴûκ˷֣Ǻи߾ŴЦʱھǧ֮֮ͨУһ˫۾ȴ͵һ漴ȴ¶˼ɫ


349 ⶯

һ漴üͷͬʱԺ֮УҲ漴ֳһһӰ
Ůһ֮ĵ׷𼸷ŮӡݼȻ̡
Ůӵע⣬ǴһʼԣܲǵöԷĴ
֮ؾ뷽ˣԼĪǧ࣬Ȼ쾳Ŀ룬ȴҲܿ
ǺвǴ߾ΪλŮһǽ廹޷ݱϳȻƫǺнһʱ棬Ŀһۣһۣȴϳ˴
ԣ֪˸ǰŮӵˡ
ŮīաԭҲī֮ˡ
ֻŮԷС㣬ȴ֪Է֡ŮӣҲī֮ˡ
ôطӣǴҪɱ˶ᱦˡ
벻һ쾳ΪλȻȴˣɱ˶ᱦͷˡ
ڵҾ뵽ǴȻ˵졣û뵽бˡ
ݲǧѵ飬̸֮ҲСǧݣҲСǴݻǶԷŮӵĴҪɱ˶ᱦ
üͷȴǷԥ
ڴܾ¶ԷΪֻһ˶ѡҪ͵Ϯݣȴйչȱ͵Ϯɷ
·ˣǴ쾳ΪֱӶ֣ȫֵܵյ³пǾ˲ɷɱ
ǻˣ߿ҲˡҲʥ͵Ĵˡ
ǣͷȴЩԥϾŮǵһͷ֮ˡ
üͷĿȴǳɨһۡƬ֮εҡҡͷ
ӪȴŮκ治ˣչȼΪտȻЩӶĴڣΡµĹʵƣҪһԽ쾳߻ɱգ֪
ھŮɱˣ˱Ǿʹ뿪ͼҪҲա
ЩԥʱǷӹЦ֮ȴ̧һϹ⻪΢Ҫ֡
һҪ֣ͷٶ͵һȻ漴ȴӹһ˿âһҧ
˰ˣһΣһɵ˰ɣ
뵽ȴǺɣֱץһʯͷ˷ȥͬʱһΣ粽ʱֻһ˲䣬˿չ֮УȴûΡ
չѾһƬ棬и֮ǰЩǿµĿӿӶȻҪظΣȴǲڻµġ׳ʯͬʱΣҲͬʱһӶ֮С

ݣ
ҵƿ֮ݵû˲䣬ͻȻڷ˶
¶ϲɫ׼Ҫֽīķӣͻƿ֮ʱѾ͵ͣ˶ţǼһźӰԼ˹
ʲôˣ
һ㶣ȴһ䣬ͬʱΡ
һźӰȻδ̺ǿҵ־֮ͻȻ֣ȴ˿Ҵ⣬æ˹ȥ
ǺӰȻ죬ԷӵٶȣҪܵҲ£һ֮󣬴߷˹ȥæʱһŤͷֱǺӰ䵽˵ϣȴһ㵡
ǺӰһȭͷСʯ顭
ʯ飿
ʵЩɲ
ڷӶ֮ʱߵĺضҲڵһʱ䷴Ӧݾͬʱ϶ʱһǿҵʱڳٴеģͬʱĿ⳯ʯķȥ
壬տĹ㳡֮ϣһ˿ӰҲûС
Ȼȴδ˿ɣڰڳ̵ͬʱǿƥʶҲǺɨ˳ȥ
ʶѾɢ׿⡣Ϊ쾳ڡǿߣ˵ʶΧǿᣬﵽķΧ
֮ǰһֱûбҪԲδȫɢȴȫչ˿ʶͬһ쫷磬Ȼι
ûˣ
һɨ֮󣬲޷֣˵ȴδ˶ء
ʶ޷ֿ֣̽ܡ
һ֣ûʹĳϢҩ򹦷
ڶ֣ԷʵǿԼ
ǵһ֣ǻ˵ǵڶ֡
˵ɫʱѿ
ͼǸΪǿĶǿߣǾԲе⡣
ǸеģͼѾ˳ȥûչ֮תƣ
ʵЩɻˡ
ԷΪǧѣ
ʶ֮Уصص˷еԺ֮С
֪׳ʯͷʲô˼
̫죬ͬʱģиɻ
ȴûжʱͨе硣гӦʶɨϣѰһ˿˿˫ͫǷ˵Ĺâǽǿƥӿȫʱпܱ
أٻī۽񡯣
ӵϣǻشȵ
ӵķӦǡѾͼᣬܵõǧŮӵĴѾǲСȻͼӵҲ־棬ռñ˵ĿѾС
û飬ʶʱֻæݵ˼ӡǣһĨâʱֱʶȥ
½еԡ鵤Ϊֶεġš鵤ʹõģһЩӡǡڡؼ֮еһ֡
أżȻ֮䣬ħƼ֮ʱһ߲Ƶʬ֮ϣѰġ鵤Լ֮ġ

ٴе˲˷ӦһߣһӶ֮еݣȴתšһ˲ҵĿӶ֮С
֮ͫУ΢΢˽ɫĹâһ˿ϢƬ֮󣬻뵽˽â֮С
ݾ֣ôһȻҪϷӵжһʯ飬ɹһ㡣
ڶ㣬Ҫѡһ˲׵Ĳ֮
ûݵĹչȷˣɱ쾳ڵκǿߡⲢʾžûʲôˡ
֮һݵʶݣδǿᵽ˲ɰʮεʶƵԼչḶ́ݣҪʱ䡣
֮ʶǿȣԶԶʶҲֻ̽⵽Բ׷Χ֮ڣΧʱҪ࣬޷
ݵʶ֮УȷһƬĪʶΪԴԴϵṩʶ֮ʶ־öȾ˵ǿᡣǣʶ֮Уƺһֹʹóȼʶ֮


350 ֮
Ҳ˵ʹõʶȻֻ쾳ڵĳ̶ȰˡֻʶʹãҲͬҲ޷
ҪʶʹΨһİ취⾳Ƚף
Ƚסڡȼ쾳ڡ쾳ڣͬġȼȴͬһȽס
ֻͻһȽסŻнһɱ䣬ʶʣҲһһԣϸ˵ʶ֮쾳ڡʱ򣬳ΪݵĸΪӦ֮⣬δж
ȻֻҪ̤쾳ǾͽȻͬˡʱʶ֮˲Բһﵽĳ̶ȣ֮쾳Ҫֹ
ȻͻơҲ¡Ѿ˹ʶѾһЩʡ䣬øΪ
Ȼûжһ֮ҵĲȴǿˡʹֻҪʮϢʱ䣬Ϳɹ⵹Ǹƽ˼ʵ
ڶ̶̵ʮϢ֮У˰ʮεʶƵԼչḶ֮́ǰʮϢ
ʮϢʮϢƽʱʲô˽սĹ֮УϢ֮п֮𡭡쾳ĺôһĿȻ
㣬ҽ롮쾳۷塯̣Ҫٽһ߰ϢҰɣˡ쾳ʶһȵʱѹ֮ڣҲǲܡ
аš
ʱ䣬ɲΪһޡ޽ӽ޵ʱÿôϢ˲Ϣǧѡ
ݵ㣬Ҫ˲Ϣ̣취
һȫʹԼʶһʱ䣬ڴ˹֮У֮һЩרʶзʽܴԼʶݷŵܴ֮ﵽһתĿ̶ֲȣ
ζʲôζţԺʲô칦ֻҪһתܹó
ʲôҪ֪ѧ֮Կֲ˹ط
ȻطʶԪĲƵټ⾳Щ׽һЩѧ֮еķӡʵҲǰһɵĴڡ
һתҲ˵һҪƵһµѧŵֻҪһͷͿֱʹãҪǷŵս֮ϣռ˶ıˣռ˶ƣһĿȻˡ
Ȼ־磬߾硣֪һѡǼ򵥵ġ֮еļҲ֪ˡ
ڶ취ŬУﵽ쾳ϵĳ̶ȡ
ȵ̶ֳȣʶٶʱ䣬ԽӾȻԶԶﲻһתĿ̶ֲȡһʮתȴҲ׾ٵġ֧ݵĹչ˲伤
ȻĿǰԣǿʼȫйǴﵽ쾳˵̫ңԶˡҪģȴӦľ棡
ݲ̽ͷȥֻΪֻʱʱ̶̿עΧκһ˿紵ݶ̽ͷΪˡ
ãʶǲκεطġΪȫת˹ĹԼʶѾͨʮεıƵﵽһ֡ʱ䡱ĳ̶ȣ֡ʱ䡱̶ȣ֮Ϊ˹δʹ֮ʱĳ̶ȿҪ࣬ʹʶԷҲ޷
ݵӽͻȻһĪı仯ֻ˫֮ͫнâ磬һ˿صɫȻתڼ䡣ȻǣͻȻһƬڰ֮У򰵣ͬһԾݵĹ⻪ǳԺ֮С
Щ⻪аΪעĿҪ״ˡ
Ƿˣ
˵ġ֮𡯺ǿң֮֮ǰҪǿҼ֡ӣǵʵ֮ϣ
ݶӦ
֮𡱣ǹ֮¼֣ʵָģ֮УΪĵĴڡ
֮ʢ˵Ƴǿǿᡣ֮Ȼǡ֮𡱾Ϩ˵Ҳߵ˾ͷ
ʹɱһЩˡаһʼܵޣϵ쾳УԼ֮ǰɱѪͫҲѾܽһЩ顣
ݵһʹùʱɱͷ֮ʱԷ֮ƮƮ죬һƬɫӰȥΪݻɱͺ
ȻǴϵ쾳֮ʱݱǶʱڶԷʶ֮УԾ֮ģѾΪӣ֮ޣ֪Ҫǿ˶ٱâ
֮ͷԷ֮𣬾Խʵȫǰ֮쾳ĺУҪǿ
ǰ˵֮𣬸ޱȣѾһ˿ʵʵı仯ݺɣǴﵽ˵쾳ٶʱǵ֮ʵʻǸʱݵչĺ⣬Ҳ޷вˡ
⣬ҲݵĹչֻܻɱ쾳ǿߣȴԵ쾳ǿ߲ûжвԵɡ
еһѾ˵һԾǨˡ
һ꽫ĴڣѾԶʱ뿪塣
֮ʱݵأҲС
Ȼܷɵֻ꣬屾ȥԷ򲻴ﵽĳ̶ȣ޷еġ޷Ԫʶ֮壬ҲǲκιԡȲ֮£סһֶΰˡ
ң״̬̫־ãֻΪȱʶıӣ֮ÿһʱÿһ̶ɢš֮ȫɢʱҲͱ־Ĵʧˡ
ǣеڰ쾳ĳ̶ȣȫʵ廯֮ѾǿĲ񻰣пܳʱĴ֮䡭Ȼ֡ʱ䡱ҲԶԵġ㡣
˵㡭ǵھ쾳ߣҲǧѡ㣬Ŀɲֻʮǧô򵥡
һܹͻˡھ족֮󣬲Żס㣬ʲôɣ
ȻһУµ˵Ե̫ңԶϾڣҲֻһ쾳ڵСһѡĪ˵ʲô졭ڶ죬ҪиŬܹﵽ
֮ǽ˸ƣŮ˵
ݵĿ֮зһ˿Ĺâ漴ٳɣʡʶʱ̽Ӷȥ׼֮УеһˣʶʱŶԷüģһԾ룡


351 ɱ
һֱûж
ݵипһֱȫתмĹ˵ʵϣֻǹȥʮϢʱѡ
سſзһɫâ֮󣬱ͬжˣһͬйעΧľ
ⷽƺҲҪīնɱֻǾĿܡ
ƷѾһ˿ǵĴڡɱҪŪһЩСġ֮ǰûʲô󡰴쾳ڡѹһʧȥԪܵ飬ڳʲô
µľ棬ȻǲôˡֻΪԱߣĳĽ֮У˻ĶءǴʱʲôʣпܾͻӭԷǵصĹʱ򣬿¾͵ʴףƷǲ׵ˡ
Ȼʾⱦδɱīֻһ˶ʱԾǷݱϣֻҪ֮жע⣬Ҫ˳ûϮôߵӴΣ
ǱϳΣʱԼ뵽ħƼ䣬Ѱһɽһ㡭˭ҵԼǧΪϣǴ֮еһҩܣʱҪһٵ׶Σ
ͷһ鷳¡Ҳûʲô뿪˴ȡǧѣѰὫ˸ɵҲˡڵһʱ
̴죬Ȼߵ˶Ǳ桭
Ҳ档ǿߣԶҪĽɫͱ壬˽ֵ֮⣬κ˵ǵĿУһָͷҪ
֪ⷽԼ˺пҪڷʱȴֻǼΪĮһԴͿɼԡʼԼͬ飬ΪԼıȡĺôҲ֮еġ
ıһУȴȻ޾ȻĴķκεһ˿ϸϸİڡ
һֱûж
еĻҲ΢һüͷʰһԼ顣룬Ҫ׼˵Ȼ䣬ȴڴʱͻȻ
ֻġ࣡һ죬漴һ˿֮ͻȻԼԺ֮УĻص
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޴ӷӦȻɫȻ䣬عԼԺ֮ʲôӶҪתʶֵʱֻġ䡱һԺ֮𣬽ţһɱϢһ־Եѹ˲䣬ɨʶ֮С
˲ɴ۾Ȼ˲Ϣ֮ʧȥϢ
ǵɴ۾ƺ¶һ˵ľʡԼһ˿˿ɻ󡭡
Ϊʲôң
һֱһ룬δعһСĽǸȻƾͷԣɹеˡ쾳ڡգֹǧһδζΪġһֱΪ
ȻôȴҲ벻ͨǷʲô¡Լһ٣ٶСĽȴȻ³
ȻҲûлȥˡӵоѵġָ֮гǿɱ֮Ĺ̥Ҳͱÿˡ
ĸǰһܱʣʶ幫ﷶΧ֮ػɨȴΩ󲻹һ׵ĵط֮£ӵǣȻûаַӦ

һǣûз֡
ݵӽǣ»ָӽǡ۽ǣȴļȻһȻ¶һ˿΢Ц
ÿʹһΣҪһΡɢ֮ǰȴĿ˲ɱˣڱɱ֮ȴδеȥ˵ء
ñѾת׼ͣ˶漴¶Цݡ
һΣ˳
쾳ڵʵʮݰһҲ˼һִֻġԹչ͵ϮȴϢ֮䣬ȻһĨɱǹչܣԳ֮ΪԵ
ҪĽ֮Ǽĳ̶ȡǸһֲֿ
ݼѾ
ãһεĳɹδݴ⡣˳ӽ֮ת˹̶ʮϢȻݵ֮УٶȷǹɹӽǡУʣµ֮Ȼҫ֮
ݵǷһ˿Цݣڳɣʶ֮һŵڶĿü֮Ȼ롭


֮УͻȻˣʱ̧ͷȥֻһɫӰڴ˿̣ļȻ
һǾӰ۾ʱһзȻһâɳֱֱǾӰȥƬ֮ûǾӰϣʧ
ǾӰҲ˲Ϣ֮ٶ
ʱŷ֣һͷ޴ķޡα֮֮ǰġа񡱻ҪǸߴϼ֡ǡаӵʶĴڡͷޣȴȻǻ۲ߣܱͣߣȻֳһ˿ɫĺ⡣
Żеâλãüġ
½õķ֡
һ֣ǵõ鵤롰֮ԡ鵤ջ֮ԡ֮ԡ鵤ҩǿвٿĳͷޣΪԼַǴ½Ϊһַ˶ɵġ뷽跨Ū鵤롰֮ѰЩޣղ֮
ַɹʺܸߣֻҪȥЩӵвʶ޻߸߳Լ̫ȽԼ߳鵤̫Ƚ׵ޣвеġ
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ڶַǴСĳ޵̣֮ͬͬ˯顣ʱƣ˫Խ񣬵ȵȫ֮󣬱ǿΪ˵սеұˡַʽֻɱ¾֮Ĳôصޡޣûи߽׵ģֻǸ߽׵̫ϡ١ģֻǵһƷڶƷˡ˵ȼ֮󣬶˵սҲûжٵİ
֣Լս޵һ硣޵˼άɱ¾ͬʱҲ˼¡ӵǿѹԷһͷʵôɱԷϳ֮£ſȻ֮շ˵õһ˵ʵΪǿᣬȻѪһȴǼΪҪһѱ䣬ȫԷġ
ַֻȻַ֮Ϊѵһ֡ޱ֮ѲĴڡ򲻹ĵˣ˫һҪɿ룬ǺɵġҪ뽵һͷޣҪ£ſܲߡܳɹô˵ʵǸ߾׽ҲȫȻûʲô塣ңֻܹˣҪ뿿ַʽԼѰȴҲˡ


352 еĿֻ
ֻӿµķ޵˫ͫͲѷ˷ݣǻԵһַǿƿסġ
ȻȻ˼ǣϾҲǷޡĿǰ־ԣȫ˵ġ
У֣񱳣
һ߽䱸ܣһ߿˵
һֱڣ˿δķѾ
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ͬҲδǵʶȫ˿ȥ۲ÿһطȴ˽֮ĵط
ҲܹǣһֱڣǵĸӦ֮УǷƽ˾ģ˭ôı쾳ǿߵȫ䱸֮УϢɱˣ
˵ĻǵǿߣҲ޷쵽
ԣвδ˿ĳɣһԾԾǿʵ֮ϣʶȻ䱸ͬʱȻվŵķӻ֣콫Ůӡ
һ룬ȴ͵ĶסţеͻȻü𾪵˵ͷƤȻһ顣
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е˵ӣ͸¶ľ˾㤡ŮӻصͷҲһһʶŤͷԤҪоǿʲô˷ʧ
ȻڻŤͷĿⴥ֮ȫֳһѾȫʧȥķ֮ʱʶ֮УȴͻȻһ˿𶯡
ɻлУֻġˡһ죬ţԺ֮һɺ΢ȻʶһƬڰ
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һߣлһȫĴ״̬һߣص壬ѾϢĪģ˵ϡ
أ
صʱ˴״̬֮еĺУ͵Ťͷ漴һ˫۾Ȼɴ󣬼ɳۿ
ڵϵĻزĿһ㾧ɫıϣһԵķӣһޣ
л͵һ˲ɷסһɺ⣬˲Խŵ״ֱð֮ϣһ־㤵Ϣ˲䣬ȫ
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ǿߣһǣһǣ򣬷ȻϢĽɱ
Ժвôһ֪ʱ򣬺лɢɫ԰׵û˿Ѫɫ
֮ʾߣ֮ĵȼͬʱÿһ磬ҲŸԲͬĽ־Ե
һ죬쾳ʾӺ̤֮֮Ҳеĵ·֮еˣӵйͨ족֮һġ족ķ֮֮ɱУܱ֮쾳ǿʮֹΪǿᡣ
ڶ죬Ϊ쾳׶εߣӵйͨ족֮һ족֮ӵ쾳ͬʱ漰һΣʼԼꡣʶ꣬ĳ쾳ĳ̶ȡΪ̶ȣʶĲԸǿʹͬһѧǵ֮쾳Ҫǿ࣬ʩչٶҲҪࡣǵڶؾ硣
죬Ϊ쾳⾳ߣӵйͨ족֮һ족֮ǰĻ֮ϣ쾳ߵǿΪʵԼġꡱ

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Ϊһ׶εˣ˵꣬Ǻ϶ΪһġеģԼֱ꣬ĳһͻĳƣ翵꣬ʵĸ塭壬㱻ꡱ
⣬ĵһ׶Ρ
ͻ˴쾳̶֮󣬱Ǳ־ţߵУǽ뵽˵ڶ׶Ρ׶Ρ
׶εߣԭ翵꣬Ѿʱ䣬һʵԵĸһĴڡ׶εߣѾʱԼ塣˽սֻҪꡱܵԵĴԽʬ꣬»Ǵﵽ׶ε߲Ρ쾳ʱѾȫʵǿᵽáʶ֮Լԣ˷ݵأܡΪˡ
쵽죬׶Ρ׶Ρ
Ȼͻ׶Σǽ뵽˵׶Ρ׶Ρ
ΣꡱѾʵĲ񻰣ǳʱ壬Ҳܴ֮䣡
ǧݡЩ˹;ò˼飬׶εܹġ
ԪתΪһ֮
С֮һֽ֮֮ԹŹֵ뷨֮£ȴֳ뷨֮ϣƮƮ죬ȴΪǿ󡭡
˵еһһġԾǨ
̶ȵߣֶΣѾǰ׶εǰ㵥һֻ㲻ģûġܾ죬ͬˡ
⣬Ҳֽ׶εġ硱֪֮һ׶Ρ
֮һʲôĴڡȴѾֽ׶εġ硱ˣˡ
ǰȻ塭ҲֻѡϾ죬ǲӵС֮ġûСܹ֮ûκɱԵġϾҪط򣬲Ҫʶ֮ĲҪԪ֮ϡȱһ޷ġ
Ȼ֮治СһЩصҲǷǳǡ깥šһ֡
ܹһ׶εߵ꣬תһơ֮ʵ˸еЩ˼顣
ֻǳǳĺЩϹؾ֮¶ġĪ˵һǴ󻪹Χ֮УˣҲ֮١
ң˶ܣҲԴﲻϢɱ쾳ǿߵĳ̶ȡǵҲ
ǻܹɱȴϢϾ쾳ߡ꣬ҲѾΪʵȻδȫͣҪ΢һЩֿҲĵġȻʲôá٣Ҳᾪߵˡ
ֻеϵߣֻԼ֮ߣܹ֮䣬ɱӰ٣Ϣ
ԣеһӦͼ˵ϵľǿˣ
ּǿߣǷŵ󻪹֮УҲǼΪμһŵĴ֮УҲһϵϯ֮ȣһϣһͬһ
ˣˣС˳˴ᣬ
֮ϣﻹа֮ǰĳ侲¶֣̿иĲѡʶ޷̽ⷽԲ֮˴ڡ
ԽȴԽǽͷҡ


353 ݵĿ
µͷޣڻһ˲䣬ҲѾȥǡ֮İԵ֮
˻ţûʶֻܻеӷӡָӡһ֮еĹʱҪƻѾ޵֮꣬Ҳ̼
ԣĻҲûС
ȻѾ϶ذǵǿߣ޻ܷУƺҲ˿
ߣѾӵзݵصۡ족ˡ
Уһǵؽءڶǵؽءһǵھ죬Ŀǰ֪ľ硭
⿲һһѣÿһȹʱǳʼεı
۷ߣȫûа취سڵ߿ġΪѾһΡ
һûȹܿѾȹ˵ڶĴڣ
ԣг˿ڰΰеĸִ󷢴ȱķŹԼ֮⣬˿Ķ
ƽʱԺе־˵ܣ޲ߵԴС£ȴˡ
ֻΪϢ
ǡ깥ط˶Ҫֿһ£˵ͨǣǸ˿ֿûУϢȥ
˵ؾϵǿ֮⣬˭
ʵŻˣҲԽԼĲ²û˿Ĳеϵǿߣͼˡ
չ̫ҲֻоŵˮбԴ֮Ķ
½һֹ󣿾˵һ䣬ŻʲôоֻҪϸһ룬дˡ
춼롰أ󻪹
ĸ֮ۡ䣬ݾʮʱ䣬Ŵ춼ϵ룬Ͳ˵ˡ
ʹ󻪹ԣ춼롰ֻƫԶضѣʮ֮ŲϺšĸ֮ҲͿˡ
ʮ֮ۡ⣬󻪹ӵ֮ؼҪ󣬸ΪٵĶǣ
˴Ҳֻһ󻪹ѡ
󻪹½ʲôԶ˵ڴ󻪹࣬ҡңûκһұȴ󻪹С
ң󻪹ڣڴ½ϵλãҲֻƫ֮ء½ģ֪жԶ
УŲ֪ٺ
ƴ󻪹ִвʤ
һֹ󡭡
˹֮ϣչˮ֮Դȴֻоŵ⣬һ
ȻŹλǷȥ룿
ԣԼĲ룬϶ˡ

һ߰ģȴðе΢¶˼ɻ
Ȼͷ룬ǲϢ֮䣬ɱ쾳ڡǿߣں˵һִ̼뵽˵쾳ֲֿڡ
Ȼ֪뵽ʲôŹȴǲܵġ
΢ɻ֮ȴɣ֮Уһ˿ǳɫ뾧ɫĹâٶȸ˳
ݲɱ֮ˣͬҲĴ֮˵ΪҲǿеģԼ֣ǣֻŮѾһʬ壬ˣѾǷԶݶȥ˰ɣ
ԣݿȻɱ˶ᱦ֮ģӦҲҪбɱľ
ˣǾԲŹġ
οηŹԷ
ԷȻǱʲôŵѾЩɵˣǷ޵ıϣȴֻһģû뿪˼ȴҪȥͼ뿪һ¶ʱҪܷŵ
ǺŮӱɱ֮ʱʲôҲ룬Ͻ룬ȻҪ֮ɱҲ
쾳ߡȻٶĽߣҲ쾳ڵ׷ϵġʶɱ˷ΧҲʵ̫ޡֻǷԲЧѡΧѾԸǡ
ϧбԼŻˡԼȻɣҲһġ
쾳ڡߣʶΧַԲͻƵ֮ⷶΧŵʮڵǿ߶ԣԲǧƿ֮£
ӣӵʲôطȥӣԭأԷŹԼһЩ
оģҲġԣڻʮϢ֮һ˿ʶںûκβ£Ժ֮С
عԺ֮еһͷǷһƬ
ΪʲôǲϷŹңѾֿ㣬ʲôǿߣ
ɻ󼰶ԶԼֵġǿߡǴ𣬺ڸеʶ֮΢һ֮ʶһƬڰ

û뵽Ȼô򵥡
һֱеϢȫʧݵβŴӲĴ֮˳˵ʬ֮ǰһһһһʬ֮ȴҡҡͷ
ճ֮ʱԶû뵽̾Ȼ˳һƶûУڶ̶̵ʱ䣬쾳ڡǿߣһһɱ
ΪŻΪѵһսû뵽ʵǡ෴֮ǰѪͫһΣһΣΪɵġ
չ⡮쾳µս֮Уɵ˼㡭
š
еûʲô뷨ֻΪǳʵ˵еκһˣɱһ˿ҲûС
֮ȡ˳ɼչ̡
ǣƿ˷ʸҲûСûݸӽǵĻҲûС
ֽԼɱݱ˾޵սȡ˻Ի͵ս
ԣսƻԻͣݵҲûʲô԰Щվ
ϾΪٵĶҲԽԽǿ󡣵Ǹʱ򣬹չϣҲҪˡ
ݵĿֻ꣬ǻ켣ڴ쾳µȺô
Ȼǡ
ļǵԼһνӴһ֮ϼʶ۵ʵʱĵµԡ
۷壡ݵĿꡣ
۷壬۷塭ǣ֮ϵ۷壬۷壡
ȻĿڿʵڵ̫ңԶ̫ңɼⲢӰʲô
һѹͷһ˿Ŀ˵ʬ֮ƿһԵĶŮϡ
Ȼһ֮ݵȴǸֳ˿Ź֡
Ů״̬ɾԳƲϺãϢΪȫԡͷţһƬȥǱ
һξ㣬û뵽־㡭
Щεҡҡͷ
˵ʱǲӦóֵġϾ̫󡣶ΪôһðַգôΪ


354 ˲
ΰҪֵһ˲䣬ȴҲٵȲȥ޷ĿŮ
ָом鲻Խһڴϣɱ֮֮ǰ̲ס
ѵϲˣ
йŹֵɫԽӵŨ
һҡҡͷջĿ⣬תֿ˿˵ʬ壬˹ȥ
ݵûǣ˿Ǵ쾳ǿߣϵĲƸǺܷġ
ߵǺ޵ߣӺе䣬ŮӵĴȡ
ŴϸĶһ
ⴢͷܶΣȻĽӴȴֻǵһΡ
ţⴢƽûʲôֻǴ渨ԵıʵҪƴֻеھ죬ѾӴ˿ռ䷨ܹռ֮͡
Ȼһڵھǿ˵ķʲô˭һû¶ⶫԼΪԼ֮⣬Ǹǿ߻ûƴˣ
ԣͨԣܹõģΪ񱳾
Ȼʷ֮ƳвǶٰǧꡭÿ춼ȥÿ춼໥ᡣȻҲ˳
ǣˣһǼΪĴڡ֮ˣһЩܹ֮ҵĻеĴ쾳ɢ޵ĸ쾳ߣԵõһġ
ݾͷȥĶеĴ
ȴ֪ʲôģȥǸ˿˶١ͬһҡڽҵĿӱԵӹᴩԽϿӡ
ŮӵĴ·ɫһģɫϵʱ򣬲ǿңһװƷһ㡣
ôӣȴײôĶ
ʵЩš
ҪһǲһӣȴǳϵϵĽʵݵʵҲûһ˿ģݲҡͷ档
оһ֮ҡҡͷҲ⣬ϣעе˺еʬ档
ֱ֪Ҫġ
Ȼһֹ̡ûԹ⣬ߺߡһʱ䣬ҲǰôҲûС
ⴢŮӣŮнⴢĹϵ֮֮ĻҪǿеõһ¶ҪŮӸɱˡ
ݼȻȻҲͲԼˡԽǴһ֮󣬽עתƵ˺ʬϡ
ںеʬ֣صĵطûзŹյõĶȴǲǿ⡣֪ʲôЧҩ֮⣬ֻмԼƱ
ǻˣ¶ʱҪƱôһʺư
ϧݲˡҲˣ֮ԣѾû̫
ԭָŴϵõһķҵĴ󱯷ơڿ֪գϲδؼҪ
вźš
⵹Ҳɱ˶ᱦĹǳɹȻǺһʡʧܣǾһˡ
ɱˣⲻҪչһ١
ʱ򻹴ʲôҪƷǿԼ˵ʵһ˶ҪȻȥ
ԣһҪʲôΣյʱ򣬴󲿷ֵǿߣὫȽҪĶһ֮ƽȻ˵ǳʲô⡭ЩٲᱻɱԼĵ˶ȥ
½Ķġ֮˵Ҳγɵġ
½ʷƾãֹǿù֮ݿ¶Աһɽ֮Уż뵽һЩǰµĲرĸۡӶһʺƣҲʵ㲻ʲô¶
ҡҡͷеʬѾûʲôֵתȥصʬ壬ûʲôõ
˵ҲŮһöü֮ɷƽ˼ӢҲһζ
״ȴЩԴһɫ͸ǱһܿɴŵļãȻ
ϾŮˣȻѾˣݵҲûŮʬİáֻ΢̽һ£ܲĵطңû˽ܵĵطȥˡ
ҲûбҪ
صϣͬҵϵĵҩһģһҩ裬ȴȺж˼ţš֮⣬ҲһЩ˵ôĶ
˼׼ݵҲûжʧֻЩĿ˿еҩ衣
⵽ʲôҩ裿ʲôЧ
ݽҩڱǶᣬϧлŲ˿ζ
ֱ治ҩ辿ʲôҩ裬ʲôЧЩй
ŹȻ̫һЩӣǰ佣ڱҪӿһЩٶˡ
佣ڣݲ̤硣ǸʱһõʲôҲ޷ֱûЧ˵Ἣ
еĵ·ϣһ·ˣеٶҲӵĿ죬Ҳӵ˳ڴš
Ůӵʬ壬δõʲôֵĶߵΰʬĸǰ
һֱڣӵʬ廹ŵġ
Ϊ̫ͻȻͻȻ嶼ӦѾȥԣһֱŲ̬һ˲䣬Ҫֿļȴһ˲ӲȻ˲ԣֱֱܹվš
һĺͻȻĻأȻͬ˲תӵʱ˲ȥģ崦һ˶״̬һֱڱ䶯ȫ޷ģŵ˵ϡ
֮ǰĹ۲죬ѿˣӦΪĵС塣
ΪԣӦЩöɣݱֹţĶӵ̽ȥ
ˣݵûЩʲôĸоѲҲǺһϸ
ǴӶԷĻѳԼŮӻһĵҩ
϶ֵҩǿ֪ͬһֵҩݸǺ棬ⵤҩʲô
ҩ裬ͻһЩƱˡͬм֮
ݹǴϵõƱͳʮ򡭡쾳֮ԣɼһߡ
ף
ͻȻЩȵһ֣̽ӵ˫֮䣬ڲࡣʱȴǷһЩ֮ͬ
мв㣿
ķ֣ݵ۾ʱһâһһ˿âǳ֡
һԷĿӣʱƿһ
ݵƿصķǳãֻǽһθӵĵڶ㣬һ߶û
ડ
һ죬һɫİӿӵĿ˳


355 Ƥܸ
۾һּ
һûɫŵȥĺģֵСӡ
֮£ݽҲ¶һǣȥΪӣͬĳֶƤëӡ
ݺգգ۾ȫƿ
ţǡ
ȻȫʱȴԴһ¡
ֻԼĪʮ๫ֳƤ֮ϣȴǻһŹֵͼͼȥΪӣֳһͼΣ滭һЩһȥΪӣء
Ǵ˴ȻƬ֮ȴͻȻһȻʲôԼĻУͳһӵ鼮
һģһͬһ֡
ǹ鼮֮ϣͬһݲʶõ֣ȥ֮ÿһ֣·һӵķǸӡ
֮ϵֻ΢һȣͿԷֱ鼮ϵ֣ͼ֮ϵķͬһֶҲ֡
鼮ǴǴϵλеϣõġ
˽ڲĿ֮У㲻ѿֵСϧȴʶֻ֡ܵȽ佣֮취һˡ佣Ӧʶֶġ
ϸ˿Ƭ֮Щźҡҡͷ
Ȼֶһ𣬶˻ɫĲȻ󣬷ԼĻУǴѪͫõףԼѪͫڵһؿڿȥһЩ
üؿڣ漴ЩεƳ֮ϵĴһۡ
ҪҲôһǾͷˡһЩ촽Ľһ
Ȼһֿ֮˿Ťͷվӣٲ࿴һ
ˣʬ嶼һһ˵ʵҲ̶һĹˡ
ջ˵Ҳ˵СҲС
˵󣬴ϣһѳʮ֮޵ƱӴƱݻǵһμ˵ʵڵãͷһЩ𶯡
˵С
ЩƱ֮⣬ֻмõĵҩԼΰϵƤͼˡϸݰģȴһҲûС
ȻԼҲ֪Լҵ¶ʵǼʶ̫̣̫֮Ķ֪ʲôмֵĶҲ֪
Ҳ֪⼸ҩʲôõġǸ൤ҩЧĻǾͺˡ
еĵҩЩڴš
΢վվ֮ݵĿ⣬ȴӹΧ漴۽һ˿Цݣ۾
ΧŲٵ߰Ƕīҵˣ϶û뵽ᷢʲôµġϣ϶Ǵ˲ٶ쾳˵мֵı
ͼȲ˵Ҵ׬һ˰
۾⣬Χ˳ȥ

ˣѾȫּϧˡ
һѪУٳҳ鼮ϧʬ嶼Ѿģϣֻʲôأϸ˿ϵļҳ鼮ȴҲɵҡҡͷּѾȫˡ
ֶһߣٶ˳ȥ

ˡףһŵҩǺõġ
ƱƬˣ˷ѡ

ͣͣΧʬ֮š
࣬඼īҵĿ䳤ϡ²һǸû뵽վΣԣ϶Ǵ˲ؼ֮ġ
ϧ֮ǰĴսʵ̫ҡǼͷսʱīҳϷֱ𱻲ȳԼըƬ֮⣬ʣµֻǵԴһ仹ɵĲµĲλ֮붼սУҲһ̯Ѫ࣬ѪϵȻҲǻٻ˴룬ֻһҩѡ
ףиŵģ
ȻһȦʱλ֮ϣݵͻȻ΢һ䣬͵ͣ˲ӣЩɲĳǰȥ

˵֮ʱݵüͷȴ΢һ塭
ˣ֮ǰڿչ֮У֮׳ͼ֮⣬ʵΪǿһλ
ڴ֮ǰݻرĹע˹ȴû˿׵֮£ͣȻ˵ϡ
ʱݾ;Щɻ󣬲·īοʼжҲֻʱͣ˺棬۲һϣȻǹļɻ󡭡
ˣȻ᪻ŵλѾѪͫͷƷ˵ĺʦˡ
ֻήҲڵϣնһƬȫû˿â˸˼ϵ·ѾѪʪ͸Χĵ涼ǱһƬɫǵѪѾɺԣγһĿĵĺۼȥѾ֮ʡ
ݵĵƺ˿ӦҲûУճմĿſС΢ĺֻ˶Ҫһʬ塣
Ȼģһʬ壬Ҳʵˡ
ݿһ֮ȷӡͷȴЩп
ʵ֮ǿƽһϣҲ߲һСû뵽Ȼ
ҡҡͷ
֪Է˷ħȼֶͬҲɻԷΪλͻȻӡ
ǰԷȻǻˡģҲֻԼƾʹˡ
룬ǰȥ˵ĸǰ
Է񣬹Ȼû˿Ľ࣬մһƬɵ㶵Ŀգƺʹ඼Ѿ֪
վĸǰ˼֮ΡȻ̾
ųһʱĥҸ˰ɡ˵
һĨɫâָ֮ԾȻ˿ϵˣһ̾֡
ݡ
ɫâ˲䶴˵ࡣֻ΢һ£󣬳ճմ񣬻ɢ˿˹ȥ
ֱ˹ȥŶ
ȻѾˣôеĶȻҪõġ
ƽױˣԼʹˡҲһֱɡ
ţİõļ̽
Ƭ֮󡭡
ףҩܸ٣ʲô
ͻȻӶԷĻУһⱾ飬ЩֵдɣǷĴ½ͬ֡Ȼϵá
żֺ棬ַҳ˼ۡ
Ȼ֮ͻȻ۾һа뵽ĪǣרŽҩ鼮
ݵڶī᪻ŵȴҲ֪ҩ˵ζʲô
һӰ˲Ƶ˵ʮкڣЧ֮
ȻҩѵãȴҲǿġ޼ңҲܵõʲôҩɼҩĺԡ
ҩĺΪϵϡȱѵáҪǣķʽ֪ˣ̫ˣ
᪻ţ֮λĴһλδΪ˵жǿᣬսжǿģⵤҩ֮
֮᪻ţ֮أ


356 ֮
֮˼壬鵤ķ
ҩ࣬ܣֹǧ
ȻУһЩȴǾ綾֮ˣȴ޷ֱӷá̫ǿ֮˵ȫ޷ܣкͣաȵȲͬ⡣
ܽӴЩģֻһ취ǾƳɵҩ
ҩҩԵĲͬȻҲ;ŵҩƷ֮ĹЧҲвͬ
ЩϣΪģƵġЩ֮ϣ֮꣬ʱҲ֮ơһЩӵиԹЧʶȵȵȵȡЧͬ
Ĳ˵Щ֮ϣΪĵҩ˷
ݾһϲ̸ڴ󻪹֮⣬һЩĴ壬ɣĺĵӣСǷŵҩġӵЩԴǣСʹ˼ΪʵĻ޷ӵԴԶԶġ
ʮ꣬ﵽ֮춼Ǵ󻪹˵ǷǳĴڡȻŵ½֮ϣЩӵԴĴ壬֮Сȴ㲻ʲô
ǣӵʮ̤֮꣬ľǿţ
һˣа꣬ܽ죬Ѿ˲šʮ꣬죿ʲô
һУȴĳֵҩ䵤ҩԣ֪
Ϊĵҩ֮⣬ƣƵĵҩ
У޵ľ壬ꡣ֮ϣ֮ܵش˵Ļпܾߵ֮·ʹֹһ䣬˵⽫һ˷ı
磬ϣ˭˵Լܵһ˿˺
ʱ˭ܸṩһЧǷ֢ԵҩЩˣкηӦ
²ϧһдۣԼȫ۴ȥҲԸ⽻İɣ
ҩɼһߡ
ҩ˷ȻģҪѧϰˣҲԽĶ
ʵϣ̤㵽֮׶ʱĳһЩߣǻ٣ǻһЩҩġֻǾѡ
ϾɲֻǽҩһԶĶ¯֮һ˵ġУҪݲͬҩҩԵĲͬܵĲͬ¯¶ȸߵ͵ĲͬȵطĿǵȻٸݲͬҩܣͶŵ˳ʱ䡭
һУҪƵһּΪȷĳ̶ȡƳģǷϵúûκιЧҲͰˣһЩпҩתΪһЩ綾֮
ҪЩ⣬֡һ츳һǵַ
츳ҲͲ˵ˣ˵ûܹ⡣ͺͬʦֵܣͬһʦ̵õԴҲһģһʦֵһĳɼʦܿҪ꣬ʮ꣬ꡭͬͬĻΪʲôôĲࣿ
ûܽͣն鸽һ㡭츳
ͬ츳츳õģҩһԣһͷֱܷҩҩԡ֮Уʶĸо¯еĵҩһ״òü£ҪϽ¡ȵȡ֮ÿһڣ֡츳õġ츳õġǷֱһЩҩҩԣͷ󡣸ĪҪ˵֮һϵеĹչˡ
츳
ڶ֣ǵ
ҲһЩǰܽķʽнҩ¯ʱ䣬¯¶ȣתʱȵȣԶǲ˸һ
ȳˣȷʲôʲôװ̣̫Ӱ졣Ҳǿڸвöѡ֮Уҩ˳ŴˣǿɾͲǿڸеˡпҪġ˿ɼ֮ҪҪࡣû꾡ĵû˸ҺƵġ
ϹеĵҲôֱȽϼ򵥵ҩƷԼ飬ϢĵҩˡڸӸĵһЩʵǿ֮֯УңǱܱġֵڱɵĴй
һַҲǼΪҪġ
ҲͲ˵ˣʧʱ¯ʲôʱƻȵȣַ֮е֪ʶҲӰ쵽յĳɵǷϵ֮Ʒεȵȡ
츳ַҪأศɣκһﲻЧƵҩԣ֪
ҩ֣ȴơҲͿƳƷ׵ҩˣߵ֮Уһֳˡ
ԣ᪻ŵĵǣʲôطһƬĽӵĿ⡣᪻ڴ󻪹Ĵ֮УҲȵռһϯ֮ء
ѧ֮˵ǵҪˡ
ʦֻеһܸ٣ͷǲС
ʵⲢ鼮īġ
ī᪻ʥŮһϵ֮УδӰ˵ģƷǧѶܴ͵ˣһܳˡ࣬ʥŮҲ˵ǲ
ܸ٣ʥŮҪϰ
Ϊ᪻ŵŸܸصĹ˰ʮһԼ½ǧʮҩУҩĳأϲԣҩԣж޶ȵȣ¼ļΪ꾡
Ȼ᪻Ŷŵַ
᪻ΪҪؼ֮һͨԣ洫ӣҲ˶ʸϰֻÿϵ֮Ϊɫлһá
ʦһ˲ֻͬϲҩĹЧǷϸḶ́ȴ᲻پȻʦܣȴΪͨԼ֣һԭõҩһ˷ĵҩĳɾ͸Уԣ
֪ʥŮīϲ࣬϶ҪܸٴѸģͷ֮󣬷źƤīһܸ١
īȻҲСƢһƽͣڲߵ£Ҳֻܾˡԣ󷽵Ľ֮˶Էֻǻص֮ǰ˻Ҳˡ
ʦȻǴϲܸ٣֮󼸺һʱóϰҲղ
ֻ˭뵽ˣȴݸռȥˡ
۾Ŀеܸ٣Ȿ鼮ΪʵԼĪָ֮һм¼˲ٵĶ
⵹Ǻö֮ѧᣬñȻ
аϲֵͷһѾȥĺʦܣ૵ѣؼ˭ҲǷ˭ˡ
˵ݱҲڶ˵ʲôСĽ֮ŽԼĻӣؿڵλã͸
ݲֿһϵĴҰһ죬Ȼҡҡͷ
ȻջصĿ⣬ͶǱߵīҶŮϡ΢üһ£̧ͷ˿±Ϸ
΢֮˹ȥ


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ŮģȥΪأҲΪ΢ȴֻܲΪܵ˹ȥˡ˵ûʲôֻϢһҲͿȬ⣬Ҳݲδżڵһʱ˵ԭ򡭡
طƻأһЩ򲨶ڴ˵ȴǲסЩͼȥ˵ˣֱҲδʲôǻûѰҵʱϣǲ
̧ͷһ֮ǰһǿ߷Ծȥķ򣬱˼Уߵ˶Ůߡ
ͷһ֮ƹĿ⣬ȴǿһԵӡüͷȴ΢һ¡
һ֮̾һ
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³һƶ֮䣬ΣҲ֮ƶƬ֮ӱԵ֮ϣ䵽˵ϡ

Ӱ֮ȴ³һظĸоЦĿһ۴ϵˡ
ڲֻκһҶ޷ġʵ̫ˡ
ҡͷ΢Щп
ʵ˵еκһȫʢʱڣݿԽݵ˵ġǵ״̬˼ޣ֮ܣһνȴҲǼΪǿġ
ղǷӣ֪ʲôֶΣҲ롰֮֡ĹЧĶѡŮֱӴӴ֮ץģȴǾĺܡ
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пһ֮ҡҡͷߵ˵ĸǰͷȥ
֮Уīİ֮⣬λ֮ǰĳϡǶһ״ѪҳҲǷֲ˭˭ֻīİظӡΪ̣ϵá
˵ƶǲᣬԱ֮īŮҪһЩиīİصΪء۲ȱѪӶȾ죬΢˼£ʱпܱ
ȻҲǲᣬ廹㽡ȫδȱ첲ȡ
ݿһ֮һüͷ
Ҳ֪ܵʲôĴƾȻء
ݲδ˵һĻԲ֪еĹ̡Ťͷһ֮ҡҡͷҲ⣬ֱӶӣһϵĳ£ƽ˵ϡȻ󣬽һһ˳֮ϡ
һ̰ɡ
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˶ţݵ˵ͷ˵ؼٽ˵ڹʲôֻжܵһЩ谭̫ˡ
̧ͷһ±ڣ㲻ٳɣתһζʱǳͨڣ˳ȥ
ٶȲ죬ȴҲ֮ǰٶȿ౶գۼ䣬ݴ˵ΣѾʧչ֮С
ˣһҹĿչȣİֻԭĹ㳡¥ѾһƬ档֮УѪ֮ζǾòɢ

ʱѾߵ˺ҹչ֮һҹļսīĸ֮ۡУ˶˴˵أǽ˳ˡ
ܰǵģҲֻЩˡ
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ǰĵϣŵΡīİŮӵˡ
ֹһֿ֮һŮӡ󣬴ĹĵĻУͣǴȡ˳ϵص䡣
Ժ㽫¶ˣܾһΣڶΡȴһܾȵΡ
ݵֹȻֱֹ꣬ȴһ㶣֮¶˼ֹŹ֮ɫ
Ƭ֮ΡȻһ̾ҡҡͷ
ֿŮӼ֮һվΣٳɣת˴֮ǰһݣǵȥƬ֮ʧӰ١
īҵĸ¥ȴǻָһƬž

һֱڶδ֮ͼδ֡
˰ú֮ٶȫֱӱǳſչȷ
ɿĵˣ粽ȫٶ֮죬˸޷׽Ӱ
ʱչȵڣѾӳ
ĿչȣһƬţ棬ʯĵ棬Ѫ̳һɫ¹£ͷ޲Ƶʬ壬Ϊ֮ƽ˼ɭȻ
ݵɨ֮󣬱㲻⣬ǽĿֱͶע±֮ϡ
·ϣ̸̼īҵĺɽ֮һߴ֣Ӧòдġֻ֮СֻҪܸĳһȷͼõ֮ǰұʹлᣡ
ͼǾԲŹġҪִ۷壬ҪԴһӴͼΪ¹۵ͳеıȻϣȻҪõֵġȻһֱ۾ʲôһڣǿЩ̸ͼģ֪ˣǼĵͳ֮أҲһ󱦲أ
֮ǰ׾ٵĻɱİѪͫڵ쾳ߣȻǴȵ˴ֳ֮УʱҪüΪǱɱ˶ᱦԳ֮ΪˮңڡõͼϣȻ
ˣǰᱦˣԶɱҲˡ
аšǽ˲ɱ쾳ߵʵ˵仰ҲǾԹʸġ
һ㣬ݲûʲô
ݿȫ϶ԼһᵽĻЩ˾Բ˵ĴķŹԼԼ߱
ȻˣʲôΪ˶ᱦɱʱȴҪװʲôȱʲô飿
һϷϷҪľѾⷽľţӦҲˡ
ûУġֻ֪ԼĿ꣬ӮϷȡմ󽱡
ⳡϷ˭Ӯҡͼֻһ˵Ŀ궼һµʱǾעӮֻһ
ԣϷĹ֮Уˣǵˡ
ȻǵˡɱǺô

³һݵĿüΪƽĿӹ±ڣβδͣ٣ֱ˸ǰһݣȻԾ
Ǵ쾳ߣԾȻû֮ǰЩ˸ߡ
ֻ߲ǧ׵±ڣȴҲѲס
Ծ֮У¼㣬±ڼطǶʱ߸ߵԽ˹ȥȵվ±֮ۡĿ⣬˳ǰԶȥ


358 ݵļɵ
ɽԶԶޣɢһ˵ȡɽɽ֮ӵģǴƬƬܼĴ֣һƬɫ󡭡
ȻһƬ֣
һ޼ʵĴ֣¶һЦݣɨһ֮ݱһ·α䣬ֱӣɽ֮ϣԾȥ

Խƫ֮ǰ١
Ҹղſͼֱӳ׷ɵģӦòд˵ƻֱ׳ٹҡ
δľۣ֮μΪľ֮һ㣬αʱһһľ֮ϣ˽棬λһʱ̱÷磬һ׵ľ룬ٶȿĳ˸Ρ
֮߱Уݱ߰мš
ٹԶ룬ǻˣ޷ġ쾳ߵǳ˿ԲȣƲľ룬Ӧǡ
ǰ沢δ򶷺ۼΪûѰҵ˫ֻѾʼսˡ
켶ǿ߽սҪֶΣط򡣳һЩصĹݵĹ֮ڵ֮⣬󲿷ֵѧǻᾪΪǿҵķ򲨶ǾԶĸоҲܹġ
ȻȻҲҪʵġͨˣǲֳȻ˿ĸӦַ򲨶ͬʶһޡ֮֮⣬޷ǲģҲѹױȵѹ
֮ǶսĵһʱӦģǹ
ŵǾֵ֮ĹؼʵӵԲȵáһѾڿţǲʱͷһݼɵŵһߣϸרһҪ֪ϰģֻСƪ֮еһֱӹֶΣΪʶʸ롰ƪ֮еġְˣؼδϰ
֡ƪƪԼƪƪ
ʶʸǡƪ֮еһֶΣ˼壬ҲֱӹһֶΡ֮⣬ƪ¼ˡӿ֮ȵȹ
ǡƪ֮еһš֮⣬ƪ֮лӵСѻ֮֮֮ȵĹ
ǡƪΨһûйһƪҲӵ硰֮ϡ֮ǲȴʵ
һϣݾƾšʶʸ롰ռ˼ıˣֱԾɱˡȻչûô˵ûС롰ʶʸĸҲǾ޷չܶ޷ӳ
ݽ֮ȫֶ֮νǧ򻯣޼Ѱٲ㣬ûãʽһľ桭
ȻҪЩطҲδȫȻûҪġов٣ݼȷıʶҪﵽ쾳֮󷽲Уͬǡ֮֮ȵȡһЩҪﵽ쾳Уǡϡȵȡ
еҪҲҪﵽؾ磿ˡ
⡰ʶʸСɣݵʶѾ΢һЩʱ䣬ȫУʶʲôģԼҲ޷ȷˡ
ֻͷȻЩɵǾ˵Ϊʵ̫Ź֣Լ͵չԷԼһҲͰˣȻᴫͨԼǱʲôһ˼ݲò࿼һЩ
ԼģŪԷͼ֮ǰǾԲġڼʶ֮󣬸ˡ
⵹Щʹࡣһ̲סԹ֮ϵطĶһ棬ȴĵļɵһ˿ȷһѡ⡣
һްҲͰˡǾ˵ʱһ˿ʲô˼桭ǵǻʱӡ
ˣʱЩȽͼŪ˵¹ν۵ĵͳУۼȻܳơۡȻǼܵõĵͳջҲСˡ꣬ʮ֮ǰͳµµĵͳ֮УȻһЩ߶Ĺţ۽̫ͣԲžĵõͳ¾Ͳôˡ
һ߱Убֹ
ȻֹֹһԤСֻ£Ƿ۵ĵͳ֮УҲԲڲĴڵġ
ǰУݵٶȲδ˿ı仺֪֮УѾ˴֮УīҵĺɽֻѾʮ
žһƬһ˿ĳХ֮ʧĸɸɾһ˼֪Ȼ֮ǰһǿ·ǿҵϢô˴ĳ޶Ѿܵ˾ţֱѹˡ
ݱˣ쾳ڵǿߣô쾳ǿսѹǧ֮ԶҲҪϼѪ˵ΧЩˡֱӱѹ˿֡
ˣ
ļȻ֮䣬һط֮ȴͻǰԶ֮˹֮еݣζʱһ٣ȵͣһ֮ϣĿ͵ĳǰֱӶȥ
ھԼĪҵǰһ򲨶ͣĴ
ѾˡѵѾͼ
۾һ²ڳɣһΣֱ䵽ʮ֮ľ£񱼣ֱӳս֮жȥšȻٶȼ죬ȴȫΪģèٶȻԶԪݣȴҲԲˡľ֮䣬ȴ

䣡
һ죬Ȼص˺ڰ֮䣬ǿʱΧľɨƬľм׷ɣ¶һƬ
â֮䣬Ӱؽս
սزķΧ㣬ֻ˲䣬Ѿ֮ԶⷶΧ֮ڣ֮ƬƬ䣬⻪ҫĿľȫƬƬľмԵһľγһԲΣ浹ٶѹ˲ٵľһײ֮󣬲ĳɵƻ
ЩӰϵĹâԿڽսģˡУսʿΧף죬սΪжŨӰ쳣־ɷɱ񲻿ɵǶ֮ˣ
֮˵Ķ֣˵Ȼڵˡ
ڵ˶һϮ£ȻϲǶ֮ǰɱȻȴҲ˿ѷɫ֡Ʈһ£ǴһΪǿѹ棬ǵû·磬ΪǶһˣռһЩϷ磡
ǷĹŶԷսȦһ


359 ֮Уᱦ֮ս
ʦܣʷĸֵнǧѶȡ˵Ҫ֮ˣ
սУһʵȴǴһڵӵĿд˳֮ء
ãȥˣ
أһͬҲڵӡ
Ϊ衱ڵӻ껰Ҳɣбһ콣죡гȻɨ
ˢˢˢˢ
âȻгγɵŷȣʱӵֵ档˵Ҳ΢䣬ȴҲ֪⡰콣֮£ֻҧҷ˿
顱
ֻǡ콣Ľɫâ˲֮ľ̼˺ϱľǱȥľм׷ɣܴľˡ
裬Ҳᣬ͵һ棬ǳһ򣬱
ݵѣ
һ죬۾ȻһɣмȵͬʱҲֻһ̧ʱгȵսѪѪӿ£
ˢ䣡
еĳ̼仯һƬѪȻֱ۵Ļ䣬ѹȥһصɱ¾ϢʱУһɱս¾ڵ֮죡
ߣ콣ָ졯ƣ
һʼʱȴֻǱѪĵ֮ǰһɫӰ¶أоâмֳ֮Ȼһ̣һ
̼䣬һɼͬҪƲĽ⣬ȻڵбɫâȻӵһ˿鶯һ㣬Ȼ䣬ӭѪһĵ
䣡
һҵıը֮𣬵뽣â˲佻һǿ˭Ҳ˭ڽӴ˲䣬Ȼǿҵĳ˲ϯܱߣֻһ˲䣬֮ľʱײİεض𣬲漴ײ˺ľֻážһ죬ǽٿþ޴ľѡ
ڵˣҲԶǵǧ׾룬ڵѳһĹ֣ſͣ
Ϊڵӣûյ˿Ӱ죬ΣѾʧ˴֮У
ˣݶʱѿ
ʵ൱£һˣǶᱦ飬ȷǳ˴
һۣ漴ҧгݣĿɭ
ʵҷֿǣŻǰīҡ򲻿ǧѣ֣֮
ʶһ󲨶˶ʱȡ˹ʶ
ҲϻһΣڵӷϻһһңֱһԵľ֮У
ʷģһһһҪǶסˣóҵȶȡǧѣʧ
֮һ䣬漴һҧ˵ȻҲɣֱӳҲԾȥ˲ľ֮У׷֮ǰʹáսѪĶ졣
ߵͬһϮµ֮ˣҲû˿ĳɣһΣ׷ȥΣҲ˲û˴֮С
˫ûʲôڣֻһ֡ɱ
Ϊ˶ñһеĻǶ࣡

ⳡսĿ죬ȥĸ졣ֻһԲľ޴սȦսȦ֮УһƬǽ壬̨һ㡭
δ̫ãһΣ֮һսȦ֮ڡ
ݡ
ݵĿⷺżֺȻݲ԰ףǹż˿Ѫ
ⳡսǡ쾳ǿְɣ̫ǿˣ̫ǿˡ
ݲ԰סļԶȻ֮ǰļȻһΪǿҵĳ֮УȴǱͻľ޴ѹֱһѹʱһ˿˺
ǵսȻ̴٣֮īչ֮еսȴҪϣ
⼸ƺɱģû˿ѹƣȫͬʱҲ˸Եѧ
սѪѧ
ݵǽս֮ʱĹ֮Ϊ̵ģǡսѪġѪӿ¡
ǺƺƵѪһĵʵݸǴиӦһޱɷɷ֮ŨԶݴһɱ¾þ֮У־ᶨʶǺʵĻֻ¾Ͳܵôˡ
ǡ콣ҲȻӲƺƴĹ
֮ǡ콣ָ족ܣҲݼΪ𺳡һҪǲҲһ㣬Ե𾪣
ѧǼΪĴڣ
ĿЩ쾳ߵĲˡ쾳ȫսôĻҲûУ򣬹Դ쾳ѹ㹻ѹƵԶ
֮ǰ˶δԼȫĻǰ׵ľͽ֮ɱ
Уһҡ
ڼʶ⼸쾳ߵս֮ѾԼĲһִˡ
ֻǲ֪ǧѾʲôʲôطȻ⼸˷ͼᣬתǧѣ
ʱ˼ɻ󡭡֪ǧѵ飬֣ǵһ˵
ˣҵĿͼǧѡ֪ʲôȴ޷ҡ
һ֮ҡҡͷ㲻ǧѵ顣漴Ŀ⿪ʼ˸Ҳʼת
ұѰͼȻǽսʱŻǻɱڿƺ̫ܡȻҲ֮ǰһÿһ˶ڶԷļ֮µģֻҪͼʱҪսǸʱҸ޼ƿʩ
ݽüͷǣʶΧ׶ѣ׵ľ룬˵Ѿ뵽Щ쾳ǿߵĽսȦĵλãλãݽУʲô
ôֻܡ
ͷתӹһ˿ϣĿ⳯һȥҲɣһΣֱӳǰȥ

֮УһƬڰԲȻƫˮһ¹֮£ȴ޷͸ܼľ֦ڣִֵĵ档ʶûһ˿⡭
ɳɳ

ļȻһ󶯾֦֮Ҷڶ֮ͣգΧ׵Ӱһľ֮ڡ
ͳ˷Ŀͼ͵ⷶΧ֮ڣǷֿ£һͼ໥֪ͨǱ߶һˣʵ򲻿ɴˣ
һĿӹܣǿ˵
˵֮УǿƥʶҲɨѡ
ǣɨ֮Уܷͬɨܵʶȴ޷ȷеĲ̽Щʶɢλá˵ʶܲ޷ȷλáԵüΪŹ֡
⵹ҲֻΪ˶ǷһΪ鵤ĸ͵ҩʶһֵҩ֮Чֻһ޷ʶԴͷ


360 ݣϮɱ
Ǳȡį鵤һĵҩǶʶϵһֳĸԵҩį鵤Чǽʶأʶ޷ײ֮̽Уȴ޷ʹʶ
⡰鵤ȴܹʹʶĹ֮УԼλȫϡڲʹʶʱȻҲܹǡ
ԣ鵤ȡį鵤Ҫ߼һЩ
ڴ½ϳĵ󲿷ֶָԵĵҩԼͨԵĵҩ֮ϣ֮ϵԵҩͱȽѰˡֻһЩ֯ɣ֮УѰ
붼˶֮Ѱͼ˶֪ԷԲ׵ԼԷߣԶǷˡ鵤
һᰲȫ࣬ͬʱñĻҲҪࡣ
Ҳؾ֮̽УΪһֶΡҶӵôǿʶҲͬΪˣҪôǿڵĸӦ֮Уȡʲôǵǧѡ⡰鵤ôȻռһЩȻԷ޷̽ȷλãȻҲ޴ӷֱ˶ñΣգȻҲҪϼˡ
Ȼͨؾ鵤ֶЧŻһЩǿؾнƴǧٹ֣ǿ󣬸赲̽Ѱʶһֽơʹʶпʶ塱Ӷֱ⵽ؾѹֲĽ
Ȼ鵤ֶϾֻһҩֻ֧Сʱʱ䣬ʱһҪõҩҪ¶
Ŀǰ־˵鵤㹻ӦˡϾҲֶ꣬ʮ꣬ϰؾ̽աǼ鵤޷𵽴ˡ
鵤ֻСһЩáʵ

˵꣬ߵĽҲû飬˵ͷ֮˱ǷֿȥֱӳŲͬȥ
뿪ãһ󶯾ʱɫӰ֮ǰڵλá
ѦѸӣ飬жҵͼڶŰ֪ͨҵȡ
ΪҶ̷ˡ鵤ʶ޷ѰҵȷĿ꣬ȻҲ޷ʶˡõͼ飬Ȼܴ֪ͨǰ᣿
Ѳ֮ˣȻһ໥֪ͨİֻ֮˷֪̺˼ȴ޴֪ġ
á
ǰҲԣ˵ͷֱӷ˳ȥ
ǸȥлᣬֱӸɱ
˵İ꿴ж֮󣬷ŤͷһɭȻһɫһ֮󣬿˵
ΪѦѡҲ΢һ漴˵ͷ
ٷϻһһһңֱӸȥ
ᱦ֮սһˣǶһơ
ڹˡֻˡǶˡͼᣬǧѵᣬڶռ˴ˡ
ڻܽһƵĻôὫ࣡㣬Ǻʡ

ǿƥʶԲʮķΧȫĸǣһʶɨòѰͼ
ôķΧ֮УѰһССľᣬȷһ׵顣
Ȼڴ쾳˵ҪѰҵҲֻʱѡ
飬ÿǰһЩ룬ͣΣʶ̽Χ
Ȼڵ֮ˣȴҲ֪ʱȡ
ηǳ޴Ҫ֮ǰѰҵͼĻȵ֮ȷˣôűȻһսⳡս֮󣬹ܻģֻһˣ
Ը⿴ġԣҪȶñǣ
ˣٶȽչΪ٣ĳһطͣʶɨܣûз֣ɣٶǰץһʱ䣬һѰҵ
һѰұΪˣڼļ֮£ҲõԼᱻʲôβ桭ıβĻӶԷļ֮ˣһڵһʱ֪ͨԼ
Ĵ󵨵Ѱţȴ㲻Ϻܸߡ
ԣ˿ûв׵ľ֮Уһ˫۾ȴѾĸ
ݣ
ݲδá鵤ʶɢǣĹȴҲԼơǾǣʶΪеܹʶĲɨԼϵʶǳʲôط
ȻָоΪģ޷ȷȴܴµĸӦһЩġ
ԣʵһȷǶˡڶ뿪֮ȴδжΪʶҲڿٵĽӽС
ȻͿڵˡ
ʱˣ׾룡ֻΪľڵԣ޷
ҲΪԭݽǵĻ˶С
ԣ˶뿪֮Ϣģѡ䵥顭
ֻҪѰͼսһҽû˿ĻᡣôȻˡ
ݵӹһ˿â漴鱳ӰУһ˿ǳɫâ
ΣһͣʶɨܡƬ֮ûз֣ı鲢δжٱ仯׼ǰ
ʱһ˿ûд˿ʶȴϢ֮УıԼٶȣȻϮ
Ȼ޲죡͵ԾȻţڿ͵һһ˫ͻȻ¶һ˿ãȻţһ˲串ա
飡
һƵ춯鱬ԾΣһֱ֮ӴӿУֱֱˤ

ڰУһӰһζ֮󣬳ߡ
ݵͷһ۽űߵʬ壬֮û¶˿ӣڶԷƬ̡
ǵҩ治֪Щҩʲôô
ݿһеĵҩһǧƱһüͷ
ⵤҩҪǲ֪ЧǲõġļʶȷҲ֪Щҩʲôá
Ҫʵ㹻˹еġѻ֮ЩҲͲˡϧ
üҡҡͷ֮󣬱㲻ٳɣеҩƱٶԼ͵ĻС˵ϣδҵʲôмֵĶӣЩ˶֪գ֮Ƿ˱𴦡٣֮󣬱ɵ˵սƷ
ʰöվΣŤͷҿ˿֮һüͷʬ
ҽһ̤΢һϢ֮У⣬һӣͻȻ˵֮ϣ·ǵ֮£͵ıͿգ̮һ㣡ֻ̣һ˿춯
ݱǽ˿Ӷ֮Сҽһ̤һǿӶͬʬ壬С


361 ݵļƻ
ⰵȻǻʬ𼣵ĺ÷
ݿһѾ±ƽĵ档
ⰵĲݣǺֶΣ󲿷ֵ߶ǶãȻҲᡣҪɱȻҪļ˷ֵļʡ
̣ɱһΪеˣǲ֪Ĵڡǲ˽䱸ݽɱ˵ΣԣҪˡ
Ȼ֪ɱ˼֮Щ˱Ȼһ㣬ԣǺ¡
ʱŪʲôļƻӰġ
־Ŀһ֮ŤͷĿӦһ֮׼һֱӳһȥ
һ
ݵ΢һ˿â
ɱˣмƻġ
붼Ծ±ڵʱ򣬾һ£һʮˡΧףΪģˡ£Ϊģˡ
֮ǰˡǶ֮ˣ֮ˡ
ˣȴǳʱķȥˡҲ˵֮еģ˶ѣ
ˣǴսûнĻᡣûսôݾϢǱǵߡŹչ֮Ե͵Ϯ£Щȫɱ
ԣµľ棬˾
ͼ֮ǰȫɱ
µһˡ
ݵʶΧ̫С޷ڶʱѰôķΧֻд쾳ߣһ㣡
һ˵ĿҲǼΪȷҪԷ֣ѰͼȻԼͻȻ͵Ϯ߲ϵİգͼ
飬ֻǵһˡ֪Լӿٶȣ١ҲҪǷͼ֮ǰɱˡ
һǷͼ˫ǻһΪһֻʣˣⳡսȻҪֳһġ
ֻҪһ֡ݣ˻ᣡ
ʵݲûпǹġϾ䵥֮ˣܷͼôȻҲͷ˲٣ΣȻ󽵵͡
֮ȴַ뷨Ͼ˭ܱ֤ǵһͼˣǣôݵļƻҪգ
˼ȥѡһȽףȴðһЩյķ
٣ֻҪŬкܴĻġǸǰһƻһ
ݣὫϣڡ翵ϵġ
ԣϮɱҪ

ҹһƬڰһǿƥʶɨգѰһӴʶѹⷽԲʮķΧ֮ег֮ѾȫʧеģֻһƬɳɳ֮
֣ѾʱˣͼȴûѰ
һӰͽȻһô֮ϣͣΡ
Ŀǰĳһݳ䡣΢ȴƬ֮һǰ
ˣΪʷĵλꡣڣڸһĽ죡
˺ǽҪ͵Ϯ֮һ²Ǽ׵£һٸһΣѰһᡭ
ʷСĵĲΣʲô
ȻǰӰôľ룬Ѿ֪Էǰ棬ʶȻ޷Ҫ棬ȴҲѲס
ǶĽÿǰһʱ䣬ǻ΢ͣһ£һѰڴĳͼһ棬ҲڸоԼλá
ڱȶˣǶ֮ˣ϶֪ԼҪٵġԶ֮ٶȴ̫죬ʱֽ̱䱸Ա֤Լͻ״̬֮£ʱķӦڱ͵Ϯ
Ͼ˫ĳԱʵǼΪģֻҪֽ䱸ԷҪһٻɱԼҲһ׵顭
Ҳ֪ʦܣûѰҵͼѰҵˣǾˡ
ʷЩΡ
ܲսǲҪսĺáⶼ֮ˣɱһϵɷ֮Ũĺܡƣս֮Укܴģһ񣬱ǹϢʶ֮УǿɾˡʷģҲԸЩɱ¾Եļһһɱǿǻġ
ţʷ³һμζȥ
δƶ೤ʱ䣬ʷıһо֮УǰĶ죬ͣˡʷģͬͣһľ֮ϣüУȴʲôʱǳֵĺʱ
Ȼ֮ʣȴ˿ûвһ˿ɱѾĽ
Уһ˫΢ǳɫŰ׿⣬վ֦ͷ֮ϵʷġ
ȥ
һȣ֮ǳɫâ֮Уһ˿ͻȻСϢ֮䣬һ˸
ţ֦֮ϵʷͻȻ͵һелδļ䶯һҡΣֱӴľۣ֮
֮ǰһ˲䣬һӰȴͻȻд֮ܳǰ֮ȵĽס

󣬺Ӱһ
ͷʷĵ֮ϣѾһ㱡ıϢѾȫʧ
һʶ
ϡͶе¹ⲻѿ塭һӰһΪꡣ걡촽ţĿ֮Уâ
ˣݣ
ͷһѾȥϢʷģ̧ͷǰ漴ȴǾվ˵أ۾
Ƭ֮˫ֿۣǰһۡҽһ̤һ£ţһӣϢĳǰĵ֮ϡ
ʷĵʬУȻŹϵĶҩһЩƱ֮վҽһ̤ǿԪ԰ķʽ˲棬ֻһϸ΢ĶǴӵĿӱȻ䣬ʷĵΣȫȥ
һУһΣǰȥ
ڶ

ɱڵĵӣϢû˷֡ʶȻĺɨţʮﷶΧ֮ڣˣȻѰͼ
ʷǰĶ죬ݵĿ꣡
šԼһ˿ʱʶԼʶķλ롣ȻҲ޷ȴѾ㹻
۱ʵ϶֮ΪһȻۿ̶ֲȡȴһ
ͬһȣںڰ֮УܲĴڡȻ׼Ŀ꣬Ȼʱ򡭡Щ쾳ڡǿߣãȻ֮У䣡
չˮ֮ЯʶʸĹ˲֮ϡЩδԼꡱˣ޶·
Ƕ˿֪ԼѾ˵Ŀ꣬ȻСĽ䱸ıһʱ䣬ͣһ£Ѱͼ
ʮķΧʱѾͷƶϲôͼӦҪˡ


362 ɱ
ӦúܿҪˣȴҪСһЩҪڵ˲ǡ
켲УĿɨܣǿʶͬҲϸĿܱߵʱͼʱ֣ܳҲͱ־Ŵսʱпܻչ
ţ
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Уģ紵Ҷġɳɳûа
ȻͷȴȻУһ˿ɱ
޽ս꣬ɱѾϤˣȻûвκˣȴԼжϡˣҶԼɱ
ߣڵģͶȲͷ¶β֮ô
ĿɭȻһɣгһΣʱһ㵭Ѫ۵֮ϣһҪ˦ҪеǸɵļһƳ˵
޵˦һ˲䣬Уһ˿ǳɫ̺֮ŵɫĹâȴͻͷ͵һ
ȻηӦͻȻ͵һţ˫Ȼֳһ˿ֻʶ֮УļȻһʶ
ʶ
ݻȻ䣬Ȼ׼ӦʱȴѾˡ
һɱϢȻ˲佫ľ֮ϡţһ˲֮ϸֶһ˫ӣ̼ʧȥɣһΣľ֮ϣˤ
飡
һ죬ⶼ죬ֱӵ˵֮ϣһ
Ƭ֮һΣŴ˳
ݣ
գ㱻֡
ݵ֮ϣż־ɲµɫŵѾʧȥϢĶ졭
ˣЩ֮ˣ޽սɱɱ֮ĶΪСղžȻ֡һ̷˹Ļֻ¶Ѿ˰ɣӣСĴ⡭
ֻ΢˼ݱ֪ⶼ֮˷ԼԵɡ
ɱɱ˵˾ĳض־ǳʱ䴦Щض־ӯĻ֮£ͻ־ԵüΪ
Щ֮˳궼ɱ¾֮гɳɱɱ־ѾΪСڸղ׼ǰһ˲䣬һ˿ɱ¶ȥǶ֮ʶĶȥ
ãʱݵĹûĻֻº룡
쾳ߵʵһǿ᣿쾳ǰһ˿ֵĻҲûУ
ݳ֮⣬û̡ͷҪʹһΡʶʸѾûʱ䡣Ϊûдﵽ⶯֮ʹóĳ̶ȡ׼ʮϢϵʱ֮СֻѾһɱˣ
쾳ߵĲΧǺ֮㣿ǧףҲ˲ѡݣһĲΧ
ݼΪ侲ȻԷͻȻĶܶ˲ͿסԼϵٶȽʶʸ
һʼⶼܲݵĴڣΪˡʶʸǲɱ֮һֱܸӦݵɱݳֵ˲ûʲôرĸоȻҲ޴Ӷˡ
ʶʸ֮ʱϢ޼ѭû˿סչĺ⣬˲ɱκδ쾳֮ڵǿߣ
ⶼ죬ȻҲ޷˿쳣ֻǹʶһ˲䣬Ǹʱ򣬺˲䱬̼佫֮ȫᣬҲûлẰʲôʲôˡ
ʶΪҪĵطʶ˲䶳ᣬҲͱʾһ˲䶳ᣬ⣡
ֻе쾳ϣԼġꡱʶʱ̶ֳȵĺ⣬޷֮˲ɱ
ϧⶼ컹ֻǡ쾳ڡΪľ룬ΪңԶ

³һֿһ۵֮Ƕʬ壬ǵõ˼öҩһЩƱ֮⣬ûʲôмֵĶǽ֮ϰ취ȥվ
̧ͷ˿ɫ΢۾
ȴҪץʱˡ٣ҲҪͼ֮ǰɱˡҲһ˿ϣ
뵽ݱ㲻ٳɣ΢ӦƬ֮λöֱӳһ򣬿ٵıжȥ
ϮɱҪ

߽ɱˣȻȴΪûзκһ˿δ˲
ȻеʶɨʶһʱȴҲûɻ
ֻΪÿ˶ʱʱ̵̿ɨʶеʱʶΪ鵤ĹЧҲ޴ӲԷĴڵġʶ˲ʲôԡ
ݼһĿ꣬׼͵Ϯɱʱھ֮֮УһһӰȴ׵Ĵ֮ǰš
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İɫӰٶͬζ֮䣬Ҳ׽ǧ׵ľ롣ֻ˲ٱȲǺӰʶûͣٵĶһֽ֮һΡһٶȻȲǺɫӰȴҲεĽ֮ϣʱ̱ڶԷܱ߰׵ľ롭
óϣ㲻ȥѰͼһֱߣȴʲô˼
ڣǺɫӰͣƶȴüͷ΢һ壬̽һ֮ȴͣжվ˵ء
ʽΧףеһ˰ɫǹΰȺΰǶ˴жͷˣͳ조
ͣβ̫ãǰɫӰǳ֮СӰͣ£¶һɷǵߡ
ֳһ˪ĳƮȻڴеͷˣϡۡ
üۣ䡣
ۿһۣȴǵһЦѰͼȥʲôѰңѰͳϿɲô
˵ţȴǲźۼĿ˶Էеĳǹһۣ΢ȴδ¶ʲôɵ֮ɫ
üһδ֮еŲĵǴҪҶһ֮սˣ
ͳ˵Цˡ۵ĿһۣЦǶʹȥȻ׷šͼȴڱصáκҪжȡģҪۡҲ⡭
У˵ĳڡ⻰ȴҲǲ䲻ȵĳһͼҪ˵֮᪻õоͱ֮ҲҪҲǿֻ֮˵һ䡭ͼ֮Եߵ֮ҵõ֮ǰ֣ǰᣬҲ޻˵Ҫһ鹷Ƥҩһҵ󡭡Īĳ顣


363 Ϯɱ
˵仰ɱʱ˸Ũɷ֮ҲʱӦĶ·һͷԶޣһ㣬Լ֮䣬Ȼһһ
۵üͷʱ΢һ壬¶һ˿ŭ뾪ɫ
ŭǣԷȻ˵ԼǹƤҩġȴǶԷϵɷ֮֮Ũʵľ
ǿ߽֣Ҫʱ̷֮ϣ֮ϵĹҪעԷɷ֮Ӱ졣
Ҫ֪ɷ֮ɲͨҪµɱ¾Ļ֮УȡܹΡ
Ƕ֮һħΪսɷɱ¾ս֮ϣս֮ǧҵɱ֮⣬Լ֮Се߾磬ɷ֮ȫʱԲﷶΧⷶΧ֮ڵ̼ɱ¾֮壬ȫʧֻɱ¾ʬ⡭˵ޱȣ
Ȼķ̺ĹֶΣȴ봫еġ깥طС
ۿǰȻ֪ԷΪԲܴﵽ˵֮еǸ磬̺һɷ֮ȴѾ㹻ˡ
Ȼӹӣ۵Ҳ
΢ۿг΢һ·죬һߣͳǲӣϷٹ㣿
ߣûҶ֪ϷȴʧڳϵݡĳߣóϡҪ桭Īĳǹ顣
ȴһĿĿһ֮ȴҲö˵һЩʲôתһǳǰȥ
ȴһüͷҲһૣʵΪǿߣٶȸ졣ν֮סǱȵõͼ±û˻ᡭƤҩǿɶϷ¶꣬δ˸ҡߣȵͼ֣ȴҪúֽֽ㶼Ŀսɷ
۱粻֮ȴһȴδϸȥ
ⶼ֮ˣһЩսӣ˵óõǲ΢һ¡ֻҪתǹͷ֮ɱһ
ʵȻ´ˣϾеĿͼͼδ֮ǰ֮ģԲǺǡ
һУȵͼ˵
а뵽
΢ͣһ֮󣬱Ǻɣȥһأľ룬Ӱף䵽׿⡭
ǰڼƬ֮ȴͻһͣΣһۣ¶һ˿ɱ
Ȼ֮ȴҲһᡭ
һĿͬȷڴ֮ǰҪһ¡
ԷȻѾӰ׾˵׾롭ⱾѾЭȻôټӵȷһ飬ʱҲҪƽϵʱ򡭡
ĿɭۣҲһ˿ɱġ
֮ˣɱԣأ

۵ĶԻһССѰͼü
ǻʦ̷ֵ˷ħȼ֮ȷǿľˣһ֮£ֱӽͼ׳˰๫ķΧ
ٶ죬ߵݣȴҲûа취֮׷ϡϾҲУҪ֦֮Ͻܼ׷ϡʱһ˷ѣȻȫûа취׷׷״̬ͼҲֻںԶĵطԶԶĿͼ֮أСѰΧˡ
ﵽ˵ľ磬ǵˡꡱѾһ˿ꡱ֮ôͽӵзеǸʱ֮ͬУûʲôٿǡͬߡ
ף֮׵ٶȣȵġνѸײڶ˼
Ȼܽˮ򵽼£ݻͨĻҲһ⡰סߡϾױˮ֮ˮݻ£ܹݻףҺȵ̬ǧ򻯡

ۼѰͼҲ˵һߣѾ׼ԼĵĸĿꡭ
һϮ£ݵĸĿ꣬ڵĵӡ
Ҳǣͷ۳֮⣬֮Уŵһˣ
⵹ݿҪڣʵΪڵ˶ԵüΪգһڶ֮˵ʱӣŻҪءҪɱˣȴҲ
Գжһ˵ƣѰͼʱ򣬶ǸǶ֮˵һ棬ѰһὫ֮ɱԼһơһ桭һˣͱ־ԼⷽѰҵͼϣȶԷҪ࣬лԵñ붼֮ͻ֮ѰͼڵһʱᡭǶһȶñҲܹȻˡ̣Ǵ
һСĵĸǰİɫӰȴĥš
ϸ˵ƲϾڶᱦҼңȻܽԼ󵽶ĶˡǶֻ֮ҲǺ޼ЩһͲýȫɱźáϾͼδ֣ڵӵʵҲʵҪǴʱиͼδֵʱͺķ̫ʵǡ
ȻȻҲԼڵȵӵ¡κΣ˼ұǶһˣʵ˫ּΪǾҲûа취
˵ҪңãҲɡ
ô죿Է۵С۵ĿţΪ˲ԿԼԼж
Ǹã֮˳ġ
˼ҿǶһ˰Ҳǡ쾳ڡҪⷽԲʮҲܹѰҵģ
ʱԼ߻ںͶԷ۵С۵Ŀţ˵׼˼ҶǸˣѾõϢѾصȥԼȴ֪ɵվԷۡô죿
ԣҲΡ
ɣһӮ˼ҽԼһסһ¸Ƿ㡣
ɣ˼ϸں棬ŪԼĵġָоǲ֪ôݡ
ô˵ȻѾһˣѲΪԷôһССƣֱ뿪
Ȼ뷨ԣǸɴ಻ڵӣԹԵѰ
Ҫ͸ɣֻҪĶ־㡣
Ҫ˵֡Ѫ֮սĶ죬¹˭
ԣͱ桭֮СĽǰ濪·Ѱҡڵȴǹĸ󣬻ΪԷûвԼ
ԡݵɱƻֻܴӼڵĵˡ
ĿǰİɫӰӣݵ֮Уֳ˼ĽɫƵľâ


364 ͼ֣
ݣ
Ϣ֮䣬һʶʸ˫֮УһĨǰԶڵӣû˿ķڻһ֮󣬱ֱӴվ֮ϣˤ
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ĸ
λ֮УѾɱˡ
ĶѼΪԷƷͬʱ¾Ѿ£ű߶ʱγһӡȡƷֱӽԷʬ嶪У£ԷǱڸһʵʵ
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ݲһҲͣ٣Σٶȳǰȥ
һˣɱˣˡ
ݵٶȺܿ죬й֮ѾһЩʱ䡱ʶɵĸӦЩĴ·λɱж˼ķ㡭
ݡ
ݣǰ֮Ǳжȥ

һ߼ɱһߣۣѾٶǰ뵽ֵ
ִ͹棬ȫûе·СʶҪ֮Լٶȣֻ֮·ٶȲܿ
ܣǾĵһƬš֮ʧȫټһʶ͸¶ϢѾȫߣ߻ѹʶŻ˰
ʱ䣬Ѿߵ½ʱ֡⣬Ҳһ֮У֮Ϊڰʱ̡
ݣ
һƿ֮⼫Ĵ֮𣬶ʱֻһɫ绡˸𡭡Ƭ֮һŴ֮ϣƾգһΰΡ
һΧףΰȺΰһ˳ǹŵɫ绡Ƕͳ죬
Ȼŵɫ绡⵭Ϲ⣬ӳϣ˿ȥм񱩵ζ
ζסȴ΢üͷ󣬳һۡü֮䣬һĨɱȴת˲֮䣬Ũ˼֡
ߣ
ܸоۣȻ󡭡ֱ˼ӵĸоǳá
һһѹͷŨɱδᡣ
³һ·ǽͷϢҲſ֮䣬˳ȥȻŤͷʶ˲ɢ˿
ÿǰһʱ䣬ͣһ£δ˵ʶڼ״̬֮ʹáֻΪҪôķΧ֮УѰһ۵ҪʱȥѰҡ
󣬻۸棬֮УȻҲʹʶѰңһٶ̫죬©һ桭£󲿷ֵҪѰͼϣ׺ĵˡʱԷͻȻ¾ҪԴ
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ʶΧ㡣
쾳ڵʶΧԴﵽĹ쾳ڵʶΧԴﵽǴ쾳ڡʶΧа˹
˹ﷶΧһ֮䣬˲Ѱϡ
ʶǿĿɲԣ֪
ʶѾת˲֮䣬ӵ˹֮ľ롭ϸѰÿһ䡭
Ƭ֮󡭡
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ͼ
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֮ǰмͼʶǸʱѾɨһΡͼϾǷʶɨ֮󣬶ʱǻᷢһ˿޵µĲԺ֮Сȫһ
ԣԿ϶⣬ͼ
֮¶һ־ϲȻ漴ȴȻһϵϢʱŨ˼֡
֮Уһ˿â˲һš
䣡
һ죬Ȼը쿪ɫ绡һ˲Ȼѣǧ绡˲䳯˷ȥ
绡֮ľƬƬѣȼաֻһ˲䣬֮УͳһƬ⣡
֮УΣȴѾʧ

Ȼٵʱ״ۣҲʶѰͼ
Ѱҵͼ֮һ˲䣬۵ʶͬҲԶ߹֮ͼ
ͼ
۲ϵ֮ϣʱֳһ˿ϲ֮ɫ
䣡
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뿪֮ʱĳ۾ףô̵ľ绡˲
쵰
۵֮ϣϲ֮ɫ˲ᣬȻ䡭
ŭӣȻȴҲǲֻаɫȻһһâ̼ڶ֮ŷӭһɫ绡Ȼϣֻһ󡰺¡֮ϵը
ɶ񰡣ɶ񣡡
֮У۾ŭӵŭ֮ʱƬ̣ǵ绡뽣âײγɵĳһӶĴ֮УһϮµ۳𣬷ŭ֮ţ˫ĿĿһ򡭡
ߣų˲ߡ̶̵ļ֮䣬Ѿȫ޷ӦԷĴڣ
˵Ȼǰͼˡ
ԸҪ˼򵥱ǰ࣡
۵ɴ˫ͫмͬʱȻһãԼٶȳ¸塣һľ֮ϣ͵һ̤ǿҵ˲ǽ˺ϱϸľ޴ľһ̤ۣȴѾһâͼķ򣬱׷ȥ
Σһ˲ƻã·ָһ֮Сٶ֮죬ֻһ˲䣬ѾǵѾʼȼյĻ𺣣ʧ˴֮С
ͼģˣ

˷ͼǷǰʱݣѾȻ˳֮⣬֮еһ˵׷Χ֮ˡ
˻ɱһľ飬֪ЩɱʲôΪ񣬹ʶδϱͶ֣ǵԼĺ
ҪƽԴ
ݽ˼ĿĻرֱ䵽Ƕϡ
Ϫϵʱ򣬱ѧɱֻϪǶʱ֮⣬֮ʱݺ͵Ϯ֮£ɱİգȻҲͷȥ֮ǰɱǶ죬ȴԷɱһ
ֻȻݵҲǲᡭ
ݲûǵ˵Ľ̵
Ȼ֮ǰЩˣȻûȵġһ쾳߲㣬һѾؾǿߡ⾳ʵ̫̫ࡣɱʽǻи༫ΪֶΡݣʸܽӴĵġ


365 С
ɱֶΣԶֳɱ¾רɷΪõķˣȷǲ̫ơҪ벻Ƿ֣ȷ̫һЩ
ãݲԼɱԷʱ򶼻¶һ˿ɱġֻôһ˲䣡
ԼġʶʸͬʱԷͲԼɱҲνԡʶʸٶȣߣô̵ʱ¶޷ع񣬽ܹȥġ
ԣݵԼĺԼľﵽһֲΪĳ̶ȡ
żݵȫķۣʱ֮УʣµֻһƬƽҲû˿һ֡ž޲ľء
άһ˿ľչ粽ȥ

죬һͣԼĲһǰľЩԶ㱼࣬ͣǿƥʶչ˿ȥϸѰ
첢δеĴ֮Уһ˫ƽ֮УѾİһ˿ɫɫǳɫâңһֹĽǶȣ۲Լ
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СĵĿԼԼɱ͸¶°֣ʶʸ֮У׼
ȻʱڼԶ֮һ֮ȴǺȻը죬һ˲䣬ڶ
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ѵͼˣ
˵ͷʱֳôһ˿²⡣
ԸҪ˼򵥱ǰ࣡

ͷɻʱһŭޱŭ⣬ͬһҲ֮˲˶˵ĶС
ɫ㶼һ䡭
ǸͳˣҪЩǰȥӦ
죬˲֮Ͼ¶һ˿ϲɫţҪǰȥӦǸͳ졭
Ȼʱһ˿ļµĸоȴ˲䣬Ժ֮С
ĥļ֮УüΪϤ񡭡
ɱ֮ˣ
Ժ֮У˲両ôһ˿֪
壬ȴѾʶ֮УŤһ£Ҫܿȥ
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飡
ʧȥϢ壬ֱӴӸ߸ߵ֮ϣˤ
һΣݲδٸϳסԷ֮
΢üͷɫõĳǻķš
ʣˣ˫ۡͼѾ֣սʱҪˡȻһ
üͷȴ̾һ
ļƻǻɱˣһˣѰͼʱжȻҪࡣ
ļƻǲʵˡˡ
ûа취ѾģҲֻеȴˡ
һˣҲá
ã״ǻɱˡɱˣҲݿԽܵķΧֻȴҪķһֽţΣգҲҪ˼֡
뵽ݱҲٳɣֱչΣֻһԾ֦ͷһ粽ʱķ򣬱ȥ
񣬴֮еˣѾʱɨһգȻҲԷĵ֦ͷϱˡ
֮ǰ뿪ˣȥѰʲôǧѣ˫ڣҪӦҲҪǺķһЩʱ䡣ԣݴʱȻҪǡ
һ·Ż֮Ϯȥ


ŭ֮һصڼžҹ֮Уֵľ𶯵΢
ڴּ֮Σһǰһǧ׵ľ룬ͬһȥ
һľ룬˵ת˲֮ѣ߹˵ͬҲúķ̫ʱ䣬ͿԵִ
ǸղͻȻһ˲ĵ绡赲㳬۽һľ롭
ߣߣΪ˲䱬ٶߡ
ע⣬˲䱬ٶ졣Ҳ˵Եٶȣߣͨռơ
ԣȻΪղ˲䱬ĵ绡赲һľ룬ڶʱҪΧȴҲġϾ߹ǶԣҪķ̫ʱ䡣
ο۵ٶȣҲ
ʹõڵһˮΪƮ貨ֶεҲݸˮ⾳ĵ粽һĴڡ
Ȼʹõ粽ȫȲʹ⡰Ʈ貨ġⲢ˵粽ͲǡƮ貨ʵϡڵȼϣݵĵ粽ȴҪ࡭
ֻΪ⡰Ʈ貨ĳһˮԱԵĹȻݵĵ粽ȴˮԱԴ
¹дÿһֱָһԴȻⱾԴ֮ɢġСȴǧһ㡣
ͬˮԡˮԣ̬֮ˮҺ̬֮ˮ̬֮ˮ̬ÿһֻ̬ԣҲǸв̬֮ͬˮġԣҺ̬֮ˮġˮԣ̬֮ˮġԡˮġסԣ硱ԵȵȵȵȡЩԶǴӡˮ֮Դ֮зֻĲͬС

Щ⾳ϸ˵ûʲôߵ֣֮֮Ǹӡ硰ԵصƮƮ죬ĥڶ֮ϣкܴơȻͬҲƣǾǹཻСԣȴҪСһЩҺ塱ˮԵصǧ򻯣޼Ѱеԡǣǧ򻯣ѿ䱾ʣǿҲȽԣϡס硱СԶԣȴǲ㡭
ͨԣЩСֻҪѡһȥվܿһ˿Դ֮ġͬԡ
ƣУ̤ߵľ硭ƣΪǰڵĸȣڵ⾳ٶȼ
ǲ˶ܹ̤㵽տӡԴĳ̶ȵģ֮У󲿷ֶǻѡĵ·оʵɿԣ󲿷ֵġ칦Ǻ칦ֻĳԵġСġһЩΪΪͨĳ졣
ݴС˽̵ӲƾԼ츳ô̵ʱͻƵ֮Ϊ顱ר⾳鼮Ӱ죬һʼ⾳ʱ򣬾ȫġΪû˸Ҫо
ʶЩ⾳ĹʵϣҪ֮½󲿷е칦Ҫ߼࣬ͬԴΪˮһ


366 δ
ʵݵĵ粽ֻǼΪʵġΪģǡ硱һСѡݵԺ֮УļѾһģӡ󡭡ֻҪʱһ粽Ҳˮɵġ
ȻýнϾͬҲʹײġ
粽ǻײĻ֮ϣżȻĶĲײѾûжٸϵԺ֮УЩ׵ҲѾʲôϵ
⣬ִһص㡭ÿһִķ֮⣬һϵйеϢǴľˡȻѡֻһֻеӴԴܹ֮ǿ½֮ϣ칦ʵͬĳһ֮СֻнͬһġСȫѧᣬķӳǸʱ򣬻Ѿһ˿Դ֮ˡ
ԣÿһǷǳǳеġȻгɹ֮ܣҲǳǳľ޴󡭡

ȻĿǰԣݵ粽Ȼĳδϵй֮һϣʱûа취ӳЧġˣǱȶû취ȡ
ԱԴСûиߵ֮֡Ȼطȴиߵֵ֮ġֻϵ족֮еķۣ֮ȴϵ족֮еķ֮֮߳һ㣬ܱǽȻͬһԣһȫѹƵһģĶԷַҲûС
ԣУԽɱ˵ģܻ֡ԽɱˡӵмΪ߼ıǾ޷ֵġеĹƷٸߣҲܣ
ݡ֮ɱô쾳ߣжֻΪչѡ滻ˣֻҪһ쾳ߣϵĲѹƣ㹻ȫ޷
⣬ҲΪʲôô˶ĵԵɡΪֻнܹ֮ﵽԽɱ˵Ч

ʹõġƮ貨Ȼһ֡ԡʹƮƮ죬˿ʵжͬۻ
Ȼԡ߼Ϊǡˮԡߡ
ġˮԡָĲǡԴ֮ˮֻһַĳνˡ
ʵҪԡ㣬ҲҪǡˮߡ
Ϊ˷֣һЩӦжʵϵĳ̬ȴг̬Ƚԣᱻֿ硰ס硱硱⡱Եȵȡ
硰桱ˮءľַ࣬ʽг̬ߣͳΪߡҲǣԡ
磬ֳģ֮мд⣬̺֮Ϣ಻Ϊڡˮԡ̬ǡӦˮ֮ԣɳ֮Ϊˮߡ
νġԡ򡰱ԡߣδӴһ˿Դ֮֮ǰûа취ʹóСġ
ƶǼΪԵġ
ǣΪķרһߣͨἫΪֲ֮ϵġߡЩС֮ϣҪǿࡣ
һ򵥵ıϵġˮߡܹù֮дһ˿⣬һ˿ǿܹһСϪôͬȼġԡߣĺ⣬߾ܶһӣ
⣬ڡС֮ϵĲҲǡԡ֮Ѱ֮µġˮߡơ
ƣǵϵġˮߣˮ̬֮ĹʹóȻר˵ʹ󣬵ʤڱ仯ˡרͨ˵硰ԡԡߣȻҲڡˮߡȴ޷ʹóС֮ġСԡ仯ϣȴҪȵеġˮߡһЩ
һרһǿһרȻһδܲǰǿᣬʤڷ䣬ս֮Уݻ״̬ͬѡȴҪһЩԣ˵Ҳûһߵ֮֡
ȻЩΪûˮ֮Դǰ¡
СͨͬһΪսˡˮ֮Դˮ֮⡱ô˶Ҫɡߡˮԡתۼ仯ԡԡӦˮġԡԡ
ֻΪЩӦˮķ򡭡
Դ;ͬ飬˵ľôһ

ǰУʱը죬һɫ绡Ҳÿһ˲䣬Ǳȥǿ׵磬˲Ϯ֣ǻһӭʹˡƮ貨۲ͣļȥȻԸͬȼۣﵽһƵеЧȴҲǴ谭ıУٶȡ⣬Ҳ۷ŭԭ
֮УȻŭŤͷһۣȻ뼫ԶϵƶѾȫſһĿȥȴܿ򲨶ƾˡ
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ԡߣǱǿߡٶȱǣÿһα֮УҪһ΢Сͣ٣ǰһǳɣٻӰ쵽ٶȡ
ˮߣǿģǳԣԡνˮָıˮԵһԡᣬνûͣ١
ԣȻ˲䱬ٶҲϲΪԡߵƣǾıУֽ࣬ٶʼձһٵ״̬֮¡ʱһҪߡԶԶ׿ڶʱȴǾ޷ġ
ʱɫ绡ȴ˷ǳҪá
ÿͣһΣĵ߱Ҫ۵ıнһΣʹҲһͣ١ټϡߵ˲䱬ٶȡ˳֮£۶ʱ˼ľ롭
߹ľ룬Ƕ˵ܿͿԵִƼȥ۽ᱻ˦ǸʱֻҪͼôۣûʲô׷ˡ
ɶ񣡡
ҧгݣӭĹɫ绡ٶһܶ£Ϊ
̶̵ʱѾ˦һ࣡
Ӳܳɣֻˡ
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ֻ绳Уһ֮£ȡһ
Ŀ⣬ӹʱȴһ˿ᣬȻ漴ȴǽһҧǺɣһʱԼϣ


367 ӡ
һűɫƬſƬƴСͨף棬ȴǸิ··֮ϣһɫâɫâޱȣΣ·ӵ֮׿Ƭ֮תݣԼ֮䣬Կһʵİɫ֣Ƭȫİ·ǽɫâӡסһ㡭ȥ쳣Ŀһ֪Ƿ
һƷнסӡ򡯡֮ҺòףʮǰðżΣգħƼ֮õġֻʹһΣһʹãȴǿҵٶ˲䱩ʮγһϣǡ쾳ڡΪơ֮ʱ̣򲻵ѣһֱ᲻ʹãû뵽ȴҪˡģ
кŭţǷһƣȴѾԼϡ
ֻġ࣡һ죬ڶ֮ͣ󣬡ˡȻ֮䣬أͻȻһ¡ͬʱָŵɫƬȴͻȻ֮䣬һҫĿɫâ
ɫâֱͬһӿһ㣬һ˲䣬ĳ̼䣬۵ߣûһ޴ɫ룡ˣȫİ档
䣡
ɫ绡˲Ӵɫ룬Ȼ˿񱩵׵磬ȴɫһ˿ҲûУ۵ɫ֮Уûܵ˿ˡ
۵зŨŭ֮ɫĿɭɭĳǰһ漴һΣȻһ
ৣ
ֱͬ˲ƶ۵һζ֮䣬ӰԼɫ룬˲ʧ˵أٶ֮죬ΪߡҲǸ޷⡣˲Ϣ֮䣬룬˲

ʲô
۽ص׿ƬԼϣһױȵǿ֮ᷨʱǰҲǶʱĸӦ
𾪵͵ŤͷȥԶȥ
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ıʱ䡣
Ȼ²⵽Էʲôʱһ޴Ĺ룬ȴѾ˲ӳ֮С
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ӡ򡱣ǳϹؾ֮УһּΪƷ
ͨȴֲǡû֪ʲôһַʽƶɣͬҲ֪ƲΪΡֻǿֲǿܣһγǰʱ򣬱Ǹһ𾪣
ǵģ𾪣
ͨϵıΪ漰Ĳ棬̫̫㡭ԶķͿ
ˣֹʱ䣬˲ƶıʡ
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һҪһݴĻǾֻһ
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ӡ򡱵࣬ǧٹ֣֮⡣еġӡ򡱣ֻһԵƷûʹõߣֻһ쾳ڵõƷ׵ġӡ򡱣Ȼܹٷ֮һٵķӳʹһ֮ԭⷢĳ壬Ҫɢ·ǱһɵӡƳ֮Ȼɢ
ӡ򡱡ӡ˵ķ֮νǼΪС
ӡ֮ݹܵĲͬӡķ֮Ӵġ켶βͬȻȼҲͬ
Ѿ˵ġӡ򡱣ܣ켶ĲͬΪʮƷסÿһƷ֮УַΪϾĸȴΡ
ȻֲĹ֮Уȴ𾪵ķ֡Գġӡ򡱶ԣǽӴ켶͵ġһƷ½סӴķ֮ǵ조족켶ķ֮
һ𾪵ķ֡Ҫ֪֮󣬿ɻʮ㼶ģҲ˵Ʒġӡ򡱣Ӧ켶ǵھ쾳
ھ쾳ѾĿǰԣ󲿷ֵ쾳֪߼
Ҳ˵Ʒġӡ򡱣Ӧ켶Ѿȫ˾󲿷˵̶֪ȡ
һܵķ֡٣ڴڴ½۷ǶԣϢܵġΪ־ţڡھ족֮ʵǻľġǽһȻͬ硭

Ȼ֡ӡ򡱣ȴֻһϹŵؾ֮УƷƲϣһֱڣûˣȻҲûơ
ƺϹŵʱ֡ӡ򡱵ǼΪеԣκһ¿ٵؾ֮УܵõѵԵġӡ򡱡

ҲΪԭڴ½֮ϵġӡƿӵżʵУģȴʵڲࡣ
ۣӵôһ

쵰ʲô򣿡
ڷӦԷͻȻǡӡΪʱԺ֮Уɵɻ
ȻɻδȫˣѾ˴𰸡
ֻΪ̶̵һ˲䣬ۣѾЯһŨķ֮˲䣬ʧǰ
Ƿٶġӡ򡯣
ķԼϱĵ绡ȫ޷ɫϸڣ漴ҧݣе绡˲䱩
Ϊƾ⡮ӡ֮Ϳɶͼ𣿣Σ
ʱѹŵɷ֮һ̣ȫı˳
һŨѪϢ˲һǺĿ޺֮ǧı֮һŨɷ֮ͬʱȻ˳
óѣ
ŭͬʱ˫ͫȻҾâ䡱һ죬Σ˲䣬ʧԭأ
ʱ߹ܾ룬Ѿֻʣ²

һľ룬߶ԣʲôգۿôأ
ͼҵģ
ХУͬ˲һʹˡۣ֮ѾһƬֵĳһ
ڵķ֮ȫɫ룬Ϊڰ֮еһɫ̫ҫĿ֮ԲķΧӳճһƬâ磬ӣ
ڿ͵һͣ٣ΣȻֱֹ˿У֮ʱӵ˷е
һ֮ͣ۲δ˿ͣһ죬漴˫ͫʱâ䡭
㣡
һȣֻۡһ죬֮ϣһɫʱһӰſеſĴּȥ


368 ǿߵĶᱦ֮ս
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۵зž⣬ǺɫԼٶȣĴַȥ
룡
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һŭЯһױȵӴɷȻϯ֮УһȻ䣬ȻǺӰֵһ˲䣬˳ȥ۵ݣʱһ䣡͵Ťͷ

£һܼĵ绡ǵ绡֮⣬һѪһɷϢȫУһ̶ɱ¾֮Ѫ֮УΰΣǶ۴ϸɫ绡ͬѪһɷϢĺ֮£һɱ¾ДȻֺ룬Ծ£
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۵ݶʱ΢䣬漴ȴҲ֪
̫ˡһ߹ľ룬Լʹá֮ʱ򣬾˴Ѿ
ߣǱΪǿߡȻ֮ٶȵȷǿ쵽¡ȻȴҲǡ쾳ڡߣ˲䱬ٶȣȡ֮϶١
ĻԶԶֻӲ˶ٵʱ䡭
ԣͣȡͼƬʱȴѾ׷

аһ䣬ҲֻȻһֱӳͼɵķȥ
ͼǼ۵ͳ֮صܣͬʱΪؾԿ׵ĴڣĪ˵ֻǡ쾳ڡΪǵھǿǰҲһ׽֮ٻԣԻһû˿ԥҲ˿ûһὫ֮ٻ
ȻЯۣ֮ٶȿĲ˼飬һζԭһӰΣѾ׷ͼԱߣ
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ͷתȴǺʾļڽŭݸ࣬һ֮͵һɫâʱʧȡ֮ģȴһƬɫ󡭡ˮԵĹ
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⽨һż˿ڵĳУɫܾ֮ҲĴɢʲôϢνɫϢȥʱֻ¶ʱҪһЩҪ鷳⣬ȴͲԸ⿴ˡ
⡭ʷĵ˵ĶҲ˵ǲѡѵ
ֲ뵽еЩˣȴȻЩ


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۰üͷһ㣬Ը²ġ
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üͷ֮Щɡ֮ǰԷϣԷֱͼȥˡɼˣǲŵġ
ҲԡҲеԷʵֻ»ȻΪεڻû֣Ǽȥûж塣
뵽һǻ˵֪֮ͨǰһκѾ㡭ʲôȡң
ͼ
˵꣬۱ֱӽӿ˵΢٩٩̸ĮΪʾ⣬ͼȡãܡֱ֮˫ټƽϴĹ⡭˵۶˶٣Ҳ΢һĿϷҲ˵ǰͷȻЭ飬ǻܹءǸ˻ǿռ˱ڣҲԲưոݣ
ȴû뵽۾Ȼˬ˵ĻɻɫһӶȴǵ˵ͷ
˵ĻҵҲǲ㡣ֻҪڲˣСֶΣҶȴҲǷ޳Сˡ
Į˵
оâ΢΢ףˣͷͳ콫ͼȡ뿪˴˵
á
ԣ˵ͷʶһɨʱǧ׿⣬ѰͼһΣֻážһ죬绡ΣȴѾ˳ȥ
˵ȻǷ˹ȥȻȴǲۣĿһֱϡ
һüͷ۹ЦĿԼǰȡͼȻ治֡
ѵϣ
ʡ
漴ȴ˦˦ͷ١ⱦﵽҶУǾҶ֮ЭʲôġߣͼȽȴƨǣϼ޻ıȴòһ
ͷɿӹͷһ֣δȫıڹؼʱ̣ܹ׵ĳ롭
˲䣬ѾͼڵĵطۣȻû˿谭Ϊ
Ťͷüһۡ
վ֮¶һ˿ЦݣٶȲ̫죬һԾ֮£ʮҵĽǰ͸¶ŹŹֵЦͳ쵹Сİ
һüͷȴǲδԷеŲ
תһţָ΢ʱһϻָ֮䵯漴һľмڸ֮ʱ΢һɫһɫİ֮Узɳ
ͼֵһ˲䣬֮ϣҲ¶һ˿ϲ
Сģ
Ȼʱ۾ĺ֮ȴͻȻԱ𣡽ţֻһĽâͻȻǰϿ֮
⽣âٶ̫죬ܸǾޱȣ
æ̧ͷǿһӰױȵƣһ̳
ǧâ̱
ߣ
һǽâ伱һֱŻбʣӦȻݡֻһѽͼУֳǹһȻǰ̶ȥ
˻˻
̶ƿ̼֮Գǹ֮ϴͬһưԵţãֱӱӭŶԷĽâȥ
Ȼ˫ĽâǹâӴһ˲䡭
ԣ
ͻȻ͵һ䣬͵һŤ̳ĳǹ͵һȻǲǰĽâֱӳűҪȥ
ٺ٣ˣ
ĹЦ֮ȴڴʱ
ɫâһӶ
ۣ
䣬ʱǿһ޴ĿӣһǿҺ̼䣬֮УѪδȴѾɱ
ֻġžžһ죬֮壬ۿӵٶȣ˲䱻˴룡
ٺ٣ȥɣ
һ֣ɣһ飬ٶһ̶â̼أǰһâֱ͸壬ʧӰ١δκһ˿˺
Ӱ
ݶʱ¶ŭɫȻİ壬Ѿ̼䣬˴룡
۵һҪһ͸͵һҧأͻȻȵ
ɱ
Ȼ֮Уһսɱ¾֮һ˲䣬۵ʶ֮Уǿҵɷ֮˲䣬̵ΣҲһ˲䣬һͣ١
Ҫľôһ˿ͣ٣֮УͻȻҫ۵ɫ绡һ֮󣬱̼ʧֻġžһը죬ΣҲ˲ƶ˿ȥٳ֣Ѿ֮⣡
䣡
۵ĹȴȻݺݵ˵ϣ֮ϣʱǳҵײأΡȻһ
ɷ֮ͳ죬ȻǺǣһСΣ
Ȼڴͬʱ۵Ц֮ڳĻ֮УҲĴ˳
֮⣬ϣѾٶһ⡭ڣһɺ⣬ıţ˵òȫǣѾһɫ
ɫʱ¶ޱȵķŭ벻ʣ۵Ļʱı飬¶˼Թ֮ɫ


373 ɱ
ֻҪʹ󶼲İ
ΪֻҪе쾳ϣɹܹӵǿԽһΪķʽԼķ
֡뱾ʵѾֻһϵĲͬʵϣɹطѳ֮󣬱꣬԰ѣ뵽֮СȻܹ֮ɡڶ塱
ûԼʶ뱾ͨһʶ֮⡭ڶ뱾û˿
뱾ںϣҲԳʱָأ
⣬Ҳǡ족ߣΪɱԵ֮һ
ƳǵڶһֻҪǱһЩ֮ϵ˲ɱܹɹȥǿ˲䷵صԼķ֮УԼ

ʹõġȴȻ֮ϵķֻˮԹ֮УһּΪˡ
ֹһʩչʱֻܹһƻʾ뱾졣ȻȴֻһֳģҲֻǱʵϣȴû˿˵һֱȽϸ߼ġ۷ˡ
ն֪ͬҲ²ľеŻҪսپǽ˻ᣬԷ˽
˵ԼԷͬǣּװıʾԸԷͼ˵ʲôЭ顱Ϊ˱ʾ⣬ԸöԷͼȥһУǴԷİˡ
ȻҲ֪ԷҲǰ׳գܻ׵ȡʲôϵ׳ͼΪʱ֪۶ԷŲĻŹᡣ
ȴľǶԷͼõֵһ˲䡣
һ˲䣬ԷбȻǻһݵиʱͻȻȡСġԡӶԷ淢
κ˵ĵһӦȻǻʱѡӭͻȻɱġˡ
˵ıܷӦûġʵ̫棬ƣɱʾһеһУ̫ˣѾ͸۵ƣһ˲䣬ԲʽԼ壬Ҫ
ʱۣϢĴӱĸԷһ
ļƻ
ϧһﷴӦǲڹؼʱ̣һҲûϵܵˣѾȫ޷˿š
Щźţ漴֮ȴ¶նԵõЦݣΪԼĻǶе⡣Լܹô̵ʱ뵽ܵļƻȷǼΪѵá
ΥЭ飡ѵͲǿ߳Ц𣿡
ҧгݣŭؿڣ˫ۣͨ
һʱ⣬˼Ϊľء
֮УһɹɺŰţҪѹƣȴҲѹƲס
ͬǴ쾳ߣԷʵ൱⺮Ԫ֮УԲһʱ׽֮ųġǹɴ̹ǵĺ⣬ȫһ״̬
˫ͫŭĳ죬̺Ųɱ
֪ԷĲƣô׵õͼõͼһ˲䣬̲סͷ΢һ˿ķɡ
˭֪۾Ȼ˹Ȼһʹáһ񡱽Լһ棬һ߾Ĵ󺰡Сġһ߳Լı󹥻
Ȼؼʱ˲ԣ֮һ˲ŤΣһ֮ѡ˼صƣ
Ŀǰƶԣۣû˿ĵֿ
ĿĶ΢ŵݣҧأ֮Уȴû˿ľ֣еģֻǲ벻
Ȼս꣬ɱ¾ѾΪϰߡޱϾֻޣ֮е֮˶ԣȴҪࡣɱɱɱǲɱȴû
Ϊų֮һϰڹĶǣǼΪ䣬Ȼ̸ɱ¾ȻһЩֶη棬ȴҪȶԷǿĶ࣡
ƽʱ̬еϰȻ־֮¡ȽֱףɱϣȴȴǳĿ
Ļô۵Ķ֣
͡
ЦĿ⣬ȴͬһ׳ա
ΪһȥֻҪһ˭֪֮£ң֪ΣᱦǶթ̫ˣˣͨǻõġգҸѵ֪ѧĴɡ
Ц˵ⷬٲɡж֮ɫһ϶ʱâҫһΣֱӻûһŰϷ֮У˵һ׳
ৡ
ǧƵĽâͬʢľ޴ʱǱ
֮ǵصĽâ֮ϣȴ¶ŨŨĲ벻ûеӣҲûЭ
㲻ŹңҲùһɣ
֮У˫ͫȻɢѪ֮ɫ壬ͻȻһƬѪưƲ֮УһѪȴҲķȴȫţһɱ֮˲Ʋ㣬ֱָ
Աߣл𣿣
һۣǿԷ˼΢ͬʱȴĿһ£͵ıȵ

֮Уʢһ̩֮ɽѹ֮ƣѹȥ
Էھ֮ȻҪԱ
֮ߣֶΣǽ֮ȻǾ˵ߵ֮Уûʲôˡ
ʵϣǡǡ෴Ҫ߲ε켶ҪΪǿԪΪΪǣȼԽߵߣ֮еԪ֮ԽΪ⣬嫣
Ϊ쾳ߣԪ嫵ĿһΧһܹ㣬ȴһǷǳǿᣡۣȪ
Ը
ֻ۵֮ͻȻǿһ˿󣬶͵һѪţΣ˲ʧ
ৡ
һ˼µĽâһֿٶȣ˲һ
ϷӿѪƣһ˲䣬Ȼһɱ֮Ҳ˲䣬ͣ
ʱ䣬·һ˲䶨񡭡
ɴ۾屻ǣһֻͼһֻǸϽǹ
ҡġ
䣡
콣âһ˲䣬Ȼ壡
أĲ쳾Ļȫڸס֮ϣһ޴ޱȵӣڽâ֮£ԽƬֳ֮һ޴Ĺ֣
ۣ׵ĵطֳݲ԰ѪԵüΪĿⶢŽâŰĵط漴ȴӹһ˿


374 ʯ
ߣȻҪԱҲòʹŸոյֵ⽣ޣ
۴ʱû˿֮ǰɷǵζ˼֮˿ûĳһһڿˮĿˮ֮УѪ
ղͻȻһҲܴС
סؿڣһĿ⿴ǽâŰ֮Ƭ֮֮ϣȴҲֳһ˿Цݡ
ã˷һӡ򡯣ôصˡһУȴֵáõͼһʧֲ˻
һ뵽ͼΪԼĺô۵ҲýķѵĶΪֵá
ֻǡ
Ȼ漴ȴ΢üͷ뵽һ¡ĿֱӹսŴ֮пȥ
ʷȴûлѵǻеˣ
üͷ˸ݡ
УȴҪӿһЩٶȣõͼϽ뿪Ļڵ״̬Ҫ¡
뵽Ҳڳɣǳڵĵطȥ

һʶʧˣ
۵ĽâȫǣըʱԶĹ֮ݣȴ͵۾
ɲɫֱӳǰսȦȥĿ⿪ʼ˸ݡ
ɷ֮ȫʧѵ֮ˣѾ䣿
뵽۾ʱһ΢һ˼żû˿ɣ͵վΡ
ҿ˿֮һһΣʱһ⣬ֱӳսȦĶȥ
ΧȻӴѹѹݼΪܡ˴ʱȴǹ˲ֻ࣬ðѹͣǰ
һսʱ䲻̣Ǽ󡭡ֻ˶ѾЩɻΪе˲δǻ㼯ǵı㣬Ӧǻỳе֡սϣʤһȻҪϽͼ뿪˴ҵٶҪһЩ򣬳Ǹϲˣ
п㣬ʱǰľ˸ͨ粽Ѿӵ£ΣȫһƬ⣡
Ĺľ룬˵˵̣ȴҲ̡
ʱĿĵսǸݵС
һƬǽķ棬֮ϣȼŵһ𣬵ͬҲиǴصıŨֱʡ
˭Ҳ󡭡ķ棬Ȼֻཻսֳ֮
ݵһĿ¶𾪡
þ˵ƻ
ƬսȦֱֻ²֮⣡ĿȥԶһƬأ
ľǰƻݵҲûĿģĿһתƬ֮͵һμͬʱ͵һԾһ֮С
̽ͷǰԼĪ֮⣬սĴһ޴ֵıԵ֮
ĶһΣվڵءϷһ˿âſ֣ȻڲͣðĹ֮ϣȡʲô
ߣȻǽѾ
ֻһۣϳ˴ˡֻΪԷ·ǰɫġ
ڴ˴ǰᱦˣһϮ¡
ȡͼ
Ŀ⣬ϸһƣʱǿ˴ǹ֮УƮļ
һһ˳ǹ˳ǹݲİ֮ǰм
һһʮֳľᡭͼ
ͼ֮⣬һЩ߰Ķ̫ԶҲǿ̫С
ֻҪͼݱ֪ԼҪˡ
һû˿ĳɣζʱζϢ֮䣬ĳǰɫӰƽ
ݵ֮Уһ˿ǳɫĹâѾ˸

һ˳ǹƷ
վڹֱԵϣȡŲ
һ˳ǹѾָˡ𡱵ɫķķ·Ҳ˲ʧȥ鶯ô
֮ȫʧ״̬
۸ⳤǹ֮ȴ¶ϲɫȻʹóǹϾһȵԺʱ䣬ȫõг֮ϣ˽ԼҪĶ
ס˳ǹ֮һֽһԵͼҲУ̲ס¶Цݣ
ͼǵˣ
۳³һ
õͼҲǺķ˾ţ֮ġڻʧһӡ򡱡
ãرͼ۵ͳؾҪŹ棬ٷ֮һĲƸ
Źһ㣬ǺɵġһҪ֮䣬ͷǱġֻζʢţҲ޷ôڡ
Ϊ󻪹ĳţͷƶѾǳƣгߣҲǻϸͷƶµġ
򡭡ԺǸӻΪɳ
ԣ˿ɣԼܵõЩԼʧҲ˲ֲ
һţһȴɵҪϸĿͼʲôء
ȻĿ⣬Ӵͼĸֵһ˲䣬ֻġˡһ죬ռ䣬·ļȻһܣ˲ɿհףأ·ֻʣĸһ㣡
ݶʱһ䣬ϽŤͷȥ
ʧָֻƽ
۳һͷƤǷ
ûдͼԾ۵ĵͳ֮صĵͼ뿪Կף̫ˣֻĸ֣׹þĸоۣǵݺǿڣ
һ̣ĸӦ۵֮ƾĸ֣ô쾳˲׹þΪ޷Ĵڣ
һٶ࿴ۣͼСĵķԼĻС
ȴǿһŵ
һ֮£۾ȴʱһ漴¶һ˿Цݡ
һﵹǸСƷʯȻ߸٣߸Ʒʯ㹻ҹһЩĵҩˡ
Ưǰģ߿ʯͷ
ʯͷԼĪѴСͨԲӨ·Լһʵİ׹͸¶ͨ𪣬û˿覴áʶ̽Уױܷ֣У̺һɼΪ嫵Ĵ
ۿеʯ
½֮ϵߣ򾳽ĲͬΪ족롰족
족߲ö˵һĳѧߣҲΪΣ֮࣬ˣ⡰֮Ĵڡǵǿ׷ȨƣǸ
족ߣȻԶԶߣǳԡߡ֮УȻϡߡӵǿƥƳޱȵֲΣ׷ģȨƣҲǸ󡭡ǳɱ
Ȼ־磬˵磡
׽磬Ҳǡߡǵ֮УҪͨĻң֮
Ȼ磬Ҳǡߡ֮У֮ȴûжٵô֮ʱҪʹһ֮⣬ûô
ôͨңʲôأ
ʯ


375 ɱ
ʯ֮һ½֮ϣطʯĿ
ʯ֮УżΪʯİеʱٶȸӵĿݡ
ӵ㹻ʯԼ㹻õԾ͹⿿ʯеľֱԼΪ
ֶ˵Ҳ֪˵ӵһջˡ
ΪֶĲȻߣȴҲСÿһ߶õšģ磬ôӲҡ
ʯ̺֮ľ̶ȣСȵȲ죬ǣҲƶһױ׼ͬҲֳͬĲ㼶ͺͭǮһͬǻңֵȴԶ
ʯΪϾĸƷס
Ʒʯʯ̺ȽϲӣͬҲһֿԱգյŸһ쾳ڡĸɾָ֮ȫ
ʮöƷʯ൱һöƷʯƷʯƷʯ٣ֻľȴԶҪǿࡣ൱ʮöƷʯܱõܺϡ
ʮöƷʯ൱ʮöƷʯƷʯǱȽϾˡȻǲֱȫգ̺Ŀõ൱ʮöƷʯ
ƷʯͱȽϰˡҪһöƷʯֵܵһöƷʯֻΪеѾ޿ɸӣȫֱӱգ̺൱һöƷʯܺϣ־ƷʯҲֻһĵĲλΪѵá٣ֲε˶ԣûʲôܹӴġ
ʯ̺ǲСӵ㹻ʯͿһֱ䣬ͣͻƵȼˡУ漰һ⡣
ͬһװ˵ˮͰһôһҪװĸ࣬ǲͣļˮҪ취һͰ
ԣԻָҪȴǱҪȥȻ󷽲һֱˮ֮ɵĸࡣ
ʵϣܶǿļɣӵġ
磬ȻֱʯһֱԼļޣȻǷͻƾĵҩǵȴͻƲΣȻඥܶʼ
ַҪĲƸҲǿ֪Щ֮⣬»ûӵ˲ɹġ
Ҫ֪Խеڣ׵ĲҲԽ󣡵ĺڣƷʯҲ㽫ͻԭе䡭
Եгָľǡ쾳硱ǿ۵ĵطֵطͨλһЩΣ֮صıԵɽ֮С࣬ȴԶףԵʶ׽֮У֪֮˲ࡣֻһЩгǧ꣬ߵļ֯ʸӴ
統ݻɱ޷õġ軨ħƼԵһг֮йг֮Уơ軨֮ҩֻǲġ
ӵ㹻ĲܹƷı֮߱Ϊϡ٣ı
ʯĴȻв١ǣЩǸ洫ӵȺĵӵĽ϶ࡣͬһųϣȴÿҲֻ쵽öˡöƷʯݲߵų˵ȷǲСĲƸ
ۿһ֮ȻĽ֮˻У³һŤͷһԴ֮пһۡ
ȴ΢üͷҲЩ
ͬһмǲǳ£Ҳȷߣȫ뿪˴֣ȥī֮УƷıǧˣ
Ϊȫˡ鵤ǲ¶ԼλõʱҲ޷̽飬Ҳ޴ӵ֪
˵ȻǾ֮أ뿪˴˵õİ취
뵽һѹͷͻȻһ˿Ҳٳɣһת׼Ҫ뿪
Ȼʱ򡭡
ࣣ
һ죬ͻȻ۵üֻ𣬽ţ۶ʱеԼüһ
ϵݶʱ͵һ䣬˲ع
ʶ
ݻȻ䣬Ȼ֮Уȴǧ֮һʱ֮УѾӦ˹꣬˿Ӧٶȡֻ˫Ŀ͵һգü֮䣬һŽɫâڱĿһ˲䣬Ȼ
ʶ̼͵ĺ££һǿѹͬʱʱŷ
ӴʶȻǡ࣡ͬʱǺ£ȻҪ뵽ʶ֮еʶֵʶü֮⣡
ʲô
֮⣬һ֮Уһ𾪵
֮УǱУ˫ͫѾȫ˽ɫɢĹâɫͫҲס֮ϣŨŨ֮ɫ
ġʶʸȻرˡء֮⣿
νءݵࡰʶ롰ü֮һŻ
֮ߣ˴ȫ£ŵġֻн죬ԪءŻ򿪣ӶٳԼʶӵ֮⣬ҲǺߣĲͬ
Ȼʹ⡰ʶʸһֱգǳɹɱ˳쾳ǿߡ
һΣȻԷġء޷ƣ
ݵɴǽâ˫ͫ𾪡ȻķӦٶҲν죬ֻǻһ֮û˿ԥȻȻһ֮£ֱԾӣλһ⣬ֱӳɢޱѹۿ˹ȥ
Ȼѹݵ궼ǷĲ·ʱܱѣ
Ҫˣ˽ľأ
ۣ
һѪݵĿ͵ݲ԰׵û˿ѪɫԷԼġʶʸ֮ʱɢʶѹֱѹ˲ˣ
ȻʱѾ˲
֪Ҫͦס
ֻΪֲȥȵʶʸʧԷعôȴġֻ
粽ݵΣһ⣬ȻѪٶȲδ˿ļ
׵ľ룬һ
ݵĶ쵽۷壬ʱݲ
һԷĸǰֲָһâʱ̽˫ֱָһ㣬ŶԷü֮ȥ

Ȼ֮УһȻǱԷü֮бĽɫâ˲䣬ֵס
쾳ڵΪ쾳ڵķҲ޷ƿ
ۣȻ˫ۣǿݽҧأһɫ
㣡
ۣɴ˫ͫ
Ȼʱ򡭡
࣡
һ죬۵Ժ֮𡭡ţһ˿⣬˲䣬ʶ
ۣ˫Ŀŭɣŭɫֹ˵ء

һǿϵǿѹ˲䣬ʧӰ١


376 ˪


۵ɽķݻҲһȫʧһֱ˵ϡ
ۣ
һѪݵĿУ˳Ⱦ½ݣٶȲ԰һ֡
ֻǶ̶һ˲䣬Էֻϵѹ͸˾޴˺
ա
ȻʱѾûȥƣĿ¶ɫĿһԵۣף¡
ۣѾݵһ䲢δƿķȴءʶҲһ˿εáʶʸлɳˣ˲ʶ󣬱Դչĺ⣬˲䣬ȡ۵ʶ
Ѿ뵽ľ档
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377 
֮ǰͼģݵ۾ʱһ⣬Ȼͼˡ
ȻʱһҵʶȴͻȻպɨ֯ɵǿѹͬһףֱӺըݵͷƤ֮ϣ
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΢һӦȴһӦ֮УʶȻ˶ʮÿһΪǿᣡ
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Ӧ֮Уʱеʶƺһ˲

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꽫̽׳ǹֻ֮ǿһۣݶʱһ䣬Ŀ⣬ƶ˲Զ֮һȺµ֮˵ϡĿ֮У¶ĺ⣬ڶ֮˵ɱ
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˵꣬һöȴǻһӰ˴֮Уǲǰߡ
üͷվԭƬ֮ʶһ󲨶һΣҲǻһӰʧ˷֮ϡ
Ƭ֮ڵĵӣһһŮˣ굽˷֮Сԣ۵ʬ壬Ҳܿ뿪˴˴
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Щ಻쾳кڡĵǣһڸеһݺԵͬʱȴҲһĽҡ
ǣҹҲǰᱦôġ᲻һ
֮ǰսķΧ֮Уǵʶ̽⵽ˣȴҲΪеġ
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ʶϿԷȻ쾳ڡôôͻȻ󡰴쾳ڡǿߵսȦ֮еģʲôΪ˶ȡͼôôΣõͼЩеİ۳ڵĴ쾳ǿߣɱ⵱飿ڣǣ˳ǿߣ
һɻһֲ²⣬ͬһһãȻɻ󣬺桭
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߲㣬Ҳǡͳ븱ڵ֪˲ᱦĵϢ˶ǳĬǵľҲǾ˵һ¡´˽κ˽ҹڴ˴飬ȥΥߡ
˫˫뿪˽ǰԵܲڡ
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ڡ߲뿪ҲۣڳеĴСڡīϮ飬ȴǷзĴ
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նϳ˼֣ڳ̸ɢЩϢ׽˼ֶ࣬γͽ䣬Ĵ˵Ƿ˸ۿͨʱʵӦֶεĻֻºҪӵĲ룡ǣ˳ΪһճǣҲǲܣ
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⵱Ȼڰнеģ֪ȴҲǲ١ī붼ļ֮С֪ʲôԵɣīҵΪѡ˳ĬδкӸţд󿪷֮ţͲǸϽ뿪˼
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壬īҳܴ˴ѵʱȴǲδʲôʶ֮ʿһ֮£ǿ壬岢ǲīҵǰ־֮£ȣȴҲʲô顣
һ򣬰֮棬īȻ˴ѣҪ˵˱ķ壬ȴǲ̫ܡϾīģҲֻīİԼһɿˡīңֻô죬һЩߣֻΪԭīҰˡ
ȻЩ߻صУҲԴ˶áϾҪԸīңҲҪ㹻Ĵۡ
ֵ֮Ҫȶʱ򷢶ʲôսȻʲô֮١ڴۡʱǵްŭǾͲܳеˡ
෽أ⣬ֱȶȴЩӿȵľ档
ʱ䣬Ȱӿ֮£תۣǹȥ졭

С꣬ӿƮ֮ϣѹһЩƣȥһЩζ
īҵĺ󷽣һƬɽһŨܵӲڵССɽ֮УһӰϥڴ˴
Ѿ죬ʱûƶûгһףҲûкһˮ
ɫĹƼ䣬Ѿγһɫף档ԶԶȥͬһ硣
ϥߣȴѷһЩУһɫһǹһԲ֪ƳɵĹһ鼮ԼһЩƱҩȵȡķСĳһ䡣
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ֻǣ߽˴ȴܸоһ˵ĺ⣬ȴ⻯Ӱ࣬ΧĿ̳һЩСıȥ档
Ӱڵأû˿Ķ
Ҳ֪ȥ˶೤ʱ䣬ĳһ̣һϸ΢ġž𡣶ڵһ֮󣬡žžžž֮ȴǱܼ
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飡
һǸȫġס˲䱬ɢ
Ȼ͵Щסصһ̣ȴȻһ١

һͬӱ֮ʱصɽ֮Уһ֮ЩסƬʱڿһֹ󣬡žžžܼ֮ٶ𣬾ȻһƬƬѳ˷ĩ
һǿתɨеġסмʱͬһ֮Уƶ𣬳Ӱ㼯ȥ


379 ̵㣨ϣ
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̣˵ʵϣȴֻǶ̶һ˲ѡ

һϢһɣÿ̳֮һŰɫ˵ϣʧ
ԴˣһзŻָƽӰ˫ۡ
ѹ֮ǿѹƱʮȴתء
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ƺʱ̫ܵЩԺ΢Ƭ֮˲ŵͷ˿Լ֣΢ȭʱǴһž糭һ졭
ӰǱˣǵձ۵ѹˣֱﾪ˵ݡ
ݵͷԼ֣΢ѹüͷ֮΢͸¶һݺ֮ɫ֮ϣȴܷ֣ƣѾȫָ
һԼ˫֮󣬶ӣվ
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΢һ壬ԼĸܣаԲ²⡣
֮ˣѾо顣״̬ȴܴµƲԼ˵ʱ

ʱһȴݲɵĴ˴һҵļУȴһӳУɵһüͷӡ
ȥȷжʱûгԶˣӼ̶ϣѿ
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ڡϪϽҰľ飬ɽ֮ѰһЩʳݡ
еǿڼ֮ǰѾƬ֣µϢҲѾɢ٣һЩҰ֮ȻҲ»
ݲδķѶĹ򣬱ѰһͷС͵ͬһСҰޣֱ֮ɱĴһЩܼ֦ڸǣʶδȫʪ͸ĲӲݣŷص֮ǰɽ
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һѾȥëƤͿ˷θҰϡѪʱСĸǰ
ҲʵһЩѪδϴɾݾѾص˶Уһõľ֮ȥѾȼ֮ϣĿ
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һѱ֮зһʱǽһɫᣬ˳ݵ۾ʱ˼֡
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ʶǴ쾳ЩǿߣĹƿԷʸҲûСԷһѹҲ˲ˣǿǰûйչĻȣ̫Զ̫Զ
ȻǣҲûа취ƾĸ֣ȫʧȥ˼ά˲ȫʧȥӦ
ȫţ쾳ȣϡ쾳ߣдĸֵȣ£ͬҲֻϰˣ
ۣЩᵽǿϹʱڣݺ֮ͼȻҲѾ˼ʱ䡣ǧ꣬꣬꣬ʮꡭôʱ֮£ͼĸ̺֮Ĺ⾳ȻŨңӰһ˵ԣοֲһ飿ָۣһִڣ
Ѿȫ޷ۣѾȫǳ֪ĲεĴڣ


380 ̵㣨£
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֮ݷŻع³һУš
ƾĸ֣ݱ֪Լðǵȴգȫֵõģ
ĵͳУ󣬾֪һֲֿ
ͼ֮оʲôȴѾε˿Թۿˡֻĸ֣ӵǿôӡͼ֮е壬ָһֲֿ¶ѾԼ˰ɣһչ콵ܣܵӣͼĸ֣ҲдʵҲһʸ֤һգҿĸ֣ٳʲô󣬱Ҳͱ־ӵ˽֮չʸ񡣵ڣȴûС
ͼı棬ȴ˳˼ɣͼĸ֣Ǽ򵥵ͨͨдġпרµĿ顣
ͨ⿼飬ʸͼ򡭡¾ǺԸˡ
һֿ飬£ҲһȰ롣
ͼô꣬϶ֹһ˵õΪʲôһֱ컹۵ؾҲû˿£ܴԭڣЩ˵õͼûʸȴǽ֮˵ԵʰɣǻǸûоԵİգȴǲᶯ
ݳ˼Ƭ֮һ֣صĽͼԼĻУղء
رʱȻáպ󣬱Ȼã̤۷֮·ԣȻ𵽼ã

ͼպãҲܿĵԼĿ⣬Ͷ
ͼرĿǰ׶ζԣȴ޷ݴʲôôʣµЩȴͱȽʵˡ
öڵһöѪͫģǶƷ۷һö˵ķġʵȥ֮ѪͫҪѷɫһƷҰˡ
ȻǶƷڣ˵ȴҲǼΪҪġ
ѧ֮ͻƵ˵ڶ쾳öʱͿԽ쾳۷ĳ̶ȣ
۾аš
ҪȵͻƵ쾳öܷӳЧ
֮쾳粻ͬ쾳磬˵ˣֻۻӵ㹻ĵҩһҹ֮䣬ֱͨӴһͻƵʮ۷ĳ̶ȡΪ֮δ漰⾳档
Ȼ֮Ȼ
ӵױȵƸ޷򵽡롰⾳ڲϲȥٶҲ޷
ͺñһͰˮǲһˮͰˮ㵹ӵеģֻһͰˮѡ
ˮˮͰ⾳
⾳ԽߣˮͰԽ󡭡ڵڣˮͰɡϪ󡱡

εḶ́ȴûܹ㣬ֻܿԼ
Ȼǧ磬治Сʮʮšһ˿һ˿޵Ŀܡ
ϣаͻơ⾳롰򡱐Ľ޵ڵġǾǵҩ
ȻͻƵȼĵҩÿһ֣Ǻ˼¡ÿһöֵҩ֣ǱֱӾۣԲǵԵõõġ
٣ûа취õġ

˵ȵ֮ãҲöҩǷԼĻУĿȴǼеһСɵĴӤҲ޷ɫΧ֮ϡ
һҹջ˵۸ջôʣѪͫݵջ񣬾Ҫ࣬ңҲΪá
Ʒף
ϸϸĸţ۾
⡰סͨڣ渡ķԵضӡϵʱʵ˺еĸߴڲͬ
ȻȴΪԱģ֪Ҫͨһϵеֶƣ֮ԼΪԼʹ
ȵ佣ڣѧñұͽ֮ˡһ̸ǿǼΪĴڣҲһûСӵһҵķʱҪɰٱʱǴ쾳ߣҲûа취׾ٵĽһɱټ˪ҵĹҲʱҪ쾳ߣҲûһս֮
ݵĿ⣬ɵ뵽һԵİ˪ǰɫĳǹ֮ϣ·Цݡ
漴һ˿Цȴ΢һ¶˼ɻ󣺡˵Ҳ֣Ѫ֮ͫ⣬ϵսףȴǲ֪ȥʲôطҲϡĪǱǼӴȥ
ȴ뵽īͷǶǴս׵ġȻõģȴֻѪͫϵһʣµļȴ䲻ɱ˶ᱦ֮УʵҲЩɻġֻʱʱ̫ʶ˼ˡ̵ȻҲˡǵնڵͷˣ˵ϽɣҲϽɸˡҲδϵõ
Щɻ󣬲漴ȴҡҡͷˣǼϰɣһҲǹˡ
뵽ݵҲڶ롣ֵָһŽ֮һԡȡһһż
ܸ٣
ҪļֵֻⱾܸ٣ͼ֮ΪصĴڣ֮һ̸ǿѧҲѧĶܸ٣ļΪ꾡ԺȴҪһǡ£һֺõǿǼΪġ
аţļֵ֮ͨﻹҪһЩ
뷨ֿ˼֮֮ͬԼĻС
Ȼֵͷ
һһżһһ֪Ƥɵͼ棬һЩԵͼ
ݿĿȴ¶˼֮ɫ
ȻǴ½ͨʲôԼ¼ȴǲУⱡĹžڴϣǺеϡһȴǵ֮еΰꡭʲôв֪ŹֵӦһЩֵġҽ佣ڣ´һ£˵ʳһЩʲô
ţ󣬽ҲǷ˻С
ʵһֱŽ佣ڡʵΪԼʲôط
۽磡
۽磬ʵ̫СһЩ߶õĳʶȴһϹȻǡ쾳ߡϾѾչذϣණݽܵҲ̫꾡ԣݼһЩ
Ȼ佣õѡΪ󻪹Ĵ֮һ佣֮ǿǿġЩϰ꣬ǧ꣬ʶݿԱ⣿ϵõ飬ǿܽᡭ
ԣ뾡ǰ佣ڣȻ󣬲Ҫ۷֮·

ʮŹֵʯͷȴ֪ʲô
պݵĿ⣬ȴǿʣµһЩŹֵģԼĪʯСͨȴǷԲʯͷ
Щʯͷ۵ĻõġܲڶԷĻݶ϶ӦҲǷҲ˳
ܸоЩʯͷ֮ϣ̺żΪŨУʮ߿ʯͷ΢һЩоſţȴǼΪΪơ
ѵҲĳ
üͷȴҲֻ²⡣


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Ƭ̣ȴҲ޷Ūʲô֮¶˼Ρ
ҵ۽绹̫խһЩӣʯͷʲôҲõȵ佣ڣиˡȻ֮ġ
ţҲֱӽЩʯͷǷԼĻС
ؿһιоǲֲˡ

ʱһö
Ǹöð
š
Ҳ֪ôˣӦò°ɣ
𡰴ȻŮӡҲ֪ôˡ
һҡҡͷ֮˦Ժֿ˵֮ϡ
ЩΪֵȽصﶼãĵ֮ϣֻʣһЩҩƱ
Щҩʱ֪书ЧԻҲɫŲζ
ҲʲôҪĵҩϾЩ쾳ϣʲôҪﶼûֻǴЩҩѵǻĵҩɣ࣬ҲһЩ˻һЩ⹦ܡ
֣֮Щҩ27
ƱȴЩšϵģȫǳĴƱֻмǧġ
Լģһ㣬Ȼߴʮǧ˰
⵱һĸߵֵ춼ۣЩֵѾһͼȫƸ
Ҳ쾳ߣȻЩ֮ϾҪ֮ߣһҲûУͽЦ
ǲƴ֣ÿϴϸģҲĽ

̵굱յջ־һżĶᱦ֮սȷǲðǵգջ񣬳ϵĶࡣ
ҩƱԶ˱ѾĻ֮εЦЦתʼһ˼ĹĵһԵ
Ѿܸߣݷת
ʱһǴɽ֮Ʈ˳ݸеġ֮ҲԽ
ȻûʲôϣݻǳԵĽζͷ⣬ȫװĸС

ʳ㣬ĳ³һ˵ϡ
һϵͷת˵ľļϾȴǷܡ
ֱ֮ӣһ
ڣҪǰ佣ˡڴ֮ǰܻҪ̼ұƽġȴҪǵˡ
аš
ʮ̼֮ദΣݽס¶һ˿Цݡ
̼Ȼ֮޼ҪС̫࣬Ҳǲ޼ң̼ȴǶһ޼ûеζݣùһ˺ͺĸо
ӱãӦǲʲôµġֻǣҰɣҾȻȥһˣȻ뿪ɡ
š̼ôѾһ䣬ҲΣգҲȥ̼Ҹ˵һ
ҪǰʶҲҪسһ˵ġ
뵽Ҳٳɣǳ˶
Ŀ⳯¿˿һ򣬱λһâжȥããܼ֮С

ǣ̼ҡ
Ĵ֮ϣٰŲʱʱŴ֮⿴һۣԵΪ꣬ϵ֮ϴżɫ
ƿ̼ôҴҴ߽ʱ򣬲ϵѾЩǵ˫ʱһϽӭȥ
ôҵС𣿡
ƿ˶΢һȴǵͷϹżֵ֮ɫҡҡͷȴ̾һ
ûСĴҹϵҵһֵĶܲĿػĻشǰ˵Ļشһ鷢ĵȻв˶ȥ˶նûн棬ֻ֪һ֮󣬱Ǳǲɢˡʱֲ̫࣬ʶСݣԣҲ˵Сݵʱǲ桭ƿһۣգȴҲֻ΢ȻĻ㱨մ̽Ϣ
û𣿡ԭѾ΢ЩӣٶȻȥ͸һ˿ʧ䡣ٰʱֲ˼֡
үүҲ̫ģעҪݱܣ쾳ľǿߣһµġʲô鵢Ҳһ̫ˡ
һԵıүү飬æߵߣ֮ס̲סȰο
ǰǰүүˣݱˣһµģӱҲϽ˵СԴͬܵ˱ٰߣŵСϿүүҲһƬġ
ٰ֮ϣֳһ˿Ц·δŮĻֻҡҡͷ֮д˵ı⣺̶ᶼ磬⺢ӣС޼ֻСң־ʱ򡭡⺢ӣСԵĿ࣬Ƕ޷󡭡ΪþǰѾˡ˻ˣһžˡû뵽Ȼֳ¡ҡҡȡȿȡ
˵󣬱ٰȻǼ˵ҵĴϢ屾Ͳ̫õ˾ҵĿ
ȱ𼤶ȱ𼤶עӰ
ƿ˶ʱһæһ߿οһæҵĽ˷ϡ
Ѿǰʮˣ֮ʱ˺üξ䣬ŮȻǼ˥ܡҹΪ֮ĵıٰһֱôáֲߣֻһͨߡһǲ˳
үүҸȥݱ磬úϢһҵġ
ӱһԣ۵ĿүүᶼҪˣ˵
ǰˣ²̫Сݼ࣬ز֮ˡӱȥңһҵġȴҪ壬ҪȻһ˻ȴǲˣǺð
ƿү˳߿οš˵˵ñٰ΢һЩҲ˳һ
ӱһ֮ǿο˱ٰת˳ȥ
硭˵ݱ磬ȥĶˣᡭڵֻصīıЩµĹǸ
һֱ˱̸ĴţӱС֮ϣ̲סֳ˵ǵɫԼһֱĵǣѯ˳
ġݱ粻ô³ç֮ˡһû¶
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ΪʲôûκεϢأ˵ֻȥ֪ͨһϾͻİ
ӱ̲סͷɻ
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Ĭãվһûж˵ʲôҡҡͷŻĵûʲôȥҰɡ
˵꣬£ȴǼӿ˲ӡ
ӱ˴üĿŸıӰգŴ۾Զһۣٶ˼ǣеɻҲʱѹȥ£ȴǼӿһЩٶȣ׷˱
ıĬ֮Уȴ΢΢˸һ˿ȻĹâ
ֻǣûаǵˣԡûи֪ȥɣ񡭡Ѿ⡮ǡ
У˵ˡ֮Ļ


382 
ڱ̼£ΪѰݶĴ֮̽ʱݣȴѾ˶ֵ֮شңңģѾܹǸߴĳš
֮Ĺٵ֮ϣпͲ٣һȥΪ߲ƵĳǹУ켣Ⱥ֮УȴԵ̫ۡ
󻪹缫أķ䣬ŷǹҲǼΪıСеĳǹȥ⼣߰ߣԭʵضѾȻ˵ĿӹȴҲֻǻ۱û⵽
Уݻ켣Щп֮У׵ģ߽˳֮СĻûж࿴һۣ˳С
Ȼ̤֮ݵĿȴ΢һתĿ΢ʱųһ๩ЩϢĳǷ֮ɨһۡ͸δϵļз죬ȴǿԿ棬мΧ׵Ľעˣ֮У͸¶ֱ֮ɫ·Ѱʲô
ƺûгݿһۣݴǵĸǰݵ˹ȥ
ݵУӹһ˿Цɫû˿²δ˿ͣ٣Ӵݵ˳Уӵ˳
ӣ붼˲ģһУӶء
ڷٵǵĴ֮ϣ켣Ⱥ֮УݵĸӦȴ׵ĲʱɨǿʶĿȴףЩǿʶˣ¾Ѱ
ݿɱ붼Ĳٴ쾳ߡϿпܽǡ֮Ĵ쾳ߣɱ˴롣ǵԮϵݸֱûת£¶ǵʶ֮СҲ˵ٶȳ֣Щ˵ʶʱʱҪ¶
¶֮ľ棬ҲͿˡ
ڣӵСԴԹ淨ţٶȰһæЩӴʶ֮Уȴǲ
⡰һϢļΪ߼ĹĽݵϢ٣쾳ߣԲġ
ڸһߣδ޴֪
в̫ƽص̼ңһһǸϽ뿪ǡ
ݱţ߼ӿһЩٶȡ
붫ž벢ڼӿٶȵ˵ȴҲ㲻ʲô
ԼĪʱ֮󣬱̸ĴţѾݵ֮С
ݲδͣĿע̸Ƭ֮ҿ˿ս˱̸ΧǽһԵС֮С
Сݽ֮ȴһһΣǻһӰԾǽͷʧ
̸ڣɣµλãʮ̼ǸС԰԰һϸѵʯС·̾ͣÿһͷһŲ֮ʯšһͷͨһͷͨȴЩʱڱ̼ҵľ
ҿ˿ı̸ԵüΪʪȻͥԺ֮еĻݣȴ¶ŷҷ
ԥȴ̾һתֱӳͨԼס֮ȥ
ƿţھɣǰ뿪֮ʱûжٵȻÿն˴ɨ
ݲδɣҿ˿֮󣬱֮ǰչ֮ϵһҳֽ΢ī͡
Ƭ֮ͣ˶ֽ֮ϣȴѾһЩɷĴ֡
ʡݴӻȡһЩǵջƱ
ʮǧ˰
΢ݽеľǧͷԼϣģȴǷ֮ϣ̨ѹס
ģҲֻЩˡʲƸϵµĹ̼ڶʱڣһܹܿĪ˵ΪĴǰǿʢ٣Ҳٺܵ˵衭
ԴĿϵƱȴ̧ͷԶ
߳䣬Ƭ֮һٳɣһΣ漴䡱һ죬Ȼը죬ΣѾײ֮ʧ
뿪֮ͥԺһ󼱴ٵĽŲ˾˱ƿ֮Уż֮ɫֱӣסķ˹ȥ

˱̼Ҵţֱӱǳһȥ
һĿ꣬Ҫǰ佣ڡ佣ڵڸ֮أʶʶǴ󻪹ǣ˴ΪңԶˮ·ȴ޷Ҫ˷Ѽʱ䡣
޸󻪵־Ѿ֪ʶڡ
󻪹ʮһȴĴʡ
У춼ԼḮƽʡ
ḮٹȥǽһʡΪƽʡҲ֮أֱǡ̫͸Լ
ƽʡһ࣬һʡΪʡʡ֮ͬأֱΪϻɽԼ
ٹȥɽʡʡ֮أֱΪݸǧƸɽ
⣬Ǵ󻪹ġʡʮ֮ء
ʮ֮⣬вκһʡϽġǡ󶼳ǣڡḮһڤԼ󻪹Ҫڣɽʶ
һУǹ󻪹
⡰ʡʮ֮䣬Ȼδʲôϣˮ·ݺᣬͨ˴Ͼˮ·֮лǸ½ء
ǹˮ·Ǻ·Ҫм·̡֮ϡߵ󻪼ġʶûоŸʮ£޷ִ
ȴЩȲҪϽϵʶôͱҪҳһĵ·
ݣڳ֮ǰѾƻˡ
׼ˮ·ִߺ·Ḯ롰ٻˮ·УֱӴʡִݸٻ·ʶ
ţĵִʶ·ߡȻȻвٵ·Ҫߣٱȹߺ·ˮ·ʡ˽һ·̡һζ·;ٲʲôʵĻ£µʱ䣬ӦþͿԵִ
зǾͷˡһˣԼĪʮ쵽ʮʱ䣬ǿԵִ
뵽֮·̣ݵЩĽЩӵСβ˵Ҫ·ȷҲǷࡣ
ϧݻֻǳ֮ˣʲôģ̫ңԶһЩ
ҡҡͷݱǲٶ룬ǰ
δķѶ೤ʱ䣬ݱһλĵĳꡣ
ҿ˿֮󣬱߽˵С
λӣЩʲôСĳΣǿɶȫȫõġ
ſڣͣ˲ٵڵڣǰڷŲεһòͨͷڵڡݽæվк
׼һһ򡣡
ݻһ۵ֱ֮ӴͷĽܡ


383 ƾ
ͷ΢һܿعѯʵ˻ǳˣ
ˡ
Ŷͷ۾ʱһ
νˣǲǡܱ߰ٹǶˡνġˡҪ뿪ǡ֮أȥġǡʡ
۸棬ȻǡˡĶ࣬ҿ׬ȻҲȽ϶ࡣ
صδ

ͷԣ˵ͷ֪ӣ׼ʱ
ԽԽá
Ŵԣͷ۾һݼۣȴǸЦ˼ûġֻھΪӣٳѾ뿪ˡǡʣµһЩѾһЩԤԣ׼ʱ䣬ҪһЩ
ڡǡھƸӣڽݽ֮󣬾ѾһЩ˽⡣һЩ·˵̸ۣ˵֣⡰ǡҪӭһδĺƽ٣Ѿвٵ뿪ˡСǰգʵˡ׼׼ǿֶΣץɱһĵˣ΢ܵһЩơ
⼸ȥˣȻѾ֮ǰǰ㡰׼׼Ҫ뿪ǵܵһϵеʡԣͷĻҲġ
ֻüϵı飬֪롣
Ҳ⣬ֱͳһ°Ʊָ󣬿ͷͷ۾ʱһæܵݸǰҪȥ
ȴȴ΢һ֣ͷʱץһգһ㵣Щ֪Ŀݡ
׼ãѯʡ
һ֮󣬿Գ
ͷ۾һкɣЦ
⻰ŵ˵ͷɿ֣ȥɡ
ͷƱУüЦõĺõģС϶ȥ׼Ժ򡭡
˵꣬ͷһСܣŵȥ
ݿŶԷܽ˵ڣҲż˫֣µĿһ԰ڷĳװΣĵȴ
ӣԳˡ
δȴ̫ãݵ󣬱ǴͷĵЦ
Ťͷֻͷһ׳ӵ˳
ݿ׳һۣΪ࣬Ƥڣòͨü֮䣬ȴ͸¶־֮ɫȥΪݿʱҲǺĿݡȻ󣬳һЦӡ
׳Ȼһ쾳ڵߣ
⵹΢һ¡漴ݵҲ⡣
쾳㣬˵ʲôֻ֡Ǹ·Ļһ⳵ҲӦˡٲٵ鷳
뵽ĵ˵ͷ
˵ķñȽϰ˴ҲԶ복ķãټϳųŷáһһʮ
ͷ۲ݵɫԷĵͷæʧ̵Цߵݵĸǰͷ
ݶƱǿ̫أ֮ԣûжٵ;ȥʶ·;ңԶ;̲Ҫ㲻٣ͷ
˵ֻͷҲоǧֻҪݲãֻΪ̲Ļʳ£Ϊݳ޵һֱߵʶдࡣԣ⡣
ͳŰƱȴ˵Ǯû⣬ϣƽƽĳǡ㶮ҵ˼
ȻȻӷģùƽƽ뿪
ͷؿĵֱ졣
ҲǴ󻰣аôһҳУǺߣ֪⳵еȻǸһЩġƽǣǶԣȷʲô¡
ȻôĻҪ㡣⣬ҲͷᵽġǷá
ã⼸Ÿռȥġ
뵽ҲΪɴ࣬ǮкǾһǳȥ
⣬һݻͣſڴֻһƥëɫȻȲϺѪҲûж⡣
ڵߣƥѵú˻ĳҲѹշѲˡ
ĵ˵ͷ˳ǾĳҲԣϳλϣ϶һޣһž֮У춯֮䣬ſڣűʻȥ
ʵĽ֮УȴŤͷһȥ
Ҹղ뿪֮ʱһЩЩǮ˾ǣӦѾ˰ɣ
ݣš

ݳѾ̤һ·;ʱ򣬱̸Ĵ֮УȴһƬĬ
ٰݺᣬ΢˫֣һĿһ顣ɷϿԿ⣬ݷµֽ
һԵıƿݵľȴǵĵ̷ٰңֳ̫ʲôʡ
ߵĲ輸֮ϣǰڷźһƱ
ʮ
ڱ̼˵Ҫһʾ޿ǽ̼еĻҵ£Ҳ˾ŷ֮һ̼ǽ֮Էչñ̼ı仯
˿ǾԲľ޿񣬱̼Ҿƽ׵ĵõˡǵġݡ
ǽӴʮ죬Ǻ˽ģ
úӡúӡˡˡ
ֽٰݵ鿴һ飬ٴ̲סˮ¡
֮УݲδдĶɿ顣ݱһݿǷıٰڿ֮ȴסݺᡣ
ʮ갡ӦûڸĸϥǰлĺӰЩ˶ĿࣿһУ⹫ģȴһ˿һҲﲻϣ
ﲻҲˣ⺢Ӻò׻ؼˣס˶ãҪҴ뿪
ֻǴҴ뿪ҲͰˡƫЩ
ȲʮƱܶԱ̼һؽҪá֮ǰڲµЩѾ޼֮
Ҫ֪µĹǿһֱеģ
־ʲô־⣬̼꣬ʮ֮Улߣ
ߣʲôһߣǴ޵Ŀܣ
̼ҴӴ˾пգɳΪңǧңԶ
һеĸԷû˿ĻرñͶݻſǷ֮ĵıٰԴԴ
ٰţˮۡ
̫ѹˡ佣ҲŹţ붼һӴݶܵõǵУݶĸֺ֡αΪЩ˻Ҫ壬žݶڴˣҲԲԸ⿴ΪЩѹġ
ƿվ̲סȰοСݵĳƺҲȫˡСݣݶ֮УҲ͸¶һƼ˰ĸ顣
ݵΪñƿ֮ԼһˣٽֻΪõ۰ݼڡ
ƿĻȴδʲôáٰᣬȻͣĿ͡
ƿ̾һһԵһۡ
ӣͬҲǴżΣҡҡͷ
ˣ״˻οүӱͶһ֮ģԷ뿪Ȼһʰ˵ȰοҲ𲻵õġ
ƿվܾϸڴ˸ˣʶһֱߡȥ֮󣬴Ϊֱ˵̫ķٰۺᣬȴǲ֪֮г˯˹ȥ


384 
ƿһ̽һֻ֪֮˯ˣǷעѾϵĸã̶̾һֱݶϡݶ˳ϵĶԴҵȣ˵ΣԲ˸С˯һԵ˵ҲǺ¡
һ˵ͷҲǿų˯ȥıƿ̾һݶǸúӡ
ƿĵ˵ͷһĿ⣬һԵʮƱ
Ŀģ˼˵ɡ
ã⣬ұ̼ҵһλᡭһΣڣԽĻᣡ
һѾ΢һ˿ɷȴû˵
ʮƽʱ𵽵ȻСȴҲ̫󡭡Ȼãȴ̫ˣӯնī֮УЩΪֻīҵĳʲôףǣвٲ֮ˣԶﴫĴ˵ҲƤ׼뿪˵񡮽ĵƤΪԵʱ֮ǰȻģȴҲȥЩڣʮע룬ԹƽضεĵƤȵʱĴһ
ƿ˷ܵĻ
طĵƤڼƿĿ⼫ԶȻ֪νġ֮ԶﴫĲš
տʼѾĸое̻κμʣ಻࣬һ𡣵ʮܹƽʱٰʮҲ޷򵽵ȵʱķһЩǾǹĲƸ̼ҴӴ˷ɻڴҲǿģ
ȻһԵӿ˷ܵݣȴ¶ֵġȻɷû룬ȴҲòѵǡұ̼ҵԵôһʳ𣿻˵𣿡
ƿȴһЦǺµȵŹۺұ̼ң
ԣ˵ͷ
ģЩҶѾǺˣ֪Ȼұ̼ΪݶԵɣѾ˱ǿʱǱϾֻʱѣѾǿôʱ䣬ʲôľٶұ̼ңûгԿ֮ǰǲע⵽ұ̼ҵġİɣţ
ƿһһ˲䣬֮Уȴǰ˷ܣԼһҰģ
һݣԼ壬̤ϸߵ۷šҰģ

ڱƿδгӯҰĵʱ򣬡ǡŴǵĶ֮УһΪݻ
ϳģһͷ꺺ӡĽɫĻס˳Σȴ޷֪֮˭˵Ŀ⣬Ŀ²֮˵ݡ
ѵĳˣ׼뿪ˣ
⼸ʱ䣬ʱݻ뿪С˶֪еԵɡȻΪǡ֮Ĵš
ʵϣŶӵųǵģҲд󲿷־ΪԵ˴ġԣ˲оȡֻǺ棬ǳ֮ˣʲôݣһʲôҪ
˵ϸۣȻûӳĶ䡣⾫ȴ⣬Ȼ޾Ȼ֮ǰɫʡ
ƾһ
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ſڣһʶǶг쾳ߣڰشš
ڶţҲгߣУ쾳һ쾳ֻһ쾳ȴֻˣһ룬ֻһ쾳쾳ţȻ̽ص㡣
ݶУĿĸӦܺɨʶȴȷ
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Щ˿Ҳ֪ûʲôáˡһݽˣȴǲ̫ġ
Ȼܿͨйؽڣ¶һ˿мЦȴǲ⣬ĵĵȴ

齥ԽԽ̣һֵ˳ɹĳ˳ţиһˣ˻֮˵֮ϣ󶼴ż࣬Ǵ϶ŮҲͨȻ֮УЩҵ׵
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ȻǽĻδأĳȴѾˬЦ̧ͷȡ˶
ǽ΢һɫڼǳݵʱ΢һЩ˵ͷԭ㡭
ľһЦ¶һڽ׵ЦСܣ绹ǵСܰ
˵ͷȴ΢һüͷ⳵ĺˣ³ܼ顣
磬⳵Ŀɲǳ֮ˣһүǰЩʱȥǡ춼ʡףǴȥءյǣǵľ񡭡
¶ˬЦݣ˵ţߵǽĸǰźۼĽһ˶ԷУкǺЦ
ǽͷһ۾ʱһȻһ鲻СĻƽ֮Ҳ¶ۼ͵͵֮Уȴ˵˭Ҫܼġ
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˵ţߵԱߣ˵ӣˡҪ鷳³һ¡
ȻһУղڶУȻδţȴҲ֪Ǹô¡аСĳȻ֮࣬ȴҲϵӣ
λʲô𣿡
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385 
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νġٵҲǾߵģ֮ͨصĵ·Ϊߣʶ·ƽ̹Ȼʯ̾ͣҲԹУΪ
ݳƾ򡰹ֱŴ½߶ȥ
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˼ȴѾʼΪԼ佣֮㡣
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ҲԣЩ˲һȺں֮ڡڳڣʶһɨ׵ķ֣Ⱥɽ֮УʵǿģҲһƷڵ߰ˡɽԼĪʮˣǵ΢ʵȴעǳԲԵġ򡱡ڹֻ֮ЩɽҲ֪Ӳӣٲҹය޶ɢ
ڴʱݶˣҲһ֮أḮ
Ḯƽʡ춼롰֮һء
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Ϣݵǲ΢һٵ˸˼¡
漴ȴһЦˣȽȥ˵ɡ
ǡ
ЦЦҲϻֱӱǼʻ˳С

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һҪУѰһĴʻ㣬Ǿֻһ
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386 ٻΣ
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ʱ󷨱ԵˣҲжֻ˫ָϲԼüһ㣡ţΣ·ȻһΣ󣬴ǵü֮䣬ͻȻһͬǱòâֱΪ̣죬ɫڱ֮ǰһΣʱֱӳУֱӣ˵֮ڣ
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387 ǿ
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⵽ʲô
ݻҵĲţʶʶ֮УĹĶʶҪʷɢѹסǣǾ޴ʷ̺̫ǿᣬ˹һ˿ʱʶҲȫ޷֮⣡
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ʶ֮ϱѹŵʶȻֻһʱſеʷȥ
ֻһӴʷ˲ײ˳ȥȻֱӿٳһգʧ
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Ҫҵˣ
ͬʱɾ֮ϣվ֮еļˣ΢һ¶˼ϲɫӦУѾҪĿˡ
Ȼʱ򡭡

һƵĲȴͻȻصȫûлع˲䣬ֻáˣһ죬һ˵ͷ֮ϵգȻʧһ󶴡
󶴵Ĵһաǿյ㣬֮УһƵͽȻ֣
䣡
صĹһ˲һݵͣ١Ȼ֮֮֮ͣУһ޴ʷȻ֡󣬺Ȼһ͵ֱ˵֮ϣ
ۣ
ˣͬʱα˳ȥУѪ֮ϵ󷨣Ҳ˲䣬ȫʧȥ˹
ʲô
ͬʱ˽յ˫ͻıʣȻɫ䣡
ήҲ˲ʧ˴롭̶̵һ˲䣬ˣȻȫˣ
СΪʲôСӣСӶӵˣ´ΣӾҪˡ
Ǿɲ֮ʱһϵȴǺƵĳǵԺ֮С
һ仰ǵʶ˲·𣬼һ㡣
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Ȼ˻عػ˵һ仰֮кٶ֮СգҲ΢һ£ָյģ
ž
֮ϵˣȫİȻ֮ϣȴǴ˿˿Ȼ̧ͷſС
У絭ᣬ·ʲôȻ֮ϣȴͬһ籩ܵ滨ȫ۶ϡһԵ¥Ǳƻ˲١
֮󡭡
ǿ٣Ҳǵϵǿߣ
ģŮӣٶ³һѪһ˵ء
С󣬹Ȼǿߴڣ
߰Ŀ꣬ʱҲǳ³һ֮󣬱һ
쵰쵰̫̫Ҫ֪ͨʦ֪ͨʦ𣡾ȻֱɱڣҪڣ
һԵаӣȴݣˣѾȫŭһַ
߰Ŀüͷһ壬һۣȴһû˵
Ȼʱ̫̣ûŪѾȷԷҪǰ𣿡
ģŮͬûаӵŭüͷӵվѯʵĿ⣬ݸ߰ӡ


388 뿪
ڵٻ󣬲ֻѰҶԷλô򵥣ͨԷʶŪԷݣȵһϵе顣⣬ҲʷֻѹסôõԵɡʵһѹ޷Զһ棬ҲΪŪԷ
ϧҪҵԷʱǿڣȴͻȻ֣ǿдǵ˵˳ŽԷʶġٻӡҵǡǹһ
Ůӵʻ΢ü֮ȴһĿ䣺ˡǿ߼ȻѾ˵ĻǱȻ˵ҪڶʲôֽţֻµҪɱȥûϵǶС겨ֻҪʹٻҵȵгع顭ʱһ֮𣡾ʱǵһɡ
˵仰³һ·뽫ԼؿڵŭҲ³ȥһ㡣
ڣȥһɡǿߣʵ̫ǿ֮ȻδǡǸϽһ
˵仰ǲٶ˵תѭһ򣬻һӰȥ
Ҳ߰ɡ
ʣµ˼֮Ҳֻε뿪˵

һ֮ѡʱ׷٣Ƶʱ򡣶Զٹ֮¥֮еݣʱȴ𾪵Ŀǰһˡ
޴ɫ«İɫۣЦŵװ磬ɫľǡ
˶ݶԣʵڲİǵ޼ŵĹŹͷչˣˣ
ֻǣôԼʶ֮еģ
ʵЩµⷶΧ֮⣬ԣš
Ȼʶ֮ŵĹŹͷʱȴδݵ𾪣üֹŹֵݣݻڡ
Ƭ֮ŹͷҡҡͷֹŶ೤ʱ䣬СӾȻֱӴ쾳쾳ڣġٶȣȻ졭
ŹͷֹСҲδСһعɻĵǰ˵ʲô
ûʲôûʲô
ʻͷһæصʵСǸʲô¶ˣȻڵĸ쾳߷ٻѰ㣿
ʲô
ͷʱһ
Ȼٻʲô֣˲䣬֮ǰͻȻֵʷԭȻڵѰˣ
ǣôѰҵԼģѵǿٻ
Уʱ캧Ȼ
ǰԿ棿΢䡣
ƭ㵽Ǹʲô¶ģ
Źͷһ档
⡭ԣȴ΢һ
߲߶ԷأЩԥ
Źͷʵ̫أʵЩղסԷԼһʲô˼
˵ԶԷǿҪɱԼ֮䣬ûбҪˣʲôСֶκĻġ
飬ȴǴ͸¶ŹŹ֡
ԼԷ޹ʣ˵ЩᡭԷǵûжԼôŹԼԼչһżΪ깥طһ˵˼ά
񣬻ͻȻԴͨԼʶ֮УԼȹһδѡ
ϸ˵ԷԼжȴòһ⡪֪Լգʱֵģ˸ǡΪ
ݲòżֽ䱸
ԣͼ飬òø߶ԷʵЩԥ
ȻߵݻԥǱĵȴŵͷͻȻɫ΢һ䣬ѩ׵üͷ΢һ塣ʱӿ
ˣҲ㡣ȰСӻǸϽ뿪ȻӽǵٻˣҲǡǱϾڵˣӸͷҲмֽ飬ɱ֡ԣȻûŪݣŪķλǿ϶˵ġȻһǻ᲻Ҳҿ϶СӸϽ뿪õʱѿϷʶ֮һסٻ֮׷׷٣ȴֻΡ㣬Ϊ֮
˵Уͷαǻûⷬ˵꣬ΣȴѾȫʧ
ţδعʱʶϿգһգȴͻȻ֡ͷһɺʶȴ̼䣬û֮С
Ȼû֮ǰ˸ɫķȴͻ֮зڶ
ɫʵʣɢһױȵӴѹ˵ѹ֮УݵʶδܵʲôӰ죬ȻȴȻܸоһԴľ
𾪵Ŀ֮Уɫڿ΢һ˲䣬ûݵĽɫʶ֮УʧʧͬʱǹӴѹҲȫΡ
һ¶ԭĿռ֮ɫͷǹϢҲȫʧȥ
ʶԴˣָƽ
ĴĿſеľ䣬ԷͨѾȫ
֮ȴ³һݣȴǱ
ĿĿ˽ɫʶйâ˸
ȻƬ֮һͷһתݵʶʧ˽ɫʶ֮С

ӣӣ㵽ôˣ
ʶջص֮Уݱ˶ߴһӵУй
ҿ⹫ӵ״̬ǽĳ״̬ɣ
мʶ֮ԥһ֮˵
У˭ʱͻȻУ
Ƕ򣿡
ֲ²⣬
ݳĬ۾
ĿһɨܣѾΧ˲ٵˡʳ͡żżı飬ݵߣ
ԭͻȻʷ䣬ʶʶ֮Уʵ֮УȴǱô
һʼΪԷֻͻȻĪķȻͷɻ󣬵Ҳûʲô
Ƭ̣ȴֶԷͻȻ۾Ȼûתѵ˼һ
ϾҲ֮ˣȷԷǷʲô£ȻҲ⶯塣ֻһԽĺ
Ȼ󣬱Χʳ͵ע⡣һʼãʱƣԽӵżЩʳͣҲΧ˹ˡ
󣬱ͱ⸱ˡ
ӣˡղŵôˣ
ͻȻ˫ĿΧ˶һһ֮æĵѯʡ
ߡ
ûнֱͣվ
Աߵ˶ɻĿͬҲЩԡ
վֱӳ¥ȥüͷҲվȥ
ΧΧ۵ȻݾǷʲô¡ԷѾ뿪㹻ĺĸȥˣûСԣҲɢˡ

¥ݵķС
Ҫ뿪첻Ϥɿڵ
Ŷ룬ֱӿżɽ˵
뿪ǹ΢һԵɻˡøղŻúõģͻȻĪĻһ֮󣬾ȻҪ뿪
һ֮󣬹ֳΪרְͷɻȫѹȥ
Ϥͷ
ϳ
ݲδϻɡ
ҪĶȴЩ档
ʡݸ
˵ֽ꣬еǱŪļΪ߲ĳǹС


389 Σѹ
ɣλһۿڡ
ۿڣͬڡ춼ĶɳڳеĽ⡣෴Ϊĳġ
ķսҪԣɵӴ뷱ٳ̶ȣ
޴ĻθۿڣһͷӴ޵Ĵڡۿ֮ǰںϣͣ˸ָĴֻ۰֮ϣ糱ӵ֮˵Ķ䶼ľ
аʱҪ˰ȥݸĿ˸Ͻϴ˰
ۿ֮ϣʱʱ̣̿Ľк֮
塭
һһҾ޴Ŀʹ֮ǰһݻʻ˹ͣǿʹ֮ǰ
ӣǰݸĴֻаʱ𺽡
ŶĳŤͷ峵˵
ǳĽɫĻһӢݣ¶˳
ݡ
̧ͷһǰľ޴ʹһ֮ϳһЦݣлˡ
ȴһЦ֮¶ѡ
Ҳûٶ˵ʲô˵ͷ
Ӹǣһ·ء
³΢֣Ц˵
ݵ˵ͷ
µʱദݶҲΪЩøСû˵ǴӻгŰƱȻݸ˹
ӣǡ
ȴ΢һҪܾȴݰ˰֣ƱУŵƱҲûжãȻ࣬Ҳһ⡣Щʱ鷳ˡ
⡭Ǿͣлˡ
ԥһ£ݱ棬Ʊ¶һ˼Цݡ
ҡҡͷֵˣȥɡ
ţӸǡպʱǣȥǵѰҡʱ빫ʹЦ˵
ݵ˵ͷҲٶ˵ʲôٶȹ֮󣬴ſճѭԭ·뿪ȥ
ĿŹ뿪վԭƬ֮תȥ
ת֮ϵһ˿Ц⣬Ѿʧȡ֮ģȴһ˿
ھȻѾ֪ҵ١ʷٻ󣬾ǸʲôĴڣǹŹͷֵʲôģ
Ŀ˸
һĵģڵʲôʱѰһ棬ĵģʵʶ֮еɫ
ɫΪ
ͶͷĴ漸ּɵɡɶԷǹǱġʶȻǹȴҲֻһʶʸʶ÷ʽʶʱ֮ķȴһֱ档
գʷѹ֮ʱǹŹͷȴͻȻԴͨͻȻʶ֮Уȴȫľ
Ҳͷֵ˼ʱݲ²ⲻϣ
ͷںδΪԼΣѹͷԷͻȻ֣ʲôԷһֱڼԼǡԼеĹ⣿
Ĳ֪Խǲ֪Խ
ָоԼıͷˡʲôͼıʲô
ݲһԿ϶ԷͼȻС
ɫ˵Ƿ׷ҡʵʲôܣȴҲ֪
֮һ
Źͷ˵ʵ̫ǿǿ󵽶ԷֻҪһͿ׵Ľ֮ĨɱǿߵĲݣ˳ܣûаֵĵֿ
ģֻͣͼϣұԹۿݵĳ̶ȣпϹļƣ򡭡
Ӹ˼֡ɵ̽뻳Уס˻еͼ
ǵģͼΪΨһϣҪԹۿͼݵĳ̶ȣлõ۵ĵͳСҲֻеõͳУлİǹŹͷƿأ
ͬһľżʱʱ̣̿˵ļ£ûκεɿԣ˰ڲ
⣬Ը
뿪˴佣ڣֻ佣ڵԴҲĸ죡
յݣļʶǿߵʵǿߣԽεǿߣ
ΣѹͬҲǶ
ѹ֮£ݣѾʼҪŬԼˡǿնֻҪʶʶ۷֮һ־¡⣬¹ɣ
ݣ׵
뵽һ̧Ǵȥ

ʡ֮䣬һϿϿ󻪹ָ롣
˴ݸһκϿҪµʱ䡣
ɶڴ󻪹ԣһΪҪĶɿڡ˵Ǵ󻪹࣬ôɣеࡣΪĴʡ֮ͨҪͨۿڡ䷱ٳ̶ȣ֪
ÿһգ̴ʹ￿ʻʡۿ֮ϣֻܼ󣬵ȴǾȿ̫ĶɳɣȴҪĶࡣ
ǰʡĿʹÿգҡЩǴ󻪹ڵ
޼춼ĶɳɣʵҲԼҵĴӵġ⴬ӣɲֻ޼ҺĵǰϪ֮ʱʮҡǸģۡġ
ʵϣ޼Ҿдӡ춼ʻĴֱֻֻ֮뿪δ̫עЩˡ
Ȼ޼ҺĵǰϪĴֻЩ̵ĴֻɲͬһΡϾǧľĴֻ̫ߡǧľҪ˲ϵ߲в˵ǧľѵã
ʮңѾǧۻҪģȴǼѵĺܡңͨãõĴֻںһ£ҲûбҪִֻ
ϵĴһĴĿʹҿʹ㣬ÿһңʮɳ֮춼ЩʹҪϲ٣ͬʱҲҪ١
ȻΪ;ԶƱҲǼΪ
һŵĹƱݰʮ
Ҫ֪ʮѾ㹻һ֮ͨңͨˮ׼ʹʮˣһŴƱ˰󡭡УȻҲͨ˿ġ
ڣһ֮֮ﲻ̫עأԣȻ⡣
һԱڵĴ£˵㡣Ҳû̫СԼķ֮ĶʮǸ⴬ԱöԷſ죬Цĸģ뿪
ⷿ伫ʩ裬ǼΪǲ۴ľ£ֻݶΪ޼ҵĳԺ䷿ˡҲǼֵʮķѡ
վڴǰݵȻʱһ֮󣬴ֻһУ뿪˸ۿڡ
ڴĿ͸ۿԽԽԶվǳ³һ
תߵ˴ߣͳһż
ܸ٣
ұҪ佣֮Уõ㹻ӣܹõԴܸ٣ҵʱ


390 ַ
ĺ󵭵ĺζ
ʱڣѾѮΪҵʱȻԡȵ£ŴӺ΢磬źһɫľ£ңʰķȴë׶ȫſͨ泩ǳ
һҾ޴ĿʹӺ쾡ͷĽ֮Уƽȵĺš
ʹ㣬С
ϥڴϣһżרעĿš
񵤣ƷҩƷһöһꡭԡַʮöɡ쾳¼ʵȣǿһ̶ȵġꡯĳɹʡظãЧԵӡ
૶š棬Ҫǡַ뵤еʮʱ䣬˳ȵȡ
ãݲų³һ;̧ͷ
֮ȻǲЧǧٹ֡ļأܹӵ㹻ĲϣڿԽһͨͨˣʵأǵڰϣ찡
ҡҡͷΪܸ֮ϼصĵҩе־̾
ʱ䣬ڣѾȥһµʱ䡣
һµʱûڵĵӳ䣬ɱͬҲûʷͻȻԼʶ֮УѹǣһڴϢ֮
һµʱݶܸ٣ҲǺרһ
ͨĿǰеõ֪ʶѾ֪һˡ
ܸ֮У˰˰ʮһֵ漰ǧʮҩ֮꾡ļ˸ҩķ¯ʱ֮⣬ҩҩЧص㣬֮أҲмλ꾡ļء
Щ֮⣬ΪҪһǱǣһΪַ
ӵ㹻۽磬ʶôȻΪַеİֻΪǴ󻪹Ĵ֮Ψһŵ֮᪻
Ҫ֪£ʿ֮ѵãΪĳɹʵڲ̫ߡһͨʮΣܳɹһεΣѾΪеĵùģһζԳɹ
ΪĹ֮УԸҪʵ̡̫Ҳҩʱһһ롭ڲݻǿȵʱǿһȻһȡҩĹ֮У̫࣬Ĳȵ⡣
֮УֻҪκһ󣬶пӰ쵽֮ĳɫӣڳɰܡ˵Ҫ̣ڿ
ʵϣҪӲֱƣһЩ߼ҩ޷Ƴġ
Щ߼ҩҪʮ죬£ꡭûһЩֶΣ˭ܳܵס˸ǿȵƣ˭ôƹ֮У֤һ˿
ȻûУ
ԣͳˡַ
ǾһһʿܽĽͨĴڡ
ͨĳضַضķЩΪ׳Ĺӳһʱ䣬ǿҩ̺ǳɹʻǳɫԶԶĸ߳Ӳͨơ
һԣַܹͨڻͨٷ֮ʮʮĳɹʡճɵĳɫҲһ̶ȵ
һַٷ֮ʮϵĳɹʣôôһַκһ֯ˡ
Ҫ֪ʧ˵ĵҩЩƵĵҩɾȫˣ޷ٴʹáٷ֮ʮĳɹʣЩ֯ԣʡģһʲƸֵԶ
ϵܸ֮صһŽַȫƪַǧٵȫѧᲢڻͨôƵҩĳɹʣٷ֮ʮϣ
⣬κ֯˶Ϊ֮ĳɹʣ
ٷ֮ʮ塭Ҳ˵ÿһöҩȻɹʮöϣ
κһ֯߸˶ԣһջ󡭡ΪζģǴʲƸ
ʵϣ᪻ŵһֶΣһֱΪۺ֪ж˰жҪõ
ϧǲ󡣶᪻ЩֶΣƳٵĵҩ벻ǿߣһЩ顭ԣûоԵİ֮ʱû˸׵Ķ᪻ŵġ
᪻űһֶΣҲǼΪء洫ӣûеõʸ֤ҲǾԲᴫ
Ҳī᪻ŮڶһƷ壬ʦʵڶʵ̫ˡ
ǧƷܸ㲻ã
ԣһʦժ¼ܸٵܸ֮УżַֽȻҪѸͽīġ
īʦû뵽ȴݼһıˡ
еĽǧٵⱾܸڣȴֻ¼еʮ֡ڻʮ֮ŵķδ¼С
Ȼʮ֮˾šܸ֮صİ˰ƷϵĵҩҪķֵƷ¾󲿷ֵĵҩʮȴ㹻Ӧˡ
ңܸļؼΪ꾡ʲôʱʹʲôǼصļΪԣȻûȫǽַѧȫ̸ʲôڻֻͨҪϸķȥɹʣȴή͡ڣҪߣﵽٷ֮ʮʮ϶һ
ݿܸ٣һȴȷ
еһοֻҪصȥ̲ʲô⣬ϣͲ̫⡣ɹʣȻҲ½
ʼһ̫ѣǵõܸ٣Ҳһܹƾ佣㡭ڿҵĵǶġֻưһܹ佣ڵõӣ
Ŀ΢˸
ܸ٣ȴ͸¶ȥҪ뷨¾Ҫ𡣶ҡкܶôҲ޷õˡ
΢۾
νɾӣ佣֮УֻһӵֳߵʣԼôĵȻɾӣ佣ܺܿ
ңӵֶΣֻҪܵõĺôֱ޷
ȫģǽ֮ٵһ£Ҫִݸ󣬻нµʱ䡭֮У㹻ҽȫˡ
ߣǴ󿪣ϾǹĿĸµʱ䣬Щ¼ݶԣȷʲôѵ顣
뵽ݱ㲻ٶ룬ٶȵͷ׼һеܸ١
ȻʱһľĸоȴͻȻ׵ģݵͷ֮ϡ
ݵһȴȻһ
ָо̫Ϥһǰ¥֮СԹ
ˡ׷ң
ݣʱ˫ۣ


391 ս
ɫʶɣݱ˫ۣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ʶѾʶ֮У
ݣȻ̧ͷȥ
ʶϿգһգڻ֮ͣУһ͸¶ޱѹ·֮У׼Ҫֻһ˿дѹݵĺȻһϣ
þ˵ѹ֮νٻʷѹҪ󣡡
ݵݣĿ֮ϡ
ȴǵͷƽĽɫʶ֮СĿ˸粻
δݵȵ̫ãϿյռȫ͵һ˲䣬ɫʶͻȻһˡһɫʵķȴȻʶ֮У͵ı˳
һ֮󣬻һâֱӣϿǿٳ֮ȥ
䣡
·ʶ͵һǽɫٽ֮ʱȻһȻ󣬻һ޴ޱȵķֱӣӡճ֮ϣ
ֻһ֮ݵĸӦ֮Уԭ֮̽ǿѹֱӣǱѹ˻ȥ
ǹѹֱѹȥ֮ǽɫȴֱʧ͵һûȻСʧһ˲䣬ѭգֱӣ˽ȥ󣬰գһͬʧ
ѹֵͻأʧĸ졭ȻǹŹͷµһѹ˻ȥ
ȻݣȴǱĬĿŷճֵλãϣȴ˵
ĿһۣŤͷѾָƽĽɫʶһۡ
֮һݣ˫һգ뿪ʶ

ݣǧ֮ĳһ
һ޴Ĺ֮⡣
ܣܼĻţЩĿ¶â¶ǿ£ǴһѪɱ֮
ư磬һ޴ĽȺ֮еһռȴﵽʮƽƺΰ
ĴϷɷд֡ս񹬡
ս񹬡ڣһƽľ޴䳡ϣȴоŸˡ
ˣԾŹ֮λվءǵĽ£һɢŹâķ
λˣʲô
䳡⣬һŵ࣬ǲ䳡Ͼˡһˣڿһ̲֮סѯԱߵĻ
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һԵȻҲҾ¥ƹԵɣϾǼʶ㣬֪ʱԼֱۡߵݵĸǰСЦŽţ߸ԷУ˼
СԭУͷһе۾ʱһϽͬʱüЦڵģڵġСȥ֪ƹһʹӹգҲ÷Сͨ
֮Цŵ˵εĹѡҲˡ
С˴¶һЦ֡͹ԺСȥȥ
˵꣬æת¥ȥܣƺڱеԵúǸˡ
ŤͷЦŵлˡ
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¥¥ǡ¥ߵ¥㣬ҲװΪݻΪ¥㡣ǵذ壬ǽڣŴΡʩʹüΪĲɡЩʩİ裬ҲΪݻȴ߹֮͸¶һ˿˿ĵšȻǺķһЩ˼빦
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һԲӣ˷ſڡ
ԼĪʮ꣬ԲСۣݿȥΪ֮ϣ˼ɻĿǰС
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СʱһĻʱҭ˺֪ĿԲƹ
Բƹȴδᣬǵɴ۾˵ģ
СȻЩһڿˮȻ˵ͷ
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Բƹʱһһعæ죬룡
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⡰¥ʱһЩԻʹĴòͣǸʱλƹ񣬶ǲֵ̫顣
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Ŀ¡ľŶ˵ݵͷȴڰĲ²⡰¥εĹϵ
εʱƣȻ˵ֻҪҵ¥ƹ񣬱ͿҵȻ⡰¥佣ڣкܴϵġҵΣ
⡮¥Ӧ佣ʶһܾݵɣ
аš
ڴʱһ˵¥ȴƳۿһۡ
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ݶʱ΢һĿԽ˳С󡭡
һԲС۵ӣվĶ
Բӣżֹѯʵɫݡ
ͷ΢һȴ¶Цݣ㣬ƹɣޡ
Բ۾ʱһһ΢СǮӡ˴δ̸֮޹ӸС
ԲӡǮΪ뻰ͷһ
֪ҵˡ⡰¥οеǸ¥

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Цŵ˵ͷת뿪ˡ
һǮ¶Цݡ
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396 洫
¥㣬ݻڡ
Ǯˣһǰһ˽ȥ
޹ӣʣ𣿡
߽˷֮Уֱ֮Ǯֱӿʵ
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Ƭ֮ǮһĽƻݣͬʱЦŵ޹Ӽ¡
Цҡҡͷ޷˵ţ½ƷŻ˻УĿ⿴Ǯ
ڽǰ֪Сˣֻһ޹ӣڽڻСˣС֪ͨһһȣǽ꣬޹ӿС˺õȰ
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ݵ΢һ¶Цݣ²ȴǮƹ񣬻¡
ݿ˵ţȴѩ̾ǮƹȻ
һҪԼȷԼݣֳ˵ϸȷԼ֮󣬱ǵֻԼη֪ϸڣϢ֮䣬Լȷݡ
һһ֮䣬Ϣģ˶໥֮İ¼ɡǲѹΡ
ֻǲ֪Ǯ˽˹ϵã˾佣һݵĸˣ
аš
޹ӴȴˡС⡮¥кóԺ˯̸ʲôۼ
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ԣ¶Цݣûнӻ
ǮЦһ֮󣬱ǻָݣ΢Ц֪޹ӴԵɡڸ֮ڣӵݣǽȥˡͷ͹ʱ⡮¥ЪϢʮ죬£С˱ǿ֪ͨ˸
ԣ΢˵ͷһеƾǮƹšֻǷˡ
޹ˡֻҪ޹ס⣬С˱ǰˡǮ¶һЦ΢һ֮վЦˣ޹ǧԡ춼ҲΪۡСȥʳޣգС˸ӽӷɡ
΢һҲվЦŵӷͲ˰ɣ
㡭޹һΣǮȴǰסݵļЦ˵
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Ǯ۾΢һ´ݼ֮󣬹ЦãڴԺȥȥ
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ϵܣʱ䣬ЪϢһ磬ұ͸˴šʮ죬£ȻϢء㰲ЪϢҪ̫࣬һУϡ
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ݼ״¶Цݹֵˣ鷳Ǯˡ
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šǮ磬ݹ֡
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ȻһʼϣǮ佣ݵĸˣ佣ڵΧӡΪͷڡϼ塯£ֱͬΪϼ塯ġ洫ӡεĹϽ
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յĽӷϣݵҲûаջƲ֮£Ҳ֪˲й佣ڵˡ
佣ڣ¼ӣΪȼģȻΧӡڹʵһԣЩӣʲôݵĶСз䣬̼Ȩ󡭡ͨԣЩΧӣΪ۾ƸڡһûжǿʵҪȴǲ͡
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Χ֮ϣŵӡ
ţָĽ佣ѧյЩͨԶӵһʵȴ̫ǿ˵ʵǿȴΪǱȵȷﲻŵҪ޷洫Сʶɸط֮µġ⽮ʹ
ͬڵһŵӵķ롣ֻ佣ڵŵӣȻȥ춼
ȥ佣ڵʵΧ֮µĸذˡ
ŵӣѾ佣ڵˣ˷棬ȻҪȽȫˡ֮⣬һϵеŲ顣ҪţͱͨЩ飬㡣
Ȼ佣ڵĺģȴѾǡȺˡ֮ΧҪһЩȴҲǲ͡
󣬱洫ӡ
⣬Ҫ佣ڣĺˡ
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ֱܹӽɳߵĽ̵ĳЩǿֵ£ܹӴΪĵĻѧõΪԴ˵һɵ֮أĺڣ


397 ټΣ
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һ֣ŵӵݣͨڵľƶȣ롰洫С
ڶ֣ĳǿأֱƸ
֣ﵽ꣬쾳ͨɵĿˣֱӽС
ַÿһ֣ǼΪѵġϾ洫ӵĿˣɲô򵥵ġϾҪΪĵĴڣƷУݣҪޱȡҪӵ㹻ǿǱܹС
洫ӵ佣ڶԣԼĪˡиƣǿ
ǣ㲻ҪҪֻһ¡У
ŬУԼʵ
⣬洫Ҫ顣һŲǹʣ
Σ佣ڣϼһ洫ӡ
ҲΪηʸ˵Ҫݽ佣ڡ洫ӣʸ
ֻܲ洫ӵĳ̶ȡǣҪԼ컯ˡ
Ŀ΢˸֮һĿü
佣洫ӡңˣ
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뵽һſڣߵ˴ǰ
µģԵ
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ݿһ֮ͷһ˿пĿһ֮˴
ϥڴϣһ󣬡תһ㾧ת

ʱ䣬Ȼš
Щ죬Ǯÿն̸Ƭ̣뿪ϾĵʱȴûĴ뿪
Ȼʶʶʶһַ٣ȴǲҡ
ϾǶܲʶԼˣ񾿾ڲҲ޷϶
һ򣬾һ
һǶʶԼˣʱ䣬ԼתöԷˡôȴģ¾ֻһˡ
Ͼɻ佣ڵˡû㹻ıǲġ
ԣʹǮΪ׼ķòʱ䣬뿪һСˡ
Ȼڷ䣬ݾʲôҲûɡܸٵĸϰʱʱ̶̿Ҫе顣
ȻԼ׽ǣΪܸԶ̫Ҫ˿ÿһգЩϢҪһ顭
Ϊ죬ʶ󿪣ȺϢйһ飬ҲҪ̫õʱ䡣
֮⣬У
Ѿ쾳ڵߣ粢̫ȹ̡Ͼ쾳ڣмֻǸ˲°ˣЩȣȴҲһʱ䣬һ硭
ʱǿƱ̬츳˳ȻֻǶ̶̼ʱ䣬ľȴѾọ̈̄ﵽ쾳ڣʼȲš۷塱̤ȥ
һ㣬֪ãȴҲҲɡֻΪ֪ҪΪĹؿڣ쾳쾳ĵط
ֻҪͻһؿڣƾеֱӳ쾳۷塱ĳ̶ȣƱش洫еʱ䣡
ȻҲʹľ缫䲻ȶ츳ֻҪҵʱ䣬ȫܹ֮ȫȹ
ҲٽҪʡʮʱ䣡ĸ㣿
Դԡˡ붼ѹоԼûôʱȥ٣Ҫڶʱһһֿĳ̶Ȳǡ
ңͼҲֻоԼܹմﵽۿͼݵĳ̶ȡ
ڡˡϵĻʣµɫԼԷֳĹ죬ʼͬһʯᵣݵͷǲ뷽跨Щ֮ʳѰֱʱ̼صĸоʵܡ
ҲΪǡˡµĽɫݶԼǹҲ˼ֳɡÿΨһģֻǡʶʸ롰ְˡ
ȻǼɵʶʸ̡ǡΨһֶΡҶѾˣҲ޿κΣȥ֮Ӻá
˵ϼ¼ֶΣȴҲ٣ȫŪˡͼ˵ļ֮ǰǲҼеġ
ͼ¹شⶫ佣ڣǾԲҵġв˷֣ʱ̱ҪʧһطҲǲҡⶫ¹Ժܲܰѡˡƿءȴɲӡ
⵹Ǿᡣ
һֱʱŵھ죬¶ģ֮Ͳ⡰¥֮С
򣬵ȵεִҪϢĽ֮ĿԣҪˡ
ҹɫ¥Ժһ겢۵ľݽ¾£Ϣ֮ǰŪһ󣬵ȴĿӶòƬúõİͼԼһŪİ߲ޱȵĳǹСüһ֮һҧ֮
СһãŪ˽ʱԶͽٿ˿֮ŻصԼķ̣ûзһ˿һûκ˲
תۼ䣬ʮʱ䣬ȥˡ
һգȻڷУʮʱȫȹ̣ʼһڡָо
ϣһɫâתâӳյ䣬ǾһƬǰĿƬƬ˪壬ԵΪ档
ϵܣϵܡ
ʱͻȻǮеݻ΢һţԭתľɫâ·͵ıһ㣬Ȼ͵Ļԣݵıǿ֮Сֻ˲䣬ȫʧ
ݵ֮ӹһĨ˫
Ǯ磿
ݴӴվüͷ΢壬󿪿ڳ
š
Ǯ
ݴżɻߵſڣ򿪷š
Ǯ磬ǡ
Դˣʱס
ֻΪݵĿ⣬ӹǮ΢Բ֮ȴһһ˵ϡ
һϮɫƮȻ֮ϣź紺һЦݡ
ˣݻһ٣۾ʱ¶Цݡ
硭
ǣΣ
ϵܣһ꣬վǣٴμˡ
¶Цݣ΢ͷһ֮ǰᣬ


398 εϲ
Σֻйһ֮ԵôҲǶԷֻΪԷԼ죬Ϊʱ򣬾Լ󣬸Ƿ˽佣ڵ롭ǣ
Σ֮ǰδ̫ı仯ȻһϮɫȻ˲Ŀ
Ǻǣȥ˵ɡ
һԵǮЦһ֮󣬳Ц
ǮȻֻΧӣϸ˵¼ĹϵͣӲǿѹˣԣǮȻҲġ
磬Ǯ磬
Żعæһƣÿ˷š
ǮǺһЦ롣Ҳ¶һЦݣ˵ͷҲǽ˷䡣
ν˷֮֮Уһ˿â³һ漴Ҳǽ˷䡣
ϷţڷΧ¡
´һ֮۾ͻȻ¶˼˿âֵܣѾ쾳ô
΢һ¶ֲ˼Цݵ˵ͷҶѡͻƵھ磬СԼҲЩء
֮ϴżɫ֮󣬻ҡͷп֮ǰֵܻǳ졭Ȼ֮󣬾ȻѾ쾳ڡ֮䣬ʣ֣Ҳòۼְ
ֱ׵ĿޣݣҲ΢죬˼ͷ֪˵ʲô
һԵǮʱ֮ϣȴ¶֮ɫ
ϵܣȻڶ̶ʱ쾳ڣе쾳ڣ
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ǮˣΪ佣ڵΧӣʵֻǺ쾳߲ڰˡ
ȻһΪ죬һΪ죬̫һˡ
쾳߲ڣѾʱ䡣һֱĿǰΪֹûиӦͻƺڣﵽ߲۷Բ
һ;ļѣɼһߡ
ݣȻڶ̶ʱͻң쾳֮ļʲô츳
һһ⣬δҲ̫˰ɣ
ǮǲֹһεļЩһ꣬ʮ궼йˡ
ǮһɵɵĿݣΣȴԽԽ⡣
꣬𡭡ңԷɢ޳ҪһʣǵõгߵĿأΪ洫ӣõ佣ڵɳһʲô̶ȣ
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ԣ΢Ƭ֮һĿ˵ֵܣһҪ㣬ϣܳʵĻشҡ
΢һüͷŶԷȻĵ˵ͷ
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κѯʵ
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ݲ֪Ҫݽ佣洫ӵеġҪΪ洫ҪġȻЩҪĵ㣬ʵֻһǾǣǱ
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ԣ⣬ݿ⣬οȴǷǳҪ
ΪƼˣŪȨ
ԣ¶˼ֹŹ֮ɫ֮ȴһʵĻش
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ַӦ΢һ¡
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ӵɻ
ݲ֪ûм𾪣ΪǶѾ𾪹ˡ
˵ʮ꣬Ѿǿߵʱ򣬼ȫ𾪵Ŵͣһʱ޷ع񡭡
Щˣ˼ʱ䣬ʵ
ûʲôоΪ춼ʱ򣬼ȫ޼ҡ޼ҵʱ򣬳˴̣ޱƣһϵ޵ļ֮⣬ӴҲǼΪϡ١ЩˣѾĵʣȻҲᶯͱֳʲôˡ
ǮΣͬһʱͻȻ֮𰸣һʱûκ׼𾪣Ҳǿˡ
ݿ˵𾪱飬ȴһ
Ҫ佣ڣȻʱԽۺԽá
ţżɻ˵ʲôţ׼ȷ˵Ӧʮꡣʮ
˻
˵Ŀд˳
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ڳһ֮ĿĿݣĵֵܣȻ㡭һҪһȷһ顪˵ģʵ֪˵Ļˣȵ佣ڣȻһֶο̽ġʱǷ˵ѡ˵ɫصͣû˵
δҲ٣ҲҪ˵ס
Ͼʮ쾳ڵǿߣʵ̫ˡġô˵ʲôζҪ취֮洫֮еġʱһֶԷ˵ļٻ˵Է佣ڵ뷨ҪգƼˣҲʧ
ԣòСһЩٶѯһ
˵ıʵشȻҲûʲô仯
ݲ硭˵С춼뽨֮أмġֻѯһش󲿷ˣӦ֪ġ֮ݵͷ˵
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Цŵ˵ͷͻȻվ²˳٣ͳΣ
ͳǰ佣ôһ¡
ε˵ͷâ˸̳
ݵ۾ʱһһվһУƾ


399 츳־
Ҳ¾Ҫʵʩ
ǮȻһ״̬֮Уֱ뿪ľ֮Żع
ˣŸյҪ뿪ôѾȥ׼ϯҲù֮߰ɣ
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Ǯ˴ȴҲֻ̾һˡҲͲˣλˣһ·ƽ
˵꣬Ǯ΢һ£ַ۵ĿһۣĬ
ע⵽Ǯı飬΢һ̾һȴû˵
Ǯֻ佣ڵΧӶѡݣεƼ˵ֱӽ洫УԶԷ˱̬ʣҲܵõһŵӵͷΡǸʱҪΪǮϼһˡҲеġ
ȻʶĴҪ˵Щʲôġ
ȻǮеһ˿Ȼʱ΢һȻҲһ㣬Ĭδԡ
Χӣ濴ȥޣӵмĲƸȨơʵϣȴֻһΪͲĴڰˡ
˵һΪݡٶĲƸȨƣҲ̣Ƴʱ䳤֮УҪһʱʶڣνȨƲƸʲô
Щģֵó׷Ѱȥ
ɱ䣬ջض
⣬ȤҪȥȥ׷Ѱġ
ǮȻҲⷽ뷨ϧ첢ûиᡭ
һ;ҪܹߵȥҪء
һ츳
㹻ǿ츳°빦˾꣬ʮʱ䣬ֻҪʱ䣬ͿԴﵽԽ⣬츳ˣصĳдһ
츳
ڶȴǣ־
Щˣ츳ֻͨͨڱͨ˻ҪһЩͨ˼ᣬԴﵽĲΣҪķ£ʱ䡭ʣǾԳƲʲô츳ġ
ǣ֮Умټٵһˣȴӵһֲ츳ϵĲĶ
Ǿǡ־
Ҫ죬Ҫ£ꣿ
ûϵΨѣ
˸һô͸ٷ֣ǧֵ֣
·յ㣬ЩߵĿ죬ЩߵֻҪֲиҲеִյһգ
ؿڵһִ첻ҲҪŬΨѡ䱾˵ģһ桱֣
ˣ֮ӵ츳ˣҪӵϡ٣
ΪҪִ̫죬Ҳ̫ˡ
ȻǮӵ츳ǰߡͬҲִĺߡԣûСˡ֮ΨһôĺѾȷˡ
ٻһգֻһ
ԣΣݣΪ֮Ȼˡ
ԣݿȻȴѡ˳Ĭ

ͷָп֮һ֮¶˼΢Цݵ²˳٣ͳɡ
ݵ˵ͷһͬ뿪˷䡣
µ¥˱ˡ¥ĺԺ֮С
ο˿ңԺһƬģδڲࡣ̧ͷ

һ΢ĺοд˳Ϊ΢·ڶԵǮ˵һ㡣
Ȼ΢һ㶣¶ɻ
Ȼɻδˣһ֮ȴͻԸ߿֮ϵƲ֮У
ˢ
һƷ֮֮ϣһӰȻ¡һͷͨɫչԼ߰׿ķޣ
Ȼһͷޣݵ۾ȴǵʱһ
ͷޡ
񣡡
εڵݽ֮ʱͬʱֵģ

һ˸ǰĿյ֮ϡչһᣬǷһ֮
¶Цݣߵĸǰǳ๡ҲΪԻ¶˼ǵ飬Ħһεơ
ŻͷЦ߰ɡ
˵꣬ζʱһԾıϣ󣬵ͷЦݡ
ʱȻѾǵһοޣҪȥ˵һ顭
һͷȻ΢΢˼˷ܡ
УһֱԸֻе֮෽ӵڴ֮ǰҪŷޣʵԸ
֪зʱݱͶӵһͷڴϧûлȥӴֲĶϾһֱݵĲΣ̫һЩ
գҪ佣ڣһ£Ҫһζݲ˷أ
³һѹסһΣҲֱӸԾıϡ
˫ţ̤񱳡ݶʱͲһֱӴĽ£ֱӴĺ¶ȣһ˲䣬ĸݵĸӦ֮Сָо
󱳵ẹ̈ԵЩʡԷ֮⣬ݸоԼվһůĽ֮ϡΪʡ
һ
ŤͷͿΣЩ˷ܣЩŵɫЦ˳
΢һ漴Щ˼ͷ˵ͷ
ûϵеһεġǺǣֻҪܳɹ佣ڡ洫ӡУлշԼķġˣãץסë
ЦЦ֮˵
æ˵ͷץסë
ʱѾ̽ͷ֮ĽĿ˵ǮһЦˣҲȥɡ뿪ˡ
Ǯع񣬸ϽͶλˡ
һЦ˵ͷջĿ⣬Ц߰ɡ

µ·εĻ˫һչһʱһ磬μΪƽȵڿն𡭡
ƽȣֻǸо΢һ𣬶ܵľ£ԶķɿӡʱƽݶƽڡģһƬհס
ݵɴ˫ۣ֪Լˡ
̲ס̽׳һݣʱһУ¶𺳵ɫ
ʶһţʱĸǰĽֵķݣܼˡ
Ÿ߶ԽԽߣľȴԽӵСڵƲϵλõʱ·ľ£һ翵⾳
ƶ
һᣬǰ׾롭ٶȣƻʵ졣磬̶ֳȣ˵ȫڿԳܵķΧ֮ڵġ
·ľ£ȴǱˡֻʮ֮Ѿʶĳţһɽֱڿնȥ
⣬Ƿĸо𣿹Ȼ֮
ݳһĿ⣬˸šһ˵黳Ƿɿӹľ£ģݵĻ


400 磬׽
¾ڵˣŶԵķХѾԶһɽ֮С
ӿиһֽɽ㣬֮бȻ
佣ڵڸɽ֮С
Щɽ󣬿ɲκһ
ޱ鲼½н䣬ȻЩԵĽȴǾѪģʶȻޣǵȼ̫ߵġ
Ȼ󻪹ڣ̫˼֮ءܲңȼ󶼼ߡ
īǼͷڴ󻪹ڵһΪڤ֮ءѪͫԼǼǸޡ
֮ࡣ޵һӴ
Ȼ佣ڵĵطҲֻ֮ء
ΣϣѾ˰ˡʱ䣬Ѿɳǧˡ
ݵͷŵϲͣ˵ľ£̲֮סŤͷѯʵ硭죬ǴѾɳٹ˰ɣ֪ƺѾǳ˴󻪹˰ɣ
ԣŤͷͷЦŵӵͼϿȷѾ˴󻪹硣
ԶʱȻĿΡû뵽ⲻʱ䣬ȻѾˡ
̲סѯʵ佣ڵڸʲôط
μȻȻ֪룬¶ЦݵǲǸо֣佣ڸѾڴ󻪹УΪλΪ󻪹Ĵ֮һ
΢һ˵ͷȷɻ
һЦʵܼ򵥡磬ֻ׽ĳνˡ磬νĹ磬ûʲôġֻ׽ĴڶڵġϾҪȥҪ׽֧ŵġ
ݶʱЩɻ
磿׽磿
μ飬΢һ㶣漴ȴǻȻˣǰλ꣬һȻʵȴδ̫ӴˡܶΪĳʶᶮ
뵽ε˵ͷЦŽ˵ν磬ָģĳһضĵطĳһضȺΪȦӡǡߡʵȦӡͨԣ֯ڵӵ֮⣬ҲֻĽˡ쾳硯֮󣬷ʸӴȦӡ׽磬ָľͨжȦӡ硭
ǽ׽Ļ֮ϵġϾˣǴ׽֮ӱͬʱҲ׽֮ϵġ׽νĻ֣УΪģġֻǳ׽磬ǺСʱ򣬹֮׽Ĺʶ֮УҲ˹Ļ֡һ棬һ˼Դ˼롣һ棬ҲǷƺ
Цż͵󻪹Ĵɣ֮⣬ɵڸԶڴ󻪹ڡֻΪеĵӣǴӴ󻪹׽֮ӱģɵڴ󻪹֮зչʶС󻪹Ĵɡһ˵
۾ʱ΢һû뵽ߡ磬ֻ֡
漴ȴЩɻʵ뿪ˡ󻪹Ĺ磬ȴǴʲôڣ
ûйҡ
ҡҡͷ͵½Ϊ㲩֮У׽Ĺ֣Ƿ½ġ֮УطûйĵЩطиبһЩ򡭡֮ɷּΪӡ佣ڵ򣬱ֵطԣ佣ڲŻǴ󻪹Ĵ֮һҵġ
ŻȻĵ˵ͷ
ǿ۽硭ǰҿɲ֪Щء
˵ݿЦһ۽̫ͣʶ㣬һֱȱ
μݵı飬ȴһЦ˽黳ϾδĽӴ磬Щ̫Ҳģ佣֮󣬻רŽЩ糣ʶ鼮㡣ʱܹˡ
Զʱ۾һ鼮𣿡
εͷЦ磬ʶںܶʱǿԾһġϾϲ˼Ķ̫࣬ûһЩʶʲôʲôֲĺǿɾͻʱˡԣʱҪרһ鼮кܴ
ԣ˵ͷȴ¶˼ڴ
οݵı飬¶Цݡ
ݵʣҲǺġЩ꣬ǳ˼ݺĺ󱲡ϼѾ䵽ʮ¡ʦΪ¶񣬺ǲʡ
Ͼߡ壬޵ľеһ֮ս˵ֻ֮˭иԼĺ󱲲ˣ
κΣѰ
ңϼϣʦʦ⡰֮λ֮ã֮£ϼ޷šһɾʶżų֣ǱȥǱķȥϼ壬ȴԽ
һǹעϼµķչΪϼϯӣЩ꣬ǲĲ١
⣬Ҳһݣ;Էţݵ֮󣬱˷ܵĲƵԵɡ
һΣǲʵǰʮϼ壬ʹ˼ȥݺݣƺһ˿ϼϣ
³һ

ʱµȴͻȻһ֮λع̽һ֮¶Цݵˣţˡ
ԣʱ̧ͷǰȥ
һΪɽǰһƬƵɽ壬Ʋ֮УЩɽķۣҲ̽Ʋ㣬ȥƮɾ
죬ǹļ϶֮Уʱһͷͷָû䡣֮Уķ񣬷ޣʡ
ǿǸһػ󳩵ĸо
ݵĿɨ֮£ȴδ˿뷿ᣬ¶˼ɻ
ɻ֮УѾֱӳ·ȥ
ʱΣѾζɽ֮䣡
һԾ˵ϡݴżɻҲǸԾȥһ˫۾ȴ̲סѰܡȴδҵʲôš
硭ڣ
̲סüѯ˳
Ǻǣ
γһЦ󣬷ּ䣬âһһ

ݵ۾ʱһȴЩۡ
ҲдĻôûбҪôĽͼǱǹڡ¥ˡ
Ȼ۹ۣʱȴûеõĿ϶ԡ
΢һ֮ݵĿ⣬ƶ˶Էϵ
ơ
һƣݻеһ鼸ȫһ


401 佣ڣ
ֻεָ΢˼ʱԭ֮ͨϣȻһ⡣Ǻ⣬˲ɳƣֱӣŵȥ
ͷһĿ⣬̲ס˲ǵռȥĺ⡣Ȼ˲֮ȴǵʱɴ۾
ֻԭӦԶԶĺ⣬ȻյʱͬûһĿռ֮УǰĿռ䣬ʱ˼
󷨣
һ
ī֮УҲʶƵΡֻǰһҪ֮īģӸ
ӱʲôҲ
ݸпʱʱɢ˲䣬һ޴Ĺⶴ
ʦ֡
ͻȻǰĹⶴ֮У˳
ݣʱͷһ
ֻڹⶴ࣬ϱųĿͦӣվǶι
ʱ΢һ
쾳ߡ
ֻһۣһ˿ʱʶʱϵʶȴݣʱһ
ƽʱǧѲܼһλߡ佣֮ڣȻôλڿţ
ͷʱܵ˳
ݲ֪֮оϡ٣Ϊһֱ׽磬̤硣ߵжΧԶ׽ġֻм𣬻˵뷨߱βߵߣž׽硭
ͬ춼Щߡ޼ҵȵطߡȵȣԶΪԭ
ȻĽ֮Ӵģȫߡʱ򣬺ߣҪͬ׽һĺ
š
ܵʱѾЦųӵ˵ͷЦ߰ɡ
ݶʱعĿ΢˵ͷ󣬳ǹⶴ֮ȥ
΢֮󣬱վֱΣֻǣȴżɻɫݣȻڰ²ݵݡ
ǰľ£Ѿͬ
ڽⶴһ˲䣬ݱǶʱоһŨأ
ζʱ͵һݵĿ֮Уʱ¶˼֮ɫ
ŨֻһתõȻƽʱҪʮֹ
Ŀ¶𾪣Ȼ֮һ˿𾪣ȴǻ˷ܡ
ʣֻ֮£УǱ°빦
⣬ױȵĺô
żָпݵĿ⣬ǰ̽ȥ
ĿһƬɾ¡
߷ƣǰһƬ޴ĸ߷ΧһͷͷƷ裬˵Ʈ⾳ٲ֮ǰоΪͨɽ
һѵһ֮أ

һԴżõ֮ݶʱŤͷһֻε񣬱¶ֳ֮ɫ·ʲô
΢һȴ˹
Ȼ⵱еöԷоһʡ
⣬Ӧþνġ˰ɣ
һŤͷԶ
ڡݵ޼ҵһЩż֮У
Уģ
⡰ָıؼһֶ
֮䣬κεطСֻǣŨϡĳ̶Ȳһˡ
ָľΪΧشƣΪĳ󷨵ԣӦضɵһĳԣ̶ȣ󶼱ƽ֮أҪŨʮʮϰٱ
ڡ֮е࣬ط࣬ϾҪ׳࣬ͬʱҲУĸ򣬸ƿء
ǣǶ棬飬ȫСԣԱߣ󶼻˼ǿޡ⣬Ҳͨ࣬ûа취ڡ֮еԵɡ
ǣڡߡӵǿԣȴǲͬ󲿷ӵǿս֯ɣ塭ڸΪԣġ֮еġ
ڡ֮УеٶȻ죬ӵһ̶ȸıʵĹЧ꣬򡭡ôν಻ʤࡣ
Ȼǰ佣ڸڣһ޴ġ֮У
һ¶֮ɫ
֮УطٶȣҪ࡭ԼĿԣˡ
Ǻǣȥϼ塯Ȼȥɡ
ʱεȴͻȻżֳЦ⣬ŤͷͼƸ๡
ݲһϵͷѪӥ񡱡Էʾǻۣɲ򵥡
ֲͷѪӥ񡱵֮вɵĲ²⣬Ҳ֪ͷ֮ȣǿ
ţѾһŤͷݵ߰ɡ
˵ţԾ񱳡ݣҲϽȥ
˫һչʱ𣬳ŸӶȥ

ֱεμԦȥԶ֮쾳ߣŵ̸
ʦֽһ뿪û뵽ȻϱǻˡѵΪȥˣ
ЩĿſУ˵
пܡϾзҪϵʶҲҪʱ䡭һһأһʱ䡭
˵ͷҲǿһۡ
ʲôݣȻҪʦȥӭӣ
Ұһ죬Щ档
ѵʦ֮ĳߵֶ
ͷ
ߡʦֵĳݣ
²⡣
֪Ҳûϵ
꿴Ƭ֮Ҳʧȥ£ҡҡͷüĿͻȻһǾ̵Ц˵ˡǰЩʱմǡ塯洫ʦֵһֵġ¶ɲݡơ鵤ĲѾ롭׼ǰ塯롮ɻᡯʦΪơ
΢һҲջ˿еĿ⣬Ǿҵ꣬¶Ľ鵤ôǺˡ
ǵĺٺһЦܹҳɹö鵤ҳ쾳ĿԽĴˡҰ֮ǰﵽǾͺˡ
˵󣬾ȴЩڴҡҡͷģڴ֮УȻż
˶֪ƵҩгɹʵġҲߡ
ǳɻᣬ佣ͷһ洫ӡƵĵҩɹʳʮԣȻֻ佣ڵһ洫ӣʵϵĵλȴĸߡһЩʦųߣҲ
ţĳįĺˣԼ֮ǸʮֵҩƣУֶΪʶаĵҩˣǻѰæԼƵҩȻʵֻǵء͡
Ұһ죬Цһ㻹꣬һлõ鵤Ҫһꡭʱ򣬱Ͳˣ£Ҫֳȥˡ
˵ıԽĿɬ


402 ϼ
΢һ㶣ҲЩпҡҡͷȴû˵
Ƕ佣ŵӣ֮ڣ˽߰ʮ꣬еΪ
ǣڰ֮ǰ޷ͻƴ쾳ıϣҪɳȥ佣ڴ󻪹ڵһЩ
˵ˡ⽮ʹٻȨһ
Ƕ֪һ׽磬ôǼΪĿԣ޵»֮꣬࣬Ҳǵ쾳ˡ£ҲûĻᡭ
̸⣬˶ǳĬԵ˼ء
ȻʱԭѾ𣬱һɽĿռ䣬ͻȻһ˶һæվֱΡʱ󣬹ų֣һ꣬˹֮
ΪͦһϮ£Įü֮ǰһƬ֮ɫĿɨ֮У̺ĺ֮⣬ȴ˵꣬·΢
ŵһ˳֣ͷʱһæ񣬿æкʦ֣
ǡʦ֡Ŀֻӹˣһδԣֱ߽˹š
һͷͨںڣĿ񣬴żַѪķޣи˽
ͷ룬쾳ӵζ΢һΡһɱ¾Ϣһһϣ
Ҳҳһ¡
Ŀӹǰľ£ͻȻͣ˲΢üڵĮЩʱգʲôʣ
΢һĿ΢ԥһ£󿪿˵ʦڽ뿪һš
ţ˵Ĳʱ΢һ٣ͣŤͷĿͶǵӣĮ˵ȥ
ϾͻˣһΪ쾳ڡꡭ
Ȼһ죬æ˵
ǺĿʱ΢һ䣬˵ͷܺá
˵ָֻ꣬΢âȥ
ǵһ㶣漴ȴʱϲæ˹ȥ
΢öѰСͨɢ͹âʯͷ
Ʒʯ
лʦ֣Ǿæ˵
ʦ֣ȴδٶԣһΣ˺ɫϡǺɫ˫һչʱ˳ȥ

ǺʦֳźɫеʱݶˣѾһɽ֮ϡ
佣ڵţһ޴ġ֮أеľʤաȻѾǳʱڣȻǷ羰ˣļ紺вĿѤݱؿţĴС˵ɾľ¡
ݺȾ£һʱȻܵ𺳣ͷ·ǰһӴޱȵɽ֮ʱЩĿ⳯ɨӶȥһ֮۾ȴǶʱһ
ǡ
ֻɽ弫ߴ󣬶ҷΪ׳棬岼޽¥ޱȡûɽţƲ㣬ɵľ
ݻ޴ɽ֮У˲֪ٵ޵ʶЩһ쾳Ϊиģȴ쾳ΪһЩ쾳Ϊﵽ˴쾳Ϊ
ܲʶ߼ҲǴ쾳ѡϾ쾳ϵߣѾԼ֮꣬ȫʵ壬û˿ɢݵΪ޷ġ
ͬΡݣȫûа취̽ԷΪȻԷҲǵظ쾳ߡ
ڵϼˡ
һԵοݵı飬ĿӹǴ׳ɽ壬Ŀ֮һ˿ͣЦſڽܡ
ϼ塭Ŀ΢·
ţ佣֮£ʮϼ壬һ
ε˵ͷܵ
ݵͷʱθԼһơ棬ȷдˡϼ֡
ĵȻ˵Ҵֱɽۣʦ壬š
οһ֮󣬳Ц˵
۾ʱ΢һ˵ͷû˵
ȥϼ
εһ£񷢳һ֮ʱֱӣɽɽ֮ȥ
ڶԺХԵΪʱ䣬ѾϰָоԵüΪܡ
֮ͣУʱѾֱӴƲ㡭
ϼ弫ߣдɽۣûƲ֮ڵġ·ϸɽۣݵͷȴ΢һ
֪ΪʲôȻʶ֮ûвκβ֮ݻǸо⿴ƽɽ֮ȴһѹȻ̾СĺҲ΢е͡
Ĵ֮һ佣֮ڣԻǿơ
ù²⣬ݾ֪бȻ̫ǿߣȻϢȣȴڲ֪֮Ӱ
Ŀ˸֮Уȴǰһ
ã佣ڲĴ֮һӴ˴ȴǷˡǶ֮ѰҲη壡
â˸
ֻΪݣһգǰΣǲ֪ݡڹȻǼ겨Ҳ׵佣Ҫ˵ġݿԵõܴķ㡣
ΪԼδѾɽۡ

ɽ֮ϣһ޴ޱȵƽ̨ƽ̨Ϊƽ·Ǳýֱһϵһ㡣ɽۿƼΪϸʵɽĴ׳ȶԣȴҲнǧƽ
ƽ̨֮ϣһΪΡΰĹ⹬õΪĲϽɡʯԲ֮ϣŸַ޵ĸԵݻ
⹬ſڣ꿴ء
ڿնʱǶ˵Ŀ⡣
һ֮󣬶¶Цݡ
ʦ֡
ʦ֣ˡ
˿ͣǸǰǼΪĳδк
߾ְذ
¶Цݣ˵ͷ˵
Ǻǣǰ
ش֮еһˡһϮͨһ˫۾ȴΪڣЦ׺
ԾıݣҲԾ
˷Ŷδ񱳺󷽵ݣͻȻ΢һ¶˼ɻ󡣶󣬽ĿͶΡ
ʦ֡λǣ
ʵΪ㶼ֻʶһɨݶǶԸûʲôܡʱǲֻһ쾳ڵߡ
쾳ڣ׽˵Ƕ쵱ĴȻԡȴʲôǡ
⡰ϼϼһڣ￴ģΪǼΪĴڡͻȻݣȻɻ
Ǻǣʦܣǰ֮ʱһš佣ڡԺͬʦֵܣҪչչˡ


403 ͻ
¶Цݣ˽˵ŤͷݽܵλµɳΪʦ֡һǸ߾ɳΪʦ֡
֪ܳһʱ䶼Ҫ佣ڣбҪ˴ùϵ˿ȥȾ㶼ȻͨߡҪǣʱʶȻ޷̽˵ΪȻˣҲǵϵߡ
Ȼҵ˵Сݣλʦ֡
΢һĿ־â¶Цݣ˵ͷǺǣ˿Ժͬͬʦֵܣ໥ա
洫ӣ佣ڵĵλСÿһ洫ӣʸ¼ˡ
ҪֱݳΪ洫ӣŴϼ塣ĻûбҪֱһȥݾͻ¼Ϊŵӡ
洫ӻŵӣ໥֮ĹϵʦֵܡԣѾȷ佣ڵĵӣֻǡ洫ţȴ˵һʦֵܣҲеġ
ݺ׽ߵĸ߾ȴ΢һüͷĿ΢֮ȴֻЦЦȴδ˵
ͷ΢һ˼ܵ˸߾쳣
ֻĿ΢аȴδֳʲô
ʦ𣿡
ƺҲδ߾ɫȻЦѯʵ
ء
ЦŻص
ãȴݽȥˡ
ε˵ͷŤͷ˵ȥһȻٻ㡣
ͣһëԣʱһУëһһ޷磬հȥ
ԶȥջĿ⣬Ц߰ɡ
æ񣬰н߾쳣УεֱӣǳΪݻΰĹȥ

Ƚģһͨ
֮ͨһĿǿԿһšȻͨıڣԻƽɣϣǳӯ˵鶯Ϣģݼδδŵķ޵ĸ
ͨ࣬ÿʮģ죬ȴɢȵ޵ࡣһɺΰ֮ʱǴӭ
һŲ֮ͨУһͷ΢𺳡
Ĵ֮һɣȻǲͬ졭Щ񣬵Ȼǳǿ֮֡ƣȻ˹
а𾪡Ŀ⣬̲סһͷ߹ֵ˹ȥ
񲻹ߣһޣ̺ģȻ֮ϣȴ㳤ԴÿһԴɲȴɢͬһɲϢ
Ҳ֪ʲôϵ̶ɣͨڣͿһ͹һ㣬ԵΪ䡣ͷ³ĺţ·˶ȡ
ȻݿԷɺ·͸¶ޱɱ¾֮ʱԴȴͻȻû˿׵ġˡһ졭
ʱһ˼µɭ֮˲䣬ǳȻϯ
ݵݣʱȻ䣡
󣡡
ʱһŭ֮ȴݵĶ𡭡
ȴΣ·ǲʲô͵һۣбȶ
ţֻоһɺһİȻһ
ݺȻתͷΡ
һֱζһּΪƽ͵ıݡȻһ̣ԭƽ͵ı飬Ѿȫʧȡ֮ģȴһļµɱ¾Ϣ
Ũɱ·Զ꣡
ǿɱ⣡
ͷʱ͵һ
ΰŨɱĿ⣬ָ֮ͷεܣ
ԭɭϢ·ǸܵεвݵĸӦ֮УȻ͵һǰƺǳһƬ֮󣬻˻ȥ
һУʱָƽ
ʲô
ݵͷʱȻһǰһĻȻѾⷶΧˡ
ε˫ۣҲɭϢʧ֮󣬻ûһ˿궳ɱ⣬±
һ¶ݵݣһЦû°ɣ
ͷʱһΣǿɱ⣡
û뵽һɱŨˣɱ֮󣬾Ȼôһúģ
ʵȴڵҿ̽ġ
ȻֻһϺȣԷɢɱ嫵ȴ
ԣʻ֮΢˴ҡҡͷ
漴Ŀ⿴ҵĵվ̲סѯʣ硭Щʲô
һЦԺ֪ģʱȱܡ
һ˵ͷ˵
μݲٶʣ¶΢Цݳͨǰȥ

ٶȲܿģֱӴͨ˴֮ǰ֮УΧЩӯǿϢĵܣȴûжݷʲôв
ǰĴŸߴɣͨԴ죬ݻϣͬ޵ĸϸһ֮ȴεķ֡Щޣûһʶġ
βδţͣЪ֮£ֱ߽˴šݸҲ˽ȥ
ͨǰĿռ䣬ȴǻȻʡһΰͬҲݻĵã˵ǰ
Ȼδü⹬ģһӰȴһ˲䣬ӡݵ
ݵĿ΢һʶԤҪͻȻӳӰȻ˵ģݵΣȴͻȻĪ͵һ漴һΣУ˲䣬ݵĴԣͷƤ˲䷢飡
ţ
ݾĵɴ۾вŪΣԴͷڣһ˫ɫȴ˲ӳĿ΢һţʶת
ֻȻһǰʧӰաһֵĿռ֮С
ɫޱߵĺɫ
·һ֮أޱߵĺɫڰ֮еħһС
ǣ
ݣȻɴ۾
ţһ֮ͬ´Թ֮ͻȻĶߣȻը죡ţһǿҵǰδеĳ̶ȵɷ˲䣬ϯݵͷ
ɷ֮֮ɢɷ֮Ҫֵɷ֮
ۣ
ͻɷ֮Ĵ֮ߣȻݿԿ⡣ֻһĲɫɷ׵һѪ
Ѫһ˲䣬һ˵֮ͻȻ֡ţޱߺڰĿռ䣬޵ԨݸоԼΣȻ׹
ͻһϵбʣݼȫһ˿ӦʱҲûУС
˫۶ʱͻɷ֮ĳ죬֪ʲôʶľҪתԪֿޱߺڰ֮е׹
ȻԽ׹ٶȷ·Խ졭
쵰
޲ݵʱһ˿ޱȵĽǣ


404 ų켺
׹ٶƺԽԽܵɷ֮Я˵ֲһһĳݵʶһ˵ɱ⣬ģĵף
ݵ˫ۣԽԽ죬ԽԽ졭·𣬼
Ȼݵʶǹɷ֮ĥļﵽһٽʱһŽâȴͻȻ±ɫĹâ˲䣬ΧΧڵĺڰ
ݵͷʱһǹɷ֮Ӱ죬Ҳ˲΢ͣ١ͷȥ
ǣ
Ŀʱһֻ·ޱߵĺڰ֮УһŽâƿغڰȻ
ǡɫ
ֻһۣݱǷֱһɫǵǹŹͷµɫ֮еһ
ɫΪӴҲ֪ʲôԭ򴥶ֻױȵٶȷڶϣϽâ˸ɢΧΧڵĺڰֻڿ΢һȴ˲СһŽâֱӣݵüģȥ
ݸûжܻߵֿأǽâ˲ûޱߺڰռüġ

Īռͬʱʵ֮УȴʶĿռһɱķ෴Ϊƽ
ݻĹ֮УӰڵء
Ρ
ݵأĿ͡Ȼ֮ϵ飬ȴǱòݡʱʱŭʱǡ
һϸ΢ںڹ⻪ӹ˵ĳһǡӳݵü֮С
ڰ෴ĴڡͨԣûСںڹ⻪һ˵ġΪڰûй⡣
ȻʶȫҪ߸ġһںڹ⻪ûԭ˿ĵһۣ֪
ںڹ⻪·ĳӳݵü֮䣬ȴ·֮һ㣬תݡ˵ĸоǡ·ֻǼ򵥵ġաڶԷü䣬üһ㡭⻪ɢңݣתһں֮ɫȥΪ졣
ԵΣƽ֮ȴְżأĿʱüĵںڹ⻪ʱȴֳһһۡĬһԲ
Ŀķվŵˡ
һˡ
ݽ⹬һһ
ˣһ£ӯһ˵ɭȻϢꡣ
˵꣬Էϴζȴ˷ֱ治ʵ
ݣƤ𪣬ΪӡΪ̵ģһ˫˫ǳһ㣬䣬Ƶȴһɺһɭ
·һب֮ǰ˴˴ĵ񣬸ڵأһȻһ˫µ˫֮ͫУȴһִɱȨȣ
ǿߡǿߣ
λǿȴ˫ĮӵĮζˡĮѩ˿ĸ顣
˶һݵʶһĪ֮УʣµˣȴǶݣ·ڵȴһʲô
ˣǿǷ·ü֮еںڹ⻪Ĭ
ںڹ⻪üĵٶȼΪȳƣһֱǱͬһƵ֮Сżмӿ죬Ҳĳһ׶֮ڸʲô
ξĿƬ֮üͷ΢һ¡ת꣬΢֣ʦ壬ʱҲȥôã˰ɣ
Ŀ΢һ֮ȴδ˵ֻǿǱںڹ⻪ӳյݡ
üͷ΢һ壬Ŀӹһ˿⡣
ʦ壿
ε΢ͳһЩ
ֻǺڻþһӰӣҲֻӰӲһ㲻ʲôþҲ޷ƣԣҲ֪ˡûʸƸ洫С
εڶδߴٵʱ򣬺վǵĮĿˡ˻ƣȴǾ·һ˾Ѹģ
Ȼεüͷȴһ壬̧ͷź국Įı飬΢üڻþǴϹŵƷȻֻһӰӣ̺⾳ȴȻ𡣶ðһѾõд쾳þ԰Ρֻ쾳ڵΪʦ˴᲻̫ΪһЩ
üͷ΢һ壬˿һ֮󣬵Į˵һ佣洫ǽ֮ˡôһþҲƲˣĵȴɡ
Ǳ䣬δ˿Ĳ˵䣬ֲٶԡ
ȻΣʱĿȴ΢
ݽñǱɱ⣬Ҳ޵ĵ˿
ʦ壬ˡ
ٴ˵
ƳһۣĮãҪҶ֣
βҡ
΢ͷ˵ǲңԽ
ֻ˹˽ų켺ΪƺʦݵӦġʦʦ£Щӵȴǲ޹ϵ˵ףǷͬҾΪߣҲϣʦóһ˿ߵ׿Խձ佣һʦ˲죬ֻΪƼ´֣Ƕʦͷˡ
˵һŨµɱ⣬ѾԶĺꡣ
һҲһֱݵĮĺ꣬һ˿ɱҲȻ֮ϣֶ
֪ڸ˭˵
̧ͷ֮ǰһƣѾȫʧȡ֮ģȴ֮ͨһϺ֮ı
βðʦ˼ʦУȷʵЩˡ
ԶԷв֮ȴûжη塣еĻȻ֮ԡ
꣬ʱ΢˫һɱ⣬Ȼۡ
ȻڴʱȴͻȻһ֣һâ˸Уȴǳһ
һԼĪƳ̣ͨںڵĳ롣
֮ϣȻתżںɫУǰ˼Ѫ֮ɫȻС֮ȴ΢ۡ·ĳһ˵ɭֲ
ؿڵɱ⣬ʱ΢һϣкâ
롭
꿴һǳ룬³һ΢˫ֱͫΣĿɭ΢˸ĮȻѹҶײԭŴ
βûиʦ嶥ײ˼ֻʦˣʦֶѲˡʦȥڻþ
αȻƽʣ˵ƽȻĿ⣬ȴ
ʦҪұȻȻҲ¡οСȻȴҲûˡſСģƾ仰գȴ˵ʲôҲŲˡҵҪС׼Ρ
ĮȻĿע֮ȴһ󣬵ĮĿˡ


405 磬ľΪ
Ŭιŵգ˲ϼʱܱĿܡ
Ȼʱһ˵Ĺ첨ȴͻȻԵϡ
һ˿֮翣·һȷַ·ǡͬʱͬʱŤͷǱߵݿȥŵգҲ΢һϡ
ֻǴصݣͻȻҵĲţ˺â֮ϣһǳɫȴͻȻ˸
ɫâ˸Ϊ죬ֻ˲䣬Ǻɫâ·ĳֿһ㣬˿ȥʱݵݣǱһɫһâĹģ
һĻǺ꣬ݶ΢һжӹһ˿â
깥ط
˵Ŀ⣬Ǽ֮ϡ

˵ʱͣ½ŵͬʱʶһֳӯɱ¾ޱߺڰռ֮еݣȴȻĳ⾳С
ޱߺڰռڵ壬ϥǿռ֮С޴Ȼ·ͣ׹䣬ȻŹ񺿣ԽκͷɱĹΧǻܹȻ֮Ǳͷ˶ɱ¾þɷ֮
ȻһУ˵ƺѾûʲôá˵ѾٹעЩ
֮ϥڿУΧһϮȻ֮ϣȴԵһƬƽ
һֽâü֮΢΢˸šü֮ĽɫĿԿ⣬Ƿü֮еһ
΢΢תһƬâΧһиӰ졣
⣬ҪǾ޴Ľɫûüĵһ˵
ɫûݵüĵһ˲䣬ݵΣȻ͵һȻţһ֮⣬ȴ˲ӿͷѾΧɷ֮룬Ѫɫ˫ͫҲ˲ָ֮ɫѪɫ˫ͫʧԭŭ飬Ҳһ˲䣬ָƽ
һ⣬ȻݵԺһ򡭡
ǻþ
һ˲䣬һ֮дżϤȴƮƮģݵԺĻص
᱾޸̨һδǳ
·ĳħһһ߶ľʡ
տʼֻƮƮ죬СȻʱƣԽԽԽԽգֻġˡһ죬ʶһľ֮С
·һ˲һĪĸ֮С֮УͬһܣϥƽͣûаֵĻңš
šĵϣʯãտݹǣ𡭡
Ի۽նԻƺ쳾һ̣Ƿ·ħķʣ⡰̨ľ
ľ⾳ͬǿħϣ޵Ļۣ
Ľ뵽ą̇̄ľ磬Ժŵ˵еĻþ޷Էһ˿
ݱľȻûġһ˲䣬ͨͬħķ֮ȻӲģôһľ
˵ǾԵĿĻԵ
һ޷ᣬ֮УݱľΪҲڻȴᶨš
ȻʶƮƮޣҪ˵ǿмʲôȻǲܡȻϾ飬ʶŷʣȶݡ
Ҳ˵־ȫǾǱʶ֮еġʲô䣬ȻᣬȴᱻǱʶǡ⣬պľУ޿ɹľ޴ô
ʶľ״̬֮Уϥޱߺڰеһʼļ꣬Ѿȫ˴ޱߺڰɷ֮Ҳ޷Ӱ֡
ľı仯ʵ֮У֮ϵı飬ҲȻŸֱ仯
ɫâæֲ֯¡Ȼݵı飬ȴһʼĴͣţŭǡĸ㣬ᶨƽݡֱ
ı飬ľ仯ڶ̶̵ļ֮䣬ı˳
˷ס˻þ
λǺ꣬Ŀ֮Уԣ͸¶˼ɫ
ڻþɲ֮
һϹؾı佣ںķ˾޴Ĵۣŵõ
ΪϹŵƷȻ޴ܣþ޽ӽʵĻþ
ڻþȫɱ¾ʹڰµߣޱߵɱ¾֮Сǵھߣû㹻ľΪֻ£ҲҪɱ¾
Ϊ˵õ佣ڸ˼ΪصĴۡڰؾµĳϣΪɱ¾޷԰Σ໥ɱɼܡ
ϼһڻþȴʵ塣һֻеġӰӡ
Ӱӡܣֻбʮ֮һˡȻʮ֮һҲǵ߿Կ⡣
ӰӡڻþİһܣҲ㹻һľΪߵĴ쾳ߣУ԰Ρ֮ǿþֻǣɼһߡ
ȻһӵǿܵĻþ񣬾Ȼһ쾳ڵСӸˣ
Ѿȫ֮ϵɫǴ˼־ϲǺ꣬˸ãĿӹвδĳ룬һ˿ɵƤһ
룬ɲͨƷ֮ϵһַ
У޵ľǱꡣ֮꣬ء
ٶȼ죬ר꣬Ϊ£մˡ˵ǰԵޱȡ
ȻԳΪθߣԶԷȴҲòɵ֡
һһԷе˼ԼôԼнĿҪһΪôһС£ðŵȴգʵֵá
û뵽ϼһȻȥؾȴôһ֡Ǹ
Ŀҧҧأһ
ָֻ΢һ󣬶ʱһֱӳŹϿմ˹ȥ
ˡһ죬Թ֮ϴ
ţͿͶӵĺڰ⻪ѾʧӰ١
ȻעĿݣʵȴҲһֱй۲ǺΪ˺ڻþͷҲǳһ


406 Ԫ
εУȻ˼ǡ
û뵽Ѿ˹ų켺ˡӣʦڣѾȫ޹˼ˡ
εĿ⣬΢
ԭ꣬ΪԪεͬʦ壬εʦ𡰼١ʦͬŵʦֵܡ
ţԪ롰١ˣڻ洫ӵʱ򣬹ϵáȻ˵ʦ𣬵ʱϼһؾ֮̽䣬Ϊʱϼһʦ֣ϯӵļٴϼĵλ֮˵ĹϵͽıĶ
ԭ򣬻ԪΪΪ˸߰ʾ˺ϴǸ˵Ҫǿڡ١ʶ١õ˷ĵλȴֻǸȻ
һʼֵĻȷʱƣֱ֣ȴԽΪϼλãԪ롰١ѾꡣϼһֳӪ
ԪΪرؽΪ˲ݡƫһ令̵Ƣԡȴܵһӵӵʶܹ롰١Ŷű١ǿʵںܶʱ򶼲ϡ١Ź棬ȴҲΥڹڰʹһЩСֶΣϼÿ¡
ЩÿÿһЩҪ佣ŵʱ򣬾ΪʩչһЩֶΣЩŸϼǽ֮⡣
ϼεڴȵʱǰʮϼ壬Ѿʼ»ơһ죬Ѿ䵽ʮʷ͡
Ҫ֪佣ڱһҲֻʮʮ֮⡭һ
佣ڹ棬ÿʮһڴȣķҪȥݵġ
Ҳ˵ϼĳɼ䵽ʮʱ򡭡Ҳǡ١ȥ֮աΪ١֮⣬ϼڱߣǿԪȻǵʲõηļ̳ߣ
ڣӵŲСȨƵġңÿһؾ֮УܵõһЩĽЩʯҲиҩЧһĵҩΪ档
⣬ҲԪ֮λԵɡ
ǰʦ𡰼١ڷϵʱ򣬵ѹһͷԪĸֶΣҲֻǸҰеĽСʦ𡰼١ȻκץסԷİѱҪãҲûа취
񣬡١佣ڳ߽һؾѰ֮ղ棬ƺЩʧˡ
Ŀʢ
ԪȻҲһЩСҲڰнеģȵЩţԶ뿪ϼ塣ԼһƼ롰洫СĵӣҲûа취ʩչġϾİȨڡ١ϡ
񣬡١ڣԪΪʹȨȻΪʵЩεϡ
β²һǡ١뿪ԪȫǺ޹˼
ʦ뵽ʦʱ䲻ᰲ֮ǰңɽ˱סͶ£ԷԻʸҲûС
εΪȻڵ֮һָԪǸϼǳʵʵǾûа취֮ġ
ڶԷƢҲΪϧë򲻵ѣҲġԶԷΪ֣ΣҲǿġ
֪ˣ֮ǰͲýݴʵЩʧˡ
һ
ĿһϮ£һڹԪ󣬿һ֮Ȼâ˸ǺɫâѾɢݡ
Ԫֳ̬ȣѾԿ϶ֱӽ롰洫еĿԣΪ㡣ңԶԷԣȻݰĵϼϴȥġ֮ȳţֱĨɱҲǲܵ顭
뵽һĿ˼֡
ƣݣȴվˡ

Ϊݵǵʱڻþ֮еܱߣҲ˱ʡ
ʶȻǹŹֶľ⾳֮Сľȴڲ֪֮ɿš
Ȼĳһ̣ͻȻһԭΧʶɷ֮ԼޱߺڰͻȻԼٶȷɢü֮ĽâҲΪͻȻʧȥѹѹƣȻâʢ
ƽһƣ⾳ʱʧӰ١
ݣãȻʧ˫
һƬɫ󡭡
Լʶ֮С
ǡ
ݵĿ֮¶˼ãȻɻ
ʱü֮ĽɫڽâȻʢ֮ȴǱȻƬ֮ʧ
ݴʶ֮д֮󣬷ų³һĿ΢˸
šҺǶһ⾳֮С⾳ΪƮƮ죬Ƿʲô£
üͷϡǵ֮ǰһС
Ūʲô¡Ƭ֮ȴһü
ˣҺǱδһҪȥĳˡ
Ŀ΢һٳɣʶصʵ
ʵ֮У֮ϵĺɫâɫâɢȥֻ΢һ˽յ˫ۡ
磿
һۣݱͿһƺʲôΡ΢һ
Ҳ΢һ֮ϵ֮ɫ΢һ˵ͷоΣ
һ£漴ͻع˵ͷá
΢˵ͷ
ʲôҲ˵Ȼٸ͡
ʶ֮УͻȻεһ֪ڸʶ
Ȼһɻ󣬲ݻѡӦʡ˵ͷ֮ݳĬ˵Ŀ⣬ȴǳεĿȥĵطȥ
һϮµԪʱӳݵ
ֻһۣݵζʱһɴ۾Ŀ֮УһĨɫһζ
þ˵ȣǿԶܿ⣡
ֻһۣףָӦ
Ӧοеġʦ塯˰ɣ
а𾪵š
֪ʦ˼ˣˡ
ʱȴͻȻ˵ˡȻݣȴ΢һ㶡
ôˣ˵ҪҼ롰洫𣿳ɹˣʧˣʶþʱ﷢ʲô£һ仰˼ʱת
ݼǵθ˵ĻԣĿ΢ȴδ˵
ߡ
һߣǺͷ䡣ʱ΢һ𣬶Ŀ΢Ǻ֮еĲɱ
ȻȴδԪߣ΢֮ת
ݣ߰ɡ
ݽ΢٣ҲתͬһԲѭ·ȥ


407 ѡ
ٴλص֮ͨϣƺ˼һԲԭƽ͵ȣҲЩݣȻɻĿѯʣεģȴִͷĬһ·ȥ
ܿģѾ߳˹ţƽ̨֮ϡ
ʦ֣ô
ƽ̨֮ϣһľ£ΧߣΪ
εΣص߾ͬʱعͷУѯһȻ֮ϵɫ֮ʱȴ΢һıҲ΢˸üͷһ¡
֮෴Ǹ߾εɫ֮ʱһ㵣漴һ˿ֻЦ⣬ȴǴһš
ݿüͷʱ΢塣
ƺδ߾ֻһ֮ҡҡͷŤͷ
˵ţֱӳƽ̨Ե֮߶ȥ
һ֮Ҳüͷȥ

ԵĿӹԶɾһȺ壬ͷ

δȴ೤ʱ䣬һ񣬳Ⱥ֮䣬һ֮ƽ̨ʱ˵ϡ

һԾ񱳣˵ҲһԲһΣȥ
߰ɡ
εһ˫һչʱǷ
ٶȻص˶ϡ֮ϣųĬεıӰɻȴҲδųѯʡȴ˼һȴǿж񣬲ǳϼ֮¶ȥǳȺ֮жȥˡٶȼ죬ܿ죬ûƲ֮䡣
ûƲͬʱһͷͨɫһߣڿնƽ̨֮ϡصĸ߾ڿͬʱ۾һ֮ϸֳЦݣӭȥ

ڶϻصƲͬһ㱡ƣɾ
ݶˣ֮ϣ֮ϡ
ε󣬳Ĭ
Ҳ֪˶֮󡭡
Ǹ
ųһ̾ϢΣڿڡعͷݣ¶һ˿Ц
磬׷ʲô£
ƺͨĳ⣬ݣվҲһƽѯ˳
һǹǻþǹŹֵ⾳Էʲô£һͷˮǺ˵ݣҲȫȻ֪
ӺѺ龰ȴܸо֡ƺǺηһЩʲôͻԭƽ͵ȣһ̣Ҳ͸¶˼Ǻ꣬͸¶˼ɱ
ƺ롭Ǻ꣬εʦ𣿼Ȼʦ壬˫Ĺϵôˮݣ
ʵЩԻˡ
ݵѯʣߵĿЦԽɬ֮̾һ˵ΪҵһʱƺĳվˡȽһЩ㣬֮ѡԼɡ
εĻ΢һüͷ
ٶȿЦһһ֮󣬱ǽԪʦ𡰼١ֶ֮ԹԼ֮ǰһɣȫ˵
εüͷԽԽı飬Ѿȫѿ
飬
һݣԷı飬ͷȴǿɬһЦ
ԼĪͻȻһֻ±飬Ҳݺõʲôطɣ
뵽΢ͣһ֮󣬱Ҳ΢Щε˵Ԫر֮û뵽Ϊʦ뿪Ȼ˹ų켺ҲѾ㣬֪ҽеģȻ˶ֵ⡭˵ڽԶԸ㣬ϼ壬ǱȻҲһϵеĴʦУԪһ̧ͷȻ뾡취ѹһţֻԪΪ˴ңҲضԸ㡭ڡ
˵ȴͣһۣȴδ˵ȥ
ݲδ˵εĻȴˡ
ε˵Ҳ졣
ʦ١УԪ֮λѾãǧѷĴѹԷĺʱΪ١һĴӣ١ĴˣȻԪһѹصʱԼΪ֮ˣȻҪܵصעġǶԷֶټһЩԼɱˣҲûпܡ
һ㣬ӽյǡŲԡ֮Ͼܿݵʶ֮ǹŹͷµĽɫյס˻þøĻǲ롣
ȻεѹԷᵱɱԼϵĴˣϵĴ˻ҪĸΪֻΪΪٽһ꼫ΪҪˣʹһ˵е·ʹ˽
ֻһ棬ԷѾжԼе·ͼԼţΪ˴ѹΣǻʲôֶΣҲͿˡ
ݵĿԽжԪҲһɱ⡣
Լп²һݽ棬ĸҪһЩɣڣݽ桭
ȭͷ΢ףȻȴ֪ʲôҲˡ
ԷϼĸϼԼȴ佣ڴŶδ룬Ϊͣڵһ֮ݵʲôɱ⣬ڶԷԣûжġ٣ʱ
һݽԪɱⰵԼļ䣬ѯʵ磬˵ڸô죿
˵Ϊ֮ƣѡһȽϰȫһȴһա
ݶʱһüεԸꡣ
οһۣһ뿪ΪȫһѡԪϾֻڴѹ켺뿪佣ڵˣԪҲΡڶ뿪ϼ壬Խ뵽һһķաΪԪҪԸң㣬ԴѹҵһֶΡϼ϶ʱûа취ˡʦ𲻹ϼΣռ󣬵־طͰȫԪնرһĳ²ϼˣΪ£ҲᱻѹҵֶΡѡԼ
εĻһ𣬶˳Ĭ
һѡȫġϾԪҲʲôֻ֮ҪݲϼԷȻϾɱ
ǣĿ佣
𰸵Ȼǿ϶ġ뿪ϾҲûʲôסֽţȻ뿪
ǣڣǾͷһ뿪佣ڣȱһӻݲԸ˵ĻôΨһѡԶ磬٣ܹԼͷ֮ͥǰûа취ˡ


408 ߵִ
ⲻ̰ǸûбҪͬߵҲûжĹϵ
ϾǹŹͷʱĴڡûбҪֺαԷģ
˵⼸ǰҪɱΪӵˣݻһ֮࣬⣬ҧгݵ˵ʲôأʵҪӱܡ
ǲųܣӰᡣˣǿҲ޶ȣԶ̤۷塣
ٵ⣬ȴȥƣʵϣȴбϵĲͬ
Ǿǡδеĵߡ
ֻѰݰˣңĿǰԣδݻļ˴ʲôšǹŹͷһֱڣҲδĶݱ¶ʲô⡭
һжڰнСֻҪ΢еӵˣǻʱ򣬶ɵܳȥЩֿĴġ
ڲԼλá
˹֪֪ҲûУʲôʲôһջ
ǿߣԼĵߵġ֮⣬ʲô˵һоȻҪŵѡ
ǣ˴ߡôİǣ⣬Żı
ͬǰЩʱīĶᱦ֮Сһֱ󣬶͵Ϯɱ˶ᱦ֮¡
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ʵأԵʱѡ񡣷ݴ󷽷վȥᱦǲʲôһ쾳ڵСһˣһ˶ɽɱ
Ϊʱû漰ĵߡɱ˶ᱦǲпнʵ£̸ʲô٣ƺǰ׳յΪݴӲΪԼʲôӡԣɱɱĸɴ࣬ᱦĸɴ࣬Ҳӵĸɴ࡭
һϷֻѭϷѡʹŵķˡԣʲôĳһĹϵ
Ҫ̸ʲô쾳ߣҪɱŮӵʱݺɵѡ˳ȡֳݵ
Ů˶ݶֻһİ˶ԣΪһİðִգʵڲһͷ˸ѡ񡣵⣬ֳߵѪ
ֻΪŮΪģԸ
ȻԸǻʲô˵ģȣΨһ
Ȼ֮ӪжΪ˳ݲδʲôΣաݶ֮ǰûж˳û˿Σյġ
ԣһϣܿݴһ̰ų෴ͷ侲¹ңڲ漰ߵ£ѡȻ漰˵ߣȴԳߵѪһ档
ִߣ̤۷塣
νġִмصһߡäĿ԰Դűʵ

ٵľԣû漰ĵߣԣһѡȻҪѡ
뿪佣ڣͱҪ뿪󻪹򣬶ڵ˻ѰҵͷϣԶԷͣ۵޼ҵҲһ
뿪佣ڣпԪεһֶΣвȡ
ѡ񣬶ݶԣƺѡ
ĬƬ֮˵佣ڡ磬ʲô
Ŀһ˵ͷ֣صҼȻ㷢룬ң佣ڣұȻûʧĵţҪѯһ£ҪĿǰĴ׼Ҫ뿪ȻǿȻԸ佣ڡǾûʲô˵ˡ
˵΢һ٣һһȥһ塣ǳһѣΪɻᣬڳĵλΪȻҴ˼ҿĪ棬ĶȻӻ㡣˵ֱӳΪ洫ӣڳ嵱һŵӣҲҪϼࡣɻɵĵλҲͣԪ֮ܣҪ鷳Ҳõԣڳ壬ӦûȽϰȫ
˵ֿһۣ̾һҲЩεұֱӳΪϼ洫ӡκԪƼţϼ壬ʵ̫Σաɷģ˵ɻᶨȻӻ㣬ϼϣҲȻ裬Ը㣡ʦٻϼ壬Ȼһ֣
εĻ뱣֤ȴǶκøи
һƽʾˣ֮ǰǡϼɱԿ˾ǱϿǰ޺
Լȴûл˵
Ȳ۵ճȣͽս佣ڣҲǴάݡ
֮ǰȻڻþУԲ֪淢顣ݺεԣѹ֮һϵľ棬֪Ǻ֮䣬ȻǷһЩʲô֮ԪԼеһ˿ɱҲС
Ȼմ˵ԣ¶Ҫų켺ͻģԼŵϾԼһ佣ڵĵӶ㣬ɱˣҲɱˡ
ʲôԵʹɱֻ֡ԼѾһʬ壡
ʲôԭԪԼҲۡ٣ԷԼɱ⣬ǿԿ϶ġԼš
˵ȻδһЩʲôԪòŹԼ
һȴεİţȻҲûκ顣
ˣлˡ
ԣûж˵ʲôҡҡͷĬ

ڿа衣
佣ڵռǺܴһɽ
ɽ֮УӯŨʤյľ¡գ棬㡭滨ݣ޵׺
佣ʮ⡰λãɽ֮УΪߴΰʮ塣֮ԶеģǸ˺Щɽ塣
ͨ˶ԣҪһһֻ¹ߣҪķѴʱ䡣ģҲСաԶģ¸µʱ䣬Ҳһִܹ
佣ڣߡߵĽǳ˿Ա⣿Զķ֮ڣҲһΡ
ϼڵķ佣ڵɽŲͬҲ㲻Զ
佣ڸһ֮еģ콣󣬾Ŵ˴һϴӵо飬䣬ȵáƽʱǰֹʱʱ̶̿ڿ״̬һ֡ãȴֻɽַʱ򣬷Ż
ʱȫתγһɱ
Ϊ֮һֲֿǽʯƾ죬һƲɵ
佣ӵнʷôƾõ֮УȻҲһЩǿ顣˿ֲһʱ򣬴顭
˴佣ڵĵͳŵԴУһֱ񡭡


409 佣ڵĶ̰
˼壬佣ڣһԡΪ޵ɡѧת콣ǽ߽֮еһ֣оתת֮궼ԻϽâա
󻪹ĴɣÿһɣԼص㡣
᪻ţԵҩƣܸ֮֮У൤ҩãнַǧ֮
᪻ţҲĴ֮УΪǿһֻΪŵҩ̫֮ʿ֮ǧ˿ƵĹϵ֮ˣϾҲˣҲաѶ·ߣͬҲ硣ԣ֮᪻вûжɱԼǿĹƾһ֮ȴӵмѡ˵Ĵ֮ǿΪ
ˣѧͳ֮еġѧΪĴ֮УΪصɡ
أ˵ڵأǹѧԨԴΪءѾγϵͳġѧӺζãҲһա
֮ǰͻȻ𣬶֮ƺɨ󻪡֮ռ֮أ׼ŵʱ򣬴֣֮£ֻ󻪹ɣҪˡ
̫ͻȻĴ֪ʶΪء
ڣΪĴڡ
ţڣڴ½ĳһǿķ֧⴫󻪹꣬һֱδõ֤ʵνѧ磬дţȻݵġ
Ǵ½Ӵǿᵽ˼£ԶԶ˴󻪹ɵʵ۷ͳͳҪǿ̫̫࡭
ΪΪһ֧ڣȻ
ʵϣ˻ɣˣӦҲͬһԴ½ĳǿ޷֤ʵ
ɣ佣ڣΪɡ
ϹһΪתɡɣõĵͳУӶɽšǧ꣬һʼСɣ۷ԽԽǿȻҲԽԽգ˴󻪹Ĵɵλ֮ϡ
ǡתɡϹʱһִڣʱѾã޴֪֮мأϹʱġתɡֻҲǼֻ֮ƺǵĳǿǿУš佣ڵõĵͳУȴڡתɡڸ֮ĳһΪص֮С佣ڵĴײУֻ⡰תɡĵͳȻʷ֮С
ֻǣͳ֮УҲֻ˹ڡĴУ棬ȴͼΪѷˡ
ԣ佣˵Ĺɱǿڹڡ󷨡ҩⷽ棬ȴǶĲˡ
ϾؾôҵġңҵؾйڵҩҲ١Ͼҩһֱ缫Ϊϡȱ
һҪƾõĴȥԵӵȻ֮ء֮УҩǱزٵһϾµչ黹ģ츳һ㣬־һЩҪɾͣҩһ·
ˣ佣֪ԼҵڣŬҲһֱڼšֻ޶ģҲֻͨˡ
ϾȻۺ᪻ŵԷҲĴ֮һҪȡᣬҲҪûһԻ񡭡ȻҲ޷ʲôˡ
ˣȻˣ棬ȴȻ佣ڵ֮һ
Ȼ㣬չܻҪġԣ佣ڣͬҲרĴڡǾǡ壡
ţ֮ڣһ˹ľ޴¯ֱӿɽ֮Уǧֱ࣬ͨġ֮֮
еһ޴¯ǵһϹؾƷ᪻ţۺ첻ѡ
ʵϣ֮᪻רҪ佣һʽףҪһ¯
ϧ佣ڵĿȴ᪻ŵȴգ׻ûгɹͨƪܸ٣ǿ᪻ŵ֮ԽôһƷʵڲ̫㡭
ԣ佣ļƻʧܡӲʩԣϵǾ޴¯κһɡ
ϧҪˣַõĵ¯Ȼܹ߳ɹʣҲǼΪޡ
ԣȻ佣ڵһ̰塣ʱڣûжˡ

壬ϼľ벻ٶȣȻһʱ䡣
ԶԶģһ޴ɽ壬ε
ǳˡ
ΣͻȻ˵ˡ
ԣĿʱĳǰ忴ȥ
ɽ֮ϼ廹ҪΪߴ󼸷֣׳泤˸ָܡȻֵǣĻɫȴǼΪһɫһɫ
ȻƬ֮ȴ΢һЩɻ󡭡
ֻΧԶգвٷޣ˷塣ÿһֻ޵ı󣬶һˡЩˣƣǲ
з֮⣬ݵĿ̽Ʋ㣬ܷ֣ڵ֮ϣҲвٱеΡЩεٶȶǼ졭٣չ˵粽϶١ǵĿ꣬Ȼǳǳ塣
Ļ֣
Щɻ
ЩȻ佣ڵˡ
ʵϣڽϼʱݾͷ˲ٵӰ
佣ڿǴɣϼһ洫ӣʮˡŵӣǴﵽ˾˵һǧ˶࡭ֱ׼佣ʮ˵Ҳгһǧ洫ӣŵӣ
һֲֵ
佣ռɽ˷УҲͲôˡ
Ȼʱܹǿ϶ġ
ǣϼ壬Ǿûгôֵġ
ݲ֪ԵɣȻΪɻˡ
壬˵ߣΪֵĵطˡ
һԵƺǿݵɻһЦ֮󣬿˵
һŤͷΡ
ΪƵҩĵط

һһ˵ݶʱһĿ΢һ
Զĳ壬Բδݵı飬Цŵͷҩ߶ԣǼΪҪġϾ֮·ΪѣûЩҩƽܶطγɹؿͻơ֮⣬֮ս֮Ԫþʱ򡭡Ҫõҩ
壬佣רṩĵط㿴֮ϵֲﾡԶǺɫΪ̫ĻӶԵɡ
ָűɫֲ︲ǵĳ˵
ѭĿȥǣǸֳһ˿Цݡ


410 
һ塭ϼ壬壬ܵõĺô󣡡
ԭΪһ֮µѡ񡭡ȴû뵽Ȼ佣֮⻹ʲô˵ģϾ֮ȡ佣ڵӣҪģ壬ȻҪϼ巽Ķˡ
һзɿӹˡܸ١֮еּأ¶Цݡ
߰ɡ
µһֱӳ·ȥ

ɽ֮£һǽݵͨϣɽ塣ȥͬһľߣɽ֮ϣ֡
һͨһֱɽжΡжεشһ޴ޱȵɽ
֮ϼ廹ҪΪ׳ΰ֣ɽֱֱӾѾʮ๫ڴ˴ٳɽһֺ
ǽͨߵɽ֮ƽ̨ȣͳĹࡣȣȴǳɽֱʮ
˵ɽáɽֱ֮ӿٳƽ̨ݸӵʺϡ
ƽ̨Ϸɽ壬Ǳֱбһ㣬͸бڣֱӳƽ̨֮ϡƽ̨ڲ࣬ȴһֱǶ±֮ϵŻ
ǧɵбռ䣡
ϣǿ𺳡
ΰ󣬵Ϊôһطķ˶
ƽ̨֮ϣӰǶ佣ڵĵӣг屾ĵӣͬҲϼ壬ȵǰĵӡ
ЩЩǽЩεӰֻĵǴ໥̸ţл⣬йءѯҩڣе⡭֮йصһ»ˣǵ̸ʡ
֮ͨͨߵƽ̨ĵӣڴҲһЩģͣ˵⻰ƺڷɢԼŵ顣ƽ̨֮ߵ֮ͨϣ׼뿪ĵӣȴֱֻ顭
ϲʧ䡭
ֻҪߣ磬ô٣ܽӴһЩġǣЩֻΪͼһ֣ɹʼֻͣͨڰٷ֮ʮʮ֮䡣ϾߵȼһǶ
ɲƾȡĳֶġҪϵġ
бҪƳɵҩĲϡвĵʶÿһͺñһζĲ
ʤȻһк˵ʧܣȴǻʧء
ʶ˿ϲȻҲʧ䡭
ȻʧˣȽ϶һЩ˭ĳɹôأ
һʧܣʾҪʱȥѾ˼ռϡ
һǳɹʧܡҪġ

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а˰һʮ
ƷӵкεܣǺε棿ɴСɳɶ̣ãֱ
һƷ¯ɽһӴ
ҲΪ¯ĴڣǵĴġ֮𡱴¶ȫѹաԵ֮佣ڣѾһɽˡ
ļȻ֮䣬һ֮ƽ̨һΧһȺ佣ڵӣʱĳ±һ࿴ȥ
񣿲֪һʦ֣
⼸˿һۣʱϳ񡣶ȴ¶˼ֺ档ȴûоȡ
Ͼ洫ӣҲҪġ
ֻΪӵƷĵ¯ⵤ¯ӵ߳ɹʵĹЧġ
˵洫ӡ೤ϣѡƵҩ
ԣطһͷߡ洫ӣмΪĳϣԵ̫ȡҲЩˡ
סλʦʶϼʦ֡
ڳһ֮һƽ̨֮ϡӰһƽ̨֮ϵĵӣڿ֮µ֮󣬶ʱϳ
ϼʦ֣ǰǰڴȣϼϯ֮λһλ
Ա߶ʱ˺ѯʡ
ϼһλ֮⣬λʦְ˵ˣɵİ˺һۡ
΢һ㶣漴ٺٸЦһζˣ˵֪ʦҪʲôҩУǸΪ쾳ڵļһ˭
źߵĻΧһɵӵĿⶼǲɼеϣһҲ˼ֺ桭

ģȻǡˡ
ôֱʣ
һۿƽ̨֮ϵľ£ݵʱ۾һɣһ
˴Ļֺǡϼȫɱġ˴һռ䣬Ӳɽ֮Ͽٳġ󣬾֪һִ󹤳ˡ
𺳰ɣ˴佣ǰһλ߶ٳġѾˡ
οݵı飬¶һ˿Цݣ˵
٣
ݶʱɴ۾Ρ
ε˵ͷݵı飬ݸһЦҲ𾪣㲻ʲô佣֮УгˣӵʣֻҪŬվһҲﵽ̶ֳȣǳԽûʲô𾪵ġ
ˣ
ݱ𾪣εĻݸӵ
ʲôʲôɣǣ
ǰֺݶ𺳵ֱʣ佣ڣȻгһϵһʲô
ֻһ仰佣Ϊ󻪹Ĵ֮һĺص̣ʱ¶š
߰ɡȴȥɻᣬ㰲ˡ
ЦЦ֮󣬱㲻ݵ𺳣Ц˵֮󣬱תƽ̨ȥ
еݣŻһεıӰһ
佣ڵǿߣȻ֮࡭ΪͬΪĴɵڣֻҲԲ١ǹŹͷУҲŹͷֵижǿǸʲôݣ
ֻһ˲䣬ͻȻķǳԶ֮ųһĬ֮Ȼ͸¶ż𺳣ε󣬳ƽ̨ȥ

һ·ȥݿ˲ٵĵӡԽԽ
쾳쾳ڡ쾳ڡ쾳۷塭͸͸쾳۷塭쾳۷塭
һӴ߲඼ǺĿһۡȻһ˿ʱʶӦ֮УȴĸЩӵʵ
һ٣쾳ģǴ쾳ߡһЩͬǰһ㣬ȫһ̶̽ⲻ˿ǳ
佣ڣж߰
ݴδһԼôǿߣһʱ䣬Щɵˡ


411 ĳɹ
ⲻݣʵΪݵ۽ʵ̫СͻȻôһ磬ôǿߣѹ𺳡
Ҫ֪춼֮УߵҲһǧݼģǼΪޡ
Ȼƽ̨֮ϡһĿȥӵгǧˣЩˣȫߣУ쾳ߣ֮Ǵ쾳ߣٴ֮һ쾳ߡһЩȫ޷̽ǳ
һֳһ𺳣
ݼѾҪ𾪵ľˡ
ЩȥһҲһǿڣ
ѹ֡ѹ춼ңڻ߶ԡ̫̫ˡ
һĻȫľ˹
Ȼȥġʶʸչһˣӵнɱεʵ
⣬ߵ硭ģǿߵ磡

ݣһ¡
ʱǰͻȻһŻ֮ǰȺ֮ͣ󣬿˵
ݻһŻعɻĿ⣬ǰȥ
ǰӿһȺˡԼĪжٸԣЩŻ֮ǰѻһ
Ǿۼڴ˴·ڵȴʲôһ鶼żţʱģ̽Ŀһۡ
ζ˵仰֮󣬱תֱӳȺ֮ȥʱѾûȺ֮С
΢һ֮ȴҲֻȴ
ʦܣһ׼ڲɢ˼ϣ
ʱݵǰԶĵطȴǴһѯʵ
ͷʱһĵطȥ
ǰԶȺΧҲڴ˵ȴʲôΪ㶼ͣǡ쾳۷塱ֻǣһ꣬һȴģӡ
˵ģģӡ
˰˸
ǰ΢һ£ȴǻش
˸ģ߶һ¶˼ԥ·Ҫ˵Щʲôȴֲ֪γһ㡣
ʦ֣ʲôҪ˵ǿ˶Էԥһüͷ֮󣬿ѯʡ
⡭΢һ٣һҧЩ˵ʵʣϿɻнڲΣҪֻ̫࣬Ҫ㹻ҩıǹˡУԸÿһöƷʯļ۸㹺򡭡
ǰԶʱ΢һ¶˼Ϊѵɫʦ֣˵ǰЩʱգҵȷںĴԵ˵ĲɼһݵڲΡǡ
˵ı¶֮ɫҲ֪׼Ҫ̴쾳ڲɢаЧϣȴܸһЩѾʮˣһλûа취ɹ¾ҪֳȥˡһڲȻСԷֳʮһݲϣܻᱻĵİ˷֮⣬ݣȴҪɻʦΪġԣʵڱǸСʵûʲôˡ
˵¶˼Ǹ⡣
΢һҲ¶˼Σҡҡͷ㻹Ǻˡҷʦ֣ǰīʱ˳ٷݵڲΣջΪԷҪ̫ߣҲֻճķݡҪɻʦƣҲҪϡҲֻʣݡҪƵڲȻֻΪҩûݵڲ֮Ϊкͣ޷ﵽЧðڲΣȻҲյЧȻǲǿ⡭
˵ţεĿЦһˣð㿪ġϧԼҲáҲûа취ˡֻϣ֮Уܽҳɹһݰɡ
˵ţƵ̾һҡҡͷҲڶˡ
ɹʿǼ͵ġͨԣΪĳһֵҩϣҪݵġֻһݲϣƶɵİûУǺ֮
νĳɹжٶٲ㣬ʵҲһֹ㡣԰ٴΪÿһٷݷҩ֮УܳɹƳʮݳɵҲͿ˵ĳɹΪٷ֮ʮܳɹʮݡǱ߾ǰٷ֮ʮ
Դơ
Ҳ˵ŵʮݲ֮Уܳɹһݣǰٷ֮ʮܳɹݣǰٷ֮ʮ
⵱Ȼһ̶ֵǲͣĻġ˵˶١
ͨƵҩǰٷ֮ʮĳɹʡУкܴһֽĶһ޷İյÿһϸڡȻҲ޷סǳɹˡ
һЩַʦɹ֮Աͨ˴һЩΪЩ츳ټһЩַض£ܹסһЩ׳ľ桭ɹĿȻҪһЩ
ǣַϾ亱֪ҽ֮ȫϸÿһ׶ÿһ׶εķģǾ͸Ϊˡ
ӣɻᣬӦһΪʦĳɹʣӦڰٷ֮ʮʮҡ
һϸݣʱȴһЩ֪
ÿķݲϣܱ֤ƳһöҩɹʣѾﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮ塣
һͨ˵ܸߵĳɹʡ
ҪСⲻ˰ٷ֮ʮĳɹʡеļֵԶԶκ˵
Ҫ֪ĲϣɲǴײˣ洦ԵõҪһݣζҪķѴľпҪõ꣬ʮꡭ
һѡôʮأҪķѵľָһӴ
緽ǰ˵˷ݲϣҪöڲɢټϸɻı꣬һʮһݲϡ
ԼƣҪ׼ٶʮֲϣҪĵľһ롭ңһɹ
ǣҪɻᡣΪԷĳɹʸߣʡһľʱ䡭
⣬ɻֻаٷ֮ʮʮĳɹʵ¡ĳɹٸһЩôʡľ࣡
⣬ֻƷҩȻأŬ㻹ܹҵ
ôƷ׵ҩأЩƷ׵ҩĲϣǿǾ˫ġʱ򣬳ɹʣָһҪ
ѹܸ֮Եʦĵλߡӣȷˡ
ݵĿӹΧһ֮п
ҲһЩˡ¾ۼŻ֮ǰȺɻƵҩġ
佣רõڡΪ佣ڵķ֮һȻҲԼĵӡ䣬еһ洫ӡ
洫ӣӵĸߵУɹʸߴٷ֮ʮʮɻᣬǵ֮еٮٮߡģڳҲûСֻ߱չأ߳Σٳ֡
Ȼִ˴һְɻᣬ֮ã֮ˡ
ܰԼˣǲԼ𾴵ġ
ѹ֣ԵɻᣬԪҲǡ£ҲԪżҲ󵽶ԷԵɰɣ


412 ɻ
ԽʦλԽǳߡ
ȻʦƵĵҩ뱾ʵҲһĹϵֻҪǳ˱׶Σһⶼǲ
˵Ȼֻ쾳ڣǿƳƷҩġ
ҪơƷҩȴͲˡҪﵽġڶг꣬ҲǸ쾳ϡ
ﵽ쾳ꡱ֮ơƷµĵҩ
ҪƸ߼ĵҩҪһ¥ﵽľ硭
Ҳûа취顣ƷϵĵҩƣҪꡱϵġûСꡱһЩƵĹؼ̣޷ɡ
ƷϵĵҩҪ֮ϡûҲ޴ơ
ɻᣬȻǳ洫ӣοĪ桭ôԲ²⣬ԷʵȻҲǲǲҲǲʲôطȥ
Ҳ˵ֻҪΪﵽ˵죬ôơƷҩ
ƷҩǿɲǼ򵥵Ķǵ죬ڰߣпҪõġ
ԣȻ֪ԪǸ𣬵ӦòǵھǿߣɻԣȻЩõġ
⣬žοԣԪ׵Եɰɣ
Ƴɹʲٷ֮ʮʮܵ׷ӣ佣һ棬Ƕ̰塭⵹Ǹṩ˺õĻᡭ
ӵ죬ټ֮УݶʱõһЩ
ݿƣ֮ϣȫ¶
ܸ֮ǿƺĵϢԼ꾡ֶΣṩ˾Եʱ
ٷ֮ʮϵĳɹʣһֲĳ̶ȣ
ܹô֮Уܻȡ棬޷󣡶ɿļƻȻ룡
ȻʱǲóȻʲôҩġ˼ŲۡҲֻͣ۽׶ΡյЧΣÿʵʲ
ЩȻǼáҪģȽ佣˵
֮ȡʲôôȴȷ佣֮ˡ
ףɻʦֳˣ
а㣬ƶĳƻʱǰȺ֮УȴͻȻһɧ
˼еݶʱعĿһɫ̽Ŀ濴ȥ
ǰ˳ӿˣһŻΧˮйͨݣҲǿľ¡
ɻʦ֣ﲩʦƼʦΪһö쵤һöΪ꣡
ɻʦ֣ƷʦƼģʦΪһƿɢƿѪΪ꣡
ɻʦ֣ǡ
ʱһҵͣô˴˲˵ģȻȫɻԼƵҩĻ
ˣȫˣ
ͻȻ궯ƽ̨֮ϲԶӣҲȫĳŴ˴˹Ŀ֮УżֺģҲдżĽġ
ɻܵ׷ĳ̶ȣɼһߡ
ݶԣȴ֤ʵĲ²⡭
Ȼ佣ڵһ̰ǣһɹʲʮʮʦǲܵ׷ġ
뵽һĿ֮վԭأĵĵȴ
͵ΪֹˣҶɢ˰ɡ
ʱҵ֮Уһʵ
ʱѹסΧӵȻ󣬵ȴͬڶһ㡭
ֶΣҲֻϡƽ쾳ڰ˲ߣ
Ȼȴѹĳ΢һδãΧŵȺЩʧ̾һһһ֮Ҳεҡҡͷ˵ΧȺڣȻͿʼ½½ɢ
û취ˣֻ´ˡ
ҵȲô˰
Ǿȥĳʦָ¡
ǵĳɹʣһҸء׼Ĳϲԣֻнɻʦ֣бϰ
ϧɻʦȻ뿪վֻһˡÿѡæĶҲֻȤġ
վɻʦߵϼʦְɣѵʦɻʦ֣ԽյƷôľͽˣ
Ӧǰɡǵģʦ粻ƫҴ˲ѰɻʦƵҩʱǵù
ǰʲô취أ˼ҿϼһϯ洫ʦ֮УǴ֮ˡȻǿԱġ
˵ˣɡ

һʱ䣬һԹʱݵĶУǴɢȺ֮дġ
ԣĿ΢δʲôʾֻվڵأĿ⳯ǰȥ
ʱεαӳݵεߣһɫˡ
ݵĿ⣬ʱɫϡ
һ꣬ȥεһϮɫۣȥЩݡͨ˵ȴΪʣм׺
ʱ˵˵ЦЦ
һ˿ʱʶ˿޷̽˵ǳ
ȻҲǵߡ
Ŀʱ΢һ
ݹ۲ǻʱˣѾߵݵĸǰ
ݡɨһ֮ЦųԵɻ˵
仰Ȼɻ΢һ˫ü΢һ¶˼ɻĿһۣһۡ
վԭصһֱ۲ŶԷı飬һԷӦ΢һɻıϣ²²Σƺûиʲô
˼죬Ҳδ˵ʲô΢лСݣɴ硭
δţθʲôδԷ˵ȻʦֳƺԷ
ɻɻ´һݡĿ΢һ£һԵΡ漴ƺĳֲ²⣬¶һЦݣ˵ͷ뿪˴ȥǶ˵
һЦݣһ仰ȴͷ΢һɻϣ·͸¶һ˵׺ݣҲ̲סֺøС
߰ɡ
ͬδ˵ʲôһЦ֮󣬱ɻᣬЦ̸ųƽ̨Եȥ
˼΢Ҳ٣˵󡭡
˭
һĻȻΧ˵С
ŵΧڴ󲿷˶ɢȥˣܻһ̫ĵĻվԭأԥǲҪȥһԼĲǲ㹻ɻᡭ
ɻߵεʱȴû˸
ȻɻȻΪεԵɡȥ鷳˭֪ʲôƢԣһһ⣬Լһġ洫ӵݣֱɱǣҲûض˵ȥ
ԣҲֻĿŶ뿪
˾Ȼĳǰͣʱ򣬿һĻˣ΢˴ȫʶʶһӡ


413 
ûתЩҲ쾳ǿǰûκܵģȻʱͱ̽˳
һ£ȴ˶һ£ⲻ쾳ڵļһ˺桭
һʲôݣȻܸɻ洫һ
ݵΪȫ޷̽ǵ⡭Ǳ־⼸˶ͬһεģȻΪ佣һǧ洫ӣǸ˸˵ȫʶ洫洫һ𡭡Ǻ
ǡʵպ෴
һֻ쾳ڵΪˣˣһϼϯӡһ佣ڶľʦ
˺εݣ쾳ڵļһƾʲôͣ½Ų̸֮
ʶһǸе˺桭
ݸֱȥʱ棬ǵ˶㡭
ⲻ쾳ڵļһʲô
һǵɴ۾
Ȼ棬ǰѯһģȴûС
ԣЩ˺Ŀ֮УΣɻˣȴѾߵԶˡ

壬ͨ忴ȥһɫľ޷塣֮ϣһͬһĽֱͨӵ֮ڵƽ̨
ȻͨδʹͣסڱԵ֮һͨϡһΣȴǳŸߵɽȥ
ǳ屾ĵӣס֮
屾ĵ֮⣬֮ˣ籾Ӵ죬ǲȥġ
ʦ֡
ͨڣŵӿءˣ쾳һ˺ڣһȴ۷塣
ΣɻԼ˳ͨʱ˶ʱǲˡߵǰæ񣬳ɻк
ŵӣȻǸش˴ġ
ǳ屾ӵľӲȥԭ򣬾´ŵǵǱޡ
Ͼطרķвٵĵӣгɾ͡˵гɾ͡ĳɹʣҲǰٷ֮ʮҡҲܱӵİٷ֮ʮҪǿ˲١
ңĵӣٶһЩġ
Ҫģǳɹʣǵ
ûеٸߵĳɹҲǸưˡ
ϾÿһŵǾΪʿܽĶûֶٺõҩٸߵĳɹʣҲû˿õġ
Ҫûеǰ֮£ƳһöƷҩ
ѣȵ컹ѣ
족ҲеˡҪƳһƷҩҩЧΪмֵǾͲʱġ
ҪԼΪףκһҩҩԶҪָơ
ʲôҩʲôҩԣҩǿұԵģƽԵģԻԣҩۺһ𣬻ʲôãҪһЩһЩĻ迾ҩ¯˳ָΣϵķֱǶ٣
̫̫Ҫ⡣
⵱УֻҪһ󣬵ҩҪϡ
ϵĺǡҲͻˣҪ
󣬾͸֪һݳ޵Ϊǳɣֻ£ֹҲֻˡ
ϵĵӣҲһЩȻ󲿷ֶͨĵҲĵҪĶˡ
ԿܣֹϷĻֻЩˣһͣ
ÿĵӶбƵģεƣдˡϼ֡壬ͬҲС
ȻǲҪõ֤ʵݡϾɻ佣ڳϣȻ˵ˡеӣʶġ
ԣŵһϽǹĹĴк͵ۿɻУż硭
ʦʲôطǻܵ𾴵ġ
ΪɻĶˣݣȻҲᱻ
ˣֱӱ̤ͨϷƾߵĽ֮ϣɻΣһ·˵˵ЦЦ

ݸڶ˵Ҳ֪˶ãֻѾȫƲ֮С
µĽݲԼĪҲҡһɽ塣һߣȴֱӾ±ڡ
ڴ˴ͬµıԵһ㡣·ԵĺɫܣɽХĿһƬƣһһǸߣ֮䣬м֡˷ȥƮ⾳
һ·ϣѾ˲ٴ¥ͨȥķ֧гж̡Щ̵ķ֧ͷӵȴһȻ˹ƽ̨֮ϡ棬һΪĿյأյ֮һ¥
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¥֮УЩһˣЩȴżΪ޵ʶ
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ڣǰ˾һֱڽ̸ţδ˵ݣҲֵñֳĬҿзԻΪĵط
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ãѾĲ֮С¹ΣĿģһƬãƺ
ɻȻЦ̸ţ֮һЩ£δ漰ԣɻᣬȻĪ棬̸֮ˣʶѾİˡ
ŵӵʱ򣬾Ѿʶ
İꡭôƳʱ䣿ͨˣ˹ƶѾˡǣȴʶôʱ䡣
̸ۣδʲôȻȴ󾲾ŵݣͻȻЩп
ߣ̸ݶͨ˶ԶǴ˵

ˡ
ڣн֮ǰɻᣬȴͻȻˡݶʱع񣬳ǰȥ
һͨľͷ֮һƽ̨ӳ
ȻҲ˹֮أƽ̨ԼĪǧƽСڸһ¥ǰ
ߣȥɡ
ɻкһ֮󣬵ȳǰȥݣȥ
һˣվ¥֮ǰ
Ҵһۡ
ĸ߶ȻѾǧɣεһƬƺڽ·ӿ滨ݱ鲼ȫǻ֮ɫ˵Ļһֱθ
ȻһϼѾȾ£ͷеķʧĸɸɾ
ʱվǰɻȴ΢ָ΢㣬˲ûǰķ֮ϡһʱӿ֮з𡭡
Ŀʱ΢һ
󷨡
ֻƬ֮󣬱ɢɻᣬŤͷ˵ɡ˵꣬Ŷ롣


414 
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ݵĿ΢һɨǽİС
ƷľΪǽ֮ϹżɽˮīռԵúһζƵΣ͸һеҷΪ֮һܵİԼʧ󷽣ݻȴԵΪšĲɹ⼫ѣģ

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Ŷɻ΢һüͷƬ֮¶˼ֻȻԪ
εĵ˵ͷ
ʦڣԪţѾʼĴѹǰ֮ʱģɢ޵ݣûʦ£еΡȥϼһ洫ݣȴԪȻϾûдﵽ洫еʸԪʣҲ˵ʲôԪʼѹңţԪһһЩСֽţԡˡ
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ҩʼȻܹһģеĹ
ķ־ŽסֱӦߵľΪķĵȽԽߣܴﵽĲαҲԽߡеٶҲԽ죬ս֮ʱܱҲԽ󡭡
еֻķˡԣֱ˵ǲ
佣ΪĴ֮һĹ¼ֽһֺ嫣棬ȻѰҵʺݵĹ
ԣڴš
ķ֮⣬ǿѧҲݷڴ
˵ݵĵ̿Ƿǳ͵ġ󱯷ǳͷβѧ֮⣬ĹԶǺ쵽죬һȫĹʵ޵ĺܡ
󱯷Ƿѧ޷Ź֧ţܷӵҲޣ漸ӡ޷ʹóǹҲ͸˵ˡȻĪ֣ΪǹŹͷĴڣѾ¶Ĳȥݡ
ǵĳһŪǹŹͷ룬ǲȥġ
Ҳ˵׿ʶʸչϲ˵ݵսʵǷǳ޵ġڣһսʤͬΪ쾳ڵ
ԣķ빦ڴġ
գõ

¥ת΢Ƭ̡ļȻָֻɿĶƬ֮󣬻һӰֻԼŹֵ˼ļȻ֮䣬ָֻ֮䣬һ󲨶ͻ𣬶һ⣬һ˲䣬Ĵ֮ϡ
Ŀʱ΢һ˿ʶʱ̽ȥ
˲䣬ĸӦΧطͻȻһ˿˼ı仯һ˴֮ǰ
΢ʧ
ȻݵʶӦ֮ȴһɼΪǿĽƣѾǰ͡
ݵ۾ʱ΢һ¶˼µ顭
ô
µĲŽƵֶΡ
ƽʱǽƣݵûʲôоȻգȴԼһƣʱ˲ͬĸо
ָоڣ֮֮ط򣬻Ҫӵ
ΪطսʱҲֻôһ˲ѡȻ󷨣ȴʱʱ̶̿ġоǽȻͬ
ʵֶΣ˵Ҳ򵥡
ֻҪԪӡʶ֮ԿйŹΪĳط򡭡ûжôӵı仯⣬ھʹáʶʸݶԣȻǼ
ȻΪô򵥵ĶܴﵽЧȴݸо桭
ȻԼҲ⿴Ƽ򵥣ʵϣΪֻ֪Ȼ֪ȻԵɡ󷨾еģѯȴʵäˡ
⣬ȴ˼¡󷨣ô£
ҪлᣬҪоһ
ݺĿƬ̣ȻҲʲôҡҡͷ֮š
ԼҲȻ˵ʵϣûʱȥרʲô󷨡
ڣǹŹͷҲ󾿾ʲô档һǿԿ϶ġ
ھԣڵһλõģʵ
ͣԼʵֱﵽʸۿͼݵĳ̶ȣȥѰ۵ĵͳС
Ļ԰˵˵ġ
⣬Ըܡ
ԣֻ룬ת˳ȥ

ո߹ݶԡڸ󡱵·ǳϤ߲ʱѾᳵ·ˡڸƽ̨֮ǰ
ڴ֮ǰ
̤ƽ̨ʱҲڵһʱ䷢¶ЦݣԶԶЦʦܣˣ
šʦ־õˡ
ݵͷӦʱߵ͵ߡ
Ҳδ£תЦ߰ɣȽоǷȱĶ¼һ¡Ȼȥҩȡ㱾ٺȥиȡҪķ빦ʱҪĶӦþѾȡˣٵȥˡ
˵ţ㳯šڸȥӦһ
ݸоǷȱģ󶼾һЩΣΰˡѾã¼ȻҲǺܿ졣
ʱһǳǰİֽ֮ϡ
ݸʣվΡ
ʦ֣ˡ
ݳ˵һۣ۾ʱһЦǺǣʦһȴǲ
ݵԾ͸ֽȽ֮Ȼ͸¶ַâ
˵ʶˣһ˵֣Ҳ͸¶Ը񡣶ݵ壬˵ƢԵҲмơƽʱȽڹؼʱ̣ȴֻ¶âǷâ˲Ŀӡ


419 ҩ
ԣͿһ֮󣬱۾һһ֮ȴѿ޵
ֻһЦû˵
ˣô˴ˣȻȻ˴ȥҩɡ
ɨӼ֮󣬷ֶԷѰĳ֮󣬱ҲͲٶ˵ʲô֮ڰ̨֮ϣͱЦ
Ȼû顣˱뿪ˡڸ󡱡


ҩڳĸߴҪܵģŵÿµٺ
һʲʶڵҩĵӣͨŲ׵ıҪ洫ЩϵҪǱʵס
ǵҩˣԺÿµٺԼƹȡС
ھƽ̨һξĵطӰȴǳ±Կ֮ͨϡ
Ͷˡ
ңָƽ̨Ťͷݽ˵
Ŀһǰȥ
ͬһƽ̨֮ϣⵤҩȴŵӾס֮һ¥һ޴Ժ䡣
Ժռ㣬ֱӿɽһ࣬ƺ֮䣬м֮С
ȻȻԶȴȻоУƺ˲ʵΪǿ
ҩܣϾʦ֡ʦɻʦֹϵƣʦӦʶɣ
УͻȻһЦѯݡ
ԣһ㶣ȴ΢
ӣΪɻŵģͶԼԷĹϵǺ氡
Ŀ΢֮УȴֻЦһЦȴδ˵
ݵ̬ͿУȴú΢һȻĿ΢һ֮ȴֻЦЦҲٶ׷ʲôݼǰ
ʱѾ̤˵ҩƽ̨
ߺˣ
δ̤ƽ̨һѾ
ͷʱһĿʱǰȥ
ֻⵤҩԺſڣӣͣĿ
λʦ֣ң͡
æӦŲ˼֣ƽ̨˵ҩſڣӵĸǰͣ
Ǻǡʦ֣ʦ֣Ƕλְذ
ӵģͱ¶ЦݣĴкȥΪϤӡ
㡭
ʱҲǿ͵ģԭĮ飬Ҳ΢˰֡
Ǻǡǰǰ
Цţ̸
һֱĬĸĿ⣬ȴ͸¶ֺĴӡ
ӣģȥʮģȻ΢ЩǣϵʶȻˣȻǴ쾳ڵΪ
ȴõЩˡ佣ڻ֪֪У쾳ΪڵģƺԶ洫ӡ
ѵҩŵĵӣȻ洫Ӳɣ
УɰĲ²š
ݰд˵ʱߣҲ̸һ󡣿ȥ͵ĵλƺҪ࣬˵ΪӣȴɫĮȻһֱ˵̸֮⣬һӣȴһֱδ
ˣ˵ϻˡҩǽأûǲġˣȴΪΣ
˼֮ƺҲоЩˣ͵Ļѯʡ
ƺѡԵݡ
ʵҲ
ͣרŸ˽ӴŵӣߣҲһЩΪϵ͵ĵֵġ
ΪɻԽͰˣȻҼٽ֮֡
⣬ҲһֱڲͣĴ̽ɻϵԵ֮һʵΪ˷Լݵ̬ȡ
ݵһЦȴͦεġҲĥԷɻǸʲôϵ
ɻƼŵ⵹ǲˡԣͲŻݱֵġڽջһڡڸ󡱵ȴĵ
һ˵ݣﻹõԽЩ
ⵤҩӿǲ֪ݵݣȻǽ֮͵֮һȻʲô
ӴơǺǣʦĵ̫ͶȻ¡æһԼԴȻݸλӽܵҸλʦֽһ¡ոոŵʦܣݡݣλʦ֡λǺʦ֣λʦ֡
ͽܣȻҲôҲǸϽ֣лݣʦ֣ʦ֡
Ŷ
˽ܣ΢һ֮󣬵Ĵݼۡ
Ƽ
зӣŤͷ͡
ɻʦ֡
æһЦŻص
ɻʦ֣
ɻʦ֣
Ȼû뵽һλж¶˼־ȡƬ̣˷һ˵ͷԭɻʦ֡š
˵ţ˶ǳݵ˵ͷ
˵̬ȻݵУȴ΢һ
ȥɻᣬ佣ڶһȻǲδڿԡ
ǰ˵̬Ͼֱܷ֡
֮ǰԼģһ˵ɻƼж¶졣󣬲Լ񡭡Ȼǿɻϵġ
ǡСܹǴʦȡٺǺǣҪͶλʦˡ
һԲʧ̵æ˵
ԭˡšʦܣƿѾȡ
ԣŻȻ˵ͷ֮ǰͽ̸ĺʦ֣ѯʡ
Ŷˡ
æع񣬴ӻƬ֮󣬽һƵݸ˶Է
ԷӹĿ΢һ˼£³Źֵڡʱһ⣬ļȻݵ֮ϼûգʱ·Ǵһ˿
δȴ̫ãʱһͻȻ֣һ⣬·Ƿ˻һ㣬ǵеơ
âһǺʦֶʱͷȥ
Ƭ֮Ǻʦַŵ˵ͷȷһµٺ
˵꣬Ƶݻݡ
ˣڴ΢Ⱥһ°ɡ
ʦ˵꣬תŵҩȥ
ݴżֺ̧ͷգһԵͣǵȴ
δ̫ãǺʦֱǻˣжһƿ
ʮǵһ°ɡ
ʦ˵ֱ꣬ӽƿ׸ݡ
òãʦܻŲʦ𣿺Ǻǣ˶λʦ֣£ˡ
˵һԵѾЦ
Ǻʦֿһۣ΢һüͷ漴ȴҲδ˵ʲô˵ͷҲ
ЩֵĿһۣĻȷͣ˴򿪴ƿĶ͵ʾ³΢ת͵˳ȥ
ʱѾȫʧλӵ֮С

ˣֱȥиɡڸǱߣŻҪ׼һʱ䡭ǺǣѾȥ˴룬ʮǵӦѾʱˡ
ƺ֮䣬±һͨϣݣ֮ͨϣЦ˵


420 ִˣ
ʮ΢һ㶣΢һüͷЩɻ󣺡ʮô
˵ʮʵϣֻöʮ
ԣȴǿЦһҡͷ˵
΢һ£ԵĿ͡
Ťͷһۣ漴̾һЦҲû취¡ǵҩרŸǳŵӵٺġȫȨҲ˵žԵĶԵҩĴȨȻŹ棬ǵȷÿ¶ҪõʮǵٺʦǣȴҪп˿һЩ
˿һЩ
𰸣һʱû뵽ʵ¶˼־ȣҲǲ΢һȻƬ֮ȴεҡҡͷͷȻЩп
Ȼϱ֮׽Ҫǿ࣬׽ǱԭͬҲС
ν˿ۡ˵Ȼб˽ҡ
Ȼвжŵӣսһ·ֵϢûǧҲǧ
ÿһ˿˿ۡ
һӴֱֵ
аԸпⵤҩȻǡʲһö
Ͳδݵı飬ԵҲˡǵЧȻҲ١ңǳ廹õģϣģڻ˿һϣǲŽء
һ룿ʮ
⵹ݵһ£Ƭ̲֮סѯʵǾûϷӦ𣿡
аôûУӦˣл¡ͱ͸¶εҡҡͷǰϣһλҩʦ֡λʦԼΪ̰ԭ÷ŵӵʮУ֮Լб˽ҡŵÿÿֻʮһΪǼŭǣһЩţǺȻСգ洫ʦ֣ȡ˵ҩµͷǣ֮󲻾á
˵΢ͣһ¡
ݵ˼¡
Щһ¼ŵӣһ˼ˡͣ̾
˼
ͷʱ͵һ
˼Ʋ⣬Ҳ֪Щӣȥʲôطˡ
ô
Щûع
佣ڣţǼΪõһ档羰ͬɾЩ˵֮䣬Ҳ໥ϵǢ໥ʲôĦìܵ¼δȻ֮Ԫ˲õӡ󣬵ΪڣָоҲǼΪġУֻҪһרУбҲˣᷢ顭
Ȼڿƺѵɱͬţڸ߲Ҳô
뵽վ̲סڵ໥ɱѵڸ߲㶼ô
ܣһ漴ȴǿЦһ˭ܣи߲㣬ϣЩҪǱأҪ⣬С϶֮¡شӰ쵽ɵͳ飬Ǽ档ģ洫ӡ˭Щ飿
͵ı˵볰ŵʲô洫УŵӸʲôǡϽ˿¼ͱеŵӣǧˣڵʱһ¼ɡȻЩŵһʧ٣ȴһΪ˵һ仰ҲûУܣǺǣ˭ܣ˭ָҹܣ
Ϳɬ֮д˵Ȼ֮ɫ⣬ƺǣĳΪĵطĿУɵķһ˿˿ãȻŵӣڰ֮ǰͻƴ쾳ﵽ洫ӵУȴǵģֻˡַȥڡȻһ浽ǸʱԼҲͲԼˡ
͵һȫĴסȻݿǲ͸¶һ˿֮ʱȴļȻһ΢Ĭͷ
͵ĸпƺĶȻԼܺõʲôط
붼ҲۣǹŹͷѹͱ֮͵Ҫ̫̫࡭
ӦǺϣԼܹﵽ洫ӵĳ̶ȰɣڶԷ洫ӣӦþ˵ˡ
ȻȴǣԶԶǣ
һΣͿ֪Ϊһ֮ϯڵ֮УǵȻǱ磬߸ϵȻǸλõʱȴ֪棬ˣ˻ǵ˼άִǵˣڡֻڿ˼ţȥӦԪѹȰɣ
һǿƵ磬֮У˭˵˵ԼִԼˣ
ûУ
佣ڵһ֮ĴڣͬҲ˵ԼִܹԼˣ
Ϊһ棬ܹͬĴڡ
綼ڣˣ᪻š
ҪִԼˣ
򵥡ȥ۷壡
ֻվ۷壬ӵ˷ּ㸲صԵνġִˡ
Ҫɱңұ죡Ҫңұأ
ӵ֮ǰһνġִˡֻЦ̸ѡ

Ϊ͵һϯĸпͷڱǿĿԽǿ
һȷԼĿ֮ʱĻⲻΪʲôױ˵ֻΪһݿһݣԺ˵Ŀ
һͷһݿ¶ЦݣͻȻʦ֣иʲôط
任̫죬ĳ֮еһʱЩûع
ȻҲǳˣֻһ֮֮ϵȻãȻ֮ɫһɨգҲ¶Цݣи󲢲ڳ塭Ҳˡ
ݻȻ¶һЦݣ˵ͷ㲻˵
͵ƺһЦ֮ƺָֻ

͵һ··н
˾ԶߣųٶȣȻǲδ̫ãѾµѰɻƽ̨֮
岻佣Ϊֵĵطյ˿δ٣һƬȥ֡
ʶ͵ƺҲǲ٣һ·ŵӣǳʹкҲЦһһ񡣵ݣȫˡ
Ҳѹ֣ݵΪ׽翴ףȻƵĵط쾳ڣͨĴˮƽҲ˭ע⵽
һ·δͣ٣ֱ˳壬Ŷȥ
ݵһ佣֮ߣֻĴĻݣУݾȻǷ˲ܸ֮жмصҩ
ЩҩȻݲãЩֻʮ꣬Ҳʮꡭİ
ƵҩҩҲǷǳҪġͬĲϣƳĵҩ͸޷ʳáֻݹˣҩ֮зŻ֮ʱҪֶĳɷ֡ûôġ


421 и
Щ֮⣬һЩ֪ķ޳ûڴҰľ֮䣬֮ڣԵüΪ
ݲпеԣȻǴ桭
и岢ͨҪߣ߸켸ҹҲһܸϵԣ˳壬˲δ೤ʱ֮ͱӿٶȡ
ݶԴˣȻû顣ǣ˶Ƕʱӿٶȡ
ҫɫâߵı־ڷΪƣٶϣȴǲˡ
Ȼ쾳۷壬ֻ쾳ڶѣ֮Ĳ඼ֹһŵ粽ٶȣݵҲǿ͵ٶȡ⵹Щ⡣
Ҳδ˵ʲôһ·޻˶Ƿ۵Űǰ
нСգͷѾ졭
ˡ
ͻȻߴͷһٶȶʱһһΣ˵֮ϡͣҲһζ֮󣬳ݵߡ
վ֮ͳǰһ޴ɽָȥЦǴиˡ
̧ͷȥ֮ǰһΪߴɽ塣
ɽΪ˵Ǹߴ󣬵ȴҲԱߵɽȶѡ֮壬ϼһԣȴֻһСˡ
ɽĸ߶ԼĪң֮䣬㲻վ˵ĸоȴΪΰ
Χ̺ĻŴӵ֮£ΰ֮Уȴ͸¶һ˿˿
Ȼ֮Уһɫ֮طҪһУĸп
漴ȴһĿ΢
ұҪѰҵһŵȽ׸һЩķƷʵ̫ͣ⽫ӰҵĽٶȡԽǸƷ׵ĹȻѣǽٶȴԽ죬ȡԪԽӵĻȻҲԽ󡣡
кԼĶ̰ʲôط
Σǹ棬е粽ѩ裬ܲҵνҪģǽ֮Ͼֻôһаˣ仯㹻ˣǹ棬ȴ㡣
쾳ϣҵĹ޷˵ǡȻһ˪ⷽĿհףҵһֹǿĽǾ͸ӵؼʱ򣬿Ϊʶʸ֮һɱﵡ
뵽ְ΢һüͷ
лһ޵սףһǰ˪Ҳ֮ﶼ޷ʹáһֱҲǸǱ˷֣ɱ˶ᱦ֮ģ鷳Ҳ֪⴫иûйķ⵹ҪһҡʵڲУҲֻܡ
Ŀ΢йЩûиκˡڰΡ
ʵЩ̫ǵϵǿߣ˵ۺ첻ѡ쾳ڵУֱͬһͯŻƽС˷
һԣǱǹͼԶˡ¥֮˺ԺС
ӦһȽϰȫĵط
⴫иһԼҪĶ˵佣ô֮УӦòѷԼҪġ
߰ɡ
Ҳֻ˲飬Ժ֮ͷתѾ˾ϡߵͣҲʱĿڳ
ݵͷ󣬸͵󣬳Ǵиȥ

⴫и˵һ󡱣ʵȴһɽ塣Χһصķ򲨶ϣȲ󷨵ļһҲܸоɽΧмǿĽơֻǣǴһ״̬֮ʱǱȻܾˡ
͵̸֮УҲ֪һЩ⴫иһЩ顣
һ佣ʮ֮Ĵڡ佣ڣи֮⣬ֻС󡱣Ƕʮ֮Ĵڡܵ佣ڱͳʮƿء
ʵΪ֮õĳ壬ʵҲӦ֮ⷶһġֻڵҪǡƷĵ¯Ҫֻ֮ͨгΪĵطʶΪʮ֮һ
иҪģŵӡ
ÿһÿ£б洫ӻ߳ϣôһЩᡣٺŵӿǰص㣬⴫иڡ
˵ϾûеطԴЩҪģһ󡭡и󣬾Ǵʦҵĵط
еʱҲǼġǶһɶԡ
ݴ͵УҲŵ洫ӵĲͬ
˵ŵӣԵǴ
洫ӻ򳤱⴫и󿪽ŵһãͬǴ
洫ӣȴǲͬ
Ϊ洫֮ԱΪ洫ΪǴǰĳʦųϵ£Խʦĸʲô֮Ե̡ЧȻȳԴҪǿĶࡣ
ǿߵ̵Ȼ߼·ΪȻҲ졣
ⷽ棬సġ
ŵӣ쾳۷塣һһһʱͻ˴쾳ȴʧȥ˳Ϊ洫ӵʸ񡣶һͬﵽ˴쾳ֻоʮ꣬Եõ洫ӵݡ
˵˵ĲӦǼΪ޵ġ
ǡ
ʮʮ֮洫ӣѾﵽˡ쾳۷塱ڵľ硣һˣȴȻǡ쾳ڡ

δһֲࣿݲòп
Ȼ֪⵱ԴԵɡɷϣǿĽ̵ҲǼΪҪԭ
£ҲŵӣԴҲҪõ洫ݵԵ֮һɣ
аš

ڱ̸УҲܿĳǴинǰľͣĳֿſȥʵĴиҲǰչĿ
Ȼһ֮£ȴǻһ𣬶˫ĿֱֱĶǴиķ壬һʱ䣬Ȼ˵ˡ
𺳣¶ģ𺳣
ͨиɽ۷ģһɽŵ嶥ıֱͨ
Ľаɳ̣ƽ࣬Զƽʯɣ󣬵ΪôһͨݣһƴĹ̡
аɿĽ࣬ÿݣһԡЩ͸죬ҲǲͬЩǷݣЩޣģȴŮٸͬȾԲࡣ
һԼĪгǧֹ
һֱͨɽۣ֮ǧɵΰ֮⣬ɽ࣬ͬҲӳٵķ֧Щ֧쵽ɽĸ߽ǣ棬ͬҲ޽һЩΰۼĽ
ӴĵȺ˺ƴĽȺ̹ͨݡ
ʱ䣬һɺ嫰ϢһĽչ֮䣬ӭǣ


422 佣ڵƣ
Ϊͳ佣ŵӵڣȻҲַǷ
֮ϣ֮£ӰȫŵַǷЩӾԶӵмǿΪǳȺӣεӰֻٶȴ󶼼죬֮ϣǺûۼΰĽ֮䣬̾ΪֹεΪۡ
佣ڵĵ̣佣ڵƣ⴫и֮ϣʱֵ쾡£


Ҳ֪˶ãһĺ֮ݵĿУ˳Ŀ֮УȻǷ𺳡
ƽĶۣ۸ߴվ⴫иķ壬Ҳ޷壬ϼᲢ۵ġϾͷԣҪں̫ࡣ
Ȼֻơ
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Ϳһֱ֮ȷݽУһת·ȥ


423 ѡʽ
һ뿪˷嶥ݣҲһ󶴡
󶴵һ˲䣬ĸоǿռ֮ϵĶڣ΢һ֮£ʧ
佣⼸죬Ѿϰ󷨵棬ʶͷҲֻ΢пûĸоĿ⣬šصǰȺ˿ȥ
ЩƺǡصĿǡ΢һʮˡЩ˵ϣ޵ʶһӦоΪǴ쾳𡣶имȫ͸ĴڡΣˡ
ͷʱ΢һĬĿȴ΢΢佣ڵǿߣȷ١

ݵĹ۲컹ڼȻȡƵ꣬ȴǵĮĿˡֽƵֻ֮΢ĮȻ˵֮תȥ
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ڵľͬҲԵý̻ԻͣΪݵ꣬һԲ˽ȥಽϡ

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Ȼһ£˲õҪϢѡǷѡ񡭡Ǽѡ񣬱ٴһ£ǻѣؼǵλᣬʹһΡѡʽ


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Ϊпѡؼʽ˵Ǽû˵
ߵ磬Ȼǳ棡
ݳ³һ
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ݻ˫ۣиֳǵɫϢͷ΢
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ʣȻѡġˮԡƫĳһ̬ķԹЩͨЩԵ˵ġʺ
⡰ˮԾһƫ򡰺ԡģȻˡ
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һ򡭡һƷˮԹǺ漰ˮ̬֮Ĺݴ㣬Щؼȫұ飬޷ҵؼĻ˶ΣѡⱾȽƷȴ漰ˮ̬ķ
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ǣķͲͬķϵĲ㣬Ļ࡭ԺĽûкô
ʵǷݣǲϣķȴǸݵĸߵͣǿϵĶ٣ǿǳι̶ȡ
ԣܿģ֮ǻʣµһЩһʧȥûޱߵİɫռ֮С
ڡ

ݵһ̾һ壬ҲѾָ룬󣬷Ӷߣʧޱ߰ɫĿռ֮С
ûҵ
ЩʧŤͷһΨһߵһöµĹ򡭡
ֻ𣿡
ͷЩʣȴΡĿ⿴ǹ򡭡
ƷؼƷףݵ۽磬ʵЩˡ
ЩƷȴֻǵ̬ؼݻѡ
ѵûƷףˮ̬ȫķô
ҡҡͷΪΡ֣Ǳķ


425 ⾪ϲ
ˮƾƷˮԹѧ㣬쾳˹ʺˮ֮У漰ˮ֮ȫ̬ǿٶһķΪ
Ժ֮У̼両ֳΪˮƾĹơ
ԥƬ̣̾һָһҪٶȵȥ
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ʶһ٣Ťͷȥ
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⵹΢һ
ѵǷ©һţ
šԭǡˮƾָҲɵĶ
üͷ΢һ֮ݵͷ΢һ
ˢ

ΨеһŹ򣬶ʱӦˢһֹͣݵĸǰ
Ȼֹȥ򡭡
Ȼϣ󣬵ʱ̣ܲġԣҪķʲô
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Ʒףʵ̫һЩɵĵеĹͬնġ
ˮԴĵ䣬һУΪȥ
洫ӣƷ¶ûм
˵õˮԴĵ䣬ݣϾҪӭһڡ

ֻǲ֪ķôģǽɫϢ͸¶߼ķҲƷˡôƷģ
Ȼ쳣ⲻ˻Ҫһ¡
ǽɫܵϢɲô˵ġôķǴӺζչ飬иİɣ
УȻԵɡȳȥ֮ѯһҲ١
뵽ݱҲٳɣ̧ͷ
ǽ
ݵͷתһ˲䣬ԭѾ˵İɫռ֮УɫʸĹٶȴӿռ両ֶӿݡԭأЦĿǡ

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Ȼ佣֮ڣд˴ʱգԣڵģҪڡ
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̧ͷµϦȾʣ͵΢һŤͷˡص
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ļȻһȴǿȫ޷ֿͻȻƾճֻ֡Դ΢һţ֮ͬʱĸоһ㣬·أ˲ת
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426 ˮԴĵ
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ۣΧǾ޴Ĵ׿ռ䣬Ѿʧȡ֮ģǽ̻ԻͣݻޱȵġصĹ֮С
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һȴҲδɣȻĮҪʲôǽ֮ȥ˳ݸ˶Է
ȡһЩʲôؼȡ
Į߽ӹƣ˵
΢üҲûж˵ʲô˵ͷӻУȡݸĮꡭ

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ĮȻûаֱ飬·ûݵĻһ㡣ݷ·ҲϤ˶Էķ˵֮Ҳٷϻ˳ȥ


427 İ
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á
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ȻĮһԾʲô˼ȻȫŶԷԷҲȫȻûе
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ʳģǴΧɽ֮еλɽ֣ʳģȻȹ࿼ǡ
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Ͷˣ뿪ʳãֱšڸ󡱶ȥ

ݽȻѾˣ֮ͨϣͿڸ֮ƽ̨ϣѷһЩ໥ţȴһԡ
ӷ͵ƽ̨ʱ˶ǲˣĳ߿ÿ֮˶ǸϽվ
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˳񡣶Ŀ֮дżֺ棬ݿȥ
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š͵˵ͷЦЦЦʦܣЩ©
á
ݵ˵ͷһ˹ȥ
ӵߣһѶ
ȻЩֻͨĳ֮ѣΣīֽţȵȡ
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صҩϣ洫ӵȨŵӵġ
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ţǾͺáЦŵ˵ͷһֱδ˵ĵЦλʦܣҪ鷳һǰʦܽЩᵽľ֮ˡ
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ʦֿˡ
æЦ˵Ȼ󣬶ǿٵж


428 ʽţ׼
ߣȻЩǻᣬȻҪЩˡ߶ԣȴɼ򵥡ֻһϼȥѹˣǵΪЩҲǸͷ΢һЩ̫ðᣬʵȴǸо˿
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ֵҩǼΪĵҩǡį鵤Ҫʶ֮ϣ޷ʹʶ֮˵λáɢǹ˼壬ԪĽ֮¿ԷãԼһǱָһʵǡ衱ҲĵҩӵĹЧȻЧޣϾֻһƷҩˡ
ַҲǴֲڵСϰַ۹ȥǲġҲûʲô˵ˡ
һҳͣĿ⣬ϸĿȥ
صģǴǡչҡķ
ԭˡ
ϸĿһ֮¶˼ֻȻ֮ɫ


429 ơ
ؼ֮ϡҲô򵥡ֻ£ӦҲһûʲôȴЧ
ݻ뵽֮ǰ佣֮ʱ佣ڸ֮Σƴ򿪵ͨڵõ֮ʱҲһЩӡǡǽȡؼ֮Į꣬Ҳ֮ϴһЩӡǡ
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ݵĿܿɨ⡰չҡվ¶ɫ˵ͷ
⡰չҡȻʮʺϱչصڡ
ţһ̤롰չҡ
ţ
Ȼ̤ŵһ˲ȴһ֮ϣʱֳһ˿ɫ
⣬ǡ
ݵɴ۾
þ˵ȻȻ棬Ҫǿϣ
һŨ·Һһ㣬ȫȫ·Ҫë֮һ㡣
Ũ̶ȣȻ⡰չҡ֮ĵطҪǿ
Ҫ֪佣ڸǴ֮Сڵطʮϡ
Ȼ⡰չҡڵȻ֮佣ڸڵĴ󲿷ֵطҪǿϣ˵⡰չҡ֮طġʮϣ
ʲô
ݴĿܣ֮ǳ³һ
ѹ֣ѹ֡ѹ佣˶ߡԴ޷֮ߡҲʵ̫˵ȥˡ
ӦΧŨипš
֮𺳣Žȥݵ֮ϣҲֳ˾ϲɫ
֮أټƷķĽһֿݣ
뵽˴һĿ֮У¶һ˿ڴ

һʱ䣬ʼ佣ŵӵ
죬Լľ֮ר͸Ǽ鼮
С¼ʵ۽󿪵ĸом򵥵ĽһЩйĳʶװĵȼֵȵȣҩĵȼ֣½֮صļصȵȡ
Ϲħ磬ѪԨ콧ϣħƼ䡭
֣ݷ·ǽһ֮ħ֮Сħ֮ս֮սħħ֮
ҩҩ
״֪磬Ȼ˵Ĺ̶ȣԶԶĳ
󻪹ʲô󻪹ֻһƫһżСطˣϣдг꣬꣬ʮ꣬ڸʱĹɣ֯塭
УһЩǿţǹرյؾݸ̾ѡ
Ȼгʱ֮⣬ԳһʱյĴڣ
Щڱ֮Ϲħ磬ѪԨһĵطӵգնڣǾǿ߽УĿܣ
Щؾ֮УȻӵŸָѾ˵Ϲ壬Ϲޣĺ޵ȵȣ
һеһУһ۽󿪵ĸоһ̰壬⡰¼һԽԽʧš
¼ݴı仯
¼֮⣬Ǳ֮͸鼮Ҳ˲ٵĳʶȻиģ佣йء
ǰ졣
ϣеʱ䡣
Ǳ֮ҪŨġչҡ֮УݵУνһǧ
ˮԴĵ䣬ѾʼʽС
һּΪĹеĹ֮Уˮ֮ȫֱ̬仯˹·ߣǸޱȡ֮޷Ტۣ
֮и̸ľˮԴķ֮УȴΪ̸ǽתڼ䣬ԪһЩ仯ǼصһĿȻ
ݵԪҲһ˿ʱ䣡
ġԪѾšˮ֮Դķȥ
Ժ̬ӵвѷ롰ԡߵĺ⣻ԡ̬֣Ʈ֮κΡߣԡˮ̬֮Һ̬䡰ˡЧκһͨˮߡ
ңԪ仯ˣ̬ϵת䣬νԲȻû˿֮


430 ݵĽ
ǡʱ䡱
ϣҲȡشͻơ
ˮԴĵĵﱻࡣ壬Ԫ֮£Խǿ
һЩ֮ϲǵǡ塱̷֮˵ǡơһЩҩЧȻ档Ϊ˹·ߵһʶЩй·֮ϵҩˡȻ֮ϵҩЧȴûбա
ȻˮԴĵй·߼临ӣصľҲǱһһеλҩȫգݵ壬ǿ˼֡
˵ݵǿȡڲʹκԪ£ֻҲͨġ쾳ڡǿһϳ̡
䣬ľꡣһڿƺûʲôáս֮еãȴǿҪõġ

ʱ䡱ݵĹ䡱ݵĳ־
仰˵ݵľߵȼȻδʵȴѾԿȡ쾳۷塱ڣ쾳ڡĳ̶ȣҲһս
⣬ֻ֮Ч

ڶ̶ȡõĳЧһ棬Ҳо
չҡС
ݣڵ֮ϣͷоеһ鼮
Դܴ⡰չҡ֮ݳԷҪķѵʱ䣬϶ϡ
ǡչҡܵҹȻɢӨ׵ĺ⣬䶼ӳյӡ
ڽڷһľ䡣ľ֮ڣǰڷһЩЩݵȫҵ
ʯף˪صͼģ鼮ҩ
ÿһݶԣһЩֵ
⵱оĿǰ˵Ϊмֵ޷Ǿ
ף˪
佣ڵ洫У¶ûмݣ
Ǳ洫֪ⲻˣҪһɱ˶ᱦĺϷ
һݺɡɻ洫
佣ڲҲǶϵġЩ˸ɻӣ鷳Щ˱˲أͬԪһ
ԣСʻ괬Ȼܷܺġ
ֻԼݷŻᰲ
Ϊ¼֮Уصĺ
һͿԽ֮棬صļŰ˷֡
ңҲֻ֮󣬷ķӳ
ͬ˪̶ȣȻҲ㹻ġ֮УҲǲԡ
ǣ˪֮еһЩãȴ޷ʩչˡ
ı幥Ἣ֮⣬ݵĹ˵õ̫
һʹãӳһΪļӳֶӵбﱾĹ
ǣܡ
˪Ȼġ
˪ˣսףȻҲˡұ֮˪εǡ˪ٻʹãսף޷ʹá
ӤһСʹãܷܲ·浱ľɣ
佣ڿƽʵ
νδѡȻǽƣ˺ܿǰλáһȵʲôͻ¼ʱҲȫȻûл֮
ԣ⼸죬һֱо
ڡصУݵõˮԴĵԼؼһ
Ȿ飬Ϊ¼ж֪ʶܵҲΪ꾡
ȻԣܸĴڣⷽС˵УҲѧ˲ٶ
УͰ
ƣ漰ˡꡱϵʶֻСꡱΪĵϵǿߣܹһУ漰֪ʶҲΪҪģ󷨡
֮ӵãǿܣɴСݵءе󷨵áȱ󷨣ͬһʧȥֻ꣬һտǰˡ
˶ŵˣʶӵиܡ
󷨿ȻҪǶ˵ʶ֮
ʶ֮Ϊת󷨵Ķ֮У漰һӡǡ롰顱֮˵
еˣӵԼġӡǡӡǣǶһ޶޷ƵĴڡʱ򣬱ѾȷǿֻҪǻӵԼġӡǡαǿ⡰ӡǡκεı仯ң޷ơ
⡰ӡǡͬһ¶еԿסֻһԿףܹ֮ضУ󷨡
ֻСӡǡϣܹʹøñ
֮⣬е涼ӵС顱漰ꡱ֮˵Եɡ
ֻڡꡱΪ£ܹ֮ȡһЩɡ֮к󣬾󷨵ö֮ͻתΪ顱

γɵġ顱󲿷ֶ뵽˵ġʶ֮УܹΪĲݱá
֮ʶȻʧǡ顱ȻҲص֮Ϊר˵ԣԿסӡǡʧ顱ʧȥ˵֮С
ԣʧȥ˵޷ӳܵġ
Ҫģǽԭ֮ԭ˵ġӡǡĨȥԼģȡеԼʶҲˡ
ǣ⽫һΪķʱĹ̡
ֻΪԭȻڱġӡǡУȴһʶ֮Ϊֹ˶ᱦרڱ֮еķֶΡ˻ţƾһ˿ʶܸ֮żԶľ룬ҲܸӦ״̬ʵǿڻԶԴֶͨΣͼƱֱ֮ӻɱǿᡣ
Ȼԭˣûֵǡ
⣬ȻǺܺķʱġΪڱʶ֮Ȼһδαߵ֡
ûԴͷʶǿҲĹһ졣
ԣʵѹԭˣôƱһΪķʱ顣ֻһδʶֱ֮ʶ֮ȫʧܹԭ˵ġӡǡĨȥԼģ顭
ңҲзյġġʶ֮ǿȣȡȥԭ˵ʵΪ̫࣬ôпƵһ˲䣬ֱӾͱʶ֮ɱȥҲǲܡ
ʵϣ½Ͼֱ硭ĳؾ֮еõĳϹűҲ߶ʮһǿƣձϹŴܵġʶֱ֮ӻɱԩ
⣬⼸оóĽۡ


431 ƣ˪
ڣ˪ԭۣս׵Ѫֻͫ켶ǿߡȻ֮ǿϲ٣ڱ֮еʶ֮Ͼʮޡһٽݻɱǲ̫ܵġ
ԣݶһ㣬Ǻܵġ

ڵϵݣ˼ֶԺ֮лһ֮³һ̧ͶŤһ۽ӡ漴鱾Σ˹ȥ
Ⱦһ˪ɡ
֮ѡ˰˪
ǰ˪˳ٶߵ˷λá
˪ڷǰ󣬱˫ͫ
ģһ˿â˸һ˿ʶҲ
ĳһ̣ݵ˫ͫȻһ˫֮ǳɫâȻʢγһֱӣŵ֮ϵİ˪ȥֻһ˲䣬û˰˪ڣ
ݵ΢һţͷ֣Լʶ·ǽһŹֵĻɫռ֮С
Ȼвռ便ô£ļȻ֮䣬һɺȴȻԻɫռ֮У
ţ
Ӧǿݣʱɫһ䣡
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һ㱣ֻԴ͵һţֻϡһ䡱ݵʶһ㱣ۣʶѾع塭

Ȼˣ
Щɫ΢Щ԰׵Ŀǰİ˪
Ȼ֪Լ쾳ǿ߻кܴĲ࡭Ҳû뵽Ȼ֮
һѾȥۣ˪µһ˿ʶ֮Ȼһ˿ҲûУֱӱ˰˪ڲ궼ܵһЩ
ݴƬ̣һ˿Цҡҡͷû취ҲֻķӡеѰ˼ˡ
š
һ˫ۡ
δ̫ãϵĲ԰ףѾʧȡ֮ģһ㽡ĺɫ
ʶ֮ǹŹֺ嫵ʶ֮ʱ򣬵ܰٵæȻܹʹõȻֻͣ쾳׼֮ϣٶȣȴױȵĿݡݣӲõʶ֮
һͲţһ˶ˣҧгݣ˺ġ
˫ۣƬ֮һ˿ʶ

䣡ʧܣ
䣡ʧܣ
䣡ʧܣ
䣡䣡䣡䣡
ʧܣʧܣʧܣʧܣ

һһΣݵʶ˲Ȼţָּ֮ԣ˿ûзϢ˼
һδεʧܣǵûһ˿ҡǼؿڵһڶ
Ȼһ˲ʶҲ޷⣿ǻ̸ʲôǿ̸ʲô۷壿Цô
ݳĬţȻԴΪʱٶȵʹʶ֮һһδαˣȻǰ嫵ʶܣȻﵽһޣһͷͣԴ棬Ĵۡ
ݣȴ˿ûͣ뷨
һһΣͣ٣

ʱգ۹ȥһһҹ
һԣȻһʱ䣡
⣬ųǿʶָ¡
ǻκһ쾳ڵߣָǿȵĳԣֻѾʶˡݵʶǿȣҲȻоһƣԴһļʹ
ݣȻûֹͣµʶ֮һ
¼֮ԣȱ˶ԴͷʱĨű֮еӡǣõİ취ԱƢݣǿϾҲֻһ˿ﾭģ
Ȼˣʧܣڳš

ʱ䣬ţȫ˪۲ʶĶԿ֮С
ڡ
ʱŵ磬һʱ䣬ݽ˲εĳ֮󡭡
࣡ݵʶһ˰˪ڡ
䣡
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ȻһΡ
䣡
ţ
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ԭԴʱһĿ⣬Ƕʱ
ֻޱߵĻɫռ֮УһĽɫţƮ
ǣһʱİ˪ڣ۵Ĳʶ֮
տʼʱŽɫŵӰӶֱӱ
ģܿһЩӰӡ
ٽģűѾΪʱݿģ̫ͬһҫ
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񣬸ֻʣôһŹӰȥʱܻʧˡ
һʶ֮ɢǳɫĹ޷˵ģǽɫţ˹ȥ
ǹſȥƣӣȻڵҲǺɵӭ
Ȼ֮ʶ֮ŹӰȻ˪ڲĿռ֮Уչһս
ݵʶѾԷһѽѷˡ
ʱ䣬һš
սʼȻ˲Ӿ硭һͣ롣һȴһֱġ˳֮£ģŹӰԽԽԽԽ
ڡ
ࣣ
һʶľײ֮Сʶ֮ݺݵײŹӰ֮ϣڡԷȫײ˳ȥӰ˲Ϩ
Ȼһ΢ɫĽɫ㣬ȴһûݵʶ֮С
ɫռ֮УݵʶǿԻûġ
ԣһ֮󣬻ûɣʶ֮۶ɵݵ壬һζĽɫ˹ȥ
㣬ʱӳݵʶ֮С
һӰȻһҽķ
һ޷ݵĹŹַ
⡭ĪǾӡǣ
жʱ΢һкšʶ֮֮𡭡
Ȼϸ۲죬ǻҽɫĸӷȻʹϢıȥ΢һͬʱѾʧ˸һɶ
΢˴֮ȴǵ˵ͷ
Ӧþˡ¼֮Уصġ˵һﱻʱĹʶ֮ԭ˵ӡǣͻʧҽɫӷʧĳһģһ
ۣ׵Ĵʧˡ
뵽Ҳ˲ٶ
˪ѾƣؿڵһڶˣԴĺ֢ƺҲѾֳˡϽȡ˪Ϣȥ
ҵľ绹̫ͣʵ̫ұϾô̵ʱ䣬αЩ˳ɰǧϹȣο⻹һˡƢȴǲֵ
˰˪ҲָһЩǡڸоԼԴһ֮¶˿Ц


432 Ƴɹ
ȷֵá
һʶû壬Ű˪˽ȥ
˪ڲݵʶһƬɫռ䣬ҿռ伫
˲̵ʱ䣬ʶ治ͣȥ
һ·ϣݷ˲ٹŹ֮·һȴһĿռ䡣ֻһۣ¼ϵļأݱ֪ЩƶʵһĿռ䣬ʵһ󷨡
ֻǣʧȥ˶֮ϣһƬɫѾֹͣת
һ·̽ȥ㷢ʮ
ڣʮˡ
Ƭɫռͷһռ䡭
Ȼһǡ󷨣ȴһƬҡ෴֮УһɢŰ׹ȴ·ĳεĽסһ㣬ԣǵʮ֮У
ǡ飿
ݵ۾ʱ
ǰһĻ¼֮صģһģһ
˵µռ䣬Ӧ˪ĺ˰ɣ
š
һԵ󷨡Ȼ󷨣ͨԣֻһһͳЭŦһ󷨡ͨ󷨣󷨣մﵽݵĿġ
ȻӯŰɫâ󷨣Ǻˡɫռ֮Ψһɫʣ˵ȻҲʧȥ˵Ĳݣ񱻹ⱦڵġ顱ˡ
ݿƬ̣Դʹعʵеɫ΢԰һ֡
ЩԺԿڣȴҪȽ˪շ˵
뵽ͷҲЩڴ
ʱûа취ƿ쾳ߵķġȻӵ˪֮ôһбǲͬǴ쾳ߣѹѹĻҲһսˡ
ȻټѹͷѹĻȻͲǶˡ
һȥ˰Ĵ쾳ڵڰ˪ڲһ˿ʶ֮ݷѾǧ෽Ž֮ɢԴ쾳ߣ໥սǳʶʸչĻݸַ֮Ҳûеġ
һ˿˿ڴһʶû壬濿ȥ
˲䣬ǿռıԵ֮
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л¼֮ϵļء󣬻ûɵΣֲָԼü֮ϡ
⣬ȻҲڽĳ֮СʶǻûΪˣϣҲ
ԣֻʵ֮ϵĽɫâԽԽŨڰ˪Ļɫռ֮Уݵʶ֮ȴԽԽ󡭡
ڣʮΧĿռ䣬ݵĽɫâֵʱ򡭡

һͺ𣬽ţâʢֻûɵݵ壬̼䣬һתŤ˲䣬СȥϵĹâȴԽʵ
ڣâȥһöǳɫݻûɵ֮ǰλá
ݵӡǣ
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ʹڵֻЩܴЩȴ֮Դʼһֱš
ӡǣʱƶκһ˿ĸı䡭
ԣֹӶ𺳵ĸоġͨˣġӡǡܹĻǱȻĵġ
ԭʼķ𺳣
ԣݵʶҲǸпѡ
컯֮أݣԶȲġ
ûˡӡǡڶݵ֮󣬲šӡǡʼһ
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䣡
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ģǽɫ⻪ΧԽԽԽԽ󣬵ʶӦ֮еĿռ䣬˽ɫ
·һ֮أһ˲䣬һ㡭
ˡ
һƻõݳǵʮ󷨿ȥ󷨣Ѿˡ
ݵʶС
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ǰɫȻεʮ֮СȻǽɫâ֮ǰɫʱ
Ƭ֮Ҳ֪ʲô£ǽɫ˳ǵʮ󷨵ķΧ֮С
ģǰɫš·һ̣еȫʧһ㡭
ৡ
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ֻǵʮ֮Уһ˿ɫ

ɹ
ٶ˫ʱһĨϲɫУ˳
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ݵĿ⣬ӹǰ֮ϵİ˪¶Цݣֹȥ
һΣٶȽӴ˪ؿڣȴ͸¶һֲһĸо
·𡭡һδ˪ĸоһ
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֮³һ¶Цݣаϼ΢һ¡
ֻ׹Ȼһһţԭеİ˪̼䣬ѾʧӰ٣
һֹŹֵĸоʱݵͷԼұۡұ棬һůڡָо·һֻһ㡭
ĸоȻܾҵ塭ֱ˼顭
ݸпš
Ȼ漴ȴüͷü֮䣬¶˼Ρ
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뵽ݿ˽ӡ棬һսףš
֪Ѫۣ֮ͫеʶ֮˭һЩ
дżֺ档󣬱˫
еˮԴĵԪתŨʱ˷ӿ֮С


433 ϼı
ˮԴĵתɵԪǡʡǡԪҪǿ̫ࡣÿһµҲǼ࣬⡰չҡڵǱ֮佣طҪ߳ݻһֻȸԾ״̬֮£ԴʹҲ·һʱ
ʱ䣬ݵ֮У

ϼ塣
۷һԺ䣬Ųˡ
ЩˣŸ죬Ůһ㶼ȲʶޣȻӵв׵ʵ
Χ֮УŲٵķն裬һƮݵɾ֮⡣
ȻЩ˵ı飬ȴƻ⾳
һԺ֮СվȻһı飬ǳĬŭ΢Ѫ˿һɱߵѹš
ôǿ߳Ĭ鱯ߣǿʶ֮͸¶ҲΧĿռ䣬һּѹֵ״̬Χ⾳ƻ
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աաա
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ʱӰ˳
ӰĬӡһˣһϮ¡һˣһϮɫ
µģһݿʵˡڴˣȻϳˣΡ
ߵ£ͬӣҲİϣƼŵĴڡɻᣡ
λɻᣬƽعϵºЦݣѾʧȡ֮ģһƬŨŨĳơε֮£¶һı⣬ԼŨɱ
ԭȴԺеһˣæվΡ
ʦ֣СʦΣ
߽һĿ࣬ɢŨɷӣѾһ鼱ٵĿѯ˳
󣬶Χ˶ǿɻᣬǵɫ֮ҲܿǣҲڵȴ𰸡
΢һȴĬĵͷ
ɻʦ֣ΰ
˼ε飬ɫʱѿĿ⣬ֱӿһԵɻᡭ
ɻῴһˣֿһԵΡ
̾һҡҡͷƼΪأûȬĿܡʶɱ¾֣֮ͬأʶȫԡҲ޷ʩչ¡
˵ɻ۽ǿһԳĬͷΣҲ̾һҡҡͷ˵
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ѯ֮ˣǾһĿ֮УѪɫâʱǣɱ⣡
ϣϡɱ㣬ҾĲΪˣĲΪ˰
ʱ֮˵Ŀ籡˳ǿҵɱ֮⣬һ˲ϯԺ䡣
һ֮󣬴˻ȻתһΣҪȥ
Ҿ
һֱĬͷΣͻȻ̧ͷһǿ֮ˡҾѾ嶯׼жʱһֱӺ˳
ҾԭҪζȥεĺʱһ٣͵ŤͷΣ֮гӯѪɫʲôСʦñ˳ģѵôˣ
ʶ֮Ĳš
侲㣡
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Ҿ˵꣬ĿֱֱĿΡ
Ȼ죬˵һȥȻȴѡ˳Ĭ
ȭͷȴ˵
ҾƬ̣ȴַֻӦжʱ¶ʧȻ漴ǼȴԽļ
Ҿҧأ͵ĺȵã㲻ȥҾȴҪȥҪ֪Сʦãģ
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Ҿ
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Ҿ߱λҪʮ๫֣Ǳŭ֮¡ΣȴһѹȸС
Ȼȴҡҡͷ侲㣬嶯⡣
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Σʦ֡ߣһνʦ֣СʦϹۣȻųϣԪҾȴǲ£ɱϣҾĲݣ㣬ǲã
Ҿ˫ͨ죬Ρ
ȻȴҡҡͷҲȥ
㣡
Ҿԣ˫֮ͫɱʢһʶʱǿޱȵѹȸУʱʹ֡
ʦ֣侲㡣ѵҪʹ߿֮𣿡
ڴʱһȴͻȻâһֻҾεм䣬һɫȹŮӡŮӿҾֱӺȵ
΢ÿСʦöԴһһ⣬µͷųȻСʦñҲûУζԵСʦãζԵʦ𣿣գұͺĽѵѵΪСʦóڶֻСʦõ˵ظ֮УҲĿ΢ÿ
ҾǼ˫ͫ΢޴ط·һɫâѾϸӣ׼ˡ
ȻҾıŭȴԵЩĬһԲվԭأ΢ͷʶı顣ϲδκεʶȻ֡
ʦ֣˵ʲôʹ࣬˭ܱȵĹʦཻ֣ô꣬ʦǲų㻹׼ȥȻĵ㲻Ҫô嶯òã
΢ü΢ѹŵüͷżֲá
ʲôҾϴһʲôֻ֪Сʦñ۸ˣұҪɱˣҲܣҲܣ΢ÿҺѵһų򣡡
ȻҾѾȫʧأ΢Ļûյ˿Ч˫ͫϵĽɫԽǿʧء
΢ɴ۾ǰѾȫʧصҾ
СʦõͻȻ£ΪԷѵʵҲǼΪܡҲҪΪԷ
ǿƵȴ֪ܡڲܡ
ԣؿǿѹһ֮
ȻҾȴǲŲʣ˼ƾһŭ𣬱׼ҪΪԴʦ˶򻹲֪ڸġؿڵһŭѾⷬ
Ҿ嶷ţģ΢оԼؿڵŭѾԽԽʢˡ
뵽Ŀǰľƣҧǿѹסؿڵŭһĵʦ֣侲һ£ʦ˵ȥĵƽϺ𣿡


434 ƣ
ʲôʲôģųǺϸԪ£Ҿȴǲ£һˣСʦϹۣų򣡡
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Ѿʧ˵ҾͻȻôһȣҲһ¡
Ȼ漴ĿȴͻȻһϣ΢˵ʲô
Ȼʧصģ΢
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΢һ˫֮УҲǷһ˿ѪɫҾĺ˳ģڱ֮ǰҾȥҪӵıŭ
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ҾҲ΢˳
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΢һҾȫĴԭء
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ԭѾ뵽һģҧأȭͷͷû뵽ģҲһǵɴ۾֮¶˷ŭ֮ɫ
ԪƷ֮λ˶֪ġȻǰЩСڰнеġȻʦ壬ԷȨգͿʼ
Ժ䣬һƬž֮УΨ΢ŭĺš
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һ磬ͻȻãҶֱ꣬Ӵӳȵ֮ɻ᷽֪ʲô顭
ԭһСʦãΪҶһСһʦãͬʱҲεˡ
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ȻգɻټҶʱ򣬼ǰ֮ˣҶ
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ԭνôı𼱻ǵĽһҶ
ɻȻҵæ
Ȼһ֮ɻᣬҲһ
Ҷ弸ȫƻҪָǵõ׹Ǽĵҩ򼸺̫ܣֵҩ󻪹Ҳֻ᪻ӵУɻᣬȴûеġ
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ԭǰЩʱգҶ뿪佣ڣڡȻڽһ磬ŵһŵӣȴͻȻϼ壬Ҷ˵Ϣ
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ŵҲΪ𾪣Ȼ󣬴Ҷֱߵһƣȷ˶ԷݡϽǸϵϼ壬ͨϢԣҲǲҶˣġ
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ôͻȻ֣
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ȻʱȴͻȻ¶һ˶ŭ쳣ı顭
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435 ̫һӢ
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ʱǾǴ󲻾·ϣԪԶ֣ŵִӣҪִŹ桭
ִӵεˣӵĻᶼûУ
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ɻ³һаţĿ⿴ΣУȴΪԷǡ
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ƷҩҾ꣬ĹЧ󣬱Ϳ֪һ󡣼֪᪻УҪõǱȻҲǧѡ
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ʱ䣬˵Ȼڶ԰ʱ߶ԣȴʵ̫һЩ
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У㲻ȥ
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λ΢һͷȴı顣
ҾȻε֮Ҳ¶˼Ȼȴһȥʦִ֣֮֡ڣұȻ̫һӢ񵤴ڡ˵֮ϣֳһ˿㡣
û˻ỳľġʵϣҶĹϵϼԲܣҾҶ˼ϼ壬ͬҲܣ
ҾΪҶԸκˣ
ԣ㶼һã˵ͷ̧ͷҾ
иˡ
˵šȻȴǰδеį
һ롭ԼİŮ˵ȴҪиһԶӡ´ԼʦܣǸлеܣ
Ȼûа취Ҿԡϼ壬Ҫһִ֡Լһ뿪ԪȻ⡭
Ľиͬʦֵܣƣݺɱ
Ϊϼʦ֣β鷢ԡΨдӦ


436 սף䣡
һԵ΢εįԥһ֮һʦһȥ
Ŀһ΢
΢¶ЦݣεʼҾʦȥȻĵĺܡˡ˵ţҡҡͷ
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΢һЦΧķΧ·Ҳ˲ⶳ˲٣ҶһҲôѹ֡
ҲǿЦЦˣͽˡ
ʦַİɣСʦáһûµġ
˵Сʦã΢Ҳɿӹһ˿ȻһЦ
ε˵ͷתȴǳŲԶķȥͬʱ˵Ҷɢ˰ɣûԪƣȻưոݡʱ䣬ҾҪжڽ֮¡
˵εӹһ˿â
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˵ţɻ˵ͷɻ⣬󣬳Ƿȥ
Ժ֮ˣһۣ㶼˵ͷ׷׵һ֮кԼûģҲȺ±֮ϵͨȥʱһʧ˸ɸɾ

ϼɽ۵ġϼڡ
ϼݻĹһ֮ݺύʵһЩģҲ߲ȥ
Ǵһݻλ֮ϣһӣȴϡ
Įһ˫͸¶·𲻴һĮȻ£һִȣ¶飬Į
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һߣٶȻص˴֮ϡ죬ò

ⷢϼϵһĻȻǺ֪顣ڡչҡ֮УԼС
ˮԴĵȻѵһĸ߽׹˼ĹѾݵʵõ˳Ľǲ֮ԪԣݣѾͨƷķġ쾳ڡߣ֮󣬿νֲ
ԼҲ˿û뵽⡰չҡ֮УǵԼˮԴĵ䣬ȻܴﵽЧ
ĽȣҪﵽ쾳۷塱֮Ԥڵĸʮϣ
ԼĪ֮ڣ
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쾳۷塱ֻһʼѡģǸϽͻ쾳ıϣ󣬽쾳
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ϰ˪Ĺ׵ķս쾳ߣҲûһս֮
ԣѾ׼ҪսףҲˡ
ֻܰġԼҲһıϡ

չҡһİ
ݣȻƽʱڵλá
չҡŽգȻĿȴȻʣ˿ƣǼΪ档Ѿϰ佣֮ڼЩ߸ʶ顣ԣһ㣬̾𺳡
ǴӡѪͫϵõսףݵС¶
սͬӤһϸСԼĪֻһʮ̵ֳӡ΢ʵȴΪݵǷɻ󣬾ôһսףܷǴ쾳ߵĹ
ڣҪǿߵĹһ˼ϾǵϵǿߣƵĴڣ
սͨںɫϸӵķģȥض˹
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۲ֵܵסοѪͫģ
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׷˵ϣϥ˸ǰ
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ԱȲ쾳ݡԷǾްһĴڡһʼҪ˲ͱⱦ֮ڵġ
ԣ˼׼
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ȻڴʱһɺƵʶ֮û˿׵ģͻȻޱߺڰ֮г˳
ʶ֮֮ǿᣬֱ˼ֵֻһ˲䣬ݵʶ˲Ĳڣʶһ˲䣬첨ˣ


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Ȼڱ֮еġӡǡԭ˵ġԣܹݣܲݵĳ̶ȣҲǼޣ޷ȫݡ
֮ԭ˲һԣôҲͬʧȥһĵǣڱڲӡ֮ԭ˵ʶ֮Уԣһ˵õֱһƣʱǣ֮£ͻᾪԭˣ
ͬģ֮ڵһʱǷӦ⡰սסԭ˵ԵɣҲΪǡ¼֮УͬҲмء
ʧȥ֮󣬡ӡǡȱ۲ݣʶֻҪӦ֣ǻԷķԡӡǡ֮еĲһ˿ʶԷ֮
ȻԭˣôеġӡǡǻĳĸӦﵽԭ˵ʶ֮Сڱ֮еġӡǡڵһʱĴߡԣмΪݵһƽʱ䡭
һν⡰սסĿռ䣬Ҳ˱˲׼ȴڽ֮󣬾ȻǷƽ˾ʣⶨȻΪеġӡǡΪ˵Ĵڣʶ޷ߵԵɵģ
ʵû뵽ԡѪͫеսףȻ֮ǡѪͫս׵ˣ

ݵԺ֮һӹЩͷʱǿеѪɫ뵣ʱҲ˾˵ı仯
ƶѪ
һѪɫ뵣ĻѪһ˿ȴֺƵȴǺ׵ĳ֣
ĺ͵ĻۣѪɫԽŨ˵Ѫ顣ͽȻŹ⻪
ĿĹ⻪ʶõ۾ҲǲĿӣɵ͵ƫͷȥøӦǺâ΢֮ٶȻȻŤͷ̧ͷȥ
ǰģһƻûɵΣ
һߣ
һͷɳʣĿΡ룬ݲϣȻһ˫˫֮ͫϢȴǣ
𺳵ǡԷͷȻǳɫͬѪҺһɺ죡

ƣȻǱóһ෢ߵģ
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һŭߣһף˲ݡݻȻʶûɵ壬Ȼһ·𼴽ɢһ㡣
ţһϢȴӿûɵ壡ݻһȻ䣬һ֮һҪʶҲһ㣡
ȻţȴǿԭѾ΢͸Ҫɢ壬Ȼ˲ȹδ֮ʧ
ȻȵϢȴ׹һĸоʵ֮Уڡչҡڵ壬һ˲䣬亹ֱ
Ϸ䲢һĶʸѯʵģ㾹ȻıɱϷ򰮽ҶϷսסͳһ㣬ϷҲҪ߿㼸ۡ
෢ĿգݵݣȻ˵š߿ۣ˫֮ͫĿ֮ȴѷ֣һ˿벻м
Ҳ޷ϷţԨߣأʦӦҲŹİɣ
෢Ŀһ˵
Ԩߣ
ݵĿʱһһ
Ժ֮УȴɵĻ͸һΪ¼֮еһЩء
ǡ¼֮мһЩĳʶͬҲһЩڴ󻪹ڼʢĴڡǡԨߡǰ
кν֮ڤɽ֮䣬֪жжϣߣν֮ԨԺšߡдܣ
ܣ佣бд⡰¼֮ˣҲ֮ΪСܡǿ֮
ͷԵġϡȻͷ
ݵɴ۾
ԨȻǿ֮ϵľɫЦһȴһ˵СϷҲԣֻһ䣬ͼУ
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ԣٰһ֣ȴһҧĿ䡣
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֪Ԩһ˫üһ壬һã㲻˵Ҳûϵֱ꣬ϷȻܵõϷҪĶ෢߸ݣĿ޿ˡҴϷжʳǱҪܵľ򡣵ϷõҪĶͽ㳢ʲôó㱳ʦ𡭡ߣ
һĺΧǵصĺƣʱϯȥֻ˲䣬ǽ
ݣһ˿ֵҲûУֻһϢ˲ʶ֮УȻһţȴ׹ޱߵĺڰ֮С

չҡУصѾû˿Ĺ߲˫ĿȻԲɣȻǿն֮ȴҲܿѾʧȥʶ亹ϣ鿴ȥż
廹ֱֱģҲҪΪѾһʬˡ
ǰһսסڵ֮ϡ
չҡһƬ
ļȻһ˿⣬ȴͻسⱻΧҹӳճͰɫġչҡ֮С
⣬Ǵǰս֮ɢ
Ǻֻһ˿ȻģȴԽԽԽԽŨ
ļȻһᣡ
սףȻ
̼䣬һŨĺɫ뵣ս֮Уɢ˳
ѪɫâͬѪһճɺ죬һ˿˵ɱ¾֮У
ǺɫԽŨѪɫŨΧĿռ䣬ҲǱŨѪɫӳճѪɫ
սףѪƵð֮УƯƮݵüͬߵλ֮ʱļȻͣ١
󡭡
һѪâͽȻս֮Уһͻ˲䣬ݵüģ
ʧȥʶ壬Ȼ͵һһ˫ն˲䣬һ˿Ѫɫʱƣһ˿ѪɫȻǳܣɢ˿


438 Ԩ
ݵġʶ
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Ȼݵʶ֮УȴǷıš죬ݣ·ĳִ棬ıһ㣡
ļȻâ˲ʢֻǽɫʶ֮Уһ޴ޱȵĽɫȴͻȻ˳һɺƵƾճ֣
ɫһ֣ǷԾƿһգƺҪȥ
Ȼʱ򡭡
һգɫֵһ˲ȻҲͬʱʶϿĳһ
һ˿ɺâ̽˳ţһɺƵһͽȻ
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ݵʶС

߳Ԩ̤յͬʱڲ֪˶ĳһ֮С
Ͼƹ㣬ϾҪһˣĶбٲЩɾҪһˣ
һĪĿռ䣬ռһƬڣȴǹޱߡռ֮УȻ壡ЩдСƾڿУڻתš
Щġػܡ湻ĵģִѲ
ŭֻռ֮УΣޱߵĺڰ֮мٷС
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ֻ΢һЩһΣ͵ĳһӻʱһÿռ䶼ѿ˵̼ǻ󣬺ݺݵĻһǧ֮һΪӴĻӰдʵ˳
Щػܣ쾳ƶɣǿ죬쾳쾳Ҳ֡
ǰǵЦһ˵

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ŷڿ壬ӰһˣһĵɮˡһȴһģŹֵͷΪصǡ䣬һ޴ޱȵɫ«

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Ƕȡͼ֮УҪȥġκħؾڼȻīԶһһأҲҪķѽյ·̡ǸʱֻħؾѾرա
Ȩһ֮ѡħؾϾͼȻ۵ͳеĵͼԿס˵ϾֻǴ˵֮ȣŷֵħؾܹõıءȽϣֵܵȽҪһЩ
ԣֻѪͫͷԼͷǰȻǿ֮ˣħؾıȴҲǲܷµġϾ¿ؾԽ࣬ռݵҲԽȻܷŹ
ңҲƾѪͫ˵ʵȡͼӦֵġ
Щÿһսסһ棬Բһһ棬ȴҲල֮áͼԼ£ҲȫġʩչһЩֶΣΰȥᱦһᱦ֮Щһȴˡɵˡ
ʵϣʵ֤īҳһϸ˶ڵˣīұ᪻ŷֹ֮ܵһȷϯīңͼᵽ֡
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óԨ߲Ȼŭÿ\ʼסļһɱȥǣӵСطȴǴЩ˵֮УõҪĴ𰸡
ͷĸơ\ʼסģǶˡǳս֮Уõļսסǳɱ¾֮вδѰʵҲΪ¶ɻѡ


439 ֮˵
ļսףǱڵ˵õˡ
ʱ뿪սҪȥǧѵļϣʹǼսסõһҲǽǼ֮һǵĿ꣬һǶȡǧѣһ棬ȴҲǽǡ
֮ǧĪʧȥһսļսףȴǱƽĴ˸Ե
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ҪƷˣʵжǿҲͿˡǣȻǳԨߵĶ֡
ԣǵ֮УԨߵõҪϢͬʱֻ΢һ룬ܲ²⵽ɱѪͫˣȻնȡͼ֮ˣ
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⣬Ҳһʼ˵һ䡰ϷࡱԵɡ
һ쾳ڵܹõطôȻԷǻǿߵġ
ԨȻ뵽һ㣬ʮ⡣ϾǴ󻪹佣ڵġ¼֮ǱעСܡĴڣֺ¹˭
ղǽɫһսȴƽ
һȻǶԷµġʵ֮ǿ֮ҲǺѷɫȻͬô˭
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֮Ͽĺܡ
ͨԣһǿߣҪƷһʼҪȽһϵеࡣһ棬Լķǿ󣬶һ棬ʵҲһӡ
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飬֮ȻǲԨߣΪ󻪹Ĵ֮һЩȻǶˡ
Žǡ飬ֻӦѾӦ˰ɣҵҪЩŪͼȷλ
뵽Ԩһ
Դӵ壬Ԩ߲ûжġǡһս֮ȴҲ֪ǵǿڣǲܵõġ
ǵòҲὫ֮ȥ츳ʵЩˡ
뵽Ԩٲɣĵӹôһ˿ɱ֮ͷһһȦƣʱǳſǱչԼ̶ġ֮𡱶ȥ
еġطΪڤ¼Ϲʱһط棬ܾˡ֮֮УֱȡԼҪϢʵ쳣
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ֻĲٿ֮£ƶʱת̼䣬Ѿӿչ뺮̶ߣ󣬼ѹ£
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ںư֮һɲǣݿɲݵʶʱǴµʶ֮һŽâʱǳѪɫ֮ϣŬҪ֮⡣
ԨĿһֻ΢һӦʱǲʶ֮ǰһͬһϣȴԶԶ
Уʱ˼ֲ²⡣
˵Ļͼ֮£Ǳ֮ˣǲ֪ˣ
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Ѫɫ뵰˶Է֮ͬʱһ˵ĺ⣬вͣĴȴóԨ߸еһЩ
˶ˮ֮Դ֮еؼΪˮ֮еһ֣ȻСˮ߶ԣá
ϧԨǻߣĻѾ֮ȥ
ˮ˻𣬹ʶ˶ڳԨ߶ԣȴǿǣ֮
ߣҲţϷѹ
Ԩ߳üһһ֣Ȼһѹ


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Ԩߵݶʱһ䣬û뵽ͷȻ˵־Ͷ֣һҲ
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ʱ򣬹Źͷŵٶ𣬶ֻһâĽâ˲䣬Ǵ˳Ԩߵüģ

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ʶ֮УǴĽɫ飬ڻת֮УʼһΣ
ڵľɫҺһԪ֮ҲʼӿͣĻ㼯ǳǳɫľ֮СģǾ״ԪԽĴɫҲԽԽ
һУǴҪġҪǡ
һ̣ڤڤ֮У·һĪǿ嫵ͻȻͷ֡һױȵǣ֮ͻȻ֡˲䣬ǽݵ꣬һ
֮䣬ͻȻоһᣬֻġ࣡һ죬·ͷ֮ĳͻȻѿһ㡣漴һԾ
Ȼ֮䣬ݷ·ǿԼ塣󡭡
ٶȻӿ죬ݵǰͻȻһССĺڵ㡣Ȼ󡭡ٲɽ壬ɽء
ݵɴ۾ͻȻ֣꣬ƺ뿪塣󣬷ɿģ˸߿֮У
عʱµľ£ѾҲ޷ߣȡ֮ģһƬã
ݵͷ˼ɻ󡭡
Ҫȥʲôط
ݲҲҡΪȻ֮䣬Ҳܸоԣƺǻ¡ǹƵޱߣ޴ӵƺݱʲô˺
ԣݵɻ֮ͷӿһ˿ڴ
ȥʲôطأݰĵĵȴû˿ǣꡭ
Ʋ㼫Ϊʵ֪궯˶á
ڡ
䣡
Ʋһ꿪ֻ֮أļȻһᣡ
ӻȻ֮лع֮ʶ̧ͷȥֻһۣݵζʱһҲŲ
ǿգޱ貣ǿգ


445 ɱ䣡ݻ
ݴӲǿաī֮УһſŷǣΪҫ۵ıʯǶڵīһ㣬ɢһ
·𡭡·һƲ֮󣬱ǽ뵽һʱգ
𺳵ĿδǿգͻȻٶ΢һһͻȻͷ
ѵǡ
һ
죡֮еĵڶ졪죡
һϲɫҲ̲ס֮У¶˳
֮˵˽֪
ġ֮ȴֻ̤֮ߣŻ֪
Ȼжǽһ죿
ǰҲ֪Ȼ貵ǿ֮ƺȻ򡭡
ݴĿͷ֮貵ǿաȻ֮䣬ԭֹյǳͻȻƶͻȻ͵һۣأȻһƬڰ
ͻı仯΢һȻֻƬ֮ͻȻޱߺڰ֮УһȴͻȻ֣ӳݵ
ʶĽĿ⼯һ֮ϡ
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䣡
һ·ԴԶţ˺ƺƵ֪ʱ䳤Ӷľ޴ը֮ͻȻ𡭡
֮֮Ƶ֮Ƴ֮嫡ֱ޷κһʻ֮ı
֮ǰκεһУ·𶼲ڡӵС
һִһƵ֮ǰֻ꣬Ҫһ˿Ҫ̼䣬ɢ
𺳣𺳣𺳣
޷ݵ𺳣
Ŀ⣬һ֮ϡ
ǴһƵ֮ĵط
һѾʧӰ١ȡ֮ģ㣬ɢ֮ȴ·̺Ļǡ
󡭡һ͸취ݻʼˣ
ݵʶȫһĪ֮УҲ޷԰Σ
һɱ䣡
ÿһͻԭƷףһ֮󣬶ؾһɱ䣡
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ͷǿգݻģ޵еḶ́
֪ԴһδըȻǾǶǰ飿ꣿʮꣿꣿǧꣿꣿꣿߣΪԶ
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Դ֮ͼ޲Ȼ
ֱȶԶΪҪһĻߵĳһ־޴󣿶ڹĦݻ֮У򵽵ķָһǿ
ԣ֮һģȵһҪǿࡣԵɣ漰ķ֮׸֮⣬ҪģǶһ
ݱھ߶ԣΪҪģȻɱ䣡
Ȼ֮УطԽߵ꣬ǿתߵʶ֮£֮ȻԽ͸롭
̣ͬˣʱ䣬Ҳͬ
⣬߱йء
ʺõģԽ࣬̽ԽͣʱȻԽһļ٣̽Ĳ룬ͣʱȻԽ̡
Ȼͬͬһ죬ȻҲǳǿһЩģֻǱ֮һǿһˡǿģƾ֮ԶԿʮͬ򲻹⣬ȻҲǹ̶ֵ
ԣͨԣÿһɱ֮ʱͣӦ֮еʱԽԽõĺôȻҲԽ
Ҫֻ֪еһؿʱ֮Żή·֮ɵ֮ʱ䣬·ġֱӱ¶ھ֮һľأֱӹĦȻݱ֮Ļ֮ѵá󡭡
ݵʶԣ⾳֮Уͣ೤ʱأ

ʱ䣬Ϣš
ݱչͻƵ飬񣬻û˷ʵϣȻ˷Ҳ⡣
佣ڣơ쾳ϵĵӣռʮ֮˾šһ쾳ȥչͻƱϣǺôʲôģͻ񣬶佣ڶԣʲôӰ졣
ݸ½ţ佣ڣ֪ˣҲˡϵõģҪΡ
Թ˲Ͼʱȥע˵ɻᣬǿεϷţĹעȲ͡͡ΪŵӣԼеʱ䶼޲ٶʮʮ꣬㹻ʱͻƵأӶ洫Сʱʱʱ̿ȥעݵȥ
ԣٲ֮£µʱ֮ڣû֪ȥ򡭡˵Ͳ֪Ѿڳϡ
佣ڵĹƻǼΪɢġȻÿһְأΪɻţɻעΣǼΪĵġԳһְˣǲδ
ڷְڼ䣬佣ڵŵȥ˶ʡϾҪ뿪ţͱĸڳȥĸʱʱ̶̿˰أȻƾ뿪֮С
Ը⣬ȫ԰Ÿ㰲ŵľɽ֮УѰҿԼĶֻҪ˼û˻ܶʡ
ԣʱ䣬־֮£ȻšݣȻȵٲ֮£֪

ʮ֮󡭡
ȣٲɫ뵡
һʡ
ҹ
䣡
ĳһ̣ͻȻһ޴ٲֱ֮Ӵ˲䣬ҹ
Ȼ֮䣬ֻٲһ˲䣬·һ˲ͣ١š
ݡ
һҵƿ֮һĨڹ⣬Яһǿķ򲨶֮ȻײǿҵϢƣٲˮֱӷֳ룡˲Ϣ֮ͻٲٲϿգ
ڹһȻֹһӰֹУ
һһɢ˵ĺȴԵΪӶصĺɫս׵ˡ
˫ͫգɢһŨķ򲨶֮عȵս֮ϣɢһİĹ󡭡
֮󡭡

һƳ̾Ϣ֮ˣ˫
һֱ̽ľâ˵֮д궼̲סսĿ⣬Ƭ֮ûڵͫҲ˿
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ã³һ
ݱ䡭ʲôأ
֮
ˣǱչͻƵݡ


446 
񣬴Ǳ֮֮ǰǿʮֹķ֮ԿѾĽﵽ֮ڶľ硪쾳ڡ
ȴ¶˳֮ɫɻģǵǡ족֮˳֮ɻ
ؼ¼ǰݱḶ́ȻЩƬΣȴǷֱˡ족֮СԽϣƬԽ࣬ҲԽ⣬Ҳ켶Խߣ֮ԽΪԵɡ
Ӵģֻһ֮ʼˡȻ򣬵ҲֻһˡϾҲҪʱƵġ
ɻҲġ
ƾȻ޷ĦһʶڳƬ֮ҡҡͷԺ֮еʱͷ
ĿǰĲζԣҪһרǡݱ䡱ʵЩ̫ңԶЩ
ʵڵġ
ԣݵͷԼ֡΢šȭһɱ֮֮ǰǿƽȫ
ݣ¶Цݡ
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Ʒķ뾫ȡȻֻ쾳ڡ۱ѾƷķġ쾳ڡҵᲢˡ
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ǹ֮еȷǿʶϧȴҹСԡ
ݣ롰쾳ڡ޼ʶȻֻǡ쾳ڡȻսȴֱ조쾳ڡ
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֮⣬ֻͷһ׷Χ֮ڣд쾳伶
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뵽ǡݵɫ΢һ£¶ڴ
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ȴЩ̫ˡ֮ԼʵΪǼöڵҲóˡ
ݲ֮еöڵһöҪѪͫģһöȴΪصŮӵڵ
ڵֱȻҲЧȴչ黹Ҫ˷Ѳ١ֻн֮ƳɵҩܽЧ󻯡ȴδȥء
뵽ݲǴ˵ΪƷ¯а˰һʮǹ佣ڵƵҩõġ
ʱҲˣȴδȥ
ȻᵽÿӶҪһĵҩĹΡɻĹϵһǵʱ͵ҲδԾĽϽɵĹθˡȻŸ֪ݡ
ȻݵʱѾͻˡ쾳۷塱ϾҪչءͻ֮ΪУǵ֮ʶҲɻϣ͵Ҳû˵ʲôԽļµĹΣɵġԣݻδʹùǡ¯
ϸ˵Ժ֮зḻ֪ʶʵһζûء
뵽ݵҲмָм͡Ϊ˵ԼûʱʱͲδʲôϱͱʾûʲôˡ
Ȼ֪ǿɻϣϾݳ˵ġԣݶ͵ҲмֺøСպʲôôҲԷһЩġ
뵽ݱҲڶʲôȻϲȴ˶ԼĲ
ݺ飬ɻҪ洫ӵУܹȥء
ʰһԼ飬ҿ˿֮󡣱һ·һΣʱһںڹһûֱڷ˳ȥ
ٶ֮죬ţ

ݱչ֮ǳ岻ԶȴҲнٹƽʱʹõ粽Ҳúķݽʱʱ䣬ܷء
Ȼڡ\ʼסļӳ֮£ֻ˲һ̣Ѿص˳֮ǰ
Ѿҹʱ֣ȴȻвˡ
ڳǰԶһľ֮УĿɨȷ֮
һУ򲻵ѣݲǰҪвɱ¾ֶΣҪӭˡ
ΣϵսȻջڣҿ˿󣬱ǳųȥ

һ·ϵλڰɽƽ̨֮ϣҲ˲ˡѾڴ쾳Ⱥ֮У쾳ǰۡȻҲйӿۣҲûʲôע⡣
λʦϣӽ룬뿪
ȻߵְصĽһϷؿʱȴǱ
佣ȻѾĸ£󲿷ʱ䶼˽ʶȴǲࡣǰ֮һλʶȻҪˡ
λʦ֣ǳĵӣҵơ
Цһ£ͳԼơ
Ŷ
Ȼ΢һ¡ӹݵơ
һ֮ǵŻȻһ£󲻺˼ЦǺǣԭʦ֡롣
ʵʱ䣬ĵˡϲδʱʾ
ԣ佣ڣΪݸߵ͵ġ
ӵΪΪ൱Ҳǡ쾳ڡȻݶǻơʦ֡һò
üҲû˵ʲôЦЦ֮󣬽ӹԷݻصƣǳɽȥˡ
ӣպҪЩ˽佣ڣҪʱ仹ͦġЩ飬ҲҪ˰æС
ɽԵ֮ͨϣҹȴ㡣


447 
佣ȻҪʱġ٣ܹͼ֮ǰһҪ佣ڡΪûбȫĵط
ҪڶʱٵԼʵԴǱزٵġһЩѣûʲôġϾѣҲԴһ֡
ݵһƻ֮УԴҪԻ͡
²㣬δ̫ʱ䣬ݾͻصԼľ
ܾɣǰ뿪֮ʱδ˿ı仯
ҿ˿ݵָ΢

һȣһָʱû֮ǰĽ֮С
һ΢˸ʧ١ǽ磬Ȼ򿪡
Ȼ쾳Էʹã࡭
һ򿪽ļ򵥡ãʱݲ֮ǰĲͬ
ԷתΪΪӦ֣ĵ˵ͷ
ݻԷľȻ󡭡ֻתȻ࣬վû־ĸоù̡̹
Ӧһ֮ȴеһ˿ʡ
ʶǷ֮Ǵͺһֻʮˣ˲ӵ˿ٽһʱӦ
ԣҪһ̣һ²С
ţݲֱͣӲ˾֮ڡ
֮УҲδʲô仯һУ뿪֮ʱһӣʱ䣬û
佣ڵľн󷨱ǣʵǿƿЩ󷨽ġɻЩ뵽ϵ洫ӣƳŵӾ֮󷨵ġ
ԣвٵ洫ŵӣڡ֮ϵľ֮⣬ڸ֮ڣһԼٵؾ֮ء
Ͼ˭ûһܣ˭Ը⽫Լҷһʱпܻ˽ĵط
˵Щ˵һԵֵ켶ϵǿǿн롣ѡĶ֮أǱȻʮءٲ֮˺ܼ򵥾ҵ
ݶԴҲţʵҲЩ뷨ֻǰЩʱռԼҲżȻҲǲܸжˡ
˼ţǿ˿ңֱӳšչҡȥ
롰չҡ֮ݾߵһлɫ֮ǰȥ
ţͨʵȴһƽƷı
һһƷޡǧϡ֮˿֯ɣʵȴԡУһЩ򵥵ġ󷨡У԰°빦˵ļħֵĿԡ
ҪǷ׽磬ǾǸ嶼ἫΪĶ֮Ȼ佣ڣҲΪѵ֮
֮Իǻ֮ǰɻġ
˵ȴ㲻ʲô֮ֻչ壬ʱʱ̶ܱ֤̿ľƽȡ
ɻȴҲþܾǳ˶Էһ顣
֮ϣȴ΢ü˼
ǼΪϸ飬ʶ뷨֮޷ƵΪĵزȴҪۿۡţҲãйһɡ
һ֮¾һ񣬱˫ۡ
̾磬ҲһķʱյĹҪƿЩͻȻݣҲҪһڲС
ʱһɫâǴ

תۼ䣬һµʱ䣬Ȼ
磬ʱţʵûʲôġϾߵط쾳ˣҲнͻƵ쾳ģѾﵽ£꣬Ǽʮꡢϰ꣬Ƕԣû̫
һµʱ䣬Ҳһĳŵһ
ŵʱţеʱСżϾ߶߶ΧŵӣҲʼ˽
һҲʶ˲پסڸŵӡ
ΪƽʱΪΪƽ֮ͣɻƼţŵȻҲǲദ֮䣬ҲԵһǢ

һգʱ֣˵ڵգϣΪ
ݰһҡΣԼҾǰƽ̨֮ϡҡϣԡ⣬ɽ磬ۿһɾһȴһ˵ܡ
ݵǲĹѾһ䣬ʱ΢һ¡һȴҪ׼ˡ
йˣݻóﻮﻮϾöҲô򵥵ġ
ҪһЩľ飬֤ܸĽַС󡭡Ҫ׼ĸҩˡ
Щҩ˵Ҳ㲻ʲô֮ĵλҪŪȴҲҪһЩֽšЩȴҪııС
֮ҪۻһЩ顣Ȼ󡭡
ҡ֮ϣҡҡΣ΢ȴǰš
ʦܡ
ȻʱһȴͻȻ𣬶ʱݵ㡣΢һ̧ۿȥ
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ƽ̨ɽ֮ͨϣһӰӡݵһ֮ϳˣ֮Ҳ¶Цݡ
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һݿʼŵˣʱʶġ
ȻݿȴҲֻǷ֮Ҳ·˵һкˣԷãǵһΡ
վΣ¶Цݵʲô磬ǽʦָ˰
Ŷȥȡٺ·˳ʦܡˣû
˼֮䣬Ѿڵƽ̨֮ϣҹΣ߿˵
ٺ
ôԣȴǴһ¡ʱ𡭡ǣÿ·֮ϵŵȡٺ֮ء
ţ㲻֪
΢һıУȴ˴һ¡
üҲûڣ˼һЦʦֲ˵Сܻǲء
ʵ˵ҲһһΣ֮ļһֱڱչУ⼸µٺҲһֱûȡȻҲˡ
һݵı飬ȴǽסһۣҲ
ٺκһŵӶԣǿǶΪΪҪĶϾУɾָء˭ҪĶȡӣ
ݣȻ˵ˣ
˺Щ
ɻʦţԷϵȻáɻʦΪ洫֮У֮Ϊ֮ݣܵչ˰ɣǵҵ˵Ϊ󡣵ɻʦɽݶԡǿ˰ɣ
˿ݣЩζ


448 ʾ
ɻŵ£壬ѾЩˡһ͸¶һҲԼҲδʲôҴŵ뷨ȻҲ֪ġ
ŵ֮ͣΪʲס۵õԴʵȴûκڳ壬κһ洫ɽĵӣҪ̫࡭
ÿЩӣУҲЩζ
Ȼ֪ݸûеõɻʲôչˡ˵УţҲǡšһ˰ɣ
ʦûȰ˿ЦҡҡͷʦȥȥȥҾȥˡ
Ȼ˺֮еĲԣ΢һ룬Ҳ˶Էе뷨
ȻûбҪ˵ʲô΢ᶯһ֮󣬱һЦðһͬǰɡ
˱뿪ݵľšȥ

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ⵤҩڲռݺԼĪﲻֹڵĹ㳡ȴֻһһӿԺԺ֮еľ£ȴǱǽסʶ޷
ԺĴ֮ǰһԼĪʮˣվԭءÿ˵ĸǰ˺ܳĳ
ԼƵݸǼˣǶȡ֮ȡҩȥٶȲ죬ȴҲ

ȻЩɷҩĵǣֻһ֣һһƿƿҩͳǵеʱȴЩԾˡ
ֹΪֹҲֻгֹ
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佣ڲ佣ڡҪǿ߷Ƶıһϣô࡭аţƬ֮ҡҡͷЩӦûڳ壬Ǹ˵Ĳǡ
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ȻȻǴ쾳ȴҲ֪ǲ洫ӣͬŵӡ
ֻǣһ֮ͻƵ˴쾳ȴûбɳȥˡ
ӣͨһЩɽġ
Ͼڸ֮УҪȷɳȥǿ̫ˡûһɽǲȡġ
ڴŶӵȺɡ
ͻȻ˵ݻع漴˵ͷû顣
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Ŀ΢ɻڵȻǲͬ찡
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ݵľλԷʲô˼
ǺǣʦʲôطõõСܵģҲɿھǡ
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449 
Ԫӹһ˿ϲɫݵԽ׽
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ȻݵϵöԷ⡣
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ӡӦϣɣ
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ݿһۺ˵ıӰ֮ǲɵһ˿εЦݣҡҡͷҲת˻ȥ

ص˾ֱӽˡչҡ
ǡš֮ϣݴӻУȡ˷Ԫƿҩ
ƿҩĿȴ΢ָʶĲŪЩƿ
ʶˣЩƿ֮УװĶǵÿƿʮû˿Ŀ˿ۡ
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˭ѾԶˡ
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ԷҪ֮ƺѾǲԶˡ
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ǲУҲ˵˵ЦЦ
һʳʱ򣬴ҵ̸۶ͣмһˡ
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ȻĶĶȥݣȴҲǲܵġ
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ⴢģֻǡ衱ǶѡԣҲ¶ʧǲ
ЩҲѾͨԪкһ֮󣬱ǵȥ

ݵ֮ǼľģԪڽնȡʱļˣȻŰҲ
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ҿ˿֮ԪһԼ顣
ʵҲЩġȻ˵᲻Щǵɻ᾿᲻æ
ϾҪģݡȻݣȥɻæ
ǣȻΪɻΨһŵˣɻ᾿һֹϵȴ֪


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⡰ɢƷҩмλҩ㲻ʲôƷȴҪҲǼΪѰһŵӵͣ׵õ
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һΣǰѰݣΪ⡰ɢ
ϣΨһӵСɢģֻɻᡣҲֻơ
ǣʱռռ㹻ơɢĲϡǣҪɻƵĻԷҪϵļ۸ȴԪȫ޷ܵġΪҵĲϣֻ㹻֤ɹȴ޷֤ɻƷá
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˵ԪֿĿݣ


451 ӦУ
Ѿȫˡ
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ǡҺʱϢ
¹ܲԼ֮·´򿪣ԪȻΪģʵҲΪ꾡
šаԹһ֮졣֮ʦһˡ
죿
Ԫ΢һ£һ룬ϾԼҲҪ£ȻѾӦԼڻʱգֺαļһٶ궼ˣҲںˡ
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΢̾һ˵

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ҩ֮ˣرһƷͻƹؿҲãǿΪҲãҲãǿҲáָĵҩܹǵĸ󡣹ʶӵһǿ֮ôߵʲôط㶼֮ء
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һΪᡭ
ǲܲʹõģΪõõԴȻȴֲȥԼжΪ޾ɱôҪô죿
ԪͻȻ֣һܺõķ
ɻʵԼƣȻ󣬰зԼĴơ
мַ̣ĳɹʡߴϣ
һֲĳɹʣ
ɻҪֲϷſ϶ƳһöƷȻֻҪݣͿԣ
ζʲô
ֻҪһθԪƳɹôæ˽ﲻǸʱҲʼҪʱˡ
Ϊˣǰɻĳɹϵġʵģֻе֮ˣ
Ҳ˵һöҩܹ׬ȡݣķݵĲϣ
ĽǶ˵⣬֮ɻշѻҪӰ
ټЩΪԼõ˱ˣȻҪĺôǵ
ʵһ⡣
ˣõҪġĴֱۣɻҪСܶࡣȻ˵õȴǸ󡣸ΪҪǡ˶ֻΪΪɻɵģỳɵݣ൱һʱܱ֤Լİȫ
ʲôô
Ȼַûб׶ˡԵһ¾ɻˡ
ֻҪɻõκһϢݣҪع⡭
Ǳⲻ˵ģȻݣҲ벻ʲôȫİ취ΨһģҲֻǾĳ֡Ͼɹĵطɻϵ
ɻֿˡ˭ݣˣ£ΣҲ͵ˡ


452 ̽
ȻȻ֪κλǰΣġҪ밲ȵĹȥǻ粻Ҫ·춼޼ңҪȫĶࣿ
Σ޷⣬ȴӡ
ȱľʱ䡣ֻҪӵ㹻ʱ䣬ۻ㹻Դ֮󡭡ΣҲȻܽ⿪ˡ
ƻ֮У޹ģ¾ҪɻˡݽԷͷȴ˶Է⡣ĿǰԣԷҲжԼ
¿ȥȷЩ̫
ȻЩӰ죬ӰʵҲ̫󡣱Ͼ֪ݵˣҲֻǾڳˡ佣ڿʮģÿһ춼мȥɻæƵҩһ˸æġ˹ԤԼѾŵ˼֮󡭡
˵ֻǺ˼ڴӶԷˡ
ĻȫȫĵԷҲȥˡ
Լĵߣ飬ġ

ƽ̨֮ϣһа˰һʮŻΪĵİʮһŻͨǲʹõ֮⣬߰ȴǿԹʹõġ
佣ڵ֮ͺ󣬾ЩŻǲܱռ
ԣһЩ֮ߣ佣ľͷĵӣԼһЩ洫ӻÿµĹ֮⣬һֵġһֱŵġ
ʦ֣ǿŵģ㿴Σ
һΪĽһŻ֮ǰˡһѯʵĿһˡ
վģһһҩĿͦꡭ
ݡ
ҿ˿֮¶Цݵãɡ
šЦŵ˵ͷ򿪡
˵ţǰ˼ӻȡһ齣

һȣֻһ죬һɫȻǰĿռ֮ƽ˸Ƭ֮ʧ
ʦ֣Ѿ򿪡ҪŻֻƷǰ֮оͿˡʱҲһ
Щ˽ŤͷָŻ˵
ţ鷳ˡЦų˵ͷ
ʦˡţû飬ҾͲʦˡ˿ݡ
롣ݹ֡
Цŵ˵ͷ΢֮󣬱ת뿪
ĿŶԷ뿪֮ջĿ⣬ϸǰŻ
ǰЩŻֱӿ±֮ϵġÿһŻĺ棬ֱͨġ棬Ǿ޴Ʒĵ¯һڡ
Ʒĵ¯ȻǺĵڣȻһЩɹʵġһȴǸˡ
Ϊĵ˵ͷͳԼƣеҩߵŻĸǰ
ҲǾʯƣȥΪغʵϣһİۣ״Ƶģһ
ݽ泯ķ˰֮Сֻáǡ죬֮һâһʱƱ˳
ݽƣֻŻڳƵġ¡¡֮УĿ¶ĺɫռ䡭
ݳ濴˿֮΢һüͷһպƣ˽ȥ

İʦ֣ݵѾ²ˡ
ھٹ֮Ĵи֮ϣ̻Ի͵ġصСһˣվһĮĸǰ㱨š
⡰صټĹ֮ϣֻˡ
ڴˣȻϳĮ꣬ǵ⡰صİԡ
İ֮鲢δ˿Ĳ΢ͷȴ˼ڡ
ϣΪ꾡ļռõϢܡ
һ֣һ֮϶һϡİüͷ΢壬֮˹ȥַ
ٴŵ˵һ¡
˽Ż㱨
ݣ춼һ޼ҵĵϵ춼뽨֮ΪǱšʮꡣ
丸飬ڵҲ춼һţʮ졣Ȼ֮ȴ޹ᣬ춼ʵ׷ɱĸסҲݵүү춼޼ҵļ۳֣֮콧ϡֻǣº֤޹һ£鹹֮ǰ޼׵Ƽμֲ߻ġ壬Ѿǰ޼춼֮У޼Ҷռͷ
֮ĸΪ춼ٽĽ֮ˣΪѩ̡ݳ󲻾ãȥݸģһŮĸңڽǰ㲻ʲô塣һǰһ£ϮĻ̻̣˶뿪˽Ƥ۸˱䡣̼Ҽ˻ĵƤ̶̡̲һʱ䣬Ѿǽ½ҵңڽ׽Ӱӡһǰ¼Ϊ漰붼ϢļΪܣʱûиϡ
λ佣ڣҲǾֻ̫֪ŵģǳɻᣬϼΡζʱ򣬲˶ǿһ𡭡֮Ϊλᵽǳ壬Ʋ⣬Ӧϼڶ¡ڶʶġȴǲ̫ˡ
ܵ˵޿֮ɵġΨһɻľǡʮ꣬ڵǼǵ䣬ȴʮꡭ
ܽԵ˵һ仰
ûʲôþȵġİַеϣĮʮ̫꣬ҡƢΪ͵ѱ䣬Ҳ⡣
΢һ˵ͷ˵
ţȥɡ
İеĽ϶ǿһ̧֮ͷ
ǡ
ǰ΢ת˳ȥʱʧˡصڡ
İĿŶԷ뿪֮󣬷תߵ֮УһȻƵ߲ʹ֮ǰ
ָһɫߣڿ۳һӶӵӡǡ
ѭ
һȣӡǣ߲ʹ֮ϡ
䣡
â˲佫ءصһƬ
İԣң
֮УһƵ
ʦҪϡ
İԱ鲻䣬˷˸ģйݵϡ

ڡ
壬ƽ̨ĳһŻ֮С
Ŀ⣬ĳһĿ֮Щ档
߽䣬˽һӣһͨŲط
һΪտɽһڡ¶ȼߣΧɽڣѾһںɫ
ģȴռ䡣±֮ϣ·Ƕϵģһںɫ
ͨںڣȻԱߣȴ˸һɫĹâ·Ǵɽӳչһ㡣
ƶǶһԴ򿪵Ĵڣ֮ϣĸССͨڣȥΪ
һ۾ͿԿŹֵļһӦĳȻϵĳһС֡ȥӶء
֪⣬Ȼ¯İ˰һʮڵеһˣ


453 ¯
йص¯ʹãܸ֮ȻûἰƷ¯廹ԭ֮Ǹʲôݲһڣʵʹõķͨ¯Ҳûж𡣶ܸٵĵ¯ʹƪҲصʮȷֻҪԼӴĦһ£Ѳסݵġ
ݷеҩǰȥϸĹ۲
ⶦ״ںԼĪһ˸ߴһټͷ֮ȫǡͷ֮ϣһϸƬȥӶأ·ĳתһ㡣
Ƭзʽƺĳ󷨣
ݹ۲һ֮󣬶ʱֳ־ȡ
ֻЩƬ򣬵ϸ۲Ļȴܲתһ󷨵ķϢȻݲ󷨣ʶϾط΢⣬Ѳס
ţӦס¶ȵ󷨡
ϸ۲ţЩ²⡣
ͷ״һšͷ룬ȴǽǷŽպϡ࣬һ͹ԼĪͷСģӦǻġ
ͷϷĸӳһŵף֮һƬڰС
ݹ۲Ƭ֣֮ͬʱס͹
΢һʹֻáꡱһ죬͹֮ʱȥֻá¸¡һ춯һߵ󣬶ʱ򿪣
۾һʱΡ
ֻη֮󣬳ֵģȴһɫĵ󷨡棬һΪտĿռ䣬һ·һƬڰ񣬲û˿Ļ档
һ֮΢ͷ
ţϵ˵¯ܷԱȻǻ۵ĸΧӣ⣬Ӧþƻˡ
¯Ľṹ㸴ӣ෴Ϊ򵥡
˵һһԷ¶ȵ󷨣ԼĸԲٿػۡ˶ѡ
ĵ˵ͷܸͨƪµȻ¯ĽṹӡӵģĹ̡֮Уʲôʱ¯¯֮ʲô¶ȥƣʲôʱڶζҩģҩҪֱƵʲô̶Ȳںϣںָ֮Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ɵ
⣬֮Ҫ˵ġ
һõ¯ֻҪС
ԺãܷԺãٿԺã㣬ͿԳ֮Ϊõ¯
Ժãƺؽ̫ࡣ֪жʦƵҩĹ֮УΪ¯ԲѣƵҩûڻǵ¯Ϊ޷ָ¶ڻ˵ӣ¹һ񡭡ҩǴײˣһЩԻԵҩܱȾľҪֲһ¯ԵҪԣ֪ˡ
ܷԺãǱ֤ҩЧ֮УκĻӷԶǼǿġ֮УֻҪ΢һ˿©ƵҩͻΪܷԲãֱӻӷһ¯ӵĺ̿ɻҡ
ԣΪ˱֤𣬵ͬҲЧЩҩҪĳһ¶֮һʱ䡣ʱ䲻˹ȴҲ̡ܹʱ򣬻ĿƵҪԣȻҲֳˡ
ͷĳɵƺõĵҩ˲ͣҩԡҩĳɫȻӰ죬ڣʧܡ
ԣһõĵ¯֮ǿɹʣʵ޵ķʸġ
ǰ¯ⷽȻûʲô˵ġĲԼƬ϶ѿǴĸǶǣ˵¯Ʒ
Ʒĵ¯ԭ֪ʲôģ
ݴʱȴЩš
ͷҲֻһţҡҡͷᡣ
תһԵҩ˿΢һ֮󣬴ȡҩġһ߿еĲݣһǵ¯ǰ֮ϡ
ԪһҪֵҩĲϡֱΪį鵤ɢԼ衱ÿֵҩƲϣʮݡһǾʮݡ
ȻֵҩδƷףҩҲߡΪֵҩƷΪ򵥣ϲѰʵԲͣʹߣȴҲǲ١
ҪʮݲϵĿģȻȱֵҩҪʹáĿģΪʵʲһ¡һ£ƵҩУжĲ
ʮݲϣʮλᡣ
ϸ˵һʦԣʮεʵᣬʵ㲻϶ࡣκһԱ֤ɹʵʦһǾ˳ǧεʵĳɹʴﵽĳһ̶ȣ
ǣݣȴԼơ
ƣǽַܸ١
ܸصĴ󲿷ֵ꾡˼¡УרϽַҪȥľȷ֮ȷ꾡ֱ̾Ϊֹ
˵ֻҪǰ׳գЩȥߣܱ֤ĳɹʸߴٷ֮ʮ
ϸ˵ֶνסȥǳɹĸߴٷʮʮҲ㲻ĵҩʦ
ʲôʦڵݶԻЩңԶ
ҪģֻȷһЩȷԣȻһǸʲôĸоܿŽ׵õҪõġ
˶ѡ
ʮεֻᣬԣʵжٵġ
ԪԼ졣ʵòôʱ䡣֮ҲǸԼһЩذˡ
ҶݣţɫȥӦݡ
֮ϣݶеҩڱǶ΢һ֮ȴ¶һЦݣ΢һ
衱ĲϡСҶݡΪΪûҩ
Ҷݡһϲֲ󶼿ڱȽϺĵط侥ͨҶ޻ҶҲֻҶʶҩƫԡ
һϲº͵ֲ󿪷ϷȴֲȵĵطΪͨɫҩкͣ
ֱӷáҶݡ̺ĺ⣬һɺʵߣ˵Ҫֱӱסֱӷá
Ȼûкȶʲô˼ҲֻǳԵһ޶Ŀݰˣ岻жٵĺô
Ȼһһеںϵһ֮󡭡衱ͳˡ
һʶ֮ϣǣϣ
⣬档ΪʦҪġǽֲƳҺ塣Ȼںһ壬˲䣬ɵ
˵򵥣ʵȴסΪֻ֮Ҫ΢һ˿˿ĲôҲᵼ¹һ񡭡
衱Ʒ׵ҩҪƷҶݡʮˣݡ߿ˡƷʽҶݡҩԣȲߡСƣһӣڳҺݡҩкͣȲߣСƣӿڳҺʶҶݡ¯Ӻ󣬡ݡ¯ٰ̣Һۺϣ˲䶳ɡ
֮ϵݣԺ֮иֳܸ֮еļء


454 Ѷȣ
ֵҩƷ͸һݡȻܸ֮УҲصġ
ܸϼصġ͸ǵ֮УʵֻС裬Ʒ׵ҩҪƷҶʮˣ߿ˡļ¼֮йҩҩԵĲƲ裬Ǹûеģ
ֻǴһ򵥵ĵ֮ϣĿ佣᪻ŵĵҩ棬жĲ˰ɣ
⣬ֻƷ׵ҩĵ
Ʒ׵ĵҩƸӳ̶ȱ⡰衱֪˶ٱҩҩԸǸӣҩԸͬеʱҪͻȻգͻȻСƣҪʣж֮临ӳ̶ȣֱͷۡ
ƾһ򵥵ġ֪ҪһЩʲôȻԼȥҪɹǺεȲף
ܸ棬ȴǽ̣ȫȫĻ֮꾡ļҩԣȣʱ䣬¯˳򣬰ʣ˽ַʲôʱʹʲôӡͳͳ¼ڰ
ΪʲôܸϽַóɹʣﵽ˿ֲİٷ֮ʮʮ⣬ûԭġ
ݸпҡҡͷҲٶ롣Ŀ⣬ٶȼеǵ¯֮ϡ
Ҫ𣬿ػ䣬ȴҪϤһ²С
ţݵü΢һһ˿ʶ̽ǵ¯̽ȥ
ʵ¯Ĺ챾ͼΪ򵥣ݷȻҲôѡѵģǶʱİԼƿءֶϾҪݵġپϸĲָҲҪһС
ݵʶ¯ϷһС׵ʱֻġˡһţһϢʱԵ¯ײӵֻ˲䣬¯ڲȻһɻҪ¯
ʱԭʹڵģŵ¯ŻĺɫϣͻȻȻеĻ棬һ˿йĵ˻ȥ¯ߣҲһ˿â
¯
ݵĿ΢ʱǰʲô
ʵ¯һ׽ġõĵ¯ûлԴ£ҪԴ뵤¯֮УҪ¯ů¯ղġ¯
¯˼壬ǽȫڵ¯ڲҪǼ鵤¯ܷǷﵽҪ
ů¯ĿģΪ˱֤¯֮ӵ㹻¶ȣάһƽȵĽ׶Ρ
ʹõ佣ڵƷ¯ⵤ¯ֱͨŵ²֪ĵ֮ԴĲԽʡⵤ¯֮ϣֳɵ󷨷¯̣Ҳɽʡ
ֻǿȥڵڲãȻ¯𣬵¯ȻԴɫԣ¯ůһ󡭡
ݾĿŵ¯֮еĻ棬ģΧĿռ¶ȣҲǽĸԭںֻһ˿ɫĵ¯ǺâҲԽ
ףӦþǷֱСлԼĻˡ
ţŲݡ
ʶΪǿᡣ˵ȴòһ¡
ʶ֮еʶǺ纣ġȻһԵʹΪĳ䣬޷ʹȻ;ԣȴǼΪǿġ
ҪľʶһȶԡΪǻĲݣǿƼֵҩ໥ںϣʡҪʶɡ֮УֻҪκһ˿пܵʧܡܶʦĳɹʲߣʵҲʧط
ʶܶʱЩƷ׵ʦһ죬ʮ죬һ£ֻһεҩΪĹǼΪʶġͨˣ޷ġ
˵ǲõĻġֻҪۻ㹻ľ飬ĳɹٷ֮˾ʮϣҲûпܡ
ȻǰǣƵĵҩҩʶݷΧ֮ڡ
ֻǵ¯ڲĻ棬ݵʶⲨ֮£ͻȻͻȻСԾšʱ¯Ȼ͵СʱֻһССĻڵײһֵӦֵĸо
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ţ󣬵ͷһԵġҶݡ롰Ƭ֮һĿ⣬ʱƽרע
ͷ΢һֻġҶݡȻԶ󣬻ƶǵ¯ϵĺɫϿϣ󡭡
Ȼһ̣Ȼû˿谭˲Ǻɫڣ˵¯֮У
ͬʱݵͷٶ¯ڲĻ棬ʱһССĻ硭
ݵʶ֮£ǡҶݡڵ¯ڲһС֮Ϻ濾š
ͨҶڻϺ濾ôֱҲ͸ɿˡȻܻʲôˮҺ塭
ȻΪݣȻǲֲͬͨ
ֻʱƣǡҶݡϣȻǽĳһεξӨҺ塭Ҷ֮ϣǸһִεĸо
ʱ䣬ŵ˰Ӻ󡭡

üͷһ壬һʶʱü˲Ǵߵġֱһ˵¯֮ڣ
ڡһ˲䣬һС磬˺濾ҶݡСԱߡʶİ£ʱҲС֮ϣת
Ȼʱ򣬵¯¶ȣȻ˲߳һЩ
˻
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ţ
ݣȴǶʱ΢һ
ǡ
Щûлع
Ƭ֮ͻȻȻѵΪֵ֮С𣬵˵¯¶˲ߣ˲䳬ȼյ㣬֮ٻˣ
ͻȻôһ˿򣬶ȴǵһ
һ˿˿¶ȱ仯ȻͻʧܣδҲ̫ϸ˰ɣ
һʧܸաܽᾭ֮󣬵óһҲסпĽ
̫ϸˡ
֮³һҡͷЦȡʱ䣬ʵȷġ
ҡҡͷһĿ΢

ԵҩԶ򿪣Ĳϣǵ˳
ݿʼ򡭡
ʱ䣬Ȼ
һ֮󡭡
ڳɹˣ
ݵͷеһżůĵҩ¶˸пЦݡ
Ȼһϸ¶ȵͻȻʱвأںϵԿʱաֻҪвԣͶʱҪʧܣѹ֣Щ˵ĳɹֻܴﵽٷ֮ʮһԭûԭġ
ҡͷ
۹ۣһʵʵǸоѶȡ
һ죬ʹ˶ʮݲϣƳһö衱Ҫ۳ɹʣֻ¶Ҫڰٷ֮㼸ȥˡѶȣˡ


455 ɹ
ɹһΣȴѾһЩաƣӦòٳˡ
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ʮεʧܣÿһζʧڲͬĵطͬĴûзڶΡȻѾɹһΣôԺ󣬳ɹʱȻҪˡ
衱ֵֻҩ֮Ƶһֵ֣ҩҩѶȻ˲١
Ҫǡ֮ҪƵǡɢƷҩȻ֮ͿýַԸݣɹʱȻ֪ѶȵݣȴҲôˡ
һһɣûаա͵Լٶһʱ֮˵
šҲûĴӦԪʱʵûаգһ䡰ɻʦ־ܾˡҲͿˡ
׼֮Ҳ΢һЩһ
ʱ䣬㳤Ŭǡ
Ȼ׼ȻǳɹΪֻܵõҪԴ
ݵļƣʱ䣬ٶȿٵ

֮󡭡
ݣҪĲϡ
ҩſڣһ꽫һҩݸݡ
лɽʦ֡
æ˹ȥл
ɽʦҲǵҩһʵҲѾﵽˡ쾳ڡĳ̶ȣΪ
ǰԪҪĲѾȫˡܽĳɼĳɹѾﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮ¡
һĳɹʡȻƵֵҩûƷסͬʱֵҩҲǲҪַġҪĥģݶһָо
ܸ֮кȷļţֻʹýַɹʲŻȵ
Ҳ˵ڲʹκַ£ּ򵥵ĵҩɹʣѾĸˡ
һ㣬ֵ֤ݵ츳֮ͬϣٻֵڶͬʧ󡭡⣬һʦҪ߱
ֻǣٷ֮ʮĳɹȻ޷ݡΪóɹʸһЩʹЩ֮ٶ˵ҩ
һͬԪҪĲϣԪģһµĿӵеĲϷΧ֮ڡŵӣÿ¶ȡһݶֵҩԭϡԣݵĲϼȻûȡȻǿԼȡġ
ʦܣԪǰЩʱɻʦְɢɻʦӦ𣿡
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΢һ£ɽʦеһ˿֮ݵ΢漴Ц˵ʱɻʦֶæһûҵѯء
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ҩɽʦЦŵˡСܾͲɽʦˡǡ
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ת뿪ֱ뿪ɽʦֵ֮ɽʦ֮ϵЦݲŽ΢˸һ¡
ȴҡҡͷٶ롭

뿪˵ҩֱӻصһֱڵǡ֮СϷź֮ٶȿʼơ
Ҫһ㣬ǻĲٿԼʱİաһ㣬ȴҪľáͬԪԼֻˣݲòץʱ䡭
¯֮еСȶԾţļϣҲǻڻҺ塭
ʱ䣬š

ںˡ
ƽ̨ĳ֮С
ݳ³һͷԼȵĵҩ֮ϣֳЦݡ
죬һٰʮݲϣƳһһʮöɹʣѾﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮϣ
ϵݻһߵĴƿվ¶Цݡ
ʱ䣬һʹһٰʮݲϡһʼƵʱɹʲߣ˷˲֮⡣ӵڶȡ֮ĳɹʾһֱڰٷ֮ʮϡԣƳɹ˵ĵҩһһʮöܵĳɹʶѾﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮϣ
⣬һʼʧܵǶʮΡ
ǲ㣬ĳɹʣʹﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮϵĿ̶ֲȣ
һΪ˵ĳɼȻֵҩƷסڳ壬ܲʹκַʹﵽֳɹʵˣԼ亱ɴҲɿһ;ϣҲľ츳ġ
ҪĻΪݵʶޡԣһֱ֤ͬһȶĽ׶Σʶ룬ȶԼǿˡ˭ôƳʶ;ԣǵǿߣһϣҲȲ
⣬Ҳϵһơ
ձԪԼõʱˡҵĳɹѾȶ˰ٷ֮ʮϡȻδƹƷ׵ĵҩʱİգԻĲٿأѾЩĵáϽַҪɹӦҲôѲǡ
ɹᵽôߣݶǡɢҲ˼ְˡ
뵽ٳɣվΣƵĵҩƿ֮󣬱ת뿪ˡ


߳ŷ֣ɫѾ󰵡ġƽ̨ռ䣬Ҳ˲ˡ
ҿ˿ֱӳԼľȥ
صһȴûлصչҡ¥¥ķڡһɵҩַ̧֮ͷ˴¡
»ϴ¹⽫ƺӳճһƬɫ󣬿ȥۼ
㿴֮󣬷һ
վͲˣЪϢһҹɡ
ݵ֮¶˼Цݣ۷Σɵ˴ϡ
Կʼݵ˯ʱ䣬ָͷĹ󲿷ֵʱ䣬֮жȹġΨһ˯ߣ˻ԡƽƽ̤̤ʵʵڴϣʲôҲĸоѾкܳʱûгԹˡ
֪յƷҩƷͬСɣԣһλᡣܲܰסͿˡ
Գô˻ᣬҲԺİЪһΣΪһõ״̬
̤ʵڴϣûгԹָоݣȻ֮䣬˯ȥ

ա峿
ƿ˲ƺɫ֮£壬Ⱦһɫ
ʦܣʦܣԪڼң
̫Ÿðһͷݵľ⣬Ѿ֮ԪѾ
Ԫ˵ʵ̫ùʮ죬컹Ҫѹò׵ȵʱ򣬻̫ѾĴӾ֮и˹
еļû˿ڣһٶʮꡭͨһôʱ䡭ôʱΪһֱˣָоһ˵һֽпĥ
ɢΨһϣϣϡɻᣬӦ
Ԫվݵľ֮⣬ĵȴš
ʱһ˿ݾ֮ǰ󷨣Ȼ򿪡
ʦ֣˵ɡ
ݵ
Ԫһ۾ʱһҲ˲üƽݰףǳž֮ڣ˹ȥ


456 ӦУҪ
ʦ֣ô簡
ľ֮ڣѾվڴˡ
ԪݹֱȭЦк
⡭
Ԫ΢һ֮¶˼ֿЦεҡҡͷֵ˰꣬ʵЩˡ֮ʦܼһ˵ţ΢ֹߵ˽ǰ
һٶ꣬ǿһЩϣ
Ȼ֪ϣ󣬵⻹ǻֵЩʧȷ֮顣
СֻǿЦѣʦˡ
ݹһЦҡҡ֣
ԪһˬʵЦݣ΢һ֮ͻȻ۾һΣ΢
ʦܣ⣬⡭ֵ֮£ǡǡ
Է˼飬ݻ˻֣Ц˵ʦ£л˵
Ԫһ֮ǿѹסͷļ֮ϣȻȴȻڴĿݡ
ЦŶԷϾ˻ȥ΢Ƭ֮ͻȻһЦЦϲʦ֡ݣҲ
ĴӦˣ
Ȼһ仰ڣԪȴ͵ĵɴ۾λȻһ£վ
˫֮Уȴ¶˲ŵɫ
ݿԪɫȻЦĿȴû˵
áԪеĲţŻȥĿ⣬ٶȼеϣģһ˿ԷθĸмУ¶˳
ͻȻŻĲ֣صһϹ
ʦ֡
һæվס˶Է
֡֡ʦܣֲ֪αĸм֮顭ֻǣ飬ּˡĳգʦܵɽ𺣣޸Ҳӣ
Ԫҧأ˵šݵע֮£ۿȻ΢΢
һ쾳ǿߣʱ򣬾Ȼۿ죬·Ҫ˳֤˵ܵ˼Ĳ
һٶʮ꣬൱һͨһôʱ䡣ô֮УΪһߣʵǵˣԼͬĺѣԼһǽԼԶ󡭡ָоǱˣ˭ܹ᣿
˵ۣ˵ĳ˵ͬ顭һʱ䣬һֱϵĴ̼ԪΪ߰ġָоҪ
ԣ֪ɻ״ΪݵŵŵʱѾⷽ뷨
뷨һʼڴȻߣֻôһϣˡȥ󣬿ܻᱻܾ󣬾һᱻܾԣˡ
ȻȻڴ˼µԼҲû뵽ȻȻĻɹɻᣬȻĴӦͨͨŵӣƱƵҩ
洫ӣŵӶԣǿǸ߸ϵɻΪ洫жΪĴڣЩŵӣֻķݡ
ȻǵһȥɻᣬɻȴֱӾܾûаصΡû뵽û뵽
ʦ֣ߣҪȥлɻʦ֣
뵽֮Ԫһסݵ֣Ҫȥɻᣬһеĸм֮顭
ȴݿЦãæס˶Էεʦ֣Ұѻ˵òãɻʦ֣һЩҪԼһЩҪ˵
Ԫһͣ
ɻʦֻ齻˵Ԫæ֮дżֽŵĿݡ
ԪȽŵģݿЦá
£ƽһɡҡͷЦԼԷһˮ
ԪԣҲ豭һ֮һȶԼ
ˣʦ˵ɡȶסԪݡ
ݿ˿ȷԷѾƽɫǰȥɻʦ֣ʦɻʦ˵һ¡ɻʦ΢ԥһ󣬶ǴӦʦֵ󡭡ֻҪʦṩҩɻʦԸ޳ĸɢֻǣɻʦһҪ󡣡
Ԫæͷţš˵ֶӦ
ݵ˵ͷһ㣬йɻʦ޳Ƶҩ顭й¶ȥϾʦֵĹô꣬˵һӻ˹أֻ˶᲻ʱ򣬷һЩҪ鷳
һأԪʱɴ۾Ŵ͡
ôôһüѯʵ
Ԫ죬ȻƬ֮վûƭɻɥǡҩʦֵܣ󲿷ֶѾ֪ɻʦְ޳顭⣬ô죿
⡭Ѿй¶ˣݹĵһۡ
Ԫɥ˵ͷʱѾں޵Ըӣ
֪붯ɻʦָԼæ˵ʲôҲҪܰ
ԪҲǰ׳գĴ˳ȥֻɻʦֶʱҪĳֱ֮Сǣǡ
⣬ȴЩð˰
֪ϢѾ͸¶ݣȴѰüͷ
ʦܣʦܣһҪ취
Ԫüͷæżٶվ˵
˵һʼĻԪǾԲݵġֻǣǰһУֻҪһ仰Ϳ԰쵽ߣ
¡һüͷҡҡͷ漴ƺ֮̾һһ㣬ɻʦر𽻴ģһ֪֪ˣǲƵġҿʦ˰࣬ʵһֱ޷ȴʵĲ̡
˵ݿһɥԪһɫѯʵʦ֣Ѿ֪µģжˣ
Ԫһ£ԥһ֮ԼĪжʮҡ
ʮˣһüͷ漴ȴֵ˵ͷҲ࡭
ֿԪʦ֣жİǲϢй¶ȥ
ԪŴԣʱһæ֪µģҵҩȺʦֵܣҶа꽻飬ϵѣֻҪȥ˵û˻͸¶Ϣ
ȷѯһ
ȷԪնȻ
ݵʱ΢һ£ԥ֮˵ͷãǴ£ұ㶵šϢȴһҪεķסǧǧҪй¶ȥǲɻʦ֪Ļƭ飬ȻҪ֪Ǹʱ򡭡
˵ݹͣһ¡
Ԫжʱӿ˸мɫһѽץסݵ֣ҧأȴ֪˵ʲô
˺ˣ᲻ᰡݴʱȴ¶ЦݣȤ
Ԫ΢һһݺݵ˵ͷٶ¶ЦݡʱݵѾȫˡĽݵ֮һĴڡ
ʦֽĵһ㡭ȻѾֻ֪ҪϢǰйܣͺˡ˵΢һ£Ԫڶ㣬ȴʦҪѯġ벻УԼá


457 ׼
˵棬ԪҲʱе˷ܸдɻĵ˵ͷ
֪ɻʦһöҩһҪ߷ݲϡƣݣĳ͡ʵ΢˶٣ԪһۣƵҩѶȣʦҲᡭָѶȵ飬˭Ҳ޷֤ɹʡɻʦƵҩĳɹʣ佣϶ǿǰġǡҲûʧʱ򡣡
ݿ΢Ԫ˵ɻʦ֣շݵҩϵԵɣ˵շѡƳɹˣȻշˡǰݶʧˡʣµݣõġ⣬Ҳɻʦֵһܺã˲ϣһ㵤ҩԵɡ
߷ݲϣɻʦаٷְٵİտƳһöҩġݲϵĻҲֻаٷ֮߰ʮİաԣҪԼõˡҪôɻʦ֣ơǣаٷ֮ʮļʣܻʧܡҪô͵ȡ߷ݲϵʱȥԼѡ񡣡
˵仰صϣԪ
ɻһֳɹʣȴǲ֪ȻοɲɻƣԼơ
ȻַܸݣݵĳɹӦúܸ߲ǡϾǵһƷ׵ĵҩֱӾƷҩݵľ飬ǵδƷ׵顭ɹΣ˭ָı֤
ԣôһڡʵҲǸԼһ·һʧˣԪĿԲûСʱ򣬷ҪһЩҪ鷳飬˵ǰȽϺá
ҵҲǺϺġôӵ̣һС⣬пܵʧܡֽɡ
Ԫⷬ飬ҲȷһƬ֮С
ѡǲǰٷ֮߰ʮϣǵǰٷ֮ٵİգ
ȷһ⡣
Ͼٷ֮߰ʮϣѾǼߵһˡҲѾ㹻ʱˡ⡰鵤ƲҪٴճٻҪʮ굽ʮʱ䡭ôʱĵȴĻֵܼĵȥ
ǣֻҪڵʮ꣬ȴǴӰٷ֮߰ʮ˰ٷ֮٣
ѡ񣬹ؼڡԪȲȵȥ
Ԫһ־ᣬ
֮󡭡
ԪͻȻ³һݣҶģ
ݵĿ΢һˣһʧܣɾʲôûˡ
ˡԪݵĻ֮¶һ˿Ȼһ˿ᶨҵһٶʮ꣬һٶʮʱѾܹˡȴʮ꣬ھȥһӮ滹ǱȽϴġɻʦ֣
ʮʱ䣬֪١˵κһʱ䶼ǱġΪ׷ģǳԪѾ˷һٶʮꡭ쾳ԪҲֻˡѾǶٰʮˣµʱ䲢ࡣʮʱ䣬ɹһܴͻơҲлء
ԣԪѡ˶ġ
⻰ȴǵ˵ͷаһ¶ЦݣãȻѡˣǾûˡܱ֤ģɻʦ֣һĵİɢˡ
ʦܣлʲôҲٶ˵۳ɹֵܣԪˡԺʲô飬ֱҩҡԪĪҴӣ
Ԫݣһ˵
ʦִȴˡЦҡҡͷʵȻѾ׼ôʦֵĲϿǱˣ
ѾףҼС͸ȡԪվ
šҲûпףֱӵ˵ͷٶĶԪʦ֣ǧǧǶЩ֪ʦǣܽϢй¶ȥǲɻʦֵĶСң¶Ҫ˵ٶͣ
Ԫͷţ֪ȥ֪ͨǣȻҩ
ݵ˵ͷݵͷԪҲٶ˵ʲôһ֮󣬱ת뿪ݵľ
ĿԪıӰȫʧ֮ݲų³һ
΢Ƭ֮֮ϣ¶˼Цݡ
ãһɻеĿԣСࡣʱ䣬Ҳ᳤ˡ
ֶԵĲ豭ţŵߡ

˵Ѿ˵ɻʦ֣޳Ƶҩ
ҩصŵӣ㼯Ԫĸǰһ϶¶𾪵ɫ
Ȼ˶֪Ԫȥݰæϵɻ飬˵ģûΪɹϾɻĹѾ꣬ô˵ƾƵģ
ȻǸΪݵŵӣȻ˵˶ԷԼĹأǣɻᡭǸʲôϵɾֵ˰
𾪵ĵӣһۣ˶Էеľɡ
Ԫ˵ͷֿĿǹֵʦܼΪ壬ӦԪܡԪ뼫ΪʦֵҲΪܣܽй¶˳ȥ򡭡Ԫдˡ
ΧļԪͬ°࣬ʵǳԪΪҲΪǵĹϵȷһԪ˵أ˶ɫͷģй¶ȥġ
Ԫŷĵһ˵ͷˣͶЩλʦֵˡǡ˵ųż˹֡
ȥɣҪԤףʦɣվˣ˶æ˵
Ԫ˵ͷתȥ
ֱԪıӰʧ֮ǿصļ໥˼ۣԻصԼĸλϡ
ֻǣ֮Уʼ˸
й¶Ϣ׳ղŻô
ȻѾȷݵȷӰ쵽ɻᣬöԷ޳ĸ׳ֻ˵ȥ·أ
ܽʡҩҪǻʯҲƷʯΪλļֵЩŵӶԣҲʮ깦򷽲ܹռġ
˵ȥʲôôԪг
ʵ˵˵Щ˿Ԫݣ̫Ӱ졣
ϾɻȻΪݶԼĹأô˵˵ĹϵȻ쳡Ȼϵ˲쳣飬˵ȥˣҲһݻԪжвŪûҪԼǻ
˵ȥΨһǶôһ·пܵԪݣ͵͵ʴס
ְ׳飬ûԸġ
ƲȻԼȥݰæ
뵽Щ˼ˣ֮ж˸˼ֶġ
ڣ͵ſԪĵҩ᲻Ƴɹˡ

ڵҩϵ˸ţʲôʱҲݰæɻæ޳ƵҩʱԪѾٶȻصݵľС
ʦܣЩҩ
ԪиմԼȡҩݵĸǰһٶʮĻܺˡ


458 ʵ
߹ȥԷҩ
ҩֻͨҩϾԪҲʵ㲻ϸߣɷٺġҲǵϾ֣֮ǳ֮ȴǻûʸӵдֱġ
ֻǣҩ֮װģȴͲЩ֮ǰõġ衱һҩˣһ½յġС
СбҩҩԵĹЧǳʶȻԪõġСҲֻһɫ˵֮еġ񡱣꺮񡱣ıֻҪܷõҩ궼ʧһ˿ҩԣΪʡЧҩЧѡ
ݴԵСԼĪ߰˸ҡǡɢļλҩҩԼҩ

ݿ˿֮ȴδСһһ򿪼飬ֱӵ˵ͷ
Ҫ飬ԪòײôһѵõĻᣬ᱿϶͸ȥԼɻơ
ԪΪʲô֪ɢƲϵ飬ݿҲѲ²⡣
ضԷ˲֮󣬾ȥֽ̹ɻԼƸҪô졣ɻҲûʲôܻĸйءɢϢÿһҩķԣ֪⡰ɢҪЩʲôҩҪٷ
㲢Ѳ²⣬ϾƵҩеĽʵ̫࣬¯˳ÿҩҩԣԣ;Ҫֱ仯ȵȡκһ˿󣬶ᵼʧܡЩע֪ҩԼԷҲûж˸ȥơ
ЩҩļֵǲƣԪһ쾳ǿߣһٶʮʱ䣬ǿռķݡ̶ȣ֪
ûӴĲܣ˭ôȥԣ
⣬Ҳ˱˲ϣȴҪȥѰɻԵɡ֪ϣ֪ƫǼ򵥵ĽЩϻҵĴ顭
ҲãõܸⱾ᪻ŵĲ֮ءҲһĨϹˡ
Ԫʱı黹Щԥһ֮ʵʦܣҩʲôʱɻʦأ
̧ͷһ֮һЦʦݽЩҩ˽ˣ
Ԫ΢˴üͷ΢һ¡Ȼһ˿壬ܿȴʧڨڨЦʦﻰʦ֣ܿѾָмˡỳʦܵƷ
Ԫô˵ͷȴ⻹ЩġϾԼһٶȫĶݸԼ˵ҲôϤ
ܽҩݣȻѾ˴ġҪԷˣͷȴ⻹Щǡ
ϾɻĹϵġˣթҪƭЩҩʱһ䡰ʧܡԼһ仰Ҳ˵ԶԷɻĹϵҪԼĲϣ˵Ҳʲôѵ鰡
Ԫô꣬ʶ̫ĶթôЩģȴҲ
Ԫ֮ϵıӹݵ۾Ŀ΢ȴЦһ¡ݲɡΪݺԼһϣԪǾԲġ㣬ӶԷҶһϣܿĳˡ
һЦǺǣʦֿЦʦֲҪ⡣
ԪĿ΢һЦǺǣ޷޷
Ԫ飬΢ҪǲöԷ΢µӻǲа
ţݵݽָԪҩҪʱС
Ԫ΢һ䣬ָֻݣĻ
ݿһۣ̾ʦҲ֪ɻʦÿնηæ£ֻ»ء£ȴǻñܣʵڲ¾ȥһע⣬ǵɻʦһá˵΢˶٣Ԫɫȴʱ˱䡣
ͷһЦŵԣֻܵȵϣɻʦַ֮󣬲ܽЩҩơ
ǰɻʦ˵ĺȷ£ʵ֪Ըʦȥʲôлԡ
˵ͣԪεʼðɣʵɻʦֵ˼ֻҴǣǮţȴǲԸʦ㡭ԣʦŵùңͽҩתʸɻʦ֡ʵŲ
ͣĻ֮˼ҲΪˡ
Ԫͷʱԥ
ݵĽϺȴϺʵ
˵ԼɻƵҩֻҪԼϢ͸¶ȥȥݷһ¶ԷʲôԵģ˵ɻ᲻ݷáʵЩϺˡ
ǡɻʲôˣ
ǿ佣ڶǼΪԼأԼֻǳһͨͨ˵ŵӰˡݵλĺ֮ԶԼ޹ʣϰԼ޳ҲǿݵϡԷƾʲôҪԼֲǷԼʲôֲԼҪԼ顭ΪݰˡǺܺϺʵ
Ԫͷһ˲԰Ȼ漴ȴһ˾޷ȷԼܲʮˡѾһΣǾٶһΰɣ
뵽ԪһݣֵˡһУͷʦˣ
Цˣ˵ͷҩһȫɻʦ֡ڵҩܷƳɹ֮ǰҲ˵ˣûаٷְٵİաʦ֡ȴҲҪһЩ˼׼
Ԫ˾֮ȴҲٷֻ֮ÿЦҡͷˣϣɻʦܳɹ֮⣬ֻʲôأ
˵ԪͻȻЩȻԼδȴҪƿءָоĺܱ
΢ЩĻĳݹ˹֣ȻˣһоͶиʦˡ֡иˡ
ݵ˵ͷ֮ڣȻʦһ𸴡
ԪмĿһۣһת뿪
ĿԪ뿪֮ų³һ󣬿˵ҩеĲϡ
һԷȥѰɻĻᣬټ˼ˡȴҪˡ
뵽ݳĬ
һνɻͷݺмҪԡ
ֻܳɹʧܣ
⣬ͷĻᣡ
ֻγɹˣŻĿչгŻĴ򿪡
Ԫı֣ͬҲǿеġȻ׶ԷڵʲôڣݾҪֵĸ顭
ԪĵģѾ֪µ˵ĵģһʧܡԪ᲻Լ鷳ҲᡣЩ˶ԼĿŶȣȻҪۿۡгȻҲͲչˡһݿɻͷƵ̣Ҫա
ֻеһγɹˣЩ˲ŻԼɻᡰƻԼĹءǵڶʧˡҲνˡ
Ϊ˵һγɹľ飬ǾѾٻݡڵڶεʧܡ˵һʧô
һΣҪġ
뵽ٶһ
ӣưܸ٣ַϣܳɹɡ


459 
ҩ֣еķնѾԪһԻ֮ʱĽͣôҪģȻˡ
ݲδϾͻ𼱻ǵֱǰΪڻǰ죬ƽ̨ϵ˼࣬ôһҩȥܵ˵ĹעҲ׾ͻᱻԪ֪ȻԸġ
Ԫ뿪֮ݹر˾ǰ󷨣һҩġչҡ
Ҫģǵȡȴ֮ٿʼж
Ҫһͺˡ
ҩصչҡЩпϾʵ̫ˣʲôʱõš
Ҳ֪ʱԣҪõĿԼ͡ϾҲֻһͨŵӰˡ
뵽εҡҡͷڡš֮ϵԪҩ˿
ҩ֮а˸УݽһǴҩ֮ȡ˳Сĵķ˸ǰЩСзҩԵãʵȴȻࡣòСһЩ
ν˸Уȫ򿪡
ʱһҩζʱ˳Ϊ֮һ𡣶Ŀ΢¶Цݡ
ҩҩһζҩζҩһζţûȫݡԪΪɢʵǺķһЩ򰡡
˸Уÿһ涼һҩζɫ״Сܸ֮еļû˿ÿһǴﵽơɢҪ
ɢƷҩƵҩȻҲͨҩ
ҩΪ߾ҶƷ½׵ҩ
ҩҩֻںıѩԭɽ֮ϲܼټͨԣ֡ҶĴʱ䲻̫Ϊԭ̫ǿ⵼¼󲿷ֵġ߾Ҷڳʱķѩݲ֮е㡣Ҳֻڼٵĸԭ϶֮У̫ʱı¶ڸԭѩ֮µģŻд֮
ȻҪ⡰ɢȴҪϵġ߾ҶΪҩ亱̶ȣȻ
ǰ֮УһУİڷꡰ߾Ҷ
ֻ⡰߾ҶͨϾӨ͸ȥѩɡϾӨ͸Ҷ֮ϵÿһ·ֱܿͬһƷһ㣬
ҶףţǴﵽݵı־
ݿţܸ֮йشһЩأĵ˵ͷ
ֻ֮еġ߾Ҷÿһ궼ļΪãӸӶϵҶ಻٣߸⾥ģһƬӨҶӣϾ͸Ŀ
˵⡰߾ҶǡҶݡһЩƵĵطҩ֮
ֻǣȡ߾ҶҶݵһԣɾֻ˵С׼ˡ
ţһݵġ߾Ҷһ쾳ߣûκƵ̷󣬶˲Ҫ̺ǿ󺮶궳ԶҶݿ֮Ტ۵ġ
ʵϣٵҩҩӵмǿĶʵġḶ́ͨҪҩҩҩԸͬںϻתЩԣٽȫɶĳɷ֡
ʶһöҩ֮УҩҩԼҩҪԶһġȱһһöҩͶƳɹ
һЩʱ䣬ÿԺоһɢĸҩƷ֮ʱҲܸȻһЩ
ţĽÿһҩϣš
ʱ䣬֮УȻš

£졣
佣ڣһƬڰ֮Уµ¹⣬ҲΪ
ϣĳһ֮ǰƽ̨֮ϣһӰء
Ҳˡ
֮Ƭֻ֮΢һζʱͱ֮µķƺһԾ̼䣬ûƺ֮С

ҹġƽ̨֮ϣȻΪ֡
ʱľ˻롰ӡһЩˣҲ໥̸䡭㲻ҲԲ塣
ոմӾ֮ԾݣռԪõҩĳһȥ΢ͷӱԵУ죬ʶûκע⵽
ʱѾǰЩʱһֱʹõġǰĴӻȡԼƣǰġĴϵİ֮ڡ
ǡʱ𣬴Ż
ҿһ֮󣬱ˡС
롰ڣݺܿ˵¯ԡǵ¯һ֮һ
ٳɣ֮ϣежǴ򿪡һֻ֣һľߺġ߾ҶĿעǰĵ¯һĿ⣬ȫרע
䣡
һ죬ԭɫĵ¯̼䣬ȼܴ𣬽¯ȫ¯֮ϵ󷨣ȫȫķ˵¯ڲ¶ȣҲŵ¯ڵĻԾ
һû˿ɣһ֣еġ߾Ҷ¯Сֱݵľ֮£Ͷڴ֮С
Ʒҩɢʽʼƣ

ոա
ҩ
Ԫְأһʱ䣬һ˼ĲɵӡΧļʦֵܶǿУӼ֮ȴһ̸
ѾˡǰԪ˵Ѿ˵ɻʦ֣ӦԪ޳Ԫ飬ƺʰ
һ꿴ŲԶĿԶԪüԱߵʦֵǵ˵
ɲôѾˡɻʦҪһöƷҩҪ죿һ΢ֵĵ΢˵ͷ˵΢΢һ֮󣬳ɵĲ²᲻ᡭݣƭ˵ģ
ƭˣӦòڰɣô˵ԪҲǴ쾳ߣǰЩʱҲݣһ쾳߰ˣûôӰɣԱһ˵Ȼϳˣǵϵҩȡֵҩġҩʱɷҩġɽʦ֡
ʱʦֶ΢ֵӵĲ²⣬Щɡ
ҿûпܡһʼ˵΢һ֮ҡҡͷֻ쾳ڵߣʵȻ󡣵ǣɻʦ̨ġҪƭʦܵҩʱֻһ䡮ʧܡʱҪƵһɶʦʲô취
ɽʦ΢һ̫ܰɣռݣҲһЩøС
ߣĸƤɢҩǼֵơõмϣǽǶǼ۸쳰ʦһٶʱŵõЩֵôܵˣ˵ƷǶ㹻˵ģҡҡͷɽʦƲƲ졣ǶԪҩļֵǼΪġ


460 ļ
ƷļֵǿǼߵģͨĴ쾳ߣܵõһѾǼΪˡο
ԪˣϾ佣ڵŵӣݹȻͨŵһְȨȴǼִƵĵҩҩˮǳ㡣
ԣԪһٶʮʱۻôһʲƸǻɳЩŵӣ꣬ҲѵõһƷıһ㣬ϱܿ˶ǡ쾳ڡΪ붼һ֮صĸͳ켶ÿҲֻһƷ
Ī˵ֻһ쾳ڡǴ쾳ߣ£ҲԪİۻĲƸ
ô˵ĺпƭԪĿľЩҩˣ΢ֵɫ΢䣬ҺãҺáһ㡭
˵΢ֵӵһ䣬ûн˵ȥ
ʵҪ˵ʲôΧ˶һֻΪж뷨ʶҲûм
ֻͬĿ⣬ȴǳŲԶԪ˹ȥǱߣԪȻߣᡭ
⼸˵̸ȻܵͣùΪ쾳ߵԪ
ż˵ĻԪͷȴһƬ䡣
ĿԶ֮һ˿ȴǴ۵׷ɿӹ
ݡñʧ򡭡
ʧʲôʧ
ʧܵʧ˵ƭʧ
֪
һĨת˲ʧӰ١ԪȻԶĵȴš
һ졭

һλˡڣ֮ϵݣͷ֮ϲŵĺȻȴȻ侲ʣѾЩˡ
ǰİ˸Удҩʧֻʣһ㡭ӦǡûһΡ
¯֮ǰһԽڵɢŴ̱ǵζ֮Ѿȥҩζȥ
Щûȼĵطȴ˿һѽڵơɢĸҩĲȻʧ֮Ĳˡ
һ󲻻ŲæĴװš߾Ҷ֮Уȡһꡰ߾Ҷ
Ŀӹ¯ɣһꡰ߾Ҷ¯С
һɫâݵ֮ͫ˸ͬʱ˫Ҳ˲ǰĶһԪʶ֮۶ɵĹâƾոݵǰһӶϵӡǣ˲乴նԽҪƯߡ
һ˲䣬ֻһת޳ָ⣬ͻȻ΢΢һ㣡ʱǵӡǵĲλһʱƾճ֡ӡǣĳ֣·ĳ˲һ㣬˿ռ䣬˸ȴٶ
ȻݵĶȴδֹͣڽһöӡ֮鲢δжٱ仯·δһ㡣˫ٶȷɿԪʶ֮ٶȻ۳âӡıãһȻͬӡǣٶȸ֡
һһӡǳ͵һ˲䣬޳ָٶ赭дһ㣬һĵ֮ӡǣҲУ˸ݣȴҲٶ
ݵȻûб仯ָٶȱ
ָͣĽŸֲͬӡǣòݡһӡƾճֱ֣һ֮£С
һʱ䣬ǱȾһƬʮɫѤݵ⣬ǱӡΧһֻѾʮ
Ȼı飬ȴȻû˿ı仯Ψ仯ģҲüĴһ˿âԽ
ڣʮŸӡǳֺ֮ͣеĶ
ˣߣѾʮŸͬǲͬĽɫӡǣԾݵ˸ţĿ
ҵĽӡʱҪļ޷˲յʱӶʧܡҽЩӡȫȵʲôʱҪãֱӽӡ֮ɳһʱİգӦãҪɶˡɹʣӦûࡣ
ݵĿȻɣһǰ¯мƵʱ䣬һȴôһͷ
쾳ߣǶʶǿᡣ˵һİãǧôšһãʮõܹ֧ŵġ
ʶǷֻΪʮݣʮŷרԲӡǡ߷֣Ƿֱƿ߻򣬡߾ҶԼעŲҪʲôͻ״
Ȼô׵ģƷ׵ĵҩˣ
գѾ⡰ɢĵڶգɫ󰵡ȵ̫֮ʱǵˡ
ҩȻһûгɹ
ܸ֮еļعȻ꾡Ȼȴܲ˵ʵ̫ࡣ
һ㣬ݶʱİգʵЩе鶼ԡ衱ɢֲƷ׵ĵҩȻЩҩƲ롰ɢƷҩᲢۣ
áҶݡ˵ڻ㣬һ֮󡭡ûκμ¼ʱĶƾʲôȥжһӡʱ䣿ʣǾҪ顣
ԣһʼʧܡȻ˶ʮ֮ʧܼ¼ˡǾΪԡһӡʱգˡһʱնˣһЩϵĴȻҲ㲻ʲôˡ
ǣ⡰߾Ҷڻʱ䣬ǡҶݡᲢ۵ģл⡰߾ҶҪķʱʱ䣡
ʱ
һӣǺεȴĲࣿûκξ飬ûκμ¼ʽ£ܾȷĽ֮յȻƶϣҲܰյǰ㾫׼ɣ
ңǼ򵥵İʱ䡣֮УЩطҪݻ档Ǵ󣬻Сǲͣıãʣεȸӣ
⣬ֻǹ߾Ҷһҩǣ⡰ɢҪҩģ߾ҶڻʱʱҲ˵ʱ֮УҪעơ߾ҶĻ仯ʱ֮⡭ݻҪϵĽҩҲ¯Уͬʱƣݻ򣬼ʱ䡭
ֱ޷һӻһָӣûκξ£ţһ͵Ƴɹġ
Ͼܸģ֮пֵܳıʣȴǻģֻܸǸһΪ꾡õİ취ȻҪģˡ
һֲͬҩʱ䲻ͬҪĻͬ¯˳ͬںϵ˳ͬҪĽӡǲͬ
˶Ĳͬ˵ݡǸһˡɻᣬҲƳɹ
ԣεУʧĴΣʵˡ
ãݵ츳ȷǼΪˡѧϰǾˡ
һʧĴΡһΣʧڻĿϡڶΣʧʱƿϡΣʧҩںϡĴΣʧڶԽӡǵƿϡ


461 ַ
ÿһʧ֮ݶûżͶڶεƣǻᾲĶã֮ܽеʧܾ顣оһ
¯л汻ŵʱ䣬ǵ¯֮еİŻ໥֮Ӱ죬κһҩһѵ¶״̬ξȷƿÿһֵҩ¯еʱ䣬ʲôʱָʲôھȷʱҪۺϵֵ֣ҩںϣӰ쵽ҩýӡǣ
ȵȵȵȡ
ʧĴΣǴȡĴξ顣ÿʧһʱмͣʱ䣬
ɲԴһֻλᣬҪģǰĴεʧУȡҪʮΣʧ֮ܵõľ顣ڵν֮Ƴɹ
ѶȵģѶȼ
ûа취ΨΪֻܳɹʧܡ
ΨһγɹˣĴг뵽һļƻȥ
һΪؼһλˡ
ɹʧܣ
һ̣˭Ҳ֪

֮ϵݣš¯֮еĻԼҩȻ侲ʣߣԾʮöɫ죬ǳӯһɹӶϢӡǡЩӡǱʶ֮ǣУ޷
ǰ¯ڵĻԾͣʱʱС߾Ҷڵлķš
УݵָһһöܵĽӡ͵򵽵¯֮Сö֮һӨӨ⣬Ǹ˵¯ı֮ϡԵü
ܸ֮мأ⡰ɢƣһҪʮöӡǣڲͬʱ֡Ҳ˵ߵĽӡȫ֮Ҫʮöܴﵽֵ
ȻѾʼĽӡǣȴûżż
ʶ֮еʶȻޣʹõʶȴֻǡ쾳ڡĳ̶ȡʶʶֳֻܷʮݡ
ⲢǼޣȻȴܰȶĳ̶ȡǼޣֵʮҲǲԡ̶ֳȣȴ޷֤ܾȷƿصÿһˡʶһֱʶֵ֮ϡʮʶͬʱݣʱ侫ȷƿϣҪǿˡ
֮ǰʮŵ˽ӡǣֻߵƿػעͻ¼Ϊ֮ǰĵ¯ֻ֮С߾Ҷһҩˡ
ŽӡǵʹãҩͼͶ¯С뱣֤ÿһҩӵĵʶעƿʱ䣬򡭡ԣȱٵʮʶȴҪȵҩ¯֮гġʶӡǡ
⣬ʧĴ֮Ѱ취
ְ취Ҳֻݣڡ쾳ڡ̶ֳʹóˡ
ʶÿһÿһ룬ĸʱ;ûκģ룬˿ֲ
Ǵ쾳ǿߣҪšɢ¶۵Ѫɣ
ǣسֵĽ޵ġʶܡֻҪһ˲벻쾳ڡʶһֱȥ
ò˵ԣȷʵŴ󲿷˶󼰵ƣ

öӡǳŵ¯֮һûȻһΣȴŲüһһһǰ֮УʱһƴСѪɫ״Ʒŵ¯ȥ˲ûڼ䣡
⣬ǡɢеһҩꡱġѪɺ
⡰Ѫɺȥɷʮ㣬ʵȴѪմκһϵ
Ա⺣֮Уͨ徧Ө͸ɫɺ졣ʶѪʵζҷɫǼΪѵҩ
ֻѪɺ¯֮ݵüһʶʱ֮ͬʱӡû뵤¯ˡѪɺ֮ϣһӨӨǳɫâѪɺ֮Уһ棬ƾճ֣ٶ
߾Ҷ롰ѪɺǺԽصҩʱҩҪĳѪɺ¯֮ҲδӡǣȻһרעĵȴš
ʱ䣬֮Уš
֮УʣµļҩǿʼݵĲ£û˵¯֮УԴˣݿʼȫͶ
СĵţһӡǵûУ¯֮еİҩݵʶ֮УģһЩڻ
һΣ֮ϼζҪ˲١Ȼݵķѡȷ˵ġÿһҩʶȫ̹עΧĽӡǣĵֻʣʮ֮ݵٶȶӡᣬӡǣٶƾճ֡һֱʮ
ʱ䣬Ȼš
ҩʼںϡÿһںϣٳĽӡǣͬʱû뵤¯֮С
ҩںϣΪؼʱ̣ΪһҪյʮ־ȷʱֵҩںʱôһ˲䡭ˣʧˡ
ӡǵĴڣ̶ȵӳһ˲ʱ䡣Ӷɹʡ
Ĵʧܾ飬ÿһζܽԣʱ䣬ѾƿصļΪȷˡ
޾գһںˡ
ɢİҩ֮УҩǺҩ֣ҩһ֣ǲȵҩҪֺҩ໥ۺϡ֮Уųǵһں͡ڶΣҩں͡գǺҩ໥ںϡʱȴҪҩΪǣˡ
ʶÿһҩںʱ䶼ҪļΪ׼κһҩ΢һЩأֻᵼʧܣ
Сںţͣӡǡ
ʱѾΪǽӡǶԾһҪˣ
ŵ˵ûӡǣҪɹƳ⡰ɢΣ
ڣСԡ
ʱȥˡ
¯֮УҺһĴڡűȽϴ󣬻һСһЩ
ݵıǼ⣬ͷѾкҺ˳ʱûʱȥá
˫ֱõļѾ嶯һ˿ߣĽӡǣһһԭֻʣĽӡǣš
Ѿʮ˸ӡˡҪʮ
һӡǳ֣ݵ࡭
һںϣһںϣһҪʮӡͬʱ뵤¯֮УԼٶȣʵʵ֮ǰʮöӡ
˸Ÿʮĸʮ
ڣʮ
ڶʮӡǳֵͬʱ˫ͫȻ˵Ĺâ͵ĵͺһ˫Ȼŵ¯һӣ
ৣ
ʮӡǣ˲䣬ӿ뵤¯
ݵľһ˲䣬е۷壡ʮʶȻ۳һ޴ʶ¯У


462 Ԫ
ʢǱһͻȻĹâӳյӡ
ݵĶͷޣѾˮʪ͸ȻȴûʱȥЩɫһƬרעֱֱĶŵ¯֮У
ʮӡǣͬʱӿ˵¯ڡ
ݵʱƿصļΪ׼ӡ¯ʱ䣬ǡãҺӴһ˲䣡
ҩԽȻͬҩͬʱ㣬ҩ˲䱻ֻһ˲䣬ȻҪը
ȻڴʱǶʮӡǣȴǡøϵ
ֻһӡǽϵķֱҩ֮ϡԭȻ㣬ըҩڽӴӡǵһ˲䣬·һɾ޴Ȼѹһһ㣬ҪըƣȻһ
źӡǲͣĻ͵ҺȻǽĥȥ
ݵĿȻһƵ¶һĨϲɫ
ȻţȴһȻĶŵ¯ڡ
Һ·Ȼȼš
ԵĻ棬¶֮ߣǳ˿᣿һǣҺ֮вͣķɢǱƳ־Լкʣ
ݵĿĶѾںϳһŵҺӡǣһӡǴǻȭͷСҺ֮еͬʱݵ˫ͫȻһâ˲䣬ƺҪըҺ
ը֮ƣٶһ
ĿȻʵȻҧס
ʶѹļѹ
ݵĿѾʵʣˮĴ½ȫʪȻǲܲˣ˫ۣĶ¯еҺ
ԭȭͷСҺݵʶѹ֮£ȻĻ˱ը֮ƣ
ںϵĹ֮Уҩ־кʣ·ӿĵ֮ǣɻҽҺҲۿɼٶȣСʵ
ȭͷСȭͷСѴСѼСС
ҺѾֻʣĴָСʱ
ڣ
ݵĿȻһʵĹ⻪һͺһʶֱӣŵ¯ĸ׵еһȥ
˻
ʶӴǿ׵һ˲䣬һ޴ġ˻Ȼԭĵ¯һ˲˰װ׵Ụ̃
ָоͺ񡭡յͨľ֮ϣͻȻһˮһ㣡
ݸæվһ絽˵¯֮ǰֻһʱһŽɫӰɫŨ֮һ
һץȲһ
һĨ˷ܵɫҲѹƲסĴϣ˳

ɢˣ
۴˷ĶԼеĵҩƳĵһöƷ׵ҩͬʱҲĵһöƷ׵ҩ
ⵤҩͨѪ죬ȴľӨ͸ȥ֮ҪѪɺࡣҩڲһһ˿ߣɫ󡣶ڵҩı棬תһ㵭Ѫâȥ˼޵ĸо
ѹɢֱ֮ΪѪɢʵ
ϴżָп̲סͷһ¡
һŨҩУʶΪ֮һ壡ʱһȻƷ½ף֮ϵĵҩһ£Ҳ˾ٱ
ϸϸĶƬ֮һӻȡһմƿ⡰ޡĵҩƿУܷ֮֮СĵķŻ˻С
ûаæһ
΢Щɬ촽ȴЦ˳
ԪĵһˡͷŶȵĹؼ
ȻĲ϶֮лӻһգ˵ǸԪһΰ׹£ҪӳԶġ
һλˡֻܳɹʧܡǽȵʱ򡣱ϾݱҲֻһŵӶѣȲԪˡΪɻϵԪŻ
ȻҲ֪µˣ󲿷Ӧöǳֹ״̬ġϾɻǸʲôϵҲ޴ӵ֪ԼֻԼҲҪһ£һŵǲ㹻Ӱȥһ洫֮жλ˻ԼֶĹء
ԣһöҩĳɹʵ緢һźšݣǿԡӰɻᡱġ
ֻҪźűЩ˽յݵļƻʵʩˡ
񣬡֤ݡѾˣȵģǡ֤ˡˡ
¶ڴЦݣһװſеҩת뿪ˡ


һ
ϼ죬ӳ佣ڵı֮أҲһƬۼ֮òĿ
ԪıѾ뿪Լľ˳±ڵİ֮ϣмҴңü֮䣬ȴǴżָӡ
Ҫǰݵס
֮ԼȻޡһٶʮȴڵϣǳɹʧܣֻ򡭡ⱾһλӰ
ԪҲֻ֪ģЩˡ
·ԴǰɻᴦԼ޳Ƶҩ֮Ǹ侲ݣԪƺһ˲ʧˡȡ֮ģһľᣬ᲻Ԫ
ʣһԪԼļһǣȴ޷ơ
⾿ôˣԪԼ
ȻõĴȴԶһġ֪
Ĳ֪֪Ӻζ־ӺζǴӺζ
ѵΪȴ̫ãӭôһϣϣʱȴһֲʵĸоӶԼЩʧң
ôֲʵǴӺζɻ᣿ݣֻǡԼ
ԪңǰҲԵɻӦСԼҪһ𣬴ﵽһ㡣ʱʱ̶̿ǴһĲɵ״̬һ붨˯޷ֻܻᣬĵȵһȲͣĳȥ
ʵϣԪԼ֪ԼȲΪʲôΪϣǡֻҪһ𰸣ȻϽǸԼ񡱵ԪԶԶ˦
֪ãȻԪ顣
ãѾˡΣվҲҪһˡǺãǻҲһ𰸡ʱᡱļһӦҪ뿪˰ɣ
Ԫżֿɬʶ΢ǣ¼ӿ˲ӡ

еӵľµͱһЩ֮䣬Щȴ֮ϵġ֮վֻǿһۣ¶ҪŻ˹ȥ
ΪɻĹϵڷʱ򣬽ŵӶԣǼΪһָƺ֮ϵġ
ȻԵõԼǰƽ̨һҡ֮ϣǱϼȾԵۼƺƺ֮䣬Ī⣬ʵ̲סĿ֮С
һ֮һ̧ͷƽ̨Եİ˹ȥ
Ԫļ꣬ӦãҲ쵽˰ɣ
˼šͷأ۾ȴѾһ¶Цݡ
һӰ֮С


463 ͵
ԪȻԶԪĿľݣȻһ۾Ϳҡ֮ȻԵõݡ
۾ɵһҵ뷨ʱ߰˰ˡݾȻڽûʵĳԼǰôԷƭԼĿԣӦþѾС˰ɣ
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ݲڵóԼķ˹Ԫһ֮æ¶һˬЦݣ¼㣬Ʈݶݵļڳ֣Ѿݾǰƽ̨֮ϡ
ÿ۾һ
ǵǿߣʲôĲȥ˵ʵǲСġ
˵ԡײΪ粽֮ȴûжĽˡգúһС
ԷȴԼ
Ӻ֮ʼѾʼС򡱡׵֮ײ粽ҲŹâ
ֻѾ쾳𣬵ĸȴͣڵĸϡʵΪ̫֮࣬ûлȥ
Ѿֻּ轫Լķ뵽֮УҲͿˡҲٺķ̫Ĺ
¾Ѿվһ۳ЦŵԪЦСڵʦء
ңԪ΢һȻ·ʲôϲһ졣
һԼʱգҲ峿ǵˡһΣҲͬǳ˶ܸܵļꡣ
Ҳ˷Լļꡣֻǣϣ֮ף¹պ֮·ܲżأԼоһǸݵԪڴݿеõôһ˿ϣʱ򣬾Ѿʧˡ
ʦܼЦˡֻǡ¹պ֮ɲְ
ȻѾԷԼļ꣬ԪҲҳˡȴ¶˼ֿЦ
Ц֮ʦֿɲҪϰԷ󷽳ϣȴһЦ¹д£Ȼˡһʦֻ֣ҹﶼϢˡ˵Ԫգһ۾
ԪһʱһЦȴɶøˡ
ʦ֣˵ɡ
ձݱһĶԪһͬһԵľڡ
ڵİȻûʲô仯˷ֱ¡
ʦܣ顭ǳˣ
ȻѾ飬Ԫֱ⡣£ǴżڴŵĿݡ
һЦԪЦϲʦ֣ϲʦ֡
ˣһ飬ԭڴŵԪȻվΣɴ۾
ݵ˵ͷӻȡһƿԪͬʱЦŵɻʦֿǾȫˡݲһգվͷɹˡ
ɹˣɹˣ棬ĳɹˣ
ȻԪĿеĴƿһʱ侹ȻǴסˡ
֮˫ۣȻ̲ס⣡
һٶʮ꣡ͨһôʱⰡôʱ䣬ʵ޴֮··Ѿû˰ϣգաڣҪ
ˮҲ̲סԪл
˫֣СĴݵнӹƿеĴƿСĵ̬·һ䱦·һ񣬾Ҫƾշһ㡭
˷ܣָӵԪУҪһܰݣ
˵Ԫȴе̾һûаƲ˼
ָо޼ҵġүֺγˣݻļǵõϼü֮ʱԴԡү˷뼤һԴĸдǱīݡ
ʦ֣𣿡
ԪģҡҡͷĿڡ
Ԫ̧ͷмĿһ֮󣬲֣ƿ򿪡
һҩʱıУƿһöޡĵҩ֮ʱԪڻͽȻ
ݾĿԪķйеȴһ仰Ҳûж˵
֮󡭡
ԪͻȻݣصİݵڵأ
һȴݵϣæվסԷֱۣʦ֣Ǹʲô
ʦܣлллֲ֪ö˵ʲôллԪձˮʪ͸Ϊ˼֮£ûд\ʼס£ǲǿԷġԣصİݵ˵ϡ
һֻÿЦúúãһлСѾյˡʦ֣ô
УԪδ̧ͷˮմʪ֮ϣȴǸֳһ˿Ρ
Ȼһҧͷʦԭ£ԭԪС֮ģ
һȴ¶˼־֮ɫ
˶ԷԾΪΡ
Ͳ²⵽ԪԼֻжԼҲǲεġϾԼʵطģҪ˵Էٷ֮ٵΣǲйˡ
һֱĺⷽ⡭ȴû뵽ԪȻԼ˵˳
һ֮ȴһУԪ˼ֺøСӣԷҲĻԹĸԣǻˣõҩһл϶Ͼ뿪ˣﻹ˵ʲôΡ֮ĻԼԭ£
뵽идȴǼ
ٶԷϵСˡϾ¹պд£ݲòСĶԴʦֺα𣿡
㣿һ˵Ԫһ󣬶ʱӦ˹
ѣѵݵһֱԼ˼ʹĦ߰˰ˣ
һˣԪѵԷڲرİԼʱ򣬾Ѿ²ԼĲΣȻ˰Լ
һ˲䣬ԪԼܱɡ
Ȼٶȶ˵ʲôѾ˵ʦ֣ʦֵպʱջһΪСպ󲻸ȥ㣿
־û˼ֻǣԪһ⻰æڱ⡣
ǾȻԪĻ˵꣬Ѿٶȴʲôܺú˵ǵðȥʦҪһֱǾ뿪ɣСﲻӭ㣡
Ԫɫʱǵͨ죬Ƭ֮վǲٿܣݷ
¶ɫ˵ͷˣǰ鶼ѾȥˣͲҪᡣҪǡɢѾ֣ʦֻս˾Ļָ
ԪмĿݣݺݵĨһԼϵۣɫʦ֮ͬ죡Ԫˣպ󣬵ԪĪҴӣ
ն
˵֮ǰ˵ⷬԪֻǿͷ˵һ˵Ļô˴ʱȴķԷθ
ݿһ֣ԪͷȴǸпȻĹˣϸ˵ȷƭ˶Է˵˶ԷԶԷ̹ԼĴݱԵЩˡ
κΣⵤҩԼƵ飬ݻ治ܸԷ
뵽̾һϵ˵Щպ˵ˡ£ʦֻǸϽȥ֮˰ɡףʦ֣տ
ԪԣҲһһ˵ͷˣ¸ˣ´Σֻһݱı⡣ʦܣҪܾ
ݲδ˵ʲô˵ͷ֣룡
룡
תԪŴȥ


464 չ
ֱĿԪ뿪˾ŻּңңĽűպϣ˿֮ϣֶһԵĲ豭˳˼
ɢĳɹǿȡˡ²ƻȴûһ겻á
ɢƣݲδҪõʲôʵʻرģǳ˵Ρֻ²ƻչ
ǽɻͷƵƵʣȻ˹졣ɡʶƵٶȣȴҪһС
ңȻѾ쾳ҶԷòΣʵϻͣ쾳⣬ȴҲüǡ
ݻ룬īᱦ֮еڣѧһЩ񣬾û˿ĽǽտԪûʶ
ġ롰áʵͬĸ
򡱣ǡᡱ֪Ȼáȴġʹáˡһͣڡ֪Ĳϡһȴ֮ϣãʹ֮ΪԼĶ
ݻǺʱ򣬾ƾһ˿ˮ֮򣬿ʹ켶ġ֮ײʽֵ
ȻѾﵽ쾳ȻԷ÷棬ȴû˿Ľ
ײΪ粽֮󣬾û˱仯֮ͣں֮ǸΡʱΪϣġ˵ҲȻͣһս֮ʱĳ̶Ⱥ޴ĪҪ˵оΪ⣬δս֮ʹùġѩ衱
ϸһ֮ȴǺյķ֡Լ˷ﵽ쾳֮⣬ԼΪĶԷ֮Ȼͣ͵ֵز
һЩԴˡΪƾе롮߽ķǿǴ쾳ǿߣҲһս֮²ôֹۡһǲ֮Ҳǰ״
ݶͷ亹һ£쾳ǿߣһǴƴõʱԣʱʱ̶̿ҪԼԾԲ֡ΡˡòΡ顣һ쾳ǿߴӵС\ʼס
ǳȥ롰չõĻֻǱӵģֻпݣ
˼ˣҲסɫصվ
ݺƽĴ壬ʵϣϻżİΣڡŹͷ
Ҫټơ\ʼסʱͻȻֵġߡ

⵱еκһ˻ݿԿ⣡
ЩǿߣƺΪĳЩ¶ǣסϾѰֻҪһĵӣҲҪʼˡ
ݺɣͼ
ɫصݳһӣٱչһ󣬽ǡòΡȥУеմǡصеõġ
뵽ٲɣתͳšչҡȥ
ҪȡһЩر֮ǵܹʹãǿԪĵҩǶơ񡰱չءϣ
˵һʲôʱӡҲǵչ֮ˡ
ԼĪСʱ֮뿪˾ֱ˳壬һƫƧɽȥ

ȥչҲᣬ˵Ԫõġɢ֮󣬶һж£ȲģصԼľ
ľݶԣȷҪࡣĲ˵ǽ֮ϹŵЩīɽˮϵƮ֮⣬;ǳԴ֣֮֮ݼдװλҪ൵Ρ
ȻԪȴû̫ʱȥעЩűպϣ󷨣ֱչҡȥ
ˡչҡţԪٶòŵ֣ͳö˼ĺĵҩ䱦һ㣬ϡ
ŷѪɫһҩζġɢԪٶȼĻ˻֡Ҳ֪ǲǴ·ֻµζѾ˶꣬һ˿ˬ⡭
㿴ãԪѹס˷뼤
öҩȻɻʦġɢûаֲȻܹܲһȬʵڻһδ֪
һٶʮ꣬ʵ̫ԶһˡһٶʮԪƾżҩ֧ţȻڻĶ񻯡Ҳʵһֱڵ˵ԭ񣬽ƾһöҩ缲ȫɢ
֪Ĳ֪
ԣҪ˷ܣҪҲҪȵⵤҩʵķЧ֮˵
뵽ԪҧأĿ֮ӹһ˿ϣһڣеҩ̷ԡϥ˫ۣ˹ҩЧӡ
Ƭ֮Ԫ֮ϸֳһ˿ʹ飬һ˿âϣ͸¶˳

ԪȬˣ
գϢͬ˳һڳϴˡʶԪˣ˵ˡ
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ʶԪ˳ֻ̬ȡ
һƭ㲻ɣǰҿ׶֮дĿϲЦȥϾʦʱϾʦԷ֣췢֮£ԪԼ׿ڳϣм٣
ô£ҩ㣬Ƶġɢ
Լƣһĵʦ޳ƵĵҩϾʦѯʸʦգԪԥһ֮ȴʦֲԸԡҲ֪ǳɢˣҲֻɻʦ˰ɣ᲻ԪƵģϢ֮Ҳǲ֪²⡣
ܰɣǰһԪұԹҩѰҩܹ붯ɻʦְæơһֲ뿪οܳҩҪ֪ɢĲϣɶǼֵ쳡ǡѪɺʮöƷʯܹһݰˡĪ˵Ϊҩˡǣɻʦֿû޳ƹҩϼϯʦ֣ҲҪ㹻ıŻæơôԪ
⣬Ҳ֪΢һ֮ҡҡͷֲ²˵ҲһһɻʦƵİǳԻ洫ʦֶ棬ɲ⡣˿ԪҲǲܰ
ô
Ȼɻ󡭡
ЩЩʶԪϤԪȻȴ֪Եɵ˵Ĳ²⡣
ĳɹˣݣȻ붯ɻʦô
ȻЩ֪˸ԵɵǣһϢ֮һ֮ϣ¶˾ϲЦݡ̸Ԫʱ򣬶ҲЩĽ˼


465 ݵĹ
Ԫֻ˼ʮöǵͻٳöƷʯĲۡǲĽ
ﵽֲΣĸûһмĵҩǼۻͻƲΡҲԪƾģҪˡ
񣬵һзԪˡ֪֮ܶΪ֮ڡŵյһѰݰæģΪβԼɻȻΪˡôһοԡΣΣĴأ
֮˲١
ѾһҲ޲ȻѾ˵һˡô٣ҲҪڶɣ
ǣϢĵգݵľǰػػػ󷽵ģ˲ʮˡÿ˶ſں˺Щʱ򣬲Ѿ뿪˳ǰȥչصݣȻܳǿšԣ˶ǳ˶˶顭ʶߣҲղ¶˼ֿЦ
ݣһʱʮ˵ĿУɾ
ȻϢȻ֪˲٣չҲֻŵӵдɻ洫ӣǲ֪ġ
ԪҲֻһͨڹ¶ѡѾ㲻ŵˡ洫ӵĲΣǲ˼ࡣ
ԪˣڳϣٹͨûǸ洫ӻעϾҲֻΪһʰˣδ֮ϡ
洫ӶԣʵҪ顣ڰɻᣬȻҲֻϾ֮ˡҪԼϡŵӵ£һ򣬶ǳŵġ
ǣ£ŵӵдţǼ֪ԵɵĹ£ȴһֱѰšɾӡݣҪڶԵзˡ

ɾӡݣȻѾ뵽ԪƸԭ֮һЩӦȴδ뵽ⷴӦ֮졣¶ԣδʲôӰ졣ʱûʱȥЩ
ڸһĹ֮Уһµһ⻬ľʯ֮ϣüͷ΢޵˸š
չףײײݻΪ粽Ȼ粽ȴֻΪġҽӴ쾳ķ֮Ȼ粽̬ٴݻٶϣӦûм߲ǡ
а˼ֹ
ײҽ죬ײȻȻݻΪ粽ҵײȻΪĴڡףͬҲǿ֮֡ײ˲䱬ٶȣ֮粽й֮޲ġ쾳ײҲӦҪһ
粽ǸײݻȻײȴ粽ͬǵͨ㣬ȴָԵĲص㡣
ײ˲䱬ٶȡ粽ڱָƶͬʱĳԡڷϵ쾳֮޽ʶԷ÷ʽͣ쾳ļûиķ򲽷
ײ粽֮⣬С˵Ҳ޴ᳱϫ⵶ʵ̫Ƭ棬δᵽ衣ֻܵӵҵһҵǿȵʱԣʮֹԷǴﵽ쾳⡮ˡĹҲҪȥ⽫պԽսһ
ˡʵҪصеһ󹦷ԣݵʵž޵Чʱ߳һεԣҲЩɫ䡭ǣֻΪ״̬ݷǿȶͬնٽ⡰ˡʰϵٶΣ
֮⣬ǡѩ衯ҵȻʱʵȡ֮һʱʩչǿʲôطͬʩչЧӦҲͬ
ѩ衱ڳ֮ǰȻĲͬҲײ粽Ĳصвͬѩѩ衱һƮѲ⡭
ܿϧΪ̫⣬ʱķ⾳̫̫ͣƬǳʶѩ衱ûжʵԣ֮һЩս֮УҲûзӹó
ʵƮԴѩ֮Ʈ⾳˵ġѾ쾳Ѿӵһʱһרˡ
󱯷ҪΪ֧ţʽ޷ʩչĳ䷨ǡšˮϵҲвͬȻףµȴûа취乥ǿʱһߡ
пӰֻǺѧ쾳Ҫ֮칦ĳ̶ȣѡеĹ֮УֻһȭŹǵ뽣ƣǲԽ롮ˡԣγһɱС
һһ̵ţϵĸֹȱһķ
֪һ֮£ŷԼԷãѾͺһֵزǷּʱĵʱ򡭡³˽롰չ֮⣬ûֶˡ
뵽ϲ¶һΪɬЦݡ
һֱǹŹͷǸӡимͬʱмĽ䱸˭뵽ͷԼܰԼĹȻǶԷ裿ò˵ĺ̡ܷ
ʵܼ򵥣ǲ˰ڲˡǹŹͷǺĻǴ⣬ȴݴ˼ѹ
ݵʶ߾ߡùһǵܽܣڲ֪֮Уб˼ֶǹŹͷĽ䱸֮ˡʶĽԽ˵ҵУΪŬеһ
佣վס֮ұҪٶԼʵǿ֮ǰӵһԱ֮ң½˹һ󻪹ķ֮תƣǰϹһ
뵽˴ݳһЩ뷨һһԺ֮⣬󣬿ʼ

ʱ䣬ݶԷ֮УȻš
£һζ

佣ڣڸڣĳһҰ
һͷ۷ޡƻɽҰ֮ⲽС
⡰ƻͨ죬峤ףվҲ֮ߣ˵һȻͨ죬Ƥë֮һ״·֫׳һԴִԿ̽΢΢ɫ˫ͫɨܣͷżһͳȴɽֵͷ䣬Ȼаɫ˿˿ǡȫɢһΣն׺Ϣ
佣ڸ֮Уؾۼ֮أͬҲ˲ʵǿޣƻеٮٮߡ
⡰ƻǻԻޣ۷ʵԹΪǿᡣܴӿڱ֮ڻĻ棬ƽʱڿʺ֮еצӣǷ쳣ϽʯСǱһ¡ǵǿߣҲǷˣ
ͷƻʳҪǺ쾳һ׶׵һЩޡԣĵطʳȻǲȱġ
ɽҰ֮ⲽĿɨΧ޴ƶ䣬ȴ˿죬ֳͬһ
ȻʱͻȻͣ˲ӣеֱ͵Ļعͷһ˫Ұɱ¾ıӣĳһɨӶȥһ˿ΣУĸӦ֮С


466 ƻ
ĲޣȻ
Ƶ𣬻ҰԵһ⻪һһӰ·ƾվͳ⡰ƻ׿ĵط
Ӱһ֣ǡƻʱһ𡱵һͳ˻ͷ䣬ȫѪɫëʱĿ֮еľ֮ɫԽŨ⾯֮⣬ȴִżɻ
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Ϊɻһʱ䣬һƢ꣬ǿġƻûеһʱѡ񹥻
ƻ۷ԲޣԷƢ꣬ɱޱͱǿһ֣׵ޣڵǿһϳ̡ҵΪȻԶƾϵֵƣҲõҼչسɼʯ
ӰĿⰵ˸ͬʱа
ӰǱչµݣ
ԸԼڷ÷棬Ѿ˳Ľ˵֮ͬǰһáĲѾˡ򡱵ĲΡ٣оԼѾɹááĲѾ롰򡱵Ĳƽˡ
񣬱չؽҪһԼǷнõļ鷽Ȼսˣ
佣ڸ֮е޲ԣݲδķ̫Ĺ򣬾Ѱҵͷƻ
ƻڵ͸С֮УҲصġɫëƤͼ峤׵ףվ߶׵ףԶ۷ԲļĹΪڱ֮桭
۴һ˵⡰ƻǼΪѡ񡣼ȲԵ̫ͬҲǿȫûа취սȵѶ֣
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ƻٶȼ졭ǻޣ޳Թ֮⣬Ҫġǵٶȣ
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һǿҵϢ˲ԡƻϴܣͬʱƻǼ絶צӣҲ֮չ˳һҪץʵˣݿ¶ʱҪһצΣ
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ݵĿ⣬ͻȻ֮ͻȻЦã
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䡱ıըУͬһݣֱӺը˳ȥ
ϣֻݱըɵ壬ڿͻȻһ⻪ţԭĺɫ֮ϣһɫΧף
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ֻǿݵΣֱ׷ɳǧףȻǱء
ˣǹǿȻ壬ڵ㻮˰׵ľ룬ſͣ£֮ϣһ֣ݵǰ
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Ƕ۷ޣΪƥС쾳ڡĴڡ֮ǿȫܵġЩԴˡ
Щ۵ؿڡȻϵڵһʱٻˡ\ʼס
ԷӴһЩˡ
һغϣ֮Ŀ⡭ݣܣ
𣡡
𾪵ʱ򣬡ƻѾٶȳݣȥ


467 ֤
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ݼ״ҲǼһ˿ŭˡ\ʼסʱѾٱҲɣٶӦƻӭȥ
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䣡
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һΣƻݣǻһ˫˫Էĵ˻ȥ
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𣡡
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ֻ˫ͫ죬һԿڱ֮ж䡣Ȼ󡭡

һ׳ĳɫ棬ڱ֮У֮䣬ȻһŨķϢ˲䣬һƬַΧ׵ľ޴𺣣ݣȻȥ
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Χ¶Ȼθߣ֮УҲǴˡžը֮Ĺ֮ľҲ޻ȼ˿
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ȴҲСԡ족Ļ档
䣬С족ġָľָĳġ족֮쾳
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ͬĻ˵쾳ĻǾû쾳ĻͿ񱩵ģ
⣬ҲΪʲôġ硱ԽߣΪҲԽߵһԭ
⡰ƻǡ۷塱ޣ˵Ҳ൱ڡ쾳۷塱ǿߣ츳ͨķ֮ȻҲ쾳⡰סȻҲѰĻ֮ǵģ
ǿĳɫӭȻС\ʼס壬˼ȴȻС
ֻ֮䣬һâ˸𣬰˪ʱУ
⡰ƻԸöԷԼгɹ⡰ƻʵʵЩݵǲ֮޷֮⡣ȻҲô۶
ңҪһƾеսǿԷ̫࣬ǶԷǿ̫࣬Ŀġ\ʼס˪ܣٶȣǾ϶⡰ƻǡóƽġƾСˡ
ȻڷϣС\ʼסȻռ˱˵ġ
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ֳֳоâһţһһʱ̼û
طȻ١ţһɱϢڱƻġס濾Ŀ겻Ŀ֮У

һƺ紵Ķ֮УһƬʵͻȻ֮صͷΧ֮󣬱֮ʹУʮֹţһƬƬѩ֮У
սʱ˱죡
ƻһߣĽɫ棬׻磬ռ䶼ȼյŤԶĻ֮Уܴ
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ţ֮ȷд˵ⷶΧԼ֮ܣͲ֮ǰᲢ۵ġ
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ײƣ֮ҶѾԹˣЧΪϲˡֻѩ롮ˡĹֶԼ׹δԹùרеģ󹦷Сѩ衯ϡˡ˿๤ԡѩ衯סˣԡˡͣͣǿս
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ֻļ飬⡮ˡܴﵽʲôĳ̶ȡ
ĿȣƳˡƻһ֮һԺ֮Уһ˿ࡱ

һݣڵһʧ֮һΣšƻȥһΣջˡ\ʼס˪


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ʮȭ̫ˣһݵĵʮȭȥֻ´ʱ⡰ƻѾˡ
ƻ϶Ըĵһͷ쾳ޣʵȻͬһ㣬ͨ쾳۷Ѳ١ǵж֮䣬Ȼʹŷ򹥻츳ȣʵǡ
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ѹ֣޵硣ֻ࣬޵Ⱥ֮УĴڡܲ٣ڹغȺϼΪŽᣬ۷ȻҲ٣󲿷ֶУΪеĻֻӵеôһЩϢ֮أ¶Ҫʧȥ˰ɣ


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Ű˪֮ৼڡƻ֮ƿһӡһһ˸ŵâ˿ڷ˳ݵС
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뵽һ̧ͷ˿ɫ
ˣϢҲӦô˰ɣţʱˡ
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ֻǶ̶һ˲ݵٶȳֵʱѾս֮ĿСš\ʼס֮ȵǶ
֮û˿ȫϨ𣬷Żľʱȴͬһһ㣬һ桭
ֿһ֮󣬱㲻ٳɣһһƺâ̼䣬ʧӰ١

ȫʦáǺǣɰ
佣ڣ壬ݾǰ
һһŮĵӣﲻڶӿŮӣüͷ΢һ壬Ŀ֮¶˼ɭ֮ɫ
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ȫʦʦܵôǺǣˣʦһֱû֣пȥչأҲɣЦݺǺˬ漴ȴһ̾˵ңʦֵѾû취ȥˣôĵȴʦܣȫʦûֱȥɻʦֱȽϺðɣϾҪϸһ£ֻ¡˵ӿŮһۣһ̾û˵ֻߣȴһ˿ֻЦ⡣
һ˿Ц⣬ȻûжȫŮӵݶʱһ䡣漴ȴҧҧ촽ҡҡͷʦַˡ
ŶˡҩǰɣǰЩʱգʱǡѰ˼ݵѪӰȫʦҪĻǺǡȻӵȴһ̣ĿЦ֮ɫһ󣬿˵
ѪӰ
ԭͷȫŮֵʱ͵̧ͷӿȥ
һ˿Ц˵ͷѪӰѪӰıر֮ʦֵƣƺֻѪӰܹ˵ͣдżʹ֮ɫĿӵȫŮӣȴĻ
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ŮΪȫ£еΪͨɡ˶ˣǳϵҩĵӣҶԶΪʶҲ֪ԶȬࡱ֮һ
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Ů츳ѵıͲ࣬УԾɫģȻϡ١
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ȫ²ûţڵ佣ÿʮһεĴɽ֮ʣԽ佣ڵġʱʵ쾳ڡһĳ帺˵ģͨɡ
ȫ£ͨɱǱԷģ㵹ŵȫڵʱͨɴ֮£ܿı뵽˳Ⱥ֮Уһֱͨɶкܴĸм֮顣
һʼͨɻģԼжȫ¡Ͼ츳ɫŮӲңȻԼˣȻǲܷŹȴҲܵһŮһκΣȫȻимͨɣĸоȴǰָ֮顣ͨɶαףȴȫԾܾ
һȥͨʧȥģŰһ潥չ˳ǶʩչһЩ˵ֶΣȫ±˳֮󣬶ͨɵƢһЩµ˽⣬ʶĵĻֻѾĵ
ȫ¶ͨɵ̬ԽԽøԽԽ٣ȴԽԽ࡭ͨɣھȡǿӲʩ
ʱͨɶѾǡ쾳۷塱Ϊȫ쾳ڵΪ⣿ȫڳϸͨͨǿȫ¼ȫȻûаַء


470 ѪӰ
ۿͨɾҪóѣȫԱԪĶеʱ򡭡һ˳ˡ
ˣǷͨɿԵġʦ֡
ʦ֣ΪԨǱͨɸŵĵ֮һͬšϾΪɽڵʱѾǵҩĹ֮һ
ͨΪڼǰԼȫǴҩġĹҲΪͨӣÿȡٺʱ˵ĵҩҪ˿ۣȫȴΪͨɵĹϵȴܵõʵʵʮöǵ֮УԨע⵽ȫ¡
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ȻҩйͨԵҪȫǿʱԨȴˡ
Ȼ粻׽磬Ůӵ٣ͬҲһΪ飡ԨܿͨɽԼΪĶŮӸˣ
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ԣβԸԨǴȫˡͨɵģȴһӵԹŭ
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ͨرһԹŭһֱСÿÿԨȫ³˫ԵĳԼǰеĶʺޱ綾һҧ
Σִ򲻹ûжԷΣȻаٰ㲻ԸǧԹʵǰһж
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ֻǣͻȻ
ǰԨȫ¶뿪ɽţڰǰǻˡ˵ȫ£ŵģȴѾһϢԨ
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ȫ¿޿У˶֪˴𰸡ʱ䣬Ԩȫ¶ˣȻȥħƼ䣡
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Ԩȫ¶ˣ˵Ҳǰ׳գ֪ħƼȥá˾һֱڱԵεһ浱ʵһ棬ȴҲΪͱ
ǿħƼĸ䣬мǿµıء߼߽׵ҩƷؼ๦صϹϹʱھǿȵȵȵȡ
Щ޲Ÿǿ߷ӵ໥ᡣ顣
Ԩȫ¶˵Ҳʱ䣬һֱҲûгʲô⡣
ȻںӱߣвʪЬ飬ڰǰˡԨȫ¶ˣվ޷ǿڡ
Ľ۷尵ޣ
Ԩȫ¶ˣһ˲쾳ڣһҲֻǴ쾳ڡʵȡB쾳ڡġĶ֣
ʱħƼ䣬Ԩȫ¶Ҳջ񣬵ҲЩơһǡ֮˱ǵϵѡӴܡ
ȫѡȼеõǿƣ׵ġӡ׳ᡱɹڿշߡȻھǹͷĹȴѾˡ
ԨΪ˱ȫ£ڹһ̣û˿ԥȫǰܾȫ赲סһС
ǣ쾳ڵƷ۷޵Ķ֣һУԨˣ
⡰ڤǺڰмΪ񶾵һ֣ɣʴЧĽ۷ʩչǸǿԨʵһȥǵҪֱġҲһУʵһСڤȴҲˡ
ֻһ˿ԨǿѹơҪ˵Ƴ⣬ȴС
ȫ¼ļӳħצ֮󣬼û˿ԥǷɽš
֮飬ҲͿˡ
ϾõϢҲ˹ȥҲȷΪԨڵһʱɻᡣȫεĿ֮УԨʵʩһɻ΢֮˵һȫ¼Ļ
ҪԨڵġڤֻһ취ǾǷáƷҩⶾ
ⶾƷҩҩΪɣҶ⡰ɣҶɲô׵õġţҶֻڶƼ֮ңƷػ
Ʒϵػ֮亱̶ȿмͨҲȫ쾳ģԨȻħƼǽʱҲõһЩЩļֵȴߡΨһһֵΪ߰ġƷӡҲħצʱˡճһƷҩҩȴ
ȫɫɷףҡҡ׹
޾֮·֮УɻĻȴһ˿ϣǾǡѪӰ
ƷҩѪӰȻ޷ڤų⣬ȴʱѹơڤı֮ʮ֮ڲᷢ
Ȼֻα겻α⣬ȴȫµһ˿ϣ
ֻҪõѪӰܾԨʮȻʮ֮ҩЧһ޷õⶾڤĻԨȻһչһϣ
õĻʮð֮ΣٶȽħƼײһʹղ㹺ⶾĲƸ
ûκԥȫ½Ԩٺ֮Ͼ뿪ɽţȥ˴󻪹һм֮УȫҵǱȡơѪӰĲϡ
ѪӰϾƷҩԪΪ˳Ｏһɢҩķһٶʮ꣬ƷҩһѵõõȫԨȻðŴΣգħƼ˽꣬Ҫ˵˾ʹһöƷҩĲƸȴ̫ǿˡ
գм㾡УҲֻǿơѪӰĲϣ


471 ף
ݲϣǣҪ붯ɻʦƣȴҪ߷ݣһ࣡⣬ȴǺã
ȫѾ㾡ԼȫļҵԨȻһУǳۣȷܹ㹻ĲϡǡԨڻ״̬Ȼ壬ȡġ
˵ϾǿƽҲǲУǱȻҪ˵ԨԨѾǿ֮ĩǿƳֻὫ˲
ȫ²ûϾġԨǡϾţϵ˵ҲֻƽƷҩҩǼֵƣϾ˵Ҳó˵ġϾϾŵ˺֮ࣿҪ˶ϾҪҩϾ
˵ɻˡȻɻȷ㹻Ĳ׵óҩڰⶾҩҲòǡƾʲôȫ£
˵Щпᣬʵ
ȫжԡϾɻᣬûвԹ޵ΪҲһΪˡҪõʲôͱҪһЩʲô޳Ķףû˻㡣
ԨǡϾţ˵ǡϾжԨǷԨʲôɻᣬǸ߸ϵ洫ӣ佣ֿȵʦ֮һܿڡϾķԨϣѾǼĶˡƾʲôҪóҩԨϾԨҲʲôˣɻᣬǿġ
佣ڿɴȥˣδ˽˺֮ࣿѵ˭ɻᣬɻᶼֳֳ
ԣȫֻԼ취
ԪǾʶԪɻ޳ʱȴǡȥѰҲϣʶֻ֪µһģͲԪȫˡ
ʱȴǡøݳűչأǴˡ
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ʶصɽ֮кÿձ㶼ݵľ֮ǰֻΪ˵ȵɻ޳һȣһ¡
ԨѾļޣһ֮޷õѪӰȴģֻСڤȫ汬Ȼڻһ̯Ѫˮ

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ѪӰơѪӰҩҲơѪӰƷҩ֮УΪһ
ͨʱԼǰ˵һ仰͸¶һϢʲôĿģ
ͨվԭأǰ⽿ο˵ŮݸӵıɫɫУȴӿʹο
ˣ걻ԨһĴڵأԼĶѵŮﳤȥֱԹһ̣ǺޱĲ˳
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ȫ»һʱŭ˳
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˵ţ΢΢һ٣ٶչ¶һտοЦݣϾҪֲңҲż
ȫٶȻһŭı֮ȴ˼ֵľ
ûĲͨɣǡԨ
ԨжѾпˣȻһֱһƷⶾҩѹţǡڤѾʼѹƲסԨ˸˻ԡƣһµʱ䣬޷õѪӰĻôȴԨģֻ
ͨɿǰŭĶŮӣٶ¶˿οЦݣתٺһЦȫʦãһ°ɣʽףô㶼ǻİֻһ¶ѣͿԵõһöѪӰǺǣȻһʱ俼ǵġͨˣʱңҵľ㻹ǵðɣʦõٶÿһЩŶҵȲ𣬶¡Ȳ𰡡
˵ⷬζĻͨٶȿȫһۣ¶һοЦݣŤͷһ±ϵ
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ȫ뿪ͨɣĿ˸ŨԹˣҲҪŵҵĳ裡
ͨˣȫȴԭءı㲶վݵľſڣģһ˿ˮС
ģѾûа취ˮĴۿ䡭

ͷ£ƻʱݾǰվһȫ£Żе̧ͷա
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еŲӣͷȫһ̣·һʬ⡭

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ϵԼҾȥ·ϣһۣͿǰͷߵŮӡоŮϵϢʱȴ΢Ķ࿴һۡ
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Ůڹµһ˲䣬ˮʱӿ˳ݿͷȥ
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æԷϸֱһѴסֹ˶ԷȥĶ˵˵Ǹʲô
ŮӹڵϣȪӿ涵Ŀݣɫĳʦܣ㣬ȾҼҷ


472 
ԶʱЩ⡣˵ǿ߲ǲףֻ֮󣬻ûмһڷ򸾡
ȴǼƽʱæ˵λʦл˵ɷˡ
ʦǲʣ±Ͳ𣡡
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վȫ׼˵ȴǻִЦ˴ǽ̸֮أʦ
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ȫɫʱ΢΢һ䣬ͷʱЩ
֮Ȼ˹ҲǾԡղһĻǱ˿ʶԼ˿ɲ٣㹻˲²ˡ
뵽ȫɫʱ΢죬ݵıӰ¶˿Ǹ⡣漴һҧ촽󣬳žȥ
ѾһˣѾûбİ취ˡֻݡΨһĻᡭ
ҲһܷŹ

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ݵ˵ͷͬȫ£һͬ˾ڡ
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ţǸظŮӡ
жŮӵƢһЩж֮ſڣδ̣γƺʦ㣿
СŮȫ¡ȫæ΢˵
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΢΢һüͷ˵ͷȫʦ㵫˵޷ܰæݱزƴǡ
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뵽ݵ˵ͷȫ£ȴЩΪѵǡȻ˵ĳȴʵƲȫʦҡֻ£Ҳûа취˵¶Ǹ⡣
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뵽̾һ¶˼εĿЦȫµͷ⡭Ҿ԰ɡ
Ʒҩݻͦаյġ±չأڷշ棬ϵߡϽַƷҩĳɹʣѾа߰˲ϣ
ȫһӦеľʱ˾ϲ֮ɫˮٶӿߵ׵лʦܣлʦܣ
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˵ͣ
ȫеϲɫȥ󣬱üΣȻͷȫסֻҪʦܿϰңȫѾǧлˡɻʦ־Ȼ򲻾ȡ˵¶ҵЦݣͿɡҪҷȫ£Ҳֻȥˡ
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⻰ȴǹˡɻȻţʵǻǿεϡݵĹϵ˵Ҳһ㡣ݱչػȻûбҪܹȥк
⵹ݲ֪رֻԼɻУǲжҪġóȻţֻ»ҪɻĲӡԼԷء
ʲôˣ͸ʲôĽȦԷƱֻʵߣУȻֻһŵӣ쾳߰ˡ
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ȫǧлжݳ˸мл֮Ŵ˷뼤飬뿪ݵľҪȴģˡ
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ͨɻȻʧ˳ϢһƬŭ
վǰģһӡݼˣϳǾסԶһŵӣΪ˶һΪ쾳ڣݼ棬໥ҲкϤ
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˶пٵ˵ÿ˵һ䣬ͨɵɫһݣѾȫϣ̲ס΢΢˸һӴķѹ
˶ͷʱһЩĿͨɣͬʱԺ֮ͷҲļ졣
ȫʶģҲ֪ǰͨʦֵĹϵֻݡ
˶΢΢һüͷʵЩ벻סݣƾʲôܵӣͨɣȫ¡ЩɶǵҩĹ£šϾɽġ˵ݱҲɻɽҲûбҪɣѵΪɻ᣿
˶вȷ뵽漴ȴƲƲ졣
˭֪ɻľշҲԶ߷ݲϣһݲ࣬һݲ١ĳˣҲۡݣȻ֮ˣϱ洫ŵĿɶȥˣҲû˭һЩѵݣɻήԼļ۸ȥɣ
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ͨ࣬ĬĻ˻֣˶ٺһЦ֮󣬱ƨƨߵת뿪ˡʱУֻͨһˡ

һָͨɵȭͷϴ֮£ָ΢΢ࡣ
Ŀ֮¶ŭ֮ɫƬ֮ͷӻУȡһöȭͷСͬʱѪ죬Ȼкɫ·ʵ
ŹʵͨɵĿ˸ΪƻҺķ˴ĲƸŻôһѪӰκˣܽҵļƻƻԨȫ¡ǻ裬ҶҪֻȫ£ߣݣѵҾͲңֻҪҵĳ۱ߣݰҵĻ
˵ͨٲɣйʵٶȷŻԼĻУ󲽣Ŷȥ


474 
ԻݡţڵһξѪӰƵĻǿǷڵҩˡһȱģֻҩˡ
ڣڿϣһոճõƷһ֮󣬳š
ơѪӰҪҩΪҩҩУԻԼݡ֣ȴǡþǿڵҩ֮һ
ڵڵֱ̫꣬ӷգǻ˷ѽӽٷ֮ʮϵġֻҪһЩҩƣͿòٿ񱩵кΪƽ͵壬մﵽٷ֮ʮϡƷʸߣܴﵽٷ֮ʮϣ
йöҩ̺ģǷ޵ڵֻжƷڰˡ
ǣҪһһڵĳԣƵҩʵ飬ҲǼġ
ڷϵͨһεıչأ˳ĽǣҪ˵ֱӲ뵽˵죬ȴЩǿʶƷڵĵҩȴʺˡϾ޵ҪͬȼǿһЩǡҲһװˡȻյģҲֻаٷ֮ʮҡټݱ쾳۷Ϊȴǡ쾳۷ĳ̶ȡ
Ȼٱչһʱ䣬쾳ʱٷֱǡƻ롰Ѫͫáѵķ˷ѡ
ҩȴײȴҲһ취ҲûϵߵļСв켶ƷۡšȰȫƺ˵ҩҸǼһˣﻻӦòѽҩ롣һ棬ҲȥǼʶ
뵽뵽ԼϻһЩʯƷʺһЩľ;öһЩʮöȻʱΪûнӴߵмʶЩʯľֵȴǴӴ쾳ǿϵõĶֵӦò̫Ͳǡ
ҲÿԿܲҵɢĲϡ
뵽ݵı΢ЩĬ
ɢƷϵȵҩ˵ˡЩţȴʵʵڵӵС׹ǡĹЧ
Ѱ⡰ɢĿģҲȻΪ˴Լ
չô꣬ȻݲǵǸүȴҲ̶ܹ˽İ
ǹŰ֮ˣȻҪʲôүݡţǼ⡣
˵֮ӿȪ౨⻰Ȼƨоġ޷磬̶ĵεΡ
ֽžϣ˫ĿСһлΪݵԵʡݶҪΪ֮
һʼȻݵӡ󲢲ãڳϷ֮󣬴Ϊ룬ά档νĶⳤģ˭˲жȻû˵ѾҲ϶Ϊ֮һҶԷֲУҲ֮ʡô˵Ҳú˶Էġ
һ뿪޼ңǰ佣ڣȻһԭҪĸǿ󡣵һԭ򣬾ΪѰܡ׹ǡҩ
дԵõ᪻ŵĲ֮أǡ׹ǡЧҩĻᣬѰҩ飬ȻҲҪճˡ
Ҳˣ֪ǹΡ
뵽⣬ݵ˼Ʈ֮޼ҡ̣ޱƣ˵ǰһһӹ
֮̾һҡҡͷĿٶȱü
ɢƷҩҪҴ˵쾳֮ơ֮ҪԼʵġʱں˵ɡ
뵽һվת׼չҶȥ
һõ֮⣬ڷŬҲǱزٵ
Ȼ׼ҪǰչҼеʱ棬ȴһİĶ
ʦܿڼУͨɣʦܳһ𣡡
ͨɣ
ݵ΢һ٣¶˼ɻ֮ɫȻǲʶͨɵġ
ͷ΢һתѾ²⡣
΢Ƭ֮ݻתŴȥ
ָ΢ƴ򿪡һ죬ݴ˴š
ֻվһĿߴòΪͦӣվš
ǸߴһŴ򿪣ʱͿݣ۾һкˬһЦ¾ݣʦ˰ɣȻ氡һ˲ţµҩִͨɡͻأһС˼ʦЦɣ°
˵ͨѾЦǰӻͳһƿֱӵݵݵĸǰ
ȴһ֤ʵеĲ²⡣شӦȫ뿪֮󣬵õԼϢҲҪ֮˰ɣ
ţȴ΢΢ƣƿ˶ԷݹĴƿЦʦֶˣˣⶫ¡л˵롣
ǿͣҶԷֵ飬Ȼԡֶաв֪Է⣬óȻƷɲݵķ
յģҪայġҲǲյġУȻԼĵߡ
ƷСҪһЩʲô鷳ȴҲԸ⿴ġ
£ûҪݿԼٵľɲǿƽϺòʱɲ֦ٳһЩʲô
ͨڼݺƿԼϵĵҩ֮ʱȴ΢һ£ӹһ˿㵡
ȻƿҲʲô̫صĶֻǵѡҲֻ࣬ٿŰˡǣֶͨŵӶԣǿһʲСĲƸҪ㴢һʱ䣬ܵõݿһۣ˸ɴľܾˣ
뵽üͷ΢һ¡ʶĸоԼһУЩͻأˡ飬ƺԼеǰ׽
ֻѾˣϣҲ÷ˡ
̧ۿһһºЦݣ֮󣬹һЦãã潲潲ոͻأƷᱡʦۣܿҲ´Ȼһݺ񣡡
ݵ۽̫ߣеҩջ˻С
ݼ״Ҳ⣬ǺһЦ롣
룬룡
ͨԵú죬ЦУһͬݵľݾΪĻ֮ȻЦţֱ⾳Զˡ
ͨȴЩЦáͨͻأֱֵ顣ýż֪ԷȻ󡣵ޱ߼ʵϹȴǸʲô˼
ҡͷȴûôʱԷϹԷ˲֮λ֮ϣŴͨɵੲݣЦʦֶȻ²ģʲô飬˵޷ʦܰʲôæԵ


475 
ݵĿżɽȴͨ΢һ£ٺһЦ˵ʦܹȻǿ˿ȻˣʦҲͲٶȦˡóȻãȷ󡣶£ʦܾܰæҲֻʦܰæʦӦʣ±к񱡣
ݲɫȻ΢Цŵ˵ͷʦֵ˵޷
ͨɿ΢Цݣһ΢ͳһЩţȫʦˣ
ԣȴӹһ˿֡Էʲô˼ö˶˵ͻȻᵽȫ£ѵ֮£ȫϵ
ͷȴǵ˵ͷ̹Ȼȫʦյȷҹ¡
ͨ۾һĿⶢݵ׷ʵԷʦܣæɻʦһΪѪӰĵҩ
Ȼ̹ϵĵ˵ͷȷд¡΢һ֮üͨЩɣôʲôô
ͨæ˵ʦܴܰӦ
ݹɻͷܴӦΪΣ
ȫ¶ȻûиʦܣѪӰʵȴδƵҩҩͨն֪ɻʦһöҩҪ߷ݲϡʦɻʦֹϵƣȴҲֻܽķݲϵĳ̶ȡȫ£ȴֻƲϣ
ͨɿݣеɻʦгԭ˲֪ɻʦֹϵƵʦܲ᲻֪ɣһĳ˼֮⣬һǿɻʦ֣ҲҪ߷ݲϣܱ֤ٷ֮һٵƳһöҩȫȴֻݲϣƳɹ˻Ҫʧˡɻʦǡҩܳҩͷɾȫٻ˰Ҳʵ̫ɻʦֵͷŹһʦܡʦܱܿȫµۣŮʵ˼ȴǼΪ㹻ҩʵȴԸôΪƱҩһȻ͹УЫĳɼһߣ
˵ͨһߵĵԨ꽻飬һˣΪȫ֮ʡЦŮȺԨ֮󣬻벫һɥһұ֮ɫ֪ˣŮ顣Ȼƭʦ㣬ҪɻʦһӢһʵʦһʱӦ˴Ů󡣱ǲΪԼ룬ҲҪΪɻʦֵͷһ밡
ͨɿĭɣһߵ˵šǲ֪˿ֻ»浱˵ⷬġ
⻰ݵĶУȴǺ˵˵ˡĲ˵ǶԷⷬ飬ж϶Էʵˡ
ɻʦֵͷһҩִ£ɻжõĹϵɻͷаëǮĹϵƫ˵ֱ׳
Ȼ֪Էֻƭ֮ͨҲⷬ˵ݲšʵԼš
ʲôϵأֻҪһɶѡһѰݰæɡ˵ǲǣǿᣬǲ̫Σ˵ףﲻǿԼĳ빻ܴܲݰˡ
ҲµƶϳͨɣӦõȫ·оɳġҲΪ˱ȫ·򸾡
뵽΢΢üͷȴȻ˵
ͨһֱ۲ݵ̬Щ֮ȻǲɫȴͷЩֹѵݲδԼĻ֮
뵽ֻӻȡûѪӰݿЦԨ꽻飬ˣӲɣķ˴ĻһȡöѪӰĿģΪ˾ԨˡȫȴƫҪҵĶұһֱڣû룬ʵѪӰȫϾ롣ԡ
˵΢΢һٵֻҪʦܲӦҪѹҲֻȥռҩʱټٿԷֳķݵġѪӰͿԴɻʦְٷ֮ƳɹĲϡ
ȫʦܸ˶ٴۡ˵ͨɺݺݵһҧ˫㣡ʦܣΣ
ͨɵĻѾ˵ļΪˡ⼸俴ǽĿģԼԲ֮ǰĻʵȴڸݡΪ˱ȫ£ͨѾķ˴۹öѪӰʶ࣬þӦˡһõ˸ĺôǻܳΪѡ
ǲʶ࡭ķ˴۵ңǾԲʹưոݵģʱɻ̨ͨҲ׷Ź㣡
һõǽһ¯ࡣһˣ»޷ײ²⵽ԷͳѪӰԼ˵ôһ䱳ôһЩġ
ͨ˵ⷬڴĿݵ۾жһЩʲô
ڳĬƬ֮ȴ¶һ˿Цݡͨ۾һͷ΢΢һɣҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ȻݽĻȴЦݶʱӲϡ
ԭʦǰΪԭ򡭡˼ǣСܷѾȥɻʦֵľˣȫʦ߸ɻʦ֣ȫʦ޳ȫʦҲ֪ҩ顣ɻʦڿƬ֮ѾӦԡ
˵¶һ˿εЦݵʦ飬޷ˡ
ʲôͨɻվۿݵѾ֪ɻʦ֣ʦҲѾӦˣ
޹ĵ˵ͷ漴۾ͻȻһҲûת
ͨԭȻɫһ仰ٶһ¶ڴʦ˵
ʦǵȫʦҩ㣬ɻʦ޷ƳѪӰ޷ʦְɣȫʦҩδ£ɻʦҲֻǴӦˣδõҩʦµĻֻҪʦֽеġѪӰңתɻʦ֣ǽԴϲһȫʦĳıȻʧ㡣ɻʦֵͷʦָԭļʴһգýʦٵȫ˲⿪
۾ıߡ
⻰ȴͨԭ΢¶ڴ飬ýӲ¶һ˿ŭ
ѵǰһɵСӣԼ˵ⷬȻˣ
ڴɫֻͨ޵κһе쾳ߣֻ¶ԼĻ֮ɣá
뵽ͨɵ֮ϣֳ˼֮ɫ
ȥȻʡͻȻɫĻԼȫʧˣ
ͨоᣬԺ֮УȴͻȻ뵽˵ԼԨһĻڵأȫﳤȥΧͬŷ̼ڽ񡣽ģĿ֮У¶Թ֮ɫ


476 ﲻ
һԾĹ۲ŶԷɫԷ¶ʱȴЦһԷȻȫ·г˵ǰһ²ΪʱǱɫˡ
ȻɫѾ㽫ɵСӵĽɫݵˡ
֮ͨϵɫڱţȻģȴǻָƽֻ۽֮ϣȴһ˿ݡ
֮ǰЦݣƳһ۸ǰݣͳĻ³
˲˵Ҳ˵ʲôһ仰ң߲ҡ
Ŀ䣬˸˵ѹݣң㽫õĺôҡߣȻɻʦ֧ţңҪʧǧַ㣬ˡ
㣿һãȻ²ѾӦʦôֻҪʦֽǡѪӰе顭
ˣ
˵꣬ͨѾһֱ֣ӿںȶݵĻĿŭϵѹԽԽʢĵҲɵǼɵȻһ֮⣬Ҳֻ˽ңȫ£Ԩгԣ͵ڸԡҺķ˴ۣŵôһλᣬκƻҵļƻҪƻô˵ãҲֻá
ô
ݵĻȴͻȻͨɵĻݵͨ΢һüüͷǰݣ˵仰֮ԭЩãȻɫһ˲ʧ΢ü֮ȴƽķһ䡣
̧ͷ΢ЩȻͨɣĿ䵭ʦҪ֣
һ仰ȴµͨһʱ䲻֪˵ʲô
֮ڣŽƵġƣƽʱƺֻһرŻáе佣ڵӶֻ֪Ǿеһܰˡ
УרŷЩͼ֮˵Ĺܣ
佣ڵӵİ֮ǾڶȫĻ佣ڵĵӣģ
ϵΪҲǲƵġȻͨǡ쾳ڡΪҪ֮нݻɱȴҲô׵顣
ֻҪͨɵԶеʱҪסȻ˶ֻҪһʱҪִӵĹע
ִӣǿǿƵĵطΪǵǿߣ
洫ӣҲھ֮ɱŵӡοһҩִ£
нƣֻĳһ˶ʱŻֻס֮ˡʱҪκεУͨɣֻ·һ
뵽ͨɸŭգǰͻȻõĮ֮ǰһݣŭҧԭ㶼֪
ݵƳͨһۣüͷ΢塣
ʵͨɵġô˵ԷҲǴ쾳ڵǿߡ
ԼװɵǲԸֱʲôͻȴû뵽һղɣֱҪ֣ȴŵЩ̫˰ɣ
ȻԸ££ͨ˵Ҳһ쾳ڵˡеĹҲƷǼԼһЩƣͲؾ
ʵǵĻֱһʶʸȥɱҲˣԼ쾳ʱͻɱ쾳ΪĴڡûʵԽǿӷԽС˰ɣ
Щ죬Ƴ˶ԷһۣĮ˵ȫʦĶԹΪΣĳ֪Ҳ֪Ǹ˱ǣŭĳĳۡĳֻ˵һ䣬Ūˡ
Ҫ㡣ȥˡǲС
ûʲô£ɡ
˵꣬һ䡣žһȻ󿪡
ͨɵɴ۾ŵĿǰıҪ׵ݡһŭ𣬴ĵֱͷҪը
ʲôǰΪ쾳ڵļһȻ̬ȸԼ˵Ϊ˭ֻȹϵһСӶѣѵΪԼŶģ
ͨԽǿԽŭݵ񣬷ŭ֮УŨɱ
ããһݣϷǿˣ
ͨĶݣŬѹؿڵŭԼһ̲סһƾ˹ȥ
Ϊɻ㿿ɽΪԼǸˣããյĻϷҼˡӽ㣬þͲҪٳš򡭡
˵ɱĶݣϷ֪ʲôˣﲻģ
һӣͨЮһŭŶȥ
ˣ
źݺݵıպϡ
ԭλϣüͷ΢塣¶һ˿Цüġ
£ȴҪҰڽɼ˵ģɣ
ֹһ֮վҲ¶һ˿޵ɱ
Ϊȫµ飬ͨǶɱˡ
΢һ۾һ˿ɱʧűչңȥ

峿ȫľѾݵľ
ʦܣ顭Σ
ȫ½ڴĿǰݡһҩװһЩС
¶һ˿ЦݣֵҲ
ȫ¶ʱȻվΪһԲŵĿݵ棬ɻʦ֡ɻʦ֣ģĴӦˣ
΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ȫ¶ʱ죬ϲĳҭҾ֪Ҿ֪ء
ҭãͻȻһӹݵǰʦܣʦܡлллл
ѾЩ״Ρ
ݼǰȫ£ȴһһŮӣҲЩáȻ˶һ쾳ڵǿߣҲֵá
Ȼͨɵвݵп治ʲô¡
뵽̾һЦŷǰȫµܰæҲǼΪĵġԺʦɲ¹ˡ
ȫ¸мĿݣˮѾ˵ֻͷжݵĸмѾﵽ˼㡣
ˣ˵ҩѾ
΢Цѯʡ
ţšˣˣȫæҲһᣬеҩݸݡ
ݵ˵ͷһȡ˳򿪼һ顣
һҩʱ֮˳
ݼһ֮ȴЩϲķ֡ҩǵûٵģжġ
ѪӰֻ֮⣬ҩȻݣǡݡ֮࣡
Щȵ̧ͷȴֻȫµһ죬ЩȻĵѪӰʵ̫󣬱֮ϵܺ϶Ҫռҩʱÿֲ϶ռ֡ΨѪӰֻõݡ֪˵ıҲЩ
ȻĳɹʣȻһЩġ
ɻʦȻӦƣܷɹ͵Ŀˡ
Ȼ֪ʲôȴҲܸԷƱֻ̾һ˵ȻɻʦִӦ˰ƣȻᾡǡΪҩķʵ̫٣ɹжߣȴǵÿ⡣Щʦû˼׼


477 ɱ
ȫɫȻĵ˵ͷȻѡʦæҾѾⷽ׼Ҫҷȫ±زֻǡ˵ϸֳһ˿ǸĿݣΪҩĹϵеĻѾ⡣һʦæȴ޷ʲô񡭡ʵǣԲʦˡ˵ţһϹ
ȴǲЦЦͬΪͬţʦ˵⻰ȴǼˡ
˵΢˶٣һʦȴҪסйɻʦ飬ǲҪŵĺáǿܵĻʦȬ֮ʦʦʱ뿪һʱ䡭չɵġ⡭Ҳɻʦֵ˼
ȫȻ飬ûκγɣͷֻҪҩһ֣ϴŷ뿪ڣ֮ٸáɻʦִκεš
һȻá˵ͷû˵
ȫ¼ݲ˵ԼĿҲѾﵽһݹˣȫ¾ʱˡһУʦˡ
Ե˵ͷ֮ʦ˴Ϣɡ
ȫԣ˵ͷݸ֮󣬱ת뿪ݵľ
ֱĿȫµӰʧ֮ŵͷһԵĲϣ૵⵹֮ϲû뵽ҪĲϣȻô࡭һвϣӦѾˡ
ԻԼݡ֮⣬ļҩݶòŵġǣֻҪ֮ЩҩȥмϽӦܽͬҩġʱöġϡӦòˡ
뵽֮Ҳֳһ˿ϲɫ
Žҩװغáתص˱չС
ڻ峿ȻҪȵ֮󣬲ŷж

˵ȫһϲɫ뿪ݵľ
ͨɵľ֮Уһ˶ͨԸõϢ
˶ǰһŭͨɣһ£Щ֡
һղͨɱգƺӵıŭˡ
ǡʦСܼݣСֿܱһǿȫһϲɫдżĴݸ뿪֪ʦӦҪ֪͡
ݡݡС֣ȻĸҲҷУ쵰쵰
ţͨɷŭ֮˶ĻɱȻĻȴ˶΢΢һͷһ
ݾʲôݣͨ⻰˼Ķǳ˱ģȻݱɻӰӣͨɱҲͬšϾӰӵİͨɵʵǿ˲һǰ㡣ĶԷ͸Ҽŭ
˶ʵ벻ס
洫ŵģſɽյӵʱƾԼ츳ġʶ̫洫ŵͨʲô
У洫ŵˣǶпɽġе֮𡭡ȴ޷˽
ʶͨɵŭ֮ԺȴǰԾ
ȻԾԾ˶ȻһĵЦݡ飬ҲˡһҲûеǰͨɣɻΨһŵݣǴھƵġ
ͨȻŭգŭ֮һžһһƿϡ
˶۾һæ˹ȥ̵ллʦ֣ллʦ֣
ͨĿĿ˶ҧгݵĺܺáҼݣκһ˿һ춯Ҫڵһʱң֪𣿣˵ţϷһ˿ѹ
˶һæĵͷǣǡСܼˣˣ
ͨźݺݵջĿ⣬ȥɣ
˶ٶһæһת첽ȥ
ߵſ֮ʱȴˡžһд뵽֮ǰϵĲ豭󣬱ȻѾƬˡ
ȻͨҧгȴɱݡϷɱ㣬ĲΪˣ
˶һ첽ȥ

ͨŭҶҪɱݵʱݵľȴӭ˽յĵڶˡ
ʦܻҲ֪ʦһʵڲ˼ѵʦʦֵλߣֵô
ԪһõĿݣ֮дԹ
Ԫղֵ࣬һҹн֮ϰԵԼľǰһʿѾû˵ʵɿĸоԪԲѡΪڷɿĻָš̶µʱѾӴ쾳ڣָ˴쾳ڣ֮ٶȻŵʱ֮
ȫµľԶ֮ȫҪؾҪ·ľǰʶȫ·صʱȻǿˡ
ԨҲǹϵƣΪлѾǡɢʶԨˣҲ㡣һȫ£Ȼ治Ҫѯһˡ
ȫܹ֪֮£Ԫ֪֪жݻϢ֮⣬֪ʶ㽫Ϣ֪Ԫ
Ԫһ֮ﻹ̵ˣ
֮ˣݶνͬ죬ͽΪε֮һһԷû˿ԥȫºһ֮ͣĸ˹
һţõԹˡ
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м֮ĻȻǲȴδѯݵȥ
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ҩָȻͣδκμӹҩȻҩȴƳˡƷҩȻͬΪƷеļֵȴ˰ٱֹϾƷҩҪƳɹǲסҪĵҩǼࡣ
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һԵҩϣҿ˿ȷûʲô֮תűչȥ

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ݵԺ֮вͣš֮վšչҡȥ
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չ£һֱûлس塣ǰҲ죬Ҳ㲻õĶǵʶʳãȴûˡ


479 κм
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ͬʦֵܣ໥֮ûʲôԹ֮ǼҲݽãһ̸ȴҲʶ
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˵΢΢һ٣Ц佣вٵˣҲʱȥĶ䡣ҲǧһأҲҡԶ
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Ŷ۾΢΢һ佣ڵϷ
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գһ۾΢һüͷ漴˵ͷţҲǲԡɻʦֵĹϵȻŲһ겻Ӧǿȥġ
΢ЩɻôŻĹ涨ôһʱ䣬뿪ţ
ЦЦ˵ͷţҲڳڶЩŵӱһ뷨涨ʮ֮ڣǲŵ뿪ġɻʦֹϵֻҪɻʦֵͷ洫ӵݣǿȥġ


480 ŭͨ
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481 ɱ
ͨеɱⲻ΢һȻһĿ˶˵
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˵ţ΢΢˳ȥ
ߺǿɻȴ̧ͷüѾʧ˵ıӰƬ֮Ŀ¶˼Сһ˼ϴμ棬쾳ڡ̶̲һ꣬ȻѾ쾳ˡ˵Сһ»˵ˡ
˵֮ȴҡҡͷҲ⡣е
ţɼĶˡҪɳֵùע˵ûгɳġʲô

뿪ɻľȴüͷ
ѵҪǰϼȥʦ֣
Щ
ǵβ׼ɽǵԼһȥֻҪ֦ˡ
ϼϵ佣ڵ˿¶Լǰϼ壬˶ʶԼġУһϵ
Լ飬ǻ֪ԼһȥȻͻЩ˵ĹעʱһǡԪĹעԼǵ鷳˵ֻεĴҲúܱ
ȴȴҲʲô취ѵҪȵʮ֮ɽ
ҡҡͷ˵ÿһһ붼ڣǳԨߣӵҵƺΪĳԵɶʱû˭֪ʲôʱͻȻͻϮԼֻԱǲ㣡
ʱԭ򣬻ǹŹͷ塣ǲ֪ǹŹͷѾⲻٰҡ򡭡
뵽ݱѾ˾
ȥ
һҪڶʱｫԼʵȥ򣬵ȵЩϲپǹŹͷʱֻ¡
뵽һ󣬳ųɽȥ

뿪˳壿
ͨɵľ⣬һ·ȴȻ԰׵˶վͨɵĸǰŸոյõϢ
ǣǵġ
˶æĻش
֮ǰ뿪ͨɵľؼ㻻һ·ǰɻס׼ȥżݡߵϣԶĿݵΡԷųȥ
һ·βŶԷµ˰ɽŸȷԷ뿪壬ȥƽ̨
Ѿµ˶ٲ˿ĳɣɿͨˡ
ߣȻҲ
ͨɻȻվΣüɱ⣬ʱ˿
ѾǺ֮ˣɱ֮أȵԨɱ⻹ҪŨ
ϾԨô˵ҲšʶǽԷͬһġȻݣŲһ꣬Ϊǵ΢Ȼа壿оһܴĸоʶɱӵŨ
ʦ֣ɫ԰׵˶һڿˮ
ͨбһۣӻһƿ׸ס˴ƿ˶΢һ
Ϸ˵͹һĲȥɡ
˶һ֮ϸֳ˸м֮ɫͷлʦ֣лʦ֡˵꣬Źȥ
˶뿪֮ͨվӣĿ䡣
ݡߣ
һ֮˶һӣŶȥ
ѾҪԶ֣Űɱˣ

ϼľ벢ԶȻҲ
ǰ죬ȻС\ʼסȴҲ˹ʹáֻʹõ粽缲۰ĳϼȥ
粽ͨµıչظܣȻǴԵĸӦ֮£ֻ¿ʮֹ
Ȼһεķ֮ȷҪȵһεǿ̫ࡣ


482 ϼ
Уܵٶݲٶȸп
ٶȣĪ˵쾳֮пֻ֡´쾳ǻԻ߷ԣԣֻһˮסߣҲ׷
һУһСʱ
ǵ粽Եĸƶ֮УҲֻСԡ֮Ტˡ
ϼ޴ɽ壬ݵǰ
ҿ˿֮һɽ֮ȥ
ϼأ·ˣֹʾƣ
ɽ֮£׼ɽʱɽ¥֮Уһ
£ֳֳĵӣ¥֮У˳
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佣ʮ壬ÿһ嶼бΡڵĳ塣ҪɫǺɫҲС
ִԼҪҪ⣬ʱ䣬ûʲôҪġʶһֱԼһЩδǺɫĳһΡ
ϵ·Ȼϼ·ɫǡɫˡ
λʦ³ݣʦ֡µơ
΢Ц΢񣬶佫Լȡ˳׸˶ˡ
ݣ
΢һһ˽ӹơӡ΢һ顣ŵ˵ͷû
󣬽ݵ˻ȥüʦʦ֣
΢΢˵ͷ΢Цǡʦоɣݷá
оɣ
һͷ΢һ
ϼϣ洫սѾǹ˵顣һЩϼŵӶҲδҴȻһЩʲôȴ֪һЩġ
԰ǰ֪һЩʲô飬ʦֵ˾ϵһЩһЩɻʦ֣ͷϼܡѵɻʦʦֵģ
ͷôһ˿Ʋ֮󣬱Ҳٶ˵ʲôͷԭˡȥɡ
˵ţÿΡ
ϼ洫ֳ֮ϵ໥ȻȻҲӰ쵽ŵӡ
ӰϾϾÿһŵӶǿ洫ŵġĴ󲿷ŵӣġ
ǰλɽŵĵӣġɴɽŵʱ򣬿ϼġԣһɣԪһɵˡǶǵﲻġɻ֮ˣȻҹ档
ݲԣɫȻûʲô仯һЦֵ֮лʦ֡
˵꣬ǳɽ֮ȥ
һϼǳġ񡱣һȴǲУͬ
ֻϼϵľԳԣ˼ֹȣȴ˼䡣
ɽˮ׺¥İÿһƬݣеһʡ
Ȼ֮ɫ졣
ճ񡱣ǵεľġȻδУϸĵǽǵط
һ·ȥȴǲһ˿쳣
Ȼϼʵǰ֣ȴҲûе˵ġڳ壬ǲʶĵӣܻ֮ᱨһ΢ЦͷϾͬţʲô϶໥֮ȻҲǻһЩøеġɴڵ岻ΪôʶŵݣҲڶʱʶٵˡ
ϼϣԱȻ࣬㻹Сֻ໥֮䣬ǲûʲô̸ʾ⡣ݷ˲໥֮仹żֳơ
ӣϼϵϵѾˡҲ֪״Σ
вš
ƾԺеļ䣬һ·ϡ仹˲ٵˡݲǵӪʶޱĲδóȻǰк
εľڣȻ洫ӵĵ̡һ·ϣҲ̫ٶȣʶķʱϵϼϰ塣
Ҳ׵չʶѾһ˿һ꣬ȴĸоһɹǿ޵ϢţӦϼ洫ˡ
˼ݱһ·򣬶żεľȥ
Ǻˣ˴
Ȼ߳ԶͻȻһȴ
ͷʱһæŤͷȥ֪ʲôʱѾһӰ
ӰֵļΪͻأݸû˿Ĳ
洫ӣ
ͷһʱ֪ǰ˾ԿĴڣæ³ݣΪˡ
΢һ٣ͻȻϳǰ֮ˡ
ʦ֣
ǰݵϵϼ֮ǡϼǰ洫֮һ
ϡǵãʱ洫ӣһǰλһΪ߾ˡʱΪȣʶӰ켫
ϵң΢һüͷƺδϳ
Ҳǣʱݲֻ쾳ڵΪȴѾﵽ쾳ڡдҲֻһ֮ԵȻ䲻̫ˡ
ʦѵˣһǰϼ߾ʦְأʦһ𡭡ݵҲΪ⣬֪Լʵ΢Է䲻ѵ
һǰϼ߾ʦ֣
΢΢üͷƺڻʲôƬ֮ɫͻȻһݵǵʱʦִǡ
ݡݼԷ΢Цѵ
Ŷԣݣ˵ͷԭЩɫʱҲ˼֡´ݵҼǵϴʱֻ쾳ڰɣһ겻˵΢΢Щ졣
ͷ˼Цţͻˡ
ʱһڼ𣬵մʦֽݴʱ򣬻רᵽš֮˵ʱʵԼҲڴģʦֿеġšһ֡š֮Ԫ׼Ƹ롰洫У֮ݱʧټʱԼΪǱʦͳɽţû뵽͵˳ȥô
ͷ˸ɻʦֵĹϵǻǺġ
ٿݣһţ
һ֮ڣͻײ㣿ɲһİ
뵽˵ͷɻʵȻѾ˳ˡˡɻʦģҲ²
Щɽŵĵֻ֪ɻʦֽƵȴ֪еԵɡΪͬһϵ洫ӣ֪ԵɵġҲдʡ
ݲ֪Եɣ֮Ҳûж룬һЦǡʦġ̹Ե
һüͷ漴˵ͷţɡҲҪȥʦִ
˵ţݲ˳ȥ
˴·ȻٺòݵһлǸ


483 ε
δ̫ãˣһ֮ۡǰͣ
һ޽ɽ·ĸۡݻ̶ȣ֮ס¥Ҫߵ̫ࡣ֮ȣݵ¥µéݣ
洫ӵĴ֮ŵӣȻҪǿ̫ˡҲѹ֡һŵӿǧˡ洫ӲŶ٣ңǲɵִҲ
ЩпѹŵӶҪΪ洫ӡԴϵĲ𣬾㹻ŵ֮ˡ
ȥɡ
ۡдţƿ֮һ޴Ժ䡣ݸ˽ȥͬʱĴܡ
Ժ伫Ժ棬һӡ
ΨһһᣬȻݻĳ̶ȣȴǲ͡ϵգûɡ
ʦ֣
һԺ䣬ǸĺһʱͼԭպŵĴţĴ򿪡
ɣ˭ɡ
Եõͳӷд˳
ݵɫ΢һЩɻеĲε֮УƺǴż£
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ǺǣһСѡ
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ݣһ۾ȴһݽ˳֮⻹Ƕ׶ȼ档
ô뵽ˣһΪѾءιЦҲ
ΪϼĴʦ֣Ϊȴûһ˿ļӣԵúǺ㡣ϰߣһЦ֮󣬱һطȥȻҲûпף΢Ц֮Ҳ˸λȥ
ʵ
ӹһ˿죬ݡ
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ιЦҲԱĿݡ
ݵʣȻ֪ġһݵֻ˽һʱ䣬ͻȽףһȻȴϲɫ
ɻ˵˵ģֻҪʦһͻὫҪݵԽãԽġΪ־һεȫ۽ʱϼĻԽ
Сӽ֮ȴҲҡһ㽫ءιĳ˵
ͷֹ¸鷳ǺٺһЦæűչء
ţֹȻҪڷŬȴҲҪȥǰ;ε˵ͷĵĸݼߵ
ǫѷһЦȴҲ˵
ε˵ͷſϵЦҲ˼֣˼أʵΣҾ΢Ϣô
ԭЦɫҲһЩεҡҡͷûСһֱûǵϢ
ԣӹһ˿ʧ漴ҡҡͷûϵ֮ڻ࣬Ȱɡ
ȴһüͷЩʵѵǾݵȥǡ̫һӢ񵤡᪻ҲǼΪӵĵҩҾ΢ķһ󵽡ݵȣû󵽣ǡ˵˵ȥˡ
һֱԵЩĪᵽǡ̫һӢ񵤡ʱȴͷ΢΢һ
Ʒҩ̫һӢ񵤡רƣΪʥҩġ̫һӢ񵤡Ҫⶫѵˣ
Щɻ󣬲ɰй۲һΡȴԷɫ֮дżȻüͷȻȥЩ£ĿܴӰ
ͷѵ˵Ĳ磬ͬĳӵʦֵܣݲ²⡣
ݵҲû취ĻҲ¶һ˿ζɬЦݣĿȻ̫һӢ񵤣ֻ᪻ŲСģҲǼټ١ϸûͨġҪҲмСƣ֮⣬ֻи߼ĵҩԡ
˵Ǹǿɬ
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ҪȻȥڷϣһЩǣǳĻҪǿܶɣҲЩΣ漴ȴͻȻ
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⻰ҲĬ֮ȴ̾һ̧ͷˣҾͼȥϢˡ˵ţվ
ε˵ͷתŶȥ
ʱЩĬһֱû˵ݣҲ˸š
ӦǸŮɡӣΪŮӣУλᰡѵĺ֪
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㲢Ѳ²ȻҲܹǡ̸ʱ˫ĿеֻǵǶѡεУȴʹȻǹϵܣɫ
ţͬʱҲΪеůܻԼĴڣ̸ƣȻǽֵεˡ򡭡ȺԼ˵ȽԼ̸̫֮һӢ񵤡顣
ûУһǵȷġƣȲҪ֪¶̬һ棬ҲʾԼΡ
硭ǡ̫һӢ񵤡ô£
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ţŻع¶һ˿ЦҡҡͷˣҲûʲôáˣͻȻʲôɣ˵˵ɡ
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һ䣬ʵҲǴһֳաѾһЩ²⣬ǰ˾ŲʮȻҲҪٶʡβԸ̸Ҳû׷ʣ˵ͷ̹Ȼţȷ󡣡
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κмüͷֽһ֣ҡͷĶ̫Σˣʵֻ²Ա˰ɡʱﵽ˴쾳洫ӵ֮˵ɡ


484 ĥ³
ԣ֪ԷҲǹԼԼɱҪǰһˣʶĿεݵĹģݺͬҲܸмֻǡǿߣһ֮ɵģҪ˵Σա쾳ΪͲΣô
һЩ꣬һЩܴڵΣҲηηβģ便һʲôСĽôôνǱһЦ
ݲĹذֻǡҪΪǿߣͱҪһЩģ
ݸоڷĸһЩƿƿ֮Ĵֲ֮£ֻ¶ʱ޷ͻƵġݵȲˣԡȫ
һ˵꣬ݳ΢΢
۾ĿݣעɫĿ֮Уȴ˸ż졣
ʵںһȻǴһʮ˵ģ
ĥ³÷Կຮݹʷһ͵ǿߣһ·նȥģԼܻ˶Էһʱѵܻһӣ
ӥҪԼѧ᰿裡Ȼˣһ᣿
뵽Ŀâ󣬹ĴЦ
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һ֣εĿ³ĿݣĿ⾫ΣȻûпˣδڣҿڴպıˣ
ſݣһǰᡣǾǡȥ
仰ȴ˵նɼⷬʵǴˡ
۾һϲ磬ͬˣ
Ҫǿѵһ㲻ɣߣɻСҵİɣߣ
˵ţαǵ˳ȥ
۾һ¶ЦݣϽȥ

еӡɢһϤ֮˹
̧ͷ۾һ
ֻ޴񣬲֪ʲôط˹ͣԺ֮С

·ϵݣһ֮󣬾ȻĽһ·ڴк
۾ٴһּ֪ޣѾӵвˡ
Ҳ¶һ΢Цͷʾ⡣

εһԾıϣкȻҲһԾͬҲȥ
һչһȶ֮ΣѾڿһ֮󣬳ų巽򣬼ɶȥ

ľȥСڿɻֻ쾳ڡκм㲻᲻֪ɣ
ɻῴǰͻȻΣüͷ
û뵽ʵݳȥ棬ҪһЩʲô鷳ʱǺڶˡ
ȴһЦӥһҪ뿪ӥĻܻһʱȴһӡǿߣȻҪһϵеĥĳɳӵҲˡȱģĥңҲҪСӵʦޣҲܴﵽ켶֮Уֻ²١ȥҲ³ç֮ˣȻҪȥȻһЩƽϡңҲع̫ܵˡ
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ҡͷʧЦ֪ˡЩǷѾǷϰˡľͲ˵ˡ
СӣҪȥġɻԣʱһۣŤͷһȴŵݡ
´һ֮ɻҲòϣݣȷмȡڳϣԼһŵӣǲడ
ţּ䣬϶һ齣׸ݣͬʱҵƣȥɡԺҪȥֱӳʾƾˡʡֶͽСӸ
۾һӹƣ˼ͷһЦлʦ֡
⵹֮ϲΪֻܳȥ̵ܶһʱ䡣ȴõһȨԺԼһЩжͿԸӵˡ
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˵꣬һҡεģ¥ȥ
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һѹԼŤͷһԵݣЦ˰ɣ
ţлˡ¶Цݡ
ҡҡͷЦЦ漴ȴΪ֣صĿݵҪĥԲ㡣Ҹϣƽκмǿ߻㼯ƣ߻ӣд֮ļߣɱԽ¶Ҫһۡô
һЦͷģá
˾ͺá
ˣε˵ͷҲٶ˵ʲô
˳ɻαǳ뿪ˡֱʧݵ֮УŵͷеĽɻÿһ洫ӶмͨԣֻĸŻõ洫Ӵպ£ɾҪĶࡣ
ݳĬƬ̧֮ͷ
̫һӢôƷҩұҪﵽ֮ơꡭɻʦְæ˰ɣʱ䣬ܴﵽ̶ֳô
üšѾһЩ
Σ֮ڴﵽ죬ߣ˴ңֵһЩҲ΢һ˰ɣ
ţݱǳȥ
Ŀ΢΢˸䣬ȴ¶һ˿Ц
ڴ֮ǰһЩҪ졭


һ֮
˵ݵվͻˣ뿪
ոջصһƣŭݵͨɣ˶Ϣʱɴ۾һŭ
֮ǰ뿪Ϣ֮󣬱Ǽ׷ȥݵĵ粽֮죿ȥϼ塣ͨɻԷֱӳ뿪佣ˣæֱ׷
󣬷Ū˵ͨ׷ĵݣŵĳڣ岻ԶҲһ·ֱ׷ֱƻʱ򣬷˳ڴ
ѯһְصĵӣӶԵղδһݵĳ뿪ʱͨһüͷ󻹵ʵ̫ͣٶ̫Լ׷֮£һ˶ԷһԵȴ
һȣһϡһֱյ峿ݵһҹͨɣŸоݻû뿪ء
˰׷һĹ򣬻ݵôãͨͷŭƿ֪Ҳ֪ݵȥҲ֪ʲôʱǸͷֺķ˽յʱ䣬ص˳塣
Ÿջ˶Ѿ˹Ϣ
˶СĿͨɫšСҲ֪ô¡ձ뿪˳ݣ֪ʲôʱص˷ϡҲ͵ʱʳġ˵ĶԻ֮󡭡ҲẠ̊́ǰκм
飡
һ죬ͨǰӣٶķѡ̶̵ļʱ䣬ⷿӣѾõĲˡȻϵĲߡ


485 
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ͨɶͷ֮ͻ˫֮Ѫ˿ԣоԼݺݺݵһѣװһˣ֮ķѴ˵׳һſڿһҹǡơ˵ã
ô̽ôͨɺݺݵĶ˶ŭе·Ҫ˶ȡ
˶һڿˮ޹ҡҡͷС´û֪ôġ
ݷأ͵á
һεƣȻв˶ԼĿ񣬵ɻˣȻûע⵽˭ˡεĳʦܡ
ʱ򣬸洫ӵľס洫ӿˣҲ᲻Ϊ⡭˶̽Ϣȫŵӣô֪һͬģԣݳֵʱ򣬵ЩĪˡ
֪ͨɵɫѿѵܷɻĲɣ
ͨŭ֮ȴû뵽Լǲ³ԷĻʽˡ
ͨҲϾȥ˶ҧһεϢȷô
ԣԣ˶ͷ׶ġǺһͬò͵ʱġ
ͨһݣĿ˸ݡ
֮ӻ׳һƿ˶ȥɡ
˶յͷһϲæлȥ
ͨϣĿ˸ɱ
ߣ뿪佣ھֻһڡ֮ôãϷţС֣ɱ㣬ϷͷѰ
ȻͨɣֱӳűչȥһռΪġʱ䣬Ҳż

Ǳͨŭ쳣ȥָˡȻǲ֪µġ
չУ׼һҪĶ
ЩʯһҪġʯ֮⣬Ҫģ⼸ҩˡ
СгõġԻԼݡѾȡ֮⣬ļҩ档
üͷ漴ȴ¶˼Ρ
ͷʵЩΥƲ¶סǡҲûа취
ҪһǾ̫ˡǡ
εҡҡͷǡҲһˡõⶫҪʵԵġûʵҲûлԵֶȻ̫Զˡ
ҡͷһ֮ݼʰĶ
öȻҪЯͷصƷ֮һ˭Ҳ֮ᷢһЩʲô£ЯȻŻһЩ
ЩдŹŹּͼؼҲǴϡ
м֮Уƣʶ㲩Ųʱȴǿ˰æһЩּݳš
һǴеСһīҵʱչǱԼɱϵõġֶ͸¶żֹŹ֣ȻʶʶΪӦΪءʶһֱϡ
佣ںҲһֱûʱȥѯʲôˡлǰǿƼмݱЩƽϡ
佣ڣʱ΢͵㡣κмϣݾͿԷſһЩֽˡʱ죬ʵڴ򲻹ֻҪ\ʼסһչµǿߣû˿취ȻҲͲηˡ
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һԪ֮ͬʱɢл߸߸Ծ𣬶ڵ̤Ųÿһڵ֮һ״֣Ų֮ڰ֮⣬ſͣס
ȻǵɢŻӰڿ΢һ٣ʱһ󡣶һЦ֮дŨɱʵһҡһΣҲ⣡
ϵ߶Σʱɿһῡ֮ͦУż־ŭǱӡ
Ҥ㾹Ҷҳ֣ѵͲ巨𣿣߳ſдȡ
ãʱյĻЦһʱͣ٣ԿԷͬᣬżаӡ
ֻҪˣ˭֪ɱģķʽɣ
һ٣ֻϵķ֮ͻȻһתù
ʽҷ£
а𣬽ţطȻһǿ֮ͻȻʱյӰϺƵ¶Ȼθߣ֮ϣһ˲ͳ˸ɺѿڣ
ǵϵݶʱ䣺㾹Ȼ˵ʽ
𾪣Ȼת֮ȴܱߣû˿ĳɣӡãͬҲ˸һŨķ֮ۿ֮Уһ˿Ѫɫ
𾪰ɣȥ±𾪰ɣ
һпЦ𣬽ţǡʽҷ¡Ҳ˲ۻ˼㣬󣬺Ȼ
䣡
ը֮ءǱը֮γɵľ޴Ǳĳһγһ޴ޱȵĻ
أ·һ˲佫صһ㡣ױȵƣֱӣŵϵХȥ
ٶ̫죬Ӳ
۾Ȼɴ󣬵˵
ֻҲۼʱԪ֮Ҳ͸˲γһɫ⻷ϵӡ֮ϡɫ˫ͫ˻ߵغɱңҲҪһЩۣزӡڶʽɰ
ıȣֻеӡһ˲ȻȻ󣬷·˳Ϊһ޴Ĵ壬վĵ֮ϣһǿȻϡһſŷ·ۿɼġɰʯһĪ֮£ͬҲγһӭŴӿµĻȥ
䣡
ǿҵıըγɵĳ˲丩˳ȥԱըΪԲģһεĲΧȻﵽ߰˹֮⣡
Ȼǵ֮ϵĹΪȷҪǹҤټ似ȼϵѹƣӲӲ֮£ǶԷĶ֣
ֻǡɰ֮ڽϢ֮󣬶ʱǡҷ¡ȫѹơɫȻһףȻһѪ
ǿ˲䴥ֻͻȻһɫܣǿĻ˲
ǹܵȻҲǲȻУȴδǹܡǣ壬һ˲䱻ǿ˳ȥ
ɳǧ֮ţݺݵ˵ϡǿҵĳٶһѪԴ͵һڣһѣУʱ

ſĴЦҤҲѾ˵֮ϡͬҲһ˿ѪȻͬѾȥ˰Ĺȣ״̬ȻҪǿ̫ˡ
ЦУһݣת˲䣬Ѿ˹ǰӸ£ŶԷ
Ϊ̫ˣܻ壬Ҳܰɣ
ҤЦݣͷŵһϢȴȻǿŲԼԵĹ
Ŭţ¶ԷѾĸǰѾû˿ϣŬšƺҪӻʲôղǾҵĳȴܴأһ򵥵ĶȴҲ޷
ҹżұΪѵһţȻͶô򵥵飬ѾôҤϷʵĿŹ𣬸ûҪֹ˼һЦǱ飬·ڿһֻСھ֮УȻҪģ
ۣ
еĹƺǣ˿ڣٶһѪͲ԰׵ɫӵĲ԰һѪƺʣһ˿ҲѾϣ˵ϡ
ȻĲѪ˿۾ȴȻĶŹҤдĲ⡣
ͬΪżҵӣΪΡҪ
ᶨš벻ͨͬΪżҵӣ˵ֵͬܡΪΣΪҪ
٣㻹𣿡ҤһƳĿǰĹ𡣶ԷڣȻ֪ԼΪʲô
ðɣ㵽Ժģұ£ɡҤЦһ۾ҵĿģǻѪᡭ
Ѫ᣿һ¶˼ֻȻãȻѪᡭԭˡԭˡ
ͻȻԼѹʵĸڵĻߣضһȺ˽ԿԵĴڡ
ߣ˽ģ
ǰ仰־£ţҲҪˡ
ҤֵͬܡΪһöҩˡ
ѵ䣬ͱ뽨ͬеĴ֮𣿡У¶Ի벻š֮£ĿٶһѪͷһƫ˻ԡ
ȻԻԶڹҤ˵ҪҪģֻǶԷеġѪᡱ
ŻеĹУȴ¶Ṵ֮̃ɫ
ѪᡱƷҩͬʱҲǼΪģֱӷõҩ
֮󣬿ڶʱͻԭвףһΣȻǰǣڵǰ
һ֪⡰Ѫᡱһˡ
ƷޡѪ롱ľѪȻɳɣ仰˵ֻڡѪ롱Ķ֮УҵӰ亱̶ȣ󡣹ʶһЩӵе伮ɻҵ֮⣬֪ŶĴڡ
ҤҲЩпҲ֪ǲʲôʺˣǰκҼ֮УȻֻƷʯͻôһö쳣Ǵȥ쾳쾳ǿ߶ҪŷġѪᡱ
ԷõԼǰҫ
뵽Ҥһ˿ЦȻĶˣҲֻܽȥˣ


490 ϲջ
⻯ѪᣬͿͻƴ쾳ﵽ쾳ĳ̶ȣ꣡ʱ򣬹żҺ󱲵һλãҵģλżҵԴҪԴԴϵʹáʱ򣬵죬ڰ죬ھ졭⣡
Ҥ¶˶δ޵ĳ룬Ȼһ˿ɱ¶˳
ͷһۻеĹ¶һ˿΢Ц૵ȻѾ⿪ɻôҲͿ˰ɣ
˵̧֣꣬һһŨ棬УĿһ䣬̧֣ҪŵϵĹԴϺȥ
Ȼ󣬾ڴʱһɼȻΣУͻȻͷëһ˲Ȼ
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ȫʶģҤȻһ˲ԾԭأͷҲصһ֣л棬ʱΣĵطȥ
ף
Դ־ȵϿմҤɫȻһ䣬͵̧ͷȥ
ֻУһӰȻն衣
ǿߣ
һ֮£Ҥ༸ֹͣ
ʱһ˿ǳɫâͻȻԿ쵽۷ٶȣӶԷһ
󣬹Ҥʱ͸оԼġʶ֮šһ˲䣬һǿƥݺݵײˣҵ̼صʶ֮У
깥ط
Ҥٶɫͱ䣬Ҳ룬ȫ˲伯еˡʶ֮šϣҪֹǡ깥ط֡
Ȼʱ۽΢΢һһĨâԿ쵽޷ٶȣ˹

һ죬ԷֱӻԼü֮ϣ
Ҥֻü͵һţʶ֮šһ˲Ƭ̵Ŀ
ȻƬ̵Ŀעˡ
ʶͻȻֳһƬҫĿɫţһɾ޴ĺϯٽʶһƬڰ
ڰǰһ˲䣬ҤԺ֮лһɻ󡭡
ףôˣ
ûŪʲô¡ǡѪᡱҪ֣Ҫͻƴ쾳ҪΪżҺ󱲵һҪӵ޵Դ
Ȼû

顱һ죬Ҥֱֱĵ˵ϡ
ա죬һӰھҤʬԶĵط
һϮڼףǹɫǷ˱ըݣ
ݵͷһԴżɻɫʬ壬Ťͷ˲ԶѾ˵Ĺ
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Ϊӵ\ʼ˪ȻӲӲ֮²Ǵ쾳ǿߵĶ֣Ҫ˵֮ͬǰ쾳ǿߵսǴս޷ȴҲǲ̫ܵˡ
ʶĿ¼뾭ȻҲ֮ĶԻ
Ѫô⵱һҵõˣпڵȶһͻƴ쾳Ӷﵽ쾳ĲΡ
ݾĿŵϻ˹ȥĹ¶˼ԥ
ǹҤõ⡰Ѫᡱôûʲô˵ģѾˡ𡭡
üͷ
˵ƺûʲôÿǵģҲʶˡѪᡱȻֱ뿪Ҳˡ࣬˼˵𡭡Ǿıꡣ
ΪˣȴԼĵߡӸղŵıҲܿǸʲôˡ޳ǸԸȴ㲻
˵ʵݶмֺøСȥ顭Ҥ֮ʲô
ĿԥƬ֮ʧҡҡͷ
Ӱƣȡ֮е˻˵޴ݿԼҪˣǲŽ޴
ƾģؿڵһִ
ȻԥȴҪǿԼִȥһ¡ôΨһ֤ģ޷Ǿִǿ
ִǿˣпִܵе۷壿
Ϊһʱ棬ִֵֵã
뵽ݷЩ졭ԼִδҲ̫һˡ
һĿ⽥ļᶨ
һŻѪô涼ƣ̸ʲô̤۷壿
һЦٳɣߵ˹ߡ
΢̽һԷ֮һ
ȻθһЩˣڲδ˼ꡣҪľꡭԶԷʵΪϵЩƣ²ҪҩҲһʱָ֮ǸԵҩżܺˡ
뵽תȴǳǹҤȥ
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˷ܵ۾ͻȻһ
ˣⴢҲҪ֮󣬲ܴ򿪡
һ˲飬Ҫһ̡ⴢʲô֮ٿҲ١
СĽŻԼĻСĿⲻһɨͻȻ۾һ
Ҥߣ֪ʱ
һǰƴСɫơƲ֪Ժɣͨ巺࣬渡෱µķ䡣
һȴһϸĳⳤͨ죬һָϸȴĳ೤ͨͬҲµķ䡣


ݲһϲæϸϸһ֮󣬲ϲɫĸпȻɱԽǷƵĺ÷Ҳɱһ쾳۷ߣȻ͵õһǼΪĴѹ֣ѹԹɱ˶ᱦ鶼żʡʵΪ̫ˣ
ݸ̾
ȴҲֻ֪ԼʵЩãȺ¡򣬱˵ͨɣͬǴ쾳ڵߣ۷Ҳһ֮ɱ˼ƿҩ֮⣬ֻһЩˡǰҤû˿Ŀɱԣ
żҡĸżأĹżңǽɽǸżأ
õ˱ݲ뵽˵ݡ
ȻҤһ壬żҡ֪ģǴ佣ڷŵصϿ򣬹żҡ֮һǾ󻪹֮һżҡһҲǾ˴֮⣬ǻҰ֮УκιġɽĹżҡ
żҶǴгĴ壬ǿƣ佣ȻᲢ۵Ĵڡ
ݵĿⲻ˲ԶڻеĹĿ΢΢˸ѯһҲˡ
뵽ݱҲٶʲôڹҤϷһȴûзʲôӣǽж봢ˡ


491 ̵
վԷԴһ»飬͵
ʬϣҿ˿˵ƻļΪأ˵ĽսѾ˲˻ޣɵҪ뿪
뵽ݲٳɣӵԣֱӽֱ֮ӳ𣬱һ·򣬱ƿնȥ
뿪ãսȦԶĻҰ֮У˷ȴǳӰ
Щ˾ԶǼٶ졣Щ˶ǴŸ죬ϵĲһΪǿģҲﵽ˴쾳۷ĳ̶ȡмˣȫǲǳ
⼸ӲͬļˣͬʱսȦ֮ͣҿ˿֮󣬶΢üͷ
໥֮ȻҲ˶ԷûóȻж໥һ֮һ˺ǺһЦǶˣսѾˡһ˰
༸ȻҲĿɨһüͷ΢ͷЦţǰһˡ
˵꣬໥һۣЦЦ֮Ҳûʲô̸ȥ
κмΧÿ춼ڷȻҲ̸ʲôˡĿҲǺԡҪˮ㣬ܲʲôôˡ
ȻսѾ˶Ѿ뿪ˡǶȻҲûʲôˡ

ŻԹȥ˵Ĺһ·ٶȼɣֱΪһɫ磬Ƭ֮󣬱Ѿɳϰٹ֮ͣ
˿УĿһɨ·
΢֮ȥ
µĵطһɽܾԶǻҰŴѩããһƬ
һһ֮СĵĽʶͷ˳ȥ
Ƭ֮󡭡
ףݵ۾ʱ΢΢һ¶һ˿ЦݣһƷ޵Ķ
ٳɣһΣֱӳһ֮ĵطӶȥ
ʱڴѩ֮УһΪεĶݵǰ
𣡡
һ޺֮ݿ˲䣬ͻȻǶ֮д˳
ݵѾ˸һǳɫâĿƽעζδǶе޺֮ȻǱ߼ٷӶȥ
Ƭ֮һ޴ӰͻȻǶ֮˳һȷ磬ʱϯ
ɫû˿仯нɫâʱһû
𣡡
һԴż־ŭĺӳľ޴Ӱϴ
ֻӰڿͻȻһ󣬼˳ֻһ˶ԷĹ
飡
һ죬޴壬ֱӺݺݵˤ˵ϣһ
ݵĿ⣬ʱƳһۡ
ƷڵɽƱ
һۣϳޡ漴ȴٹעֱ˶
⡰ɽƱĶ󣬵ȴȫ㹻ˡĵ֮ϻ˲ٵĿݲݣ
һɨ¶˼֮ɫ󣬽壬Сĵķ˿ݲݶϡ
ŵϵĹü룬̽뻳Ƭ֮󣬴һСƿȻ󣬴Ӵƿ֮УһĴָСǳɫҩ죬֮СԪֱӽǵҩ֮ݾĹ۲ǰѪɫ԰׵Ĺ
ⵤҩΪѪӵƵĹЧȴڲƷ׵ĵҩЧ̫ߡ
ǴͨϵõģҲΨһƵĵҩ
һԾ۲ãſ΢ָһ˿Ѫɫŵ˵ͷ
ЧȻһ㡭ʤްɡ
ֿһ֮ջĿ⣬ߵһ
ͷ¶һ˿ЦݣӻУǴ˳΢΢Ź⣬ȻϸĶ
һֱݸоΪңԶֻΪⶫȻսҪʵ̫һЩҪھϣѾӴˡռ䡱һεǿ߲ƣڼû񱳾ҲûǿʵݶԣʵԽӴġ
û뵽ʱһۣȻõֱȷԳ֮Ϊϲˣ
ⴢպжɾҪĶˡ֪վͽͼҲˡ
ϲɸֳЦݡȻⴢ൱⡣
ϧȴƴʱ̡Ҳ֪ⴢж󡭡
ϸãȴòǿѹƵĳ嶯ַ֮ԼĻС
ȻϾƣϧƿɲô׵ġ֮ǰⱦΪԼҪߣȻ֮ܽƳɹȴҲҪһʱ䡣Ȼȴʱ
ϾǹһԡһԼһⱦȥˣǹȴ˹Լվ
ݲڵһʱȫġȻԼǾ
סͷȲһ˫ۣϵԪʱת
һ·ɣٶȡÿԻָһ¡

ʱܿ˹ȥ
ɽƱĶ֮С
ѻռȸС
š
ļȻһϸ΢֮ͻȻⶴ֮һֱ۾ݣڵһʱӦ˫ۡ
Ťͷ¶һ˿Цݡ
ԭеĹ˹
ֻԴȻڻ״̬дżԻãȻΡ
ˡݳ˵
ͻȻֵùһжʱ¶־֮ɫãȻʱˣæŬѰԴڣݡ
һİˣȻһһƺҪվ⶯ȻǣƣɫȻһףһƺ֮󣬶ͷʱ亹
˭Ҥأ
Ե˻ƶвַһ˿ѪɫĶݣĿ֮͸¶ŵ⡣
ƿǲᡣݲĵ⣬ȴһЦҲ⣬ûʲôõĵҩӦаɣ˭ȴһ˵ɡ
ǹ΢һɵĿһۡüΧһۡȷûʲôˡüͷ
Ȼ΢ӦԼƬֿ֮һ̧ۣ֣ĳȥƬ֮󣬴ͳһöŵĵҩ
֮Уһֱ۲ݵı顣ԷֻЦЦƺûӡһҧݵĹעУ˻ʱһҩ㣬Ǵǵҩɢ˳
ҩһɢݵĿʱǼеǵҩ֮ϣȴ¶һ˿졭
Ʒҩ̵żҡôֱʰ
̵ƷҩӵƵĹЧֻҪǶֶϽţȫʧڼ̵ʱָ
Ƶĵҩڴ쾳µʱǼΪġƵĵҩ¡Ϊ쾳߿ɻûꡱֻ·һƸ쾳ϵߣѡ񡰶ᡱ
˵ôһö̵ֵԵֵϰƷ


492 κм
ݵľУѾ׽ǡ̵̷¡󣬱˫ۣһ΢Ԫ֮ɢ˳ȻڼҩĻӷ
Ƭֻ̣Ȼһţ£ʱӿѪɫĺҺһˣϴ˳
Ϣ֮ԭһϢֻڵϵĹ𣬶ʱָ˴롣֮ϣҲȫָѪɫ
ƷҩȹЧʵǿᣡ
һ״ݶʱһΪп
ӶԷϵԪ̶̼Ϣʱ䣬ƣѾ˴ˡ
ָһЩĹٴ۾һΣжݵĵ⣬ѾΪ
˭ΪʲôҤأң
ȻԵüΪɻһĸ˳
һЦصҽݡҴġҤˡǡ
ĸ⣬ĸ𰸡
ݵĻشȻù΢ЩͻȻɴ۾ݣŵҤˣɱ
ʼ硣
ٶһȻ֮ȴüͷҲš
ȷʵš
ǹҤǴ쾳۷ΪƷ似ĵʽҲȫڶԷϡ
ǰݣ쾳ڵΪԼԸ⣬׽ɱοҤ
쾳ڣɱ쾳۷壿ǿЦô
Ų㡣
ȴûзֱ棬ֻЦЦҾҪʣκҼôߣ
ݵȻù˴ɵĿݣüͷ֮ŲȷĵҤϣ
һЦǾ仰Ų㡣
ûзֱ棬Ȼȴڸ߹ǹҤϡ
ǡôܣ
һ쾳ߣɱ쾳۷ߣ⣬ǿЦô˵򣬾͹Ԫ֮쾳۷ߣɱ쾳ڵߣ߳ٱǧ
Ҫ˵żҵӵı˭ˣѵݣӵоƷ
ԴȻǰϢ𾪵ЩԽܡ
ݿеĹȴֻЦЦû˵
ʱ䣬š֮УȴһֹŹֵ
֮󡭡
Ҥˣ
ͻȻõͳ
ݵ˵ͷû˵
һۡȻЩţƺѾˡ
ͷкżֲĸӡ˸á
¹𡣡
ݵ˵ͷЦǴʱˡ
˵ͷȻ̧ͷݣվ΢΢ôлһ飬ˡ
ǡˡҡҡͷ˵
ȴĿһۣǡᡣҶԣȴ֮𡭡պɽżҡֻҪһϢܾ
Ŀ΢΢һӣҤǡɽĹżˡ
ЦЦ˵ͷȴûٶ˵ʲô
ҪȥκҼУݡ
ݵ˵ͷ
Ҵȥ
á
һЦûоܾƴŻûȫ͸һ°ɣº󻼡
š
˵ͷҲûоܾݵ棬
һ΢΢һЦҲ⣬˫ۣҲԹԵ
һҹ޻
գı߳ˡɽƱĶκмķȥ
ȻҲδǿձɱͷɽƱûڵ
ջɱͷɽƱʹˡΪ˷ֹѪζޡҪ뿪ˣȻû˹ǡ
ϧ⡰ɽƱڣûڡԴ֮˱·

һ·ȥԶǻҰɽ
ûСĹȴСį鵤
⡰į鵤˵±رһҩΪе߶ӵʶûСį鵤æڱʶĻЩطǼΪΣյġ
Ϊ˱⡰֣ȻҲǷǡį鵤
ߣٶȲǿϾҲǴ쾳ڵǿߣҷǡ̵ҲѾȬʶٶҲ
˴·ٶȻҲࡣҹǻʵĴ쾳ߣʶʣҪǿһһ·ҲһСĲʹʶĴ֮£һ·ȥ˲δ˿谭
ȥˣʱѾܹһЩˡ
Щͳͳˡį鵤ʶڶԷſ֮ǰǿǵΪġ
ݿǵΪֺγܿݵ˵Ϊʶû޶¡
˵ΧнٵߣҲ׼Ŀ֮ŻֵġȷԷֵһĶҰʱΪԼ͵ˡǲŻᶯ֡
򡭡˭֪᲻ߵʲô壿ܽ쾳磬˭ɵ
ǣలµ֮£ˣڼκҼСΧˣҲǶ
һۿκмѾǼʶݣҲ۾һ¶˼־̾
κм𣿡ݲ૵
˵мǣóݣ»Ӻʣ
лֺΰɽȲΪȻռ˿һĳСΰȣʶҲñǿ
ǸߴĳǽϿգһͷͷģķն裬䣬Ŀڵ֮ϣ֯뿪Уܱ޾Ļɽ󡣻ǴǻҰ֮г˳Сһٵľ¡
Ҳһᵽ׽Ĳ࣬жˡ
ʶΪһӵ˿ڵĹҶǣǰбȽڻֺΰ϶ԣҪѷɫ˲ֹһ
ˣͳͳӵг쾳Ϊиˣ޷ΪĴڣ
κҼˡ
𿴵ݵı飬¶Цݡ
⼸һͬ·Ӱ롣˴֮䣬ҲѾûһʼİǱʶ
ݴӲѾ˵ԾӣǹҲһҵǰ߰ԽӴƢ൱һЩһʵĸо
һѯʡ
һͷЦŵ˵ͷţһΡ
ҵһʱҲ𺳵ĺءֹģмⷽԲ֮ڣһˡЦ˵
ȴһѵ⸽м
ȻȻĵ˵ͷ󿪿ڵһмʵ׵ĳлСģġ
ͨһмҪʱڱȻ䱳ʵȻһʮʮ١Ȼ˹涨֮գпмرյڼ䣬мǼΪģûˡ
κмȴвͬκרļ壬ĴУӵйԴ


493 ߵļ
κ֮Угκӵ֮⣬һĺ֡
ȻͨԣЩƳ֯ר¶ܻһЩ࣬ȻҪһطˡ
κ꣬Ȼ佫ЩõмȥԼһмһƵıﲻڱѹۡһ棬ҲκҵӰֶΪ
ԣκмκҵչκмĹģҲԽĴˡ
ϸĽԼ֪Ķ߸ݡ
ǰŹЩͷ֮£ҲһЩʶˡ
˵䣬Ѿ˽ȥ
Ŀģһ޴ޱȵĹ㳡㳡¾ѾռеĴ㳡֮ϣˡ
΢һɨ¾Ѿ
ɽ˺ͷܶ˵֮ǲڶ
裬ƷʥҩɱбرҩѪۣһƷʯȵȵãֻʣöˣ
񵤣ƷʥҩʮƷʯˣҪϿ찡
ħħƷһʮƷʯ
ǹƽ׾Ʒ
ƵͼһݣʮƷʯҪĸϿ찡
һЩ˵Ŀд
ֻǵǰÿ˶ڷһС̯㡣̯֮ĿڷŸָĶҩеҩзߡвƵĵͼ似ؼԼȫвҲ֪ʲôõĶ
֮ۻң
ѾЩ˼׼ȻǰһĻһգһ۾
Щɶ߶ϵĶ
һɣҪ㹻ļʶ棬ܹԵٵıŶ˵ǹٺһЦʶöѪᣬġ
ѪᡱۼֵҪĻƷʯҲ˹ȻȴֻƷʯİײ˼ۣͽ֮˹
ԱȻʺܵͣǣҪǳɹ˵ĻǿһʲƸ
ҲЩ᪻ŵܸȫļʶҩһϣžԵĵġ£᪻ŵ洫ǣҲһʶĶ࡭
Ͼܸ٣ǿ᪻Ų֮ءֻмˣܵԿˡ
ˣҵҲˡǹ㳡ıϢо¥ס¡Ҫʲô㳡֮⣬ǡ۱СĶ϶ƷϵġҪĲƸҲ١Ȼ˵Ӧûʲô⡣
֮󣬹һָָԶһɽЦ˵
ȻҤɱˣǹҤĲƸȻҲԷˡҤĲƸ𶼲Ǻֻ֪ǾԲ١
Ҫߣ
˵ȴ΢΢һ̧ͷ˶ԷⷬһĻﱳ˼
Ц϶˼ֿɬ˵ͷûзϣǴξ뿪ģû뵽˵ҡҡͷȻڹҤ֣лЩζ
ѵĸоȷͦġ
ĵ˵ͷƬ֮ˣҲˡ
ţԺ£ԴżҡֻҪյϢһһʱġ
ǡ
롣
˼򵥵Ļһ֮󣬹תκмȥʱʧ˺֮С
ջĿ⣬һ
ҲãһˣҲˡ
뵽̧ͷԶһŽȥ֮󣬳Ǳȥ

κмȥһУ棬Զ׽绹Щͬġһ׹㳡ռ˴λá֮ЩνġϢˡ
⡰ϢȻѵġκµһЩҵ¥УȵȡУռĽҪǡ۱
һռ˳֮һһ״ΡȻмߵĽ
΢פһ£֮󣬻ѡʱ
ȽǴһ֮˵ɡ
ţݼǰȥ
һ·ߣҲһ·Ρ
켶мȴֻ켶ˡݾͷ˲ٺ쾳ˡЩˣ඼ЩڵķԱ
˲ʱ֮һ޴Ľݵԡ⣬ǵǷᵽ¥
ֻ¥ȻɷǳռҸߡſڵˣһŹʣΪ֮ſڴ·һЩߣҲɵ¶֮ɫˡ
ֶֻ׽С磬ͬҲС
ù𣬹Ҥ˵ͬĴ쾳ΪԪΪһöƷҩҪۻ㹻ǮȡһöƷҩֱӷ¡࣬Եƣ
͸Ҫ˵Ҥˡӵӵһ²ٸ쾳B쾳ﶼҪĿѵġ

ҤڹżңǾҲǺĵӡ佣ִݵԪɱȣ
⣬Ǳ
ипȴδ¶ʲô֮ɫıǮЩҲعĽ
ֻҪﵽ쾳֮ƷҩĳɹʣЩƸҲǲܿԼ׬ȡ
뵽ҲֱͣӲǰȥ
һй֮һ¥˽ȥ
λˣòͻסޣ
߽ţſһ쾳ķԱӭ
סޡô㣿ݿһܣʵ
﷿ĵȼΪ֡ƽͣһֻöƷʯߣһʮöƷʯ֪Ҫַ䣿Ľܡ
ȴһһʮöƷʯסʲô䰡
ʵǻƽ֮͡׷Ȼ˸ߣʲô
ĵĽܵƽ׷ͨķ䣬ûʲôġ׷ϣӵоУ׷Ԫͨзӵʮﵽһĳ̶ȡؽ׷ԪŨ׷ʮ׷ǵؽ׷ʮ
ؽסʮ˵ǡסԴŨȣͨǧ
ݵһѹ֣ѹ˰󡭡
֮ѯʵ׷һҪʯ
׷һһգҪöƷʯ˿ѯʵ
еʯӻȡһöѯʵ㿴ʲôƷ׵ʯ
ݵһνӴĽףʯҲǺٽӴȻηֱˡ
¶˼־֮ɫ漴ָһ֮صһöƷʯ
Ʒô
һ£Ǿ͸һɡ
õĿˣ
һصȻݣǳ¥ȥ


494 ƣ
¥¥һ¥ò͵ĵط¥ǻƽ׷¥ǡסڡ
ؽ׷¥׷ںԺ
һߣһ߸ݽš
ʱѾϵ¥ҹƬ֮ͣ׵šơֻһԪˡ
ߵݸһƣ˵
ݴӻȡƷʯݸ˹ȥӹƣЦлˡ
ãӦġЦ˵󻹴һǿȵķ󣬸쾳ǿߣʱ޷ƵġԿԷĵ
⻰üЦǵĻͦܵ
Ǻǣ˿ϣ㲻ʲôġûбʲôԸҾͲˡףס졣ЦݿĹ˹ݵͷ֮뿪
Ŀ뿪֮¶һ˿Цݣƿ˷š
Ȼ۸ǰһЩַ̬ȣַҲֵˡ
ں࣬һ֮һΪտķ䡣ӴԵúůʡĴԼмԲ֮⣬ڴһİڷűīֽΪ꾡
⻷ݺĵ˵ͷ˽ȥ
Ԫ࣬Ӧûм¡
룬ԣһ˿Ԫ뵽е֮С
ֻᡱһ죬֮϶ʱһ⣬һ˷Ĵ֮ϡ
ݶʱоһ򲨶˿֮Ԫ˲䣬ⷿӿ˹
ԪŨȣʱ
Ƭ֮ݱͲ֮ⷿеԪŨȣѾԶԶ磡
ʮԪŨȡ󣬹Ȼ
۾пѡͬʱж󷨸˼ֺ档
⡰סʮǡסǧԼôһͣߵʲôطִܵԼΪٶȣ쵽ʲô̶Ȱ
Ķѡ
ݵҲֻ֪ˡ
Ȼ棬ԳҪǲ͡ݾܲµĵذ壬ȻͨʵпһЩʵġ򡭡ͨʣ޷ʮġһ󷨵ȥЧĻҪȻֱӱҪȻǳֱӱ
һûʲôԵǺѵõġ˵õֻ´󲿷ҲһЩϲ̨Ļ֮ġɱһǼΪѵõġ
뵽ҡҡͷ㲻ٶ룬ߵ˴ǰ
һʱ䣬ҲˣϰڸŨԪٵͨĵطЩӦúϢһ¡
¶һ˿ЦݣȻһ˫ۡ붨ȥ
ʱ䣬Ȼơ
һ붨붨һ졣ֱ峿۾³һ
ˬ
󡭡ȻһﰡҲֱǽ׷һ죬һЧˡ
촽ȴҡҡͷ
Щ̫ˣĲƸǡסʸûС
Ҳ֪ǹҤжٲƸ
뵽Ƹݲ뵽Լһδء
ǹҤĲƸӦòͲǡ
ȴûһЩʱ䡭տ϶
뵽Ŷ
¥£ݽԼķ˳ֽöƷʯķ֮»ص˷䡣
ڴ֮һӻУǡ˳
ڿԺⴢһˡҲ֪ǹҤжٲƸأ
ʶߵмʶôĺôҲԲƸֶȤˡ
ͷ³һ齥ƽĿ⣬ˡϡ

䣡
һǰһڣֱ˳ˡʶռ䣡
ʮ˴Ρ쾳۷ǿߣȻ
Ŀһ˿һʶٶûУ
䣡
һٶ˳
ʱ䣬һһεĳ֮Уš
һʱ䣬ݽǴ󷨿ռ䣬²Σ
һʼ˲ͱѾܹϢʮϢ
ͣʱԽԽݵʶҲĿҤڡеáӡˡһʼĴĿѾЩȻ
һľٶ
û˭ͬһԵģ
Ҫ֪ʶ֮Ҳһ޶ȵġÿһαҪһʶͬ쾳ڵִ쾵۷ǿߵġӡְܼٴ֮ԣǾѾ԰ˡʶģһʧܽһ죬ΡǾ޽У
ʹǽӡ䣬һԽʮöʱǿʶ֮󣬻ܾͬҲǾ޽У
һУҪ鹦ǹŹֵʶ
ʶ̫ˡȻΪĹϵ޷һԭо籾ͷŵʶĳ־߰ǿߣҲҪĪ

ݵĳԣڳš
Ȼʶ沢δʲôǾϣҲЩƣÿһαԴҪʹһ¡Ȼʹ̫ǿҡҲܲסడ
һ죬ۡ˭Ҳеܰɣ
ݵȻᶨֲĿݵļһǰ˪ʱˡ⡰ͬҲˣ
Ȼ⡰ԭˣ֮˪ԭˣҪǿĶ࡭
һҹȥ
һݣȻ߲ݵģһһҹ
󷨿ռ֮ڣҤġӡѾȫ͸ġʱɢ
Ҫ⡰ӡʲôǵĻѾܻƿڴˣ
ôһ̬Ҳù
䣡
ڿռ֮ǰϢ֮ġӡٶһ˿ʶ֮ݵʶײ˹
ʶһȻȴͻָ
סˣ
ʵеݣ֮ϣ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ü֮䣬һɽɫȻֱӣǰġ˽ȥ
ֻڡĿռ֮ڣݵʶͻȻų֮ĽââһֱӣſٶȥۼȴѾ֮ġӡȥ
䣡
һ죬ص
ǰġӡڼ˲һϢ֮󣬱ǽɫûɢӰ١
ݶʱϲʶſռֱƮ˹ȥ

Ƭ֮
ݣ˫
ɹˣ
һĨϲɫ޷ƵĴԴƣ֮У͸¶˳ݣͷеġ

ͷһһ˿ʶ̼ûǡ֮С
Ȼһγǰģ󷨿ռֺڰĵطһտİɫռ֮У
ѾˡݣȻף⣬ǡĴռˡ


495 
Ȼô󣿣
ȻϸһǰĿռ֮һ漴һ
ֻⴿ׿ռ䣬ķȻݺߵͣ״Сȥһ޴ޱȵĽ׷һ㣡
״СĿռ䣡
ôһռ䣬װٶ
ݴĿţĿ¶𺳡֮в¶˿ϲ֮ɫ
û뵽û뵽ҤĴȻô󣡡
Ȼûеõʾݶ֮һҲ˽⡣佣֮ǰǱС֮У˲йĳʶУͰйءĽܡ
ֻѾӴˡռ䡱һεĵھǿߣơǣھǿ߱ϾҲνɸΪ֮ûƲϣȻҲ޷Ƶġ
ɡĲֵĲϣһΪռ֮ʯĲϡ
ֲϣֻϹż֮Уг亱ֵơȻǾǿߣҲܹõġ
ֻһСɾһ֮󣬾ͿԵõʮ׵ġռ䡭
ͨԣǿƴҲǴ󱲵ġν˶һ֮֡ЩԼĹϵһЩЩԼĹϵԶһЩȫһ£
ҲˣġСȻҲͬ
ԣͨڴ±ȽҪӵеĴ󲿷ֵĿռСʮ׵֮䡭
Ǳڽ佣һЩС֮УйضڽУͰĽ
ĸȡáϯ֮Ƶĵý֮УͰ״һĽ
仰˵Σڶȡϼϯӳν֮õġĿռ䣬ֻһף
洫ӡϯֻܵõһס
ôûõνɻᣬĴֻ¾͸Сˡ
ǣǰ״СĴȾûа취ȣ
ⴢȻǹҤڶĴ½֮УϻԵõģ
Уʱ˶
ǽɽĹżСȷ١佣ȣҲֻ䲮ٰˡһ쾳۷ĵӡǼĵӣҲȻܱһ
ǣǹҤĸףһǿߡ
ȻǾԲܵġˣǹҤ;ԲΪһꡰѪᡱʧ̬ϧɱͬڵĹˡڴ֮󣬻ɵĻɱ
ǿߵĶӣ룬͸֪һ˰ɣϴžƷǶпܵģǰױɱ
ԣΨһĽ;ǡҤ
ݵü֮価һƬϲɫҤȴҪˡ
Ŀ⣬ֱӳտռ֮УΨһһѷһѶĵطȥ
ǡƷʯôࣿ
һʱݶʱɴ۾š
һʯԪԶƷ
ǧ˰ٶʮöƷʯöƷʯ
⡰Ѿݣʶע⵽һʯʱֻͷһʯʱĸԺ֮У
֣ݵԴ䡱һ˲ԡ
Ʒʯһָ
һ룬Ƿ˵˵죬ֻһͻöƷʯԱߵ˾ǰ𺳣ֻԷ̫ݳޡݵõģö
⣬һֲƸ

ݴĿǰƷʯѾǰڱҵЩ˵ˡ
֮һڿˮʱѹסؿڵĿϲƿĿ⣬ʯԱߵ￴ȥ
ͷһʱһϢͨݵԺ֮С
Ʒ似ħն
Ʒ似շħӡ
Ʒ似

š
󷨳ƪ
ϡ

ƷҩϯƲݡ
Ʒҩ
Ʒҩ

Ʒ
Ʒ
һƷƣģݵԺȴȫ˵ء
Ժ֮Уֻʣµһͷľǡ
ˣķˣ
ݵ۹⣬ͽȻ
ڱ̫ˣҲͷԷ裬Щѣˣ
ѵҤĳɵĵͳ𣿣κеݣ뷨
Ʒʯǧ˰ٶʮö
Ʒ似ţƷ似ţƷѧһţ
鼮ʮ߱
Ʒҩʮ֣ƷƷҩöƷҩһö
ʮöжƷʮţƷöһöƷ
Լв֣һ֪ϣŹƷ
ϣһεȫջ
ƷʯͲ˵ˣʯ֮⣬Ķļֵֻ¾öƷʯĵͣҪߵĶ࣡
ټ⡰ԼӹҤߵõ
ķˣ

εڴϷѾ˳ǡĿռ䡣ǣҪһЩʱһ¡
ȻҲ뵽ҤĲƸԼʧ²ģҲǼöǧöƷʯټһЩƷƷҩѾˡȴû뵽
ݾͬһ޷ĵؤͻȻһɽһĽͻľ޴ƸһЩǺеݣǲ˹ȥ
ѣʱ䣬˴죬ݵĿŽĻָ˼
֮ģ³һ
û뵽û뵽ҤĲƸȻ㾪ˡʲôˣ
жʱԹҤ˺桭
ݿɲŹżһĵӴĲƸԴ򣬳Щ۷ǿߵ֮⣬Ҳˣڴ쾳ʱ򣬾͵õԴ
ȲƸĪ˵Ǵ쾳Ǹ쾳B쾳ҲӵУ
ԵûǻԵݵ۾ͻȻ䣬츳Ŭ֮⣬ԵͬҲҪ
õûԵ°빦˲ѣԵȻӵٸߵ츳ټƢԡ;زۣҲûκεã
ҤܵõЩƸĻԵЩƸȴҵСǾҵĻԵ
ҵĻԵõչ뺮̶ҵĻԵõҵĻԵõͼҵĻԵ񣬵õʲƸҲҵĻԵ
˫ĿŹ⣬˵ľâ
洫ӣ쾳ˣ
ҵĿ۷壡۷壡
ƸʲôƸ޷͸ĻζԵЩԵε۷֣
øԶ£µģû룡ûз򣡰װ˷һϵеĻԵ
ڣԨߣڻǵĶ֡һգұȻԶԶ֮ϣǣעֻ̤۷һʯˣ
һʱ䣬һֱ嶷Ķ־ݵϳ˳һ̣ԭһֱ̺еһӰͻ֮Уʧ˸Ӱ١
һ֮ϻĵƷѧˮԴĵʱתʼԽͨطʮŨԪݵ֮ӿ˽
ݾȻʱͻˣ


496 ħ
ѧ֮ԷƷףԪľ֮ͬ⣬Ĳͬٶȡ
ˮԴĵſʩΪֻ֮ⷿмֱһ籩ǿ֮еζȫ
籩ﵽһٽʱͻȻһ󣬽ţһɫ⻪̼˷ıڣ䶼ǰС
籩˷ķƣ
ڷ籩ĵ㣬˫ĿգˮΧȫɽڡ³γһѭģԭķ֮УȻȻ˲ٵˮ
Ԫ֮Ҳ֮УšʱѾ쾳ڵԪ

ԪǿŨȣ֮籩Žͣ

һ֮Χʱһ˿ʣı˽ȥ
顱
һž춯֮ԭ籩Σʱȫ˵ϡѾľм
ΧİɫâҲ籩ʧʧ
ݣ۾
һĨɫâ۵һ
쾳ڣһͻһף

ڴϣ΢΢ü֮ȴǳ³һȴ¶һ˿ء
ֶݲûй뿪޼ϴʱħ壬ȴ֮йһζľ顣
һΣһΣͬС졣ͬǡһħ壬ڵһʱ䷴Ӧ˹һΡȴǽ֮ǰħɨ֮󣬵õ򡭡
ûħ̺еһ˿Ӱݵġħ
ħӰεڣֻһͷһħ
еˣħ̰еˣħɱ¾еˣħη塣еˣħȴ˼
ȻŶ֮ҲԼЩǲһɿƵĳ̶ȣҪΪħ
ħƽʱݷ˵ͷû˿вȻһҪͷǡħȴϢ֮ǰȻŴ󣬴Ӷһ˵Ϊ
ߣеҪͷӦҪһһʱǡħȴͬͷһȻȻŴ󡭡һ֣ټǣĻ
ߣѪˣΪߣΪȫϣ˼
ɴ˿ɼħ߶ԣһصвˡ
һεõ˴ʵĲƸӶһϵе˼󣬼ĵİ붷־
ҲҶˣ⶷־ļһ˲佫뿪ī֮󣬾һֱ̺еһ˿Ӱɢˡ쳤վȥ׼ʲôʱӰħͻȻݵ˼άжۼ

ħȻֲ֪֮䣬ҾȻ˵Ǵ˴ͻȻ룬һٽӰĻ룡պȴҪӱСĲǡ
ڴϳ³һ󣬲ŤͷΧȥ漴ȴ¶һ˿Ц
ǰҲСΧ֮ͻƵľ飬ֶģȴǵһΡ
֮վ漴ȥ
ƿţŷ֣ʱѾվſڡ
һԷߵķΣݾ֪ŵĶѾ˾¥ˡ
Щߵ̬ȻѾһСڵȴݣȴδš
ͷ˿жϣݶ¥ʱ˼ֺøС
λ͹٣ûʲô°ɣ
һ߼˳æ΢΢Ϊĵѯʵ
ͻˣһЩλ¡ݲ˼ͷЦûһ߶Ժߵָ߰Զ
Ҳ΢һ¶һݸмæЦûϵʱпͻȻͻơǹȷһ¿˱İȫˡ
ŶԷ⻰ͷȴҲ΢΢һů¥շѹȻ쳣Ϊģȴ˲⡣
Ǻǣ˾ͶЩ¥ĹˡЦŵ˵ͷָͻƵʱһʱûпƺù¥ˡ޷ͳһ¼ֵΣһ⳥
ҲǲƴˣСǮȻҲ
ˣһЩѰ֮ˣҲͻˡⷿѾס˳ʾķƣС͸ٻһ䡣æʾ
ԣȻҲǿЩ׽˵ֵ쳣ԣȴһĲֵʵ㲻ʲôöһƷʯϼ

ûƴǣԼķơҲǿ齣˶Է֮ߵİ£סһڡ
ԣﾭͻͻƣһЩʶĿƺҲѾϰΪǼ֮⣬û˵Ĺע
ȻȻҲԸ

ڴϵٶȽǡ˳ϸ꣬漴ȴЩ桭
һƴСĻɫ۲棬Ȼӵ׵ľ޴ռ䣬ңмֵʮƷʯĲƸ
ӦãԳ֮Ϊ˰ɣ
һ֮Ҳٶ࿴һԵòŵĳǹ󽫲𿪣ʱ¶Ͻɫǹ
ⳤǹֻұκм֮󣬽ⳤǹףٻȡһЩõϵҩġȴѾûбҪˡǾŰɡպҲ˵׼
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һʶʱеġݵǰһ͸Ŀռͨƾճ֣֡ǽǳǹСͷٶһǳǹѾʧϡ
ݶʱ¶һ˿Цݡ⡰Ȼˡ
һԶģԼϵĶһһģǷˡ֮С
⡰д󲿷ֵ鶼ݵʶ֮Уݲٿءʶ⡰֮еκһƷݵľӡֻͷһתǶƾճԼС쳣
⡰ȻΪȴûа취뵽档
һ㣬Ҳ֪ġ
ΪƲϡռ֮ʯһּΪĴڡ޷ܳռ䡱֮κһ󷨡󷨵ĻΨһĺǡռ֮ʯȫ
ûˡռ֮ʯȻҲֻһͨĴӰˡ
ԣȻˡݻҪС񣬲ˡȻƾһȴҲΪ¡
ЩȴǱ˫ۣ붨ȥ
һһҹƣȻ֮һͻƣϵƣ͵õ˻ָھϣΪƣġ
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֮УڵʱݽöɫСܣҲˡ
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497 ۱
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⡰ܡƺǹżеһַ
ΪչҤڽʱͷҲӿһɫĻæסʱҤᵽϵ⣬ҲһΪܡı﷢ġ
νⱦﵽУǾݵġڹżҷ֮᲻鷳Ժ顣
õܡݵʵҲߣչ֮ƼҲǲӲһƷķĴ쾳ǿߣ

ܡˣǱϸѪɫȴǽ֮ˡ֮СֻΪⱦһ֪ǻԵĹݵԲʹʹð˪Ȼһ֪ǵ˲٣ʤںʡ
ꡰܡ֮ھ¥֮Ϣһաڶ峿ʱݣ߳˾¥š
ûǣԼκмԵʲôӵ˴ʲƸܹĶȻ͸ˡ

˴ţֱӱǳǾ۱˹ȥ
⼸Ȼһֱھ¥żҲ¥ȥԵ㶫֮УҲһΧǵ̸УҲõһЩõϢ
Ĺ㳡һɽ׳۵ĶһԶǼֵȽϵ̯ͣͲԼֵȴ᲻ûǮȥᶨƷ
һԣܹģüֵģǶƷٲΪƷаҩҩϣƽ󷨲ƪƷƷ似ķȵȡ
׶һ˵ᳬƷʯ
һЩΪﶼ˵Ʒ۸иеסвٶǷȴۡȴкܶĺöʵʼֵԶ
ʶһЩԳּʶԨ֮ϲԱǹ𡭡һγɹԱ׬һƷʯĲۡ˵׬ˡ
ȻԱĳɹʲ̫ߡϾ˭Ҳǰ׳ա󲿷мֵĶ˼һֱܹġҪǡѪᡱʵ̫ȥ̫ͨĻֻ¹Ҳûֺˡ
һһЩ˼죬ԴļһרŪһЩʵֵͨȴȽټĶ֮ŪĿȫǣȥޱȣҲĿ飬ƭˡ
ԣԱҲзյġ
ǡ۱֮Уȴǲͬ
۱ڣΪ
һ֣κҵķҲκұĶЩȻض˵ǶȻƷֻǼ۸ȴҲΪ
һ֣ͬ㳡һɽˡ
ǣ۵ĶͨԣƷֵҪĸ࡭ֻΪҪ⡰۱ŷѣ͸ߴһƷʯ
ǼֵߵƷ˭Ը֧ʶͨ쾳ǿ߶Զ˵ķã
ȻȻɽȻҲзա㳡һͨɺĿģҲڡ
˵㳡κм֮еͶ˵ĽĻô⡰۱ڣͿж˽ˡ
ڸ߶˽ס
ҲҪֵƷʯƷ֮ܳΪ߶ˡκм֮У̶ֵּȵĽףҲǲġˣΪ˷õؼ۸κмÿһ£רٰ̾һδǸʱ򣬲ŻƷƷƷҩ߰Ʒ似ķ󷨡ȵ䱦
Ȼ߶˽׶ݶԻЩңԶΪǵõҲ޷ӳȫʵġˣ粻
øڵϣݿƵõ˴ʲƸҲӻҪЩǮҪĵط
ӻ¥ڳһ٣¾Ҫʣˡ
һţһߣʱӴġ۱¡̧ͷһ֮˴š
λ˻Ǿ۱УһöƷʯ
յţؿһɫκֵĻסݡһ˵
һ˵ΪȻǴ쾳۷Ϊȴ΢Ϊһ¡
쾳۷ǿţκңǴֱʡ
漴Ҳûжʲôӻͳһö׼˵Ʒʯݸ
ллݹˡ롣
ǻƷʯҲһЩ˵ͷҲӹƷʯÿ˵·
ݵ˵ͷ˽ȥ

Ĵţ߶ʱԵİĿģһ޴Ŀտ
ռΪӴ۱ĵһ㣬ȫռݡڼһŸͼӣȥľơ
ǴλãһֱҲʮ׿ľ޴ʯһ¥ϣûһ֮С
֮ͷܶ˵֮ǲڶ
һƷʥҩ裡ʮöƷʯһ۸񣬻ȡͬƷҩ
ƷԹ䣬һǧöƷʯףȡƷͬԻ
ƷӡŭɷǿȫһľŰٰʮöƷʯ
ƷƲĸһ߰öƷʯ
ľƷľöƷʯףȡͬƷ׷Ա

һݵĶС΢һ֮ݾ³һҡͷ
ƷֵȻ֮Ҫ߳˲ٰ
пͬʱҲעЩߵΪֻЩһϵķ򲨶㶼ɲ⡭Ȼϵǿߣ쾳ģЩУٳ֡
쾳쾳һȹۼƸͱˡ
ֻΪе˸쾳֮󣬾ӵˡꡱӵˡꡱ֮󣬾Ϳʩչᡣ
Ҳ˵ÿˣϵ
Ҳ¡һʶԪѡֻҪʱ䣬вƸͿڷ뱾ˣֻҪꡱشҲʩչ֮
ʶһЩΣյĵطҲ͸ҷĴ󵨵ȥˡֻҪر𲻺ãܾۼʵĲƸ
ΣΣԽΣյĵطԽشԵ
Ϊǿĸ쾳ǿߣ۲ƸȻֻһ̫ΣյĵطĴ쾳ǿߣҪǿ̫̫ˡ
Ʒʯ˵ҲǴʲƸˡһ쾳ǿҪۼƸһеĻ̶̼ҲǲܹۼֲƸ


498 ɹ
վԭؿһ֮ݲųȥĿ⣬ŵϵ̯һĿš
Щ廨ţĿһȲƷҩҲĿĺȷǾơԼɢĲϡ
ݲδäĿĿʼɹȻ̶̵ʱѾ˲Ҫҩδ֣ȻЩ̯֮йš
⣬ʵϣȴڴ̽г
ɴûǿ߻۵мЩļֵҲ˿˽⡭óȻֻ֣±˵ɵɱҲһ
ȻдƸõĻãõġȻʡʡˡ
һ䣬Ǵ졣ݵջȴҲС
ΧЩ˵ּۻ۵Ĺ֮УڶЩĴżֵһģʶˡ
һԡͬһƷ׵ĳƷҩҩ֮ļֵ˼ࡣ˵ǰٱĲ࣡ԭΪƵҩǼΪѵһ¡ǳɹʲߣܺķʮʮݲϣҲһɹһö
ͬĳƷҩ֮ļֵҲвͬ⣬˶ˡ
ڴ쾳¶ԣƵĵҩƵĵҩļ۸Զġﵽ˸쾳֮ƵĵҩֵʱҪƵĵҩı˶ˡΪǸʱѾʩչᡱ֮ꡱҪԣȻҪԶԶˡ
Ȼ͵ģиġۻĵҩֱȽġȵȵȵȣһ㡣ݲͬ󣬼۸ȻҲвͬ
һԣֱȽ׵ĵҩ֮͵ĵҩҪϲ١

ҪľҩעģȻҲҩ
۲ôʱ䣬һ֮ſʼж
湽ôģ
վһ̯ǰƺĿ˿ָ̯֮һְֳҩѯʡ
̯һΪڸ쾳ϼĴꡣݵѯʣ̧ͷһۡ
֪⡰۱ǿƣ쾳Ϊ¶̫ĲƸǿɲʲô¡׼ÿʱͷһöį鵤޷ײ̽Ϊһʱ䣬̯Ҳʲô
öƷʯ
һҲʲô̯֮˵
öô
üǡ湽˿
⡰湽һƷҩһֳͬʱŴ޵ĵطЩ޵Ϣɳҩ
ȻҲҪơرĲ֮һ
ֻ⡰湽ְֳ󣬹̦޺զһȥһɱ
ݷڱͷ΢ᡭ湽нӽһʮˡҲҡΪһƲϡ
ȴδżŸǮһЦöƷʯ˰ɣ
̯΢΢һüͷЩõ湽ȻֻƷҩҪɼɲסҺķ˴ŴһѶȳ泲ѨԲɼġһɼ˶ʮ꣬ɶλȥġˡ
̯˵ӹһ˿졣
ȳ棡
ͷġƷ۷ޣңȺޣÿһֻӵƷ۷Ϊһѡȳ桱һ㶼ʮʮͷ̯ȻܴĳѨԲɼ湽ո˵󰡡
ţȴ˿⣬ȻЦ˵˵Ȼ湽ֻҩ޷áҪʧˣȻʲôҲʣˡ֮ǰǶʮֻ꣬һԱ˹˵İɣ࣬Ȼ޻˵ֻһˡ˵û˵ȥҡҡͷվ뿪
٣
̯һҪߣæѯʵ
ҩ׽Ķɲͬ׽磬ֻһȻǼ۸ˡĶ࣬űԭȻҪһЩ
磬ҩġֻһ꣬ûʲôáΪ󲿷ֵҩԣûκιЧġֻл˺ü֣Ƴɵҩܹ˷áԣĶԽ࣬۸񷴶ĸһЩٵĻ֪˼ǹѹۣҲû취ֻˡ
һöƷʯҾҪˡ֮ͣ󣬳һȽϹļ۸
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Ҳˬ죬¶һЦ󣬽湽ӻͳһöƷʯ׸˶ԷȻ뿪ˡ
仰ٻһƷʯ׬ˡ
ϲ̵š
ݼɹ˵һξ飬ֻЩֻʣһҩ̯ߡȻķ˲ʱ䣬ϢйҲˣݵǲż
һ¥Ȼ̯ҲǼࡣЩеƷҩҲǼࡣֻҪ䵥ģʱûãݶ֮дʲƸҲšϣȥƳɵҩ»ֱҩСҩӷٶҲȱ仺˿õЩҩ
ѾʼνƸһˡ

뿪۱ʱѾɽ
͸κмľ޴ɽκҼжȾ˽ɫñͼƵκмӵ׳ۣۼ
㳡ϣ˿ȴɽ˺
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üͷ
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һ¥¥ҩȻ٣ҲûСѪݡĴڡκΣ⡰ɢԡѪݡȴҪ٣ҲҪﵽϵġѪݡҩ
󲿷ֶֻһݵݵģϵĶټĪ˵ݵˡ
ݵġѪݡʵ۸ֻѾͨƷҩˡ
ӣֻȥ¥ˡ
ѪݡĹֻܲڡɢһ֣൤ҩõʶҲϱȽϳҩġȻݵıȽϺˣӦûǻеġ
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Ҳ֪κ⣬۸϶Ҫձƫߡԣҵм۸µĻȻáʵڲСҲֻȥκҩˡ
Ȼ۸ƷҩҲǼǧƷʯˡΪ˴̣Ƹʲô
뵽һ󣬳ž¥ȥ

һҹ޻
峿ٶˡ۱
յľ飬Եᳵ·Ǯֱ֮¥ȥ


499 κ
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ݵǰһĸòκʽɫȹΣΪﵽ쾳ŮӣְҵԵ΢Цѯʵ
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վĵطһ̨ڹ̨棬һȴšͨһӴĴáŴŵ࣬ȴһȡڹȴܿȶһķһŷӡžԽգҲ
£в˴¥ӿ¥һڹ̨ǰκҵŮǶԻѾ߽ԵȻӴԵú֡
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ȴû뵽⡰۱н¥ȴǿӴЩԶ쾳ģòŮһ̸֮ݲ֪Լˡ
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ȻһһȵϵƷȻ㲻ϡ䱦ȻᣬȻҪһ¥¥ĶĶࡣ
˵㳡Թ˿ͣһ죬Ļ۱һ¥¥ͿǶӦ졣ÿսеᣬǶӦˡ
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ǰߣ߼٣ǧƷʯܹ򵽡ߣ򣬼ƷʯмС
Чͬ۸ȻͬƷȽףûжĹϵ
ҪݵġѪݡۼֵĻѾﵽƷҩĳ̶ȡʶһ¥¥ɽûеġƣҲֻκҵУԼϣܼˡ

ҪĻǾģ
Ůְҵ˵ı飬һֱЦݿ䡣
ġݻص
ţԡŮ΢΢һЦҪڴþģڰᾺأ
룬Եķô㣿
õĻҪʮƷʯŷáĻҪƷʯŮشĺܿ졣
ʮ٣
һüͷΪԼˡ
ǵһΪǴõλǰλ޵ġһ棬ҲΪȷȷʵоĵʸ񡣡Ů΢Ц䡣
üƬ֮һ˵ͷȥɡ
Ů۾ʱ΢΢һ˵ͷЦ
˵ţ뿪˹̨ݣǸ
ˣһͬ˽֮С

ⴰϵľɣܴ߿棬ȴ޷ġ᷿󷨷µߣ޷ͨʶ̽ݵġ
ݽһ᷿
һװΪİᣬݶһž޴ҹ飬÷Ĺ߼Ϊ͡
İ輫Ϊ򵥣ȴийŵľ޴ԼмС輸輸ϰڷһЩʻ֮᷿Ҳŵ㡣
Щε棬Ǵ÷ĶһȾ޴شװһ龧壬᷿Ŀһ顣
ŮվſڣָǴ΢Цš
ԣʱŴϷ࣬ǡ᷿ܿȻֻܿһƬɫ᷿档
˵ͷһ֣һƬ˸𡣽ţԵĲ輸ϣһƷʯ
Ʒʯ㡣
ŮʶһɨʱǵЦŵͷƷʯû˵һ֣һƬ֮ϵƷʯʱʧ
⵹ûݸеȡ⡰ϣһλѣߴʮһٵƷʯԱûСɻǳĲ㡣
ǲ֪⡰Լģκҡ衱ǵģ
ȻߵĿԸһЩϾʮ׵ġɶˡ
ỹһͿʼˣԼҪĵıͨʯۡȻʯڵġӵģﾺģҲû֪ļ᷿ھĽ֮ĵıǻֱӸ͹ԣİȫ⣬ɷġ
ƷʯŮâһһʯ飬ݸݡ
΢΢ü˹һ֮󣬵˵ͷͷҲЩпȻ۸ʵˣҲܲ˵κҿǵĵȷǼΪġȻκҲ֪óȻǿƵĵطֳԼĲƸĻһΣյ顣ԣܶⶼǿǵ桭
κڲԱܶİ¡ĳҲԲõĻᱻʲô˶ˡ
õģ֪ˡȥɡ
ݵҲٶ˵ʲôŮ˻֡Ů΢Цͷת뿪˰ᡣ
һ᷿շƷʯκһǻ׬ǮҲû취Ϊ˷ֹһЩЩǮǻɡ
ݿĿ֮ϣĿĿһ˵̨ȴ΢΢˸
ʵ̫ˣȥﾺģĳ˵ע⣬Ϊӡ
ȻС\ʼסܲ鷳ǾҪǵĺáϾԺȻҪκмġʲôǿ߸ϣչ飬ʲô¡
ĿǰֻȻ쳣ƺҲֵ֮ݲصԼᱻ˭ˡ

᷿֮оĵȴῪʼ֮У֮ǰŮֽһΡһΣݴһˮڸ֮󣬱˳ȥ
ʱܿʧ˹ȥ
ڣһκʽװߣӴ̨̨λã
Ǻǡλ˾õˡӭκмСκ࣬ΪˡϻҲٶ˵յᣬʽʼ
ӴֱӴﵽ᷿档ݵľʱ΢΢һ𣬶ֱ
һЩʲôأ
ҪĿǡѪݡĶĲеΧ֮ڵĻҲǲġ
棬ǵһƷ
κòΪЦҲΪ׺Ļ޳òŮӣź΢Цһǵ̣Ӻ̨
һֱߵǰ̨֮κЦһʢЦһɡ񺮾ɵˮƷ񽣡


500 Ѫݵ
֪񺮾ɲô׵õģֻ⺣ʮµĺףܲɼĵʣܳʮʮ⺮ȻֻƷȴнһĿԡԡļۣǧƷʯÿμӼۣһǧ
κһƿ˺ɫУ¶һˮĳ
ߣ̣ͨȥһɫ䣬ͨ·ɢһŨĺ⣡
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᷿еݶеĲ豭Ʒһ֮ȴ΢˸ĿŴ
ܽеƷȻǼΪֵǮ⺮ȻֻƷֻҪһ裬ұΪﵽȥ֮϶ôһھһƷﰡ
ҡҡͷôһ۸ѾˡǧƷʯˡ
֪еĵȼΪơĸȼÿһȼȴַΪ£УϣĸΡÿԾһΣֵм
һԣһƷĹͱļ۸ٵ֮߰䡣ƷͱļֵҲֻǧǧƷʯ֮ˡ
һ񽣡ȴѾ߳λһˡ
ӣռ۸Ӧûﵽһ嵽֮䡭һΪԼĲƸѾ˵ģЩһȡԶ
뵽ݾЩȲϽ鶼ףȻͻ佣ڡȻƵҩʵĲƸˡ
յһףǧƷʯѾֻʣµҡ㹺һǧƷʯҩгһЩҩ֮⣬ٲֵƷҩƷҩֻ֮Ҫǡ䵥˵ģ֮Եͼ۹
ȻĿģȻҪƵҩˡ
ҩƵĳɹʣЩҩڱûֵ䵽ǿɾǴʴʵĲƸ
Ҫ֪һͨƷҩֻҪһʮöƷʯܸ㶨һöƷƷҩ۸ҲҪƷʯϣЩ˵ҩǿܴﵽǧƷʯ
ǶٱĲۣ˵ǱҲû˻ᷴ԰ɣ˭ôӣɹôأҲû취¡

ипŵʱϵľۻڳšʱ۸ѾﵽˡһǧƷʯˡ
ҪӼô
̨ϵκ¶Цݡ۸ֱڴģӦǴĳﴫġԣҲ֪˭ļۡ
ȥ⡰һǧƷʯӦѾﵽһޡʶκһ֮ȴûپƣߺۡ
һǧƷʯһΣһǧƷʯΡһǧƷʯΣϲλñ񺮾ɵƷﺮ񽣡󣬻йԱϵġ
κ¶ЦݣЦ
溰۵飬Ȼ󲿷˶Ѿϰߣʶû˸оȡ
Ů񽣡˺̨ͬʱŮŴиŵ
棬ǽյĵڶ
ᣬɵļ

ʱȻţʱѾȥһʱʱѾ˶ʮ
аҩҩƲϣƷ似ӡͼƪȵȵȵȡճɽǧƷʯǧƷʯ֮䲻ȡǡ񽣡ѾֵļʮƷ֮У۸Ϊˡ
ȻῪѹƷһԣһΪĶĿģΪŪ棬úƷĳߵļ۸
ǰʱȥ
һƷ
κȻһЦݣŮߵߡһۺƿ˺С
ݵѪһݣʮˡ
ֵʱһֱδڵݣʱ΢΢һ٣۾
Ȼˡ
ݵ¶һ˿ϲɫ
ѪݡһڻɽҽڵҩȻƷײߣֻĽװˡݳġѪݡȴǼΪܹģǼΪѪݵô࣬Ϊ˵ҩҩҲǿΪĵҩΪһѪʮأǼΪļһǧƷʯÿξƣһƷʯ
κ΢ЦţΪϸĶԡѪݡһܡ
ݵһʱȵľ⡰ѪݡδżźۣĿ⾼ɨһ۴ãȴš
һǧƷʯȻκĻû¶ãֱӿں˳
һǧƷʯ˵û¶ã˾ƺ
һǧˡ
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ȥݵġѪݡΪѵãⳡҪõ˲ࡣ۸ǵĲ졣кЩ˳ۣһֱǧƷʯ֮󣬾û˳ˡ
ǧƷʯûмӼ۵ģκȻѯһ
ݳĬƬ̣ĿɨһۣȷѾûٳ֮Աߵʯ
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ֱڿտĴϣ
ų۵ǧƷʯģǴúһȥΪߣϿճֵĲŮ֮΢漴ҡͷЦЦ˳˾ۡ
ǧƷʯ˳ô
κԣЦѯʡ
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ϣһ¶һ˿Цݡ
ĵˡ۸Ҳλ֮£
ڣҪŬԼˡԼ쾳֮󣬾ɢʱ򣬴̡
뵽̣ݵϣɵ¶Цݡ

ᣬֽ˰ʱ֮
ȻֻһһȵᣬĵƷȻҲ㲻жáǿʱġ񽣡֮⣬ţҲֻѹƷȽֵǮˡ
ǼĳǧƷʯۡݾ̾һѡƷݶȴûжô
һƷķ
ú󣬾Ůݵķ䣬µġѪݡ
Ѫݡ֮ٶ¶Цݡˬģֱһ֣ڵǧƷʯ
ŮĵУֱ뿪ˡ۱


κмȻ֣ʱ䣬Ѿ硣
ݲδǰɽֱӻص˾¥֮С
ķʱ䣬졣
Ҫ飬඼ѾסҲֻʣһˡ
ڴϣݳš
֮һһâ֮С
һƬƵĹͼԼһصĹž


501 Ϲš
κмǿƣκǲСӦܹҵܹʶ˰ɣ
ţ²ٳɣߵһԵǰ̯֮һֽһԵıʡ
㽫žһҳ֮Ƭ̣ͷϸ
ʱֽ֮ϣѾ˺Щֵķšǹž֮е֣
ݵȻժ¼ĴмѡһЩԶַȻдġԼĪʮҡ
ЩݶֽϴһīٸɡȻСĵȻ߳˷䡣
µһ¥¥ڵǲ󷹲˾
ˣҪһЩʲô
һλԱľɫʹæѯʵ
Сˣһƾͺá˵
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ˣʲôԸתȻЦ档
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ݵ˵ͷ֪κмڣʲôпʶЩ֣
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ת׵ĵطͿԿˡ߶Щط
֮ݵ˵ͷЦлˡȥɡ
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󡭡רŰ˼֮ĵطţ˵Ҳмֿܡܰ˼ƷȻҪй㲩ʶ
Ŀ΢΢аͷ󣬽ֽۺá

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ʱκмΪֵʱ򡣽ֵһȶǼΪ
ݳ˾¥Եķ߶ȥȻԼĪףһݻĸ¥ǳ
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󡱵ƺΪſҲв˽Щ֮ϴϲɫЩһʧҡͷ̾Ϣвͬ
רŰ˼Լʶ֮ĵطǲÿһԼʶĶֵǮġ
ÿһҪ֧һʼõġԣĶǺöΪֵǮȻĻϲûʲô˵ˡеĶֵֻͨͨǮȻʧǰװ׵ʧ˼ˡ
ȻˣҲ͡˻ϲ˳ˡ
˼ۣݱ߽ˡ󡱡
һΪĴڷ˺ЩŹЪϢӡ
˳ǽڣһĹ̨̨ڣвٿȥΪΪȴǼڵСڹ̨⣬вٵվǰȴŸԴƷļ
ţǺǣѵһҩ
ո⡰󡱣ݶ߾һдżŤͷһ
ֻſڲԶĵطʱһģվڹ̨ǰĹ̨棬һϸĶһеҩ֮¶˼ɫ
һ⻰ʱ۾æѯʣ⡭ʲôҩ
߿һ֮¶һЦݣһݣڼΪƷҩֻ޵ĳѨ޷֮һļʿǣΪҩƷ޸ҩıرҩ֮һ۸ձҪͨƷҩҪһţܲ
ʱ¶˼־ϲ֮ɫжѾЩ˵棬ȥĻܣܵöƷʯأ
ǻѩ׵ĺ룬ҲǧƷʯϡȥ۸ӦûһЩ˵ţеҩ˻ꡣ
һǧƷʯӻʱһоϲϵʶΪҲ쾳ڵ۷ĳ̶ȰˡǧƷʯ˵ӦòһСĿ
ݲ¶ɫɨһСнӹҩϸһ֮ĿҲ΢΢һ
Ȼǰݡܸмأݿɲ׵õڻҰ֮У޵ĳѨҲǼΪġңһ죬϶ᱻΧ޸̷Ϊʶ˶ͷȴмܱʶġ¶һ˿Цݣӣ󣬹Ȼ鴫
а룬ǱߵѾСĵĽǡݡ˻УȻִӻȡʮöƷʯ˹̨ϣлˡ˵꣬첽뿪ˡ󡱡
֮󣬳귽վλ˹ȥ
պ˹̨ϵƷʯ㿴߹ӣЦλ͹ʲôҪô
¶һЦݣΪĵ˵ͷȷʵһ
Ǻǣó࿴ɡǻߵͷһЦ˵
ݵ˵ͷҲϻǽժ¼ֽӻȡ˳ݸߡ
һеֽе¶˼⡣ǽ˹ȥ֮չ
ףǡ
Ŀɨֽϵ壬Ȼ¶˼֮ɫ΢΢ѩ׵üͷ֮ϸĿȥ
ҲЩڴʵʶֽϵ֣
ߴͷһ̧֮ͷݵ⣬Ӧժ¼İɣ
һһ˵۾ʱһ̹ȻͷЦȻǻ档
ߺǺһЦ˵ͷţȷʶϹʱڣӡһ֡
Ϲŵġ֣ش𣬵¶˼ɫ
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ȥһƬĺ򡣱ͳΪ򡱡
⡰򡱣ӦǴ½֮ΪյĵطҲ½ġ
޺޼ɣ½ʮյ֮УǰļյأԶ⡰֮УǿߣУҲֻһ;
ԡΪԲġϷ⡰ϡ֮ΪĮ֮Ϊ֮Ϊ

Ȼĺ򡱼ΪҪᴩǼ½֮䣬½֮ԣˣܽ½֪
򡱣ǷѧԨԴ֮أ
ݻû뵽Щص֣ȻңԶġ򡱣


502 뿪
ΣҪҷô
˼ţǻȴѾڣĳ˼
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˵꣬ݾǽֽ˻֮ת˳ȥ

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·ϣݵ¶˼Цݡ
û߷롣
ʵϣһʼݾû㽫ǹžͼó˷롣
ǹžпһؼ˷룬˵ؼǸ˶Է
ȻؼС¡ԷĻϲ⣬ʱŪһЩ󡭡һԼҪ⣿
ݿɲԼַСν֮Ĳޡ飬СΪ
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񣬻Ѿ𰸡ӻߵ̬УҲȫܶ϶Է˵ľʵ
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һκм֮УջԶԶҵϡӣ׬ȡô飬ʱһˡȥơȻҪһ嵽졣Ȼ󡭡Ϳơɢˡ
Ѿص˷ڴϣ¶˼ЦΡ
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Щҩ䵽ݵУȻһ޷ĲƸˡ
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˴ΪԶǴ쾳۷ϵΪһϴһ˵꣬ǿΪǿȣֻоޡ
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ƤڵһԷģգһ۾ŤͷԷ
ԣңϱȻСǸֻ˶Ŀİˣʮƶĵ˵

һ֣Ƥڵа̵꣬ͬʱ۾һ
ǿǡ˵ǼΪĶֻСʮ׿ռġȥĻܹĵƷʯϵļ۸
õģﵽǧ׿ռģĵϰǧƷʯļ۸񰡣
ܵõĻ
˵У¶Ṵ̃
ٺ١ǶˣСһﵹùˡ
ƤڵĴ꣬ǣٺЦ˳

ʱݲ֪ԼѾ˶ˣڰ˷
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Ǻǣһ
ЦЦ֮󣬰ף߳˾¥
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а̵ˣæ˵
æ˼öƷʯ֮󣬽ȥ

κмһţݣȴ̧ͷ¶˼֮ɫ
УвƮȻ˻𽡭
һ֮ȴҡͷЦ
ûĽĽ˼ܷɣҷɡ
ЩˣҪȻӵǿʵҪȻӵвıʶŸҡ
ȻȻС\ʼסҲǲܷСǣ׵ǰСˡ
Ϊ̫ˡȥֻǸ˼ңԼӵһԷеıȻ˼ˡ
һ磬ڲӵбԼʵ֮ǰԳΨһɱ֮
ԣݲҷɡ뿪ʱ򣬻ҪһΡĴڡ
ǿΨбǿѰ
˼䡣һջĿ⣬κм֮ȥ
κмһ޼ʵĻҰɽ
һʼһЩȻʱƣģҲԽϡ
С֮неݣȴͻȻ΢΢һ𣬶üͷ
΢һ˿â漴ͻȻӿٶȡ


503 ϣ
ףôͻȻˣѵˣ
֮ĻҰ֮ϣӰĸ
ͻȻٵʱоݵɫͻȻ΢΢һ䡣
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һƤڵȴЦһΪ⡣漴ȴüֹСӵٶȵǲӣһֺ
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а̵һ£ΣʱģӰ˳ȥ

۵棡
ʩչĵ粽쵽˼£ľĳˡٶ֮죬Ϊһߡ
ʦֶԵκмܱ߼ΪΣգӣȻšû뵽ʱల¡ߣȴǱ˶ˡ
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йʶѾһ˿䡣ֻҪ˵ʶϣܹԼĲ
һ˿˿̽ĸоӸո뿪κмʱݾѾоˡ
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Ȼһ·Ѿ˽ٹǿ֮лâڱٳٶ۵ˣҲҪӦˡοԳƲϡٶۡݣ
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ˣΪ쾳۷Ϊһ˲ǳӦǸ쾳ǿߡ
Ŀоâ˸аԲ²⡣
쾳ϵߣֲ޷׼ȷεġ˼Ȼ쾳۷Ϊ飬ôпܾǸ쾳پһ㣬žǸ쾳ڻڡ
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΢һ֮мƽϣһתݡһֱӳԶɽַ򣬱ȥ

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ٶͬҪһ˲׷ʹõ粽ݣҲһ򵥵顣
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뿪Ƭ̣ҲѾ֡˸ŽɫĹâٶȣȻԲ࣬ʶܹĸ
ͬҲĿһɨҲûзʲô֮һǰڻĻѩۼͣ׷ȥ
ھ뿪Ƭ֮ǻ˸ɫâƤڵĴ꣬Ǳж
ο֮࣬Ҳ˿׾ɬֻǣǰȣǾԵ̫ˡ
Ͼ֮УԹǿǣٶȴġ


504 ɱ

߱ţĿлһĿǰĿи֮ɫ˸
ѵҪǰһǳ⣬Լȵˣ
һ뵽һӵĲʡ
ֻΪԼԣ
ÿÿԵķʵԼΪһ㡣ǡٶȷ棬ȴʵЩˡ
ԼˣκмҲһˡÿһ׷ɱ飬һϵÿÿϵʱսѾˡ
Ȼ˵ٳһЩǣ߽׶εʱҲǷֵٵһ
գ˵ٶȣͿ׷Ϊٶ̫Ŀ֮£˲űͬٶȡ
ϾҲ쾳ˡٶٿ죬ҲܿһһȼԼ⣬׷϶Էǳ顭
ȴû뵽ﲻ֪ǳԴʲôҩȻͻȻʧ٣һ£ֽϵԸĻˡ
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ԣŬļӿٶȣΪɱΪռô
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ȫʧȥϢ壬ӿе
Ȼûеأֻһ˸𡭡壬ֱʧ˰֮С
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ɻĿ˰ꡣ
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磬ܾʧٵġǡ
æܵ˰ԣ֮ϣ˳˼ֻɫ
Ԫղһս
ɫĻ˾Ļ
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ꡰͻȻ˵þ΢һ͵һۣ漴Ŀ¶ֽŵĿܡ֪ʲô˳֡
Ȼصܣȴû˻شĻ˼ΣȴֻԼص֮У˻Ӧ
ݣӵϵ˰̺ۣԳ
磬⡭û˻Ӧô죿
һڿˮЩ
ǺΪ൱ȴߡ
ǿľǷȻܻô̵ʱʧȥټĺۼȻǱֱɱˣɱܵˡǿ̶ֱԼǲǡ
뵽ǽš
ȴݣ֮һ׷ߣͷ¶βļһǿΣҶҳ֣ңز
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ǿߣѾƷֻҪԼ߷ͬʱ䣬ҲˡȻḶĴۣȴҲ˼
һ룬ԼļҲǴ֮һǿ߶Լ˵޷սʤԼļ˵ȴʲô


505 ս
ô˵ҲҵӵܡȻǺĵϵӵܣԼɱ˵Ҳһɣʱ򣬹컹죬ֲ˺ôˣ
ȻˣԼα
뵽ɫɴһ˵ôһ󣬽¾Ѿ׷ȥ
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Ψһͷ۵ľį鵤Էį鵤Ҹ֪λʲôطȴˡ
üͷЩꡣǣǲʡ˵ʲôҲҪȡһ²ǣ
һŭ뿪ˣȻȴЩˡ
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֮ʱУһݲţԼ⡭

顱
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֣նһ˵ɱϣ
ô
Ȼݣȴ·ûиܵԶԷǿѹƣֻһЦǾͣ԰ɡ
أ֮ͫУͽȻ˸һ˿â
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Цһ׼˵ʲôȴͻȻɫͻȻһͫȻһ
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Ŀһ˿죬漴ȴǶʱʲôɨݣ깥ط͵ϮǿֱӺɱѹ
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дżĿ
Ȼ֪϶ûа취ֱɱ쾳ǿһɱ쾳ǿߵġȴû뵽⹥ȻԷġʶ֮š޷
г֮ô
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Сӣѡ񡣡￴̧ͷ˵ݡ
һϵб깥طѸңҿһ
ڶ
ϵƣͻȻݣĴѡ񡣡
̧ͷ֮󣬵˵ͷáѡ
΢һع񣬾Ц
ԭһ䣬ҲηӦݵΣȴѾˡ
ֻ΢΢ǰһ磬ˣȻ·һ磬ǿһʱһ㣡
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ѩ衱

䣬Ҳ޷ѹؿڵŭӭݻûΣȥ
һսʹչ

һ֮䣬ϣӿ˳
Χ¶Ȼθߣ˱ѩľҲ˲˱ѩȼճ˻ҽ
￴ܼĻ湥֮УǾҪ˵ġ
ֻΪԷӲҪĻôȴģֻˣ


506 ս쾳
Ը쾳Ļ棬ֻҪմȾһ˿Ҳ쾳ڡݼΪܣ
¶һ˿Ц쾳ѣȻҲսǡ
ȻЦδһİ׹⣬ȴͻȻ
⽣ڸ쾳˵ȻȴͷȻһ
Էôģ
Ȼǰ͸ֳݵĽõӰͬʱ˶Է
һ
ݣ
һ̫ˣ˽ľ룬ҲȫûбܿĿԡ
䣬䲻ݷ֮䣬̧֣ðźɫԪȭͷֱһȭӳ
飡
ﲻǸ쾳ǿߣԪǿȱ֮ݲ֪ǿ˶ٱһȭȥǽâʱһ飡

ৣ
齣âɫĴһ˳ӣǿԪȭͷֱӣŽâ֮Ӱӻȥ

ǿԪĿǾҵĺХһȭǻʵţҪȥ
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ֻݿȭͷȴδָеĻң¶һ˿Цһ룬ȭͷݺݴ͸ݵӰ
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ݵΣǰɢͫףҲȻһ
䣡
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ڴʱٶ𡣶һΣȴǴӱ

һǿϼֱֵ
ݶʱ΢һ£ϾǸ쾳ǿߣȻڵһʱͻعŤĳֱһȭӳ

飡
âٶ飬ȭͷٶȽݵӰͬâֱӴ͸

ȻֻһӰȭͷϵԪ֮ݵٶһΣȴͷ
âХһεĽâȻٶȱһΣǿһ֣
쵰
սʹչ

ԲѾȫռݣѾһƬ𺣡
һݺŰͣսƻ
һַٶƵʱŷλˣѾһâڷԲһķΧ֮תŲţҪҵݵı
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ˣҲȲȥˡ˵׼Ҫ﷭ˣ
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㣡
ݶʱ΢һ죬漴ȴһŭ
Է֮е䳰ȷ
Ը쾳ǿߵܣȻҪչ֮ʰһ쾳ߣ˵ģʤȴҲж
ȻȴѾܲô࡭Сӹ̫죬öԷۼһЩǵӵһɱԼĿܣ
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漴ݺݵһ֣ȻߣҲС֮㹦ΣھԵǰһжֻˣѵһô
һֻЦĶ￴Ҳ˵
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𣿡֮£ȴֻһ̧ͷҽ㣬ֻҲˡ
㣡һ仰Ȼɴ۾ͷһŭɱҲ޷ѹƣ


507 
𣿺ãϷձɱ㣡ãкã
һŭ֮ѹõŭ⣬ȫ汬
ָֻһգĿ⸩ݣŭȵȥɣ
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𣡡
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ȻȴǼʱǴ׳ĹųХ֮Ѿֱӳˡ
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ķˣ

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ɫѾԶɽҰ֮Уֻһء𡱵֮ԼƮƮѩ֮

һƳ֮Сɽ֮У˳
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ңˡʱΪ谭ǹƬ̣ԡ֮Ժ䡭ǣ֮£һЩˡ
ȻʵҵȷǸ쾳ǿߵĶ֡Ƿ̫֮ǿˡ
һ뵽Ǻ嫵ݵüͷ΢ǵȼѹƣٶıҲȲġ
ҵĹԷʶ֮Ŷѹ˶˵쾳쾳ֻһȽסʵϣȴǴĵһ嵽˵ڶĲ࡭̫ˡ
ҡҡͷһս˸쾳ǿߵĿֲ֮Ҳ׵ΪǵȫҲԲǸ쾳ǿߵĶ֡
ңԷûʹʹãǡ
вӿ𼸷ֺ¡죬áֻҪ΢һ㡭һˣ¾ȥ޻ˡ
ӣԼĽյľЩ̫óȻң\ʼסҲʵΪ̡
쾳ǿսݵΪԷֻҪſƣ\ʼס޷չ̸ֺʲôӿйˣǰ뷨Ȼ̫뵱Ȼˡ
쾳쾳ȻǽȻֲͬε
Щεš
ʵݶԼҪ̫һЩյս˵ȥֻǸ˶Ҫ𾪵ˤ۾
һ쾳ڡս֮ѹһ쾳ڡǿߣǺεԺյսҪ֪֮Ĳ࣬ɲֻһȽô򵥰
Ǵ쾳۷ǿߣ쾳ǿ߶սҲԲ˵ıݸã
Ͼ߲̫ˡݣ쾳ΪԸѹƣܹڹؼʱ죬Ѿ԰ˡ
ûϵļʶ˸쾳ǿߵֶˡ򹥻֮Уӵǣ⣬ӦþǸ쾳ǿ쾳ǿߣĲͬ˰ɣ
Ĺǹ֮дġ֮ңԼԾʱǱѾȥȻһת䣬ֳԼ׷쾳µǿߣǾԲеġ
ңӵǵԪ·֮ͨĹӵǿ󡭡Ҳ֪ǲǻþ
üͷ֮ٶһûϵҵΣȻҲ֪ˡ𣿵е˸쾳Ҫֽһ
˫΢΢
֮󡭡
ձȸϻʶ˴ͼҲڿЯŰ˻ᷢˡ
뵽ݲٺ˼롣ѹԺзҵ뷨˫ۣ붨ȥ
峿˵ҩ־һҹݵѾָ˴롣
ɽٿ޵ʬ壬ûз֮֡ڿն𣬳ʶķ򣬻ɶȥ


508 
ѩȻźХƮƮʣأһƬ֮С
ʶϣ󻪹߾֮ǧһƬɽ֮С
ľȻ䣬ܿٵƷ׵ޣҰ޵Σڲľ֮䣬һζһĵζ
һӰľ֮У˳Ǹƣȴ뱻ѩס˵ɽ֮ǰ
´˺ü֮ų³һ¶˼Цݡ
ݣ
ûҴ·
һסֹһ
һƬɽҰ֮Уľ洦ɼɽҲǾϡ١ݵļȷǷͬһĻ治ҵ
һʱ䣬һηصûкķ̫ʱ䣬ֻ˾졣һ·ҲûɱʲôޡˣҲƵУʲôǷǡʶջƻ֮ʱִʶ
ʶнͼ֪ȡ֮ʶһƵЪϢһաϣŴ³š
ʱ䣬ʱ
бţݵֱһһâʱƾС
˴ȻҪ̫ˡ
¶ЦݣͷЩпֻö֮ȡһöϣüͷ΢һһ⣬ʱϵĽֱ֮ӻǰĿռ֮С
̼䣬һâ˸һƬ֮ƾգһ󶴡
վִڵӣʱ˶ŤͷǰĴڣݡ
Ǻˣ
λ粻ݵ뿪ʱִڵˣȻʶݡʶüͷһ壬ѯʡ
λʦ³ݣǰɻʦ֮£³ɹµɻʦֵĽλʦֹĿ
һЦϵĽǵˡ
һۣҲһǰһʶʱ֮ɨȥ
ŵʱҪ˼ԼƵġûУǺпܻᱻ̽ŵĵץסȻϵġ
֮Уļ˵òʶѶϢ
ǰģ£ߣȴǾ޷ģ³ġ֮䣬Ǿûȫһʶġÿһˣӵضʶ
ƾ衰ٻѰݣģһ˿ʶһϾͿԿʶԡ
ݵϣӵԼʶġԣҪʹǷǱˣֻҪʶӦһݵʶȻٶԱһ֮صʶͿˡû˿Էġ
һݸζ洫ӣȻӵȨصŵȻΪһ˻ȻҪܼˡ
ݰĵȴ
Ȼδȵ̫áƬ֮󡭡
ţ뽣㶼󡣡
˵˵ͷڵ
ڼصݵʶɻĽصȴɻʶԼһдѶϢ
ɡ
һһ˵üͷʱ΢չһЩҲһ㣬ݵͷ˵
лʦ֡
΢Цŵ˵ͷ˴֮С
һУݶʱ͸оһŨ˲Ƿӵʵĸо·һ˲佫ȫë׶忪һ㡣
ݣҲ̲סһ³һ¶˼ָп֮УȻҪ̫ˡ
ĿģһƬ̵绨ڣﻹֵķѩƮҡ֮ɫ
һ˲䣬ӹҵĸо
ǰûоһλȴŸоԼ֪֮У佣ڣȻҲѾһ˿ˡ
뵽ݲ³һ
ʦܣơ
ɻὣĵӣ飬ȴǻһЦҲûиож֡
ϣÿһŵӣ᲻ͬĶԼ֮ʱͬҲָо
Ե֮Ц˵
Ŷллʦ֡
æع񣬽ӹȥ֮¶һЦݡ
Ǻǣˣȥɡ
ǵ΢΢˵ͷЦ
ţǡ
ԣȻҲһЦ֮󣬳ȥ

һʱ䣬һ뿪佣ڵʱ䣬ǰǰʮ졣ʮʱڵһжûжٵı仯
̺ľ£Ƶɽ壬ľ֣ԼЩɫɫּյķݣޡһжԵǰϤá
һ·ߣһ·ۿУȴ˼ָд
֮ǰĸоһ֪֮У佣ڣҲѾһݸˡ
Ȼݸдδ̫ʱ䣬һǽ֮ѹסס󣬼ӿٶȡ
ϼһЩȥϼ壬籨ƽȻٷسɡ
ţݼӿٶȡ

δ̫ãϼɽ£һεľ飬һԵΪϤ
ɽŵϼȻѾһεˣһݽɻ˳ȻҲΪݣɽ
ʱѾᳵ·εľԺ⡣
ŻյĴţȴ¶һЦݣ˹ȥ
ַϣ׼Ҫƽȥʱ򡭡һȴԺڣ˳
ʦܣ˵ҪεġϷҲǹСʦõʶѯһˡƾ޾ݣ޶˶˵ĴôһñϷͷϡߣǵϷۣ
⣬żԵļ˿εζݵĶʱһ٣üͷ
ϣ̫浱ΪҲһսô
ִ֮һԴżַŭĺǳ֮ΪϤ
һսǣʦֳ֣ʦʦддΣ˵ģʦһҪ̼ʦ̵ĵӣһء
ո£һԴżŲ
սսѵ֣ɣ
һŭ𣬽ţԺ֮ڣʱһŨķ֮
Ƿֵ֮˲䣬һ˿ڶԷĽȻͬķ֮Ҳͬʱ˳
˴ʱﻹ֪£
üͷʱһ壬Ҳ룬ֱƿ˴š
ǰʱȻһʣݣʱǿΣ
ֻټһԺ䣬Ѿۼ˲ٵˡЩ˷ֳμ໥š
Щ˵ΪһۿȥԶ޷͸ǳĴڡһʶǼΪޣȥٶǸ쾳ϵǿߡ
ʱУӯǿƵˣ໥ţһɽŵķΧܡ
һɨȥʱϳǶˣΪ֣ˡ
ߣݿһĿâ˸ݵΡ


509 εʵ
ԣʮˣЩһݶһƬ࣬ĶǵĶ֡
ǵĶ֣Ҳʮˣһ࣬ǡǡ෴һ¶ζƵЦݣһ֪ר¶ġ
˫˵עȻ˳Ͻŵǡ֣˵ϡݵŶ룬ûκ˵ע⡣
ˣʦֵĸˡ
֣֮УȻżζ
Ϊ֣ģһӣΪǱݣò޴ӵ֪ϵΪҪȵյǿĶ࡭
ƶѾȫſˣ˵쾳ڵô£޷ġǡֲΣſ֮ѾĿꡣ
˫Ϣʶ˶ԷȫѹƣʶȻſƣʵѹڶԷϣ©ģֻǼٲ֣ΧӰ컹ǼСġ
ʶֻоһɶԽֲĺѹ֮Уûһ֮ʱֱѹƵԪ޷תĸо
ЩˣѵԪһĵӣ
һ֮ݵıȴЩǰЩˣȻǡ洫ӡ
ϼѾ̨𣿡
айϼȻǷǳġϾԼҲġ
ֻǵʱô˵Ҳֻڰܻû˺Ƥġ
Ѿȫ
ղᵽʦáʦãӦþλ˵ĺ֪ɣǣѵʦãǱԪһ˵Ĳɣ
üаԲ²š
ԭسĬƬ֮ȴûѡóȻǰſھ̬
˵ڵΪ뵽һ洫ӵ֮УʵǺܲǵġϾķʲôսΪҲȷ岻ʲô֡пƽǻˡ
ǣ鷳ˣݾʹת뿪Ҳ
δΣһ˳ơԷ鷳ˣݶֻԼԼУһʲôʲô壿
οҲȫȻãҲС\ʼס̡
ؼʱ̣Թǣһ¶֣һЩᣬģ
Ͼǿ߽սʤһ˲䡣ݵĹϢͻȻɱЩ洫ӣֻҲһݵľ졣ֻҪôһʱ䣬սֻܹд
ȿɡ
ţݰתû˹עԼϢĿ֮Уǰ˸һǳɫĹâ
һߵĳ棬ȴҪһ

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ȻѾȫıŭҧͺ֮󣬳˫ۣԪʱҪ֡
Ȼʱһֻ޳ƣȴǰ
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ȻĻδ˵꣬ȴѾ̧ͷҡҡͷĿ˵
ʱһĿѪɫ΢΢һ㣬Ĭ˵
εĿ⣬ȴͶ˶档ĿһһɨˣĿɨˣݶ΢΢һ䣬ͷһ
ԷĿȻƽ·𡭡ĳֲֿŬѹš
ʲô
˾ɲȫŵ֣Ҳ΢΢һ䣬
εĿ⣬ɨһһϮ£͸¶һɱ¾ϢĮϡ
޳ģͦȻƤȴǰĽ͸һֽ̬ĸоһ˫ĵ֮Уȴ͸¶ζЦ⡣
εĿ⣬ȴǰ΢䣬Ǵһ˿Ц⣬ԽУ¶һơ
Ȼһ룬飬ȴȻһ䡣
ֻεϣһŨ£صķɱ¾֮ǹǿҵƣ˲䣬ǽ˶˽ȥ
ۣ
ſƵ֣׵壬һף󣬶ʱһѪ˼֮󣬷žغ죿
һˣ¶ʧɫ
죿ΣȻȻһ
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ȻĻȴ˵
ĿŷſƣѹΪ֮һϵΣǲš
ȻʵǰеĲʣֻǲʰˣ
ξĿȻ˫ԽƽϵϢȴԽĿֲǰеˣһɫǲ԰׵û˿Ѫɫ
ԶݣͬҲǸܵһɶԿֲǿƣԪ˲ȫѹڣ֮ϣû˿Ѫɫ
죿ΣȻǿߣ
ɫ԰׵û˿ѪɫԴһѣ·ŵһŨѪ֮ζɺƵ֮£Ѿˡ
̧ͷҧա
գͷųǿϢȾһƬŨѪɫ
Σ㣬ɱǣңǱϾϼĵӣɱǣŹز׷Ź㣡ʦҲҪܵǣ
ʱһʧȴǴӶһ֮У
ɱ˲΢һϡƬ֮ǺƵƣɢˡ
űɱֵˣɢ˲䣬һȻ֮ϣȻſ־֮ɫ
ղһ˲䣬Ƿ·ڹŹһ

εͷƽɱȴ
㣡
ɫ԰׵ĺ۾һɣҪ˵
ʱһ洫ӣæסʦ֣
ʱһ٣г˲裬ĶѾͷΡָΪ֮ɫ
ߣ
޵ԹһۣдŨ裬һߡֳڣת뿪
˶ٶһٲ˿ŵı֣ǱĳŴȥ
ΪεѹסǣɢʶӰ첻
ſڵʵ̫ͣεȻǸоһ·ղһ˲ѹƣѾһһ㣡
ת뿪ĺһȻűߵݡˣ鶼΢΢һղеע໥֮ϣû⵽ݡ
ֻ࣬ɨһ֮󣬱Ҳٹע
Ȼֻŵӵ˳ЩŹ֣ѾûȥЩ


510 ֮
ûݣֱӴ˳ȥˣȻûйĹעҲǴ˹ȥ
Ψеһˣݵʱɫ΢΢һ¶˼ɻ󡣲Ҳûţ֮󣬸˳ȥ
ʱԺڣ徻
˭
ʱһ˷ݡӹһ˿ɻ֮һȴǳݿˡ
һڣ˶ǿݡ
ݣ
ڣǿοݵʱУӹһ˿ȡ
Էɫ԰ޱȵʱĿһȵղҲڣ
ȻҲǸոշݡ
һЦȴվԭزԶ
죬һֲֿεѹ֮£ûеѪ˻ԣѾǼΪˡˣҲѾȫʧȥж
һĿһһΣһ⣬ݵԡһֵݵı󣬶ʱһ޷ݵľڡ
ݾһǹɻ񾫴һȦ֮Уʱʧ
лл硭ݳ³һ¶һЦݡ
οüͷʲôʱģ
û뵽չһЦ
΢´һ֮󣬶·뵽ʲôһ˿ů⡣ݵļû˵
ʦ֣˭
ʱԺڵ洫ǣҲ˹һݣʶݵģ¶һ־֮ɫſݵǴ꣬ǺĿѯʡ
ǺǣʦǳŵӡǴʦִɵġ
һЦش
һЦ˵֮˹ʦ֡
֮ǰϵķŭѾȫʧЦųݵ˵ͷ֮û˵
δģ֮Ļȴ΢΢һΡƺڲ²֮Ĺϵ
ˣûʲô´Ҿɢ˰ɡԺһҲˡ
ƺûи˽ݵ˼ֱ˵
˴ʦ֣ʲôʱģ
۾һʱηŵı֡Ļ۾ҲһΡ
찡佣洫֮УﵽεָҲֻǰʮķϯּ˰ɣ
û뵽ΣȻҲͻˣ
Ȼȴƺ̸⣬ҡҡͷˡˣɢ˰ɡ
˶΢΢һЩĪĿͻȻԵЩΡ˼һĿ⣬￴ȥ
ѵΪСʦõ˵Ĺϵ
һˣҲ׶Է̸ɡ֮󣬶ǵ˵ͷ󣬷׷뿪ˡ
ʱֻʣζˡ
ҽɡ
Ŀ뿪֮һ¶һ˿Цݣ˵
˼ȻϴЦӶԷݻǿһ˿ѹּ
ݲδ˵ʲô¶һЦݡ
ΣκмһУʲôջô
ߣαݽ̸ڲղŷ顭

쵰쵰ôܣôܣΣȻȻһһҲʣҲʰ
ϼɽϼڣһе
֮ͨϣٵĹŹֵ֮УȻ͸¶һֵϢǽԵɭɲ
һϮµԪڴλ֮ϣĮĿڴ֮УϢĺꡣĿ֮УҲӹһ˿
졭ξȻôͿһ꣬Լ˽ǧʱ䣬Ტһİѵһεƣǰһæô
ԪԽ
졭ԷȻѾﵽ̶ֳȣȻֻǳڣϾѾΡҶԷлֶպԽѹˣ
뵽ԪüͷҲ΢΢оһЩ֡
Ҫչأ
йһĺ꣬ĻָƽֻУȴȻѪ˿̧ͷ˸λ֮ϵԪ
Ԫͷһۣ֮΢΢˵ͷ佣󻪹Ĵһֵġ֮ءһϼ塭ȥɡ
֮أ۾ʱһ
Ԫ΢΢˵ͷͷǺ꣺֮صط򱶣λؿռз֮У׸ȥﾲް꣬ͻƵ죬Ӧò¡
ã
û˿ɣʱһڴӦֱת˳ȥ֮ϣһƬŨĲᶨ
ΣΪ죬ѹ𣿣ŰɣҴӡ֮ءһҪĲڽ£Ա֮𣡡
ϽšȭͷиɱⰻȻ
뿪ˣһƬ֮С
Ԫλ֮УĿա
Ҳ֪żжѶȣʲôʱӣҪѹһβСֻǣԷ죬ҲöԸӡ
ԪĿ˸һıԺ֮Уĳ͡

뿪ξʱɫѾ̧ͷһ֮󣬱ɽȥ
һģΧƵĻ⣬κмһЩ顣
Ȼʲô˵ʲô˵ûбҪ˵ȻҲзִ硣ݵõ״Ƹ飬ûиΡһ棬ݸ˵ܡһ棬ҲûֱҪ
֮⣬飬ƺҲûҪ˵˼ݣȻҲ׷ࡣ
˵̫һӢ񵤡Ƶ飬ݴԼͻƵ֮ٸΡϾûдﵽ죬ɲ߱Ƶ
˵϶Ҫ˵ġֻǣڡ
ݵĲҪ⡰̫һӢ񵤡Ĳϣǲ̫ܵġ
һƷҩֵֻ¾ҪһƷʯοҪһ٣ҲҪϰƷʯпܣ
ƷҩǿҪҩͨʱƲſܳɹġ
û˵ºһЩʲôʣƽ׵ĸһϣȻֽʧ
ߡַڸΣԼѰҲϣƵҩ
вһ뷨
뷨ʱǱŵһߡ
Ҫʵûгʱ䣬ݻǻɵġ
ֻΪδȷһƪˣʲô
ûݾˡ˵֮ӿȪ౨
뵽ʱ֮һԣɽȥ
ߵɽµʱɫѾȫİݱһ·򣬶ʩչ粽Ƭ֮Ž\ʼٻ˳һΣֱƿնȥ


511 
ݷ˳壬ЪϢһҹ֮󣬴õڶ峿뿪˾ǰɻס
ϾΪɻĹϵݲ뿪ڸǰκм֮ȻҪ֪Էһ
ɻҲѯһйشеһЩݽ˵Ĵ˵һ֮Ѿǰʱ֮ˡ
ţ֮Ⲣƽаվǡ
ɻ˵ͷ˵֮⣬ȻǲջеĽöԷӵڵɡ
ͷϲҲǡ
ɻľ֮Ŀ⿴Զ羰续ɽ³һ
ڣҪŬĳˡ쾳½ԣʲôҲ㡭
ʶ֣ԼȲεǿߣѾķԼ½ԻǶôһС
佣ֻǴ󻪹Ĵ֮һǱڵĵˣȴڶ˿ѷ佣ڵȻֲֻεʵյȴĻʲô
٣̤쾳˵ɡ
뵽ݲٳɣɽȥԼȥ

չڡ
صչҵݣѾ֮ϡǰĵ֮ϣѷһСѶѴСԲ塣
Щ岻֪ǺֲʣȥͬһſŵĹ⻬תŸɫһɫ
ɫ֮⣬棬ܸӦһԣǰǻɬķ򲨶
⣬е
֮ǰ٣ʶûʲôѡ񡣵ǹҤȴôȴǿԽѡˡ
ݿǰ¶һ˿Цݡ
κмһУΪͻȻֵĹҤż֮ˣջԶԶĳԼƷʯֻеһСְˡĲƸȴǰǡڵ
Уʮö
ÿһöĳͣҪ޻ꡣޣȴǼġЩ֮⣬ֻĺĻҰ֮Уˡ
κмȻϡ֮Ǿ㲻ϡġҰ
ġĻҰǿǵŸΣĵطһЩϣӵϵǿҲֻǸط޵ŻἫ࣬һչթĳ꣬ǧáŻࡣ
ʶļ۸һֱˣһöƷ޵ҪʮöƷʯƷϵģʹﵽǧƷϣǰĳǧ򡭡
˵һСѵöƷʯļֵ൱ˡ
Եġѡ񡱣ָ
ÿһҪϵʱܳͣг˻ȫ֮⣬ŶԷԼ쾳һЩ
ЩȻֱӿӦ쾳ȴҲǴ档Ǿǣǿ÷һǸ쾳һЩ򡭡
ȻһǰᡭǾǣõƳɵĵҩ޵ԣҪ൱ܹá
֮ǰݵõöСƻΪԣǷΪԣǡѪͫȴǺġޡԡȫˮԲͬκֻöҩȻûѡ
гʮöо󲿷ֶƷģٲǶƷһöƷġУˮԵӵеģ
ݸе⾪ϲǡöƷҲˮԵģ
ûȫˮԵǶݶԵѡ
ֻҪȷһöƷ۷ˮȻٷһöƷкܴĿ֮ܽеһ˿򵽴쾳Ӷ롣
Ƚ˴쾳֮ٷһöƷ۷ˮֱ֮ﵽ쾳۷Ϊ
ٷöˮԵƷ
ǸʱкܴĿܻΪеһ˿򣬶ɹᵽ쾳ķɣ
һ˳ͬȹ̵ʱ棬ûпһڣ쾳
⣬ֳǰŵԵɡ
ǧ֮Уʼ¡񣬾ȴöƷ۷ʼɡ
һöӨӨͷһ֮վ
뵽ݴһĥĥˡ
ֻһӣʱһƬâ󣬵ϵʱʧҲ߳˱չңԣƽ̨ȥ
Ǻô⡰ݾƵҩҲٲֵ˵ע⡭Ҳؿȵȥˡ

಻ƽ̨ȴɡеӣҲȻ˷ܵģһʧġЦ̸۵ԵΪҶ
ɨһ֮󣬾ᳵ·ҵ˸ĵӣһ俿ϵ
ɽ֮еľƷ¯еǰʮһŻǲġ˵κ˶ʹõġֻ洫ϼĵӻϣŹʸʹáǿɹ뵤ҩҩЧȴҲ֪ǲġ
˵ʮ⡣ĳɹʣǾԲ;ˡ
ò˵ǽ޵ľİ̫ˡ
˵õַҲΪĲ㣬²ȶʧܡȻݶԣȴԶҪ⡣
ҪĵģֻľǷ㹻жʲôѵ¯ʱ䣬ʱ䡭ڲϣÿʱÿ̶þȫעǲܻκεʧġ
ĺôǡȫԦĵҩĳɹʣ޽ӽٷ֮һٵģ
ʲô
Ҳ˵һöҩƳƷۣƻҪǧƷʯݣֻҪپ͹ˣȻƷ۲ٵĵҩȴǧļ۸ۣʮٱ
⣬Ҳκм֮У˽ƷʯҩԵɡ
ȵһҩȫƳɵҩ֮Ʒʯпܾͻɣʮϰ򡭡
⣬Ǹ߳ɹʦ֮
ԣƷĵ¯˵ӵһݶԣȴҲֻһˡ

ᳵ·Ľ˵֮Уһǰĵ¯ڡ
ʼɡ
һ֮ʼ
һƵģһöԹҤ֮еĶƷ۷弶ˮ
˵⻹ݵһⲢʲô⡣
ͨĵҩûʲôͬǰһ˳뵤¯֮ƣԼҩȫƳ֭ҺںϣȻ
ͻԣ֮һҩҪǿĶࡣϾһͷޱľ֮ڡʶҪһ¯ƺһĻ֮ڻ޷ܵģ޵һֵĿƵȻۺҩ
ԣеĹؼ㣬ǿơƻʱ䡣ҪȫڻеĿƵȴû˼ºһ̣еĸҩҲƺãȻͬʱںͣɵ
ڣӵ޾˵ƣʦΪѵһȴΪ򵥵顣


512 Ŀ꣬쾳
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ڣӰתʮŹֵĹͷ䣬ݵ⻷ơݵĲ֮£һû뵽¯֮С
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ֻ֮Уһ־ɫӨ͸һ
ڲȻתһ˿⻪ȥĿŹ⻪תһŨҩ㣬֮ʱƮ
Ƴɹ֮

³һ֮΢һ˿ɫϣ¶Цݡ
ľޣԪȴ޵ġҪ֮⣬ҪԪܶԸҩۻָʱԪȻǿȲȴҲݸеƣ
һöɡǴ쾳ġ
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㣬һöƷ۷ȻöƷڵ֮ٿʼչء
Ʒ۷аշһöܹﵽ쾳۷塱ĳ̶ȡǣҪﵽ쾳ڣϻҪһʱһ´쾳ķöΪֹ⡣
Ͼÿһöеķ򣬾֮󶼻вٵɢȫĽܸ޵һиֻܽһ˿ĸһˡ
Ȼеʱȣʱ䣬Ҳĵ
˾ݽƳɵġƷ۷˴УȻ뿪
صкֱӾȥˡչҡָһյġ
ʱ䣬һζ

ϣһöƷ۷壬öƷڡţԱչˡ
֮У¶һ˿ЦݣеöƳ͵ö
Щģ࣬Ψһͬģžɫ졣ǶƷ۷ɫҪƷڵöҩǳһЩеĹ⻪ҲԵð
ݵɹʹȻǸǵģööƷɹʣﵽ˰ٷ֮٣ȳɹҪǱȥֻ¶Ҫ
һУ鹦ǹŹֵģ޵ʶ
ϸϸ˼֮ݲŽöҩԷˡ֮У뿪ɽȥ
ص˾ֱӽˡչҡ
գȥչذɡ
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Ʒ֮Ʒ۷ҪƣʱһöķʱƺáģȻ
һֱ峿ݲ۾
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΢һ£¶Цݡ
ȻһĿ
棬ͿʼչذɡĿꡪ쾳

ʱ䣬ָ֮ɳӲΪκԭפ㡣
ϵķһĿģǵֿϵķ˵䣬޵֮¡⣬˵˵
ѹشءѩڣ︴ա
佣ڵ˵ָоǼΪԵġֻΪڡ֮Уھ콣ıӻ֮У佣һļһůľ£ﶬļֻ˵ûʲôʵʵġ
ÿһնڽţ佣ڵԵðȶƴ½֮طǰĳɱ¾š
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ʷ׳ʵĴ½˶Ȼڲ߱һʱóȻ룬ֻķݡ
佣ڹڸΧ֮ڣһЩصĽ䣬бչصˡ
ṩġչҡȻΪչءʵȴ˻չءֻΪҪͻƲΣǿΣҪģȻ
һܱյķ֮УʲôȻ
ԣܶʱ򣬡չҡǱҡڶʹõġȵҪͻƲαϵʱеĵӣ֮УѰһ֮أ򣬵ȴһĶ򣬴Ӷˮɣһ쾳
ʱֵ磬ƣϴһɽķ嶥֮һӰϥ
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ڴˣȻͻϳϥ꣬Щĳŵӡˣ
쾳쾳ıϣȻԶȹпʼֻʮ꣬ʹﵽ쾳ĳ̶ȡȻǽʮȥȴȻͣ쾳۷壬޷̤һ֮·ԽڣԽѡȻ԰
żǷϡ
ڶӳ֮ΪţΪпܽ洫еĵ֮һˣȻܸоҪڰ̤֮쾳ļ֮
⣬ֻ쾳쾳˵㶼Ǵڵһȵ쾳쾳ʱǣֽǺεһּѣ
·ļѵģ˵ţҲЩҡ
Լܹﵽ̶ֳ𣿺˲ɡ
֮·ԽڣٶȾԽԽѡʱ򣬳˿˵츳֮⣬ģ˵
ȼѵĵ·ǰÿһ˶ܹʼһıһżᶨϵĵġҲÿһ˶ӵеԣȥһһεʧʧܣһνʱȻһš
֮УĵĶҡһħħ壬ģȻǾĹ㲻ǰ
֮·β츳˵ģôһ
µĺˣΪüεĳʧܣɵģԼδ˻ɡ
ں˱Ͼ֮ͨˣΪпܽ洫еĵ֮һˣǰ׾ܵһЩа꣬޷ﵽ쾳ˣǷϵ飬ҲͲ΢תһЩ
ˣ´ٽǡһţһ쾳ѣеյˣ
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һˣǵҲѾûȥ졣֮󣬽űչأ
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˻һļȻͷ˫ͫ˲䳯֮ⷨµĵطȥ
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513 
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佣ŵӺֹ򣿶棬ӵ쾳۷弶ģûһҲаǧżͻƣҲʵ㲻ʲôϡ顣
ͺ˶ԣʮʱй¶ʮ飬ȻҲûбҪξһˡ
ֻǣÿÿʱȴҲ뼵ʡ
Ҫֻ֪ҪԷڰ̤֮Ĵ쾳пһ죬Ϊ洫ӣ
洫ӣǿǿҵƷ壬ƷԼ೤ϼаʦĴڰ
Ȼ洫УΪҲֻǴ쾳ڣ֮һŵӵִҲ硣ǣһֻڡ洫֮޹δ
ִ£ͻƵϣǻпܳΪһųϡһҲһִ£ŪĲãֱӾͱɳȥԶԶ佣ڸڡ
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ӵݣͱ־ţ㽫Ϊ佣ڵĺģӵ¹佣֮λʸ
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û¹֮λǸ־ҩʯװУȨ޵ȵԴʱ򲻿ͬնģŵӣִĽͨ죡
䣬һ濿ڷܡһ棬ֺγȵĲǲƸԴ
ӵиĲƸԴеĵ·ȻҪ֮ͨҪ˳볤ԶĶ࡭
һ˶л̤۷塣ǣʵûһΣģӳԼ˳ڴδ

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뵽ҲȥȻתȥ
ȻͻȻͻƣǼ˺ĵĶ־ˡԭЩǷϵ̬һ˲䣬ɢһ˿ʣ

ߺ˴ǻĶ־뿪ֳһߵȴڡˡķţȻͻƻڳš
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ԪӰһ˿©ıǵӰȫաȻӰĺȴȫӿ˳
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һɱ䣬ƺƴķ֮Уڽš
Ԫһδεı˵ڣһδεı³֮УӰëʶʶ꣬ؼΪԪıš
ԽԽǿԪԽԽ꣬ҲԽԽ
ʱ䣬֮УȻš
һ졭
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ԪȻڲͣ£ѾһʼǰͣǱºȻϥӰȴȻȻʮǰȣӰϵϢѾǿ̫ࡣ֮Ҳˡǡ쾳۷塱һֽ족롰족֮Ĵڡ
ʱ䣬Ȼٻš
ʱ䣬Ȼٻš
ʮ졭
ʮ졭
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䣬ҹ档
ʱ䣬ߵ˵ʮ졭

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ڷ嶥֮ϣʱŲԶɽȿһۣУȴ¶˼ľ
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˵УҲ޷ǰһͻˡ
쾳ǿߣȻ쾳ÿͻһ㣬ӵһ쾳Ļᡣ
ܣ֮УֱԽ࣬̽ԽյõĺôҲԽ࣬ߵĵ·ҲԽԶ
ͻ쾳ʱܵĹ֮Уʱ䡣죬ȴоôࡣ֮쾳εĹ֮ʱȻ裬֮ҪĲ١쾳ڴﵽ۷壬Ҳȱ˿˲٣Ӷõˡпܽ洫ӵŵ֮һͷ
ͬȼǿ߹֮ʱֻҪſ򲨶ѹ󲿷ֵͬȼǿһͷһУΪڡܡʱ򣬼ʱ䡣
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ң⻹ǷѹƣԪֿԽ෨ҩǿĶ
˵ѹƣӲ£
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ʮ졭
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ʮ졭
ĳһֻ̣䡱һ죬֮䣬Ȼը죡
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ĶԶɽȣ˲Īļ

һ䡱ľ죬ط·һҲȻһţ֮һµԪʧͬʱһȴ֮ը죡
µ·ĳ־޴ȻһΪ֮һţȻϡ
ͬʱԭϥΣȴҲͬʱȻһԾԿ쵽޷ٶȣһɫ磬ȻϷȥ
ƿ֮ͬʱǱˣȴ΢һʮ֮󣬷ű϶µˮһѹ
䣡
һһˮȻڿһײһ춯ˮı֮վǵѹˮһͬݺݵ¡


514 쾳
ˮϳһž޴Ĳˮˣݺݵһ·С̶֮Сһ죬˸ߴʮ׵ľˣ
ʱǷһԾΣȴѾϷĿУڿһһ֮һԵɽ֮ϡ
ʱڿԿ壬һͻ֮ˣһȺɫս֮Уս֮ϱ鲼ŷķģȥ϶ءһͷںڳ޷ԶҶ衣棬һų˹Ŀͦӡ
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һ˿ǵУ֮ͫв֮Żûͫ
ǺܿļȻܹϳ԰ȫ飬ĵ˿־֮ĵ꣬ǡ
ݣ

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֮ŵͷԼ˫֮֡ϣڸֳһ˿Цݡ
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ĸоԼǿ
ǿ󣬲ԪҲʶǣһֶԷݣ
֪һԼ̽һķ˶೤ʱ䡣Ϊֱ桰ܡĹ֮Уֺ嫰磬ûʱȥ˼⡣Ȼоʱж೤
ϡĸоʱ䲢̡֮Уٶȸоһͻ쾳ʱ𺳡ңǿң
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Ȼոͻƣ֪µ˲ࡣֻҪЩǿҵݣݻѡء򣬵ȵЩǿҵݣ֪ķǣݿ¾ûʲô뿪תͶϼˡ
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ҡҡͷԭ·뿪

쾳Ԫ뷨֮߶֮£\ʼ׵ٶȿס
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\ʼ֮Уа˲ϵ󷨣Ƿ󷨡ȫչٶȿĲ˼飡
磬Ҳһֱʹ\ʼ׷ȥȻʵ࣬û洫ƻ壬ӵȱġ
ԣڷɳʮ֮һطȥȻչ粽ֱӳϼ巽ȥ

³ݣʦоɣǰ˴ǰݷʦֵġ
ϼ죬ϼ£ݳλصĵӿ˵
ԭǳʦ֡롣
λӲǰεǼλȻʶݡֻ쾳ڵΪݴ쾳ڵΪҲ˼𾴣Ȼѯʹࡣ


515 
쾳ǰ֮ǰǰ֮ͻƣûʲôŵӿǵġ
ʶûҪݳʾƣǷͨˡ
ипһǸմκм֮ʱԼʱΪֻ쾳ڣ˼һҪһơ
Լﵽ˴쾳ԷʶҶʣͷԼȥˣ
ȻһʵΪ硣磬ڸ֮ڡˡ
뵽ٴҡҡͷҲٶ˵ʲôЦЦ֮󣬱ǳɽȥ

һδʦ㱬ʵ֮ԪһѾ࣬µĵǣҲù˲ٰȻһѵǻ浱ϼҵˣ
ξ֮ڣĳĴЦ
ĻأһͬĵͳЦĸ͡ϦȾѪĺɫʱ֣ȴΪЩЦʹҲԵø⡣
ֻξ֮Ժڣ˲ٵˣŮŮһ϶ǴſɵЦݡ
ϵķ򲨶Ϊ͵ģҲǿߡ
ǣͬһӪ洫ӣ
Ҳһ˿ЦݣΧͬϵЦݣȴ³һ
ʱ䣬ԪжԽԽ裬Щ洫ӲùµŵӣͬҲܵĴѹԭ򣬻ΪԪΪʦڣûѹƵĵ
ڰǰԼͻһҲﵽ˵졣ȻԪڻкܴĲࡣǣԼϻС롱öԷɵıǿһ˿ѹʱ䣬Է˲٣һЩϢĻᡣ
뵽ȴЩҡԼͻƣöԷоһЩѹֻ³ŲʦԷͻ뾡취ƵıԼ˷Ӷǣʦ˰ɣ
ʵⲢûпܵġȻϼΪ侲ġԷһ٣ٶԼİŮ¡ʵڲҿ϶Լ᲻ʧȥ侲ԷȦס
˵ͣչ黹޵ġ
˵ЩʱҶûмϡȥĶ
ҵʱһ꣬ȴͻȻˡεһ󣬶ͻȻüͷ
һˣ˵Ц΢һ١
԰һ˵Ҳʱ䣬ûټϣȥĶ
һգһ۾֮Ҳ¶˼
ܵչȥ˰ɣٺ١
ٺһЦȴԵЩΪȻ
֪Ҳǵ۷ΪȻҪͻһɲô򵥵ġˣһֹϡɲΪŰϣͻһ
Ҳ֪һֱʦֱȥߣԣһӶ׷ϴʦֵĲˡ
ǿ߽ףҪǶԷ򣬸ԣȻҲǼΪҪһ㡣ʶ˵ļΪ϶
ȻεıʱȴԵЩĬ
Ĭ֮̾һڵ⵹Ҳһ
һЦʲôһģ츳ȷҳϡȴ̫գȨ̫֮ءܴﵽֲΣѾǧˡҪһҿûʲôˡ
Ԫô˵ԷȨ֮ģ˿ԲǿŶ
ԱһŮȴչһЦȤ˵
ͬġҡҡͷһмĵԪϲͬȻԪȨ֮ļأȴ屾ȨƣԼԸĿģΪ˸Լȡõ䱾ģŬСʶǿܳƵǡļԣֱָġϣȴʲôħϡ
ϣƾԪˡȻ츳ȴ͸ԼҪʲôȻʦֱȽϣ䶯ֻһʱҵߣ޵ңɲ˱ȽϡԣԪֹһȻ츳֮ʱǺ׳ָħġҪܿһǲйء
٩٩̸˵оݣΧ۾һ
֮ǰȤŮӹһ˿ȣ漴ȴһЦ˵ĵЩ֣˵ʦ˼⣬ΪӦֻڰ٣ҲӦÿ˰ɣ
ɫʱһ죬ٺЦ۹ۣСȻЩۣκ츳һ㣬ʵκΡ죬Ȼǹƽġ˵ţ̾һ¼į֮С
һ飬ȴΧ˶ȻʧЦ˳գʱָֻһʼ⡣
οһۣҲЩȡ漴ȴа̾һ
˵ĲԪȨ֮ģ˵ֱָģļԡȴֻһζʱȡϣ˲ֹһ֮ͨ£ԷҪٽһȷǧѡ
ǡ
εĿӹһ˿Ρ
֮أɲǳƶϵĴڡֱʱʱ򡭡ִ󻷾֮£ԶԷ츳Լʱȡ׵ĻᣬǴ˰
ţ漴һҡҡͷ
ɡԷͻƣͻƣҲԼʲôϵأҼǵ֮أͻƵʱҲҪ֮󡣶ǸʱʦѾʱѾûӰ졭Լֺαض룿
뵽ҡҡͷᡣ
ȻʱεͻȻ΢΢һЩɻĳſڿ˹ȥ
漴֪ΪΣͻȻɴ۾ȻվΣһ˫۾ŲŵɫŽյĴſȥ
һȻΧ洫ǣһɻĿɫΡ
ʦ֡ôˣ
գһ۾Щɻ
ȻȴûǣһΣֱӳſȥΧ洫ӵĿ⣬ʱ߶ԷΣƶſڡ
ֻȻһ£š

ѾǵϼѰΣȻᳵ·
һ·Ȼ˲ٵϼŵӡ
ǰݣЩӴ󲿷ֶǺġȻһΣȴǲͬ
ÿһˣͼ¶֮ɫ΢ġʦʦ֡кšݶԣˡ
ݵıֵҲѷɫ¶΢ЦȻĵͷ񡭡һѡˡĸо
⣬Ҳٶݸп磬ȻǿΪ硣
ԽɽϽ׶֮󣬾ûʲôˡԣҲûе̫ʱ䡣
ξĴǰˡ
֪翴ԼһͻƣʲôӦأ
ͻȻЩڴţٺһЦǰȥҪš
Ȼʱ򣬴šһ£Ȼ򿪡
һ̧ͷ
źǴһŨ벻ŵɫΡ
ͷչһЦ硭


516 
ʦ֣ôˣ˭
Ժڣһ洫ӣһ¶ɫΰβɵվȥ
ݣ
һˣȴ΢һȻ漴ȴȻһ䣬ɴ۾֮жʱӿһɲš
㣬Ϊ
ʱΧ洫ӣʱҲϳһҲһ

κм֮գϴҫЩ洫ӶǴһġʱȻûиǽܹȴԵδŵģʶһЩӡ
֣һʱ򣬲쾳ڰɣá
տݵǴһüͷһȻһ͵ĻȻ̧ͷ
쾳ڣ⣬һȻֻ˲µʱ䣬Ƚף
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꣬Ҵ쾳ڵ쾳ڣķʮ갡ڵʱѾǿ˵ġǣ⣬СӡȻ
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ϣҲʮʱ䡭
⣬Сӣô
˵ĵõʲôĵرֱ˵Ƚף
ӦǺ߰ɣδҲ̫˰ɣ

̲֮ס˵ЩƽضǸ߸ϵ洫ӣһ̣𾪣Ҳͨŵû˿
һ˫˫۾ȵĿݣӣ𾪣д͡
ŶߵۣϵߣݲЦһһʱ䲻֪Դ
֪͵ˡУš
Σһֱڣ𽥵Ļع³һĿ֮УȻһ˿𾪡
εĽΪ֪Щ˶һʵǾǡݵڣҲŶʮ꣡
ʮ꣡쾳ڣʲô
һ룬ԷǰͻƵ쾳Ҳ˵Էÿһٶڷţ
ʮꡭʮ갡
εͻȻЩɬ
һԼʮʱڸʲôʱԼ쾳ſﵽʮڵĳ̶ȰɣǸʱԼŵͷ쳹佣ڡ
Լͬ꣬ȻȻѾﵽ˴쾳
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ǿǴ쾳쾳һһ׶ΣֻҪһ׶Σʹﵽ˵ڶԼﵽԷֳɾ͵ʱѾʮ֮ˣ
ʮ꣬ʮꡭ⵱Уడ
ʮʱܴﵽʲô̶أУĲ²⡭ң벻𰸡

𾪻ڳšվģٶǴﵽ˵ǿߣһǾ쾳쾳׶Ρ
ΪԲŻ֪⵱ожĲࡣҲᵽ£ȽףľǺεȵһ𺳡
οݣãеһ˿𾪣Żɢȥ漴ĿڵˣҶɢ˰ɡйݵ飬ҲҪųȥ
Χ˶΢һŽĿƶεϡ
ĬƬ֮˶ǵ˵ͷֿһ֮󣬴һ˿𺳣߳˴š
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ɡ
һһ֮к˶Էһ
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ݴʱҲһôǿߵע£治һܵ顣
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֮οݣ֮󣬲¶һ˿Цҡҡͷ㻹Ǹһϲ
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ʵңһκм֮Уǲǵõֱĵҩ䱦
ĿݣƬ֮ѯʵ
΢漴ҡҡͷȻõһЩҩֱġ
Ŀһæ׷ʣʲôҩ
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һ˶ѣ
ݵ˵ͷ
ȷ쾳ڴﵽĴ쾳ֻöƷˡ
γĬã¶οЦݣݣСӣȻûнʧ
ƷȻһİȴ֪ʵô̫ġƾôһ˿ͻƾ磬Ҳ˵ݵʡ
β˵һμݵʱ򣬵ʱԷʲô֪ɵСӶѣͻ죬ȴ㱻Ϊ֮γɶɢζ޸ʬʱ꣬ԷȴѾﵽ˴쾳ڵΪȻԶԶƲʲôǿߣԶԷԣڣ󻪹˵֮μĴˣ

һ׼ô죿
γĬƬ֮ڿѯʡ
֪֮ڣﵽ˴쾳Ҫ洫ӵˡдһʣΪεݽ佣ڵʱʵ˽ĵġ
Ǿݼϼ壬һϼΪѾԽ»ơ
һһȵȫ۽֮գһꡣݵʣһʱ䣬ܴﵽʲô̶ȣѾˡ˵ȣڽ洫ӵĵ֮УݶռͷӦǲκġ
һǱΣϼ嶼Ѿõʮˡʦٵĵλ棬ҲǱסˡ
ġô죿
һЦȴ˵
ε۾ʱһݣ֮һ㣬Ըϼ壿
ݵ˵ͷ漴ȴ΢üԪᡭ
ᡣݵĻδ˵꣬ȴѾִĳɼҴȥΪΪҪͷܼΪ㶼ﵽ洫ӵҪҲסԪûȨپܾšֻҪԸ⣬ϿԴʦͽʽϼ洫һ
Էһ˵üͷһ漴һЦˣȻûʲô˵ˡšԸ⡣
ãã
ζʱȻЦݣԽЦ²˳٣ǰ壬Ĺϵתϼ˵
ҪҪһ𣿡ԣվ
ٺ٣ˡκЦһ뵽ʲôȴǾܾݵ顣
ڴԵȣȥȥͻء
˵꣬תǳŶȥ


517 ʦͽ
Ŀ뿪ֻʣһˡſڿ˿֮ȴ¶һ˿Цݡҡҡͷת߻˾ڡ
֪Էǲɻ֪ԼΪ¡
洫ӣʳڵ洫ӣκһ׷Źġ塣
ȻԼڳ壬ԣѡ
ϾڳҪʲôģԶϼҪļ򵥺ͷ㡣
ʱһֱڳ壬ҲЩǱߵҲϤΪ洫ӣȻڳʵġ
ֻǡ
ϼ壬ε뷨ݣΪβŵԽ佣ڵġ
һֱζ޳ĶΪչˡиԱһ˿ܾܾ
ȻϼĻʣҲΪεĹϵܵԪĴѹ
رһΣѹ㲻ʲô
ԼҲﵽˡ洫УѹҲԴϵĴѹˡ
ӵһϵҩԴѹô
֮һϵмƻѾãֻҪͰȥˡûԴ˵ʱôҪ
뵽ݰĵĵȴɻỹ֪Ѿﵽ˴쾳ǨݵḶ́Ӧò̫Ӳǡ

Ҫתȥϼ壿
壬ɻڡ
ɻͻȻοڵĵһ仰Ͳ
ε˵ͷǺһЦûʲôɣ
ɻһü˵ͷ⵹ûʲô⡣ֻǡΪʲôСڳ岻Ǵͦõô
ȻԼĵͱˡת˾ǡһЦȴ˵
ɻ᲻һۣء
˵ɻỹһּ䣬һâƣѾСȻƲһ㣬ɻᣬҲӵдġ
ҾתˣɻٴοΡ
зɿӹһ˿˷ܣסĵͷЦšתɡ
ɻŹֵĿһۣƬ֮ȴûж˵ʲôĿһеơ
ʱһ⣬֮˸
佣ڵӵƣ콣ġ洫ӵƣӵһЩܡУͰ¼ŵԼȡŵݵĹܡķҲǼΪ򵥣ֻ轫ԼҪϢʶʽ͸ƣﵽ֮С֮УһΪ侧ʯ֮侧ʯͨʶȷϢߵݣȷʾͿˡΪ㡣
νġתƹϵʵݵɻᣬݵִӳŵ֮ĨȥȻν֮ӵϼӵϡɡ
ֻɻе˸ź⣬Ƭ֮󣬡ݡһǺƿնȥʱʧ
ˡ
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ζʱ¶ɵЦݣڹЦȻվΣЦãˡ˵ţתҪȥ
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ٺ١εĲͣЦĿɻᡣ
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ѣɻ̫ϤˡʵϣӶԷһţͲԡСӵ飬õЩˡ־£ֺ飿ôҲʲô
ɻᣬ֪ԷĴġ
κЦĿɻ֮󣬲źٺһЦðɣʵҲ޷
ţɻü
ݡ쾳ˡ
һ仰ɻӶʱһֱ۾Ȼɴ
Ŀɿڴ


صѾһʱһվ
䣬Ǻϼ죬Ϧб¡
һ޴Ӱ߼Ƭֱ֮Ժ֮СһӰǾӰԾ
硣һ¶΢Ц
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šοݣ¶ЦݡĲӣ룬˹
ߣȥ˵ȥ˵
ε飬ȥܺõӡ
ôȥģûɻС֪֮ı鰡
ţοлߴЦ˵šԲݸЦŲһ߽ͬ˾ڡ

ϵѾתáʹϱȥеһ洫ʸұͿԴʦΪͽ㣬ҲʽΪϼ洫ˡ
ھֱ֮Цݡ
佣洫ǺǿĿԽӴ佣һЩܵȺȻܼ򵥲ʵĹƾΪͽһΪ洫С
ʶҪΪ洫ӣһϵеĿΪ䣬ֻһˡҪģݡ
һɵ˻˽̽佣ڵܣ⣿
һ㣬佣ںôҲ˽ȻҲĺܡ
ʶ⣬ֻЦŵ˵ͷһеƾʦ
Цŵ˵ͷ֮ѾϼŵӡɫסʲôҲˡԡڳϵľɻʲô֮£Уվͻȥһˣʰһ£ٸ㰲žûеĻǽҹЪϢһҹɣ
֤ǱȽ鷳һ¡Ȼ佣ڴ󻪹ضߣҪݲѡѶϢȴǲ̫㡣ﴫϢˡ춼ȻǱߵΧӴϢ
⼸ᴩ󻪹һһȥ·̸Ƕһ佣ڵͣҲҪķѲʱġ
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ԣȻѾӵλС洫Сʵȴ˵Ҳһ֮󣬲ĳΪ洫ӡ
Ѿתϼ壬סڳȻˡʶдһ˵
֮һЦûʲôһǵûȥһˡ١Ҳɻʦ֪һɡ
˵ţվϾΪɻĹϵŵѵʱ佣ڡңܶԷΪʲôܻǶݼΪչˡҪ뿪ˣô˵ȥԽһ˵ȥġ
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֮ǰݹȥɻῴԷΪ֮󲻷ˡѾתϼˣɻٲ⣬Ҳûˡ
ţ磬Ҿˡһ磬Ҿ͹˵վ
ҪôҲվ
ǺǣˡȨɢˡݺǺһЦȴ˵

ݻصʱѾ졣ȷ˵ǰ㣬һ·ϣȷɢġ
ոոͻƣڸ֮࣬ȴҲһЩҪ΢һµͷƽǸȥҴææżŻһ½Ųڸ˷羰֮Уһҹ磬Ҳ⡣


518 洫ԣϣ
֮֮һһڣΪ
һζıԼʵ䷴
ѾôˣɻʦֶȻСˣһȥɡ
̧ͷһɫ
ҲֻǸɻ֪һ磬̫Ĳ
˾Ҳٳɣɽȥ
Ѿϣƽ̨Ȼ֮⣬طûˡһ·ϣҲûʲôˡȥһЩ鷳
ʱص˾ǰϤĽƴ򿪡
ǰϤĳһ
գҪطˡЩᰡ
һΪɵˣô˵Ҳס˽ˣҲЩˡ
ҿ˿֮ݾ߽ˡչҡ
ʵѾûʲôʰˣڵõ֮ѾжԼôĶˡЯȷǷࡣ
Ȼˣù̡̹°ɡ£ǹڡ֮⣬һЩ飬Ҳÿá

ݽ롰չҡʱϼϣ¹֮£ΣȴվԺ֮У̧ͷա
ݵͻȻȷǿģȻ⿪ڳһʱ֮ȴҲƽ
ξĿգȴһ˿廳
ãӻУСȡһöƷ
һöɫ塣֮ϣһĹϼΪȻĸһµķ䡣һɺɫĹâϡ¹ҫ£һ˿ŹֵĹ֮ɫ
ξĿ壬Ŀ͡
ģѴħƼˣɹҾԼ΢ϡգݵĿ˽֮ұǰ᪻ȡ̫һӢ񵤡ΡǿҲȻҪҩŪ֡ҡһѹһ
εᣬȴһһǰļᶨԵģȻġ
ֻҪﵽ죬˶ӵһȻ⡣
ķһȶħƼšȻħƼȷ쳣۷ΪֻҪ̫룬ЩϹԼСģǼΪȫġ
Ҷˣõ̫һӢ񵤿ƵʱεķڵһʱʹħƼ᪻ŷȥ
ħƼϾĵطհܡεΪҲҺֱײһ·ȴǵ˼ʱ䡣ķ˽һ꣬Ŵ˳
ϵ᪻ŵ֮ǰҲĸµʱ䡣ѰҾ΢һ¡һֱգǲ
ǰ᪻ţȡҩ
֮ҪݳɹĿϣҪΪҪɢľġ
Ȼ˵壬ʵȴǹһ꣬һ־
ʶǿߣȻһǼΪ򵥵顭ͨԣû˻Ҫʲôش̤ʲôΣ֮صʱ򣬽ĳһֵʶһڡ
صĸԤʱֵжϡ
̫һӢ񵤣ѾԳ֮Ϊʥҩ᪻УҲûжܳɹ֮ÿһƲ϶ΪһöƷҩļֵһЩԲġƷͶ١ȻεķħƼ꣬Ҳ˼ıҪȡ־ϡٵĵҩǼΪѵġŪĲãͻһս
ʱһֵʶڱڣһãյ³ֻǷ䡣
οԲں̫һӢⱦȴ¹İŮ˵ʧ
ԣҪȵȻ롰չҡһȫȫĻ֮£еתƵϡ
뵽γ³һֿ˿е壬СĵķԼĻС
̧ͷ˿ɫת˾֮ڡ

峿ݺ붨˹
һҹḶ́ȻӦԼڵĸ¶һ˿Цݡ
һҹ̣Ϊûʲô쾳ĻιһЩ
ΪչڵŨԽŨԽ򵥣Խ㣬ȻҲ͸þ繮̡
ӦƬ֮һվʶ̽һɨ
ʱ䲻磬ȥɻʦĶȻ󣬾ȥϼɡ
ڲԣݵûʲôǡΪҲˣԶ׼ݷ棬Ҳûκεɵ㡭ԣ롰洫Сֿ϶ˡ
뵽Ҳٳɣתţɻȥ

СӻУһ쾳ȻܵСĶȥһҲûϰ
ݵļк֮ɻӱչ˳򿪽ݽ֮󣬵һ仰ֱʦˡ
ԣٺͷһЦɻ飬֪ԷЦ֮ѡ
ɵЦɻ᲻һۡȻ۵ǲеӹһ˿̾
Ĵﵽ쾳ˣ껹ǰСӻֻһ쾳Сһˡڡ
Ȼ
˱ˡ
Լ쾳쾳ķʮءң⵱лһֱԵҩСӡ
뵽ɻ̾һŵˣô˵ҲδŵġҲܣ֮ȻӵʣͲҪ׽֮˷ˡŬɡ
΢󹧾ĳɻһС̡ܽЩʱգлɻʦչˡ
ݵı֣ɻҲӹһ˿⣬ݵĿ֮УҲ˼ָп
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һ·Ե粽·ķʱݱ㵽ϼεľ
硣
һͿԺеΡ
ˡŤͷݣ¶Цݣ׼ô
š
á߰ɡ
Ҳٶԣֱӳſһ֡ӴΣڿն˿յ֮ϡ
˵񱳣޴һڿնֱӣŴиȥ

ѾϱˣȻڴи֮УҪһΪԼ䡭ݷĺʵȴõһʱ䡣
ƿն𣬴ƮƲ֮䡣
Ťͷ΢Цķ֮УȴȻ
ţ˵ͷ

иɡ
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˾ԶһʽĽɫۣһͦΣȡ


519 洫ԣУ
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ʱЩƵļˣվڴе֮ǰĿյ֮ϣңԶա·ڵȴʲô
²Զɽȴǻ˲ٵ佣ڵĵǡһ̧ͷɽȻԶǿ߶ԣȴҲ㲻ʲô˵Ŀ⣬Ŀɽ˵κһ˿ϸ΢ı顣
ˣ˵˵ǰͻʮ죿
иɽ̧ͷŸߴǰȻˣƬ֮УվûסٶȴżֲŵŤͷ
ĺˣʱҲĶŸߴѯʣһֿ϶ҿ϶
ʮ졭ʵЩ̫˼ˡģҲֻʮˡȻʮ죿ķ֮ǿʲô̶ˣ˵롮졯ǿ࿹ˣ˵عͷУǴżֲ˼顣ţʵЩ̫˼ˡ
Ǿˡʱ䣬ӦҲ쵽ˡʱ򣬵Ҫúÿ
һԳĬĲܺ꣬ʱҲ̲ס̧ͷ˿ɫ˵
࣬㶼˵ͷ̧ͷɽۣȴ
ϣ˱㽫༸˽ϣȻһͬǰ⴫и󡣼Ȼѯʣ˱ǸйصĿĳͻƣȻʮ顣
һʼȻǲšΪڿЦȻںһٵĿ϶֮£ˡһʱ䣬ܵ˼ĳ
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佣ڹʮټϴи롰ڡʮ֮ʮڡ£ͳһʮĴڣ
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ʵϣ·ԼΪġϡµ˿ɡ棬ٿԳܽٸĵ̡
û·ңƷ
ܽ롰ڡҲǵ졣ǣѾӵʵֻҪϾˡ
⡰ϡ˿ߣơƷмΪ߶˵ļֲ֮һ
ԣһ˵ΪƷ·ƽʱЩڡӵڵġ
սֻһʱὫ֮ٻ
ǾǣҪڡʹȨʱ
ԣվڡе֮ǰļˣѾ·ٻ˳ڵȴšʣҪڡʹȨˡ
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⴫иͳ佣ŵӵĵطҪʹȨģȻֻһˡ
洫ʸ񡱿ˣ
ԣ˵˿⼸˵ʱ򣬱֪ûаһˡ
ϾͬһʱͬʱļʲûУǼ̫ˡȻղſһ˽ձСڡ￼ˡ洫ʸ񡱡
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Լʱ϶⣬Ȼʧ˵ġءйأ
̫ˡͻʮˣʲô

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ʵϣÿһʱ䡣꣬࣬ͻһΡ
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⵱ȻҲ佣Ը⿴ġҲһֱļøĵӣŬԼļ
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ÿŽɫڡеſʱɽͻȻȻĻһȺŵӣȻһĿһɱ䡱
ڣʱԶգȴһ֮
еŵӣ˵ˣڴʱ̲ס̧ͷȥ
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佣ڵ洫ӵзĲ٣ȻӵƷģȴֻһ˶ѡ⡰񡱣ѾΪεһִ
һͻƵģѵϼĳʦ֣
ȺУҲϼĵӡһ˻ʱ
ŵɱΪ洫ӡͬһģȻҲɵĸо

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ˡ
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뿪ϼ֮󣬾ͺټˡ
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520 洫ԣ£
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һֱû˵ĿںĴ˵ݣкæǰ΢ݼʦ֡
йءڡȻҲŵġǰϵĽɫԼʼһ͹ԳƣȷһǿҵĳС
佣ǿôȻ鴫аԸп
¸̾ͬʱꡰҲ´ݡ
ȻƬ֮Ŀȴ΢΢һ˿⣬һû漴ȴӹһ˿ȡƺǷʲôԾĶһ㡣
һԵι۲쵽飬¶ЦݵôСֵܡɣ
΢΢˵ͷϵı飬Ҳֳ˼־ȣݵҲ΢Щ仯˵ͷʮ꣬쾳ʣݹ佣£֮ȵģ£Ҳֻ˰ˡ
ʵȷڣʮﵽ˴쾳½ǿ߱ž֮ǲֻһ˶ˡ
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ʱȥԷѾɳʲô̶ȣҲ޷ԡһԿ϶ԷȻԲпܣҪǿ
ϾԷ᪻ŵˡ᪻ŵԴݿȵģ֮ŮӵݾѰõԴĻٶȫݣҲǼΪġ
ԣ˵佣˵츳Լȣݸо
һڵԼ䣬ȴЩȡȴȷѾ˶ԷǶԷʲôԿһ˵䣿
ֻ̫֮࣬еĵͶһԱʶ棬ʵ̫һЩȻҲ޴ӷֱˡ
в²ţߣȴεЦ
ˣҲ˲ʱˣǿʼ԰ɡ
εżЦ⣬ԺȻܸⷬϾеġԷ˳ɫı֣Ϊ֡ȻҲһԺС˵䣬Ц˺һվһԡ
˵ͷʰ飬еľҲº͵ĿЦЩȻ֪ˣҪһµġʦܣȻҪһ¡
ʰ飬Цŵͷʦˡ
Цŵ˵ͷߵ˵˵ͷ

ϵǿԵֳ佣ڶ洫֤Ŀء
Ȼʱ·ɽŵǣȴԴĳɽ۴ţҪһ֤ʲôˡݳ񡱶ֱˡеǰԺ䣬λãɽ˵Ǵʶֻܿڡ֮˵ȴˡ
Ҳ֪ϼ˭ˡ
ԨҲϼģ˵λģ
Ҳͻһ㶼ڸ֪֮
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ֻǲ²ˣȴûʶ̽
һ棬ŵӴֻ쾳ˡٶǴ쾳ϵǿߣʶ̽Ҳʲôġֺαز̽
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Сڡʦ֣ݺεʶ̽Ҳڣ
ʶ֮Ȼͣȴû˸ʶֻ̽ǵȴš
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ˣ
˷׷۵ʱɽ֮ϣȴͻȻһǿ֮ķ򲨶
Ⲩһ֣ʱɽ°˶֪֤ʼˡ
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֤ģǰڵҪʱȥԷ̽ˡ
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һӦɷ򲨶ŵǶʱȷȷǴ쾳ķ򲨶Ϊǿɷ򲨶ǿޱȣһֵȽϵѹ֮Сǡ쾳ڡԡ쾳۷塱ָо
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ԣԣ쾳ڵķ֮ǿ⣬ѹѾﵽ˴쾳۷ĳ̶ȣпܻҪߣôܣ
ֹһݶٱ䣬ŵӵУֻҪѾﵽ˴쾳ִǣɫ仯¶˲֮ɫ
ȽǴ쾳ûǣ֮ⷨΪʲôǿ᣿ҵΪѾǴ쾳ڣֻһͿԴﵽ쾳۷塣ɷ֮ѹ֮£ȻȻֵȼѹƵĸо⣬ⲻܣ
˴ľ˳Ų֮ɫɽۣ
쾳̫вŵǣһ⾪Ҳͷһ㵣漴֮Ҳ˱仯
ǰ˵һҲܹҷһ쾳ڵִµķѹơȻҲеܣǣȴû֣ȫѹƣԪЩתܵĸоһŵ΢һֲ԰ףҲ¶֮ɫɽۡ
⣬ô£
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࣬ܺԼԵŮӣһ𾪵Ťͷһһĺˡ
ˣԡģ

ŵˣɽۡе֮ǰĿյϣΣԼʣڡӣҲһ𾪵ĿŻ£ɢŨ֮ݡ
ΪܴӱϿȻ֮ǿȣǲȫſĻȴ޷ӱжˡ
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ڶԪ֮ԪŨ̶ȣ̶ȣƷʸߵ͡
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ۺһΪı׼
ȻУ֮ռҪλáΪʲôΪģ
䣬޵ľԼҲֻĹ֮УһԼԷȻѭ򽥽߲εڣԪꡣ˵֮ߵĸ
һԣߵΪ뷨֮ϵġ
ĳһΣӵһεķ֮Ԫ̣֮֮ͨе۵һ֮Ļ֮ϣ̶֮ŬԪꡭ
ѭ򽥽һһ
ǣ
ϵκ飬Сһ㡱Ĵڣ
ˣӵױȵڵһ׵ʱȴ򵽸һף׵ķ֮Ԫ֮֮Ҫʱ䣬ʶǵķ֮ǿޱȣȻȴԶֳķ֮Ҫ͡
ǡ
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ˣ˶Ϊš


521 һ
ʣݣһţ
ΣԼڡӣ𾪵Ŀǰ¶һѾԶˡ쾳ڡ򲨶ݣ֮Уӹһ˿ɫ
ʵЩǵϡ쾳ڣ򲨶ֳǿȣȻ˴쾳۷壬ȻнһƣǿЦǰոոսСһһͻƣʵֻǿһѡֱӴӵڶ죬˵죿
˵ˣǶݵѾ˼۵ΣԴһѣЩԽܡ
Ҫ֪ҲǱΪŵﰡ
ڵڶͻƵʱ˶ʮʱ䣬򲨶ֱӽڽӽڵĳ̶ȡ϶ݵ츳ȻҪãҲֻǲ²Էﵽڣ۷ĳ̶Ȱˡȴá
Ŀݣȴһ
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ִ֤֡ҲһˡȻǵһμ
һʼһȣΪѾˡ⼸ʮʹﵽ쾳̶ֳȵı̬֮УҪǰݣΪ
Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ڡӣҲһ𾪵״̬ճյģǰݡ
ݲĽԼķ򲨶ȫչ˳ǿҵķ򲨶ԼǱһ
ɲǵһθܹ쾳ķѹȣī쾳ΪһȺĴ쾳ǿߵģдνȻһΣȴԽ쾳֮󣬵һȫչԼķ֮չֳǿ̶ȣԼĿɿڴ
򲨶߶۷ʱԼȴȵһ
Ϊ֣Լַǿ̶ȣƺѾȵ뿪κмʱǿԲˣһΣѾ㹻İԶԷĵȽѹơѩ˵Ļаգ֮ܣ
һ쾳ڵļһȻ˵ԼĻһ쾳ڵǿߣ⻰˵ȥƲ˶ҪЦǣݾָоңʮǿң
һε𾪴͵ı飬ٳٶۣҲ֪ԼϣƺǷһЩ𾪵ˡ

λʦ֣𣿡
򲨶һֱţҪά״̬ȴʱ̶ҪĴľԪġޣǿԺԲơԪǲôǿġãҲε˷Լȴ̲סˡ
˺ˡȿȣλʦܣΪûʲôɣݵĻ˶ǵ˹ɫ΢΢һ죬æɿŤͷѯڡӡ
ţûû쾳ڣΪϸ񡣡ڡҲɫ΢΢һ죬ɿһ֮ҲæɫӦ
ԣԼϵķ򲨶
ɽ֮ϣһʱ䣬ָƽ
¿ݼ֮ûסͷɻ󣬿ѯʣʦܣͻΣһ˼ʱ䣿
һڣʣµ˶Ǵźɫݡ
ʵ̫ˡոͻƣӵнӽ쾳ķ򲨶ǡܡ֮ͣ೤ʱܴﵽ̶ֳȰ
ȴεͷҲǺ
ݵȷǲ
˵һöȥ׼ͻˡУͻƵ쾳۷塱ǰµʱ䡣Ȼһֱͻ֮ؾȻ
ȫͶеݸͲʱšʲôʱһ򣬴Ӷͻƹ̶Ǻ˵˶೤ʱˡ
Ψһ֪ģʱ϶̫̾ˡ
ȻĴŪһ£漴ȴֶ¶˿Ц
Ҳ֪Լһɵ⡣
ܡȻȫͶеġ˭ͷһ˿¼ʱţ
Цҡҡͷ֮ʱԺ󣬲ŵһΪѾȷˡڣͼһɡ
ʵ˵䣬ӵĹǿֱӿġһԣ̫
洫ӵĿ˻Ƿǳġ⹦Ҳǰٷְ׼ȷùʲôϻͯĻǹҲһܼȻҪΪȨļˡ
ʵ˶ֻһˡ
Ī˵ݵѾʮֿ϶дĳִѾһ꣬󡭡ǰ⡰쾳ڡȴӽ쾳ڡ򲨶ĳɼڣֻҪܵɣôԷ롰洫СѾǰ϶ˡ
Ͼ洫ӽľһǱ츳ɽŵӶǿеġ롰洫Уʲôʸ롰洫С
ǰʲôģˡû˻ΪһͻһȽ׵յĳɾͣͣڴ쾳ˡ
˵ļͬ
һ׽ˣΪûԴһٶ꣬ȻֻͨˡڴӵʱȴͻȻõĳҩϻֵͯõԴӴһʰչֳ˾޵츳飬Ҳû
佣ڲǹŰɣƸ¼Ҳ
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ǰġ
ǰᣬݵܵɡ
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ʶֻҪʯɫǰɫôѾﵽ佣洫ŵҪˡ
͵İɫâƬ֮еġʯ֮ʱεˣ¶Цݡ
ϣϸ񡣡
ڵӡҲѵõ¶Цݣ˵ͷ֮󣬺
ã￴ݵУ͸¶⣬תߵͨɽµĽ֮ڣĿ⣬·ɨӶȥ
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ϼӡ
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һ¡
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İԣиʦ֣İԣ
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佣ڵʦĲų̣ΪߵͶۡԣ佣ʮϯ֮Ϊʦָ֡ĵһţ˵һǿߡ
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иĴڣͬŲΡġڡһĴڡ˵ڡҪܵ洫ӡôиҪܵģŵӡȨҪԣ˿ȡڡԲ١
иϯݵλˡ
İһĮϵıûΪһŵӵľһ˿Ĳڣ񣬶ûֵĲֶ̤ն
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İһأڣˣ㶼΢΢һ֣Ļ˳
ʱȴ΢΢һӹһ˿ȡ
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ˣǵеѡؼʱԴȥˡ
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ͻȻ˴˵ȴǸʲô˼ţüͷ
ݲ²ԷʱİȴδἸ˵кǽĿ⣬ݿ˹ȥ
ĿһĵĮ䡣
ݱЩһüͷ
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ݣܼϼ塣
ȻĻ˵Էһ仰ȴΧˣ鶼΢΢һ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
θ΢΢һ䣬üͷȴû˵
˴֮Ҳһ˿áֻ΢һüͷ漴΢֣ݲܼϼ壿ȴ֪İʦʲô˼
Ȼ𾴶ԷΪż硣ɲǱʾ˶Էˡ
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ʲô˼˵ݲ׼ϼͲ׼ˣ
ѾΪͽˡ
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Ī˵ˣݣҲĪһ
ԼΪͽʲôʱ
ζʱŤͷݣȻݣѾʦųΪʦˣ
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ûƭȻ˵ûУȻûСһ룬İݣȻҲǲƭġôԷ˵⻰ȴʲôԵɣ
üͷһ壬İԵİʦ֣⻰Ӻ˵˭Ϊͽˣ
༸ˣݶǿİԡ
İһüͷĬƬ֮Լݣеʲôɡ
һݡ
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ˮԴĵ䣿
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˵ķӦһʱʶЩԣæ׷ʵˮԴĵ䡭ʲôô
˶ǴĿݣ֮εһЦ˳û뵽û뵽첻ϼ尡˵ȴҡͷһ̾Ц
ˣǴĿݣ֮󣬾㶼һۣЦ͸뵽ǰƽѹ֣ѹ˵ΪֻǴ쾳ڣԪǿȣȴҪǿϲ١뵽İ
˹ŹֵıԽλʦ֣ǵ˵ʲôˮԴĵôˣô°ݵǺ浽˼¡
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ʦ𣿡ԽãȻˣʦ𣬵˭
պ֪ˡ
ҡҡͷټ˵ȥŤͷİ΢ֵˣݾͽʦˡ
İ΢΢˵ͷû˵
ݵ洫ʸѾȷȴҪͨһġ
ʱ˵ǰٶɽ֮ǰ
·һŵӣȻڵءİԳ֮Խ浽׷ʲô£һǲ²ⲻѡ
һٶ߳һǾһ񣬵ȴŶԷ
ŵݣ׿Ŭ⣬Ͻ洫֮ʸΪ佣洫ӣϣλʦܣʦΪĿ꣬ŬУ洫֮У
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ɽŵӣʱһ
ŵݣղŲϼĵ𣿡
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жţĿʱʱ̳̿ɽۿȥ˶ûߣ˵׼лῴһݾ˭ء
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ݣôϤְǡ
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ˣܺҲǳĬɽ۵ɫ֮Уһ˿ɬ
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ĲԸţǸŲ꣬Ϊǵ˲ֹһݣǣҪȽһڣǡһ


523 ˮ
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İ΢΢˵ͷȴû˵
ʦ֣ʱһȥϼġʱ򡭡ŤͷΡ
ʱ顣βȶԷ˵껰ЦŴ
¶ЦݡٶȿݣƬ֮󣬲Ц˵úŬɡ
˵ţҲȻЩĪ⾳еݻعѾڡӴһкͬʱһΣߣƿնȥ
ɴ
ˡҲͲˡİʦ֣ݡͰиˡμ뿪¶һ˿Ц֪ԼҲˡ
İȻֻ΢΢˵ͷһû˵
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οЦĿݣдżָ֮ɫգ̾һ¶º͵Ц˵ܵõˮԴĵ䣬Ҳ컯ûµʱϼתתУɲҪһ츳
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ضʣպȻԣⲻǻ£ĺ¡֮úϧɡ
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̼䣬ټġеԺ֮ϣֻʣµİˡ
ݴԶȥıӰƬ֮ȴ¶һֿЦŤͷһֱһĮƽİԡ
İʦ֡⣬ô£
ضʣպȻڣҾˡ
İԲδ˵ʲôֻͻȻһ֣һʱ̼佫֡ݻعֻİһΣűݣһͬƿնȥ
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ΪлڣİȻݣȴûһ˿ݵģ
Ȼ۹ۣɽ۵˶ѾɢˣȻҲѾûʲôҪˡģиɽŵŵӣҲ𽥵ɢȥ
ֻǣݡ֣ȴǴһ̣ʼŵ֮д
ò˶ã佣ڵŵǶ֪佣ڣֶһСݡ洫ӡ

Ժסɡ
佣ڸһҰ֮еĳһɽ֮ϡ
ɽ۴һټĶǰһһĮİԣ
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ȻڵĳһɽɽȻһⰻȻľ£ֲ鲼ɽҰ۵úһ㡣Զһƻֺٲɽһ࣬ڰмɽ
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һ飬еɻȴʢ˼֡ŤͷԵİԡ
һȴİҲǰġˮһֱĮͫȻ¶˼Ľ֮ɫܿ죬Ǳ֮ȥָһʼĮšԺסظһ֮ǰĻ
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ơˮԴĵ۶ɵԪУͿԴ⡮ˮǰĽơʣµģΪ洫֮ɵһЩЩʲôԼȥɡ
ԺÿµʮеңȡٺﻹһЩй洫ȨޣһЩΪصصȵȡ
İԸݽš
ݿǰͻȻֵĿƷȴ˴ɵһε洫֤ǽֻΪҵȴû֤ã
İԿһۣĮ㲻ضʣȻЩűǡûʲô£ɡ
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Ҳûϸ֮󣬵֮ϵĶˡС΢΢ĿƬֻ֮âһһ
ҵ˰ɣݶ֮һ龧ɫĽơƾľɫһ棬дݵ֡һߣǸˮͼԼһӵġˮ֡ȥֲɣ֮С
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ᡱ
һ֮쳹ֻ֮УͻȻһɫ⻪˲䣬ԭȫ˵ɫĻ֮С˲Ϣ֮ǹĻʱת
ͻȻǹâȻʢĹâ˲佫ɡݻعֻǰһڡȵ۵ʱ򣬳ѾȻתˡ
ţ΢΢һȻ漴ȴͻȻһ䣺Ũȣôᣡ
һɱ֮ڡչҡҪΪŨʮռ䣡
𾪵ĵɴ۾ĳӳʱҲ¶һ˿Ȼ
ǰģȻһ˼£Ҳĵ˼µɽȣ
տϴеĹߡΧ̺ĻľвһЩľСﴩ䡣ھǧ֮ĵطһ·ֱµٲҡµˮɽȶӯһɳƮİ֮Сٲ·һ̶ģԶ
⣬ﾹһ츣أ
һ֪ӡԺеʱݣҲһͷƤ˲䷢
츣ء˵һֽ˵еĴڡ


524 츣
ഫ֮Ŀռ䣬ʵмзġЩз죬ǲôȹ̵Ŀռ䡣浽ſռʱճϫ֮ΣաǾǿߣóȻУյ³ҲȻʮֱҡ
Ȼǲ̫ȹ̵ļз졣Щռз֮УмΪһЩطȶġȻҲӵпռʱճϫ֮Ĵڣȴֻٲ֡
ЩΪռ䷨ȶԵʣΧĳ̬ռȥҲˣЩռڲ޾µۻڲͨԶ̬ռǿȣпǳ̬ռİٱǧ򱶡
ڿռ䷨ĲȶЩռз֮Уֱܹ򡣹ʶϹ֮УвٵɵͳǿڣЩ˵ģȶ˵ġռз족֮С⣬Ƶġؾ
һؾͨԶдСġģ㿰һңһ½Сģס
ΪȶĲͬΣճ̶ȣҲͬ
һԣԽǴġؾΣԽйǿפأܴڵؾΣգҲȲ˿ġؾҪ󡭡
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Ȼһ֣Ҳ˳̬ռڵռ䡣ռ䣬ȻγɣǡΪ
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Ϊﵽھ֮󣬱ܹռ䷨򣬲ݿռ䷨оߣھͶ֮䣬ܿٵءӲڿռ֮Уٳһ֮ǰȻͬĿռ䡣
ֿռ䣬ΪΪ۴СȻԶԶϲϡؾǣҲΪΪģ䰲ȫԣȶԣȴҪ֮ؾǿ̫ࡣȻ˵Ϊռ䷨ԣ治ֱǣ⿪ٳĿռڵȴҪԶԶĸΧĳ̬ռ䡣
Ŀռ䣬Ǳ˳֮Ϊ
츣ء
йء츣ءĽܣȻҲһֳʶݽ佣ʱС֮УҲἰʶҲš
ǣʣǡ츣ءݣôǳ˿ĹϵġݣҲһֱ֮һ˵
ȻȴǴסˡΪҲû뵽佣ڸԼģȻһ츣ء
ɵɵĿǰľ£Ϊ츣ءĳһʱҲʧȥ˼ֻɵɵĿš
֮󡭡

ݳ³һ֮ϵĴ֮ɫҲɢȥȡ֮ģȴüһ˿ɻ
Ϊֻͨһ洫֤û뵽󣬾Ȼȱʡ
ʵϣڵմӡееõˮԴĵʱݾ;ܡ
ˮԴĵ򱾵ˮķ֮󣬷ųֵص䡣֮һߴƷƷסȴŵӵĴе֮Уô£
յġ洫ʸ֤һֱȽ˳ȻͷȴİͻȻ֣ԵԼ԰ʦԼȻûаʦġԷΪдһ˵
֮ʼԵɣԷᵽˮԴĵ䡣ˮԴĵ֮ķӦȻεˣ֪ġǣΪĳԭȴûֱӸԼûбҪ飿
İԣȴĪĴԼԼһЩﻰģѾԼ洫ӡǣεȴȷ˵洫ӿˣҪΪġΪ䡱֮⣬ʵҪģǣ֤᲻Ҫʱ䣿Լ쾳ҲŽһѣԷȴѾԼ洫ӵݣƺûв̽Լݵ˼УֵǸʲôԵɣ
ɻǡԼסȻһ츣أ
ⶴ츣أҲҪԲܿٳİ½˵ܶӵеģҲûжٰɣԼһոսĴ쾳Сӣֺεºܣܶӵôһأ

һɻһ̣ͬһ㣬һԵĳݳݵĵףһֲ̫ĸоȴƶ
ָоĪȴݵüͷģ¶һ˿ء
ڣǼ鼴Լεºܣܵ佣ӣϧԼһĶ츣סУһ⡣ؼ㣬ȻˮԴķϡݽüͷĿ˸š
Σصʦ𡭡νġʦ𡯣ӦþˮԴĵԭӵ߰ɣ˵̬ԷݣȻʮֲ򵥡ôԷ˭ѵݵӣʱʼٵת²ֵĿԡ
üվ֮ȴһеɻҲɢ˼֣΢΢˸
ˣͷȻֱҲûʲôã;䡣Ϳⱳ󣬵ʲôˣʲôɡ˼Ƭ̣Ժв²ǧһʱ䷴ݷб뵽
ǰΨһõĽۣһбˮԴĵԼصġʦйءȴԵЩͷˡݵĲ²⵹Ǽ࣬ҲΪ²̫࣬ԽңԣͲٶˡ
뵽̧ͷһ·ҪԼ侲һ¡
һһڷҷȴ΢΢һ
ԼڵģͬɾһĶ츣ذ
ⶴ츣صķΧ߰˹ݺᡣ˴ӯŨˮʺˮԴĵˮԹҴ˴ŨȣȱչһҪǿʮ֣ʮҵСҹ̵ʱ䣬ٿϣ
뵽ݵʱЩĿɨ֮Ҳ¶һ˿ЦݣԶֱͬµ˹ȥ
ԺʱݵľˣһȻҪһˡ

ʦ𡣡
и󣬡еټĹ֮С߲ʰ쵵Ĺ⾵һӰȻСİԣ΢΢վĸǰ
ݵ飬ź𣿡
ƵԾ֮д
Ѿ׵İԵ΢һ˿ת˲š
ģĿģӰ֮ĵ˵ͷŵ¹ش򲻿ɴ⡣֪ô
ǡİȻĮ
šʲôһʱϵҡ
ǡİٶȹ
˵ⷬǾ֮еΣĵ˵ͷתȥʱһģ߲ʹ⾵̼һѣƬ֮󣬻ƫƫɫǵ㣬˸Ӱ١
İվڴ֮ϣ֮󣬳Ĭת˳ȥ

ЧȻԶչҡ
ˮڵĶ츣֮Уµ֮µһӵľ֮УݽյУ˫ۡУȴľϲ֮ɫ


525 洫ӵĽ
յЧڡչҡ졣ȥֻҪ£ұܹȫ̡쾳ڡΪˣ
츣عȻ鴫̶̰յУЧȴԶݵϡݣҲϲЦ˳
ȱʲôʣʱ䣡
ͻȻĪ䵽Ķ츣أȴǰݽһ⡣Уʤչҡ졣Ҳ˵ЧǡչҡʮֻҪ£ܹԭΪҪ·ˡ
ݳ³һ¶˼ЦȻ֪ΪʲôҪⶴ츣طָңǲǱԵɡƾһ㣬ðһЩգҲֵˡ
뵽¶˼ڴ
죬쾳ʾŵģߴӴ˽侳ĵڶ
ȴȴ쾳ǿҪǿ̫ˡ
˵죬Ҫ壡
һ㣬ǡɢ
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ڶǡ̫һӢ񵤡ˡ
̫һӢ񵤡ƷҩƷʵϣֻҪ֮㹻ǿ󣬵ҲܹƵġ
ݵľ̬ȵպܳ꣬ҲӦ̫ǡټϽ桭ֻҪõϣǡ̫һӢ񵤡ݲ˵ʮİգĲ㻹Сʵû취̫һӢ񵤡Ū֣Ҳǲһԡ
˵ǰ㶼Ϊ˵Ļô㣬ȴ¹ԼˡҲнԭ
Ϊ˵죬Ϳӵзˣ
仰˵Ҳǡݣƽ׵Ķһ
һ㣬ˮԴĵ֮УҲϸļˡУݸġ
Ҫ֪ݵĴɲǱ濴ȥǰƽ˵佣Щ¶Ϊͼ鷳ѾСˡڣԨߡпҪǲ֪ǲѾ֪ͼԼõ˵᪻š
Щÿһ˵ǶȻĴڣеκһݶûаֵĵֿȻ֪ΪʲôԭûЩݵ鷳Կ϶鲻ô򵥵ĽʣվҪġȵһ̣һ˵ôġãһǣ
ο佣ڣҲþ̫ƽˡ˵ϼϵǲԹۣµõⶴ츣ص£оʹһСžš
һոͨ洫֤˵ǰ֤ͨӣȻܵõŵ½ϣпܻһȷѪĶ츣أƾʲôƾǡš佣ϧţ
ݿɲšϧҲСҪ˵˾ʹ͸һ츣δҲ̫˰ɣϾŴģֻǡܡδǡضδпܡδţ佣ڸ߲㣬϶ѡⶴ츣ش͸Ѿˡڡ佣ǿߡʲôݣʲôԴֻҪһ۹ֻ¶ôѡ񡣶佣Ҳ˽ˡû۹⣿ʵѾ֤һС
ԣУȻݲ֪ԵɡԵɵǸǻݲ֪˭Ҳ޷ԡ
ԣǴӴ̣ε˵ĽǶȳǴݱ˵ĽǶȳմﵽ쾳ü޵飡
ⶴ츣أ̣Ҫϣ˵ֵΣҲͿˡ
ڴ֮ϣ˸˷뼸ڴ
ҶԷƺĪ͸СиоͻƵ죬еǰѡٸⶴ츣صĻ뵽еڴ˸
˷Ƭ֮ݲ³һǿѹȥ
֮ݵȴ΢΢һˣ֮ǰİԸһЩ洫ӺɴƷûкءЩʲôأ
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뵽Ҳٳɣּ䣬âһϣǶһЩǽİ֮ݺһһ𣬶ϸϸȥ
Ʒʯһö佣ڵǴֱʰһۣݱǿһѲСʯʶһɨ֮¶˼־ȡȻȫƷʯ٣һö
洫ŵӴȻͬŵʱ򣬿ûʲôʯġοǡƷʯһ־һöһԿ洫ŵ֮Ĳһ־޴ˡ
ҪݵǹҤġеõЩƷʯһʯ˵ǿáӴһʡ˰ɣ
Ȼµ˵һƷʯ㲻ʲô
ϿżֵƷʯҩġֻʱƳȻȥκмһ˵ҲʮʯˡȻһƷʯ
⣬Ҳֻ΢ЩˣҲ㲻ʲôˡ
ҡҡͷݽʯ롰Ǽȥ
Ʒˮϵˮӡ
һؼӡʱȴһ£գһ۾ķһ֮ݵУʱ¶˼ϲɫ
ˮӡһӡ书Щƴ󱯷ơȻȴ󱯷ƿҪǿϲ٣ҵˮԴĵ伫Ϊ
ݵĹֶΣʵ˵˻ЩġΧԵǿƷ֮⣬û
ˮӡһӡ书ǿƺ嫣Χ㣡ÿֲһЩȱ
ңˮӡƷ֮Ҫǿһ֣
ϲɫķеˮӡԽԽϲҪС
Ƭ֮촽ѹסе֮Сĵķˡżȥ
洫ӵĴȻҪǿϲٰǰ֣κһ֣ҪԶŵӵĴѹ֣ôˣҪ洫С
ţݼȥ
ףǡ
Ʒʱһ¶˼־ȡ
ǲˡƷġƷٶƷʯ¡ƷƷʯ򵽡ڷǰģȴ
һУһ


526 еĽ
ǳߣָ롣ͨϵϸܵ󷨣Ȼɫ⻪תǿ֪˽ȻǷƥëϷ
Ҳ򵥣ͨѩףȥͬͨİɫ֮˳ȾѩȻҲ壬ˣȴҲһͦƽĸо֮֮󣬽һˡ
ȻǡĹԼҲѾһ֪ȴܿǡƷ
ȻֻǡƷȴҲǡ
ɹȻǴɣŵʱûзһ洫У֪డƬ֮ȴǸпҡҡͷ
Ȼ֪ʵÿһ洫ӣܵõԴġһ㣬᪻ŵǰīͬ洫ݵ᪻ŵϣܿ
˵᪻ŲĴ֮УΪеһˣǼ洫Ӷû佣ڵ洫ӣôܱǴҪã
ֻΪĳ˵ԭݵĴҪԶͬ洫ӡˡһǡһټʯƷ֪˵ĻֻҪĽʺ˰ɣҪ֪ʦϼƽ̣ҲֻһƷĽԼһƷˡʯȻУҲֻǿʮöƷʯ
Ȼһм޷ȵڵĶ츣ء츣أһʯһ߼Ϳȵģ
츣ض͸ݵ㣬ͿԿһֺˡ
ȻǲԵɣԵɶݶվǸǻвö֪پĿǰЧ˵Ǻõġ
ݸпƬ֮󣬲ûæƣǽ֮Ҳˡ
Ѿ˰˪롰\ʼסͬ͵ЧҲܵӣݻûʲôá
ʵϣѾ˼ƽϡ
ҪˡȻòϡȴǸպÿԡ
ȵ죬ɢ̫һӢ֮󣬾ͷ޼ҡ˳㣬ǰ콧һˡ콧ѪԨֻҪõѪԨزһƷƷʱ򣬾ͿԴļġң߷츳ãչҲҹȥҴʱıЩ⡭Ӧãйذɣ
뵽΢΢һüͷЩӡ
ȻϾԼǶԷĶӡô˵ԼȻ̳ļݣ飬ԼͲܲܡȻŵζҵĸ£Ҫȥġ͵ǣǡùȥ廳һ°ɡ
뵽³һȴ˦˦ͷ֮һԣһʣµĶ
ʣµģ޷ǾһЩҩм¼һЩسʶ鼮
ҩٶȣͨƵĵҩ˵ôջ󲻴󡣵ǼһЩسʶ飬ݵļȤ
һֱĳʶݵĶ̰塣ϾݽӴʱ䣬̫ˡ
һ㣬ڼ佣֮Ľ죬ҲѾ˲ٵĸơЩܳʶĶѾ˽ġ
ʶ㲩ϹȻǼ鼮İȻǲСġ
ҩķ롰ݸɴıһ飬бͷϿģˡ

һʱ䣬ݵƺлص˼ƽ֮Сƺסĵط仯֮⣬ģûκα仯
ϣУ̡ⶴ츣عȻ˵һ൱ڡչҡʮϡݴ쾳ڵΪͿľ͹Ԫ롰ҲѾȲ̤ˡ쾳ڡӦеĽ׶Ρ
˰죬ҲûȻС
ȻȻܻϥķǹˡ
⹦ӵейײ粽ƣˣѩ裬󱯷Ƶȵȵȵȡ
ǿĹǳʱ䲻Уһ裬Ե֮ʱʵͻļȻԸˡǰڳʱҪܵڸںԶĵطȥСⶴ츣֮У֮ŨģҲʱֲȻûˡ
֮⣬ˮӡҲʼ
ˮӡƷصļΪɬҲΪѡݵĴҲоѡ
ȻԽǸƷĹԽǼѡ
Ȼѹѣݡʮ֮ѾеˮӡڶءȻ㲻ϵңҲСгɾˡ
ƷҪݴﵽ֮󣬲пең¯ĵزӳǿܡ
СгɾͣҲˡ
ڳҲһǧٶȣš
ȻųжȣԣҲûûҹС
ⶴ츣ľ¿ǲְ͡ݺܿϲ
֮࣬ϲһҡΣɽСԵһʯϣ֮⡰¡¡ڲϵһƷ裬ȻԵõĿей糣ʶ鼮ЩʶС˵ԵʶС
һæµԿ֮жȹ˵ȻԵãѵõˡ
Щ죬ûκŹݡİԡ
·ѾݵĴڡ
ݣҲû뿪ⶴ츣ȥλİʲôġȻѾ䣬ݾͲʲôֻҪĹ۲ͺˡΨԼʵĵ֮ģҲ˸ɴͲˡ
Ҫⶴ츣һֱݣƽȴֲӿֻԼҪˡ
еӻšҲԾ˵ٶš
һۣһµʱ䣬Ѿȥ

һ峿һ붨˫ۡ
һԶľɫâһӶûʧ
ڴƬ֮³һ
һˣʵڰǰѾȫˡΪЧֶһ¡ѾĴ쾳ˣҲһļƻˡ
ǵģڰ֮ǰݾѾȫ˴쾳ڵΪֻɸ¥ƽĵΪûΪʵӲǶ๮һ¡֪
ΪɱһǰҪ߶ˡԪʶʵࡣԪʶĲݣǸѾﵽ΢Ľ׶Σκһ˿ССĲܾɡ
ۻָ¯࣡
ֿսпкܴõġϾǿ֮սһζǿƾͿԵġ֮壬ʱ֮ǧ


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ӦһԼ״̬ĵ˵ͷų𣬳Ŷȥ
һһŨŻݵ˱Ƕܵ΢۾
ⶴ츣صȷǲء֡ⷬ£ˡ
ſվƬ֮Ŷųȥ
츣صݺԼĪ幫ң幫֮ĵطǱһ˸ݵĿռʶҲ޷͸ȥ·γ˿ռϲ㣬˵ޱȡ
ݸǰĳڣȴһƾնĹšɫâ˸вͣתγһһڡ
ȡԼƣ֮ʱһ㣬һˮԴĵԪ
ᡱһ
֮ϣһ⣬΢һ٣ȻƿնɫĵĹâС
ɫâʢ˲佫ɡ
Դ΢΢һûعʱݾͷ֣Ѿ˶츣ˡ
ǵɽ֮䡣
ݺŤͷʱǿдšˮҶĶţһУһǰûаֵĲ
Ѿ׼֤ʵˣݻ̲ס̾
ǿⶴ˭Ʊʵһռأ
Ŀӹһ˿пҡҡͷһٶ룬תһ֮Σʱɿ˳ȥ
ȻѾ洫ӣ΢ߵһ㵹ˡ
Լ֪ԼĴЩ֣ܸԼһЩƣͱһЩĺá\ʼ׵ķǾѵһɱѾ򲻵ѣֳ֮

иʡ
ɽ֮ϣŵӵӰǿУμҴңεӰֻȺֳģһ٣еĳ档
λʦʦ㣬ȻطɣСܻЩ顣
ɽһξ޵Եĵ·֮ϣһԱߵġԺ߳ϡ
ʲô飿һԵҪ£ļλͬ鲻ͣ²ЩֵŤͷѯʡ
СҪȥһ˹ż󡣡˵һˣȥԸΪ˵䣬˼ͷ
ż󣿡ͬһЩ棺ȥĶʲô
ǲ˼ͷЦһڹż￴һ鼮רŽڴǱĵġϴֻһ룬ûѧꡭ
ģͬǶ΢΢һ¡һȴΪ⣺ѧǶʲô
ֻȤˡһЦ
֪ʲô½ԣѧĻѧһ㡣ȵպ˵ʲôʱõأ֪ɣŴ󲿷ֵķɶļصġѧˣպõѧҲΪʶֶ˰
ԱһŮӵӣƺҲͦȤġ˵֮Ҫǰż󡱵е˹ȥߵҺһȥãҶҲΪȤءû뵽żȻЩռô˵һûȥżء
ż佣רиĵڣ֮⣬Į򣬶ĳ֣Ҳ¼ءӼŮҪһͬǰҲԵúܿģæͶԷ˵һ֮ſͬȻˣλʦ֣Ǿ߰ɡ뷽ʦٻ
༸ΪͬȻûʲôȤ˶ʾҪǰż󡱣Ҳûʲô˵˼֮󣬼˵ɽȥ
Ŀͼ˱Ӱʧ֮ŮӣתȴǳɽϷһ֧·ȥ
Ƿ֧·ϣŲٵĽ·ͬҲвٵŵӣУԵú֡
ǰǹżˡ
Ů˰죬֧·ĵطŮǰģһߣռȴǲСĸ¥¥ɫ㣬΢ᵴŵһ˿Ϣ
ȻҪĵࡣʲôˡǿˣҲûȺ˵Цĳ档ʶԵΪ͡
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¥֮󣬷ԼζʱŨ
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ò˵һֳ׽ĲǰȻǻںߵĻϡȴʵʵڵԷ֮ϵġǴһ˵
ŮſһǼǵĵӴǼһ֮󣬱˽ȥ
ȻЩᳵ·ѾĿֱ꣬ӾͳĿȥŮҲ
һǰͣȻϷ
ŮһķΧ鼮ȴҵԼҪҵ顭
ʱš
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˺þãŮ˺ЩˣȴͻȻ껹ڷң΢΢һüͷ
ͣ·ҵĶŤͷŮӣҼǵϴͷλõģҲˡǲǣˣ
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ĺ棬һרŹӿϢĳ
⡰ż鼮ǲż󡱵ġֻΪȫƷƷ佣أ佣ڶǺмġȻԿǾǲ𻵻ġ
ԣҪż飬ͱڡż濴԰ôһõǿĵط
ϢвͷԵĿšλãȴ޷Էǿʲô顣
϶ǱˡһȦ֮ЩʧĿЦһ
Ůȴһüͷɻѵû鼮ˣ
ԣٶȿЦһϴǽ顣ΡǼȫˡӦͬҪѧãԶȥ˰ɣ
ߣǴ󿪣ѧʲôرĿ졣Ϊܺá
鼮ʱԵһŵӣƺǵĻѯʡ
һǿͻȻ˵ˡ
˿Цһˡ֮ǰҲҹȫ֮󣬾ȥѯſڵʦ֡
ôˣȫȥˣŮЩ档ɻʲôʱܻӭˣ
ţȫȥˡ˵˵ͷЦңͬһˡ
һˣ˶΢΢һ󣺡Ҫôͬ͵ʲô㲻ȥʸʦôЭһ£ϵλʦ֣ſһ²ô
ҵ롭εʼЦɶԷ洫ӡ
洫ӣ
شһסˡ


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洫ӣ˭أ
Уɻ²

ʦ֣Щȫйؽڴĵ鼮ˡ
ż󡱶¥һ֮С
䴰ϣɹ⼫ѡа費ݻȴֹɫζ
֮ǰڷ˺һ鼮һиӣվһԣϴĵЦݡ
šǺǣ鷳ˡ
һʶ͵漴һ˵֮ˣ֮ǰ
ݣ
һϮϴżЦݣǴиĵӣ˵ͷ
иĵ϶ʱ¶ܳı飬ֵʦأʦأֻʦܷ֮£鷳ֻ֣ҪʦֲʦдܣʦܱѾָм鷳֣ʵǲҵҵ
ʱ΢΢һȴû뵽Լһ׻ȻöԷ˼
΢֮ȴֺȻȻ
ӣԼ洫ӵĽƣöԷЩ
һ뵱Լʱţ֪ŵӶ洫һη塣ԼҲ洫ӣŵǣӵɱȨԼͻȻãԷͷС΢ЩҲͿˡ
뵽ݲҡͷ̾һ׽˵ʵҲû̫Ĳͬ˵ˣʵʵȨưˡǰŵӵʱ򣬿ɲ㹧ĶԴԼ
뵽΢΢¶һ˿Цݣ˵ͷҲٶ˵ʲô
ǴиһֱСĵĹ۲ݵı飬飬˵ҲʮֵļæСĵĹʦ֣ɻʲôҪô
΢΢ҡҡͷ
ǵæˣʦܱ㲻ʦֿˡ͡ˣ
ŶԷС΢ģȴһֿЦõĸоӶԷıƺԼһϲŭ޳ɱ˿ħˮһ㡭˾ô
аҡͷЦϣ΢΢˵ͷû˵
ǵɴ⣬æʦܸˡ˵꣬ź˼ת첽߳˷šŵĹ˷š
һϵеĶ޲ֳ˶ݵļɵСģʵЩЦá
㿴ſƬ̣ҡҡͷˣͷϵɫҲе鱾
ûһż󡱣Ŀģѧᡰ򡱵ԡӶܹԼеž
žһΪ֡һΪͼΪʾݲֻԼ취
ڴκм֮ݾͰѯһ֪⴫иġżڣӵн̵Ե鼮ʱҪоͻƣ񣬹ʶһֱûй
񾳽Ѿͻ빮ϣѧϰֵ飬Ҳճ̡
Ѵ󿪵ǣѾﵽˡĿľءһȻѧȴѲݡֻҪרУڼ֮ڣ֮ѧᡭ٣㹻ԼۿžŪžǷֱһЩʲô
žֱԴϵĺԼī쾳ڵӡҲ֪⵽ǼһЩʲô֮Ѱ֮
Щڴţ߻֣â˸žǳԱߵ֮ϡ
Ťͷһ֮һĿ⣬Ŀе鼮

Ҫѧһ֣Ȼǰ򵥡⡰ż֮вΪ񣬹йءֵ鼮Ͷʮ˫뱾Ҳ屾֮ࡣ˵ݵļԣֻ迴һ飬ҲͲܽȫѧᡣ
ʵȴô򵥡⡰򡱵ֲơ򡱵㣬һֱͿԴһ˼ɸŹַĳֹһ֮󣬷ӵضĺ塣
ż޵Ķƪ֮бȽģݱȽϸĶģûеġԣҲҪƾǿļ䣬Щ鼮ȫ£ȻͨϸĵıȶԣһһѰҵЩַַĹɣȻͨĶԱȣһŪеĺ塭
֪ҪķѶľ빦ˡ漰߼Լϸģѷǵ֮˿󡭡
ʶһȥȫ档ʱȻţɫڽİ
ˡˡˡ
ʦ֣𣿡
̫ȫɽѾϡ¹ʱݱϸ΢йɵѡ⴫һС
һȫ롣һɫȴ¶һ˿⡭û뵽ʱ֮졣ûиоȥ೤ʱ䡭
Ҳֻǻع󿪿ڵţڡɡ
š֨ѽһᱻƿиĵӣСĵĴ˽ݺ϶˹ЦݣεҼɫѾȫˣʦȴûһġʦֻûɣƵơ
˵꣬æСܵݵԣϵ͵ȡҪȼ
ⷿʵһֱΪõģƽʱǺġȴҲûҹ֮ڵþߡƽذ֮ãҲһյ͵ơû뵽ȴպóˡ
ˡ
ȴִ˶ԷжվչһЦһ£һмûпܴ꣬ܲؾһģҾͽԭⲻͻô
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Ȼڽŵʱ뵽ֿܡһ˵û˿ĳɱǻش
ʵż󡱵Ĺ涨ǲ˴뿪ġֻ涨һŵӡ洫ӣȴûӲҪġ
Ͼ洫ӵݿɱŵҪĶ࣬˼ԺٶһųϡݵλѰŵӿ֮ģ˵ż󡱵ĲҲ󣬵ϾʲôѧȥҲȥˡֻҪʧҲûʲôϵ
οҲһŪô
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ַɡһ飬˵ͷЦŵʱţ䣿
ʦ֣ʮŵġ񡭡ȻȻʮˡַһ⣬ɫ¶˼Σǹػص
ʮꡭһԷ䣬ݶʱһ¡


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ʮꣿ˵Է඼ҪԼүү۵൱ˣ
ϸǰַɼۣȴʵ޷ǰ˾ȻѾʮˡ࣬ҲʮͷӡһȴżڴɫͲоʮ˸е顭
磬Ȼ׽绹кܴĲ𰡡
ݴ˶ԷƬ֮ȴ˰̾
׽磬νġ򣬳Ϊ𡱵˵Ȼ磬ȴû˻ֶ
磬ʵ
ʵǿСҲû˸㡭ʵ΢鳤ǧ꣬£Ҳ㣡
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ݣֻжʮ꣬ΪΪѾΪ洫ӣ󡣲ʮ꣬ŵӣȻҪʰ
ǰַɣΪ쾳۷壬Ѿʮ꣬ûнһΪ洫ӵĿܣֻܵһŵӣ⡰ż󡱣ԱСʮݣҲҪС
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˵꣬ҲûģתʰԼ鼮
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ȻĿеģʧɫһ֮Ѿʧ漴ǿǰʦ֣ʰɡ
Ǻǣˡѡ
ȻԷһʧûж˵ʲôЦžܾ˶Էĺ֮󣬺ܿĽ鱾ʰãվ
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ʰϵݣַɸһڿˮһ˿Ŀݡ
ݿһۣȴһЦˣ鷳ˣҾˡ֮顣
һ˵ַ΢΢һ漴еʧٶһûǿЦżҲûʲôġʦߡ
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Ŀ뿪ֱԷıӰʧַ֮΢飬ŽӿֳȻЩͷɥ
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ͬУΪ˼ҾĴﵽ쾳Լ߰ʮ꣬ȴ޷ͻһأ
ţ֮̾һתʰ

ǳ죬һıʯǶ΢谵֮ϡѾģǹ⡣
ԡǹ֮Уһ·Լľȥ
ʮ˱Ѿ˶ʮѾһֵĹɡȿʣµļܽһЩɣӦҲͲԱʶ󲿷ֵˡ
߱ţбܽšһʮ˱飬˶ʮһЩֻʣʮ˱ˡ
ʱͿԷžϵǼЩʲôˡ˵Щڴ
ݵȻ¶˼ڴ
Ȼڴ
ңԶĴ򡣶ǷĴ֮أ
ѧǱȽټġǣǴǱ಻ƷĴ󱯷Ƶϣܿѧųơƴ嫰硱˵˵ѡܵõһƷϵ似ǾͿԳ֮ΪϲˡߣܵõһƷϵķķǾ͸ˡ
һǿԼķģֻиˡܵõƷϵķķԷķ߶һЩеĹȵȣܱȻˮԴĵ߶ĹʢرǴ󱯷ƣҲܹȫתˡ
󱯷ڿҲƷѧǣҲǰȫӳܵʱһŷķܣ󱯷ƣֻ¾ҪΪһɱˡ
ݵзųâ
ǺпܵġΪž֮Уһǹżȫƪ֣ûͼͺпķؼ
Ȼľڵ伮Ҳ١ӵǺеģôҲǽ۵伮Яɮɣ
һ߰˼ţһ߼ӿԼǰٶȡ

תƣ䡣ܿģʱ䣬˹ȥ
츣УԵɽ֮ҡϣ۾Ŀеһż
ߣһѾûԼɢڵϵĹż
֮£΢΢ҡҡΣԶԵĺ֮ţмҰװ⡣
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ڿˡģҲЩ˼
죬ӵһȥż󡱵졣ݽʮ˱鼮ȫ꣬УѰҵĵĹɡ
ѧһԣҪ׽˵ˣǵþɡ
ǣ˶ԣȴǺġϾߣȫһɶʮֱ̬ġĶ˵ʵȫİĶֻ»òôʱ䡣
һؼ
ΪʲôеؼֻŪһСѡ߿ǽʵȫڷĶѡ񣿾Ϊߵļ̫ǿҪǿǣٺ鱾ֻҪĿһ飬ܼ¸˾Ųʮ
ݵļں쾳ʱѾʮֱ̬֮Ǹǲö˵ˡҪǡֻҪһҳҳĴһۣºݼ䣬ȫĻ
ڣͿžǼЩʲôɡ
ЩȲտһżҪˡ
ٳɣһ֣â˸Уž
һ֮ѡǾֵĹżͷһ
䣿
ż֮ϣдŤġ֮󣬱ǡ䡱֡ȴһ
֣ȲơķƺҲƷžڵ伮֡
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ܶʱռ̽Կգһпӣɫգղɫɫǿգռɫʶิǡ
һһĶȥ
˵ԻнУ޽УɮУڭ
ڣͨƪݣȴЩĪ
ѵֻһͨķڣ
ִͷһ飬һ飬ȴ˿ʲô֮У¶˼ʧ
û뵽ΪɱֵĺУȻЯһڡ⡭
ЩЦõҡҡͷȻĽӴȴҲ֪ľ֮оһǡɱǺΪһɱߣȻʱ̴ôһڣ·ԼǷһ㣿ʵЩЦˡ


530 ɽزظ
ݿ˰Σվҡҡͷε̾һ֣ǡ䡱˴ΣǾͼž
ϣиһ㾪ϲɣεšͬʱͷȥ
ɽ
ͷһʱͿǹž֮Ϸļ֡ݵ۾ʱһæ濴ȥ
֮󡭡
ɽزظû뵽һݲرͼ
϶ʱ¶һ˿Цݣֹ
ȻѾ²⣬ͼȥƺĳֵͼȻ֤ʵȷʱȻӿһ˿ϲ֮
Ȼ⡰ɽġزظǸʲôģĸεǿµġչҲһϲô
ǹžؼôһҲǰѧһİ
ݿеĹžϴЦݡ
ȻΪݶⶴж뷨Ϊⶴ˶ĲƸʵϣѾõͼȼĵͳԿ׵˵أʱ治ϡϲҲֻΪһ̬ˡ
֮ϲֻҪˣеһĪĿеġ
ɽ֣Ӧڴ򡭡ʱ䣬Ҳȥ
ǲԶ佣ڵġʵѾãֻΪﵽ֮Ҫ뿪佣ĴΧֻѡ
˼֮󣬴Ц⣬ֽž̵ĵĹżһһԼġ֮Уվӡ
̧ͷȥǰһµڲϢأһɽ֮ƣȻ
ǰСļֱһֻССϡ
ݵ֮ϣ¶˼ָп
֮Ȼǡ
Ⱦ£ȻѾһˣȻݸпѡ
ʵһ֮ǰݾΪ棬ǡʼס϶ˣҪԴͷʲôط
ϧɵǧɾʱ򣬱Ѿⶴ츣صļ֮ٲ·ɫռѷ֮һ㡭
ҲûóȻǿռѷ֮ȥʶȻʮֵɻ
Ӷ츣ص濴ڵɽ֮ϣȷһٲٲ޷ǰٲᲢ̫ۡˣԵۡ
лᵹǿȥǹż󿴿йض츣صӦصġ
аş̌ͷһ֮תһΣɽ괦ľȥ
һֻѧϰģзЩˡ
У֮

峿뿪˶츣أһˡż󡱡ӴģȻλַɡ
ַɼٴεȻֳ㹻нֻеڴ֮ɫŨ˼ֻ֡ǽļżˡż֮󣬱뿪ˡż󡱡
áַɡٶʧһΡ
ַ֡ɡڴʧϾΨһһѯʹ洫ӡ洫ӣȨһŵڰ֮󣬼֮ڵġ
κһļǿ˵¶֮֮Ĳ𡣲˵ڳԣͱ֮Ѱ֮ǿ̫ˡĪ˵еҩɹʹá
֮⣬һöǵʮѵõġ

һż󡱣ݲδٽģȻԶ츣ܸȤȴҲ֪⼸ѧϰģѾϢˡҪģǼԼ
һҪöҩһöƷϵȻûƹԽӡֶΣӦòƲǡ
һ߱УһаţѾǡ쾳ڡѾȫֻ̡ҪһöƷڣƷڣƷ۷ԼһöƷڵͿԼչǱȥЩݺġ
һԽ֮ϣȻͱչءȡһͻƵ죡
аԾٶȸ˼֣ųȥ

壬һһƬ졣
ƽ̨һţ󣬴󲿷ֶŵӣͬҲдճŸָ洫ӣٵųǡ佣ڵĶʢ
µĹΣȻöһƷڵĸûʲôʱȥˡ
ӳϷ壬һȺˡ˰ֹţ֮һɿա
ǰǰֲƷ׵ĵҩȻҪʮöһɹʸ˵ȽϸߣҲɣԻЩʱȥСû뵽¾ȻҪ⸴
һ˽ӿӦȻµĹΣͬҲһЩ֮⡣
ܱɻʦֿأ֮Ǿͺˡϴһ˿㽡
ˡɻʦֵ֮ǲ֮ءʦŶ͸¶ᴫ㣿˺Ĵ
ֻ룬ѵϳɫһյ
ô⹦򣬻߳ɹʣµĹΡ˴˵Ļ
ǡˣ˵ɻʦôˣŲֹһεҪõ֮ǺĻؾˡҲ֪ǲûдڸˣͻȻЩʣµļ˶΢΢һǻûء
ˣݲɻʦֽܽŵôһɻʦΨһܵˡ˵ɻʦֵĹϵǲơ֮еҲ˵׼أ᲻ǵõɻʦֵ洫ˣͻȻ²
ǰ˵һжʱûˡǰʱڴи洫УλʦƺҲǽء᲻ǡ
ܣҲΪҲ쾳ڶѣͻƣ϶ֻͬͬհˣ
ߣ׽˵һǳȻĺܡʵȦҲû׽жĲ̸ҲǶûûʡһ⳶һ⣬Ҳˡ
˺ˣ˵Щʲô尡ôɹΰɡⱻԶһ˲òһ⡣
䷽ҼǵĺҲûðһƷҩʱҪĵľʵ̫вʧܡ߳ɹҲһˡҪö˿Ц
˵ǵУҲͺʦֵĳɹ˰ɣʦ֣˵˵ûʲôô
ôһ˵Χˣʱһ˿ȥ
ţʦ֣㡭
Ȼһ֮ȴ΢΢һֻɴ۾ǰԶ
вӿһ˿ɻ󣬶Ťͷȥ
ȻǿĿŵ㣬ȴͼͻȻӿٶȣǷ첽˹ȥ
һ֮ҲæϣĿͬʱźпܹע
ڴʱǱһִڵĳӹҲͬʱ˼˵ĶС
ʦ֣ʮ˺ŵΣ
ʦ֣ݣ
˺Ŀ⣬ͬʱǵǰһ˿ȥһͻȻȻ˲УһɲŵɫȻ
ǵӸǰһͦϴźЦݵİ꣬΢΢˵ͷ
õġ


531 
ݣôݣôݣ
ŵӣһͣ²ˡ
ӣ쾳һŵȸӦݵΪһʱɴ۾
ʮ˺ǿֻг洫Ӳʹõĺôô뵽ִڵӵĻҲǵɴ۾
ȻƬ֮һ֪ͻȻǵԺ֮ð˳
һǰ洫ӣ֮ͬͬˡǡʵʵڵݱˣ
ôܣôܣһμҲǰѣǸʱֻ쾳ڶѰôᣬôᡭ
һŵӵۿȻ
ݣǰţɻƽأµ͵Ϊ˺ơ⣬ڳ󲿷ŵĿµӡ
ȻŵǶҲעעԭȴΪΪɻᡣ
˵ڳŵ֮УûκεԵġ٣ԶԶϲϺ˵ġ
ѵѵɻʦ֣ʲôֱĵҩԲܹ˿ĽһһŵӵĿУ𡭡
һ죬ԭ𺳵Ļ겻ļŵӣһһ۾Ȼһ
ûûһԷɻʦֹϵףȻʦֲϧֱۣĵҩˣһŵͷ顣
ԣֻ˵ͨ
ŵͷ
Ҳǣ̶̲ʱԷ쾳ֱ쾳ڣֱӿ˲֪һϰ쵤ҩôˣ
Ĳ²⣬һ֣ʱ͵õǼŵӵϿɡǿ֮⣬޽͡
ϵĸоһáǰߡġԣܻҳɣС
ǣ벻ŵɫĴǵʧȡ֮ģĽĽģһ˿ɫ

ʦ
һ߼ŵһƬ²Ľ֮Сһߣִڵĵ˵֮󣬱㳯ݹһĶݶ֮׼ŶԷŵȥ
ƽ̨а˰һʮȻõĵȴźǰʮһĵţֻЩڵĵ¯ڣֳƷ¯ƽʱǲŵӿŵġ
Ѿ洫ӣȻǻˡ
Ҳ֪浽ʲôط
ݸŵӣȴ²š
ݣ
߳һȴͻȻ𣬽ס
һ֮Ťͷ
ʦ֣һˣݵ΢΢һ
ߣǺˡ
Ƭ֮󣬺Ѿ첽ݵĸǰ
Цʦ֣þòˡ
Ȼȴδһʱ˵һ˫𺳵۾µĴ
ţĿ΢ȴεһҡͷ
ͻƵʱ͸ӦǰͻƵɽ۵ġɼԷпȫ̼֤ԼͻƵֻǵʱԼ棬ƾ衰\ʼס뿪ˡ
ǣһǰڴиԼʸ֤ҪѸ佣ڵġԷ²⵽ԼҲˡټ桭
㡭
ڴ֮ڣһ˿Ц
ε̾һҡͷֻǽҰˡ
ңʻ㣬˵Цݸһݡ΢΢һ٣һ֣ݣ֮̾ǵһμ棬Ҳûءϲˡ
л⸱飬ݵҲ֪˵ʲôֻЦŵ˵ͷ
˺ϵĸоֻ£ôġݺ˵顣
´һݣ³һĿ֮Уģһݼ㡣
ˣ˵ˡѾһȴҲˡ³һȻ¶һЦݣҳǲġ룬Ӧòڲ̫ˡŰɣҺˣվҲͻƵģ
ݵ۾΢΢һЦ˵ͷš
ţ˺ݺݵĵ˵ͷЦˣ˵ˡȻѾΪ洫ӣֻҪѣпյʱͻɣ
˲δѯʶԷͻƵգûԼԵɡҲûѯڵ֤ʱ򣬲ɻȥϼδȥġͬûѯΪʲôݵĹϵѾڳ塭ΪҲǴÿˣԼܵġЩܣǲ˽͵ġ
һġЦŵ˵ͷ
ˣҲˡҲȥæˡǡ˵˸ǡ
ݵ˵ͷˣˡ
һҲͣ˵ִڵӣʱҲź΢΢Ǵһкݣŵȥˡ
Ŀ뿪֮󣬺˲ջĿ⣬һ˿ս⣬Ĵ۽˽ȭͷ
ҺˣҲŬģ
ʦ֣ʦ֡
ʱԭͣ˵صһŵǣҲߵ˺˵ԡ۵ص㣬αݱɻӰ죬ԼǵĲм
Ȼⲻм֮Уص˿ģļʡ
ڶУȴЦġ
ǿĵҩʲôҩ죬ͻͣͻ˲ġܡͣʮʱ䣿УǿҲֻд˵еĳƷҩ˰ɣ
Ȼ˲δǶ˵ʲôֻһͷЦĿ໥šȻУȴһݲм
ֻԹˣӼԭˡһ¶Ǽ޵İɣ

鷳ˡ
ʮ˺ǰִͣڵһЦ
ʦˣʦûʲôӾиˣִڵæ˵
΢΢˵ͷִڵ΢΢ȥ
ĿɨܣֻԶƽ̨۾עԼ֮о㶼ż־η²⡭ŵӡ
ݿһ֮һתȥǰҪͨĵŸݻߴŻĿ΢΢ʵ
쾳Ŭ
һ˵

ʱȻȥ
磬ʱţΪעͬҲΪעĴڡ
佣֮ڵ˶ԣһʱ䣬˭ǲ̫עġΪǶŵӶԣǵͣҲ֮󡭡
Ӻˣ׿Ŭͻ쾳䣬ʮ꣬⣬Ͻ洫֮ʸΪ佣洫ӣϣλʦܣʦԺΪĿ꣬ŬУ洫֮У
иڣƺƵģ
иۣ֮˸ɽ£ŵĽĿ⡣ȴ̧ͷԶ
߰ɣҴȥʦ𡣡
󣬴һ˻عͷŤͷһ׳˶³ӯһ˵Ƶꡣ
ǵģʦ֡
˵ͷּ䣬һɫ⻪󣬾źˣһͬ˸߿աһźӰڿнסǣԸٶȣԶȥ


532 ɣܣ
츣֮ڣٲȻʵĹߡһ¡֮ڶģһƬŨİɫ뵡ڣɾ
޴ƾճֵٲ֮£һӰȴϥ֮¡޴ˮİ˶ȥ˿С
ٲǧɵĸ߿ƾ£֮ǿ֪ɽʯͻȻٲ֮£ֻҲҪĸ˲ͱɷ飬ȥ³ĪҪ˵ˡֻҪһȥʱҪǣզһ̯ࡣ
ǣӰΪ̵ĵסʯĶСϣûиֳκεԪ󣬾忹ȻƾӴˢȴΡȻ֮ǿᣬԴﵽһֲ˼ĵز
ӰĶ£˫΢գûϢһ㣬˿Χٲ֮û졣
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䣡
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ա
죬Ӱȵɽ֮ϡ󣬻عͷ
ŵžӨĹһ΢΢¡ļ⣬ȥһ֪ŲСˮ˳ʪĺӵϣȴ޷ļ֮˿ͣһεεĻĺɫ֮С
ݿͦ˫ü罣΢΢˵촽΢΢ţһ˫ȴ΢΢ѹһ˵ǿϢϣ˳ȥ
΢΢üĿԶٲ֮ȴһ
û뵽Ӵ֮ڸҴôͬʱȴҲ⡣޷ƵĻֻ¡
֮Ŀ΢΢ĿңԶٲͦϣȴ¶һ˿˼
꣬ݣ
Ϊ洫ӣѾȥһʱ䡣ݣڰ֮ǰѾƾŶ츣ŨΪ̵˵조쾳۷塱ĳ̶ȡĴʱ䣬һֱⶴ츣֮бչǱޣһͻƵ죬쾳ء
ڵһͻƵ쾳ʱƾǳʮġܡѾԼĸо˵ľ硣ԣ֮ڶ̶̰ʱľӡ쾳ڡ쾳۷塱νˮɣΪ١Ʋ⣬ٶҪ죬Ӧòʲô²Ŷԡ
ǣĿʼбչ֮ŷ֣飬ԶԼǰ򵥡
죬֮Ϊ䡰ڶȻ֮֮ǡꡱ
СǡΪꡱػꡱԼꡱǣΪ塱ۡࡱӢǡ
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νض곣⣬Ψס仰оͿԿ꣬ʵǲ׵ġ
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롱֮⣬Ƶ
롱֮£ڤڤԨ
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ضأڷ򡣹ʶ֮ܽеһЩϢһ֮ķʽﵽһֱһ˿ϵ֮У⣬ǳΪ˵ġ롱
еʱܻ뵽ֹŹŹֹ֣ŵ顣ʵδؾǼٵġпܣض֮󣬴Ϣ
Ȼͨ˵ġꡱС޷֮֮ѶϢԡءڴϢʱ򣬳һֶԡꡱıϢʶһֻǡ롱ĸо
ǣǿǧ֮⣬Ȼİյǧ֮ⷢ顣ιʣһЩ۷ǿߣƲ꣬ǧ֮ᷢһЩʲô飬ȡʡ⣬Ǻιʣ
ΪжصķšȻĸȴ⡣
ǾǣǶӵһǿġꡱһԳܡضꡱ֮зǵѶϢġꡱ
⡰ꡱǡꡱ
ꡱǽͨġꡱͣͨһЩĸʱõĲ
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ʵݵۻԷ򣬰˵ҪĹ̫ѡ
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һֱʶ֮еӴ֮һֱǿ̡ǣǰĺܶ飬һܹɡ˵Ǿ֮ȡչʱӴ֧֮ţֻѾһˡ֮ܽշӵн޵䣬ɹһ޽ӽԳɹĵز
һУӴ֮ġҲǡɡ
ȻҪꡱˡӴ֮ǳΪġܡ
Ӵ֮޵ĺôȴΪһ谭
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뵽ݵü΢΢
ʵһ˵ӵôӴ֮ǵǰܣĺ£
Ӵ֮ġꡱָһǿ˵죬ҲǺΪҪĵģҲֻʱѡ
ʱʲô쾳ǿߵԪһǧꡭ֮ǿһǧʱ䣬ôҲɹ˰ɣһɹԪֲ̼ӵһ޷ġꡱǺεȺ£
ٵȴǡʱ䣬ǡþΪǷȱġ
ڣԨߡ
ЩΧߵɱ
ЩδѰǱʲôǣס˾ʣվһ죬ǻģһ죬Բ̫Զ
ͼһǿջЩǿߣôܻ˶ȡȥ
ûĻЩǿҪҵʶǿľֱѹƵҳΪǵūͶǺпܵġ佣ڣҲӻҡ


533 ü
΢΢üͷ뵽˵ơ\ʼסʱĪֵǳԨߡ
մͷͷͻȻ֣ǳԨֱѹֻݣѾʧȥңΪ˶Էūͻˡ
겻ɣ֮ٺ嫣ȴҲ޷γЧĵֿ֮üͷֻ֮꣬ȫһ㣬ֿһʵʱǳԨǿǿѹңֻҲôˡ
ݵ֮Ϊ嫣ͷڵ꿴ʱ򣬶Ǵһ򵥡
һûꡱӵǿġ֮Ҳûõġǿĵ˿ǵʲôĺ¡Ϊ־ū͡򡰷ӵżΪɲǱ
Էֻ轫ġ걾顱ǿѹôʧȥңΪԷūͻ򡰷֮⣬޵·ߡ
Ψꡱ֮ȫ۵һ㣬ӵкϺ֮ĵֿ
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վԭãתľȥ

գ뿪ˡ츣ء
յһѾһǾǣ뿪佣ڡǰκм
̫֮Ӵ󣬵Ҫ꣬Ҫʱ䡣ȴûôʱӻѣҪѰ;ӿһ̡
뵽Ψһİ취ǵҩ
ĵҩΪ衱⡰衱Ʒҩӵ湦Чڴ½ϣǼΪܵ׷ļֵҩ֮һ۸Ϊ
Ȼܸ֮ⵤҩĵġκΣδﵽ죬ȱĸ޷ơԣΨһİ취չ
κмÿһʱ䣬һʢᡣϣƷƷĵҩֹ⡰񵤡ӦҲֲܻǡ
һҽκмչĲϣѾȫƳ˳Ʒҩһ֣Ӧþܹ㹻ʯǵҩ˰ɣ
йš
κм֮Уչ˼ֵһǧƷʯƷҩϣֵֻܼѾʮƷʯϡһöƷƷҩӦҲࡣ
ݲǰٷ֮ȷ
Ҫ֪񵤡ɲֻԴ쾳۷áǵϵˣȥҲвСĺôһ㵼ⵤҩʮֵ֣ҲһֱӸ߲¡
ʮƷʯҲһٷ֮پ򵽡
ȻԴݲʮֵġʵڲʱһЩҩκмƳɳƷۣҲˡ
ǳɹʸߵʦõ᪻Ų֮صܸ٣ȻǲƪȴѾˡ
ţݽȴǲһٵƶš
뿪ڴ֮ǰȴһҪȥ졣
ҽȴ֪ҪãİȴѾ޷ֵ̫ˡ̫һӢ񵤵ĵǽʦְɡ
аš
ûҪ飬ǽ̫һӢ񵤵ĵɻᣡУַ
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δԷİ֮ˣ˵ʲôҲҪȵġ
ݱǴ쾳֮Լ̫һӢ񵤣Ȼ󽻸εġʱȴѾЩˡ
İֻ깦ЧѾȥ롣а꣬ҶҪĻɢˡ
ʱ˵ʵ㲻˶೤ңûн졣ǽ֮ҪƷҩҲҪһʱΪѾǲܸϵļˡ
Ҫǣ̫һӢ񵤵Ĳϣɲ׵õƾԼռϣֻ¶ҪķѼĹ
Ʒҩƿɲô׵ġûнַֻɻƾԼҪƳɹɹʽ͵һ˷ָĵزԣַҲǱҪġ
ʵϣǼϽַƷҩĳɹʣֹ۵һ룬ֻҲᳬ㡣
ԣ۴κνǶ˵ַ̫һӢ񵤵ĵɻᣬǱġ
ʱ䣬Ӧ㹻ˡ
аš
ַǲģҲǾԵĹ屦۷ʲôУֻ¶׵ѡ񴫳ȥ
δݲо֪֮֮ԷҪǻҲһüͷοֻһֲȱַ
뵽ݼӿٶȡ
ʱɫΡѾǰ̧ͷһ֮󣬾ȥ

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ʹƽ̨ĵ¯ҪǼǵġΪ佣ڡʢʦɻڲֻҪһЩְصӣǿ֪ˡ
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һӣæص
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ֱݵıӰʧ֮Уִڵӵв¶˼Ľ֮ɫԶ뿪ķ򣬸̾洫ӰҲ֪ʲôʱǲܽһ
̾һۣЦҡͷ㲻ٹעְء

ϵɽ壬ԵüΪᳵ·ϾҲ˽һʱ䣬ȻϤһѾ洫ס
ϣӵϰٵ洫ӣȻĿǰΪֹʶģȴֻɻһˡ洫ӣȴǼ¶档
ϣΪٵ洫֮ɻỹҪǿϼֻΪ¶棬ڵɻᡣ


534 ɻŭ
㣬ݵ
佣ڵ洫ӣҪְ𣬱ŬУԼΪһ֮УǿʵһСΨЩ洫ǿˣܱ֤佣һһĴȥ˥ܡ
ͬݣΪ洫֮ƽʱá¡ĸݡÿ춼УУС
ݵ״佣洫ӵ״ʲôԲᣬÿɵԴ·ţ󡭡У
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ʵϣе洫ӶǼ¶ġΣҲٻǰ󲿷ʱ䣬Уϡ
ЩŵŽ꣬пܽвԼһ洫ӵ֡ԭ
Ϊɻ̫ԵҪͨԼĵŻᾭǰɣ
аš
洫ӵľסǰȻȴԼĸоһЩӴϢСԨɲ⡣
佣ڴأʵ󡣽ֻһ˭ܿ϶ûһЩǿ󵽿ɲĴأ
аţҿ˿֮ȴٳɣԳɻľȥ
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Ҫȴ뱩¶ԼϾ¶֮ⲻ˻һЩ͡ݲƭΣȴ˱¶᪻ŵһЩ顣ϾǣͼԲε֪ⵤԼӰӣõѡ
ɲЮͼˡֻҪܰﵽΣԷ֪֪гûݶԣνġ
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ş̌ͷ»һ֮ת߳ɻƽ̨عָ΢һϸ΢ľɫâʱмֱɻľ
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ݿһ֮չΣ֮󣬳ʧɻľǰ

ͬʱ
ƽ̨ʮ֮С
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һ¯ƷҩѾʱˡѾҪĹͷҪȫע񣬴ѵ¯ʱ䣬Ҫһ
Ķ¯һճŵҺ壬רעƬ֮ͻȻһɣ˫һҪ¯
ᣡ
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Ȼһվ˷һʱ䡣Ȼʱ䲻࣬ȴҲ㹻¯֮еĴ𣬽ԭѾѵĵҩȼմ
쵰
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ʲô
ŭ͵ĵͷֳԼĻ̽ȥһɢŵâ塣״ơ
ðź֮ʱһһɸķŭݣ˲

תΣɻᳯŵ֮⣬ٱȥ
ʮŵ֮⣬в˺ڴ˴
⼸ÿձȻݵһĻڴ˵ģǸŵӣ˵ĿģΪ˵ȴɻȻгġ
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ӽʮŵˣڷ׷šһҲżڴ֮ɫ
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ϣǳɹ˰ɣ
Ща
ɻֱӰ𲻴ӦǵɹԷȽϺãԷĳɹȻҲҪࡣ
ʧܣԷȻ鲻ѡǣҲ֮ˡ
飬˷׷ţȴš
䡭
һϸ΢ͻȻȻһԭֺĳ˲䰲˼ͬʱŤͷȥŴʮŵȥ
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ŭյʱ˳ףɽը졣ͬʱʶȻɢ˿ȥɽȫķ档
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ѵһ磿֪ԼȴͻȻܵԼľƷ䣬ﵽԼĿģ
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535 ı
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ֽ֮ϣдһһĽӡԼӡõ⡣
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һĬ֮һҧأŤͷ٣ȴѾûбѡˡҶᵤʧܣѾ᪻ŵ˼Ϊǿȡֻ»ãΣҲҪһԣ£ı
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ɻȻ˵ʲôҲ֣صĵ˵ͷһʱ佫Щһһ֤ġаʱ䣬㾡ռһЩҩһ취֤ⵤٵġ
šε˵ͷٶĿ˼¼̫һӢ񵤵ֽţϵҩȫ֮Žֻ֮ɻᡣ
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ıҲˣҲ֪˭ıĻɻš
εĿ΢΢˸䣬һƬĬ

ʦ֣롣
ͷԾ˸߿աʱֵʱѾϵڸĳڴˡ
Լ׸ִڵӣ˿һ֮æ˵һԣɽš
ݵ˵ͷӻ֮󣬱ǿ粽˳ȥ


536 κм
֮Ȼˣԭռ̼䣬ʮҡ
ЩϰߵĻһֽ̧֮ͷܡ
ǴǰٻţȻʱһƬⰻȻ׳ɽ֮С
Ťͷһɽû±ڣһչΣһ򣬼ȥ

ڶǰκмݿԳƵᳵ·һ·лɣ֮СĽڲδʲôյ£ڵʮİʱ֣ݣѾκм
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һһΣû뵽պùȥӣҪ¸ˡĿ΢漴ȴȻҲãô൤ҩҪҲҪʱ䡣һµĻûԶ׼һЩ
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۱κмĵطǽеƱ͸ߴһƷʯͨˣ¶ȥ
ǣ˵κҾֻС۱һط׬Ǯڡ۱ܱߣмСһĽͬҲκ֮磬󡱣硰áȵȡЩκµƴ󻧡
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롣ŮŤͷһ֮Ŷ롣
СǷյġŻ֮ͨȴΪֻ壬ڷڷĽǣ͵Ĺâ䶼Ϊ
мһӣӺ棬һλǵˡ
ݶ˽˷䣬̧۳ݿһۡ¶Цݵλǿ͹ٰɣ
ݻδ˵ԱߵŮѾЦŵͷšλ͹٣ҪһЩҩ
˵ţŤͷЦ͹٣λҩиչҩҩκϡҪ۵ҩͺ̸ɡ
лݵ˵ͷЦ
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͹Ůߺ˺Ƶĳ˵
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ЦЦ˵˵λΰɡ
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һƷƷҩΪ۸ȻҲ㲻öߡ丨ԵҩҩЧΪ΢С˵ҩ֮⣬ûЧĵҩ۸ȻҲͱ˵ĺܡ
ȻˣҲ˶ġڴǿ߶ԣȻ㲻ϱˡ
ƷϵҩݹЧͬ۸Ҳǲͬκϼ˵˵ҩΪһǧƷʯֱС׶ΪĸҩΪǧƷʯศԵҩݹЧԼ۸񡭡
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˵ҩļ۸ΪһǧƷʯղλȴ㻨һǧİöƷʯö
ѹ˵ҩǳ۱֮ƻȻ鴫š
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Ȼڡ۱ڰ̯Ҳһѡ񣬵Ͼ̫ʱ۱ô˰̯˭֪Լĵҩʲôʱꣿ
ңֱӱ¶ǵ߻֮أʵ̫⵽졣⣬ȻʧȽϴ󣬵ȫȴбϡ
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Ŀ꣬һھĳＯһʽȻƷ񵤡ҪǵλʱڵЧʡˡ
뵽㲻⣬š
ศҩҲǿЧ۸ġ
κϵĻ˵ˡֻ˵Ʒҩȴû˵Ʒϵġ
Ʒϵҩ˭ȥˡ˭
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һֶƷģһƷġ˵
ҿôҲøۡκЦ˵
ݵ˵ͷһЦȻ
˵ţһ֡ʱһЩƿһƬâ֮Уκǰ֮ϡ
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ΪҩСרչҩˣԵҩȻҪһЩ˽ġôйأ
κϿʼ飬һԾȴһҩ㣬ż飬С䡣
Ƭ֮κ̧ͷ
һЦʵ
ƷҩʮöƷ˵ҩʮöƷСΧΪĸҩöһǡκһ֮ʮǧƷʯ
۾һȴǸпѡ
һǰһǧƷʯƳɵҩ֮󣬾Ȼ㷭˽űһ׬˵ã
ʦ
ȻҪݵĳɹʵ̫ˡڽַԼӴ˾̬ʶ֮£Ʒҩĳɹʼﵽ˰˲㵽ŲϣҲ˵ֻҪʱ˯϶ܳɹ
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538 
áݶ۸⡣
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ݵͷκҲףֱӻ֡һƷʯֱӶѷŵԵĵ֮ϡ
ʮһöȭͷСƷʯȫѷһǸʲô
һСɽСʣĵ漸ȫ貵Ĺ򼸺λݵۡ
¶ЦݣҲ˵ֱӻ֣һƬâ˸֮У貵ʯѣʧ
͹ԺҪǻʲôҩ֣ɱСκЦ˵
ȻһЦվˣȸˡ
롣
뿪ˡҩС˽ֵ֮ϡ
ɫȻȻ磬ȴѾַǷŸ죬Ϊǿ֯ﲻ
ȥչһЩƷҩµʱ׼һЩҩʱ񵤣Ҳ༸ְա
ţ߳š۱ȥ
һöƷʯݽˡ۱һ㡣
Ʒҩ׻ݣʮƷʯһ꣬ʣ꣡٣
δ֪Ʒ似նƪͬƷ似ԭ棬ֻ۰˰ʯ

һ֮Уһš
ݻһ֮С
ʱѰ֮н˹ȥ֪䣬Ȼ硣
һĹջ񲻷ơ㹺ʮҩķ˽ǧƷʯ
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йš
һҩȫ˵ҩġʵΪ˵ҩҲ˵Ʒʱ򣬼۸Ҳ˵ҩļ۸˷ʱ侫רѰҩֱӹ˵ĵҩΪʵݡ
оջˣݱǴ뿪
ˡ۱֮ȴδؿ͵ꡣǳһȥʱһ֮ǰ
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󣬸Լ㡣߷ܣɲѡ
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Ϊ˹һֻ¯
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ֻټġڣڷűܡЩ׶ߣʮ׳Ŷ
ÿһܴϵ·ֳУÿһж˸ֱǹìܸꪵףͷսѥȷߡԼͭ¯ȸ
νĿӦоС
ЩȻİڷĶġÿһ棬һâǿµĽơûĿΪˣ򲻿ƿƣȡ߱ġ
⡰󡱵˼࣬ڱǰ֮ϵıЩ˵ʶǼΪޡӲΪǶį鵤
λ͹٣Ҫʲô͵ı
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⡰֮УͼıҲƷʶߣǸԵüΪ䡣
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ĿɨϵıЦ
¯ôʿ͹Ҫʲôĵ¯۾һѯʡ
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Ŷֱʲôλأ
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ˣƷƷĲۣδҲ̫˰ɣü
ƷƲϱѵò˵¯ڵ̵󷨣ܹ̳ͨġҪǿߺķѴԪʶҶƷ¯ǿ߲ࡣ۸ȻҪƷĸˡĵĽ͡
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һۿȥӦһҵ
֮Ѿһ˿ʱ䡱Ϊ񡣸Ӧһָ֮һУϷһЩֲԲѯʵʯ
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һһѯ¯ļ۸񡣴һൽϵģֻҡ
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ˣܲһЩݸоԼΪϲǡ춦ʽ
Բ͹١¶һ˿ΣСֻǸغͳۣûʸ۸񡣡
Ե˵ͷȷҲ쾳ҵΪκ֮УҲֻСϺһֻʸ˼۸
ԥһ֮ҧҧãҾ͹ֻ춦ɡ
Ҳ˰ˣò˼׬ʮʱ䣬Ӧ㹻ٴʮƷʯǡţҶ౦ȷǿɹءˣҲ㡣
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Ȼκҵĵӣڼеλȴǲߡ⡰֮еĻκҵĹ涨˭ҪȥˣǿԸƷֵɵġ
⡰һ֮УΪģǵ¯ˡôһ¯ɣԴﵽʮϰƷʯܲأ
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šȥʱһСɵĽ˳
ͨɫĹԼĪֱһЩĪ·
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539 
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߹ŽԲ֮ϵĲɫһáֻ࣡һ죬ԲĽƣʱʧ
͹
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šݵ˵ͷһҪһ֡
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ڷһ˲䣬۲ĲʱʧӰ١
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ⶦʮ󣬱֮Ʒڵ󷨻Ҫࡣֵֻǣϳ󷨣ֻоʮŵ󷨣ȴݲʶġ֪书ЧΪΡ
ʱҲûϸϸ׷ǽ֮ڡ
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ݶߵ˵ͷâǡ֡ʧУת˳ȥ
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ţâһһԲ
ǡ֡
еˮϵȻȴҪܣûȻ޷Ƶġ
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Щ֡ɲͨĻ档쾳۶Ļ
һлԹĴ쾳ǿߣʹĳͿֱӴӴ쾳֮У۳֮ӡĳ֮Уγ˻֡ϵǿҪʱֻҪӡ⿪֣ͻͷųγɻ档
ȻȻл棬ȻҪȼϡֻȼϣߵԪʶΪ㡣
ۻַȴǼΪһЩյġһ۵Ļһ󣬾пֱӱճɻҽҶط֮٣ʶ⡰֡ļ۸ҲǼΪ߰ʮҪһǧƷʯ
ܳɹ񵤣ͳ÷лϵɡҪĻ̫鷳ˡ
аš
һ޳ꡱҲͱ־ſ޳ˡַͨǺ֪ġеĿƷĹȻ꾡зĹ
һӵзͿвͬĹˡÿһѳȥ֮󣬶൱һֻҪ֮вһ㱾ϵĹҲǿԵġ壬ֹҲ໥ͻ
ǡꡱ㹻ǿԷֳʲôѧѧħѧѧʲôԡ
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ԣлϵѾճˡ
Ƭ̣ݽԺ֮ҵͷʱ׿Ŀһ⣬ǡ춦档
ҪȣҪȽⵤ¯һЩܣ͸ˡ


540 춦
ݵʶ뵽һĪĿռ֮С
ռ伫ΪտټĿռʮ󷨡ۣγ˴СȺ͵İ׹˸γɵǳȥΪء
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Ⱥİ׹˸ͬǾʮŵɵСȺȴû˿Ĺ󣬿ȥΪ
ʮŵ󷨣ʲôأ
ݿСȺЩ档
⡰춦ѾΪڡ顱İ£Ѿȫ˽⡰춦ʹáֵǣǡ顱֮УҲδʮŵ󷨾ʲôá
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ڡ顱İ£ݶЩ󷨵ãѾء
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ݿһ֮¶Цݡ
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˪ֻƷʮд󲿷ǹȴľ󡣡\ʼסƷʮ󷨡ǣķ󷨣ȴҲֻʮиģǷ󷨡ַ㲻̫ǿ
⡰춦˵Ҫд󲿷ֶӵкüֹܵġܣ۴һ˵ҪеҪǿһЩ
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ֻâһʱһĹ󣬶ʱ֮ϣ˵¯֮ڡ

һ죬ǶʱϡһԵ¯֮ϵ߸С֮У˳
ݵһƣʱ¯֮еĻȼ
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ݵ΢Եò԰ףһεκϡؽסľѾ򿪣ŨԪΪԲģڡƵ֮ϣиΪԪͣƳ뵤¯
֡ԪΪȼϣһ˿һҲֲܳһ¯ҩ̼Ҫɻ
ҧţһʹ¯֮ĵ¯̶ʵҺеĹƷԪ񾫴򣬹ƷĻ»Լ
ȻΪǴԪΪȼʹõԭеǻԹֱԷ֮𡱣ôԶġƷԹɵļˡ
ߵĽ󲿷ʧֻʣʮѡĿһ˲˲Ķŵ¯˿и
ͻȻĿһʱȻû뵤¯֮Сһֻ͵һӣǶʱ򿪣һѤĹâʱԵ¯֮ҫߵһζҩ֮Ȼһǵ¯֮Сǡһײ𣬶ȵĸϡ
һζҩˡеԪٶȼӴ˼֣ɫ԰˼֣Ϻ飬¡
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һֻҲͬʱðɫûǵ¯֮Уɢ˿˿æһ֣Ƕʱݡһһ⻪ֱ˸˳һҩ㣬Ҳ̼䣡
ˡ
ݲ԰׵ɫ֮У¶һ˿ϲɫ
æһ֣âһһƿʱ֡һ֣ĵҩʱһǣ˹ûƿ֮С
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ҩĳɫܺã˿ѷɫ¯Ƴġ
һ֮Ÿƿâ֮˴Сֻü˸һɫâʱ¯档ֻǵ¯һתȻСûü֮С
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ӵһöǧöҩԡ
һ˵ûаٷ֮ٵİգû˻ôġϾĳɹ̫һЩһͶôҩһʧأʧɾЩˡ
нַԼӴ嫵ʶܣɹʸߵľˡԪǿҲһǿĳ̶ȣƶ˵Ҳʲôˡ
뵽һתߵ˴ߡ
Ȼָһ˵ɡû¯ȻĻ棬ԪΪȼϣȻľ˰
ݲһϵĺˮϥ˴ϡ˫ۣһɫâʱӿ˳ؽסڵԪʱ壬ӿ˹


541 ʱ䵽
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죬Ѿκмĵʮˡںʮһ⡰ҩСΣһֻʮöÿһζƷҩʮöҡκϼΪϤ
ƵѶȣȻҪһһöҩࡣԪʶ嫣ټĽַվȡ˳ɹ
ȻҲûʧڵƵʱʧˡΪһһʮö
һƵԽ࣬Խ׳ֱʡһԶʮö¾ѾµļޡԣһΣֻ˶ʮö
ʮöҩ͵ڶǧƷʯ˵ʧһ˷ǧ࣬ݵҲʧܵ
ˡСվˡ۱ʼĲɹһɹ˶ǧƷʯƶʮöҩҩ֮뿪ˡ۱ؾƹݡ
¹Ȼֳöˡ߽ķ治֪ĺö˭ó
ǶеɢްɣǴǲ۵ġ
ţп߽ܰķгۣǿƷʯĶֻµʱļ۸ҪΪ˰
ϢѾȥˣ죬κмҪӿˡֻ±ϸµĳ滹Ҫ󡭡
߽ƹݣ˵ݵע⡣
ɫһͣ˽ŲȻһû˵λãȥ
߽ķһƷķߡҲǼֵǧǧ
κмÿһεᣬ϶ö˵׵һһȵĴᣬ־ŽƷı
٣Ҫôʯͺˡ
ޣˡЩֻдʸ׷㣿ôʯܱ֤֮󲻱ô
ⲻֻ˵˵

ߵȴü
Щ˺֪ҪʲôҾͲ֪أ
ţһѾλԣк޹ӣҪʲô
¥Ѿסʮ죬ЩҲ󶼶ΪϤˡ
վɰɡݳ˼ţ˵
֡߻صһҪ뿪
һ¡ͻȻס
ôˣߺعͷ
̧ͷΧһ֮ѯʵΧ˶̸µ׵ᡭô֪ʱʲô
޹Ӳ֪ôֵգһ۾۱¥ǰʾ˰ÿµʮ죬ͻʾµϻһЩʲôֶдˡѾΪκмĴͳˡ
ôŻȻѹֽڡ۱ڷ˲˳¥ԭôһԭ
ȫдô̧ͷѯʡ
ҡҡͷǴֶдˡΪϾһ²ŹȥʮʮҲ᲻ģֵ֮ƷͲٹˡƷϵıǾһϡ
ţӹһ˿ɻ󣬵漴ͨеԵɣȻԭˡ
㲢⣬ƷĶͺ٣һֻҪһΪѹͿˡǰһƷҶǳȥġֵڶ߽׵ıôܿĳļ۸Ͳôߡ
ڶרȤǿߣ۸ȻҪϲ١
ɻ󲿷ֶ֮ŵͷлˡУȥ׼ɡ
֡һЦת뿪
߽ķȷǱ߽׵ҩҪġϾҩ˾ûˣķȴǿԴȥġ߽ķĺ̶ȣҲͲö˵ˡһΣ˵ĻƷʯĴ֮һüͷЩǵ֪ûأ
һһȵᣬֵĶǺöƷƷҩֻǸպӵĵʸˡû̸񵤣Ϊ󲿷˵۹ⶼͶӵ˵ǼƷȥˡרΪݣ˭ע
ЩƬ֮ȴݺݵҡҡͷˣǰഢһЩʱ񵤣Ӧûֵġ
Թһ㶫֮ݻصԼķ䣬춦еҩٻ˳ֳ֡֡׼ҩ
ʱ䣬Ȼš֪֮УѾֹ졣
ȥСǰƵĵҩ֣ǧƷʯݾˡ۱¥ȥ
Ȼڡ¥ڵĵطͿһټĺɫʾһƶģ֮ϡдණ
ȻһеһǰЩʱھ¥߽ķ
ֻдһ߽ķʲôϵʲô֣ȴûд
ڶǼͬھ¥̸߼ķߡ߽ķһֻд˸Ʒףûд幦ЧԼơ
һƷ˵ҩƶɢ

Ʒ˵ҩֵȻȲ˵ҩֵҲԲ͡ϾߵȻ꣬ͬҲǷǳҪġУЭԺܸ߾Ͳ˵ˣǿȣͲһġԣ˵ҩû˵ҩ۸ߣҲԲˡ
⡰ƶɢ˵ֵֻ¾Ҫҡ
ȻҪѰ񵤡ֻеõ񵤣ڶʱͻ퐈䣬µĲȥõ֮ƷµκεҩȻɹʿ϶ǴƷҩǰֲϾ˲ôǸʱ˵ǲԴҲΪ档
Ŀɨãڣ۾һڸʾ·뿴ġ
񵤣
ݳ³һʾʲô߽ķʲôƷУͨͨȲ·һССƷҩ
¶һЦݣ˲١
׬ǮһҪֲ֮У
ţת¥ȥʼ˽Ĳɹ

ʱ䣬Ȼš֪֮䣬ʮʱ䣬˹ȥ
ʮʱǰȥҩСΣ׬ǧƷʯټǰģ㻹жʮ࣡
޷һ֮ǰϾֻһƷʯˡ̶̵һʱĲƸ㷭˶ʮ౶
⣬ǽֲĸ߳ɹʣĿֲ
ֲֿΪһϵ
ˣ񵤣һҪõ
ģݱǴ붨˹µƣһҹ֮УѾɢһա۾˸âŶ񵤵ıص֮ģڳһ֮𣬻һŶȥ


542 ǿ
յκмΪ֣Ȼʱ仹磬ʱֵѾˡƽʱκм߱չڸ¥֮Ǳ޵ˣѾˡ
Ҳֲ徿˭ֻоһݶԼҪ궼ѹ˵Ӵʶʱɨݵݶʱ΢΢һ֣üͷֱ
߽ķģ佣ڣ߽ϵķΪһΣֻ˲ǿߡ
ͷ֮࣬ȴҲԸпҲ̶ʱ䡣½֮ϣʵ㲻ʲôֻøŬва
ţĿӹȺš۱ſڡ
ʱ۱ſڣд˲ͣӿ롣ǴЩ˵֪ǵ֮ǻŻ̬Įǹ¡ŹŹ֣ݣСһⶼӵɲʵ˲Ŀ׷ס
֮Уʱʱзֱӷ¡ÿЩ˵ֵϵ˶óλãԱ¶Ľηɫò硣
ǵһμֳ棬Ȼк档ȻЩΧߵУЩѾ˾ռߣȻǵ顣
Żɫ۵꣬Ǭ֮һ֮ˣΪƣҼСĶӰȻֻҵһ˵ΪȴѾﵽ˵صǿȣǿһǿ棡
ݶߴߵ͵͵֮˵ƣһոƿնǿߡĿ࣬ģʣһɷ·Ҫض˺ѵӴһأǹâɵĽɫʱɢȥһ˫â˸˫ӹһ֮󣬱ǰͦأɫĮš۱ȥһϳ֮˾ȵۡ
쿴쿴ϱǿ֮һһŵ˵ˣǣǱƻӵĻݰ
ǣһĹŵӻ𣿣ΪҲѾﵽĳ̶ȣǿ뷽ƿ֮Ů
ǰŸս롰۱֮УǴһĻ㡣ζ˾Ϊ֮һ𣬶󣬱Ϳ컨꣬ٻӰƿնڵ֮ſľǼǧĵˡλˣһ˲˵Ŀ⡣
ֻ磬һɫٲĳɢӳѩɣƵİ𪼡γһ־Ķǵһ¶֮⣬ɼѪܡ⻬Ķͷ֮䣬һɰΪƽֹʡңȴһˮһ顣
Ȼ¾ɫ˵ĿⶼǳˡһЩߣ¿ˮ
ȻĿҲӹһۣΧ˵Ļһ㣬£һЦһ˲ķ飬˴ľʬ⡣󣬴ͬǧĵļλͬ飬ˡ۱֮Уһλͬǡ۱ƷʯȻҲûعֱǶѾߵԶˣѾȫʧˡ۱ǰعʧһȻһ̾
Ů˼£Ѿáˮˡ
һĸ֮һΪﵽڡ
ּҵĺ֮㣬Ϊﵽڡ
ǡ
ͣȺУỹһʱſʼҲżȽȥʱʱһЩ֮ӣʵ۽硣ԽԽоһĲ㡣
˲űУݣʲô㡣
ȻⲢĴϾΪʱˡʱ䣬һ޸꣬е񼴽̤ߣʲôԱģЩ֮㣬˵Ǻ𣬵ǵǱֻ̬Ҫ֮ڣֻһ
˼İֻ꣬ꡣȻ˼һвٵĲֻ࣬Ҫͬʱ䣬аձȴҪǿǿĶ࣡
ף쿴Ǵ󻪹Ĵ֮һڵһòǴ󻪹Ĵ֮һ꣬Ǳ֮κһҪǿƵû뵽һεᣬȻǾô
ʱٶƮһӰһϮۣȻȥʮˣ˫ǴЦʵȲ˿еġò
ҿܣ߽ķȻĴ̶ֳȵ˵ȴпޡϾǵĵ̫ˡʮ׹ĻпܡҿòǸպ·Ϣ˳İɣ
ʮķΪκмħǣ߽ܳķײˡ
ûû
Χ̸۵ˣֶ˷ġ
ڣңɺܶࡣǣгȴǺ١κ˵еʱ䣬ʵֻ꣬оǧҡǡųơꡣ
ǣ󻪹Ĵɣǿʵʵ괫СΪġˡжһǧֱ̼꣬ƿ¡߽ķȻģרŲԶĸ
佣ڣһξû˹
佣ڶû˹Զڣ͸ר˹ˡ
ȻǿҲǿֵ֮ġﷶΧ֮ڣ󻪹Ĵɣǵ֮ǿΣκңżִг꣬ӽҡٴ֮ΧСҡңҡԼΧ޹ңּҡȵȡ
˵һɻңһ㶼ǴеԽԶʵԽǿ֮⣬֮ϣдгʮӴ壡ǲŽľްԣĵ̣νƣǵ֮˿󡭡
ʱ䲻ˣȥɡ
˼̧֮ͷ˿ɫ̫ѾԾɽš۱ȥ
ʯ¥
һ¥̶ֳȣɱһҪֵĶࡣ᳡֮⣬вٵ֯ŮĴ£ᡣ
ӣĻǾģ
ݾߵ˹̨ǰһŮæվѯʵ
й𣿡ݾʵ
˼ӣеĹᶼѾȥˡŮǸ˵
ͷ΢̾ȻѾˡ
Ҫһλáݵ˵ͷ˵
߽ķܶģԤϵ϶ˡ
õĹӡΪԱ̫࣬ޣ˽λҲҪƷʯŮ˵
٣һ£ƽʱļ۸ˡ
־ڱصãƷʯҲûа취
پͶٰɡţֱӻ֣˶Ʒʯڹ̨ϡ
ľơŮҲ໰ʯֱӵݸһӣĺ1009ţλڴߵһ鷳Լȥˣ涼дк롣Ů˼˵
ʵ̫æֲȥλá


543 
ݵҲûǿ󣬵˵ͷ֮žƣŴȥŮֿʼˡ
Ϊտʮݡ̨λ飬ǧˡ֮ڶΪӡ
ϸһһǡ߽ķỨ˭ҡ
߽䣬ϸһڷԼ1009ŵλ˹ȥ
֮ҿ˿ȴεķ֣ߵģÿһ˵겨ɲ⣬ԼҲǿߡֻİˡ
ֻҪõ񵤣ɹҵʵʱͻһԾһߡͷţ󣬳³һ
жʮƷʯ˵ѾԹˡǵյⳡ֮ȴֲ
ҪЩӴǿɢޣҲ񵤣ô˵һ˿֮ûС
ֻϣ񵤣ǵ۰ɡ
ֻĿЦţ۾ȴ
ʱĺܿ죬ֹȥһʱ䣬Ѿȫһһȵᣬ߽ķ֮⣬ƽʱѵһıǳȻͼࡣԱֳİ
ĿеݸӦΧΧı仯۾ſ̨֮ϣѾĄ̊́ǳˡ
Ǻǣλõˡӭλǰκмᣬκ࣬Ϊ˴ˡ
̨ݲİһᣬҲλΪκࡱֵġܴ󣬵ڶȴΪֶ͡βôҲĵһ㡣
ϻҲ˵ϱĵһ΢΢һ٣һۣЦ߽ķ
ݵĿʱһ漴ȴֻȻ˹
߽ķⳡ򡣲˶ר̳ġ󣬵ǰľƷĳ߼ۣ罫֮ڵһλŴҶӵ㹻ʽģĳ߼ۡͬģȺٳʲô֮ûоĵ߽ķˣҲԷĴ󵨵ĺۡһԱ֤еƷĳһԸߵļǮ
ȻκҵһֶΣʶ߽ķģ˶ûио⡣
֪ʲôϵķһŵĹΧ۷׷ףȻ߽ķǺ档
κಢδ˵ȴ̫ãֱƿǰ̨ϵĺɫСʱһ߲ʹâֵĹž˵֮С
߽ķһΪһǿߣĳؾ֮Уһŵõһ伮֤ķԸոճҴ˾ΪԭޱݣҿɷľġļۣһǧƷʯÿμӼ۲õʮ򣡡
κ࿪ڽܡ
Ƿ𣬻ϵ
˻ƴԪ嫶ơϵƻ˶ķǷŻϵԲ֮ǿֻ˿ѷɫѰİ˽ķ
ӣҪĳһˣ
ʱڶȻҶʶеĲ
һ˵йǵŹСǣһЩţȴܹں˼ƵĹƴӣܣֱԴﵽ޷ľء
ⷬܣĶѡ
ȻеˮԴĵҲ߽ķκˮԴĵĳǹԪ嫶ȣڹܽ϶ࡣˣ䡣۱ʵ޷𣬻ԵĹᲢ۵ġǸ㹻ʱȥƣԵ˵ַһһĵӡ
ֻҪõ񵤣֮󣬾ͿԸˮԴĵ֮еġ֮Ʒʱ򣬷Ϳϵķˡܹõôֱ޷󡣹һ㣬ͿԽʡʯˡ

ݿ̨ϵķε̾һļ۾һǧƷʯһҳֽʸûСݿЦ
жʮƷʯ֮ǰΪ⣬оԼ׬ǮȽ֪ʵЩˡϱеˣҪĶˡ
뵽εҡҡͷĵȴҲЩ棬һԳڵ߽ķټǮ
κ΢Цվ̨ϣ˵֮󣬵´һɧȴû˳ۡͬһֱӱ⡰ۡһļۣ͸ˡ
Ȼ˶רΪķģмȻǲܵġ
һǧ򡣡ĬƬ֮󣬴ϱߣһ˻Ƶ˶ɵĳŴĵطȥĶһλżΪͨӡеӣ۾ѪЩˡӣķʮġ
˶ǾԲʸķġΪĴ󲿷ˣǳġЩ˵ıһӵӴĲΪ֧ţ
ǧ򡣡
Ȼ˵£һڴɣȴֱӼǧˣڣǳ̾һ˱ˣҪ˵ġ
ǧؿ˳۵ǧ򡣻ˡκ΢Ц˵š
ǧ򡣡ȻĻδ˵꣬һĮֱӼӵ˰ǧ
κһüһЦǧؿ˳۵ǧ򡣻˼ô
ǧ򡣡һ
ǧ򡭡
һڣ

һһǧ򣡡
һǧ򣡡

ڼ˶һľʵʳĸо
ƷʯһɵãȻƷʯǿУȻصʯͷһ㲻ֵǮ۸ڣ˿Ƽ
һǧ򣡡
һڰǧ򣡡
ǧ򣡡
ͻȻ˺һڰǧʱһһֱ˰ǧü۸ֱǧ
˻ЩζƷʯʲôʯͷôǧ⡭
˶һݣĿЦ˳ЩӵӴıЩ˵ڶƷʯ»㲻ʲôɣ
˵Ҳ佣ڵ洫ӣҪ˵ȥҲûЩԲ㲻ûҪһ㡣
εǣʦһֱ涼δ洫ӦеĸȨֻһˡ
ңΪҲʵ̫һЩʶŻһֹҵЩˣݷ·ҪĴʵϣȴǲȻ
ֻҪŬУΪﵽһ̶֮佣ڽ֮ˡôЩˣǰҲ㲻ʲôˡ
佣ڣ󻪹Ĵ֮һĺ洫ӣݺεԺգŵ˵κмܱߣûиҶ


544 ˭
ȻҲһеǰᣬ㹻ǿ
磬һжʵ˵ġٸߵݣֻǸơ
뵽³һ󣬼ȴš
ǧۣʵס˲ˡǴ˱סˡҲвٶסˡ
ϾƷʯҲǷ紵ġȻԼĿΪһ߽ķֵֵȥд֡
ǧ򣬼ѾⱾ߽ķļֵˡ
ֳһƬ
ؿ˳۵ǧ򡣻бȶǧ𣿡κȻһ΢Цû𣿶ǧһΡǧΡǧ򡭡
ǧ򡣡
ʱһͻȻֱӼӼۣһǧ
һУŶǧļ۸أƵüͷʱ΢΢һ塣Ŀ֮ҡҡͷǧ۸񡣳λΪôһ߽ķǲֵˡ
ǧһ򡣡
˻Ϊǧ۾̾ѵʱһӼһ򡭡
һļӼ֮ǰƵ˲١Ҫ֪Ԥ߽ķļֵҲǶǧҰˡλÿһ㣬ǾʵʵˡľⱾķڹеļֵмˡ
һƷʯɲһС֡ѾԹһͨƷˣ
ǧһʮ򡣡
һӼۣѾԶһʼǰˡ̽ţԷĵ߾ʲôط
۵ֱӴӴ֮дģ˵λŮǷֲʶû֪˭ںۡȻҲû֪񣬾мھġԼ
С㣬ټȥѾԶгλֵˡ
ĳУݵüͷ΢΢šѾǧһˣȻ˼Ӽۣ΢΢һüͷ׼ӼۣһͬòŮӣȴڴʱ˵
΢΢һ¶һ˿εĿЦأ֪һֻǧꡣ۵̣۸Χڶ֮УСġڣȻҲһЩƷ׵ķϵ߽ķȴûСڻϵ츳ĵӣе죬дֻ÷תϵʹǵܵ˼Đ䣬ŵʵһֱԵõһ
΢΢һ£˵ħǣȻʱиƷķоǼңǵĵ̣޷ᡣ
һΣκмò׳ôһƷĻϵķܷ
һĬ
β֪ټȥԶгֵһ˵⣬ȴǵõһŸƷϵķľѻᡣ˵΢΢һ٣͸޴ˮӹȻĴӹһ˿ǣţλҲѾ˲˵ˡ
˵꣬һ΢΢üǳĬȥأ󻺻ڵǧ򡭡
ǧ򣿣ֱӼ˰˰ʮƷʯģ˭ѵ֪ķгֵҲڶǧ𣿡
ˣķˣ
ǧôһʲƸѾ֧һСɽһĿ֧ˣ
Ȼ֮ٶڴ֮
ҲǸпѡ
ȻղŽмһλбص֮ˡԶֵҲҪá
ǧ򣿷ô
ĳңּһ֮һһڲˮɴ۾Ȼ˸żŭ
һֻ˶ǧ߰ʯ
һһں֮еˣ˻˵š֮У˿顣
껽ҧҧ¶ʣּûлϵƷķѾﵽ۷壬ֻҪõķʱͿͻƣǡ
ȻһҲ飬˭ߣȴ򲻵ȻˡǾֻһЩѵֶˡĿӹһ˿ɱһ˿ɫӹ۵ס
Ϣ䣬˺ڰ֮Уʧ
Ƿ񡣡
һңǡ·κмòһľģҲ̲סҡҡͷһƷķȻĵۡӣӦò˼Ӽˡš
һҡ
ˣиԤҲֻжǧ㡣

绨룬ǧв뾺ߵĵߡһᶼû˳ˡ
ϲλؿˣԶǧƷʯļ۸񣬹Ȿ߽׷𣬻˫ϵ󣬻йԱؼİκϴżֲõЦݣ˵Ȼ߽ķļλ⡣
ĵƷ˶ǮжҪȡеİٷ֮һΪӶġҲǶʮƷʯ
ΪˣֿԵõٷ֮һɣҲǣǧƷʯԣҲһʴˡ
ϵڶƷ
ԱйԱʢ̴ȥ̨һˣһ̡
ᣬɵļȥ
Ʒ֮ͳһ͵СҵˣšˣԳԼλƣֱǰǰ̨ʱԻ˽֮׳
һȻ˾˿͵˽ˡ
һƷۣ̼Ļ᳡ֵƷеҩװйķÿһĳļ۸񡣹ȻκҵĲ൱ȷġ
ежεʱһС߳ƷʥҩȻԶԶȲϵһĶǧȴҲĳ˶ǧһۡͬҲǱĳλشߡ
ӣǱڶƷߣҪΪѹ֮ˡ
֮УвٶݼΪĶ˵ߣκΣĿ񵤡񵤵֮ǰǲֵġһͲôǧƷʯʧָۣ֮˭ȥ
ĵĵȴšΪǱȻֵġ
ʱ䣬šһʱȥᣬѾټƷˡ
һƷһƷ֮κȻ΢Ц˵š߳λĸỤ̊ƷԵҩһ
仰ݻȻֱ壬۾ĳ̨Ͽȥ
Ʒҩ񵤣һָҩλкӵܣͣڵ۷ĳ̶ȣ޷ôɴԷɹĿԣǺǣ磬ԽͣΪԽߣĳɾҲԽһ㣬ز˵Ҳ֮⣬񵤻꣬ϹЧöҩļֵ˵λҲˡκ΢ЦŽ񵤵ļֵ


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ͷһô˵ԼҪȡһµġ
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ǴȻҲŹġʵϸռߣͷЩġκǿߵȷǼˣ沢ûʲôϹħĲл꣬ŸҴġ
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547 ֮
Ӧһ½ƣĵ˵ͷȻתߵߣϥȥ
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ãģҿҲʼˡ׶ɫ

ʱ䣬Ȼڻš죬죬ʮ졭
ݵķУһ˵ľɫ˸ݣϸһǴġͨȡŨͣӿĿڱ֮СȻִӿһһŨɫԪһ졣
ݵʶ֮Уʶ֮ϾĽɫ籩ȻڳšϸĻԷ֡Ǳͺ嫵ʶ֮Ѿһ˿
չϷ籩ģ֮飬Ѿһͨ˸ŽĹ˶˶ȥȭͷСɫ幹ɣԵ쳣·ںĺΧ籩һӿΣһּΪȴٶȣıš
ڷ籩ϿգǺڶȻڡһۿȥǺڶ쳣·˿ռ䣬ͨһΪ֪֮ء
һУɵĽš

ݱչأʱ
κм֮⡣
ɽ֮ɽư磬ɽӣƺƵ
Ǵ󻪹롰ںĽ֮أеκһ˵صյĸߴľ·С˵һ˻ġ
ʵأǴ󻪹ںʱʱ̣̿һЩ˴Щ˻ǽ»ڡεӰֻȲ֮һ֪ͨˡ
ֻΪڴСڡ֮Ƶġ᪻šɽڣ


549 
᪻šɽŲ佣һĳ֮УѰ֮˾ߵǰҲ޷ɽš෴ǸߴʮɣʯƳɵľ޴ɽţԶĵطĿ
ɽ֮ǰһƽͬԾ޴ʯ̾͵ĳĵ·ľ֮أȴżرζ
᪻ɽɽ֮Уʮ塣ÿһ壬һŽṹ佣м֮
Ů壬᪻ʮ֮һǧɣԶԶȥһȻŮס
Ůķ嶥Ů᪻Ÿ֮һġʥŮġŮ
ʦҲŶʮ겻ɣȻѾʼˡɹʦǴؾ֮йĽܡԤʥŮ֮λ˰ɣ
ŮǰмŮӣ໥̸šЩŮͳһķΣ㶼ʮòݣǧ
ǸְءŮ塱ĵǡΪŶڵҵΪ
šʦȷԳ֮Ϊƣǧ궼ѵһĸ欣Ůӵ˵ͷ
ΪԤʥŮ֮Ȩ᪻ŵʥ֮УõȱǵĴСʣֻ½Ȼᾪ˵Ŀ찡һԲĽСʿ˵ŮмĽ
ǰҲ֪Ρ񡯣ö೤ʱأϴͻƵʱ򣬿ʮ췱һͻƣ侳޽ӽ쾳ˡȻʦ㻹ҪءĿǰеʥŮӵӣҲֻǡŮ塯ʦ뻪ʦлʥŮˡֻʦĻһЩɣһŮ˵
ţҲôΪġһ˵Ůӵ˵ͷȻŤͷһۡŮ塱ȴֳһ˿ǣ񡯿ɲסȻʦС񵤡롮İ񵤡ݣϾҪͨǳĥѡɹ˵Щʦ˵ǳĥѿǷǳ˵ء
ţҲ˵ءԲŮæ˵ͷϸֳֺµɫ˵Ҫһ˵Ŀռ䣬ȫͬһаꡣһ񣬾пܱˡ˵ϣкüʦʦ㣬Щаˡ
һԲŮ˵༸Ůӵ϶¶˼ֺµɫ·֮£˶ƽȵġ˻ŮˡǵȻȲϡʦ㡱롰ʦ㡱ô˵Ҳǰ֮ͻƵ᪻ŵ洫ӣȻҲǲġֻҪʲô⣬֮󣬼Ҫϡ֮·ҲҪһĥѵġ
̸۵⣬ŮӶЩĬȻڵԼԺĥѡҪǲұеаȥǿɵ֮ˡ
գգա
ʱһĽŲͻȻڵδŮӶǻع̧ͷĵطȥ
һٻӰĴɽ½
һʼΪصŮӡһ׹ɴļе̬͸¶һ˵ĳˡ
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ƽĶͷ֮ϣһͬһɰӡǣΪƽ˼Ϣ
ƶ֮ϵŮ˲ӡ
ŮǰļŮӣȻʶŮһŮӣһæվΣͬʱ
ʦ㡭
ŮͬʱĻ
صŮӿŮǰͣ˲ӡ̬ˡ
ɴŵ֮ϣ¶һ˿ǳЦ
һЦųůһ㡣㱻ǰɴסòŮӵĿ⻹Ȼһ󣬾΢΢ͷȥ·һЦ֮дһ㡣
Ȼĵ˵ͷſڡ
Ǽλְô
֮У·ĳħ˸о綼һ̰һ㣬˵ģ˲ƽ
Ůӵ嶼һУ˼ã
ãƬ֮󣬷Ž¡ǲŻعæǵģʦ㡣
΢΢һ£ɴµĴǷ·΢΢һ£΢΢ףȻ󻷹һ֮ѯʵʦѾʼô
ǵġʦڱչءԲŮæص
Ů΢΢ü׺Цţλüְذɡˡ˵ţƣ߽ˡŮС
ŮֱĿͶԷıӰʧ֮ͬʱ³һ
ԲŮӵдżĽݣʦų᪻ŵĵһŮŰɴӵ˶˵ɴȡĻ治֪Ҫߵ˶ɫпʣò᪻ţҲֻīʦ㣬֮ȼˡ
˵ȻʧҡҡͷͬΪŮӣͬΪ᪻ŵĵӣЩ֮Ů֮Ĳ࣬δҲ̫һЩ˵ʣһЩĽȴⲻ˵ġ
༸ŮԶȻ̾ϡ䣬ü֮У˼㽡
ҪǣԼò˳ڣǸöð

ŮڵĹߣཻ⣬ҪࡣĲһĴݶšɫɴŵտУһ˫Ȼ˵ʱȴżֵâ
â֮ǰůŮԵüΪ롣ȴһֶ˵
ΪŮӣ·һһЦһϲһŭӵһмܵȻȻ֮
ĮУռ䣬ֻŲաϸ΢졣
ڣˡŮһŻ֮ǰ
Żţâ˸ȻӵżΪ˵Ľơſ֮ϣһССƣдšչҡ֡
Ŀšչҡ֮Уȴ˸⼸ֵĮĹ
񡭡ʦãȻƣ̶ʱ䣬㾹Ȼʹһ쾳ֱӽֵزУʵģţҲֻǼ˰ɣ
Ŀ⵭Įż⡣˿û֮ǰŮʱº֮ɫĿˡչҡһۣȴǵͷ
иָ֮ϣͻȻ˸һɫĹâݼšУһСɵƿ
ƿ֮Ϲâ˸ȻӵмǿĽơͷῴһеĴƿֺȻᵯ
ӡ䣬գۼѾɣһɫ˿ʱϡ漴ô˱չҵŻ֮ϡ
ᡱ
ƹ⻪ڽӴǹ˿֮󣬶ʱɢվǰƬ֮Ŷ롣


550 
չҡ̫˵ȽСһţȿһ߲ʵĹâ󣬻ͿһϥӰ
һϮīɫȹ߲ʹâԡ
ϥΣһŮӡ
Ůپ˫յ֮ϣܣһ߲ѣû⻷֮ػСĽ룬ûо붨е
ڴ˵ĻһϳŮǵ뿪춼ڴŮӡҲī֮УµŮӡī
Ŀ⾲Ŀ붨еīʱīǰû̫ı仯һҪ˵Уôü֮һ˿ɬ֮Ѿʧȡ֮ģһֳ
ݿʱϵ޷òһֱŤ֮еĸоʱøӵǿһۿ֮ȴ·޷ģʵĺܡ
Ȼʶ㹻ǿĻܹоĳŮòʣϳˡ˿ȻѷɫпܻҪʤһ
˱Ťĸоеʧ˵ĻôǸʱһֵߵ
ԭأĿ⵭ĮĿ붨еī֮Уȴ޵ӹһ˿⡣
īɽ֮ǰ᪻źĵһˣͬʱҲϣԤʥŮΪʥŮˡ
᪻ʥŮ᪻Уӵż¡صȨġ˵Щµ̫ϳ֮⣬ʥŮݵλƽ൱ơλȨء
𣬰ţѡʥŮӵӣΪֹѾʮꡣΪʥŮλãļڱûһЩŬ˵һЩвλġӵӡʧȵȡ
һж˳ġֱʮǰ
ʮǰʦɽһʮ꣬Ϊ಻쾳صСŮȻ֪ŮӦʦѡġӵӡʱûע⡣
ҲʱҲʮ꣬һǰҲʮʱѾɹĽ졣ʣǷ᪻ڣҲŽǰסȻһֵԭ᪻ŸķԴȴ˶Ĩɱʡ˵һ䣬𣬿ɳ֮Ϊ֮Ů
ԣһ֮ŮôܻĹעһոţʮ꣬ΪҲصŮõƣӲŮգᶯҡԼĵλ
һ֡뵽˷ŮЩŮǵۡЩŮӿϣһΪԤʥŮնʥŮ֮λģѾ𣬶ǣΪīŮˡ
īĿīޱ顣
ѽīжд̡ȴҲòϡԼī֮Ϊ֮ŮĻôʣī谮һ
ӵбԼΪ˵òΪ⶯˵òʦΪ˱ʱò鷳ϧԼǧƷǧѴҪ֪ǧѣƷ֮УҲΪ۷һ֣ʦ𣬾˾īԼѵʦѵͲԼ֮ʱòˣ
òľġ츳
ŵʱֻǺ쾳ذˡ˭ڶ̶̲ʮʱ䣬Ȼֱܹ׷ܿԼƽ񣬸ǽԼȫԽ񡱣ǿǴŵ찡ԼҲֻڵ۷ˡ죬ƴֿɼԼȴпǼ꣬ʮꡭ
Ϊʲô᪻ѾԼȴҪĪī
Ŀ⽥֮૵ǰӹһΣһΣҲڸˡ
˵䣬̧֣ϣ˸ŽƹСƿ
ΪҸǰʱյõһζϹŵƶɵġﲻǶϹʱȴӵкպڴ֮µĵ۷ǿߣֻΪֻһáǾǡӳѵʱ䡣˵ţ·˵붨еīѾʼī޷ġ
ǸմħƼһϹؾոճΪȷ书Члר۷֮ʵǿ飬աǶˡȻҲžʹõġʦãǲǸоأ
ڣֵˡǺǣҵǺ棬ռݵа꣬ǸʲôĴأ
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ֻǹ׵Ĵ͸߲ʹ⻷īࡣīһ֮£ıǶˡ
һֱǳɫīıǶ֮󣬰ɴ֮µݣ¶һ˿΢Ц
ӳʱҲ°ˡ֪ΣܲܳŹأ
΢ЦĿȴǱĿī
һǰʶǿʱġͨĵ۷ǿߣʱ䣬ͨʱˡ
ȻֻʱѾΪ޷ؿռ֮еа⵽ɡ⣬ܹ߱ٿʱֹʱǰ֮µġ
⡰ӳĥʱ䣬£֮У޷ֹͣ񣡿ǽһգ
Ϲʱڣ֮ʱ⵽⡰㣬ղұᡣһ⣡
⡰ϹҩϹר԰ǿ߶о֮ԡꡱ֮⣬֡ǻļմħƼؾ֮жĺ٣᪻ţҲûй⡰ļءԣʦ˹ҲԻɲͷ
˼ƣƶī粻⣬Ѿ
¶Цݣ־Ŀīһ֮ת
չҡŽϣɫâٶ˸һУָƽ·𣬴˽

ʱȻš
ؿռ֮УѾһˡ
һµʱƾŴ󱯷ϣѾ֪˶аˡʮ򣿰ûĿ
ռ̫ˡа꣬׼ƣʮ򣬶ſռ˵ţһë㲻ϡ
ôаܸ꣬оԼƺڷһʵı仯Ѿһʼֽɫâģˡǽʵʡȥͬһɫ


551 ݵı仯
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˶ľ֮֮ʱ䣬ݵġꡱҲ˶һֲɹı仯
ֱ仯ݲδ뵽ģΪˮԴĵ֮УֻǼˡ֮ĥѣĥԴаꡣϿûмЩ֮аʲô仯
֮е۷壬Ҫ񡱴ﵽǿ߶۵Ŀռ䡣ȻӵС깥طֶ÷ŹȴǲࡣǴﵽǵߡҪ೤ʱ䣿ԼҲʱˡʱǷſȥֱ˵֮յĵ٣һʶ֮Сϣ걾벻룬Ҫ뿪ռ䡣Ӵ֮Ҳûֻˡ
˵ˮԴĵûмأҲ
ⶨȻʲô£ĺ¡ֻǡáʲôطȴҪһĹ۲졣
ݻɢŽ⣬ǲת־âȻ˸ݡ·ıǽɫһ㡣ԭһۿȥֱǡ塱ġꡱҲʵ塱롰塱֮䡣ͨɢһƵϵơ˵
һµʱݵġꡱ˼ı仯֮⣬ʶ֮У仯ȴǸ
ֻԭƺƵʶ֮ȴѾήȥ֮һˡʶϿյķ籩ȴԽӴȻ׵ĸ߶ȡǷ籩ģ飬Ѿʧȡ֮ģһӴޱȵģ֫ȫνɫ塪ʶġꡱ
꿰ơȻɣ籩ȫâҫͰԵ
˿һ꣬ǵֱ˲ɣҪ֪еǿߣ࣬Ҳ׸ҡѾǼΪ˵ˡߴɵġꡱ˵û
Ϊɲǣ⡰ꡱûȫϣʶ֮֮֮һˡȫϣ⡰ꡱҪٱĻ²ǧɣ
ǧɸߴġꡱһֲ˵ãֱײеޱ߽ˣ
Ӵʲôô
һжǿҪūݣѾǲܵˡ
ΪȹģġꡱطôѾԽǿߡ
ֻа죬Ǿǿ߽ȫųпġꡱС
Ҫūһˣ֮ҪȶԷǿϣܹ⡣ĻǾ޷ɹġ
ڶʵ
ߵʵһڱԪһ룬ʶ֮ϡ
ʶǿ̽Զȹģ꣬һʶ̽ȥֻ·Բǧ鶼ĸԺ֮Сǹһͷת֮£ɱͬȽǿߡ
ʵϣǿǵȽв죬вĻ죬ǰǿߣҲԵֵסݡ
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򵥵ıһֻ˵һǩԽķѣĲһǩǲ˴أ
ݵġꡱͨȣͺƴ֮ȣͬܵĹڱ˵пݵϣܿǲ۲ġֱԳ֮ΪĴˡ
Ҫ֮⣬иĺôͲһһ׸ˡ
ȻⲢ˵ǿˣݾѾ޵ˡϾϵǿߣǼġ
˵Ӵ̶ȣݾͲġ죬ϵǿߣ඼ӵӴꡣ֮ҪҲпܡ
Ī֮ǿΪطˡķ򣬲ֻˡһ˵һķ֮ڵһķ֮ȫѹƿƵġȻܴ󣬵֮طŵġ
ٴļҲ޷Ӳȡǳʶ
ô˵һԣѾվ۷ˡ
Ȼǰǡ񡱳ɹ⻹ûܵ족ӳֵġꡱһʧܣҪԭεġ
ֻȻѾ֫ˣ֮ϻһƬģû١ϣֻͬһƬâ⻬ޱȣûдš취򡱵·һУǡδɹıʾ
һɣݵġꡱ١ꡱ֮УͬʱչطܻܻĹ֮У⡰ꡱϡ÷ϣҲԻγһꡱػȫˣǹԲ񣬾һȻкܳһʱˡ

ʶ֮еı仯Ϊꡱȴ޷ӦġΨһܸӦģҲǡ񡱻ڳţûгʧܵԤסʶȻ⡰ռ䡱֮εš
ţһˡ
ꡱʵ壬ԿԷСһڿзУšаꡱĵطȥ
ΪվһλòôѾ¶־аӵӴɱߣǲа˹ġݶЩа֮󣬡ꡱջ仯ʲô̶ȺЩڴ档ԣȻˡ
һһа꣬ȵûа֮󣬱룬Ѱһаۼ֮ءܶʼ
ȻΪʲôͬһطۼаꣿʲôܹаꣿ
ݲһ϶ǡǾǣߵġꡱ
ǣһʱаĹ֮У䣬Ǿ˲١񡱵ߡ
Щڼʱ뾪˶һĿɿڴ·˵ɫ
˭Ҳ޷ǿֱյĵطȻ˴ڣηа꣬ǰ·ӼèǵٿɲǳΪ˲һɿڵζȡ
ʵЩս˵
ʵϣǰһʱ䣬Ǹ˲ٵˡ
ǿߣʲôĥѣȿռһΣսǧٹֵа겻˵ѱȫܷ
һϮЩ˵аʱһЩ߽ҲЩ˵ĿСԴˣǲġ
ռôаô࣬ǳһ߽Ҳν
ЩˣҲͣʱһ񡱳ɹ޷ռ䣬ǿ롣
ݡ񡱵ĺƴ󹤳˵ʱȻֻǴҴգ۰ˡ
ݾǣȻЩ̸̸ȴЩԾ
Щ֮У֮⣬򣬶Į֮еҲУǰ


552 īΣ
ν֮ʶҪռ䡱һԣȻ顣
ͨ벻ͬߵĽ̸֮ݵҲܽ߻ռʲôطһЩԵġ
£ûж־ʶâֻת֮ϵݣͷ֮⣬һȺаۼšǹǺģĵĳšԶԶģһײ֮
Ȼ񡱽ĥѵˡ
촽¶һ˿Цݡ
а˶ԣĥѡԣǴĲƷǰаۼĹģȻǡ֮ˣǸطѾа깥̵ʱˡ
ٳɣݵΣǸ򣬱ȥ

Ѿһˣīʦһֱ⵽ô£
᪻ţŮڡ
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˵ֻĸˣǵϢȴȫŮĿռʶ쳣ǿȻΪ֮
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ڸʲôԱһλŮɻ˵
֪޶˵ŮҡҡͷЩأ϶ˡ
ǧƷܹšꡯͬʱаռ䡣ˣѾȥһˡаռ֮аڶ࣬ϵıģīʦõΪôʱ䣬ֻѾǼˡһŮӳĬãڡ
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ʱжϵġôʱ䣬ֻīʦҲƣӦԡǳʲô⣬ֱֹͣ񡯣뿪յҲǲԡīʦãΪβ˳ڶλڵŮ͸¶ɻüͷ˵
һ˶һ˼ֲͬѰζˡ
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ֻУһЩèڡ
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˵΢˶٣ӹ˵ǰʱʦϵңؾ֮ѾߵͷաȲѣǲҪŵһʦиʲô̡˵ͣ
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ǧѵʵǿֻʮ֮ǰѾ֧ŲסЩȻǻҪΪ׶аˡ
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һ񡱳ɹôͿԿĵһﵽڶĳΪһǿߡ
᪻ڵ伮࣬Ϊܳĵӣôܸٵĵӣڵĵ伮ȻΪ򿪵ġ֮⣬ڲʦĿУҲ֪һ¡Ǿǣ֮ʣĥѡĥѣҪһаռ䣬аϮ
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Ȼ֮еǣ֮ȴδ֡ЩɻѡȻѡԶ롣
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Ȼ޷һ˿ϵռ䣿
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Ѿȥʮ죬ѾءȥֻµҪֲ˶ˡ
ҧűݣдһɼᶨ
һ֪վҵ˭ܾôȥ֡Ҫȥʦǣһ취ҵġ
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553 
ꡱٶȺ֮죿ֻգ֮䣬ݱѾϵ˽ǰ
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һǿݶ̲סҪȴռǲаλϣ
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һû˽ӴΪԷʱ򣬶Է·Ѿ׶ˣʱǴռˡʶûü֮
ǣⲢʾݾͲֲ֪
ϾҲǵǸʲôĲˡڡ佣ڡʱ䣬һ꣬ǾżܣԼ彫żСַɡĵ֮С
żռˡ佣ڡۼѧϣغֹ嫶֣ĵ£Ұ̸νһҲ֪˲֮¡
УͰɽٿռ֮е
һԣռǲƵĲġܹͬһáʶطΪ֮١
ν޾ԣһܣҲռǾǡ屾
ռ䣬ֻԽ롣ӵʵʵ壬ǲֵܻġĴڣֱԳ֮Ϊࡣ壬áʶط֮⣬ʲôӴ
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ݵЩ𾪡
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ΨһģпǡƷģҲǵκмǸŹְӡ
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ȻҲֻһֻɰˡûκ˵˵ǰƷһǿԿ϶ġԲᳬƷ룡
һ仰˵ƷܣǾԳǰӳƽġ
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ǡ۷塱ߵĶɽٿռ䰡
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ξԲͣݱһĸоȻֳı֣ȴЩ⡭
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ռ֮ʱһҲֻǰ˸ʱѡ
ԣݸû뵽ռ֮⣬ܹռ֮д죬ʮġ
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ͣ˲ӣЩɻ󡣵ǣΧаǣûͣ
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ݷͣΣɻҲǶ̶һգ۵ĹѡУʱò׺а꣬Ĵڡ
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ûй붷־ݣһаǵУǿ
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ռ֮У֮ǾԵ޵С¶ԷӵСƷҲܶΡ
뵽һƳ˽˹аǣ˫һʨӡף
ɫâͽȻʢݵ壬·һ˲䣬һ̫ҫ۵Ĺâ谵նƿЩ͵ĹâһӴǳǧаʱаǶʱǺ
ǣǷŹӣӣ
ңҵ壡Ҫ
ƬƬа꣬ڽɫâľ֮£ƬƬâӿݵ֮СݱͺʵġꡱԽʱ䣬ʱпܷ


ըͽȻīĶСһƬɫâ̫һնµʱīԭ԰׵ݣæ̧ͷ
һۣͿһĻ桭
ɫâ֮У׶аǣһֵҪŸ߿շ롣Ȼǽɫâ֮£һҽУ·ûͬһ㣬һενɫҺ塣ЩҺ壬·ĳ־޴ǣһ۶ȥ
ЩɫҺ۵ĵ㣬һͨɢŽâӣ˫΢գʨӡȵվڿС
ıȶƽͣݿoնӡָûаֵĲΧһƬһƬҽŵаꡭ
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554 ʶ
Է岻ɢһɫĹââ֮һ˸еůĺƴϢͬʱһִ֮ǿ֪˵ġꡱǿ˾
ʣӦЩ˽ɫҺа¡
ȻһֶԶԷǿľ֮⡣īͷһʶĸоȴԽǿʵоԼӦǼǰλӡֻǣʲôطأԶԷ˲Ϊļ棬ӦҲԼΪ̵ӡǡ
ī˼⡣
ī֣֡ݵĿȴһѿ޵
ԷŷǷī֣Ϊƽ⡣ˣá
֣ʵΪƽ˼ַɡ
ޡīݵͣȿ˶Էһۡḡ֮ӣǰӵĿȴΪ峺Լʵֻͣ⡣ī΢΢һ죬漴ȴǻָ΢΢Ƿ˵
ǺǡһЦȻ˵ԭī᪻¸㡣⵹ˡ˵ǻЩԨԴء
Ȼ֪ī֮᪻ˣȴǱֵĸո֪һ㡣
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佣ݡݹ֣һЦ˵
佣ڣ
⻰īϣҲ¶һɫû뵽ռ䣬ȻͬĴ֮еˡ
ڣ֦ͬ˵ЩԨԴҲ޹ɣ΢Ц˵
󻪻˵ҲЩĦ˵Ͼ󻪹йصĳɣ⣬ǱżõĹϵġ֦ͬĸ֣Ҳõġ
ħƼؾ֮УĴ붼ҲЯˡ
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˵Ů֮УӦǱȽϰȫġϾǳ˼Ϊյ״ܲīǣ
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׽֮УȻȻˣ¶ɵЦݡ
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ֻīɫƣ룬Ȼƣɫȴȥ˵ݡ߲ʹȻûʧ˵Ȼһ޵ݿԷĸй٣ΪǾƷ̫ԭȻɢ˴롣һ־˵īƣԴɵЦ֮չ¶Ȼӿ졣
νŮӺϡȻݲΪԼʲôӣˣȻǡ󡱵ġԷϾ֮ΨһĶŮ
ͷʱīɫȴͽȻһףͻȻͻȻһΣȻֱ
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뻳ݴʱȴûʲôֻʶĵôˣ
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ŶԷֵȻƣƺҲôأʶݲδע⡣һȴǽͷ͵һ
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Ϊʵġꡱ˸ţȫʱʣʱȴ͸·ʱҪɢһ㣡
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ͨ˵һ̫ã˵䡰ꡱʧ߱꣬˶ꡱ˵Ҫԣ֪
һ鵣ǵ̫ãпܻ˶ʵ˵ġꡱǼΪġ
Ȼ֮ˣ꣬Բͨ˿ɱȡǣīϾûꡱġꡱȻǿͨˣȴҲԶԶûдﵽĥĵز
ԷģȻѾ˼֡ꡱɢ˼ˣ

ɫٱ䣬ͷɿԺһתҲҳɣֱӴᱧԷ壬̧ͷһ·ֱƿնȥ

ض곣⣬Ψס
֮壬ֻء
˵ꡱ壬ͨ˵ʵѾ־
ߣ꣬ʶ꼫Ϊǿе۷ĳ̶ȣʱġꡱ壬ѾԶԶǿͨˡ
ǣϾ֮·׷Զͨ˵ͬʱȻҲҪٱͨ˲Ұٱˡ
ĥһĥѣ
ȹȻ˵ɱӴɱһ̬
Ȳ͵ɢ
ע⣬ɢ
ɢǱǱ־ŴӴ֮֮䣬ҲûˡͨҪӵĿɲ봿⣡
񣬾ôаΧī͵ɢıԵˣ

ӣӣǸʹ÷Źˣ

ڰ֮УʱһĽк˺ѷεĲҽ
߿֮Уһɫ壬һ͵Ľɫââֵа꣬ͳͳŤĲҽšЩûбֵа꣬ûķš
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ݱŻŵīɢһ͵Ľɫâȥ²ܼаͳͳΪһενɫҺ塣ЩҺһһ㱻һǣ˻
ͬǣһΣЩɫҺ壬ûݱ˵УǡлԹȥ˵īڣ
ֻлԹȥ˵ī屻һšһ˿˿ͣӿڣԭѾְ͸壬˻ˡ

Ȼݵͷһۻеīȴҡҡͷɨһûа꣬˿ͣģԶӶȥ
ݺεȴϻֻۣͷһתѾ²⵽īµһˡ
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ռ䲢֮ǴռҲȫݸˣ޷֮óȥתø˵Ļƾһ֣ݾԳΪƵĴʦ


556 
ͳ谵֮Уݱī壬ͣķš
ռа࣬һ·һС̫һ㣬ͣĽַΧ֮ڵа꣬һεξ֮ȫī֮С
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жīкøУܾ¶ԷȻΪˡ
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ŮһŮ֮УĿ΢΢šĶűչеīȴżɻʵףΪѾȥ˽һˣīȴڼأ

ŮڲټĴġ
һط󷨣ĵĵ֮ϡһɫ⻪Ե󷨵ıԵγһĻ
ĻΪɫ뵣ʲôŮӣ;վ󷨵ıԵ֮ϣ·ڵȴʲô
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뵵ɫĻͻȻ⻪է֣ʱһģȴȻӰ˹Ļ֮С
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īʦһʦѾˣ˵й֮ѹ˵һ֮󣬱㳯īıչȥ
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϶ǳʲôˡ
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ȺеĻȻݵĮȻȴȻ¶һ˿衣
ʦ¡ǣƺ֪һЩʲô
ݣеɵĿһԼһʽͨĹ֮Уȴ˸š
ͨ񣬼ʦҲܲ̽յ龰Ǳû֤ݡӦֻǻɰɣΣֻҪû֤ݣ˭ҲκҲáֻǡ
֮¶ɻ󣺡Ѿȥ࣬˵Ʒǧ֮ҲӦˡΪȴδ᣿
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557 
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ȻЩǡٻӰ·û˿ܵ˼ֻǾվԭأԣһ߲ϣȻ˸ţаֵ硣
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ġꡱ֮ռ֮ǰ֪ǿ˶ٱšꡱԽǿԤУҲԽӵǿҡѾĸоȥʱ䡱ǲԶˡ

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ⴿ֮˵ĸо·һ˲ë׶ſһ㣬˵볩졣
Щ֮Ҳֻ߽ϵ൤ҩܼĳкܴõġȷǺһԵī˵ͷʾͬݣдżָ̾깥طϡû뵽ռȻЧ
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558 
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κмһΪǿߣҪ̸۰졣ȻħСһּۻ۴ĵ̯п죬ǿߣ࣬Եۡ
ȻǿߣȻҲԵߡħڣҲȫ߰ϵǿߣͬҲкЩˣ󲿷ֶǳЩĵߡ

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ڴˣֻ»о⡰С𡱼ΪơʵϣҲȷǼ桭Ȼֻ֮Ե
ˣǵ޷ܻᣬ޷軨ǿ°ĳ֮Ϊүμү𣡣160 ν۽硱͵162 Ǳ͵
ǵյһɱ޼ҵμϣ׵ĵڵμҵĵУǿǷͷ˵뵱ʱ޷޼ҵĵλ൱ġ
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ǣѾˡλ̫үүȴȻûг֡ߣ̱ˣҲѾˡ

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еãһ֡


559 ʱˣ
ĬĬţľȻ
۾Ѿ绪꣬ȫʧȥˡ
ʱ˵˵̡̲ãȻ˼Լδʱ򣬲֪䣬ѾصС
СģȷֻǼ򵥵ľʽͰĽȺȦˣáªݡ
ªªʵ͡ȻѾҹСȴȻвٵĵطŻ⡣һЩͰƽǰвΧһ𣬳ԳԺȺȣ̸˵أԵú֡
ЩˣħһЩ̵ߡÿ̶Ҫ࣬׼ȥģ󶼻ϼڣѵгһͨ
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ħǣƼСֻڵ׶ǣͬҲһ˻ĵطһĳˣĳǿ߿УǾһɳˡÿߣԼǿΡЩѡħǵˣо󲿷֣Ϊǵǿΰɣ
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ҲܸٵȻֻǲƪ˵ҩۣҲī˶١ȻƷҩΡ
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Ŀ꣬·֮еݣ
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560 ֲͷ­
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ī̧ͷһۣ֮ȴǷ˿ǽɫַΧһ뿪ⷶΧ֮ͣĵĿŹеݡ
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Ƭ̣ͻȻԭվڵϵݵ壬ƯԵĽ⣬ҲīҲڴʱݡ
еݣͨ嶼ɢŨĽɫ·һ̣һɫҺһ㣬תϢǳȻīգһ۾֮ȴǷ֣ʱݾ·ʧȥʶģͷɣ·Ǳĳصǣסһ㡣
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ҪңҪңЩòֲаУ˳
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563 
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·ʲôַ·ʲôû
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аԽԽˣ
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ݴ磬ҪѰ
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⡭㡱һû뵽Է˵仰֮󣬲һЦȻ̨ڣСҲ䡣˵Ĳԣ̨¡
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㡱᲻أǡֵСǽһƨȴûκζݣֻǾĿš㡱
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ʱʱиаۣЩа·Ѿܱеֻ࣬ǳǽ˸֮ȥʹаԽܼ
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ͷʮͷϰͷа궼˵ǣа꣬ǳϰͬʱΪƷæɱҲֲ˶áϾľ޽ǹԵģǷԵġ
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ԭǣ̧ͷɻ󣬻ݣĮĿ˸߿֮С㡱
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ȻڼԶ֮һСȴڵϡĻ̧ͷȻһ֮Ŀȴ΢΢һ¶˼֮ɫ
ֻа̫ܼһ˸޷ذΧñȤ˵еվģŻٶƷаΨһİ취Ǽվ˵飬ʱͨһͨаȡλΣ
֮ɢΧ㶼ĻȴЩġ


564 
Ƭ֮󡭡
Ǳֻһָη䣿˿ѯʡ
ͨͨаѡ֮ȻǸʩͣߵ֮㡱Ҳû룬ֱ˵
Ҳˡǣ⻰һвԭЩ⶯ˣԥ
˲Լ̧ͬͷߡ
ĶȻһվľ޽֮ϣ鲻ĮȴҲЦݡôƽվš
Ҹа˲࣬ôа֮󻹸Ҳߵ˸ࡣˣ⸽ģȷƺа
⵱УΪעĿֻΪµľ޽
ռֻƷϱܱ仰˵˽µľ޽ǿƷĴڣ
˼ƷԼƾʲô˼
Щ֮󣬾Լñϣҡҡͷ֮󣬾ⲻ롣
Ȼ⵱ȴҲһЩ˼Ƚϻ硣
Ӳռʱ뿪ģֻҪڵһʱñȻǣ˲뿪ռ䣬ͿˣҪƴ
ĥռ䣬Ͼֻռ䡣࣬ڼ̵ʱ磬صʵֻҪСһЩͲʲôΣաȻûΣգлñֶΪ
ãҲμӣ
ݵ˼֮˿ˡ
˿ͷ½½Ӧ
һ£ȴһüͷת֮󣬱š
Щˣ˶жԸаķȻ٣ӦѾ㹻ˡ
뵽һ۽â
۵ӹһ˿̰֮һĿֳԶһۣ¶һ˿ɵ
˵Щ鷳ûϵֻҪСһЩҲδκεҡ˾֮˵ʲôҲ׷Źˡ
ţоȥˣ߻ۡ˵ţȥ
ʱӦһܼͬͨа꣬ȥᱦߡ
㣬ֻˡ
һɫĺŮӣһǵİ׷ˣһСӣһķϸˣһʮĺӡ
Щ˵Ů٣ͨϸһǵ񣬾֪棬ûһǺ
ãȻǴҾҪʱǾҪЩ⡣˵ãڼ֮ǰ˭ȹͬ飬ô˱㽫ɱλ飿ǷˣȻ˵
һ֮󣬾㶼˵ͷû⡣
Ļ໥ΡȻЩ໥֮䶼İǿĶ̫ôһӾθУֻһʵеİ취Щ˶евӶ
ĵ˵ͷָԶȻڲͣ۵а꣬Ҳˣ־ͷа;ˣһͼΪӦԵǴͷа꣬ܵ㡭Ща궼ˣֻҪǣҲҲǡ
˳ָķ˿֮󣬾㶼˵ͷ
ǵΨһһƷˣҽǼ⵶Ĳѡˣ·ҵȸ©а꣬Σ˵
ԣĿͶµǱ޽һж¶˼Ľ̰ƷǿʮֺĴڡҲ֪ʵʲôݣ
˿֮󣬼Ҳ˵ͷǺŮӸǿһЦüĿתĿȻٺòˣ鷳ˡ˵ţԵĳ˸ۣ麦ߡ
֣㿴һŮӣ۽¶һ˿мЦ̶ȵȻȻҲѾ⽣ʩչǸЦ
û˵ʲôǿ
ǺŮ׹ۣûаֶݡ·Էֻһãǧ˰ˡĻ֮󣬵˵ͷԡ
ŮӼַӦ֮һ˿⡣漴Ҳûʲôˡ
ãȻˡһâģ۵ӹһ˿̰Ǿͳɣ
䣡
һ¡֮һˣΪ⵶˲䣬ܼа֮СתϢ֮󣬱ۼаû
·ûвǣĿţ죬Ҳ֪ЩʲôӦöЩʧܰɣ
ڽһֱ͵ĬֻƽԶ۵СУȴڳƬ֮վһϢ֮Ʈ˳ȥû˿Ӱ

ʹּӾˡ
īоԼ궼ѾȫȼʹУĴȫĴԡ֧š
ȻŤͷһȻһܵĻеݣֽһҧ
ΧģѾȫǾͷаˡʮͷͷа꣬˷Ĺš߲ѡ߲ʹƾīϵʹԾȫ֧ţҡҡ׹·ʱѵĿܡ
ʱīֳΪ᪻šŵһЩɡ˵ݼͣͲǵŮӿɾ߱ģ
ҧ޾׵֮ϣȴдż֣ȻܵСȻеһݼ֡û˿
Ҳ֪ȥҲֵ֪ܼʲôʱˡ
ʲôʱֻҪܼ֣ͻֵ֪ܼ֡һ̣
Ŀ⾼Ȼȴһκţݴ磬Ͻѹɡ

ܼа꣬һʮɷΧ֮ڣͶʱɫƬɢһա
ǿƥĽݺᣬȴһˡ˵鶼Щ仯УҲϼɵ
֪Ʒǿû뵽Ȼǿӣ
һƣն˽Χ֮ڵа꣬Ŀ˸ĿıӰһ뷨ȴӿͷҲ޷Ĩȥ

ƷȻϾֻǹȻ©֮˴аʵ̫ܼǰͺ̵ȻǾ޽ĽҲ޷ȫĽ֮ס
ȴҲǳصġ
ȥ⼸˶ӵ깥ط֮ĹаҲӵɱȻﲻɱĳ̶ȡ
ҲûҪɱֻ轫ЩΧаһͷͷ߽֮УҲˡ
ɣʵҲɡϾ©аȻǼΪɲģ
£һҧͻȻ𡣶ֻġߣһʹߣ긾¶һ˿ɱȵȥȻһƣ˸һҧһֱ۵аꡣ
һаʱըķѣһըߵа꣬Ҳը˸Դʧ
ãռ䣬嶼֮ɵģֻҪ֮㹻Դ˶ֻ긾Ϲ⻪˸һ£Ǳ̵ұֳ˳ȻϵĹâһЩȻ֮Ѿࡣ
˸Ա£аɱ


565 
ͷһۣҲЩпûǵһ󹦳ûǲܽôͬģֻһˣһҲʹ˳ˡϾҪݽ󣬱ѾҪıа͵ϮǾ͸Σˡ
ϾǡԪĹԪԼġֻͫǿԹġ֮⣬壬Ȼֻͨꡣа꣬Ҳͨǿʲôط
ǰˣ֮ˣȻ˶깥طҲֻ깥طܹĵ塣ģûޡ
ֻһۣŤͷĿ·
ٶȺܿ죬Ƭ֮ǰâȻһƬҽâ

ҽȴһʱļˣȻֻеһʹȻӭ
ʲôôôȣ
ˣһȻ
һɹɼҵʹ·ðһ㣬˲ϯȫۣ޷ܵʹ
ǽâҲڸǰ
һصĽâǰ׵ĵطǽâΧʮͷͷа꣬ڷﲻͣ
ˣǽâ֮ˣ׷ߣͻȻ
˶һȻʮͷͷа꣬Χһɫ֣ǹ֮УˣһŮˣһˣ
ꣿôܣôִܳꣿǣǵö֮ۻĳ
˵ľȴǴסˣ͸¶ǲţ
갡ʲô
ӵеĴ갡
۷ĥռ䰡ôִܻꣿ
оԼĳʶ˲䱻߸ˣ˶˴͡
ȻֻǳһС֮һ޷Ƶ˷ܣȴеȼ
꣡ӵ˴꣬Ѿӵ˽֤ͨҽ֮˵Ļôҡһ˷ܣ޷ƣͷƤ˲ը

˾˭ѵôĶŪô
ΪͷаĹϵСаѾ࣬ԪĽѾԽагƬǹʣˣ˲١
Ȼۣȴһֵַʱǿ˵ɫԵЩʹࡣ
ʹ࣬еľȴǸ⡣˵עǽâ֮еӰϣûע⵽㡣
ϣ¶̰ɫȻʹȴ֪ʹԣǵǻ£Ǻ£
Ǵ֮ӵϴĹЧʹϴеʡʹ֮ԽĴ⡣
а겢꣬ռĶ֮ǼΪ֮Ȼûʲôʿϴӡʶ¡
Ŀתܿ죬ϡһ˿пЦһֻͻȻڹ⣬Ѹ֮٣˲䳯עԶ˵ӿȥ⼸˶깥طȻݶͨӵƷݾԲһ㡣֮ܽһٶᣬǾͿԽǵһˡ
û֮ôأԵ
һ˿ΣȴͻȻͷԴӽ⽣֮Σգڵһʱع
һεΣȻ񶼾Ҳ·Ҫ
ѵиֲаɱˣ
ɱΣһʱ˲²⡣
붼û룬˲һ˿ǣ֮ǣ֮һ˲䣬ͷҪʲôΣ
Ȼһ֮ȴ䣬ۿȻɴ
ģ֮ǰо㣡
㣡
ֻ˵һ֣ǣ֮ѾȫԼµľ޽˲䣬ʧӰ١ɫâƿնֻһ˿ȴûй
üͷһ壬һ̾૵Ȼӵ⽣ˣΣӦ̫ˡ͵ϮȻûгɹЩʧ漴ȴ¶ЦݣûϵֻܵǺŮӣȴˡ
֮ڡŷųȥĺڹ⣬ֻҪжԷ˲ĨɱԷʶ깥طеһ֡
Ϊ൱еǹ֮꣬ȻҪǿĶࡣȻһֻҪУаսǲǿʶĨ𣬳ΪĿܡ
ꡭꡭ
һа֮˽ŤͷһۣʱһϺа꣬㶼־Ȼһƺ̡
һͷаŶ֮ٺ٣꣬һҪˣ
ЦһԶ
ӣŮֵܼʱҲˡȵƷһѣǶ˵ĩաٺ٣ǴԵԵ
Ϊޣӵ֮һ˵ǴС㡣ڹ˵귽˵еʱС㣬ҲԳԴ㡭
Ӱû˺֮Саڹһ֮󣬱㲻ٹΪ棬ѾûϢ
ģаӿȫڵס

ղһĻīû˿ĲֻΪԸЩа궼ʱȥע
ѹԽԽˡ
ףֹƬ֮īͻȻһ漴۾һʹ
Ťͷȴֽâ֮еȻһ˯ģЩɻ
֪ȼյʹĥ֮еʡϾݣӵС֮󣬻Ĩһ飬ֱ֮Ĵֻܱգٶа˵Ǵ֮壬֮Уȴͱʡʶ˼ʱϴӡ
ȻϴӶЧӰԶġӴԺУ˸Ľ״̬Ҫ˿Ķ࣡
νʥľ괿ˣԽīʾֳȾĸоǾΪ괿ٶҲ졣
⻹ԶԶûﵽĳ̶ȡ
Ѿĳʡ뿪ռ֮УٶȣֻµҪĿɿڴˡ
ôڲʹˣī˵ȴǸϢ񣬼ӦЩͷаꡣ
ȻƺתһЩʵϣȻѡ

ʮ֮⣬ռ߲֮Уһ޴ޱȵĺӰױȵٶȣݷɳ۶
ꡭȻдڶɻ٣ٺ٣û˰ֻҪҾռ䣬Ӵңˡ
¡УģĲŮޱȵĿ˷ܡ


ٶȺܿ죬๫ܿɹ

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566 ִ
аˡ
ǵصа꣬һƣֻ¾Ѿڰ⣡
һ򣬾͸ɽ˺ĸо˽а꣬һָо
գ纣糱
а꣬ڲͣĻšΪԲķԲ߰˹ЩòǧٹֵаռݡУͷаǿĴڡ
ûҲ֪ˣ
඼糱аȺȴ֣˽ôʱ䣬ƺһ˿Ӧûд
߸˾͸ҴаȺǲ֪ЩֻȻƷаǰģֻ£Ǽ˶ȥ޻ˡ
Ҳ֪Ǳˣڹؼʱ̶뿪ռأ
֪زˡ
Ҳ֪Ǽı﾿ʲôû
ʱǶûܵаĹΪа궼ŽĻȥˣࡣֻҪƣûаǡ⣬ҲԽǺ
⣬Ǹʲô
Χ۵֮У󷽱ԵһӰҲĿǵصаꡣ
һɫߣ뷢԰סȥ伫
ߣռ֮в١ˣһ㶼ʱȽϲˡ
ȻߣݴʱܿĻȻܾȵһϳһΪϤˡ
޼ұߡһ
һڰǰѾﵽ˵ڶ۷Ϊ̶ȣȻһֱ޼ҡʥá֮У޼ҵص䡣һʶʱΪѾﵽĳ̶ȡ
꣬쾳硣Դ½ĳһϵʣʵֻӹ
ȻʱһϣȴĥĿռ֮У˵뿪޼ҵʱһֱӴӵڣﵽ̶ȣͻƵ죡
ô£һӹˣΪκڻᱬǿı
û֪ʱһվռУĿŲͣ۵а꣬ͬ²š
âʲô﷢ģ
һȻ֪Ū˴󶯾Ľâʲô޼ҵĺ󱲣ݵֱʣ
һȻ棬Ҳ֪Լûʲôܹؼа꣬ȥȡǱġ
ҲãľԼǻۣȴӹɵġ
ֻվԭأĿšͬʱҲֻ֪Ҫһɣͻ뿪ռ䡣

һʱƺûʲô仯ͣа㼯ͬҲвٱࡣеҴаȺģȴûСֻǺĹţҲ֪滹᲻ʲô仯

ܼа֮УһӰһ֮ϣ
һַֻ֣תâҫճֱʮɵһַ⡣ֻҪ֮еа꣬ǷţȻʧȻ֮Ҳ׾ޣ
صСС
СоĿŲԶ֧ŵīԼԻԡڽ֮еݡ
е˼㿴֮Сƽ¶˼ָȤ顣
Ȼһ·ʲôһ㣬Ŀ⳯һȥ
һͷŤͷһԶīһ֮˵ȻԵұһѰɡԺߵʲôطͿԼ컯ˡӷ𡭡
Ŀһţû·붨˰㣬·֮ϣ·ڵȴʲô

Ȼ֧ţ
аȺУɫڣһ˫۾ĶţȻڵȴһʱ֮˫۾֮д˼ַ뽹
Ȼ鷳꣬ȴҲ֪ԼʱҲû취ʲô
ԷƷﻤ壬ҲƳǣԷһֱ֧ȥȵǴѹ֮ôԼɾҪˡ
ʱԼûٶԸԷˡ

۾˶ſ֧ŵī͸˼ɭȻɱŭ
Ȼֻܵȥ

ףʹʧˡ
ī֧߲ѷаꡣȻͻȻֻԭȫʹУȫʧ΢΢һ
ţһǰδеʣͻȻһֶɸУȫ
ǣ
ī졣֣ԼͷԽ֮ҲԽʵ뾫ˣӦЩͷаٸмɡ
Ҫ֪ľͷаԽԽˡ֮ȴࡣ
֮£ȴоԼӦȻҲɣ
ô£
īɻ֡
Ȼ֪Ϊ͸¶֮֮еѾȫ˵Եʡ
ͺơƣǾеˮʹȵľƣϼﶼˡߴȵľƾֻҪһ㣬˻ԡ
һ
ԽʵԽʩչȻҲԽˡҲܸõʩչƷˡ
Ҫ֪Ʒǵڰǿ߲Ƶģֱܼ޷ֻ
Умһֵܣīӳء
īȻ֪ȴãǺõģ
Ȼ¶˼ϲɫһԱߵݣ³һ
£ֻҪа꣬ӦãͲˡ
ţīĵӦ
ȻҲӦĸˡ

ʱš
ףʲô
ͻȻһɻа֮֮У
˶̧ͷֻһƬױȵٶȣԶ߿գХ

ٶ֮죬ֱ޷ݡռ䣬˿˿
඼ĿɿڴĸûлعʱǺӰѾһ·˲䣬аУ

һĹǺЩа֮У
ֻӰ֮ƬƬа꣬ײĻҷ
һһƣռ䣡
˻
ˣŻعһɫ˲԰ףһȻ֮ɫǵϣ
˶ֲ֪Ĵڣˣ

ˡ
аȺеСУļȻ۾ƽаȺС
Զĵطһź֮ƣȻɱ룡па꣬ҷ
СƽĿһ֮󣬱˫ۣУһӡ

ͬʱ
ʲô
ûĺҲ˲䣬Ǳ౶ĺȻɴ۾
ǡаꣿ
Ȼһ֮ûԼͷҧԼ۾
а֮꣬Լа֮۶ɵǰ֮УһаϢһ֪аꡣ
Ȼͨаȣɾǿ̫ˣ
ꡭҵģ
ģĲŮǺɫ˲ס
ֻ˲Ϣ֮еĺɫһ
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ӿ뷨ֻ֮ûĺǾ޴˲䣬ȥ


567 ˣ
а꣬Яױȵǿѹ
ԭΧīݵľͷаǣҲڴʱͣ˹޴ϣӿֳ֮ɫ֮ʣȫΧҪ롣
ȻǺаͷͷа꣬ȴڻûüܵʱ򣬾ͱǺס

һ󲻱ŮĲҽͷͷа꣬ȫǺаɣû˿Ϣ
ǣ
īݣ˲ɫ䣡
а޴ޱȣֱԳ֮Ϊǵأͷǿľͷаֻ꣬Ǳĺסֱӱɣʧǿ֮Ǻа꣬ڽɫ棬ͣ
ꡭٺ٣㣬ҾܴӴңˡ
Ǻī߲ѣһ붨еݣ˻ƶŮȻȻһˣ
ǵأȻīֻǰһڣǺа꣬Ѿ˲䣬߲ͬϣȫɣ
īȻ԰׵˿Ѫɫ
߲ϣȻһ⣬īֻԼ֮·բˮһ㣬к
ֻǶ̶̲һʱ䣬ϣѾаٷ֮ʮ֮һգ
ʲô
ī۾Ȼһӿһɾ
һϢٷ֮ʮֻ֮ʮϢͻӦΪ֮Ĺ⣬ԣ
ںаԣ
īݲ԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫһƽĸоӿ

īǰδеΣʱȻڽɫĿռ֮С

ȻԼ˼άʵռĸоһƬƽ͡ûаɻ󣬿ͨ
Ȼпͨȴֻһ
ռʲôطôռģ˭
Щ⣬ƺû·Ӧ·һֱռ䣬һֱռʡ
ңҪȥ
ܵʲôʱ⣬û
ʵϣռоûκεʡ
ӷ𡭡
ʱһ֮ͻȻݵĶϡһ֮󣬻ͷͷ
һСУһĿռ֮С
Сò㣬֮ϴƽº͵΢Ц·һůĺԴһַ⣬ҫҫԡ
˭ֵĿССУһһ˿ʡ
СЦúºͣ´һݣ¶ֻҲ컯
ݸˣԷ˵ɻĻ
˵ʲôôδ㣿׷һ䡣
СһЦ˵˭ҪҪǡ֪˭𣿡
˭ݺЦЦҵȻ֪˭ô֪ܲԼǡ
Ļͣӿֳɻ֮ɫɻ󣬽Ȼ
˭
·ħϣݵĿУһⷴظš
˭˭˭
СĿĿԽ͵ݣ΢΢һЦֻܿԼˡ˵ţһţλʧ
ݼվڽɫռ֮УԺȴӿһ籩
˭
򵥵֣Ȼȴһ籩Ҫԭ
ݵԽԽʹ࣬ıסԼͷ˵ϡ
˭˭
𰸷·ֿɵáȻһǿƺεĽ𰸸סݷʣȻûһĻش
ָоͺһλգ֮ȴˣ䣬ȴҲ䲻һһԵķУ˲ǻָо·ԴǻҪըһ㡣ܣ

ͻȻһǿȻ͸ɫռ䡣ռ䣬ļȻһ
һ˲䣬һ˿ͻȻݵͷ
ݣ
򵥵֣ȴ·ſբŵԿһ㡣Ժ֮УӡϢȻӿ˳
޼ҡޱơ̡ۡһ佣ڡĵӡκмռ䡭
һ飬˲両ݵͷҲһ˲䣬ָʶ
һ˿亹˲両֣
ÿֲ֮ﵽʱ䡭û뵽ȻǽôһֲĿռ䣿
ףǺȻ
ռ䣬ƽޱȡȻʵϣȴ
ȻԼݣһݸоһ˿ͬѰƽ֮£ȴޱȵ׶
СͻȻ֣һ⡣ôݻռã
һԶݺܿ϶ҲԲһ̵ܶʱ䣡
ռﰡﵽа꣡ѣȻǡأ
뵽ݻȻɴ۾æ
ռ䣬ﻹҴȥ
ҿһ̧֮ͷȻ붼û룬Ȼȥ
·˺ܾãַ·ֻһ˲䡣

ݴ͸˽ɫƲ㣬һƬ貵ǿգǰ
ӿʲô뷨һͻȻӿԺ֮С
һɹֵϢ棬Ȼ֡
ݵԽԽӲȻǿһƬѪ֮ɫ
䣡
ԺȻһݣ˹
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ãһֱն϶Էĸ첲Ȼ꣬˲䷢ǣ֮صʵʱ첲̺ܹ֮صڣȻҲ١
뷨ȻǺܺãȻôû뵽ԭһֱеĴ꣬Ȼһ˲ͻȻѹңԷԹǿҿõķ𷨣
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˫һǹȻǰγ֣Ҹȫĳ档Ҳǰˣ޼̶ʱȻԼҲ޼ҡ
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ǵأƱյаҲ֪һʱ֮ʱīҪӦһΣˡ
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ݵֱ꣬ͬһ޵׶֮ܳԵȥֱа֮֮ŸоԼ꣬һ˿
괿ȣѾﵽһ޷ĳ̶ȡа꣬Ҳֻǿһ֡
֮УҲһο֮ǰûпľͷаꡭȻͷаԶ÷Ĵ꣬Ҳֻһˡ
ֵһǣǺаٴγˡһ죬ҲûгһڴζԼ˴֮󣬺аŲ뿪ҲΪҪػīٴηŹ
а꣬һεĴ󶯾˲ٵࡣݲǿ֮ɢٹ֮⣬кҪ൲桭
֮ȣȣǾȣЩ඼û˿ĿɱԡһΣûٳӵƷ
ҲǣƷεѵãֲǴײˣܿ
ȻȻһۣ뵽֮ǰ飬˶ܵ
ϧȴĵİٹﷶΧ֮ڣ޷ȻҲûá
˵īʱЩʲôʵԵĺôĻҲⷶΧ֮ڵаȫ˹ȥʹٲʲôعֱ࣬ɹ˰ɣ
ģһ
ÿһνռλÿɶģν룬ζԶλáҲһΧȴԾۼ½Χǿˡ
һȷǲζ⸽ڶΣʱûа깥֮˳
һεļһģһֻа꣬޷ô£һ뿪ռʱȻɻ
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Ща·ܵĳħһ㣬ƿݵķ⣬ǲĵķӵ
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üͷȻƬ֮ȴֻε̾һһҪڹ겻ǻһֱȥ
ء׷߶˾Ʊסǵؽ׷ÿ춼ҪƷʯķѡһһǧƷʯҿж٣༸ˡպû㽫Ļ̵ĸιһЩ˱оƣĮ˵
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ǵһӲˣȻ߳Աߵȴ
κмߵľۼأƲҹǡϣ¥ҲӪҵġһ¥Ҳֻˡ
һҹ޻
峿̫ո¶ԴݱǴ붨˹̧ͷ˿ɫվ
ʰһ֮߳˷䡣
үүˣ
ݸµһ¥ʱε꿴۾һæԱߵİ׷˵
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ˡЦžܾȻֱ߳˾¥
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߳¥֮󣬱;ԳųŶȥʱѾ˳ȥ
ף׷۾һ
ȻˣЩ
СЩȸţҪݾߡһֵ֮ͷɾͲˡ׷ߺܳס
æͷĿĶݵıӰ
˰꣬ȵĲһô
ãƺδǵĸ٣˳֮󣬾һ·ȥİף˽ĸš
߳ŲһǧңͻȻâһֳһ׺ɫΧסֻڿն𣬷˳ȥ
ʲôһŵɴ۾ɣ
Աߵİ׷۾ȴϵΧףƷ죬Ǹϣˣ
˵佫һζʱƮ𣬱ʱ͸ݵ
ݿΧ׷вͬ߿ȫƾеġٶȣֻ첻
ܾھˣֻܿ롣ںţһξ֮ڳ־ɱʱ򣬾Ͳˡ׷ߴӣ˵
¶ŨṴ֮̃ɫͷ

ݵٶȲھ֮ĵطĸš
ʱ֮
ٹľ룬ȻšѾһƬĴϿա£ʱ̴һͳ
үүѾ뿪һٶ๫ˡɱ˰ɣѾȵЩȲˡ
׷ԣҿ˿ʶֳܺɨһȷΧûˡƬ֮¶һ˿пЦݣԲʮﷶΧ֮ûˡãɣ
˵ţȻӿٶȡ
ȻӿٶȵʱǰݵΣͻȻֻͣ˲䣬׷꣬Ѿݲǧסʱȴתŷٿİ׷ߣ¶һ΢Ц
Σգ
׷ͷȻһȻһ٣һ㣬˿Сɫ֮У¶˼־ɲ

׷ĿʶͬʱܺɨȥȻԲʮﷶΧûκ˰
Сӣʲ
ͻȻ׷ߵȻ䣬˼Ŀݣ
ԲʮﷶΧûκˣǣǰꡭ
׷ߵͷƤʱĿĶǰһЦݵꡭ
λˣһ·κм͵ʲôô׷һı仯δӹݵ۾¶һ˿ƵЦݣ󻺻ˡ
ٺ٣Сӣġһ˷̰ſھ˳ҪݽϵƷȻĻδ˵ֻ꣬žһ죬׷ߺݺݵһĺϣĻʱˡ
үүʲôֲ꣬ʱۿԼүү


576 ս
죡׷ߺݺһɣֻɵĪȻһ¶һЦݣǰˣˣֻ·ѡŵǰʵڱǸߣߡ
˵ţξ
ȫ㵣ĪĿԼүү֪ԷĸԾǺԷΪǰԼ˰ɣ
үү
죡׷ֺݺһɣĻĪȫͷԣȫӦˡ
׷ߴ꣬һĿ⾯Ŀݣһߺˡ
ݴЦŰ׷ߺˣδκαʾɰ׷ˣʧǰ
öʧ֮ݵֻ¶һ˿΢Цת·ûзκһ㣬ǰȥ

үүʲô
ȫʧݵǰ֮УŻعȻĿ׷ߡ
׷Ŀ˸أСЩ쳣ҵʶǲ̽Ĵڡ׷˵䣬βĵʶٶȺɨա
һɨ֮ɫԽȻԲʮ๫ûκ˴ڡ
ʶ޷̽⣿һ㵡
Ȼʶ޷̽˵ʲôһ˵ʶ޷̽Է˵Էľ磬Ҫڲ̽һңֹһΡ
ǣôܣ
үүСӰǰֻǵΪˡʱ䣬ܱΪߣдŲš
ǰ׷΢΢һüͷ
԰СӰǰֻǵ۷ѡʱ䣬ƣҲܱԼΪ߰ɣԼʶΪΡ
ͻȻ׷Ŀһɣ˼ǡҵʶ޷̽Ϊʲô챦
һͷ϶ʱ䣬ԷΪôҲܳɣʶ޷̽ΨһĽͣӵĳ챦˵ʶ޷̽
׷Ŀ˸жʱ֮ǰһСжʱֳŭԼȻǱһڵСһסˣ
ȻǽԽϣԽСôԼô꣬ǿŽһߵ̶ֳȡЩ쳣ͽԼסô
׷ȥ
׷ȫŭˡ˲϶ԼӵĲ²⡣
ԷΪıߣղôô׵ľͷԼȥȻֻΪпɶʶ̽챦ԼŻ߰ˣ
ʶ챦ƸߣϷͳͳˣ
׷ߣ˲١

֪㲻ġ
ǰݣڰ׷˲ٵʱ򣬾Ͳͷиֳһ˿Ц
ʶķΧаٹ֮ʵϣʱͲԼ˸ˡ뿪֮ԳžͷУΪȷжϡԼһ룬ǰ׷ҲϾ͸֮󣬾ˡԷĿ꣬Լ
֮ǰҵҲǰɣߣǺ
жʱ뵽ǰֱĸоʱʶŵĳ̶ȣ޷ȷĲ̽˭ڸˡȴȫȷˡ
ҲãҾͿǿߣжٲ࡭
ţͣΣü֮΢΢һһ¯ʱзɳ˲ɴСͨâҫͣݵǰ
ݵ֮ȻѾﵽĳ̶ȣͷԣȴȻֻǵ졣ԵǿߣҲ˿⡣
⡰춦ܹأҲܡ

үү죡
ղŵĶ̶ʱ䣬Ѿɳʮ๫׷Ȼ٣ȴҲ˲͸ϵɳ߰˹֮ЩеĴߴšܵˡ
ԷĲƸѾˡ
׷ĿȻŭĻҲ˵ֻٶȣЩ
ڣɹ
ͽȻ׷ߵĿһ¶˼⡭
ˣǰһﴦǵĿ꣬Ȼͣһ˲䣬Ȼ¶һ˿Ц
ô£
׷ͷһͻӿһ˿
ֻһתһ˿ǱԺȡ֮ģǸŭ
ѵΪŻһβɣ
үүĶ꣬Ҳһʱ䷢ݣȻ˷ܵĴ˳̰ʢ
ݡ
׷ٶȼ죬˲仮һľ룡
С
׷߿кšŭͬʱҲвʶû˿ϻֱӱǳ֮֡ƣԷ£κηӦĻᡣ
񱩵ķʱһǿѹȻϯȥ׷絶Ȼ»һ춯صĵƣһֻáһ֮ռ䶼΢΢һϸ΢Ŀӣ
Ȼһ֣Ǿɱ֮
ĺã
˿ΪƣԷڣҲоһǿѹսȻӿһֻ֮УȻһâױȵٶȣȻϮüġͬʱԵġ춦Ҳ˲ɳӭߵĵƣ
䣡
ƣݺݵĻˡ춦һȻײ֮󣬡춦΢΢һȴδˡǵߣɢͬʱݵʶҲ˲ûߵü֮У
ʲô
ǿƥ깥˲ɨ׷Ȼһ䣬֡Դʱӿһɾҵʹ
깥ط֮ôôǿ
׷Ȼɫ䣬ŵĿ˳
֪ôЦһȻشԷһԱߵĵ¯ʱ˳ȥ׷ߵͷ£
¡¡
¯˲Ŵ󣬳̩ɽѹ֮ƣȻѹ
үү
׷ŵ굱ɫ䣬ŵͷѹ£ƺȻĵ¯ֵĺ˳ʵû뵽үүȻֻһ棬öԷռϷ磿
ң׷һһ¯Ȼû£ֻԵҲҪˡ
²˿ĳɣֻϹâһһĻƾճǰڹĻ֮ڣһСܣڿǹĻСӰ
䣡
һ졣¯ʵʵڵСܵӰ֮ϣǿ˲佫Ӱҵİȥ
⡰춦ȻֻƷ¯۸ǼƷʯͨĹƷﻹҪȻͬСɡ
ȻߵСܣҲ֮¡УȻҰȥһС飬ȴδѣǿӲĶסݵĹ
ߡ
һ֮ǿһ֣

׷߶ʱһҽУԺ֮еʹ˲Ӿ磡
ʲôֻ̬ǵΪ깥طûǿ᣿׷߸оԼȫˡû

һҽУڰ׷߶էͣ׷ߵɫ˲ˡ͵Ťͷȥһ֮ۿʱ˺ѣ

׷߷ĺ˳


577 ݵȱ㣡
ܿסԷ깥ȻȴֻǵΪôܿס
˫ĿɴȫǾ־塣Ȼ۾Ѿȥ˹


׷ѣ˲
ֻ䡱һ죬ΪԲģϷӿһǿƥ
񱬷֮µľҲǱķ
Ŀʱһ˿أʱжϳӲ
Ȼ֮ǿᣬǿȣȴȻֻǵڵĳ̶ȡֿܵġ
ֻһ֮ʱӿâʱȫ춦ڵһʱȻɻأݵǰһ֣ɫСܣҲȻݵĸǰ
\ʼ׷󷨵ȻȫţΣ˲仯һâ˳ʮ๫֮⡣
䣡
ֻһ죬Ӵʱǡ춦֮ϣֻ֮춦Ҳˡ
춦ǺųƿɹɷԵǱˣȴûаѵĺۼ
˼춦ǰôһǹʮ๫֮ݵϵʱѾ˼ࡣֻǰɫСܵĹĻҲļȻһţһɾȻϮ
䡱
֮ȻٶȻ֮ԶֻǣѾϵ\ʼ׵˸롣µһЩҲܿסˡ
¶һ˿ɫ
ǿߵȻͬСɣ
춦ɫСܣ\ʼסϣ־ʮ๫ǽݻ֮Զǿᡣûֻһ֮£ݱҪޣ
׷˫۳죬״񡣼ݾȻűݹԼһѣɣһ˽ȥһɺȻѹ
Ψһˡһ򰮻мӣǳⶼ̺ǳ⡣񣬾ȻϢıԷɱܲ
Է˷ȫһƴļƣҲӹһ˿ءֻжʱһɽâ˲Ϣ֮󣬱ö
֮ٶǿ֣

ǿƥ֮˲ɨ

׷߲Һһһɱ֮ǰӾҵļʹ˲ϯĴԣӣҲһڿһ
ݣ
ƿȻը죬ץסᣬɣһһʱֱӳŰ׷ȥƷ˪

â˲ǰĶӰǿҵĳһ磡֮ڶ
׷Ѫ˿ԣһʹһ깥ڳ޷񡣵ǰ˪ҲֹֻӰǰ޷ٽһ
Ȼ׷ǰСܣҲѰҲƷϵķ

׷߷ţϲͣĴնǷ
ϵľʹһȴ޷ӳһ˫۾ޱԹĶݡеĳޣ
ݲδеĳԹסֻһǼ춦Ȼ𡣶󣬶Ű׷߾͵ͷ£ǿʱȻײӰ֮ϡ
䣡
ӰһȫȥҪа׷ߵԴ׷һҧǰСܳһʱס˼춦ȻУһײȻǲ¡
һĹ֮УӰȴһЩϸ죬Ӱϵİ˪ҵϸһ˲䣬û˿ɣֱӳ˽ȥ
꣡
һ죬ֻ˪İ׹⣬Ȼ˰׷ߵϡȻǣ˪Ȼ޷͸׷ߵ壿
˪ƷȱȻ޷͸׷ߵ壿ߵ壬һǿ᣿
Ŀӹһ˿𾪡
׷߳ʹһƶʱǰ˪У˪һֱӵȥ
һ֮£˪Ȼʱʧȥϵһ䣬֮һӿ˪С
ãֻԭֱֱİ˪֮ӿһ˲䣬·Ȼһ㣬һֻ֮һâɻء
ͷǿߣȻǿᣡҪ֮ѹҲĶ֡
һĹڼ̵ʱɣҲЩжϡ
죬ϾȵҪǿ̫ࡣ֮ϣ֮ϣǿϡǿ̫ࡣȻ귽ѹƣȴ˲佫ǿɱϾ˵εǿߣĸ֮ˣȻѹƣȴҲɻɱ
ǣܽȫϡ򣬵ƾ֮ǰеһ㣬޷ֱɱǿߵġ
뵽ҲԼʵǿ㡣
Լǿģ֮׷˵ȣԼ֮ȫѹ̬֮
Լ㣬ǹȲԼа˪춦Լ\ʼסȻܹǿսģȴûС˪Ʒף̫Щ
ϵǿߣǸûһԼֻ㹥޷̫ѹ
Ҫİ취һҵһǿĹڶԼ似вȥ
ݻ似ʵЩˡˮӡ֮⣬֮Ʒ̫ͣΣѾòϡˡȻһֱʹȥϾƣһȭһȭĴȥʱķѵ̫̫࣬ԡ˵֣֮ƣȵѧƷ׸ӵ͡ײ粽ʲôģҲԵЩá
뵽ҲҡͷЦ
ԼĻ̫򵥣һǿѧ죬ڵɵģ
ײ粽˵ȻԼ뷨ûдԼԷ̫ǳˡԼǵھǿߣԷȫôٴ粽ײĴﵽԼҪ̶ֳȡǣڣȴЩ̫ǿˡ
뵽ݱķ֣ԼĹֶΣЩò
ˮӡƷ׵ǲͣһֱ£һ㶼ûá֮ѧҪûкڹҪƷ̫ͣҪȻԼ죬̫ԡ
ʵµʵ
ΨһõóֵģҲֻ֮ˡ֮ȴġ
뵽ݳ³һ
ȥСη֮ʵбҪѧһǿѧаţ˵ЩʱһֻſٽȴδԼĹѾͬһˡüͷ
˼̧֮ͷһȻһʹ࣬ԹԼİ׷ߡ֮󣬾뿪
׷Ϊ̫ߣڱ֮ѹסҲɱ˶Է
뵽ݲٳɡҲ˵һΣǼɶ
Сܰ
׷һݾȻֱӷˣֱӵԲ۾˳Ȼ֮ϮȻҪ׷ϣٶȣʵЩ̫ˡ
춦ȻѹٶԽ


578 Ҷ
ѣ˫۳죬Ҫ׷ݡ֮ѹ£ȴ޷תϢ֮ݵӰѾʧ
ʮ֮֮ȻڷĹ춦ȴȻһļСһ⣬ٷ롣׷ǿ֮ϵʹҪ׷ϡȴҲ׷ϲϡƬ̺Ǽ춦Ҳʧ
Ȼ׷ϡǼ֮һᣬǾҵʹʧ
׷ٶӣȻﻹҵõԷӰ
ڰ֮У֮˻ƣ졭
Ѿ˰ٹ֮ݣҲԶԶ֮ŤͷһۣĿ䣺ɱߣ˺ɱ֮´μ棬ҲҪѪ岽
Է꣬ǰһţԷžɱҪȡˣȻŹ
Ϊɱ˶ԷΡȵ´꣬ȴҲγ϶
һ֮س֮ر⣬ж
뵽ˣŤͷһ򣬷ȥ

佣ڣϼ塣
ʤѩԼͤƣϼλðľɫ֮С
һŲͻȻԱߵķдͤеΡɫһ¶һ˿ϲɫһ˷ǰ
ʦ硭
Ů
ӷ߳ģһģŮӡΣŮԲ԰׵ϣ¶Ρ
оΣηסŮӣᡣ
šŮ¶΢Ц˵ͷоöˡ
ǾͺáЦŵ˵ͷСĵķŮ˳ȥͤС
СĵķŮ֮βŮԱ
ɫðŮ̧ͷտգ¶Цݡ
ǲҲ̧ͷ˿գȻͷЦָˣҴȥޱƺ㲻һֱȥĶճô
𣿡Ůжʱ¶˼־ϲĿΣԲ԰׵ɫҲӿֳһ˿Ρ
ġĵ˵ͷὫŮǰߣޱƺҪȥʲôطҶȥ
ʦ硭ŮۻϲĽͷεļͷס֫Ħ㷢
ܰϢͤ
û뵽лʦһ𡣡Ůӿεļͷ۾ȴտգ˵š
εһ¶Щɱܿģֱȡ˽סŮӵ֣ȴû˵
ŨŨİ⣬˵˼䣬໥š
Ⱑ㲻㻵˺£
Ҳ֪˶ãһˬʵЦȴͻȻͷ𣬶ʱڶе˾̧ͷ˳Լͻѻɻᡣ
ɻʦ֡Ůȴһæֱӣ漴ӵ˶
ûûɻЦӻѻͤǰ
СӡҡͷʧЦ
ˣʵڱǸɻ޳ĳκȻһЦͤΪϷ򻹵ΪԼĲǡӣо
ɻʦ֣ѾúܶˡεŮػص
ʦơɻߵŮߡŮԣ˳ӵϸۡ
ɻִ˶Էϣ
ԼĪʮϢɻջ֣¶Цݣ˵ͷţϵĻ㲻֮еɱ¾ϢҲѾĲˡչȥԼĪаңͿȬˡ
Ůӵϣ¶˿ĵЦݡ
ɻ˳ΣȻɿһڿɲܺһҪúͬʲôģʹá
ŮһʱߺգͷϾʹȥ̧̧ˡ
СӣҲһ죬
һһС˽ߵģɻĴЦ
εĿЦҡͷƬ֮ŵˣûġ˶٣ֵ̽ô˵䣬ҲһЩ
ɻԣЦҲһЩ˵ͷһЩˡ
ôξʱһ
ʱһֱڲҵոְصĵ˭ϾСƣĺܣְҲָɣҵĽһʱҲԴֱ̽գҵˡ
Σ
ݡ
ݣ¶ֲš
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죬ȴû˵ʲôֻɫ֮䣬Ȼżš
ɻЦҡҡͷŰɣʵҲָоû뵽Сӻز¶
˶٣ŵ⻰֮ȥĴһйݵ顭֪ԭڳʱ򣬾ǰҵҩȫƷҩҳɹʶǼߡſڷֵĽַԼ̫һӢ񵤵ĵ
ԣа˲ܣЩµġ
ε鸴֮ȴΡȻһ̾ѪŸϼһź󱲵뷨šû뵽ôһ顭˵ţҡҡͷп
ȥҹ֮Ͼ뿪šҹƣҲ֪Լ뿪ʱȽϳһЩϻأԲŻὫҰɡɻЦ
Ҳ˵ͷЩʲôƬ֮ͻȻɻ˵ַһַ
⣬ɻһ𣬶ԵԵĶзֱ֮࣬˲ţַɹʽԱ֤߲˲ϣ
ôһȻʦȴҲ֪ĳɹж͡
ɻ˵ͷüͷԥƬ֮ŵһɡַֻ᪻ţϸ𡭡
᪻ţεҲһ
ϴȥ᪻ȡҩȴʧܸա֮ǰȥҩջǱ˷֣һ·׷ɱ΢Ҿ˶ǸˣǿһŸߵȼġӡ򡱣Ű᪻ŵ׷ɱ᪻ŵʵΡ
û뵽µĽַȻԷ˹ϵ
û᪻šɻ˵ͷңǴйϸֻ£洫ӣܵô
üͷ˼ǣ
ɻĬһͻȻΣȷݵݸɾô
Ըɾ붼û룬ȻҾͻ֮ʱ᪻Ⱦȴ٣û˰
ɻ˴Ҳ˵ͷ
Ҳǣ᪻ȾҲַܽȶóˡӣлһЩ桭


579 
˵ĬһԵŮҲֻţδ˵
֮εַ֪ˣҪ⴫һеݻ֮˵
֪ɻ˵ͷ
ˣûʲôȻȥɡ
šɻ˵ͷվŤͷһ֮ȴͻȻЦˣҲʲô˵£ݻһȻˡڵҪǺúӣϽģԺ˵
΢΢һ¶Цݣ˵ͷһԵҶ΢
ˡ
˵䣬ɻߵͤ⡣˸֮ǾͻѻʱһԾ˻ѻ
ɻʦߡҶʱŸ˵
ˣˡӺɻ˻֣ѻһᣬǷ˳ȥƬ̺ʧ
ɻ뿪֮ҶŤͷΣźѯʣʦ磬˵ݣ˭ΪҲʶ
Ҷ˳һ˽̸ʱǴϲġʲô飬ȵ֮Żѯʡ
ݡ̧ͷ˿죬̾ԼǵĶ˰ɡ
˵֮Ե

ս֮ݲ˿ͣٷ롣
ʶΧ񼫴һ·ȥȴ˲սеģȴǵǿߵս
ã̫֮ǿֻгͨʶ̽ˣȴû͡
һ·ȥֻҪսԶԶ뿪£ֻƼٽ֦
ɢ̣ޱơѾЩȲҪϻ޼ңȻ뵢顣
ȻҪǡ
ЩԤС뿪ǽɫռ䣬ֵһƬѪɫȴʵڽͻ
ؿռ֮жɴѣصСлѣռ֮һƬǺ뿪Ǻһ˲䣬ȴǿһƬѪɫ
ǿߣͨһЩطԿ͸ȥδףʧԭ򣬾ǵѾ뷨ڤڤ֮УѾܹ͸֮еһЩ仯
ݹȻⷽɣڶɽٵһ˲䣬һ˲䣬һۣǿԿȥδġ
ƬѪɫһۿġ
ѪɫʲôҲ֪ʵʲôҲ֪ģͷȴȻֲ·кҪĶȥ
ݸоҪĶϲࡣ󲿷֣޼ҡ
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ʶֻҪϵǿߣڵһʱ˻޿ԻǼΪȫġֻֻһСָ·ʣµģȴһֱѧ
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ˮӡݿõóֵΨһһʼҪоģһ֮ȴüͷ
ֻΪ֮ͨݷ֣ҪǿսҪԽһκΣݶԽûʲôԡ漴ֻѡˮӡ
ˮӡڽ洫ʱһˮϵƷױҪһƷƷ
֮ǰһֱŬԼΪŹȴǷһԡǰ׷һսȴǷ֡ȻԼ֮㹻ǿܹѹƵǿߡȥĻҲǰ״
ڵߣ˲ˡ˵ǵǿˡԷվǰֻҲ˲˶Էһ˿ë
ԣĶ̰塣
⣬Ҳݵĵһѡ񲢷ˮӡԭ
ϾˮӡΪˮϵʵ㲻ǿΪǿǹ
ŵ쾳ΪŹ޷е߲ΣƷƷԣ𶼲̫󡣼ȻˣȻҪѡǰڹǿһЩ
ڿ⡱Ҫʱ֪Ҫ޳⹦һ֮֮£ˮӡֻҪˮϵķͶ׼һЩȻѡˡ
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ݾͳˮӡһСˮƼ䡱ʽ֮УĦַ仯
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ݣйһַʽԺϳݻܴﵽʲô̶ȡ
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δһɲ䡣Ƕڡӡ䡱๦ԣˡ
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սıǿȡȵȣ㶼ŷ仯仯
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ĳߴϥǳ֮£˫ۡ
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ķ֮ķΪԽߣбķ似ȻҲԽ졣ʩչҲԽǣķҲԽǿ
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ݾǰоˮӡϾˮԴĵ䡣һҲͬʱǹԼ쾳ڵΪ
УݵȻڲͣš
ˮԴĵֱ仯Ӧˮӡһеֱ仯໥Ӧ֮£໥ߡ
֪֮䣬ݵΪѾȫ̡ʼŸ쾳ڣʼơ

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580 𾪣
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콣佣ڵڴеӶ˶֪佣ûɽ֮䣬һЧȻܿ͸䱾ʵģȴǲࡣ
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Ե佣ɣаšУ¶־̾Ȼ괫еţݵ̣ʵˡ
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һ˵˵ͷͬ¶̾ǰ౦ǿǷǳѵõİ
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һĿǾʱȳ򣬰·һڵ飬ݵڿնȥ

Ӧְصӣݱһ·Լġ츣ءȥ
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ݵʶδɢȥڣǵ͵һЩȽϺáˣĴȴҲǰ׸ġһ·˲δֹ顣
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ţ˿ҲˣȻֻһСˡ̫̫˽ĶҲ̫̫ǿĶĴڡ
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581 
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Ҫ֪佣ҲֻһСϺ׶ѡ
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Ϊ˲ҶܣķٶȣȴǼ

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ϾѾ佣ڵ洫ӣʦ֮УҲһ㱣֮ûСֻҪԼ˵Ҳַ֪᪻š֪ˣԼΣ
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ңҲţβԼ
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ôˣȻ֪ԷǿʲôһЦɻ
֮ôôôǿεɴ۾дŲ˼顣


582 Ʒ
һԵҶһ˵Ҳʱ׹ԼΪλоˡ
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ЩˡǺǣˣЩȲ˵ȥ˵ɡһЦ
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һԵҶҲĿݵĶһ˫۾ʱʱĿһۣҲЩ档
̸ݣ˵Էߵˣ̶ʱ䣬Ǵӵһ쾳۷ĳ̶ȣ˾ȡ˵ԷпԼĶˡ֮ʦ绰֮жݵ׽Լ
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ε˵ͷһ¶ЦݣԶȻǺò衣
ҲΪ֮ˣƽҲϲƷڡȵĲ裬ɾͲԼŪģΧŪĹƷ仰˵Ǵ󻪹Ʒ㴼ȻǹƷҪǿһﲻֹ
ٻҲǷ֮£в㡣Եֵ⾳ȴҪ߳Ʒ費ˡ֮£Ҳѷ
ţĺ㡣һԵҶҲһµĵ˵ͷ
ٻζŨ㴼ȣζζţȴŮӿζ۲ˮǲҶ㶼аٻŮӳã˳ѪյĹЧǲһЦ


583 ȱǮ
Ҷ뿪ˡ
ֱҲûʳй귽顣ϾҲǲµˣ֮ǰһ׷ʣһΪʵ׽ûʲôģȻҲ⡣ҲΪ̫𾪡
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һӡݵһһɳ࣬ɵû뵤¯֮Уתݡ
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Ȼһ֮е꾪ѣæ̧ͷǰȥһ֮£ٶɵˡ
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һɺ⣬ƵģЩĵȻѸٵӵꡭ

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ֻһ֣âȻЩ˾ֱӱŵʱģ˱
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ݲ۵һľ֮ɫȴһ̾δ˵ʲôָָ̧ԶոսԺľվ˺Ժſڵӵܡ
ղţҲ𣿡
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СݡƿмĿݣۿ΢΢죺㣬ֻ±̼Ҿ͡
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ݿˣеɱ⣬ȴԽŨ
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ҡҡͷȻűݰֵ⹫ȸĸȥЪϢɡｻǾǡ
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ʱӱżΧ𣬱ſǱʴļ˰Ȼݸĵҩǡ

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⻰һΧҳݶһĿҡ
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һݲ˵ɫһ䡣һԷ⻰˵䣡æֵ̿Ŀˣλǰң
ȻݻеˡԷҪҸϾɱ
ԭҪشģߺһȴֳһ˿ԥ
չأԷԼͬһεǿߣʵڲòֽȥġһ뵽⼸ҶԼҲǱϹϾǺľʹ˾ܾȴҲЩҲסԥ
ȴҲҵֻǾĿźꡣ
Ƭ֮Ǻ¾ֵ¡šףҲ׽ȴҲмֽ顣֪ʦӺεأ֪ⲻϹأпܵĻܸܲ¼ֱ棬Ϣһ˿·
⻰üͷȴ΢΢һĮҪҳͷ


594 Ʒ
ꡰסüͷʱ΢΢һ壬жʱӹһ˿áݵĻУȴ˼˿вζ
Сӣʲô˼һԵİ꣬ȴ̲ס¶ŭݣȵʦֺ˵ǸӣҪ
üͷʱһ壬ĿֱӳŰ꿴ȥͬηĻض˻ȥ
ʦܡһԵĺȴüͷһ壬˰ꡣ
ʦ֣СӲʶô硭
ȻĻδ˵꣬Ѿ΢΢ֹ̧̧֣Ļ΢֮ıҲЩͳҲ̸ϳͷֻνԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬֻµһ飬Ѳ飬ɵ²δ˵ֻǡ˵Ŀ΢΢δ̸ʦӺεأһʦҡšоɣ˸飬ȴǲá˵Ҳ
׵ڶ̸Լʦš
ʵ⡰šҲŹġǴܱߵһСɡ˵Сɣ佣ȡʵϣŵǲСڴ󻪹ϷӵмǱȽϵĻӦκңżȲεļ൱
⻰ȴǶ࿴ۣа׳ͣǣȴǰֲ
˵⻰˼
һ̽ݵĵϸȴѾмְҵ˼ˡ
Сһ̸˵ˡ˸顱ĻǸݣʦŲ罣ţôͷʦŸǿôҾȻνӲԱûйֵĵݣͬʱҲûԼӡ
Ǻüƽϡ
ݿһۡȴЩ㡣
ԲηˣΪĪ˵ԷֻߣȻǿߣΣ
ֻ˳ţһΪﵽسڣһȴǵغڣĴݻû֮ܽ¡
ң˳ͻһսָڵ˹עʱȴ鷳
в֮ˣңֻΪ֮ˡ
뵽Ȼԭǡšʦ֪֡ʦ֣ϵ
΢΢һͼݺһֻ֡ᡱһ֮һɫϸɢűâߡһϸ׵Ŀ⣬ʱ΢΢һ¶𶯣
ƽԱߵİ꣬ȴǾĿʱ¶֮ɫ
ԭ佣ڵʦ֡׽Ļ
ϸǵݳΪ洫֮ʦŴǱƷǽƽ
ÿһ佣洫ӣӵһ
ƷȻߣȴ˵佣ڵ֮ʱʾԼݵһƷ󻪹ܱߵɣ壬ϵô˽ġ
ʱǰ꣬Ȼϳˡ
佣ڣ
׵ĻĴ˴֮˵ĶС仰˵ɫǲȻ䣬һϵѪɫһ˲䣬Ѿʧ˸ɸɾ
佣ڣʲô
Ҫ֪ǿǴ󻪹ǿ֮һᲢ۵ĳ
˵һңȻ׵ʦŽţҲԲ׿佣ڣ
ʱһ佣ڵĵӣȴɱҵţ⡭
˴סˣ򻺻ջ˳ĮĵˡʦֿɻҪһ˻ˮ
ɫ䣬мѿ˼ת֮󣬱;ãΪһң佣ڵĵӣ㡣
뵽ѿĵˣ͸ǡ
˵꣬һ֣Ǹɴȥ󣬰ҲæȥɫҲԵмѿ
λǰλǰһ˾ȻֱӾôˣʱˡ
ˣ˵Ψһϣˣ˵Ļô죿
ߵеͣһۣЩ˻ƵĵǸ³Ϸ˵꣬ߣٻͷ
ҵ䣬ۿ˾Ҫ߳󣬸ǻˡֻݼ֮󣬺ȻһҧֻҪλǰңԸһƷΪл
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ĸ֣ʱԭѾ̤ſڵ꣬ŲʱȻֹݣҲһ¶һ˿š
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Ȼȴ͵һֹ̧֣ĻĿĶ꣬ƷֻҪλǰɱˣҳΪһңұ˫ַϣƷ
ҲˣѾ֮ʣ佣ڵĵӣȻҪϾɱġƷȻ嶼ˣرкã
ȻҲһƷֻĽǣɱݣԼҳΪһң
Ҳţף޷ܾ
ʵ֤ˡףȷˣ
Ʒʲôǿǵڰ쾳ľǿߣƵıӵһƷôǹǷֻǸģʵõĽΪһȱĪ˵ֻһ佣ڵĵӣȻǵ佣ڣҲֵð
ֻǡ
౦Ȼڸ֮УҲǼΪѵõıССһңӵȱ
ǣƷ׵Уʱ¶˺ɫâĶҡ
ǰæ˵ǰʵǰʲôã
ԶʱĬԼʵҶȻƭԼɱ佣ڵĵӣȴòҪԼŭ֮У
Ƚóǲŵġȴ̲סˣ¶Ṵ̃ۿĺȵ
Ȼ⣬һ֮ȴһҧȿǲܵġǰ¡ϾλǰǰҸûһ˿ء˵˵ȥҲĻ޷һǲæֻ˱ߣ˷۱
ϻ˵ǿô֪ûƭǣȴô࣬۾һɣʱȵ
һףĿһԳеס
ǰ
㣬ҿҪȻȴ׷
ˡװ˰֣ӳ̧ͷ˰Ļ֮Ķңĵƭңô£ٲһڡһȫ壡
ݶʱһףȻҧͷ
ˣһֱĬҲˣңӦһƷˡԼ쭣֮е˿϶ҪģôˣԼ治һһһɱȴȻɱ¾Ե˵ȻͻһҴӦȻԷ顣
ССһңȻƷ⻹⡭
ݲ뵽Լǧ֮⣬ֻ¯ˡһ֣ȷӵųǿ
֪ƷǹģǷֻģһ֣ܵõͶʱܹˡҵǿȣֻ²ñȵǿҪ
ݣҲĶˡ


595 ⶯
ûġ
Ѿɣȱٵȱٵǹƣͬȱģй
ƾǿֱ֮ѹڵߴ򡣵գΪǿȲ޷ƿԷķղòѡ뿪ǺεΣ
ʱӵһƷôȫд
Ҫ֪͵ƷսһܵõǽֱֲϵĲ㡣
˵õһƷݶӵֱµκǿߵˡ
ϵǿߣѰϣʱ޾£ķѪƳһıܼˣ
ݵ˼ʱ֪ҪõⱦסҪӦԵģŵˡ

ͷɿӹЩ뷨ͬʱҲǰ깵ͨš
ʦܡ괫һԵİɫʱһæҲʶʦ֣
Ҳ֪̫ǿ޷͸ΪӦ򵥡ǼȻҪǱͲòԴˡΪѱǳӸղŵĹԼڵҡ佣ڵĵӣҲ֪ʲô֡ԡԣһ֣Ҫ̵ʱｫնɱսڻ򶼸ˣֻҪ鷳
ɫһתķɿ죬Ȼ󲻶ɫʦ֣˵Ҫô죿
ɱ֣׺ɣõҩͬʱֱ֣ӳɱ֣˲ս˵õӦȸϹʱһжѾҲͲٳʲôʡأҵӦǴˣ֪ô
תһ£ã
šһ˶֮ȴȻо仰ȴҪ˵ǰ档
Ȼѡ֣Ҿϣ֪Щʲô㣬ҪȽ佣ڵɱҶ鷳֮Сʱ򷴶͵סһеȱﵽ֮˵㶮ҵ˼˵׵Ҳ΢΢ͳȥ
ʱһ΢΢һȻǲˡ
ΪףƷջ̫˵õǲܵġʵ뷨սܾ֮ټˡ
ȴֱ׵ĵ˳֮һ˿в֮⡣ôĳĻ׵һʱͻŪõʱֱӳˡǸʱΣˡ
ֵʧеʯһתһѾЩϡ
ƷȻˣҪȴײ֮ɱ˸ǲգۡٻЩ顣ҪܵõƷȻҡԼϺȣôһãõǱ˵
˾ϣ굹Ҳæ֤ʦַģлʶãҺ
á׶ʱĴһ˫۾ݡ
ʱҲ˶ˡ
ңȱһ°ɡ
׿ݣȻĮĳ˵
һԵҵԣӶʱһһһֱĬŵݡȻ̽ų̽ȥ
ݸûʲô۾һæӿٶȡֻƬ֮󣬾Ѿֻʣݵˡ
ֵǺǡѾ뿪׺Ȼ¶ЦݡȻЦ֮Уȴһ˿ζп᣺ѵ־Ͳӵ
ӲݵĮ˵
ˣԶϵΪʶһͷٶܱʮﷶΧȻҵ뿪ܲʶʱ̼ӡ˵ҵˣǲӵġ
ݵʶΧǴﵽ˵ϰٹӵзбЩܣӳļӣȻ͸ˡ
âһƬ֮ĵƲģҲӦ׼˰ɣ
ȷʵģҶĶˡ̹ȻͷȴĮȻʱ̰˲ء
һĿɭ䣺ΪΪʳ佣ڵӸΪĳʦֵܣ˵ȴҪֽһˡ˵ţϣĵһɺƵ֮ķ򲨶ɫâ֡
Եİꡰл¶пЦҲͬʱת𹦷һ䲻ףȴҲ㹻ǿķ򲨶ϵ𣬶ڵģȴɫâȻеľϵ
֪ͺá
ݵ˵꣬ҲһŨıɫâΪķ򲨶Ҳǽ
ŭʱһ漴ȴһͽѿ֮ڵΪҲҷŴ˴ԣ˵꣬ȴδ
ĿһĮǲǴԣԲ֪
Ŀһ¶һ˿ݣȥЩĪ⡣ѵʲôʤǿĺУ
һۣϣȴòˡ
ϣ
Ҳٶԣһ֮󣬵ȱֻġ䡱һը죬ЯһƬ¶ȵĺɫ棬ݾ˹ȥ
ȥ
лҲߺһϵɫâʱǱ

ңѵҪǱǣ
ѾԶҵĳǣʱңɫ
ʵ⡣˵ĵزΣգĻ᲻ᱻ壬˵֮䡣
׳ƷȴǽĴ˶ҵ֮Свǵ֮ôͿ
ҳ϶⡣
֪ǵĵġվסΣŤͷԶȻƽ󣬶Ѿ̶ֳˣʲô취
ʲôг϶һŭѵңû뵽һ㣿
λϣ֪ʲôҴǵĻǿ϶Ϊ佣ڵĵӣһҸϾɱƷĽУٲ԰ɣ
λҳϣһ漴һ˵ûҿȻЯŭɱ֮ˡңһͻնɱƷȴԻὫСȻ㶼֪Ϊʲô
𣿡ҿǳϣĻ
ǳ϶ʱһĿҡ
Ƿնɱ𣿡ϸֳЦȻǷŹҺ󱲣Ǽܻô
㣬
һҳڴ˴֮󣬺ȻʶʲôŵĿҡ
ҿЦһ̹Ȼͷ˭
λҳͷһͣķȴҲû˵Լ
ֻǣԷԷȴԽܡ
峤һг㶼Ӧýǰ档ȻȴԼ˵һλϧ׳ƷΣյУȴֻΪ˱Լ⣬ʶ
˶ңУ˼İ


596 һж
ҿǵеİϵĿЦʢΡȻһ̧̾ͷ
ңұΪһҡʵǶ֪ңһƴ֮Ȼ˵
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ҿ˿ǣʵЩ꣬뷽ҵĳ϶ôǣΪʲôûд
һһȻʶʲô۵˵
ҵ˵ͷһΪ໥ǣƣҪģΪһȺϼһﻹڣ
ǶˣԼ룬ңҲȡʲôֶΣ
ҳϣʱݡһԣˡ
ЩϣܱΪһңΪȺϼһڣЩǶǶҴѹϣҷչ̶ֳȡ
أ
һұ壬û˿𣡡նĵ
ΪҲ֪׳˾ƷὫУңʲô취
һҵõϢһʱͻʱûκһҵ˿Իȥ
ұ壬ʱƴһѣҵУҲ¶һ˿񣺡Ȼó֮Ϊ˵仰ϾܿǱȽظġ
ֻҪɱ佣ڵСӣǽƷ˫ַϣͺпܻңҲΪҡҪֻ࣬Ҫɱҵߣ㹻ˣ
ʱҾͽΪĵһң
ȻʧľƷ⣬Ѿõ³
ңܲǵ
˵һ̾ͣΧҳϣȴסˡ
û뵽ҾȻǵô
֮˵ͷҵУٶȶ˼־塣ȴҲ
䣡
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춯أİһĲһĴݳгϵģȴ
ⳡսҵˡ
һ죬ΪһңһǧɣŷЯ壿
һУⳡս֮󣬵ó

׵һȥƴЯųߵ¶ȡһ֪
׵ٶ̫ˣֻһ˲䣬ЯǿܵĽѾǰ
ݶʱһҲ룬ָֻһţһ֣ʱһɫСܣһƬӰͷ
䣡
âݺݵײɫС֮ܶϣ񱩵˲ɢȥһ˲Ǳ񱩵̮һ¡Уݻ¥󣬱һ棡
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һЧ״ϲҲȥطĵҩܽɱˣ
뵽׵Ҳ¶֮ɫҩѵãˣٺò
һˣԲݴϢĻᣬֻЯŸΪŨĺɫâǿӵϣ
֣㳢ҽŵľС׽ָһ
׿Դ󷢵ĺţֻڿжһͣ漴µĺɫâ˲ͬһ㣬ӵгۡԭɫĳ㣬һ˲䣬ȻǱ˰ɫʸߵ¶ȣ˲Ѿɷȼ
׽֮
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ݵĿ⣬˲˽ɫӴʶһ˲䣬ɢ˳ȥʱĽɫʸʱֱлȥͬʱٶһʮףл¶˰׻âǰ
ߣ׷ġһǶʱ¶һ˿мЦҲݵĿˡȻ쿪ҪԼ֣ɱлѵ֪ԼĻ֮ȫԼֻҪԼһ
Ȼͷδת꣬Ȼһҵľʹ˲ϯĴԣ
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лͬҲͷһƬհ׵ľʹ֮С׻âһ̣ʧȥ˿ơ


597 
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䣡
׻â˲ϮʹлһҺĻᶼûУֱӣըƬ
ıըͷһƬհ׵ףۿ֮۾ȴ˲Բʦܣ
ϻʹ飬ŵĿǰһĻ
лıɱˣ

һɫҲ˲ʧ˸ɸɾΣѾε׵Ľǰ
˵ս֮ǰ׶ʲôͬĻôǡ̵ʱɱԷܵȶڵ˸ϵ
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ĿһʱҪʲôĿһ붼û룬ֻͻȻһɫâȻڿն𣬳һȥ
׷šһ֣ױȵԹŭ

֮û֮ϣѵĵȴšǱߴһײȴ·һδײһ㡣
ΪǺսʤҵǣܲģ
СӣѵҪϾɱ𣿣
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ҵݸ䣬漴һҧʱӣˣӣ
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ȻʱֻǰȻһһӰ޷ٶȣ˲һ֮󣬰εض𣬳
ֱǺӰѾߣ˻عһ֮ɫʱ䣡
ңұץȥˣ
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˵ľŮ˵ļУӵĴޣ˵Ĵ͡Ȼиˣ֪ô£һ֮һƬڰ֮С
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һг䶨ʱѾʧˡ
ǵģȫȫʧĸַ֮ϣµһƬͺͺģںģ·ɽͷƹһ㡭
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߿֮Уݸ·ʧ˵ң֮̾Ϣһ
£Ѿ˵ҡļ·ǣľżûһ˿ꡣֻǴĿ·ң͵Ŀ⣬͵顣
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֣ҶѾƹһĵ֮ϣӴʶʱ˳ȥ
Ƭ֮۾һֶʱһץֻмĵʱ΢΢һƬ֮⻪ݵһǰ
һͭ
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Ƿǳѵõģ佣ڣҲֻ˲ӵСΪ洫ӣȴûиȻССһţӣȻЯŴȷͦȵġ
ݼ˵ϵġͭȴͲ̫˭ˣ־ЩʲôЧǲ
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598 ѻ
ҵΪѾȫԪգȥͬһͨʮͷﻹа֮ǰһ֮緢
ǰһƬҵ۾ûаֵɣôڵϣҲûзӦ㽫ڵϣ飬Ҳûκεı仯
ĪһΪҲģơٵͷȴһ˭Ҳܰɣ
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˵ףݲһɱԵˡѾ׵Աȫֻʣµһ˶ѡҪ˵ѵѾˡ
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ֻʮӣݵĿȻһâɢ
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Īƿǰȫһ콹أ֮ϣֻܿպ˵أȴһߣһľмһ˿ֲҲһȥ·𱻻ɽҽǹһһ㡣Щطðź̡
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ĪҲͷһ󣬶˵ͷԭرġ˵Աˡ
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ǧͬɻĵ˵ͷ·ǿߣ໥ǳң˴սһԣǲ˿ֵܼġȻǿƹأҶĬ
ߣһ֮⣬˿ܼսǶͨ˶ԣһ֡ԣһ˵ر̬ɱԵˣгҪҲѡ˵ĻҰ֮ս
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599 ռ䶴
ѵպˣĪв²⡣ͷһڵλãԱһһҵļ䣬ϡ֣ƺд͵
ҲԣĿˣҲӦû»طӦҴ֡浽ԱĪҡҡͷƷԼĲ²⡣
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ӦþҿԺҼеĳȷԼѾ˴еĿĵء
ҵڸ֮ɽɽ֮ƵҲ֪δ
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ڿϸһ֮󣬲ٳɣһϣƺС
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һ£һɽ֮²ԼĪֻһҵƽ̨ɹšΣֱӴӿ£˰µ֮ŤͷȻһ±µССУƺҲһײխֻܲСְ͹ƽʵУвпܵ䵽ƺ֮Уˤøǡ
ݵԺйСļ䣬ÿطͨС·Ȼɽһ·Ҳͬһ㣬кüҵĳϣΪһʱ¡д󲿷ֶڹؼʱ̺ʯҲһǰϣޱƺˤࡣ
켶ܵϣȴˤࡣ˵Ҳ湻ɱġͬʱҲɼ·ļСߣһˤȥ
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ȴߵ˽ǰϸ۲Ƭָֻ֮Ȼӡ任䣬һ˿ɫ˿ߡţֻȻλζֻžžžžһ죬ԼٶĻ±ڵĸ䡣ʮ֮һΣصԭأȻĿ±ڡ
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һûáƻռʯ
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νġռ족ɲʲôõط翴һƬռ䣬ʵȴĿռ䡣ռ䣬Ȼͻ졣ЩطӯżΪҵĿռвȻǾǿߣпܱ˺ѳƬ궼Ҫ
ȻеĿռѷգЩռѷȴ԰ȫΪֱռѷ죬˵ֱϾռ䷨߷֮һŨĺܣͬҲΪݡЩطҲνġ֮ءֳ֮Ϊ֮ء
ȻЩݻЩңԶ£ȴ֮ǰĻ


600 ɫ
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ǿйȲ˵µĹ޷ռʯġ㹻ˣʲôãѵҪЩﶪռѷ֮ȥȻͱ˲֪ĸؾ֮еļһ
Һѻҡٳɣһˮһ㵴±֮С
ݵĿ룬Ҳʧ

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һСĶʮȸֻҡȻʮף׵С֮У±֮ϣȴССǶ°ٿҹ顣͵Ĺâӳյӡ
ȻݵĿ⣬ȴδЩҹͣĿ⣬ֱԽʮ׵Ŀռ䣬һʯ
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ʱЦʲ˵ӦҲԵúǸˣЦһ֮ŰȻ˵ûұǴ˽Ľ飡󱲣ҪΪ


601 뵿ռ
΢΢һû뵽⽣ȻԶҪΪӹһ˿Ź֣ǵ˵ͷ̹Եǵġ
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ΪЩǿԭ˸Ѿµһ˿ӡǣµţǲȱȫ˸񣬻򼫶׶񣬻򼫶ܱ˸תģȴǼ١
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ʱ򡭡ҪԼԼ̲ԼҲ˿ķֱ󣬶Էõ֮޸ԺˡԼΪ֮ĴӴɢؼ䡭
Ҫ֪˵ǴɵȴкܶȱȴѲ䣬Ϊεһʱ䡣һûǿӡǣûлֻתǵھɢؼ˰
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еĽɫâʱԹâɵ̬Ȼɢ˳ȥ˲䣬ǽռ䣬ӳճһƬɫ
ʱݲ㽫ռ俴˸ͨ͸
ֻһ޼ʵĿռ֮УһźɫɣЩдСģҲǧٹ֡
ЩԭƽֻǾƯڿռ֮СȻݵҫϵʱЩ뵣ȴ·һ˲˹Ť
Լ֮䣬һҽУ
һݵݶʱ΢䣬ûһ˿оһռ䣬һȺħ֮ءһŵ뵣ͷ·һħ˵
ͷһҪ̲ס֡
Сջ깥ջأ
Ȼʱһ֮Уٶǻʱ֮Уȴһ˿Ľ
ֻ뵷Ĳţڽ˸֮£ǷŤı渡ֳһϹ⣬Ϲ·ĳɫɣڽ£Ĳţ·ʱпɢ
ߣ˵ˣԭҪֵĶͣнâ磬գĥˣͷ֮ޣ
ְ֣ͣͣҪ𣿣ݱĻ뵣ǽ˳

ͷһâɿӹܷŤĺɫ뵣һ˿һ֣о·Щɫ֮У·ĳЩµĶһ㣬·ʱпƿܳȥ
δң鲻ĵĮʲôҪԻڡ˵ʲôҶὫĥˣ
ҷƭ㣬ҳϣҼʵȷ̰ͣ£򣬷ˣȵЩ屻ųȥǾ´ˣͣ£ͣ°Խ˳֮еĽԽ
壿ͷʱһ
ѵЩɫ֮УȻ壿
뵽Ҳ֮
ɫâ糱ˮʣռ䣬ٶȻָһƬڰŽɫâһ֮еҽУɢЩƬ֮󣬱ǳȥ
ռ䣬ָһƬڰ
ˣݵͷʱһɡ
գաǻٶ𡣶һΣ֮УȴһŨŨĺ֮⡣
΢΢˶٣ȴǺȻŭС֪֪ղŲʹҪЩӡȥ඼Ҫ𣡵ʱˣ
ɫʱһ䣬һ֮жʱٶһ˿â
𣬱𣬱嶯Ȼܹݵı飬һеĽɫâʱһŭҲ˲
еĽâȴٶɢֻתݣĵʲô壬Ҳ֪㲻һգȻʲôѷ⣬ҲҪĥ𡣡
ݴԣȻŻֲͷ࣬ȷҲԼЩɫ֮мΪֲĶڡӡȻûصԵĸ࣬һѣȴǿܵġԲôûзִĲܲ˵ĽЩֲųȥ
ǲƺΪЩռ䣬⵹ݺǺˡ
Ǹʲôڣ


602 Ϸ
Ҳռ֮УȴΧĺɫеﲻһܹ˽ôЩѷӡ֮䣬ǷԵúǹġ
ȻǹѣֻһڣݣʵΪ˱ԼȴͲʮˡ
ݻǴô˵
壿ʲô壿ʲôĴڣ
ݵ֮˸Žâȴ
⡭⡭ԵЩڰģҪ˵ʲôȴ˵ȷЩˡ
⡱˰죬Ҳδ˵һĻȴݵüͷЩͣĮ㲻֪ôͷôʲôͻشʲôɺã
ãáʰɡ仰ʱһȻæʾ
㾿˭ݿڣֱѯ˳
ȴȻĬĬãѾЩ͵ʱڳһ̾˭Ҳҵļƺʧ˴롣ҺǸˣֺĽ顭޷϶˵ʱҲһ˿ꡣȻ⣬ԼҲЩᡣ
ֺ࣬ǽ飿ݵüͷʱ΢΢һ壬Բ̫⡣˶֮󣬻ǽʵôղջӡĿΪΪ
ǻֳĬһȻƵĵǡĿġΪ˶ᡣ
ֱ׵˵ԼĿģֻŭһ󷭹̲סҪ֡ת䣬ǿ¡
ռ便ǸʲôãҲ֪ǲΪĴڣѹЩɫеĿֲȻǲ
ңռǺ棬Ŀǰȴֻܽ⿪еˡ
ĬƬ֮Żʵʲôطʲôռ壬־ʲô£
һ£ѯΪؼ⡣
ٶȳĬˣ֮εĿЦ⣬Ҷ޷ش֮ǰ˵ҵļѾʧ˴룬Ⲣڲƭ㡣Щ𰸵ļ䣬þķΧ֮ڡֻϡļǵãռ󷨿ռ䡣ǣʲôЩʲôȴǲǵˡ
ǵãݵ۾ʱ΢΢кâ˸һ䶼ǵãҪң˵ţеĽâ˸
ûƭ㣡æѾǵˡʱ򣬾ѾռռĵȵȣѾûκӡˣ
˵ࣿǵˣ뷨ȴһ
Դ˴ֹּ֮ǵǰ࡭
ߣݶʱһߣҪ
𣬱㣬Ҫô˵ĻʱˡƺĺһΡ
ܼ򵥣֤ݡĿ΢
֤ݣңʲô֤ݰɥšĺɫ뵣ʱŤȻҲż
ĿӹĮ֤ݺܼ򵥡㲻˵ĽôȻǽ飬ǶȻꡭһԶΪ
ʲôһ룿Уǻæ
ߣȻƭңݲȻŭҪ
ǣ뵶ʱһæ͵ҲϡҾ꣬ҪѹЩ壬һĻЩʱҪƷ㲻ҪôֻҪΪˣ
Ŀ΢Ȼ˿ûжݣߵ֮ǰƭңҪҵᡣô㣿
ǣ˵ô찡Ҫˣ֮Բܷһ룬ܸоЩѾԽԽǿ֮ҸٷӡЩ塣ʱ򣬴ɣҶе𡣡
һ벻УĿ䣬ɨһۺǾͰԪңһұ֤ȡһȷɹܷһЩ֮ѹ塣
⡭ȻˣԥĲ֪òôӦҪ
ߣȻƭңԥаһٳɣһߣ⣬ʱӿ
ʱռٶȱɫâӳյӣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ԭųĿռ䣬ٶһ㡣Сһĺɫ뵷ŤţԼ䣬Ƿ·ԶŵҲϯռ䡣
֣ͣͣ֡ҴӦҴӦʱҵĴĺɫ뵣ǶϴģٶȸһϹ
һ֮ʱ˻ռ䣬ٶȻָȫĺڰҲ֪ǲǻþãЩɫ֮дһ˿ʧѾ֮ǰǰ㴿
Ҳ֪Щ徿ʲôΪʲôҵܸ֮Ǵֱ仯ͷһݵͬʱְ֡
ʱǹʱֻ֮ʲô⣬ѯʡڣҪԸġ
һˣݵĿǺɫ뵣ֹʲôŹ֡
ݵĳĬ֮Ť뵻ƽȻֻһ̾ϣ˵Ԫ飬걾ˣ㽫֮ȫյĻһʧЩӡķӡҲʧ˵Ҳ֣ҾΣˣĽѾڵ£
ġĿ΢Ȼ󵭵ĵ֮ҵСֻҪֳĳ⣬ҵŵԣֳһѹЩ塣
ǡ鷳ˡЦһȻ󣬳Ĭȥ
ݾš
ֻŻƬɫ뵣ʱƶʱݵĽǰݾĿţȻʵϣͷȴڷ״̬
˵Ļʵǰ֮ҪȫҲǲܵġ˵ʲôһЩ˼Ҫеġ
ֻнɫâǱĺܽвԣͻٶȷ
Ϊ˷ֹĺɫֲҲڵһʱ䣬뿪ռ䡣֮󣬾취ˡ
ţǺڰѾĸǰ
ֻת㷭·𷭶ǳһ㣬⵹šƬ̣ȻһɫĹâݵǰĿϸһʱǿǷϹ塣
һɫĹ飬ܱߣһƬɫķģȻ˷˳ȥȥض档
ȻһĻʱݻȻ򡪡ԭ޴ɫ뵣Ƿźɫ뵵ɫ


603 
ѹ֣ҵĹ뵣԰Щ塭ԭɫȹȻǺɫڵ塭ɫ飬лȻ
ݵĿ˳ɫӶȥɫȥԼɼԴΪԲģɫķļռ䶼˵Сһ󾫴Ӵ֮֮УݣҲеѹ
ҹӲǲܷͷ΢¶Ļ˼֡
ҵԪ顭ϣسŵҳܲ˲˵ҲΪǳһɵˡżΣٶ
ֻҪ㲻ƭңԲƭ㡣ԣ䵭˵š
˵䣬ȴٳɡֻ˫ֶʱٵĶһ˿˿ɫߣУһּΪӵʽģɫԽԽ࣬ݵʮָĵԽԽ죬á
˽ӣǽɫԽԽ࣬ѾһСŹԴݵǼΪء
ĳһ̡
ӡ
ݺȻһȻâʢһΣ֮ѾԣԺɫ뵲δŤҲûдһ
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ҪݺȻ
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ԣٳɣֻȻһȵᣡֶʱǽɫţĵɫԪ֮ϡ
ţ
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ϽâҫʮϢ֮һŻָƽ
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һֻ̣ԼԺ֮кһ죬ţռ䣬·һЩʲô
ˡ
ȻݵԺ֮УʱѾһ˿𾴡ٲ֮ǰǰΡ
֪ɹˡ
ʹõǽɫţǹƪ֮еһַ䣬Ϊġ
⡰ġǿн֮Լ˱Լū͡ūͣδʧȥԼ˸񣬵ڶԷԪ֮ϵķģʱʱ̵̿Ķūͷһֶ˵ľηӶǱĬĸȾū͡
ң˵֮£ĻܹͻȻը䱬ըֱԷꡣ
Ȼ¼ū֮⣬ҲԸߵȼ飬ȫԵ¡ӡ֮һֱֶΡ
ν൱Ե
һֱڣݲų³һһֱŵģǷˡ
飬ɹˡ
˵ѹЩ壬ҿôݵʱҲΪ
ԷȻūͣȴʧȥԼ˸ΪۣܹġֻΪİˡݵҲϿ֮ˣȻѾﵽԼĿģǻԷӦе𾴡
ϸϸĻ⽣ȷֵ𾴵ĵطѹЩ岻֪꣬͹ͼˡΪ˷ֹѣԼĹʱ֣󣬻ԸΪԼūֻܼͣѹ塣ν
ȻһʼҪԼᣬûлʲô⡣һݶһŭ֮鶼Ѿʧˡ
ҲƺҲ֮еĻͣڶĵ£һָмæ˵ھͽһ˿ʱҵӽ۲ӡе塭
æ˵ţһϹ⣬ȻɫԪг׼ݵüġ
ԷѾΪԼūͣԲԼʲô졣Ϊڶĵ֮£ɱĶܻȻˡ
һϹûԼüġֱԴ΢΢һ𣬽ţһЩϢ
˫Ŀ΢գֻ΢΢֮Ȼ۾Ȼֻйâתģһ˿ɫȻ󣬶ʱԲԶһСͺɫ֮пȥ
·ƿƣԭŨĸ͸ĺɫ뵣âļӳ֮£ʱ͸˹ȥţ¶Ρ
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һѣǱȻʯ쾪һĿ񱩣ԵĸоֱǻҪ˺ѳƬģ
ݵ϶ʱ¶һ˿뺧Ȼ°ҡҺãԼδͷ࣬ǱŹ˳ȥԼɾ͡
ݳһĿջأȻֿԱߵĺɫ뵡
ЩɫдССĲֱģﵽ˽ɣ
һͷͷδĹŹݵǰ
ԺɫࣻߴɣĵĿˣ״򼣬ʮɣǧĿĹŹƤڣϸëȴ³һǧٹ֣һ㡣
ȻЩòɫɫһ㣬ȴͬǾǡЩȫ˳˯֮У̺ſƻصǿ
һţͷһ
ԽԽľһ뵽ԼղŵóȻ£ͽһȺֱͬħһųȥı̲ס飡
Ҫ֪ģֻܱߵһЩˡռ䣬޾޴ķųˣǸһֲֿ
֮ǰ˵Щһͷţࡣһʼţ֮Ѿˡ
ֻ࣬˵˵ǰ򵥣ޣһͷоݼǿߡԪҪǿἸ֣һ룬ǧϰǧġԪϲεǿߣƷ䡭ǽһֲֿ
²࣬ޣҪ
ݳ³һͣ˼ܣǽĿ⣬˻ڵĺɫ뵡
뵣ⷶΧ֮һ顣ֱѾǧɣ
ݵĿ⣬˸ɫ˵С
ˣȻһȻݵСһݵͳˣԼ۾
⡭⡭ǡ
˵еǰ磬Ǵ˵е磬ҲǴ˵еĴڣ
ഫһӵԶھǿߵ֮Ǳǵ֪һֲΡؼǿ֮һ


604 
ֻǣйĴ˵Բ֪֮ǰϹʱϹʱĪû䣬ӴҲû˼һ嵱УӵѪޣҲѪ֪ϡεȲεĴˡˣֻҪմһЩϵЩޣǶǴ½ݺ޵еĴڣ
ǰֵģһ
峤ǧɣһںڵûаֹƬšһǣߴɡ׳צӵСľ޴˫ĿıţȻȴһɼ˴ļ֮Уϡ
Ƶǰݶ仰ûʲôоȻһ̣ˡ
ڷһĺɫ֮СƵڳ˯֮УҲÿһ֮СһϢĺƵȴ˵ӡ
ɵɵĿţҲ֪˶֮󡭡
ˣ
ȻŽȻԺ֮ը졣
ͷһʱæջԼĿ⡣
һ㾪֮ʵϡղһ˲䣬ԼԷΪǧ񣬾Ȼȫȥʵ֮е壬·ˮһ㣬ˮ졣һͷԵĿ֮Уʱȫһ֮£ݸ
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һϵȻһȴĲϡ־ˡ
·һֵ͵ڸߵǰĿ־Уǰʵǿң
ݵؽҧţȻ͵ı˫ۡ
֪һ˿־ȥôľܵǰδеشȻɣҪҪһֻҲˣ
͵£Ҳ˲ûشĻʹ붨ȥ
˼֮󣬼붨ҲȻڵǿ޴ɫ뵣ȴʼΧݣ·ػ

ʱ䣬Ϣ˹ȥ
ĳһ̣붨еݣڳͻһ۾
ۣһ˿־ѾüȻһļ£ȴǳ
һ˿־壬ûа취ڶʱȫˡҪСݵһ˿üͷ֮һ̾ҰοãĿǰӡд꣬е죬ûˡš
ˣˣڴʱдһĸо
Ŀһɨֿǻڵĺɫ뵡һ뵽ͷͷһȻæ뿪ռ䣬㻹ܸϵô
ǻԴ˴ȻԡѾΪʱضԺϵ
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һ⻰ҲռȥâһѾʧ˿ռ֮С
ʯϵĺɫڣԾݵȻ˲Сüġ
ʶ֮УѾ˽ֻ֮ʣɸߴ꣬¶һ˿ЦһۣٱСǧɡ
Цҡҡͷ뿪ʶ
ĹвƣָἫģҪķʮʱ䣬ܳ׻ָˡ
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ã㹻֮һ꣬ǱȵеĵǿҪǿĶࡣԣҲûʲô̫Ӱ졣
˫ۣŤͷһܣͷһ˿Ȼɢĵ׵ĸ
š飿ݳĬƬ֮󣬺ȻԺк
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⡭żֲ˼ҵļʧ룬ѾǲԼˡ
ԭˣҸȡְɡݵ˵ͷȻ
ððһҪԼȡ֣Ȼ˼ֺӰȸԾ֮顣
һͳĴ红ӰȸԾĴЦ𣿲֪Ϊʲô仰ͷǽеһ˿ͷļ£ȻҲʧˡԻһ˵ĸо
ˣҪȡһְеˣ磬Ҳһܽѡˣû취Ĵڵġ
ɡΪݵĹϵһı˵Ĺϵͬı˻ܹͨĥڷ֮еӡշȻҲ顣Ȼݣȴ͹ϵΪˣһūҲ
仰˵Ҳĳƺ񣬶ֻһܽС
˵ݵҲ¶һ˿Цݡ΢Ƭ֮Ȼ˵Ժͽзɡ
Դ˼ּӡã֣ԺҾҪˣ
Цķǳ
Ҳ¶ЦݡûӡĲǾǺ
ݼѾȫ϶ڽǵ֮ֻƷı
Ҫ֪Ľ飬Ƿӡһζʲô
ӵоϵǿʵ֮Ǽ֪ﵽʲô̶ȡȴӡңֻ棬ڣ˵׼бǿ
⽣ֻ´ľ˰
ؽףֻߡ
뵽ݵĿ⿴һԲʯ֮еİغɫϱ鸴֮
ϲģȴѹ
ϲȻΪõһȱǸ˶ᶯġȻѹȴΪõ˽ȴһֶƵġǡģ
ģһʩչת
ͱ⣬ˣôҲʧ
һʧˣôӡǿռ֮е޾壬ҲƷ
ʱ򡭡
뵽ݺݺݵ˦˦ͷȥ
ʲô֣һƽһԼ֮ſѯʡ
Ҳǵˡ˷ܵѹȥȻŻص
Ҳǵˣٶüͷ֮Ȼ̾һˣԺ⽣ɡ


605 ɢ
ţţã֣˻ص
ҡҡͷȻ̲סʵôļʧˣ֪ʲô취ԻָʵЩڽռ壬ʵЩܡ
һ£ȻųɵҲȷֻϡǵãҵļʧƺʷɢˡɢʲôطȴЩ̫룬ܽЩ룬Ӧþָܻɣ
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šӦ
㻹ǵ÷ɢ˼ݣַɢʲôط𣿡кȻָоҪ볹׽Щ÷ָ䣬һؼ
ǵˡʵĻشжʧȻǵ÷ֳ˼ݣΪɢ걾ͬ壬໥֮иӦܽһΧ֮ڣӦþͿԸӦˡ
ݾʱһæԸӦ
šصҪһķΧ֮ڡ
һΧǶڴܸӦĵ𣿡
Ҳ̫Щ˼ȻŵǴĿռ䣬Ӧû޷赲ҵĸӦ
ԭˡͷ΢һ¡޷赲Ǿͼ򵥶ˡ
Ȼ򵥣ԶԵġʵϣȴء
֮õѾ֮ˣҪȥѰҷꣿǿĺˡ
Ҳ֪Ϊѹ޾޵飬궨ȻݺµĴڡɢ֮ڵλãҲǵԿġ
пܣһӣԽ֮ˡ
üͷ壬ãźݺݵһ˦ͷˣôһſɡ
뵽վȻǷѯʵܰγô֪⽣ٲһʯʵһԵɵأ
ȻѾҵˣȻҵ塣԰γĻشһ
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˵Ŀǰֻܶһҵһɱģȴǲˡ
һɱ󣿡üȻЩʧ
ţ˽һɱֻܶǸɱ󡭡ңɱҪԼṩϾҵҪѹЩ塣УġЩǸ⡣
ҶһγɱҪĶѯʵ
Ҫƿڵġֻȡɰˡһĳɱɱ󷨣ԲҪԪֻҪ֮
֮۾ʱһԪȣ֮Ҫǿ̫ˣæѯʣҪĶ٣
˵֮㹻ʹΰɡص
ΣݴʧɫҪ֪֮ɰ֮Ȼֻʩչεģ⡭δҲ̫˰ɣ
š˵֮ʵǿֻǹ򲢲ưˡȻ˵ˣôٿʮҡ
ԣˡȻ⽣ͨɱ󣬾ȻҪĽԪ߼Ǹ߼ǵõİ
·ǿЩʧһ֮Ȼںһ꣬ôȻԵģͿԼһЩˡʱ򣬾Ϳʹõڶɱ󣬶Ļôˡ
ŷôһ˵۾ʱһȻһ뵽ҪѰҵһݷĲл꣬һ˿˷ܣʧˡ
գݳ̾һεˣ˲ؼʱ̾Ͳʹá˵꣬Ȼָһţڰɣ
Ҫ룬Ȼشһֻڵǿȿɲôһ壬ֻʱҪΪܲסģԣǧҪս塣
ɵˡһ˵ϱﻹġ
ˣͲɡôŰɡΡڸĸоȴǼһɽһʼ˷ܾ඼ɢˡ
ŷվΡ
Ҳ֪ˣ⹫˸Ӧúܼ˰ɣ
һȻȥ

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̼Ҹۡ
ʱԽԽȻ̼ȴûаֹϲķΧȡ֮ģһ˵ĳء
յʬ壬̼Ѿ֮ˣȫѳĴţҲѾ޽ãֻ滹ûᣬȥЩִ١
̼˶ں֮Уݰδڳʶƿλ֮ϡʵϱݰѸߣûй˥ʶ̼ѾǱƿ¡̼ȡɽ¼Ӱ죬Գͼ۸չǵ̣ı̼ڶ̶̼ƸǳԱƿֱʡǸʱѾʼˡ
ʱµǰšߣأ浣ǵıӱ
Σƿѯʡ
ķԸشġûлɣ뿪ˡص
ƿԣ³һ˵ͷĬ
ãƿῪڣôСݵϢ𣿡
Ҳһӿһ˿ˣȻҡҡͷѾ죬̷һֱǻڵСݡĿǰΪֹδ֡
ƿüͷٶ֮󣬲૵ѾˡСȴδ˿ϢǳըС
ģƿĻû䣬ͱӱϣΪôߣܷɣԲǳըһܻģӱţȴǱˡˮǿӣһתҲȥңһҵģ
˵꣬˳ȥıƿ죬գȴû˵
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֮󣬱ƿȻСΪұ̼ҲŲ޼ҵˣұ̼Ҷܲ޼֪һڼҺúÿңǰ޼һˣ֪һɡ
æݱܲһˣ
ƿ̧ͷĻЦһ˵ûʬôѾΪƽأôǿʲô¶ѾʧˡСû£ⶼѾȥˣΪʲôûдϢ


606 
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ƿ¶꣺ҲԸСѣǡ˵̾ϢҡҡͷЩɫҾͳһȥҲ֪ʲôʱܻȫˡ
·ʲô֮⣬ʱһ䣬æǾ޼ң֪ͨɣ
ƿȴҡͷһ޼ҵĴŶȥ֪ͨʲôˣٶ˵ˣѾȥɡ
ǡҪ˵ʲôȻƿȴѾվת߽ãȻԡ
ԭվãӿ𼸷ֽ
СݣıܡͬʱҲ޼ҵʮĳϣ޼Ҽ۵ĵϵӣ޼ҵĵλνͬСɣ˵޼ҵδҲţ
Ϊһ̼ˣȻԷԸġǣ޼һηӦ
ǻ飿ǡñ̼ҵ˳һڶ
֪Ϊ֪ԽĽ
񽹼ʲô취Ѿ⣬Ȼ游޼ң޼пܵŭ𡣵ȴ޷ֹƿ
ϳǰһǰһ޼ҡҲû˿áΨһı仯Ǵһ˳ŭ𣬱˳ܰˡ
Сݣ㣬ǧ°ͷҲ̲סתߡ
ΨһģǼŬ̽ԷϢˡ֮⣬

ڱ̼¶Ŭ̽ʱ˺ʼףһâиȥ
һ·ʮ·֮󣬷̲סˣΪʲôҪôı·ٶȣδҲ̫˰ɣ
һĵǰȻǴȻʧȥ˼䣬ȴҲǿƷı
ֻεΪв죬޷СΨһܷеıֻսˡңٶȲ˰ɣ
⻹ʮ·ͺķ˽յĹ򡭡˵˭˵ûɷбͿԷаٶȡֽ׶ΣӦս׵ʮϰɡȴоĺܵ˵
ݷеζʱͣ£գ۾ɻԷУ㲻˵ڵķֻܷһֻܼɱô
ǰһֻԹڸ棬Ҳʹðǳɱ󡭡ǿɱеһ֡УֻǺܻķðˡͺӽ漰󷨵õġصȻʲôæҲˡˣھʹһЩ÷
ݻڷУֻеķУȻһɫâüġֻԴһԺУʱֳһЩϢ
ͣڿУƬ֮۾ȴ¶֮ɫ
⣬Ƿı
УȻֻͨһļС˵ٶȾȻܴﵽֲΣҳǿɱ֮⣬Ȼбɱ󣿡

տ˷ܡΪԼõһƷȻȵõ֮˷ɢȡ֮صѹԼһ˿ʧΪԼһΣͬʱ⿴ƺǿıȴ޷ӳ
ȻʱˣδƭĻôǾ̫ǿˡ˵䱾ҪԶͨƷﰡ
ǰΪͬһ֡ӷϢУȴ֪ˣǲͬġ
ܣͺԷ˯һҪķʲôϰȻͬһЩѶȵļɣҪĴԼʱϰʩչ
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˵ƷҪǿҪ˵㹻ǿġ
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ݰסͷ𾪣һڿˮȲҪһ·ıûзǰ
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ֻġᡱһ죬ȻţԭķʱһâΧһת
Ľâ򵥵Ļȴķ֣â֮ռʱһ˿ѷ죡
⣬⡭ƿռ䣿ݵһԼ۾ֻͨĽâȻܻƿռ䣿
ƿռ䣬Ϊ˹ǿȣѾ˿ռĳܼޡһ˵ǿߣܹӵ׻ƿռֻһȻӵȹ
Ǳ𾪵Գ֣δҲ̫˰ɣ
ңķֻʹһʮ򵥵һӽ䡭ݼѾ޷ˡ
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Ȼڳ֮ȴǿϲױȵĿϲ
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ʲô·ǲͷ𾪣ĳ˵վֻǱܰˡȵϷɱ󣬲Ƿǿʽϧɢɱֻһ˵ţУҲһ˿ꡣ
ݴʱȴѾ𾪵ľˡˣô˵ʧ֮ǰؼ۷ĴڡִڣǾµܹǿơʧˣ۽磬ǸߵԶݵ⡭
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ৡ
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ÿ죡ݶʱɴ۾ΧĿռ䣬ѾȫһƬ⣬ٶȿģִʱĴһϢ֮ͨſʶ𾪵ķ֡Ѿ˾֮ǰʮ֮ĵطˣ
죡޷Ŀ죡


607 ǿķ
ֻ˵Ļʵ̫˵㡣һϢ֮䣬ʮľ롭ȺʼֻʮֱǶʮʮ˰
ˡϾҵļʧȥ˺ֻܴܶ࣬жһ¡Щ˼˵
ȫȻֻÿЦ
߼ȻǸ߼ȫǺʼֲεıܹİ
ʼףƷǿ߲ơ仰˵һֻǿߣܷӳȫܡȻȻ֪ƷףĿǰ״̬ҲǵؽϱӵбȻֻܷӳһܣѾƷˡ
ֻһ˲Ϣ˷ܣѾɳʮľ롣ʶʱ̽ϿգѾֻʣ²һҵľ롣
æһ·˲䶤˿Уһ˿һҲûлζ
˿ٶȣͻأͣסݵǣҲֻԴһƣѣĴæԪһתѹסַӦ
ٶ̫ˣҵδٶȣһʱ޷ϰߡаԵšţȴǿĵ¶Цݡ
ڣҵٶȣҪϻ佣ڣֻҲֻҪ̶һգܵˣݰ˷ܣҪӴ˵ظϵ޼ңֻҪյĹ򣡡
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ңԷУĻԶԶҪںʼףּһԼԪģֻĸͿԺԲƣиǻϲ
ʼ׷ԴԷҪ˲ͣԪ֮ϷȻȴǲͬǱܿԷɡͺñһͨˣͷ·ĸĸСһĿˡ
ԽǱܣԽѾȷƿءһ·ȫǰҲʲô¡ҪͿ죬ȫƾ⣬áаţҵ廹ӦôƶٶȻͣЩҪϰ
Уվʱѹס˵õ˷ܡ
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ҸֻѾҲ֪ˣţʶ̽ȥһ̣¶һ˿⣬漴¶һ˿жϣȴ¶͵Цݡ

ҵַΧĽΧߡʱ䣬ҸϢͬ籩һϯÿ춼в˴ӽظǵУдģҲлŸĿĵġ
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˵һΪѪȲпϴĸطšͺñȵ޼ҸʱһЩг϶СˣҲǳ˼ġҲܽô̵ʱɱǰɾ
˵пҲã˵ѪҲաˡ⣬ʵеķɡ
ӱۿһ㲣һƬ˵վַ֮⡣
죬ӱһֱַ֮⡣Ȼ֪޲ǲģǼͣ
ձǿȥȻƿһٶ˳ʵڲѾˡ
ôǿôܻѣӱԸš
С㣬ȥɣｻǾˡֻҪҵүǻһʱϻȥ֪ͨ㡭𣿡ߵı̷壬дϧɫԽ㲵ıӱʹʢ
죬ŮԲȣ߲ݡȻеھŲڵΪ֧֮£ҲȥͨŮӻҪ㲡ܲʹ
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Ȼӱȴֻǽ̽ȴδݵΡ
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̷΢΢һӹһ˿ʧ䡣ܿĵҲ¶Цݣ첽ȥǸ˱ӱȥұ̼ҵˡ̼ңǳеѰˡ
ӱ뿪Ҳͣһʼ׵һâ̸ֱȥ


608 Ǳ
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ݵĹԭڱʹеıݰ˾ϲӱõ֮Ҳ̸ϻأĿ֮󣬱¶ۿ졣ӱҲ̲סĿ˳һ˽ݵĻС
뻳ӱ޵滨ꡣдΪжȴδʲô뷨ͱӱױáĸԼĸͬãڱӱֻ֮飬ȴûŮ֮顣
ʧ죬쾿ȥʲôطȻǱ̼Ϊġֻݷܵ˵Լм´̼Ȼɻ󣬵Ҳûд̳ʵסֻбӱһȻ׷ʣֻƣмܣЦջǱƿ棬ú汦ӱͣȥ
Щʱգұƻ飬Ȼʧ٣ʶ̼ʼΧһƬȻҸƽϲãһӾͳ嵭ЩʱʼΧƵıϢ
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ݵȻ뿪ʶĴڣҲ֪֮ڱ̼ҷ顣һ䡰̼ҹĿںŵʱͷҲЩġʶڱ̼ҵĻǵ̬ȣҲ͡
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һʱ䣬գꡣЩʱձ̼Ҹ׼Щһг䶨ȻҪú׼׼ˡϾһһȵĴڣȻ
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࣡Ҳ˵һ֪Ҷܵʲô£ֲ˵ҽڡڡӱȴǴ˳Ȼ֮ǰݷܵûиȻЩġ
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֮Ļش˵ʱ£Ե飬ȷʵܵĳɷҲ̫ˡѹֺ汦ӱһֱˡ
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˼佣ڵĵӣ˵ˣ̼ѪԵϵ֮⣬ȦӣѾ̼Ҳͬһˡ˵ȻǼһЩȴʵ
ǿס˼ң绶ϲϲ뿪֮ߡ
뵽·ͻȻ뵽ʲôһˣм±֪һҸֵĺܴ󣬶ڶڵ顣ȻҶǲ¶ݡǵģȴм뿪˱̼ҵĻСӦҲǵĶԻЩ˽⡣һڸҵǣݻͻع⡭
⻰ݵĿ΢΢һ£ȻЦŵҲ޷ڣ佣ڶǴ֮һȻйأҲ˱ݡ㲻ӣչҲҪ佣һЩӵġ㣬Ͳصˡ
ĵطŵݰˡݿ佣ڵ洫ӣݣЩ˿ҪǿĶࡣ˵ԷӣҪӲġ˷ݣǿҲһֺξ֮
οݿɲΪΪһң붼ġ
Ҿͷˡ˵ƿҲһȻЦУƼҲˡȥ⹫˵һɡԺ·ɡ
Цŵ˵ͷ
磬Ҫ߰ͣȥıӱҪߣʱˡ
ŤͷһۣȻԴЦ˵ˣĴæҲûʲô»ٹö
ҲŲϡءӱƲֵһ֮ŵǡʱһҪ̼Ұʱ飬Ҫڱ̼Ҷסһʱ䣡
ݱĻˣԴЦˣ֪ˡȥָǲ÷Ӱɡ˵꣬Ťͷƿһͷ˸Ҿˡ
šȥɡƿ˵ͷ
뿪˴˺ãǱүӱݰүȻҲһνǹƼݰҲסֵʱ򣬸ݰִһЩԪ֮ݻֵ


609 ʮĳϵĴ˵
Ǳ̼ˣݱǴԺֱƿն𣬳ֱ·ҲӰ֮ŴӴл˷̤˱˵Ľ
ԷٶȣֻյʱͿɵִպóһ·ıҲż
ţŽµķȴ͵ĺܡ
ǿӹɡԽˣݾԽҪ⽣ܸ
Ҫ֪УֻǷֶѡڷѶϢ֮УıɲֻôһЩУһЩ˵ǿڷ˵ֻǱܵɱ󣬻һ󷨵ġ
뵽Ҳ಻סĵ׵һֻġݣһٵƿ֮ը죬ΣѾʧ֮С

춼޼ڸ
ٽ꣬޼һһȵϼȻҲڽܹĵš
ÿʼ޼ڸΪֵʱΪֻдʱЩƽطɢ춼صķּӵܣŻᾡеڸν֮Ҳϲ֮
Ȼ껹ʱ䣬춼صķּҶѾʼ½½ĳڸ㼯ֻԶǰӿû֮ϣһŻŮǻУߣһ·˵˵ЦЦ֡յķΧѾǼΪŨ
Ҫ˵޼ʱΪæģǾҪͳ޼ʳסеˡ󵽳ԴöȣʳޣСΰʣͳͳҪܡ⼸죬˵еˣҪæĽŲմء
ʱڵġԺԺܹ죬ȴһЦһºñӣ߻һЦ˵ԺϷʲôҪֱܹ֪һҲ͹ȥˡֺαһأ
ĴܹܣѾơΪ޼ҵڶϵӵܣȻ޾ϸȫˡֻͳһ´ˡ飬ǽܹġ
ԣ˵ܹ죬޼ңȨߵļū
Ȩݴﵽ̶ֳȣ˵ūһЩּҵүС㣬ҲСĵźšϾ˼ҴȨա
Ȼôһ޼ΪæʱҲǼΪæµġʱػר̳ˣң˵ĴţǺºñļūΣ͸˲ˡ
һ·ļūŮв˶̲ס࿴˼ۣдżֺ档
ºñļūһӣȴһмͲտյȻѾϵ֮⣬ϻһɫ֣۸ȻҲֻʣһֻˡ
ĻȴºһЦϷ˵⼸޼¶æ׼ˣǰﲻæȴҲϺˡ裬ð¡οһЩʳİˣֲʲôһֱУһܣ͵ǻǰɡ˵ͣ˲ӣЦŵܹڿǴæˣ»кܶҪءͲԶˡ
ĽܹܰЩʱգæˡҲͣ˲ӡŶԷһ˵ʱ̾һ˵ĻҲ·˵˵żĽ֮ӡ˶֮˿ǰۿѾԺˣŵȻˣҾ͵ɡʵȷһȥء˵ţ̫Ѩ¶Ц
ǺǣˡȥɡҪȻϷ֪ҴĹӶ׼仺Ļҿɾˡºñļū΢Цһ£˾Ц
㰡ЦҡҡͷȻվΣҾͲ˵ˡԺʲô£ɡ
áºñĶ۶ĿūЦŵ˵ͷͷʾת뿪֮Ҳת߳
ֱ߳Ժ֮һĿһĻļūŮǣС
ʤ磬ղǶ۶۵˭ܹض˿мū̽
ʤģͬҲһūȴǱʻļū֮࣬ҲջԼĿ⣬Ľĵ㲻ʶҲϾ޼Ҳһˡ޼ҼɫʵĴڡ˵ǶܹܣǴܹܣүүǣҲܿ
ʲôܹܣүʮүܿСūһ˵ˡ
ܹܣүʮүǣǿǵռүˣʲôͷõռү̫ܰɣԱļūŮ⻰Ҳһŵ׷
ʤ硱һ˵ķӦҲ̸ԡһߣһߵ˵˵⻹ôӰǰ˵ءλ޼һССܹܰˣȻܳΪ޼Ҽ͵Ĵڣ˵ҪᵽһλĴ
Ĵڼūʤ硱˺棬һĵɴ۾
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λ˭̲סߴѯ
λ˵֣ǿܻȽİ˵үү䣬ԼڵݣӦþͻˡ
ʤȻ˵֮һֱжʱѣ׷ʣʤ磬ͱˣ˵˵ɣ
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ʮĳϾ˭˵ǼӣҲ޼ҵүˣǵö᣿ô͵˳֮λˣ޼ҲˣΪδδҲδ˵ʱһūȴǺѯŴ˻ڼūŮҲͷ԰԰
ʮĳݣȷ޼ҵϵү޼ΪŵĴڣ֮ûΪʮĳǰ뿪޼Ĵȥˡ˵ôõĳ֮λɾе˵ˡʤ糤̾һҲЩд޼ҵˣݵ¼ȻҲĺܡ
ʤ磬£͸˵˵ɡһɼūǱصġʮĳϡ˺ģæ˵
ʤ֮Ȼ˵ȻˣҾ˵˵ɡ˵ôʮĳϵĸףү˵𡭡
ʤһæµһ˵ڶūҲһ£һ߽ζ֮һп


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ǵ̸ۣǲ֪ġһ·ȥʱͻص˷Ժ
ߵſڣſڿŵͣæӭȥ
ܹܡ¶Цݣһʱæӹе
δܾЦŵ˵ͷݸһ߶ȥӸˡСζ嵭Щ
֣ЦӦȻŵܹܣүˡ
ү΢΢һ£Ȼŵͷ֪ˡţȥɡ
á
͵ӦȻ첽˽ȥҲ󣬳ȥ
ʱ䣬Ժδ̫ı仯ȻԵʮоˡӲҪ˵ʲôǰͬҲԽ徻
ԺֻūŮרŸɨԺԼźϷ˵ճʮˣƲ٣ڷԺôԺ˵㲻϶ʵϣ޼ҵϵֻҪǱԼԺĵӣԺĻҲʮūͣʮŮʮϡԺֻЩõһ롣⣬޼ʮĳϵľ
Ҫ֪峤ݵͬҪǰձ׼Ժǲ׼ġңҪһжӣҲǰϵ俴һԺȻڸ֮Уû˿һԺûɶϵȴһݵ
ȴ֪ЩݵĴȫϷ˸ܾˣүڸС
ϷȻݵĴ̴̣СѾߣȻΪݵĹϵܵ޼ҸִЩѰҪΪ۾ж㣬ֻʮ¡
ȻֱӵȨƱС࣬Ҳͬ
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ӶľͥԺܿ˺Ժ֮УһۣͿ˶֮ͤϷĵĿĵү˫
˫ѾǱΪһ޼Ҽļ̳ߣݵͬԣν
ΪѾﵽ˵ʮ۷Բĳ̶ȡһͻƣΪߣͿԳΪԭۣ˾ĻҲΪһԱ
ÿÿ뵽һ㣬оЩŹ֡
չأΪϣӦǰλ㣬Ҳ޼ҵʮ峤ϡһֱûʲôģϾ볤ϣһ㶼ͬߵ͵Ҳûʲô
ǣһĵʮĳϣȴֵĵȴЩŹˡ
ܲүүļλҪ֮°ɣ
뵽Ҳ̲ס¶һ˿ЦݡȻֻһС£˾ǰ䱲ݵĸߵͣλҲˡүƢԣֻҲⳤλ⡣
뵽ҡҡͷ˦ĵ⣬Ժȥ

¡ѩװعԺӳճһƬ硣һ֦ͷ׵ķ·Ⱦѩ˵ҲɵĿʡ
үˡ
ߵ˵Цԣ鹧Ŀڻ
˫Ťͷ¶Цݵ˵ͷ̬ƽ͡
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ȷǡʤ硱ԣ޼Ҽͽ磬ǾһֻȻǵϵүǣҲǿеļͿ
ȻԼȴ֪˾ͳֳԽĺҲ͵ͷˡ
ӵݣ˵˲ΪԺܹܵͷ˼ҿģүӡʲôӣ
˹֪һһ֪ˡȻϵүҲΪǵΪԽǫѷö֮ΪҲԽº˼ֵҪ費
˫𾴱飬¶Цݵ˵ͷȻָָԱʯϵһСЦǱƴѪԨҩлѪĹЧȻȲϵݶ軨ЧҲܲˡȻСҷ˶һɡ䲻ǵƣȴҲһЩЧ
һȻмĵллүллС㡣
˫ЦҡҡͷŤͷ԰ϵĸЦˣʱҲˣһЩҪȸˡúЪϢɡ
ģȻݵĴ̴̣ڿ̴ϸѾʧ˴룬ԭڵƤҲİ֮бİʧȥ˫Ŀ۾һɫţȴº͵Цݡ
˫ȴæѾҲȡʳˡүǲò֮߰ɣ
ˡ˫ҡҡͷЦæϼ׼ˣҲǱѾͷƵβŲòһ˰ˣ˵ˣˡ
˵꣬Ҳȴ˵ЦЦ֮ת뿪
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ˣˡúÿҷ˰ɡ˫ȴ˰֣Ц˵
⡭үߡһ£Ҳûǿ󡣹˫ҡҡֿ֣뿪
˫վᵽ˱̴ߡ
С㡭ѪԨΣգǰЩ˵ֳ˲ٵӣҲ֪Ρ̴ȻЩĵ˵
ԣæ˵Сĵһµġ
ϣɡ̴ȻһЩǡ
ʱȻţҲ֪˶ã֮УȻƮѩ
һƬѩ˱̴ϣһ˿
ѩˣ̴գġ
ˣǽȥɡѯʡ
š̴˵ͷ
߹ţźȥ

үȥׯһء
ջصԼ˫ڼԼܹܵʱܹæ˹󹧾
ׯ˫΢΢һ漴۾һѵǼƷѾץˣ
뵽¶һЦݣ˵ͷãϹȥ
˵꣬Ҳٶ˵ʲôתֱӳŶȥ

޼ҵһǶľ޴ׯ԰ׯ԰ĽṹΧĽԲһʮɵǽʵʵĽ֮ΧΪʵԺǽ֮⣬ʱʱ̶̿һԶԵװѲءԵʮӡ
ʱʱģһ֮дȻׯ԰棬һЩĴڡ
޼Һׯ
޴ߴɣһֱ۴ϸһ֪Ǿǧܵõһġ̶̳ȣ֪
𣡣
ŭֻһľҴһɫâʱ֮˸һ˸֮ӭһԽŭԼһʯײһʱֵʯ
ſ޴֮Уһͷ޴ޡ޻˺ɫӲë֫أνýǡͣţиʱʱһѺɫҽһĿˮȻžžવĵڵ֮ϣһð
һ֮䣬ʱлȻδüðɫâеĻ˸ɸɾԽķŭ˫Ŀǿ񱩡
Ǹƿһ졭ддɾɾģôҾõˡǷµ½ڶᲹȥҷġҪ¡²꣬ӵ졣ǷġҼ¡


611 ۷
Ʒ׵Ļϵ޺ڻǣûհ
˫ǰľ޴ޣһڿˮʶĴ˴Լ֡
ȫʢʱĪ˵㣬ҶеЩ֡һʱʱ̿ﶺŪĵĲ֮ٸġ˫ԱߣһֵߡƳ˫һ֮¶Ц˵
޼ϡ
֪˫¶ЦεǶƷްȻվŲûһ˿壬ҵΪҲɱɣ
˫ֻǵʮԲˡ˵ʱͻƵ쾳Ʒ޿쾳һΡվŲҲ˵Էġ
ҵȻ֪Աһƿŵ΢΢һЦ˵޼Ҽۡ΢΢һЦ֮󣬼˵ĴֻһˣĿģûҪﵽһնɱĿģȻֶΡ
ֶΣ˫΢΢һɻĿۣʲôֶΣ
һЦȻŻ˵
˫һȴǴϲϲ޼ң
ɲһǿǵϵǿߣƵ޼Ȼǧ꣬۷Ҳֻǵˣû
˫֪޼߼ıҲһƼƷıˡ⣬͸޼ҵġʲôʱ򣬼оȻֲεƷˣ
Ȼ˫ϲѯʣҲǹЦ֮Уǿο
ôõģ˫̲ס׷ʡ
˵Ҫл̫ϳϰ΢ЦǰЩʱգ̫ϳдƼҵõƷӶɹ˵ΪΪ޼ʷϵһλﵽ˵ǿߡ֮뿪һʱôԭȥѰȥˡѾˣġ
˵˶٣ЦҲԭԽļƷŴһƷޣֱ˶Ʒס̫ϳѾӦʱʹõġ֣ɱޣӦû˰ɣ
˫ʱֵû⣬û⡭ͼƷҲǵǿƵġҵΪȫԸĻɱһͷᷴĶƷޣûģ
ţܺáЦס˫Ȳı飬ȴʧЦ㻹Ǳˣǰһʱ̫ϳϲŻǱġ
ٺ١ۿ˼˫˼ĺٺһЦͷЩ̫˷ˡϾǿﰡ˵ţ¶ЩΡӣֻ¶޲ˡ
Цŵ˵ͷȷֻκһ߶޷ܾıҲ޼ǧĶһݶ
Ц̸˼֮˫뿪ׯΨȻվǰͣĶŪǺڻǣһԽԼһȻײĶ
޼ңɵתţΪ֮

֮һݻĴֻڶɳɵĶɿڣͣ˸ˡ
ӵӥǣݿȥյİߣһܡ֮¶һ˿̾ʮ겻ⶫɳɣԽķˡ
Ƕɳôȷͦٵġ
ǼӡǺΡһ꣬ѿЦ˳
Щ֮ˣΪȻô۽ȷҪǿࡣħǵĽ죬ֻ߱һ֮ˡӣҲ˵ͷʾͬ
һȺϰˡ޵ĺãʲôãͷȴǲмһˡ
˵䣬Ѿ˳ȥ
Ŀ΢΢һȻ󿪿ڡУһ˿ɻ
ֻһֱˣʱĿȴŶɳɵĳһţУŨŨĳԹ
ߵ궼ǻһ𣬶عͷ
үүһΪ꣬΢΢
߷·ǵĿ⣬˳ŷһʱھǲԶһߣһ˴׳ߴģȽȽƮš֮ϣȴдһġޡ֣
ô£ѯʡ
΢΢ͷҧػصүүμҵĵ̡
һ仰ߵĿʱ˵ͷת侲ȥ޼ҿɡ
˵۾ʱݺݵͷУױȵĳΣ
һаˣŶɳ֮ȥ
һʱ֮
޼ҡ
޼ڸҵľ룬һаˣ˴˴
ңԶȻ󣬵˵
ӥԶԶĿţĿ֮в˿֮źȻЩ޼ҵ޼ˣ
˵ͷŵ޼Ҵǧ꣬ӵڶ࣬ٽأ޼һһȵҪʼЩ޼ҵķּӵܡ
ӥĿһת漴ѯʣ֪ٿڣ
š˵ͷһգٿʱ򡣡
ʱ޼ҵ˶һãӥʡ
ûֻҪ޼ҵˣʱ򶼻ֵ˵ͷ
վһգֻ˰ɣӥŤͷ޸
ǵģ֮󣬾һա˵Ȼӥ뷨Ŀһæ׷ʣүү롭
աٶհɡӥĿĲ˿ȻҪǾȫ𣬲һнɡ
޼ң۷ʱ𣡡
۾һɣȴǻǲԶԶ޸ʢУȴ¶˷֮Ĺâ
۷
վԭãȻת뿪ûһ˿һĹע

ͬʱ
춼뽨֮صں֮ϡ
߸ߵĿУԶһ˵ĿɼƺһӰȴڴ˵Ư
ֻӰ̤һ޴ޱȵĺɫ֮ϣȻǰȻͣ٣ȻһʧֺȻ֮աĲֺ
ɶԣһѯƬֹ֮ҪһЩô
˵꣬΢ĬƬ̣Ȼ󣬺Ȼ͵һʧ֮֮գֳˡ
ΣƬ֮ϲǶˡţҪϰϰٶȷƿأûˡ
˹Ц֮ٶ
ʱԿ˴˵ģ
ɫΧף̤޴󳤽ݿ黶ϲݻ˭
ûˣǴӽǱ˱̼ˣ޼Ҹȥݡµľ޽Ƿ
ʵԷٶȣֻҪյ蹦򣬾ͿԴӱ̼ҸϵͣȲҪ͸⽣ıһֱĥ䵽ڡ


612 
ʽͬڰ˪ȱӡڽ֮УֱӲٿءū÷˵Ǽ
Ϊûӡڽ棬ʶʩչͬ˪ȱǰתģֻͨڸӡܲݡȻоӡķԼ븴ӵĶࡣֻͨһδεʹãΪܵʱ򣬲ﵽתġ
ݽϵ֣ʱ٣ʱֱӰƯʱڸ߿֮Уһϸ΢ĿռѺۡǷ״̬ٶ̫Ļ壬ǻƿռ䡣
֮Уݲͣ򣬸ӦģԷĲݣҲԽĵӦ֡

һʱ֮
ףѾˣ
еݺȻͣΣĿֱӿȥ͸Ʋ㣬ԼԿ·Զĵطһ޴ۿڡ
ۿڼּΪȻȸ߿֮Уһ˵֮
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һʱΧתתȦݲһץס֮˴ռ䡣
ˣȻȥɡ
΢΢һЦźʼףζʱ˳ȥ
춼ȻʮϤĵؽ磬Ȼӿ㸩ӣȴǵһΡֻɳ֮ˣߺ֮ǲڶӸ߿ո߸ߵĸ£˸еһַķæ
ŻԽϤе˼Ҳڱ˳
ӣȻԼϤĹ֮ʱǺ̵ܹסϻؼҵġ
ڶɳɾ޼ҲԶһʱ֮Ѿ޼ҵϿա
ͷȥ겻޼Ҳδ̫ı仯ֻһЩϾɸۡƺһ£·Ҳࡣ֮⣬̫仯
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ֻǴ˴֮󣬺ȻǻȻ˹ˣձˡ뵽ԼҲꡣ޼ӣ佣ڣ̤ߵ֮׵ֽգҲڲòܹעˡ
ҡͷ̾һ֮ݲδڿͣǳŸȥͬʱʶһɨ
Ҳ֪ǡףǿߣ
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ѹƲסͷĺ棬һΣȥ

ʥú󷽣һƵɽ֮ϡ
һ±ǰʯ֮ϣÿϣϰԵһ޼ʣƺƺƵޱƺ飬ҲɵĻ

һʱһ̧ͷһֻһͷɫԶз˹һʱ΢΢һЦֻǺٶȼ죬ܿģǷһڵķ嶥֮ϣһһԡ
һϵѪӥ
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г֮һΪǣҲҪһ塣壬ҪԼȥѰҡ
ȻҲ֡򵥵ķĪֱһˡ
ˣһ壬ȴͼ塣
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ͺñȴһ˱壬Уֻܹϵľ飬ȴ޷гɹ
Ҫ֪ǿ֮ԶƷΪʱ򣬷͵ƾֶһԼ˿ͬʱУͬʱȻ󻹿Խںϡһںϣ˵гɹӣǷá
ѡϣһ㶼ѡЩӵԵıĳַһһʻôˣе֮ҲͨѡõĲϣӸϸıԼ츳
һ򣬵죬̸ڶ̸һԾǨ
ˣѡϣһǱȽصġһЩĲϣǱۣ


613 һ
һԼûʲôȥЩĲϵġãѡ
ҲһͬǰһЩվգȻԼȦӡ޼ҼôЩ֮꣬ϵȴδжϡɹ죬ҲһʱѷԼϲáʱһͬʱСӶӳǴӦѰҷƲϡҪģǵȴ
˵򵥣ƷĲϿɲ׻ãѾȥСʱ䣬Ҳ֪ʲôʱѰáԷ˵ҪԼѰƷֻҲһİղŻ˰ɣ
һаš
һһҡҡͷҲٶ룬ƺҲ֪ЩʲôԱߵѪӥóԼëԵʮְ
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ոյһЦûüȥһˣȻִͻƵˣ
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ʱһĴԶԶΪġ
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˿̣ݵĳ֣һС԰ȫ飡
֮ǰݲ쾳ڵСһˡȻ֮Ȼһ·ﵽ˵ڵĳ̶ȣȽףÿһȽ׵ٶ⣬ʲôٶȣ

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֮ų̾һдŨŨοݵļ򣺡ããã
һ֣ȴĿο
޼ҺгϢԼ뱲Ӷ޼ҵˣȻǿοˡ
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һȣʱһϲŻعһȣͣ˶ɻĿ
һһпĿݣοĵ⣬ˡȻˮϵԡңȴôʡңҲгֵıС
˵ţΪ˷ֹݲţֻðһɫ⻪һâУʱһģ
һϰֵĸųЦ㿴˵ҵıУҲƷҴ˵󷨣ҵϡԣ㻹ǺúţԼʹðɡ
΢΢һ£漴ȴЦԭѾгֱˡá˵ţҲִ⣬˪
һ϶ʱ¶Цݣ˵ͷ
ȴкȻ˵ǣȴҪ͵ġ
һһȴֻϣȻӿֳһɫâƬ֮һɫСܣǰ
һϣĴסˣȻĵɴ۾
ȻѾ˳ֱУǾΪɡ
һЦҲһ˵ϱâһʱɫСУӿһâûݵüġСеӡѾ˳󣬵˹ȥ
һϴĿǰɫСܣǶˡ
Ҫ֪ɲô׵õġ޼ңǧ꣬Ҳֻǰһʱ䣬ΪĹϵŵõһˡݣȻ֣ó⣬⡭
һϵĺģڴﵽ˶㡣һЩʲôȱȻҲ˵óóģ
Сݣ㡭꣬ȥĶһϣ̧ͷݡ
ȥ佣ˡݲδ
佣ڣһϣʱݣĴɣ֮һ佣ڣ
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һϣȴѾĴסˡ
Ϊһ֮صҳϣ̫Ĵڴ󻪹ԣʲôˡ
һڣһͿĴɣһִˡ
佣ڵӰȻ춼Ĵȴ׹
ݣȻ佣ڵĵӣ
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614 
ȻһˣΪݵ佣ڴġ
ֲ²⣬ʵϾһѵãһȻʳڣҪڶ̶ʱռôȴǲ̫ܡϾҲǴײˡ
佣ȴǲͬΪ󻪹֮һεӴ󣿴͸һӦİɣһ²⡣
Ȼ֪佣ڣҲ൱Ĵڡֻ洫ϵĵӣܱ豦ӣûеġ
İɣСԼõģʦŴġ
ȻݵĻشȴһ΢΢һ¶˼ֲţʦŴ裿
šⱦڴ½֮ʱɱȻ񵽵ġʦŲûʲôϵһƺ佣ڴ͸ԼĶֻЦŽһ䡣
ģһлмֲš
šݵ˵ͷڣܿԷ˰ɣ
һϹһЦҡͷοĵȻʦûйϵˡպ㶨ȻҪ뿪޼ҷ佣ڣ佣ȾʮּҵĴСø󡣡
˵ȴˣԷǵԼƭ
뵽ݺȻ˵һ
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Ϊ˵ǱõģֻдǰˣĿľΪԼ¡ó˵еնȴЩҡˡ
ѵЩԼõģ佣ڴģϾȻ佣ִɣֻҲܸĳһô౦ɣ
һ
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һݵϣгʮϵı
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һЩˡҪݵɫСܣȻΪġֻ佣ڴ͸ݵġһݸԼֻ¿ʦšңСǷԱȹԵıҪһЩһϲҪȻҲԼš
ϾԱǱõġ
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ʱҲˣѪӥǶƷ۷ޡѹ֣μѳһ֮䣬ֱӱɱˡһ˿ûС
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лᣬҪȥһͷպùƪ֮У޵аš
СݣЩȥ佣ڣЩʲô£صõôԸ˵˵𣿡һϴʱҲ˹ȴ̲סѯ˳
еȷǺ漫ˡ
ʲôðˡһЦ˵
ʲô˵ʲô˵Ȼͼ᪻ŵĽַȵȣݲδ˵Щܶһ֪Ͱȫһ֡ң˵Ҳûʲô粻˵һϻһͬġ
һҲݵѯУ˵޼ҵı仯
ζҸ޼Ѿûʲô谭ȻȻ춼İǵҲûп޼ʲôٶϾȱ۷Դ޼ηչҲһˡӰȽǿȴҲ붼ڵķۡ춼гϵĸ⣬޼ҰչĿνΪѸ͡ľ֣붼ÿɢԴ󲿷ֶ޼£ȻҲ޼ҵĺǻǳν˲ű
ټ޼һģһ飬Զǰܵ˵޼٣չĵ·ϡ
ʼһϱˣһҲδԭǼμҵĲַ֮УҵشƷһɹ졣ǰʱ䣬뿪ڸѰѣΪȡһתһ飬Żһ
ţ飬ֶ˵һ飬໥֮䣬һЩ˽⡣
ɫȴѾ
߲ѪվЦˣѾˣҸջүүʹǶ֪һ飬ȴҪȥˡ
һҲЦŵ˵ͷҲʱ֮գʱͿɿ޼ķչˡ
Цŵ˵ͷˣұͲˡˡ
ȥɡһЦŵ˵ͷ
Ҳٶ˵ʲôתһԾ뿪˾塭


615 طԺ
ǱһϣݱҲٶ飬ϺâһǴ˺ʼףλһâԳŷԺķȥ
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ɽȻ⣬ȴȻһƬֵľ¡Ů˵˵ЦЦ໥֮еĵáϵϢĴš
ݴӸ߸ߵո£Ժȴֳүļ䡣
ġүҲЩ˵еһԱЩ˶ͬǣүû̸֮ۡȻޱҲʱġүû츳ȻҲޱ̸ʲôޱƿʼǰϪƵү͸ӹ¶ˡ
ΣٶȻֻĸо
ݵ롰үѾ϶Ϊһүļ䣬ǸͬܡټϤĳͷ⸡ֳһ˿ĸо
ͷֿ˿֮ݲֱͣӷǰԺƬ֮󣬷ԺĴţѾϡ

ٹ㡭ٹһ㡭ѽֹˡ
Ժ֮⣬һʹһԼʮСŮæµšģεСŮվڴ⣬ָվڵϵСſҵָ˺üΣǼ;ǹҲСŮڲͷˣʱôô
ļһ꣬ģΪľʵɫʱһ죬޹ĿСŮҲ֪˵ʲô
ǱˡСŮ״ֻһһۣһȴǰȥ
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ܻɣСŮһۣһϵĵȥҿšҪῴôʰ㣡
Сʹ˴ֻʵĵ˵ͷߵ⣬̧ͷĿ˵ӵСŮ
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СŮұһ㡣
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СŮƶһ㡣
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š˰ɣ
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СŮԣһۣҲˣù߹̶ʱ֮󣬾µӣܵ濴˿Ȼŵ˵ͷţɡ˵ֵ꣬Сһۣűӵ̫ˡ
Сģ޹ͷ֪ôػ
ССŮ˷ۣȻʲôأʰ쿪ˡ
ŶСͺĵ˵ͷæʰ
СæµģСŮС죬̲סһȻĿⲻӹʱȴȻһ۾һɡ
֪ʲôʱһ£ݿ꣬Ѿվ˷ԺĴ֮ǰ̧ͷĴŷԺ
ʲôʱֵģСŮӹһ˿ȡܿعæү
ͬʱԭʰŶСͣҲ˶عͷһſվһ꣬Ҳæͣ˶վһԡ
޼ңȻǷԺˣүС㣬үˣҪġ
ĴŷԺСŮͷĿӹСŮСͶˡ
Ҳ֪ǲǴүĿһɨ˶ͷһֻԷ۾·ĳħ˶˸ͨ͸һ㡭Уɵĸֳ˼壬͵ۿꡣ
ڿһ֮ȴֳһ˿Цݣº͵ĿڵǷԺô
ЦÿСŮ⿡һЦŪͷʱһʶԺо͸ֳôһŹֵ뷨ܿģͻعæػصǵġ
ǼʱķԺȻº͵Ц
С澺ͼͶ΢΢˴С澸֣Ȿүô뵽ѯԼЩǵ£ǹʵػصرүСǰķԺǰġ
ԣȻͷѹ֡˵꣬΢΢˶֮󣬲Цô
үҪܹܣūͽȥͨ桭Сԣæ˵
šЦŵ˵ͷС񣬱һ·СܣȥǼͼ״ȴҶֻվԭأԵûЩڡ
ãƺҲû˵˼תΣܡ

ܹܣܹܡ
ԺԺű̴ںԺУ
عͷȴεС澣˽ģ
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үĻȴ¶һ˿⡣
Ҫ֪һԺģֻүүʮүһģֻޱƣˡЩԺеļʹ󲿷ֶʶģһˣǲͨͿԽġ
үȴǵһΣȻ˸еˡ
ĸүʲô֣ѯһ
ģܿӡ֡˵Ҳ࣬˼ͷˡ
һţܻѯʶԷݣȻٸͨġƽʱĹ̷̴ţҲ
Ҳû㣬ֻüģܿıүǻ˭
˭ȥһҲ֪ˡȥñүõˡʱϵı̴ȴǿˡ
ԣ˵ͷѾҺ˰ɣ
æͷѾˡ
ţ˰ɡ
ǡæͷ
˵ͷҲûٶ˵ʲôԳſȥ
װعͥԺʱѾߵſڡһۣȴͿſһıӰ
ֻһӰʱһĿҲ΢΢
ӣⱾүΪǲšԲΪȻǿԷʵǱүǶȻ֮ˡ
뵽ӿĽŲſڣ΢ūү
䣬ԭڴܵӰҲ΢΢˶٣ת¶һ˿Цݣ
Ϥͷ΢΢һæ̧ͷԭȥӣʱԭ
֮󡭡
үүү
ϲһӺȻһݵھϲĺ˳ŨŨĲţȴѾ״Ρ
ϲ飬ϣҲ¶˼ּ˵ͷͷȴһ˿ů⡣
⿡µġүǷԺˡݣ


616 
үˣ̫ˣ̫ˡļϲ֮ɫ
ʱ䣬˵˵ȴҲ̡ûκϢҪ˵ûһ˿ǣǲܵġϾɲһƽ͵硣֪ˣնûлȻһֱΪݵǣӦʲô⡭˭ָҴƱ
ʵϲ̴үүʮүС㣬үЩĸǾĿģҲֻûݵϢɼͬҲǵġ
ȥˣүǰȫĻˡܲϲ
һϲ뼤ݵУůȴǸһʱʵΪ˷㵱ʱԼжôԼж֤ˣʱ۹⣬ûд
Щꡭˡ˵
ʱ΢΢һȻŲүˡģ
˵ͷļ򣬲ڶ˵
ںԺɣ
һȻæͷأأһЦݣĵ֪ү֪öˣ˿߶үأ
ݳźԺȥһ·ϣЦ棬ھϲ֮ɫ
ֱ˶ߵԶˣһֱһԵСͣŻع˹
үѵǡ
С΢΢һһ²ɿӹԺ۾ɵɵϴ󡭡

ˣѩأˣǻݰɣ
Ժı̴Ȼ֪ǰԺ顣ʱкȻƮѩ̧ͷһæڱ̴ߴ˵
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νǧĸǡݣĸӣȴʤĸӡĸ׵УӡԶҪչ˵ġοһ꣬ȴûаѶأݹȻҲԽ
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첻ѡ
ôˣ̴۾޷ֻѯһ䡣
СҲ֪ܹܺ˷ܵӡæصȻ۽ǵ⣬߽֮Ӱ΢΢һ
ġү
ˣˣ²£²˭ˡϲɫ
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⡭˭̴Ȼ޷³
үүˣүˣ˷ܵĺ˳
شñ̴ʱ͵һԭɻ飬˲佩ϡ漴ɫ̴֣촽ݣүǣүүĶĶ
˵䣬˫ǰȥ·Ҫץסʲô
ݼ״æһǰץס˱̴֣ҡ̣һˡ
ץסֵһ˲䣬̴ԭʱסˣ֮һȾʪס˫۵İײ
ãá˺á˺á˵ţ̲סҭ
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̴ҡͷץݵ֣ȴû˵
ۿҲ΢΢ĿǰһĻУȴǸпǧ
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׵ߵʲôطܻѹϸˣȴΨһ塣񣬵굽СѾɳΪ޼ҶԶΪҪˣϸˣȴΪһзϡߵĹϵȫת˹
֮ĸ飬ȴȻֿܲ˸ж
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뿪޼꣬û˿ѶϢģԺˣ޼ĳϡݣ
ڶݵ֮ȴӿһ˿ǡ
ϾֻǷԺһС澣Ȼ⼸ʱڷԺĺܺãϷ˻ܹܶƢº͵ˡ˻ˡǲҲϷܹһƢԲô죿
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ŤͷһۣЦŵ˵ͷ
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Ϣڼ̵ʱ޼Ҹ߲㡣
ݶˣ
ոյõϢ˫Ȼվǰū͡
ǣүǼ֪ͨġūæػص
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
ڼ
ţ֪ˣȥɡ
ǡ
ū͵뿪˫¶Цݣ뿪ԼԺ䣬۾ȥ

ʮĳϻˣ
ڶŪ޵ϣҲõϢҲ¶˼־֮ɫ
ǵġ֪ͨϣǰūæ˵
š֪ˡϵ˵ͷ

ŪĶͦġ
ʥúɽɽϣһϺȻſ۾ɽ¿һۡȻ¶һЦݣҡҡͷһΣɽƮȻȥ
ʥſڣһūĶĵǰȻһ紵ū΢΢һȴǺȻ֣һѾǰ
¶һĨȻŻعæĲ̫ϳϡǰʨһˡ
š֪ˡһ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ūæһ뿪


617 ӷ
Ŀū뿪֮һ¶ЦݡȻ֪Ϊʲô
ҲɣһΣʧԭء

һ޼Ҹ߲㣬ϾԶӵ֪ͨʮĳϹϢҲһ̣޼ҡ
˵ʮĳϻˣѾеĸ߲볤ȥˣΪʮĳϽӷ硣
ʮĳݣ޼ŵ
뿪ѾǳΪˡȥˣҲ֪ʲô̶ˡ
޼˶ʼ
ʮĳϣʮɣ޼ҵĴﰡ
ּ뱾ҵ޼һ꣬Ҳڷ׷ۡ
˵Ϊſζҵıء
ΪѾ쾳ˣү츳ˣʮ̳˶үʣҲ֪Ϊˡ
Ȼ
Ҫôͺˡ
ԲǵǸᷳġΪ޼ΨһһΪﵽ죬Ϊϵˣڲ֪УΪ޼кǵż
˶۷׷׵ʱ򣬱۵ݣʱ۵ľʨС
ۣųơʨľҲӦĻʨ󡱡
Ϊ޼Ҽľ⡰ʨȻҲܺˡֻռ㣬ʽͥԺ¥СˮׯϣҲľ£һþ
ڡʨ󡱵Ŀ֮У˲ˣһϯڷ롣ģ޼ҵĸ߲㡣
Ȼ߾λף޼˶һϡףǶһꡭ
ض˵⿡꣬Ȼ޼ҵʮĳˡ
ݵݣʵûʸ׵ġϾձ˵Ǳ͵ġ
һ۵Ľӷ磬ǣȻˡ
ԵɣشҲ֪ˡ۸߾λϵ֮ϣȴǹº͵ϲõЦݣٱ޼ʮĳǡֵ֮գǽ˻Ὣһһ֣һ棬ҲΪʮĳϽӷϴ
˵꣬Ŀ⿴ݣЦݣٱӭؼҡ
ӭؼң
ڶ޼Ҹ߲Ǿ˾Ʊ
ݵͷ͵һһ˵ʱĵӡĿӹ΢ЦĿ⣬ӹ·һ޼ҳ΢ЦĿ⣬ݵĵףȻһĪĸд
ʱ䣬˵˵̡̲佣εӰֻĶǣææµµҪ˵ûһ˿ƣ룬ǲܵġ
ڹһ䡰ӭؼҡȴǴĵһط
֪鳲ο˺
һֱΪԼһҪΪޱơȻһȴ֪ѪŨˮΣŵ޼ҵѪǣ֮£ǰ޼жٵıԹչ顭ļҡ
ͷ³һȻҲеľƱ¶Цݣллллλϣллλ岮
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Ϊǽӷ磬ǿԲδ׼衣޼һɸ߲Ժһ֮󣬱˿ȴȺѯ
ȻݵȥЩ棬Ŵԣһͣ˽̸ݣȴĻش
΢΢һ£漴һЦʵΪһɣ뿪޼ҵġ
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Ҿ֮ǰھѾҪΪӣȴǱܾˡʵһֱҶ벻סΪʲôʱϷ·뵽ʲôȻŤͷۡ
һɸ߲Ҳ¶˼֮ɫۡ
϶¶һ˿Ȼ붼ҪԼΪӣôû˵
ŴԣϵЦݽʧĬƬ֮˵ͷ֮ǰ붼ҪݶšҾܾˡ
һɸ߲ŴԶ¶˼־ȡ
ΪʲôҪܾ˫֡붼ǿǴ֮һĵط춼Ҫܼɣʽ޼ҴĺôΪҪܾ
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˫ǻһȻվô£
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ֱǰҲټңμҼķ䰵֮УһЩţ֪һϵеı󣬶붼Ӱӣ
־һЩ찵ãŽһЩԵɡ
â¶ᣬΪȴѾǿʢ俪һֶӡֶӲĵ֣ʱŹһȴһ״浽رϾ춼Ķͳ죬ŶԸ޼ңǽ赶ɱˣμңŪһħ֮ѡĹơ
ϸ룬鳳ֵķз붼ʵʵֻҪ̽㲻ѻһסǡԲض˵⴦ıġڵհҲΪ붼ΪУԴӶᣬǺģ˭
ΪһС£ݺ޼Һ󱲣˲㽫޼ٲľء޼ҳһҪ֮չȥȺ£
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˵ִ꣬һھƣۿ΢΢²Ѿ꣬һ˳˵ĳ졣ͬʱ˼֮飬ȴҲ⡣
˫ˣȴǱһ˵Ĵԭء֮˫ȭͷ߬ۿ֮УѪ˿
ڣҧгݣȻ֮ȴ
ǾްһĴڣǰ޼ҲǴɱĴڡȻٺޣʲô취أ
ݵĿҲ΢΢аâ˸
죬հйһ֮Եǵǹͷһֵͬһ졣죬ҲȷЩӡһۿȥ֪Ļر֮û뵽ԼġסȻ˴˵ı֮У


618 ޼Ҹ߲
һ˿ɱĴݵ
ȻûмᡣϾĸסݺ׵ףȻ֪ˣţ
һ˿âһ
֮һɸ߲Ҳлع˳Ĭ
ҲֻֻԶ޼˵ˡƱǿ޼Ȼų춼һң붼ҪԸ޼ҵĻǲҪκεġ
ûʵһжȻ
ǵܾСݼɣǼɺˣ
һֱĬŵһϣȻ˵
ҡҡͷ⵹ᡣһǵǸôʱһ깥طôҹհЩߣǽѾΪˡҹƣҲȥѯߡ
˴˷ŻȻѹ۸ҾܾԭǽơУҲǸŹֵͷҪ˵ǣ治̫ܡϾͷ໹ʵһˡ
һ֮ҡͷһЦû뵽ԼүүȥҲˣС
ˣϣǰҪΪӦʮص顭ô֪ģۺȻʲôĿϡ
ҡҡͷŵʵҲɺϣǴȥǱ¥ᣬǡþԱ붼ĵ̸۴£֪ġѯһģ֮ˡʮĳ˵ɣŸպһʡ
ۻȻ
ˣ˵ʮĳϣһɣŤͷݣѯʡ
ݳĬһ֮佣ڡ
佣ڣ
һѾ֪˵һ֮⣬˶һһȻɴ۾
󻪹Ĵ֮һ佣ڣ
Щȷѯһ䡣
ݵ˵ͷ
˻
ʱ
佣ʲôڣǿǴ󻪹Ĵ֮һ붼ĳ
ʲô
˶Ȼɴ۾һš
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Ҹʱ佣ڵһλʦ֡ʱѾҼ佣ڣʵһңҾֱ佣ȥġ֮󣬱˵˳Ҳûʲôñܵġ
ǸʱѾˣ˫۾һɣ漴Цãã
һɸ߲һ϶¶˸˷ܵɫ
佣ڡ޼һ󱲣佣ˣ
û˱Ǹζʲô
ζţ춼ҲѾûж˸Ҷ޼ˣ붼
佣ڣǲµĳҪ佣ڵӵļ壬Ȼڻ򶼸ҲÿǿǣǷˣ
ĴɵеĵӵλҲие׵ġСݣʲôݣ⣬ѯʡ
Ц洫ӡ
洫ӣϻȻɴ۾ŵĿݡ
ôһЩ߲㲻ԵɣЩеĿ򾪺ϡ
洫ӡȻ洫ӣ´ݣ̲סѯʣǡڵΪǣ
죬ڡ
˻
ٶ˶𰸣ļԶѣ
죿
ûǴĻ뿪ʱֻǵһڰɣꡭ̶̵ʱȻȻֱؿ
˶Ϣˡ֮ϲŻعݵдһЦѹ֡ѹ֡
ʵ֮ǰѾ𾪹һˣվǰҲȫһ㣬˿СȻֱһϵĸоǿƵĸоҪӵǿҼ֡տʼΪֻһִȻڲ֪ԭǡ
ԷΪѾﵽ˵죬ԶԶǵľ磬ԲŻָо
һ޼Ҹ߲㶼֪˵ʲôˡ
ʲô˱ˣǰ
һ꣬Ȳ˼ꡭԿ
һϵʱ¶˿ЦȷЩ̫ˡڣĲȡ
û˵ˣһݵУż־̾ۡҲ΢Щ仯
˵һʼֻǵĺ񿴺󱲵ôڣѾһ˿ηˡ
ǿΪȻһ֮УǿߣλҲǳȻĺܡ
ݣѾǷ˼ڶ֣ȴǵһҪλˡ
ˣݻᰡҲŶʮ갡ʮ꣬졭ǵȵʮʱ˭֪ﵽʲô̶ȣ
֮󡭡
ã޼д˿ܣγˣ
һϺȻЦͬ˱ף޼Խ
ɣ
˶˾Ʊʹᱻ붼ݺӰҲһ̣ɢȥ
ƱײЦӯá

һٷһֱ˽ʱϯһ޼Ҹ߲㶼ݵơ˵һʼӷ磬Ϊ޷ܾĻôĿʼˡ
ɲǲӡµΪֻպĳɳɲӡһ̬ȣҲҪͰĶࡣ
ȻҲ΢Цһһ񡭡Ϊٶľ¶ǣҲ˿Ժ
ڣϯɢȥ뿪
ձ֮գݶȻˣҲҪϯǡɢϯ۽סݡ
ݱƵģôһ˵ͣ˽Ų룬Ͼ޼ҵʮĳϡڼҲˣˣٲμȷʵҲ˵ȥˡڴˡҩѾûƳٸһ죬Ҳûʲô
Цŵ˵ͷ֪үүˡ
š۵˵ͷݱתȥ
ݶ
ݿҪ߳ŵʱۺȻֿڻ
ݽŲһͣͷ
۳ĬƬ֮󣬺ȻҪ嶯
һã˵ͷġ˵꣬תȥ
ۿ뿪ıӰãһ̾ȴ¶Цݡ
ˣ򸴺

¥ͷ
һаˣѡ
ָĹԲյƣЦϡ
ƹѲ˹ζ
޼ҵ֮˰ɣٺ٣һıɡƷ޼ȫأ޼ҵ涨Ȼʮֿĵġ
ٺЦšü䣬ȴһƬɱ֮ɫ
Ҫ⣬춼תһȦȻ˼صǿơЩ˾ʲôҲ˵׼һлСΪáİҡյ΢΢˶ٺ˵


619 ǧþ
Уô֪Ȼǲݵ׷ɱӥ˵ͷĿӥգһСġսپ޼һ֮󣬾ʮɽȥǴɽڻҲ׷
֪ˣ֪ˡϴŲںɫٺһЦץһ֮⣬
һԣһֱû˵ˣȴһۣ˱˴е˷ڴ
޼ң춼һңգ۷
һ˿Թ֡

Ȼ⼸Ǿûʲôöˡ
޼ңԺݵķС
̽Ѳһ֮ȴƳƲ졣
⣬š֮
л׵Ĵһ˿ӡ棬ݵǿѹ֮£һ˿Ӧʱ䶼ûУֱӱɢݵӡ
ⴢٶȿǱǰҪˡõǹҤĴһĹ򣬲ŽԷӡĨ𡣵ֻһתĨһǿߵӡв𣬼ֱԵˡ
ݵȻ֪ԼⴢʱӦûһ˿ӦġԷ£ֱˡ
һûʱָԪʱݸŰᱨ
һȻûʲôľӡҲѾһ˿ңӡ˵Ѵ֮
˵Ĵֿռ䲻ʮ׵ģ˼ƷʯֵǮ֮⣬ĶһЩʲôʳﰡȵȡûʲô̫ļֵ
һ֮ݽƷתԼĴУǷ棬ûڶ
Ҫ쾳ڣҪʮƷʯҲʣһˡ
ţҪΪպĽ㡣
ҩʦнַ׬ǮЩֶΡˣֻʮƷʯ̾ˡ
һ֮ݽǹͭ˳
ϸֻ꣬žԵúǹӣͨΪͭʣȥѾ˲ٵ£߲ͭԵʮء
֮ݳһЩԪȥȻֻ·ţ뺣һ㣬ûмκεķӦ
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ȻͬҲ֮ͬǰһ㣬֮룬ţ뺣ûмκεķӦ
ţ
üͷЩ⡣
žȻڵǿԱ֮бȻѰ֮á
ǡǧþ
ü˼ʱ򣬷ԴȵȴǺȻ
ʱһʵʶž
ЩȷҲֻ֪ǿžʱȻȻĳҵԺӦϵðɣ
֪ô߶𣿡ʡ
š·Ŭ˼Ƭ֮һ̾˼ĵʧ̫࣬Ҳֻǧþ֣ġһŶ벻ˡ
Ŷ΢΢üа˼
ȻԶʱĴڣӡж֪ˡȻʶžгȻžҲƾõ¡Ҹղŷһ䡰ǧþУԴһ˿ȵζȻΪļʶžĲԲŻǱʶĴһ˿ȡ
ȫʢʱھжǿҲ޷²ĳһԿ϶ǾǳǿеġϾڷڣɷӡϹ塣в˵һͷ;ǵֻ֮˲֪ٷ֮һ֮ͽ֮ѹסͿȫʢʱһǿˡ
ǿǱʶΪĶȻͨˡ
뵽ݵ۾΢΢˸˼¡
ԷзӡϹкܴĺ档״޾£ǵǿӹɡǣǾôʧģеϹ壬αӡģַһЩʲô
Щݺġ
ԣѰҷʧ꣬ݱȻҪȥ顭Ȼһ᲻ɹֻҪ̫վҵһƵġлꡱ˵׼һƣǡ⡰ǧþأ
뵽Լ֪һε֮У֮⣬ֻžΪջˡ
үү
˼ŵʱЩӵȴݻع̧ͷڡôˣ
үԷˡ
Է̧ͷһ⣬ԭɫѾ
Ѿʱ˰ֹһȻõģ
һݽžԼĴСȻվ߳˷䡭

峿޼Ҿһæµ֮С
ɵļ̨֮µĲٳϣѾվȺ
ǰԣ޼ȻӵǿʢϾܿĳֻˡѾһﵽ
һ򣬱һɽ˺ĸоȫһٳ֮УǸоǺƺƵˡ
˵ʮѾˣҲ֪᲻ϯ
Ȼϯ޼ҵʮĳϣҲͰˣˣȻҪġ
ģ˵һûʮĳء޼ĳϣҲ֪һ̬
ʮĳϽΪϵʱҸպڳҼһ桭Ƿ棬
ûûҲ
һ޼Һ󱲶˵ţǵۣΧ޼᳤ݵϡΪ֪ѾһΣҲȻϯ޼ΪҪġ
ݣѾ޼Һ˵ż񣬱ϾĹ£ʵ̫Ϸˡ
޼˵Ķӣѧϵķϲģһ޼ҡⱬ֮󣬱һʰΪһ澺Ȼ뵱޼ӲӲһ֮󣬾ȻӵˡȻ죬ǿƻع飬սԡһսв˶Ŀˣǿߵǿᣬһӳ޼ͨ˵С
ȻЯ೤ϳ֣ǣ˵ݺ飬ǣζı˽Ĺơζҳǳ޼ңҪһٸ޼ңӶǣ޼ҵڶһϡ
˵޼ܴ춼֮һΪ춼һң֮УݵӰӡ
ȻΪԣ޷뵽ս֮ȥΪᰡһЩʱ䣬ЩˣǸĶ֣
ƸΪ޼ĳϡ
ÿһ˳ӵи߹ݣõʵġݣһżģ棡Ĺ£֪ж޼Һ
һ֪Ӵ˳ΪͶӵĪӰĴ
ʱڵ˶һӢġʣݣǴ󲿷޼ҺĿеӢۡ


620 µԤ
ȺۣʱȻ߹̫ߵ˼̨İ֮ʱһȺˣڴϯ̨
Ǽǣ
ʱʱעŵȺʱˡȻ˵Ŀ⣬Լͬģڶ֮գǵĿ⣬ͣһϡ
һϮ׳ݿݣƮȻˣһݵȻһݴݵĸ೤֮
ᣬһȺӵ֮УԵĿ
ʮĳô
޼Һ󱲵Ŀ⣬ǿϣһΪȵĹâ͸¶
ǷּҵŮһۣҲŲˡ
̫һҫֻۣߣȴȻ˵ĿⲻıȥĴݣĵȻ·һݺݵĲǵķҲ޷
ؼΪĿһ֮ӣصĳ·ע͸Ŀ
ǸŮǿʳϣǰˣӵų󼰵ݵλԼǿʵֱŮ˵ˣ
޼ĳϡݣ

ݵıݶȻȻʵȴЩΡ
˫۾ֱĶʲôһָоֱڵ˼㣡
һ룬޼ҵʮĳϰܱЩĿܣ¶ʲôߺ֮ɫ
ǣǿֲڸУֻñϵĵȻݣԵ÷絭ᡭ
򵥵׵ľ룬ȴоϵĳ
ϯ̨˾㶼վáݣҲΪϣվǰš࣬۵ˡ·޼Һ󱲵ĿĿ⣬Ȼ
û뵽һ࣬ЩĿⶼӵ˹ɱ·˺ȴЩЦ뵽
˾ȻЩ˵Ŀ⣿Щʱ˵Ժ
ݲһۣкߵ֮ЩȻֻǷˣĿ֮ȴȻһ˿ǵ֮Щ֮Ȼǿ󣬵ǼȴҲ˸оˡɱ磬ҵ¡ĪĿȣȴҲ֪λӦˡ
˵˶٣ҡͷˣ˵Ҳ˵ϾˣΪĥĶ
ŶŶһȥ
ʱѾǰһ
ϵĿʱɨȥ쾳ǿߵĶƣ˲ȫ̼䣬ԭֵĹ㳡֮ϣʱžԭݵĿ⣬ҲɵĿһµۡ
ݵĳĬ֮϶Į
춼ԴȻһǧʮ꣬Ŵ¡
ۻɤ촫󣬵ڳÿһ޼ӵܣԸеԼһ㣬һʱ񼤵
۲Ľһǧÿһ޼ӢӢ¼
ڴ324괺һˣħʮڡ콧ϡգնħ֮
Ĵ޷㣬ڴ397궬Ϊȵ˧ɱ롮ħƼ䡯նħʮħɡ
Ĵ޷ͬ궬롮Ϲħ򡯣áħ޹ǧ󻪾ʿ
Ĵ桭



⼸ÿõĿֻҪ޼ˣÿ궼һΡȻٶ࣬ٴμµģǵĮն渵ʱе޼ˣ᲻ɵĳ
һĽ޼ѪᣬԺˮŻ޼ҵĻԻ͡Ϊ޼ˣʲôӣ
۵·ħǴʱգصǺƵʷ֮Уȥ֤һ޼˽¼
һѺˣ档
涼ǵˣкʸƵ֮У
Ҳϸĵţͷ̾޼Ϊ߲̫ߣȻһȺˣһ޼ң֮ǧ
ǧ꣬κ嫵һ£ʱһ꣬ǲ׺ɣһı仯οǧꣿ⵱У֪˶ٵ飬ǿʳ֮У޼Ȼ
޼棬ܲ˾壿
뵽ٶһ
ȻʱݵȻһĿ⳯һ˹ȥüͷ

һҪɱʹ죡
ڽ޼ǧʷʱھ޼ҲʮĿУ˵Ӱٳ޼ҿ
ϷŻɫâڿмɣſ³
ͷҪҪһµȻ˭ɱࣿĿ⿴һԵĹͷ׳
ͷ׳˸ŵɫâѿһЦüɱԣɱȵĹԣȾͱȣʲôͷ
Ʒʯô۾һʱЦ
ãͷ׳ҲǹһЦӦ
ˣμӥһˡ겻УѲΪﵽ˲B쾳ļˣԪ͸壬ܴһС
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Ƭ֮۾üЩԥƬ֮ҡҡͷֻûкǿҵΣСֲԴ춼еǼλ˵䣬Ťͷ춼ǵķȻмӴƣС
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˵ⷬӥҲٶԣһ£޼ҷжȥ


621 
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ٶȷ֮һֱĿǸݣĿʱһ
û˿ɣһΣԾ𡣶ڿУһâʱƳһ޽һֱ̤ƿնȥ

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һƬʱһĿɿڴĿŷݡסˡ
ƿշУ⣬ǲB쾳е
ͨ޼ҵӣҲһЩ쾳ˡһֱŵľ˳ɵ
쾳磬оءһΪ쾳Ϊ쾳Ϊ쾳Ϊ쾳ΪB쾳Ϊ쾳Ϊ쾳Ϊ쾳Ϊ쾳
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ҲûϵɣӣԷܵȫɱֺαҪһɱأüͷЩ֡
òһٻɱЩأ˶ǲB쾳ΪҲ֪ûзش󲿷ֶеġҪ޷һɱ𣬵Ƿ޷ӦԵʱ򣬵ϵԱĻֻ¡
˵ݲ뵽Աĳ
ײΪˣǰ˸޷ᲢۡԱ֮ȻǿĽΪƽءɴ˿ɼǰ˵СҪֻ࣬ҪһԱô޼ҲӴʧ
ԣѣһͱҪ˲ȫɱһô޼ҲͻӴ˳
⡭ҲǴ˴ɵɱǣҪһϢʱ͡ɱ֮һĻǿ˲ɱڵ֮ɱĻϾͲʣʲôˡʱƣԼǰɡҷʹɱ󡣡˵꣬ҲЩΡ
ݵüͷҲ
Ϊ˴֮ȻָһЩҲֻȫʢʱڵ֮һɱҲֻǿá֮Ǽʱһڡһпܶҡ
򲻵ѣԲᶯõġ


622 ǿնɱ
깥طǿйأݺȻͷһת˵
ϾǴ꣬Ȼֻʣ֮һ֮ҲԽB쾳ǿߣѹġ
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üͷһ壬漴̾
ֻ֮ѹƶԷһ˲䣬һ˲ͷһƬհס֮׼ͲȫʧȥʶˡΪݵ֮ʱûȥԵʡ
򣬵ҲǰԱˡ
쾳ǿԱݶ޷ֹ͸˵B쾳ˡ
뵽һ
ˣȳŹһ°ɡʵڲУʹɱ󡭡֮Աˡ
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㣬㣡
ӥԼǻ˵壬Ĵӿеȥͷ׳һB쾳ǿ߲˼ĿǰһĻȻĶͣڿУֳֺһĮݡ
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ͷʣµǲB쾳ǿֱɵסˡ
޼޼ӢꣿȡȴֻΪΪο⣬˿ǲB쾳ǿ߰󻪹ҲﰡݺħƼҲߵĴڰΪ𣿣
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֪ЩΪμҶӸղֱʱֻͷǰסжϿԷͷߣμ޶ԵˣȻҲΪͷߵĹϵŻġ
ȻѾɱʣµˣһΪ¶ƴϾзҲǼΪġһ䣬ûָ۷̶ȵġңҪһʲƸѰµķĲϡˣһΪͷߣķ˴ۡ
ȴ뿪ݵĿҲǷȫ͵ϮѾˡбҪǻῪɱģ
Σȶ֡һԱִۣҲܵġ
뵽ĿٶôҪΪ˱𣿡


623 ɱ
ĿĶ˵۾ֻҪй¶һ˿ҪƴҲԥɱ
ͷһB쾳ǿͬʱһۣ˱˴дδĻҡȻǹͷæǵģ³ç޼Ӣ飬ʵڸҵ͸ˣ͸ˣ
˵꣬ҲٹͣһΣʱһ򣬱ȥֻ˲䣬ѾʧݵС
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ĶˡˣȻԸΪͷ߶ʧԼķ
ݵĿ⣬뿪ķһۣӹһ˿âƬ֮󣬲ŵͷµ档
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ͷ׳һB쾳ڵǿߣڼٷš̶̵ʱѾԶ޼ңʮɽ֮С
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ͷ׳ߵĿݣݷָءʱ֮ĶԶˡ
ΪβŹǣͻȻЦһʵ㣬ҳ֡㣬Ź޼һ𣿡
ҡͷ׳죬ϵıȴǱúѿ
˵ǵġ仰ûڣֻ룬ԼˡĶԶˡ˭ɱࡣ
飬ЦЦĮΪǿһʱ޼ҵжŹΪƣʲôҷŹأ
ͷ׳Խѿһ˿ɫȻ뵽ʲôһ䣬˻ƵơƣԱ˼޼ˣԹŹʵϣȴûִ㣬԰ɣ
û΢΢һЦǳɴĳˡ
㣡ͷ׳˸ɴĳϣȴȻǺϾĿ¶΢Ц
ͷ׳׫ȭͷȻһĿͻȻдһ˿ôΪͿ϶Զ𣿡
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ף֮Ȼǿ󣬵Ҳǿⲻˣ
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ƴ¹˭֣δ֪
˵󣬹ͷ׳·ҵԼΪB쾳ǿߵţһӴƶʱ͸ܷµ졣


624 ȫɱ
ݾĿŹͷ׳֮꣬ȴΡȻһ̾һЦ̾ôΪô
ţͷ׳üͷʱһ壬۽ȴͻȻ֣һâͻȻ۽֮
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âŵ飬˲˹ͷ׳ϡУ͸¶ģľ
ΪҺㆪ£ǺĿĵôݵĻصĶࡣз⣬ȻȻһͷԵ
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ɵò
һЦ˵
ٺ١Ժ
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B쾳ǿߣ˭ûһǿıҪսʵǹͷ׳һʧȥϮЧҪƾŷıҪ²B쾳ڼǺѵġⲻ˽һսս治˵
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Ϯ˲ϮɱûзӦB쾳ǿߡȻһ࣬סͷ׳Ŀ⡣ʵϣʱ򣬷ѾڷĲ£Ƶ˹ͷ׳ˡ
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ȵͷ׳ʱ򣬷ٶȫ
ʮа˾ţҪɱġϾٶ̫ˡ
ʵҲ֤ݵжƣ׼ȷġ

Σݺܿҵͷ׳һB쾳ǿߵʬףȻ˵϶˴Ȼ
ȷûʲôƷ֮Ҳٳɣλһâ޼ƿնȥ

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ʱ޼ҵĴ֮Уŵʬ塣˵Ŀⶼһߵʬϣһڿˮŵѯʡ
һϵݺ࣬˵ͷ˵ûǰһֻǺ쾳ʱ򣬾μҼʱѾλμҳ֮СΪﵽ쾳
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޼ͷһݡʣǽˡ
ʲôμұ޼ˡ˫ʱȴǳԵ֮ƺҴʱ򣬾Ѿ޼ˡѾμѾǲݡСݼȻɱһΣСҲɱڶΣ
˵ȴ¶һ˿Цݵ˵ʦǣСݣҲǴɵĵӡң洫ӣҴ󻪹ڵһ޼Σ
˫ᵽݣصݶʱ΢΢һ
԰۸ӥǶȴһնɱ˸ɾȻᡣ
ʦݿǴ󻪹Ĵ֮һ佣ڵĵӣ֮󣬿ν죡ڴ󻪹ĵ֮ڡ¶Էܷȥɣ
뵽һͷʱһ˿ɸСȻһϵ飬Ҳ΢΢һɡ
ʮĳڣ޼ҸͲؾǡĳЦ˵΢Цס
֪УݣѾȻΪ޼ΪҪˡݡ
ţڰ
ʱһ峺𣬽źӰһһӰӿ£ֱ䵽˴֮С
ݻ˭
Сݣ
ݶ
ʮĳϡ
ڶ߲㶼æ
ݶղȥĶˣ
ȹĵѯʡ
һЦЩμһаˣղߵˡȥˡ
ˣһ漴⡰¡ĺ塣һݶ΢΢һ䡣
Ƕɵһ䡰ˡһ˿Ѫ֮ˡ
ʶǣһֵѯʡ
ӥ۵˶ʶ޼ңҲֻʶˡȴһڵԷμҵˣȴЩˡ
Ŷǵһʶ𣬵μҴķзλүһЦ˵
𣿡æʬзֱͷǼġȻǳϣҲ档
֮ĳָһѪģѾֱ治ʬףȷô
ݿһۣȻ˵ͷš
ڶ೤϶ǵһǹһۿ㣬춼ҲŵϺŵġȴһѪģӣ
ʱݵ˵ĸ߶ڽǧϣȸ߶׹䡭ҲΪﵽ˺ʮ㣬ҪȻֻѾһ̯ˣﻹȫʬ
˶ʤꡭӲǺáѹͬҲ࡭
֪˭ôһȴָӥ
üͷҡҡͷܿЩ˶Ǹ߹ģӦμЩǣȴʶʶ˵ţһϡ
һԵ˵ͷֽӥݽһ飬صᵽ˶Էʦӵз
ԣüͷһ£漴һЦӵзҲ뵽ʧһҪָԪҲҪ꣬Ҳ⡣˵Ǿ͸صˡ糤ԣԿȴڵĻôB쾳ڵΪǶòʲôġ
B쾳ڣڣݵĻȻ󲨡˴סˡ
ǲB쾳Ϊϲȷѯʵ
Ȼ˵ͷǰôˣ
ǣôɱģ㣬㲻ǲŸ쾳Ϊôȫɵˡ
B쾳ڵΪ˵ǿһˡּ䣬ͱɱˡ˲е𾪣
⡭һû뵽ϻ⡣΢΢һüͷȻҡҡͷԲ޿ɷ档֮һЩֶˡ
¹ش󣬾ֳġ


625 ŭ
ϴ˴֮Ҳعɫʱ¶֮ɫԼ˲ʵĶڨڨһЦٶԡ
ҷһ԰ɡδɣѵˣת⡣
ȻѾǰɽǻˡӦòˡȥɡվ˵
ˣҾͲȥ˰ɡվ棬ܲڡȴڴʱҡҡͷ˵뵽֮ǰվ̨ϱΧ۵ָоҲƤ˶
ղǵ˵ֻ񻹻ӿȡǲٸһˡ
֮ҲٶȳǰҪһɧ˵ͷҲУ˱ɡ
šݵ˵ͷ
λԼ˫쳽ˣ뿪
ҲˡһҲվкһ֮Ȼĸ뿪
ݿ˿ãȻתԼķԺȥ
Ҳ֪B쾳ǿжٲƸأУڴš

쵰
󻪹֮ңĳһɽ͵Ļ֮УһӴɣ˵ء
һɫ֮УɵķΧԵ÷Ĺ
һɽ֮ϣȻһ̺ױȵķŭȥסɽ֮ϵĵһǻһЩɷɻĿϷĳȻ˿֮ȴһҡҡͷȻ첽뿪
УǷŭȻģȴǲ
ߣ۾ۿ֮УŭѪɫһ˿ɫѪ
ϸһӥ˭
޼ңʮĳϣãܺã
ŭӥۿѪɫ
Ҳ޷һڵļһȻһ棬ͽɱ˿Ӧʱ䶼ûУ
ܲŭ
ױȵı
ӥ˫ֽ׫ֲӯÿһ˷·ǵ˼޵ʱܻᱬըһ㡣
ˣ
ڴʱһȴͻȻ𡣱ŭеӥĿݺݵתƵŴ˭
ʦ֣ҡ
⣬ߵУͬżֱ
ӥĿһϵĿֲʱɢһЩȻߵſڣš
⣬վһͬɫ԰ףŭ֮ˡģǻꡣ
Ҳɱˣӥֻһ֮۾ӹɭȻ֮ɫ
šǻؽҧͬѪĪһбɱ
ӥ飬Խ
ʦ֣
Ȼ˵ʲôһ䣬һ˳¥֮ǰB쾳ǿߡɫͬһƬ԰ףȻż־֮ɫ
Ҳɱˣô£ӥۿˡ
ǶԷµĽB쾳ǿؽҧ԰дһ˿壬ȴԹһɱˣúʦȥȴº׷ɱһʱ͵Ϯɱʦƺڼš
˵Ҳɱˣӥȴһ𣬺Ȼ˵
ҧ˵ͷӿһ˿ߡ
£ƺûһԵĻ꣬ȴɴ۾Ȼ
ˣ㶼Ĭ

֮ӥؽҧ
һΣǿˡ
˵ǷƲϵķãһʧҪ֪ƷĲϣɲͨϡǾɱħƼһﱸģǲϵķãÿһͳƷʯѾħƼЩһ룡ۣôľˡ
񣬷䣬ʵȻ½һأҪȻͱķѴĲƸȥѻҪȻҪķѴʱȻһʹˡ
ȻҪǡˣ
£ûзġ㣬û˭ΪѵǸ
ʵΪµʵ̫ҪƳһ߶ķôռõķϣ⣬Բһϡ
ôõĲƸȫƷĲˡһǵõĲƸҲȫƷĲϣѾ⡣㷵֮󣬾;Լķġ룬ûüƣȴǺ˴˽١
ӥϵıѾȫŤ
ԣȻΪµıе˷ŭؼǡŶӵУµҪˣ
γЩվֲؾȫǿ¶Σյĸ֪ž㶼оյĶȹġ¶Ƕԣίʵ̫ҪҪû£˭Ҳұ֤һνؾǰǰ㰲ȫˡ
Ҳ˵µǶǵĲ·ˡ
⣬ӥŭԭ
ʦ֣ڣô죿
ɫͬҲѿ֮˭Ҳû뵽Ϊдһ£Ūȴġǡ޼ʮĳϡֶΣ겢Ϊǹͷܹһ١
£꣡ӥױȵĺ⣺Ϊ쾳ڣӵɱûв´ȻΪǱҲǾƷı
ʧСֻҪõǼʧҲ㾡ֲˣ
ʱѹ¡䣬˼ҲҪһЩʱһֻ»侳硣
ڴ󻪹ҲЩѣ㾪ǵģȴǲˡ
ߣ޼ҡҶȻҪǹĺܲܡþȶ֮޼ʮĳϣҲ֮ʱ
ӥϣ޾ŭ𡣷µ䣬ķŭˡŭҪԶμұĳ̶ȣ
ĴҪ޼ȫĨ
Ա߻һ֮ҲĬĵ˵ͷ󣬸ȥ

ȻôƷʯ
ԺݵķС
Զ֮飬Ȼʱӥ˸˶档
һ֮ȴա֮𾪣ȴǱľϲ
̫ˣƷʯҵΪͻƵˣ
ݵȻɣҪľǴͻƵʱ䡣ĹƣҪͻƵڣҪʮƷʯҪﵽڣҪʮ
Ȼӥһ˵ĲƸȴԶԶĳ󡭡˴еƷʯȻ㳬˰
һӴĲƸݻδȲƸ
Ȼ֪ʵ⻹ֻһжˡĲƸԶԶֹôһЩôһֱħƼ䣬СؾҲΣջǾˡ
ֻҲħƼ仹ǷǳΣյģʶÿһؾ֮Ƕ᷵Լţŵ𴦡ֹһʲôʣʧ


626 
һΣǻûķţǱҵɱ޼
ǿɱ޼ңʵֻһд顣ֻҪеЩڷֵķհˡʶδ¡
һѡ۳УշУʵҲΪһؾ֮Уķʱ䡣ʱֱʱʱ̶̿һֽ״̬ҲŸ޼ҵʱúõķɷɡϾǳʱþڽ״̬УҲк顣
ҪɹСһЩҲһͻᱻ˷ˡ
Ҳǵùǡõ˷ݹһ˵棬ȫˡ
ĽƷʯȫתԼĴ֮ݼĶ
ǡӡ򣿡
Ҳ֪˭ĴȡһڽɫƬʱݵĿ⣬ʱ΢΢һ٣ϸ
ֻһƬƴСͨڽ֮ɫ󷨣ȥһ֮ϣдֲͬơС׷Ӱӡܡ
ȵȵȵȣһ㡣ʮš
ݵ۾ʱ漴ȴҲ¶˼ңã֮ǰ˲ǽǻɱˡ򣬵óЩӡֻ¾Σˡ
ȷΣաЩӡȫƷ½ϵġڵΪֻֻҪʹһţæˡ
ʱͬҲǴݵԺ
ݶʱ΢΢һѯʵʶЩӡ򣿡
ӡѣȻʶشֱ׳
ԣϱ¶˼ֳ˼֮ɫ
ӡȻҲ֪˵ʵ⻹ǵһμʵ塣
ͨ佣ڵĸ鼮֪ӡǷǳһִڣֶΪʷϲ㣬ѾΪ֪ԣڵǿߣѾûа취ˡеķӡ򣬾ǳħƼϹż֮ء
һ۾ϳ֤ӡӦǳϹʱڵġ
ϹʱڹȻǿ߱ȿƷҲݲп
ܼǵõ鱻үүȼΧ˲Ϣ֮䣬үүԼϵλõĹ졣ͨºĵ飬޼ҵղ鷿аڵֽǶΪΪƷ½׵ķӡ򡣾Ȼӵʱʱͣٵǿ
Ʒ½ףǰ㾪ˡƷ½ϵķӡ򣬸жô˵
пһ֮ݽ֮ҲɨԼĴУȻȥ
˵ĲƸȻǾ˵ǿԽȥݵԽǾ̾һЩУвԾĸƷ׵ĵҩƷߵģһöƷ˵ҩֵ㣬öҩֻ¾ͼֵʮˡ֮⣬ÿ˵ĴУٻһƷϵķǹǷ
ˣݵֶ˼ˡҪǿ֪ˣǵĽͨ첻ɡ
ףʲô
ȻݴӴóһһֱһߣְ˽֮״ȥЩǰİԡݲԵУͨ˸ɵĹâȥء
Ŷ֮ϵ󷨡ӦԻ֮󡣡һ֮󣬺Ȼ˵
ݶʱ£ʲô
ݴδӴ󷨣Ȼĺ塣Ĵһ󷨳⣬ЩʱæĽŲմأûʱúõȥоһ£ǷһߡȻеרҵˡ
˼壬󷨵ĻһһЩɵģ൱ӦþԲɡ
֮ϣȻֶͨν֮֮ϣγһƶ󷨡ҪʱԪһ룬˳ȥ̼佫һΧڻһƬ󷨡ˣֱӾ󶯷֮أ󷨱ʧǷ㡭㿴ı棬ӦһǶʯİ۲ǡϸ˵
СæȻһ棬һССۣǡÿһƷʯ
֪Ļͦడ¶Цݡ
Ҳ֪ô£еĶȻȻľʹӼ¶Щȴֻϡ𣬵ȴ޷䡣ЩΡ
İɣһᾡռġʱҲͻָˡЦŵڣҿԽĺݣԼˡ
šӦһҲڴȻԼԼݣҲǳ˺档
ЦЦ֮󣬼ȥ
ףⴢУһݺȻ֣һڣȻһżֺ棬ݽ֮ȡ˳ּ֮һ𣬱ǽⴢϵӡȫɢȻʶ̽С
ǡһȻⴢеƷ֮ȴȻɴ۾
Ʋϣ
һ֮ݵݣȴͻȻѪɫһɿϲȫ
Ѫ裬ź۽ꡭ
һ˳ÿһ֣ϵļͶһһƺʱ˫۸ԲɣԼ۾
⣬ǡϹŻ
һͨ徧죬Ө͸һĺɫ״Ǵתš·ԣǺֱײ·Ҫʲôһ㡣Ϸһȴһɫ档κֱײҲ޷ɫâ֡
ݣȴѾȫסˣɵĿǺֱײĺɫ澧壬ȫ֪ηӦ
ϹŻ⣬Ȼ֮һϹŻ
УûбԴ֮зѳһ֡ϹŻ£Ҳֻѳʮݰˣ֮У̺ž춯صĪܡ
һֱΪֶǴ˵еĴڡʶδйʲôͷȥѰִڡ
û뵽ڴ˿ִ̣˵еȻǰеĳǰ
ȫɵ֪ηӦ
ϾϹŻʵ̫󵽣֣˸桭
ȻЩϵĲϣΪϹŻ׼ġĿģΪƳһ
һ߷Ƴô츳֮£Ǿ͵൱ˡ
źΪǣѪΪ裬۽ΪѪѪΪġټϹŻΪ顭
߷ƱҲͰˡƣǾĴڣ
⣬ҪٵĴڰ
ݣҲǰһϵеﾪͷĿѣڸ


627 ƴ
߷һƣֻҪõƷ׹ôԿ϶ȣֱ˵һǧﶼݣ
ôֱʣЩûǧֻ꣬ǲܴɣҲһ˿̾
ݿٵĵԼȻһ˿˷ܣȴΣҲ޷εġ
ϹŻֶǰҸ붼󡣵ЩϣѾҵǰǲƳɷԼҪԼˣ
ݻǲԣʱҲƽ
̫߷Ƴ֮󣬽һֲֿˡ
˵ΪһչԶˮӵмǿ׺κιˮԵĹ䵽УǶ°빦
ȻչϹˮϢɢ֮ĲϹˮ𣬼ֱ֮ͬն
ϹŻϹˮͬĴڣȴΪƳķǸһ츳
޷󣬵޷
֮ܲҪٵĴڣҪȫ׼ܿʼơǿѹͷȲȶԼ
Ҳ֪ɫʲôȻܹѹƵסϹŻҪ֪ϹŻ֮УΪ񱩵Ĵڰ뵽ݵĿⲻɿϹŻ֮ϵɫҲЩ档
ʣȻҲһֻȴȥһɫâʧˣϹŻĿֻ֮˲ܽմȻжˡ
ϡǵãⴢƺǰġҲ֪ǴʲôطõЩġ
ϡǴǰϵõġ
˯˾ͷΪٻҪķһЩʱղܽһȥռƲء
ƷȻѾճ̵顣ƲѰáȻҲҵһЩ۲ϾͿʼϾǿԼķպԼɾ͵Ȼܴˡ
ôһϵĲϣӵϹŻȴ˵еƷƷ֮տڰ
ȽҪ꣬Ȼר׼Ʒ֮£
ݳһֿ˿ϹŻ֮ʶ뿪ǴȻ֮ԼĻСҲҽⶫŽԼĴСϾԼĴ滹ͼЩҪĶһϹŻ됈䣬һ½ٵյĻԼɾĿ޶ûˡ
һ򣬾һСһΪ
ЩҲٳɣվ
գȽƺðɡ
ţ뿪˷䡭

˵ʲô
Ժϵı̴΢΢һЩ㡭ҵƸԭ
ݿǰĴ̣һ˵ͷš
棬棬ĿԻָݿ϶Ĵ𸴣̴ҲЩ
Щһֱֵĺƽϸһ룬˭Ľ˫Ȳзϣ˫Ŀʧʹ̴ࣿ˵ʾѾϰָоֻԹҲûõġ
һݾȻƸԭУʱϣ
ĿٶߣɵĿһԼҪĶ𣿱̴УЩ
һԵſС죬һ֮ɫȻҲ仰ŵˡ
ھͿʼơ̫ġ΢΢һЦдšѷƵķаɡ
˴æӦǡ
һͬص˱̴ķС
뿪ȥܹܣŰɡݿ
ǡæӦ˳⣬Źˡ
ϴ֮˼뻹Щ㱡
ϵ˵֫壬Ҳ³
ЩŽɡĳȥȥˡ

̴ŻЩʹ̣С˯һɡ
Уֻʣ̴ݿ˵üĽâһһִЩڴı̴ֻĴһ㱣Ȼ˯
̴ѾʧȥʶŷִӴУװšɢƿȡ˳
ɢַĩ״ɫʺ죬ȥѪҺһС룬һЩɢȻִӴȡһƿеһЩһıɫҺ塣ʱһ㣬˳̼佫䶼
ݱ΢΢鶯һ֮¶һ˿΢Ц
ɫҺ壬һΪۡѹեɣһЧҩºͣڴʱ䶼Ϊҩҩ
΢ζһ֮󣬱ɫҺʱһ뾧Ө͸ĺɫҺ壬ҩ
һȻҩСĵι˱̴ĿСԼĪȥһ̣֮ͣһ¡
˵ֻ꣬ӹһ˿ɫָ絶ʱӳֻ˲䣬ĵ⻪ʱָ䣬ֱ˱̴˫Լ˫Ŀ
еı̴ҲһѪʱŷݾȻ˲佫Ͳȱ˵˫ȴڳȡһأ
²ֻͣɿĽʣµİ롰ɢɿĨ˱̴˫Լ˫֮ϡ
Ȼ鷢ˡ
ֻһȦɫâʱȻڴڲλ˸
һΣ̴󡣵һţѹ˱̴ıŨԪʱ̴ڵҩ
ֻǴڲλĺ⣬ԽŨģȫ
ţ
еı̴Ҳڴʱ̲סüͷ
ݲ䣬Ȼš
ȻֻǴ֮һɭȻ׹ǣĴ˳
׹ǣ磬Ѫ⣬Ƥ
һĻݵУҲ¶˷ܵ飬Ȼӿ
һΪпĹ̡Ȼ̴ϾѾз˽ʱ䡣ҪпڣȻпܴµĴڴ̣ʹ֡ǱԾѹƵĻԹȥ˵ı̴ȻʱʱĻţԽĲ԰
֪ʹֻʱġȹȫ֮ʹͻʧˡʲôΣա
ԣĵĵȴ̴Ķ֫Ҳڻš

ʱɿš
żڴҲżŵڴȥһԿ̲ס˿ŵķš
ѾȥһʱˣʲôҲûдֻҩʱʱǽյķ֮Ρ˭Ҳ֪
Ϸˣ³˫˫ʾɡ
⻳У̲סЩڴĳˣҲԳ֮Ϊ񼣡˰ɣš
޵֪ϵֽţǲٳġҪȻҲɱڻˣ
ȴʱԵرػ˲֪ٴ֮󡭡
֨һ죬ʱæŷŷȥ


628 ݵӰ
һɵĴ˳ǣȴδ̴
үæ
ݵ˵ͷȻȥó׼һ࣬һЩҪһ¡
æӦǡ˵꣬첽ųȥȻǺ浽˼£ݵûеΥġ
үݣЩڴ
Ϣء߰ɣȥ㷿䡣ݿһ֮Ц˵ЧΣԼ飬Ϳˣ
ŴԣҲû˿Ļɣ飬ʱ鲼աǾҵĲлллүллү
һЦҲٶԣǳķȥ

գͻȻ˵̬ڷԺһūǰʱ˶ˡ
Ժ˭֪Ϸܹܲзϵ£Ϸһ˷ܵȥĴۿǴӴ翪ʼһֱſĵЦݡԭյ䣬Ѿһֻ֮£ֵƤ۶ǿ׳ԵЩֲڶˡһֱϵ֣ҲѾʧȡ֮ģһԾ˫ϸĻ۱ۻҪ
ɢĽ׵ҩ仰˵Ȼ쾳ˣҲһܽӴĵ֮֫ʹһ֮Ȼԭĺ壬Ҫǿ˲١
˵ں쾳֣ѾһɱˡͨĵУ˼ַֺ
Ȼ̴˫ȣͬҲεĴڡ
˵ǰı̴ֻ޸֮ͨ˵Ļôڵӵһ˫ʮǿߣ¶Ҫ۲ѵ˫ˡ
ԺһūͼǵУѾ˼ˣʮĳݣˡ
ϵ˵ֽţүж³ⲻֶΣʲô
һݷĿУŨŨľη֮ɫ
үǲõġ
ʱ䣬ָ˫˫Ŀı̴һò͡ϯ̴һ˫˫һֱΧˣϴԿĵɫУһ
꣬ΪԵʣôǵȴѡԼȻȻ˿ίˡ
үˡ
أȻǰ˵
΢΢Ŷʲô£
үȥϯյϼ
ϼ
΢΢˴뵽ꡭ磬ݵλʮֱ΢ϼʱո¶ͷǣӴ֮ġ˵ϼһеġ
һ뵽ϯ̨ĿܸоЩɡϾԼֵ˵ֻ½ЩȵĿ⣬ǿһЩ
֮󣬻վȥŤͷ̣̣ȥˡ԰ɡ
̴Ťͷݣ¶Ⱥ͵Цݵ˵ͷȥɡ
ݵ˵ͷȥȻڴ⣬һūڵ
ūһݹæūʮĳϣ
ݵ˵ͷ߰ɡ
ʮĳϣ룡
˵꣬ͷǰ·ֱӳ۵ġʨ󡱶ȥ
ʨڣ޼һɸ߲㣬һ֮⣬Ѿڴ˵Ⱥˡ
һ޼ݼΪȻ򲻵ѵ£Ҳ׵ȥŵϼ飬Ҳó档
ݵڶ޼Ҹ߲㶼һһĳкģһжż־ηϾȻݵ걲СΪȴ޼ҵ֮ĵһˣȻֵˡ
ΪݵүүȻʲôηУֻǶ΢΢ͷһЦ֮󣬱վ߰ɡ
һ˱ǳŲٳȥ

գϼ޼ǵϵǷּҵĵ˵ʮҪһ졣Ϊһεϼ֮󣬽Щпܵõ޼ҵĴճΪˡ
һҪӵй˵츳֮⣬ҪģǸԴӵԴȻӵиĻͷأΪǿߡ֮ã
ĲٳԵʮ֣ǵϵǷּҵӵܣһĦȭƣԾԾˡ
ŵʮĳϣһϼ֮ϳʣȻһ·֮ƳΪ޼Ҷ˴ΣҶȻҲҪˣһʮ˽Ļȭͷ¶֮ɫΧͬ鷢˺׳־
ţʮĳұӵܵĿģһգȻҪͬȼ磡
ûû
һʱ䣬Χ˶˶־һС֮ϣޱȵ㽡
Ƕκһ˵Ƿǳ顭һ壬еӻᾴηĳһˡȻܱ˶żģȴࡣϾǿߣ󲿷ֶҪȺǴ̫̫࡭γһǿҵĴֻηǳݡ
ȴһ㣬Ҳʮˡ߰ǰеĻֻȺ굱еһԱѣȻ߰ȥˣȴΪ޼ǿĴڣʵڸе޼ҵһĪĹԭǿ߾ԼңԶֻҪŬһ죬ԼҲܳΪ˵еǿߣ
ֹġ񼸺޼ҵĺǣӿһɺ֮磡ɷ֮У˶ŬšԤһֱ˳ȥ޼ҷչ׳֮տˡ
Ȼ˶äĿֹšȺ׳־Ҳÿһ˶
ǿЦģʮĳЬ䣬ȻҲ֮ᲢôԱһͬ꣬Χ˵̸֮¶мЦ
˵ʲô˵Ŀʱ꣬¶ơ
ղ˵ʲô
˵ʮվ˸Ь䣬ȻҲ֮Ტôɣٶ˵һ顣
һʱ䣬Ů涼Ǻ
ҵȻʮĳᲢۣչĿ꣡˳ԴȴΪΣ˲ĺ˳˶ǡ
ߣʮĳˡշ裬ǿ֪ʲôܰ쵽ôȴһЦǲ֪ηշ裬ǿҪﵽ쾳B쾳Ϊܴﵽǵ쾳ʲô֮£һ쾳ڶ쾳쾳쾳ȻǵB쾳
춼붼ͳ죬ΪҲ쾳ڶѣ
Ϊ߲ˡʮĳ˺ֹǧ򱶣ȻҲҷҪ֮ȼ磿ͺһȺϽҪǿЦһЦ绷ˡ


629 ϼ
ڶಢ쾳ֲ꣬㶼һԭ쾳֮ϣȻô໮ôʮĳݣȻǵȽ׼ߵĴڣ
һ붼춼ͳ죬Ҳڡζţʮĳϣ˵ΪҪߣ
춼Ϊǿߣ
֪һԺУǴ˷

ΣʮĳݣȻΪ޼ŵĻ⡣Ĺֳʵ
ȻĪĵ֡
ܵɽȥȻĪǻҲ֪ʲôˡ
֪ʮĳ϶ŵġӦòͨ˰ɣ
ӥ˵ݣ۸ϾԷ̫У˶ӣһй¶ȥ޼ұȻʲôôԣ޼Ҹ߲֮⣬޼ҵˣ֪Ѱ˾ʲôݡ
ʲôݣʮĳڣ޼Ҹκˣ˶ݵΪѾﵽһäĿĳݳ̶ˡ
շаǿǷУͨһ㣿
ǣ˵ʮĳϣǿ쾳еľǿأ
춼һǿߣ߾ˣ
ôᣬѾ춼һǿ˰


˵һֱ۵˵ĵ
ͬһ㣬һ֮󣬹㳡ƵĿĿ⣬ǺޱļеϡڸоЩʵͬʱҲ΢΢̾Ϣ
߰ǰɴδԼһ˵Ŀ
ϵϯ̨޼Ҹ߲׷£ڹ㳡룬Ѿһ̨ǰڷŲⶨΪǿʯ꣬ʯͷ֮ǰݵһ޼ˣ¶ķâ
ضͷҲЩп
һ޼Һ󱲡˵ʵݵͬԾϸ̨ȻĿ֮£չʾԼ
Ϊģϲ˷ܵСͨ졣δﵽģһʧ䣬Ȼһ㡣
ʱϯ̨ϵģݵһɳϣ˫֮⣬һĵϵӵܡվϯ̨Ĳ棬ݵĿ⣬ǡɨǡ
ĿɨǵʱȴǷ֣Щ˶͵͵ĿԼԼȥˣһɫ΢΢죬æƿĿ⡭
ˣƽǶǰ콧ϴϧҾҪǰ᪻ţһΣֻˡ
кȻޱ
ʵڵһݾѯʹޱƵϢ֪ޱˣѾɳΪ޼ҵȻΪ쾳ȴҲѾǺ˲㣬Ųǿˡɵ콧ϴһڣʱܹˡ
뵽Ҳ΢Щʧ漴ҡҡͷ
ν֮᪻ҪףǱȻҲص޼ҵġʱٽǻҲˡ
콧˵ܶΣδȥ޵һսӵһ޴ķ֣쾳ϵ޶һߣá
Ƿֱͬһ쾳ϵΪʵ̫ǿͬ㣬޷֮йǺ쾳ޣȴͬС㣬ǿԴ֮ͨġ⣬ҲΪʲôҪǲĶפصԭǿߣгǿߡ

ϼһƬȵķΧ֮Ļ
жʮ޼ҵӣõڵʸ񡣵עȺõʱһǰͦأ¶˷ȵĿ⿴ݡֱ΢΢һЦǵ˵ͷ֮˷֮Ǳ˳һ˷ܵ⣬ϲʤ
ݣڿ޼Һ󱲵ĿģżӰǿǷͬСɵġ
ǰһȵĿ⣬ݲòЦһͷȻתȥڴǽʥõ飬Ȼֲģ˫ٰ졭Ŀǰļһ˫ͻƵ죬۾ͻλ˫λˡ
޼һֱĴͳ󱲵гǿߣͿԴλˡ
Ҳ߱ʸ񡣲һϲͬҲΪ˩ڼλʲôõѡ񣬹ʶδἰֻǸһ峤ϵݡ

صԼУڴϥĿֱӴ졣
棬ҪʼƷˡ
ڴ֮ǰҪһͻơϹƷʯӦѾ㹻ҽ쾳ˡ
ӥ˸ݴ˴еĲѾ㹻Ÿ쾳ڳˡ
һͻ㡭֪ʲôоأһĨЦݡ
һͻƣ㱩Σڵľűָоֻԡ
뵽һȵһ״̬ͻ֮ʱκε©
ţ˫ɫ⻪ȻΧ˸

ݿʼ״̬Ϊͻ׼ʱھ޼룬ʮɽ
һطָľ޴߲ʹĻƾնĻӲ֪ͷ
·Ѿǧ꣬أҡһɺȻɣϢȻȻģ
£һƬԨԨԶͷ·һ޸ӲĽһ룬˴˵أһ룬˵صס
Ԩͷ޷·Ρֻϡһֲ֮˻֮ԨľͷȻ˻ҽСأ˻ǡ
Ԩ֮ϵأǻɫѷǺɫѪɫ
ѪأôػΪѪɺɫѪ̫ãµ߲ȻԨ֮ϵأȴǺɫ߲Ѫɫ
Ѫɫ
û˵أ˾㤺ͺպģ޵ǰ֮ءѪԨ˵ص䣬ȻҲѲ³ΪԨ֮ϵѪӵɷȻ
һǺ˿ġΪһ㲻ܹôߵԨٴ˴СôȻ׺ƥĴڣͨˣ֮
ʱ˵أȴһӰ
ӰߴȻֶۣ紵죬Σȴûһ˿Ļζ
㲻ÿȴӲʡԼʮ֮Уȴ͸¶˵Ĳɣ·ʮ֮£סģǧꡣ
վѪԨ֮ǰһֲ˻ԨңңĴ·һʯᶨ֮С
ãڣ³һһ˫ɣĿ֮У͸¶һ˵ζ
һת꣬׺ɣǣҲҪô
Ȼһ̾ΣϢ䣬ʧ˸Ӱ١
ȻǺص߲ʹĻȻȾѪ޵ԨȻǿֲķ˻𡭡
·بſʼһֱδ


630 ѪԨ
ѪԨĺʮĵطһƬɫȺЩҲ֪ٶһߣ˳ȥҲ֪жﳤСС¾ɲһ
УƫԶɽ˵أȴ˵뷱١
һγһ̡ƽ֮ϣģȴǵ̯
ˣһ㶼Ϣ뺷Ѫˡо󲿷ֵˣŻصơˣȻһɹѪɱζ
ϺõĽҩѪڣЧ
ҲݣѪڣǽҩǶҩ
ģǽҩҪҩҲУҪҪ
գôݡ
ݣҪ򣬲͹⣡ϺõĽҩ˷ڣЧ˦ˣÿƿֻҪٽ𣡡
˷ֳһ˵Ļ
֣ҩٵô
ҩе𾢣һʵǴĻЦѯʡ
ߣһʮˡݿƮݣϸ۲ĻܲƮݵıһѪ
˲ףϰʱ֪
ЦٽѾˡҲ֪ѪԨѵġǶҲǷ˲پŴԶЩҩƷ
Ǻǣֲ֪סٽȴ̫˰ɣºһЦطֳɫĽҩҲʮҰɣ
һ⻰ϰȴǲˣطˣȥطαѿࣿ
µ˼ֻǡȽϴܵĻϰ㿴ǲܸЩϾ⽲һϸˮ˵׼պǻкĻأȴ΢΢һЦвδΪϰĻʲôŭ⡣
ŶϰɫһЩҪ٣
ϰж٣ȴһЦʵ
ж٣ͳԶ٣ϰ岻ŵķʡ
̫࣬һܳµġº͵ĵ˵ͷ
ϰüƿ֪ﲻ̫ƽʮƿ㿴
Ŷ۾һȻЦʮƿĻϰܸʲôۣ
ϰü룬ȻҧҧҿҲʹˣ˲˵ȷⶫطֵʲôǮѪԨⶫҪԾͲ˵˰ɣҲҪķѴҪðű޵ķա˵һƿʮҪߣ
ʮôһ£Ȼͷʮʮʲôʱܽ
ˬ죡ϰһЦָԼеĻֻҪͿˣ
áҲЦŵ˵ͷ鷳ϰһ£Ͼͽ˵꣬˵ͷת뿪

ʮһƿСӵǮ˰ɣ
ͷӵɴ۾ŭȳΪ̫һ֮£űļ򣬶ʱһƬѪӴ̲סʹһ졭
У죡Լ㶼˳ʲôˡҲ֪ô£˵ıǴĽҩѾ౾ֵܽöٲϽ˭е
ǹͷıֶʱԱһӢͦģòŮӷŭˣͷһٳ
⡭ͷȻЩŮӣֹһ֮˵˵Ҫ¡
㣡òŮ۾һɣҪ
˵䡣ʱǿƮݵ꣬ȴֹŮӵĻŮӺߺҲ硣ֻǿżı飬ŮӵҲ˼ϧ֮ɫԥƬ֮󣬻վߵǸ׳գ˵˵СĵĴ½˽ͷϵıǵĹͷһ죬ȴЩüЦ
˵Ⱥˣ޼ɵ˴˵صһˡǿƮݵӣ꣡
һԻϲԩңҲ¶˼εĿЦҡҡͷ֮ſڡ
Ķһʱ䣬ò˼µŮӣվ
ӹһ˿ԣܿǻعҡҡͷ֮˹ȥƣҪȥչͳĶһˡȥ𣿡
ޱƷ·ʲô飬Ȼϣ΢΢عһ֮ҡҡͷˣҾͲȥˡȥɡ
Ŷ۵׷ɿӹһ˿ʧ漴¶Цݵ˵ͷУúÿֳȥչͳ˵˵ҩ¡
ޱƣĵ˵ͷÿ˳ȥ
Ӵ̣кã֪Ա㣬вапɥš
׳գ˽޾ôصˡôȥŪ㣬㳤ԣߣȴţּӴ˵
вҽвѡ
ޱŤͷˣ¶һ˿΢Цҡҡͷ
Ƭֺ֮Ȼһ̾Ŀ֮⳯⿴ȥ
ˡҲ֪Сڹô

ʱɿšתۣʱ䣬ȥ
ܺãһ׼ԾԳˣ
е۾һȻ˳ȥ
һʱһ޽ݵĽ¡һתʱʮɽķ򣬷жȥ

ڶߺХɿķɳţ·ľ²ͣĵˡ
Ƭ̵ĹѾɳʮɽ
ʶʱ·һɨ̼Ƿ֣ⷽԲﷶΧ֮ڣۼ˴ޡΪǿģѾﵽľء
ͻ֮УиšȽЩ޾ȥ˵
뵽Ŀ֮УȻһâΪԲģâʱƿնȥ̼䣬Ѿʧ֮С
һ籩ƾնϯ
ɫâ粨ˣƳܵײޣһģϨǿһЩģһ˲Ĵ֮󣬶ʱĺûĳȥ
ֻƬ̵ĹΪԲĵķԲﷶΧڣûκһޡ
ݵϣ¶Цݡ
֮󣬹ȻǷ˲١ҪǻǰԼһ㡭
վԭأһͷתԲﷶΧ޾ԾˡǺεǿڵ꣬ݿɲԼǡ
ڣȻˡ
Ҫʹã
⾪޿ûáΣգʵࡣʱ䣬ͣǿ·춼ʮɽǰЩȻ޼ңȴסʶԣѯʷ˴õǿ顰˳
ܼ򵥵ģڰһƷʯȻһԪ֮ȥˡݵԺ
ԶУƷʯ밼֮УȻһԪֻ֮ᡱһ죬֮ϵ󷨣ʱһָ⣬ȥΪء
Ȼݽ֮˳ȥĿ档
ֻ֮΢΢һȻֱʧ˵֮ϡȻһŨܵʱֻƬ̣ʧȥû˿֮ͬ
¶ɫô


631 
Ի֮Ʒײߡǲ󷨣ǿߵˣҲԳ룬кͲ䵹ǲġֻҪ߽ȥ֪ˡ
Ե˵ͷɣ߽֮С
һ̤룬ʱɫ䡣һȺɽ֮УȻһ̣ݾȻǳɳɳĮ֮УһʣȴȻŴ͡
ɳڣдʵ
ô£æѯʡ
֮Ѿһ֮ôֻҪЩǻʧˡص
æͷһ˿Ӧ˲Զһ˿֮
֮һɳɳĮ£˲ʧӰ١̧ͷһӨӨĻС䷶ΧԼĪɴС
ղǻɳ翴ޱ޼ʣʵֻô󡭡ס𣿡ԵЩ⡣
ȻǷɳ磬ǶԷĻǲܿƵġһУ߻ڿն𣬻Сʵ󷨵յ£Ҳֻ󷨷Χ֮ڻоԼһ·Уʵȴ֮вͣתȦ֮ˡЦ˵
󷨣桭ԣҰһ졣˵ҿƺЩ衭ԺΣ
ǺǣȻԡһЦص
ݵ˵ͷҲٶԣ̧ͷ˿գȻһ
ּ䣬һƷʯʱǰʮƷʯѻһСɽɢʵĹ
Ҫһͻ㣬;ȻҪ׼һЩƷʯֹ;һ㣬ǰ
׼֮ݱ˫ۡƬֻ֮һƬɫâ˲ȫɢʹƷʯҲͬʱ
һɫ̺žĹâһƷʯ֮ڶ̶ȣֱѽʵʡ
·ܵʲôǣ˲䣬ݣ
ֻ͵һȻˮһ㣬۶ڱ֮Уȥ
ϵԪǷǿ
ݵ֮ѾɣֻҪԪ֮ͿƵһֱڣ
ֻݵԪţȡݵΪƿҲʼ΢΢
ԪԽԽŨңĳһֻ̣ˡһ졭ݵԪͻȻı
һƷʯԽĵݵڣ壬ǾҵĲ
һ˿˿ӿݵڣ·ѾΪһ籩ġ
ĹԽǿļ磬ϴҲԽļ͡
һƺԪʼΧݵܳ͡·Ҫγһ죬ȫ档
ԪԺ㿪ʼ𽥳ΡﵽB쾳֮ﵽԲ
һԲԳϵγһȻķ֡
B쾳ǿܷ֮裬ʵΪһѾȫ죬Գϵˡ
ݴﵽ쾳ڣǷѾʼ𽥳Ρ
ҪСⷽųεķ֣µǿȣֻһ쾳ǿ߾ƷҲ޷ƿݵķġ
Ͼ쾳ǿߣ޷ӳƷȫܵġ
Ȼ˴ʱϵƣδȥԽԽǿ
ݵĿǣ쾳ڣ
ԽԽǿԪܵԪҲԽǿ
һƷʯ֮еԴԴϵģšԽԽ࡭

ʱ䣬Ȼš
䡣
ӳڣ˲һʱȻڵڣȴһ죡
һƷʯУѾһ촷ۡƷʯеĹ֮ı֡
нһƷʯϣȻɢŨӿݡ
ˡ
·ǳһٽ㣬ΣһţԪٶȷ
ǿҵԪΧĿǷת·һƬ籩
Ȼһݣ˫ۣļȻ
һɫâʱһһ㣬ʣ˲ƿնϣ
⣬ݵĿ⣡
ǾɫâݼţݵӣҲָԭɫȻϣ¶Цݡ
ڵˡ
쾳ڣˣ

ȸ쾳ڣǿ˾ű
ڿеԼȭͷ⡣
¶ӿһɰ·òľһ㡣ָоʵ
һ׼Ʒˡзǳڴ
ϹŻǿȫֻʮݵĴ˵֮ִƳķָһǿ᣿
޲Ͼơ
ҲƷáϹŻΪϣʱǱȻҪٵġݵΪȻ˾űǣ֮δȫֻȫʢʱڵ֮һ
Ҫܹɳռöã촽̾š
ʱȴռ䡣
а޾ݵֱաģǻռֻҪа꣬Ϳ̼ˡ
Ȼǲܵġûв֮ĵҩֻʱ޸ˡ
ãֻ֮ģˡҪȻͱ취ƣȻпָܻˡ
ˣҪ֮ԼָֻҲõȵһԺˡ
ҲգҲһµʱ䣬ͳᣬڼкú㴺̰ɡȵƳˣվҪ뿪ġ
аţȻͷȴǸֳһ˿ٻӰ
Ҳ֪ôˡ
ţ֪䣬Ѿص޼ҡ

ʱ䣬ͬ۵һ㣬ڲ䣬ˡ
ʱ䣬ݵȷҲͬԼһһֱ޼ҡЩеһʱա
û㴺̣żǰǡʥáһϺȺȾƣ졣һʱȹ
һ˵Ȼ֮⣬֪ݵƢݲɵĸп֮·ȻҪŬȻŬĹ֮УʵһɣȴҲǷǳ顣һٶȿʼŬʱ򣬲ȫȫͶУﵽ°빦Ч
еĹ֮⣬ÿݵлûз¡м϶֮Уֿʼ󷨷֪ʶ
ò˵󷨷裬ȷǷǳľˡ󣬻ɱ󣬾󣬷ӡۺ󡭡ֻҪմõߵܿӣĸݽ쾡¡
ɣǲʣµļ䣬þǹ󷨵ļ䣿
ԽˣݾԽĶݸе桭Ҫ֪´Ե󷨴ʦǣҲô󷨵еĳһо·ȫļΪ͸


632 鷳
Ȼź棬ѧϰ棬ȴǴɵġǡڷ£ѾԽ󷨸еȤˡ
󷨣ʤǿ
Ƿզ̵һ˵ʱ˵ĵһ仰ֻһ仰ݵ۾ʱע⡣
󷨣ʵǽơ֮ƣ
ǿߺǧȻǿߣȴĪߡǿѵܳȥ
Уǽ֮ơ֮˵ʵþӡ֤˵ĳһ쾳ĳһ쾳طȻӳּǽƣ
󷨣֮ͬͬǡҪﵽĳһ쾳ܽ赽ĳһ쾳ơ󷨣Խ쾳ֱӽ赽Ǹ쾳ơ
˵쾳ߣֻܽ赽ơ쾳ʦпܽӵ쾳쾳ƣ⣬󷨵֮ڣ
渵
ݾѾҡҷˡ
һֱΪ󷨲Сôһ˵ȴǷԼشˣ
󷨣СǴңǿׯ
շԣϣһһų͸ˣôʣ˽ΪؼѶԸˡȻֻ쾳ǵھǿߣһпܱˡҪٲһ㣬ֱĿܶУ
һһ쾳һǾǿߣУ˺ֹǧ£ھǿվԭز쾳ǿǰΧҲûκεЧȼ̫ࡣ쾳ǿƿԷûС̸ֺԵУ
ǣ󷨣ǾͲͬˡ
һﵽˡ족̶ȵġɱ֮󡱣пܽһǿ߸ɱУ󷨣쾳ΪѾ㹻ֻĵʱ䣬ԼĪϡ
ԣֻ϶ԡʵУǲֵġ
ʵϣʦΪҲӰ󷨵ǿ̶Լʱ䡣
ʦΪ֮⣬һͬҲӰ󷨵ǿ̶ȡǾǡϡ
֮޷󷨼֮ǿġĲϣȻ䡣еƳɡҲֻ䣬ܳ󷨼ʱǿ
һ˳ӣܳһٹѹҪ򹫽ѹ棬ôΨһĺ˳Ӷѡûܡ
ԣ󷨵ĳҲǷǳҪġ
һһ׮׮й󷨵֪ʶӷ渵һһȡ
ݵļǺʵģʣͬҲ͡Ǵʱ䣬ܹ쾳һ·еĳ̶ȣͿԿһ
ˣݾͬһ麣࣬ɿֻǵˮ֡󷨵⣬ҲԽ
ȻһŲѧơҪ͸ﵽԵġ쾳ɱ쾳ĳ̶ȣȻкܳܳһ·Ҫߡ
ν·ϡô

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ۣϵһ޼Ҹ߲㣬ڳȻʱһı֮ϣһ˿ŭ֮ɫʹеķΧԵøء
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˶ʮˣʮˣʮˡ棬ȫңʧδͳƳ
վǰ˫ͷ˵ҲЩŭ⡣
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˵ڻ򶼸˫һ¶һĨ
۲δ˵ʲô˻֣ȥСݹȻ󡭡úðЩߵļΪѪǵᡣ
ǡݵľ֮˫ҲһҲ΢˵ͷתȥ
Ŀ˫뿪λ֮ϣü˼ãһƬš

үүң
˫ҵݵʱһ󷨳⿴ĽζȻڴ֪ʶ󷨳ҪǽһЩ󷨵Ļʶܶ˽һЩѧϰ󷨣ҲЩôġ
˫˵Լѯʣʲôô
˫죬Ա̴߱ЩĿԼĬһ֮ҡͷȥ֪ˡүү㽲ġ
˫Դƣɫݲ΢΢һüͷ΢֮˵ͷá
˵վ뿪˷Ժֱӳʨȥ

ʨõʱüͷ΢΢ĿһɨǷ֣һɳڣеĸ߲㣬Ѿ˴˵ء
˵ȻǷʲôˡң黹С
뵽˽ȥ
Сݣ
ʮĳϣ
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ݵĽ룬ʱ˴гصϢ֮⣬˶Ծվݴк
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š
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֯һԣ۳һǰҲ֪һˣ޼²ҵ˹һ£Ѿﵽٶˡҵĵ棬ǳʮһҡ춼ʮ֮һĲҵ
ȥٹǡЩ˵вǿߡÿÿˣǿߵɳʮ˾ɱȴҲûŪǵ
Щĳϣ峤ϣϣʮĳϵȳϣɵ춼֮У򼸸Ҫ桭Щ˲֪ʲô̬ƺû޼ǿ߶ֵ˼ĵ棬ûйˡûǿĵ棬ȴֱ˲١


633 
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ңڸϵģ޼ھ̷Ƚ츳ˡЩ˲ҵ꣬ҪɱˣǶҡ޼ҵĸ
Ҫǡ޼춼һң춼˶Ѿ˵ġ춼յ棬޼µĵ桭ºȫˣ˿ۡô޼ҵ˵ǸһԵĴ
һҪϣһҪǿʵҪǿĲҪӵ㹻ǿʢܹǿжǣ
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޼һڸ߲㣬뿪ıӰһȴҲ֪˵ʲô
ʱȥһġһУͽݶɡ
۵

ʨݵĿʱգȻһΣԴзɳʱΪ޽ƮƮȻ̤ϣƿնȥȻǿʶ˲䣬Ӷ
˲䣬Ŀһĳһ
ȻȻ١

춼ϡһټС
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Ϊȵ棬ǷǳġһⶼǼáȻʱУȴԵЩͬ
ǰһź£ˣֵһʽǶţء
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ʱ޼ҾȺҵ汻ˡǽյĵļˡ
٣ʲô춼һң˼ҴҲûʲô˲İɣ˵Щʱ޼ҵ˿˲٣Էδһءһңʵ

Χ˵ţȻ۾һ˲˲ĶųУ´ʲôʻ档
ȹ춼ɱڹȥǺټһ޼ҵɱ飬ѾȻ졣ЩΧߵУвٵˣרŵϢһţͻǰۿҲ֪ǳʲô̬
˵ͷһӵĶУԽѿĶֻ¶۾ģĲ֮ͣԽ
ȵʲôˣ޼гͱɱ޼ڸȥҵСϺףʲôӢۣӱѿĻڡ
ٺ٣⵹ǲΪ׵ĺ˻ƶϣдζ֮⣬ȽЩСϺɱȻȥɱ޼ܲСǡһ壬վҪھ֮¼ġ˵ţٺٹЦȻ֮ȴǡ޼ңȫССϺˣ벻ķۡ
ԱߵĺǣҲ㶼һЦ·֮˶ǶԣֻһȺּϣ˿Ľš
ߣ˵ĵг춼춼УΪȴǸǰصĵ£ҲһȺϲ̨С֮ȻҲҷŴʴʣ
Աߵ޼Ǻ棬ȴǸȵ
ͷĺ˺ЦһۿһۣҳϺǿһȺ쾳쾳СϺ׶ѡϷԸ⣬ּɽ֮𣡺٣СϺ˵ЩʲôãҲҪһȵ˾֮£Ⱥ֪֮Ϸڷšʴʡˡ
˵Ҳٶ˵ʲôĿ׹һֺȵɱˣ
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Уȳס
Ȼŭ˼£ȴҲ֪Լ߾ǶԷĵ֡ϵĸ
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ߣӵ𣿡
ɭȻһЦ
ȷӲ
˵ٶ̫ˣȺͨ޼Ǻ˵Ķ֣
ֻ룬ֱǻȺɫâϷųֻġ䡱һըѪʱƮ˳

ΧΧߣҲǰѪһĻŻˣһ̲סڿھˡ
ЩɱһȭһŻӳȻһ޼˱ɶȥѪƬȻڵһвˣǱȺ֮Уһ󾪺
ֻ˲Ĺ޼һߣ˶Ǿأһڡ
ӣˡ
ͷһֱվԭزδ֣˿һ۵ϲ޼ˣɵ˵
ǣ
ЦУڶ˶ʱ˵֮С
һٴҡ
ƻţǽڣܡһЩЩ˵˵УҲֽһ㣬ɵıǽ֮۶ƻ
һˣ˹̨ͳѵĽƱƱȻķԼĻСЦϡ
ȳƬ̵ʱ֮ԭһУǱһѷ档ûб֮⣬ƻݾ


634 ʮĳ
ԶΧĸԶˣһݾĿŴҵĺǡǰѪȵһĻֱЩ޷ܡ
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˵ʵȴǺܿģѾһȺˣǰϡ
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и磡ˣ
ʱȺ֮⣬Ȼһ󺰡Ⱥʱɢֻһӳ˵Ķ飬ٵĳ߱жһһ꣬˫Ŀųһȡ
޼ҵˣ
Χϳߵݡ
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ĿӹȺȻɫ֮µϣ¶һ˿пЦݣϾվΣЦСϺˡ
ڶһʱһҲ¶Цݡ
ǵȻ֪쾳ǿߡʱͷ涨ʱ޼ҵ߶֡ԣ⼸춼Ĵǿص޼ҵ档
߲δѡˣǺϾĵšǾ֤Ⱥ˵Уûǿߡ
ȻûǿߣԼˣʲôµģ
糤ԣһȺСϺװˡ
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ͷ޼˿һ޷ŭ˫۵ʬʱʱԭأѡ
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Ȼδ˳Աһ˸Ͻһѱסĺš
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и磬ǿ簡ƽضԼĹذػȴѾһߺʬ塭ŭ⣬ȫ˷
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ǣǱϾ춼һңһ汻ңȻû˹һæǶԼɺεȴԣһ˵߳ˣܱ߼ԱԷ֯Ҫ˶Է٣ҲҪΪ޼΢һЩ档
ǲδ뵽Щ˵ֶξȻȲпᡣжʮˣȴûһڣ
Ŀ⣬Ҳɺ֮ɫȴҲֻҧš
޷ȻţȻûΪߣԷıסŬȴҲ޷ѣֻᶼ˳ȴȻ޷ǰɱֳƴ
ӹһɳζǵĺˣҧΪǸߣ춼û޼֮ܳͷŰɣǻΪ£۵ġ
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ΧԭһߣͬҲԴ־޼ˣʮĳ⼸ֵʱһҲǻһȻҲͦĿеľ壬ʱһƬš·⼸ִĳħһ㣬˲ģ
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ô
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ͷʱһжʱ¶־֮ɫţûпԷγֵģ
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ߣݡ
ֻһϮ£ֶݳ䡣
Ŀӹܵʬ壬еĮԽŨһĪ⣬һ˲䣬ϯΧ˵
ǰ֮ΧߣҲֻһ׹ߣ
ݾ䣬ɵĺһŵĿǰĮ񻰵ꡣͷһɺԣ
޼ʲδȣΪΣҪ˱أݵĮ·
Ȼȴоһԣ˲ͷƤըһ־㤣ð޷֣
㣬㡭ߺͷ䶯ȴֵķ֣ԼȻһ仰˵һʱ亹ͷתţƺҪʲô취뿪
ʮĳϣһҪΪ޼ߣֻһ˵ۿ죬ȵĿһӰҲ֪ݴĺ˳
ʮĳϣΪ޼һ޼Ҳȵĺ˳ǵ˫۳죬űʹ
֮ͬУʲô϶ǱϾԼˡȻͬ㱻Щ˲ɱܽǲʹģ
Ϊ޷ˣ۾ǷѪ˿ŵһ߸ոʧȥĺӣˮģӵ˫ۡ
ʱΧеİյĿ⣬е˵ǿĮ˼µϡ


635 
޼ҵʮĳϣ
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ҷȰ²ҪĻˡҡǣṵ֮̂Ǻ³Ҫ˵ҡʲôȴȻס죬áǡ档
ջؿ˵Ŀ⣬˺ߡĿһƬᶨ֮ɫݵϣȴǸֳһ˿ЦΪֻҪ㲻˵ұûа취֪㱳󾿾˭ô
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Ȼݵһֱû˿ı仯ֻǾĿ졣޼˵ĺȻûκεıʾ
üͷһƤӹһ˿áЩսʿߵ޼ߣ׼׽õʱ
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һֱû˵죬ȻԵĮ˵ˡ
һԳսʿʱͣ˽ŲֳõѵЧ
ԵսʿüͷһȴҲû˵
쾲Ŀݣ˵ȷʵȺ˵Եɣ޼ֻԱ޹Щ˴߱ˡ
˵꣬µĿһۣһĨЦݣת
ͳЩˡзɱۣ


636 ǿƳϣ
սʿĴͲһԣʱ޼˷ŵһߣк
һȺ㿴ңҿ㣬ȴû˿Ҫ˼ǺߣǵĿݣһĨζĲпЦݡתһսʿҪȥ
ͬ뿪ô
ʱһֱû˿ֵݣȴǺȻſˡ
һԳ޼ͷʱһ𣬾ΧΧǣҲǴһŵĿݣ
ʲôĴڣ춼˵Ǿ춼찡
޼ʮĳϾҪʲôѾŹ޼ˣһ۾ܿǲĿ޼ҡ٣ǲ˺Ƥġʮĳ⵵ϣǴ㹫Ȼ붼ţԴɣȻҿﶼѵ޼ҵĴ̫ԶˣҪϵ
˴ľ
˭֪޼춼һңȻСȻ϶ľްԣ޼ңǵָҷİ
Ѵת죬ζʱͣסһӲʵ֮ϣҲ¶˼üͷ΢ĶݣвζŨ·δͦԣٶѯһ䣺˵ʲô
˵뿪𣿡ǼĿҪγˮݣȻƽ˵
䣬졣
һһǴжϰ졣޼ңͲҪˡ
޼˵ĳ޼ˡֲкһšȴҡҡͷ鵭Į޼ҵˣôɱġ
ǵҶҶ޼ң۾ʱâУ¶һ˿ɱ
ǵҲҶ㣿
һ仰涼ǰˣֱݣļҪͣ٣
˵ʲô˵Ҫͳ죿⣬⡭
˶ˣо̫ˡ
޼ңһ춼ڵССеһϣȻö֮ڴ֮ͥ£˵Ҷ춼ͳ죿⣬⡭
âֻһ۴С֮ĿЦ˳ɱ浱һʦͿԽҶˣãƾһ仰ҲҪ
Ų˵仰֮󣬾ҲûлҪĺȻĻδ˵꣬ݵâҲʱ΢΢һǿƣ˲䣬ǽ
첻쾳۷ԲδɹǸ쾳ڣвֹ࣬ʮһ֮£ʱ˺ͷɴ۾У¶˲ŵɫ
ڵһۣϳݡ꣬Ǻͷһͬ޼ҡ棬ۼ֤˺ͷǵ깥طʦͽ
Ȼ֪Ӿƹͷһ󣬵ǣ޼ܴ죬ʱգûǡ
Լһͳ죬ȻһССҵĵһҲԼţǲ֪ΪкͷʱµһλȴҲΡЩҲֻڱˣһЩСһЩ϶Ķ޼ңҲʲôΪͷԵʡ
Ȼգݵô˵棬Ȼ͸вʵеױȵķŭͷȻѲԼҪ޼ңֱӻүүźͷΪһСС޼ңԼүүͳ췭
ԣŭ֮£ʹҪһ£޼ҡ
Ȼǧ㣬ȴû뵽ͷǰյġͽܡΪȻѾߵ̶ֳȣֻţȻԽԼѹס˵
Żر֮˵ǲB쾳ΪԼšһѵѾﵽ˲B쾳ɣ
ãǾšģȴŭ
ô˵棬ԷΪѾͳ죬ȫȻûˣ
󵨣ԵսʿȷӦһɫʱɫһ䣬붼ûı˳
룡
Ѿ˲˳ۣһʱȻҸԼСУɫһĮһֻ֮һȻһѶ
䣡
һҽжûзǺȻ˳ȥ߰ף䵽棬ȴһȻѾˣ
ʲô
ж֮˶û뵽տʼһ仰û˵Ŀ꣬һ֣Ȼȷп᣿һ仰ѣȻҪ˶Է
Ƕ˰ɱȻû˿ĳɣ޽ɣ
Χ߾סˣ˾סˣǣҲǾסˣΨЩ޼Һǣһ֮Ѫɫӯǵݣ
ʲôǿƣǿƣ
ΣҪǵˣɱҲɱˣ
⣬޼ҵʮĳϣ⣬޼ǿߣ⣬޼ҵţ
һ˷ܵϯ޼˵壬ǻţȵĿⶢݣȴʯıӰ·ֻҪӰڣ޼ңԶᱻ۸£Ƕ
ݵǿƣҲԭЩĺߣȫʧȥѪɫŵĿݡǿǶˣҲնɱ
ΧһĪĹΧ֮С˵Ŀ⣬ĶǵݵıӰⱳӰֳǿԵľͬʱֲɵһΪ
ڴ˵꣬Ȼ㣬˭˵
Ȼգ޼ҵʮĳʵжǡҲûʲôÿµģɱˣΣ
ɫһʼĲţȫɫһ˫۾Ѿͨ졣
㣬ɱҶˣأҧĿ⣬·Ҫɣ
˵ɱĲˡӣ棬вҲˣȻɱˣⲻǳĴʲô
ֻƤȼ
Ťı飬ݵĿУҲֳɱ
ļǵ۵ĻԼĸף˴˵Ĺ֮£޼ңҲΪ˵Ĺƣһ˾Ȼȳ޵Ŀ⿴ԼɱԼͷҪͨˡ
ʵݺˣɱá
ɱһ޹ؽҪҲˣ潫춼ͳɱˣôΣ޼Ҷһ֣֮ǲ£佣ڵݣӵзǿᣬ֮ȥá
޼ңȻҪܶŭ
ǣԷȱ飬ȴĶɱˡ
رԸ춼˶ġԼȫʧԣֱɱأշȥô˵޼ҽӴ˲̫ƽ


637 쾳
뵽еһĨɱԽ
Сõ
ɱԽŨҵʱһĮͻȻը졣ţһױȵȻֱӳͷȥ
ǿǱʵ˵ֻǸ쾳ڡĴﵽ˲B쾳Ҳֻбһ;
ȻȴΣңһѾܾˡ
أݵ̼仯һŻӰһһѪɫâ䣬ᴩءֱӽĵ棬һ׵ĿӶأǷ
˶סˣʱȺȻɢ
˶Ѫɫâ䣬ף
֪ǿ߳ˣ
޼ɫٱ䣬ǾݲǿȻҲʶδܵȻǻɫ԰׵̧ͷȥֻ֮У֪ʲôʱ򣬳һߡ
̤ƶɢŨԪŭݣȻݶܹһ֮ȴǱЩĿǰӡ
ԭڵİݣȴ֪ʱ֮СϣһɫΧף
һһӰնţ
˶һ
շУȻշа
ʱ죬ڵɴ۾ŵĿһ֮ȴǷ˫Ŀ죺壬ȻҪСɱ𣡷ͷ֮ް
һ˱֪ˡԭˣȻǶǿߣ
ȺвŵĿŻݣ˸Ҳ֪ʲôƬ֮Ȼһλĳȥ
ңҪûˡ
ǹȻǶ֮ˡĿƽĿǻߡ
֪ңȴ¶֮ɫݡ
ǻˣһ˼ôȴҡҡͷĿƽӹ֮
ݶʱһ䣬
仰ڣݵĳĬ֮֮УӰȻ֡ȻûпǴʲôطġ
ģһһŮ
ԼĪʮ꣬һӲʣ㡣Ůģʮ꣬ݽģ欣ȴӢͦ
˵Ȼ֣·ǴһҡĿɿڴĿշеˡʲôʱ춼УȻǳշе
֪СǺʱǵģ¶һ˿ЦݣڵҲżֺ档ûб˿֮Ρ
λ㶼쾳ǿߣʵǿᣬһ춼ǣܲλǿˡݵȻƽ·ֱǿߣδ˿ѹ
Ȼ仰ȴâһݵУȴ¶˼ּɵ
ȻһԱ˵Լ˵Ϊ
ݱãҲֹѡ
ΪҲ쾳ڰˡֻ֮ȴǳϵǿᣬȫ޷̽⡭ǣȴһۿԼ˵Ϊ
˵ʲô˵Է֮ԼҪǿĶ࣡
һ˵ΪʲôΣ֮ŻﵽΡֻΪθ߹֮ģȴ֮ΪҪߵģ
ĳˣֻ˵һ⡪Է츳Ѿõ˾̾ˡ
֮ﵽʲô̶ȡôģΪҲڼ̵ʱﵽǸ̶ȣ
ǰ޼ʮĳϣΪ쾳ڣ֮ȻԼЩ쾳ڵ˻Ҫǿ˵ֻҪʱ䣬ܹԽǵģ
ǣǴð磬Ǽ֮Ŷ԰
ӵĿݣƺҪӼҵƵӰ
ǵֻ֪ͷֹ£֮ͷҪհ·˹ȥ˲ҵʶδ޼Ҽݡ֮Ҳδϸ˵޼ҷ飬ʶһ㣬ΪǺͷͽܡ
ǣⲢУͬʱӿֳɱ
ȳˣá
ԹۣȻеɱͷʱһݣæѯʣþɱ󷨣ܷסˣ
˲쾳ڣɱ󷨾Ժֹסȫ׽£ȴ˵
仰ͷʱһȡ
ɫû˿仯¶ɱ֮ȴǵĮ˵λҪɱң
һ仰˶һĬֻ۾
ݵĮһЦ˲һɱңһɱ˵䣬ݵĿ⣬·̧ͷϡ
Ӹղǻߵĺ֮Уݾһƶϳˡڶ֮еݣֻ²һ㣡
ǿߣǵλҪߣôӦҪƺԷְλˡԴ˽еġ塱
Լ²⣬˻춼֣Ϊ˱죡
Ȼݴһݶʱ΢䡣໥һ
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ǰɡȴһЦĮˣ϶ҲҪᡣ
ߣâĶݣ֮ڳ˵㾿˭
𣿡ȻһЦ޼ʮĳϡͬʱ˶٣̧֣һͰ׹˸֮һСС
˵Ŀ⣬ʱС֮ϣ仯ݡ
֮󣬻ߣ³һԭ佣ڵ洫ӡ
˽Ǵ佣洫ӵġƽ
ݼϳ˽֮Ľջڣ󵭵²붼񣬱Ͼ֦ͬпܣҲԸ붼ֵܱ˴ΣȴǶ̫׼壬˴ɱŲʱҲͰˣȴҪ׷⣬ȴ̵ˡƴ󲻴佣ڣȴҲġ
ⷬ˵Ǹ沢һԼԸ˽뷨һȴȻıֳԼǿơ󣬸Ľ޼Ҵӽ֮佣ˡ
佣ڶǳȻ໥֮以ĦĴͻȴԱġϾΧڣ᪻ţ˵С£ްӲӲ
ݺ쾳ǿߣͬҲ
˶Դ˴ε¼ȷҲŵġֻǿһ޼ҰˣȻ棬ȥˣʶδԤ˭룬Ȼǣһ佣ڵ洫ӡ
佣洫Ӷ˶ȻʲôСҪǡᣬӵ츳仰˵佣ڣ˵ĵλҲȻͣΪЩ˵һ佣ӵвӵ޿ݵˣ⣬ǲֵ̫ˣ


638 ׷
һʧб˼ƽϡһ֮ǻ¶º͵ЦݣЦǴˮһ˲ʶһˡ˴εȷǶˣڴ˱֤ٲִ¡СѾʹֿɺã
˵ĿǸ˳ŵ˵ĿǱ죬ǰɱˡںܶʱһЩϣǶ뾭˵ͬܵʵʩġԣʵͳ죬춼ڣҲǿôôġ
Ȼ˵仰Ϊ֪ʵѾ˱ɱ֮ˡֻһʱδҵʵĳֻˡϾɱ֮˵ʲôҲ˵ġ
·ȻҲ֡Ȼڴ˵أ̫󣬻ᳬƿطΧȻҲ޴ѡ񡣼ȻԷѾͷݵȻ᲻֪ˡ
⻰Ҳ¶Цݣֵˣ±лǰˡϾλǰǲ޼ɨԴ
Ǻǣлġ΢΢һЦ˵
ŻķΧ˶¶Ц֮ɢӰ١·ˣǿһĿɿڴ
Ϊϻһ˭֪ȻǺƽճ
ڻߵ£ڶ඼ʿ㶼뿪Ψ죬ȻԶ񶾳޵Ŀݣ·ҪεļС
Ҳ΢۾졭˴澡ʧѾ˱ɱ֮ġֺγҪһɱ
лߵλǿͷѹţţ޼ңѾʲôˡ
緢ȴĻȥΧ߰񫡣ͬʱҲһ֪ˡ춼֮⣬ֶһ򲻿ɵļ塭Ǿ޼ҡ
޼ʮĳϣǿǿƵÿµͳ˵֮Ҳ˵ɱɱ󶼸Էеǿߣ޼ʮĳ˵Цġܵˣ
һΣݵͷ춼춼˻֪ˣ޼ҳһǿƵĿµʮĳϡ
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޼ǰһʵĵݻ㱨
ڸղţһȺǿ߶ŵʱ򣬾Ѿ뿪ˡ޼Ȼ˷֣Ǹʱ˭ҲҺͬҲûء
ڶˡǸһģȻҲˡ
ģӲԣȴӹһ˿ɱ⣬˵
ЩΪҿѣȴ֪ݵʶȫԽ춼Сǣ·ӡ
˻һ̧ͷݡȴû˵ʲô
Ťͷһ۵Ѿȥ޼˵ʬ壬Ҳӹһ˿Ȼһ̾Щ˵ʬʰһ£úðɡ
ǡ˹
ݵ˵ͷһΣʱƿնȥ
̧ͷʧıӰȴһƬ𾴡֮Ŵ󺰵ֵǵȥúðᣡ
ڶ޼ˣſʼʰһǽ塭

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еݾԳһȥĿ֮УŨŨɱ

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뿪춼ٴˣϵģǽǰĺߡʱѾ֣¶һ뷢԰ףȴɭȻݡ
½ѯʣҧҧȻȻ
Ϻ峤ϻû𣿡
̧ͷĹһ̲֮ס˵
ո˹ȥǱ¥˵زǻҪЩʱ䣡˵Уʱһæ
Ժݺݵһ֮ϣ˽֮ɫ
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Ҳ֪׻᲻ᷢԼϽĵȴţ̲ס̧ͷĹˣ³ſȴĮ˼µ

ڶϽȴʱѾڸ߸ߵ֮иˡƲڱΣʶ·޷·һжԣȴûκصġ
ϡǸɡ
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޼һֱ춼ڷչȻۡҲдǣϾࡣɳȥˣʱأý֮ˣ̫Ľ˭ˡˣȴǴ޼ҵ棬ɱ޼ҵˣ붼һԸ޼ҡȻ޼ҵġ
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ݺĵţЩߣͬҲǽҧɿڡȡ֮ȻǶǴ쾳ǿߣҪõϢԷҲûа취סġƽ
ƽˣ·ĶϣȴҲƽˣ
ֻͬһֻȹϵϣԺصŲֻҪһ㹻ʱȫȫעĳŶĵطֱȷûвŻ᳤һ
ʱʱ̽ͷſڿһۣʱʱѲա̶̲ʱʱ䣬һ£Ѿ亹ʪ͸ˡ
ȻѾǵĵ˼¡
ǵģֻжϡʮͬȥеĺǣͬҲһ԰ףǲģֱӵ£ԭʲôʮˣҲܵһѹֵաһҲЩɧ
ӣô£ҿǺͶϣƺżʲô޼ʮĳϡʲôͷΪʲô˵޴ӿ⣿Ҫ֪ϣɶǴ쾳ǿߡ춼ʲôҪɵô
Զϵһһ̲סͷĺ棬ѯԱһƤڣһ뾪ɫĺˡˣǸһ֮ͬһ
ǰǰҲĽӣô£һ˺Ĵ˹ҲЩɻĵѯʡ
⡭ǺԭǣͬѯԼһ֮ҧΣߵˣ
ʲô壿˵޼ңԱߵĺ˶ʱһ
ӵ˵ͷг˻⣺֪Ͳطˡɣû뵽˵һգʱ䣬˳˳ˮɱ޼ҺܶˣΪ޼ľôһˣҸǣˣһף


639 п
һͬȥ޼һУǰ滹ͦ˳ˣ޼ҵΪ̫ͣ˳ľ񡣵ܿģд޼˸˹ҲûʲôЩ˵УΪߵģҲĲڰˣͲǵĶ֡ʱ򡭡
˵ӵϣɵ¶һ˿֮ɫһڿˮŵҲ֪ʲôطһ޼ˡûпǴĶģôȺ޼˶ŵм䡭
Ż䣬ӵԽĲ԰֮ݵı֣ˣݻɱһˣǿߣǳѵ飬һһĽ˳źӵĽΧһȺϣҲʱ亹ˡ
B쾳ǿߣв˶ͳ죬ɱһʿжĶǿߣȻԻ
˶Ŀɿڴ
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һ˰ɣһʿ̲סһڿˮ̧ͷĿƺ´ӿоһ޼ʮĳ
Ӧòᣬǿ߶ŵʱ򣬶ϾʹǳûˡҲڻͷһۣŷǿߺ˵˵ЦЦĴӿӦòǡЩȷ˵
Ҿ˵޼Ҹԩ޳ģΪʲôһҪǹںˣһB쾳ǿߡҪǽѻáץסˣֻɵĸҪסˣһ̲סԹ
ڴ󻪹˵һСĲСɰˡǿߣҲһ쾳۷ˡûʲô̡˵ĵڸչԼͺˣΪʲôƫҪǧܵ춼޼ҵ鷳ںˣһB쾳ǿߡ
Ҫ˼һˣֱɱڸȥǿ֮ˣ
༸ҲΡȻһ̾
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ʱһϲȻԺԭеںˣʱһæվ
Ķһϲæ˳ȥ
ʦ֣𼱻ǵĽٻʲô°
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˶֮ˣԴŽۡһݣһƺ롣һǣԷ֣ϵû뷢
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𣬶ϵΣʱԭءŸһͬǰɱ˵ʮˣǴʧɫ
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һɫΧףݿĮµ֪꣬ʲôʱ򣬳ǵԺϿա
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ܡݲ䣬ȴû˿ԥҡҡͷ
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𣿡ݲش𣬶¶һ˿ڴ
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ΪʲôУǲ£ɼϺȻѯݡ
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ϵݣҲݣȻҧʵǿǿΣǲ㣡һԶ֪˭ڱ޼ң˵ϣҲһɼ
ȻݼᶨȻʵϡ࣬ȴҪǻ
֪ԶԷB쾳Ϊ㾡һɵʵҲ޷ĴڡҪǾͱҪٽݾ
һֱȴʵϣȴҲ취˼ȥֻ뵽һ취
ǾǶģ
ĶԷͶŹǣ
ԶϵݻػȺˣǵĸж֮顣ǶԷӦˣôã֤ԷǱֳɱ֮ˣֻҪºԼֵĺЩ˵׼ԷһҪԼ
Էɱ֮ˣȻܾôо˾ĺǣһ˲ŴǵĶݣȻ󼤷ǻеѪһͱ֤˲еУȻԼȥ
һݲĽǸϾɱΪֻǲ֪˴¼Ļ˭
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640 Ḯ
Ϊߵˣ֪Ȼࡣô󡭡Էǽ˶ɱˣҲȻɱԼΪֻԼҪ֪Ϣ
ȻһԼǽԷˡٻš
ֻҪţϣ
ڽŵĵȴţݹž޲ݡ
Ȼ֪һʼͲһֻ֮֡ΪȫԲͬ⣬ȡеļ䣬Ӷ֪һС
һƲò˵ǻۡǻûȡˣֻ»һ¡κΣģݡ
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ݵĮƽδΪ˵Ŀϵ˿Ĳ֮
ԶԹ޳޶˶˵ȴǵɱ¾˵ǡ£ɼôʵҲǡɵüġ
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֯һԣ˵ⶼҲˣû뵽㽫޼ҵҲһͬץȥ
Ȼֿʼһ仰Ͷʱͱ˱ͼ޼Ҹ߲ˡ
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ڶ߲Ҳʱͣ˶ŮʺֱĿӡ


641 
ûСҡҡͷֹ˶˵жȻ󡭡
Ӽȥ
ⷬԲһġ
˵ݿڣҪֵʱ޼Ҹ߲㶼кã˵Ǹ޼ҳˡ˵ɫвʱ߲ڶչŮԼ˵ֱӻɱ˶һ֮ߺʹ죬˵͸ôɡ
֮һֻ˵ӿڸʱʱͣһɸ߲ĸ˸롣
ἰоȻշеǿʱһɸ߲㣬ڳĬ
ϾǶ۵̣۸֣޼ң֮ȵʸûС
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ҵæǡллΡ޸ɱز֮
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ݾֳӲĽɫ˷Ǹûʲôµġ¶佣ݣٱֳвʵ㶼ҪưͿҪ˾ơ
ţǿӦǴˣ򲻵ѣ²ߵġϾȻɱ˶ˣʵϲ㽫ˡ
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뵽еɱ⡣
ݻǺ֪֮ġȻǿûԴΪѾ޵ˡ
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ҪҵƬҲ÷ǿһЩޱ޼ʡҪѰĲл̸꣬ף
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зһ˿ɱٳɣٶȸˡ

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Ұ֮Уɽʯľ
ȻƬҰƽԭ֮ϣεض𣬲ٶĵ䣬һ羰Сȡ
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֮ǸǸ쾳۷Ϊ
ݴʵǲB쾳ǿߡֻƺʲôǿдսһһʵֱֽ֮ӵ˾硣Ӵ˾һֱͣǸ쾳۷崦Ҳûд


642 
ȻֻǸ쾳۷壬ϾǲB쾳ǿߣԷ򣬱һĸ쾳۷ǿҪࡣԣǵеĲB쾳ǿߣУҲһֵúȥ
ʶⰲḮǱȽϳȻĴڡִⰲḮĶˣҲмָ߿в׿ˡ
ϾɵͳҲ쾳ŵӰˡȣطϵҪ˼֡
ʵЩѰҡ⼸ⷽԲǧСжȥʵҲ¹ƣҪҲֻдһķУħ֮УпѰˡ
ȻС֮УһʯСźٲһٲɽˮʪʹɫ̦޺߲ȴ⡣
ھһͷһ®ںࡣ®֮ǰһݵأŷɽٲһŴ
ʱ®֮ǰӰڴ˵ء
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ȻҲܺԷҪʲôɲҶʡҪȻⲻҪöԷʲôġԷԼˣǿɾͱˡ
뵽ߵһЩüۣԵ÷ǳ
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ֵطУһ˵ȶ˵һɣͺݸܵƽƽȻ֮£˵УҲĪıƽʱҪܶࡣ
νԶôһ
ЩĿһľ֮ݽ²ͣ٣һΣԱǳ֮зȥ
Ѱģɲǿ羰ġ
ֻСɣ㲻ʲôɡȴʵ١·ȵ׾޴䳡ϣвٵĵڵд輼գйԵ÷֡
֮ϣвٵطŲ®װīɽˮ֮䣬Щ⡣ǶϵļУȴ֪Щ®洫ǵľ
ɵ洫ӣȻ޷佣ȴᲢۡЩ洫ӣЩ츳Ϊﵽ˺߲ϵߡҲһǶϣϣ峤ϴȥһˡ洫ӵеİˡ
ݵٶȺ֮죿ȻǿߣҲһֵܷݡοһȺ쾳֮ˣȻ޷ˡ


643 
ǣǶϵļ䣬ݾԱǳž嵱УһٲȥǶϵļ֮Уǵʱʱ̶̿ٲ֮¡
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һһİ˺ȻԼǰȻҲǴһ˫֮Уʱ֮ɫ
ѹδʲôԾȻƽ¿һ֮ȴǵ
ԷֱԼ䣬һվΣĿĶݣƣࡣ˭
޼ңʮĳϣݡ
޼ңüͷ΢壬·һ޼ҡȻƬ֮ȻһĿʱӹһ˿ɭȻɫ춼޼ң
̹Ȼͷ˴ԵɣظӦɣ
㽫ɶϵȵӣˣ
˼άתĺܿ죬һԷȻ춼޼ңʱͻع֪Լȥˣǳʲôˡ
ɱˡݵĻشǼ򵥡
ɱˣâʱһĿݣɭȻôҪȡˣ˵ţһĨɭȻЦ
ݵ˵ͷԼĿġڴ֮ǰһ⻹Ҫ㡣
Ļ֣ƲƲ졣
ݵ˵ͷ
ݴݵĮ飬ȴȻЦдŵ⣺룬㲢ûд͹˰ɣССһ쾳ڵϣȻҲ˵ҪɱңǿЦ
۷ʱԼΪB쾳ڣ䣬֮˼Ӷһ磬Ϊ쾳۷塣ʮǰͻȻɣɱ˼ϣռɸʮһֱסٲ֮Ǳޣδ뿪ɶԣЦ֮ŲĵĮڡǴӶϼеõϡ
ĴЦȻֹȻݲȵݣͷȴĪķһ˿
Է쾳ڰˡȻ֪ԼǸ쾳۷ΪǲB쾳ڵǿߡȻûһ˿֮ɫδ⣬̫˰ɣѵʲô֣
𲻶ݡȻһ֮ȻһӹһĨԼʶȻԷĴڣ
ǱǶԷ֮ҪԼ


644 ѡ
ʱоԷЩ׽͸ˡ͸¶ֽ䱸ɫҲ¾˭
˵ˡ޼ʮĳϣݡȻûʲô仯˵Ȼŵˣڻ㡭˭ȥ޼鷳ģ
ݵĵȻпȴЩ׽ˡԷʻһüȻżֽȴɭȻһЦΪһô
ᡣݴݵĵ˵ͷĿ⵭ĮֱӶԷʹһЩ
˵ʲô
ĿʱһԼĶ䡣
ΪԶԷŵģ˵һ䡰㲻˭뵽һ䡰ʹһЩ
ʲô˼ѲԼ쾳۷ΪǼٵĲɣΪԼ˭Լ
ŭЦ֮ϵ鶼Ťãã񣬹ţСӣ㻹۽硣Ҳſ֮ûģ
δ˽֮£㵹Ĳʹˣձ࿴Ĳʹ죡
һ䣬Ҳ֮ԣֻ϶ʱӿֳһʵʵĺɫȻǳݶ
ٶ֮죬գۼ䣬ǵݵǰ
Ȼݵûаֱ仯Ǻ죬ݵķӦ졣
ֻĿһʱһâȻǰһնǿҵĽƣδüǱһԡ
͡
һĿһתʱµ棬Ǻɫһʱۿɼٶȱʴ¡˲䣬ֻá¡һ죬ʯСţʱ̮£ɵ·
ɫʴԣȻǿ̶ֳȣ
ĿҲ΢΢һϺڼһǡ\ʼס˸߸ߵ֮ϣ
б
Ҳû뵽ԷһǱԼһԷƿշâʱһ¶־ɫ
бǷǳġ
ΪֻôбҲУ
ȻֻǶݵ֮ɭȻһߣζʱ˶ϡֻϣȻѳ⻷
⻷߸ֱΪȻɫͷŽסһʱٶ֮죬Զ\ʼסֱЯһŨصĺɫſеȥ
ߣ
һߣ˫Ŀ֮Уʱâ
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ݵ֮һǿ᣿쾳ڵʱ򣬾ƾǿֱ֮ӶסB쾳ǿߡУвB쾳ڵӥ¶ˣΪﵽ˸쾳ڣķԽƣҲ֮ߡٶֱ浱ӥˣȫаնסϢϵʱ䣡˾磬֮˷ȱһˣ
ֻԼͷһʹ˲ǾķӦԷʩչ깥طˡȻӦȴҲûˣǹѾ˲䣬˻ԣ
ʧȥʶȻҲڿ΢΢һ١ʱȴ·һӰ˲ֻΧһתĽâ˲䣬߲ʹ⻷֮Уն֫
δ꣬ж˶Է֮֫󣬷ݺһ̣ʱǶ¸Ȼǽĵˣ
Щһתݣһһʱס˵ʱȻڻе
Ϣ֮󡭡

ĲҽУУ˳
ɴ۾ŵĵͷһֻԼ֫Ѿʧˡ
Ȼ⻹ҪġԼĵλõʱˣסˡ˫Ŀɵͭ塭
㣬úݣ㣬ȻҵĵУļ̌ͷȻĮݡУĳޣ
Ҫɱ㣡Ҫɱ㰡ڿУ
һǿ˵ʲô̵ģɱǻٵǵĵУ
һ£һ绽ּ꣬ɽӵתǿߣһ֮䣬ȥУΪһ޸֮ķˡ־޴˭ܽܣ
Ȼ⻹ҪңΪ֫ˣ
⣬ǳΪķ˰
ţһ˿Ѫɫĳӯۿ·ʱпͽȻ
ȻݿķȴδаֵĶݡֻѾ˱ɱ֮ģ
޼Ҵδǹȴɵӹȥɱ޼ӵܡȻδԶ֣ȴʼٸߣ
Ϊǿ֮ʱǿɱôƾʲôҪͬ
οݣӲһͬ˵ˡ
ݵȻĮҲԺһɼΪǿĲɱ⣬ѡ˵ǱޣžҪ˵صľ£ѹһɱɣ
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ѡɡ
˵꣬ݳĬ
ʵݵǲֱӶȡԷ꣬Ȼɱǣ֮ȻӴ󣬵ϣȴǻԷġҪǿȡԷļ䣬ǲܵġ
ǿʵʩôΨһĺǶԷԼӴ֮£ȫ飬һ߻ʬѶϢǶġ
⣬ȻҪġ
ݵһеУһֹͣ
˫ĶݣĳޣȴҲ޵Ŀ־塭
춼֪Է춼ԲǺò÷
һܹ֪޼ˣԼʼٸߡһֳޡôԼһȥ޼ң״̬ᷢʲô£
ܹԼһĥˡ
ԼΪȻѾʧϾǲB쾳ġ仰˵ǽԼʲôȣֻҪʲô⣬Ҳܰ
ǣԼǲB쾳ǿ߰B쾳ǿߣЩĥ裿
ҧѪĶһֱĮ֮ˡ۾ɱˣֻݴʱѾԹɱˡ
úݣ
գֻܺѪ˵֡
ȣ硣ڸѡɡʹĻСݵ飬δаֶݡ
ĶݣĿ⣬·ҪݵģĿһ
֮ȻЦЦУޱȵԹӮˣû뵽Ӣһգø³


645 ӥ
ҵˣǺħӥҴѹ޼ҵģݡǽݲɣ㣬ħڣԶԶӴӥҲ޷󼰵ǿڣһգ޼ңữһƬޣң֮У㣡ĴЦ֮е䣬ֱʣһ̣·ĵգ˲˲١
ݸȻȻӥɱһΣһɱڶΡѵʹδоôΪʲô޼ǿ߶֣˵꣬ҡҡͷͬϰ㱯Ŀң㲻Ӣۡ
㣬˵ʲôݵĻȻɫ䣬ȫȻš
ȻȴѾûԡֻһӣĮ·ɡ
ӦĶһּ䣬һâһӶ𾪴ͷ­˲䣬ȥ
ε䣬֮УȻĿһֽ֮߸СɵĹ⻷
ǷʱֵĹ⻷
Ʒб
һ۾ʱһ
߸⻷ȻƷı
⵹һ֮ƣȥ֮һǿˡ
ҲԣַԼĴСȻһУһϷҲϸֽ¡ʧȥͷ­壬Ŵӿеȥ
ʶɨȷûʲô©̧֮ͷһ·򣬷˳ȥ
ٲµľȻƯ¡һӰԼһС⣬·δκ¡

ħڡⱳȻӥӰӡֻû뵽Ȼħڵĵӡ
еݣȴ˼µĻ
ز²⣬ݱɶ϶û˵ѡǶԷ˵ӥ֣Ѿ֤ˡ˭֪ӥ޼г϶
ħڣҲš
佣ڣû֡
ħڣɣ佣ڲµľ޴ɡǿƣ˲żüá
ֻΪڵ¹أֶβ̣ڴ󻪹нٷ꣬ʶӡµӣһǲ󻪵ġֻΪǴڴͨϣġ
ӥȻɵĵӣ
ĲʱȴҲ޿κΰ
Щεҡҡͷ
ħڸԶ֮Ҳ˵иǿƣСϺװɿԱģţǾȥ
ңݻ޷ȷӥǲħڡѾ󻪣أ
ϧҹе˵һ㡣ǵ˵ڶ㣬ǾͿͨɱ꣬˳һ˿ڤڤеĸӦֱӻɱϵˡ
뵽аϧջɱӥʱ˹ĵڶ㣬ôҲͲ˿ˡ
깥طΪ¶˺˾Ī
Ϊս깥طսø򵥡ҪģȿֲͰ
ɱһٷȻͨ뱾ڤڤ֮еһ˿ϵܹ˲նɱ֮ı𡭡⣬˾ֵĴڣ
ݵĹ㡣ֻҪеڶ㣬ôԷΪֻҪﵽ߲㣬ɣԲȫĳ̶ȡôɱˣʮа˾Ҫͬһͬġ
ʣܴﵽ̶ֳȣôҲɶˡ٣һε¼Ͳٳˡ
˿Լ޼һǴһЩ鷳ӥ˾Ͳ˵ˡףֻҲڰŻɣ
üͷ
Ǵ󻪹ڵ׽ŵĵӡȻ׽ԶԶȲħڡȴҲֲܱȵġ֮ܣ׽鷳ҲѰ·
üͷ壬һʱͷ۵ĺܣȴҲ֪ô졣
Ҳ֪ӥûаӣԼļλʦܣħڣҲѾٶȻ˴󻪹ס
һ׮׮ͷˡ
ֻһˣȻûɶµġĹʹ򣬴򲻹зԷٶȣǶԷƷķбǾ׷ġ
ǡ󣬻޼ҡԼ¡޼ܲܶ˰ɣôӴҪܵʲôطȥܰ
ңҲܸһһһӶ޼ҡ
һѡ£ΪԼ͹Ѿ޷ٽһԲѡµġƣԶ޼ҡܽܣ
ο޼ң޼ҶԲһʲô¡
ˣͼ
ͼһ£һֱҹڻҲ֪ʲôʱ붼֮ˣҪ鵽Լͷˡ޼ң·ǵܱ޼ң޼Ҵ֣֮
ļǵã궼ͨơٻĶҵԼʱйŹͷԼĿˡ
ǹŹͷܾû˲˵ԼҲܲһֱ˰ɣ
˼ãһѡ˼鲻أߣǹŹͷͼʲô뷨أ
뵽кܶɬ֪վͲȥͼˡһֱڣҲ޷ֱӡҲ֪ҪʲôΣֿܽ
һʱ˼ң֮źݺһ˦ͷ
ˣôʲôãҪģ취˵ı޼ң٣ҲҪԼ뿪֮޼Ҳһ˿ûС
뵽˳˼Ǽ춼ȥ

ʲô˵Ѿ׶ˣ
۾ϲվŵĿݡ
ǰŶʱ䣿㣬ҲĸʱɣݣȻѾ׶⡭
ʵҲ׶񡣡ȴҡҡͷЩأ׶ӥ
ӥ۵ɴ۾
ݵ˵ͷձһɱģȻֻķұΪҪ귽ָܻԪȻŻᶯֶԸ޼ҡ˵ЦһȻҹƴˡرĳ̶ȣҵԤϡ
Щ˲޼ǿ߶ϣĿĺȻǲ뾪ҡҵɱˣǴӲ޼ң޼ҡıŻҪһЩʱաֻʱճ̣ȴǲ˵ˡ
ֻһöӡ尲˼öв˵֮ǵΣǲֹۡ
ҡҡͷüһšȻҲЩ޼µľ档
ھԵǰûʲôá޼ҿˣܹսģȴֻһ˶ߣԼһһˣȴҪ̫ˡ


646 ޼ҵ
۵ҲÿȻҲ޼Ƿȱˡ
޼˵ĺǧ괫м塣ʵϣȴ治ʲôҡ쾳ǿߣѾ޼ǿˡ
У޼һǲСļ塣ԣ޼ҾЩ̫ˡ
۷̫١ȱס̨
ȻӵзκηҲǲȱƷӡϹħ÷޷ݱΪ̫һЩ޷ȫͷų
Ҷ÷Ϊ˲ʶ÷˼ʶǱʱ򡭡˵׼ⲻʲô£ɱ֮
ƥﻳĵݻǺġ
һ¡Ǿ쾳ǿߡ˭޼ҷ
չһ仰ʵⰡип
һ֮Ҳûóʲôʵеİ취ֻվ̾ϢҲֻһһˡȥ취ɡ
ۿݽüͷֻ뵽޼ҶݵĿǷͷһʱпǧ
ˡ
ǧпȴҲֻܻһ仰
ݿüǸ⣬΢΢һ˹ȻȴһЦҲ޼ˡ˵꣬תû£ˡ
š۵˵ͷĿ뿪۵зŵĸпǷͬҲο
ˣ򸴺

ǱۣݻصԼķԺ
һĺܿ죬顣кãͬҲл
ϸϸһ֮ȴεķ֣޼ʵ̫ˡ⵱УԼġ
ˣЩٶҲ޲ˣȺúõУԼ
ݺݺݵ˦˦ͷԺеͳͳʱһԣȻ˼Լһ
Ϊ֮ҪһܸԭΪӡԽƣĻָҲ࣬ʶ£ܹȫָˡʱ򣬱ǿˡ
뵽ӿ޵ڴ
ϹŻķһǿǹ룬ڴ
˰֮ݲҡҡͷһ˿ڴɢ
ȿ˸һƷб֮⣬ʲôɡ
ݽϵõĴ˳
һսֻõһɹȻ㲻ʲôɣɱĸҪ֮⣬ϣȻһıûС۴ָ߼ˡ
գۼ˴ӡݵʶһУۿ
Ĵ󣬲ʮݺᣬڴеƫµġа׼ĴǱȵûȵġ
Ȼһ֮ȴ΢΢һ¡
ǡƷĲϣ
ֻУûʲôǸֲϡ
Ѫźǧ˿Ѫӧʯ衭
һȥȴǾȵķ֣һУȻȫǷƲϡңǼΪĲϡ
ȻȲµĴͷһ޷ϹŻᲢۡȴҲǼΪĲˡ
ӣʮһֱռЩϣͼƷ
һȥȴȻ
һߣ˷ҪƳôҪĴۣǵһƵϡ
Ĺ
ʮľţ˵ʲô飬һġⲢǱʾûκεơ
һΣǾͻӴĹעԽǹעǿɲʾͶԽˡǡǡ෴עˣô͹ϲˡһ·עҪȱߵ
ԣ֮Уһ󷨽󡱣ֽС󡱻͵󡱡ĹЧǶĹע
ȻһƷȻûʹ󷨡ԣעˡ
ˣʶ֮лӴɱ⣬ҪۣǸ߰Ķࡣ
ЩϣѾ㹻߷˵ġ
аš
ţʲô
ȻݵĿ⣬䵽һ֮ϡﲻһ߼ԲͨףӨӨðŰɫ⣬ȥΪء
ܸڵݣԲ϶ǼΪϤÿһʶϾؿɴȥˣ⵱֪ģǱɽһǰˡȫʶ
ǰʶġ
ʶΪﲢǳʶ֮Ӵȡ˳۲
ƺĳص̺Уӯӯ
ʶ𣿡
ڿƬ֮󣬺Ȼк˷
ţԺдƬ֮󣬷Щȵⲻô
Ŷʶ۾һ﻽ʲôã׷ʡ
ţһֲյʣӵмǿ֮ƷʱʹʣԽȫ֮ȫע뵽֮ϡܵ޷ֲĴˣӵдϣӵеڶδͷĻˡǳĺ渵
ԣʱȻ
ԭˡ
ȷܵ˼ĴˣΪһֱͣڸ쾳۷ǹ㲻ǰʶӵӴɱ⡭Ӧǵµġǹɱֻͣʶδֵꡭԣ⡰Ƴһ߷ôǹɱ⣬Ҳֻͣԭʶ֮У޷һֱˡ
ֻһðˡʵģǵе֮֮ԶմͣʵҪģӵ֮˵
ȻݵΣȴǻһһ֮æ˵ʲô󣿡
󰡡
󣿣ݵɴ۾˼άת
޼ٵ⣬һǿɱ޼ֵѣձôǣһأ
ܴԶľ룿
˼һ֮ٶȿڡ
ÿʲôˡص
Щʲô󣿡æѯʡ
·Ϊ֡һ󡭡Ҳ˵ĿĴִĴλȫǲȷġпһ´ͣڷԲ֮ڡҲпһֱӴ͵һͷҲ˵׼Ϊ͡
һ֣Ϊ㴫󡭡㴫һ໥ӵġ͵һ󡣾룬Ϊ׼
͵
Ŵԣݵüͷٶ
һܴͶʹã
˼һ֮ʳһ⡣
͵ÿжԼĴСˡһԣ󹻴ֹĻһԴǧˣǿԵġ֮ص


647 
ֻôôüͷ
޼ҿˡһֻܴ˵ǧ˵Ļ
ǻǴ󹻴󡭡ԣֻһԴʮ˵Сɡݵüͷδչ˵һüͷĻ
ãݲһ¶Ρ
ӣҪ޼һıֶΣǲ̫ܵˡ
ʮˣ˵ļԣûʲôáҪǡһһֱͣӸ͵ѪԨħƼĿֲ֮ءǾ͸ˡ
ĻǸһѡ
ȻУܸܲ޼Ƽɱأڹؼʱ̣ܹ޼ұһ˿磿
ǴļһЩǰɣѯݡ
ݴ˴һ˵ͷǰ޼̫ǿߣ̫ˡұǿ࣬޼ҲʲôõѡпܵĻҵȷһЩ󷨸޼ң١ڱնɱ
˵뷨ֻҪˡȻȴԵЩΡ
ô
ǽع֮ƣԲҪΪϸ񡣾Ŀǰԣиûʲôܹܵס֮ĲϡǿĻۺ󷨣ûϣǸ޷ƳġĵĽ͵
ݴ˴漴εĿЦһҡҡͷǱ˰ɡ취
ܵĻΪβ޼ҵ˷ɢȥأɢȥ֮ضĽ޼ҴɢνߣαҪеļһĬƬ֮󣬺Ȼ˵
һ㶣û뵽⡣
ʵ⣬ҲûֻǣݱЩģ޼Ҷһֱ춼չ춼޼ҵķԴأ޼ҵĸ򲻵ѣҲԸ顣
ϸ룬˵ļ壬ҪϢ֮ķɢȥ͸¶˿飬һһϦģʱٲƽϣȵǿֻ֮£ˡ
뵽ݵüͷ
֮˾ϡ
лˡһˣҲᡭ˵һδĴ󡣷ƴ󣬸ҪЩʲôת˻⡣
׼һ鴫󣿡ʡ
š뿴Ҳѧϰ󷨣ͳһ°ɡ˵
Ǻã󷨵Ϊܣһ֮ƾԽϻٵ󡭡Ƚְ֮ɡ
á
ݱæµڷĽ֮£νֳ֣Լ󷨵䡭һһļ¼
ʱ䣬Ȼš

Ϊ㣬ɢȥ
ʨ޼һɸ߲㣬ڡһλϵۣ϶¶֮ɫ
úõģΪʲôҪɢȥԸĳϵһˣæ׷ʡ
Ƿʲô𣿡Ҳüͷۡ
ν룬춼޼ҵĸһ˵޼Ҫɢȥһɳ϶Щˡ
Ҳż˵ҡҡͷѹѹ죬ջ˻ȥۣȴĻ
۳Ƭ̣̾һ룬ʵҲ˾
˴¼شҶѾһЩ䱳ǰḮɡȻĻ֣ȴӥ
СѾӥǺħڵĵӡħڵҴ󻪹֯൱ġ
Ҵ˴Сݵ棬ֻʱ޼ҵĺޣѾﵽһޡȻǿߵĴڣʱû취ԸǡϾǶ޼һֱƤ֮£վһգᱻҵⷢӡ
СǿȴԶԶûдﵽ޵еĳ̶ȡȻ佣ڳ޼Ҹ佣ʲôϵһҪ޼ҡĪ˵佣ڻ᲻Ϊ޼붼ϲ˵ȻİæߵԶü𣿡
һ浽Ǹʱ޼ңȴһ˿ûУֻ⡣
ԣС飬ü廯Ϊ㣬ɢȥⲢķɢ壬ֻȨ֮ưˡ
˼ǰһϡ˵ɬȴ֣޼³һ·֮⣬
޼ңϾһ˵޼ҡټҪҵ
˵꣬̾һĬ
޼Ҹ߲㣬Ŵͣޱȵء
ݣջǽɢȥ뷨ۡûмľܾģֻ۵һĬ
ȻõĳĬ֮̾һ뿪ˣԼȴĳ˼
һټļ壬ڸĹʮصġЩƫļ壬壬ҲԸ뿪Լĸ
Ͼûиļ壬ҶĸƼ̸ֺʲô
۱˵־ԣǼѡ뿪ġϧΪһԶ׵Լ־ΪתơҪǵģǼ塣
Ҳ֪ݵĻûеġ
޼ѾһƮҡ״̬ٲжֻ¸ǰ
һɣ޼Ҽ޲ߡڣջһ
޼ңվ̫øԼһ·ô֣ǿԤġ
ÿһ壬ǿȻҪΣڴ½ʮļ壬СʱͬҲȻԵ߸Σ
ͬǣЩ壬סˡӴɳΪ˾ηǣиļ壬ȴûжסӴɢˡ
޼ңʹһؼʱڡ
޼Ѿ˳ɳΪǾݡ񲻹ʮ꣬ȴѾﵽ조쾳ڡĳ̶ȣ֮ƣҲҲܳɳȻܴ޼ҵķչνһ˵õȮ졣˵ıôһ
ͬģÿһŵĳɳ֮·Ȼһ˳ġĵ·ϣɱս顭ЩҲΪв޼Ҹء
Σա
ڿ˼֮ټ޼һɸ߲볤ϡ
Ͼ޼ңһ˵޼ҡΪһ£ôζţ޼ҽҪ춼󲿷ֵ棬ȻȥµĵطʼµķܶΪ㣬¿ʼ֮УȻ⣬һʣпܵ޼ҷѡ⣬Ը⿴ġ
۾ĵȴţȳȵڸλ֮ϣü飬ȴ˭Ҳ


648 ɢƻ
һ޼Ҹ߲㣬Ҳüͷ˼š
á
һȥúɡ
ϵУ䣬˵֮뿪
۲δסΪҲ֪ⲻһµľֻɢһ仰ǣŵ⣬ȴʵ̫ˡҪϸ˼еס

޼һɸ߲ص˼ţڷԺеݣȴҪԵࡣ
취Ѿ˳ȥɻ򲻳ɣѾһ仰ܸı顣
Ȼ޼ҵһǿߣڣȻвԸҲû˻ŷԡ
Ϊ㣬ɢȥͱҪȫͬģܴﵽĿġ򣬾Ƿɢ˳ȥһģ޼Ҹݵ͸¶ˡǸûзɢһģΪһˣױơ
ԣǿá
ȻãȻҲȥ˵ʲô
ʱ۾ŷڵ֪ʶ
ڴȷʵЩ档Ϊ佣ڵĵ伮֮УҲټйشĽܡֻһЩ鼮֮Уżἰ
һ֮ı֡
һŰֽֽһͷ⣬ҪȥֽһͷĻҪɽˮļʱһĵִ
ǣֽ۵أ
⴫֮ǽֽ۵ǹ
Ľͣʵ򵥣ȴͨ׶
һʱһţ˼һ֮ȴ佣ڵĹ鼮֮п˵ҪǰؾĻһ㶼ҪͨġȴǴ͵һռ䡭һŰֽЩռ䣬ô£Щѯʡ
ϣ֮ӵʤѷġЩѷ죬Щ޷棬ŴһЩȴܹġΪڿռзУȱ˿ռ֮ϣ˸׽ӽ
Щطνؾ
ЩؾϹŻǰϹľۼ㣬ӵŴرԼ塣Щؾǵѷ죬ӯŸָΣޱȣʲôô
ԣ翴һֽѵЩռ䣬һֽ
룬ȻŵʵԽЩռ䣬ΪֽһЩκۼȫֽڵġܹ֮ͨóд֮λã롮ֽ֮ϵĵκۼغϣӶִ
һݶʱȻ
һֽԭֽϵġֻֽǰɫģۼЩۼǿΪһؾˡ
ı̫ǡ֮Ǽ򵥻ࡣڳѧ߶ԣܸ⵽󡣡ݻȻ˵㴫󣬾мƻۺϡֽûйƻˡ
ĸпѡ
󷨵Ǿʦģ
ʣ˭ܽӵѺۣѺۣȴıͳ
ʲôݣӵǿѹϹ壬ȴɢܶණǵˡƫƫ󷨵ȳ̶ȣء
Խ뵽˴ݾԽʵݡ
Ϲţֻ۷һţϹŴ½Ҫľǿڰɣ
š
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ʱ䣬ۼ䣬ֹ졣
쵱Уݳ֮С󷨵⣬һһӰݡݣҲʼѧϰһЩ򵥵Ļ󷨡
Щ򵥵ֻĶˣ̻ûʲôܣȻԲϵҪҲͲߡȻûжٸߵȽ׵󷨿Ʋϣֻǳͨ󷨵Ĳϣǲȱġ
ӥ˵ĴҲһЩϡȻǶôͨЩϣҲֻǺͨĲϰˡ
ݿѧϰ󷨵ʱ޼Ҹ߲ڼƣҲڴһ¡
ƻƣλɢ
Ϊ㣬ɢȥ
ȻЩԽܣ޼Ҹ߲Ҳûһޱ֮ˡٿ˼֮һҲڶıʡ
Ȼɢȥķաʣ޼ɳ֮ǰİķչҪġ
ֻҪ޼Ҳݲ䡭ôǿ϶ģӵ츳
Ȼ˾۵Ҳԥ֮ˣͰаȥ
һӶ޼ҷּһϵˣ˳ȥЩˣֻȥܱߵĽḮЩطԶĶҲǵĿĵء
ͨ˵ľǲ֪ġ֪޼Ҽƻˣֻ޼ҵһڸ߲㡭޼ҵĿ䳤ǣǲġ
ͺñˮܣ鲢֮ܲͼ֮ʶ޼ҵһ޼ҵпûκε쳣Ҳ޼ڸ΢һЩˡ
ȻΪ˷ֹ˲̽޼Ҳδ춼ĲҵֻǿʼӶˣ𿴵ꡭ
һжϢƽ˾֮Уš
Ϊ㣬˵ĺսԲ˵һ㣬ȴǸԱѡ޼Ҹ߲˶һ
жһĿꡪ޼ٶʱһҪ󻪣ϣΪ֮𺳣

Сݣǣ
һĿɿڴĿǰһѲϣɫе𾪣Ա
Ǵжġѽ˸쾳ڣѾƷˡЩϣÿ԰ƷЦ˵
Ѫźǧ˿Ѫӧʯ衭
ÿһһϵɫͶһ𾪣
⣬⡭
һҲǼʶ֮ˡȻЩϵʱȻǽ͵˵
ЩϣҲֻŰ
˵һꡰѪźѾǧϵ꣡
ѪźͲֻ࣬һЩΪŨĵطпԴΪĻɣƤ͡˵еҲþֺ
ϡǵöӳħһǰҪСֻܶ࣬ﵽ˰˰ġѪźȴĳʮƷʯۣ
ʮƷʯʲô
ѾһɫͨƷˣ
ǰꡰѪźĸͷԼûʮƷʯͱ£
ʮƷʯ
һֱԴһѣҲӴˡ
֮⣬ǡǧ˿Ѫӧʯ衱ȵȣÿһļֵñ⡰Ѫźͣ
⣬ɾƷʯֵܼ
һһĿɿڴ
ȻֻǴһ֮ȴҡͷвУ̫ˣҲҪҲǸ쾳ͬûƷϣԼɡⷽ飬Ѿ׼ٹЩʱգͻᵽˡ


649 ɷ
˵ĺǼȻǰЩ϶ԣ˵ƭ˵ġǾܾˡ
ҡͷһЦİɣƲϡңЩҪá
УұЩãһϵǲš
ǼֵƷʯķϰݵĲϱЩãǵüֵ٣
ţ֮󣬷ּ䣬жһͨ巺죬Ө͸ΣɢŨź״塣
㿴ʲôЦһϡ
ȡź״ʱһϵ۾ѾֱˣĿе塭
ɫѪ죬ӨζȻΡ⣬ǡһϵ۾Ȼɴ˼ľ⣬Ǵ˵еźź
ԷϳҲЩȡ
Ҫ֪źɲͨ»֮صģܹ꣬СƷͬҲҩһָߴƷĵҩҩļֵͨˣû˵һϣȴ˳ʵЩˡ
ݾ龪죬ҲûжʡһٶˣôµУһЩʲô˭Ҳ֪ӵȼţƺҲ̫ȡ
뵽¶΢Цϣ㿴ɱǰЩã
һǺһڿˮŤͷһԼǰĲϡȻЦ˳
һꡰźѾǰвϣʮֹˡ
һ飬֪Ѿı⣬ЦŽźЦԣЩðɡ
һãڳ̾һݣȴǿɬ㱾޼Һ󱲣˵Ҫĸ׼ϵġ롭
˵ֲ뵽޼ٵľ棬ϵĿЦҲ˸п޼̫ҲѾˣҲΪպ޼ҵܣһ˵ļϡСݣˡ
ˡ΢΢ͷ˵Ҳ޼ˡ岻ݴǡ
һϿݣã˵ͷϣ¶Цݣãĺұˣ͵Т˼ҵģ
ݶʱЦ˳ˡ
һһСɽ֮ϣӶЦ

һʱֱÿոѧ󷨵ĸ֪ʶż㴺̣Ե÷ɡ
֮Ҳ𽥵ĻָšٶȻָȥһ£ܹȫָϡʱ򣬱ͿϹŻˡʵһֱڴһ졣
ȻȻɣȴδɾ衣ɵĽѵݵʶʱʱ̶̿ڹע춼֮ǿߡЩ쳣ģݱǻͣϸ۲졭Է޼ұֳκεĵ⣬ݶٶȸϹȥԷٶȣִ춼ǣֻҪʱ䡣
ãƺʱûʲôҪ޼ҡ
ķӦȻҲǿеġһ췵ضͳ츮֮󣬱Ҳûгı֣ƺҲûҪ޼ҵӡ
ڣȻҲ©¡Ȼص޼֮ʱ䣬һֱֵʮְһ붼ǿ߶ţڶûбʲô̬ϾһްԡȻȫĺǡ
ңͻȻ쾳ǿߣҪ˵춼ûʲô뷨ݶšǵı֣ƺûҪӣȻÿø
һУƺԵúǷƽ˾ӡ
⵹޼һɢƻո𲽣Ҳ׷ʱ򡣼ȻЩصĵ˶ûжݵҲֵˡ
ͨʶȴǷ֣Щʱգͨ춼ǿƺһЩÿÿյģٶʮǿߴ춼·ǰǴδġ
һʲô·ˡһǴ¡
š
Ȼתһ֮ȴֽ֮¡
ˣ֮ƣȵԼʶָȻ󽫷Ƴģպ˵
뵽ݱ̹ȻÿԹۣѧϰ󷨣ķż㴺죬Ҳ⡭

£ĩĳҹ
ĵҹ绹Եм⣬ϣ䲻絶һʹҲ˴
ҹĺ󣬲ƽһ֮⣬Ե棬һļžɳɳĲ֮û˿졣
⺣򣬾ں֮ң֮СһҾ֣źĸ
ֻڲ׳Ĵ֮У޴Ĵ治ɵĸ̾ȻǿС
㣬װĲݻȴҲһϣһ׵׺ڱߵġϣһѪɫġ֣ɷˣ˲Ŀ
мʶһģ¾ϳ⣬һΪɷšɱ־
ɷš󻪹ԣҲСɡλϣ㶼ľǿߡŵǸѾﵽ˵ĸǶڴ󻪹֮֯⣬ҲŵϺŵǿˡ
ʦ֣˵˴Ҫǰĵ죬һǷֵģ滹˺ЩҩܸҺú˵˵𣿡
֮ϣ˰εֵšһᣬȥʮӣ룬һ׺ڰľװ겨Ϊǿҡ̶ȣȻѾﵽ쾳ڵĳ̶ȡ
һˣҪһЩڣΪ㡣һףȥͬ͡ԱһźڰľװΪ겨ȻԱ˻Ҫǿһ֡ҲǴ쾳ڵǿߡ
ܹ⡰ɷšʵˡ쾳ǿߣҪְְأ
˵ģ֮꣬͸¶ֺ棬ꡣ
ꡰʦ֡΢΢ͷǷֵġ
˵꣬ʦֶ˶٣ѿЦ˵ʵֵҲżȻʱǸմǡβ˭֪ͻȫѾ޷򡣺ҳײ֮£ȴǷһ졣
˵˶٣ø̾
˵ǲ˼飬ǵϹľ죬ǳϵĳӯʱ촬ϣ´̽ա֪Ƿʲô˵ţԱߵİꡣ
æҡҡͷʲô
ʮ곬ļƷⰡʦ˵
ʮ곬ļƷ⣿ŴͣԼĶ䡣
⣬ǿɲͨﰡҪ꣬һꡭһˡ
˵ʮˡܹһ꣬Ƕǽ֮ˣ
СϣȻʮꣿ⣬ܰ
ʦһ͡


650 
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ǧ⣬鲼Сʦٶס
ǧ鲼С޷ǵ׸Ǹʲôӡ
Сֻ֮࣬¡ΣҲܶɣʦ𾪳֮󣬷ŻعȻȷѯʦ֡
һ˵ǿԱߣһǿޡЧԽǿԽǺǰҲԽǿ󡭡ǧ鲼ⶼʮСֲֻģѾ޷˰ɣ
ûС
ȻʦֵĻشȴʦܶʱһ
ûУɴ۾
ûСʦֵ˵ͷ϶һϵͷɽҰ⡣֮󣬾СΪһǿԱߣǿޡǡ
˵ҡҡͷûСһ·ȥ˵ʲôˡһֻҰ޶ûУСԵ÷Ź֡˵ɣֲȴǴⰻȻҲޱȣʵʵ⡣˵һɵɣȴһֻټûС˵֮涼ûУžķ·û
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ʦֵҲЩصĵ˵ͷô죡
ڵĵĻɽ֮ϣǷһؾʦֵЩ
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ؾȷģʦأǻɽƺɽΪСֵ̫죬ҲЩǵʱҲǺܳ㡣Ǿʱ롣ټһЩӣٹ
ǣһΣǣҪؾ
ʦܵͷЩˡ
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Ʋᡣ
ȻʦֵĻش΢΢԰׵ɫҲ΢ÿһЩΪʲôܣѯ˳
Сʵ̫졣˹Сϵؾ룿ҲΪˣҹҲûаա
Ҳ²⣬һӦֻȥժ⣬Ȼͻȥˡؾʦ֮Ҳ²⣬ӦҪͨЩõ֮󣬲Żῼǰɡ
ʦܲ԰׵ݲԻָһЩѪɫвѿʵЩˡ
ʦһۣʦֲŸ̾⴦鵺ҡɷšһֵġȫеĻɵʱҪ˵׼ʱǽΪȴ֯ĵأ
˵ţʦ¶һ˿ڴ
󻪹ô
ʦܵҲӹһ˿㱡Ȼһ˿ڴ

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¥һټģװݻĴ֮Уо˷С
һĻ꣬͸⿴һ֮󣬳˵
ϣΪ޵ļޡԲף
µٶȣԼĪʱ䣬Ӧþ͵ˡ°˵Уһߣ΢΢ĿǸӦһ֮۹
һϮۣǣĿ䣬һǼΪ侲
šԵ˵ͷĿ˸·˼ʲô
գǰ
Ƭ֮󡭡
ϣǵ˵ģ鲼ȴֺΣգһŮӵ֮дżɫһ֮ȴǴ˴յ
߿˵Ůӣһ֮ȴǲҽ˵˵ΣգΪǵȷʮֹ졭һȥȷû˿Σա
ŮӣһϮɫȹȥȻǲСȴ̴档ȴ۽ǵļβ֮⣬ȻܿɫòȻʱڣȻѵһˡ
˵Ů΢΢һüȻȴ̾һ૵ôܸо˵ʲôƵذ
̫ˡŮӵأһŵЦǴݴ߿дü䵹ûʲôɫˬЦһۺνСһ㣬ôΣգѵȴ˲ɣҪ˵ɴǾֱӽؾ֮пӵӴƸֻؾ֮УһҲ˵׼߹ЦţлЩڴ
ͬĳϵĻԣСǱȻҪȥġֻǡ߶һ΢ֵߣ۾΢Цż˵ֻؾ˰ɡӵСϵıѾȫ㹻ҡɷšչˡСֲܡµ·ꡣȵպΪ㹻ˣ⴦أҲ
峤Լǡ˸΢ߵĻ
һֱ۵Ļ꣬Ҳ΢΢˵ͷҲ¶˼ЦݣȴС죬Ҳˡԣ򲻿Ϊһƽ룬Դ⡭ؾҾͷɡ
ǡ
Ȼӵ޿ɱĵλһڣʣµİ˶ۣͣ
ȻǰšŲãģ·Ҫ˵궼ɵĴ

춼޼ңһɽ
ɽ֮ϣݾڵϡǰڷһԼĪƴС֮ʯʯͨ˸ɫɹ󣬿ȥΪء
Ǳзֿġ
Ϊ󷨲ϣʣȻ֮ͨзֵġӵз˵ȴʲôˡɵģݱǽһ߼ġзֳΡǰһΡ
񣬽Ԫ֮֮С̺֮һ롮ڡ
Ҫ֮꣬ԣ飬ӦǺܼ򵥵ġ
ע󷨣Ҫҡ
ݵԺƽȵݳһĿҲʵ
ŷѧϰ˽һµˣڶҲһȫ˽ˡͬҩһֻеͿԵġҪͨһʵѧᡣ
ѧģǡ
ѧУϵȵ󷨼ˡһ󷨣ͨʹĲϣȻÿһһ󷨡ȻʵϣЩɢ󷨣ϵƷźáȻǶԴԼˡ
󷨣һۿɼǱǣһãҲ޷ƶܲ㡣
ǲͬ


651 
ǽе󷨣һ̺֮ãȻһĴڡ󷨣ֻҪʯǿÿաȻǷ˲١
Ҳˣͨ󷨶ԲϵҪҪߣʦҪҲߡ
󷨣ǽ֮ƣ⵱УȻܳʲôһǱرˡ
ԭأãž޲Լ֡
˫ָһһƽâȻָߡ
һ󡭡ˣ
ֻ֣һ˲ûһӰ˸СȻǰ֮Уһķӡǣƾճ֣
Щ·ģһдһݵָݵһǷıʱһԽʵС˺ԶڿС
Щģй֣Ҳֵͼ
ݵƽרעƬ̣ǰѾ˽ٸʵСķġ
˵ʹȻˡֻµʱ䣬Ȼյ̵塭еķܹ֮ͨ۲硣һĻҲ΢΢˵ͷ̾ʷǷ
̵ģǴ󷨷ġ
ΪѾʧļ֮һ֮ӣȻԶ󡣱ϾҪ֮ʵǰ򵥣
ķ˰ʱʱ䣬ǰѾǧӬͷ֣˸ĹâݵݣȾ˽ɫ
Ȼķ˰ʱھ˵ȴʲô˫Ƚʣ˿һַ̳ˮ˿ҡ
̳һ֮кȻâʢͬʱҲð˾ɫĹâ

һȣдͬʱָֻһ㣬ŵ֮ϵġȥģһ˲·ӵһ㣬ĳŰƴСġӿȥ
һ˲䣬ɫġȾ˽ɫ
ۿһַҪУȻʱ򡭡
䣡
һ죬ϵġȻұը
ǿҵıըâʱһһɫâʱγһϣǰըĳȫֵ˻ȥ
ȻԪԵΧĵ棬ɾˡ
ʯ׷ɣһЩСһЩʯͷֱӱը촷ۡ
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⡭
Щɻգһ۾
ըȻǿң˵ȴʲô
ô£ǰ˵ȥģΪʲôᱬըݲֵѯʷ
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Цˡ
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ݼ棬ȻӴȡһöƴСġ
ʧһΣݵ֮ȴδʲô֮ɫĿƽž޲Ƭ֮ٶԼ֡
ȻһƬƬɫģӰָ£Ļ˳

漴𣿡
ʱ֮
ݺĶԼаƴСġ
ʱ⡰Ѳ֮ǰǸģֻϸһ·Щ·ȻɣΪ̵ġݳĬһ󣬶üĽâһһ֮ʱС
ֻԼһټĽɫռ֮Сռڣʮ߸󷨻ۣһĲС
Լһ̳󷨿ռ𣿡
Ŀš֮ϣֳЦݡ
֪󷨿ռ䣬ˡ
漴Ҫʹã
Ƭ̺֮˳󷨿ռ䣬ѯʡ
ʮ߸󷨻ۣе֮ʹʱֻ赼һ˿ȻͿˡʱӴ֮˺ѿռ䣬ߡǹ֮ữһ߱򣬴ԽռʱܵѹԻһص
ԭˡૡлһĳ嶯ҪԽռϵĸоͬʱҲܺ漴ܽԼʲôطȥ
嶯Ҳֻǳ嶯ݲһױ嶯ҵˡĴ͵ǲȷġôؾһһ󣬱͵ʲôǿɵǿ޶ûˡ
ְһ֮ݽ֮֮ķԼĴ
ԼƵĵһ󷨡ͬʱҲھʱпܻԼһĶɲˡ
պһĿ⿴Զ
֮Ѿȫ޸񣬱׼Ʒɡ
ݵУһ˿ڴ

صԺŴ˵˵ݱǾԳ۵ʨȥ
ϹŻͬСɡ˷ʧͰˡһɹǱȻҪٵģѡһȫ֮ڣֻķӿҪһЩ֦ڡ
ȻҪ뿪ֻһʱҲز޼ҡһЩⲻ˵ġ
ʮĳϡ
ʨ󣬿ŵļΪǼݣһæĿ𾴡
ݣ޼ҵĵλǿǶһ޶ġ¼֮УչֳǿƣһʱȻǼֻۣҲҪΨһԺȵģҲֻһˡ
šݵ˵ͷѯʣأ
ʮĳϣһæر
˭ڣ
żүүǰŸߣֻмһڡæص
Ŷݵ˵ͷȥ
Ŀ𾴵ݣһлȴ
ʮĳΪ߾ȴû뵽Ͱһ̾ݵıӰȡ
Ƕ֮ˡˣʮĳϿǿƵĺأһͷ
ʮĳڣ˭޼ңҲ
ǡ

ǵȻӲݵĶĿֻ΢΢һЦȴûʲôʾ
ܿģȻֻһˣǰϵһʲôϡϡ
үү
˽ȥ󻽵


652 Ǳ
ԣ̧ͷݣ϶ʱ¶ЦݣЦСݰүүʲôô
޼ҡɢƻ˳Уĳϣϵ˶Ѿ뿪춼ǰءһ׮֮۵飬Ҳ֮ǰǰأЦȻҲͶЩ
ɢƻȻӱܣȷ޼һٱĿܡΪȻҲࡣ
šЩ¡ݵ˵ͷ
Ŷ˵ʾ£ȻĿݵʲô£
֯һԣҴҪ뿪޼һʱ䡣
뿪۶ʱ
ϵݻ뿪Ͼǲһֱƫ޼һż֮صġȴҲû뵽ôɢƻո·Ҫ뿪ˣ
⡭ʲôô룬ѯ˳
šҷѾ׼ˣԴһطƷݲδ
Ʒ۾ʱһȻЦãȥˡ
Ʒǵȷһ¡쾳ǿߣ֮Աȴ쾳ǿҪǿһȻΪһ¥ҪģǷˡ
һǿɾ͵ڶһ飬Ȼ
һǰʱҲʼƷˣСҲҪƷˡ޼ңƾնλ쾳ǿ߰п֮
ԼҪʱȽϳԣ֮ǰЩкˡݵ˵ͷȻ˵
Ŷʲô
ţЩ
˵䣬âһʱԵϣһѹâ˸֮
ֻһۣȻȻŵľ
ݵ˵ͷЩЩõġҲáүүȥаɡӡѾĨֻҪӡԼӡʹˡǿܣܸλ϶ԷһҲǿһ޼ҵʵη䣬үү㿴Űɡ
˵꣬ۡ
ۣʱȴǴסˡԼ۾
ǰʮн߰˼һǹһڼףһԻ󡭡
ЩΪѾĨӡʶС˺ܶࡣһƳ̡ǣɢӯӯԼǿҵĲȴۡûпǵȷ
ôôģ
һʱ仹Щ޷ܡ
Щ
İɣɸġɸıҲáЩԼЩ굱лõġ˵ţִԼ䣬ȡ˰˸⼸ҲĨӡͬЩһӡӡͿʹá޼ҡɢƻȻҪͣЩҲͷˡ
һЩƷʯƷʯͨӲңҪʲôϣҲһЩ
ֶϺټĻٲҪֳһ죬ǲˡ
˵ţݽҲŵԵϡ
ʱѾɵˣֱ֪ηӦ
˸Ȼǰ˸
ֱԴһѣ
ֶʲôʱ㲻ֵǮˣҪ֪磬ܹӵдģҲడϣа˸˸
۶֪ˡͻȻڱҵͷġ
ۻ֪ʵһȻϰ׼ľ޴֮ǰ˸ĿռҪȻҲӰ󡣶һװϹŻǸСˡ
ã¶˾ϲ飬ݣȴҲ˵ˡ
үүĻҲ˵ˣҲ޼ˡһҪ׼һ£ԼĪһ֮Ҫ뿪ʱ򣬾Ͳˡ
˵꣬ת֮ȴͣ΢Ĭ˵үүģɢƻֻʱġΪ㹻֮һ޼ң
ۻһ𣬿ݵıӰۿȴʪˡ
ӣĸоǷСδĹĹȻԷȻԹ޻ڵİ޼ң
ûԹԣ۲šݾˡûԹԣҪ
뿪ˣվԭأδͣҲû˵
˿һѼֵ˵ĲƸڣỬ䡣
ᡭһöӰ
˵˼ȴƮ˵޼Ϊ緢ϡȻ䣬ƺһӰŶ¶΢Ц

һͳ֮ݵĲƸǴˮˡ
ô˵ҲֵʮҵƷʯǡ\ʼסƷǷб¾Ͳʮ
ǰ˸͸˵ˡӥ˵ĴǶʮ׼ġгҲʮƷʯ׽ŶԼʮ״ֵܼǳһ߰ʮƷʯ⣬Ѿ㹻ٽһˡ
ݲڡȻ޼ҿǷүġ飬ҲݵһЩ뷨Ȼĸı˲١λص壬еĸܵһּҵĸо
ƾţԹ޻ڵػ޼ˡ
ϧ佣ڵĹܴȥ򣬲޼ңԼҲҪѡӣԺþռһЩ칦һҪ׳󣬽һˣԶԶ
Щп
ݹЩһǿƣ⿿һˣǾǿߣΣνҪһ˵վ޵ġ
ԣ޼ҵʵڱе顣
һɳۣޣֻºķѾ̫󡣲޼һкܶ󱲣ǵδȴӵ޵Ŀܡ
ֻݱΣδ޼Լߣһõİ취ڡɢƻ֮Уݲδἰ
ȵԼΣնˣ㹻ʵˣݱȻҪʼ޼ҵǿߵġʱֻ޼ҳǿߵļʣ̫ˡ

ʱ䣬ܿ˹ȥݴǱ˴̣ٶ棬ȴδǿݡ
Ͼͨĸˡô꣬ﻹʵҪԣ
ӥǱȻҪգԨġʲôأ
еĸһֻҪԼĺӺúõģʲôĸ׶ֵ֧ġ

ģµ⣬ʵʱůȴˡ
ɽ࿪ȥֺΰ֪
ɽҰ֮УҰޣʱʱĵͺһԵޱˡ
ȷ˴𣿡
һӴɽ֮ϣɽָ֮״Сɽ岻ߣҡȴ˵Ķͣ䣬ղԡ


653 
ʱɽԵĸ߿֮һӰ̤һɫ֮ϣͷˡ·ڿʲôΡ
ɽ壬ɣ֮״Ĳֻ̥֮ҪһЩȻɽ壬ͿԵõһˡ˵õĻ˵׼ܶһ١ԵЩܡȻ⴦Σ⡣
˵Ӱ̤ѰƷ֮ˡ
ϹŻƣȻҪ١ˣѡƷĵصƺࡣʮɽ֮⣬ƺͱѡˡ
˵أ޼ңѾǧľˡԷٶȣȻǷʱŵִ̺
Ȼ٣Ҳ»ᾪˡ
ȻضҪٵģò󣬺ͲʹòٵĹģǴͬġ
Ҫ֪֮Ľؼ׽٣Ī˵Ϊ쾳ȻǴﵽ˵죬׽٣ѹҲǺܴġ
޼ңʵҲռһЩ󷨲ϡĿľΪƲ
ЩȻԶԶ㲻ʲôòϣڲȻЧ죬Ҫۼȴǲ
ҵһȻ֮أǾ͸ˡȫԳ֮Ϊ°빦
򲻸ˣһ·ɵ˵أһ۱Ȼ֮Ƶ塣ӣܹʡٵˡ
ҵܹⳡ١ܼһЩһЩɡھͿʼ󣿡
ݵǲٵ
ʵãֻ֮һˡҪģǿٶϹŻĹעһʼ͹עĻֻ¶Ի֮УһЩͰ
ϾϹŻڴ֮һ֡ɷ֮ߣؼĪߡΪã֮¡
⣬սˡ
ţưɡ
õ϶Ĵ𸴣ݽ£һյأȻ׼Ĳ˳
ЩϣͨϡԶԶȲġȻܵҲ̫ࡣ
ãҪһɱáȻܽö֮ơҲ㹻ˡ
ڵأ˫֮ۡٶʱУѾָһƬݡ̬ʵ˲Ŀ
Ƭ֣֮󣬻
֮ԼĪҪķҵʱ䡣
аԹһȫͶ롭

󻪹ߣҰ֮ء
ɽ޵Ĺ಻ݡľдУֳȻ׳
Ƭ׳ĹɽһȴһӴĽȺ
ڽȺĴһ޴Ĺڸûʣȷ
ڹ湬֮ϣһŵľ޴ҶҶ֮ϣֻдһ֣ȴǰʮ㡣

Ȼһ֣ȴԿߵؽǣ
˼ֻǱջذˣƾʲô˼Ҿͳ
ŭ𣬺ģڹһڣ߳һٻӰߣŭš
Աвڰ侢װĵӣǷ⵹ٻӰȻһ֮󣬶ȻʧЦ
Ӻʦŭܴء͵ЦĿŭ˹ȥŮӡ
ǰǰС̽뿪ʱǡʦչءˣֻͷҪˡԱһҲ¶Цݡ
ǰ˺ٺһЦ̬չ
⡰ʦ㡱ĶŮСͼΪܵĳ硣Ҫ˵ɷš˭ͷ۵Ļôʣ⡰ʦ㡱ˡ
񡰺ʦ㡱ʮ꣬ΪȴѾﵽ˴쾳ڵĳ̶ȣ츳еľˡҲѹ˳ˡ
Ȼʮˣʦ㡱뿪ɷšԺǻô࣬ԴµȫȻûа֮ŮȻʢȻеӵİӭŭӣֻüЦ⣬ҲȫȻġ
ߣȻʦ㡱ʵУȴǽһɣϾˣ󲿷ֶҪ
һЦע£ʦŭ˹һ֮ǰȻ̧ž̤ȥһߺô
Ӧıһ߿ʦɵĿ첽˽ȥ
´ֻԼǰλ϶ءʦȥ˱飬¶Ҫ˰ɣ
һɵţ͵Ц̽׿ȥ
Ȼ

ļȻ͸ˡɷš
ڶһ
Ǻʦ
ô£
ڶӶʱһʱ첽ȥ
һ
ʲô
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ʦɫ԰׵ĵڵϣɷ׵ϣŲ뾪Ŀ־塭
ǰ棬ʬ壬һڸλǰĵ֮ϡûϢ
пһĻġɷšӣͷ˲һƬհס


ãĴ
Ȼǰ죬ȴȻŨ·Ų
ȻǿߣҲֹܵѼָ
һƬ
Լ䣬ԿһƬãɫ֮Уһç޵ӴɫӰԶ֡
һС
СϣĽšȻ˿ֻ̼䣬ҪֹͣԼ
ֻ֮ϣ鲼һ곬ǧģָ⣬ͬ׵Ұһ㣬鿪졣Ȼ
Цģһ޴ޱȵɽɽ·ģĳ˵ʲôҰ޺Уһ˿ҲǷǷ

ڴʱһɭȻЦȴǺȻƾճ֣С
ôһ˯ʮ꣬磬Ѿô
šУһа
Σߴף΢˫Ŀɺ죬ڣıһ£һƤһĺɫۼףȥаֲ
аץ˵һ⣬ѿǡ
ѿ·ֱʣԵôĿġ
Ҫ𣿡
аŤͷѵʵǣһ֣¶״ݡ
󣬵һӰ
ĿͶնϵĻɫȹѾɣŽڵϡ̴֮ϣʣµģֻдͣԼһĨҡ
ǡɷš峤ϣ
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ǰϵĴ£̤⴫˵еĵ졣ϣȻͬԣǧϵ⡣ͬʱ־
˶ϲ֡ΪǶôӴһʲƸڡɷš˵ζʲô
ζŲǿߣζţɷšӴ˽Ҫ


654 
һϲ֣һ·ĵĻɽ
һ·ֻ봫˵е⣬һ·ӲһǵǰڣǵִĵĻɽ
ɽ֮ϣȻʮ⡣Щ·𲢵ٶмȫȻͬ˵ĴڡȻȴһͬţʵ뺧Ȼ
ΪⲢǷҪժ棬ȻҲһϵеĽʶһֻǲժһֵǧ⣬⣬ȴûһΣѾȫ׼ǳЩģ
Ȼ׼ժЩʱ򡭡
جΣʼˡ
һ֣һ˲䣬Ȼ𡣶һ̣˶ǻһȻʶȫ˺ڰ֮С
峤ļǵãԶǧ֮ġɷšıҲһ̣ӲȻͿԭһˡɷšġɷš߲ǵıһһȻû˿׵ĵءϢ˲ţ
Ѿɣ˵ѾΪǣҲڻһ֮󣬵ض
׷ʲô£
־ȫԺֻüðʣȻʶ޵ĺڰ֮С
ֵǣڲ֮Ȼָֻʶ
ֻǣĸоǧ֮ıѾ䡣񻹻ŵģֻһ߷ˡ
һ֮˭ˣӰ쵽һ塣ǣȴͬʱ䡣ֻǣ˵ΪˡΪﵽ˵죬ɵĻһ壬һ壬ٲκεӰˡ
ֻǡԼıǧ֮⣬Ϊʲôˣ߷ţ
峤ϣʵס
ȻͿЩħ
ʲôһɺɫ˫֫޴ɺ죬ݰԼƤһۼסһδ
˵ǻ³ӯϢȴһĪаϢ
ֶħƺױȵ귽Խһ֮ɱǧ֮Ŀ꣡
ǣǽɷš˶ɱˣΪʲôԼ
峤ϵУɻ
ȻЩħжش
ЩĶаȻȻ
峤ϵУ¶ױȵԹ뱯ݣˮ꣬
ԣԸѡ
ƫƫΪȫӡΪ걻ѹ壬ԼٿˡֻģһĵϷйšȴȨûС

һ£ҪˣʱǲǾҪȥطˣ
һɭȻЦһԱȵһҪСһŵͬ˹Уڴ
ֻһô
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ȻĿ⣬ƶԱλ峤ϵϣУ¶ŨŨ
Ů˵ζ
ȻȫѾҵ峤ϣУȻ¶Ŀ־塭

޴˫һչֱץס峤ϣȻ󣬳ŻɽڣӶȥٶȼ죬˲䣬ʧ
Сжʱ˵ĹâڴȻҲһӣŻɽзȥ

Ůˣ

ɽڣʱһ˷ܵаЦ⡣
ȻһҰްĵͺԼŮԼ䴫ľ

á
ߴ壬վɽ֮ϣ̧ͷ죬ѿɺ죬һ˫ɢа졣
Ƭֻ֮κȻСһҲŨƬ֮ҡһ䣬ȻһȽȽ˼µӡ
죬ааһЦȴ˵ֻǣһ˫ɺɫ۾ȴΣҲβˡ
ô
ţͷ̽Լ壬ɺ˫͸¶ڴ
Ȼ̧ͷ۵߹֮ϡ̧֣һ֮ЦдȻ󣬴졭


ָ£ȶĿƽнâ˸ݣһģָ֮²֮ϡۼһ̶֮һָǰĲϡâ˸һ֮һɹ
ϸ˿֮󣬱ԼĴУȻȡһϡ
ܶʼ
󡱣ϾΪ󷨡ȻȻݵ׼Ȼʱ䣬ſŪʮ֮һˡнŲĹȴɡ
ʱ䣬Ȼ˹ȥ
һ֮
ٶһ֮󣬰һ˸֮һڳΡ
ˡ
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ʱһ࣬ڣǱ׼ˡ
һһ飡
ôվ
Ȼʮ죬ݵľȥǲȻüһƣɫȻûϢ˼ǿѯʡ
ɽ壬ÿɽһٿ顣ʣµۣλþˡҪ롣Ժ
Ե˵ͷҲɣ˳ȥ
̤һɽ֮ϡ
ֻҪɽˣѯһ顣
šص
ݵ˵ͷӴУȡһöڡһöƷʯֻüĽâһû롰֮Уһס
ʱǡһ˷֮ϡȻȻ˽ȥ
ݿһ֮󣬼ʩΪ
˷
Ƭ̣һöѾȫɽ塣
תһɽȥ
ö󷨣ʱһʱȫֱɽ֮С
ֻǣȥû˿쳣·ûʲô仯
ݣصָɽĵ㡭ҲһǸλãͳһ顰
â˵档һ֮Ȼ롣û˿ۼ
ô죿
Щѯʡ
СͿˡص
ԣ˵ͷʶʱ˲ɢȥ
˲䣬һӦĸԺ֮Сһֻáᡱһ졭


֮䣬Ȼ˾޴ı仯ֻԭ峺죬һ󲨶֮󣬺Ȼû谵
ʶУһҲݼһ˲䣬һĪĻɫ˲䣬ǽָ壬С
һ˲䣬оԭӦɫ͵һ˲䣬ȻĪıңԶ·⵱Уһʲô
֮󡯡УĸӦƽʱҡԵģڵˣĸӦͬҲԣֻʲô֮áУȴǲеġԺ


655 Ʒ
šﶼˣбסݵ̹Ȼĵ˵ͷ
Ȼϥ˵ϣһһʱϵơ֮ҲһЩȻָһ£ȻͿʼưɡ
ϹŻжǿأ
ݵУӳһĨڴȻ˫ۣظ

תۼ䣬ȥݣڴ붨֮У˹
ĿԲȻ֮Ѿȫָ
³һĿ
ɰܣڴһ٣
аš
Ʒһ˵ӵаٷ֮ٳɹʵġֻҪ㹻ǣҪƵģҪٵĴڡ
Ϊ٣Ϊǲ֮µġ
ıԴ֮Ϊƿأ
ԣٱȻ뾡취˷𡣴Ӷû롣
ȻѾ׼Ȼ֮˲Բνԡԡܲܳɹʵڰ֮С
ǳɹǲض˵Ҫ֪ȫµľǿ߻¼Ҳֻʮݣǿ֮
ʧˡ
ϣôѰҵģЩϣֵƾͲʮƷʯ֮¡ߡִˡ
ǿƷʯҲԲ򵽵Ķ
Щϣ̼ͿͻƵΪϾѾɡ˵⾳һЩӸ쾳ֱ죬ᾭܡ̵У⾳ǻܿĸȥʱǾʵʵΪΪǶ
һʧܣһУʧ
ò˵ƴ˵˵һġ
ʧܣûʲô˵ģ޴ʧȻǳҪһġ
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ʱѾ㹻˵ġһ߸֮츳ֻ֮û˿֮ȼˡ
Ұĵġ
ԣݶȻҪôһġ
ʤӴӵеǶ۷Ŀܡܣʧء
ֻᣬκһˣţ¶ѡһġ
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ݵȻɣҲֻĳ̶ȵġ֮İ죬죬֮ͬУȫ淽Ȼ츳׿ԽҪǶȳ̶ȣѾܹˡУ츳ˣȱһɣ
ܵõһǾȫͬˡ
̥
£˵ʲôǾĪбԴˡ
һɣݶڵ⣬ʱﵽһǰδеľ磡
Ǹʱͻͬ
ʱѳɣҪģֻˡ
ᣬһۿɼ

Ժн֮һ˦˦ͷͷ˦ȻĿһƬᶨ
ʱӵ޵ǿʵ粩һ޵δ
ͷˣݲٶԣּ䣬佫ʢŷƲϵĴȡ˳
ʶ̽룬ʱһꡰꡱϣķڴȻɫ֮Уײ
ȴɫ֮йǴУҲе˼ֲʡ
Ҳ֪ʲôȻܵס
ԽԽ
ɫ֣˵ҲȻԡԱסԵȷԡ
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һĿֻȻɫһףſһ£̼䣬һڴһ˿ɫѪ
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ݵڿмһ·䣬ڿг͡Ѫ͵һ˲䣬ּ㣬ʱѪǧŵġѪ衱֮ϡ
Ѫ衱֮ʯ֮Уʯ衣ɺѪȴճ͸ȥء
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Ѫ衱Ӵźһ˲䣬ɫ⻪˲ʢ
ݸӦͷһ˿ĪѪϵĸоԽ
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ּһɫѪ͡һΣǡ۽

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κһĻɽĲλȻڡңǴġ


656 ٽ
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Ȼʱȴǲ֪ϸڡѾɫѪˡ۽֮С⡰۽ҲͬǡѪ衱һ㣬ˡź

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657 Ӯ
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ݵӡǷϣ·һ˲˴еСۣʱиĿܡ

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659 ǿ
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Щǵš˫ۡ
ڤڤУһ˿Īǣݵ֮ʱӿ
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ڳţİĿռ䷽ԲγһƬĽɫ绡γɵ꣬Ƭռռݡ޴ĺԶҲķ
ʱ䣬ϵ֮У˹ȥ
ݱΪӦúܿȥģʱƣȴףԼˡңĺס
죬·ƿһ󶴡©Ĳˮ
һ죬ٵԽԽǿݱһӡ֧֣֧šߡӡɫĵ绡֮һδαٱȴһδλΪģǿŹȥ
ڶ죬ٵǿһݡʱȴܷ֣ԭ֮УȻһ˿·һ͸һ˿͸ֻռİٷ֮һҵĳ̶ȡȻȴҪԡߡݵӡȻȥ
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ڣûһҲܴӵлһЩô
꣬һʼ˺һʹȫһľӡ֮ϵ׹ΣԽԡżܿһ˿绡һ
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ʱԽԽ׳ֱʡ٣ǿȹĺá
˵꣬ҲкôôʱȥȴҲǰ취
ϾռδҲ̫һЩһʲôǿߡȴǲˡ
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ңĸҪģҲꡣ壬صġ
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ҵļУвٽƾԷݵأɽ˵ģȻҲǲǵˣĺǿ
֮䣬ûκεطǲȥġȻһЩѹԪġؾ֮УҲɳ衣
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ķʣֻʵƿԡ˵еʱݸŴͣ˼顣
ƾǷݵأɽκξȥͽ˺ѿռ䣬ռѷ죿


660 Ѫ
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һǿ׳ˣһˣôһɡԵĶ࣬յȻͶ֮࣬Ȼ
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ΪԪȷҪϣһЩطǷǳġĲ˵ľݾ佣ڵĹżп٣ֵطһʵʮ㣬ֻҲֻʣһˡ
㹻ǿĻǾ͸˰
κΣգ޷˼ԼκʱԼӵǿսʲôµأ
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ݿһԶٷΧҪϳȥ
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ãѪȻƿ¶ݡ
Ȼڣݵ۾ȴѾ¶ģȴǾ֮ɫ
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ݲŵ̧Լֻ֡ϱ߱׵˵ļۿɼٶš
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٣ݾͲʹ졣
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661 
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ݶɽٵʱһʣȴǷ֮ѪԨ


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㵱ʲô˰ԴȴһƲɲ޼ҵķ񡣴һѡ


663 
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669 
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ǾһĹצ͸״壬ѪץסֻüһҽУͼȻŴͣһҧǵͷ
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ݣȻ֪ξʹԷҪԷϼ塣֮ˡҲǸʱֳˡ롱ðϧëҲ
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㴫кܴĲͬԶԣҪΪһЩΪ滹Ҫһġ󷨡һƣݾǶ㡰󷨡ʱ򣬳һС⣬¹һ
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飬Լһɡ
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ݱ֮ʶʱӿ󷨿ռ䡣
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һ󷨷䣬ǰʾŸԵá
ʱܿȥ
âݻһĿָ鶯϶ʱֳ֮̾ɫ
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˵֮УΪ񱩵Ĵڡһ㣬Ȼһ˲ӳܣͿɼһˡ
ԭ֮ܵƷҲͿˡ
Ҳֻȱѹסˡ
˵Ϊ˵ǷġΪ󷨿ռ֮У˲ٵķġ
νģҲĵһ֡ȴǹġ佣ѧϰģȻʶемǿǣط֡
˵󷨷ġ
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ؾ֮УвϹʱɵڣиֽƣǼࡣһʦʱãɾҪˡܹɵȡԭҪķѼܵõı
⣬ʦ

ĵõһƷʵ󳩡ֵİãԽԽǾƯءʵĻɫâʱҲԽ֮ˡ
ⲻУѹ˵ѹƵס
֮е飬ӿݵʶ֮УûһâҫĽ𲧡
ʱʶ֮УѾһ𡰼춦һꡰչһ̶Լһˡ
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ݵĿӹʶеļ춦
춦Ʒĵ¯Ȼ󷨲٣ǣҲû߲ʹ⻷󷨶ࡣ˵춦γһ壬ô߲ʹ⻷ӦҲܡΪΡ
ݳĬһ֮󣬺Ȼڵҿһ
ţʲôЩ֡
ݷּ䣬֮Уһ𶦡Ǽ춦
ҾЩŹ֡ҿֱ˵
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ף
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˵ؼΪƫƧûʲôʱҲ㰲ȫʱɡ
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˵ؾ޼ңǧݵٶȣҪϻȥֻµ֮ˡ
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ݸ޼ҵʱ򣬴󺣱ԵһȺҲƫƧ֮أʮɽڡ

һҾ޴ڸ߸ߵƲ֮ϣƿնС£ʮɽ

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ӣһ۴ھ׽üЦŪУɵķһۡû˺ϱӶͶ̥İɣ
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ʶҲһγ˵൱еһˡеүС𡱣˵Ǵ󻪹ܱһҵĺӵܡ
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ûʲôġֻڼޱ֮󣬶ʱ㾪Ϊˣޱչ˹ơǰڣҡʵЩˡ
ͷʮֲԷҲõֻƲޱơ
ޱƵü΢һЦݿ֮Į˵ظӣˡƻҪһͬ͡л
˵꣬Ҳ꣬ŤͷеĿ⡣
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˵ķ߷߲ƽȻҲЩŭ⼸ԷޱƵľ
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ȻΪޱ˵ֻ޼ⷽҪǿĶࡣ⻰ԷУһԷ磬ֻҪ⡣
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ֻһ꣬˹һ˵Ϊݶʱûһ˿ѪɫȻĿŶԷ
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΢Щ걻ǻһʱعæĹлǰ֣
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һϮ꿴ȥʮ£ŨüۣȥǺš
ֻǣ֪ǿ߾ꡣ˱ϿԼ൱ָǼ֡ʶ˿ҵ
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678 ħ
ޱƵǰѪԨûٻȥݷ޼ңȻǲ֪ġ
ޱƣǻȻҲһ£ӹһ˿ޡղûʱһŮӣѵһˣ
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ʱѪԨޱԽԽΪ쾳ڣô޻ЩġټԴԴǿ߸ѪԨˣ㷵ţչС
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ʵϣޱƳһ˲ڣޱƶȻҲΪ顣Ϊ֮ˣҪҲҪԼȥ
飬ǲмڵġ
˵Ŀӹее֮ʱ΢΢һȴ¶͵Цݡȴδ˵ʲô

ͨҲʶˡˣҲ޼֮δ뿪
һʼ˻Ϊ˵ʵЩһȴҲǹ֮ˣˬ֮δΪǵΪ΢ǣһʱҲŨ
磬佣ڡ𣿡
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뵱꣬ݻҪʦءȴԼһִ˴쾳
ǸʱѾ֪ݵʣҪ߳˲֪١
ԼȻѾﵽ˴쾳ڣ̶꣬˽ǱȽϴġҲݵʣֻѾԶԶĳ֪ˡ
뵽ɵĻ뵽ǳʮҪжɫ츳ôʱ
˵ţ΢΢ҡҡͷ
㡭ܸϸϸ˵һ˵ôޱ۾ĿźˡԷ˵ʦ֣ޱԺ
Լĵܵܣǰǿᵽ֮˵ʦְ
ã£ұҲ˵˵ɡ룬Цһ˵
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˽֪йݵ飬㶼渵ˣҲҡΣΪԵĸеԺ
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˵޼ҲζڴʱһҽУȴԶԶ˵ġ
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Ϊ⣬ѿɭȻһЦĴ򡭡
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ĳޣѾȫͷԡ


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682 䣡
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۾䵽ϵʱһվˮ̲סģ˫ۡ
УСһֱļһȻƢԱ꣬Ըңëëֲ꣬ءǣȴԼֵܰ
ٴʬɽѪ֮УǼ粢վָ߳飬ܹ˵ģ
Ȼһ̻üЦĳеļһһ̣ȴѪģĵڱմѪˮ֮ϡ
ôˣΪʲô
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Ȼ䣬һĻ续һǰչ죬ޱһ͵ЦԼΡ
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һѪƣȻԶ˹Ƭ֮գֳΡ
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һˮĹ⻪ſΡ
ټĴͷ֮ϣվ˲ٵˡһʮ
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˷ݣͬҲϵĹŹ֮㶼࿴ݼۡ
ļװ壬νݴ˷ɴһ¥һ⡣
ҽ˵ţŶ롣Ҳ˽ȥ
ܴ󣬵ʱⷿڣȴʮ˻վڷģһѪӣһϣ㱨ʲôν֮󣬲δǴӵĻǰվһԡȻҲδ
Ǹϵ֮ǰЩ·ˡ
һԸϤż뱯ɫݵĶСݵʱһɵĿǴ˵ӡ
ˣЩ档
ϧرѾɡֻһ仰ȻемϤΪԷǱԼģֻˣȴû취жǲԼˡôпʦŵĳǰҲ÷ſԼʶֻ̽üͷŶԷıӰԽȴԽϤֻһʱȴ벻
ʱնԵЩĬ
ǴģһӡһϮۣӲʣʱüͷȴǽţγһ֡ȳȵü˼ȴնԵЩѹ֡
ûгȻʣȴҲÿڣֻõš
Ƭ֮󡭡
ȻһȻǰѪԨЭڲƻĻġ
һ͵
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684 ʦ
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ҵʦ𣬼١ʱϸ΢ȴݵԺڡŤͷһȴβδ˵ӣʱʹõġʶֶΡ
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ˬʵЦһʱݶ˼ֺøС
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Щˡ
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ݵ֮Ȼﵽǿߵĳ̶ȣ˷ƣδﵽʱ֮⡭


685 
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ҲΪڵһ͸ˡ
츳佣ڶԣֻҲλܹ֮˰ɣ
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üӵϵǿУҲϵľˡݾ֮ܽɱȻδԴݵĻԷ˵ġ
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һȺϢԭЦݶʱ΢һҲʱһࡣ֮⣬༸ķˣҲ㶼һĿݡ
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˵ͷһۺΪһЩ⣬귨Ȼƣ֮ȴǲʶ̽ⷶΧղ·ϣӵȷǲһǿϢԼĪǧࡣ
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Σ˶ʱȻѹݻͻȻԭԭ
ղ˺ʦֵĽ֮ӲЩϢȻһһҰԪסʦһֱԡޡƺǣʶӶһ飬ȴбҪ֪λ
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˵Ϲ壿ҲȻˣĶݡ֪ǲݵĴĸ֮佣೤ĺһȻͣ١
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ʦ֮ƷĬһ֮Ҳ΢΢˵ͷ˲ʵжϡ
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Ԫһ˵Ŀⶼٵüͷ΢壬ȴδԡǧ΢΢üͷƳԪһۣδĿ΢һ£Ԫ
ʦԲһ֮˵ͷǵӽжϹϢܣˣҲжϡ


686 
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Ϊ˶֪ݣĵӡ
ɫĿӹˣȻʦܣô
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ǧƳһۣȴĿڵҶߣҲиԵܡλ׳ԼܣλܴӦô
ǿĿⶼ΢΢һȷе̶ֳȣ˭ûһΪ֪ܣ׳ԼܣȻǲܴӦġ
ȴ΢΢üͷĮʦôȴǲӡ¹شʦҲϵжϲжĻĪ˵佣ڡ඼һңƾһӵһ֮ʣжϣʱӣ˭˳е
Ǿǿߡ֮УԼƷơΪߡ
ʶЩɵΪӣȴɵ˵Ҳֱӵĺܡ
ǧȴ·𲢲ɵĻȴЦһΪݾǰ׳ô֪ܲ˵ⷬ󣬺пܻᱩ¶ԼܣȻˡΪΣΪҲ֪ϹǳǶһѣʶ˵ˡʦȴΪҪҪԷ׳Լܣʦ֣֪Ǻεȵĺ
΢䣬üͷǧҡҡͷŵ佣ڽ꣬һֱڴ½ʲôǲ˲ּΪ洫ӣʦ·졣ˣ佣Ӳ棡ʶ佣ںĲ㣬ۣʦ֣Ҫ佣괫еּ
˵ţĿ⣬Ŀ
ٶһ䣬ȴüʦδ̫šҵҪ׳Լܣ˽ΪԼҲΪࣿͬ飬ͬԴܹŰأͨο׳Լܣ佣ٻһ컯Ҳǡģּһԣ
˵˴ҡҡͷͬʦ֮ԣҪݹ׳ܣҵжϡ˵꣬Ĭȥٶԡ
ǧһ֮ȴҲĬȥ˵
ڶ㶼Ĭ
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Էðȷո֪ԼҪ飬ҪԷԼܣȷЩ֣ġ
ҪݽԼӦϹϢܣٻһ컯佣ڵʵҲȫС
и˭Ҳö˵ʲô
ǿ
ϾݵʦյξߣһУǿô˵ɡ
üͷ΢Ŀ˸ĳš

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佣ƽϵʱݸ˵ȴ߳˼װ壬˴ͷеǵݵ
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һ棬ȻΪӾˣʲôʡϾϹ飬̫Ҫһ棬ʵҲ϶佣ڡ£׵˺Ƥ
˵졭ݻ治ôη塣
ȻԼġ֮⣬Ȼǿᵽ˼£ҲǾһе⣡ӵƷķԷ౦ټеĶ㴫󡭡Щֵĵġ
˵޼ңЩ˲ַʽвԼ
һ棬ΪǿߣǲмΪ֮һ桭Ҳвݡ
޼ʲôã˽ݳ׼ŭӳ׵Լ֮⡭ûκô
οиأ
Լʦ𰡡ǣʦԼ˶ǰ׳գֱӸһӦʵҲڵıԼ⡪ҷǳеͽܣҪ
ݵλԼʵ죬ֻҲġ

ͷʱǰˣݶЩءһ֮ͣ˲Ȼݡ
һ̧ͷˡж̺ŵһ˿ɫȻ֮ʱĿһٶӿһɲõԤС
Ȼ𣬸ռεʱ򣬶ԷһֹӣȻǴԼֱӵǷ䣬˵ҪԼȥһˡ
һʼΪ顭ƺ
ݵüͷ΢磬㡭
ʱû˵ǺͻȻڣȻԴɫȥһˡ
˵ֱ꣬תŴȥͷһһԱߵΣȥ
ֱӷһԾӴȥݽϡ
Ȼأָһʦ֣ʶ𣿡
һŤͷȥ
֮ȻѪֲһͷʬм䣬һԡѪˣʧǵʬ֮С
һȻƬ֮ݣȻò԰Ѫ壬ƵĲ飬ݡ
˶ݵӣȴͬʱȻ֪˵ʲô
ӰѾ˵ԡ
磿
һãȻĶС


687 ׷
껺̧ͷݵУȴȻһƬãȻ
·ûϳ
磬ҰСݰݵԽ԰˼֣Ŀӹܵʬ壬
ȻȻһãȻ
̫Ĵ̼
εݵ
ݵ֣ʱճȭͷŬȶԼȻȻճȭͷ˫ڻɱκǿʱйһ˿һ֣ȴȻ΢΢š
ĬȻһƣĲϣһֱӻ˹ȥݽסĽƽ˵ϡ
ݲ԰׵û˿ѪɫѪȥӦǾƣؿǺ˵˿ȻûϣȴѾֹסѪ
ҷʲô¡ƽЩ΢ĲȻĿƣȻ
ҵΪ̫͡ǵĵû˿ĲҲûǡ˵ЩȻھΣͬҲŲǷϣԲ𡣡
ݵͷӿֳҵʹݸһ֡û˵Ŀ⿴ܣҪѰҵĳˡ
ȻԶʧȥ˴ӣ˫ԲյУС
ݻһκ䶯䣬ȴѾеߡ
ʧȥұӣѪѾɣһ˫Բɵ۾ȴֱֱĿգһƬɫȻУȴȻܿһɲŭ
ǰɣҽУճ꣬Ӿͽһи磬ӽͷҲɡ
ɳϣͷѿˬЦϡݵĶϡȻ񡭡ɫѪҺ̣ЦˣȴѾʧȥ
Խʹ۵ݵָӾҵĲݲ԰ףͫ׽촽
Ϊ˾סһצ
Ȼݻţȴδ˵
ֻǾĶеݣ˫֮Уһ˿Ѫ죬ĸ֡
˿ųĬĽƽݣһΪݵݳĬıӰͷ΢
Сݡ
ỽһҪοȴֲ֪˵ʲô
Ϲ塭
ʱȴݵĿһδļӦ

һŭȻ䣬ʣʱΧǿߵע⣬ȵŤͷ
ԭĬĿеݣͻȻǿҵµѪɫ뵣һ֮£Ȼʧ
ζʱһ˲һҪסݡ
Ȼ𾪵ǡݵٶȣȻԶԶҪ
ŶݣȴѾʧУ
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ݱٶȣ˲Σ
ȻֻƬ̣ͷҲһһҧȻ
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䣬ΣȴѾʧ˺˵ǰ
һʣĪ˵ˣԶһǿߣ඼Ȼĵɴ۾
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һ˿ڶǿߵͷ

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Ƭ̧֮ͷü¶һ˿⡣
ݡ
Ӳʵ
ԪƤ΢΢һȴǴδ˵ʲô
ȴüͷһ壬ʦ֣²δ˸ʱ㿴ǵӣ⡣Ϲ¹شǳ˸඼һƬҡʱ򡭡
Ҹ𡣡վ¾ɡҵĵӲҡ
ٶüȴδٶ˵ʲô
ˣҲûʲô뷨Ե˵ͷûٶ˵ʲô
֪ͨѪԨ档³һĿҲЩϹ巢ǣȻȫ٣еѪԨԣҲӿٶˡ
Ļܳ£
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һ֣ɫâʱʧͬʱüٶȵɫ⻪â˲ƶһһң˳ȥ
գۼ䣬Ѿʧ
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ô£һǺˣݶʱһֻ̫жʱӿһɲá
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ݶʱһ䡣˲֮Ӵʶƿնȥɢ
ǿߵʶǿᵽʲô̶ȣ˵Բǧ﷽Բ㶼ǵʶΧ
ֻ˲䣬ǲ̽εΡʱѾɳʮ֮⣬Լٶȷš
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ʶУΣȻûݵΣ
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ѵǡܡš
׷ʲô£һ߲²⣬һ߿˺ˡ
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һѵ˵УݵˡϹץȡʮŮӵСһݵĽ㣡æص
ԭˡ˾㶼Ȼ
ͻȻ뵽֮ǰݾᵽı壬⸽û뵽
ϵеӷأȫǰ
˵֮ŤͷˣˣЩ࣬ͽˡ
΢΢һʱӦ֣صĵ˵ͷǣ

ݻѪɫ뵣ˣͬһѪơ
ݲ԰׶һ˫֮УȴǲѪɫ
Ժ֮УĲ״ԼЦò
СС
ޱƣ
һ˿ʹθꡣ
ޱĿҪ֮һλ봺̣ī൱
ˣΪںġλûиߵ֮֡
ȻޱˡδȥѰޱƵʬ塭Ϊʵҡ֪Լޱʧȥͷ­ʬ֮Ƿܱ֤ѹסԼķ
Ϲ壬ǿƥҪ𣬾ͱҪ֤侲ԷŭԷ񡭡Ҫ侲
򣬱˳˵»ðԼȥ
ٶȿ쵽˼ޣѪģϵǿᡣͬҲٶϵٶȣѾƷбӵеġ
ʱݺ޼ԼΪʲôҪͷԷٶȣܷɵĸ졣
ʲôҵΣ˷
Ժѯš֪Ϲǿ󣬸Ӧǿ취Ļأֻ»ûȱǷˡ
С·ҲݵɴĻش
û˿ĳɣ壬˲ݵͷ֮ϣɫâȫ֡
㽫ӡй¶˿ӦĻɫâ֮£κδݵʶʶŤ͸
Ȼݾôʧ˵ĸӦ֮С
Σ
Яűˣ侲ͬһǣȻա
֪ޱʵδֻǱȥ˶ѡ


688 ݵ
ˣȥʲôط
֮£Ѫһɫâеݣͣķš
һɣǴյʱ䡣ȻȴϹһ˿ϢҲûз֡
ãĻҰУޣֻʣʱࡣ
̲ס˳
ݻڷУЩϹϢѾȫʧ֪ǵȥ򡭡
ѪԨ
ݵĮػص
ѪԨ
ȻδŹ֣ɻ
йѪԨ֪Ҳʮֻ֪һĻضָ룬һ߷ӡޡѪԨƺĻΪһʱбʶǲ˲ٵǿǰ˵ػޣսһǰ֮ء
ݵȻԵú侲ʱ䣬ҷвٵǿ߳ʮɽھۼһֱʮֺ棬²Եɡռ佣һȺǿߣּˣҴܲ²⵽ˡ
һ佣ھĳôǿߡǴ󻪹ֻҲǲ˲ٵˡԭֻһˡ
ѪԨȻǳ˴¡
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չͳ죬ȻǳڱǵĿģ뿪ġû뵽
˵ݵּʹһ£ݸףȴӵı䡣
һĿⷺâȴȻƽЩϹ粻ƫƫؿڳֳ롭Ҷ϶ǶȻǰѪԨ
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ʱݵȻһŤͷ󷽡΢֮һϣȻ·ȥ
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Ŀ̫󡣡ݵĿȴһƬ壺Ϲǳ֮ǰӦ뿪֤Ϲ嵱ҪȻӵгǿߡҪȻͱ߱ĳʶ֪֮ǣױϹ巢֡
ݵĿⷺâƽ֮ǰϹ佣ڵ˿֮ǰ뿪֤ǲʮɽ֮ǿǲǣȻڵһʱⲢԸ
ңҲȥǳƤ
ݵ˼νġƤȻҲйܵ顣
ޱƵ˵һֻҪҵЩϹ壬ȻŻȷû˼ȥ佣ڵһЩ˹Ķǡ
֮ǰ˵ˣ佣ڲҪ׳ܡһ𣬱еⲻ˻չֳһЩˡ򳬹ʵĶͱ˵⡰

浽Ǹʱи˵졣
û˼ȥЩԣ֮£жȽϺá
ǡϹǿĿǰҵǣҲɣ
һ֮󣬵Щǵ˵˳
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֮ǰҾ˵ˣϹ壬粻ƫƫڹ۶ϳˡ˵ɺϣδҲ̫ɺ˰ɣ
һܹڼԶľ佣һǵĵ˵һϹΪԲ͡ǧڣΪǳռžԵơôΪʲôǿ뿪ˣΪ˵ϹпɱƢȫϡ
ݵĿ˸һƬ侲ǻۣҶ϶˴ѪԨı󣬶ȻϹӰӡǣȻмƻ
ԣɱǣһɵĽ֮ɱûСĿⷭһƬâôһƻǵļƻ

û׷𣿡
޴ĻУΡ
εҡҡͷٶ̫죬ڷʮ֮ͻȻʧҵʶӦСû׷ϡ
ҵ佣ڳǣ仰֮һжӹ˼顣
Σڡݣڡֹǧ
ȻһٶȵıԵУȴ׾ٵĳǰߣʧ˵ʶ֮С
ɲ˲ˡ
ж˼⡣
ӣνġܡֻ²ô򵥡
Ԫüͷһ£۾ӹܣ漴ָһĮվڼ󣬲Բ
ڴʱһâȻǽֱӳ˸
һ࣬һƽ¡ǽâʱġĿ΢֮ųƾѾյǵ鱨ҪټӿٶȡƺѪԨΣԽĲˡ
佣˵ݶ΢һ䣬Ĭͷ

ѪԨսȻݱĽš
Уϣص£޵ӰɫԪıţطͣĲĩվɫȻ磬ΪطĽ󣬵·ԲǧأһƬ谵֮Сըҽڶ
޴ӡⲨԪײγһƬ߲ĳ
Ļ֮ǰ߲ʹâһƬǿУԼԪĻǳʮľ޴ƣһĤԼ仺ٶȣšĻ棬ӴޣͷųֲĹͣײĻ޸еʮֻ
ļȻӹһɫâǽâٶȼ죬˲䣬ѪԨǰһߴɽͷ֮ϡ
ͦεĿӹ˽â֣֮סţǽâģĿ΢󿪿ڵ佣ԮѾʮɽ죬ִܵ
˵Ϲ֮¡Ǽ٣
ͦߵߣһͬ뷢԰ףŰ۵ߡԵ˵ͷȻƬ֮ȴվ̲סѯʡ
ֲصˣԵм١ƾЩأĿӹսϹѪԨδ̫ɺˡ
Ѿ֪̫ͨϻʡδһػ
̫ϻʣݶʱ΢΢һ䣬ȵǰ󻪹ʵۣζͳ죬
ƾ˵ͷ
˵Ѿǧǰǰˡôѵˣݱ˼̲֮סѯʡ


689 ֲצ
̫ϻһֱһڴ󻪹ܱߡƾҡҡͷ˵֮ǲ⣬תƻϢ
Ҳ֪Է͸¶йϢȴ£ȻҵѾϢˡؾ֮СҲʱδϢ
ƾԵ˵ͷĿ·Ҳ֪Щʲô
ȻʱһɿֲĲȻءƾߵݶʱһ䣬ͷȥֻǡĻѷ֮Уһֻ޴ޱȵצԵĻУ̽˳
ֻ顱һ죬յĶǿߣͬһʱ׻ۡģһѪ
צͳǧɣһֻɽʮѷ죡
ֲצźƵصǰ̽ǹĻʱٶѿ˸Ŀӡ
⣬ʲô
սϵ࣬㶼ǰһ䡣ǹһֱצӣͬɽһȻˣݾ䣡
ֲѹƵٿģ໹ޣ㶼ѹɨСţһҽ˷Ѫȣ˲
ֻһ˲䣬ԲʮﷶΧܵצĲǶȻǿ֮⣬Ȼûһڣ
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Уǿ߻ڼšݲ԰ףڱ֮жѪȻȻҧأصء
ǿֲצ·Ҫ˺ĻĿӣתץסĻƴ
ǿߵ߲㼯ĹĤֲצ֮£Ҳʱɢ٣ʱпܱ
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񱩵ķһȻ֮УǳǹϷһԵӰնҰ׳ĿĮԣһ
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ӵ˲䣬ɢʮ֮⣬ۿҪ˲ԶӪ
Ȼɫ䣬ʣǣ˵Уһ

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߿֮ϣһֳֹͭߣУǾ޴ĹĻǹͭУģ
䣡
һ죬Ļ𣡾޴ĳ˲ϯϣɸ߿֮ϡǰһƬҰ
𣡣
һŭʹڴʱ·͸ԶţĶС
һ˲ң߿Ѫ˵ϡûдﵽ쾳ֱ࣬ӱԴը
˶ͷԻʱǵһһٶɱ˱ҪôѵҾͲɱˣ
أ֮УǧɴϸɫǹӰ֣˲Ϣ֮󣬱˳ȥ
𣡣
һŭȻһΣȴȻԶһЩȻΪ΢ȻѪأǿߣȴֻݲ԰׵ҡһ£ͣ
֮䣬ָһƬ
һǰ޳֮Ϊһ̡
ݲ԰ף־Ŀűĳ⳾֮ľ£ȴһƬ
ڣǳĻʱƽ˿ǰһĻʱȻǺȻĵɴ۾
ѪԨƵǰأٱȥ˰ϣһƬ⻬һһЩʯҲȫ޴ȻĿֲצѾʧȡ֮ģĻ֮ѿһնڰơ
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ٶϵǿٶ˷˹Ļ֮ǰ
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ǿֲӴڣֻ˶ǵáһֲĴս
צĿֲҲһ̣Ŀͷǣ
ѪԨǰĸ߷֮ϣƾߣֶĿɨ·Ļǵ飬û֮ǰĿ뵭Įȡ֮ģȴء
ֻϣ佣ڵ˸ϽϵȱǣĻ޷޸飬ᷢ
ƾš

ÿֲѹ
ѪԨսһ̣֮ݣԭػȻ̧ͣͷԶӡ
ղһ˲䣬·һ㣬ֻѹͷ
ӦǾ켶ǿ߽
ݵԺ
ݶʱ΢΢һ䣬ĿأӣѾصһزˡ켶ǿߣҲʼս𣿡
ֻ΢ֱȴˣǿߵĽ֣Բ˵ˡ·ּս˵
ͷһǰǸǿߣ
΢΢εҲ֪
̾һҲûٶʡ
ȱ֪ġƺ֮⣬󲿷ֵļ䶼ˡӣĲлֻ꣬Ƿָһô򵥡
ʱҲûѯʲôμǰȥѰϹϢ

䣬һǸӦǿֲѹˣѾȥ졣
ʱ䣬ݲ߲ݣǰǧ
ٶȣ൱ֲġ
Ҫ֪Ⲣ˲䱬ٶȣǳٶȡ
󲿷ǿ˲䱬ٶȿֲ¡ȻٶȣȴҪ仺㣬ٶȴﵽÿʮϵģǾ˾ġеƷбҲٶˡ
⣬ȴеٶȡ
ǾƷܷвȴҲﲻٶȡƷ߲ʻҲҪһ
Ҫ˵졭ҲǷݿ졣
ȻٶҪݿĶ࣡Ĺܵĵطʹ÷ĻֻҪһʱִܵˡ
Ƿٶȣ
ϧȫòˡݿѾ׷Ϲ塭


690 ƽ
ݵʶ̽ȥһԺС
첻߲ݵ׷ȻûҵϹӰӡݲ٣ͷȻ侲ʡ
׼֪Ϲ岢ôҵʶͷȻʲô
ʶڣϢѾԽĶ
һߵϢĸݵԺСһ㣬ѾһǰȻ޵ϢǸ࣬вûʲôǿϢҲǶƷƷҡࡣ
ﷶΧھôޣսȻⲻˡʱʱ̣̿սѪ
ӣѪԨлҪѾмޣǳĻѾ͸ˡ
ţȻδͣǰš
֪ѪԨľλãҲ֪ѪԨжԶ·ȺȴǸָ·ߡżǰȻִܵѪԨͬҲҵȺϹ塣
ʵϣ·ȺҲͬʱʱǿ߱ݳԽݲ֦ʶԶԶģƵСЩܷеǿߣûз
г
ȥ
ˣǰ󷨡
Ұ֮ϣȻ˵
󷨣ʶɨ
δκɻ䣬ٶȿڣԻӵʶ
Ŀɽ˵ͷȥ
ৡһٶֿ֡
缱糸㣬ַɳ˽ҡ
ˣˣͬʱΣ綤һ㶤˿С
ȥܴ濴档
ԣɣһϣ䵽ɽҰ֮䡣
ǸߴɽĴ֣Уȫľڱסʶɨӣȴ޷κζۣȻҲԲŷжϡ
ôи󷨣ǿߣӦöѾǰѪԨ𣿡
ۿ󷨣ʶҲ޷̽˵ǣỳɡ
ֻΪĿǰģ󷨷棬ǿߣû֮һ
Ȼ˵УǾͰٷ֮ˡ
ԣ΢΢üЩɻ
᲻ȺϹ岼µ󷨣֮󣬺Ȼڡ
ʱһ𣬡ϹҲ᲼ô
ȻԴԶ׷֪ǰʵϣ껹Ϲȷ󷨣űѧȥġ˵Ϲ壬Щд£Ҳ󷨡
϶Ļش΢Щ⡣֮󣬿ڵа취ȥ𣿡
ǲϹ岼µ󷨣ȥһۣҲ֪ˡ
Ƿܶãıƿ󷨡ϧڷòˡңҲǿƳˡ֮󣬿˵ˣֻܿƽˡ
Ŷƽ⣿ͷһֱѯʡ
һַΪƽֻרƳ󷨵ġƽֶҪʹ߱ӵмΪ֪ʶܷǿԣұ˵֪ʶۻһʱ䣬ٴ˵ġ¼Ȩұͽƽֶδڸɡ˵
ƽ
ţƽƽʵϱһַͬǣһԵҪһ֧֣ȻƽֶΣȴֱܹƾ󷨣Ȼһƿ
ƾ󣿡ݴһ
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˵䣬ǵĿ⣬ҲʱʱĳŲԶһɽ嶥ͶȥĿ⡭Լ䣬ԿӰվϷ

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˿룬һССĹţԼģݵǰ


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ףͨƣ֮ϣܼĸһнɫ·ۼסһԽɫϡ·Ϊ̣֫¡ֳȻӵмΪǿԼԲٶȡ˲ɫָ׷ŰɫĹâ·ӵиһķ
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ǿߴԪвħ֣ĿܣȻЩ壬ȴֻҪʱ䣬ȴѪ֮ӵбкõĸǿȻзգȴǿĵ·Ҫƽ̹Ķ࡭̾Ϣ
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츳깥طôüͷȴǻȻѹ佣һǿڸӦ֮ǰȴǱвˡԭ츳
뵽ҲЩΡ
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Ѫеڵϸÿһϸڶ̺дѪݴﵽ˵㣬ֻҪԴѣ϶ͨѪָʶıòݶԸ㲻ʲô
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ȻǿߵĿ⣬ȴͶСҪЩ̽һЩǣʲô⣡
̫Ҳ֪ܲܳܵסҵʶаš
ΣҲҪԡݵĿ⣬һֻϣУΪɲһƽɫһƵµ֮ӿϡ
ž
һ΢ǽɫ⻪һϱǱ
ϸ΢һ˿֮ҲϿԳܵģ
üͷ΢šһһ˿ϸ֮ٶӿ

ʱţݲͣĳšһʼһ˿һ˿ʮ֮һٷ֮һǧ֮һ
Ȼϻֻ̫Ҫ΢е֮ӿԽ
ݲҲȻֻҪеġܲٿأ
ڣҩʦ֮ƿأѾﵽһַ˼ľءͣ
ڣһһ˿İ֮һ֮ʱǷϣٱǻһ
ˣݵĿ⣬ʱһ
ֻ˵ķϣҡһССԴ˳򡭡
ʱߣѾ˲ٵķϡȻٶ࣬ݿҲССһѺɫˡ
΢΢һЦĿٶȿԱߵķϡ
Ƭ֮ʮֻϣҡҡλε𶯳򣬷ȻݵĿ֮Уĳɽȥ

ڷϵпеһУޱȵĸߴݱϥĲݴԣڷϿȴǸ߲֮ʣ
еһУ޵ıŴ󡭡ݵĽǶȴǶ˼桭
ȷǺطݣ͸һƬǳԹġƪ
ֻҪ֮ǿԷﵽһΣִͨ塣̣ͬ򻯰Ķһ㡣ֻҪ㶼ԡ˵ԡ
ֶΣǲЩԼʶķϣɽСȻܹջ
Ϊ˷ֹһٿʮֻϣһͬǰȥ
йڣݵɷֳǧٿʮֻ϶ԣʲô
ֻЩϣԼٶȣ˳ȥ
ȻٶȣֻԶԣԱ˵ȴԵ÷ǳˡݲδż
ݱѰһ֮ȻһĲ

һ·ȥӴϢšݲٿصʮֻϴܼȺдȴûκһ޿ϡǡһۡ
Ϣģ޷Ȼ󣬳ɽ֮ǰ
ˣˣ
ڷɵǰʱ򣬷ȻݱһƬ̺Ŀֱӳſпȥ
͸ܼڣһ磬СȻֱ
ࣿ
Ǿ֮ݵĿ⣬ʱ΢΢
ǣȻһࡣ
һ࣡
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üͷ

أֱӲ˾޴Ŀﶴ֮С
ݼˣ
Уֱӹڵء
֮У֮⣬ʮڴˡ
Ĵں˵࣬µģŹڵص껡ޱǺȴ·޷˵ǳŭǶ״
Ȼ֮ʱ˶ǴһȻǣҲڵصˣ࣡
෽棬ʲôϢر˿һֱۣӿѯʡ
ϣȻ׼֮󡯣Ԥʱ䣬ճʱ༫ΪСģ֮Ҫľʮǿߣ֯˰ּڵĴСʮСķѪԨǾʮ֯ǲ֮󡯵İǿ֮⣬нİǿߡռ֮ģּңκңңһţ׽šǿߣѾ򡣼󻪹ܱߵǿߣ۵˴˵ء


695 ޱ
Ŷ˵ɫʱЦǹȻǵȲ˰
ڵص껲ԣֻǰĹš
֮󣬿ǣ۷ǿߡǣǿԶԶǡȻǼǧȻô죿ȳȴ͸¶˿񱩵ĳԨߣĿ͸¶һ˿صѯʡ
ģһȺСˣٶʲôأȴǻ˻֣⡣漴ڵص껣ɫ֮з̺һ˿ЦݣЦңһΪ׼һݡءڴǿ֮󣬻ʲôӦ
˵䣬ԱĶ
ʱǶδͬҲûٿ껣ůЦݣޱ΢Цƺڵ˵ʲôޱݱŲļҲδתһ£ֻû˵ʲôȴǵĸ죬еŭʵʣֻѾ
ȴȻԵõĻܣżĶҲǴаЦݡ˭Ҳ֪ʲô
ʲô񣿡ԨҲǴʲôüѯʡ
һЦҲش𣬿껵ҹ
ǣ껺ɣڵףֱǺ˵Ľ£ȴȻڵأδ̧ͷ
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ˣȥɡסŻڴﶪ롮֮ǰҪ¶Ŷ΢΢Ц
ǡ
ٶȹ񣬶⣬һ˳ȥ
ӣʲôԨߵȵ뿪֮ѯʡ
Ǻǡ񡣸Ĵ񡣡˹һЦԨ΢΢һüͷ׼ʣǺȴѾվЦˣλҲһ׼ɡȴôʱˣգǱȥһЩǿ߰ɣ
һ˵Χһ֮󣬾㶼˵ͷ
һطϹŵĴ٣
˹Ц

еɢˡȻҪȥ׼մһָӾֱҪȴôʱ䣬Ҫʼˡ
ЩжЩûסֻΪȻǿߣʵЩҪ֪һδƷ׵ޣҲˡʵ̫
Ȼصĺ˵Ϊ׼ʲô
ǽɫ忴ȥͨҲ֪ʲôЧܷеùֱࣿԼⷽƣ
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Ĵ뿪֮ٶȻصռݵɽ֮ϡޱҲȻ桭
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㽫Ҳô
ģǴаЦݣһ꣬Цڡ
Ȼ΢΢һЦޱЦºͣýλ˶أ
ޣ㲻úֻͷһɣʱƿڴŭ벻
Ǻǣ˶ӿйõġ΢΢һֻƿڴȴ˿Ϊ⡣
ɱҰĺţ۾Ѫɫ
һ뵽Уо;ҵʹʹģꡣ˷
ԣЩ壬Խʹޡ
ôƯ˶ɱ˶ϧ΢΢Цţһ죬֪ҵĺõġ
ţ޷ֻܴУ˻ߡߵޱƣȴһֱֵĺ侲ֻԱŶԣ
ƺҪޱƵޱĲ˿֮£ͣ˿Уȴ˻ϵı飬ƾ̾ͣҲʧ˵
ޱƵĶǣֱġƢԣǲ¡ԣޱȻһֱһ仰˵һֱûбֳʲôŭ֮ȴû

ˣϢһ°ɡ
̾һ¶͵Ц˵ԱߵƳһۣЦҡҡͷ˱뿪
Ŀ뿪ޱƵбڻˣȡ֮ģȴȻ
㣬˵ɡ
ޱߵߣᰲš뿪ǵ壬Ҳָɡ
ƣˡأΪ˾İңҡء
ڿ˳˽ޱƵĻСˮ涡
ޱƵҲӹһ˿ʹĸ㷢ԣǲҪǿĽ˴ŭʲôȥбأ
йеѾ˵飬û˵һΣһΡĻޱҲ˵飬ÿһΣȴЧ΢
뵽ޱƵҲ¶ĳޡǳ֮һ漴
ƽ㡭ƽ㡭
ļȻһϸ΢ޱƵԺСԭȻеޱƻһ͵̧ͷĹˡ
㣬𣿡ޱѯʡ
е涵̧ͷȴĿãȻ
ǻþޱտЦһҡҡͷ
ôܡСݣŻ佣
ƽ㣬ƽ㣡
Ȼ뷨δأϤٶЦĸԺСһʱСݣ
ҲʱһãȻĿܡ
ʲôҲû
ƣ㡭׼ʡޱȴһָĿѲӣȴʲôҲûз֡
ƽ㣬㲻˵Ժ룬ϸ΢ٶ
Сݣǣ𣿡ޱƹ˲þ棬ֻǻţš
ҡƽ㡭ˣһǣһᣡ
ٶ
㣬Ⱥģޱ΢΢漴ȴæ֡
ģҲԣҪټһ졣ڼ䲻Ҫŭ塣һǣٶ
㣬Ķ
ھǲʮĵطȺ̫ҹȥҲȲҪ֡죬ҪǰѪԨʦųǿߣȫǵļƻѾϤᡭʱѾὫȳˣ˵ˣڵ֮࣬ѾĴסҵĻҪŭǣ죬һǳ


696 Ҫȣ
СݣСݣ
ޱæкšǣȴû
ޱһȴȻ֣Լ·֮ϣһֻϣѾӲķ
ƣơôˣޱƴ˰죬ĿһֻѾȥķϣɻĿڡ
֮ޱƳһ¶ЦݡһʱޱߵСˣǡ
Сݣޣݣɴ۾ȴãȻ
ˣΪʲôû
ޱȡϵķϣӣãЦˡ

ʮ⡣
ݵĿĶԶ塣ĿžϲͬģҲűߣ
ȭͷšţãɿȭͷһ˫˸ţâһ֮󣬺Ȼһһ򣬷Ǳȥ

ˣȥŵô
ƶݶڶޣֱӳԶƶͷϢȴѯʡ

ȻݵĻشȴ÷һѯʣղš
ֻǰסƽġݵһƬ侲ʶĸֳ޵٣жܣֱ˵ҪȥȻġ
΢΢һ¡
ֱӸ߱ƽ㣬ϾҪȥȻĲѡʱһ巢ʲô⣬ȴǲáݵһƬ侲˵
ȷޱƶݵĹػǵ֪ҪðվȻҲԱ򶨡Ĵ΢ޱƵ쳣¾Ҫɹˡ
ԣݸޱƣǼһ죬ҪŭЩ壬ȥ֪ͨʦųʵϣȴס
ǣܵһ죿
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ݸղſǿˣһȺ嵱УвŮӵģЩŮӣֻ
ǲ֪ޱƻţݻпܻʱ뿪ţ˼顭֪ޱƻţħ֮Уܵȣ
ԣֻоȣ
ǣô죿
Щ˵
ȺޣĿӴҲˣǿ߸Ǽ࣡һԽѹƵģȻֻҲһ
Ʒޣǰģ
ԣɻ

Ȼݽֻ˵ôһ仰ǲٶԡһ˫͸¶侲
ݵн˼㣬Ȼ̬ȴȻ㹻侲֮䣬ҵʵڱ֮ûκһͷ޷ǵģϷɵġ
ķ˰ʱݣ󷨵ıԵ
ҿ˿ھ󷨱Եһյأһûзʲôˣֱһţ̤һӶһ漴
Ȼתٶȳʱ֮ȥ
ǰʱ֮صԭءһΣδͣ͸¶֮ɫһĹʱ΢΢һЩȻķȥ

˴ҰĲľࡣȻٽɽţȻǼΪïܡ
һͷߴʮɵľޣïܵĻĲ֮Ų͵Ĵű죬ճĿˮɺľ޿֮ڵأһɶ
ͷͣķżܿһϢ֮ʱ̧ͷĹˣʱǰⲽɺײУ·˶ȵĸо
ѹ޴ǵϴݣҲҧزҳȻͷޣҲƷϣ
Ǳ֣ȻҪ塣
ݣʱǣʮɣ϶ԷӴǱС
ĲԽŨܣСĵǰĹԽԽݹΪ֮
ȻǾǷ·ǲʲô͵ҪŤͷζʱһ붼û룬ȻһӶ
Ťͷʱ˱ѹſȥһĲݵأȻȴδκ
ɻҿ˿̣ȴδʲôԾ
ִһ죬
ʮɾ֮ݣǲٹעһĿٶȿǰ
ǰ棬иܼ壬

ʱȻţܿģɫȥ
ݿ˿ɫ̧ͷ˿ĶԼܼ塣
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ݽҧҧ¶һ˿
ѾɽİɽӲɽĵطŪһСǰӲݽȫڵסĿΧޡֻҪκһ̰ķݻһ£ܷ
ǣѾûлͷأɹʣ
뵽һ󣬱۾

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ţһΣ̼䣬ǳĶ֮⣬Զȥ
һ֮ȴʱһ࣬أǡ
ط򣬷һ˿ɫâڼԶĵط˸
ʲô£
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ԭֵ壬Ҳ˲ͣһ˫˫ɺ׹â˸ĵطȥ
ģĴģĶڶ֮СҲڵһʱⷨ򲨶һ֮󣬶ǲɵķ߳˶󣬳׹â˸ĵطȥ
ţ㿡ϣ¶һ˿ɫǡ
ռ֮һ˫ɺдŽɫӣҲ¶˼⡣˳
ɫâֻ˸˶̶Ƭ֮أȻڰǼԶ֮һƬɫ뵣ۼ𡣽ţһװԶԶɫĹâ˸䣬һ˿ֲѹ˲䣬ϯ󷨵е


697 ׽ٴĻ
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Щǿߣôˣ
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ʱ֮еޣҲȻĶ˾಻ĵ򡭡
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˵񣬶ʱ䣡һݵӵУ͸¶ģǴ뵭ǡţ
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ѪԨǧӵԻ󣬹ʶ±ǿ߲
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˵һʱ䷴Ӧ˹һ״ʱ
޴һ˲䣬ϯĶĤʶֻ֮ͣѾǰĿС
ڣϴ뿪˵أ򣬵ȵִǵļƻʱҪˣ˵żּ١
ȻǰĳԨߣȴüͷ˵ʲô׽٣ĺпǵؽϵıҪˡ뿪˵ţȴЦһȻǲԸӡ
˴ʱҲļˣֱŭ⣺ôĶڵһʱʱϹ˲ҪǣôõļƻϾҪ˿ƣʱ򹦿һͨ޷򿪣㸺𣿣
Ԩüͷʱһ壬ʲô˭𣿴򲻿ʹ򲻿Ժǻᡣ»ٱʱҲǡؽױɲ׵õɢ
˵󣬳ԨҲЩżԶѾм׽ٷȥˣִҲҳɣһΣֱƹ˺ˣƿնȥ
㣡˶ʱȻŭҪ쭡ȻʱԭµЩһԨѾ˹ȥҲܲˣƿնȥ
˵ֶѾֲ̧ģʹȻһ棬ȴ֪ԼƲסˡ
ؽױջȫ塣
쵰ɫ֮Уŭ֮ɫһҧȴ׷ȥ
ϣܸϵļ

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Щ͵Ҳ
׼׼ǣ
ˣ˰ɣٺ٣Щ͵Ȼ͵ȣȴǺǿǣѪ϶ܽһ
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ǵĻҲ¶аЦݣȥ˵ɡ
˵ţڿշ
ţ㲻ȥŤͷꡣ
ЦЦ˶֮С
ڣޱ̽׶Щͻ볳֡ţȴͻȻ˽ʱһݶʱ
λˣǱƺǷһЩȤĶȹȥǿҪԹԵģҪŶ
΢΢һЦȻһ֣һѪɫĻ˶ſڡȻһЦλζֱӳӵķȥ
ӿַ˻ֿ˿ҡͷһЦ߰ɡ
һЦֱӷ˳ȥ
ɽһ࣬һȺѾͬʬĳŮӣԭأǰһͷƵĿշԶ˵Ⱥľ޴塭


698 
׽ٷ£вɫ׽٣Ѿ׽١
׽ǺǵģǵضУ·Ҫ·һжԻ
ɻҿ񱩵̼󷨵еޣǷһ۾״ıšһ׽ϣһĶǵĲҽϣǴһƵζ
ѷ߳Ļ̧ͷĹһ֮󣬵ͷӽһӶУȡһ
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Ŀƶ㴫ʯһ飬ֻʣ顣ݱһ飬顣ĿģΪӦΣͷҪսȻֲ÷Σա
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ġѪѾﵽ˵㣬ǡܷˡ
һԴͣӿڻٷԡͷһǿϡٵɫʱƬ֮һȵµɫ磬˻ġ
ֻһĳ֣µĴʱһſſήȼʱһƬ𺣣ӡ¶ȣߵ˼£
ƵĴ̱ζռ䡣
ȴ붼룬ֱתѪԨȥ
Ի֮󣬴Ҫ󣬵浽ȥȴǲء

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ΪʶҲ·ʲôһ㡭ӣȷǿӡ
ףƶˣ
ͻȻи
ţȻԼٶƶ
ѪԨ򣡱Ҫ֮ǰץס
Ԩߵһʱ䷴Ӧݴ֮
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һ㶼ǿٶȡ
巽棬һҲǼٵķǵ
ӲͨҵʶҲȫա˵ˡӵͫ΢΢ŤͷǼӿٶȰɡ
áߵ΢΢һЦ˵ٶȻֻ˲䣬Ѿʮ

ף׽ƺƶ
ߣ˲䱬ٶȣǿɲһġ׽ٷĵһݶڡ
ʶһֱע׽١ƶ˲䣬ǲˡ
ûߵļҲǲˡȻƬ֮ɫͬʱһϲߣ
׽ƶˣǱﳯѪԨˣ壡
Աߴغ
ٶȣ˼֡

Ŀ޷Զ֮ݱһ¶ʱֱӳϷӶȥ
ˣһͷٵغ
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໥֮дѶϢķһҪ˲佫ɱԺмٵ˵
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ҲҪһ˲佫֮ɱΪʱ䲻ࡣ
ҪסЩ壬ϾǣƲ˶೤ʱ䡣ԣҪսپ٣ʱҪޱЩߣ
񣬾Ϳ⡶Ѫжǿɡ
ݵĿţٶȼ죬

һʯ֮ϵĪףƵצԼͷԶߵͬ壬ͷŭĺܡ
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Ī׿һۣƲƲǣ;޴죬˲ѿø
Ȼôһ˲䣬ļȻ֮䣬һļµϢͷݶʱһ䣬͵ŤͷʶҪ
ȻһѪɫӰȴԼٶȻ˳·Ѿ뵽ԷҪȥһ㣬һȭֱӳԴ
ǿҵȭ磬Ϣ׺ݣĪ׵ͷһ˲һ˿˵ʹУ
Դһת׼Ҫ֪ͨȺˡ
ڴʱһ˿⣬ȴǺȻӿԺСһ֮δعǽâȻ˲ռԺһɼʹ
ǣĪʲôĶз·һϰĴ졣ţʶ˺ڰ֮С
ˡ
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ҲȻ
ȷ͵ϮԷϿУԼҪɱЩѡ
ϾѪǽսߵ·ȻԶֶ̹ΣȴԶԶսˣԶԷǿȣԼʩչĹҲδܹķ
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Щ壬ޣȻǿƥٶ֮죬ԶԼٶȿšƣò˶ãݾҪ¶ǰ

۾˸ݣƬ֮󣬺ȻĿһ·޴ޱȵľ
޷ʶһҲֻһʱǵĶĿˡһЩˡ
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ֻðһɿƵɫ棬¡޴ľֻǹȥһ˲䣬ᵯָһĨɫ磬Ʈ˳ȥȻܴȻȼգ
һ󾪿ֵĲҽ¡ͣɫ׵ĺը֮£ԲʮﷶΧ֮ڵޣԶǱƤΪ΢һЩģֱӱ˽ң
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ֻһԼٶӿ˲䣬γһƬ𺣣¶Ȼθߣ߿֮Уÿռ䶼γһ˿Ť
Ƴ죬֮⣬ܿǳĻ⣡

ٶȱˡ𺣣λã
ԣǰʲôȥѾͨ飡
ֻеؽϱŻͨ飡ģȻǵؽױﰡ
ڻ֮ڶ㶼˳·ڻ𺣵ʱһ۾붼룬ֱӳ˽ȥ
Ѿ׽ٵķΧ
׽٣
ǣһ׾£û˼ٷеĳԨߡһ䣬æ赲ӿ
һ֮󣬳ԨߵҲҡһ£еȥҲ΢΢һ衣ֱȻûʲôƣȴȻоһԡݶʱһ䡣
׽ٴԽԽǿѾˡٵһҪֱռˣУ㣡ⱦȻҲǻԵģܵõΪʱҪһأȾָ
Ԩݱãգһִ֮ɫ̰
ݵһٶȸ졣

ڳԨߵ׷ʱ򣬺˵ɫȴǼ˵ѿĿ˸ݵĿԶҧгݣͻȻֵıѾȫܲˡǿԺܿܵĶȴǽƻĺܣ֪ʶ޷ȼճһƬҪ޷ֻ¡
뵽󣬺˵ҡ·ԥʲô
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һֻ͵һ֣Ӳǽ˳ȥ֮УһƬŭ
ٵһȡϣļ
ʱδʶҲץסǡءؽϱ֮ǰԻ󡭡ʱҲһЩת
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һȺֳ࣬ĸݶӣǰš

ߵݣݱҲڽĿ󷨡
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ݵԺݺɣϼ㣬һ·̼ǸǰС

죬²ͣһָѪɫĻ֮ϡһһ򣬱жϡѪɫĻѾԽԽ
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ƽֶΣǧӡÿһӡӦһƽӵƳ󷨵ܡ
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һ֣ѪɫĻԽԽ
ڣٶӡһһǧٶʮӡʱ򣬹Ļһ͸ݣʱͿѪɫĻ·ҪÿĻޱ
Ůһļ꣬ŬҪƿѪɫĻȻûʲôЧļȻ֮䣬Ļ͸ݵʱ򣬶ŮȻһ˲סˣɵɵĿݡһ䵭ޱƣʱЩɵɵӡȥǿɰ
ȻڶݵĴ֮󣬶ŮϲæСеӡϧĻĸЧȷãݸںʲôֻǴӿܿǺȻѯΪʲô
ݹ˲ֻҲһȲ˵ƿ󷨣
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ôҪôģ黹ЩɻȻֵˣղ˵Сݻǡô֪ģ
һѾȳȥ˵ɡ˺һЩСݡ˵ţЩĿݣһֳȥ·Ҫѷӡ
Ȼλãǲܰѵʲôġֻһοˡ
ʱ䣬Ȼš
ⲻ֪˭µ󷨣൱ӵġϰٸ䣬һ֮ѾܹޱԭŨĹĻֻʣ±һ㡭
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СݣŮҲͬʱ϶ʱ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ٵһϾͺã
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ޱƣŮ̸ʱԭѾ׽׷ϻ꣬ȴڼͬһʱ䣬һ͵ڿͣٶ£Ťͷȥģϵı飬˲䣬ʱã
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ôˣӵһʱ䷢ı仯һҲͣѯʵ
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С󡭡Ȼȥһ¡
˵仰Ȼת˳ȥ
ҪҰæ𣿡
ӵԺ
ء
Ӧһ֮ٶȻӿ죡
ȻʱҪϼ֣


700 
ĿȻ꣬üͷ΢ȻƬ֮ҡҡͷתٶ
Ҳ֪ʲôȻͨ飬ûˮ㣿ӵĿ⿴·ʵЩ⡣
ȼգȼյľ졣еĹ·ԵһƬǽ塣
·ıԵʮֽƻƺֶüԶĵطȼټ˵ʶֻҪ̽ȥ·һ㡭Ҳ֪׽ɵģǱɵġûܹס
׽ѾֹͣǵĿǰΪֹû˷Ǳʲôطֳʲôӡ
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һüˣǶ׽档׽٣ȷʵס
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ں뿪ʱ򣬳ԨߵһȻûвǿȻڲͣѰš

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Ϊ棬û𣿣Ϸͽ˵Ϊƽأ㻹ܶ㵽ʲôط
Ԩ߷ŭһ󣬿ֲԪ˳һ˫֣һɫâȻ֡

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ӿٶȣնɱ壡
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㲻˵ղǵ𣿣˵ô࣬һʲô£ҡޱڶݵľϲ֮ȴ̲ס齹дŭ⡣
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ˡ
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ٶȼ졣
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ȻУԲﷶΧѾϯһУ˳
ڳԨ߷ʱ֮в֮Уռ䷨ҲһѷȻ֣һ˳
ϣż־֮ɫ
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뵽ǵأһĺɫϯĳݣҲɾһ亹
ҺܵĿ죬ҪȻǱˣǲ롭
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뵽ݲ뵽ǸŹֵĺͷ
˵⼸꣬Ѿټĳʶˡ
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Уһɫٶȴ޷˼ݷһ˿һ

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ôѵҪ׽ٵıԼʧģӿռ䴫ڣ
ôܽܣ
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701 
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ڳԨ߷֮ڣҲӦһļµϢԶӿ˹
֮֮࣬ǿǳԨߣҲ䣡
ʵϣݾ䡣ͻȻǺ˵Ļˡ
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һ䣬Ҳ
ʲôԨ࣬һǿ
Ԩߣһ֮УȴǺ֮⣬ǿһ
̫ǿҪ֮Ӳƴߣ
˵תǷ롣
״ҲϽ˳ȥ
ʱǲŷ֡һȺ壬Ƿ֮ǰѾԶԶ뿪ˡ񣬼ʧǵҰС
Ԩƿڴ迿ס
ҲѿЩ԰סǣȻ˵ġ


ԷɳԶĺˣҲŭĴšʶ̽УѾԽԽࡣЩٶȼ죬Ȼʹ˱Ⱥٶȣʱͻᱻ׷ϡ
һ񣡹һңν
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뵽һüģĿнâһȻɳѪԨٷӶȥٶ֮죬
ϣܳɹɡ
뵽ȴҲѾû취ֻͷô˵סԼҪ

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ڣӦ죬ʱɽǵķ˹ȥ
˵زȫøϽ뿪ǡЩ޻¾鷳ˡ
ţ³һ˿ͣɽԵзȥ

죬죬죡
ľӹһٵʱ򣬳ԨߵһҲûķšٶȣ֮ǰҪࡣ
ѪԨһξģǰҲӦطࡣ
κΣʧ˵ġȴŪһƬ𺣣һ׽ԲأѰǱķǼʱ䡣ǣǿߣϵ˵ľ档


702 һ
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˵Ƿʲô飿ЩǣΪͻȻ뿪ˣ
ģǷ˺ܴ鰡
˺桭ϧǸǵٶȡ
ǰ
ڣ඼ڲ²š
Щǿ뿪̫ͻأ֪ԵɵǣȻⲻҪúһˡ
ǰߣսȻڳš뱬ըȻǲڶ
֣˵׻ЩʲôЩǿȫ˲ܲˣ
սϣС
һǿһ̤һ⻪֮£·һȺ޲ȳࡣȻŤͷǿ߸ȥķһۣ¶ŨŨĺ棬̲סԱһ̸
ѯʵģһģӡòãУϢǿһ֪ҲΪ֮
껡
ԣüͷ΢壬ӹһ˿â鵭Įҡҡͷ֪
ǿ΢΢漴ƺҲϰ껵ĮƲƲ죬̾ϢҪٶȲ죬ǡҲҪȥ
һӦģΪҲϡٶȼ죬Ȼ˳ȥ
Ȼǿߣ͸ǵٶȡȥƬ֮󣬱Ѿȫ֪ȥһֲܲ˵ļǰҲвȴ֪˻
ôǿͬʱɹȥʲôıҲȫֲǵġ
˵֮ȴҡҡͷδԡ
ڴʱһɫâȻԼٶȣǰһ껶ʱӦüһ壬æ֣֮¡
ɫâģ껵üͷʱ΢΢˸
˭˺ѯʡ
Ƭ֮껵Ŀٶӹһ˿âȴʮԡ
гȻ鲻ĻشһתΣϢһ˵ֱ꣬ӳڷȥ
㶣漴ʼҲΪ⣬ս
·糱һޣȻٲĴѪԨӿսԶûнʱ
е껣â΢һŽɫ򡣶Ŀ⳯ңԶģǿѪԨѷ촦ȥһ˿Ĺâ˸һϣŵ棬ȥ

Ԩԭ㣡
ǧ⣬һڷӴšʶӦ֮Уǿ߾ǣвľ롣
ȻʱһĮȴһ㣬Ȼը죬ڶĶСݶٱ䣡
ǳԨߣ͵ŤͷĿ磬ȥ
ƾ
ңԶһΣǹɫâӿȻһһĨɫԨߣݴ䣬ʱ˭ˡ
Ƕͳ죬ƾ
Ǳ
ƾҲԣֱӱǿ˵ԵҪƲâһ㣬˲ҲĿ
ᵽǱʱóԨݶʱѿŭ֮غʲôӸӶûƼ
ҽƱ磿ȻƾȴɫâӿƿտȻԵֻһڴˣ±Ϸ򻹿һ򡭡ĪϷ֡
ûԨѵûв֮һռ䷨򲨶ҵǶһ˲䣬ʹǴ뿪ˣģģûƼ
Խ˵ԨؿԽǱһ뵽ǱԼǰ뿪һŭϷ
Ȼ㲻ԸϣϷҲֻ¶ȣȻˡ
ƾĻ֮ǿһЩһɫǹӰʱնɣһɰԵļҪƿصǴ˳ȥ
Ӿ֪඼α֮ΪԨһģʱŭҪ־Ͷ֣αôĽڣ㵱𣿣
˵䣬ҲӿɫԪֲͬ
⹷յƾŹǵģסһǷͷ
Ԩ߿ٵͬԱߵ˵
ڶ㶼߰ƷΪƾĶ֣һ飬һ䣬ȴòҧӦ
ҲףȻƾ׷ˣǾѾûб·ˡ
ҪȻӲӲȻƾɱҪȻͷƾҲͬʱ׷ˣӼǼ
ʱҪͳĻͲˡΪ͵ݲ԰ѪţǾ֮ɫ
ƨѾˣ˵ЩиƨãѾһƬϾԨҲڱ¶ķɫ仰ǳ·ȥġ
ȫҪȻҲҪֱˣ
ֻ¶ŨĺɫâֲɫĺͷǱǺɫâöȥƷǷ
Ҳ״ʱѾƴĹͷҲ˿ҳɡһȫĶǿԪһɹɿֲǴǵ
ɫǹӰԽԽһӴܣһߵȴ
ڡ
ȥ
źƵϢӿ˹ɫǹӰͬһɫȻ

ˣдȺˣ
󷽣ƾԨ߶Իʱ֮еݣҲɵɽǰĴ֮СȻȻ͵һ٣æһþ޴ľ֮£ϵĹâٶ˼֣Ȼ̧ͷֻƬ֮һȺ壬ٶȼĴͷһζ
ԽСĿ侲ԱߵĶŮȴݲ԰׵Ľס졣ץݵ֣ҲʶĽŤͷһۣ¶˼ֺŤͷе塭ȻŮǱȺŻˡ
һʶݾԼðķʽȳŮʵȷޱĻȵĻ޷ˡ
뵽ŶŮ֣Ҳ΢΢˽ŮʱӦɻŤͷϣ¶һ˿ЦݣöŮ΢΢һ󣬲԰׵Ҳ΢ֳһ˿ѪɫЦЦ
ͷϵƺʮֲִ٣ûзеݡɽϷȥ
һŤͷ׼ǰȥҪ뿪󷨡
ˣϢ
ȻżֺȻ
壿ĲˣԷ˵塭壡
һ٣ٶ
Ƭ֮һӰٶȴͷһζ

Ŀһʱϳˡ
Ǻˣ
Ҳ壿æѯʡ
ǣңǿ壡Ϣ֪ʲôסһʼҾȻûз֣ţȻֻһƿӡѹˡ
˵󣬷˼ֵǡ


703 
ͷҲ΢ЩءȻƬ֮˦˦ͷʱȲҪЩҪģ뿪ǡ
˵ţüͷǺ̻ȴδЩֻʡǸϽ뿪вõԤС
Ȼδ˵꣬һļµϢȴȻǰȻ䣬͵̧ͷȥ
һȻֻ˲֮һɿֲȻˣ
ݾĿ֮УߣһɫĿֲȻѡ

ԱߵĶŮҲǲˣݴ䣬ȻƷâڣδˣȴҲݲ԰
ɫٱ䣬Ҳ˲̫࣬Ѫɫâ˲䱬˳ŮȫͬʱҲ۵ĳ̶ȣ
ӣ
˲䣬ݵԺУֻһͷҲ˲û᲻ὫԼ¶δᣬֱӳб󷽣Ȼ˳ȥ

һȻһɨһСǰɽľ㶼һƬɫһ֮£ȫݻ١
ɽɽʯѣľ𣬻նȻȥһĩ֮ɫ
ĺÿ죬ݴŶŮǷУȻڷɳʮ֮󣬱Ǽɫ׷ϣ
ߣ
ңԶһȻݲŤͷȴɫһĿֲѾ׷Ǻˡתһ֮󣬶˶˵һƻӳһ˿ɫһ֮籡ӭŹϮĿֲײȥ
䣡
һը֮£ʱγһɾҵķ籩ӶݣҲǾ
飡
ǿֻԼһ˲ǻΪ󺣲еСһ㣬û˿ĵâ˲ʢһģ̼両ڻɫâܣתݣͷ͵ģųȻ˳ȥ
ȻɣȴǼǵػöŮޱƣѪѪɫŮȫһͬϢײҡޱǿҧأɫɷסȻȴѾ̲ס˳ϸû˿Ѫɫ
ǿߵľ𣿡
ɫ԰׵ݣеһǰδеС
һʱ䣬ȷЩ˳˳ˮ˼׾ٵĻɱӥˣ֮ɣѧϰ󷨣Ѫȹ׽٣ٵ֮ٶȳΣɽ׻ɱ塭һеһУԵú˳ͷȻһСǿߵ˼
֮ǰ꣬ҲΪɵ˫ȭѵ֣еޣԲŻһʱѡܡҲηꡣ
Ȼһ̣ȴˡ̫
Ǻˣһ֮£ǵǿֲȻԼأһɻصɫ֮Уȫͬеƴʱпܸ𡭡
⣬ΪӵƷûⱦݣʣʲô
ݽҧأ䲻ԸϣУĴ̼
ǿߣݶԣ̫̫·Ҫˡ
һ˲һ˿ͷȻɫȴȻڳšھǿ߶ԣֻǼ򵥵һơݶԣȴǽ֣
ɫͣϹʹ𲻶һҪѪػŮһֱĴԪʶά
һʱֻԼʶ֮Ԫ·բ˵ˮһ㣬ӿ뵽֮У֧ѾûĳȶҲ
ȻֻƬ̣Ҳ֪˶֮⡣ڵԪѾĴ
УȥԪĹ⣬ֻ¾Ҫ⣡ɫɷס
ͬһһ㣬ɫĲУֹ޷סΡȻһɿֲȴûаĵ˼Ȼڳڲͣ
ҽǲɣֻˣ
ʶȥԲеݣ͵һҧأ͵ı˫ۡ
ʶе꣬ͬһʱ䣬Ȼ˫һ˫Уǽɫ͸¶һĮ֮ɫţֻ˫֣Ȼٵǰ۳һӡ
٣
һȣݵ𡣽ţɫâ˲ӿ֮䣬ҲһȻ£ֱӿݵ֮У
Ȼû뵽ǡʶ֮еڸӦӡ˲䣬Ȼ˷ӦһϹģȻ֮ӿûʶϿա
ʵԭƵ壬ȻһţһŸӹϵģԲ֮ӿ˲Ϣ֮ڿ˲۳һĽɫϹģǡ١֣
ԭС۵ˣǡ١ָ֣̼䣬һʯ
ҡʯ
һƵԲ崫һɺƴ󣬹ϵϢǽ˫ۣüͷ塭
һɫȻһ١ȻҲ˺֣ޱ˼סͣ𾪵Ŀݡ
ʵӸտݵڣѾ̫𾪡ȻΣȻһӵĻҪѯʣȴҲ֪ʱ򡣹ʶֻʱѹС
Ȼʱˡ
ǲǰ׳գֻޱߵɽľɫ֮ȫݻٱǾ֪ɫӵкεȿֲɫ֮еһ˺ѾĪҲ󡭡ݾȻ뵽취ȫֵס
ҪһǿʵŮѾ޷ǿ˫ۣɷ׵ݵҲ˼İ
ʱ䣬Ѿɳʲôز
ȻڶŮ𾪹֮Уɫȴ˿ûͣ١ͣĳϹܻġ١֡һ
֮µˣеʯΡȻɫȻ
ڣɫĳǹȥˡݵ˵ĺ󷽡Ȼٿǰ棬Ůӿһɿ־塭
ɽʧˣľʧˣԭЩĵ棬Ҳȫʧȡ֮ġһƬտ
ûǿտŮĿҲ޷Զһ˿ĵط
ǾֵתͷɫȻڳŸԶĵطӣ֮ɽ̮ݻ٣촷ۡľڿУѾ񱩵ʵķ飬Ϊ
⣬Ƕǿܹﵽֲ
ŮĿš
ߡ
һƺڶ𣬶ŮæŤͷȴɫ԰׵ݣ۾ǣһ˿ѪҺУҲżƵʹ֮ɫ


704 ʱӡ
Сݣ㣬û°ɣޱʱЩ
û¡һЦλ£ŶŮ䵽˵֮ϡ
һƨɣ˵֮ϡŮʱż
СݣСݣ㣬㡭ޱæסݣûһȡ֮ģǷĵĻҡ
ݿһۣȴͷůЦ˵ϻޱ¶ֱĻ¡ҲֻݣԼޱƵĸף˫˰ɣ
û¡ЦЦЩ԰ףֻĹҵϢһ£Ͼͺá
˵仰Ҳһ֪ھȻΣաղŵɫ۵Ľˡ
Һʱˡӡġ١־Ȼ𷨲ͬĹҵıҲôײٿصġʩչ˲ӡֻһΣ׶༪ˡ
ипš
ڵİǧһٵ󷨣ȫϹΪģǷҲǲȷеܡʹãҲΪĹϵ
ǣԽǿķҪǿܣͱҪе󷨡ֻзӦˣܱǿ
ǰֲͳͳͣʯǣͳȴȼϣ֮Ȼ
ͬǴʯеʺͬ޷ϸԵķȻǲתġ
Ԫʶͺñʯ͡ҪȼϣͱŪǲͻͷĻУ
ġ͡롰͡ͺñȷ
ֻзӦʩչǿ
ȻֻһǰԡʯǾ޷ȼϡֻҪԪʶܹСֻǣ򲻶Ӧ޷ӳǿˡ
ͺǴ󱯷ơûзķΪȻҲãܣȴֻʣʮ֮ˡ
ʱȴҲһǱԡơĴ󱯷
ϸһ룬󱯷ƣȻоʽǰãȻһͨĹоʽôңÿһʽδʲô֮ϵļأҲǴвͬйз
ڣ꣬ҲʩչһŹ
Ҫ֪꽣Щû취ʶ߶ġ
ѵ󱯷ƣô򵥣
УɵЩ²⡭
ȻţʱҲûа취ȥ˼һͷֻһת֮󣬱ʱ˦һԡҪǣȻָһ¡
뵽˵أڳɡּ䣬ǰһСƷʯ
ϵƷʯѾˣֻʣöһ޸ռ񷣴ӵʱĵġ
ҲܲôˣָܻǶٰɡ
뵽۾糤ˮһ㣬ȡǰƷʯ
ԱߵĶŮͻȻֵһƷʯҲǶʱһһۣж˱˴е𺳡
ҲŹġţȴȻԼܵУǾһġ
ʩչֶΣѾ㹻ˡԣĴڣֻһ˲Ҳ̹Ȼˡ
𣡡
ڴʱңԶߣȴȻһŮһ䣬Ťͷȥ
ңԶʮͷȻĺӰڿƷУöŮɫԽĲ԰
ֻܵȴ

̫浱𣿣
УһߴʮɵĳɫʯˣԼٶȷšĿУʯĺ
󣬲úôڤڣȴƫҪͷѪԨ壬ҪƳĻ࣬ĿΣ˵ñҪֱĨɱҲ¶ˡһϮƾ׷ţУȴŭ⣬ɢ֮ҲҪϷĺʵڣһжҵģ
˵䣬һɫǹӰƿնֲѹֱӳǾ޴ɫʯ˳ȥٶ֮죬գۼѾ˽ǰ
ʯ˷һȴҲ֪һǹӲãȻϿճ֮յıܹǹӰ
ߣ𣿡ƾǳͷǹӰյͷٶȳԽԽߵľ޴ʯȥ
쵰
ʯͷۿǹӰٶϮٶһλζ䣬֮յĶ˹ȥȻǹϵϢȴٶһ֡ȥҪǹӰУʱ򣬱ǲҲҪȥˡ
뵽ӹһ˿޴һâһСɵһſƬȥƴСڻɫʯ˵УȴСĲСУ¶˷ĳޣ޺޵ĿһޱƾţӽҲȻ㶼Σ
ƾ˿䣬˵ɡ˵꣬ٶðһǹӰҪǻɫʯͷ˷ȥ
ɶ񰡣
ʯͷٲɣһֻ֮ƣʱӿһɺ⣬ûСɵİƴСĿƬڡ
һɿֲȻǿƬУ˸
ʱ䣬Ȼһ˲ͣס
ɫǹɫʯˣңһ㣬Ҫ˻ɫʯˡֲѹǹ⣬·ʱпܴ͸ʯˡ
ʯ۽̵ʯһϣ¶ֺȻȻţǴ˼ֳޡ
Ʒӡ򣬾ˡ
ҧҧȴҲҲˣתͷǳңԶƿնȥ
һƷġʱ䡱ӡ̷ֻԲʮռİӵʱ䡣ǣΪӵзػˣȴȥЩ˿еˡʱӡʱơ
ʯʵûаܹɱƾΨһѡ񡭡뿪
ƾŰɣҳԨһڵģ
ɫʯͷͷ˻ţٶ磬תۼ䣬Ѿʧ˸ɾ
ڱɱĳԨӴܵʱ򣬺󷽵ǿߣҲ½ϵ
һڵߡ
ȻеĹ֮УȻȴ͵ͣ˽Ų˿С
ǣ
΢Ŀǰ
ֻǰһҵĵطһ˵Ļ֮ǿռڣĿе˿С
ңԶǹӰ̿СðɫâƾһͬҲֹ˿С·һжֹһ㣡
ʱӡ򣿣߲ʶ㣬һ֮ȴصһ
ô£֮һǿߣҲ㶼ˡ
ȵģ᪻ŵĹŮӣ˵İԵԼˡˣһξ롣ҲԶ
ȻǰһĻʱ˶ǴһЩصĿռڡ


705 û
ʱӡ򡣡Ůӿһۣ󻺻˵
ƷףҲǾƷϡӣǳԨߡһ֮˵
ӦŮҲ˵ͷ˴ؾȷǵõ˲ٵĺôУͰŷӡ򡭡û뵽ȻǾƷʱӡ򡣡˵ţҲ¶־̾
ӡ򣬿˵Ϊ֮һˡЧҲ廨ţͬȻһ㣬ȴ˶òϵġǾǣӡķǳǿᡣ
Ʒӡ˵ʮﷶΧʱ̰ӣô;Բڰ̲һʱʧЧ½ٶǿߣҲһ
ֻҪȥͻᱻʱ䷨ӡȻȵһ֮ٻָ
֮Уӡ֪ԼӡΪʱķӡǰʶڵģ
󣬴һˡ
ãֶ١ֻϹŵؾ֮УѰһĶ˭Ҫһһ붼ÿֲ
ЩӴܣӸղͳһУǶһЩˡƹ˵أ׷ȥˡǡ壡
ֻ˲֮Ѿ¾˵֮һΣֱƹʱ䱻ӡķΧǰ׷
һ֮Ҳ׷ȥ
󷽵ԽԽ࣬ǰ˵ƾһЩԵˣǺȻͣ˽ŲĪĿǰ·һж˵ĵ򡭡ȻСƹ׷ȥ

ȻסһĪν̰ȫʧȥǡãǳɹĽˣڣô죿
һȺ֮УҲ켣УŭԶһȺӴܵľӰŭ⡣
ԣǴûӡҲŤͷѾһƬտѪԨһۣȻһĨаЦݣĵͨǽ㣬һֻǸˡ飬ɲҪҡ
˵ţŤͷһȥɡ
ֺ̬ȣú˵ʱ΢΢һжʱ¶ŭҲһ˿䣺ߣǽ½ңȴ帨ҡ⻰ǴʶУֻ²ðɣ
αΣأȴǹһЦŤͷˣ⡣
Ŀһߵ⻰ʲô˼
ʵϣ֪֪֪Ҳ֪ͨǷͨڴƸû˿Ӱ졣ֻҵǰЩϹŶҲһ֣Цζҡҡͷǳֻ߸ˡǷܴͨͨ£û˻̫ɣ
һ𣬿ӣȴǲ˵
˵ЦЦźգһ۾㲻ѾΪ׼˴ô۷ǿ㳲»ֺαôһżϻӣɲʶİ
˫۶ʱԲɣƬ֮ȴǷ·һйƤȻЦȻʲôҲӲ۾ҪۼթҲֻк壬ܸˡ
аһЦȨǿ佱ˡ
ٶһЦ̾˵»Ҳ˵Ĺȥֻǡˡ֮󡯵ǣƣ﾿ܷӳٵҲ޷϶ңǱߵūҲ㲻ĺΪޡǷܹｻȥ治˵
ɸȥ֪ͨͨڵġˡһæҲˡ˵
ѾڰˡʼһЦôô죿
ǣҡͷһЦ߰ɡҲ岻ʲôˡ
ˣգһ۾
ҪȻҪӿһңԶѾȻֵࣺǸոѣ󲿷ֵѪڳ˯״̬Ϊ㵱İٷ֮һǰЩ࣬ȻɱȴĲòݱ氡ɣƺ⣬Ȼǿζ˸УȴǴ˼ֺ⡣
Ȼڡݱ桱ĸ֣˵ĺɣʵ뷨ֻϡ
˳Ƭ̣գһ̾Щʣ˵ʵЩİûȻûʲôˣʴǸĺôԲ˰˵ţ¶˼ŭɱ
ˣǻ߰ɡҪȻȻɾ߲ˡǵٶȣɲЩ쵽ʲôط˵תӡҲεĵ˵ͷٿһ֮ҲתΣǶǧ壬㶼˳ȥ
ոƬ̣ԶһӰӭ˹
Сӵˣһʱ΢Ц˵
Ӱ䶨ꡣ
˵ĴȤºһЦȻ˿ҡҡͷССͦġˡ
λ˶ҲСˣӹһЦѯʵҲһЦ˵ͷ
ںûж˰ɣЦѯʡ
ڣȻȴһüչЦûʲôɺڵġ˶Ҫ˵΢΢˶٣ҡͷʧЦˣҲ˵ס
ʼ硣
̧ͷһԶô׼뿪ˣ
ǰҪ͵Ϯ࣬Ѿˡֻ뿪ˡɵ˵
ǵǰһˡҲΪ⣬һЦ˵
Ҳܣ͵Ѻĵһаɡգһɺ
һ¡ǿ˵ССģĻӦǿˡڴʱȴǺȻ˵
Ŷͬʱˡ꣬иӹһ˿⡣
ղһҵֵʱ۽⣬ǡÿһҲ⸽˵һûƺȷŮӡ˼˵
ʲôطѯʡ
ǱߡھͲ֪ʲôطȥˡָһ
Ŀ΢Ȼȥ
˵꣬źָķȥ
εҡҡͷҲȥ
һȺ壬ѹѹģֱӳһȥ

ޣ壬඼ڻӴܣ׷ʱȻǰƷʯָ
һƷʯѻɵƷʯѣѾࡣ
ԣޱȴǽʱ̧ͷĴʱŤͷһϥ˫ۣžɫâݡ
ңԶѾ޴Ӱ·ɢмֱӳλ˰
һռ䶼һƬտûаڡˣѾɫ֮һɫâ֡ͬҹеө棬ʵ̫ˡֻҪ΢һ£Ǿпܱˣ
ٽţҲóȻĴݡֻþĵȴš
֮󡭡
ƣƣ
ȻȻޱƶĿݵޱƻһæŤͷôˣ
㣬㿴
ָָա


706 ʯͷ
ޱæ̧ͷһҲȻס
ֻǰ֮Уһ޴ޱȵӰѾ򣬳˹ңԽԽ
ޣ
Ůݱüѿ齹ŤͷȻ˫붨С
ô죿ݽţ񣬺Ƿˡ
ޱҲˣ޿Ѿϡܿƺһͷ޴һޡһ˫ɺŭӣƺȷǳ֮ؿ
ŮͷƤһ飡
ҪȻСݣЩȷ
Уһ߻ħô죿ޱȴæҡͷ
ɲҲһ
ޱɫ΢䣬ȴҧҧٿ˵һأ
ԣҲһҧٶԡ
ŮŵĿǿзΡ

Ԩ߷ӴţȻԾƷʱӡʱסƾӡΣԶԶûнֻΪʶУѾиǿ½½ĸˡ
࣡ҲȻǾݣ
Ԩзš
һΣʧʮִ󡣲˵Ǽֵ𣬼ֱмеıƷʱӡ
һǣһʮӴʧ
ΣǽڤܱеһЩƷ׵˵ģƾһ֮£ģֻʣһˡ
뵽ɵͷȥؽҧ·ɽľǾԻȥµģһƬտֳ֮£ΪϣûдĿܰ
뵽Լԭƺ׳ġڤ֮ʣԼһνߡԨߵŭ𣬾̲סͷϳ壡
кˣһ˻ˮ
ԨĿŭ⡣
ȻţһĨ⻪ȴǺȻӳ۽ǡһ֮£ɵĿ⳯Ź⻪֮ؿȥ
ֻңԶĿտ֮ϣӰǶһɢŻɫâС
ǣ
Ȼһ֮󣬳Ԩȴ΢䡣ֻΪ۾ܿʶȴȫû˵Ӱӣ
Ԩߵ۾ʱܹʶı
ٶȸķ˹ȥ
ٶȣܿģѾˡĿҲʱ
ǣ
Ԩͷʱֳ֮һ嵱еߴŵĶŮŮ
ǾȻţ
ԨߵһŵĳһǿңһͬһŮӡȻţ
Ʒ
Ԩߵ۾ʱһĨϲ̰ӹ
Ʒǿ߻ĶǿߣҲͬȣ
ԪʶٿصƷ˿Ԫʶٿصı϶١
ңΪԿǣйĴУ֮ӵǵ࣬ҪȥĶࡣˣȣ޸ȱ
һ룬ΪһȴƷƷ᲻͸£ֻǽáȻһԭΪ˷ơһȴҲѿ޶ԣһѵˡ
һΣͻȻֵ׽٣ȫһʰĻҵСȫƿͨļƻ
̰ͬҲΪ˵ȷǷǳѵõԭ
һпƷıǰܽĶ
ϰСŮӣȻھǿߵĹನ֮дǾƷϱʲô
ܶһƷҲ㲻ˣ
Ԩ߹Ц
ƷʱӡȷܾˣҲѵáǣϾֻһĵȻۡϾǱ˵һУԷʹõӵо˷ܸʶ̽Ʒϱ˵ʲô
ֻҪõһεʧȫԾֲ˰
뵽Ԩ˷ܵĹЦٶȻӿ죬ȥ

ˣˣ
һֱŵĿǾ޴ӰĶŮǾ޴Ӱڱһ˷ܴЦֱ֮ӸȫһƬɷף
Ѿܹ⸩µΣһ޴ޱȵʯͷˣɢŨĻ档
ߴʮɵ£һ޴Ļ򣬴Ϣƣ
ô죿
ŮԴһ˲䶼ֹͣ˼άֻǻԽԽʱὫɡ
٣
ڴʱһȴȻǶƽ𡣶ŮһţȴʱϲŤͷһ
ԭ˫붨ָݣ֪ʲôʱѾ۾ðɫâ˫ֽᡰӡԭԵȻ֣˲âʢϹŷƶǰγһĵġ١֣ٶƶ
СݣŮϲ
û¡΢΢һЦ
һ˲䣬һΪȫСĸдʱ˶ŮȫڣǻɫʯͷˣѾԵж־塣
֪䣬УѾͬȫ˵Ⱥš·ֻҪڣֻҪ۾ŵġٶΣգҲ㲻ʲô
ŮһЦ󰲾Ŀǻɫʯͷˡ
ȻڣȻŮУѾû˿־塣
ţ
Ԩ߾ȵĿͻȻһ֮Դһ£
ƿ֮𣬳ԨͬɽһµƣױȵƣȻ¡ƽȻȴ΢΢һܣάšӡ
䣡
ǿҵĳ˲䱬ԨСɽһƣݺݵӡ˶ԣʮС֮ϡ
ʲô
ȻóԨ𾪵ǡһƣǵûһ㽫ɣоһһ޴ޱȣޱȵɽ֮һ㣡ֻâѣţһӴķ֮ݺݵĽƵȴһ£
ԼѾǾƷ׵˰һƣȻ޷һ£
ѵƷ
ԨкȻ
ԨȻ֪ƷУҲǷŵȵġӵаǧһٵ󷨣ۡԡӡټ֮ǷԷӷӡıƾĳչ֮󣬶޷ٴǡοԨߵһƣ
һƣһûȫδʩչʲô츳طȻ޷ġ
Ԩ߾Īѣ
Ȼ۾ĿгǶŮ֮ĵӵʱ򡣳ԨһȻţ۾ȴǻȻԲɣ漴֮УһΪϲ飬Ȼ֡
㣡ԨߣȻˡ
ԨһƣݱƽȻʵϣȴǽп಻
ղŻָһЩԪһ֮£˽ķ֮һ仰˵ݻܼơȻ󣬾Ϊˡ
ȻӴʯͷˣȻһһ㡭ȴͷһĿ΢
ԷʶԼ


707 ߳ŭ
һݶʶĲֻ࣬һԨߡȻʶݵģͬҲ࣬Ҳֻһ
Ԩߣ
ѵǳԨߣ
ݵĿ⣬ʱ΢֪ЩѰˡ
־Ʋ£ִŶŮǶȻȫϾʶ붨ָġԣʵڶŮɫʯͷ֮ǰѾݡһʵСԪȫĴԣòָ
־£ָһܶһּȥϣ
ûֻҪȥΪͬݡѾдǿߣɫʯͷ֮׷
ֻҪִֵ֣Ůǰȫˡ
Ȼû뵽׷ġȻǳԨߣ
ϵȻһι޹֮ټ׷˵ǻѡ뿪ϾϲûǸԸðΣҲҪõĶ
ȻУȴǡǡԨߣ
ΪԨʶ֪֪һðʧȥΣգҲҪõܣ
Ǿǡͼ
ֻгԨ֪ͼϣ\ʼ׵ʱ򣬾ԨߣԨߵӡҲݣ
Ȼֻʶʶûаֲͬĵط
뵽ݵĿ⣬΢Ե
겻㵹ǳ˲ٰ
Ԩ߹ЦеݣУ˷ܡ
ܲ˷ܣͼǿ¹۵ĵͳе䰡
Ѿؾڣ뿪˻ɣֲķһؾջĻԼǰīңȥȡͼˣ
ʲôǿ൱ǿߣʮǰʱҲﹲĴڣ
һʮеľ󲿷֣ۻ˲֪ôӴһءֱʮǰȻʧ½ʱҲһͬʧˡȻҲǴʧ֮ͼĴ˵ҲͿʼ
ţֻҪõͼ֪ܵʧ֮ǰ׼һص䣡
ۻأǺεӴܵõָΣ
Ԩ߼ĻݵҲ·һֿȣ
ݵ鲻ĿĮĿųԨߣĮ˭
ңԨһ㶣ȻһЦֻ϶ʱðɫâСƬ֮󣬱ɳ˸߰âȥǳ෢üϤԨߣݵǰϳ˰ɣ
ü죬ҡҡͷǸҲʶ㡣
ԨĿһҲĮСӣ㲻ʶҲҪʶˡʱ޶࣬Ҳѿࡣڸ·һֱӽҪĶڶɱȻٽǶѡɡ
ʲôüͷһɻ󡣷·治֪Ԩԡ
Ҫͼʱ䣡ԨȴһĿٸϢʱ俼ǡ
㵽˵ʲô
һ
Ԩ˿˵ʲôֱӿʼҲ֪Լʱ䲻࣬Ⱥ󷽵ǿĸֻӴܡȻ෽ǿƾʱӡʱ䲻ࡣңಢֻƾôһɵ
ݵüͷ΢壬ȴǲ˵

Ԩüͷһ壬
һ֪ԼҪʱĿѾԷϤ
ȻޣϾѾ֪˲֪ˣҲôúƵġ

һ䣬Ԩߺɣ϶ʱðҺ⣬ֱӱҪһȥ
Ӯˡ
ʱݺȻڣԨߵƣʱͣ˿С
ʶʱΪܣೣ˵Ļӣ൱еĿܡԨһЦˣҪϻҰɡ
ɶ˰εһʼ磬޹ĿԨߡ
ʲôԨ߻һۿ
ֶôܻϣȴһ׳һĿ⿴ųԨߣ˵ǵˣڵΪҲȫܱסǶɣ
ĶԨܻ
ʦ𡣡ʼ硣
Ԩһ֮󣬺Ȼҧгݡ
ʼȴǲ˵
ԨߵȴǾұ仯һ࣬һ졣ȴȫ
ȻݵĻˡ
ȷݵΪǿеģ಻쾳ΪҪǿѹģȴڹؼʱ̾ͷʶȻֱ֣ѹܣȥƷġ\ʼס
Ӵ˱ɿݱȻͷĪĹ򡭡ͷĪĺȻһ쾳ˣ
ڳԨ߿ھͷǰݸӲܻʲôǣͼĴڣ
ôΨһĿܾǡѾͷˣ
ɶ񣡣
Ԩŭѡ뵽ģ
ˣȺˡ
ʱУȴЩص
ͷ΢΢һͷʱתȻȴǲֻǿųԨߡ
ô˵ƷҲˣԨòݣͷתĿȥ
ΪΪܵõıôݲֻǷһ䡣
ãܺãԨһĿҡ
ҪֱӳԨߡ
ԨһֱԲ䣺ͼȻͷˣҲ˵ʲôȴҡ򡭡ߣһþͷڵģ
˵ţЩҧгȻͼ£ǲʡ
ȻͬʵǡԼһ۽ԼеľƷӡˡȻû취õͼôܵõһƷֲҲԿˡ
ǸסȻȴҡҡͷεʦҵʵ޷סҲֻʱҰˡˣʦǰȻǵõˡˡֱԣʵҲ޷ôᱻʦ
ʲôԨߣ˲ˡ
ͼҲˡȻҲ޷õ
Բ˫ۣһŭ𣬲Ȼ
ȻݵĻݵĻȷǺеġ
Ϊȷ޷סԾͷʱݣȵݳɳ㹻̶ȣԱס˱ʱٽĴ衭һԽﱣݡһ棬Ҳñﶪʧ
Ȼ⣬ȴóԨ߳ķŭˣ
Ԩ˳֮ǱҲͲҪˣ
ԨߣһжǡͷΪˡ
һ֮κȻͬʱһɹװȴǺȻ
ͼ˵ϣ
һ仰ݵɫȻ䡣󣬱ĹâбѾֱӷ˵ĳԨߵȥ
ɱԣ


708 ЩĶ
ͼ
һӳԨߵĿдԶԶ˿ȥԽһЩԶһЩ࣬㶼仰
ͼʲô
УЩĪգһ۾ζȥƺЩ˲õӣ
ߵĺˣȴ仰֮󣬻һ¶˲ŵ顭
ô飬ƺ֪һЩʲôĲ˺˵飬΢΢һЦЩ档
Ŀ޵˸һ£ջ˵۴еܣšͼ֮С
ৣ
һ仰ǧ壬ͬʱͣ
ɺĿ⣬ֱӳź˿ȥһһѯʣ˵˭
ۡ̾һп
ۡ
һ仰ĸ֣ôӲϲɫ꣬ͬʱݱп־壬оη̰гޡһʱ䣬ȻǱĪ⣬֪ĸ֣Ǹʲôо
ߡ
գеֻһ֡
ǵٶȣ˲ӿ졭

ͬʱңԶ࣬ҲһһĻ
ͼ
۴֮
Ȼˣ
Ǽٰ
ϢͬһףȺը˵񣬶Ϊ֮
ͼǺεȴڣıȻʱˣ
棿Ǽ٣
ˣΪ֮۷׷ף²
ߣ꣬޵ĹŮӣһս׵ĵĮ껹С
ΪˣһۣӸԵУ˼ء
ϢǼ٣Ǽ٣ǻ˵أ
˵ı飬൱
棬ôһΣⲻ˽һսˡ
Ǽ٣ʱ޷Сҽ飬Ƚѹ£ѪԨ֮ƽϡλΪΣ
ãȴǺȻ˵
øԼǡˣֻǳԨߵı壿Ůĵ˵ͷ˵
˼Եһ֮Ҳ˵ͷ
ûĮս국Įĵ˵ͷ
ͬ⡣Ҳ˵ͷ
彻սʱΪԷһţһУȽ˼֮˵
ȺղųԨͣλȥˡҹƣν꣬ӦǸλá㣬һ
˵꣬ˣ㶼ӿٶȣ
ǲ֪ǣǼӿŲͬʱڣ᪻Լں󷽵ǿ֮У˵΢䣬üһĨɫԳŲͬ򣬷ɢȥ

ĿԽԽԶĳԨߣжĺ⣬Ѿﵽ˶㣡
˲Ļ쵰Ȼ˰һ
Ԩ߱׷ɱûʱȥ˼֤ʵԼĻƭЩ࣬ȴǲͬǽѪԨ飬дѵʱȥ֤ԼĻǡ
ݵԺɿתš֪Ԩй߰һ仰ƵһԵľء
Ԩߣ࣬ǹŹͷǵжԹϵԣùŹͷƭҲȥҹŹͷ֤ʵ
ǣ಻ͬ
ӵչŹͷڶڵͳ޼ҵϾܿŹͷ൱ľ٣ڵĹϵǺܺõġ᪻ġҲɣ
˳ԨߵĻҪѵ飡
Ǹʱ۾ͷǰԼǲͼס
ݿɲΪŹͷͻ᲻ͼˡ
ԨߡʣҼ¡һգؽֻ
еͷʯһɣվηֱӱǳ෽ٷȥ
Ѿݲò뿪Ψһѡ񣬾෽ȥ
һ棬෽棬佣ڵˣ֮ǰʱ֤ǰȫġץȥˡʱǿɲʲôŹͷ֮
Ҳ׼ˡȰźޱŮΪ֮¶ô㡣
ˣ嵽ˣ
Ȼص͵ŤͷǿһȺ壬׷˹
Сӵĵͦ
дЦ⣬в˿ͬڸһѴк
ϤöŮͬʱݶٱ䣬ŤͷһһȺ֮ǵʱ
Сݣ
û¡ȴǿοһЦһ䣬Ťͷȥ
֪Է˵СָԼ
С׷ҲͦġݵҲԵúɣ˵ȻٶȣȴԽԽ졣
Ǻǣ˵ͼϣҿô겻ΪƣǺǺһЦ͡
ǸܡƭֱЦžܾ
ҪԶ֣ǵٶҲԽԽ죬գۼ䣬Ѿ׷ݵߵٶȣʵȡ
һԡһЦ˵֧ŵִһЩյġ
䣡
شݵģһҿ͵һϹ⣡
ϹױȵǿƣǴֱӽնɱӣ
Ŀһ¡١
ʱ䣬ɫϷʱ
ֻؿһϣݶʱ΢ò԰һ˿
һУ֮ԨһƿҪǿˡֱݽ֮һԪʶ
Сݣ
Ůɫʱٱ䣬ŵĿݡ
޷ҡҡͷء
󲻶ӡâ˸䣬һʯ˿С
Ŷⱦм˼ѹܹɹ֮ǰһ
꣬ǺˣǳȺǰк¶˼־ȣɭȻ
ͼλ˸ңҷ뿪ô΢΢һЦºͣв·ֻ
㣬һͷ뿪Ϊ˱ԼԼȺЦ鲻Ҳż΢Ц˿ǺѹѹһȺĿа壺ոѵҪô
һЦӣǲ㿼һҵˣ
ǿߵϢԽԽȻѾܿǵӰȻƺûʲôУȻݲȡ
ݺ̹Ȼĵ˵ͷţҾܾ
ֻɱ㣬ȻԼȡҪĶˡǲʲôֻĿ⣬΢úЦˣߵģһ㣬ĺܲҡ
أУʱðһӵĽɫ⻪ֱӣϮ
⣬ݶʱоһϤζ
깥ط
ͷʱһϸ룬Ŀ֮УҲͬðһɫ⻪ʶʸʱ
ĿеĽɫ⻪ڿУȻһײݻһֻԼ꣬Ȼһ£֮ȻǷٵȥ


709 
һȴǷͬСɣ붼룬ʶ֮е꣬æҲ󡰲ӡ΢΢һӿֳķģƣס֮ģ
ݵ飬ʱ
ŶȻסˣ¶⣬һЦܵסһҲôأ
һ䣬ţ塭ӵУ˲ð˽ɫĹ⻪
һȺ壬ͬʱ˹
ǧɫ⻪˲ƿնݣײȥ
ǵصĽɫ⻪ڿл۳һʵʣһֲֿϢ˲ȫ
ݵͷƤ˲䷢
һѾ˿ֲˣǧ
У
жʱӿôһ˿֪

ݶ
һȴһҧҲ˲ʲôâһʱУ
һ֣˲һɫŰ壬ݵ˵ǰ
䣡
ǧ֮۶ɵĽâһͷײ˱˵ķ֮ϡ˲䣬ûУ
һɾҵĲеķдԺУ˷Ĳҽ
ͷʱһæ
Ȼһɫâڷ˸Ĳҽ಻ǽɫâȴͬһˮ֮Уݱˣûиܵ˿
ʲô
һʣĳһеϣǺˣӣ꣬ж¶˼ء
âǺɫ󽣣ȴͬ󺣡뺣ȴ˿
ڣâɢͬʱϵâҲʧᡱһ죬СԭģֻϸĻȴϡڵĹ󣬻ɢ˿ȥ
Ժ󺰡ȻȴѾûаϢ
ڹâɢһ˲䣬ĲҽУҲʧˡ
ʲô£
ͷʱһ޲ʶв̽һ
ǿס֪ʱ¶˿ҵ
֮ǰΪȹռ񷣣Ѿ˼࣬Ѿ޷ʩչһΣԷֵҲǿһƾݣûеֵءǣǧ깥ǶϷ
ݿļǵãвȷһ깥ֶεģ仰˵µľ깥ֶΣ
һȻˣԤϣȻļûеڶε
ԷһΡԼԱߵޱƣŮֻ¶Ҫˣ
ԣ¶˿򡭡Σӣ
ԣǿͷԷĵǣĿƽĿǰϣ¶˼Цݡ
ңԶһ嶼ż־ȵĿ˵йŹֵĳ
סˡЦ
ʲô
УҲ״¶أһеĳЩϤȴһʱ벻
΢Ц
ӹһ˿˼ͷý
֪
˵ͷ
̧ͷһǿߣѾ׷ִĿһݡ
Ŀתݲ԰ףȴҧأ޵ĿĶŮ漴΢΢һЦסˣ
һ£˵ҽӲأȻ΢Цšƽɣ뷨
ĿĶݣȻȴЦˣ˼ܸô
ֱڣȻһɴݣ˿
ݡ룬̹Ȼص
ݡ΢΢׽һ¶ЦݣҼˡԺһġúչҵߺͼҵġ
˵תҪ뿪
Ҹҵ֣ܸôȴתȻЦ
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£
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ꡰ¡Цŵ˵ͷлл
áҡҡͷЦסҵġ
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˵꣬ٲɣһ˳ȥ
ǺӣҲǿݼ֮Ŀӹµ顣ת
ѹѹһƬ˳ȥ
΢ЦĿǷߣȻȭȴѾѪָ
ˣЦš
ʱѾʧС
ֱʱݷŽŻԼĴСȻһת̧ͷȥ
ԶǿߵӰѾִ
ৣ
ǿߣһɿƿֲѹϢ˲䣬ݵǰ
ݵĿ⣬ʱ߿ȥ
УһŮ
׵һˣһȳȵߣ˵ʱбǴ˼־֮ɫͷԼŮƵѪɫ֮ʱĿ΢΢һ˼
ڶˣһɫµİԵӡݿʣƼΪǿᡣ˵ĿУżӵζ
ˣһĮսꡣĿ޼ɵɨݣĮϲŭ
ˣһɫŮӣ鵭Į˵Ŀ⣬ҲΪƽ
һˡ
ʲô֣
ЩȵĿݣȻδԣǰԵ꣬ȴȿˡֱף߸ϡ
ͷ΢΢һǲϲԷǹݣʦ𡣡
ǰԵȼݲӹһ˿ŭ⣬Ȼݿ֮ȴ΢΢һ䣬Ŀ
ˣ鶼΢΢һ
ԵӵĻüͷҲ΢΢һ£вáݸкҲ¶Цݣ˵ͷԵĶŮЦ㣿
ǵġݵ˵ͷԱߵĶŮܵƽ㣬㣬λʦ佣ڸ
ͻȻֵλǿߣѾöŮޱȡȻڣȻǿϵϢǰ׵ģʶŮǼΪš
ȻһܣȴöŮһǰƾ˵ӣȻݵʦ𣿶ݵʦ𣬾佣ڵĸ
ŮŲѣæ񣺡СŮޱƣǰ
ĿӹŮݣޱƵʱҲ΢΢һ£ޱƵòվǳˣֻ΢֮󣬱ǵ˵ͷ¶ͰЦݣض񡣡
˵֮ݣ΢Щصû°ɣ
ͷһ󹧾лʦġû¡
š˵ͷֱӵû¾ͺáǰѪԨΪʦȥȺնɱˣ˵
ֱӵĺܣƺûһҪλݽܸݵӡ
ǡᣬ˵ͷ׼뿪
һ¡
ʱǰԵ꣬ȴǿˡͷһͣ򿪿ڵİԵꡣ


710 
֣ǽһô
Ե궢Ƭ̣ȴǺȻ˵
üͷ΢壬ȴЦһһĵӰˣûʲôýܵġݣȥɡ˵ţֳݵ˵ͷ
ԣɫ΢΢Ҫ뿪
ã˵صޣҿΪȻļʲô֮ģ⡣ԵȴٶȿڣŤͷһԶѾ˹ڶȺ佣ְ֦ͬͽʲô⣬ʦģɹⲻȥ
˵仰Ҳ༸˿ڣǳڶķ򺰵ףڣ
ȥǰٵУʱ⻪˹ʱӰڼ˸ǰ
ʦ𡣡
ȻֺӣֳǰԵ񻽵
˻λ佣ڵʦܷѪԨɡԵ국ĮȻҪ
˵꣬Ŷ˿һۣ⡣
뺫һۣ㶼˱˴е򣬶ʦּ
һΪȴ΢΢һ䣬üͷ
ְͽȷļĴһ֦ͬαҲͷͬźȻڲԶͣ˵صǿ߿ȥ磬ºڣ
ˢˢ
⻪ʱ˹ǻ۵Ӱ
ʦ𡣡
ͬλʦ֣λʦܻͷذɡҪػ䰲ȫ¶΢Ц˵
һۣо㶼¶־ϲ֮ɫʦּ
΢Цŵ˵ͷٶԡ
лƣŭһֱĬս꣬Ҳڡս׾ʿ˹ͳ죡
ͬ͡ս
ǡʿޱ飬

ݳĬĿǰһĻͷȴ΢΢ȻǳԨʱµһˡ
׳ҲףνͣһЦ
˵ǰʲôޡȻˣҲûа취ϾܶвһɵʱǷɢˣÿһһʮǿǿ׷ȥǰѪԨﻹҪʲôͣ
ǣǲҪͣ˵ûйϵҪģֻһڡ
һԽݿĽڡ
ӻ֮м֮ʵ⣬ǵĿģ
ݳ֮еٶȽ׫ͷȴ
ܶϤЩǣô
Щˣһ׵û
ԣݳĬţһԲ
Сݡ
ޱƵЩǡ
ʵϣݡޱˣҲǿһЩʲô
ƽ㣬޷
ҡҡͷ
ޱҧҧŤͷ˿ܵǿߣĬ
Ʊǿǣѡ

Ƭ̹ĴǸѡ˵ӣ۶ֵһǡ᪻ѡӣ㶼ŮԡңòΪŮԡ
ȻҲǿǵ뷨üͷ΢šƬ֮ȴҲǿڣİԣκڣ
ˢˢ⻪Ⱥзɳ䵽ǰ
İζˣ
ʦʦ
˶һֻۣΧһۣĮɵʦʦǣЩݷءʢȴҲȥɡݻʦǧϡޣЪϢ
һȴ༸Ŀ΢üͷ΢塣ȻƬ֮ҲĬδ˵ʲôƽ
İԣ㶼ǡ
˵ͷֵȥɡ˵䣬Ŀһۡ
ĿӹܣԵ꣬ߣŮӣԼĮսģεļסŴͷ
ݣлλʦʦ񰮡󣬳лʦػ
˵꣬ҲڶԣתǳѪԨȥ
ʮӰϡ

Ŀݵ뿪٣ǧ˵У¶˺⡣
һۣ˴ͷһʶԲ
ˣǿ߰ɣһЩ壬ҲʵԲסǧˡ
΢΢һЦ󿪿˵
ǿߣٶ׷ȥ
սδ

һ·ȥԲ
İԣػࡣˣǼΧƵС
û˵
Ԩ뿪ʱĻףиǿ߾㶼ˡУȻҲǡ
ԣǵ˼Ҳ
شӣ뿪
ȻΪѪԨδĽǰ׳գסݣ͵ǿסͼڵڲϣѪԨˣдѵʱȥ˽⣬дʱȥۡ
ûбҪ⵵ڣͼ档
ԣǵĻͷء
˼Ҳˡֻ軤͡
ˣǰѪԨ·ϣݵĶ徻û˽ʲôġǣ֮ÿˣҲأʱɨ˵֮пԿѾʱ׼
ѪԨǵһǰǣ·ʱȺΪָ˷
ûӣҲûдӡ
Եԡļ
ʶѾȫʢʱڵһ㣬ԪӴ󣬿һ㶼ƵġѪ֧ŵĻֻҲѾɲ
ټޱߡԣûӣӣͬҲӲ
£İڻҲӲ
һģǸɵĵӡԭֻҪסݣûھͽͼ˼Եӳ棬õġңҲѾ㹻
ЩӣȻǸеľӢϢһٶΪаΪġĪ˵״̬ȫʢʱڣҲȫǶ֡
ˣ֮£һУܿģѪԨ
·һƬ֣ϢĿÿһ
ֻһ޴ڹĻҰ֮ϣСҪңԶһ޴ޱȵĹĻ
Ļ߲֪֪֮ĻأӲи롣
ǹ⻬ĹĻ֮ϣһĳʮѿڣڶļΪˡһͷͷޣŴѺۻĻƽг죬˾
֮ǰĸ߿֮УӰƾն˸ҫ۵Ĺâγ߲ʹ⻪޸Ǿ޴ơЧ΢
һĻ׼ǵһ
û뵽˵صΣѾˡ
аšҲôǿߣСˡ
ѣޱǶ֮ϧϢ׼δļţ˵֪һЩʲô
뵽ݵ΢΢һ΢Щꡣ


711 İ
һ깥֮һ·ܶΣǺ޻Ӧȴҽ֮óϸ顣
ͼ¶ˣѲҲҪ¶
ȻݲķȫϢֻпǷӡ壬ȫǿŷĴڽ֮ѹơǷȫʧˣǷӡȻƿҪг
Ȼ޶ǿԿӡڡ
ǣȴ޶˱֪ģʵС
һζȹռ񷣣ֻɷӡЩ⾰ֱǶǧ֮СҲֶ֪ܼã
аţĿ⿴ǰ
ѷ֮ǰսȻڳţ׳ۣһŨԪԪײڴ󷽵ҲĸӦУ๥ǿݡ
ͷһĿҲ΢΢ķ𼸷ֳĬ
̫
̫
ǿһξˣòŷǰʧöĶ㴫ֱɱȥ˺Լ˵御ɱȻŶŮ뿪
ǿԳԨߣֿﻹ˵Լܣοܴѣ
ǿͼΣ
ǿЩˣҶʲô͡ʵǼ֮£
ǿ
ϧû̫
ʵ
ǿʳ磬ûʵƨǣ
ݽקȭͷԶԪԪ˸Ĭ

лλʦֻڵӷأѵλɻȥ
κȻ΢΢һЦתĴİλӹ˵
ǰλ΢΢һһݿʵ΢΢һЦлʦ֮Ҳӡ˵սݱʦҵȱӻʦܣȴǲҵȵʦ˷أԵȥʦܷġ
ĬУĶԻŤͷ˵ӡ
ӡǰԵµӣΪסֻһϮ£ݿʣȻֺ롣ʶԪԴ΢΢һЦȴһֲȻһλΪƵӡ
ߵӦڵģս굱Ƕ֮ˣòŮӵװͬīмƣ᪻ųôǰԵӣӦ˵ˡС񡯵ƺ󡭡ˣ˵ˡ
´һ֮жϡ
ûҵȸԵȸʦǰʦġ
ԱͬҲݿʣȻֺ˵ӺٺһЦȴżζ
༸ҲζһЦȴδԡ
ˣǼλʦֱȺһ°ɡοζҲЦǧʦǧ𴬣ֻڵӣɽǧʦ岻ڣĳȻλϴҲΪλʦ֣¡
˵ţ΢֣Ц߰ɣĲСʦϴ
ǣʦ֡
ȴһЦ١༸ĵӹֵлλʦһ·͡ǡ
˵꣬ݣޱƣһֱĬİԣתĵӣҪֱӳŲԶġǧ𴬡ȥ
ӵɫȴڴʱ΢΢ɫ䡣໥һۡ
һ£
ǺȴȻڻ
һ٣Ťͷ
ʦкָ̣ο
Ҫָ·ôĵطָαҪȥǧϣĿЩ˵
⻰һȴǺЦĵʦֵ˼ǣڵҪȥʲôطЪϢͨʦֵͬ⣿
Ǻ΢΢ҡͷ鲻ĵҡֻǡ˲˵ҵȳΪνǻӷأʦҲסֺαװͿأ
ŶǸµ˼ǡǵĳǳڳͲгˣȴüͷһ壬ЦҲ˼³˵ʲôҲ֪ڳȴ׵ĸңҴǧϵϢϢġ룬ȥȥ˵ġ
˵꣬ת߰ɡ
ߣ
תҪ׼뿪ȴһΣǵǰԪ𶯣Ŀ⵭ĮĿǣڸڳδִ֮ǰλӻĺá
ৣ
ȻĻδ˵꣬һâȴǺȻ˹ȥ
ĽâƥĽ⣬˽⣬·ҪضȻᴩƿױȵĿֲѹ
ʲô
ɫ䣬ǽâٶ֮죬ֱգۼ䣬Ѿĸǰ·Ҫֱն룡
ƥУ
˲䣬б֪ȻȴļԼжϣ
ǵ۷ǿ߰һȻδӴ֮ǰƥеĸо
ţȻϾ˵ľӢӣӦҲǼΪ٣ɫУðǿҵɫԪæҵĴһţһϹԲܣʱǰ
䣡
âϮϹԲܣʱѿ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ҫ顣һǿ󵽿ֲȻײ壬һף͵һҧ˲Ѫ˳ȥ֮󣬷ſͣ¡
ۣ
һѪȻУӿ˸Ĳ뾪
һֱˣ
ɵĵһǶݣĿæŽâ֮ȥ
ԣİԿ֮ȻһƬĮûаֵı仯ֻϣ֪ʲôʱ򣬶һɫ
бֳ衣
λԼݡ佣ڵ£ֲɵ˲ԡ
İԵƽĮһ˫۾ɨһۡĿɨˣһ΢䣡
ѹ֣һʼǾͿİԵΪԭΪȻѾߵ̶ֳˡ۷ǿߣֱɱ
ҲȵĿԵİԡʶİҲв̵ʱˣߴ򽻵٣ԻȴǲࡣȻ֪İԺǿȴû뵽Ѿǿ̶ֳȣ
ǺݿΪ˵ҪǿࡣȻİȴֱһ˵طİԣָһǿ᣿
ЩȻһҪضᴩĽâ֪Լᡰ١־ֻ£޷ֵġ
ԼСߣһĨЦ
ߡ
İԿ˶ԷһۣԷƺûҪٳͷӣǴݵĽջڣƽ˵
һЦ˵ͷкݵ߰ɡ
еݻع񣬶˵ͷֿ˿ɫѿĶԷȥ
ˣǧ𴬷ȥȴûٸ
Ƭ̣ǾʧǧܵĹ⻷֮ڡ

İԡǿ
ʧۣݿ磬һĬ֮ȿڡ
ΪҲǵڰڡҿ˳׳Ĭ󿪿ڡ
ڡô죿һ΢΢ü
ͼ¹ش佣ڱȻҪ˽̡ԣӳû뿪ˡ׳Ĭһ֮󿪿˵


712 
Բ٣ǧ𴬣ֻ佣ڵӣܽСΪȻȴҲ޷Ȼǿ󷨣Ǳǳ׵佣ڡлݳ˵Ŀ⣬Ȼǧʧĵط
޷ֻҪҵȽ˴ΧסѾˡ볤ӦúܿͻġʱȻг˵˵
Ҳֻˡ֮󣬾㶼˵ͷ
ҲٶԣֱӱǷɢȥǧ𴬰ΧסڲԶĿ⣬Ķǧ𴬣ѡ

ʦ֡
İʦ֡
ǧϣݵ䵽˼װϡʱ˼װϵһЩˡǿİ֮æվĹε˵ͷİȴޱ飬һĮ
ȥҷɡ
İԵֱӱ߿Աߵļװ֮ϣ£˫ۣᡣԱߵĵӣԾÿһЩ
οİ߿ȻݵǸ
ݵ˵ͷЩޱ󣬳Ŵ¥ȥ
ϵǿΪݷ׽٣Ǳ˳ȥǧϵˣ󲿷ֶн񣬴Ӷ佣洫ӡΪϣ¡
ܿ죬εĴ£ֱ˶¥һǰ
ȥϢһ°ɡƿţȻ˵
šݵ˵ͷһͷʱâһûͷ
ƽ㣬㣬Щֻ¶û˯ðɣﰲĵϢɡݳŮЦ˵
Сݡޱƺ鶼ЩǵĿݡŵ飬ǿǿеġͬҲݵĴֻ²̫
ֻЦҡҡͷû˵
ޱƿ˿Ȼ˵ͷһ񣬡лǰСݵ£鷳ǰˡ
ʦֵܣޱϾ佣ڵˣԻǳƶԷΪǰġ
ε˵ͷİɣʦͬţԻ˱ڴ˰ЪϢɡ
ޱֿ˿ݣ¶Цݵĵͷԥһ߽֮˷䡣
ǴʱȷǼΪƣ
ʵǵΪȻﲻԲ˯ĳ̶ȣһ²˯ֵܼסġϾŮΪﵽ˺쾳ʮ㣬Ҳ̫Զˡ
ձץȥÿÿҹǵ£߶ȽšƣۣҲˡ

Ϸţζ˵ݵ˵ͷ󣬳¥ȥ
ǧ𴬣㡣ݣ˵㡣
㣬ֻһ޴ķ䡣
ͼϣ
ߵſڣתЩأʳ˵һ⡣
΢֮˵ͷǵġ
ǳԨô֪ͼģʡ
ǰڽ˼ȥȡͼǼΪһЩԵʱɱˣնȡеû뵽ǳԨߣƱʱ򣬱֣ӶƲġûֱ˵
ǰ¶־ȣʱ㲻쾳ڰɣ
һЩֶΡֱԡ
ŵ˵ͷδѯʲôֶΡüͷ΢΢Ƭ֮ȴһ̾Щ鷳
֪ݵ˵ͷȻ֪鷳
Ԩߵһ󲿷ǿ߶ˡͼ̫أҲ˵ڣ᪻ţĸ϶þʹưոݡ£ڻȷǷϡο˵
šٶȵ˵ͷ
ѪԨƻţʱ鲻ǣ϶뿪ǳ˵ζ˶٣ݣʲô뷨
֮أݲδԣǿνЩصüͷ
𣿡ĬƬ֮κȻʵ
ݶʱε˼ĬƬ̣ҡҡͷҵڶμȻȷһֱȥͦҵġǡ޷
ȻοЦһҲݡֶʵΪԣҪʱġȻʦͽ֮Ͼֻ档ȻǵһλǵڶΣػǿԿġҪ˵˲ΣǺѵġ
ңͼΪҲʹ˰֡
侲ķϾͼϣȻŵеģȾͻһ֡Ĵ˵ؾʮ֮ңĴɵʵǿ̫ࡣ˭Ҫ̱ûӦʵҪ̵㣬Ǽ˿׵һصǧϣܿĳ
λ뵽˵һ佻ĻҲĬĵ˵ͷȻҲͬݵķ
ʱ˵ݻʦǧϡޣЪϢʵ̽Է˵̬ȡǿڲô֤ǻẦݽͼˡȴûȴѾǵ˼ˡ
ͼһ
У佣ڵСǶ
ǼװĬı󣬱Ķ
ǣͼݸ˵ĶͬУʱʵֻĺöҪ˹ϷߡԼֻʣһЩиʣ
иʣԲϡ
⣬ܴӦ
εüͷԽԽεĵ˿ûбİ취ˣֻһһˡ
ʵа취ݳĬƬ֮ȴǿڵ
ʲô취һæѯʡ
ߵİ취˵Ŀε磬취ֻܱ֤һ뿪Ƿȫһԡ
һ𣬶֣صĵͷģ㣬һὫ֮׵ġ
л硣ݵϣ¶˸мЦݡ
ε˵ͷ̾û뵽ȻӵͼǸ˵ĳСӡ
ͷٺһЦΧʱ
ζͼģ
ʵ˭ܲ
ǿһ۷ǿµأ֮ˣ˭ܲģ
ǣͼݵġ⣬ֱû뷨
ݰô࣬ȻİŮˡһ㣬Σܶ𱨣ԷеĲƸ
ˣΣҲͲˡ
̾һ֮Ҳû׷˵Ϊġ취ʲôָŷ˵ǧĵĲλһС;ָ°빦ȥָһ°ɡ
һ˵ͷ
һεģȷǼ
ҽȥˡ
ε˵ͷĿݽ뷿Ҳת뿪


713 ʮ
ˣ
θתݺȻֿ˳סΡ
ôˣͣ½Ųɻݡ
һϸƺĳһҪƻĻ
֮ǰ̫࣬ЩҪˡ
ʲôĿʱһʲôˣ
Ҳ֪Ҽ겨˵꣬Ķʶģһ겨εü֮С
ǱһŽɫ壬Ⱥ޵˼ƺĳܼ磬ǵóѡ
۾Ȼ֣صĵ˵ͷ½ңȥָɡ
šһε˵ͷ֮ת߻˷䡣
Ŀ߽֮εҲżأȥ

ȻǼΪտŶ֮󣬶ʱһ߲ϼĴð˳һֻڷĴһ޴߲⾧գâǴ˸ġ
⾧Աߣ֮ϣһԲ󷨡һɫĹ⻪֣Բһҡ
ҿ˿ȷɫĻӦǾˡ
Ҳɣ˽ȥ
һ̤УݶʱеһŨ۾ʱ΢΢һ
󡭡ȻǺöлǻָ°빦պѰϣҲҪһ
ţ
δʼָȴԼĴУȡ˳
ԭڹĽ֮ϣâѾǲϸƣЩ޷
ݲٳɣüĽâһʶʱ󷨿ռ֮С
󷨿ռ䣬ٶȸݵǰ
⣡
ȻǰһĻʱݵһͷƤȫ
ԭޱ޼ʵĿռŨɫ뵣Ѿֻʣ¼Ϊϡһ㣡һԭɫ뵰ȫϹǣһһݵ۵ס
ǰңϣ¡
еĵطһͷͷģ죬СɢŨµϵ
һۿȥĿ֮һ㣬ֳϹ壡

ݶʱ
ˡ
µƯæһֻǰԶһŵĮɫ뵣Ư˹Ǵд
û°ɣͷʱһϲæ׷ʡ
깥ȻԭܼһңڡֻʮˡУżֿɬ
㵱ʱΪʲôҪ㵲סͷ΢΢һЩɬ
ѣ˱Ȼʹ÷ô깥˵ס˵סɢ˵һɢΪңҲɢʱ򣬷ӡֱӾͻѣϹҲƷʱѡԡˣ÷¡٣аܵݵĻ
ϹȻƷ⡣Ϲ岻Ʒ⡭ѡܼ򵥣ݶҲѡ
ǣ׹ףݵ飬ȴȻΪܡ
̫ˣ
ǿʵ̫̫࣬ɱݵ˺Ҳ̫̫ࡣ
Ȼʵϵشһһȥô죿
ݼʶЩײУǸ൱ߣʳ
һǿܳȥ磬ҳʲôӣ
ʵ޷
Բ̫ˡЩȻģҲ
ûϵ˲ǿΪʱ̫̣ԲŻԵЩǿģһϰ꣬ǧꣿиϰ꣬ǧġ˭˵ȴȻĳЦ⣺ʱ䣬쾳еĸ쾳ڣѪ㣬ɡ˭˵
ڣȱٵľʱ䰡ҡҡͷȴ̾
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УŨӿݵڣٵֲĵ˵ԪͬҲͷ֮Уͣһɫ⻪ʶġ

붨ʱѪԨĻǰԵޣ޴ѿ֮зӵ·һӰȴ޳֮вͣɱ¾šԡѪ˱ܣսڵһߡ
ͷǿȻѺۣż棬Ҳͷһۡ
һּҵ껰ɣһǿЩ⣺˷ɱ¾޵ˡټ
ǶŪһЩڵɣһǿһЦֻ᲻ּ࣬ȻҴҵȴ㲻ϵһ̳ˣԲŻƴɡ
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714 ɱ
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ڸԶĵطвǿսȻôģûϾԽǿѪԨ޾ԽܼȻҲԽաһˣˡ
ʱȻţеǿżһۣ˿ûȴ˼ҲͲٹע໥ֿʼ̸顣
껵˸ŻɫĹâͣɱ¾šǰɫâӹߵ¶ȼճһ̱ǵĽζĮɱ񡭡ȻżȴܿʱʱĻ̧۳ſпһۣƺڹ۲ʲô
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֮ǰҲΪǿռ䲨뿪ѪԨǻ⽻ҪעԼİȫҪȥ
ȻֻҲû뵽ûнԼĶɱ࣬ȴɱˣ
껣ĶӰңѾû˷Щˣôµȥ֣ôܰ
ֻĿУŭ˶ȣĿ⾼ĿİΡʶ佣ڵˡǣһԭ򡭡ǿ佣ڣգҲҪԼĶӣһ
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οֻеĿ⣬ȴҲŭԭ򡣻ǶȣԼĶӱ˵ԼɱһȫʬûУֻԼı֣᲻Է
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ּ࣬ҵʮǿҲðһԪâݷŭȻ껵Ҳǵĵߡ
γĬһ£󣬽еĽɫӣ˳¶˵ǰ
ϸӦ壬ʲôоôûлشĻ˵
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715 ֲצ
ֻҲһϣĿһ䣬һ֮ĿҲ䵽ǽɫ֮ϡϸһӦ
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һֱֻı飬һĻҲЩ̾̾Ϣ´Ҳ²ˡβ֣˼ǿ߶пܵĹʱ򡭡˵ţͷһԱߵѺۣȴٶԡ
ܡܡֻ˼ȴš͵̧ͷ˫۳񣺡ܣ껶ڼ飡ıһıΪʲôһҪɱΪʲôֻţĶİԣƱڣʱпȥ
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ʮľ޴ѺۣһֻצѺ̽ԶŴĺС
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ߵͷһ۵ϲȱȫʬ壬ǰ
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716 Ԫ˼
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Сӵĺ񰮣һİԻֱֱӴȥǧ۵ĺ֮ľлָ
Ԫ²ֱͣӳ¥ȥ鵭ĮݣȻ۵׵ȴ¶һ˿ļ֮ɫ
ͼƷСϵıﻹǲ١ҵˡ
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һ߲ϼҫڶʣλáԪ۾ȴڵһʱ䣬ֱͶעǾ޴߲⾧ԵɫУɫâӰ
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717 ڻþĿֲ
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ݿԪһͷһ˿ЦվϾɫâɢ٣񣺡ݣʦ塣
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лʦģȻָݵ˵ͷ
˵ֻһ䡪ͼУԪݳ䣬ֱ⡣
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Ԫжʱӹһ˿ϲȻĮȻܺáҰɡ
ֱӶԵݷ
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ԪĿһ䣬Į˵ֻ£ɲ㡣
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ֲĲ˲佫ȫѹƣǿֲĽγһɫĹ⻪ݵУһӰ
ݺɣ⽣һȻѪҲֻһ;
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֪Ļû˿׼
ʶȻϿֲԪ뷨򲨶ѹƣⲢʾ޻֮ϾʶǴﵽ˵ǿߵĳ̶ȵġԪҲǵڰسڰˣ޷ȫ޷
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ǿߵನƾֵܵοԪĽâ
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718 ɱԪ
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ȵڳִҶҪİԺÿ
İԵһȥһƷıﲻ˵һЩˡȻҪǡɨ
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ͷһж˲ǻعǡþͿͼ佣ڵӣһƣֱӳȱǵӰȥ

ԪѾˣΪһڻþĹѾءȴҲû뵽ֻ˲Ϣ֮ٶɱ˳ɵģһƾͳ˹ģҪԼ
ס֣˴ʱѾûκηԪˣ佣ϼ帱ĳɱң߱ɱͬų佣ˣݣ㲻Ҫ󣡡
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Ȼȴ˿ûгɣЦŻشһ֮ƽȴȻٶȹᴩȫһƣɣֱӻӳ
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ǰԪ˵֮У嫵嶼Ǳҳ˷顣ֻǲͣ³Ѫĭĭһ˫۾΢ʧȴԹĿݡ˶ڲͣĳ鴤š
ĿһɨܿҵϵĺڻþȻɣһŲ˶ԷϣֻöԷٶһźڻþ֣ҲڻþС
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Ԫ۾һɣҪ˵ȻȴѾԣֱ̧ţžһ죬˶Էͷ
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719 ڶצ
ݾĿһ󣬼ƺûҪԼ˵˼Ҳǵͷ¿һ֮󣬴ԪϣĴԼƷĳ
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ЩȻҲ洫ӣʵѾݵˡҲǣԳ¥ȥ
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ǿļǶȻԲġ
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ˣȴȻ˿ĵطһ˸ţطѾޱȣʱ׵縡֣ʱп𡭡ȥĩա
ǵԪ뷨֮֮γɵ߲ʹ⻪ǷӿĻ֮Уֲצ˺ٶȿš
ǣֲצʵֲ̫ˣѺۣȻڲͣš
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ӿ󣬵ʱĴ󻪹ܣһ־¡
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ɫצ
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е඼ǴסˣԼ۾һצˣ


720 ನѣ
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߿֮еǿ߿Уһݶٱ䡣Ȼֻǳһ֮ȴҲû˷ȥ
Ծǿ߽սನԼӣﻹܵõˣ

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ֲನվǵ˴󷽡
һѡ
ನ֮Ȼǿһǿ᣿ǽսನЩԵֿģ

ӷţһɫƣӴܣȻٶನĶ֣ŤͷһನȻǾҵĴһֻ֮ɫֽһ㣬ǿֲನ֮£ֱѡ󣬿ֲһҽҲֱӱɣʧ˸ɾ

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ǣನԶԶûнûʲôʵĻôǵѳɶ֣

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721 мƽ
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ôһ̤ȥֻϣ˰ʵһСʵһк˵ûʵǾͰıͰɡ


722 ݵΣ
˶̸šо󲿷ֵˣԶһӵԹԡһನģǶƾ޵˹ǲֱƾֻýޣתƵ˶ϡ
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ѪԨΣΪأΪ˶֪ܱͨͳ첻סͷҲʼ޹ͨˣĿࡣʱѪɺӣʬָ˭ۣսȻ
ȻҲ㱻ನɱһ֧ͳ졣

˳ƾͬҲ侲һЩˡҲģ֮仹Ǳʾ˶ƾ֧֡УЩƳ硣
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ǰ׳գһϵеıʵУŮȻһ仰Ҳ˵ʾǾʲôû
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һϵеıʣöŮԼоݣ޼ҳķϲ֮ţѾ֪ǸˡϣȻĳԻĵܡ
󼸴ǷǧۣԼ佣ڵĵһĵӻһͿԿΣաȻʱƽƽֻʱġȵͨǿֻ߳ΣҪڵ̨ˡ
ͼʲôδС̸ȻĳּΪҪıܹЩ쾳ľǿߣ֮͡׸ô죿
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ޱЩɬСʱһֱıܵܡʲôʱȻѾΪİˣ
ΨһõľǡСݵƺȽϱӻ佣ڱϾĴ֮һ佣ҪסݣȻҲһ͸׶СݡΨһǡ佣ڻסСݵ˼Ƿ㹻
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ô˵æѯʡ
ڶ꣬໥֮ǣơȻ֦ͬĦСһ΢˼ĳϾһɽݶο󻪹ܱߵԴ޵ġһ뵱޼ζҵһּңıııνǧٹ֡
΢֪춼ôĵط˼ңοһôĵ̣Ҫ˵û˭ţޱҡҡͷ
Ϊʲôһֱս룬һ棬ڰ˺Ѳһ棬ҲδزǸеƣɲȫ濪ս
Ǵгĳɣ˭ûһƣ޼ңҲһĵƴĴɼҴҵ󣬸ʲôƣ¶˭Ҳ˵Ϳ˶Է
ͼıⱦǷѾü˵ǰδ֣ЩҲ֪ǣͼѾüѡôǷʵأСݣǷӵⱦҲҪһʡϾǳĿУ˭Ҳ֪ǲǶԷһı


723 ǧ
ıȷпǶԷһı۾һ˵ǾˣС佣ڵӣдʣֻҪһ飬ͿԻСһסȻˣ
ޱԿЦһңԶ֮أ̾ڵǣСݵпܣļıǡʵ
ɫʱͱˡȻҲԡ
ޱ¶ЦңԶ֮Уȴ
־棬Ѿܹæˡ
ȻҲϵ⿼ˡ֮Ȼǲ˲ٵСݣǴ㽫Сʱ÷֮ٿαǲûд֮ǰ佣˺Ƥһ㣬СݵʦСݵλʦֱִⱦ˲δϾܿĳ
Ϣܶࡣһ棬ֳǶ佣ɵ֮ǰԸ佣ڡһ棬ȴֱʾǶͼڱصáǲС佣ڵı֮ϡֻҪһʣǾͻ佣ڷһ
֪ʵôһҪͼǶǲܵġԣɴʱС佣ڡһһҲǲǻ
ڵСݲǱɽκһҪסݣȻҪӭϴ˵ڵؼǣ佣ڣǷ㹻ᶨ˼ҪסСݡ
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ޱ˵Цҡͷô򵥣ȻС佣ڵĵ̣ûֶβ̽СǷ˵ѣͬһನɡǿߵֶΣҵܹģ˵ޱƵøпΡ
һĴͷʵûа취Ǿͽｻȥɡ⡭Ҳܱ˼Ҫǿ
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еҲػҪȥܻȡһ
ޱĬţǾĿԶĻ֮أǻҵǰһֲ֮ϢͣĻصš죬Ǽʶ̫̫ǿߡо󲿷֣ӵлּ串޼ҵֻǾסھ׵ܣһ̧ͷյʱǲ֪ʲô𺳡
ŮĬǧĿ΢΢żâԭվ֮ƣȥ
ĽŲ˳˼еĶŮŮһعͷ߹ǧ
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һʣȻǳޱʵġޱͷʱ΢΢һĬƬ֮ùһö
ǧ΢΢һ˼Ƭ֮ŻȻԭˡƺʲô
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ޱƱԷʵͷЩȴֲȷԷһֲ֮ٶԣȴҲҶʡ
ǧޱͷʵֺܴѹԷòҲͰˣϸ۷ʡʲǵϵĮ顣һ˵ǡԴǿʵþϵϡ
ǧ˵ͷ֮󣬱㲻߽Աڵķ䡣
ŮΪЩǡޱƣͷ΢Щʧ䡣
ˣȻҸ룬ֻȴ
ķ䣬ǧһ۾Ϳ˺УĿеݡһۿȥɫâܣԪͣšͬһԷʵʶ֮ӡ
ݵȻɣǧû˿ܿԡӦԷʶľȣ΢һ
Ī˵ǿߣȻڵӵȾʶҲǼΪġ
ѹ֣˿ˡǧš
ʱһֱ˫۵ݣ۾Ŀ⣬ʱǧཻ
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ݼǧƺ˿졣΢΢һЦվ
ж磬ֵĲ˲Ŀ
ǧԸ⣬ӹݣͷ㵹⡣
ͼ¹ش٣гضҪѯһġǧʦʦǰȷδʦֶϡҲ̹Ȼ΢Цͷ
ˣǳͼˣǧа޶Էסȹͷ˼άȴȻȷһ˲š˵أҲҴţֱѯʡ
пҪȡݲδֱش𣬶Ƿǧһ䡣
ǧ΢΢üҡҡͷ佣ּԵΪʵӵĸԻԵͼȻ󣬵ϾԼĻԵɲ޹ȡ
شͷһҲɣ˵ͷ̹Ȼͼȷڵϡ
ݵĻشǧʱ΢΢һ¡
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Էȴһ̹ȻϣȴʵЩ⡣ΪͼǷڶԷϣԷҲʸڷϡ
ò˵ݵ̹ףһʱǧһ˿øС
ң̹֮ѾԽˡǧȻΪԷԷʸڷϱŭ뱻ţչֽȻͬĸо


724 
ô죿΢Ƭ̣ǧվǿѯʡ
ʦ忴ʦֶô죿ֲδֱӻشǧĻǷһ䡣
ǧʱȻŶԷȻ뷨ȻͼȷԼϵĽ
ʱɳȥ취ʱδκἰҪֻʲô뷨
ⲢеġϾ佣ڵˡЩ佣У佣ڸĸԴҪ˵޸УΪʦڣԲûж١мȴʵʵڵġ
û佣ڣݲܳɳ̶ֳȡ
ԹһŷΪ׼佣ڲԲȻҲܶԲ佣ڡ
ԣҪ佣ڵİ취Ӷȷһôߡ
ǧüͷ΢΢Ƭ֮һܣлϣܽͼڡϾΪޣĴǧѾȫļ˵Ǻѱͼ
ǧ˵ĺֱףȴδŭΪǧҲʵΪʱ򣬵ȷǲġ
ݲδ˵ǧл˵
ȻǧݣȻƽϴЦٶȰ̾Է˼άǸ˲šδΪ仰ֱӶŭҲһЩŵģͼҲãȻ㹻Ĳ㡣йͼ飬ȫȨ
аͷȫţǧ˵ġ㹻ĲǱȻôļ򵥡佣ڴһӽ̷ֻ꣬²ضԡ佣ڸĲȻҲǼ򵥵ļöҩһЩʯбȻö
ʵûдĴڣ취ȫܹܵġϾͼȻ󣬵ʵʲô취佣ǿһЩֱҪȡ߶κεĲݣҲûκΰ취
ǣдȱڣʱ뿪ȻǲܴӦġϾβչǱȲͼġ
ۣϹʱݺµκΡظǺεȾ˵Ӵ˭˵ܹƵĳбȻӵеѵһȻĴڣҲûпܴڡ佣ڵĲȻǲܵסصġ
ԣ΢΢˵ͷŵӲԸͼɡָΣ
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ʵǧԣѾ御ѡϽͼɻӻԸȻӻȴٳ
˵ƺЩвĳɷ档ǡνĵǱȻǼΪǿ󺱼һΣ˵׼Ҫ۵ġȻ佣ڵ˵ӣʵδ佣ڴʲôסƾʲôҪԷ޳Լأ
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뷨֮ݵ˵ͷֿĿǧлʦ壬ʦֶ֪ôˡ
ǧĿ΢ʲô뷨ڻ˵
΢΢һЦʵϣʦֶ֮ơΨһ£ȴȷŰæ
Ŷǧ΢ʵû뵽ԷȻѾ֮ơ
Ҫ֪˵ضڶԷԣ裬ԶԷΪ˵ףҪ뿪ȴǧѡȻԷȴ˵Ȼ˶ԲߣʲôԲߣ
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ʦֶжԲߣ˲ȴֻܱ֤ʦֶһ˰Ȼ뿪˵ݵĿ⿴˷֮⡣ʶȻ̽⵽ޱƶˣȻվӹһ˿飬Щεʦֶλ㣬Ϊȴʵ̫΢ʦֶȴ㣬ԡ
˵仰ʵЩѿϾޱƣ岻ݴǵΡȻʵȴ˲пᡣûŮȫıӻסѣȴҲֻܽ佣ڵ
֮ǰŮиΣαϾֻһӡ佣ڶԲ߲㡣佣ڸ߲ڱӻŮʲô뷨ֻηǵӻ˶ŮҪܵǣ
ԣٶ˵ǧҪǧʲôʵʵӻŮֻҪǧ佣ڸ̸߲۴µʱŮ˵ϼ仰Ҳ͹ˡģλõġ
˵ǧҲѾ˹Ťͷһ۷⣬˵ͷֻô
ݼͷѾӦԼ¶Цݵͷֻˣˡ
ǧ˵ͷҰɡ
ллʦ塣ݳֿĸм
£ǧ˵˼仰ҲЦŻӦδѯйضԷԲߡ飬ԷȻģǱԡڳ벻ɡ
ʵǧлһЩ뷨ֻǣ뷨Ҳˡ
һ˲ţӶԷ־֮ȻЦܿĳ˲ţҪȻֱҪȻ͸ֺһϵ
佣ڵĵӣһ㣬Ҳ͹ˡ
ȻͼȷǼΪġǧһ˲ţҪҪĶࡣ
ԷѾ죬ӵзҲһ߷ԾǸʱ򡭡
ǧ̾һԺУŲٳΪһͽϸĵʵġ
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ޱ΢һæĵǵǰ
Ȥ佣ڣǧ˵ͷȴǺȻѯʡ
ޱ΢һ漴ϲڵأԸ⣡
ǧϣҲ¶Цݡ֮ǰͿޱƵʲȻȲݣȴҲǼΪġʱΪͽĴ㡣ݵҪǱӻ˶ŮһУҲ˳ˡ
ȻԸ⡭Ǿɡ佣ڵһЩزܱ䡣֮ǺΪ춼Ȼ޷Ϊ洫ӡգұΪӣǧ塯šҪס֮·ʦ·УȴڸˡҼӣǽš赡ڰ֮ǰ޷Ϊ洫ӡȻǻ뿪ϣаա˵ǧݣҲ΢䡣


725 ֮
ɣΪΪȻϣԼĵΪиʶѾӡ
ޱƼԳ֣ᶨĿǧ𣬲ʦģƱزʦ
ޱȼᶨ̬ȣǧҲ¶Цݣɡ
ǡޱƹվ
ݵ飬ͲڹˡǧϺЪϢҲʲôô˼ˣţٴ㱾֮ǧͷ˵
ǡޱٶȹص
ǧ˵ͷת뿪
ƣϲ㰡
ֱǧ뿪֮ĵ
ԭ˷еޱƻһԱߵʱͷһ٣˷֮飬ʱɢȥ
㣬㡭
ޱ𣬸ղǧֻһˡô
޼ҿ˽佣ڣ֮գǰˣ
ȴ·δʲôһ㣬˷ܵĴЦ
㡭ңȥһʦһҲΪͽģ
ޱ촽΢΢һҧ֮󣬺Ȼ˵ȻҪ뿪
ȴһסޱƵ֣ȻޱЦɵϣ˸иԵĸԵǰңҸԵδճΪӣҪ󡭡˵ǰǴӦ㣬ǲӦ㣿
ǡޱƼˡô򵥵ĵܲǡ棬Ϊ佣ڵĵӣԷȴһ仰ûбἰޱĺܡ
ûʲôǡʱȴ·𿴵ĺܿЦݲã佣ڰСݵʣ޼ҲһġԲܽ佣ڡҵ֪Ҳھڰˣ޵ĺܡңҲ
˵ţĿޱƣҲҪʲôܵ뷨ҿĺܿġҪģŬСһε裬һҲ͹ˡǡԣԲҪٳܵڶΡ㡭𣿡˵ۿ΢΢졣
ޱƻһ֪Եģʲô
ãĵͷĿᶨŮ֣һ𡭡

󣡡
ǧˣȻǰߵսȴȻڳš
֮ſֲͣȥռ䱻ױȵһƬ硣޴צ˺ţҪĻ˺ѵĸȻƾɫӰȴĹǣʹצ˱ףһƺĴķŭͣɲԨڴս
ѾѵĸĻг˳мɲצ˻ȻԾΪƾȻǿᣬȴҲԵüΪǾɫӰݺ֮䣬ӦĻҲûУͻһѶ࣬Ѫȳ졣
ͳ죬ҵǰ㣡
սУȻһ𣬽ţֻһңȻƿٵЯӴϢӰ˽һǿ߸ϵˣ
ƾԭص˲ӹһ˿ϲɫ͸λ׼֮󣡡
ã
ȻӦ֮֮Щ൱Էɵ˲ͬλ֮ϣʱ䣬ĻƷΧʱȺΧ
ˣ
Ťͷһǿڼ̵ʱѾ͸λƾһȣɫǹȻֲ֮ǧɳǹӰǳǹӰȻգ·Խ˿ռ䣬˲䣬䵽޴צ֮ϣֻŭʹ֮צҲڵһʱȻ
ƾͣһ߸ߵķ˿С
Χ籩ӣƾսನɡƾλãǿγɵȦӵġҲڣ

ƾĿһӣһ
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ƾһȣԪʶ֮һ˲䣬ıʹضȻһ㡣೬ǿͬһʱͷųԼȫԪʶһֲֿΣ
Ǽǻһĳ
أʱһƬڰ֮Уһ˲ͷų߸ת
Ȼǣγһ޴ޱȵԲȦԲȦΧһƬڡȻԲȦ֮ڡʮϵǿߣȴͬҹеһ㣬ųױȵĹâ
ֻڶ̶һЩΪսĹâȻ£󣬳ƾڵ֮
һ󾲼֮󡭡
䣡
âȻѡһ̫˲䱬һ㡣˲䱻ɢȡ֮ģһƬѤöʵ߲ʹ⻪

âĵƾɢ߲ʹâȻһȣţͷϷԭʵƲ㣬ȻҾγһױȵľ޴С΢һ֣ţһ㣬һ˿߲ʹ㣬ļȻ֡
ֻ˲䣬Ȼѡγһµ߲ʹ⻪Ȼ£ƾֵУ
ƾأ߲ʹ⻪һ˲䣬ζȻһ֮ϸֳһ˿ʹ֮ɫ·ĳּΪԳܵľһ㣡
ȻȴһҧۿһɣȻһȡ
¡¡
⻪Ȼɢȥѭʮλǿ۵ϵǵϡ
ڳ͸Ŀ߲ʹ⻪һ˲䣬ǿߵ֮ϣֳһ˿ʹ֮ɫУΪһЩģʹ֮ɫ΢һЩΪֻеڰǿߣ򼸺ݶŤ־ֻ¶Գܵס
Ǿ㶼ǿסڶݵһ֮󣬾㶼һȻ
Ļƣ
Ļڣƾݻ˵ľ޴צٶ̽˳ȻһΣӭͷײһٶȴ߲
𣡣
ֻڽӴһ˲䣬צ˲ƤѪʱһ˲䣬ܿǵëצ̶һ˲ĽӴ֮ϣȻѾ˿ɼǣ
һĻÿǽǿߣʱһ
ƾǿߣȫһҲ޷˼צֺֻܶݻˡȻ߲ʹ⻪ڽӴһ˲䣬˿ɼǣǺεȱ
ͷһݡ
֮֮𣬱͵õһ󷨡ءԴ߲֮Ҳ֪֡ʹãǵһΡ
ȻôҲû뵽ⲹ֮󣬾ȻѾ̶ֳȣ
Ԩڴ˳צԸٶ˻ȥûг
߲ʹ⻪֮Ȼޣҽеʱ䶼ûУֱɢΡ·µıѩϢʧĸɸɾ
Ȼ󡭡߲ʹ⻪ӴĻ
Ȼ˾һĻˡ
ɿνƲɵױȵ߲ڽӴĻһ˲䣬·ˮ齻һ㣬׾ٵģ˽ȥԭĻҲ˲䣬
ڵģʮĺɫ޴ƣһ˲䣬ۿӵٶȣ
ǿĿһĻԭЩǵģȫķŻ˶
޶ңȻѾˡҪȵģֻȫʧˡ
ǰĵȴţȻЩ˵Ŀ⣬ȴѾ˸Ȼ˼άѾһΪע¼֮ϡ


726 
ǧ¥ȻڻָԼ
Ԫ㲻ʲô̶̵ʱѾָһ롣ȻЩεʶġ
Ǻڻþʵ̫ɫâһ˲ǽʶ֮ȫȼմݵĻָ֮󡭡ʶ֮Ҳָֻʮ֮һˡ
ʶϵģݵԴԵЩտģ˵ʹȴ˼¡
ָоͷЩ꣬оΪԳȥ
Ȼ˫ۣüͷȴšԵЩ궯
ڣһʱ֮͵۾
ꡭꡭ
ɫ԰׵ݴڴڵĴϢţüͷһ֡
ĿƬ֮󣬺ƽȣȻԴڿյʹУȻüʱʱ΢΢Ϊʡ
ӣҪָʶֻˡ
ɫ԰׵ĴϢһ֮³һ
Щεҡҡͷ̽Լ״
ʶָʮ֮һԪҲָֻһ롣ʶ̫أȥֻҲЧ΢
뵽˴Щεվ߳˷䡭
Сݡ
Ŷʱȱ߿ǴֲĻ֮صĶŮ
㡭û°ɣ
ݳŮæӭȥݲ԰׵ݣŮж¶˼ֵġޱƸǴżֵǵѯʵ
Ů飬΢һһԼ̬ҡͷһЦûʲô¡
˵ţ̧ͷǻ֮ءǻ֮ѾɫâȫķݵʶӦҲֻϡжϳĻңȴ޷Ρ
ô
ЩǿѾȥ˽ʱˣ洫˼ըͺĻûʲô仯ޱٶȵĵĿһۣԷҲֻɫ΢Щ԰ףĵƺûʲôҲŤͷһۣҡҡͷص
ΪٵĹϵѾʮֵȻеʵȴڹı䶯޷֪ľΨһģҲͨ洫жˡ
Ե˵ͷŤͷ˸߸ߵմŵߡ١ĿƽҲһ
ٵΪǸĶ̬˲֪϶֪ķǳȻʱԵƽɼӦ÷չǱȽ˳ġ
ѪԨ¹¹࣬ȻҲϣȺ޴󻪹
Ͼ޼ҿɾʮɽλá
СݣһϢ
һԵȻ˵һŤͷʲôϢ
ƽ㣬ӽ쿪ʼͬĵЦ
ͬţ΢΢һʱ׹æŤͷޱƣƽ㡭ʦ塭Ϊͽˣ
ޱɫһ죬Ȼ˵ͷʵҲĸĻʦ˼ңҲһܿҡ
ͷһεЦˡ
ݵļƣҪķ̫Ĺܲ²ǧе⡣
һȻǵõޱôһʲĵӡ
εĽ佣Ҵϵһ
ǸһĶݡ
һ佣ϣѾռ㹻ıˡ
һǷܹӳȥ佣ڶ
ӳȥˣݱ佣ڵˣɳȻ佣ڡο佣ﻹһޱƣһϵΪ˾ޱƶŮŪĶͲѿޱĿеĵλǧȻҲܿĳ
ӲȥĴƽͼ佣ͬ
νһ
ܿǣл޷佣ʲô
ֻΪݶԣûκεĻ
ǧ𡭡ʲôݣ佣ʮ֮һķΪͨ
֪佣ڵĹءޱƵΪǼ佣ڣҲǵеŵӰˡǡǧͽһݣݿɾʹĲһˣ
ޱƱʾͲټǧϤĻǰ;ɵһƬ
ֶޱкô飬ݡλܾأ
һԱһ˵ɫ΢ޱƣ³һ
ӣҲֻˡ
һ˿뷨ݵԺУԽԽǿҡһ˾
Ȼðķաȴ佣ڣĴһµУժ
Ҳ佣ڣٺ١СݵĽ㣬佣ڣСȴǱƵʦָ֡ôأԺôƺأੲݵ˵ţ˼⣬Щ˼
ݸһЦ
ԣ㲻ʲô⡣
ޱ㣬ԶҲġ˵ֻǱޱŵġʦ֡Ѿ佣ڸ߲ˣ佣ڹޱƵýʦ塱Ľ㣬Ȼǲ䣡
һ㣬Ϫϣ֮ʱΨޱʱ򣬾Ѿעˡ
䣡
š
Ȼʱ
һĪںȻ֮䣬ݵĴԣǿҵĳ˲䣬ݵʶõʶ֮У
԰ʶ֮УƱ䶯ɫ֮Уһ޴ޱȵ߲ʰ쵷䣬ļȻ֣
ǣ
ݶʱһ䣬붼û룬ָһԭȵʶ֮еͻȻðҵĽɫâӭ߲ʰ쵵ķ䣬ȻϮȥ
䣡
˲˷䣬ݵʶȻδָսܷӳǿĲ֮£âһ֮£âȻ
˲ϯʶ
ȻȻǾƷǽɫâݴĲ֮£˼Ϊǿֻ˲䣬߲ʰ쵵ķ䣬ԼΪԵٶȣȥ
ƣ
Ŀнâʢһȡ֮ϵĽȻǣ˲䣬Ȼ䣬߲ʰ쵵ķ䣡
䣡
ǹ㣬𲻶䣬Ȼɢ
â˲ָ
ռ䣬ָһƬ
ݣȴʶ֮УĿĿǺڶɢ֮üͷȴ
Ƿһ˲䣬Ŀһ˫۾

ڣõⷽˡӣҲסˡ
ݳĬƬ֮¶һ˿Цݡ΢΢ҡҡͷ
һʶص塭
޼˼佣ڣԺ˭۸ǣ
Ȼੲݵ˵š
ղŵıʮֵĿݣߵޱƣûие˿ı仯
ݵĿӹ֮أֿԶĺ󷽡һʶ֯ǧڡ֪Ŀ⣬ʵϣעء

ʦ壬ȷˣ
ǰ߲Զһɽ֮ϣһȺǿߣ۴˵ء
ϵװ佣ڵĵӣ
佣ڵӳͣһ佣ΧƵС΢Щ԰ףȴ¶˼飬̧ͷ˿С


727 ӿ
У佣ڵӡ˷ܵĻʱԭصɫһɢһ۾һæΣ
ǵСûǧϣ
Щ˵
ã
ݶʱ¶ϲɫ
Ԩ߲δ˵ѣͼȻ佣ӵУ
һ˷ܵ˵
ȥʦ𣡡
һ˿˵תǷ˳ȥ̼䣬ʧ
Ŀ뿪ʣµĶ˵һ˵ͷ˵ߡĿȴЩ
߻һеļʱɢ˴룬ʣµֻ벻
Ƭ֮˲һĮǫò˵㵨Ӻܴ󡣲Ҳ޴¹ͼϢҪ鱨Ȼһꡭ
ʦ壬⣬ʵΪΪǫԣͷʱδεĺˮڣҪֱ档
ˡȻȲǫڣȴǲ͵һ֣ĻûֱЩĪˡ˵꣬Ťͷ·˵һꡣ
ʦ֡æӦ
ôˡô˼ˣٽִɡ˻˵
ǡĪ˹
ִ
֣ǫݣûһ˿Ѫɫݲ԰ףڵء
ж˵ĮĿһۣת롭
ʦ֣ǫʦֵļӣ£ֻҲɣ
УһŤͷһʧǵĲǫ󿪿˵
֪
һֱ˵ڵЩ⣬ɹԳǸֶŰ衣µҲ˱˽ǰͬһͬħؾ֮Уǫ֪ͼϢһʱȻ֪ͨµĵӡЩʦڵ£Ȼ׽йͼϢ͸¶ȥǫȻҲҡЩβ֪
ղšһ΢΢һЩɻ
ֻһڰˡһϴżֻЦͼϵεشƵĵӾ͸˽ߣǲ֪һֻ鷳ˡһεʥѡΣֻҲҪܴܵӰ죬޷ʦγʲôвˡߺߣžͽ̿ˡɻɡƵǴһֺ̣ȴû뵽첻ɣ
˵أһˣҲ˹
ȴгɣ֮Ȼһ顣кĵӣΪʥӵλǷǳҵġ
ΪֻгΪˡʥӡɴˡʱִһţǺεȨ
ʶƸִر֮Ϣһϵõ֮󣬴඼ضġɸ߲㣬Ҳһȫ֪ÿһӾЩʲôơ
⣬ѾΪһֳ̬Ҷһֻ۱һֻۡ
һΣȴֻͬΪľ棬Ѿܹƿصĳ̶ȣ
ܼ򵥵һ仰
ҪϢ
ԡ
ֻҪܵõڵˣõˣҲǱǿڵ
ǡ
ˣȴûеõҪĴֵξأ
⣬ȴĲˡ
йĶǣӵĺܡ
֮ܶһ仰һΣƴˡңĺס
Щº˵ɡȻȥ佣С˻ѡ
˻˻֣ٶԡ˻âǰ߷ȥ

ͬһĻҲھǲ̫Զĳ䡣һεǣȴǻ˶
޶ż̽ʶĽҲڶĳһϵļӡõϢ֮ҲΪʦħؾʱϢֱһγԨ߱Ϣ֪Żյܡ
֮£ǫǱȽ˵ġΪλĶֱӱŭġʦ𡱻ˡ
ΣȻҪͷҲȴ˼˵ɣ
ŵ汻ķѣһѪʬŭġʦ𡱳˵
ڿն𣬳ǰ߷ȥ
ΧеĲ֪룬е¶Ц󣬷׷뿪

ǰڵսѾͣЪ֮ȴת޴ۿӵٶʧš
Ȼ棬Ϊͼ飬ѾЩӿס
ʦ壬ʦ壡
ʦ𡭡ʦ𣡡
ǧ¥һ뷿֮С
ǧڴϣ˵ȴ𡣽ţһŷ߷߲ƽĶ
ǧĿšּ䣬Զ򿪡
ֻⲻ֪ʲôʱѾһȺ佣ڵĵӣŮһ鲻ƽڷſ֮ʧ
ǧĿӹݣ˾㶼վá
ʲô飿ǧѯʵ
ʦ̫ҪΪһŮίĿˡ
ôˣǧһۣѯʡ
ڣˣ᪻ĸɣ֪Ϊ£ʦǧΧס佣ڵ뿪һԲϣ֣ѾʮӱˣʦΪҵ
һе鼤ߵĹ
ͼ飬ʱֻһȺΪĵ֪е֮ǰǧϵȴв֪顣еӲ˵ǡ֪Ϊ¡
Ŷǧüͷһ壬ʶʱɨ̼Ƿ֣֪ʱǧΧѾĴΧסһ˫˫۾ĶŹâ˸ڿеǧۡ
ǧ棬вٲ佣ڵӣĴɵĵӶţǹལ
һĻǧüͷһ壬ȻƬ֮ȴֽĻָƽ
ĬƬ֮ͷ֪ˡȥǧеӣֻ׼ǧϡûҵֹ뿪
ʲô
⣬⡭Ϊʲô
ʦ𣿣
ʦ壿
һ佣еӶǻȻһʱɴ۾֪롣
ǧδΪǵĲ֪ŭ¶ЦݵİɡΪһЩ飬Բʱ뿪ʣȴҪ¡֮ǰ˵ˣӦöǵðɣ֮˰ɡ
ǧĻ˶һЩ֪ηӦˡ
ʦ塭ǣʲôˣе׳ŵѯʡ
ǧüͷʱһ˵ʲô飬ǾͲعˡȥɡ˵꣬ǧ֣Զرա
ڶ佣ڵһɻ󡣵ǧѾ˷䣬ѾҲֻ뿪ȥ
ǧڵ佣ڵӶյһѾԷֶҳ˵Щ߷߲ƽһ뵽ʦ˵Ҫ£֮ҪвźһЩȻ˶ʼ̸йǧС顱
֪ߣɿڲԡ֪ߣǸֲ²⡭
ô˵ʱȶ
ǧڷ֮УԹš
ǧۣѾΧˮйͨһֻϣҲɲȥˡ
ʱ֮ϣȴûһ˿ļ֮ɫ
֮ǰѾ˵ļΪ£нȻǽˣҲֵ佣ڵͷϡݱƽͼ佣Ҳܴзֵһֺαż
ȣǸһ¡
¡ʲôأ˺桭
š


728 Ļ޸
һжԵЩƮҡĸо㶼ж
һܿһϷ
񣬽ж֮£СԵЩա
ڴˣͼЩСѾûʲôϵȻҲȫ޷࿹⡣ЩȻҲǿһ㣬ԸɴǱûаκεжֻһԾĵſһϷ
ͼ¹ʮǰݺ½µĵͳڣȻֻһֻң᲻Ѫƴϴƣ
˶ڵȴţ䡣

Ūͦġ
¥ݾĿųֵ·װ塭
ڸղţһ佣ڵӣŵĴɵĵӴ˻Ⱥۼߵƿڴء
Сݡ
ޱҲУ¶˼ֵ֮ɫ
ջĿ⣬ŮŮ鶼ЩǣչһЦİɣһжҵ֮Сֻ֮ҪĴǧڣģԻ
ŮͷȻǡ
̧ͷһߵ٣Ƭ֮ȻЦˣɡȥϢɣȥʦ塣
СݡޱһǵĿݡ
İɱƽ㡣һЦֻҪúõģһоͶˡ
ޱ죬뵽ԼΪϸûκο԰ﵽݵĵطҧҧ촽һ䣺һҪš˵֣꣬ת뿪
ĿͶŮ뿪Ȼ̾һһ¾Ťͷǧķȥ

ãټӿһЩٶȣѺϾҪˣ
֮ڣ֮ɵתšǿ߶ѾǴ죬⻪ҷ֮£Ǿ޴ѺۣȴѾʮ֮˾šۿҪϡ
ȻڲҪ塭ȻֻҪǲ֮ų߲ʺ⣬ͬѩһ㣬ɢӰ١ʲôģû˿
ʱȻš
ڣĳһ̡
⻪Ȼʢԭ޴ޱȵƣ߲ʹâ֮£Ȼ£
ˣ
֧ôʱǿߣ֮ϣͬʱ¶˾ϲ֮ɫ
ɢ󣡡
ƾҲ¶ظ飬һ񣬳ȵ
ǿߴ󲿷ֶѾ˼ޡ仰ͬһ㣬æɢȥԪ
߲ʹ⻪ȻƬ֮󣬹⻪ʧ
ԭܵĺĻҲƬ֮󣬽ɢ˿
Ļʼɢˣ
ںĻɢĵһʱ䣬֮ڶ࣬㶼һ۾ʱ̽׶һڴ֮ɫ
ԭе٣Ҳһּ䣬ǹӾ棬˻ȥվΡ
ɫĻʧ˶սָ峺ԭҵϢƬ֮Ҳƽ
Ȼ˶ңԶĻԵһǿƾնǵĸǰһ¹⻪תû˿覴õĽ׹Ļ
޸ɹˣ

Ҿ֪
̫ˣ
ǿ߿һĻһȻ󣬷·Ҫնһľ޴󻶺˳
һʱ䣬Ц޺ӯս
һޱ˿νצ֮ƾĶԾǸһһѡǿߣڵ䡣
һս֮ѣ֪
Ȼһжһ䡣Ļ޸ϣȫ赲Ļ֮⡭ʲôɣǲ˷أ
սڵƾҲ¶οЦݡ
Ŭûа׷ѡ
ԷԼפءЪϢһգ֮£顣
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٣߲㣬һۣҲԣϡ

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ǵһЦҲվʦῴġ
ǧ˵ͷ׼˵ʲôȻһˣʦǻˡ˵һ˵ɡ
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ǵ֮ǰ뿪İԣҲ󣬷˽
ǵݿȥ΢ԵЩ԰סȻĲ١
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729 
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ԪȻţô˵Ҳǵڰڵݲ쾳Ϊܴૡ
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⡭΢΢һȴû뵽ʦ⡣һʱЩΪѡ
ٲԹɫȴǻһЦˣ飬ҴҲ²ˡݣҲһ֮
΢Щ׼ԡ
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⣬̫ˣһֱûи𰸡ҪҵԼѯͼ飬Ҳֱ׵ѯ
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񣬽ľѾҵѡǵΪȻͣ޳ɣֻһš˵ݣ㣬һˮ֮ˡҵǧ꣬ȵľĳ֡ԡ㾡ĳɳ
ȫ˹ѹԼôõԴԭѾǧˣ
ǧ꣬ѾǼΪ嫵һˡ˺嫵УΪ˾ǸˣȻһֱɴ˱ɿˣ֮ˡ
뵽Ҳипĵ˵ͷԭˡĬһ֣֮صĿˡȻˣǵӱȻʦһˮԴĵ䣬еߴ
֣أҲοĵ˵ͷãˮԴĵ䲢ûзˡ
еպ˵Ҳ٣ڻ˵˵ɡһ漴ȴᵽһʼ˵ĻҲ΢ЩĴǿеĿⶼѾϣ֮£Ҫߣֻ򲻿ܵġҪ뷨սΪʦھͷѶŹƾͼĸ֣е𳤱ǳ㻹бʲô뷨ΪʦҲ㡣ϾͼĶδãҲȫİš˵һ֣صĿݣֻһش


730 ʦͽ̸
ĻݣҲͷһӿֳһ˿ů⡣
ȻԼԲòԼǣһǧĻⷬȴԸƫ̻ݡ
ǧıȻҲûκοڸĵط˵ȱ˼ֹġ
ǧȫڶͼĿǡȻȴʵʵ밡
Ҫ֪ʵ൱İһֱֿƵĲõƣά⿴ȶľ档
ǣһƻ⵱еȶǿҪĴ֮ŭģ佣ǿҲûеһĵĳ̶Ȱɣ
ΪԼϧѶȥǿߡ
Ȼ֪佣ڵĵʲôʡǿߣԾǵƵеһ˰ɣ
뵽ͷĸоһӾͱ
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˵ˣʲôʦԼؾʦʦǿλĴڣʦͽܣһ֣
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û뵽ݾ˵һ仰һɲҪ£ĴǿߣǿǼ࡭
Ȼδأȴֻݷּһʶĵͷȥȴһɻݣǣ
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Щز૵ôᡭѵ·뵽ʲôȻ̧ͷŵĿݡ
ݵȻ֪룬ЦǵġͼʱûȥҲõġ
ŵ˵ͷеĺȻȥȴһҡͷԭ·Щ³çˡ˵ţ¶˼ֿЦ
ԣʱɫʦԲӣʦԵӵĻػõӷǳмӻġ
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İʦаաȴǲһЦ
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Ŀ뿪֮ԭվһ֮Ҳ뿪

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һսƤ˹ֻԭƽսʱѾһƬǽ塣ǿߣȴ淭šʱģһͷͷ޲Ƶʬ屻ȻƶǣѰ޺ˡ
޵ںˣʿԣ൱ԴղһսǧĸƷޱȻܾ˷ˡ
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731 
ˣϾֱĴκһҶѾ佣ڱȼʸˣοļ佣ٲǣܲΪԼһİɣƥﰡȻǱȻҪܵġȣſ¸˵İɣֻ֣佣Ǹݵĵӣõ֮Ĵҡ¶˷
ǽݵľ˭佣΢һЩĵӣҴȴǲ̫Ϥ
ӦǸͨĵӰɣǺ٣Ҳ̫޴ЩҵõͼѾȡ͵͵ˡеһ̶֮ٳҡҲٰɣҿ佣δ㣬ֻݣҲͷˡ
Ҳǡ
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Ϊ佣ڻ֣ȻĴƽֱ֮ΪԷֵףձŴս֮۵֧ߣԷоһʱ̸۲ݡ
֧߶һͬģҲֻһˡݵĵùֻҪͷˡ佣ηӦ
Ҳ֪Ǻǻ֮ڶ̶̵һʱ֣ս
Ҫ֪ۼڴ˵صģɶǴ󻪹ĸС˵һʱ䣬ݵͷѾ쳹󻪹нˡ
Ȼ̸ʱҲֻǽ˳ͷβǡʣȻ֮䣬û˻ݣʲôҪλϵġ

濴ֵǿ۵ʱ򣬶פʵҲͬһۡһ۵ĲߣЩ˿ееĸ
ˣ᪻ţڡ
ֵǣǵۣȻҲͬЩ˵۵һģһڲ²⣬佣ڣηӦǸ߸˵ĽͼǱʧǵļҪĴϾ
˵ֻǹϵܷһϷȻĴԣȴʵʵڵĹغˡ
ÿɶ۵֧ߣĻ޸֮ǾһֱۣһֱҲû۳Ҳ֪ʲôʱиۡ

ʱôʧҹɫ٣ҹע˯ߡ
ǧ۸ѾİıĴΧ˸ˮйͨ˵ˣһֻӬɲЩ˵ʶ̽⡣һ־磬ǧϵ佣ڵӣҲѡȥЩӲӲȻΪǧϣԻ֪ʲô顣ӴʱķΧУҲܸӦֻ²ʲô򵥵飬佣ڣǷ籩ġ
ȻЩ׷ʲô¡ⲢһЩƢ佣ڵӣǵƿڴ˰ǰǧں˳Ҳֻǹˣûٳ嶯ĳȥġ
ǵĵӵҲкֻǿƿڴЦֹҲǶԣֻҪԷ뿪ǧۣǾһд󼪡
ǧ۵棬ɢޣС̧ͷſУĽζʶ²ʲôʱᷢһСģĳͻ
ȻעҪʧˡ佣ڵĵܵǧҧгݣȴֲΥȥ༸ˣǲԸʱ佣ٷʲôͻϾǶսǺͣ͵佣ڵһˡʱȵ˼Ҳ׼뿪ѾǺܵ˵ˡ̫֣յӰ쵽佣ڸ߲жϡɾʹˡЩӶ˾ЩȻǿĺͨ͸
ˣһϣּƽֲƽжȹ˫ҲûзʲôʵԵĳͻ
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ݣ
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ңԶգһȺƺƵ⣬˹Ŀ꣬ǧۣ
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·˵ľһ֪ϷҪˣ
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ڽƾģǵİߡ˶ǳϤյֵನڸ١
ٵԣһԵĿӣƻĿŶԵ˴˴ǰĸį
⡰įԱߣݾŹȻݵĮŸѩ
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·ɢСƣ㶼һ
ЩշȴûһԼϢȻǿΪ֮ԣǴ佣һʵʵڵء
ԭΧǧ۵Ĵĵӣһ״㶼¶ϲɫҲڿأһԷԼĶ֮С
ǧϣ佣ڵӣҲ㶼һĻв֪ǣһݶʱ䣬Щ֪ˡ
һӣڱİ
٣ǧ佣ڸķǧ¥֮ϡңңƣһҲ졣е΢ףüͷ΢壬дżֵǡЩؽҧ࣬дżֱŭģȴüͷĿ˸Ҳ֪Щʲô
鵹ǼΪƽĴƣĿ΢ȴ̾УҲʲôŵ
ȴ΢΢ЦЦǵضĴ֮˵ҲϾͼȷǺܶġκһɵõ֮󣬶пֱӳԽĴռͷɣδҵϡ
ٵҲȽɣЦĳĿ֮иûа־ɫЦŵ˿͸ʵ뷨
ߵԶɡȻĿ֮Ҳûʲô⣬ȴüͷĿĿһԶĴ֮ˣٵЦ̲סһüͷʱ㵹Цĳ
ΪʲôЦ¶һɫЦʦ㣬ûʦô˵ţ°°졣
һȻֻıȻûЦҲԶš¶ɫҪ֪֮ǰɫһֱأý졭
Сӹ龫ԣʧЦЦһ̧֮ͷЦ߰ɣţ˵ģҲӶɣ
˵ţȷǧ۷Χ
һͷЩ򡭡ӣѾӦһεˡѵǴ㽫ͼȥüͷ΢塣


732 ţ
߰ʦ֡
ǧʱĿˡƽ֮ϣҲʲôϲŭ˵֮󣬵Ҳ˳ȥ
һʱ䣬ֻҪɵ佣ڵӡİԵˣǷȥ
ЩܷɵĵӣŶ֪Ƿʲô¡һ仰Ҳû˵ʦųѾ˳ȥȻͣ
ڶԷȷˡΣǱϾ佣ڵӡݣҲ佣ڵˡȻԷҪ࡭佣ڵӣֺ¹ս
޵ǽɱ¾֮սУս
۸սսĴ֮УֻǾսĶ佣ڵӣҲÿһ߶ȥ
ǣɢСĹע֮Уʵڿӭˡ

ĴһھǧλͣնƳ죬ƸǶ
佣ڵˣҲڸոշɳǧ֮󣬱ͣǰȻȻԱȲԷϣȴûаֵиڶԷӴƵӳ£ԽȻ
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·һɢСֻҪΪˣԷеģ㶼ɵ˿У˫ʮҵľԶԶΧš
֮ǰǾѾˣ֮ˣЩСɢֵܲġȻжЩʣҲû˸ʲô֮ʮҵĵطǿΧۣѾΨһˡ
ƾһ֮󣬵ҲûʮǿΧ۵Сɢ޵ˣֱӳ΢˹֣ˡ
ͳ졣΢΢˵ͷҲ΢֣һк
ƾ΢΢˵ͷҲڿףֱ˵ҶЯˣţڵһǰΪ£ҲˡڴˣҲٶ˵ʲôϻ
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һ仰ƾֱ⣬û˿ĳɻס
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֮Ҳգֻ΢Ц⡣ҲΪȻǵö֮ŶԡϾۣ¹֮ˡأҲԵ˷֡
ȻڳһΪ֮ͨСȴˡʮΧ۵ɢС˶С
ȻⷬЩΧߣ㶼Ȼ
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ɣҲˣ佣ĸĴϾǻ˵ʲôٺ٣ЩҪ
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ⷬ佣ڵˣָͬ鲻䣬Ȼһ΢ЦǧһֱǲԲƽĿκϲŭһȴüͷеһһе˫һɣ¶Щ΢ŭ
Щǣ͸ĪˡһţһǿƵ׸˵Ļ
ȴû˿ڡϾڻڶŵУΪ佣ߣʱĵȻǧ㲻ԸҲֻšóȻڣֻ¾Ҫһ׵˾佣ڵӹƣ˵ʱ򣬾Ȼ˲ڡƽ׸佣ͷĨڡ
佣һ˲ԣƾһĴˣҲһ㵡
Ȼһ϶յ佣ǲΪСô˵ԷҲĴ֮һ֮һ湤ܻҪİɣѾó̸е׼ϧǿѹ
⣬Ҳһ·˵ƶȫⷽ˿ԭ򡣾Ϊ佣ڵһʱ͸ܵǵѹ
ȻʱЦһȴһһȭ޻ĸоȫָо˵ܸУ
ƾҲ΢¶һ˿죬漴üͷȴ΢΢һ塭ģ佣ڸòҪдͼǵӵϰɣ
뵽˵أƾһŵȻҲΪô뽫ͼóɡȻͬˣţڵһͬȡ
أĿض
ʵϲֹĻһڣл۷׷׵ˣ㶼ʶİ䣬ȴĻش
ʼһЦεȻҲóǣͼȴϰ
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ȻȻ佣ڹȻ׵طͼҾ˵ƢǳưôкϷˡ
Χڵ˷ܵЦ֮ǰһֱΪ佣ڲ׷ˣҲ㶼۾һ
ƺһЩ仯ˡû׽ͼ
֮ǰѾ˲²ֻ佣ھõͼҲдʲڵġӣǹȻġ
佣ڵһ仰ҲǾһ
ȻҲԸĴսô˵ҲܱĴֱӷҪĺðɣڴ˵ĴΪһ߷Ҳһ߷ˣȻᣬҲûʲôںġó
ν޵ģһͷͨô
佣˶һµͬʱĴˣͷһ
Ȼǳˡ佣ڣȻǲ׵ؽͼ
ƾüͷҲٶһ壬Ҳ΢ͳһЩĮҪдͼ佣ڣ
һʼʵĲϡ
˵ǡϡȴδ˵佣ڡʱ˶ʶĽ佣ڵĴȻΪ仰ʾ˼ǲ佣ˡ
ƾĿһۣ΢΢ͷ
΢΢˵ͷĮڵ
һ䣬ʱڵĵӣһˣڵĶ֮з˳һʱ䣬˵ĿⶼǺĳų˿ȥȻǱͿһΪϵߣΪǱήңɫǻңĳ¿š
ǵ꽨ǫ
ǫĳ֣ȴһ˶˼ɻΪǷߣ죬쾳ˡʱˣĴҪʲô
˶Ĵɺ«ʲôҩ
˵ɡ˵ɻУٿһԻҲĲǫĮ
ǡǡǫ͵ĻӦһȻҧҧǰұǽڷܽʵϣͼǽ죬ǰѾˣңڽĴ֮һīң
ǰͳˣ
ڽ
īңĴ壿壿
Χķһ¶˾֮ɫ


733 ѹ
ǿɶΪǿߣп㲻ʲôĴڡʵ˵ʲôĳĳ弸ģǿǷǳмһ˵ġ
û뵽ͼȻǰͳˡңһǷ⿴ģ塰īҡ
ȻЩˡ
ǫĴһһֱԹ۵޹ŮѩȴȻһĿ⿴ǫһ˫ü΢΢ȻīұһΣ
ǫһѩȻĿע£һȻ£ǹػصǴΡ
ʱڳѩĶŲǫ
ǫһŵǿͻȻԼΪʲôǿ̿־ҡҡͷǺȥġ
ǫȥѾʮ꣬ѩȥ˷䡣һԳƵȴ˸оЩŹ֡
˶֪ѩʱѾˣһ㣬Ѿǧ꣬ȣΪĲǫһͷβ
·֮ǵһϵѩ΢΢üͷʡ
ǫɻˣѩΪͻȻһֱ׷飬һ֮󣬻ҧ˵ͷȷǵһ
ѩ̧ͷ٣ֱӿڵи֮룬Ӧ
ȻҲѩı֣Ժ˵ͷ˵
֮һЩҪѯһ¹λӡи㡣ѩмѩ΢΢ͷֱ˵
Ŷٸˡ֮ǵ˵ͷá
лѩ˵ָֻⷬ˳ĬԹۡ
Ȼֻһѩǫ֮ĶԻֱȽϵͣ߼֮⣬˶ûʲôֻѩƺѯ˼ʲôȻͬ˵һ֮󣬱Ͱȥ˶һɻ
ٵĮڡ
ǡǡǫһӦ𡣵ȴѩԼʲôѵΪīң
ʱҲѾϸ룬֪ԼѾڱ֮ˡȻ֮ǰһιǫĸо⽫ΨһĻˡ
ҧҧڳݽʱʱīҼ٣ʶ΢Щͷ˶˹ȥڼ䣬ɱīǼҪһǾͼ·֮īҼţҲֵķзֶȻס룬֮ˣǣǰţǰ֤Ծʵ
ʱڽڷڣͻȻɱīҡΪ˼ǲʱķԼһڵǰīңһֱڷڵȴϢֱȥ˼ʱ֮󣬷һڵĵӴϢ˵ͼǰȥ֧Ԯ
˵ʶ࣬ͼͷǷǳġʹ֣æ·ص㡣ȻϵʱȴǷ˼޵ʬ壬һַ̽īһɻԲѵīˣīҺɽ֮СѲⶾֵ붼ǲȥˡڷڵĸ
ʱ󾪣æſʶҪҵһˡû뵽ٶȻҵһˣȻʮ־ƺǲʶϾͷį鵤롣׷ϣֻˡڿ˶Ȼ֡Ϊżѣ
˵ǫ΢Ϣһʶ¿һֻۡ˫۾עϣʱһֳһ亹
ڿУЩĿˣɶΪĴڣֵܵ˵ģ
أټǫЩ΢΢һüͷĮڡ
ǫǻһæش𣺡Ȼˣȴ˶Էʶ֮ӻٷţͬŵ洫ʦ֣ٻѰˡϧȻѰҵˣȴͻȻһλǿǰʶǿйرٻ󣬲ӲҪ
ôڸң㵱ʱ̽ˣڴ˵أٵĮֱӿڡ
ڣǰյٶʦʩչٻҵˣǫæص
˭ٶѯʡ
ȷȷǡ˵ʱǧϣǫæص
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ǧֻۣ佣ڵĵӲȥȻʱǫٻѰҵǧۡټ֮ǰ˵ġôֻһˡʱīңڷֵģǳԨ߱ͼģΪݵ佣ڵˣ
ʱһҲԽ⿪ˡǾǳԨΪλ֪£ȻǰīҵЩǳԨǲȥģ
ھ֪ͼΪݵϣ˵̫Ҳܲ²⵽֡ӦþǳԨ߱ЩһЩɱЩȻҲΪСƵʱ򣬾˳ԨߣԲŻᱻְɣ
˵ؾݶ˼֮ǫȻһľ²һ˾ŲʮͬʱҲ˲ȷǫԣǾʵ
ϾĴĿͼҪ佣ַԣǸûбҪߡ
л˵
ƾʱٶȿڵ
û뵽õݵõͼڣѾڵˡƾѯ֮ȴҡҡͷЩε˵ͼϣδ˵佣ڵϰȻǷϣҲϾ佣ڵּǴӲʵӸ˻Ե˵ǵӵõͼҲ˵ĻԵѡ佣ڣӲֶ֮¡˵ָ꣬ĳĴɨһۣ΢һ˿٬
ƾ٣įѩˣ㶼üͷһ壬¶־â仰ָɣζ档
Ҫ֪һܳ÷չȥҪĻ˲šһ˲űȻͼҫۡȻ˲ţǱȻĸ֮ԼõˣȻԼġ˼ҽȥôܣ
佣һ仰ֻһЩйƾĵӣп϶Ҫ˰ɣ
뵽ƾüͷ΢壬ڵڲʱ˲˵ݾĵӣӳͷⲢûʲôطҲٺ㶵Ȧӡ򲻽ֻҪһ仰ѡ
򲻽ֻһ仰ѣ
ƾһ仰˵ԭ˼һΧǣʱһ֪ϷҪϳˣæоĿȥ
ηչǷҪ佣һֱ֮Ĵ
˶Ժ淢飬ڴ


734 
Ŷԭ΢ЦŵƾһвζصµĻ֮ϵЦݣҲڻʧһ˿â۵ף󻺻ĳҪͳˡΣΣ
ƾâһ˱ֱܵһк˵Ȼ֦ͬͬȡ֮һͬల¡Ǿֻսˡ
䣬ƾϵƣȻһţһɺƵưϢʱӿ
ս
ƾͷųĴĵӣͽȻһȣţԼͷŶһʱ䣬ɷ죬ֱʮ֮ΧߣΪ΢һЩģǻһһףһѪ
һʱΧˡһĿתĶų棬һȴеԼ޹Ǿĺܡ
ս
佣һ׵壡ȻϾǾǿߡƾƣȴ˲
ֻĿҲӭŶԷ̩ɽѹ֮ƵӴϢͽȻһ̤
һ·ն˲̤顣ĴΪˣϢǣ֮£һףѪ
佣ڵӺڣ
ͽȻһȣ
ԭͽȻѹѾЩԺ佣ڵһ漴ĿͽȻһ̴Ȼ
ڣ
ЩΪǸһƻͷ˳㿡ʵ֮ϣűص顣󻺻ңǿɾһս
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Ȼǲ񷣬Ҳѹ£ҲȻ˼µĽ⣡
ãŴЦĿоâۣĺϰ˻ģ佣ڣ޵ǽȴǰս佣ڴսĴΣҪ佣ڣֻ˵ϹۣҴˣ
Ŷ˵ĻԽȻ˵˳ңڼʵԶԶڶԷ֮£
ΪΧߵһһɾȴƵð˳
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ǿƵĴɣΪˣûаֵв򵥵ķػǣ
ս佣ڲս
Χڵ嶼΢΢׵ضʣûĺ뵨
ǧϣҲǻĿ֮ǰȻӰѾԷ˵ˣ֮£佣ֻڳһ̬ƣͿˡΪʲô黹ֵֵز
ֻԼۿ΢΢ЩʪϽһ۾ȴѾ΢΢졣
֪ԼѾûа취ȥˡƵȷ˾塣չֻƣ˵ף佣ڵʵڶԷģ˫Ĵ
ʱҲҪЩʲôˡ
ƽ㣬㣬ԺԼúñءݺȻһ˵
СݡޱʱĵĿݡȻȴعͷ΢΢ЦЦ֮ٲɣһݣѪɫǧֱۣӳſжȥ
ޱĿŷ˵ݣǵϹǣʲô취ǡﲻ
һҪ°ޱƾ֮ϣվһᡭ

Ĵ佣ھţĴһ㣬գ˱޿ɱܡȻ佣ڵƣȴͬһ͸ƣȻ
ƾض֪һӲͷû뵽ԷȻѾӲ̶ֳȣ֣֮ȻҲҺս֣治ִ֪̫֣̫׳ա
ΣͼȻ佣Ѿѡսôսɡ
뵽Ŀ䣬̧֡
ֻҪһ£֮սʹ˱
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˶¶Ȼ֮ɫ
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˶Ŵ͡ȻǿѪƽɢ¶һ佣ڵĿӡ
佣ڵӣ
ͷһ
ѵݣ
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û뵽սһĹؼʱ̣ݣȻˡңȻķʽ֡
վмλãȻһƬƽͲѿЩ˲佫һ켶ǿֱɱƣȥȻӰ죿
˶ȻҲڿʼ쿪ʼ͡󻪹н
ݵĳ֣ʹΧǾɲ佣ĴɵеˣҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫǶû뵽ݻʱͻȻ֡
ݶݣʱһ漴æ㶥ס˵ţһҪȥ
ʦ𣡡ȻĻͻȻȴ΢΢һͣΡֻתϴЦ£аֲʵӣ
Ī˵ļ٣ǧˣҲ¶˼־֮ɫ
Ҫ֪ô೬졭оǿߵƽ֮ɲôôġеǿóȻУǶҪ˵ġģȴ·ûһ¶
ô£
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ȻȴδǽֻǿϴЦݣȻȴ˸żعΪϧߵһΣ飬ݳˣǷҪ
վ˵ˣ㡭εҡҡͷȻ̧ͷ佣ڵĸǣǶĿԼȴͻȻһתֱֱһ
λʦʦ壬ʦ֣ʦ㡭ݣʦĵӣһֱ֮ӣ˵ڽ֮ǰǻ֪ôһˣݣҲʶǵеĴ
ǽգΪݵ£ֱԷĴϧһս֪ΪĻݣΪĴ佣ڣʦвһڰ飬ݳˣԣǵһ


735 
ݸ˵ţ鼤һǰδеĹУһȺԭˡʶ佣ڵӺһսʱ򣬾Ѿ޷ܵӿݵͷ
һ׸жˡȻһȺˣһµʱϣжˡ
ԣЩӻΪݡ˭ǣǱжˡ
֪һеԵɣȡݵͼȻĴһͬĻҲ˿֡Ͼƾ佣һĴĵĻѻʯ
ǣһ֮£֪һսʵȫԱ¡ȻɵĺˡһսĻ飬ܲУ£ܲݸж
һ֮Уݱ˾ɱ佣ڵˡһˣһĸ
Ƕʱȴһ໥֮ĶԹ׵Ժţô佣ڵӵУ϶໥֮г϶ġһ̣ȴ϶׵ԺֻΪһ֣ͬһս
佣ڣ
Լɣ
ûʲôʱݸо佣£Ȼҫ
ûҫ
ױȵҫ
ʦܴԲӣ佣ˣȻһʦ֣Ȼαӻ㣡ĴΣѾǲ˳ˣҪսս佣ӵܣӲǾսηս֮ˣ
ҲܵһӰ죬ֻΪʲôԭݼһ֮һ佣ڵĵͻȻĺ˳
ǣ佣ڵӣȻǵõ˱Ҳģ佣ڵģʲôʸָֻţҪսս˭Ҫ£ڹ˵
ʦִ⣡Ҫսս˭Ҫ£ڹ˵

ǵӵһأ佣ڵӾ㶼Цĺšһʱ䣬һ˵ĸо佣һĵ˭Ҳ˵оʲô˭ҲδһоߵĿɿ׽
ǧһֱƽŵӣһ̣Ҳ΢΢ָճȭͷеļȴҲ޷Ρ
֪һ̷ʲôͬҲһµķ佣ɶԣʲô
һҪʲô˲šۣ
û
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佣ڵĵڽţȻƾ٣ѩį˵ݣȴسȥʶһۣ˱˴֮ļɵ
Ϊĸ߲㣬ȻɣֲĴڡ
۹佣ڲǲ۵̣佣ͬҲǲȻ񣬽µ佣ڵӣȻǿѹ֮£ǿ
⣬µģ
һ֮ȴδٹĽͬģҲûóȻĶ֡
Ͼ佣ģͬҲĴԸ⿴顣ݼȻѾˣôٿɡ򲻵ѣǲҪսˡ
뵽ǾĿȥҲʱûд佣һĻ
ݻĿһİףһ̣ǰδеůס
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Ǳ˱ӻ˺ԵɵĹػĸоݵָš֮һӿֳЦݡ
λʦʦ㣬һԣ
ԭԽ߰佣ڵݵĻһҲ֪ôãĽǰһ̶Ƕԣǳİʦܡ
֪佣ڵӲһսͬҲ֪λʦ֣ʦ㲻ڹ˵Ц˵仰佣ڵӣҲ㶼Ц˵ԵʦЦˡ
ǣĴѣλʦ֣ʦҪͼȷϡǡͻȻŵĴЦ˵仰֮󣬾ֱתȴе佣ڵӻعңĴǿߣͻȻ˭Ҫͼ

һ仰棬ʱˡ
˶ȻĿųеݡһʱ䶼֪ηӦ
һ˼ȻΧǣҲͷݺݵһһʱȫˡ
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ѵ׼ʦţͼԼһ
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˶͸ݵ˼һʱ䣬Ȼû˻ش
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뵽뵽ǵЦݱ΢Ц
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˼ȻƬҲ˻شǲٶмЦݣߵǾνǿߣȻΪͼѯʵʱ򣬾Ȼû˸˵һԼҪô˵ţͻȻЦ
Ĵ˵ɫ˲üѿһ仰Ⱥ
ʲôҲʴʣʦʦˣֻǲмѣĴһЩ̲סˣʱ˳ΪҲԼĪҵĳ̶ȣһ仰˵ֱʹ˰УһεǿȻݱϮȥ
Сģݶʱһ䡣֪ԼӵΪҲѡ֮Ȼﵽ˵߲㡭ǿߵĹҲԽ°ɣ
뵽˴Ŀһ䣬λζ䣬ҪݵһС
ʦ𣡡ȴͻȻһ䡣ͷһʶͣ˶ȻʱѾݺݵײݵϣ
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һƵʱ
ݶݶʱ䡣
Ҳ
Ȼ˶ȵǡһȴ嶯ûжһ£ᵯ˵·һƵЦӣҲҲһС
أҲʲôֻĿ΢ӹһ˿âȻ󡭡

ϮǿߣͻȻһҽУ̼԰ѪθȻȥ
ʦܣһͬɵӼ״ݶٱ䣬æһסӿе³
깥ط
ʱңԶΧڣĿݡȫû뵽ݾȻǿᵽֵز


736 Ļ
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깥طǱȽϺϡ١ûСǾǡݿȥϢңȲԼȻ깥طȻǿᵽ̶ֳȣǿߣ޷ܣ
˶ˡٵ˵ϣ¶֮ɫ
ƾ΢һ£Ȼһʽ֮ǰδڹеݡ
Ӳǫ֪ǰӵΪŲһΪѡΪѾﵽ첻˵ȻѾɣ깥ܹ˲ʹһڵǿʧȥս
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뵽һֿܡҲֻһֿܣܽЩ˵ͨ
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ǲŹԼԼֺγҪŹǣ
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ڣһЩչزǿߣҲʼƵƵڴ½ϡڴ󻪹⺣򣬳һ壬еǿߣǰƾҲһ仨ˮǱӡȻ󣬴󻪹˵е̫ϻʣڵһγ档
Ϊǰ󻪵ĵ̫ϻʹȻӵʵɱһ壬еǿֱ׷˺۷
һʱ䣬Ļ̡̻һ˶Ͽɵ˵֡
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ʱ򣬳һЩ֮⣬ȻҲûᡭһݵ佣ڵӣȥ


737 ɳȺ
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ڴʱһĵȴȻ󣬵ȴǼԶɼ˵֮˵Ϊס
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ʱԿεӰÿ˵Ľ¶̤ͬνһģһļⳤ״̤˶Уٶɡ
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ֻǣʲôطأ
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ղһֱ۲˵ط羰ȻûвߣȻˣ
ˣһߣұߡǽ¶̤һּⳤĿ״ͨѧϰ󷨣ݵĿǿǼⳤĿ״ϵĹֱܷƷӦƷ
ⱦȴƽصվˮ֮ϡӦ̻ˡˮ󡱲ǡ
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οԷǴӴ˵еĿռ֮г˵ͨˣҲûŰɣȻ͸ԷΪ⿴ɵն֪ҲϵΪ
ȻΪɳȺȺ˵㲻ʲôǿԷ̫أпΪԶֹԼ²һ㡣ԣֵ꣬ĺǹ


738 
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ҶԷȻΪԼйһιݼһ򲻴ǼԷйһιĻӦûʶǡˡ
ϸһ鼤İΣͷǧתȴȻûԷɵĿʶң
ޣǰΡεĴȻЩôͨ˳ԭ԰׵ݶЩͨʾ֭Ҳֻ˵˸ĿİҪ˼ȫת
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ԱǼˡʶ࣬ݵҲûɱġʶ࣬ҲĴ֮
ݵĻ˶ȻϵıȴʵʵڵУƵ˵ݶʱٱ䣬ε֮ϣӿֳǿҵļ˿Ҳֻͷ
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ԷΪɲ⣬ʵϣԷûнǵȴ˵ǵжѾһˡ
Ҫ֪磬ΪߣĪֽΪ͵ֱӴ飬ɲʲô¶ˣ֮ǰ֪ܶԼʲôطͿ˶Էˡ
뿪ˡ˵λ᲻æ𣿡ݵĳĬ֮һЩǵ˵
⻰һ鶼΢΢һ䡣ȻҲ֪ûֿԡ
ߣȻ΢ɫ֮ȴһҧ֮¶˲֮ɫֻݺݵĵǣһҪȥأôĪĽδߣ˭֪﾿ôģΪ˶ԷеıҲһأԷأͨ˵Ѿʧ˵Ŀռţ˵Էдܣҷؼ壬гϡʱҿǲͷۣ
һʱһ
˲֪ȴƣȺҵӵܡңǺĵӣĸīλȨص߳ϡһΪѾﵽ˰ڵľأ
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뵽Ҳһ
ƿԲںԷıǿɲòںϾǿûôǿӲĺ̨
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Ŀ˿뿪ķ򣬶תȵ˶ȥ
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Űһ·УݵĿȴ̽ܡ
Բ̺죬ˮΡĿ֮ӳһƬƬĵ֮⣬޾ĺ
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ݵ۽ʱ󿪣ͬʱҲԵĸ̾Ȼ飬·Լ佣ڿ鼮ҲνˣЩޣȴû˵
һ뿪󻪹ȷơֺγһֱ߳ǸȦӣڴƾĿǰΪȻǿ󣬵֮гɳָоȴġ
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ٺ٣Ҳһ𺣰ߣ˺ٺһЦĵ˵
𺣰ߣǡ硱۾һ̾а
Ҳֹǿеġ𺣰ߡһֱȽϺ࣬ͨԣֻھ뺣ʮĺżҲһΪˮĹϵЩ԰ȫķΧ֮ڡ
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ȻΪ𺣰ߵĹϵ˵ǳĺãԴдһЩϵõѾ۾ۡ
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־ۻᣬЩ֮Ǿġÿÿĳ˴ʲôϡʱ򣬶ȥԼҳһ١һףҲΪάϵ
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ܿģ̫ޱ޼ʵĺͷ棬ӳճһƬɫ
Ȼ˼ʹϵһֱæµŽԼȡŵԱߵ档ԱЩæµ˵Ҳ׷߹кҲһһЦŻӦ
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ԱߵѾæµ꣬뿪˺ֻ̲ʣ˺һ绹ûŪãŵ˹ȥӷ֮Ц˵
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ˣ֪ˣȥɡЦ
Ҳٶ˵ʲôЦŵ˵ͷ֮½ӵϣת뿪źһƬҬֵС·ȥ
棬ǳΣաһ˵֮ʰһ֮󣬶һʱ䷵ؼǵˣ¼ż
̫ѾѾ΢һ˿⣬ҲӿٶȡʱһҲװˡ
¶Цݣⵣһͷһ𣬳㳯С·ȥ

Сʱķ֮һĸ˾סС̫֮˵ǰ漸СҪϲСĵ졣
Ŀոһɨδʶݵ۾һ
̲ϣдСС洬ʱڿ̲ҬǰһŵӵˣҬڵһС·ȥ
ҵˡ
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֮ϣĵѯʰΣƺֻ˵ѯʣζһԻݸӺεݡô֪Լϵģǡþͻ˵һأ
룬ջûж԰ʩչѻȻֻҪԸ⣬еһһ𰸡ȻδһЩ˺
ԷƲǳȥ֮ɵơ£΢һϵĴ̼пܼơȻԷϳһ˼Ȼ˺顣
ãڼˡҿΪҲңݶԣΪʩչѻ˺һ˿ԷһоûС
뵽еû˿ɣֻнâһһʶʱû·Ҭڸ·ڡ
˻һĽŲ˵ء
һЩϢ֮Уȥ˳
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С΢΢һ¶͵Цݡ
ҵ죬żǽСŮӭ˺磬ԷҲ¶ɵɫ΢΢һЦ֮Ľͷĺˮ
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ڡ
ĿСϣԸоȡΪʶ̽ԷΪȻΪ
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գһ۾¶ɫ
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νǧ磬治СȻЩ棬ݵҲϲ£׷ʵ׵ˡ
Ҳٶ룬ӿٶȣСȥ


740 Ե
СҲûʲôĳСͨΪļ䣬Ҳ֪ںεء
ɳȺ֮СɳȺΪΧĺȫڹɳȺķΧɳȺҲΪĸСȺֱȺϳȺȺԼȺڵλãڵеϳȺؽ硣
ͨļ䣬Ҳ֪ɳȺ󻪹ͬ󻪹׽绹ֵģǿһ㲻׵ĳ׽е׽֮ˣҲ֪ǿߵĴڡȻ֪ĵȽ֣Ҳǳģ
ȻڹɳȺ׽ûôˡκһ񣬶֪죬ҲǿߡǽͳһΪн硱
ҲΪںϣΣ࣬޳죬ȵǿżҲֵܲԭɣǿͨ׽˵УҲ˼ظˡ
ʵϣڴ֮в֮ʱ;ܹн̤˰塱̤еǿߡ
˰塱ǰνµǼⳤİ״ֻƷΨһþܹͨ߱Ϊڲġˮ󡱣ﵽƯںϣжĿġ
֡˰塱ڹɳȺ磬һΪ
Ͼ֮ǰ߶޷Сһ֡˰塱Ҳͷڴи·ˡɱȼԦһСҪĶ࣬ͬʱҲݵĶࡣ

ʱѾСԶĵ֮ϣһСݵС
СûдĳУһСĳлеġ
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ݿһ֮󣬺Ȼѯʡ˵ģȻǸոմѧĹɳȺͨ
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ȻɣһʼԷߵĻĬķһ磬˴ʱȻھĻҡǱصķԣ
κ浹˼¡Ҳ֪ƶԷˣЩ棬Ҳûʲô̫𾪵ġݵľ֮æӦ
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һ͵ĵУûʲôߴĳǽһƬҬֵĸߵ֮ϣƬĽȺ۴αȵšͨ˴ĽֵԵ΢Щʪһż£ִżֺζķСشӿǶˡ
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ȻԷеľǡǰҲ˵ԷʶԼġ
ôʲôˣʲôطʶԼģ
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СУʵϣЩɳȺڣκһ̵ĵ죬ζϾɳȺ˵ҲԲΪһгߣȻҲҪ߳ȥһ
뵱СһɳȺ龰
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򲻴󣬵ȴ٣Ǵ󶼴ءŸ˰İ֮󣬴󲿷ֵľ񣬶ǹ΢΢ĽĶŰΡ
˰壬ѾΪÿһǿߵı־ˡΪҲҪǿߣܲݴԴˣɳȺľȻİ
ĿˣҪʲô𣿡
ڰεĴ£֮һССǰ̨һ߼Ÿ˰İ߽֮һæ첽˹ѯʡ
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ӣǹɳȺ׽ͨûҡϾʯĶǿ߲Żõϣ׽˸ûáûʲôԼ׽˶ԡҲʯΪͨûҵĻôǶԾһѡ
ǿ߶ʯִǿǷǳֲġ֪׽ӵһʯĻôԿ϶ǸˣԻ졣֮ͻ˼ʯȻҲʧĸɸɾ
ǣӾͱ׽ͨûҡӶǿ߶ԣ㲻ʲôĶȻҲͲɱӻ뷨ˡ
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æӹӣҲϻǰ·ʱ쵽¥һ䡭
ǰСĳޣǰ¡ЩĿݡ
ݳ濴һۣ˽ȥĵ޷һŴѡ
μݲδ֣һЩɻߵˣȥɡ׼һǵõľƲˣǵ
ǣ
æͷ뿪֪ͨȥˡ
ţֻʣ˰ݡһλ֮Ŀ⿴˰ΡΣЩվԭأĿݡ
Ƭ֮ݿڵˣ˵˵ɡôʶң˵ţϣٶȲɵĸֳ˼ֺ档
οݣ󼤶ĵǰѵˣһǰռ䡭
ռ䣿һƬ֮ͻȻȻʱҲڣ
μԷҲ£ͷһǰνеҪĳ̶ȣȻ֪֮·ߣһ֮ȴҲֻѡȥ񡣱Ͼе·ϱزٵһαɹռڣа곯ŰιԵֵ׼ʱ򡭡
˵εҲ¶˸п֮ɫ
ʱѽ;ƿݣۿҪʧܣεĴҪ뿪ռ䡣ʱһƬȴͻȻа꣬ڽ֮Уɢһաʱ𺳣һӶ޷ǡ
Ȼ󣬵Щаȫʧ֮Ϳ˽ʧڿУһȺˡʱΪ׵ģҲǷһƬˡݡ
ʱݲδ˵ǿһ֮󣬱ǰοһ֮Ҳȥ󡭡
ʱвٵˡտʼνУҲ໰ֻǸں档ʱƣҲ˿ʼ졣ʱˣֻѾҲʶ֮ȻǶԡͨһʱϤ֮󣬰Ҳ뵱һЩ˽һЩꡣһѯ֮󣬰Ҳ֪ݵ䡣
εҲһ֪ͼ֮רѧϰ˴󻪹ġǰԼҽаΡлл仰ĿľлĻҪݵһл


741 
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αΪһӻûл˵仰һʼлЩźû뵽һΣʱһݡ
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뵽Ŀݣô󻪹ĻͰ͵ĵǰҽаΣлл˵ţһڵء
һֱ˵ݵҲӿһ˵ĸпͬҲû뵽¾Ȼɵ̶ֳȡ
ռ飬ûйȥ䡣ԣŸǲΪռռ䣬һ뵱еκһᡣû뵽ʹһƬİ֮УһˣȻǵԼռһµ˵еһԱ
޳Ҳ˰ɣ
뵽Ҳ˵ͷһһڵصİΣ˻֣ˣҲǡˡ˿ס
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ЩȻĵ˵ͷ󿪿ڵΪ
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ڰ׳ҵľ֮һ޴ıը棬֪Ϊ赲˵ĲѡԱ
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ӵԱȻǸ˴ȥ˲С鷳׷ɱĲҲ΢谭һ¡κΣˣ˵иһǿߣһ׷֮󣬵磬ǻں׷˰Ρ
֮飬ݵִˡ
˵Щεۿ΢΢죬һ˿ŨĻĳԼľΪ֮įȻ
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742 л
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ΡɻУݵȻðһæǰ
ǴĶõģֱѯʡ
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΢΢һ˵ͷʵҵȷȥ￴һۡ
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ĸ˰壬ֻҪߣһɳȺԱ켶ϵƣ⡰˰塱ҴĲƸͿ֪Ʋƴ֡
ңֲ뵽˽׷ɱεˡʱùɳȺߵԡ֮ٻʱһ˵ģƺԳҵӡһר˵һ˵֣˵Ķӡ
΢Щ²⡣꣬ǲǾҵӣңһĵӣ
Ȼ²ҲֻݵԺһǹȥˣҲû⡣
ԶΪȺȺ֮ϣͬҲвǿģͬҲһ塭֡ҡ
ּҡͬҲּͬݰԣڹɳȺĴ󲿷ֵĵҩǳּ֮֡У̽⺣żزٵġˮ衱
ǧµĺѹ֮󣬿֪ˮ衱ĹЧ÷ӵǿĿѹˮ׺һöˮ衱ļ۸һöƷʯ󵹲󡣵һöˮ衱ȴֻ֧Űӵʱ䡣
һ뺣̽գҲôϺüɣһҪżڲǸʮ춼ֹˡ⡰ˮ衱·ҲǷǳġ
ʵϣżֶˣһֱ񶼻û˵Ǹ뵽ż档һΪżΣķһ棬ҲΪżλãܹʱֵԭ
Ҫ֪ȻǾǿߣںǧµķΧҲǲܼ̫ʱġ
Ͼ幦Ѿ϶ʧˡûһǿ壬Уǿʱʱ̶̿ĺԪ֮࿹⡭ǿߣҲġ
ԱǱȺ
ȺԼȺвͬΪûνǿеģֻһƬҡ
Ⱥ˵ɳȺкϳٸ֮ϣٸ塣Щ֮ͽɱ˶ᱦǿһ˭Ҳ
ЩڲԻٺΪΪǿᡣȺǿȻҲۺ챱ȺڶԴҲû˸׵Ⱥ֮ͽ
ԣɳȺǡ
ϳ䣬Ⱥͷ㶦Էչ໥֮ҲǾˮˮȺڲһƬҡΪ඼֮ͽһҲ׵ǡ
һϯ˵ݶɳȺҲһЩ֪ҲЩп
Ȼ˵ĵطнɳȺ˵Ҳ﷽Բеȴʵ򵥡

һ˵һ֪֮䣬ɫǰȥ
̧ͷ˿⣬ѾһƬˡ
ˣȥԵ㶫գǰ˵ġżһɡվ
ǵģǰȻ̸ŨݿڣȻҲᷴԣ˵ͷ
뿪䣬ߵ档
ѾΪ˱˾ƲˡοߣΪ֮ˣҵµľƲ˶ˣ֪֮ͨһ£ֶ
ԳԺȺȣһҹ޻
һ磬αݵĴ£ɳС󣬳Ŷ


743 
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ܣǰ£ˮΣƺȻ
ڵһ޴ޱȵĳǳء
ǳ֮УһӴݻĽȺڡ
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Ӳʣ룬ͷüͷ΢壬ǰˡ
ǵĵգͷ϶˳ֵļΪͻأ˺ѿռǴ˵еĿռţ
˿϶ĻشߵҲ΢Щ仯üͷ΢ĳţƺڿʲô
˲Թɫ߳ɫæĶռѾʧ꣬ͻȻԿռг˵ϱȻдܣܵõϵĴܣ˵׼ΪпܻһʱڼеĵλҲԽȹ̡ڣıҲδؾȥ
ߵüͷʱ΢΢һ΢
ȻȻĬƳȻһһˡ
ûӣ׷ɱε˵еһˡΪﵽ˵ڵơߣƵĸףҵ߳ϣī
հαݴ֮һ˱뿪˵ءƿһ֮ҲЩ°𣬵ҹϻҡȻ󣬾ҵԼĸףյ˵˳
ţֻҪԼԷӿռгֵףٲ²ԷдܡôױȻͲ׵طŹ֮ˡʱԼȥ˵鷳Ϊǿֻյ³ҲùʱһԷԹ˲ϾȻαʲôˡһ棬ϵõʲôܣΪһϢߣƴУҲȻܵõСĺô
νһ˫ˡ
׳ƵҲż˽ԼĸףȻ½һֻᣬҲԲ׷Źġ
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ˮ裬ȻǴȥż֮ˡһԹô࣬Ҳ֤ԷпҪżżģȻǶԼʵмšԼʵмŵģӦöЩֶΡ
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ϵƷʯĵѾ࣬öеġƷʯԣʲô
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ͨɢ޶ԣǼΪ߶˵Ĵڵġ
ǰεϣ¶˼־ȵɫתһ룬ǰռ䶼ͥһһƺҲʲô𾪵ɣ
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ղ׼ȥżɣǧöˮ衭ҰĲС
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΢һüͷ΢壬ȴҡҡͷʲôûõ˵꣬Ҳ΢Щ㵵κȻԱߵݽܵǰһλѣκȻ
ݿһκȻ˵ͷ
ǰκȻȴ΢΢һЩɻĿݡʶʶһ̽漴ȴݶʱһ䣬¶˼ֹ֮ɫæֵκȻǰ֮ǰ¡
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ˡȴҡͷЦЦ㲻˵
κ֣һЩ¡´پ۰ɡ
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Ŷáû⡣κȻ΢һ£漴æصΪҪ߳ڣκȻԼҲڵĺܡ
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ȥĶΪԷСҪǣɳȺֻҲǵ֮ǹ֡ǰζԹֿν֪֪ף֪ˣζʶֻҪ̽ҵ֡ͺڣԷֻҪҵղˣѯʣ֪ϡȻϲɱ¾ѵԺһӾһֱôһû˵˵Ŀ⣬ͬʱǡ֡

ˣ׷ɱεĹƸյˣ
ƸյɫҲЩÿȻҲЩĶԷⵣĽƬ֮һҧǿ϶֪ӦˡԴСֲᵽҪԸô޷Է⣬ѵҲܣֻΪεȶ˶ǰϳȺֻҪھֵϢ֣ˡϾҲǰεĳˡӣԶֻɱġ룬ָǵ˼Ӧһġ
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Ȼο϶ĵ˵ͷż˶꣬ô֪꣬жٵǿ߶żʵϣÿһʱ䣬ĴȺͻ֯ǿߣż֮С


746 
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Уο϶ĵ˵ͷ˵żڣмطδκ˽ĵؽ硣Ҳ֪ô£ÿһʱżУЩԭǿɨĵطֻĪĳһЩĴȺЩǿߣֱͽżһȡĳˡÿʮ꣬֯һǿ߽Сһʱ䣬һνʱ䣬Ӧʮ֮ˡ
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Щȵգһ۾
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һ룬ǧ֮µĺǿ߶޷ֵ̫áˮ裬ȴ׵ļְӵʱ䡭ȻʱЩ̫̣ԵúǼߡֻҪãҩ㹻ǿһֱͣǧ֮µģ
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һ룬ˮ֮ôãҪĻżгЩҩҪߣȴ²ߡǴûжʯˡһƷʯһö¾߶ҪùĵġԡӦҲеԭ֮һ
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ǵƷײߣȴǼΪӴһͷޣȻһƶСɽںˮ֮ҷӴںˮ֮УȻҷһŶ泩ĸоʵ۽󿪡
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Щ޵ĽȻǿԤġ΢ͷųһ֮ûж֣;æˣæӴܡ
Ʒ׵޼Ѿˡںˮ֮УεȻʡϾҲڵǿߡȻɣƣΪڡˮܳΪֵĴڡ
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νһ·ȫƷױȽϵ͵ԭ
Ե˵ͷȷΪɳȺǿ߻ĵط֮һȻǲǿ޴ڵġѹһ·٣Ʒȴߡ
Ҫ֪ڴ󻪹ĸּ֮УɶǡΣķġǿ߶˵Լһ׵ĺ򡭡еΣǿġ
ʵϣҲδС򡭡ôĺ򣬿ɱ½Ҫ̫ࡣ˹ķΧʲô˾𾪡
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ҲһöˮİΣԱ˵
ǧȻڿУȫٷУҲҪһʱҡοǽ뺣ףҪ֪ˮҪԶԶġ
ʱǱȽϿ˵ġ
λãѾȫһƬڰԶ˵Ϊ˵ֺڰǶʵνġǵ۾ȻܹĿԲΧһС


747 ޴ʯ
ѾԶȺ֮ҪٵĶࡣĳ࣬ҲԽԽŹ֡۾ģȫͬ˳̲һĽ֫ŵһ磬ȥ͸ɫг⣬ϳ˼ɫƵģȥͬƳߵ׵
ǧٹ֣һ㡣ʵս
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ڣݶͬȥˣʮˡ·ʮǿ߳ǵ飬ЩƣͬҲЩ˷ܡ
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ڷµʮһöˮ費֮󣬰κȻһ񣬿˵
ҲǾһ񣬵ͷȥ
ǧ֮µĺѾһƬڰټϺˮݵҲֻܿǧ֮ڵľ
ֻ׵ĵطǺס֮һƬƽ̹ӿİγһˮƣԵЩŤƽ̹ĺ֮ϣȴͻأĳһ޴ޱȵʯš
ʯŸʮɣࡣӿİ֮£Ե΢ЩŤȻһΡϵϢȴʯ֮ȻĴݿ
ʯ֮ǰһ෶Χķ󡣶вٵǿߣۼ󷨱Ե
ͨżΧˡæڽܵÿһҪĿƷʯÿһδʮϢʱ䣬Ҳֻܽʮˡʱ򳬹󷨾ͻԶرˡ
ڽšܵͬʱ·Ҳ󡣹Ȼһ㣬󷨵ıߵİڣһƷʯһƷʯֻ֮ʯ֮ϱɫĹâ漴һռ䴫ţͻأĳʯŵλá
ռŵĴСʯŵĴС൱
æкһԼͬ飬ɿǿռ֮С
һ߲ʮˣ˴ʮϢҵʱ䣬ǽ˿ռڡȻǿŵĿռűû˽룬ֵʮϢʱ䣬ռŻʧߵϣȡѾһյĿƷʯµġ
ռÿһδ򿪣͵λöǲһġԣһ˵˴˿ռţǺ˻ŽġʱĿڽ͵żΧɲȴ˵ءӯĸΣ˵ɱ˶ᱦҲǺܳ顣
΢һǻȻ˹
ڱ룬ɱ˵ᣬΪԶԷǱ˼Էᡭ˭֪Žȥ֮󣬶Է᲻ȶ˼
ĿƷʯɢ˵Ȼˡ֮°ȫȴҪһЩ
ʹñ˴򿪵ĿռţҲżѰߣһԼ׵Ĺء
ǽżΧ֮ôأݿ˼֮󣬺Ȼѯʡ
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ԣɺĿ˹ȥ
·Ϊӡ֤εĻأݱͿʯŵһðһռţ󣬴߳ЩǱƣߡ
Щ԰׵ɫԿļ
żΧ޷ȡġοЩǱƣߣٶ˵һ䡣
Ե˵ͷ
һ㣬֮ǰᵽŹ˶ʮö鵤
޷ȡԱ˵Ĵݶԣȴ㲻ʲô⡣
ˣзġѪģ
ʵϣѪɱľΪʵҪǿĶࡣ
ͿԿǿˡ
޷ͨĵطȻҲ͵޷ͨط򡣶ڷ޷õ£ͨߵ¾Ҫʮȥˡ
СѪ£ս˿
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ȥɡ
˿棬ԼĪڵȴšһԽʮˣʵҲҪȵ̫á
š
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α䵽ڶߵС
˵ͷһһżΧõ˺üƷıﰡҲ֪ǵòá
ʲô˵һΣֱѰƷıһǿ׬ˡ
ҪҲܵõƷıǿɵǲˡ
һСһɣΣɲ١ûŪ
¶Ҫô˵żΧҲǵһˣЩʲôΣϴﶼиֻҪ⣬ⲻ󡣡
ǡͷ̫Сˡ
ݣӵС

һͣںЩߴȺĹġ˳еģûڵȴʹôĹ̵УҲšĻ⣬ȻżΧйء
ݺĴܣߵģҲһȤζ
ǧ֮µһ˵ӦǳżڰġΪôһż˵طԵʮ㣬ַǷ
ò˵ȷһֺ
ףΣ
ڵȴĹ֮УһžȵȴȻξ㶼һķȥЩȡӰεԵѺܹ㰡ھʶżΧʶ
תһ֮ȴȻ
ɳȺһôСżΧ߾۵ĵططô꣬ҪһҲʶǲ˰ɣ
ţݿ򿪿˵ˡ
εģһӡӵߣԼĪʮˡʮ˵Ů١Ӹ˴кʱʮ˺Ȼͣ˸ԵģĿⶼ߿Ȼͬ顣
ȻҲ˺ӣԷ֮󣬰ʱһ䣬һ˫۾ĿԷȴδ
һ飬գһ۾Ȼ
ӣʲôѡ񡭡Щӣ
ţҲδԣֻǿšӣҪʲô
ΣҼǵǰżΧһɣã컹


748 ˵İ
ӹЦŰξһ䡣Աߵ¶˼⣬Ҳ˼Ц⣬ЩӵĴŰΡ
ٸ磬˵ģһκ˵ĵõƷİΣ
һ欣üЩɫŮҡˮӶ˺ӵϣŰΣȴЦʵ
ӵ˵ͷŰεЩЦʼɡ
СӣһһӺЦ˵
ǸʲôóҲۣ
һЩͬ顱˼ƺЩԸּεֻһȥ꣬ôҲǿڡ
ԷƵ˶ڡʲôԥģȻǺɵĳˡ
һЦǵԱ߲ٵ߶Ǻĳ߿˹Ʒе۵ʱԲв˵΢һԼ񣬶Щ
ϾжԼ׵ĹڡȻ˲⣬ҲֻԱ߾Ŀţû˵ǳͷ
εɫʱȴѾͨĶǺӣеָڶ΢΢
ŭ˼£ȴĿԼ
˴ǰżΪǰĹϵԷȻû˵ӶԷıżȻӵڡʱ򣬲ΪԼ֦
ţָԽףȴֻĿ˺һۣȴղû˵ʲôͷ
ӼβԼԸ⡣ѵԷԼ˶ڣ
תһ룬ȴ־òԡ
ΪȻôɫȴǳ׳ԼʶԷ꣬δ¹ʲô¡һΡ
ѵΪɣ
ְԲ²⡣
ˣԷֻʣһ߱ٱɱǿɾǻɢˡڶԷη壿
Ƭ̣ӱ㰵Ե˵ͷ
û϶򣬶ԷûɱԼôŭģ
ӵ۾Ȼһ˿ɱȴƵĻڡ
Էû˷ֻʣ±ˡҲ˵ƷǺпܾڶԷϵģ
Ȼв֪ƷЩʲôܡȻǶԷѾǱԼȴʮˣѵ˶Է
Ʒﰡǿǿġ
뵽ӵӶʱת
Լֿ϶ǲеġϾ˵ز໥ɱǶγɵĹءҲóȻĻء򣬵ʱõƷԼҪΪʸ֮ġţƷ뷨ģԲֻһ˶ѡ
ôҪôȿԵõֲ´ԼĽأ
۾΢΢ͷ΢һ֮۾һ漴һ˿Цݣȴ
ֻϾһЦãң
εͷȭͷźᵽµȴȻĬ
ֻһͷһΣΪǰżġǰԼЯ֮֮ΪԼ飬ǰ֦ڣ
ԣĬš
ȻԷһ仰ȴЩѹƲסԼ
ûţٺ٣ѵЩ˼ôȻЦһ˫۾Ѱʲôһ㣬һЦţһ߹̾ϢʵЩһһֱͦġˮ۵ġϧϧ
䣡
εӺȻ
Ȼ̧ͷһ˫۾Ȼ˳ɫĶźǵЦݣ޲ȥ֮˺ƬһŨɱ뱩ŭӯؿڣը
ٸ磬ʲôŰĸɧ갡ԱߵŮһԣ׶Է˼ʱϹζŤһǻĽغ
ʲôɧ갡㵱˼أ޺޵ץһŮӵĽΣĳһЦȴǹ˵˼ҿ˾ҡʱ˼ҿɻǴŮء
ᣡŮӶʱЦ̬ģ̬ˡǹЦ
ε۾ȫһƬѪ죬յָġһ˿ѪɫΧĺˮС
٣ҧгݡ
ãȴһЦŰΡȻȴڴ
ڴԷŭȻ󲻹һеԼ
ʱ򣬼Ⱥ֮֮ɱȡԷϵıκˣûнˡ
ȻЩǣҧгݵĺһ֮ȴֹ˳ĬȻĶԼ˫еŭ⺣Ȼɱ档ǣվԭأ·ŬĿԼ
ΪʲôҪԼŭѵԷԼ˼
üͷ
˴ʱһֱû˵ֻǾԹŵݣȴ΢΢üͷ֪ԷĶԹԵʲôˡ
˰һۣԷı飬˼еԵɡ
ӣԷǲΪ飬ԼܵӰ죿
뵽ݵĿҲ΢΢
էʵǲôĴеġǣⲢʾݾûһˡ
νӴʱ䲻̶࣬ղѡʱ֮УȴѾǸʲôˡΪԼ飬ϧҪԾһŵõΨһһƷﻻȡƷʯֻΪԼ㹻ıˮԼ鵤ڣԼӵĳǰֻΪӰ쵽Լ顭
ôԼΪβһ
뵽ݵ۾ٶ΢΢ڻڡ
Ρ
ԭʢŭ֮УȴȻѹԼİԻһæתһͷԲǰǰγ嶯ˡ
ûʲôԲҵġȴ΢΢ҡҡͷ΢ЦԲӡ
λһ̧ͷݡ
ݵĿҲ˺ӣΪ㣬ԸѡԱҲҪΪ㲩һ·ˣ̸衣㣬ΪһĪɣֻǡİˣͿ衣˵ǶԲҡǶԲ
εٶصһŵĿݡ
ݳ΢΢һЦȥɡˣеʱܷµģһǡ
εӻȻֱһ˫۾ҲȻ
ǰˣʱܷµģһǣ
СţΪԼһɵѡԱֻΪ谭׷ɱԼƬ̡ʱԼȴԼ棬Ŀ֮£޼ɵСŵ衣ЦԼΪסԼŭǰǰȴû뵽Լǰˣ
٣еɱû˿ĿƣڵйĶ΢ЩȵĿݵĺӣɱҲ޷Ƶıŷ˳
գұҪѪϴˢСŵ裡
һ֮󣬰ҲƲסԼǺӱǳ˹ȥ
֮£ˡһʱһӿڰĺףһɫ⻪


749 ɱ
ͻȻ˵ú΢һȻŰεһǰԼ֮ƽݵĻٵУȴȻӿ𼸷ֲõԤС
ǰʲôǰ
ٺȻ֣Լƺ©ʲôתһ˼֮󣬺ӺȻ
Էֻˣ
ˣ
ζʲô
ʲôˣ֪ܲԷżҲһˡ֪ܲżգȻʱԷڷ֮£ֻ˵֮£Ȼڴ˳żΧĴԣ
˵ʲô
˵ȫţƾˣȻܹƽĳżΧ
ηˣʵôȻͲһνżҪսôΨһпܵġֻԱߵȥǿһʼ˿ûп˼˰
ٵɫʱЩѿ԰׵֮ϣ˼ֲ֪롣
ԤУƺߵʲôˡ
ȻʱѾûˡΪѾһ֮󣬳˹
֣սپ
ٵҲǸȻ֪ߵˣԷѾ˹Ȼû˻ءһҧȿڡ
Ǵ㽫ߵͬ鶼ˮǷӦ֮ǰ
ٺġͬ顱ǻع֪Էǵʱôǳֵļʣ޵㣡
Щͬ顱ʲôˣٿˡ
ȻҶ֣
ȻٵЩͬ鲢ûٵԴתĿ졣һ֮ԭôһ˿ʱ׵ԺһЦ֮һӰͳ
㣡
ȥҲһڵߣЦӭŰξײȥ
ȻĻոأ˶ûȥԶֻ۾һţֻһҽУˣԸٶȵ˳ȥ
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һµıʿ쵽˼¡ΧΧߣһȻ֮ɫţͿ֪ʲôʱһӰѾվ˺˵Ȧڡ
ݣ
˵ݶʱȻ䡭ǵΪôȥģ
ݾĿһݴ䣬һЩûлعͬһۣ󵭵˵飬òҪ֡
ĮȻȴһͬ䣬쳣
ֻһ֮󣬶ʱǣǵġǰǰ
Ҳû˸ǰˡ
ҲÿǣǽĿ⣬˰١
ٵϣûһ˿ѪɫҡεĹȻˣ
ֻǿͷ壬ӭȥ
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䣡
һ죬Χĺˮ˵׵ɳʱܡ
ݿһ֮һ뺣סһΧߵߣҲæ׷뺣ףںˮ֮Уս֡
Ȼɳȥ֪ǰ֮ٵһͬȻûٸǰ뺣ף֮ȴҲû˸ˣСղߵŮӣҲǹԹԵ˺ףݵ󡭡
ûڣǶߡղһ˲ݱֳսɱҪǿ̫ˡ
ֻǵ鶼Щʱʱ·УҲżԹԡ
Ȼǽٸˡ٣ǲǵ֪ǳ
˵Ǹεǿߣ٣ӦҲϰɣ
뵽սȦ֮⣬۾ȴƽݡ
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ڸղŰƷ˼ˣǰҵš
ǵʱ˵Ļô³ǲԶġ

ڶ߶ΪĲ²Ҳᣬ·ս֣ȴϵĿ񱩡
ζٵĺѲһ졣գٸҪεķŭ֮˵ĻǰԸġѹѾõŭⱬǰģ
ֻεйĴ򷨣й޷
ٱΪ൱ǰЩʱոո˷ΪȻһȵ½£԰εĹƣӦǿԺɵӦԵġ
İƾˣжǱ˻˵뷨ټΪͻȻǿǿᣬٵͷ壬ʧ֮£Ȼ޷ӳǿսһʱ侹ȻǱαȵˣüζˡ
ɫâɫâףǿߵսķԲﷶΧĺˮǰӿȡˮ׶һƬС
쵰
ԽԽܵ٣һβ㱻һȭͷԴǼⱻ˵٣ڱ˺
Ҳһ߷ѣȻǲŹӣǾɣѵٻǣ
ҲǺһҪԼļơټһ뵽Էλǳ֪ġǰ
ֻԼҶһˡȻˣԼʲôõĵģ
Ҳֻһ߷ΣѾˡⱾһֻܱһˡô㣬Ҳûʲôµģ
뵽û˺֮ǣҲֳĺɫ
ΣҪҵҾɱɣ
һƶʱһԭ˵ʱһĳ̬Ĺ
һȭڵĳ˹֮ǰٿ»ѡ˫ֵֵȻʱ֪ȻһȭͬһȭֱԷŶȥ
ǿߵǿһȭֻ֮ͬھ³
εɱ뱩ŭûĶ࣬û뵽ԼǱԷķսԼԷȴֻһ
Щû롣ֻһͷ
ɱ۸ʲôۣ
񱩵ۼڶ˵ȭͷ֮ϣƣףһƬҡ
̫ɵˣ˷ʱƴ˼ˣһԼˣǿɾˡ̫ˡ
ٿе߶ҡҡͷ̫侲ˡһսֻѾû
󲿷˶뷨
ȻмٲֵˣȴڴʱĿͶһ򡭡
ͬΪ֪εġǰӲô
һ֮˴𰸡
Ϊ
ǡǰѾˡ
ȥɣ
ۿԼȭͷҪ䵽ϣٵ¶ɫ
Ȼš
䣡
һȭݺݵĺˡǣȴ㵵ķ֣һȭȻ·Ǻʲô᲻ɴݵ֮һ㡣Ȼ۾Ϳһֻ޳ƣεĸǰԼȭͷ֮ϣ
ʶŤͷȻˡ
ƵˣǰοУĪġǰ

䣡
һ죬ٵȻһδſȭͷֱֱĻ֮ϡǿǻǹİȥ
ѪʱٵĿп˳Ѫȣ˲
Ϊʲô
ٵ屻׷˳ȥȻһ˫֮УȴŨĲ֮ɫ
˵飬òҪ֡
ԷĮĻ·ڶʣʱԷȴȴ仰
ĿĶݡ
ȻȻκλش𡭡


750 ʵ
һƬž֮Сǵĺˮܣһ˿ŨѪζҲĵһ˲䣬ˮЧҲʱɢǧ֮º׵Ӵѹʱѹ࣬Ѫˮ
δͷվԭء΢񣬳ڵס˿ı顣ݣǾվ࣬
á
ǰлл㡭Դ˻Ƶ
ҡҡͷĶԷļȴδٶ˵ʲô
֪ٵ˶Էӵһ֮ˣʱ˵ʲôûáõķʵʲô˵öԷĵԼɡ
Ťͷȥ
ղŵһս׵߶ˣ߶ǳ߿šедżֺ棬Щż־ȣҲеĴżӡ
ǰǰԣԲ𡣸գղðˣǰ
ղͬʮˣһ˵һλ֮⣬ʮˣȫվݵнݵд벻
ĵŮӣŵɫ԰ף˵УֱݣǾ֣Ҷ
ղΪٳεģɾˡưεΪ꾫

ݿŮһֻۣŵöԷһɪɪȥǿ
Ҳֻǿһ۶ѡŮȻɫݶʲô뷨ݵĿ⣬˿˵ˡ
ˣһ˵Ϊϵһˡʮҵ꣬뷢԰ףͣ̿֡ݵĿ֮Ҳ̲סһݲ԰һ֣վڵأȴԶ
ݾĿһֱöԷݽĲ԰ףζЩ֮ŵĵ㵹Ǹˡ
߻һֵĿݣԷĮ֮󣬷·ԼеһУֱӱ¶˶Է۾£ݶʱ԰׵ûаѪɫ
˿ڣֱӾϴģûκεķϻûнеĴ󶼹̵ٵϡ
Ҫ֪һ˲ࡣͨ£󲿷ֵʱ򣬶ֻ뾡ĽԼ¼֮ժȥӶе鶼Ƶĳһ˵ϣ޵ĺԼĴ󡣶Ǵ󷽵ĳԼҲд
ڸղٳεʱһ仰Ҳû˵ȴЦݺԴվԭأȻû˵ȴվһġ¼Уһ仰û˵һû
ʱһھͱԼˣϣԭ¡
ò˵ܴ
ǿһˡ
ղݵĻһֱ࣬ǰվһԡһ˵һжȴУͿԿݲһϲ˵ϻˡֱֶ֣ӻɱһˡȴûнһȫɱ˵ҲһҲɱ֮ˡ
ֿƺֶϻ࣬ԼߵʲôҪֱӡдǾϣģǾ˵
⣬õķٶ˵ʲôжεĻöԷ
ԣھֱϴ̬ŵĺֱܵͣġ
û뵽ȥ겻󣬵Ϊ˵Ŀ꣬ȴ·һ۾ͶСĻڶԷĮ֮ͫУԼͷ·ͬһŰֽû˿ܿԣ
Ȼʧɫˡ⺣ףܸоһ亹ı˳
߾ֶ飬ҡҡͷʵԣЩ˸ղžα֣һҲ⡣ϾǵˡӣȻˣͲκһڡ
ǣϾǵˡ
ԣҡҡͷ֮󣬽ĿջأĵҲǵˣĵĻض˵԰˵ɡ
˵꣬ɿڲԣվһԣ·Լһֱֻһˡ
ݵһ仰ʮ˫Ŀ⣬ʱеһһֱͷվԭصİϡӿֳĿ
֣͡
߿ĿŰΣŽ֮ɫ
˵ˡԴ˻Ƶ𣬶̧ͷԼԿ۾Щ죬Ȼղᡣݣǰ
һ㡣ݲ˵꣬һЦ
ллǰεд˿˿һ˫۾ݣҲŨŨĸм֪ݶĶ飬һӣ޷ˡ
һЦδ˵ʲô
󣬰εĿ⿴ʮˣеĿ֣εͷȴӿһ˵ĸд
Щ˸ղ⳰·ǰ˿̣ΪǰĹϵǵ飬ȴһСġһжûб仯Ψһ仯ģֻԼߣӵ

ԼСôԼţԼЩˣ֮ǰһ㳰Լ
һУΪ
ǿʳǧŲ
εȭͷšûʲôʱ򣬱һ̸оҪԣ
ȻֻšȭͷĿӹһ벻ʵĵ߰ɡ
εȴʮ˵۾ͬʱݣЩȵĿ˰һۡ·ʲô¶οЦݡ
л֣л֣
ʮæмŰǿɺԼɾڰεһ仰С
飬ꡣ
Ȼǻûü˷ܵһ仰ȴǵݣʱ΢΢һ䡣
εĿĶǣգĿͶĵŮӡŮӵɫãЩ֪룬۵ִżŭ
ҽտƾǰ׽߷һǳĲԣյ裬Ҽ¡гһգҰλһһطǡǡ㡣ĶŮӣлһ˿ɱСŵףݲŮۡһȥġ
ŮԹһ֣ʱһؿڡֻΪԱߵȻ״ţԼĸұֳʲôĻϾͻӾ˱ɾˡ
ƺЩˣʲô취˼ʵȻռȨ֮䣬ȫԼ
ŮʲôҲû˵˰һ֮󣬾ʹҴתϷȥ
ʮˣҲٶ˵ʲôתۼ䣬׷뿪
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ݵ˵ͷΣ˿ռС
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εʱıҲż־̧̾ͷܵľ£̾һżΧʱҲǱһء
Եĵ˵ͷ̧ͷԶܡ
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ݵüͷĸЩɻ̧ͷ߲뵡֪ô£ܸоⶫЩ֡ͬģҲЩ졣
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ȴݵ۾ʱһŤͷȥ
һӴޱȵӰһ磬Ȼ˹


753 ҹ
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Ȼıʣðֱһɴ۾֪ηӦ
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εĽݻعһ󣬼λǺܽţҡҡͷû¡˵ţվһš
ÿֲĻҹ⣡
Уӿһɾ


754 ż
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ȻɫâȴЩŹ֣ײһ˲䣬ǹӿڲƻȻݵѪ˲ӿ޸ݵǹȴҲڲͣƻš
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ЩֲΪǿᣬȻһЩĶ˵в˶רŽ߲ڣѰҿֲҪɱ֮ȡһЩܶΪõĲλº֤ǲеġ
߲һɱʩչĳһּΪֲ֮ͨ󣬶Īʧ·𡭡·֮һ㣬˭Ҳ֪ȥʲôط껹һЩǿҪѰʵףרѰЩֲҪһоʧܶաЩֲƺûʲôǻۣ˹֮⣬ǵκνƾǿ֮ˣҲĪʧһգ·ֹһ㡣
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ǿֲҹ⣬ҲһЩӹƾѪԶκյĳ̶ȡĪĶ̫ˣĿǰҲֻǱɽһǰˡ
ǰղʲôֲôμ̾һҲָ֮ſѯʡ
šһ֡ͨɫƻͷжǵ֪ôѯʡ
룬ҡҡͷ߲Ŀֲ̫ˣ˭Ҳҿ϶ȫǰ˵
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ʶĵͷȥ漴۾ʱһϲǱĹţ
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ֻ߲֮һҪϽִżҲû˿ĵ顣һ·Ҳȥʲô߲뵣ٶҲȻ˲١
һ·Ҳ˲ٵߡЩߴʮ˳СưģȴǺ١ߣȻҲⲻһЩ
ѾżΧȴǰƽˡû˻˵ʲôɱӻȻҲǺ顣˳Уٲûп洫﷢ˣȴǶ˼
ȻҲǲԶġѣȻѡ֣ȻҲǶ˵ϻ
ֵһǣֵ˵Уǿһ˾ȻڵΪ
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Σ𾪵Ըӡ
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żڲıﶼȡˣͨһµľȴ֣ÿʮ꣬żִֻıԣŶʮ֮Լġ
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ǰɳȺǿôΪһǿߣȻҲŹżĵطˡŵҵǿʵǲǿҲһġκλǿƢȴǹŹֵĺܣڹɳȺֳĴ£ŪҶǼɹģҵǿȴҲλûа취Σһŵġ
ÿʮһۣ뵽żģֻٸǿУʮ
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硭ʲôˣʲôıϹ壬ôᱻӡϹ壬ȫʧأ
ЩһֱݺĽ
㼤֮һ˷ȥϢɡ
ˣл꣬лꡭȻЩԳ֡Ҳѹ֣Ͼ¹һֱͶԼݳʡҵ˲л꣬пܻõʧȥļ䣬֪Լݣܲ
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뵽ֺγ뵽һ뵱꣬ҪԭϹвȡΣΪġƾԼҪշǳ˵Ρ
ȻҪԵķл꣬ȵʱķҪǿ֪٣Ҳ֪л꾿һƢԡ˵ģͷҲûЩûס
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˵ţ˽ȥЩֵĿһۣҡҡͷ֮Ҳæϡ

ǰһΧ߲λðâȫʧȡ֮ģһƬڰ˸е·¶Ҳ轵˼֡
ͫ΢Уǵ˹ȻĶߣһ̸
ǣѾ뿪żΧصǧ֮µס
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˵ָֻ֮һʱһĪǻɫʯͷһѶǿʯͷҲʱʧѣ˷ĩ
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⼸ˣǵ׷ɱεĹƸյˡ
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Ѿ˵ĸīѾǰϳȺ̽ϢõƸյ˴ϢҲһȻɵı㽫Ϣ֪ī𡣶īõϢ֮Ҳͷһϲ
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ϾܹͨƾճֵϱȻһܵġΣҲпĳزϢ飬ֻҪ֪˵ˣ¶ܻסɣ
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ƸյʵȻԸġϾǿɶδˡһȥ֮󣬸պþ˰ô죿Ʊǿûκּۻ۵ء
εµ׵ʱѾνżΧĵˡѡһ䣬һֱĶСĵĹ۲šһ浣ĶԷƤӵߣӴпҪġһȴֵİȷǣȻ³ͷʮָӡ
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ãǹԲˡǴϢҶԷδǡǵȴˡ
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ȥԱһһû°ɣﵽ棬ȥҲҪһʱʱһǱԷˣһ˵»Ҫ˴ɱҪȥȥҿɲȥ˵ҡͷ
֮Ҳεĵ˵ͷʵۿǿߵķɣǿֻʲô³һͬԣҲʹͷ
ȷһʱ·һжпܷһԷԼˣпܻᷴӦʱӺֱ뿪ǿߣҲ޷ˡ
Ͼˮ֮УʶҲǻܵһӰġ
Ǿʱ֮ٳһԵĹƸڿһ֮󣬿˵
ˣ㶼˵ͷ˵Ŀ⣬ֲɵĿ뿪ķλ


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ӺϺ棬ٶҪȴӺǱ뺣׿ࡣһ·ϣٶȼ졣
ݲδ׵͵飬ΪɳȺʲδκǿˣǰջɱ˵һλ֮⣬ûмȻΪʲôҪʱʱָ̱̿߶Ⱦ衣ҸҪǡһ˼Ϊʯգʱʱʱ̿һֱעЩע
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ƻȻλվڵģǾһҵԺһݻĸ¥ڡ
ϣϢˡվƳԱһ΢΢ŵλһˡ
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һ֣ʵǿҡϡ֮ʵϣ֡䳤ϡġ䡱УǼҲָֻţҪԿ֮ݳȻ
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ӾżΧ֮ϵĺǵٶȫеĻֻ費ʱ

ЩȻһ˵İˡ
ʱһ߸·ȴһ߳˼Լһ׬ȡʯļƻȻ˼ǰȴЩôס
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һʮƷʯǵ佣ھԼҪʯ
ʮϰǧ򡭡аڶʱõϾ˵Ʒҩ㹻׬ôʯ
һʮڡȴЩ̫ӴˡƷҩҲ޷ʮʱ׬ȡôʯ
ϾԽǸ߼ĵҩҲԽѵá˵ûңмˣ
һö˵ƷҩƣöԷϡ˵죬ҲһƷʯļ۸ɣϾһöҩۣҲһڰˡߣҲԼģƽ桭Ѿ㹻ˡ
⣬ֻ۶ԡĻ
һסɢޡʲô˻ϸƣ
ΪģŲ˼ҡΪ͵ģ˼Ų
ԣ뿿Ƹڵġ
֮Ǿͼ򵥶ˡǿƾƷҩˡǸʱһʮڣҲһöƷҩļǮѰ
εš
뵽ҲЩΡһʮƷʯһȻĴ壬ԣҲ㲻ʲô
ΪôΪԴѵð
һ뷨ϧ̫ټˡƴĻҲҪһЩ¶ˡ
뵽˴
㹻Ļôʮʱ׬ǮҲһ
ϾѾʧۣǾ¢ϡʱλ˵㣿
ңж֡㴫Բ˵֮ôһ鶨㴫غܶǿ߶Ը⹺ġϾ࣬һԼԶ룬Լļȴеǿ֣ԼõϢȴ֧Ԯأôһ鶨㴫һоͶ˵ˣ˲Ϣ֮䣬ܸϻؼУǿС
˵ߴӵţ⵱ӦҲ֮ˡ㴫󣬾ܺõļǮ
͸˵ˡһҪһ󣬴ʱһ߱𣬿ѾΪƾˡͼڣʲôȱҲȫҪСֵΣ֪
ϧһУҲֻˡûһжǿ̸
ԴЩۣʮڣһʮƷʯʵеһǰδеѹ
ҡ⻹ѵġѵǡ
ݻϻȥܷʮΪһܴ⡣̸ʲôδҲ̫ˡ
ôӳ飬Ҹط̸̸֮˵Щʲô취
ʵȻ࣬׬Ǯⷽ棬㲻ʲôо֮Ϊ켣ɳȺɢޣⷽľ·Ҫǿֻǣûо·Ҳˡ
üģٴηһöˮ̧ͷȥ
ΧȻһƬڰܸоˮ棬Ѿûжپˡ
ǰַöˮ֮ݵȻһЩȵ̧ͷȥ
Ƭ֮ʶһ̽Ȼüͷȴ΢΢ɵͣ
İһֱ֮΢΢һҲͣ˽ŲɻĿݣǰôˣ
̧ͷź淽üͷ΢Ƭ֮ȴȻһ֣жһƿװűˮǸ
ݴȡöˮ֮󣬽ıˮݸ˰ΣֱӵΣգֱӴӺ뿪ϴξסļ¥ҡ
һЩĿݡЩûŪݵ˼
ݼ飬ҡҡͷһ׷ɱļ˵һˣǿŵģӦ鷳ġֱӴӺ뿪һʱ׷ġ
ʲôεʱһ䣬ŵǿߣ


759 
ߣԣֱǿֲޱȵĴڡʱ򣬿¿ԿһһȻҺп鷳ɫʱͱЩ԰
ݼ飬ȴҲֲ֪ϾΪ̫ԶˣЩҲġ
˵ͷˣ뿪Ǹ¥ҡ
ǰѱˮ趼ң㣬ô죿æѯʡ
ȴһЦ̧ͷϷҪȥǡ
ʲôζʱһǰǿǿ߰㣬㡭
İɡȴǵȻһЦѣͲҺΡˣ˵ˣ߰ɡҹ·Ӧûǵͬ㳯б·ȥɡʶΧԴﵽİҡں»ҪһЩǱİ֮º󣬾תӦ׷㡣
ǡɫ԰ף漴ȴһҧУΪҵĹϵǿߡΣβǰȥ򡭡ҰλʲôˣǰȻִҪȥͬһȥ
˵仰ĸοóεȷ֮
ݻҡҡͷֱԵΪ̫ȥҷŲֽšİɣֲǰ׳գûаյĻȻѡһͬ뿪ˣ˵ˣҹͣôһǿ϶ѾЩˡ뿪͵
ǡλ˵ʲôݵüͷ΢΢һ֮Ļȴ˻ȥԥһֻ֮һҧݵǰһСġ
ݵ˵ͷҲٶԣת·Ǳȥ
ĿͰ뿪̧֮ͷϷƯȥ΢

׳ĺ֮ϣ߸֮£ĵӰڵաȻʱеˣ鶼΢żֹŹֵӣ
ԱߵҲ˵쳣΢һϣôˣ
ϵҲżֹŹ֣ĬƬ̺Ȼѯӣ˵ġǿߡһݿŰȥΪӣ
Զʱһȵϣô֪ģ
֮˵ͷû
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飬ƶٸЩԾɳɵλϡôˣ
볤ҿһ֮ſЦŵӣεЦˡȷؼֻ֮¡˵Ҳͣεҡͷ
ɺһǵġ߳ϡһӣɳǿߣΪȷһû뵽Ȼ
ЦȻȴһĪæ׷ʵʲôЦ˵ʲô˵˵Ҳһ˿ŭһأﶼЩϰˡ
볤ϼԷ飬һ̾ӣ˵ͨռƾնֱ˿У˵Ļ㲻ģΪȫ͸ǰƺʶˣҲ˵һŹֵĴδĻ֮˱ǽֱӴߣǷġ԰ɣ
üͷһ壬ֱԵȷˣ
볤ȴһҡͷɸղͬһ˵ʶ֮̽Уû˵ĸʵֻһڵͨ߰˰
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ȷԼûƭ˼ʵϣƭԼĸףԻʲôô
λϣҲûƭԼıҪ˵ԷΪڣǾһյģ
˵Ļôʲôط˴
ԴתȻһ𣬵һʲôſԼΪ
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֣صĵλϣšҲǸ׳աƭףʲôô֪ԷʵΪڵĻҲò鷳Ϊϡ⵱УȻһЩŹ֡
λ֮üͷһѹȷһ˵Ҳȷˡ
ʲôɣַʽƭǣһ˵ĸɢޣ֪ҪȴʱҲЩη塭ȷԲд
ȤˡѵԷʲôܣ
ܡǰѾת뿪ֻһ˶ˡ᲻Ƿǣ
ڴʱϵǿһæӦ
ȻˣѾһˡΣѾת۷ȥ
ӦǲܵġӦʲôԵɡȿɡ
һֱû˵Ĵֲ׳ϣĿ⿴һۺ֮ȴ˵
ǰιܲܣ
ڣˣҪ⡣뿪ǵĿ꣬һˡϿһ֮󣬿ڵȻ
ҪȻĸȥ볤Ͽ˵
룬ͷҲá
볤ϵ˵ͷҲٶ˵ʲôֻüһ壬һâֱû·ĺ档ٶȿ쵽˼¡
˼ڿеȴ

ʱŵĺܿ죬ʱΧĿռ䣬ѾһƬһƵ͸ˮҫ£һȺȺӴںˮ֮бŶΣһůϢ
绹̫ڰˡ
ټĳҲ³һǧ֮µĺײ⣬żΧȻ߲ܶʹâô˵Ҳǳ̬⣬Ļ泩һЩ
ʱһǸ˺档ʱͷϡ̧ͷơһõ졣
ԡ֮£ݵϣҲһ˿Ц⡣
ںڵֵطľˡ򵥵⣬ҲĿ
Ȼ漴һĿ⣬ֱӿ˲Զĸ߿ա
ʱĵӰѾǸ߿մֱӷˡĿ꣬
ݲδżһ֮¶Цݣλֱ˶˺档Ԫ΢΢תϵˮʱĸɸɾ
ݾں֮ϾĵȴšƬ֮ĵӰھһҵĿУͣ¡
Ҳ̧ͷˡ
һϤףơʣµһ΢ߣһ꣬һֲꡣϣһӴϢ
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ʱǿߣôż־ȵĿ⣬ݡҲ󷽷վԭزδжš
ԵЩŹ֡
֮ݲ¶һ˿ЦݣڵλǧѵΪĳô
ݲȣȻģǿһۣӱ˴Уһ˿Ź֡
ԷԼ˵ĵȻ־ȵ鶼ûУѵε뿪ΪԷѾ
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ǿߵУ¶һ˿ء


760 ֱ
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ллҵĿݣСԺŬġšĻȫҪ޸ģҿɱ˵ƭ°лл
һڵʲôͬҪǿ˵
һǿüͷ΢΢
Էķȣ֪Ϊڵˣһ֡ǳѲ⡱ĸо
һȻйŹ֡
Ȼˣһݾȡ
֮ǰԷ˵ĻȫġȻ˵һıô£
Ҫ֪ȻǿΪʶǿĹϵѧʲôǳĿ١ǣϾһԣ֮ڣȫѧᲢһԣǿߣ޷°ɣ
ԷȻˡôģ
üͷ´Ŵݲȵݡ
ȻƬ֮ȴһ
ѵ
Уһ󵨵Ĳ²⣬ȴȻӿ
Ȼĺ˲ͱô
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һЩûعζ֮ǣ
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ʵϣɳȺ֪ӵطģֻһ塭Ǿּҡ
ּԵҩȻʶҪȴǼߡּңΪּӵһΪƮط
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ԷӵطǾ׽ˡȻطȴҲ˵طĹ֮֮һֱӴʶԼ֮˵֮УֱȡԼҪõѶϢ
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ϵУҲ¶һ˿ȡ
Ȼ̶̵֪ʱԷѾ˴ǰıֳӵطʵˡԷǿǿߵȻȵʱݵüͷҲ΢΢
Է뵽ʲôΪʲôԼȻ̰
Ȼתһ֮ȴҲɵ
ʲôƾԷʵҲη塣
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էʵԸСȻѾεľףҵˣҲʹ˳ȥ˴Ҳ뿴ҾǸʲô̬ȡ
Ȼҵ̬ȣ»ǿԲ²ġ
ԼʧĿռԼݣҵ˵ʮصˡԼʹÿռŵܣҵҲʮֺ档
ԼȻأȴδչֳǿʵ⣬;˶Լ̬ȣԲ̫
ڴԣһʵǿأпӵдܵˣǵĴ϶Ǽ򵥴ֱġ
仰˵Լû㹻öԷԼڵλõʵ
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֮·Ҳ֮·ֻҪģ鲻ΥԼ⡣ʲôǿԵġ
ǣΥԼ⣬ôͻڲ֪֮дħյԼͣפǰǷɡ
һ㣬ݿĺ
һ·һ˼׬ȡʯʵɱЩ뷨ûǣƽ޹ʵɱȥȥ˵Ĳô
ʣһ㡣ӲҪȥΥıġ
ԷǳˡǾͺ˵ˡ
ݲǴ֮ҲԲʲôѶ֮ˡԸˡݻܹ൱Ѫġ
ԣˡ
ĿģҪԷһ̬ȡ
ԷûʲôƫֶΣҲĽΪС
Էͬ²һ
ôʵԷԼǵ˹ϵ֮ȥһЩʱ򣬾ͲΥˡ
ȱʯȱĿˡ˵ʵͲҵá򵥴ֱַԸԼʱԼȥҲƲʱ򣬾Ϳˡ
ҿǹɳȺ֮һ²ҵǧиơʵĲĻҪǿһЩ治ʲô¡
еͷٵϣȻһɴ֮ɫУƽĿˣȴǵ̬ȡ
ңԶ֮ٵǿߣҲ˴˵ص쳣һˣһ
żΧĺֻżʱģҵǿ߶١ͻȻԷеǿߣҲʵ㹻˸еˡ
ҵˣ
Զϳˡ
߳ϵĴơԱߵҵλ䳤ϣϣ볤Լ׳ϡǿɶǿ߰
ộżΧʢʱ䣬ǿ߶ѵüһġһ쳤ϣ
ҵ˺Զġף˭ĺܰ
֪Ҳû


761 
Զ˷׷ۡ
ҵĳϵӣȻİϾǹɳȺ֮һЩȽϳĵϵӣΪĹɳȺˣȻİǿߣڹɳȺⲢĵؽ֮ϣÿһҲӵв׵ϳҲġݳէɳȺҲʱˣȻûʲôʶ
ǿ߼һϵӣһΪİ͸ΪꡭȻ˱к棬һԶȴҲǲͣĿݣŬ⿴İ꣬ǲǱԼʱ˵ĳ
ȻŬҲǰ״ڹɳȺ˵ݵȷֻһͷβġİˡ
֣ȴû˸ǰϾҳǿߣֻҪǰ׳ն֪Ҷİ˵ӣóȻȥ¾ɵ£Ȼû˻ɡ
ݾԭأȴš
û˵ڵȴˣȻһʱҲûпڡ
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ݵȵľڣ֮΢΢һ٣ȻͣƽϣЦ»£
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ݡ΢ЦصȻûҪ˵ؾ󻪹֪жԶ˵ȥҲʲô⡣
ԷֵȻɫȴ֪ⲻǱѡӶԷԼʱ¶һ˿̰ϾܿԷԼĳЩ뷨ġ
ԷȻҪݵҲԷҪʲô
ݡ΢΢˵ͷȻָָԱߵƣЦ֪£ʶ
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΢Ц飬ɵ۾΢΢һ˿Źָð˳Էƽкƾ̣
ΣԷȻûôͺ˵ˡ
Цһ֮󣬵Ȼйһ֮ԵôҲ֪ƹӣҵĵӹӰɣ
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˵ԷԸǿߣǶȻŵġ
ɴԣȴ֪Էͼذˡ
ԣݾһ֮ȴЦˣҡҡͷʵȴ֪ϴ˷룬вȣ
âһ۾΢ô˵вô˵
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µһߺðǡɵ۾ٶ΢
ǽϼЦˡ΢΢һЦĳȻһ˵ʲôĳ԰ģҲһͷˡ
ֵǲͷӲձҷ𣿡
ͷӲĳҲ֪ȻЦŵʲôҪĳҷ𡭡ӵҲҪǻ᲻ᱻӡ
ݾ㶼һֱһ΢ЦᡣȻ⻰ﻰ˼ȴԽ볤ϣ׳ϵˣɫҲʱ
ߣºôĿƾһͷ͸ԵҪҼٺ٣ǷҲͷһֱû˵ƣɫѿЦ
ĳӣǵҿĿ䵽ƵϣЦһĳšһĳмְ֮ܽ¡֪ǲţ
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ԷһʼͱֵļΪƽֱ漺ǿߣȻ̸ЦɼȻ̡Ȼǿ߶ΪԷڼҪǿԷ̫ʵǰ𵽵õ̫󣬵ȴҲ
ƿ߳ϵĶӡȻǲôصĴӣҲҵϵӡԼͬУиʲô̡䣬һ롣ûƷϵ˵ҩĿ·ϡƷ˵ҩɼѰңӵķ˵ĻҲ𷣡
ȻҲǲҴ⡣
ݿΪȴֻ΢΢ЦЦҲûбѡ
ʵϣУһ
Ȼǿ߶ڸǰҪһ߷Ҳתˡ
ݵĴǰطһڵߣеչıԣ顣ٶǿߣֻҪܽ˲ɱڹΧ֮ڣʲôʱ͵ʲôʱûеԡ
⣬Ҳ깥طһԵ֮


762 ս
깥طǿߣ޴˵طĹ
˵ûʲôתˣɵҲʵΪڵǿߣôһڵǿ߽ô죬ҲЩѿĵ׻һ˿Ź֮еĻֻѾˣﻹԷ᣿
νأʵĳУϵС˵ȴЩװɣ΢΢һЦҡͷ˵
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ҲǣԼǿڶԷһڰˡȨȫȻԼϡ
֪ΪʲôһԻȴƫƫһȫԷĸоԼռӴƣԷǿӲȴԶԶԤڡ
Ȼ֪ҵǰˡɵҲȫĳݾ
ȴǵһЦδԡ
磬Сӻʲô˵ģһڵˣװǻƶѡֱ˻ȥҲˣ
Աߵ׳̲סüͷ˵
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ݵĿ䵽׳ϵϣЦһû˵
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ȻȻһֱֵķ絭ᣬʵȴѾʱ˷׼ϾԷǿߣ۾磬ΣҲɲϡ
һش֮ݾͶ϶ԷȻṥѾ׼
ֻһȻ֮䣬ʱһķӿֻ󡰲ӡɫзӿγһĻŷ費ͣķӡȫ˵С
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ײȻը죬ɵĹ˲ǽɫ֮ϣǿγɾҵĳȻ·ĺ棬Ƿ·εľ޴ѹʮ
ʲô
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һ£ɴסˣԱߵҲ㶼סȻĵɴ۾
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󡭡ǵõ㹻ĲϣƵ󷨡ܷɹҪ
ϾҲʧܵĿܵġһʧܣô󷨵һֲϣǷϵˡΪлڶ󷨡
ңƳɹˣʱƷʵ㲻ƷΪʱı֮Уû顣
ֻеӵʱġƷ
ȻȴҪʱԷԪʶ𽥳͵ġǰϵǿߣҪһӡ׼ƷġƷҪķѼʱġ꣬ǧ궼һ
ԣƷϵıǼ˺Ĵڡ˵ңɳȺķΧ֮ڣҲǼ˺ġ
ԷڵΪƾ˱ȻԴݵֵסǿߵȫһɵ˶ʱֻⱦȻƷУҲǾĴڡ
⣬̣ɺȻɴ۾Ȼһ̣УȴȻӿױȵ̰ȡ
ȫⱦ޷ȫִƣÿһεֵֻ¶ҪԪֻҪΣƵķ
ͻȻ˳ʱ÷볤׳ϵ۾ҲȻɵ˼
Ʒֻа죬ϵǿ߲ƳıҪҪӳȫҲﵽֲβС
ǰݣȴֻڰˣ޷ȫӳҲ˵ÿһηԷмġֻ輸ΣöԷߡʱ򡭡Ʒǵ
۾ʱû˿ɣ׷׳֮֡еķ֮񱩶ǿߣȫʩΪ
ƷӵһϾܳΪɳȺָĴ֮һ
񱩶ķ֮ңԶΧ۵ǿ߾㶼ĪˡȻں֮࣬ȴȫ
꾿˭ȻǿҲȻ壿
ƷƷﰡ
ǿϵһƷ⣬ǺƵķ֮ʱһ۾Ҳ̰Ŀݡ
ϧҲǿۺ죬ƷҲûǵķݶ
ԣۺ죬̰ȴҲòˡǿߵսҲ㹻Щġ
ǿߵǹҲֵܵⱦֻƷﵱУҲǶĴڰ
еͷѪˡıǰȴ޷Ⱦָʲôĥ˵ô
ǿȫʩΪսһƬĩվ̫Ĳķ֮ȫڵһȻǿĳϮȥ


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ƣһʼͱ볤˳ȥԶԶʮ֮ĺ֮ϡ̤˰ϣȴĿųУȭͷ
ƷˣȻӵƷǽڸ˰岻֮ⲽڴ񡭡ìܶӡ
ƷıҲûж١ҲͼԼֵƷʵԲѡ
ⱦҵģһҵģзšʱʲôطѾʱȴԺ
Ҫ֪طҪԼȥСȻƷȴǲáֻҪһõսԻһʵķԾ
ûԷڵΪͿǿ߽ôôԼõˡԼڵΪڰڵǿߣҲȻˣ
ȴҲ֪ԼõƷĿԷǳǳС˵ǿǷģıǼңԼĸףֻҲὫıԼ
ô죬ô죿һҪõⱦһҪȹϵһ㼱ٲз˼ţβܵõⱦ
Ƶķ񽹼ʱʱݣüͷҲǿߵĹȫ󡣶Ҳԡ޷ȫĲٿÿһηȻɹôӴ󣬵ȴҲʵСϾд󱯷ơȫϴ󱯷ƣʹʩչԶԶڵеƷ
ˣ̶̲ʮϢĹ֮ԪҲ˽֮һ
ߣҲҲҵֶΣ
ͷҲȻ֪ԼҪߵģ˷ģһ£ݻ޷ͷͨ
ͷһתֻƣҲȻһ䣬ֱӴӲӡ˽ӡȻ
嫵Ȼ֮ӿȻ̳һ޴ޱȵĽӡɫ˸ɫƣӴĽӡȻʮɴЦȻǿ߻ӻȥ

յĴ󱯷ƣҲǰưˡƣûд󱯷׵ķķ޷ʩչĳƵһС١Ƿġ롰ǽ
Ӹо˵־ƺӵǿһЩԡ־ݷδʩչ
ֻ־ľ޴ӡױȵӴѹȻɵ˶ȥХƣ˵Ҳ㶼һ䡣
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ݲͷһۣ漴ȴЦһ
еġѪϹ֮һʩչǵǿȾˣٶҲǷǳ˵ġ
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ҲҲǡ
̸Ƿܹǿߵ׷á
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Сյʱ֮ǿߣżΧϺս֮£ɳȺУȻ
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Ʒֻȥǿ߿һ£ջҪѡ롭ӵĶƷ
ǣݱ׷ɱʱǿߣݵ뷽򣬿ʼ׷


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볤ϵɫһƬ࣬ŨĲʡ漴һҧ׷ȥ
ֹƬ֮һɫâٶϮա

ʱ䣬׷֮УȻš
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Ĺ֮Уһ졭Էߵķٶȣһ죬ͻΪ֧Լ׷ϡ
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Ȼһʱȥ֮ȴȻķ֣ԷȻǰ㼱ٵķٶȣûаҪͣ˼ȴЩˡѵԷڷлڲͣƷʯ
תһ룬־ԡ
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ݵΪڰˣԪԷİٱֹԪУֻ²ʮϢҪԷץס
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Ϲǿľ壡ѪΪأͷȻʮǿĴڴѸݵĹô򵥵ģ
֮ͨǿĵط尡ݻµÿһϸӵȵǵ֮󣬾ʹϸ֮еǰģ
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ݵ֮ܵ󣬿ͨѪָôЩǴʲôطģǾÿһϸ֮а
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׷ȥˣ򵽴ΣգѾʮ죬ȴһӰҲûʱܿޣʱȴһͷҲ޷˵̫죡ˣûҪΪһܵƷôһ߷볤ҲѾǻȥɡ
üͷ΢֮ȴȴ֮ġɵģٶҲ
ߣСܵ
ٶȲʵĿһ֮ڻͣΣдŨɱԶѪɫ뵡һ֮תΣȴǴ㷵ء
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һ࣬ȻɫԺڰһƬҹɫ֮УԶ˵ĿȻϴĿԷݡ
ݵһƬƽ˸âȻɵȴԲ԰ףɱ֡
һ׷һʮˣôһ¡ɲʵһȴŤͷչΡ
ղһҲˡҲ֪ʲô̥ʮ֮ɫȻûһ˿Ĳ԰ƣ֮ɫҪ֪ȶԷǿ˲֪ٱһͣ׷ȴҲ󣬵Է飬Ȼһ˿ƣ֮ɫҲûУ


765 ת
а𾪣Ȼ׶ԷһġȴҲף׷ȥ»֮ǰӣκεĸı䡣
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еȷЩաʵϣȷһٶȵƷġǼıϣڸտʼ׷ϵʱұҡ
һʼΪܹ׷϶Էȫȴû뵽Էӵ˱̬ʶƾԼе޷׷϶Էʱ򣬺ҲˡΪѾûа취׷Ѿݡ
ʱ˵ЩȴҲûʲôˣﰵŭţԺٳʲô񣬿ӱҪļϣԺ飬ֻ¹ƾҪˡ
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ݲ԰Ѫҵ˶дƣԪģѾȥ˰˾Ųࡣʣµһ㣬ٶȡӴܣ
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ǵģӴܡ
֮ǰ׷һȻ֮Ӵܵһ
ɵУݵĺѾǱīˡԷʵ̫黫թ
ǰǴ㷵أȻݵһ빥ŭ֮ٶѡ׷
ڴ˺죬Ҳδ㷵û⣬ÿһ֮ͣ󣬶ԷȻͻͣȻһɦšʵŭա
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ŭյ۾˵ʧȥǣ״졣
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ݵ뷨ˡԷǴַʽԼĥ
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죬ʱͷͷɡԷȴǲһȴƹ֮һ
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䣬ֻһ߷ؼǡһ䣬ԼֱҪɢһ롣
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ûƷϵ˵ҩԼΪʹͣͣҲд
Լֻҵһͨ䳤ϰˡƷϵ˵ҩǮҲ򵽵ԼݣŪõȾĵҩ
䣬Լ֮·Ҫ¾ǧˡ


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ѵԼҪ
ҧأ֮УȴݺݵĶź󷽵Ѫɫ뵡֪ʲôʱһʮǰޱȿѪɫ뵣ѾԴһױȵӴѹˡ
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˱Ѫɫ뵰סﴦġȴݵı顣
УȥգҵԪҪһ⡣ǸʱֻľҪζԷˣ
ҧȴҲ˹Էһ·ϲͣɦԼԼΪ˼ŭԼֻǽĸԼĿģҲҪڲ֪ĥԼеԪԼȥֻĻᱻԷĥ
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Ȼֻʣһ㣬ԪȻҪǿʮϡӲӲţԼԷ
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ֳֽ⽣âֱ̹֣˱˽һĶȴǡ͸֣һȻ΢Ц顣ɵɫٶȱѿ
ͻȻ뵽Լƺʲô
Ʒ֣˶һ̰֮УȻˡʱԷƾӲǿߵĹ˿Ѿ׷ֻʣһ֮£ӵݣѾ˲֮ءԼȻɱǿԷ
쵰
˹Էһ·룬µĲԼһˡûаֱ漺ˡѾȥʮ죬ǶȻѾأԷѾûбҪٺԼ
һڡȻȫʢʱڵԼԷҲܺη塣Ԫ˰˲Լʲô
һɱţû뵽Լǿߣһᱻһڵϣȵ̶ֳȡ
ϣ߷ɡϣȡյĽѵ
ݵȻɵĶС
쵰
ƿڴȻţһΣ֮ϢȻ˳
˫ԲɣҺúް
ȻӭģȴһӴ͵Ľɫӡ䲻ݷ֮䣬ǿʣԪԼ֮ϡ
Ȼǽɫӡʵ̫ǰֱ仯˽Ŀ͹ǿ֮ĩܳܵ
ȻͷǿһԪȫɻǱһĵķ˳ȥ
޴ӡһɽʵʵĺɵϡֻϴһǡĹ֮һ·嶼ĳ˷һ㡣
ۣ
һѪɵĿ˳
ĴͬһӴɽץ˹֮£ɵһֻϰС
˫Ŀ죬ѪȻ֮ϵı飬ȴԹ
ݣϷŹģ
һԹϣɫâȻڵҹ·﷽Բӳյӡһɿ֮˳
Աô
Ѫɫеüͷ΢壬漴ӡһ䣬ٶȱˡ١־
ԡ
䣡
춯صıըҵıƣΧĿռ䶼Ȼһң쳣һ񱩵ΪԲģȻɢʮ֮µĺ棬Ҳͻ޿ײӴѹһӴĻΡȻһ죬ˮѣ캣ˡ
ǿߵԱȻԪļ࣬ȴҲǺġ
Ȼ뱬ը㲻һݣĽâ֮£գȴҲûлζ
վǿߵನҲƴš١־϶Ӳ˹ȥοɽֻڣ
ⱬըȻҪ˵ӻݣȴҲǳ˵Ρ
ݱׯϵĶգѾɻҵɡĿӹһâֻ΢һ֣ʱǱըģһâͣ˿Сһת˹
ƷҲ
ָӹǰ¶һ˿Цݡ
˽ɵ
ƷȻֵ޷ƷᲢۣҲǼΪѵ˵ġ
ָֻӹⳤĽ֮󣬵Ҳûǻּ佫֮˴С
ֻһ߷ˣⳤ֮лӡڵġ֮Ҫ֮ĥҲǼ򵥵顣ϾԷڵΪʶĻԷҪǿ̫ࡣ
ϧˣӦдġⴢֻԱ֮ˡ
³֮ĿӹѾָƽǰռ䣬Щϧ
ɲƷȻƱ֮еƷҪһЩĲʣǿȴԶƷıȱը֮УƷĳ϶Ѿɻҽ˵ġеƷҲȻռ϶֮СҲ֪ʲôطͻȻˡ
ǿߵĴУֻ²ƸҲٰɣ
ϧˡ
һĿ⿴Զüͷ΢
ʮˣҲ֪Ƿڵңûзʲô£
㲻㣬ɵһ֮󣬾;뿪λϵġû뵽ɲĵ׷Լô졭


767 ī
Լ룬ֻҵҲ޶ԣƷı¶Ҳ˵졣ԼĹϵҵ˿Ǻġȷ޷׷Լʱ򣬲þͲὫĿͶעϣӶôӰεĿе֪Լġݡȥ򡭡
뵽ҲٳɣһΣѪɫٶŹɳȺٷȥ

Ⱥҡ
ۣ
ӴĽȺڣһݻ¥㣬谵СϥĳߣͻȻһѪƣҲһѪ֮󣬶ʱήȥһкǧ
ɣȻ˫ۡ˫Ŀ֮УǱŭ
ݣϷ㲻ݣ
ɷţһƬ졣
䣬ɢı
˱ԲϣͲ󣬶һʧ룬һҪٳԲǵڰ죬˵ѾȫȻûϣ
һУɵġ⣬ɲߣԹ
֮ϣ˫ĿԹޣãһѹͷķ񣬽ҧأ۾
䣬˸ҪڵһʱȶסԼơ

ʱ䣬գ۶šҲ֮ʱȶסԼƣϵ½٣ûٳַʱҲ޷ȴȻ¥ȥ
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¥ţһһ㿴æȻ̿Ŀף˿Ҳᣬǲȥ
ߵԶˣЩ¶ɻ
ôˣ
ȥС
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Щƽʹڲ֪澿ʲô£ȥ׷ɱݵ飬ȻҲв֪顭
ҲɻĿɼ֮󣬱ҲͲ⣬ѲС

һ·룬ܿģһΪݻׯ԰֮⡣ׯ԰һ¸ǽڵׯµĴŴһӾӢػ
ϡ
ϷһԾӢеҲ΢һ£漴ǿкһ֮ǰЩлԣ⻤̬ȣԵࡣȻҲЩҲԶǰ㾴η
Ҳ֪ׯ԰ľӢĺĻԶлȵġԭŵҲ΢һЩֻü֮Թɱ⣬ȴδȫȥ
ӣ΢ֱ֣ӿڵӳϷ߳Ҫӳͨһ
ЩӢ󲿷ֶҵķϵ֮ˡȻΪߣϾ֮ˣݵλȴҲ͡Ȼ߳īĿ䣬ЩҷϵӢҲҰס
ǻ΢üЩȡȻߣϾҷϵĵӣīһԶȥ׷ӵƷ֮˵飬ҲЩ˽⡣ΪߣȻ״̬ɵı飬ȴǶЩȵѵ˾ȻǴɵˣ
ţ⻤쵹Ҳûбֳǵ˵ͷԵȡ
ɵ˵ͷ⻤תׯ԰ȥ
վԭأĵȴֻʱһ˿ԹŭɱԱߵľӢͷ
ԼĪյ蹦֮󣬻˳
ϣֱ߳ǰ鷿
ѵȵĲ͵ɵ±ǳׯ԰ȥбߵ͡
΢΢˵ͷȴѾ߽ׯ԰ڡ
ׯ԰īƽʱľס֮ΪīһĿ䳤֮һȻᳵ·ʱ鷿ǰ
վ鷿ǰ֮һš

һȳȵĲ鷿һŶ롣
鷿Ĵһ鼮еϢ漸ϵıڹУһټ֮ϱīֽ뱸
һߣ̫֮ʦϣдһЩʲôɽ̧߲֮ͷɡ
Ȼһ֮ߵüͷʱ΢΢
ˣ
ߵɻһôʧˡ
üͷվӣ˲ΪȻƷҪɱһ߷ֻҲǼ򵥵顣ϸ˵˵ɡ
ԣҲ˿½֮ǰ飬޾ϸһһ˳
ԼĪյʱ䣬˵ꡣߵüͷѾ
ʮϵļȫУϵԪһˣ˾Ȼ˿ƣɫ
ǵĴˡɱĵͷҧȻСҲѣһ
⵹˼һ
Ҫ֪ʮʱȫСע⣬ȫ
֮£ԷȻһ˿ĵӶߣҲЩԾˡ
ڵǿӲϵԪĴԷȴȻƽͲòˡ
ӣлǲ֪Ķ˵
ɱȴҲ֪˵ʲô鷿Ĭ
Ƭ߲֮ŵôڣ׼ô죿
ߵ⣬۾ʱðŭקȭͷˣǲܾ׷ɳȺܱߣû֮ԽȥԽΣաޣɲطǿߣҲ̤㡣ţΪټеƷҲȻ޷뿪ֻҪ˷ͣԷϢԼòѸСȻ޴Ӳ
ߵüͷʱ΢΢΢΢ҡҡͷҿסŪĶСѾ֪ӵƷڵ죬Ҳǲ˲죬ϵǿҪ׷ǵõϢʱ̫ݣȻҲ׷ˣҲ޼գ֪ǵȥǸλԣҲ֪˾˭ֳʲôģ
ǣڶȻѾĿͶңʱٸʲôͣ׵ĸЩӵƷ˭һûн֮ץסС
˵ţҡҡͷ
ȻʱﻹܵʲôƷûеһʱõǱ֪ǱעԵˡģҪҳȻɱԱԼ֮
һҡͷܾ¾ͼˣæǴˣͣ˾ȫɳȺ֮ССһЩȺǾ֮װ׷ŵˣ
üͷٶ΢壬ò˵Ҳʵ
ԷСĽһЩƷԼҪõĿԣȷ̫ãˡ


768 
ǣŪͣ¿ʼѰҵģͲֻһˡɳȺҪж˰ɣʱ˼£
ţҡҡͷǲס
ɲԹɫȻʣʱǴˣѵˣ
ͷתѵϵĹ֮ү˵ǴʧѾõĿռ䴫гģϱȻдܣһ㣬ϵƷԼʮȫȴ˿¶ƣɫϾܹңС˲²⣬˵ϣ»طһֻ뱨Դתļ죬˵ţֻһҪߵע⡣
Ȼطһڣ߶ʱǻȻطȷ
ɴ˴ȻæȷС˵Ĳ²⡣а˳ɰգ
˵ߵҲ
ʲôƷ֮ģȻҲ˶ġȻطȽǿɾС׼ˡ
һƷȻѵãҲûС࣬Ҳܹǿһ˵սˡ
طȴǲͬ
ɳȺȷӵطģֻּңּңҲǿط߳ɹʶҵģ
طԼõ˵Ļ
֮λҲǲܰ
ߵĺĶɡ
үĲ²⡣Ҳæ˵ү˵һμ˵ʱ򣬶ԷǲߵԡȻֻ֮ټȴܹ˵һڵصıԣˣһţҲʱѧһ԰ɣοܹ׼үͲ²⣬ԷȻӵطֱӴӱ˵֮УѧǵԵģ
ߵĺٶȼ˸֮ڣţҲѧһȫİԡطһط
˵ǲ׷Źɼģæ˵
ǡߵЩѿҧΪƷԭ򣬸ĿڶϡʱóȻʲôͣǾǸǶԷѶϢʱһ˽ȵˡ⡭
ԽΪֻƷﻹ˵ԷϺпӵطͲɵӵľˡ
Ҫ֪˽ȵǣôԷõģͲֻƷˡط
طκһõˣǶӭһΪǿҵıڵģǴӵ˵ս棬չ棬˰
ԣȴԽһֻҵ𣬿ԥҲļĺܡ
ȻģͷһתȻ۾һһ⣬æˣҲĿͶעˣʱųʲôͣЩһʱ䷴ӦӶҲʼѰˡһһұ˼¡԰ɣ
̹Ȼ˵ͷ
ô֮Ѱأæ׷ʡ
۾һæʲôð취
ˣˡ
˵ɵĻߵ۾ҲԽԽմЦ
ãǸð취
ˡɵ۾
һҪץס
ɶʱϲæǣˣ
±ͽˣһҪ˾߿ɣȻӦһ¶Է״֮ҿͣǰҩһö鵤ɡȻ޷ƾҲ֮ܽȶ
ɻһлˣ
ߵ˵ͷ˻֣ɱǹˡ
Ŀ뿪֮һĿйâ˸֮ȴεҡҡͷ
ϧ²ּϸ˵򡭡ּҵѰ֮ȥѰСҲͿˡ
뵽ߵи¶˼ȣ
Ѱ֮ʵҲҪܹСҵĻӽԺ󣬿¸ڵҵˣҲͲ̫ˡ

߳鷿ɵ鼤һĨɱקȭͷС
ݡòҪٻ򡭡ϷҪѣ
ҧأһ˦䣬ŵҩȥ
鵤Ʒ˵ҩɵȻû̫޸ЧҲܽȫȶס

ڵյ磬һͣҷ֮ϣʮϰ
ʮˣ˶ҵ֮ˡΪ쵽죬εĶСһͣйɳȺҵĵ̣죬ǳ֮С֮ϣʮ˵ò겨㶼ء佱ҲöƷʯƷʯȡ
йעҵһֶŪЩĪЩɻġһ̽ȷ˶ЩԹҲͲ⡣
֮УڵǿҲʮˡСΣ㶼ǰ

һһǴֱʰʮ˵Уεǿ߶Сǿߣǵһ̵İǿߣҲ󣬴ﵽ߰Ʒʯ۰һĴúһһЩˡ
ϳȺΧεŵĵ졣
СȻԵжʣֵ֮ϵ糱Ⱥ۴αȵķݣдеҬ֣羰续
ʱľ¥ʮֵ֣Ц̸֮ڶ
Ȼ֮ǰҵͳ¯֮ɳȺ̸۵Ļ⣬Ҳ顣
˵Ѿ½½ʮ˱ץˣΪǿģΪﵽԲġ½Ң˵ʱڶ֪Ѿ͵顣˽ҡҵɳڵǿߣǰץˡ˸ڹĪıڵǿ߸ץסˡ˵ˣҲȷõ͵ƷʯĽ
ҡɳȺǿ֮һʲôһαֳȷ˾̾
Ҳ֪ôˣô뵽ҪЩˣĲ˵ǰǿߴң֪ѾǰʮǰˡȻַ˳
ѵ֪ôǰЩʱգǺż֮ϣһ˴ս飿
˭֪˵ΪҰˣȴӵһΪƷ˵ʱǿ߽ҵɳڵǿߡȻǱƷֵӳ졭


769 
ҿҿ϶ǾΪ£ųôһġ
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㿴һΪҵƾһƷ͸Ҹԣջ˳ȥҵ飿ö֮һʲô汻ΪɳȺ֮һǼŹȥʮ죬ǰŪôһҿʵҪͨһεͣôҿҵ
Ϊ棿
ˣһΪ棬ô֪Ρһ棬Ҳ壡ЩвٵСʼ̧ͷȺڲкüС壬СɿʼҷСҿҲҪᣬݺݵһЩСɣ
ԭˡ
¥۷׷ף⼸ΪҵͣԭһˮĹɳȺҲԵһ̸̸Լ¼Ŀ֮ģҲ⡣
¥۷׷׵ˣǺ쾳Ϊôһ죬첻ֱ˴˵ĻڣڹɳȺԼִƣҲĺܡ
¥ھ¥¥һĽ䣬ԵЩ
һ˶ǰΧ˵̸ۣȴǴšǰϰڷһЩ򵥵ľƲˣȥѾ͸ûжϼڡ
ĬĶţΧ˵·ûʲôϵֻĶȴһֱţԽȴԽ
ҡ͡
ʮˣǰֿѾʮ죡
ÿ촫Ϣ飬Ҳ
֮ǰҷһ֮һӽļ죬Ŀһ֣ճԼʱ飬ͱø
һ棬ǰ֣ǾͱʾǰѾӳ죬ûбץסȻһ桭ҵһӴ󡣷֮ϣòҲ겨ֻҪһ¶棬¾ͻ߹
˵ˣݵͽɶǴﵽǧƷʯģ
Ȼ޷һ߰ƷʯᲢۡҲǧƷʯѾͬΪ൱Ķˡ
ǽҪʵ̫ۣסҲǺ쾳ھ¥Ҳǳ¶ĻֻѾҷˡ
Ͼǳ֮ϵ˱ץԽԽֻ࣬ղ˵߶ἯеˡǸʱ򡭡¥Ҳȫˡ
ڰҲֻܼȥһ棬ǰĽǾԲġһ桭Ѿͺĵ죬ֻֻҪǰ뿪¥תһȦžͻǿɱˡ
ֻϣǰһƽȻԼץסֻҪǰ£Ҳͺˣ
ﰵš
ǰɽһҲ޷ʵȫ֮ǰո֪֮µʱ򣬾͸Ͻ뿪ʱϢûȫȥȫܹһ֮
ΪݽԼҧһֱȵڡ
ڣҲֻܼȥΪ뿪¥٣ͻᱩ¶
ȻڵȣʵϰȴѾʼϣݲҪܵһ죬ܹһһ졣Ϊձ˷ֵĻΣҲ޷ԭԼġ
ţһǰľƣ΢ЩȻ
ò˶ãͻ⵺ˡԼ겨޷ı䣬ʱ򣬾Ƕ¥֮УҲȫ㲻ȥˡ
ӵݸԺ֮УãɫǷϡ
Ŷ
Ρ
ȻʱһȴͻȻԺ֮
һ漴ȻһȻǰ
䡣
ٶλһķ䣬Ҳһסķ䡣
ٲҳɣһ¥һֱѣղһǰȴûκ˵ע⡣°ҲҵϷ¾Ǯæ¥ȥ
ʱԼķſڡһûˣæŶ룬Źϡ
ȻһţαͿݡ
ǰæ˹ȥû£̫ˣ̫ˣ
καļ֮ɫͷҲӹһ˿ů⡣˵ͷЩҵϣԵЩʱ䡭ãû¡
һô˵֪ͷһֱڹԼθж֮ݲǰڹ̫ðˡ䲼һͣ㡭
֪΢΢˻֣˰εĻЦŵ⼸һ·͵飬Ѿ֪ˡû뵽ȻŪôĶӣɻǺ˰ݵһĨɭȻЦ
ݵǻȻѿһεͣʵġ
㲻ǰٷ֮ٵԣҲ
ֻɽ׷ɱԼḶ́ͼӴ׵˵һͨҵӰɣ
аš֪ԼϵһЩܣֳ֮ò˼档
˵Ʒ˵ǷСʮ׷ɱɶĴԼԵôݡΪʲô˶档
ټϵԼֵΣҲƵС£Щ˶ԼݶἫ˺棬ΪԼʲôܰɣ
ֻǹԼһ˵ĻĿԵ̫ˡʱⲻһ֡Ϊ˷ֹԾͶһЩ˳ҸǸΪΡһпȥҪܵԼͱ̫ˡ
ҲǣڵΪʲôۣҪ֪֮Ϊģǰڵ
ò˵һ֣ȷļΪƯûĻԼǲٳڹɳȺСĻʮа˾Ҫǵóˡ
ϧ
һĨЦԼܹ˲ʧ˵ʶСֻҪǿ߲ǾǿߣֻҪۿԼҲҲԼģ
ԣԼͲҪ¡
Լôһͷһꡭ˭֪Լĸȥˣ
ȥɳȺ֮ϣطĲ࡭ҾͲĻŪһٻ֮ĶҲܡ
뵽ڸٻĶѰԼҲַЩͷۡ
ڿҲ̫ˡ
뵽ҡҡͷЦνͣûҪʣҲҪ£ͿǾҪŪʲôɡ
һ£Щݵ˼򶨣εͷҲһӣǰа취ġҲû취ɫĳԼķˡ


770 ؾ
ǰô죿οѯʡ˶ˣȻͬһԼҪͬˡȻ˳
ݳĬһ֮󣬿ڵΣɳȺΪϤ֪ʲôܹٵۻƸô
ۻƸ΢΢˴Щɻ֪ǰɷ˵ľһЩ
ۻƸ׬ȡƷʯֱӵԽԽá
׬ȡƷʯεüͷ΢΢Ƭ֮ΪѵǼ֮ǰεȷһЩ·׬Ǯ񡭡
˵΢΢˶٣ЩȻɳȺҵĿ⣬ǰҵͼжǧƷʯȻ࣬ȴҲ㹻Ϊ൱ΪĶˡЩΧҲЩԵǰ׬Ǯ·ЩҲֻ֪ǳЩطǰŸյžͻҵ˰ɣԡ
ݵüͷ΢΢漴һҷŵһߣ͹˵˵Щʲô·׬ǮȽϿɡ
Դ˴˵ͷ򵥵ȻɱޡɳȺܱвٵط޳ûɱޣ޵һ׬Ǯ·򵥣ɣΣաЩ꣬ҲҪԴ
ݵ˵ͷأ
ɱ޵ȷһ취ݺԼҪ׬ȡĲƸǼΪӴģɱޣʮ֮׬ȡ㹻ĲƸ
еĻˡڸжеطרչҩƷ㹻ߣֱȥμͷЩεϧһַҲֻ˵ˡ
ٶȵ˵ͷⷽҲһʼİ취ϧͬ׬ǮٶҲ̫ˣټ˵ͣɲԴۿˡ
ô
о΢ΣһЩһΪӴĿǳƷʯĵطõĵط󶼱СݣǸˣֻҪͻܵʣµģǱ߽߱ǽǵѷ֮ءҼѷ֮أҲдΪʿ㼯˵ɳȺΪҵĵطͻΣաüͷ΢壺ҲȥһΡ棬Ͳ㱻˼սĲ䣬ҲȥˡǸطֻҪãǺ׬Ǯġ˵˵õһΡֵǧƷʯ
Ŷ۾΢һ
ֵǧƷʯġ
šǵط̫ңΪ죬ǲҪҲκϵĺáҡҡͷ
΢΢˵ͷͷȴԽⶫȻѯʣô
üͷ壬ŵУط̫Σա
˶֮󣬰νŵǵطΪؾλȺڡؾΪգһֹӰ죬б޷ӦأԪȫѹƵĲ֮ܶżҪĿֲ˵λǿҲ棬Ҳǰ˶޷뵽֮ҪΣࡣ
ʲôǿ߶ˣȻǿҲˣݶʱɴ۾Щ𾪡
ĿǰΪֹŹǿߣǿߣǿߣȻҲ޷ִؾǾЩֲˣ
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771 
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εɵˣǰ㣬Ҫؾɲȥģ֪죬ǿΪؾУȻҲûгǿ߽һ֮ҲûнڶΣɼһΣգ㣬㡭
μĻ˵ˡȻȴ΢΢һЦǺǣˣҲһͻ롭ֻ뷨ˣȥȥ˵ء
ǣǡνѣȻȴĲ֪˵ʲôֻԭشת
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ϾϹ˵ֻǲл꣬䲻࣬ȴҲ֪һЩƵ֮ǰԣؾ֮нƴǾ쳣ѡ񣬷ҲȰǰܿϧһǱѡʮۻָĴƸͻʧеҲƷأǸû·ֻñˮһս
Ȼ˵ȥչ黹һЩʱ䣬ڷҪ£һʱʱ̶̿ⱾӡСɡ
ⱾӡȷôġҲǷӵױȵ֪ʶԽȻ㲻һʮϰ꣬һӡһЩɹ
ڣĽɫһַǽ֮кֻǰ׹΢һ΢һ˿ɫ
ĿеУһ漴۾һ˫ĿһգһֻǰĽֶʱһǣûݵü֮С
⻪һһ˿ɫâӹݵƤ˫
˫һʱӹһɫâֻԭɫ֮ͫϣȻһ״ĳɫâ漴У¶һĨϲ֮ɫ
ӡСˡϲˣõۡڣƾۣӦҲܿ͸һЩ󷨵תˡ
ݵԺ
ݵϣʱ¶˿ĵЦݡ
һݵУɾͱòһˡ̧ͷɫգӡݵȴǱʰ֮ɫв󷨵Уһ̣ڵĳݵ֮У
ֻһʰ쵵Ĺ⻪˷۶漴֮£ֻһۣݾĿ󷨵ڣ
Ҫ֪֮ǰľ£пǺ޶µġȻǲߣȻܸӦĵڡָӦʵʵڵĿǿǽȻָͬо
ѹ֡ѹ˵ʦĶȷǾ˰
ݸп
ڵıӡ¼پʮ˵󷨰ˣҲֻ״̬ܹвУΪ֮УǲߣԲΪ档΢ЩȴЦ𣺡ֻ״̬ʦģۡҪ۴ﵽΣҲҪ¼ٰͬ󷨲СǸʱ򡭡˵УŲκܿԡڣǲ̫Զˡ
ԲһϣοЦ
γ֪󷨡˵ô󷨡Ҫһ¼ҲҪ̵ʱġһֻܿ¼ʮ󷨽롭ң򵥵󷨡΢һЩһֻ¼ĵġ󷨣Ҳ֪ǧܹ֮ɵĺĿꡣ
ϧ˵ĻԶڴ󻪹ĻҲô鷳ˡʺϱӡ壬ǻԻʣ۱ӵп͸Զ۸ӿֲϱӡǲľ䡭Щп˵


775 
Ҳ뵽˻Իءǹģһһͬһ켣ҲǸпǧ
ò˵Ȼ٣ֲռ񷣡ǻȷ̫ˡ
ۿ켣ɲô
Ҫ֪˵似棬Խ켣ܾԽķ֮ҲԽ󡭡켣ڳУţֻܿ翵ĸ򣬻֮ʱʶһôһ˲䡭ԣͬ似ͬʩչҲвͬΪеʩչʱ򣬽ӽĹ켣ЩһЩ
һ˹ƾ۾ܿ켣ʱ򡭡һֲֿ
룬ͷƤ˰ɣ
ӡ󷨣ӵпеֱӾӵп켣ǿȶԱȣֱ̫˰ɣ
˵Щʲôأڴ˵أ˵Ҳ޼°εҡͷ̾
ԣҲ΢һ̾
˵Щȷ޼¡ؾԣֻƵĻݶԣҲԼҺ԰ĸΣն١
ȻҲδȥؾ澿Ƿֻƣ˭Ҳ˵׼ߣ滹пֲأ
ڵݶԣ̶ѨҲҪһˡΪѾû·
ϧڱӡ̫һЩǺż֮ǰĽҲ̫ǿһЩżڲķлҲֲ̫Щ򣬵ǿԳȥһ¡һаš
ˣҲСˣ׼ʲôʱǰؾ
ڶݵĳĬ֮󣬷
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΢ĬƬ̣ȻŵҿҪȥһֻʮʱ䣬˵ܳʵתۼšؾҲ֪ж󣬶ҵľҲԽԽ㡣ڻǿ˵Щٹʱ䣬ĵĸЩҿ¾ҪȫȫѹڷӡʱҲ޷ˡ˵ıӡд󲿷ֶǳ󷨡ǰԣؾеĽǿ߶סǾɵĲ̤㣬ɼ򵥡ܳڻЩܰ˲͹ȥ
Ļͷһ𣬶ҲЩ
ȻѾ޷÷ⲢʾͲɢˡڷܰԼһЩ󷨡ȵԺ޷ˣ¾ˡ
ϾȻݲٵ󷨣Щ֪ʶڷ˵ȴֻǲ׺һڶѡݽƾԼȥƽؾ󷨣ʵЩ̫ǿѡ
ʵϣ֮Ծǰؾһĵзʦڣܳˣݵļƻ¾ˣ
뵽ȴҲȥˡȻվӣĿӹһ˿
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šӦһ֮󣬱û졭
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뵽һ󣬳ɽȥ

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˵ڵǣûʲôʸ񽲾Щų
򵥵סݻǰΣʵô⡣ڵ֮һЩĸɿӲݣȨϢ֮
ã֮ߣ󲿷ֶҪ˯ˡÿȻҲܼ
ʱξڶյ֮ϥһɫâתҲʱ԰ףʱΣȥ״̬ôá
ݿһ֮ȴ΢һüͷ
ӣη֮ƣûȫȶ
һҲǣԴ֮ڣҲһ¶һ㡣һµʱ󲿷ʱ䶼ΪԼʱúõһ£Ǿ¥ڵԼʱҲţƸûʲôô
Ȼĵ֮󣬰ܰĵĵˣôʱ䣬ЩȻΪ䵽۷ǲܵ飬ʵսһٵˣпܡ
ʱΪڣսȴ䵽۷͡飬ûпܵġ
Ͼϵߣµʱ䡣
߻ʱģһ죬졣
⼸ؿ˵һԾǨʱ䣡
Ե侳ǲܵġ
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ģüͷ΢塣Ͼε˾أҲвСԭ򡣶ζмѣΪҲ壬Ȼˡ
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ԪʶвСȵĵˡдҪȥҪô죿
νҧأԺУȴǸֳ΢Ц
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ΡڴʱһϤ
һæŤͷȥȴݲ֪ʲôʱѾࡣ
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γһ£漴Σݡ
֯һԣҿһ¡ᡣУҵһΡ
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΢΢˰֣£˵ꡣ
΢һ£ԲݿҲֻò֪ΪʲôͻȻ˵ôһһЩʲôԤС


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Ҳطֱ棬˵Ҳˡݶ˶٣ŵЩʱΪҵ飬񲻶޷úõƣƼصԭ򡣡
ϼҪڣݱǻ˻ֹ֣Ļһ㣬ôҶ϶ġ
ǰٶȾվ̿Ŀݡ
ʱҲûȫȻָ䣬ȱʧһꡣҪ뽫һ겹סֻ֪Ʒҩ굤ûվİΣǽ˵
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ε࣬ȻͣľĿݣ˼άȴһƬհס
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⣬ɳȺҲǺĵҩһ֣ǶǳڣʮƷʯܹһŵİҴʱ䶼мУһ
Ͼ˭ɱɱģΪ˸棬Դ˷ǿ߿٣
֮󣬵ȱʧһ밡ˣȫȻʧȥ˽߲εʸ
Ͱ֪ģĹɳȺֵǿߵУвķͣפǰİ
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ЩİɱЩԼ泰޵ˡͳͳŹ
ǣ䣬һΪҲֹڡ񣬸ΪƵԵʣʵսڲͣ»ԣһʹĴ
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ȻݾȻŵʮ֮ڣһö굤
⣬ܲм棿
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˵ͷɣɲڹɳȺеĹôѸ㡣ʧ룬㴫Ѹ㣬Ҳá
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һɾ޴Ϣƾը
ݵҲڴʱڰεԺ
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λһˮģ˫ۡ漴һҧʶӴϢ
䡭εʶһƬŹ֮С
ݾĿǰ붨еİΣվ̧ͷűȥ
ЩʱȻ춼ӡҲڵơϾûнʵϣЩѯ֮£ѾɳȺĴԭԭϸϸ˵ĴȺλá
ȻҪĻйؾйؾҲֻǵ;˵ΣؾھλõȵϢҲ̫ؾڱȺǱߣҲǼΪĵط̽Ӧҵ
ʱ伱ȣĻʱʱ̿УҲȥ׼̶ǰؾһˡ
ðʱ뿪õİ취ϾʱӲӲδʱȥпܱס⣬ȴԸ⿴ġ
µţҲһϹ巨ԶѪϾϹǿµĹȻȡ֮һ޳ɣսҲд
ݵѪˣǳ㣬ƾϵһǿ߶ɱ̬֮
ʵϣԼ֪Լļʲôط
幦ԽԽҲֻһˡûʲôԵҪʱٶ²Ǽ׵顣
Ժͷݿһ붨еİΣҲٳɣһѪɫУ𣬳űƿնȥ
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Ȼ뿪ôǰ˵ʱѾԤˡ
δԭƬ̣ȴһ泯Ȼ򵹣ڵصĿͷ
Ȼŵૣǰлл㡭лл


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ȻûֱȥӴʲôߡȻΪֻڣκɣʶǿʶڣɢʶ֮ǰƵҲûʲô⡣
Ⲣʾݶ鶼֪ˣʶУҲ۲һЩߡЩߴڸ·ɱޡ̸֮УҲ֪ҵĵһѾڶͳ¯ͰҳΪǰף
ЩȣȻͷһת֮ȴҡͷһЦ
һҵĻͦƯģҪĿǷųһһ˸ĵİѰңһǴ˾ߵǡֶεȷǲ
ò˵ǵȻҪˡԼ뱻˷֣Ǿ;û˷ֵΡвڣֻҪûоǿ֮ܵʶ̽⣬߰ԼܳҲᱻ׷ֵġ
ǵ̸Уֹһεἰѹһͷġʡ˼ֺ档
ǿߡ죬ȴδ˵һ׶ΡȥӦԼҲŪɣϾЩ˵̸УҲ֪ʣǰʮǰҵҵʱ˵ֵúܴ󣬽²ٵĵ̶˸ϡã˾ǿߡ˻ﳤȥʹټ
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ۿɲֻ˿Կ͸תͬʱ󷨵ļӳ£ҲܵõȵǿϾ۵ıǱӡ
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Ȿӡ¼ʵЩѡ»ֻǳ󷨰ˣٶȱôȵԺ¼ȳ󷨸ǧٱм߼󷨡֪Ҫʲô̶ȡ󷨡ǧʱ⣬Ҳδа
Щп
ǧʱ⣬ܲʱʱ̶̿󷨰ɣһ춼ֻʮȵ֮м߼󷨡¾Ǻü죬ʮϰҲֻܿһˡ
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£ӦѾ˱ȺķΧ֮ˡֻⱱȺҲСؾʲôطҲҲ˻УȥƺҪ˽Ӵһ²ˡ
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ŪɳȺзϰΣϹǰ׵һ¶棬»дѵϳȻⱱȺųƼΪ֮ءҵĴҲ첻ͶѾﵽǧƷʯеǿߣֻǺѵջ󡭡
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ЩϤʲôʱֻȴȻЦԶԶȥǰ֮µˮУС
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ݵжʱ¶˼ֻȻ֮ɫ
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ѹ˵Щ죬ȻͰϵѵܡ
Լղһ·ʱûʹű겨ͰԼ겨ԶԷûʲôֵġ
ֻǡ
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üͷ΢壬ЩԷ·
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˿ҲϤǺαԣͻʲôĿģҲ֪顣
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뵽˵أݼȴҲ޶
ܺȻƬ̣Ҳڿеȴ֮εҡͷӵĳͻˡðɣȻֵܲһᣬĳҲǿԵټǡ
أҲɴ࣬һǳǰ·ȥգۼ䣬ѾʧӰ١
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˿Էȥ򣬾ҲȺ
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·ֱӶгǿڸĻԷʶԼ޴Ӳ׵ҵԼ뱱ȺԽԽɲ˶ʲô״ҪСΪ

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ݰԣⱱɷǱȺڲĻ۵㡣߻ӣΪҡȻй涨ɱ򶷣ǼΪҡ
ҲˣϢΪ㷺ʲôطֳʲôˣĸֺĸսˣֳʲô챦ˣֳʲôˡȵȣ漸ܴĵ
˵صĿģȻΪ˴̽ؾڡ
ȻҪУ֮󣬻һЩװ硣⸱磬ϤˣէһҲϵĳ˵ˡֻҪʶ̽겨ϳ
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뵽ɶݸǺ֮ǡԼҲ³ΨһҪģǸϽݳˣܽͷ֮ޣ
īɵı֪δԼĻüͷλһ塣漴ͷҲһ̾
һֱΪԸȣԼΪģΪȻ˵㣬һֱΪŵġԴӷ䣬·֮ɵıȴԽԽ꣬ȫȻûĴء
·ϣľˣԸȻҲвСĸı䡭
˼ˣҲܴˡīš漴ſڵݵȷѾڵǣī磬ҲѾ֪ϵˡ
ī磿һ¡ΪҺϣīλһī磬Ȼ֪ġɻīô֪ģ
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ģīʧҡҡͷ漴ĮˣͲعˡȥӡɡ
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ټĳëԴֻ۾㶼һƬͨ졣һУǹǷһٶ͵

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ʯ֮䣬ߴ
ۣһǹĲͻȻһīɫѪֱ齣ֻʣһëƤ棬漴ڵء
ݵҲ¶һ˿ȣԼǰءһѪ⣬ڽĻָ
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ﲻߣëȥ鳤ද֫޳ǰ֫ĩˣгߵļָף絶УҲܸټԴϣһѪڣǾ״ļںı棬ֻ۾š
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˿֮ݺȻ֣絶һƱദȡһ֮üͷ΢塣
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Ȼ޾ԣһЩƷޣۻҲûڵ
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ˣһͷϸݿǰؾȻЩΣա˵̶ֳֻȵĻҲ޷
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һ·ȥԼĪĸʱʮҵĲÿһݶѡǰɽķ
Ҳ˲ʮΡ
ʮ֮ҲˡǴԱߵĽ֮гġ
Щ졣Ҫ֪ͨǸġǿֲ֪εĽƣʱΪġֻΪ̫ǿˡ
ڴʽġֻһףҲû¡ǣֻҪˣֻһ£Ҳ㹻ȫʬ
ҺЩƲνƣƲʷʽšûۣҲֻ̫ܿаˡ
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һ룬䴥νƣֱӾĪֵطֻáء˰ɣ
ΣҲţµշؾʱҲȻвٵΪ֪Ʋʵ䡣
ֻǣĹѵֻǺëһ֣ëʲôʮһͷÿһͷƿ飬ȴûзڵӲһޡ
һСĵţһ˼šȻ̧ͷԼֵɽɽȥںԶĵطôãȻûиоһ˿
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͸¶һ˿Ρ
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ˣ
ΪԼۣܹƣ˿ûԥһ·ʵϣۻԶﲻһнƵĳ̶ȡ
ѹÿһڣףͱȻǺëѹߵڣȴһ˶û
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ߵԱߣһֻâһ漴һ֣ǰ
ڲڴԼĪҲ⸽ıӡҲ˳һǧ󷨣Ȼֻǳ󷨡Щ󷨶Ϲ󷨣ƽȻƿ򷨣Ȼǿ֮Ȼֻǳɣֵһ󣬻ǱȽϼ򵥵ġֻҪ֮ӡ֮ϣӦþƵˡ
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˵ͷһĿأһֵָǲ֮
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һ󲨶̴ǰһ⻪漴˸
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Ȼǽ֮СؾȻǲɴ⡣ҡͷѪսĻʮǺë¾͹Һһġ
ǺëҲǴͨԵĽģһеɱǺëͿȻڲڴһֱϮߡ
ͨһЩؽڡ֣ڲͣıá
Сʱ֮󡭡
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һҲȻţݱͿԼǰ⣬Ȼɢ·ǴһֽĤһȻǰԭһ֮ͨУһǰ
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ºɣʬӹȥ˲Ϣǳֵʬԡ
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һһսףһ
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üͷʱ΢΢һ壬漴˵ͷΣ
Уͷ󺺵ɫʱѪ죬˷ܵЦãããСʵӽʹ󷢴ȱң͹ɣ
ͷ˷ܴЦҲǼ͡
Ҫ֪ؾȻƸˡʵÿһƿһƾͻвƸġеʱ򿪽֮Ż֣ᷢһеʱʬ壬Ҳпܿһ
ͷ󺺸ղһʣʵ˲϶թݡȻݲйϣһڣǱ¶˳
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ٶһ漴¶Ц⣺ƾʲôٺ٣ƾⶫСԳԵµģ
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һԡƽĿŶԷҵ·ϣ·ϡ
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ʲôƳСȽɱˣñȥ˵õ¶֦ڡһֱû˵ĺüͷͻȻһ壬͵

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Ǵ󺺶ʱЦȻδ˵꣬˵ȭͷѾʵʵĶһ
ֻ񡱵һ죬ǹͷֻԼȭͷ·˼Ӳޱȵʯͷһ㣬һĵʹӶϡ
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ţҲͷһֻԷȭͷȻҲǳϵӲѪļ̣û˿׼֮£Ҳ΢΢һľ
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ˣ㶼һ
Ҳüͷ΢壬һ˹ͷ֮ζʱһˡ
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Ϲ幦ݰԴԷˡ
ĿǰΪ֮Ҳͬ幦ˡңһξ
С㵽˭ΪҲ巨
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ߣӵܷﵺˣ巨ʲô֣ɳȺ˭֪ܷﵺõ巨ǴߣݣСӣԣʲôݣΪҲ巨
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Ʋġ
СղѿھͳбǶˡ
Ҫ֪ؾڣֱҲͰˡˣǾ;ԲͨƸ
ܷﵺڵҲһͨıȺĺˡȻʮǰܷﵺ񡱾ΪؾһƣеõһһСǾ幦֮󣬲
ˡǾܷﵺؾ֮УҲЩŹ޵ϮɱǿؾҲȫǵĶ֣øַۻ˴ĲƸӶʵõ
ѾԶǵǸСԱˡԼ䣬뱱ȺһЩƴ࿹
һͿԿؾгıһ־ˡ
ԣʱҲԸ
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ãķѾﵽˡǾᵽĻƷΣ

ǲҪˣ˳
ϴȻѪƷףеġǾбϵĲˡ֮£æ
˵ʹ򣬲Ͳ򣿵ʲôĿںڣˣ
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785 巨ǿ
Ѫɫеȫٶ֮죬ֱǺš˸޷ؾУȻ˵ٶܿ쵽̶ֳȡ

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ȴǲмΣҶ£һܷﵺ
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Ѫɫ˽˵ζʱ˵ϣɴ۾ݽӲ
漴
ۣۣۣۣۣۣ
Ѫ˵Ĳӿ
Ǻӵ֮󣬻ǿһɴ۾Ķݣ˫סͣðѪĭĲ
ܷﵺ㣡
أŴ۾ݣĿ
һŤͷһԽԶռ䡣üͷһ壬磬ٵĽ˵ĴԼ¶ıУΧ֮ڵĶɨԼĴСһѭͨ뿪

뿪ʮϢ֮󡭡
ҽʱﻹһƣѾ򿪣
죡죡
֪˭򿪵ģûб
УܿģʮӰƲһĽƺ󷽣˹
Ȼ󡭡
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ȻðѪʬֵʱ˶˲ͣ˽Ų
ǡٵ
ɨһ֮󣬺Ȼһŵĺ˳
ٵ
ʲôٵ
˻ܷﵺˣ
ܷﵺٵ

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ܷﵺʲô˴󲿷ֶΪܷﵺɳȺȷģΨһӵ巨
Ϊ巨ԵɣܷﵺǣѾﵽ뱱ȺƵǿĵز
ǿڱȺķΧ֮ڣȻ˸ҵǣ
ܷﵺٵĶӣȻɱˣ
˵Ȼзģǡ䣬͵ǽ֮·նˣ
⣬ҲǲݵĴˡ
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ͻȻعζ쳣
һ仰ΧҲʱعһʱɴ۾
ǰܷﵺӵ巨ǹɳȺ֪Ĺܡǿ˵ؾܷﵺĺ԰ܷﵺĵӾ졭
֮£ܷﵺٵͬϵǿߣȻǳ֮Ϊ԰ؾС
⣬ʲôΪˣôģ
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˵Ѿҵ˱ܷﵺ巨Ϊ巨ǶǶ֣
׷ۡ
ɶ񣡣һʼϳܷﵺˣһ˭ܷﵺˣؾУ뿪ؾ㶼ˣ
УԶԶȥ
֪㻹⸽ûϵ㲻˶õģ׺ݵĿɨܣ·ҪΧĽƿͨ͸һ㣺ܷﵺ֪ʲôѣŰɣ
أŤͷܷﵺӺڣ
Ƭ֮
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ȺУش𣬼ӰҲ˳
ؾû巨˵Ȼ쳣ӵ巨ܷﵺ˵ֻҪðؾЩƲʽֹ˵ǺΣտԡӦ䵺Ǿ仰ؾͷ·ܷﵺĺ԰һ㡣ԣؾ֮УܷﵺĳԱʵ١
˵ܷﵺеǿߣһؾ֮Сһкǽ˺ü
۾죬ĮĿɨΧˣܷﵺ£λӣرһ¡
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ؾ֮Уû巨Ԫ򾡽Աû취ܷﵺӲӲԣȻŭǻһۣ漴ĬĬ˿
ܷﵺʵ̫Եǵõһ巨𣿺ߣ棬ʲôҸ˸˵ֱһƾһο࣬Ʒս׵İǿŭ˼£ҧһǳ˴ˣǻã
ܷﵺԳֵõ巨ؾթ޼ɡ棬ϷҲҪǳϷֶΣһͬǰΪͬҲĲᡣ
ǶǰǿߣҲѹһǿڡ棬ҲԲҶСȻؾУܷﵺһҵģ͸ҵǵǿӲҪ뿪ֱѪ˼ˡ
κƱǿǻؾıȡƸ治ܸܷﵺַˡ򡭡ؾУ˼һһ߷
ģ巨巨Ҳܵõһ巨ﻹҪȺ쵰
һǿߣҧгݡ

ЩǿߵĵȻҲڶеġϾҲԲǿߣô룬ԷȻѹһӲĶĿ
ȻڱֵļΪԵʵҲЩˣֻҪмɵͿˡĽǱƼˡĻǾķŭ
ܷﵺڱȺĵλҲԵЩΣõ巨ȴֲ׳ȥȻ˵ʱ򣬲ûйôһԼ巨ȷ̫ۺ졣ǶܣȻҲǵ±ȺһЩѵĲˡ
ټؾУҲȷ̫ԵһЩȺٵϵ˽ҲввȹȻûֳ̫飬ַŭѾȻЩ͵ơ
ĽȺ˱Ƽˣǲܲ˵ȻܹЩ˵ķؾСǿɻб𰡣
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ԼѾȥ֮ҲǵݳĵȴšֱΧû֮ϲŤͷԱ߼ҧ˽ٵ˵ʬ״ȥʣµġȫؾѰһڵСҵϢ


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Ʒ巨
Ʒ
ϣģƷȷ
ȴǵһŵĵɴ۾
ӵСǾ⡰ǾʮǰؾƳһƺ󣬴һеõġڼءǾ֮УҲй巨ļ򵥷ּ
һ˵ΪĸΡֱǷƷƷƷԼƷ
еġǾͼķƷ
ȻͼġƷ巨ȴܷﵺ췭ظһı仯ؾ֮󣬸ǿƷΣһǿˡ
ȻҾȻ˵пǻƷ巨ܲ
ҵҲһƬ䣬ҧٵķ壬ƲݣǻƷ巨ʩչ֮ı󡣶Сʩչʱ֡˿ȥһƬѪơ˶ƶϵġпǻƷ
㲻ǻƷһƷҲǾٲ˵ġݳ䣬ԣܵġ
ƷҲƷһܷﵺɵˣô죿̶ֳȵǿǵģҵҲǱɱķݰɣ
һǿߣӵֹȻûһ˿취ˡҵһۣСڰˣؾУȻû취ܲһӶؾаɣֻҪ뿪ߣҵһ˿ɭȻɱ
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ؾУǵĹɱԷǼӶԷзʱֻ֣ҪܷﵺϺһɤӣҲ֪ˡ
С뿪ǰŸ̤ؾžҪ̤ϹŹ˰ɣ
Ʒ幦ǵġǾôǿˣ֪ǻƷһǿᰡڴϣϽȥ
˶֪˵УôͲô׾ȥ٣ڽԷϵե֮ǰǲġ
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ˣ˵ˣϽٵǵʬ̧ȥ
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ھЩ˲ԶĵطƹһƲʣݾվԷһԻҲȻĶС
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ˣʶ಻ѹҵ˿϶ҲҳȥһܷﵺҲûʲôպã԰ǣһҡݿĺҵ˲ܾôưոݡԣһܷﵺһжԣǵǻ£ǺҲ˵׼
Ϊ֮ƣҪĻǸϽۻ㹻ĲƸȽΪ˵
뵽ҲٳɣһֱѡһɽȥĲ˹ȥҲûзǼܷﵺɱĴ㡣
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Ҫγһ໥ǣƵľ棬ͲĳһĲ̫Щ˶ǿߣܷﵺǿҲࡣʧһ߷֮Щ϶ͻηηβʱ򣬷ܶγǣˡ

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ʱ֮ؾƲʽƵĳͨڡ
ϥڵϣУһһ̲ƴСΪࡣȥΪͨݾȵģʶ뵽ֵ֮Ķ
ǰֵģһŹֵĻ֮ϣһɫߡеۣȴȻЩߣȴǼ̣һ֮󣬾ȻֹȥûκεĹɿԡ
Щֻռ˼Сһ֣о󲿷ȴһƬհסҲ֪Щʲôá
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֮䣬һЩط˴ЩȫϿȥ֡
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ѵؾĵͼɣ
գһ۾Ȼվʶ֮УȻ˳ͨ˳ȥ
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ΪʲôͷĹ㣬ɫǳأݿɫͬļͷ㡣ЩڣɫЩȴ΢ǳһ㡣
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ͬɫ϶Ҫﲻͬĺ塣ǵƲ·ϵİɫǰƳĽƣĹɫҲǳвͬƲ⣬ôЩǳһĹ㣬пܾƽĳ̶ȲһԽʾԽСԽǳʾԽ
Ҳ֪ͬһһƵġʵϣкܶ󣬶ʱƳһ֡ȻоٽƳַʱַ
һҲܿƽǶôһϹˡ
ȻҲпʾƵΣճ̶ȡɫŽǿ͵ǳɫºͣȻҲ֣ڴ
ô˵õôһݵͼҲǺ¡ЦţպҶؾ̫ϤݵͼԺ¾ͷࡣ
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ţĿ˿̣㽫֮˴С
ǲƷ׵ıΨһЩģҲǵ̺һϢȥ봫֮޷¼ӡֻҪʶ룬ܹеϢҪʱҲʶ޸ļ¼
ֿ̣˿漴ҲЩΡ


787 Ƹ
Щ˸зȻõǵĴǵӡȴڵܹɱġεҡͷȵҴﵽ֮ƾܹɱɣڿǲС
ݺΡһ·ɱǿҲв١սƷȻҲ١ĴڣʮֱʹйżֵߵģҪԪϵõĴԼǺڻþˡ
ϾԪǰǿߣݻɱǿһλˡΪִ佣ϼʮʱĸ׵õ˶ٲƸ˭Ҳ֪
Ӧò١Ͼ佣ڿɲͨɡΪ󻪹Ĵ֮һг꣬жжٵĵ̣佣һ˵ĳ
ϼȻֻһ壬佣Ҳ˿󡭡ҲϾһ棬ҲŲСġ
ԪΪˣʮʱ䣬չһЩҲ׾ٵ顣
ڻþһֱЩĵġǺڻþ
ڻþĿֲԹصġ춦ֻ´ʱⱾѾˡԪᵽǽġôͿԿ϶ⱦˣҲԲһˡпܱԪҪǿ
ıȻݿġ
ڻþ˭ģǼ춦ֵʲôΪʲôڻþǿֲڹһ춦·һʵĺܡ
ʱûƺڻþлļҲȫ棬춦ʱҲֻȷŵһˡ
Ԫ౦֮⣬ɳȺ֮󣬻ɱɣīԣԼܷ֮ﵺˡ⼸ȫǿߡȻʶѾﵽ̶ֳȣϾмĲҪɱЩ˵ӡֻҲǶʱ顣
ˣЩȴﵽ֮˵ɡȿղʬԱߵı
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ţҸղҲһۣ˵ȷǶ巨˵ô
巨һɣҲŲġ٣Ҳְܱϵʱ䣬ëƤ仯
ݵ˵ͷ

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걻ɱǿ壬ʲôã
ԣ˽Լָһ֣ĳȫ֮ĿģΪ˷ֹĳһԼ걻ɱӶɢһա
һϾġһնҲȷʵ󲿷ֵļ䣬˸統κмʱݾ˵˵õϹؾı˵֮ȻԸ䣬ȫʧϹĳǿڱ֮Уߵ겻һƲлǿձԭ
ѪҲȷǿ󡭡ղͬҲ巨ֻնͷ­Ǿˣ޷ѪᲢۡţҵѪȻﲻѪĳ̶ȣֻǱնԴ߻࣬Ҳڼ̵ʱָ
ܷﵺˣҲһȽϡȲ֪һ֮£ǸС
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ţֽԼĴУ漴ͷеĴҲɵ¶һ˿ڴ֮ɫ
Ҳ֪˶ˡȥҲʮˡⴢмӡǣֻҲɢĲ˰ɣ
ݲ²⣬漴ٳɣͷһһ⣬ʱӿ˴е󷨿ռ֮С
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ٶȥʮ֮ۻһʮƷʯҲʲô°
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ؾҲ߰˸ʱˡǣѾõôһʲƸδģ
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788 
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ݿ˷ܲѣãӣεġ굤ϣˡ
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ҿݣҲϣһҩЧ¾Ƴʮö굤
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ҪǣⵤҩǿظõġҲ˵ǾǿߣһöЧ󡣵ööأ
ѵǣеһöѾ꣡ҲֻġҶݡܳߣ
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Ͼڶ죬죬ھǿߵΧ֮£Ҫӳȥ²ʲô򵥵顭
뵽Ҳ˼漴ȴһʱԺ
˵ӦòȻԪѹƣҲֻǱѹưˣʧˡֻҪ취Щʯڣⲻ󡣡
ݾͺһƿӣЩʯеͬˮͻƾ磬ҲֻǽˮƿУֱ֮ȻȻĲ仯ƿӱø󣬵ˮ
жԪãҲСϾֻڵתѡ
ؾԪѹƣҲֻ޷Ԫȫˡڵתܹġ
뵽̧ͷĹˡ
ӵͼڵλõǱȽϿģӦ˲ࡣȫһЩ׼ȽϺá
£ȻԼĴѰ
ղƵһƣѧһµ󷨡󷨲óʱڣܹƳĵ
ƽշ˵򷨵ֶΣǷǷ֮һÿԱӡƵһ֮󷨱ȻȻıӡӵա
ڿƺûʲôƽԽԽǿƵԽԽ࣬Ŀֲ֮Ҳֳˡ
ʱж˼ϡ΢Ƭֿ֮ʼһϹС
󷨣ʦӷϹŴڣѸݵģȻҲϹŵЩпƸӵʵݺϤ
ٸӵ󷨣Ҳͨһ򵥵֮Ĳһ֪תɣ˳Ҫóѡ
ֻһָӶܡʱ䣬Ȼ˹ȥ

ʱ֮󡭡
ˣ
϶ʱһ˿ϲվ
ж˼鿴ȥɵ
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𣡡
ָһ㣬һֻ֮ǼʱðɵĹ󡣽Ƭ֮󡭡ݵǰһ
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ʱ˳Ĳڣ¾ͲᷢݡܿģһյĲһ֮ǰһ㡣һ̤룬ͻһ޵ѭСֱƳ󷨣ܿݡ
ؾʶǽȴʶġһƲʣȻϡʶֱ֮Ӿͻᱻɡ
ĻҲרŽ˶ˡֻҪʶһԲΪʶΧֹֻҪʶΧ֮ڣڵݣڲ£Ρ
ΪΧƲʽƻʶؾУʶãֻӦۿɼĵطûʲôơԼжżʲôΪˡ
ңЩεģҲƭԣʶƿ͸طʵֻǱɱΰˡ
ͺ֮ǰǸơʶ鿴һͨʵϣȴһԻýơ
ؾ֮УʶĹЧжżˣһʲôΪˡҪˣǸǳ롣
Ū˽ƣҲ漴һ֣һʯƾճǰ
Ũʱ
ʮʯ
ݴԲҪ


789 ֲ
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Ԫ޷תȫʲôȥԼڣ
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Ӵʶʱüӿ漴һʯҪʶΪǣڡ
ȻʶǾȴһǣ
ͺȥһ㡭Ǹǲܵ顣
ѵҪ뿪ռ䣬Ϊ
ݵɫЩѿ
뿪ؾԣΣ̫ܷﵺ֮ǰؾ֪ܷﵺٵԼɱˣѾƵ޵͵ȥء־֮£ȥȻΣء
Ȼʱ䷨򣬵ΧʵҲ̫࣬ȻΣա
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ôʯݣʱûһʼϲǽüͷԴٵת
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ҲʱȻ漴һҲ¶Цݡ
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ʱ֮󡭡

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ݴЦ˷֮
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󷨹Ȼ쳣
̲סпšԵʯоȡؾطѹҪԼȥ˼մ
һԼڲͣıǿĸоȫ

⿴ܼ򵥣ϸһ룬Ҫ飬ȴΪѡ
ȣҪʱûκƿҪģֻʱ̡򣬴ģƵôӴһٽʱ޷Ԫʱ䣬ͺ׽űΪȫϡΣ
ΣҪӵмǿ塣򣬹ؾѹδ̣㹻˵޷ܶܵƻͬΪϣΣ
Ҫþ󡣾Ѱ˱ԽӴټ㹻ؾĲҲѵáѡؾֵط޷ôһҲö˵ˡ
㣬ȱһɣ
ܹﵽˣж٣
٣ؾ֮УֻҲҲڶˡ

ϴЦֻһʱ֮һʯȫ˷ʯڻһ֮ԪʶΧ
졭Բ
ݳ³һ
ô꣬ĿʼԼΪˡ
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һ֣һͬСɽһƷʯǰ
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ÿһΣҪʯ
ڵԲʮƷʯԡҪڣһٰʮ
תٶȷӵ塣ı۾
ֲͣĸо˼¡

ĸʱڣʣһǧ߰ʮ򡭡
ʮʱȥڣʣһǧһپʮ򡭡


790 Բ
ٶѾﵽ£ÿһʱҲһε
ȥڣʣһǧʮ򡭡
־֮󡭡Բʣһ߰һʮ򡭡
ʱţݵԽԽ׳ﵽԲ֮ǣδͣ£Ȼڲͣǰʯ

ʲôûҵؾ⣬Ƶϡ
ŤĿǰˡ
ٵϢŭܷﵺңĳǰĺӹٵ԰ֻ꣬Ҫڻؾᱻҳġ
磿ʲôʱ򣿣۾죬Ť
ɱ·ϡʲô˱飿
ȻȴԼһ£Ȼʧȥ˵Ϣǻʲô
ŭ
ٵ˾ԲһֱؾеġڣɣΣؾУԪѹƣ޷ΪõʲôΪԼ֮£ʲôҷ˿ȥвСо巨ջ񲻻С
ؾֻһڡֻҪţ֮ƾܷﵺʵȻܽ¡ʱ򡭡
˵ҵҲ¶ڴ֮ɫؾеջ񣬶ǵģ
ԭŭŤı飬ô˵֮Ҳ΢һ£漴ȴõʲôãҷ䣬·Ѷϣٶ౦Һθɰ
ŭš
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ٵĵõ˴ƸƣҲǲ޸ּǵҩңȻӵƷϵ˵ҩĵõ˴ջ񣬵ʱǻȡֻҪóһּ֣ҾͻضġʱּҽףܻһöƷ˵ҩʱٵȻȬ·
Ʒϵ˵ҩ
һ
ûû˭˵ϵ·ͲֻҪܵõƷϵ˵ҩһоͶпܣ
пܣ
¶ϣ΢΢

˵ˣǵɱݣ
һܷﵺ˻һʱƵյһҲʮΧڴ˵ء
һȴݵİߣһԶܷﵺˣѯʡ
ӦǵġԱߵߡīԡ˵ͷӦȴ¶һ˿ޣڣӵ巨Ӧþû
ܷﵺ˶ɱ巨ȼͰ߸һԼİ롣
īԳĬһ£ĿӹܣƬ̺峤ϣܷﵺԶݲȤ֪µҲԽԽ࣬ҲȤǡ
һȺˡĻ˻֣īԵĻȻƵΧһۣƾǣҲΪУ
īҲ˹īԽĿͶԶĿ֮ҲһȺ۵ء
Ҳ΢΢һüͷĿ⿴Ǳߡ
ӡ߿һˣˣƺҲӦʲô̧ͷ
һżῡݣڰߵӦߵĿ⣬΢һµĿϣ¶ƽ޺ĲЦݡ
ߣ
ЦݣȴһջĿ⡣
ھ𣿡īҲջĿ⣬ߡ
Է巨ؾңҲûնԸߵȻȷֻܲҪﰲĵȴչһҪ߳ġֻҪ˵ţһʮ㡣
ǵõȶãīüķɱ𣬻ƾĵλҲܵõƷ˵ҩѾԶ϶·Ѿˡԣݿν֮ǡȻͲЩҵԱɱ֮ˡ
ȵΪֹߵǵܹīͣһ·֪ƵɼҲĻ֮϶׵ԣҪóȴĴ㡣
ڣ
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Χһͬǰˣ㶼¶Ȼ֮ɫߡ
꣬ʮꡭһߵȻҡҡͷ֮Ҫ㡣
ꣿ
ʮꣿ
Ҫôã
ΧһǻȻȴû뵽һε񣬾ȻҪʱ֮á
ʮܳ𣿡ȴһЦҲ͹ȥˡ
˵ţҲЩˣĿȥˡ
ΧգȴҲû˵ʲô
ʱ䣬˹ȥ

һº
Բ
ؾĳһ֮ͨС
۾ӦһԼ״̬漴³һ¶һ˿Ρ
ûڡ
µʱ֮һڰǧƷʯѾȫĸɾݣҲΪһԲĵز
֮Уһǿͣļţݸоõ˼¡̲סҪһ¡
Ϊ
ٶҪǴȥֻκ˶Ŀࡣ˵ȴ
ռ֮еʱѾɡһֱ۷֮ǰκεƿֵõôԴûжĻǰϹЩԴ
Ҳ⣬ֻһʼͬģҲֻһ
ڣԲһڰǧƷʯ߸СȽףһȽסСҿҲΪס
ʵϣȴֻһ
ΪǰںסԲҲֻһڰǧƷʯˡȥࡣ
ǣԽڣҪķѵʯԽ࣡
һڰǧƷʯ߸СȽסҪԲڡ
һ׶εʯҪһǧٰʮ
ǧƷʯҲ޷
ֲ
Խÿһ㣬ʯģ
⣬Ŀʼ
֮ǰҪڣҪһʮڣһڰǧ򡭡ˮн
ؾУƺҲǲܡЩڴﻹֻΧҾѾһԵõôĲƸֻ֮»ɣ
Ҫһ¡ƽʮƷʯҪʱڿôԺһҪһʮڵƷʯʱ䣬ֻ¶Ҫʮˡ
š
ȷʱĻյʱ䣬ѾǺż򿪵ʱ䣬ʱﵽ죬Ҳȫʧȥ塣
ʲôǿһľٶ̫ˡѯʷ


791 ʼƽ
ȷʱĻյʱ䣬ѾǺż򿪵ʱ䣬ʱﵽ죬Ҳȫʧȥ塣
ʲôǿһľٶ̫ˡѯʷ
С𡣡ﻹһ֮ǰЧǿʮľҲڸΣӯεıӡаɡ
۾һϲʮǾȫûˡ
ǿ΢һ㣬֪ٶʮϣôһʮڵƷʯҲֻҪķ굽ʱ䣬ȫˡֻҪҵ㹻ʯʱϣȫ㹻ˡ
ţڽֱӴ˵С
˵ݵͷƬ̺ԺУһ
󣿡
һݱ¶Цݡ
裬ڲ֪УҲ˲١ǿ֪ЧʣȷҪ֮ǰһʮϡ
󷨵Ҫҵܹ󷨵ϣҲװɣݿһ֪֮󷨵ܹľϣ١
ҺбӡĻһ⡭ݳһ
ؾ֮к֪ѸƽһǿֲûֻҲͬؾڵһؾд粽аɣ
ãݶԣؾԣȷˮ
٣ֽ׶ǵġ
ĥ󿳲񹤣Ƚ㶨ɡ
ţ󷨡

һʱ֮ڴ˵شµݣվ
ãڿʼһҪʮ֮ڣۻ㹻ʯ
ѾϣֱݵڡݵҪģȥѰҸʯˡ
ݵʶ˲뵽̵ͼ֮С漴ѡһĿꡣ
㣬ȥǻҰɫҲԶţպȥɫʾģǸʲô˼ƲģǷȷ
ţּ䣬ƹâָⵯ˳ȥֱӵǰµ֮ϡֻ󷨹âˣƬ̣ĿȻԹâ֮˳ݵСµͨҲؼա
ݿһۣ봢УѭŵͼϵĹ߷ǰȥ

Сʱ֮
Ƶؾһ֮ǰĿǰ
˵Уǰһݵ֮£ǰȴһɢŵâϡ
һͨԻ֮Чȴûʲôԡҿ󷨽ṹƺ̫򵥡һԻҪ򵥡ݹ۲󷨣Щ
Ұ׹㣬ѵ󷨣
ݲɵʶ֮̽УһȴǷ֣ʾԼΪ֮ĺɫ㣬ĿһҰɫ㣬һССľ롣
ƣ
ôûˡ󷨣ӦòؾĽƣ˺õġƵЩǿߡؾʱ򣬺ȷЩһЩ󷨷顣
иƣôĿģΪ˷Լɣһһ߰˰ˡ
е˿ûƽǿҪ󣬿ҪܶĹԼܳʱġ̻ܵʲôţ׾ͻʧܡ
ؾУ˿ʼƽ󷨣󲿷ֶ᲼һ򵥵ĽơһΪ˷ֹ˴Լһռ
Լ뿪ˣƣҲǸˣƣѾռˡ
ڴˣؾ󲿷ֵˣԾء
Ͼ˭Ҳûа˵ԼһƵĽơȻûְգôֺαȥˣ
ؾûУµĽȴǴѴѵǡ
Ծö֮ҲγôһԼ׵ϰˡ
ǰ򵥵ĽӦֻռõģõġ
󷨣ʵ̫򵥡ֻҪ΢󷨵ˣܹƳôܴﵽס˲ӰԼ

ȻһУǲġԡ

˵
ݿһ󣬾ù⿴Ҳûʲôã֡
ָֻһ㣬ӡʱֳһָǰ֮ϡ漴ֿʼͣı任һҲʱ
ȻֻʮϢ֮󡭡
ᡱ

һ죬󷨣ʱĭһ㣬ɢ
һ²⣬ȻǼ򵥵˼¡ݲɵҡҡͷ
漴ҲپΣȥ
ԼĪдһ֮ݵǰڳһơ
ƹâ˸ΧƲ磬ԵЩӡ
Ҳδֱۣӿ󷨱塭ȻѾ⵽ƻ̶ȡߵǰϸ۲һ
ӦѾƳ߰˲ˡжһ£漴ѯʣûɣ
Ƭ֮
ţѾƳ߰˲ϡ󷨵ƣ֮ǰӦһĻɱƣ֮ǰǸҪǿһǡ
Ƴķȴֲ̫ˣܶطǿƻġ˵ƽ󷨵ĹУҲ˲ٵΣɣ
ǿ󣬲ǲԡȥƻ󷨵ĽṹȻ⵽󷨵ķԷ˵֮УӦ˲ٵΣ
պãҵĻҲֲ˶ˣʱ䣬ø˽һһЩķ˵󷨱ƻ߰˲㣬һӡԺƽ󷨵ʱ˷Ĵȴٷ
ݵ˵ͷá
ţ󷨣˵ɱĽ͡صǡ
ʼ渵Ҳš
ֲ˶ãʱ䣬˵ǺҪһʱ䡣ΪԺȱ˷ľָƾݵĻݻûܹƳĽơ
ҲʦĽ󷨵֡ÿһʲôʲôʲôϣֿԱóĽڲͬ󷨣ķЩЩҪЩȴҪᡭ
һһĽϷڵԺеĺ֪ʶݸһéٿĸо
ݣͬһ޴ĺ࣬ŷһС
ʱ䣬Ȼơ

һʱ֮
ˣ
һ죬â˸֮䣬ǰĽƣʱɢȥ
¶˿ĵЦݡȻֻһ󣬵ȴԼȻƽġ
ţܲҲһ䡣
һԾԼ󷨷棬˺ܴߡ
ȻԼа꣬ʦһָ㡣ݸ̾ԼĻƽֶΣҲ򵥡
漴ȴڴ
һƣ֪һܵõٲƸ
ڴ̧ͷȥ


792 ƻ
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ֻΪǰȻһͨƲƵ֮ͨУȴδκε
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гʮֱִһǰǱģĵط֮ݲ֮ͣУδκ
ڿֽʲôƣ
ݴۣȴδʲô쳣̲סѯһ
Ƭ֮󡭡
ûСûнʲôơ
ûôһ漴Щʧ̾һ
ȻÿһƶӵдƸ
һʵһֱЩԤСڵ֪ؾſôһС飬ѾӵǧƵʱԤиǿҡ
ؾءǽʬ壬ʬĴ޾ƸѾ㹻𾪵ˡôЩôֵģΪʲôôʬ壿Ϊʲôÿһʬ嶼ӵӴĲƸ
һš
Ҫ⿪ֻн뵽ңԶֵɽУлˡ
ÿһƺ涼ضһʲƸĿԣȷǷǳǳС

ݵʧ֮Ҳܿ˹
ҲϾҲ֪ؾʲô£ЩƳؾʹ͸©ŹŹ֡ÿƶвƸԵһЩţֻҪʮ֮һУҲ㹻ۻ㹻ʯˡٶ࣬ʱҲá
ǸϽ뿪ȥѰҰɡ
ţ̧ͷһԶƵıơ
ǱƿƺܱʵȴŨȥΧƲʽӳһƬһ֮ҲˣǱΧİһεĽơʱǲȥĺá
뵽˵أתѭ·ȥ
ܿģ֮ǰǸҵ㡣̵ͼ֮ϵϢҲ޸һǻҰɫѾȫ˰ɫڸǱλãһߣԼͷһɫ㡣
Щ̵ֿͼط
ˣþȥѰЩѾƽ⵽һĽơʱ𣺡Ҫ̵ʱӵ㹻ȥƳơЩ˵ľ飬ǶǴȡ֮ġ
֮˵ͷ
һƽ⵽һĽƹȻٴڸԼȷƽⷽʽȷܹǿ䡣
ǽƣиоǳĴ
ãھȥ
ҵһҲӽҰɫĹ㡣˵أҲԶƮȻȥ

뿪ԼĪСʱ֮
һԲİ׷ߣƲͨһͷ˽ϴżּɫŲܿ죬ЩȲӡ
ˣطˣ˵չһΣһܹǽƳܣдڴ֪ƺ棬ʲôƸأţһдƸһУ
鼤Ųܿ졣Ȼ̧ͷһ֮ڴܵ飬ʱϡ
˭˭˭Ϸ󷨣

ؾ֮УĿķΧ˵ޡһۿȥֱֻܿͨطһƬ

̵ͼѡĵڶĿλã̧ͷһ֮ݵ˵ͷ
ӹȻˣЩɫǳһЩĹ㣬Ѿ˿ʼƽˡݿţܷﵺСؾʲôط󣬾Ȼָơ
̵ͼݴܷﵺеģûʲôֻǼ˵ͼˡ
ɴ˾ͿԿ㣬ȻһԼȥġ
⣬ûӴǾġϾؾ֮ҪŪÿһƣҪ͸Ƶƽ̶ȣȷҪɡ
ҵǸīԾͲ巨ǹͷ֮ǰҲ˵ɳȺ֪ܷﵺ巨аӣɳȺ巨ģҲֻܷﵺˡ
Ƕ巨ؾУȷһɲɵֵҲѹܽؾ͸ˡ
ݲ֪ܷﵺʮ֮ǿؾԸֶıƽ֮ĲƸۻġ̵ͼϵϢҲȷһռġĿľΪ˼أܴܲжȡһЩô
̣ܷﵺҲûмãֱɱܷﵺٵԲŵõôһͼ
һǷҡҲҪһЩѾʼƽ˵Ľơ
ţȻǰȥ
ͼϵĹҲһξ룬ǰȴѾһ󷨡֮ǰһǰһģһȻҲƳƵˣµ󷨡
۲һ֮
󷨣Ǳ֮ǰǸҪӺܶ࡭֮ЧлһЩɱЩȵ૵
һ󷨣ֻͨˡңΪ򵥵һ֡Ȼǰ󷨣ȴԵģˡ֮֮ǰǸ󣬲֪Ҫǿ١
ˣ󷨺ˡ
ʱȴԺ
Ŷˣһüͷ漴˹
ѹ֡˸ӣĿΪ˷ֹ˴ŵ󡣶֮ǰô򵥣Ҳֲռõġ
֮ȴ˵ȻڣǾȥһطɡ
áӦһ
ݵ˵ͷʶ̵ͼ֮УһĿ꣬Ȼת뿪ûǿǿ˼ҵĽơ

ĿǿЩƳƣۻƸͬʱҲΪ˷ʱܰԼʱഫԼһЩķʽʱϣȻǲȽϺá
ңѾˡֻһռݻӡȻ˼Ҿ֮󣬻Ǿˡ
ؾҲҪʱ䣬ܲЩͻͲΪáĻҲ鷳
ؾȻǡϾҪ뿪й࣬뿪ʱҲԽ鷳ϾؾУûһӹ֡ǿߣҲûС
ڱҪһЩѾƳһ̶ȵĽҵҲû취顣࣬ǲͻɡֻռǾͲ˼ˡ
ȻУҲԼڵҪĿʲôлֲ˶ãڷȫ˯֮ǰۻ㹻顣̣ȻҪ˼ƳһĽơ
ȻЩǸϾ˼ҺķƳһĽƣԼܹȥҪǿȷЩⲻȥҲıȥ
ȵ˯֮ûԼȥƳƵĻôʮ֮ڴﵽ죬һЦӶĺҲݾԸ⿴ġ
ԡȻǸҲֻȥ

󷨼࣬ȥӦռİɣ˵֮ǰ
ţ󷨺ûˡص


793 ɽ
ݵ˵ͷҲٿֱٻӡʮϢ֮󡭡
࣡
һ죬󷨶ʱʧ
˽ȥ֮󣬻ֽ֮ǰƵ˳ȥ
˲Ϣ֮ߵ˹ڵĽ֮ǰ
ţƣһɱûƶϴ󣬲÷Ļʱͻ硣ɱһֱȽΣյ󷨡ȥҲ󣬲Ƴʮ֮ˡ
ݵԺ
ߵ󷨻ʵȻȻ󵹲ࡣҲΪ󷨵ԣ߱ȽСġȻ٣ҲȫȻûУ㿴ƻʱʹõķȻǡ
Ȼƻ󷨵ԣЧȴԶԶﲻƳƵĳ̶ȡҵĻһѡá
һǱ˿ټϡ
һߵ̬߰˰ˣַҲ˸͸ݲͣĵͷżʣҲ꾡ĵĻشʱŹȥ
ʱ֮󡭡
ˡ
һâȻǰĽƣҲ˲ʧӰ٣¶˺󷽵ͨϣҲʱ¶Цݡ
ݲµ󣬵ҲĽƱ֮Ūʲô֪
Ҳһ䡣
վΡ
ϣƺ棬ջɡ
ţ˽ȥ
Ƭ֮󡭡
ûջ񡣡Щʧ˳
Ťͷֿ˿漴عջء
һ
ʶͼ֮УѡһĿꡭ

ʱ䣬Ȼ˹ȥ
Ī𣬽ذɡϢ֮ٻ㡣
Сȥɡ
ţСĵ㡣
š
ؾһ֮С
Բǿ߻˵˼䣬Ȼһ˱뿪ˡһˣҿ˿֮һ֣󷨼â֮ʧȻ֮С
ڹսǴ˸еݣ¶һֿЦҡҡͷ
ӣ˶ӦˡԺ󣬾͵Լͷβȥˡ
εš
Ѿʼһ֮ˡ
һʱΪ˿ȡ飬רѾƳһĽơֲͻÿʱ򣬶Ȳڵʶôʱ䣬ûб˷ֹ
һʱƳ˲°ơôĶܲؾˣ
ؾ˶ѾרѾƽ⵽һĽ֡
˶ĪֻΪԷٶȣʵ̫ˣ
ƽ⵽һ롭Ҳһ밡һĽƣôƽģ
ǣȴһ׾ٵƽˡ
ЩƵУЩǵЩǵɱЩǸ󷨣ɱ
Ȼʲôƣƿܲ𾪣
ȻĳǿֶΣ򣬾
ؾ˶ֹʶ
һʱؾ˶жҪҵǸжȡǿֶΡ
ʵ̫۲ˡ
ؾ֮⻹ֻΧˡǣƿһƣвƸǾǾ˵ĲƸӵǿֶΣؾУһıأ
ܵõֶεĻ
˶ȲƸκһ˶޷ܾġ
ȻѰҵḶ́ȴϵļѡ
ֻΪûһǸˡ
רѡƳ󷨣ȴӲ˷ͻÿһΣǵ뿪ؾȥƵϢʱ򣬾Ȼ֣ȻԼٶȽƳȻʧ
˴Ӻ
һʱѰ֮ȷ̫׳֣ҲͲ֮ˡ
ǣѵؾбأҪˣ
Ȼǲܵģ
ǣؾԭһһƵģʽơڣһƣٶͬʱвĸˡ
Ȼõ֮϶ҪĸƽֵġҲǿƱǿȻһึˮĺðɣ
ģʽһ벻ȴǷˡ
ԭܻĽȣĸͬʱƳһƣӿˡ
ؾģȻǶԼһĵһʲôʱҲֻԼ˼ڤ롣̸ۣ֮ϾҲֻһЩëƤˡ˶ԼҪƽ󷨣ϣ˿еõ̸۵ģȻҲͬһ󷨡
ǣĸһͬʼ󣬼֮ǣÿÿһʲôѣڼ̵ʱҵİ취ٶȣȻԶԶһƽٶȡ
ǣһƱ򿪡ʱǲŷ֡ԭģʽҪԶǿ֮ǰһһƵģʽĺá
ȻһһƣƳ֮вƸõĻǾһ˵ġĸ˵ĻҪƽ֡

Ҳܲסడ
һˣһҪüʮꡣĸˣһƣȴֻҪ£̣
ͬʱ䣬ƳĽӣõƸĸȻҲӡջ񣬷ҪԶһһƵʱ
һʱ֮⣬Ҳдƿ˽ơǿݴʱ̵ͼܿһЩ
Ѿ֮һǰɢʮ֮һ
Ҫ֪֮ǰǧۻġ̶һ꣬ɢʮ֮һ֪һĳЧжˡ
Ȼʮ֮һУаٷ֮ʮϣһƳġҲ㹻ˡ
һƽ˶ĽƣݵõĲƸȻҲǼΪˡ
⿴ΪѾﵽڣԼͻƵڵƾ֪һջˡ
Ѿûа취ƽЩδɵĽˡݿһ֮ȴε˵
ΪĴڣƽģʽȸı䡣ÿһƳĽƣʱʱ̿ݲЩ˷ͻ¶ԼȷѾûа취ƽ˼ɵһĽˡ
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Ҳֻˡݵ˵ͷ漴ŤͷԶ
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һ̶ƿͻȻҵ𡣳˼е˲䷴ӦһΣѪɫâһ˰סȻŤͷ


794 
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
ҡҡͷȴûκε⡣
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˦һ֣ϵīɫѪҺʱ˦ĸɸɾƲʷųһĻҲͬûκε⡣
һʱؾͲ֪ٴֹˣȻٲʲô
ݷëӦͬһǸëﱾһġΨһͬǣǺëûȻëȴؾƲʽûġ
Ȼë֮ǺëҪǿ١ǿȣٶȡ
˵ûʲô𡣵һëˣЩˡԻ˵Ǻëﻹëжϰˡ
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ⲻļεУݾۼкüڵߣͻȻֵëﵱɱΡ
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ãֱ߳ɽȥܲŪؾܡ
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󣿡
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ؾѾˣеɽȻҲǺ治ѡƲһ㣬ҲΪؾʲôܣ¾ɽ
ǣءҪɽȴûа취ö֮Ҳû˹עˡ
ǣⲢʾǾͲɽĴСˣ
ղûע⣬Բһ㣬˶𾪵ķ֡ɽȻˣ
ˡ⣬˵ڿɽ𣿡׷ͯߵĺˣɴ۾
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ߣȥöˣҵ·ˣԲȴ˷ܵĺ˳
˸Ҳһ˿ϲ˷ܡ
·Ѳ⡭Ҫȥ𣿡׷ͯյǿѹס˷ܣԴͨ̫أʵͷ
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ǣ󣡡ԲҲ˷ܣЩһֱɽеʲôôõĻᣬҲŹҲҪȥһ
Ҫȥҵûʲô׷ͯյЩǵĿߡ


795 
߻һ漴ƽ֪㵣ʲôֻʣһ߷ˡ
ǣҵԪҲ쵽ͷˡȥΣ߱ƽܶ꣬ʲôã
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ãȻˣǾ߰ɣ׷ͯյһҧͨǷֱܹɽ˭Ҳ˵׼һ·Ѳ⡭һҪСһ㡣
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ȻʱݣȴδԼ˿ڣǿŵ桭
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ȥУƳɱ󡭡ûû˵սȻѪˣǱɼΣҲָˡ
ݵѪŵ㣬ֻдﵽ߲㣬ﵽѪĳ̶ȡȻָˣɺüεĻҲ޷ָ
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ǰɢŨŨĽɫâʱʱģϻƮһ֣˸ݡ
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ƣڰǰġһܵ㳡֮ϵʮսʿĹѪʱЩսʿվԭزҲ˲ֺȻҲ⣬Ƭ֮䣬㽫֮ȫɱˡ
Ȼ˽Ƶľͷʼƽơ
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ΪѾﵽڣԲҲֻҪƷʯĳ̶ˡ
ҪͻƵ죬ȴҪһٰʮڵƷʯʱϣǳĽ
ԣҲԸ˷ʱ䡣ֱӱ㿪ʼƽ
Ȼû뵽ƣԶô򵥣
㳡֮ϵʮսʿÿȫɱһ֮ÿʱֻ֣
սʿḴһ뵽ˡȴû뵽ǡЩսʿÿһθʵȻдȵ
ǰ죬ӦԡȻ߰ʱӦѾЩˡÿζҪķѲСܽʮսʿɱ
ʮʱҲڿʼˡ
ˣЩսʿսȣȻԽĴ
գǵʮաÿɱһսʿҪ˻˵ķʽɱˡ
ҪǡƽٶȣҪƵ󷨣ҲҪ죡
죿
һ컹ܼܲȥ֣
ҧ֪ؾ򵥣ȴû뵽Σ֮󣬾Ȼգ
⻹ΪѪܼôãˡ
ѪƽֶΡˣ֮ҲΣǻˡܹסһѾǼˡ
ڣѾǲԼ׵ֵ˶ٲˡ
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796 ɱֲ
ڡҧȴ뵽˷
ȻҲйƽģҿѾӵ˵ԣܹ͸һʵ͸һЩ򵥵󷨣ܹ档
ԣзڵĻԵúܼ򵥡
֪ÿһ֪еУȻٶȻҪڼ򵥿ݺܶࡣ
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ǰѾΪлĹ˳˯
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ҧţȻٶ۾۴򿪣ȫעĹ۲ǷУܿ͸һЩʲô
ʱѾȫĵͶ뵽֮УԼµѾƵ顭
ѾǹЩʱˣ

ˣûκνƣ
ȫעʱӰѾԼٶȳ󷨱Ϯ
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Ȼҵͨ
ɴ⣬ҪСģ
ģ
ӰವģɿĿš

ʱš
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ҧһתʱ

ԷʺīɫѪӿսʿȻء
ҧվϵѪɫ뵣ٶӿ޸ϵơ
֪ǲǴԭŨѪ뵣Ѿ΢һЩ޸ٶȣҲԶ֮ǰݡ
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ݵɫ΢һ˿԰ףҧûз
ݣ
޺޵ţȻȫע۲󷨵С

һһΡЩսʿͣĸݵ࣬ҲһֱͣĴϡ
һαһأкüΣͿսʿնΣѪɿģָƣѾԽԽ
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󣡡
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һ֮󡭡
ɱ
ɱ
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ݵҲ˺ۣÿһΣǴֱۣնţüαͬʱУնΡѪѪɫһֱݰţͣ޸ݵĻֻѾˡ
ݵɫԽԽףҧؼţһսʿ˻˵ս֮Уͣȥ
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Ѫɫƣɡⶼݵı־Ȼ˶ֻ֪ڵΪˡȻʱǵʶ֮УȴʾšˣڵΪڣ
ΨһĽ;ǡԷؾΪ
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Ȼ׷ͯյ߻ûأȴͻȻͬס˲һ㣬Ȼֹһ˫ۣ¶飬ǰȥ
ߵ̧ͷһҲ˲ͣס˺

ЩսʿսеݣĿһɨ֮Ҳһɴ۾һҧԽս
ռĴһӰȻ˳
һʮ
Ƭ֮󡭡
ɱ
һ󼸺˵ĻǶɢķͻȻռը죡ðڵĸˣ㶼Դһɡ
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ռ䣬ȻԽֵսʿһˣʮսʿ
ɱ
һʮսʿӰ˲Ϣ֮ʵ塣Ȼһߣ˹ȥ

߶ʱ
ȻЩսʿݶѾ޷⣬ֺοû巨ߣ
һȥ
˫Ŀ죬ͻȻüǺڰ͵üģһֲʶ˲Ϣӿӭսʿɨȥ


797 ͻ
ʶֲһսʿսʿΣȻһ˲ͣ١
ţսʿָ˹˹ȥ
û꣬ʶãԲߡ֡ݣ԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫ
ؾУ޴ӶԪ뷨ǿսʿǺ޷֮
׷ͯյߡߵݣѾһƬҡ
ҲʰͻȻ˷۳졣
Ȼ޲
ʮսʿѾ˵˽ǰֻ˲䣬ǵϡˣֵֵضûУֱӱʬ
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Ѫ˲
ɱˣһʮսʿһݵͣ٣Ȼ󣬳ɫ۾ɱ˼սʿݡ
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һʮսʿʱҲ˹
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һʮսʿǳ棬Ծ𣬵һжֹͣס
ݰѾն䣬֮ϣһɫƬɫƬ֮ϣŵ󡣶ʱǴ⿨Ƭ֮ϣġ
ݱն֫廯һѪţһѪɫ֮УȻָȬȻݵɫȴԽ԰
˵ϣץһʱָ
ӡʱ䣬һӡԣһӵʱԻָ
һӵʱ䣬£·ͬһϢ
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ʱ䷨֮ڵֻҪʱ䷨Ľ˲䱻Ƴ

һֱӴʮսʿȻʣµսʿʮսʿһ˲䣬Ҳָ˹
ռ䣬ʱֳ˶У
һǿӿѪɫĿһɨ˲䣬ҵݡ
ɱ
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նۣǿҧأֳֽһ̴̣˶Էʺ

ಣ
ǹ̴ţۿѣ׺ݵһͷײ˶ԷԴϡԼȶԷǿ壬ֱӽԷԴײѪ


֣۵أȴҧ촽͵һţߴ˶Էš


˻
ɱ
ѪҲס˷ƻѪɫԽԽݵ˼άҲԽ
ɱɱɱ
ٲԳɱСÿһ֣ɱе
Ȼսʿʵ̫ˡൽȻһδαնΣ
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ǣⱾ֮ϣȴ̫̫Ķ
춦ͼڻþ
е֮߱ϡǿϣҲⱾ֮ϡ
գƺѾⲻһˡ

޸žҵƷ֮ݵԴն¡
ݵУҲһ˿
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Ѫ㣿
ݵкȻӹһ硣
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ݵ۾˲ԲɣȻѾûʱȥˡ
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͵һҧ
Ȼ󡭡
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ݵʶе꣬ͻȻҵĲһ˲ͻȻȻѣ
ʶǵصĽâüУɢ˳ռ䣬棡

ž
һ죬޸ģڽâɢһ˲䣬޺޵ݵԴ֮ϡݵԴҲ˲䱻ҳĩ
սʿݵԴһ˲䣬ֹͣ˶վһ˫˫˫ĿҲȥ˿նĺɫ

ռ䣬ļžš
֮󡭡
Ȼݵһֻ֣΢һ¡ţһѪɫâͻȻݲ֫ϣð˳
ԭֹսʿԭڶ۾һ˿⣬ٶ
֫ѪɫâԽԽʢգһŵѪš󣬳һһ޴Ѫš
ԭѪɫ֮У֪ʲôʱ򣬶һ˿ɫһɫģߵС
֮󡭡

οĴЦ֮ص˿ռ֮С
ɱ
ʣµİսʿͻȻһȻ󣬳Ѫţ˹ȥ
У˲Ѫš
ڣҿɲǴɱˡ
οĴЦǽɫѪ֮д˳
ǽɫѪţ·һ޹̬ʣκαУɵĽ֮иһιֱӾͽѪиʮݡ
ȻѪŵеЦȻûͣЪ
иʮݵѪţٶȾ£ûκεá
ϣȻڽɫѪų͵һսʿǵĹѾκεвˡ
ˣˣ
ڣЦͣ¡һԴϲ
ţͿѪţͻȻˡ
ûһѪȻЩսʿȥ
ٶ֮죬ֱšκսʿ޷ֵסѪŵĳ
գۼ䡭
䡭
һ춯սʿһضǵؿڣһټѪ
ѪŻûѪ̺Ч
ѪžۼһڽѪɢȥˬݣǰ
ϴЦԭ԰׵ݣҲȫָ˺˿ղŵĴսҪڣͰƤԵð𪣬й
ݵͷ̧Լ֡
ɹˣݵϣҲżּ
Ķˣɹˣ
ݵѪпʼһֱ㣬ȫ׽ٵжȹġһ֮ףǲ㽫ʱݸ
ݼȥʱʼ֮ڣһֱ̺һ˿֮׵ֻһֱǱŶѡ
һƵУ壬εĻˣȻָڣѪ󼸺Ҫɢһա֮Уһ˿֮׵ҲȻݵ֮Уͣǿš


798 Ʒ
ֻһֱҳͻƵ߲㣬ûתȻѾﵽǸΣû꣬ȻҲûдﵽ߲㡣
ͷѾ֪֮£Ҳֻܶһġ
壬ѾԳ֮
ͻƵ߲㣬֮һֱûͻƣԭǡҪԱꡣȻ뵽ÿһѪҺС
ܹܣȻͳɹˡ޷ܵĻԱ൱ɱݣȻҲ׳ԡ
ãɹˣ
ѾԳ֮Ϊ֮ϣֻҪɢ壬Ѿ

ÿֲĽƣ
ݰƽʱԶڶȺġּҵϣټĽȺС
УԲ΢ֵݲ԰׵֮ϣǰżѪҺϣȴž顣
ƥУƥУԲ龪뵽ЩսһӵֱӺ޷ͱɱĳҲ̲סһ
ѪɫӰ˭ǰڣھȻѾڣԲôִǽƵģԲ㳡ϼѪɫӰȴǰ˼⡣
λѣҲǺķʱ䣬ƳǸȻŷͨġ
ôѪɫӰôԽǣȽ뵽ǽƵеģ
ѵͨ򿪵ĲɣԲͻȻðһԼһĲ²⡣ȴҡͷܡѪɫӰǰֻڣɣʾˡ󷨣ôȻǻһͨ
Բš
ؾͨ˴һ֣ͨƺҲǲܵ顣
ʱ䣬˵ڡѵؾͻƵķԲЩš
ؾԪ򣬾㶼޷ԣ޷ΪѪɫӰĳ֣ȴԲһ֪
ԲߵĵһӦ֪ͨ˽ȥ
Ȼתһ֮󡭡
ԣѪɫӰȻҲ֮ǰʮսʿȻѾʮѡֳ֮һʮսʿֻҲ׶༪˰ɣ
Բüͷ΢Ĳ²š
϶Ѿ׶༪٣
һ뵽һȺ۷źĿսʿԲٶȻһս
Ǹƣ棬ͲܹƳ롣˽ȥֻҲԲ߳ĬƬ֮ȴǰš
֪ͨ棿ü漴΢΢ҡҡͷڲڹɳȺҲ޷֪ͨ뺣żҲˣʱ涨ȻҪġʱ˵Ҳ١
ǻؾĵǣ֪ͨһóȻȥ
뵽Բվ߳˷䡣
ˣ
ϡ
վſһܿģһ˹
ȥ٣ͯǽйԲߵٸԪ鵤
Ԫ鵤ǻԶʱһ̲ס̧ͷԲߡһؿڵѪҺʱһеϣ
£ȥɡüͷ΢壬ֵ
ǻһҲҶʣӦ¡
ϻص䣬˷ţ֮ϣԺУȴǽѪɫӰ顣
֮󡭡

ԲߺȻ뵽Լĺѡ
һ뵽Ѿʹȥߵ֮ϣҲֳ˼Ȼ
顭Ҳǽ֮ˡ̾

ͷһ£ôˣǿɾֵ̫ˡҲЩҵ̾Ϣš
漴Ŀӹ档
ղһ˲䣬ɱһٶʮսʿЩսʿʬǣҲһʧˡ
ڣƶҶԣҲʲôˡ
ѪӵͻƵ߲㣬һʵķԾһ㣬˲ɱһٶʮսʿͿԿĳ
֮֮ǰ֪ǿ˶ٱ
ԣڵݵҲ̫ȥˡһ죬ҲܱƵ
תλȥ
ղߣһͱʬݿǿеġ
ǺڰӵܿȥСҲ֪ʲôıߵΨһһˣȻ̡ʱڽƵһͷоһǿʶֱļ¡ܣȷǲС
ǡƷ
ߵ˵֮ʱȴȻ۾һһ֣ϵĺڰӼ
ȻƷ
۾ϸһ֮ȴһôðɣƷӿȥ棿Ҳ˵
ˣѾȫˣͷһⱦһ֮
ƷжǿͿݵܿˡ
ϵıﲻ٣ȻҪ˵ôģʵɣ
Ȼǿ󣬵л㣬ѾԷӳκε춦Ȼأε󷨣Է裬Ҳʵʱ޷áڻþʱĶȻҲ޷á
˵ͼֻ֣ǿ߲ſֱӣڶݶԣҲһá
ΨƷﵱıƾŴƾɱ˰Ԫ
Ʒǿ
ƷҲֻīϵ߲ѣԼκмϣǸѹڡǸƷĽɫӡģûڼˡ
ڰǧġǧۡҲֻƷıˡﲻƷĲΡ
ɳȺ֮󣬸ûмǰӣǵһ
ݵ裬Ȼһ۾Ϳõġ֪ƷĻҪ뵽˵ʶеġ
Ҳ˵Ʒӣ֮ˣҲǵߣѾˣ
˵ҲסĻƾҵ֮ҪҲǲܡ
ݹЦ
ıͨеӡǿԲϵĸﵱдġ޷
ĻǾǱˡһӡǿǿʲôطĥҲ֮ĥˣ
鼤ҲûϾͿʼӣǿ
УսۡսУƷġ
ӹȻˡŤͷһ۵ϲʬһǵߣͷ­һߣĿĵɴ۾Ȼ͸¶żʡ
˵ıﶼ״зġ
׷ֱЩģЩı
ҲǵùǸʲôΪ˷ֹ˹ԲŲһѶȲС󷨣û뵽ҡͷ漴ԼĴУҲٹעת۷ȥ


799 
зͷңҿǵΪڹɳȺ֮УλҲ͡˵׼˹ȽƳȻϽ뿪ɡ
ЩսʿսղͷС˻зȻûġݴȻ뿪򣬵ˡȻ£ȴҲ鷳
Ѿȥ꣬ʣµʱ䲻࣬ҪŪ㹻ʯҪģ
ݵͷšЩա
ʯԿ϶ܹ㶨ˡ֮ء
ҪһһڵĳԣټҲá
һĵ

֮
ؾ㳡
Ŀǰơ֮УһĲͣ˸
ԭˣĽṹѹһʼСṹȻǾ쳣
ĿšŽһ㱻ƳһʼеĵطҲڵĳݵ֮С
һȥ
Ƭ֮󡭡
һ
۾һϢȴ
Žֹ֮һ˸֮
ˣ
Ȼأҵ
̧ͷһ֮ȴ¶һЦݡ
Ʊƣռǽƿռ䣬𶯣Ҳġ
š
Ȼ𶯼Ӿ磬㳡Ϣ֮УΧƲˡ
ֻƬ֮󡭡
ᣡ
һ죬ǰƣĭһѿ󷽵ռ䣬ҲʧӰ٣¶Ʋͨ
Ҳһվ
ʮաȻΣ֣ҵջȴʵС
š
˵Ѫﵽ߲㣬Ѿݸе⡣
򡭡ҪͻƵ㣬ȾҪԱ꣡һαƵ˾׳ԣϾһɹǾ͵ɱ
һε֮ضɹˡ
֮⣬ݻĵõһöƷ
Ʒ
ɳȺҲҲ
ԣݵջ񣬵ȷǲС
Ϊ˷ֹٴȲһ˵
ţִӴȡ˼Ȼ˵ϡ
ˣ
һ֮һĻƾճ֣ͨȫȥ
󷨣֮ǰǸ󷨻ҪʮʱӦòˡš
֮ǰǸ󷨣֮ǰµġȴʱ²õġ
ʱ䣬ÿ춼ҪƳƣݵ裬˺ֹʮµ󷨣ȻҲԽľˡ
ЩվȻƲͨȥ

ƿ¶һģһƲͨƳ󷨶һģһġͨѣͷ
֮ϲδκεĶݲδżƳĽ¶һٸˣȻҲסƲͨһĳʮʮҡۡʮʮ֮ĳλϵġ
ݳǰȥûΪûеһʱ俴ʧ
ԽɽˣҲҪԽСȻٳ֮ǰ̶ֳȵĽƣҶûʲôвʾûˡ
ǧٹ֣Ȼĺܡ֮ǰɱȻڵ˵Ҳʲôˡ
Щɵģɱ
깥ĻݵΪǾԳܵġԻסʶһҲûаա
ϾʩչҲҪʶġ
ԣСĽ
ƲͨƺããУƺ֮һ㣬Ŀĸо
۴򿪣Ʋ磬ǲΣһֲ⣬Ѫ߲㣬Ҳ׵ĳȥ
˭֪ûаʶģУǿ޶޲ˡ

һ
Сĵǰš
Ʋͨÿһת䣬һķΧ֮ڡԣһ֮⣬Ǿǿεġ
ܿġ
ʮ߹
ţЩɻ漴ЩʧôľȻûκαô
ҡҡͷǰյͨЩղ׼
ȥƺûʲôơѵͨЩš漴ֵ˵ͷ
ܡ
Խǿɽ˭Ҳ֪ƻʲô仯ÿ֮ļ仯ƺҲǲܡ
ֻϣһνƾͺá
ͷţ漴һҧǰȥ
ʮ
һƽ
ʮ
һƽ
ʮ
һƽ
ȴͣ˽Ųüͷ
ѵֽʲôˣüͷ塣
ؾĽƣǳԹˡĿǰû̽Ƿ˽Ƶġ֮ǰǸɱ󣬾ں֪̤֮ġ
󣬵ȷͷۡ
ǽ˽ڣӦҲɱҪ¶ɣѵһĴ󣿡
Щղס
ؾĴǸ󷨡е󷨣Ҳɱ󣬶
ǣԽǿɽΣԽءͬģ󷨿Ҳǲʱ򣬳һ쳣ĴƺҲǲܵ¡
ü죬Ҳ벻ʲôð취
ˣҲãɱҲաȼǰ
룬ڵ϶һСƷĳ
ĻһЩҲû취еİ취ˡ
һĿռ䣬ҵڻֱĻԶҲ߲ȥ֮תơһУȷҲһ·ꡣ
ȻҲٳɣǰƲͨȥ
ʮ
ʮ
ʮ
ԽԽԶеɻҲԽԽء
ȥӦòôԶȴûзµıСһ·˲ٵı·꣬һ·һҲûȻⲢһ
ǡѵѾͨɽнƶˣ
ü̧ͷһɽѾӴޱȣ·ǰһ㡣ڣѾܹ͸ĿɽһЩ·
Ѿܿˡ
Ȼݵüͷȴ
ǰǹϷ
Щҡڲ
ǰʵδ׶ΣҲԸȥðա
ϾһֻͨؾͨеһˡͨԹƳƣõƸȶԣҪ⿿صɽĵطİȫĶࡣ
Ҫʹ˹ϻͷ˵ʵҲЩԸ
δ˼пдΣͬҲпд
ؾ͸¶أһеܣпܾɽջ󣬶ʵС
һ룬ΧӵӴĲƸˡôڲأʲôƸĻֻþ춯ˡ
һУݺѡ
Ǽǰһѣ
ǹϺˣԼĿꣿ
ԥ
֮͵һҧ
Ѿʮ߶ʮûбǰʵʲôƣҲˣ


800 ӽ
ͨû꣬ûڶƣԵûвƸݻȷȻҲԸô
ԥҡڲ翴Լ˵Ρ
ֻ߶ʮʮ֮ûջ񣬶ͷ
һεĿϾֻΪ죬̽ؾʱ򡣡
ţ£ӿٶȡ

ʮһƽ
ʮһʮ
ԼĪߵ׾ʮʱ
ٶƹһսǡ
ǣ
ݵ飬Ȼ¶һ˿㵡
ԭպù˲еƲͨһս֮󣬻ȻʡһټĿռ䣬ݵǰ
ݾ㵵ǣδƲͨϣͨ
ѵֽһƣ
üͷ壬ӿ켸ߵǻȻʵĿռڣ̧ͷһ
漴
Ȼɴ۾Ųͣ£ҲȻͣ
ֻΪǰټĿռڣһʬǣȻǰ

ռΣһȥԼĪаС
˷ǽ覵ƲʡƲ·ռաΨһĳڣݵ
ռ֮УǺһصʬǣȴԵ÷ۣ
ЩʬǣһѾɭȻ׹ǡǹУҲɢһء

ĿɿڴĿţãų³һ齥ƽ
ȻһҵɱЩʬǣɱ֮µġ
ݵʶʶӹռ䡭
һǧ˰پʮߡૡ
⣬ռڣµʬ
һ߾ʬǣ󲿷ֶѾûƤ⣬ֻʣһЩǡЩȻһЩĺ֮ȴܿЩʬǰȻй巨
֮ϣЩ·ֻһֱܷУɫʬࡣʣµģֱǻɫɫɫԼɫ
߹ȥĿӹʬǡ
ɫߵ࣬ԼĪɫܺϵһ롣һߣһ߿ţӣؾĳɵĵͳ֮صĻôͺп˾ɫǡ
֮ǰ֮ͨڣҲ˲ٵʬǡǺɫߡɫߣȻҲȴٵġ
һ߿һšȻһ²⸡ԺС
ѵһŵĵͳ
ӴţĳһգĸͻȻɱ֮Уԭ֮˷Ĵбԭ֮ȻҲţݿŵϵʬǣͣƲ֮ǰ顣
Ӧþѹ֣ѹ֮ǰĽƵУʬǣ䴢У༸յĴôЩյĴӦþϵġ֮ĶһС
һʼɻЩڳֵʬǣΪʲôӵӴĲƸңĴУжʮĿմ
񿴵һĻƺҲƲˡ
֮ս
ֻҪɹߣȷܵõĲƸϾһţһӴţӵеĲƸȷǼΪ˵ġ
Ȼ󲿷ֵ˶ûд
һ·ȥĿҲڵѰЩϣûд
ӦþҲ²ĲӦԭűɱű֮£ǷŵƣҪҲȫ
ݼƲ⡣һؾƣƳ֮ʬǣвƸҲ˵Ĺȥˡ
һţȷмΪֲĻڴġ佣ڣһɱתƽʱֻеĹͷŻȫһľɱ֮󡣲ֵңȫֲ
ؾУƳ֮ҲȷǼ˼ɫʬǡɼĲ²ӦǲͷĽƣǵҲֵġ
ؾΪֳڿռ϶֮УڳڹɳȺƵϡȴ̫Ŀܡ
пǽƱӵнתƵռ϶е¹ȥǿռ϶˲ǳһѿڣǡƵϡ
пдߣֱӽŶתƵ˿ռ϶С
пдߣֱƵϿٿռ϶Ȼĳ֮أֱӽؾ
һнпܣҲ޴Ӳ²⡣
ＫпֻһսĵطĽƺġݿΧĿռ䡣аοռ䣬Ψһķ򡣶ں󷽣޵˭Ҳ֪ӵδĸ󷽣Ǳøɽ
ȻеɽѾܽˣʵϣ޷澿ʲôġȻнƴڡ
սûпɽ֮⣬һҲ˲²ԭ򡭡
ƳĽҲ٣ʬͬ١űˣôŵһЩͳӦҲȥ˵ȫһǿ϶ġ
֮սȻŵĵͳؼġѧһЩ΢ϵƷףҲٲˡ
꣬ҴδЩϵõκĹҲһЩ򵥵巨ԼֹؼˡҡͷǿģҲƷ൱ؾֹģԼƸ˵ЩȻĵͳ
һ㣬󲿷ʬǶֻʣһѰ׹ҲԿеĶֻǷƷ巨򡭡ֻҪƷֻǽƷ޳֮Ҳ԰
仰˵ˣΪߡǿߣһҲû֡Ȼսڡ
ؾĹģƵǿҲǷǳǿš佣Ҳ޷֮ȡ佣ڵĵͳͲƷʮƷĹΪ١ţûǸȼĹڡ
ݵõģֻһ֡Ǿ
ֻǷƷĹ˵ġ
Ĵţ˵ƷһƷܲ˰ɣ
ԿԿ϶ֻǵ֮սһսս档
ҲֻǿߣӴĽơ
ݵĿ⣬ɽ
սпܾˡ
뵽Ҳ̲סһ
ӴţڡߣȻҲߡΪƣ˶
Ѿȥʮ꣬ȻǿߣҲˡ
Ҳ˵
أɽУĴ󱦲أ
һޱǿĵͳĵµı
ݵ۾ˡ
ıء߿Գ֮Ϊأ
УУݺȻҡͷ޺ҧڵĿֻ꣬죡л⣬ȥܽȥ
ڻʱ򣡡
澿ЩʲôΣգ˭Ҳ֪


801 ֮
ǿ߶пˡĽƣһֲֿ
ΪûзһӦУ
ԣܽȥ
ʱ򣡡
ݲͣţ֮³һҲ¶˼ּ㡣
һʬǣÿ˵Ĵˡһвࡣ
ֻҪаٷ֮һĴڣһεջͽˣʯҲ㹻ˣ
ȻһطȽΪȥȻ뿪ؾȥ취Ū뺣ż
ûҪðգ
ҪҲҪȷȫ֮󣬲ûк֮ǣ
ԼȻ͵һһʬǣ˹ȥ
ռƽȥûʲôơѰҵʱȴҲҴ⡣
һȻȻвġһʱҵһ¶Цݡ

һҡ
ǲʶΪֶ̫СҴ඼ѹʬ档Щ˵壬ʶ޷͸ҲƲʽƵһ֣ͬҲ޷͸£ʶҲʹ
ϾʶҲܵġ
һ

ʱ֮
ãã
ݷһʬǣµĴ̲֮סЦ
ƸƸһ£˵ڡڵҲˣ
˷ޱȡ
ȻһʬǵУд󲿷˵ĴˡġҲ
ٶ΢ɨ˼ۣÿһгǧƷʯȡ
ҪڣҪһٰʮڵƷʯЩѾȫ㹻
Щ֮⡭˵ģЩµıսף
һѾٻǺõġ
ȻûƷεıǣÿһƷĳ̶ȣ
ƷıǺεӴĲƸ
һСţҲδôĲƸ
ݿοЦ
û뵽ΧӴĲƸˡÿһͨͨһսĻ
ݼҪ֪ؾͨȻͨ˴ͨɽģҲٰ
֮ܽһƵĻ
Щ̲סҪһȥơϾĲƸ̫ˡ
̫̰ˣ̫̰ˡ漴ȴҡͷԳ
ҪѰҲƸҲõȵżһ֮ˡʱ͹ȥˡ
뵽ݳһ
ãҸطͻƣ
һݵջ񣬿ԶԶĳʯҩϣѪͻƵ߲㣬һƷ
νջ
ݿοЦ
ɵ׼뿪ʱȴ΢΢˶١˼һ֮ȴֻȻһ֣֮ϣپʬǣһƬâʧȻڲɣֱӳ·жȥʱʧټĿռ֮С

ʣӲģ
ңң˾ʮ꣬úöţȻҳ֣
λܣ
ؾݺύƲ֮ͨУһ֮Ȼ졣
ΧĲǿߣ㶼ɻŤͷȥ漴ߵӰһǰԼٶӹǵǰ
ÿ죡
˾㶼һգۼ䣬ߵӰѾûͨĹսǴ
׷ɱʣ
һ¶˼־ȡ
ʵҵֵ÷зģֲǲ֪ԱߵľװҲŤͷȥ֮ǰһרŪһ͡Ȼֻ˲£ʿǵʱͰĵһλ
֮ͣǰ΢΢һҵû˵
һֱؾҲһֱڱչУȻ֪װҡҡͷ˵ʱͻŪú֣ɳȺ֪ˡʣǵʱͰһˡ˵ͽߵʱ򣬿ǴﵽһһǧƷʯأʱвٵĶˡ
һһǧƷʯΪ֮һңôֱʰ
ʲôֱʣװ߲мһˣ˵ĺˡ
˵в˶ʵλþؾġ˼˵ˣûˣǲʯġװЦʯ˼У˼˵ʲô취
ûˣȻܸߵһ£Ӧ
ûˣװЦֲǰ׳գ֪Լ鷳ܳȥע⣿˵ʱҾؾʲֹһΣ˳εпû֣
Ϊ֮һɻ˵һƷʯȷС˵ӦҲֻǾţһëɣΪôʯǾԻٳŵԼҲҪˣ
װ߲мƲƲ죺һڶƷʯҲһСĿʡʡɡ˵桭ڣ˭Ҳ棿
΢΢һ漴Ҳεҡҡͷȷڣû˸Ҳ档
һʱˣ׶༪˰ɣղǵٶȣҲ巨ɣת˻⡣
š˵ǰҾ˵õ巨ղǵٶȣȷй巨ӡװԵ˵ͷ
԰ǰƽģʽı֮ƿĽԽԽ࣬巨ҲڱԽԽ˻õңһ
ǿһ׶༪ˡҡҡͷȻȥҲ巨˶ڣؾڣҲӲȥˡ
϶ġҵɱڳڴءװҲͷؾڶ࣬޴ӡڱɱסȥƵһΣӲȥˡ
ϧˡѵóһҺҳİ˵ţװ߸̾һ
ȻҲôð
巨áؾֻҪСĲҪƣûʲô¡Ŷ巨ԽԽ࣬ЩˣؾԽԽûλˡȴǸ̾
ǰʲôʱҲŪһ巨ͺˡװҲЦ
һεĽƣһ㹦ϣаɡ
š
˵ţнԶ
˵Һʵ顭
йϵôؾȥҲѾϰˡ

ɶ񣡡
ʷӴšƲͨͣĴӹ
һôôˣɱȻˣѵΪһڵɢޣδҲ̫˰ɣ
Լղһ뿪ؾ̱˷֡漴ɱͳԼֵĳˡ
ùǣҾȻҲõˡǾŤͷһۣӰţƤҩһ㣬Լ᣺ѵһҪƽ䣿


802 
һ뵽Լƽ䡱ĳͷֿʼˡ
ģ̲סһȻͷӡ
ʱ̣ܲƽ䡱ǲҪƽ䡱ĺá򡭡
ʣ㻹ҪˣΪ׵һڵĺߡһ׷ţһЦ
ؾƣӲȥڴӡ峤λڣȥҲˡȰ㻹־ܰɡҲɱ㣬ֻҪԹԸһˣңǺ¡
Ĺƨˡб¾ץҪ˾͸Ͻӡͷеʺֱ
߶ʱɫһ࣬漴ߵȻˣҾͿܵʲôط
ӿٶȣ͵ŤͷȵˣҲҧʹϣڼӿһٶȡ
ɶ񣡡ɫ࣬˸
ʵԣе¡
ȻҲ˻ǾҲﵽеĵڶ㡣ؾŽƱƽԽԽ࣬ЩƣһɶǿֲĺܡɲԸʲô֮С
ǹǽŲ·֮£˭֪ʲôʱͿʲôֲƣ
ɲһȥ
ʲܲˣһͷ꣬Ҳе㼱ˣٿ㣡
ȴ١
˵ٶؾж൱ģδߴ٣Ҳ޷ʵľ롣ֻܽ

׷һӡƲ֮ͨУƬ֮䣬Ѿܳȥ˰ʮ
ȻҲʲôƣؾ˾꣬ͽһ·͸һ׷ͬͷӬһҴܣʵȴЩطûʲôƵġ
ʮľѹ·ɾһĨˡ
ɶ񣡡ҧгݣѵҪһν䣿
ԥʱ򡭡
𣡣
һȻģһƷ֮
ţʶʱһʶģһŤͻĻ́һʵɫʱһƬ࣬ŭѡ
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һͷëȻʱͻȻΧƲʽƵгˡ
ʣ춼Ź㰡ĺ߶ʱϲ壡ʣۣ
ɱ

ˣҲʱһ񣬺ХУȥ
ȻëĹٶȴܵӰ졣˾ͲԶһ飬ʱͱ׷ˡ
˽˹ëƺΪղһûлʣЩŭŭһҲ
Ĺ
ŭâһʱһɫˣȳǹһ˹ȥŭϮӣ
ѿգХҲ巨ٶǼ졣ëȻҲʺŭһ֮£ȴҲֵס
𣡡
˲նëǰצīɫѪǹҲǷһʹ
ȥʴһ̧һţʱɫֱӳȥתҪܡ
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Угֱӳ֣˦ֱӳʷȥ
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ߣ־ܣϷȻһҪż翹ҲݹϷ飡ȴɭȻЦȴ˿ͣǱһķɳȥĳҲһץץУʣֱӾ͵ͷȥֶζ˿ûֵ˼

߹׺ݣʱͲִмܣһԵʮǱոأٶȽżһ㣬˶ߵĳǲüͷһ亹
ӵĵ𣿡
˹ЦУٶ
ؾ֮У޷Ԫ뷨˫巨ҿζ൱ģ˵սҲ൱ġ
һȻռϷ硣սʮַḻȴҲȵˣǱѡ
գۼ䣬ѾֱӺ˽һ
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һμѶߵһѾǱ֡һ֪Լû취ˡ
ӣȷҪƽһˡ±ͷ𷣣Ҳˣ
һҧȻ׼Ҫƽ䡱ʱһ󲨶ȴȻҵĵطͬʱһŤͷһ
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һҲ𣬽ţǰԭһͨƾճһתϡ
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νƣ
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һͣҲʶһ˿ϢĻᣬԭҪĶҲʱͣƲͨԵҲЩĿƾճֵĽƣĽƣȻҶûз֡
¶һ˿ȡ
ͬʱͣµĶǡˡȴδֹͣԼĪƬֻ֮ġᡱһ죬âʢĻ飬¶˺󷽵һͨ
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һģӣŰ£ݿ
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ߵһʱʶһɨֶԷڵΪͷʱһɡȻҰ£ȥ
ң
һ漴Ŀӹܡӹʵʱȴ΢΢һ٣¶һ˿ɻ
ͬʱʣҲͻȻֵݣԷò֮ҲһҲ¶˼ɻ
Ȼ˶ԷЩϤһʱ䣬Ҳ벻ˡ
ϾѾȥ˾ꡣҲûļ档һʱ벻Ҳ
˵أûϽ뿪
ҼһݾȻǺߣʱüͷһ塣һ꣬ǲͻֵ
üͷʱһ壬ӹһ˿ãǿ꣺ң
˵ʲô

û뵽ݻͻȻ˵һʱŭһʱŭ˳
롣ݲüôĶҵ¶
С⻰ʲô˼ߵʱһڣݵĿ֮У˼ɭȻ
ǰԵˣȴӺеɭȻĿ⵭ӹˣҪ磬ȥȺؾɲҵġҰʲôط׼


803 ī
ˣ
˵ʲô
Сӣ
ҼˣһŴԣԼĶ䡣һڵļһȻҸҽȻͲȻŭʱɫ·Ҫ˶һ㡣
С𣿡ߵɫڣĿеɭȻȻ¶˼ɱ
ƣݶʱ۾ưɡΣ
Ǿ͸ȥ
ͻȻα𣬳ƿգݵѱһ̶ֱȥ
̹УķХ֮
ǾɱֶΡ
СӣԺôţ
ȥ
һҲȥиǴĽ
Ŀŷ˹ˣߵҲ鷳ǵˡҲա
أֻȻһΣˣ˲ûһӰ
ߵĳ˲͸ӰȻȴûа֮С
ʲôߵͷƤ˲һ飬͵Ŀ񺰵ע⣬Ǹ֣
أһת
ȴֻ顭
Ȼת۽ȴֻһӰ͵ӹ£ֱ֮㶵ˤڵء
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һϮ£˸ղվλá
ֹǺɵסˡʣҲɴ۾ȻĿݡ
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㣬㵽˭ߵݶ΢΢ɴ۾ȴżֲšһֱݣҲ˼־š
ңŤͷζĿźߣԴ⣺һ˰ˡ
߻һлҸݣͻȻȴ·͵ʲôȻɴ۾
㣬ݣֶŵĴ
ݱͨϾǾǰˣһȻвִ׽ݵġīȻ֮һԲǺȻҲݵʶģõǰڵȻѾ죿
ݣһԵһꡣУҲ¶һ˿𾪡
˵أôһʼо졭ԭͰϵﰡ
ɵĻ뵽ǰؾ·ϣӦݵ겨ȥʱȴڿд󺰣ҪʶʶͬʱͰ׵ˣԷȴûг
ԭԷҲؾ
ǰǲ⡭̶̾꣬ȻѾﵽڣʵһһ˿𾪣ѵؾΪķ
ݾĿźߣЦһȻҹȻǵĳĳ˵һ𣿡
㣬㾹ȻȻڣܡⲻܣأԲŵǰؾҾһֱš뿪㣬ôΪؾǲΪ𣿡
ؾԪ޷Ȼ޷Ϊġһ㣬ǹɳȺǿߵĹʶ
ѵ㣬ȻؾΪķ
лƷطڣȻؾΪķ㣬㵽ʲôˣʲôˣ𾪵̧ͷݣһźѾȫס
ȻĻȴݵüͷʱĿ⣬źۼӹһԵʡʴʱҲһ֮ɫ
㻰̫ˡݿźߣɫҲ
㲻ɱң߻ع֪ݶɱģŵҵϵӣʮǿ߾ؾţɱңǾŹģ
Ȼ֪ң֪ôܣôҲ֪ҸҵĹϵˡһźȥɱɱ㣬ʲô𣿡
Ǻ߻ˣˣңҵķѾˡɱңҾˡҲ
ݰЦȻûͣ½Ų
һ£һ£߼ȻԽԽţͻȻһɱңҪ뿪ؾҲǧѣѵԶ𣿣
仰üͷһ壬ɵͣ˽Ųۿźߡ
ʮˣؾ֮⣬㻹ʮ˸ӵܣУǿߣʣµģʮˡȫߣ߼ͣͷʱһ˿ϣ巨ѵаմôǿߵгȥ𣿣
Ļͷһ
ҾȻôˣ
ߵˣ˵һʮˣ󲿷ߣʮһ죬ǿߣ
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˵ǿߣ㹻һˡ˵Ա߻ʮǿߣʮǿˡ
ʱ䷨ڵĻмְաڡ
ͷЩΣ֮ȴɫƬ֮ƽĿߣз뿪
УУֻҪӦɱңа㰲ȫ뿪ӿһ˿ϣ˵
ݲɫƾʲô㣿˵ôǿߣôࣿ
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Ǻ߻ˣ˵ˣԷȻĹԼֵа취а취
巨Ǹ࣬ǲҲΪ巨ǣаǽؾУƾ巨ǾڣҲ˿پ˰
Ļˡ
ݵȴ¶˼⣬ŲҲͣ´źߣţŶһֵλ
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ҵλȷǲͣ
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ī࣬ҽī࡭ߡīࡱҵش
ѾˣΪλҪؾѵ֪ؾΣգݲī֮£Ǻһ⡣


804 ı
ī΢΢һ漴Ҳ¶˼ֿɬȻ֮ɫʵֺγֻǶ֮ǰ˷ҵΪˣ֮·ȻϾ
˵īҲӹһ˿ɬ֮·ϾˣǾԲһʹġ
֮ǰؾеõ巨ڼҡ˵巨֮ؾͲôΣաҲǱһԵ̬ȡû뵽紫һ㡣巨ؾУֻҪСһЩͲʲôΣաԣҾͶ˼
ݻȻĵ˵ͷԣǴؾ׬ȡһʲƸûȡƷ˵ҩ
ǵġīʵĵ˵ͷ
Ʒ˵ҩǺܹأ˵ӦҲʲôɣݿīࡣ
Ʒ˵ҩȷʵϣг۸ҲһƷʯѡҶԣ㲻ʲô
㲻ԵɡīɬƷ˵ҩȻ󣬵ȴʮֺңĵҩּСΪҲֻּҲӵƴ
Ҳ֪Ʒ˵ҩֻ֮ƷΪߵΪԽߣЧԽҪ㡣
ּⵤҩҲģǻеľΪںġÿֻ꣬еľһְˡɳȺǿߺ֮ࣿ˷ģҲмһƷʯɽ۶ԶԶֵ
ϰڵƷʯ˵ʲôȻһλȴҲ֪ԵľءңôܺķѴң
˵ī۵ȴӹһ˿
ݿһͷ±ˡҲ£öԷԹԵġ
ѹ֣ڸ֮䣬ɵѡ˸ˡ
뵽ݵ˵ͷ˵һ˵ôǽɡ
īһ𣬶˵Ҳƭǡ㲻֪һˣȻ󲿷ֲǳģڵǿߣȴʵʵģֻʱû巨֪ؾκ㲻ãԲһֱؾ֮⡣Ѿʱˣ
īĻһꣿߣȻԼꣿ
ӣԼǵ͹ǵľˡͷЦ
һҲû뿪ؾ˽ӴȻ֪顣
ߣѾǾеԲĳ̶ȣļֻ͡Ϊ֪ʲôطԲûóȻˡīֻҪ߳ȥҵλڡҸҿ϶һģ
΢΢üƬ̺ȴҡҡͷⲻܡ
ΪʲôīʱˡҪ֪û취óŷİ취ɾҪ
ǧ꣬ѵҪ
ī಻Լˣңһģ
ȴȻҡҡͷ˵Ҿ꣬˵˾㶼Լ֮ˡ֮У಻ؾѰң˵Ǽ˽֮ˡֻƾ˵ҵңôҸҿ϶һ֮Ҳѡãա
ˣҵģɲֻһ˶ѡղˣзɣһɣǿ϶ǻǶ˵ġ£ǲܽġƽ˵
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֪֪Ҫ𣿡ݿˣյأԸһȫ֪ǳĶ֣
īʱŴͣĿݡͷȴķһ˿
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⵹ҲʧΪһ˼·Լ°͡
īʱһĿݡ
ü˼š
ȥ˰֮³һӵ׼óˡૡ
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漴ݵ˵ͷãȻ㲻Ҿ͸һᡣ
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ī죬ջһҧ۾񣬶ʱſ
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ֻʣһ룬֤˵ķȷ˵ġ
漴ݵָǽ㣬һɫâ˲ûīü֮С
īֻһĸоͣʶ֪ʲôֲȥԼʶͷźµ˼¡
֪Ǵӵﰡ
棬ǳīţȴҲ˿ķ
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ˡݵī۾һ޴Ŀݡ
һЩơΪղȫſµЩƣҪҲˡݿīϾˣҲɣ
īɬҲֻܵ˵ͷ⣬⡭
ܺáݵ˵ͷһʱʱ䣬һʱ֮Ҳƽ⿪ôͻᱬը
걬ըīһ
ҲֻԼֶΣֻҪ˵ȥȻ⿪ݵĻĺɫԺÿһЩ漴˵ͷ˵ɡ
ݵ˵ͷ漴һԵʡ
üͷ΢һ£Ȼһ֣һƣƾɣīȫ档
ҪĵȴĵһһֶΣһƾƣݺǿ裡
Ȼ漴ȴ¶һ˿աֻΪīĶԻһҲˡ
ҪʲôֶνץʵǺ浽˼¡
ǽƽȻƳƣȴҲóɲ

ץ֪飬ȴʼԸīࡣ
һȥ֮󡭡
ݻĽƻ֪ī࣬īһģȴþ
⣬⡭ǣǿؾҪī࿴ŵݵ·ڿһӡ
ƻֻֻ̫ҪؾˣҪʱ򣬵Ƿ֡
ҪɳȺǿΪô
Ū󶯾ôļһɣȻóȴȻһЦ漴Ҳ˵ǿī𣿡
īĿЩԥֻΪƻ̫ˡİⷽȥִУŪֻҲ޷Ӵµժȥˡ


805 
뵽ܾܿϾվҧҧͷˣ
ܺáݵ˵ͷȻһƣīؿڵȥ
īɫһ䣬һҧӲĳ
䣡
һƣī൱Ѫ˳ȥûһ˿Ѫɫڵϵīվһ֮ȴ³һƬ⡣
һȭǽˡ
ʵڼֲסˣͷöҩ׳һ
īҡҡλεվţӹ׳ͷһһöҩ
ƻˣԼȻΪüƻΪġơ
⡰ơȴһЩһȭˡ巨֧ţڶѾ˰ɣ
īѵţһ·õöҩԼơһ룬ȴִͷ
⡰ơһΪüƻΪ档һԣȴδҲǱԼ
ˣԼ˰ɡīҧš
ݻּ䣬˽ơī̧ͷһ۵Ȼݣһҧͷĵˡ

ͻȻ򿪣īܵһ²ðΣͷʸǺˡ
׷ʲô£ݵļƻʲô
ʲ㳷Լͷ漴ȻĽĿתݡ
Ȼһ֮ͷȴʱһֻĿӹһ˿
ֵܣ㲻ɱڰɣһ飬ʱһֵǿɶѵܣɱ⹴ð
ԭһ漴ͻȻ¶һЦõ顣
˴˭ˡ
ԭ㡭
ٺ٣ȻǵңʼݿڣͷʱһɡΪߣؾǿֲ
һм䣬ɱؾս൱ͷ𶯡Ȼ˵巨һ㡣
ȻԼһЩֶΣҲĲΪС
Ҿ֪ʱ϶ǶڲԶءĹһЦǰȥȻ
ָ֪Ǿǰһں֮ϵ顣
³򣬻ּ¡Ҳεҡҡͷ
ףڽԵе㾯ġͷʵʱȷ̫ͻˣ֡
ʣ൱ЩֻЦЦȴδ˵ʲô
˸пǰֻֻڰˡ񣬾ȻѾˡʿݸпš
ݵĿһʡ
ףʵĲʡ˾Щءһݵ񣬶ʱЦַģҺأȴǴͣҿʲôҲû
ͷһϣգε¶һ˿Ц
ò˵һʼȷǶɱˡתһ룬ʱȻзģɱһ߷ʲôãñ¶ҲѾ¶ˡ
Ҫǡʵ죬ȻĪĸомСˣЩ֪γ֡
ɱɱҲʵҲһˣ˰ɡ뵽һ˶ʵɱġ
ܸĳܣĳȻмƽղһĻҲˣĳҵ˹Ҫһ׼ûʲôµĻԱɡ

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뵽Ҳֻεĳˡ
ȫƾ֣ĳһĳȴǼˣ֣ص˵
ǡˣĳҲг϶ĪҪ̫⡣ݵҡҡͷ
ǡᣬĳȴǻ֮ʴйϾбֶΡԴУȻҲʵижֵĳ϶ĳȨʡ֮ʵʵڵģĳȴһõĳĵطֲҪֻҪĳܰæԲƴǣ
˵ţȻּһƣݸЦĳͨõĳĵطˣֱһƴѶұˡ
⡭һΪȴݶĸйٴҲЩ˼Ͳ˰ɣ
ھ֮ǰĳҪʶʶ֡òôһᡭֿĳɣգһ۾
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ܡ˭ûأ
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Ƭ֮ȴ¶һЦݡ
ʣˣƢֱˬȴֶýˣȷֵһ
漴ݱҡҡͷ
һʱԣøϽһǡ
ţҿһۣһȥ

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񶼹ȥ˿СʱˣīЩǡ
ҲˡǾһҪӣȷҪķһЩġȻƽĿ
ҪҪȥǣīüΣվЩǣǲʲô֮ˡ
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ī黹ЩǵĿؾڴȴҲٶ˵ʲô
Ƭ֮
Ȼԭƽڵصİߣ͵۾ӹһ˿⡣
ī䷢ߵĶͷһʵʲôˣ


806 ӡ
ȴüҡҡͷ漴ֱ۾īԼ״ʱ֪ǷǱߣʲôϢˡ
ȻƬ֮󣬰Ȼ۾кһӣߵôĵӣ
ôˣīѯʡ
һƻǵĺ£ȫɱˡĿؾڣȻ˸ҶҶ֣
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üƬ̺ҡҡͷ˼ǿ˲㽫ɱī࡭ֻҲ׶༪١
īԴˣȴ¶˼ֱȻ֮ɫ
īֵͬͬܣ硰ī֡īĵܵܡ峤īɡҲͬ˹ϵȻī࣬Сһ𳤴ĸȴǲ١ī䣬īҲĸźīʣҵļĳϵλãвٵı仯
֮ǰҲˣīΪѵܣΪͬ˸Ҳǽһ˲١ǰī֮īҲʱ֮˻һ𣬸ҲԽ
ԣһ߿еجģҲһ漴ͷȴǱ
һ桰ֳͷߡһ棬ȴҲΪ
īķѾˡھ˵ī࣬ˡ
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īԴ˴Ҳҧ˵ͷ
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ֵ˭ѵǲ׺ڻּҵˣīҧɳȺȻû̫ĳͻҲĦϵȷôáʱҲб˴ɱ
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⣬ô£īӭȥʮҵӣҲ䵽˵棬Ȼī˵ϡ
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ġǸղſڵҳٴνī˵һ顣
ӡʱüͷȻī߹ȥҿ
Աҳ߿óһСȦӡӡָһɫʱƽԵī档漴ӡüͷ
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Ȼӡϵ˵ͷָֻ㣬ʱһɫŨīСīɫɫâԡ֮£𽥵ĺת
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ӡϵ̫ˣ
ƣֻƷҩҲδƻָ֮졣
Ʒ೤Ͽ巨ģ屾ǿƷ˵ҩֻҲָܻ֮졣ƷĲŲɡ
ӡƷҩƵơ
š
ҳǣһš
ӡӵƵҼ·˽֪顣
ǷǷʲô֪
ߵĶУȴɫѿ
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ȻŭȴûʲôжֻǾĿţɫѿ

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ӡϣīۣǿӡãȻ
ӡ΢΢˵ͷջָǷ·˲ɫâҲûˡ
ī磬ʲô£ʲô˸ɵģīߵīߣһ߷һ߿ѯʣʲôģ


807 ر
ΧˣҲһī࡭ҵؾбɱˡ˶ջ
ڲ棬ȴǷǳͳһġϾǶˡ
ī֮ȴȻһ𣬷·뵽ʲô͵Ťͷررˣ
ر
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ʲôر
ΧҳǱīͻһ仰Ūһһգ۾ī࣬Ȼûع
رϰپʬǣ
ī·żĺܣغ
ϰپʬǣ
һ漴㶼һȻɴ۾
ؾǵҲһˣнƿʬǣвƸǶ
ǣ࣬˵ּƿһƣʮʬǡʮʬǣʮŵõʯʮڣҩ
⣬ѾؾʷֹƸˡ
ī˵ʲô
پʬǣ
˴ɵԭأЩز
رϰپʬǣ
ī仰·𽹼˼£û
ԭЩĿźȻƵһ˵ƵǿߣһҲһ
һپʬǣ
ļٵģ
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ʲôλã

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īȻ峤ϵĸ磬ӡΪ켶ǿߣҵĵλҲΪǷīһɵĺīǰ治ʲôȻҲҸɫ
īƺҲͻȻع·Լй¶ܣ϶ʱֳһ˿԰֮ɫҵ⡭ңҸղ̫ˡ
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һؾģвīһײˣҪ֮·ġ󲿷֣зġ˵˷֮󣬷Ľȥӡ롰ŪĶСȻҲһֵ֪¡
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ȴ¶һ˿Ц֪ɻʵϡұǸ˼顣
巨ΪǿֻһУ㽫˵ȫɱƾҵĻǾΪʵҪֵӳѡǡīʵ¶һ˿𾪣һ⡣
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ī磬ʲôλãٵīԼˣôƸֻҪõҲΪԼһöƷ˵ҩԼ֮·
۾죬Ŀīࡣ
īԿ飬īͷȴһ漴ӹһ˿̡
ղȻƻԣʵʶ֪Լ֮īԵĽǡ
ټīԶֵ֮飬ƭԷؾкܡ
Ȼһ뵽Լ굱еĽƣȴòݺݵһҧӲĳ׳һλãѱע˵ͼС
īӹ̣ʶһɨ
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īԣû˿īĻ
ҳһҲ˷ʱ򣬾Ȼûѯīӳˡһӡˡ


808 Ѳ
ǰٸ˵ʯ¾һʾƸ
ԣ˽ȵǣ
ӡϣ峤ϣ
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ӡĻóͷԵҳǾ㶼һȻҲһīࡣ
īͷһ̾׼һСӡ峤ϣȻԳȣ˼֮ôܵɿġ
нī൹ҲֱӵΪһˡ
һˣӡüͷһ塣
ӡҲİ
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ݣ
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ī϶ĵͷʱƲʸոѿ˱Ϳʬǣ漴𾪡ȻƲʿѣҲŪ˲СĶƬ֮󡭡ݣ֪ʲôطͻȻɱ˳
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̫ˣƷҩ޷ҵƣֲֻʮϢʱ䣬ҩЧˡá硣˵ţīҲֳһ˿£ɬ巨൱ҷ˵ĻֻҲӲɣ
˵ţȴ¶˼ְ벻ʣȻҲΪؾ޷Ԫ뷨򡭡ֺڴˣ
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ݣǸڵ
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Ȼд˵巨Ǿг֮ȴҲĲ
Щ꣬ƾǾǿûؾȡ֮¡һ٣Ҳ׬ȡһЩƸȻҲͷһ԰
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ī˵ʲôݣȻֻһУˣ
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˳ĬʱȴǺȻ֣ƵϣѾʼвٵǿ̲סؾгȥˡŽԽԽ࣬ЩԭЩɵˣҲ˽ȥ
ؾȻ࣬ƲʿѵλþȴԶôһѷĳȥһʱҲλãҲҪð
ҲЩˣһӡ峤ϡ
ӡ峤ȻЩɣԽԽǿ߽ؾ֮ҲʼЩҡ
ѵбӡƳһԱҲһĿؾǿߵī࣬лЩɡ
ٽȥҪ˽ȵǣ
ӡЩɵʱһԵ峤ȴһҧ
ǣ
ڶ೤϶ʱһϲ׷һΣֱӳؾȥ


˶ˣ
죬ϣ
ԭЩɵǿߣһ˶ˣʱ
ƵʱȥԽԽࡣ
īһϴżڴһ棬ͷȴ

ֻΪӡ峤ϣȻվԭûж
ī뿪ڴߴǽУȻתһ֮ȴҧ
֪˶ղһ˵ʣЩɡ̫еĻ·ǵıʶƲɣ
ǿߣȻô׺Ƶġ
뵽īһҧ͵վλϣҲȥ
˵꣬Ҳӡ˻ػһԾ𣬳ؾгȥǱ飬ȷǼ͡

Ƶϣֻʣӡ峤϶ˡǲɵĿ⽻һ˲
峤üͷһ壬漴һ֮Ҳ˵һվǳؾ˽ȥ
ӡüͷšܾʲôطԣȴ˵īղ˵ĺ˵֮УҲʲô©ټƵеǿߣѾؾӡͷҲЩꡣ
һīأǵУȷ˲ƸأԼȥƽʧһʲƸ
پʬǣؾ׼⵱У᲻һЩ𾪵
ţӡȻһ
ڣʲôúµģʲôΣգҲסҡ
뵽ӡ֮Ҳ¶һ˿šҲڲɣһ৵һҲؾС
ˣƵûκˡ

Ʋʽڣһ߾ʬǣ˵ڵϣһȥȷ°پʬǡǾڵϣһЩʬԱߣһҲĶ
ɵλãȷҲƲʽ֮ڡȥȷ·ƲʽͻȻ֮Ŀռ䡣
ƲͨԵһ˸һݽȥѺۡ
һƬȥѺͷ֮ͨϣһƬˣȥһӰҲûС󷨸Ӧǿܷ֣֮һ֮ͨϣȴһСС󷨡ΧƲںһ壬ֱܷ
Ȼʱһ˫۾ȴ棬濴š
һ׼Ҳ͵Ϲˡ
ݾĶ֮ڡ
裬ԲǾǰˮ׼ˡıӡУѾ³󷨡ȻɻңңڣˡϹŽƴдʧ˵Ľ죬µĽƣͬҲûܹ׿͸
Ѿ͵Ϲˡ
һֱģŪදҪҲȡϢʱˡ


809 ȫ
ꡭǺԡͲ֪־֮£ǷܰĵȴأƽĿ档
پʬǣٸÿƷʯʮʮ򲻵ȣƷɡ
⣬µĶ
ͺķǧڵƷʯƸ˵㲻ʲô
Ѿɹ˵ڣȡʯȴʣ°֮ޡ˾޸һڣ㲻ʲô
֪ԼһŪöСһëΣֻԣһԴﵽԤڵЧڶīҲҪ¶
ī౩¶ûϵµʱ߳ŭһʣī࿸סѹֱӽԼ¶
ݵһҪȥؾʱҪ˴򽻵˶֪ܵĻֻ¶жҲҪɺܴš
ԣһƷʯֲӣóҾ档֤ԼϵܲŪ·˽֪ȫֵõġ
˵֮ǻÿһΪֻôһ㶫Ǿ͸ûϵˡϾؾеĲƸҲǿġÿβƸж١һٵ̫࡭ֿԾ̫ˡȥ²ɡ
֪ߣ˵ī࣬ʣڰ֪֮ع˵º²һЩʲôҲûʲô
ֻҪ·˽֪ȫɳȺԵоͿˡ
ڵȴսһ𣬳Ϣ뿪ɡƽ
پʬǣٸ˭׷ĲƸȻһսʱңؾеսȡҾǿߵмְյġ
˵ս֮󣬵Ƿνġءʵˮּ󡭡Ҳˡ
սУǲܹˣȿжٱġ
˵սлսˡȴû˿
ﶯģⲢǿǹģԼ̰ҪɱˣȻ͸
˺θɣ


һӰ֮вͣС
죬죬ҵˣ
֪ʲôط
۾죬š
ϣҶռ
Ҳںк

ҪռߺߣȻ巨ֺּγûУڡǻططؾУɲܵ˿Ӱ죡ⱦأּҪˣ
һȺ鵭Įͳһɫˣĸ֮

ɶΪʲôƫƫʱҲ׺Ÿոջȥһǿ߰
ǳɫǿߣҲȺ֮н档
ȱأ˶ƴҲҪһݣ
ϣϣ
۾졣

һǿߣĸҡдͬҲɢޡЩӵ巨ЩûС
ڡپʬǡջǰǾ㶼ҧȥ
˭Ķ˭ҲԸȱأˡ

ݵ״ʲôֶƭǶ˽أ
ؾƲͨСһյ˼šĵȷǿڻ˼顣
죡죡죡
ϣ֮ˣ
Ҷ̱أ
˼֮УȻǰͨ·һӰٿӹģһ֮
ʶʱһأʲôأң
߼֮ǰʱͿһӰһ򼲷ɶȥû˶࿴һۡ
Щ˵飬һ۾죬ҧгݣЩ̰ȡ·Ҫȥһʲôõط
ʿЩԻȴȻ۾һɣ⣬ѵݵļƻ
ͻȻݵļƻŤͷȥ
ǸղǷ򡣡һ֪ǵȥ
ݵļƻѵһص壬ҵƭǣΣǳ֮⣬Ҳ֪˰
Ƭ֮Ȼһ𣬵۵һ
ˣ
֪˼ܣƭǿûʲôЧǣɴīཫһϢȥʱֻҪƵһīĻôƱؾҪŽɵ˽ĻֻҲҪסټīԱߴߴһֻǶҲ˼жα
ǸʱСĽֻҲ̲סһɣ
ֻҪǽݵĿľʹﵽˣ
ƣơݶĵİգ𾪰
һ𾪡漴ȴ뵽ֻһԵĻȴؾǿߡһڵĸϹȥһȴָʲôûСǾҪ¶ʱ߳ŭǿߣѵҪɳȺΪУ
ͷӹһ˿ɻ󣬵漴ȴһۣԣݵĻֶΣȻɵ¡϶ʲôҲ֪ļƽϡʵ۾ʱһĶʱèһУҵùȥСӺ«ﵽʲôҩ
뵽ҲҲסˣһתͨȥ
ǰҵˣǴ棬ú֦ڡؾͨͨ˴ֻҪϵ֮ǰǸλãһ֮ݵҪʲôҲˡûвȥ뷨

ؾƵ˺ƺƵĶڱȽƫԶĵطڽƵ֮⣬һĻˣ㶼˼ɻ󡣶Щ˲ͣĺУһҲ˹
ر
پʬǣ
һеĴʻ㣬һ۾ҲʱҲ˲ȥжαһͬһ׷ȥ

ˡ
īȺУȴͷǿɬһۣͣһ˷ܿȵǿߣ޵Ķˡ
ֱӳ뿪һ뵽Լ굱еĽƣȴֲòӲͷƤȺ
Ѿ󡭡ִǵؽ磬˶һжֻһƭֵʱЩǿߵŭ
ݲŪһɽļƲߣԼ˶ƭȻԼȴ뿪˰ɣīͻȻһֹðôһ뷨
漴һҧзż˿ˣҾͽеܶҲù
īҲ֪ݱ¶ܣѾ㹻ɳȺĴСȫۺˡһ¶ɳȺĴСɢ޶Ź
ǸʱɳȺ׶֮ء
̬īͷǰСﻹһ˿ҡݻһ׼ܹѹסȺǿߵŭ𣬴ӶسŵŹԼ

ؾǿ߾㶼жЩ˵Уеӵ巨ЩȴûСȻǿߵ嶼Ϊǿ󣬵巨˱ٶȵʱǻҪԶԶǣһʱ֮Ѿǰкˡ


810 ּ
ǰȻӵ巨дͬҲһЩɢޡ֪ⱦصջ֮£ƽδ¶巨ˣҲһ¶˳ɢޣȻ㳬ࡣйɳȺСһӵ巨ܷﵺȻҲ⡣
ʣµǸ࣬ǿĸЩ˵󣬵ٶȴȷ̫Զٶ˦ˡ
ŪĶؾҲͣµĵõϢǿ߱Ȼ½½ģҲ¸ˡ
ɶҲ巨Ļ
ɶ񣬿ɶ񣡡
Щںһ˫Ŀ죬ͣĽš棬ǲ䵽˽Żҵĳ̶ȡؾڣû巨ǣȴֻңң档ֲ࣬ȻǱѡ
ˣ֪Լؾڿ޷еùӵ巨ͷҲЩҵġپʬǣҡһԼͺ˵ĵõһأ
ֻҪһǾͲУ
سͷԵǲԸ
ȻûԴȽˣҲֻˡǿһĻҲһ󼤶Ȼݵļ֮ȴܿ췴Ӧ
˱أ˶ˣƾǣȥҲİˡ
ֻǹȥһʢҲֶᱦҲˡ
ʢĳ棬ȻҲ֪ñĿԲ󣬵ȥǿһϷȴҲֵˡҲ˽ȥ

һʱ䣬ؾַǷ

˺ƵһˣͷģȻҡ
֪ءλڣȻ졣
ԱߣȴҲˡЩٶģһе
ɶ񣡡īһȣȴҧгݵʱʱŤͷһ۽һꡣ󲻹ʮ׵ĵط֮⣬ҲʮһĻǿԼһЩɢС
ߣּҵˡ
īԿӣϾռ˾Եƣǿ޷֮ȡ
Ȼּ˵ĳ֣īЩջֻΪּҵˣططؾУҲǿʩչġؾǵģܷﵺ֮⣬ּˡ
ּⱦ¹˭в˵ˡ
īҧһ·̲֮ס壬㵱Ҫԣ
ȴ鵭Ȼе߾֮ؾֲҵģôͽˣ
ⱦȷֵģīһŭ
ֵıģһҵȺء˵Ⱥּҵģīһۡ
ּңͬɳȺ˼ңȴǲ塣
ּһ֮סֻΪһƿŵҩһ棬ط
طʵ̫졣ͬȽ׵սּ޵С
㣡īȴҲ޷
ߡīԱߣȴһƳһ壬ȻҪȻ޷ֻȭۡȻѡսǡ׼ɡ
볤峤ϵдɭȻɱвζʮ㡣
üͷһ壬ǵȻĺԵһ㣬峤Ϸġ
ߣ峤һҲ塣
üͷȴ
طͬȽ޵СҵġȴǾڵΪּһˣֻ߰ˡطҲɱռʲôˡ
Ҳֻӡ˰ˣؾ޷ԪҲ㲻ֲ̫ʣµˣֵһᡣҲûʲôµġš
ּңؾУռƵġ
Ҳţȵᱦ˹֮ҵҲŪʲôС
ᱦսƾûʲô˵ġ
ᱦ֮ɱӻȴǳˡ
ţֻҪͷǾԲġ


һӰͣıϮš

ڡ
ˣ
īԺȻһΧҳϣּҳϣԼһЩӵ巨嵽һеɢСˣ㶼̧ͷȥһһ
ر
ر
ֻǰҵƲͨУұߵƲʽƣȻīԣһݽȥѺۣѺ۱Եâ˸ȻƲʽƵı󡣶Ѻ۵У˵һصʬǣ
ЩʬֲͬɫķΣؾɫһɵأ·Ѿصʱ⡣
ȥ·𾭹һδսЩ˶໥㣬ӵɢ䲻ԶıУԼ֮λñԿĳ
ȻҶ鵱еȴʱһ¶˼ɻ
ʱʶһɨʱ㷢һ
۾һ壡
ʱһѺ۳˹ȥ

ݾڽڣĿ񣬵ȴš
ˣ
Ȼһһ۾̧ͷһ
ǰͨսǴһȺӰϮ
ر
ر
һԾսǣһȺˣʱͿƲʽƵİ֮һ߾ʬǣǵϣ㶼¶˿ϲ뼤顣
ˣݵһۣͿ˵׵һߡھǰɱ˷īԡ
壡
Ҳ֪˭ͻȻһȻһӰʱƲʽƵİ۳˹ȥ
壬ȥü
һ֮ͻȻ
Ťͷȥʱ˵İߡ
£ʶ쳣ˣҵǿ֮һġ˰ɣ
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ҲŻҡǺ£ҲˡһȴһӦ
ãȻˡɱߡһЦ
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ʱһսݵǰչ

һӰںύּ˾㶼ӵ巨ؾս൱
ˣ
һҵ겨ҲӦ˵ʱ¶һ˿ȣط
濴ȥʱ֣һ߷ġ
ǰһҳϣʱܵطĹȴãȻų߾ٵģվ˵
ǻߺɣһֱӳŶԷѴȥҪֱһ֮ɱ

ȻļȻһǿҵγȥ
ǱطԻʶҳϣҲһع壬ʱһѾֻһתҪһֱӴ̴ֱۡ

ŭˣһɨ
ǻ˿壬ʱһطҳ϶ʱʶһͣã


811 ս
ǻ˿壬ʱһطҳ϶ʱʶһͣã
ʱһҳȻɱһǻԴȥǻŵƿ֮ҲһٶʩչطһΣ˹ȥ
ʱһǿߺȻһ깥͵Ϯߵҳ϶ȥҳҲһ㱣˵ءǿ߳ȥҪ˴ԱߵһҳϣҲ֧Ԯ˹ĳ
ǻּңչս
˶ּ࣬ȴӵطһʱ䣬Ƕһ൱

塭ѵˣּҵôݾȵĿǰսּң֮һҡѹ֣ԭǶط
ݰԾȡ
طǿĳɹʣһԼϾֵʮԡ
Եõ֮ݻδطּңǵһ
һ֮ȴҡҡͷطּҪһܣЩѡطɣƲϵʩչÿһιﵽϢ£Ϣľ롣š
ҲӵطȻзȨطôǹŹͷΪԽԽǿҲԽĸоǹŹͷء
̼ǵõǹŹͷ޼ңûκζֱһͷʱȫͣ٣ʱΪֻҪΪﵽ߰ϣӦþ
ѾﵽڣԷǳ϶ﵽھ죬Ҳһ㣡
ôͿͷӣǾǿô򵥡
ǿߣطˣ
طѾﵽڶ㣬ÿһιһϢļʱ䡣ǰּҵطȻ硰Ȼ͸ˡ
Ҵһսǵطеơʶʸǵ幥ϵƣֲǵԵáȺսȶԷȷЩǿˡ
ͷš
ʮˣؾһּ򲻹ʮңٶԷ̫ˡ
š
ƺּˣ˫ò֡
һҳϱ깥ס֮󣬱һּҳϣֱһˣ
磡
һҳϼ״ʱѣ͵ķһּҳһȥ
ּҳû뵽˷Ӧô󣬸ûʱ䷴Ӧʱһͨ͸
ңڿʼˡ
ɶ񣡡ŭҸɱ
ҵģɱīҲȡ
սԽļ
ԱһЩСɢޣͬҲûš໥֮䣬Ҳڲͣս
һС˴ӵϼһ϶ʱ¶ЦݡȻûüһֱ˹
ɶ񣡡һˡ
±ɱĺ˫ͨ죬ϡ
ݺᣬò֡

һˣҵս֮УһѪζ˿
ݿһ֮󣬱㽫Ŀת
ǾΪͬʱǾҲﵽԲĲΣڴ˵أǶǿߡѾ˲ʮˡ
ʮ飬ؾڵһǧڵƷʯѾ׬˽ʮڡټҩϡջѾ
ǣʱȴȻÿлЩɲȻսʵĿȴʱʱ̳̿ɨӣ·Ѿʲôһ㡣
Ȼ˼֮
һĻͷȴǰԸ̾ҳϣ˲Ƹ֮󣬼ԣѾԼˡȴ龯裬Ѿˡݸ̾˼ܡ
ҲͻɰɡӡδҵҲҪڵȴһ¡š
ҪȡϢȻҪһȫɱ˲ʹֻɱһˣ㡣
ҲȻԤһ㣬ʱ̣ǲϾȥежٲƸġԣⳡսʱȻ̡
ȵ

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һҵ󷨲Ťͷȥ
ԵƲʽƣͽȻ֮ڻصһֻüһҽУ㱻ֱɱˡ
һĻҲҡͷ
Ʋͨ˵ǲСＤսռȴ̫Сˡв¾³
˵ҲʱΧǿ߻ع֮䣬ҲԽС
ƲʽƣҲǺǵİ

ʱȻƣʱĹȥԽԽˣ˴˵ء棬Խ
ݾĵȴšĿǰΪֹûпӡԼīࡣ
ԣżȻĵĵȴš


ȥ
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£
һɱӹսǺ洫˳īĥĥ䣬ȴҲڸϵ˴˵ء
Ȼһ˻ʱȴȻһ漴·뵽ʲôٱϮ˹ȥȻ۾Ȼɴ󣬲ŵĿǰһĻ
ɱڳţһ󡰺䡱ƲʽƱҲʱǿߣڴɱһš
īɵɵĿƲ֮ϵѺۣԼѺ԰ټƵʬǣвǿŵĴһʱԴˣӦ
⣬⡭
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˶ΪһĻǺģرսȻǲɱġīȴɵˣΪû˱еԵɡ
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Ȼ޷ţȴҲòһʵ
ƭڵĶƭǶԷһƵġ˭ŪЩ
ѹ֣ѹ޿֣һƭ֡ԭѾ˺׼īͷЩʬ봢Ӧþؾռġ׵õ˶ٲƸ
īȫסǿԼ侲ȴ޷侲
ݣף׻жܣ
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īһ飬عͷȥȴӡҲѾ˹


812 Ϲľ
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šӡ˵ͷĿҲǰ漴жʱ
ȻбءӡͷૣźۼĿԱߵīһۣӶԷδƭǡȻתһ֮ȴ־мֲԣ¶˼ɻ
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ѾȫʧأҳҲѾ˲ˡ˻ҵĳ棬޷Ԫ£Ҳе˼Σ
սУǡ̧ͷȺ󷽵ӡī࣬˾Ȼվԭزͷʱӿһŭֱӱǿŭ˳
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ԭ붯ī࣬һҲֻһҧ˵ͷ
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Ŀ֮Уֻӡīǳ֮һɫ⻪ȴͻȻӡ֮ڱ˳һŨ˲˳ԶݣҲĸܵˡ
ȻЩȵĿ֮Уһ˵ҳϣһ뵽ɫâ֮󣬶ʱ㱻ɫâγһɫ롣Ƭ֮󣬹ѣ˵ҳϣʱг˳ˬа˵ģ
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˴ЦǵĶǱӴܣӳ֮£ЩˣȫȻˡ
âڣֻҪסԴ˲顭Ǽǲ֮Ȼûʲôµġ
ɶ񣡡

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Ȼطֲס˼âͣĻָֻҪסԴƣâ
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һӰϣӡҲɵӭȥӲӲĴһ

ǹԶļ
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ֻӡܲ˶ԷĹֱӳΧļ˹ȥһ˻˵ģ


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813 ˡܷﵺ
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תһ֮ҡҡͷ
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һɷټв䣬ռ񷣡зæԼѪ¶䡭ǽϹľ˷Ǿ޷ȹٵġ
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ӡôܶȹٵӡ
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ϹľӴ壬϶Էǲ֮ԼϹľס˲ɱĻɱĿԲ
ͷ·ҲѪﵽ˵߲㡭ǿԶԼ֮⣬˲ָҪǿԼ
Ϲ֮һֲ̫ˡüŲͣƴȴ˲Ȭӡ
Ѫ˿ѡⲻ֪׵˶ٴΣڻԱΣʱ̣ɾ͡ԷֻΪӵϹľӵĻָ
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ռʬλãĵּң׺ԼһЩԱ߷񹥻ӡСɢǣһʬǲıԵλá
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һҽУԶߴ۾һɣŤͷȥȴֻһܷﵺӣؿڶһټĶѪһأˣ֮󣬺Ȼ
ӣ񾪺
ۣ
һͷһŤͷȥһܷﵺӣѪƬȻ


һܷﵺӣһնΣѪ׷ɣڵϣϰ鴤һ˲ʧȥϢ

գۼ䣬Ϣʱ䣬ܷﵺӣֻʣ
Ȼ˱ǡǾȻڣֵӰӣûп
г˭˭
ɫһƬ԰ףĿ⾪̣ˡ
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ֻԼüһʱعطּҡ


814 ī
ȻĻδأһĨѪâһ̳һƬš
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ŵľͷһƬ̿־۽ǴһѪӰȴ˹ðҪֵ
ȻѪӰٶ̫ˣ쵽Ÿո̧֣ѪӰȻӹǰ
˲佩Ӳ
ĲӲŤͷȻ˲԰һƬ
ǡ㣡УŨĲڣһӰ
ˣ
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վΣƳһʬ壬ƽ
֮ǰͻɱܷﵺˣܷ֮ﵺǲ˲ؾѰȻδκʵ˺ȴǽˡ
ȻΪ˾ǰרһܷﵺȻˣҲûзŹԷĴ㡣
ò˵ܷﵺ˺ܱ硣¶ĳ嵽˵أĵΪԼһսˡȴû뵽ȴԼ·
ֿһ۵ϼʬ壬ɵĽߵĴƷ˴֮תѺۡ
ڿˡȡǱһԼܰɡ
Ŀ⣬ӵȺԵһӰ֮ϣӹһ˿âʶ֮Уһâ΢΢ζ

īԽļ
սڽУȻ˼ȴûаǰս֮ϡֻΪݣû¶棡
ݵҪʲôѾ뿪ˣǡǡ
īԽԽ꣬УѰδ֮һ²⣬ȴǲͣĸ˳
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ī役ʱһȴȻԺҵƿֱ֮ǰīŻعתȴǷ֣һ׺ŵߣгѾ磬̵ǰ
ĿԴ
ӣīʧɫȻԷ巨ȻͣʱѾֵˡϣһƬҰף
ȻӡϵâڣԴѣҲϾҪģ

ǧһ֮ʣһȴͻȻ룬һ߱ɱһһӰ˲īǰ
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ī磬ôˣīɻתͷīࡣ
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ī΢΢˵ͷҪ˵
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һϢǹȻ궼ſ

īͻȻ˫ۣ˲仯һƬ죬˫ֱסԼͷ
ī磿
īһǰ
Һúްޣ
ģױԹ벻ʵīдȻŸոպһޡ֣壬ȻһˤڵأûаϢ
ī磿īһȥ䱧סһ
ֻԷ۾԰ɣȻһ˫ȴѾһƬҰ׿ն
īԺȻɴ۾

걬ըͬԱԱԪͬʱѣ֮ԪĴ߶£Ȼᱬױȵ
ǣֻԱĻȱԪ򲻻ή١
ټī಻ط֮Ҳֻǵʶû˿ܿԡ
īԱڿʹطĵطȻܣԲǧֻ¶ԱΧ֮ڡϾһǿߵԱǰ룿
ϧؾȻīԱԪ޷߶ط޷٣Ȼı
һڵߣôϢˡ

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ҪңҪ֣͹Լᶨɡƽ
ݲɱ֮ˣͬҲĴ֮
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īȫ֪
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ڶԷʶеֶΣʱ꣬ʱ̼ضԷֻҪīҪ¶ݵʱݾ׵֪ԶԷʶ
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սݱĽţǱâռݵĵطǵʱݰڷʬĵطּΪ׵ǿߣڲͣĽӡɱ죬Ѫζʮ㡣
âа׷ΧԸâΧȻԶ֮⣬Ѿ촦ڱԵλˡǸλúƫƧʬҲûж٣սҲǼ㣬˿ע⡣
ǡǰɱĺõط
Ŀƽɢ


һȣгֱնȥǰĻߣٵӭĻǾȻԲĶȴڶѣĶ֣
һ֮£͸壬ǻ߶ʱؿػ۵һѪ˳ȥ
ˣֱӷһţ̤˶Է֮ϣʱ˵̤ĹİȥһѪɵأ鴤һ󣬱


815 ϹľĹ
ֽԼĴУȻĿֲɵÿսģʬĵط
ӡһǿߵĴսڼӡս֮⣬Ըҵˡâ֮£˵Ϊޡ
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ζŲƸԵͬʱҲζΣ
ʱڰˣûаնԽ롣һ֮뿪ĵ˹ɳȺȻʮλΪ൱ѣҪͬǻĵ֮ϣϹŴһ̽ӡǵʱ֮һ
ĵ˴ȻһɭֵĿռ֮С
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Ȼؼʱ̣ӡȴͻȻˡ
ӡͺ޷֮Ϲľпϲﻹעĵӡһе֣ǽˣ
ӡһʱ佫ϹľץСʱֻһܳɹϹľ޷֮㱻ӡ
ʱ𾪶ŭ˵ʲô취
ӡõϹľǹЦҪɱ
ȻʱӡеĹȴľϵϹľȻ壬ΪԲͷӲ
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ϣͷɭֿռȥӡ׷ȥ
ɭֿռȻӣϾˣζùӡ׷ɱ
ӡ׷һһҹվǽ׷ϡ
ȻӡҪʹɱֵʱȴǿŭɱңұ㽫ӵϹľϢ¶ȥ㿴ʱĿ죬Ŀ죡
һ仰ӡ֣ȴʱͣ˿Уϵı飬Ҳ
ӡȻ֪ӵзġɱ߷𲻵κá
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ӡԥɱͣĿȴһҧɱ㣬ҲұܰɣȻˣɱΣڲعɳȺҲˣ
˵ţҪ֡
عɳȺΪһϹľ޵ˣȴЦԹȥƷʣڳƷҲƾϹľΪܹȻޱߺ򣿡
ο㻹зڹɳȺֻҪҴʱǸһӵϹľ鱩¶ȥķܻ뿪ɳȺ䣬Ҳ֪ʲôɣ
ӡ֣ȻٶͣĿȴֲòϡ
Ϲľֵ̫ͻأûʱȥ㵽׼Ļȥ˵ĻҲһᣬ֮ᴦ޾鷳С
˵ô죿ӡĿҪҽϹľǾԲܵġơ
ҧҲ֪ӡϹľǾԲܵ顣ƴҪãﻹнȥɣ
Ȼӡ޵˼£ҲҪӡƴƣյùĻԼ
䣬·ϡֻһɢްˣܵõƷϵ˵ҩ
˴ʧֻ˲磬飬ֲˡ˴ԣϹľ㣬ȥջҧ˵
׷ϴǳᱦʧҲֻܹ飡˶Լǰ̣ȴ̫ˡ
տڰôĻӡȴҡҡͷ飬Ȼšһһ뿪ϱ㱩¶ԼܣֵΣ
ҪΣȴŭˣ۾ӡӡҪ̫ݣƣ㵱ľ𣿣


816 ɱ
ӡüͷһѹĬãǧꡣǧ֮ڣҪ¶ҵܡǧ֮Ի뿪
Ҫǧꣿ۾ʱɴŭ죺Σ
ǧꣿʱһ˲һǧ꣡οϸɣ
ȻӡɫҲߣǾˣһɢ㱩¶ҵܣɱķ󵽵˭ԿϹľǿᣬʶƣҲһ޷Ȼָʹ˷뿪ǾܵģҪҵɵϣ
ӡˣɱ֮Ըˡ뿪ӡġͬġһʱ·˽֡
ȻӡɫԽԽ䣬ɱȫʱҧһڸҸꡣ֮ڣҲὫ˵ȥ
ǧꡣȻӡĿȴʣǧꡣ򣬾ưɡ
ݶ˶漴ȴҲֻҧĴӦ
֪ӡΪԼȡʱ䡣ϹľϣֻҪʱɳʱ򼴱ܱ¶Σ
ϹľӴˡֻҪΪȥӡǲ֮
ڵʱ־棬ûѡء໥ǣƶԷֶΣ˵ӡռȨ
һǧʱһֱӡߡ
ӡҲ֪ˣʾͿȫӡܣվܲ¶Ͳ¶ĺãҲҶ̫
ĿתľϵĿƾϹľڹɳȺһЩҲĿīأӶҡ
ҲӡڽҵʱҲŵģҲԽҡ
ӡΪһҲԽ֪ԼԷ׵̫ԶĻô͵Ȳǧ֮󣬾ͻᱻԷɱ
ѹ֮£ҲŷĶ
ʾͼΪ뾡һа취峤īֵ£īִ˸Ʒ׵Ĺѹ֮£Ȼǽҧӡ󣬴Ӳ׿
˵ӡڽ֮һ˳˳ˮĻôͿνˡڣվû˦Զǧ֮ԼʱӡڣҲͬﵽ˰ڡ
ӡûջɱ뿪Ҳ֪ڴﵽ˰ڣīصӡҲηԼܱ¶ˡ
ҵʱҲҰõīֵأӵޱȹǰ̡һǣҧ˳Ĭ

һǧѹѻȻ̡ÿÿһЩǹɺȴҲ޷ѹơ
ڣӡâսȴƫͲԸâΧ֮ڡƺҲֻˣһЩ
񶾵š
Ҳ֪⼸ǲܵġӵϹľӡ͵ǲ֮˭ܹ˲佫ɱ𣬻ҵĳⷽʽϹľѹסӡ
޵ҧȴҲû˿áŤͷĿӹܣܿģǷֲԶһСɢ޷һС

Ϯ˹ȥ
ͷӱȻӡˣҲֻЩ©֮㡣ͷޡ
Ķᱦ֮սһΪ
һͻԣĶᱦ̽ա
Ķᱦ֮սһõĲƸǲ߸˵ģ඼Ͻ塣ֻһЩ˺ҩϣҪϽңϽҲ㹻Ĳʯҩؾ̽棬ȫˡ
ɼ֯Ķᱦ̽ա
̽գԼ䳤ǻõ棬ҪȫϽ塣Ҳа˽ֻеȵ̵ٰ֮͡ва˽Ҫܵ𷣡ʮһȵĺż̽ա
ԣһӡƾһ֮ס˶ǿߣռѺ۵ʬĵطʣȡһαصеľ󲿷֡

ƿգһӵĻ·𶼾ۼһ֮ϣֱӱǳһİС۵Сնȥ
СӸû뵽ͻȻɱһǿҲȥϸոձĴᵶ񵲡

һ죬Сػ۵һһѪ˱ͬڵһ㱻˳ȥϳʮԶأһѪֽ
ᵶһûٸǰȥȻɨӵ˱Ҫˡ


ɶ񣡡
ԱߵСɢ޸ɫһ䣬޺ҧһԶڵϣ˲㱻Աɱ˵˷ʬ˵ĽӣƳһԶâֵվûиǰֻһҧʵȥĿѰһеĴ
δǣֻǺȥǴ
ʮߡšȻ۽һһѪâһŵϵĴʧˡ
һͷʱ󺧣̧ͷȥ
һŰ£ݿӣȴ֪ʱվࡣϣһ׶ϾĴ
ȻʱȴǴһֻۣǽĶŰӣһƬ뾯衣
ӿ飬΢΢һ漴¶Цݣ΢΢ͷǾڵǿߡ˼ܵĳ̶ȣȷԶˡ
˭ĶŰ꣬ȴδԷеĵ͡
黹ƽȻͷȴѷ캧ˣ
ÿٶȣ
ԷղʰȡԼǰһȻԼĿȻֻ׽˶Էһ˿Ӱӣ˲
һɾҵµΣոУȻǻϢ
ңһСˡ峤ϼˡǰȴ΢΢һЦ˵
赽˼£ȻȴɫĺһŰ꣺ǸµˡΪѣԱ㡣
һ¶һ˿͡
ȷǸ˼ܣ¹ңһɡ
ѹ֣ܹе죬ȷûеġ
ϧ˭أεҡҡͷ²⣬¹ҲΪ˴
âʱһ˿ϻһתʱǳâȥ
Уٶ¶һ˿̾
Ӳġ
أΣһ˿Ѫâ
Ѫâƿգٶȿ쵽۷塣޷Ԫ뷨ؾٶȣԵһ
һѪâһ㣬ӹࡣŸոתвΣʱͣУ¶һ˿
ҧгݣٶԳİꡣ
㡭˭
꾲ĿվῪڣݡ
ݣâʱһã¶һ˿ɬԩ
أֳһȦɫ۵һѪ䣬ΣҲȻأ


817 ˱
ݵͷһʬ壬и̾
ȷǸͷ¹ҡһԼ˵Ϊʱ֪ԼĿʣתӡԼѪ߲ؾʵ̫ĻҪɱµǧѡ
Ҳֻܹʱ˲ˡ
ૣ漴Ŀ⿴Ĵ
âƣеսȻݱ
ϹľôҪһ
һݵΣҲȻû
һĻʱҲûκע⵽

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ݣ
˻
һҵƿ֮ڶһ˵ʶҲĿա
峤ϣѾʮˣּңʣˡҪȥ𣿡һ۶飬ȾѪĻߣߣؽҧ亹ҧӡڣûᰡ
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ʧˡ
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һӿսڣӡѾ˳ǧιÿһûâƣ
ǣЩƣâǰȴʲôҲǡֻҪһӡĳֱ˾
ѵѾǲ֮
ɶ񰡣ҧأӡ
ΪҲѾﵽ˾Ļôֻʶӡһ˲Ļ㱡̵У֮ɱֻҲ޷ʩչˡ
ϧڰˡʶӡ˵ã
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ô죿ѵѵҪЩƸ˲ɣĿⲻʵӹܣƤһ鴤
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һΣǿˣ岻ʵţҪҧ顣
ۣ

飡
һҽдĴӡһΣٴλɱˡϣͬʱҲԱ˵ĹС
ǣûáâڣֻâһʱƱȬȥû˿Ӱ졣
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ܴȥˣٴȥҰӣҪˣ
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һȺ޻ָƵ˴򡭡ô
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İĴľ棬Ӱ쵽Եսƽ
ѺۣһһƬƽС
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һСҲ׷׵Ŀˡ
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һ仰ֱӽҶƵ˷˼֮ϡһ֮ĺżڣ¾Ҫ粽ˡ
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ߡģ׺Ҳ˳ˡ
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ӡһҳϣҧ
뺣ؾҲǸλ֣⵹Ҳûʲôӡɫ𽥻ָһЩ󵭵һжʵֻҪǿƶΣ
һҳҲ˵ͷͬᱦԴĶʵʲôǫá򲻹ңҪַҼѹǣ˺۸ģߣ˭ң˭Ҫбѹ촷۵ľ򣡡

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818 ֱӡ
뵽еҳϾ㶼һƺǻ뵽ʲôһʼ©ˡ
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ī೤Ϸɣ䡭ȴˡ
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ǰ
һҳ϶Ϊīɱġ
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סô£ɻѯ˳ӡȴʱ΢䣬Ҳ
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ڶҳϾ㶼ˡ

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īҲǰڵΪ壬ҲԲֱּһǿߣҲǰڵˡ
⣬ô£
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ȻڴʱһѪӰȻ˵۽һӶһɻ̧ͷ
飡

ᣡ
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֪ʲôʱһӣӡղռλáǰһƬѪѪĺ棬ȴǹâʢһâ
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೤ϣһɵˣǰͻȻֵһĻȫˡ
ݣ
Ȼʱһȴ˶ȥֻīԵɴ۾ŵָ˰ӡ
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īԵɫʱһƬ԰ס
ݣ
ݣ
˵ɫҲʱˣݡ
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ȻһҳϾ
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һҳҲ˵
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飬ݺķ£Žԭߵӡȫĥ𣬶ɹ
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͸깥˵ӵʶΪ̽Ƶ
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ʱݾͿҳǣȻ޴Ӳ̽ˡ
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˾㶼֮ʱһŭȴը졣ţֻâ뵱УһӰȻֱӳݵĲ֮һնȥ

һ֮𣬳ֱֱնݵĲ֮ϡȴֻһ죬ͣ˵ء
һȻݵļûиƣ
ʲôӡŵڶҳϣŻعһȻɴ۾
ȻһЦһ𾪵ӡҽ˶һƬѪȻֻϢʱ䣬ָˡ
ⲻܣӡһȻջسĹ

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⣬ⲻܡӡϵĹȻȻļҲ޷ƣ
ӡϵĻǾѾԲ˰
ݣݵеʲôƷ׵巨ƷǣǴ˵еĻƷ
ܣܣ
еҳ϶ɵˣĿš
ķˡվԭأƽĿ˫۳첻ͣӡ棬ڵΪطңҵȷǿסؾ֮ڣƾƷԲ巨޷ҵġ
ݵѪѾǵ߲㣬ﵽ˵ѪĵزȻܹԼһѪƣѪʡǿᣬȴδı䣡
Ѫܹס׺ƾӡԲǾ˵Ѫ߲ݣ
ǻվŸʲô
ӡ
һҳϣγѣҲ˲ˣĵʣ㳯

ҡҡͷ
һŵˣӡڣʮˡʮˣȫݹɱ˹
ȻݽֻһΣ㻯һѪâ
ۣۣۣۣۣ
һĳ֮
ⲻܣ

쵰
ѪâӰӣ˲һȦ
һҳϾȻѪâɢվصԭλʱ˵Σͣסˡ
һĨ־壬˵С
飡
һ춯ͷ·Ӧһ㣬ӡ֮ʮҳϣһǷڵء
ѪϢȫޡ
ʲô
ӡɵˣһӽŵףһֱӵͷ
һУֻһУݣȻͻɱʮǿߣ
ݣʲôˣ
ӡĶݣ·Ҫͨ͸

ˣֵĶѾʧˣ̸̸ɡЦӡɱʮҳ϶ԣƺûаӰ졣
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Ҳ֪ϹľȻڡ
ӹżϿݵʵ
ӡ漴΢΢ͷЩʶȷϹľҪ˵ʲô
ܲҿۣݶʱ۾һֻڹżϿȴδ
ӡƤʱһ飬ƿڴ
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뵽ؾĿֲһͷķŭ΢΢ҡҡͷС
ϧˡϧҡҡͷ
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Ŷ˾ԣݵм棬Ҫ֪ղſɲҵǿսҸֶûʩչ˵깥
깥ӡȴ̲סЦɵ˰ɣȻҲ͸ΪҲڶ̶̾ʱһͻƵڰɣƾ깥Ҳ뺳ң
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819 Ϲľ
ӡɵÿǺڰӣһ¶˼־ȣԪ飿
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㻹Ϊ޷ꣿ
ӡЦĪ˵ǿʮҲ޷ҡܹΣѵΪϹ֮һϹľָֻܻ򵥣
ݵʱһѵָܻƣ
ߣӡȻҵõϹľǧ֮ãÿշ굱˵Ѿ֮Ϊһ壬ȷѾһ˿ӦȻ޷Ϲľ˵ƣԼġһҵ˲𣬷ҵҲָܻ
۾ʱһȴǸ̾ȻϹ֮һȷ졣
ӡߣ漴Ȼؾûɱ㣬ͬҲûɱҡұҲ޳Թʹ˰ɡӡݡ
˵˾ˣȴҡҡͷҿ˵ڳڴҾء
ŶӡɫҲΣ
ôɱ㣬ҲҪһ١һЦ
ӡɫʱһǿߣɳȺҲǸ߸ϵ˵Ļ
һ٣
ӡ¶ɭȻ󣬻Сһߣպźҳؾ޷ɱ㡭ĪΪҾûֶˣ
ŶҵҪֽֽˡ˻Ǿؾгһ֮⣬ֶΣ΢Ц
ӡϣʱ¶һ˿⣬漴ɫâȻҲ档
ݺĴΧâĿ΢ת漴ЦҿûˣҪơ
ϣй⣬аӡȴݣῪڣСôǳĵô
ͷʱһ漴Ŀһӡ
˵ûɱ㣬ȴܡڿԡٸһλᣬ뿪˵أǷ򡭡ǾͿ˭˭ܰɡӡĿݡ
ҵҪһˡȴһЦ
ãӡĿʱһţֻԭⰻȻâӡĺһ֮󣬶ʱ任ɫ
ݰܵҶһ㣬εĹ˲䣬һƬݻơ
ͬʱһ޷ܵȻţݱͲԼȻʼٵʧ
ݵжʱ¶һ˿ȣ̧ơ
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ⰵԭԭָݶʱӡԵ˼
ϹľȻһ˵ơǣתǱͲǸ󣬶Ƿȡˣ
Ϲľ׵ľɣȻҲˡ
һ㣬Ҳ̾ϹȷǸӵ
С㻹ȥӡų˼еݽ˥ϣȴȻ˼վԭأʱüͷ塣̲ס˳
̶ʮϢʱ䣬ݵѾ꿡ӵģ˿°ܻͷȱʧ֤
ȻȴֻһЦѪâһ֣ʱ䣬ԭݰܵļǻָ֮ǰİۻӡüͷʱ͵һ
ȷǺϧƺδȫյӡҡҡͷЦ
ӡɫʱѿ˼¡
ϧǡе巨յҿ»е㾪塣ֻĻվհ꣬Ҳûʲôԡ
һĨЦᣬˡ
С㣡ӡȻɫ䡣
ȻѾ֪ԼҪ֪һУﻹϸϻֱһΣȻӡĸǰӡɫ䣬ҪȴݵĶ֣
ֻһ죬ֱӱסӡĲӣΨһʱӡ
ݺɳȺǧ̸֮꣬ɫӡͬСһС
СҪɱ㣬Ҫɱ㰡
ױȵ裬ӿӡĴԣһ̣ԣҲڿƲסˡ
ŤţҪݵ֡תɻɫϹľҲڲͣݵȻһУȴûκá
ݵ֣ᶨƵǯݺݵǯסӡĲӣ
ݵУҲױȵԹ
Ҫ㣡Ҫ㣡
ӡš
ݵǿƣҲֻΪؾ⻷ˡ浽桭ԶĿӡҲתӡ
ǿߵԪ뷨һǿֲݿġ
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һĶ⡣

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ﰲһ°ɡ
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Ʋʽ֮У
䣡

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˻
һ׵粻ͣĹӡ壬޷ֹ
ȻϹľڣâʼսӡУ岻ͣıȻ
̶ʮϢ䣬ٴΡ

ӡĲҽš
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ݿһЩʧӣҲɱ㡭Ϲľ̫˰
૵һ֮Ťͷ
Ѻ۵УʮɢޡʱǶľվԭأɵ㶵Ŀݣ·궼һ㡭
һĻݵ⡣
ղžͿЩˣ¶֮ǰѾһ󷨣ЩȻˣʵȴ֪巢һЩʲô¡
ԣЩˣݲں
һ֮Ҳ˽ѺһĽƳ뷨


820 侮ʯ
֪˲Ҫȴ˶֪ƣɡʱӦò˿ĴƵʵ
ѺȻƲѺۣʱҲû⿴Ѻ۵Ŀռ䣬ʵֻƲʽ֮Ⲽµһѡʬ֮أղŵĴս֮أʵֻݲµ󷨿ռ䡣
һ˱ϱ͵ͨʱ˶֪һˡ
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ݿһܣվ̧ȥ
Сңһᣬɱˣ㣬
ӡ֮УԹȴȻĴ
ݵӰѾʧƲ֮ͨС
סʲô£
ֱݵӰҲѺ۵еʮǿߣŴͣĿţþûز

⣬ݣδҲ̫˰ɣ
ֱݵʧͨһͷʲһ͵˳漴ȴǳ³һһ˫۾Ҳʱ˼˷ܡ
˼˼
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һοЦݡ
ҵȷƴ˲űǿơ
ϵǿߣȴǱ츳ǿʢңϵǿߣҲǲġһһʮиһͬī࣬īһķҪؾײ˵ˡЩˣɾˡ
һΣҿˡ
ʺܸˣܴԽأԽġ˭͹أ
ǰȥǰӡȻڽƵķ֮вͣš
ӡʲôȷǺɻĿš
ղݵĽƣȫ棬˸ǵ̸ȻҲͲ֪ˡ
ϹȻͷ޴󡣵ЩʲôżҲɲġӵϹ֮һϹŻϹľϹŻΪƣֻ¹ƾҲ޷ж
ȻҲǲϹҪԵ˲ĶҲûмġԷֱ治Ҳ
ÿô˻ЩĲ̰վӡǰĿ⿴ӡ
ӡڲͣҽţ޷ش
ҰɣʺٺһЦȻּ䣬һ
ȻһЦ׼ӡָһ˲䣬ʱ˳ȥ
飡
ȻһȵĻӡ

ӡٶȲҽһ壬ȴǱϵĸ˼֣
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Ľơؿڡ
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˽Ƽۣȷٱ֮ų³һЦӡõлҶ֮ǰչ˵Ļɡؼ
˵ţʻ˻֣㸺ֺ֣תˡ
ݣʣϷɱǣĲΪ˰
ӡ˻š죬֣֮ˡ
ףôˣ
Ѻ۵еʮߣٶȴסˡɵ㶵ĿţȫѾزˡ

ڳˡ
Ƶһ̤㿴˾Υ죬ʱ³һ
ʱ䣬˵˵Ҳ̡ؾûкҹֻ޾ĽƲʡȻƯľˣȴҲƣ֮С
ٿƵϿյһƬɫģ֮ϣ˷ˮϣĻ󳩡ݶԣΪ˵ĸо
һεؾ֮УҲǹԲ棬ԶԶԤڡ
ȣΪѾﵽ˵ڣﵽԤĿꡣΣѪҲﵽ˵߲㣬ӵ˵Ѫ⣬Ժ£Թĺô
ıӡӵ󷨣۽Σܿ͸󲿷ֵ󷨽ơ
Ʒ飬깥طڣԺ٣Ҳࡣٲ±ͨʲô
˵񶼻ӵнڵƷʯƷҩˡ
һеջ񣬿ƾˣ
ϧؾܣʱȴȥ̽ͷҲһЩź
Ѿߵؾ֮⣬ȴ׵̤СؾǴӺζƸĲ²ǷȷЩδ⿪š
ûϵܹ뺣ż˳õ˷лĻһؾҲǲԡһ漴üͷȴ΢΢Ҫģ⡣
ᵽݾЩͷۡĿǰΪֹûʲôͷء
ˣͷȻֱһʱ䣬չ취ġ
ҲšϾѾǿߣټѪҪȥһʵҲδûа취
뵽Ŀӹܡ
Ƶıð˼ֻ֣һЩǿߣ󲿷ֵˣȴѾʧ
һսȻʱ뿪Ҳġ
ΪնƵϵҲԵ̫ͻأˡû˹ע
·ˣ˵̸Ŵս顣
ڣһһööٱ
һƣֻһҲῪģҪѪɣ
ԭֻɱӡġû뵽̬չݵԤڣǽеҵӶɱ˸ɾһûо
˵ȻǺ¡ѾǵжԹϵȥ鷳Ҳ᲻ͣɧˣһǺݵģҲ֪Լǰ˵Ǿ仰ڿԣʵ
κҪˣҪһڲСӣҲҪ㼸ȱڡ
뵽ݱҲٴͣٹãҪִе˰ɣ
һݱǳԶȥ
ڡԭԪУָо
ȫµ
ؾʱڡȻȴѾڡУܹطˡ
ȫµؾ޷ʩΪȴǺúоһˡ
Ͼо͸սʱʩչȻҲͲԲ⣬սҲҪۿۡ
һоţһ߽ɽԶʱѾʧԶ
һӰȻؾڳ˳Ȼܿȥ
֮ʵϣ¶˼źһ
ȴЦ˳ûϵվһ졣
뵽Ҳһ·漴һϸ߿գʧ


821 ī
һƺƵ˼ؾ˵Ķᱦ֮սµĻ뿪֮飬ҲɳȺڴ˳ȥ
ꣿ
һٻɱҳϣ
ӡ⣬󻹴ƲʽƵУ
Ϣǿ߶еʱǶȻˡȻţȴָоޱȽ
ããã֪Ϣ֮󣬶ʱ쳤ЦοѣӡֻθҪը˰ɣԺк
ʹ죬ʹ죡׺ŵõϢҲһЦ
һᱦ֮սǱ˼¡Ǹеʼٸ߱⣬ƲʽƵУܲǿοЦ
˵֮ˣ˾ţ֮ŽӡƲʽƵнȳǸʱӡѾˣͣţҲǱѣϵĶڣǱƲʽƺˡ
ǿǹЦ̸š
ҵǺ棬ǰ굽˭ȻҪ֪ӡؾУǼİ
Ҳ˸пӡһսеı֣ԭοڶǿߣͷҲӿһ˿п
â̫ˡâڣӡ͵ǲ֮ޱȿֲƲʽƣҲ޷ӡô
Խĺӡˡ
̫졣˲עⶼС
һζᱦ֮սڳֵĴʵ㲻ʲôƸÿֻʮ򲻵ȵƷʯһƷˡؾʱıҲ̫˰
һǧڵĲƸһγٸʵҲһˡ֪ôʱҾͲ˻ˮ
ǡ
вƸ飬վҲ¶˳֪֮ǿ߶Ϊ֮һ漴ȴǿЦ˳һЩڲһս
ⳡսУǲ١𡣵գȻֻΪôһ㶫˶ǿЦá
ȻҲʱصɻ󣬵ȴû֪ԵɣգҲֻ˸̾һǲ֮
֪µģֻʣˡһȻݡһʣȻҲὫ˵ȥˡīɣҲòκ֤ġ
ǰ굽˭أȻӵ͡
̸۵󣬰ݣΪͷԡ
ҵ֪һôԱǿߵ̸ۣЦš

飡
ݣʣϷɱǣĲΪ˰
ȺĽУһˤҵһݻĵдŷԹ˻
ſǻһ͵͵Ŀһһۣ¶˼ֿЦ
һսѾȥһ¡ӡҲʮ֮ǰصȺľ
Ȼ֮󣬱Ҳյڷʮ죬ʱʱ̶̿Ķйţš
Ҳ⼸һЩϢףӡŭˡ
ŭĽ
Ź֡ǿߣСһ㣬⣬Ȼ󻹱ƲʽƣȥˣŽ֮ȳ
Ǻεȶ飿
˵ӡͷˡκһˣҲ
ʵں
ݣǺηʥ
Уȴݲ˼ֺ档
ЩʱգңѾ׹ˡȻдµķҴ˽µ̸ۣȴֹˣ
ţΪݵ飬ʮϻỹٿһ顣ڻ֮ϣ߳īǱ೤Ⱥ֮˵֪ϵܣȴ־档
СϢƣпֵܻȥ߳īĺĳݣпҪ
ֵȥҪ֪Ǵʼ巢չġ¹Ҵпܳ档飬ɳϻġ£ȴҪֵȥ
ɼ£ȷִˡ
߳ϣ
Ȼһ۽ӹһˣ̧ͷһʱһ
ԱߵĻҲһ񣺡߳ϡ
һߣ֪ʱѾߵ˽ǰ
ߣ߳ī
īʱıҲÿ䣬һϮۣƽɱ֮δĵ

޴ĵ֮ڣѾûһطġֵƵΣ裬ԻһƬΨһʣµһ֮ϣ˫۳죬Ѫ˿ܲӡ档
ݣʣ
ͣšһǰһĻʱʱ̵̿ĸԺУꡣ
裡裡
ͬһ㣬˺ҧģǣȫʧΪһͷŭҰޡ
Ҳ˵Ҫ𣿣
ŲӡĶУӡŭһӿ˭ʱ
ô
ƽӡͷŭʱ΢΢һϣ̧ͷī
ī漴ȴһͷٶ˵ʲô
īų˫ĿҰһӡͷҲ΢΢һ̾
Ҳ֪ʲô飬ͬҲףǷԼϣֻҲӡһʧȥǣ
ǡ
һ뵽ԼܵĹīüҲ
֮λδȷµǳšгϣԼλû񡣶īҲ֮һ
ڲʵκ˶СԼİѱ˵С
һΣԼܵ飬ȴǱ˳չ˷Ĺ
ʵ飬ԭҲʲôв֪жڰռռȴ塭īʵҲǱ֮е顣
κΣ飬̫ˣ
ʮȥؾһ˾ɱʮʧֲ̫ˡ˵ī𣬾κһϣҲڹ
Ȼϸī𼴱дҲֻһĴ󣬱ϾЩ˵īֱɵġ
˵Ʋ֮£СҲܱɴ
īĴǳıǺĳϵİ׾ڼδ£ֻԵͷſԵĻֻѾʧȥ˺ĳϵλˡ
ԣīҪ취ŪһЩ޷ӵĹ
λǲˣסĳϵλãҪǵġ
֪飬ŭ⡣ī̾һڡ
ӡһ˫۳Ľҧأȴû
ǣڼŭʲôã֪ʲôطٷŭٷҲ޲īƽ˵ĻȴӡٶȻһָǱһָ֮ŭʲô̶ȡ


822 ټ
ĿǰĴȴֹۡŪòãĳϵλãҪˡī̾
ӡŻعͷīã˻Ƶĵʲô£
ӡЩһͽԼ֮ڣ淢ʲô飬֪顣
ī֣īȼһˣס֮²֮ϡҲ֪һɱ̫࣬ʧҶԣҲǼΪءҪһܲңҾڹġīƽ
ӡüͷʱ
ûʳʲôɱˣθ֮顭Ҳ֪ʱǹɱҪĲпᡣ
ӡĬ֮˻ƵҪʲô
ҪȥżīֱԣżҪȥʵҲΪ˸һŵơһΣҪȥƾںżмƵġֻҪںżǶһؽϵı£Ϳڹȥ
ӡīüĬ
ӡīһ־ټҵģͬʱеĹҲīġ˵ӡнĳɾͣī𵱾׹
ӡīµһ󽫵£ҲҶ֪ġ˵īһ̨ӡ˵Ҳʲô¡
˵һЩĳϲܴĹī޷ٸӡˡ
˵תͶĳϡǲԡӡϾѾīıǩתͶĳϣ˼ǲǻĽ֮ĸ⻹Ҫһʺš
ԣӡīһϵģһپ٣һ
Ȱڣ֪ݺ֮ǡڲȴȶȵһиһ֮ȻȫЭҵݣѱ衣
żǵһҪ£ڿҲ޷˼ݵ顣ԣ㲻صǶԸݣ޷ֱ𡣡
īٶƽڡ
ӡĬ֮΢΢˵ͷ˻Ƶ֪ˡ
ī˵ͷ飬һᴦЩʱȶһ˵ţҲ΢֣żؾȻˣںż֮ڣȴҲɵġֲ̫㣬ҲΣա
ӡ΢΢˵ͷ
żĴȻ˵Ĵǿߣÿʮ궼ҪǰһΡǹɳȺԵǰ򵥡
ؾĲƸ˰ɣĴҲֻȥһˣ֮㲻ȥ⵱ǴԵǰ㣬Ľֲ̫ĴҲ̤㣿
Ҫһʺš
ߣؾפοǿߣ
棬ȻһЩ˵Եڡ
˲ΪҾĿ䳤ϣӡȴ
ǿ߲ȥ²ΪƿֲΪĶﲻǿðյĳ̶ȡ
ǺżǿÿʮͱȻ֯һȺ˽룡ɼǿߵҪؾ֪ٱˡ
ú׼ɡ
īҲٶ˵ʲô˵ͷ֮ת뿪
ӡ֮ϣ۾ɭȻֲĹ
ݡ
ૡ

Х糱֮µĺԵ÷ˡ
ȺΧһµ֮ϡ

һӡ֮ݿ͵һȡʱ䣬âǰļ춦Ʋݵ硣
أͷȻĶǰļ춦ͬʱȫҲż춦ڵҩ
ãԭͣļ춦ŽĻָ֮Ҳ³һ¶һ˿Цݡ
굤ˡ
һ춦ǣʱǷ
ݣ
һ⣬ڼ춦ǿһ˲䣬ȻԶг˳ȥҪӡ
ӣ
ݴһץŨԪʱһֻ֣ǽ⣬˲ץС
֨֨
һͬӤһǽϴ
ƷҩѾӵԣȻ١ݿһĻҲ¶˼־̾
Ʒҩֻп쾳֮󣬲ơʣ㶼⡣ټƹ̵Уط뵤ҩȻȻģ߱һǡ
ֻǳͷ·Ӥһ㡣ݵıܣͺñӤ֮ޣԣʲôΣա
ܼʱĽ֮ץסôȵʮ֮꣬ⵤҩǱͻΪǻۡ
ݾӹżϿؼ䣬еҩ޳ɵǿߡ
ԪûĴץסġ굤ͨơΪԲΣϸĻܹҩ֮Ѿ߱١
٣Ӧ١ֻо߱٣ž߱޽Ŀܡ
ݺĿһ֮Ҳٶ࿴Ԫ΢΢һֻġ֨һУ굤ǣ㱻ݸˡ
ҩ֮һ
굤ķµʱˡҩѳɣȥһ°ΣȻ󣬾Ҫ취ȥŪˡ
ţȻ˼춦Ҳƿһƿնȥ

֮
˷ڲϢݵΣȴѾ˶ȺıԵ֮
ңңȥһĵѾȻɼ
ݵѡðβĻĵ
ϵвȻţһãӰλ㰲ȫ
ţһ׼ɹȥȻͷһĿ⳯ã󺣿ȥȴ¶˼⡣
漴ϣ¶һ˿˼ЦݡٳɣһʱŻĵȥ
ĵϣϥһ߷ٲ£ٲ֮ˮͣĳˢ塣
ʱİΣ֮ǰֱѾ˷츲һı仯
ΪϢͣûκεͻƣȻЩˡ࣬ȴһ֪˾ǣ
ԭ԰С壬ʱȴѾߴ࣡һ⣬߸¡𣬼֮ϣ¶ͭɫļǷһֽһĹһ֪嵱УӯһֱըԵ
ԭ׾ݣʱҲѾں׵סݶѾЩ
ôĶٲ£˫ĿգŽâļ֮ϣһɫ⻪Ȼ
׽뵽вУһۣͿٲµİΡ
ΣݵҲ¶˼־ȣȴ¶˼ο
Ȼʱ䣬ûи
ţȻԶѪҲƷ巨εսֻǿߣսһˡ
õǾ˵ĺô֪Ϲ巨Ʒ֮֡ѪʾǻƷڸεţ֮Ҳ˽⵽ƷĹ
ȻĶûһġ
һ֮ȴһЦڵΡ


823 ȥ
󣬵ȴƺƵֱӴ˳ȥ
ԭĿееİΣȻһ͵̧ͷȻ󣬾Ϳ˿΢Цݡ
ޣǰλһ漴ʱϲһΣԾٲޱ̧ͷݣǰڻˣ
ޱȼİΣͷҲһ̾Σȷһˡ
ˣҲ˵ҸЦ˵
һ漴û˿ԥһͷԭҲû׷ʡ
һ֣ǿԪ֮ʱǽ
εһ£漴ͻȻ뵽ʲô̧ͷݣЩţǰΪ
Űηɹ԰μǵõʱݵʱʩչȴ뵱ղͬ
ˡһЦص
ʲôλһԼĶ䡣
֮ǰ뿪ʱҲڰˡȻŶ̶̵ľʱ䣬ȻѾڣ
εһȻݵУһƬݡ
ݺ˵ȴȥһˡһŰαǷɳ˻ĵ
һˣһǰңȥ˭
ݿһۣ漴Цơ
֣ȴðλȻɴ۾һ˿ѪɫУ˳
Ƴһ۰ͻȻ˼ֵļ⣬һ̾
ৡ
˳һȥ

̲֮ϣӰ̤š˰塱С
ǰһ죬үϢһ°ɡ˷ӿһģӣ̧ͷһ֮ͻȻ˵
Ҳ̧ͷһۣ·ԪҲ٣ԶиĵҲ˵ͷͬ˶ԷĻ
ʱˣ̤˻ĵ
ָһ£֮ǰϵ˵ĺ洦һʯȥͬʱԸ
ǡˣ㶼ͷȻҲһ齸ʯָԪ
ʱ֮
ָ𣿡
۾оԼԪѾָ߰˰ˣֱӿڡ
ˡ
ˡ
վ
Ƶ˵ͷҲվ
׼
ƣ
׼뿪ʱ֮ϣһޱȷɱȴͻȻըĻ
ݶʱһ䣬̧ͷȥ
ֻߣˡ
շУǿߣ
ͷһȻûü˵ģٿ䣬Ѿǵͷ֮ϡ

һӴӰֱӴӿ¡һصǰĵϡˣʱſģ
һ߳׵Ŀ׳ϼ߸¡¶ͭɫļ֮ϣŽһŨܵëǴһŨҰԡ
ʱ׳۾ȴĶƣڷɱ
ƣ
ҧгݵҰһ׳У˳
ƾĿŴˣ˵ϣһּΣյϢ
赱Уȴһ˿ɻ󡭡ΪͲʶˡ
ǺˣüͷͷЩ˼ϷδˣȴҲҷ̧ͷֻΪǰҰһˣѹȸмǿиоԷԼɱΪŨԣȻϷǿ߳˼ɵȴҲҷȥһۡ
˭ҰҧгݣͻȻֻ֣ðĻɫâƵˣʱͷһҲðԪâ
ǣҰ˲ûйǣôŻƹ֣ĨԼʱŨܵĺ룬ƬƬıɻĿ֮УһŰ֮ǰͬ¶˳
ڣʶ𣿡Ұ˷֣ĿƵĶơ
һŶԷһϤĸоȴȻü֮󣬺ȻһʧΣ
Σ
԰Ҳһ¶˼ɻ
Σ˭
ȻͬӦȴȻ̧ͷſпȥȻɫ˲԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫ
ޣݣ
ڳݽͣš
ݣ
ݣ
һȻҲ·뵽ʲôȻ̧ͷŵĵɴ۾
ݣ֣ҿ׹ȻҲֻ֣ͨǿɲֹһ˵
ţһ֮䣬ɱʮϳϣи߸ϣ޵еľǿӡϣҲƣȻֱ˦ؾƲʽƵеʹڰ
˶֪ڣҶ
ǣô
ˣɵˣȻжʱĵ˼
ƽĿ·ʧ飬ȴֻǵһЦûκεıʾ
ƣεĵͺĻعžͷ
ֻεϣޱŤɫȥɣ
һ£һ£
ƻˣ֡
ȻεȽ죬Ѿ꣬ﻹĻ
ֻ֨һ𣬽ţ˾ֵĿ֮Уα͸ߴΣȻһȦΣҲǵң
Ʒ巨ٶʧԼ۾
ǾҲУҲˡȻҲ֪巨Ʒס
γ󣬹ǿᣡƷ巨ı֡
ΣȻӵƷ巨
䡱
һ졣
ûʱȥ˼ֻߵİΣһųŵڵȻײȥһ
סƾʧʧҲæչ˷֮
֮䣬ͬʱ䣬Ƶ˵ϣҲʱðԪâնҪʹαˡ
ȻЯ֮ⷨĽâȴѡ˲ܣһ˫۾Ķƣֱײ˹ȥ

ͬâȻڽӴһ˲䣬Ǳһ˿ۼ޷¡
ⲻܣƾʧ̿֡
ȥɣߵӴΣЯһǰıŭֱһͷޡ
䣡
һȭݺݵƵϡ
ϵĽ£ʱðһ۵ϡ
ȻϽ˰εȭͷһϢһ顣
εȭͷʵĴƵš
ۣ
ѪʱƵĿһȭŶİȥϵƷҲһȭ֮£ֱѿ
ⲻܡƵɴ۾ϵȭͷ˺Ѱʹӿԡ

ҽһѪͣһɾӿƵ壬ģ˳ȥ
ݡ
ȻһѪɫâԿмûƵڡԭѾѵ࣬ʱԼٶȻָ


824 Ǳ
̶һ̧ͷȥ
ݣ΢ЦĿ
ү
˹

һŭ˫ֻһ˦
ۣۣ
ΪĻͬһ㣬ֱӱ˳ȥ
νٶһ̤ʱһֱʮ׵ĹѣεΣ׷˿еơ
ȥ
һȭ϶£Ƶ崸˵档
ۣƣٶһѪݺݵһ齸ʯ֮ϣʯʱ޷ػѿ
ȥ
κȻһţ̤Ƶ֮ϣƵĿУٶһѪѪĭ⡣
ȥ
һȭֱӺƵԴ֮ϣƵԴʱȻһ˵ϵʯ֮СٶһѪ

Ʒĺ
һ£ƴʱӦѾˡ
ȴֵķ֣壬ÿһܵƻܻһͣİָš
ǡ˺һʹȴûмְٰ
ȥȥȥ
ͬħһ㣬һ˫ȭͷĳµƻӻȥƵĲҽУǲڶ
ү
˵ĻĴ
ݡ
һѪâӹʱɴ۾ͷأ˵ϡ
ȥȥȥ
η·֪ƣһĻӻţÿһ涼΢΢һ¡ƵĲҽУҲһʼľ춯أһϢ
ȫʧˡ
Ѿ
ȥȥȥ
ȻȴȻûͣ£ȻͣĻӻţšѪȾ壬ϵƣҲѾһ̯ࡣ
ƽڿУ漴Ҳ̾һ
һѪƻĳ˰ʮȭÿһȭԼԼ˺ѵʹѪչ黹ǻù⣬ҲѾˡ
ɰȻڲͣĻӻš
ε飬⡣
ʱ䣬İӱ𡭡ͷܵʹѹ֪ǿԶ̶̾ʱ䣬ͽţе̶ֳϣܿһƴ
£ȥװɣݿĺ
ź׵޾ѹԼ塣
ھʱ䣬ţе̶ֳȣ
ƴУΪģԼӱ
ҵһðβ

̾һ֮ڻڵˣΡ
ٶ֣ʱͣ˿С֮ļͷ΢΢鴤󣬾Ǻ
ŶŶ㿴㿴Ѿ㱨ˣѾˣ㿴𣿡
ͻȻ쳤ХˮϵѪˮʶ¡
Һ㣬Һ֪𣿣
ģһᣬһὫЩˣһɱɾ
ơֻǷǣһɢġһģ
ŶŶ
Ŷ
εһʼ󣬽ȴǱѹĳʡ
ݿһĻҲΪ֮ж
󣬵İӣϵȻǺõ˼¡
ݵλ䵽˵ϣεİεļȴû˵
Ƭ֮󣬰ֹסԼ۾Ѫ˿ݣһͻȻӣһڵء
ǰлл㣡
İõĳһݣȻŻ֣ðվ
ˣг𱨳𡣵ҲؽԼƵô·ܳݿο
ллǰε˵ͷм˵
ΪҾ֮ǰһŵ˵
һɻĿݡ
ֻâһʱһɫȻȰοȴֻݳ磬˲Ϣ֮䣬㽫е˰εü֮
λһʱüʶ֮УһȻعʱһ͵Ľɫ漴α𾪵Ŵ͡
Ϊ֣ԭһ꣬Ȼ͵Ľɫ֮¡ʼ˻ָ
εԴʱһ
ʮ֮ڣһһ𸴡ҵĳŵ
ݾǰĻͻȻԺСȻˮٶֹס
ǰǰȻΪѰһö굤
ۣݵһƬӡмȣݣлһ˿˿Ĳ֪롭
ʲôɳȺ˵ֻײһɢްˡȻȴһһεİ𡭡񣬾ȻĽֵǵġ굤Ѷϵ֮·
ΣΪΪ
ö굤Ʒҩ㲻Ϊƣĵⵤҩȫҩûϵһƣƽⵤҩἤҩ˵ʱ򣬾ͻԶҩָơݿŰ˵ϾֻƷҩҩҲ޵ģҲҪСһЩ
ؾҲõһЩؼЩؼҲû̫ã͸ɡһƷķҲˮԵģе졭ٸߵĹҲûˡϾʦŹҲ⴫֮ٸԡçţĻҲԼȥѰҸõĹˡ
ڱչ黹лģҪ֮֮£ܹȥ͹ȥɡܸߣ׷ǳϧǰչδȴܳԹȥȥǣħһ֮·ˡǡ
ݻ˵
ĸоһֵýˣһ·ҲһЩʦͽһСⷬ˵Щʦͽܵ˼
һԣʱݵ˼϶ʱ¶˻֮̿ɫҪ˵ʲô
Ȼ֮ȴ΢΢ȻԼûʲô˵ġ
ҪǿǰߣҲ˵ʲôǰߡΪ˸ǰ֮⣬ʲô
޲ɢ֮ϯҲұͲ˵ˡպԵټɡ
ݿŰЦһ£漴һһΣƿնȥ
Ʒɡ
ԶԶˣȴѾʧ
δվԭأ֮ع˵ϵĴĬ
漴ȴ͵һת㰺׳Ŵȥ
ҪŬУΪūΪͣҲҪ׷ǰңʵ΢ҾУǰĶҲҰΣвģ
ҧгݣͷһƬᶨ


Ⱥīݻׯ԰ڡ
ī鷿ü˼ʲôȻһʧ𣬷šѡһƿīʱü̧ͷȥ
ƶһˣīʱһվ߹ȥס


825 δ
ģĴӣƣ
ʱƵ״̬Բôáݲ԰Ѫؿ½ѪȾ죬ϢңΪȶ
ҵķҵķɱˣ˫Ŀ죬ʵĴ˳
ɱīһݳ˭ɱģ
ǰݣƵУĺ벻ʡ
ݣ
شīˡȻУʱӿޱߵŭ⡣
ݣݣݣãһݰīзŭ
յ֣˵кܴһֵԭ򣬾ݡݣϣҲץסνġ鲻һŪʮֵı
ڣݣȻֽĴӷֱɱˡ
ϸϸ˵һҲҪ©īҧгݣҲһ˿ѪɫȻǶŭˡ
ǣҧȻ˵ǰЩʱ׶ˣڹɳȺ֮һĵ֮ϣ˲ٵҩݡҾʹȥһ̽
ȥ֮ȴֻ֣һҥûνҩݡʧ֮࣬׶ˣظ뵽ɳȺ˵Ԫ˲٣һĵָԪ
ǣԪָ׼뿪ʱ򡭡Σϵˣ
˵Ƶɫ԰һ֣¶һ˿־壺ǰֲ̫ˣȻΪȻֻڣ壬ȴƿֲ
ҵƷֲסһȭֱѡ׶ˣΪҲ൱˵Ԫ򹥻Ʒĵ޷һ˿ۼ
ʲôīҲǻһ𣬲˼ԪϷ򹥻Ʒ޷
ǵģҧͷҵʱ򣬲δԪ뷨֮Ǵƽʱ壬͸ߴ࣬ʱ򣬸Ǳǵϣ
Ʒ巨īһ
ǻǾἰƷ巨ı󣡡ƵͷϸֳһƬ԰ףһ˿־壺ҸĶֻ֣һȭ㽫һ׶Ҫ赲ҲǱһ˦˳ȥ
ⶼص㡣صǡݣȻӵӡϵһѪɫͣĻָ˵ƣ
ʲôīʱһȻʵ
ԾʵҧأͻȻۿ⣺԰εȭֻһȭҾͻݡȴڴѪɫҵ岻ͣıָ
ǰΣѹڵ棬ʮȭǹɢǷҲţҲš˵Ҳ˵ȥп־壬ģȴ裡
һҪ𰡣
īԴֹ֮ͣһйݵ顣
ݣʲôˣ֮īҧء
ӿռĪ֣Ʒ깥طлƷ巨
񣬾Ȼӵӡһָ
׻жܣ
īмת̲סϾҪǰǹɳȺԵһ
뷨ܿͱֹס
ݼȻҳ֣֤;ȥҲ϶Ѿ뿪
ҡڻʱ򡣺żҪ顣ǰпܲκջ񣬵ʱǸһҵĽڣ
ԣ֮ȶסҵλáȵεķ粨ȥ֮󣬲ݺú˵ʱڡȴУ
īͷšգҧأʱס
Ȼ̧ͷȻ԰׵ƣһ
ȥҩһö鵤£֪ˡ
һģƺƶʱˡ
ˣˣܵġī˰֣ƣĬһʱ䣬̫̫ƽ£ҲһЩ
ٶһʱԼľ档ͷһ΢΢˵ͷ
ȥɡ
ƣĬ뿪鷿
ī鷿гĬվţԶʡ
á
ݡ

µҲһķƽ˾
߿֮УһӰٿɹ
ѰٺˣڣҪ취Ūˡ
ݷڿУȴ˼š
ʱ䣬ż֮ˡʱ俴ƺܳʵȴࡣҪ֮ڣʵ
˼һ֮ȴûʲôͷ
żֻǿߣнӴʸڣǿҲþ֪ϾֻʮѡʣµģȴѾڶ˵ġ
߻ӣż˵׼ʲôϢȥ̽һ˵ɡ
뵽˾ǾĴȺ˶У˵׼ʲôϢҲһ
뵽Ҳɣ㳯žȥ

գݱ˾ӦĶΪϢ͸סǿߣҲ̽ʵ
ݿǽҸˡҲؾȻҪӱСĲźá
׼֮ŵ˵졣
ǰһεִ˵ʱǰ֣ڵתһȦȷû˷Լ֮ſʼ̽Ϣ
ͬ²һϢȷǲ״̽ھϣͣ죬Ȼ˶̸֮ż飬й飬ȴǰҲ̽
֮£ֻʧ뿪ˡ

ڿУã漴һ֣Ӵóһöơ
ݿеƣȴЩɡ
ƣǵġ˵£ƴѶ
һؾݶ˼ҿɲΡ飬ȥ˼ҡݻе㿪ڡ
֮أʶ˵УҲΪߣпܽӴĵ֮¡⡭
ͷᡣƬ֮һҧҲͶɣ֮أҲŲ˶ˣ޷뺣żŬȫ׷ˣ
ֻӵܽ뺣żǺʵġ
ֻΪʱĴǿ߾ףݵΪ뷨
ǿߡȻ֪жǿǾ켶ǿ߿ɱȡȻżҲѹԪ뷨ڣݿɲҿ϶ЩǿǲҲЧ
Ͼǿǳ˾ǿߡ֪жǿ
뵽˴Ҳˡ
׼ʶƵʱ򣬺ȻеһΣһʶԾ֮ϡ
΢΢һ֮ʶһ
֡
ʱʵݵʶ֮


826 ټ
ݶʱ΢΢һǻȻƱʵһ˿ڴУܸʶԼóˣһΧ֮ڣȻҲܸӦˡ
֡ʶ˹ȥ
ʱǱִһʶһĳ˰뵽ĳˡ
ʻЩΡ
˼ҳĴԼԼȴΪ£Ҳ·ˣ˼ҡʵЩˡ
⡭֮£Ҳ֪ˡ벻Ҫ֡εĴ˵
֪֪ٺ٣ֻǴֱʰƣȵʹ죡ʹЦ
֪ݶʱһ
⡭ٺ٣ʵĳʱ뿪ˣɺؾĶ̫ˡҲ֪ĳʵе̫ˣ۷˻ȥĳᣬһֱԵʱȫ̡Ҳۿֵ۷硣ֱ뿪ųһ룬ֲСˣĳ׷˳ȥϧѾˡ˵šû˵ֹǿˣ侮ʯһӡҲǺ֮ˡ
һЦҲ֪ؾ飬ȷŪöС
ͻȻóĳƣҪĳţִһʶ
⡭һ֮󣬻δ˵ʵĳնֲΣȷһѯ֣ղóƣҲԥΣûڡ
Ҿֿ֪϶Ҫң
֮ǰ²ض˵ĳҲϾֵܵȷνǡ춯ءºĳ֪ҲһֱƼˮ꣬£׵ضĳҲκˡԴԱͲض˵ˣ֮ˣʹЦҲѵܣĽʶ޻ᡣ統ĳԣֶĳл֮ʲôõĵĳֻҪĳܳһģƴǣ
ʵĻдǸпʣȷһλŵȳˬ֮
뵱ݲڵΪʾнύ˼Ҳݳڷ֮ģδ֮ټҲ˿⵱飬ԼһƣԵ¿ɼҲǼΪ֮
һ
ˣĳˡһЦ
ˣ˵˵ɣĳʲô£ʺĴ
һ֮˴֣ʵִ̽һϢ
ŶʲôϢЩ档
ĳִ̽ġйż顣ֿ֪֪ʲôطŪһݿֱԡ
ҪȥżЩȵ
żʮ꿪һΣĳΪҲﵽڣȷҪȥ̽һ̽ݻصûἰ顣
ҶˣʹЦ
Ŷ·ݵ۾ʱ
ҵȷ·֣Ǽһϸ˵ɡȴ˸ӣЦ˵
ҲɣЦ˵һͷ֮ɣҼ̸ȥ
ǺãڱȺıɷϰɡڴ˵ص֡Ҳ飬ֱ˵һ֪ĵ
ã֮ڣұظϵ·̣ҹ̵ģ֮ڣȷܸϵ
ִݡʴЦ˵
ҲЦ

ƣҲ³һЩüĿˡ
ƢԺˬΪ飬ȷֵһѡ
ֻ֪Ƿ˳ȡ
ţһ򣬳űȺ򣬱ǺХȥ
ɷ֮ǰݾȥȻ֪λ

֮
ɷȺ
֣ѵˡݿһ·ĵ죬óơ
ҸӦˡԵȡʴЦ
ƣڿеȴʱǰıɷϣһΡ
֣һϮ۵δȵЦУȻݸǰ
֣ΡĳͻˡлˣݻЩ˼Ц
Ȳ˵Щѱ¾Ʋˣཻʵһ¡ʹһʺˬЦ
Ե㡣ҲЦ˵
Ƿ˱ɷ
áɷľ¥
֣롣䵽˽ſڣʴЦţݽ˽á
롣Цŵ˵ͷ롣˴һ¥ֱӳ¥ȥ
еˣǷ׷ײĿ
ʣ˭ȻҲڣ
Ϊͣĺܡ
ڱȺҲǼΪȻ˶ʶһڵݣȻ˼ֺ档

룡
¥Ⱦͷһ֮⡣ʴЦƿ˰š
һЦҲ˽ȥ
װʮֵݻһİ֮ϣɫѵʳˮˮ֮ڵĶǧĵŮĿһࡣ
ݽòΪŮ΢΢ǷŴĵλӡ
һ漴ͷҲЩȡ
λŮȻǿߡ
ǿߵŮ
⡰áĺ̨һ㰡
֣Ц¡Ȼʣ˷ֱ
ŮҲȻһһߵݵ࣬Ϊ˾ˮ
֡տģ˱ʾƱ
Ҳ飬˾Ʊһ
ʹ죬ʹ죡ʿȥǿģЦпھ֮ǰҾҪཻڵóԸˣ
ȴһЦҡͷˣݺεºܣﵱ˿ء
֪ҡҡͷ΢΢һ㶡
ֿɻǵõͬͰǰ׵飿
Ȼǵġһ£ҡͷһЦǵһαͣôǵģ
ʱϵˣѾҵʯƸˡΨң֣ԼλΣδ׽áʱĳЩȡĵһڣһڣôҵ͵ģ¶ɻЦ֮£ĳһ֪̽˵ںż֮ϣɼս֮¡漴ɷ֮¡
ƾˣǲֶĳɣ֮ȴҡͷһЦ
ȻˡʺɵҡͷƷȻϡҲûˡƾȻһЩȤԶﲻҪύĳ̶ȡ
ŶһΪΡ
Ϊ֮ĳһϢʿݣ̾ҽȴΪԼг𣬶ΪǺѰΡɣ
ݶʱ΢΢һ漴ǷӦ˹ɵ˼ս֮ǰȷ˵һԶвٵ˶˶СºһƲ⣬ҲȷƲԼɵ˽Ե


827 
Ϊ˺ѣηǿƣĳֹĿ࿴ύԭ򣡡
ʸ̾磬֮ˣȴѾԽԽټˡ
⻰ˡ
£ֻƾԸƫЩԹԹȴǷֵļΪ
ζ֪֮ðšܸ١¶ΣգҲҪµޱƴСΪ׵ܣ֪УҪҧ佣ڴðűǿ߻ɱΣգҲҪ佣ڴͼһժȥ
ߵÿһ£˵
Ƽˮ꣬ΪԼľأҲԺ˼ɵ˺Ƥ
ĸ֣ݵá
˵ޣݻЩ˼Цˡ
ءȴҡҡͷЩĿݳֽֿύ֪ң
һ仰ȴһ
ʵ˼ġύɲǳԳԺȺȣּ潻顣Ϊ֪еֽύ
ݶʱЦǲĳֵˡ
óƣʵһʱʹʶѶϢʱݱѾؿƢԺˬһġȻҲǻϲѡ
ԶʱϲЦãããһֵܣ˱
ã
ҲʹһЦ
ҽһֶ֪ˣʺһ֮ѯݡ
֮а̾ʣˡ
һʮ꣬ڡʵȷˡ
ݾ֮̾ɫ΢죬ʮ
࣬٣ΪԼˣһ㵡
ʮֻ˵һΡ
һΣˣȴʱһŵĿݡԱߵλŮҲһ𾪵Ŀݡ
ʮ
Ǵ̥ͿʼУҲܴﵽֲΰɣ
ݣ
˶¶㵣š
ҲǿЦá
Ҳ֪ԼٶЩ졣ǣô¶һ·嵽硣ͷһ£ʮǰΪһһԣҲ͸ԽڡּǧԲεߡ
ֵܡҴûʲôˡһʵۿ֮ڳ³һЦЦһһֱΪԼʲءû뵽˵ţҡͷпѡ
ʻǺǿġСнյһɼȴӶ࡭ǫ˵
ѯһ֮ʸĿڣһһĳˡȻҲ˿
ãã۾һ漴ЦҼȻϣͲҪЩͻֵ֣ġʵһЩӦ
˵۾ͻȻһˣǽΪֵΣ
ʾˣ뵽ʲôʲôһ𣬼֮ҲȷΪݣؾӡƣ֮Ʋʽһ£ĿζҪΪֵ
һ漴ͷҲӿһɺ飬ˬһЦԸҲ
ãããʹЦŴЦߣһݻħǳе£ʲôľˣֻһϣӽҾֵˣ
Ҳɣ𣬱㹧һ񣺡Сݣ硣
ããܿվһ֣Ц
ȻҳֵܣҶܣ⵱ģȴûʲô񡣡һЦּ䣬һ׸Ц͵ǴҸļɡ
ݶʱһĽ˹
ͷһȴһޡ޲ƴСȥʲô֮
򿪿Ц˵
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漴һŨͻȻ֮˳ϼʣɣȻ֮䣬ƾճɣݵ궼һ㱣׹λá
ԱߵλŮã֮ϣ¶ʳģ
Ȼֻһ˲عݻǴһʣǣ
ǧ顣Ц
ǧ飿Ŀʡⶫδ˵
΢ЦҲ֪ҵߣΪԽߣҪʯԽࡣ֮ǰʲô֮ҪʯǶǺÿһΣҪʯҲԽࡣ򣬾ֻʱ
ݵ˵ͷҪڣҪڵƷʯԽҪȻԽࡣ
Ҫ죬Ҳǧϵʯ㹻ʯգҲҪǧꡭƾԼһοǧ꣬궼ͻơЦҡͷǿƽǺѼ𣿾Ϊǽȫʱ䶼Ϊ֮ϣ
ݶʱȻ
ѹ֣еǿ߶ϲչءǰΪǱչظ»п
ʯٶȣ빦㶼йءһˣٶȵȷǲ졣
һ룬ڣмΪġ󡱣ּǿᣬܹܵסڱڡҲǺķ˼꣬һʮڵƷʯ
ƾԼգǿ¾ʮ꣬ʮ꣬ҲȫοÿһСҪһε˾ǿߣȫʱ䶼ķԪϣƺҲˡ
ǣʲôϵݻѯ˳
ٺ٣Ϊ飬ԶƷʯ
ʹЦֻҪﵽô۶٣ڼ̵ʱϣκһ˿һǧ飬ͿɵһƷʯɵʮڡʮɵڡɵǧڣ
ȴסˡ
飿һǧ飬ɵһƷʯĿɵʮڣ
ϣ֮ݵɴ۾
֪ǰû˵ɣ
ʹЦҲѹ֡Ǽ˺ģҲֻһЩ֮ءĵ¶Ѩ֮УŻܲ˵ҲɳȺڣ֪ģڣҲ࣡
ڶٶʱﵽΪ㻹ΪȫƾʣʹЦ
𾪵ĿеޣȻơãų³һһ̾СȻʱж̣ĹżҲ٣ϼʶˡȴû뵽Ͼ֮ǰȴˡдЦˡ


828 ż
ݸпҡͷԼ佣ڿٵĹż鶼˵һ飬ȴ֪Լļʶ̫Щ
ϲ֪ж֮£ԼŹġ
ʮ꣬ͿʼУҲʮˡ֪ҲԷƱƾʡͲ֪Ҫɷˡȴҡͷпʣʵ̫һЩ
ʮ꣬ڡʣʣҲδŹ
ǡ磬ݼ̫ˡСʵڲաݸпһ֮ȴʸļ̫أĲ˼£㽫޵ݻȥ
ܣû˼ˡǽֵܣȻһ磬ѲɵĸܵһּҲУȴٺһЦ
ǣġ
ݻ˵ʲôȴѾһ֣Цֵཻڽġ֮ȴ˿أңһ࣬Ҳǧˡ˵㲻ʲôͰ±ǡ
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ݣҲһǡ
ûпǡƳ٣ɾǿҡȴǹ
ٶ죬գȴ̾һЦȻˡСҾͺˡ
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˵ţֻһһ뺣һ㣬ֱӵԼü֮
Ŀţֻɫâͣ˸ݡãâɢȥ
ۣЦСܸĻ񡣡˵ţ˳ȥ
ʲôʺĽ˹ȥ
΢Ц㿴֪ˣ˵ţԼŽ޸ϣ˴С
ɣʱʧȻһŨȴȻУþ޷ɢȥ
ֱʱԱλŮŻһ˹
ʲô£ãʣȴ֪ղŷʲô¡
ҵҪʺ棬ɵıǽԼĶͷ֮ϡ漴һ¶ã֮ɫһɺ嫵Ϣӿʶ
ȥɡһƣȻ˵
λŮɻղŷʲô£ݵĻʱһһ֮ȴҲҶ˵ʲô΢΢֮˳˰ᡣ
ָһţʱһƾճͣʣ档
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Сʱȥ֮󡭡
Ĺ𾪵
̧ͷЦСݼ񣬴ɻ⣿
Ŀ⸴ӵĿݣ֮󣬿ЦڵÿǣǲҪ鶼ˡ̫ˡ
ղ˵ĻѲԼˣȴ׽һЦ
һȴǹЦݵĿ⣬Խ׽ããʣȻûˣ
΢΢һЦ
ѪӦǻƷ巨˰ɣǾǰƨ磡ʸ̾
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Сӡұ˵ǧһ㣬һġû뵽Сӷ־͸һ¸صġʿ㲻ԼҴ
룬ĵ˵ͷòô˼
㡭۾ʱһɣЦ
۵Сһ֮

ˣ㶼Ц˼
ԺˬСڣؿƢֱˬȻƫȴԹ塭ˣ㶼ΪͶԷĸԡһ̸û֮ǰǷİСֻԷԼཻ˶ѡ
ƹѲ˹ζ֮ЦˣЩеûˡСǶҪԼĿ˰ɣ
΢΢һʱһԼţ˼̸ֲ֧ȷǲԼĿˡ
ȴЦˣ֪ν¶ҲͲԭˡ֮Ͱϡż֮գ꣬ʱ䣬ǡýΪȥ
ͷҲһѯʣ治֪λشƭĻԼⲻȥʵ棬Ҳ롣
ʱϾǳʶȻֵܣҶԷ˼ֵǧƷʯļ񣬿ɼȷʵġʵ̫Ҫ飬ȻǲԸõڶ֪
Ѫʲôȴĸ
ˣͶлˡ˵
ȻҪȥżһҪһ¡ȻѪǿںżҪСĲǡ⺣żɲʲôƵءвǿߣп䣬򲻿ɴˡʵ˵ͷЩص˵
ݵ˵ͷСȻġ
йغż漣лΣգѾ˼׼
һ룬ؾǲƸܾ˰ɣǣǿȴֻȥһΣҲûȥ
ɺżأÿʮ꣬Ĵǿߣǰȥһˡңˣ
ͿԷһЩ쳣
ؾ紫Եǰ㣬ǿ޷УԲŲȥˣ
ݿɲšܹһֱߵλáȻ˵治ӵ巨ֶϹ󷨵ԭ桭ǿѵûʲôֶˣ
ԣһͿԿؾԣǿ߸صģ⺣ż
ܹǿ߿еĵطǰ򵥣⺣żǲΣղŹˣ
ԶⷬݵҲûԵжԾ
磬⺣żȥܸܲҽҲ
żǰΪΪûʲôգҲδȥȻҪȥȻȥһ̽Щɷġʵͷ˵
ҪģǽΪļȥż漣УǿԶԪ뷨ġԣΪԽԽá
ԶԪ뷨򣿡ϢȴͷʱһΧ޷ԪΪ桭
ҾͲ֪ˡżΧ޷Ԫż棬ȴȷǿԶԪ뷨ġҡҡͷ
ݵ˼ȴ΢Щ
ܶԪ뷨ĻǾЩ鷳ˡϾʱҿǻȥܶ˵ġѾˣһȽ汻Ⱥ֮Ļ
ǵңʼģȻѯʡ
̹Ȼ˵ͷҲ֪ҿǽҵˡûңҲ׼뺣ż顣֮˺żĻɾͲһˡ


829 ֮
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ݳҲ¶ֵ֮ɫȴչһЦˣֵۣܳǿĵ£ЩԺ˵ܻа취ġ
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ֻһһģһ㣬ͣš䣬ǡĴһǿʶ֮ɫʶʶڵġ̶չ춦顱顱顱飬Ҳʶһ֮䣬Խ⡣
ݵ֮顣
ƷЩЩȴ֮ͨ⣬Ҳ˵ʶйءԽ㣬ҲԽǿ

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ң⻹ֻͨǧ顣ʿе飬ʮ꣬飬֪жֲء
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ڶ೤ϣʱͣ˲ݿȥһ֮һ񣬶ʱˡ
ʣݵͷҶԣҪĶˣ
īһ䣬Ȼ뵽ʲô塭
ȻеġδڣӡͻȻһݣ

ֻһƷ춯ӡѾ˹ȥ


833 ȫע
īɫʱһ䡣
ȻӡȴѾ˵ݵǰգһĻߡ
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϶ʱӹһѪâȻһ
䣡
һ˶ֱǰһݵλһѪâױȵٶȣӭӡ˹Ρ
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ֻһӴӡΣʱһƬѪ
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ɫâȻӡα״Ѫ˳ʮףɫâİ£»ָ˹ȻӡˣȴǷˡ
ӡ
īȷӦһΣ㵲ӡǰŭͣ£
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ӡһ˫۾Ѫ˿ҪȥҪɱҪɱ
ǣī·ʩչʲôֶΣнâ˸ӲǽӡѹסȻǶá
һһĻݵĿȴ΢΢һ¶˼⡣
żΧԪʶ㶼áӡĻǾҲеԲĳ̶ȣȻīһ־͸ѹסˡǽ⵽ʲô
ܣҪСī졣û´Ļǽ⣬ӦһؽױЩصԺ
ʱһ䣬ĿҲ˸
ؽױô
֣ȡʸ񣡡īصеӡҲһݾ͸еһʶżΧʶѹƣȫáʿԴȻīڶӡˡ
Ƭ֮󣬷ӡҧסأī죬ҲƣɫâҲʧȻݡ
ݣī쿴һ֮󣬺ȻƽĿڡ
ȴһЦ²仰ʵЩ׳ô
īĿжʱһ漴Ǳѹȥһ˿Ц˵ͷܺãܺá
˵꣬ݣתǳŹ֮ȥ
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һƽ·ղʲôûзһ
ī첻һɣ֪żΧĶ֣滰Ҳ˵Ƚˣ鷳ˡ˵
ҲЩصĵ˵ͷ
ȷī˼Щء졣ˣѶԸ
Ҫ֮Ը⿪żھͽȫɱˡ˼кã˵ˣʵС̾Ϣ
ٵȵȰɣǿ߾ҪˡԭأҲ˻ȥ

ղһʷ̫ˣ쵽Χ۵ӦûзӦӡȥѪָīѹȻʧһЩƽ
һϵеıʣ˲Ѿɣ𾪵ʱ䶼ûС
ֱԭ֮ǲŷӦ˹ȻһĿ⣬û֮ǰɡ
ˣڴʱΧڵУһˣͽȻ˳һ˫۾ȻĿݡ
ôˣԱ߻𾪵еˣɻĿ
ǰӡ⣬֮ƲʽƵģǴ˰
ʲô


˶һš
ǰؾ֮£ֵ÷зġؾдʵӡ⣬ƲʽƵ飬òӡǿ߳һڶȻҲǴ㡣ǶֵˣҲһֱΪ˽ֵ
û뵽ȻǴˣ
ˣʱ˲ɱʮҳϣӡһģؾУҳǰͬ
һΪ󲿷֪ϸڣִӴ˵ĿбȻٶȾ
ѹīҪֻ´˵巨Ѿǿᵽױȵĵز޷Ԫ뷨£īҲ֪˶ϣҲκβöԷɣ
ݣݰɣ̫ǿˣʲôݣ

Ϊ֮̾
ΧǾ̾ʱּң׺ţżȺˣҲ໥̸š
ղŵıʣǿǿеġ
ݣǵ͹һλ˵Ʒ׺Ŵüѯʡ
ǵĴϣʱҲõϢʱΪֻǵõһƷӶǵīİˡϾʱ͵ģҲīֱʣҡ
ī϶֪һЩܡ˵巨¾Ͳһ㣡鱨ôģʡ
߶ʱһ亹
ϴȥһʱҪ˵ϸϡ𣿡
ǣ

壬㵱ռ𣿡
ּҷ棬ּҴҲĿԶݡ
δԱߵҲҡҡͷҲݡ
Ӳ򵥡ˡһ£Ȼڡ
ϡһڡ
ȥһ飬ʲôݡƿ˵
ǡ깪

١
ٸݺϵܺã
ݲҲ
֪ٿصˣǲҪҲͺˡġᡣ
Ⱥ棬໥̸۵ص㣬ȴʣݡ
ȻҲע⵽ݵġ
ܷﵺۿݣԺУȴ뵽ؾһĻ
ǲǲٶȡĶݡ
ǣѵطɣʱҷطˡطֻСţּңĿ⵱Уȴ״ԥ
˵巨ǵУȻ巨᲻Ҳط
Խ룬Խǻݡ
꣬ͱһӵлƷ巨ɱһη᲻ᣬǴˣΪǺԵղʹɱ֣
Ȼӿһ˫۾Ҳŭ
ãҾͿ㡭ãҪҵ֤ݡ򡭡
񣬽ҧסݡ

ݵ֣Ľ˹ɳȺС
ʱȴûκһֳȻƽڵϣĵȴš
Ҳ֪˶á
Ȼһ˿ļ£ݵͷԭĿȻ۾
ˡʵĴҲʱ
ţݾͿЩԭƽԭصǿߣȻһվ鹧


834 Ĵ
ӭ棡
ӭ棡
ǿߣ㶼һ򣬹
ǸǴļ¸оķ
Ҳҳɣ
͵͵̧ͷȻͿĵӰĴķ
ĵӰȴһŮ
׵ģһĿꡣЦ⣬УȻżˮȴҲ޷մȾϣߣγһ׵աһ֪ǡˮ衱ĹЧ
˫ǳһ˷·ռ䣬ΧĴΪһ塣
ǿߣʮ꣬Ҳָഺһˣּҵ档
ʵʱ
ݣȴĿ͵Ŀţ֮󣬳³һ
ǿߵľԳɴȥǰַ·Զߡ
ʣȷˣβѣ
ݿּһ֮ĿͶ˵ڶˡ
ڶһǳɫĿꡣϣҲЦݡֻǣЦݣȴޱȣ߹ޱȡҲǿУˣƽʵԶ
ˣǲ׺ŵ桭ٶȴܡ
ȴһŮӡŮٸ죬˿٣ɢ֮ϡʤѩòһźһ㣬һ˫޾µϢ˵ĿֻһӴʱŤͷȥֱӡ
·ֱֻӣǶһĪһ㣡
һ徵˼ӡ
Ůӣҵ桭ٶȽܡһΣҲʵҲ΢ԵüһЩȻ󵽼ҲЩѳֲס
ȻҲЩ⡣û뵽ҵ棬ȻһŮˡ
ˣҲһˡ
ˣݣҲһʱЩز
һϮԵЩƲòҲ꣬һͷӵϴһĺЦһ˫۾ԵЩҿ
Ҳ˵ĸоֻͬһͨͷӣ˿ûǰƮݳ֮һʡ
Ȼȴܵĸоˣ²˵УΪһ
ڣһˡ
ӹŹͷ
ͷʣǺӹŹͷֱ˼¡һ޴ƺͺͮͮľƲ۱֮⣬Ǻͷķ棡
ӣͷǿߵĿԣǳĴ󰡡ͷš
ĸŹͷǱȺˡмֹŹֵ
ݳĬƬ֮ͻȻ磬˵ʵͷӡʲôϵ
ʴ˴εܣ㿴ˣ
뿴Ѱɣ飬˵Ū־Ū֡żͼָĶҲóǿȦ˵Ӳ顭Ҳ־ó˵һܿôЩεķһۡ
ٺ١ðɣͷӡҼͷʺЦ˵
ʲô仰ݶʱһۿʡΪҲǱȽܳͽܣӡû뵽Ȼϵ
ǵī𻹸㣿ıӵȴͻȻ͡
Ҽͷͷ¡ɳȺ֪ݵˣࡣͷЦ˵
ԣʱп´ʣȻҲеؽױɣ
ٺ٣Сͷ˵ʹá˵ǿ߶֮ĥ³ġһʲô飬뵽ñԼĳɳûʲôôÿһΣͷӾͻ֪Ȼͻ˿ҵġǮ⡮Ǯ鰡ԵؾҵһˣĺܸмġҪȻаġǮûˡ˵š
ݣȫˡ
ֻܸ̾
Ȼ˱ˣˡ
˻ΪĵʱѾؽױ׶ˡ˻ΪʯѾ˼ʱѾʼȡ顱ġǮˡ
ǲడ
㻹ȥؾʲô̲סѯʡ
̽գᱦȻͷȻҲʲôеġؾĲƸͷʵҲǲȥãֻĽ̫鷳ɳȺĴڽ跽棬ôټкżĵطΪǵᱦ֮أȻҲû˿ðȥؾҲţȥ濴¡ֻҪСһЩͷӸһЩ֮ܲᶪҲˡ
εķһۣǿˡ˶ԺΣյؾʵǹȥġͲںؾƸ
ΨһܹеȤģҲؾɵͳɣ

˵ʱĴǿߣҲ˵ĸǰ
񹧾ȵĿǡߣ嶼΢΢
ɡ
ּĿ⵭ȻԹܣ󵭵Ŀڡ
л档
ּң׺ţңԼȺΧ۵ˣ㶼񣬶ԹԵֱӣģ𾴡
ǿߣһΪǿΡ˭ֻҪ࣬ͱǱ־⡣ǿв֮Ҳ뱣ֶǿߵ𾴣
޵սûһͣϢӮȹϢռ䣬ǿ߶ǹûġ
壡Ȼù
λʼɡ
ּ浭Ȼɨ·һ֮Ťͷ˵
á׺΢΢һЦŮ棬Įĵ˵ͷ
˿ּſڣŹ·˵
ǣ
˸Ҷԣÿ
ּ棬׺棬Ů棬ƮȻȥ˾޴󹬵ǰʼҵͷӣվԭأûж
ϸĿǰλ档
ֻһۣ˵ͷ漴ּ䣬ǵУȴ˼
ȥ
ֻõģһ׶͵ľ壬Ǿ徧Ө͸ɡӳ뵿ռ߲ʹâԵɫʰ쵣͸
𣡡
ּһȣ˼ͬʱеľ˳ȥǾʱɢһƬҫĹâγֱӴ˿ϷǧŸߴĹ֮ϣ
ˣ
΢΢ҡˮвƵ
֮ϣһƬϼɢ͸ˮƣԵʣۼ


һƵԴŴţǸߴǧɣĹ֮ţĳ߳۵İ׹⣬ŷ֮͸¶˳
ȥ
ţȫĴ򿪡Ȼ¶ǰģȴһƬʰ׹⡭
󡭡
һĻݱ˹һ󣬴͵ڲ硣ѹ˵ż棬ûˮġ


835 һ
ݣݣݣ
ö壬ٿɻλУǽ֮պּ֮ŵȻĿһܣģ롣ʮ֮ɷشź󡣷򣬹Źرգ仯ˣֲˡʱ򡣡

ּңң׺ţȺվڹſڵˣ㶼Ŀڻص
ּ΢΢˵ͷ˵һߡ
ɷشź󣿡
仰ȴȻһ¶˼־ȣ󣬲Ѿʧ
磬ѾʧѵǴ󲻳ɣȻŤͷѯʡ
ôȻԭġֻΪûʲô󷨡˿Ҳʲô쳣
ûȷǴ󡣡
ʿ϶Ĵ𸴣ȴݶʱһԼ˳ֱӴ򿪡
תȻȻǿۣҲ˿ûпʲô쳣ڣУûа֡ĳɷ֡
⡭
ЩɻˡȲ˵󷨣ҪҪġжڡôôռ䴫͵أ
ѵһơҲӵпռ֮Ĳʣ
ѾʧȻвԳ費׵˳Ҫƽ⣬Ŀǰ˵ȲʵҲģżڲĶʻش
żڲɻĿʡ
šͷƺʮңͻֶֻҪ飬ֱӵִżڡǣڲһ뿪ûˡ
˻ݱǻȻ˹
ԭ󷨿ռڲĶѹֿ·
ȻҲ󣬵ȴСһԵġżΧ洦ɼԴҲΪġɼ󷨵ˣҪǿ
żһۿȥ֪һ壬嵱УֻҪĳֽΪý飬Ҳͺ˴顣
ý顣
ͨؽ̧֮ͷǰ
ʱѾʼ˲ͣĳȥˡĿһע⵽е
ּңֳֵһīɫơ׺гŵģɫơҵģɫơȺˣһɫʯ
۲֮УݺȻоһ˿Ŀ⣬Ťͷһ
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ʱӡһ˿п׺ݵĿ⣬ĿԼ֡
ͷһ֪Էǿˣ֪ҲҪżˡ
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ӡȻԺݵ۾ʱ΢΢
ɱңСһ١һЦͬȥ
ӡԭ׺ݵı飬ʱһϣٶԹĵһۣתҵˣǾ޴Ĺ֮С
硣һ֮Ťͷʡ
ţȥɡסҵĻ£ؾһʱСһЩҲݣ΢΢˵ͷ
šáЦŵ˵ͷһŹȥ
żǧɹĴһߴ󣬿ȥΡޱȡ
ãİ׹⣬Ͷκ顣
һ̧ͷţһ˵С

һӵˣ㶼˹ŵСֱһ߽ȥּ֮¶һЦݵҲ߰ɡ
㶼˵ͷв׺ǵЦ䣬ָ΢һ⻪ʱŶȥ
Ϊ˷ֹǽ֮˽ȥ
Ĵǿߣһ˹֮С
ʿһĻ³һҿ˿֮תһͨ򺣵׵Ĵ˹ȥ

âתʶָʱѾ뿪˺硣һƬʵİɫռ䵱С
ݶʱľĿ
һɫĿռ䣬žϷҲ֪жߣҲ֪жĿ֮һƬã
ǹĶһԪȻ̽һʶȻԣռ䣬ǿԶԪʶġ
֮飬ԼʶȻʸżͼ̸ȡ˳
ʶһӣݵ۾ʱ
ö
ݵԺУֳһ޴ĵͼͼ֮ϣıע͹šڵλãԺɫΪǡ
˵̱ҪżУܶеϢȻ١ӣӦǳĴλĸְ֮ɣš
յõͼͿһۡȻģȴһƬãհסѯʹ֪֮ͼҪżУֳ
һһģָҪζλأ
ȥͼҲûȫչΧɰӦҲһĿռ䡭سģѾʮ֮ңռ䣬Ǵĺܡѹ֣Ҫʮꡣݸп
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ʼɻ󡣵񿴵һĵͼ֮ȴ˹
ȻٶȲʮľ룬и·Ҳúһ²ܷżٲ㣬ֻҪмεķΧͬһСǸ·㹻Ĳٵʱˡ
ʮ꣬ʵҲþ㹻˵ִһ㡭
Ĵ󡭡
һ۵ͼ֮һʱȴǽӴ˳
л˯ҲʧȥȥȻȻƥȴһԡ
ʶ˷󷨿ռ֮С
󷨿ռ֮Уݺ
֮󡭡
ˡңŻ
ѾżУӦһ£Ĳл굽ʲôλá
żˣ⻰ʱԵö˼־񣬡ãҿ
Ƭ֮󡭡
ˡӦλãֻϡӦںĵطЩʧ
ݶԴѾһЩԤϣԵҲûʧԵ˵ͷ֮ţúϢҰɡ
šˣһСġ˵
š
ݵ˵ͷʶ˻ڡ
ĵطôӦþǸߵĲ˰ɡ
³һĿӹһ˿â
ΣѾԣֻǰ
Ҳ֪һ㵱Уʲôա
ૣһűȥ
棬ǵͼϱһڷλ

ɫռ֮зУڹɳȺϲûʲôͬ
ռ䣬ԶһƬİסĿȥʲôطԷֱ档


836 ͼ
黹ӵ̽ȫ顣ϾֻƷҵī죬ȴӵеؽױȻ֪ǵؽױҪʲôչ鲻ܴ⡣
ڿУݵȴڲͣתš
ңվһСȻһռܴ󣬵Ҳ޷Ҵ͵ģһɢĸʾʹڿԶԪ뷨ĵطݵƲԡ
ݣҴ⡣
ţ
˼ţݵȻһĿ⳯濴ȥ
һ֮ҡҡͷӿЩٶȡ
ԼĪʱ֮Ӱ˹
ˣ㶼ɫּҵˡ
һУŮϿˣǰڵǿߡ
ʮ磬ǵͼ׿ףⶼ˰ˣȥһ仯ûŮУһԲŮӣĳ˵
Ҵһνżʱ¼ġңҲû뵽һȻôڻûе¼λã㶼ûг֡ӿҲЩơ
ѵôҷɲɣԲŮĿһɣһɴô죿
⡭ɫҲЩɬֻܿˡ
㣡ԲŮ
ܿã˵ɡһŮҡҡͷĵͼֻдϣԼ峤ϲУŸĵͼȻСϾǵϹʮġĵͼڣվЩƵġһּӵеͼģҲֻʮ磬Ѿˡͱĵˡ
ŴԣԲŮӶʱֹߣƫġϣϣ峤ϣĵϵرչˡѵͲּҵӵˣȻҪǰһֵͼҪɣ
ǴˡŮȴһЦ
ôˣѵǣԲŮɻѯʡ
ȻǡǶᱦġܣ浱Ȼһ˷һݾ꾡ĵͼѰʱҲŸӵĿ١żıҲ޵ģ룬ٸˣֳĹ˶֪ͼһɾһ壬֮󡭡ǸʲôŮѯʡ
ʲôԲŮһӦ˵ǲԸ⿴Ƿģս
ˡŮӵ˵ͷһǰؾһս˶ˣȻҪǶᱦҲ˹򡭡ʮ֮󣬿ûмܹȻصġ
ִ󲿷˶ͼ㱬սҲСģսȻҪࡣʮܹ֮űȥˣҲŻࡣŮЦ˵
ԲŮӣŻȻĵ˵ͷ
Сģս򲻹һͿܡģսɾͲͬˣΪһɱŭǾǲݵľ档
仹ķսǾ͸ˡһսǾһ̨˶ȥ
ԣĴôһЭ顭ÿУֻ˴ĵͼеĵͼǸϵһβż֮еǰġĵͼ꾡ҲȻġŮӽ͵
ԭˡ㣬֪ࡣԲŮӵ˵ͷЦ
ŮݸһЦҡҡͷû˵
ˣˣߡת򣡾롭
ʱһֱû˵ӣͻȻһ𣬶˷ܵĴ˳
ŮŤͷͼΧˣ
ûܴ򣬾ȻôҵˣӹЦ
еĵͼֻ¼Լʱһ·ֻ·֮ڣǱĺɫŻ֡Ϊˡͼͼ·֮ϡ·֮⣬ɫ㶼֡
һռǴĺܣʮ룬һͷһͷǷɣ͵úü¡ܹոսżִܺܿԼͼϵ·ߣȻܲ
Щùģü֮󣬶ڵһתơ飬ҲǷġ
ԲŮӵҲ¶ϲɫߴٵ죬졣ҪӿٶȣԽȽһ㣬Խлúñﰡ
ԣߣ
Ҳͷ
˱ǼӿٶȣŶ򣬼ɶȥ

ݵͼĺˡżĴڣҲֻʮݣ
ݴʱѾɳ˰֮ңʶͨļӳ֮ȴһֱڿּҵĵӡ
Ʒʮ֮ұԴ̽⹦ܡͺñǼǿʶݵʶ̽Χһǧ
һǧڣеһжӲĶĿ
ټ¿ǿʶʮ
ʮҲ͵˵ʶΣһӾˡڡĳ̶ȡּ˶ֻǰڵΪȻ׵ĸӦǣǵ̸ۡ
ԣ֪Լݵͼ
һҲǣϾԼĸףɾһǿߡ䲻ûԼ꾡ĵͼͷʮڣӦûҪġ
Ȼ֪ʵݵͼ֮˵ĵͼҪϸ࣡˵һĵͼǻġ˵ڶʮ֮󡭡ݵĵͼϿܻ󡣶õڵĵͼϣ¾ֻʣһˡ
仰˵ݿѡѣ̵·ߡǣֻһѡ񡭡ȫ
ΨһעĴԶĻҲƨƨߵܹȥпֻҪһ򣬾ܺܿҵһ󡭡
ϾͷҪģȻĥӲݵҪ˵ĵͼǿԼĵͼȻǲĸ˵ġϾҪЩ˰Ǽ©ٶȵִһ㡣
ȻЩʱǲ֪ġˣҲᵽͼ֮
ͺڣͷ֣̽һǧﷶΧڣʮˡĴ˶СǴͬͷӬһֱײʮˣȫ봫ű۵ķ˳ȥ
Ȼûеͼߵͼܲ꾡Щˡ
뵽ԼĿȷռдλޱȡ
ָо
ݸп
п䡭
ৣ
ȻһƷ֮ݶը죬ݶʱһͷһá
ݣ
һķ磬ԣһ
ͷ
ţ
󣬰ӰҲûС
ǡ
ɻˡ
漴ͷһŤͷһ
ֻƵ磬ǰԶͣȻɢɶһǳķ
üһ壬漴ȻѪâһ
飡
һ죬΢΢һֱӻ֮ϣɢȥ


837 żеΣ
⣬ѵǵһΣգ
üƬ֮ɫЩ
һ൱һƷǿ߲ʹȫһ
ӵѪ˵Ȼ㲻ʲôվŲҲ˲ֺɫصԭǡ
⻹ֻǵһ㰡
һ㡭Ĺ൱һǿߵȫһˡǺ桭
ݵҲ
֪żΣգȴû뵽ȻΣգ
ԽϣΣվͿ϶Խǿҡżһٲ㡭
һٲ֮
ΣգѾ
ݽü֮ȴֻ³һҪ֪
ҡҡͷĿӹһ˿㣬űĴȥ

ݣ
һϸ΢ƿ֮ڿеһŤͷһ
ֻһɫ⻪ԶߣҲ֪ʲôطͻȻ
һʱһѪâ̼䣬ǽǲɫ⻪ס׾ٵֽ֮ץס
һ߲ʹ򣬳ݵС
΢һֻ࣡һ죬Ȼ󣬲ɫâһʢԭƴСĹ򣬶ʱƬ֮һɫϸС
Ʒıݿһ֮΢΢ҡҡͷֽ֮ӿжȥ
ⳤ䵽֮󣬽Ƭ̣һ׹Ȼ֮סȻ˽׿ռ֮ڡʧ١
ʮ˸Ѿʱĵʮ˸ˡЩǵͶ˵ĺܡ
εҡҡͷ
룬ǲݵķٶȣҪϹȥҲġ
ʱݷ߲ʹ
Ҳ֪Ǵʲôطģֵĺ޹ɡڸۿɼ߶ɼķΧ֮ڣʶ޴ӷǡ
һη֣һݵĶ߷˹ʶֵһ֮ŷеĹϡ
һƷݶԣƷʵЩ̫ˡŵ˼ҲûУֱӾͶˡ
֮ݾͷ֣ⱦֻҪһͬǰɫĵ棬Ƭ֮󣬾ͻð׹⣬Ȼɽȥ
˼һ
ڶʱݽƷֱˡȻ󣬽֮˵֮ϡ˺ܾãǰɫâҲûٳ֣ȻİǸط
ֽ֮˵ϡƬ̣׹ֳ֣ﱻɡ
ݺӴȡһؾıû˵ϡ׹ˡ
Դˣݱ֪İ׹⣬֮ңֻżռƷı
⣬ȻݶżԽĺ
żҲһ㣬Ҳ벻ʲôҲͲ⡣
һıĿǰģҲƷˡһܹﵽƷɼżıй˵ġݰš
Ʒڵ˵Ȼ㲻ʲôǶµ˵Ǿǲɺӵıˡ
żһٲ㣬һֵıʹﵽƷ󣬺ıһ־ˡ
һҵҪӿһЩٶˡ
š
żǾˣȻҪĿΪ˷л꣬лõΪǿıȻҲŹֻᡣ
ҷҲ˵лϢڸȻвǶܵõõıʵҲһ͸аճߵĲˡ
ţȻĿһɨڶϱһǧĵطмˣ˹ʶһ֮ҡҡͷ
Ǽ巽ˡ
Ҳٹעһƿնȥ

֮һ޴Ρ룬ߴɵĹţݵǰ
㵽ˡ
ݵ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ҳ֪һ㣬ʲôӣ
Щ档
޴ŵΧûκˣԲһǧ֮ڣвˣһʮˡ
ƺû׼ŵķֻŹŵȷˡʣµģ·š
ٶȸеһ˵Խ֮΢΢һЦһֱӱ˹֮С
ӰӣֻԼԴ΢һΡţǻָһ
һƬޱȵĿռ䣡
ҿһ֮󣬽ʶ˵ͼ֮С
ڶĿռ䣬ƺһռ󡣲λãƺıˡ
ݿŴ󡭡
ڶ㣬һλãһ㣬˲Сı仯˵ԯޡ
Ĵ󣬾Ȼֻǧ۾һǸ˹ȥ
һ֮˵ڶĴǰ
ڶΣԼƺһ൱
һʱȻҲ˼߲ʹͬҲ˼ͻķĹȻڶһΣճ̶ȣ൱ġ
һҲԵķ֣ԼܱһǧﷶΧڵ˱ࡣһҲͷ˶ʮˡ
ͼãѾֳˡ
Ҳ֪᲻ʲô仯
ݺţһ̤롣
Ȼ뵽˵㡣
ȻһƬãİɫռ䣬һ޶µģȻλãٶȱ任ˡ
ôĴ󣬾ȻҲʮЩεš漴һ˳ȥ

ʱȻšݣҲʼżеǰС
ͷ㣬һƽһĽ׿ռ䣬һľ޴ޱȡݵҲʱʱеʱΪ󣬵еʱҲĺԶ
ǵִ㣬ķµĹ⾰
γƷı߼ģҲһƷˡݶԣȻҲá
ֵΣգַ硣
ܣڵʱ򣬶ûκεı仯㵽ʮ㣬ķµʱ䣬Ŵ
ӵռѾȫһģǿհ׵İɫռ䣬ǱһƬĮΣҲƾճֵķ磬ǲ֪ʲôʱͻƾȼյ̫
ռ䣬ͬĻĮ֮߹ҡȻԲ񣬾ͻһ˿̫ӿƮ¡ܣȴѾ൱ڵȫһΪǻгȼյԡԱ֮磬ҪӵһЩ
ȻӵѪ˵Ȼ㲻ʲôµʱ䣬ȻĴ˵ʮ㡣˵ʮʱ̫ܣȻǿһĳ̶ȡ
΢һ
㵽ʮıƷʣԺࡣȻĿǰΪֹδƷıĹ򣬴ƷԼΪٵƷıˡ
ʮһ㣬ǽһɭ硣
̸ڵĸƵĹľҲ磬ݵһ
ޡƷڵޣ


838 ʮ
Ϸɵģܵģˮεġָޣڵʮһռ߲Ϣ
Ʒڣ൱ǿߡ˴ʱݴƲ⡭Ӧÿʮ㣬ΣյܾСΡ
Ļȵ˵ڶʮʱΣܣܹﵽڵĳ̶ˡ
ͼ֮ϣҲ֮֡⣬һطһķš
һ֮󣬻˹ȥȻһɽȡɽڣһص޺ǡв°ֻޣʳһЩʬ
ɽȵĻһ̨̨ȥȻͣΪɽеޣǡý֮ΧһȦӡ
һĻݾͲƲһʬ壬Ӧþһִġͼǵ˼ҲֻϡƲ⡭
Ӧþָռ䵱ΣգпּܳƷ˼ż߲ʹ֮⣬һַųķʽ
ǵģǷų
ߵ̶ֳȣԽľãżƺǿűȻĿĺڣǴʲôطõô߻͵ıָоһһ룬ȴԽ
˵ʮһ㣬ݣҲòСȻѪǿǡЩƷޣҲǳصġͶ÷򣬸츳ͨǱסҲܡ
Ψһֵҵǣޣûǻ۵ġ
뵽Ҳ΢΢һЩĬ
ǻۡ
żߵߵĲΣĻЩɣ
ݰšѾߵһˣȴòǰ

ӵʮһ㵽ʮ㣬ݵ㲻ֻ£ߵˡ
еʱҲҪÿһνһΣ͵ġеʱ򣬴;뱾εĴǳȻáеʱȽԶǾͺܱˡ
żÿһĿռ䶼ǼΪҲʮ￪⡣һУҪܸΣաٶȻ첻ˡ
ʮһ㵽ʮ֮䣬ƷѾԽĺֵģƷƷıˡ
ĳָʣҲԱһҲֻٶҲԽԽ졣еѪٶȷ棬żơʱҲ¡

һһߣΣԽԽǿңԽԽáһݼΪ꾡ĵͼ⣬ǰܶæ
ݲͣǰеʱĴˣͬҲڲͣĸ·
ǵоһӵеĵͼǲģһνżĵͼõģܹͬһռּˣܿҵͼϵ·ȻǰһΡЩõģԯ޵ĺֱײšеãײĴ󡣶ЩģֱӾͱĳһռ䵱Уþòǰ
Щ˱ϾҲֻһְˡͬһӵнΪƵĵͼٶȲЩõģݶҪһߡ
ͺʮһռ䵱ǸǵĵطԾȥݻҪ졣
ҲԶԣǾǿߡֻΪʮ֮£ƷﶼûСǿֻһ·߲ߣʮһֵط˷ʱġ
ʱٿǹȥ࡭

ʮռ䵱С
һƬãı硣
һױ綼߷֮ϣγһ׵бŵı׶¶֮͡
һХĺ紵ݣҲ̲סһתѪ£ԡһѪɫ
¶ȡǵ͵ˡ
ݣȥǰûжٱ仯˵УԼҲǶ˼ֳ
ò˵żõ֮ء˶ʮ֮󡭡ΣѾܹɺܴвˡ
ǿߵȫһѪҲҪˡ
ЩɵǡѩΣһ硣ַ磬ޱȣ̹ǣڶ궼ɼ˺
ҪڣֻݹǱɨһ£͵ѣܵش
Ͼ˺Ҳǵһ깥طİǿߵһʶݵ˺Ȼ
ǰû֪˴ʱݲ֪ϣôֲΣ
а˰ͿԵִˡҲ֪һǲҪ˽ȵˡ
³һһ
ͼ֮ϣǰ˰ﴦһǵĵط
֮ǰĲΣݶȥ־ĵطһ£գ˱һź
һΣӶʮ㵽Ķʮ㣬ȴáֻһ²ʱ䣬㡣ţԼӦѾߵ֮ǰЩ˵ǰˡ
һΣҪȥЩ־֮أǸô¡
˵ʮ£ûƷʮ֮пܳƷǵؽױҲ֪ҵĲ²⾿ǲȷġ
ţڲɣһֱӷ˹ȥ
еУҲʱʱ̿עŵġ
Ȼ黤壬粻Ҫɨһ£ȴҲǾԵĲȻҴ⡣

ĸ磬ʮԺͼϾûбıˡô죿
ھһǧĺ󷽣Ͽգʱһڷšϵװҵˡ
ĳīһȣҳϡΪҲ㶼ǰϡīֱˣǾڵǿߡ
һҵݵͼһڴһӡһݣīֵС
īԵȻǽΪѰ©֮㡣ǲںʮϣбǵĵطһǰѾǿ߹˹ˣκαֻҪŴ͵ȥһ·עһûʲô©֮㣬Ҳˡ
īԵ©֮㣬Ȼָ
ʮϣƷＸѾȫƷϵıҲʮµʱһ컹˴ʱȴǺܶʱһҲ
ҲǣƷϱﱾͺżȻؾˣϾôķΧܲҲǿʵġ
˵Ҳǡ˵İꡰī΢΢˵ͷ
ʮԺıȻҲǹ򣬵δȴԶЩοԱģ˹пܻȳ塯īģī䣬ǵһνעһ¡Щ塯ǿЩӵвҶпܳԴҪˡīֿˡ
ԣЩŵĵͷǣ
ī΢΢˵ͷ˵ǰжȥ


839 ֹ
ٶȲ죬ϾīԣǵĿǼ©ҲǰʮһżŸ·Ͼռÿһ㣬Σһ֡õıҪȫϽ桭ǵĻԶƵеĶᱦһǿҡ͵͵Ҳν
ԼĪʱ֮󡭡
ݣ
Ȼһƿ֮ڼ˵Ķ𡣼Ťͷһֻһ߲ʹǰʮķȻɶٶȿ쵽˼¡
ī۾⣬ʱ󺰳
׷ȥ
īҲ۾һк漴ȴһ㱬˳ȥ
༸ˣϡ
ⷽ򡭡ǰķ򡭡

ʱ֮
Ȼһ
֮ϣ·ı
·һ޴ԲαԲαܣƮ磬ХͣסԲαǵİ档
һӵмΣյĵطһ㹻һˡ˵ص磬ȴֹͣҪȥֻ¾ͷǵĿšӲֿܡ
ȻֻƷȴľˡǿߵĹҲܿ¡ݵԪʶ֮ǿߵĹҲܿʮ¡磬κá
ʱݵĿ⣬ȴ͸Щ磬Բαλã˼
ģһ̨̨εеÿһǵĸ̨һģһֻǣ̨֮ϣҲǿհһƬ
ҵٶӦѾˣӦò˱Ҹǡǡ
뵽һȴ̾һ
ˣ˵ȥĴ֮ˣ˵أǼ©ġȻ˱ǣôɼǿҲ֪ġǿߵٶȻҪҿĶࡣʮϵĿռ䣬пֵܳؽױر˵ĵطǿȻŹӣԺǵĵطûбҪȥˡ
Щź֪ǣΪֹȴҲûκһǵԭģͷĲ²ȻпܾʵҲֻǲ²ˡ
ˣǰɡҵĿ겻Ǽ©Ǽ񵽸ѰҷлꡣûҪڶʮתơ
аţһΣҪ뿪
ţ
ȻʱĶȴȻһ٣͵ŤͷԼķȥ
ʶӦУһǧ⣬Ӱٿţ
ҵˣ
üͷʱһ塣
ҡţ漴ȴȻһ䣺ԣˡֻΪ̫ߣʶӳ֮ĳ̶ȣԸ޴ӸӦԭˡĳīô
ţǱͻȻ˵ˣ¶˻Ȼ֮ɫ
ҵһЩҲ֪ͨһ֡ĳī֣ݾ֪Ǿڵǿߡ
ڣȻ̽⵽ġҲܡֻʾˡ
Ȼݲ֪ʵĸˡֻīڣ˵˵ΪݵĸӦ̶ȡԶ޷̽⵽ѡ
ǹʲôѵӦˣüͷһ壬š
ǷīӵһƷƺҲǷܹЩ˵ĸӦݻ治ҴƱ
ǲݵĳޣԷطϳɱҲӦ顣
뵽ݵüͷ΢塣
ԶԪʶݵƲ󡣶ӵǿߣī֣ǾڵĴڡʵѹˡ
֮ȴһ
Ҫ鷳ѵҾˣպãôãûԽƽ֡Σԡ򲻹Ҳסǡ
Ŀӹһ˿â
ûаֳɣֱӱһΣӹ·ĸ̨ɳԼĪʮ֮һƽıȥ
һ󺮷ݲһ
¶ȣǵ͡
ҡҡͷһ߱ȽϺõĵطָһţʱһֱӳͣ档濴ȴҲ˿
Ƶס˺磬һָֻͣ任һ֣ͣûܵĿռ֮С
ȻҪ֣ȻҪȫ׼ԷΪȫѹΨһ̾ǽƣȻܴ⡣
Сӡǳ󷨵ҲûС
ţȴǿٲ
ΪСӡʩչƵٶȼ졣Ƭ֮ռ䶼һ漴ָƽӿ¿ʲôҲ
ݣҲ³һ̧ͷʶעǱҵˡ
ȻƬ֮ݵĿȻ΢΢һ¶˼ɻ
ţЩˣ
עƬ֮ݺȻ֣ЩڷУЩϸ΢ȵı򡭡Ȼ·ûд󣬿ǿȥ񲢷ġ
ЩɻˡȻ˽ƣΪ˷ֹݾߣԽƲ书ܡҲ˵ԷղǱĻӦҲܲĵǡ
ǡ
Ǻ׷ʲô
ݹ۲Ƭ֮󣬺Ȼͷһ
ѵ׷ĳ
߲ʹ١ɶʮ֮Ҳû
Ƕʮ߲ʹٶȣѾǳĿˡҲ÷Ѿţ֮ץס
仹Ҫ
Щ߲ʹƾճֵġڳֵһ˲䣬ͻἲɳȥʱǵٶġڷһʱ֮ٶȴһּޣͻʧ
֣⻨ʱ䣬ʮ߲ʱ򣬽һ֮óĽۡ
˵ҪһոճֵĹôе׷ˡǼʧĹ򡭡Ǿͼࡣ
ķй켣ҲǵһֱߣʱͻȻ΢ġһ㲻̫
ܲ˵֮ϡ
ȻǱݵ۾ЩˣҪ֪ʮԺǿֵܳؽױģ
ȥ
ͷһҲסˣаһ֮ݴȥ
ֻվԭصĽƲδӦһ֮һ˳ȥ

汳ⶫȻǸճٶȾȻô죡
а˾Űĵط֮˻׷šīЩε˵
ճֵʱٶ죬һʱ֮Ż飬ȻҲ֪ġ
ʮĹȻͬ죬ĳҲץסīĿǰԼٶȷеĹȴǸп
ȷܿ졭ԱߵīҲ˵ͷ
ˣ˵ΪģٶȻҲѾԶԶ׿˽ľ롣Ҫϴ໥ӦķģԸӦǰīֵλãֻ¶Ѿ֪ʲôȥˡ


840 ػ
ӦҪ˶ãǹٶȾҪ˰ɣ֪ܳʲôıīЩڴ
һҪûСػ塯ûУҲƷˡػ塯ҲƷϣī·żĺܣֱӿ˵
磬ǡػ塯ʲôĳϵӣīЩѯ
ǡػ塯ʲôҲ̫ȷī΢΢üͷ˵֮ǰʮ߲λãһڳһͷػ塯ʱĴǿԲǿ߶ܱߣһսӵеؽױּҴƣҲǱǡػ塯شȻ֮ջǽػɱһҲǱĺܡʱֵıǵؽƷı
ؽƷ
ԲǿߣȻǱ
īī䶼ǵɴ۾ػ壬жǿ
ǵؽƷﱻ˭ȥˣī׷ʡ
ī¶˼ֹŹ֮ɫ˭ҲûСһս˭Ҳҷˡڡػ塯ɱʱǵؽƷ䵽˵ϡһأͱżˡ


īī˶ʱɵۡ
һսòݽػɱּҴ϶ˡ֣Ȼ
ּҴϡǶҪѪ˰ɣīεҡͷ
˭˵أؽƷﰡǶʮʮ㵱Уǿ֮ˣƷ׵ıˡīҲǸп
īīҡҡͷӣҲֻҪֹ򣬾пܶñﰡ
裡
Ȼڴʱһصţ֮ȻǰԼĴ˹
ˣŤͷһī۾ȻһϲţУʮռûбǡػ塯
ػ壿
ػ壿
īīҲ۾һ
ػ壬˵Ʒϵı죬죡ǿȥæػ壬еǷǳǿģ
īʱߴ١īīͬҲǼΪͷٶȣʱ˲٣ֱӳǰȥ

ػ壿ţУƷϱ
һֱڹ۲˵ݣ۾Ҳʱʶɨ
ϧػ壬δʶС
ˣȹȥ˵ϣػҪô챻ɱ
ǻľ룬ȥҲҪ̵ʱ䡣ǿߵӹɣҲżһԷȱɱˣ¾Ҫ˵ˡ
ݣ
Ѫâݵٶȣٶ˼֣

ǰĸ߿֮Уž˵һĻ
裡
ţ֮춯ءīҳϵϣ˷֮ɫǰ
ǰһҵĵط߲ʹѾʧȡ֮ģȴһͷɵţͷĹ
ţͷ³˻ɫëƤһţ롣ͷ֮ϣǣףź⣬ͬȻ䵶۾аǰ޴ȫһƬڣ޴ıǿ׵İһӿףŽɢ֫׳˶׳ƥǿ֪ţͷֵľˣ
ڴ˹ֵԣһ߲ϼ⣬ȴһ󡭡󲻹ƴСȴһ˵һ֪ǷƷ
īīע⿴Ǳɱػ壬޷ȡõбġһػܵڵһʱ֮桭һ棬żձԣһｫȥˡ𣿡
īЩû뵽ԼȻôãڶʮĵһ򣬾ȻֱӾػ壡ȻھԶ޷жĳ󾿾ʲôıֻһƷҲˣ
īҲڻǿĵʱ򡭡֮ǰʮ߲飬ͬҲ֪ɲܷͬĴˡ
ף׷ī鼤˵
İĸ磡īҲͷҲһƬ
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Ƶط򣬿ǷǳԪġȻǶǰǿߣָǿȵģҲͬˡ
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ʱ䣬ǹâƣ˲ٶ֮죬磡
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ȻˣƷΧǻûü˵ʱ򣬾ѾƸס
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ЩѣǴĺɫռ䵱Уġ
ƣѵסң
īֶʱ˳ֻɫâȻɢǿߵԪ֮ȫӭЩȥ

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ؾУӡ޷Ԫ뷨ԿȥʵȴΪһΪȫԪͷ֮ϡ壬ĵط
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ҵҪֶܼá۵У뵽漴ָһʱ˽ơ
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845 ؽ
󷨣ַơһ֣Ȼֶ߳ΡȻǴ󲿷˶ԸѡķҲʡһַ
ɻһַǿޱǿֱӸ󷨵С㹻ǿ󣬾ܹ󷨡Ҳνġ󡱡
ؾ󷨽˾ֶġΪ޷Ԫ뷨Ȼ޵ĺܣַؾʮֵĹá
ǣܹԪ뷨ģǿߵǿƥǿȻҪķѴȴҲ
һīԽԽֲĲݾ֪һܹƳ
ϧڵ軹Щ̫ǳʱҲ㡣ӡҲֻ㹻󷨵ġǿĽƣǿҲؾӴһ㡣ǿߣʲôЩΡ
Ծֲ̫ڣֲ󷨣Ҳδڸӡɾİ˲֪ԶҲȫ߱޳󷨵ͬʱѾڵļ¡ȻдؾõĴϣ㹻󡣵ʱϣҲִ̫ˡ
⡰ֽħ󡱣ȻֲҪסϣлһڵǿߣȷЩˡ
󷨹Ȼ֮Լֱ棬һ͵ñΡԷסпֱӾҪɱƾ󷨣ȴܹסˣīֲòǿĹҲ㲻ˡֻҪԺҵٶߣӡǿһЩǿߣҲ㲻ʲô
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һξɣⱦҲ㲻ˣͲˡ
ݵͷ󷨵ϢԽԽֲī֣⡣
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ѷɳǧݣڵڶ󷨱Ƶ˲䣬˸ӦЦĻعͷһۡ
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ˣͬӡһ޲ɱҰɣаšȻ⡣
ûһζᱦҵˣҲŹԼȻˣֺαԷ
뵽ҡҡͷ漴ĿһһΣ·ȥ
ѰһȻ͵ı֮Уҿ˿֮ȴ˼һֱӳһָһ
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ǹâȻֱӱ˶֮Уݵü֮С
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ٶȣȴԶݱˡԣҲīֵ˷֡㷢ˣҲ׷֮ϵġ
һţʱһƳͣХ磬̼㱻ֵס
Ҳ֪Ǹʲôı
ڽƵУȴǺĽһζõıȡ˳
֮ǰһ֣ͱīֵ׷ɱһҪٷУһҪʱ̹עԲ磬һ֣δĿһۣͽ˴УȻҲ֪Ƿ󾿾ʲôı
ȻϹţΪػҲ򵥡
ϹţϹ嵱Ȼ㲻ʲô츳ӡڲ֪£ȴԲǿ߶ɱ𣬿ֲǳ
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ԣ
ؽϱġ顱ԣ
ããû뵽һ͵õһؽױ
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ī֪ǵؽױ֪᲻ѪݺЦš
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ؽױҲ֪жܡ
ţʶһ㱣漴󷨿ռ֮С

󷨿ռ伫ΪӴȻƷﲻͬǡռ䣬һʼһƬڰһƬ
Ƶڿռ䵱Уʱһ̧ͷԶ
˭
һƵĵͳȻԿռڲݡԶ˿ʲô֡
ؽױ㶼ӵ顣


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ϷţϣȴʱӿһŨɱ¶֮ɫС࣬ȻҲϷȴʮ꣬ȵľǽգҪ꣬壡ӴԺ󣬳
ŶһȴЦһ
ؽױ飬˹֪ġͬҲҪշؽϱȾҪ顣򣬱ݡ
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ԣţɱȻһ仰ݿȴǷЦ
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ɶ࣬ҪʲôſңſңţŤ·ҲԤʲô
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֪Ϊѱȫ룬ԣȻ˲ȫʧ
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ȻҪշҲǲԣֻҪԷСһ̶ֳȣټңҲܹǿн֮ѹϴԡƪУַ
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΢΢˵ͷ
Ѱҷл꣬һȻΪлһָܻһ棬ʵҲΪݼ䡣ҷļǱָˣǱӡˡԣõл꣬ʲôֻʲô벻ģҲԲ
ҹͷĿǰֳĶļ䣬κ˵һء
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˼ֻ֮ҡҡͷˣһһɡЩ²⡭˵ɡ
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һҲԿһռ񷣡жǿˡʱְܼ꣬һռ񷣡֮ʱֻټֶʮˡ
һؽƷ顭Ҵ黹Ǽǿ飬Ҳָֻʮ
Ҳ˵һռ񷣣ֱӾĵؽƷ顭ֲ
ϧؽױ鱻ˣòˡݸп˵
ҵĻ̫Щǿһ㣬ҲͲˡȫԷֳһֵĻеģΪ顣˵
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ݵ˵ͷҲٶ˵ʲôջ̧ͷȥ
ȻƮŶëѩХʶУǧ֮ڣû̡
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ؽױܹ÷ָһľҪҵĵؽױ
ʮ㣬ĵһǵؽƷݺԼáԺ󣬲ûôõҪõĵؽױֻȥ
뵽û˿ɣƣһƿնȥ


848 ǰ
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ȺڸһӴ֮ڡ
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ӣҲһͼīٶüૣ˭أ
ֳֵǱɳͼҲǱɳġīַ
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Ǽпǵؽױīü˵
ؽױΣīЦһһãȽػ塯ɱ֮ųֶȥ˱ʵϣƾԺ˵ؽױΣ
ػɲǺġΪվҲڰˣûɱػ塣ʱǼҲҪɳˡīЦ
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ǳߣһξǱƸסˡ˵£īϾ¶ŭ֮ɫһɱ֮󣬾ȻһƳһɱ󣬵һֱʱ֮󣬲ŽֲԣٶǿƳһ󡣿ݣȴѾӵûӰˡ
ô֪ʲôط߲ʹ򣿽ƱϾֻѵ˲Ϣ㲼óһɣīȴҡҡͷ˵
īҲֻܵ˵ͷ
ٶȼӿһ㣬ˣѾвٳʮ㣬бɳȺλѾˡ
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ʲô취潫еؽױﶼˣҲȫᰡ
뵽εҡҡͷֵˣûʲô£ȥɡ
īҲֻεĵ˵ͷ˳˵
īĿͶԷ뿪૵ݣߡ
һ۾

ʱȻšһ֮뿪˶ʮ㣬뵽ڶʮ߲㡣
һµʱȻҲʮ߲ʹ򣬿ػȴҲûֹõıҲȫƷıƷĶ
Ȼǲ̫һЩһһؽƷı
ʮ߲ʮ൱ҲǱ硣ֵƵʣȴǱȵڶʮҪܼϲ١һ㣬֪
ȻÿζͬĿռ䣬ͬΣǲԽߣΣֵƵҲԽ졣統ڵʱڹķ磬ÿһһΡƵʮ־ˡ
ʮ߲ΣȻǰڵ磬Ƶʱ֮ڶʮ㣬ҪһҡҲ棬Ҳܡ
ͼȻǵĵط˶ʮľ飬Ҳ֪طıѾǿ߹˹ˣûҪȥˡ
һôãĴ󣬾ȻҲжʮ֮ңֻÿЦ
ÿһĿռ䶼޴õĲǧãڣʮǷУ͵úȥһµʱ䡣
ʱȻţݼŸߵĲζȥ

תۼ䣬һȥ
ʮһ㡣
ȵĻ棬鲼ռ䡣һѵĿӣӵУȫǹ̵ҽŨҵḷ́ռ䡣

Ȼ·ҽ֮Уһͷҽг˳
ʮɣȫʯɣû۾ͱӣһѣ鲼ȫһƵУ͸¶źɫĻ⡣
һţȻӻһƬ𺣣ȻֱͣӳſһӰȥ
ʮһ㣡ĹѾﵽ˰ڵĳ̶ȣ
ҽﲻƵе飬Ͷ֮䣬ʹ֮
鷳
һӰҡҡͷѪâһ֣ʱ仮աٶ֮죬Զʯ

ʯӿҽһУзŹֵڿмת
Ȼת֮ǵѪâѾʧ

ʯŹֵĽţƺҲĿˡڿƬ̣Ȼһͷ·ҽ֮С
ʮǼ˱ʮϣȴȡŹֵĿռ䡣
УһӰ֮ϣȴżΡ
ݡ
ʮһѾüʱ䣬һ󣬻ľ롣
ռ¶ȸߵĿֲݣҲʱʱ̿Ѫػȫпܱˡ
ȻѪָˣʹڡݿɲŰȻʱʱ̶̿һʹࡣ
ռ䣬ͬһɽڲһ㣬ձɫŨڱγһƬ谵ʱʱӿҽһЩʯʱʱĳ·߷
Щʯҽ֮Уˣ֮ǿᣬĻ棬ƷﶼпֱܱڻҴ򶼴ǽɷ飬ҽ֮Ƭָֻ̱ʵԽݸɴǾֱ뿪
һ棬Ĺﵽ˰ڵĳ̶ȣѾɼв֮ҲСһ桭Ҳûʲôô
ЩʯȻǿ󣬵ȥ·ûʲôǻۣٶȱ֮Ҫϲ٣뿪ûʲô⡣
ֻʵ̫ˣֱͬһΪѡ
ϲֵطɣš
ϹŻռĻȻǿϹŻҲǲĲһİǡ
ʮ£ĳʻй͵ġйȫƷһƷıﶼûɼʣĺܵ͡ݸп֪ˣڶʮʱܵõһؽƷıˡ
ʮһ㣬ôˣҾȻһ򶼻ûпɼԽߣֹĸҲԽ͡
ݺѾȥˣǿߵٶȣֻѾʮϡĲһʼĳ౦ҲѾĴǿ߸ɨȥ©֮㣬Ȼ١
ˣǰɡ
ҡҡͷͷЩƵļ·

ΣȻݵսʱȴͻơǣǰȴֲСбȥɡȻЩѹ֡
ѹҲûãüü

ʱ䣬Ȼš
֮
ʮ㡣
һҽռ䡣

ʯҽڳֱӳſӰ˹


849 ߲ϼ

𺣣ʯĻּӿأһƬ񱩡
ߣ
һߣؼ䷨Ȼ䡣˵УһӰȻһʯ֮󣬱ֱ΢΢һѹ
ʱһ޴ޱȵˮɫƣȻƾճ֣£ݺݵʯͷϡ
ͣ
һ̶Ũĺðʯǻһ漴ʱһƬƬʯصҽ֮Сδ͵ĹҲʱ߽⡣

ϣⱦ̫ǿˡ
ǿߣһпޣдż֮ɫŶһˡ
Ϊϡģһʻİꡭּҵϡ
˵Ŀޣȴû¶ʲô֮ɫżֳƵı飬ɬʲôã࣬ҲʹҶѡ
ԱһҲεͷ˵
ǵͷһԼϵտɫףеĿɬƸ
һֻɫİָףҲ֪ʲôɣԵüΪȻȴһģȥǸأԣ֮ϴ
ǵؽױ
ղһƣȻԼʵȻҲѾﵽ˰Բĳ̶ȣʮʯҲǰڵȻʤҲס
ǣףȴֱּܻһƽ֮飬޷ٻָɼ׵
ȴһҲ˷ܣֻΪ뿪ռ֮ⱦ͵Ͻɡ
һ·õıﲻ١ȻؽױȴֻôһڵڶʮŲʱõġػ壬һͷ޴ͷ
ＫΪǿǵʱˣȫǰϵǿߣȻǺķ˾ţ֮ʱŽ֮ɱ
ܹųһֹⲨǹⲨֲһǿߣֻǽӴһ£ֱӱ궼˲䱻롭ֲ쳣
ǹⲨƺʱֻͷһΣȻĥˡŴ߲ʹУõôһ
õ˵ؽױȻβãּϣطƮҲе˼Ϊĳ̶ȣҪһ黹򵥣
ǣͷһͷɵ֮Ϸˡ
żУʱշؽױּеϾҲǼǿġһǿҪշ飬ͲǶʱܹġҪʱһȥĥ飬һЩƢԼ飬ʮϰҲϷطٶȿ죿
ԣ飬Ϳʹˡ
Եõ֮ʱʱ̿ʹãѾõĺ˳ˡͨⱦܹԲǿ߿ĵز
Ƕ
ԽˣÿÿʹãԽζ
ֻΪֻҪ뿪żͱҪⱦｻԼ桭ⱦҲֻʹżеļˡ
ֺñĲԸ׽ȥ
ϧ¶ɲⱦǿܹԲǿ߿⡭ǿ߿ɱȾԲǿҪǿĶࡣңҲûзּǽ
ֿһϵףվ̾һҡҡͷǰɡ
ã
ǣ
˶ʱ
ϣǺĳϣȻǵλҪߡ
˼ǰ

䣡
ʯһһҵײ֮󣬶ʱҽ֮Уҽʱ˻
֮ײģðɫâһں꣬ȴǵ˺ԶϣѪģʹ쳣
ڴʱһĨȻâȻ˰档˲Ϣ֮âʧˣҲˬٶȳˡ
лӡϣ
Զռһ
ӡɫѿڿУüͷ塣΢΢˵ͷȴǲ֮ɫ
ռ䡭˷갡
ӡľռȴǻ𡭡ñѹƵġһЩԵĹЩʯ˺ۿۡ
ǲˬҲûа취˭ԼԱ˵أ
ˣսҲ֡ȻǾǿߣЩʯҲǰȻѹǣǲ࣬ԶԶǿࡣ֮£ӡЩʵû̫ơ
߻һˮԵİڳϡĿǰΪá
ɶЩһΪҲҵĵϵ𣿾ȻԸīҲң
ӡɫѿĺܡ
߳īˣĿǰīҵλΣΪĸȻλҲΡȻīһЩ׼Ҳ˼ĸһεжСκΣīʵ̫һЩ³֮⣬ûʲôϵ̨ˡ
ҲţһҪȽīȥΪĸȻҲܵżһ·һʼ˸󡭡ΪǿߵĵͼԽԽ룬ҪȻΪΪٽһҪȻǷ׷·Ͷȥˡڣӡͼ˹¼ҹˡ
ߵİڳϡīҡҲΨһһߵڵˡҲīŵĸУǿһˡ
еؽױ˵żеؽױܶ࣬ΪʲôҾһҲû
ӡܲã⼸Ĺǲ٣ҲƷı˵ؽסûп
ݣòҪ򡭡
ӡľ뵽ݣҧгݡ
Ȼǣ־ףݣ
ӡϣǣǰˣһԵīһֱӡ任һŭһҧгݣͷɻĺܣ֪ʲô
ȻƬ̣ȴҲԷ˵ɳɵĿ˵
ӡԻعһѹסͷŭ΢΢ͷǼǰ
䣡
ӡĻδأȻ֮䣬һ޴ĺȻ֮ͻȻը졣ī㶼ͬʱһŤͷȥ
ֻڼΪңԶߣ͸谵ޱȵգȻһĨ߲ʹ⻪
һƬ⻪·һƬ߲ʹһ㣬նˡ
ǡҵ߲ʹ򣬲ˡػ塯īҴ͵Ŀһ֮ͻȻ˷󺰵֮߳ǰ˵ʮԺ󣬳֡ػ塯ͻŪ˾춯صƵģ
ӡ۾Ҳʱ
ػ壿ǲ˵пӵеؽױ
ߣ
ӡҲסʱ˵
īҲɣһ˶ʱ߲ʹϼķȥ

߲ʹϼ
ػף
˴߲ʹ򣬲ųػ壡
ǧ֮⣬ּˣҲʱ춯
ǵؽױ𣿿죬ȥ
Ҳʱ¶˾ϲɫ
Ӱ˳ȥ


850 ӡ

ǰߴǧɵʯͬҽܶһľ޿·ռҽðʯķŴ棬һ߲ʹϼУзȴ޷ı߲ʹϼѳ
ðѪɫâʮ⣬üǰӴ󣬲̧ͷ˿СһƬ߲ʹϼƲʡ
⶯̫˰ɣͷš
Ŀ⿴ӴʯԴԱߵС߲ʹ򡭡Ŀ߲ʹڱΣҲ޷͸еʲô
ʲôʶ𣿡ѯšӴʯ֮һֱIĻϯȵ¶ȣֱӷѪ壬Ҳеִʹ˸С
ҲûԺ𡣡˼Ȼ˵һػϹ壬ֻҲϹǡ
Ϲܶ࣬ҲʯˣȻʶϹĿԲС
ݵüͷ㿴жǿ
Ƭ֮žڵڵĳ̶ȡ
ݶʱһڵڵĳ̶ȣ
ǵʮ㣡ֵػȻѾоڵڵĳ̶
ܶԸ𣿡ѯʡ
ʱ䲼ͿԡҪڵڳ̶ȹ󷨣⿿˵ıӡҪĲϸ˵
۾һϲ⣬ؾ˵õʯ֮⣬õģǸĲϣ˵ɡ
ǣֲε󷨣ĿǰΪԣҲúķһµʱ䡭Щɵ
һ£΢΢һֻ֮ε̾һ
ӣֻܷˡЩε˵
šҲش
Ȼֶβ٣ΪӲˡҪõͱҪػȻɱˣܹȡ߲ʹеı
пڵϹѾ㹻ɱˡæҲС
еʱһͦؾġݸпš
ؾݿݺ޼ɡԲǿߣҲη塣
ϧﲻؾܹԪͷĻ˵ˡǰǿߣҲþס
ΪӲ˰죬ѪﵽھŲ㣬Ҳˡͷš
Ϊ죬Ȼûʲô˵ġʵʵʵѪ߲ǵѪʱѪĹʵǲôǿġ
ֻе˵ڰ˲ԺѪĹŻֳ
ǾԲԲǿȫһǿ
ֻǱĻ̸ֺʲôƷ
뵽ЩԸĿһԶĹ򣬵գȴֻ̾һεҡҡͷ
ؽױջȷССҪƾʯվŲҲɱԷ
һ㣬Ǵռ䵱еʯϾܿˡ
߰ɡ
̾Ϣһֱ֮ӱתԶ˳ȥ
ԼĪʱ֮Ѿɳ˽ǧҵľ롭
ˣղǵطȥˡ
Ȼ
ţͷһζʱڿͣࣿ
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ڣݶʱŤͷաһƬ߲ϼ⣬Ȼš
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пܣֱǵطȥġǵٶȡһʱ֮ͿԵִص
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ϱ˺ںĳۡǻɫ
ں䳤ۣɫӣּҵˡаţѯʣڵǿߣʲô·
ں䳤ۡ
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ȥһῡӡ
ῡӣâһ
һľǿߣֻһǾԲĴī졭Ȼ˵ǾڵȻͲˡһī֡īݼһ׾ˡȻҲ
ôΨһʣµһ
ӡôһ䣬΢
Ƭ֮һҧȥòҲöһӡôɡ
뵽û˿ɣֱת·ȥ
ӡ޵˼£ֺγǶӡ޺øУ뿪ģһӡˣһΪߵģȻҪȥ
˵Ҳöһ¡ܹ֮ͬǰīǰ̡Ǿ͸ˡ
ݵٶȺܿ죬βʱͻص֮ǰĵط
ԶԶģݾͿʯʱʯȻڲͣţ߲ʹϼݣ·𲻹ôҲ޷߲ϼ֡
һʱ֮ǰʱ߲ʹԺʵ˲١
ӣҲˡһĻݰһ漴ȴĿһɨֱӳ·˹ȥ
Խ棬¶ԽߡϾ󷽴󲿷ֶŨ̹ҽѪҲѲס
һ黹ʵĵ棬ֱһ֣ųһơΣҲû˵С
̧ͷţȴ¶˼Ц
ӡ
һͷһвͣĹ˳

ʱȻš
ݽǾ޴ʯܿ죬ֵһ˲䣬ԶԶĶݿˣûӴ
ʯϵ߲ϼ⣬ַ·û˶ʱ򣬾޷ѡʶȻǱ߲ʹϼȴһЧҲûС

ҽϿգʯڲͣšѾһЩ׼ڽƵаĵȴš
ʱ֮󡭡
ˣݾһҲ̧ͷȥ
ৣ
ӰȻϱһھʯԼĪʮҵĵطͣ
ݣþ·Զ֮ȻŲỤ̃ݵĿһ۾Ϳˡߣˡһˣӡ
ȻбӡԱߵġīҡһ۾ͿӴʯԱߵ߲ʹ鼤
ӡҲЩȴǰüĿӴʯȻӡҲ˹ֵǿᡣ
ٺ٣϶ǴˣûնԸͷʯٺ٣Ǳǰīһ˷ܡ


851 
ӡδĻŤͷüͷ΢Ŀߡ
Ƭ֮󡭡
ৡ
⻪ƿն
ӡĿһ漴ǿɫӰھʯʮҵĵطͣ
īҲʱǣһ֮üͷȴּҵˣ
ҵ˭ԭҵӡӡϡǺǣһһᡣ
һˬʵЦ
ӡһҲһ˿Цԭּϡ
¡û뵽ҲӡϰЦš
Ҳû뵽ӡҲ˵ͷ
΢΢һЦĿɨһԱߵʯӹһ˿ȴЦӦе˸ղֹʯû£ѡ˷
ӡ΢΢˵ͷϹɷ˿֮ˣ
δ֡ӡأҲӡЦѯʡ
Ҳû֡ӡЦЦ
˵ϻݿҲ¶һ˿Ц
֪໥̽
ĺܺã㿴ҪʲôϷû
ôӡϸоڸôأһԱߵʯֱӿЦʡ
ΪأӡҲһԱߵʯҲ˵
ѾȥһʱвһʱػҪ±߲ϼӡⱦҲʧȴЦԣǵʱɲࡣӡǰ˵˵ɡ
߲ϼػ壬Ȼû˹ػ壬ϼͲʧʱ֮ϼ½ػӡסҲͻʧ
߲ϼѾһʱҲ˵ʧʱ䣬Ҳֻʣһʱˡ
˵ţ΢Цͷ
ӡĿͻȻ͵һִ̧һֻʮɫס
ؽױԭˡӡͷʱӿһ˿ŭĿ֮жһ˿
ղ֣Ҵڵǿߣ͸Լֱ档ڿ¾Ϊؽױĵɣ
аգӡĿһ˿ϲˡ
۾һУ֪ԼĿĴﵽһ󡰻Ȼ˼ЦŶ˵õġǽӡЦˡ
ӡƤ΢΢һ飬ãԼôûֺ
аŭҲЦȻеؽױȥˮÿʯԽô죬˵ɡ
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ʱһػʧҲʧ
żػıٶƷȻκ˶֮ʧ
⻰ӡĿ΢Ц⡣
áЦ˵
ԱּҵһۣһϣҪϣӡǾǿߣͷһֻ¡
֪ȴǵȻشżᱦûаٷٰ֮ȫġеؽױֻ֣ҪʱעһҲ治ʲôˣ˵עһ¡ʯĻСһЩ
˵꣬Ŀֱӿʯһֵ֮ϣɫ⻪
⡭ֳһ£ϻǴżֵǡĶ֪Է֮ԾҲٶ˵ʲôҲ·
ӡϣǡǱּҶӡнģߵīʵҲģâҲЩǵĿӡ
һؽױѵҾӡȴһȻģĲض˵
ǡīҴ˴յ˵ͷҲʯ

ʯȻţ߲ʹвͣŤǧɵӴΣǿǰһֻֻϡ
ӡϣҿҪˡӡ
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ݿһĻһĨЦ
ˣ
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䣡

һ֮󣬽ŵһɫƺȻ˹ϼеʯУһŨḷֱ́ð˳
һƣ߲ʹϼֱѣʯӴ壬Ҳʱĵ˳ȥ
ݿһĻĿֱӱһȻǵؽױҲǾڵǿڣԭΪ޷ʱȴֱһƽ֮ķɣؽױȻǿľ˰
ݰţ漴뵽Լе󡣿ϧ鱻ɣʲôܼΣҲŪ
ռؽױ֮⣬ûбԼҪȡ꣬飬ҲҪȵ뿪߿߲ΣûӵСʱûа취ġ
ţսѾݱչˡ
һ֣ӡʱŶֻһгʱֲطһɵĵâƥֱӷ£նʯԴ֮ϡ
ƥûԣǰ׹⡣ȻУֻʯһŭ𣬶ʱֱӱҵķȥ
ʯϣʯһն֮£ֱĽ
ӡԱߵīͬҲǳһطҲ£ɫƥҲʯԴ֮ϡ
͡
һŨܵİð
ʯǻñˮԿơӡԱߵȻΪֻǰڣĹˮԹʯɵ˺Ҫʤӡһ
ݿУаš
¡
ÿһζǧɾ޴ʯɣīҵһ֮ʯվֱӴ·Ũ̹ҽ֮С

ҽˮһĽ˳һҽһֱӳڵλ÷˹
ѪâһֱӱǷɳʮ
нݶ漸Ԫ򣬷ļ˸޷
ͺڣõѪ߶Ѫ֮ԣȻ޷


852 ʯĻ

ݶ㿪˹ʯֱӱ·ҽ֮СȻˣȴû˷ĿƵĿҽ

Ȼһٶ漴ֻһ޴ޱȵΣҽг˳
ҽ²һѵĿӣɫ۽ڵ˸Ĺâŭ޴ʮɴСƣͬĲӬһ㣬ֱӳſȥУ
ʯֲ˼¡ƲδκһˣȻ𺣣ȴ˲˵ϣðܴ
ڻĻ棬˲佫ǰ

ȣ
ȻԪҲܱȼգң
˶ĲҽУž
ʯĻ棬ȻԪȼ

ڴʱһɫâȻɢȥ˶档Ƭ֮󣬱ʧԭ˵壬Ҳ˲Ϣ֮󣬻ָ˹
âģӡѿҲǾڵġСģ
ӡϡ
лӡϣ
ллӡϣ
мĳ˵
һĻȴǵһɵĿӡ֪ӡâֲȴû뵽Ȼǿᵽһ
ʲôȥľԡǣԲӦÿľôΪʲôâܹ𣿶ңԪȼյĻ𣿡
ԣͿľȻâȻֱܹԪȼյĻ棿
аԲ²š
漴㽫һ˿ɻͷ
ʱϸʱ
Ŀһʯֻвʱĸһ޴ɫӡѹʯȻУʯٶȱˣͷϰ̹Դϸǵ޴ʯ
һɫ⻪Ĺ
ֲķ򲨶ŪһƬɫ˵ֻīԼˮܹʯɾ޴˺ˣǹҲ޷̫˺

ʯšܴ󣬵ٶȺʵ幥ѻˡ
ʯͬյţһֻбܣûǻۡˣŭ
ּҵͬҲܣʯĻ̫ˡʵ幥޷ЧԲ֮ڣȴҲһƬռ䡣
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857 ɶ
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˵ǱɳȺʣµʮ֮һˡΪԷҲӵһڵʶıطΪ̫ֻҪκһ˶пôɡʮˣɣ
Ŀñ֮ૣ˭һὫҳġּҲƣԼǲּ֪ҵֶΡ
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䣬ȱʧһ룬Ե֮ҪȷüöƷ˵ҩָꡣ
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ȻǰԲΪƣȻܵǣ
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˵ɱڻԲǿߡ٣ڶԷǶԪ뷨£ҪҲѡ
вٿصؽױľԲǿ߹Ҳֻɱ
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ô״θоԼӦԺҪӦԵһС
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ݵ˵ʵʶ˲ˡǱһ̤ɳȥһ˿ѵĻ壬ȴǷ


861 ɱ

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ǣѪﵽ˵ڰ˲㣬ͬһؽƷЩ֦ٲƶֻҪ΢һ𣬾ܽϣ˿޷š
Ѫڰ˲ݵʵǷ츲һı仯
һݵôŻٶȣðʱŴʮʮĿռ䡭ȻҲһЩ򣬵ȴûгʲôػ壬еıҲƷ
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ຣЩÿһͷоڵǿȡ


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Ͼһֻ̽ʮʱ䡣Ѿȥֻ꣬ʣꡣڸ߲ΣñĿԲŸһЩ
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̶̲Ϣ֮䣬Ȼ׷ϡ
ϣһβỹƷ˰ɣЩεţȴǲֱһ߲ʹ򡭡

ݵָ߲ʹ֮ϣʱͣ˿СȻֻһϢ֮Ȼ֮䣬߲ʹâʣգǺȻһ߲ϼ⡣
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ԼǵãʱͷĶǱԼϣͷĶһĻɫâʱѪѾˡǻɫâ̺ѪҲĥãȫ𡣶֮ڽǸ߲뵿ռ䣬һȴѾʧĸɸɾֻһƷ棬֮͸˰Ρ
ѵҲϹһ֣
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ǰͷҰް뵱һͷһ޶˵ʲô𣬴ҲǰһͷҪ̫ࡣ
һͷ߲ʮҡȻǰȻȴİɣݣƾˡ
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ȷвܽеϹ嶼ӡһȥлȱ䲻ȫǰҲ벻ġ
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뵽һ۾ĿȴǿӴԱһ߲ʹ֡澲һѪڰ˲ΪĿҲõ˼ɵı͸߲ʹ֣桭


863 սë
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ٶΧĿӿеҲ·𱻿ƫһëƤ֮ϣȴֻһ˿˿ϸ΢ĵ绡Ҳ˿û˺
һΣһΣȴδֱӶײѪâգۼ䣬Դ֮ǰȻݵֱȻʹ࣬ȻͷϵĶǻȥ
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ݵΣһԶҲѪ磬ڻëĶΧһȭȭĻӻëʹԽԽ
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񣬱һҹУȻһֽҪֱĸо
һʹϴݲӲֻܷܶ飬һֻ壬ۿӵٶȣ񱻻ҹⸯʴšһȦҹ⣬λɢȥ֮ѪҺʴޣ
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߲ʹϼȻȻ֮УһƬ߲ϼ⣬նڸȥ߲ʹУһ߲뵣ҲȻֻʮϢʱ䣬ʱγһ޴ޱȵ߲ʹֵ֡УһͷӴޱȵľƾճˡ

󷢳һҰеĹףҲȫѹȥ
ǧ⡣
˶סˣ֮У¶˾ϲɫ
ˡˣĳˣڹЦܣһˣڳˣããпð

ݹЦţҲ̲סαһѪâֱӳ߲ʹϼķ˹ȥ
̶̲ʱ֮ѾңңɼǾ޴ˡ
֪ܸ֪ͨǷػ壬ػľģȴ޷֪ͨӦĵ
һ֮󣬶ʱϳ߲ʹֵеϣȴ¶˼־֮ɫ
ȻǾ壿
ʱż־ȵǸʱҲǷǳ֮һΪϡ١û뵽ռȻҲڣ
йϹϣļ仹ǣķӡռУʵһͷ塣
һͷɱǰһͷӴĶࡣγɣϢԨƺӡռ䵱Ϣǿļͷ֮һͷɵĺɫǳĿֲ
ǿᣬԶţ츳̤ǿֲƿռ˺ѵһʽ˷ʤöԸЩء
ݴӾлعȴһЦʲôöԸģ
һ
ݼЦ󲻹ɸߴ󣬰վѪ˵Ӧòžѵڶ㡣սӦھڣӽԲĳ̶ȡٿǵռеϹ嶼ûǻۡڵֶΣҪɱѰɣ
Եš
ˣ츳̤ɲǺģ츳Ѫܿס˵׼ϹľбɵĿܡҪˡЩǵ
һЦ
̤Ǿ츳֮ݷһʩչ츳һžͿ̤գһΧ֮ڵܵռ֮Ĺ
ң⹥壬ꡣ
ͷսھڵԲĳ̶ȣʩչ츳ĻҪһΡν൱ֲ
Ѫڰ˲㣬ȷܿңϹľȷпܷɡ
ǣݻ΢Цţϴŵ顣


868 ѿռ
츳ֲһЦҾͲʩչ츳Ļ᲻ˣ
ʩչ᣿һ£ɵȻãҪ˲ɱ塭ǲܰɣ
ܹ֮ãƥռҲܸơ˼ǿ϶ġ
ǣϾֻǾֻ֮ܽɱǿҪ˲ɱȴǲܵġ
Ҳδ˵Ҫ÷
ݵĻȴ÷һ
漴һЦٶԣһ۾вľ壬һ֣ӡʱ׳ת
ݱ˫ۣǿʼָԼԪʶ
̫ˣȫʢҲֻʮڴ֮ǰѾļԪıȽء
ԵУʹѪԪ֮ڵģ϶ᶯáǡ
һĻЩ漴Ȼ뵽ʲôˣ㲻Ҫʲôѿռɣ
Щȷѯʡ
ѿռǹԣǿ
ǺǡûĿϢеݣһ߻ָԪһ߻ص
һûʩչǷ繭ôǿȷ᲻̫óȻˣԣЩȷ
Ź顣ȴЦ˵
ɹ䲻ȫһô죿ЩǣһˣʱҪʩչ츳ͷȻѪѲŵڶ׶Σ츳ΧҲһǧ磬˳ǧ֮ĵطٳԣ᲻һЩ
ǧ֮⣿ЦһҰ߲ʹոư㲻֪һ¹۶ǿᱻ߲ʹָڵô
ƣýƵĹ߲ʹ֡
Խƴ߲ʹ֣ǵ˲䴩Խǧȡⱦôݷʡ
⡭˴
ǧ룬ٶȣҲ˲ġ
ˣİɡġûаյ飬Ҳɵġ
˵꣬ݱ㲻ǰĵĻָԼԪ
ݼ֣Ҳٶ˵ʲô
һƬΨԶľ壬ʱʱһ˫ĿƺҲݵĴڡ߲ʹֵĴڣ޷뿪
ʱ䣬Ȼš

һʱ֮
ž߲ʹ֣΢úʵһЩݣҲ۾
һ۾壬󳤳һվ
漴ֻṭâһ֮󣬶ʱһҳ֡סҵһ˲䣬һɫʸƾո֡
¸¡
һ죬ݵУһ¡
һȻԼǿԪ֮
ʱ䣬ɫâƣ㼯еĽɫϡֻڳһߣɫԪʱ˽ɫ⻪뵽ǽɫ֮ϡ
ݵԪȼ
ԭֻǽɫӰļʸڽɫâĲͣ۵Уʱʵ·һʵʸһµķģ˽ɫʸļ֮ϡ
һϢϢϢ
ݲͣȼԼԪ뵱Уһƾո֣ʸͷǡ

ڼʸļͷĸǵһ˲䣬壬ȻֳһɫİӰŹģɫâҲȻӰ۶ȥ
ģһɫâƲݣΧգӳճһƬöĿĽɫŽĻۣӰȻҲʵ
һķ·ҪնƵϢͷ֮Ͼ޴Ӱϣ
ȻôǿЩȵҲϢһ
⻹Ϊ˱Ϊ򣬻ǿЩػص
ǵؽƷܣȷɱͷˡһ˵

˽һҵʱ䣬ݵɫҲһƬ԰֮ɫ
ԪĹı֡
ҧأչ֣ȴûаֵĲ
ȻһƬѪɫâݵһѶǰ֮ľȥ
ž
Ϣ֮Ѫâײ˾ϵ߲ʹ֮ϡ

ʱһȻϵ߲ʹ֣ʱѿֻ̤գȻݳ˹
̤գÿһ·𽫿ռһ㣬ƵĹƺˡ
ݲ԰׵ĿԶľ屼ϮؽҧȴһƬƽֲ֣ҲûС
ˣ循ˡȻٶȴ̫졣
һϢֱ֮ײģʮ
Ҳﵽٽ㣬Ҳ̲סȻɿеĹҡ
ԣ
һ·㴫صı֮
˻
ɫʸͷ֮ϵӰеļȻֱ߰ʮ֮ľ塣
ӰɫʵͬʵһļʸڿȻһϣһʮɳýɫʵʸױȵٶȣȻžȥ

صӽɫʸ֮֮ռƬƬѣ¶ڵա
УɫƲ㣬Ҳ˺֮£һƬޡɫ绡ɫ绡֮ףϢʧ
ʸٶȿȥʵȴǿ쵽˼¡·Խ˿ռһ㡣
ݣ
գۼ䣬ɫʸǺֱ͸˾壬ŸԶĵطȥ
壬ǼǰСǣֻɳα͵һͣ˿С
һϢ֮

ͻȻȻһл֮һµȻ֮
ֻ壬ȻѣɫâӹѵĿð˳
壬ȴ·ĳ˿һ㣬ǣȴ˿ܶ

ĽâȻѣǸߴɵľ޴ΣϢģһƬâʧ
õĽɫ̻ۼ

ѿռ𣿹Ȼǿᣡ
ݵϴЦݣż˷ܡ
ߴɣ֮廹Ҫǿᣬӵޱȿֲ츳̤ľ壬ôˡ
һɱ
ˣؽױ
ʱͻȻ
ݶʱعŤͷһȻžǹѾѣıѾ·ȥ
Ѫɫâֱӱǳ߲ʹ·ȥ
ıＴصǰһ̣Ѫɫâڸ
һ֣ʱݵСݵΣҲʱ˿Ĵ֮ϡ
ͷݵҲ¶˼Цݡ
һɫϷ˲Ϲ󷨣ϹӨӨˡ
ǵؽױ
ɡֱӿ˵
ҪҪһ
һɡؽױǿ󡣷ʱҲܿɱһ֮õš
ֱ˵
á
Ӧ
񵱼ǽĿռ䣬һʶͨ÷󷨿ռ顣


869 ʮ
֮ͨݵص˱֮У̧ͷС
е߲ʹϼѾɢȻ֮Ľɫ⻪ȴмڿУɢš
ѿռȻǿᡣϧʱңȥļʸҲͨʸǰƾʶҪԵУ̫ǿˡ
һ֮ݺȻ̾
ʱȻ޷ΪֶΡԶ͵Ϯԣ˼ǰͱˡ
ʶ޷ͬҲһ⡣۵ļݿǲ˵ĺܡ֮ǰ֮Ŀ꣬Ϊ󹭵ĸ֪ܹʶĿôӣͨʶӦüʸ򡣿ɡѿռ̫޷ƾʶ֮ķλ
ˣԶ̹Ҳǲ׻Ŀġ
һѿռȻҲֻΪɱػֶˡšΪػûǻۣһʼ߲ʹָǣƶѿռɱǺܷġ
Ϊ˵Ϊ̫Щ˿ԲݷˣѿռͿʩչˡһֱĹ鿪ڵ
ǰΪ̫ЩҲǸп
ؽƷǿҲʹõıܱȻǿֲκΪܣҲӲ
ҡҡͷ֮һһָһ£Ȼǰɡ
˵ţݴ
ò˵ӵбӡݷ˲١
ʱ֮뿪˵أŴȥ

ʱȻţһ죬һ£һꡣ
תۼ䣬ʮʱ䣬Ѿ˾ࡣżرգֻʣ󼸸¡
֮ӽʱ䣬һ·ϣķŻٶȣҵĵؽױϧݵ·ǰһùˣʱ䣬߲ʹ򳬹ǧǣһػ嶼δ֡Ҳ˵ȫƷµı
Ʒ˵ʵ̫һЩȻԻȡʯһҪƷҲһСεģȻҲΪⶫܡ
ؽױȻǺѵõѹ˺
Щ̾
ǲģĿǰΪֹҲŵõļؽױǴӱжȡġƾԼı¶õģʵֻ󹭣ɫ
ɫ񻹴ڲܶõ״ֻ̬ΪǾƢԣţһľǿɵֻʣ֮һ֮飬ֻѡ˽壬ƫͲЭҲΡ
ʵҲûɴ÷ֱˣ֮ȴ㽫£á
һʮ㣬ʮ㵽ʮ㣬ѾǾԲ̶ȵΣˡʮ㣬ǲȥˡϣʮ㣬ٵõһɡ
վʮĲĴڴšһ̤롣

ʮռ䡣
ʮռ䣬ǹĿռ䡣
֮䣬ݺһѤöʵĹ⻪ڿбòݣ쳣
ǣȴ˱ռɾ裬Ϊ⵱һЩ⣬ӵޱȿֲܡ
ԲǿߣУҲҪ³
ٶȺ֮죿ǾԲǿߣҲԶԶĹ˿ֲԣҪСʱ̱־衣ʲôʱ֪
ȻʱΣķԲǿ߶пֱ߲ʹϼռ䵱УȴӰ⣬ڿзš
һǰٿ䣬ǻ˿С
ͽӣһξӲģȰ㻹ǹԹԽʡĵʱʧһ߷òʧ
ŭӺ˵һ˵Ŀͳѹ֣Ȼŭ˼¡
ߣĶǻҪȥ֡Σ
ǰǵӰʾĻڵ٬£ֱ޵
ɶ񣡡ˣȻŭ˼¡
쳤ϢҪӣҲˡּҵɢҿֵܼʲôʱ򡣵ʱ򣬲ǵıܶϵıҲͬǵġαŭ
һȻȴǻƽ
Ƴ˵ĲҪӣӰɡּɢܣҿжšҲܺ棬ѹƶԶã
һ΢Ҳ
٣ǾȰɡ
ǰǹͽȻҲǵĻЦһ
ЦЦͽԼʱȴҲЩˡ
ɢĶԱʱѹţⲻֵܼ̫áȵʶ޷áʱԲǿߣϵ⣬׸ˡ
ôûͽӷſԼĸ֪ΪԲ֮ڣԶӦСȻʱⷽԲȴӰûУЩ
ͽӣڵΰɣڹͽЩɻ뼱ʱ󣬴һȻ
ͽʱһ𣬰ѵѾʲô⣿
תһ֮ȴҡҡͷ
̫ܡ˶ǾԲǿߣÿжһؽױƾ֣׺ʵǲܶʲô˺ġ
뵽ͽӺЦī죬ֹȻصĿǣôŻӣǱŴģ٣Ȼ³ˣҲûʲôġӾڵ
ô㣿īƽ΢΢ЦֻһˣҲ޲˵ʵҵǺڴܸϹϾʲô
ͽһƬ֮󣬺ȻѵҲжˣ
Ǻǣּҵҩ˫⼸ȡҵı浱ǰ׳ˣƳϢжƾʲôΪǲжأīοЦ
ܣеؽױԲʶƾǸ޴ӷ֡ٺ٣ī죬ңͽͷһ漴Ц
Ϊӵеؽױ˼ҾûˣīЦһȴٶ໰
ͽ仰ȴͷһЩżˡ
ǶеؽױǣԷҲǺġ⼸Ǵҵ½һļؽױÿһζӳ졣ʮĵؽױﲻ٣ͬһҲõһ
ʮеؽױЩƷͬҲܳƷǶһؽƷǡþǸӦĻ˵׼ܸӦˡ
ǣķĻûɻŹѵ˳Լ뵽ͽ΢΢һ䡣漴һҧִӴУȡһơ


870 ɳ
Ƴ֮ɫȥۣȻŸոóͽӵԺУʱһе֣ˣҺζɢѾȥǧҪð
һ仰ͽӵԴʱһɣɵˡ
ڴʱɫƣٶһ£漴ٶ𣺡֣ôڲó˵Ļ𣿡
ԭһ֮ǰµġÿһζƣȻͻʶ˵ΪܻܿᷢԼԹͽÿжƷ˴дڣͽȻ޷ӦϢ
һóǸӦˣԶʱʶѶϢ
ˡͽɫѿ˼㡣
ʲôѵ㡭һ
׷ɱأҲɢͽӶҪˡ
Ȼī˵˼
Ϊ⼸ĶͽӣǶԹͽӵĺԶˡ˵ķֹǹͽӸȡΪͽеġջӰܹʱ֮У֮ؽƷﻹãֻҪǿ߶޷ȻǶᱦѡ
ֻ⡰ջӰȻǿ󣬵ͽӵΪյʱֲֻ̣ܼܶʱһ֮ҪٶȽУҪʮϢʱ𡭡
ǣʮϢʱ䣬ԾԲǿߣ㹻˼ҽɱεġ
һ㶼ڶԷػɱ֮ǰͶ߲ʹԱߣ֮еȴšػ屻ɱһ˲䣬г߲ʹڵıȻӡ
ɱˣһ涼ǾǿߣսȻȴҲþܴùԷϾ̻񣬲ǱڱϣйҲǲ
һ棬ҲûҪĿǱʲôޡ
ԣͽӸᱦʣµˣܵ;У׷ɱߡ
вʶĵؽױ޷֡һȻվơȻԷ޵ҲֻĿﳤȥ
˸˾𣬿ν
һβ׺Ŵһһػ壬ͽ˲˼Ҫ֪ʮ㣬ؽױҲǺܺġ
ǣ˰֮ǰİſʼжػ屻ɱһ˲䣬ѾϵĹͽӣȻֱӴг֣߲ʹеıﱦˡ
гһ˲䣬֪мˡ
ۿûжϢ֮䣬ֳǿߡ
ּҵƣҵī졭
ңˡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰһֱܳɹΪұϾһġһʼֻȴû뵽ī죬ҲԱߵء
Ǹʱ̫ġϾԷˣͬҲˡ˭ʤ˭ɻ˵ء
תӡȻǽ
ǣܵĹ֮УͽȴǺȻķ֣ԼʶȻһ˿֮СһӦ֮ʱһ
жˣּҵġɢ
⡰ɢȻ޷ɱԲǿߵģȴþԲǿڶ֮ʱʱ޷ʶ
ʶǲٿطҪ޷ʶھԲǿ˵Ǿ͵ڱնֽô
ڹͽΪӲѹסˡɢʱñǣһ·ӵ
ϾȨ֮ƣѹƣɢվǻᱬġʱ򡭡
뵽ͽˡ
Ϊżжøĺôǽȫҵ߷ˡĻʧɾ̫ˡ
ңҲ˿Ϊ˻顣
֡ǸรɡڳĬֻ֮ε˵
ͽɬ֪δˣѾ˾ء
Ȼ룬ɲʾͰȫˡ޷ʶȻû취ӵ̫Զֻ䡣٣ҲҪʱϣΪֻлָʶָܻս
īˣȻǲô׵ķŹǵġǻ᲻ᱻ֣
һ˵ûбī˷֣ͬҲΣա
ǣռɻпֲĹ⻪
ӣ֪ľˡڣЦĳ𣿶ңǲأͽӳĬãī죬ȻЦ
ͽɫ䣬ɥŤͷͶɱɲ
ɱһֱû˵ɫȴһƬɫߵΪأ
ͽɫࡣΪҲ֪ǾԲܵġ

볡֮ңĳһ֮ϣһ
ͽѾˡ
һϮۣݿ죬ڱγɵĽƵȶһīɫƣϴżֿɬЦݡ
֮СһƽŮ
࣬һǵľɫŮӡذ׳ȹ٣վȻͬҲ˾Ůӵϣȴδ¶ɬ֮ɫһƬƽ˫УҲû˿
֮һġŮĵΡ
һΣǴˡɬҡҡͷ̧ͷСʱʱй⻪ӹʵΣ
˵ұôΣػ֡ǰ󹲶ļҲ֪ˡǲҲȻġ
εԵúƽ
ֻû뵽ɢ򣬲䵽ءЩʵ˵
˵ģʵҲֻ֪©һжѡû뵽ԷȻˡɢ
ܹþԲǿҲʱʧȥʶʱҩȻޱȵġɢּҲࡣ
ǡɢյĽҲѣ˾
ƴɢҿûʲôġȴƽ˵
ô˵쿴
鲢δٱ仯żգĿܡȻĶԽԽá
漴Цˡ
˶֮ˣ˵ЩҲû޲ˡô죿
ȡμػص
ȣ˴漴һͷҲֻܵˡɢ޷ֻܿʱĥȥ˰ʱһʱϣܺõ㣬ЩҲǡ
οһۣ漴ٶԡ
εͷȻҲĽˣŮӵƢԣһ䵭
ȾУȻ˵ȻݡľĽҲĽ
³һ
Ȼ׼Ŀһʱ򣬺Ȼһżѹ֮ɫ಻Զȥ
ԭΣҲȻ۾ͬһȥ
Ŀ⵱һţƾո֡


871 
ʱˣȻΣ˵˭Щһ䡣
֪һƽ۾ҲŲԶֵĿռ֮ţҲһ˿档
һӰԹŵУ˳
ȻҲ֪ǲ̫˵㣬Ӱ߳ǹţǡþһɫ⻪Ȼһ
ռ⣬ǾԲǿߵͨһӰȻû˿׼ȻǱ⻪ȻС
磡
ǵӰֱӱݺݵײ˳ȥ⻪ΪǿᣬʱѪǵӰͬһ㣬ײʮ

һȻεУ¶һ˿㵡Ƭ֮ЦõĵǵùռĹ⻪оԲ֮£ұ˻УҲĿܡˣ׶༪ţ
ȻĻδ˵꣬ȻͣۿԶ
εĿ⣬Ҳʱһü΢ѹ
Ҳ̫ˣ
һЩܻ漴ֻʮ֮⣬ǵ⻪˳ȥΣȻķϣðѪɫĹâ
εεϬȻʶ޷ã̶̲ʮľ룬ȻһСǵǵӰԭ⻪кѵĵطȻѪɫâУԼ޸
޸壿ѵӡ㵵˵漴ȴüͷһ壺ԣӡĹâɫȴѪɫң˵ΣȻҲӡһΪᣬȴӡ
˭ʲôʱɳȺֳһ
㵡εҲм־ȣ΢գ
ζ޷ʶȻ޷̽Էʶ򣬵ǲ˾ȻֻԲΪĻֻ»ҪΪ𾪡
ͻȻ֣͵ùıһ⻪еģǽʮݡ
һɫ
û뵽ô㶼ȥˣÿһεÿһΣգܶʮ֮󣬾ȻŸսͱռΣһ
治Ǹͷֹһ漴ȴ̲סЩϲʮΣգǾԲĹڴ֮£ȹȻҲֻοѶѡȻѪڰ˲֮󣬾Բ̶ȵĹѾ޷ֱɱˡ
ֻǾԲͨѣʩչ似ĻͲһˡҲܴ⡣
ݰš
ͨ似ɵĹǲһġƷԽߵ似ҲԽһ㣬ݵĺܡ
ˣʮﴦˡ
Ȼ
ţͷһջ񣬸֪ɢ˳ȥ
ȴûκˡ
ȻŹжϡ
ΪΪ㣬󹭵ֻܷӳһ֡Ϊ󹭵飬󹭵һЩȴǶõıҪࡣ
ͺ֪Ҫǿࡣ
ʲôΪѯʡ
Բȵ˵
Թ֮Ļһ١ͨ⼸ĽӴҲ֣ƽȻ࣬ʵȴԼͷ죬ѧϰ
˵ԲĲΡǰֲǲ̫ġȴѾܹͨԼĸ֪жˡ
ԲԵ˵ͷ㵹ûгϣϾʮͨΣգҲǾԲ̶ȵģģȻǾԲǿߡ
šһһŮص
һһŮôпܾǱɳȺˡݰ롣
һνżĹˣԲǿߣֻô
ҵī죬ּҵƣ׺ε𣬱ɳȺȺ֮һӰͽӡ족ԼŮΡ
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ֻҪҾˡš
ڱɳȺﵹûʲô˼ġΪʵԵʡϾʼҵͷӣǱɳȺ档
ң뱱ɳȺҲûʲô϶
뵽תӣŹԵķȥ

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Σûо˵ıӰеϤ빭˵ǿıӰжݡȻһ֮ȻЩɻĿڡ
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һ漴ʱɴ۾ȻߵǸˣֺǽݣ
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ȥʲôȴЦҡҡͷϾҸزʶġ棬ȴȻԱȻǲҼ档ȻˣֺαܹȥûȤ
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ԲֲεǿߣǱȽϺáرֶᱦķΧ֮С
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872 Ҳģ
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ϾЩ⻪öֶϽŵʹУҲԸⳢԡ
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Щš
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ƽʱʮĲʱСʱĸʮ
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﷽ԲǺεȴһƬΧСʱʱȻֻһ߲ʹ򡭡ʵЩ⡣

˦˦ͷҲûоȥǼǰ

ڼǰѰµ߲ʹ򡣶ھһ߰ǧĵطһ׷սѾӽβ
ͽӵ֮ϣֳһ˿쳣ĺɫʶԽԽͣͿҪ޷תҪһؽƷķзֻѾ׷ˡ
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ͽӵɫԽԽѿԽԽꡣУȴѾ¶һ˿
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Ǻǣ˵ҪͣҲҲһֶɢѵһֶΣī˿ŭЦ
ͽŭɰ˼ά˼˵ģû
׼˼ɱػʱ˼ʤʵͲ׼˼ҷ㣬ж£ֺ£
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ӣԼ߷ԼƸҪˡ
ͽӿɬšȻЩڵʱûεĻ֡䵽أ
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ԣǵٶȱȻ̫졣еؽױ֣ҹƣʱҲӳﵽ﷽Բ
ղŹͽһӣԤαȻҲλӥֱ̽һǧֻҪǰߣ΢ȣӦúܿҵǡ
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ղŷһˡȻӦþ졣ѹǷ֮ȴûеһʱʼΪ˲Ҽ档ĻӦνɢĶҩڱѹƣһʱǡþһ⻪ңȫȻû¡У϶˲ΣС棬ҲͿˡ
ͽӣӸղ⼸˵ĶԻвжϳΣӦһġҶôȻ˴顣֮ǰᵽһʧԽӸģīҲᵽҪҵˣȻƽϱȻûʲôȻϵ󵨵Ĳ²һµĻѵǱɳȺˣҵıԣ⵽Ϸ
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874 ˻ˮ
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һƣΪ족ǲ׺ŵһƷһƳ׳ӿƺȻԵǵ͵֮һͬΪԲǿߣҲӲȻЩŹ֣ţӲ
оݣڿнƣɫ绡ܡĿ⿴ŵУȻһɱģϵıҵģλû˵ɣ
īһۣ㶼˱˴еļ־ɡ
̫Ծֻ㱾£δҲ̫һЩɣѵɵӲɣרŹģ
ǣīĸ֪УݵϢѾʧȻһɫ绡ɳΪޡνͣ
쳤ɱսƷ쳤ϣȻǺֻǡ쳤ȷѾˣڴʱƺȻһЦ˵˳
ţüͷһ壬һԱ׹ţʶ̽롭ȴδݵϢ
һЦȻһЦĳȻݰѡ
ȻеġաδڣȻһȻ֮͵һɺƵѪâͻȻľ޴ɫŵг˳
ɫ䣬͵Ťͷ漴ʱȥ
һѪâȻɫ׵ţһתһΡݣ
ʱݵ״̬ȥ̫ãǵ绡ƣһѺ۰ѪҺݵ
ǣ۾ȴȻ䣬м˷ܡ
ЩǣϵƣһƬѪâУȻԼٶȻָš
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ָȻӡԣӣӵпĻָīĶݣ˸ż̰ȡ
ϵܣʵ̫ˣ
ĿҲ˸żâݣȴǲ֪ʲô
ΨǿݣĿһƬ𾪡
ӲԼ죬ȻˣݣֻԲΪ
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Ѫڰ˲㣬޷ܾԲǿߵĹҲһ㣬ɱң
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Բǿ߰ǿǱȵƾҪǿĴڣ
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ϰȻʮȭĳһ㣬ХһȭѪâͬһѪɫ磬գΧռ䣬΢ҡ
ԭ𾪣һݾֱսԼɫٶһڣߵСΪϷκβ㣿
ŭյ𣬶ʱһһɺƵԪ뷨Ȼؼ併䡣ϣ˲绡
ӭݳΣҲαӭȥ
䣡
һ죬Σڿ˲һ㡣
BBžž
һ֮ͣӰȻڽ֮Ӳĵһ𡭡ȻƾУ
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ݷţɴ˫Ŀֱ֮ϣͷ֮ϣ¶ȻѾȫ
Ҳһŭŵ顣ȻɫһڣȻϷ
䣡
ϣͻȻһɺ֮˲ߵƽ⣬ݵΣʱȻ˳ȥǿʱȻӶƬΣǵ˳ʮԶڿпסΡ
Ѫ׷ɡ
һɫ
Ȼ˵ȴͻȻЦϵѪɫâͻȻŨϢ֮ԭ壬ָ˹
ǾԲǿߣǿ˷ܡ
ȻһĻȴƵˣǵһ
ˣȻֻһתȻȫָˣ
˵ɴ۾
Ȼ𾪣ȻԶݣȴ˷ܡһٶȴѪ棬˹սⰻȻ

һΣٶȳ
ϷͲˣ
Ҳ˲عױȵŭ
䣡
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һΣŭ֣ĳ档һӴֱ֮Ӿͱײķ˳ȥȻУŶըˡһ㣬׷ɵıһλҪԶ
ϵѪâҲ΢һϡ
ǽţѪâٶȼݱըѵţٶȻָ³
ˬ죡
䣡
䣡
䣡
һһΣȫӲӲĴ򷨣ռ䱻˵һƬҡмͻȻӹĹ⻪ûͱǿս顣
ֲ˼£
ÿһΣǿݵѡϾǾԲǿߣѪڰ˲ȻҲסԲ
ǣת˲֮ȫָȻٶĳȥ
һ˷ܣء
ȻȴԽԽľ
ݾôһģÿһȭݵըɣÿһΣȴϻָ
·Զ֪ƣ룡
ǱʲôŹֵĹ

Ȼһ뵽һֿܡ
еģǻƷ巨
𣬺Ȼѯʡ
һԱҲ𾪵īƶˣҲʱع¶һ˿𾪡


880 Ͳͯӣ
Ʒ巨Ϲ巨УƷߵĴڣ
֡ǡ⹦ӵлָǿ
ǣпɳȺҲû˶⹦ݻ᣿
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쳤Ϻüʶ
ݣҲû˼ЦĵΪѪȷǻƷ幦
ԣ㶼ǵһû뵽ȻǻƷ巨
Ҫ֪еõ巨ǷƷġǾƷʵ̫ԶǣӡǾ뺵Уȴ֪ƷǷǳеġ˵й̣˵Ǿһ
ݻ᣿ǴʲôطŪģ
һʱ䣬ݵݣ˵УԽ
ˣī˵ݵһγ֣Ǵӿռ䴫ģ˵ĻҲǹɳȺͨѵǹɳȺ֮ĳطˣ
īüš
лƷ巨ҿȥеĲѾǳĸߡҪʱɱѾˡʱ޶࣬ٴ˵סǶȥȽ˻ɱ˵
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ˣСͽ쳤ˡ
ī쵱ϣ漴˼һۣȻһ󱬷˳ȥٶ֮죬գۼ䣬Ѿʧ
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漴ȴһĨЦδ׷ϣǼ˹ȥ쳤ϣֻʣˣսʹ죡
ԭѾݵ׼Ȼ˿ѾߵĴۣͷʱһ
Ҫ֪ݵٶȿҲǷľġԷҪȥصĻҲܷѾ
ȻȥȻʡ˲ٹ򣬵ߵǾúûһĻƷʲô֮

ӭȥ
ˣٶȺȻսķ

һ¾˻жԶ롣
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šƵͷɢӥ顱ĸ֪֮Ҫ֮ء
Ȼһ֮̽ȴüͷʱһУݲµƷͬһ㣬ӥ顯ĸӦ·һţҪƽС
ãǾƿ
īԵ˵ͷֱԵ
ƣͨ˵ȷǳѲȻھԲīƶԣȴ㲻ʲôǣܹԪʶǰ֮¡ȫԱǿƳơ
ī컰֮ϣʱӿһŨĽɫ⻪طһƥϢī˳
΢ͻȻĿһֱӺն

һɫƥкնɫƥ֮ռ䶼˺ѿ޿ƥУ
⻪ȻգԶȥƣҲһֱԡӥ顱Ӧܡ

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Ƭ֮󡭡
ôīưûлӦɵÿơ
ƵɫȴЩѿȻͨĽơҸղһֱӦţĹãֱӾʹԽƿռ䣬ƣûа˺
ʲôīɫҲʱһ䣬ôûаַӦǿҲ˹ûаַӦ
ʵˣƭī⻰ʱõü˵ˣֱǰ塣Ƶþڱǵĸ֪ƷΧ֮ٿ
Ҳֻˡīšüͷͷȴݸŭ
һʧ飬Ϊݣȴʡ˲գ
ʱȻҲŭʱʱһһţɢҩҲҪɢûʱ˷ѡ
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ۼǰ˳ȥ

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һ˺ѿռϸ΢ͣĻصռ֮СĴսֽ״
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ԣݣȴ˲ȻӦ磬˼뿪С
Ҳ֪ԼɱݵĿԲ󣬻ƷʵЩ졣ȻеؽױıȴǷԵģڶԸ˵ûʲôơ
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ݵѪôصҲָ̼ʵҲܶġ
ڣʱƷ幦ϽϣܹõĽ
뵽УҲ¶һ˿̰
һʼ޶ݣΪ£谭ǵжǵĴ¡
ȴͨˡ
ݣһͲͯ
뵽˵أϣֳһ˿ɭȻ΢Ц
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ѪâƵݣٶȳҲɣȻӭϡ

䣡
ݵΣٶȱ˳ȥ
ȻһΣ壬ȴֻ΢һЩѺһЩδһʼǰ㣬ֱѵӡ
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аϲš
ˣͷҪ֪ںսʵĻֻҪѪ˰ɣҸղżϺ¶һ˿Цݡ֪뵽ʲô
ЩݵԺ
ʲôԼҲΰˡдЦ룬īƶˣѾҵɱˣȻ˸ֶԸҡʱƳ֣ѻ֮̽ҵܣӶõôɡ
ݵдżֳЦ⡣


881 Ŀֲ
ƷֻҪ֪巨ˣ¶֪֮ټһսֳǿָ𲻶ģˡ
ƶطɳȺҲʲôܡͬҲطݣȻ֪طУѻ֮ʵϣҪѻֻ֮Ҳò
»ΪԲǿʩչѻԲݣͺ޷֮ɣ
ҡͷЦ
ӵС顱ģȻֻƷԴ˱ټҲط˵˼ƣԷҪѻ꣬ǳ˵Ρ
һУĺȻе뷨ܲ¸˾Ųʮ
һʱ䣬˿Ҳõˡ뷨ҲõΪֹˡŲѪʵ̫ѡһԼ£Ͳô׵ġһʱ֮̾һ
ŲѪǴɡʱ򣬷빥Բǿߣɱ֮ɱؽƷҲȲǵȻѡ˵
šݵ˵ͷ
ŲѪͽĿֲܡԣɱԲǿߣɱؽƷҲڵסȻޱȡ
ǵһ壬ֻ¾Ҫʱˡ
ºǿλæȵܹܵʱ򣬾ԲĹҲԶԶˡݰš
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Իսȴδֹͣйﵽڶ㣬ɷǧκβԡʱȻҲܷ롣
䣡
ݵٶȵ˶ϹѰ߲ѪѪһӿ֮
ˣˡ
һ漴Ŀӹһ˿ɱ
һֱֵķϢС

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һУһ֮ǰһ㡣
ĲɣһֱīƶˣǷѾҵΣȻûзеĳȻֵ顣
ٶȳ˹Ҳɣһӭȥ
ѪɫâȫзҲȥɫӭȥ
һ죬һϣ㶼ױȵѹڿнӴ
ȻڽӴǰһ˲䣬ĿɱǣһֱǰķȻ̶ֱ
ڽ·âҲһ㡣ռ˺һǿһѷ졣
κ޷Ӵϣݱ˵Ѫ·һӸɡ
˺
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ʲô
ѳȻԼǰ·ʲôȥʱжʱ¶˾飬æҪܡ
Ȼʱﻹü
ڵģһ̴Ԫ뷨ơ

ʱʹȻͣҪ˺
ȻݵˣĿɱһֱӺƣ綹һ㣬ɵжϡ
ʲôⲻܣ
ʱ˳в˺Ȼ
Ҫ֪Բǿ߼սʱҲȻĲһ㻤Ԫġݶι𣬵޷Ѫڰ˲ݿġΪʲôÿһζ˵˶
Ϊ⻤Ԫ
ȻʲôͻȻõɫȻȫȻĻԪ
Ҳ˵
ɱԼ
ɴ۾ΣҲš
ǣʵǰݲšңҲûʱš
ƲαзԪ֮У֮ʲôԪʲôڷǰһжǸơ

ͻȻХ˫Ŀ죬Ԫ뷨ֱ֮ͬҪǮһķȼαˣ˲ԼĶƣַּǽԼĵؽױŹܡʱ䣬һɫ⻪Ȼǣ
Ȼٶȣݵٶȸ죿˵Ŀ죬ȴ׷ĸ졣ǣ⡰Źܡɫ⣬ȻҲеĹŹֺڽûаá
ͬ붹֮һ㣬ɣпˡ

ٶȾ˳ɴ˵۾оȻ¶һ˿һֶζˣѵҪ
ȻǷʺһ˲䣬ڽȻͻȻֹ
һ̧ͷȥ
ֻɫγɵɫ壬Ȼ޷סȴǽݵε赲档
һĻﻹгɵʱ䣿ˣʱ䣬ѾݵĹΧ
ң
ƵĲѪ
ɫľ塭ȴ֮⡣ղţֻҪǰʮ֣ͷҪءǣǡǡͲʮ֣һ
ֻб֮Ҫʵ幥ɫ⵲סȴܵס㡭Щε˵
εķһۡ
ðɣֻܶñֻ֮ʵ幥ܴЧ£֮ǰ͸˵ˡ
ı֮졭ؽ׷Ȼ֮ж治֪ɱҪǿʲô̶ˡݰš
ɱһʹùֻʱ򣬷ɱҲԻɱǿߡңǴΧġֻҪɱΧ֮ڡ
ѾԲΪͬΪ˵Ϊڣǲɱܼˡ
ǴⱾϣӦþͿԿһˡ
Ǿ˿־Ĵڡ
ϧûһɱڿûлˡЩϧ̧ͷֻʮ֮һ԰׼һңңĿɫܣǻһƬɫ壬ͬһ㣬εػס
һĻεͣ
Ѫ޷ǡȻܹǣȴֽȥ
쳤ϣʲô򲻹ͶôƳƳ죬˵
쵰ѣûݵĻָȻҲûг˿ڵҲûѪ
ϾǾԲǿߣ̶ȵƣʵ˵սûжġºһöƷ׹ǵĵҩ᳤ֻ֫ˡ
⽣ʲôĿ⣬ĶеĺɫвѿױȵĿ־塣
ؽƷķ⽣ĹȻûаֵã⽣ʲôı̫ˣ
ɣЦѯʡ
òݣ֮ҧĿ׺ݣɱȻĶݵСҲҪҲ⽣ѡߣ󣬾۵ˣ⽣죬òֻнǿֻҪԶ壬޷Բǿߵĺɣ


882 ׷ɱ
Ҳ޲ܶݰƤˡ
򲻹Ҳô׷ϣȴһЦ
ܣһЦ֪ٶȲǣܵĹۣ
ҲǾԲǿߣ˼ܣȻĺܣǺܿҵ˷ȱ㡣
ֻҪǶɫܵУȻԲǿͬʱطԪԶ̴ݡϴ۵ٶȣݻûʲôطܡ
ȴȻûʲô֮ɫ۾ˣĳûطˡһжǽֳܹҵɱλǰǰ֮°ɣ쳤Ͼô϶ҵλǰ
ݶʱ΢΢һ䣬۵ʲô
쳤ѵΪλվ쳤ϵĶ棿ȴЦζ
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һ֮ͷȥ޿ֵӣѵԷܵס˲ɣ
һת֮ȴҡҡͷܣƾԲܵסˡһֱߣԼơ
뵽һ漴һСҪ
ȻδأȻһȻԶ˸ʱһҲû˵תȥ
һƬâ˸ţâУһҷۣԶԶ
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⣬ⲻīĴȥôᡭ
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⡮ӰԹ󡯵Ϲţûɱֻǵˡ۾УֻҪٵۣͿˡ˵Ҳ㲻ʲô˲󷨡ֻҲ֮ڣǿҲ޷ǿġλûҵ۰ɣЦĵʵϵĺܡ
īɫԽѿ˷ôʱ䣬ʱѾȥˡڣԷ󷨣Ǹ֮ʱֻҲˡ
ī쿴ݣɱŨķߵƣͬҲӿһ˿ɱ
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һʱ䣬໹Сʱ䣬ɢĶؾҪˣݾǷſ˷ɹȥԴ۵ٶȣֻҲѸϵˡ
˵ݵˡ
㻵ҵȴ£ƮƮһԩ˽ⲻ˽ͿɽҹʱҲ˵ˡҧгݵģȻǺ޶ݡ
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ͻȻ˵ȴԱīƵע⡣ֱ֮ʱ˾㶼һ
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ڴϴš
۲ǵؽ׷бٶȣȻǿ쵽˼¡ݵѪڰ˲ٶȣҲҪ١
ȻۿžͿҪ׷ˣݵǣȴһ˿Цݡ
Ҫõ㰡
ֹһ漴ֻһףʱ׷˳ȥȻԭݳĽڿȻ󡣶ݽһ̤ȵվ˽֮ϡ
λڡ͡
ŤͷЦһ
󡭡
䣡
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ʲô
ٶȾȻ˴ۣ
ˣʱȻĵɴ۾
⽣ʲôӵпֲĹӵзٶȻô죿ʲôƷף
˵Уǵһš
ǻ֪ЩʵֻǷıܣڵݣ޷ʩչ
֪Ļ֪Ҫж𾪡


883 ӡ
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ݻǴ£һֱۣʹ뿪ʵʲ
ͬҲɫѿ˼¡ΪԲǿߣȴһŪƣǡǿ벻̡
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ǣ˶΢΢һīеɫƬ
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ӡ򣬹˼壬Ǳӡķ򡣱Ҫǿߵеٮٮߣܹơ
Ϊȡֱ̳͡ʶֻʹһΡһ֮󣬾ͻɢ
ǣʣÿһŷӡ򣬶ӵױȵܣ
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չҲֻܶһ°ˡ֮ǰĲɱҡҼ£ձȻʮаš
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һ⻰Ц֮϶ʱӿֳһ˿ΣһЦⲻǣҲǳڰȫֵܿҪԭ


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һЦˣ˵֮ǰĳ˵һγֵԭ⹦Կʮĺܡλɲ˽黳
ֵܵĵطϣݵĻȴʱЦʹˣˬ˲Ż˵ʵϻЩˣ˵ǹûʣȴһӵеŮ潣˿ţʵھöġֵԸϲʵҪʲô˵Ǹˣ
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˵ţ칰˹ֳ֣΢΢һЦٵ˵ʲôѪâһѾ˳ȥ

Ҫ˵գۼѾ΢΢˴ƵٶȡȻܿ졣
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ǶᱦīмĲǾǡǶõıһҪ֮⣬ģɾԼġϣȻҪīҪǿĶˡ

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ī䣬ҧгݵš֪ӡӵϹľıôѾ취֮ˡǹƾƷ巨˵ĹȫͿԽֱ֮ɱﻹҪôգ
īŭӡȻƬ֮ȴҲֻ̾һ
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Ȼһȴһļѡ
뵽ݷļ֮īҲȻҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ
ۣٶȻʱȻī죬ʧʡ

ˣһϹľѪԼ¶˳ֻ˶ưոݡ˿޾壬һ֪ͨǿߣô죿
ĸ߿֮ϣڷšżֵǵ
һǿ϶Ŀ΢˵
֮ǰҪɱңҪƽϵı֪κβңǾͱȻὫϢ֪ǿߡһһұǿɱȥ˱ҲΪйõǿߵĽԣǿ϶˵
ô죿ǿ߿ɲȾԲǿߣǿߡаԣ֮ȴѯݡ
޷ԣҲòˡЦһ˵
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ĬƬ֮󣬻˵ȷе㡣
ȷһ˻ˮԭҵȷǿԲ˵ģһϵܵȷظʱ䡣ڣǷȱľʱ䡣ݳһ̾
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ĳɳٶȣԼϵıǮֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ܷٵĳɳ
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Ϊǿ߶˵ռڹرʱᷢһЩ仯Ȼ֪仯ʲôǿͱʾʲôõı仯ңǿ߶ɵڵϹľѪҲûаռȥңǡ˵΢΢һ£Ĳлꡣ
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Ҽǵ˵ӦĲл꣬ȵȫʢʱڻҪǿĶࡣôʣȻҲʶ㶼ܸӦĲлڸΪʲôĲл͸Ӧѵ㣬ָԼԼ䣿ʵ
⡭ԣʱһ˼ǣ
ڵһżΧʱ򣬾Ĵɻ󡣶żôʱ֮ɻ󣬻ϿԵõ϶Ĳл꣬¾ż顣ͣͨżųָı£ͨϢ㡭ԼĲл˵


890 Ȩȡ
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Ȼֻһֲ²⡣Ժܴһ㣬ܹżؽױָϾܹƶһôЩϹ飬ͬԴ
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ǽżʱӦþҪ˰ɣʵϣȴûаЩš
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Ĳл꣬Ȼ֪ЩʲôֶΣǿǿ϶ġڣ̶ֲȣȷҪԶԶǿߡ
ҲࡣĬƬ֮ȴɼˣҲһεĻˮԼǰ¶ǿߵǰ氡
㻹ûôݿһۣЦΪұѡ񣬱Ҫ뿪ż뵽ʱ֮ÿһ㣬Ҳֻ߲ȥĴţȴûзһͨҲ˵ֻҪ뿪ұȻҪҵײϡ
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ǰæһ˻ˮˡΪҶ֡ǲæ˻ˮͬҲˡΪһīĺ¡ôⶼ׬ɣЦѯʵ
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һ漴ȴοɬҪ̸ףҪָҼЩżе飬֮⣬ֻǿҶʮʱ䡣ҪȻǵõؽƷϣ繭һǿ顣ҪȻ͵ٵõʮؽƷ
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мƽϣͱˡ׺˵꣬˽ǾĹâȥӰҲȫʧ
Ӱʧ֮ų³һϣ¶˼ݶЦݡ
һΣҿݻܷӳ죡
ǽˡԼǼӡ֮ڶݲɱ֮ĵˡ

ʮĲռ䣬صһƬޡ
޿ռ֮УһӰϥϴż˼
֮ȴ¶Цݡ
Ϲľû뵽걻һӵˣ¸ǧ꣬ȻٴһݡҲ֪һݣǲǧǰһݣ
лƷ巨ȻڡˡУûƷ巨Ҳࡣܹ֮еߴģǺƷ巨Ϲľ˼ݵСһЩһš
һȴٶȱ۾
ϹľȷĶҲÿõʲôˡȻǿߣȦӵУȻЩˣܵġ


891 ʱ䵽
ʱۣŵķɿ졣
ݿʼʮѰ߲ʹܹõĵؽױ
ʮ߲ʹȴǺеʱһҲһңؽױʵҲô׵õ
ʱٿĸµʱ䣬ָš
һգƵУʯģĵȴš
һʱ䣬죬ӦѾһˡ
ˣµİмɣЩŵѯʡ
ɣݿЦҡͷ֪ãǿһûг֣ʮɡãǿ߳ˣֻһ㲻ֻϣЩǿ߳ȥһ㡭
ԣһ̾
ĸµʱ䣬һؽױﶼûеõսȻûʲôʵԵĽĸµʱҲܹһεĽѡ˼ȥҲֻ뵽һʵеİ취
Ǿǣǿ߻żδȥʱݵȳżȻ뿪
żΧ޷Ԫʶǿ֮⣬ʲôԲµߣֵһϢʱʸûС
ԣֻҪܹǿĴ֮ǰ뿪żΧкܴĿܹѡ
żΧ޷赲ǿתԪ뷨򡣵ǴŵǿҲ޷ؾĸɴ˿ɼؾеѹƣӦҪǿżΧѹơڱǿץס֮ǰؾкܴİܹȹһεĽѡ
ˣƴɡһǲԼôϹľƷأ
ݰš
˵һˣʮ֮ȻҪٽڶε顭ʱûʱȥôࡣ
ȶȹǰΣ¡
뵽ݰĵȴ
ʱһһŹȥ
ʱ֮󡭡
ᡱ
Ȼһ֮𣬾˳˼еݡͷһֻеʯʱȻɢʵİɫâ
һ𣬶һĿӹһ˿ʵһѣһ

ͬʱʮռ
īͷһеɢʰ׹ɫƣӹһ˿âһ顣
Ҳһīɫƣһ֮Ҳһ顣
ɫƣ¶һĨɫ֮Ҳһ顭

׹ɫѵһ˲䣬˶һ̣ݵʶٸһ㱡ʶָʱΧĿռ䣬Ȼ䡣
żһĴɫռ䡣֪жһƬɫ
ݵĸǰԶ֮һţƾնôڿСͬǽ֮ϵһȴȥǹ¼š
һ֮󣬶ʱʶһɨ¶˾ϲ֮ɫ
ûˣ
Ҳ룬ѪâʱȻǹų˹ȥ
ݳŹųȥͬʱ⻪ȻΧ֣Ӱܱߡ
ȻûŪʲô£ֻԼǰһһѪɫâ˹ȥ
Ȼֻһ֮󡭡
ݣãҪӣס
һʱؼһֲԪУһɫߣ˲ͳݱɶȥβƶȥ
ɶ񣡡Ťͷʱͷֵ֣ˣī죬Լˡüͷʱ
ȷӦģ𡣵ȳֵģȴī졣
ֻī֮ϣһƽ飬ɢʵĽɫ⣬ɫߣɫ鵱̽
һͬһķŤٶȿ쵽£˲ǽееݸ˵ء
ؽױӣżΧѹסӡĶⱦˡ
ֻԼ͵һȻԪ˲䱻סͷһѾһɫ߸סˡ
ƾžң
һӦ죬ּǳ֮ϣֱӳһС
ɫźɫĹâ֮ռ䶼Ǹѳһۼ
ǽɫ߷·ĳѹһеĺȻ֮ԷʱȴԵü֮ɫߣʱǶѿ
ʲô⽣Ȼܸҵħ⣿
īʱһ
Ȼе֪ݵĺɫЩ죬ȴû뵽Ȼ쵽̶ֳȡ
⡰ħ顱ڷĵؽױǿǽѹֻ豻ɫâƵһ˿ǾԲǿߣҲҪѹסѳơ
ʲôݣȻֻһУЩħ⣬ʱǸѣ
⵽ʲôƷ׵ı
ī켵ʵĿ⣬ֱĶеķ
Ȼж˷֮ݸ˿֪ͣһϢͶһΣաǿ߲֪ʲôʱͻȵǿֻ֣߳ͱˡ
ԣī˲һΣѪɫâǹųȥ
°
ŭɫ绡ϱһƬǰ
ʮռʱ䷨ҲסңҪǿֲ绡ݳȥȴ˿䣬˵
أֻڽӴһ˲䣬зʱǰһնһʱ㽫˺ѳһӣɵ˹ȥ
ɶ񰡣ŭ⵽ʲôƷ׵
۾ͬҲеķ
ȻѾһˣһοɫеؽױԼǵֹһİԵȻͷݺݵĳ鶯

֮𺣣ȵĻ棬ǰռȫ档
⣬һֱû˵ƵĹ
Ȼ𺣣ȴ¶һ˿Ц
˵˵ʵ㲻ʲôˡ
ǻĻ棬ҲǷǳǿġݽŻѪֱڰ˲㣬̵УҲ㹻Ļԡ۶еĿԡݱľţǻˡ
ǿȴҲκβ
ֻã۾Ҳգֱӳ˻֮СһϢ֮Ѿ˹Ÿǰ
ɶ񣡡
˶ĿһĻһҧ飬Ҳʵ˼㡣
Ʒ巨ҲֻƷ巨ܹĴ
ݣӣɳȺӽԺ󣬽û֮أҲʱݳ˹ȥǷŭ
⻰ףȻǽԼϵܸ֪ǿߡ
Ȿ֮е飬˿ʲô
ЦһǷ֮أλġλԺҪעˣҪһ˳ţ򡭡ߡ
˵仰֮תֱš
׷ɡ
ȻһһȻ˹֮С
ȻĻȴͬһǽ˲佫׷ϵΣ˿Уӿѿŭȴѹֵ顭


892 
ô죿ѵô뿪𣿣
ŭ£ǰĹšȻΣȴͬǦһ㣬˿ǰ
֮󣬾żΧżΧ޷ԪʶġʮռѹһͷǵȵżΧǰϣ
Ʒ巨ôģ
ɶ񣡡īҲҧסݣҲ޵˼¡
Ҳ֪ڳȥԣҲκɧ
ʱȴƽĬ֮󣬻ˣһеǳ֮ƽϰɡ
ˣҲĬȻһҧгݣɫѿ˼¡
ǣĲҳȥֻⴿ׿ռ֮Уɫ֮ǰĵȴ

ˣ㰲żΧ֮ϲأ㰲źûУ
ڰɫռȴʱ򣬶Ⱥּڸ֮ڡ
ǰͷһʲô鼮Ժ֮УȻһ
һ󹧾괫ѾźˡԲǧ㶼ߡ
ţע⣬ҪǸţֻҪʱԷȥˡƵ˵
ǡӦһϣǵܱߣ˲׺ŵˡǣ·Ҳڲʲô
ŶЦһˣ֪ˡ
˵仰ûκϢ
׿ռ֮УƿԱһ齹ļһȴЩп
ϵˣƢȻߣ˼ܡ

żΧ
żرյӣҲ˵ǿ߻żڳЩǿߵѵһ˲ٵߣ³ܵżΧֻһǿߵķɡ
ҲżΧΪżĵطϴЦݣһڵء
Ҳ֪ʮܵõٱӦҲ̫ࡣȻѪȷǿᣬΪϾֻԲԼҲʮҰɣܵõһؽױҲǲСͷһҲˡ
һĵɨܣȴš
˳ˣ
ʱ򣬺Ȼ˾ҲŤͷĿ˹ȥ
һ֮ʶʱ΢΢˴ˡ
ֻżɵľ޴֮УһѪɫ⻪Ȼг˳Ȼڿû˿ͣ٣ȻֱӺᴩ˳
ٶ֮죬żΧĺˮ֮УҲͬ硣
ÿٶȣ
Ҹ壬ʲôΪ
˭ǿ˭
ΧһƬȻһ𾪵ĿѪâ
Ҳ¶֮ɫ
ΪϳѪɫâѪı־
ѵǡ
ʴ˴֮󣬺Ȼ۾һǶܣ
վҪס
ǣȴһΪ⵹ѪɫӰ·Ǽͣӿռг֮˲ǳĴһ׹֮Ѿʧ
ȴ΢΢һüȴ΢ôˣȥĺܣ
ֱϲӦǳʲôˡ
Ҳ˲öʲôӴУݸԼǿȡ˳ʶ˹ȥ

һżΧڰһ漴̼źϱɶȥ
֪ڣԶͣٵʱ
ǿ߲֪жǿЩʲôֶΡɳȺڣûᰲȫԣǵȥؾȽһͷȹȥ˵
ԣ硣
Ѫڰ˲㵱ǿֲޱȣǧ֮µĺҲֻݸеؿ΢ЩơԶﲻ޷ж˵ĵز
ٶȿ쵽£Ѫɫ⻪ӳյΧĺˮһƬѪ졣ĺ
ڴʱݺȻһĿ⳯·żȥ
磿΢΢һ¡
ܣʲô£ڴʱЩȻԺ
ͨƣͨ
һĻȴж
ʮ֮ǰʽ͵ʮֵ֮һʱϵȻڵ
硭ȷǷһЩ¡ݿһ֮󣬻Ǵʱܽϣ¡
ţ˵˵ʲô¡֮󣬲ûйûеֱӾ뿪ֱԵ
⡭ݳһ¡
ʲô⣿˵ʹ㡣ҿ𼱻ǵģǲżʲôˣʴݵĻ
ɫ΢΢¶һ˿Σǵġ
˭ҵˣ
ݳһ¡
ţɻ
ּҺͲ׺šʵĻش

Сӿ԰һɳȺңҲһ漴ȴ˷˵˵ҵЩˣˣˣ½ƽ
ݶʱЦãһ֮εī죬ƣ𡭡
Ǳ߳Ĭˡá
ҵĴϣСӵʲôôͬʱˣʾ
˵һ߷ɣһε˵
ͳ˵ֱӵ
֮£ֻýʮ㷢һУ˵ӡϹľ¶δ
һ£ǳ׵ĳĬ
֮Ż̾û뵽ʮĽȻôѾԲǿ࿹ˡУҲǾ̾
һԲߣܹӲλԲǿߣս˵ȥֻ¶Ҫһص۾
ʸпһ֮΢΢˶٣ʵԣǺ֪ͨǿߣ
ݿЦһֱԲǿ߶ЩǿǿߣûаᡣҲãǿ߶ûгĻ
ҲǸпԼǿûڵһʱԣɹĳ˺ż
ǣꡣԶ̸ϰȫˡǿҪ޴Ρ
ҲΨؾпʱȫ
ǱҲĬ֮Ż׼ȥʲôط
ؾݲûгɣֱӸ
ҲǻȻˣؾȻǿҲ޷Ԫؾݵȷǰȫġ
ǣܲԶؾɣ
뵽͵һҧˣ֪ˡ½ҡһᾡһ𸴡
֮ںеҲ΢΢һ
ȴǳĬ
ллٶȴ
һˣֵܡ׵ض᲻ңȴЦ
΢΢һ˼һ¡Ҳ¶ЦݡΪõĴ𰸣ġ
ɲɻ˵㻹ʱȥؾɡȸ㶨֮ϵ㡣˵
šݻӦһʱû˵ʲô
ݣҲһ
飬㿴һˡ
Ѫɫâƣ磬֮С


893 
żΧ˵껰֮󣬱վֱߵһϣ뿪żΧ
ҿ˿֮һ˹ȥ
εһû˵ľ޴ڽּ֮ͣ䣬Ӵȡһ׵ıƽĽ
Ҳ֪ʲôʣ˲ٵ󷨷ġ
Ԫһ£ûƽ֮ϣƬ֮Ͱ׹ð˳һͷӰ˰׹֮С
СӣҸʲôͷ̧һԼۣûĿ˿ԼıӣĿˡ
ʿͷȴûƽͷˣƤӵ£֣صĵмҪ㡣
һֱͷȫûӦȵĿһۣΪƽأʿɶǽͷģǣ
ͷգһۣ΢΢˵ͷ˵ɡ

ȻٶǰţѪâ֮ΧĺҲܾĴܡһЩ̫õģֱӾͱľ޴ˮײѪĭ
Ѫڰ˲ٶȺ֮죿֮γɾ޴ĳ˵ˮˡЩﲻǿȻ޷ܡ
ֻ˲ӵʱ䣬Ѿ˺ĵλáţȴȥǾʹӺУֱӳƵķ̶ȥ
ݺѾ˲ߡȻЩ֪ȥʲôطȴúǳƤʱ䡣
䣡
ݵΣ磬˲Ϣ֮䣬ѾʧĺС

׿ռ֮ڡ
ԽԽˣһâ֮г֡
Щǽżеˡ
һ֮Ƕ΢΢һɻĿǹ֮Բǿߣվ
Ǵǡ
ϣ
ϣ
һ㶼
ī죬ҴϡƣּҴϡǲ׺ŴϡԣǴϡ
ҵĵӣԳԼҵĴȴĿ΢ͷδ˵ʲô
һĻȴҵӶͷһ֪ǳʲô¶ˡ
£ռ䶼ɢѹϢҲе˼أֻа˼׷ʲô¡
ңּң׺ҵȫԲǿߵ߻û뿪ⴿ׿ռ䡣
ɳȺˣҲȵĿһĻҲеƺǷʲô飬Բǿߺŭ˼һ֮Ҳû˸ͷҲͶվԶ໥ۣǷʲô¡
ԲǿվԭأʵȴڵȴϢ
ݳȥѵżΧȴŲɣУ˼š
漴һ֮ȴҡҡͷ
̫ܡһ֣Ͼͳⴿ׿ռ䣬ɼҲǺ¡һǶԷҲ²һοܻᾪǿߣҪһߣԣ̫ܼżΧ
ǣȴû˸׵߳׿ռ䡣
ԷżΧȴŵĻֻҪһ¶棬Ǿ͸ûӻⴿ׿ռĻᡣ
żΧѹǵԪʶǸطȫ˲ɱǡǿɲðա
ԣȻ˶ϡжϳݿֱӴӺ뿪ˣȴû˸뿪ⴿ׿ռ䡣
ᡭ
ڴʱɫâ˸âʧһһŮӰ˴׿ռ֮С

ӣ
ɳȺ˶ʱˣȻæ񻽵
ģԼΡ
ְ¶˼־֮ɫҲû뵽ȻۼôˡͷһĿһʱ˹ǰҲͬͶĿҴϡ
ҴϵĿ㶼Ƶ˼£䡣û˵
ȻһĻ죬ͷȴһüͷ
ΣֻһֵˡȻδ
šҲҴϣУҲһ˿⡣
ŹţҲֵ֪ܵû뿪üͷ壺ҹЩ̫ðˣκβֵܣпܻὫֵϵܣ֪ǿ߰
ֲǰ׳գΪԲܹӦġȴܹƾһֵ֮ԲǿߵĹôȻ˲õܡ
ʣ֪ҳϵģ˼Ҳ
ݽܵ˹עΪԱ¶ԼܣѲĸϵ
֪ͨǿߣô죿ѯΡ
εĿҲ΢΢˸
ȻҪݵģǿߣҲûκΰ취ҪǿͷĽ֮⣬κεĵڶֿܡ
ǿߣ֮ԲǿҪǿ̫ࡣͲͬն
һڽ÷򣬶һȴѾܹݡ
ãݡǽȻָͬ
ŵ˵ǿֻҪһͷܹþԲǿߣ˲ʧȥǿսط
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ͺżΧһģһ
֮£θǿƴ
˶ǾԲǿߣѾԼĴصġ򡱵ľ硣ǣǲôһ˿
һ˿һ˵Ҳ򵥣˵ѣȴҲǧѡ
ҲһתĳȻԼġ򡱳͡Ҳһһ˿ϰֻڡ롣
УƵıҪĶ࡭ԣ𣬲
ν
ϵߣ
ⲢǾϵһֳνǾµ߶һơ
뵽Ҳһĵȿɡ
֮Ҳֻεĵ˵ͷ
δī˶ԻվԶȴ
ΪҲ֪ݵѾ뿪żʮڣûг
ʱ򣬺Ȼһɫâ𡣽ţһ˫Ӱ԰׹֮У˳
Ůٸ죬˿٣ɢ֮ϡʤѩòһźһ㣬һ˫޾µϢ
˵ĿֻһӴʱӹһ˿ԡţȴȫͷȥ档
˫Ů΢΢˵ͷĿ⿴Զš
ʱīѾӭǰ֮Ź񣺡ī죬档
Ů΢΢˵ͷ·һ֣һͶ㣬ӵһֶǵĵϣҡҷʧԼ
ī죬ҲǽĵͷͲֱλ˫޾µ档
أдһ˿ת޵µ˵໹ö·Ǵ֮ƻãʧء


894 һ
īΪҲͷȻһƣƣΪʧ֮ĻҶġ
ֻһ仰ȴþԲǿʧأǿߵĲж
Ƭ̣īŻعݶʱ죬ͷҲٿһԼ棬Ѿ뿪лƷ巨˵żΧ޷÷򣬲׷ˡ
˵ţ¶֮ɫ
˫ü΢΢һ˶ٺ֪ʲôô
⡭ֻ֪ڶʮǰͻȻֵģʱԴķʽһĻñ߳ϴĿáһаεߣ˺ƾþʶݡȥҹΣʮǰǰη·Ҳһ巨߳ϴһ߷ɱ˺󣬱ʧȥټҲûҵ
ī칧ػص
йƷɱ֮£īѾīе֪ҲǰѰҰΣȴδҵ֮󣬱ҲͲ֮ˡ
īĻشһ˫üѹĸˣĶǡӵУǸֳ˼˼
ī̸Χ˶ԵˣȻ֪˵ʲô֪ƣԼΣȴ㶼¶˼־ȡ
ֵܾȻǶʮǰԴͻȻֵģҲ˵ǹɳȺˣЩȵૡ
ߵΣҲ¶˼־ȡ
Ҫ֪ɳȺλ֮УɳȺܱߣҲвٵϳУгԲ۵ĴڡԲǿҪ뿪ɳȺΣءʵϣȥǿ֮⣬ɳȺˣ뿪ɳȺܱ߰ķΧ
ﷶΧƺ˵ǲ׺֮һڰˡ
ݣȻǴӹɳȺ֮ģʲôطΪλӴг
˶˼
ȴһۣ˱˴еľȡ
ǣһ¡
Ǿǣʮǰҵ͡
ʱݣͰ
һεͣ׿ȺӡڹɳȺҲǳķзΪ׺ּҵĴϣƽض໥֮ĶҲΪĵġʱҲȽϺŪ;Ϊʲô֮һϢ̽ȴ֪߳īŪͣұû̫ϵԺҲûټˡ
ʱīѾ֪дܣΪ˷ֹˣԲԼŪһͣٵҵ˶ϰֻҲΪ˻Ŀ꣬ʵֻһ˶Ѱɣ
ϾһݵģīĶӡִ壬ϵ֮Ҳˡ
аţ΢˼һ֮󣬺Ȼڵȳȥ˵ɡ
˵ţǳŹŷȥ
ƻڹǰȻˣ鹧ĺܡ
漴ɳŵʱһ׹⣬Ȼڴ׿ռ˸
ʱͣΣŤͷ˰׹⡭
һǳɫĿ꣬԰׹У˳
ϣޱȵЦݣһĿӹܣЦݸʢֵͦġ
һ⿡꣬һӭȥ档
棡
Χˣ֮⣬㶼ǿ깪
ЦݺǺƣ΢΢˵ͷ֮˻ЦˡţȻˣʲô
϶¶һ˿Цݡ⿡꣬¶һȻϢ̲ס˿û־˵ѹȸС
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Ŷ¶һ˿ɫЦôӵģ
𵱼ǽ֮ǰʶ˵һ飬ͷһĵܣûס𷣡˵ţҲͷ
֮ȴĿ΢΢һǹɳȺˣ
īԣƺġص
գһ۾¶˼µ顣
˵ʲôߣһâ˸һµĿ꣬԰׹˳
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⿡꣬ٶȹ
ƣҲӭ΢档
ּҵ档
ĿӹܣԱһЦĲ׺棬Լǰͣ˵һĮ֮΢һ漴Ŷ΢΢˵ͷſơ
ô£ֱʶѯʡ
ˡƹص
ÿüͷʱһ壺ô£
Ʒ巨̫кɫҲ̫졭īħĽ֮ˣĺɫһУֱƿ˽ˡżΧ޷ʶȥ׷ȴҲðĻƷ̫ǿˡƹػص
ʲôţѯʡ
ں棬һֱûϢӦѡֱӴӺ뿪ˡƼص
üͷ΢΢һѹ漴΢΢˵ͷ̧ͷܣüˣȳȥ
ԭһͷˮǿߣ֮΢漴ȴֲҲǿߵĻ֮󣬳Źŷ˹ȥ
ĻҲԶÿһͨҪ뿪ˣȴû˸ҿ֮ڵģ㶼·СΪ뿿ǲҿ
棬ɲܹµġ
Ҳ߰ɡ
쿴һĻ˼΢һ£漴ǴΡ
γһ£Ҳ΢΢˵ͷ
£ҲȺŹŷȥ
죬Σһ¡
ʱǿ꣬ȴȻһüͷֱӿڵ
ξ㶼һ𣬴ӸԵжһ˿ɫ
漴ȴòͣ
ǡ
˹ĳſ񡣶꣬ȴüͷû˵
һĻȻδ뿪ǿߵУһ¶˾ɫ
Ȼķˡ£ǣĴϣǣ˱ɳȺλ
ͷǺ棬׷ʲô¡ʱȴû˸ͣ㶼ǿ뿪ˡ
ʱ׿ռ䣬ֻʣּ棬棬׺棬ƣī죬𡭡ԼԽѿȻЩ죬ΰˡ
֣£ʲôҪ˵ô׺棬ϴ͵Цݣȿˡ
֪ʣּЦһ£󻺻Ȼϵܲ١¶ϹľɫԼƷ巨ѾԶˡţֲ᲻ģǰɣ
׺治ÿɷʼ磬ЦЦ֮ȴû˵


895 Ҳ
ô죿Զ棬
Ժ飬ҲӲʲôطȥڣ̸̸һ°ɡּȴ΢΢һЦҡҡͷ
üͷ΢΢һ漴ȴҲûж˵ʲô
ּĿ⣬Աߵζ˿ȥ˵ʱһ
ĵӲСּ濴Σ鵭ĮĻڡ
ͷһһͷҡ
ңҿҲûʲôҵġּȴ΢΢ҡҡͷżᱦƾ²١ΪȴǶˣ֮Ĺ֮¡ľҲ׸ȴһ䡭ΪʱҪǡǿɷ
ɫѿ˼㣬ȭͷб
ǴʱȴұֳֻΪǿߣ̫ǿˡ
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˵˵ʲôˡ֮Ĺ֮¡Ǹ޻̸֮
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УԴսʲôУտڰһ䡰СͿô
Ȿнһֹ򡣷죬Σͽˣô£
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һҴȥļؽױļȫ黹֮⣬ÿˣóؽױͽ䡣ּ浭Ŀ˵
仰ȴΣ㶼ɫ䡣
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ǵõıͲ࣬еʱһܹ̽õһؽױѾܲˣһȻҪɳġеʱһò
ԣϣҲֻˡ
һΪҵı΢һЩôۻҲǲ
ıȴһ뵽֮ĺȴֲò֮ҧͷ˵ؽױʵЩΧˡǲǸûôࡣЩõı󲿷ֶҪɳ棬һҲ֪ġԡ
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˵仰ּ濴ԱһЦģ棬ֿ˿Զ˫棬Цһβ׺ŵʧļﵱУڲ׺š˵һŶˣһͽӡ
˵ּٶȿɫ԰ףһҰܵ쵭һεжһжеͽΪɶ񡣲һ߷ܵһЩͷǣ֮ǰȴбﶼżһ㣬ȴǲԭ¡
ҲܵһѵȻˡһɡؽױ֮ڣּǻȥ֪һ
ּԵޱȣ򵥵һ仰ҪһԲǿߣؽױ
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ּĵ˵ͷֿǿߣЦ˴λɻ⣿
ģĲ׺棬΢Цּ棬Ŀȴӹһ˿˼֪ʲô֮΢΢Цŵ˵ͷû
Զ˫֮ȴü΢˿ԶΣһ֮΢ͷûж˵ʲô
ãǾɡּ˵ͷ漴ȻĿεڣϵĵؽױɡ
λ㶼һ漴ȴǵͷʼȡԼĵؽױ
ȡģϡϣЩʹ࡭
ؽϱ顣ӵԼʶܶǿߣԼĵؽױӵмĸ顣
죬Ҳ⡣
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һԳ֮ԣȴҲ֮ԡ
򣬺û򣬼ֱȻͬĸ
ԲǿǿľǷ֮Ȼˡ֮󣬱롰Уֶ֮޷ʩչ
𼶱ǿߣѾݷĵز֮ԲĽãǿ˲֪ٱ
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ڼΧһƤҲһ
γĬȡԼĵؽױּ棬Ҳδżߴ٣ֻǾĵȴš
Ȼһֱû˵ƣī죬˿һĻȴûһ¶ʲôɳ֮ɫһĳĬУмȻ
𼶱ǿߣ˵ˣʵԲǿֻһ߶ѡ񿴵ԼͬȼǿߡǵˡǿǿǿȽԼбУʵҲʹ졣
һֺ΢ĸо˵壬ȴ˳Ĭԡ


896 
λȡԼĵؽױһ֮УȴԽԽŨ
ؽױﲻʲôֱ裬ȴԽܣѹֵǼҪը
ǶҧѪУȴҲ޵˼¡
µ֮ˣҲޱּ档޵ģԼ
ԼܣԼǿһЩҲǿߣôڣּ棬˱
ԺУͷš
һܵĸԣΪֱܣȴܡ꣬ò˽ΪǷŭǿߣҪ³Ϊ
ɷ졣ⲻе·ϵһۣĥԣܹߵĸԶһЩ
ȻıȴУľһ졣ίȫ׳һ
ͷ໥ս˭ҲѹƲס˭ᵽ˼£Ҳʹൽ˼¡
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Щһܽ
һԴһ˿ᶨȻ
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ī죬ƣ𣬾㶼𾪵Ŀֱš
ּԱһֱĬţȴ΢ЦģĲ׺棬εĻ֮۾ȴͽȻһµĿ˹ȥ
Զ˫棬УҲ¶һ˿ȣĿΡ
˵ʲôּݣȴۿΡ
ξɫ֮ϣ΢һ˿𪡣΢һ֮Խƽᶨ
ӭּ΢Ŀ⣬ȴǺη֮šԽƽ˵Щһܽ
ٶ˵仰
Ǳߵī죬ƣٶˣĿΡ
ʣһˡ棬ҲǲµĴˡ
ǣΪΪԵʡֻҪֵĵطһеķɣԱķɷȥ
Ȼһ̣ɫˣʱһƽᶨ飬ּǿ˵ֵʱȴ֡ϣɢһɾĶǵ˿ѷɫ棡
ǣ𣿴ŭ棬ֻһͷͿԽ֮ѹҲӲ
˴ĿţšδµΪ
ǿؽױȻҪʧȥǾ̫ˡ
ҲĿŮӣһʱ䣬Ǵסˡ
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֮ϣ¶һ˿ɬ
ΣҲ㡭
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ּĿΣУȴ̺һ˿Ũɱ
һԲǿ߷ּݸоģҪĳ嶯
ֻһ̬ȡҪεıɱΣȡҪĸԸЩΰ첻εƽᶨ΢΢ҡҡͷ˵
ΪҲɱ㣿ּɫ
ҲΪ治ɱңҲͬΪûμ֣εıģΥԼԸ顣εԽԽƽ֮У·ĳһϵʣԽĴȻ
һĻΧ˵Уǵϣ¶𾪵飡
ʡʡ
ī죬ƣ𡭡ǵͷƤȻǵĿ⣬ɵĿԶ桭
¶ʣ棬һƣ
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˶סˣɵɵĿԶݶƽΡ
ǶǾԲǿߣֹ꣬һ˿˵ףҪˣȴǧѡֱͬһǵ
Ȼ񣬾ǰΣȻǴһ˿
ּŭˣһߡ
һŭأ·һ˲ͣоԲǿߣһ˲Ӧأ·γһֲޱȵȫ˵С޷ж
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һŭ֮£ǿߣˣ
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˶ΪһּͻֱӽλɱʱһֱĬŵĺ꣬ȴǺȻЦſˡ
һڣ˶ʱеΧǵȻʧһ𾪵񣬿
ּУҲӹһ˿ɵ漴üͷ׺֣ʲô˼
ϣ¶һ˿졣
Բǿ߸ӡ׺һ֣Щá
ǺǣϢŭм仰Ҫ׺ȴǺǺһЦȻȻľһֺ׽Ϣ˲֪øдּ棬֮Ҳֻһüһ֮ĿΣûٶ˵ʲô
׺濴ΣµЦʵǰɣ
ǵ档΢΢ʱΧĲ׺棬ҲЩøС
ǺǣǼ棬ȴûкĹ졭㣬ؽױ֮ˡȻ󣬵ȴ޷Լȡʵϣκα޷Լȡ֪ԼֵĶ֣Ҳ֪ǷȻҪɱ¡ôΪʲôҪ᲻Щؽױ
׺¶ֺѯΡ
ȻΣȴ΢΢ҡҡͷǵؽױĹϵ
ŶΪʲôҪ׺µ飬ԽŨ
γĬƬ̣󿪿ڵΪġ
ģ׺Цݸʢ
ǵģġ΢΢˵ͷŵżᱦƾֶΣ쾭顣죬ͽ֣ȡֶȻʣн磬ȴʲô˵顣ΪҾôһ·߹ġ
Ϊ֮·֮·Դ·ϱزٵһ飬ҲеġԣβΪԼʲô
ּ棬ȴȫ̷εġ˵ġǳͷʵοҲһֻ֡촦ھԵƣ֡Ͳ̫ˡ
οԽ᲻ɱȴּܽ˵ġܽ⡮ȻҲ޷εıġĲԸʹκ̸УپãҲʬˡ
֮·֮·棬ȴ档򣬺죿
ε󣬵ȴͬӴ֮ī죬ƣ˵ĶУȴ
ϣ¶ʵ΢Цī죬ȴݲ԰סƣ·һ˿˼򡭡
棡
ȴ棡

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897 и
ããһ棬Ĳ氡
׺վǹЦεУŨ֮ɫȴٲ˿Ρ
ԶҲӹһ˿ʣ˸ȴҲ֪ʲô
ΨּüͷȴǽεĿ⣬Ҳ
֣һҿҪָˡ֮·֮·ȻᣬȻǸƾֶΡȻֶμһ㣬᷸ЩһΣô˰ɣ׺Цһ֮󣬿Աߵּ档
ּɫȴѿ˼¡üͷĿⶢΣȴû˵
αּ㶢ţȴȻݶƽ
׻˵޴¡Ѿ͸Ȼںּˡ
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ּĿ⣬ԽУȴŭ˼¡
Ū󣬷СˣһʼҲǵͷˣֻڿŮǱˣѾ͸л򾳣ʱı˰ɣ
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˵ĿƽĿΣġҵġҵġǣ˭ʲô£˺ּҵ档ıǲԸҵıȴҪ㽻׺ҲҪıԣļ黹ּҵһҲÿһͽӡٸʮϢʱ俼ǣҪôԼҪôɱ㣬ȻԼáѡ񡣡
ּޱȣΧԲǿߵĶУ׹ߡ
ǱǷӦ˹֪Ļǵûı⣬ɱˡ
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˵޷ܡҪñɱΣԼáԼܽȥġεƽƽ
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Ϳ˵һףһ׵·Ȼֱָģô룬ô
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ǣͷͻȻ˹
ǰҪ죬ԼıĶ̸ܼ֡ʲô죿ʲô죿
ԣ˵Ļ
ο㲻˵仰棬Ļᶯֹּ棿
Ҫһʺš
ּϾһ壬棬һּ֮ǰĻҲ˵ķǳ׺ŵ飬ּҲʲܡּʲô飬ѵҪ׺ܣ
αϾǡˡһ¡᲻Ϊò׺ּҽһʺš
ԣûԥ˵ⷬΣҲûԥĵͷ
桭Ⲣ˵˵еġҪȥġ
춼̹ȻĿּ棬ĿûκξȥѾȫ֮⡣ֻԼĲ
ӣѡ֡ܺá
ʮϢʱ䣬ת˲ּĿ⣬¶˳ɱ⡣
һ仰ʱ䣬أȻ̡
εΣһ˲䣬Ҳܶ
Ȼּ棬ĿУûа
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Ӵʲô
ȻʱһԴֺ
ԭ飬㶼һæķȥ
׹ȥһߴӰ˳ֳģȴһֲޱ߷ߴ󣬵ȴûм뷢Իͷӡ
ͷӵۣĿųһĻ
˵ġ
ͷӵĳ֣棬Լּͫף΢һľԲǿߣæ档


898 Եͷ
ߣĴǿߵеһλ
Ҳʵϵ
˹ͷһЦ˵ͷĿ⿴Լ죬ּֿ̧ƣȴһЦСǷʲôˣСҲһƽϣ
˵䣬΢΢˻֣⣬֣ס˵죬ʱһɡ˻ع񣬶æͷ΢񣺡档
һĻԶ棬Ŀ͵һͷĿ֮УȻ˼˿ɵ
ּƳּƣ˵ףҲϾⲻġ򡱡
Ҫ˾һ㡭£ҲΨˡ
ϸ磬һһϷͷתȴǴȤĿЦ
ŶʲôϷͷҲһ档
ɳȺӣΣѾ͸ȻСҿϸǽǽǺܿͿһ򾳡ǿŶ
֪ǳһʲô˼Ц˵
ŶͷһԣҲʱŤͷΡһ֮УҲǷһ˿âϲ쳣ͷʺͱ飬ȷһ˿ˡ
ͷֱ׵ĿޣΣ֮ҲɳһĨϼЩ˼ӡ
飬û̫ı仯
ҲȻε֮²ôһ˿ġ֮ĶҪǿడ
̾ѡ
Աԭųеī죬ԼԣɫʱǳһƬͨ죬޲Ҹطȥ
ɲʲôǲ׺ŵɫѾǵĺдˡ
ҷ
Ӹղŷһϵ¼ԼҲóϡȷûԼľ
棬ĲΥ仰˵ףҪȴǧѡ
ҪԼ֮⣬ǿҲִ
ھ־磬̫Զ
Ĳ˵ͬԼһ㣬ƽݣͬԴͬǿһǿ߶ԻĵӣûС
Ϊ㣬ԼĵҲͲ㡣ȻܴݲȵһʱԼɱĴڶԻ
ⱾҲĺܡƫоҪһŸȨġġ
˶治ˡ̸죿
ˡֱԼıĲԸǿǿ¡ҲˡȻεĵ㲦֮£ġڡɻ֮ܽ£ȴǶǿ䳰ȷ̶ȼֱλҪй֮޲
룬ȴҲòϡˡ
Լгһ£Լó֮Աȣһ°ԹĿԼһ̾Ϣ档
ŶͷҲ죬ƤЦĿͷʱһۣЦʲô
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ʲôÿĵģͷ۾һ
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ġġ棬ϿɲΥԼıġһ˵
ͷʱ۾һɣһ֮ȴѿЦ˼˼
Ц֮ͷȴ΢ЦԣҪȸΪʲôŭּ棬Ҳܾ׾Ȳ㡣
Ըġ֮󣬵ǿ϶˵
ͷһЦȴǿ죬죬渵ʮ죬Ρ
£ǽԵԼ㶼˵˳
Ļͷ˴֮󣬾һֱɫּ档
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Ȼͷɫȴͬµһ㣬˵ͱ䡣ǰһ뻹Цһȴŭ£иǰҲֱּƿڴżᱦȻǸƾֶΣͥߵһҪ˵С֮ķ϶ҲһȴǸʲô˼ұɳȺ˺۸
ּĻʱͣиðŭ𣬻ǲۿͷ
ʲôɣ׼ġġġҲСġҲСӵġǣɳȺˣܸʲôӶҪһ֡
ͷޱߣֱһ䡰֮ǰͥһĮ˵Ҫͷ죬ζ֮ͬ
ּҧסأĿĶͷ
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ǣ仰Ѿӿɤ۶ȴһ仰Ҳ˵
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ͷֵ˵š
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ĸɶӡ
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˶ǵһ뵽ؼ
Ȼͷû˵ﻰ˼ȫֱָݰ
ݣȻͷĸɶӣ
һ룬ݶʮǰ֣ڡΪѾﵽԲսѾԲ࿹⡣ûʲôڱһ㣿
һżҲʹõıɳȺ
ѵģͷô֪ģû˸Ļ
ֱܹϵͷˣǿɵָΣҲ޷ϵġȻֻйϵܵˣܹϵ
һ֮ɫ㶼Щ仯
ȻǶΪֿԺܴ
ֻ΢һ漴ָƽ
ɫҲ΢Щ仯дһ˿ƵЦݡȻϣݵı󣬵ȷд󱳾
Ψһɫ仯ģּͥˡ
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һҧĿԹĵͷһ֮һһ˦ۣȻǺɵģֱӾͳŹŷ˳ȥ
ƼһĻҲĬĸȥ
һΣͥǶˡ
Ҫһģ˭֪ȴ塣֮ǲ׺ͬʱΪζʱֱ꣬ĸо̬֮ǿӲӲҪ֣ȴͷǿѹ
ĻҲͷĻһһĲֵ˿ûǿߵеϡ
ڣҲܶԸˡ
֪ͥԼֻ黹ĸ㡣ԣڵ֪Ҳ޷Ը֮ѡ뿪


899 һ
ͥ뿪ˣһŭͷҲûпڽͣΧ˵鶼Ǳòݣ˼ͷһ۱󣬵ʲô˼
棬һʱԵЩ
ī죬߰ɡ
ȿڵģ档˫֮ϣֳ˼ת俪ڡ
ǰһϵбŪЩûлعī죬ʱһ֮ǰīͷһζˣĿ˸Ų֪ĽǼʵĹ󣬶תĬŷ˳ȥ
ˣûʲô£Ҳˡϸ磬ʱȾơ
Ŀ˸Ų˼󣬶һĻ΢΢һЦ˵
ٺ٣У»ȥ׺ţɵȸ׼ٽ𡯲С
Ⱦƣͷԭŭ飬ʱͱһƬϲҰһڴ
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ڨڨЦһлᣬлᡭţ߰ɡ
˵ţתŹŷȥ
Ҳͷ΢񣬶ٸȥ
СǱӵΣͷֹһԱһֱû˵εǿЩţʵĿڲһ֮ǵı󿴣˵ʲôֱģֱǷƨ
˵ţҡͷһмӡ
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׿ռ䷢Щʲô£Ȼǲ֪ġʱںвͣķš
ٶȿǿ쵽۷壬ȻںУкˮٶȣȻûжٱ仺
ƵҲľˡܿͿԵִ
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˵ƺʲôãԸ顣ѹϵȴкЩһָС
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˵ţ΢΢˰֣Ц˵ʵ뵽ң˵統ĻְҿĵĽԺЩͲض˵ˡ
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ɫҲһż֮еõļﵱУ֮⣬Ψһһı
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ԺһҪżʱⱦﲻ£ĲܡȻȴҡҡͷ˵
⡭΢Цҡͷ㰡Ըһ治֪˵ʲôˡ
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˵ţӹеɫ
ͷһ֮ЦؽƷһܴ󣿡
һҪһ磬ϵĵؽױƫĸģݼ±¶һ˿Цݣѯʡ
ңʴ˴Цѵ㻹һ
΢΢һЦȴδش
ʿһ£ЦҵıȽƽ⣬ڿɹصġ
ԣһ֮󣬴ӴȡһҲŪʲô͵ıҹӦڷĵؽױΪĳЩԭѾɢֻҪһ꣬γµ顭
˵ţݸʡ
һ棬˹ȥ
ݵõĵһؽױɫķ
ܣ㵽׵õ˼ؽױﰡЩȵѯʡ
ͷЦ㲻һõ
ȴʱһɴ۾ŹֵĿݡ
ݲ˼ڨЦһµı˵ġ


900 ²
ǵģһɫҵī֡һǱȭף
ʹŹֵĿݣúȴһ̾ЦСӵˣǲ
ҲԥӹݵݹȥɫЦˣҾͲСӿˡ
¶Цݣ˵ͷ
ùϸЦȥȷǷб
ؽѾɣûʲôϷµ󷨷ģȴȻֳ䲻֮
Ҫģǳȡһؽ֮УͿγµˡ
ȻȻû֮ǰġţǿ󣬵µؽױҲСҲʲô⣬ֻҪȡͬԴ꣬Ϳ׳ˡ
磬ȡޣôֻҪɱޣ֮УͿ׳ˡؽܣҲ𽥻ָ
ȻһȻصġΪĶӣʶԴҲİǡ
ڱ鵽ôˣҲûд̳ʵסҲŲٵܡȻĺأҲֲԵĶ塣ȻὫݵʵһ
һٳԺȡ
˶ܣ֮ʲô㣿ʺѯݡ
֮ΪһƿҪط򡭡еˮԵĹɳȺ࣬ˮǲ١ҽҸطչһʱ䡣
ݡɡϰԲĵز֮ҪͱҪطˡ
֮΢˵ͷ֮Բ֮˾֮⣬ҪĻԴڰ˲ڣϵҲѾõĲˡ⡭
οɲҪˡȴһЦҪ鷳һΡͷмؽױʱҲòϡԣҪҽЩؽױˡǿǿߵȦӣЩӦ׳ְɣ
⵱Ȼû⡣ʵǺԥһЦպùһ£ͷҲҪµõı֡ʱҲͿˡ
ԣʱ΢΢˵ͷ
һ£պһЩ׼
һٳԺȣֱգɢȥ
ҲԼãһ֮ٵûϡ
뿪ˣݳ˼һ֮Ҳתȥ

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ڹɳȺ֮ʮĺԶ࡭ЩطżΪǿޡ
ЩطȺӵĳƷƷǾƷޡЩطдǿƥ𼶱ۡ
⣬ҲǲˣһҲ뿪ɳȺԵɡ
۵ǿᣬýֺͷ룬Ҳ֪һǿˡ಻͡ҪЩǿˣҪһ³
ˣһ˵Ը⵽ɳȺ֮ĵطΪ̫Σա
ǣƷϵڵǼıֵǧƷʯνΪΪʳԣɳȺ֮Ļߺ򼫶˿ֲ׼Ѳ⡣ɻвԳΪˣԸգ⺣ɱһЩޣȻعɳȺۣȡԼҪԴ

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һ֮ڶУ֮УǵصģɰǧͷİںУУĳһĵŽ
һټ߲ʹ֣ĵһֵСʮУݲ԰׵ĻɢŸɫâάſеĹ֡
磬ÿ취ȥֲ˶˰һڵӣҧĺšϣðɫĹâ
˵ҪҼˣǱǺˣһȥΪһҧгݡ
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ʲô˼ΪǸˣ˵ˣҪɱ⻢ޣҪ֮ϵϣȻٻɱѪҺ뺣ˮУȻʮ֮ĻҲŵȺޣ໥֮伫ΪŽᡣɱһͷ͵ǴŭȺƫţҪֱӻɱˬˣˣ˭˶ʱŭ˳
㣡ͷŭʱۡ
ͷҵĴ˵ˡһɬһݲ԰׵ӡ
Ρͷ죬ȴʲôҲû˵
۴ˡԲ𡭡ݲ԰׵ӣɬ˵
˵ɫѿ˼£һ˵Щʲôãߣ
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һЩţͨͷܵġ
һ֧ڹɳȺȦӵҲżΪ׵ͷԱһҲǿĺܡһԼʵһͷ޵ʱ򣬱ֱëԼҪ֡Ҳ뿴ʵҲ֮֮
ƷޣΪڣбȻƷȴҲƷбȽϲıһ֮£Ȼǽǻ޸ֱնɱˡ
һĻȴΧԱݴ䣬Ȼǳ˵ֱںնɱ޵ġ
ʱΪȻЦ˵İɣ⻢Ҳɱ˲ֹһͷûз˵顣ͷȻҲ䵥ģֻҪǼʱ뿪Ͳκġ
Աŭˣű޶Ⱦ˵ĺǵϵѡ뿪
һ·ʱҵһĵͣϸȷûл׷΢һЩҲЩ⣬ԱЩʢ֮µߵСоԼŸӵһЩ
ǣЪϢʱ֮󣬽ѿʼˡ
Ժг˳Ƿ˷Ľ
⻢ȺһȺһ㶼һͷÿһͷҲӵƷ޵ΪǿһЩģԴﵽƷһȺˣΪǿߣҲǰڶѡңֻһǰͷƷ޵Ķ֣
Ҫһ׷󷨣ֻѾЩ޸ʳˡ
ǣʱƣ󷨵ҲǼڣҲֲ˶ˡ
ɶ񰡣
һ㶼ѿ˼£Ժп˼Ÿô졣
ô󵨵࣬Ȼ¾ҵҪ֮Ѫ
Ȼʱһ񵽼µģҲŭµȴȻը졣˵ɫʱ䣬̧ͷȥ


901 ѹһս
ֻһߴǧɵľ޴Ӱһŭ֮󣬳˳
Χһģһֻǵʮ񱩶ſѪ쵱УоһݣĺĹ
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˾˳˵ɫһƬҰףû˿Ѫɫ

ǿǴ˵еľƷްֲԵޱȣ
ֻһ⿴Ƽ̵ķҪʱˡ
ӴԵޱȵΣХŷ˹ſѪڣһֲޱȵĹ⻪
񱩵طȻ䡣
˵࣬һͣ٣һҪ˵ֿ
Ȼʱ򡭡
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һͻȻǻĿдȻ˵ĿⶼȥֻһѪâ֪ʲôطͻȻ֣˻ߡ
ʱһУȻ־塣
Ȼţ˲ŵĿ֮УеĹâɢ壬ȻֱڿУ롭
·𣬱ĳӴֱӺնһ㡣
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ȻǸղſʲôֻѪâһǿԵµĻȻֱӾͱնΣ
⣬ʲôΪ
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˶ɴ۾ſС
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һʧַŭޱȵ漴ڻĵ֮˾͵Ŀ֮УһŻĹӰֱӱ˳
ꡭ⣬ȡꣿ
˶ɴ۾͵Ŀš
ֻУһѪɫӰƾնУһɫȭסһȦ쵽µ߲ʹ⻪ɫȭ֮ڻľ޴֮ϡ꣬ڱţ¶ŭ⡣
Ѳ˵ģԹԳϷóԿͷ
һʶĮ
ҵ꣬飿Σΰ
Ȼǻȴšһʱ䣬ǱȭĹ⻪Ҳκβ
ƲԳԷơ
ȻʵĮȴûаֲ˵һ֮Ȼһɫ⻪ü֮Ȼ˳Ȼǻꡣ

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ͬʱǱȭϵĹ⻪ʢ
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ȻηŭȴҲֲסǿ߲ʹ⻪ǣȻ飬һ⻪Ǳȭ֮С
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һ˲䣬壬·һѪɫߣٶȿ쵽˼£·ˣ
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ȻеѪɫӰ˿ҲûЩ޵ķȻƽվš
߲ʹȦԽԽǿڣһͷͷ޵꣬ͬһӰһ㣬ףȡȥ
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ʱУأֻлķ֮֮⣬
ڣһͷ޵꣬ҲǱ˱׵С
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ۡУһööȭͷСڵӿѪɫӰֻһ֣öڵ㶼ʧ
Щ֮ǵѪɫӰ·ŤͷһԶĹͷˡ
˵壬һ˲䣬˼¡
ͻȻֵѪɫӰ̫ǿˣǿֱǵֻһϸ΢ĶǲޱߵĿ־ţ׹ѡ
ãѪɫӰֻǾĿһۣת뿪ˡ
ȻֱѪɫӰ뿪ãЩˣŻĻع
̫ǿˡˣ̫ǿˣ˶Ŀ漸Բʮ﷽Բ˵Ļʬ塣뵽ղʱ䲻ȴľս
ѹǳ׵ѹ
ƷҲѹǿߣǾϵĴڡڣҪǿ
ջ꣬Ҫ顭飬ǵؽױеר
̫ǿˡ֪ǹɳȺλǿߣ˵ǹɳȺ֮ˣ
һʸԺУǲ²ղܡ
ΣһѹһսҪǼ̣ǡ
ǻ߰ɣѪζ̫ˣ޵ʬ壬϶ޡ
ڣ˻ع˵
ٶȿһ·Ļʬ壬ת롣
ãһʢ磬һƬߣǿޡ


902 
ʱȻš
һº
ɷá
磬Ϊ֡
ڣóؽױʵС
һǱȭףһǺɫ
ؽױ֮ϣŨԡȻѾӵ顣
ʽӹһ̧ͷݣЩȵ̸ۣڹɳȺΧһǿߡеؽױЩ޵ꡣһʼҾͻ㡣ӣȻ㰡
ʿɼǵ˵ϵĵؽױ飬Ϊĳԭĵˡ
֮΢΢һЦȷҡ
ҪЩؽױȻҪŪһ򣬼ֵȻۿۡһȥɳȺΧɱޡ
ΪҪͬԴ꣬׳רѡһЩǿȺ޶֡ɵĶȷǲС
ԽԽǿ˰Ĳ˵ǻǾƷн׵ޣǿߣҲþѹȴɾͽƷˡʸ̾
ȴ΢΢һЦû˵ʲô
ڿԲǿҲܶ൱ǶԷûʲôԵĵؽױŹܣԲǿ߶ܹɱɱһͷʲô
У¾ͰϡͷһһҲҪʱ䡣ʮ꣬ꡣʱٽȡ㡣ʸ̾һ֮󣬽ؽױֱЦ
ȻҪôãȴһ
Ҫ֪ǿߵٶȿǷǳġˣҲôãɼ·;ңԶ
ģϾǹɳȺֻһССȺˣǿߵľۻᣬȻǿ߶ĴȺ֮ϡɳȺǳԶȴ˵
磬ܸ˵˵ǿߵôݺȻЩѯǿߣǰ֪ҲͰˣ֪ˣȻǺĽ
ǿߵ飿΢һ£üʵҶȦһ̫Ϥͷ˵øԶûʲôôԺܶʱȥμǸȦӵľۻҲҡҵݣɳȺ֪˲࣬ҲΪԵʡ
ԣʱЩʧԭˡ
ʼЩʧ֮ĿȾ֮£ҵҲ֪һЩ顣˵Բ֮ľ磬Ϊ򾳡ǿֻһƣ򾳡ľ֡
򾳣ݵһ֣ʱ۾һ
ţ˵Բĳ֮󣬾ͿԲݷ򣬴Ӷγһ֡򡯡⡮򡯣ǡ򡯡򡯵ˣ˵ȫһƬصס㿴ЩԲǿߣΪζǿ磿Ϊǿߵġ֮£Բǿߣһ˿ĻᶼûС˵ţҲЩ
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š˵Ҫﵽ򾳷ǳѡһǧԲǿߣҲûһﵽ򾳡ʸп
ԲһĪĸ߶ȡ⵱в֪ҪٵĻԵ츳ֲִܵΡһǧԲǿߣֻһܴﵽ򾳡Ҫִ򾳣һּˡ
ᵽݷ𼶱ӣ򾳣Ӧþһֲݷľ硣Է֮γɡ򡯣з򡣾ԲǿߣȻ޴ӵ
аš
˼Ƭ֮ҡҡͷһ֪ˡţʱ䳤ҲûʲôҲҪչһʱ䣬鵹Ҳż
ҪݱҪúһ¡ѧЩӣ֮ΪɵԵʣ뷨ͷһԡ֮ԵһֱǶʹѪ͸ûٶᷨ
ΪҪٽһͱҪᷨˡ
ǿˣѪǿվҲһޡ򣬲ٿط򣬲
ǿߣǺܺõӡ
ѪﵽھŲ㣬ͲǿߵĶ֡
ǿߣȻҲǿġѪҲֻܶԸȽһǿߡɼѪվоԵġֻûơ
ȻȻлƷ巨˵׼𼶱ϵ巨ĿǰͷûУҪһʱ䣬ķúõһ¡
ˮ̬֮
ƽˮ֮ľ硣оȻвСջ
⣬Ȼһ͵顣Ҫʱ䡣ʱҲòʲô顣
ǾͺáҲЦŵ˵ͷ
˵¼ԳԺȺȣ˵˵ЦЦֱա
峿
磬Ҵչһʱ䣬ʲô£ͨҰɡʶ˽õ棬˵
Сһ˵Ӧûʲô顣һЦ˵ݸпСʱˣڷܡҲ뱻㶪̫ԶҲŬ˰
ҲΰȴǿЦҡͷҾĿԵУΪĸףڻܹƽҲŬһᱻҵᡭԣȵҲòŬ
һ㣬ݵǿƽıʵѾǷưӿҲʵͷڣʱЩƶֵ桭ݱ˲˼ȡĻͬҲΣա
ǿҪԸʵͷʲô취ϾҲȫʮʱһĸԼߡ
ǿ󣬲ǿʲôɽ֮ģ˵ףġ
֮Ҳ΢΢˵ͷͬҲĳһ㡣
ˣҾȸˡһЦ
šҲҪ֮һ䡣
ġȴЦ
򣬱ȻȻȥִпܻħ塣
֮·֮·ҲǼֱ֮·ϵĻΪٸߣҲûõġΪ߲۷塣
һ˵ȻǺΪ̫֮Уħ
ʵݵ黹ǱȽƽġһ·ӵߡĥҲ١ħаܹն
аգʵҲûٶ˵ʲôֵܶ˴Ǳ֮󣬸뿪

ݴǱ֮һ·űȥ
ɳȺļ紺ʱʱ̶̿ڱɫĺ֮ϡ棬ӳճһ޴ıɫ䡣Ŀѣԡ
һ·ϣʱ뿪˱ɳȺķΧ·ĺҲ𽥱ûһͷͷΣյޣʼС
ݶЩûʲôȤȻǰ
߰˸ʱѾ뿪ɳȺΧ֮ˡ
һʮ۶ɱݵС΢΢һЦȥ
֮ұչصĵطˡ
ڴϣ̧ͷĹˣŵ


903 ʯ
һʮ۶ɣѩǡ
ɳȺļ紺ȻطȴǱѩࡣò˸п֮档
һ޴ޱȵıᴩ죬·Ž׶Ĺ󡣿ܸоһ⡣
Ȼ㺮˵ȴ㲻ʲô
Ȳһƣ󣬱ǿʼԼıչ¡

ݱչأгأѹԼһΪ֮Ͽʼͨһ
ںв㣬տҹһ˯
ѹԼеԪ뷨֮Ѫȫ
·һӣһûаΪͨˡԲǿ࿹ĳǿߡ
żд꣬УĽ࣬Ĺ켣ĴС
죬ѩڣϪҲԳ첻ĶСϪ㣬űѩڵĹ̡
ոգڻˮʱ־Ŀˮڣɢڿ֮С
ѩƮ䣬־ѩƮѩĥĺۼ
׵˸ڶ֮ڣ̧ͷ׵硣վڷУűźˮ
һʼڸʲôȻʱƣһһ죬һһ£һһꡭԼ·ԼĿġ
Ŀ⣬һһȻʣȴһһģһ˿Ȼ͡
̵У˿ûȥʲô˼ʲôôȻĸţš

ʱ䣬һһš
ꡭ
ꡭ
ʮꡭ
һˣı֮ϡЩµУɶɹһ¡
빭飬·ҲӦʲôʮ굱УҲӲ˵ݣҲûҹǡ
ǾĿݡ
һһģݵľ·ҲĳĪı仯ԽԽ̹ȻϵʣҲԽģض
תۼ䣬ʮ

ʮ£˳һУһּѵõġҡ硣Զ볾ƽû˿
ɳȺ֮ϣһĻĻɱᱦգȴȻʱ޿̲ͣš
֮·֮·֮·
ˡƽͬСᡱĲп뼤ҡ

ҹ
ɳȺ⣬ĺ
ããһƬһ޼ʡȥĴֲ
Ȼҹɫ֮УӰȴڿзš
磬һǵõ˲ٵĲƸӦѾԹһ鵤˰ɣ
Уġ
һͷϴ˷ܵ飬˵
鵤ƷҩӵǿߣֱһСεǿЧ
磬ǿߡֻҪһö鵤ֱڡԴơԲ֮󣬱ûЧˡΪֻµ߷á
ЧǾˡȻ۸Ҳǲ쳡
һö鵤ǧƷʯ쳣һˣûá
㹻ˡϴȥϵּҩѯʹһö鵤ۼǧƷʯһ治ǰģ㹻һˡ
ͷԷŵģһƤڵߡ߿ȥʮģüмɷϢȻһɱϵ
ʱҲż˷ܵ顣
ѾڣҪԲĳ̶ȣƾƷʯҵĻҲǧϵƷʯһö鵤ֻۼǧ򣬿ʡһǧ򣬷ǳĻ㡣
ȵԲˣưЩˣҲҺţͷٺЦ˵
ưߣԲˣһҪǣߵϣҲ¶˲пЦݡ
ȻֻиεȦӡɳȺ֮ϣҲСЩСȻ޷ӵǿߵңּң׺ŵȳᲢۣȻҲŸԵס
ưϳȺԵһСϵСɡǿߣҲֻڰˡ
ưйڣԼҲֻڵΪ˵Ȳư˶ڣûһðôĺ򣬵õ˺ܺõ档ȥһ鵤ͿԲʱһˣͿưˡ
뵽ϵĲпЦݸʢٶȶ˼֣ЩȲӡ
ţ磬㿴ʲô
ȻȲʱǹͷͻȻһ
ţͷľߵ˼΢΢һع󣬵ͷһ
£һƬãڵĺȻ˳ŹͷĿ⣬ȴǿ
ǰʮҵĺ֮ϣ֪ʱһƬʵĺɫǵԼԿ·иʲôʺӰ
ͣͷҲЩ㵵ĿһĻ
ģɫԽԽĺӰҲ˳һĵ

¶˴֮ɫ
ͷš
ĵ춼·һ㱡ĺ֮С͸ⱡһȻĿϵһС
ͺͺһƬûûֲֻйͺͺһƬ
ΨһеĶһȸʮɵĺɫʯš
ɫʯʲôģڿеͷСǣȴǵУӿһɹ졣
ĵ̫ˣ
硭
ͷһڿˮЩšĿĶͻȻֵĻĵ
šͷҲŵĺܡ侲Ҳһڿˮ֮ߵϵ⵺졭뿪
šͷæ˵ͷ
£˱һ߿ǻĵһ߻ˡ
ֱ˳ʮ֮һۣתҪ롣
ǣʱ򡭡
ˣ
һ΢ģһ쳹ء
ڿеͷˣȻһţڿе壬Ȼĵȥ·ʧȥʶ
Ȼȴδ뺣ˮСǱĳֹŹֵȻֱӳǻĵȥ
˲Ϣ֮˻ĵ֮С

ĺȻһӿ˵
һת֮󡭡
壬ϢģһƬѪ
ȻǺɫʯţӿȥ
ᣡ
źѪõʯ֮ϣԭӶʯ֮ϣͽȻðһ˿ڹ⡣
ڹϸ΢˼£ȴȵ
ֻһ֮󣬱ʧӰ١
ʯţȻĵ֮ϣӶƽ
ˡ
һ쳹صСܱߵĺͻȻһȻСճʱһ㣬ȻģϢģƾʧ
һУͷ·ʲôûзһ

ͬʱϳȺԵĳС֮ϵĳѨԭȶӰϢ֮䣬ͽȻԵڵءһ˿ɫѪҺǵ֮˳ȻǾϢˡ
û˷֡


904 ʮ

ˮӿڲϢ
˴űһһ·ƽϢ֮ա
֮ϣһӰĶĶһһΣĿת
Űɫĳȥ׿Ⱥֻϵȴƻ׿Ⱥȣ˿òһ˫۾Ŀ·ΣԵĴͶľګ
ֻǣһݴľګ֮Уַ·̺һ˿ǵ˼˼Ϊìܵĸо
񶼱һһθȥ·α˵Ķ
ʱȻš
֮УȻһƬƣǴεӰִ̧ͷͷơ
ǣ
һը죬ɫ绡Ť˺ɫƲ㡣Ȼ󡭡

һ꣬¡
ڱԵϵˣû뿪˵ȥ뷨̧ͷŴ꣬ɶˮûϡ
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һʱ䣬ˮûӿ䵽ϵ׵˰˳ͣĻصĶС
һ͵ӰȻһĿ֮Уӿֳһ˿˵
ͣĻصţ͵Ŀ⣬Ŀա·Щĳױȵħȫע
ˮ׵磬Ρ
ȻУֳһŹֵĺۼЩۼҽһ޼Ѱһ̣ȴеĳС
·һ̻Ϊءÿһˮŵ㣬ɱ档ÿһεܶʼظתḶ́û˿Ͱÿһ׵ĳʧҲľУ续Ӱһ㣬ˡ
һ򣬷ͷ
ΡˮЩɬ·ö˵һ㡣ľګĿ⣬𽥵
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ˮƮ죬ڿ֮УȴҲɢ
ˮ̬֮⣬ˮ̬֮
ĿԽԽǳ
һɾϲУ
Ȼֻһ
һɺ嫵ķ֮ͽȻ䡣
һ̣ΣȴͽȻƯ
ʱͬһ׵磬Ȼ졣еʱȴ籡޴Ӱա
ݺʱ쵽£ʱȴʲ֮УˮȴԽԽŨ

ͻȻЦЦҰȴͬ˳һһ·Զ޾һ㡣
һʱЦҲһʱ
ڣһһƬ֮ʱݺ޼ɵΣҲȻ˵أԡǵһ˿֮¡ŴĿ⣬˸ˣɻοϧ顭
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һһƿһƿնȥ

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ƲѾãǧĵĴˣһࡣʣȴЩĳ˼š
Ѿʮˡϵҡȴ֪һαչأЩʲôջ񡭡
аţһûһڵĺžƣȴš
ˣʱʱİƣģ˳ĺܡ
Ҳ֪˶á
ˡ
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ģһɫĿӡ޳˼£ŵİɫԵ׿Ⱥ
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ǵ۾ʱһ֣ޱ߹ĴһĴ
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ݵʵ𾪣֮ϣ¶˿Ц֮ɫ૸п֪ϣһСˡ
һȴһЦ
ʮһּΪѵõġҡ硣֮УԼݡ
һֱ֮ǰһ꣬ĸȫƵһ̣ѵõġҡ統˹һС
ˮ֮һĸѾ˷ǳľ硣ѾӴһ˿ˮ֮⡱
Ҫģͨ飬ԼΪ
ʮġľҲ˼ı仯һ̣ΪѾȫԽΪ
ɡһп֮ջһعЦ˵
΢΢˵ͷ˽ȥ
ʱŮŻعдŨ𾪣ʱʱ͵һۡ
һϴŵŨȻȣʶ𾪣Ī˵ΪŮŮˡȻȻɢϢУ˻þ
ǶԵﵽһּ£ȴ޷ȫһֱ׶ˡΪϾֻԲԵĸȻԶԶ硣޴ѹԵĸ
ֻеΪҲԸ߶ȣֶԵĸ򣬲Ų׵ȥɳ
ͺī죬ƣȾԲǿߡǶԵĸ򣬺ʱҪǿĶࡣϣͺѸоĳֳԻõȡΪΪѾ㹻ǽϵϢ
ֺʼҵͷӡȻĵǿҲɵϿȴͬһͨͷӡ
Ƿ豹档
ǳעĿʵϣȴǱ¶绹޴յʵ
ֻдﵽģҪ˸Ӧ͸Ӧ벻˸Ӧ˾޴ӸӦĵزĴɡ
⣬ҪΪԪʶˡ
֮󣬾ѵŮæʵ࣬ơ
ӶһαչصЧǳĺá羴һʿݣпѡٱֿ˵
лл硣΢΢һЦԲȣٶȶΧŮγɳٶѡ
ʿһĻȴһ۵ܣһϢ޴ͲҪЦ㿴ǡ
һ£ŮֻŮһĿԼ
⣬ҲǹġݶٸмΡ


905 鵽
ϵϢǶԵγɵģڡϡܹѹơϡΪˣ׾ͻյϡӰ졣
ϾȻϣҲȻϢϢֻҪǸ޷ֵǣǵ龳磬ѾﵽԵֵϵĲΡ򣬾ͻϡ
λŮǰڵΪλŮΪһֻ𾪣ȴȫ
ΪһЩǳһЩ
һ˵ȴεҡҡͷȻˣȥɡ
ʵȻλŮĶУȴͬһ㡣ŮʱһȻ󾪿ĪƳһۣٿĳʶ˵ͷһ񣬱ǴҴҵͷ˳˰ᡭ
ŻŮˡ
״̬ǣȫްԱ֮ġ
ϾŮӣҲԸĳһԵʱȫԻõ״̬
̫Σˡ
ݿŮ£ҲһžٱЦ磬롣
룡Ҳ¶Цݣ˵ͷ£˱һ
¾ƱЦһϵңҪɣ
ݵ˵ͷֱԵšҸоҵķѾ㹻ˣѾԼҵΪ
У֮·ҲԴ֮·һͿԿڵĸԼԴͬҪĴڡ
ͺоϻ˵ĺáɸΪ֮㶮ٶ࣬ûӦʳģҲǲʲô˵ġ
ݾͺ񶮵˵ĳʦҪһʳȻҪʳġ⡰ʳġҲ
ԼգҪԲڣҲ꣬õʱ䡣ȻǲԸôáպִӡҡˣԾҵʡ
ҡ֮УǼǲסʱġѵһ̣ȴѾȥ˶ꡣ
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֪Ѿȥʮ꣬˵꣬ʮꡭʮʱ䣬ؽױӦѾ֡
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һ֮۾ʱһмлл硣
ʮʱ䣬ݽ롰ҡ磬ľǺġ˵֮ǰʾϵݵĻôʣ֮Ҫٽ֡״̬ǧˡʮҲҪȥꡣʧǲɹġ
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һǧ飬൱һƷʯǵھƷʯ
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ݽ˹ȥ֮磬ô飬Ҳòꡭֵܣһһ롣˵ţӴУȡ˵ʸʱһޡ
ȴֵòãͷţÿ¶ȡһǧûʲôطȥʹãȫŵġϵ飬ɲñٶ١ҶԵĸΪһֱƽķչһҲòڴҵΪڸ֮ȥˣΪȴΪֹǰҪʱ򡣡
˵ʶ˶٣Цݵô˵һǷǳġ˵ʹȻûпˡ仰Ҿ֪ˡģض˵
ǡȴЩ˼Щ꣬һֱڰ
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ݴ˴յҲûٶ˵ʲô顣
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Сӡһ֮Ҳ¶Цݡ
ãɣ
£˾յ
ʮ겻֣ɳȺ飬ҲǺ֪顣ʣǸ˵ʮһЩ顣
ңּң׺ңûʲôķӦ·ͬˮľ棬ֻλӰһ㣬ֹһ㡣ûκѰݵӰ
ԼȴǺ뻹ʼͷӵԭԭֻѾǴ׷ɱУûʱȥչʲôġȫͬ
ˣȻʱּĬȴδɾ衣չ֮ǰ˵һԼǿǿʲôģվġ
֮⣬ҲϵرĳšʲôطֳʲôǿޣЩĵصıءȵȵȵȡ̸˼Ũ
ҲһõߣһרעʲôϢҲǻᷢһЩԼĿ̸˸Ũ
˵˵ЦЦ䣬ʱŵĺܿ졣
ˣͷͽܡ
ͻȻ˵
ͽܣϢҲǾһ£գһ۾
ǿͽܡǴ飡
ʲôˣ׷ʡ
ٺ٣ˣҲʶȴǺٺһЦ˵
Ҳʶݶʱ΢΢һԺһת֮󣬺ȻѵΣ
ô֪ʶʱһȻû뵽ݾȻһӾͲµĿꡣ
ʲôֵģڹɳȺʶ˱Ͳ࣬Լ֮⣬ֻˡ˵һ²ҲѰɣȴǷһۣ˵
ʶʱЦһСǽļһ
εҡҡͷп굹û뵽ǾȻΪǰͽܡҽӴˣƢԶΪǰΪͽҲ
ţ츳ǿ˵Ѿ͸һֻҪ㹻ԴпܻΪǿߡ˵
򾳣⻰ȴǴһ֮һǾҪϲˡ
漴ȴЦ˵ɲʲôϢ


906 չأ
ȻʲôϢ˵ͷΪͽøлءҲЦ
ô£Щѯʡڵε飬ݻ֪
ġ£ʱǽյ˵
Ȼûڳºѯʹ졭ҲһˣƢΪͶȻҲʮ־ˡԶڵյ飬ûаȻҲȫ֪ˡ
˵Щ֪֮ԭԼ۵ˡͬʱҲ˵շ飬Լûҹ鷳ԭ
Ϊ˰Լ˵ϧǿߣǸжȻԷΪˡġ¡ݣǰԽסˡ
ġεƢԣȻһҪִֵĶࡣ
˵ּŵһΣݣҲǸпѡ
УΪȴҪԼıġ졭
仰ݵĴҲǺܴġ
죬Ⲣ˵˵ѡҪдηľ񣬲һ㡣
ԼӰ죬ҲˣһˡȽΣҪʤһ
´αչᣬǼپһۡһΣҲ֪ͨˡ˵
ԣ΢΢˵ͷ
̸ʱվ˹ȥ
⣬͸˽̧ͷһ֮󣬿ڵ磬ʱ䲻ˣһξɡ»أúġ
Ҳ̧ͷһ⣬΢΢˵ͷЩڴĿݣֻ֪һμǶԺ󡣵ʱ򡭡ֻΪӦҲҪԽ˰ɣ
΢΢һ£漴ȴһЦСȻд
ߣ˵С֣㻹ʹˡߺߣ´μ棬һҪѹһͷţưɡ
ԣȴǷһۡУȴǰĸԼľ
ԼܣΪɱԼĶˡʮȥˣԷѾԼٶӭͷϣԼٲŬһ£ֻҪϳ˹ȥԿ
뵽ҲãԼôɢȥŬʱˡ
ֺһ֮Ǳ

Ǳ֮һ·ֱӾͳű֮طжȥ
ڶԵӦѾ㹻ԲǾĳ̶ˡ
ڿУаĹš
ǧ飬ܶࡣʵҪڵΪҲ˶١
Բʱ򣬾ͺķǧһٰʮƷʯۺ飬ǧ˰ʮ֮ҪÿһζҪ飬ƺܶࡣ
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ؽױǵǿƵġļ۸ȴֻԲǿڵġ⵱УֵʵǺܴġ
ҲϾҪΪͱҪõ顣ĹǷǳǿġ
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ͨؽڣҲֻε̾һҲûټʲô
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Ϻصġϡ˵ıֳĵ֮ѾԶԶԪΪ֮ϡ
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ڣһҲͶ뵽ݵ֮ϺݣҲһƬɫâ֮У۾

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ģĺܺáΪѾǼΪǿԶԶԪΪ
Դʵܴⷽ󡣲˵Ǹʣͱȶܱȡ
˼е򾳵ϵţԴȱֻҪΪﵽˣȻԴ͵ϡ
ѹִǿ߶࣬Ϊ츳жôˣΪԴ㹻εš
ԽǿǿߵĸҲԽ󡣾ΪռŸԴһ룬佣ڵĻѾǾڣкڵǿˡ
һ㣬ݺɡϾ佣Ǵ󻪹֮һǿ˿ȹɳȺ»ǿ
Ͼ佣ڿһ̫ϳϵĴڵġЩ̫ϳ϶й꣬ҲǾΪɳȺû˵ʲô̫ϳϡеԴ񶼼Сԣ佣ӦҪǿһЩǡ
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ѪھŲ֮÷Ļ˵ɱԲǿ߶ɱʱȻܹһ
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漴ҡҡͷһֱӷ롣

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908 ӡֿ
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909 ʼ
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ǿߡǿǿԲݷ򡱵ĴڡȻҲס


910 ֮
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һ֮󣬿ڵӦò̫ˡ
Ŷԣ۾ʱһ
ǿͷƽȽѣֻҪһЩ֮󣬺ľͱȽˡһֱѰеĹɣѾա֮ٶȣԽԽ졣ơ£죬˵׼ͿƳˡ͵
Ǿͺá̲ס³һ
ǽ۵ĹǺһҪµķĽ뱾ӡһ棬ÿҪķѴĻƳơҲеƣ
ȻʱȫָҪĻۡһ˵໹¾ͿƳƣҲһ
Ҳ֪ƵУǸʲôģġҵĲ²⣬Ƿȷġ
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еɽѾ޴ޱȣ·ǰеһЩ¥ͥԺϡ
Ŀһ֮һ˫ۡ

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ڡ
ҡӡ
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ȫʶģָһ㣬һ·ģʱûǰһƬ֮С
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ˡ
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ݶʱһͽȻһȻĶǰĹ
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ΧһƬ֮ɫΧƲ㣬Ҳ΢΢
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׹â˸ݣҲֻǳ˲Ƭ֮ͽȻ֮䣬ָƽǹʧȡ֮ģһƬãơ
οռ䣬ٶȻָƽ·仯
ݣȴѾʧ

һŵİɫ⻪Уȴ𾪵̧ͷš
ͷһƬõǿաǵ㣬¡
ģΪ貵ǿա
һſŷǣֱͬһſžӨʯǶڴɫĿռ֮ڡҫҫԡ
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ңң˳ȥҲ֪쵽ʲôط
ǿյĺڰ֮һĹ⻪ʱʱ˸һ˲ڿǹ⻪һ˲䣬ݷ·Ǹǣ˲ףʲô
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·ĳڤڤ֮ǹâĺ塣
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ʣڵλãһ֮أ
ǺӵһҽǣԵķ켣𺳣

һ⻪ƿնĿ׷ϣţʶһ㱣Ȼ䣬·˲һУҵķ壬ϡʧء
״̬ã֮Уһֶԡ硱ȻȻӡͷ
һ˿ͷ֮ݵʶʱ΢΢һΣָϣȴ¶һ˿𺳡
⣬ǡ硯ķۼݻš
ˮԷʹӲйһ˿
Ȼڸղһ˲䣬ֻǿһǹ⻪ڤڤ֮Уһǣ·һ˲֮Сؿȥһ˿ԡ硱򣬱Ȼͷ
⣬ǡ֮ء
ૡ
йص֮ص棬ȻŹȻִȴǵһΡ
˵ڡ֮ءֱ۵Ŀתʱ⻹¶νġֱۡжֱۡ
ڣˡ
ֱۣ
ֱڤڤ֮Уһǿнָͷ
ֱƿֲ
ֵطСٶܲ
ݴš
֮ص棬ģֱš
ãݲų³һ⡰֮ء档Ŀ⣬Զ
ӣȻһϹųɵڸڡɣֻϹʱҲǼǿʢĴڡһ㣬Ǵ֮صĴСϣܿĳˡ
а̾š
֮أȻҲдС
ģûнޡСģֻǧ˵ġ
֮أȻԽԽáԽܹ֮ܵشЧȻ׳ָ֣ȻЩȥԴһѭ
֮غѵáɴ󶼲ڵ֮ؿڸ˵佣ڣҲֻ֮Уǵ֮ء
ԣܹռӴĵ֮أɼɣǺεȵĻԻ͡


911 Ԫɺ
Ȼ䲻ȫɶôӴĵ֮ؼƺҲһЩģӡ󡭡ϧȴ벻ˡ
ҲݵԺƺڻʲô̺ܼѣ벻
ŷĻͷһ𡣺ʣĻƺӡ֤Ĳ²⡭
ǺεȴڣĿǰΪֹݶ̫ǴԼзӡϹ壬ͿжϣǸǾվ۷Ĵ֮һ
ܹжһ˿ӡģǾԲ򵥡
Ӵĵ֮أǰʣ֮صԭˣҲǽӽ䵱Ǹ֮˲εĴڡ
ֲΣǸߵĿǰ޷ĵز
ڼѾȷˣ֮ؿĳɵڸ֮ءĿǰѾ𡣡
ݵĿ⳯Զȥ
Ǻ֮ϣһ켣ʱʱ֡ȻεΪصĿռ֮£ȴһƬȫް
ԭվƬ̣󣬴żֺ棬Ÿжȥ
֮ûеġһռ϶ֱ֣ͬʱּ˻ҵĵططԴۼģ֡ԣûأûд磬ûûˮ
еģֻһƬҫĿİɫâԼͷһ޼ʵǺӡ꣬ҫبŲĹâ
˸ѪɫĹâһƬɫâСĿ⳯¿š
ٶȲ죬ֻһ֮ͬѺһָɰԼǿյĹߣǰС
ȻЩ֮غų޴󣬵ʵչ黹иԵġкǺ棬֮صж
ȻҪǣ²еĳɣĵͳ֮أȻһƬ֮صĳһ
ݽɲֻΪһԼĺġҪǣҪɵĵͳ
ɵĵͳӦûǳõıһƬͳ֮صУû档
ԣٶȲ죬һ˫۾Ҳ̽Χ
ȻʶõԪȴѹơ
ݵʶѾչǧʶĵطȴκζҲӦ·ա
ȻҵĵطʶҲʧȥáΨһõģҲһ˫ˡ
ݲżʮʱ䡣ż
ݳŸжȥ

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Ϊݴͨһ˲䣬ؾ΢΢
ݽ׿ռ䡣֪ռһϢ֮䣬ؾİɫʧһɲǣ
˶ɵˡ
һ˲䣬ԭƵĿռ䣬ޱͨ˴Ʋͨ㶼ʧͨ໥˶Է
ҪǡһδƳĽƱľҲ˲両ǵǰ
еģֻһƬհסȻеģȴǳ˼ߣʮʬǣ
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һĻ˶ˡ
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֮ǰһĻǻþҲ˵ռĸʬǵĿռ䣿
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Ϊʲôؾ˰ǧ꣬ɴδ˵аʧ
һǷʲô
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ƸؾдƸ
Ȼˣȴֻ뵽˴Ƹʬͬһռģʵ̫𺳣Ҳ̫ˡ
һʬϣӵǧڵĲƸʬǣǺεӴĲƸ
ҪǣЩƸֻʯǸĵģǹ
ֻǻǾѾǿˡôʬǵУǲӵиǿĹ
ϣҪϣ̫ˣ
ûǱʲƸ㹻ˣ
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ԣѡ
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ǿʼƳһ󷨣ʬ֮أȥ

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ؾУɲֻɢޡˣеġ
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ؾһΣ֡

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֮أһĻž
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ǰĿռ֮УƯһʬ塭
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ƯڿУһ˫ĿҲƽšȻ䣬·鶯ĿС
һˡһ򾳵ǿߣ
ǣݵĳ֣ȴûаַӦȻôڿСݣҲ֮˼ʱ䣬ŷֱˣѾˡ
ǿߡôģ𾪶ɻĿš
ԪɺԶġЩп
Ԫɺԣһ
š΢΢˵ͷŵһĵǿߣԪʮǧ˰ꡣΪǵѾɡ塯Բ˥ϡɵԪվȴǻήȻ
㿴ˣϢŵʱûа񶼻ΪȻܵ顣ήԪɺԶı֡˵
˹ȥ
ȻĿƽ鶯ȥͻûаֵ𡣵ȷܵ깥ӡҲܵش
ȻͬԣԪɺ֮ˡ
Ȼһ˿̾
ǿߣεǿȻվǵֲʱĸʴ
ȻɡУҪҪȻĐԣŽ桱
족֮·ȻߡҪĴﵽ̸ף
뵽֮ݺȻ뵽˷
λӡϹ飬ǻ˶ˣҪ֪飬ҲԪһġ


912 ɽ
ɼǵ˶ˣ
뵽⣬վ̲סѯ˳
΢΢һҲǲˡ֮ǰһֱ󷨿ռ֮Сʱţ
ЩϹչԪİɣǵϣһЩôݺȻ뵽еϹ塣
Ϲ壬ͬҲԪ
ЩϹԪΡͻڽ죬Ȼ۷״̬ǵû⣬ɺԵĶꡣĻشȴݴΪԾ
˵һ˲ϵԪȻָ⡣˵ͨ˻ήݱϡЩԪŵ֤
ǺȻЩϹ嶼ǿޱȡԪɺԣȻǿǰһ㡣
ԪɺԶڤڤ֮áΪЩǿĴڣѾԳơͺڵ壬ѾǿؽƷʱ䣬޷ĥ塣ǣ㲻ڣԪҲֻǧꡣ޷ǧʱͻƵ졣ȵԪһ죬ڤڤе֮ͻֱĨɱꡭ޴Ӷܡ
пǣΪܹõͻƣԪҪȻѰؼ伫ѵõԪǳѵáһ˵ֻд˵ˣܵõ
ԣ𵴡
ԪɺԣȻ屻ʴ걻Ĩɱ
תһֻ֮Ȼ
ǰԳ˵彡̶ж̵Ļݼ͵ͬ
壬ѾǿᵽؽƷĳ̶ȣϹľȴڣǵǿߣûܹɱ
Ȼһ֮·ôߵġôĳ
޷ĥ㣬ǾֱĨꡭ
һ·֮󣬾Ѿ޷ͷ
ҪȻҪȻԶʧؼûˡ
Ȼ⵱УߣҪԶԶڵִ۷ߡ
ʵϣ͵ĿǰΪֹݻ治֪˭Ļ⼸һ˵
չһƴϣǾ٣ƴ
վԭ֮󣬺Ȼ³һĿӹһ˿㡣
ĿԶȥ·ԽʱգңԶĹȥδ֪δ
ãݲһջĿ⣬ԪУǰꡣ
ۡҲ²ĲȷǷһ֮սĻô꣬ڽһֻôԪɺԶأ
ͷЩɻ
ǿߣѾǿԲݷĴڣ൱ֲġôᡰϡ⡰֮ءأ
ѵûƳ󷨣ݰ˼
һ֮ȴҡҡͷ
Ҳȷ
ǿȻǿ󣬵ǷкоͲȷˡ
Ͼ󷨴ʦµ󷨣ͺųƿסǿߡȻֻǡųơݺɵĻ
ϲ󻰵ˡ
ˣôòһλǿߡ֪ϣûʲôöأ
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۷봢Уֿ⼸
һɫ·䣬ҲǵؽױȫʧȻҲʧȥ顣
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Ȼ󣬾ֻʣһ
ŴȴЩɡ
ؽױʧȥ飬ûʲôⴢھͿ֮
ǣҿ϶棬Ƿ񻹲ŶԷӡУôóȻ֮ͺΣա
ϹʱµıµõȻգȴ顭£˵ܶࡣ
ӡΪ꣬ȴꡣ
Ԫɺԣ֮ǰӡӡǲġǿԼּʱ䡣
ģԼְ֮ã
Ȼڱ֮ӡҲܵӰ졣䣬ڶʱԽԽģֻʣһЩܡ
˵˻ŵʱǴ״֮ôյӡҲֻɱ¾ʶ֮ôӡҲἫΪࡣ
ϹʱıﵱУᷢӡԭ
ȻⲢһӳԪķΪѾֻһͷǶ㲻ϡȻҲƲʲôˡ
ǵǿߣ֮ǿ϶Զݵ
ڳһ֮ȴҡҡͷ
ˡûҪðաȵΪ㹻ˣҲ١
뵽ݽǴԼĴС
ѾǳһƬĿӣ֮ȴΡȻһ̾
ǿǿߣվҲֲʱϮ
Ѿˣɵڸ֮ҲԶˡ
վŤͷǰԶ
ԶȻһƬʣʶȥͬգʲôҲ
һ֮һΣǱʬǣŸȥ

շ˸һ켣ʱʱ֡
ݷڿУȴǿⲻȥе켣
켣Ȼڤڤĳǣȥ򣬵ǱûͷĻǲܵӰġһ㣬һ·֮ܽľ顣
⡰֮ءĴСҲʵǳݵȻٶȲ죬ʮˣ˵ҲɳʮǣȻûп߽硣
һֱɵڣ֮ǰ֮⣬ȴûǿʬǡ
еҲûʲô
żʱ䣿ʮʱ䣬֮̽صܡ
С
ڣڽ֮صʮ죬ɳ˳ʮ֮
ݵ۾Ȼһ
ԶգһֱǰӵĹߣڳһսǡһ뻡ιߣߡ
һߣɵİһߣ貣лҵĺڰǿա
һƬڰǿյ·һ޴ޱȵɽݵǰ


913 ң
ɽ
ݴĿš
ɽɢߵϢûһ˿ݰֲܵѾʱ֮»˴ƬƬīķĩЩĩУһ¥ڵСԭǷߵͥԺ¥Ҳд󲿷ѾһƬԫϱڣ
﷢һս

΢΢˵ͷ
ֻɽ֮ϣһĿĵĹѡ¥ͥԺڹ̮֮Щѣǿɵġ
ɽͬһǿյеľޣɢŻӣĵϢ
ؾɽӦþɽֻؾģȴһưܾɫݿһ֮󣬿˵
ɽڡ֮ءؾڸ޷õôԶؾֳɽӦؾĽûľ¡ɽҲӦ
΢΢˵ͷȻѾưܲʹĿǰֹģɣڵǼǿɡ֮佣ڣ֪Ҫǿʢ˶ٱɼôǿţҲį³
Ｋطʢ˥ֻءǿĴڣվҲįһաܹ򣬴ﵽĲΡҲЩ̾˵
ԣȴҡͷ
˵סҪѣ
ʵϣһֱĿǰΪֹʷϣҲδֹõĴڡ
ۣ¹Ϲµĵ伮УἰǣҲֲʱϮʧʱĳ֮С

ݿЦһҡҡͷ
ξڵ̫ңԶһЩòΪ¶ա
뵽һߣȥ
˵ţѪâһɽֱӷ˹ȥ

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ɽԼĪǧֱӴޱȡ棬ͬһֻϣ塣
վɽ֮ϺԽоһǿҵĳ
ЩҲǵǿµġ㵽ڣ϶ǿҵķ֮ѹ֣еֲﶼѾˡ
ݰš
֮⣬ݣоһǿѹ󣬵һսһּˡ
ֵǣΪʲôһʬǶûأ
ݰԺ档
ʶҪʶ̽Ȼʶ֮̽ŷ֣ɽҲ֮ͬصطһ㣬·ӵʶʶ̽ͬ̽գ޻Ӧ
ѣֻԶɽϿա
һ滹õ¥֮ǰ֮΢һ¥¥š
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Щ¥нػġһսɽĽƣҲȫƻˡ
ݿһĻȴ˿⡣
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߹һ¥߹һ޴Ĺ㳡
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һ߿һа˼š
ɽϵֲﶼѾڵɫ΢Ҫɻҡܸ١һЩֲΣֱֲܷУͷһЩϢ
ǺȻЩ˲ûҵĵͳڡǵĲƸԶֹˡжš
Ӵɣͳ൱˵ġЩˣУƷʯǧ򡭡ȲƸ˵٣ҪͬһɵĵͳȽϣǺʾǾţһëˡ
һ顭ɣû顣֮ǰȴһҲûмһϣҲжϳͳ⡮֮ءС
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ӡ֤Ĳ²ˡ
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ңڣ
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ؾеĽƣһ֣ȫҪ뿪Ĵĵ˵СĵǿߣǱ⡰֮ءСһ㣬֮ǰǸʬǵϣԵõӡ֤
ַ֮ʲô£ޣҲƶϲԿ϶֮лŵңˡŵӵʬףȻˡڽ֮бŵɱĴˣ򱻻𻯷գ˻ҽ
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ҾͲʮ꣬Ҳ㡭
һһΣڵĵ֮أȥ


914 ؾֿ
ʱһһ˹ȥɳȺÿһնڷڶĹ¡ĻţҲȥ
ؾΪɳȺڶǿߵĻ۵֮һǶᱦ֮أȻԶԶıطҪľࡣ
ԵؾƲʶʧ˶̶һ˲¶ڶĲƸ֮ؾͱɳȺȥż֮⣬ΪֵĵطҪǿǾǹھɳȺ
ǿǿռ㣬ǿߣҲʮλפˡ
˿ʼר֮ҲԽԽĽƣ½ƿ
ؾ
ƷǳӰеؾطġô£
һȺˣһ֮ǰһ뷢԰׵ߣĿз⣬ǰĽƣЩૡ
ųϣƺƳ𣿡
ڴߵԣһЩɻѯʡ
ڴˣȻϳӣйһ֮Եϣī֡
ǲסΪųϡ΢΢˵ͷǰĽü˵һ󷨣ҪǡмɱƽǱƣ⼸ɱͻϱӶǿҵĹɱĹǿǿ£Ǹ޷ס
£īԶʱһЦǻʲôѵġҲˡʱ뿪ԶһҲˡ
һˣɴǰǿߡ߿ûмȻʲô⡣
Ϊô򵥣ųȴǰīһۣЦ˵ġǿߡ޷סָ棡ؾ޷Ԫ޷γɻ˭Ǹұƣһ̾Ҫ˺ѳƬұƣҿɲҡ
˵ţüͷǰĽơ
ī΢΢һ֮󣬶ʱȴЩѿҲüͷ塣
ǿȵĻǿʵһǿߣû̫𡣶ǡ֮塱ģǿתĻؾ޷ԪǿϵĻҲ޷ת
£˵ĻǾԲǿڴˣɱһͬҲҪ׽Բǿ߸ɱ
뵽ü˵˵󷨣޷Ƴ
޷ʱ϶Ҫܾá΢΢ҡҡͷüǰ󷨣ȴһ˼뾪̾þ󷨡ؾȣ󷨣Ҫ̫ˡ
īֿһĻȴ̾һ
λųϣҵһ䡭Ŀ䳤ϡλͬϵ֡
ǾԲǿߣͬʱһǿߡ
˵ԭֻһɢޣ⺣ĳһϹʱǿߵĿռ䶴СǶ֮ӵǿߵĵͳ
Ϲǿߣһ󷨴ҡ
ųϵõǿߵдУǧʱڹɳȺȵһΪﵽڲ˵ǹɳȺϹϵǿߡ
Ҵīãī֮£ΪҵĿ䳤ϡݣȴǼΪȻ
īȻҺϣ󣬻Զġ
ֻλųƢԱȽϹŹ֣ϲľо󷨡
ʵϣ֮ǰؾƳĽƣоʵųһƳġ
ǰżͻƣΪ˾ԲǱչذꡣݵ꿪ʼؾʱ򣬲δ
ⲻǰɹͻƵ˾ԲΪͬʱǡؾнʧһ˲¼ұǽԼҪæƳơλųϣҲȻ
⼸ʱ֮£ҵƽչļΪ˳ѾԽĿеɽˡ
һֱڣȴǱƸסˡ
ųѾǰʱȴóȻĶ֡īֵˣҲֻһԿţȴš
ʱȻţǼʱȥ
λų϶󷨼Ϊԣһֱð⣬󷨣ȴһҲֻʱ˼ʱԻʱȴ𾪡òݣжϳǳо󷨡
īֵȴ˼ʱһŤͷһԲһߡ
峤ϣ⼸ΣīֺȻѯʡ
üͷ΢һ£漴Ȳ󣬻ǰλá
ī֮󣬶ʱ΢΢һ˵ͷ
ؾԽ󣬽ԽǸӡǰƽ⣬ٶȾԽԽˡ
ҿûų󷨴ʦǰλãҲ
īԭŤͷȥ֮ȴŤͷһ֮󣬺Ȼ峤ϣǶ˴ӡЩģ
ǡ峤ϡԣɫʱ΢һ¡漴ȴ΢΢ҡҡͷȴҲ˵
īֿЦһҲ֪峤вôҲԼĿǡʵӡҲûʲôøС峤ⷬȷЩ̫ˡ䳤Уֻô룿
ΪҵĿ䳤ϣΪ¡Ҫ֤ǵȫ򡭡ԸΪЧͣ
ͺ׵ض峤ܵӡȺ峤ϣô죿ӶǳָԤ룬Ӧӹɵİɣ
īָ̾ҲǶϽˣ˵ⷬҲеϣס
峤վԭã֮ȴκȻһ̾ͷףֻЩİˡ
û峤ϣ˵ģǰӡǲǰؿ顣
ӡƵĽ裬£Ҳ䳤ϵСö֮ҲͳһЩԡīĶС
ȻīӡҲûʲôøС֮ȴҲòܺ䳤ϵģǱ
ӡǲؿҲǰ
һֱڻȻû˵⼸һֱС
īһ˵һ˵ģһֱûʲôᡣһΣҲͻȻŽ֮˵˳һҲͷΣûй׵˼
شīҲοʵҲûʲôӡƵķ裬˵ǳǿ󣬵иӲϾڱĽ䣬ֱٶԹҲĲ˰ɣ
ԣ΢΢һ֮̾΢΢˵ͷ֪ˡ
īοĵ˵ͷ㲻ٶ˵ʲô
ŤͷǱ߼˼ųϣҲֻһ̾
Ҳ֪󷨣ҪƳá
ҵ˼ȴǶ֪ҪƳ󷨣ǵ£ֵ˽󷨡
ʱƣݶ󷨵ް̣ѾԽԽǿȻ跽棬ҲҪԶԶųõеλϹǿߡ


915 ֮꣬صջ
ؾǿߣڹ˾ƳеĽƣһܹͨؾŪܡ
һУڵ֮صеݣȴûаֵӰ졣
֮ء
ǿ֮ϣ꣬ҫҫԡټһǿգֻһˡ
ݣϥڿУ̧ͷ㱣·ڸӦʲô
鲻ͣıţʱʹ࣬ʱܣʱãʱȴ¶һ˿Уȴ·ĳþһЩ
֮ݻһеãȻˡȡ֮ģһ˿
ǻָһ޷ġϡ
գѾ֮оʱˡ
ʱһ꣬ȫĵĶѰ⡰ңڡĵͳ֮⣬ʱ䣬һѰңһ
ͳ֮صȷǲصļʱ䣬κε˿ûҵ
һȫĵͶѰҡѰ޹֮΢ЩʧݣǴ֮⡣ѾоһʲôҲûз֣Ҳǲˡ
֮أֱۼ㶼ı¶ǰֵطһͷ֮£пǻۣгɡοʼݣ
ֱˮһĳ졣
һط򣬻աÿһ磬һֶ
С𡱣ľˮ𡱣СͬҲлûġס⡱硱ȵӦ
ڣʱռ֣ȫеķ򣬶ż֡
Ҫ˵⵱жӰģĪڶԡʱ䡱ˡ
ʱʱ·һΡСԼݡ
һ֮ͥУڶѡڡΡеļͥ۷ʱڣٻ䷱ڡΡеļͥ˥֮Ҳᵽʵ̬ġࡱҲܹӳϥµġ𡱡
һѧӤֱ׷ԲԵˡͨ˵һ
ֱʱΡȻһΡѣȴ·ִ󳹴ȻǣϵϢһֵȻݣǲɣ
˵֮дǻۡһУʵľľ߱˴ǻۡ
һУȴݷᵽ֮ءһǿ
ĵطп˲Ϣ֮䣬ͨ˵һ͸£Ҳֻ⡰֮ءˡ
ԣһҲǡңڡĵͳ֮ڣҲһǳˡ
һ££мˣͨ˵һʵͨ˵һֵûζһ
ûǿ˵˼άûǿı䵱Ȩߵľһ򡱵ȦУ沨
Ǹı䲻ܸıģֻԼ̬
ԼĿ࣬ԼԼıҲԼĺȻʹۣ࣬бˣź֮Уǵ̬ǧ򻯣ɣָ꣬ȴܹٱչһǧ꣬һߣҲ޷ĵ
⣬ǲƸ֮ʯ飬ѵõĲƸ
ݾãҲĵͳҲνˡΪѾջķᡣ
ĵ·֮ϣЩЩ򣬲ѵö֧۷塣
ȻǾƸ⡰֮ءݵõĲƸԶֹЩ
෨ͨ
νбһ壬ԣезܶ⡰֮ءķ֣Ҳ֡ԣеķ򣬶Լ
Щٶʱ򣬽Īİ
еˮ⡰֮ءķУͬҲйˮЩҪԶԶǿ֮ǰݵĸ
ڵݿԺ˵㹻飬ڶʱֱԲΪڡ򾳣Ҳǲܡ
ȻӦЩģġ֮ءϡѾ֪֮֮·ôȥˡ

һηݱ˫ۣĬĬʱĸܣȻȥеİ
ݵϰߡ
ʱӹķֻҪעͻܵǹڤڤ֮еǣ򡣵ֻҪȥǣǹͲ֡
͸ݸϸµʱ䡣֮УݶⷨøЧҲһЩ
һεᣬһʱ۾󳤳³һ
ŷϵĵѾԽԽŨ˵׼ʿпܻʧһ˲
͵ǼȥѰҰɡ
³һ˵
šӦһݱһΣǰȥ
ʱ䣬Ȼͣͣ󲿷ֵʱ䶼ϡ֮أҲѰҵĴ󲿷ֵĵطˡȴȻûҵͳ֮ڡ
ʬ壬˲١
ʱſһ˿߳ǰɵģֻһꡣѰңʬ壬ȻԽԽࡣ
ĿǰλãѾ˳ʮߵʬǣȫǵǿߣõĵؽױҲʮ
һӴ˲ĲƸ
ʮؽױȻȫѾʧȥ顣ֻҪһʱ䣬Ϳȡֵû̫
⣬˵֮󣬵õʵԵĺô
ŵ˵ݵĸ˲ƸֻͨĵǿߣҲǲضˡ
ӵĽһҲޱǿɡ˵ʮǿߣŵϡ³Щгʮ꣬ĳ֮⣬Ҳûطܳˡ
аĸ̾š
ɳȺôĵطǿߣֻĸ
ȻֵʬǣѾʮ
󣬵Щţһǿˡ
ң⻹ֻڡ֮ءֵģ⡮ңڡĵǿߣûмڵͳ֮أǿߵʬ壬Ҫ࣡
ݲ²⡣
Ҳƶϡ
ǿɱңڵǿߣȻȥΪҪĵطʣǵͳ֮ء
ԣͳ֮صǿӦûԶԶ֮صط
пܻ٣
š
ҲǣϹʱеǿߣ֮ڣ»ҪĶࡣϾж
Ϊ棬òĸǿѹȡȻʹ˳Ϊǿߡ
ѹ˵ȴҪСࡣִ󻷾֮£ǿ߲統Ķ࣬Ҳġ
뵽ȴЩġ
ЩϹĳ֣еġӡƳ¡ݲᣬʾоûһ㵣ˡ
ع顭࣬һֲĺƽ١һͻΪ֮
ݣҲܲġϾҲһࡣ


916 乵
ϧļ䲻ȫŪ̫йӡ顣ô궼Ӧò¡ϾУͷӡޡ
а룬漴ȴ΢΢ҡҡͷ
Щ̫ңԶһЩ
ӼƻбҪЩıˡһɡһ֮ڣ޷ҵǵͳڣ뿪ͷĵؽױ֮ӦÿԻȡٵˡ
ڿУȴһ
顣ʮؽױ¼Լõģ˵иһȫԳ֡
ʱҲܹõһϵ顣Щ飬ӦþѾ㹻Ϊľ൱Ϊˡ
˵ܹﵽԲӦҲܴﵽڵĳ̶ȡ
лһղģһվ԰ΪԽǿһǰżУҲԽ󡭡
󻪹Ҳ֪ôˣߵҪ㴦꣬Ȼϻش󻪹
аš
󻪹飬ʵһֱЩһ棬佣Ĵ֮ĹϵΪѾüΪӡ޼ңѾȥôˣҲ֪ûгʲô顣̵ɻãȻѾʼУѾȥʮˣܳŶãޱ佣Σ
Ȼī
뵽īͷ΢һůԺвɵĸֳһŮӡ
ռ䣬ŮӵĲ벻ֻڶɽٵʱ꣬ѾӴаˡ˵õģ뿪ռǰ᪻ġϧ֮ȫݵƿأŵȻҲͲ֮ˡ
֪ԼϢ֮󣬻жż
ϹҲڴ󻪹ڣıһԤııҲ֪󻪹Ѿʲôˡ
̾һ
ڴ󻪹ǣ̫ࡣ᲻뿪Ƕɽ֮Ҳ֪
ԼƢԣʲô£ӦҲ᲻ŲʵġҲµġ
뵽һЩҵ˼УȻǰȥһ˫۾Ҳʱʱ̿̽Ѱ·Ѱһпɵĵط

ʱ䣬ٶȻš
⡰֮ءÿÿѰҡʱ䣬ŵĺܿ졣
ۼ䣬һʱȥ
޷Ѱҵû취ˣҲֻʱ뿪ˡ
ε̧ͷڵǿա
ʮʱ䣬ȴҲûҵ⡰ңڡĵͳ
Ҳˣʮõ˳ʮؽױʮǿߵĴȻûƣֻҪҵΪ죬ҾаܹЩˡĶȻʧġ
еǿߵӡݲȷ⵱ûлһЩͷĴڡĿǰ֮˵ûаտǿ߿⡭¿ֻһͷ
ϾЩǿߣǿγԼġ򡱵Ŀֲڡݷ޷ĴڡݲΪļðȴա
Ϲŵǿߣ˭Ҳ֪ЩʲôֶΡһô죿
һУСһЩΪá
¾ݵϣǳŵķȥ
ôȥȻס
ֻҪȥڴٶȴǸƣҲͿˡ
ңһε飬ѾӡǡһδȥҪӼ򵥵Ķࡣ
һ·УԼĪʱ֮
ţһˣȻ
ζʱڿͣ£¶⣺ôˣ
ˣ··ղŴһ˿ŹֵĲ˵
һ㶣ȴȻɴ۾
ɣѰʮ꣬Ѱ޹뿪ˣѵʲôֲɣ
ʱЩüͷһΣֱӳ·˹ȥ
֮ص·һƬɫ½ء½زͨУĳʡ֮С
һƬĴ½֮ϣã
ݳ·ֱӷȥܿǿһƬãĴء
ʲôλãݷ֮󣬱ǿѯʡ
һ¡Ⲩʧˡִżɻ
΢΢һ£ȴҲûм١ŷţӦĸӦˡ
ĵڿеȴ
ԼĪһҡ
ߣ
Ȼ
ݺɣһֱӱǳŶ߷Ӷȥ
ޱߵĺɫ½ͣķӣգۼ䣬Ѿɳʮ
ʱһ޴ޱȵĹ֣ݵǰ
ǰߣǹ֣
ȻǽƵĲ
ݵ۾ҲʱȻһΣǹֵԱߣͣ
һĹ֣ӿȥԼĪʮﳤĵĿӣԼĪֱҡȻ죬խʧ
ȻĹֿ֮ϣȴðһ˿ĺڹ⡣޷ڲǸʲô״
ˣǱһʬǣ
ȻڣŤͷһ
ȻʱǹĿӱԵһССӰΪֶðźڹ⣬ӰסһʱȻûз֡
ݿ֮һΣ˹ȥͣӰԱߡ
һŮӡ
ŮӼΪƯ£һƮϢòֱҲǲ¡
ϥƽĶڿԱߡһ˫ƽ̧ͷա
ƻˣʵȴѾˡ
ǵǿߡңǽۡһ䣬һңڵˣ
漴Ŀ⿴ðźڹĿӣ񼤶
пܣңڵĵͳ֮ڣ
Щڿռ䵱Ҳ˽۵ңڵǿʬǡȴֻҶǿ֮¡
Ůӣĵ
ŽƵðźڹĹ֣ʵ޷ӡ
ͳпܣңڵĵͳ֮أ
ƣаƳ𣿡ѯʵ
û⣡Ц
ݹЦã
Ц֮ǰǽŮһ¡
ʱâʢȵâ֮һǳݵǰһâһࡣ
Ů˼£ҲͬݣҲ̲ס࿴ۡ
漴ȴҡҡͷ
ˣʱǰҲվûаŴģ
ҡҡͷؽױ봢һƣڲԶĵ棬һӡ
һǽǿӶ֮С
ػ֮ض֮꣬ΪҲΨһΪˡл㡮֮ˡ
һ
Щǿߣʬ֮أÿεõὫЩǿߣ¡ǵõϱһֳл
۵ЩǿߵΪΣ໥֮ʲô϶˵ǶǵǿߣҪǰһ𾴣ǱҪġ


917 ͻأֵϹŽ
һǿ߸е̬ҪѧᾴηȻ󣬲η
νηη֪֪ǲߵ۷ġ
ǽŮֱ֮Ρ
ˣӡٻǿʼɣȴƬ̵ķѾЩȲ
áҲοӦ
£ٻ˱ӡĹ֮ǰֱðŹڹĿӡ
ɫģ

һµͣĴݵָ⻬ڷкУͣûǰĺɫĻ֮С
һһ
һʼǺڹûаֵı仯ԽԽ࣬ɫĻ֮Уʼֳһ
ܺãȻҲǿԶûн֮صǸƸӡֽȣ죬Ƴ
Щο
ԣ˫۷Ź⣬¶Цݡ
ʱһһšݲͣİշ
֮
һɫȻٶûǺɫĹ֮С

Ȼ֮䣬һǹұһʱ䣬âʢȻŷ
ˣ
һ񣬿˵
ҲĿһͷȥ
ɫȻˡ¶ڵĹ֡
⹵֪һƬͬҪ˶ȵ֮ڣĪ塣
ҲЩģ뵽ңڵͳһĿʵ䱸
ȥ
һ󿪿˵
˵֮󣬱׼Ծǹ֮С
Ȼʱ򡭡
ᣡ
һһĽɫâȻֵУ籡
˼£Ҳֲ˼¡
ݶʱʧɫѪɫһӿԾϿС
Ȼļȴһ˲䣬ϸ΢Ŀӣ
ʲôҵ壬ȻҲˣ
壬ǿȵؽƷﰡȻһ£Ȼֱӿһӣʲô
Ѫɫâӿָ塣ݣȴ֮ĵͷȥ
صĽɫâֱӳڵǿաǿҵĹâԲʮĿռ䣬ӳճһƬɫ쳣Ŀ
һµĿɲϢ·֮ǰһ㣬ֵУ˳
ȻӦʱݶʱһһϤζӿͷ
Ϲ⣬Ϲ
ݴһĿȥ
һ̣籡ĽɫâУһϸ΢µģȴҲµСģӵصֵУ˳
ռ䣬ʱһϸ΢ѺۣƾոڿС
ϹŽϹŽͽȻ˳ˣץסҪӣ
ڷʱݾѾعȻ󼸺붼û룬ǿ꣬ʱȻſӿ׼Ҫƿռ䣬ֱϹŽӿȥ
ݵ֮ǿ󣿵Բʱ򣬾ܹסϹŽһεϹľΪѾﵽڣǿȻֻ˲䣬ǽϹŽס
˭˭ҽ
ݽסϹŽһ˲䣬һŰȴͽȻԺը졣
ʶ
ݶʱ˼£ɴ۾
ϹŽȻ־
ȻݻعϹŽٶȱһǿҶµҪݵ
ϵǡݵ֮ȻȻ֮εĽסȻһϹŽҲѡٶȣԶûݲͣӿ֮ٶĿ죬޷ѡ
ֻǴһ˲֮Ŀһнâٶȴʢǿ֮ӿϣٶȽϹŽС
˭ȻҽıгƬ
ǱŰʶٶȺȻը졣
ʱȴǸӦˡ
־ȻŰ·ûжǿȻȴȻݵεĽס޷
ӦݶʱһеɻȴҲ̲סӿ
ϹʶʼɣǲʶġΪʲôϹŽУȻӵ־⣬⵽ô£
㡭ʲô
ݳĬƬ̲֮סѯˡ
ǶŶǶǱʲô߰ĶڵСޣ㽫ˣȱָΪȻгƬ̵ֱ
ǱŰ־񱩵ػص֮УǾӨ͸ɫСȴһֱҪ롣
ȻȻǺЧ
־ĻشҲЩ
شУȴһЩ
ڡ
Է֪ԼеȽס⵱еϢǲ١
ʣʲôݣ仰üѯʡ
ʲôݣߺߣ˵㣡ǡţ˭ǡ˭Сޣ˱Ȼ㰡
ǱŰٶֻǣһεĻش𣬸ǰԲȫûס
·Լݣһ֮ûӵıˡ
ʧ䣿üͷ
ſſ
ϹŽеıŰ־
Ҳ²⣬־ӦϹŽһ˵ġͬ˵ϹŻһ㡣ϹûԪ޵ġϹŻΪ˵ķȵԪ֮ʶʧϹŻϵһʶȴʧֻΪ־ɢĲȱȫöܾ֮ͻ״
Щʱ򣬷ȴȻ
ϹŽһˣ
ݶʱһ㶣ȴ΢΢˵ͷ
˵ҪȫշϹְ취һ֣ΪϣƳɷϹе΢ʶǻᱻɶʧһ֣ǲݷ֮пĨеǣȫշ
ô˵ˣϹŽӦǵĳǿߵķʱ֮ǿˣΪϹûԪƣһ־ȴ񣬼ȱһͷ
Ҳ²
ֿ󡣡ص
ſ˿еϹŽ
ʱϹŽı壬ڷŤһɱŰ־Ҳһֱڷ
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ԣ΢΢˵ͷ
ղű嶼ǸѣϹŽǺεȿֲ־ӵгϵǻۣϹŽ֮޷סԷ
ڣûа취־ĨӶϹŽ
Щڴѯʡ
Ϲÿһӵо춯ص
Ҳȫû뵽Ȼ֮أͻأϹŽ
ȻˣȻҲʹ˴


918 ӡص
ԣֻ̫ס
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Ŷݵüͷ΢
˲ǰʲôݣϹŽʶõʲôȻев£ױϹŽϹŽԲڿԽġΣա˵
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ȫֻҪһ㣬¾͹ݺһˡ
ϾһεϹŽӵʶġȻʶԵЩҲҲ֮ǰϹľϹŻֻ֮࣬ӵһģ־Ҫǿ̫ˡ
ʶͶ÷Ǽ־ǰ㣬ֻ롣
˵ס˵ȫûϷ֤з֮󣬻Ǿþʹ˷ſϹŽЩġѯʡ
ֻҪܹҵѹסϹŽȻ޷ˡĻشȴֱ
һۣⲻǷϻܹѹסϹŽȻһк˵
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뵽һ̾Ǿ͵ûϷ¡
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˴֮Ŀһü˵춦
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һְ취ʱѹƣ֮ˡԣƽԡϹŻϹŽҲǷ졣˵
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ݵָⲻͣĵ㶯һģǰ۳һ߲ʹšȥѤ˼¡

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ݵʶʱֳһϸ΢Ŀӡ
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ݵ߲ʹŷӡǿƥԹбŷΧһС߶ա
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ֻԭСһģϹŽʼŤΣһͷѾû߲ʹ֮С
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ϹŽšıһû߲ʹŵУҲԽԽС
գ߲֮ʹţʱâʢ壬Ȼһ
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һץץС
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⣬߲ʹŷӡϹŽ֮ģ
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߲޺ӡ˵ıӡΪ壬ԷӡϹŽǧꡣȵʱȥ֮˵ĽӦѾ޾ϹŽˡ

΢΢˵ͷҲ¶Цݡ
ֿһϹŽͷһָֻ߲򣬶ʱһ߲ϼ⣬ûؿλá
Ӧһ£δʲô쳣֮һĿһɨ·ȥ
ϹŽǴֵгġ
ƣѵΪ˹ϹŽ𣿡
ͷЩ
漴ȴһĿһַȥ
ʲôҪ֪֮
ţڵ֡

ԨȣԶԶĳݵһ·£Ѿһʱ
һʱ仰˵٣ҲѾɳǧ֮ң
ȻȻڳ·ӣҲ֪쵽ʲôط
ֱԵһ±ڡһ·еĵطеĵطȴΪ
ģʮȻģȴǡÿһ
ָоݱ棬ҲԽʲô
һ·£ʱԽԽݵı飬ҲԽԽ졣
֮صĵ£ж
ۼ䣬ʱ˹ȥݣҲһǱ˽ǧ
Ҫﵽжײ־ʲôԣȻǱǧȴȻûͣµ˼һ··ȥ
ӹһĸպýֻһ͸֮ͨ

ļȻ֮䣬һݵĶС
δعݣһ˲䣬У¶һ˿
һֱֱ֮ͨУȥ
ͨһ˲䣬·Ȼʡ
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ⶴ֪ɣǧɵ飬ڸ߸ߵ֮ϡһʶİ׹⣬ռ䣬
ȻݻȻĿ֮УһȺȺŵţŮӣ࣬ί߸衭
˵ܣ˵⡣
ˣ
˶βͣĳʱһȻͷ
һ飬󣬻ع


919 飡ĲƸ
ѹ֮ŷԼλá
΢һ漴ݣȴӲĿ·
飿⣬Щ飿
ݵɴ۾Լ
Ŀ⣬ʱѾӹ
¶ǳӴĿȥͷ
һ޴ޱȵ飬֮ϴ£ܣֻǧֹ
Ȼÿһ·һССˮ̶һε飬֮ϳͣȻ£·ˮ̶֮С
Ȼʱһɣصռ䡣𾪵ʱ򣬲һֱЩǿҧס֮ûٶԾ
顭Ե֮µĵص׶ѣѵЩȫ𣿣
һ䣬ɫǳ˺ɫ
Ҳû룬һΣֱӻһӰ嵽һˮ̶ߡ
С̽ͷȥ
һŨµˮ̶֮
顭飡һ·ˣ˰
˶۾ðž⡣
Ťͷһۡ
ˮ̶нǧһģʮֱСһЩģҲס
ЩĻôֵ
ݵһҼȥ
ãȻһ˷ܵ̽ͷȥ
ҲݣĻ֮أѾ꣬ңҲʮꡣҲ˵Щ飬˵׼ʮġ
˷
Խߣ鵱̺ҲԽǿ
磬һǧ൱һʯ
һ飬൱ʮʯ
ʮ꣬ǰĻ
Ǿ治֪Ǽֵʯˡ
϶Ѿףʮףףǧף
Ĳ˵򾳵飬Ǿй֮޲ˣ
ݴӻȡһƿǰˮ̶֮ҨһƿȻϸ۲졣
Ȼһ֮ȴ΢΢һüͷ΢
ԣȻ飬ǡ
ݸӦһ£һСƿԼĪжǧĻ͵ǧƷʯݸӦһ£ȴеԼĪֻڶƷʯˡ
ǧĲ࣬ǲ̫ˡ
ʮ򡭡ǵ˵һҲǰʯǧһڣʮڡƵĻǧʮ꣬ڰ򡭡Ҳ˵ݴһ֮һü飬ŸոճͣûоʵԣһֻʮƷʯˡ
뵽̧ͷȥ
ͷϷһӨ͸顣⵹ⶴвҲҡ
ݵĿ⣬ȴ֮ϡֻһճɫ飬˳ۼڼ֮ϣʱܻ
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һȻڻصšԤһʲôطˡ
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ֻĿĶǱгˮ̶еĶϲ㡭ʹŷ֣ˮ̶⵱УȻֲֳͬɫ
ģȻɫԼĪռȫ㡣ɫ棬ǵİɫɫݷǳϤǧɫɫռȫ㡣
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ǳɫ·һֽһɫɫ˼ֱ̲סҪ֮ʳȥϣûɢʲôŨġ֡ɫռʣһ㵱еĲ㡣
ײ㣬ֻбһ㡭
һīɫĸ֬״ȥƽ棬ֻռٷ֮ĳɷ֡
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ηɡ
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뵽ֱӴӻȡ˼ƿޡ
ֻ˼һָһˮ̶еĳȥɫ֮Һ壬ܵĳǣ벻ͬƿ֮С
ݰĵĵȴ
ԼĪֻСʱ֮ˮ̶֮гȥɫҺ壬ģ㶼úõݵƿ֮СȻһ˷ܵо
Ƭ֮󡭡
Ȼ飡Ҳϣ
۾ʱ
Щ֮ǿ󣬾Ϊʱ䡣֮ӵԲոճֵ飬ȻȴҲǿͨʱϴͨĳֹ̣٣еȴԽԽŨҡǳΪֿȵĵǿ߶õϵݸ̾š
ԭңڵȡֻ֮ң꣬Żľۼôһɣ
ݿһСƿ
Сƿֻװһҵīɫ֬״顣
īɫ֬״飬ûκεɢݸղÿڲһ㡭ֻôһ㣬ﱬӴޱȵȻǰ顣
ֻ㣬һ飬ԼĪ൱ǧƷʯ
ղһСڣȻ٣¶൱Ʒʯˡ
һСˮ̶ջΪ
ǧԼĪǧٽʮʮ飬һ
ڰǧǧ顣򣬰ǧƷʯ
⣬ֻһСˮ̶
Ҫ֪ˮ̶ǳǧ򰡣УӵĴ
ݵ۾ȫ
ǾԵأΣҲܷŹˡ
ţҲ˿ͣһΣһˮ̶˹ȥ
ҪģǽЩǧϵ飬ȫߡ
˵ǧµġʵòԣɡ
ӣݿʼ˷ܵĲɼ֮á
һޣƿװ
֪ڸɵ飬ֻ´඼Ҫʵĵɳ۾
ǿҲ⡣
ÿһգݵĿڴ
ۼ䣬µʱ˹ȥݣҲһƬĲɼ


920 
ص鶴֮С
һĿǰޣƿָڲͣĵ㶯
һ鶯Ľɫķɳûǰƿ֮ϡ
⻪Ѥ
Щƿ㶼ԴԭģҾ󲿷ҲǴϹżгġϹʱĲ
ϴԣƿеĴռȴҪСࡣһޣҲʮˡƿ͸СһЩԼֻ޵һ롣
ǰЩƿǵؾʬĴеõġ
ЩУӵʯϣҩͬʱҲרԱҩУƿ֮ڵĶңǲ١
ҺõõЩޣ񣬻ЩԽˡš
ݵǰƾƵƿһ㣬ȥΪ׳ۡ
ָĽɫĲͣûЩƿ֮ϣÿâһ֮Щƿ֮ϣǸֳһ
ЩǡǧЩǡ򡱣Щǡʮ򡱣򡱡
û
Ǻš
Щƿƿ޹޿ȥӶ࣬ΪԺʹ㣬ȻҪֱעһ¡
һæʱʱ䡣
ˡ
һƿ֮ݳ³һЦݡ
ǧ飬ڽ飬ǧʮ飬ʮ飬
˵˵ţȴѿЦ
ȲƸ൱ʮڽǧ顭һʴƸҼУҲΪ˵ġǺп
ٺ١ٶȺЦ
µʱ䣬ɵЦû뿪ݵӡ
ľʮǿԽȻǰѹԼıģϲɫԡڵݣм֡ϲŭԡԶΪζ
ⲢĻȻ֮
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޾ͿޣЦЦȻ
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ʮڽġǧ顱Ǹʲô
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ͻƵǰһĻҲǧ˰ʮ
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һֱ죬ȴûġ
ۻ
ﵽȾ˵ĳ̶ȣʵ

ѹ˶ϲģѰҴδ˵ִĵ֮ءɺôһ˼ĺ˵һĳȶĵ֮أõĲƸţȴԼ޷
ʱ֮޴ơܹҵһ֮أ޾ۻǽһ԰ɵӴء
飿飿
ҡҡͷЦ˦ЩƮɵ˼
ֵͷһ·
ΪǰϵѾȫɼϣѾʧƵ֮µɵˮ̶ҲǴȵˮȫݵ֮С
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ⶴΪλãȫֻһְˡǰһ״Ȼȡ
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һֱæռ飬ȻЩ棬ҲȥѾռϣҲʱȥ濴ˡ
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վֱΣŵȣ˹ȥ
ȼΪڶݲƽ±ڡ·ǸС֮󣬱Ҳû顣ʧȥɢĹâΧĹߣҲ𽥵İ
ȻѾǰڵ˵ڰȴ㲻ʲô
ѣҲ֪쵽ʲôطһ·Уš
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ⶴڣٶȻԶԶ档ˣݵٶȣʱҲɳࡣ
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һ뵽֮صӴ뵽µⶴҲݵҲûʲôˡ
ַһ֮ݺȻãȣǳ·ȥȻǳŸȥˡ
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ȻȥǴȻ͵ġǴһ·˽ȴ˿ûгκζϲⷽͿԿ
ʵΪġ
պ֮ͬأֻͨǵңڵˣΪ˷ȡ飬ٵİɣ
кţǰ

ʱȻš
ݵķУ֪֮䣬ʱ˹ȥһϣѾ֮ңˡ
һսǡ
ˣһ¡
һֱĬһ·ķȻˡ
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ȻΧһУȴûаֵı仯ȥһ
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ȻƬ֮üͷѹĸ͡
鷢ֲˡô£صѯʷ
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ǵϵġ֮Ʒǳ֪оŵˡЩص˵
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󷨣ǽ֮ضܵĴڡ統˵һ㡭ǲط򡣶ƣܿסǿߵġҲڲطġϹʱֽƣǱ֮
Ϊ֮
ӵ꣬ԵĽƣ
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΢΢ͷЩ鷳ˡ
ݽüͷ
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ңǴ鷳
Ϊ
ֽ֮ڣͷ·ڵǿߵĵ֮С
ֻڶԷһ֮䣡


921 ֮
ݵüͷţͣԭأ̧ͷĹš
ΧһƬžڻ谵ͨһ˿ҲûСԭݻֻ̫žЩʱȴеһɹɭ
ô죿һ߿ܣһѯʷ
漰εĶԼûаƳĿˡҲֻܿǷа취
֮Ӧ鷳ΪͬĽƣ֮ƢҲͬɱɱ⼫ءǻǧ򻯡سšһ֣ӦԡΪһƱƣЩ飬ܾᷴˡ
֮飬ûκԪƵġΪֽ飬һ֮ҲֻڽƵлԶ롣ƵĴڶڣǽƱƣ֮飬Ҳɢԣһйжовˡпܻᱬ
⡮֮൱ڵǿߵĴڡǵı൱ڵǿߵıڸǿҪƳǵĽƣҲһ򵥵顣Ʊı仯˵ӵʶǿıƷѡ
ԡ鷳˵
ԣüͷѹĸͣа취Ƴ𣿡
ڵıӡ˲ȻңҲֻϡжǷ˽ơƵ֮Ҳ޴ӷ֡ӡ޷󡣡˵
Ļüͷٶȴ壺ô죿
֮飬Ȼӵʶȴǵ˸µʹĿǰӦ󡣼Ȼ䲼ߵĿģΪˡвߵ־ɱǼ١ֻҪûʲôٶŰ
ܲһֱɣü˵
пܱһӡ
Ҫ֪ؾĵ֮أ˲ٵĵǿߡݿɲ벽Ǻ󳾡
Ȼᡣ֮ȴǵֻҪܹӡ̵ʮٶȽףƸסҡеѪϹľ֮춦ѹֻҪܹһֱκβˡ
һҲ΢΢˵ͷ
ǿǿǵ򣬵֮УΪãȻ޷ʹ÷֮
ǵеǿߣǾԲǿߣĹҲֻеƫݵѪȴǷı塣ݵӰ죬˵΢΢ġ
Ȼǿ߲ǵǿ󣬹ҲǷǳĿֲڰ˲Ѫ޷סġãϹľһм춦ѹϹľٶȷɡ
˵ҵûһʱ䣬һˣü˲Ҫ̵ʮϡǰ궼ȥˣʱ㡭
ԣʱһŻ
ǵʱ䣬ʵࡣ
뵽ֳĬȥҲüͷ˼š
˵Ļֻеڶ·ˡڵȴƬ֮󣬷
ô죿ݾһ
󣡡
΢΢һâһ֣

Ѿ޷ñ֮ˡ΢΢һüͷ
Ҫӵаϵʩչ֮ɵպֻ˰ī죬ƣ˵ʱ򣬿ʩչ
ʱѾȥ˶ʮ֮꣬޷ˡ
ԣҪæε˵
еİæȻʹô󹭡ҲѿռܹƳ󷨡֮飬ȴʶġܵݵѿռλ¾ͻᱬ
һ㣬ת䣬Ѿˡ
ԣ˵Ҫ顱æʵһꡣ
껹Ƿǳǿģ겻֮һ÷ָ˽ʮ
ʮ꣬ԼǹĿǰ֮һҵĳ̶ȡ
뵽Ҳ˹̾һ飬ԼҲŵİɡô
ƾ˷ԸƬ֮УҲʲô
֮Ǿ˵ġ
⻰һ֣صĿǰҲˣڣԼҪģٴνżʱһͬԴ飬ָġ
־£ﲻѾˡܰæܿģҪʲôŵҪ٣ֱȡҲˡȴ˵
ԣ΢΢˵ͷȴΪп
ԴԴ飬һֱǵѣū͡ԵĻҲů
Ǿɡֱ˵
áӦһЦָ֮ƣסǵġ
΢Цŵ˵ͷ
£󹭣㶼ȡ˳ʶͨһͨ󷨿ռ䡣
ʱ䣬ı棬˽ɫĹâڵأĵȴš

ɫ⻪ͣתڷ֮䣬ԭѾΪͨķʱƣһ˿ڵĹâʼڽ֮ϳ͡
ģһƹϢת
ʱ䣬Ȼšۼ䣬ʱ˹ȥ
йϣһٶȣһ
ˣˡ
ݵԺ
飬ˡȴǿ˵
û¡΢ԵЩ
ͬΪӵӡÿʱÿ̶ҪάϵЩӡȻΪϹ嶼ѾȫߣҷӡƷҲǳĸߣԷĲ󡭡Ҳʱ޿̲С
ͲͬһĵؽƷ飬󷨿ռ䵱УҲûҪرĵĵطҵؽױﱾ;߱ǿ׳Ĺܣԣ֮ݲѰͬԴ飬ҲĴỺĻָ
һһʧ֮ȻԵЩʱ֮󣬾ͻָˡ
ţȥϢɡݵ˵ͷվ̧ͷǰڵͨһǸô죿
ĿǰƷ׻޷͸ʵҲֻķˡȴˬЦ
ķĿһУЦá
أ϶ʱѪɫâκһзʱ̶ֱ˻һѪɫĽâֱӱǳǰȥ
ûת䡣Ϊ֪ת䣬ҲƵСĿ꣬±ڣ
ڵ±ڣȥ͹ƽ쳣ݣ˲Ϣ֮䣬Ѿ˽ǰ
ڣ
⣬±ڡ
Ȼ±ڱеһ˲䣬âȻʢ

һ·ܣͬʱը졣һɺƵӴ˷ѹ·Ҫݣֱѹ


922 ֲѹ
϶ֽҲΪŹ֣ǹɳȺͨ
ǣݾˡ
֮ǲط򡣡аš
ⲻʶֶΣΪʶ˵ĻǻҪõԡͺݳεʱ򣬾Ͳʹùʶ
Ȼϵ֮ȴԶҪ˼ӦݵԺСⳬԵĽ綨еƵ֮
ΧӴҲݵ
·ڷ±ڵһ˲䣬ͼһ㡣ΧĿռ䣬ѹ˹

һֻ˲䣬ݵĹǿʼͬͲһ΢΢
ÿֲݰ룬֮ԲǿߵĹҪĿֲ
ǵ򾳵
˼ţ漴ȴ͵һҧѪɫâȻʢǷҲȻٽһ֡
ķâ޿ƥСɫ±ڿƼȻڷǰȴͬһ鶹һ㣬Ҳֵס
ǣΧĿռͻȻѹǿȴݵͣ˰գ·Ҳ޷ٽһ
£һ޿ƥеڲѹ·Ҫֱѹһ㡣
ס
һ˫Ŀ졣£Ѫɫƣȥͬȼһ㡣
ĶȫȥΧӴѹ

ͣı죬ݵ壬ʼŤΡһɾҵʹݵȫ
ѪѾ˲֪ٴˣѾﵽ˵ĳ̶ȡѵʹϰߡ
ֲֿʹ޷ҡݰ֡Ŀ磬һֿӴѹһ棬ǰݽ
һһֵĳǰǰ
ߣ
һߣٶΧȻٶǿ
ڡ
飡
һ죬ŤΣȻ䣬ըһƬѪ
ǣȴȻǽ֮С
Ȼڴʱֻ¡¡һɽҡһ֮ǽͻȻͬһŤҪͨѹȥ
ᣡ
ɫâȻʢ
ԭѾһƬѪ壬ͻȻɫâƬ֮ݵΣٶȳ֡
һ֣ϱðѪɫâٶȳŷ˹ȥ
Ϲľ
ǲϵȳ
ݵΣֻ˲䣬ǱٶӿĿֲѹ֮
ѹͬɽ׺ӿƵޱȡ
ǽص
ֲ
ݵҲȷǿȻѹǿ󣬵ǼһϢʱ䣬Ӵ˷ʹ÷ֲһ֡
ʵֲ̫Ѫڰ˲㣬Ҳֻ֧һϢٶȱѣһƬѪ
һλظ֮ʶУԭ춦һѹѾȫȶϹľȻٶ˷ɵļ
һμ춦ѹ֮ݶϹľķɣѾ⡣һĻȴЩ̾
һΣԲǿߵĹδ壬ϹľȻǿҡȻһΣ൱ڵǿߣ֮˲֪Ҫǿ١ȻȻָһΣȻһ˿ɵļ󡭡Ȼ춦ѹϹľ˵
һû壬ͷǿҵļҪݵʶըһȴ嶼ѾָһΣȻ΢һ˿ɵļ󡭡
ϹľȻûбȫշ춦ѹ֮󣬡ѹԣ˲֪ٱ
˼һѹסһ˿Ϲľâ֣ٶȻָ
һ֣ΧĿռ䣬ٶȷĳѹֲֽӴһϢ֮ٶȽѹ
飡
ᣡ
飡
ᣡ
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ѹԴϹľĿǰҲֻ΢һ˿ɵļ󣬵ݵʶ֮£ȫѹסɵǿҳ̶ȣԶ֮ǰֱī죬ƣһ΢ĶࡣԣҲڲͣĻָݵ塣
ݵȻܿסȿֲѹÿһλָܼŴܹ÷ǰ̳һ㡣
¡¡
ͨڷǽͬһ㣬񼷶Ҫ±֮СȴͬһöӣΡȻټÿһζܴѾûСˡ
ŷԽǽ֮УҲܸоǿռеѹҲԽԽˡ
һ㣬вûаֵľ֣һ
ԽԽǿҲţ飬ԽԽˡ
ĹЧġ
˵ʵٶȴǿ쵽˼¡
ݵֻѹ֮¼һϢʱ䡣Ϲľָݵ壬ҲֻҪϢ
̶̲ӵʱ䣬ݵѾ˽ٴΡҲѾдǽڵС
ݵ岻ͣıѣѪֲԣҲ˳
ٴεѣӴѹ֮£ѾԼֽϢʱˡ
ۿţĽѾҪͷ
Сͣ£ҷȥ
ڴʱǲϵȴͻȻٶ
ݵΣһƬâУָȻһΣӴѹȴʧӰ١
ݵְ˷֮ϣһ֮ʱȴͣЩ̧ͷ
¡¡
һѰҡΡǰ±ڣͬһ㵴ģֳһƬ⡭ȴһ綤һȵĶ粨һ±֮ϡȥмֹ졣
·ĶⲨһ±ڣͬһռ䡣
ȥɡϵٶ
һ£ȴȫݵϡû뵽飬ȻЭ
üվԭأȻȵĶ±ڵеķ֮Ż˭
ΧһƬĬ֮ǲϵŻ𣺡ƵĽ顭
ҪƭҡȻȴǺɵĴ˲Ļ΢΢ҡҡͷȻʶϾɱҲֻǱܷӦ֮ǰǾܻЭġ㣬ǽ顣
֮ǿסǿߵĽơȻʶԲͬһ㣬ƲѡЭĻ˭ҲʲôƣֻҪ΢ǿһЩǸֱӾͿ߹ȥ
ȻκβݣʵҲûҵƵ㡣ݿһ־սҪܳʱ䣬ԷƳơҲ˵ƸûƳ
ʱϵȻֱӿڣҪ뿪
͹Źˡ
³ֲǰ׳գȻܻǰ粨һĺɫ±֮С
ȻݵѯʣȴһƬĬ
ݵȴƬ̣ȴش𣬵ӹһ˿ЦɵģзȻԱһ
˺
±֮ϣʱһӡ
ס֣
ݵж·һӴǲϵٶȾţǿֲޱȵѹٶϮݵ壬˲䱬ѳһ̯Ѫ


923 ս
ѪȻֻϢ֮âݵٶȳ֡
ϴЦûκγɣһֱ֣ס˷ٶȳԱһ
˺
ԭ粨һ±ڣʱٶѿһӡǸϵĺɫҲǸѡ
ס֣ס֣
Ӵѹ֣ϵٶ
ݵѾԼϢŽȴǳұ߷˹ȥģҪŷ±һֱиȥһ㡣
ΧӴѹҲûаãݵƶٶȣǳĻ
Ϣʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ɳˡ
һ׵ĸۣ±֮ϡ
ɶ񰡣
ǲϵͻȻŭһ
飡
һը죬Ϣ֮ݵ壬ٶȱѡ
ǻֻѪڰ˲㣬ѹ֮£Ѿ˲֪ٴˡϹľ֮ٴεı壬Σ̶ȴûٶϹľѾֹͣ˷ɡ̶ȵκβˡ
â֣ٶȳˡ
Ҳڣһ֣ǵһʱס˷Ȼֱ±и
ɶ񣡿ɶ񣡿ס֣
ϵ𡣵ѹƺҲֻôһ㣬ݵѪõϢʱҲܼ֡ԣϢ֮Ѻۣʮס
飡
壬ٶȱѡ
ʮףʮףʮס
·ַ֮ǰֽ࣬ݵβͣıѣ±֮ϵĿӣȴԽԽ
±ڷ·һֺɫҺ̬ݡźɫâ֮Ѻۣȴ޷޸·ںɫҺ֮Уиһ޷ֺϵĺۼԵüΪ졣
ѺԽԽǺɫУҲ¶һ˿Ұס·ƻĳֶ
ۼ䣬СʱȥѺۣѾǧ֮ң
ǲϵŭԽԽݣԽԽƽ
⵹һĥѪĺ÷аԵš
ѪһſֲͨŹƶᴩʼաÿƻһΣڤڤһͻǿһΡͺɸ֣մﵽ𣬼ޱȵĳ̶ȡ
֮ǰѪݻҪһȡϾѪҲĲѪҺȫʧĻҲûа취ٻָ
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Ϲľ޵ָ塭ֻҪϹľɣ¼ûκζܹɱ
֮ȷǿֲޱȣǻˡǵǿߣ¶һĪչϾѹֲ̫ˡ
ϧƫƫݡ
ѪҲˣƫƫвƵķ޻ָϹľԼѹϹľɵļ춦
˿ֲĽƵУҲ硣˿ûѹ
֮ǰЩ̫ˡϾֻǽ֮飬ĵǿߡﵽǿߵĲΣȴûıؼĵ̣ǲˡһĻҲһЦ
ϴһ˿Цݡâٶȳ֣Ҳû˿ĳɣٶŷɳסٶȱѡ
ˣôһֱȥЩѯʡ
Ͼϣеʱ䡣Цػصҿϲ˶ˡûѾԽԽ𣿡
ţҲоˡѾЩҡֽ࣬ҲҪ˶ãƶҪ¶ʱ򣬾׶Ըˡ֮ȴǵ˵ͷ
Ȼǰ±Ҳ˺ɫԷĿ⣬ȴǲѿǽƱ塣ĽƣӦںɫ±ڵеġһǧ׵ѺۣҲ΢΢һ˿ҡ
ңǽƵĽṹƻ֮ŻġȻĸӦ
ȷ˼Ʊˡ
ҲȷΪǿ󡭡ԷƻȻĿǰΪֹҲ΢ƻһ˿ˡ˵
ͨĽƣ֮ʱҪֱƳ壬ȫʧƣڷĿֲƻ֮£ĿǰҲһ˿𣬿ɼ
ӣղ˽±ڵУȷǲ⡣˵
ԣЦ
һ㣬Ȼܹĳ
㿴ǲĽ飿ݺȻѯʡ
룬̫ǻҲǱȽϸߵġղƭˣЭжϡ
֮Ҳ΢΢˵ͷ
ǲЭġղŶԷͻȻЭ̬֮չ˶Էûбı࣬Ҳ׵Эԣ϶ƭݡ
⣬Щжˡ
Ͼ飬Ҳǻƭ˵ġ
أȺһʱҲĺܡҿʱĿԱȽϴ󡭡ôϳϹľ
ݵһλָʱϵͳˡϹľĸȻ֮һֱûᣬȴġ
ǵӵϹľ֮󷨵УҸܹϹľ򣬽ǲ֪Ϲľִڵġ
˵Ҳܵһʱϳ
Ͼûʲôпɹѧϰ֪ϹĴڡ
ڽƣһƬֽȻʶ֪ʵҲǷǳ޵ġ
Ȼһ˵ûʲô
ҵǺϣ鲢ǡ顯ĲлꡣĻ˵׼ľϲҲ˵
ǡ顱ҲãҲաڣ޷˵ݡʲôأ
ΨһҲǡĻԼ֪̫顣Ļô飬ԴĿе֪ˡ
˵ңڵԵԼĵͳ֮ڡ
Ȼõ飬ǵõءҲʵǲǵͳ
νͳ֮⣬Ӧûйؼġ
һϹʱڵĳɣ۷Ĺʲôأ
ڴ
ԣһҲûٶ˵ʲô
ݣⳡս

飡
˺
·һߵѭС屬ըȻâ˸ٳ֣ŷ±ڣȻٱը
ɶ񣡿ɶ񰡣
ݵĴƽǲϵȴԽܻ
αŭҲκβӵѪϹľԼ춦ݡ
ͺ񶦵ǣݵȫȶޱȡ
ټϷĿֲɱˡ
ԭǿƵһ֮£ǱƣƵһ
ֻǰڵСһﰡΪʲôΪʲôɱ
ѵѾȫϹľ
ɼȫˣ壬ڡɱ֮£ӦϢҲ޷֧ţҪֱӱѹ


924 飬
Ϊʲôܹסɱ󡱵ѹӵһ˼󷨽Ƶĳ
ϵŭ죬ȴҲ˼㡣
ľôȻΧطšɱ󡱣ļѹһͻȫָݡ
¡¡
֮䣬һĲڵͨ·Ҫ̮
ʱô˹ȥݶǵѾѹ˶ٴˣѹȷǿֲ¡ûм춦֮ǰһѹֻϹľͲ֪ٴˡ
Ȼʱƣȴ֣壬ѾԽԽǿڣӴѹ֮£ѾܹϢһʱˡ
ѪŵھŲס
ѵѪطȻпܻͻƵھŲ㲻ɣ
һ֮ȴӿ𼸷־ϲ
Ѫڰ˲㵽ھŲ㣬ǾǷǳеһ׶Ρڴ֮ǰ֪Լʲôʱܹﵽ
ȻԲǿӵƻѪԽսԽǿ֡ԽƻҲԽǿᡣԲǿߵп޷ƻ塣
ǣǲʾﵽھŲˡ
ﵽھŲ㣬Ĺ޷õһʵԾԲǿߣȻҪǷı֮޷õĻôֻһɳǿҲвԲǿߡʵȻж
ϾƾϹľҲѾȫԲǿˡ
ҪսͱﵽھŲ㡣ֻе˵ھŲ㣬ǿ
ԲǿߣҲɱ֮
ԣʵǷǳڴѪܹﵽھŲġֻΪû£һֱҲûϾڰ˲ǿȣѾ൱ڵؽƷܹƻģǲࡣ
£ȴ·ǿһϣ
Ĺ൱ڵǿߵĹȫԽһδεƻڣĴﵽھŲ㣬Ҳ˵׼
뵽аϲȴ˼±ڵٶȡ

һһΣݵ岻ͣĻֱָѣ޾ѭ
ʱȻ˹ȥ
ݹٶԽԽܳܵʱ䣬ȴԽԽ
ǣΪ˲ǽɡÿһϢʱ֮ͻֿȻӴѹѹ顣
ÿһγ֣Ȼǻ׵ľ롣
ɫ±֮ϵѺۣѾ˰ʮȥĿġ
ѿѺ۴ڹȻںڹ棬һҰɫĹСԼԿЩѾѣѵıԵһ˿ĺڹ޷ָ
֮󡭡
һѺۣڼִ֮
һڼϢ֮󣬷˵ֿ壬ٶȱѡ
̶ʱ䣬壬ʵѾԼֳϢңԸٶ
ݹţҲ޷˺ʱѪھŲ㣬ӦþͿ޳ˡ
ȻһٶȻָס˷ʱǹӴѹȴǺȻʧˡ
ס΢һüͷ
СӮˡһķȥ
֮ǰϵһֱѡʱ·ǿݸϻԷǰ
ȻʱĲٶ˵Ļȴüͷһ塣
ţݵǰ±ڣȻһټĺɫⶴһͨݵǰ
ݲɵŤͷȥ
һԲͬͨ
׹ͣһſž޴ޱȵʯǶͨı֮ϣɢʵĹ󣬽ͨӳյӡһ޴ʯ˿Ϸڵ֮ϣȥׯ
ȻݵĿ⣬ȴ˲䣬Խ˳ͨĳһϡ
һΣϥ
һߡ
Žɫۣ뷢ףǡϥʯ֮ϣüĿ·ڱĿ
ǿߵʬ壡
ݵĿʱһݽص֮󣬼ĵһʬ壡
ˣͨϣûнƲȥġ
ʱԺ
һȴδһʱ̤ϣתͷ̧ͷĹͨȻڵһΡ˭
ϵĬ֮ŻصҵȷǴ˵صĽ顣
üͷʱ΢΢һ壬ȴǲϵŵȴһࡣ
࣡
ݵĿ⣬ʱһңڵˣ
֪ңڣǲʱЩȣ֮󣬲૵ңڡңڡǺǣң
ૣԴֿɬֳԼУмԹ
Թȴ΢һüڵǲǣ
ǲϵٶȳĬƬ֮󻺻ҵȷңˡҼ䣬ңӦǰѾʧڶؽ磬ε֪ģСôģ˵ϵУҲ˼ɻ
ȻĻȴһ
ǰ
ңԭȻڶؽ磿ңѾˣ
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ݿŹġߵһƬء嫲֪ǿơǱȴ󻪹ڵҪǿĶĴڡ
佣ڵĹż¼Уйضдء˵ڶؽ磬ӵдϰļšƿֲ֮
ңڹȻǳɡܹڶǿƵĵطɣռһ֮صģǷ֮
аţͬʱְӹɳȺϵ˲²ĹȻؾͨĳռ϶ڹɳȺġ
뵽ݿȴ˵ĵ֮أһɽҵңǰķĹǴĹ֪ġ
Ĺ֮ϵȻϹ֣ȴʶЩ֡
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վԭأҲûдߴ١֮ȴֽ±֮ϰ˳ַ˴֮С־վԭء
һ±֮ϰγʱ±ڱǽ䶯Ƭ֮ԭ˰ʮѺۣʧӰ١ȥѾȫָ
ȻݵıȴûаֵĶݡ
֮޸һ㣬Ѿ֪ˡ
ȻĬ֮󣬲ϵΡȻһ̾ͲͻȻĿ
ΪʲôҪ£û취ȴܹʱ˵㡣ǰɵ¡ȴ΢΢һЦ˵
Ĭ̾ҵȷɵ¡һΣֻҲɾͣˡ
΢΢һЦȴδش⣬ǻһתǰ꣬׷ʲô£ңڸ𣿡


925 񹬵
ӦݵǳĳĬ֮ǲϵŻȻܹ֮أҲͨˡǧƽ⣬ҲԼĲ²˰ɣң
ǧƽһ漴׹֪ԷָǡؾҵȷǷ˰ңһˡ徭һǷǳĺ档
ҲûʲôģһȺ̰֮ҪңڵͳˡϵƺԸϹᣬݵĻͻȻòĻҲ˵˵أҲΪңڵĵͳɣңѾɢңҲ˲ˣߵ˵أҲңԵңڵĵͳõҲ˴С
ѭͨ߹ȥͿԵִңڵĵͳ֮ءҪͳȥɡ
˵仰ǲϵͣ
ȴһüͷʶĸоԼղŵһ仰ƺǴĳַ֮ӦƺҲԵЩ̫
üվԭءȻ˼һ̧֮ͷȻǰԸ˵ĳҲˡлǰ
˵仰ݺɣһǰǸ֮ͨС
ѾӦͨӦûκġ
ݿ粽߳ڵĽ̤ͨľ޴ʯ̾͵ĵ·֮ϡȻŻͷһ
ľ±Ǳˡ
ֵģһͨһźɫĹ⻪ڹ⻪Уڵͨ
Ȼݻعͷ󣬲ʱһźɫ⻪ȻأͨҲʧӰ١ȡ֮ģȴһǰȫһɾ޴ʯ̾͵ĵ·ȡ
ȼҲ֪쵽ʲôط
ȴϡܹӦǰһ֮ңһεĽơ
ͨ󷨿ռ䡣ѹ޷߳ݿһĻ˹
ڵĶܹƳƵĻ߹ȥӦòҪ̫áݾĿȥ²š
ǽһڶ档ȻΪػµġ
ֻ֪ǲʲôݣγΪǽƵĽأЩš
ʶģܸо鲻ô򵥡
꣬һֱû롣ϵһνӦԶַӦû˵ʵһ㡣
ꡭǺεƳ£
ǵǿߣҲܻҰɣ
ǽڿ˵Լ࣬ôƾõ£ڵһʱַӦ»ἤԳ֣Ҫѯݡ
ȻûС
˿޷оѾнû˽Ȼ˵Ļһ޷ԡ
ѵ굱У˽ؾЩš
漴ȴҡҡͷĿӹһ˿â
ˣô˵ȻҶȥ̽һ̽һ㣬Ҳˡ
ţݵûκγɡֿһûڰĽƣ̧ǳ˵ʬ˹ȥ
ѾϢȴȻŨҡ
ǵǿߵġ塱
塱ԶԶݵѪڰ˲ǿᡣ٣ҪͨķƷ巨е壬ҪǿĶࡣ
ᴥһߣϱʱâʢϵıһ˳
Ȼؽױ
ݵʱһɵģؽױԼɨԼĴС
ʮˡаš
һν֮أѾõʮؽױ
Щؽױ鶼ѾȫҲŪʲôƷ׵ġһؽƷıܲġ
һԳӵͷʬ壬֮󣬺Ȼһ֣ߵʬҲ˴ڡ
Ǵ뿪֮ٽߵʬ֮ء
ЩǿߣȻݵõǵĶͱҪһ
ݵΪѾԽǿڤڤ֮УѾܹӦ֡ǿߣһǳжǿߵľ⡣һ棬ʵҲΪ˶һ
ȻȥЩ˶ѾˣʲôҲɢˡݻѡ
Щ֮Ťͷһνƣӹһ˿âתŸȥ

һͨȻǺķѴɣ¾޴ʯذ壬ֳһɻׯϡɼ̾ͨˣҲΪˡ
ǽ˵ңѾ˽ꡭ˵ЩʯҲҲʷˡǰ񡭡
ݿµʯȴš
һ̺ºĶõ
ͬʯֱ̺ȴӵмѵĹܡ
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󲿷ҩڿУҩЧʧֻУҩԡʯƷ׹ߣӵҩҩЧĹܡ
ʯƷףʱƶıġ
˵ʱԽƷԽߡ
ݽЩ׳һʯÿһ鶼ǾӨͨ͸ȥû̺˿ʡΣ֮Ʒ֮ߣֻȫҲҲ
ЩǳʯóȥҲһʲƸ
ݿһ֮󣬵Ҳûȫ˳ߵƻԾٶȻһʲƸҪ۲ƸݣһҲȱ㽫ͨʯóȥֻҲֲǧǧġݶԣνǾţһë
жңҲм־⡣ô˵һɡѾõе飬ҲԸ⽫ͳ֮أҲŪĿӿݣưܲѡ
һŵ棬ŵŵĶʢ뷱١
ͨۡ
һ·ȥлмֽ䱸ģ⣬ʵȴʼڹ۲ܡ˷Ҳʱ̹עܣǷصĽơ
ԼĪһʱ֮
ٶתһսǣǰͨͽȻȻʡ
ݵĽŲȴ˲ͣ
ɴ۾𾪵ĳǰȥ
һټޱȵĹ㳡ݵǰ
㳡ʮ㡣̧ͷȥԭʮɸߵĶҲȻȥԼĪǧ֮ߡ
㳡󷽣һΪΰĹׯΡ룬ͨ԰ɣȥӨ͸ص׵Ĺ㳡֮ϣɢһŨĲãϢ
񹬵ֻһ㹬̫ߡԼĪҡȻڹϷҶ֮ϣԹŴдŹִ֡ɫ֣ɢŨĹһɺƵƥϢֵУתԤдҶģǼǿǿߡ
Ȼ𾪵ģҶҲ⹬
ǹ㳡


926 и
Ŀȥ㳡֮ϣʬǡЩʬǣЩѾֻʣµĹͷȻǰȴʮϢһˣʬǵǰ
ʮˣŮһ㶼Ŀϡ
ˣ·ڽĳֳݣʽΧһý㳡һʮɵĸ̨Χġ
һ˵ĹϢһ˲䣬ݵࡣɴ۾֪ηӦ
ʮǿߡǿߡ
Ҫǡ
Ȼɫװ
ɫװ
Ҳ˵ˣͬɡ֮ǰйңڸһв²⣬һ˲䣬ȫƷ
ΪﲻôҲǾҵĴսʮǿߣŮСϴġɫ
ۣۣۣۣۣ
ЩؾУݼеɫ
ڶаҪɱζ˵ĸоǸͬһŵˣһˡ
ǣ⵽ô£
ݵɴ۾Уȴת
ؾ֮ڣοռ֮Сһʬǣ໥ɱһɫ˺ˡ
ǰһĻȴ˵ˣɫˣʵǵж
ɼȻǵжΪʲôֻ໥ɱ
⵱Уǳʲô⣿
ԴȴҲ벻еĹؽڡ
ֻܴĿǰ޴Ĺ㳡
Щ˵Ϊȥڽĳһּǣڽʲôǣôģ
еƣһ˲
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ݵԴͻȻһ飬ૣѵǷѾ֪٣
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иоǷʲô˲õˡֻܣڻһ¶Ȼǡ

ݴĿǰ޴Ĺ㳡֮Ƶʬǡã𽥵Ļعƽ
Ŀӹʬǡ˼һ֮Ĭǰȥ
һĿƽĵǿߵǰ֣ǵǿߵϡ
ʱâʢ漴ؽױ۵ĵǿߵϵһ
һĻüͷ΢塣
ϡ
˵ЩǿߣδϵõؽױҲ˵
֮صĵǿߣԪɺԶġûеôˣôؽױȴŲʡ
г˼š
Ƭֽ̣ԼͬǿߣȫԼĴС
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ЩʬǣȻȴмģֻʣ°׹ǡиģӵ
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ЩʬǣͬҲɫСһƷ˵йؾԼңڵֲ²⡣
ЩʬϣͬҲдƵĴЩݶԣҲһʲƸȻûн֮£ȫȡˡ
Щ˵ʬ֮ϣݻõ˲ٵ
ЩƷѾоʧ˷
ؽױǰҪɢο鶼ûУֻάתµʴ֮£һķ
Ҳֻдӵпռıֵܵùʱʴ
ʱʱ䣬ݽеĴʱû˼ȥЩе׶Щʲô̧ͷ˹㳡Ǹߴɵİ񹬵
񹬵ɢŨĲɣϢͨ徧Ө͸ȥۼ
ʲô֣ѯʷ
и󡣡·ҲӦݵƺЩأĻش
иôǽ飬ûƭҡһ
㳡ϵһĻǽԽĻΪǵãǽĻش
һȺ̰֮Ҫңڵͳˡ
ǵսĻشȻ㳡ϵʵȴشԵ̫ˡ
̰̰֮֮ƽһм룬ͬȴĽ٣
аԾ裬֮ȴҲû̫ĳɡ̧ǳǰ񹬵ȥ
㳡ʮֻһѾ˹ſڡ
Ŵ̵ޣػŴšҲʨʨƻǻһϡԿλǷǳ͵ġֻΪǰ̣ͨ徧Ө͸Էȱ˼ͣ˼졣
ݿһ֮󣬱Ҳٹעǳȥ
񹬵ĴǶŵģУһȡǰȻҲ⡣
ֻӨ͸ʯɵȣֳһ˵ݻСھͷһȰŽգҲĶ
Ǹеʲôԣҡһߣһ˵
֪ˡӦ
ݵ²ǰ
Χİǽ֮ϣҲޡضӡݣҲϲκһ
ⲢϹ塣˶ĵ̣ӦÿϳһֲǡϾĿռڣвϹ塭
Ӧǻػͼڡ
ƺǸӦеɻ󣬷ǿˡ
ػͼڣݶʱһ
ϹʱϹ嶼ʳɱ¾ʳʱ̫ˣ޷ЩǿﶷǣȻ˻롣ĳǿܹЩǿϹ壬ػࡣǣ˸ָĻͼڡ˵
Ϊ֮һȴ̾һ
˵Цʵһ룬ȴм
Լ壬ӦǿĿֲȴҪͨĳǿػΪο
ɲô
ݺ󣬵࣬ġ


927 
ݵĿӹܱ֮Ϲ廹ҪӹŹ͵ġͼڡ֮һҲٹעǰ
ʱݱǴһִͨյİǰ
ǰͬͨĲһʮɣӨ͸͸ȥ·ĳҺ壬һְ㣬ͨ͸һСϣһɫ⻪תݣ
ϣͬҲһŹݲʶȻҲǻͼڡ
Žգ˿͸龰
վǰһٳɣ֣һƿ˰š
ſ֨һȻźľ£ݵǰ
һ޴ĵá
ԼĪһɵӣڵõС֮ϣͬͼڡݵĽ£һ˸Žɫâİֱͨͨ
ݼʶѭŽµĽɫͨȥǱǻһĿһ
ڽɫͨֵݣÿһ㶼ʮݹɡÿԼĪߡݼǾž֮ɸ߶ȡ
ʱȴδЩݣĿ⣬Խ˰ݣֱ˾ʮż֮ϵһ
һѪɫ壬ƮɢǾʮż֮ϣ
ѪɫԼĪߣƾ°ɫݵӳ£ֳһĨ˵Ѫ졣ȥ죬˵ʥ֮С
Ȼ֮䣬һ⻪תѪ֮ϡȥۼ˼¡
ǡ
ĿѪ֮ϡ
Ǵˮ
ȻʱȴݵĶ
ˮĿʱһ
ҵļ䵱У˵ݼ䣬ˮΪشõġ
Ҳ˵пܵңڵĵͳڣ
϶Ļش
ݵ۾ʱѪɫˮ
ңڣϹĳɡɵĵͳһ־ˣ
ݼ޷
Ԥ⵱УȻӵżΪ˵ͨġ
ʱȴǿѹͷҪȥĿ⳯ɨӣеõУʲôƣ
΢һ£漴ȴ˵
ţüͷʱ΢
㿴ǴˮУʵˮӵе񹬵Ľ¡Կ˵и󣬱һӴĽ塣ϾҪܴУͱҪͨƲܴﵽ
ǽƣ˵ԶûдﵽƷףҲֱ治ЩǰȫģЩΣյġ
ЩΡ
֮üͷٶȽ塣ĿѪɫ壬ȴ˸ݡ
ͳǰʮѰҲδ׷ѡ˵ݲģǾƭ˵ġֻڻǲǽ飬ʵͬһһ㹣ͷ
ݽüͷĿ˸ָʶûãԵһƬžֻиɫ⻪˸ѤöʵУȴֳһ˵ѹž
ڣݵָٶһһ
˵ͳڡľʹ뿪ĻվҪжġ
ǽڰȻǻǽʲô뷨Ҳûа취δȼϾҲҲԷڡ
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һݣݺɵıǷԾ˹ȥڶ㣬ͬҲûвκε쳣
Ȼϵ㣬ԼĪڵʮĽ֮ʱ
ˣ
ͻȻһƾееݣͽȻһ䡣һɺ嫵£֮ǽʩչƶԸʱҪǿͻȻս䡣˲䣬ǽݵΣֱѹȥ
䣡
Ȼ׼ֵʵ̫ٺ쳣ݵΣֱӱȻѹ˵ʮ֮ϡ
Ȼûյ˺ȴǱ˼¡
ȻоΪǽ˵ʱ򡭡ʮվΣѪɫâʱһǿȴһʧӰ١
·Ǵδֹһ㡣
һ˲Щ㵣ͷ·Ѿ׼ӭͷʹʱ̧ͷһȴֵѾʧӰһ㡣
ָоŹֺܵ˼¡
ݴ㵵գһ۾Щɻĵͷµʯݡ
ÿһݶһСףҲסӨ͸ͨ͸Ȼа׹ת֮Ư˼¡
üվԭƬ̣ȴҲʲôҪһüͷ֮ȴǳųʮļ̤ϡ
ȻݵĽţ̤ڵʮļݵһ˲䣬ǹɿֲѹͽȻ֣
һѾ׼ʶѪһתѪɫǹƾɢݣҲ˵ʮļݡ
ǡпˣ
ڴƬ֮󣬺Ȼع²ૡ
üͷ֮ٶ̤ʮ弶ȥ
ȻϣĽţ̤ϵʮݵʱǹӴѹٶȳ֡
һΣҪǿڸղŵ
Ѫڰ˲ǰȴҲʲô
ԣݻ˵ʮ弶ݡ
ʱݷһ¶Цݡ
ҲǣңĳɣͳǺεȾˣҪõͳУȻҪһ顣ѹ֣öһơ鴫ߵġ
뵽һҲ¶˼ָȤ顣
֪ܷͨأ
ڴ
ȻԼġֻǳңĵͳп飬ΣҪǰ֪ˡ
뵽û˿ɣһʮݡ
ˣ
Ӵѹ֣
ָЩȲϵһôءӣΪҪӿзɹԲŵѹôֻһһĵȥĻҲûʲô
ȷ˲ǽڸҲһЩţӦѹǿ̶ȣݵǷԼһʼǹӴôˡ
ȷݲ֪㣬һʮŲݣʵΪ˿ңڵӶڵġ
ܹɵķɹһڶ㣬ΪΪѾﵽ˵ڰڵĳ̶ȡн׶˵ǿΡԵһڶĽƣûбĬĿӵһοʼ
ֲ֪ôһ飬ͼֱӷɵˮߣȻǴ˽ƣܣСʹ롣
ǴеĿ飬ʲôɱķɱ󡣷˵׼ݵ壬Ҫѹ
ȻˣѹҲӵϹľ˵û⡣


928 ѿ
ò˵Ϲľʵ̫졣
⻹ûȫշϹľշˣҲзɵĵǵĻϹľֵĸӿֲ
Ȼݲ˶
żУΪ㱻ëĹҹɱĸʱ֪֪ǿ̫ˡʱ̱һǫģеĵ·ߵĸԶ
򾳣е·˵ҲԶ۷塣ĩ΢Ϊ۷ǿУҲʲô
˵ֻҪֱܹӴʶнϹľȱֱߣݾ͵ϻצĻĴڵġ
ң١
뵽˼ȻϷȥ
һһ
ÿһͽȻܣ͸ӵǿᡣݵѪﵽ˵ڰ˲㣬ˣǿҲ˾ˡ˲
ݵģٶ̤ʮ˵ڶʮ˼֮ϡ
Ѫɫо壬ڵʮ֮ϡѾΪˡ
ȻʱݵݣȴҲȫЩࡣ
ڶʮ˼ݣѾ൱ھԲǿߵĲˡݣҲǹĶȫſ
Ȼ񣬻ļ
վڶʮ˼֮ϣ΢ͣһ£һҧ̧̤˵ڶʮż
䣡
·أһ˲䶼ѹһ㡣ݵԴ˵һе˼ѣ
ֲޱȵѹ·ɽһѹļͷ
֨
ݵ˫΢΢ǿѹ
ݸߴףƽʱ߶ȣݼԾȥ
ȻʱԾһֻ̤˶ʮż֮ϣһֻţȴڽ֮⡣
ͬͷɽһ㣬˶ǲͣĲš

ݵ۾ҲѪɫâȫţҪһֻȵɹȥ
һһ硣
ݴû뵽Ѫ֮壬ص̶ֳȣ
ҾͲţˣҲͨ𣿣
ؽҧӴȴǼִ֣۾ͬɸһĲѡ壬һһվ
Ϣ꣡
ݵ־ǿᵽ˼ĵزǿ֮£ջһվգһֻţҲ˶ʮż֮ϡ
ᣡ
ݵ˫ͬʱվڶʮżϵʱǿֲµѹ˲ʧӰ١
ȻһʱûпƺõݣѪɫâʱͬɽһ㣬Ȼ𡣽Χռ䡣
һ
ʱٿݣ˷·Ǹմˮ̳һ㡣ˮ嶼ʪ͸ˡ
һ˵ƣϯȫ
ƣУѪ֮ݾҲûгֹ
ݴϢ˼ȻѪâƬ֮Ѿָ˹
ѪĻָȻӹɵġ
ʱݵɫȴЩ̫ÿĿ˵ʮĽ֮ϡ
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ο
ʮ֮󣬻ʮһʮʮ
Ȼһ֮ȴʱһз֮ɫ
ΣҲҪһ£Ͳţѵ޷ȹпˣ
뵽û˿ɣȻһΣԾ𣬶һţ̤˵ʮĽ֮ϡ
䣡
֮ڶʮŲ㣬ӿֲѹٶϯݵΣ˲䣬Ƿʱпܴʮ
ҧأļ߸Ŀ㵽˼£һӲͦסˡ
ȻʼһһģԼ·𱳸ɽ壬վ

һһĻվֱԼ壬еһƬž˸ĸɫ⻪֮⣬
Ȼ޷ֵĽƿռ䵱Уһ˫۾ȴĶݡ
ÿֲ巨̨ҪǶԷֻҪѭ켣ܹɵȥСΪѾﵽˣȴʹãӲƾԼ壬ߵ˵ڶʮż
ϵţ벻˼顣
Ȼһ˿벻˼飬Ƭ֮󣬱ǱһƬ̰
ããôˣڵȵһɹͳ֮صˣ廹ǿ󡭡ȫԶ·ٺ١һɵӣ֮·֮·ʲôȵԼҪȴϧȫɢ
ţȴЦ
ЦУҲһ˿
һ֣˵ģ°

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ֲֿѹֻǵѹȴ֮ѹһҪֱѹݵ塣ңҲԣһ˫۾Ѿͨ졣
Ĵ߶ѪݣʶѾһģľءΨһͷǡ
վ
ûվ
ֻһ飬ֿҲ޷ͨĻ̸ʲô̤۷壿
ڣԣڵܷ
ִֵļţһ˿һ˿ڲУȴƵֱͦһһ֣һһ硣ѣȴᶨ
ʮݣѾ޽ӽǿ߲εݣȴȻһվ
Уġ
ݵȫԳѹģؼǣ־
еʱһ˵ʵǿԳĳ̶ֳȵΪ־ܵʱȴʧܡ
ݵ־ȴǼᶨ˼¡ѹǵûסľǿǡҪ̤ʮҪ̤ʮһʮִʮ
ȻĿǰҪ̤㵽ǸΣǺˡ
ġ
ɹ
ݵĳУѹƵļ㡣ҧأһԡ
ڣڲΡΡ֮Уݵ壬ֱһֻţҲ˵ʮĽ֮ϡ
ˣ
ؼһǿֲѹʱʧӰ١
ݶʱһ
Ȼꡣ
Ȼؼһڤڤ֮ͻȻֶ¡ݵļᶨƵ־һ˲䣬һ㱡Ϳˣˡ
վʮ֮ϣ˫Ŀ·ʧȥ˽㣬㶶㱡
һ̣ڰ۾ȴͽȻ
ʱ򣡡
Цһ
Ȼ֮䣬񹬵ϷתݵĹ⻪Уһƾ˰񹬵ֱʮ֮ϵݶȥ
ˢ
ǹâٶȿ쵽˼£ֻգ֮䣬âȻûݵü֮С
ݵ壬ȴζҲζһ¡
ȻݵʶѾĳ֮Уâ֣ûаֵĲ


929 ֲ
и󣬵㣬ʮ֮ϡ
ݴվԭأȻʶȴڤڤһǣһصĿռ֮С
ռʲôҲûУеֻһƬڰž
ȫû뵽̤ʮ֮󣬾Ȼı仯ʱһŤͷĹˡ
ռһƬĿ⣬ҲȥԶ
ڴʱݵͷһ궯ȴǷ·ĳֶ˳ף̻̲
һ˵ķ꣬ͷͻȻӿ
ɷӿһ궯ŭɱ¾ȵȸͻȻȻӿ
ֻԴһǣ󣬲
ͬɽ鱩һ㣬赲ģӿԭƽ޲鵱Уʱ䣬۾Ǻ
ȻֻСƬ֮ݵݺȻ䣬͵һҧ˫ĿȻһգ˺ڰĿռ֮С
Ȼڴиʮ֮ϵ壬֮ϣֳ
ʱ꣬ʱ䣬ʱŭʱɱʱ־壬ʱңʱȴֿϲʱִޡ
ӵ˼¡ֱͬһӡ
Ȼָӵ䶯֮Уݱȴ֪ڣһΪΣյĹͷ
ڤڤ֮еǹ·᲻ĹĵеһиңǲܿƵġ
νԳָľ˵ʵѿƵĶ
ϲŭ֡
ۡǡࡢ⡣
ֻҪһˣͶСνħʵҲݱģҡ˼
УֱġġҡΪ
ⲢĨɱҪơ
νּ̲κһһȣͻʧءȻͻ
ͺһҹȻΪȵ˷ܣ˷ӡ޷Ʊģرɵġ
һڤڤ֮еǹݵֱͬɽ鱩һ㡣Ķݵıģ˳
ֳšȻȴΣյ˼¡
ΪһݵĶֲǱˣ
Ѿûа취ȥ룬ǧһȫֻΪԼıġ
ǶȹУ벻ĺôʧܡʧأħ֣ݾͻһͷβķӡʶʧͬʬ
ϵɱĸӵĿֲΣա
νġ
ֻݵʶںڰĿռ֮У֮òݡȻü֮䣬ȴʼձһ˿㡣Ц޷ҡȻ޷ҡ
ݾôţһһ
ʯׯϡ

ڳʱ֪һŹ⻪ȴѾ뵽ʶ֮С
Ӳӣټޱȵʶ֮ʱŹ⻪еһ˫۾Ҳ¶˼־֮ɫ
û뵽СʶȻ޴󡭡ૣУȴٶ¶˼ֿ˷֮ɫ̧ͷһǧɸߴꡣ
ݵ˫Ŀ΢գ̬ڽɫʶСһµķģϣĿ쳣
ݲδﵽھ죬֮ϵķĲδЩطԿЩհסô
ֻΪﵽ֮ЩĲŻʱ룬ӵĽǷ䣬Ǳ䣬Ӱ쵽һߡ
ûꡭСΪߣȴǳϵǿ󡣿ӣ츳꣬۾еĿȸʢૣǧɵ꣬һɵӳҲƿ﷽ԲǱȫʢʱڣҪǿĶడ
һ䣬Ŀֿ·һƬɫϼ⡭
һعľľ֮£һɢű֮£һ̶
⻪еĿ⣬˾ϲ֮ɫ૵С˺ϹľҲˣȻõϹˮĸӹչչȻϹҲǽϹĴڰڵ֮ȫԽ֮ƷǾƷؽױ
⻪ֳΪ㲩֪ʶֻһۣϳչͺ̶
̰Ͽһ֮ĿȴǿԶ
΢΢һ
ԶһɫĴ󶦣ƽĶ
Ʒ
⻪ૣɻ
һĵؽױ鶼ڱﵱеġϾҲֻڣܷӳ޴ؽױһӡ֮ϡƷһ㣬飬ʶ
⻪ʶΪ㲩Ȼһ۾ͿǴ󶦵Ʒ
һ֮΢΢һüͷܸоԵЩ졣
֮ȴҡҡͷҲһƷıˣҲûʲô
˵һ̧ͷٶȿǧɸߴ꣬еĿȣٶ˳
СҲĿˡ꣬ˣ
˵⻪Ҳ̲סȻһֱӱǳǧɸߴ˹ȥ
ৣ
⻪ֱû굱С
һ룬һŨĺûĵطȻڽɫ֮ϣʼԼٶ
ȥ·Ӳӵ꣬һ̣ܵʲôȾ

ǹ⻪һûһ̣ڰռ䵱Уׯϵĳݣڵһʱ䣬һ˿Ӧ
ǣ
ݶʱ󾪣Ŀ⣬Ȼ
һ˵Ĵֲһ˲䣬ȫȻ֮䣬ݸоĳΣ˲˲
ڤڤǹӦһ˲Ȼ䣬͵ݵĿ־һ˲䣬ݼֱ׹ԨΧԶǴֲ
Ȼ䣬֪Լһ˲굽ˡ
Ȼ⼫ΪΣյĹͷݵͻȻðһͷϸµĿԣȻۺȵҶס
ֻжʱٵĽһӡ
١ӡ
䣡
١ӡʱʢһвӡ͵һ˲䣬ɢӰ١·ǹڤڤ֮Đ䡣
١ӡӡ
ⲻӡǲɽ̱ӡ䣡
ݵӡһ˲䣬·ŭĿգӯһɴηľ
⣬Ҳ˲Ϣ֮Ȼ֮䣬ĺڰһƬɫء
ڰռʧݶʱоԼʶص˱֮С
Ȼȥϸ۲仯ͷһתȻ䣬ʶС
ղȻĴֲǴԼʶдġ
Ȼ۾ͿһĻ
ǧɾ޴꣬ԭӲӡȻʱȻѾаϣһƬڡ
һԭɫӨӨģһĹ
Ȼݣڴ˿̣ȻҲѾˡ
ݱˡһİݡ
ǽص֮ĵһʬ塭ߵӣ


930 ȴа
㣿
ѡ
˼ת˲Ϣ֮˹
ڽ֮ʬ壬Ǹ飡
飬ȻڸղʶǺڰռʱ򣬳ûʶС
ƥҵ᣿ݶʱŭҲû룬һǿ⣬ʱ䣬Լ굱С
ϣʱâʢ
ţߣû뵽ȻôͶɹˡġӣ־ܼᶨ
֮ϵĲݼݺȻصʶռ䣬һ漴ȴ¶һ˿Ц˵
ȻȴشĻ˲Ϣ֮ǳԼ֮С
һ˲䣬֮ʱǽɫ⻪ʢݣҲȻ˱仯
һʼһǲϵݣȻݵ֮󣬶ʱǱһϣһ뿡ģ
ϵǰǴɫŹ⡣ǰǽɫԭɫ
ɫӣӿŲȻŭ⣬ŭһ̫ڸղţӦֱӽǽƸƳʧ
ƳƣߺߣΪƣϷ꣬ȵľǽաȵľһ̡ΪܹвĵңȴǱЦ
װģͷʱعĿʱһ
ߣͺ㲻ҲװҪ巨Ц
ݶʱ˹
ԭڽƵУ飬װ
װԼ޷ǿѹʵΪ˲飬ѪеھŲ㡣
û뵽ȻҲװ
װı˼װԽԽ
˵齫ԼļװСȻԼԶԷļװȴһ
˶װʣǽʤ
뵽ݵĿʱʵҧ㵽˭
˭Ҫ˭ҪΪڸϻûˣǲȴǿοĴЦ
ԣͷٶһȻȴķ֣壬Ǻɫ⻪ȴڲͣšȻٶȱ仺࡭ȷӡ
ݵĸӦУԼ꣬г֡һָ֣ӡȻһ֣ȴһźɫռݡ·ƹ֮Ҳϲߡ
ݶʱҴ⣬ͷת˹
ʶӦûЧ
ͷһ𣬹ĽɫԣʱȻʢ
֮ϣӲӣȻǽ⣬һ˲䣬ǵס˺ɫ⻪ռʼ
깥طߣСֶλ״ʱһЦ
ϧطȻûеҡҵǰҲʲô
أʱâȻʢ
ɺڹ⣬·ʵʡڵĻţһ˵а񣬴Ǻڹ⵱
һʱݵĹһ
ֻϣɫɫâʱƶʶ΢΢
ɫɫ⻪ӳյʶռ䣬˺ڽɫȥ
ȻԼ䣬Ǻڹ⣬ѹס˹
ʲô
ݶʱһĸоɺڹ⣬ȻҲط
ң֮Ҫǿ
Դ˹֮⻹ǵһʶս֮У·硣
㵽˭ݵѯʳ⡣
٣СִšҲգΪϷһķϣϷ͸ɡϷңڡáȴаɼסˣٶѯʣһЦ漴ȴ˵˳
ңشȴǶʱһͷʱ
áʣӦרϰһÿڡϾϵĽƣͽ֮
˵Ļ
뵽ݺȻһңڵĵͳ֮أ֮ģ
Ŷû뵽Сͦֻǵ֪Ϸݣܲ²⵽һ㣿ݵĻ⽭ȴаһӹһ˿졣漴ϵȴ¶˼ֹЦǧƽȷҴ֮ġ
Ϊǧƽ˼䣬ϷΪ֮Ŭ갡ãܹСҲϷŬȴап
֮ϵĺڹռϷ磬ڲͣʳŸĽɫȴаʤԸС
ȻĽȴаĻشȴҧ
һж͵ͨˡ
ѹ֣ѹ⽭ȴаԳǰңھѾ𣬵һԼȴδֳֵļ飬ؾ֮ġ
ؾųڰǧǰҲ˵⽭ȴаڰǧǰʵѾˡټԼȻҲûʲô𾪵ˡ
㽫ǧƽ֮Ϊ˽ʬ꣬ɣҧ˵š
ٺ٣СȻĺܡȴаϴŹЦȷΪôĿꡣʧڰǧǰѾǧƽգʱܹƳǧƽ˾Ȼϡ١治֪ʲô£ЩˣĿһͨĽҲ޷ƳϷ
Ż֪ٶ꣬ôһƬǸʲôоɣߣûܸϷ˵ǧǰϷȻǧƽɹĴ֮ѳȴȻ޷֮صǧϷÿն۲棬ϣܹһܹƳƵˡϧһҲûа
˵ȴаĿ⣬Ȼð⣬ϣҲ¶˹Цֱʮǰĳ֣Ϸ򿴵һϣ
⻰ͷƤʱ
ȴа⻰˼ȻѾԼʮˣ
Լһνؾͱˣ
ݵۿȴа
ôϷȻȥǧƽеһУɶӲϷĸӦȴаЦҲ湻ƤģȻͷͻȻȥˡϷΪ㲻ٳ֣ʵʧ˺һءû뵽·תעģעϷط˼ĻʯӣҲӲ
ȴаЦţг˿ο
ȻȴǳĬ
Ƭ֮ݲŵѯʣôңڵĸô£
ݵĻһȴаķЦȴȻ١һ֮ϵĿЦҲϡãٶ¶Ц૵Ѿǳ£
ңڵĸѵҲһɵĲɣȻȴδĻǷʵ
ƨȡϷΰ仰ȴ·һӴʹǽȴаʱ۾ɴ
ݵĿӹһ˿⣺ôô£
ȴаòݣ·ֻʲô֮󣬲ͻȻʵĺЦҲգҲұΣ


931 
ΪңǱǿйȻô
ȴаϴźЦ֮⣬ֱԡ
ͷһһʼȷôΪģ⴫и濴һĻѾˣ²ô򵥵ġ
Ľȴаѯʣȴϵķʵѵǣ
Ȼǣ
ңڵ꣬ҲĳɡڶԵе಻һ֮ڵǿơ˭˸׵ڿս
֮ڻڴӵвյеȻҪԸڣҲҪ㹻صĴۣһ޷ڴжϾ
ȴаݵ֮ȴȻ˵ţ鼤
һĻݵȴһ
⽭ȴаڶԴңڵϣ˵ìܡ
һ棬ÿᵽңڵʱ϶¶һ˵ĺ⡣·޼š
ȻԼ˵ңʱȴ鲻Խֳ˾ԵԺĲѡȻԼңڣеΪ
ìܵµĶԱȣɻ
ѵ̫ã˵ľѾ쳣ͷ룬漴΢΢˵ͷ
ȷĹ¼ʱ⣬һ˵أκˣ
ǧǰ˽ؾʱԱڸӵķƫִǧĻ壬ͨӦֽӴ˸ˣַƫִ΢һЩ
ݰš
ͬʱֻңĸԭҲǵ´ìֵܱԵɡ
뵽ݲɫѯʣȻˣңθأ
θ𣿡еĽȴаɫٱ䣬ȴʵĺЦСڴиǰѵûпʲô
ˣʬǡ̹Ȼ˵
ʬǡСѵͲЩʬô£ȴаٶȹЦʵ
ȥĳּ룬Ȼ˶˲̹ԼĲ²⡣
롭ȴаٶɫһ䣬һٺЦ룿Ǽ롣Щ׳գȡ·ȡ·ɢȴаĴЦ
УſοԹޣԼһ˿˵
仰ȴǻһѵٻʲôֲڣȫڱɱ
ȴа֣ݵһʱͷԺУȴƵĸֳ˴иϣЩͼڡ
ѵңڵ˷ĳֲֿڣҪͨĳַ֮ٻȻɹȴŶһѣ
⽭ȴаλ˵ȡ·У˵Թ
ٻֲڣȻݵĻȴ÷ЦеĽȴаһȴǺٺЦ૵ôΪôðɣȷٻ˿ֲĴڣҲȷǡֲڡŵ佣ڶ𡭡ô˵Ҳûʲôԡ
ȴаٶʵĴЦ
ȻĻȴüͷ塭֣ȻǱʵ֮ķӦ
ʲôǱԼ˵ģüš
ͷһȻ뵽ؾеʬǡ
ٻʲôֲڣôؾЩңڵ໥ɱ飬ָνͣ
ڣӽȴаĻУѾƶϳɫˣӦöңڵĵӡ
·ɫͬҲͬ佣һ㡭ͬķϵɡ
ѵǿֲʵĴڣֲ֮ǻģԲ˴սͷֲ²⡣漴ȴҡҡͷиǰЩ̬ƽʬǣȴ޷͵ͨˡ
Щʬƽԭأ֮ǰ಻ʲô·Ѿ뵽ήһ㡭
Ȼʱ򣬺Ȼݻһɴ۾Ժðһ޷ŵ뷨
ңڸΪɱ
૳
ȻɱһԭЦеĽȴаȻֹݾͿȴаһŲϵݣʱٱʱοʱʹ࣬ʱңʱԹ
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ȻһĻȴݵһ
ǲˡ
ΪʲôһڶڳɵΪʲôѡȫɱ⣬ͽͲͨ
ݵɴ۾ӷת
ʲô£һɣѡɱ
ӣȴҲ󲻳ʲô
ߣ̱ģ޾壬ߵ۷塣
Ȼ޾壬ȴʾ
ϧκһ߱ܵķӦ
ĹͷһߣҲ׵ķԼ
һԷ̸ʲô̸ʲô׷
һɱɶҵοһȺ
һ봫иĹ㳡֮ϣߣУʮǿߣУֻбʵĸףҪǿĴڡ
Щ˵ĵĺεȼ̣
ǣΪʲôҪɱ
ʲô飬ǿԼҪĸΪҪ
ݰ˼⡣
ԣٶȿݷã·˻䵱еĽȴа
⣬Ҳֻܸһˡ
ңˡΪҪѡɱĿ⾼ĶŽȴаѯʡ
ȴаٶһ䣬֮ͻȻ÷ҧгݣǰ׳աǰ׳գԲȡ·ҺθɣҺθɣ
ûȡ·ǲϧɵǻɢٺ٣ٺ١
ȴаȴͬһ
üͷһ壬һ䡣
ȴаȴȻĿ⿴ݣкȻ¶ŨɱС̫ˣ̫ˡҵȲˣԣȥɣ
أݵ꣬ȻȻǿҵĺɫ⻪
ݵݶʱ΢䡣
оԼĿƣԼٶȣš
Ҳȫ޷סɫâ֡
ֻ꣬ѾȾһƬڡʣһСֵĽɫҲڿٵıʳš
ȡӴɢҽȴаȴҪ˼䣡ңڵĵͳҽȴаȥȴа񣬹ЦšУ͸¶˵Ŀ⡣
⣬Ľݲǿ𣿿𣿣
ȴа֣Ц
Ȼֵ˭еΪ棬ȴ֪ʱѾϸʱˡ
ɫȫɺɫʱҲҪΪʱҪ⽭ȴаȥˡ
ݣ鷢
뵽ݵȻ䣬һӡ䡭
١־
ղ־ƳǹŹֵĺڰռ䣬Ѿֻ֪ӡԼеǰ򵥡ڷţҲǼΪ߶˵Ĵڡ


932 ȴа
⽭ȴа֮ϣŨа⣬һʼݱע⵽ˡ
Ȼ֮Ľ죬ҲʩչĳаĽ
ӡ䣬ӦЧ
š
־һһֽɫķ⣬Ȼأ

ǵأַ⣬ƺƵɨ
ֻһ˲䣬ס˺ɫ⻪ʳɫͷȻ󣬸ԼٶȣźɫĹâ
ʲôʲôŹž֮һ
ͻıʣԭЦеĽȴаʱݴ䣬һڣȻǽгʩչӡ
û뵽㾹Ȼ֪žӡׯϡڷӳ֮£¶һ˿ʥࡣ
ԣܡȥԡƽͣԶ
ڽȴаһڽӡΪž֮һҲЩȡ漴תһ룬ȴ־
žԭϹţ⽭ȴаϹ֮ˣǳɵһ֮ʶ㲩ҲΪ档
ɶ񣡿ɶ񰡣
ȴаŤš
Ȼžžʵ̫
ǹˡȻаʱ򣬷⣬ȴ·ڰ֮Ǿء
ڰˡСĹԴҲˡ
⵽а⣬ҲȫҪˣ
ݲԲƾŷ⣬аռ䵱даꡣа꣬Ҳݸɼ֮
Ϊĸȹ̡Ȼת۹ĹԼʶеаȴȫûκ⡣
ֻɫƵޱȣͬӿĽɫ󣬺Žȴаĺɫ⡣
ɫˣɫǣ
ݵ꣬Լٶȣ±˽貵ɫ
ʾţڽȴа굱бƳ
Ϸ򲻸ģİ
ȴаĴţ۾
꣬Ϊ˽գȴа꣡
ȻۿžҪɹˣҪɹĶȴаѾ󵽶֮뿪Ŀռ֮ط˼䡣
ƾԾһңɡ
ǣʱžž֮һĳ֣ȴ롣Ͼϣ

ȴаˡ
ҵס
š
һɸŨĺڹ⣬˳
ɿֲĺڹ⣬ԽӳаϯҪɫһߵ͡
ݵıȻ÷⣬Ҳһ˿
Ȼݵȴûаֱ仯ƽԹԵƮȥʥݡ
ɫǺڹ⣬ͷ·һСʱݵϣɱ
ܿϧ
ľ̫ǿˡɫ⻪ͬҲǿƥվںڰĶ
ǿҵĺڰҲ޷ɹȻȴܹɢڰ
ͺһƬҹءֻҪһ˿磬ɢܴһĺڰ
ɫ⻪ֻС̣գںƵķǰȻˡ
֮ĵطѾָһƬɫ
ŻָԽ࣬ϵķ⣬ǿҡɫ⻪Ҳ˵Խ졣

ȴаš
ѾһƬƽݵݡȴаݣһŤ֮Ѿʧϡ
ֻǣһΪɫ˵ȴаȻԸ
һƬƽżΪ֪ǰȴаûκεĻᡣ
뿪뿪˷⣡˷Ⱑ
ڴʱȴаֵȴȻȻⲻֻɢô򵥡ĴڣҲѾвˡ
ʲôط߾ߣ
ȻȴƽĿˡ
˵һ⽭ȴаȴܵļ¼ڿɲ׵ĵˡ
ʵϣ㽭ȴа˵ģҲȥ
ϼһҪᡣǾԲԭµ顣
ҵᣬٶԸԼ
Ҫ֪ڿǻҪңڴеġôһʱҪըɲݵķ
뵽ʮǰͱ϶ˣݻĺë
϶Ǹ쳣ѶԸ
ֻȫɢݲܰġ
㲻ǺҪ֪ңθ𣿣ңԭԭĸ㰡
ȴаҲļˡ
ȫû뵽žȻǿ
꣬ҲûžʱһˣžҲˣֻɢа⣬а꣬Ͳʲô
Ȼ֪ɢа⣬аһֲֿ
ΪԼΪ飬һɱʩչ˽꣬ȫ׹䡣ʱޱ޼ʵĹ¼ţԴ䡣뵱һĻгɱԹ꣬ǽһ׹ڰȫаһĴڡ
ֱ浱꿴ľžȴĸоֲ
ƺƵɷǰͬһֻϣͿܱѹ
У
Ҳû뵽Сʩչž֮ȻҲ嫵̶ֳȡ
žžΪߵİءȻǴ˵ѡ
ȴаĻݵ˼΢΢һ
ʵеȷǶңڵĸԵɳ˺档
رڲ²ңڵĸ𣬺пǼɱ֮󡭡
ңڵǿ󣬴ټޱȵĵ֮أǷޱȵ鶴Լиǰǿߣ򾳵ǿߡܹɽһ
һɣϹʱʢһʱ
ǣȴΪĳԵѡ˼ɱ
Ϊʲô
ʵݺ浽˼¡
һ뵽⽭ȴаȴĬ
⽭ȴаѶԸı㣬˼һ䵽⽭ȴаѶԸı㣬˼һ䵽־棬ҲΪ̫Դٸһλᡭݲ֤ûֶΡ
ȣ⽭ȴаõУҪġ˵ңڵĸ𡭡
еУδؾûһ˿˿
뵽ݵУ¶һ˿Ȼ
ӡȻ˵ˣ⣬ȻȥѰҴ𰸡
أеӡȻһ
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Ƶ⣬Ȼһž޴ķֱ֣֮̽ӳڵһץȥ

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933 ʮ׼
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935 壡
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壡
һ̣еĸֵܵУ̺ĺ塭


936 ʮǿ
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ȴֲƵĶʮǿǿߣ˳羴֮ġ
Ϊ壬Ը׽ӽǺε黳
ʣԼҲһ㡣
֮һзŨĺ棺ʮЩ
Ҳ֪ʱ͵ϵģֻС춦ҡҡͷ˵Щǰ׾Ʒıʮǿߵ֮ǽѪ뱦ﵱУ뱦ںϣ죬һٳΪ
ÿһԳɴ⡣ֲƥ
˵Ҳֻ춦ֲֿдȴҲ޷ǡ
ĻȴٶסˡãһһѹϹ塣֪ǲʮ֮һ
ŶݵĻ״¶֮ɫҿ
ݵ˵ͷû˿ɵķּ䣬ȡ˳
ȻͨڣµϹȥضӡһɫӫ⣬ȻԽ嵱͸¶âƥ
Ȼ⿴֮󣬶ʱ𣬵ɴ۾
۾ð⣬·һۿ˷󷨿ռ䣬Ϲ塣
⣬ǣϵ飬ȫ̡
ݿŽ⣬ȴס
Լ⿴ĴֻҪĶࡣ
ΪⱾˣӡһʢµġΪ֮׳ĺܶ򣬶ǲһ¼ݣ޷򵽵ġ
ûûʮ֮һһûţ֮ȴۿȻʪˡ
ããȻӡˣӡ˰£°
ͻȻЦһֱͬٳһƮȻȻʱȻЦޱȣοޱȡ
ȴǳĬֻоһϹµˣ֪ϹĿֲǶϹĳޣͿ˵ġ
⹱ӡ塣ʵЧΣ½ҲֻΪһܡǱ޷ˡ
ǵý֮ǰѯ״̬ʱ¶һ˿ĹġҲΪԽȷµİɣ
Ǵһʵ屻ӡʵһʧأҲǿġ
ݾĿǰЦĿɾߣȴδԴϡ
֮󣬽𽥵ȶϣˮüߣݺᡣʵǱȽϺЦһĻȻʱУȴ˶ߵľ֮⣬ûаµ뷨
ǽЦˡһϵۣ̹ȻЦ˳
ȴ΢΢ҡҡͷÿޡЦ
Ŀжʱһ⣬Цݸʢ˵ͷĿ⿴ǰķϵЦҲ𽥵ɢȥҲ⽣Ӧȷʮеһǡʲô飿أҿڣȴȱˡл껹в硣ҡ˵Ҳѿӡ໹ܳꡣ֮ЩϹ壬пƷ


937 
šݶʱ˵ͷ⽪ȻֻƾһۣͿ˷е⡣
ҵõ˽ʱѾǲȱȫɳȺȴ˴˽Ĳлꡭǲл֮влҪǿĶࡣݽ˵һ飬˵¶ɻ֪ʲô£ȱ飬ָȥ
ָȥİüʱ΢˼ãȴ΢΢ҡҡͷԳɴҲβ͸֡ΣҲֻλǰԼ֪ˡ˵ЩڴĿݵ㡭ܷλǰһ𣿡
оȻǴżĽϵɫ
һɵĵͷкѣ
˵ţʶһ˷ռ֮У󿪿ڵղŵĻҲ˰ɣȥɡ
һֱĬŵķ֮Ƭ̣á
΢΢˵ͷ½ʢֱӴӷпٳһͨͨ硣
꣬ʱѭͨ˳
ֻϣͻȻâ˸Ƭ֮һӰȻԷУ˳
ݴʱʶҲص˱֮ϣҲĿһĻ
ʱݣҲʱһɴ۾
ڷеһž뵡Ҳģ
Ȼ񣬳ǰģһꡣ
Ͻֳۣһޱȸ߹ʡӲʶһ˫ŵϽɫ󡣶վڿУȴͬһСͺڶһ㣬ܱգ·һƬء
һĻýⶼȫ
⣬ԳɴԳصģ
ûû
⽣ʮ֮һ
ǰϽ꣬Ҳǵʮǿ֮һ
ȻֻһлꡣƲΣȴѾֳˡ
ʱĻȻڵأͷأ⣬ǰ
ģݶʱһۿš
ΪֲĳɵʱȻͬϵͽһ㣬ŷ
һ˫ϽҲŽ⣬жϵģûԵ̫н΢΢ҡҡͷ̾һĨл꣬䶼ȫˡε񣿿ɡ
ǰ𣬵ȴȫǰΪסڵأȴǼ˵š
ƣһ˱ңȱʱһЩ棬ȴҲ֪ϹʱļѡΪ˴壬塣˵̾һ΢ֵңҪһ˵һлл
ǰˣʱҵ֣ĵûλǰǰҵȻĶԸл꣬Ҳûκΰ취Ϊս³ֻ¾ȫεºܣҵǰһ񣿡
̾һпϧҼȱ֮£Ҳ󶼼ǲˡݣҵӦҲ֪ġֻȴܼҼָ֮İɡ
ǣ΢΢һ£漴ǹĿ˵
΢΢˵ͷֿһԱĿɿڴݣһΣһ뵣û˷С
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ڣѾȷʮ֮һҲʮǿǿ֮һ
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֪ڵӦҲΪ֮һȴû뵽Ȼ࣬Ϊǿʮǿǿ֮һ
ͷɾЩ̫ˡ
⻹ԭأã·Żعӵվȣٶȱɴ
ҲЩп
ǿǿߣԼ񼤵飬ͬҲͬͨһ
һ֤ˣ֮·Ƕ֮·оη⣬رģ֮
Ϊ˼£ԶǿߡͬиԸԼ򵹵ڡ˵ֻҪѭģħͲҲΪκεӰ졣
ԼǸиĵȻǧȴ;ͬ顣ûʲôԵ˼ɣ
аš
ǰ໹ְܼ꣬ڿʲôӦԵķ𣿡ʱ򣬽⣬ȴǿڵĵѯ˳
΢΢һ£ͷѾ֪һл֮أҲǧƽĿռ֮⣬һݲл꼫ΪǿֻҪܹɹգܹ
üͷ΢΢֮ȴǵǵǿչҲĹһ졭˹ȥֻ·ӡҲĴˡ
仰ȴЩɻ̲סʵԪսᣬɢЩϹ壬ѵûһԪɺ֮գѾȥأΪαӡ壬ȴţ
˵ڴ󻪹Ʒ塣
ǰ֪ûɻ󡣵֪ӡ飬Ƿ֮ǰȴ̲סЩɻ
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塭
ڴ󻪹ڣѪԨǷ˱һֱ⵱ϹӰӡ·ĳ֡
壬ǱӡʮУô壬Ǵʲôطܳģ
꼸ʶ˵ӡƳʲô˼
һһͻȻð˳ΪԼѾ֪һЩݣãȻ
ӣ飬Զ򵥵ġ
ΪӡⲢ֪еɻ󣬿ڻش⣺ӡеʱţǲͬġҲֻͨʱķӡܹѹôϹ塣򣬾ʮҲ޷ѹµϹ塣
ٶҲԤҲǰٱǧϡ̾ϹǣĳǵԪͱҪǿ˲֪ٱǶޣԪ˵Ҳ꣬ǧꡣ۷ļȺԪ޾ʱ⣬˵Ȼޱȣ˵ʲô˵ڷӡʱʱ٣Ҫٱǧأ˵عǶԣŹȥ꣬ǧꡭʱ䣬ʲôҲ㡣
Ҳ̾һ
ϹӵǿƾõԪȷҪԶԶࡣѹֵǿֻʳ
ôķӡǷֻʮǿأ̲סٶѯʳԼһʡ
Ȼ⣬ȴýһεҡҡͷ⣬Ҳ޷ش㡭춦֮һƲлһֱ֮Сַʲô£Ҳ


938 ľ
΢΢һҲǷӦ˹
ȷ꽪ӡһϹ塣пֻĿˡַ֮飬һֱңڵ֮صĽ⣬Ȼ޴֪ˡ
ӣܣҲֻԺԼȥѰˡ
뵽һ
⴫ˮУݽ⿪йϹʱءȻУȴҲð˸š˵ǽ⿪ܶһЩðŸһЩ
ʱȴѯȥˡ
ȥ飬ѾȥȻ𺳣Ȼм·ߡ
ʼûǣĿġ
ҪڶʱĸǿȻǰżУֱĲлꡣ
֪˷ǵ۷ʮǿ֮һѹȴԽĴ
ķ̶ֲֳˣΪҪѹ壬Բ޷ֳôǸȷҪǿĲлָ꣬ǿֲʲôط
л÷֮
һҲûС
ҪģǱǿǿٱǿ
ΣҲҪȥһ¡
򣬰֮Ʒ⡭ǽһĺƽ٣
뵽һ󿪿ڵǷԽңڵĵͳˣ
һֱ˼еĽŴԣҲعһҲ¶ЦݣȻʱԡ
ôھͿʼɡҲ˵ϻֱ˵
Ҳá΢΢˵ͷңڵͳΪ㲩һǴʱ䣬ҪķѲʱ䡭ǳĶ࣬Ҳǽңڵ鶴ȡİɣ
⡭ǵġݲ˼ͷ
ҲãңڵΨһˣǶе飬ԭҲġȴ΢Ц˵ͷ
ô飬ʱӦÿԼһ롣츳ĻӦûԽһеٶȡԼľΪⷽ棬ֻҲûʲôɣЦ˵
΢΢һ£ȴǲ˼ͷˡ
ȴ΢Цһҡͷһڵ֮ǰбҪ½һңڵĹ
ԣʱһĵ˵ͷ
֯һԣ󿪿ڵΪңȻԵʵġΪڵڹΪңоڿռ๦
ռ๦仰ݶʱɴ۾ȫû뵽
ռ๦΢΢˵ͷҲ֪ϹΪйҲǳĽľˮСԼ׵磬磬ڰ⡭ȵȣ̥Уȴбе⹦Ҫ˵Уģֻԡʱ䣬Լռ䡣
ڵġңоǿռĹУĴڡ
ݵʱ΢΢۾Ҳǵɴˡ
ʣʱռ䣬ΪֲĴڡǵ֮ظʱַݣԵĿֲ
ռĹ
ѵǹƾܹٿռ䣬Уܹһߣ
ңо־Ų㡣ǰ㣬¿С֮󣬿ԶݵĽռ䣬ÿռ֮ˡеĿռ֮ڣ֮Ҫ˱ܡνγССĵ򡣶Ĳ֮ĹͱﵽϲСеߴأҲûʲôܹס㡭֮ͷ֮˲ϢִǣңУҲ¶˼԰п֮ɫ
ãҲѪڣ̲סҲ⹦ɣеٲˣ
΢΢һ̾ҡͷŹңǰе˵߲㡣㣬ġңޣֻе˵㡣
㣿һ̲סѯʵܸ˵˵е׶Щ𣿡
΢΢˵ͷõĵȽ׳ƺӦϮǸʱĳνѾ֪ˣҾ͸˵˵֮󡣡
΢΢˶٣֮ĵһ㣬Ϊ򾳡򾳣ָԷ֮ѾȫƿأԲݡԼʶ֮ڣԼĵͶʱطķһ򣬹ʶΪ򡯡
֮ǴĹԼԵ򣬽ǲͣķḻҪһƬ磬γԼıԴڴ֮ǰҪͣԷĥԼ壬ԼԳ֮ġ硯֮ȥ̥ɾ塣ʶ֮ĲΣΪ̥
̥Ϊ񣬽ķԼıԴֻбԴܹ֮ͣΪԳءʶһΣΪԴ
Դɣǳ磬һƬ硣Ƭһз㶼ѾͣǵأμʶһΣΪ羳
翪ɡΪǬΪش͡ʱʶѾԳ磬ԳɷԳء⣬ǡ
ɺ󣬱Ҫʼͣķḻķ֮֮֮ʱ֮ռ֮ʹ֮Ϊһ硣ﵽһ֮ȻٲһƬصĐ䡣ѾɵΪһ硣⣬ִһ硭
̥Դ磬Ǿľˡһ˵˴˴̾Ϣ֮ҲֻǴ˵ѡΪֹҲû˵Ǹ˴ﵽһ硣ǿģҲǴʮǿľ硣
ǿѳɣȥ壬ӡ塣ǷӡǵС統С
Ļ˵ˣȻȴǳճմվԭأԴУȴǼݡ
ȫû뵽֮·ߵڣȻǹԼ磿
죬̥Դ磬Щѭ򽥽ȫԿǴӽ÷򣬵ݷ򣬵߸ȻƶĹ̡
ӣԼȻ̫ˡ
εš֮ſ˽⣬浽µѯʣ㵱ꡭǴʲô׶Σ
ңһ£εҡͷʲãҲֻǱԴѡ
Դ󣬻ǵһ
̥̥֮֮󣬲ǱԴ
ô˵Ľ⣬ѾԼıԴˣǣȻѡȻȻ黳Ȼ𾴡
ڿɽ棬ȴе˻羳ֻһͿԳԼĴϧʧˡ˵
Ҳĵ˵ͷ
ҪһƬ磬ô򵥵ģ
˵ˣǽһӣҪ뽨ƽṹȹ̣Ҳһ׵顣οһ磿


939 ܴУ
ƺҲµУƬ֮ع΢΢ҡҡͷ򾳵ûҸЩԽУһΪֱ۵֪ͷ򡣵ǣøԶдɡһһӡȣ̤ʵ
ݻعĵ˵ͷģʡġ
ݻش棬΢΢˵ͷһˣҲҪٶ˵ʼڴаɡ
еĹ֮УˮὫ뵽෨С̲ܱϣ򽫻ṦһԴһֱһ̣޷жϡ㣬׼𣿡⿴ݡ
Ŀзһ˿⣬ͷ˵顣
һֱĬŵĹݵٻڵˡ
һνܴҲ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬סʮ֮ûѹͽһ֪𣿡ݿ
ǡ鲢ûаֳɣֱӿڻش
鱾壬շȫݣȻаַͷ
ʵϣϹʱ൱ҲдշϹΪ˻ġҲûʲôþġ
Ҳ˰ɣٶ˵
İɡһᱣ֤Ϲ岻ƷġҲݵԺ
һ
޷ϣȻ˵֮ȫԽĻʮڽݿɲ˿Ĵ⡣
һʲô⣬ǿǺҲˡ
ⰲţһʧˡ
һ꣬Ҳ֧ŷʮʱˡ
Ƽְꡣټʮһʮꡭ
һʮ꣬ôӦҲˡ
۾˽⡣
һ漴΢΢˵ͷ
á
⻰һ䣬һ㡣
ʱ䣬ָֻΪ֧㣬ݶʱһƬõµѪɫâһɺ嫺ĻչݵǰһǣݣһƬ統С

ݱڵľʮż֮ϣѪɫˮɢǿҵѪɫâһǣԱߵݣһСѪɫˮ롣
һ֮ϣתһѪɫĹ⻪⻪Ѫȣʵȴɢһʥζһһͣ͵ݵѪɫˮС
ˮеݣҲã·ھʲô
ңڵĴˮҲӵƵ֮صķЧǣݣš
һĻ·ʹ˶⴫иС
һһ죬һһ£һһꡭ
ʱţ·飬ҲʼȻ䣬һӿ𣬰סڵˮ롣
Ȼͣ䶯·𣬱ĳͣǣ
ݵϢʱ֮£ҲʼԽԽ׳
Ḷ́ҲǣеĹ̡

ʱڲͣš
꣬Ѿؾ֮ģʮꡣ
ʮ֮䣬ˣСɢޣ㶼ؾС˴֮һƾ㶼Ƴһ߾ʬ壬Ҳ֡ƸҲһһ˷֡
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ݵƵƲͨ
仯ַ̫࣬ƳȥȻġ
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Ҫ֪һƾͻᱬ൱ڰǿǿȫһĹؾġ
ųüǰ󷨱仯̲סץһĿ֮ɫԵҼλϣ㶼ԶվҲżֿ֮ɫ
ųϾ󷨳ߡʮʱ˵ˣѾ뵽ĵطˡΨңһ󷨵ǰߡĽȣ˵Ļ
īҲһƳųȴǹִĺܣǵҪƳ󷨲ɡ
ҵһЩϸǰԹ
󷨿ǷǳֲģвҪΣյİ
κųҵĵλͬһ㣬īҲƽ۽ǸͲҷԸҲֻӲƤͷ
ʮʱʱ̶̿ڼ˽ŵĻ£⼸ҲͷƤ
ʱͨУͻȻһŲųȻڿ˼ڤ󷨱øôƳ֮⣬ҳϣ㶼Ťͷȥȴīִżˣ˽
ϡ
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ʮʱ䣬īֵΪҲһڳɹִ˵ھڵĳ̶ȡ֮īĹϵƣҵĵλȻˮǴߡ
ī΢΢˵ͷšüͷһյųϣϣҲ¶εĿЦ
̯ôһλִҲȻҵλˮǴߣԴλ䣬Ҳÿ
չôīѯһҳϡ
޽չҳϿɬһЦ˵
Ȼ֪϶īֻ̲ס̾һ¶Ц
׺ּңѾ뵽˸ǵʬǵĵطҲֻаʮˡ
ǡ
ī̲ס̾һ
˭˵ûȣߣϷѾƳʲôûȣʱųϲȴкǲ
λҳ϶ʱһЦŲ˵
īֶʱεķһۡ
˼Ҷһһ󷨵ƳƳҲ˼˵нȣ
īҲҶ˵ʲôǿڵųϣʵҪ֪һ
ʲô£˵ɡųͷҲûأ󷨱ã͵Ļֵ
īΣҲֻýŵʮգǺż֮ˡһ벻ȥ
ż⻰ųŤͷüͷ΢壬˼Ƭ֮ŤͷȥˣȥԼȥɡЩҲߡﲻæҲˣᣬϷ̰Ҳʦ
ųһ仰ʱҼλһֱߵĳǺŭȴҲû˸ҿֻǴվԭء
īпЦ˼һ֮ȻˡǺðɡͽųˡ
ˣɡ
ųƽʱ˽ʵҲƽ͵ġֻʮƳһƣȴûаֽչĹŹƫִһҲ¶˳˵ҲԵÿ̱
īٶһ̾ԱߵҳʹһɫȻŵˣȸˡ
ųûлشһͷĿ󷨱仯һ˼
īûٶ˵ʲôת㳯ȥ
Щҳϣʮǰˣ뿪ﻹԥ
һкҲֱӾ͸ī֣߳ͨ


940 
һҲռһԭһСƳġȻ󣬵Ҳǿһֻų󡭡ǹȥɡ
ߵͨ⣬Զų֮īͣǼҳ˵
Щҳϣר󷨡ȻȲųϣҲٮٮߡ
ī֮ԺԥʹӦЩ˴ߣʵҲ뷨ġ
ͨһЩֶεõǸƣҪЩȥƳ
ߵĽֲ̫в֮ǡǱߵĽȻһЩʤڰȫ
ֻϣôֲĽƾͺˡīҲֻ˿οԼ
ҵ̫ˣǸƣпؾֲһͱȽϺáȻûųʦκ˼ҵĽҲȽƳʮȷǳҡ
ǡҼλϣȻ
ī΢΢˵ͷûٶ˵ʲôˣֱ뿪ؾ

ʮ֮
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棬һ׺棬΢ЦƽͣȻ⡣ּ棬˪ˡɳ棬ƤЦϢ͡
ˣû˿ı仯ʮ£ϣҲ˿ĺۼ
ʼɡ׺桰΢Ц˵
΢˵ͷȻּȴֱӾͷ˹ȥûж˵κεĻ
ò׺΢΢һͷΡ
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âʢ֮У˴˽ƴšǾ޴Ĺţٶȸ֡
ּ沢δͣһΣֱӳ˹֮СһĻǿУȴҲû˶˵ʲô
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׺ŵ״ʱԴ亹λǿ΢΢һ񣬱ʮˣ˹֮С
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׺üͷʱ΢΢һ壬ЩûǱɳ档˼һ֮ȴҲ΢΢ҡҡͷŤͷЦһ߰ɡ
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Ҳ˵ʦ֣ôģ
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˶ӵз˵һҲб𰡡Ϊֹû֮˵ı𡭡
ѵǱͬʱˣ
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ôǷ䣬Ҳȫʧ飿
˶ڷ׷£û֪Ƿʲôˣ鶼Ϊ֮һЩʶ֮ʿ棬ᵽһ˿Ѱζ
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ʱ䣬Ȼš
һһ졣
һһꡣ

и
Ѫɫˮ
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ȻݵΣȻΧصԣ̶̶ʮ£ݵĳɳǿԸܵġ
һľ֮Уһйؿռ䷨ĸ򣬲ͣıĳǣʶСͣĻζſռ䡣
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أһ޴Ŀռ䡣ռ֮ǿ֮һǺʵġ
˵ʲôռᲢۣôʣʱ䡣
ռ֮ӯءʱ֮ȴᴩռ䡭
ӣʱյ
ʱյȴԲݵġһε
˵пܿʱ֮ĻôʣˣӦѾﵽˡĴڡ
һˣ൱һľ硣ֲ
ΪΪǿ֮һռĿֲҲǿԤġ
ңڵġңоڲʱķȻ㾳磬ֻǴһƬǿƶϳġʣҲԴ档
ﵽ羳ǿһֲֿѾԿݻĹȻУ϶Ҳһ۸ݡ仰˵޿ܵġ
ȻζݶԻԵ̫ңԶǰеľ磬ȥҲ㹻ΪޱǿĴڡ
ȵǸʱͿԸԼķٶⲿ
һ㣬ʵǲ˵ġ
罪ԣøԶǴɡһһӡ
ֻһѿڣʱݵѪɫԡУ˯ˣʵȴڲͣݻռıá
ݻĹ֮УҲڲͣšΪڲ֪֮Уʼס
ˮԴĵ䣬һңоǰֱˡйˮȴδͣ
ʵϣˮ
ľ磬ף磬ڰȵȡЩԼлûķݶڲͣš
ΪҲڿռڵ
Ȼǿռ䱾֮֮Ҫ磬磬ͱҪõ֮УЩݾͱҪá
ˮеģɲֻǷǳĿռ򡣶Ƿǳ㲩ȫġֻҪһаķ򣬴ˮи
һɵдСңоֻеŹ£иĹ󷨣ҩȵȷЩݶҪһһ
ԣҪʱĴС


941 
ңڵĵͳһ⡣嫵Ϣڲ֪֮䴫ݵԺ֮С
ңоΪڷݵ޹Ĺطֻһеķʽڽܴеһ׶ΣǲеġҪ֮ٸԼҪȥС
һ򣬲ͣݵ飬ĸй٣ı仯š飬򣬸෨
һ硣

ݵʣҲ𲽵ı仯ģϢԽԽƽͣһ˿ԲȻļ
̶̶ʮ꣬ڴеĹУʮʱ䣬ȴ޵
ˮµ飬Ҳĳһ̣ļӾ
ʱ䣬š

תתۼ䣬ʮ£˹ȥ
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ô仯ģô仯ģ
׵Ʋͨĳһ뷢׵ߣץһĿԼǰ󷨹ȴһƫִĳտ񾳽硣
˫ͨ죬Ķǰҿ䳤ϣųϡ
ƣѾʮʱ䣬˵ֱǲġ
ƵƷײߣֻܱ켶Ĺǣؾ̶ֳȵȴ޵һĿֲԲǿߣҲ޷һػֻΪؾ򱻷ӡԪӡԲǿߣҲûл
£ڵĹҲԽԲǿ߸ɱ
ԣḶ́ҪСССġвҪһ³
ˣĽȣС
ȻٻֻҪнչչ黹Ƴһġ
ͽһǳؼʱڡ
ʮʱ䲻иŬ󷨾ֻʣһˡ
ֻҪƳ󷨱Ҫѡ
ǣһҲΪѵһòݡƳʽвԣҪһ񡣼ڵһ֮⣬ֻ󷨻벻ı仯
ⲻųԸ⿴ġ
ΪˣѾ˽µʱ䡣ˣЩˡ
ֻҧгݵĿǰ󷨣˫ͨ졣
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󷨱ƣųϵҲ˵ĺܣīִЦƳˡ
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ų󷨷ǿʦΪʮһֱִҪƳ󷨣Էߵǰ档
󷨱ˣųҲ˳ҶԣһϢ
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īҲĺܡ
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ʮǰҴСжȡһͨ輫ߵĳϵĹ֮£ҲǷǳϲ˵ġңδʲô⡣
ǵųϲѡӲҪƳѵĽƣңֻҲڼǰ档
˵ʲôҲˣųֲƿأīҲεĺܡ
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ʮⱻƳųҲǿĵĺܡīֵ飬ҲЦŵͷӦǡ
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īҲͬҲ۲ܡ
ȻǲųϵģҲ˵ȫͲ󷨡Ҳ۲죬ô˵ҲǶһ㱣ա
ȻһƲͨĳȣȴǳǵ
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߳˶ʮʱ˵Щ仯ˡīִż־֮ɫĿ⿴ܡ
Ȼţǵı飬ԽԽ
ʮ
һ
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ᣬǡ
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ųϵ飬Ҳ۾ǰȻ飬ҲЩ
Ȼ󷨿ˣͬʱҲǾԲǿߡضͬҲǲСġ
йؾܣɳȺ˶ȽϺġųϣȻҲס
ۿɽԽԽɽ嶼ֳһ֣ųϵ˵ҲԽԽ޷
ڣֹչһս֮˵ΣȻһ󣬶ԭأ
īֵɴ۾ǰһĻ
ʬǣģƽһ޴οռ䵱СڿռľͷһƬ׵Ũ
̧ͷƲʵеɽȻԽԼ֮䣬Կϵ¥֡
īԭشãڣһ飬عϣӿֳŨŨϲɫ

ͻȻЦ
û뵽ȫû뵽ǽһƳ֮󣬾ȻֱӾͨı֮
ˣǼ
īֵ֮£˶ĦȭƵģȺʬ˹ȥ
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Ȼʯʲôģ˵ʲô
صġҩ
ʬǣֻҪÿʮߵһҩǾ׬ˡ
Ҫ֪ҩеʱ򣬿ʯҲ򲻵ġ
ǣǿʼЩʬǣܹҵһЩ
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ûУ
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⣬ʬǣȻȻһҲûУ


942 
һҼˣȴǴסˡһɴ۾ʵ˳
ǲţǽѰҡ
ϧķһʱһʬһʬǵķңȻһûҵ
һ£īֵ˸סˣ֪ηӦ
ؾֳƸΪ֮Ͷ˷ǳΪʬǡǣһҲûҵ⣬⡭
Ȼīֻһ뵽ʲôĿ⣬οռľͷĿĶŨŨİ
ֻ£ûСǣѾһˣȻҧгݵ˵
⣬ܰɣ
ôĽƣųҲǺʱôòƳһ֮ͨ⣬ֲбͨͨһ
ǰ
Ҽλ֮ȴһŵ˵
Ȼīȴҧѵǲ֣һ֮һֱͨûκνƣųƳ󷨵ʱ˵һ仰ǿɻǵʲô
ʲô˶΢΢һ
󷨣֮󷨣ҪĶ࡭īૣҧұΪֻáϸңͬҲƳ󷨣ȴûô󷨡Ϊʲôպþˣ
ңؾϽͻȻʧһ˲ⲻôҲһżȻ¼ǧˣ飬ȴͷһγ֣
ʬǵ
˵īһĿֱֱĶƲʾͷ
ΨһĽֻһһƳơؾϽʧһ˲ƳһƶġǸĽƣҲؾԭĽƣǸˣµģ
µĽƣųҲķʮƳ˵ͬһ㡣ܹƳһƣƺҲܺ⡭
īֵ˵š
ΧҳϾ㶼һԭء
֮ǰûзЩ⡣Ȼīôһϸ˼һ֮ȴòϡīԣǷǳпܵģ
ǽƵȷǹŹֵĺܣṹ֮ǰƳĽкܴĲͬųϣʱҲһ˼Ŀ˵˳
仰Ȼӡ֤īֵһ²⡣
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϶΢΢һĬĵ˵ͷ
īֲٶ˵ֱ˵ϣ۾
ȻųϣȴѾߵοռͷĿ˸Űɫ⣬ǰĽơݣòݡ

ңڸ
һݻׯ԰֮ڡ
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װݻָ߹Ϣ
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ŶīٸЩ⣬գһ۾
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Ŷī۾ʱһüҼǵ֮ǰ˵ǵطֻҲаʮɣһ¾͵ˣ
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ī첻Ǵϣ˼ֻһҲٷӦ
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һؾнʧ£Ҿһֱڻؾ˰ǧ꣬ǧ֮Уȴδй
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ټʬǣȴһҲûеʵ̫ˡīҡͷΨһܽ͵ֻһǾѾɽС
īҲüͷĿ˸
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Ҫ֪ؾֵأҲ档أ˵ΪҲƿõĲƸϷ˵Ҳʲôȥһ֮󣬱ûȥڶΡ
ǣؾϹʱĳɵĵͳ֮صĲ²⣬ȴһֱΪ²ЩƵпϹʱĳɵĵͳ֮ڡ
Ϲʱɵͳ඼ѾϡаƬȵȡЩǴƸκһˣӵĴڡ
ǿߣҲܷıء
Ϊпӵ׹ģ
Ʒеھ졣ʮƷ˾Ե򾳡Ȼ֮ȴҪ
˵ɳȺ棬ΪѾԶԶңּң׺ҵ档Ƚһֱͣڵ򾳣Ϊȱʧ
ؾ֮ǰżǿӵ׹Ļô
뵽īҲ޷ˡ
ȷһϹŵĵͳ֮أī쿴ī֡
޷ȷǣкܴİաīûʲôɣֱԵҽ뵽ɽ֮ϵľҲԽҵȷǿһЩ¥ȷĳɵĵͳ֮ڡ
īĿʱ˸һ˲ӹһ˿Ȼãھȥ֪ͨ棡
˵ţȻվīֵڽ˶֮ǰĵطΣϢʧˣ
ǣīֹ
īʲôҲ˵첽뿪

ؾڡ
ϥīȻ۾վ


943 ķӦ
ҳ϶Щ͵˼壬īֵһعȻѾͨ߳ȥīοռ֮Уֻð⣬ŨŨųϡ
īǣϹȥīϵ˶й
īһߣһ߿˵
һҳһǡ
˵ţչΣٱ˳ȥ
ȻīֲٶԣĿ˸ݡ
ԼĪСʱ֮ī֮ǰƳǽƵ֮أȴ
ϡ
ϣ
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ʱŲҳϴͨ˽Ҽר󷨵ٮٮߡ
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ߵ֮ЩϺȻһ۵⣬󷨣ȻƳˣ
ҲǲͣҲƳƶʮꡣȻûʲôæȴҲܿ󷨵Ŀֲ뾫֮
һ󷨾ȻǱˣһǵɴ۾
ųϹȻʦ󷨣ȻҲס
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һ㶼Ǹ̾ޱȡ
漴ǳһ֮󣬶ʱһɻʵųأѵǽ棬ȥˣ
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ҳ϶΢΢һЩɻĿī֡Ҳȷûٶ˵ʲô
ҪﲼһơʲôƶԡȻװ󡣡ī侲˵
Щ϶ʱ΢΢һж¶ɻ顣
ī飬΢΢һ֮ȴ¶һ˿ɫ
ǿƳĿտͨԼʧ˵ųϣУȻһ˿²⡣
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Ŷľ֮ϣҲֳһ˿⡣漴ĵ˵ͷī졣
īһ󹧾˵ʬǴûһɴˣīīֻɡʮǰؾ䣬ֻΪɵġ
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üͷʱĸһ˫˸ų˼ɫƬ֮ſڻ㼴̣ǰؾҪϢ©һϹ
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š΢΢˵ͷ漴Ҫȥأ
ȥҵȻҲҪȥ׺΢΢һЦҶؾһֱȤҪĽʵ̫˵ĻͽȥˡڼȻѾؿڣȻҪȥ
˵׺ЩڴϹɡĳɣ˵׼׹ء
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ٶ֮죬գۼ䣬Ѿʧ

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һ֮Ʋͨ˳ţһ󻶺Ҳ漴
һˣ
Ʋ֮ͨڣʮǿߡǰɢɵâĹ㡭ǽƱƳ֮ı
ǿ߻ȸԾ㶼Цѡ
˵ҵĬɳȺǿʦҿͽ֮쳺ϱҲʲôһߣЦ˵
ǰⶼʮˣ˵Ǹŵġּԭ࣬ȴѾԶԶˡһڵߣҲǿοЦ
׺ŵĽҲǻкܴĲࡣҿһҪ˭ȵִʬ֮أҲּˡһǿҲǹЦ
Щˣּҵǿߡ
ؾԵƲʽʧһ˲֮ǲ˶ؾУ˽ơּңȻҲ⡣
ǵվԱߵģһģӡΧ˵ĴЦ飬ûжٱ䶯΢΢ҡҡͷ˵Ĭ裬ҲǼʶġȷҪǿ࡭ƳǸƣȷǷǳѡ˵ʵһǺ棬ʲô󷨣ܹôá


944 
˵ţ΢΢ҡҡͷ¶˼ȥǶĬЩƳ˼
ҲôöûʲôչˡһּǿȴЦ˵ҽ˵ԭֳȥҼϣڽ죬ֱеǽƴĬҲЩ޲ˣԲҪ˼ɣ
Ⱥݰܹṩʲôõķ٣һߵĽչҲô˳ЩĻʼ߹˰ɣʵȴѾˡּǿЦ
ҵļ϶صǸƴ
˴Цʱһɻȴ
Цеּҳϣ㶼һͣ˵Ц˵֮ˡ
˵ģһһֱûпԵˡݿӲʣһּеλˡ
ڴ˶ȻܹϳˣǵƹеõһؽƷɫȭ׵ġ
ʱüͷ΢壬¶⣬˵Ҽλ϶صһʼǸƴּǿߡ
λǿ΢΢һ£˵ͷҲǸղ˵ġոڵ⣬̸ۣ˵ҵļλϣصһʼǸƴ
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λּǿߣϢĹ֮УϢġ
ȻϢ֮ȴüͷ¶˼ɻ
Ϊһƣѩ˺ƤôͻȻַˣЩɻš
ѩţҲǹɳȺһšȻԶԶҲǹɳȺߵ֮һһ֮£Ҳ׵ǡ
Ϊ˷ѩŵһߣѩ˺Ƥ˵ġɼ仹ǷǳӵġôͻȻ˵ͷ
ĬǱߵĽͻƣ˵ЩĻĴ߸ˣüš
Ƭ̧֮ͷƽȥһϢǱߣô¡
һ΢΢һ£¶ɻ󣬵ǹǡ
ǰһż̽յһǣƵĹϵȴǸطģּҵĵλҲûʲô仯Ƿǳߵġ
ƽ֮󣬱ת߳ƲͨȻּҳϣȴЩɻ˼ʲô
ϣʲôôڣһǿߣ̲סѯ˳
عҲʲôɡֻҵΪһߣѩ˺ƤġôͻȻʵЩ벻ͨҲûʲô²ǡ
˵ԼҡͷʧЦоԼЩ̫ˡ
ҵ˶ȥǽƴּʲôϵ
뵽Цҡҡͷ̫˰ɡҲû£ƽȥҵĶ̬Ҳ
໥ؾᱦȻҲˡܹնԷһ㶯򣬲ô˵Ҳһ¡
漴վЦˣ߰ɣһЩʲôջ񡭡
ÿƳ֮󣬶пܻһʲƸʱ࣬ʱ١
ͺһӣ֮ǰڴġ
ּȻЩɻ󣬲֣ⷬҲٶ롣뵽пˣһҲ˼־񣬵ʮˣ㶼űƳĽ֮ͨȥ

治ôġҸʲôʲôϵ
һߣƽһţȴЩ̫⡣
ǼϣƽȴǺĳϡǣⲢʾƽȫˡ
ǣǰһż̽գѾһȻѾκã飬н١ΪƵĹϵĵλ˿ҲûܵʲôӰ졣ƽеЩƽ
Ҳһڵǿߣ֮Ҳֻһ߶ѡӵзƾʲôĵλҪ߳ôࣿǺĳϣƽֻͨϣпޣ
ƽз߷߲ƽ
治Ҿٰܾ㲻ԸȴҲֻ˳
ߣȥȴȥ̽ϢƽаЩ⡣
ô˵ƽǹԹԵĳƵȥ
Ҫ̽ϢȻֱסһ˾ʡƵϣЩϢȻȻľͻǿߵ̸Уй¶
ʱƽ˳ڴһΣڣƵϡ
ƵֵĺܣؾĽʧһ˲֮󣬱¶ĲƸ˴ɢޡ
ֻ޵Ŀռ䣬Ѿǿ߸ռˡЩǿߣҲϡһϡиģؾС
ƽҿ˿֮󣬱һط̽һϢ
ɾ𣬳һȺȽܼķȥʱ

Զ߿ͻȻһȻĲţһɺȻޱȵƣͽȻ䣬Ƶ
ǿƣƽոշΣһֱӱѹϡ
ʱޱȵ̧ͷ漴ǿ߷Ӱ
Ӱ·УȻǵٶȿƲ죬ʵȴ쵽˼¡գۼ䣬͵˸ǰ
ƽһԼ۾
ˣһһŮ
ӣݿ£ԲȻ·
Ůӣǣ䣬Уٳ
˿ȻǺȻޱȵƣ䣬ɢġ
棿
ƽʱɴ۾š
ϳˡ
ǲ׺棬Լ棡
棬ôͻȻٵˣƽţ˼ȫɵס
ɵסĲ
Ƶˣɵˣ̧ͷӰ
棬ɳȺˣ¶ܲʶ
һɵ۵֪ηӦ
ֱɵ˽ǰ֮Żع
棡
棡
Ȼһҵк
˶ͷŵ
ƽҲ˿ҵ
Ǻǣɡ
׺һϢͣϴ΢Ц˵
󣬵ȴ鴫Ƶ·˶˵
һݡ
ӹܣӹˣǻһ඼ˡû˸ҿһۡ
ǿߣϢԲȻͨǿ˵ӵޱȿֲǶݿпܵı飬ϡ
ƽҲϽͷҶ࿴һۡ
ǿ߲δͣ磬̤ؾͨ
ֱӰʧ֮Ƶϵǿ߲Żع
Ȼһ˵֮
λͻȻؾ⣬ô£
ǧǵڶΣ
һǷʲôˣ
ǣû˵ʲô·ôˣ
׺ŵ棬Ȼҷʲô
ô£
һǿߣǷ׷ײ²
ͻȻǷʲôˡ
ƽվԭأ֮ͻȻһ顣뵽Ŀġ
ѵѵҷʲô
ƽһ䣬ݴ䣬Ҳ˿ͣһΣֱؾĹţʧ


945 ƶ
˵ʲô׺ˣ
ƲͨҵʬǣΪ˵ƽͻȻ˵Ϣ֮󣬾ĻȻ
ּҳϣһҲȻһ
棿ôˣ
ʲôˣڲӦҪǰôͻȻ
׺棿ǡ
˵˶һȻ
ȻҲ뵽֮ǰƽȥϢԵɡ
ϴ֮ɫʶľã£бҪ֪ϡ
뵽̧ͷڴ˵ȴȥ֪ͨһ
˵仰۾
ּҵ˶Ŀ˸ӶԼãƺǷʲôˡ

Ƶʱ׺棬ѾڵȴʱīֵĴ֮£εĿռ֮С
οռ֮УƲƮ졣ʬǣȻƽԭأϡ֮䣬ܹܵһսĲҡ
ڿռ価ͷһƬŨƲʣڵȥ·Ʋ֮ǰĬ೤ϣð⣬ϸĿǰƲʣȫעλҲû˿Ĳ֮ϣǴһ˿벻˼顣
īּ棬ʱһ߹ȥųϣˡ
ųԭ񣬱˴ϣ϶ʱӿֳһ˿ŭ⡣ִˣϵŭ΢һ٣֮ŤͷȻͿ׺档
վĬ࣬λ档
棬ĬƢԣҲǹ񡣲ҵ
΢˵ͷӿĬһ֮鷳ˡ
Ĭҡ
΢΢˵ͷҲûٶ˵ʲôǿԱߵĲ׺档
ʱ׺µ̧ͷŨеɽԼ䣬Կɽ֮¥֡
ô濪ѯʡ
׺һ΢΢˵ͷȷпϹɵĵͳС˵΢һ٣Ĭѯʵ󷨣аƳ𣿡
ĬǹɳȺǿߣҲ֪һġ
裬ĴҲȲ
Ĭ׺ѯʣ΢һüͷһ֮ȴ΢΢ҡҡͷ󷨺ȻƵĺ֮ڡǳ
Ҵӹż֮ϣйֽƵϹʱֽƣΪ֮ǿסǿߵ󷨡б֮ˣֱǺšң飬ƻпָ֮ܽȻҪƳǲܣǳѡ
Ĭҡͷ˵
֮׺üͷҲ΢һ壬Ŀ⿴Զеɽ૵˵˽Ļô󷨷裬Щ˰
ĬŴԣͷҲ΢һͷڻԿ϶ʮǰȷ˽Ȼ֮޸֮ϣһ˿ۼ
ĬԣʱλĿʱһ೤ϣҲһ
²ǲ²⣬֤ʵȴһˡ
ĬĻɵ֤ʵīֵĲ²ˡ
һʱ䣬˶üͷˡ
ųϣаƳ𣿡ɽƬ֮ŤͷѯĬࡣ
⡭Ĭ¶һ˿ɣǽֿ˰һҧ㹻Դ֧šѭһ˿ۼķһЩʱ䣬ܹƳ󣡡
㹻ԴʲôԴ׺۾㶼һĬࡣ
ƽʯƽʯĬ˵
ƽʯ׺üͷʱ΢΢һ塣
ƽʯһڲһռ֮ʯȻеĿռ֮ԶᲢ۵ġͨķеĿռǿƳһЩС󷨵ġ
ʵϣؾĴСٶʹһЩƽʯ
ϾϹ󷨵ˣڷëǵġ
ֻֿʯĲôߡڹɳȺҲֻطг
ƽʯУīЩɵķʵ
ӦСĬ΢΢˵ͷĿ⿴ǽƣзż˼Ĺ󷨱öˣƳ˵ʵвдƽʯ֧ŵĻЩͿƳȻͬӵзԵʱ򣬻ҪλһԻš˵ţŤͷλ档
׺ӹһ˿˼ЦȻ
˵ֿ֮ɽе¥ģҲӳһ˿ڴ
棬ЦҪȻһ£
ĬƬ̣΢΢ͷ
Աߵī֣ϣҲֳϲɫ
ܣȷ֡ĵʲôôôĹͣôҲܲġ
ͷһεĺô㹻࣬ôõʹͣҲͻԽˡ
˵׼ܵõһؽױīϲ̵š
ī֡ڴʱŤͷ
ī̬档
ȥռƽʯ
ǣ
ī뿪
׺Ŀӹһ˿⣬Ĭվԭء
ȴ֪ڴ׺š
ءӿԶƲʵеɽĿзһ˿ʡ

Ȼȥؾ
һųɹӰɵ֮ϣֳ־ȡ
ǵ档ոմϢƽػص
Ŷ¶˼ֺ֮ɫ૵ѵǷʲô飿
˼Ƭ֮󣬿ڵȥһ顣ʲô
ǡƹ
΢΢˵ͷӰʧ
ټ֮ڣ΢˼뿪

ʱȻš
׺ؾ֮󣬾ûгȥȥʲôط
ҿһ£׺һѾûˣ֮һҲûˡֻƳһƴҵˡȻȫƣͳߣ
׺չƽʯǣòѾǾ޴Ƹ׼Ҫһ˰ɣ
˵׼ݰ٣Ȼд
Ǻ氡
νûв͸ǽο׺ݰؾʱ˿ûвͷ¶β˼ˣǿݰؾ飬ѾɳȺˡ
˶ںλǿߵǷʲôؾĿʲô
ֻȻ棬ȴûκһ˵ȥһ¡
ǿߵϢԼô
ԣһжڲ²⡣
ԣ׺ſʼչƽʯ飬ȴס˵ġؾڣҪƽʯǸʲô⼸ѾǲԶˡ
Ϣƺֵøͷӻ㱨һ¡
˵Ϣֹš


946 
׵ĸͷƵģĻšȥҽԺҽ˵ڴҲãԼĺá͵ķ䶾ٶһټҺۣ޷רġҲֻдһ¡ٶǸ
ɳȺΪжķзȫڵ֮صи֮УһУȴƽɡ
Ѿǿʼ֮ģʮ߸ͷˡ
и󣬰񹬵ˡСһˮϣһѪɫĹ⻪ת֮䣬Ϣ
Сһˮ·ŵ飬ƲϢڵͬһֹӿСһˮСһϸ΢ĿռѺۣˮʱʱ֣ĹâˮѪâӳյĹâ
һƽ·بûκα仯
ݣڽܴС
ʮʱ䣬ˮڤڤĳǣķʹݣԲǵݡ
֮صʱֻǶˮз򡣵ִ֮֮ҲһЩ򡭡
ǣ֮صķƬ֣ȴԵģûκεĿԡͺһԨ֪ʶڵ֮أǶһͷһӵ򡣶Ȼаְ˵ʵôġ
Ȼ⴫и󡭡ȴ
еķȫϵͳɵġңڵǰ֮ܽǻ۽ᾧз򣬳ȥʱ֮⣬Ǵǳѭ򽥽
ݵİǾʵ̫ˣ
ݵľԲƵꡣرãһ̣ȫȻء
ǶԿռ䷨˵ƣѾýȻͬ·ռ䣬˶һ㡣
Ȼ֮䣬ѾһֵԳɣصļ
ԷѾﵽ˾Բľءû뵽ľΪȻҲǿ־ᶨϡϵżָ̾ǿԳԹĵˡ
ƽȴ¶һ˿Цݣ΢΢˵ͷǾͿʼɡ
˵仰ݵͷʱ΢һ
ʱ䣬иˮϣʱһεĲƣȻ𵴡·飬˲ܵһɾǣ糤ӵ˿С
һڶȻէ֡
飬С
ͬʱƽ˶ĽɫʶҲȻ
ɫʶĲˣ֮УһڶȻ֡ţһƬ飬ȻǺڶУӿ˽

Ľ룬Ȼһϵñ仯ŮŤݵĽɫʶУƲݡ÷ݣи߸裬
鵱е̫ǿĻþ
˱Դ֮Դ֮ء֮绯أʵڵĽṹ֮£չġԣĹһҪ
ڴʱ
Ƽ֮һƬͼƽءһͼɳ֮ѹһС
ǱԴǿߣȻֻʣһƲл꣬ȴŷḻľ顣
з㶼򣬲ͼҲʲô⡣
˵
γһƬͼͼԷ֮ɡݶз򣬶Ѿﵽ˾Բĳ̶ȡҪͼȷʲô⡣
Ȼʶʶ֮ȴδһʱӽָ£ϴһ˿˼
ĬƬ֮󣬻ڵ˵ΪԴ֮ԴɣʵҲڵĻ֮չġһ㶼ʹͼ˼Ҳ˵ͼ԰ɣ
΢һ£ͷȻ
ĹʵûһرӲԵĹ涨ƼʹͼΪˣΪȹ̵ͼǣ˵ĵͼΪ˴ﵽ򾳵ʱ򣬶ȫз򡣶ͼҪǷ֮ϵġʵϣ󲿷ֵˣͼ죬ֻһ֡˵ˮ֮ôͼпˮͼҲпˮͼ˵
Զʱ˹
ףӦˮĶˮ̬֮֮һ˵ˮ֮֮󣬴ԡˮԼԣĵͼ
ͼɵĵ򡭡֮󲻻ôЩ
Ȼ⣬⻹Сʱ˵ͷü˵Ȼˣ˵ǲõˮͼ֮ˮľľ𣬻𣬽ˮƺһѭ̣ȴҪһʼͲͼʱҪѵĶࡣ
ʵҲƼרһԵеԲֱӹΪĳһ֮ȥԣҪٵĶࡣһ˵һԲߣȥԣǧ꣬꣬ʮ꣬пȫ򡭡ûбҪֱӾͲµһԵͼ
ϧĿǳܶԶߡ̾Ϣ˵
Ҳ΢΢˵ͷ漴ȴҲЩп
ǵõңڵĴУֻ£ڴﵽԲ֮Ҳԥֱѡˡ
Ͼֹ󷨵飬ûʦָ㣬Ҳûмܹˡ
˽һ֮УѾ֪ԼĵӦҪʲôͼˡ
Ǳġǡ
ݲ㰴մͳͼķʽĵ
Ҫ硣ֳ֡죬ء
ˣȴһĿУһ˿⻪
һʶ飬ʼٻۡ
󣬽ɫʶ֮䣬ƾһʼȻ͡
⿴һĻ¶Цݡ
ΪУӦе
ȻǰĽ飬ʼͼˡ
ʱ䣬˵ҲҪɣ⿴Żֳһ˿ۼš
һǳʱḶ́Ҫķʵ̵ʶСΪԴԴͷʱȻ̫ˡ
һ˿˿飬Ž𣬻ƣ죬࣬ɫ˿ߣʼݵ˼ά

ݣڿʼĵ֮أȻһƬƽ
ȻؾʱȴһƬ֡

䣡
ƲһĽƣܵһƽʯĿռ֮Ĺ֮ȻĹ
ᣡ
âʢһӰֱӳŶǰĬ༤ȥ
ٶ֮죬֮ؾУûлĬֱ
ȻĬȴû˿ı仯ðŰɫ⣬ȻĿ⾼Ķǽƹе
ࣣ
һһ⻪Ĭ׵Ľס˽ƱĹ
ɢΡ
׺ջָϵ飬ȴûаֶݡ
棡
棿
ڴʱοռڴͻȻһ𾪶ҵ
׺һ󣬽Ŀ⿴ͨ
ӵ߳һ·һӰ֮ʱ˵⣬΢һ
󣬲׺ϣ¶һ˿Цݣ֣ڵˡ


947 ӵĴ
ģּ桪ֹԪ
ּ濡ƽò׺Ļȴ¶˼Цݵ֣ӣЩ˼Ŷ
˼׺ԶʱʧЦ仰˵ȥɣôĶѵֵĶĿ˵΢΢һ£ŽҡͷЦˣȻˣͿɡҵҲæǿѾʮˣЭֻµȽȥˣҲֻܳһ߽ˡ
ּԣʱЦ΢΢˵ͷǳ˵ȥɣһųϵָӡ
ּģȻּҵһڳϡּ׺ĶԻһȴɻ
֮ǰѾԼ׺һ׼ȴҲû뵽Ȼ
ʲôȥЩ֮䣬ѾʲôЭһ㣿
ּ೤ɻѡ
ֹּҵ೤ɻ֮ǰøϵĲ׺ŵ೤ϣҲɻ
ڿǺĻ֮󣬺пܾϹŵĵͳڡֱأȻֵԽԽáԼߵ滹ּһ
ʵ벻ס
濴ȥǷǳƽѾĳЭ飬ɻ󣬵Ҳû˸ѯʳ
ּҵˣܿҲߵ˹Ļ֮ǰң׺ŵĳǣվһ
ܹôɵľͼ뵽һεжּҵĸ⡣ͬʱҲһ˵ʵ水֮ǰԤչȥһֻٲ˵ġԼһһжطҲûʲôס
ʲôҲûзȻּɵġ
Ĭȫעһ󷨳ߣһ״̬ˣҲ׵һߡĿгâ˸ǰĹ
һͣĴг֣ʱʱû󷨹С
ǰڷһѵġƽʯȥŲֹ
ƽʯĬһһѡÿһƽʯĿռ֮ʵޡ󷨺ܲһ㣬Ҫȡʱ䣬á
еʱʮţеʱֱӾǳɰǧšƽʯеʱƬ̾ͻᶪ⡣Աߵ೤ϣæԼĴȡģʱʱ̱֤̿ƽʯ
ּҵ˵ǰæʵȴҲֻһԿšһҲǴ˲ٵƽʯһĻҲԷǰƽʯһĻҲûκֹ
ģֻĬһ˶ѡң׺Żкּ೤ϣֻΪһڷ
û취˭ܹѿһģֻλһλϹʦͳĬأˣϹ໥֮Ĺͨ㶼̸ֺ֪
ʵϲǣλ棬ֺγΪ
һƽʯȥƽʯԽ࣬ķҲԽǿЩͳͳԱߵĲ׺棬ڸոչּ棬
ǿԳɵؾȻҲ޷ط򣬵ԼĵܹʹõġͲ֪ҪȾԲǿҪǿʲôطȥˡ
ؾǵʵӰ죬ʵӰĲ
ȥ˷·ĳĬӽڣһҲֻ˵˼仰ѡ棬ֻǿּһۣûԡȻҲĬּҼ顭
磬ʵЩûס棬Ϲŵĵͳ֮ڡңǾԲԸиһġΪʲô׺ŵ棬ô򵥵ּҼˣУǲЩʲôأ
ּ೤ϵУ쳺վڶ档˵ϣżɻĳ˼쳺̲סüѯ
΢΢ζһ£ҡҡͷ˼Ļش뷨Ҳ޷ȡϸ룬Ҳûʲô
Ŷ쳺ʱ˼£ɻĿ
һ˼·׺ȵִżżȴôƵġҪǣҪ󣬾ͱҪõƽʯ㿴ĬӸղŵڣ̶̲ʮϢʱ䣬˽ƽʯƽʯȻò󣬵Ĳࡣ׺Ҫ󣬾ͱȻҪչƽʯ£ǸҲס
׺ּҲϽˡѡλ֮Ĺϵ㲻ǹͬƹźżܣעǲΪʲôȫ˺Ƥż񼴱棬ҲֻеʮҰˡǸΣѾ˺üؽƷıиĲƸǼǿԿ϶ġ棬ֻҲԸķż
ŵͳȻȥӦòСϾ󷨻ûƣΣûκЩʲô棿˭Ҳ޷ԡżıأǿԿõľԷǳˡŵͳΣȴû֪棬ԸΪôһδ֪ıؽ棬ƺҲͿˡ
Խ˼·Խ˳գһҲ¶һ˿Цݣ룬žΪЩԭĬ˰ɡ
쳺֮ҲǻȻ
ѹ֣׺Լĵһ仰ǾȵѯʣҲʲôֱӾһ䡰֣ˡʵһ仰̺ϢͲˡ
쳺Ŀ⿴λ档λݶʮֵƽϣ˿գ쳺ҲֻҡҡͷĬ
ȣֻǸոտʼˣҲ֪ҪķѶٵƽʯʱ䣬Ĵһˡ
ƺ棬Ǹʲôģ
Уڴ

ʱ䣬ôȻš
ɳȺҲ
һʼֻ׺ŴչƽʯּҲС뵽֮ǰּҲؾδڣ˶Ѿ֪ؾǳ˴¼ˡ¼ȫ
˵жͬèһҪ֪澿ʲô¡ȻҲܷ߰˰ˣ֤һҲֻһ²⡣
²⣬͡
ǣͣȴҲûκΰ취Ͼۣ֮⣬˭ҽȥ
ôֵĹɳȺ֮ϣһ飬ҲָǾǡԽԽˣĪԼıչ֮
Ҳʧ١
˴ĪӦ𶯹ɳȺ顣ΪؾĴ¼úܶ˶ˡ
٣Ӧע⵽ˡȫˡ


948 ͼĵ
йڣ񹬵˸ŵİ׹⣬ƽš
ʮż֮ϣ޴ĴˮȻ˸ѪɫĹâ
һϸ΢ĿռѺۣʱʱ֣ڴˮԵѪɫˮ⣬
ŨûɵȻŤڿȻ衣ĸǵĿвͣĴصڰ񹬵֮ڣ쳣
飬ڵĺڶУûա

ڽ飬ͬˮӿ
µڽ飬Ѿ˰ϡ
ɫʶռ䡣
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ŵ˵ͼΪĵһŶǾѹţݺ޵еĴڣͨĵ˫ͼĵǿߣֻбŰķݡ
ټң޵Ĺǿռ䷨ġͼֻǸռסȹͼ֮󣬻Ҫرһռͼռ֮֮ڣȫԶȥҲӰ쵽ݵĸΪռͼĴڣͼ
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һǿֻһͼȻΪеĿռԵĵӵͼġ
Ҳͼͱһĵ˫ͼҪĿֲԷҲͼҲ޷뻹ӵпռ֮ݿġ
ңоΪң֮ǰݺᶫҲٷ꿹ֵĳŵڷȻֲ֮
֮ģҲֻʱ䷨ˡңöԷľҲҪѹסݣĻҲ˭Ҳκβ˭
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Ȼʱ䷨Ҫڿռ䷨һЩռ䷨ʱ䷨Ҳþκε
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Ȼˣʱ䷨ڿռ䷨ҲΪƿصķȻʱ䷨ƬҲֻƬˡһͣʲôƷʱӡĵҲȫáȫͨռ䷨򣬽ӵʱӡƬһֿռ䣬ֱ뵽յȥ
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ϧңȻҲǿֻķȴ֮ררеⷨңڣǵ֮أҲḡַ

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⿴ݹ󷨣˼ЩƮɵʱ·ͼͻȻһãȴ˽ע⣬ѩ׵üͷʱһšͷȥȴ¶һ˿ɫ
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ͼһ˵ǻһǷεͼ˳ǡˮľ˳ΪֻͼŻȹһųϢ಻ܹѹŵĳ̶ȡ
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԰ꣿ԰ͣ£ȵ㼯Ǿͻʱӣȴ޷ƽʱҲǼݱ
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Ǻǣ֪ˮݣѵͲ֪ˮôݵУȴ͸¶һ˿Ц⡣
ˮã⣬ʱһüͷͽȻ㵽ʲô
νＫط̩Ҳ˵ڣʵ㶼һѭؼ̵˼£Ϊ˽˼£ˮˮɺԵ±ľľȵ±Ϊ˻𣬻ȼյ£ֳΪһѭ
ݻĿ˵Ȼ仰ȴýⶼǻһ¶𾪵ɫ·ݡ
ƽվԭأǰǱòݵ෨
仰˵κζ˼£ͻһֶƽ˵
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ԣͼҵĵУӦýеġӦý
ˣͱȻŮˣйͱȻкڰкڣаףлˮ죬еأңǰкգᡭ
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˵ݵǳܣĿ˵⣬૵̥УȴԶԶҪǿе⣬ǻɵĸ


949 ͼ
У
ɫʶ֮ڣݵһýԭءԺйӰӣֳһ¡ȻģĿ֮Уһ𾪣ȴԽԽŨ
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Ѳ֣
һˣаһ棬ǱȻһ档壬гһ棬ҲӰҰһ档
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ϡǵãϹʱҲٵǿߡǸΪʱǿǷǳչġʱǿ߿̳ĵáʱҲϡǿἰ֮˵
λھʱһѾﵽ羳Ĵڿ̳ʱ˵һ仰
羳֮󣬱Ǵ֮ҪԼ磬ԳأԳһ磬ʮǿͬһ𣡻羳ǿߵĻȻĵ
Ȼ仰˼ǣ⡭Ҫô
˼ܾãȴҲûҵκεķ֮Բ֮ɣʼԼĵ򡣵Ϊû˼ȥö⣬ǹؾصͼԼĵ
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֮춦͵ңڣιȻһƲл֮꣬·ȴǳ׵ĶϾûκε뷨ˡ
ǴʱݣȻʱ򣬾Ѿˡ֮
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仰︺⻰ȴ˼Ϊؼһ㡭ĿƵĿǰķ˿ߣȴЦг
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ң׺ţԼּˣʱͣ뿪
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࣬һݾ鵭ĮŮӡȻƮȻ
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Ȼˣϣȴȫİ
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ǵ˳ȫȻ¶˿ɬ֮ɫ
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Ψּݣһ˿Ҳѹ֣Ͼܹһأǰ͡˾˫˫ɾ͵ˬĲģֻ¾Ҫˡ


950 ƣ
ϸ磬ǿˣΪ㲻ء׺棬ȿڵˡЦһ֮Ŀȴǿ죬΢Цϲλɾ͵֮ˡ
ִԣĵġлˡ΢΢һЦȴǹ˵
Ȼǻ桱Ͼ׺䣬ɱҪ̫ˡҵǲ׺˵ԼǾҪּɱˡȻûΪǳͷ飬Ǽŵġ
ȻҲɾ˵򾳣ǽгˡ桱ʾ𾴡
ҲŲ׺΢΢û˵ȴҲĸм̬ȡ
ʲô治ġнΪ۱֡Ƕǵ򾳵ĵѣֱҲˡ׺ȴǹЦյŬҲ׷ѡȻûн£һˡ
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еĳϣŻعһ𾪵Ŀŷ絭Լ΢Ц졭
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ǵ뵽ʮǰż˶ѵǸʱǾȥչˣ
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ͷ׺˵Цһ֮ȴǽĿ⿴ɫЩѿּ档
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ͷٺһЦΣ죬лһֹԪ档һҪҪһֻ»֪Ҫ֮ˡ
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Ĭ಻󷨿ˣһȫעĽ뵽ĹУΧһˡλǿ߽СһȻһ㷴ӦҲûС
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Ĭ󷨵磬ȫ֪淢ʲô£˿ҲûзӦЦͷһֹ֮˵ȥˡΨĳǣˡ
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ᣡ
ƽʯӴһ˲䣬ռ䣬Ȼһ¡ţıƣһ۵µĹâ֮Сʧˣ


951 룬֮أ
ʧȡ֮ģһƬʵĹ
ȥֻϢ
ĬһվţֱӾͳʧ˵ıƻûĹâг˽ȥ
ĬһǿߣһҲ۾
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Ϣʱ䣬Բ㳤ȻĬû˵Ϣ֮ᷢʲôʣԿ϶ȻˣȻĵû˻ڴʱɡ
Ҳ߰ǿߣȻؾѹǵķԪϾҲ˻Ǿֻ͵ķƷ巨ҲǴ಻׵ĵطϢ֮ڣؾС
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ܿģǾ͵˹ڵǿ֮£Ѱ

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ģһɫķڻţš
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ҪǣԴԽա۾磬Ѿֻǰ硣һգͬҳһ㣬ĸǰ룬ɵĶ֮С֮󷨿ռ䣬Ҫӵİȫû˿Է֡
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Ҳ֪˶֮
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ЩʵǴϹֵת޴ӿ֤ȴ߱طǿ
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һաֵĳͣݵϣҲʱֳ˼ܵЦݡ
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йֵ˳£˿ѭĹɡǷܳɹĿԴ
ݿ˿֮ȴҲΪ뼤
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ȻʧܵĻⱾҪ䡣ǣν߷ղи߻ر֪֮ླ磬ݵĿǳɾ磬ѳȥȻô;Բ
֮ءǱԴıԴһеĿʼˣԺҲʲô̤۷ˡ
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ǰ֣ɰܣҲڴһˡ

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ݵһȣй֣ͬʱŵеġա֣˹ȥ
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⣿ȻߴĽ⿴һĻĿ⣬ȴͻȻ
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۾Կռ֮֮໥Ӵֽ֮뵽ռ֮Уͨռ֮ӣ֮ʵ͵ͬһͼ
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Ȼ˵ԺͻȻһһɴ۾
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Զ巽УΪľΪΪ𣬱ΪˮΪԱ壬㶼ԡݡΪΣֻ򡰶ȡľ֮⡣㶼ʵġǿԿüţܹסġ
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⣬ˮҲơ㶼ݾΪ졣
Ȼľȴʵǳغʵ֮Ϊء
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ѹţ˻ģݺ޵УֻҲǺɣ
ڴȴš

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ҪģһƬصĳΡ˿ݳ
ɫ֣ɢһɫĹ⻪
Կɫ⻪ɫġйߵУָԵ
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Ѿ仯Ѿֻǰĵĵȴš
ݵ۾Ǳ˼ά͸Ǿ޴Ĺ룬෨򣬹Լĵ
һƬͼͣݵսõױȵ
Ȼһ൱ʱĹ̡Ҫ֮ȫںϵռ֮УҲһ׵顣

һһĹԼĵͼ֮ʱȻ֪ĵ֮أʱַǷ
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ңּң׺ټϱɳȺλѡֱ߷һ·ɡ
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֮أϣʶȴܵ˼ĸšǵǿߣǷſ򣬷ʶҲֻ֮⡣Ѱκζֻܿۡ
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һ·ȥʱ䣬Ȼڵ֮صС֮еһۼҲȻŸԶĵطţ֪ʲôʱһͷ
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Ȼλǿߡ
Ѿˡ׺濴һ֮˵
ӣԪɺԡҲüͷ˵
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仰˶΢΢˵ͷء
ۡɵˡ׺²⡣
ɫˣ棬Ҳ뵱һĲ²⡣ΪǱġ


953 ΢
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ʱâʢһʬǵϵ˳˿С
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һӳؽױʱüλǿߣҲ˴ȴûеһʱ佫ߡ
ǿ߶¶Եؽױﶼû˼
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˼֮󣬲׺Ȼڵղŷʬǵģּҵˡģֵܡ磬ؽױֵܶһһɡⴢĶƽ֣λΪΣ
׺Ļ༸ݾ㶼һ
Ƿͬʵ̵ҪʲôƸη䣬ȷһֵܼ顣
ǰ˵ؽױ϶˶Ҫõġǣ˭أ
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ҪֵһҾͱ
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˵ĴʵǷֳɵġ
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׺ȻЦ֣ΪΣ
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ؽױһǳһǽɫּۡ沢δֻǿ졣
һ֮漴Цûһ棬Ҿˣ˵ţּ棬ϴЦ
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ɫǿ߶СȻǶԽĺ浱굽Ƿʲô¡
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֮£ڶˣҲֻ÷ɢ˿ѰңֻܹҵһЩ˿


954 
Ѱ˿Ḷ́ǿġȻĳǣȴ˿ҲûоáΪѰҵ϶ҲС
ǵ֮ذУҪֹ෨ʱ֣򣬶оĺô
֮أǿǿʥء
һνеĳϣѾ˰ˡ߰ˣռ˾һ㡣
һΣûҵͳ֮أͳ֮صĺôѾһߣЩ϶ԣҲоջˡ
ÿѰҵʱ䲢࣬󲿷ֵʱǶǿգĵȴڤڤ֮еǣǸ򡭡
ȥˣǲܸһ
ֻҪһףһˣҲ㲻ˡ
мš
棬ҪΪҪġżһܴﵽ
Ȼ֮أڤڤ֮еǹǣʱأԽ롰һľأȻôࡣ
ΨһźģҲЩ򣬲ضĳһһķУɵġҲип
һѰҵٶȻ˲١λǿ߿һĻĬƬ֮󣬵Ҳûж˵ʲô
֮أȷѵõʥءôһᣬУҲǿԼҵʵ
ǣֻѰҵУۼ䣬һ˹ȥ

֮أҹκʱͷ֮ϣһƬڵǿա
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ĽǵķѾޣҪһؿܹһǣȴڵ֮ڤڤķ֮£򣬲ͣĽ
һ߻ķУһ̾Ϣš
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ĻҲīƶˣһͬ˳ĬڿзС
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ͬΪԲǿĬ࣬һʼҲǲࡣΪﵽޣڵ֮ûжѰҵʬǣͬҲҪϽ桭
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Ҳûκνͬʱ۾

һʱ֮

ߣһѹͻȻɽȵеī죬ƣˣͬʱ̧ͷȥ

ӰһӰ˲䣬˵ĸǰ
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λǿߣųǰȥ
Ųңͨ徧Ө͸⡣⣬ȴǿ
Ƕ±ڲġϷɵ±˴еĴ󲿷ֵĹâ֮ɽȵСӿпҲֻһضĽǶȣܹѹ֣ôҡ
߰ɡ
һȻֹԪҲһ¶ڴ֮ɫһƣƿš
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ţ򿪡


955 ٣
ŶӭģһƬ͵İ׹⡣˼ͬʱ۾ǿһİݡ
ݲɳܼĳŵ֮죬Ҳ֪ж೤
͵İ׹⣬ӰԼİ֮ϣɢġ
¶ڴ֮ɫһ֮󣬱ǳ·ȥ

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Ѿһʱ䡣
۵ĹâҲסĿ⣬Ŀзռ䷨ọ̈̄һ̣ˣҲǴ
֮Ѿںϵ˿ռ֮Уһʱ䣬ͼͿȫˡ
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УҲ¶Ũڴ
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ݡ
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ȫעŷ΢΢һ٣Ťͷ⡣֮ϸֳһ˿صʱһüô
ٶȵüӿˡ΢΢̧ͷĿա
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˵ҲЩɬţһҪͨ䱦һҪͨסΨĲţǹֱӽ䳡ġǾ봫еһ·
˵ţݡ
Ŀɿڴţ봫е㹻ԶΨ봫еҵġȻþţ
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ݵüͷû뵽ؾǧˣЩ涼ûԼɣЩȴͻȻ֡
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ӰӣɫʶеĹâԽеҲͽȻӾ硭
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ǿ֮£ĳǣŷѰҵͳ֮£Ǹ˵Ҫġ
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Ҳ֪ǵͳ֮صʲô
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ͳ֮ʲôǵȻҲ桭ǿ߽ˣﻹǵķݣ
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ƤʱĲϳһȿ޻ѿЦϣ棬Цˡң֪ͳʲôط
ڿԼĶˡԹһȻλ¹صͳҪǱ֪ˣֻҪԲ˶ˡ
ԱߵīƵɫҲȫҲɱ˼
ӵû¶ɵʲôںˣˡλȥ˵ͳ֮أĺöĻҲҪܵǨŭˡ
ô֪ôͷϵЦݣʢ

Сʱ֮󡭡

Ӱɽ֮⡣
ӰʵȴշУˣȫһ㱻š
ī죬ԼˣʱģνҲ̶áѪ죬һƬն
ԲǿߣȻʱȴȫ
㿴˵ﻹЩأͷһû˵ģЦ˵
˿Ŀ֮УȴԹߺޡ
˳ĬţͷֵˣôϣҵҲϾɱǵķ¶ġ
˵ֱ֮ӽеȥΣҲֶԼеīơ
˵ԪѾϣôߵĵطˤȥֻǱˡ
߰ɣǿ˽һʱˡ
ͷУ¶˼ڴ
ڴֻһ
׹
˵仰ͷȸȥһۣҲȥ
űͿţȺС

ȣ湻ġ
ȵУȻֹԪˣǰš
ȳŵص죬¡һʱûߵͷ
ȴóȻ١
пɵĵͳ֮ڣûʲôΣв˵Сܹûдġ
ʱֹԪͻȻһͣ
ôˣ
˲ֹԪ쳣ͣ


956 ƽ
ֹԪݣ𽥱üѿգоðŭ
ͷǽˡֹԪҧ˵
ԭЩɻ󣬵ţҲǻһƬ֮˵Ŀ⣬Ҳ
У¶˼ֻɫ
ĴϣѾˡ֮ǰǱͷ֪̽˵ͳ֮ڡ
ӿٶȰɡ
ĬƬ֮˵
΢΢˵ͷҲ˲ý£ٶȣȻӿ

ˣ
ɫʶռ֮УһֱڹעŽˡȻʱĸӦУֲٴνˡ

ּ׹һȻ˵İ׹Աߣֶһš֮ϹӰӣӰ
ȫעټӿ취Ȼ˳ֵʱ̲סһۣüͷѹ
ͷһС
˵ͷһ˵ĹϵʵǺܲģϾôһϵڡżУȹζˡ
ȴǲ֮ͬУΪؼʱ̡
ʧ֮⴫ˮǻܹŴеġֻдгɹ֮ˮŻ顣
ңڵĵͳУ˭ܵͷ˲ģ
һ˵˹һЩ֣֪ݿ˿һô֪
ˮǽ˶棬֮У빭鶼޷ϵĪ˵ϵͷˡ
üͷ壬漴ȴŤͷ۾ں
һɣоᡣʱ򣬾һк˵ˣ
Ҳżֽ֮ɫʱȴʲôҲﲻϡ
ϾֻһƲлˡ
򣬶ʱǿҵµĹâʶռ䣬ӳճһƬ貰쵡飬Ƿӿһɫ֮С
ʶռ䵱еĿռѺۣԽּ˵ת֮£ʶĲ

٣٣٣
˶ڼ١
ڷٵںϵٶȡ˼٣ǿܹȶһЩôͷ˼٣Ҫ׷ˡ
Сʱ֮󡭡
ˣڳ嵽ȵľͷ
˵Ŀ⣬ͬʱһ󣬳˳ȥ
Ȼ˳֮˵ΣȴȻֹͣ㵵Ŀǰ
ǡɴ۾
һټޱȵĹ㳡˵ǰ
㳡ʮ㡣̧ͷȥԭʮɸߵĶҲȻȥԼĪǧ֮ߡ
Ȼͣ½Ųģȴ㳡ʬǣ
ʲôֹԪҲɴ۾𺳡
㳡֮ϵʬǣ·ڽĳּʽΧһý㳡һʮɵĸ̨Χġ
ɫȻһƽ֮ϣ¶һ˿Ȼ
ʬġɫ
ۣۣۣۣۣ
ЩؾУ˼еɫ
ô£Ĵǰһôôȥɫˣһģ
ͬһɵ֧ͬ
һʱ䷢֮ǰΪθƶϣǴˡ
˽üͷȻƬ֮ȴһ˦ͷЩȲܣȥһ¡
˵仰ͻȻͣĿȻԶ
ȻֹԪ쳣ɻ˳Ŀ⿴ȥȻһ֮˵Ŀ⣬ҲȻһ
ǣֹԪʱһ
㳡󷽣һΪΰĹׯΡ룬ͨ԰ɣȥӨ͸ص׵Ĺ㳡֮ϣɢһŨĲãϢ
񹬵ֻһ㹬̫ߡԼĪҡ
Ȼ˴סģǹϷҶ
ԹŴдŹִ֡
е
ǴеֹԪʱ˷
ȻУҲ¶һ˿˷ܡ
̫ˣ
Ҳû뵽ȻһֱӿҪҵĵط
죡ȥѾʮ֪ǷڽܴУֹԪ˷ִܵżֽĺ˳ΣѾֱӳǴе˹ȥ
ȻҲǴһ飬ع
ûȻѾȥʮ꣬ĳŵĴпǼ˺嫵ġһ˵иʮϰ꣬Ǻġ
뵽Ҳһ˿ڴһΣȥ

ˣ
Ŀ⣬ʱһ
ĿеƤҲ΢΢һ£漴ȴǽҧأת
ںϣǼ˾ϸĹԣʱһ꣬ûɡ
ԭٸһʱ䣬ȫˡϧ
Ѿûʱˡ
ݱѡʱֻҪһţȴģ
ҧأ·ʲôֽĿһһ֮ȴһҧתɢݵʶС
ȻĿȫںϷݣȴ˿Ҳûв

еȫ԰ɡƽڹ㳡֮ϡ
ֱ㳡·һֻעŹ㳡֮ϣңˡһϢĴš

⻪Ӱ˴е֮⡣
и֮⣬һ㳤ȡ֮һյģߴɵĴš
ֹԪһȣֱӳ˹ȥȻһλˣֱ˴иյĴ֮ǰ
ֹԪϴ˷ڴ飬һƣҪƿյĴš
Ȼϣһ֮󣬴֮ϣʱðһŨİ׹⣬ַĻȥ
ƣֹԪݶʱһɴ۾
ȻϣҲ¶һ˿ɫš
֮ϣ⻪תһ֮󣬱ָƽȥû˿쳣
˾ɲĿһֹ֮ԪٶһüĿȻӹһ˿⣬ϣһŹֵͼڣֱٶȥ
ȻʱֹԪһ£Ƕ˵֮ˡ
䣡
ŹŹͼڵ֣ݺݵ֮ϡȻţȴٶȼһǿҵİ׹⣡
âŷ֮УֹԪֻһɾϮһʱ侹վΣ
ţֹԪʱɴ۾ȴĿһǽơе˭ڸ
ŭһĿĶǴš
ȻϣҲ¶һ˿֮ɫһ֮ȴûж˵ʲôǾ۱ʡ
ݵĳĬ֮󣬴֮ϣͻȻɢһŨİ׹⡣Ƭ֮һɷǵӰ˹֮ϡ
˵Ŀ⣬ʱһĶӰ֮ϡ
Ӱɫۣɷǣǣһ˫׵üëͷȻֻһӰ£ȴ͸¶һ˵Ϣ·Ȼ
˶ʱһһӰǿ󡭡
صأ˱ܡ
ӰĿһ֮ȴǵȻˡ
϶ݡ


957 
߹Ӱĳֹ֣Ԫ˶ǴһȻֻƬֹ֮Ԫһ¶һ˿ЦһƲлˣŵʱҴԼĶֻ֡ʣһƲл꣬Ҳҵȣ
ȻʱҲӰֻһƲлꡣ
ǱϾǵ򾳼ǿߣ۹⣬ȻǷͬСɡһ۾Ϳʵ
鲢ûжٱ仯Ŀ⵭ȻĿֹԪˣȻȻֻʣһƲл꣬Ҳǿ߸һ̶ȵĴ֪ۡǲţ
ĻֹԪĿٶһĿ¶һ˿ɡ
һƲл꣬ôʵҲôǿȻղΣΪûʩչǿٷ֮һҲ
ǣֹԪ治һߵĻ
ı飬ݲȣԼһڽƲл֮Ҳ˿ңʲô֡
ѵ񹬵ʲôĽƲɣֹԪĿⲻɵӹܣЩ
Ȼ˵Ҳб䶯ĿһֱǴݲȵߡߵ֮ϣû¶κεһƬƽ
ȻƬ֮ȻĿһ۾
ǺǣǾȴ˴ϣ֪ɷ񣿡ͻȻЦ
һԣĿ⼸΢һȻ漴ȴǻһĿ⿴
˵ʱĿһֱû뿪ݣһ仰˵֮꣬еһ˿ʱС
漴ʱϲ
лڼû뿪ϣʱӿһƬֲĲȵ֣Ȼһ֣ͬлڼǻлᣡ
ĻȻֹԪһ󣬿ȵı鸡ֹԪ֮ϡ
Уȴ¶һ˿̾ſϲеȴǸ̾
̫û˽ˣȻ˼ˡ
һ֮̾ĹӰʧ˴е֮ϡ
䣡
ֹԪԼȻĹȻײ˴еĴ֮ϡ
˵Ĺֲޱȣʩչط򶼱赲档ĵͼ˵СһƳиֲޱߡ
Ȼиƴ֮ϣȴһҵĹâһ֮ס˵Ľ
ֻһɴӿɵһ
ͷǰȻǳǿߣһ˿л꣬ǿ˹ûϵֻǲл꣬ջľٶȵÿһЩȻп϶ҪͷƽˣҪ֤˴ʧܡ򴫳һɣǾˮһա
ϣ׶¶صɫһ֮Լĵͼ
ֹԪȻҲ˵ͷ
ͷƽִУѾ޷ı䡣ΪڽȥˣҲڼ̵ʱõĴСˣѾʮĴУ񶼻ûгɹǣȻڶʱʹгɹ
ͷˣȴǵ󣬲ʱҪ
˶ǼһƿţõеĻᣬҲԽһЩ
һʱ䣬˷Ĺ

еڣŽաȻһ⻪ȴӴˮУͨ񹬵ǽڣ͵֮ϡ
䣡䣡䣡
һеĹڷĺŴšÿһЩ⻪һ˿Լ䣬ǴˮĹâһЩ
ӰϢٶȻص˽ɫʶСʶڣݻڷںŷ˫Ŀգݲ԰ס
һ̣ѾԼеʶȥͣ򡭡רעԿ֪ղŽѾʧһ˲
·ݣϺͰ֮ϣ¶һ˿΢Ц
ݣ⼫ˡ˼ԣ츳߾κһǿߣĴˡ
ԭΪԼԸ뿪␈ĵط֤ĳɳгһգؽңڣңֵĶʢ
ϧ
ȴһ̾ϣȴ¶˼ͻЦݡ
˰ɡ
֮ǰ͸ɢġΪһ˿ִڴˮһƲлꡣ񣬴нһƲл꣬Ҳɢˡ

еˣȻڷĹŴšǣѾ֪˶ٴˡ
ɶлһ˿Ȼǿ᣿ֹԪǺһ˴ţ۾ȴͨ
ȫʢʱڣǱԴǿߡΪԶԶǿߵѾ˻籾ԴĴڡ
ǸʱֹԪֲεǿߣҪǣѴ֮
ϧֻʣһƲл꣬Ѿȫʧܹ֧ôʱ䣬ȫΪˮе
񴫳еڵĴˮѾʧȥĻڿСʥѪɫâʱҲѾʧֻһ˿˿ͬһĹ⻪ڲϸ΢Ծ·ʱпϨ
ǽл֮𡣵Ϩ𣬱ǽɢ֮ʱ
ҾͲˣ
ֹԪŭҲ˲̫ǿǷ⴫еʲô
ֻһ˫Ŀ֮Уʱ⡣һͼ˫Ŀ֮УɨΧķ̼֮䱻ɢһա֮ϣһɫͼȻѹأ
⣬ĵ
һΧ֮ϵĹ⻪תɵһϣͣ˵¡
ƣֹԪһָ
ͼȻһһϹ⣬Ȼײ˰š
䣡
֮ϣâ֣Ҫֵ
Ȼͼ̫ǿˣ޴ӵ͵ֻžһ죬ţ˲ѡ

ڴһ˲䣬ɫʶеĽ⣬ݣȻ԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫϣȴ¶һ˿Цݡ
䣡
·ǰţһȻУ
һͼȻ֮䣬ڽɫʶϿ
âɣѹţ
һɺһǿ嫵Ϣͼϣ¡ͼ֮£⣬еһ˿ѹ
ɹˣ
ݾϲ
ϣҲ¶οЦݡΣʼϢĿʼɢ·𣬹Ӱʧ
ɹˣ
ݾϲĺţҪ뽪򹦳ɵϲá
Ȼһתͷ֮󡭡

ͻȻ𣬲ŵĵɴ۾
еĽ⣬ð׶ʥĹâȻǹâɢ壬ҲȻɢ
ݿ֮ϣ¶οЦݡȻָָݵһۣȴһ仰Ҳû˵ȫɢʶ֮С
ݻһסˡ
һ̣꣬ѾȫʧҲӦһ˿
䣡
ʱԭѾ˿ıУһ޴ĺ֮糱ˮһ㣬ӿĶС
ˮ
콫˴ϣ
ȻҲӱĶУﵽݵʶС
ݵ۾Ƭ֮
ˣ


958 Ŀֲɱ
һǰδеŭ𣬳ݵȫ궼
⣬λңڵ̼ǵõۼȺЦݣնƮƮȻٳ
ǰУΪŴƣЯңͣιҪΪ岫һƴδ
֮ϹԱӡ۾£١⣬ȴֻһƲл꣬ص֮С
Ǻεࣿ
ȴδаԹԣأȴ˥Ǻεȴ壿εػ
ǣǰݺᣬʱؼļįʽ಻ң֮ˣۿһƲл꣬Ҫ֮ʱȴһƲлҲ޷

Ǻεȵı

ݽҧأؿһŭ⣬񡭡
Ƕ
ݻȻ̧ͷ
䣡
ʶռ䣬񱩵ɱ⣬ơ
ʶϷͼȻͣoһϢڰ׶ɫͼ֮ϣķѹš
ʶѾȫһģͼѹգݵ֮ϡ
һ˿ߣ֮쵽ͼУ·͸ͼ
Աߣչ뺮̶֮ϣϹľ·Ҳͼѹ˿ҲϵɫâҲ·𲻸Զ
ڸԶǼ춦
ʶ䣬ͼ춦һıֳĬʶ·
ʵڻΪĵ򾳡
ֻе꣬ȫ뵽ͼ֮кǹһΡ
ʱͼһѹţֲޱߡ
ȻʱѾû˼Ҳûʱȥһ㡣
Ҫֻһ¡
ɱ
ɱЩһ˿л꣬ҲŹĻ쵰
ЯһŨĽʵʵɱ־صԼı𡭡

ˮ
ֹԪŭ֮һٻֹ֮ԪԼȻˣ˴еС
еȻӴȻֻһۣͷǾʮżݣԼʮż֮ϣһһСˮ롣ʱϳ˴ˮ
콫˴ϣ
ʱҲˣ
Ȼ˵ֹԪѾһеĳȥ

ֹԪĵδջأȥͼ˰һȴ˺صĿֲܡ
ȻҲαֹԪ¶֮ɫ
ղͷӰ֣Ҫһʱ䡣ɼѾͷǻҲķʮϢʱ䣬Ҳ֪ǷѾϡ
ϣǿɾˮһˣ
ΣЯֲܣֱշǾʮżݡգۼ䣬Ѿɱ֮ǰ

ֹԪûκγɣֱһƣǳСһŵˮȥ
ʶ㣬Ȼ֪Сһˮ룬Ǵ֮
һ
ֹ֪ԪӦ
Ƿϣ˭Ҳ֪û꣬Ȼһк˵ˣôңڵĵͳȫشߵϡֹԪҲǰ׳գȻɱһƣƾˣʵȴδ̫
ȻֹԪƣˮһ˲䡭
䣡
ˮ룬ͻȻȻѡţһֻϾֱۣȻˮУӻ˳һױȵĿɱһ˲䣬ճ
ʲô
ֹԪʱʧɫһּ֮ٵĴֲ˲ͷ
һƣҪ
һ֪ԺУʱð
ֹԪҲδ֮ϵͼûлաڸӦֲΣٵһ˲䣬ȻǿԼԭͼҲ˲䣬һ⣬Ƶֱ֮ϣȻˮ֮еֱۣһԽӣ
䣡
ۣ
һȻ죬ֹԪֻһɺƴ쵽˼Ȼֱ۴ﵽ֮ϣپؿڷ·һɽȻУһѪ壬·һ㣬ֱӵ˳ȥ
ʲô
һʣȻȻͣΣԼ۾
ֹԪ壬Ȼɳʮݺݵײ˰񹬵ǽ֮ϣ·һ¡ĵͼǹ⻪ɫ绡ɢ˲١
ڵֹ֮ԪϣȴԱ֮ɫĿ͵ĿϷ
Ȼͷ󾪣ˮ봦
һ񱩵Ӱ˵֮С
һͨĿꡣ
꿡£ڵĳն衣޳˶ӨɢɹͨеѾĴй̵Уеʴ
˫Ŀ˼¡ɱУȴŨµķŭ뱯ˡɱ·ʵʵ񹬵
ֲޱߣ
򾳵ֹԪһشͼ飿
꣬ʲôˣ
Ȼͷľ
ǣ
һ䣬ͫױˡ
һĿڣһĿס󣬷·ռ䣬˹һռѺۣƾո֡һɿֲµΣϯڳλǿߵ飡
ֲ̫ˣ
ֲ̫ˣ
ֻһͷȻռ䡣·ռ䶼Ҫͷ
ֹԪϱͲѪɫʧһ֮УҲֳһ˿ֲ
ԵȻһݵľ֮ϣҲֳһ˿԰ס
һӰһΣͷ
Ļ
һ£
˳
Σֲ̫ҪġҲҲ˲ʲôֻҪ˵Щʲô
Ȼʱ˵ʲô
ֻݵϣһɿֲѹһһ׵ӣͶһѹŵĸϢ˲䣬ڳˡ
Ȼˣ
·ֻһ̧ţαʧ˵С˻عֹԪǰյУһֻ֡
ֽϾȥû˿ɱֹԪϣȴ¶˾ɫ
ɱңΣֹԪǿһͷǿǱܣֲϢϱŷͼҲ˲䱬ɫ绡Ҫƴһ
ǣһжȻ
һֱۣϸʵȴӯޱߵֹԪƴһ谭һֶ첻
ͼǰȴֱۣ˲ơȵ绡ֱ֮ϣȴһڵҲ޷¡
ۣ
ֱۣô׾ٵģֹԪʺ֮У
ֹԪɴ۾ǲš
ֱʱţô׾ٵıɱˣ
ķҲ
֮Уһ䵽ҲҪֹԪʶɢǰһϢĶС۾ȻɴȻϢȫޡ


959 ɱ
ɾֹԪϢɢֻ֮顱һ죬ֹԪŴһϹ⣬ȻƿնЯſֲѹҪ롣
ӵ𣿡
Ŀ磬⻪ֱۣȻſһץ
һֳ·£ռ䣬˲仯һżޱȵ
䣡
ɫ⻪Ų·ݺݵһͷײǿռ֮ϣʱ

ֹԪɫ⻪д˳漴һֲ깥Ȼɫ⻪дֱüģ
깥Яſֲĵâ
ɫ⻪ֹԪĵͼͬʱҲꡣ
ִ֮깥ҲЯ˵ͼһǻУݱȻҲҪ⵽ش
ߣ
Ȼȴֻһߣޱȵɱļÿռ䶼ᡣһһ׵˫ͫһֱӭǼЯſֲ׵깥
ˣ
һŭصת
Ȼδﵽ򾳣޷һͷųĵ򡣵ǣͼǵ֮ʼ棬ѹʮĿֲڡͼѳɣȻ޷ȫͷţȴѾѹţݺ޵еĳΣ
Ŀеĺڰ׶ɫһͼܶʱͷŶֻážһ죬ǿֲЯâ깥ڿУֱɢ
ⲻܣ
ֹԪ굱УŨŨĲ˼޷š

ȴֹԪķ֣һա
ʱǽֹԪĿռ˲£

ֹԪֻһҲҽУʱȻֹ
ǿռޱߣһʱ飡⻪ֱӱ֮СһԪ
ֹԪɣ
ˣݵ֣ŻĴֹԪĲѪڵء
Ȼʱռ䶼ס
Ȼɴ۾ĿǰһĻ
ֹԪǿߡݺɳȺĴڡô׾ٵģ꣬ɢˣ
һɿֲͷƤӶ£ӹıֱŵסȻһ£Ȼһ⣬ĵ
Ŀյ߳ĳꡣ
ұȾѪݱȻͷ˿еȻ
ֲɱٶ
һ£
ļˣ˵˭ǾǴŭһֹǿУȻ֮𣿣
ҪԷ˵ҲҪȴϻȻ󣬻һ˿Ŀܡ
ڣݻ˵
⣬ǰΪŴƲϧԼʮ䣬ѾʦͽֵʦΪ˵ִײΪ˱һ˿л궼˰
ڻҪ˵ʲô
˵ʲô
бҪ˵ʲô
һһ׵ӵУǹŭʢֲɱͷ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
Ҫһɱ
ɳȺȫɱ
Լλɾ̾ʦ

һţ̤֮УʧȻȻݣȴ԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫ
ֲޱȵɱԼֽ֮ٵĿ־壬λǿߣҲǻˡ

յУǰһֱۣľн޷赲˹
ϲ԰֮ɫһ֣͵غȻӣ
أؼһһɫͼʱƾճ֡ſնȥ
ɫͼɢŻصĵͼ֮ͼ
ʶݻɱֹԪ֪ݵĿֲʵʵѪɱ֪Է׷Źǡô˿׼
ĵѾ׼ãһתƾͷţѹһ
ͼ֮⣬ּ䣬ųһ
⻪˸ˡ
һؽƷ
󣬵һתͼȻݵǰ
䣡
ݵֱۣȻǿֲܣȴ꾪㤡
ֱʱһҶԳ壬ֲʱɽһ㣬Ȼڡ
ݶʱһףα˳ȥ
Ϲâʱһ˿ͼǲ㱻ϾеؽƷ赲һûش

ڴʱԱһĿֲΣϮ
Ťͷڰ˫ͫ򹥻֮Ȼ
ȻϴžȻ֮ɫͷҲһƬͼ
ˮɫġˮ֮ͼ
һɱϢʱ⡰ˮ֮ͼ֮У˵ȻУһ˵ɫҲǵؽƷı
һգƮȻɣȴЯſֲޱߵı֮⣬ֱݵüġ
ؽƷĿֲ˿ռ䣬գۼ䣬Ҫݡ
ߣ
һߣĿкڰ׶ɫʱ⻪ͼĺoϢ
ϢԴ̶ֲȣԶԶСοȻĵͼֻǵһˮ֮ͼ
Ϣһͼʱ䣬ͼǷâۿɼٶѸĥȻǲ㱻ͼһ˿Ϣ顣
Ȼϣʱ¶˾ޱȵ顣ͼ֮ɢٶȣҲʱһ˿
ȻУȴûаϧ֮飬ֻĿкͬһ麮һζԽ˿ռ䣬ֱȻǰֲʺ
Ȼ
ʱʧɫ궼ŵļ塣붼û룬ͼ󣬶ʱǳݵı󣬺Ȼȥ
ҪΧκԡ
ǵؽƷıɹءټͼĺȻһǻݵϣݣֻҲܡ
ݲûжܵ뷨бɱĿ纮û˿Ĳ
ȻֱۼȻײʱһ⣬ȴȻϱ
Ȼһ죬Ȼʱݲ԰׵ı˳ȥ
ؽƷĿ⣬ʱ򱬷âĵطȻϵİɫȹ
䣡
ֲ嫵Ȼȴͷһۣһ粽αա

ͼ󣬶ʱնȴû˵˿
ռ䷨򣿣
ɫҲû˿Ѫɫɴ۾š
ǿռ䷨ı󰡣
ռ䷨Ǹ߹һεпռ䷨ǹŹֵĺڰ˫ͫˣǸͲɱ
ӣ
˳磬ݻЩ԰ױ˳ȥȻ˲ץסֱ֣ӾͳŰ񹬵ų˳ȥ
ХУ֮ͼҲϡ
ӵ𣿡
֮Уƹ֮Ȼ㤶־塣ð˿˿ĺ⡣
һɾ˵ͷȻһ˿⡭
֪ܴеģһô˵ʲôҲҷ
񣬹Ȼɱ죬ɨ˻ġ
ڣҲˣ


960 
磬ǵİͼХգſա
˵ϣȴǻҡ
һֲĴڣǵǿߵǣҲ˿־塣
֮Уһ˫һһ׵ӣȴĿǣ֮Уû˿еģֻһƬǵɱ
Ľ˵򾳣ôͼһ˵ĵʱҪѹ顣һΪʮȥţҪɱǣ
ݲδ򾳣δͼһ޷ͷųĿͼϢѹƵͼٱ飬ͿԿ
ͼǵ˻ģѹʮĿֲڡ
еؽƷıȴҪɱǣҲס
ؽƷıҲǱԴϵǿߣơԴǿ߶Ҫʹõ
ȻͼμߣҲǱԴǿߵĶ֡Ѿ޳籾Դһ˿Ĵڡƾͼ޷ѹǵġ
ǴıҲûƻ

֮Ѿɢ޷áǣǿȣʹߵȵġ
ݵĿз캮⡣ж˵ɱѾﵽ˼¡
Ȼӵпռֲޱȡȴ̫ǿ׷˳ҵסȥͷһ߼ٷУһ߼еĴȻ̫ǿˡҲֻȫ֣лĿܣ
ǻˡǻɱ
ǻ⣬һеȫû뵽Ȼǵôһֲɱ
ռ䷨Ҳˣľġһ˫һһ׵ӣ
Ƿĳֵͼ
ǹƵ޾ѹţкoϢͨͼ֮ײ˲ҪſաͬΪ򾳣ȴ޷Կ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôһֱȫͷţԤһԷͷųĵôǿеҪᡣԪѹơؽƷ޷ӳǿ
ҵߡ
ȻȻϣȴ¶֮ɫ˵
ͷʱ󼱣ĥĥʱ򣿣̫ǿġȻҲǵؽƷ۷ȵĹ⡮Ǭͼƿؿռ䷨ǵĹʹ򲻵ΨһģǱķ
ǣȻҪ˵ʲô
ض˵һ֣ʲôعܣֱȥͷˣϿûеؽƷﻹһƽӡ֮һֻ֣лĿܡ򡭡˵ɱ⣬Ǵһֱ׷ɱɷ֣ӴȡһȻС
Ȼã񡣶סıٲ
±֪ԼĻҲһ
Ҳǰ˷ˣǳԱǻǵġ㡣ҧ˵š
Ȼһ΢΢˵ͷ
˵䣬Ѿ˰񹬵Ǿ޴Ĺ㳡Ͽաʱ·һʼǿҳʬǣʱѾ޷ٹעһۡ
ֱӾͳһͨȥΪ֪ͷԼˣҲ߸ϡܹ׷֮ǰ˻ϣòˡ
ǣ͵ȻͷͳʱһƿֲΣȻϮ˶˵ͷ
һɣͣ£
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ټֱۣ˵Уʱ˾֡
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յУݵΣ¶һ롣һ룬ûڡ
ϣѾһ׳ۣڳ㡣һһ˫ͫеɱȴȻͬʯһ룬ᶨơ
䣡
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ڰͼͼĸţֻ΢һ
ͼӰ쵽Ҳ
һ֮£ٶȸеһɽƵ塣Ȼˡ
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ȻһĻֻҲֻǿһ֮󣬱㲻ٹעĿ⣬ӭ˹
䣡䣡䣡
һսȻչ
ݵƯ޶ռ䣬Ҫȥʲôطֻͷһû֮СͼĹܾˣȴһҲ
ʵҲûд˵ݡΪҲٿؿռ䷨Ķ֣һѲĹӲðͼ뿪һһΧͷΪһﷶΧ֮ڣͼٶȣҲȫռ˲ᲢܹۡסֵĹ
ݵͼϢȴĥĵһٽÿһιὫȫɳȥѪӿ
һѹսŵؽƷķ֧šȴһ˿һֵҲûС
찡
š
ͻȻԼ뷨Щ̫ˡ
һһ˫͸¶Ϣʵֲ̫ѹţ˻ġ
ÿһ֣ͻĵƵٱ顣
Ҫ֪ıϢϢصģȫ飬嵱еҲҪʮȥ߰ˣ
һһ̶֮󡭡ƷķҲҪȻˡ
ֲĴڣɱӵеؽƷ
֪һ֣ݶʱ԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫ
ѵһߺķ͵ķľҪô׵
ٵΣȻ


ͨйġ
ͨڣ죬ΣͷˣΪʶռ䲻ܴ̫Զ˿ûиһֲսٶȲ첻ĳš
ͨѶ£ȴ֪
Ҳ֪ͳ֮棬Щʲôͷӣõʲôһûһ˵ţͻȻѯͷ
ڴͷһ£ģȻǡ
ȻĻȴȻֹͷԭĵı飬ͻȻЩüͷĿ⣬ǰͨȥ
ͬʱΣҲĳ濴ȥ
ʱһٵΣ˵ǰ
һˣʱͣķ֣ߣȻ
Ȼ漴ǾͿһݲȵȻʱ֮ϣȻżֲ԰ס
ôˣ
ǰ
˻عһ򻰲Ȼȴ˵г˾˵飬ʱˡ


961 򾳵ѹս
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ҵ˴еɴСֹԪѾɱ˲סҳǡǰȾ񡣡ȻͷȻ԰ףڳȴʮ
˴У
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ϸסԷ
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ȻĻεˣʱ󾪡
ֹԪˣǵǿ߰
¶Ȼ֮ɫȻֹԪһγ϶ô˵ԷǵǿʵҲóϣʵ½ĵǿߣǶԷĶ֡
Ȼͱɱˣǽͳ֮زŶãͱɱˣӶӲȻǿߣҪһרŲסԷоȱ
仰˵ˣѵѹǿߣǿɱһˣ׷ɱˣ
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ĹϵǷǳġϾôĽڡ⣬Ȼֺ֪ǿͷҲû˵תߡ
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ͷüͷ΢һ£һͷã˵
ͷӦȻжʱһ֪ԷǱʾԸȥˡ
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μ״ҲЩ
ȻΪоûеؽƷ޷סǸشߵġ
ΣáҲû˿ɣ˵
һüͷսӹǡƽӡ˵ͷ
лȻ˵ķӦҲ֪˲ûдȥЩм
ϸ統ִԣжΣѣҵԲԹۡɫˣ²˳٣ǿ߰ɡ˵ֻϸҲֲ˶á
Ȼ˵ͷһͬӿٶȣֱӳŰͨ·ȥ
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ֻǵǿе˼ȻѾõ˴УҲûʵ˺ôɱɱһ֮󻹲㣬Ҫ׷ɱʣµˣ
ҲôΪġȻ˵ͷ¶һ˿⣺֪Ǵ˿ֲҲ³çˡ
Ҫ־͹ֹԪҵģһֵҲѹһֱӾȽֹԪɱˡü˵ȻֹԪǺܴġ
Ȼԣȴû
ûȻȴҲ֪ʵǸʱԼֺγ붯ֻ֣ǣֹԪһЩˡ
һϹųɵĵͳУκˣҲܵˡ
˵ЩҲûã˵˿ֲ˹ݿռҲˣͼڰ˫ͫĹŹ֮£ҲҪ顭ȻеؽƷʱһͼѣؽƷҲӲǽȥָ֮ζԸһֱĬŵΣȴǿ˵
εĻһڣʣ˾㶼Ĭ
Ƭ֮󡭡
ô˵ȥ˵棬ͱֹԪɱˡҲûǵĽ졣ȴǳ˵
üͷյҲû˵ʲô
ȻҲ֮ѣȻԴԼһؾ͹ˡ
ҪȥҲҪǿȴûκӦֶΣôɵܹȥȷЩġ
Ҳ벻ʲôð취ʱ䲻ˣҲûа취ֻǰˡ
˾㶼Ĭٶȷɿ죬ǰС

䣡
֮УһֱֻۣٶֲܣȻ
Ѿ԰׵ûаѪɫ촽֮ϣȻһ˿Ѫ
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һֱֱֻ֣ͬۡ޿ɵ޿ɱܣݻһС
һУӯͷ
ĵͼѾԷǹŹֵһһ׵ͫ𵴵ֻʣ¼Ϊһ㡣ҲѾ½߲֮ࡣеǬͼܣҲֻܷӳʮ֮һԷÿһɼĴˡ
ɾȴҲԸ⡣
ԵһֱֻٶȳֵʱǿᾫԪٻǬͼǰ
䣡
ۣ
һȻ죬ֱֻۺɵĺ˰ͼ֮ϣ޹İͼȻסһơȴֻһɽؿڣԴһѣһѪ֮һ㣬˳ȥ
֮Уݣ˳
УȻһƬδΪĲ״˿ͬ
Ǳĺڰ˫֮Ŀ£ɱȡ
һݽ˿Ҳͣ٣һٶȿաٳֵ֣ǰ
һƣֱʺ
Ŀ꣬ɱԷ
ݲɱ֮ˣҲĴ֮һɱģֶΣԶԶѪ붾
еľʢԸٶٻͼ
ҲˡΪѾضǿĴߣͲ˵κһ仰ԷĿֻһǾɱ˵ʲôҲͽ͡
ȻΪǿߣҲǼǿȻҲᾪ֣塣ƵͷҲ顣
ӣʲôˣ
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䣡
壬Ȼ˳ȥһѪ˳
һѹսӵеؽƷ񣬸޷ݿ⡭£ݵδȫ죬޷ٻ
˴ʱľԱչ˳˵֮ϣһսӰ죬ѾǳСˡ
֮ǵսǱԴսǶ򣬶սߵľ൱ͼ൱߱Ʒ׳һļ𡭡Ļ㱦֣սҲѹԵġ
ҲΪʲôؽױļ۸ʵ㰺ԭ򡭡һؽƷǧҵǧ顣Եǿ˵νˮнΪؽƷڵϵǿ߶ԣӰ죬Ѿ


962 ݣ
ݿͼ͸¶ϢͼĥȻȫı飬ȴҲѹƵ͡
һ֮屻׷ɳȥԿѾǿ֮ĩһ³
ݵĺڰӵȻûκεһ麮һɶԷĽţٶ̧Ҫ̤ա
ңоĲĿֲһݵɱУչšݿռڶսУ̫ˡ
񣡡
ϸ磡
̧ţգһʱ򡭡Ȼˣڸϵˡ
ĵΣǰͨڵУ˳ȵȻ
һ˵أʱͿݵڶλɣ׷ڿеĳ档һʱ󾪡ȻǾһˮ֮ͼʱ˳磬˹ȥ
ҲǴһͷųԼĵ
챾ǻߣͼǻͼһؼ¶ȶʱ
ͼſշ˵־ΪתƵġȻˮ֮ͼǻ֮ͼˮݣͬһߵˣδ໥ʶల¡
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ͬʱ˿е
Ȼһ׷ɵס԰׵ɫԼ߲ͣѪ֮һ˫УʱðɷĶݡ
ȻݵĽţȴͣ˰յУһһ׵ͫףͷȵˡһֱûһ˿ӵУҲ˼
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˵ԼϢȻȴĻȴŵĶݡ֪صĴһֲֿݿռ䣬ѹҪвҪ֡ڵ״һ
죬ΣͷˣҲɵ˵࣬Ȼ󣬶һĳݿȥ
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ݵʱ죬ΣͷУðһ˿ɫ
⴫£һϮۣɫգնȴһΧռ֮Сޱ飬һʵʵɱķǵأֲ֮
һ˫۾ȻǺڰɫī·ⶼագޱ߹âȻ˫ͫ͸¶Ϣȴ궼ԼĵͼУһ󾪲֮⡣ѹţɨʮ
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ͷһθܵһޱȳصѹ
ҲĶݣϴϢǸеޱȵĳء·ԵĲһˣһͷݺ£޼ɵϹۣϢֲޱߣ
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˿ֲĴڣֻҪһ棬ԲǡΪʵ̫⡣գƮ޶Ŀ⣬·һ쵶նֱָġ
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Уһ˵ݣǰֲһϵһ𡭡
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ܽһૣȴͬһףȻըĶߡȻɴ۾ģҪҲɳһ㣡
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ݣ
شһ˶סˣŴͣɵĿݡ
ͷɴ۾֣һֹһΡǴӲ˵ĶӣΪݵ飬˾⵱ӵһΡǣӶӿݣӦֻһСǰֲӣǱҪǿߣ⣬ôܣ
ͷˡȻͬҲ⡣
һݵȻ֮ϣ״αǡΪ棬֣ɶҪˡһεż֮ī죬רŸܹݡ˵ϹľΪͷĳ棬ǼҲһֱ֪Ҳδļݱˡ
ԭݾֲޱȣɱֹԪһɱǿһһһӵӣ
⣬ôܣ
Ȼ𾪡
˵еͬҲɴ۾ȻһҲǴԼҴϴֵ֪ġͿǵӵпֲޱȵ巨һпܲǹɳȺˣֻд󱳾һδͷԡʵҲˣֹԪΣʱڵ˵˼仰ֹԪɱ죬εĽ졭
˵һУԴԶݵĲȷɵġ
Ҳͬļݡʵ֮ǰУҲһе㱳СˣδĽ֮СҲû뵽
ݣȻֻһ㣬ҪҲɱ˵ģֲӣ
סˡ
վϵǿߣٶǰŹ֣ǣΪǿߵǣȴδĽֵ˿жҪֱ˴Σǲ֪ݣȻһǲòӵĴڣ

ľȻҲˡĿŶˣһ˫һһ׵ӵУȴһ˿˿ԥڣĿ⣬Ͷעһ𾪵ͷϵʱ³һ
ģͷʡ
һһ׵ӣĻָԭɫϹһĿֲϢҲ𽥵ɢ


963 ûйϵ
ϢȻɢȻĿеıȴδˡ
ĿȻһۣȴһԲĬתա
ֵܣ
𾪵еǿߣû뵽ݾһԲתߡ죬Ȼ
ݲδ֮ʧ
϶¶һ˿Ȼͷӹһ˿ɫüͷ΢壬Ŀ⿴˴еĬһ֮ȥɡ˵꣬ҲǴеλ÷˹ȥ
˶һҲعһ϶¶һء
ǵ˵ͷȻĲ֮£ƿնȥֱ䴫е
ǽ봫е֮һ̧ͷǿ˸߸ߵľʮż֮ϵݡ
ۺڷֱֱĹڴˮԣˡ
ȻıӰʱһɳĬ˵ȴϢУܣ
һĻ˶ǻһɱ˳ĬСϣ¶һ˿㵡
ԼǲлꡣȻԺ
ٲҲ׹ˡ
ǲл꣬ȻǶݷǳҪ֮ǰǿеʱֻ¡
뵽ϣҲ¶һ˿԰סѹ֣ѹɴ֮ȴһ仰Ҳ˵ͱ˿ֲɱ
ݳĬıӰϣҲ¶һ˿⡭
ȻݵĳĬѾһΣǴŹԼˡⲢݷɱġֻΪͷˣ
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ĿŴˮ۵ףȴһ˿Ȼ뱯ɫ
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ΪŴȻ޴ĹȻۿžҪصƿȴһ³ίָ˭ֻأ
ݳĬ֮վתͷĿ⸩¡
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԰׵֮ϣҲͬðŨŨŭ𣬶ݣȴһԲ
Ȼ˶Ǵˡ
ֵܣ⣬⡭潹֡
˵˭ᣬôʾˡ
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ǳ衣Ҫޣɲĥ𰡣
콹֡
εϣҲ¶˼ּУü̧ͷš
Ψͷϣ¶˼ֳ˼֮ɫŽ֮ϱܾ֮Ȼƽݣȴֱľģ˹£еҪǡ
ݱŭĶˣȴһƬƽ
Ǿã裿ڣݻڡ
ѵǣȻҲһһˡ
ҹã衣Ϊǹˣ裿
ȻʱЦһʲôϵ䲻֪ȴҲƶϵĳлľӴˮУԼʦͽ֮顣ͽܹʦ쾭壬Ȼ㲻衣лʲôϵҪΪʦ𣬶Ҳˣɱ಻ͷأοҵȣ
裿ûйϵ⻰ȴЦˡֻǣЦ֮Уһޱŭ⣬ȴ𽥵
ȽеҲһʬǰɣѵоûаɻôģ
ݵѯʣȴý֮ϵȻԼ·ˣ΢΢һ
ңռӴĵͳ֮أҲܲ²ңһֶʢǣģѵҲ˼
Ϲ䣬ݺᡣֻʳȻһʷϲ֮ǿϹ御ʧСΪһƬصסΪ򾳵ǣѵʹӲ棬Ϊʲô
ЦȻǹŭ⣬ȴԽŨЯңͣȡ壬ιΪ岫һƬƴδֻһƲл깶صСȽֻΪбǿдһƲлҲɢޡڣǣȴΪһ裿ûйϵ
˵ѹõɱģٶȲ
ǣǸ
䣡
ݺڰ˫ͫȻ֣ǿֲoһϢȻ


964 𺳣
ȻݵһŭʣȴվеǿߣǴˡݵŭʣȴǽһϹأǵǰ
ңΪθβ²⣿ֻһֱǶΪĴĳЩԵɱͨŻ֮µŲҰ
㳡ϵʬǣβɻֻǴеǰɻȴΪеԵʣʱȴϸ˼
ϹʱݺᣬϹĳʷ׶ΣȫʧһΪֹҲûм֪ءΪǿߵǣβ棿أ֪١ǵĲΣ޷Ӵ
Ȼ˵ѵңڵĸǹ㳡ʬǣȻʧҲܲɷֵĹϵ
⣬⵽ô£
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ĻԭѾɱ΢һ£漴ĿУȻӯſֲɱ֪ԷԵɣ¹ҲӦġǡȴûа취ϸһЩʲô
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ѵǴ˵ģ
ȻʱͷһૣԵΣʱһȻ񣬶Ťͷ˹ȥ
ͷӣʲô˵֪Щʲô
콹ѯ˵Ŀ⣬ͶͷУһƬɡ
ͷ֮ϸֳأƬ֮󣬻˵̫ҳ˵ʵϣ꣬ҲŹйϹʧϹءΪ̫ЦΪǼǲģһֱҲ⡣ڿǻġ
˵ĬҲ¶˼ɫ
ʲôأѯ˳˶ݣҲǿؿڷɱޱվԭء
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ԶҪǿĿֲȺǲǵʱһƬصס
ǵʧһֱ嶼˺ءȻκιżУЩֲϹʧԭ
ͷ⻰˵ЩֲȺʵʧƬ֮ˡǣӡˣ
ôܣ
еĵһӦ޷š
Ϲʱж٣ǲһȺǧǧ򣬼ʤȺЩ壬ǿƥѹһʲôܹȫһٷӡ췽ҹ̷ܣ
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ңڵӦñһصصСǵĲңǵı׳Ӧñǣ
뵽֮ŴͷԵͳ˵Ϲ䣬ʮǿߣΪ¯ΪΪ飬ʮʱĳţΪȼӡ壬ҪΪսѵ岫һδңڣǵʱѡе֮һ
е㳡֮ϵʬǣǵʱԸң͡ؾɫʬǣǵˣԸ໥ɱµġ
ˮеһƲлꡭǵЯͣԸң⡣
˵񣬿˴Ȼ
˵ûйϵ͵ͬ裿ݽҧסأҧǰѾ޳ұԴٽһܵıԴǿߡΪδڽܵʹ֮ȻȻңͣȡ塣жңįһ˿ִֻһƲл뵽ˮС࣡
صƾ£˿ڡڼ֮ѯʵĵһ£״˵ݵıͷ΢Щۿ΢΢죬ҧҽܴʮأֻһɴСʱһƲлҲ␈صءǡ
˵ȴҲ˵ȥΪ֪˵ȥһɸոȥɱҪˡʱ̲סǰˣֱɱ
ݱ۾ҧվڴˮһࡣȻˣȴסˡ
ʮǿߡʮңڡ׼⡭δ
ؾʬǡ㳡֮ϵʬǡһ˿Ҳûеء
һСȻΪԭ
ӡ壿δ
һֲҶ׳˲վ˵ͷһ̣Ƿ·𿴵˵궼׳һĻңˣηȡ塭
Ǻεȴ壿
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ȻţգһƬ԰ס
۾һɾˣȴΪǵĵϾصϣ
ȻĲվĿ⿴ѾһƬȻĴˮȻȻ򵹣Զءȴٲ
ȻҲ԰ףдŨŨĻ⣬ͷһࡣӯӯݵ
һ̣Ƕ֪Լ˵ʲô˵Ҳ֪˵ʲôҲûˡ
ɾ˵һƲлѾΪǵǿдΪݶʲôԣڴʱ˿̶Եô԰׶Ц
ֻǳĬĹţҧԼأ糱ӿĵס
ˣǶԼ裿һ̣˵Ĵ֮£ֻãԼôСǣûʸˡ
NNN
Ųͷׯأһ̤ǰĽݡ𺳵еΣҲһ֮󣬻عһ֮Ҳһׯϵĸͷȥ
ʮżݣһһݣ˾ʮż֮ϣȻû˿Ĵˮǰ
Ʒ棬лǰ塣
ͷվˮǰһһ٣¶ׯϡȻ۹򵹣һڵء
죬Σлǰ塣
죬Σׯأ˵ڵء
Ŀе۾ǿߣۿȴʪˡ
Ҳ֪ǲǻþĴˮһ̣·΢һ¡󣬳׵Ȼ


965 뿪
еټİ񹬵Уڣֻ°ĹԣȴԽ·֮ǰݺᶫңڣΪһƲлɢ볾ѸĶʢ
ˮԣǿ߹Ĺڵأȴûٿڡ
سĺ嫱׳һ̵ĳĬУΪһֳĵ˼˶˸л
ĬãݲŴӴˮ֮ϣƿԼĿ⣬ͳ˵߰ɡ
ǵˣ뿪֮ء
ϵȻһ£Ż̧ͷվ󣬲ſһݡ
ݲҴ磬ǰҴĸסգҿǰϣһ·ӽ󣬲Ҫٳҵǰ򡭡΢΢ͷȻһɱǡ
ֵܡһԵˣҲվ쿴ݣ˵ʲôȴʲôҲ˵
磬Ҳ߰ɡһ˾һݵ
죬һۣ̾һȴδ˵ʲô
Ҳݽ⴫ʮأʮصУʱңѽʦ縸һС֮ǿɾػˣһƲлҲɢգУȻ޼ŭ
֮ʱ˹ֻȻնһ
ʱ治֪Լ˵ʲô˫жĬõѡ
ͷҲݣƬ֮΢΢˵ͷ߰ɡ
ǰˡգСֶڵǸݿͷֿĵͷ˵
ͷļΪмǴ׿ռ䣬ͷ谭ֻҲûĽա
ʵҲ뵽Щ飬һβǿѹԼɱ⡭ͷΪѡ
šʱ֪ͨҰɡͷ¶һ˿Цݣ˵ͷ
ٲ˵ʲôһֱӳŴеȥ
ҲһۣҲ̾һȥ
ݣдǸ⡣죬뵽ʲôգֻ̾һȻһۡȻ֮ϣҲһǸ⣬һۣҲûж˵ʲô񣬸ȥ
գۼ䣬еֻʣһˡ
ӦԸ˰ɣһ͵ȻĴˮþõĳĬš

ȥõǶȥڰɡ
֮أǿߣз˳ͣ˿С
ڵǿգȴΪ˵ĸо
ѾˣԳΪ֮ûĳһ̣Ѿ
ֲ̫ˡռ䷨򣬻һ˫ڰ˫ɫͫ
ӣֱֲޱߡԼĵֻҪȾӵһ˿Ϣֱӱѹ
ǾǴ˵ĳּ˿ֲĵͼ
oԵһ˿ϢҲѹš
ɳڴн赲ô뿪Ȼü˵
ߣȵ˵ͷ˵ɡ̾һͷˣмĵϸ磬һˣֻһ߷ҪˡлպĪҲӣ
Σȷ̫³çһЩͷȴҡҡͷҲûаʲôæһж֮ˣҶݣʶԸ˵ҶմҶĹ⡣Ҿӹ
ҲǸпͷֵܵȷ壬ΣǶմʵĹ⡣
쵹Ҳףʵݶβû̫ĸ顣һ֮ԷŹȻ󲿷ֶΪʵĸԵʡ
ֻҲǸпݹȻǷˡ۷壬ԲǿɱĲ¡ʮĹ⾰ȻǿߣҲ˵ɱɱʣʵ̫ˡ
ݵĻȥһ仰ֻ˵˵ѡպֻĻΪңڵλ𡭡ڳĬƬ֮ȴǿ˵óĿеĵλܸߡ
Ȼǻһ¶һ˿ɬЦݣ飬ȻӦҪеܣ֣ıɱҲǱӦ˵ţ̾Ϣɬ˵˵һһ֮¡ҲѴ̡
ĻǶʱ뵽ңڸԭһʱ䣬ͷǳ쳣
׵ض治֪Լ˻᲻Ҳңһѡ񡭡
ˣ뿪ɡƣҲúúһ¡ͷ˵˾㶼˵ͷƿȥ

ʲô뿪ɣΪʲôͳ֮زǻûҵΪʲôҪ뿪ˣ
ǰǰУڲнڵô뿪
԰
ͳ֮أһɳҪͳ֮صʱ򣬶ǻȻһǵɴ۾˵
ͳ֮ʥأǸڷ棬õ˳Ľڲͣ󡭡ֲͣǿĸоֱ񫡣ͻȻҪͳ֮أȻһ̫Ը
лɣԼȥȥڣȥ֮ʱǸڻϡΥߣԸ
ĳȴһƬ࣬౧Թʱüͷһƣȳ
һԹʱɢһաһƿԵǿ֮£һǳ³һٰ㲻Ը̧ͷֿһڵǿա
һϣ㶼üģ֮ǰڴɶȥ

֮أΪ೤֮ǰҲΪ롣ǻ۵֮ʮʱ䡣
һϸϵʱͿ֮ǿߡ
ǿߣʱ򣬲
ּҵĳЩɻŤͷĹˣȻƬ֮ͻȻ֣Լҵ棬Ȼ
λּҳ΢һյһԼһϵԣѯʣأ
ּҳݶʱ΢΢һ䣬ȵסڣ
һͺȣּҳϸãȻˡ
ôˣ
ּҳϣȴδشֻݣ԰׵Щ¡
ŤͷĹˣȴȻķ֡Լгϵɫǻ࣬԰ף򾪾塭֮㶼ʮֿ¡
һĻһԼЩŵĲ²⣬ͷɴ۾
ѵѵ
ųϣô
ѯԱߵǰĬࡣʮʱȥƣѾȫ
Ͼǵǿߣγ壬ͬһ㡣ټ˵ϣһЩ˵ĵҩǵƣûʲô
ʵ˵յģĵͼܵݺڰ˫ͫǿֲѹͼһ˿Ŀܡ
Ͻ뿪Ȼҵ飬Ȼ޸Լͼ򣬱ʮҲֻܷӳ


966 ػ
ԵĬ࣬üͷĶǰĽƹȥѾƳһЩδ֡ѯʣĬ棬Щѣ̫ӣȻƳһΣ޸˱áҪƿǶʱ顣
ô죿üͷʱ
Ȼʱ򣬺Ȼؼ䴫һˡ֮ţĬȫ޴ĽƣȻԼˣһƬš
⣿Ĭ࣬ʱɴ۾ĿɿڴĿǰһĻ
ԱߵļλǿߣҲһţ˵ԺУͬʱһӰ

һ鸴ӵŤͷһڵķ·ޱ޼ʵĵ֮ء
漴̾һɫ߰ɡ
ǣ೤ϵľ֮Уȣ߽ǵš
ȻϵǣЩϿ֮ȴɻķ֣ǲǳؾ֮УƵؾ֮ǰ
⣬ô£
ôؾ
೤ϣһѡ
ڴʱǰĹţȴͻȻ˸˸һӰƾճ˹ǰ
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ʲô
ôͻȻˣ
⣬ǿռ䴫ͣ
ͻȻֵӰȻһҲһãȻ֮ɫ漴˵
ȻۣȴûáԽԽĹâ˸һӰڹ֮ǰ
ֻƬ̵Ĺǰ棬ȻѾۼ԰ټƵˡ
Щ˶߰ǿߡؾеˣ
һ۷׷ףڴһ֮ǹţҪСһɺȻ֮档
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˶ˣ
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Ȼݣңڵĵͳˡ
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⻰һǿ߶ֹͣȻŤͷȥ
棡
棡
μ棡
λǿ֮һޱȡ
ͷ̾һ߰ɡ
Ȼ죬ˣ΢΢˵ͷƿնȥ
ĳǣҲϡ
һˣƵԶˡ
ҲˡǲӦýĵͳ֮𣿡
ѵؾͻȻʧλйϵ
ĿͺƵһȺ˷룬µǿߣȴ۲²˭Ҳ²Ȼ
ڹɳȺ˰ǧ꣬ɢǿߴƸؾӴʧҲûгֹ

ؾʧڹɳȺ˾ҵķ죬˶۷׷סȻһƬŵңڵͳ֮صĴеУݣڵھʮż֮ϡ
ǰһӨ͸Ѫɫ֮ǡ⣬ǲңһ󷨵֮ڡ
Ѫɫ֮ԭðһ棬ݵעӵУȻʧȡ֮ģһƬɵĹ󡭡
ΪңΨһĴߣ֮أġõУȻҲ֪ңе󷨡
ңڵĵͳ֮أû֮Сǽȴаǧǰ֮ٻġرŻȴҲعϹˡ
رǧƽͳ֮صˣݲŻּ䣬ǰѪɫ֮ǣԼʶ֮С
ңǰİϢˡ̾һ˵
˵仰֮һת뿪
˴е㳡֮ϡֿһһȺң͵ʬǣ󣬵תһ򣬷˳ȥ
ⷽ򣬲·Լݵķ

ңڵĵͳ֮أʵǷǳġе䳡֮⣬ݵ֮ʱڵĶ䱦󣬾סʳãִãҩ⣬ݷȵȵȵȡоĵطݶȥ
ݵõңУнƶָƣû˽ȴа֮Ĵܿǽͳ֮أһ顣
оĵطѾߡȻ֮еĵ֮أûʲôȻһĻҡסʳãִЩطͲ˵ˣȫһƬ
ҩĵҩݷݣ㱣áϾڣ棬ʱҲ޷ʴǡ
У˲ѾԼǵҩЩҩƵǿ߶ܹõĵҩġ
ݵõңڵĵͳУԺУҲвٵǿ߿Էõĵҩĵ
ЩǺöóȥһĶѡȻŹ
ңΨһĴˣЩȻҲġ
չҩҩ֮䱦ڣҵ˲ٵĵؽױЩһѾʧȥ飬ʶҲ޷жϳЩƷס
ݵڵ֮أѾõʮؽױԭǴóȥġϵֱöò꣬Ȼ
ǱҲȻҲȫС뿪֮һᣬշ飬Щصıٶȷ⡣
һѰķʱ䡣գ뿪˵ͳ֮أ˵֮صǿ֮£ϥ
񻹲ĵ򾳣ͼɣȴδͼ֮С
ֻеȫͼĵͼȫӳһɳѹţ˻ġ
ͼӵͼԡһͼ޷˼ꡭͼĿֲ¿Ҳѹͼˡ
һ棬ݵĹǹ͸ӿֲˡ
֮ǰݵѾͼ֮УôֹԪˣһ˲ҪɱɱаͼҲһʶһͼѹŵϢֱʶУѹԷĵֱɱ
ѹһеǿߡ
ԣеҪ꣬ͼ
Ҳֲ˶ãǲл꣬ԡҲˡ
Щء
ǰ֪ҲͰˡѾ֪пǵʮǿ֮һ磬ֻһҪĴڣ
ȻɾͼԷĲΣ̫ңԶ
ҪֲĴڣѹ֪
һ붨ȥ


967 ٺż
αڣ˻졣
ãһ޼ʣһɫã󺣵УСͬϡ
ǧ֮µĺżһֱǹɳȺΪֵĵط죬ǿ߶ҪںżУȡһЩԵ
֮ǰؾʧ֮󣬺żҲͽȻżƽѵһǿߵӰҲһƳĳںżУٳפ˵صߣ۲ѡ
˵ǹɳȺĴҪΪˡɳȺĺ켰ŮζλɹףΪǿˣ
ż⣬һЩš
٣Ϣ͹ʱˡҿǰ˵ˡţǰؾʧʱ򣬲˶λ棬׺滹бɳȺλ沢ϢҲԲֲʱ򣬾ѾλǴﵽ𼶡ֻϢŴĿд֤ʵˡ
ѹһżλδμӡԼȥͻƾˡ
Щǿߣͻһ磬ҪķʮĹӰǲ󡣡˸̾
Ƕԣսǿĸһ㡭ɶǶԣֱָҪأȫͬ
ǿߣҲʮԪʮꣿ٣ڶꡣʮֻ֮ˡ
ΪԽߣԪԽǿߣһǧԪʮȽֱ޷Ტۡ
ᵽ⣬ˣ̾Ϣ
ǸΣʵ̫ԶһЩ
ˣҷ֮ЩгּҺǳʲô¡ҿڲٵ֮ϣּҵڻԱ֮ĦҲԽԽ󡭡֪Ƿʲô¡
ҲôҲǰ׺ŵͬˣżּҵˡ
д£˾ȣҵΪŰôּң׺ź񶼲̫ԸôͻȻҾ׺ߵһȥˣ
֪٣ʲôϵˣǿɾкϷˡֻ
һȺ˵˵ЦЦʱתơ
Ƕûз֣˵ʱһۿ꣬ʵվǵߡ
ֻǣվ֮Уǲͬһռһ㣬޴ӷ֡
ⷬ΢漴⣬ȻŴ˹ȥ
ӣ׺ʾءһǰԺ֮Уð΢漴΢΢ҡҡͷȴû˵
ۿ꣬ݡ
ڵ֮أķµʱ䣬ڽԼȫԼͼУĳɾ˵֮
ɫʶУͼգ·˺̶չϹľ춦Լ֮⣬ûĶͼͼꡣ޷ֱ˴ˣΪһ塣
ڳɾ͵֮һ˲䣬ؼ併µķҲ廯壬ȻʣҲѾ˽Ȼͬı仯
ڵأȴ·ռ֮һ㣬Ʈޣ׽쳣ͬһ㡣
Ȼվ˷ΪʵԵʡʩչңоգܿˣ˿ȴֻһƬ޿հסǿߣҲܹ֡
⣬ңоĿֲ
ɣͼɣϵϢ޷ת磬ͷһ㷵豹档Ϊ˲עĿңо⺣ż
еĿģȻΪ˷л
һʱ䣬һεżʮꡣ˹ܹܼ֮֮ʮʱ䡣ֻңоȴǴ㿴ܷͨңоֱӽżԵĻܹʡٵʱ䡣
һЩȸС󻪹ͻ£ʵһֱСԵΪΣĿǰҲ֪ںˣڴ󻪹ڣҪĽķӡ⣬Ȼϻش󻪹
ղЩߵģ֪״㲻жϳֹԪֻ뿪˹ɳȺˡʮ֮żǷܿ˵
ֹԪһ߷䴢ݲδҵżԿסȻһ߷֮ϡ
뵽ֹԪݵл̲סһɱ
빥ģֹԪ˵ֹԪɱһƲлꡣԣֹԪҲŹġҪľǷڷл֮ϣû˼ȥ׷ɱңо޷żĻôֹԪͱҪˡ
ɱл꣬ӵݱҪõżԿסֹԪ
оԵİҵֹԪڣ˿ż
뵽һǴ
꿴⴫Ҳһ㣬ֻܿһšȻ˿ռ䷨ݣ˫ͫȴܹգܣ˿Ҳ޷ء
ֻһ֮󣬱̧һ磬ֱӽ֮С
ڳֵʱѾżΧ
ΧѤöʵ߲뵣һСССȻһΣľ£һǲͬ
һСС뵿ռ䣬ǰû˿ܿԡĿһɨ·û˿ϰκһ뵿ռĿ
ݿһ߲뵣һ磬ֱӽաƬ̣˳ϣǶһƷı
ͷһбֶ̧ͷǾ޴Ӱڡһ磬աٳ֣ͬ޴һżݣǰ
Ȼһټżݣݵĸоǲͬ
ֻһռ䷨򣬽סһɺƵѹŵĺϢⱦһż֮Уͼһ˿Ϣ֮£΢΢
ݵݣȻ
ͼǵ֮Դ˵ϵͼ֮һȻһɺϢ֮£ȻҲ΢΢
Ȼûб˼⣬Ҳ㹻ˡ
ҪжĲ࣬Żָо
ңϢ֮ǰֹġ仰˵һ˿Ϣֻеϵߣܷ֣
һϢҪﵽϣܷ֣
Ǻεȿֲ
ѵⱦҲʮǿΪƵʮ֮һ
в²⡣
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ⱦʮ֮һôĲл꣬ΪʲôֻⱦУ
гɻ
ɻֻƬ֮󣬱Ǳ׳Ժ
лܷ꣬ѹɻӦöܽ⿪ˡ
ţһĿ֮Уһ˿ء
Ȼ̧̤աҪңоֱӽż֮У


968 ץ
ż֮գ֮ơЩ֮޷˲ֿռ䷨ݶԣһ֮ȴƥӵһ㣬֮СۼܶʼѭϢ
̤գҪ̤һ֮ڣѭϢͨżڲ

ӦĶһ̤롣
ȻӴһ֮ʱڤڤ֮Уȴ·żȻһͽȻѣһɺƵĺϢȻɨһֵ֮Ĵֲ˲Ϣ֮䣬͸ݵš
ʲô
Ȼɫ䣬Ҳû룬ؼһͨȡ
Ÿո̤յ壬Ȼ˳գ˱ǰ
һ˿Ϣʱδֹһ㣬ɢӰ١
Ȼݣȴǳˡ
ڸղһ˲䣬ǿֲϢȻǽͼһ˲ѹȻ֮䣬Ҫĸо
ݵɴ۾ľ
ʣղĽӴǹ֮ĻôɺƴϢԻὫ˲˺顭һ˿һĿܶûСиоϹľܶ޷ٻָ
Ϲľȫҷɣٻָڸղһ˲䣬ȴоϹľ޷Ȼ
ÿֲ
ݵУûаֵĽ֮ġ޷롣
ݳճյĿⱦż֮󣬲ų³һ
ã޷ʵҲǲϵģҲʧϾǷлڵĵطпʮ֮һô׾ͿԽڲ»Ҫ˾ˡ
лֲ꣬ıżڲпܻסݵüͷУȴԽĳ
ٶȿһѾȥ¹ƽıżһתһ̤գʧ

˵ͷӣؾ׷ЩʲôؾʧǲǸйϵУǵûеõ׹ؾ棬Щʲô
ɳȺһĵ죬֮һ߷壬߷ƶˣͷ·ǷڵƺãһƬ
۷֮һéݣȴǹŹֵéݲ󣬿ȥͬĳũķӡǰһȦҲŵϸʣý嶥ĵطȦУԺӡҲԿʵȻûзǳϸģΪЩϸʵ򣬳̲һ
嶥֮ϣХֵǣ⿴éݣȴû˿Ķҡǿڴ֮Ϻ󣬾ͷ·صʧˡ
嶥Ժ֮ϣȴڷһӣӡĸˣϣյĿ·ƾ棬ƷԵ÷ǳС
ʼץޱȵĺģҪˡ
ǰͷȴҡ֮ϣ۾ģѯʣš
ʵ˰죬Ҳش̲סԱߵΣ졣
ϱŨŨЦ⣬ʿתͷװרĿ·ƺһ裬
硭ʺ޵ڻ
װɵ·ŷӦȫ֪ղŷʲôһãȻ
ʶʱݺݵĵһۣ֪СҲʲʲôģֿԱߵΣɫװ㡭
ž֮ϣ¶һ˿º͵ЦݣҡͷңңҲ㡣ȹʱ䣬Լ֪ˡ
ʵʱݺݵԼԴ
ںıͱһҪصĶȫԼĺˡ
ǰؾʧڹɳȺתƵʣȻܿҲܵϢһ˲䣬еĺȼܿϵͷͷȴڵĺߺʲôҲ˵
Ȼ߳ŭͷԽǲ˵ԽǺ档̲סܵͷס㵱Ū£ĺġ
˭֪ˣͷǲ˵ͷߵϵһݵȻΣǱտڲ̸ֻǲͣ˵ʱ֪ˡ
Ķ֪ȥʼ̲סҪƿڴ
˵Ĺأȫʵĺ˳һ˽һˣÿ춼׷ʣ˶ǲ̸СѾ˱Եˡ
ǣȫȻվ׼Ҫͷƿڴ
ȻڴʱͻȻһ۾һּȡһ
ܣһ
ͷûз֣૳ֵʱԱԭװɵĵǿߣע˲ȫ˹Уðһ˿⡣
СЩʲôطȥˣ۾һ֮ȴŭʱͳƿڴ
һ˿Ǿѡ˱չءչ֮ǰϵһΡǣһ֮ݾͷ·ʧһ㡭ʮ꣬˿Ϣǰ޹⡭ݵһ˿ӡúõ˸ţ˵û¶ĻΪĸǿܵİɵˡ
һϵˣȻŭ죬ƿڴ
֮⣬ݷڿС
ʵƿڴ΢΢һ漴ͷȴӿһ˿ů⣬δΪƿڴʲô֪ԷǹŻˡ
ԷⷬȴЩɻ󡭡ڵ֮ؿǼԷĸ׵ġѾ¹ȥˣѵͷûн¸߸ʣ
Щɻ󣬲ǻصǸ磬һЩסˡ֮ϸġʱôֵܺþҲûоһˡ
Уû⡣ϵطһڴӦʮ겻леԼˡ
ͬʱͷҲЩСڴһαչǵõ˲СĽѾǾڵĴǿߣټ棬϶Сһ
ٺ٣ܣҲЩš
š磬ϵĵ죬λôܵĻҲһɣ
УݵĻִܿ˹
Ȼ⻰ȴʶٸм⡭Щɻ̧ͷԱߵļˡ
һȴһˣһĿ񡭡ǶԼݵͨǸȤӣ
һɻ󣬲һ֮üڵҶݡҲʶɣҪҾ۾ۣȴһ£ȥȥ
ȥȥǶȥһվʵĻû˵꣬˵飬ȻȻм˷ܡ
˷ܣ
һ£ʸӵɻˣһŹֵĿ졭ı֣̫쳣ˡ


969 ŷ˵
ѵΪһξȹ˵Ҫݣô˷ܣЩŹֵš
ȻǸеЩ֣ʻǴݵãǶӦˡȻǶˣȥõĻֻҪһЩ䶯ɨ˵ĺܡһطɣ
ͷͲ˵ˣɳȺĴеϴ󣬼ɳȺûвʶġ½ڵķͷǼʢҪͬʱڱɷϡֻ¶ʱҪҺ䶯
ͷĹϵڹɳȺ֪˿ɲ࣬ʺָоɲԺ߳ȥͱΧۡ
ȥʲôطݵһ£ûпǵ̫ࡣһҲˣɲͨˡڹɳȺϵĵλǷǳġȥҪ䶯ȷҲ鷳ĺܡ
⡭ʳһ£ȻͷЩԥͷӣֱ
ͷ˵ĶԻҲܲ²ĳʵѯʣͷһЦԡ
仰һʶʱִ˴ǰͷǾԼʲôġ
ǡ
漴ҡҡͷݴҽóѭŸӦɡ
˵ţóݸǱߵݣʱ͸Ӧˡڵλã֮ңڱɳȺڲ
áϾ͵ӦһȻʾ͸оԼϵжˡȻݽյ˴ˡ
Ǵ˴ԷóҲܸӦԷľ߻֮ңϹҲʱˡ˵ϡ
ðɣʱȷ㳤ʺܿԼԼͣ漴ֺЦͷӣ磬صԪóһ㣿˼ҿţܲá
ȻʵĻδأʱеһ󲨶ͷһŤͷһ
һʹסˡ
յУһӰ˳
ޣݣ
㣬㣬㣡ʵɴ۾ָݣͰȴŵһ仰Ҳ˵
һ˵ı飬һ漴ȴͷ֣֮Ķ𣬱ϣ¶һ޹ãȻ֮ɫղŻ˵粻ͲʶС˰ɣ
ңңҡ
ɵˣͬȴҪĸӾ㤡
⣬ʲôղŻ֮ˣһ¾ʹ֮˳
⣬⡭
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ɴ۾ȴһĻ˵ˡ
һεıչЧܲϲڡ飬̲סЦͷѹ֣һ̣Ǻɨһˡ
ֵܡԼͷˣվҲǺЦĿһĻ֪ʣڴ֮ؼʶݿֲ֮ɾҪȻ̫ˡ
硣ݵĿԽʣЦų˵ͷȻſͷ΢Ǹ貮һСֶѣ˲¡
ͷݣЦҡͷ⻰ԺɲҪˣ˵ţͷּ䣬һΣһǳԱߡ
΢΢һЦ֮Ҳף˹ȥ
˴ʱܵޱȳʣһعȻ˹ȥ赽ô£ǣȻ棿ʲôʱ£㣬ôͻȻͳˣǴ֮ģңҡ
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ݸղһ֣ĳʵ̫󡣶һ⼸Ĵк֪鰡úıصµܲ
ʵıݵһۣȻЦ
ЦЦЦƨЦ죬˵߳ŭʹŭ֮£ֱˡ
ҲΪƣЦҪ棬ԼĶȥٺ٣ʲô֪˵ţһҡϣۺЦ
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ݴһ£漴ҲٱʣЦչȥˡ
Ķչأʶʱ׷ʡ
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Ȼǵãʱ˺ܴĺ䶯˵ǵսǵͳ֮صʱؾƲʽҲʧһ˵ͻȻȻݣ۾ɴʮǰƲʽʧĹ
εĵ˵ͷ
ʵս֮صʱ֪Ʋʽʧ顣һ˲̸ȻҲƲˡ
ô˵Ƚؾͳ֮صˣȫˡ֪ݵǳĸߡҲû뵽ȻѾߵ̶ֳˣ
֪Ƴһͨʱ򣬿ռƽʯϵ꣬ŽǽǿƿԼλȴ
Ͻ淢һһʮĸ˵򣬷Ҿ͸û꣡ҧгݣŭ˼¡
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ѹ֮ǰôѯǶ˵飬Ϊ˿Լһ˲Ц
˶ǴЦͷϣ¶һ˿΢Цó֮ĸ飬ȷǷǳ
ðɣҸɡεҲ¶Цݣһ档
£αǽǽͳ֮֮һУ
ӵ֮ص𺳣Ѱҵͳ֮صļѣٵϵͳ֮žԼģִﴫе
ʵı飬ҲεĽòݡ˵Ӵĵ֮ʱҲ¶˼־ݡϾҲǾڵǿߣȻҲ֪֮صѵеĺô˵Ѱҵͳ֮ؼѵʱҲϷѹüͷ·ҲЩյӡ˵ϵͳ֮žڵʱҲüɫ裬˿⡣˵봫֮֮󡭡
ϣ¶֮ɫ
Ϲ嵱ʧȻΪԵʣνңԵ֮ʱȻվɴ۾УҲʱң͵ı׳¼


970 
ׯأ̾һ¶֮̾ɫݺϹʱĳţû뵽ȴΪȴһ֮ǰĲ²⣬ȻΪ֮ŲҾ硣ңǱȽǵ˼ά硭ʵڷǳСĿ
仰еϣ¶˼ֲ֮ɫ
ȷȴȽ໥ɱ飬ʵ̫ǳˡ
˵ֹԪɱˡڵľǡ̾һ֮ʺȻݣЩŹ֡
ݵ˵ͷ򾳡
ʵɫʱͿ
Ц֮ǰΪԼﵽ˾ڣˣȻŵԼλܡȻŵȻԼ
̲סҧ
ݣһ޹
ʣѾȫˡǿˣҪϾ˵ģ϶Լ
ֹһ֮ϣ˵ңΨһĴˣ
һ£Ȼ˵ͷ
ؾʧҲŪģ
ִ˴Ȼ˵ͷ
ʵͷ̾ϢһҲǣңΪึô࣬ҲǺúðϢˡ˵Ȼһˣ˵ңڶֻʣһлˣѵǧǰؾͻȻ֣Ϊѡ˶Ū𣿡
仰һԱߵҲ¶˼ֺ֮ɫ
ǰǧǰؾͻȻгġ֮ǰȻû뵽⡣
һ£Ȼҡҡͷǵġؾ֮Գ֣ʵΪһˡңõȴаǵʱ֮һ輫ǿΪʱʩչһȡңĽ顣ǧǰ֮нؾġĿĲҴˣҪһ˶ط
ȴа
Ȼ£
ݵһθ˵֮ǰ飬϶¶˼־ɫ
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ݵ˵ͷ
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༸ˣ㶼˵ͷȻҲôΪġ
˸ߴ˸ǰ˽Ľȴаȷ̫Сˡ
ʵҲô˵˸־ڵʱǸʱǵȡľȻɾȴаЩԸԼˣȴҲǴȴҡҡͷôĽУҴûпԹȴаˡһЩΡ
뵽ͷ΢ЩȻ
ͷԣҲ̾һ뷨ͬˡ棬ȷûоԵĶԴ
ͷ˵ε¶˼˼Ψʵһۣ漴ȴƳƳ죬ȻΪȻҲ֪ҪǾе˵ˣɴ಻ټ˵ʲô
˵Ļң֮ǰѾһҲûˣЩ档
ѯʣһ£뵽˱Լӡס˵ϹŽϹŽеһƲлꡣֻĲл꣬Ѿûκεļ䣬ֻʣһЩıܡ֪л꣬㲻ǰңΨһŵ
⵹ûҪϸ˵ݵ˵ͷ
ȻΨһˣܹرؾҲܹɲٿνǵ֮ذɣʻȻһתЩڴѯݡ
һ飬֪ҪʲôˡεҡͷһЦ֮ҪʱԽ֮ȥ
Ƶʱʴɵûʲô˵ġԼֵܡԶ˵ʵҪܾ
̫ˣ۾ʱ˵ڵ֮УҪԼȥڤڤоһǣȥ෨򡭡ٺ١
⻰ͷʱӵ۵ƨбԼ飬֮ԼģҲ᲻ȥȰСÿģ
ʶʱۿͷͷ۾һ֡ͷЩŭˣʵήȥֹ˵˵ѡ
ߣͷһӣЩͷۡ
˵ɣȷҲҲٶ꣬е硣ͿƢҲ֪Ǹ˭ѧģɢĺܡƵͷСӾԲȥС͸Խ
һĻεҡͷЦЦݵеҲмĽָ֮飬ǡ
·뵽ʲô¶һ˿׷䡣գҡҡͷһͷ貮ʵһݹȻһ˼ͬʱҲһ飬Ҫ貮
Ŷͷ¶⣬Ȼͷ˵
ݳƬ֮һСֶڴ֮˵ϹʧΪʮǿߣȴʮԷӡϹ塭貮Ӧûǵðɣ
ͷһʱüͷ¶һ˿صͷȻǵáôˣ
ΪֹΪ𺳵Ĵ¼ôǣ£Ҫʲô
һ󻺻ʵСֶУһƷףСֶ޷ֱ棬СȴӡϹ塣
ʲô

仰һЩļˣͬʱֱӣͷ۾Բɣ¶˾֮顣
ܣ㣬˵ģʶɴ۾ѿھ
뵽˷Ӧݣδ̫Ծƽĵ˵ͷСܲҿЦ
ͷˣʱɵסˡ
Ϲ壿ӡһƷ׵Уѣѵ
ͬʱһ
֪ʲôʵϣҵĲ²һʮ֮һʵҴѸѪе飬Ѹҵġݼƽ˵
Ѫʶʱסˡ
ԼѪȻ֪⹦Ŀֲ֮ȻеĲ㣬ѾֳһЩһƣͿԼȬǿֲ֮
ϸ˵˵ҪʲôͷҲһɫƬ֮һĿһƬء
˵£ôпܣ¹Ϲ塭¹ϹĻǾ;֮ܵˡ
ҲһصĿݣȴĻ
֯һ֮󣬿ڵλӦöжšʵݣǹɳȺˡеˡ
һڣ͵һܣ˶ɴ۾漴ȴ΢΢˵ͷ
ȷҷ棬ʹݲδɳȺ֮˵Ĵš
ʵϣԾɳȺ֪Զһд󻪹Ĺ
£ݾͽԼõԼִͨɳȺ飬Ҫ˵˳


971 ż
ݵΧ˵Ҳãݽһж֮˵ݶʱˡ
Ϲ壬ȻֲĴڣ
ѾϹ壿
ڣֻʣ²ʮʱ䣬ûа취ҪƷ
˵ݶѿ¹Ϲع飬彫һԵĳκ壬ܶ
ô죿ֻʮ꣬ҵʲô𣿡ʼеѯʡ
һ貮ԭ򡣡˵⣬ͷ貮ںż֪٣
ż
˶û뵽ݻʵ⣬ֻͷܿͻع𾪵˼ǡżʲôǣ
΢΢˵ͷʵСһ֮ͨҪȡһΪǺżСĲлꡣ
ͷԶʱһ֮Ҳ¶һ˿˼顣һһȴھ֪ԶĹɳȺǱĲл꣬ȻָңԶض֣
ôܣ
ʵϣСֶյɳȺʱ򣬱֮ҪһաҪǽ˺żֻϹķӡѾʧϹ壬Ҫˡ˵
Աߵ΢΢һ£Ȼؽױ飿
Դתļ죬Ͼ뵽Ҫͨͷ۵ļؽױʱЩ鶼ѾʧʼΪ档ʱݲδ˵ԭ
һᣬϾ
ݵ˵ͷΪؽױ顭λҲҪ飬ͱõͬꡣںżõٵĵؽױеⱦȻͬ壬ΪżⱦĲл꣬ǿЩ궼ܵ˼Ӱ죬ϢԲܱա飬ſֵ֧ڡǡҲֻټʮˡ
ͷ˶ʱݡ
ǲлȻѾǿᵽڲ֪֮䣬Ⱦ飬ӵԼһ˿ϢǸǺεǿ󣿡𾪵
ԱߵΣҲüһ˿
ͷȫ˼һ֮󿪿ڵʵϣںż֪Ҳࡣ⺣żȻԼֹԪ˷ֵġҪʵĸһЩǽ˽
ͷ⻰ݵüͷʱ˵ԺټȻҪɱֵġ񡭡
ݳĬ
ͷ״Ĭһ֮󣬻֪Ϊ˵Եʣλ䣬жˣѳʵǽȫɱˣҲ޲¹Ϲ壬ǱﵱеϹж٣˭⵱УӵĿֲһӡɵĳǽǿֲޱߡĺƽ١룬ȻҲԸ⿴ĳұöԣϣϸ롭Ȼˣ˵˶ڴейģҲţл⡣
ͷĻݵͷ΢ΪŴƣϧιΪڴ˵أֻĻͷ˵һ㡣
ǰֵܡ֪ϸӵΪ˻ǺܲġҲһ˵
ֹԪгȻ˵
Ĭ֮һ󻺻ֹԪǱȻҪɱġգ֡Ȼ񡭡΢΢һ£̾һˡ
˵ţͷ貮ܹϵ𣿡
˶˵ɱģλǿ߶һʿڣԱߵ˵Ͼϵˣ
˵ţֻּȡһǴ˳ȥ
Ƭ֮߼ٷûüģĿһ¶ЦݵǶڹɳȺ˵һʱ֮ڣȻϵ
ԣ΢΢˵ͷվûٶ˵ʲô
ǼȻûͼ˵˵뷨ɡͷݵ
ݵ˵ͷĿصҵ뷨ܼ򵥡÷ǲлꡣ
ǲл˿ֲаգԱߵһɵ
ԣ϶ʱ¶һ˿ɬ֮ɫʵ˵ҲûС
㻹Աߵʶʱˡ
ʲô취ѵӡҡҡͷԣҲòԡܹ֮÷ǲл꣬Ȼٺò޷ǺżУ٣ҲϹ׵Ʒˡ
ϾǷл꣬⣬ǵʮǿ֮һǿߡʵ²ΪżУȷҲԱ֤Ϲ岻Ʒ⡣
⻰Ҳһ
ֻҪϹ岻Ʒ⣬Ǿͺˡ
⵹һð취ֻǱʮ֮һޱߡܹӳ϶ޱȿֲһҪȡһ£ǽ֮żУɾͿϧˡ˵
Աߵ˶ǵ˵ͷ
ʮ֪οֲĶ
⼸˿ɶûʲô̰һǲˡһ棬ҲʵΪԣ̫㤣ǿɲһʱը
˶һΪΣҲƷˡݴʱȴżֿɬ
ˣͼˡ¾ڡżֵԵɣʲô
żΧżСÿһӵзлϢҪõ˷ǰ
仰˵һն
ǣǲлĿʲôֻҪһطǻ˵ǣһģֻǷأ
ݵԺУһˡ
ȴа
⺣żһĻֺؾ
ͷɬͷУδ˵
ֻͷüͷ΢΢ţ·˼ʲôݡգҲδ˵ʲô
һûһݣǶ壬ȻǺѯݣϹ徿ǳʲôģ
ݴһ֮ɻѵǲ֪żеػ壬ʵϹô
ʲô仰ȴ˶ⲻѡ
ЩϹ壿ۡػ壬ǿɲİ֮ȴֵü˵Ϲͬһ㣬Ҳӵǣ಻ôЩػ塭ƺ̫ǿɣ
ҡҡͷżеϹ壬Ƕӡˣֻʣ±ܡҡֻʮ㣬֮ϵĲʲôģ͵Щ³ֵػ壬ѪʵôŨġǿ
Ѫ˶ǺϹ壬ȷּءǣǲβߣӴЩصص䣬ȻЩ
ݵ±ǽϹǿ֣ϸϸĽ˳˶Ϊ졣
Ѫ֮ޣȺԭȵȣĸ档
ѯ֮Уһʱʱ䣬ȻšţȻͷݵͬʱһһȥʱңԶʣӰƿն


972 
ģȻˡ
ȣƿնƮȻɡգۼ䣬ִɽ֮ϡ
ϸ磬ӣڵˡ
Ҳˣվ
Ǻǣϸ룬ҵˣ
Ȼ֮ЦŻһԱߵݣЩӣ֮󣬻ǹкһ޵ѡ
ղʵһټ뵽ľ棬Ѿ¶ԼȻɱ⡣ˣл̲ס˽⡭
䵭Ƭ֮̾һ漴˵ͷĮҲ顣
ݵͷȻɫǺܺÿͷǶһ
ɡ
ͷûж˵ʲô˵ͷ֮һ֣âӺϡ
Ȼһ֮󣬵һлȥ
㶼Ѽ֮ſͷϵܸղ˵ǣɲġϸ磬ʲôֱ˵ɣٿˡ
ͷȴһЦǵĿɲңݡЩҪһǡ
Ŷݣ޵ʲô£֪޲ԡ
񵽵ײһˣȻ֪жЩңȴȻƽϿ֪ˣֻ¸֪ǰͱЦԶԵɱ
룬ƽĿڵйغż顣
Ȼݶһ
ż¶ɫ
ݵ˵ͷλżԿ׵ĳߣż˽ԣʶλйغżһЩ顣
ݵⷬȴȻʱ΢䣬üͷ
ݵĹϵڻʮֽŵģյ˵ȻҪ취ֲһġϾݵΪֲҪַˣǾֲúá
ǣ⺣żȴͬһ㡣ȻӵдܣпܳԽңڵĴܡ
ΪֹҲŵʮĲ㣬֮ǸʲôǶʮĲ㣬Ѿֹ˲ֹһĵؽƷԽϣԽߣпܳϵı
Ҫ֪ϵıɲô򵥵Ķǵ֮ϵǿߣƶɵġʣѰܾˡǵǿߣõףֻǵؽ׾ƷԴȵս
˵ӵеһؽƷҪѹ;ô׵ˡڷҪѹ
żܾˡǶ˾ȾָĶÿʮ꣬ͽһΣΪѰҵһؽ׾Ʒױһ˵еĵλȻпܵõ׹
ԣݣż˶
˵ĳɣݵüͷȴǽԸ˵
Ȼһ䡣
쿴ԣϸ磬ӣ˷ģֵѯʺż֮£캣żڵıȲѵĿԡ
Ȼʱ죬֮Щɻ
ȴĿ⿴ݡ
üͷ壬ĬƬ֮ȴ΢΢˵ͷ
ʱϲȻġ
£Ҫģ˼ؽڣ˵˳
ȻԽԽ̲סվд£
ĵ˵ͷˡ¹ϹƷ⡭Իϸϡ
ʱû˿ԥɫ¹Ĵ£Դ֪ԭʲôԥģ˵ţĿݵС֮ĶȾ֮޵ЦˡֵʣֻҪ֪ģȻ֪޲ԣ
ԱߵȻȻû˵ϵıҲԿͬҲ뷨
żȻĶǣ¹Ϲķӡˣվ˽ˣ֧֡
ݼ˵ı֣һ˿쵹Ҳɢ˲٣ͷȻˣĳˡʶλ֪żʲôʱڹɳȺǺ׵ģ
֮΢΢ҡҡͷʵ£Ҳ
£㽫żĹ̸˵˳
ԭ˵ҲϡɡȻԼֹԪ˻ǵǿߣ㶼ǾڵǺѣڹɳȺܱ֮ʱ䷢һ˸߲ϼĵط߲ϼһʧȴ˿˸С
Ϊʲô챦˹ȥǷһĵĵ֮һƬͺͺģֻһϵĿռ䴫󡣶߲ϼ⣬ǴǴϴġʡ
һƽ֮󣬾ȥһơͨһռ䶴
󣬲ʮݺˡ֮УʲôҲûУֻ׶һ߲ˮˮ߲ҫƯһ֪Ƿһһ
ǵʱ֪߲ˮʲôãڶоİ죬ȴҲŪȻʧĵڶѰңûбʲôô
Ƕô˸׶죬ҲûзκζʧǱ뿪˶
ɾ뿪߲֮ˮ·ǸӦʲôȻʣһѶϢͬʱ˵Уڤڤ֮һǣ
˴һһ֮ѭǣһ·ѰҡǾǺףҵǱһż
һǧˡԣżǺ׳˯˶꣬Ҳ֪顣˵΢΢ҡҡͷ˵
ͷ죬Լʶû뵽ԭżḶ́Ȼġ
ȻݵüͷȴǽǴð߲ϼ⣿ǺܲϳġӣУһЩԵɵġ
ֻһʱҲ벻Ϊʲôҡҡͷ֮󣬱ǽʵô˵żֻʮʱ䡣ʮ֮󣬾ͻ䡭֪ʲô䣿
⣬ɫҲǻǵһνż顣
˵
ԭǵһνżʲôҲƾǣżΧȻֽż
ڽżһ˲䣬߲ˮоѶϢڤڤ֮иżаٲ㡣
˾ɲУ˵һ㡣ͨˮǣֽڶ㡭
ڵڶ㣬౦֮ױȵ˷ܡ
˶ǾڵǿߣΪˮǣܺܿҵͨһεĴ󡣲ȥΣԽԽǿҲԽԽá
˷ܵ£õı˷ܣڵִʮ㣬õһؽױ֮󣬴ﵽ۷塣
˷ܵеǣﻹǵסʱ䣿޲һֱżС
ʱȻţʮܿ˹ȥǺ֪飬ǡʮʱһ֮һ죬ԭ²ѯ߲ʹ򣬿ͻȻ֮䣬һ䣬ȻϮ


973 ŭħ
䣬һɺϢȻ٣һ˲䣬ǵķԪȻաڿеǣʱֱӵȥ
һ¿ǰŻˣ쳣
䣬֮ϵİ׹⣬Ȼǣ·Ҫء
Ҫ˶㷴Ӧ죬һ˲䣬뵽֮ʱڤڤ֮дѶϢ䲻ݷ֮ٻ߲ˮһͳԼռĻֻº롣
뿪֮ǾͷżرˡδżΧҲ˰죬Ȼųżʹ߲ˮš߲ˮҲʧȥáԵú޹⡣֮£ֻѡ뿪
ʱһĻҲЩ¡
뿪żǽ֣ȡ˴ʯԼΪ
ǵֻ嵽˵ʮ㣬滹ʮ߲㲻ִݲԽߣΣԽ󣬵ҲԽõʵƶϣıأǼ˾˵ġ
ǲģԼÿһʱ䣬ȥһ¡ǲŷʮ֮żٶȿͬʱÿʮ꣬ͻӭһĹɡ
ȻǷԪաڵµ˵ȷǷǳľ䡣ͷп
Ǿ¡ȻȴҡҡͷЩصĵʵϣ˵ִ֮ҲԹɽ𺳡ȵ˵֮ǲŷǱżĿֲֻ濴ţǱżɢĺϢȻǵͼ֡ż֮УҲԹʮ֮뿪ܱҡ
¶ɬ֮ɫϻЩ£һ˲ֵϢҵͼȫѹ飬㶼Ҫת磡Ҫͷ߲ͨˮ뿪Ļ˵ţɫЩ԰׵ҡҡͷһεƣɱǰݸɵƣҪĿֲ
ôֲ⻰ɫҲٱ䡣
ݵҲЩ̫ÿ֪ԱȻм١ңȥ˺żȷǸܵǹ֮ǰܹĺϢҪͨռ䷨ֱӽеʱͼȷҲͱǹɹϢѹı
ҪУͱҪȵʮ֮ˡа
ʮ֮һοżӡڷܼʮ꣬Ҳûʲô⡣ʱУֻҪҵһЩؽױ飬Ϳݽȼü֮ˡ
ʵżҪõͽױǺɵġ
ֹԪ뿪˹ɳȺ֪ȥĶôݺȻѯʡ
Ȼ㶼һˣǶֹԪɱǲˡֹԪ̫꣬ǻŻǹݣġ
ȻֹԪϵ㲻һΰ˵֮˵ĹϵҲһЩ϶ĬƬ֮ȴҲ֪ԼûֹԪġ
ݷ¶ɱģѾǼޡ̸ֹԪĻֻҪˡ
֮񿪿ڵֹԪǰǾ߷֮󣬾Ѿ뿪˹ɳȺĻӦȥ˲
ݿ
ţ˵ͷɳȺаǧһ֮ɳȺҪ嫵ĶȺͲȽɳȺֻһ֮ءʮ֮һŭħڲܱߣʶ㼯˴ǿߡ˵ķˣڲϡ
ʮŭħĻȴʱһ¡
ʮվŹġѪԨ󻪹߾콧֮Ⱥȣʮ֮һ
ʮ֮һŭħȻھɳȺǧ֮Ĳϣ
ŭħ˵ͷŭħڿռ϶УվǵǿߣǲУ䡣һһֱ֮ΪħĿֲֲޱȣͨģܻɱ߰ǿߡһЩǿģǿҲܻɱȥһΣôãһͷħʵͱɱˡҪֻ׶ɱ¾ıܣû̵ĻֻҶҪ桭Цҡҡͷ
Ŷ⻰Ҳһ¡ǵǿߣеؽƷķͱȻһҲ򲻹ô
ħŭħУǿģбֲ֮Ĵڡ֮ǳΣա˵ͷ
ΪʲôôǿҪȥŭħкöɻѯʡ
кöŭ֮Ѫ֮һͨħ֮Ѫԡ̷֮󣬾ͿǿȡȻǵߵĵ壬û̫ˡǣħϵħħ֮Ѫɾġ̺ͼͬʱǿȡ֮ҪΪ̫ѡϹŵͳﵽ򾳵Ҳ࣬඼ʧˡ󡭡ӵħ֮Ѫһܵ׷ɣ˵Ҳ¶˼֮ɫ
֮ҪΪȷ̫ѡɾ͵ѾһǧءΪһǧ֮ǰû̫
ãȴĿзɫ
ħ֮ѪѵϹ嵱е֮ѪЩ㤵š
ݵõңڵдУȻҲйϹġУйġ
ݵ伮ƣ壬Ϲ嵱۷Ⱥ޳ɴ֮ǿ߿⡣ҪǿһЩѪҺǱ֮Ϊ
õһ˿㹻
˵Ϲ壬ѪҺѪҺŨ̶ܳȣǵǿ̶ȡΪΣΪѪҺ˷ҪֱӾͿʩչܡͺԷһ㣬Ҫκ̵Ǳܣ
ʹЩѪҺ͵Ҳǵ֡ܡȻ
һȻȻľ뵽Ϲȥˡ
۷ڣϹʱֻҪӵһ˿Ѫʶԣħֻбܣûʶô£Щš
ŭħȷеĶϾħѪҺһĻôԵ򾳼ǿ߶ԣǺô̫ˡ
̥̥֮޵ģ壡
ݵѪֻǵڰ˲㣬ԶûдﵽھŲ㡣ھŲѪҲֻǿǿһ°ˣʤ˵
Ҳ˵ѪھŲ㣬Ҳܴﵽ̥ǿߵĳ̶ȡ
ĿǰҲû˵֮Ƿиǿ巨ԼøǿҲЩաħ֮Ѫĳ֣ҲеĶ
漴ҡҡͷ
ħ֮ѪȻĶ£ȴȲҪ顣
һΪеķӡһ⣬޷ġ
򾳶ֻǳ룬Ҫе֮󣬲ȥ̥顣


974 
ҪĵҲһ׵顣
ͼзԼռ䷨ɵġַȴûдﵽ¡ҪԼͼܣͱѰҸԵС
ͷз棬ϹõѡѾϹľϹŽԼϹŻ֡չǿǳֵĵ֡Եıȴû䡣
ҪģǿռԵ
ռԵͺ쳣Ҫҵɲһܹġ
ãңڵĴеУн̵ѰЩķݵҲżһУܹƽĵõлĻϡЩʵЩշĺܡ
ͼͼľһƽ⡣ڻܽͷϵԴԼϡʧ⣬Ȼʧ⡣ô룬ͼ˵һϢԣһֱûжںϹľϹŽȶ
ֻеۣ֮ռԵҲˡһ
ͼ֪Ƿǰ޹ˡپңڵĵ伮УعͼȻޱ߿ֲһƽ⣬ͱȻҪ֮ߵĲΣصġһ㣬Ҳûа취¡
ղᵽˡʲô뵽ʱŭħ飬ѯʵղ֯
ˣʵеǿ߾ۼһֻ֯Ҫ֮ڵĵǿߣ˵ĳԱңȻϸ磬ֹԪǶˡˡĳԱ˵
ݶʱһ˵ж󣿡
ƺǽޱ޼ʵңԶﶼֹɣ
ɳȺŶĵط֮ǰǿߡƺжٵǿߣ
ݼ
ȻǿޱȣͲˣгٵĳԱ˵еȴ㿿ǰˣз˳һǧһɡ˵ͷ˵
⻰ݶʱһ
ǧԱȽϿһһǧˣ
㶼ղ㣬Ҳ㳬ʮĵǿߣ
ȫˣɴ۾š
ɾ͵֮ǰĵǿߣֻĸ
𾪰ɣ񿴵ݵı飬ҲǸпѣʮĵǿߡȷһǳ𺳵֡ɢˣ֣ʵҲ㲻ʲô
򣬳﷽Բôĵطʮĵǿߣȷ̫ࡣ
ȻʲôͳơһͳˣǵõĽ𺳡
Ӵ󡭡ָʲôΪĴڣȴȻ뵽⡣
ȴû֪󣬱ȻޱȿֲĴڡȴ˵
ݵ˵ͷ˵ҪɱֹԪҪ˶ϣ
üͷ΢塣
ɾͼѾĵǿߡɲΪԼѹһС˱ȻзΪȻҲҪǿԱġҪ֯ˣǻһ鷳¡
Ǿԡ֮ȴҡҡͷŻ֪˵֯ʽʵһ̫Ͻ֯ţܡֻҪеĵǿߣɵļ֯˵ϵܣˣ½ĵǿߡֻҪȥ˱עһ£ͿԼˡ
˵ĳԣʵΪ˶Ըеޡ̫ˡռݵĽʵʵڲࡣģ塣嵱Уǿڶࡣ˵ǹɳȺܱʮﺣ֮ڣгʮͷۡ
ʮͷۣԶʱһ
ɻΪʲôһͷҲְɣǿݵɻ
̹Ȼĵ˵ͷȷɻ
ܼ򵥣Ϊ˸Ǵкˡȴϸֳһ˿ЦǸסصһΧĻ˾ͻᴥǡ۱Ͼ֯ȴٵ򾳡һ壬ǲҺΪɳȺϵ˼֮󣬶ĺ桯ǰ׽еô
˵ȴε̾һҲֻܱӻһ㵯֮ذˡĵطͲˡǸΧЩۣɾͿɱ˳ˡڣǿߣҲɱ
⣬ˣĳԡ
˹˵ǵǿΪӻԼطΧ֯Ͻȴ
ҲһεԱֶΡ
˵ɱͲʲô谭ˣݿ
ҲȫȻû谭Ͼ˵ϳԱҲвٵĺѡȻһΪɢ֯Ͼһ֯Ȼзһ˵ǲԱ໥ɱġǡ˵ҲЩԼҲּ֪Ƕ깥طġһּεõ⹦ģĳ֪µ֮һּҵƮǲ˵еһǿߴڸֹԪġ
ʲôǿߣݵüͷʱ
ʲôΡҶԵ֮ľ粢̫Ҳ֪϶ǳ򾳵ġЩصŭħնɱһͷħħǱħҪǿĴڡħȴ൱ڵ򾳵еǿߡս΢һ㡣
ħսҲݽսȽϣȻܵóһ
üͷȴ΢΢һ壬漴ȴҲȻ
ǰɱδ͡Ȼͣսֹ
ҲûкЩƬ֮󣬴ƶϣǿߣӦ̥ǿߡҪȻӵͼĵǿߡ
Ƭ֮ԭˣ֪ˡл
̸Ƭ̣ɱѾȫ¡̸УݵҲܸܵΪˣʵ㲻һԵ֮Ȼ֪޲ԣ޲
пӵʮ֮һҲֻ¶֮ɫûʲô̰̰֪֮Ҳݶһ˿øеԭ
޵ˣ޵ܲƽĳ³ç¡ĳѾΪмȴֵ
ȥ£ˡҡҡͷ
Ҳ˵ͷٶ˵ʲô
ҶֹԪĽ̫ǧǰʼڴžжԶ룿ȻѾȷҪʮ֮ܽ뺣żȻǴȥֹԪˡ
һؽƷñٶȼ죬ʮµʱ䣬ǰǧҡӦûûеһ֮˵
ݵ۾ʱһ
Ǿͺ˵ˡ


975 ׷
Ҫȥɱ
ͷ˶ǿһȻ롣
Ҳ̹Ȼĵ˵ͷ˵ֱСӵкżԿ£עҲŹ
Ѿǧ֮ĵطܹ׷ЩȻĵ֪㶮ÿռ䷨򣬿Ժաⲻ޵İɣûģ
ȻġȴЦЦ
գȻĵġһϢÿһζٵԪٴΣҪﵽޡȻͱҪϢһ£ָˡ
Ԫ顣ڵݡȱ飿
ȫٴκ磬ȻͨٻָԼȻ׷
˵ԷеǧֻʣһǧˣҲа֮ǰ׷
ŵЦݣ˵鶼мֱ仯Ҳûٶ˵ʲô
˵꣬Ҳ˶ȻɱģҲ˿ʼ̸
թͷԪͷٰ㲻ᣬջóһСƿÿ˶õһС
ҲΪķһڣȻʱԪζѵõǣԸоһСȥĵͼһݡ𣬾Ȼ湦Ч
֪Ԫ𣬾žŭħħѪƶɵġǳİһ൱ǧ顭ݳޣ
ԵǿߣЧ
һжһӾͷǧǧ顭ѹͷ᲻á
ʵõ൱ʮ֮һ֮˶·ȼ侢жˡ
⣬ݶŭħȴԽĺ
ǲ²һأ
˵˵ЦЦ֪֮䣬ʱ˹ȥԪ˺󾢵Ĵ̼֮£Ҳ׽⿪Ȼ˵ĽᡣȻûдﵽֵܵĳ̶ȣҲǻɸΪˡ
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ǹݽ⣬ֻӶѡĴĵ׵ıң͵¼жΪǵΪȻҲΪ˴Сҵˡ׵ضǾͲ뽪ңͬľ
뿪ݵȴڼģĲκ£죬ԼͷĹϵҲԽǢ
ֵһǣͷһʧءʮԪ𣬵Ƕʮ顣ʧʮؽƷ
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ֱڶ̫֮󣬽ɫ⽫·ƺӳճһƬ貣Ư¡˵ľۻᣬǸһ䡣
ݣҲ㿪ʼ׷ֹԪˡ
ڶѭŶһ·ȥǧ֮󣬾ִܵˡͷָ˷
Ĵ·ǺգٶԶԶҲָֻܸһˡ
ݵ˵ͷλݾиˡʱپۡ
á
һ·Сġ
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ݵ˵ͷȻʵ磬һ¡
ֻ˶ǮԪ𣬵ڶɫһƬ糺졭Ե򾳶мôԪ𣬶ԣȷ̫һЩ
ô
Щɻ󣬲Ǹݷ˳ȥ
ûƲ㣬ʧ˵СȻɻҪʲôҲûʶ̽
֮ͣ󣬺Ȼжݸʡ
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һǸġһ㽻貮ǰɡȴûнʲôֱ˵
ͷԻЩԺɻĿݡ
ˣ˵ˡ磬СҿѾǵˣúúüͰһȥ֮ءһЦ˵֮תУһ粽ǽգʧ
Ū˸ĪһͷˮüƬ֮תɻɽ
ֵأ˷ֻһ˻ɻ
ˡҰǡ˵ţȻһݸͷ
ͷĿʱһâ΢΢һ¡
·ϵʲôӹǴʱ򣬾ȻЩš
Ȼʶ̽봢
ӡѾȡڵĽСֻһСͷһƱС
ƣԽʶС
漴Ȼһ۾ȻǺŵááݣҴæ
ôͷӣЩɻ󡣶ε¶һ˿ɫ·Ҳ²⵽ʲô
ͷ죬Ц׹
ʲô죬۾Ҳɴ
׹ǵ֮ǿߣıǮ

ڴʱһԵʣͻȻһ
еͷˣ㶼ôˣ
ɫͣץһ૵顭
飿˶΢΢һȻףԼݸġģٰ
ʱ٣ʮôЩڴ
ʴ͵ĿȻ૵һڡ
ţ¶ɻ֮ɫ
һڣʺ˳
Ȼһ£죬ͷȻɴ۾š
һڣ

֮⣬ݵ񣬷Ũɱȴһ˿ɭȻЦ
˵ӲӲġ
һ£գʧ

ǧ֮⣬һƷһıƺ֮УͣĴšȻⱦһͷȻȴڷ׷š
һͷӴݡͨںڣ˫չǧɡ֮ϣһëȴͬͭۼһ㣬˵ĺ⣬ǿ֪᲻ɴݡ
һᣬľ롣޴ͬһƬƣգ죡
׷Ƿһ˫ӥ۵УȴһƬ׺ݱŭɱ¾Ѫ֮ɫ
֮вݣѾϢ㣬ɢɿٶһģ㶼񱩵쫷磬˺Ƭ
Ѫ죬޷ֵ
֮УһˡĿ⣬·͸ܵĿռ䣬ݡϣȴû˿ľſ־֮ɫһƬĮȻ
Ȼͷǰһö׶೤ľ޵޵֮ϣתһ˵ĵϣ¶
ѣۼŮڲϣҲʮļ۸ǲǾ޵һ֮һ


976 
ҵķȣ⵰ʲôһԼķϣʱ¶ֲ顣ҧгݣԺУȴֳһļµͨģ
ֲ̫ˡ򲻳ѹҡҵطҲûáҲòɳȺ
ҼˡõңȫУΪû𣿺ߣϹŵĴУ򵥰ɣҵòҲң
ɱ
󣬱۾
󷨱Ʋ㣬Хǰٶȿ쵽¡
Ȼ׷šֻٶȣ֮󷨱Ҫһߡ
׷ᡣˣȴȻ÷󷨱˾롣
Ųŭ֣֮֮ܵ˺ѳƬѪꡣ
ȻϷ

ãһƬ֮£˻죬
Զס֮صĻһͷͷȻʱӺ̽Դʱƶ̽һ۰צ磬һֻĹ޺еϢ
ʵ⣬طģ
磬˵£˵ʵ޵¡
޵ʮǿᣬУͼǿȻ󲿷ֶûǣɱ¾ܣҲ۰¡
ֻ֮䣬У࣬Žᡣ֮У޻Ǵơ
ͺˡථýϳˣȻڶޡԶޣȴһ𣬿ࡣ
Ͼǵޣչֻ
̤նΧһĻĻȴǷκˡȻޱȵҡ
һͷͷӴޣҲǳĴڡǿģﵽ˾켶𡭡ͶǸպô͵סĹɳȺĺ֮еĻôֻǲ룡
겻ڵΪôһͷޣԽ˺Ƭ
ѹڴ󻪹˵޿ֲǿߣ಻뺣СʱΪǿʡڿ⵱ʵ
и̾
ν֪ηֻʲôˣʲô¡֪ĶԽ࣬Խ֪صĿɲ֮νɵ󵨡žôһ˼
š

ڴʱһȷȻ˹ЯſֲĿܡĿһתֻһͷɵݣ䷢˸մֱ߳Ӿͳ˹
ݣĿз⣬пֲʶɺ˫Ŀзɨһһ˴С๣ֱӳݵԴҧҪһ̵
ǰСһֻ
ƷޣĿһͲ޵Ŀֲ
ƷޣĿֲڣڴ󻪹ѹһȴֻеһͷͨݰˡ

ٶȿ쵽£գۼ䣬ѾݵĽǰһҧ
ʱŶˡ
ֻĿкڰɫȻһţһͬһĹ⻪ð
䣡
һ˿ֲѹէһ˲ֻͽȻĴһ壬ֱӾͳ߿֮еȥ
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޴壬Ȼ˺С˫ʧȥ㣬Ѿ
깥ǿ߶ҪֱɱοһͷƷޣ
޴޵亣Уһ̣ʱоðһ޴Ӱֻһ죬˷һ޴ԴӺð˳ſѪڣһڽݵʬҧסקˮС
ֻ¶һԴȴѾ൱ǰݴСԤ壬ԳǧɴС
ݵͷһۣ漴ȴһҡҡͷ
ޱ޼ʡ⵱ҲһһӴ
δͣ٣һ̨ٶȿ֮С
壡
𣡡
һƼˣصڻߺ֮ϡź¡¡ĺճһĻ

һ·򶫣ңоĿֲһ̣ȫֳĲңоѾݺռ䣬һϢٶ÷۵糸ݣҲǺš
һϢʲô
ȻǧһĵǿߣǷУҪķ£ִܵǧʱ䣬Ҳ͵ˡ
Ȼ˵ʵϣתңоҲǷǳġȫʢ֧ŰٴΣѾǼޡԪҪһա
ݲ¡ΪУ顣
һ׷ÿÿʮݾҪͣ£ָһԼ
⵹Ҳһ鷳飬ָʱһʱķƣޣѭζ
Щ޾󲿷ҲֻˡݵǰƷµһһɱЩޣݿûаֵֻҪ͸ɱ
һ·ʬǡ
ЩƷ޵Ѫ⣬ھµǿߣǷǳصġǶݶԣȴûʲôáȻýЩ
ۼ䣬µʱ䣬Ѿ˹ȥ
ٶȼ죬һ㣬ӦѾǰǧˡ
һգУָԼ
һ֮ʱֳһɣŨɢ
һ飬ݵڣѸɺԵĽڣٶȳӯԪ
һϣʮǧ顣൱嵽ʮؽƷģν˵ĺܡ
µ׷ǰǰЪϢ˽ʮΣټؽƷģʵˡ
˵ȴǾţһë㲻ʲôȻҲûʲô۵ġ
ָһ֮ݺȻЩ֡
ˣƽôָѾΧˡһΣĲֵĿܡ

ڴʱȻһƷ֮ԿֲٶȣȻϯһΣʱݵͷ
ţ
ݶʱĿһŤͷȥ
ߣһͷֲݣдױȵŭ⣬ݣХ
ݵٶȿ쵽˼£Ÿտһ룬Ѿݵǰ
ۼ
ݶʱһ漴һա

ռ䶼һץƣֲХ
չǧɣͬһƬƣ֮ϣһëȴͬͭۼף˵ĺ⣬᲻ɴݡ
һУӴΣȴڿһתתͷ壡һֻжʱһֲ׹⣬ֱӳŸմ߳ݱڶȥ
ݷ򣿹ȻۼޡĿһ
󶼻ңԭƵգ̼͡ǽ󣬲ǽ÷ǰ򵥡
Ŀ˫֣ͫϢʱһѹŵƣͽȻ
䣡
ٶȿ쵽£ݵٶȴ죬һΣա֮˲͸ض
Ȼһ¶һ˿ɫ


977 
ˣٿصǷ֮֮ҪǿĶࡣȻգܹӣ֮ĶԵУңоҲȫȻ޵Сܹ֮͸գ˵ҵġ
ૡ
£ݶգܹͬΪ򾳼ǿߣǲٿطĴڡȻݵĿռ䷨ǳҲ޷һй
˽սȻĹû˵ѾͨԶ˳ȥȴǾ͵ؽնܡһ͵ضܣǱ˼ˡ
ҲֻСˡݵѪҪӿϹľգۼѾָˡ
壡
һδݣݶʱһٶ˹ϣһ
ֲޱߡ

ٶĳ˹ӹһ˿ɱĿ˫ͫʱһ깥ʱ籬
壡
깥޿ɱܣݶʱһ¶־ޱȵ顣Ȼֻڿһ֮ϵʱɢӰ٣ͫ˲ɫ
ɱ
ӴΣʱӸ߿֮ϣȥ
üһ壬Ȼһ֣ʱһֻʾ֣ӴʬǣУС
򾳼ۡӲδǡݿݣȴֹ
ҪǣмżȻԵġǿޣܹǡ
ͷݣֲޱȣۼĴڡδǡ򡭡ܵ˫ͫɢĿֲϢʱ򣬾ӦҪѡˡ
ʵϣޣûпǵġĻҲܹˡ
⣬Ҳͬǿ󣬵ȴԶûϹѸӿֲԭ
ûǣ̫һЩ
򾳼ޡ
ݽݵʬץǰĿӹһ˿֮ɫ漴ָ⣬ðһɫĽâ
⽣â²ݣΧĿռ䣬·𶼱Ť
ңоеĹʽԿռ䷨ɵĿռ֮ޱȡ
ָ⽣â΢΢һӣʬ֮ϣʱðһ𻨡˽ȥ
֮ñ֮ķȣ޷Ტۡš
ʱʶڣƬ֮󣬺ȻһֻһѣץһöӨ͸
֮ϣһɫ绡žĲͣҴܡ
۵ġ
ϹѪ֮С޵ȴȫӡ֮С۵൱ڵǿߵͼɣݿзһ˿˼
ϵɫ绡žݵҴܣпֲ̺СǴķ൱ͼĵǿߵĵ
ˣõһĻԼͼ̶ȣܸʢ¶һ˿Цݣ󲻿Ľ˴С
ֿһԱߵʬ壬ȥ
ʬҲǱкܴļֵĵǿߵõֻҲᱦĲС˵ȴûʲôҪġеĲƸǾ˵ĺܡʬ壬ûκá
ʬǵȥ뺣Сʱо޷ӵ串ǣѪʱƬ
Ȼ󲿷ֵ֮У۵Ҳ֮ͨھƷ˵Ǵ֮
ݲδЩһ֮ȴǰѾнǧ⣬ӦþͿҪ׷ֹԪˡ
뵽ֹԪðһ˿âĿʱһһףӴЯſֲϢɢ˿ȥ
ݵľǿƥɾ͵򾳣ʶǿ󣬼ֱţ
һͷʮ﷽ԲⷶΧ֮ڣһеµӲĸӦ
ʮ﷽ԲӴĵĿֲشڶࡣ
ֲѹ֮ޣֵţڵأɪɪ
ѹǶԣֱ֮ѹšһͷ
ݵĿУҲɫ
û뵽ʮ﷽ԲȻôۣҲаͷݸӦʮ﷽Բ֮Уаͷۼޡ
ͷں򰵽СͷݣһͷڿзУһͷȴԼĳѨС
ͷۣӦݵĿֲѹ㶼־־㣬ͷϣĿ⳯ݵķȥУ׹һͷӵǵҲûС
ݵʶôǿ˵깥طܴôԶĵطʵϣ깥طҲзΧġ
֮ڣɱһе򾳼֮󣬻ֻˣɱˡǧ֮⣬˶޷ˡ
ЩۣҲ￪⣬ȻӦĵȴ˲
ȻҲδɱǡȻ޲ͬһ壬໥֮ҲҲĲ졣
䣬ҪɱģֹԪЩޣʱȷһߡ
Ȼһȴ¶һ˿ɭȻЦ⡭
ҵˡ

һ粽գʧ

֮⣬ǰ
ͷݣѾʧ˦ˡ
·ĺˣޣۻһ㣬ڱ⣬Ȼʧٶ̫죬ȫˡ
ﵱУϥĿɷɷС
Ȼһ۾зһ˿ɫŤͷȥ
ǿˣ˷֮ЩɻŤͷţӦУ򲨶˵ʶֻܸӦ֮ڵĶҲǱߵľ
֮ҡҡͷ˵ؾѾֻǧ·̣ǿ߳ҲΪ档һǸϽ·Ҫ
ţֲ⣬ٶȱ۾
ȻֻʮϢ֮ͽȻһɿֲȻɨ
ɫȻ䣬͵̧ͷ۾оĲ˼飡
⣬ܣ
ૣȴð˼ֻ
˵ķӲġ
ȻعͽȻһ
ȴͬ񹴻ֹ֮ԪɫɲǼ䣬û˿Ѫɫ
ˣֲ꣬׷ˣ
⣬ⲻܣ
ŵվǿʶʱɨ
֮ڵһУ̼䣬ĸԺС
͸Ӧ
֮⣬һӰͻȻ֡
ӦӰϢ֮ʱֹԪû˿ĽңУ¶˾顣
Ȼ⻹㡣
ͻȻ֮ӰʧˡֹԪʱһ㵣Ȼð뷨㷢һڵصʵ
ǵӰѾ֮ˣ
һϢ
ռ֮ǣǿռ䷨򣿣ֹԪȻɱһĻ꣬Ǻգ̽һֱֱֻۣӽɱģ
һϢ֮

Ӱٶʧٳ֣Ѿ֮ˡ
㣬㵽Ҫʲôԩ޳ɱһ߷ѵܵǿ㴫е𣿣ֹԪڷˣɨ˳


978 ֣ƽ٣
ƺƵĴӰƵӭֹԪҲ޷ˡ
ȻĻȴûκεĻӦΪʶУ֮ΣѾʧǰˣ
ֹԪȻŤͷдױȵľ͸ռ䣬ǰ֮⣬һΣ֮˳
ۺڷڰ˫ͫ
ֹԪɫѾһŰֽ
ݿǰķٶȼ죬һľ롣֮߳ſǷǱѾ˸ǰ
Ŀ˫ͫȻէ֣漴һΣնǱͬʱּ䣬ǲٿؿռ䣬ǰĿռ䣬ʱ仯һƬӲǵֹԪֶΡ
꣡
ǣⱦǵؽƷȻֻǷбҲֻзУͬҲǿֲޱȡ
ȻƿնȥǰĿռ䣬ʱͬһƬƬһ㣬ء¶ɫ

ͨ죬·ȼһķգ˹ȥ
ݵüͷʱ΢塣
ȻһĻȴԭݲ԰׵ûһ˿ѪɫֹԪͷͽȻһţһ˿⣬ڷǿռһ˲䣬ǰ
ûûеؽױһǵؽƷȻǿ϶⡮ױ󡯵ģһлᣬлᣡ
ֹԪૼ֮󣬷·һӻ˹̲סЦ񣺡汦ǵؽƷңƷеļƷҲеؽƷҲ޷һʱƳҵķţŰɣΪõңдУͿݺ޼ˣˣˣѾ괫ʦʦǳԽ򾳵ľڣʦϵϾҪ
ֹԪ񵽼£Ǵַ֮ϲŻᵼʧһʱ޷Լ
ݵüͷһ֮ȴһȻûлʦˡ
˵꣬ڰ˫ͫУͻȻһ깥֮
ҪԿֱܲɱֹԪ
֮ЯͼϢȻǷ
ȻڽӴһ˲䣬Ƿ֮ϣͻȻһɫ⣬ݵ깥ʱ桭
깥Ȼ깥ûõģûõģⱦҪĹܣǷУǿҳǿҪⱦһ㣬һ㰡
깥ֹԪһ֪׷ɱģݡҲôˡϾݶط飬ɳȺǿȦѾ顣ȻҲ֪
Ӧ깥ĿֲʱһܸӦ깥֮ϣһԷڰ˫ֹͫŹϢĵͼ΢΢һ¡
棬һ£Ҫ
깥סֹ֮ԪȴٶȴЦס
̫ǿˣ
ס깥üͷٶһ壬ȻƬ֮ȴһȻؽƷôʲôҪģǱ˵ΪɣҲá޳֮󣬻ʩչ㣬һ°ɡ
֮ݵ֮ͫУȻð˵⻪
ڣɫ⻪Ũ֮
۳ףɫâ⣬ʮ
һһâһ֮󡭡
䣡
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ͼһڣһס˫㡣֮ĿΪɫ֮ĿΪɫȡͣȹ֮⡣
ͼĳ֣֮䣬һѹŵĿֲѹȻ١
ط·һ˲䶼ͣſգԲԶѹ
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ݵͼѹķΧ
֮ڣеޣһ˲䣬Ȼѣ
ѪҺȾһƬѪ֮ɫСͨ࣬Ҳ⡣
֮⣬ˮУεһֲۣͼֵһ˲䣬ͽȻһҵĺС漴ֻһ죬Ŀ⣬ȥ
ٿʬһԷ֣Ѿѡ
ֱһϯĺƽ٣
ͼһصתſգκڳֲѹһ˲䣬ϱ飡
⣬ʲô򣿣⣬ⲻܣ
ֹԪͻȻſգֵһ˲䣬Ļ汦󣬶ʱʧȥеĶ˿Сڱռ䵱еֹԪɫѾûһ˿Ѫɫ
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ݵĵģվûгΪʵ֮ףڿƬ֮󣬷·ûҵĿ꣬Ȼɢȥ
һĻݣһţϣȴֳŨŨء
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ͼɣЩϵĵǿߣƿԼͼһų͵ȫѹ򾳵Ҫֱӱѹ˵
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дޱȵأڶ˵֮Ҳǵһĵ˵ͷ
ͼֲ̫һ֣ͽﷶΧŪһƬأֱһƽ٣


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Ҫ񣬾Ƚ飬ݺ
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ţֿһ۶ת粽֮Уʧ

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ĺѾ˿ɳȺ
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ʱ䣬ȡ˲ٵ顭ȻлûĵؽױʱѾˡɱ¾ʼԼĵ
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ʮʱ⣬ѾȫƿԼĵϵϢԲȻûһʼַâ¶ĸоȥͨͨէһһͨĿӡ
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ң׺Ŷּҷ˹ɳȺеּǺɨһաǵƮ
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ڴʱһֱżſڵˣѾվӭĳż


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ݵȴûаֵı仯ĿӹΧֱ֮ǰıһżϣУ¶һ˿ء
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ǵ֪ݾȻѾɾ͵򾳵ʱ˶ǴһȫţҪ֪ǵżݶʱݵΪɲԲȻŶãγɾ͵ҲˡݾȻҲԶԶǣɾ˵򾳣
ֱ޷š
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ݾĿһ󣬵ҲûйԿռֱ֮ӺЩε
ⱦżֲ̫һ˿Ϣѹͼ衣
ȻĿ⳯һȥȻһ̧ա

һϢ֮󣬴׿ռǧ֮⣬ݴ֮У˳
ǰһâ˸Ĵ󡭡
棬ʲôأһ󣬽һ磬ֱ̤˴С
׹һݣѾ˵ڶ㡭

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һϢ
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ٶȣǻߣҲ޷ƿ˿ռǿᲢۡ
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һٲã͵봫͵ʮ֮ĵط˵ҲʮϢʱˡ
ֵһǡõ߲ˮеĵͼѾȫԿÿһεĴСˡ

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˵ʮ֮ȴͣδų̸ߵĲΡΪҪʼѰұˡ
ȽĻָһЩ˵һֱǲлʱҲܶһ㱣֤
аš
ֻʣʮʱ䣬ڶѾ˯֮СҪģǽĻָˡ
мɱЩɱǰʲô֪пʮ֮һȴòЩɱˡ
ǾǿֲޱߵĴڡ
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ʮ﷽ԲڣеһУ
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֮󣬹ȻѾܹͨʶ̽Щ߲ʹˡ
ݶˡ

һ磬ա


982 ֲЧ
ٳ֣Ѿ˰֮⣬õһöٷ߲ʹ֮ǰ
һץʱǹһ·ײһǽ֮ϣ˳ȥȻڷԲһ׵Ŀռﲻͣڣײ
ݽܵĿռ䡣
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ᣡ
𣬻һ̯߲Һһһ
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ʶһŶö߲ʹ򣬱Ǹǰ
ֻһţҸ֣һ֣ʱһʸǼ˳ȥ
һݸͲܻûĿ꣬ٶŹٶһš
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һɫʸԼٶȣƿնȥѭʶЩее߲ʹ
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Զ߲ʹ򣬶ʱգһɫ
һ֣ǽɫʱǣ˹С
ͷһݵϣ¶һ˿Цݡ
ǵؽƷı
üʶһûⱦռڡ
Ž룬һͷ飬Ƿ˹б࣡
Ȼȴ˿Ŀкڰ˫ɫһʱһֲϢ
䣡
飬ʱѹ˵ϣ¶ɫ

һڶȻ
òˡ¶Цݣ˵
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Ȼȴ˼־ϲ
һ߲ʴǣǺڶֱ̽ӳŵ֮Ͼ쳣ƶȥ
ԸԸ
в£ʱ
ˡһ־һתصԼı֮ϡ
ͨѾ򿪣ȫԼ飬ˡ
һ򣬽һ̤ա

ɫݿֲʶԼңоֱ޷죡κ߲ʹ򣬶㲻ݵʶͬҲ㲻ɫ󹭵ļʸңоٶ֮£ʮ﷽ԲֻҪʮϢʱ䣬ܸػ߲ϼ⣬ػԭشʱ
йͼĿֲɱκػ壬ݶɱ
ʱ
ʵϣֻƬ̵ʱ䣬ݾѾⷽԲ֮ڵػ嶼ɱˡ
߸ػ壬ǵؽƷʣµƷ
ƷҲ飬ֻδγǣ鶼֮ͬзлϢԣҲա
ֻһƷǿȣֻһؽƷİٷ֮һ
Ȼʤޡݻ÷֮ͳͳˡ
Ʒﱾʧ֮󣬾͵ѾˣȻµȥķѵʱõĳɹȫȣݲ
ֻܹΪƷʵҲǱȽġкܶƷĲʣȫɵؽױġֻΪߵΪ⣬ŵֻƷˡ
ЩҲûжԺʱˣȫԽճΪµıáܶ࣬ٶıеطɡ
߸ػɱ֮󣬷Щ飬ݣһת֮һطٶó˽ɫ󹭡
ݣ
һɫʸٶȱ˳ȥ
ⲻѰ߲ʹ򣬻Ѱػ塭ֱǼȡɼ򵥵·һǰ򵥡Чʸߵס
ָЧռʽȻݶеġΪͷȻǶûһϢٶȡ
һ㣬עǲģַʽ
ʵϣʮռЩʱ򡭡ǿߣſڶˡ
࣬ʵЩ̫ˡ

ʱЧʵɱ֮УȻ˹ȥ
ۼ䣬һʱ䡣
һʱѾӵʮ㣬ֱӵִʮ㡭
ȻЧʺܸߣݱϾһһ﷽ԲǷǳ嫵ġݣҲúķѲСʱ䣬ܽռ䶼һ顣
ʮ㣬ݾһٰʮƷʮؽƷһؽƷ棬ֱ˸еһ˿ֲ
Ҫ֪⻹ֻǵʮһˡռ䣬һٲ㣡ԽϣؽױֵĸʣҲԽ
ʮ㵽ʮʮ൱Ҳࡣ㣬ǵؽױݾʮؽƷؽƷһؽƷ÷ǿʮҵĻһؽƷǿǿ꣡
˵ʮʱ棬Ѿﵽһʮ߼ؽƷʮļؽƷ
Щ飬û⣬ͳͳˡ
ѾԶ֧ǧһٶʱ䣡
ͨ嶼˸ԵĹ󣬿ȥǷһ֪ǷƷ
ھһɱ󣬴ŻҪٵ֮ѯʷ
֪оӦÿˡʮػص
Ҫ˵˭ˬ죬ôɾǷˡô꣬һÿһ춼ǿĸоȻˬˡ
΢΢˵ͷûٶ˵ʲôǰ


983 ɱ
һһ㣬սµػ壬˵ɱ˵սػ壬ݣֻбɱķݡݵٶȣһֱûб仯
һɫʸͬ⣬ȥ
ʮ߲֮ʹȻ˲١ǣƷȴмߡÿһٸ߲ʹоͱȻһػ塣˴ʱؽױĳƵʣҲԽٿƷı
õЩĽǣݼÿһգԼķȽţ÷ַ졣
ٺ٣˿ˣܿҪԿһɱˣ
ԷӣҲڴ
ȱ˴룬Ҳǵõһɱ󾿾ǶôֲĶԤ뵽Ϊпʮķɱ֮һȻֻģҲô򵥵Ĵڡ
һؽױ飬ͣɣ׳
ֵһǣ̵Уһֻë
ʱõңڵͳеݣҲֻ֪ë֡
ڤǡ
ڤϹ嵱УҲڼǿ֮һᲢۡӵпֲٶ뾪˵塣츳ڤ֮⡱Ϲ嶼˼ɵĿֲÿһͷ޵൱һԴǿߣ䡰ڤ֮⡱羳ǿ߶Ҫü˭ҲԸǡ
飬һͷڤǡжϳֻǾѪڤǡĻݾϹľġڤ֮⡱УҲ׶༪١
ʵϣǻм춦ѹϹľݿѾˡ
ڤϹʱҲ࡭ʵϣԽǿ壬Խ˵أҲֻ޵ļͷˡ
һڤ飬ֱӱѹȻùˡ֮ͻָ˶ʢȶʢʱڻҪǿùھϲͬʱҲǳĸмݡֻЦЦûٶ˵ʲô
Խǿɫ󹭵ҲԽӵǿᡣȻڽɫʵʵ壬Զ̻Щ߲ʹǿݵѾ̫ˡ
˵ѿռɫ󹭵ռɱСڵٿ̥ǿҲ˼ֻ̫ӲˣԷԵñȽϼˡ
ȻݵҲںЩȻȻԿ㣬⹭Ϲ塭
ͨңڵĴУѾ֪Ȼ౻Ϲ嵱ʳҲǾԡǿߣǻץסϹΪūͻЩ과˵Ϲ壬ֱԼʱҲӲᱳˡķ棬û⡣
һ·ɱԽԽĵؽױУĻҲԽǿ

ºݳ˵ʮ㡣
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ӴݣЯſֲХֱ֮ӳݱȥſĴ쵱Уֲ
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ֻݲͨ࣬ӵ๡ݣͬһֲſĴ쵱УȮķªޱȣ
Ϲ嵱УҲǱȽǿ壬ӵǿ츳ǿᣬԼꡣʤһ깥Ƶ
߲ϼ֮гֱӾͳҪֱɱݡ
ݿȴһĿкڰ˫ͫһֱ֣깥Ժ
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һҽУʱӿеȥȻȴǼݳ˹
Ȼȴֻһ֣ʱǰĿռһ̡
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ǿռ̵֮ǽ֮ϣʱһ졭ǿռ䶼ˣԿռΪýģȴһ˿Ҳûо𣬱ɢΡ
ݵͷһѾʬĹȴεҡҡͷ
ʵͦǿģŹģҲǾѪˣ⹥ֻ¾ǿֱ棬ҲҪͷۡһ
ϧݡ
ʱݿǰ߲ʹ򣬻һöӵĽָһ֣ǽָС
ͷһݱЦ˳
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òˡݿЦ
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Ц
ѾԼ־ǧʱ䣬ǿᵽ˼¡֮ǿҲ֡ڣȫԼͨһֱͨȥıռ䣬ˡ
ڣĽָȻһʱţȴЦָֽ봢֮ݼǰ
ʮռ䣬Ѿû̫߲ʹѰãҲûҵһػ壬һ׼ϵʮ㡣
Ȼʱ򡭡
ˣˣ
ĴЦȴͻȻݵԺдޱȵ˷ܡ
ݶʱͷѾҲǴϲɱˣ
һɱѾˣЦ˷ܵˣԺ̥ǿߣҲԲˣ
ʲôݶʱһ۵ɱ󣬿ԶԸ̥ǿߣȷ
̥ȥ˷̥ѳΪһĴڡǼ籾ԴĴڣ
ޣֲޱߡ
ӵͼֱǿߣҲǰְҲûС
Ϊ̥ǿѲ۷̥ݵҲ޷͸ǵѹǵĵֻҪǲʩչҪǣǲܵġ
һΣ깥طûЧΪǵѾȫȻ©ֻҪǲԸ⣬κʶκ޷ǵ嵱С
Ȼаƾſռ䷨ǡҪĻִڣȴҲǲܵġ
ȻʱſĵһСɱ󣬾ȻͿԵԶԸ̥ǿߣ
ٺ٣̥ǿʲô⻹ΪҲſɱֻǿǿһЩҰոҲ֪̥ǿߵҪɱУͱȻҪޣȴʮ㣺Ҫţҿڷаһ˿Լȥһ¡
һʱ۾һã
ºɣ˷󷨿ռ䡣
ˣˡ
쳣˷ţݱͿǰһƬռ֮Уһɫ㣬ͽȻ֡ţȻɫӰһĴڣǰĿռ䣬˵С趯·Ҫ˺ա
һĻȴǵһɴ۾
һɿֲĲЩɫâһĺӰУ
ɲݺȻ֮һ˺Ŀ񱩣˹ǿֱӱ
⡭Сɱ𣿡˳
ܸоĵɱʵģϵĻҲҪ˲ͱиƬֲǣӰлǹɹŹֵ˺յпܣϹľҪɡ
ľĸоܹвĶ


984 ħɽ
ħɽ󡯣ɣ𣺡ֻǼ򻯰ģһ£˸ܡġħɽ󡯣ݺ᷽Բκ뵱УҪ˺ѳΪޡ˵ܲܶԸ̥ǿߣ
ٶȵһԲ
һųȥǼֱһƽ١
֮һչͼʱĺƽ٣ҪֲϾͼҲֻѹˣ⡰ħɽ󡱣ȻɽﶼҪ˺ѳյ
̥ǿߣ
֮󣬾ü̥ǿߣɱֻҲֻ·һɣ
󷨲ûưɣڵܹʩչΣѯ
Ӧһ֮󣬶ЩεÿʩչһҪǧҪܿʩչһΣ޷ˡ
Ѿ뵽ǧ֮󣬻һҲ¶֮ɫ
ӣⶫҪͷܶõˡڵơײʩչ
һξǧ
һ֮ݵҲú
Ͼ̥ǿ߶ܻɱ󷨡ǧʵҲ̫ࡣ
ҲʮؽƷİˡ
ϧطķ飬ĻҲôˡš
ҪԴ˵ڤ壬Ҫͱڤ飬ꡣ
ҪҲձԴ֮
Ӧ࡭֪ܲꣿݺȻһ뵽⡣üƬ֮ȴҡҡͷ
ͨ꣬ǳСȻˣҲûʲôЧҲǵǿϵ꣬ԼЩЧΣ֪
ˣҪܶȡıܹɹõĲлĻ͸ˡһ뵽л꣬ȴЩͷۡ
ǾǱڵķҪǿĶĴڡ
һ֮ݼǰ

дɱпԶԸ̥ǿߣĵơֻǣÿһζҪһǧĻݱΡ
ڣֻܼѰҵؽױκһ߲ʹŹ
뿪ʮ㣬ֱϵʮ㣬ȻѰҡ
ʮĹ򣬱֮ʮ㶼ҪһЩڳֵؽױĸʣҲԽԽ
Ҳ֪żжٵĵؽױƷףֵǶ߰
Щ𾪵š
ĿǰΪ֮õĵؽױѾټŲεӣؽƷֵĸʣҲ˲١
һؽƷ棬൱ؽƷı
ĿǰΪֹݻδõؽƷҲ֪Ǹıܸٻ
ݼʮɨ
һ¹ȥݽʮ㶼ɨ˸飬Ļһǧꡣ
ѾʩչΡħɽˡ뿪ʮ㣬ǰһʱ
ţȻͷһĿ⳯һȥ¶Цݡ
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ֵܣٶδҲ̫˰ɣʮϣһû°ЩεݵԺ
Ҫ飬ҲΰȴЦ
˵ĹϵҲúܲ
ˡһ£Ҳõ˼ؽױ˰ɡпһ֮ȴǿ˵
ʮϣпֵܳؽױֱɱʮ㡣Ȼв
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Ϣ֮֮ǰ
ݴ߳¶Ľ֮ɫռ䷨Ľ
ȴһЦʲôҲû˵
գһ죬ȻӴȡؽױݸݣţ㡭㲻֪ÿ֮мƼ̳ĵطֺöôȻһҲûã
Ļ΢΢һƬ֮󣬻Ȼع㲻Ҳ㶼ˡһʱ򣬵ǷˡֻʱǱ貮ǸˣһöҲûõһεˡ
һֱӾֻעϵ߲ʹٶֿ쵽£ɱһֱӾֻһͣһĵͼ߲ˮԿףһһݡ棬ҲûرıעǺˡ
˵ˣΪѰһؽױѾ˼СӵãֱˡǴˡ죬飬Ͻİɡݸݡ
ݵҲûЦŽ˹
һݲδѯʲôֱкò͡
漴ֻͬʱһʱ
ѾһǧĻٶԶ֮ǰƬ֮㶼ʧȥԣʱ˷
лݽݻ죬ͬʱһðʧȥĵؽױݸ졣
ʲôȴüͷһ壬Щõĵ
һЦؽױ˵û̫ôֻҪ顣ҽˣҪ㲹һ㡭
ȻȴʱĻֵ˵ɾû˼ˡҪǵ׹ǼؽױܱĶҪţܱ𣿡
⡭ݴ˴ȷ׹ǿɾǼؽױԻȡĶױҲܹȡһؽ׹ֵͬն
ˣˣʱ޵ĺܡڿ϶Ҫɨ֮һҪϵʮʱϸ˵ȴǴݵĻ
ԣҲûټ֣˵ͷҾˡ
ȥɡ
΢΢˵ͷһ磬գʮ߲Ĵȥ
ӦʶֻϢ֮ȫʧڸӦڣʱЦҡͷ
ռ䷨ٶȣȷԶܱġ
һΣʵʵı˳ȥ

ʱȻš
ںɨʮ߲ʱ죬ΣͷȻˣ½ĴӺ׷
ǱϾҲǵǿߣٶȻԶݣٶȣʵҲһʱ䣬Ҳ㹻ǳ嵽ˡ
Ȼһʾһٶȵ𺳣ָݼؽױ÷ɵ飬Ȼ󽫱黹ǡͬģǸ˼ݾͶӼݻǡ
ͷֱӸ˱ˣûĸȥĵؽױȻûɡΣȻˣֻԼıҲûҪݵĲЩΡ
ȻʵǱȽõġ
ǸֱӳŸ߲ζȥǶûֺɨһ㶼ǿײˡõ˾͵õˣûõûõ
Ȼȥ
ǷĶᱦڼ
ʱ䣬ȻŹȥ֪䣬Ȼꡭ


985 ԽԽǿ
𣡣
컢ХصʮŲռ䡣
ʮ㵽ʮŲռ䣬һƬ֮أдеľȥ羰ǳ
ΣգȴǼ˿ֲһƽڵ֮УżͻȻ̽һٶȼֲֲＫΪӴٶ֮죬ݣڲ֮£С
Ϊֲǣһסʱͻձס
ǰԪȫգ
νֲ֮
֮ǰץסһΣǿͼ֮ѹ˳֮󣬸СĶܣ͵Ϯ
֮ǰֻһ˲䣬ˡԪ뾫ȴ˽ٷ֮һʵЩ¡
ʱֱģһͷ˫ľ޻
޻ԼĪɴСͨɫƣһ֮ڶЯŷ֮ƣ죬һӴľѹ
ʶϹġ塱
Ϲ嵱УҲǼǿ壬壬ڤ൱ӵзǳǿ൱ڱԴǿߡ츳ǡ塱ӵѹѹͼܡ޵츳ԴǿߵľҲѹ޷ʩչǿǳĿֲ
塱ޣͨƤë㶼ǽɫûһ˿ëüĽɫӡǣֲľѹǡֵһͼһĴڡ
ʱһͷ壬ߴɣͨףüġӡǣԴɫѪѾѵĴڡܣ൱ڵǿߡ
ХֲѹٵͬʱĹִз˺ѵأֲ쳣
ݵ΢䣬Ҳеһ˿͡
Ϲ츳Ȼж֮ţ漴ȴð˺ڰ˫ɫĹâ

ͼϢʱݵ˫ǿֲľѹҲͼϢֵһ˲䣬ʧӰ١
Ϊ֮ʼľѹȻֲѹǿߡӵͼݣȴֻù
ѹһʧݺɣֱһ깥˶Էü֮䡣
ʱֻüĵġӡǣͻȻâʢȻȻҪݹļ
ţüһ壬Ȼǣ
飡
һʵʵͻȻһڿȻһȴĵȥ
Ѫѵ㣬ǿѹκΣȴݡݵͼ֮£򾳼ֻһ֡
Ӵʧذ䣬ܲƵĿֲҲȻɢֻһ磬ݣȴûκ˺
䣡
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߲ʹ򣬻Һ壬գγһͱ
۾һ֮˹ͷһһ͹ӵĺ״ͨڽлָ񡣿ȥӵţΪƯ
ȻЩȵģȴ͡ϵ
ǡؽƷ
۾ǵؽƷܲ
Ѿʱ䣬ݴʮ㿪ʼɨʮ㣬ʮռ䡭ؽƷǵһ
֪һؽƷܸأ
Щš
òˡ̺
ؽƷϲȱõңڴУ䱦дĵؽױڵ֮ʬ壬౦൱һǵؽƷġ֮ǰɱޣ飬кüؽƷﱻ顣
ؽƷݺԥ÷ɡΪԣؽƷȣҪģⱦﵱе顣
ã
ЦӦ
ķѲǰСģʱ䣬عҲ˲ټؽױ飬ǿᵽ˼¡ڣѾĻ
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кͱȻһţ
ؽƷؽƷȣĵٶȣʵЩ
ȴ۾һ
Ҫ֪ԷһؽƷıʮϢʱˡؽƷ֮Ԥлǳǿ
ȻͱĵĲ죬ݵУ΢΢Ȼе黹
ȻǿٿǧĻȻûõģ
˷ܵݵԺ
⻰ҲЦ
ǵؽƷ⵱е飬൱ڰټؽƷʮؽƷ
νǿᡣ
һۺͱȻĵĺȷۿɼٶȥݽ֮˴УɷԼɣȻ̧ͷ
ʮŲռѾɨ˸飬Ѿһ߲ʹҲûˡ
ʮſռ䣬߲ʹٶռ䣬ҲǧֻǧУһٸӵػ壬൱ʮ֮һеؽƷʮؽƷжʮһؽƷ
֮ʮʮʮֵıܺϣҪࡣƷ׸ߡ
ķŴﵽĻ
ʮŲˡҲ֪Ρţ漴һǶʮռһͬʮһ㣬ȥɡ
뵽һζա
˸֮Ѿ֮Ĵǰ
һС

Ѿ꣬ҪˡҲֵ֪û
ʮռ֮У죬ΣȻԼͷ۵һʱ䣬Ȼ˵
ӦҪˡЦЦ
˵ʮһռ䣬˵ôֲȻѯʡ
֮ɫЩصĵ˵ͷû˿ڿԡʮһϿռ䶼ǳΣգвҲޡ˿Ҫ⡣
һüͷջǵ˵ͷ
ζ½ǿߣżҲǵʮǼˡһΣȴҪʮϵĿռ䷢̣ȻҪѯ
żÿһΣΣվһΡʮ㵽ʮŲռΣգѾвԲǿߡʮһռ䣬ǿߣҲвˡ
ף߲ʹ򣡡
˼ţͻȻһԶ֣һΣֱӳ˹ȥ
߲ʹһ֣ҪǣȴܣѾ嵽ĸǰֱһС
ʱˣ
һһ߲ϼ⣬Ȼ֡
ֳһػ壡Цš
Աߵļλǿߣ۾ҲһЦſ졣
ȷǲ
߲ʹϼУһͷȻȻ͡
ʶϹһΪ񡯵壡ӵв׵ǳϹ嵱УҲǿ塣ޣ˵ռ񷣶ܹٻĳһ֮󣬶ʱЦ


986 
ǰģһͷǧɵӴݡͨɫë֮ϣһ֮ž첻ϡδ߲ʹϼ֮гѾ춯ʱͷ֮ϣϻƣ
ϳȻݷֲϵݵõңڴУʶ󲿷ֵϹ塣й֪ⷽʶδ˽Ƕ⼸λǿߣҲ֪ÿһǿԼص㡣պԵʱ򣬶ԶԷһ֪֪֡
ͳɣͨףٶȿ쵽ޡǧңͨϺڣȻѪѲ̫ߡҲǶѰˡһ֮ҲЦ˵
ȻֻǶѣҲͬһ㣬е򾳼ҪҪæ˵һ䣬ȴЦ졣
أٺ٣Զһ㣬һɱ񡣡Ц
༸ԶһЦҲλζ˳ǧ￪⣬Զš
˶Զˣһйս⡣
ֻһӣһ棬ʱ߲ϼ⡣
ౣ
߲ϼ⣬ӦѡȻһŨ绡ǳ˹ȥ
ĺã
쳤Хһ˿Ҳη壬ӭȥ
֮䣬·һ˲ȼһ㡣һֻͼһգ콫Լĵ˳

磬ΣȻײһ
ͣǧɵǰȻСӡͼһչնȼĹâӳ֮£ҲԵüӴֱӾײһ
е򵱿գſգ޷÷򡣵ѵڶ㣬Ҳ൱ڵ򾳵ǿڣ֮ȴڽõķ֮С
һһ񣬵¾ս˸Ȼ졣
ֵܵսǺܲ򾳣ȴѾ֮ƿص˳̶ȣȷǲԶսȴЦ˵
Ҹȵ塭ݵ˵Ϲ壬ȫʧֻбܡˣս¡Ǻӵǣһֲֿͷȴһҡͷ˵
֮Ҳ̾һидϹ壬츳ĳֻѪѾжֵսһšⷽ棬࣬ȷǲ̫Զˡ
Ϲ壬ֻҪѪܲͣǿ࣬ȻҲͨǿ㣬ȴǲ̫Զˡ
ͺ񣬲Ѫѣǿ߻ƴ仰˵һӵнӽսҲϲϵǿ
ѹϹʱֻЩʳġ
֪ЩϹ֮ĸеԲңλǡ񳤳̾һ
˵ЩҲûʲôˣģҲǾܵİݵõǱĲлꡣﵱеһ롣Ϲ壬ӵзܵռػһ㣬ͷ˵
ԱߵȻԣ㶼ĬȻ
ŵʮˣʮһͷǳѡô꣬Ҳִֻ˵ʮĲ㣬ϡֵܽôãҲʲô춯пܱҪﵽһٲпֱǲлꡭǵܴﵽǸ𣿡ĬƬ֮ȴЩǵ
żÿǰһ㣬ԽΣաʮһ֮󣬼ÿһΣռһΡֻǰʮĲ㣬֮أ
Ҫ֪Ҳֻǵ򾳰ˡȻǿֲĵڣֵܹĹԽ򾳼ػΣգ
ͷҲûףĬƬֻ֮ҡͷ̾£ɡ
˶̾һٶԡȴЩͳ
뵽ҪԵĶ˭Ҳɵ
ౣ
˼ʱǱߵսȴδֹͣ
ٶȶ쵽£̶ʱѾٴΡ
վĵռϷ磬һʱֻðҽһĻ⣬ȻԴʹʱɫ绡һ˲䱩ǣҪɱ
ȥ
ȴЦɫ绡ĵ֮⣬˲òҵᣬ׷֣ȴðǿҵĻ⣬ȥ
ౣౣ
ҽвϣ֮ϣҲȼܴ𡣷ڿз
ȴƹ֮˿ҲãɫâȻʢȸдﵽǧ֮ĵط·ʶȼա
ڣƬ̵ҲˣһƬ֮Уȼճһغ̿Ȼ䳯ŵ䡣
һԾϵգסȴѾȼ˵档
Ц
һö߲ʹҲڴʱһ̯߲Һ壬վһö顣
ֽ֮У۾һϲؽƷ
ǧ֮ˣҲ߷˹Ĵϲ֮һҲ۾һ
ʮ³ֵؽƷĸʣɲߡЦ˵
Ҳ˷ܡ
⻹һεõؽƷ˵ĵһؽƷ
ʲôЦģ»Ҫ׳ͷȴǺЦ
һٺٵ׳һ£ܵõһ¡ͷӣ㲻Ľҵɣ
Ľ㣿ͷһۣ漴ߺ󣬲
Ц
ʱ
ţԭҲ΢Ц˶񣬺Ȼһ¶Цݵֵˡ
༸ˣҲ½Ӧˣһ
ʱһӰ˳
ݡ
ֵܣǿǵðЦ˵
λõˡҲ¶Цݡ
ˣλǿߣ
ˣϻࡣҸյõһؽƷٺ١⼸Ҳ½õ˼ؽױɡһ˵ֱӽݸݣͬʱִӴȡ˼ؽױ㶼Ȼı
лҲûоܾ֮ǰõġһνֻҪõؽױȫҪݡ
ȻûƷҲõһЩؽƷġҲЦŵݹ
һ򻰲ȻǰԼıݸݣĬ˿
ҵġ΢ЦǰҲϱ
šͷҲԼıȥ
һ㣬λǿߵıȻʮиһؽƷ
ãáЩҴԼǧĻһĻҲǴЦ
꣬ԼǷĵꡣĻѾԶԶݳʱĳ̶ȡ
лλݳ弸˵ȴЦҡҡͷû˵
ˡ
˵
ã
˷ܵӦһȻŵʮؽױ㶼΢΢һȻ


987 ʮ꣬ڶɱ
ǣռ죬Ƭ֮䣬󲿷ֵĵؽƷѾ˸ɾֻʮؽƷǼؽƷı飬黹ǵؽƷö飬ڿУ΢΢ɼļҳ̶ȡ
ҲǷĶ֡Сʱ֮Ҳʧĸɸɾȫɡ
ݣ
鱻꣬һ֣ʮԶ˷򣬼Ҳֽ
ôЩԼֶܼʱ䣿
ѯһ֮Ҳ¶Цݣǧꡣ
ǧꣿһ֮϶¶˼Цݡ
Խǿ󣬶ǶȻԽáϾ˭ҲԸ⿴ϹƷĳ档Ƕκ˵һƽ١
ٺ٣ˣԽǿԽкôҵĻܹʮ꣬ڶɱҲԿԺ
һ¶־ɫڶɱ󣿡
صڶɱ󣬿ɱȵһɱˡ
˼ʱ
һɱ󣬴ѾԶԸ̥ǿˡڶɱ󡭡治֪жǿ
ѵԶԸԴǿ߲ɣ
Щš
Դǿ߿ɲͨ޳˻籾Դַ۷̥Դȣֲ쳣̥ǿڱԴǿУͺǿڵǿһСoһϹʱҲѹһľްԡ
ң⣬ҲǱԴĳ̶ȰˡһŵֻΣԤǿ̶ˡ
ڶɱ󣬿ԶԸֲεĴ
ˣҲˣʮ㻹߲ʹֵܣ㿴ǼǰȽʮıȡˣʱ˵
Ҳǿݡ
ȻҪȡ˷ˣȴһЦ
֮۾綼һ
ãֵ֪ٶȺܿ죬ȴûۼʶÿ۽硣Ц
Ҳǿݡ
Ƕ֪ݵĶᱦٶȷǳǳĿ죬ûۼʶ
ͬΪ򾳣ݣжࣿ
ͿðɡĴЦҲӿһɺЦһֻֽ֮ǽɫ󹭸ȡ˳
˶ʱЩڴĿ֪׼ôɨռ䡣
ֻŹʱһɫʸǳ͡Ȼһţ
ݣ
ɫʸ˲䱬˳ȥٶ֮죬˵鶼һ
Ȼһ֮˿ͣ٣ٶ󹭣ٶȼ
ݣ
һɫʸʱͬһӴ󹭵бɳȥ
ʱʶУĿһ߲ʹһĽɫʸУ顣
ᣡ
ˣ쾪һǧ⣬һö߲ʹֳһƬ߲ϼ⡣
Ȼء
һҲǾһΣǧһö߲ʹ
ᣡᣡᣡ
Բʮ߲ʹ򡣶ʮռ䣬߲ʹȻػĳƵʣȴԽĴʮ߲ʹ򣬾Ȼ˾Ÿػ壿
˾֮Уһ粽ʧٳ֣Ѿǧ֮˵Ǹػǰ
ֻػǰ˲ʮϢȻһ˸ʧٳ֣Ѿǧ֮⡭
ǧػ壬Ѿʧ˵ʶС
⣿˶ǵһɴ۾
Ȼ
˶ˡ
ǵʶܸǷԲͷķΧ㣬ﵽԲҲ߲ܲʹλáֻǵķٶȴûô죬룬ҲúķѴʱִܵټϻɱػҪʱ䣬һ˲ʮϰٵ߲ʹ
Ҳ޷Щ߲ʹֳػһһɱ
Ȼǿݼһ˸ִܵǧ֮⣬ֻҪʮϢʱ䣬ܹɱһͷػ塭
һռ֮ڣһ˾Ÿػ壬Ȼֻ˲Ƭ̵ʱ䣬㽫Щػ壬һһɱ
ٶȡֱˣ֪ôɨһռˡһ϶¶𾪵µ顣
뵽֮ǰɱһͷ񣬾ͺķ˴̵ʱ䣬ʱݣٶȿȻ
ͬΪ򾳡࣬δҲ̫˰ɣЩš
ˣ㶼ǳĬҲſɬ֮ɫ
ͷҲһɬ
õݵ׹ΪǡѾ֪·Ȼڻǵ򾳣ʱգҪͻƵ̥û̫⡣
ɿֳĶȴòϡȣҲ̫Զˡ
Ÿػ̼Ѿɱϣݵ˵Ժ𣺡һµʱ䣬ռıȫȡ֮Ǿȥ
˵仰ݵΣʧķΧ֮ڡ
һۣЦãǶȥ󴦵ŰɡһΣֵܲǡô˵Ǿôɡ
ˣǿЦҡҡͷ
ôһ˵ûһǾƭ˵ġ
ô˵˾㶼Ŵ˹ȥ

ʮϵıιȻ˲٣ÿﵱУһؽƷӷҪʮҲǲܡ
ݺɨȴǸп
ż̫أôıҲ֪ǴʲôطõġڣѾõ˳ǧؽױ
żѾ˶ˡһǧȻٲãǧؽױӦôҲõ˰ɣһ㣬ٳǧˡ
ϧǵı඼ȥˣֻʣ¼ĵؽƷĻֻҪЩǵõıﶼˣʮĻҲൽˡЩп
Щ˴޵УչȻķĲʲôطǴżô౦Ǹˡһ棬չһ棬Ϊ
ӾԲ򾳣һӴĲƸЩƸǴżгġ
ǰֵıȻѾȫ˳ȥǱˡ
뵽漴ȴҡҡͷ
ЩҲûãҪģǽʮ߲ʹ򶼸ƣɨһεıȻǰ
ôã˺ɨȴȻûκε춯ôֻһܣҪﵽһٲܼĲлꡭûһΣΣվԽǿһ֡ڵΪҲִ֪ܹܲһٲ㡭Щǡ漴ȴһ
ҲãĲлֱֲ̫ȷûʲôաˣٻһ򣬵Ҳûʲô취
ȻһΣҲҪ÷ֵܹʱһЩһֱɳȺϣȴʲô¡
һЩ뷨ĬƬ֮󣬼ж
һµʱ䣬ܿ˹ȥݣҲʮռ䣬ɨһ顣˴ĲƸ
ĻҲ꣬ﵽǧꡣ
Ǽǰɡ
󴦣˻۵һݵִ֮ǿˡ


988 ص
ʮһռǵص磬Σһ硣Զ꣬ǳֲǣҲע⡣ػȫǵ򾳼ϵҸǵĵͼһǣ֮󣬴ֱȥĸطͣһж񿪿˵Ŀȴǿ죬ˡ
˵УȻͷȥΣȻΣաֻݵ˲ĻҲ˵ͷ
ֵԼжɨʮһռи̳Ҫĸ˲ܹһؽƷǸ̳жɡֿݡ
˵ͷ
Ǻã߰ɡ
һ˵
£һν˴С
ݣҲС
â
أ
âݶеģһǺһۣǰģһƬ޴ĵص硣
ͷεգһƬʯɵĶ磬һƬڰһɭֲϢ
Ȼǵص硭һ
һ޴ĵص磬һ׳˵ʯӵ쵽գʯȥͬһţ飬쿪ȥ
صз磬һֱǵ磬һ·һƬ磬߾ǹǺ˴ĵ׷⡣
ЩĿܡ
ΣѾвǿߵΣˡȻͼѹһеǿߡвǿߵȻѣҲòСġ
ΪķʵҲֻǵ򾳼ġȻѪϹľ˵Σһ磬Զꡣʱ˽ȣֱӾͿȻģСĽҴ⡣
ݿ˿ܣʶɢȥ
ԲʮﷶΧ֮ڵһУԶԺ֮С
ݣ
һöö߲ʹױȵٶȣ֯
ٶ֮죬Զʮռ䣡
ݵüͷʱ
żȻͬСɡʮ֮ǰѰұͬ̽ȡһ򵥴ݡص磬ֻ¾Ͳôˡ
Щ߲ʹٶȼ죬ʸٶȣѾ׷ԶġԼֻܻ֮ڵˡ
أ
üͷ΢ʱ򣬺ȻһͻȻ˵Ĺ֮ͻȻ͵һеһɳƢĺ⣡
磡
ݶʱӦɫ䣬һ磬ա
Ȼһ˲ֻĴ壬̼䣬һ˪ʶ֮У˲ӿһɿֲµĺ⣬֮дҪĵͼ
ߣ
һߣʶеͼһת¶һ˿Ϣ
ʱ䣬ѹŵϢ֮е磬˲ϢǱѹʧӰ١
𶯷ǻһֱԡͼ֮ѹȻɡ
ݴ˳ϵİ˪ʶе类ѹ֮󣬱ʧˡ
ù磬ֵľȻֺۼҲûСݽüͷܵѹ
صΣȻףѹǶҪжķ磬ͼǿƹϵױ⡣ʱ޷ȳȷ֮ǡ
纮䳹ǣͬСɡͼԱ
ԭ˼Ƭ֮ȴûжһΣա

磬ʮ֮ͬҲˡ
ֱӽ춳һʶУĶͼȼա
ڣȻǽס壬ŽⶳѾܵشɫ԰ס
ÿֲ磬Ҳǻͼֻһ¶㹻Ҫˡʱӵ˼СԤĵطȥ
ܵһι֮СĽз紵ݶԶݡǻߣٶȺܿ죬Ҳܵˡ
֮У߲ʹһҲ˿򣬼ʲôػ壬һһػ磬Ҫ
ͲҶᱦ

ݶգ˸ʶɢȥʮ֮ڣһжӳԺ֮СȻһȻˣžۼȥ
˵Ǿ뼯ϵľ롣
ݿϲһɫģȻιӰܡǵؽƷǵǹȻġƽӡǴķҲܺ
֮Ϊ˸мǣûջءûյʲô˺
ȻӨ˸ҲǵؽƷﻤ壬Ҳκá
Ůûʲô飬ݱҲûǰȥ
ʱҲݵʶӦС
а壬˿ԷͷϣͬҲǺâȻҲл巨
Ψ죬ΪǱ۵Զһ·ϸС
ݿƬ֮󣬺Ȼһ̧ţʧԭءʮϢ֮ǰ
ֵܣ
СĽ췢ݣʱ΢΢һЩɫ
ݲ˵ֱ׳һ졣
ӹһʱȻؽƷ
һսףƴСȴˣǵؽƷ
ռ̫Σգ˰ɡ˵
Ҫ˵ʲô֮ȴһǾͶлˡ
£еǼս
ᣡ
аƴСĻս׶ʱʧϣǶһɫսסս֮ϣµȥӶۡ쿡Եü˵Ӣ䡣
ñʱ͸оսһϣʱΧ¶ȶòٱůġУʱһЩ
սףң䱦еõġȡ㹻飬Ѿֳˡ
¶˷ܵЦݣЦҡҡͷˣϹȹȥˡ
˵仰ݽһ磬գʧ
̲סĽ
Ӱȥٵı£Ľʵĺܰ
˿ռ䷨򣬻ʲôܹң
̾һ֮Ҳӿٶȡ
˻սףҲص硣ȻǺΣգѾвˡ

ķʱˣŶ۵һ
ڣԿʼˡֵԼȥѰұɣǼˣһͬȥʮһļ̳ɡЦ˵
Ҳ֪ʮһ㣬ݵвǺܴ
ݵ˵ͷˣǾ鷳ˡ
˶Цҡҡͷ֮ݲһ̤գʧ
߰ɡʧſڡ
˾㶼˵ͷ󣬳һȥ
ص磬ûй󡣵ڵǿ˵Ҳʲô
֮⣬ݴ߳ȡ˽ɫ󹭣һĿ⣬ʵ
Ȼʼʮһĺɨ


989 ɨ
ʮһĵص磬Ϯ߲ʹٶȣԶʮ֮¡ԽɫʸٶȣҲֻܱ֤ܹ֮׼СϾͺٻĿꡣ
߲ʹҲٶݸӦʮ﷽Բ֮ڣ߲ʹĿǲٸ֮棬ࡣ
Խɫ󹭹һʸҡҷصʯγɵʯ飬ɫʸٷɹ赲ǰʯ㶼̮
һصһĿռ䣬ĵص硣˵׼ҲҪȻʯѣܻᵼ¶߶̮ռֵǡһ֧ͷĶߣǿЩʯ
ڽɫʸĹ֮£֮ڵʮ߲ʹ㶼ѡգ߸ػ塣
ݽһ磬ǳǧ֮öػǰ
ʶľ壬ӴЯſֲѹǧɵΣ֮һͷ֪Ҫǿ١
ǵ򾳼
ݵѳɣͼѹš򾳼ݣϾɱ
ֻһ깥ַӦʱҲûУֱӾͱɱ
߲ʹг˱һؽƷı
˵ͷһĿȥ
һĺɨռ䡣ʮһֵػ壬ǵ򾳼Ĵڡǻˣ¼սҪķѲٵʱ䣬Σݽɱ򾳵ǿս֮£Щػ壬Ҳδ̫š
ϴһɫۣǵؽƷңڵڷ
صֲ̫ݣҲ̫⡣ҲΣա
ںɨռʱˣҲǼ̳
ּ̳ÿͻһҲ֪ڵԵʲôÿһռΣյĵط
ʮһļ̳ʮһ㵱һĶ֮ڡ
ⶴԼĪɴСصףϷ£·һӴĿݾһ㡣ڶ䣬ͨ޴ľڴ·һ˲Ǻĵ֮С
Ϊеĵطĸƽ̨ƽ̨֮ϸһöɫĹ򣬹йâӣӵĴһ޴ƽ̨֮ϡƽ̨񱩣ˣֻǿţ·Ҫ˵С
Ӵ󶴿ߵ±֮ϣȴŲɫľ塣Щ΢˴оЩ졣
ؾȣЩʱ䵽ʱЩ壬ͿԻصһ֮µĴ׿ռڡǵ귢ȥǴõġǿɻЦ˵
ΣŻȻ˹
ѹô죬ԭǡ

ȥĸˣҪеĽƣͱͬһʱ佫̳Աߵ飬Ͼƽ̨ԴȪ˵
ô򵥣Щȡ
ȷѡЦŵ˵ͷֻҪͬʱ飬Ҫĸˡ
ƽ̨缫࣬ǳˡ˶ӵеؽƷЩ磬Ҳκβǡ
һõݸĵؽƷսףЩԾԾԡ
áξŰɣ˵ͷΡ
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
£ͷȻԼ죬һ֮һۣͬʱС
ʱϯϢеؽƷﻤ壬ȻǸеһ˿⡣Сٶȣü˻
ڵؽƷͬСɣ˾ˡ˸ǵǿߣǿ֮󣬻ƽ̨֮ϡ
һͬʱǰ𣿡
ʶУ˶оۼԪĿƵĶŸǰĹ
һ
һ䣬ͬʱȻӻ
ž
ѣʱӿ·ѵһ˲䣬ͷѹԹǺֱ֮嶷ϷΣҲһ
񱩵磬˲ϯˣǶ׼綨һ㣬վƽ̨֮ϣһ
ѣĵĹҲȻʧ¶˵еı
һͭӡ
磬һץסͭӣȻ󳯾ڷȥˣҲ󣬷ȥ
뿪ߣԶʱ徻ȻҲзǾ֮ȣȴҪ徻̫ˡ
ʲôǺѯ
һЦ˳
ؽƷͭӣһ֮۾һ
ҵļؽƷǳ̳Ц˵ȻΣϻһӰƽӣҲǳ
΢΢һüЦЦûж˵ʲô
ˣ̳ѾƣҲȥɡʮһռ䣬ֵҪɨֻҲúķѲСĹ򡣡˱֮Ц˵
༸˵˵ͷ¸Էֿ
ʮһ㣬ȻΣգӵеؽƷǶԣҲʲô
˼ʮһɨҪʮһıﶼҪɨС
ʱȻţ֮ʮһ㵱е߲ʹݵĺɨ֮£Ѿȫʧȡ֮ģʮؽױ
ʮһıȻԶ档һʮؽױݵõؽƷʮؽƷġЩȫգټһؽƷͭӣĻѾͻأ
ͣ˽ʮ㡭
ʮռͬʮһһǵص硣Ȼֻһ㣬ȴоΣգֲ˽һ
Ȼ磬ʮ磬֮ʮһ㻹ҪҳֵƵҲǸࡣǸŵؽƷȻܹܵĵǳǵĺ⡣
߲ʹٶȣ˼֡еʱ֮ڣԼʸС
ʮȻ˲٣κβǡķ˰ʱ䣬ɨʮռ䡣һ㣬ݻؽƷʮ˼ؽƷʮؽƷƽء
ûͣǼǰ
ʮռ䣬֮ʮ㣬ֲֿһȻûеסˣķ˰˸£ɨһΡֻؽƷʮؽƷʮؽƷƽꡣ
ȻǵִʮĲ㡣

ʮĲ㣬˳̹ߵĹؿȷǿֲޱȡ
磬ǸŵؽƷȻ˸е궼ľĺ⡣ݣͷԼǻԵ컹áȻԼˣȴʮĲռ֮Уɪɪÿÿһǻɸݲ԰ס
Ȼһ㣬Ѿǵļˡ
߲ʹٶȣѾ쵽һּ£ɫʸٶȣѾֻܾ׼ǧ֮ڵĹ򡣳ΧѾû취С
߲ʹǴȵʮ﷽Բֻв߲ʹǿٷУͬһ⣬ֱ׽


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֮󣬶üͷһ壬ЩǵǺ滹ôΣһ˵Ļ
һηõĻԶҵʱҲ̫żˡһ·ɨʵΪлע⡭ѾʮĲ㣬ɨôΣȴһҲûзɼҪǲлµôﵽһٲ㶥塣ڵΣѾǵ򾳼ģϣ»̥ԴֲĴڡһٲ㣬ǿǲߵһεġȴҡҡͷ
ȷˣΪ̫һЩϣȷ̫ΣգҲﲻֵʲôæҡʹֹҲá˼һ֮ҲͷͬЩ˼Ŀݵܹģû뵽ȴʲôҲûаϡ
һΣǸݵİȷ̫ǵõıûһ˺ɨһռõıöࡣ
ô˵ûмλżҲλҲݺܶı顭ݷǳмȴǳֿ
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ȻˣֵȥæģҲռĥһռػ壬ǵ򾳼ĴڡƽɱǺġɱУʵĲſ졣˶֮Ц˵
ǿߵɱƽȻǺġռػ壬ǵ򾳵ģǶԣҪȫԶԵĿֲڡĥ֮УдôġͼãͷһЩȵȡ
ҲáԵ˵ͷ
˴к֮ݿգʧ
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аš

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ʮ﷽Բö߲ʹٶȿ쵽¡óɫ󹭣Ȼųʮ
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ʮ򣬾Ȼػ壿ʣǸߵľˡҲ֪ʮĲռıʲôΡ
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ݿɲİУһȺеġ
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ī
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һ뵱꣬ڵƾ˱ȵĴͶӣƣʮ꣬ȴѾǵ޵еĴڣˣֻҪһͷͿԽ֮ΡϸϸԼЩ̾
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аţ漴һǰ塣
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ͨңڴҲ֪츳СɱֻҪһڣǵ깥ɱĿ꣬Ǽ
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ġɱȴȫѵľǿߣҲͬʱɱ
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ݶ˿øҲûУȻɣֱ֮Թ֮
˫ͫźڰ˫ɫ񻪣ֲϢֻһӴ˲깥Ĵԡ
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֪ȥǲؽ׾Ʒ֣ܳЩڴš
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ÿһؽ׾ƷӵĪܡ
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һ˿ڴݿʼʮĲĺɨ
ʮĲȻǳѣһֻܹǧﷶΧڵĹٶȻԽԽ
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ǧ꣬ͿԿڶɱˣˣɣ˷ܵĴЦ
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ħɽ󡱣ԼǿԻɱ̥ǿߵġôڶɱֻǶֲ
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΢΢ЦЦ֮պлġ
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ÿֲŵʮ㣬ҶЩһΣ֪жֲһ󳤳³һһεż֮УѾǼˡ
ЩʧͬʱҲЩҡ
ʧȻûг嵽߲Σлһŵδ֮ա˵ǲʮ֮һĲлΪλ䵽󻪹żʲôڣлΪλϹʱ壬־ô£ʮӡǣΪȴͻȻĵطƷ
һϵеδ֮գ󵽼£ҵ𰸡ܹĲл꣬ЩʣԽ⿪һ롣Ȼʧĵط
ҵģͬҲһûмлꡭ
ż̫ˣһ˿Ϣֱ궼㤡ݵΪĲԸԷлֲεĴڡһƿصĸоָоܵ˼㡣
Щìܣݵ顣
վԭĬȻƬ֮һ⿪ڶɱֻҪǧĻˡɨʮ㣬Ӧȫˡ
뵽ʶȻɨ˿ȥ

ʮ﷽Բһо£ӡݵԺ֮С
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ݿʼʮĺɨж߲ʹȻ٣ػĸʣԽÿʮ棬ĸӵػ塣ȫǵؽױ
ؽƷѾԽؽƷɡؽƷĳָʣҲԽԽ
ʱȻţõıԽԽ࣬ĻҲԽԽǿ
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Ϊǵ֪֮УݣԲѡܹͷŶΣ̫Զ̫Զˡ

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һôʮ֮ϣһ߲ʹûз֣Ī˵ʲôˡ潻ǵõıﶼҪǡʲôѵͽƷ𽹼صīԺУһƬ֮ɫڿⲽ
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ֱɵۣ֪ʲô¡
Ҳûв²ǲǽЩ߲ʹȡˡʵЩšΪôˣδ顣
˵ݵĴڣҲûǹֻ˵ʵЩԸôԵ̫ˣ
ô˵ǶЩżûеõöҲ֪ǻ᲻ŭˡ
ī죬ɫǺܺõվԭصȴš
೤ϣ͸˵ˣһڵţǷʲô¡
ݣ
ʱͽȻ⻪֮˸𡣽ţǿߣ˴׿ռ֮С
һ֣񻽵棡
λ棬鶼ԵΪƽɨһۣδݵΣЦŵ˵ͷˡ
Źվһԣۡ
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ī״ɫһ䣬Ҳܵĸǰɫѿ棬īһΡҲûҵκα
˵仰˶ǵͷ
Ȼһ֮ȴЦҡҡͷˣ֪ˣⲻǡ
īͬʱһһۣ󶼿˱˴е𾪡
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992 ²
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⵹ǵϡʮĲʱڲ²ݴԼܽٲ㣬һ˼֮󣬶ΪԼʮǼˡ
ƾĹȥЩػһԻɱķȴǸĹпռ䷨򣬵Խ򾳵ĹΣգһв
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ǿûпռ䷨ôд⣬жߵ

֮أڵǿ֮¡һӰ֮У·ڸӦʲô
ɢһִݵϢ·ȻгȻϢ
ǵϣȻת˵˵ΪѾԶԶıΪֻҪ飬ʱԽ
Ӳʣ˫Ŀ΢գ·ڸӦʲô
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ʣѾʮꡣʮ֮УʲôҲûһ̲ͣĿգȻͨڤڤ֮еǣ򡭡һ룬ֺܿһ򡭡
Щ漴֣شַ򣬾㶼֡
һʼʻԻ󡣵ʱƣԽԽ࣬Уɻ󣬶һ
Ը⣬ʱԳΪԲǿߣ
ʱԾͲͣһܹʹﵽϾͿԿ˵ͷȴǿ˵ġ
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ݡ
ڸ΢΢һ󿴵ϵϢϣҲ¶Цݡ
˼֮󣬱ûٴϢٶȽգʧ

Уɽ֮ϣ֮ڣԺ䵱С
ƷԪȴڰš
ĻѾԼʮǧ꣬ʱ˷ӡ⡣ǿȥŭħпһˡ
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󻪹ȻܿĻȥǵĿǰΪֹ󻪹˵ص׶ԶûŪֻϡܹӦڶϷҪᴩƬĻݣҲð
пΣءֻǳȥǧ⣬ͿôвۼĴڡҪᴩһƬ˭֪ʲô
пռ䷨ķϾֻǵ򾳵ġ̥ϵޡǺΣա
ȻһҪԭǾıû䡣ȻΣķҲǷǳǳĶࡣңڴееٱ֮ÿУѰһ
Զյ㣬Ѿȫȹ̣Ҫ£Ҫİֻе£ʸ̥
ңûеϵ巽ҲΪûɲлȱȫҪӿ̥Ψһİ취ҲǽѪھŲ㡭ھŲѪȻﲻ̥ǿߵ̶ȣҲԶˡŭħеħ֮ѪõĴ߻ǿħĥ塣
аš
ŭħģȻħħ֮ѪǿǿıҲĪôȻ׷Ź
ҶŭħҲЩ桭Ҫۼʶһ£ЩħǲӵϹѪ壿ǡôأ¾Ͳôˡ
ԭأžƱȴ˼š
Ȼһ̧ͷԶӰ
ǿߵˡ


993 
ҲãζҲѾﵽ˵򾳣ȴûȥ˼¼֮ˡһһȥǶȥ˵ǼһΪ˳Ա֮󣬻вٵĺôġ
򾳵ִ֮Ȼⲻһѣ˵Цһ֮ѯ²㣬ݴȥʱЦŵ˵ͷ˵
ٺôЩĿ񣺡ʲôô
ҪѡˡЦҲǷ˵ġˣͺȻϸֻ˹ҸͷΣܱĴ֮ʱŻ֪ͨǣҪЭƽضжġ
ˣ˵ˡ˵ڲ˵У߲㣬˵ˡ˵ˣͱ˺һв뿪ĺô˻ᶨڸ飬׹˵жӹһ˿Ľ漴ҡͷ˵˱Ƚɢɡ˾ͱȽܣ̫ɡֻǣ˵õĺôҪԶˡ˵ʵȨôѡ񣬶ǿԵġ
˺ˣ
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ҲУ
Σݵ˶ǵһţĸ⡣
ȻйôΪʲô˰Щѯʡ֪Ϊ׹˶ˡ
ʵҲĶֻˣԶ룬õʧȥɡҪ뿪͵ͬѡ˵ʵҪ׷ɱǣǸ޴Ρ׹ȻĶżÿʮ궼й̶롣׹ٹҲдչƸһաΪ׹ʧȥõɡ㡣ҡҡͷЩεĵ
Ǽʲôô
ˣͿԽ˷֮д档ʲôµʱҲ˱ӻһ£˶ܾһˣҲʶǿߣȻǶһ㷽㡣Щǿ߻ᶨھһЩıﶼѵãûмˣûʸ롣ȻǺô
ݻȻ
ˣ͵Ǽ󺣵򾳵ȦӡΨһҪģҲΣʱģûʲôǿҪ󡣵ȷһѡ
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˿ɢһֵĻʵв׵սġ˵ҪͨĳǿߣԲ˵ˣ´һ׳һЩôΪ֮ģҲ
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Ե˵ͷ˺ûжľӪǲγ˹ģġ
񿴵ݳԥƬ֮󿪿ڵһֵעһ¡ֹԪȻҲֻ˳Ա׹Ļﻰ˼ƺ˵ĳǿĹϵɱֹԪ£ô׵ĽҹȥȥҲҪһЩ׼˳Ա˳ԱͻʱǺԥƫ˳Աġ
⻰üͷеֹԪǰǾ仰ӣƺԼõңڵͳ飬ѾͨһЩֶΣȥˡ
֮ݵҡҡͷ
пռ䷨ʵڲУҪԶ뿪ûжܹġңһڶɱѾҲηκˡ
ãлݵ˵ͷ˵
˵˵ͷҲûٶ˵ʲô
һ֮ˣҾµʱ䣬Ƚõıȡ㹻飬Ȼһͬǰɣ
Ȼų̺ܿ죬ȥҲûʲôҪ飬ȫ·ʵ̫ȻĲʲôܽʡһ㻹ǽʡһ㡣⻰Ҳûоܾ
̸飬Ȼ뿪죬ԼͷˣҲȥȡһ顣
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ûдȥȡ顭ϵ鼫ֱ࣬öòꡣûҪȥ۵ؽױ
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ӵе֮صԿףڵؾܱߵİ֮ڣʱԽ֮ء
ȻҲڼԶĵطٻ֮ءֻĿɾеϵ飬ֻҲ֧Ų˶ٴΡ
֮أһһƬ貵ǿաûа죬ֻĺҹ
һγ֣ݲδȥΧʻ붨Ҳ
ڵ֮ݺʮǳľ޴һط֮¡һ֣⻪ȻʢУȴǶһɢŴ۹âľᡭ
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һݿеУȴǸп
Ϊ֮ϵĹâȻѾ޷ٶκεӰˡȻͼϣѾˡֻһʱ򣬾Ѿ֡ʱתٿ䣬Ѿǵǿߣ˵ѾеƫϵĴˡ˴ʱͼűó
ĿĹâѾٴĿǱһַǳ͵ĹâͼɢŵʵĹ󣬷·תϢĸġͼĸԱߣСС֡
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ݶʱ˷
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ۣпҲǴﵽǳԽ˻羳Ĵڣ
Ҫ֪ңҲֻǳֹһλ羳ǿ߰
ͳ;ӵңڵͳͿȫȻӵĴڡ
ܲѣȲĿȥ
ử漫˹ӣ⸡֡һչӳģһ

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994 
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ݵɴ۾Ȼһ֣еķȡ˳ȶԡ
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춦ǵң׼ı
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ȥյأ֪طϸ಻¼ͼУԸΪϤ֮֮־ɱ塣ķο
һС֣ӡУСֵĺ棬һݵͼֻһݵͼ֮ǰĵͼҪ꾡ࡣѪԨС
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һһĿţãŴ֮лع
ԭۿȻҲһӡǿߡʮǿ֮һĺѣ
Ϥȫ顣
ѹַе壬ֻǷɱԭǲɱûɱ
һңڣ֮У罪ȴߡͬҲ罭ȴаһ㰮ϧ˽ߡӵ׼ֻ꣬㹻ʮӡ壬ȴûȫɱԣŷɱ
ʯţȻǷģӦþʮûĶһսžǧʯţһ룬аش֮ؽյĳطʯŵ壬Լǿ»عġ
۰ǰʧʧ١ѰҵЩʯţյأȥЩʯƴɱ
ϸϸ˼ţ۵Ļǰ飬һȫ֪ˡȻ޷⿪ţ٣Ѿһµ˽ˡ
ݶԭأ֮ų³һǰͼжδۣȴǳ֮⡣
ۣⲻһСֵУȴܹλƣȴȺδǿߵ
ǿߣҲֻǣķڷһ𡱣


995 
Щɻʲôӡ󣿡
³һȻѯʡ֪Ҳͨʶͼ
ݵĳĬ֮󣬲̾һЩӡֻģģǵòࡣ
ԣ˵ͷ
ȻȻʲôѣŵѡⲢǻǿ⣬ֱӱָ˳ȥǿҲǲһǰ
ڸӦлϢ˵ĲлȻڵģֻǲ֪ΪܸӦл꣬ǲлȴӦ
УΪ߱콣ʮ֮һĲл꣬ģ
ݰ˼⣬˼ڤƬ֮һҡҡͷĿ⣬ȴͼ֮ϡ
ӣŭħһҪȥˡǺɫǣ״ʲô
ݵĿ⣬Աߵŭħĵͼ֮ϣüͷ΢˼š
ãͼŻ˴С
ӡٰʮΪļ䣬Ӧаʮꡭٰʮָ꣬ʮڵƷʱ䣬ʯšҲ˵عڣô׼ȷЩ壬ĪǾǴĳһʯŵģ
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ֻǣ۵ȷʾʯŵټҪɱУ׻ʯšôʮɽеǸʯţôǸλãͷ־ʲôˣ
һĭһ㲻ͣݵԺУȴǷ֣֪Խ࣬ҲԽࡣ
ãݲźݺݵ˦˦ͷˣЩûʲôáڵΪĪ˵Ƿӡ塭嵱һǿĴڣɱҡԼΪ
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ңڴǰ۵ںʲʲôʥˣҲ
ңڵĴепȷأϹԴ࣬ͬԴһ㣬ݽ棬ɱ¾׸ԡϵǿ֮⣬࣬ûʲôĿռ䡣
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Уд̫󡣵ǴϣǱӱΣޱƣǴ̣īأ
һͷһԪ𣬶۾ʼԪеĻԼĵ򡭡
뿴һĻԣڱ뾡ԼΪȻ󣬷ش󻪹

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Щп˵仰΢˶֮ҡҡͷǲŵͻۣչһЦȴּ䣬ӴУȡһ
һԭŵͻۣҲͨһһ˫ĿȻ·¶֪ǣҲдô
һŹâ貵ݣҶΣ·ܼóˮϹâ貣ĿԶԶȥֱͬһССĹԴһ˵㣬ζԶ紵ɢ
ͻ۱ǿӣҲ̲סһıĿƬ֮ۿ۾Ѿȫͨ죬Ѿ̲סͻۣεɵסҶݡңҲûж٣һΣȴȫҪ׳ܹ֮Ļֻ¾Ҫ˷һζҶݡˡ
˵ЩĿһеĹâ貵ݣ̾һһ֣Ҷֱͻۡ
ͻѾȵĲͷҪȥһҶѾ׷ɹﻹƬԥ

磬Ȼ˹ֱſһƴСȴСɳһҶݣ˸С
һĻǺ΢΢һЦȻһΣһ⣬˰Ȼ󾲾
ֻһߣͻ̷ҶݣعζȻһŹâͻȻٵУ˳
âͬգ⻪ɣ
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996 
ˣˣˣ
ͬһصءţͿǹͻȻС
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ԽԽС󣬾ȻǻûΪ˲ĳ̶ȣ
ˣ
Ȼ䣬һţâɢȻԭȡ֮ġȴһȫ¶׳󺺣
ο࣬ëŨܣһ߸ͬһ룬̺ſֲݴڣһɺ˵Ϣ
ͫףҲͬǺһ㣬һɺɫֻǴʱĿУȴżãȻ
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δ֣أƬģ
ɺ˫ͫԶĺꡣ
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üͷһ壬ȻȴĮҩҶݡһۡЩ¶֪ǻۿ㶼ӵУᡣϺ꣬Ҷһأǵúü¶֪ײҶݵĶ֮ǰᱻϣһ㾹óҶݸңʲôɣ˵ɡ
ʱЦӣɵֺʵôƥû뵽㵹Ҳãһࡣ
󺺶ź꣬ȴһԲ
ҶݺԼҲ࣬ҵȷ׸㡣Ц˵ͷŴЦһ˰ɣȷЩҪõ㡣
üͷ΢˵ͷۼѣҵΡҲգƾĿһƬأұ͸ߡ
ÿһ嶼һҲ˷ǼҶˡ΢Ц̾
󺺵ʱһǰ΢Цһ޺ĺ꣬ȴ֪νġ˷ѡʲô˼
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һЦ󺺵˵ͷŤͷһԼĶתͷں󣬻⣬ʧ֮䡭

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ڿǻۣߣʲôΪӿǻۣӾ͵ģѱһͨӿдǰһꡣ
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аһЦѿ죺ǻۣ֮ң
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Ӽ״Ȼˣ˫չǰһҪҹˡ
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ҸߡͨϷŮƬ֮󣬵ĮڡӵУǹĺ졣
ǺǣҾ֪ӦԺǿɾǺýŮ¶ϲЦݣɰ
ȻϷŮȴ֪ĻشǷ񶨵ģôɰĺŮͻ˪Ĳпɱ¾ߡ

Ůշȥ

ߣǧ֮⡭ͬһĻ
һͷͷ۵ޣһȺͬ۵ˣҶݣǡЩȽϳ侲һ󣬻Ӧߡкܴһ֣ȴײУԸǣʬǡ
һУԶ཮ĵط
Щۣǲ֪ȥ򡭡

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ͼԽķΧԽ㡣
ݵľǿͨǿߵĵΧȴﵽ˾˵ⷬҪǧ
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ʱ䲻࣬ôɵȥǻ²ŶٶҲԶҡˣ뿪ɡ
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¾һգʵԱߡʻڼݱδֺһգٳ֣Ѿͷķ嶥֮ϡ
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šǺãȹȥɡһСġͷĬƬ֮󣬿ڻص
šҾͲһһ֪ͨˣʱ鷳貮֪һ
á
ݿ򶫷һ粽ʧ֮С

׷ɱʲôˣݱÿհٶǰȻ˸·ͬ٣ǰһ׷ɱֹԪģҲʲô
ģҲݵĳܷΧ֮ڡ
ٶһ磬һΣȴûһε档Ѿף£󲿷ֵĵطʵֺ硣޺УѰ
˵Щεޣκεš־Ϳɱ֮
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997 ·
ɻ󣬲˼һ֮ȴҡҡͷһΣ·
죬һ·ȥһЩɻ󣬱עһΧۡ漴Ҳ˼ͷеɻԼһЩҲûע⡣

ԽԽȺߵϢ޵ټԽԽ١
һգһƬã֮ϣչƣӦÿ쵽ˡţʶɨ˳ȥȻ漴ȴ΢һעĳһط
ǡԦիδ̫ԵˣʯǵĶƾʲôҪǣ
ھ֮⣬һӴĵ֮ϣһš
˫⡣һ棬һȺں䳤۵ˡһ棬ȴһһŮ
ں䳤۵ˣԼĪʮңһϢǿᣬԼҵΪһһŮͬʽǳɫ
ں䳤۵ˣһһŮΰΧסÿ˵Ŀ»ԣһЩޡЩϢ׳ȻҲƷҵƷס
ϸܷ֣Щ޵ȴͨǰ˱Űɱ¾Щͣ·Ǳĳٿˡ
ڴģŮӡ
Ůƶʮģ崿ˣԼʮսĶֺη壬һƬͨ죬˷ŭ顣
ٺ٣飬Ե߾֮ҿǶԵˣǲԵˣȡߣΪǺáҿǻǹԹԽｻñﷴɣѷƣǿɲҪ鰡
ʮ˵Уһһͷ֮ϵģݲϵߣȴǺЦĻ˶ǺôЦһĿˣζ
㣡ŮĹǺǺ죬ֻԷ޳ܵһ־ˣȡᣬУȻǱ˹Ĵ£֮һ԰˫ҲϣöԷ˵۾һȻðһ˿⡣
ŮòǷŭҲһֱ
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ҪҪսսѵ㲻ɣŮӺ޾ɫĴȵ
ߣǲ֪üͷһѹ¶һ˿ɱ
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˸ŮӣȴѾҧˡûйעԼʦϵԥԽʦֵ֣빲ĺ顣
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˵վûеĻ˵꣬һҧ̧ͷߵ뿪
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ٺ٣СӣʦҲѾȥˡûҵֵһ£ҪأԦիλ߶ʱĴЦ̫ǰһϷˡı£һԹϵǣ֣Ѿ㺵ʦãľѡֳɾ͸Уֱ޷
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ſʯܿȴΪʯԼʦֵĿʱЩص棬ʯھ˵Զһڳġ
󵺣۾һԴҹȥ𣿡
ܿԣһĨ۽ǵۣͷǰңС£Ȼڻ¡ǰǱ߲Զ
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ȺԼĪʮΪǿڶ࣬Ϣͨ޸Ͳ⸽ܿҲ⸽
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ռ䷨ԽңоԽ󡣺ռľ룬ҲӴ󣬽յٶȻԽ죬֮ܣҲԽǿ
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һƬã֮ϣһȺ嫹󣬺ǧ﷽ԲС϶ɡ˴ӿиȺһǧﳤľں֮ϣȺΰȻӦǣȻдϣͻͲַ
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1001 
ܿķٶȷǳٶȣʮľ룬Ҳһ£ܸϵȻûʱȴôãȻҲ޷ܿԽգǣȻа취ġ
ױֹԪеĵؽƷ౦ʱֳ
֮ǰɱֹԪⱦȴûб˼ݽ֮ѹѾΪı
ױпռ䣬Թ˳ݻּ䣬㽫ܿ˻ױУȫС
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ܿڱУȻЩ˷ܣһ˫۾Ҳǲͣܡⱦռͬһյķ䣬ǰȴֱӿ磬һ㾧赲
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ݵ˵ͷûоֱܾӾͳű߷˹ȥ

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ߣһӴɽɽľ졣
һ󣬽һӴɽУ˿Ҳʲô
ʱɽŶڴһȺǧͬʽˣڽĵȴʲô
һż˷ܿ
˵ĶһòӢͦӡϢӢƣȻǾڵǿߡ
ˣһܿĻ۾ʱжã
ǳǰĵؽƷԼӺͿԵִܿ˵Щܡ
̫ˣҲһܣȻ첽ߵԱߡ
ǱߣϢߣҲڵȴšһ뷢԰׵߿߹۾һ׷ʵ֣ô
ѾˣаʱͿԵִֱӿЦ
ããһܿ˴˰߶ʱЦܡ
ʧܱ꣬һʼɻ񡣵õɿϢѾƻһҪɷսʱλĵֱǼʱ갡ԱλߵУһڵҲһ˷ܵĿڵ
λ᲻ֻ˵ȻԸܿӦҲ᲻֪ܿ˼ֵĿԷǳĴ󣡵ΣһҪúõдλĲ䣡𣿣뷢԰׵֣صĴ
ǣ
ǽǧӾ㶼ĻشһϣҲܵĺܡ
ǶɵĵӣʧǿûѾΣѣʱһɽáǶԣֱѩ̿Ȼҵ
һ˷վãߣܿԼĸڶһڴվڶǰˣȴ
ֻƬ֮󣬺Ȼߣһ˵۾
̧ͷС
ˡﵱеܿȻҲ·ˡ
һĻʱһû뵽ɣȻŪôһų
󲿷ʱ䶼Ƕɾ͵֮Ҳˡ֮ģҲǼΪ޵ļˣδŰݷùʲô佣ڣҲδǿߵŵʢ£Ȼǲ֪һЩء
ЩŴɣʵǷǳǵġǿߵţĴڣǶжӳţݣģʾ𾴡
ɣеǿɣҲǴŴɡ֮佣ڣ㣬Ҳ̫ԶɽŴ佣ڵĻڴʵҲ˶ԶݲأɵˣɲҲ
ٽ뷢԰һ֣ɫׯϵĺȵݣģ
䣬ʱʹһݵ֮ԼĻ֮׳
һ֮󣬴ܿӷﵱУ˳󾲾˿С
ƽ飬ݼ棡뷢԰׵ߣһģ
ɵӣӭݰ٣һɵĵӣҲ񣬴ĺ˳
ⳡ棬м𺳡
ȻЩϰߣʵ˵ͦõġ
΢΢һЦƽ̿ˣĳͻأɲҪ²źá
ݾԸ˾һߣһɡƽͣݣ˿ͨĵǿԾģ
뷢԰ǰأǰ֣ɵܿʵ˴ǰ¸ԡֺͻأ¡һ˵ѱ¾磬Ϊǰϴǰ
Ϊﵽ˾ԲݲϣѾ֪˶ꡣҲ꿪⡣ݲ꣬ԷȴһһǰеʮȻ
쾳磬ִӲۡΪۡݵΪҲһǰ
롣
֮֮ݲδܾɵ롣
£һȺ˵Ĵӵ֮£ݽɵɽš
ɽŵУ⣬һɽȻɽ֮䣬滨ݴšȷһõط
Ĵ֮£ֱӷɵߵһɽĹ֮Сûʴѱϯɽ亣ζĿڷŰǰζ
Ȼʲõľλ֮ϣܿһԡ
ֵһǡݵһμ뱾ͬһܿ뱾һԣȥͬһԽûһ㣬м档
ܿϣʱ¶˷뿪ĵ顣


1002 ߴʤ
ܿڷǳĿģ棬ҲûмÿһǶѹһĴڡи׳֡
˵ɵʵ˾ͲΡһΣøλ桭λ滹ܺ˵һҲûСȻǿġ
Ҫٶʲô£ֻҪλɽõϢһȥɵΣͿԴȫ
СĵطͬļҡܹΪôһ⣬ܲģ
״ܿ϶ǴſĵЦݣһ˫۶гһ졣
ǰ롣
ݾλԼλߣܿĸ磬ס֮ƱǹݾơˣȻҲվ㶼ٱ
һģ⼸֮⣬ʮλ죬ǿߣɵĺĸ߲㣬ϯ쵽ſڡ߸Ů̷
˾ٱԱߵŮơǵɫҺʱȴһǾƺ¶һ˿ȣԪ𣿡
ҲûʲôܹõĳֵĶˡǰҪ롣һԿ˵
ЩĿһۣ漴Цŵ˵ͷӹǾƱ롣
һڣԪȥ
þơЦ˵
ݺԥ±оƣ۾ʱȻҲԼоһУȴǼ
ûûǿߣܵš
Ȼܿ˵λǿߺпǿߡȻȫšϾܿΪ̫ǿһЩģ˵׼ͿΪˡ
ΪһǴµǰɽŴȴݴһ󷨱֮ȴЩɻ󡭡
ȷǷȥͬһ㡣ݵΪȻǿ
һԪȴȷλǰǻʵ棡
һԼжҡ˵Ȼ㲻ʲôǾµôȣǼֱɱ
ûеԪеԽԲǿ߶űˣ
ݻö˶˵ԭأɫûкһ£Ȼ浱УҲ൱Ĵڰ
һһڵأ񣬻ǰˡ
һЦȴ˼ĻЦԪңɣһԼǧ顣ǽƷˡ
ôһ˵ɫʱ΢죬֪ԼһСĻȻǱʶƣЦǰ
ҡҡͷһЦû˵ʲô
֪ǰɷ䣬Ҳ÷ǳƺ鿴ݣѯʡ
ݿһۣЦޣһ֡
ޡݡһ䣬ַǳİŹ浱еκһλܿع񣬹Цԭǰ
ЦЦû˵
ЦЦû˵һһԱԿЦŵܿڵлǰܿ󡣡
仰ԱߵܿʱһһˮҲͣɻ󣺡ƽʦ˵ʲô
Ȼȴδܿǿݡ
ݶ˶֮һھƣЦܿܺãֱڿ죬ûЩʲô󣿡
ܿȫɻ󣬿ƽ̣֪˵ʲô
鿴ɻܿܿǰѣǰ󷢴ȱ㡣ºѯ֮£ȴĴǰ֮ԶѹأȴֲԵϸ˵ֻҪǰɡƭǰ㻹Ϊûд𣿡
ĻܿٶһȴʱվҡּңûаңҲǴƭǰġֻһʱ˷ܣ˵ˡңҡ治Ǵƭ˵˵ţܿǼᶼˣݣСһƬɷס
˺ˣЩС£αϸߣɡԣЦ˳˻֣ܿ
֮ܿǰ˵Ƿʱ򣬾ѾŪ˼СǼļƽЩͲܿ
ʵЩʲôģĲ̫ϡҪˣ˵˵ܼ򵥣ԼֻҪ㱩¶һԼʵȻ˵һδֹ̫Ԫʦ֪ǳóȻһβ֮УֻҪһЩϰ
ݵȻ鷳νһ²һ²ǣ
һ鷳ܿĸйҲ֪пܻһЩֲĳֻ֣Ҫ¶ˡ˵飬ֶֺΪ
˵⣬ġ
ȻֱֳܹһлǱȽõġ
Ҳԣ㲻ܰҵɵϲǣ
һͿԿʵһܴˡ
ܿףв£ԭ¡Ϊƽ̣ȴܲ¡ǰԼڲ⣬ȴбҪ˵ׯصҡҡͷǺ˵
˵ݣĵɣǰҲƵġʵɵȷΣѣв괫еɣиΣաȻţҲϧϧ̰֮ˮҲˡֻǣ׸桭һսȼұ޷Щ׸棬ֻҲһԡ
˶٣ڴĿݵԸǰСˣɶȹνѡ£ؽǰ
˵ţһڵء
ԸǰСˣɶȹνѣһɵĵӣʱҲڴĳһڵء
һ΢һ¡Ƭ֮Цˣ°ɡ
һݣмлǰ
΢Цϯλ
û̬ȴѾԸæ飬Ȼݳŵʲô
⻰һ˵ˣղǢԳԺȺȣò֡
ݱЩƵģЩ˶ɵΪ˵ҲͿģһҲʹ졣
ܿһ֮Ҳ䣬Сͨ죬֮ǰĿʡż͵ݵĿ֮УҲһ˿η
ҲΪ֮̾
ߴʤΪԽߣ˱룬ҵʵĸоˡ
˵ʱȻһһֵܣǵĿ̬ǲѿжԼҲηġ
ԼҲֻбƽ㣬̣ǣŻ᲻ںԼΪԴԼһ˰ɣаšзش󻪹ͷȴǸһЩ


1003 
ԳԺȺһʱ֮ϯݱǰˣëԼ֮ͬС
Ŀױܿ죬ȴʲôҲû˵
ݣ
ױ󣬻գʧ

һ˺ΰĳС
УԼĪʮݺᣬնҲ߼ʡй滮ϣȻ˳ӿƻͨϿգһ⻪ͬһҡҷ룬ַǷ
һֶʢٵϢȻ
ǣĳСһеռ൱һ󻪹ֱ޼ʡ
ݣ
һ⣬Ȼգӳգն
ؽƷ
ļ棿
ٿзеˣ⣬ǿϢǻ֮Ƕʱݣ֪ǵؽƷͷ²⡣
˷ڱǡ
ȻݵĻױ󣬱ռ֮У˵
ݵ˵ͷֱ߷ȥ
²ͣˣҲ̲סһۣ¶־֮̾ɫ
һУ൱ڴ󻪹ǰֱ붼롣·̶ֳȣֻе˿ڣҪ
Ⱥʮ󵺣ֻв̫һȺ˿ڣҪʮڣ
Ӵޱȡ
ݺȻһһ򡣶Ŀһ¶һ˿Цݡ
һʱ֮󡭡
ϾҪͻȻָǰһӴĸۡ
ȻĻδ˵ȴͻȻͣסˣֻѾңԶһӰվ˿С
һƮƮŮӡŮӵŵ֮У֮΢Цݣǳһߡ
ѩӣȻĿڡ
ع񣬻ױѾɵŮǰӰһӣױʧ飬ֱŮӵĸǰ
ѩ޵ѡŮӯӯףö
ݣӡ΢΢ЦŻһ
˾Ȼ·ʶ
ʱŻعϾ׹ǿֻ¸ղǱ˴˶ѾӦԷˡ
ɵ飬ѩ档æ񡭡
ѩЩĿһۣЦŵ˵ͷȻſ΢Ц롣
롣ݵ˵ͷ
£ڸѩĴ£ֱӳ·ȥ˸ۡĵС
ޣԭЦ򹧾վݵࡣ
ѿˣɵѿԸˣֶһܣѩ˻̸ʲôţѩȴҡҡͷ
ḧݰǰһ롣
һЦҲƷһڣ޵ò衣
֮ǰݾ͸Ӧ˸ѩϢû뵽⸵ѩȻҲ¾ȿںݴ˸кȻҲ̸֮˼˵顣
Ȼûм棬˵ȷѾʶˡ
޵ҪˣԱãֻ¼һӡ޵ѱǼˡ˷ˡ֪޵ѿ֪ѩûиķϻֱӾȡһö߲ʾƣЦ
ֻ֪ˡһЦ
ˣѩҲǿ󡣡ѩûж˵ʲôЦŵ˵ͷ֮󣬱ǻ֣Ǿƣ׸ݡ
סһȻֹԪһöûʲôͬͬǾӨ͸ڲСĸ֡
ûгɣֱ¼һӡʱԺж˲ٶ
ϸһȴ֣⾹Ȼй˵һЩϢеϢڲͣı䶯
Ժ˷ŵ񣬾㶼ֱӳ֮СʲôۻҲԴƸ֪޵ûµʱ򣬵ʱ̹עһ¡ѩЦ˵
ͨˣϢҲʱ̱á
˵棬һΣҲûʲôԼ֪ʮִ󣬿顣
ݴһȴǷ֣˹Ȼûʲôٺ֮ڵĺôȷвٵ񡣱ĳԵڵչĳҩչĳȵȡ
ÿһϢ֮󣬶һֱ֪֡ͨǱţÿ˶ΨһġͨƣϵͬŵˣǷ㡣
ݵıţ0258369ǲ̫еĺ塣
ݿһ֮󣬽֮Цŵ˵ͷˣ鷳ˡ
ˡѩ΢΢һЦҡͷ
ѾˣݵĿĴﵽˣվЦˣŸޣиˡ
޵ߣʱ䳣ѩҲЦվ
ݵ˵ͷ飬ֱ뿪˴
ˣϵĿٺɣûκεĲ
߳˵֮ۡ⣬üͷղΧûˣҼ˸û֪ɵ顭üͷ顣
鷳ǰˡѾ㹻ˣȴǸмĿЦǰûз֣ûע⡭ѵǰûע⵽Ժܱߣвٵڰô
΢΢һʶһɨȻղûע⣬ڵȷǷ˲ٵϢ
ҲڰУǾܱߡ
Щʵʵߡܲ˻ᣬÿһˣǾ棡ĸӣԻ΢еʵ֯߹ʱ̹עЦ˵ԣǰһ¶棬Ѿ㹻ǿǴӴ߳ģͻ֪ǰˡϾڲǲҽġֻ棬нʸ񡣡
գǰɽõ飬ᴫֻҪԦիɲԴѪɵΣϿ˵ѾȹˡЩ˵
ɵΣΪûأӵдĲƸ졣ĳЩʲôޡһǿ߽õϢһɢȥЩžͶҪˡΪôһ£һǿߣǷֵá
Ͼǲʶݣȴܲʶ顣
κһ棬Ƕѹһǿڡκһǿߡ
ݸղż˵Ĺ̿ȥƽͨʵ˵һ¡
ʵ
ʵǿˣеʱĳط¶棬ͿɺܴӰ죬ٲʿ䣬鷳
ЩпȻ̧ͷŵտһۣȴüͷ
ǰ˼ˣзֵ㣬ɫȥǱЪϢһ£ʱȴǿ˵
仰ͷһŤͷ飬֮˵ͷҲá
أٻױȥ
ʲô򣿡
ģڶϱߡڵ
ݵ˵ͷ»ױ󣬷˳ȥ


1004 
ֱױʧҹɫкΧ½˳
Щ龪ȣЩЩѿ
ƽ顭
ߵ˭ĺܡѵ½棿
ɽã
ϢҪѯ棬а취̽Ϣ
ϱ
ǵۣ׷뿪˳˵飬ҲԼٶȣ˳ȥУݵĻ

ˡ
ַ˰ʱָһӴ
ʵ̫൱һ󻪹ӳϵǱͨߣ߶ҪһࡣԺģҲһµʱܸϵпռ䷨ʵ˲ϢԵִκ޷һͬգֻͨױƶʱϣȷҪĲ١
ӴһƵꡣװ꼫ݻҹȴȻǵƻͨ糱ʮֻ𱬡
Ƶǰ¥Ժռʮ¥ÿһ¥ʮ㡣иʩ뱸ǰ¥ò֮ءԺܱߵ¥УһЩǲ֮жԺϷ̨¥һ㣬ֳḻʵҹ
ǰ¥ǽ⣬ɵġ¥֡â˸ҹҲҫҫԡ
˵֮ڶҲʱйâһ¥
ԼĪݺᣬһȴţòŮЦվࡣרŹǿ߳ĵط
ǵһݵ㡣󣬳ס˿ȴǲࡣ˽¥֮ڵĲҵǻ㡣ݽܵ
Ե˵ͷͺ佣ʶͬҲоݵһߣҲ⵹Ҳûʲô
֪ͨĸ˳ǡ鿪˵ȻüĴһâ˳ȥ
Ƭ֮¥ͨƬ̣һȺ˴ӭ˳
ˣǰȥɡ鿴Ⱥˣ˵
ݵ˵ͷ˴¥¥֮ϡ
ƽ̡ݼ棡
ӭһȺ˵У׵һݸ̬ߣݣڵؿи
ɵĵӣеλҲ൱ס֮ǰڵϯĩȻʶݡ
ƽ̣棡һˣ¥ĸ߲㣬Ҳ㶼ڵء
棿ˣ
ƽ̣飿һλ棿
ͻһĻΧٵĿ˿Уһǵɴ۾˲佫Ŀ⼯ݵϡ
ȻЩɣһĻЩȴҲҵæ㶼񻽵档
棬干ʲôطֻҪ棬ǶҪġ
¥֮ϵĿ˲٣٣ݺ׵¥֮ϣʱѹѹһƬŮ˵ϡ
ⳡЩȣ漴ǵ˵ͷɡ
ǣ
˶վӣ˺һͷʾ𾴡
ⳡʵЩϰߣҡҡͷˣȽȥɡ
ǡ
ͷǰ·һɵĵӣݴӵУ˽ȥ
ֱݵıӰȫʧ֮Щ˲˵̸
λ濴ȥİѵ½棿
ǻ֪Ϣʹˣʱ֮ǰƽ̴λ˴ھλȷϣȷ½ˣʱλƽ̳˵ʱֺȷ档
Ҳ֪λʲô֣˰
֪ɵð˵ԦիԵŵȼɣѾ׼ɶˡһӳһ½棬´ԼҪѹˡ
ģλɹϵôܸڣκðŵλΣԸˡ
棬Ƕ밡
˷׷ۡ
Щ϶¥ģϵǳϣеף֪ĺвǴĵӣѾۻᣬз֮УϢҲǺ顣
һʳ۷׷ףһ˵Ĵӵ֮£һİᡣ
棬ƽ̣ԺƬ̣ƲϾͿԱá麹˵
ʵû뵽ƽЩֲܶ鶼û׼á
޷ݵЦЦ̧ͷܣЦõĺܲ
仰˵˵ĴǽڹɳȺǱȽϺõľ¥ˣǺ¥ȽȴȶûȡҲ˵ܱûжԺϷԺһǲֳᵱеװ㣬Զ
ˡЦǫѷ
ݿһ֮󣬺ȻЩѯʵжٲҵ
ҵһ£æصڶĳǾ㶼вٵĲҵ¥Ǿһа˸ֵꡣ֮⣬УҩУʯеȵȡʮҵ
Զʱ¶˼־֮ɫû뵽ɵĲҵȻôࡣ
뵽
һֱ۲ݵ飬ʱͷһǰʲôҪģ
֮˵ͷ˵ҵȷмҪǰæҲʲô£ֻ΢Щ鷳
ǰʾ£ɱؾȫɣæ֣صĿ˵
ݿ֣ı飬ʱһЦʲô£ֻ΢һЩǰչһЩʯ治ǲģöپͶ٣Ҿһֻ֡ϲʶʲôˣ̫ԡ
û⣡˵꣬ѾͷҪʲôǰһϾȥ죡
˵һ˵һνǰȥһشΣѡΪЩʯҪǰƽϵĻɵ޵ˡ
⻰ȴЦ˳ҡҡͷ
ҪչɲʲôͨĶܷչ˵˵õҲԸֻۣ¼۸ҲֲľˡȻУЩʯóˣҲ˽ǡ
ȻֱʾѾ⡣ȻǼƽ飬ݵҲûж˵ʲôЦЦ֮˵ͷּ䣬Ӵȡһſհ׾ᡣ
հ׾չ黭һâ˸Աߵ˶ʱܵһɽһѹӭʱݲ԰ס
Բǿߣǲ̫ܡо㶼ޱȡλǰ̫ǿˡƣֻЩ΢¶һ˿ǾЩ޷ܣֱֱͬһͷ̫ޣ
ʱâɢԪǾ֮ϣѾֲٵּͼ
㿴һ¡ݽݸ顣
˫ֹĽ˹ͷһȻһ֮ȴʱһ濴ȥ
ϵ֮ˣʱɵˡò̧ͷЩεĿݣǰЩ


1005 
ôЦ
ı飬ʱޱȡ
ղŵĻ˵̫һЩû뵽ҪȻЩ
ձbʯˮ𡭡ƶʮÿһֶǼǰλǰ˵ģжնٵĻ㾡еĲֻҲδܹ°
ǻѾ˵ȥˣô죿
ŴͣһΣ졣
ݿ飬ʱЦּ䣬࣬һЦˣҲҪɰҳ飬ֻҪȫѰЩҲˡһǧǧ飬ţչǲҡ
ʱһû뵽ݾȻȲƸǧ飬Լ棬Ҳ赭дó˼һǧԣͲʲôӵи࡭
λǰʲôݣ
жʱ𺳣ݵݲ˺档
δ˵ʲôæĽӹ˴εĵǰ⡭
ˣȥɡ˵
ǡ˵ͷֻüðʮɫâ¼Ǵȥˡ
ʱʮɫ⻪ɻأĿ˸Ƭ̣󹧾ǰѾȥˡһ磬ǾͿʼѰҡ
ԣЦŵ˵ͷ
׼ľƲڶһʱ䣬Ʋζᡣ
ԳԺȺȣɫվ
һûһڵĺƵݣȻһ̧ͷ漴Ŀ΢һ¶һ˿Ц漴Ҳ⣬Ժȡ
ԼĪȥСʱ֮
Ԧի˾ͽȡЯְԵԵѡѣǰݷ½ѡѣһ𡣡
ȻһΰʣЦˬʣ˲ֺøС
ȻԭԺȵеʱȴݶʱ䣬¶˼ֻңݣǰ
ʲôݣȴ·Ȼ΢Ц
ݵ΢һ漴æ˵ԦիԵڣǵӵļ֮һһɵģɡ˾ͽԦի棬ԵԶɣڵơæܵ
Ե˵ͷվЦˣȳȥɡ˼ҵãܶɲǴ֮
˵ţ̧Űȥ
΢΢һ֮ȴһɡ漴һҧ׷ݣǰҪɡǰͱٹˡϾԷˡ
Ļ΢һüͷŤͷһۣЦȥ˵ɡ
˵꣬Ҳ飬Ȼȥ
̾һգҲֻøȥ
һˣֱܿߵ˶¥
棬ѾһƬ
֮УӰնǴݵվڿУͬȻɢſֲѹ
·Ľֵ֮ϣ¥֮ϣ԰ټƵˣˣĹڵء
һ£ù
λ桭˵ɵĵˣλ
һλ½һΪһϾóȻһλʵڲô㡭ڿƺô򵥣
½ȻɽãϾ𡭡һִȻİԻȥػλ½棬;һˡȻ͸һ㣬ǶҪ½һѹԶ뿪ɣ
ҿҲǡ
Щ˹Ĺڵأ໥ϤģȻʶ̸š
ȻǶ˺׾ͿԲ²ǵ뷨
λն·ʶҲ֪Щ̸ǡݣ˿Ϊơ
˾ͽһӲʵˣնĿ⵭ȻĿ·ֻżüй¶һ˿аϢԤ˱ȻĻ֮
ߣҲˡ
һɫƣΪһɫԴʰԵ
ǵǿߡ
ݴӶ¥֮߳һ۾ͿˡˣҲͬʱһ۾Ϳݡ
ݿݣʿȥͨͨ޷âԡȻһ߳ȴλĿͬʱͶϵ֮ʱ˼ͬʱͷһĿ¶˼Ȼ
̧ͷУ΢΢һЦλѣˡ
ݵĿڣΧеͷһֹȥλ½вηλ棿
ԭ޵ѡ˾ͽȡ˾ͽĿһ
Զɣ޵ѡ°Ե꣬Ҳһ֮ڡ
ƣ޵ѡ꣬Ҳֿڡ
˾ͽѣԵѣѡǺǣĳզû뵽λãʵĳܳƽĳλѲͬ΢΢һЦǿ롣
Աߵʱ΢䣬ĵ׶ԣȻǲԸдλģݿڣҲҷֻǹվ󣬴ͷ˵
λһۡ
ݿȥǲ
Ȼ˹ɼѾãҲ֪ûд̥֮
ʶ
ǰȷҪԷһѹ뿪ɣҪһ˻ˮһԷΪȻߣԲԶʤǡ
ȥ˵̥ĿԲ󣬱Ͼ׹ѵá֣δؾͲѹȾ˵
һ֮˴ɹʶ
ˣҵ˿ɾ߶ˡ˾ͽ˵Ŀ࣬ɹʶ֮˾ͽЦ
һΣֱӾ䵽¥֮ϡ
Ҳ֪ǲûпƺãһ£ʱǿҵĳΧٵĿˣλζݶʱˡȻվȽš
ǿҳֱӳݵ˶
ȻĿֱһʱ΢΢һЦ¶ۼһۣ롣
һۣʱӿӭǳʱ֮Ρȴ¶˿ļŮ½ǣûöһ¡
һ赭дĻֶΣÿһЩŵ˶ǾһĿ¿һ΢Цݡ֪λ½棬Ҳͨ
λ飬Ҳʱ΢䣬һۡ
飬ʱһЩĿݡղһĻȻҲǿеġ
롣
˾ͽ΢֮ҲЦĹ˹֣һˣֱ¥С
⡣
ֱ֮Ӵ𵶵λ֮ϣкһ
λ飬ȴʱ΢΢һ䣬Ŀ
λ֮ϣݣȻ΢Ц


1006 ѹ
һ˵дˣ㽫˰ڿλ֮ϣҲӦȴ֮ǽڿ˵ء
ȣں󣬵ͬݡʱŸոսţȴѾλʹһֳһǿơλɫȻʱЩѿ
ղһСС̽ȴ˶֪Ϊ֮ʱͷȻһ˿⣬Ҳû˱ֳһ֮󣬲ɫλ
飬ͷԸʹ졣
Ȼʹʹ죬ҲұֳıϾ棬ͬΪ棬ԲӡԲȴҸԷʲôɫ
鴹ͷվݵ󡣷ֳһհ˼
Ψһϣ˦ֲܣܴɵ͵֮ǰˡ
һŶĺˣλǰľƲʰ°ϡ
λȻɱе⣬Ͼ棬ٲҲҵ
ҪԪ𡣡
׼ȡһЩԪλϵʱȴͻȻԺ
һæ顭
ҲȻҲ¶һ˿Σ˵ͷ
ʱЩ
֪ǰŵģɾԪ𰡡
һ˵̫󣬷ͬϯʱ򣬶Ӧһͬʣͬľˮġ
˵Ԫ̫󣬲ͣҲǲСȴûиһԪ𣬸˴Ʒľˮĵ
ǿһһ
ˣǰͬ氡ǰԪȴǰšⲻǳĴ
ͷʱЩһ˵ʲôɾĽλ˰
εĵͷͷһԼҲ֪ǰ˼ˡ
̲ס͵͵һݡֻȻ΢Ц˿ʲô
һãݺݵһҧҲ֪ɵȫָǰˡ˼ȥ죬ǾǴ
ԼҽõһЩǴԼг϶һЩ
⼸ûѡ
ȡһֱ֮ԪҪľˮλǰϯ֮ϡԱŮæ֮ϡ
롣
ŮǵĶܿ죬ϣֱӶƱЦк
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ոոռˣ˱ǵŶбѹԼ˼
ݿɲʲôúȻ˵ǽڶԷҲ˵ǰ֮µġǶԷежԵ˼ͬҲš
˲죬ǶĿ֮ҪԼ̽Լô
ڸǱĻᡣ
һ˿΢Ц£ǰ֮ϣҲǿ˶١
λ̿ǰ飬ȴ·ʲôҲûз֣Ȼ΢Ц
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˾ͽȵԴתȻҲŭգתһ룬ȴ־ԡ΢һ֮ʱ۾˼ݣƺڴѹǣ
ţСӲ½ѣȻȥǿѲɻͬʱΪУԼǾԼ򾳱޵˰ɣҪҪɫԶŭŴ֮󣬶ʱ۾һɣ䴫
ҿסٲȻݲȣӣôԴˡԼΪǶΪѹԲ㲻ɫɡƵһüͷҡͷ
ߣǶѵǸȾģΪѹʧٰ꣬ɾԻбݡų֮µһõݳһ׹ͣٵ򾳶꣬Ϊûк׹ѵԸԵԶȴǺѯʡ
һ仰˶ʱͷһ
ų֮µһǿѨ硣Ǵս֮ƶϳġ򾳵֮ĵһ֡ȺĵǿߵУҲȽǰʮӵ׹˵ĵǿߣͨĵǿߣʩչʸҲûСڰǰǿǵһɣǿƥ
Ѿǰŭħ㶼ѾѶ˼
ֻΪɵԴɵԴҲ˿٣Ϊ£λ
˾ͽȳĬƬ̣ŴٿͷЩأҲֶ֪ΣóȻΪ
΢΢˵ͷԸ㣬ΪԶüͷһҲûٷԡеĹͰԵޱȣһȻѾŭ
ͬʱݣȴһʱû˵
ݼ˸ʶȻ̸֪۵ݣҲܲ²һ
Ƭ֮󶼿ԼҲûȻ˼һ۾һ¡
Լһϲ̫ͣʱ䣬ûЩϹĥ䣬Ҫǰŭħһ̽һ֮Ҳʲôѿı飬̾һˣҲȹˣǲżɽ˵ɡλǶֻǺĳ˵˵ô򵥰ɣ
ݿˣ⻰ֶʱһȻû뵽ݻôֱӾ˺˽
˾ͽɫһ˲֮ͻȻЦһ޵Ѽ棬ȴû뵽޵ѵһˬ֮ˣ˿ҲգҲͲƵһˣĳҲֱ˵ˡǰȷֻΪ޵˵˵һĿġ
˾ͽ仰ȴ˵ģһ˲
ݳէʶκˡλóȻţԤǵĿʲôˡ
飬ʱŵĿݡ
˵޷һЦ鵹ĺܡ
˵֮ǰĳһһ仰Ҫ޵ѡ޵ѿ֪ԵԼɣʵг϶ģ˾ͽһЦĿӹΧɵˣǵܵɱΣһȺСɾͲˡ


1007 ˺Ƥ
˾ͽȵҲ˼ά֮ˣ֪Ѳ⣬̫öԸʶҪȷֻɵĹϵ
⻰ʱףҡҺãҺԼѾе鶼ǰˡĻԷһ仰ǰ϶˵ֱӷٰ֮꣬ɣҲᾡľˡ
Ҫ֪ǿģ¾ǱɱŪˡ
㲻صѲġƽѾ齲ˡݹȻ΢΢һЦ˵
˾ͽԶʱһɿһۣߣ鵹һ˲ţȻ˵ˡ
һĻ
뵽˾ͽȵɫʱһ䣬ԭ΢Ц飬ͱһϢʱȱ컹졣
ֻ˵޵֪һ˻ˮȴҪˣ
˾ͽȵͻȻգʱһ̡µˣֱӾ亹ݲ԰ס
Ȼȴ뵽˻ͻȻһĻȴ˿ΪƵЦ˾ͽѴԿɾЩˡôɽ񣬱Ͳɽˣ£ĵ
仰۾ʱ΢΢һԵԶɶʱǰһ˵ҵɵĶԹ޵ѿǲʣ
Ե⻰ĳ͸ɻˡȴһɻĿԶɣĳѣѣӦ໥ֵôѵԵѣͻԹۣ˵ˣ˵һȵĿԶɣ·𲻿˼顣
ƨѣĳԵȫӪȡԶɶʱƿڴȻ仰һ˵֮ʱɫһڣ֪ǱݵϷˣһ˫۾ʱð⡣
ʵԣԶпֻãû֡ѣʲôܹ
ȻǾ˵ġΪˣмüֵݵĻðɣŭ쳣
һЦԵѲˣĳȻҲǡѣĳȻܲˡ
˾ͽȣԶԼƵɫ˲øѿһݣݴӽŵڵΪ޲ʾûнǷУ
ܲŭ
ǿǵǿߣ棬๲Ĵڣߵʲôطȥǰӵޣ
ǰǾȻǰγԱ񡣵һڶԴθֱӴһʱ䣬ŭˡ
ݲ½ˣԼСطһ򾳾޵µĴ˰ɣ
˵޵Ҫˣ˺Ƥ˾ͽȵҲûôˡĿ
˾ͽѴԵЩⰡȴһΣĳէȻѶ˵ġ˾ͽѣԵѣˣҪѣȻǻϲĺܡλڶҪĳѲҪ۹ѣó֡ȴ˵ĳҪλԡ֪ĵһɻ
мָ̾ôһЩ˵˼άڲͬڵŶеǳǿ֮£Ǳ߳ŭﻰ˼ͺǲǿԼǶƵġ
ⲻܡ
ȻԷʣ˾ͽȴ߳ŭΪ棬ͰԵˡΪֻҪԼģǾԼȥЩ
һֻⷬԷڳڽʱŭ쳣üˣҲûʲô˵ˣڲʩչ֮ɣĳ޵ֶΡֻ֪޵ѵֶΣԼһϬ
˵仰˾ͽһվֱӾͳȥ
ԶҲĮĿһۣȥ
Щε̾ǺοأĳĲԸλΪСϣλٿһ°ɡ
仰ʵ𣬱ͲࡣϹ壬ʱܳȱһ𣬾͵ȱһս
ϧЩ¶֪ͷȴֻڶ˿Ĳѡ
ҵҲԸ޵ѽֻϣ֮ɣܹ㡣˾ͽѾߵſڣݵĻ¶һ˿Цﳤȥ
̾ûٶ˵ʲô
ȻеЩΣ֮ĳˡݵҲĴ
ǰ
ǿ뿪ˣȻ֮еɵˣȴǽһҷһ¡ղλŭʱѹǺܡ
黹ǵǵĿݡ
޷һ΢Цڵ񣬾ǽҰŵĶչҲˡġȻҡ
ȻɳͷȻûа·˱ܵĵ
гı飬ȻǿǣգҲֻܵ˵ͷ
ڣɵݵˡ
Ǽݾ˾ƱЦ˵·ҵ飬˿ҲûзС
Ѿܳʱûʳù˼ʳ¥շǳʳҲǶѵõζǽʳЩղܵ˼

̫ˣ
뿪ᣬɫѿ첽С
Զɡ
ղһԻɺһָڿӵ˼Ȼŭ
ߣţ֪ʲôطСɫˡеʵ޵СС󣡡˾ͽһĮڡ
ҿݲ򵥣òҪСһֱû˵ƳƬ̣˵
򵥣ѵǿԶƵĻʱЩжݿ񵽼£⻰ȴгԷ˼ȻķУ˵ѹҲܶ൱ҾͲҲƽı̬
Զ˵ţȻУŰ׺ݵĹâ˵ʲôҲΪһݣ׷
⻰ҲĬȻлǾݽյıЩɲ⣬ջûж˵ʲô
¾ôˡҲȥһ¡ֱ֮š˾ͽһ¶ɱݲҲͰˣĳˡҲݹҵ飡
ԶҲͷ
ƳĬãҲ΢΢˵ͷ

˵䣬Ѿߵ¥¥㶼ٶ˵ʲô
¥ˣʱˣʱһæڵأ棡
ͷʹ죬Ƕ˵һ֮ƿնȥʧߡ
ĿʧУ¥֮ϵˣȴ
λôˣȥɫѿ
Ǻܷŭӡ
ղŲǱ½ȥôŶðôͳˣ
ѵ½淢ͻˣ


1008 ɵķӦ
ɣλ½治ôĵӰɣֻһˣߣλ氡
ǰԦ棬Ե棬ˡ档½棬ͬʱˣ
λ½棬ʲôݰ
˶ȵĵۣ󶼶ݵݣȤ
ȻʱԼûа취֪ˡ

ʱ䣬һжԵüΪƽЩģɵж
˵û˿춯ȴĴչ
һƮɽ
죬ľ
ﵽһͷͷ޵мڿзӣߡŹֵǣһЩȴЩ޵ԣЩޣȴ˿ûйǵ˼
һƶ֮ϵƷ֮ϣһݻĹ⣬˾ͽüͷ壬ǰһԦիװꡣ
굥ϥأһͷʮɸߴݡʱ˫ͣվԭء
˾ͽȵѯʣ깧صǵ档ǵеδлسļ󣬶Ĵչװ磬Ԧիµչ
չһЩʲô˾ͽȶʱüͷѯʡ
Ӱд̽һһ嵥ĿԼĻУȡһ
˾ͽһѽ˹ȥͷһüͷʱ
һʮ
ռ䡭˾ͽȿһ֮󣬶ʱǷֱʮȴ
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ЩҪչֻ¶ҪѼĴۡɣȻ˴ЩҪĹͷ
ԡҪҪ
˾ͽĿʱ΢΢һ뵽ݡ
ҶԣҪЩλҪ
˾ͽȳ˼Ƭ̣ͷ֪ˣȥɡ
ǡ
ǰ˹һݣݣָһ˫͵۾ʱһһתͷԾƷ壬Хȥ
˾ͽĿ뿪֮ȡơ
ɵĶǲû
ֱӴ˵
ˡչռԼе
ʱԶɵ˻
ԼӦйءƵҲ
жϵһ˾ͽҲ˵ͷüǿ˵Щʲôã
̫Щ㶼ǣҲԳ¡˵һչҲ˵ж٣Ǿն١ķѵĲƸ൱ľˡЩֻ¶ǸмôԶɵһʱ䴫
ҲһԿȻȥĲֻ´ͷǵļƻ費Ҫʱһ£ڶݵĳĬ֮󣬿˵
ƵĻ˾ͽҲ΢Щ
ܹóʲƸˣȻô򵥡
ʲôߣǲƸһЩˣ˵һ£ǲˣǽɱˡϾͿԵõĲƸԶɵʱȴЩ̰
˾ͽһ۾ҲһȷʲƸǶ۲ܹó֤쳵ҡܹ֮ɱõĲƸô
ɶԷʲôֶҲȷɱȥǲЩ̫ðգԶɣȴԵý࣬δƸɱ˫ۡ
ô죿֣ҪˣԶɶʱЩŭĿڡ
˾ͽüͷҲһ塭ȷǱҪõֵġ
һ֮˾ͽһˣˣʲôУҿ磬׼ʱſڼϡݸ
˵˾ͽжʱðһ˿ŨɱǾսɡʲô£
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ƵڶݵĳĬ֮󣬲Ŵǡ˵꣬û˶
˾ͽһĿ⿴ǰޱõƺ³һҲ֪Щʲô

ǰչ˲٣ҲչһЩռԵҲǳĺҲԼҲֻˡ⡭
¥ڣһż䡣õر֮󣬹ݻ㱨
һֱż䵱УԼĵĻ㱨۾ȴһչ˶
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һһ顭൱һԪ𣬵ȷǰĹ֡
ȴаϲ
еҲҡʮ飬ͻȡÿǻĺܡ
ϾֶһСһĵطҲûضȥ
һһö㡣һ幫ҵԼưöҡ
ʱѾˡ
ΪϲһöӦòԱ֤ܹ󻪹ܱ߲ǡ
ֶƣЦܺáչɡ
ǡ˵ͷ漴ȴɫЩһ£վǿڵǰλ桭
ԣȻ֪ڵʲôһЦҼȻӦҪɣ;ʳԡİɣáգǳɽ֮ǰҡģͲȹˡ
ʱһҪ֪ǸϵɣǵؽƷбҲúķСʱ䰡λ浽ɽǰλǰɣǶҪˣ
æǰɣǵǸʱ򣬲棬ǲǻˣʱ򣬵ʱ򡭡齹֣ʱȴֲ˵κпܴŭݵĻֱת
ݿ飬Ȼ֪ʲôһЦİɣз˲ϵ
ǡ黹˵ʲô
ˣȥɡݻЦ˵
죬ջһ̾ˡ˵꣬˳ż䡣
վżſڣ鿴żţУȴӿŨŨΡ
ǲݣţ
ʮľ밡˲ϵǿʲôЦ
ѵѵǰܵǰλѹԼӦԼˣʵȴѾ㲻һ˻ˮˣ
վԭأãȴȻת뿪
ǰλ氡ԼֻҲѡܱ
֣ȥ׸棬ʱ˱ܵɽ֮СմսһϴǴӺɽ뿪㱣ܡ
֮Уֽ˹ɻ֮Уȴһ󻺻˵


1009 ѹ
ʲôֶʱһǰ𣿻ʲôս
̾һдŸӵͳǰԼˡ
ô£кܶ˶ڰǰչﰡôֶ֣ܲʱ󾪡
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˵֮һ֣صĿ֣뿪֮󣬾ȥúı𣬽صϡܿһͬ뿪
ǡֻ˵ʲô
ɡ洫µ㶨ҪܺãڱʶĹЧԱ֤ܿ֡齫һöâ貵ˮݸ֡
ִĿǰˮۿʪ󣬽˹ȥ
ȥɡ˻ֿ֡·ͽȻ˵Σʣչڵأͷ˳ȥ
Ŀ뿪龲վԭأ֮һ̾˫

ֽ飬Ȼǲ֪ġ֪ȻҲ˵ʲôֻЦЦ鲻Ͼǡȵλɽ֪ͨ
˭¶ΪֻӰˡʮľ룬˭ڶʱϵ
鲻ţҲ
ҲֻԼ֪ʮľ룬ԣʮϢĹˡ£ȻҲŸ͡ʱ֣Ҳˡ
ʱż֮У˵öˮ˳ŸϢ
ݷǳ֣ʱʱ̶̿˵ĳԱ淢Ҳǧٹֵġ빲ͬŭħģڵģѵ챦ģгۼƷġܣһ㡣
ˮȺˣǵһ
˼һ֮ҲˮĲʽԡ
һȻչǶʮֻչϵģҪ㶼ʮֵĺ󲿷ֶڵǿߵСҲյò١
ڶǷһ͡
Ϲ
ܹṩϹģһȷǧܷһֵģǧ飬׹һ
׹ӵе˲̫࣬ӦЧаֹ
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ͷȻ˵ȴǿԿȺǿ˵׹ӦǷǳѵõġ
Ҳ֪᲻յЧ
аֹ
жֿԲ̫ϾϹҲֻô޵ļʮݡڹɳȺܹõһϹľһϹŽѾǳ֮ˡĸӦò
ûһӣһֲ⡣ҷŰɡ
ţѶϢ֮һֱڵȴ
Ծȷǲ٣ϢܿͱûУԵ÷ǳۡһʱ䣬Ҳû˷֡
һ֮εҡҡͷ˾ơ۾Լĵ򡭡
ʱ䣬ôȻ˹ȥ

ա
峿
ҲѼӲˣһˣǲҿս
ҰС
ƺƵɫĶ飬Ұ֮Сɫˡ
ԶɹЦУ൱Ŀο
ߣáǵĿҲֻҲһҪݹȥ˾ͽҲЦݡ
յϢҲΪο
¥Ѿҵ߸ֻҪ뿪϶ǵߡݻ¥У鶼ڵء
Ǿɿʮľ룬ڲºܹˡ
Ҫ̫⣬ݿȥǹڵˡֶΣǶ֪СΪáΨ΢΢ü󿪿˵
Ҳ̫ˡҳΪѲ⣬Ҳʵս˵ѹһˣѵ޷ѹסԶȴüɫ裬мЦ
ã˵ǳ˾ͽȴЦ
ֻһ֣ʱһҾ޴ƾոֶ
޴УӴޱȣɼˡ
ǵؽƷı
Ǵ
˾ͽȺȵ
ƵɫĵǣӦٵķǴ
ЩӾ㶼ϵĴڣշСٶпûⱦҪϵɣֻҲúü죬ʮʱ䡣
ıһǵһأ
ؽƷﰡֱҲֻˡ
ǰʲôʱΪ̶ֳܵȣǾ̫ˡ
ǴĹ̵УӶǼ۷׷ס
Ⱦ޴ǵĲΣǺܹӴġ
ܿģ˶Ǵϣһվڼװ֮ϣ·Щ
ߣ
λҲ˴ȥ˴ͷ˾ͽȻһ֮һ
ʱ޴һɹ󣬽ɴСˣ޴һѹˣХ϶ʱľ˴
ݵ֮󡭡
ݣ
޴Ȼƿնȥٶ֮죬ֱš

ɡ
ɽŽգڴѾιرգϣ޷ڵλá
ɽŸɽ֮ϣЯһɵĵӣھĵȴš
üͷ壬гţϣһ뱯׳
վǰؽҧ
ʱȻţܿģȻҪˡ
о޴ٽԦի˾ͽȵĵؽƷţ
ȴţһȻķصԼɵĵӣ㶼һ̧ͷ
һɫ˲ò԰
Ȼˣ
ҧأһڵȥ֣ǴӺɽ뿪
ǣһæһҧһ⣬ʧ
Ťͷ
ǧɵĵӡһ£ݲ԰ףؽҧ
գɵ֮աһ䡭𣿡Ȼڡ
ǧɵĵӻһһۣҧ£
£ȴЦΪʲô£ƽ̣Ҳ˰ϾĿλ棬ԶǵɾӢ
ĻǧɵӶʱһȻĿ
ǣ𣿡ЦǺ£Сͻһι𣿡
ûͶǻṥɽţҪͶ֮أ
ǻȳһ㽫ۻĻҵһգǻὫǵļ԰ƻһݶ£
ţҼ԰ɱˣҸǣĳҲԻô
飬ƽ̡£
Ҫ鹣ͱ̤ҵʬסҪɱˣͱȾҵѪ
ǡ𣿣Ҫ𣿣


1010 ţ
ƽǸϽ뿪
ɽ֮ǰսǰԱʱԵӣѾ˺ɽ
ɽʱѾΪǧ׸棬ĵȴڡ
ɵĵҵ֣ܿվһ϶֡
ġǰһһֵġܿ⻰жʱˮҧָȭָⶼס
ֽҧأҪͬƽ̵Ļȴòס

ʱһƵңԶĺԶɽŷ򴫲ֻһз⡣
ߣ
͵һͷ¶˾ġ
磡ܿ
ǰԼǲˣڣڣҧ˵š
ģġǰӦ˵ġӦ˵İܿŵҡͷ
ǰԷ棬ǰˣҲܵס߰ɡҧأ˵š
ǡ
ûʲôǵģܿ˵ʲôȴѾƽ˵Ķԣ쿿أ翿ɵĳޣͿˡ
˵ţȳǰȥ
ȥܿǰŵӵ˵һ䣬תһâɽŶȥ
ҲҪμս
ܿվԭأԺУȴȫݡ
档
ǰӦġ
ϴ
Ծϸ߿գֱӻּųһҴ
ǵؽƷı
ңҲҪϴҪҵ

ԡϴϴ
·ٺͯŮӣһƬǶɵӵŮ
ͯȻڴǵǿ֮£Ǻܿ춼˴
ܿҲ֣˴ȥ

ѹˣԶɽ֣Ӷȥ

κ˿ɵѾΪ˶֡
ؽƷĴ󴬣ɵɽŷѹƵ׺ϷʵĿ⣬ңǲɽš

ǣϣ¥
ż䵱УȻ
ǰ
𣬾еݡۣڵɡ
飬Ŷ롣
Уһ
ߵݸǰĵȥ˵ǰЩʱչԼʣ顭һ¡
΢΢һ˹ʶһɨ֮ЩЦֻôô
鹧ĵֻô㡭Ѿûʱ䣬ʮҵմԼҲҪȫ֡лǰǰճ棬ΪմϢֻ֮ǽҲ޷ǰʲôˡÿ궼һʢᣬ˳ֵġԼʮյʱ䡣ʱǰйȥ˵׼
Եúǵͳ̬ȻȴһƬƽյļꡣ
ݺεȴϻۣ飬ʱ֪ⷬΪԵˡ
ݶʱʧЦһѾȥˣ
΢΢һͷλ棬ǰֻ֣Ҳ޲˶ǰҲⲻȥ
û˵˼Ѿˡ
վ̾ЦǣȻǲ̫ҰҲǣңֻҲšҲգڿ쵽ɽſ˰ɣ
ʱ΢΢һ״̧ͷݡ
ҼȻӦǣȻͲʳԡʱ֪ͨңȻҲҵĵЦһȴ̧ͷ૵˵ġ
˵䣬һգʧ
Ȼһȴǰ飬ʱһȻĴԭأɴ۾
ʧˣ

ɿкЩòŮӣһΣһҪʹ죡
Ǹģһǿϳ˸һΣһҪ׻ɱл궼£
û

޴ĵؽƷɴ֮ϣɫεĵӣ۷׷סһ̰׺ݣɱ졣
գ֮սҪȫȻɱŨ
ɣͬƬɣȻһЩĦܶˣ໥Щ϶ΪڶȻҲҪһ˽
λ棬ڴͷңʡ
˾ͽⱦķٶȷǳĿ٣ʮǵɽžʮһķУѾִ
ӣݵȷǷˣҲûд뿪¥Ϣ
վڴͷȴʶ
ĻȥáԶɺЦݵĵ⣬ʤ˾ͽơ
õ˾һͬ򣬽֮һ˵׼ܹ׹żԶЩڴ
˾ͽƵҲ¶ڴ֮ɫ
ˣǾͺˡ˾ͽ૵
׹˾Ϳֱӵõǣˣ͵ͬʧȥɣûĻᡣȻԸ⡣
Ⱥ֮ϣ֮⣬ָطԵõ׹ڲȺϳ֣ҲǹڣʮۡǸû㹻Ĳ򡣴󲿷֣ջҪ˵С
ʵܹݳ׹ԼûаաĿǰܹ뵽顭ΪˣȻϧѪϴɡ
ˣ
ţ˾ͽȺȻһ۾Ŀ˵
ҲŤͷȥ¶Цݡ
ԶɽСɵɽţˣ

ɽŴһɱսɵӣȴš߸ֳһҾ޴ɴʱ˶һսеɴ۾
Ȼʱ飬ȴ·ڷĿն
ƽ̣ƽ̣
һ˷쳣
ôŻع
ˡȻɻ󣬲ָſУ˵
һŤͷ˹ȥ漴ͷҲͳ
¥һĻޱȡݿղȱ£ҲŹǶ쵽۾ĳ̶ȡЩƿռ䴫ĸо
ֻ漴һ룬ȴҡҡͷ
ռ䷨ƿصַ֮һԲôΪƿصġ
뵽ͷҲӣһƽ٣޷ˡ
ҧһԵͳͽţɵĺöǣվǿɵ硭ȻҲҪǸ㹻Ĵۣ
𣡡
ͳȴķɵǣǷ
ʯֱ죡
¡¡
޴ķɴɽſڣͣƵΣӵз˳
飬ţɽţ־ܣ


1011 ִ
˾ͽȣԶɣˣն˾ͽȵƺƵ֮ըա
ٿɽţ־ܣ
ɫĵǣһɴƣڣһƬѹһ
һɴγƣǶ赲
˾ͽȣɾ㣬һ档ʲôҪɽţҴɽ־ܣҼڵʱòҲӲĹˣҲʲô𡯣ҪţҴУǾͿûⱾˣ
Ҳȥˣңңɽŵдȴǿߣġ
˾ͽȫû뵽ǰһؾص飬Ȼ˶Թʱ۾һɣǺ죬û³һѪ

ʱŭգ۾˲졣
ҼȻˣµ⽣ҲֻèƵ˵ġ⹷ôЦַſһеĺ
ɷϷ򣡣
˾ͽҲ̲ס˳
ֻͷ֮ϣͽȻһƬɫ棬һͼʱ˳ȥ
䣡
ͼһſաأȻһ١
һȶֲѹʱء
䣡
ɽ֮ϣʱڿգ
ݣ
ʱԭͨɽɽţͻȻһƬʡһ콣⣬ӿʱ䣬ڿлһƥĽâֱ˾ͽͷ­նɱȥ
ϹϷҲοµһꣿ飡
˾ͽŭ˼£âŭһʱѹ˲䣬㽫ǽâס
ž
ǽâȻֻƬ̣ջǺڿȻ飡
䣡
һת˾ͽȵĲٿ֮£ݺݵײɽ֮ϡɽȻһԲǧĵ棬ֳһ˿ѡɽ֮ϣѿһ˿϶
ƽ̣
һĻɵĵУʱݾ䡣Աߵˣʱ顣
Ҳҧء
̫ǿˣ⽣󣬸Ͳܵסġ
ɱ׼ɡˣѾûлͷ·ĿĶſУ󿪿˵
˶һн
Ȼǵɫ԰ޱȣڵ֮£ȻдӻȻоͬɽһѹ
ɵֵ
飡
˾ͽŭ˼£һԲСֱ⹷ֱ
䣡
ɫͼͬǻЯȻƣֱӾͳɽźȥһ⻪ĽɽţȻ
ɱһ
˾ͽȵɫڵ˼£ɱ죬ҪѪϴɣŭ
ɱ
ߣҲǿҵĺɱҪطˡ

ֱӳѿ϶ɽгɱȥ⻪죬ɱⰻȻˣҲЯһǰţӭϣһ˫
һɱۿҪչ
ˣ
Ȼʱɽ֮ǰͻȻһŤţһѹŵϢȻ˿
ѹֲޱߣֱ֮ͬѹһ˵ķ˲ңееģҲǻһȫ޷ԼΣӿмҪȥ

ô£
ʲô
˶״
Ȼǿߣ޷תֱӴӸ߿׹䣬пֱˤġ
ѹǿҲȫѹ޷жٿԪǱ֮һȴǵɴ۾ŵĿǰ
ʲô˾ͽȣԶɣǿߣͬҲǴһ֡
ѹǶеһ˿ļ£
ô£
˵Ŀ⣬ѹķȥ
ɽ֮ǰУһΣϢģ˳
һۣڷյĿꡣϴŵ΢Ц֮ȴǰվԭء
ȻӰ֮˾ͽȣԶɣ˵ϣȴ¶˼벻ŵ顭
ݣ
ݣôݣôݣ
˾ͽȣƣԶˣɴ۾ȫš
۳ڷգݿ֮߳ˣ֮ǰλ½˳Ա˭
⣬ô£
˵Դһʱ伸޷ת
ռ䷨򣿣
˾ͽȺȻһһ૳
ݳһĻ
ǷǴ֮߳ģ
ѵѵݾȻƿ˴˵ΪƿصĿռ䷨򲻳ɣ
ҲɵԭأԭΪһսɵ֮ˣݵͻȻ֣ȴͬһ⣬ɢͷơ
ѵѵǰĶÿռ䷨򣿡
ʮϢ֮ǰǰ¥ĿõġȻʮϢʱ䣬Ȼͳ
ѵѵɣϣ
飬ͻȻĻ
ǰ
̲ס˳
еŤͷһִۣһŨǸ֮ʱȴһЦ΢΢˵ͷᡣŤͷĿ⣬˾ͽȣԶϡ
λѣּˡ
΢ЦڡݣȻҪɱǹϵܲطһ㡣
ƽż͡ȴƺƵʮ֮˶С
ݡ
еĵǿߣһ֮󣬻عж¶ŵ顭
ݵʲôˣ
⣬ͬʱ˵ϡ
ݳֵ̫𺳣ղһݼŵĿֲѹǣҲ¡
ݣȻһ㣡
а
֮ǰĳѾ˵ĺˣΪλǲȰأ½ңҲ١Ҳգһᡣȥɡ
̾е𺳡Ȼ⻰ȴһ
ʲôʲô
ʲô½ңʲôҲ٣
˸ãȻ
Ȼ֪ԵģϹ弴顭飬£ҲֻЩӴϹʱŵ˲ſ֪ܵˣȻ޴֪ġ
ԣǶ仰ɻ
ֻǣһ䣬һᣬȥɡ仰ǵ˸סݵĳĬ֮˵Уȴʱӿһŭ
̫ˣ̫ˣԶɵһŭ죺Ϊ˭̥ǿ𣿻һ᣿ˣѵ򲻹һˣ
ԶɱǰԵԸ֮ǰݵһѹݿ˳ˡⷢԷθһ仰ֱڶмŪȻ͸ӷŭˡ
Ҫ⣬ҿݺƿ˿ռ䷨򡭡ͬһ㡣ƽ
ƿ˿ռ䷨ΣҲκβѵκεǣ˵ʲôȥĻֱǿ벻̣ɱҲҪһҲǵԶɶʱŭ


1012 ǿѹ
ղɢһ˿ϢҶ£ͼ΢ɼĵͬСɡҽӳ飬ݱ档ƳĬƬ̣˵
׼죬֣ŪôƹѵҪΪݵһ仰ͻ뿪ŶҰԵŶ𣡡Զɶʱ
ֵ˼Ҫһ߷ԵùӢۣҲԶɵŭ𣬻Ҳ
˵ʲôԶɶʱŤͷŭĿơ
ôûݶҪԣһƳ
㣡
ˣû˿Ҫң˾ͽڿŭȣ˵Ļ
ߣԶһͷȥ
һȴû˵
ݵĳĬ֮˾ͽͻȻһݿȥȷ֣þͲĶ֡Ҳ˵Ķԣ˺ܿƿؿռ䷨򣬵죬ҪսҲôˡһαҪɱˡͬʱ㲻һʱռıϣֻҪѹһ˲ǿϵؽƷδؾͲֱܽ£
˾ͽȵĻԶƵ۾һ
ãô죡ԶӦ
Ҳڳ˼һ˲֮΢΢˵ͷ
Ȼˡ˾ͽһԶݡͻȻҵɱɱ

Զɵһʱ䷭ּ׳һⱦ屦ͨɢ߲ϼ⣬â˸䣬ֻһȣȥ
ʱֻ屦ϵ߲ϼ⣬ͽȻǣ߲ƥֱӳݼȥٶ֮죬ֱ˷ӦʱҲûС
һ߲ƥûգ·Ҳ˲һ㡣
ͬʱĵҲȻչ֣򣬺УƸǶһ˴׳ֱӳͷնȥ
ɱ
ͬʱ˾ͽƣҲȻֱݡ
˾ͽжһ쳤ߣâ貣ˣǵؽƷٶȿ쵽£˲ӹʮľ룬ɱǰֱͷ­һǻʵֻݶʱҪͷ­Ѷ
ĵͼҲһ¶ȿֲ𣬴ӿз£ݡ
Уһ˺ɫǹǹڹƣֱͬΣһɺɷǹУֱѡҲɱС
ĵͼɫͼͼһʱͼһ͸磬ݣҪ֮С
ǿߵٶȿ쵽˼£ȻǾϡһжͬˮϵ޷졣
ֲѹһ˲䣬˳ȥѹ˷Բ£һȻ԰ף·ҪѹϢ
ǰ
ʱ˳ݲ԰ѪҪæԪһʱ͸оһɽѹʱһһѪȻһ˫۾ȴȻɴУǾ
Ȼһɵ˾״ݣȴû˿ı仯
ж㶼ɱУУȴ΢΢һ̾
ķŹˣȴ·𲢲Ըĺ⡣
Ȼˡ
ݵĿУһ˿ɱ
ΧĿռ䱻߲ƥ̣һ͸ܵˡȻҲû롣
˫ͫȻ֡
֮䣬һɿֲļµѹ˲Ϣ֮䣬ΪԲģɢȥ
ʲô
𣬶ʱһ
ɱ
˾ͽУͻȻӿһɿֲΣݶʱһף
Ȼ̫ˡ
ǵٶȣ깥ٶᲢۣ
кڰ˫ɫһ֣ǿֲѹһʱ깥ֱ˵ʶȥ
飡
˵ĵͼںڰ˫ֵͫһ˲䣬ǱϢѹѡǵʶݿֲ깥֮£˲
޵У仰˵˵ѣ
ԶԶдŨľʧȥ˹߲ƥʱʧӰ١߲ʹҲʱŵȥ
˾ͽϴޱȾֵ飬ʶ飬ɱݵȥƣҲʱһֱӴӿԵ
һĮ֮ϣҲ˺Ȼ飬ʶӿе䡭
һ˲䣬λǿߣ䣡
䣡
䣡
䣡
졣
еλǿߵΣͬһ㣬ӿеȥ
߿գ壬߶ȣ޷ƻǵ塣
ǣһѾͣٲˡ
ȻһĻȴɵĵǣ˸Ī
˵ʵȴֻǶ̶һ˲
пֻλ˵˼仰ȻλͻȻݣȻ󡭡Īӿеˡ
ʲôˣ
֮ϣвٸղűݵϢȵĽ䵽ɵӡһãȻһۡ
棿еӴĵӣˤڵأһ棬̲סỽһȻû˻ش̲סֻ˼ȻûлӦǵװŵǰȥһԷ塣
Ȼ󡭡

ǵͬһ㣬˵ϣ״̧ͷݡ
ôˣ
ľ˵Ķһ
ˡ棬ˣ˴͵Ļش
ʲʲô˶ɴ۾Ȼȥ̽Ȼһ֮󣬾㶼˲˵ϣ״
ˡˣλ棬ȫˣ
˶ɴ۾š
ղţλ涼ɱŶ̶һ˲䣬ôˣ
Ƕ̧ͷ˿һӰ
һ̣һǰδеĿ־壬ǵͷ
ݵ棬ǹ氡氡ȻȻֻ̧򶯽šôϢˣ
ֱܰ
ɵɵסˡ
ɵĵǣֺγɵסˣ
ɵӵľǿڶеġֱһֲʵĸо
ڰʱ֮ǰƽ̻ڸսǰܶԱѪȣѪҪɹ
Ȼͷ­Ѫ׼֮ʱȴͽȻ֣ĵˣȻôˣ
⣬ô£
ɵĵǣһж¶ãȻ֮ɫ
ȻֻƬ֮ͽȻһع󣬿ݡ
Уһֳݿȸмĸ˳
ǻվԭأŸ߿ǵӰȴһָɽֹĸо
ջΪλǰǺλ棬Բˡ
ڿ̫ЦˡЦ˼£
ǰẦǣɱλ棬λǰֻҪһʱ䰡
Ǻεǿƣεǿư
š⣬ǿߣ
ǵһ֮¥ĳǰһ𡣡
߿֮еݣȻĿ˵
Ȼһڣ˾Ĵ͵صˣǻعУ־
ֻеһ֣ʱԶĴ󴬣Զɵ߲ʹ˾ͽȵγԼƵĳǹ㶼УֱǷ˴
⼸ҲʱšЦ˵Ŀӹ·ôǲԸô

Ը⣬Ը⣡
л治ɱ֮л治ɱ֮
ɵӣʱعһʱҵһǱֵӴ뿪
ɣڶȻ󣬻ͷĻȥʬǣһս


1013 
ɵǱ룬ܿģɽ֮ǰָһƬžȻλǿߵȫƣΧŪҲɽţȫһƬǽ塣
ǰ
֮дżΣݵĸǰͷƺҪ˵ʲôȴֲ֪οڡ
ݿ΢΢һЦˣҲû˰ɡǽܿ˽лɡ
ʶεؽƷ󴬵ķٶȣǲ١ôʱ䣬֣ܿˣŷɳǧﲻһתܸӦ
ǰһдһмᣬȻڵأлллл
̾һҡҡͷͷĴ֮̾Ҳգ˰ﵽװɡ
أֻȻһ֣ʱһƬâ˳ȥ
âУױȵĲӿء

ɵˣ㶼һĿɿڴĿǰһĻ
ѵĴأâ֮󣬺£ЩľҲ·ĳȫǣָһƬ
⣬ǡ
˶ɴ۾ֱͬһ񼣡
ѵĴº£ľȫ
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̶ʮϢʱ֮һлָƽâҲɢ֮УֻһŨļ
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һɵӶеϤĽâݵǰ
ݲץŽ֣꣬ȴǿٵĽӡָʱ㣬ûɶɽ֮С
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ٵ֮һɵɽţʧǰ
ֻһһŽâʱɵĻڴ֮ڡȻһãȻָһƬƽ
ڴ󡭡ٶȻһˣȴǳյˡ
ԭѾȫƻĻڴ̶ʮϢʱȻָˣ
𺳵ĿݣԴѾ޷ת
λǰףǸôĴڰ
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Ӧûвٵ飬Ȼ¥ˡЩȻݣ΢΢һЦ˵Ŀһλǿߵʬǣ룬ͽһУʱУŵϾǵǿߡʬҰվôá˽˰ɡ
˵⻰عѾһ粽̤գʧڶɵӵǰ
Ȼֱʧ֮ɣȴȻû˻ع
á
һѣǹȥ˰ɣ૳
һ仰ȴͬеһöʯӣʱ
ȹˡ

˴Ц
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λǿֻ߰һ棬Ȼȫ䣡
ǰһ̻ʮ֮¥һȴͳɽ֮ǰٶȣֲ̫ˣ
жǿռ䷨򰡣
ǰڣԺɻҪ˭
̫ǿˣ̫ǿˣ
˶˷̸ܵȻеĻ⣬Χݡ
ݵǿƣȫסֱѪţղܡˣŨŨĳݣ
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ҿǲҡһ߷Ҫȥ¥ֱǰɱ˵Ļǿɾȫˡ
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ǿ߰ݺ޼ɰ
˷̸ܵš
ƽ̡
ɸƽеԣһ
ŻһعͷӵۣϣȴҲ޷Ƶ¶˷ܵϲɫ
Ƭ֮ȻһˣҪǽлɵΣȫȹˣ
ԣƽҲǻĵͷ
Ϊһ׶༪٣ȴȫû뵽գǻľճ
ǣһâԸüֱɽ򡭡
鿴·λʬǣջǿڵȥ˵ʬ˰ɡ
ǡ
Ա߶ʱ˻Ӧ
ǰĽǣȻΥ

ɵӻȸԾʱʮ֮Ԧիе˾ͽȣȴûôˡ
⣬ⲻܡⲻܣ˾ͽдŨŨĻңԺУȴͣĻ֮ǰ˲ɱĻ桭
ֻһϢǽĵͼȫ飬ûüһɿֲͽʶֱ꣬ӱ
̥ǿߣҲֶΰݵ˭˭
˾ͽ˶Ҫˣ״дŨŨĿ־塣
ݣֲֲ̫̫ˣ
ϣ桭
ڴʱͻȻһ
˾ͽȻһʱһȻȴһף¶һ˿ŭ֮ɫŤͷ˭
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˾ͽһŭϢʱ˳ȥض΢΢һ
ǣǵӡ˶ʱһޱȣڡ
ʲô£˾ͽȳ
ǣλޣǰõӸǵӶ޳Ͱ͵ĻӦȴǿൽ¡
˭֪鲻ãȻ˭ԸüͷǰĻȴֲҲ֮ʲô⣬ǿ޷ܡ
һɵӱǳǩܱǩޱȵĸϵ
ʱͱˡ֪ԼȻײǹˡ
ݣ仰˾ͽȵϢʱһϣ¶˼־֡漴ȴһҧ˵ʲô
˵֮¥λ桭ǵӽ͵˵ţһģȴᵽɤ۶
仰֮󣬹֮УλӶʱ֣ȴ
䣡
ͻȻһɿֲӿǵӻûüع񣬶ʱͱƬ
ݰ
˾ͽȷƷ֮Ԧիӣʱ־̧ͷŸ߸ߵƷ塭Ҳ֪ȥŵĵӣֻѾ׶༪١
ãŽɢȥ
֮ϣ˾ͽȽҧأȴ֪ʲô
Ƭ֮󡭡
˾ͽ֣ķҲ˰ɣ
һԺлص˾ͽȻһӴȡһƵ
ǵġ˾ͽȳĬһ֮ص
һˡЩε˹˾ͽȣƵ侲
˾ͽ⻰ȴǳĬ֮ſɬ֮ǰֵĻܴҲŪ־桭


1014 ϼױ
֮ǰƾһ٣ٶıʾԴӳ飬һݵĵס˾ͽԶȴûбҪŪ־档
㵽ڣһ߷ؽױԼƸ㣬ˡ
һεʧ˾ͽҲһ鴤
ؽƷла顭ЩˣҪģķ
ǷҲǵ򾳼𣬹һ߷ͺķѽǧڵ飡˵ôռвƸһ붼Ͷ߷֮ϡһ䣬νʧء
Ǿ߷ȻͨıģǼΪˣܱ֤Ǳ
һʧˣĿǰĲ¹ĲϷã޷㡣
ۣ񼴱ΪԼҲǾڰˡҪ򾳣Ȼûо緽ˡǺ飬ȴʵʵİ
˾ͽͷһʹ
ҲֻǶһ˲ܿ죬˾ͽȴֿɬķ֡ⲻҪġҪǡڣĽݸˡ
ݵףʲôڣΪʲôôֲֻǵǿߣǣֲĳ̶ȣΪθһʤ̥ǿߵĸо
˾ͽȫץ񣬼ֱҪ
ô˾ͽִԼҲյ˵ӵĴ˰ɣƵڶݵĳĬ֮ٶ
˾ͽȻһͳ֮ǰ¥
˾ͽô㣿ѯʡ
˾ͽֳĬԺлղűֱɱһĻжݳ˾塣
ĬƬ֮ȴѯʣδ㣿
ҲĬƬ֮ȥ
ΪΣ˾ͽȶʱһ
һʼݺͲ̫ԸΪСȻμʹѹҵȣȻΪǶȥѹ˼ЩŭԲŻǰ¡ɵǰݶ˵뿪ֻǡ˵Щε̾һ˾ͽȵɫȴ΢䣬¶ֺڡ
Ǹʱ˵ӳʱֻԶɸˡԲ顣
ԣҴȥƵ˵
һһνǹȥĿģǽȫɱԽ֮أ˾ͽȴЩǡ
ǶˡңҲΪ˵ƿ˿ռ䷨ʮľ룬ʮϢʱϵҪɱǽ֮ǣȫֱɱûУתǣǵ˵ҲһδɱȻһźš
ʲôźţ˾ͽѯʡ
ͽѶš̾ҵ˵Ӹңʱлʱ˵ǡ⼸ʱšԼܹ
˾ͽȶʱһ㵡
ôûи˵ôЩɻ
˵ˣ˵ˡ˾ͽ϶ʱмΡ
ղǡʧأ˼˵껰ֱӾͽɱˡȻûһ䡣
ԡ˾ͽ֣أƵҲûмƽϣѯʡ
˾ͽֳĬ֮ŵٿһ¡
šҲáǾͲˡƻӦһ󣬱˳Ĭ
˾ͽòݵԭأԥ
Ƭ֮һҧӴУȡһ
֡
˾ͽ֣ҵķˣɶ񣬿ɶ񰡣ݻ֮ȥ¥ƨϷҪҪ
ʱԶɷŭǴ˹
˾ͽʱһ䣬ȴǽüͷ
ԶɵƢ֪ģݺԵˣŰޱȣвߣҪɱ֮Ҫ񱩵Ķࡣ
һγȴָԼָһ·ֻǲܵˡ
뵽˾ͽ̾һȻЩԥ
ȥǲȥ
˾ͽ֣ڶҴ㼴ǰҴ磡˵̥ǿߣȻܹѹݣɶ񣬿ɶ񣡲ݴңͷ֮
Զɵٶ
˾ͽȵ۾ʱ
ǰôһˣλԶһݴ磬˵̥ǿ߰
ʲôʱһȥֻһ˸˾ͽȶʱ¶ġ
ҶģһҪǹȥȻɱأɵţȻɱ
̥ǿĻһоͶ˵ˣ
ǿѵǿĹ̥ǿߣ
˾ͽȼ̥ǿߣǵͨ˶ͬһ۾ֱܷ棬Կȷݲ̥ǿߡ
׼̶ϵطϣˣ֪ͨһһͬжԶɶʱӦ
˾ͽһҪ˵ƴȥݡתһ֮ȴ־סԶܽжƣҲһ¡ϾһˣҲһ
áҲ
뵽˾ͽٲɣ˵
˵ֱ֮վһȴ⹬ҲûʲôôĶһΣǷɳ˹
뿪գȺС
˾ͽȵԶԶȥԦիţʱɵԭء
˾ͽҲЩˣһΣƿնȥʧʡ
桭ˣ
˶š

ʮ֮ᣬͽšûɣ
¥ż֮С
λǿΪݵһ仰жݱˣȴûн֮ϡ
żڣЦЦĿǰ飬Ц
ǰûû⣡죬ٻӦ漴ȴβѡ죬ȴվ֪οڡһִ١
ݿ飬Ȼ֪ЩʲôЦһֵ֮ˣ¹ȥҲ͹ȥˣҪټϡʮ֮ڣ㻹ǵúչ˵ţݽóһһǧ顭
ǰ⣬⡭ݱֵԽǴȣԽǲǸ⣬ִٲѡ
ˣҲһƽ̣ĥ䣿Цһҡҡͷ׸飺ûʲô£ȥɡ
ӹվԭءãҧأǰлл˵ţͷվ˳ż䡣
Ŀ뿪¶Цݡ
ӴУȡ˵ˮƣʶС
ʮգϼױٶȿλѲ룡
Ž룬һ쳣ĿѶϢݵ
ݶʱͷһʶһѶϢ֮С
ϼŵױ᣿Ǻǣ֪ʮȥ˰Ҫȥһơ
ٺ٣ĳҲҪȥһơĳŭħеõһʯȤĵѣʱ飬ｻŶ
ͷһƷҩҩλпصĺҪģ飬Ե鱦
ĳҲһζʮ⣬ˮԵģߡ
ѶϢ֮к󣬶ʱ԰ټƵϢȻһѶ


1015 ֮Լ
ÿһѶĺ󷽣һ֡Ȼ˵ˡ
仰˵
ȫǵǿߡ
ǵڶѶϢݵĹע
Ȼǲʯо¶һ˿ϲ
ʯڿռ伫ΪȶĿռ϶еΪʯʵȴҵĿռ֮ں϶ɵĹ屦еĿռ֮ǿֲ£֮ȶ޷ȡ
Ҳ֪ʯж󡭡¶ڴ
ʯĿռ֮ʵ̫ǿһʮеĿռ֮ȽϡֻҪĿռ䷨򾳵ļ£
ռ䷨ﵽµĻʵҲϣ
ڴ
һѶϢͣãȻżȴ۾ԽԽ
ֵȷǼ˺Ĵڡ
Ҳ
۾
ƴıرƷµưö󡣵幻˵ȻǶˡ
ӣϼױᣬݴ
ૡ
ʮ壿ʮʱ䡣ȫļ
ֿһ֮뿪ѰҵԼµѶϢ
òû˿ƵģѶϢûѶϢСεҡҡͷʶ˳ˮ
ȻһԪ𣬿ʼ򡭡

һգݶż֮УˮеѶϢԼĵ
йɹɣնʬǣǱɢϢѾǴݵͷҲǳ
СƹݶĳֻҪߵĵطĵĻ⣬벻¡
ɿˡѶȫޣݴѾ䡣ۿɾҪ˥ȥˡû뵽ôãȻλ桭Ǳ滹ҪֲĴڰ
ǰλ棬һ棬ֱӾ䡭ʵЩŰ
ţֵܿǿİŵˣһεжʱվˤ䲻Զĵط֮ר֤ȷˣѲŵԼˣ˵ɣ
⵹Ҳǡ
һ˵λ봢λȥأλ棬λ֮¥ʱ䣬ǽգ
д£
ٺ٣£վţҲ֪ˡ
¥⣬˴ߡЩ۷׷ףȴſλ渰֮Լˡ
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ݲ½˳Աô
߸ߵ֮ϣͬҲӰ
ǲļԶںƲ֮ϣ·޴ӷ֡ǵĿȻܹ׿Ʋ㣬¥
һͷżֺ档
²١Զ˾ͽȶˣ֮ǰҴ뿪䷽ȥˡߣһɷǵߣȻڡ
ǰ۾һ¶Цݵ˵ԶɵĽݴ񡭡̥ǿߣȥĪȥˣ
ڲҲһƬңʯ˿Ϊŭħһ鸣شĲɿԶʱܹȥɣҪѵһٰɣһŮӣҡҡͷ˵
翴Զ裬ǳ²ļһȷѵһġһҲӲǺ˵ģһ̿ȴѿ˵
٣Ҳûʲôϵ߻ӣǲȺˣдǿߣͷ۲ǲʲôҵǺݾʲôˡǿƣǰɴδ˵һ굹˼ӡ
ѵǿߣЩ˵
Բǿߣ඼ֱȥŭħˣ˭û²κϵҡҡͷ
˵ˣˡ
ʱɷǵߺȻ˵˶ʱһ̸ֹͣͷȥ
ȻңԶһâֱ¥ȥ

ƣӦԼ
ɫâֱ¥ִ¥¥֮󣬹âɢȥ¶һΰӰ
ĬƬ̣֣˵
ˣ
棡
âͻȻ֣·һֱȴˣʱһ飬
յĴȻ㣬Ȼ󲿷˶ֻ˵εģȴûмȻƵڽճˣȴʵһҥԡ
ݼ棡
Ȼ鼤ЩȴҲʧһ㶼ڵأ񡭡
Ʊݻɱ顣ȴˣͶʲôСǿҪ˵ġ
ƵȻһۣȴδ
Ǻǣѵˣɡ
һʵ͵Ȼȴңң˳ÿ˵ĶС
ô
ȥᰡ
ͣ˿ȴһ˵⣬ǿ𣿡
ֻһȴһִݴƣˣѡ
ǡ
΢á漴һӦһΣֱӷ¥¥ʧ
ֱƵʧˣϵ˲ŻĻع񣬷׷״ӵվ
λôֻһλ
ʣµλǲɣ
ǰ赭дɱˡǷˣﻹҹ
Ϊθҹ
⡭ҾͲ֪ˡ
ˣ˵˿ֻһ˳֣˼Ũĺ档
棬롣
ƽͨӭ
ƽ룬۵ҲŨŨ˷֮顣Ȼֹͷ
ƿһۣ˵ͷ
£ǽڵż䴦
Ժ򡭡
ǸĻͷ˵
鲢ޱ仯΢΢˵ͷŶ롣
棬浽ˡ
ż֮Уλ֮ϣ
Ц˵
ǡ
Ӧ˳ż䡣
棬롭
ǰƣһͬҲż漴ȴһҧ˽ȥ
ѣ
Ƶϣ֮ȴѾվ΢ЦкģȻ˿Ҳ˫϶ӡ
죬ֻ޵ѡ
΢Ц˵ͷ
Ƴһ£ջȥ
һЦҲλЦӣҲֻԸĳɸΪ񲯰


1016 ɢ
Цݴݣ˿Ϊֻһƶе⡣
Ʒ΢΢һ漴ȴֲ֪Լ˵ʲô
ʵϣһȻӦԼˣ治֪ú˵ЩʲôʶֻóĬ
ݲƵĳĬ˵⻰֮󣬱һЦȡһԼһСɵĺǹ׸Цѿʲô
ƶʱ΢΢һȫɵۡ
϶ΪϤϢ
ĴؽƷﰡ
޵ѣ⡭ȫԻˡ
Ҫ֪Ϊߣ໥֮ΪĳԵɱ顣еʱҲ˻ɸΪ񲯵ϾûԶĵˡˣȴû˵˻սƷġ
ݡ«ﵽʲôҩ
ȫԻˡ
ǺǣѲɣĳ롣ȴ΢΢һЦ̾˵ĳ·ʵҲûѵΪе˼ֻĳȰ޹֮ǰλֳƱˣֻľĳˡΣų֡ĳ룬λзһߣܻȡϵĻᣬóȻ֪ͨ£֮Լĳָм
ݵĻȴƵƤʱ΢΢һ顣
֮ǰ
ͨݵɱ֪֮ǰķŹǵĻֻͷһ˿ϢѹǵĵǾӶݡ
ݵʲôֱӾɱǣаҪŹǵ˼
˵ҲֻǴݺѪ̡
յȷƵ˲֪ˡ֡޵ѡɬ˼¡
֪ݵǷοݷ·ʱһĿɬʢ
˵Ըĳˣǰɣֱѯʡ
ԡȻһڿˮɬ
ǾͺãǾͺáݶʱĵЦŵѽܹĳο˾ͽԵѶˣȴȻûⷬ˼ûй֪Ϊѵѣܷ֪ĳλѣΪûйأ
ͷʱһЦ޺ݣͷȴǾ
Ȼλݣô˵˾ͽԶɶˣĲɱˡ
ݵĳĬ֮һǣԼȥ˲
һ
Ӧĳ֪Ҳ̫ƺԶڲһĽݴ硭ݣĳƳĬƬ֮ȴҡͷ˵
ݿƣȴЦ
֪˵ĲʵһУĺܡֻԸԼˡ
֮ݵҲûдơƻǱȽеĺӡ֪ԼǿƣȴҲԸͬ顭ǱȽġ
ԼͱȽ壬ȻҲ⡣
ҡ
Ȼ£֮ԼݾѾ㵽˻ǿߡ
˾ͽȣԶɵ˶ڲȺӪ˵ĳԱûм˽Ƶǿѣǲˡ
ʲô
֮£ɱ̥ǿߣҲзɱӦԡǿһЩǿߣеڶɱ󡭡
ôĵƣʲô
Ըɱ¾𼶱ǿߡԷҪġҲѶ֮
뵽΢΢һЦȻ֪ǾˣȥɡǺǣǰٲҪʹ
ƶʱЩĿһۣԼƭݡ΢ЦȴҲܶᡣĬƬ֮ȴҡͷʹˡĳһЩҪȥ졣޵û顭ƾиˡ
ԽԽԶԷΣգȻһҲԸ
һҲ΢ЦͷȻˣĳҲǿ롣
ǡվ뿪ż䡣
Ŀȥݵȴ¶˼Цݡ
΢Ц˼ô
˵ţ̧ͷա
û뵽¾Ȼô˵ĹעǲȺǿߵ治Ǹǵġ
꣬Ҳûм̽Ĵ㡣
ѾǿԶ۲¥ǵĿжûʲô⣬Ҳùˡ
ȡһƿԪ𣬹һڡ

ߣ
¥ĳ˵
ƲδᣬһΣ˿С
뿪ˣ
âһ֣·˶ʱͷˣ
沢δɱ
ǽʲô£
ԦԵָô죿
Ӧǲ֮ɣ
߷׷šƬ֮վɢȥ
֮ԼѾɣеĺҲõ㣬ȻҪɢȥ

ѡǺǣþò
·ɢˣȻ߿֮Ǽλǿߵĺģȴûеõ㡣
ʵϣƽ¥Ƭ֮ĳеĺ棬ˡ
ԿƳһԵӭ
ȴʱüͷ
ӭģǿߡ
ЩǿߣȫʶǲȺУǿߡҲһЩ档
ɲֻɣԦիԵţĸ
ݺᳬʮ﷽ԲôĵҲǼġ
סƵλɷǵߣһС״ڡ棬ɣųơٴ桱
ԭǰ׵ѡʲô𣿡鲻顣
ʵϣʱ򣬾ͲߵЩ˶Զš
ʵ֮Լ˵ʵһܶӵ顣ԼĿǣԹˡȺ˿ЦҲǲġ
ֻ˼վԶʲô취ܲ˸˼Ҵְɣ
뿪ЩΧǲȻʲôɫ
ǺǣʵҲûʲô¡ֻǡ΢΢һЦ·ûпѿɫһ֮ЦǵǶ޵Ȥ޵йһӴ֪ܷ񡭡
ܡȰ˵꣬ƵɫѾȫ˼˵˲ϼһȴƫһЦݵָ˼ϾͿȣܸɫ
Ǻ棬Լȥھ¥żҲˣҲܺ档ĳ㡣
˵ⷬҲ˿ɵȻ飬һΣʱâԶݶȥ
ֱ뿪üλǿ߶Щ㵡Ƭ֮ǰ굹ЦһεǵԱˡȷпѾǣҪȻǹȥк
ĻΧļλǿ߶һƬ֮󣬰΢ЦҡͷˣΣϷɲʲôᡭиˡ˵ֱ꣬ӻһ׹Զݡ


1017 
Ǻǣ˰ɡҲ֪ʲô·óȻδͻҲˡ΢֮Ҳ΢ЦҡҡͷһΣȻ뿪
ɢ˰ɣɢ˰ɡҲѿ죬뿪ˡ
Ů΢΢һЦҲҡҡͷת뿪
üֿ˿Զ¥漴ʼ磺һôأֵôСҲգԵȻʶһ죬һȷǳѲ⣬ҲǶ֣ǲҪóȻǡ
˵꣬Ҳת뿪
ֻƬ̣һȺǿߣ˸ɸɾ
¥żڡ۾̧ͷ˿֮¶һ˿Цݣ΢΢ҡҡͷ漴㲻ٹע

ʱ䣬Ե÷ƽ˾ÿնˮƵеѶϢ߾ʱ䵹Ҳǹĺܿ졣
ɵõݶݣչҲԽоջҲǼࡣ
棬ǧ黻ı
żڣ鹧Ľһݸݡ
üͷЦлˡӹʶһ̽¶ЩЦݡ
Ǯʹĥ仰Ȼ⼸죬ֵõҵֿԶ̶ʮöˡ
ǰձһһȵᡭǰҪǰ𣿡鹧ѯʡ
һüͷ֮ҡͷˣĺܣùȥκˡǧ顭ֻҪռеǶʮָõģҲ¡鲻ʱ֪ͨҡ˵ţݴ׸һ
ʱǡ
Уȴǰ𾪡
λǰĳ̫ˣǿʵҲҲᡭҲ̶̲ʮʱ䣬Ѿһǧ˾ŰˣȻ治ɫĲ񣬸óǧ顭
ǧ飬ͨĵǿ߿¾ͺһóλǰȴѾóǧˡ
жٲƸ
Ĳ²š
̸Ƭ֮뿪
ˣЩƷûϹǿչЩ᲻̫˷ˣ
ЩʱչЩǿеģ̲סѯ˳
Ϲѡ
ȻϹΪѡֻϹֱҪ֤ľ⡣չЩҲûа취顭һҲϹϹˮҪһֻͣڵ򾳣ҲЩΡ
ͼģȻܹںϹ
һߡԴޡȻͼĲѡ
Ϲɢ£ҪѰ룬ɲô׵顣ȻѶϢ׹ΪҲû˺ϵһͿԿϹѵá
ͷӵϹľϹŽϹŻ֡ϹˮҲ˵·Ϲȴǲ֪ټܷѰҵ˵ܲΪòϹһֱͣڵ򾳰ɣ
Σ˶εġ
еĴ̾ãȵԴʱϹҲ̫⡭ֻϣǸʱܹɡ
˴漴̾Ҳֻˡͼ޷¡ҲֻϹͼ
Ϲ֮⣬ҪѰÿռƥϹҲôܹѰҵġһУֻܿˡ̾
ΪռΪƽܸ˵ǿ󣬲Ӱ̫أܸ֧ŵĻҲǴ⡣
šӦһĬȥ
ȴǴ˴ϸо
Ƭ֮૵ţٵõԵͿԳһˡ
𣬶ȡԪ
һ֮૵ԪҲˡȴûԪۡǰ
⼸ÿ춼Ԫ򡭡ĵ֮һʼҪǿ˲١ΧǧңҲЩԪĹЧ
¾ݱ˫ۣС

һһȵᣬϵʢ¡ϵĴСȫ롣ķҲ˵Ĺ㷺ҩ⣬ͼͼֻ֮Ҫйصģϳֳ֡ΪŨ֮硣
ٿģˡʵϣҲֻˣܹСǰ
һεᣬȴô󲿷ֵɢޣЩΡ
ǧ顭ǧ顭ûмӼ۵ģ
òŮ˾װݻ̨ϣ΢Цѯʡ·ȴһƬž
õģϲɣǧļ۸յһĻʯ
Ů˾΢Ц˵һƷ
ûиռȫȥ˰Ҫһһµ¯ղ
ҪôʲôЩʱգС̣ǺɨһաϵҲŹ
ǣ
·ȴЩơ
ѾеһˣϵռȫˣЩЩˣȻŭ쳣
Žеһ룬Ѿİˡô飿
Ƶ˵
ⶼ֪ҪЩʲôҪЩģ˰˺Ц˵
ˣ
˭
Ǻѯʡ
ЩʱղסƧɣϷô飬ǾȻ֪˵Щˡ
ҳˣջ
չأ
һ
ǻص
ٺ٣ѹˡ˻ȻȴǺЦǣͲ֪ʮ֮ǰ˰ɣ
ʮ֮ǰ
ʲô£
Ⱥ˶һãȻ
ʮ֮ǰԦիԵţɡ㶼ǰ£ѵûѯʡ
ʲô£
λ棿
ϢǶǴһɴ۾𺳲ѡ
ȻǶǵһ˵
̫ˣݺʮʮ֮ǰȻֵúܴ󣬵ҲһЩ˲˵ġ
Ѿ䣬ɸûսϣλͬʱţôɻö˶˵ģѵѾͶˣ˶ʱ
ٺ٣Ͷ֪ȴǺЦһЦǿǴشˡǵͶһңֱӾͽҸɱ仨ˮλ棬߷ɽ֮ǰ
ʲô
⣬ⲻܣ
λ棿
һ£ʱΧ˵ĵš


1018 
棬ǿϵĴڡһ涼ûУôһ㣿
˵ģλ澡䡣£󲿷ֵ˶֪ˡǵĶԱ˵Ĺע֪ˣҲ̲סˡ
ô£ǵ˵һ£Щ֪˶ץˣк浽˶塣
һλ棬˵ǿˣǾȻڲֱ֪ǲԭ°
ҪᵽһˡǾ½һλ𡭡ݣˣ֪˺Ц˵
½𣿡
ݣ棿
İ֣Ƕʱɻ֡
ġ£˽ʼĩϸ˵˳
˵֮ΧЩߣ㶼һɴ۾
½棬ɱλ𣿡
Ԧ𣬰ԵѾ룿ΨԹ֮Լ
ݣ棿
Ϣ𺳵˼¡
չɲǸԼչڰչأǿƥȻдͷġ飬˵ֻҲ㲻ʲô֪˺ٺ˵
⻰ȻЩһŴͣľ
ȻһλǣԼûʸˡ
ᣬջĻռ䣬ԵȫɶȥͳһһϣǹЩپ˰˾Ű顭ƴֵࡣ
ȻҲ֪Щʵȫλ½ĲƸ

ǰһ˰˰ʮ飬ʣһʮ򡣸ǱߣϾ͸ϻմԼ͵¥ż䵱У֮˹ݻ㱨
֮һüѯʣԵչ˶٣
ԣ΢΢һ£ϾǲȺԶءԵıһֱȽϺҲûչ١Լʮҡ㶼ǰָļ
ԣ۾ʱһЦŵ˵ͷá֪ˣȥɡ
ǡ
鹪񣬶뿪˷䡣
ʮָ̺㹻һεˡ
һ䣬¶Цݡ
ϣ齫ˡǷǳĴеĳأǵģǿҲø·һִܵ
ʣµ͵ǵѰɡЩʱ鷳ˡݽеʣµ飬ȴǵݸ顣
ֵ򲻿ɣǰˣûʲôܹǰģѾǷǳĺˣﻹΪС¶ȡǰ飿򲻿ɣ򲻿ɣ
ִⲻã˵⻰ֱ֮Ӿ͹ˣݵһ¡
漴¶һ˿Цݡ
飬ȷǸˡ飬ڵǿ˵һСƸ飬ȻܹΪҲԼһ⡣
ԴݵҲǿ֮ȴվ
գһ°ɡ
뵽һ磬̤գʧ

ҹϡãޣ¹֮·УĹʱ
ڰһƬĴ֮ϣżȻһԾ캣ˡ
һƬΣķĺʱ㣬ϲ
ᣡ
ȻһһӰȻ֮Уٴ˵ء
ౣ
һͷ峤ɵķݣһʱ䷢ӰֱӾ͸˹Ҫ̵֮
ǡһЦֻһ̧ʱһ׹⻪ա
ౣ
ӴݶʱһҽУȻֹӴΣм䣬һΪ´Ѫֱֱ׹뺣С
𣡣
·򣬶ʱѪȾ졣һͷͷȻӺи֣ϣΪһͷʬǣ
ӰͷֹƷ۷ޡûʲôá
˵⻰ܣȻһ̤ʧ֮С
֮⣬һ޴Ļĵ֮ϣ߳һӰ
˵ؾԼʮӦú˹ˡ
һ䣬ָֻ㣬ؿһֶʱ׷ɶ·ĵ
ᣡ
һâʱ֣ĵ档
Ӱ΢΢һЦһ̤˹â֮С
âˣȡ֮ģȴһƬĵС
Щ׼֮˵ϣ³һ
ֻһ֣һƬâ˸ǰʱʮС֮ʣԵǳ
һӴ򿪣ʱһŨĻϢӺӵУ
һƴСʯͷԼĪأлڣƲݣȥء
ʯ
Ӱ΢΢һЦ
ŻڿԿˣݡ
˵صĿģȻΪԼе֮
ͼƽ⡣֮뱣ֵңͼҲҪˡ
Ԫ̺ûԵݿԷԪϾޣҪ򾳵ļޣ
ʯǽﵱеһ֡ڣݵһĽЩﶼ׼ãȷе൱ġ
£ݴһУʱһ󲨶˳
Щﶼ˰󣬲ֲ㶼ݵĽƸ˻ĵ֮У˿Ҳûй¶ȥ
һæµ֮ֳ岦ڷ롣ÿһ֮ϵĲͬġϢûͼڿС
Щ׼֮һĿ
ˣ
ȻĿУ˺ڰ˫ɫĹâһѹŵĺϢʱ
һպڶݵǰʱ䣬һӿǰϯ˽ȥ

ݵʶУʹâȻʢһڶ֣з˳
ͼһ˲䣬ʱĲ

ͼתһǣ֮ϣһ׷׳ͼȥ
࣡
һͼת֮Уĩ´֮ͼС
Ե㣬֮룬ݵͼۿӵٶȣԽһһĿֲϢҲԽԽ׳
ݵ־վʶУңͼı仯Ӧš
ͼ֮ͣϵͼϢҲԽԽŨҡʶڲ֪֮У׳
зյͼԽĵĿռ䷨ԽԽơ
зʼϳռ䷨
ݳأܸӦٽ㣬Զ
ЩﶼӵӴһͼС
ʱ䣬Ȼš


1019 

Ӵʶչȥʮ֮ڵһУԷӦݵԺ֮С
ڰ˫ͫɢļµĿֲѹ·Ҫѹš
ķΧԼչˡ
ݸӦһ֮ȴ¶Цݡ
δչ򣬵ܹܵĵ
ʮʶķΧһʼֻȵΧʶΧȫͬʱ򣬱ǵµʱ򡭡ʱͿԿʼ̥ˡ
š
£ʶȫͬġʶǳǿ󣬴ﵽʮﷶΧ֮ͨĵҪǿϡҪҲǳѣҪ
Щʱһռ˽ǧһϵĵ̶ֱӳ㣬Χһţﵽ
ǿֲ
ݵ򱾾Ϳֲޱȣʩչһ£ﷶΧһƬء񣬾Խֲ
ϧضʼɣҲ׵ĽȫױпܱעʱһͿܽ½ѡҲʹá
ˣҲǰˡ
ݸӦϤһջʶȴš
ֻһ磬ʧ֮С

ǰ㣬뿪
¥ż֮ڣݵĻȴһ
һεĽѵӦҲٳʲôˡҲûʲô£ʱ뿪ˡȥŭħһơЦ˵
ɣǡ˵ʲô
һ֮ȴεķ֣ȷûʲôһֱ
뵽˴ֻһ̾ȻˡҲٶǰպһ£ĪҲӣ
˵ţ鹧ĵһơ
鱾˵ơͨƣȺΧ֮ڣϵĵ
Ҳûоܾ˹֮վЦȻˣͺˡ
һǰҪ뿪Ҳ׼һ簡
ˡ
˵仰һ磬ֱӱǶ֮Уʧǰ
˴֮󣬲ų³һ
Ƭ֮ͻȻһѽǰŭħڣһϢˡ
棬ŭħ꣬ѶҲ֪Ƿ紫һ㣬Ѿˡ
Ѿ뿪ȴѾˡ

Ѿţʮŵϼױᣬʮ졭ľ룬ûʲô⡣
ã֮ϣ뿪ңŶаš¶ڴһա
ʯڱصõĶ
ֻҪǲʯܹﵽͿҵĿռ䷨򾳼¡
һ߸·аš

¡¡
ӿκȻ
ȺӴޱȣݺᳬǧȻôӴһƬУƷϵޣȴΪľۼ֮ءκ޵УǻᱻĨȻûǣܵĿ־壬ȴȻǲ׵ĵⷶΧ
ȺʮȺÿһȺʮݺᣬӴޱȡ뵺֮ļǶǵǿҪɣҲúüĹ
ǿ߹ƾУֻҲĸ¡
ȻеؽƷķб˵
һҾ޴һĺϿգѹˣٳŲǰš
ִܵˡ˾ͽȿԶƬ֮Ťͷ֣Ѿ֪ͨĴˣ
֪ͨˡԶЩΣĿǰʯġʯڶţ޷뿪ȹȥʯ֮
˾ͽͷһ̾һ
Ҳû취ˣһжÿԶɵλˡ
˾ͽַģҴȻѾ˵⻰ȻͲ᲻ҡߣݣվ۵ʱ򣡡
ݣԶɵ¶һƬɱ
˾ͽ̾һ˵ͷٶԡ

ɴѹˣǰ

ʱһȥ̶ʱ䣬ݣҲǰˡ

֮У̤һ¶һ˿Цݡ
ڵˡ
һٶȿգʧ
λȺߣӿиӱǲѿǲȺǱǧľ֮׵λáӦǣ£лͻʹƣСǲȺĺġ
аС֮ҪĶࡣ
ŸոոӦݵĿⶼ΢΢
ΪӦ⵺ϵǿϢʤǿơ
Ӧþŭħڵĵطɣ
վգĿ⣬ȴǳŲλÿȥ
ǱߣһɿֲĲݷСʶ޷̽ĵȴĸӦ
һӴֲϢؼ
ϣǷжĹ⻪֮ҪְٱһɹݸӦǿߵϢ
ڲǿߣʵˡϾǲ˵ĵǿߣ١ټһЩġǾ͸ˡûʲô𾪵ġ
ڿͣƬ֮󣬱һΣ̤ա
ֱһƬӴĴ½·ɭֺģľһЩƽԭشдССĳУ岼һЩƷµޣҲûɽ֮С
ݵĿǲĲǣһ·ֻͣʮϢ֮㿴һӴĳС
б֮ǻҪ࣬ǽ£ûǽóǽ˸ŵ⣬ȥӶ̡
֮
ڳǽ֮һʱ۾һǣһӴ֮ǡһֲɣӶȻƣ
Уֻʷƾˡ֮ҲԼĽ顣
Ⱥǿ߻֮أܴ⡣
аţԹۡ
ڿгƬ֮һΣ˳С
һطţ˳һϼڡȻƽϡ
аš
ʱһ¥
¥ռ㣬֮¥Ҫǰֵ˿аɡ֯С
̧ͷ¥֮ϣдšң֡
ң󣿡һ֣ɵңڣ¶һ˿ЦݣΣӶȥ
ӭңʿ˼λ
ңĶ¥Ҳ¥һ㣬ǿ߳ͨſڰŮӭӿˣԵʮ֡
ʱòŮӭЦ绨
ĵȫܹƿأƽһ˿豹ζȥ˿Ƶǿߣͬһӡ
׼˵ȻһŤͷ̧ͷȥ

ߣһϼ⣬ȻնֱңĶ¥֮ϡ


1020 ͻļս

⻪ɢȥһĮӣ˶¥֮ϡ
λݿʶĮһأӶʱݣ¶һ˿ɫȻǿݵΪˡ
΢΢һЦƽ֮ӡ
ӵĿӹһ˿ɣüͷ΢ݵ΢Ц֮һ΢΢˵ͷǴ˸к
Էʾ⣬ͬҲʧҲЦŵ˵ͷĿеľɣٶȵͷ֮󣬳ͨȥ
ī棡
ӵͻȻ֣ԭ¥ʱһ˲һ㶼ĵϥأл
ӴݵλŮҲæڵأͷ
һʱ䣬˶ȥ¥ΨȻվԭء
һ¶ʱԵЩͻأ˶͵͵Ŀݣоɣ֪Ϊβ
ȥĺ󡣡
桱ߵǰ䵭ڡ
ǣǡ롭
һŮæվӭλ棬˽ȥ
˸Уӹһ˿˼
ĺ󣿿ңеһżˡӦԼģ
ݴżֺ棬ʶӹ·Ȼ漴¶һ˿ɫң󱳾Сż䶼нƣʶ޷̽⡭
¥ûֽơɼңı¥Ҫ
ˡˣ
ʱλŮݵľȡ
ŻعȴȻһЦ
˼ӦԼԼʲôϵ
뵽˵أڹעĮӣЦҰһż䡣
ǡŮЩŹֵĿݣЩȡȻΪݸղŲ¡
ְҵûжʣݵĻǴֱͨ
¥һżǰ
˻ʲôԸ
Ůѯݡ
ûʲôˣȥɡЦ
ǡżһʮʯиˡŮȴ˵
΢΢һ£ŷӦ̫ûסˣǻҪǮ
дô
СŮóһ
šһ¡סһϰɡ
ݻּ䣬϶ʱһʯŮҲּ佫ʯȫɨ봢ûлл˵ĻݹˡʲôҪֱкǾˡŮˡ
żķţЩԳ̫ûлǮס꣬ǲסҪʯġ
ֻǵ򾳼ͨĻңʯǴڻҡϻаҵʯ㹻öȡ
ֱ֮Ӿȡ˵ˮơ
ϼţʲôطأ
ţʶУѶϢҪҵʵĵص㡣
ˮƵеѶϢ˵ĺ嫣ʲôѶϢСѰƬ֮󣬺Ȼ۾һһѶϢ
ֲͼ
һѶϢ֮С
󣬾һѶϢӿԺ
һͼͼ֮꾡ıע˲򡣻дд
ǽṹȫˡ
Ϣܴݵʶǿ󣬼˲䣬ˡ
ңԭ˵һǿѹ֣ȷȥ¥ҪǿһЩ
һȴ¶Цݣϼԭڶǡµ´ˡˮƣȷ㡣
š
һ뿪ѶϢ֮ûʲôȤѶϢ
ţ
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䣡
ȻȻǿңڲ̼䣬¥ѹݡ
¡¡

ô£
ֲӿȥ֮¥˲䵹֮ϣʱһ󾪿쳣Ĳҽ֮
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֮УֳΣüͷʱ
·ңΪԲģʮﷶΧѾһƬ档ⷶΧ֮ڵˣȫ
ݣ
ӰȻƿգңķ֮У˳ڿС
򣬵֣һһ硣Եͼһʱ䣬ʣһһ߿Хֱͬĩա
棬棡ôڳˣ
⶯̫ˣʮڻ棬ʮ⣬ȻܵΪһЩߣ㶼嵽˿УϻٶܵһЩˣȴǾֵ˵š
ٺ٣ī죬㵨ӻǲСĹ涨ڲɱ㻹Ҷ֣ˣ˵Ʋðɡ
Уһڽĳˡ
ңԶȻһ۾Ϳˣһ뷢԰ףȥݺߡϴżЦ̶ȻЦģԵúաһ
һüͷŤͷĶ档һ֮е¶һ⡭֮ǰλĮĵǿߡ
ʱλī족ĿĶͷӿűŭĻ档
ٶ˵ʲôīһΣһâٶȳȥ

֮п򣬶ʱһţҲ߶ȥ
ֲѹ˲
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죬ӣ
ߵĶɷˣȻ䣬ûһ˿ѪɫɢɣҪȥ
ȻڴʱڿеͻȻתһЯɫ绰ӭŽ׷īȥ
䣡
򣬺Ȼײʱһ磬Űܡ
䣡
֮ϣ¥˲䵹

ҽ֮˲Ϣ
һƣϰﷶΧ·һƬ档
ݵüͷʱ
ͷǹҪŭī죬ɱ䡣
ī죡
ڴʱ֮УͻȻһŭţһɺȻȻϯ
ȵĻЯſֲĴƣһƣʷѹ
һ֮׼׷ɱīݶʱ΢䣬漴ȴһҧȻӭͷӴޱȵĻƹȥ
䣡
˵ΪȻҪԶԶī죬һƣֱī졣īȻֵȻһ۵һѪθǱһɴѹ£ݺݵ˵ϡ
¡
Ȼأ涼һǧɵӡӣϰ

ҽ֮ʱӶһƣ˲·ˡ
ãī첻Լ涨ڲжֱ֣ѹ϶ʱӿһĨϲɫغ
ֹ٣Ҳ
ȻǷŭĻƵˣȴޱŭ⣬һƣֱӳֶȥ
ȻƣԵޱߡ
ݶʱһ䣬Ӹսīж֣Ҷң


1021 ̥
һߺţһ߷˶Ԫٻأӭǻơ
䣡
īΪ൱˵Ķ֣УߵΣҲʱƣѹףݺݵ˵֮ϡ
䣡
ǧӡӡ
ߣҲʱǱ֣ãѪ塣
ӸˣվڴˣҲҪѹ㣡ԴˣңԶʣһΣŷ˳
һĿ󺺣ü㣬ŭĿ壬ԵޱߵϢ
ңԶݿˣʱͷһ
һΪ֮ͷҪǿֵĵǿߡѾӴ̥һ˿ԵĿֲڡ
ֲϢܣ·ѾһƬǽ塣ǿ߽Ȼսʱ䲻̶һ˲ȴѾ࣬˲ء
ǿߵֲ̫⻹ǲδȫֵĽ򣬷Բ¶ҪȻīȻ֪ʲôԭŭ£Ȼġ֮λʵǸߵ̫࣬ѹǵͬʱҲ˵ˡ·ƻɾ̫ˡ
ǧӡ֮£īվɫ԰ףǹѪȴȻĶŲԶߣ飬м˵˼
ߵɫȴѿ˼£Ļӹһ˿ϲ漴ȴһҧ鱩ŭؽеҳΪҪǿǿǿĹȥ£ռֵī죬Ҳܺߣȴ죬Ҳһͬѹգƴ߷ҪҲҪȥһ
·ܵ˼Ĵ̼ǼĪ˵Լһ߷Ҫ֮ĻֳĲ֮⡣
Ȼ⻰ȴԵЩŹ֣ߡƬ֮ͷһ˼ֶߡ
ƴŷҪңݼ۾һɣߡ
㣿ȣȴߣֹϧҲСˣ
ԴǼңһζеĻȴǲ̼ͣŵλ
ããã⻰λϣȻ˿ֲŭ⣺Ȼңȣڻһˣһˣ㲻Ҫ߷Ϸͳȫ㣡
أλʱһƣֱӾͳߺȥ
֣ȻһΣƵ̺ȴǱǰζҪֲĶࡣǴһֱӾͽ߸
ֲѹ˲併ȫߵݣ˲԰ס
ȻϸĻȴܹλֹӭǿֲƵĿ֮Уǵûо֣һɼƵóѵϲɫ
ۿƼ䵽ϡ
壬侲
ڴʱԶһȴͽȻը졣һƵżּһ߲ϼ⣬ԼٶȣԶ
ϵϲɫŸճ֣һһҧɵһΪߣͿϷƴˣ
أȻתԪͼֱӰεضӭĹǳȥ
ϷǺƵһȻع·ֹͻȻܣҪƴʶļӴ˹
䣡
˲һ

ֻһҽУȻߵ壬ʱͱը˳ȥ϶ʱȼֻܴüһҽУʧȥϢ
䣡
ƣ䵽棬ʱγɾҳᵴȥԶԶִһҲҽС

߲ϼ⣬ڴʱϵ˵ͷ
߲ϼɢȥһݿʣȴޱӣڿС
һ֣ʱһüͷĿ
òɫȻ𾪵ġȴΪ

վգȴ·վһʱգ£Ȼһ˿Ϣ¶ļӨ񣬰͸һɿֲµȴڣһѹš
ݣ𺳡
ѵ̥ǿߡૣλͻȻֵӡ
ʯ硭
վ֮УȴǱòݡ֮̾һЩε̫³çˡ
üͷʱһ壬¶ɻ󣺡ʯ磬ô£
λʯ硱ȴδ˵ʲôҡҡͷĿ⣬ȴǿλī졣
īĬվڷ֮ϣ
ΪֵܣѪλʯ綢ī죬ȴȻ˵
ī鲢ûʲô䵭Ҳʯ˵˼
ʯ硱΢΢ҡҡͷЦһҵǺ棬ӦʲôôȻǶ˲ϧҲҪֵܣ
īüͷʱһȴ
Ӧ˲õĺôֻǡĺô
ʯЦһ£ȻʯһΪƣⲢʾۡ
˵΢΢һ̧ͷϱߡҲһϱߡ
ֻʯδԸ⿴ľ棬㻹лᡣ½֮ҿԸһкôģҲǴˣҪ󡣡
˵ͻȻͣȻڵա
ī΢ãüͷ
һԵüͷȻƬ֮󣬷·ҲعζȻһۣĶ·ī졣
Ǹң
ҧгݣһһŭ
Ҫ³çԱߵʯȻüͷһ壬ǳһ
һûжֻȻݺݵĶī졣

ȻߴһХ֮Ƭ֮һȻϯ
ģһˡ
ϯ֮˿У¶
λͬʽս׵ǿߡ
һ˵ʱͷһ
һλ̥ǿߣ
һλһ룬ĮӡΪȻֱλʯ硱ʯ
ɫսףϢԵ
˫Ŀ֮УŨĺâ·Ҫᡣ
ɨʯ
ʯˣ¶Цݣкܶӣþò
ܶӵʯڻ˵ͷ漴ȴֱԵִˣһʮ޹ʯ˲ҪΪѡ
Ȼʯ΢΢˵ͷĿ⿴·Ц⵱лһЩأܶ
Ȼλܶӵ˵ͷͷ˼á
ǡ
ǿ߹ֱӳ·īе˹ȥ
һŭ⡣
Ҫ嶯ʯԺһΣûж
·īûзױǱѺ¡
ս׵ǿߣӴȡһ˵ֱӲѹס
λܶӵĿ⣬ȴǿңԶһֱԹ۵ݡ


1022 䶯
λܶӵĿ⣬ʱüͷʱ΢΢һ塣

λܶͻȻĿڳ˵
ܶӵʯīԼǿߵĿ⣬ͬʱеݵϡ
ʵݵĴڣѾֻ֡¼̫죬վԶҲֻǹδǰǶûˡλܶӳȻڣȴע⵽ݡ
ǿߵĿȫеݵϣݵüͷܶʽĻֲͬ
ȻһλıΪָԸǿߵķͿԿλ֣Ҳд
֮ĲģǲҪȥϹˡ
뵽ݵλܶһۣ󣬽һ磬գʧ˸Ӱ١
ţ
ȻһĻܶӵǿߵУȴʱһɴ۾
ռ䷨򣿡
ܶһֱĮŵ֮ϣҲ¶һ˿ɫ˲ſԼʶϸ
ʧˣ
ܶૡ
ʶΧﵽʮ﷽ԲȻⷽԲ֮Уȴ˿ûݵϢ
ʯҲ¶˾֮ɫͬҲչʶȴ˿ûѰҵ
·īǵɴ۾һűϣȴȻ˼¡
ܶӣʯˣ֮ǰйһ֮Եġ
ʯ˿ʶˣܶŤͷʯ
ʯ΢΢ҡҡͷЩ𾪵ĵĺܡղŵжʾƿ˿ռ䷨򡭡ԼǴġ
ܶӶʱüͷ֮ϸֳ˼֮ɫ
Ƭ֮һݵʱһԡ
ͷ·ŵʯˣĹҲСиˡ
ʯҲͷ·һƬǽ塣Ϊ˵ĸ֮һ渺ǵİȫ·һƬңҪ裬顣
΢΢˵ͷŵ£ͽܶˡ飬ܶ졣
ܶӵĮĵ˵ͷתֱӷ롣
ս׵ǿߣѺīˣҲȥ
ִӲҪ嶯Ҫһ취
УԺʯһĵ˵ͷ
ӰƬ̼ʧ֮䡣
ʯվԭأŵͷ·һƬǽ壬ȴżŭ
񡭡
һһΣԶݶȥ
·ؽȻ˻ִеġ


ҵȣҵȡ
أ㲻Ҫ

ǿսΧʵ̫㣬·ﷶΧһƬ˼ԭĵ·ѾǹѴﷶΧ֮ڣûһ֮⵽ﷶΧ֮ڣ¥̮ΪһƬ档֮䣬˲أѪζ
޺ҽһš
ī˻ƴɵġʵ
ôĶȻΧǿߵע⣬Ƿ׷׸ǰһĻһȴݲ԰ףȻżŭ
棬ҲӦԲڳУһ£˳ʮ򰡣
ֱǲ
Ҳˡ֣Χһģ
˵£ڲУɱǵ죡ң鲻ֹǷһˣģ㷢ˡɷٲɷһɷЩˣڲУаֵİȫ𣿡
ǰֹһˡǰֻͷһͷˣ˵û˽ǣǺεǿǰǾϰԺʱ鷢Ǹ֪Լʲôʱпܱ
Щ۷׷ףһЩ˼£˵Ķ
ǰһֱΪȽϰȫĵطȻշһȴ˵ȫģ֮ҰҪӵΣֲ
һʱ䣬Ѹ
һһҪϳ֣Ϊ䣡
ϳ֣Ϊ䣡
ϳ֣Ϊ䣡
ڣʧ̬˾޴ĺ䶯졣
˶Ҫϳ֣ž˵ȱٴη
Ͽյڣһ˫۾ĿǰһĻ
֮󣬵૵˼ͨ˸ʩѹЧô
һȴֽˣ˴ڵԵɣǱ֤档ǲطǲ˵ϳŪƣ˲ȷҲ˵ȥȻ˵Щ˱Ҳ޷ˡһֱ򣬱ȻҪȫˡˣֻҲԸ⿴һĻ
ȫǵǿߣЩͨ޷ʲôʵ˺ġǣ²һҪҡȶһƣΧĿеĵλҪ½
⣬Ը⿴ġ
һλ׶༪˰û֮п·ȴǰš
ºȻڱƲĿľǶԸڻңֻ·Ѿػ뿪ˡһ߷˵󣬵ʵҲûʲôֻҪ㹻׾Ϳ
λͻʣδܹѡһʵĻ
Ŀ΢΢漴ȴҡҡͷұǲ뿪Ҳﲻλæ˶֮Ȼ໥鷢
ЩǡϹ岻֪ʲôʱҪĿһĻ໥ǿߵ顭治֪˵ʲôá
ֵͷһ̾һû֮С

ɣ֮󣬾Ϳˡ
ǣһС
ֹһЦվһǰ
λ֮ϣϿᡣȴһַ·һĹо
̥ǿߣȴֲ̺ܡ
ֹٵĻϣҲֳһ˿Ц岻ʶôʮǰȥߡ¡ΪԼˣͿˣʯҺ£һΣǾȡ
ǣǡȷֹٺЦ˵
Цһſֹ٣Ҳ¶˼⣺һĺܺá飬ģԻһ⽻Ҫ㡭ʯӦѾˡҲûãֻҪ㲻ɿڣī첻ɿڡһξͱɡ
īϣīõİԲɿڵġֹٺЦ˵Ȼˡھȥִӣ
ȻҪȥִӡЦ̧ͷУˣ˳Ա˵ʹ˵ɱɱ˿ںΪ˻Աܿȥ
ֹ۾һЦٺ٣ȻǿȥġС͸ˡ
ȥɡ
˵ͷֹٹ񣬶ת뿪
Ŀֹ뿪֮󣬺ǣ¶һ˿΢Ц
۾ա
ʯһΡѡֵܣѡߵıأһڴء
ţЦɢ


1023 ױῪʼ
ǡ
գ˴˵ء
ϼžױλãߡң󱻻٣ݸɴֱӸϹˡ
ֵһǣ֮У·ŭħڡ
һ˸âУȻͨһС硣ŭħڴݲ˲ٵĵǿߡһ㣬Ȼͳٸ
ųٵǿߣ˿Ҳšŭħʮ֮һȺǿ֮⣬ΪٵطǿҲ˻ۡ
ͨУпֲѹɨҲͷ΢
ʮ֮һֲֿѹȳɾ͵֮ܵǹɺϢ
ЩڴŭħЩʲô¾ױֻʣʱ䣬ʯڱصõıҲֻʱеڴŭħ
֮ڶһƵס
ңʮʯŴ˲ʮϢ٣ֱӾʧʮƷʯȻʧ˵ֱǾţһëͦġɴһһͨľƵ꣬һϷһϣҲƷʯ
һһҪϳְҪȻﻹʲôȫĵط
ǣѾ˺ܶΣΪ˳ͽǲŸһ٣ٶķһΣ˵ʲôҲܲݲ£бҪĻһȥſԸȥ
棬ǲ˿
СƹݲУ̸ݣݶЩȡ
ȻǱ߷Ļҡ
ӷڣ಻ʱӴޱȣݴԽչķ˾ʮϢʱ䣬û뵽ȻѾߴˡ
ϸһ֮ȴֻȻ
ˣУǿơкܴһ˶ӵзġϢѾˣôʱﴫǣƺҲûʲôþȵġ
Щ˵̸УҲ֪һıˣĿѾﵽˡ˵Ʋ֮£ֻľ񣬶¶ǳĹעˡ˸ĽĻֻ²ǵ򣬶ʱҪˡ
ڶУͷȴ̾Ϣ
һı֪̬չȻ赲
ˣҸϵҲڣǵ֮ױɡ
һԼķ䡣

ļʱ۳Ǽ¡ͨʱ䣬·˽֪ˡ
˵ƶ֮£ϳֵĺȻҲԽԽߡѾдĲ񣬾ۼ˵ſԸȥˡ
ԸձʮִӳԱѹ
˱ϾˣסȻںͨȺ־ԸķʽʩѹȴҲݡ
ѪǧȥԸ˴󲿷ֱӱɱѪ֮ζ
ȻǲŷӦһѪȵʱǿ߿ͬߡҪǿߵͬвǿߵĻǸǳ˵Ρ
գʮ˵ΪۣԸ֮£˾šû˸¡
ȻԸټ֮ȴ¡ϳֵĿںţȻ洦ɼɼľȻηˣȴҲΪһѹֱ¡
¹պǵİΣ⣬ǲܣҲ׵ķ
ڣƵУйµ̸ۣҲǲ١
ֹٵѾԶǰǶִӣ״ˣΥ
ֹپµһ£ģɡ
ʮǰķò뿪˲Ⱥһʱ䣬ֱӳߣʯ֣Լϳߡû뵽ⱨȻʮ֮񣬻̰
Ҷ֪ıʲôãֹī춼һҧͻīȳ֣漴죬ˡɱֹһ߷˸޹ˡ˲Ŀڣ֤ɽһ壬׶༪١
ǰҲû飬ҲѹˡһŪķǳͨˣ˻ʩѹֶκܸһһĳͷֻ²Ƕ꾭Ӫ򣬾Ҫˡ
Ŀð
Щ໥̸ۣƵУҲֲ˭˭˵ȻҲֱӵĺܡȻе򾳵ǹ龫ı㣬Ӳǵķۡ
˵⻰ȴˣӸ˸ʲôϵīԭˣӸûκνӴֹӸ˵˲īأƾʲôðűΣӸˣҪ֪ʵȻ𣬿ʼֵī죬ǸǲѵġѰ֮ǣǿ
ԼŰˣң󱻻٣Ծŭģ㲻ҪֱѹˡΪһң󣬷ŭôںˣҲ֪ճͷʲôҿҲѹꡣ
Ҳܷŭѹֻ꣬²ġʱǲ顣ҿΪЧȣֱӽʼٸī嶼ɱˡ
ٶԹҲòô޹˰տʮءѪծۡ
˲Ȼ˰˵Ϊ˵ĸ֮һǼġвˣ¡Ȼ˵
ЩˣҲֻˡģмˡ
Щۣݿȴ¡
⣬ǵ򾳼ǿߵȦӡѹ˵ˣļ˵򾳵Ȧӡ
ֻһɢޣ֪Ⱦʵۣ
Ȼ˵˵ﳳȻ죬Ľչʵû̫ġ
˱Ͼһ˻ᣬһһܵ˻ᡣ˻ҪãͱԵĹ
̸ۣһжֻǲ²⣬û֤ݡû֤ݣ͵ֻǿ̸
֤ݣߵ֤ʡźλߵУλ֤ʣ嶼˵Ĳ˵Ļȴ޷֤ʹõġ
̫⣬һΣˡ
ȻһУ˵ȴû̫Ӱ졣ʱȻ˹ȥϼŵױᣬҲٿ

ϼţڶǡͨѰҵѶϢ֪ϼţһǿµ
ǿ߾ѶϢɲ֪꣬ǣһλôȨǿߣУӵв׵Ե
ϼױᣬÿʮٿһΡÿһΣ൱һǿߵľۼʢᡣױٿٴΣͨĲҲ֪ôһʢˡ
ﵽ򾳵ˣûʸⳡױġƱơ
һţڳǶһ޴Ľֵ֮ϡ࣬ʽµŮӡһˣȴǾ켶ǿߡ


1024 ħѪ
ױٿϦոɽݱ˴˵ء
Χǿ࣬㶼ֳƣʾǰŮӿȻ߽ǹŵУʧ
ҲӴУԼȡ˳
ӭݰϼţ
ƳʾһŮӣŮϸһ֮󣬶ʱ΢΢Ц绨ĳ˵
΢΢һЦ˵ͷ˹֮С
׹˸Ƭ֮һƬ£ݵǰ
һµɽλһռ϶֮УһС硣
ңԶ߲ʰ쵵ĿռϡΨɽȴˣ
ޣǰɽ֮֡ض黨ݣ˵ʤա
ǰСɽ֮ϣһӴĻ֮ǰ˳ӿ㶼ǰμױϼŵ˵ӡ
ף⣬ⲻ𣿣⡭
Ȼ˾һ£ŤͷȥȴһߣһϲĿǰһߡ
Ťͷһ֮Ҳ۾һϲѣ
ѣһǧ˰ɣû뵽ˡλѹЦ
нǧ겻ˡҼǵ㵱ʱ˵ҪǰʮôŭħˣλҲǴЦ
ʮ˰꣬ŭħԵЧħѪŹġû뵽û뵽ڴ˵㡭ŵǿɻã
ˣͷʮǰ纣ʱһͷۡ㶼ˡȻһ̾
ô᣿ǷѶʱһ뱾һ𣿡
ǺġϾֻк壬ܱսŭħúôһģ˭֪겻ѡ
һǱĪⰡû뵽ǧǰһ𣬾ɾ𡭡ɫҲȻ
ҡҡͷƬ֮һڵӣ˵桭ԼǸյðɣϼױÿʮٿһΣѶöһͬȥɡ
Ҳʰһ飬˵ͷЦá
˵䣬һͬȥ
΢һüͷ
ȻλӦþǴӱĵطǿˡ
ʮĪͼУע춦ĵطݺȻһ
춦ңڿŲ֮Եġ
ϸѶ˵òҸᣬѯһʮڵλá
ʮߴ֮СλѼȻȥʮȻŭħ飬Ȼ벻̫Զǡ
ţҲ̧ǰȥ
һ·ȥ·󡣺ȻʮһȵױᣬڲȺǷǳġǿ߼ֱﲻ
⵱Уݻ˺ü̥ǿߣ
Щǿߴ඼ǰӵ˲ٵĵǿߣȻڲеλˡ
ĿǰΪֹݵûзֱԴǿߡ
Ҳ֪ûĴڡ
аš
꽪ҲǱԴǿߣǿߣȺУǷǳˡ
˻֮СȻݵ۾
һΪӴĹݺԼĪʮࡣ԰ټƵĴ׳ӣ֧Ӵ󹬵ÿһ֮ϣ·зݣޡӵȻҲǷǳнģң಻Եô壬Ϊƽ˼ɫ
󷽣һټƽ̨ԼĪݺᡣнɫĻڣҲ̨ǰһˮϯϯɽ亣ζ벼ζˮˡŮ뿡̷̨ǰ̣ߣá
֮⣬Χиƽ̨ܣÿƽ̨ԼĪһ׳ǿߣԼĶڷƽ̨֮ϡƽ̨йâ˸Ȼĳֽơ
ЩƷУЩƽ̨רŹǿ߰ڷűѡĵط
֮ڶ˶Цݵڹڣƽ̨ǰżפ㡣߾ߵƽ̨֮ȡԼı
ǿ԰ǧơϼŸ̷ĵӣѾǧټĹ֮УҲԵ÷֡
νǶʢ
ݿҲ̲סֱ³ƽ̨˹ȥ
󻨡ƾƷ˵ҩҩ
ؽƷﶼõƲϡ
ڤۡħѧ壬ޱħ
һȥ۾ȴ
ǵ򾳼ױᣬֵĶȻûһƽ
ҿݿĶԽ
й¯еؽױоƷҩÿһƽѵһĺö
ħѪһһǧ飿
ǲİ
ħǿ̥ǿҲܶԸĿֲڰ
ߵжΣһҵݵע⡣Ťͷֻһƽ̨֮ǰʱѾʮǿߡΪɧԽԽ˺Χ˹ȥ
ħѪҺͷһҲ˹ȥ
ƽ̨֮ʱȴͷ͵һâ΢
һ̥ǿߣ
λ̥ǿīɫһͨˡȻȻͨȴƽֻƽĶƽ̨֮΢գ·ڱĿΧΧˣҲǴʣ·û˵һֳȻĸо
ǰ⣬ǽħѪҺ𣿡
һ󣬷˲ᡣǿ̲סЩѯһ䡣
λͨˣſ۾
۾һţͨݣʱ˱仯·һ˲üһ㡣̥ǿߵɡ
ѯ֮ˣĬһ֮Ȼ˵ž򣬲ž뿪˵仰ֱ۾
λǿ߱һ£ɫʱһ죬΢֮ɫͻأˡ˵仰תȺȴǲ¶ˡ
Ȼǵǿߣλ̥ǿߡǿ˲֪ٱӲĵһ仰ȴƢҲУ뿪
ôһСΧǰ˼Ϣʱ䡣Ȼֿʼ˵ĵ
ħѪҺɵԪ𣬾ӵĹЧ֮ħǿ˲֪ٱĽħѪָοֲĹЧ
˶ԣָָֻ㡣
ֻǧļ۸̫һЩ˶⶯ȴû˳Ҫ
ݺĳƿСѪƿӿȥ˿Ҳʲôʵƿʵ¶˿Ϣ
ħѪЧҵѪڰ˲㣬ȴдѪԣаš
漴ڵǰһƿԼжٽ


1025 
ͻȻڣΧǿ߶һƽȻλò̥ͨǿߡ
˭ģʵǿ
пܼͻƵ򾳣Ӵ̥˰ɣ
ǳǡ
֮Χĵǿߣʱ˵ĵ
ҲǼ˲׵ġòͿ˼£пռ䷨򣬸ʿȥƮ첻·ʱܶʧվеĸоȺߣǵ֮еġ
̥ǿݵѯʣ۾֮У¶һ˿ɫʧȻصһͷħֻʮѪɱͷħʱ򣬲˷һ㡣һƿԼ߽
ԣʱȻ
ħǶȻû󣬾ԲС嵱еѪҺǱȻǳǧʮġȻѪȴֻʮﲻɼĺġȫԴȪ
⻰ݶħѪҺ͸ˣ漴Ц˵ǧ飬ɻȡһƿѪǰɣ
Ĳľ˵ǧ˶һɴ۾
˵ǧ򣬾һǧ飬Ƕͨĵǿ˵ҲһʲСĲƸˡ
ǧ
˵۾΢΢һ£ĿݡмȻ¶˼̰ɱ
̰ɱȻݸӦ˿ûб仯
ΪѾʲôƲ¶סˡЩҪǸʲôж
ݵ۽ǣӹһ˿Ц⡣
λ̥ǿҲ·һ˿ȣٶĿݼۡ˵ͷȻֹ߽ȽϷθڡȤǧȥģ㽻ѡ
ˣͲˡһЦ׳һǰһ㡣
̥ǿһѽס˴ʶУñѾĨȥӡĴ΢һ֮۾һһ֣ƽ̨֮װŽɫħѪСƿǳݷ˹
һӣ¶һ˿Цݣֱ˴С
㲻һ£̥ǿЩĿݡ
ǰĸˣӦֹ֮°ɣȴ΢΢һЦ
̥ǿ۾һ׶¶һ˿Цݣ΢΢˵ͷ
ħѪ֮Ҳ̥ǿЦЦת뿪˴˵ء
˲δֻͨһף˫Ƚˬˡ
뿪֮ҲĲ˼صβ͡һĨЦȴٹע

ױ˳ĽУʱƣǿߣҲԽ
ʮ֮һŭħڵءˣֻˡȻһᣬ˳ǧǿߡŭħǿߣȻܶ࡭
ϸĸӦţȴЩ̾
ط޷ۼô̥ǿߡ£Ҳֻʮܱߣпܳ˹ģǿˡ
ټϿ϶вǿûиģŭħеġΧĵǿľ˰
ݰš
ͬͷˣǾͻû
ĻμһױģҲܵ򾳵һҡ
ۼĵǿߣֻҪǧϡ
ǧǿߣǷǳֲ֡
̥ǿߵҲμһױģڶʮˡǰûĹ۲ţжʮĲϢȻ̥ǿߡ
ݰԹ۲ǿߵͬʱҲڲͣչ
Ȼϣ򾳼ױϣֵĸʵ̫ˡһ·鱦չ˲١̶̲һʱʱ䣬ͻѵ˳ڵ飡
˵չһǧģ
˴ģɨȻҲǿߵĹעˡ
˵ʲôݰĿǰΪֹѾչ˳Ļ㿴治ɫĲģȻӵеĲƸ˵Ͳʲô̫ˣ
ѵǵõĳɵȫƸɣôɹӻģ
˵˭ûд̽Ϣ𣿡
ʱˣûʶ
ǿڱ۲ݣͷȴǶ
˵һʼӽĳǧ鹺һƿħѪǷ׷ײĿĻôƴֵһʱ֮ھ飬ˡ
Ǵ֪ͨʦ𣿡
֪ͨˣʦڸ·ϡ
һҪˡ˾ǵõԶųŵȫУĻô飿һأܶˣ
ǣ
Удˣݡһ۾Щ졣
һߵ磬ɱӻ飬Ǿżʵġ
ҲϼŵıʵСܹѹסӡĻѾ˶ˡ
ЩʵȫӦĵġ⡣
Ī˵ĿǰΪֹĶֻǵǿߡ̥ǿߣһҲ⡣
۱ΪȻЩ̥ǿߵĶ֡Ҫ˵ɱǲ塣
ʮķ֣ǱԴǿߣԾԾԵҪ֮һο̥
ȻݲȵĺɨԼ۵Ķ
ϧռ֮⣬ĶȻҲǺ˵ȴȤȱȱ
ؽƷ˳ɰǧй׼Ĺʮ֡ƷҩңڵõЩҩмѾӵǣҪԼˡϣؽױﶼôˡҪʲôϣױʮ֮һķҪʲô
ҲֻнħѪͿռЩĿǰΪаĶܹĶģö࿴һۡ
ת˽ʱʱɫѾȫ
֣˵вʯôΪιһȦȴûҵ
üͷš
һ·õ˲١ǿռʵ̫ˣֻõ߽ģûз֡
ռϡ٣˵ܹõϵģͬҲϡ١
ҲһЩˡ
ɵΣͲʲôˡϹżгĴ㹻ÿ˶õɰǧġ
Ͼʧˡռ䷨̫̫١ֱӵ¿ռϡ٣ͬҲûʲôеʱ򣬾˷˿ռҲȡ
ûг͸ͨʯͷʲô
ԣռ٣ǳ٣
ݵüͷ
Ѿ㹻ýͼ򾳵ļˡǿռȴԶԶ


1026 
ǾԲܶõġҪش󻪹ϣ
ռ䷨̶ȲĻôͼҲֻһǿʧ⣬ͼĽ
ǾԲֵġ
ԣʯڱصõġ
һȦˣȴûҵʯüͷ
Ѿˣǡ
֣һȦˣҲûʲôرҪġ뿪ɣ
ţ·ǿߣڽ̸
ǵһԼ֪ɣױᣬֻǿθС˰ˡĺöɶڰʱ֮ϰԱһ򾳷ͷȴֺǺǵЦ
᣿λ֡Щɻ
ǰᡣϣöֵʱϼʮ򾳵ѵĺöЩרϼĵġȫǾƷ֮ױϵģҪõ̫ˡ׹ءλ΢΢Ц
׹ǡ֡ʱһɴ۾ֶҲ˿
ǿֹ򾳣඼ΪûкԵʡϾе򾳵ģһʱȱ˲ģ
ֻΪûк֪һô죬ҪŬԲһֱֹڵ򾳣д
ԣһ׹ڵǿ˵͵̥ͬͨԿסֿȳ̶ȣ֪ˡ
ȻġֻǼ۸ȴЩľλȴǸ̾
ľΣǿ߻㼯һһȻȫСͿˣ۾ѿڶ
㵱˼ǰ׳գһȥʲôҪˣȴǺĿ֣ĵĹҪǷǳϸģֻУˡЩбģжٸУֱ˭һǾҪһ鵽סʱ˳Ʋôȥ֮еˡô򵥣
Ȼû뵽⵱лЩĿɿڴŴ͡
ʵϣĿǰΪֹȥ׹һҲֻʮΰˡӵһױῪʼ׹ġڣѾǵڰ˰پʮ߽ˡԼһ㣬ĵļжɡַһۣȴ˵һ֡
֣ݶһ
ӵңڴУһ˲͵õ׹˿Ҳûʲô˲ȴ֪ͨĵǿҪõһ׹ʵǱȵ컹ѡ
ͷʱһ˿ǡ
Ϲ壬ڼ˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱǾͻʯŵгڵȴǹʲԷ⣬һжֻΪԼõϹʱеģ㶼ءֱӾ͵ǿԻࡣ
ȥȵƷĻ
ݵüͷʱУȴ¶˼˼顣
ǣ׹Ҫٵ鰡λɵۣƬ֮󣬲˳
һΣԼǧ֮ǰһǿչȥġŴܺãõϹһأȻûиôеĵͳƸȴǱһ㲻ʣĴһΣԼ˰ɡ̾
٣ڣ˲ɴ۾
һ룬ֱӾͿ
ĲƸԼֻ㹻һƤġ
˵ôԸˡڣֱӾͿ׹ʧȥԶɣҲԸⰡָп˵
һ㣬㹻ǿ߼Դˡ
ν˸־еΪɣǲԸ˵ġͺͷˡҲΪ׷ߵΪԸˡ
ŵ˵ǿ󡣺
ִƬ̣֮ȴҡҡͷˣżûҪΪһ׹һɡ
Ҳ׷ɵˡ
ʵϣΪ˵εĴڣ඼ǲ˺ˡˣȻͷǳˡȥʲôطʲô£˵ʲô˹ܡвҪѵΪǿߣм
׹ԴҲֻˡͨգõ
Ϲżô࣬Ҳû˵õ
׹ֻС֮Ҫ˳ǿɾˡ
ȫͨȣǷǳֲġ
ǻʲôôҲ𡣻뿪ɡ̾һ֮󣬿˵
׹ֻ֮һиıҲǲȡһ¡ҲֻаʱˣٵȵȰɡ
˵ţҲԽȥԽԶҲջ˷ϵע¶˼顣֮ȴ³һ
Ҫı䣬Ȼָı䣬ҲһһϦġĿǰû
˵ҪҸ˶Ÿɣǿ壬̥ǿ壬Դǿ塭ô羳أǿأ
ֲεĴڣֻҪһͷ͵
Ҫı䣬һУǿС
뵽³һĿ⿴ǱɫĻڵľ޴ƽ̨
ʯֱȷʸġϰɣ
аţ漴ĵȴ

ʱȻ˹ȥױҲݱľš
Ȼʱʱƽ̨ϻչʾıҲԾżмԼǵһβμױЩɻԱߵҲĸ֪
ʱʱˡ
ҲȻ򣬶ԼĶһͬǽɫĻŵƽ̨ȥȺš
ױϵıѾôˣ治֪ϣʲô
һβϼױģ㶼Щڴš
ʱţڣʱˡ

ɫĻȻ߶һƬ⣬˲޴ĸ̨֮ϣһĵŮӣЦӯӯվ˳С
ŮӵòݣҲΪ֮ǰһ
һϮȹĸݣȴ޶ˡ˫΢Ц⣬ͦı֮£һӣСڣʩ죬Ȼ޶ˡʤѩķ·𴵵ơǰ˫ȻͦΣ·Ҫѿӯӯһգ͸ɫȹ֮£һ˫Ծ˵֣顣
һԻ󵽼µŮˡ
ӭҰæ֮ϼŵڰ˰پʮ˽ױᣬܿϼ£лλлл
Ȼݺ׹̣öͷΪ֮һӯӯǷģֱ̲סҪһѡ
ˣܲϼŵױᣬҲҵҫ

ֻһ仰ȴʱö·ǿߵ飬һǴĻӦ
ݿһĻҲһЩЦá
ӣǿߣҲ˰ɫȻǻĶ˷ܡ


1027 Դ
λܿȻǾֳ·ӦЦ鶯ˣȴȻ⣬˿̬֮С
һ˵Ц֮󣬼ܿ΢Ц˵ˣлλ飬ٲʼֻˣһҲءԹʽʼϵһƷ
ܿأɫĻ֮󣬶ʱϼŮӣЩŮҲòڣĸϴ΢΢Цݡһһ̣֮ϣԽɫиһʣ¼ŮӣǴС
ݿȴǰԸ̾ϼžٰôױᣬȻɼȷЩмλŮӣûбҪʵȴӪһֵա
Ҫ֪ԽŨ֣ҲԽ˷ܼǿߣͬҲ⡣
ʽʼһʼ뼧̸ܿЦһЩǿߣҲǰһҲ¶˼ֺ档
һԣĵһһƷõļƷ֮һ
ʼĺƷΪ˳ա֮Ϊѹᡣ
һȣԴӿѪˣ׳嶯һϵжĳ׵ļ۸
ܿЦӯӯĵȴ̵Ůӣ̷ԼԵĸ̨֮ϣȻЦУЦһôױϣҲǺٳֵĶҲϼźķ˴󹤷ŵõı
żܿ⻰·˶Щڴһ̣Լ߸Ǹӣͱˣֱɡ
ܿԣʱ΢΢һЦãǵһƷ
˵ֱӳ֮ϵĽɫСʱ䣬һƬɫâʱӳնһɺƽ͵ķ⣬ӭ
һöԴǿ֮󣬻ɵ
ܿ΢Ц˵˳
Ȼһ仰ȴʱһȻ
ݣȻһֱӣ۾ֱֱĶ̵е
һɫУȻҲ֮ͨ̶ʱ˿ϢҲӦɫһȥʱ˸ӦеϢ
һϢƳȻƽ͡
ǷҵϢ
Դǿ֮
ӣȻֶ
⣬ԴǿߣҲȵİ
·ʱ¡һɴ۾ȫû뵽ĵһȻ
ؾͲҹĽ˰ɣõɮԪվὫһΪȥڷңʥƷҵ˵ⱾԴɮͬһ֮УҲħħԴ£޴ӽǲϵŭħһشҶܵõŭħУ󲿷ֵĵ򣬶ȥģηеħҪǡ
ܿ˵۾΢УɻһλԴǿߵĹŶʲôܿҲ˵׼һ׹Ź˼¼֮УԡǺǡ߿Գۡ׼ۣʮ顣
ܿ仰ͣһ¡
죬׹ңǲ˼¼֮еĹ
棬һ˲ͺ䶯ˡ
˶Ƿ˫ĿĶ̵УѴСģɢޱ߷Թâ
ʮڣҳʮڣ
ʱһǿߣĺ˳˫Ŀ죬˼¡
ʮڣҳʮڣ˵Ÿոأʱ
׹еǿߣĶƽʱ䣬ѵõԸɣˡ
ǿߣһʧȥɣԼ˵ģϾֻǿߣԸԼֶͨΣõ׹
һʼֱ׳ôһǲ˷ܣ
ʮڣʮڣ
ʮڣʮڣ
ʮڣ
·ǿߣкƬ̣ȻѾߴ˶ʮڣ
òٵǿ߰էࡣӹȻ˶ϰ߲׾ƽز¶ɽˮġ˹ؼʱ̣ȴһ¶ˡ
̥ǿߣǸ
Ƕ˳Աõ׹ͨ˵õġԣǵĹǲѸɵġ
ȻһŹǲ¼ģҲ˵ȫԴڸģ
Ȼܲѡ
ӵһ׹ļ壬ʲô
һǷ
ܿվ̨ϣȴ¶Цݡ
ֳ棬ȻԸ⿴ġ
Ƭ֮ǿЦҵ鶼ܸߣܸܿˡﻹҪѴһȻȷлһǱԴǿߵĹʲôϼҲ֪Դҽм۵ʱ򣬻΢˼һ£Ҫȥȴֺڡ
ʱ۸Ѿߴʮˡһ̥ǿ߽гġ
ȻҶ뷨ֻƣǵ֮Ҳ޿κΡ
û˸м̥ۡǿҲҡΪϼšϼűˡ̥ǿߣҲ׿ġ
ܿĻҲ΢侲һ¡
ǵҲỳɼܿ󡣱ϾϼŶǿԱ֤ġȻ˵Ҳ浽ǲ׹ǾĲֻ֪֪ʮƷµĹ˵пܡ׹̧۸
ǧ֤һơĵǿߣ㶼
仰˵һġ
ʤõ׹
ܡҲܵõһ
ħһ㹻ĳ׵ļλˡҪ֪ŭħУо󲿷ֵӯһֲֿħħǵؽƷҲѵԴ͸մȾһ˿ʧȥʶ񡣳ʱ䲻ųĻֱӱûʶɱ¾ԴӷӰ쵽𣬷ǳֲ
ħԽŨܵĵطԽΣաͬôҲԽࡣ
ŵķͿֶοǱԴǿߵķֱħĿǡ
ԣû׹ⶼһǳıĳһ̶˵Խ˵ؽƷʮڣﳬֵ
οпܿһ׹
ܿĻֳͣСƬ̣Ȼ
ʮڣ
ʮһǧ򡭡
ʮǧ򡭡
˼ܿĻڼӼ۵ķȣȻǱСࡣ
ģԽԽƸ˳ᡣˣڲͣĽмۡ
ʮڡ
ʮһǧ򡣡
ʮǧ򡣡
ʮǧ򡭡
Ȼĵõⱦһмۣ粽á
ݣҲӳ˼лعЩȵŤͷȥ
м۵ģһ꣬һꡣ
ǰʱݶʱ۾һ㶣˳
ˣǵʱλʯ


1028 
ʱλܶӡҪݹȥֱ뿪ˡǣȴʯйһġ
֮ϣֻʣλʯһλ껹ڲͣۡ
òᣬϢȴҲ̥ǿߡҿмⳡʯòƷǳĲԸ
ӵѣѾռߣҲûħֺαʯĳⲻȥأʮǧ򡭡ʯȻڡ
ʯѴԲӣǲλУô˵ĳռݡ⻰ٰĳްⱾԴǿߵʮѵһ˵ʯѹȥ⻰δЩƫ˰ɣᣬȻǼ۸ߵáʮڡǺȴǵȻһЦ漴ȴֱӼӼһڶࡣ
ʯüͷ
ʯ񡭡λ˸ˣڲȺȨ൱Ϊߵ飬˫ҲĲɿЩֵ÷з¼Ҳиʯ٣ֳײˣֻ˭Ҳ˲ˡ
кϷˡ
Ա˵ͷһ¶˼ɫ鵭Ȼĺꡣ
ݺʱԱ߿һġû뵽ⱳˣȻλꣿ
˵ĲƸǾ˵ĺܣѾеʮ˰Ա̾
ʲôϡģǿȻԽۻƸ˵ĸִƴȨƸȻ͸׻ˡһ˵
ԴɮлһѧȻȷǲѧȴȫԲһôƸҵҲҪ֮¡
۷׷ס
۸ߵôܺáʮڡ
̸ŵʱʯüͷƬ֮ȴЦһ漴һ֡
ʮڣ
ֱӼӼ۶ʮڣ
Ƿˣ
һ£úȻһɴ۾ЦŵʯΪʯ̫ˡ
һֱ鵭Įĺ꣬ҲȻһһ˫üͷҲǽңԶЦʯ
һĬ
ʮڡʯ˹ȻǲƴְǺǣӸ˿ҪӼۣ֣ܿҲЦΪңȻǼ۸ԽԽáģϲľ־ˡо϶ˣˣȻǸѪƴļ۸ߵס
⼧ܿҲ˶ǣϼҲСԵҲûɿֻǺȻѯʡ
һĬһĬ֮ȴȻĻڵӣʯֶ־ڱصˣ
ʯȻһЦ˵
ǡĳҲʯʮڣĳͳʮڣٶһ飬ʯȥͻȻЦĿֱʯ
ȻĻʱٶȻ󲨣
ּӼʮڣ
鰡ˮʮʮڵļӣ
һǿ߶ǵɴ۾һ
ͨǿߵĲƸҲǧˡλӸۣʮʮڵġδ̫̼һЩ
ʯ
ڶݵĺȻ֮һĿⶼʯЩ档ʯ᲻ȥ
ȻѾǵλ֮ʯѡ
˵Ĺע֮УʯЦݽϣòݡĶһ˭Ҳܿ鲢ƽ
ðŭҪм۵ʱһŮӣȻһס
ʯ΢΢һŤͷŮӡ
ŮɫȹòͬҲǣǵǿߡӸղţһֱվʯ
ʯŮӣŮȴδ˵ֻҡҡͷ
ʯ΢΢һ£ڶݵĳĬ֮һٶĿһȴջĿ⣬۾
һĻ˵Уһףʯѡ˳ˡ
˵Ŀ⿴˼ܿ
ܿ΢΢һЦ֪Լ˵ˡ
ʮһΣɻ˼Ӽۣ
Ȼ֪˳ۣܿЦѯһ䡣·һƬĬܿЦϲʯˣһöԴɮķڡ
¶һ˿οЦݡһΪõ˱Դһ棬ΪϣݺݵĴѹһ޵ʯ
ߣǰ߻ʹࡣ
Ŀ˾̾Ŀ֮ʱ
ʮһڡ
ܿĻδ˵꣬һʵȴǺȻ

ܿ󼸸˵飬ҲȻһ񣬸ǻһ͵ŤͷķȥʯԭЩƵӣҲȻѰҿ˵֮ˡ
Ƭ֮һݿµ꣬˵ǰ

򣿣
ʱ˶ʱ㵣Ŵ͡

ʯʱһ۾΢
м۵ģݣ
ΧһĿͶעԼϣݵȴȻƽ
ʵϣһֳʱݾѾҪ¡
ԭֻΪǷžž
й󱯷ƣʵҲνķžžǣֻеӡӡ޷õġ
ɽֻӡѾȹεΣžǷǳȤġ
ΪԼȱһŷŹԲ޷ȫžò׳һйطŵĶһǱԴǿߵķôǣ
һʼмֻۣٵȴһ˰ˡһѾˣȻҲûеȥ
⵹ҲǿⲻȥϾزʶûгԹûҪȥ˼
ڽ֮Ŀ⿴ʱЦЦǸǰҲǳҪ¡
Է̥ǿߣݵǱһ𾴡
ȻĻ֮ȴâһ¶˼ɫܺáܺá
ҧ˵šգһ۾еĲ
˵ֻΪԷ̥ǿߣǰһ𾴣ɲΪ¶ԷԷСεһ¼ЦһȴҲٹעˡ
ʮһڡ⣬λѳ۰ʮһڣɻг۸ߵ𣿡
Ǽܿ΢˴عһ֮󣬲ſ˵ֻһ˫Ŀѯ˵ʱ򣬶ǿݡȻͻȻɱݣ˸Ȥˡ
һƬž
û˻ش𡣼ܿŵˣϲλѵõԴɮķ֮ϼŻӵġܿ΢Цųգһ۾
⼧ܿĹŮӣһһЦȻĻһݣͷһɿһ¶˼οЦ
ʲôʱԼĶȻôˣ
εš


1029 
һƷĳ˰ʮһڵۣʱݣҲĽǿߵС
˭½İɣǰ
̥ǿں󷽣¶Ŀݣ̸
ΪҲǲסһ˿̥ĺۼˡ
ǵۡ
еңоǿռ䷨Ĺ׽գȥ·վ֮ڵģһִĴ֮ǿȻԶûдﵽԼĵ򾳼£ͨĵǿ˵ȴҪǿĶ࣬ɵϢͬСɣЩǿ߾㶼ӦǿƣΪжϡ
жȻǺȷҲ˵ǴġϾͨǿ˵ݵȷҪǿ̫ࡣ˵̥ˣҲ˵á
ֻǵõĳˣȻóô
ݵΪǸݲƸ
ʮ飬ȴ治ɫĲľóӴġңҲ׾óô˵ĲƸЩĶһңݣ̾
ݺʮһڵʱɵȻ˼¡ݵȻ˺ЩȻǲôʲƸеӡ
һԱ񣬾ôɾͷŹ˵ġĶֻ²ֹһ̫ߵˣǺ¡ֻһ뿪߽ŭħͶʱҪȥ鷳ˡ̥ӵ˲ƸȴֲƲ¶׵ĵǻǸҲǿ΢΢һЦȻ˵
Ʋ¶ףΪ̥ǿߣеʱҲҽԼвƸֳ졣λ̥ˣȴ͸˸ߵ£Ѱ֮
ʦ֣ͷ̫ˣ֪ͨʦǣܲߣ˵ʲôҲ˰
ǿ̾ȻҲвС֮ڱܹĵ׼
֮ǰڶ飬ѾЩжˡû뵽⡰򡱣Ȼڡʡ֣֮ǰԼ׼Щ̫ɢһЩǿ
ǣĲĿ⣬ԽԽľۼݵϡ
ȻҪ֣ǲܵġĪ˵ϼţڲУؿڣҲû˸׶֡
δи۳һԸűѪѹǷ঵ʱ˭ҲҶ
̥ǿҲС
ԣǴ㳤սˣһֱݣֱ뿪߽ŭħѰһᣬһɱ
ѪܵĴַʵ硣һжԹԴһ֡
ЩĿ⣬ȻҺ⣬Ȼƽ΢ЦվԭءΧΧٵĵǿߣкʶжǴʲôģݵҲûԣ΢ЦӦ
ǿӦе̬ڶԷԼ¶ʱǲںġ
֮УҲĲλʯƺҲйԼк˼ƺ뵽ʲôֻңңĳЦŵ˵ͷûй
ݣҲ΢ЦӦһ
һУڰнš֮УᣬȻɵĳС
ȻһĵıĺöıȻҲ쳣Ȼ޷뱾ԴɮķᲢۡ
ÿһν׵飬ǧҡɼϵļ𣬻Ƿǳߵġ
ݵõ˵һ֮һΧЦ̸һߣȴڰйעᣬֻΪȴǲʯ
Ȼʱһһε˹ȥټƷǲʯȴȻûг֡
ڣ׹Ҳˡ
׹˵ÿһϼױıƷÿһ춼ġļֱۣӾͶһ֮ϣ
ۺȴͽκΡ
׹ǵǿ߼Կûֲȥ׹Ҳô󡭡ݸеĲ˼顣
˵뷨ϼͬϼŵ뷨
ǼȻôۣԼɵİɣ
ʱһʱ֮ĻһƷΪ컯׹Ϊա
лҲ˴εױᣬױᵽڣʽĻˣʮ֮ٻᡣ欵ļܿ΢Цգգ۾ЦղųƷƲɽס
ܿ˵ĺǿʵϣղЩ˳۾ˣĵƷǶ飬ϼר˼¼˸Һҽмۣ˼ȴֳĻϼȻҪһƽϵġ
ױٿ˰˾Űٽˣտʼ֣ڼȫȻûеġ
ֵܣʱǱܿѾ¸̨Ҳʼ˳˷ȻҪɽףҪȴһղ̸һЩǿߣҲ׷Ǳиȥǵĵͷ
ȻЦŻӦһһӦ
ǰںɡ
˵䣬һĸݾϼŮӣߵݵԣ֮󣬹˵
õġŤͷһ֮󣬶ʱ΢Цŵ˵ͷŤͷ弸λʶġѡЦλѣĳ߻нҪɣձɡʱ䣬λúþ۾ۡ
˵˵
æġѾƣʱֱ֪ͨҲˡ
λǿҲӦ
ٶȵ˵ͷ֮ЦŸλϼŮӵ󣬳źȥ
ǰͬǽ̻ԻͣݻݶʱͿвٵϼŵĵŽס
ЩΪβ룬ЩǾ죬Щ졭ģҲΪ԰ټƣټĺУǿŽס
ǰ
ĿţԱߵŮӿкع񣬵˵ͷȥ
߹λŮȴǽһŵ᷿֮⡣
ǡ΢΢һЩɻ
ǰƷǱױ۸ߵıϼżܿԸ׵ġܿءλϼŮӶʱһЦ󿪿˵
ݶʱ΢΢һҲȻ
ڣκεطˡԼıǴȻҲˡǹͬ͡ն
ǰнȥɣˡλŮ˵֮󣬳¶һЦ֮ת뿪
ĿŮ뿪ҡҡͷתûš
ˡ

ܿݺȰö˵洫˳ӦŶ롣
Ǿɫļֱܿӳݵ
ܿװһ֮ǰ̨֮ϵװ磬ǳɫ欶ˣڵأȴһ޲ɷĸдݣ΢
漴ݱķ֣ڸ̨֮ϣ⼧֮ܿϣ˼Ӻݴȴ˼Ȼ͡


1030 δֵĲʯ
Ȼ쾡µͷ˳ġ
ʼŮȻΡЩǵˡ
ǱȽλܿ˵ȴ˼Ȼĵħ
ݽܿϣʱٻ¶һЦݡ˼¡
ҲֻǶݵһ֮󣬱ǻعܿӣīֲʲôɫ֮ͽһ֮Եˣ˶⼧ܿʲô뷨
޵ѣܿˡܿӯӯһݣһգۣ˵
仰ȴ΢һȴǻع¶Цݡ
һ˷ͷϼȻֲܲδԼݣȻԱܿɲ̽Ϣ
޵
ż䲼õʮֱţΪǳɫָ߹ϢȴֲĮ
롣ȻּܿԵĲ輸֮ϣһơ
ܿڴˣٴιϲ޵ѻñԴɮ֮
ܿûж˵ʲôϻһЦ֮һʱһƬ嫷⣬˳
ɷ嫣ԡУ񶨰̩ͨĸо
һ۾ʱһĿǷ֮ϡһֱ֣׳һʮһ飬һ¡
ܿҲ΢΢һ¶Цݣܿʧˡ
˵꣬üʶû˴С
⼧ܿҲǵΪݵĹ۲죬ΪҪʤȻ
Ƭ֮󣬼ܿһݣ΢Цʮһڽ顭
˵꣬ݸݣЦԴ޵һ¡
ȻҲһЦС
һֱͷŨķ⣬嫵¡ʵϣȴֻǱɢĹâûб
Դǿߵһεȵĺˣһֱѣɽתֲޱ޼ʡ
ȻǸɮ֮ĲֻķԣǿֲܣȴѾ֡ɷԣҲûбһҪ֣ſһϢħ֮£ʮΪֻֻʣ㡣
ǳĿֲ
Ȼģ⣬еŷѧ
ҪѧֻҪǷķСȻͿԳſܲзžžĺˡ
ԴӵڴиԷš١־׶ȹп˵ʱݾȻָоžž򵥡ֻҲá
ݵĿⶢ֮ϡ
ѴСͨ⻪ת財һ֮ȴܷ֣֮ϣȻһӶϡԺзĿָׯϣɢһׯغ嫵ơ
һ۾ϳλķǡ١־ӡ
ʱõʱһʮӣÿһӣľһѧõˣȡеʮֻһ𡭡ʲôѧҪȡ֮󣬲Ż֪ԡ˵֪Ƿ׹ŶܿһԿţ΢Ц˵
ȴʱһ棬̧ͷȻʮ𣿡
ţʮ𡣲ҡϸһȴܷһĹɣ·תݣÿһӶɱ棬濴һʱķ·Զ˿ͻأǳ档ܿЦŵ˵ͷ
Ҳ¶˼ɫȻҲем档
ʮѾߣֻһѾ޷ۿʱһĻˡ
ܷ֪ӵǴʲôطõôЩѯ
Ҫ֪򣬾Ƿʥش򣬸ǲһңԶԴĸɮô
Ҳ̫еѼϼų۵ģƷǳżҪ顣һ䣬òǴĳżзֵġʲôżͲ̫ˡܿҡҡͷ
ԣȴǻȻ˵ͷ
żǷǳǳģյĵطżǼࡣЩżƽû϶֮Уͨϴ󣬾ͿԵִգʵѰϹŴ󡭡ֻҪҵһ˷ֵżǾ׬ˡ
ȻΣ顣ЩżΣͲһһˡ
ݶƬ֮һӴȡһУ֮УȻջ˴
ɣֱվЦ˽ױˣĳиˡ
Ȳһܿδ޵ءܿȴЦһҡͷ˵Ӵȡһɫƣݸݡ
ǣЩɻĿơ
޵ǵڰ˰پʮ˽ϼױύ߳ߣŵĹһƣϼŵĹƾƣ޵ѽϼµκβҵѣܰŻݡʲôȴϼŵһʾ޵ѲҪƴǡܿЦ˵
΢΢һЦŵˣĳҲ顣лˡ
ϼһɣ֮Ҳҵ¥УҩеȵȡȻЩ˵ʱûʲôҪƣվҲʲô¡
˵ţ˹żܿȴȡһƣ¶Ц⣺Ǽܿƣϣ޵ܹ¡
ƣϵ˴˵Ķǿ֮Ҫ໥ϵͿ
һ֮Ҳ˹ԼһҲݸ⼧ܿĳơ
ܿжʱ¶Ц⣬˹ȥ
ƣ̸ֽһ󣬵ΪϾֻһ֮Եֻǽ׹ϵûʲô˵ģݸ뿪
ټĹ׻Ѿɣ󲿷ֵĵǿߣѾ뿪ˡ
Ȼ߳ϼŴŵʱķֻ֣һ˲䣬˷֪жͬʱϡ󣬷ų˹â
ͷһ¿һۣ¶Цݵڰеѣĳ֪ǵ˼Ȱλý˼Żȥ򣬺Ը

̫ˣ
Ϊ˭
̥ǿ𣿡
ߣǧҪ뿪ĻҪСӺÿ
ݵģȻǵǿߡݵⷬЩڰеǿһǾŭĪ
仰ǵûʲôãļȺǿߵɱˡ
ȴЩ
˵仰֮Ҳû˻شֱӾתȥ
УҲ֪ˣȥ

һһľ¥ݿһż䡣ӦУв˶棬ֻݸЩˡ
ȴδýħѪǷǣƣȡ˳
ʶУܿѶϢֱֳӾҵǸںλùŵϼױῪѶϢУҵλӵвʯˡ
ʯ
ڽױϣûг֡


1031 
ʯױΨһĿġֻһջˡ
ʯ̺ĿռʮֵĻ񡣱֮ҪǿĶࡣͼռ䷨Ĳѡ
з򵽵򾳼µѾ㹻ֻռ䷨ֻҪܹõʯȻþ㹻ռ䷨Ҳ£ټһЩռҲ̫ˡ
ǣȱʯôݽ̥ĽŲҪһˡҲ֪ʲôʱ򣬲пܴﵽˡ
ϹڼΪиУҲվ
ԣ취õʯ
ɽղʯδ֣΢ЩС뿪ױᣬʹǳϵһѯһ¡
ƵУйزʯѶϢڵһȻɵľҵˡҵѶϢ֮һ֡
֮ͨʱӿԺϢȻβݡ΢һ񣬶ʱʶֵУһѶϢ
չʯ۸յѶϢٻء
һ֣ʹһơ໥֮䣬ͨϵЧͬơ
Щ֮һ뿪ѶϢʶʼĵط
ѶϢʱá
ױᾪظѶϢݣꡣǵõĳϹżĲƸУĿǰڻ¥ĺŷ
ʱ̹עħӰţڣŶλظ߱鲼뿪һѪս
Ķ⣬ֻҲ
Ȼһ֮ȴȻķ֣ЩѶϢ֮ϣȻ̸۵ȫ顣סʲô¥ٺŷ䣬һˡ
Щļȥ
ǴԼ֪ɣλ֮ǰϣ˼˵ġŶ̶ʮˣȴ˲˵ϱȻзǳķбڶ̶ʮʱϵ
λɽãΪֱԦիڣԵš˾ͽȣԶɣˣһ棬ɱսֵǳֱֲ̥ǿߡ߻СΪ
Ϣʱ΢΢˴ȴǻȻ
ˣȺƵѶϢͨŵģǿߣҲ﷢
ȻѶϢģĵǿˡ
ݻɱ򾳣ȷ˺䶯вٵǿ߹ע
ɣ˾ͽȣԶɣ˶װ򾳵УҲֻ壬ȼ޵ְܹɣʲôݣܹɱˣ
ѶϢȻҲ˵Ĺעˣʾš
ǿе壬ѾǾѾһ˿̥ǿߣǳǿīֹ٣Ǻ޻֮˵ɱɱһҲͨɫ
ҿ֤˾ͽȣԶɣ˵ȷ䣬Ǳɱɱ˷֮ǻһ֮ԼϵĵѴԼ顣˾ͽȣԶѾ뿪г㣬ʱԼѾ˲Ⱥ򣬼ִʱԿ֤Ӧ֮Լݿȥɱ֮ˣûиϾɱ뿪ˡкüλѶۼ֤ġ
ϷҲڳĻӣ֣ѵȵȡǶ֤
ǿ߱ʾɣ棬ȴʱвٵǿ֤˵ǣһʱ䣬ǿ߶
һɱˡǸս
սˣͨ¸ɱġοһʮǧıֱڵؽƷбﵱУҲˡһҪӣҲ׷ϰɣ
Ȼ˸ߵˣٻЩµġ
ǿ۷׷ס
ǿʲôã幻ǿɣһȥˣڶִءָʲôҪ¡Ǵʧ̥ǿߣٶȣԴﵽаֻҪ̥һһΣգ
ûӸˣҪˡ
˵ʯ˳һڶʯ˻᲻⵱Ҳһأ
Ӹʯ˿ͣӸﲻʹ죬ֻʯ˾ʹˣ⻹˵׼
˵ЩʱߵݳͣһײݣԴ壬̥ǿ߶мô˫ֿʼˣڴĲɿء
ߴ̣ȴױԡ
Ļⱻһ̸۵˵ĶԹ֮ϡ
ݸעģȴߡ
ײݡǳԽ˾ƷʥƷҩû뵽ߵоȻС˵ǿеġߡʲôаţûȥŭħȻҲһֻ֪żţ֪зǳֲħħ˷
ħô⡣пռ䷨գܹסħ
һ²ʯҵĻ;콫£ȻͿԿʼ塣ҵĵӣҪͻƵֻ̥²ʲô¡ʱٽŭħҲ͸ˡ
аš
ΪʮݴӲСŭħȻ޵Уɱ򾳣Ȼˡ
ͼ֮ϣŭħ֮һǡ
ǵľʲôݻŪްݶŭħ
Ȼпռ䷨򣬿Ȼ޵С
Щȴ鱻عûκεĸо
ⱾҲûʲôֵúֵġ
Ƭ̣Ϊױ飬йسѶϢǳ٣󲿷̸ֶ飬Ҳʧȥ¡ʶڡ
̧ͷһܣ¥棬ȻвٵϢڰУڼ
ҡҡͷ֮ȴվ¶һ˿Цݡ
ңǾļӰɡ
һ֮󣬽һ磬֮УʧӰ١

ռ䷨ʵ̫ݵ뿪ΧЩ۲˸ûаֲֻΪڼǵʱ򣬾ǵǰȥϢʶ޷Ӧ
뿪ǵʶȻûκθӦ仯ȻҲ޴֪ˡ
ĵӶҶˣ򲻿Էɣ
ǿ߶
ǿ߲٣ȴһЩͨĵӡǶдڲԱڶ࣬ǹ㲼ߡ
ǣһ˵ӣ㶼㼯¥֮⣬εĶÿһλԱĻ¥ĹԱǣһëȻѡ
¥ֻѡһС¥ˣ̨ҲֻһСɣмԲ߰ˡǵǿĶ֣
һ֪ô͵Щˡ
ȻЩݣѾûаֹϵΪ̶Ƭ֮ѾԶ˲˿ĺ򡭡


1032 ̥
ħѪ֪ܷҵѪھŲأ
֮ϣԼĪʮ֮⣬һߵĺ֮ϡ
ϥһ߷֮ϣѾ½ƣƣͿ档
ʱװŽħѪƿЩڴ
Ѫɾ͵֮ǰҪĹֶΣվúôϧֱɾ͵򾳣ѪȴȻֻǵڰ˲ĳ̶ȡ
ңڵͳ֮أǽȴаĹ֮£ѪҲޣûдﵽھŲ㡣
̥ǿǿľ壬ҪһԴ壬ֲĲ˼顣ѪھŲȻþܴﵽֲΣ󣬱ȻҲм档
ԣݻǧ飬ħѪ
ȻˣǷܹЧһжֻǲ²⡣Ҳ֪
ڴĿһ֮һƿƿ
𣡣
ƿƿ򿪵һ˲䣬Ȼһɿֲ֮Ǵƿ֮籡ţһͷ֮飬ȻгҪȥ
ͷһ漴ȴ͵һۣ˫ͫʱ֣ϣҰ
˫֣ͫǿֲϢʱѹ¡
䣡
֮·Ȼײ˿ռ֮ϣʱֹס󣬿ѡ
ʱݱǿԿ֮ģ
һͷͨõ飬ںɫĸһƬƬڹ˸⺮ޱȣˡߣ޳֮ϣȴֻֻצӣɷƥͬ⣬β룬
ȻĶͷ֮ϣһֻɫǣȴԵüĿ
ǽħ
ȵݣҲ۾һɣЩ̾
ͨĵǿߣ˫ͫѹ֮£ֻѾſ˵ϡȻʱȻ˫ͫѹ飬ȻϣݣȻʱסҲȫֵ
ħǰ̥ǿߣǿľˡȻѾȻѪ֮л󲿷ֵΪҲ
ʱȴ
΢˶֮ȴЩĵЦڿȷˣħѪ㹻㽫ѪеھŲ㡭ħӵѪģȻѪȽϡˣϾѪ֮һѪҺԼ֪ѪѪȻеġֻѪΪ۷塭ʱϹ御ʧ弸ԵҲûи˵
Щп˵
۷壿ݶʱһЩɻ
û۷壡̥֮壬Ҫǿ壡Ц
̥廹ҪǿȴǶʱһ
Ѿʶ̥ǿߣȻǶԵУǴϢϣܹжϳ̥ǿߵǿơ
Ѫڰ˲壬Ҫ̥ǿӲĻһ˲ҪֱӱԷѹࡣͬն
ڣȻ˵Ѫ壬Խ̥ǿߣ

Щš
ȻһѪֱӴﵽǸΡħѪȻѪ̫ˡħѪ㹻ѪھŲ㡭ҲֻǸΡǣħ֮ѪھŲռ䣬ɾʹˣ
Ц˵ĸ˵򵥵ǿȡھŲʱǡһ̥ǿǡʮѪͨѪ֮ͣ󣬿Դﵽһ١⣬Ѫ۷塣
һ٣ݶʱɴ۾˵̥壬Ҫǿʮ
˼ӦҪͨͣѪãھŭħԱߣеĽħȷӵѪġҪﵽ۷壬Ǻпܵġ
ǰ˼˵Ѫȫӹ̥һˣݴƬ֮ȴȻʵ
Ȼǡȴ˵
Ϊֻ̥ǵ壿ҪĿ겻򾳣̥־磬ҪĻǶԷĸֻ֮󣬲ܹһΡ
˵ĵδϣĽѪ˵ھŲ۷壬Ҳǽ̥ΪûӦľ򣬾͵òɱ䡣
̥©֮еΣȵ֮Ѿ޷͸ǵʶӰǵḁ̇̄ͺһ̥ǵǣԴǵǲκ©ġѪǿҲֻǿȴﵽˣȴ˵©֮ˡһ㣬ɲܻˡ˵
֮ҲȻ˹
̥ҪģʵǴһ©֮Ϊ籾Դ׼ֻΪǿ壬ǿȡ
̥֮ڤڤ֮лһɴٶǿ塭㿴Щǿߵʵ̫ǿΪʲô̥ôǿΪԸ˵ǣѪ۷壬Ȼֽ̥ôǹһǿȡпͻ٣٣һǧȡĵ̶ȡһܺõĻᡣܹﵽ̶ֳȵĻܹѪĶҲͲˡ
󣬻͸¶һܡݵ۾ʱ
Щֻ֣Ǽ򵥵ı֮ȽϡѪھŲʱǿΪȽϵġ˵һǧҲǳԽ̥ٱǿȣ
Ѫڰ˲㣬ȴѾ൱ڵؽƷܹﵽ˵ǸΣ壬¶ܴﵽƷƷƷĳ̶ȡ
ǲ֮ûʲôطȥá
ԴǿҪɱ¶֡
Ҳֻл缶ϵܹʵв
缶ǿߣѾɳһ磬Ȼδ֮سʱԵУȻġĿǰݵΪ㶮˿ռ䷨ҲӲǵġ
ڴǿߣǾ͸˵ˡ
磬Լƶġ
Ĺ֮У˵ʹǿҲûá˵ǿǿٴҲǿ
ǡԳ桱һԶط
ȻǴ˵еļ𣬵£ﵽεģһֶֻĹЩ̫ңԶһЩ
ͷƬ̣֮󣬲Żع漴һĿ⿴ƿ֮ϣȻݵĽħ
ħ̥ʵֲǻţǶ֡Ϣֲ˼¡ʡ
Ѿ󷨣Ҳ޷ȥҪ𺳲֪ǿߡ
ݿһ֮һҧֱһڣƿеѪȥ


1033 ھŲ㣡
ѪֺɫŨȥ֡
ȻŹֵǣһ֮лɬѪȵζδ֡һŨ𵽼µζζ֮ըݶʱΪ֮һ
¶̩
ûʲôþȵġħ̥Ҳ©֮ǵ嶼޹û˿ʡοѪǴĴ֮Ȼζζ˻֮ħͨʣûл֮ȻҲûζһŨ೤㡣ˣԪ𣬿ɾħ֮ѪġЩֻħͨѪҺζǰ೤ƾã˿οǽħѪ
ݵľȣ˲ӦȴЦ˵
һ֮ҲǻȻ
漴еѪʱ˳ʺȥ
һŨȻţһɿֲĳ֮˲֮Уˣ
ݵɫ˲ǳһƬѪ졣ԣҲʱӿֳһѣ֮С·Ҫԡ
ħ֮ԼѪҩЧؾš˿תѪѪֻںѪ֮ʱϺȵ
ɫǳһƬͨ죬Լϣ¶·Ҫѿ
ѣҧأתѪ
ʱ䣬һƬѪɫ뵣˲佫
ħѪ̺Ŀֲܣһ̣Ȼ
·һͷޣݵθзҪ壬ѳȥ
ҰҲҪ
̥ȻΪĳԭûǣ̥ǿӵе϶ӵСһѳȥҲѰµ壬
Ȼ֮УݵѪҲȻӿ
ѪɫӿθУӦħѪʱȴ·˲䷢һ㣬
ǷɿֲȻۿɼٶȷɢݵȫ
ͨȻѪݵǿȣһޱȿֲٶȣ
ë׵Уһƺɫʣų⣬¡ݹеʡѪһŽƶᴩʼյĹ֮ǰѾ嵱еųࡣȻڹ赱УȻʣУδų
ν֮ҡңǲʡ˵ǡеĶųġ
ѪĿֲĳˢ֮£ЩҡҲһһų⡣
ͬʱѪҲͣšϵѪɫ뵣·һ㣬ͣ͡Ȼ͵һ֮ȴּٵţԭɺɫ뵣𽥵תһĺ졣һһѪĿֲϢ
̣ǻġѪ̫֮񱩣ȻѪɣȴȻ١
黹ڷ񲻸ʵţʱƣԽԽԽԽ漴ݾͲԼĵ򣬿ʼͣ
һģֻеķ򡣰ռ䷨򣬶ʼͣ
Żع𡭡ԪֻħͨѪҺȴӵͼĹЧħΪħһεûⷽ
ħȻϹкܴġ޵һΪڵϣϹһΪѪ֮СħѪҺЧȻΪ̺ԵɡϹı־
ݵԺ
ѪתѪĳõƣݵɫʱҲָֻѪеͣӿҪתѪհˡҲԷĺͷ˵ˡ
ͼУʮбעŭħУһɫıǡҲ֪ʲô˼Ȼ⺬ġŭħϹйأһ㣬ɡʮϹйء˵š
ϧҵļȱʧ룬õл꣬ûа취ָ̾Ϣ
żʱԣĺܡʮʱ䣬ֻҪҵΪܹﵽ羳ȻͿԳ̵һٲ㣬Ĳлˡ˵
ʮ㣬ǵ򾳼ޡݹţֻҪﵽ羳ͿԴﵽһٲ㡣ʱһţԽ⿪
ȻҪﵽ羳ô׵顣Ȼڿⲻ󡣵̫űĳһ꣬ʮ޴ҲҶԼһԺ谭Ĵﵽ羳
ϾﵽεģȷֻǷëǡž֮ҲֻǱԴǿ߰ˡҲС
ʣﵽ羳ǱȻġĻܺãͼǳɾʹĸѾ¶ɡȵ羳ʱ򣬸ʡݵǺġ
һ·Ҳò̾ݵ츳κιֻҪָ㣬е¡
Ѫǣңоˡ
ԣġֱ
ڵǵл⡣Ϲ⡭Ҳ֪Ϲʲôʱпܻʱ壬ֻ¶ҪһƬ֮С̾ȴϹ
ͷһѽȫ¡
ͷȻֱЩҲ޲¡ſ飬ŬСڵѳɣϾͿԿкܶǿġϹع飬Ҳʲôġȴ˵
֮Ҳǵ˵ͷ
ȷĴУȻ󲿷ֵĴʧͬҲϢꡣ֮УҲǿӿ֡ǿߣҲûС
ϾĐֻڱԴ֮ǰԴ֮󣬶ԼĵݺĹϹŵĴУҪҪҲеôҪ
Ҳ˵ȫĵͶ뵽Ѫ֮С

ʱȻƣ֪䣬Ѿʱȥ
Ѫ𽥵ıɡʱơ
ȻݵȻһţһɲȻƣȻϣ˳
ԡѪɫ뵣ֱͬһʬɽѪ֮ϵĴۣɽӣֲޱߡ
壬ֳһɼ᲻ɴݵ
ѪھŲ㡭ڵˣ
ݵ۾Ȼһ¶Цݡ
ħѪվǺľˡ
ħ̥ȻݵȴֻǴﵽ̥ͨǿߵʮ֮һⲢΪղȫΪת
˵ĶԼģȻҪһ۵ġ
ͺͻƹؿʱҪʯͻơȻͻֻ֮Ҫʯ飬ͿԽԪһ㡭ΪͻƹؿҪЩԼģҪ۵ġ
ϵѪɫ뵽ɢݣҲӵϣվһǿδеǿоء


1034 Ȼ
иоڵƾ壬ѾؽƷı档ؽƷֻҲƲ壡
ָоáֱ񫣡
ھŲѪɱԲѾǵ򾳣ѪھŲ㣬ɱǿߣͬҲ¶ЦݣͷȭԼ֡ͷϲ
һʱ֮ϸǵһѾɺ˵ĺɫգʱһƬȥ¶һ㾧Ө͸ļ
ּŮҲҪĽ
ȻȻҲ𪾧Ө̥ǿһļһĲġ
̥©֮覣Ѿ塣ݵѪǿȻֻǡ۷̥ܱȽϡ
ѾﵽھŲ㣬ҪǿȣͱҪǰŭħУɱħˡЩħѪѪǿȡ˵
ȻЦŵ˵ͷ
һ˿ɫ
ѾȥʱʱɫȻܻ谵óƿһۣӵвʯ˲δϵ㽫һպãȡһö
Դǿߵķ
ʮӣǣȥʮֻ¶Ϣ˺ҲǷǳġ񶼻ƣԴǿȫʢʱڣµľˡ
Ӧǻ嫵ķ⣬ȴЩп
ĿǰΪֹûԴǿߡ⣬ֻһƲлꡣ
Ҳ֪Źʲôϣķ
Щڴ
ʮһ飬˵ʲô֡ͬҲС֡ǲһϣܹõŵķӶзžžĺ
žžȴаⶼŹţɼ֮ͨĶңҲԲǿȥǰ򵥡
ܹеžݵսһ档
ϾŹעصľԡУкܴôġ
˵ŹռǸСУҲ֪ʲôݡСкڵңҲûа취ٷռ䡣ģģ¡Ҷ٣ҲԸԤ
ŹԺУȴȻһСеӰ
ռ䣬аꡣ֮ʱȴ١һε٣ǡ˽١а깥ʱʱѹºҲôɵͻƵ졣пϾʱ˼άһŹֵĿռ֮ڡ
Сн
ֻСȴصĺܡȴֲ˵ʲôֻЦЦʧʵЩ
ȴԽСɲ⡣ڵݣǵǿߣҲûа취ռ䡣ǵСУô£
Щ
ãȴҲ벻ȻһҡҡͷŽĿ⿴еķ
ְĵá
ŹƽͣȴֺȻһаħĿǡ֮ڰ
ǷŵķԴأʥءڳĵطȴܹķǿߡ󻪹ҲʲôɡȺͬҲŵɡ
ˣŹԵüΪˡ
ݵĿ֮ŲӡķӣһĿӹһ˿â
ֻһʱǷӵü֮漴ֳ⻺
ʱ䣬еʱʢܡΧһȻһģǷ֮Ʋݡ
ݵ鲢δκεı仯ָûаֲȻ⻺ᶨš
ɫķʵʵĽââ࣬žķȥǷ
ڣ֮ҲʱԹâҲʱ䰵
һĻݿȷԼĲ²ûд󡭡öһʼǿ󵽲˼顣ÿһͶʱҪɢٵķ⡣һӱ룬âʱࡣͨ򾳵Ҳû̫ˡ
˿˹һŷѧҲġһΪü۸ߣһ棬ҲҪȥǿһЩ˲˿ϻǮ򡭡ݿűȴš
漴㽫ԺĿ⿴Լָ
ָʳָ֮ϣʱһ貵Ľââʵʣơ
ݱȴû̫ĸо·𲢲ʲô
ϸĶƬ̣Ǿġ
Ϊƽһݵͼѧϰ֡ЩģϹŴɵġ
Щ𲻶Ҳ֪ǷʲôɣݿƬ̣ȴҲûпȻ֪⾿ǲһŹ
üͷҲٶ룬һֱӵԼü֮ϡ
âüģʵȴǽһɺϢݵꡣ
ݵ꣬ʱһ㱡һʶУص
Ʈ޶ԶУӴݵΣһ˲䣬ԭء
ݵʶƲݵ֮ϣʱҲɢһƬʵķ⡣
εǿ󣬵иʧ״̬
Ȼʱâʶ֮ȴѾʧ״̬¶ãȻ֮ɫ·ҪʧһƬķ֮С
ˣ
ڴʱȴͻȻ졣
һȻը죬ֱͬƽףԭʧ˫Ȼ͵һʱʧɫ
ıһһӡ
ӡһɣơȻֻһ˲䣬Ƿ·ħʶʱ΢һͣݵǣҲһ˲䣬ȫ˹
ӡɣݵԭ飬Ҳ·һ˲侲ȫƽһǻͨ͸ĸо
־ӡ
ͷָһƬƽĿȴǿʶϿա
ͼ֮ϡһؽâžġֹڿУ֮ȴͻȻûγһʣʵķӰͼġ
ݵ£Ŀ⾼ĳʵķӰȥ
Ӱ·ǻַ·ƮƮ죬աʶеķģ㶼Ѿʧ˸һɶ
á
ÿֲķӡǡһŷķң׵ġ
૳ڣӡ
ͼ֮ϵӰ֮ϵķӣûɵġ
ķȻԵһ˵ֱӾҪȻ㡭ҪзžžֻһΣ鷳¡ҲЩصƬ֮ȴһȴЦ˳⹦ȥǳĲһ㣬һ׬ˡ


1035 ̾
ȻղŲ㱻ȻʧȥҡΣѾȹûʲôˡ
ҳΪĶȻǰԵ
ŹǱԴɮķ֮ϵĹѾͣӵԡͬϹһ㣬бܣȴûǻۡ
⹦ȻǲϹġϹԣΪǿ󣬼Ȼ⹦֮ϵԣȴǳС׾ͻɢ
ղŵһȻȴΪݽӡԼʶ⹦Էӵá
һ潫ڸݡһ棬ȴֱԷãҪȻ
˵ԵҿŹԵġֻϣϵİԵŹȴǴӹͰԵޱȡ⵽κҪˡҪȻֱԵ˹ˡҡͷȴЩء
Ȼ
ŵĽ壬ǶȻ
գն
ÿһҪȻ
ղţǷҪͷһݣֶþž֮һġӡݺпܾҪȻӴʧȥңɲ֪
ֱµ˼㡣
һȻݾҪΪϵͽӴ˶ţշ˵¡ʲô֮ڵУ㶼ҪȫԺ󣬼ǣҲǹž޲ͬİ·
ǷǳµģΪⲢݱ⣬ǱȻġ⵱зǳǿԵ档
ң⻹ΪѾ˻ţȻĻݴӴ˾ͻΪ˵ūͣϥĹԸùΪġ
ɼԵ֮
ԷŹҼϡһӡ󣬲еķŹӵжȻĵãֻмǳߵľɴ˿ɼšڷŵУҲϳ˷𷨡пλ˵޹ֻǲ֪õλΪʲôŹЩɻ
ΪҲֲЩӵĹǿɡ֮ȴ˵
ҲֻһʹԼԽ͵ͨˡ
ǰȻ˲ٵķ𷨣˿϶ѾõһŷŵٹŻ˽˵
ԴǿǱȻӵ׹ġȡʮӣһ׹ҲûеõĻǲӵġΪˣǼͿԿ϶Ӿһ׹
׹ĻһŹͼֵ顣οһöأ
ȴ˵Ҳһ˿ڵؽƷ
֮׬ˡ𷨷ǳеһ̶֮ҲӵжȻĵֱԡп
ǷҲûжȻĵġ
ŴԣҲ¶Цݣ˵ͷ
𷨷ǳ£ҪУֻµý֮زпܡϾڷķ˿Ҳá˵
ַ֮򣬲ֻСķһй򣬶ڵ֮֡аŵķ
ܼ򵥰ȫԶһЩ󣬵ˣڵ֮СʱʱԽУ򡣡˵
ԣҲǵ˵ͷ
ٶȿ˿ͼ֮ϵ޵ķӣȴǷһ˿ڴ
ӣǹݻɵġһöӣȵʼ֮ӾͻῪ
Ǹʱ򡭡
žܹˡ
뵽žݵ۾΢
ǾضԽ
ʶر壬ʱɫȴѾ
һҹʱ䣬ħѪѪﵽ˵ھŲ㣬ǿȣ˼ࡣĵͨҲԽһſԴﵽһǧľ롣ࡣ
еĹȡ˳õһŷ׹˹ӵжȻĵ
һУֻǺķ˰ʮڲ顭˵ֱǾţһëջ񣬼ֱ̫ˡ
ħҲӵͼĹЧ˵ȥѰҲʯҲԽ򾳼£
ݵͷĶ
ԵѪ۷壬ҪɱħӶѪѪУӵϹѪ֮֮󣬷ǵԽԽǿҲ
ȻٶȣԶȲռٶȡ㻹нġ
һ֮ȴһٵȵȡϣҲӵĿռȽϵĿռﾡ£֮˵ɡ
ţͷһѾ˲ٵ֮˴һſգʧ

磬̫ˣȻҲҲһΣ˵ʲôҲܷŹ
ڣһݻĸ֮ۡС
˾ͽԶɣҹ̵ĸʮ·ǵִ˲ǡ
ʱԶһŭšǰһꡭ̥ǿߣ
˾ͽվһԣУȴ˸ݣвƽ˼¡
һ··;֮ϣҲעƵеһЩѶϢǰǵִ˲ͣĳŲзСȻϵʱǾƵУйݵϢ
һ֣Զɶˡ
ݣȻڶ̶̲ʮʱʹ˲ֱǲ˼飡ǵöٶȣаֻҲɣ
ϼױ֮ϣǴֱʵĻ˰ʮڵ飬Ǿ
ʮڣԶϵĲƸ¶ڣݣȻɵģó˰ʮڣ
ǣױϣݣȻ̥ǿĪ
ȻֻǽӴΣȴһɲĸоܸоλݣԴһȾͻɵµˡȻҵ̥ǿߣ˵аնԸ
뵽˾ͽȵȴЩˡ
ƵӦԼȥŷǵûκε飬ȡԼĵؽƷ봢ԼԶ˲Ҫ˶ԸݣǵʧȥĶҪҲݳΪС
зǳԤС
ʱԱղѵԶɣȴǿɬΡ
֪վͲӦԶɵİ
ڣҲˡҲֻܼֻλ̥ǿߣܹĶԸˡ
ɫѿĪȴ˸ݡ
֮³һ૵𣿻ɡӹɳȺһҪ·ĵҲ
磬˵ʲôԶɷŭһȴش𡣺Ȼ΢΢һЩɻĿ
ݳĬ֮۾ƸӣֹԪɱˡӦҲǵõֹԪϹżеˡû뵽ʯȥг̡Լȴˡ


1036 
磿ԶЩɻĿȫ߶ʲô
һ󿪿ڵ֪ˣǶҰĵס£뿪ǷΧ֮ȻȥԸġ˵ţУ¶˼ɱ
ϹżС⼴˵УҲû˵м˵õˣҲ˵С˵ľԸ߲㡣
ܹݵϣõżһеĻ
ģУҲ¶ȶ̰Ĺâ
ʲôȻȻ˵
վ΢΢۾Ƭ֮˫ۣȻղŴϢλѾ뿪Ǹ¥ǧµУƺҪʲô
ʱԶ΢һ漴ʲôˣϣҲͨչռҲ֪Ҫʲô
üͷҲ΢
˵չĶУħѪ֮⣬ҲռӣЩкҪãૡ
ױ֮ϣݴչڶ˵УעҲԱߵǿ̸Ķ
ˣҪʲô𣿡λ국Ȼڡ
֮ȴ΢΢ҡҡͷˣʲôҲûáڲڣΪһε£ڲڲٶʲô֡ȥɡֻҪʱ̹עĶ뿪ǷΧʱ򣬵һʱ֪ͨҡ
ǡͷӦ
˵ôˣ˴δȻ뵽塣
ʯ˲ٵִŵˣҪ塣ֱӻص
¶һ˿ЦȻųһ۰ɡ
ǡٶȹ
΢΢˵ͷȻѯʵīΣ
ڷֻܽǡһ档Ӧ
ã۾΢΢һУȻǸļһǡҲգ㰲һ£ýȥһɡ
ǡٶȹӦ
˵ͷ۾·˼ʲôϹЦ

һټɽС
һƬɭĻĵءĵ֮ϣһȺȺʮӴиǽڣȥ䱸ɭϡ
УżһشЩ⣬һЩǿߣϸһӦЩǿߣǵ򾳵ǿߡ
ѲؿУȥ·
ɵǿҪǴȥֻҪˡ
Ϊǿ߼ÿһǸ߸ϵĴô飿
֪˵ʲôõģֻҲͲ̫ˡΪѺǿߵ

ЩѲߵĵǿߣ˵ˡ
Ϊʲô׹Ȼд󲿷ֵĵǿ߲ԸˣΪԭ
Ϊ˵֮һжɸ֧䡣ʲô͵ʲôǷǾ͵ͬǱˣҪ⵽׷ɱġѲߵ飬һĵ˭ԸȥҲֻ˵˱ΣŻִС
ټĲУѺ˲ٵķˡЩˣһ⣬ǵǿߡ˵˲࣬󲿷ֶ˵ġ
Ϊָԭܵͨá
ī죬еһη֮С
谵ηûһ˿Ĺ⣬Ҳûκεΰʣֻǵ˺һɲݣī죬档
û˿ĲһƬȻУȴǷŵȻԭأϿƵҲ֪ʲô
֨ѽ
ʱηűƿţһŲ˹
īȴûаֵĲȻԭأδΪ˽κεĲ
鷳ˡ
һӵīݶʱһ̧۽ǡ
ֿˣȥˡкһһ
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롣
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磡
ȻһŨŨĿ
ī׻Ȼ̧ͷӳǰ͵̽˳ȥͿһŮӣһ滨˹һӡ
أīʱɴ۾˳
磡
Ŵ۵ţŮӵ֣סī֣ȴʹ飺磬硭
üһ棬ϣ״˵˼ӿһĻȴδаֵı䶯ȻĿ˵˵֮תаʱʱ䡣
˵֮󣬵Ȼȥ
ī첢δһֻۣǲΡΡĸŮӵݣ૵û¾ͺãû¾ͺá
磬硭ءԲ𣬶Բ𡭡ŮӵʮֵȻʱһ˫ȴѾ޵ĺסץī֣ȴǲͣ˵ŶԲ
˾ȵǣλŮӣȻҲһ򾳼ǿߡ
ֻϢȥǳĲȶ·ĳӡһ㡣
īĵǸȴ¶ȻЦҡҡͷû¾ͺáƽͣŮӵУȴŨŨĳ硣
ҲãҷҪȥߣҲ˵ҲͲᡭԲ𣬶Բ𡭡ȻīĻȴδãŮȻĿšץī֣Ըɿ
⻰īУҲ¶˼Ȼ
ǲȺϲࡰǱʿһҡö˾㶼Ǿž֮ͨŬУȻ˫˫˵򾳣Ϊǿˡ֮Ǽˡ
ŭħеǿ߶ܺӵ֮̽ء˳ɾ͵֮Ҳ˲ΪԼΪŭħա
һȥҲǱȽϳˡ
ֻǣʮ֮ǰŭħգǡ뿪ŭħʯˣûҪռߡ
ǡ·ߣ˼鶯˵˫սң˵׼Իˮ㣬жһЩ
ī쵱ʱǼԣؼ֣īͷǳĳ硣˼֣գ֮£ҲֻôӦ
ǶڻҾ֮£ߡ
˫սսûע⵽͵͵ȥˡǻߵжһЩǾ͵뿪ʱȴǡø֡
ռ죬ʯ֮ᣬѾŭˡǿҲԣʱŭգ˷˹
˲ǵǿߣ̥ǿĶ֣һ֮˫˫õıȻҲȡȥ
ͬʱ˷˵ǷǳĴ
Ҫǡǵ񣬾к³


1037 ī
ҹ롣
ϧ񶮵طܹǧ׷˵䡣Ǹ·ӡ
ºǱ㱻ھǧ֮ĵطץ˻
ɻǣȻδֱɱǣһֻǣӡص֮
īһֱɻ񾿾Ҫʲô
ֱһǰ˹
ǴΪҪЮҪīȥ壡
壬˵ʯµĵһ󽫡ʮǰɱ˲µӶǺޡ
˵ͻ̥һͻƣôߣȻҪ֡ȻԸ
󲿷ʱ䶼ʯһ𣬻ɱһȫáΨн˵֣ĳ֡
УɱɡƢԱ꣬ͬ壬ǳġΪʯһ¾ֻһңʮֵϧеĵԱ㶼ˣ顣ң󱻻٣ԱɱȻŭաʱ򣬱ͻһЩ顭
ֹ٣ˡȷġֻ֣ǱƵġ
īȳ֣ٵң󣬵ѾɡֹֻǱȷ㴥
һī컹⡣ֹֹ٣һɱһ˴ƻͬҲ˵˹ˡ
īɿڣ˵һı͵ͬܺߣֹ٣ͱʼٸߡ
ɫһõĻһγ֣ҲͲǴ˹ˡȻҲͽܵͷ
һΣΪֱӴ壬ڱƲɿ⣬˷ǳ𵴡ԸѪѹ
ѹѹˣ⣬ҲĲŲʡ
˵һǳءʵ岻˵ֱӱɱѺǧ꣬꣬ûпܣ
ī죬ΪһֵˣϣѾû˻·Σһˣʹɡ֮Ʋִ󣬿϶Ҫһˣƽġ
⣬һ¾ҪΪ
ѹؿ޵ģˡ
Ϊī죬ߵ档

Ȼһسŵˡߵ֮뿪ǱԺ󣬲Ҫī쿴ʹޣȻĬƬ֮ȴ˵
ҡͷֱ䡣
īȴĿӽԺһߡӣҲҪһġ±ǿ̫̫࡭֪𣿡
硭īʱĵȴ
ɵѾͷī¶ЦݣصͷصᣬǻҲֹס
ʱʱ䣬˵ܳʵȴǺ̡ܶõĻ棬ϾīٲͣĶأֻˮţֳ
ʱ䵽ˡ
ʱ֮꣬׼ʱĳˡ
磡ؽץסī֣¶˻顣
ȥɡīȴҡҡͷص̧֡ͷ񣺡ϣܹسŵ
ֻҪ㲻ԣ˾ͲΪءȻĿһ֮󣬿أ߰ɡ
磡ٶȿ޺˳
һ⻪ס壬Ưת뿪ص壬ҲƯ˳ȥ
磡
صʹ֮صη
۵
ŽգҲʧ
īĶʧĵطգϸֳһ˿԰׵ĲЦ
֮˫ˣ·ʧȥ˻ǡ
κ˵һп顣

۵
Žգһ⻪ǽƣֿˡ
ʧǵ̱ڵϣһ˫ӣʱҲѾײѪ˿
Ҫˡ
ԺУͣ֡
Լʹʱ򣬸ϸĵİοΣյʱ򣬸罹ʱ򣬸εĿЦ˵ʱ򣬸ϧı顭
һ㣬һĻĻһʱ㶼ӿ˳
ڡλοԼżԼԼϧԼĸ磬Լˡ
һʹϯȫ̲ס

ֽ̫£̫¡µԸܣ
Ҫ취Ⱦȸ硭һҪȾȸ硭
Դת˼ſԾ¸İ취
ǣʲôûСûκΰ취
ʶκܹӰ쵽ˡڣ뵽ʲô취
Ȼ̱ڵϣˮ

ܶӣ顭
¥¥һż֮СʯԼλǿߣò͡
¥ʢľ¥˵еһλ̥ǿߵ²ҵһĵǿߵľۻᣬѡ
ƲѾĹ룬ȻʯѾ˲ʱˡڣʯᵽ֮ϣλӡ
ڴˣȻܹϳλӣǵǰ˵λܶӡ
ʯĻ̧ܶ΢һ£Ƭ֮̾һʯĳԸæ£ǳѰ졣ǵĻɻǺпܵģûκε֤ݣֹٸһɾִ֡ټҲڱʹǰЩʱʮ˴ģԸѪѹҲ֪˶ԷҪദ¡ĳİæȴҲ޴ְ
˵ţҡҡͷ
ʯʱ΢΢һ䣬صĵҪദµĻôпܵĴǡ
ܶһüͷ֮ҡҡͷ˹עʵǡ̡
̣ʯȻվɴ۾Ĺƣ˶ܿΪλ
û֤ݣһжǿ̸ܶӴʯĻīһҧԸû˴ָʹֹٷìܣŶֹ֡ܺߡ죬ѹī첻㣬ܺҲɱһ߷˵ɴĳƻʹ˻ַ˴ģԸֵ̫ˡɱƽߡ
ʯʱɴ۾֮Žҧأ¶˱ŭĻ档
ܶҲ֪鲻ãڿʯһ֮̾һվ£ֻ˵һᾡΡҲ޷ȷ
ʯһмĿܶӵˣͶлˡ
ܶҡҡͷҿڿҲûȾƣɡԼ֮Ҿȸˡ
ߡʯվ
ܶҡҡͷʾʯԶͣ߳ż뿪ˡ
һʱ䣬ż䣬Ǽž


1038 չ
һβʯʯļţ㶼ǵǿߡ
ǴʱɫҲǳѿһðŭ
ҿɴۼһˣֱȥ˲ȥһֻʮ򣬵ҲʯĶ֡һ˺Ȼŭҧ˵
ƨ˲֮ô죿ȥĶ˴һͷҵǡʱǶôȥһǿ߶ʱŭ
ô죿ѵȥɣһʼ˵˵˵
ͲǾˣǺˣʱУµôӳ飬ܻа취ġһǿü˵
ʲô취һʼ˵ȴһī췴ڣĻûܣ
ī췴ڣ仰ȴʱʯһ𣬶ŤͷԵһӣ⣬ȥ̽Ϣ̽ôˣī죬Ϊλ˼ᶨ֪ҲҪ壿
̽ˡԵ˵ͷҴļŴ̽õϢ˵ΪñˡīǿãΪϧƿһ㣬ī˼ġ
ãأʯ¶˼־ȣü૵˵ܳʱѾڲ֮ǰΪ뿪ȥطû뵽ȻǱˣ
˵ֻҪã͵ǿղȥ۾һǻʲôֱӽץˣʱ򣬾вī죬֮֮һִˣһ֤֤ǱָʹȻᱻϳͣ
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⡭ԾʱһйҲֻ˵˵ѡȷڲڳﶯ֡򣬾Ҫֱӱѹ
ǶϴŪöṇ̃
ҪȥһǹѺĵطڳأǲǾͿˣԾģǶһȥ
Ѿˣٳ⣬ĸۡȻһ仰ƻˡ
ĸۡˡ˵üͷ
֮󡭡
ô죿ĸۡȻǽ䱸ɭϣǿ²ſҪ֣ܽС˵ȥץˡһǿߣüͷĿ˵
ͷٶȳơ
Ҫô֪Ĵ潫˸أ
ʯҲüͷ
֪أǽΨһϣˡܽŪ֣һоͶ˵вī첻ڡòһжǿ̸
˶Ѿע£ǱȻʮġܶ˵һ㣬һʵ壬пֱӱд̣
Ҫô֪ĴŪԾץĿ˼ڤš
֪Ľ˴
Ȼһ仰ȴʱʯһȻɴ۾
а취ˣ
ͽȻȻվ۾¡
˶˲佫Ŀ⼯еϣһ㵡
ʯ磿а취ˣ
ʯ¶ŨŨ˷֮ɫûܹһˡĻ
ԺУһĻ
գ
ʲôȶգĸأ
ȻתֱӳȥǸԻؼңϢһ֪ͨǣ
ڻصȴѾʧż֮С
ͽżһԴʺš
ǡôˣ

棬Щһʮ顣
ĲǣϳǵСһڡ
¶ߣһЦĳݵͷ˵
΢Цŵ˵ͷһݸһ㡣
ǣС϶ʧˡ߹Ľӹ˴˼˵һ֮ʶԼʶȻϸ㡣
Ƭ֮һЦûû
ŵ˵ͷװŲĴת˳ȥ
棬ߡ߻ſڹС
ݵϴЦݣȴΪп
ΪȺ֮׵ۼ˴ԴȻǲȱ
ͷʵѾ㹻򾳼¡ǣﵽ̥ΣЩȻǿ֮Уͣǿĵġ
Ͼ̥֮ǱԴԴ֮ǻ硭ҪɾͱԴɾͻ磬ҪдС
˴ʱǷϹ֮ˡ
ͨ㸻зҲǷǳ޶ȵġ
ǣϹȴ޾
ϹŻǣϹľǣϹŽҲˣ
Ϲˮչ̺ķ֮ƺ嫡Զе
Ϲһֲֿˡ
Ҳ֪ռûϹſռͻ뵽
漴ȴЦҡҡͷ
٣δŹ
ڽֵϣһĿǰʶӦ֮ȴǷ֣вˣȻڶ
ϿʼһֱڣʹûƽĿⶼ⡣
ݲںЩȻصչԵʮ⡣һ㶼ûзһ㡣
Ҳ֪ݾ֣ţٰиĵǿ߶Щơ
ԼʵõϹżУԲһɣߣ뿪֮ҿû˵Ҳŭ쳣
ӣֱЩǡ
Ȼһж˵ȴ¡
ǰһ·ΣʱҵһС
Դḻǿ߻ۡУҲǷǳġ
һЦݣ˽ȥԱ

ʱܿ˹ȥһ죬ݾչ˽ջ
ȴЩΡ
չʵЩʱһ죬Ͼûʱȥˡ
ܹһɰæǾͺˡЩˡ
ֻҪƤӣȻ˰ȡҪ飬к͵ȴȥҪݵĶࡣ
ӣպбҪ֯һˡаš
˵ľϾ޵ģÿ¶Ϊ
ϹڼԺ϶ǳĶࡣʱ򣬾ǰֳٷݣҲáҲ齨һЩԼİˡ
Ȼ齨飬ǻص󻪹֮ȥѵѡȻ޼ҡ
ϾǴ޼߳ģչ޼ң׳޼ңҲ顣
뵽ЩˡܿģҡҡͷһЩҵ뷨Ժ
̧ͷ˿ɫѾȫڰ֮Укܶ಻Ŀע⿴˿֮ת
ȻЩҲţѾչȥ
һ¥һϷסС
ƾ¥
ǣһòС¥֣ٶڵ򾳼ǿȦ


1039 ʯ
ûϢ
Ϸڣüͷ΢壬ƵУȻûдλӵСʯ֮˵Ļš
չд󲿷ֶռķǳϡ٣ȫռ䷨򾳼µġԲʯȻڻ
Ѿȥ˽һʱ䣬ˣȴδš
ʲôˣ
Щɻš
Ƭ֮εҡҡͷ
ҵ˵ϣˡˣʱҲ޵ĺܣͲȴˡսŭħƾħѪҺҲ㹻򾳼µġҪѪе۷壬ҲɱΪٵĽħ
ݺȻһ¾
ħѪԵҲв׵ЧȻԶֱչ黹еġ
ҪѪе£ȷҪΪٵĽħѪ֮Уһá
¾֮ݵҲپᣬջ˴С
ŭħѪе¡Уȥͼע֮أʲôء
ݵϣ¶˼˼һ㡣
ϹѾ½½Ĵʯгˡһ־Ѿȥһ꣬˭֪ʲôطǷг塭ʱĲˡ
Ժ˼ңҲ֪Щʲô
ˡ
˼һʱ֮󣬺Ȼһȴ
ݶʱع΢һſڿȥüͷȴ΢ӹһ˿á
滮ź·ͻȻ˴ϣʵЩˬ
ѵ̲סˣ
ݵһӦ̲סˡתһ֮ȴ־ԡ
Ҫ֣ϾͶˡܵȵڡ
Ϊ飬ǴھԵϴʱڣ˭ʱڳж֡ҪΪʸ֮ġΪ
˼ţȴǿڵ
֨ѽ
ű򿪣Ȼֵˣȴݶʱһ

¶һ˿⡣
Ǻǣ޵ѣʯĳðţ°
ˬʵЦߵĿд˳һЦţһ߽˷С
ʯеһ漴¶ЦݣҲվӭڼ䣬ߵĻʲôʯ˸ˣǺǣ
л
ʯ¶Цݣ˵ͷ
ⷿ仹Ǻܴģ֮أ֮һǷ䡣
װķǳţһֺʵĸоݸղڴϡ뷿ͨģһԲιţһ۾ͿԿʯ
ðã޵ѲҪְʯ֮ٶȱʾǸ⡣
ݵ¶һ˿⣬΢У漴ԼҲЦŵʯǹˣŶĳٸԣʲôһ˵ɷĳˡ
޵ڿνͷʯĳóȻţʵţʲôáԡģ޵Ѳ֣ʯĳ͸еˡʯȴǻ˻֣Ц˵
һ⻰۾ʱ
λʯˣǻл
ţȴЦʲôͷǷɣ
ʯһʱʧЦݵУҲ˼档
Ҫ֪ĴСгһ϶ǰλɿģмַ絭ζ
תһ֮ʯȴȻ
ˣԷӵпռ䷨ֻһ䡣˶Ση壬Ҳѹ˷絭ᣬˡ

ʯ뵽֪ۡģйһ֮Եݣ
뵱գλֻһ粽ǶգܶӣҲӦֱ֡Գ֮Ϊͨ
λݣȷ֪ĽĸۡУīøȳ
һҲǱסˡ
ʯͣľֱӳˡ
עĶָû˼ԼΣֻǽһƣʯ֪֮ءǡþڵλֲԶǾ͸Ϲˡ
Цſ˼֮ʯͻȻһЦŵҲ΢һ֣
Ŀݣʵʯĳյţһ£Ҫ޵ѡ޵ѣܾһҪʯĳæ
ŶԷ֣أѾЩ²⣬̲סһЦʯ⻰̫ˣĳεºܣܰʯʲôæ
£޵ѴԼ׾١ȴǧѣԼҲֻ޵ܹʯĳǰ޵ѲҪܾʯȴ֣أһ˵ȥǳֿ
ݶʱ㶣󽥽ҲϵЦݡ˼Żйλ
ʯʱһȴû뵽ԼֻһڣԷǲ²⵽ԼĿġ¶һ˿ɫ漴ȴǿ϶ĵ˵ͷΪ
ĳˣ½ˣи˭ҲʶϣܰʲôæЩɻ
ܲ²йصѡϾЩ¿ǳķзλʯ˵ս£ֻ¶ʱλʯ˵ţڿҪԼæֻ´󲿷ֶλѲ˸ϵ
ֻǡ
ԼܰʲôæأԼԣ˭Ҳʶλֱ˸ѺԼϸ˵ʲô
ȻһЩŹֵĿʯʯ˲ĳȥ˲λȳɣ
ͻȻλʯˣۼԼ̤յˣҲ֪Լÿռ䷨Լͨռ䷨򣬰˴ȳɣ
ʯԶʱ˴ҡͷǲǣʯĳȻ尲ΣҲ㲻ǡֱսϣҪ٣Ҳʯĳȥ֣򲻸ǣ޵ѡ
˿ӴޱȣĴ󲿷ֵǿߣ֯ʮ򡭡صǿߺε֮ࣿݾԴҲΪԼԺ˿⡣
ֱӴ˵ٷ֮ҪͨġɲĪմȾ顣
ʯôһ˵һ˵ͷɻˣĳܰʲôæأ
ġʯƺûȫܾ˼˵
īʮֵãУŻҧŲɿڡֻҪܹҵУȻͲô֣ҲоˡʯϸĽʼĩֵ꣬̾ҲֳҲܿô°ɣ嶯ǳ嶯һЩﲻԡ
ʯ˵꣬ݡ
˵ī죬Ҳһ֮ˡݵ˵㣬üͷȴ𽥽


1040 취
ֵܣʯݡ
Ƭ֮վҡҡͷ̾ʵڱǸ£ĳﲻʲôæ
ôʯüͷʱһ壬Ϊ񣿡
񣿡ȴǷӦ֪ʯΪԼµˣЦʯˣΪ񡭡ΪױϣĳҲ֮ˡֻΪĳʵв
вʯһ¡
ĳΪǳ˶գϢλشġҡҡͷʯ̾ʯˣһӰɡ
ݵĻʯʱһĿݵ۾̹Ȼ֮ӡ
֮ʯüͷ
ˣݲδ˵ѡѣв
ô죿ķӣֻʣվҪУѾûʱȥѾע£Ҫشֻʲôӣ
˼ڤ룬Ƭ֮ͻȻһ۾һҪȻ鷳޵ѵһˣֻҪһλī죬Ҫɿڡȫ׸ô
һԴһת֮󣬶ʱʯ˼
вī졣
ԼܹϢĽҲ͵ܹϢĽֱۡɱء
ݿʯס
λʯעֻ塣˵īǺġ
ΪԼѿ߲嵶ΪˣȴǲֶΣˡ
ʣҲˡǵˣҲĴ֡
ǣԱˣûаëǮϵΪϿī졭ȷЩɶ񡣿֮֮飬ȴ˶ݡ
һˣѾǵǿˣԸΪԼֵܽöԼ໥ΪԴ󶯵ӣѾǺֵˡ
Զʯ⣬ЩС֮ȴҡҡͷΪͲܴЧ
ī첻ܴӦģȥҲ޲ںء仰˵أʲôںȥǱߣҲֻ֤ɱصǡڲУĶֻҪһڣܹϽɱҷڣӾ֮⣬޲пܷоԼˣڷǾûлˡҡͷ˵
ʯʱһ֮̾һ¶˿ɬ֮ɫ
ѵûϣ𣿡ʯૣһƬɫ
ȻҲ֪˵ķвֻͨǱѾЩˡ
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λʯҲһ֮
뵽һ£һų⣬ʲô¶ı䲻˽ˡīвͨôһأ
һʯһ£ţͻȻһɴ۾
ǰһֹ٣ʯȻվϵĿɬһ˲ʧ˾ϲ
ϲݸм޵ѣʯĳЩͬǰҶԸѵԸֹ٣Ѿ䣬ִӴ֣ڣ޿ֻ֣Ҫҡ
ʯҲҪ˵̫磬λֹټȻѡ飬ȻǷǳܵΣΪһɣµߡʵٷְ𷣣ֵôֻҪ΢ɿڣ¾һ֣Ҫɿڣīɿסݲʯʧϲɫһ֮ȴҡҡͷԴһ¡
ʯϾϲıһδסɴ۾
ǰֹɿڣпܾҪ飬ôɿڣʱգֻ¶ܴЧ
ǣô죿ʯʱﻹа̥ǿߵĳȻ֮Уֱ˷ִͨûа
Ҳ̫֮ʡ
ڵǱ߷ǳΪʼٸߣô飬ҿбȻмֵġԼҲĻˡεҡҡͷ˵
ʯۿݡ
ݵ˵ͷɴཫ˵䣬ȻǿȥɱģҪ˵жûаԹޣǲܵ顣ϱһֱ֮ġ鳯ǵԤڷչ˿̱Ȼǵ֡ʱʧȥ嵥һĻʯˣΪ˵Щʲô
˵Щʲôʯʱ΢΢һĴֹٵԸ˵ʱͻȻʧȥһĻǱȻһɡ
䣿
ʯʱһ𣬶ɴ۾˼Ŀݡ
飬ݾ֪ˣЦϣû°ɡ
ʯɵɵĿݣ֮Ŵ𾪵лع
Լ޲ߵľ棬򵥵ķ֮󣬶ʱͱ취ѶȣûСȫԲ¶˿ۼľð
⣬ݵʲôˣ
ʯУٶȲ˺档
һܹĻǷһܻܲ飬ʯĳˡպʲôҪʯĳܼزܾ
ʯˡЦҡҡͷ
գʯٶȿۣһ˵ͷ

ʯȥһݰæȻķݷȴһõĽ취Ȼ
ⷽѾõҪȥŲ𡭡
ֻʣʱ䣬Ҫȥƻһ£ϸڡ
ʯҲɵˣܹе̥ǵɵҼ˴֮ǰֻ˼·ϣͬνԣԹ壬Թ߽һѣϾ֪ôȥˡ
ֹٱϾҲǵǿߣ˼ܡƻܷЧҪǷ㹻⣬ʧȥġЩҪȥŬŬһЩϷ
ֱֹٸеһжѳɶ֣ٲκβʱ򣬵־ϣӶ塭
ʯƾƵ飬δ̫Ĳ̥ǿߣעĿĻͲκ˹עĵ
ڶ峿һֱעݵĵǿǷ֣뿪ƾƵ꣬˳ȥ
ǸϽȥ
ţһǼ飬Ƿ֡
Ҫŭħ
иġ⡱ˣɴ۾ס
ݣ˿Ⱥӵġβ͡Ǹ޴߲֮ǰ
ŭħ
һ䣬Ťͷһۣ۾΢С
תͷΣֱӳ߲У˽ȥ


1041 ̬
ȥˣŭħ
죬죡
ۿݺɵһͷӴ߲Уġβ͡ʱˣһӿ˳ȥ
ݷͷ˶֪ϲƸˣĴСʱ̹ע󲿷ֶ⡣һݾȻĸҵ˵ҡڵĽŭħһм쳣һ棬Ҳмŭ
ݿɵûнǷа
ȥȿס
Ҳвٵĵǿߣ⣬Ӱֱӳŭħ֮СǴҪһݡ
ǿݾһͷ˭ȿס˭ġ

һ㶼ж
ȻһУȴǺע
û߲УݶʱΧֲĿռ֮
ŭħȻһС硣
š
ңоѾǵ㣬ڿռ֮дߡѾܹ̽һ˿Сʵ
ЩСʵϵ϶ƽأֻд߲ܿ١
ݶȻǵǿߣ־ͨռ֮Ҳ֪ҪһС磬ҲǷǳѵġҲҪɾ籾Դ֮ԪޣԿռ䷨һ򣬲ֿܡ
ռ֮Ϳ񱩣Ҫάôһ̶ͨҪԪֱǲġ
ңоݴԽƵĿռͨһ˵ͷĿѣ֮СӦֻǶ̶һ˲ǰȻʡ
һΪ硣
ĿȥһƬã·һƬءһƬƣƲȾѪһ˵֮⡣Լ֮䣬һĺСƷ׺
ⳡȻݶʱһ΢ѹüͷԶȥ
ͷǻȾѪģȻĿȥ֮ȴ֣ԶգȴһƬϺɫ
ħ
૳
ϺɫգԴһ塣뵱ԶƬأԽȥϺɫ뵾Խ谭ݵĿ⡣
ȻԼǿ߿еħˡ
üͷܿңԶɫ֮УԼ֮䣬ȻûЩӴ£ɢſֲϢ
ŭħʮ֮һһ˵ζ硣
Ȼͣڴ˵أ
ݵһŭħоɫڳ˼ͻȻһϲĴЦ
˼ݶʱüͷһ壬Ťͷ
Σ߲еУ˳
ˣ㶼ǵǿߣŲͬķΡڴЦģһ¶ϲ̰֮ɫ󺺡źɫͼâǻǿߡ
СӣʶĿ콫ϵĲ㶼ܱһС򣬺ٺ١ݹϷˣͷ˸̰֮ɫЦڡ
ݣٺ٣Ǻõɫ޴˵㡣һֱڲǣǵҲö֣û뵽Ȼҽŭħǵ·ٺ٣ʶɣһߣҲɭȻЦ
ǿߣŮһСŮҲƷ಻סֻ̰пĿ⣬ȴȫƻСԽ
˲δ˵ֻǿݵĿ̰벻ơԤֻҪݾܾҲԥĳֻɱ
ݵüͷţĿӹǿߡüͷ΢ţƬ֮ҡҡͷĿƽĵǿ߲ףΪ֮ֺοɱǾʹȥɺã
⻰ȻǴ˵ϡϱ鶼΢΢һֱЩĪ
Ϲ֪ģҲֻйصļˡϵĴ󲿷ǿߣǲ֪ġݵġ֮Ȼе˼
ݵȴˡǾʹȥɺáʲô˼ǣ
ǹͷ΢һ֮ŭˣСӣںʲô
˫ĿԲɣŭɶ϶ʱȼճһ˿
ݵȫ˴˵ŭ
ݵüͷһ֮ӹһ˿ɱ
Ȼһɱת˲֮ȴʧ
ֿһۣ̾һ΢΢ҡҡͷһתһţգʧ
ţ
һʣȴǿһȻɴ۾ʧĵط
գռ䷨򣿣
⣬СӾȻƿ˿ռ䷨򣿣
ֱƬ֮˲ž˳һǵɴ۾Ĳ˼顣
ռ䷨ǿ֮һǵ߸޷ƿصĿֲ
λص޸ݣȻÿռ䷨
˶ǵɴ˫ۣԭء
أ
ʱ߲еУӿһǿߡ
ЩǿߵĽ룬˾㶼һع
ͷͿ˵׵һˡ
ӣӸˣ
ǹͷһæ񣺡Ӹˣ
üͷĿԽˣͶԶȻٴεأ
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ѯʣһ֮ǹͷӸˣݡˡ
ˣüͷһ壬ǹͷ
һӣùͷʱ亹ֱڵҲûа취ݶÿռ䷨ֱӶգز¡
ռ䷨򣿡仰ȴüͷʱ塣
ǵģǿռ䷨ûֻһתǿգʧˡλŮԵǿߵһˣҲ˵
üͷٶȽĿ⿴Զ
ռ䷨ô
૳˸˼飬üͷ塣

ˣǼ˵̬ȰţΪβֱɱ£
ŭħУЩ⡣
һȴεҡҡͷ
֮ǰǡɱ¾õ޴֮һɱԣˡҪɱˡ
ǿ߶˵ǺѵõսҲ֪⼸Ȼţ˵Ҳδʲô˺ɡҡҡͷ˵
Ϲ඼һƽ١һǿȻ𲻵ԵءҲڵֵмô˵ҲǵǿߣǵķԺֵ壬кġ
õңڵĴУչͼݣ̬ҲѾ֮ǰȫͬĽǶȣҲȻ˼ػµζ
ǰ˽տˡ
׼ô죿Դ˵ҲǺ⣬ҲֻһʡݵĻش֮˵ͷȴתѯʡ
ŭħСҪȻɱħѪһ΢΢˶٣Ŀ⿴ԶͼУһǵ㣬ŭħڡҪȥǱǵ㣬ʲô˼
ݿǰУ̤δ֪ǰ·


1042 
ŭħɫħţûľеֻһƬƬߵĴɽبŲĻɺ죬ɫŨ֮£ԽԵѪֲ
һɽеĹŨ֮Уеģ಻ͬ嫴
һƬߴ֮ϣһֲĴڡ׳ߴ壬һΡɽϢŰ
ǿϢɨŭħ֮£ǱϢɨҪֽͨǵ򾳵ǿߣͬҲеһľ
𣡣
ص֮Ȼը죬һءһ峤ɵľ޴κȻ˦·ĳ־УŭؼȻϯﷶΧɳʯֲƥ
ħҲˡ
УһӰն֮γɵ˿κӰ죬ɫ𶯣ȴһʯ
ħֻǵ򾳼˵壬վŲҲ˼źЦڿе΢΢һЦҡҡͷ
ŭħȻҪ﾿жǿħȴǿҲǵ򾳺ҡҲﲻ
ͨĵǿҪɱҲô򵥡ѹһѪҲǰ㰺󡣡š
𣡣
ħα֮ſסȻݵǿȴ˿޾壬һ˫˫ĿѪУһ޴βǳݳȥ
βǴ־ɸߴɨֱͬһɽȻײǵеǿ߱УֻҲҪ˽ǡ
ȴֻǵһ֮󣬱ҡҡͷһûô
ţϮβ
Ȼһ˲Ϣ䣬ݵȴѾʧԭءβûǺХ
βХ֮ٶȴ߳
ˡ
һ䣬Ŀһۺڣ۰ףͷ֮ϣһͼʱչ
䣡
·΢һԭХֹľȻͲţѪĳ˫Ŀʱȥ
䣡
ͬһ㣬أɽѣ䵽˵ϡĻ𣬾ò
ͼֻչһ˲ȻʧһΣٳ֣Ѿ׵λá
ͷһۣһͻȻ͵һ𣬻ûһӴѪ˲Ϣ֮䣬ⳬɵħʬ壡
Ѫ֣ԭɼ˵ħʬ壬ۿɼٶȸɱȥ
ۼʧȥյļ̣Ѫɱ񡭡ѪȻֱһͷħʬ壡
̲죬ȴҲ졣
յ蹦֮һħʬ壬Ȼһɱʬ

紵ʬʱɻңȻɢֻһɵİ׹Ǻۼ

Σٶ֡
ӹһ˿죬¶һ˿Ц⡣
ŲѪȻǿ˵֮ܣʲôᲢۡħоԶֻɼѪЧĺõĶࡣݸ̾
ȻģѪȻħһƤ⣬ʵҲǲ֮ϾǵƤĤУ̺дܡЩͨû취ȡֻѪھŲ֮ȴκɲתġһͷħͬû˷κһ˿ܣЧȻѡе˵
΢΢˵ͷ̧ͷԶĿԵħĿԲ󣬾˵ŭħвٵǿżڸҪúÿˡ
ڿеħӵɥʧǵܡ˵ȴʲô
һ֣ǷȻ֡
ᣡ
嫷⣬ʱ͵ķ⵽ֻɫ뵣·˲Ϣǰ죬ĺˣ´һ˿
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֮ϵһҲȥˣɢķ⣬λǰ֡Ͼ޵ģԵҲ޶ȻӻֻҪ֤ʮ׷ΧħҲˡţ׼һ򣬽һ磬ա

ӣݿʼͣĳŭħȥԽǰԽǲŭħĿֲ
ɫԽŨĺһƬɫվأݵҲʮԽĻ谵ѹߣѹ֡
֮УҲһͷħ
ħ峤ɡȻħȴϵĲɳ̡ȻһֲѹȴԶħᲢ۵ġ
˸ۼոͷһǣĽӴ죬ȥˡȻһ˫ѪƵȴһĿֲС
ŭħζ΢һ˺Щգֲûб߼ʡ
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ݽŭħĿ֮һɱħ򣬳Ѫ۷Ρħвս֮
һսֱذݼʩչ˻ȴҲ޷ħ
ħ̫ǿˡȻӵ˺յȻдУݶУȴץ
©ȫޣһʸһ̸Ѿʧȥá
ΨһܹǿģҲֻͼˡ
ͼǿǿѹħһ˲̫ͣǾŲѪĹҲȫ޷˼ħƥķٲɱǰ£Ҳ˲
󣬻Ƕ˷ٻɱżѵĽ֮ɱ
ʱҲᵽ̥ǿᣡ
Ĺڽħϣֱͬ㣡Ҫ֪ǿɱκε򾳵ĴڡȻ̥ʱȴ
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Ѫɵħ֮ͼǵͼǿռͼԵħӵлյġƺһ㣬Կռͼмİ
ͼѪҲȻһءﵽ̥ǿʮ֮ĳ̶ȣ仰˵壬֮ͨĵǿߣǿǵؽƷıҲȫˡ
ħݶԣȻһء
ֻ̫ˡ
ҪΪۣܻɱһͷȻĻҲֻӵпʮˡ
ֻܻɱʮͷĻҪһˣ
ӱ취ģ֧Ų˶áЩħҲеЩ壬÷üͷҪһԼԸħİ취
սƲˣʲôɱħأ
ݿ˼ڤ룬һǰһ߽Ÿֳԡ
ֶξҲԽħκε˺޿κΡ
ңо㹻ǿᣬԽħȻսʤˣɽħҪסҲ̫ܡһ磬֮ңħȻ̥Ҳȫ׷ϡ
֪µʱȥݣȴûпԼɱκһͷħ
ѵǵĶ÷֮𣿡
ݣͷ˼š
͵ʱ
Ȼһļ֮УͻȻȫϢ
ʲô
ݻûüعֻһƬڳīӰӣһߣ¶ϣȻ˹
ݶʱ䣬ɫӰ֮ϣһɿֲϢ
ϸ룬˼Ӱӵ״Ӻζڸоļ֮еһ˲䣬ӦĶͼңо˲俪
Ȼ
޷ж
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̶̵ĹУɫӰӣȻ塣һֻһ޷ܵӴصסͼҲһ˲䣬ѹ
ɫӰӣסݣ֮һɫ롣Ȼ

һīԨ֪֪Ԩ֮УһɫħħȴͬƣȻ
ݵĺɫӰӿȻ£ԨָһƬ
һ춯ҲûСͬبˡ


1043 ɫӰ
谵ռ䣬īţɢаϢ·⣬Ҫɡ
·һب˵Ԩһɺ嫵Ϣڵת·һʷӣ嫲֪ꡣ
Ԩײ뵵УȴһСŹ⻪⻪·ʱܻϨ𡣵صа뵣ȴ·һСŹûκΰ취ֻ֮ܽסȴ޷ȫɡ
ˡˡ
ĺͣĻţݻܵüͷƮƮҡҡƴӼΪңԶĵط·ʱƮɢ
ˡˡˣ
Ȼ𽥵ģԽԽҲԽԽԶڶߡ
ͻȻһ飬ӻƮ״̬˹Ȼ۾
ˣˣ
ʶ
΢΢һ£¶˼ʹ֮ɫһַֻסԴôˣ
һΣεԼΪƣƮƮԼδִʶȥʸ߲ʣһƬİףããһ˵ζȴ·˵ҲҪȥ
ԽǷ·޾İ֮ȴһǧľ¡
Ǹ߸ߵİɫľͷһռǿյĺ嫹Ĺ⻪תɫͷסĳ￿˹ȥ
ȻӴ⻪һ˲䣬ȴȻһͻȻһ˲ȻԺľ˷Ʈ
ԽԽǿңҲԽԽȻѡ
ݵһ̣ŷƳһˣˡ
ô£ҡһԻĻ˻ԴȻû˵꣬ȴͻȻͣţȻŤͷĹˣһֲ֮󣬸ǵһʲôط
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ǺɫӰӵһ֮һеһֱġңоĵͼûаá
ţ޷֮ıǵԨȻ󡭡ʧȥʶ
뵽æһҪʶӦһ
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ô£
Ӧ֮Уﻹ֮ǰһѹӵģͷϡ裬Ѿ룬ֻ¼ƻҰܵëڹͺͺһƬԴϡԭ𪾫µŮҲҪʼɵİɫҲ˻ҺܵĿơѪ·ѾʧֻʣһŹͷƱ鲼ƤĤ˿ȥ·һнľȴֲֿ֮ˡ
ңôӣ⣬⡭
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ѪҴﵽ˵ھŲ㡣ϣӵϹľڡκһΪṩԴԴ
仰˵Ԫսᣬ˵Ҳκεı仯һֱΪ۷״̬
ڡ
ݲŵĵɴ۾ͷһ˿ֻš
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ѪϹľӵн޵ôΪʲôᡭȴЩˡ
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ֻҪһ֣ҪɣĿоɫӹʵ˵ѪϹľûгʲôô
ţ⵹ûСԳĬһ֮Ӧ
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΢һ֮ݲŤͷܣüͷһʵʲôط
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æŤͷĹˣҵ˹Դ
ǡһ㶣ϡ
ԣöԴķͷų˷Ե͹âȫһŹŹֵĺڰɡ
ϹľѪֻҲѲˡЩص𣺡ˣûô򵥡㲻ԭĻ˼죬ɺɫߵ󡭡ʲôطҲ̫ԤⲢʲôõط㻹ȳһ£ܲ뿪Źֵĵط˵ɡ˵йŹ֡
һ£ҲЩصĵ˵ͷ΢΢۾ʩչңо
Ȼһ֮ıȴһκ۾ЩصҡҡͷСĿռǹŹ֣ƺĳѹ޷ңо
ͼأæ׷ʡ
ݱĿһ֮۾ҡҡͷأ˵򷨲ԣ޷֮ͨȺżΧؾķ֮Ҫͼ޷֡
ʱһصĵ黹Ƿˡڣô죿
ݵüͷ˼Ҳ˼⡣
Ƭ֮վּ˵Եķ
»ζһ£ҪһΧľ¡
ڷĹ⻪ζһ˲Χĺɫ뵶ʱӿϡ֮䣬оӿ⣬򱻽ڷԲɾ룬Χĺɫ޷ȴҲ޴ĥ
·һСռһ㣬ƶǳļѡ
֮ȴǳŴһʶСƺֻ÷Ĺ΢ǰһ˿ˣ޲


1044 
ݵıҲЩ˿ܣɫӰӵǳǿ·ʵʡڵͺǶһǽ֮ڣҪƶǳѡ
Ǿͺ񱻽ĳӣҪŲһǳļѡ
ɫӰЩĹ⡭Ҳз֡
ȻƶĺܼѣݻǸܵЩɫӰƺǾķ⣬Ȼƶĺܼѣ㻹ƶϡ֮䣬ܸܵɫӰӴһ󲻰궯
궯
ͻȻһ㶣ĿȴʱһɫӰӣƺô򵥵ĶӦãѾˡ
κһֶﵽһ֮󣬶ӵԵġ
絤ҩƵƷ֮󣬾ͻԡ
ϹŻϹľӵԡ
ٱ֮ǿĽƾƾºҲԡ
ǣЩǼΪŵرƷ׸ʶ֡
ǰɫӰӣȴ·һ뵡ȻҲʶ
ʵݻ׼
һʱɫӰӾǸʲôԽ׽͸
ǿԣ
ݵüͷһ˫˸ݵĶŲԶͿĺɫӰӣ˸
ţҲˡԳһ˵ıа񡭡֮ӦҲһ㡣
ŭħֻ˵пɱ¾ʧȥʶħȴδ˵ֲֿ⡭ʮȻô򵥵Ĵڡȴ˵
˵֮ȴ˳˼ǰĺɫӰӣȴ֪ʲô
ˣڡǸô죿ĬƬ֮ȴʵȥҲǰ취ѪϹľȻӵнһֱ˵أֻ¡˵Ҳһ˿ǡ
ݿɻҪҪȻܱ˵ء
ⶫ·ԵĶʶԷԾžһ԰ɡݳ˼Ƭ֮ȴ˵
ɿݲƵ˫֣ǰһӡ

һȡ
־
Ȼʺʹ־ѡʹþ߱ԵĶ־
־ᡰʨӡ
ݿȳڵһ˲䣬ʱΧһϺ嫻ķ죬һɫ⣬ֳɫģƶԭЩ谵Ŀռ䣬˲
ȥ
һȣӡһֱָӴǷ֮С
ᣡ
ȻʢƽͣЯһɺƵ֮ķ⣬̼տһƬ˲ɢȥ
֨֨
ɢһ˲䣬ЩɫӰӵУʱһɹɽˡ⵽̼ȫˡ˲Ϣչǧ֮⡣
ã
ݵУʱԳһ˿ϲɫ
ȻϲɫδȫһȴͻȻ
ҫǧ֮ԭ˵ĺɫӰӣȴͻȻһɹɷŭ˲䴫ݵԺţ˵ƣ˲Ϊ֮һ١εĹǧ֮ĵط·ӿҲ޷ƽֺ
һɫѿ
УȻЩɫӰӵĿǣ⣬ȴ͸öȥġöǱԴǿʮӾԱ룬еѾɢ˾ŲϡӦһħԣɫӰӷѾԣƷȴҪ̫ࡣʶҲֻܾһʱȴﲻĳ̶ȡ
жʱˡ
ݻ֣ôһеɢļӿһ˿
ֻһ˿ȴϾǼӿġ
öϾѾֻʣ²ܣ޷뱾Դ޾ȡģϸ΢Ҳġֻ¡
ݵɫѿһ֡
Դǿߵȷǿ󣬱ԴɮҲȷޱߡһöϾǱȡ֮ԴΣȻࡣ
Զ־Ȼܹ˲һʱܣǼб̺ΪȱԣȻǿǣȴҲκβɫӰӡ
ͺˮ𡭡ˮͿƻ档һˮͿԽϨȱ౶Ļ档
Ѿһּ£ôһˮҲûá˲Ҫ
νġˮнָľôһֵ
νƹϵߵ𲢲̫¡Ѿ㹻Ҳûа취ġ
οڵѾǴ뱭ˮĹϵˡζ˾޴ı䡣
ɫӰһʱκβ÷⣬ΪֻԣûǣԾʹȻҪ˵ɫӰӲܲ˵ӿֻҲõֵס
ͺһˮôҲһһοǻǴĻ𣬶һյͨҽ
ݵòݣ漴ȴһӹһ˿ϡ
ҲҪǾֻҪܹҵ뿪˵صĳڣҲ㹻ˡ
뵽бš־ӡʶһƾ𣬶һǰȥ
ͻȻƶɫӰִһŭǵĿƵȷе̫վǲͣȥȴҲʼձǧҵľ롣
ԶһķûôǿˣɫӰӣҲܹǿס
ˡֿ˿ڣݽҧأĳǰȥԥһ£Ǳ˳Ĭ
һƬ͹ƽʯ·˵ǵȷǸԨĵײĳĪĿռڡ΢һЩԨײٴվҲм޵ġĳؿռڣǿɾͲ˵ˡһЩĿռ䣬ٶȣ꣬Ҳߵռϴ
Ȼ󡰶־ǰѶȻЩݵ󡭡ܷ˵Ѫ޷ãԪҲܵ˼Đ䡣ÿһһɾ˷С
еٶȣҲ粽Ŀ졣
Ѫǿƾ֮ҲӲӵмһ·֮ڴˣֻ¾֣Ҳֻһ;
һһǰҲͣĹ۲ܡ
ȻⷶΧ֮ڣһƬͺͺʯ·ⷶΧ֮⣬ǺһƬ޴ӷֱԼڵλãԼ±ھжԶ
ڡǷ߶˷֪
ԭؼȴȴݵԸһֱԭأ粫һ
ǣݿʼѵ֮á
һһ죬һһ¡
в֪£ԨײߣƺҲԷ¡
ûаҹеľһƬŨīڡ֮⣬
һʼݻƾǿʶĲʱšʱƣֶʱУƺҲ𽥵ĥȥ


1045 
ڿеķĹâѾ֮ǰǰͷһʱ䣬ķΧҲǧɣ̵˰˰֮⡭ЩɫӰӣƺôʱĽУʼ𽥵׹Ⲣô¡
ԵĿɲ֮
Ȼûǣ˼ͬһ̫֮ԻȻȻĲһ˿ԻĻɡ
Ŀǰԣ˰֮ڵķ⣬ȻŨķ·һƬĺɫӰЩɵҺ롭
Ҳ֪ڰ˶ãһ££ڸã
֮˰ɵķ⣬֮ڡżһ˿˿ɫӰӿ̽뵽ɷΧ֮ںݣͣ˽Ų
ݼŲϵɲ֮ϣֳһ˿ѿ޵ɫ˿ľֲ֮
ˡ
ٶƺҲ֪˵ʲôһ֮󣬱̾һȥ
վԭأŲԶĺɫӰӣվԸɬ˻ʵ˶೤ʱˣ
Ѿꡭ˵
ꡭݱ۾
£˵ָһӼ顣ҪԸ⣬һֱ꣬ǲܡ֮ءϾѪȻ̣ǿڡ
Ȼʱͷȴֳһ˿
꣬Χľƺûһ˿ı仯ڵ˲ٵĺۼһ̽Ƿ߽һԹô¡ΪңԶľ룬ϡ뵱ʱԭصķǰ棬ȴȻûгһ˿⡣
ҪǰɾĿǰ״Ѿѡ
ΪһƬɫӰӵĐ֮ƺԽԽǰķĹ󣬸Խûϵܼȥأ
ûз壬һϢʱ䣬ҪɫӰɣ
ѪеھŲ㣬ѪǣɫӰӾܹɵһѪҲʣ¡
û滹еѪҺЩѪҺҲΪý顭ô죿ʶеһиô죿
ָֻʶָ塣һУɶҪȫʧȥ
ʶڵڡ
ûϹľϹľżȫ¶ɫУҲᴦһֲͣ״̬ȥ
ǣϹľȴδȫշ
ϹľǻûзɵļΪɵϹľ˵ʲôţһɫӰɣ֣Ƭ̣ϹľҪ롭
ԲϹľԲҪʶһСȴԷŲ£
˵ͷĸ飬ŹԨ
˵УӡôֲϹ塣һʱˣ޷ɵĲл꣬ǿɲġ
˵ԨǲܹסһȺϹ壬ʵݶԴ˲̫ϣϾڣһڵģ
ʲôǿ羳ǿҲܹµĿֲڡ
Ԩι죬Ҳܹסִڡ
˵뿪취飬ҲΪֿܡңõһУϡһڱЩҲʧȥôһԴ͵ͬʧȥ˿ٱǿʱ
ܼʮꡭʱʵգۼšʧȥ˱ǿʱԪֵܼܲǸʱ򶼻˵˵ɳٴη߷ĳ̶ˡ
һʱ䣬Ժͷȴ¡һǿֲ
ƺһˡ
ˡٴȴͷ֪ʲôûлӦ
ֳһ֮󣬲Žŵˣʵûпǹһ£
ݵһ£üʲô£
ںɫӰѾЩ̫·¡ʵûеôý֮
ʱһ̧ͷ⻰ʲô˼
΢֯һԣ룬ɫӰӶѾ߱һԣȴȻķ⡭˵ȷɫӰӵǡǰٶ֮ôҲΪɫӰӵ谭ˡɫӰ谭ԭǷĵȽףԶɫӰӸߡңʧȥҪķԸԴ
һ¶˼飬˵ͷ
ôǶһ¡ƷһЩӵ˷ԸԴɫӰӣǷܶǰأʵ
ƷסӵзԸԴݵʱ˼֮ͻȻһ˵ľâ˵

ѿڶ֣Ŀжʱһ
ƷʲߣΪеһзˣеҲɢ롣Ʒ½ԸԴʧ
Ǵȴ֮ϵһȻ֮ǲעС⹦͵ͬ˱ӵ˷ԣ˷ԸԴô
һһžžܻ˴ǣеķھķŹӳ֮ҲпȻƷʡǸʱɫӰӡþܶʲôţ

֮ϵһ֮ʱݲûΪ˺һЩҪҲδʲôǴһ鴦֮󣬻ص֮еġƺѾȲôˡ
ȷпһ㡣ֻǣҶԷķһϲͨгô˷֮ȴЩǡ
һҪеʲôľ硭ǳĲһ㣬ֻһ˲Ͳ㽫˶Ȼѵ˶ˣȴ˿ǷǳֲĹҲֻҪеһĳ̶ȣѾӦԵǰأϾпλԴɮ޹
κܱԡ䡱νĹͨĹ
˵Ҳˡ츳ɲȻڵ֮ظһЩûзֻ֣ҪģȻܹһЩģ
Ĺľݳһ󻺻˵ͷ
֪ΣϾִܹ֮ص֮٣ǲһУȻֱ֮Ϊʥ䣬϶ҪһĹļѡݣѵֻ֮أô
뵽ٲɣϥ˶־
ʱ˲˹ֻ˲䣬˲ɷԲľ롣ĺɫӰӣǴһ󼤶ƺΪޱʧˡ


1046 ֲ
ս֮ںٶȸӦǹڳһ֮󣬻ѡ˼أһδݾ
ݳ³һ
ʵɫӰҪǾһ취ҲûС
ֿһ۵ϵķ⻪Ѿ֮ǰ
꣬ģҲЩء
ٿһ֮ڳһ񣬶۾
ֱӡʶԶôУֻҪ΢һʶǿˡ
ĿƬ̣ڣֱӡһǰһ֮¡붨ȥ
ʱ䣬ٶȻ˹
īĿռ֮ڣһ׻γռΨһԵĽ㡣
׹֮УһƵߣ󻨶

ռ俪ʼдʱŭħ£Ѱȴδȫ
ɶݵȥʲôطȻһϢҲûУ
ʧĿռ֮ǵ߶ԣֱҲҲ
ѵôˣռ书ʧ˶꣬û뵽֣ټ׿ĳ֡϶ǵõĳϹŴееͳһأ׷
ΣھվǰֻҲ
ɶ񰡣
һϵľ޴󵽲ɲȵĲƸǿǣһʵ
ռ书飬Ҳ̵вֶߡһʱ䣬ǵûдȺ˵̰̰Խǿʢ
һϹŴеĵͳǺεӴأ
̥ǿߣҲҪΪ֮Ķ
ԣȻȥˣݵѰȴȻûн
ĸǲеǿھڴţ˽ơ
ռ֮ȻʧռһЩƣıȽϹ㣬Ҫһ㣬ѡ
½ֻ֮Ҫҳ֣Ǿ;ûѵĵˡû취ÿռ书ӵĶȥңҲֻһ򾳰ˡ
ŵģǲһЩ̥ǿߵġ
ȺСˣ
ο࣬Ӳʵ壬ڴȺʱʱ͵͵̽ͷεĵǿߣȴ̲סһ¶мŭ⡣
ܽŭħģǵǿߡȺǿߵı֣ȴͷĿ˼£忴ʵЩˬ
ϾҪԸˣ˵ľˡ
İɣƾǣû취ֵʲôŵġԵʯһ֮ȴЦһݽӴʱȻֻ࣬ǼΣѾжϳʲôˡ
һʵȺСܹ֮ƵģҪ뿪ܹһ֪뿪
ȺСԸ޵ʱ򲻼ôԸԼˣǻĺܣ߷ߵĺߵ
ûˡ
ѾɹĴӵġ¼ժ˳
Ϊɹ֤ˣǱ֮ˡʼٸߣʵ׽ֹ١
˵ҲӣʯݵĽ飬ִڲ΢һ£ɵּ֪Ȼ£ֹٺһСʱĽӴ
Ҳǰ׳գʯȽֵܱжŭͶŭжͶȻһöССӰʯ
ֹٹȻϵеȷһ߷ЩԹԵģ飬ϴѶԵĺС˵һЩصĻ
Ȼ󡭡ûȻˡ
Ӱʯ˵Сһоˡ壬ȷǱˡ
Ȼ˼ƻϾƲ£Ҫ˵ҲܺˡȻΪֹأǵõһЩпǱԼ̵ĳͷȽȴϿӡ
ֹپͱˣ֤ɽݲֱ粵Ȼҵ
˱Ǵһ鵽׵ģκڲ֮УֹپˡȻ˭֪˭֣վû֤ݣóɱļգ£Ҳô֮
һī졭˵ȻҲǱԼ̡
ܽ񹩳ΪػС
ǵֵ÷з˲Σ¼ôʹķʽˡҪĿû¡ʼٸҲû¡
ʯе֪һƻǳһδֵ֮ʱݵĸм֪֮
һ֮ˣȻδ棬ݾ֮꣬ȴʵʵĳˡ
񿴵ȺСҪԸԼĶˣȻŭգôôˬˡ
ҪǾĿǰԣƺûж˵Ϣըˡ
ȻҲѾ¶ġȵĳʲô£壬Ӳģ
ֿ˿ȺͷĿĺ޵ǿȶԵļСˣʯҡҡͷ߰ɡ
һݺݵĵ˲Զǿ߼ۣŸʯ󣬻һ⣬ŭħ֮С
⼸ۣȴǼǿһһͷԡ
ǡ˭ˣһæѯԱ߼ˡ
ûа
༸ȻһãȻ
ôѯ֮Ҳ¶Ի󣬶ȴЩ
ǵ۷ʱп̥ܽǺޡɲЩͨĵ򾳿Գܵġ
ѵԼʲôʱ
˶˼ԼǷʲôʱλɷǡ

ʱһһŹȥһ꣬꣬ꡭ
йݣվҲʱ֮£𽥵ΪϾǶÿռ䷨֮ˣ˶ԣӦԿռ֮뿪ŭħȻһȺʱ̹ע֮ˣҲη˶ĹעתͶŭħʤıС
ʱ䣬ôһζٿ䣬սŭħʧǰʱ䣬Ȼȥʮꡣ
ʮ£ڳ˶ԣǲһζݵʱ䡣ȻʿԣȴֻǵָӼ顣
ӣƽ޲һ֮ǰʮһ㡣
ֱһա
һյ峿ٽ֮ʱǱ̫ȴǵһγٵˡȺ˵ʱ֣Ȿóһ̣δ֣ȡ֮ģһɺȻ䣬ϯصĿֲ
ޱ޼ʵ򡭡֮ϣȺɽ鲼ϴ½֮һ޼ʣĮĴ򡭡֮ѩǣľĮ½Լ֮ʢ֮ΪʥءĶ
ޱȹľ룬ⲨٶȣȴԶԶ˳˵ֻһ˲Ϣʱ䣬ǿߣҲҪǧ꣬²ľ롣
·ʱռ䣬ļȻ٣
 ع


1047 
Ⲩ̫ͻأҲ̫Ѹݡͻأе࣬һ㷴Ӧʱ䶼ûУͲ˸Ӧ
һ̣ǿߣȻ̧ͷ״Σʱռ䣬ͬһʱ㣬ͬľ¡
Ǳո֮أһɫ뵣Уƾո֡
д˼£Ǹ߸ߵʣȴ·ռݡǹɾ춯أ·ҪϢҪض߸Ĳе
ʲô
ǵɴ۾ૣС
ܿ죬תɫ뵣·𽥽ıɡٽģǿУɢȡ֮ģһʯš
ʯŸƣӴ˼£ڵɫ·⣬ҪպŤѹգۡһɺ嫣أӣɣϢʯŵĳ֣˷
һĻࡣ˶ĿɿڴĿʯţһͷƤĿֲУʯŽٵһ˲䣬˵ͷ
һԤУдֲ١
¡¡
춯صصǽյʯţһ̣һ˿ѷ졣
ĿĹ⣬һ˿ѷ쵱Ук¡
һĿķĹ֣ļȻ˻ףɨϯ˷
֮١࣬ҪΪ£ۣ
ļȻһĮϵȻص
硣һ֮ǰĲʱռ䣬ص
һ嫲ɣʷʫĲµͬʱ֮ϣԭޱߺ֮ϣһʯţһ㣬յи֡
ֻޱߺ
򡭡򡭡ĮڶһӵĻҰ֮أƾճһʯš
еʯţͷЩںеʯͶӰһ㣬ЩʯŸƣ֮ܵĿռ䶼ŤΣȻ
һʯڣ飬˳ͽģ۵򣬺Хȥ
һʱ䣬Ⱥħ裬̫·Լְһ̶ûг֡һӿֲĲݶȻһΣⲨٲ֮ǰǰ˵˼¡
塭٣
һʱ䣬඼סˡɵɵĿաΧĸ֣енٶȳ֣ǿֲʯţҲûеСʧ
̫Ҳһ̣ڻ̽ͷ
Ȼ඼֪һ̣һյճ֮硭ˣ

⡰족ͬһʱ䣬һĿ⣬Ÿ߿տȥЩĿ⵱Уſֲ飬ȴ쳣ء
򣬴󻪹춼ʮɽһ
һɽɽǧУ֮ͨ塣嶥ɽһ԰԰ڣ
һ̣ﾪ죬ϴڹ԰ϷɽһССɽ˿̣ɽ֮ǰһӰȴš
һߣžƺ«ݳªһ޴ľǣƽ˼ϲС
Ȼһ̣֮ϵ飬ȴòŽȻ෴ĸоδ̧ͷеĶһĮĿǰɽ
ɽй⻪Լ֮䣬һ˻Եд·ʲôҪʲô䡣
һ¶⣬貽â۵ס
Ҳܣ˵壬׼
һȴֻĿнâȻ⻪ʢ⣬һ̣˻֮ʢ·𼤷˸ǿҵķ
ηңȴҲ岻谭ֻڵз˻ţȴ޲
֮ΪʥأⲢֻ˵˵ѡԱḻŷ֣ռ壡
ĵ򣬵ȴûôĹţеģһ
һӴޱȣʢ˼µĹ
˹Ϊġ
ڶһǡ˳Ӵ󣬻ֺ棬ڽ̻ԻͣȻǵģһʮ㣬εضͨ޷壬һ޼ʵľ޳ǡ
ĵʮ㻪ڣһˡ
˻ۼ󡣻£͸¶һޱŨĵֻ֮ȴ·ƶˣµˣϣ˲ұӡ
ؼĵóĽ¡
Ŀǣ˿̧ͷ죬鿴ϲŭ
ֻھĵȴǿеʯȫɢ֮󣬲Żͷ䣬ȴк
Įûţûйҡһ޼ʣ걻ѩǵĵطеģһ䡣
֮أڱ֮ϣһӴޱȵĲ䡣ģһƵļ̳̳֮£ŰɫëƤ֫·壬Ĺڵء
ⳬʮڵصǰӰվءһһӰ
ϵģһͣɫƤһͷȣݲϵ˼£һƣ̧֡ͷѾǵĿ⣬ɢޱ߹âļ̳
ߣȴһòŮӡѩǵ磬ŮȴǳۣһݻƤôվڱѩ֮Сڷ٣ɢԺüĿ续ǡ
ֱۺͳ֮ϣԿµ·
֮ʯվɢʧǼ̳ŵĹ⣬Ҳɢ
һһȻ̧ͷţ֮૳٣١µԤԣˡ
򣬾󲿷ֵĵһƬĮȻڻĮУżȴҲһ塣Щ壬ЩСֵһᡣЩȴƣʥϢ
ɽһӴɽߵ֮ϣһ˺ΰֺ룬ռسСɽͷ㶼зӵ񡣸ʱ̻صء
ǿֲֵʱ˵ܵСģ¾ҪǾòصؼ·ǿֲҲѹסзޣվ£ȴû֮ͬһ뾪ĿžԾϥ£ׯϣз𾭡
ʮƵķ޿еķ𾭣ӿǾòУʱʢֲҲ޴ӽ롣ڣеľ£ҲŲʧǰɢ֮䡣ֻϡңԶǲĻ
ǷĹ˵з޵ʥء
ߵɽ壬Ϊɽɽϣһƣ֦ҶïĴ֮ϣһڸߴɵľӡ£ľݣй԰ƽ͡
һСС
СԼʮģ㵽˼¡üģһ졣
СȻȴͨĺӡϴһ㣬ɣƽ͡
̧ͷѾɢ˵ʧ֮أ֮³һ
ͷеĲԼǲϵ޵ת˹԰֮ڡ
԰УӣٹҶѾήɺɫ֮ҲһЩѿǿ̽Դ
ѿСеϺֳĵЦЦů⣬ů⡭


1048 
ȴЩ֮ǿ֮⣬أһɣϵϢڳ˲֪֮ļȻѡ
򣬾ȺΪңԶһƬһƬǳԽǿ߽УҲҪޱ޼ʵĺѹ˺塣һ̣һӵд
£ôŹȥôڣʧô
ϵţļȻһƺ⣬ںһƬڵĺףźֳһ˿ʱԿһƬһӰ
⺧Ȼһ߲Ƶİ׹ǡ
׹ǲƣԲ֪˶ꡣ֫Ѿȫʧȡ֮һʯѾʯͷڻһ𣬳Ĺ֮ϣǳ˳̦޺
Ǻ⣬⺡ǵĿն۵
ݼš
ۺָǲٴૡ
ѣǰףѣѡ
Խ΢ʧۺ⣬Ҳ֮ȫʧ
ףǰһƬ硣·𣬴δʲô
ѪԨ֮һƬɣϵĴءһ㲻Ѫɫ֮ϣľޣϢС
ļȻһһƬԨޣڵһʱܵһĿ˲͸¶ޱȻ־壬ޱӣݶ졭пĽЩޣһ˲䣬ȻС
ֻƬ̣ԲһƬء
Ԩ֮£һƬʵĴءȻڴصȴһ
ڣһӣڳŶ֮˫
˫ƽδųʲô⻪ֻһĨȻڵת
ҲӦǿֲĲ΢΢̧ͷƽ
١£ҲҪ˰ɣૣƬ֮ȴֳָһ˿Գ
⣬ʲôϵأ
ЦЦһ䣬еȻˣȡ֮ģȴǼַ񲡣ѿЦţ
Уȴһ˿Ȼһ˿ǣҡ
ЦʱʱȻͣĸϣȴһƬš

ĮжиҳĵطϲµĸŸɵĵ֮˹Щޣǿᣬ񣬻Ǽһ㡣

һϴڿʼյʱŭħӴֲĴδ˸ԨײһƬɫ뵵İΧ֮Уһݣڲһ̣ҲļȻſ۾
岢û̫ı仯ȻݰܡͷƺĸˣһͷƤ֮ϣֻʣЩҰ׶κιë鲼ɫߵİƣȫ
ȴǰżı仯
ǰ˼Բƽ͡
ʱȴ¶˼֮ɫ΢΢̧ͷڵı뵰ŵͷãüͷӦô
ӦˡЩص
ʲôݿƬ֮󣬵ͷͷѯʡ
־ţڱ̫࡭ⲨǿֲȻţȻܹӦ䲻֪ʲô£ȻǴ¡
ԳĬüͷҲãҡͷˣʲô£Ҫ뿪˵
˵ʱѹ¶ǲĺ棬һĿУȴ˸̾顣
֮һֺƽ͡ʵ⵱Уȴ̺һױȵİԵ
ݴʵʵһܺõзʽûа취˵أ޷뿪Ψһİ취
ãڵ֮ǵ֮أ֣⵱УҲһڷķֻǿڵûзɹУҲһûȥһ٣ҲһЩջ
ջУΪǿҸдģҪİԵ֮ˡ
˵ΪԵݿȣֻ¶ҪһЩˡ
һЩ޵ķŰɡգޱߡȻֻǿںţɴȴҲᵽһְԵ֮顣
˵İԵڡİԵȴڹ
Եˣҵǰһȭ֮춯أ죡İԵȴҪĵﲻҪ˳ӣ
統ֻ꣬ǷеһƷ⣬ͲǿнݶȻְԵֱëȻ亹ܡ
ȵȻ֮㱾֪ѾȻֱֲ֮ľ
İԵ
޵ģҡҡ֮⣬ԲҪ仰˵
⣬ݸķ򣬷

ǺεȵİԵ
ͷ
һ㡣ݲδʼСҪģ
·°빦ǰ·ͬä̽·в˵ȷĵ·ԣȫֵõġ
գݾʹ㿪ʼԵ˼µĴ
ݽԺзŵ⣬һƪģԺС
ÿһģ貣з컨С·ÿһģµĥ£ɼشԴ
һƪģôԺУâɣҫҫԡӳݵԺУУγɶݵķġ
һ̣ݽһּ״̬Сʶ·ڣַ·ʧԺз·ʲôû룬ַ·ࡣһȫʧ·ֻʣһԼǰ֡
ηΣѷѣΪ붨ȥ
ŭħԨ֮£ޱ޼ʵĺɫ֮Уһɢŵķ⡣ڣһ߿ݹǰߣ黨ʱޱ顣ģһЦߵϡ
ûжѪ⣬ֻһ¼ЦÿֲþġǣϵЦֲҲġеģºͣǴ飬󡭡
һ֮࣬òɶ̬⡣ȴůƽ͡
ʱ䣬Ϣ˹ȥһһգһһ£һһꡭ

֪У֮գѾȥꡣ
꣬Ƿ츲صꡣ˵Ҳǻң壬ֲꡣ
һյĳ֮ǿеʧ֮󣬴併١вĿĿֲ壬ϡ
ں޷£ӭϯصѡ
Į򣬴򣬶򡭡ûκһطӹѡ
Ⱥ˵İ壬ľۼأУȡ˾ɱ̻ˡ꣬û֪˶ˡҲ֪һ嶼޷ܵľ޴֡
ã൱Ҳǿߡڣںܶط˹ϵģΪѾȥ˵ǿߡ
ǵĳ֣ĽŲΪֹͣ١
Ȼ󣬴˵֪ˣϢء


1049 
ǣϹʱ塣
Ϲţֻ֮һЩ壬ס壬ֻǵмΪСʳĴڡ
޾֮ǰһȺˣΪδƣʵһ춯صļƻʱʮǿߣԼΪΪ¯ʮ׾ƷͣΪʮپƷӡ壡
ǾǴֱʵ¼ϹʱǿߣͶ뵽һƻ֮СΨһģǷԼʮ׾Ʒܡ⣬ҲϹŴУϾԭ
֮ƻƺǳɹˡڼ̵һʱ֮ڣ֮֮ǻ壬ؼʧӰ࣬ΪؼΨһӵǻ۵塣
ǻۣУֻбܣǻ۵ӣѷıԵش屾ʤΪ񣬻Ϊĺˣ壬ΪصסԹڡ鳤֮ƺš
صʱˡ棬ĻĹʱ½٣
ΪϹʱΪ壬Թޣĵһʱ䣬忪ʼ˷ɱ¾
أһƬֻ֮Сսŵ£֣
һû˿׼սУʧءطҲᣬͲȺ͸˼˲ʹĴۣ
ʮȴǿĲԼܱѣŵڼ̵ʱ;ݣʯ֮гֵռݡЩ֮ϵͨ壬ȫɱ
򣬱֣Թž޵¡ȺһȽϴۼ֮ءǿû⡣һΣȴҲֵס
ֻԼԵ죬ҲҪݡ
ĳޣһݣֻ֮أٲ
壬һθܵϹʱ֮ʱ֮ѡ
ãսԶԶ壬ڸ߶սϣƾµۻҲǲġӶг˯Ĺʶѣڽķɱ¾֮壬ƺҲʶɱ¾ȥ˫ûʲôôڸԿ֮£أǽһԵƽʱڡ
Ȼ廹嶼֪֮պɱ¾ѾѪ𡣴˳𣬲ôˡ
٣ƺطϹʱڱϾϹšڣƾµءȻɱ˸ֲµľ󲿷ֵ򣬻ƿС
طҪعϹʱķ٣ҲһһϦ
ĴƣżĴڻ̫ŲΪ֪硭Ȼʮ׾ƷӡֺιʻʱͻȻƷ⣿ֻǡ÷ӡ֮ɢôʮ׾Ʒʲôط˵屻ӡʮ׾Ʒ֮УΪλʯڳʯţ־Ǹʲôڣ
̫̫ţ˵вδἰдȥһ̽Ѱ𰸡
֮ȫã͵֮꣬

䷢һУǲ֪ġʱѾ״̬¡
£Ϊߣһ붨ǧҲǳ̬Ҳ֮ǿ¶ԭ
У;ͬ飬Ѱǳӣ̽ǳ֮ʱ䣬˵ҪȴҲҪĶ
ŭħԨײɫȻΧšʮţԵķ֮ϵĹ⻪Ѿûп⼤֮£Ѿ̽෽Բ
ʣԣȴ׳أɫ뵣ҲԽ벽
һƬķ⵱Уݱ˵ϣڴ˿̣Ҳ𽥵¶һ˿ķ⡣
֮ϵĹƣȴвͬ
˵֮ϵķ⣬ֳͣƽĻôϵķ⣬֮⣬һԡ
ǷԣҲȱʧʮӰ֮ΪȱĶ
ʱ⻹΢δɢ֮Ĺ⻹ҪĶࡣˣĺɫ뵣δӦ
гдʱ֮һգ˱仯
һֱĿ΢Ц״̬ݣŵ˫ĿͻȻһ˿һ˿ĳ֣ϵķ⣬Ȼһһ֣ʼͣɢ
ʱֲ࣬ĺɫ뵲ûʲôӦȻֻں̵ܶʱԽԽ˲䣬ԽԭķⷶΧ
ݵķʵĽӴǺɫ뵵һ˲䣬ļȻһ𶯣Ժɫ뵵дֻһ֮Ȼһҵ˼µļ˻ţӺɫ뵵д
ǽӴĺɫ뵣һ˲·𾪿ֵ˼£ĵȥ·˿ҲԸմȾһƷ⡣
ˣ
ɫ𵴣񵹾ϵķ⣬ԽԽ
ɣɣʮɣʮɣʮɡ
ɢ
ɢ̶ȣҲԽԽʢԽԽʢ
ʮɣɣһʮɣһʮɡ
˷Եķ⣬һֳ̣Ŀֲ֮ɫ˵·⣬ǵСڷ֮£֮ڰŨĺڰҫ£ҲҪɢҲҪ˱ܣ
һʮɻ꣡
Ƿ⣬ɢԶĵطȥ
ɫ뵷˻𣬷·һ˲伤ŭ˼£뵵У̶֣Ǻ
ȻһУûжҡݰ֡
ŷɢݱҲһ˿仯
壬⿪ʼһ̣ʼ𽥸ա
ɫƵĿ°ļʼɫģֳһ˿סͷԴ̣һ˿˿ɫ㷢ʼƱ鲼ݣֳһ˿⣬֮󣬿ʼһ˿󡣸ɱΣڻͣ³Ѫ⡭
Եķһչ·˵ҲòȥѪϹľԴԴܹͣ忪ʼա
ȻⲢؼı仯
ؼı仯ݵԺ
һյķ⣬ƾոԺ
Ƿ֣Ƿӵõı־
зԺֱ֡ȥԼδ
ȻݵԺ󣬳һֳַֽ֡ɫ貣Ȼƽ͡
ȫֳ֮󣬲ŷ֣ǳԵĹ⣬֮ϣ
ֳֵͬһʱ䣬Ǻ޾Ĵɽ֮ϡ
ˡˡˡ
һӴͻȻ׵Զ˲Ǹǹ˾òɽϵ֡
ɽо޴ԺԺзʮơ֮գЩ޶йκһ˿ɫ䣬оģͬһʱ併κһʯŲȫѹȥʹ䷨ɽ֡
Ȼһ̣Ӵ֮ͻȻһ̣зޣȴȻ̧ͷˣͬһ


1050 
ɽߵɽ壬ɽ֮ϣһžھĶˣȴһӡ
ӹӣɣϢߴɣԾ˵һ˶Ĺʵ
ӣΪõӡ紵ò졣š
֮գӶ
Ψһܹôģֻһ¡Ǿǣ֮䣬һ÷ķ֮ʱӣŻ
ӴδȻ˿̣ˡ
ˡ
Ӵ֮ÿһ죬أԶƾá֡
ɽϣԣ֮ϣֳӰ񡣻黨΢ЦƼգĿü
֣з޶һ̣򣬷·˳жֳһ˿򣬶ǶʱеԻ٣һϥĿ붨ееƿһ̣Ȼǿʼɢ뵽ѵһĶ״̬
ÿһ죬Խһ֣Ǹ
һ죬Ǿ
֮󣬵õӻͣ٣֮еķӰҲɢȥ
ŷɢޣãȻ۾
ǵУе˻·֣ͻƿΪһˣȴһããУȴôһ˿˿˼ȻΪû·Ҳͻƿ
ھ֮£԰֮еСУҲ̧ͷϣֳһ˿ȡ
һҲ̲ס棬΢΢ü
ʱһǿµüɢչȥ
˴򣬺󺣣ĮԽ˶ӹϡֻһ˲Ϣʱ䣬Ȼأȫ֡
ǿᵽ˼£Ҳֲ˼¡ǣȴûκܹӦĵ
֮أ֮Сأǳ˯ѵʶ̽
˺ܹܶ࣬Ӧģȴٺ١
һȦ֮Сȴ΢΢۾Уٶȸֳһ˿ȡ
硭ؾ֮ôСૡ
ֻƬ֮ȻһЦ
޳˷ߣպһ֮ա
˵⻰Св⣬ȥŪˡ

ɽһĻȻ֪ʱ۾
۵һɲǣеľâԺ֣Ƿ⣬һ˲ﵽ㡭ǧʮɣ
һ̣ʶ춯صı仯ͼһʶռ䣬ƾյУһö
ͬԱ߱ԴǿߵһһĽɫŹ⣬գӳǰߵʶաԲת֮ϣһӣԺз֣黨
ϸܷ֣֮ϵķӣȻݵһ޶
ޣͬڵʿޣǵͼ޵ģ
Ϊ
ʶ֮Уȴݵͼ档ʶһ߿ٳһռ䣬ҫգͼ໥ԡ
һ˲֮һƬģļȻƾո֣һ㣬ֹ߲
ϸֱܷ棬⻯һģþǴһľġ
һžĸֵһ̣ȻʢͬʱԭڵգͻȻ͸¶һ⡣˹壬ֻ⣬ȴ˲֪ĺɫ뵣ֱֱҫݵϡ
سɷ𡣡
һزɣļȻصݵĶС
ʱԺлþƮȻɣиֳãȻܵһӰ죬һնȴĳ嶯
ãȻֻһ˲֮ݵĿָ̼
ֻĿâ䣬ûֱ̲֮ϵһ⡣գһ춯صȡ

һ֣ףءУ̺ױȵİԵ
ߣҲȻңߣ
ݱĻٶȺ졣
ǵӲ֮µĹ⣬ҲһߵȻ𵴡ڳʱ֮ȻɢһͨҲ˲±ɫռݡ
ֻǵʧĿеɫŽȥһۣվ³һŵͷԼ
ԼѾָ֮ǰȻģ֮һȴǸп
Ȼӵоΰֻǵһ㣬Ȼ÷֮ɡɲ
ݣѾĵһ㣬ˡ
ղһԼǸеȴǷ֮֡
ǽֻһѡνǧÿһ·ߵ£ڵΪһӡ
־ҲЩ־ۺ塣
ʵ˵־Ҳôľ׼ûһȷе־
磬֮ľ⣬Ƿա־֣Ƿաˮ֮ľںϣ־֣ںϡ֮ľǰԵ־֣ҲǺɨһеİԵ
ľ⣬ǶȻ־֣ҲǶȻ
Ⲣǡˡ־һľ֡
һУ֮֮У顣
ȻǶ֮컯ľ䣬侭֮Զֻǵһ㣬̫̫ࡣ
Ե֮ڷ־ǳ֣ҪȻǳɹĴ֮õһֱֳģз̶ȣӽ֮󣬶ǰһʵķԾ
ݱˣҲΪֱӿ򾳣̥ߵľ硣
һĻᣬʵϣô򵥡
Եġʵǳ⵱еɱ֮ģ֮ġһеִ
ִ飬飬飬ޣԹŭΪ˵һϲŭһ£ӴԺ㻹ӵм䡣ԼЩЩĸоȻͬٲ㲨ͬİһ㡣
⣬Ը⿴ġ
ԣ޷ֻΪ÷Ȼˣ
̫дȴͬûӴԺ󣬳ΪԴķ
Ϊǿʧȴңֻʲô壿
⣬޷޵ľңҡνңҿҾڵҡģģĵģġң
ȴһУȻ⣬ΪﶯԼ̬ңҲ׷ȻҲͲǡҡȻǡҡħҲ⣬ȴΥҵ㲻ҵĵ
ҵĵһҲҲһ޹ȥδֻ
ĿоâԺķ֣Ž⣬⣬ĵĹ̵УԽ財


1051 һ̽
ﵽǧʮɵķ⣬Ǻɫ뵵еļ֮Խ̶뱩ꡣȻ֮ǰԷ߷ķⲻͬ⵽ɫ뵣Խ׳һп־役ԼԼĴݵ֮С
·һ̣Ǽ򵥵ʶУҲ˿־壡
ϲˣ
ʱŴһ˿ϲɫ
ĿһҲֳЦݣпû뵽ڴ˵رʮ֮á
ٶһٱʱҲֵã򣬻֪ʲôʲôʱŻءЦ⣬Ǹ̾򵥣ֻǵһӵȻȱ룬ϡҲ֪ɲô޳ġ
ȱЩܻôһ۰צĸԺСƺҲйӴƺҲţ
ϧƺе㣬ֻ½Ų˼ľΰп
Ѱֻǵһ㣬ѾмΪֲ
Ǵӷ￴ȥҲǼΪ˵ġ
ȴǵȻһЦ̫Ʈ죬һɻûʧȥңҲȡɡҪǼȥҲұ֤Լ᲻̵ʧ˵ֻߣŵһĹЧѾ֮ϲˣҲ̫ࡣ
ݴȴʵһȡɣνȡɣҲйԡҡ֪һϡʼĴһᶨĿ꣬ǡҲһľӶ֮гɹ
ǵڶ͵㣬ľҪͺܸˡ
ɽɽˮˮ
ɽɽˮˮ
ɽɽˮˮ
ľǶӦ㾭ǿ͸ֱָԴʵĴͨ
һ״ﵽڶ͵㣬ȴô׵ġ⵱У̫ļագȻգҲ档ڵڶľй̵ʧ
Ҳԣ˵ͼǴһ·ȥһտɿԼ硣ʱĵڶľֱ￴͸Դľ硣ûбҪƽա֮һ£Цŵ
ͼߵľǹ籾Դ֮·֮УͼݻԹܷĵڶľ
ʵں쳾ĥڶľܹ̫̫٣ģʧ֮С
ͼûô鷳ֻ谴Ͱȥͼݻ֮£ɿٱԴǸʱݱֱӾӵ˿͸Դ
ľطһľȫ㹻ᶨң޿ɶҡľߡ
ǽô죿һ޳ɣ˵ķӵпֲԣ޳ɫ뵣ȻзԵķĴֲסˡٶȿڡ
ԣȴû̫ɣ̧ͷǰ̫Ź֣ȻԣѰȻްҵ뿴˵ؾͷʲôطɫӰӣ־ʲô
˵䣬Ŀ档
ͼеµԨ棬ǺڡԨֲ꣬Ǻ㷽ǰôһֱǺ㴦ʲôе棬ùȥ
ô˵ԭ˵ʲôķһ£Ҳûٶ˵ʲô
ͼҲǧ˿Ƶϵġͼʾ֮ҲҲʲôҲ˵ȷҪȥ
뵽ڲԣֱն𣬻һ⣬ǰХȥ
ӵ˴ķ֮󣬷Ŀֲȫ˳ɢǧʮɵķ⣬ͬӰ֮ɫ뵷񵹾ˣһ󾪿״мݡһΣöԴûжãȫɫѹơ
Уޱȵɱа񡣱֮꣬ҪŨֹ
ǵ꣬Щɫ뵾˼ҵĶԴݵĻֻݸûа취ȥʲôȫҪֲԿϡ
񣬴һɣݸѾгһľֹǧٱοһľǷĳʼľȴҲ˵ıֻһҡЩɫ뵵ȫЧ
ݵҲ߱
ԣһ·ѹûκϰ
˵򷨻ǲԣɫȫݻ޷ͼңоȫƾѪС
˵Ͳòһ㣬֮򷨲ԣȴΨ𷨿áΪҲǼΪġ
޵֮һڼͼһ㣬Ҫ֮ܡԼ򷨲ԵĴ˵أ֮ȻҲܶá
ȻҲͼֻǵйءﵽԴͼԳɱԴǸʱ򣬾޷֮ͨҲʹˡ
ǱԴǿ
ԳɱԴɹͨأҲʩΪ
һ·ѹݻ䵽ռһĻʱǺεƣ
ΰ²ٹ֮ĿǡҲ֪صһķǺεȵľž֮
һ·У裬ݵٶȱ֮˺ֹǧٱ
ˣһ·ǰȻޱ޼ʵĺɫ뵣·ûоͷ
ãݵľԲͬ˵ǰľԣ˷֮ʮ㡣Ȼ·ޱ޼ʣ˿ûб仯һ·ǰ
һɣһµʱ䡣
Ѫķٶȿɲ˵һµʱ䣬Ѿɳ֮ңǰȻһƬڰ뵡
Ԩ֮ʵ𾪡ѡȥֻǧ꣬Ҳûа취ߵͷ
һɣһֱһ֮ĳһա
һգȻȻţȻȻ֮䣬ԭ˵ĺɫ뵣ƺǱȵ˼£ֻ߱ʲôԭ㵹˵ĺɫ뵣һ̣ȻӲŶԷĿ־壬ͣȻŸӷа־Ȼϯ
־֮֮ǰ˺ֹٱ˻䣬ǰأûħӰ񣬴Ĺ֮Ӳǧʮɵķ֮ڣݣȻϮ
ħڷ֮ڷɢ񣬺ڣ飬ǰͺ̣ӿƺҪֱڴˣǰ
һĻĿоâȻʢ֪ҲѾҪĵطˡͻûħ֮أֱġ
ħ֮ʣһ˿Цݡ
ãԿžϷжܡ
ͷһֻ˫Ȼһӡ
ӡжʶеıƵ˲財һŨµķ⣬⣬Ժ֣˲ɢӴ


1052 ɽ

ݱׯϣһ֮ļȻأԭڰյУһӻƾո֣
֣أȻ죬ءǷǰδе
֮£·һдڣҪȻ
ǷĹ
һ
ֵһ˲䣬ХħӰʱҵµĲҽ֮ҽ֮ͬķҽУ񵽼£Ҳֲ¡
Щħڷ⵱Уȫڣûаֵֵ֮
ȻһУֻ󶯡־ķˡĹûг֡
һĻȻֻ󶯶־˿ֲ仯ǽ־ȥأ
Ŀоâɵģһָ
ˣ
أ·Ȼͣһ˲·һʧΨһڵģֻݵһָΪһΪĿĴڡ
ڶݵķ·ʱ֮֮ͣлûӰһ̣ļȻޡţ⣬һУ˲䣬ӿΪĿһָС漴Ȼ
һָ·з⣬һָɾ;춯صĴֲУγһĲƵĹ⣬ǰ޾ĺɫ뵵У˳ȥ
ָɫҲҽжûзȻɢɢǱȫľγһֲУǰȥ
գһָ֮£ҲŤ·һָѾռɳܵļ֮˺У¶ޡ
ôΪ۷һָ֮ǿᣬֱĿɿڴ
Ȼݣȫɵۡȴڶ⣬Ϊֹǿ
⣬Ƿžžô
ȫסˡ
֪žͬСɡڵ꣬ΣΪžžԳɹɹ
Ȼȫû뵽žȻѾֲ˹磡
ֻǶһŷŹ⶷־Ĺֻ򱶲ֹ
ҲǴ־䣬ܴﵽЧǷ߾䣬һͿ޳졣ǻܡʱУҲż־̾
ֹҲγǿ𺳡
ֻһָǰѾһ޴ĺɫյشָ⻹ǰɣȴѾĿⲻɼ֮أȴʶƺָµķԣȴΧĺɫ뵣ټͣķһ˲ɢ
ķ֮˵ֹҲܳʩΪ㿴һָϵĽ⣬Ѿĵһ㡣
ٶȿڡ
һʱʶʶȻʶ֮УͼӳĽɫĹ⣬ѾһЩΧľ΢ģһ㡣
ݵδﵽԴӵܡһָʮ֮һ
һ֮ȴ¶Цݡ
ʮΣѾ㹻ĹԽħҲٶ޲ˡ
ݺ⡣
ȻֻʩΪʮΣϾֻġָҲˡ
ϵֹڣȻһָĵȫ֮ΣֻҪõ
񣬴Ͼžݹز⡣ΪԽսʱ
̥Ȼ壬ʤʵ󡣳Ƕ÷ĵڶɱ
ĵڶɱȴǲ׶õġһҪҪѹķ˵Ǻ¡ܲãǾá
Ȼڣ̥Եĵ
Ͼžӵк̥
ݸпаգɱŭħеĽħˣĿʼѪԼﵽ̥Ҫǿĵز
¶Цݣ֮еܣͷȥ
ħɱպ̸ڣģɫ뵣ǴӺζ
Ŀ⣬·ȥȴûа취̫СҲɣֱһǰ˹ȥ
µˣɫ뵣·ܵǶ־һָޱȿֲ֮УڶݵΡڲ֮ڿôȴ͹ƽĵ֮⣬һˡ
һᵩڴ֮ϵģ޴ɽ
һױȵĲɣϵϢԵɫ뵣ͬһӰӣɽ죬·һˮݣͬȴʵĺɫǡ
̽ǧҾ֮ЩӰӣ˺ɫ뵣Ⱦһء
⣬Ǻɫ뵵Դͷڣ
ɽݣҲ̲סһ
һţŲɣϢءǴҡҷ׵ˮݡǿһڵķ޴ǣݾ͸оһĺ
ȻûеǿҵԤСǱɫǴڵֻҲҪ֮Σ
ʲô
ͷƤ飬һʱ䣬ȴǰֻԶԶš
Ũˣ˵а񣬲Ҫޱȵء
һ£ϸӦһ֮󣬶ʱһȻʲôа֮⣿ص˼µ
ѹ֣ѪϹľҲ޷ֱֲ̫ͣ֡죡
аɱ¾֮ʲôȻ𺳵ģһɽ֮ϴν֮а֮һи
Ǻɫ뵵еаɱ¾ʵؼȡĸЩܵģֻЩ
Ȼ˴˿̣ݲ˹ЩǺɫĸԵɣԭ
һ£ǿԽ͵ͨΪѪϹľɢˡǲǱɡıĥˣ
ֱǻˮһĲݡ֮أκһҪĥ
ҺúɫǱϡͻ֮ЩɫǡϹľֻ̼Ҫˡϸֳء
ɫ֮ϵģɼˣȻܵµ⡣ԤĴǴʶڱûȫϹľͻơСǿ֮󣬻һַӦ
ֻ£춦Ҳٶѹˡ
⵽ʲôط֮Ŀ⾼ĳ·ȥ
ɽԶֹһСͷȥ֪ӵ˺δ
ݲɽ浽˼¡ɹɽ֮ϵЩɫǣֹԽ׳ذ벽
𺳵ͬʱ۲֮Ŀһɽһȥ
˵ʶ谭޷ͨʶ̽ɽжгƬ֮󣬱һһ򣬷˳ȥ
ҪɽжûʲôطǿԽġ


1053 ϱۣ
һ·У֮ɫ飬ޱ޼ʣɽ֮ÿһë纣ݣƮһŨµѹ֡
ֻ΢Ʈɢһ˿һʱ֮Ҳݸոճĳֳһ˿ɫ˵̫ŨҲڷֺƺĳ䣬ʹΪص޷Ʈɢ⣬Щϡͺĺɫ뵣ƺΪ̫ظʹ֮ҲоЧϵܱ档֮ǰǰһ֣ͱĥ
һ̣ʶеϹľƺҲ쳣Щվûбʲô̫𵴡ֻǴϹľıֿԿݵĵǣ޵ķʸ汻ɫǾסĻϹľԻһʱ롣
һСĽһ߿ţƬ֮ݵһ¶˼ֹŹ֮ɫ
һ·ͷɽԽԽмֲ˼飬Уһ²⡣
ֻǣ²Ÿһ֣ݾæҡҡͷ
ôܣǲܵġ϶Լˣϡ
ҡͷԼеĲ²⡣
Ȼô룬̲סӦ롣ȴԽԽ
һֱһʱ֮ɽľͷ֮ݲŻŵĵɴ۾
⾹ģ
ǰɽľͷֵģֱӶϵͱڡֵ֮ġһֻӴޱȵƣ
ڣָӡڴ֮ϡһǣ·ǴƵÿһë׵ҡҷֹ
һɲɣϣݼŵϢ֮ϡ
ȻһУȲϴ˿̣е𾪣
Ĳ²⡭Ȼģ
·ϣݾͷ֣Ӹ߿ոȥһɽ·һֱ۵ģȫһ£ֱ۷Ŵƽڴ֮ϣֻ¾ɽģ
ֻ²һ֣ݾʶѡ񲻸šɽεӴϣʲôһֱۣܴﵽ̶ֳȣ
ݲš
Ȼ˴ʱٲţȴҲòšһǵġֲɽֻһֱۣ
һδֱ֪ۣ
ݵԲ۾ĶŴأ֮ŻĻعе𺳣ȴûаֵɢ
Ӹշֱ۵λõڣѾ˽ʮ֮ңҲ˵һֱ۵ĳȣѾʮ
һֱۣʮʲô
ң⻹ֻһ֡Է֮һȥ֪쵽δ
ڿдƬ֮ͽȻһҧһתֱֱۣٶȷ˳ȥ
ֱ̫𺳣Ҫֱ۵ӵߣǸʲôǴһʲô״̬
Ȼ֪⵱ޱȵΣգ˵δ֪ͣԣͿֲûб߼ʡһֱ۵һ־ʹﵽʮ֮ңĿֲڣ壬ͬһӴĴ½ǰݲϣΪٸߣֻһָܽ顣
ԭ·طһΣһ΢ĸ֮ٿǴǣȻ˲ͬķ֡Щǣֱ֮ϵëĴڡͬ޴ĺëɣͨ˵ȻӴޱȡֱ˵ֻһëϸС
ݵɫޱأһٶȼ죬ʱѾصֱ۵λãͣǰжȥ
һɣֹ˰ʱյλãһϲ㡭
⣬һϱۣ
һȳ˶ʮģֲϱۣ
ϱۣ·Լλöѣͬһ޵ϡ
ϱ֮ĸ߶ȣҲﵽ˿ֲǧ֮࣡¶в֪ԭ˿ȴֳɫĹ⡣
¶Ĳλдɫ޷Ĵڡ
ݣȴڿУȫֹ
ȷֻһϱ֮ͷ캧ˡ𺳣ǾþòƽϢ
ô㶵ĵͷţһϱۣ߸һ֪
ϡôӴô
૵Ŀѯʡ
һϱ۵ĳȳʮʲô˵ĸ߶ȣҲʮ֮ϣ
ʮʲô˵һǿߣõؽ׾ƷķбҲҪķѳʱ䣬ܴĽŵףɵͷ
ݶңоŲƣҲҪʮϢʱ䣡
壬һ½ȴ󻪹ҪӴʮ
ȴпܣֻһ
һ󣬵߸֪ģֲ
Ҳȫ𺳡ݵѯʣҲĬ֮󣬲ŻڣϹ֮һ»ҪӹϡϢֲ̫
ޱȵ𺳡
ļУûйشļ䣿ѯʡ
ûСӦ
ԣٲԣ㶵ĵͷ·ɽĶϱۣĿе𺳣ˣþ޷ƽϢ
𺳣֮ݲųһ۾֮󣬲ٶе𺳣վ΢΢ɢһЩ
۾Ƕϱ۵λãܹĸܵһɿֲϢϢֲ֮ƽǵ٣֮ǰԷ֮ĶȻҲûиܵ˿ֲϢ
ио޳Ŀϱۣȴģֻ䣡
Ȼûκεĸݣоĵ䣬䡣ѪѪҺҲ޷
ڡ˵Ѿûжٹϸ𣬴޾֮Ĵ󻪹Ļп˶䣡
ָоĺͷŲɡ
һ㣬гľﵽһľ磬ΣδԼ֮䣬ѾԿ͸ôһ˿
һϱۣΪȥһ̽ĵط
ڿпãԺеţһĸ˳
˶ϱۣʲôģۣΪҪ¼ͼ֮У
ʱѾԶ϶˵أͼУ¼ŭħڵһǵڣ
֮ǰйܶƲ⣬ɫǵױλãʯйأֻȥĵطʲôǣΣҲû뵽ע֮أȻôһֲδ֪Ķϱۣ
ʲôϱΪβڴˣۣΪҪ⽫עͼ֮ϣ
ͼ֮ϣÿһԱߣһɫ㡣˶ϱΪŭħԱߵĺ㡣ôԱߵĺ㣬ʲô
ѵǴಿλ
ȻиҪġ
ݵĿǶϱ֮ĺ𵴡
һֱۣʮֲޱȡһбۣӵ˹ѹԽĴڣʲôһۣһۣΪλŭħУ


1054 С
һŲͣð
йʮӵкܶšΪαУǺżǲʮеǣôл꣬Ϊλڣǣʲô
ݲ²Ǻɫע㣬ÿ֮ڣʵ֤Ͼʮǿǿ֮ѣ֮ǰ׷գҪʯţô֪֮౦ĵص㣿Ȼ֪²ɣظпЩ뿪ԭĵط
еķͲǱǵϵõġ
һϵепܾʮеġ߱콣
Щ⣬ûŪڣֶһѵšɫע㣬עģȻôֲδ֪Ĳֻ֫ŭħڵıעǴ֫оıע㶼ǣ
ǣ۽֮עϣȴֲݡʲôԭ
ԺͬһŽΪŭħҵǵ㣬ܶŶԽ⿪ڣǵû⿪Ÿˡ
֮ݲҡҡͷʱһĿоâʱһȻ·ɽĶϱۿȥ
Ŀ棬·
ϱɽɫдֲڡĿĶŶϱ֮ϸϸػؿ˴죬ȴûκεķ֡
΢΢üͷĿ˸
ˣôˣݵһʵ
ȴûϻӦֶƬ֮һ㶣Żüȴ֪ʲô
ôˣ̲סʡ
֮ҡҡͷûʲôǴ
Ȼ˵ǴȴһҲ·޴ϱۣϸѰңȻһ
Ƭ֮ҡҡͷ
ˣ˵̫Ҳ̫Σգڸ̽ĵط
һУΪȥ֮˵
кܶţҪȥľڣܵõӡ֤
뵽¿ٲɣһתֱӳŸ߿շȥ
Ժ֣̼ޱ߷⣬Χĺɫ뵣񵹾ɢһ˲Եķ𣬴ݶƽŸ߸ߵĿзжȥ
һֱݵıӰѾСʱǾ޴ĶϱɽУһСɵĽɫӰȴǶϱ˿֮̽˳
һֻɫСޣͨ鲼ɫëСȴͬһ˫ë׵Ķ䣬βһ̣߳һ˫ڵĴ۾У¶ģȴϱ֮صŽȻͬ
˿̵̧ͷ¶޵ĺ棬ԽԽߵıӰ
һֱݵıҪʧɫС޵У¶֮ɫЩĻͷһ۾޴Ķϱۣһ֮ȴһת磬һ󣬴գ׷뿪ķԶԶĸȥ

ڳˡ
ŭħ޴ԨϿգһҫݣޱߺɫ֮Уƿն
ͷһƬͬһ뵡
ڵĵطԨĵλã˷Ǻɫ뵣ޱ޼ʣûа顣УţΪһΨһĴڡ
û뵽һ⣬ұʮꡭ
УȴЩп
һʮ꣬ʱ˵Ȼ㲻ó뱻ͷЩп
Գңо´ȥġû뵽ֻŭħһԨͲС
ڽŭħ֮ǰǡõõ˴治֪ô졣
ҲڱٰʮģٲᣬҲֻѡѪҺȥˡ
һεĽѵҲһ뷨
ܰһͬһϵԴҲʱúһ¸δˡֹһٳƵ顣
Ҫһٱ㾡һҲôٻеڶ·ѡ
ܵ˵һαջǺܴġ˴Ǳ治֪ʲôʱŻѡȥˡ
Щʮǰæһˡ뵽βŭħЩǿǡǶԼż뷨ġԼʮ꣬Ҳ֪ûڼѰԼ
֮⡭
ǰһҲ⡭뵾ط򣬵һ̶ܹǿң˵䲨ǿҳ̶ȼ˾ˡҲ֪Ƿʲô
Ȼһֱû˵ʵǰһΪġ
ϸ룬黹ͦģվԭƬ֮¿ĿӦһ¡
Ƭ֮۾һ¶Цݡ
Ȼ뵣طѾԶá
ֻϵķ⿪ʼɢ漴Ժķ֣Ҳû֮Сֻһķ⣬ܲλá
Ʒ׿ԶһȡзԵķĸߣԼ·żвƺж
Щٲɣһ·һ̤
һ̤գת˲֮䣬ʧ
ݵζʧ֮ޱߵ֮УһҲƿڿУֻС޵ģ
СУһ˫۾˺档һ֮󣬺΢΢ʶһ±ͷŤͷһȥ̤һķλ
漴С޵۾һһȻһ̽ץ˺գһͷ˽ȥ
ת֮䣬޸СޣҲʧԭء
ͷСޣȻҲÿռ֮

ңоٶȸо˵ݵĸоһ̤һϢԽաѹʮ꣬ͻȻſĸоǳϵĺá
һ·ϣҲˣԨŭħԣһޱ޼ʵĺɫϿգûκڡ
ڣٴε˸֮ԨıԵڳݵĿУ
ٴ˸һҲ˵ʮʱ֮ڣѾԨ֮Уľ롣
һ˸ݣԨıԵԨԱߣͷȥ
·ǹĺɫ뵣֮⣬ֻº֪Ԩ֮£Ŀ־塣
̥©֮ԼҲᱻĥǺɫ뵻֮Դ޴ӿܡ̥УҲֻԶķݡ
ɫ뵸صʵ־壬޷֣һΪʮȥ˾ţ̥ҲԿ⡣
Ҳֻе˱Դ©ԴпܺһƬԨ
ҲԨͨطһҲͰˣǽӴǶϱۡ
𿴵Ƕϱ֮Ǿҵľ֮ģȻûǶϱйֱ潻棬ȴڵֻҪҽȥ·һûκν֮
ҲǴӰƺǱĳһأʹ䲻뿪ϱǧɾ롣Ǹ룬ͻԶϡͻкɫ뵡ŭħʲôӣҲ޷


1055 ʼɱ
Щɫ̽⵽ʱƺֻۼһʱֺɫӰӴһ㣬Я֮Ԩײ統ݱȥһ㡣
ɫΪλǰ仯Ҳ벻̫סô˵Ԩȴǽ֮εļסˡ
Ϊ̫ͣǶϱۼȻ¼ͼ֮ϣȻԭġڲֻ̽ܵպΪȥ˵ˡ
ĿһԨƬ֮һתͷȴǿԶա
ڣҲʱʼɱˡ˴ϾžħѾɱ
ȴţ˵ҪģǱǿ
ֻбǿ֮ܽЩţһһ⿪
һ֮ٲɣһٶȶ֮С
ʧͬһʱ䣬һѺ۸֣һͷСޣԵ˳
һƬڴ½֮ǰС޵ĿУ޵Ļ档ͷʶ̧ͷһǷݽŲ̤ķĿƺ¶һ˿ɡƬ֮ƺ¾¶죬ٶգǳƬ½˳ȥ
СɵӰɫ磬תۼ䣬ʧԨԵ

֮
ŭħһһͷɽħŭޱȵ˻֮
ν֮䣬ߵĿռ䣬΢¶աɺ˫Ŀޱȵķŭһ˻˻䣬ǰ紿Ľǣͷųֲ⻪ǰȥ
⻪ֲ˼£һ֣أ˺ա⻪ӿ֮䣬˵ѾɫħȻҲ۵˵У⻪Ȼһǵأ𵴶
ڹ⻪ָһƬ貵Ľ⣬ռ˰ʡ
ģһӡ
ò˼£һ׽׳ݡǽ⣬ǴԺһֵУɢ
ֲĹ⻪ӵû˿ĶݣһƬ͡ڹ⻪֮ǰ˫֣һӡǣ³
һؼȻʢ߸֮ϣǱԺֽ֮أһƬӻӰļȻ֡
·һ˲䣬ֽ֮أ̼仯һƮʥ࣬ʥĤ֮ġ
ǽħֵһ˲ɺ˫ĿΪ֮һֳһãǴ͸ȥĿֲ⻪һ˿ͣ١
һ̣ӣһָ
һָ赭дأȴ·˲Ϊ֮һ١һֲµĹ⣬ָ⣬Ȼ
֮еķӰ̼仯ޣ·ָµĹȥռѣһֲ˺ۣ¶աȻ仯֮Уһָ⣬ӭŽħͷŶĿֲ⻪ײȥ
춯صĺ֮˲䱬ѣֲΪ֮ʧɫſգһƬƬգֲ⻪ײ֮£̼䲼ء
𣬽ħĿеãȻˣǿֲɱ¾֮ɫٶȸУ˻
˻֮ʣ棬ȻһָܣԶԶ˽ħǷĹ⣬ȻУ֮ȫȥƲ˲䣬˽ħ
֮Уħһָ֮£һ㷴֮ûУ˲䱻˳ȥ֮Уۼܵޱǿĳԭɼ˵ۼףһҲ·˼£ŷ⡣
ָ̫֮ǿħǿᣬڷָ֮£վһ˿ƣۼ֮ϡŵһ˿ƵĲ·˲Ӧһ֮֮ͣʣħŤҪӳָΧվв
ħһ춯صĲҽУҽУۼѣĥһֱָӽħأڵ֮ϣһ޴ޱȵĿӶ
Ļ𣬺졣֮һĻȫɢʱſһָ֮£ħۼףòѪ˳ۼڿӶУ΢΢ţҪѾ
Ȼ˿
ˣӵϣŸֳʵЦݡ
Ͼž֮־ȻǷͬСɡָһͷħ
ӣȻ뿪ԨѾյݣ
ʱѰҽħڽ죬ҵ˵һͷ
֮ǰħսνʹҲκβáտŷڶɱ󣬽֮СȻһΣֻǼ򵥵ָѾ֮˽࣬ͬն
ħҲ̥еٮٮߣԷڶɱɱʱΪʱ̫죬ûע⡭̥壬ȻǷͬСɡһָڶָĥ֮ϣֱָŽ֮ƿ֮ǿǾˡ
ݰпͬʱҲЩ𾪷ڶɱ֮ǿ
϶־ǿĹ̥档ˣɱûʲôܣûĽħָնõڶɱȴ̼ͽ֮ɱ̥ĿֲڵڶɱǰǸЦ
࣬ɲһǰ㡣
֮ǿǺŵġڸпͬʱҲĸоԼΪ̫ǳĴ߱ʲôҲ㡣
пһݾҡҡͷ
ǿ࣬ҲԷƱ㣬ʵҲҵ¡
ܴ꣬ﵽ־ġ˵޽УֻҲë˰ɣ
ʵûбҪ԰ʲô
ͷһѾ˿ĽħһЦ̧һƬ֣һȭ·ȥ
Ԫ֮˲ӿһȭֱӴ˽ħԴһۼ׵˿֮ϡ
䣡
ħٲķһ˻Ƭ֮ڻͣȥ
һȭǽħȫʢʱڣһ۵ȨûС״֮£ȴѹһݡ
һݣǵݱжأؼǿʱ
ħȥݲٳɣʱһȻԺʧȻУѪɽħȫ˵С
漴ħ壬ۿӵĸɱȥݻѪɶȥ
̣һʱ֮󡭡
ħʬ壬Ѿȫɱ񣬻ĩѪһ֮󣬻ݡ
ٳֵݣݳ죬â磬£ɢŨѪ⡣
ħԣĲƷ
ĸоԼͼһ̣ٶ˼֡ΧѾﵽǧ֮ң壬Ҳһ̣ﵽ̥ǿʮ֮ĳ̶ȣ
ڶͷʮͷѪɴﵽ۷壡
¶Цݡ
Ľչ˳ġΪħѪҺУվûԼռЧĺáΨĽȣȴʵʵġ


1056 еؾ
Ѫ۷壬ɴﵽʮ̥ǿĵزһɣԵ̥ǿûֲܿĹͨվԭɶԷֻ¶ԷҲƵķ
ڴѪ۷ɵܣ¸Ӧһ֮һ̧ţ֮С

ʱ䣬ô˹ȥ
ŭħ˺ƴܹеģֻеǿߣеʱһ궼ڶҲοǴŭħĵطΧħȫִĺɫħ֮УҲֻ˴ݿԴԡˣ̥޴ӵħԣȻôʱûˣҲδʲô쳣ȻѰҽħѪ뼺׳塣
н޵ܣһָʮ֮һ֮ݿȷʲôתۼͿȫָ֮£ħǱ˵ģ϶ħơ
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Ȼֻǵ򾳣ƾ壬Ѿ̥ǿʵһ֮ԣ
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ȻԴڵ˵΢ЩңԶҪǵģɱħ塣
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Ī˵̥ĽħһЩֲؾԴдڣ
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ҲЩΡħԽԽңҪǰĽȥҪɱһͷħ٣Ҳʱ䡣
Ҳû취ҲֻܼѰҡ
ѾٶңоϾħǲ©֮ʱʶҲ޴ӷֻۣ֡ͨһͷͷѰ١Ȼֻܷˡ
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ڴˣǱȻϳŮǵΪŮӡѩ
ĸѩ̬ݣòŵʡ˿̵ĸѩü΢ȻżǡֻڿƤ֪ĿѾԶʱ򣬲΢һüǣ΢ɢһЩ
ҲֻһЩˡ
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ĻҲ΢仯һ֮۵ҲֳһЩ֮ɫ
³˵ѾΪŭħŭħͨħ̫࣬չ黹еġǽϵĺķѴʱϵ˵أôҲһͷħȷЩ쳣
ش䣬ŵʱŭħĵἰŭħڣһҲܵǿֲҲ䣬һЩ֪ıҲһôΣڵϦҪȡһ򡭡ѩ˵еŨ


1057 ֲޣ
ἰ£˶ǳĬǵ鵱Уȴ¶ŨıɫޣżδãȻ
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ɴ˿̣˵У¶ãȻЩ޴롣
ݵĳĬ֮󣬻Ǹѩѹסеˣǰɡ㽫ȡֲ
Զһصͷ
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˵ѾŭħħѾŨɺɫۣ̫Զľ롣
ڴ˵أ˸Ķʶ򾳵ʶ̥˵ֱͬҹеһۡΪߣȻֶаմ̥ĽħȴҲʱ̽ʶͷųȥһ·СĽ
Ȼž޲˴꣬ҲһЩħû뵽ڼִĿĵصʱȴͻȻܵȿֲĲ
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һֱ־ߣڵһʱ򵽣ѹǱֿ򣬹ƾѹ㹻ȫѹпˣ
룬߿ڵͬʱϣðǿҹ⻪һͼ
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ѹסˣȴǾҵһ֮꣬ǰһ·Ĭ˿̣Ҳ̲סڡ
ʱ˷ǿߣѹ̥Ҳˣһ֮ǰ˵ģ𺳿ڡ
֮һƽͣȻص㣬ضȻޣȴ١˵ûС
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ŭħУȻôһô
鶼м𺳣䣬ŭħڵǿ߼ѡ뿪ŭħһ֪֮̽һҲû˼ŭħΪЩ壬ں̵ܶʱɱ˲Ⱥ
ҲҶŭħʮ֮һ˴ĵǿߡֻ²ȺѾЩռˡ
ǿߣ겢δ뿪ôºŽģ
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ԣһŭħ֮Ҫģֻˣû̥ǿߡʵΪκһ̥ԣǼҪġǲ뿪뿪͵ͬǸ˻ᡣ
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ȴɡȴõķϾԷҲûʲô϶ֻҪöԷ֪ؾԷҲΪǡѩ֮󣬵˵
Ļ˶һ㶣ȴҲòϣõĽ취
ʲôطߣᾪԷˣԲӦ䡣ԷӦ䡣ȻǸá
ǣֻܵȴ

Ļĵȴʱǲǧ֮ĵطݻջָԺ֣ûֻһ⣬ȫµ֮ϣһͷħѾ䡣
ݲδϿʼգ̧ͷһȥǸ֮ء
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ૡ
Ϊʶ޷ѰҵħֻۿԿ֮ǰݲûнʶſղħһսͬʱȴܵԶߵ֣ʶҲ˲ɨ˹ȥ


1058 ѩ
û뵽һɨ֮£ȴǲһЩϤ겨һ˼Ѿ˭ˡ
ǿǿ󣬼ҲǷͬСɡֻҪһ棬˼ɻ
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ڸѩݲû̵̫ӡΨһӡҲһΪŮӡò֮ȻҲ˿֮⣬
û뵽Լŭħʮ꣬յһĿ㡰ˡ֮ˣȻ
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ղʩչǸܵԼߵĲ˰ɡ
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Ҳã⸵ѩڲȺס֪꣬һЩؾڡŭħطѰҽħѾԽԽѣҪɱһͷҪʱ仹ǲ̡ܹҵһǿһЩؾĻӦúܿͿˡ
Ѿɱʮͷħ˺ʱֻͷɼѰԽѡʮͷſɽѪе۷塣ŭħͨѰңʱ
ѾԽǿᣬﵽ̥ǿߵ
ƾ壬ܽħһѾûж⡣ؾĽħҲаӦԡ
뵽˵أٲɣһ֣ϵĽħʬ壬ʱʧһ粽̤֮С

̤յʱǧ֮ˣڼ尾еȴšǲ֪ҪԵĻʲô
һôʱɱħĴڣȴǰûκѵĿܵġ
ֶοѽħ׷ɱǿ׼˽ħûǣֻбһ㡣̥ǿߣǵֶΣκá
Ψһϣģޡ֪ķһ㣬һõɮΪЩС
̥ǿߣҲС
ǽȴʱļȻǰԶľ룬һȻ֡æ̧ͷȴһռͻȻ飬¶գ漴һӰԵп˳
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Ҳֻһ֮ݾ֪֮ǰħսЩԼΪˡ
δ˵ʲôϸ˵ڵʵԶԶЩͨĵǿߡԸ⣬ǰתۿɱ
뵽Ҳ⣬ǽĿǴͷĸѩϣЦŵѩӣһʮ꣬ȴǲʶô
˶ȴݵĻӦȻݵЦԼл֮ȴʱסˡ
Ǹѩ¶֮ɫæ̧ͷ
гֵģһ£һºЦݣɢŵĽ⣬ݿ׵ꡣ
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ݼѩȻϳԼʱЦŵ˵ͷǺǣӸӻǵĳһʮ꣬ӿɻã
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ݵĻش𣬸ѩȴǵһԲ۾
ݣǵáϣ齫֮ݣѩڵʱʵû̵̫ӡ˵ǡˡʵҲֻ˼һѡ
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ϼһǧ̥ǿǺáٺǴ˵õĳϹŵȫͳʱʧĿռ
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ʱټ·ֹѰˣȴûͣµ˼ҡ
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ѩ𺳵Ŀݡ
УʱȻֻƽ΢Цվԭأȴһַ·ʱܻһصĴϢԲȻΧһ˿˿ڲͣ𡭡ǿ󵽼²Żᷢ顣
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1059 Ĵ
ҪֵҲҪһؽƷƷķпܡ
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Լ֮ʱԶԼżΪǿҵη塣Ҳţ֮ǰܵԼħս֮ҲӦûǼҲԼĶ֡
һ˵Լƺ֪ǵĿģʱͱöԼ⡣鵱лη壬Уȴǳ˾·ΪػĳϧԼ
ʲôǱ˼
ԭؾȤݣ˼¡
գһ۾Цôѩӣʲô˼
˼£ȴҲͲٿڽͣЦӯӯĿŸѩ
߸򾳣ԣ㲻ʲôԸ⣬һƾܽȻݲûдôֻЩЩ򾳶ϧҪõĶʲô
֪޵ΪλѾֻ֣Ҳ޷޵ѿ⡣£ΪΪͬԲΪıΪȺѩλΣ
˿̵ĸѩû˸ղŵңгһžҲȫĶݣ俪ڡ
Ҳ֪ǲݵĴ˵仰֮У¶˼Ŀݡ·ǲм֮һ㡣
˵ĻȴȫһЩͷԡ
ΪΪͬΪıΪȺ
ʲô߰ģһؾѣôֳȺȥˣ
һȻ̲סüѩӣĻĳе㲻
㲻ߣ
֣ѩȴӵһ֮ȴмԡ
˿Ѿ϶ݱȻΪһ֮˽ȫȺΣ֮ˡ
ˣ⼸굱У˲֪١ѩҲ֪˶١
ǸνȺΣΪ໥ڶѱ࣬뵽ӪСһУҲֻ嵱˳ŵǺô
̰ͽκһ壬м֮ΪģΪٸΣ
ĻȴݸüͷĿ˸
˴ʱѾֲˡ
ֻΪһؾѩ˵ЩҲĳЩ
ΪΪͬΪıȺ
ݵתüͷȻƬ֮ͽȻһ⣬ԺȻһѩͻȻڡ
֮ǰиӦŭħпֲʱĳһУһ̽ȴ޷ѩӣ֪ĳ⵱СǷʲô£
йص겨һֱϡԨ뵰ΧУȻԸܵĲֲԶ
һǰ֮ŭħûʲô̫ı仯һҪȽѪеҲûеһʱ뿪һ̽ŭħûʲô仯Ҳʲô¡뿪ŭħ֮һбҲ֪ˣα̫ż
һϾһꡣ
һֲ꣬κˣһ˼Ѱҽħ֮ϣȻκϢûеõ
Ȼڴ˿̣˸ѩĻ֮Уȴӿֳ˼ΪǿҵĲõԤУһ㣬뵽˵ǿֲĲ·ʲô飬ˡ
Ȼݵ⻰ȴʢŭеĸѩ΢΢һ㶣ȴЦ˳᲻֪
ĵ˵ͷ
Ҳšԣ˵֮ڣһֱŭħˣѩݡ
ٶȵ˵ͷ
Ǿˡһֱŭħ֪ҵǰĿ꣬ĳһؾ˵뿪ŭħ㵽λ᲻֪귢ʲô£ߣݣһףҾؾ֮أҪսսŪңܺô
ѩȴŭ˵гžɱȴ϶ŪݵĳƺѾǡ޵ѡֱ


1060 ħ
ⲢѲ²⣬ˣǵ򾳴ڣ˵أȴŭħ˵ħǽħһͷǶҲôӦԡ
򾳣ðΣյأ˵й䣿ĳšĳĿģȷֻҪһؾڣɲһڣ䣬˵ĳѯʣᣬΨһԭ򣬾ֻǵĿġҲĳһؾ
ԸѩķŭȴûжƽĽԼĲ²˵˳
ѩȴһüͷƺ˼
ȻƬ֮ȴȻķ֣ƺȷˡݵķ˭Բ²ĳǵĿġ
ôԼˣ
ѩЩ㶡
ҲĿĺڣҲҪõľʲôֻ֪ݵһƬ࣬Ÿѩǰʲô
ѩһŭ֮ԣûа취⣬򾳵ı֣еĲУȴԽǿ
ݵĻøѩعݣ˸ųɡĬƬ֮վһĵ˵Ǽ٣Ҳ޴ӷֱ档ҿԻش㡭
˵һӸֳ˼ֿɬ֮ǰ֮գϹŸա塭ˡ
䣡
·һݵ֮УݴԺһƬհסˣ˲ԭء
塭٣
૵Ŀڡ
ôᡭôᡭ١١
ŵţԺһƬհס
Щ֪弴ٵ飬Ǿһ죬Ȼû뵽ֻһŭħ̽գһαĵ飬ôˣ
壬٣
ĽգȻѾ꣡
̫̫û׼ã˵һ׼ûУ
ôˣô٣
īƽ㡭̡ʦ𡭡
һִͷŭǣš׵ĺȻһ˲䣬һһֱͷһ˿ľһͻȻҲǱ˲䣬ݵĴԡ
һ̣ݵ۾˲ͨ
䣡
һֲޱȵĲ۾ͨһ˲䣬Ȼ
Ⲩ̫ͻأҲֲ̫ѹɨ˷˲䣬ѹȥ
򣡡
ɫ˲԰ףȻعߣһٻԼ򡣶ˣҲ˲䣬Ӧ
ߵ򣬼䲻ݷ֮䣬ٻ˳ֵͬʱֲѹȻϮ
ۣۣۣ
߿Ѫ˿дΣ˲䱻˳ȥֱǧ֮⣡
ⲻܣ
ڿֲУ˵򣬺Ȼ˸𲻶һƣ֮ϡ˵飬˲ޱȿֻţݵĿ⣬ȫˡǲڿһˣڿһħ
޵ѣ
ѩҲѪ˳ȥȫû뵽Ϣɵ𺳣Ȼﵽ̶ֳȣ
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ΪҪѹʱǷ·Ѿһʶ״̬ݣͻȻ³һԣһ̤գ̼䣬ʧ
ֲ뿪һ̣̼䣬Ρ
Ȼ˵ɫȴԽ԰ȴ˸µѪԼŨŨĿ־塭
ǲһ˲ǣܵ

ˣ־
һϢ֮⣬յУ˫ͨݣ̤˳˫ĿһƬ죬·ѾҪʧȥʶ
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һݡ˫Ŀһ𣬸ܵԼ쳣
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ᣡ
һ֣̼䣬Ժ󡣷⣬˲ɢյУһƬ
ӡһԺе̼䣬ĥȥ
һ˿ľݵС
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ૡ֮ܵǰһС
ˣЩΪңܵѹ̫ˡһЩͳ
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Щһ˼ξʱķӡڵ壬ܵѹȴǸûע⵽֪֮䣬٣Ȼһħݷĵס
ħʣڲʱ򣬸ǺȻżҲ֣ᷢħ١ĸֵʱͷһ˿ľ֮УȴҲû⵽ֻͨĵǡ
ȴû뵽ֵǣ֮ѹ֮£ħ
ħؼʱ̣޴ӷ֡еĵ㾳磬ᣬմ˿ͿϹһ㿴Сڣֻǵһ㾳硣޴ӷ֡
գѩĻγǿ𺳡ټнһУʹħ˿ɳ֮Ȼ֮£ݴһƬҡ
ǷҪͷݣֻ´˺ݵľΪµħҲǿᡣ
ֲǣһУݶֻԼʧء
ֱĳһգħ㹻ǿ֮󣬾ͻĶݡݽһͷֻٿصĿܣ
ͷֳһ˿˫ɷգ˷ԺһƬ֣ڶݵĵ֮վָһƬƽ
зӰݣȴ˳õļ֮С

һеķ˵ܳʵ򣬲һ˲顭ݵ֪֮ǰ飬Ȼ㶣Ȼ漴̤գʧһУʮϢʱ䡣
ȻʮϢʱ֮Уѩˣȴ·߹һһֻء
ֲĲʧˣܹ֮ܵ⣬ǿֲķٶȴ
ǴǸףŴֲ
ݡʲôˣΪΣΪλֲŮӵɫһƬ԰ףڸղһ̣ΪԼҪȥҪ顣
Ļ˶ǻһ˵Ŀ⣬˸ѩ
ѩɫһƬ԰ף֮ϣҲһ˿ľݣһ֮ϴζԷֻΪˣûйӴһΣĵһΡ
Ҳû뵽ݣȻ̶ֲֳȡʶƱͲǵȫ
һ̥޷飡
ѩ
ߣѩ
ѩһվ΢΢ͷʮǰڲȺķзǸݡ
ݴ߳ʱǶѾЩ²⣬վֻǲ²⡣񣬸ѩȷ˿²⣬ˣһ
Ǵ˵Ǹֻ꣬˵򾳵ݣ˵ֻǵ𣿿ս̥ͨҪǿѵѵߵૡ˵Уֳ˼ֲš


1061 նħ
ˣȫ㶵Ŀǿֲķķ
ݵΪǿҵ𺳡𺳣֮ٲϵ̥ǵģҪǿҵĶ࣡
̫ΪϵĴоˣૣŴֲķ㶡
˸ղһ˲Ƕݵľ޴֪࣬ϿؾˣȴҲûٸҶදʲô˼
һʱ䣬㶼Ĭ
ڡǸô죿ڳĬ֮ģӣȴǿڴ˳Ĭ
Ļ˶һʱ䣬֮У¶ԥ֮ɫ
Զ֮󣬱֮λã󣬾һֱһٲֻǿֲķʱ̴˵û뿪һ£ȴ˶Щˡ
ȴԷ뿪ǰؾ
ѩϣҲ¶֮ɫ
ڣȻѾЩ֮ǰԣؾеϵʵ̫ش󡣶ݵΪԶԶǿԿĳ̶ȡʱؾһ̰һˣû˿İ취
ô͵ȵ뿪ô
˭֪ʲôʱ뿪ʱз֪Է֮⡣û˷˭֪Ķǵʶܲ̽ĵ˿ؾ֮ĵȴָΣ
ѩͷתƬ֮һҧ˾
ΪУٶҲáûʱڴ˵ʲôèèϷΨһܹġҲݣΪһ֮˽Ⱥ֮˰ɡ
뵽ѩĿз⣬ڵȥؾ
ôȥˣҪҲǡһŮһæڡ
취ѩŤͷ
ŮӴһ£ȴǿЦҡͷûа취
ҲֻݲˡѩŤͷһһ󲨶֮أվһٶԣһǰХȥ
һۣվҲٶ˵ʲôҲŤͷһݵķ򣬶ȥ
֪ڵǣûʲôѡȨġ
ܿģǧľһζͷڴ½֮ϣһƬɽ
ɽŴӿȥɽ͵֡ŭħĴ֮ϣûֲеģֻǳѪζĺɫɽʯȥżѹ֡
ѩڿٶȡǹƤϸ˿ֳ֮·աƬ֮۾һһɽȡ
ɽ϶еɽȣ¿ȥûκεĲ֮ͬϸ۲Ļȴܹ֣ɽһ࣬һɫС
ɫ޹⣬ûɽӰϸѰңѷ֡
ѩŤͷһȻзһķվһҧڵߣ
أѩȳ˽ȥ
һ֮Ҳ˿
ڣҲû취ˡ
һڸѩ󣬳ɫȥ
û֮󣬱ʧӰ١

ʱ䣬ôȻ˹ȥ
һֱڿУգĿš
һţա
һֱ֮ĳһգƽ֮ϣͽȻֳһ˿ڹ⡣Ǻڹ⸡ֵ˲䣬·ݵı飬һ˲һ˿ҲһվڹŶͷγɺߡߣðͷ
ðͷһ˲ԺķУЩĿķӾ㶼Ȼ۾˲䣬˺
УһĲҽСգɢ֮䡣
Ȼ󣬱Ŀյݣվ۾˿̣ѾһƬƽ
̧ͷ˺ɢһĻƤ΢ջſӡԺ˲ޣգɢӰ١
һƺЩѹͷħ
ħݷѾãݵ֪֮󣬱ȻȻڴ󻪹ʱ򣬱Ѿ
˿ûв֮˹ɳȺһ·ΪľͬҲħͬҲڲ֪׳
ΪԽ࣬ݶ٣Խӡ֮һ壬ңڵĴУ˽˵Ĵ֮󣬶٣УѾﵽһּ˼ɵĵز
ʵϸһ£٣ȻѾûа취⣬ʲôԭҪ˿־壿
ݴӲη֮ˣһ·Σղ֪Σ̬ôǿҵηС
ηУʵϾħ
ֻݲûע⵽ˡ
ħҲΪƻڴ֮ǰһֱݼȴа֮ʱǴ˺ŭħ֮ڡħûг֡
ڵȴȴһı
֮ǰѩеϢôһ
ϢģǹͷĽǡħΪǺûᣬȻ
ûзѣڲ֮ͬҲȻȻ侲侲֮ҲʶԼڴħ˺ݵƿ½һС£пŭ
⣬ħĿġ
ħһΪ׳ԴԽΪңǿԽкô󣬿Դﵽٿؼĳ̶ȡ
ãһʱʶħĴڡʱ䣬ʹ־ħն
ݷ˽ħҪնҲô׵ġҺ޳оžħʱ޿̲빴ݵʼռءҡĹΪһģգħ޿ɶΣն
նħ֮ڸܵһǰδеɡ٣УҲѾûʲôɵ֮
Ϣأ٣Ҫصĸǰ׵飿Ҳеǰֲ
뷨Ҳȷ뷨
ڴ֮ǰ뷨ǡ٣͵ĩգ
䣬˺ֹ
⣬ħɱ¡ô򵥵ĵ벻͸
ˣԲ𡭡
ٶȵͳҲ֪ħĲŷָϵĹϵ
ȴҡҡͷ޹أԼľ϶ħпɳ֮
ȴΪ
ȻйأҪģԼз϶Ǹʱѣľ̫ͣǸʱħ룬һֱݷڡ⣬治ܹκˡ
ֻ˵ħݷ̫ãҲαװ̫á
УһĵĹ̵̡Уħֻ֡о֣Լӵǿ
ڡնħݶҲûһʼηСһǿ
ԳĬ֮ųһˣôһô죿
ݳĬãվ̧ͷԶա
ش󻪡


1062 ״
ش󻪣
Ƭ̣ҲĬ
Ҳ֪飬֮ǰݽħҲȻҲûжʶ˵ȻݵľȻĽܣ֧֡
ݿգĿ·Խ˿ռ䣬ãջĿ⣬ȭͷ΢΢š
ƼȻħն𣬵ⲢʾͲżˣڴ󻪹Сش䣬Щˣֿɰã
Ժ֮˵һһǰԽӵļ١
ڴʱһĿ⣬һȥƬ֮üͷ
Ŀ֮֮һؾڡʱӰӵǱĵ˳ǸѩԼһŮӣ
ʱ˶ǱǴѪǵײײег
谭ħıΨиѩĻã˵ģѾ顣
еһ˲ѩһ֣ϵһ׹ֶʱԱ߶Ҳȫ˵УǱħʴ
ˣ˻΢һħ˫Ŀ˲䷺죬Ȼɱ
Ԫ壬ġѩæһ֣϶ҩ׸ˡ
ҧصһֽӹҩҲ̷£漴Ǵһ֮ɫĿתΪ
ãһ˿ɫħűǱƳ⡣漴˵ɫǱһƬ԰ףҲѸήȥ̺ķǼ
ǲŻ۾
ѩӣл̧ͷѩ
ѩҡҡͷ󣬳пȥ粻ˣҲͶȥĿ⣬ɫѿСġŮӣиǴżľ
˽룬ֻ˳˵ؾѾһΣȫɨΪΣΪλôħɫŲ԰ס
ɫͬУĬѩҲɫѿĶУã૵䣬Ȼ˲֪ı
ߣŭħͬҲпֲѩһ·һֱڵĻ᲻ʲôĪȷˡ
ǽؾǵ䷢ֵģһᣬʱҲòϣҲ˵СеΣȴѾ߰˰ˣһΣֻǰ
û뵽սؾãǰһ֮ΣǵУȻĽħ
һɱУˣ֮յͷӳǴؾ
ؾһ㰲ȫƽ
ǲı֮ؾΪնǵΪȥȥҲѡô죿ɫ԰׵˵
ĻԱߵߺ͸ѩǳĬС
֮󣬸ѩһҧҲû취
ʲô취ߺĶæ
ѩϣȴ¶˸֮ɫ
ߺֻ΢΢һ֮󣬶ʱع
㣬ݳ֣
ɫĿڡ
ѩĬεĻͷ
ɣɫ԰ס
ݣǴĵĿ־塣֮ǰֻǶԷһͲѹĵ˵ʵִڴĽ
󣬴ģֻĹЧǴŲȺΣݣô߳ĬƬ֮ȴ˵
֮ǰӴҲп˵֪˵ѡ鵽һزǸѡ񡣸οѩ˵̧ͷ¶һ˿ɬȻ˵Ҳˡ
ĺ߶һ㶣¶󣬲֪ѩָߣȴǳĬ
ΧһƬƽȴûκ쳣ڡ
ңԶݣüͷ΢΢ĬƬ֮վ΢΢̧һ̤ա
Ϣ֮󡣸ѩ˵ĸǰһƬ飬һӰӵ˳
ݣ
һʱӵ¶ţٴС
ߺ͸ѩȴû̫鲨
ѩ鸴ӵĿŴ߳ĳĬݣЦ޵ѡղŵĻӦҲ˰ɣ
ݵĴڣѩ޴жϡֻһ²⡭²ݲδ̫Զң뿪еʱ򣬾Ѿǡ
Ͼղ˲ġ֮ǿֻҪʶΧ֮ڣһ㲨ԾԷˡ
ݵĳ֣֤ʵĲ²⡣ɫɬ۵ףȴһ˿Ρ
һȲѣҲ̫Ӵе֮¡
ݿһۡʱħԳľΪкܴƿأ֮֮ǰࡣ
ĿɨˣǱģ֮ſѩҾ
ֱ⡣
ѩĬƬ֮վһ̾渵
֪Ⱥ˶仯
̫ͻأȺûа׼Զ֮󣬱壬ԺɱֱָȺ
ִӦսʧءڼ̵ʱȺ󲿷ֵĵݡ
ڲŭħڣŴĵǿߡȻҲ⵽Ϯڲȴ顣
ȻҲӦ˹ʱֳ֮֯֯Ĳˡ
û֯ʱǿ߸Ϊսսʹ಻˵ûжЧһ֯ھݵĻ֮ҲЧķǰ屻ɱ˸仨ˮǱȥ
˺ǲǿߣǰܱߵ򡭡վ̫࣬ǿߣǲ١˴֮£Ҳֻ˲ȺԵġ͡ˡԶȥȴΪֲ㣬
棬ʹ˽֡
ɾǰʮͷ̥壬ͻȻϮԷս̫ǿͻȻϮ˲ҡ֪Ϣȴû뵽⵽ںķһΣԷȻһԴ壡
ҲǱԴڣڱԴҲǿȻǱԴˣǸǶʮͷ̥Ҳˡ֮£Ҳܵ˼ΪصĴˡҪǡ
Ƿ壬ӵмΪǿҵľ綾ͨȺǶˡοǱԴĶΪҲ޷
֮꣬ǰҲǲΪԴĸزȺ嵱УͬҲбԴޡֻռʱټԴȻ񣬿Ҳǡʹþõ˿ƣȶ
һǰΪѣǶѾнܿƵܽǶֻ¡
ѩ˵ţ˵΢΢һ£ۿҲ΢΢Щ죺£彫һʱӦȱʧһԴսȻٵȴȥʱֻȺҪΪ԰


1063 ƽ
̧ͷݣؾΨһϣһ⣬ǵ䷢ֵģֻΪ̫ᣬʱҲ֮ϣҲһֱ˴˵ءܵõ˵ͿԳϵĶءҲǰԭ򡣡
˸ѩĻݵüͷȴ
û뵽ʱ䣬ȺȻѾΪѵֵز
Ⱥʮ찡񣬾Ȼ˾⵱У֮ءɳȺ
뵽УҲԹɳȺĹˣһ˿ǡ
֮⣬ݸľǶ
ԴѾɱԴٽһɿٻ磬ǺεǿĴڣ񣬾Ȼж˺ִڣǶָǺεȿֲ
ŵǡǰؾУȻпԽǶ⣿
ⶾǵ֮⣬Ҳǵе⣡Ȼˡ
Ϊβɼ̥ǿ߹ǹ¶ɻ
ѩʱЦж֮ͣƺڵȴʲô֮ǰҲǲ̥ǿߣԼ˽ŭħҪȥǣȻһֱڼŵϵһ̥ǿߣ϶Ե򷢶̥ǿߣսУȴԿԶһǿսôһսӦԲ֮£ҲֻæٻءһٻأȥأѾѾΡ˶Ѿֶ֪ΣҪ
ȴˣô֪ŭħпԽⶾ֮
ѩɫһ䣬һƬ࣬ҧгݵΪڼ顭
ڼ飿ݵĿ⣬˲ʵ
ھù֮£ԼҲأӲƴ²Ⱥ㿪ʼıԣջΪЧУвٵĵǿѱ䡣ϢǴЩ߿дȥġ˵ѩиֳɱɼҲǺ޼Щߡ
̥ǿߣû˱ѣ򡭡ѩһɬ
̥ǿߣɷͬһ㣬ÿһ𣬶սԼڡ
ֻҪκһ̥ǿ߱ѣȺΣڵϦ
֮˼Ƭ֮Ҳ׹ڲȺһǳŹֵľʱڡ岻ڵȴõʱ壬ȻӲҶ
壬ϾǴƵġ
˵ϣͱҪࡣͨ˵ΪԶԶƽߡ
ڱԴ̥ս˫ҺϾҲҪǵķ˵ġ̥ǿû¾ϳһȦ¾ܡҲܲ
壬ͬҲˡ
ֻڻͻڣ˵ж¡ȵϵ𣬵ȴȲ𡣿ǡǡеĶĵߡĶȫ
仰˵ҪﵽѪеɱһԴǿߵĿġ
ӣȺܱߵͲȺӦǼΪ൱ģ򣬲ȴȥݰš
ıܿ͸Ҳܿ͸ʲô취ܲ˵ɱȥ൱֮£Ҳ㡣߲սƴ֮еͲսֱӿ˦弸֮⡣
ˣҲɱ˼ͷްˣȻȺҪС
ʵûʯٵĵҲҲԸƽʧٻЩ⣬򡭡
˵أҲܵ˼Ρ
̥ǲܶģΨһܶģҲǵ򾳼ˡǿڱԴ̥ǿߵսУҲﲻʲôæȻǽŭħȡõİ취
̵ʱݾƲ˼¿ѩ˵˵ؾɡ
ѩһͷ뿪֮ǰ˵һؾڲûжΣΨһҪעģҲЩԵǿȻҲ˺˺ءСһЩǿȫ˵ġֻû뵽
˵ѩϸֳһ˿ɬû뵽֮ʱĲƺһЩ֪ıؾΪٵĽħ
ݵ΢΢һ۵ж٣
岻֪ǰһʱ䣬ͷһûκΣɵڶգ˽ħ٣ͷ֮ǰͬ飬Ҳˡ˵ѩҲмΡ
Ƕз̫¡࣬Ҳʧһ߷ˡεģûа취ĻȺΣڵϦ
˸ѩ⻰ݵ۾ȴһ
ոͷħɼؾеĽħ»ǲ١
ȻѾҪ̷ش󻪣Ѫû۷壬ҲЩвʡʹ뿪ǾͲ֪Ҫȵʲôʱпܻص˵ˡ
ɷ˵ʱԽǿȵ̥̥ǵʱ򣬵õĺôҲԽ࣬塣
֮ǻҪȥ̽յġϾͼ֮עĶʵ̫档ЩǲƲһ㣿
ԽǿҲԽ㡣ѪȻɷС
ؾдĽħԸѩ˵š˵ȴһϢսͬʱӦԼͷħаյġ
Ѫǵ͵սսȵյѪԽԽ࣬ԽԽǿΣȻҲԽԽˡ
뵽˵أٲɣ΢΢ͷҴȥȡ
ѩ˵۾ʱ΢΢һڳһ֮ЩСĵ֪ǰΪؾڵĽħʵСһ϶Ҫ࡭Ͼ̥ǰ㡭аô
Ƕ֪𲻹ʱ䣬п䲻̫󣬲ǲȸѩ֮ǰѾʶݡԴ˿̣ҲҳƺΪ޵ѡֱ̬ŵĺܵͣڳơǰ
Կһۣƽ˵ҼȻӦȻͻỤȫұһ˽룬ֻҲģԵ¸ںˡģԲġ
˵ĺƽ򣬵еţȴ˶ͷһĸεڨЦһĬˡ
ˣ޵ˡ֮ǰǵĽӴ죬ɸѩ˿Ҳû취ֻÿЦ˵
ݵ˵ͷ߰ɡ˵ֱ꣬ӳȥһ̤С
һۣȴҲֻܿ첽ϣ̤С
ڼ̤в֮һɫ⻪ԶƿնɼɽϿ֮ͻȻͣ
ɢȥ¶ģͷһ·Ԩ߳İɫСޡ
˿ⰵСޣһʱ䣬·һЩ仯ƺСһȦϵëȴԽй⻪ڿͣ£һ˫۾Ŀ·΢΢ʶһ±ͷվһͷȥʧ



1064 ȭ
̤У䡣еңоǿռ书Կռ֮ΪϤʶִԽռʶģ
Ծ̤һţǰľ£̱òһ
һƬߵĴ½ŭħͨȻͬ˵ŭħħؾУͲڡ
ߴ֮ϣдеĹľïܡΪͬģա
ؾеգһƬڡŨգԼȵѹ֮С⵱УĿֲͬ꣬ңԶ˸ݡ׻֮ڶ
𣡡
ݽһϸ۲ؾ£һ߲Զƽ̧ͷһͷɴСĽħǳС
˺
ħһݣ˻䣬Ѿֱӳݳ˹ɴСӴ˺գͬƿһ˺ص֮䣬Ѿһצץ˹
ɫ糣ԽħϮȴԵ˿⣬Ҳתʲôֻһ̧֣΢һ˿ѪɫԶȽħҪСƣ˽ħӻצ֮ϡ
䣡
֮Ȼص
ħ˺ѿռһצ赭дУֱסزԳƵֺצײʱȻƣܣΪ֮𵴡
ȴһ¡·סħһצģһֱۣһɽܵȵ
ݵǣ¶һ˿Цݡ
ʮͷħɲǰյġ壬Ѿ൱ı̥ǿߡ
ǿȣҲǳʼԶԶħ
ħб춯ص˻˻֮䣬оâճȭһ
䣡
һ죬žģнħ˻ҽУݻ磬ȭͷ֮ϴѪɫ˽ħĲħҽУӴһȭ֮£ȻˣͬʱǱȭͷеۼףʱƬƬ顣
ħӴɨ˳ȥȴͣһ磬磬׷Ͻħɵ壬ڶȭȻӳ
䣡
һȭǴ϶£ʹýħʱӿ׹ۼ֮˲ѣѪ壬ǺȻ˵֮ϣγһ޴ӣһȦƣٶȵĻ
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ȭ
˷·һֲĶӣȭͷǶͷһȭ˽ħԴ֮ϡ
𣡣
ħĲҽҽֻһ˲֮󣬱Ȼֹ
䣡
춯أݵȭͷ˺գֻüҽһԴͺȻѣ壬˵ӵС
һݣ֮ϡ
·ħʬ壬ǣ΢Ц
ȭһͷ̥Ľħô£
ԶȥҪǿ̫̫ࡣ
ֱħʬȫֹ֮ŤͷгڵλáĿɿڴӰ㶵վԭء
ˣǸѩԼߡ
ݵһȭħȥһ̣̤ڡȻֱĿһĻ漴ˡ
ʲô
ȻλúܿнħĴڡϾ֮ǰǱһͷħһ·׷λõġ
ݽ̫죬ûü˵عǸϽ׷ҪСġ
ֻû뵽ģǽħݶŵĻ棬һȭħɳȥĻ桭
ǽħ
ħǿ̥ﰡ̥ǿģ尡ΪǴĸ©֮Զȵؽ׾ƷķǿȻҪӾ˵Ĵڰ
һȭͽɳȥ
ͷ׷ɱ죬ؽ׾Ʒ㽫ǶؾеĽħ
۾Բɣһݶɵǿ𺳣ǵ˼άͣ١
ֻǣҲ벻ǵһȭֻһʼѡ
˵ֲޱȣĽħݵǰֻһż
ȭ
ֻȭ
̥ĽħȻôӲģǰݣˣ
ڣΪ˽ֵĽ֮⣬ûüų
ڿЦ𣿣
˿ˣǶ֪ݺǿҲû뵽ȻȻôǿ
֮ϣħʧȥԴʬ廹ڹԵ΢΢鶯ѩ˵𺳳š
ݿһ֮󣬱Ҳ⣬ּ䣬ħ޴ʬ壬װԼĴڣſˡ
߰ɡ
һ飬ʱع󣬿ݵٶ˱仯
ѩд𺳣˿˿̽ϾҲǹˣֻڵɲ֪ôǿ
ģԭͶһ˿־壬ڣǿ־أֱݵĿӡ嶼̲סѩ·һ˿ȫС
ߣݵУ𺳵ͬʱǼɵҲˡ
ȭһͷħһ̥ǿߣġ
𺳹𺳣ݵĻ֮˻ǺܿѩǸ򡣡
ָһ
Ťͷһۣ΢΢ͷҲٶԣֱƿնȥ
һ֮æϡ
ݵһŭħؾ֮Уչˡ
ؾ֮Уͬһ
Ϻ֮ɫۡڵλòࡣԽȥҲԽࡣ
֣ûʲôɡݻǲҪֵʱʶжҲһЩӦ۲һˣƺҲһҪܵҲѡ
ݹû㣬һ֮ѾһЩжϡ
ԣֻ΢оһ˿ԡǵǿȣܹ΢һ¡˵ܲͨ͡ǿߣǱУҲҪˡ
ӵһؽƷķҲ㹻ڴ˼ݺˡ
֮⡭ؾΣǽħ
ؾУȻǴٵĽħǰһξ֮󣬾ͿʼƵĳ֡
ֻͨ򾳽Ǿٲά衣ϧݡ
ǰħǿˡ
һͷͷħݻɱȻװ봢ݵϣҲ״θֳЦݡ
ֽ࣬ؾеĽħɱյĻѪпܣܹĴﵽ۷ˣ
ʮ̥ǿᣬһǿ
ݲ֪ڴš
ʱһŹȥڣѩˣǿ͡ÿһͷħݶǼ򵥵ļȭУǶݵļɵҲԽ
תۼ䣬Ѿ֮


1065 ǲ
֮ݵˣѾ뵽ؾ
ԽһƬ׺ǰһξ룬Ӧþ͵ˡѩһƤͷƬ̧֮ͷ˵
Ե˵ͷǰȥ
ĽħԱɱȻѾжʮͷЩħ˴
ϵĴǲ٣ռ˵ʮͷͷǧͷҲɡ
յʱȥ˶ݵı̬ҲԵЩϤˡҺͬô֮ҲݵƢԡȻ࣬ʵŹ֣͡ģҲ֮ǰǰ
ˣɻǲ̸˵У˵ģǹˡѩ
еƤؾĵͼڣؾڲһЩԼǱڡ
ǰԼĪǧ֮ĵطһƬ֮׺ۿɼĵطԶԶȥ飬ûһ˿϶
Ƕλã궼Ѿʮܼˡվп϶һƬ׺ȴһ˿϶ûС
ã̫ȻԵ򾳵ǿΣգֻҪؽƷͿɷҲغ¡
ѩ˵һ仰֮󣬽Ƥٶһ֣ʱһҷɴƾճ֡
ҴԼĪңһ¥һӨӨ⸡֣ȥΪ
һ۾Ϳһҵؽ׾Ʒı
ؽ׾ƷͬСɣֻбԴǿ߲ſƣҲ࣬ѩȻҲСɼΪ飬ѩ˵ȷ˳׼ֻؾͻȻִħֱ޷ԤϵģҲûа취
ɡ
ѩһΣϱŤͷݵ˵
ĺߵǴϣȴҡҡͷҾͲˡ
ѩһ£ǿֲҲǵ˵ͷݶԣȷҲòš
߰ɡ΢Ц˵һ֮αǳǰȥѩݱæϡ
ǧ룬գ۶ܿ죬һһ׺֮С
һ׺ݾ֪ԼղŵжϣЩʧˡȻط겢ˣ׺֮еĸоȴͬ
꣬Ͼһһ£дϢ֮׺֮ڣ֮ȴʱ޿̲ٺصһ㴭Ϣʱ䶼ûС
壬ڳ׺֮˲ȻеһЩʹ
Һøѩıǵؽ׾ƷǻؽƷ治֪ܲܳء
ŤͷһǱֻڱı֮ϣʱһĲƵѩɵı飬Ҳ֪ް
漴ݵ۾ȴЩпѪƶĴΪеڰ˲㣬Ǻżǻսһ꣬Ǳ˲֪Σżѹɡ֮ǰǳܹ֮׵һΣȴ׺һ¡
׺ϣ壬ȻްȻЩʹĸоָо˵ǵܣ˵ܡҲ֪ǲѪͺ˱Űʡ
Ѫ۷壬Ŀռ䡣Ѫѣ֮ҲͬСɡϧֻ֮ͨףʲôܵõһЩĶ죬˵׼ӵвءƺҲܵݵľȴЦſڵ
ԣȴһЦ
֮ڻÿ֮ʲôģҲ
ϵĹѾ࣬Ҿ󲿷ֶû͸ٵõʲôԣʵû̫
̰಻õĵݻǶġ
ģȽѪе۷壬ȻѰкͿռԼĵ򾡿ﵽޣӶ̤̥ɾԼĵһЩ֦ĩڣֻǵ׺
Ҳٶԣһ·ϸ֮ʱʱ̴̿ʹ֮Уϡ֮䣬Ȼоǿ˼֡
ݻЩġȻɽħĿ죬нվǺõġ
һƬ׺Ϊ嫣һʱ䣬ݵ˲Ŵ˳
׺ݵ嶼еһЩʹħȻҲ֮Σʹǿ϶ģԣһ죬һͷħû
׺֮ݵȴȻһ٣üǰȥ
ǰ磬ȻһƬܼ֪֡ΪʲôϡУܵһּΪֲĲ
ԶԶ̥Ŀֲ
ݵɫЩпǰƽʵȴżΪӿİ
һָоƺֻҪ̤УһƬأмΪֲĺ
ֺ壬Ҳ޷ܵģ
Դ֮
ૡ
ڵˡ
ʱѩż־ϲŤͷȻڱ֮еĸѩ
ֻѩƤǰ֣۾
ƺǸܵݵĿ⣬ѩŤͷ¶һЦݣ޵ƺоˣ
΢΢˵ͷֿһ֣̾һµֶΰɣ
ѩ˵ͷţϾǼѵãҲҵؾֲΣڵû̫ΣǱڴˣȻҲҪһЩֶػġ
˵ѩ¶һ˿Ǹ⣺Ǹ֮ǰδἰ¡ʵΪ
˵ѩû˵ȥֻϵ֮ɫȴһࡣ
ʧЦҡͷѩˣĳСǼ̶ֳȡ
֮£ѩ֮ǰû˵Ҳ˼Լȣûһ˿ϡ֮ǰ˫Ӵ֮󻹲ᣬǶԼҲ
Ǵ£ǱԴǿߣİΣ˵غȺİΣݻΪŭһЩʲô
ѩмĿһ֮վһֻһ̧֣ȴǽеǿƤֱӳǰ˳ȥ
ݵĿ⣬ʱƤ
ֻƤɵУٽľһ˲䣬ļȻһɿֲȻ
ƤǿҹԴ˰աǰһƬ磬ͻȻȻ𵴡·˾ҵµĴľɽ̮ռ䶼ƬƬ飬·綼Ȼһ㡣
Ҳֻһ⣬ݵĿСǹⲢǿңȴżΪֲĲⲨݶоǿҼɵ
ɽڣľʧռѣתһƤ·һֲУǰһƬ磬Ҫһ㡣
п֮ﶼѣ֮󡭡һĨİĹ⣬ΪΨһĿ
Ŀʱȥſİ֮УһСݡ
˲Ҷ߲࣬ͨڣ·źڹ⡭ַ·Ź·һ磬ǿ֮
ǲݡѩмݣҲ˸С


1066 Сޣ֣
ƤУӼҵתģǰǲݣʼ·ܿƣҪɡ

ڴʱһȴȻĿʱһǰǲݿȥ
ȴǰǲ֮ϵĺڹ⣬ļȻûȻԼγһһŭ
Ȼֻۡһۣ
һƷףǡ統ΪƵƷҩ굤Ѿǳǣҩ֮ⰵǲݲ֪Ҫǡ굤Ʒ׸߳ٱۣҲ
ٹүҪŭˣСǸϿҪȻĲүǣ
˻¶³Ļȴһ
֮ϵĸѩԼȻҲһ漴ͻع񣬸ѩ̾䣬ۣѾʱˡ
֮Ȼۣ͸˾ĺͯһ㡣ⰵǲݣ˵ĻȻѾ룬ɼӵѾһ졣
ݻǸѩˣûжֻվԭزƤУ˿ͣ١ǲ֮Уǿֲһ·Ҫɡ
ȻƤרȡⰵǲݵֶΡ

ǲ۴У֮ʣһԼǰǲݱ֮ϣһƬɫ֡ǹпֲ޴ǱԴ֮
֮£ǲݵ޲ϵĺɫԽȴһĳп
үˣүˣŹүɣүǺôү֪öҪõıڣ˲үүȥѰ
ƺǲǿֲжԼޱǿѲǰǲһʼ˻֮ļȻ˿ǡȻǿʼա
һŹ֣֮ϵˣҲһ
ⰵǲۣʵЩܲˡƣաת֮䣬Ȼûаǿ
үûƭǣģү˲֪꣬үÿռطү֪öö౦ڡ˲ү˲үүȥѰҲݣϽͨҪȻүҪˣ
ǲ۴м䣬ȴԽԽۿžҪսȥǲٶȸıǣɫ˻˳
ȻҪʱ䣬ݻоһ¡ⰵǲ¹زİΣȻݵһμӵнһۣ֮ȴҲûгֵ˼
ڰǲ۴УѾ˿ƤУۿţҪɡ
Ȼʱ򡭡ļȻһ㰵ͬһ磬ȻݵǰһǰǲݣʱʧԱߡ
ⰵٶ̫죬ݣҲһûعţݾȻһ䣬͵Ťͷһȥ
ƬƤ޵Ŀռ֮ڣ
ңԶ֮ڣһͷ
һֻɫͬСһСޣ֮ڣ·ȫƤӰ죬յСǲݣȴ˿С
ⲻܣ
˿̣ѩˣҲӾ֮лعҲ˲Զ֮еİСޡȴǾĵɴ۾ȫţ
Ǵ磬ǲؾ֮УԱԴ֮٣ΪΪػ갵ǲݣʹһƬգֻҪ룬ҪһԴ֮ĹʲôȻԽһƬԴ֮գ
ѩݴ䣬
ĺߣҲȫ仯ɴ۾һ˼顣
Դ֮簡˱ԴǿߵǲΪػĿ꣬ԿԴУ⡭ⰵСʲôΪʲôҲԴУ
𾪵Ŀ⵱УԶİСޣȴûг߿һĿԼǰİǲݡ
ʲôԲүʲô
ǲݻɫҲüΪѿŰСһ
ǰСȻðǲݵ˼ƫСԴĳʶűͷƬ֮۾ͻȻһͷһԼ͡ʳ
飬ʱðǲݱȻһʱҶ
ްɣްɣǲԲݵģ˲үү⣡öö⣡
ǲݵʱ¶֮ɫ˵
ɻӦġСͻȻſͣһڣͳŰǲҧ˹ȥ
ǲݶʱҽ˳һڣֱҧ˰ǲݵϣҧȥ
Ҫ
ǰǲݲҽ˳ѩı飬Ҳ˲ʧȥѪɫⰵǲݣ¹زȺΣôҪô
ʱͻȻԭڵİǲֳһƬɫС޵ݣʱҧ֮ϣʹ⻪ʢȴסһڡ
СԴһ£ƺΪʳ֮Ӳ³ǲݣϹ֮С޶ʱŭĴӺͷһͳĺСֻС޵̫СһУԸ鹷ȫơ
һĻþʧĸѩһ㶣󳤳һ
ҲˣǰǲϵĹһǽǲݣ롣һ棬Ҳγɱ
ǱԴǿߵıԴ֮Ӧá
ȻȫһͿǰСޣٶŴͣһΣһ˿İ⻪Ŀ
°ͣ
һڣҧ˰ǲϵĹ֮ϡ
ǹʱǿҵĹ⻪ҪסһڡȻʧˣ
ǰ⻪ǰȻֻžһ죬ʱ㣬ƬƬ顣
ڹһ˲䣬һԭûİɫߣȴͻȻ˳
һɫߣӰǲݵϣһֱӵƤ֮Ź飬һɫߣȻҲһѺۡ
žһ죬Ѻ۵˼£ȫѡ
һɫߵ飬ƤУҲ˲䣬ͣתһƬ磬ʼŤΣ·ҪɢУҲ֮䣬ٶȻƤֻƤ֮ϵĹ⣬ѾȫȻڣѣ
Ƥѵһ˲䣬ϣһ޴ĸۡĳһһ֮ϵĿ꣬Ȼ۾
У·̺ǿգһ˲·أһɲǵĶУ͸¶޾𾪡
˭
ŭŭءһ˲еǿߣоһɿֲ֮ѹɫ˲԰ףһȥ
ǲ˵ڣ
ǿһЯޱŭĿֲӰգۼ䣬ʧ֮䣬Ҳ֪ȥ
ͬʱ֮ڵһһߣȻ۾
ߵ۾ȻûͫףеģһƬâ
ûͫ׵۾һλá֮̾һ֮ϣֳЩء
ջĿ⣬ȴǿһ򡭡
ǸһƬĺ


1067 үı
ȻҪ˲үҲݣҲݣ
ȺһĻݵǲ֪ģֻܿлƤ漴飬ǰ磬ŤΣ·𼴽ɢ
ǰǲǷͬβ͵è
ǣֻһ˲֮ǰǲݵȻһ䣬һΣȴǱ˾ϲ
ףˣˣүү
ǲݻȸԾûĴ¶ޱȵľϲ
СǣүãĹǣ´ټүҪǣҶݣ
ǲݷ·˲ѪЦУֻϵĺâȻԭŤĿռ䣬ȻΪֹһѿһڵơȻĶÿռ֮
޵ѣ
һĻԭȫƤѶ˵ĸѩڻعɫ԰һƬ¶˽֮ɫڴ˳
ݵҲֳأС޳ֵ̫Ź֣ڴ֮ǰûв˿ۼⰵǲݾҪգݲ룬һҪ̤ա
̧Ҫ̤յһ˲䣬ǲݵİӶѾ֮ڡʱǰСͻȻһֻצһ̧ǰһʱѿһϲİǲеĴӣʱ¶˳
վͺñһڴǲݴӶڴˣڴȴʱ˸
һϲİǲݣû֮ϵ飬ʱһȻͿС촽Ķ
㣬㣬㣬ôҲռ֮ⲻӦãⲻӦã
ǲٴξ˳
˵ǲݣԶӶ΢΢һĿһҲû뵽ǰСޣȻҲÿռ֮
ռ֮ȻϹʱǱȽϺؾУȻȺô
ټݡǾ
һ࣬һһֲ
ݾ㵵ʱǰСȴѾצӽǲݸڣȫãѿͣ·ǿĵЦƺⰵǲżΪǿҵʳ
ҪҪޣ޲Բݣ޲Բݣǳģİ
Ťļʧ磬һһֲÿռ֮ڵУȻĽռȹûʧǰǲݻźڹ⣬ҪⰵСޣȴ޲
ⰵС̫ǿˣצӽǲڣ·ʲô֮ϣȫá
ۿŰСڴſͣҪŰǲҧȥ
ǲݷĲҽС
֪ܲˡȻҲЩɵⰵСޣǰǲݾôˣǶԲ˵һĻ¡
һ̤ݶաڰС޼ҧǲݵͬʱݳߡ
Ȼһ磬Ŀռ֮ȹסˡ
ͬʱһȭǰС޵Դȥ
ⰵСҲǼɵϾС̫͹Ź֣ʶ֣ȭͷ֮ϣŨѪ⣬Х䣬顣
һȭðСһ£ݵȭͷ֮죿ûиСһ㷴Ӧʱ䣬ͱһȭ˳ȥ
䣡
һ죬ƬƬ飬С޵ֱӵɳȥ
ݵɫҲһ䣬һȭ˰С޵Դϣȴ·˼ޱȵľʯ֮ϣ֮Ȼȭͷһ˿ĵʹ
ôܣ
Ҫ֪ȭͷ̥ĽħۼףܹѵģⰵСޣ
æȥ
һȭСû˿ҷ˽֮Զͣƺûж̫Ӱ죬ԺĻ˻ԴȻŭˣ̧ͷһôⶼ鹷ķŭû˿ȻҲûʲô֮
Уȴ¶ء
޹ȻͬСɣ
Ȼ͵ΪС޺ܿҪʱ򣬰С޽Ķȴȫͷˡ
СһʼǼΪŭ϶пֲˡ̧ͷģ֮ıȴһţ¶һȫȻ顭еķŭȥ¶ί飬ָо·𣬷·𡭡
Ȼգһ۾֪ǲǴⰵС޵·ڶһ㣿
ݴ͵У۽һǰСѾһ磬ĸǰͷһæ÷׼ɰСޣ·û˿˼ߣ̧ͷϣȻǰԴ£Ӷ񣬾޲͸¶ݵ׽
ô£
ˣԶĸѩģߵˣˡ
ʲôֲ£ԴҲȫӵİСޡ·׽˼£
㡭ʶңݿǰİСޣһ㵣գһ۾̲֮סԵѯʳ
Сͷ·ͨСһ³ͷֺõĿݣе·ǿһ㡣
һݸãȻˡȷԼǵһμⰵСޡΪΣȻԼֳ׽ģ
Ի
˶𾪵ʱǰǲݵĴ֮ϵ۾ȴǿתСޱһȭɳȥݱС޵׽ŪЩ㶣Ȼû
Сĵ㣬Сĵ㡭үҪˣ޲ǣ⣬ҪԲݣүһʶãСڡСģȲүӳ죬¾ˣү㣬㡭
ǲƬҶӵУһƬҶ΢΢һ£ʱһ˿ϸ΢գǳԱߡⰵǲݱ壬Ȼ¶һ˿ĸо̽
ˣˡˣ
ǲݴ֮ϵ˷֮ɫԽԽŨۿţҪա
һգǾ֮󵽴ȥĵˡǳ֮նԣļҡʱ򣬾ش󺣣߿գǡ
ǣǲݵĻ뻹ûʼȫĴӶҪյһ˲䣬һֻ֣ץס
һ˲һգȫק
ǲϵ˷ܶʱӲŤͷһȴԭ࣬ץסˡ
ССүҪ㣡Ҫ㣡
ǲȫˣҵĺڹ⣬Ȼ˲Ҫ̵
ڹ⵱УȻȻݶݵĿֲܡݵݶʱ΢䣬ѪȻһҪѹⰵǲݡ
һ̣ԭİСޣȴͻȻһŭһɿֲȻ٣˲䣬ѹǺڹ֮ϡ
ڹչ֮ƣգۼ㱻ѹǲݻû֮ϵı飬˴㶡Ƭ̣ȻǺ
Сޣ۸ү۸үб£б¡
˵ȴ˵ȥˡ


1068 
ѪѪ⵱УſֲܡȻС޲֣ڹҲȫκβݡ
˵֮ǰͽⰵǲʰķİСˡС޵ǹŹ֣Ҳֲ¡
ǲݱķ֡С޲֣κһҲ׵ѹ
ءү࣬ү࣡
ǲ۴ޣûĴһʱ侹Ȼͬһӣ޺ϡ
ŹֵһĻĪ˵ݣԶĸѩˣҲǿɵۡһʱ䣬Ȼ֪ηӦ
ݲаǲݵ۴ޣȴŤͷߵİСޡ
СдŭĶŰǲݣ·ǷŭͻȻݳ֡ݵĿ⿴֮еŭʱ޵Ļ죬ͷ׿
飬аֱ֮һҡβС
ɰȵģݣҲ̲סϲ֣̲סŰС޵Դ̽Եȥ
С˿ûжܣݵ֣׵ԴϡһƬůСޣ۾ﴫؽ·ݵĸ
˴ʱѾȫԶ϶ⰵСޣĶΪ׽
ֻΪλأ
Щ棬ȴҲ벻ԵҲֻҡҡͷ
̧ͷΧĿռѾȫŤȫƾⰵС޵һƬ޵Ŀռ֧ƬռӦʧˡ
ȳȥɡ
ݳ尵С˵ǰС޶ʱĵԴһ˿ռ֮⣬һЦŰǲݣҲһ̤
ǲȻੲݵİŭǲͣҪݵѳȻùѪ⣬ȫ֣Ҳ޲ɱһƬռ䡣
ݵ뿪һƬռȫʧǿռŤΣļȻһٶȳǰģһƬޡԭɭ֣գءһһжʧӰ١
޵ѡѩɳߣ۾ȴǿеİǲݡ
ҲһЦֱӽֵİǲݵݸ˸ѩ
ѩ۾ʱһæл
˵ֹ꣬ȥҪסǲݡ
ĸСҽүүҪ㣡ǲݲͣţ
ⰵǲҶ۴αȣû϶˵ҶϷȥͷ·һݳ˸ͷһ㣬ȥмֹŹ֡
ѩ֮ǰ˰ǲݵ죬ƺԼΪĸСʱЩЦã˫ץס
ڸѩӹ֮ȻȻľ֡ȫû뵽ݵ뿪һɲǣǲϵĺڹ⣬Ȼ
үҪɣүҪɣ
ڹ˸УһռѺۣʱ˰ǲݵߣӷŤҪѷꡣ
ѩʱһʱϹâȻһ˲ٻҪѹⰵǲݡ
ϧΪհǲҪ͵̫࣬ǵ֣ҲǺá
ֻǴһ˲漴һʱһӿֶܵĿռ䡣ͬʱ֣ٶץ˰ǲݵϡ
Ѫɫâ˲䱩ǣʱǲݷƣԼɢĺڹ⣬ҲȻѹ˻ȥ
Сү㲻죡죡һ죬ү㣡
ǲٶ۴˳еѪâ֮£ȴǰְ취ҲûСֻƿڴ
һĻһѩ
ѩҲһ죬ЩεĿݡ
޵ѡƤԽ˲ݵġƤ٣ҵΪ޷ѹ˲ݡţҪ鷳һˣֽ֮ˡ
üͷ΢һ£֮ҲǲСĳؾлһЩҪӳټճɺã
ѩһ£ȻæͷʾȻû⡭ҲûмеҪǲݵĵز
ǹʱ򣬾ͺķ˴ʱ䣬ȥҲķôʱ䡣Լʱ䣬ǵ
Ե˵ͷзİǲݣ֮ͻȻ͵һ
Сʲôү𣿣᲻ϵİǲݣʱƿڴ˳
ݵϣȴֳһ˿ɫĿŰǲݣԹһһǡȻݹǡ
вүүǱвôү顭үҴˣүҴˣС侲侲л˵л˵տʼⰵǲݻĽͣݵ͵һ֮ⰵǲݶʱҽһ
ٶ֮죬Ҳ޳ߡ
ݵĿ˰ǲһۣ֮ȴеѪ⡣
ѪʧǰǲԴһ˲󣬻ûĴʱתͣһʱҲԶһ˫۾Ķݡ
ݿⰵǲݵģҲЩΡһۻЩ⡣˵߼ɣ˵ĻָһԴ˵һ߼ǻҡ˵ͼɡһȴֶգװˡЩЩЦ
ŰǲݵģûзĴ㣬ƺ׼Żһֱੲݵڶˣ
ֲܽ봢Ҳǿռ䡣ⰵǲӵۣжÿռ֮索͵ͬǽֱӷ
˵Ĩۡݵȷ
ּĴڣۺû۵ҩЧмġݻⰵǲݾƾοԽе֮Ҳ
һⶾҪⰵǲݵǸأ
¹شݲ׳ԡ
˰֮¿ŤͷԱߵİС޵ǲݽ㸺ҪִܵĻÿһΣ׼һƬҶӡ
СԭһֱݶԼĶ֮Ĵ۾ʱͷǲݵУ¶ϲ֮ɫͷģǰͲðǲܡ
ǰǲݣǻļȻһţһٶ۴
СǲԵģүүʾ飡飡
ݶʱЩݣ鶼֪
ҲӸղſС޲ܺͷ˵ȫѹⰵǲݣаСްأȫԷġ
뵽̲סֿ򰵽СޡʵЩ벻ףΪⰵС޻׽ڡȻ֮䣬
ϳⰵСޣʲôô
ţȴѯʷ
֪ܸܵĵⰵС޲һ㣬мΪ޵ĲⲨֲһֱû˵ķڻڡ
һ㶣Ҳ΢΢˵ͷ
ղŶ̶̵ʱⰵС޵죬ѾǱֵ쾡ˡҪٹ͡
⡭ˣⰵǲǼΪѵõĿռ㡭Ĵôȴʵ


1069 Ŀ
΢Ĭһ˲ȴ˵ͷ
ⰵǲǼΪѵõĿռһ㣬ڵһۿǲݵʱݾ͸ܵˡܽⰵǲںԼĵ֮Уôڿռ֮һֵ򣬱Ȼż
ռУܸˡ֮ǲضᡣҿռѰǲҲǼ
ѩ֮ǰĻѾ˵ķƣмáȻҲ֪ԷôˡǲȺٵΣ֮һһϣݾ갵ǲݵ
ңڴˣңȱǶΪ˷ӡҵ˼ҪȴҲϺȡܲýڤڤ֮Ҳðġ
ݵͷҲٶ˵ʲôݵľֵ֧ġ
ˣһƽ
޵ѣ֪ؾڣʲô£
һˣѩҲһô˵ǲǵˡݣҲûоΪе˼Ƿ飬ѯʡ
һҪɱһЩħݶԴ˵ûʲôģֱ˵
ɱħȻЩѩϣԱߵĺߣǴһ¡
漴ҲҶ˵ʲôֻǵ˵ͷ
ݵսһˣ־Ϊжġ
ѩص֮ϣһˣٶ׺֮С
ʱΪ˽ʡʱ䣬ֱĿġʵؾ󣬳ȥһֱ·֮⣬иΪӴĿռ䡣⵱УȻӦûиĽħ
ݴѾ˶ʮͷħʬ壬һֱûաɱʮͷɴﵽĿꡣ
ʮ̥ǿȡʲô
аڴ
ļʱݿʼ˽һɱ
ؾеĽħȻǲ١ģĿԽԽ
һ·ϣѩʱ̸档ȥ֮⣬ֵһǰǲݺͰСޡ
һ·ϣǲݶڷȥੲݵŭţʾԼĿ顣Сһһȴ۾ϰǲһֻۡǲĸסСޣȻǶˡëȻ
ѩģ̵УȴΧڰС޵Աߴתдź棬ִžηС޵ĳ̫ޣֳսҲʵ˺Ȼ
ȻľģͷСޣݱֳޱǵ̬֮ǰݵȷݺݵⰵСһȭֻǶҪΪСԭݵĳ֮ˡ
ʱƣŰС޶ϣβҡڵģŮн¶ֻϲ֮ɫ֣̽ƺҲҪһⰵС޵Դ
ɾֹ̽ȥ˲䣬ԭһȵĻİСޣͻȻëͷʱһĺСŵæ֣һ԰ס
С´һģоȻ¶һ˿߰мԷûԼ˼תͷȥһݣʱһı飬ʵĶʱЦãԱЩҲĸѩҲֱӴͷ
֪ⰵС޿ϸһͬжȫǿݵϡ򡭡Сްģֻǿö࿴һۡ
СҲǻûǰǲݵĴ
ڰǲݣݶѾٿעˡȻֵףаСʱʱ̿Ա߻ЩʱգȴһܵĶ򶼲СıԵһƬҶӡ
һɾƬҶӣÿһƬ󡭡ȻҪǣҲ֪ԼӲⰵС޵׷̵ġ
ڣʮʱô˹ȥ
ݣҲɱ㹻Ľħ
ŵһͷħʬ壬ݵУ¶һ˿ڴ
ħʬ壬΢룬Ťͷ帵ѩ˵ҪչؼգؾΣС⼸û취ʱ̹עǡǿؾڴҡ
ݵĻøѩһ㶣⼸ݲͣɱħǴҲ²ħӦżΪҪáŴ֮󣬸ѩ΢˵ͷǾؾڵ㡣
ݵ˵ͷһ·ǻ͵˳ڡֿһۣС֮󣬱Ǵؾ뿪ˡ
ؾڣֻʣݣǲԼǰСޡ
С⼸ձչأǲݾͽˡˡС޵ԴЦŶ
СݸСȡ֡ëƤǰɫģݶȡҲʵЩܣɴͽСˡСƺҲ⣬ôƺ
ذأݵĽСлǱ˵ģҾˡӲˡһ̶ܵ˰ݵԱߣǰ˰һţȻĿݣ˵㿴ܡ
һ£ȴðݶʱŭˣүүңҡ
ݲȻŭ׼źݻȴС۾ʱ˹һͷݵһԽԽСɤ죬ȴҲٶ˵ʲô
ȻݿЦãҡҡͷٹתȴǷ˳ȥ
ԼĪɳ֮һ֣ʱһƬâ˸ݡһħʬ壬Դз˳
һͷħаɴСݵĴУʮͷħһųֱͬһɽ
ħ̥©ǿÿһ𣬶ӵпֲѪʮͷʬͬʱ֣ʱѪ죬һؾĿռ䶼Ƕ
·ħʬ壬ݳٲͣ٣ֻѪȻʢˣһ˲Ȼɢһž޴ޱȵѪŵϵħʬ壬ֶȥ
ʱأһƬѪɫС
ѪأγѪѪ֮ϲ·䶯Ѫ䡣
ݣʼɡ

ݵҲᣬһ߸ѩ˸ո뿪ؾѩ΢΢һ㶣һ֣ȴǶһơ
֮Ϲâ˸֮ʱΪֹһ㶣ʱʲôæͷһʱһ⻪ȻƵУʧ
ϣ¶˼ֵ֮ɫмΡ
Աߵĺ߶һĻʱһ㶣̲סʵ˭ôˣ
ѩŤͷЦ
գһ۾һ
ؾڣ޷Խͬռ乵ͨˡ֮ǰƤͼ飬ҷûеһʱȥ֪ͨԼӦһʱ֮£ʮ֮ǰŭħˡѩһΡ
Ķʱ쾪һЩ岻ʱʱ̶̿ڹעôܽŭħǡ
˵ɫʱΪ֮һ䣬¶˼ֻҡ
û£ʮˣиһ̥ʱҲܹơҸղѾˣǲݵ֣صǣزǾǡѩ¿˵


1070 ׽
һ£Щģˣǡ
Ӧû¡һֱĬŵߣڡ
Ԫ壿Ťͷߣһȡ
ƽѩԣ̶ʮգ巢ҲùǣɲԴСѩѾȥյϢһʱظϡʱҲȻˡ
ִһ£յ˵ͷ飬֮ǰ֮ڣѾˡ壬ȷҲ
˶˵ȻжûʲôˣжٻЩǡһֱֵƬ֮󣬸ѩһæƣüġƬ̣ʱȫ
ػˣϷزڵϵǡûˡѩ³˿
ĵģҲȫŻ˶
ȻŤͷУ鵱ЩпЩ档
˵ɱôħҪʲô
ѩһ㶣ѩûпڣڳĬƬ̺󻺻ʲôҲҵ¡̫ɲ⣬̽ܣǺ¡Ȳ֪ǾòҪ֪
һ㶣ŤͷߣƬ֮ĵ˵ͷǲٶ˵ʲô
ʱ䣬ôϢ˹ȥ
죬졭
ؾ֮ڣһƬѪѾڴ˵شա
Ѫ춯أ˵ӦûٵĽħ̽ڣʱ䣬ƽ˾ûнħһۡ
˵ؼΪؾһ㡭ʱɱ˲ٵĽħһ㡭һ㣬ΪѪڽħ
ŭħĽħû˿ǿԵġͬδҰޣֻбܣ˼˵ؾۼʮͷħʬټʩչѪĴ߻ѪѪν죡нħҿ
ǲ˼ɲ֪η塭ηǿͬ࣬Ұ޵ıܡ
ʵҲŭħ̫⣬磬ǿޣǻ˵ûǵޣǾۼһġԼĵ򻮷֣Խ׳أͿ֮
ͨҰ޶Һءοƽħȿֲڣ
⣬ҲݺѡؾͻƵԭ򡭡һɣ;ϡһ棬ҲΪ֪˭
ʱݻѪ״ֻ̬ѪɫѾ˺ܴı仯ڴ֮ǰѪɫڣѪ쵱УȻ͸һ˿⡣
Ѫһ㲨ݣڰ֮ϣССԼǰǲݣҲ졣
Сһɢеģ»ûһŰƣ޻ſڰ֮ϣʱʱͷԼǰצʱʱĴһĹǷƺЩħʬһҲעģȥ̬䡣
ԲԶǲȴƮƮȥûĴϣ˾ᡣ
ӲӣӲӣСڳ⣬϶ܲүȴǺ⣬ҪԲݣǺã
ڲӣѵǰѲүץߣүҪɣҪңү뱻ǳԵ
̫һץ϶ҪԵүһֻţ֫ʱ򣬲үǱ֫ˣ֫ү
ӲӣӲӣ
ǲһֹֻ˼άȥ⼸仰ȴǲ
֮ǰµĻȻ̡
ץסֱӳԵһƬҶӡ
ǲһŤվǶСһ˿־塭Сҧϰɫһ˲䣬ǰЩŻˡ
ʱա
Ǿ޴ͬɽһĽħ壬յʱ֮Ȼֻʣһ㣬Ѫվɢȥ
ʱѪɫѾȫ仯
һѪ֮ɫ
Ѫ˵ĸоһѪ죬ֲ֮СȻѪɫѪ˵ĸоȻһ˿ʥ࡭ͬʥ
𣬴ݻŹ
ŨѪҺȻҲһֹ֮Сûһ˿֮ǰѪ֮⣡
գѪеĽŨһ̶֮ļȻһֻƽŵѪɫѪ˲
Ƶ֮䣬һɿֲϢԵ˲ɢһʱСǰǲݵĹע
ԭһֱСڴ˿̶ɵվһ˫۾סѪ󡭡оѪ֮ǰĲͬ
ǲݣһ˲ֹͣƮûĴĶѪȥȻ䡣
СǿˣˣˣٲӣСȫѣүûлˣô죬ô죿
ʹţɾû취¶ġ
СͰǲݵĿ⵱УѪģͻȻ΢΢¡𡣽ţѪȻһĸ߶ȣԽԽߡ
һףףס
Ѫһƽڵϵľ޴󲼿飬ô˿ĵ㣬ͷ·˴м֧һӡ
ԽԽߣѪǴӱԵʼС
ѪĶռ䣬·΢΢ֲϢԽԽǿʢҲԽԽֲͬһ쫷磬Ȼϯ˷Բǧĵ
СͰǲݶڰ֮⣬û뿪Ȼš
¡֮ԽԽߣȥһѪɫȪɡɡ
ʱƣԽԽߣԽԽߡһֱﵽǧɣ
ͬһѪɫɽ壬Ȼһ֮ϡ
ֻǣѪɫɽ壬ȴɽʯɣǲͣӿĽɫѪҺ
ﵽǧ֮Ѫɫɽͣ󣬿ʼ½
˵½̫׼˵ǿʼ
ǧС˰ɣȻ߰ɣ֮ɡ
ѪСģеѪɫʼԽԽǽɫȴʼԽԽŨ
СʮɵʱѪɫѾȫˣȡ֮ģһµĽɫ
û꣬ɫɽ壬ڲͣССһֱף
׸ߵĽɫҺ壬һΡһƬ⵱УΨü֮䣬ʣһ˿Ѫɫ
Ҳһ̣ļȻأȻ𶯡ţ֮ϣļȻ仯
·һֲܣ˺գ¶˺Ѱޡ޵УһƬƣ֪ʱȻ£
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ݣ
ʱݣ֮ǰû̫Ĳ𡣺ڷ٣ݿֻȴѾȻͬ
ļȻ۾۵һ˲䣬أ·һһ⣬޾գޱߵؾ
һ⣬Ŀ죬ȥҲ졣ݻͷԼ֡
⣬Ѫ۷״̬𣿡ૡ漴ȴ·ӦʲôļȻ̧ͷ
ȴֻƬ˺յУһſֲ뵣Ѿɡһɫ⻪ϣ˸ݡԼ֮䣬Կһ˿ʰˮ
֮֮ͬŭء
׽٣ૡ


1071 򾳵׽
˿̵ݻϸȻһƬ𪵱Ун˸ֻüģһ㵭ѪɫѪɫݰļȴȥۣһȵϢ
ڣһܸܵĵǿﵽ˿ֲĳ̶ȡһ˿˿ޣ𲻶ϡ·壬һ̲졣
׿죬޵еľ£ȴǷϤ׽٣Ѿİ
֮סǵżһʰ羧֮ݵ΢΢һ¡
ռ񷣣ǿҵӡ֮ף֮ײһ֮ףȻռ񷣵߲ɫôǺ֮
ڿһ֮ȴһȴ¶һ˿΢Ц
ռôڵңѾǵҡҵҪȻռ񷣣ҺΣ
ɽ֮գֻһռ񷣣ȴõʱֶξķӡ𣬾ڷߣһ֮£ɢ
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ȴһȷ״˵ʵռ񷣻ࣿ
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׽٣Ǵз־֮´־׽١֮ϡ־ģͬ׽٣
˵ĻȻ죬վֻǾ֮֮ټϱϾвΪ谭˾󲿷ֵµֻǾסʼɣô˵Ҳ̥׽ٲ𡣵׽٣ֻԼһ߷ѣĿӴӵǣǻ𡣡
ȴǲͬ
Ѫ֮컯Ѫڵ򾳱ɴﵽ̥ʮǿȣ֮ɾ̥»ǿ֮޹أ־ǲġʶ٣Ǽ򵥵¼񷣾ͿԵġ
˿ɻǵõȫٻʹһĻʱͬ׽ٲȴ򣿾Ϊ˵ĵǴ֮ĸĳΡһɳһ硣
磬ͨ羳ؾǰ򵥣أأͬһ磬ȫͬȴֽȻͬĵڶʵ硣⣬ǾΪزݵġԴɣ޴ӵֵ־Ĩɱҵʱȥ򣬾ΪĿǰĵ򣬸׽ٵĺ
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˵ЩεϧҼȱ룬̫ǵõζȹ׽ٵˡҲû취һȷ˵
΢΢˵ͷе׽֮ƻɢģѾﵽ˰﷽Բڲͣš
ʵ˼£ị̄ǵһ˸ݣеΣ֮УԽŨ
һε׽٣㲻
ֻҪЩħʬ壬ҪﵽĿǰǿȡΣܲһֱĳڱı֮С˵ûֱУҲѡ
Է֮ǰûΪıʲôڣ֮󣬶ûаڳѾǾڣǵ򾳡ӵ˵ǳֻصĴڡأҲĹġȥ
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ȥﵽ̥ʮǿȣ͡һ̤̥ٳʱĥ壬ֱӿʼԴȥһֹһ߱𣬽ɢµѪҺҲûá
лڡΪٶִأвͬȴûһ˿񡣻仰˵һʧܣӹɳȺһ·ߵ̶ֳȵݣǳʧ
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ǲݣҲڴʱͣᣬû֮һ𾪣ૣ٣١Сôֲ١ҲݣҲݣүˬүˬүҪˣүҪˣ
һʱ䣬Ȼûгûߡ
С𣬴Ű뿪Ƭؾҡ¶ûгȥʹŰݸ֮ǰࡣһֱǲݽҪˡô
ݸܵԽԽصΣ֮С˵
СԣæŤͷݣаزϣȻʲô濴ţƬ֮ȴ¶Цݣң
Сæ˵Դֶݺݵĳ׽һ·ǱԼ˿
СⷬٶȴͷŨŨů⡭С˵Ƽˮ꣬ڶŪСĪøУʲôطֻʮĽӴȥĸܵС׽Ǻαûκι׽
׽٣СԸܵŨΣȴûҪ뿪ҪԼͬԡ


1072 ν桱
ݵȴ¶Цݣİɣ̶ֳȵ׽٣κβҡֻ谴˵ãǰæô
СƺҪֱʲôؽ˼΢ЦĿƬ֮վǵ˵Դתһںס˰ǲݡ
ҲݣҲݣʲôʲôүûܰүûܰ
𺳵İǲݻûع񣬾͸еԼСһҧסˣʱŵðиǷ춯صĴСûŰǲݣСŤͷһݡվٳɣһתгȥգۼ䣬ʧ
С뿪ݳһ̧ͷƣƻڻۣûһ¡
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ڵȡ
֮ϣѣƹ֮УɱĿ
һʱ䣬·ͣˣֻƾ棬Ī⡣ǿֲĻ֮׽𣬳͡

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һСͰǲݣʱվ󷽡
Ȼ˰죬ȴҲݴؾڳǲһȻǾ˰ǲߴߴ׽ٺÿֲÿֲС϶Ҫ档󣬴ɣ˲үүȥݣвУвУ
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ѩһ֮æһۣĿеľɫ
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е̥֮󣬱ͻ١Ϊ̥ȥ已̥ϵһԾǨǴ
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ͬһͬһӡڿɽܷΧ֮ڵ棬پ飬Ҳȡ
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ĺһۣȴûиȥ
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Уֻһ˲䣬ѩӣͽסˡ˲̧ͷ󣬵һ
ңԶ֮һƬ֮ϣֲĽƣ䷶ΧѾ˽﷽Բڣ·ѾƷΧ
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ѩ䣬԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫ״ȴһָûа취
һ֮£·˶ԭأһ˿һûС
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ѩȺ£ݱ
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ѩٶȵһֶΣֱδţ
ٲҶԣڿһۣת뿪ؾ
ؾһ˲䣬ǿֲѹ˲ʧӰ٣ѩı飬ȴͣһƬ԰֮С
飬ĺУ˴һæʵôˣ
ѩȴ𺳵ľþòܻعҡҡͷ𺳵ĿһСգĬߵһԣ
һ⣬ĵ࣡𺳹𺳣Ҫúõһ
ĺȴ֪ʲôѩ˵ź档֮󣬻ǰסݺ棬ȴ
ڸѩ뿪в֮±۾ݣȻٶ˫ۡһΣ̧ͷգ
ڣҪʼô
ૣ¶ս⣡

ռ֮УݻȻ̧ͷͬһɫ޸һĽơ
Ʋ֮е֮֮ףȻǻɢȥȡ֮ģԽԽģʰ쵣ס
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͸ִЦУȻܣֱӳһʰ쵵ӭȥ
䣡
ײһ˺Ѱʹһ˲䣬ϯݵĴԡ


1073 ֮
ˬ
·ҪԼ˺һʹϯȫȻݷǵ֣۾һд˳
ףȻҪԶǾ񷣿ֲĶࡣ̺֮ศɣͣӣһףϸݽӴһ˲ȴתٴΡ
н֮ˮ֮ʴһУľ֮ήл֮֮ѹţ
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Ȼݣһ̣֮ϣҲ˲両ֳһ˿˿ƣ
һ̣ѪȻת˿̵ѪģѾѪһֳʥ֮Ľ⡣ڽӿ֮£һŨµȻ
һƸոһ֣Ѹٱ޸
һӴ̶һϢʱ䣬޸ٴΣѪĿֲɼһߡ
ͬʱҲܵˣֻ塣ڣʶеĵҲһ̱Ϯ֮ͬ˵֮ϡ
ͼʱţݵ۾ȴһЦһףĳѰ֮ɵãû뵽˯˾ͷãã
Цһݵͷʱһתʱ䣬ͼȻת
ݵ۾īĿ׳⣬ڰ˫ͫһֵ˲䣬ֲ֮Ȼӯء
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һ˿˿ֲĻ֮գѪ⣬УУ֮Ҳ΢΢ŨһЩ
ͬʱףֱͼ֮ϡ
ֻһ˲䣬ͼǺȻӿ֮£ʼһ˿Ҫļ

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ֻͼô޼ɵգΪ֮Уд֮һĻ־ҲԿ⡣һеͲൽͼɳܵļޡ
κΣӵ
ʱԱ֤ͼʼͣһΪ״̬ȻҲָ
ǣһһ˲Ϣʱڣݵ飬ѪָϹľҲӡͬһʱ䣬Ҫʶ𡭡ôҲûá
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٣ף
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ʮ쵱У˶ҲѾ壬ֻ֪Ѿ˼£ҲȫϰĺڣҲɿ⡣
һգսƣͻȻһб֮ǰ·һ־־ŭ𣬸ɱ


1074 ǿжȻ
׽ļȻãŨͳԭµ֮ףҲһ̣ļȻɫ䡣ٲ֮ɫڲ֪Уһɫɫһ˲䣬пֲӰ֮ϡ
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ĵӰãȴͬʵԶͶӰȻֻͶӰȴȻһֲɣԶϢһƬأʹ֮ռ䶼Ϊ֮пֲĻϢӰȻ¡
ݳļȻĿоâʢгХϣһӿ˿ֲĽɫâӭ֮׶ȥ
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죬ɫ䡣ײ֮£ضļȻײ֮𣬿ֲƵķƬƬ顣
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֮ףҲ˺ݵ塣˺ֻ˲䣬ͱѪȫ޸
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ʱӿ컨׹ݱ࣬ǿ֮ϣֻʶСһ̣Ĺӿ컨׹䣬͡
ֻƬ֮ĵ־ԽԽշ·ϵͽʶ֮УٲϹľ
Ϲľһ̣·ҲܵӰ죬򵥵־УԻ֮⡣
ͷʱһһʶеķ
ĵ־߷⵱нĥȴĵ־Ϲľ
֮ǰ˵ҪϹľҪȻͬϹŻһƳΪҪȻҪΪﵽֱѹϹľĳ̶ȣĨе־
ƷһһϦҪѰҴϡݻƳɹķǰʱ䣬õ˴ϣݼ˸ˡľϣѰңЩҲһֱŬѰңɻǲ࣬ʱû취Ƶġ
˵ȫѹϹľݵΪҲġϾ̥Ķɲô򵥵ġܵǿҵΣϹľıݲܹѹ
Ȼм춦ʱ˵Ӧûʲô⡣ⲻô˵ҲһжЩǡ
ôԷ֮Ȼأ
֮ǰһֱûⷽ飬ȴͻȻ뵽ˡ
ľǾͶȻһǣǷϹľܱԼշ
ֵ֪һԣ
뵽ݼӴȣ֮ϵϹľӿȥ˲佫
Ϲľһ̷·ҲܵһǰδеΣƺһסôͻо޴Σһ̣Ȼ
ݵ壬ۿӵٶȣȻϹľתľ֮ݵ
鲻䣬ѪУӿǿҵָ塣صʶռ䡣
ͬʱڶ֮ףһ̣Ȼ£
ǣ
֮˲䣬ͷ˲޴ѺۡһΣϹľڱѪպάϣû޸塣ʱۼԽԽ󣬿ֲ֮ݵһԣӿʶŵĸ߸ϣҪݡ
ˣʱЩĵĺ˳
ߴŽɫѪҺѣĿдŷִ
ҶȻ
ϵ𣬼ȻϹľ
Ϊ嫡Իָ֮µ֧壬ȴֻݵ壬Ѿѵ˼¡һϣһᣬ·Ѿٽ㣬Ƭ̣Ҫȫѡ
ĵԣʶ˲ٶȱʶķȻû̫šϹľԽʱԻʱʱŭ·֪Ҫʲô£ԽѾ뿪չڽɫĵͻҪ
һ̣춦ȻĬĴڽ˿ûжһѵ˼
ֵУһףԿУ
ǣ
һ£ڵģ֮ϣ
䣡
ݵ壬ȻѣһƬࡣ
һ̣еͼ˲䣬Ȼһ٣ţʼӰʼģ·Ҫɢ
ˣ
ʧ룬
ҶȻ
࣬һַ̣һ˺ѷεУױȵִͷ
䣡
ʶһ̣Ȼ˲䣬˼£
ϹľȻһţֹͣ


1075 ϹľϷ
ݵʶһ֮£ƬƬɫ࣬򣬶Ϊʶıʼ̡
ķһҪ׵ΣԷ֮ǿнϹľȻ
һȻϹľΪǲʧϹľ챻ݵռݡһǣôϹľĳϷݡݽΪʶеΨһ᲻ɴݡ
ʧܣݽܾ޴ΣϹľıʹľĿή֮þѹסѪǿΪ֮һ״̬ףȴʵʵܹɿֲ˺ģڴ֮ǰ룬ʱ޸һ̣ľ֮⣬û޸ݵ壬ʱˡ
ǸһˣʶȻҲҪʶڵҲҪܵټһ˼ȻϹľ֮ϵ֮ҲҪʹҲҪ
ݵꡣͬǺεȿֲ
ݶȻϹľҲʱ⣬û뵽Ȼ˿ɲңûлͷĿܡҪȻȻϹľɹһк˵ҪȻһȻ
˵һΣЩΪֲһΣ
׵Ļ֮£ʼɢѪȫ
ݵҪһֱĥ״̬
Ȼ
֪Լ̫ˣŻΣڣҲȻĵŷִɹʣ
һִ̵˼£βƣһΪͷ
ڣ弴ĥһ˲䣬ʶеϹľ͵Ĳ󲻶Ƭ֮ϣֳһ˿⣬һɾ֮ǰ꽹ǵתӿĵס
ɹˣǿ񣬸š
ţһɺ嫵µȻӿʶ壡
һԶ֮ǰϹľݵҪŨ̫̫ࡣֻ˲䣬壬ָʶ̼ȹ̡еĵҲһ͵һ֮ϵķӰʵٶת޸
춯أӿݵ壬ݴһСС࣬»ûΡ
ѪҲڴ˿תϹľһ޸ݵ塣˲䣬һлָ
Ǳշ֮Ϲ֮ôݣҲһ
ղŵֻҪһ˿ҪȫɢϹľһϷһΣ˲ȹ
ڣΪղ屻ƻļΪףٶȻָ֮壬ٶȵõü֮һƺ죬Ѿֻʣµɲһ˿
ˣ̫ðʧˣҪȻϹľκһʱԣΪҪ¶ȻҺóɹˡҪʧܣֱ룡
Ƿһ̣Ҳһ˿ѵ⣡
ݶʱεĿұ粵ȷ̫̰¡
ȿȣվҲûʲô¡´ע⡭ε
ô˵ĬƬ̣֮ŵ֮·ԽڣԽǼѡԽΪˣԽϡ١ΪΣһ棬Ϊÿһޱȼѡһ棬ҲΪ˺ڣ΢һпܵ
νΪɽ𣬹һ񡯣˵ģôһϣܹμһεĽѵպʲô뷨Ҳ˼С
΢΢ͷȡ˷
һΣȷĴͷɹˣôܻ
ҪȻڲȺɳȺµѪҺСҪȻӵĶӡ
ݸŻǺߡ׵̺ǿ־ǲͨĨԼ꣬ӶҵԼӡһĨ
ǸʱʧɾͲֻôһ߱ˡ
뱾̫ԶЩδй񡣵ͬ뱾ڵѪԨһ֮󣬱͸и켣ͼ䡣֮ݡԼǾ͵ǹɳȺߵݣˡģ㲻Լ
Լ㣬أҲűӴɢͼңڵͳȵȡܻͣһؾСҲ֪ʲôʱ򣬻ᱻʲô˵õ
뵽ЩҲһ¡ЩҡҺãɹˡ
ƺӦݵ˼Ҳ֪ȡ˽ѵҲٶ˵ʲô
̧ͷе׽˿ûɢ˼ڷȻס
ȴѾ˿סϣֻһ飬ʱϹľѪе㽫޸֮ǰǿ˲٣
ȻȫϷͲȫϷϹľӵеֱͬն
ݳĬƬ֮˿С
׽ٻҪϹľĳϷҲҪһһڵӶܹӸǿܡ
ʱ䣬ôһŹȥ
ڿУϴ񣬽ģԽԽǿᣬףѾ޷˼Ϲľջо֮鲻ͣصеĵҲԽĵΧѾﵽ˰
ʲôһչﷶΧĵѹĵƷ֮ߣ޳ߡڰﷶΧ֮ڣݾһռס̥ͱԴ֮⣬һе򾳣㲻ٻ򣬶пܱĵ飡
ھ̥ǿߣ⵱УʮҲҪѹƵֻ֡
ҲǱԴǿߣԳɱԴܹɶһ
һ׽٣ݴΪǼ˿ֲġ̥ʮ򣬳е߰˱ϡѹѹ̥
ֻбԴܸΣ
ҲֻΣѪǿᣬϹľĻָеıԴҪɱҲǲܵġ
ǣԷҲӵ湦ͨ
ݵȻΪ¾ѪĹˣʵϣϹʱ̫ͨӵſֲܡսԴҲǲܡ
սԶԶƲ޵С
ȻƲ޵УǿȴҲǿԿ϶ġܹвݵˣûУѾڷëˡ
£ڣʱߵ˵ڰʮһ졭
ž֮֮ǿ׽٣Ҳž֮Ҫ
һգһ׺Ȼ֮󣬱ͣˡȻ׽٣ȴδɢԽŨ
ţһɿֲѹתϢԽԽԽԽŨأ·صѹһ̾һƬ׽ٵС
ĿеݶӦæ̧ͷȥţɫҲȫ
оӦӵΣһ̣Ũ
ۻʼݾ͸֮ܵϣΣĴڡһΣܵȴͬһ룬ʱʱ̴̿ݵĵףɵҴ⡣
Ȼһ̣Σ¶Խֲ·һ־ž֮󣬿ʼԽŭڣѾŭɽңҪԶ֡


1076 һָ
Ⱦī˺ѵ޼ɵͷϡϣֲƥҪȫѹ
صĿ⵱УģеƲɢȻһֻ飬ݵǰ
һĻݶʱһŵ̧ͷš
׽Ѿɢ﷽ԲȻ񣬽Ʒˣ﷽ԲȻԻһֻ޴ޱȵ飡
ֻ飬ְ֮ɫ顣ͻأĳڽ֮ǰ󣬱עݡ
һĿ֮£ݶʱܵһɿֲӿ壬䣬ֻһۣȻܵһ궼ҪĴ
ʱתһ֮ڱ޸̧ͷҧϷ۾
֮ĿҲУ·𻹴żѿ
֮Ŀһͷһʲô
Щصĵ֮Ŀ־ֻߵʱĿŻ֣ʾ־Ĺעνۡ⡮ָۡı֮ĿˣⲢǺ£ʾӽտʼĽСԺÿһνΪĹעѻԶ֮ǰĿֲ
ԶʱһѵҵĽѻˣ
Ľѣ־Ǽ򵥵ĽѡһﶯõЩѪϹľȵһ׽ٵУȻһЩרſˣûô򵥡
Щء
ݶʱһҲ˹˵֮Ŀעģ־Ҫġһ׽гֵһ׽٣Ҫơ
ݼֱ̲סҪƿڴȻɴŪһײˣαô鷳
ʮľšȥһƶĹҲӡ򣬻һϵ⡣ܻ綼ʹ˱ԣȻҪҲڿһΧ֮ڡǵ򾳣ද̥޵㡣ޣ͵ͬնһĨͬԼԼԲ
·ܵе뷨ڽ͵
ЩüͷҲ·Խļѡ
ֻƬ֮ݾһأɽǰ·ҪһĨôбУһ㣬кη
һ֮һûٶ˵ʲô
˿̧̣ͷ˿С֪һѣս¡
о޴֮ĿĶݣݺͷ̸һʱ˸ӿֲ·ھԤһ£ʯ쾪
һת֮ĿѹһҲۼȴһ¡
ڣڵȴ˲ʱ֮֮еı䰵ɫû˽֮£·ֻ۾ֻǳһۣ϶ݣʧƣԽڰͬīѹ֡
ȥƬ֮ͻȻ֮УƷţȻ֮УȻڽƵģһָȻԽ£ݣֱѹ
һָ˼£ȣְ֮ɫ£ýƶɢһָ֮£ݷ·һֻϣҪѹ
ݵȻ䣬еΣһ̣Ȼ
ָУֲѹоԼѾӲȥ
ӡס
֮ĿŸոճ֣ѵ֮ǰѣҲ˲ǿ𣿣
˲䣬ָ֪ѹϣôȴģȻ
һָ·Ŵ򣬲Ǽ򵥵ѹҪȫ
ֻһ˲䣬о˾ϣ͵ҧ򣬶ʱصڣͬʱȻ͵ҧ
Ȼָ֮ΣҪݣô׵ģ
ŭһ֮ϣһɿֲϢȻ貵Уǽ⣬ʵʵĴڣݵ壬·һ˲һӣ
죬ԣ˵˵ѣҪңҲҪ㣡
ٶŭ𣬾ȻٵԭأĵȴָٽһһֲĽâֱӣָ˹ȥ
ƵУʱһֲĺ·־ҲݵΪȫŭָµٶȣȻһӡ
ţɲ֮䣬ĿֲâָһȻײ
ûпֲನ޴ޱȵָâ֮ȫɱ
ҲΪˣʹһâֱﵽױȵĳ̶ȣһŶӣ˲䣬ָС
䣡
֮ʱصָ·Ҳ˲ͣһ˲Ըӿٵٶȣ·ȥ

ֲָʱϯȫ壬ڽӴһ˲䣬ѣ

ֲһȻϹľȫշŨҺ̬һ˲䣬ȫָ
Ⲣȫ޸һָ֮ٶȡ
ԣҲȻ
ʱܹ֮ݵգۼص۷״̬ʱȻ֮Ҳ޴谭
ֻһɲǣݵǧΣ鶼һƬͨ졭Ȼָʹȴ޴ĥɲʱǧΣ־һ־ս
飡
ݷŭ״̬ѾȫħܲˣֻһѣбŭŭԴԶŭ
䣡
ֲĺָ֮ͣ׽ڣкдױȵķŭһֱӣȴ޷ɱŭ
ԽԽ󣬷·Ҫɢһѡ
ɢŸոտʼͻȻһ٣ţǺԽ·ӵķŭˡƺΪҪѣȴΪĳԭȴֲòͣ
䣡
غȻ飬޴ָվ˵ϡѣѣĻ𣬰޴ָ·أһѺۺȻѿǧһƬأĴݻ١
˴ʱԿ·һСĴָ׽£ٵ棬ָڣָֻڵĳȣͳ֮ϡְ֮ͨɫɢŲɣӵϢ
ڵ棬֮ǿֲನȫɢƵУһ󲻸ʵĺŷŭҲżΡ
վָ̧Ҫصơ
𣿣˵Ҫ㣬ͱȻҪ㣡
ʱݴױȵķļȻصءָһ˲䣬Ȼģ˷ŭµ
һΣǺ


1077 նָͷ
֮񷣬ؾһ̶·ռ䵴һɫޡ
ԭָ̧һ̣ȻҪ¡ϣǹ⻪˸дֲĲ·Ҫָڣȫ
ɾʱ֮䣬ļȻһ첨ƣⲨƻȦ׳µָȫָ֮ǰȴȻ˵ա
ʱ䣬ǿ񱩵µķŭٶռʱȻһԽԽĵطֳһƣ·һ֮£һƬؾҪ顣
ңԶһħ·ؾԶ֮һܵ˲Ŀ֮ǿռƬƬ飬޴һĩվ
εķŭ벻ʣһָվû䵽ϣ첨ƹȦ˰գеԽ
ģָٶ̧Ҫؽơ
飡
˿̵ݻ֪淢ʲô£˶Ѿͬһӣָ֮ڣһһε飬һϢǧٴΣǾҵʹ۾Ѿ˽ɫѪ˿ɫѪҺ鲼˼¡
ԽʹУԽǷŭħһִѾܲˡ
ΣҪңôƴҪҲҪ˺һ⣡
ִᶨ˼£ЩѾţֻһͷһָ

УݽеΪȻɢΪѪңо֮Ϲľ֮չ֮
ǰȫ壬Ϊٵ֮ޱף
ջȥָ֮ϣͻȻҵĻ⡣⻪⣬ҪԽɫΪ壬⵱У̺˺嫵ķ֮ص֮Ũ֮˵ı֮Ӳ£Ҳֲ¡γɵĹȦó׽ָָͷ
䣡
ָǽ֮ǴŸӷĲȻŭָƣٶһҪ¡
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Ҳô̶ʱĳɣ·Ȼˡ
ɫ⣬Ȼѣֲĺ֮صأһıǿᵽ£ָҲ޷ֵںУָָͷȻ
ռ飬ƬƬָָͷһֿ̣ݣҲָУ˳
䣡
ָӷı֮һ̣ķŭȻѳָͷָԣһ㡭⣬վָˣ
һϣȻԼǽ֪֮ǺεĴڣ˷ָٶȲܲ˵Ҫ¡
ݵ״̬ãήңһ˫۾ȴս⡣
ҪңҾҪ㣡ĳ㣡
ݿָµƣȴη壬Ŀִħһŭŭ죬أȴý֮Ĵڣŭ˼£
ָµƣվǱȦ谭Ȧдֲϣ͵֮£Ϸ·𴫳˲ҽСţһɾȻӿҪµָȫ赲ǽһŽƷϡ
ָ£Ǳֱ¡ȻջصʱȴǾŵģ·ĳӲƻأָ˵Ը
޴ָվǻĻص˽ڣǳ˾žŰʮһյĽƣҲһ̣ɢȥ
ݵ۾Ķգȷʧ֮ųһɫȴһƬࡣ
ˡ㣬̫ðʧˡȵһζɽٵʱֻ½ѻҪһ⣬⡭Щ
û뵽һƽͣ׶ŭݣΪλһͻȻû뵽ǡŭ֮ݣȻôһħĴڣ
ָпûи־ڣ£ݾȻڽҪɢһ̣Ҫ֮ԿӲ˶ԷһָͷֱҪ谡
֮٣ֱҽ֮ŭ˵
ν£òͷѾﵽѾԼ磬ԣܹ⡭ݻҪһƬ棬ڻкüҪȹʱ˵⣬ֱǷ
ȻԷĸԣһ̶ȫ
ȻôħΪһνѵлһôȻݵĻȴ÷סˡ
ݵı飬ָ侲ĿŽɢ֮ҵĴڣġղȦӦҲˡ˵˵һҲҪһĹ򡣴ʮľţվǶȥһǾ
ȻһΣȵһνѣվҪһҡܶóһε
ҳϷһνѣȻѡҲϷһνѣͬѡȻˣΪҪϷҪңҾҪҪףҪɱңô׵飡
΢ĩһ·ѵǿű˵벻мߵգȻΣƥһŭѪ岽ݾһƥ򡣵衣ǣǡǣ˵ˣҲһˡգ
˵һ仰ݵϣֳһ˿֮ɫ̧ͷУͻȻȵҲֻһ־ҲգԼҲաˣҪݣԣҲҪñҧһѪ׼ߣ˵ʲô죬ʲôҲֻһĹ߰ˡк԰㲻ԼݸңϣһΣʧ
ܴ󣬺죬յУһƬδκεĻӦݵȴ֮һƲ죺ˣȴشһҲûСߣЦ
˵꣬νǵͷ档
һأѾȫٻָһ֮£ɡ˿̣·ȴһ޴Ѫ⡭Ǳµָͷһ֡
˵Ѫ⣬׼ȷΪвûѪпڲλһ˸ŵĹâݺύǹһ֡
ֳģ
ݵ¶Цݡһ٣Ϊʮպ𡣷ִߣ־֣Լһ֡
һ֣˵һƬأ
ĵ򣬵Ѿﵽ˰֮ңֻҪﵽʮԳͻƵ̥
ԴﵽһЧ
Ƿ֣Ĺ򣬰Զȵһĳ֮ҪĶࡣ򣬱Ȼĵ򣬵õ
ΪҪǡԴ򣬵һЩ㹻ġպĴ޷ĺô


1078 ز
ˣƬؾƺЩ̫ȶˣ뿪˵ɡ
˿̣
ԣɳһȻȻѾɢܣȻһƬƬɢһƬռ֮ǰܴ̫Ͼ磬޸ʶ˿Ѿˡ
Ե˵ͷĿǰҲһضָﵽʮ﷽Բǵ򾳵ļޣǸʱٻٶȽ١
һνѽԶοֲһζùһλõԡ˿ͻƣȻʲô֮١Ҫ뿪ѰһЩɽõĶ
˵һЩؽ׾ƷķҪ׼ġ
ʵڲУҾõؽױܿ˰ɣûУؽױȴһץһѣš
ںżõؽױңڵĵ֮ڣǵõ౦Щû飬ܲԡΪ֮ǰûʱ䣬ҲûбҪһʱ֮Բ
б䣬֮ɽҪΪӪΪȻҪģȻԣһЩҲǲԡ
ǿԼʮؽױﶪȥܻһЩõġϾؽ׾ƷڵҪȫݻ٣ҲҪķһЩġ
ţݻֱ֣ӽǰָһڡܶ࣬пռӴҲǲ١
պöָٶȿ˿⼴Ŀռ䣬ͣһֱӳŰ֮жȥһͷ˽ȥ
뿪ؾһ˲䣬ؾ֮⣬ſ˰ʮСڵһʱ͵վ㻶ĳ˹
Сһ㶣ʱ¶ЦݣС𡣡
һ߽ţһԴС𷢳֮
ں󷽣ǲݻûĴ¶֮ɫݣСԽԽǿˣôô죿үӲˣүӲˣѵѵүҪԵô

ѩˣҲݵĵæվݡ
˿ݵ뵱û̫ı仯֮ǰĸоѾʧ˵ѾȹѣѾϿĴڡ
ٻҲеһ־ΪĵҲȹһ٣õϿɡ
ȻˣУȴ˾޴ı仯վԭأȴ·ҪգƮá˵ٵУ˼ĺô
ߺĶЩ鸴ӵĿݡ˵ݵĴţ֪ݴе־磬һҵʱ䡣ǡ
¶ɬ̫ûпɱԡ
ѩΪӣ̼ǵõΪݰʱͨʶĽӴ˲ಢ̫󡣶񡭡
ѩͷ̾Ƿл޵ѡ
ĵлЦЦҡҡͷ
֪лʲôȻǵؾȫţͷĵΪȹĵݶһǵȹס˵򣬸ĵǿϡ
ѩĵͼǱͼȴͼ˵еɴзֻһ˿֮ѩݲκ⣬ԸѩİȴǼ
ˣ˼ˣ߰ɡѾ˽£λҲǵȵĲ˰ɡݿ˵
ѩԿЦһ˵ͷ
ʵҲ˵һһʱ䣬Ѿߴ˺üΣѩѾ·˹ȥﷵصλã˵ҲҪʱ䣬ȥֻĿӲסˡ
ݵ˵ͷû˵֮󣬺һ֣ʱһҷ󣬳ǰС
ǵؽ׾ƷٶӦñҪ첻١ǲһͬ˴˱ȥɡ˵
ңоֻһˣȫ·ȫһ쵽ʱ͸λáңое㣬ˣֻ˶ΣѡԵؽ׾Ʒķǡ
󣬸ѩ۾һݵĻæ˵ͷ
ؽ׾ƷǣҲûеġ࣬ҲǵؽƷ
ؽƷ;Ʒֻһ֮⵱еĲֱ࣬ԵơԴ˱أʮ죬ǾͿԻص
һʱﶼЩ١֪ҪŭħΣ˵ֻиѩĵؽƷﻹδٻΪסħáֻѾħʴֻɱ¾ûǵĹˡ
һܿԷأжһ
ŭħվʲôƵء
һ˶ҵؽ׾ƷĻ󡭡û飬ⲻ÷ʱ˱У䵱˱Ҳˡ
ڵʱ򣬰ǲٴγ֣̫֡СһһγһƬҶӵĻ£һֱڣûܵ¶
СɢɢźǷĿһۣͻһֹ˵ʲôɻǹԹ˻󡭡Сһҧļ̫̣֪СʳǳҲҪǿĶ࣬˿СǰΡ
Ȼ󣬻һХգۼ䣬ʧһƬҰ֮ϡ

ʱ仺ţٶȹȻǸǵģʮ֮ŭħڵľ޴ɫУѾˡ
һ·ϣݵ͸ҲһЩˡЩ˼ȫǵ򾳼Ĵڣŭħɱħһ·Ҳ͵ŭħʱȣѾٵ̫̫ࡣ
սŭħʱŭħڵĵǿߣֹˣÿǰһξ룬ͿԿЩ򾳴ڡ
ȻֻڼΪŭħڵλãɢɢһЩǿߡڣħż
ؾеһĻѲ²⣬֮գǿֲĲŭħڵħǽħѡŭħеؾڡ֪ڶʲôʲôԭ
ʲôԭ¶̽ʱ򣬵֮Ҫȼλ
ʵҲܺ棬ʲôҪ֪ԴĴڿǷͬСɣǶȻвԴĴڣʵľ
ȻҲżֺ桭ʲôԿռԵİǲݣԽ
иӺǡأǱ˸ʲôģ
ڻˡ߲Уѩظһݵϵ
΢΢˵ͷҲŵıԴǿߣҲк档
ݵͷѩȡƣڶͷʱһ⣬Ƭ֮΢΢һѩæڶͷƬ¶Цݣ˵ǡ޵ѣҽһڴµеҲ֪˵Ҫúõĳл㡣
ԣ΢΢Цŵ˵ͷ
лʲôģʵ⣬ֻΪλˡ
ﵽԴش£ԸȺΣԼ֮£ҲԸ뿪ɼ˼ش塣ˣֵһ
ݵȻ֪ʵƤͼѵʱλܲ˵Ľŭħ¡
һ˿˿棬󣬾Դ߲ڡ


1079 
߲Уģ뵱Ĳƺû̫һĽֵһӵȺյͬһӹ͵һӡ˵ݲ̫ܿĳ֮Ӱ졣
һĿ·һʵλĶ
ڶǡѩ˵
ݵ˵ͷһֱӳŶǷȥ
һ·Ȼͷ·ȻڿƬ֮üͷ΢һЩ֡
ǲĵĳУͨһͬס֮ǰͨ˵ƺԾסڲźܸߵԺУÿҲϲЦտΧɡ
һΣȴ֣Щͨ鶼ЩصģȻһһæµżϾе۾ȴżãȻѹֵĸо
ӣȻ˴ˡ
Щء
ֻѩ˵£ľ浽ʲô̶ȣûһȷĸӽǲݽ֮бҪȥһˡ
ݰţȴЩŹɳȺĹˡѩ˵Ⱥȴܱ֮⣬طѾݣΪ԰һĻɳȺȺˡ
ݳһ鲻ɵҲЩ
һ·ĬŶǶȥ
ǼΪӴ󣬵лٶҲǼ죬ķ˽ҵʱ䣬ڣһΪӴĽȺݵС
Ǿˡѩʱ
ݵͷȥȻǽȺΧĳ֮ϣдˡĸ֡
·һгǣŶǣһƬĻС˿Ļ֣ŵǹ⣬ݵĿȻѿĻһ֮ǿ̶ȣҪǻǵһơ
ߺˣֹܼ顣
ţǰڿǧλõʱһĮȴһ·ȥȴſˣ̧ͷ˻
򾳡
ˣسŵģǵǿߡ
޵ѣԵȣϵѩæ˵
Ե˵ͷͣδȥǰĵȴ
ѩȡƣϵ
·ǿ߼ͣһֱţȴ˳˰ȴһۣĿ¶ֽ֮ɫҲڴߴ٣ǽǷ
ԼĪȴƬ֮󣬸ѩһˣԹȥˡ
˵꣬ݾͿ·һ֮ǰĽ˾㵣һ˿̽˴֮ϵһǿǿһС
Ҳɣһʱ˽ȥ
֪˭ҿǷ󱦹ҫͨĵؽױпǵؽƷڵؽ׾Ʒ
ɹȥ֮·ǿߣŵ
ԷȻǴеؽ׾ƷҲϡɡһȴ̾
ѵˣʼ˵۾һ˵
̫ˣʲôֲǲ֪ЩһΪ˱ܱߺ򼸺ѾǷ˸Ҫֻͨ󡭡Ȼпռ𵴣ʱ䣬ҿûоһȴҡҡͷ˵̾һЦңǲȺֻ´ͬС졣һԴܹѾǼΪѵõˣ˹ˡ٣̸ȡһ֮ǰǲ̫ˡ
ʼ˵ǵһ㶣ҲǿЦ˳̧ͷգʲôʱǸͷ֪Ͳŭħˡûҵʲôʧȥɣȫϡ
ͷǺǣӣֻԶҲûиͷˡһҲǿЦ˳
䣬ͨδãǿߣһҲã
ĴǰǿߣҲֻ΢ϰˡֻ沨
˵һ㣬֮ǰȻͬ
֮ǰ֮ǿ֮󣬾ȥá֮󡭡֮ϳ壬ЩЩСЩȴ˿򾳣ڻҪǿǶĳӣֵǿߣ϶ҪȺ֮ġ
֮أڵǿ˵ʧȥɣҲûκε
򾳵̸ۺ̾Ϣǲ֪ġע򾳡ģǾ콫ǲݽλȻǰɳȺ
ɳȺҪȥһ桭֮ڣʻڱչءÿÿ뵽һ㣬ݾͶԼ꽫֮ظеޱȵҡҲû뵽ԼŭħһǶʮ꣬ǵ֮أûԼȴǲܴ򿪵ġ
仰˵ʣȻö˶˵Ĵڵ֮ڡп֪ܶ淢һЩʲô¡
ڹɳȺΪ֮ˡϾʴʵ⣬ȻҲͷΡֵ֮顣
һ桭ǹǺż
֪֮ɳȺݣݵһӦ뵽ʣڶӦԿ׵ʼͷӣƷ档ȻԼ׺棬
ˣû£û£ʲôط¡ϵԿף䵽˺εأ
¹طлڡ˵嶼ѾƷڵ壬ɲͨ塭ǼȫޣģҲ൱̥һΡǿģǿҲܹκεˡЩǿһ˵񱾾ͻҲľ棬ӻҵءѹ
˵ƺܷӡʮ꣬¸ֻңݲܶ־֮£˭֪ʲôʱͱҪõ
Էл£Ҫ취
뵽ҲЩΡ
һҪش󻪣ʵǣû취̳С
ʦڣлڣӦòʲôɡֻ˰οԼ
ҲȻһֱڰ֮󣬿϶һЩʲô֪ԼԸȻҲԼͬԸԼķ֮ӾͶˡ
ΨһҪģҲǻ񾿾ǸʲôΪҪҲǾһЩʲôҲʲô̫Ч
һʱźܴĲ
ⲨƬ֮ݻѹȥ
żҲûãһһڳԣ·һһߡ飬ҲֻһһȥңֻԼӻҵ״̬޲
ţһæ̧ͷȴֻѾһгǣǰǳһݻĹ
⹬ǧɣӴȺУҲںȺĴڡ
ͻȻ̧ͷȴΪ⹬Ϊ⹬֮ǰһӰ
һʤѩݿʵӡ


1080 
ֶڹ֮ǰĴ⣬׿лȻվڵϣ̧ͷŻ󡣵˵ĸоȴ·գĿ⸩
ȴַ·Ʈ죬ޣȴַ·Ľ㶼ۼϣ޴Ӻӡ
ìȴֶͬ䣬ȴַ·ŹҲľ
ǵһĿӣૡ
ȴ⣬ԳɱԴıԴǿô
ĵһŵıԴǿߣڿĵһۣݶδ·һ˿
޵ѣĳʱˡ
ݿʱ·һ˿ӦչһЦڻ˵
һЦ·ߵĿռ䶼һ˲Լ䣬Կһ˿˿ţһ˿˿ľķҷ·͸˻ݵıǶˡ
·ϲãߵĿռ䣬ʼ
ԴǿߣȻͬСɡһϲһŭӰ쵽һصĹ
΢ܸӦĵֱ仯ȻȻλӿΪ֮
ͣ˻Ťͷȥɡ
Ż󣬵ѩ˶ǿˣҲ֮ԣæ˵ͷһͬԻз˳ȥ
С˦˦ԴúëʩʩȻ󣬵˼ַ֮ʲôŤͷȴǷְǲݻûĴ֮ϳ˾֮ɫͣڻڣҶﻹ߶ү뵽Ѳүģֻҵõүô죬ô죿ˣүҪˡ
ǲȫϾһ֮󣬾ȻҲ˲ʢһƬҶӾһƬҶӣ֫үҲȱүҪǿ
۴һȻɫ⻪ڵĿռ䣬ʱ˾ҲڰǲǰǸֳһ˿Ѻۣ
ռ䲨ͰǲݵĴУʱݣŤͷÿǲݲܲ˵һͷȥӡ
¶ɫǲݶСɵ֮Լɽٰʮ죬ֻ򵱳µһ仰ǲݾʹδйΪ񣬾ȻҪˣ
ж۵װ⻪һȴСѾһ˰ǲݵߣһѽ֮֮С
󣬷ſүҪԲݣү㣬㣬㡭ƬƬҶӣŲүߺòãòãǲ۴Сһ㷴ضûС
Сȴ¶˷ܵ飬˷ܣ԰ǲŵĺôͷӨˮ۾ȴǿݡ
΢һ£漴˵ͷ
СʱϲҲ룬ֱһڣŰǲݵһƬҶҧȥ
԰үˣүˣǲݶʱŻˣ۴С
СɲһˣϵϢС˵żջҪȣСͰԵˣﻹȵõ죿õ׿ϣǸһҲԥ°һ죬һƬҶӾͱСҧȥ
Ҷ룬ʱһŨµ˰ǲȱʧҶӵĶϿڳС̰
ǲĴү֫үˣ֫үˣ󣡲үĲݣĲݰ
ǲݷѾȵĲͣҡҡͷֱһֳŰǲץȥ
С㣬ҲǺˣһ۸үأү࣬ү࣡ǲݴţȴĳݷ˹ȥȱץУӿĺɫʱнȫѹס
ݵѪɷͬСɣӵʮ̥ǿȣ̺Ѫ֮ν졣֮ǰǲݾӲݵģο
еٴҲֹݵĶ˿̣СҲѾһƬҶȫ븹УҲ̵¶δɫͷŰǲݡƺͲöԷһΡ
СⰵǲһĻݵȴ΢һ£˼ĿŴ»ܵߵС𣬿Сͷһֺõı飬ЦЦԴ
޵ѡѩһֱݣվ̲סڴߴһ
ţ߰ɡݻعʰеЦŵͷ
ԼСһͬ˻
¸ѩģԪȣ
һ»󣬸ѩæ䵽˵ϣǹǰ˹
¶Цݣͷˡ
ҡæ˵
˵ͷŤͷݡֻһۣĿȻһ¶־âƬ֮ųһ̾Ӣ۳ꡭѩһжѾ֪ĳڴˣĳл޵ѳ˵ţݹһƬϡ
ֻһۣݾ֪ǰȻǿ͸Լϵ֮ˡĸпԴǿ߾ǱԴǿߣ۽֮ߣԼ²ġܿ͸ԼϵܣҲûʲôֵġ
ڴΪԴȴԸһάϵһȺΣΪݻǼΪġ˽ң͡
ڴˣվ׼֪ƢΣֻҡҡͷ֮ͣعһ㲻ٶԡ
΢΢һ£ݣƬ֮·Цݣȴ¶˼ĵλʵܹǰ˴ݵĺ󱲣ȴѾࡣ
һеİǲݣһƬҶ֮ȴ΢΢һ£ĿȴһֱԹëСϡ
ȻС֮ȴȻһ¶һĨءһĨãŻɢ̧ͷȴĿһۡ
ƽһʱҲЩʲô
΢Ĭ¶Цݵ˵زǳ̸֮ɡ޵ѣ롣
롣Ҳ¶΢Ц΢΢ͷ
ҲδףЦЦ֮ת˹
ҵȾиˡתʱ򣬸ѩȴǿ˵
һ£Ťͷˣֿ˿ݣЦҡͷˣһͬɡ
һ£Ҳֻù£˹
ݵ΢΢һ£漴¶һ˿΢Ц
˾٣Ϊ˴ԼһЩ˼ɣͷųһ̬ȡ
˸ԼôҲʶ˼ʱ䣬ˣһͬУǱʾԼûʲô⣬򲻻¡ϾԼľˣǰζԸԼͷҲͻˡ
ȻΪֲΣʲôĻѾǲ̫⣬ʵӸ˵ҲʲôЧԷҪѩˣûκá
վͷųôһѶš
΢Ҳ˵˹


1081 
еİǲڼ֮󣬾ˣһߣûĴϣ۾ȴû֡СһֱԹëƺֻݾٲ֮ʩʩȻȥһͬ˹
ΪӴһ࣬׳ĵ죬ϵݻһλһ࣬һת¥ݣֱͨ¥ϡ
˵˾ۻ֮أÿشߵʱ򣬲ŻᶯáĳҲѰס֮⹬㻮һϾӡЦŸݽܵ
ЦЦûж˵ʲôҲ⣬һЦ֮Ҳٶԣżֱ˶㡣
˶֮ȥĽȺ㶼һࡣ⿴Ǿ޴ٵĲǣҰ俪Ŀ
롣ƿķţڵ
һ˲С
ŷ֣סĻΪأоȻһ֮⣬ֻӣһŰڷڴ̨֮ǰ֮ϣڷűīֽ⣬šһţһͰĲܰڷżţϰڷһЩߣ
ıڣǹһЩֻһһǽеܣϰ鼮
򵥣š
Ǹһӡ
ϾӼª޵ЦˡߵǰȡߣȴЦ˵
࣬šľ֮ߣĳգ̸Ц֮ԣȴһȴЦҡҡͷ
һ¶ЦݣЦЦҲ֪ⷬкθ룬ȴֵ롣
Цŵ˵ͷ֮ѩˣҲЦҲ°ɡ
ǡѩæ
ЦЦҲû̸ʲôǲݵ£ԹԵĿʼ衣
ݿһĻȴ΢
ΪԴǿߣȴԸϾⲻķڡʣݲ̫æµðУҲͬһһĻ˵Ҫסʲôݻһ΢ׯ԰ҪеġȴϾôһطɼ䲻ϲݻһ档
ϾӣλȴҲ˵һЩ顭סÿشŻᶯõĹ㣬˵ϾӼӣƾһǴĲǡҲһ˵Ȩơ
ϲݻȴȨơһ˵Ϊǿơֻ֮һϵб֣ȴûʲôǿ֮ڣԵú͡
΢һ㡭ҪȻ˾ǰ̥ǸԼöԸѡֶνһ̽
ҪȻĸмԼҲΪԼܶĵλʲôӰ죬ʶ⡣
ߵ̫ȴУҲв˻ԼһЩЩˣһУ׷ɣѰѴҲЩˣ׷Ȩƣ֮ϵķ⡭׷ͬҲ˵˭ȷģ˭Ǵġ
ϾеԴĴڣɲһˡִڣĻǻۣԶ⡣֮£ֻҲôò²ġ
ҲûʲôϵϰǲݣҾͻ뿪Ҳ̫Ĺϸǣаš
һؾ衭һ곤ʮأÿĲȴʮش䣬һؾλãҲռݣҪõȴԽˡ޵롣
΢ʱѾܿһ裬˵ͬʱһԶĲ㣬ȴǽƮɢ˳
ݻعһĿ΢΢ݡ
һ裬֮ʱһ˿˿ڲ豭תڶûһƮӰһȴ·ֳ֮СƮ鶯
Ϊȴû취ˡֻԼݵһŸѩȴЩε˵
ѩЩĽĿݣй裬ΪϳԱȻ˵ġǿҲ̥ǿ߲õƷ̥̺Ĵܻ֮壬򡭡ԶȽħ֮ѪƵԪ𣬸Ĵڡ
ÿ꣬Ҳֻʮ֮
֮󣬶ߵĺôҲǼ࡭ĥС£ģǴ
羳ǿߣҪĴڡֻǴ˵еһдɡ
˵껰ǰ豭һ֮̾ݵҪ޵ѳĳЩɴԲƣл޵ѳ֮
ԵЩɴЩ̫ס豭΢һ£Ҳ豭Ц̫˵ĳҲ˳Ա֮һûҲˣˣҲó֡ƸزһȺΣ塣ν֮ȴҲҪˡ롣
˵꣬ԹԵһֻһڣʱһԶõ㣬ʱӿǶˡͬʱʶһֻһ㣬Դ˲˼֡Լ֮䣬ڴĳص
۾һҲףһȫȥ
⣬ȫţ
ȥһ˲䣬Ȼ֮Уݸܵһɴһɾ޴Ȼڱ
ͬȻ塭
ǿֻȻһɿֲѪ֮ȻԵĸѩ˶һæһԡ
ãѪֻһ˲գۼ䣬ʧ١
һֱţһĻ΢һ£гɡ۾ӹ˲ԶȻԼëС۵ӹһ˿ĬվûʲôҲһڽȥ
һЧõģ˫Ŀգʶȴ˼ı仯
һɴ֮ӿ򣬷ɴ֮ǴĹ򣬲ĳԷһ֮Աŷ⣬֮ʱ΢ѹһЩţͼʼɴʹ򣬽һǿ
Ѿɢǧ򣬶ֻһ裬ٶȼһﵽҡ
ͼ֮ϣֳһ˿֮Ӱ֮Ӱһ㣬ȴͼһ㣡ͷ֮󣬷ͬСɡ
֮⣬ݵҲ˼ĲⲨǶڴһ̣·δɾͱԴ˸̵ǰ·ӵ
̣ȴ˽ʱ
ʱ֮վȻ˫۵˲䣬һƬâ⾫âУ·˿һĳΣġ
ʱ͸ѩ˶ȴţֱۣ¶һ˿΢Цݡ


1082 ֮λ
ѩ˿ݵĿ⣬ȫ仯Ǽ̥ǿ߷裬ȴԶûݵĺƴӱʲôߡ
ɸղϵѪţȴܸܵĵȫʶġ
仰˵ݣǲ©֮
ٻ仰˵ݣǵ򾳣
򾳣
ڸѩ𺳣ΪﵽԴšǿݵǿģǿ̥ǿϣҲѿ
Ȼֻǵ򾳣
ʲô컯ݣڽֻǵ򾳵ʱ򣬾ӵ˿ֲս
ڵ򾳾ӵսô̥Դָ֮Ǻεȿֲ
ӣżֲŵĿݣȴֻܳĬ
ݳһƽȻ΢ЦߵĿռ䣬·𶼴⣬һ硣
ݳĬƬ֮󣬳΢֣л衣
Ц޵ѻԵ񣬵򾳵ΪսȴԶ̥Ӣ۳ꡭ˳ϲҡ
ޡҡͷƽ˵
˿Ȼһ裬һ̽
˲ǵе򾳺ˣ²Ǵ󲹣Ǿ綾顣
ݲͨ򾳡
ĵ򣬾׽٣һ㣬Զǵеǿ߿Ա⡭Ͼֻдﵽ̥֮ߣŻӭһ׽١
οͼȡռ֮ṹνټ֮֮ҩǿʮҲĵκ˺ֻΪ
ض˵壬Ǳ̥ǿ߶ҪǿʮѪҺ˽ɫѪپ٣˵壬ҲΪȻѪ㾫ʶδ߻ʲô츳ͨպлԵѪ˵׼б䡣
֮£Եе򾳶Ǿ綾裬ͳΪĴ֮е˼ۼԼδ·
һ裬ֳĺôǿһ֣ǿһ֡ʵĺôҪȵʼԼıԴ֮ʱŻֳ
ۼĳһַ֡컯СݣҲ
ٿ̬ȣƺ֮ǰû̫ı仯֪ʱ˵ǲٴʲôˡһ㣬ֻ˵һ䡰Ӣ۳ꡱȴڲݴ֮£ͿɿһЩ
ţղԼⱭ裬ߺ֮ʲôʵĻλǻһЩʲôˡ
΢ҲЩ̾
Ȼһжʵ˵ġûʵµͱǰһƣ΢Ц̵Ĺͷʣˡ
߲δйκν棬⵱еգ˿ǹƽաһ裬Ϊ˷ֽߡ
뵽Ҳû˼˼׷Ȩƣһ˵ͬ·֮ˡ
ô˵ԷվϵŲ˶İΣǸ˰ǲݣȥԼɡ
˵أݿ˵лҲ˵ˣ֮ǽ⿪֮ǲҶⰵǲݲ֣Сʹ֮£ĳȡһҶι衣֪ɻƣʲôӰ죿
ݵһڣȴǵֱ룬̸ֱǲ֮¡΢֮ƺҲһЩݵ˼һһֱëƤҪȻʹŹǷС΢̾ؾ֮ѩѾ֪ң޵ѸԵд˵Ը׷棬ɷˡ֪޾к
΢Цк棬ȴδ֮ԣתѯС
һ㣬ĳҲĳеĿռ书֮ͨʶΪ׽ʵԸ׷ĳĳҲǳԾСһЦǻش̹ȻδԼÿռ书顣
ſڵȺ򣬸ѩ˱ȻѾһж֪ˣ֪ڲҲǳֶΣҪռط飬¡ڣ֮ǰ̽ҲǳƸŻˡȻֺαڣ
֮΢ĿݣȴһƬ̹Ȼ˶Էƭ뵽¿վȫѹһЩ뷨С޿Ѱпȴˡ
жʮΪҲֻа˲ԶáݱΪʲôȴΪֲȻҲܹ˵ټСޡʵûҪΪĳֹġ
ϾǱԴǿߣԴ֮ǰҪɱԴ֮ȴʺԼ·Ĺ˹Ҳǽһ°ˡΪ˴󶯸ɸꡭֵ
뵽ЦǻҪϲ޵ˡĳϵĶȱһƬҶҲް
ԣٳɣֱӽǲݵ˹ȥˣĳĹˡ
СҪү쵰쵰һѲүȫԵү֪ؾүѰѲү쵰һֱĬŵİǲݣʱ̲ס۴Ϻɫ⻪ӿ·η嵽˼¡Ҳ˼¡
ⰵǲݵ۴Уȴûʲô仯Ҳûʲô仯ӹ֮ϸֳһ˿첨ʱðǲݻһǺɫ⻪ʱɢһգǲݵʧ·𱻳ռ䡣
һĻһͷпԴ֮Ȼ޷
˰ǲݣҲͣʵ֮ͦȤģ֪ʲôڣñԴҲжĻͣʵȴ̽Ըཻ̫֮¿ڵôĳʹҲˣлǱ裬ݾʹ˱
վȴǴ뿪
޵ǲԼĴռ䣬ƺһ㣬ȴݸ
ţݿ
ģ֮ǰ޵˵ԼҲ˳Ա԰ɣЦѯʡ
һ漴ǵ˵ͷǡ
˹涨Ϊﵽ̥ԶΪ˸Ȼ޵ѻ̥ʵսȴѾԶԶԡּ䣬һľƣݸݣ˸һλ޵βҪƴǡ
ٶһȴûеһʱӹƣĬƬ֮ݲŵʵĳԼڲͣԼӦҲ֪ĳǲȺ֮ˣ֮ǰŭħ֪֮£֪ȴǹƼܿҪ뿪򡭡˸ˣְشֻĳ޷ջس


1083 
޵ˣҲˣվҪ࣬˸һλʵҲû̫ʵȨֻ޵ĳܻذǲݣĳ޻رʵѰȻ޵Ȼһ޵һңȴҲ޿κΣĳȻҲǿ󡣡
˵Ц˸һλλߣȴʵȨȻҲǿְ޵Ҫ뿪󺣣һݣȴܸṩС˵ڵһЩ͹󣬲˸Ȩáˣȴܹ޵ѵ˼޵ѹ統֮⣬ȴܽʡʱ䡣
һȴһ㶵͹󣿲˵ȫѾʧôΪΡ
ʵˡֻǶһδ͹ǴʹôȴǻһΣ겢Σ֮вٴҲоЩƻѧռ䴫Զʧˡش䣬ع飬ΣѾ˲ˡ͹ѾٶȿȴҲҪ˸ݣʸáԡݣȴЦ⡣
ݳĬãվľƽ˹ȥֵˣлˡ
޵ˡЦҡҡͷ
ˣĳǡ
롣
ٶȹ֮ת˳ȥСæȥ
̨һԾ𣬺СһͬĴŴȥ
Ŀ뿪ȴ΢΢˸Ƭ֮ŵૣռ书Сȴӵг̥ս⴫У治ˡ
΢΢һ£¿ҪãҪǶ
뵽һֱ¶΢Циֳһ˿߿ռ䣬Ȼһ⡣Լ䣬еĺѩɳ˵档
⺮ѩȴԽ
Դܴ̫ƿ֮Ȼ½̫ˡ
һܿת߻ط䡣
ѩˣվһԡ
һйԲġЦ⣬һӣʱ⻪С
˵ͷһʱ¶֮ɫ񣺡л
ȥɡ˵˵ͷٶ񣬱뿪䣬
˶뿪֮֮ϣһ֣ʱŽգٲ¶ֺ

һ·УܿĴſڣſǿ߻ڡ
ݴӿ£˹ȥ
Ҳ֮˽׼׼Ҫȥκ⡣ҪҪƣ˿ͨ
ݾһԱ򾳣ȴǺĿݡȻûмݵġ
ݲδˣ֮¶ֳ˼
һֱڵ֮أ֪ر仯֮عȻ棬ܲһֱסС֮ػڹɳȺдû̫⡣ڵùؼҪҵȻԼ縸׵䡭Ȼǵ˹ɳȺҲúż
żҪԲԶݲò⡣
Ѱ˵䣬ȴЩ鷳Ȼ꣬Ⱥʮ˾ȴ䣬˲ܶǻ֪ȥأ
üͷ˼һʱ䣬ȴ֪ôӺ֡
޵ѡ
˿̣һŤͷȴǸѩˣҲ˳ģǸѩ
ѩӡ΢΢ͷ
һζ޵ѣ֮ǰŭħ޴дص˲λ޵ѩһ֮ˡ񣬸ѩƺҲ࣬ݣֿ˵
Ͳݱлһ֮ƺ뵽ʲôĬƬ֮˵ͷˣ߶ѩˡ
޵ѿˣ롣ѩһ֮æ˵һ̧֣ٻһͷб
ұˣ֮ҲûüðʲôֽŭħʱԶ롣ѩЦݡ
ݵ˵ͷкһС𣬱˷ɴ֮ϡ
ѩĺԪһͬǰ΢ԥһ֮󣬻ǵ˵ͷ
£һ˵ϸѩķɴǳŲķ˳ȥ
ѩʱڲⲢ̫ԶһɽУʱֵɽ΢㡣һɽɽƮ죬Ũȴһټ֮ء
ڵߵһɽ֮ϣһׯ԰ׯ԰ռɽǱһƽԺ䡣Ժ䵱ʻݱ鲼˼ɾ
ݣҲ۾һ̾ѩӹ֮ˣʱȴҲĳǿʼ浱ӵľס֮Ǻε֮ˡ
޵ˣѩΪŮٶԾЩƫõЦˡѩЦжص֮ǻָһЩ֮⡣ݣҲû֮ǰֻûʧĽȸˡ
Ͼڴ֮ǰǵǾǿƵĴڣŰǲݡǲݣȴǹغΣɲСӦԣ¼ŭݣݣȻԵò̫Ȼ
ȴѾ޷֮ݽӴôʱ䣬ҲݵӻΪ͵ģȻҲͻָȻ
ĺԪȣϾ縵ѩһЩŲʶ˽̸ȴûвԡ
ָȻݵĸѩҲ¶һ˿΢Ц˵ͷӡǸѩڴ֮ǰѩȻԼҲемֱŤ
Ӳ̫ǿ֮ˣ˽ӴԸԷȻһЩ統ܿǰ¶еǿġ֮ܿܵŭ֮ǰʼþеȻȻʧ
뵽ܿҲһ㶣Щ̾һǿ߶ûУ䣬Ѱɣ
Ȼôţ̲סѯ˸ѩһѩ֮΢һ£Ȼûе򣬵ϾŵϺŵš䣬Ȼ˴һֲܿ컹֯ЧĵֿԽǿƺҲԽϡ١ݣҲңԶĹɳȺʼӹġ죬ںܿ֯ൺĳ롭ҵʱδ⣬ӦҲŴ󲿶һͬ뵽ˡ
˲شȴһ㶡ΪѾء
ʵ֮֯ʧĲ̫ӰġЩͨˡûߵǿ޴ӿܡ߾ģҲܻסӴͨˡ˵ѩ¶˼ְˣͨ˲أֱ֣˴Ŀġ˵Ҳʮڡ
ʮڣ֣ݵ


1084 δ
Ⱥ󵽼£ƹ塣ߣͬҲͨˡô˵ͨ˵ġ
Ҳͨ壬ĸǿߣ֮ҲֻͨѡҲ츳ȱ˺һЩԴȱ˶һЩԽٶȻȱ˿һЩ
Ҳ˶ѡ
Ҫ䣬Ϊ嵱еһߣǲܵġ֮ӡ
ԲȺиѩ˲ΪȡҩҲڱӻЩͨ塣һ鰲ȫĵϢ
˵񲻹̶꣬Ѿʧ˽ʮڵͨˣݣͷҲеһݳء
ѹֵҪ߶ôһı㣬ӡˡ
䣬ѩׯ԰Ѿˡ
ٽׯ԰ŷׯ԰ĽҲʮֿţʯͤʯ·ݵش£˹֮ҲĿ
ӭ淵ҡ
ׯ԰ڻΪٵˣ˿̶ۼ˴֮⣬ɴȺ˾㶼ѣԶľͿںڵء
ѩҲһСɡ˵ɣʵҲ㣬ʵҲһЩҽѩ뿪ȻҲǶˡѩЦŽһ䡣
ԻȻͷѩǵǿߣеº󱲣Ҳ
ܿ챦Ժ䣬һ˷ɴ
λ棡
ԺæܽԺʱȫڵأݵ˹񡣺ȻѩѾһЩʲô
ɡ
˵ǸѩңȻԽ޴ң˵Ǹѩĸѩ֮ԣһæǹվԭأ̧ͷ
֮ǰǿѾ干ˣ忴ǿߣҪִ֮񡣸Ī˵ع飬򾳸мս͸ˡ
ԸѩȻǰţϾԼˡݺԪǿɲϤ֪ƢΣȻҪΨֿˡ
棬ϯѰ潻áһòŮӣߵѩߣ
ţǹȥɡѩЦŵ˵ͷ
ǡ
òŮӴ֮£һͥԺݡǰԺѾڷһʢľƲˣвòŮӴӸղȺܳ࡭ЩŮӣ˵ҲҵΪ
޵ѣ롣ѩݹ֣ȴλ
΢һ£ͷȴ̾һΪԽߣҲԽѩ֮ǰڱ֮ϵı֣ΪѾԼվЩη
Ҳûоֻܾǵ˵ͷ֮󣬱㾶˹ȥ
Сǵɴ۾ϵĲȣǶʶͣĿ¶ɫȻƺЩʳ
һʳĲȻͬѰǿ˵Ҳ󣬵Ҳ˸еġСͬδŭħȻܹʳʵһζʱʳָ󶯣ͷˮһ
ûڣҲûҶһ߸ߵݵλԱߣһһ˫۾ͣʳƺ֣ôôʳʳҪ֪뿪֮غеļʳĶ
һǰǲݡ
СģȻУʱЦõСԴһȻԵġ
СæŤͷݣһֺõҡβ͡
ѩһĻһ£æԱһòŮŮһ¶Ȼ֮ɫܿ칧ͷˣܵ
ģԪ壬Ҳɡ
ѩҲкĺԪȣԵ˵ͷҲ
ѩһЦҲ˸طȴǾƱݵȻѾ˵ܶΣѩҪ˵һΡл޵Ѵ˴γ֮롣
ҡҡͷҲֻþƱȴЦðɣһˣ´Ҫᣬĳɾˡ
áѩʱʧЦһ˫Ĵ۾
һ
ƣȻԪ𡣲ԪѾû̫ãֻ΢һ£Ч㶼һա
ȻԪ𲻽ֻǶЧ׷䱾Ҳѵúþƣˣ೤ûʲôôҲ۸񲻷ơ
һ¶֮󣬸ѩЦ˳Ҳ΢¶Ц⣬±Ժ
ʵڵǿ˵ѾҪͨʳʳ˵һܡ
ѩ䲻˵ĸ֮ȥݻǲ͵ģҲᱻŭħȡǲˣǿƤᣬСһʳҲǷǳ󣬾ͼ۸˵ڲҪԵôһûʮǧ飬붼ˡ
ҲûгԹٳЩɽ亣ζҲһζҲԵĽζ
ֵһǣ;кü˹׼һȽϴһţһаߵĿ⣬СǰǽĲ֪ʲô޵Ŀɢ㣬ʱСʳָ󶯣ֱӡ
£С̧ͷһۣ΢Цͷ֮ŻĴڴڵĿɼУݵĵλһָˡ
һĻҲΧѩУһ¶֮ɫֲΪһСҲֵԼǺܿͻع񣬿ݵУ˸ľη֮ɫȻΪˣͬһˡ
ȻЩˣѩˣȴݵΪ֮⣬СҲȫֵΪ³֮⣬ˣֻصģȥͬһССĶ֡
ƹѲ˹ζ֮ҲĿˡҪ⣬Χ֮Լδĵǡݻ࣬϶ĺ档
ܱ߼Ѿϣһ岽һݶ֡غԲǿ롭ҪǲӴԴҲΪḻĻôпδĳһͨȫˡ˼ԪһĨ̺졭ݶԪʲôЩͨ˵Ԫĺ󾢻Ǽġ
ⲻ¶ǣҲ𽥷ſҲ
֮ڵ½ˣĪ˵뺣ӽĵطפ˴ĵ򾳡в̥ǿҲء͡Ҳ൱ڣҪΪһЩϾϻ͸Դǿ򣬵ȴֻ̥ǿߡǸٽ峲Ѩʱʱܵ಻ԡ
ҵķھڼգһϮȻǱˣʧҲС
˵ʵҲڻЩڣгһ뿪ˡ治֪ô졭


1085 ɨ
˵˵ţ¶ȴãȻֹ˼֮ȴЩʹԱߵԪȺ͸ѩһĬ
Ϣһ°ɡԪȼʵЩ̫̾һͷϹâĽ˯š
ıˣϵ򾳲࣬ҾԶ䵱վˡĵѣȫϣһҲûӳҪǵʱڲֻѩ̾һų˯ȥģȻĽö꣬ĵ£Ҳһ֮䡭һƲл궼û¡
΢㶣Ҳ̾һ
û뵽Ļôһ¡
֮·һ¶֮·ߵԽԶߵҲͻԽ٣ȻϧҵһΪּΪ֪ĵĵ£ȴǼΪѵ顣ĵʧ̬⡣
ûȥ׽ЩǡӦǴʯгİɣݳĬ֮ȴѯʵ
ôûУЧѡ̫࣬ϵҲв١ǾںϣͨȺӵпֲ츳ͨжãҲС֯η˼ƻվʧܸաѩҡͷ̾
ҲЩ̾ȷҪиԵơЩ壬ӵ츳ͨҲɺ򾳡統ڴ󻪹塭Եݲǡ깥ȴ÷˯Ϊֲ
Ƚϲ̫ˡ
ᵽ⣬һʱҲЩĬ˳Ĭĺ˼֮󣬸ѩǿһ¾Цˣɲ˵Щĵµġ޵ѣ˵㲢ǲȺ֮ˣ֪羿ںδ
ѩת˹⣬ȴû뵽תԼϡһЦ֮Ҽ򡣡
򣿡ѩȻǳԾСΪǿߣȻ֪ģǾ޾ңԶ֮Ĵ½ݣȻˣ
뵽ѩһƬԾ޵ѵһγڹɳȺʱ򣬲ΪΪ޵ιģ
ǿȣһ󡣡ݲδأƽ˵
ǰݴŲ׸߱ԼΪԴǿҲ̫η壬ȻҲûбҪǰڡ
ѹˡѩʱȻͷȻҲ֪ġ
뵽˵أѩ¶Цݵ˵޵ѻǺҿɲֹһε˵˶󣬽͵޳Ѩڿռ϶У޵ѵ겻ΪȴǴ͵˾סĹɳȺ
ѩ˵Ҳ̲ס¶һ˿п
ʵϣҲݸоȽҵ顭׷ɱֹԪ֮ʱ뵽ʶǿ޵ʱ򣬾йָп
ҪΪ͵ֵطһҲöˡ
ޣݵЩعЩ޵ˡȻѯʡѩһ㶣漴ȴǿЦģ屻ӡӰӣɱ¾֮ࡣ޶ûǣһЩǵģȴҲġƴȻǸһ
شҲ̫ݵ⡭屻ӡ̫֮ǿƣӵеǣȴǽûʲôǻ۵һϵΪΣգΪӵĵطع֮ǰһ͸岻졣վһͬԸ壬Ҳ
Եͷ֮ȴû˵ѩҲûм⣬ǵô޵һô죿ôǼǵ֮ǰ˵Ļ
ѩᵽ⣬ݵ֮ǰΪҪѩԭˣ¿ڵǴ㷵ϣڴ֮ǰȴм´ԼҪ鷳һѩӡ
Ŷ˵޷ֻҪѩܰæģƴǡѩһ񣬶ʱͷݿǼΪмģԷҪæȻԴ
ҪҼˡݳ˵
Ҽˣѩһ㶡
šˡݵͷŵڹɳȺĹˣ㶼ǵ򾳼Ϊ
ɳȺˣĪǡ磬ĵǣ
ȻݵĻ˵ѩ΢΢һ£ֻһ֮󣬾Ϳʵ
۾ʱһæʶǣ
šѩ˵ͷѩô˵Ҳ˴˽ǧصʱ䣬˵Ⱥڵ˳ԱϻǶʶġɳȺǿ߱Ͳ࣬ʮǰֻĸֱƷ棬ȻֹԪԼֹ֮Ԫ֪ôδڱչأʮǰɳȺĵֶǽκġ
ѩ䣬ɳȺĵ򾳶˵˳֮½κ춼ᵽˡ
йֹԪɱ飬ȴֻڼ֪ȴǲ̫ġݵʱ£ȴû˵
ȻҲô࣬æڵ֪ںδ
ڣѩһ£ҽŭħ֮ǰڲϿ硣ӦûڲɣҲȥ

Ȼվ
ȷһǰڲʡ
ǵġѩһ㶣ǵ˵ͷ
üͷʱһ£㲻ٳɣһǿȻϣ̼䣬Ĳϯȥ
޵ѣѩʱһԲ۾
εǿйȻҲûеزطڣ֮Զͨûйطǿټ֮гľΪ֤֮ĲľΪϢϢء
˵ݣҲ̥ͨǿ߲¡һºɨȥ˲䣬ǽʮ﷽Բ˵С
ɨͬʱжʱʮǿȻӦ
˭ڲţ
һŭ֮
ɨȫǣʵǺǷ֮£Ͼɨͬһ̽顣ǿߣûһܵģȻ˷ŭ
֪Ʒ˵ټ̫ҪҲ˲ֻǶʮ͵λѣʵڱǸĳ޶⣬ֻΪѰҹˣλи㡣
ǿᣬܸܵģҲֻ̥ϵǿ߶ѡͨĵǿߣֻеͷһ֪Լ˿̽ȴҵ˵ݶԻˡ
ͣʮУдڳĬƬ֮󣬻ȥûݡϾش䣬˶ʹʧѣҲôɹΪͬļ˰ΣҲ⡣⵱УȴһףǴŭ֮
ҲѰʲôˣ˵ǲǣ£ԼĹء㼴ջݹĳ棡
¡Լһ˿ܣֳ˵ıŭݵüͷҲȻ΢Ŀиֳһ˿⣺ŶĳӦ֪λӵѣҪβ棿


1086 ͻ

ݵĻʱ˼ŭֻһ֮𣬽һ˿첨˲ңԶ˲Ϣ֮Ȼ̧ͷ죬Ŀ¶âȴֻԭƵգȻɫ䣬һֲУգ۳ͣһֻ֣˺յĿֲѹԺ䵱еݵͷץ
ֲֿ˼£նſѹֻ˲䣬㽫ѩԪȶѹɫ˲԰׵ûһ˿ѪɫζȻڵأжʱһѪǱԪŪĻԹȥģҲһȻѣѪ¶ãȻ̧ͷ졣
̥ǿߣ
ֻһۣɵˣԪľԼ˲˹ȴȫ׸ղŷʲô£ôԺľͻȻ̥ǿ߸նԼˣ
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ֶΣȻԶ籾٣չҲÿ֮˵ΪΡ̥ǿߣɸѹһͨ򾳣㹻ġ
ⲻֻǾ֮ϵѹ˲˵򾳵ĸѩˡ
˵Ա춼ˣһ˲Ѫ磬κȻ˳ȥ

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꣬պǾצûʧ֮ǰһһűѲֱӶ˵С
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Щ֮ˣֻһ𣬶һŨֲȻڱܵĴˣȻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ǿʼ޸ڣΪȻ
һ˲䣬˵Ŀⶼϣ¶֮ɫ
ѩǿߣͬҲܵǿֲ
ѩĿ𺳣һεľԻáԪȺģȴǲ˼Ŀݡһ֣̥ǿߣҲ޷쵽
ȻһУͷûأ׿գĿȴǱòݡ
ݶֵһ˲Ϣڣһ޴ݻׯ԰Уһӣ׿졣ߣǿߣ˵ż༸ˣȴ¶ЦƺڵſʲôϷ
Գֻ֣¡һ˻΢ЦŸոճڣļȻ䣬һɿֲȻϮ֮ϣһƬֲУ˲Ϣͣţһѹһ֮Ȼег
ֻһӴԭ΢ЦҪ˵ʲôӣɫȻ䣬ֻ۵һʱһѪһƨ˵ϣ¶֮ɫȻ̧ͷ
༸ǿߣͬʱ㶼ѪڵأһɫȻ䣬԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫ
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Уֲѹ֮һֻɫ֣˺գŵ
ֻ֮ϣǸоһֲִ֣֮ǵ򣬶һ˲·Ҫ顣
վԺе꣬ĿȻâȻдżţ˲ϢУһ䵭Į
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ǽ֣ȴϢʱ֮󣬲űѣϵԽŨ
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ײֲĳ֮˲䳯˷Ȼϯ̶ֳȵȫɢĻ䲨ֻ½ᳬﲻֹ
Ⲩȫ֮ǰһƬ⻪ȴļȻ֣ǹ⻪һι֣䵲˷ԲǧɷΧ֮ڣͬһ淴侵棬ǿֲ߿ա
Ŀɢ֮ʱļȻѿһգһţ¡Ȼ
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Сңŭȴ˲Ȼ֣һͼֲĵѹءǹɿֲֲ֮£ļȻһվûɢȥ
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Ŀ⣬һ˲øɭ
Ӷʮʱ䣬ɳز֪ա
ؽҧĿиֳŨɱ
һɱܿɢΪУһǿһ̣Ȼ
ôĵӣʱ򣬸ڲڶ֣
Ȼ䣬˹Ҳ𣿣
޷죡
һŭӵһ̣ķʽ
Ψս̥ǿߣ
ֹ̥ǵĵǿߣԼһ޴ݻۡͨڶ֪ʲôˡ
Եǿ˵һ̣·˲¡ڣһ궼Ҫʶ֮ͣɨɫһ˲԰׵˼¡
ȴܸܵĵ
̥ǿߣڲǶˣ𣿡ͷԭã飬ø޴룬̧ͷ졣˵һ̣ĩա
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˿̣һŭֲ˼µȻɨ
Ժе΢һƿնȥµһȺɫ԰ףǴѪֵ̿ĵ򾳡
ɽУһƽ΢һߣСԴҲƿնȥ¸ѩһʱ䲻֪ηӦ


1087 ȫע
ޱĳȥҲһʱһ̶һ˷
׷ʲô£ѵ̥ǿϮˣ
񣬺̥ǿߣڲˣ
ڲϢ̥ǿߣƺ
֪ǾȻôǿߡ壬ֱ׹ߣ̫ǿˣ
ͬʱƿռ䵱УһϢ
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׷ʲô£
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֮вѱ䣬ĿǰΪֹ̥ǿߣûбѵġ̥ǿڲڴ֣ʱһЩˡ
άһƽ״̬̥ϵս൱ġ˵̥ǿͻȻѱĻ˳֮¡巽ѹһͷһпܾͻȫս
ҲѹЩǿ߽ˡ
ڲ˵ǣĵǿߣҲĪһʱû˻ش⡣
һֱ֮һ߲ʰ쵵Ϣ档
ҲҪģ̥ѣҲϮ̥ǿ˳ͻѣǶѱȥͻӦòӾ硣Ҫš
Ϣһ֮·Ϣ΢һ£Ƭ֮󣬲һϢ֡
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ʯ־׷ʲô£ôҸߣͷ飿˭˭˳ͻΣ
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ǲڵĵǿߣҲ֪ʲô¡Ϊֻܸܵĵȴû취ܵеĻֻ̥ǿߣ֪巢顣
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ܿģһ߲ʰ쵵ѶϢ֣֪֮ȥ
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̥ǿߣһ֮ģȥȴǲ⡣
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˶Ϣȴš
ݷڿУԶģҲӦһϢϣ飬ȴû̫ĲУȴһ˿⡣
ȷû뵽Ѱͷǣ顭ɨȻף˵ˣҲʲô̫˵顣񣬷Ӧδ̫˵ĸоҪֹǡ
̽ôݵ۾΢΢
гֵʱݾͻ˭ֹԪνĴ磬һ˵䶯¼ʼٸߡݱˣԷϼйһνӴһνӴݴдıԴ
ϸԼȷһЩͻ
ǡ֪Լң̽Լ
Ҫ֪ڵΪر𡣶Ҫǣ׽֮꣬мļǿǻƾʶֻҲû취һʱϳԼô֪ģ
һ߷Уһüͷ΢ţԼ׺ʲôط
֮󣬺һüͷ
ǣ
²⡣һʱû취ȷüĬƬ֮Ŀ¶һ˿⡣
Ҳգ˭áȻѡ̽ңȥҲˡΪԼӡ
ݵĿУȻֳһ˿ɱ
̥ħɱ˲٣̥൹ûɱ
Уɱġ
ХУٶȸһ֡СͬƿնУݵ¶ɱ˲䣬СҲֳһ˿ɱ⣬鶼˼
ܿģĴţٴγǰ
ǴſڣȻǿְء
һΣݲδͣ٣ޱ飬ֱ˽ȥ֮Ҳ˲䶴óһͨ
·ǿɫ΢Щ԰ףݽȥıӰ
Ӧþλİ̥ǿ˰ɣǹĿ⿴ݣ˵ϣȴơ
һ·ХܿģǾ޴ݵǰ߿յУӰն
һˡ
һɫûһ˿֮ǰЦ⣬ݵʱߵĿռ䣬ֳһ˿˿ѩ첨֣һŭҲҪüڡ


1088 ޴ӻ⣡
Աߣһߡ׼һͷȴһһվڿУַ·һƮ˺ӣȴ޷ӵìܸС
ҲһԴǿߣ
վ࣬ƽž޲ϲŭȴ֣۾УûͫסֻһƬİס
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߿ն۾֮ͣƺݵϣţüͷвȴǳСķһۡҲ֪Ƿ񿴵С
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᣿ĿǵӿǲС־£ڲǴ֣ƮƮһͽҹȥ
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üͷ΢һ£˵һᡭ޵̽ǣʶ˵ּİֹ̽Ӷһ֡
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رᣬ˵ʵûʲô룬ȴڲͻֱԭ
ϾλǱԴǿߣ̥ǿҲûìܣÿìֵԴǿѡϢˡһ̥ǿƢԶ߰ȻгͻҲѡԼһس棬ͨ˵֡ȻǱԴǿߣϵ˾
ʵ潫ͻԵȫڳҲûʲôá˵ʲôϾҲ̥ǿߣǿ߿ǲ࣬ǰСʹһϼ֮ڵġش䣬̥ǲҲң˵׽һ̥ǿߡ˵벻˵ʲôҪ
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ֻһԼ̬ȣͻ˫ҲһԼ̬ȡȻ뿪·ʲôҲû
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򶨣϶ݻ˳Ļ˵ȥֻǵĮȻ֮ȴһ㶣ü΢һ£۵׸ֳһ˿ŭ⡣
ݵı飬·ڳµȸĿڵҲּڽ֮⡣
ͷһ٣еļڽԣǸоˣʶͷǲĴŭȴְλԱߣΡվѹһ˿ŭ⣬ȴһ˿ؼɱԽŨ
ݣкҪ˵ģһ˵ʵһݼţҲδעȴǿݣȴû̫ı仯
ݳĬƬ֮ҲΪᡣ
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ݴһ˵ǲȻɫ䣬ĿȻݣһ˲˼¡
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ݵĻ˵ɫȻЩѿ
Լ׵Ķ̥ǿ߶֪٣˵ġͷһ
ʼЩŭȴһ㶣λԴǿߵɫ֮ȴ˳
ݼֱǰ׳գ˵һҲˣƫҪЩ˵Ҫλˣ
ΪԼһЩУԾĿˣССЦţȴһĨ֮⡣ΪݲͨʣҪѰ
˵仯ƺȻû⣬˵ĳôΪΪһϽ֯ع磬øǾءʱȻյΪȥ顭ĳֱԣǲǳ֮
Ȼ̥ǿĶǿ̡ΪˣԾͿԷһЩȺ֮ΪôҪ˺ãƶɺã翪ϲĵе̥һɷܼ򾳵ѸŬС
ΪȺҪĴӪطӦע⡭ֻ񻹻ĳ֪ʮǰһ˽ʮͨ¼ֻս֣Ҳֻɱ򾳶Ϊֵİɣ̥Ϊߣø󡣵ҪƽϢŭҪڹǵ򾳵ľͻȥǰɣ
һ˵ٶȱǰɫѿУȻ˼˼ᵽʮǰ飬ȴ˲ŭա߻˶飬ʧܡ䵽Ҫ԰ɱֶβŵһʹݽ֮˵ѿݳ䵽˼¡
Ⲣʾ֧ʱΪˣûʸҲûָֻһڣ֮ǰԣյĵ˲ңҲ˵˵ˣݲһϲ֮ˡԼ׵ĶʵҲȷһԼֶΣ˵֮٣ǵңǿ⡣
ź졭ǵˡҲûίߵĻʲôɸΪ񲯡ȻѡҶ֣˼ɵʱҵǲǻˣôֺαع˼ʲôλھͱԼ̬ȡҵ飬޴ӻ⣬ҲⲻˡȻڶλʮ壬뿪˵أĳȻưոݡԣĳֻʶλλҪ£ҪԼ׵Ķ£ֻߡ˵ݵһۣḧһСԴƽҪնλ£
ȣ
ûǳıȣ
λҪ֮һѡ
ȷıʾλֻѡһѡͱҪ񡣶ѡ񡭡Ҫ
棬˲佩Ӳλ񣬶ݵĻסݱõĶ


1089 
񣬸ضҪҧ顭һμ򵥵̽û뵽վȻǷչ־档
Ƿѵ֪ǰˣǱԴǿôԱԴǿߣθ£ֱ׳ıȣѵ֪Ѿ̥ԱԴȻûаʤôοҲѾȻΪǿᵽ£¡ʵ򡭡ǲ©֮
仰˵̥
һ򾳣ĵ͵ӣȻ˱һ̥Դǿߣ
ɫһ˼£еŭȴԽԽʢоԼȫѹˣݵԼ׵ĹλʱմմϲĳԷĲʶ̧١Ե̫ûɫ˿û̥ǿ߸еͷâ
ҲѿǣĿдŭ޵ԣϷ롭ҲգȻ޵ѸоѾϷǲݣǱнҲˡ
񲻸󣬵ҲԼ̬ȡҲһֲԸƲϵ̬ڵС
һΣֻǵһۣȴδƽĿλߣƺڵȴǵĻ
̬ȣȴŭգֲ׷ϣ˳ļӸСԳǸƵҲȫղסǷŭ⡣
ٶȻָһƬأɫòݣĶݣ·ҪпһЩʲôݣƽ֮ӡҪ뷨ʱֺγǣ
ֻǿһ֮˿

Ҫ̽Լġôʣһˡ
Уӹ⡣
գŭħеˣڵһξؾʱˡǶзпܣĳˣˣķ̸ŭħԼ飬пҲἰԼΪ֪Լ͸ѩһ
գԼ͸ѩ˻طǺѾ֪ˡ֮һֱڵȴһᡭᣬԼڸѩľɨǵʱ
ԼгͻԼŭħʱҲϡἰҲѰ
ֹԪǰҲ˵磬𡭡ʲô˵ֹԪȻǽԼõһϹŵͳ飬˵ԺȻڵ꣬ҪԸԼõͳ
ŭħ֮ԼԨ֮£ȻҲò׷Լз֮
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ȻҪİ̥ǿɨôҲŭ⣬һԲֱڲڶ֡
̽ԼԼΪȷǿҲûʲôʮ壬Իؼң֪̽ԼΪȻʱȥԼ
ԼΪǿǼֱáһϹԼĵͳ֮
ݵɫء
ȻԷԼѾɱٽ֮ǰ¼ԿΪĿģֶ֮ˡȻȻŹ
ղһһ̽򡭡ҲȷôġУѾǿҵɱ
ɱԽԽңɫȻڵȴλԴķӦ
߰ɫ۾һֱݿΪûͫף֪ںεء֪ʲô֮ǰ߲ŵ̾һǰز⣬౾˽˸ˣȴϽΧ֮ڡˣͽɡиˡ
ߵһοڣЩƣƽϲŭ˵仰֮һתǷ˳ȥɳԶ֮ȴͻȻͣסͷ໹һ仰˵ϣλȥ£Ѳǵ¡廷ţ࣬ˡ
˵仰ٲͣԶԶߣƬʧС
ĬĿȥıӰа̾
β֪廷Ϊ̥ǿߣ壬żΪشõġ
κΡЩ飬Ըתơ
ȴһҲ֪û֮ԡ
òݣ֮ݣƽ£ûаֺͽܣ
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ȻЩģЩʹļ׵ĵ˿֪Ϊѣ˶ɱʵʹ߿죡һ𣬺пܻĹҲܲô
ȴſ
Ȼ˵ĳҲһ䡭ȷһΣʲôᣬĳԸݡֻΪɱҽֵֹԪݻδ˵ȴѾڣɱݣֹԪҽö꣬ΪֵܣȴΪһϹŵĵͳΪɱնɱһ߷ҲŹĳݲ
·֮ǰݵġ족ҲȷҪɱݣ˿̷ڡ֮ǰǸһƣȻ֪Դ·磬̥ɱ𡣾öԷֻ֮ǿ󣬵巽棬Ķ֡
ݺ꣬ʲôɣûԲܱһСȥ
ȻҪǡվһߡֻΪ
ͳ
ݵ΢һ£һۣɱʢ
ⷬ˵ֱ׳Щߡʵȴʵȴһ˼ڵСҪϵĵͳ־
ݿȻ˵֮ⷬƤ΢΢һ˲Ȼܿ˹ȥݻǿ˸С
ĿݣȻһƬʹļ׵ģȴǳĬˡ
ãվڵ֮ǰԣ֮䣬޷⣬Ҳ޴ӻ⡣
һվһߵȻʼ·̺һ籩һԣһ¶˼Ц
һҲֻܰ˵ˡĿˡݾ㶼
ݣ֪
һȣȻбһɿֲһ˲䣬ϯأһأȫ
ûһ˿Ц⣬ȡ֮ģһƬ
Ц⣬˲󣬿ݡ
ͷһ̾δ˵ʲôƽƽ
޹ɨǣ̥ǿߣΪӸ˿֮ʣǵӸڣֱӶ֣Щɴɣڣǿ߲ö֡ΪΪֱ̥Ϊ𣬸˸𣬷Υ˲ݣ㡪ȡ֮񣬽Ϊʽȡһ˸֮λ꣬ͽ䣡㡭ɷ


1090 ԴĿֲ
һ̣һ֮¶˳
֮ǰͰǲݵˣŴ֪̽ȥǰ͡
һ¾֮󣬱ٶ֮죬Ǻš
ݡֲӿһ磬ݸӦһ£ȴռ䶼Ѿ
һ첨Էͷһ첨˲ͻữֲ֮ѹ
С𣬶һ궯ͣű죬ͷһ˿˿ͳվߣȴĿ
ˣݳ䣬ƽĿݡϣȴӯһɰԵơ
һ̵λֻش֮ʲŻᶯõĹˣϾһ
һԵϣû˿Ĳ˼Ѿݽǲ͵С
ݾţãŵǲ
Ŀкâһ֣ǱҲֻǿִˡ
ŶǾ԰ɡȻƽ
ݻصһ˲䣬ĿоâȻһȻȻˡԸ
µһ˲Ȼ̧֣һץ
Χߵ֮˲ϢһɾֲȻǿޱȣȻ֮ǰ׽ٸӿɲȻǻһķӡ֮Ҫ˲ѹ
Ŀâ૵ǱԴ֮ô
ૣݵϣһȻâʢâУһɳѪѪ֮ǿң죡ɫȻǽɫȴһֻѪ֮У˲䣬ӭǱԴ֮ȥ
Դ֮ܿ⣿Ȼ֮ǰԶ̥ǿߡڲϣ̫ˡݲ䣬Įڡ
ȻѪ֮Ȼ֮£Ȼֻһ˲ʱ㱻֮谭صĹݷ·굱еĳӣצҲ޷
ݶʱ΢䣬漴һһ֮£ļȻһ֣Ժ
ƽͣԲķ֮գһ˲ͻȻУӰ֣һ𡣶ݱˣƾնׯϡӿһ˲䣬ǹ֮ȻҲ΢΢һ˲
Ȼ֣ǵݲģУֳһ˿ȡ
û뵽ϣȻзУܺãѹ˳ֹ԰ԭˡǱ͸ҪǿִУöΪȺ
һıԽׯϣ·վڴۣ֮Ļǽɣ˵ҪΪȺݾһ㣬֣ȻץǿֲıԴ֮һ̸ǿ˼֡
ĳ֣谭ǱԴ֮һ˲Ҳֻһ˲赲Դ֮
٣
Ŀ³һ֡ӡȻһ䣬ӡ
һֵĳ֣ϣһɫƣγһϣǱԴ֮ٶһ١̼ʢ
ž㾹Ȼþž⣬۾۵׵ȣһ̣Խԡ
ϧžȻ㱾̫ˡ㣬ʲôıԴ֮ɣ
һ̣Ҳľݵĵƣ̾һ֮ȴȻ˵أȻ֮䣬ߵƱãһֲֿϢȫ
·֮һ̣ݷоԼ·˳ȥδõ֮Ȼһ޷áһֲųУȫ·أһ˲䣬վĶ档
һȵµȻ֡ߣһ˿⣬͸¶һƺ⣬ȣͬ΢΢ԾдֲС
֮ԴĿ¶ɫԾĺ⣬ȴǸܵһּ˵Ϥ
о̫Ϥˡе㲻šΪʶСҲӵУ
Ϲ
û͸¶ȻϹž˵ƣ
Ψһͬǡϵӿֲ
Ƿ·ǽϹȫ֮󣬲ſɶõ
Уһ̣һ򡣸𺳡
Ϲ̥Ϊʼɡƻ죬ȴ˾֮µǿ׽١ɴ˿ɼֲ֮
ȫû뵽ϹȻǱԴ
ȫܲٿصϹ֮жǿݲ֪ȻѾϹľȻ֪û취ȫϹľԸҲøβܽȫ
ǳεей򣬾Ȼ¶֪á
ˣֻǿмϹľξˮ֮СԤεһǿᡣ
Ƕεңȫģ
غȻ𵴣ԭǰ죬֮Դֵ֮һ˲أȻһƬڰСǷԲˣͬ䡣
һأ·ռ䣬γһС磬һвһ̣˲˿ԿӦһȣȻϯȫȣȻֱȼ꣬ȼ򣬸ӣҪȼ壬Ԫ
Ϲľһ̣Ȼȫѹƣã
ɫ䣬ȫû뵽̶ֲֳȣĵ֮࣬Ȼ޷ܣ
Դǿߣֲļ£
С𣡡
˴˿̣Ҳ˲֮ǰС𣬲֣뿴ͱԴжٲࡣȻһ򡭡ѾǲݡΣرĲͬ
ԴǿһصĴܣΪԼԿ⣬ʵϡ䱾ıԴ֮ѹ
жǿǲʲôﵽھԵĲβǰ㣡
ͺٴĶ飬ʯײսҲֻǶ鱻ʯκˣ
СѾ겻ѣñԴ֮ݵ˲䣬ˡݵĵ𣬹ʶȻ꣬ȴҲֻԭתתȥ
ڿڣﻹȵȥ
һ壬Ȼһ󣬳ȥ
Сٶȿ쵽˼£Ҳ˲䷴ӦĿжʱ¶һƾɫȻСһץȥ
ֲĻ֮ԴֱӱСȥ
֮Դ·Դ֮µκȼաأգޡһеһУԿȼգ
ֻ˲䣬֮ԴСϡ˲䣬СҲȼ
鲢ûʲôϲ֮ɫȻС
ţСĶݣҲǵһ
ֻСͻȻſͣ͵һֻǻȫĻ֮ԴȻһ˲䣬ֱӱ˶ȥ


1091 ڻС
ʲô
Ȼɴ۾Ŀ¶֮ɫ֪޹죬ȴû뵽Ȼ˹죿֮ԴҲɣ
һڻ֮Դ֮ԿСֳһɰ֮ɫղһŻ棬Ȼһëû˵֮ԴƺҲôɵģСҲ΢һ˿Ȼ·һڻ֮Դ˺ҲǲС
ݻΣ״̬С˲ɫͫ׵ɷһ֣û˿ͣ٣Ȼȥͬʱצһץ
˺
һռޣ˲両֡
һĻĿ𺳸ʢҪ֪һѾԱԴ֮ƿأ֮ǰռ䣡Ŀռ֮ȹ̣Զ֮ǰ
ˣޣȻռ˺һѷ졭
޵ʲôȻӵ˿ֲ
˲ѿ
֮ǰݵһǿСޣܵһ޵вУһֱɣû׶֣̽Ļᶨ˼֮Ҫռ֮ն޸ԼıԴ֮Ҫռ԰ǲݡ
ܹõϵĿռ䴫УȻǸãԴ֮
ռ֮Թź֮ϵһеĸɾͱԴҪԴɻ磬ռ֮ƲȥһҪ
Դ֮ϵУֻܿԼרУһգҲռ֮ǻǿռ䱾Դ֮ͨĿռ书ӵǿ嫡Ⲣһ׵Ḷ́౾ԴǿһҲͻƱԴﵽ֮ȴ˲̤㣬Դ֮ɾͼ֮⡭ռ֮Ҳһ޷ռ䱾Դ֮վԱԴ죡
ԣϵĿռ书дã֮ռ书ǿռ䱾Դϻм࡭վǿռ֮šպռ䱾Դм
֮ǰɣû¶ģǷǴͼ֮Ļ˾ϵĿռ֮Уڱصã
Ȼȴռ֮⣬ϵأͬҲĶ
ԴԴ湦Ȼ֪УҲǼǿһżΪ¡صĵλȻֳķ֮ʲô֪ΪݵΪ̫ͣδԴʶࡣͬһε棬֮ĿֲŻ֡ԶȻΪá
žž˵ÿһӵĪľΰϷ޷󡣶ݣȻΪΪ̫ͣ޷ֳܡ
ڣģԵ֮壬ȴܹ̥ǿߵǿ壬ҲȻһžͨҲɾͱԴ֮ʱһͨҲһԴⱾԴҲô򵥣
ΪߣȴǾˡĿǰΪֳֹ㶼ҲҪۺĶЩΪУʱսõ
ӵЩȴӲеã̫ί𣿽ңҲɢٹ⣡ʱܱߵһ壬Ҫɢ룬ɾŲ֮ʥ
һ̣жһαװ˵Ҫ乫ֱ֮˵Ҫ
ݣҲڴʱ֪֡룡
һ¶ȹâӭСֲһܣȭȻ
֮Դ̼֮ȭһţȻһ֮һȭУСȥ
ֲȻص䣬Сצӣײһ
֮Ȼը졣ǿֲĲ̼䳯˷ϯ·ĽȺʱѣֲನ֮£룬Ҳûٹ˼·һʱѣݵľ޴󹬵֮ϣȴֳһŨµǹ⣬ನâʢУȻͦ˹
СһκȻײ֮£ֱӵ˳ȥɳʮڿͣ¡
𣡣
ڣһͳµĻСдٲ֮ǰС֮·СеëȻը𣬻ë֮ϣһ⣬죬ţһϢǷ·ǼԹɷ֮Ĵڣ̼䣬СëӰɫʼʱ䣬˺ڡģ·âҪյĺڣ
۾һ̻һɹĺ죡ǺѪɫѪ⡣
һ̵С𣬷·һʵԹɷ֮ȻϯֱʣΪ֮ɫ䣬Ϊ֮ʧɫ

һֱõķһڿڣƵһԺк
Ҳʱһţ·ʲôȻС𣬵۵ѵǡ
ԺУ˲ŭħһԨһԨͷֲûб߼ʵĶϱۡ
ڣ˵ʱڼ뿪Ƕϱ۴ʱܵһ˿Ŀ֮С
ûʱͲĳִڰпӣֻʱǶϱֲ̫룬Ƕϱ۴ʲôһ֮תȥ˺ȻûᣬһֱС
˿Сϵ˲һĻ
ѵСǵʱڶϱ۳Ĵڣ
ݵɴ۾о캧ˣԶֻҪ𺳡
С𡭡Ȼضϱйϵ
𺳵ʱСѾһ㣬ڻСٶȷһŭΣȻһڹ⣬ֱȥ
ɫڲСϢ֮ҲȻ䡣һвĴֲС
޵ʲô´󾪡
֮ǰСܵĳввصĺƮƮޡҲˣڸղ¶ĺ˺Ƥ
Ȼڻ֮Св˳·ҿһɴеı¶ǰ
񣬴ʱ֣ʱ
СȻһòйļ֮иͷ֪ǰСޣǰδĴУֻѾûٷĶԸݡзȡ
һԵݶ֮ʣѾ¶֮ɫԵ֮ȻܹסԴѹҪ֪ҲԳܣ
˺ݵƾС֣һжݵļɵѾﵽ£ٲ
ʼɣǲҪ֡Ͼ̥ǿߣ۽粻ֻͣ⿴ݵı֣֪ԼҪֻ¼Ϊѡ
ĶУɫһ˲䣬
ֻǳһɲǣϣ㸡ֳŨɱ
Ѿ˺Ƥڸղţݻ˵޴ӻĻ仰˵֣ݣҲûŹ
Ȼˡʲôԥģ
ɱһ֣ٲɣֱӳǻֲıԴ֮ŵݣȥ
ϣһ˲䣬ӿһɰԵϢϢǴİԵֱ֣֮ͬ


1092 ɱ
Ʋԣ
ȻݱѾĿֲһ̸֣һ֣ǿɢ֮ǰһٽݻɱ
һȭӳȭͷȻûһɫȭȭͷ֮ϣһɿֲİԵ֮⣬·Ҫȭƿ񷣬κεֵǰ谭Ҫȭ֮£Ȼ飡
Ŀռ䵱УǾȭ֮µĿռ䣬ƬƬŤ䲻Сǰ㽫ռ˺ѣȻԿǿֲϢǿ
ΪСݶ𺳵ݣӦĶŤͷǿǿֲľȭ
廹ıԴ֮ܿռͬ꣬һʱԶǿֲľȭݵϣȴûʲôʧ֮ɫֻǾһۣĿ¶һĨɫ
䣡
һȻڷУһ⸡֣Ѫɫȭ˲䣬ǺȻݵϣ
֮صһɰԵƥȭ⣬ֲͬݵϡУ嶼ɡ
񣬸ӦǾ޴ȭȵݵϣվֳһ˿ϲɫ
Ʋǿһȭ
̥ǿߣôУһϹŴССƲȭ⡱ǿƲȭ⣬ڣʷ֡ΪԸʯҲòϣƲȭ⣬ʯҲҪݱ档ڣԴǿҲҪӵĿֲ
һȭ㾡ΪһȭҲҪĵʮ֮һĳ̶ȡֲ֮Ԥ
ҲǿݵǿᣬԴҲһʱѹԶȭ⡣ΪڶԷ֮ǰ֮ɱ
ȭͷ˶ԷϡţǱԴǿߣܵһȭҲȻҪˣοһ̥ĵ򾳣
һһУΪҺ
Уֳһ˿ȡ
ʮǰһĻУʱ治ɫĲĶһڶ飬ʵҲĶɼԷϵĲƸһַ
ҪĲƸЩԸô˵ֵĲƸֻҲ̫ˡ
ǵЦ⣬Խ
ȻһЦ⣬ֻǳϢ֮ıȴȻӲţȻɴ۾Уֳһ˿Ȼ֮ɫ
ⲻܣ
ʧһļ˳
һߣǽɫĻڻɢȥȻݱķѣĳ棬ȴδ֡еģƽĮ񡭡
ţɫĻȫɢȥ¶ݵΡϣ貣ûаֵŵĮƽ
ˡ
ݵУȴγǿ𺳣סһɴ۾
ⲻܣƲȭһǱԴǿҲܲ˷ֺ㣬㣡Уһӿˡ
ղžͿݵǿᣬȻһ̣Ȼγǿҵ𺳣Ʋȭ⣬Ȼֶû˵ݣ
⣬ʲô壿
۾һƬͨ졣ţһǰδеΣӿΣģһŨ˼µɱ
ҲţƲԣ
ٶȿһһȭȻӳڿУǻûһ޴ĽɫȭͷһΣɫȭͷȸղһҪʵһ֣ȭͷ֮ϵİԵ֮⣬ӵŨ
䣡
ɫȭȻӳɫ̲ס԰һ˲һȭ˸Ϊ֮
УһȭȻݺݵ޷ϡ
ҿ㻹ɫ
˲ҡ
ȻһΣǽɫĻȫɢƽ
ܣɫ˲԰ѪĺһĿ¶캧Ȼ
ɫĻɢݵٶȳ֡һΣϵĽɫâʼŨ˼֡
Ŀ⾲һ̧֮ͷΧաȻ󻺻̧֡
֮ǰıԴ֮ѹ֮£̧ĶȻڣѾ
Ŀ⣬ңԶǱߣڻ֮СѾͬ뼤սһ
һֲǱߴڻ֮Сӵż˿ֲԼɿⱾԴ֮ȻǿݵƾҲȫ޴ӵֵСȻѡ˵սѾƳȥ·ѾǻһƬ档ҲֻһЩΪҪĵطΪǹػδ
ǹԽԽƵʱ֪ȥЩطıҲֻʱѡ
ãǵսȻɢĿռ䵱У⣬·γһԴؾȻ죬Ҳռ֮ĵطûʲôֲನ
Դ￪ս˼ನĻֻ´пܱݻ١
Сı£ȻѾûʱˡѹݵıԴ֮ݵ⵱УΪȱٺ֮ӿ룬ѾԽԽ΢
ݻջĿ⣬ʱСһߣĿ⣬ϡ
֮ǰû̫Ķ⡣ֻΪֹԪ¼˲ôð΢Щ񣬵̸ϳӡ
ϼŵĽ׻ϣҲǿҪֻҪõǱԴԲһֱۡƺǶһơʱݣں
ݶɱģǽ顣
ʵΪ飬Ȼûбֳĵףʼһ鲻궯ڡŭħħһΡȻøħն𣬵һһɻѹĵס޴ӷй
żŷش󻪣ԸżҪҵƷˡΪֻȽ˺ż顭˵˺żԿ׵飬п뿪˵أش󻪡ԵӸѩ֪һǰƷڲŻ϶ѰҡΪмУ
£˶ѡ˳Ĭ˳Ҳˣܲ˵ֱӴ֡һ£ȴеһɻ
ټ֮ǰļ̽һɻԽԽʢյĽǣ˵һ޴ӻĻһ棬Ϊ̽һ棬ֺγҪҸڷй
ݲʥˣľΪߣνʥҲֻ𣬸οݣ
ֻҪҵˣȺĺ֮ǣȻ󾡿ķԼУԼ˶ѡǣȴε̽谭ǻʲôù˼ɵģ
һս
ݳĿУֳɱɫ𺳵̲סٶȺһ֮ʣȻһӦǲϵıԴ֮Ѿɢ
𵴵һĻҲ˲Ӧɫһ˲䣬ֳһ˿԰ס
ݣȴޱľĿһۡУһɱ


1093 һȭһ
ݻ뱻СסԶһһ޾㶼ӵбԴΪչĿռ䣬ƬƬ飬ֲӿݡ죬аϢȾ졣
ҪⱾԴǿչĿռ޸ˣ첨ನֻݺ񣬴˿ҲҪܵ
ʱҲɿСǿ֮ҺĪ׽ҪȻؾС治֪δá
һ˿׽ҲЩ̫סһЩ²⡭
ȻЩǽҪġҪģȽ˵
˵أĿɱʢɫâԽԽʢѪȫתĽ˿̣·һˡдֲܱߣһ˿˿ͬ֡˿ݵ壬Ҳ·һĿռ䡣
ݿһ̣ɫȻ䣬סһ͵һҧĶݡ
ڣѾû·ѾʾݡҲѾˮ˿ֻ̣սˣĶѾܡ
˵ݲݿϡˮ˵Ҳܿϣ
Ϊ֮ƣֵֻܼ֣С޽ôһоͺ˵ˡ
뵽ҧĸʵû뵽Ǹ󣬿ȥͬһСһСޣսȻߵ̶ֳȡԺͱԴǿƴ£ݵʲôˣô˾ˣõϹز˵õ˿ֲսޣ
Խ룬оԽǶʼɡһЩ⡣
֪ڲǣͲӦ÷Źӣƴűڴ뿪ϼ֮ͽɱҲһ˰ˡ˸λȨأ̥ǿߡʱԼһô룬ڲǶֵ飬Ϳ赭дĽҹȥҲýֽƵĵزˣ
кǺݣǺڵлʱǵ̫ࡣ
ȻڹڣҪ˵ȫȴҲڡݹȻǿᣬǿҲκβöԷҲ˰ˡԷҪҲһ׵顣ô˵Ҳ̥ǿߣãҲԼֵСޡ
뵽͵Ǳսֿһۡ
һߵսִȻ죬Դӿɹ⻪ڵסĿ⣬Ҳ޴Ӵ͸ʶ֪սֵʵô˵ΪɲҲˣֶεƣôҲܱһͷСˡ
ֻϣٶȣܸһЩˡ
񰵰š
Ȼ˼ŵʱݣˣ
ֻһݣ˻һɫ⣬һ磬˲Ϣ֮䣬ֱ
ֻǰһţɫȻ䣡
ʲôٶȣ
Ȼɴ۾֮ʣҲû룬ǱȻˡɼ˵һ˲䣬ݱݣѾǰ
ܣ
ȫסˣݵٶȣֱ
䣬ûľ֮ɫȭͷȻԴȥ
һȭžһգһɴֲֲϢУ·Ҫͣ٣оΣ·һȭ䵽ϣǲ©֮壬Ҳ
ݣ
һ̣ͻȻۺĿķһȣţϣֳһѪ⡣Ѫٶȴ쵽˼£գۼ䣬壬˲ޡ
Ҳһ˲䣬ݵȭͷӹһޡɢǧ֮⣬һѪɫӿ֣գۼ仯
˿̵ɫ԰Ѫ߸һĨѪɴ۾һŵĿݡ
Ҳһ£ջȭͷĿ¶ɫ
ٶȣԶԶ񡣻ȭһ˲䣬˵ʵҲֱͬһ磬ĹƣôҲӵĹȥ
ƫƫӹȥˡѪ⣬쵽˼£ȭٶȻҪٱڼ䲻ݷ֮䣬
ԴôȻȴһ˿ͬղһĻѪֵһ˲壬΢΢һ¡һ֮ǣȻֻһ£ȴѾ㹻ӳ졣
֮ƱԴȴһĲ࡭
ݣ
һ̣ӳȴҧгݵĺ˳ݵĿУױȵԹɱ
ıԴ̥֮Ѿܳʱ䣬ѾӴһ˿Դ硣ʼԴֻȫղŶһ˿ֵ֮ˡԺ
Ŀʱһ¶һ˿ЦݣȫıԴ֮ôôܶ༸Σ
أݵΣɲǼٶȻ磬ֱȥ
ɫȻ䣬һ˲䣬ļȻһ֣һӹĻ˲ϢҲǽӹĻֵ˲䣬Ҳ˸ǰ
䣡
ֲȻصݵȭͷǽ֮ϡ
ͷʱһҲֻһ˲֮Ȼɴ۾ȭͷ֮ĽӣֻһȭѾֳƣž֮Ȼ˲ϢĹ򣬽ӹĻȻ顣ֻһɾȻӿڣ͵һѪð㵹˳ȥ
ⲻܣڿУ˵˵ڶβܡޱȵ𺳡
ӣǵؽƷķﰡԵԴǿߵһ飡
ֻһȭӣȻˣ
ɴ۾֮ϣһСӡСӸֿռһ˲Ȼ飬ȥ˵˵ĹȱԴǿߣҪֲ
ɴ۾š
ؽƷмȻݲδ𺳣һǹСӣȴǵȻ˵漴ͣһΣٶȳ
˴˿̣ڻˣҲû룬һţʱ䣬һĻǰȫ
ЩĻнɫսףɫˮĻкɫĴ󶦣о޴ĴӰһܣ
һĻ߰˲㣬ȫ˵С
һȭٶȺһ㣬Ȼˡһ㣬ǽɫսףٶȵ֮ʣһսף룬飬ɢ١
ŶǵؽƷķȻôࣿݿűĲȴ̲סЦ˳۴Ц⣬ĿȴȻ
޵ѣл˵л˵˴˿̣ڻˣݵսȫȭֱӺؽƷķҪ֪ؽƷԴǿߵĹ赲һµġǰȻһ


1094 
ؽƷɲô׵õܶǿߣһûСУҲ಻һ
ϵĵؽƷв٣Ͼ̥ǿߣڲӸλЩõƸɷ͵ıҲֻ߰˼ѡһȭһ߰ȭҪһз顣
ȻؽƷЩҲȲϷͱġͱݶһȭһο
һȴȫܵŨΣҪסݡ
ʲô˵ģ
ݵ𣬿Ķȴûͣ١ѯ֮䣬һζ磬һȭϡǿٶȷɳͬʱһɫˮĻҲȻ顣㱼䣬һƿϵ漴飬ɢһա
ɫ˲ޱѿһʹһؽƷ飬һ棬Ǿŭ쳣
ݣѵҪҲô˳ۿѪ
ϻ
³֣ٶȳȥ
֣ɫȻǺ죬һ˿ҲУıȵˣƴ߷ҪҲҪն㣡
أļȻһţţһƬ⣬ļȻ֡
ͷһȻ֡
ôռĵؽױǿģļ㶼ǵؽƷؽƷƷǸࡣ
һ綼Ȼ˶ıһ֣γһϣĲһռ䶼΢΢
ȥ
һֱһ԰ټƵĵؽױ˲䳯ݳ˹ȥ
ۻȻǷͬСɣ
ЩؽױийӰû֣ųݡ
΢һ£ɫȴûжٱ仯θû˿ͣŵгȥ

ۿݵγһѱϸֳһ֮ɫзһȡ
䣡
ֲıըȻ
԰ټƵĵؽױԱǺεȿֲ
һ̣˳
˵ط·һСֲ̫Ȼϯһռ˲ƬƬ飬¶ޣһŹ⣬˽ȥռ𵴣ɫ䡣
֪Ŀֲ˲ʹһǰ̵ķȥ
ؽױﶼ飬һԱҲԱ֮ϣʶһ˲Ҫֲܵ
̥ҲԵֵסټؽױԱ
ɫĺš
ݴﵽ̥񲻻ѡԱ顭ΪǵؽױԱȻǱȲƲȭġݲ̥оһ˿ᡭǲ©֮˵깥Ч
ܿס𣿣
ɫ£ĿС̫һı˽ȥ
Ȼûüһݵƽ
١
һȣļȻعâʢһƬɫ⻪գۼ䣬ɢ˳ݱ֮أһƬո֡
ʲôĵؽ׷ﱣڵе۾Ȼɴ󣬼Լġ
ըܺȻһɢĵ㣬ׯϵݣŷһƽվԭءĿ⣬ĮĿԼ
ͷƤ˲ԡ
ټؽױԱȻҲ޷˵ݣ
ɴ۾

Ȼعеķһãţһ֣һָ赭дĳ񣬵һ¡
ˣ
ָڿУȴĳˮ֮ϣÿռ䶼һɲơռ䲨̼䵴ɢһ̣ͷȴֳһв·ĳһ˲䣬߲ؽƷ谭֮£һָȡ
ݣ
ֵһ˲˳һѪɫȻӿ֡
ǰĵؽƷγɵĹ֣Ϣ֮䣬Ȼ顣
žžžž
Ļһ˲䣬Ȼ顣ӰҲһ˲䣬飡
ǧ֮⣬ɫӲ԰׵֮֡һѪĿݡϵϢήҵ˼£·ʱܵ¡
ⲻܡʲôɫ԰׵ૡ
ԺУһУȫʧֻʣ֮ǰһָһָƽͣ赭дķ·𲻴˿
ǵУȴһױȵİԵǰԵ˲ٵؽƷҪٴζ˲ȫıԴ֮ǰԵͻҪ
Уһθֳ˺ڡһΣǺڵûݶ֡ǺڽգΪҪóȻ
ѹ
ݶԼǳѹûκεֿ֮ѹ
ϣһθֳ˿־塣
ӣ
һδԺиֹ뷨һ̣Ƶð˳һð񼸺ҲûеֿͷļȻһתƿնȥ
˵ʲôҲûˣݰҪɱΨһģӣӵԽԶԽã
Ӳ
תɳϢ֮һӰ
ðûһۣбȣݣ
˫۳ѪһѪɫٶȸ֡
䣡
һ⣬͸塭Ǹǧ֮⣬ͷҲص˳ȥϵϢһ֡
ݵڿһ˲һΣٶȻ⡭
˵Ӳ
ߣٶȻصݵ
ݰһѪٶȶòȫıԴ֮Ϣٶήң·֮ҪϨ
Զ֮ǰѪӰ֣һ͸Ӱ
һΣڰ֮⣬˳
ۣ
Ѫ·Ѿͣ۵ˣѾ˼¡
ңϢ΢ĴšٶȣȸղţڿУģ·ʱҪˤȥ
񣡡ңԶսе˳ŭȣݣ㣡󣡡
𣡣Ȼֻһ˲ʱСִ־ŭĴһûֻһӿֲĺԶص
Уֳ֮ɫ
ĴΡĲıԴֻ֧֮Ĵôƽ
һתͷɫ԰׵ûһ˿ѪɫһŨµƣ·ʱܻԡݵԹµɱ
Σͣ£ҧгݵĿݣɱңһڣ
ôݿһۣ漴ͬԷϻһȭԴȥ
һڣзŭ𡭡
⣬һ仰
žһ죬ԴֱӺ顣
ڿһţʧȥе·صȥ
ȴһ֣ʱʧȴǱ˴С
ݵĿ⿴һߵսšһΣ˹ȥ
ǣСļսڣ


1095 ʹ˴ס
ռ䶼ںҡз·ѾЩȶСս֮бԴ֮ڣĿԿ͸޷
ԳǿᣬѪֻҪǳϵıԴָܹ֮ʶڻɱ֮λζ䣬СĽս֮˹ȥ
ܿģڿս֡
ֻСϺɫƣпֲͣ˫ĿѪ죬˫צ֮ϣһѪÿһ˻˺ѿռ䣬ֲܿ
һߵ룬²űԴ֮ҧгݵСսһʱԿѾ˱һǹǹ֮лƣǹⲿλлȼգһһǹǹżữ֮ԴȼС
ÿʱСͳǻ֮Դֱ¶СⱾԴ֮붯õĳСҲɡһһ޵ı鶼£Ѿǽ뵽˻˵Ľ׶Ρ
䣡
һǹСצһʱͬʱɳǧɣײ֮ĿռȻѣ״ನɢȥ
СסΣڿл˻Դиֳһ˿ƣֻһ֮󣬱һٶȷһ˻ȥ
һΣȴûеһʱӭȥɫЩףСٶɫѿһҧּɫ⻪֣Уһƿ
ƿһΣʱɸ֣Ũµʱ
һף֮ȥʱһֲɫۿӵٶȺת
飿
ݵĿʱһ
ȻǱԴǿߣԴϾޣҲûа취ʱһֱñԴ֮սǻ羳ǿ߲еԺ𡣶ҲЩǣСȥ״̬Ҳ۷塭
æȥȻСѪҲֳһ˿ƣӡսе˿ͣ٣·ħ
ߣΪֻô
ݶʱһС𣡡
أֱһ֣׳һƿ
Сڿݵæתͷÿ׳ƿ¶һĨɻ
ȥ
˵
Сԣû˿ɣһתʱƿ˹ȥһ죬֮ס
ֻ°һ죬ʱһռ䲨Сдռ䲨ǿңСԴ֮ȥοһռ䲨벻⡣
ſռ䲨ģһŨµ
СʱܵŨ۾ʱ°;׽˼£ƿȫҧ飬ֱȥ
ʱҲӿֲֳϵë˲䶼࣬ڵķ⡣
ݣһߵ룬ʱſݡɫһ䣬æԶһԶĿռһƬ뵣ȴûҵҪˡ
ˣѾɱˡƽ
ɫʱֳһ˿ݣ֮󣬲ŵҧҳϣЩСˡ
֮ǰĻѡ˺ƤһЩСսһ棬ҲΪԼ߶һ񡭡͸оݵйŹ֣һ̥˵ܹѹסһʱǿԵİɣ
СȻΪֻҪ㹻ʱԱĥҪԷĥֻҪСһݻֵ
û뵽Ŷ೤һʱ䣿ԼȫĺСսȥˣ񣬾ȻǱݸɱˣ
Ǹ
ҧгݵš
ôҪȥôı飬ƽѯʡ
ϵԽŨ۾żֺ⣺ôΪԶˣ
ңֻǾ¡СսĳֻҪվͲȡʤ֪ǲţ
ƽҡҡͷ˵Ļȴʱһ漴Ĭ
Ȼ룬벻òϡݵĻû
Сޱ൱ΨһģͱСûУȴǶǡݿϼŵϣ۾ûգһ£Ͷһڶȥɼҵ֮
ʵȻԼڲôҲۻ˲ٵĲƸ顭ҪõһϹŵͳȣû̫ĵ
Ĭȴ̾һ󻺻˵ŭħѩ֮ԼǽŭħԵ֮ʱ˵ģĳǼΪġΪ˲ȺΣƸо綾֪ҩڵ֮£Ȼѡزüȥȡҩݴ壬ֵκһѧϰĳõ˰ǲݣҰǲһĳмôĳȻѡ֮Ϊһݾ塣
֮Ǵ̽ԣĳϵĶ̰ʵݾ壬ѾȻ޴档
Ͼǲ˵ǱԴǿߣϡ㻹һЩֶβδóĳͬˡսȥ㻹ĳ¶ֲʲôáʱƽ档ĳȻǲ֮ˣȴҲԸʹ߿֮£ԡ֮£ʹ˴ס㿴Σ
ݾĿ룬ȴ˵Լﻰ
ʵԸ뽻񡭡²ãҲ뽻񡣵û취Է̰ȴ³Ҫ
񡭡ĶԶԷɱġ
Ȼ˵ԷҲ̥ǿߣҲ񣬲ֹһΡڶʮǰԾ¼ʱͶ˲
һΣǿ˵ƷعĽգֻΪһ֮˽ͿԺǵѡóȻԼҳͻȻֵһݱ̬ҲǼΪҪһأݲڡ
һΣȻѡ
롭ȻҲˣΪǲ֮һƾһ㣬ҲĽɱˡ
һ̥취ԲȡһԴǲɾ鷳ˡ
ݵĻȴһЩı飬ȴһ˿ģȴǳĬ
·ʲôҲδԴšݽС˻С۾Ȼżֵ⣬롣
֮룬۾һ
Ҳգվ˰ɡû뵽СһΡߣ
Ļ뷨һƬҲûвģһ֮һ֣ʱһƬռ䣬ɢؼա
͡
һ֮󣬵Įڣתɳǹȥ
·ݵһأһƬǽ壬񱾸þסĵǿߣȥ˲ıԵԼֻڡƣԲδʲô
ǹһĿУ¶˼⣬ȴŤͷ˲Ƿ
һڣҲڡķҲһһӰֱǶȥ
뿪˲䣬תͷȥ΢΢üû˵ʲôһ֮Ŀ̣ȴһֱųĬİߣȴ̾һ


1096 ֵռ
ŲǵķݺСƿնȥ
ڿУݿС
С֮󣬾ѾȫָһҰ죬ƻζģżݣֺúڴ֮ɫֻѪ۾ȥȴЩȡ
ȱɡСĲЩεҡҡͷ
Сһ£˼ӡʱϵʱɢģɫëҲ˰ɫȻĸֺá
Ц۾Ҷʮôô
˵仰ȻЦţȴֳһ˿⡣
ĶС۾
СݵĻȴһȣƺ̫ݵ˼ȻһֺõĿݣβҡѡݿֻܿһƬ׽·ֻΨһˡ
һһޣôãڣݰԺкС֮һĻĻļȻ³һ۵׵ĺվǻɢȥ
ôСδӡȻҲǶϱʲôСı֣ٻ֮ǰСΪ뼤սηģݶûٻСʲô㡣
ϷҲˡ
ݿЦҡͷóϣС׽ʵûκΰ취ΪһĪĻɣͽС뿪
ٸһ㣬ɲŶ
СһֺõģЦ˾ϡ
ֶּһƿֱӶС
С۾ʱһæһڽסʱ°ҧ飬ƿ飬ĿռҲѣʱӿ˳ССʱ¶һܵģ
ս赱Сԡ¶Ҳֻܸɳˡ
СһģͷҲʱ¶Цݡ
Ҳٶ룬ŲǷӿٶȡ

ݺСӹŲǷеʱ֮⣬ȥѾ㼯˺Щˡ
Щ˵鶼һƬأڲ֮Ѿȫ򿪣һǹ⣬ǰ˵Ŀû֪淢ʲôڷʲô
ǵɫЩأüͷȴû취Уֻﾲȴ
ſڵǿߣȴɵۣӲվſڣɴ۾ǰһˡ֮ڣ͸֮ǣȴܿˡ
⣬⵽Ƿʲô£ʲôҪô⣬Щǣôȫˣһˣŵ˼£˵Щˡ
ǰĶʲôˣ
˸ʯ֮һϼݺ֮һľšɢ޻ˡơҩһҫʦ
ЩˣƽʱǶײβĴڡǶһ½ҪȻڣǶ֮⣬һƬء
Ǹ֮򾳣оһɿֲѹǽţ·ҪϢ
򾳶𾪵޴ʱԶգһ⻪ƿնʱ֮⡭
յӰ֮ϵѾľ
һڵĽҲˡ
ףô£ǵ򾳿ڸٶʳ⡣
˰죬ȴ˻ӦæŤͷȴԵͬ飬ƣһ˷ܵ˶ͷϡ
һɵҲȡԼƣһ˿˵Ŀռ䡭
̫ˣֵֵأ˸֮һһİҲŽСİȻʶƺǿܿҲ̥ĴǰҲһˣǽյڶνȻ󡭡֮ǿڡ֮⣬һѴﶼһշ·ĳ֣Ҳ֪Ƿʲô¡
򾳽˿ռ֮󣬶ʱͿһĿϢʱһ㶣ȴǿЦá
˿̣Ϣ֮иϢѾƵĽ֡
ѵİˣʯԣ֮ǰɨˣ
ӸˣǺʹ˷˳ͻô
ܲ˴ս˰ɣͷǲô󵨰ɣ
Щ˶ʲô棬Ȼ˼ڶô˸һǾˣ
ǽʧ
Ϣ֡
˿ռѾһƬ֮ǰѾעϢһø˶˵С
ЩϢЩǵĺ棬иˣȴǵǡ
Ҫ֪ع飬̥κһǿߣںάϵƽ⣬ʲôʱͻɱʱ̥ǿߣȻ˼ڧһҪһʲôôһ£пܴ΢ƽⰡ
ʱô죿
˶ţϢУҲ¶һŭ䲻ζ
Ҳ̫ǣͷأλǲ鷢ġ
λǱԴǿߡǳԤ̫ġ
˵ֻ֪ʯȥ˼ֹһˣ˭ڣ
Ȼ˵ǣȴĺסԴǿ߲ӣԵ̫ģʳһ⡣
ʱ֮ǰΪ0258179ˣٶȷϢʯ֮⣬ǿߣϼˣҩʦҫʦղŽҲˡ
ǿư
ЩˣƽʱܿһˡһξȻôࣿ
̥˵ìܣڣѾ֮ˡȺΣĸ߶֮ϡЩǹעҲ֮е顣
ȻϢٴ䶯
ʱһҪ˵˵
ͬȡ
һϢٶȷɿĳ֣á
Ƭ֮󡭡
һƬĿռ俪ˣѾᣬһ˵
0258179ţٶȷһϢȻ˳šһ£ȴĸˣĶ
ףηչ
ͬһʱ䣬򾳣Ťͷ󡭡Ǳߣ֮ǰһرⱻأѾɢ
һ֮ٲҹעƿռϢǰĵȴ
ǲûеȵ̫ãģ֮Ҳǹ貵״̬Ļָ˿ӵģһǿߣҲ˲ĵǣʱֹ»⣬̧ͷڡ
ʱ⻪˵С̧ͷȥȴһ㶡Ϊɳģ֪Ϊ񡣶һİĿꡣ󣬻һ

˵鶼ЩŹգۿš
ΨʯĿЩ󣬲Ƭ֮Ȼɴ۾¶Ȼ

૳·ϳ˷ɳꡭ


1097 ̥
ݷɳʱ΢һ£ڴһȺˡЩˣ̥ǿߡ
ֻһ֮󣬱ͻعζ֪Щ˸Եɡ
΢Ĭһ£˹ȥ
ݿȺ˵ͬʱǣҲͬݡ
ˣǸղŶɨô
ݿſ̥ǿߵʱȺǿͬҲڴĿУż̽ζȻڿƬ֮󣬺һ¶˼־ȣϢ̫ǿˣϢǲ©̥֮
˵ģҩʦ
ʣʶһҪĶ࣬νúԶ͵ȷϵ쳣
ô˵Ҳһ㶣Ȼæϸ۲һ£漴Ŀж¶ɫ
Ȼߣ̥
˭أ
ţɻǸΨһĽӴҲ֮ǰɨʱǼ仰ѡݱˣһ֪
˶Щɻʱʯȴһӭݷ˹ȥ
ʯ˶һ¡
ֵܣһʮأɻǵùˣ
Ȼ󣬼˾ʯĻﴫʱһһʯĹˣ
ǱߣݿʯɳкҲ¶һ˿Цݣȭʯˣþò
˵˵ԭŭħ֮һֱûһѾ뿪˲ءʯݹЦ
ݣʯкøеġһ£Ҫָ㣬³ֻ¿ǡ
£Ǿ壬ʯҲõȡϾ£ʱ˫۾˶֪ǼµıڵԼû취屣£Ȼһǧɡ
ΪݵһһжõȣʯУͦмݵġ
뵽£ʯ֮̾£ûüмֵء
һ֮󣬱׹Цλûˣ
ţֵ֮ԣԷȻ¶ţûˡ˵Щʱ޿ֵ̲ʶһ£лءղײգֵܾ͸ʯĳһˣú׽׽ʯЦ
֮ȴЦҡҡͷûʱ䣬ĳм˽Ҫһ¡
Ŷʯһ£ܿЦУֵæˣپۡ
Цŵ˵ͷĿ⣬ȴǿ·ſͣĵǼλ̥ǿߡ
ʯʶλѣܽô
ϼݺһŮӡһɫȹӺݣ΢΢һЦǵʯ̸һ֮ȻһЦһ˫ȴµĶݡ
ʯһ£漴ȴЩЦĿݺЦϼĿɲλλϼŵĹ֮һ㾹Ҫܣ
ʯ⻰ݺһ£Ա߼̥ǿߣǴһ˲
Ҫ֪ϼŵĹ֮λɲô׵õġÿһϼᣬߣܵõһ١ǵе̥ǿߣҲԵõġϾϼŵ鲼ȺõͿȫﶼ԰۹á⵱еļֵǷǳӴġϼţҲˡ
ǰİˣȻϼŵĹ
˶Щ
ݺգĿݣƺڻʲôƬ֮ͻȻ۾һݵ£һ챾ϣ԰ʮһڽ鹺һݣ
΢΢һ£˵ͷҲڿλˡʱϼŵȺ󲿷ֵĵǿ߶ǰ˵ģʱ;ô䱳֮ˣֶο϶ҲǷǳû뵽Ȼһ˶
ЩݺòֶεʱԱߵˣҲЩ
ݣݣ
ʮǰϼϣˣ
ϵģݵ֣Ⱥ̥ǿߣȻȫһǵɴ۾ĿžȣҲ̽
Ϊ¼²˵ĿⶼϡϣصķĶߣȻҲЩ˵ߣͬҲ䵽ߵϡ
ټ֮ҵŭħѰݵжӡǶСˣվļλ̥Увˣ궼ѰҡǱˣҲ˼
û뵽ѰŵݣȻ񣬾ôĪĳǰˣ
̥ǿ΢ʱһЩȻ
Ǵ֪񾿾ΪҪ֮ǰǰ󶯸ɸˡ
ֻǡȴ֪龿ηչġΪв
ͬʱҲһ˿֣ݣżǻᳯһۡ
ǿɲ֪Ѿݸɱˡ
ȴ⼸̥ǿ֮⣬ſ˵ĵǿߣͬҲЩ𺳡ǿݡݵͷȻͬİ
Ͼ飬ֵ÷зġǱҲǲ֮һҲŭħҵݣȻȡĲƸ
ֻڿֻܻһˡ
һۣЦкԾļ䵱
˵Ĳλɣ
̥ǿͷʯȴЦǺǵĿڡݺҲ¶һ˿ЦҡͷȷǷݺĲԡ
ʯˣĳ»иˣ˽´֮ʯ˾۾ۡλ롣ݴ˿̣ȴǿˡʯ˵֮ٳ༸̥ǿ΢΢֡
̥ǿԶһ£ǹǿʲô£ȴǿ˸Īݳˣأ
оϸЩͬȴ˵ﲻͬ
ѵˣΪ˱ݣ
һȺ̥ǿ߶ЩˡݸǣҲǿȻǶΪ̥ԼҲܵǿδ֮ǰҲûóȻʲôж
˵⻰ǳż˵˵ͷһŲǷȥһֱεСҲæȥ
Ŀ뿪ִ֮˵أĽĿȴļȻһСƬ֮Ȼֳһ˿𾪡·𿴵ʲô˼֮¡
ǡһ㶵ĿСԶȥ
֣ôˣԵĻˣı飬һ㶣ѯʡ
ŻعСһۣȴվҡҡͷ
ӦòԼǡ
ţЦû¡
ˣȥûʲô·ʲôǹǸģĸһ뷢԰׵ߡ뿪ȴЩ˵


1098 
϶Ƿʲô£ҪȻֲܻȥɡǰ׷Ҫ𷣡֮ǻȥɡһֱĬľţȴǿ˵
ԣǿ
ʯȴƲƲ죬ȥɣҲȥˣûе¶Ҫһ¡ʯ˵꣬ת뿪
Ŀʯ뿪ҲΡ
ʯ񲻺ͣѾһˡľź񽻺ȴҲǲ˾֪顣ľҪȥ飬ʯȻǲȥġ
ʯУͲùء
Щ飬ղ
˺ûʲô϶ģľŵĻǵ״ǵ˵ͷ׼ǰ
ȥɡ
ȻŸһϵȴļȻԺһȺ̥ǿ߾㶼һ̧ͷԶ
ǡ
ݺһ£ţ̥ǿ߶¶˼Ȼ֮ɫ
֮ͨռ䴫ǲġʱȻѾ̣ꡭ֮Уȴģʱ¶һ棬ʱ䣬㶼ڣǲص
˿̣һµķȻ˵ˣ
ʲô
ǵʲôҲûѾʲôˣ
һ̥ǿ߶ԭأĿ˸Ƭ֮
ݡݣ˵˽£Ȼйأ
ҩʦһعĻһڣ༸̥ǿ߶ǻعɫ䶯һصĵ˵ͷһˣ˳ȥ
Ѿ뿪ȻټôҪŪʲô£ֻܸݡ
һȺ̥ǿ뿪ʱĳһ֮Ŀ߳³һżǡ·ŹһۣƬ֮εҡҡͷ
屾Ƕ֮ַ顭
̾һ״̬ɲáȻȥһĿˡ
ϾжСսҲͬСɡһսڵĶأҪɢС˰ɣ
Ŀ߳ĬƬ̣վ۾
Щ飬ԸΪתơȻΪԴǿߣ̥ǿ߻ѹҪǵ˼άȴǲ̫ܵġ
̥ǿߣÿһ˶ʼԼĵżΪᶨġǲԶҡġǿѹҲþܶҡ䱾ġ

һȺ̥뿪Ŀ̾ϢʱſǿߣȴǴãȻһۣ˱˴еĵǡ
ӣǷʲô¡ղżλҪ棬ȴͻȻ뿪Ȼλеĳһλˣ
ȥ֮ûٳ֮ǰ֮
ֹжٶһЩ²⡣
²̫ˣǲš
Ҷ鵽ôˡô죿ҪҪ˵һһĬĬóƣһۿռ䵱еϢ֮ȴЩε˵
һ˴һ£Ƭ֮վҡҡͷ
ղЩҪȥͻȻ뿪ᵽ˷ȻǷǽȥ¡ǻǲҪٶĺá˿Ц˵
˵ҲǡһҲЦĵ˵ͷռ˵ʲôˡ

һķǲ֪ġ˿̵ڸǡ
ķһŪʲôطûϵղ뿪λѾҵˣڵȥɣбȻĸܹҵλá
һ·ɣɫ糣ȴһЩʲô
ܿģ˲ǣ޴ĳгУ·ˮһ
ݲ̫ɧһ·ȴڣʲô
СҲÿռ֮ȻҲһգ޴Ӳ
ʱ·һ޴ĽȺС˵أ֮ǰڵλá
ȺнưΧֽƣݣȴͬ衣
۸üĴֻһɨ֮ݶѾȻġⱾӡǷǿԶ
ָֻһţʱһ֮Ƭ̣Щ֮ׯ԰ĽƵУֻ΢˸ʱһСݽһ磬ѾС
һɨʱׯ԰һжСһԺ䵱Уۼʮǿߡһաׯ԰һУС
վڿУȴûܿ·һȺǿߣ˿ȴЩǣΧԵЩء
ֻһۣݾͿˣʱ֤ʵĲ²ȷġ
ˣŭħУ͸ѩһ֮ؾ䣬ȴֻʧһ߷
ҲȻˣԼϢ֪֪ԼǺ͸ѩһͬģԼԸѩׯ԰ʱ򣬱ԼݣӶ̽Լ
ˣģˡŭħʱ򣬲Լ˵Լֵʱ鶼¶𾪣Ȼм˸ʱԼδ⡣û뵽
Ȼ˴һʼˡȻҲ֪ԼһìܣܿԼŭħ֮󶼻ģµԼ˲ŻὫԼϢ֪
վԭؿţȴûеһʱȥǰԹ۲š
һŸ򾳣ʱ鶼ЩǣšģˣǽŵУɫżֲ԰ס
ᣬʲô¶˰ɣڣģ˵У΢һˣ԰ɫ̲סˡ
ܳʲô¶ߣ˵п̥ǿߣѵ˾Ҫ֪ھ뱾ԴҲһ֮ңѡĻŸճڣʱһ˱һ˵
ݿ˵ˡһģˣ°ͺܼ⣬뷢԰ףȥһֺĸо
ռ䵱жѾˣʯһ̥ǶأȴҲ֮ɼп϶Ƿʲôˡüͷһȴ˵
ôѲ˵˻Կôɫһ䣬漴ȴ˵
治Ǻ֮ˣۿڼ̵ʱɱһͷħ껹˵ʲô
ħȻħȷ̥ﲻϾȫʧܸȣϻıĴСǽħɱȣߣɥ֮Ҫᣡ򣬵ȴ˻ߣ߶ʱĻɫ˵⻰˵˵ڷԷڼᶨԼġ
Ǹ꣬ٵ˵¡еУ̥ǿߡ˵ʯ


1099 ɺ
ֻڣʯҲԸǡԻƽ¡
˵ĳˡǿɾ治˵ˡƾǣʧȥӻõȵʯ֣ǵˣԽ̵Ĺͷʣһ
ԣԸµġ
ɫĻģٲҶԣȴԽࡣʱʱóƣռڵϢĿǰΪֹûʲôϢ
Ȼ֪ŵǿߣΪķѾڵһʱ佫˵ˡڿռϢ뻹ڲ²⾿ʲô£Լ֮һʲôݡ
ǻ֪Ѿ뿪̥ǿѾ뿪δֵ顭
ȻǸ벻˽ƣʵ˿̵ݣͷ
˵ûǡݲŰȡ˰ǲݻ£ݰ
һǿߣȴɫǵ˵
ŴԣһԽ
ȷ֮ǰûǵⷽ顭
ԣȴ¶һĨΡ룬ͲǹЩˡ
ΣҲɱ˴˰ɣʲô˵սԶΪҪҪΣԶʱŭ˵
ǵһҲǵ˵ͷ
ȷ̥սǼΪҪġݣȴܲܽӸ˸ɱ˰ɣ
˭˵ܣ
ڴʱһƽȴǺԺеĵǿȫɫһ䣬͵̧ͷĹˡ
˭
ɫ仯Ŀдž衭⾯Ŀ⵱УͷϷգȴǽŤƬ֮һӰǵǰ
ݣ
ɫ糣ͷ·ǿߡ
㣬˭뿪֮ʱ˽ơ㣬ôģ
һݣǿǾ㶼ɫ䡣⸮ۡŽƵġ뿪֮ǰ˽ƣ˵Ӧڲǵˡ
˶ۿݡ
ߣɫ˲ãĶݣ¡˭
ͨղŵĹ۲죬ѾȷߣӦþĸ⣬ݲشֻǵһ֮󣬱ǽĿ⣬Ͷģӡ
ģӣֻһۣѾϳ˵ɫ˲԰׵ûаѪɫֹס޴̧ͷݡ
ǲ֪Ƿ֪ǽ͸¶񡭡
߼ûлشԼ⣬ǿһߣɫʱȴ˳Ŀ⿴ȥ
һ֮ĿȻһҲ˵顣
ޣݡ
һˣૣɫףЩǵǿߣǺݣǸʲôǡ
ݣݣ
Сȴ˵ĶĿһĻ˶ǴһæŤͷС⣬ݣ
ˣǣأôû
˲䣬˶뵽⣬Ȼ˵ɫЩ԰û˸˵ԺĿ·˲
ƽվգСԹԵԼëû¿һۡ붼û취עοЩ򾳣
ɾôĬҲûͷųʲôѹһȺ򾳣ȴоԽԽأʼü
ǿߣ
Ҫͷѹֻվη壬ڣԼоĪѹ
ߣһ̣˵ĶݣĿУҲ¶޴롣
ݳĬĶ·ĵ򾳣ȴ˼ŸδȺˡ
䣬й¶Լٵˡ
Ĭע֮£ɫԽԽףĸԽԽ·ʱһƨڵءһĻ΢΢һ£Ƭ֮ȴһ̾Щʧ̾ǡҲ棿
ݵĻĺֻƬ֮Ⱥ˶ǻعʱɫһɽţĪ裬ȴɢȥŭԡһǺеη壬ȴȻ
һԵЩɺ
Ⱥ˶ŭĿӣƿڴԶֱָ⡣
ǵǿߣӦѾԼĵֱ֣ȴų˼¡ˣ츳ںã·Ҳޡ
ݲΡ֮ƷĿУ֪ڵһ뿪żֹ֮ԪǵΪѡ˵ǵлһԭϡǿƵֹԪʱûаֵֿ֮ΣȴǱֳԼİǡƷΪӡ
ºƷ˵Ҳ˵İǱʾ͡
ˣֱսп֮·۷塣
⼸ˡ
ݿǣȴҡҡͷ
ǶϰʹȻѾϰ˼£ȴ˵׳־˰ɣ
ţȴû˳ͷǵ˼ˣ治ֵݹϡ
뵽ݿߣƽںεأ
ƺȫû뵽ݻͻȻʳ⣬һʱЩ㶡
üͷʱ΢΢һٶʵķʲôط
񣿷㣬ʲô˼ڻعԷеĻ֮ȴһ΢΢
ȴδشֻǾĿĿУȻ˼ֲ͡
ңҲ֪ƺеĲͣʱһæ˵üͷһ壬Բ̫ŵʱæ͵ޣ޴ˣ˵ġ֮պķ뿪˲˵ȥɱ壬ʵ򡭡˭Ҳ֪ȥʲôط⣬ģС˲
֪
ݵüͷʱĶߣȴ֣̿ȷα˼һ£ȷ֪Ϊ˵´֮Լһ·ȷҲпܵġ
ӣȷҲˡ
ݳĬƬ̣󻺻³һ
ҲգɣҪҾôңǺҵˡ
Ȼ뽫ķҲһͬ𣬵ȻҲҲͲپᡣ
뵽Ҳٶ˵ʲôתҪ̤ա
תһ˲֮ȴͻȻһ٣Ŀ⣬һȥ΢΢üȴ·ʲô
룬վһ̤ٳ֣ѾڲԶһ֮ǰ
һȺæתĿ⣬ݡǰ֮ͣ󣬼򾳶˴еȻ
͸ݿסһЩ㶣㲵Ůӡ
ͨӦ֪ŮǵǿߣȫΪȴѾˡ


1100 ΪΣ
ŮӣݲûⲢݲ²ݡ
أ

Ǵ֮ϣ֪ʲôŮӻ΢΢һ̧ͷ͸еݣȴһƬãȻ
⣬ȴ̾һ
֪ŮӵݡʵϲѲ²⡣
ʯۡȳŮ֮ԼܾŻһַʽ塣
Ůǵ¼еĵһǡīá
ڵʯ˵ʱݾͺǸпī塣ʱΪޣȻģȴҲûа취ʲôЩź
һ߷ĸۡ⸮ۡУʵ٣򾳣ȴҲֻôŮӣ֮Ȼǵ򾳣ȴûʲôзӡ֡ĿУʵ۲
ЩҪ²Էݣ治һرѵ顣
û뵽ͦţصҲȫȻûпȡ֮аţ漴ش㶵ģ̾һīҲһ֮Եǡ·뿪
ī֣Ůӷ·ޱȵħԭã۾֮˶һţȻʵݣ촽㣬˵ʲô
·ò˵ЩƸ档
Ҳ֪νͣҲĽͣ΢΢ҡҡͷһ֣һ˿ֹ֮ʱ͸ӿصڡ
֮ϵͻȻһţסˡ
Ѿʧȥ˽ʮһ̣ļȻӿ
ַӡԱӡеޡֻһۣɽ
ͻȻӵȴһʱЩ޴룬һ͵أ̾ȥԼذɡ
˵⻰ת̤ա
ǰ
һֱ뿪زŻعæкһȴѾƿȥû˻Ӧ
æһǼӣ̧ͷѰңȻҲġ
һߵĵǿǣĿ̣ǿǰͣƬ̣ƺǶĳ֮󣬱ת뿪رг˳
Ӧϵ֮еǿ߶һλݣΪˣֶΣҲʮֿɲѹ֣ɵ˶ûв£뵽⸮ۡС
뵽Щ򾳱ЩǿǼǵöԷġ
ķ˵ʲô˵ǰһѾ˰
һ߷УУ˵ˣ
Ȼ룬ȴǡǰߵĿԣ󣡡ȻһóȻĵŶûնԸֱʹʧһ߷
һʱ䣬е򾳶ԭأȻֲ֪ȥδӵĸо
ָоܿͱơΪһ󶯵ͻȻеæֵ̧ͷȴǷ֣Уһ˿Ť
ƣƳƣ߶ʱعȴɫ䣬̻̲֪ʲô¡
ʱһӰƿնƬ̣ԺϿա
ȺͻȻˣԺеĵǿǣͳͳһ
ʯݺľšҫơ
һˣȻȫ̥ˣ
̥գһɿֲѹ˲併СԺ䣬еǿڴ㶹æ
λǰ
ǹȻȴѡ
أ
ǵ̥ǿ߶δ⣬¿һȦ֮ʯŵѯʡ
ʯˣݸո뿪
˵ݵλߣʱȻһʯעԼȴòڣֻǽͷ̧ͷ
ո뿪ʯüͷ΢ߵˣΪ£
⡭ɫ԰һ˲ʯ⣬֪ԷŻ֪ܲ˵ϾֻҪһ˵Ҷܲµǳ״ˡʯѯʣθҲ˵
ֻǶһ£ӡһġ
һ
ߵĻشʯʱ˿Աߵ̥ǿǣ̥ǿߵ飬һ˲Щ
ӡ񣬹Ȼˡૡ
û뵽Ȼˡݺ֮ϣҲֳһ˿ɫ
ѹ֮ûгҪȥһֱ̽һеĲ²⣬Ѿ֤ʵˡ
˵ЩӣҪ˵ӵģҪʯ˲֪ͷһֱǸʤʵûгԶҲûռ̫ˡһΣУȴһĸͷˡ
һ߷׶Σһģɾ޾ĲƸڣܶණƸ򲻵ġ
ܹе̥ķϿһҪٴһݣҪʱ䣬ҪԵ
ش䣬֮ƾճ塭ǿ統һĴײԵѾǲˡ
һεĸͷԵеء˵ǳأ
ֻǲ֪֮֡ǡ֣֮Щص˵
ǽȻͬǰߣֻ˵һ֮ˡߡ˵ϣжһֲǿߣ
Ҫ֪̥Уɲߡ˵ӦöǿߡڳˣҲֻлѹһͷݺҫƵˣܻԲһЩ
ˡСݣֵעˡ
ǽύ
ǰߡľŻ˵ЩĿ䡣
Կȴδ˵
ľźͻȻһ߷ľжŭҲ
ҵôʯȴҡҡͷǰߣ˴ݲѵͲķ⸮ϣӶɱô
ʯĻü̥ǿ߶Ե˵ͷ
ҡƫ̻ݣҲȻȡʲô棬ǸҲ᲻˼塣ʯҡͷ
˼ɱ񣿡ľȴһҲ˵ûС˵ҲȻֹɣΪλˣ㲻˵ݣѾ˶Կ˰ɣ
仰ʯ΢΢һϣҲĬ
ʵϣ⣬Ҳü̥ǿ߸еɻĵط
ǿٴ飬ҲܳϾⲿѹŵġȻȨ֮һЩڴǴ֮ϣȴܹյסġԸ⿴ǿڧԶһεǿߡ


1101 ͬͬգ
Իٳǡ
ȻˣΪˣ
ǣȻ󲻳ġ˭ţһ򾳣һ̥ǿߣһԴǿߣȻǿɱһˣʹһ˲òʹ˰֣
벻ס
Ψлһ¶˼ǵ飬ü΢΢·ʲô
οҲΪɱ񡭡ǿҲվҲֻһ򾳰ˡѾ̥һǿ󣬻ΪҲӽվǲһߡľɫĵ˵
̥ǲ©̥֮٣εһԾǨս̥ʤ֮𣿵ȻСЩˣһ֮ʣһ
ݣľŲΪ߱
ʵڶʮǰֵ÷зġѰޡ¼֮ǰŹ֡
ʯľŵĻȴǰƲ졭ȻΪĹϵľŵƨɴһʼġٶ˵ʲôҲ棬ȥɡ
뵽ʼ磬
һ̥ϵĸϹȴԼҪӣĿǰ˵ҪŪǺѵġҵݣѯʡֻ˵ô룬飬ҲԽ͡
ʯѯй顭ߵȷҲδ˵ѣǰ֮պһ߷뿪˲˵ǽɱ壬ȥȴ֪ȻҲû취֪ʯˡ
һ̥ҲʲʲôҲͷ׷ȥȥ֮ǰݺ˵ĺʯ˵˼䡭˵оʯΪϤʯ´μݵʱܽ˫ʶһ¡ʯȻҲֺǺǵĴӦˡ
Ȼ󣬱Ǹɢ
Щ̥ǿ뿪ˣеĵǿǣȴһʱ䣬ȴ֪úȥδӡ
Щ£ٻ̫࣬˲ˣ黹ûȥһȥֳʱ䲻ֵĻôȴǵģֹı
ݱõվԭأ֮󣬲͵ҧ˾һ߷վţǶһϵƣ뱻˳ԵĹͷʣ£ͱҪŽ֪ͨˣǱҪһ𡭡Ŵ˹
µĵǿ߲ľˣֻһ֣һЩˣҪȽ˶һȴû̥֮⣬ڲȻӴͲŰѰǷɢĻֻκ˶Իȥ
һе򾳱æµ׷뿪ȥѰҺԼϵϺ֮ˡ
̥뿪ˣȺҲ뿪ˣȻû˹עԱһֱĿȫ̵ء
Ҳû˹עλߣʵע⵽ˡǵݽųģȫټȨһֻ֮û
ݡǰô
شã૳漴ҧأԹĿ⳯æµȥ˵ڶ򾳿һ֮󣬱ٲɣһݣƿնȥ
ʮ겻ùһʱеľȻҡҡλΡؽҧһԵӦš
ЩˣΪǽڴ˷ģһҲҪһɱο֮飡
еԹţĿ¶ִš֣ǳޣӿ̹ǣʧʡ

ʯڸϻԼҾ·ϣ룬ȴǷԼƣռһȴǷϢڴߴٺͲ²鷢չϢ
ʯһʱ両ֳһ˿ԥҪҪһ߷˵
ǰ֮ʯվ¿ͷ
Ͼ̥ǿߣ壬ָάϵһȽеƽڣʱ֪ʧһԱ̥󽫣ȻһġȻ뽫Ϣ˽֪ǿסˡ
֮һϢ
ҲҪٺҲ²ˣѾһ䣬ûзʲô£ֻǼ򵥵̥ǿߵľ϶ĳͻͷ棬Ѿˡ
߲ʰ쵵ϢһռڣʱһϢӿ
Ѿ̫ˡڿǽڧˣ
̥ǿ߾϶ĳͻô֮ҪЯ֣пܶȹ̥ǣԽһ䡪г϶Ķ°ɡʲôܱȵĴ𣿡
ԺõĽ̥֡ĴǶκһʧ
ʯϢʱòٵǵ˶ϢʯҲЩΡΪ֮ƣҲֻˡ
ţȻѾųϢ֪һЩ˿϶Ҳ˼̨̥򾳲Ҳ̨ͷλˣȻҲᡣ
ʵʱſڵǿߣ˿ѾϢһ֮󣬶˱˴еҡ֮ǰûеһʱ佫ͱȥҪȻҪ鷳ˡ
һ䶯ҡģ㹻Ѵ̵ġ
ͬһʱ䣬ಿҲϢɫżֹŹ֡Ҳʯ롭ǲҲ̨
һʱ䣬ռ֮ǰЩصտʼĻ
ܿ죬һ˳
̥ʯ˸ղ˵˺İɣӦ½̥˰ɣЩ˵˭
֮󣬲Ҳ׷
еʯһ֮룬һϢ
½̥ݡ
ݣ
ĸݣ
֡оϤ
һʱ顣и˱ʾַǳϤ
ˣʮǰϼϣһöԴ԰ʮһȡɹˣòƾͽݡ
ԶԣҲˡʱҲֳ˵֮вŶϵĲƸ죬Ȼŭħ˺Ѷȫˡ
ҲǵãʵžǵЩ֮һһȥŭħҹء
Ҳ˵˵ݺǻĳϹŵȫͳռһ䶯
԰ɣ˵Ҳ֪˵һγڹɳȺ֮;Ȼŵ˲ϡֻǵ򾳰˵˵һγֵʱѣ꣬ͽ˵򾳡򾳵̥ҶǺεȼѰɣݾҲô̵ʱ̥ɣ
԰̫ܡһͬͬհˡ
ʯˣ˵һ°ǲǸݰ
һʱ䣬ռ䵱˶ݵݲ˺档


1102 ʯ
߿֮еʯ΢ĬƬ̳֮Ϣ
ͬһˡ
߲ʰ쵵ֵָһ̣̾
̫ˣݵʲôˣʣδҲ̫˰ɣ
ٷĲƸҲ飡ݵʡ
꣬쵽̥⣬ݵǴʲôطðģ
ռ䶯ˣ˶Ϣݺݵס֣һַʽһ̣ӡ˲ȺеǿߵС

˶ݶ𺳵ʱһ޴µ
µΪӴڲһöӣ˲ͨĵ·֮ϡ
ޱ޼ʵĺˮ죬ι׳һ޼ʡ⺣֮ϣʱʱι״żӺðͷںˮгΡżܹһˬʵĴЦ
ھµ̫ԶĵطһʯţڰյС
ʯţɣֺɫͼڣգȴַһ硭Ȼ뱾ԴϢʮ־˵ơ
˿̣ʯ΢ţʱʱĽСЩɡϸһȴǻᷢ֡ǵĿⶼʮ鶯ֹ֮䣬û޵Ұԣ
Щÿһͷӵв׵һЩСģҲΪǿһЩģ죬ҲֹżһӰ֣ΪֱƵ򾳡
û⣬֮պ󣬽صʯ֮һ
֮ϣ˲ʯţͲȺܱߣͲʮ
ÿһʯŵУӿ壬ӿ򣬽ȺΧ
Щ壬سӵǣӵпֲԶһӵ
ʵ嵱УҲУУǲݵ֮֡ǰֱʵķӡȴ޼壬ֺ⣬Խ֮Ա˴˵ĳӡȻΪе壬ҲԺƽ
Ŀǰ˵壬ĳУ
һʯŵУԼĪʮ塭Ϊ˵ӡҲԻʯţˣȻһһݣÿһʯţϹţʮͷ޵ÿһʯŵе壬Ҳͬ
˿̣޵ԱߵʯſڣվӰӰӴ󣬸ɣζȴһţͷͷֻǣ죬²̺ըļ⣬ƤڣŨë
ڴˣȻɷֱ⣬Ǵġţһ壡
ţһ壬̬һ֣ͷţģһ֣Ǳ֮󣬻ţ̬ţǿݴڸεţǰˣţΪο幦ƷףߴƷ
Ѫֲɣܾ˰ɣɣҲֻǻƷֱţһѡһϣͿԿţǺεȿֲ
޼ţǿԹƾ壬ԴĴڣǱΡ
ϹʱţҲļ֮һǿֲ壬ǵ츳ͨΪս塣
ʯŵͷţѪ㴿ΪҲ̫ߡã岻̫ϤͺѴȥжһͷǿ֮һϣ˿
ǿߣƣĲܹжϳǿ岻ͬǵԴѪѪδ״ֻ̬һЩϸڵĵطֳͬ겻򽻵֪Щϸڵ֮١֪֪ˣ˲֪ǸóǸϡȻ˲ǿ̣ʧǲض˵
ֻţվڴնһƬӲɺ˫֮£ǿϺһЩ壬ԭڴЦ֮󣬻ǲԾһЩ
ţڽգȻ岻塣
ֹž޲״̬֮£ļȻһ⻪Ծ޵ƿնգۼ䣬ʯšſͷţ壬ʱȻ̧ͷɺ˫ͫǹ⻪
⻪ʯŵſλͣ⻪ɢȥȴ¶һ۾ͨ죬࡭ڴˣȻϳˣѰõ
ĳ֣Χ嶼ͣ¶ۿǵһ˿̹ǵĳޡ
ţ塣
ҽȥ¶ֶ֮һö쾧ʯ׵һͷţСţһ£ӹͷһۣԱߵһͷţ˵˼ʲô
˿ȴû˼˵ʲôһҪ롣
һ£˿̣һͷţȴǿڡ·ֱǻڴ˵Ⱥ֮ͨȴЩŹ֡
ͣ¶Ķͷţô
ΪҪţ̫࣬ʯ֮ǰͷţȴηɺ˫һ˿ϷʣţİĵҪȥʾһ¡
ʾüͷ΢΢һϴʱ򣬿ûʲôʾ
ϸһƣţĿеϷʣʱһŭӿͷ
㲻Ҫʾһ˲ţһ㶣һӲҪ˵ʲô
һ̣ļȻһ춯صĹ⻪Ȼ£ֱͷţȥ
ţɫȻ䣬조衱һХκȻͬʱĿУһѪâֱȥţ츳ͨӣ
ߣ֪νɫȴ˿ûб仯ȻĮ
һ⻪ȻͷţϡţȻǿᣬͷţѪʵڲߣһֲ⻪֮£ֻļһҽУʱһ࡭
ôĵӣ
࣬
ͷţˣȻΧһȺ壬ȴǺȻŭſеƿڴ˳
ǵЩ֣ӷ·Ǹոѧ˵ȺͨⲢԡ
ɫһ˲øѿ
Ϊݣһ£Ѿѻ˼£ʯ֮ǰȻҪЩ
ŭ
ǣ
һŭ𣬺Ȼ֮䣬һɿֲµĲļȻ١
ֲٵһ˲䣬ⷶΧ֮ڵ壬һ̣ǺȻѪݾֵµĿ񡭡ֵУвţ
࣬ôﶯ֣Ҫ֪ʯ֮ǰʯ֮ڣǵʥڰ
ʥң
Ƕʱ˳ֲѹһ̣Ϳܻ
壬Ҳǻģ
࣬ң


1103 Ŷһ
һ춯صĻЯűŭʯŵд˳ɫһϲ
ţʥ棡
˭ҲΪԼþˡ
ϧûע⵽顣
УȴȻһƬĮֻǵĮһʯţһ
䣡
ֲܣȻ¡δΪţʥĳ֣аֵĳɡ
ۣ
嶼ƾһѪдŲϲԼĲţһ׷ں棬ʧȥ
䣡
ʯţͻȻһӴԵг˳һͷţ
ͷţȴȸղͷҪӴĶࡣ˫ǣīư·ǿ͸һľĸоϵëɫǴɫ
죬ÿһȺĻ棬һţϣһɿֲĲѾ˺գ̧ͷ
һĮĿ
Ϊʲôţʥɴţۣǿ׵УŨҵİѾŭ¡
Ŀ̥ǿߣȺҲȡ裬Ϊȣȵū͡ǱҪ㣬ǴشˡЩ󣬲Ҫɱк⣿
࣬ҵˣţʥȴŭ¡
ΣȻ䣬һ˿ɱĪ˵ֻˡ㡭һ䣬ҲҪն£ǲţ
㣡ţʥ棬ʱɫǵͨ죬һ˫ţۣ·Ҫۿһŭǻۼ·Ҫը
ţ裬ҡ
ڴ˿̣һĮȴļȻصţʥʱһ󣬵ɴ۾񣬵ǹŭ⣬ȴǻȥ
֮󣬶΢һ£˼ּɵ
ܿ죬·ʲô۵ֳһ˿ޣӼ
ţʥٰ㲻ԸУ񣬻̤ʯŵС
ʯڲһ粢û̫ͬؾһƬܼɭ֣ңԶɽ͵֡ȴû̫֮⣬ռ䲢û̫Ĳͬ
ȻŭŵţʥڿУ·񿴵˲лĵ֮ϣһ岿䡣ٴΣԺʯŵеĲ䣬Ƿֲͬۼ
⣬Щ嶼ࡣʯڲ֮䣬ʵҲвпϾʮ壬־ôһ㣬˭ģϾʮ޻ûĿռ䣬˭ҲԸ˵ġ
ˣȻҲ
ͬӵȨһ㣬ڲһ¶뿪ʯţ࣬һ¶ˡ
࣬Ⱥĵˡ
ţʥ泯ŶϷȥʱһӴɽСɽ֮ϣ鲼ұ֮ϿٶʯݣһɺĵϢӭиŲòص塣
Ƿ·ǷŴ˵ĳӣ֩ȣΧװ壬֮ϣȡªΧװ֮ϵԴСɣȴһ˫С۾ȴͷĺ⡭
ѾǵһμǸоһġȻ̥ǿߣηֶǶţȴһҪаȫݻٵĳ嶯
ôΪһޣ룬˾綾
ڴˣôҲͻ֣ᷢڷĿռ䵱УȻҲӵһֻֻռ䵱еһֻСһЩΧװ֮ϣɢڵĹ⣬аζ
ϹʱҲǶȺֻⶦǶ
ϹţҲȺԸǽӴǵòϴȺۣΪÿһˣǼ˵ĺöǵ츳ͨǶ
壬Ϲţ֮ΪŶ񡱣һǿа塣
Ŷһ˵һ̥ٵСŶ񡭡ǵа֮ڣѷŶ֮ǵĸĸὫһ̥йŶһյĿռڣκʳɹŶ໥ɣһҴߡҴߣùŶһͬ
ΪֵͬܵѪǵѪӴǿ󡣶ʵϣƺʵҲ֤һ㣬ÿһֻŶõͬһսѾ൱ǿߡųɳڵѪһļɳŶޣԴﵽԴĳ̶ȡ
Ŷ˺ȴ֮ɱ֮⣬ȴٻɱ嵱ϺŵŽᡣ
ŽᣬϸսǿᣬҲȻϹʱںܶǣȴһֱڡ
ŶϰʪĻһ㶼صסɽ֮ϵʯʵͨ³Ѩǲסĵط
ŶţʥҲˣɽ֮ϣţʥЩĿһ·ĹŶһԼȥɡ
˵꣬ȴתߡ
ҲҪһʽףԽɽԽá
ٶĿһ·Գɽߵһʯ˹ȥܿ䵽ϡſſڣһֻŶѾȺˡ
ڴˣһ֣ᷢһֻŶͬռ䵱зӡĹŶ񣬼ֱһ޶ӱͨŶҪС࣬īɢŨаϢ۾գթϹŶò޷ֱӡ
Ҳֻǿһ֮󣬾ͲƿĿ⡣
ôĻʲôˣ
ֻŶ񷢳ŹֵڣͬУϡܹ˼
üͷ΢һ£漴ڵûʲô£ֻһʽס
˵ŶƺҲĹĶԷʲô£Դ̶˵
Ҫһʯ飬ΪرһķλãԼһЩµĮĿڡ
Ҫʯ飿Ŷһ˫а۾ʱ΢΢˸´ƺҪϿһЩһĮƽûʲôס
Ŷ˼Ƭ֮â˸˵˵ҿֵֵʯ顭
Ȼȴֳһ˿ЦƽŹŶ޵鱨˵ˣ㲻ʯ飬Ҳûط˵ȥȻǽףǮźá
㲻ңŶжʱаĹâ
˭ţֻеĶȴΪĮ
Ŷâٶ˸˼վһֻδµصһֻǰ΢΢һʱ˿ռ䣬Ȼһɫ⻪Ծ˳
⻪ֵ˲䣬ʱӵһߴߴļΪͻ·ӵлƿռ⻪֮һԭأͻǳ岻ȥ


1104 ǿΪ
жʱҵĹ⻪ŹŶޣȥ
Ŷ޶ΣվٶȺһһǰ㣬ǹ⻪Ƿ۾һæһסԪӿ֮ȫӡסŷŻ˴ռ䡣
鱨ֵۣһϷŪŶĴۡŶ޻˵
񵭵һ֮ƽѾõǲݡ
ֻһ䣬ǹŶ޵۾Ȼһа֮⣬Խ

һʱ֮ʯڣ⻪˳вʵţʥ棬һţһƬ䡣
ʯ֮⣬֮ǰȥʬѾ˺ףſڻȴţŶ壬һ塣
ϸ๣֫֫ˣǼڵצ󣬸һԾ޴ë廽塱ϹʱҲǼΪǿ֮һ˵ӵ߲ʰ쵵ӵһ˿޷˵Ѫ
Ȼֻһ˿˿Ǵ˵޽ӽ۷֮һֻһ˿ѪҲޣӵнӽԴս츳߲ͨ⡱ǼΪֲͨбԴǿߣҲС
ȴػ֮⣬ʯ֮⣬һЩ壬ò죬ȴϸϸʲô鶼̫ÿ
ɳ֮Ƕ̧ͷ鲻ƵУȴһ˿η壬Ǹӡ
ղɱ䣬Ȼֻһ˲£ȴɱʮˡЩҲЩĴ
֮ǰҲͶǵ࡭ܹܵ壬ΪҲʥǸεġտʼЩЩ壬ͬʱҲһЩη塭Ͼʥ漶ĴڡʱŹȥȴ֣ЩͶǵ壬ΪǰȴԵúǵ͵żΪҪȶԷǳ⣬ЩҲֻɫΣȴҷö֮ȴЩһִΪηǡ
ʵŷġǿΪ𡱵żΪصĳͻġһˣˡֻҪͶ壬֮ǵĵҲ·Ѫžѵһ㣬Щʥ漶崵֮ܽ壬ҲҶЩСУǳ⣬һּΪܡ
ѪȻѲߣȴҲԺǳʥ漶Ĵڡػɣӵӵеһ١
ʱ䣬ԣȻһū͵ĴΪٸߣҲɺǳ⡭
ȻһΣȴʵжһΡͶǵ࣬Ϊǿһ̶֮ҲǲģҪŭЩˣǴɱ䣬Ǳʥ棬ҲûΪԼЩС˳ͷ
ʯ֮ǰɱ࣬ĳôţʥ滹͡һŭԵģ
һжһ˿򡭡磬ǿΪġ
£Է塣
ЩеĲǲעģɫһƬĮȻ۵ȴһ˿һ˿ĳޡ
ݣһ߷˳𲻹죡Ҳҵһᣬû취¶Ϊʶ֣δʲô¡㣬ûѡ񣡡ߣȸȺɡҷɣһͻƱԴʱ裬ҶҪӱֻ
зݵĳޣȴȻ졣
ţʥʯ֮󣬱ͣ˽ŲҾ㵽⡣
ȴûֻǵĮһ֮λζޱߺȥ
ʵЩ壬ûаֺøеġϾ嶼ͬˣôкøУ
Щ壬ҪȻͶаҪȻʹ³çײʵڲۡҪԾѾ;ĩ·ǡҪĶĻøǴ̫Ľ
μӿ죬ܿ죬ʧӰ١

һ֮Ϸ飬ûκ֪веǿߣ̸һ֡Ǿݡ
겻һ·ͻƵֱ̥һ˾Ĵ˵ԽԽˣݲŨĺ档
ܿģһϢռڡһγֵģȴһӰ񡭡ӰУһӣºͣ翣վաȴݻ˭
Ӱ֮£һϢ
Ҽһ棬ǵʱӰʯġµӰ񡣡
ݵģһΪȺеǿ֪

ȻһУǲ֪ġ
뿪ĸ֮ۡվյУ·Ĳǣһʱ䣬ȴĬԭء
Ŀţվ֮⣬޴֪ҲûšôĿţʲôַ·ʲôû롣
СһʼԼëСƺΪû¶ëڲŪһ֮ƺҲݵЩ֣С¶ɻ󣬺Ĵ˹ȥƵǰݳĬı֮Сһ£΢ɺ󣬿зصԴ˹ݵСȡ
ݶӦͷͿС̧ͷЩǵ漴ȴӿһů⣬¶һЦݣӣСԴСʱһܵ۾뿴һĻֻҪѪ׼Сǰȴɵͬһҹ
һЦּ䣬жһƿ
СһƿĵǶʱʧæذصβҡĻ죬ͷһ
ݶʱĴ֣ͷһ˿һɨգƿССæһڽסǰεľ飬°һҧƿһΣɻûüֱ֣ӱСһܵģȻһ˿ζҲԸ©
ӣ飬ѾΪСˡ
ǿ߿һĻ¶Ҫܼˡ飬ǵ֮ǿߴȼʱֱɣɡͼѣȻޱȡ
飬ʲôңصۻȣҲԶԶġ
ԼҲֻЩгӴңȫ֮пܺ˰ɣȻС𰮳ԣһ㣬ʲô
ˣһô죿
ݺЦĿСһܵĻζζʱԺ
ݻع񣬶ЦʱʱҵˣҵƷ˰ɡ
ôأЩɻ
֮ǰû̫࣬Ū˺ܴ󶯾ʵûôӡҡͷʵֻҪռһѶϢҲˡ
ʵҲݣռ䣬ݵȷʹùΣΪչǲʯϼŽ׻ϣȴûг֡ȻҲͲٹע˺ֽŭħһʮ֮꣬󣬲඼콫ռˡ
Ҫ֮ǰڣȺ̸۵ʱἰռ䣬ֻڶ벻


1105 
ơǲãǸѾٻ
֮ǰٵУٻװųƷĴסܣֱ顣
ҪǷѵļʱݼʱסֻһٵУûˡ
飬ؽױʲôĴӿռе˳ƣױ֮ģȴȫ顭ֻΪ֮ͨãûз֮Ȼסռ֮ϴ
ҲˣݲҪ취ѰǣɨǡҪȻ鷳ֱϵͿˡ
ʵҪݾϸѰ˷ҲЩ⡭ռֻһʱûֻҪ΢һ֮󣬾ͶȻ֪ռõѰ˳κΣ뿪봦ûüϸ˼ͱѩׯ԰һ̸֮󣬸ѩͻȻ׳ȥڼƷ棬һʱûж룬ֱɨǱʲô£ȴΪ̰̽𽥵ݱ䵽ֱȽϸӵľ档
ݵһЩꡭصڶ֮ȴû취һӸıȻͬһΪƲΪ໥ѹ
뵽ڵ֮ؽܴ֮ʱһ桭е壬ΪߵͣྴమٶԱΪΪūͣݽ桭ͬһţͬһҵӵܶ໥ƣ໥ѹ̸һ˿ͬ飿
ô֮ǰңһǶķӡԣǷһ£
ͷҲЩãȻҲҲ𰸡
̾һ֮Щ㶵˦˦ͷ˦еǣȴǷּ䣬жһơ
һƣȴǵ긵ѩһ顭һ飬Ҳڷ֮ǰǸٵĴУһĻٵеȴ֮ǰģ˸ơ
ֻľ֮ǰһͬ壬ͬšĸ֣ȥΪ̶ء
¿֮¼һӡʱһ˿ѪоţЩȵһüͷһƣȻǵؽƷı
֮ǰһ飬ֻͨľ壬ӡѡһ顭
漴̥̾ǿӵеĶȻȥǰ򵥡ֻһƶѣȻŪ˵ؽƷ
ϸ˿֮󣬱㷢ƣһķҲһĹڵؽƷﵱУ̫ɫԶ䱾ֵ
漴ҲЩ飬ͷһռ䡣
Ȼ󡭡ݵϣ¶˼Ȼ֮ɫ
ռڣ˿ַ̻Ƿйزһ£δɢ̸۵Ľ㶼¼ˡϾʯĻ˶Ϊûзʲô̫顣лĽ㣬ڡ̥ݡϡвٵݵˣӰʯ¼µˣݵòռ䵱С
Ҫɣǲ١ڲǵϹƷģڿеģвǵϼ֮ۿ̯λġ
ЩȻǵϵĲƸĶ˵˰¼ģԱ㴫ˣһͬӡ
Ѿ̥ǿߣǵС˼ȻѾȫɢȥ̥ǿߵĲƸڲϣѾûʲô˸׶ͷˡλصķ
һĻռһϢݵ¶ֹŹֵ顭Ҳ˵Լڵô̸ԼЩԼ˶Щ졣
û뵽ԭԼôô
Ȼôһ˿ĸп˵ĸ
Ƭ֮ҲֻܿЦһҡҡͷûмעЩ˵̸ۣǿϢϷһƬռ䣬Ƭռ֮ϣ߲ʰ쵵ָ֣־òϡ١ݿϢʯһµϢںĻ
ʯµϢ֮΢һ£Ҳ˼
ݰͷ
Ȼɱ񣬵ʾϣֻšûа취ֲֻҪɱͷ̥Ҳˡа취֮䱣һƽ⡣
ڶɱͷ̥壬Ҳǲԡݶɱ֮Ѿ˴顣
ʯĻ֮Ҳ΢һ˸ȥЩ顣
ȵɱͷϵ̥֮󣬾֪Ѿ䣬Ҳ̫Ŀֻš
ţݼ¿һһ
ֵĻΪʡһЩ֮һһѶϢ
ݣɳϢϵҡ
ʱһ߲ʰ쵵ϢһƬߵĿռ·
ݵϢҲ߲֣
ԭ·һ̸ֱйݵ飬ԶǼߡԴ֮Ⱥ嶼һƬ֮УռżжãҲֻΪ鱨ǳȥٲʢ
ȻһΣݹɨǣȴǾеĵǿߡЩǿֲ֪֮࣬ȥδѯʣȻȻռ䵱СţЩ̸ۣ˸˵Ĺע̥ǿ߳棬ʯἰ֣֮ﵽ塣˶ں¼ٵݵݣΪ۽㡭ռһֱֵ̣˼¡
˵˵֮˶ģԭЩã޴õй
ˣչȺǵǿߣһչǧ꣬վҪȺİŲã˶Ѿ֪ݵݣȴҲԸʹ뿪ֵռ䡭
ڷִأһ֪ʱͻҪɱʱ򣬺һǵ飬ҲĪĺڶδҲãȻ
һͬ顣䣬ȴһս
Ϣû˵ȴȻȻĴĵӿͷƣһĵУ类ƿ⡭
ʱ߲ʰ쵵֣ˣһ˲䣬Ϊһռĵǿǿ
ݣ
߲֣ȻѾ̥
ֻ˸ƣµϢ߲֣̥ǿߣѾɡϿɣ
۵ĽͻȻ֣ʱ˶һϢͣ֡
ȻʯѾ˵Ѿ̥𺳵ͬʱٻЩš
Ȼһ̣˶Ѿû˻ɡΪݵ֣ȻҲ߲֡˵Ѿõ˸ݣݣֻʸ룡
仰˵ݵΪǵõԴϿɵģôв


1106 Ȼ
һЩܣһ̥ǿߣԲԣǼĺ¡
޸ˣ
޸һԱӣ
һϢãв˶ԡ޸ˡƺԼݲݸţһռֳһ֡
޸ˡֵô
ֵĳ֣΢΢һ㶣һ֣֮Ϣֵܣָ
Ƭ̣ٶȸֵ֣ܰ˵ǹɳȺ֮ˡ޸ָɳˣѵǹɳȺ֮ˣ
ûǡδ̸£Է̸죬۾һæص
޸أֵǹʽٶȻӦ
ԭѡʣ֪ںδæʵ
һ֮ǰֵܻϣһ²ʵ˵ЩġٶȻӦ
Ŵԣɫʱ΢䣬üʵô£
ġ֮պ屩ϮȺΪ˵壬Ｏ˳Աϵĺ󱲷ϮֵþͷȻꡣ
ƽضݣûбʱÿְذ꣬Ϣꡭ֮ǰֵֵϢʱ䡣ְֵضǷǳڿģϢʱ䣬żҲҺȺȾƣ졣ִ֮գǴӲ͵
һǰ͸ְֵˣȴûг֡ϵȴҲϵˡһӰӣһҲټҲϵϡ
ϵϣݵüͷʱ΢΢üʵӦǡ
ϵϡ֮ȥţ뺣ûаֻӦؾЩơ˻ӦͷܽؾҪ룬ҲһЩϢ֮ڵġ޸Ҳ֪ش䣬гûʵЩʵҪǿ޸˵ϢҴԼ֮ҲҪϵ̥ǿˡ
ݵʱ΢Щ˼Ƭ֮¿֪ˡǰɣлˡ
޸˿ˡ˻ص
ûٻӦЩصĿűòݵϢȴû˼ϸЩ˵ʲô
Ƭ̣ȴ˽ϵŻ뿪ռ䡣
ǳˡ
ʧһ£ҲϵϣҪȻǽؾҪȻ
뵽ڶüͷĸ˵ֻ棬վҲʶһԸˬСڣӵаǣҲΪ͡񡭡
ݱ۾֮ٶ
ӱȥһˡ
뵽΢ĥһ£һƣ¼һ
ӡ
֣û°ɣ
ʱѩЩǵƵд
û¡ӣҪһݲȺĵͼУݲδףֱ⡣
ͼУѩܿ촫ء
ãϹݵ
áѩӦ
ݲٳɣСԴ߰ɡ
С׿ݣ˵ԴݺСת̤գʧ
Ƭ̺ѾٶȻص˸ѩׯ԰
棡
ׯ԰ͨ˿ӿµݣæ񡣶⵱Увٿݵ񣬶Ÿм𾴡
΢΢ͷߵԺڡѩģԪˣ
ݽæվּĿ⣬ȴԽԸӡ
ղšлֳҼˡ
ѩһмĳ
֮ǰ֣㽫ļȫɱһѪ֮ǣǴ
ЩˣѩܿءȻ˵ūͣ渵ѩ꣬Ǵһֱģ鼫ʲô£ѩȻĲѡ
Ҷֻ֣֮ܵˣлȴҡҡͷ
ԱߵĺԪһ֮ȴǹл޸ʹͣ
޸ν΢һ£漴ǵ˼һѪеԪȵĵ֣ЧԪҪõĶࡣݸ룬ȻҪлݡ
ݲͬ˵ĸȻ֮ˣȴҲҪִ֮ġ
ЦЦûж˵ʲôǿѩӣͼ׼ô
ȴǲ̫λáûеͼҪȥطҪ˷Ѳٵʱ䡣
Ѿ׼ˡ
ѩԣæȡһͲݸݡݽӹֱ֮ڶͷ֮ϣʱһӴϢӿԺ
ʶӴϢܶκβʣת۱ϣʱ֪Ҫ֪Ķ
ڲ֮ңÿռ֮Ҳ֮ڸϵ
΢΢˵ͷˣлˡ
ѩ΢΢ҡҡͷȴˣҾȸˡ
ҪôѩȴǴһ£æʵ
ݵ˵ͷţѾ̽˵һЩϢƺǳʲô£ȴҪȥһ
ѩæҪæô
ݵͼͰæˡлȴһЦ
ѩһ£վǵͷˣһСġ
ݵ˵ͷֺԪȵ˵ͷǺСһƿնȥ

뿪ѩׯ԰֮ݾ԰յͼƿնȥ
ݲδңоȻٶȸһЩûСΪ뿴ν֮󣬾֮ǰʲôͬ
Ȼˡ
ȣغǿȲڵҪࡣһƱӪһĴڣפغɽڡûģϵǿߡ֮⣬ЩӪУŵǿߡ
ڣݻһؼϢǣ̥Ĵڡ
ǵģغ򣬶̥ǿ߳פ֮ΪһǼΪ͵ġغû̥ǿߣǵõϢٸֻѾʧˡ
ȴغڵأ֮ϣͬҲһڡЩܲСµ֮ϡںУʱѲӵı䱸ɭϡ
ǵѲΧȻչ뺣ʮ֮ңľ룬̥ǿ߷УҲúķһСʱ䡣Ѳӵı֮ϣû̥ǿߡֻͨľߡ
Χ֮ȥԭʼĺˡһͷͷ޴ޱȵں֮żðͷʧһ˦βͣ˳֮ϣżݷɹӴ˲Ŀ
ݣҲڵգ˲λʱһļ塭
ҲʱݲȻ˵壬Ļعˡ
һȺѪĺ塣


1107 ص
壬Ϲʱʲô۷壬Ҳǵ򾳵ĳ̶ȡȴ˶С塭۷ΪȻߣȺΪȴǲ
嶼ͨѪһǿǿ壬Ѫδȫ֮ǰҲСţ壬޿Դﵽ̥ΪڵţΪʵǲߵġξѣҲͨӡ
˵һ£һѪѶξѵĹ̡һαһǿѵεģ֮Ϊ桱ҲͳΪޡ
һ壬ξǱȽġʳڣѪŨ壬ѵĴΡܹɡ桱ģһȺԼҲôͷѡڸϡ١
壬ȻΪҲߣȺΪȴܸߡξѣܴﵽĳ̶ȡѪ䣬֮ξѣҲһսˡϹʱ岻㶥壬ȴҲǡ
էȥƣۣһɫʰƤĤǵܴ󣬼ѿ۾С֫Сһ˶β͡ˮɳΡ
ˮӵвٿˮ츳ͨΪʴ֮ˮˮԵĳһּ֮޵ġʴ֮ˮԸʴؽƷķܻǲ
ǣҲϹʱٵıȽ˳塭Ǿסں׵ĹֵУϺΪʳֻҪǣҲǱˡ
֪֮ôϸȻǷġڷռĳһСͷӡһͷޡ
ǰһȺ壬ȺԼĪʮģΪڰҡҲһЩϢӣԱȰĶҪС١
ԡ
һͷӴޣǰΧͷ峤ɣ⣬ۻ룬ǾƷȥδǣΧУĽ棬ͻҪİΧ
սԶЩҪǿһЩ첨ƽǵںϳһ壬γɹ֣ĳȴʼ޷ͻơ
ݸǲ̵УϵһּٶƮɢ·ǱȺȡһ㣬Ƭ֮ԽԽֹͣ
һͷĺ忴һĻѿ޴ͣ·¶˿ĵЦݣзһĽкͬʱðڹ⣬ӿȥʱѾǿ֮ĩѣվһڹ·Ǳӡ
Ȼ󣬺뺣УߣҲûиֳˡ
̣һֱڿпţ˷֣鵱УȴֳĬ֮ɫ
һƳĬһֱ嶼ѾԶԶ뿪࣬뺣֮ɢȥ³һٳɣǰ
Ȼ󣬲ãУʼ塭к壬ţ壬壬壬壬С
̫̫壬ʼݵǰЩܹϳڷռ䵱дޡһЩϲġòŹֶأЩ󣬵ЩȴּиȺϰص㡭һɺĵϢͬʱݸܵһ˵
彻ϹľִϢʰ쵣ḻ˵
⣬ص
˾ݽһĳĬţȴһԡ
Ȼ󡭡ݵǰ
һӴ̶Ȳ²ľ޴죬һ޴Ĵ½ǴӸ߿ոӣҲֻܿһӵؾͷĺߣ޷յ㡣·Ǵ󺣵ľͷһƬĴ½
֮ϣϸɳģҬ֡ԴζĺᴵҲ
˵ǲȺףôʾ߽֮ľ֮ߴ磬Ǵ˵֮ڡ
ѹ֣˵Ϊ֣ɲô
ܱߵķΪƣڣ֮Ҫܼ֡ʮ﷽ԲλѲӣغԵפɵĴУͬе򾳺̥
˿ݲЩʲôӴϢ̤գС̤Ⱥʣۼ֮һĵط
֮ɽ֣ϣԭأɭ֣ɳĮޡһеò㶼ӵС˵һ½Ҳûκ⡣
ȻǡϣĳǳءͬĲһ㡣
ǵΰ̶ȣ֮ǻҪСһЩеȴ˿ѷڣӿЩռ˵ĵ죬پ֮ǰҴߣӵ˴˵أô˵˿ڣܼ
ǽֵ֮ϣ֯ϢС
ھǲԶλڡ
Ͳͬڵڣƺ˼ֲϾã඼ԵúǿʡЩɻ󣬷ǾϮΪ࣬ӿһЩ
벻ף濴šһЩʵĻ
ֵߣǰӲʵ棬ǵ󣬶⵱ģйĶ
κйصĶﶼ
ʹõߡʬ塣
ԣʬ壬ҲȫǱǵ屻ѪļΪǿ̺Ѫ֮ͨһЩ취ǿΪתġ
ëƤ֮ڵģҲƷļѲϡ쳣Ļ𱬡
ҲȥΪЩ壬ûжȤʹõ˼¡
ǧʯһ뿪⡰󡱣һߣһߺоš
һģأƽǽĳֿʯȻݸемȤģȴ⵱̵ơơ
Ҫ֪СӡġеķģȴǼΪصġ·𲢲ѧϰϵͳ
Ѫơеһַġ˷ûе֮ãȴܹͬԴѪﵽǿá˶ԣȴûκãᷴɡÿһ壬һַġûá
ʱݶԣŻȻ˹һЦҲ⡣֮ȴǿܡ
һ¿ȡƣһһ˿ռ䡭
ȻѾȥ죬ռ䣬ȴûΪʱĻָƽʵϣΪǼµ֣ﶼоһַɣ죬ǻȶѾȥȴȻһ¡
ڣġ˵ڼ⣬ֿһ֮ǰ壬ͼ¼˵˭˭˭ֺ˭˭˭ϣﳳˡֱ硭
˷֣һ㡣ݿķŹ֡ǿߣڳǸ߸ϣɵĴڡȦ֮ᷢ֡ʵ򡭡ҲһȺаԣǿĳ˰ˡ
ҡҡͷֲûϵһȥһϢ


1108 
޸ˣѾˣ
ܿ죬ʹϢ
ǵġںδݻص
һ޸ˣںδֻܿص
ݿϢ֮ҿһ£ǣӦϳǡ
Ϲæ
أǰɡȵǣϵ㡣ȴص
⡭ðɡҲ֪ԼݵٶȲ̫ࡣǿǲСǸϹҲСʱ䡣
Ի֮ݱֱһ̤գСҲæϡһĻñ·һЩ˿ʱһһһãȻ֪ʲô¡
ңо·Ƭ֮Ѿǡ
Ѿǣ΢һܸӦĵٶϵ
ãáæصţɢȥ˲Ϣڰ֮ĳһһ˿ڵ򾳡
ݿһۣٶ̤ա
ٳ֣Ѿһׯ԰ԺԺӵվŲٵˣһˣԴӡ
ݾ˳Ⱥ˵ǰ
棡
һȺ˿ݳ֣¶֮ɫȴ죬ȻѾ˽ȫڵأ񡣶Ժ䵱ˣǿ޸ˡ
ض񡣡ݰ˰֣䵽˵ϡСȻǸ󣬰εĿ˿ˣĵë
Сĳ֣Ȼһ£СҲֻ߳鶯һ£ȴδ˵ʲôǹ޸ˣ롣
ȥͬһʮ꣬ݺӲʣü֮һӢȻȴģݿ֮øСһܺѹѹһƬˣҲ֪֮ǸԱߵĿС
аòŮӶӻ֣˶¡ܿ죬ֻʣݶˡ
˴ǰð죬޳֮޸˼¡ЩεĹ˵
ѿˡҡҡͷֱ˵˵ɡ
ֱ⣬һ£漴͵˵ͷ΢֯һԣ˵
֮ǰ˵һӶˣһǰǰغִפأȴûȥϵҲ޻ӦЩǡֲģֵҲغԵһЩСĦѣвĵǿߡ
ʱȥһ£˻ûȴЩˡǡ֮ǰ˿µϢͷһŽ¸֪ݡ
Ͼְ飬Ҫ׷ɲʲôС¡־֮¡ǴӹɳȺģȺϲûʲôûʲôɽһԲһֱϵļλ̥ˡ
ϵļλ̥ʱչأģ֮ʱ£Իסһȵʱ¿ɾȥˡϾǿߣҲսеȱһλǷǳ۵ġ
ڵ´ع֮˱ˡλ½ܹռרϢѰҹɳˣ˵˵Ĺϵǲסڣ£ҲͲʲôˡ
аţʶ꣬ϵһֱ֮˱ɵͬһͬһӪףϵȻһԸ챻𷣡
һ˵֮㿴ݣݵüͷ΢ţƬ̣¿֪ˣһκǺʱεأ
һΡӦþǴڽִڵʱűӪڡæ˵
ǰô˵ǺпѾʧ˴ꣿૡ
һ£ĿһҲһԵʧ࣬Ǵûִ֮ġһʱ㡭˴ʱ䣿
޸ˣ⡭ӵ
΢΢ҡҡͷüͷ΢ƺʲôЩǵĿţͣԼĻ
ʧ˴꣬־֮£εƢԣǲ뿪ġϾش䣬˵ǺεΣգְڣҲһԲ뿪ֲ֣ܲôֻʣֿˡһ˶ԸǡҴ󣬴󵽵ǿҲ޴ӿܡб뿪ɣɣܶ˵
ݰţʵ֪ǣʲôҳͻô
ҳͻһ㶣ܿݵ˼ϵģȷҡҡͷûУֵԸʺˬ֮գһͬɱ壬ΪӢ£ͬľ壬Ҳ֪ûǸйʲôͻ
ŶЩüһ뵽Ը񣬵ҲЩȻ˹ԸȷȽϲˬҲһЩԲȷ׵˵Ը
ôֻʣһֿˡб뿪ɣһܶ˵
֪ʧ֮ǰ߿ʲô£ֻʲôҹǣٶѯʡ
üͷ΢˼֮ҡҡͷûУһжûʲôҹǣҲδʲôر¡
΢΢ͷӣ£Ѿ;˵ģʲôͻ¼
Ѿ˵ģ
뵽ݺ΢΢һ£漴üͷ
һʱ䣬ŭħ˶ʮ꣬ϴӹɳȺϺķѵʱ䣬ԼĪһǶʮꡭѵǡ
뵽ݿȴһ⣺֮꣬߳⣬ɻã
ˣü룬漴ҡҡͷӰ룬ȴʲôر𽻺á
ô֪ɳȺ֮˵ȥ򣿡ٶѯʡ
ɳȺ֮ˣ޸ָƷ棬ԼȻôϵģȻ˵ȫ˵˳
֪ݵʱһ
ݵ仯һ㶣æҡͷ֪֪ʵҲֻǾֵܺἰˡһ֪λƷֵܺӵʦģȴǲ֪ˡ
˲ἰ˵ȥ򣿡
ҡҡͷ
ٶ˼
Ӹѩ֪һǰڲƷ档һԼʶɨǣȴδҵϳôĶԼΪ۵߲ռµϢƷڲ֪ܲܲϵڰ֮ǰʧ١
ҪǣԼռµϢζˣ˲Ҳȫ˰ɣûһϵԼôֻΨһĿˡ
ǣڲȺķΧ֮ˣ


1109 
뵽΢Щģڣܲ²ƷȥĶˡ
ɳȺ
֮⣬ƺѾûܡ
Ҳ缫޵ģɳȺȺǧ룬ѾԽƵ缫ޡϢȻţ뺣
ռ䣬ͬҲˣֻڲȺΧ֮ڣյϢ
ɲ̫ƽȺʮ춼ռʮɳȺҲ⡭йɳȺǿ߶Ѿ뿪Ǹûʲôֿ֮ˡ
ǻعɳȺԭһʱȴжϡ
ϾӦöзӦҲڹɳȺ£ʲôҪһ߷ŪΣ֮ȥϾȺдݣɳȺϵսȺȶû취ȣȻҲӦʲô֮ǡڵĲͼ򣬴⸽ΪȫĵطˡɳȺĻ
뵽üͷãһ
Ӧʲôòȥԭɡ⼸˶ǵǿߣƷΪ޽ӽ̥ǿһ·û򾳴ڣɼִҲࡣֻҪСһЩӦҲʲô鷳ǡ
Ʒ˱Ͼõż꣬ϵĲƸͨ򾳿Աġ˵Щ϶Ҳ˲٣ô룬ӦҲһЩȽǿıһЩϢıҲûС꣬һֱǰ뿪֤ȫ׼ŻжϾƷ滹ȻǶðʧ֮
˵أһ
ȻЩֻǲ²⣬ΣƺбҪһһ²źá
ôִڵʱһסĶ˼Ƭ֮ݿ
ֵҲһʱִڵʱæ˵
ҹȥվ
һ㶣æ˵ͷ
˱ƿնȥľȥ
Ǿס̫ԶܿģһԺӾͳǰ
ǾֵϵľˡָԺӣԺӣɱׯ԰С̫ࡣ
ܿģԺ
кͨԺӣֻ˵ȥסһ档Ҵ˿ȥ¥գԺûκˡ
ݲԺҲԺһôһʯԵúš
ֵܺӾ;סƺ鷳ҲļʲôˡǾ뿪ʱ䣬Ҳ֪ЩΡ
˵֮ݣȴԺӣԼĪƬ֮ȴߵһԣһƣǿô֮ϡȴǱ۾һ˿첨ϴ
һ㶣ݣ漴ɫȴһૣ
һ˿ɫ⻪⣬Ǿ֮
֪ҪʲôȴǲӰ쵽
˿̣ǰľ£ȴѾȫ䡣͸ƣԴţһ߲硣һȻĵסһ㶣Ŀ⡱֮һϸСĹ⻪۶ɵ磬С
֪⣬飡
㶼顣Щӵԣ۸Щȴ¶ûл۸ֻбܡޡûл۸Ծǡ⣬̷۸˻۸ͿԲǣ˼
ﵱУҪ˵Ѿѻ۸ģȴޡֲ
ǳ⣬Ҫӵл۸Ҳǧѡֻм࣬Ծѡ硭ǲݡ
ǰС飬Ȼûǵģֻ¶ԣƺݵ֮˼ܵĿ־壬һţҿ
飬취޷ӴģΪ˱ԴҲһֻ֮֮ӴƪУļء
ڣԽǿˡƪһ㣬ڵҲŴﵽڶˡ㣬ȴʼղŶ롣
ǲ֮ǿͿԽġҪ˵ʱ򣬹Ѿﵽ˵ڶ㡣Ѿǵ򾳣һ˿̥ǵڶ㣬˵Ҫ㣬Ĳ֮ǿ󣬶
ʲô˵
ڵĹĹƪƺѾЩߡͨ˲ɱǿߡսȴѾԽΣ㲻طһȭȥͨҲ÷̥ȴƺѾûáϾ©֮֮û취Էʶġ
ƪЩֵֹ֮ã
統ڴΪ¾ȳޱƣʱùġƪеһƪǿԷֳʶƿֶΡݵ֮ԡ˵ܹƿص㶼ƿˡ
ֻһƪѡƪлֶΡʲôѻȵȡ
ڶõģƪеһƪһѻĴڣѻּ򵥴ֱķʽҪĶࡣѻǴƻֻ࣬Ҷ֮󣬺пöԷʶ⡰ǾɵĶ࣬ҲѵĶ࡭Ҫǣⴥֻͬ꣬꣬ҲɽӴ
顣
£ݵһʹáݵεǿ᣿֮ƿأԶǵɱȡǾᣬûжѡ
С磬ܿģ֮֮Ӵ
С΢΢һţݵԺУֳһļ䡣
ʮֺ嫣Խ¡
·С磬Сһ
ǼУ˽£ʱһţԭߴķݣԽԽʱƾɣ޲ǰˣˣ˽ϣȥ˵Ķ󣬲ϣٶȥһ˾һ
ʱۣСԽԽΧҲȱã˷ǣ²ɣ
·Ǽ£ַ·ֻһСĹ򡭡ȻϤӰӳݵΡ
Ժӣһ꣬С䣬Ժԭˡĵ˵ͷȡʯ˸˵Ľ˹ȥȻ󹧾ת뿪СԺͱεľ
ݿһͬĻ棬˲ͨѣˡݣҲ̲ס¶ЦݡΣڵӰ룬ӦѾ޳ˡ
ꡣ
ȻݿһֱҪĻ桭Ȼڴǰθ˵Ĵ߳ĳ񡣶ˡݼΪϤƷ棡


1110 ²
˵ЩʲôƷ˵˼ʲô֮˺ԥĵ˵ͷȻ˹ͬȥҲûл
Ļ棬ԺУԼһĻ桭
ѾȫȷǣȻǺƷһˡĿĵѾض룬Ȼȥ˹ɳȺˡ
޸ˣ
۾̲סˡ
һţѾ֪ˣİɣû¡ε顭лˡ
ûôǾͺãǾͺáʱһȻ֪֪ģ̥ǿΪֶҲǲ˵Ȼжϡ
˵ʲôл޸˾ˣֵ϶꣬ӦõġЦ˵
ݵ˵ͷû˵ʲô
Ȼֵܵû£޸һͬȥҲýĳһ֮ꡣʱ
ͲˣĳЩҪͲͣˡȴҡҡͷ΢Ц´лᣬٺһ߶Űɡ
һ㶣ҲǿˣĳҲͲǿˡ
ݵ˵ͷ˺һ֮ݵתһաСҲĴ˸Ƿ̤ոȥ
һ£ȴһ֮ǰСǴ߳ΪݵǸղšĿǷǽɫСģСޣԼ˺հ
ʲôСޣȻӵ
㶵վԭš

ˣһô죿ڣһֱû˵ķڿˡ
ƷǶǷعɳȺˣ˰ҵʱ䣬ش䣬ٶȲ̫죬ڴԼ·ϡ׷ϣӦ׷ϲǡ֮˵
˵ֶһ£ЦżǵһˡҲ֪Ϊܲߵһٲ㡭
һΣʮλͣߣ޷ܡ
ȻݵɱȵҪǿ̫ࡣ̥ʮ壡ǱԴǿߣҲﲻǿȡ£ܷ񵽴һٲ㣿
΢һ£ȴǷֿԼ
żΣʵǿֲӵĻΣʵǵһٲشڣ
ݴѾԿ϶żУĳ־־̫ǲǷĲл꣬٣Ҳͬӵǻ۵ġͣżΧɢĿģΪķлˡ
Ŀ֪ˣǺ⻹Ǵ⣿ݷֱ治
Ѿżδ־йӴʵЩɻġ˵ǰǿĴڣͿְţܵż֮󣬻ҪȷлĳߵϵһٲŶԡ
ǡԼĲ²ʵг롣ʲôطһʱҲ벻ס
żʵ˵Щ̫ΣաҾãڵΪƺûҪôȥðաڻʮʱ䣬ܹﵽԴոôЩɵȴ
һ㶣漴׷ڵȻԼҲղסԼһֲл꾿Ǹʲô뷨
İɣǰû޿κΡҿġȥҲԼһЩ㡣ʱ򣬾ǲлֻҪû취̤żû취ʲôšԣȴЦ˳
һƬ֮һϲ˵˼ǡ
ˣ̸Ҳ̫ˣ֮ҪҵƷǲǡ˵ش䣬Ҳֻһ֣ﻹĪдȻǻ˾ȻҲԭġʵҺ뿴᲻ҸıһЩ뷨
˵˵ţԺȴɻں֮ϵš
˵ʵЩ壬ûһҪʧ磬Ƕõѡ
ͷҲֻһˣ壬˵ڴ󻪵һĻĻ
֪κ鶼Եġгһ棬ȻҲõһ档ݵʶһ棬һּʶõһ桭Щ
ҪģȥĿǳĸһЩõĸһЩ
⣬ֱӾ̬ȡ
뵽˵أݲٳɣһΣգԳȥ

ɫʣޱ޼ʵĺ֮ϣɫ˻ӭ⣬ӳ߲ʰ쵵Ĺ⣬
ݾĺúЩ徿õĸ࣬ǳĸʱȺߣһʯŵС
Ϯɱ뻹ûɱȥô
ʯŵУһƬĮڣ޴з֮ǧɣȴʯɣֻͬ͡Դ֮ϣû۾ûж䣬ûбӣֻһž޴ޱȵ졣

Ѿõǲݣٸһʱ䣬ȫںϰǲݣпܾͻҵĶпһ˿ռ䱾Դڲȥûʲôᡣ
ʯǰȴһСɵӰⲻΣһֻ˿Ŷޱаͬ֩һİȣֻŵأֻ̧ڿУ֮ϲΧףīСɵԴ֮ϣһ̶۾УȴһƬа
⣬ǵйһν׵ĹŶޣ
ŶڹŹ֣ȴ˵ס
ҰڲϵߣδϢʯһ٣Ļ˵ȴһ˿⡣
ߣ򾳼ҵõϢǴһ̥еõġŶ䡣
̥ʯһ㶣ŵ̥඼Ϊ߰ҲǻᱳԼ塭
ΪΪ棬ԼĸĸֵܶɱѣοǶ翵壿֮ϢΪȷѾϵţ򵣬ˣǶѾ֡ڣʣߡֻռʱ򡭡
Ŷ޵˵ȴ۵˸ڴа⡣ʯȴǻһõĳĬ֮վȻҶѾôȻҲûʲô˵ˡ
ʱ䣿ʯ˵ͷ򡱶һĹŶޡ
ʮ֮󡣡Ŷ޻Ӧ
ʮ֮ôʯ˵˵ͷֻ¡¡վһ·ѣضռ䣬Ȼ飬¶ա
˼£ξ֮ˣʮ֮ϲ
֮Уʯ˵ͬףȥ鴫ռ䡣
ʱ
ʯʥ
ʯʥ
һ񣬻˷
һ̣ʯţ


1111 пᣡ
ʯһУ֪˿̵ݣѾɵ֮ϣޱߵĺ֮£ƽ˾ʱʱԿһЩޣں֮䰿ߡ
вԶӦҪ˰ɣ
֮ǰδȥӹɳȺ;ͣһ·ٲͣǰ˲·һЩ죬ȥ
һξֻ΢ԥһ£ȥ
ش䣬Ⱥ֮⾡ݡô֮ĵ죬ôģ
ţһ磬ޡСĴ˸ǷʩʩȻݣա
ڲʮУرĵ죬ҲֻԶԡܿǰĺ򣬱㸡ֳһƬ޴Ӱͬһأޱߺ
ԽԽ壬СЩ壬ֻǾεģΪҲ쵽ģȴȺӣں֮Ϸ֣ڵ֮Ͼۼһѡͬ࣬Ը໥ġ
غûټ
Ϲʱÿһ嶼ԼغͲ䣬ۼһǺٷġش䣬ҵĲ࣬Ҳˡݶ
˵ͷ
͵ĴƣĿֱָ壬ؼʱ޷ʯš֮£Ѿ˲죬ȫ˵־档
ع飬̶꣬ȻǲһӾȫָϹʱģ
ټϱӡ꣬Щ壬ҲѾϰ˺סһҪȫػϹʱģʱǲˡ
ݿ·壬·ȴ޴ӸӦҲûȤȥɱЩξѶ塣ڳĬƬ֮ݼȥ
ȻݿһƬƬƲҵĻ
ɭִƬƬ̮֮ϣܲһĳһʯҹĿӶһ˺ۣĿ֮ϡڻһЩĴ䣬̮Ż飬һƬȡ
һĻݵһڴ֮ǰ﷢˺εȾ˵ս
ȻⲢʲô룬ݿ˸ࡣ
ֻһǳأͬһ㣬ڳȴԱΪ֮⣬⵺Ĺ֮ϣŸĳǳȻ˿̣Щ򣬾һƬءտֵ֮Ʊ鲼ֵĴĵ̣ȫ̮رȾɫ⵱УݿһѶΪۼһİ׹ǡЩ׹ǣƲĶѷڳǳصĳЩط
һǳڣһһȹǵ塭һͷԳ塱֫ëԳࡣȹǣһȺͬ࣬һ߱ܣһ߿ںʲôëϣȴŨĵ⣬·ڴʲô
ȻѾǰ׹ǣĸоǰ׹ǵУһȹǡֻһɴﵽ򾳡
ȹǣȴǰ֮⣬ݻоһİУһԿʯƽǽƵĲ
ѪƵһ֣ÿ嶼յ
ݵɫıЩ԰ף԰׵Уģڻı䡣
΢΢ȭͷûжȥɱ塣ڼǰ
ǣԽĿܲսۣԽӵءԤսһֺƴҡͨϾ޴Ĺѣݻϵ֮սĻ桭
ǵصХҵдҴҷ˿ֵĽನ˴أ䵹ľݻ˳ɱ塣һ浹ս֮£ѪĿ޺·ͣڶϣǰĴսд
һŨѪԹڴ֮ϣݵ꣬˻ݶһ˲Ļ㱡
ݵԽԽ䣬һɷŭӿ
ȻһĲҽĶĤ
һһҽУޣеĳ֣
һΣ󣬿ѽѵһĻ
ھԶһɽɽУһȺԳ壬Χסɽɪɪ塣
һ󼤶ĽлȺԳдڿɽһԳУһѪܵŮӵʬ塭̵Ľ˺룬ѪȾ˷Գϻɫëһء

ϵɽڴһ뷢԰׵ߣڣݣɫƣǽŤʹ;ʮ壬ϻ٣лŮȫһľʹ֮ɫ
Գ彫Ů˺ֽ֮һʬ壬˿УʱԾ𼸸Գգۼ䣬ǰӣǱ˺ɼƬСȻѿ죬ڴڵľ׽
׵ķԳ忴Ҳһۣ·¶һЦ޴ëһŮӵԴ°һƤⶼקֱӶһԣҲһҧһʬļ֮ϣ˺һƬѪ⡣
ߴѪȴԵķ·Ϊ
óԣ࣬Ҫ
󣬴Źֵڣ·ǲȺͨΪŹ֡ȴһͷͷȽСķԳ塣˫Ŀſˮģ̰
׵ķԳͷһۣйŹֵļһֱ֮Ӵһ磬ߵڣһѳץȥ
Ҫ
Ŀ꣬һŮӻУɪɪСŮԳצץŮʱֵĴԱߵߣʱУ𷴿
˥ͨ˵ͷԳĶֻ֣һ߶ʱ׻۵һѪˤ˳ȥ
үүүү
СŮڵ࣬ȫңæҵĽߴӵϲ
СŮ壬ԳϥǸߣǷԳĴ֣Сȫһץס˳ȥ
ҪԳңҪŮҪŮŮӣþץŷԳִ֣ץ״
ֻһͨŮˣΣܿǰΪķԳ壿
ٺ٣һһὫȫԵġԳȴ˿Ϊֻһ֣Ů˾͵˳ȥЦУԲȺͨ˵
ſңſңСŮ۴Уһߴһ߷ֻ̫С޲
ԳͷСԳ壬ð˷ܵĹâ첽ǰһ
Ⱥһգһ棬ػὫǸϾɱϾɱ̲סӷ˻ߡ
棿嵱겻ʳѣȻҲǣǻˣ壬һҪ壡𣿹ѾռôãôҪˣҲʥʳѣǷԳȻЦЦУſ񱩵ɱ
һ䣬ֱӣеСŮȥԳ壬۾Ȼ
ӵζɱȳҪɿڵĶడ
ͷСԳ壬ʱ۾һԾϸצӣСŮץȥ
СŮ޺˳ԳС
󣡣
һҧгݵһ̣ȻԭҪԳȺеСŮϣļȻһ⡭


1112 
ǽֵ̫ͻأСӷԳ˿ûзӦʱ䣬צѾֱץСŮϡȴֻžһ죬СӷԳצӶʱѿһɽɫӿڣɳȥ״ĻûüҽУһըһƬѪꡣ
һĻзԳͬһ㶤ԭأĪ̧ͷĹ
ǷԳ壬ղűСŮŮӣǱ˦ȥԼһ࡭ȫס
˵Ŀ⣬СŮϣɴ۾һȻ
СŮգˮϣãȻҡ
һ˿ѿһӰȻŮ󡭡
˵Ŀ⣬ǳֵӰϡһµӣһͷںڳɢԺŰݣȴ˼¡
Ӱ󣬻һɫСҲһ߳ΪɰӲӡһ̣ȴֳһ˿·Ϊ˵ķŭҲԵü˷ŭ
Ǽʱϵݣ
ݵĿ·ͷԳϣֻһɨͷ֣Ⱥֻ࣬ͨ࣬ǿߣҲΪȺ壬ȴ˵ҲΪһͷǴﵽ˰죡
ʵ⵽˼¡
ݵĿ⣬䵽ǷԳȻŵŮϣеĺ⣬һ̣۷塣
㣬˭
ǷԳ嵱ȷӦ𾪹ȴ¶ɭȻӣԲȺͨڡ
ݵĿ⣬˲ϡ
ֻһۣԳͻȻһţһɿֲޱȵѹһ̣ȻϯĴԡ꿪ʼ·Ҫɴ۾ŴҪкһѹȻ
ۣ
һѪӿĺɺ͸¶ޱȵľ֡һžžڴǷԳͻȻͣӿѪĭ䣬ۿӵٶȰȥ˵̮Ӻʣ
·ĳֱֲֿѹȫĹʧȥ֧ţ壬̮
Ŀױȵľ֮ɫ·Ҫ˵ʲôȴѾʲôҲ˵žһ·һ̱࣬ڵأȴѾʧȥϢ
ݣѾƽӽ̥򣬸̥һ޶ΨһģҲ岻©һѡɱĿ⣬Գܣ
ֻһۣԷ飬У
һɺ⣬˲䣬зԳǰȴ·ֱֱ飡
࣬һҲɴ۾Ǿֻһ˲֮ߵУȴ֮ɫһ¹򵹣Զأ򼤶ˣݼ棡
ĺ˳
һ̣壬Ҳ˲عһҲɴ۾¶ȣ֮Ĺڵأһ̺Ȼص
ˣݼ棡
ˣݼ棡
ǺȻţ˼ֻʮˣһ̣ȻǺصһɽ֮ϣ˿˷ܡ
վڿУЩ࣬Ŀ⣬ķԳ塣
ЩԳԼĪʮͷͷ֮зԳ壬ȴ·ûлعȫһ㶾Ŀſеݡֱ𣬲ǻһ·Ӧ˹
ʱһߴߴĹŹǿдǵʲô˼ǾʧԿݵĳ֣Ǿֵġ
Ҳǵ˼ĿڼͷԳϡ⼸ͷԳ壬ղŷʳŮһʬ壬϶Ѫһֲ֫ǵϡĿеıһ̣ٶ
䣡
ͬѹһȻ٣зԳһ̣ȻڵأžĴ֮ѪĭǿһҲҽУǿдҶ޴롣
һѹԽԽǿƬ˳ݵȴû˿ı仯ȻĶš
һͷԳ壬·֪Ѿǿһ׷һĺŹ֣·ĳϢأžһͷԳ壬˵ϣ࣬һ̣ٵѹѹ飬е
࣡
ڴ˿̣һŭȻصʣͷգļȻһ޴Уһֻǽɫëľצегֱͷ
ݷ·Ѿ뵽צ֣Ȼ̧ͷź
ҳ
ŭһֱһ֣Ȼɫצͷץȥ
ɫëľצĽɫڿкȻײ˲ǾצǱֲನɫ֣ȴ˿ûֱͣץͷ֮С
ţһŭӵед·𻹰źƬ̣һ˶״̧ͷһȴֻֻɫ֣³һ̡֮ϣȻץһһͷëֻƽɫķԳ壡
ƽԳ弫ΪӴ֮ߣһ̣ɫȫץסУпֲȴΣҲ޷ӽɫݺݵģ˿ռ䣬ק˳
䣡
ɫ֣ͷɫԳ壬˵ϡ
ۣ
һѪɫԳ˳
⣬࣬Ȼһ¶֮ɫ
˶꣬ҲɫԳ壬ǺͷԳ壬һֲֿĴڡǰ֮Ǿۿһ𣬱ͷɫԳһצնȥԴһ̵ʬ壡
ɫԳ壬ȻȻôǰͻȻֵ棬˹
ͷƤȻţһʧȴϣһ̣ӿ൱С

𣡣
ȣ˷ܣܣĿ⣬һ̣۵ݵϡ
𣡺𣡣
ɫԳţзݺڵϣһ޴Ӷ壬ֳһƬۣҪվ𣬵һɿֲȫѹ֮á
࣡࣡
ĿӯѪݡĿݶ
ǰϡ
Ŀϣ漴ȴתͷߡ
ۣܺãȻ壬Ѿһˡݱһ̺صء
˶Щɻ֮ʱļȻش䣬ԭգһ̣ļȻ·һƣͻȻ֡Ʋ㵱УһӰ˳
ЩӰЩ״Щȴࡣһ֣һĿ⣬ݵϡ䣬˿
򾳣ôĵӡһļȻմƸǶУһǰ
塣ǡۣ
ԽƷ޵Ŀֲڣ


1113 ɱ
ɫƲ㣬γɸǶ֮ƣһɽȫڣرãһռ䡣
УһʮӰޣˡǶۣ޻Ρ
ޣЩҪˣѹ壬Ψһӡģֻޡϸ˵ڵ꣬ǱһȵΪӵۣӵۡΨޣû۵ġҪۣҪҪ
ԲϹ仹ڣ޵Уӵǵģֻӵеģԣԡ
ڴ󻪹ѪԨ֮ʱݾѾֵʱ޺ϵһˣǱƺһЩصĴڡ˺һϵе飬ҲϾ룬ɳȺ֮ҲδٸʲôǣҲûȥ
ٴγˡ
ݱĿ˿ʮͷ۵ϣĿ˸
ӡٰʮΪͼµĻȻ޴ӡʱ䣬ȴѾǰع顭
ͻȻһЩ򡭡ֻع飬Ŀǰǰ㵥ⱳ󣬿ܻһЩأ
󻪹޺ϵһ𡭡޾ռ֮ĲȻҲ˵ɺϣݾš
ôǷʲô£
Ŀ΢΢˸ţƬ֮³һڣŵʱ
ݵĿ⣬ӹ·ǰʮΪȺ۵ĳ֣ɫȫ԰סǲʬŮʬĿеĺʢ
еɱ⣬ԽŨ
Ҳãɱ֮Ҳ취΢ֲһ¡Ǿɡ
Уһ漴Ŀ±Į˿
ʮֻۣռգЯ֮ƣѹݡֻǵվգǰͷעʮͷۣϽȴ֡޷ԶĮźһɱʼ𡭡
࣬вףȰԹԽԳʥˣ־ܣΪūΪͣɱһ򡭡һͷ޴ݣ̶ǷɭȻЦ
ԣݣȴ¶Ц⣬һ˿ЦůȴǶſۣǶǰ˿ȴɷףŵŮ
ֲŮϵˮ᣺ʲô֣
ŮĿݣݵЦݺ·ĳħŮһʱ˾ֺη壬΢΢ףЩĵ㡭
ôܺôЦСŮԴŮЩ΢΢һЦʵ
Ůᶨҡҡͷҧ££
ݶʱЦСŮԴ˵¸ңãţɱȺ
ãСŮзųâᶨĵͷĻӦ
ˣֻСŮȴҲѾ

ݲӦϷ۵ĻһС˵ĶԻڿҪȫɱˣʱŭʮͷۡŭը졣

һ춯صյУһ⻪ֱݶֵģ˵ķۣ
һ⻪Я֮ƣֲܣÿռ䶼˺ѡͨ򾳶ԣһֲԵֵ
ϧģͨ򾳣ǡݣ

ݺȻ̧ͷһֲͷ䡣ֲ˲γ֮ǹ⻪ȻһײֻһӴǹ⻪˲ɢһȴ𣬳Ƿ۶ȥ
ⲻܣ
Ƿ۶ʱг˲šŭ֣ȻޱɶԷȻֻһĹɶԷԷֻǵ򾳰
ĵȽף޿ķ̥Ĳͬ岻©Ⱥۣݲǲ©֪֮Ҳֻǵ򾳶ѡȻС
ۼޣͱͨҪǿĶࡣʮǶȻһ򾳷졣
ֻһŭ𣬾ˣͨ򾳣
ʮͷ޵ɫŸб仯ǿֲѾϮ˷۵ǰǿֲϢ÷۸Ӳһ֮һȣҪ㿪

ȻһĮȴļȻͷ֮ϡ۵ëһ˲״ĺȻŤͷȴԭ·֪࣬ʱѾ
ӣӳ۵У÷۵۾Ȼ
ţУֳһƬâ⣬ʶģһ棡
䣡
֮صֲ⣬ϱ˲˷۵ϡֻ˲䣬Ȼը֮ǷۣڿкȻըѪ꣡ѾĲ
࣡
ⲻܣ
һ˵٣ʵȴ쵽˼¡۶֣ݱȡûüﵽϣѾȻһۣ
һУֻڵʯ֮ˣ
ۣһ̣Ȼһɿֲǵͷ
գǶҪݵصʮͷţûӦ۶ߡȻأ
һֲϢأգѾһƬڰ
·࣬ŲţŨĵǣ̧ͷաǵʵѾȫû취ͷս֡
һߣǽɫԳݷɳ֮󣬾ͷţҪѹҪɹ
ʱһֻСɵצӣǰȴֻצֻһѹ
䣡
˲ٶݣǽɫԳ壬ǿһѪ壬·һצ鰴֮£顣ɴ۾󿴵צӵˡ
һ߲ʮֵģɫСɵġ
ɫԳȻɴ۾ԼġСնһצпֲѹ޷һֻǰצȻڲŪë
һ߲ŪëһߣϽɫԳһ̧ۣͷաȻ󣬳ĴһǷ
֮Уֲء֮ϣСȴһǷ
⵽ô£
ɫԳ壬һ̣ҲãȻˡ
ȻãȻδ̫ãʱգļȻָ
ɫԳ壬æ̧ͷŵĵɴ۾
ɢʮͷ۵ӰѾȫʧȡ֮ģһƬģѪˮɵѪ꣡ƶ֮ϣǸ࣬Уȴһ廹ҪԴʮ۵еۡ
ϣſ־뺧Ȼžһ죬۵Դ飬Ѫһ֡ǵУһ⻪ȻС
ǣ۵ڵ


1114 Ⱥǿ
ëԳסˣԱߵ࣬һҲסˣһ۾ŵĿա
һȺͻأÿһͷӵпֲܣ·ԣһĴڣ޷Ĵڡĳһ̣жӿ˾ΪڴˣҲˡһʮǿҲܰɣ
ȻͷûüɢսȴѾˡʮͷǿޱȵۣȻȻȫɱˣ
඼סˣŵĿա
ػָһƬ磬ɢдƬѪ£ɽأȾһƬѪɫпֲ֮ǴҲ޷ЩѪľήض
Ѫ꼴䵽ȺλõʱһƬɫ֣ȴȻ֣һȺ࣬˵С
޵䲻һ㶼ѪҺЩɲͨޣۼĴڡǵѪҺ̺ͬпֲڵ򾳶ްµǿ߶ԣȴǼ˿ֲġϣͬ綾ԪӶСοͨ쾳ࣿ
ѪϣǾֻ·һ
ɫĻڣһȺ̧ͷſУеպ۵һ̤ٳ֣ѾڽëԳߡ
ˡ࣡ëԳеĺȻɢȡ֮ģȴǿ̹ǵĳޣĶݡ
Ҳ㲻Ҵ˵ϻжǵͬ࣬ôݵͷǽëԳ壬ȴǵ˵
ߣҷԳ壬Ųһ̰ҪɱɱԳһüͷͲӵзԳѪǽëԳȴţ죬һ
ܺá
΢΢˵ͷһ룬ΣȻһ磬ǽɫԳδعʱһŽɫâָѾݺݵĵüġ
ɫԳȻɴ۾ĿǺȻ֮ɫ
ݵ۾һ̣˴Ľɫ
ɫԳͫ׷ɿãһʼĺȻãȻ󣬻һƬն
ڻնǰһ˲ɫԳɫȻһƬĿһ˿ϡ
磡
һϸ΢𣬽ɫԳȻһ˳ȥһ֮ɫʱһƬջָ۾ȴĶŵϵķԳ塭
ڵأ΢΢鴤ȴѾһƬնãȻȻѾ֮ʣСһۣջԼǰצյݵǰ
ˣôˣһݵ쳣̲סѯʡ
ݳĬΣųһ૵ǰɳȺг̣Ҫʱֹһˡ
ôˣѯʡ
ԳϾҲǵ򾳴ڣ֮ҲΪǿ󣬸ղǿԼ꣬û취ѻꡭɵĲ֣ȴõһϢĿڡ
Ϣһ£ȴġ
壬Ҫˡ
һ
һΣǰ̽ԵĹȫ񿿽ʯŶѾ嵱ѪѳεˡһΣˡૡ
ΪΣ궼ȥˣһֱΧǹҲ̽ԵģΪͻȻҪܹЩ⡣
Ҳ֪ЩεҡҡͷԼץסһЩأԳ̫ϣܵһ̣ꡭ
˵һĿ΢΢˸Ҳ²⣬õǲݵйء
룿ǲݣһ˿󣺡൱֪ҲɣΪЩ֪
˵ҡҡͷҲŪֻ̫ôһ˿²ˣǶǴҲ˵
ô죿زôĬƬ֮ȴѯʡ
ڻȥҲˣ֮󣬽ͻῪʼһȥҲޡĿ˸ݳ˵
գȫ·ɸе־֮£ϵܷӵҲ󡣶ҸҪǡ
ҸϻȥҺСսҲԴ壬ܵǱȻġʱսڲҲܺ𣬱Ȼд
ֻನòܵشһһڲô֣ǼΪֲġ㵲סҲԪˡ
ⲻԸ⿴ġ
ô죿ͨռ䣬֪ǿߣǼ˵
֮ҡҡͷĿ㻹ûҵ˼ôҵ˼һĹǱķ
ˣüͷѾ´ǶѾʼᣬôҲóȻɣǡ
˵ǣһ٣Щʯţ
һ۾۾УȴѾһƬ
ʯţʯĸҲǿҪУΪе̫࣬վԴɡ
һ·ǹעһˣξϵ壬Ҫ仰˵ʯŵУֻʣЩȽСĺҲţһʯŵϢﵽ֮ǻԲܲ˵ȥ
ʯţϳͷԳļ䵱пԿƺʯŶǶԣһЩΪҪڡʲôأԳԱ̫죬ݲ֪𰸡֪ʯʲô£Ⱥ壬ǾԲӵģ
뵽ٲɡվŤͷһࡣ
˿Щ඼ѾعݵУһƬܡԼһ˿˿ڴ
ЩĿ⣬ȴһĬ
ȻӷԳоȺ࣬Ҫǻȥʵݲûа취
ϵ಻֪ж٣ƾһˣܾȵ˼
ΣڵϦŸҪҪȥҪǣƵ岻ҷſֽȥôȺˣ͸ûа취ߡ
أȻǱˡ࣬е죬ӻ԰ĵڵ֮档񡭡Ѿȫݣ¡ֻ࣬ͬһܡҪȫתԣҪǿ߹
ݵһβΪٸȻҪȺ֧֡һ˵ǿ󣬲һȺǿȻӵн嶼ɱʵΣûʱȥɱɱ֮ޱߵĺУŸ壡ɱһȺһȺɱĸɾ
Ӵϡ
ݿôǿ϶ġܡ
кܶҪȥ֪󻪹ԼھǸʲôϾطػΡ
ͻȻһ򡭡ΪεҪӡ壿ֻԵɣԵһ
Ⱥ̫ˡһμģû취ǿ󵽿ƾһ֮в߶ɱôԶܸǡ


1115 ȥ
Ⱥ̫ˡһμģû취ǿ󵽿ƾһ֮в߶ɱôԶܸǡ
һ˦ֻһļȻһţȴɽͻȻһƬѪѪŨħ֮ӿԭɽеʮͷ֮Ѫ
ŨѪգѪȶֲʮλ㶼ľ֪ǰλҪʲô
ѪڵУļȻһաʱһƬѪת죬漴ԽԽ죬ĺγһƬѪ籩籩תµһ̣ļȻһһһߣʵµѪɫ뵡
Ѫɫ뵣ѪҺɢаĹâ
ü֮Уһ塰Ȼ֣ʱһֹ֮۵ָָ⣬ָʱһֹ֮Ѫɫ뵵Сÿһ֮Ѫɫ͵ıһ˲·ڹʲô
һ಻ʲôȴҲҶһ£ֻǿš
̣˽յĹǧٵֹ֮С

һĮȣݿдصһ˲䣬Ѫɫ뵣ļȻ⻪ʢҳ̶ȣõ඼̲ס۾ֱӡ֮⻪Żɢȥһ̽ĳѪɫ뵴ȥһ֮ȴǵһ
ѪɫѾʧȡ֮ģȴһѪɫӰ
·Ǹ࣬¾ΪѪɫѪɫĳۣѪɫĳѪɫͫסļѪɫ
վԭأȴһֲֿѪ֮ʣֻǿһۣ𵴣Ѫ
˿̣ѪɫӰֻǾվţͫ׵УһƬľګͣ顣
´һۣ漴һֻֻһȻѪڿеСŮüĵУӿһѪѪüģȻɳڿһ֮ȻѪɫӰüġ
СŮȴһãĿţ֪ʲô¡
ŮѪҺüģѪɫӰȻһ漴ĿеľګͣǱɢȥ·ĳǡһһӰٳ֣ȴѾŮ
˶ʧɫ桭
ȻСŮȴδţɴ۾ĿѪɫӰ֪ΪʲôѪһˣоһ˵׽
Ѫܣʮͷ֮Ѫɡ֮ϾȫڵУҲܽڵУпܻ۲ˣҲ㹻˿ӵо۷֮ͨҲ
ݵһ֮󣬲
֮Ѵ꣬ЩʱգȻȻѧᡣݿСŮ˿СŮĿ߱߳ߵѪɫӰƺûݵĻ
棬𣿡ȻݵĻȴһȺ඼Ǵһƺݵȥ֮һһˣѯʡ
ش䣬һһŤתĴ˵κ²ҡֻҪģ˿ԻȫҲ̫ġƽҡҡͷ˵
һԣ㶼ɫ԰ѪȻ˼ֻ޴롣
Ψɫ֮󣬷·뵽ʲôֻһڵأף棬¶棿̰л¡գѪñΪ湩ƣĤݣҹҹȼĴ˶
ߵصɽΧʮŮһҲعĿ¶֮ɫãҲڵأգ
Źڵصʮ࣬ݳĬƬ̣վһݡ
ݡݡ
ૣ·Ҫֿ꣬ٶԶأмлѪ֮
лѪ֮
ˣҲĹڵأš
¿ٶָ΢һ⣬ڡ߻һţֻ˺԰׵ɫ˲Ұ׵뷢Ҳһ𽥱ڣԭ͵ΣȻͦ·ž
Ƭ̣ԭѾнľߣ·ϵһ⣬ָʮϵഺ
߻ɴ۾ΧҲˡǲûмֶΡʱ⵹һ񼣣ȴ׼
ϣ桭ߵ
΢΢ҡҡͷָһһΣһö⣬ȴŮüġŮ˿ѾعĿݡǽ֮Ůʱ΢΢ɴ۾һԻ񵽼µӿڡֲСŮ˵ȴů͵˼£˼¡
ӵмǿսȴܹǱĬ֮䣬壬ʣԽԽáڹؼʱ̣ɱһɱΡͨ򾳣ն
Ϊ⵱У̺ݵѪй
⵱УһЩеĹŮ֮󣬲˵ܿ죬򾳡ϣûκĵ·ͨҪࡣ
ȺˣݶԲƼˮꡣ˼ȴԸһЩֶθǡνĻԵ컯
ЩݱҲͣתݷһ˿ɫ̧ͷһʣһ粽ʧ
ĵСҲڴ˸Ƿ֮һͬա
棡֮»ָഺߣĹ˵ϣĿںš࣬һˣҲڵأĿʧķ򣬸жˮۿ𡣶ǺݺݵĿ˼ͷվ
漴ǵĿ⣬СŮϡ
СŮݵĽɫâѾʧ˵ϣͷһʧķС
С˾ҵӡѾ¡ǸˬЦº˵šţɱȺ棬ԶԶҲǡ
С߰ɡߵŮŮԴ˵
˿˶СŮһεõôˡңϣ
СŮԣջĿ⣬ŤͷԼүү
үүǡлôʵ
߳Ĭ֮˵ͷᶨֻҪȥһգǻټġ
СŮ㶣Ҳᶨĵ˵ͷ
ȥ֣ȴСŮȫס衣ڽ·ϣôΪҪȥ
ˣ﷢˴սֳ󶯾֪ʲôʱͻ޹Ǳ뿪ɽȥܡǵһĬѪɫӰಽĸšĿ⣬СŮ
ǲǼӣػ


1116 һĻ
Ǳˣȴδ뿪ǡǡ෴뷽򣬷˹ȥ
ɫһƬòֵɱػһΣҪɱ䡭
ٶȿ쵽£գۼ䣬ԽԽԶ
ԽԽԶһϯɱ¾ʽʼ

Ⱥ棡ܰܰ
ɽУһȺò壬׷һȺࡣȺԼĪΪʮˣŮ׶У˿̣ǶѳΪǿ֮ĩɫ԰ףУž
˵׷ʵϷŪӺʡΪͨˣǿߣҲΪȺ壬ģҲ졣
ǷЦЩùŹֵڣ˵ĻȡģȴԼԣЦ˵ʲôǵϷŰıȴѿǣ⵱һϷ

һһŮӣڵأֵĴС
Ůӣ󣬾һͷ壬ŮˤʱЦһѣ㽫ŮӸץס

ſ
һȺ࣬ʱͣȴǽֵĴš
ſãԴЦһϷŰ֮ɫȻһ̣ͬһۣȴֱһŮӵĲ
Ůҽûüɴ۾Դ䡣ѪӿһţѪҺȫ˶С
һӣˣܲ˵ĳ˹ȥ۾죬ʹͳޣҺƴˣ
飡
һӰӶʱ˳ȥ˭֣ûп壬ˤڵأдƬѪ
ʵ̫࣬ˡ
ȻŮӣ͸¶ضݵʹࡣ

ޣ˼¡
ȻӦģͬ飬ĴЦŮӵʬںܶʱͱ֫⣬ʳȫʬ
Ⱥħһգһգ棬ȻὫȫɱһ
ڣˣšдžгޣ
𣿹º£ɱҰɡһͷЦùŹֵ˵š
ˣˣɱ˴ȥɡ󷽣һԸһЩ壬ĵĴһǷƽ˵
ĻʱЦǵٶȻӿ죬˲䣬㽫Ⱥ࣬Χ˵С
ϣֳ꣬գǶ㲻ȥô
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һͷţʱ壬˹ȥ
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һ̣ļȻһƬɢ䣬һµϢȻش¡
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Ķͣԭأţ壬ͷһ룬˵ϡĲ
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ϣͣǰı顭ǲǾǿ־塣˷ܡ
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Ƶᣬ
һȺ۵ȴãȴ۾ǰһĻļȻɴԼ۾
ǡôˣ
У¶ãȻ̧ͷ졭
գһƬεûаء

һһУͷ壬ΧһٸһӤˮ
ӣӡóԡóԡһͷС壬ﲻͣ˵ŹŹٸĻ˼¡ûпޣûнкֻĹԼеĺӣ
ͷСͷһ촽ֳٸץȥ
ٸϣֳŨľı۾
Ȼȴ죬崥壬۾Ȼɴ󡭡ǰͷ壬ȫͷ·һն룬˵ϡѪһء
ٸãڻع񣬽źӣ˳ȥ
ֻ֪֮£ֶܼáΪ˺ӡ֡

ҰϣɽС
ǰĴսܸաⲢʾϾûࡣʵ̫ˣǵвڻɽ߳ؽ䣬һ١֮峤ֱ룬ȥĵǣԵһݴϢ֮
Щ࣬Ҳû취ǰڣƽ͵ͬСĵĻɽҰ֮УΨֱ巢֡
һ֣ô˵ȴǵģֻ
һ·Ƕȥֻеһ·֮ϣͼɱĲ״Щϵļʱδɱ磬Щ౻ȡЩȴһѳɶ֡
ľķŭһµģۿһȺ壬̵ĽиĶ׿ȡѳεӤԹӴ룬ǷڻϿ̸ۣӣһֺóԡ
ݱŭ֮£ֽȺɱ˸ɸɾûκ屣ȫʬйȴܵı⡣
ʬ鲼һʮ˵Ķ飬ŮٶУȴûһʬģȫǲ֫ϱۣʳĲӡǼиǱ䳡֮ѪȲпᣬǼѪȳݣ̲סΪ֮
žν࡭ⳡಶ׽Ұ޵ĳǲ׽Ұޣ΢һЩˣҲ˻ӵҰޡЩ塭
ȭͷšɱǷǰǵķ򡭡

ǣĳУġռΪ㣬˿ȲǣСʢʱ򣬷̶ȣ֮ǻЩ࣬ϣǲµġ
˿̵ǣȴѾģƬƬķ棬÷ĳеС̮޴ѣ岼һ鲼ϹųڡڣǱøȫ̵֮Ѿ𡭡Ǳ˽Ƹնԡ
ģٲ࣬ǳȺû塣Щûʻʵڳеĸ䡣ĽֵΪǴֵĳһᣬΪǵСѡ׷ս
ָıưȵȶ˵ΪĴܣһƬҡ
ڣûˡʵϣСҺܶ࣡
ǵģ֪ʱʯʯĶһ̵ģ߶ҲɡһǸǧɣԶȳеҪߵĶĴڡ
ЩʯͨڣķͼڡһɲɣӣֳаϢĺɫ壬ʯһأУ졣
ʯܱߵǧ﷽ԲнƵγһ޴ĻΡ࡭С


1117 ɴŮ
ൽʤǧ﷽ԲȫˡûнûڣéҲûСסе࣬һɫƣľͣĵԭءһɶζžϢصǧ﷽Բ
ǧ﷽Բ֮⣬о޴磬Ⱥ࣬УŶ
Ǿôţûǰţչء
ԼĪʱֵӣļȻʯ֮ϣųޱŨĺڹ⡣ڹ˷Բǧ඼˵Сڹĳֻ֣ļ̌ͷһʯûκηӦɺڹ塣
һ̣ԼĪʮϢңڹȻգʯСȺɫ΢һѪɫ
ò͡Ǻɫâһ֧֮һ˵߿
Ǿôľţնͬʬ
֮⣬һΰׯ԰ׯ԰ڵڣ˿̣ȴѾռݡſ˵Ѿ֪ȥǰͥԺ㶼һƬ棬Ψеһ¥á˰칫֮Ѱʵڵн֮άʶսвδٻܣӵӣﷴǱռȥ
˿¥ڼΪ֣岻һ¥ǰȥһɪ֮ȴԼԼ
һֻ¥ڵԭΰ辡Ա˳ȥտĴڣһȺɴŮӣظ衭һȺֱŮӡࡣ
żԼʱӲЩظŮӣ鲢ƽЦݽӲɫɷףȴòǿԼ
ǸǰһŲ֪ӺδĴ󴲣ôûʻʵİм䣬ĵĻ£֣ʹ˿УϡһͬŮһӰ
Ļǰͷò׺ݵ壬ǻ壬ӵнΣȴһͷͷ֮кɫ״ëһž޴η
Ϲʱʲô壬޵ΪҲֻǵ򾳶ѡսǿͣҳϣ֮ͣͽ˶ȺսЩƺ壬ʶϹʱڸ嶼Ϊ׷ū͵Ϻѡ
ʱͷ壬һ˶һƺһ˶һ̣վڴ󴲵࣬ʱǰظŮӣ¶ʳֻǲðȻʵʵվš
˿̣һС⡭һŮһѶĸߵ赸ʱΪĿ־壬彩Ӳһˤ˵ϣʹͶҡ
ţ
һȻĵħȻֻᡰšһȴ·ĳħø裬ʱͣ
ˤŮӵɫˢһ±һƬҰףɪɪڵأȴһҲҶ
ܽô
𣬻ص¥ˢһһɫƥǰžƺϵľƺʧĻڣǵӰӣ·׺һڣƿӡ
¶ģһǧĵסݣҲǺ֡һỬļѩơϲݣŵЦݡ۾һ˫Ļ֮ĵۣ֮ɣ·Ҫ˵ĻҲȥ
촽ˣССĻȣ·ʱʱ̶̿΢Цֻ˿һӣСڣȴһƬ硭һѪҺ壬ĴߡȴΪƽһĵ
ĳ֣Աͷĺ񼱴ҲֻǼٶѣǿҵľ裬ŶԷ߸¡ֻһ㱡ɴزһۣԴŤͷơһڿˮվһԡ
ŮӼҵĲ
ū澣ū澲šŮɫ԰׵˵šԳū澡
ϵŮȫ˳˼£֮һɫɴģأӯӯڶ䣬·ʱ۶ϡ£·ֺͷ£ɢ˳˭ⶼһ㾡µ˶
ӲҪҳһ㲻ͬţҲˡǸ̵β֮ϣһβͣ˳βͳִɫë׵ģǵƽ˼ġ
һ˫弸ҪɬɴԾŮЦ֡
ȻЦ棬Ů⻰ȴɫ䣬ŵĶʱ˳ͷ
ˡ
ͷʵʵĿڵϣʱŮӵĶͷ߳Ѫ֪
ɴŮϸֳһ˿Цݣû˵Ҫɱ㣬ΪҪ
ŮӵĶʱһ˵ļȻ۽ǣһ׹⡣ţֻԼĲһһɴ˲佫˹ȥ
ŮӷһУſɴŮӣѾǰϣŶԷβ͡
ŮӵУֳһɾ
Ȼ˵ˣɱ㣬˷һôɴŮ΢΢Цţ֣ӹŮӵǰŮӻȻһɴ˵۾һҲܶˡ
ĲӣѪɴŮӽӵ뻳Уȴ캬Ĳϣһڿл̵ѪСеŮӣʮϢʱ䣬ۿӵٶȲȥں㷢ֳһ˿ҰףģԽԽࡣ
ȵɴŮӽſʱѾĲģﻹ֮ǰģֱͬһϰʮɴ۾·Ŀ
һƬžŮɪɪţȴû˸˵һ仰壬ʵʵվԭأһ£͵ٿˡ
ɴŮӳ·ʳŮӵѪҺϵĹʸӶĿһ֡һЦֵϳȥɡ
һæСܳȥȥŮӿڼС˳ȥŮǻӲţòٶ趯ɪ֮ٶȻص
ʥ棡ʥ棡
ŮתҪٻشȥʱһʧȴ˵ԣڣܹŹ֡
ʱͣüӹһ˿ãſڡֻһӰ˽
ʥ棬²ã²ã
Ӱţܵ¥ڡŮǣòͣ˶ηĹһԡ˿̾ͿԿܽģһμ䰫С塣ɫëһβ͡ȥͬһֻŵ
ʵϣ֣ͽҹ塱
ҹϹʱһŲŵ壬ʵϣ嶼ǣ֮Ϊ顣ԭ򲢷ΪжǿжôɱаŶһ塭ʵΪǳĵСȴΣûаֹһ־նԺ͹ŶһᲢۡ


1118 ִ
壬κʱڣǲΪϲġ
ʵϼڣҲ塣µɴŮӺԵĻ壬϶¶˼
㰡ʲôСֵģɴŮӵһۣת齡ҹеġ²áǲôϵġ֪ĵСǳġ
ʥʥˣĴ²ˡҹ龪֣еˣԳʥˣ
˵ʲôҹϢɴŮԭ飬ʱһȻתҹ壺Գײһֱϣô
⣬СҲ֪ˣҹ屻ŮӵĿƵ亹죬ֻҧŵԴʥ棬иʥ壬Ҳˣ
ʥ壿ɴŮӵĿʱô£ϸ˵˵
ˣԿɡҹԼ˵Ĳǰλķȱ컹ʥǨŭּȡһ龧壬˫ֹĵݸɴŮӡ
ɴŮҲ˲һץ˹ȥ
ͷһıʱѿ
Ȼˣ
·𿴵һЩʲôѶϢɫüΪѿŤͷҹʲôʱģ
ҹĿ£ҪϢҲη嵽˼£ֻܵǣһʱ֮ǰ
һʱ֮ǰɴŮӵɫʱüѿҹ񣬳˱䡣
ҹ岻ҶԣԴɪɪ
ֳʥڼ֮´ţʱʱעԳʥ㾹Ȼһʱ֮ɴŮӵԽ䣬ҹ־嵽£ʥ󣬴ˡģ
ɴŮؽҧһƬŭϧ
أһƬ׹⣬Ȼҹ廹˵ʲôȴ㵵ķ֣Ѿ·һͷȴԼѾʧȥͷ­塭
վ˵һԴأһƬ
ҹ¥գص˼¡ŮӶԼ죬ˮסҷһ˿ǻ壬ҲǾԶ
ɴŮӸղŵӺʣһȫʧȡ֮ģĮԼһִӹɢа䡣
վԭأеľơȻһ䣬Ŀзâ
ˡ·ߡ
ɴŮͻȻ֣۳ɵ·ߣֱǶģ
ɴŮӵɫøѿ
Էٶȵ죬ҪϵǣҲҪһҵʱ䡭ֻǣ֪ΡѵõϢ
ɴŮɫãּ䣬һơеǿڴˣȻϳơ
ɴŮӵʶʱռ䵱У۲㿴Ƭ֮ϸֳɻ󡭡Ƶеĵĺ֣ǵֵУȴʲôŸСɴ˿ɼϢδй¶
ôô£
ɴŮɫüֵͷơһΣɫȴһ䡣
Ȼ٣
֣⡰ʥ֮ϣһ塣ǣ͸ղȥһȺеľ룬˼֮ңֻôһĹ򣬾ȻҲˣ
ֻ˵һ⡭˵Բ٣
ɴŮӵɫʱǰδеأ̫ʱ̣еĶҪˡܵƻĻͷ飬пܻʧܣ
ʧܵĺ
뵽һȻ˾ϣͷǻһξѵĿѻ壬ϧۣٶȸȥʯţʥ
ʥ棿ɫʱһ䣬֪Щˡ˲ö룬æǣ
ɴŮӵ˵ͷٲɣ첽˳ȥ
Ŀͻ뿪ŮӵòݡֵͷһƣƬ֮һҧȴ߳¥ֱԶɫʯȥ
ɴŮ뿪ˣ¥ھֻʣһȺŮӡһۣ΢һǽգһˡ
Ҳֻǽնѡ뵽δŮǵϣֳɬЦݡ

ϵ飬ǲ֪ģȻһ·ǰǵķ
ٶȲ죬ɢʶڰеࡣ⵱УвϮ֪Լһû취嶼µġȻˣҲӲ
ңо֣գɱЩ塣
֪Уµ壬Ѿ൱Ӵ
ǷԳļȻûξϵ壬ϣѾ١ӣȥ˲ˡ
һǰһɱҲˡ
ϵ壬ǿߣҲĳ̶ȡģ죬ڸĴڡȻǲġͱҪǿĶࡣ죬˵ѾΪǿᡣ˵ȴʲô
һ·˵ҲѾ˽֮ңôңԶľ룬һͷԳԼʮͷ֮⣬ûκεϵĴڡ
ȻսĴڣȥˡɴ˿ɼһҪһˡ
λúǹؼһƣôܵеͼƣǳˡ
ϵҲԸ־淢ġ
ʣաҵüӿٶˡ
뵽һٲɣļȻӿٶȡ
ϧۣңо·ֻڴгʱգų֣ģͣ١
֮ǰСЩģ֪ʲôʱ䣬СͻȻþֱ˶䣬ͷǲͣʶƺʲô֡
ֻһĸ·ݣδ־ٶ
ɽʱһӴĳǳأڳݵС
ȻѾȱһ֣Ǹߴǽ֮ϣȻϡԿǡ֡
ڵ꣬ȻһΪΰĳУ˿̣ȴѾĿꡣֵ֮ϣɼӰ࣬һҲûп
ʶһ·ȥȻûв࡭·ǵ࣬Ѿһ㡣
ݵͷԽı䣬ǹɱԽʵء
յУ·޴ӷ֡Ҳ̫̫࣬ڣûд㶯֡ڹ۲졣
ǰ˽һʱʱ֮󡭡ģģԽĿ
һֱ֮ݵ壬Ȼһ͵̧ͷһȥĿУ¶ģһ𺳣Լŭ
һ̤ĸ˸֮ٳ֣Ѿ֮⡣ȴǰһĻˡ
ԲǧķΧȫࡣͷ顣ӿиӣڿһ͵ѣҪƣ
˳Ⱥм俴ȥܿģˣ߰һ߸ġɫʯ


1119 
ڿɫʯĵһۣݵı鶼һ˿仯Ŀиֳһ˿ء䲻֪ʯкʯ͸¶˿а⣬ȴǼΪˣ·ʲôֲ
Сڿɫʯһ̣ȻëȻʯͷ˵ٴеģ
ݶʱһСؾˣ֮ǰ붼⡣ֻǿɫʯȻôķӦ
ʯʲô
Сʶæһ߰һߵѯʡ
ݵ֣·С˼İȫУ΢΢һ֮ȴҡҡͷ飬żǿìܡһ棬ԴŨļɵǰһ棬Ի󡭡
֣СӵбԴս˵ʲôס֮ǰȥɱʮͷۣδҪС𿴻ԳסԳױ֮ʣȴöֽ֮ѹһϵеӵв۵ġ
ӵкյӵв֮Ϊǿᣬ˿ݡ·𲻶ñ֮ݹͨᡣ
ڴŭħ·һʱ䣬ҲԹҪСͨվʧܡ
Դ˿һʱҲֲ̫С𾿾Ǹʲô˼üƬ֮ҲֻʱһߣжԴȴһ˿衣漴Ŀ⣬ĸһЩʯ֮ܵ˵򾳼
ȻѾ֪ҵĵضνʥĴ֮ô
ٶСԴվΣȴǵȻĿˡ
ʥ壬Լͳơһ㣬ǴԳ׵ԺȡϢ
󣬵ȴԶʯǧԼƽȵķʽĴݣֱӴﵽǧ֮⡣
Ƭ֮һεεǿЦ𣺡˵ЦˣһɱΪɱ˶ʲôͣǣҲǶ͡Ļ˵ūֻһŮӣ׳ȥ
Էᵽ˼£Ҳ˼£ֻһ͹ݵĶ̲סΪ֮һ·Ҫԡ
Ҳֻһ˲ݵݾһ䣬漴۾΢΢
ԷЩϡ
û˵Ŀ⿴ܣ·ޱ޼ʵ˺ȴĬ
ĬʱĸһЩʯ֮һĶˣɴŮӴ˿档ϸֳţǰһƬƾһĲƣ⾵һ棬ֵģݡ
һ߿ݣһʱʱóǿҹеõġʥϸ鿴ԽıԽѿȻ˼ֿ־֮С
ãվûпҪѶϢˡʥȴȡһһ鲻ƴСĺɫʯ顭ϸƿԷ֣ɫʯʣȻµʯһģһϵĺڹ⣬Ҫۼ֡
źʯӹԥֻƬ̣Ŀӹϣ漴ţ̧ͷĿⶢžڵĻ棬ҧУĿ˸ݡ
Ŀƺʲô˲䣬ȴǰ浱еݣһ磬Ѿʧԭء
ռ֮
Ů˲عԼһ֮·ضȻһ˲䣬͵һʯ飬Ȼ飬ͬʱٺȵɱң˵طԲǧ壬㶼Ҫᣡ
˵ͬʱѵʯ飬ӿڣת˲ͬʱǰһ׵λãһɫ硣磬ص˲䣬ͣһֱֱۡ۳ֽɫ̺ż˿ֲȴд˿ֱ̣۾ʺֻвʮ֡
ģһӰڸ֡
üͷ΢ݡ
ŮӵͷƤ˲䷢飬̲ס΢ǿ򶨡
ݳǵʱ֪Լʧˡ֮ǰĹ㣬ԷӦҪʱ򣬲ŻϵǣϵλáҲû뵽ڴ˺󲻾ãԷͻȻʼ١ٶ֮죬ֱš
ʧɫܹڼǿ飬ֻԳ׶˿ءԳͬϣֻʣһ򾳼ս
ǺãսԳ׸٣
˲¾ʯ֮ϡղһֱڹ۲컹ûʥȷԷǷֻһˡ
ԷĿռ֪֮ˡһιģ¾ֻһˡ
ҲǼΪֲһˣ
ղ͸濴ãֱ棬ŮȴоԷǿֲѪѪԹŶһʥ棬йȿ־֮У
ˣ̫£嵱УµһˡĴҪǿҡ
Уԭġ
屾ѪݵѪ۷״̬ҪѪǽħѪȻɱ˰ͷ˰ͷѪҺ˽ɫȻѪȴҲ㹻𺳡
Ҫ֪ϹʱҲ۷ĴڡĴǿ߻Ҫǿ֡ӵѪ²Ѫ֮䣬ҲһЩ𺳵Ҷ
ԭ塣
Ů񼤵ʱ΢üͷݣڳĬƬ֮ڿڡջԼֶ֣
ɴŮҲعףֻһ˲֮֮ϣȴֳһ΢ЦϲȻǸ͡
·˲͵ںԼ̬Ȼ⣬ЦȻģе𺳡
˵еϹʱ۷֮һȻ࣬ÿһλŮӶӵ֮ɫ޷죬ƷʦһȻ鴫ݿǰľŮӣȴ̾һ˵
Ůӵıʱ΢΢һ漴ЦһλŵĶ͡СŮϣ֪λγƺ֪һأСŮҲ˲壬ǶСŮӵһء
Ůҡβ͡˵кˣ嵱У壬Ϊ塣Ůóˣʳ˾ǣġԲд˵¡ż֮Ů˳֮꾫ΪĴ˵
ΪҲβͣʳΪ塭ʵмͬġ
ĲͬǡԻˣȻƽ֮һƣͿԿʵòֻǺģ̬ҲмΪ˵ʵ׽
ȴˡȻȻģ·κһǲһҪ⣬κԺΨмļһѡҾ㿹סȻڡҪǿ̫ࡣ


1120 
嵱ǿܹϹʱʱڣΪΪߵͶ֮͵ˣ֪ԶԱ⡣
Ϊ˶ϡ֮ʧô֪꣬һ壬ࡣԵһڽԼݣŮӣҲһݺ档
ݲûлشֻǿ֣鿴ϲŭ
֣ղǿɫʯͷкɫϢƣڣ˿Ȼд档
ݵĸӦУɫϢ·˽µĺɫʯĪɫʯΧǧ֮ڵƵйأ
ղȻǺնȴҲ·࡭ЩܲľǱйءʵȴе쳣ǵʶ·Ѿᣬ˵ӡǴڴˣͬʬΣҲˡ
Щ࣬Щֻͨ塣һ֣ΪȴͣﵽĶֻҪԽ죬඼ɲȽʳЩˣȴȫƼݣĿľǺܲͬѰġ
ҡҲȫղһƬʱ򶯾ǲСЩֻ࣬ǳտһۣұûκα仯˵˻롭⣬£Ǿܵġ
ΨһĿܣʯйŹ֡
ʲôŹ֣üͷ
ݵĳĬŮͷҲԷĿ㣬̲סһ£Լ̣Լ
֮ݲŻڣ˵˵ɣʯʲô
һЦΪһô
˵һῼǽʯݻ١
һ԰˵ãǴݻʯɱҡЩ࣬Ϊ֮ġ
Ϊһţ۾΢С
ɲСŮܹܵˡϼ΢Ц
˴˿̣ҲȫȻǰ࣬ˣǷǳصġֻҪһ㣬Ҳʱȫˡ
ȵʥ浽ˣһоͺˡȻǿ֮ʥ棬ӦûҪһЩɣаš֪ΪΣ뵽ٿ˶ԷһۣȴĪû̫ĵ
ˣҲֻܿһһˡ
ϵĻشĬƬ֮һû뵽һԵȻ塭
ʲô仰˵ûͷûβһ˲ݵ˼
ţһɫ⻪ȴȻǰӵԺϲһţҲӿһæʲôѵ㲻˵ô
ϽŵģҲ̲סпȻ֪Է壬Ǵ󵽾ˣݣҲѶʲô֮Сڡ
ݱϾݣ֮ᶨԶǳܼȻϲû̫֮飬Ҫ˵ʹ˷Ź֮߳£ȴ޿ܡ
ǡڡ
˫󶯳Ϊһӡڣ٣
־һ֣ʱգһƬɫ⣬⵱УһӰ֡зƣƲݡ
һ˲䣬ݵһƬϵ֮ˣȻûʲô仯ȴٲΪ·ģһǧĵˣһʯһӲݡž޲޶
㣬㣬Ƿޣ㣬ʲô
һ̣ϵɫȻ֮ǰݵֱۣʺʮֵʱɫҲ㼤ҵı仯У¶ǲţǺȻŨĿ־塣
˵ʲôȫԿĻôȴ嵱мٵһ֮⣬Ǿķޡ޵֮ÿһгɵķӣ˼ƽͣʵ̶Ե
Ϲʱڣͬз޴ڡǸʱвˣ˷޵СʳΪʳ֤㲻֮⣬ǵѪ̶ȡ⵱УŮΪƣʳ֮ЧãȻҲеȡ⣬ǲΪݵġ
̫ã൱Ψһ⣬Ƿޣ
֮ǰѾϹʱڵ֣ȻҲ֪ķޡ
һֲӾȻǷޣһӦҪ롣
ȻŸոתȴֵķ֣Լ壬Ѿ޷ˣһɺȻƽ͵ѹԭءδȴж
㣬ʲôˣЩҲȫϱһ̣Ҳ˲ˡ
ģҲɱ㡣
ƽ˵˵֮ȴָֻһ㡭ʱһɷĹɵĽָ˳
⣬ʲô㣬Ҫ϶ʱ龪Ŷȴ޲
Ƿ̼䣬֮ľ룬֮ʣüġ
ϵĶʱͣɴ۾УȴһƬãȻ޴룬·ʶһռ䡣
ݿϣҲЩ桭ԱԴǣֻһƹ⣬ͲȻ׵УԴ˾ȻϹľʹϹľѾȫ˵ϹŻһȫշںһ塣Ҳʤ˵ǧٱѡ
ǣԴ˾ˣ˵飬ݻ״ΡҲ֪жֻһξģԾ֮ȻԷʲô
ƽĵȴţʯϷķȻڣϣȴ·ʲôþУŤʱãʱʱᶨʱ㮻С·ھ飬֮ḻ
̣˽ʱ̵УüθоԷʶ֮ȻҪƼݶѹ
ı˼Σվȫʧϵ飬ҲԽԽãڣһ̾Ͽд飬Ҳһ˲䣬ȫƽ
һȴͻȻ֣ӰУһݣļȻãʱǻϵģׯϣա
һĻ΢΢һ㶣Լ䣬ȴĳĸܡ
·һ̣ĸоһԭޣʵиоֻҪԼһڤڤУһ˿֮һ˿ӡ
˴֮󣬶þžȻֻʱֻؼķ򣬹ʶд˷ֻ֣Ƿһ֣ǧ鸡ڿ֮һ㣬û̫áȴΪˡ
ݶĬƬ̣ջĿ⣬ȴǿϡ˿̵ϣû֮ǰ֮ɫۣȴȻִ󳹴ʸ֡ʣǵòƽ˼ֶɫʡ·˼ƮȻɵķԡ
ַԣΪǡ;ˣĵķԣݣ̲סһͷȻ
۾ĿУһƬƽﻹ֮ǰİݣȻǹĹڵأһһֳƮ֮⡣
Ȼһݵȴ΢΢Щˡ
лڿຣ
Ϊ


1121 Ŀ
ݹŹֵĶϣƬ֮Żͷɡ
ǡϹӦƽһͷվƽ£֮䣬ȴ˿κ쳣
ǱȻˣ
ҲǵһμȻ֮ˣǰͬݣҲͷЩ
ڴ֮ǰһֱЦȻʵֶͨԼԼڲܲ˵Ķ֡һȻ֮˰Լȡ֮ģҲ׵硭磬ж֮䣬ӻ֮䣬ȴϢı
ͷʱеһ󷢺ڷİԵ˸һ֪ǷԵĵطһȻ·㣬ʵѾǡ̶̵İʱʱ۾Ե߸ȴ쳣ڻУ󳹴򡱣ΪԼġˡⲻ֪ȴѾڲ֪УԶʧȥҡ
ⲻͬȴӿ¡
ݳ³󿪿ڵ˵˵µʯô°ɡ
ΪͨǧҪãΪ졣Ȼ֮ݾϵķνҷ𣬷ȫģǹϵķݱ˵ĵν⼴⡱仰˵˵κһ仰κһ£֮ǰǷϵ˼룬һ̣ȻȻΪܣͬˣκ쳣
ݵѯʣҲû룬شˡڴ֮ǰֿܡ
Ⱥأݽѯʡ
ƷƽӦ
ƷݣҲ̲סһ䣬Ŀжʱһ˿ɫ
һŭ϶ʱɫƽĹ˵ϣûη壬ô˵֡
΢΢ϢƬ֮ѯʣĿĺڣ
Եɲ֪¹شֻÿʯŵ֪
ʯ
ÿһʯŶһռ䣬ǿߣΪ
ȻȻǲδɥʧȻóݵ
Ե˵ͷǧޱ޼ʵ壬ҿǵʶ·𱻷ӡˣô£ʲô취
ʱ䣬ǵдͨںϣ֮
ϿʼԴԴ˵ʵģֻҪ֪֪޲ԣ޲֮󣬻
ֻ֪ͨһˡȺȴ֮⣬ʮ죬㶼ӵСҹģ˿С
仰˵гʮڵ壬ѾȺ嵱˼ƷǱȦͨ⣬걻͵ȴ֮յĵ
֮Ҫ²죬ҪԭҪϣҲͨ
ʱгʮڵ壬ᱻƷһ춯صļ˾
ݵĺë͸һóѣʮˣڷ
Ҫǡ˴ֱʵļ˾֡⵱УֻżΪشĿģ
ʲôĿģϲ֪Ȼʥ棬ϾΪޡ¼Ϊӣ֪ˣֻǼѡ
ͨѯʣҲ֪ˣȺܱߣʯšÿһʯŵУӵгڵ塭
ʯŻع֮ǰǲҲа취磿ݺ뵽⣬ѯʡ
ǵġʯŻع飬ҪѪӡΪķӡѪɵġЩӡɶ˲٣ʯ΢һ˲ʱܳȥʥΪȴ̫ߣֻΪﵽˣۿƽʵ
仰ȴѾˡԺееһһһµ硣
ȻΪ˾ع飬Ѿı˺ܳʱ䡣󻪹Ⱥ壬ȻҲǴܱĳʯŵгġҳȥģȻֻǡѪԨı䱳󣬹ȻӰӡ
ϵĻҲ²²߻ôһȻʯŷӡйء
󻪹ıѹΪĳ֣İǰδƣʶɡʱģɲֻдһѡ֪ģڼҼ˱뿪磬Բ֪ҵΣӦǳɹ˵ġ
⻹ֻݵʱ֪ġ֪أֻ»иĵطڵʱӦƵϷ롣
ҲΪһεĳɹʯţǰ˽ʮ꣬ƿ˷ӡɣ
ݰšȴҲЩΡ
˵ЩѾû̫ãعѳɶ֣ˡ
ݼѯʣ뵽ʲôʲô⣬Ҳһһ𡣱˵֮ǰںϵǺɫʯ飬ʵͨһںϣΪͨһֺġҲδƭˣܱͨߵ࣬
׼һ֣ԼɼƷĺڡʥݣΪѪǼΪϵġ
ⲢǲתֻҪλǧĿͷԴڽʯȡֻǧϹʱǳĺɫ󵽶ԷͷϣⲻҪһ⣬Щԭڡ
һһ˵ʱܿ˹ȥɫ£еǺӣ˳
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ʮѾ㹻ˣټһӦǳ󷨵ĻݳһͷƤ˲
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ѵͻȻʲô۾Ȼһɡ
ŭħ
ԺУȻصĸ֡ıȻ
ŭħʮ֮һѾڵд˶ʮ꣬һɱ˳ͷĽħݣ˶СǸط˵ޱԨеһֻϱۣͿֲ˼¡ñԴҲҪĴڣ
ݲ֪ʲôԭŭħԨڣԭѰͼСӵгʮصƾ¡
֮⣬ŭħиֲ֮ءһؾ
ǲŭħ֮Ϊصԭ򡣵еĴڣڵݣҲǡ
˵Ŀ꣬ŭħĻǾЩ̫ˡ
⵱Уʲôأ
ݵȻȻֻ˲Ϣ֪֮Լóѣ
˵ʮ塭Ҳӡ


1122 ޣ
ݳ˼Ÿδڵ⣬Աߵ򰲾վһ࣬ƽž޲
˼֮ڵҪֹ幥ʲô취
õİ취ʯšƽӦ
ŶһüͷϺ뵽һȥˡҲǴȥʯŵģΪֱоʯŻءع֮Ӧ嶼طزǡʯӦþˡʵˣ֪Ȼסʯ֮ڣЩһ㡣
ʲôԵǻطǼƻмΪҪһǼȻѾ¶Ҫ֣Ӧòô򵥾ͷɣԳ׵ļУƺԼΪƺĻǻһֵֻġԭ򣬹ʶѯʡ
У۴ҪǱʮ֮ڹ˲Ⱥͨ졣ǻԭҲܼ򵥡ʯŲòȣΪ̫̫ĺ己ǿһҪȥǴͿԵġͰһ飬ڲһžҪǡʯڣϹʥ֮ѪþУпǵѪһѾﵽ޵壬пܽһȣһ㣬Ǹӿصġ
ϼƽڡ˿̣ͿԿжǿˡ
Ȼһζϴԣ˱ɰ׳աԼΪԷȫ˼άģӶʧȥҡʧȴңǱ޷ʶġ
ڣϼֱ֪޲ԣ޲һжļΪ͸ﻹ֮ǰڵ̬ȣ
ڰ𾪷ԵͬʱҲϵĻһĻ˵ϾѾ֪ʯǵľûǺü۷޻ûǵѪѪ֮ѪҲ⡣
еۣȴ״ţ
ۣüͷ
ӡƿ֮ǰʯۣ֮ǳԽԴǿߡһƣǵָĳһڡع֮գΪﵽǵУľٶȻص
ݶʱһĿ˸ӣŭħģֹǱԴ塭ǳѱԴĴڣ
Դ֮ϣǻ磡羳ܣǿǼ˿ֲġ
е̶ֳȣνһһ콧羳ĴڣڱҪӵĴڡҪǺִڶˣĿǰΪûаҴܵġ
СҲУ
ܿģͷ㱻ѹȥĿзž֮ɫ
Ҫ羳Ҳû취ˣ޷ųʮڵôĪıƷɱңǿΪ˷ӡݲ˵ΪˣЩģһȥ
뵽ҲپᣬתԵ˵ǧǱԴڣ
֮ǰѯʽʯ·ôϵĻشԿ֮ѪѾȻҪ
ǣǧ޵ȷǱԴڣſֻĴѪʱͻƣĿǰԣǡսȱԴȴ̥Ҫǿ١ϻشĺϸ
ݾһ
ǱԴڣǻЩ鷳ֻ̥Ǿͺ˵ˡ
Ҳٶԣ۾ȴǵȴ
ϼݲ˵Ҳٿڣվһԣž޲
ĵȴУɫһҹѾȥ
ֱĳһ̣Ȼ۾һȥ漴ĿУһ˿ɱ
һ̤ʧ
֮⣬һͷӴ壬ڿмٷС
ͻȻҷ˴£Գ׶ѾɱȺ࣬ԽԽ󵨡ߣȵƣ֮ɡҿ໹Ҳôš
һͷΪª壬μΪӴ㳬ǧɣȴͬŴľ޴ӣ۳֮࣬Ŷһ壬Ҳ˿㣬𣬻ۼףɫһ̷âԴ󣬸һԼΪ˵Ĵź⣬һ֪ޱȡ
壬Ϊ壬Ϲʱڶһ֡ӵ̥Ϊ
һͷԾޣǵ츳ͨΪ˺ա˺ռΪֶΣΪɲԴǿһʱ죬пϳԴ
˿̣ͷڿзУĶȥȴ֮ǰѻ崫ݵϢ
ûϿУһʯڵʥ棡
һ·У·嶼ùŹڴкᣬһ·ǰ
ϴϢʮֹĵġ˽ϡȻ忴ֻһƿʵȴżΪ˵ǻۣЩʯŵУֵġȻôżȻԭġ
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ʱͻȻһǰĶȻһ٣һ͵һ
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ֲޣӴʱ˳ȥۼףȻ飬ɫѪ
࣡Ȼ˷ŭ
ȻӲٶ𣬵ûиһ㷴Ӧʱ䣬һ⣬ƿն
һΣģޱ޼ʵӰǷ·һӣڽ֮ϡ
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һܴСδЪڶ͵ȻĶܣҲ޷ܣֻûٶɫâٶȷ
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䣡
ֲȻϯһ̣֮߰ڣпռ䣬㶼飬γһֲ
Ȼδȫ֮һ쵽µķ⣬
һΣĿֱȡԴ
㣬Դϣ

ֳղ̫ŭڸûע⵽ĵʶʱǷ⣬Ѿǰ
ž
һ죬ªԴʱѡ
Ȼڿо𣬽ţΧռ飬𽥻ָƽ
⣬λϼ糾͸һ·̥ޡʹ䣡
֮ǰɱݵ棬
ֱ֮ʼ׹·ݵβ˳ޱһӣʬ壬ʱʧǰ


1123 飡
޵ʬɲż;ȻݵĲƸˣҲɽգֲϣȻܷ
ʬ֮ݵȴ¶˼ֳأƬ¶ϣٲɣһ粽ʧԭءٳ֣Ѿǰ
ϹĿݣδѯʲô
ʯȷеλáƽڡ
ǡϵͷһ⣬üüڣʶһʱԺжһѶϢٲϻתա
ں˺֮ʯ뿪ǧ﷽Բڴ˵صҡԼһ壬ǲ׼ٳࡣ
ݵʧ֮Ŵ
ǡ
ϹӦ󲻶ʱһ쳹ԲԺڡЩ嶼һ¶˾ɲ֮ɫ
ʥôˣΪͻȻˣ
ЩǰץסһЩ壬׼áһ֮վѡ뿪
Щԭ壬¶˾֮ɫΪͻȻˡ
ȴ֮⣬忪ʼŸԶɢһ
ϵ飬ݴ˿Ѿ˲ãݳ䣬Ժʯŵķȥ
֪һȥһȷѪ꣬䡣뵽ڵ壬ҲֻܳĬ
Ӳɱ֮ˣһΣȴɲ
֮޹ƶ
ݣ
յٶȣȻӿ졣СƺҲܵĵԽŨɱҲ˼ɫëУֳһ˿ɫ

ھ֮ĺ֮ϣһʯţնʯ֮⣬壬ںϷ
ϲͬ壬ûȺɱҡһ䣬ٶȱؼɱ֡
ǸԷȺۼԸ岻ͬ໥̸׷òһ̬죬ǿҲܸܵĿ֡
ʯŵȻźƴĿռ䣬αȵ磿ϾκһǻɵġʯţڱǵͬʱҲͬһٴٺȴվҲ
ǳˣȻҪܣɵĿϾѾص̫̫á
Ϸ䶼ſֵζȻȤ
һпǰãһ죬ں棬˲Σɫͷտĺ棬ңԶŸڰ裬Χĺ֮ϣ֣׷𡭡˾续
Щ䣬ڲ䣬Ȼ١һ硭֮ǰࡣ
ңԶգͻȻƾճһɫĹ㣬˸һ֣·̫ĹҲڸȥʯ֮ǰʱе״Ǻ̧ͷ貵Ľ⡣
ʲôɫһŮò࣬п⽫һΪŮɫĳڿа̬ʤաϴһ˿أûײ뱩壬еһִࡣ·ĳտıʯ
ߣһȺͬСãһŲɫ򣬱͸¶󣬿ǿңԶĽ⡣
ǡ֮ϣһȺ壬ڽ֮һҲͣӾ׷𣬴󣬿ա
ţ壬ͷţ໥һʯ֮ϣ徭ٰһֻԴȶ˭ǿ׳Ӯôţϲĳ֣Щţ壬Ҳͣ׺Ŀš
ںϣзԳ壬йŶ壬壬壬С壬Ƕһ̣Ǿ޴Ľ⡣
ǵУǽɫԴտʼСģȴԽԽԽԽ󣬺ܿ쳬Խ̫ûͣ٣ʮףףǧףס
ڣɫĹ㣬ССһ㣬ͻȻǵصʱһǰδеĿֲѹȻϯ
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һҽһ̵ļž嶼סķȥһͷ壬дŲŵľֹâڽ֮£̼ͬ䣬壬ʧ˿СһѪͻȻ
࣬һȻͣ١Ȼ⣬ױȵٶȣϯ˹ȥ
Ůڽ⵱УŲԻ֧飬ѪڽԴϵһ̣гֵģԻ󡣷·޷Ϊ貶˵Ľ⣬Ĳã
뺣УҪ굽ֲ⣬һжͽ֮ͣ£ˮûаáڣΪֲѹΣһ̳Ϊ˽֣谭κ뺣Уֻñ¶ڽ֮£Ȼ֧飬Ѫ
ţĽʯҲڽ»ɻңţֲ壬£Ҳûκεá
ҽ޺һ̣ļȻصʯ֮ǰءκεֿͽͣκӱܶͽ͡ɫĹ⣬ͬɫһ㣬䣬飬ɱһУ
һ˵ʵһֻ˲Ϣ֮䣬ѾɫĹ⣬ͬӵ֮ʯ֮ǰȻһ㡣
һսᣬɫĹɢ٣֮УһӰ˳
ޱĵͷŻѪˮѾһƬͨĺĬšһɫСģСޣҲ߳ıɫëУֳһ˿ڡ
ӰĿ·ĺ򣬵ֻƬ֮ջĿ⣬ø䣬̧Ȼʯ֮ǰû˿ɣһ̤롭

עһѪգʯ֮⣬ȫڣûһʬ塣ѪȾ˺棬ನţѪɫˣĴʯš·ʯŶȾѪɫ
һȺ˲䣬Զǧ֮Ĳĳһĵ֮ϣһȺޣͻȻоһҵʹ
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Ŷһʥ¶һ˿ɻеһ˿ľʹ·ĳҪĶԶʧ뿪
ߣĴʯŵУҲͬʱס࣬¶˾֮ɫ
һ£˹Ŷʥע⣬ŹֵڣǣҲоʹ
ͷоʹģһͷһ塣ݿĳȴ߲ʰ֮ɫüЩ١
һͷȴһͷţ塣ëƤɫ˫к⣬ͬüͷࡣ
ش鷢ˣЩǣĻѰȻش鷢ˣ


1124 Ȼ
Ҳһţʥ棬Ҳ鼱٣ڡ
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ʱ䣬ԼĪյĹ֮󡭡
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ԱߵţʥȻվ۾һƬͨ죬ͷ˰۾Բɣǵʯţ
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ţʱһ۾ԽԽ죬ԽԽ죬һʯƾ֮Һް
𵴿ռ䣬ռ䶼Ѻۡ
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༸ˣסˣ׷ȡƣСһ֮˵壬ȻһЩˡ

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ĿһƬĮһ֮ȴȡơ
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ݵϢ߲ʰ쵵֣ռڣҫҫԡ
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ֵܣʯô£
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ݵĻʱˣ
ʲô弯˲ȺҪҲ
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ԭǰȡǱǰ
򾳾㶼ͬʱϣһ̥ǿߣҲɫ
һƿպɨ˲
˵ô֪飿
Ȼ֪Ϊβ֪ͨǣڲ֪ͨ
û˵Ļô൱ͽ֪ͨǣǱ϶֣ôҶ׼һĹǽҲֻƴˣ

һɨ㶼̥ǿߡ
֮ڣȻ۾һ


1125 ֮
õϢпѾۼҲܱߣʱռԣڱչأ޷ϵʾ£
ߵʱһ䣬ȡռ䣬һɨ֮󣬶ʱ仯һӰƿնĸ߿ա
漴һ̧ͷȥ
ʱ䣬۵Уһİ׹⣬ƿգȻԶȥ
Ƭ֮󣬰ߵȻһݳ
ĿУһͷͷ׶壬ڰ֮ĺ֮ϣ죡飬ʤÿһ𣬶ӵаϵΪУ򾳼ʥ档
ɫٳһ֣ջĿ⣬һвΧ֮ڵĵ
ˣս׼
һ˲е򾳶סԣģ
޸ԣģ
ͬһʱ䣬ռڣ
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һʱ䣬˶ŭӡȫȻ
ͬһʱ䣬֮ڣ´İߣĬƬ֮һΣٳ֣ȴѾĵĹ֮ǰ˵أס֮
֮ǰ鷢֮⹬û˿ܱǹ貣֮ȫ֮
һüͷվüĽһһϢ֮漴ת뿪ȴǳŲԵȥ
ҵǰ
ոշɳһȺǿߣȴѾڴ˵ȺΪ׵ģǼ̥
һˣ漴΢΢ͷҲ˵ХУһȺǿߣֱԵȥ
뿪֮ʱǹ֮ڵ룬Ҳ۾˿̵״̬Ա֮ǰҪ࣬ɫ԰ףȴȻżɫҧ˫۵У鲼Ѫ˿
ǰռڣһİǲݣϴ
үһ֫үˣҲݣҲݣүҪˣүҪˣ
޺ţûϳ˱ˡȷҲɢ̫࣬ͻȴ޷뿪ķ
ҧյ˷ԡּȡƣʶһ֮ɫȴЩӡ
ݡ
ૣ漴ƣһʱǰһİǲһƬҶӣ°͵䣬Ʈ˳ȥ
ǲүһ֫ҲҪ쵰쵰ǲĴ˿̣Ѿֻʣ֦֮ϣһͬɫǶġԴͺͺ֦ɣȥ¡һ̣˼¡
벢δĴСУһƬҶһסҧУֱԼؿڡ
䣡
ֲȻǲݵҶӣһ̣˸źɫ⻪ڡ

ݵϢȺеǿߵĺ䶯ǲϵǿǿʼжҲһ̣ǿƿնֱ򡭡
ҪԣǿߣͬҲһʧأôĩգҲָտɴˡ
ǿ߶ȻʱԶĺĳһµµصһΣȴڵС
ƣȴòݡ
ݡ૳֣ȴĳޡ
°һ죬еƣ˲ƳƬ
һֶۣһԣߡ
Ҳգȥúɡҷƹɣʱ򡭡
֮ɭȻ֮ɫһղŵж
һ⻪ָȴǴǰһɢ⵭ɫĹ֮ϡ

򰵵ǿߣǿʼжǾ䡣ھ֮ССĹµ֮ϣȺһսǣȴŨš
˶û˵ȴ̵¡һݱãŭⷭ
ǡ
һ죬ţеƣƬ粻֪޴ţǵУҵỊ̇·Ҫȼ
һ죬Ҳƽվڣݵԡô
ʳȴû˵һʱӦãŶ޹Źֵ𣺡ˣֻŽȴûע⵽ء
˸ĹâǶҪƾвǣȴˡˣһʯšɱ˶ٺ󱲣Ǿɱʮϵ࣡
УȻ£ȴѾ˳ڣĶŹŶޣҧʯţνʯŵУռĳϣЩɱ뱻ʲô𣿲ܽ
ŶһѾõ˰ǲݣжʱȫں˰ǲݣҵĶⲻ˵ܻһʱҪɱѾûлᡣѵ˵ĳŵ
ҲУȴҲľͷ˻ȥ
ϹʱǶ壬己ֳǿҲһÿһ󱲣޵УǼΪı
һʯǵͷʥţռĲ㣡ȻʯŶҲһЩ岿䣬ʯűȴֻѡԣһʯȫɱʧ̫ˡ
οЩͨˣѪ
ޣڣǻ塣ĺ󱲣ѪȻΪŨӵоѵģѪʵżһ㣡һȫʧĵλȻһǧɡҲҲһ
£ޣοϴӦ
ҲӦ
ŭţʥ棬һҲڡҲһʯųģʯţҲ޼ΪƣȻҲͬ⡣
ǾôˣһΣ˷֮ƺתκλᡣοŶһ۵ɫΪǸǽãǽвǸϹȥȵѾĸʱ֮ͼѾϵ˲ʱʯһ٣ת뿪ʲô취Ǹʱǵ׻תһʯţǻزȥǸãƽʧһʯţǴж󣿺ߣ޳ܣΪ£
ڣ֮ȻҪһʯţҹŶһͬҪʱ򡭡ͱҪڣѾû·
Ŷ޵Уֳ䵽µĺâ
Ļţʥʥ棬㶼Ŵ͡ãȴһ仰Ҳ˵


1126 
ĳĬÿأţʥ˸ɡ
Ŷ޵Ļͬһˮǵͷϣǻָ侲ġʹ
ǵѪʯűӡʱʱżͬأʯŵУءЩѪ̵𽥷ܳôĹģع飬ӡƣʱҲȫӹ졣
꣬ǼΪؼİꡣҪϴơҪȻ塣ҪȻҪۺýĹķʽսң̫Զ£һ㣬˭סΪ廹壬ʱҵɱսȡպĵλԴԼйıӡķŭ
ȵһˣͬ˵ĹϵƣڲǱȻƣǸʱҪ˹ĸãӵиԴΪֵأľ屾ʵ
ִ֮£һӵѪˣÿһĲƸ
񣬲Ⱥһţ壬ľ񡭡Ǽ֣
ңҺţվ³һŷŭдء
Ȼѡ
ţʥҲĬ֮Ҳһŭ˫Ŀͨ죬ȴٲ
飬ʥ棬Ҳǵѡһ֮ǻûΪģӳһУһɱȻϯ˷
Ǿ͡ɱɣ
䣡
ǿҵɱһ̣޵ϡԭ֮Ľڽգˣ
һм䣬󣬺ȻУʵʵɱǧƵϣȻϯƲ㡣أҲΪ֮ʧɫ
Ũҵɱڿᣬɷ顣ڿУһƬѪȡ
䣡
һ壬ƿն𣬺ѹѹȳ棬գڼ޵֮£Ųķ򡭡

ͬʱԵ󴬽Χ˵УȴϵĴ󴬣֮ϣһһҾ޴ķɴɴ֮ϣվˡ
Ǻ֮֮غԵҲȫȺ
ЩˣŸ죬ЩͳһʽķװҲиģǴŸʽ˿̣Щˣ޷ȫۼһ̧ͷңԶĺ
ЩˣأȴһƬᶨ
ʣǹ
һƬǹ⣬˵УεӴ󣿵ǹ⣬ȴںĳЩо޴ޱȵ󷨣һ飬㵹֮ϣһգγټǳ󷨡
һһߣֶ۾û飬еģһƬĿİסǰ׹⣬·͸޾ռ䣬ңԶĺ
ʯ뻪һֶվաǵɫأĿеļᶨȴһ֪
ʱǰ߻һ£𣺡罭ԶԭΪʮ֮⡮ºȺ֮ˣ֮󣬷ǰȺش˼䣬ҲȺˣΪ¾ѹȻ幥ݱҲȺʮ죬ʮѡʹġ
ᣬȴ鴫Ⱥغ֮ˣϣÿһСǵˣһ̣
ǵģ́ͷʣʲôһ̣ͣϵĶǣŸĸ֣ĸԼĺӣһ̣
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֮пᣬ̰֮ľռʮ죬ʮڣˡ㣡
ҪģأԴҪġҲҪģҪϾҲѪ
ల꣬ҵ͹ǵľģ͹ǵĲ̡ƴʽ΢ڴ֮ǰ޷¶ģһУ֮ƴ಩ˡ֮
˿̡壬·
գˡڣɱ졣ֱָҲʣľ
ᣬº罭Զڴġ
ߵԽԽԽԽ󣬵Хϵɣһ̣ȻȻͦΣһΡɽ˲Ϣ֮ϡ
˵ɫǻؿһѪȴȻŷֱʣ





һֲ̣ȻԲÿһ䴫
罭ԶǰͨٲıԴǿߣڽ֮ǰǶ̥ǿ˵ǼİصĴڡһֱסڣҲǲʲôҪ֮أֻ⻮һӴӼ֪ǸʲôˡʲôƢԡ
ڽգһˣסӼʮ֮ȴҪˣ
ѪȻ̡ÿ˵࣬·Ҫǻ֪սһ𣬽ջǲ֮աһ̣˵Умзŭз񡭡Ψһûеģǿ־壡
ǵģ
ûп־壡
־кã־壬ѵͻŹ
Ǿ䣬Ҳǵһ彻սۼʶԴ̬ȡǲǽ൱ͬǻУֻʳֻ
Ƕ⣬໥пζǶ壬˺ŮӵǾŮӿУȴȻЦۼ
̫̫࣡
һеһУ˵ˡΪκ飬κһ塣
罭ԶԡˣΪأΪΪκԴˣΪɱ¾
ɱģÿһģ
Ȼţǻǿ־壬Ȳ
꣬ǰһգһж˸ı䡣꣬ѹֵ̫̫áգǲҪѹ֡ǡҪ
촦ѪȾ񺣣ǡҲҪ
˼궯ʱ̣ʯҲһƬҧȴһ̣ȡơ
ԱߵĻһĻΪֹһ㶡
󣬱㿴ʯһռڣһѶϢ
һ㶣ȡơȻͿռߴһƬ߲֡
ֵܣ塭ˣ
ǣʯµѶϢ
ڵȴ˲ʱ֮һƬ߲֣˳
ã֪ˡ
΢΢һ㶣Ҳع
ǡݣ
ͬʱ֮ʯŵУ߿һŵӰһ̣ļȻվԭĬݣһ̣Ȼӿ˿񱩵ɱ
գעһѪ֮գ


1127 һ
ʯڵû̫Ȼ֮֡˿ǰ죬紵ƶһƬƽ͡
·ɽ֮ϣڸԵľۼţЦ֣׷Ϸ壬㶼Ǿѳ̶ȲεĴڣоһ㣬ֻӡϳЩӣв뿪˵ء
վգʶɢ֮ңһƬѾǧ
ʯţ֪ж
ѡ಻Ըˡ񣬶Բˡ
ͷૣ۾
۵һɲǣأļȻһ˲ţأʼļȻһ˫ͼ֡
ͼĳֵһ˲䣬ʯڵĿռ䣬·޷أʼһĺۼĿռӵ޸Ȼʯŵ޸Ҫ̫࣬һۼò֮ͬ˺ۣɲ
ͬһʱ䣬Բ֮ڵ壬е쳣̧ͷ㿴ڵһĻ
ѹ
һļȻ𡣽ţǺȻһ졣
ͼڿһţ͵һ·ѹһ硣
Ҳһ硭﷽Բ̼
ľһ˲֮䣬·ޱ߿ֲѹȻ飬Ƭɽأһ֮£һ硣
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ͼ֮һ˲䣬ǵȻãȻ󡭡Ȼը
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ޱȿֲһĻ֣﷽Բ֮ڣκһ̣Ȼը
Ѫˮֻ꣬һ˲֮䣬ѪȾɽ
Ȼֻǵ򾳴ڣĵ򣬾٣̥ǿߵĵ򣬶Ľѡ
̥٣٣Ե塣ֻдﵽԴ֮󣬱Դ֮٣Żͻ˱Դĵ
ݣһ
ĵ򣬾׽١ĵУȻһٲƵϢʩչܣǿֲ죬ԶԶͨĵ򾳡̥
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һ߲ѶϢһ֣ƺ߼ᣬһ磬ʧڿСɱ¾Ҫ

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һΣʹ֮ǰһΣҪӵǿңңǵɫȻһƬ԰ף
ݣҺް
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һĻ嶼ǴΪ죬ʥôˡ
ʥ֪
һۣж¶֪Ǹݵ࣬ΪǵĽѾʼɱ¾
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ţ壬Ҳ֮壬ӻֲ󲢲ԶһȺ壬Ϊ΢һģһ֮£ȻǷ׷Ѫ
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һ̣޺ţȺŭ֮Уһ˿ȲˡģǵҲʼУƺҲһ˿쳣
Ȼûη塣
࣬η壡

һǧʮࣿ⣬ʲô˼
˼ʼȣʼһսʱռڣȴΪݵһϢ˲²⡣
֮ǰ꣬඼ãռ˶Ϊ٣ǰδеãȻСݵ¼굱У״ռķΧȻ˶֣Ƶڣռͬʱʱһ£Ǹоһֶ֪Ҳһˡܹᶨǵģǲã
ݵڲ֪˵ع֮£Ǹе̾ǴĸʱݣѾΪ˲֮ϵǿߣ˽֪
һΣȸ弴ϢϢݵĻôʱٸһӦʱ䡣ȵ֮ڣӦĻж
ҲˣٶȳΪĿ֡ңڹעһһ
ڣٶȷˡֻһ֣ȴûκν͡˶ע£ֵ߲Ⱦ֮£ȴȻΪ۵Ľ㡣


1128 ϣ
޸ʯţ֮ǰĻѵ֣ǡ
˶ڲ²⣬˷ӦҲǺܿ죬ȴš
ܰɣʯ˸ղŲŸϢǰŶʱ䣿̥ǿߣҲô̵ʱ
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Ϣһ壬ˣ
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罭Զ죬ͨȴһϸ룬Ȼ룬ȴҲòϡȷ
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ȭžͿԴµģҪ²ǣҪԶԶĴۣ
ûа취ȥݸսһɱСǣǿǵķʽȥȥ⣬һ˵սȺսǻȡʱ䣬¸ʯţɱ๷壡ǻһȺ塪Ҫͬھ׼𣿣
𣡺𣡺𣡣
罭ԶأȻӿ񱩵ֱʡһͨдݳ죬ۿӯѪǺȣֱʣеƲҲɢ⡣
޸ˣ޸ˣ޸ˣ
Ⱥ壡
࣬۾ҵķ·Ҫȼաǹ̵Ѫͬ棬ȼĵףȼѪҺҪڻ
ͷƤ飬һ̣Զ֮ǰӼҵʿȻγɣӿǹ磬ø
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˵ʿһ̣ﵽ۷壬гţڵǣͲϾͳǵǰȻɱ
⼤ҵգ·Ⱦÿһˡˡ뽭ˡ
ʯͻЩȻĿڼҵ˵һĵĻ֮һȴ±ôƽķ罭ԶٶȣδҲ̫죿
罭Զǲ˵Ŀ⣬ͷɫ鿴һۣƽԶĵ
ģš


1129 ɷ
ʯͻʱðɣĸ˵ͼʿһ㡭Ǵвġ
ûʲôϢʱԾȫƸ۵ľ⡣ʯŵ鱻֪¡һΣȴǼȫĿֶ֮䣬嶼ΪĻ
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ǳϻǲϣݣȷѾΪܷƿֵĹؼˡ
ֻҪܹĶƻʯţЩù֮£ȻҲ޴룬˱ֵܣһжˡ
ʯаš

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ǲݣƾ֣ͣǿʬɽѪּӳ֮£ݵȴɸǵԺС
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䶾ĹŶޣһ̣ڿԺйݵĻʱ򣬶̲ס΢΢
ɱһΪΪۣİˣΪۣ˿̵ݣɱ˺ֹ
һ֣Ѿֹ
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ǲţһ棬Ƿŭǿ񱩡һ棬ȴδҲмֵĺ⺮Ժ󷽣δ棬ֻͨԷƽȾѪ֣ϡģһġݣ
ӿٶȣ
͵ıȳٶȸ졣ѾмֱʵҲӿһЩٶȡ
ǾҪϵ٣ҲҪĸʱʱ䡭⻹ڵ嶯ӳǵĽ

ʱһţںϣĳŲХڵߣк˷ӣ磬ҵĵȴţȴһȺĴսչ
иĵǿǣǴͼɳŲȥǣҲҪս
ʱʯŵеݣٴΣɱһ塣
µѪɫȻѪ⣬ȫ۵ףһԭĺ죬˿̣ѾŨ
Ĭޱ顣
С𣬴˿ѾָȫơûһʼķŭҲûʼĴЩĵĸʱʱģ́ͷݡ˿ɢƣҲе˼ܡ
ٶȼ¼ֵݼǰȥ
Ѿ¶ģ岻ػҪʯţ¾һա
ɷԽԽ࣬ȴδѾʼԽԽĮӡ飬жٻЩдҪʱԼ֮ɱ¾Ŀģػȥ
ԽԽĮȺ壬Ȼٶܾ࣬ĲѾԽԽɱ˽һڶʱָоѾʧ˵Ѿȫľ
ʶѣ·ѾԽԽϰɱ¾
յɱ¾ЩΪһΡ˵ǰɱ޺һյһͷ·ʼĮ
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䣡
һȺ壬زУʧȥԼѪˮ纣һƬɷӿ߿գڣ۵׵ѪɫԽŨ
ݣδȻǰУһΣͣҲͣ٣¼ʡȴ·һֹŹ־ء
ˣˣ
Ժһ㶣Ӧôˣϵɻ΢һЩ
ɷѾʼ֪Ӱ˼ά϶ѹһ¡»֪ıʣ
һ£һ֮ȴȻһ䡣֪ģҲԼ״̬쳣
Ҳ룬ֱͣ˿УͷһʱһƬ⣬Ժ֮ʱӿ
ֲľ糱ˮӿˣĳģٶȻصݵϡ˸Ž⣬ǽ⣬۵׵ɷ·ҲһɽţѪɫȴ۵׵λãγһΪʵѪ⡣ɽɫӿȴ˿ˡ
Щڵɷ֮ܵȴδֱ뿪壬ǸӷӿڡģѪڣͬƹ֮ȥ
ڣԺķ֮ϣֳһ㵭ѪɫѪɫΪֲ쵽˼¡
ģ޳˵ӦһĿǲǣȻɷȴǲͬ
ȻҲЩɵ⣬ǣǲǾ£⣬޷Ȼ
ڣڷĴ߶֮£ǸݵѪ⵱УΪƹ֮ȫ޷ɢ
⡭֣ʱѹסɷݣһ¶ݡ
֮ǰ˵ɷѲԭ򡭡ɷÿɱһ飬ӿһ˿ϣӵСֻɷ̫κӰ졣ɽաɱ̫ˡڵ鱻ɱɷֲ̫Ҳֻʱѹƣ޴żأȴǻ


1130 ɱ
Ǹô죿ݵɫҲЩѿ
ϡǵõ֪һİ취취ȴл䵱Сֻе˲л꣬ԼŻᡭЩ
ݵҲЩˣüͷƬ֮ȴ¿ҡͷûѡ񡣡
ˣСȥɱֺαءڡ
СȴҡҡͷͷЩ͵ǵĿС𣬡ɷѹСɱ¾࣬һɷʱҲһܵɷӰ졭СʧأɱʧҪֲĶࡣ٣ѹȴûС
Сѹ˵ȴǼˡ
ˣԸðաһʲô⡭ô죿ȴҡҡͷ
Ҫ˵ʲôȴվû˵
ȷΣճ̶ȣСɱڵҪΣյĶ࡭ԴܹսµĴڡһ̫ɷɱ¾ۣɾʹˡ
Ͼݲûʲô֮ЧĿСķĹϵѣͨϵսĹϵ
ĬˣڳĬƬ֮Ҳֻһ
۵˸źâǺâ죬һѪĴ֮ˣֻǿһۣǱ
ۼɵɷʵֲ޷ֱӡ
ݵɱ¾Ҫ
ڿֻվһС漴Ǽǰ
һΣԺ󣬸ֳɫ֣פġɷͬʱҲֳһ˿Źֵıׯ֮С
һ·ȥ֮㶼ʬɽѪһͷͷ壬ѹ£ࡣһôʯţɾء
Ҳ֪˶ʱ䣬ʯŵ飬һգ
˿ݻɷȻ졭ķ֮ϣֳ˵ĺ⡣ǺĿ£ڽɫ֮£Ȼۡ
վ֮У͸¶ųĬ۵׵ѪɫԽŨԺķ֣ȴԽˣͬɱ¾ӣɱȱͬڡ
Ĳƽ֪ɱ¾Ҫ
ȡƣϢ
ǧһʮࡪ˴ʯһ御ɡһ£ұҪٵһʯţȻȥһ壬ҪսҾ͸սǾȱȣ˭ɱĸɡ
ѹݷ·֪УȻܵɷ˼Ӱ졣֮ǰԣԵüΪƽȻһΣȴһ¶â
ʱ̹עռĵǿǣڵһʱ䣬һϢһŶѪ
ããã޸˺ģɱȺ壡
ɱɱɱ
Щ򾳣ɱԷ·ݻҪء
޸ҲģҵڲƴҲΪȡʱ䣡ǲô׵ľ͹²
ղ˵ˣʱͻִʱҵȵսҲҪʼû޸ܹɱô塣ô޸˽һݣҲһͬϣɱһЩ壬ȻҲĿ
ֵ˵Ķԣҵȸ֪޸ˣû취Ϲȥһ𲢼սɱСⲢһ֮սڲһսһ𣡡
һ޸˽һݣҲɱ
ز޸˲ս
һϢͣԾšݱ㿴һۣ͹رյġȴһ£ţһůС
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жһ㣬Ҫ˵ûѹǲܵġѹţһδηųɱʵҲΪԭ򡭡ҪоֻţӶתߡ
ϧɱļĲͷ
ЩĲһĹ²ôΨһѡ񣬾ֻܹȥƻطͨ£ʮΪۡ
ı̫ˣǺֱָܿŭħбȻľɡһɹʮ˵ͬ˵пӿֲĺ
Ⲣһѡ񣬵ܶʱȴòѡ
ܹҵһȫİ취Ѿ²Ϊһԥ
׳ʿ󣬲͹ϣеʱǸһΡ
Ѿ¾ȴϢһأҪʼƻһͨȾѪҲϧ
յʯŵɱ¾˵ǽ
ǡǡ෴ֻһˣ
һ̤һ̤֮ͨʱ֣Ѿע
ݣпܣΪؼ䣬ɱĴڣ
һ̣ռ䵱һ򾳵֮ͷˡеĸܵһִ塪ΪĴ塣
ݲ֪ңǷҲִܵ塣һ̣һָоΪִ壬ݰǵҲԽܣ
˵Ϊʲôе˵򾳣ӵѹ̥սδܡδп̤ӵ޽ӽЩ壬ûаֹϵ˵ֻİ˶ѡҪѡӶֱǰɳȺѰɳˣ뺣żõл֮ȫѡֱ뿪뿪Ⱥ뿪򣬷˼ĺĴ󻪹˵Ǹõһ·Ͼǲ֮ˣﲢûˣʲôϵ
ֵɵѡʱһ屻嵱ʳԵ档ʮ屻ȡ꣬ͨʱ򡭡û취ôѡ
ˣΪˣԼȺѵʱ򣬶ԳˣԲŲʡôȻе˴磬ʲôãȻʲôã
ĿĪ˵ˣһøԼһ˶ûе硭Ǻεȵ¶
󣬶˿ֻţ
ˣϧɱϧɷ壡ҪɱҪɱʹɱ岻òתͷطȻҪɱɱ־壬ɱĻš֪Ǵ˲ȻòҪĶΪǣֱƳһӡӣѹɷΪɷȴΪ
ⲻɱ񣬲ɱħɱ
ΪȻ׹ħĻȱɱĸصķӣ
ͷţ֮ռϿյ߲ٶ֡
һΣֻһ֡
á
ݴӦǵҪӷɱ¾ǣĵǵĹƣΪȡɱ¾ʱ䡣
ΪͬѪǣʼ˲ս
Ի£ۣͬ


1131 ʯŲл
ܲͬڿһƬ֮۵׵ɱԽķ
ɱͬҪǵǸɡţ塣
Ƿһݵ֣·Ҫ衭Ѿоˣȡ֮ģһƬտ޸С֪ռϵ֣ġѾʯڵ壬ɱ˸ɸɾ
ʹǣҪ𣡡һҪ
ǼХţ˿̣ǾѾԽԽԽԽ

ռ䣬дŽ⣬۵ȴ˸Ѫһʱ䣬ѹסͷļۣһ̤ա
˸֮ѾʯŵıԵ
һʯѾɱ˸ɸɾҪģǽʯȫݻ٣
Ҫ֤֮ǰ˵Ļаɣ
ٻͷһɽȾѪ磬۵һĨĬŤͷٲɣһ뿪ʯš
ʯ֮ĺХѾƽǺ棬Ȼɺ졭֮ǰгʮ壬ﱻɱѪ࣬뺣ˮ̺ȾѪ
һȺȺδޣѪ˵أ·ЩѪ⡣
վڸ߿գֻǿһۣ㲻ᣬŤͷһʯš
֮ǰһҪɱ壬δϸ˿ٿȴǿϸ࡭һȸߴɵĺɫʯţŻڸ߿֮ϡŻ֮ϣ״ͼڣһ˹֮
ڿһ֮ݳ³һ⣬Ȼڴ󻪹ʮɽһ嶥˵Żһģһģ
̼ǵõֻǺߣɴУʯšɵʱֻǿһЩܵشҪ磬Ͻ뿪ʯ֮ϵѹԽɱ
˿̣һжѾ⡣ĸܵʯͬһ֡ͬʱҲвͬ
󻪹ʮɽһǱ˷ӡҵʱʵ룬ֻһۣ¶ҪɢﻹܿǷӡʯűķӡٶȼӹһӡˣпܾǡͷ
ݴ˿ǵԱ⣬ֻԱȣ֪ʯŵĲͬ
ǺͷʵڣҲȻǳصϢ
ݵĹڣĹҲвڶ㣬ûдﵽ㡣ɼǱǳԽ˵򾳵
Ϲˮʯšͷӵݣ²򵥡
ݵһ˲񣬵ܿҡҡͷ
ڣЩʱ
Ŀ⣬ٶʯ֮ϣϣɫâʼۼ
ɷ壬·еȾһЩɷһãк֡ѪͬҲһ˿⡭оЩƵлȫʵ򣬽Ȼͬ
һ˿⣬̵£޴ĥȴǷͬСɡ·ݵһ˿ɷɷµ⾳֮˸֮䣬ԸһʬɽѪĿֲС壬սУżǿá
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ͷת֮ʣϵĽâѾ£˿ҲɣֱһƣʯźȻѹ¡
֮䣬һɫ֣Ȼ֣֡ͨͬƽɣһ֣ʱ˺ΧĿռ䣬ƣſֲܡ
ƽɵĴ֮ϣһͬѪһĺ⡭⣬ɷ
ʱһ˵ɷ棬ǵأȻӸ߿£Ҫʯһ顣
࣡
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ֲֻһ˲ʯ֮ϣȻ⻪ʢӴӰʯŵԾӿӭǽɫơ
䣡
ڿн㣬ֲ֮Ȼϯγɲɢ
žžžž
ը֮ȴΧбǣನϯ֮£㶼ǺȻ塣ҽ֮ʱ
ǣɫֲ̫֮ڣҲ谭һ˲漴·ѹȥʯлûӰ¶֮ɫ
࣡
˻С
ӰһΪ壬һţ塣ûʵ壬꣬ӿҪǾ޴Ľɫơ
ɷѪ࣬úݣ
ɫ֮ϣɷ֮ȻݲʲôͻȻֵţ˵ɫƣȴǿֲ֮⣬һѪһɷ֮ǻǷ·֪ɷԴϣ¶̹ǳޣб
ȫʢʱڣҲҵĶ֣οǻֻлꣿӣΪλҪͣ
ֻһۣͿ͸ӰʵǣӦþǵûʯŵǿ֮ţ壬塣
ޣֻ̥ΪܻûӴʯš˵ʯţԴ塣
ƾãأʲô¶ܷûʯŵѾɢֻڵ״ͬңһ㡣
뵽ҲЩꡭƣض䡣иĸĻߣ壬ͬҲС
࣬ղɱʥ飬Ѿӡǣӽ֮䣬֮ԼΪ㹻ǿ᣿Ҹ㣬㲻ǿʥ嵱Уۣѹ㣡ҵţҵ֮ɷ꣬ɷ꣬Ӵ˻ججƮ䣬֪һգ꣬һŮӣݾ˿飬ȴԹͳޣһ߷񿹺ſеĽɫƣһԹš
ĻͷһૣɷôӣɷѲĺܡ
ǰĻݻ϶ˡɱǧʱѾ֪ԼȾô֮Ѫ󵫷Լһ۾ͿԶģҲϡӦԣȻһЩӰ졭Ѿѡ񣬼Ȼѡɱ¾ͲӱܡԣֻܼɱҲں
֪Σ岻졣ȻȵԺ̸гʲôҲν壬ల¡Ϻƽ̨±ȻͬҲսûԺԺĺƽദԣȾôѪΣֻҪʵ㹻кοɾģ
ԣǺĻЩ˳˼ɷ꣬ɷꡭӴ˻جô
ӣɷȻʲôö
¿ٶ룬˿̣ǽɫ֣ѾǾ޴ʯ֮ϡֵȴҲûκεá


1132 ɱ
ݵΪȻ̥ͨԿġ
ԡȻȫʢʱڣҲĶ֡οֻǲлꣿ

춯أޱԹĲҽ֮󣬽ɫƣֱꡣ漴ƣʯ֮ϡ
ǣ
ʯ֮Ϲ⻪Ҫֿȴû˿áɫƣͬŲɵֿ֮ƣֱѹʯ֮ϡʯţʱһƬƬѣһ˿˿Ѫɫӵ˳
ѪɫͬճѪҺɢһ˿Ȼһ·д˻ҽУԼݵĶС
΢ĿȴȻƽ
֪ʯŵУһĲлꡣ
òлݻǡһ˿ӡʯ飬һ˿ӡҲƮɢȫɢؼ䡣
䣡
޴ĸߴɵʯţһ֮У̮ͬɽѣ޴ʯ飬ջ¡Լ䣬ӦʯŵеĿռ䣬һ̣Ҳȫһϸ΢µĲʯź󷽵Ҳֻһ˲֮󣬱޶
ݵһֻһʯʯʱֹ˿Сɫâһ֣Щʯȫ˴֮У
ʯŵĲϣ˵׼Ժʲôáݰš
ˣһʯţʹˣȫȫɢ֮䡣
ϵĽɫâˣԺҲȫʧڿУأȴѾֻʣһ顣
ͷȥ׺࣬ͷļսֻһ˲Χ˵ȴ쳣ѡݿûȥȫڸղһ˲ನ֮£ȫ壬һƬơ
ݾվԭأһֻ̣ô򵥵վţУȴȻͬһʬɽѪһ̵ĿֲϢšǲսѹݵƿ֮Ѿﵽ豹ľ硣Ļ̥ҲԿʵ
ɿֲϢ꣡
Ƿ·ϵѹ壡ս㤣η壡
ѹ޷Դɷ
ɷһֹÿɱ¾һ飬ɷһЩһߣɱˣ϶˾ɷ֮οǶڶ飿
˵˿̵ݣͷ·һѪɫ⣬⣬ѹԵ壡ͬһˣĿ
ϵĽʧԺķʧеĽɫδˡȻתֻ֮֮ѹƵ˼ޡɫ۵ףһĨصѪɫǰۡô˿̵һС
٣ƮƮ֮һƬһ˫ȴ͸űһַ·һ飬еĮȻ
һ֮󣬻ȡơ
˵御ʯѻ١ǣҪô
߲ʰ߲֣ٶȣռ䡭

ʯŻٻһ˲䣬嵱Уţʥʥ棬ͬʱһѪĳޣҲ޷ѹ֣䡣
ݣݰ
ֲϯأͬ
ıʱ΢΢һ䣬ȴѾ֪ʲôˡ
ǵɫøѿ۵׵УɱȻص
ٶȣˡԽԽ

ķŭ޲ͬǣˡ
޸ˣɵúãɵúã
ɱʹ죡ʹ죡
ЩĻţ
˶ˣǷЦûһգȽոǸϵü
棬ǰô
ڲߴĳӪУһƯŮͣ𾪵Ľૡ
һǵģһǵģɱĺãɱĺã
Ůߣһ߻ţ˫ͨ죬ȴޱȵĿ⡣š
ǣйӴġɵܿԼƽ顣
縵ѩ˵һݵʱɣҲõ˱ĳԴǣշת˲
ֻͨߣǵǿߡִ֮£ǲͬǿһɡ󣬾ͱغһأʱȴӭ塣
֮ǰǵһδӷݡֵʱ򣬻Щ̫š˿ٶ߲Զ򾳵˷ܵģ̸λ޸ˡĹšλ޸ˡǵйһ棡
һʱ䣬˷ܣ𺳣𾴣ݣǵġ
ͻȻ˵֮ǰһĻֻһУܾ棬˷ɣ˳ҲһЩ飬ʱΪݵġڿǶˡ棬ǵû¶ңԽԽǿ
ѾǲȺ֮ϣ۷ڣ
ǣɡǣԷйΪܵ
ǣе࣬ǿǿеϢ֮󣬶ݣǰδеݣ
һ˽ĴڡǵһݻһʯŵĴڡڡ࣬ϣڣ
ֻҪڣֻҪܹŵ޷֧ŵĳ̶ȣôǾʤˣ
֣֣ΣҲҪ֣࣬δ࡭ϣ
Ѫ̣Уźš
ȴţȴš

ХԽԽ弤ȴ嵽˿̵ݣѾתȴǳķ򣬷жȥ
һһὫеȫɾǵģһġ
߲֣ٶȸռ֮ϡݵĻ
ɱɱɾǣ

ռĵǷźš
ôңôң㣬㣡ٿ㣡
ǲˣѾû·ڻȥǽĴܡƽʧһʯŶڶˣκһޣܸĵĽ
ҪɱЩ࣡ɱǣѾţһһ飬ɱԽԽʢ
ٶԽԽ죬壬·ҲõϢǵ棬ԽŨ񱩡
⣬֪ʱѾȫʧʤ壬˷ŲΧ
ǵٶԽԽ죬ҲԽԽ
һ̶ʧΪ棬γһƬƣڡ·̫Ҳ֪һҵµսս
ⳡսκεͬ飬еģֻǷɱ¾
ǣ̫ҲԸ⿴ĲһĻ
ڣʱôĿ죬ȴôڿУ۾˿š
ˡ
˵겢֮ߺƣȻ˵Сǵȫˡǲǿ־η壬
ɱ
ûжԻûжţһкҲûСأӵĵһۣ쳹ģֻһ˿޵֡
ɱ


1133 ս
ɱ֮ͬףȻ
ڶƾˣЯƶȻȻ̣֮һɱأγɵȻγһƣҪǰһ谭
Ȼơͬ䣡
Ȼ֪֮пᣬΪأΪԴΪģɱ¾ÿĵףȼų޵Ļ档뵽һĻĻ˫Ŀ죬죡뵽ݣǸؿڳңһɻ𣬲йˬǳ˫ۣգһֻ̣һͷɱΣҲҪΪ棬ȡʱ䣡
Ųͬ˼ȴͬƣھǧ֮ĵطˣ
ʯ׹أһأ·һΣ
ɱɱɱ
䣡
һ̶ȥһƬ⻪ڽӴһ˲䣬Ѫζ
һͷţ˫Ŀ죬Ӵһ˲䣬ȻдŲпЦ⣬һȭСȥ
Ϊ˲٣һĻû˿ɣ¶пЦ⣬ԪȻӭȭͷܣȻӡ
䣡
൹˳ȥѪƬ
ţҲܣɫ΢΢һ࣬Ҳж
ⲻһһɱ൹˵һ˲䣬ʮâֲУкˢˢˢʮâ͸ţϣʱѪ
裡һ˫Ŀ죬ܲˣһͷ൱ȥ£Ȼ˸ɫâ⾹ȻҪԱ
һ۾Ȼһ죬Ҳû룬һһ֣Ȼͷ֮ϣκȻǰţԣͷ֣ţ御档
䣡
֮쳹ֵһ˲䣬ǺȻѣһƬѪˮѡ˹ţԱܣ
йŶ壬Ӷֲսķ࣬Ĵۡһɫ֮ķŵһֶķθ֮С˿ڴ̼֮䣬ŧѪֲ
С۾аɱԼ·ɱˣ˷ܡ
һɫ࣬ɱˣŶ壬ɱӿ֣ȻǰϽâȻȥ
ݣ
춯صĽâȻͬУֱ̹ŶǹŶҲһҪŤͷܡ
̵УĽâϮȫ
ĵɫѪҺзһֻ֣žһ죬屬ѡܲ󣬵ȴһźɫʣȻѣ̼䣬һСƬաɫʵУ壬㶼ҽУ
ֻһ˲䣬һɫʣ㱻·ʶǱǺڣɢһա
к壬Уں潻档һâȭ磬ֲ⻪ݺύһѪѿ࣬Ҳ塣
壬зԳ壬о壡
Ǿ壬ÿһӵаϵߣȻ䣬һ֣һ̧㣬ܶɿֲ
ɱ¾Уʵﵽȫѹʲôã
һȺǿ߷ӵϣǾȻǿҲӿ֮£ƬȻ̮
ȷһҵµսӿʼû飬ûкƽеģֻɱ¾
ͣЪûɱ¾
Щͨľ֮µս
ǵսصһзɽѣ졣
ڸ߿֮ϣһλλ򾳼壬ͬҲڼսηϧ˻ˡ
սʧɫһƾոֲ֣γѹѹ塣
岢޵򣬵ϣгѪѪѪҲǵսûκ죬Ʋ㡣
һδײȫӲӲĴ򷢡Ϊʱû·ǻǣҲҪ·Ҫģɱǰĵˣ
һĺأͬһ߲磬ڸ߿ա
Ƿ·ѾγĳĬ߿ƲսڵͿպսμ
࣡
ȥ
УֲϢѿ
ʯͻһֱվڷ󣬴˿̥̿ǿ֮߳һۣٲɣ⻪Ӧȥ
գ֮䣬ĵ⻪һ
̥ǿ֣߳أƬƬ飬ʱһƬͨǿߣգҽУʧһɶ
һ̣û˻Щ岻ᣬ࣬ͬᣡ
࣡
һ˫˫Ŀɢ޴ɱޣһͷţɣ£顣
ɱǣ
һ˫ͬɱС⻪ת߲һء塣
ͷȶ̥ǵʯű٣˱¾ĳޣﵽ۷塣
ɱǣҪսվ࣬㣿ʯЦ
ɱ
ţŭһʯɱ
ʯȻ壬ӭȥ
̥սʱ֮ɱֲܣϯ˷أΪ֮ʧɫ
ͬҲ˳ȥһĬУӭӶϡ
䣡
һֲڿռܼݡ
ڵĶײ޹ƶ޹ضԴΨɱ¾
սһ̨޴Ľ䣬ȴǰͺ̡ͬҲ䣬ȴֱǰ
ѪζءˮѾһƬѪ
ɱиˣں֮ϵȴš˫Ŀ죬Ŀһսȴûη循֡ΪǶ֪£Ҳ㲻ȥ
֮սΪˣһս޴ӡҲӣ
ֻϣ޸ˣܹɱĸ࣡ȻҵˣҲɺЦ
ĵףͷ

ڲߴսʱһɱ¾Ҳڼš

࣡࣡
ʥ壬Źģ壬һᱻ𣡣
ǷҽţȻһϮ壬ֱӱ
У۵׵ѪɫѾԽԽŨ
ͣһ·Ķȥ·һ壬Ան
ͬʯǰ޲ĻɱΪ⵱Уࡣ
ȻΪɷӰ죬ɱļأĳһ̻廹壬ȫɱĳ嶯ѹɱ¾ٶԲ֮ǰ뱻ɱ
һ·ɱ¾ϵɷȻҲԽԽأĵͨǰ
۵Ѫɫһһ磬ʧ֮䡣ٳ֡ȴѾһͨϡ
ͬʱ۾ǰ֮飬ҲȻ䣬ɴ۾
㡭
ݵһƬֻĿһۣϱ׹ߡĸоУֻһۣȴ·˾ĵֲ·࣬Ҫͣ٣


1134 
Ҽǵϴóһƣ˵ʲôʥʲô
ݵõĮȴһĮ
ɷ壬ѹĵһ嶯ȻѹɹȻԱܵһЩӰ졣
ǲǳģǵӵնľ֮ȻȻһֱ仯ɷǾ
յɱ¾Ϊⲻɷ壬һֽȻ֪ͬ˵֪Ǻǻ˼Ҳҵ𰸣Ҳ
֪ԼûʱȥѰҴ𰸣ֻܽɻ󾲾İͷȥ룬˼ȴվܵӰ졣
ڣƺܸܵĿеĮӣȻѾȻԴ˿̵ݣͷȻ
ĻӦÿһʯţӵһʥʯŴڵģʯڵʥ֮ϣһ˿ӡӡʧֱʥ֮ϡղʥˣӦʯѾݻˡ
˵ţȴԽͷҿݡȴǱʯű𾪣ǱϵɷѹĲ̧ͷ
ѾȻȫȫģվһߵġݽ嶼ɱˣҲ𵴡ɷȴֱĳ顭ȻȴҲ顣ɷκ鶼־塭ⲻ鱾Կƣһֱܡ
ԳĬƬ̣󻺻ͷͨ·ѹѹһƬ¶ֻ֪࣬Ƭ̺ĮѯʣٵһͨΪģҲɢɣ
ûһ˿仯ͷǡؿңԻҲ˭Ϊϵҡ
ϻӦһ˵ȻĿֲȫʧȥңȫĶΪȻ߿ǣϧҲǶɷܵĿ־壬ӵһ˲Ŀ־֮Сܿ죬־оͻʧһΪݵͷռϷ硣
ȴδһʱ俪ڣͷµ࣬Ƭ̺ૣӦҲһֽưɣ
ǵġϻӦ
ǽƣӦþͿƳɣʡ
Բ֮ѪͿƳٴ
ƳˡʲôأһΣȴ૿ڡ
ƺҲһ£ͷû˵
ЩˣֻͨѣƳ˽ƣҲֻϡȵطЩˣȻҪһץ岻ҾǾǣҲ޲ΪվǻΪһƷ
ôͲ˰ɣɴȫɱˣǴӸԴƻĺжӦҪ֮Ѫƴ󷨡壬Ǿô취һ˰ɣ
˭֪أһʵҪôأǻԴϴһൺϣҲʮڵ壬ÿһֳһڣҲ
Ǿȫɱ˰ɡţʲôǵΪôȥô
Уûһˡǳڵˡ
Σֲûɱ꾡ʧھʬ⡣ôȥǶԣһֽѡ
˵УǲУ
֮ʣʲôϲһֶѡ֮·Ⱥˣмܻţǵǰѡ
ǰô
ţı鿪ʼãʱ侲ĮȻһеɱ⡣ʱ¶ʹ࡭۵׵ѪɫʼȻѹţɷ·ΪĶʼա
ˣž
ؼʱ̣һȻݶϡݻһҲ־һ󣬶ʱ־֡
ˣ
֡ڷֵһ˲ǰϻĹȥһƬ̧ͷݡݵԺ֡
һַ֮ϣһƬѪɫȴȻĿġ
֣Ϊľо仰᱾̨һδǳǷɨ̨֮Դɨ̨ɱ̨Ȼǻͨ͸ķ̨֣֤ûг貣˳
˿̨̣ˡɱԡɷȻķֳ֣Ѫɫֳɡ
ݱϾֻ޳ܵľӰķƹȥļԣġδͨ͸δᶨġûв縡Ƽ޸Ψһĸڷӱġ
ⱾģȴܵײĴڡһһɣñĴɣϡ
˵Ҳ㯵ķ
ⲢʾãϾ޳Ѿ˵˱֮ǿ͡ϧһٵ⣬̫ɷ壬ã
Ҹô죿ˣ´˿̶һľžУȻã̲סڣѯʷ
Ĭţ֪ԼĻش¹ش󣬲·¹ؽݵδ
Ĭãڻɱ벻ɱһһ㣬Ҳлȱʧû취̫õĽ顣ֻһ㣬ϣܹס޵֮ʱΪΣ
ģૡ뵱һĻʲôԨмôꣿ
˼֮һӣǰ⵱д󻪹ˣͬģҲ⡣
ǶɳһҪˣڽܴеЩڣʱʱ顣˵⣬굱Уʱȴ֮⣬Ĵڡʦ縸һЩ۵㣬ȻȻҲӰ
Ϊһİʵʻң͡ݳĬˡ
˫ۣԺ⿪ʼ貣Ѫ⿪ʼѹƣ֮ѪѾѹƵޣȴȻڡݵ۾ҲȻ
Уûɣɢȥ⣬ǹʬɽѪɷٶȻع鵽ϡ
ָֻһָʱƿţһɢſֲѪĽɫѪҺָ
ɫ΢΢԰һ˲ת˲ãһνɫѪҺ˿С
һɫѪҺſֲѪ֮˵ǿֲƽĹڵأɫѪҺֵһ˲̲סһĿ͸¶֮ɫ
壬ѪȻѪ֮Ӧĸ͸ĸӦУһѪ̺𺳡
ݲδ˵ָƳ֮ʮƣһѪҺСһ֮ѪҺ֮ϵʱʧʧǱˡ


1135 ڶʯ
̧ͷݣ֪ʲôȴҲûʡ
ЩȴǽѪҺݸϣһ֮ӹ˽֮ɫѪҺѾһ״ɫ塣
ƣǧ֮˻˽֮󣬱㽫һͨôݵĮѯʡ
һ£漴ǡ
΢΢˵ͷٶ˵Ťͷ
ǱߣһֲԼ¸ôԶȴȻܹӦ֪սѾʼˡ
ڣͣٵʱɱ¾Ҫ
ͣһ̤ȴѾա
δֵδãһ֮󣬺ѯʡ
ݵĳĬ֮ݵŴдǾ;䡣
ɢ˼һ֮¿ǡ
ૻӦȴǿԶء

ݵɱ¾δҪսһ
Լߵĸ߿ոȫֿԷ֣˿̵Ĳغ򣬼ȫ߶սС֮ȻѪ֮Х䵴һƬĩճ
廹壬һ̣Ѿɱ۾ûȴ뾪壬еģֻһƬɱ񱩡
ɫԪ˸ɺѪȾغǧĺ򡣷ĲˣѪɫ
⵱Уͬǹһ֮˼İˣһֵǹӿڣһ̶ϵ޸ƣǿ
սûʲôɣһζɱηʱƣһѪй֮˫ʼһЩ侲ͷҲʼһЩ仯
Եࡣһѷӿϣ˲ͬ塣侲֮ǿʼ󷨣ʮˣǧ˾ۼһǹ֮£֮ءǧģһйԴﵽ򾳵ĳ̶ȡ˵ģܹﵽҲȽ֮˵ĳ̶ȣ⣬̡
۵սȻǱȲġϣ󷨣ۼսȴҪǿϲ١
Ѿǵһν棬϶֣ÿζǱڷϣųľ顣
ÿһƬԺУָһжǸ߿յ򾳼ǿָӡеǿָӵȣԵæңһʱһλãٲ˷ֺ
󷨣ս߲ٲпᡭ壬Ȼ񱩡ѪȻڲͣսڳ
սϣߣǱߣһȺ˲δ̥֡ϵս
ȴţ֮⣬̥̥ս壬ԭؿš
ӦģߣҲֻлʯˣӭޣ̥ǿߣ֡
·Ȼ죬໹嶼ͨ˵ʤһսʤ̥սʤУ
ûΪûûȴ֪ڵʲô
Զ˫̥ս߱˴ɱƽ
Ψ·ɱ¾졣

սڼݣڱһʯš
һ·ңо·һ˸
ǵģԽԽǿңоҲѾһЩȻңһͷԿȥľʮǧҲ֮ǰҪǿ̫ࡣ
ɫţϣӿſֲѪ֮Ѫ֮γһŨͬ뵣ˮأϢ
һǰС
һʯţڻ񣬻нǧ
ǧ룬ҪһǧٴңоݣóٴΣҪߡ
顣ģµġ
ÿ֮ʱɵó飬̷¡籡ӿ֮£˲ָս
һˣ˲֪١
ᣬߣһС
СսӹɣһҲɸϡͬҲСȻޱĸ·δʱʱ׳һƿ顭һƿ˵ҲϣͬһؽױѰˣĲ
ݲں
·ٶ˴塭һΣȴ֮ǰǰӶ෴ȫɱˡ
ȻѾսݱٲ顣ûҲͰˣȻȻûзŹɡ
ʱ䣬һŹȥ
ԽĲԽĻɬ
ѾǳңԶǧϵľ롣ǲȺͷβˡ
ǰ;ȻǸ·ݻȥһˡ
ݵıӳĬûκ𡣶ݵĵطидȻࡣ
ɵšɽŶ޸ĴѾƻΪĳѨ
Щ壬ûʲô˵ģֱȫɱȻǰġ
ȻҲͬһ㣬ͨʯΧѹѹĴһȺࡣ࣬ʮڡ
һģ򾳼塭ûϵĺڵɱʢڸӦǵ˲䣬㽫նɱûںǺĵĻᡣ
ݣҲõǿںϹʯͷɫʯͷȻͨĳĪӦ
ݳĬĿеʯͷƬ̺ȴ۾ֻһѪü˳֮ȴȻ˲䣬һݡ
ⲢֻǷ⻯ֻķȣżľޡһֻӵбʮ֮һսҲܳôڡһڵĴҪɢ
սͬСɣ̥ѹ壬Ǵﵽʮ̥ĳ̶ȡһ⻯Ҳ̥Ĵڡֻǲ©̥̫֮ࡣҪ̥Ķϣֲ˶á
Ҳδ̥Ķײʯ飬ֱӳͨ˹ȥ
µĺ֡
ƣûüһѪͨô񣬾ҪԱҲӵ൱̥ǿߵȫһҲ۲ͨȻҪʣ̡̫̥Դݻ١
ЩҲͣһ磬ٶȶա
ȻѾ˰ţҲһ·Żȥ;ĵȫһ
йɷֻǧʮĲݣȻڻ¡
ôģһֵʱ䣬һʱ֮󣬻ңң
²ͣݾԴԽʯŵķȥ
ʱڶʯţݵǰ


1136 ɱ¾
ڶʯţһûκεĲͬ˵СǾǴ˿ʯ֮⣬Ѿۼ˴塣Щ壬Ϊҵĳ̶ȣսԼ̥ս
ǾۼʯΧӭһ۾ͨ죬ȴѾȴʱˡ
࣡
Ƶأڵģһͷ塣ͼΪӴվʯ֮ǰȴ·ʯͬߣɫʯɣޱۣͳЩŹ֡
һĻʵû̫ĳԾѾٵһʯţҪûһ㷴Ӧǲˡ
һգٳ֣ȻȺǰ֮ң
ݴŵѪɫĿ⣬·һɨ
ֻһۿȥɫȻ䶯ԺкȻγһƬ춯أǵʶ·̼ʧȥһ˵ɱ¾һ̣Ȼӿԣ·Ҫ٣

һ̣·Ҫٵޱɱ¾еһ̣һֲȻص
ص·㶼۵ѪһȻءǾ״ģ̧ͷȥȴǴǿֲɱ¾У˳
ƽ̧ͷλá
һȺ嵱Уڶ̥ڡȴһͷǧĿ塣
ǧĿ壬ϹʱڣҲǿ֮һӵߴһ壬ȴûۼף֮ϣźĻɫëƤëƤУ۾
ͷߣĿƽʱϵ۾ǱϵġȻս츳֮ͨʱ۾
ǧĿҪ֮޵Դﵽ̥̥УȴǿϾ̥֮󣬶©֮츳ͨȻҪۿۡ
Ͼ̥ĴڣףϹʱǿ֮һ
˿̣еǧĿ壬һͷ峤˰ɵľ޴ڡ˿̣֮ϣԭýŵ۾ȴѾȫ˫۾ɢֲâһء
Щ۾ǻɫ˿̣ȴѾȫ˺ɫһ֣ڣѾѪȥ˿ɲ
츳ͨҲ츳ͨ·塣
ɱ
ݵĿֲһ˲䣬壬˭Ҳû뵽Էֻһۣȴȫû
Ҳ˿ĳɣһͷ򾳼ţ壬˫Ŀ죬ߴѪȶ
䣡
û˿ɣ嶼͵һҧϣ˸Ѥöʵĸɫ󡣹У˫߲ϼ⣬Ȼһ֮䣬γɹⲨݡ屾ɫҲѸήң׹뺣Сǵ츳߲ͨն
ţ壬˫ĿļȻ죬쵱УȻ⣬գȻȥǵ츳ͨӡ
Ŷ壬⻪תһֺɫҺ壬ڻУǣڰ⻪У˲䣬ɢڿУ·աǵ츳ͨ޼֮
壬ʹ󣬷·Ҫѣ͵µʱ򣬺ȻɫҺˮǵ츳ͨʴ֮ˮ
壬ɫ⻪ۼǵ֮ϣ£ۺȻѣγɾ޴ޱȵȭڣȻϮǾ츳ͨϱۺȭ
壬зԳ壬о壬塭
һ̣壬ȫʩչԼ츳ͨ
츳ͨǲõģͻߣս֮Ǵ˿̣Ѿ֪ݵĿֲǧĿ츳ͨڣǿԲɱ¾Ӱ죬Ȼܹܵĵǿֲɷ
епһͨ࡭һƬѪĳ֣ضΪ֮ɫ䣬֮ⶼڡǣҴ⣡
䣡
һ츳ͨȻɳϼֱݶ
壬ʮ򣬺ѹѹһƬȻѪѶߣǵ츳ͨȴо֮һݳܣݣҲҪˡ
ϧݣվŲʩΪ
츳ͨϵʱݳˡֻǴһţ·΢΢һѹ
ʱһƬ⣬Ȼ֮䣬з
һ̣ϣֳȻͬϢֲɷȥͬԨѪǷ⣬ȴеıׯϡɱȱͬڣݴ˿̣ɱ
ɫȻɢǰ˲䣬һ츳ͨӳ֮£Ȼȫʼڡ
ûо춯صĺȻû֮һΡһ츳ͨݵĲ̫Զκвڷ֮£һɢ
֮ϵ壬ҲһƬ⵱УֱѪڡ¶ָ״⣬ȴ޴ӵ
࣡
ɫ⣬һС壬Ҳ޴ӵֵ
ΨһԵֵģֻоǧĿ̥ʥ档
ֲһĻǾ㶼ʢҪֿ֮

ļȻһĮ£ȴĴƽ֮Ȼصţһ⣬ļȻ쵽˼£̥ľ壬Ҳ޴ӵֿ
䣡
ɫ㣬ױȵ̼䣬Ǿ塣
һ㣬Ӵľԣƺûʲô󰭡ֻ˲䣬һƬâ˿λ˸ţ壬һѣй⻪͸
ˣ࣡ſ־塣
أֻ䡱һ졭Ӵ壬ȻôѿڿУڽУ˻ҽ
־ǿĹֶΡ嶼̼նɱһ̥ǿߣοǶ־
壬ֱȥ

ھǵһ˲䣬ǧĿ壬ŭ𡣵ŭУ۾ȴ͸¶ޱȵĿ־뾪š
ǧĿŵĹ⣬ڷѹ֮£Ѿ֮ϡҲ̲סһ֮壬ȴȻһڣױȵٶȣ˳ȥȻѡ롣
Ŀ⳯һָۣ΢һ⣬ʱ
ǧĿٶȿ쵽£ֻôһѾ֮⡣
ٿ죬ȴҲȲݵķ⡣˲ռ䣬ֱԺ
࣡һҪϾɱ𣡣
ۣͬѪûлͷȴ·𿴵Ƿ⣬ʱʧɫ
ݲ£⣬ѾֱĺԡǶ㶼㲻ȥ
ԣȻƬ֮һͷź֮ȥ
Ѿ͸
ңԶݴһţһɫƣʱ֣սɳǧĿʬץס
Ͼɱǵѡ񡣡
ˣݲ૳ͷȥһ壬Ѿ͸һƬҲһʯ֮ȾѪɫ
ݣΪһ̥սԴ
һ̥ȴǾֿɱ


1137 ɷ纣
ݵĵ̫񣬴̾Ͼžһ壬ǿƥѪںһͷħȫ֮󣬸ǿᡭ̥𣬲ӵǿط
·һѪɫ򣬵ĿѾҲ̫һ˿˿ɷԺڣڵɷŨһ֡
ҲЩɱ¾ҲκֶλɱЩ壬ֻҪ֣ɷڡкã
ƽȡơ
뵱һȴǷռ֮УѾ˵
ӦѾȫ濪ս˰ɣݰš
£Ȼ˼ռ䡣
ݳĬҲԣֱӿʯš
֣յУۣƣɣһѹ¡
ٽʯŵһɱɴͬʯһٻ
ʯǻпռȻҲ飬񱩵Ŀռ֮Իɱκ̥
ס֣
ˣ
һƬ𶯣ʯ֮ϣ⻪է֣ȴǳͷлꡣ
һͷ壬һͷǧĿ壬һͷȴ塣
壬ںżڼһͷ峤ףͨɫƣ˫ᡭһͷ峤Ҳֻǰףϵëȴǽɫɢſֲֻǲл꣬ȴȻˡ
ڵǶ֮һ޿ɴﱾԴǰһͷԾޡ
ֲдݣзһצסݵĽɫ֣ü֮ɫŹ⻪ݡ
ݶʱоһ˵ѹ·ս֮С
üͷ΢һ£ĳѪɫһѹʱɷɢʧһա
лжʱ֮⣬ͷһͳɱ硣
࣬ɷ̫أѾ˼ޣԷķѹɱ¾ȥɷ꣬㽫׹ɱ򣡴˵鳬ڣɱɷ꣡ǧĿлɴԴ˫۾·𿴵ǿ񱩵£ͬѪԨһɷҧгУ˵
ɱҲ롣ûа취ѡģ塣ݵû˿仯ĮĿǧĿ壬ƽڡ
ͲɷôǧĿĿͬʱɴ졣
¡ƽӦ
㻹ǧĿ۾һɡ
ұѡ񡣡
ƽأ֣Ȼѹ
䣡
Ȼ죬޴֣âʢֱѹ¡
࣡
ֲ£лʱɫ䣬ͬʱ֮£̫ǿȫʢƾ壬ѹݡϧǲǡǣֻǲлꡣ
񱩵Ϲâ˲ȥȻסɫƣȴȻ£޲
ǣ
һ֮쳹ʯ֮ϣһѿʼ֡
ŹѸ֣͸ſԿеĿռ䣬ʼ·Ť
쵰쵰в壬һգΪ𣡣
ǧĿ壬ڽɫ֮£ҲʼƣâƵ˸Թ
ݵû˿Ԫӿ
֮ڶǧĿУɫƳѹͷл忪ʼѣ·ʯţ࿪ʼѡʯĿռ䣬ŤԽԽء
ڣǵǿʼˣȫ֮ǰͷлޱʯſһۣ󣬺Ȼ顣⻪Уɢһա
ʧȥЩл꣬ʯҲʼ顣һ̣ĸܵһŨµɷʯŵӿֱ
ݳɵзһ
٣
𣬷֣ݱׯϣɷ塣
䡭
Ժһɿֲɱ¾֮⣬Ȼ·Ҫޱɱ¾統Уʶ
ʶУޱɷʼҪڡ
꣬һ̣ͬׯϵ־ƣ֮ػ
һ̣·Ϊ˴󺣵еһҶۣɷ纣ꡣ꣬ׯϣΪ
һεɷ̫ǿңȻУͬˣһһš
ļȻУһ֣ӽɫûѪɫ
·Ǵĳһţɷӿ񱩣һģʼӽɫѪɫ
һ
һǴ̾ľ֡̾һȫĹһǧʮ֣γ꣬γػǱǽɫʥ֮⡣
һ̣ĿʼѪɫΪѪɫľģûֺʥζһֲֿɱÿ֣һ˲ʬɽѪ֮СֲɷȻ
ݵͷ˾ıɫ鲢û̫ĲȻ־رġ
񱩵ɱ¾֮־ҧ֡ɷȾžģΪ
۵׵ĺɫѾԽԽŨĿУһ˿ȴʼմڡ
һҲ֡γɵɷֱͬɷ֮񱩵¡
ڣû취ʲôæֻҧȴš
ʮʮʮʮ
ԽԽľģѪɫɢѪζ
ֻע⵽ģȴû⵽ԺķЩһԭׯϵķӰݿʼ仯ǿʼ׶Ȼ䣬ӱׯϣڡǵϣɢĹâƽͣ׶
Ȼɱ
С໯ϵһ
ǧ֮ϵϣڷڷ仯һ˲ͷ·ĳָӦƺһ֮ʹסԼؿڣ۾ʼ΢΢죬һɿֲɱʼԺУһɿ񱩵ɱ¾ʼ
ҧɫһ䣬Ȼһȥڵλá
٣ɱ¾Խ񱩡
͵һ˫ֺʮı۾·ȫԽԽʢɱ¾΢΢
ɷ֮ԴԴ񱩲ݵɫʼ仯ӲΪòݡ
ʱƽͣʱʱʹ࡭
Ҳʼ΢΢ͬ͡
飡
ݻʯţֱͬɱʯڵ飡
֮ǰɱѾڶ࣡
ϵɷȻ졭ֶ޷
һ̣·ԻһƬѪɫ統СѻɽʬǣʳɺӵѪҺԼǷ·ڵĿ޺С
ĵף·һڲͣ𡭡
ɱɱɱ
ɱ죬ģأͬҪءһ˿
ˣסס̲ס˳
ݻ罬۾ѾһƬ죬һ˿㣬ȴʼմڡ
ؽҪҧ飬̣ȴûзκһ˿졣
ѾɷȾѾȾһ롣а˰پʮģΪѪɫƲݼ䣬ɱ졣


1138 ɷ꣡
ʶڣɫ磬ɷ֮УҲʼȻɫ
飬˲ѪɫȻǷ飬Ȼǡ
չҲƬ֮ȾѪɫº̶һ̣·𻯳Ѫ̶а졣
ΨϹľȻԼɫѾݶȻڿ΢΢תȿֲɷ·Ҳ
Ҳ˶ѡҲﲻʲôæ
ѪɫӣŸԶʶռ䡣
ռ·Ľɫƺһ̣ҲѪɫѪɫ쵽£Ҳа񵽼¡
ʶɫ䣬ݸоɱ¾ԽԽʢԽԽʢ嶼·ʱܾҪߡ
֪ס򣬵ɷûʶ֮ôӽûʲôݡеģֻڡݡ壬Լɱ¾һеĲл꣡
֪ɷգʱ˿̣вڡΪԡѡ
£ʹ
ֻڸ޾ңԶĳһһӰҲһ̣Ȼһ˲Ȼ۾
УױȵɷӿȣһƬ𺣣ͷ˲䣬Ȼȼա
嵱ȼճֲƥ·ǰҪȼճޡ
ɣȼճһ˲ܣһƬŹ֣ȻЩ֣һ֣Ļ棬ȫڡ
߲ڣȫȥ
Ӱʱ񱩵ķ·ҪնҪմĻȼաֻ̣ǳƬ֮󣬱ͣ
Ӱڵأ·ʧȴһ
˫Ŀðɱȴ˿ûˡ
·Ѿһգģڻһ˫ɷ۾
ռһƬžػغڰ

޾ռ֮һĻݲ֪˿ȫڵһһεĿɱ¾ĵ׵һ˿
ɷ̫񱩣ν춯أȻɷһδεĳ֮£оԼĴѾʼһѣһƬѪ졣
ˣˣ
ֵвθУƮƮʱʱԶһǧʮֵľѾоŰٰʮöѪɫûֹͣڼ
Ǵһоľ㶼Ѫɫݻķɷꡣݽ׹ɱʶʧȡ֮ģɷ꣡
ֻ֪ɱ¾ͬʬĿֲڣ
˿̣û취Ҳûа취ϵһУûκáֲɷǰϾרŷص־ֻʱ䣬ο
ݵһֱʼģǿμ̼ģǿֲɱ¾ȴȻɶͬʳҪһ˿ɸɾ
ϡ֮䣬ԺһϵеĻ棬Щ浱УһϤס
˼ˣǰ󻪵ģϧ
̣ƽ㣬ʦΡһײ֣ͣϵ飬Խ졣񱩵Уִһ˿˿ź۾ֻʣһģȫѪɫ
ǵģź
̫û̫̫꣬Ĺ˲֪ʹ˻ɷ꣬Ȼź
źȴڡ
һΣݻǻѡ
ΪˣЩǱҪġŲȺȫ䣬౻¾һգƵóѡ
ǿһݵ굱Уʮ⣬űһ˿ȫɢѪɫ
䣡
ش䣬һ̣ķ̱仯ΪһƬеķӣһ̣ȣǽɫ⣬ΪѪ⣬ƽͷΪǺ֮
ɱ
ͳһݿУȻ
С¶֮ɫݣ֮
ͬʱĿϣһ̣Ȼ۾ͫ׵Уֵģǿ񱩵µɱ
ɱ
зһɷȻһתͷͨޱ޼ʵȺɱʢ˳ȥ
ڴʱȪȴĵ֮ŵ֮ϣͬʱһӰӰɱ죬ɷ𶯣УȴǳŸıɶȥ
䣡䣡䣡
Ȼը֮쳹ŵĵͨͬһʱ䣬Ⱥ̮
̮ʯȻĺɫ⻪Щߣ쵽˼£飬ƺգƻƷ˷Ȼɢ
Щߣͨⱻȡڱ֮УЩͬһ׷׿°ĭ۷ۡƬ̣ѹѹȫ£³һ
һ˲䣬ʮڵ壬ȫ
䣡
ɷʮڶʬ֮ϣϾɷ춯أϿյƬأһ̣ȻʧɫһƬѪɫ
ɷƲ㶼ȫɢ¶Ǻӡ
Ǻɷ£Ѫɫһǳһʺ̵ѪҺ
ǳ֮⣬·ܵĳǣȻ£͸ɷֱָŴ졭˾ŵ½֮ϡ
ŴУ壬Щ壬ȫãվԭء˺ܵ˿ֲɷ죬ǹأȴ޴룬֪ʲô¡
ͨˡ⣬ô£
ǹ⣿
һãȻ̧ͷЩǹ⣬һ㣬Ϊʵ¡ϸ۲ÿԿǹ㣬ÿͨУߵʯλá
˿̣ʯѾȫֻ̮֮Ƭ̣ʵµǹ⣬Ȼɢȥͬһ⣬ͽȻգۼ䣬졣
̣Ȼ˵֮Ⱥϡ
Ȼ󡭡

⣬ʲô
һҽ֮ȻصЩĿз
ȻǺȻķ֣ǵ壬ǹ֮£Ȼʼĳֱ仯ǵѪʼڣɴ۾
ѪѡǾѣ⣬⡭
һ壬ȫǵɴ۾Ѫѹ̵еʹ࣬ȴһ˷ܡ
Ѫһѣǿɰ쵽顣嵱УҲѪ񣬶żĲ졣һ̣һƬǹ֮µ壬ѪʼǷҪ׵ı֣
Ǽˣȴţȴš
ȻѪķڣֻǳһСˡǷڵ£·ҪƵʱ򡭡ǹ⣬ʧˡѪ֮У̼䣬ɢһɶ
ֻһ㣬ֻһ㣡
ҪҪͲһ㣡Ͳһ㰡
Ƿŭˣ˫ĿҪץסһľѷ֮СϧǹѾɢҲѾȫʧ
Щ巳겻йеķŭ


1139 һ
ھŵͬһʱ䣬ǰļ壬㶼Ȼɫ䡣ģӣɫһУ˾ſѪţҲάģκȻǣ̼䣬һߴɣ״Բȴ˴ǵĿֲ塭⣬ǧԭͣ
ͨͨ˾Ÿ
ǧ巢˺ѰĴУУ̺ױȵĲҡ
ʲô
˵ʲô
ͨ
߿У̥ǿ߻ûн֣ʶһ̣ǹŶԼʥ棬ǧʥһ𡣶ǧ֮ȴȻɴ۾¶𺳵µ顣
ͨôͻȻˣ˾Ÿ
Ŷһʥϣ񱩵ŭ⣬˲˺أаУš
ƻƻҲ̥ս
ǧˣµĴǣͬһ㣬ڶ·Ҫһء
ƻѵǸݣŶʥ۾һɣаС۵Уɱ񱩵˼¡
ܣжŭǼһղŲŻٵڵʯţȥͬʱٵŵͨ
ô£ѵǾϣ岻ɣŶüȿ£ɱаϢ
ܣͨͬһʱ䱻٣ˣҲͬĻٵʯҪǡ¿ߣԻκҪƻͨĹؼǿǳʮڵ壡壬ô֣ܶ
ǧҪˡ
ŵͨǿǾͨͬʱˣͬʱˣ
ֻһ˵֮ؽҲˡ񣬾ͬʱٵʲôؽ
ͨؽô󷨱رȥĶң
ǿɲһСĿȺ࣬ûô࣬˵
ô죿ô죿
ǧԽԽǵе۾ͨ
Ҫȥ
ҪȥҪȷЩǲĶѾˡǣһлصĿܡǡʹˣ
ǵô۵ǿ¹ء
뵽ǧʥ棬һҲȲȥ
ôˣȻҪߵʱ򣬾ŭµȴ
ʯŻˡݴݻʯŵһ˲䣬˸Ӧû˵ΪѾ·ֻн
ڣǧȻ˵ҪߣʲôԼʯţôĪİװױݻˣڶԷռвʱֱ˱ͺˣǽʧʯšȴҪôˣ
еŭ⣬˲ͱˡ
֪ͨжҪǹĿʲôΪ˽ͨô񣬾ŵͨϾٴȥʲôãǧҧгݡ
Ϊ粻˱ƽʧʯţôˣŭ¡
㣡ǧҲһʱƿڡ
룬ôǿٵһʯţҲ͵ˡȴû뵽Ѿǿ̶ֳȣݻһʯŲ㣬ڼ̵ʱݻ˵ڶ
ʵϣǧȴ˵ʯ֮⣬Ǹݵݻκʯţǲ̫ĵġֻҪʯȫ٣Ҳֵõġ
û뵽ͨȥ
ȻһʼҪ֣ͨšϾ¹κһ壬ɶ֣˵Ҷ֣
˵壬嵱ƢΪײеĹŶҲɱͬ࣡ݻͨ͵ͬɱЩࡣ
鷢ˡңֻһѡǾŴ
ŴͨǿǾŸ죬ʮڵ尡ôҶ֣ôң
ͨһ׽죬ûԼ׿ӣ꣬;Բ롭ҵʲô룬ôҲܺ޸Ӧ
£ŵͨˡ
⣬⡭
һʱ䣬ǧֱҲʲôݴ
ŭң桭һţޱȡ
ֻƬ֮󣬾ͱѹסҧǼսұҪȥһҲӦúͨҪԡķ£²ûκ塣
˵ţ޴ԲһΣֱҪƿնȥ
˵ߣȻս󣬻˾ʯˣµɫȴı˺ɫǾˣŭ˼µı֡
һΣǧǰ
㣡ǧ壬ҲŭˣĿ˸ΣյĹâϴǣʱʶΪһ㣿
һսȻۿҪ򿪡
Ƕ侲㣡ô廹ûҪڧĬõĹŶ񣬿һĻʱŭɱʢĵÿȥǼΣķôܾô뿪
˵۵ɱͳ޲֣ͨʲô⣬۽޷ɡ٣ҲҪȺˣ
ߣǧһ˹ŶĻûгɣһΣù壬˳ȥ
Ӷ˶ҧУԶ
ڸʲôܲܿ㣿忴ԶǹһĽ磬ȴ߳
Ѿŭˡ

ʲôҪԼôߣȻԶһĻС
̥ǿߵĻ㼯أȻעǿǧȻֿȴЩˡ
ʯͻڸ߿֮Ϻͷ̥弤սʱȴȻʤһ쳹أͬס
ڷԵģľźݺֹ̥Ǽֹͬλ̥ӡȻҲҪ̥ȥ
ݺһĻȴ¶ɫڧˣ
ȻҲһߣüͷ΢ž֣ͣǧ룬ȴһ˼ӡ
֪СĽ䱸ƽ˵ݺľһ£Ҳ˵ͷ
۲
ǷһԷҲ
տһ·ҲԶ֮ڣƣԷҪɹƣѡ
˵ǹǿ֮󷨣̥ҲҪ÷ܹơ
ҵлɱ󡭡˿Щؼ廹֮⣬÷ֻҪɱһǿһ£˵նЩ壬ѹ϶ҪСࡣ
ǿǻڶţ֮µģȴڷսšɱ죬ѪȾ

廹ڽֵʱǧ֮ĵطɷƲȾ˺ɫɱأһͣ١
ݣͬɱվԭأΨһһ˿Ѿɢȡ֮ģŨµѪ졣
ǰСţš
ʶڣģѾȾһֻҪһıѪɫôݣΪɷꡣ仯Ҳ޷ת


1140 춦ٶ
ɫʶ˿ѾһƬѪ죬λãȴϹľдɫһУѾѪɫ̶һ顣ϹľҲ·ܵ˼ĲһΧڿʼͣ
Щ鵱Уһһ𶦡
춦
춦Խʶֻ֮ΡһΣǵԪǺڻþʱǺɫ깥ֿ֮ȴǱ춦ȥ
ڶΡȴϹľķ֮ʱ
Ϲľ̥䷴֮ʶ飬Ĵڣڼ춦һ֮¡һƽ
ݲûлɹ춦춦ͼ춦ͼ춦ȻЩ֮ʵкܴ֮ͬͬڣȻ춦Ķͣ춦ȴǡһϣͿɿͬ
Ⲣ˵춦Ͳǿ˶ȻǷϹľķѣܹѹ
춦ص£ЩҲоȴʼûκεĽչԶãֻͨļ𡭡ѹϹľʵ̫̫ࡣ
ɴ˿ɼʼûҵôķ˵ʸ
ǼΪ˵ġѾȷΪʮķݶѾԶһ춦С
ûа취һȥ˽֪춦ֻкôûлҲһֱԼʶС
ڣ춦һζˡʵϣɷʶһ˲䣬춦Ϳʼ΢΢
ֲɷԽŨԽļңĺ·ĳڻȸԾҪȴֱһȫ赲סһ㡣
ָоǰǿңɷԽŨֵ·ԽԽ΢ƺ޷ѹơ
ڣ֮ϵľģֻʣһҪȫתѪɫʱһѹƵʧˣ
ˣ
һҵĲͻȻʶ·һͣǾѪɫƺǲͣתѪɫǸоǿҲͣϹľһ̣Ȼͣ١
һƹ⣬ڼ춦֮ſ⣬ʱֻһ㣬Ѹڼ̵ʱȻ·⣬̼䣬ϯʶʶӳյӡ
ͣ٣ֻһϢȻȻ仯
ͬˮһĿֲɷԭͣĸȾݵ꣬ʶһ̣Ǽ춦ĹŨ֮󣬷·ܵʲôǣһ㣬Ȼż춦ӿȥ
ˣ
춦ͬˮǳˮһɷ춦ϣܵһǰδе˷ܣ
˷ܣ·Խƾ£ŲɣԼԼȴΪʵ
ûκǶ֡·Ǽ춦һ˷ܣַ·׷䡭糱ɷ·˼춦ĳһֻ䣬Ӷñûǵļ춦һ˷ܵĸо
·һۡ˷һûǣ˷ܣʵˡ춦ûǣһ̣壬ȴʵʵֳһ˷ܡһֹŹֵµĸо
ԭ߲ͭɫѪɫɷ룬ʼһ·ɷֿ߲ζȥ
Ӷ㿪ʼ߲ͭ⣬ʼʧȡ֮ģĶ塣һԭģĶѾĶϣʼһ쵽µķġ
ǲʶκһַģ򽣬ĳֹģɢضӵζ³֡
̲죬ɷӿ붦壬öһ̷·һ籩Уɡ»Ḷ́ȴΪ
ʶѪɫĹ̿ʼ仺ɢǸȾ֮ϾһֵѪ䣬ҲȻʧ
֮ϣ޾ɷȻӿݵڡһʶ֮󣬱˼춦С
ģԽԽ󡣳ʼһ㣬ģֻ㣬㶼±İ߲붦һ̣γ˼ΪĶԱȡ
仯ڳģתơ
·ɷǴʹ˱仯
ɷֲ£ͬ಻ϣϲȻǺҲվȥʱ
ʯſռӿɷһʱһɷȫʧ֮ʯ֮Ťռ䣬ҲȫָƽһȥҲ˿쳣
ڼ춦֮ʱݵ壬Ȼ֮ͣУɴ۾˫ĿУȻɷ죬ȴ˼ֿ񱩣˼ľɡ
һʱݵʶѾڰɢ壬ȴȻһڿСɢſֲѪ֮⣬ҪصƣȴѾʧ
˿̵ȥͬһʬ壬ֲءֲûκ
ʶУ춦һ˿ʯӿɷ˿̵λãѾ±һƵĸ·Ķ֮ϡϰ벿γǿҵĶԱȡ
ɷʧʶδָԭĽ춦ƺܵҪΧʶɷûгɹûкһ˿
ڣлʧ춦Ҳȫָƽ
ȻĬվ֮ϣֻǱð߲Ķ·˵ţһЩʲô
ڼ춦ָƽһ̣ݵ壬Ҳһ̣Ȼ˫Ŀ·ʧȥһӸ߿֮Уֱӵ
أ
һֱֵС״һæȥһצһץһǣס塣
˼Ѿȫԣûѵ˼ڿҿ˼ۣ׼һ򣬽һ̤˹ȥݵ壬ҲȻǣϡ
һȫָƽɷʧӰ٣֮ϣѪɫĺˮѪȣݼšͬ򡭡

һУû֪Ǳߣսڼ
ѪζأѾѪ⸲ǡԶڵɱ¾Ҫӵĺ봥Ŀġ
ݻɱ壬ȫʬԾԵѹ촷ۣѪأϾûʲô֫ϱʬͬ
ʬ壬ʬ壬֫ϱۣѪɡ֮ϣһ㣬źˮƯȹǿһۣͷƤ飬ɫס
⣬ʬɽѪ
ʥŶʥ棬Ȼվ֮С϶ɢſֲɱǶûж
ǣ·һʼٵȴʲô
ʱ䣬Ȼţ潩ţ壬ھغǧλã棬սʬ塣
Ľܼң໹嶼ڣҵʱǶڵȴȴս
ɱʣսȫֵĽ׶֮ʱĳһ̣һ쳹ص֮ͻȻ
һ죬˼ڼս˫ǲģ̧ͷȥ
ǿǼǹƣڰһ죬ļȻġɢˡ
һֱɫݿԶİߣһ˲䣬Ȼ䣬Ȼ̧ͷ˿С
֮ˣ
䣬ȻعͷһſֲɱѾȻص
ɱ


1141 ûԺ
䣡
嵱Уʮ񱩵µĿֲȻţһֲϢŲȥ
罭Զıһ˲üѿĿУ¶һ˿Σһ˿Σܿ컯˾ƽͬЩ𾪺ѿľԼݺĶС
սڲſʼϰɡ
ľźݺ΢һ£һ֮󣬶˱˴еȻ
ɱ
һȣԷ罭ԶдͬȻУȳ˳ȥˣһ磬ӭ嵱Уǿһȥ
Ϊ˲
ľҲһȣ˳ȥ硣
ݺΪŮӣһ̣ͬݳ䣬˳ȥ
·֮֮ʣ¶һ˲ľţ罭Զȣǳǵ۾Ҳ˲
Ϊ˲
Ϊ˲
һǿкغ࣬˳ȥ
ľս
嵱У̥ʥ棬ֹŶǣֻսǿļͬһѡ̥ͬ塣
Ľƣ壬ʲộ
һߵĺһͷ壬ͬף˷ܣ̤նӴ󵽼£пֲѹķ
Ҫս֪ﴦһ뷢Ժߣƿն
ǲǿɢ֮һĻˣƿնһһ𣬷ʡ
ż翹ѣһһͷ̥壬ЦͨɫĿдſޣУ˶оͬɽѹ
ǰ⣬һ꣬ĬǰУֱܹ⻪һؽƷϵʡ
ƣ
ɱǣ޵صءһӴԳ˫Ŀ죬ųޡ
ͬһĶ棬꣬ͬɱǧ嵱ƿնӭȥ
սӭȫ汬֮ǰ̥壬ڶˡһʯ쾪֮ŭ
Ѫɣ⻪󡭡ѪζڿУγѪơ
ãЩ̥ſƣȻսȴδԶԷ֣ͨǱ˴ҵ֣Ϊս
ǺǵսǶЩ֣߳Ҳǵκһɱġһһȶͨ˳֣ԷҲȻѡ񡭡ǶԸ⿴ġ

غȫսʱ򣬲ڲһ޴ԡ
ʬ鲼ɲûκһʬ塭ϣԭ󷨣˿̣ѾǹѴȱʧ˴룬촷ۡ
ԱߣֻһӰվšһòӣվԭأ˸Űɫ⻪ˣ۾ȴһƬɺ죬⡣
ޱĻһ֮ȴŤͷһĿ·ԽĿռ䣬ĳһĿꡭ
Ƿķ
롭
˻³Ź֡Ŀɺ֮ɫһûгɣһΣֱǸȥ

һƬǿߵļսһ̣Ȼ
·ĩգʱʱ̴̿ĺȻ֮նѣγһɲ磬ء
ͨˣܵ紵磬Ϊ֮£űűˣ޷ĿֲƽʱֻѾ˾Ӵܡ
һ̣ûӡǶɱ۾Ƕű֮ģŲסǣһҲءֻһͷɱ
ԼҲҪɱ
ֲɱ⣬ظӶһƬ硣
ĿֲȻǰ֮⣬ĸӦԿһأѾһƬڣҲ
ڣ֪ߵ֮ϣһ鳤ղҽд̧ͷһֻһͷӴӸ߿֮ϣ׹¡Ǿʥ档
ʥ·ܵش·Ϸһ⣬ߣֱ׷׹ӰҪɱ
ʥȻܵشûзſ֮Уһ˺յĹ⻪ͣҪһ·
ǻɫӰɱŨ˼£˿ʥ洭Ϣ֮һֲ⻪ҪܣҪȻֱӻ飬ɱȻ׷ɱ¡
ڡ
䣡
죬ʥ棬ֱ˺֮ϡ
·Ľս֮޴ޱȵΣ˲䣬Ƶ塭񱩵ѹķ顣
ʯ֮䣬Ǿʥںϵһ˲䣬һ˿ͣϢҲһ˿ͣϢǻɫӰȻһץסᣬ˶Է塣
Ǿʥһţһſֲ𣬺Ȼȼգȫ

µдŤ뺣УҪϨϻ桭
עҪʧ̥Ļ棬ͨˮϨ
У飬ˮѷ쵱С޲гʮ壬Уʥ棬Ҳ˺УȫɡҽгƬ֮󣬻ָһƬž
̥ޣһ
ɫӰ֡ǻˡ
Ȼɱ˾壬˵״̬Ҳãɫ԰ףͻȻ۵һѪήҵĵ˼Ȼ
ϣһѣͬҪһ㡣
ͬΪ̥Ȼɱ˾壬ˣҲѾǿ֮ĩ
ʥ棬ǡȻ̥ǰʥ棬ҲʮѲġ
κΣˣǲǿɢ֮һսսʯҪǿǰ벽̤˱ԴĴڡ
ɱ˾ʥ棬ʱҲʧȥһս֮
ڣϢ΢Ϣ̧ͷһۣ͵һҧһ壬³߿գһ⻪Ʋȥ
ʱһͷ壬ˣ
ǣܲδ̫ãһ̥ǿߵսʤ
ƣ
ϵؽױڶ࡭УսȴһֱƫĶ֣塣츳ͨͿѹƵ˵ս£űһЩʱ䣬գǱץס˻ᣬһڣҧȻһڣҧС°һ飬£
࣬Ҳ̥ǿߵ
һĻǣɱ¾
ƽʱһ̥Ⱥ𾪡ʱû顣ûʱ䡣
ͬҲܵشԵ֮ҲϢȻĿе׹⣬ûаּĿһɨһս˹ȥ
嶼ɱ۾罭Զԣһһսⳡս࣬û·
޸Ѿɱ壬ƣҲ׬ˣ
жţ鰲ƴɱһֲηĺ顭Ѿ׬ˡֻҪɱһǾ׬ĸࡣ
˵Ժ󡭡ڣûԺ


1142 
пսڼֻǲغѡڲڲͨ࣬ͬĩһԶʣԼȭͷš
ڵȴһֹ̣ͣУ˶߳˼ţڿտңԶ˸ſֲķ
Ǻһս
ڣһȺȺǣ߳ţֵϣŵĿԶ
ɶ񣡡˷ŭĵ˻ȭͷšƣѪ
ֻͨ壬ȣҪС̫̫ࡣһսУǣ𲻵κá
⵱УຢӣЩӣ̫ԵʲôصգЩͽţ۵ϸżɻη壬ץס߸ĸֺͿȣҲһ̧ͷա
յļңԶʱʱкһߵʣżֺڰ
ǴôһСкĿԶʣȴ̲סѯʡ
ԵɫĬͷһСкСкͷûлش
䣡
һ̣һ޴죬ءҵҡ֮£ʱò˶ˤڵء
ôˣ
𣿣

Ƕʱʧɫ䣬ͷӬһұܣһƬҡ
Ȼ;Ҳ·ĵ׵һңȫȻ
Ҳһ԰ףһѱסͬЩסСкҵ۾һ
Ȼˡھǲ̫ԶһطУһƬŤ

ô᣿
ྪ
ľۼ֮ǾΪʥ֮񡭡

һŭޱŭ⣬Ȼը졣ֻһȴ˶һԴһΣ岻ĽˣǱء
䣡
ըһƬֲ⻪أǹ⻪˺գ¶һƬ磬·Ҫϯ
пһĻ࣬㶼ûһ˿Ѫɫ
룬ȷҪҴô
һȴżζһңԶʣһӰֱ߿աԺХĹ⻪ȴ赭дһ֣ʱһƬֲⲨУһɹ쵽µȻȴǵס⻪ನ
㡭
ݵĳĬ֮һӰ˸߿ա


پԶ࣬룬ʱһǾһ񣬵ɴ۾
룬
ǲȺͨĿеػ񡭡һνʱ򣬾룬˵棬˲⣡ˣľ񣬶мĸм֮顭
շ罭ԶʱвپɻΪûзϾж飬ֻڵǿ֮УͨˣȻǲ֪ġ
ԣ˿һ嶼¶֮ɫ
Ϊλ

УѾվǺɫӰĶ棬˿̵״̬̫ãȻһ˿˿Щ΢Ĳ԰ףһ˫⣬ǰˡ

Ǻǣ겻һпɺã
ģһ꣬ȥʮӣ޳ݿ㣬Ǵһ˿а΢Ц۾ȴǹɺɫʣԽһа֮С
룬Ȼ΢Цת䣬а硣
ߡһһԶʿһۣЩѿӣǴˣ
ֻһۣѾܵԵһѪս
˵أһЦЦݳа⣬޷ֱ
Į˵Ҳûʲô˵ˡأϺȻֲĲĿһĨŨɱȻսɡ
Ϊ˶ǰһսҲʤһΡһġͻȻЦЦһͷʱԿͷɫһ˵Ĺ졣
ʤ嶼ô޳ôƽĿһۣĮ˵
թԼ⣬ܹ˭߰ɣúսһܲɣٶȴЦЦ֮ȴƿնȥֱ߸ʡ
üͷʱһͷһ۲ԶЩãȻĺѹѹͨȺȴֳһ˿ɻ󡭡
ƺԸⲨЩͨӣ
뷨ĹŹ֣ȴеЩɻ󡭡Ҫ˵̶ɱ壬ôŵġ
ôΪΣ
벻ףͷһ֮ȴҲ֪ڲʱĿ
ûȫʮսܷӳ˲ǼޡǿȫпöԽһɢ
û취ԷѾ룬ȴҲ̰֮
οն˲սӣ
뵽û˿ɣһΣ磬˲Ϣֱ߸ʶȥʧ˵С
ţڸ߲֪ĸ߿֮ϣֲȻͬƵµĹףĻҡ

սȫ濪ս״̬һ̣̥սΪⳡսʤĹؼ
̥ǿߵսڸ߲֪ǿ߶޴ӿֻϡһֲĲУܸ̥ܵǿᡣ
ȴʯԼʥ棬ţʥ棬Ȼڼսʯͻڲ̥ǿߵУǱȽǿġʥţʥ棬ܹΪһҪսȻҲСǿν൱ʱѷʤҲ
ΪڱԵΨһıԴǿߣ罭ԶҲĶ֡
Ǿ壡
ޣӵбԴսһͷޡ
ʯѾ٣ɱŨ˼£ڵȵƱƣٲѹ֣
Ӵٴα󣬴ﵽǧɸ߶ȣڸ߸ʣһһƬ飬񱩵˼¡
罭ԶҪʱ佫£Ҳܡ
Сϵƣȴ˿ǧɵľ壬һգ
һʱֱѣ޹⡣
Ҳ벨·ͨ壬Ը߸߷ǧ֮ϵĸ߿վս˵Хͨ򾳵ָ߶ȣҪϢ紵壬Ϩꡣ
ǵսǧ֮ڣû˸ڿ̥Ҳҡ
ݺӭ˹Ŷ񡭡ľţӭ֮һͷ̥Գ塭
С
̥ܶܶ࣬ǿǶӵԼĶ֡
൱̥ǿǣ໥սԴܾáͬҲпһ񣬾ͱԷץסᡣ
սȻͨ˫ȥ򾳼ǿȥ̥ǿߣҲˡ
ʱ仺šһսûϢʱ䣬
һ죬죬졭
ѪҺѾȾƬ򣬺紵ŵģǵĺζѪζ


1143 
˾Ĳ֫ʬ塣̶ʱ䣬Ѿг˫ˣԶһƬ֮ϡ
ɱ죬ɷͬ죡
һƬأѾҲ磬꣬Х޾ѣǧٿ׵Ŀռݡ
طѾȫ飬ռ޸֮Ҳ޸Ƶľƻ
ͬĩա
ľսʱƣԽԽ˫ǿߣһսȥ
ʥˣ뻪սҹ֮ڱҵһᣬһԴдĳԹȴڻһ֮£ȫ飬һ˿л궼û¡
ͬùʥ棬̥ͨޣﵽ۷壬൱ڰֻ̤˱ԴĴڡҹĽ棬Ҳβ㱻ʥɱ˿̻ϣɫɷףͬҲǿ֮ĩ
̥ǿߣ޽ƵɱУҲļ࣬ɱʥֱ֮ȡաҪٶȻָսٶɱ
ݺսϼŵòʵվ˹ŶʥһأգѾǿ֮ĩͷŶʥ絽˶ҺĲҽУòտʼڻԪʼڻ궼ʼڻ˷·𱻴գų֮⣬Ϣʱ֮󣬾пĥջһ̯ˮ
ͬҲ˹ŶʥĿ׳һ˺ۣЩնҲ͸¶ƣȴӵ䣬ɢӿֲа֮⡣
Ҫָû顭ʵҲû̫áֻǳһ·ѪˮȻգĿСŴѪˮӿ룬״̬Ժת
ȻûлָϵĴˣȴõ˼Ļָ
ԣѪҺõĲƷ
ֹһ죬򣬻и̥ǿȥ
Ⱥ֮һǧҫһͷڤʥ漤սУڤ츳ͨĻҹУ֮󣬱ɡ
֮һѡһͷʥС츳ͨ͹ŶһҲǶֶûйŶһĶԵҲΪֲλսбҺ絽沿ʱá궼һͬãʹȥ
ϼڣıбȣС
Щˣ˵ĸǶһţȺҪĴգ䡣
ǵУ߱ǣܹͱеͬģվ̫̫١
ǲۻ㹻߸㹻Ϳ˵ġҪԵΪ̥Ҫɽٵģ
̥䣬ǲǵʧȴΪءǵоˣ֮·ʹֹ򾳣
̥ǶԣǼΪصĴɼˣȻηս
ΪˣЩ£ǸκδۣȻҪȥģ
ʧأ壬ͬʧء಻ͬǣǣûСһ䣬䡣
һģǰͺ̡
һ̣ѾûȥʲôԵɣȥⳡսʲôĿġɱۣɱͷֻΪɱ¾
޾ӿȵӭȥǳͶսпἤңѲһ
սڼ
죬죬졭
սеǣ·ѾһսĿģӿļѪɫɷÿһڣĳȣɱȻһֻ̣ɱ¾

ޱ޼ʵɱ¾ʱңԶǧĳһУһµ
µͣͣɫĺˣӿµ֮ϣϸɳҫ·͸գƣһƬ
ĳĿ籩꣬ѩռңѪȻͬ·һãһǵ
̲һͨɫëСſڵϡʱ˦һβͣʱְͷһȥƬ֮ſ£·ػʲô
СǰһӰ
ĵ˼£ضһָɾ͸Ϣɵƽŵ֮ʱȴһ˵ɷ֮Ȼκֱӵ飬𵴣·Ҫޱɱ¾
Ӱڵĵط·ضų⣬޷ھ֮ľ룬ȫȥ·̺ĳֲֿµһ
ӰôţʱţϵϢȴ·û˿ı仯ͬһʯʧȥһϢ
ǽɫСôغԱߡ죬ҹ磬ꡭΪ
ʱһһŹȥۼ䣬Ѿ졭
һֱ֮ļȻضȻһɫСԭſڵϣһ˲䣬Ȼ˲䣬ӰԱߡ
أأ
ĿУһ֮
ϵӰǲģݳ鶯һ£漴ģ۾
ˣ
·һ̶Ȼɢ磬ֻʣһ˫۾һ˫۾Ѫīű䵽µĺ⣬У·̺һ磬Ǹ統Уſ񱩶ɱ¾ֻһۣ·Ҫ磬һƬɱ¾Сֲļ£
ɫСȻըëȻһ˲漴˦˦ԴЩֵĿӰٶһ˹ȥ
أء
һ˲ıʧȡ֮ģȴһ˿
С𣿡
˻ƵӰĿдƽԴһ˿
أ
ɫСʱĽһһӰĻУϲͷԷȥ
Ӱüͷȴһһ̧סСĶдɷֱСϡ
أС·Щ󣬲ԵĿӰ
Ӱ΢΢һ£иֳһ˿
ˣˣ
ʱһԺм
Ӱһ£üͷһ塣
һ˿˵ı
죬ת
ĵ
ӰٶһĿƺһ˿ɺԥ
ˣҪɷӰıģٶȴ˳
Ӱеԥʢڳ֮ڱ۾һӡ
ˣ
ļȻ֮䣬һƬѪ⣬Ȼ֡
ǵģѪ⣡
һƬѪ⣬Ȼ֣
Ѫĳ֣أȻһɺ磬Ű
·ʲôӰ̧ͷһȴֻѪ⵱УһͬӰһƬޱ޼ʵѪУڿա
һ˵ɷ棬˲죡
Ȼ


1144 壿
Ӱüͷ΢΢һ£ȴȻ䣬һ˵ìܡ·Ϊ⣬ȴַ·⡣
ĬƬ̣۾ԺһѪ⣬Ȼ֡
Ѫīɫ޶Ŀ
Ӱһȴ΢΢֮
۾ȻһƬѪɫֻһ̣鵱Уһ˿𺳡
ô¡ҲǱɷôΪͻȻѣ
૳
ˣ̫̫ˣû¡ЩڴУһһĸо
ʲô£ҲӦñɷôΪΣӰüͷ
һ̣ϵʮֹŹ֡䣬ɱ졣ȴַ·ܹĵ׵һ˿ܹ˼
Ӱݣ
춦һ˿أǼ춦
춦ݵıһ㶣ֱӡ
ˣһ£֪ˡ˵
΢΢˵ͷ۾һգʱʶ
ʶ֮ȴǵһ
ﻹһ˿ʥģɫƲ㣬ѾȫһƬѪѪݣŨµɷֻǿһۣһΣһɱ¾ʱ
ˣעرģɷ̫ǿæѡ
ݵ˵ͷһ㿴ȥ
꣬굹ǴĽɫֻǣϵľһ̣ѾȫѪɫֻʣһdַţ貵Ľɫ
ɫd֣ʥ֮⡣ľģѪĽīױȵɷ棬졣
ݵͷ΢ط
̶ѾѪ̶·ĿֲѪһ޶Ѫʥ֮ʧǱѪ֮ȴŨҵ¡
ռ䣬ȴ֮⣬ΨһǰɫģֻʣϹľ·𼫶ȲһΧͣתݵĿ䵽֮ȴȻֹͣ󴫴һƻ
תĿ⣬˿ռߴļ춦
ֻһۣȻһ쳣
ļ춦߲ͨĹͭɫȻǹɲɣڣֻɫȴΪͬ°أ˼¡ûһ˿µĺۼ·
һ꿴˿ȴ̵طģ˶֮ϡ
⡭Ǵ˿̵ݣҲ̲ס¶һ˿𺳡
ˣ㵱ʱɷȫɣһɷ꣬㽫ɳͷβɷꡣڹؼʱ̡
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ȫɷɣȻͱģˡص
ˣҲЩż춦á
춦Ǹʲô·
ݲš
˿ȫȷ춦춦ģͼеĽȻͬ
ˣΪֲȻңȫʢʱڣҲôɷҡҾãûȫŪ֮ǰҪⴥȽϺáЩصĵ
ʲôˣԣȴһѯʡ
⡭һ£ҲڲûڡˣӦɷ֮壬ȴܵķһ˷ܵҪǰࡣɷˡˣǻһ鷳
飿ݵ۾ʱ΢ż춦Ƭ̺Żصûпܿƣ
ƣһ£ƺһ˲֮ŵ֪̫ŹأԶ֮˵һ鶼ܺƿءյȴɷңôӴɷᷢʲô䣬˭Ҳұ֤ҽ˲Ҫԡ٣ڵɷȫ֮ǰҪԡ̫Σˡ
ȴĬδش𣬳ĬƬ̺ŵ֮ǰ˼գ
ûлش𣬷ʳһ⣬÷Щ漴ǻشա
գݶʱ΢䡣
֮ǰսͿʼˡȥ˾գ֪Σ
æһ˳ʶռ䣬ŵֱһ̧ͷɺ˫Ŀһȥ
ϸӦƬ֮ȴʱüΪѿȻվ
ˣ㻹Ҫȥɱʱ𾪵
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ѾоͨѾȫƻжΪλҪȥɱæ
˾ͨһ㶣ȴȻ۾һɣһ
Լʧȥʶһ̣
æ۾ҪӦԼķڡ
տյһУ
׻һ˵ء
ġˣ
ૡ
ÿһ죬ȥЩͨһЩͨΧг壬걻нСͨͬ˲ɱô塭
һֱû취¶ģݻͨΪǳʮڵ塣
ȻһգΪԼɷ꣬Ҳ˲ö룬һֻƻļƻǾŵ֮ϵķʡ漴˻ԡԶ֮飬Ѿûκӡ
ѹû¡񡭡
ֻ˾ͨ仰˵ɱʮ壡
ݵ඼Ȼһ˲΢΢
ˣʵǰ𡭡Ⲣܹ㡣ʱݻٲȷѡ񡣷һ幥˲ָô죿ʱЩˣȻˡңǵܳΪˣи꣡
֮ǰԣ꾡ʧʬ⡣ôȥǶԣһֽҲһأڳƬ֮ٶ
ݳĬ΢΢ͷı飬ֻǴšȭͷóģƽ
ƽǿǳʮڵͬ壡
ݾͲһɱ֮ˡһΣ˫֣մѪҺɱĶ࣬ҲгɣڡΪˣսҪһѡ
ѣԹۣݲûй뷨һĻĻû취ԣĽ롣
һʼҲûɱ̫࡭ҪͨвȵķʽзȻǵ͹ľġܲ²ĵԷʲôӦǺԼ˱Լȴʯš
ʼɱ¾ҪͨӴѹʹɱѾûа취ֻܼ
ǣԽɱԽ࣬ԽɱԽࡣɷ壬ȳɱ¾żᶨıģһδδɱ¾߳ȴȻѡΪǴ塣һ統ң͡
ĳɺ;ģһ̣ȴԵǰЦ
ɱ壬Ϊ塣񡭡ɱ˸壡
ʮڰǺεӴ֣ɱʮ֮࣡
壿Ϊʲô壿
¶ЦУֳãϵϢǿʼ
ʼɡԼ´Ǿĵʱ򣬾ԼԸɷʹһ


1145 ᣬ
ݳĬţϵϢʼò̫ȶⶼ޷͸ɷһ̿ʼпռ飬ܡ֮ͬ׵硣
ԺвͣĻصǼ¡û취⣬ǳʮ˵ȴֶ͡
ͣԺлص֣ڸԼǲԼĴ
ɲԼĴ˭Ĵ֣ɱˣ
壿壿
ǵĲЦԽŨеĺâȴԽԽʢʶУԭٶɷʼٶ΢΢ǱѾֹͣ˵մȾŴһֶȥ
һöȫɫôɷꡭʱһӣ
ı鸡ֳãʱ񱩣֮ǰɷ֮ʱӵһ˿ѪɫѾʼһdַ֮ϡ
뽪⣡뽭ȴа
ʱ򣬷ȻݵԺ⡱֣·ĳħݵʶָһ˿
·仯ټٶݵ˵ˣؾ֮صʬ壡
ݲĻɳȺؾ˵֮һȺȺʬ塭
뵱һңڴսˣѵףŽ
κ飬ҪȡᣡҼȷȱʧ̫֮࣬ǰ飬Ѿʱ巢ʲôһҲ޷ңڣǰǰӣ
Ϊ˷ӡ壬ңͽ֮ȡ塣ͬģҲ罭ȴа֮ϧⱾûжԴΪ壬˭˵Ǵģϧ˭˵ȴаǴģǣΪε廹Ǳӡˣѵ࣬罪һ㣬ķԼ
Բᣡ
иˣ罭ȴа֮ϧģ
壬Ȼӡˡ˵ʲô
Ҳ˵Ϊ˷ӡ壬嵱г˺εȲпɱǾʵҪ㹻׼ŻᱻӡΪ岫ôһʢδͬ⣿ֻɱҲҪɱ
ãκ飬õһЩʲôҪһЩʲô
ʮ֮Ȼʹֻһ⣬һ˭ҲԸ⿴ѣ
һ˵㲻⣬ǳԱĵҪɱǡҿͬ⣡
ôδԼ˽ģΪ˸ˣп¹ŭħжɹȺˣȻңӿֲĺȻˣˣΪɱã
ˣѵҪֵţǼгȥȻԼһֻ֪ɱ¾ɷꣿôֿĳ٣ֿɸӴɱ¾ɷ꣬ɲܶԷǲ࣬ǲǸɱֻҪ飬ɱ
ңΪһ飬ɷܻܿᱻĨǸʱڵǳָһ
ۣкżŭħĵĴ󻪹ڵһСˣֻΪһ⣬˵ֻΪȥĳһ֣ҪҪһУͳͳȥô
ԴǼҶٵԺסһһ䣬ݵУγɺγ𺳣
ıòݣһʼãü䣬ֳһ˿ᶨ
ڱ۾һƽԼ顣
ָȶʶռһУҲڻָȶǡd־վûбɫ
ȥ֮۾˿̣УѾã
ллţǼˡݵڳ³һ
Ⲣܹ㡭Ͼ飬κһȻɱ˿Ҳ𵴣𡣡Ҳڻ
ݵĿһ˿ȻԶվҽǸɱ
˵ȴͻȻһ㶣üͷҼǵ˵֮󣬼춦ʯӿɷȫ֮󣬾ֹͣô
ݵʵ̫ͻأһ֮ŵǰôôͻȻ뵽⣿
Ǿˡݵüͷƻʯţʯſռѣɱ˵е壬ЩɷԽ˿ռ䣬ӿҵڡǾͨȴԷֱӹݻٵġôɱʮɷȥˣ
⣬÷ʱһ
ǰЩɷȥˣ
ɷÿɱһ飬ͻֵġϡʱ޴Ӳﵽһ̶ȣǾͼΪֲˡ
ݣɱ˽ڵ壬ɷѾﵽһּ¡˹ǿһɱ¾΢һЩģֱӾҪ١
ݰ˵ɱʮڵ塭ϣûеõһ˿һЩɷ
ôɷȥĶˣ
ǡݵӣʱ˸˱ŭ֮ɫǣЩˣѾˡ
ˣʱһȷ̫ܰɣʱȥˣЩˣкʲôúõģôܡ
ûʲôܵġеֶ˿ͬˡݵĿ⣬˱ɱһɱ¿ֲɷӳ֮£˲䣬˷·׹ֲ
˵⻰һȴǱ۾
һ£ȴûдš
һ˽ʱڣٴ۾
һΣ۾Ȼɺ֮ɫУѾ̫ɱ¾ֻǣȻһƬ
ݳĬƬ̣ͻȻһƬѪɫȻ֡
̧ͷУһԭüĿׯϵķӣ˿̣ѾŤģ֪ȻǷ𡣲ǷĶˡ
ƶ񣬵ƶ࣬ࡣзȣ䣬йкڰ
ݱƵģķڷӰǴüĿ黨΢Ц;ʼɱ¾˴ɷɱļҡһ̣ķʵҲб仯ñׯϣޱϲ񣬾ɷ壬ɷ꣬Ⱦ˴ľģ˵ЩӰҲģ˶࣡
ݣĸ⾭ԡ
һ㣬һֵ̣쾡¡
ݾЩӰķЩӰ֮
ƽĴȴɷңЩȻҲͱ˶˶
ʵϣĴڣƾϵɷѾ㹻ɵΪɷˡ
ݵͷתƬ֮ջĿ⣬־Ѫɫڿʧݣվ
Ŀ⣬һΣҪȥһۣô²С
ͷһһ磬աԱߵСҲæȥ


1146 
ڲȺβˡȺʮ죬ͬһޱߵĺ֮ϣβͬһβʶβ˱֮Ϊ
ĴСʮ쵱вرڣԼǲһ롭Ȼֻһ룬ʵҲǼΪӴġ
ݴ߳Ѿ˻ġԭͨλá
ԭɣΡΰͨѾȫʧȡ֮ģһƬɺɫĩɵķ桭洦һĿӶȴûʲôʯôЩŹ֡ڵϣһȦԵĴĳܱĳĺۼۼԶ֮ң
ݵüͷҲ΢΢ϸ۲Ƭ̧̣ͷա
ĳ־Ӹ߿ճγɵĺۼ
ԣջĿ⣬˵ͷδ˵ʲôһΣ˷֮ϡ
һСĿӶȴ˵ǹĿȷĿ֮󣬾ͺȻγɳɢȥӶֻನγɶѡ
ݶ棬ֱĿӦһƬۣ֮΢Ĭ漴һ֮¿ա
Сһ·棬һֱĿжȻʲô뿪һ֮æȥ
Ȫ
ŵ죬һ·Ųȥÿһ죬ǰĲ鿴һ֮ȴ뿪
˼죬лѾȷˡ
ӣͨ飬ĳҹĲӦþȺȻӦǳ֮
У뵽
²ĹȻûͼıȻСʮȺӦʮǳҺôδͣδݣ򡭡⿴֮ϵƻ֪ǳ֮ͬСɡһɹĿʲô࣬¶ʲô¡
ֻɷʧԭ򣬻ûҵӣȥˡ
ţٲɣһ̤ٶȶա
һ·ȻҲһЩ塣˿ɱʢ˼£ȴֲòơշĻ˵ϵɷѾ˼ޣûܱ֤ɷٶ֮Ǽ춦æȻᣬҲû᲻ʲô֪ıʡõİ취ʱ٣ֹͣɱ¾
ȷҼйɷķӦþҵĲлûУһʱ䣬һҳӦɷķˣʱֹͣɱ¾ɡ
Ƿ˵Ļ
ݲûдӦֻ˵Ҿ
ʵ֪Ӳɱ¾ġȥһۣ۶ʱŪûŪɷʧԭҲǰġ
ͨ˾ŸͬļƻѾȫƻȻҪؽҲһһϦʱǰʤѾû˺֮ǡ
ѡʯţںƻĿҪƻĽ˱õʧˣȥãҲûںֳ󶯾ôɱ¾·
ɱ¾Ȼһѡ񡣻صСսսͨ£Ѿû壬ڻڴ򣬶ֻΪġټСսսԿ
սɲ̥ͨԱġȻǰֻ̤뱾ԴҲһ
˵Դ֮ԱǿܹѹΪǹŹıԴֻ֮ҪձԴݵսֿɱ
˼⣬ٶ̣һΣ·ͣһ·ᴩգʱ֮Ȼңң
һ˸ݵ˵򡣵ţĿһλÿȥһ̤ա

ģͨϡ
ɱɱ
˻ĺɱصأͨϿգһӰվڿУǿֲĺɱ֮Ǵд
з·ĳεĽס࣬Ťͷ̶ͷƤ顣
˿̣ӰϷһȻһ޴򣬻˴ƵĴǣһڹⲻ֮ͣ˦ڿУγһȦȦƺɫ˿߰ûǿбŮڣһһ
Ҳ֪˶ٵģŮӵĺɱʼͳԭ쵽£ӯɱ񱩵Ѫɫʼˣģֳһ˿
ϣ
һļȻ쳹һѪɫˡ漴Ȼ̧ͷĿ¶ɻȻ֮ɫ
ʥ棿

ǿδһʱش͵һ̧ʱţȴֻɫ˿߸֮ϣҲȻ̧
һɢſֲɱʺ֮嵱ȡڿУŤԼ֮䣬˻֮񴫳һа֮⡣
ʺ֮ﵽ˿УȴȻͻ·Ҫ忪ؼǺɫ˿̫࣬ȻϼҲ޲˲иȥģʺ֮ﱻʵʵڿз
ʱ򣬿޴ͻȻһţ۵һɫ⻪ֱӴǱɫ˿߰ʺ֮ϡʱâʢһ㣬һ½ʺ֮˽ȥ
ֲа֮⣬ʱɢڿСâʢ΢΢˸֮ͣ
ʱſɿԿĺɫ֮Ȼһʯʣ·ͨһģһ
ȡʺ֮ϵɫ˲һƬ԰ף˶˲ήȥϵĽ֮ɢֱӵͨϣϢ
ңʲô£ΪϣŨɷű쳹϶ϡ
΢΢ϢһãȻңҲ֪һֱغڴˣһĪĸоһֿɱ⣬Ȼԡ֪ʲôô£
̧ͷŻҡ
㲻֪۾ȴһƬͨ죬ǵżķŭɱеĻҺãȻһУԼ·
һ㶣ɳ·ȥ
Ȼһ֮ȴǴһɴ۾
ֻ·ԭ²֮أ˿ѾһƬǽ塣ƬƬѪȾ˵棬һ߾߲Ʋʬ壬ѻɽǧٹֵĺڵϡ
ĿȥѹѹһƬ˵Ҳǧ򣡡
⣬ô£ϵʱɴ۾
˵أű
ңģŴͣһ͡
ʮ죬ͨ١ΨһʣµģҷƺںʯԼѡںϵġң׷ʲô£
Уһŭ⣬ȫѹƲס˳


1147 
ӴڿУһ趯ɢű˵Ϣ۾Ѫ˿鲼ѹƲסŭڵȼš
ңҲ֪ȴһ㵵ģ·ʬɽѪ·𺳵Щز
˵ŭ£ݵһǣ˲䳯ȥ
ʲô϶ʱһһ˸⻪Ҫܡ
ߣ
Ϊ̫󣬿ֻһ˲ٶȱգۼ䣬˸ʵʵ
Ȼ˵ҾԼĿб˼¡֮ʣһǣֱӳԴȥģ·Ҫֱӽϴһ㡣
˲ѪɫȫޣĿ˲֮ɫϣ⻪ȻʢһѹϢ˲両֡
ȻҪԱ
Ȼ⣡
һȴ˲һп᣺ǰѣ
ϵĴ֮ϣʱ˸ڹ⣬Ǻڹһ˲ӿڣʹϵĹ⻪˲ȥ
˿ٿϣﻹа֮ǰĻ޴룿ȡ֮ģȴһƬƽ
Ŀһϵĺɫǣ̧ͷ˿ҲָƽŹġ
Ȼû뵽ϻ˵ôһ仰˫ĿϣޣȻ⣡
˵ҧгݡ
ٶȴ³ңķ˭
˵Ǿ仰֮󣬾һƽı۾ûٶ˵Ĵ㡣
˵ҾԼɡ飬ŭʢٶ˵һ֮һǣ˲ȥ
ۿҪϵĶͷ֮ʱͻ
ߵĿռ䣬ͻȻ漴һֱƣֱ֮ӣһ֮ϡ漴
飡
ը֮赭дһƣ˲䣬һǣɷ飡
ƬɫѪҺŴ⣬罦ķ
ʱһҽУ˫ĿжʱӿһɺȻ֮ɫ˭
һۿȥſߵĿռڣһӰ˳һӰ£ɢһĺϢ
ֻһۣͷ͵һĿ¶һ˿
ȻľûȫɢǵӰ̧ͷҲģԼ۾ԷĿ⣬һӴ
䣡
ֻĿһӴȴ˲׻ԺУʱһɿֲɱ¾̼䣬ԺΧһж·ʧأֻʣһ˫۾
˫ۣѪīУһƬʬɽѪһѹֵµľɵӿͷĵ׵ɱ¾˲ӿҪ٣

ؼʱ̣ǿһϺڹ˲ʢγɹĻݵĿȥǹɱ¾ɢЩŭӵ̧ͷǵӰ
ɷ㣬˭
ԼûܿƵĲ
Ӱ֮߳΢΢漴һɫСҲ˳СµĿ˿һĴǣȻԺӶ䣬ôյС
һϣ˵Ĺ졣
סϣӰĿ¶ֹ뾴û¶ɣ
·˿ҲϵĴǡ
߳ģȻǸϵ˵صˡ
һۣϴͷ硣ȴ̧ͷ˸߿աһʯתǿϺ֮һ顣
ûлشҲûлشϣݳſһ֣ʯͷʱ˹ͬʱ赭дһ
ǿɫʱһ䣬˵ʲôɴ˿̣ʯѾݵСһƬ˲䣬㽫ϵʮǣֱնϡ
㣡
ʹһ룬У¶ľŭ
ûݵһۣɱ¾ɷ֮ǿңֱֲ
ĵ׶һ˿Ũɷ˵ԷñɷˡӴ˿̶ԷΪʶͼΪ
ÿͷ˵Էӵ߼Ϊᶨ֮Ϊǿ
ô뵽ϵĳƺоŭ֮ɫء
Ȼ֪ޣΪ
һʱûٶ˵ʲôǾȥڿоĿݡҲδͷеʯ飬˼֮У¶˾ȡ
ϻָжվ࣬һ
֪ΰɷ̧ͷһο˵
һ£漴һɱЦ㲻ҪҰɷɣߣҵǺ⣬ô
ϷŰ¶м
ݾһ֮ȴûκα仯ûлش𣬶ٶȿʯ飬¶˼
΢һ£䣬ɵ֮ɫŨĿɨȻ뿪֮⡣
ʯͷʺ֣·ĳֽƶûǧ壬ȴûвաñӡŷһ¡Ժ
֪ǧ壬츳ͨйأƺΪĽȻɷӰ죬ҲմȾɷȴǧ˳ɷŨղģǧҲķ˴Ĺ򡣵ַڵɷЧϾڵɷҶԼɱ˶顭ڵɷҲŨ̫ࡣ
ݵ侲ķ
ϱɷ㣬ҲסȻ֮ݾһӡǡӡƽزԣͷһʱ򣬲ܶԶܹ׽ɱɷ壬ͷʶȫϱһ˿ӡǣҲ
һ㶣ǵһҲûʲôá
ݵ˵ͷûٶ˵̧ͷ˿
ʱ΢΢һ¶֮ɫĿݣ㣬Ǹݣ
ݵ˵ͷ۾ȴ˲ͨ˵Ǿŵ֮ϵͨҲƻˣ
ǵġٶȵͷ
ʱ΢΢һ٣пᣬЦܺãܺáŰɣڵġ
Ļ⡣΢΢ü֮Ӧòᡣ
ߣһȴûʲô취
ֻݵ⣬ҲиҪ㡣
һδ˵ֻǿݡ
Щ壬ôˣƽѯʡ
ʱ΢΢һ漴ȴЦߵϺģӦѾ߹˰ɣʲô
ǵģ˵Щ걻ͨˡҲšݱȻƽſ۾ţһֻش𡣡
ʱЦ˳޵ĶݣζΪһ˵
ݳĬһ£漴̾Ҿ֪㲻ᣬԡֻԼȡˡ
أݵ֣Ȼſ


1148 Ŀ־壡
ɫдŨѪɫĹ⻪֮ʣ˲Ϣɢֱȥ
ǿȫû뵽˵־Ͷ֣жʱ¶ŭ֮ɫ˵ʲô⻪Ȼ̼䳯ѹ

ŭӣһŭ𣬻ɫ⻪Ȼ䣬ͬʱǣϯǧƥſֲ
Уһճĸоɫδȴоһ˿Ͱ֮С
֮е˼ɺ˫Ŀ΢漴һһɾ֮Ȼһ˿Ͱ֮У˲ɢ
ͬʱһ磬ա
ţȻһԼеһ־޴Σ
Ժвɻݸղŵɺ˫ĿҲ룬Ϻڹ⣬һĻԼ
ɫĻ͵һ˲ݳڵգ۾˿ȭͷ֮ϸŽϹ⻪Ѫ֮Ȼ˺ɫĻ֮ϡ
˲䣬ֻǡһ죬ǹĻһƬѡ
ⲻܣû𾪵ۿҪɳޱȼ񣬴ޱȾ̡
˿ᣬһȭòͣ٣һȭͬλá
ž
һ죬ɫĻ˲顣ͬʱǽѪ֮⣬˿ϡ
飡
˵һɿֲѾ˲ϡ޴Բһ壬һ˲䰼ȥͬһڵȻ׹䣡
䣡
ͬѣӴ壬˲˵֮ϣʱ޴Ļضһ޴ĿӶعѡ
ֲȻϯȥ֮ڵĽͳͳ̮
ͣڿУĿ⳯·ȥĬɢС
ƬƬɫѪԿԭ趯ĴǣȫͬʧȥʴڵϣڵϻУγһĿӵƶɵأγһ
۾Ѫ˿Ųţ״̧ͷſеݣǵУǸֳ־塣
㣬㲻̥ⲻܣϲޱԴ̥֮ΪΣΪΡӯſ־塣
֮ǰǾ֪Ϊף򣬲ܴݻһʯšϾÿһʯţ̥ʥػš
ǻʯţ˵ǿ
ǿ󣬿ʵҲ̫η塭̥ҲǿġǿĺСģżĲࡣ
صЩ̥ԣǿҲаտսʤ֮УݣӦþǿ̥
ʵڸղſݵʱȻɵȴҲôɵһֱΪԼȶԷҲĶȥ˵սʤ֮ԼߣԷסġ
ڡòϡ
ˣ
ҴļΪף
ݲǿǿĳ
ȭֻȭԼķشԼ
⣬ôܣϣûбԴ֮ڣΪΣΪΡ
ĺϣݵǿս𾪵Ĳ֪ԡ
֪˿ֲôôʩʩȻ٣һʱ䣬һЩֲư
Ҫ֪ǧʵս̫ǿǿĵطڽƣ
㹻ʱ䣬ܹסһԴǿߵǿơ
񡭡ûʱ䡣
һʱסԲ۾Ժз
ǵģԼĺ󱲱ͨݻ֮£Ժģ룡
ݲδʲôʱȥϸ˼Щһ֮ȭͷٶǿύ֯ѪĽѪ֮ɫĹâٶ˸ȭͷ֮ϣȻ˸ʧʡ
һ£ʱֵĸ˳ҿ㽫ϵɷ룬ֻҪ뿪
ˡ
ܵ˺ɱܵ־壡
Ļصһ˲ݣǰ׵λáȭͷɢÿѹиоһȭҪǺԼϣȡԼ
ݵüͷ΢΢Ѫ˫ĿУһ˿˼ƺڿǷҪһȭ
֣æڵ㲻֪Щ徿ô𣿣ҿԸ㣬ֻҪŵº뿪
ȭ˿еĽбȴֲòѡ
٣ǵڶȭʱʧȥжӴһżֻһҲܶĶǰ׵ݡ
ݵκȽͬϡϵƣȴȻ෴·ݲǴ󣬶ϡ
Ƭ֮ƽ𣺡ҲҪҰɷֻ֪Щ壬ô¡
Į֮ȴ̲סһ·ܹܵƽģԼĸ֪
ֻУԼͬһֻϣֻϲŭ
ָܣǿδйġбһ̣ڿеȭͷ֮һֱȴұֳŵһش֮뿪
ݵüͷ΢΢һ£ΧĿ·𶼰һüȻ̡Ϣݣͬһֲɱ񡣷·ʬɽѪ
Ƭ֮ݵ𣺡ԡ
ͷʱһЩ̫ģ㣬֤سŵ
üͷʱٶһ壬ɺǿƬ̺ƽѡŻ߲šţ֪˵šҴ֪꣬ͬҪġ̫ʱⲢҲѡԣѡ㡣
ƽ˼£⻰ڿȴͬеᵽһߣһִ֮־塣ƽȴӯűɷţȴվûܾ
ǿߣϣֳܱǿߵȡգֻܲ˵
һ£Ŀ˿һ֮ȭͷڿиֶƽô˵˵ɡЩ壬ôˣ
Σվһҧʳ⣬˵ѾһЩ²⡭ãҲƭ㣬Щ壬ȷѾˡ
һ仰еɱ˲
˲ϵɷԺжʱɱ¾ӿԺ
ŵģִ
˻ãĿһǿֲɱ¾˲ͣ١Ϣдżȵη壬̧ͷݡ
ϲɷôɱǵģ˭Ϊڣֱ󣿡ٶһ⡣
ͷ΢⣬ȴʵ˹ؼľܾش𣬵Ѫƽһʯͷȴ˵ѣϲδ˵ѣǵ꣬ͨȡˡΨһ֪ͬǣ̣ǲתġǣЩѾȱʧ˶ǣֻסʶȥƻšʵϡ
˵ȴ˵ȥΪݵüͷֽΧĿٶ


1149 ۣ
˵ȥͣ٣ƽٶ
һڿˮǿоŵʵѾˡȱʧǺض꣬꣬ҽ黹ͬʶȱʧͬʬ⡣ңʱ䣬Ҳ̫пܲŹͻɢ
ȥĶޱѯʡ
⡭Ŀиֳɡ
Ŀɱһ֣ʱֲɷſϯ
˵˵Ժ˲оԼҪɱ¾ʧȥңæ󺰡
Ҳϣ´Ρݱϻصæᣬᡭ
Ժкʱɢǿֲɱ¾Ҳ̼ȥĿеľʢǰɷƿѾԽӦ֣ƾɷԽѹģ
һ£ҧǣѾˡ
ɣѯʡ
ٶȳһ˲Ҳֻһ˲֮ҧһλۡ
ۣ˵üͷʱһһ
ҧһλ༶˵ڡ羳Ĵۡ
ݵĺȻΪֹһ١
羳
ۣ
Ⱥл羳ۣ
ݣҲȻáſѪ˫Ŀ·Ҫġ
ľ壬ҧһλ羳ۡ
ݵһͷ
羳ʲô
ѾԴĴڣֻһɿٳԼĿֲڣ
ϹʱڣҲǾ۷
ȺȻһ
ȻֻƬ֮Ŀһƭҡ
ţһ㶡
ݽĶѪ˫Ŀ水˵л۵ĴڣʲôԼ겻ƣʯţͨҲܵκ谭л۴ڣ֮սܳڣ
羳ʲô
ڵսǿİɣֱ̥ɱԱԴҲ΢ֿһ¡Ի羳˵ĻᶼӵС
Ϲľڻ羳ǰûаã¶Ȼˣ¶Ҫ˲䱳ѡѪ̥񼼣ԱԴҪ׽⣬Ī˵ǻ羳ܡ
Ϻ
һ룬ݶɱڵ塣һͷ羳壬ɺɨȺ
ϾȺûл缶Ĵڡ
ûƭ㣡ܵΧĿٶɫʱһ䣬æУ
νҵʣһƬ䡣
⡭Ŀٶ¶˳ɣԥƺǸò˵
һΣݲδɷȣֻĿ
̧ͷ˿ݣãվһҧΪڡ״̬
ˣݵĿһ
ȻѾ˵ˣҲپᣬҧʯŵУһΪΪĳЩԭһ䣬صУ˲л塭Ϊ۷塣
۷壿üͷһ뵽ʲôĿһ¶⣺ЩĶǡˣ
ǡҧ˵
һ꣬ÿ֮ϵͨϣӦǳ󡭡Ҳͼıİɣʡ
Զʱ𾪵̧ͷݣ㣬ô֪
ͨӦǳ֮£֮⣬ֻм޵ļʥ֪ѡݡ
ɣҲһЩ֮ƽ˵
ʱͣ˫۵У彻ӣ޹⻪ת
˵˵ɣΪΪΣƽڡ
ĬãӦѾ²˰ɣ
ݳĬãŭħ
ٶȿݣеļɵվ˵ͷ
ΪΣʡ
һΣȴҡҡͷҲλ۶ѣôģԵɣδϸ˵Ҳ֪
ݵĿʱ΢΢˸ޱĳĬĿſȴ˼ŶԷеʵԡ
Ƭ֮˴µжϡ
Էԣ߲㣬ġ
ٵĲ֡
뵽ĿзɫſѾһλᣬٸһΡǣıŭħڵʲô
ʱһ䣬еֲҲδƭ㣬йһ㣬Ĳ֪
֪ɫԽԽʢΪһţΪƻؼ㣬󷨽ƶҪɣͨҪλνĻۻ㣿
ûУûֱ棬в֮ԽŨҡ
źұ㣬ĻشҺܲ̾һû˵ʲôȭ֮ϣѪ⻪Ȼ
Ӧҵģ𡭡ɫȻ䣬ой˲Ϻɫ⻪ȻһΣ֮ǰҪǿҵĶࡣ
ݵΣһ㱣Ȼʧ֮䡣ٳ֣Ѿٿ֮ǰ
ֱɴĴ롣
ȭױȵĿֲ֮ȻſԴȥ
ıȻޱȿ־壬Ȼ־ֻһ˲֮·ȻʲôȻɴ۾
㣬˴㣡㣬Źң
ͷȻȻӦģһȭ
䣡
ֲȭͷ֮籡һȭû֣ϵĺڹ⣬˲飬ƬƬâ壬ͬڵһ㣬Ȼ˳ȥ

һȭӣɫѪҺ̼仯ɫѪ꣬ء
࣡ݣ㲻úΪ𣿣ƻ˾ʯ׹Ǵ۲ŹģɱѪ׹Ǵһأһͻȥ㣡ӲӲ
ֲſǿĿǰûκһ˿֮˲˴壬֪ԼѾڽӡ
һ̣һɷŭޱȵԹڼһ̣þԼеݣ˾ŭ
ŭ죬ױȵԹޣӯء
ֱʣݻٳƬػصš
Ķſʧ֮أޱ顣
׹Ǵۡૣ³һ
˴˿̣Ѿȷԣֻġһ缶Ĵۡ
ϵݲͷȴվ
ˣ˵ǧѪҺɽϽǰɣݺʲôͻȻһ֣ʱһźɫѪҺӵڶ𣬻ľۼǰγһƬɫҺ塣
ݶѪҺпǧ岻רΪƶ壬ѪҺеĽ֮ҲǷͬСɡ
˵ֱ꣬һ֣ѪҺϵϡϻʩΪ
ѪҺ֮ļȻһƬɫ⻪˸𣬲ʱͷһɫʯ顣
һ֮˹
оôϡ
һ֮󣬳һͨĸӦѾȫʧˡ


1150 ݻͨ
Ե˵ͷ¿ȴǵͷ·
·һƬǽ壬֮ǰɱ䣬ƻһ֮֡ļսǽƻһ޴Ĺ֣ͬ޴˺ۣ·֮ϡ
ݴ˿̲ûĿ⣬һߵԶĿͣľɵ࡭Ҳг
Щ壬ݵͷЩءǣ߶ǣֻһ֪Щͬ˵һȻкʵ򡭡Ѿˡ
½ͨڵ黹ǣȻ˿ʶҼʱڣһ꣬ɢ
ϾЩ壬ͨˡҪﵽ죬пܲлǴҲʧȥһм䣬ֻʣµıܡʲôأ
ݵĬãŤͷ˲򡭡ǱߣսڼֲĲҲϡӦ
ϣԶһЩݺŤͷ˵
һ£ҲΪʲô΢֮ת롣ֱ뿪ǧ֮ңݲŤͷµͨ
󷨵ĺĴڡ֤ûǧԴλãѾ˾Ҳһˡ
һ䣬һƬѪཻĹ⻪Ȼ
ҵҪ֮ͨ󣬻ʲô仯
뵽ٲɣһ̧Ȼºȥ
Ѫ֣֮Ȼûһ޴Ѫ֮ȭȻ䣬ͨϣ
䣡
ͨܵôһһ˿ֿ֮ûУ˲

ɫʯ飬ɽȥܡ
ͨѵһ˲䣬ڹ⣬ܼͬȳһ׷벻ԶĿڱ֮СЩľɵ࣬ʱʹŤһͬ׷׿°ĭ۷ۡƬ̣ѹѹȫ£³һ
䣡
Щ˲䣬Ȼһɿֲɷǵʬ֮ϣϾɷ춯أϿյƬأһ̣ȻʧɫһƬѪɫ
ɷ
Դһ˲漴ͻȻ˹
ЩѾˣϵɷδ壬Ǳͨסˡͨһ٣ɷ˲ӿͨĽ֮£֮ϡ
ͷ֮ʣ̧ͷ졭
ŨɷȻƲ㶼ȫɢȻڴ¶Ǻӡ
Ǻɷ£Ѫɫһðɫǳһʺ̵ѪҺ
ţУһγɣļȻȻһ·ǿǳգ֮⡣ǹ֮⣬·ܵĳǣȻ£͸ɷֱָƺƴ󣬿ֲ֮
΢䣬Ҳ룬Ȼˣ̼䣬Ѿ˳ǧ֮⡣ǳ֮⣬ҲȻϡ
ǹ⣬һ㣬ΪʵݿУǹ㣬ͨߵһλã
˿̣ͨѾʧԵǹλ֮΢΢ͣһ£ʵµǹ⣬Ȼɢֻ˲䣬ɢ
֮ϣһ޴ĿӶֳ
Ҳˣŵ֮ϵĿӶôˡ
ݲ֪ǹûкǹ⼴һ˲ϽѪâһγϣڵڣûܵһ˿
˿̣Աߵϣȴ͵ƺһ
Ťͷȥȴֻһʹ;㵵飬Ѫɫǹ⵱У΢΢
ôˣüͷһæڣһţҪϵסǹ⡣
ҪȻϵģȴǿڽסݡһ㶣üͷ΢壬һ£ûж֣ϼٵĵңҸоҵѪҪһˡ
һѣ
Դһ˲ţĿһԶȥ
ϣвٵ塭˿̣Ŀ壬ǹҡ֮ȫ¶˺ϲ飬Ȼǣ·ҲҪһˡ
ݶʱһ¶˺Ȼ
ǹ⣬壬ΧĽһѪ
⡭
һ㣬һ㡭⣬⡭
֮УϵŤͷһȴЩȻʧģ㶵ĿԶǹ⴫֮ء
ǹ⣬ֻһ˲ɢȥǿеɷ·Ҳɢ١æ̧ͷÿԭ̫һǳһ̣Ҳȥǳ֮⣬ʧ
ط·˲ָƽ
֮󣬿ϣĿЩʵˣ
ϴһ²Żع񣬶ҡҡͷûС
ԣһʱɨʱ壬һƿڴȻʧӡǣûгɹ
ֻǴһ֮󣬱ͻȻ˹
ţΪͨѾˡȱʧǿ֮һӵ㣬û취ɣ򡭡
뵽ݵУӿֳ˼ֽҡ
ǹ˵̫ˣһ룬嶼ͨõ£ɿǹϴ񡭡ûǿᵽʲô̶ȣ
˵ݲȷǹǷ̥ϵЧ٣Ե򾳼壬Чģ
Ҳ˵壬ָ̥ܳս

󣬵ȴ³ʲô
нҵţһ֮ȴԣҲô򵥡ӦҪʮĶӦǳǳ֮⣬ŻԴԴԵҲܴﵽЧĻѾˡȻ²ȫԴӸٷһЩֲ󷨵ʧţӦû
ݲ֪Ĳ²⣬Ѿʮֽӽࡣ
󷨣û취ġ¿ˣͨãҲǳ֮µƬ֮ͱֻʮȫһߣγһѭ֮󣬲ܿ󷨣ʹǹⲻҲͨͬʱҲֻǸʱǹ֮Ż̥ϵЧֻǸʱ򣬲ſͨǹ֮ŭħõҪõĶ
ڣһжѾƻʮ죬ʱͨȫݻ١ЩȫɢȺд࣬Ѿ㹻֧һؽ󷨡
ǹȫɢʱݲ֪ھ̫ңԶĺĳһֲĴڣѡ
֮ĺףû˿ߣڻУĺǣڴ˵ء
ԼĪ˸ңȴͨ嶼ǹѪɫɢаϢߣĲл꣬·ԩ꣬߿޺˻ţļ¡
Դȱʧ˴룬ֻһնۿһ̣΢Ĺ⻪
Ѫɫ·̺һ磬ز֣²ԡȴзڵ


1151 ʤ
ǰһѪɫȦȦл桭ǻ棬ʾϵݡ
ĿеѪ΢΢˸ţá
࡭
һ΢ȴɣص·Խ˺³ӣٶ϶ء
նۿеѪɫһ̶л編򣬷·ӿٵת
ٿһѪɫȦеݣѪɫȦڵĻãʱȴֳһƬĩվ󡭡Ǵ˿̵Ĳ
ĿŲɱȴǳĬ

ڵһĻû֪ڴݻͨƶϳһЩ֮һûٶ룬Ťͷ򡭡֪սڼ
֮Ťͷϣƽһδģ
ƾšԣ
ݵüͷ΢һ£֮ҡͷսڼɡȴ˼֮˵
ǡϹ
Ҳٶ˵ʲôԱСԴսҪˡ
ݵɷѾŨ˼£֮ǰɱϵɷһ֡ûбҪȷǲٴɱ䡣Сõġ
ϾҲòٴɱ¾ˡ
Сԣ֮ģȡЦЦڵ߰ɡ
˵꣬һ̤աСҲæȥ
ңо·Ϣ
;УȡһЩ飬Сʳʱ֮Զģͬĩһľ£ݵǰ
С𣬳Ͽգս֮֮ңݵĿȴѾԿС
Ŀɱ֡
·ܵеɱ⣬ԱߵСҲ˦˦Դͷһͳ
ߣ
أݣһΣա

յķսսҲѾһģʽͨ壬˿ˣֻеϵ˫սڷɱ
ֻǲԵȫࡣЩ࣬ϻٶƣвˣѾзϡ˫Ŀͨ죬ĶŸ߿գŶ桭£ɱ硣
ңԶĺ֮ϣܼ壬ϵңңţҲٶƣ粻ͬǵϣֳ˼ãȻ·⡣
ĽսҲѾһΣһΣֻɱ޵ɱƨ
ڽ֮ǰ뷨һȻɽ£ɱ⡭
ǲòϣǴˡңס
һεĶ֣ļͣԳˮǣЩ壬ó˺ηľֶˣýߣˣҧԴˣǶҪþһԱǸڴʲôսǴսһ̣ľͲǴӮǣǣȻȡʤǣͬھ˼
ǣƴ
忴ϣھУܱκ˶޷ġ
֮ȺˡǴӲΪԼη壬Ǵʯŵ֮߳ЯǱӡصŭޣˡ
˿̣η塣
ȥռƵ壬Ȼ൱ġһ㣬Ļš
Һã嵱޿ڣ֮ǰ˿ֻΧ巽棬ƺҲ´ͬǣϳŹֵһ档
֮ϣֲͣը죬Ǻصڽţ磬꣬ХƵ
·ĺȴָ˺ƽңңȴûս
ˮȻѪˮ֫Ưں֮ϣ飬ͷƤ顣һ̣廹壬û˼ȥѾȥˡǶ̧ͷŸ߿֮ϵս
֪ʤսڸ߿֮ϣ
ǵģʤ
ԣһܣֻǴܣȻ߿ϵսˣҲߣ뿪Ȩϡ
࣬ûѡһʧܣҲ֪ӭǵĻʲôǲԴУԼڣȻŸ߰ƣȴһ̵
壬ʤ࣬ȴ
߿յսȺǷ
ÿһκÿһġսʱʤ֮䡣
ȺУΪĵطܿϣŲ԰ף̧ͷŵĶŸ߿ա࣬һ԰׵顣
ܿΪ̫֮ͣǰսֲϳ飬ѾϹսңԼһ
쾳磬սһ֮𡣵սϡ죬죬ûκ𡭡ڻҡ
ڣ棬һսУҲֻһͷСá
Ҫ֮õ֮µһ߷Ҫ䡣
ʦǣһʤô
̲ܿס߿ڡȴ˿˿
Ầ¡ȻǰսΪļʱʱֻԶԶĿ壬ȴûӴ֮ȻְأҲϮ¼ΪΪԭֲϳ
һΣȴе˵һߡĿֲľɱǿֲɱ¾ûɱˣɱˣǰսᲢۣ
ǽս֮ǽۿһУȻһ߾߲Ʋʬ塣ˣҲѾ׼ҪͶ뵽ȥ
֪ԼӣҲӲˡѾ׼
ҪһڵֻҲѾ֫еһ֡
ڣΣԶԶûнΪ֪ʲôʱǻսǸʱ򡭡
ȴĥܻҲȥˣϣƽʦܹһЩο
ȻĻȴĬ뷢԰׵˿Ե÷ϡ촽ûѪɫ̧ͷŸ߿գܿû£֮ȴ˵
⼸գ̥ĴԱ˱ֻʣһΪĵĶԻȴʵû취ֹΪǿҪ࣡
̥Ǿһʤľĳ̶ֳ˵ȱԴҪҪ
ϾĴԴǿߣ໥ǣšʱ򣬱ȵľ̥սһһһ̥ɱ¾һˣôսҲͽˡ
鳤̾૵ϣ
δأļȻһը죬˶ȫæ̧ͷȥңԶ֮ϣһӰӸ߿׹¡
࣡
󷽣һӴ壬Ȼ׷ſ֮Ҫ֮նɱ
棡˾˳һ̶ɴ۾ᵽؿ֮ϡ
Ҫ
Ǿ̥սһһʾϣһ


1152 
ྪŵĿ⵱УңԶ֮ϣη׹Ķ֣һͷ壬Ƿ׷Ѫ˫ͫУſɱ
ɶ񣡡
Ҫ룬Ƽأ壬Ѻ۴©֮ѾҪ飬Ǳ츳ͨУѾʧȥж
ɫ˿߲ȫÿӿǺɫ˿߾ʹݳһ֮Уȡһա
ٺ٣࣬ȥ
ϿգһŹֵһͷѪɫľ޴֩롭Ѫ壡
Ѫ츳ͨǡ˿˿ռΪӴﵽһٽ֮˿ᱻյűƳѡ
˿ű֮ǰȴû취һУʱڣֻ⡣
̥ǿߵսεȿ٣գۼ䶼ԹɱǧΣսͻȻ޷ǺεΣ֮£
Ѫ弤ս˺üˣ֮ǰһֱѹѪ򣬵ǸղһȴǱѪ岼õġ˿ˡȻֻһ˿ȴѾ㹻
ǣšͷ̾ϢǰſڣԴһҧѪ壬ı۾
ı𣬾䣬Ҳܹķȴֻǵ򾳡
ֻʣһ߷Ҫ³Ϊ̥Ѿǧˡ
Ժ˼ǧѪѾǰһҧȥ
Ҫ

࣬һĻȫ˳߿֮ϣ̥ǿߣҲһĻǽҲܳ·壬ҲһĻľЩ壬ȴѿ˴졣
Ե
Ѫʥģ
ɱ棡Թǣ
ǴСС
ĿУѪĿѾҧԴϣֻҪ΢Դʱ롭
壬̵ı˫ۡ࣬һԱ
ˣ
˶ΪֽһԱ󽫵ʱһ֮ͻȻţһɿֲĲƾճ֡
ˣȻŴͣ㵵Ŀ̫ա
һƬâͻȻѪ֮䣬ûȴҿʲô£һɫӰӣȻâ˸гȻϮѪ塣
Ѫû뵽ȱ仯Ȼ״̬УһӰӣѾ֮ϡ
䣡
һը죬Ѫ壬ͬһ㣬˳ȥ

춯صĲҽУ·֮е飬˾㵵Ŀ⵱УѪ嵹˳ȥ壬ڿпʼ壬һƺڹ⣬ѣѪӿ·ĳڶĽű
ĲҽУѪӴɳ˽ɢǵ˽֮ʱ壬Ѿȫʧˡ
ǽһ֮У̥Ѫʥ棬壬ֱӱ飡
˶һǽӲתͷâĵطǵɴ۾¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ĶһɫСڰգúצԼĶ䡭

˶ˡ
أһ̶Ϊ֮ʧȫɵĿɫС

˶סˣҲһСֵˣ֮һ˲Ĵ㶡ȻţȻɴ۾һ֣ǵԺС
ͬʱСԱߣһƬââ˸УѿһӰյУ˳
Ӱֵһ˲䣬˶һһɿ񱩵µɱ¾һ̣ȻǵڡУ߳ģһӰһѪӣһʬɽ
ֲɱӯأϯ˷
⣬ǡ
Ӱ߳һ˲֮ܿ飬ȴͬʱһŵһۣ˱˴е𾪡
ޣ޸ˣ
һͻȻ൱кȻը졣Ťͷһȴһɫ԰׵Ůӡ
ŮӣΪ졣Χȴ֪ʵһ桪棡
֮˶ع󣬶ǿгֵģ˭
ݣ½мУٶ֮ˣ֮ǰᵽģ壬ϣ
ô
˶ˣĿ¶˿ȡǿǿֲѪȣͬһɽѹ˵ͷ
е֪࣬ѪȣӺζ
ϣմȾ˲֪֮Ѫ
壬һ̣·޷
ǡѪֲ̫ˣֲ̫ˣɱˣ
壡Ѫȣ̫ˣ̫ˣҷ·𿴵˵ԩ߲ƣ
࣡࣡
սˣ֮ǰɱǶսһ̣սˡſֲԼѪζ࣬Ƿĵս
ɱ̫̫࣬γɵɷ˶ҪɡɷԣֲԣȴӿֲΪѪȣɷȫ˵Ѫ
ǣܹӦĵǲߵɷУŨµıˡѪıˣ
ɷ鱻ɱ֮ȻȻһַ򡣵ͬʱҲǸԹתġ
Ϊɷ壬ᾪ˵ɱ¾ʵԹŭ
Թ죬Ϊɷ֡һֱɱûǵ飬ģǡɱǡɷ
ɱ͡ɷǽȻֶͬ
ͨÿɱܲһЩɱϾûǣԹޣȻɷ
ɱɱ֮һáɱĶˣҲϰˣΪȻȻһ֡ɱڡ仯
ɷһԹ֮תһֱܱԸΣĻ̣飿ⶼνΪɷҪϣۻ㹻࣬Թתɱ¾ֳɱ¾ɾɷꡣ
ߣƣʵȴ
֮ǰͲֹһͷ壬ϸܵһԴѪıΪϵɷɱõԹƶֻͬѪԸӦ
˶ԣѪ֮
񣬿ǵӰЯȿֲѪζսϢڰС
һɱѪĽɫСֺõĳҡҡβ͡
ˣ໹ע֮£ݣĿһ·ɫСԴ̧ͷһۣȴǳŸ߸ߵʿȥ
ȥ
ĮݿдǣɫС˳ȥ
һ磬ֱӣһսսţ˹ȥ
е壬һ̣Ȼɫ䣡


1153 ޼֮
С𣬿ܹսĲĴڡ˿ûбɡɫС𡱣սҲǷͬСɡԸֱ̥ѹ
ֻһСѾսŵУ̥ǿ¶Ȼ֮ɫʱСѾһצץ˹ȥ
ռ飬¶ɫޣֲ޴ӵֵ˺¡

巢һУӴ߲뵸ߣҪܡ
Сһצȴ·ط򣬶޿ɶ㣬޿ɱܡ
˺
һϸ΢ļ˺ҲΪ֮ͣ٣漴壬һΪѪ
һͷ̥ʥ棬ʹ䣡
ã
·һֱעͻȻֵǽɫС࣬һĻһţȻ˳
Ǳ鼤ܣƶյգһ̣Ȼȡ
ǣϣ

Ȼ෴ģ塣һĻ·嶼ɵˣɴ۾Լ
ǿ̥ʥ氡˵ҲսȻȻôɵľˣ⣬ôܣ
嶼ɴ۾ģĿһ֮һֱĬֻǾڿеӰϡһ̣һΣɽѹͷ
ǣһβһսǽʧܸˡ
࣡
ߵ֮ϣ罭Զսľ壬һ̣𺳾¡¡һ֮£ܱгֵѣһ˲ͣ١
ݳֵ˲䣬Ѿˡǿֲִһ˿˵ɷѾ˭ˡ
ݣȥ
ٶȷһһ⣬ֱ·ݡ
һ֣һɹŹֵ̼أǰ飬ǰɢͬصУֱӳѹƶȥ
⣬ɶ㣬ɱܣֻܳܣ
·һַֻ˲䣬ͷôһ˿
Դ֮
磬תۼ䣬ѾͷҪ¡ݵȴûκα仯ѪɫĮĶ⡭Դ֮ѾʶǾܻᱻѹֻһη塣
ߣ㵱ĳ˲ɣ
Ȼ͵⼴ϵһ̣һ׹⣬ȴճ֣̼䣬ײһ
ʱϢ֮䣬һ޿ռ䣬ײ֮һɿֲֻƬ֮ϢɢգȴһʱûлָձԵ׶ɫâƣ·谭صĻָ֮
һ߿աֵģ弤սķ罭Զɫͫ۾׹ҫ£Ʋ
˿̣ȴ¶ظЦݣݵ˵ͷ
ݵĳ֣࣬⣡
࣡
̴ŭ˲ɫâȻܡ罭ԶҲǺη壬Ŀа׹ʢԴ֮ٶȲƣռ䣬谭򣬽˵ߣٶȥֻһԸ߿մ¡
ݾһ֮󣬲û߿յսһ֮һһѪ֮⣬һսȥ
ݵĵսĽ࣬һ˲ӿˡС̥ѹĴڡЩ̥ʱսǸˡ
޸ˣ޸ˣ޸ˣ
֪ʲôʱԷĴȣգĺݵĳνƣһʱ䣬׳˼¡
һ嶼ãȻǵԶԶ࣬һ̣ȫ̧ͷգã
һ̥Сݼս֮󣬷׷䣡
ֻգۼ䣬Ѿͷ̥ʥ棬С̥Сݲδɱˣϵɷվ̫Ũң֪ʲôʱƽһɷͿܳΪѹյһݡԣ֣һ㶼ֱѹ̥壬ȻԱߵ̥ǿ߳֡
࣡ݣ壬Źģ
ţʥ棬Ӵ壬һ̣Ѫ֮ɫľѹţѺۡ
һֲâ͸գֱָѾ޷ܡ
ڽâһ̣Թ
ৣ
âĲӣ޴ŤͷŨԹ벻ʣӿеȥ
ֵܣżƣ֮ɫʯγݵԣݣзŹ⣬ż
ʯˡ΢΢˵ͷƽƣս֮İɡ
ãʯЦ˵ͷ˷ɢŲͬսţٶȥ
սһ浹ƣݺСսţ˲Ծʤѳ̥֮£ȥսȭ˳֮£壬Ѿ˲֧֮ơ
ݣ
ڿУǰһսšͻȻһΣݵͷɫʱһ䣬ŤͷһȴֻһɫҺ壬ͬһ㣬ԽգʱѾ֮ǰ
ɫʱ䣬κȻˣһաǺɫҺļ֮ءݳªµĹŶʥ棡
ȥ˼£Χ˺۴ԭɼˣ˿Ҳֳһ˿Ұ֮ɫǺɫҺ壬츳ͨ
޼֮
޼ֲ֮֮˵ڱԴԴ룬д˶֮󣬶ҪŰǲݲܽⶾС̥ǣֻϹľҪûκã
ܱУ
кͱԴ̫ѹȴá
εգٳ֣Ѿǧ֮⡣
Ȼȴĸо޼֮ƹ֮ͬգ׷ˣ
ûõģҵ޼֮һʩչĿ꣬ǲɢġ࣬ݡɱôͬ壬ȥǱˣзİɣ֮ɷɢתƵϣӽأ֮һգķҲΪ𣡡
ŶʥдޱԹһ̻صء
޸ˣ
ֵܣ
⻰һʱ֡
޼֮ǿ붼޷ֻѹĿֲҺ⡭
ԶݱҲüѿ˹Ŷʥ濴һۣһﲻһ磬ٶȶգʧС
޼֮Ҳһ̣գ׷ȥ
⡭
·඼ˣһɴ۾١
뿪Сȴδ뿪Сڣ֮ǰȡõƣս֣ѾƵģƫ࡭
ңԶǰ֮أĿл編˸ݡ֮һɣ̾д
ļȻһ⣬ֱӶա
ź֣ĿеĻ編򣬶ʱȥһĨѪɫٶȻϨ
ѪɫȦɫ仯ֳģݡ
ͬʱڲģ߸ߵ֮ϡսݣֲıԴ֮ء
һײ֮΢΢ϢסؿڣĿУһ˿ڹ⡭޼֮඾Ϊ֮£Щ̧ͷˡ
ҪսپĿ¶֮ɫֳһĨ죬ȼա
͵׼ٶȽļȻߵѿһâ˹
һ㶣ţɫ䣬ûһ˿Ѫɫ
֮


1154 翹
âԽգ̫ͻأ˵룬뼤սһ̶΢΢һ㶣Щûع
âſֲܣȴճֱȥأһ̣ʱ·ͣɴ˵۾У־塣

˻źлȻ񱩣ǿֲĻ֮Դ·Ҫضաһâǰĵֿ̫
һâЯſֲķ֮·ȳȹ룬ô룬ñСͬصãá
־Ŀ⵱Уâһûڡɫûһ˿ѪɫȻۼ䣬壬
ţһɫߣںȻγһһ㣬̼䣬㽫˵ա۾һգʧȥϢ
һĻ仯̫ͻأĴƬ̣۾һۣ
УһɣϵߺȻصҴ˱
쳹֮󣬱ȻɢȻȴǴһ˲
˱뱻ܣȱʧһԴǿߣһ֮µʱôͻȻҪ˱
ԣźɫƤüͷ𣬻ּ佫ץУ֮ȴһΣֱӳŲԵȥ

âֵ뱻һУڼʱڱѾɡץ볯ŲԵ֮ȥģûκ˲
ʵϣ˿̲ǱԵͨ壬ڸ߿мս̥ǿߣ˵˼һǣšǾǶյݣΡ
޼֮ǺεȿֲͲض˵ˣ붼Ҫѹݺǰ֮ķڼʱﻯˮһеֿЧͬŶʥԣܹһ
ʯŭ֮£ֱӳŹŶʥȥҪ֮ɱ̥УԾݹϵãݸǰһ̲žת۾ͱŶʥ͵Ϯŭޱȣ
ŶʥҲǺη壬ŶһԳʼڲͣսɱ¾ƾ֪˶٣η壿һʱڸ߿֮ɱذվ飬߶ȫȥֻһȴ״
ˣСķУѾԽԽ󣬸߿֮ϣֱ̥罭Զսľʥȴ޲
˵صʱһĻһƬ̥Ѿֻʣͷڸż翹̥ǿߣ඼ץʱظֲɱԡ
һĻȴʧɫȫû뵽澹Ȼ
˵ǹ绹ڣдսܹܡϾǹ磬Իָƺν飬ǹ綼ҪáһΣҲǹŶʥĳ֪ǹĺڣƳǲŻ¶ģܹġ
ô£ǹѾƳˣȻռţ
ȻŭͻȻŭѾܣ࣬ǻҪ翹
ֲ֮Ȼըء
һʱ˵Ĺעȫ̧ͷ֮
ȻǿһͷӴ壬վ֮ϣɫƤװпֲϢƣӴޱȡϹʱڣ֮һġ塱˿̣޴ǰצ֮ϣһӰСĿһ֮ɫȴȻ䡣

⣬ôܣ
ʱһɫȻ䣬ļҪʡ
롭ǿ֮һȻץˣ
ôܣ
˵ģһ̣¡
տһϣһ̣Ȼ
̥Ϊⳡս۵ĹؼǰᣬǱԴ⣡
һ˵ҲӦû⡭ͬǱԴȻһǿǡãȺУԴǿߺԴǿߣսڲ֮ġһ㣬Ķν棬Ѿ˵⡣
ԣսһʼû˾ñԴʲô⣬˹עĽ㣬̥ϡϣһ̥ռ˾ƣôսʤһ
ʼռţݳ֣бռ˾ơ
ɾʱ򡭡˶ΪıԴǿߡˣ
ô
⣬ҪҲ𣿡
촽һƬ԰ףŻƣһ̣Ȼֹ
һ̷·̣˶̧ͷ죬ͷ
Դǿߣ̥嶼ѾɱˣֻҪԴֻһҲˡ
̥ԴĴڣѾ˺սľ޴ࡣεԾǨһԴɱ¾Ļ壬Ҫ¾һգ
෴ģ塣Щһ̣Ǿ
ããã࣬Ǹ
ʥЦʯصء඼ɫ䡣
ٺ٣࣬ˡ㣬ܣüʯսĹŶʥ棬Ҳ󳩣һʯսһȴǴЦ⣬Ц
ʯɫ԰ףȴҧأ˵ɱҲҪնڽ£
أٲԣֲâϯ˷
ߣҪûбˡŶʥһҲٶԣ׺ϣʯսһ
һΣĻ췦ˡ
УȻϢѾΪ΢ԡѪսˣļӾ磬һ̣ҲѾǿ֮ĩ
ڣտһϣͱǺ屾Դʥƣ
Ͼжɶ񣡺ò׿һϣԲԶһ̥ǿߣҧгݣʡɢ֮һС
Σ˼ҶһԴǺǣҲѾͬھ׼˲ôԴΣÿǺͱԴжࡣҲһѡֲԶһ̥ǿߣȴЦ˳ͬˣҲǿ֮ĩȴȻ΢Ц˵·벻СǲߣǴطŭħѰ֮ˡС
⻰̥Ҳһ£漴һҲЦ˳
˵ҲǣҲһкκµģﻹһħѪԪ𣬶Ҫˣ˷ѻ壬ҺˣͻȻЦ˵䣬ͻȻ׳ƿΧ̥ǿߡЩǿһ㶣˹ȥ
ȣ
һȺ̥ǿ߹ЦȻڸ߿պУԭͳƣȻ
ģ翹գۻͿˣ
һ֮󣬻ƿһף£Ȼ֮ϵЦ˳
ı˲仯ĿɱȻ񱩡
ȻˣǶȥɡ
أֲԴ֮ȻأȻɫ䡭


1155 ָ
ĳ𺳵ƽأ඼ʱȴһ˲żڱƣ·ҪɱȴȻݡ
ߣҵû뵽㻹ͦ򶨵ġ
һ߻֮ȴǾʥ棬ʯɵ֮ϣ˿Ȼͣż
ˣһԴ罭Զ
罭Զɫͫתʥ棬תһ£ȴĽ྿ʲôط
Ϊǿװ򶨣
罭Զƽݣ·˿û֮ܵµӰ죬һĽǡ
ѵǣʥȻ
Ǻǡ
ȻӦʥģȴǸɱĺǺһЦЦУȴŨŨĳŪ֮顣ֻþʥʱһȴŭǺʲô
ǺǾͺǺǣ㻹ܵң罭ԶȴʲôٶȺǺһЦȴƲ졣
㣡ʥʱŭȻ񱩣ҧгݵУҿ򶨵ʲôʱ򡭡Խ𣬽׶֮أ㣬ҲȻҵ£
Ǻǡ
ӦģǵĺǺһЦ
ɶ񣡣ʥʱŭȻ
֪ΪΡ򵥵ĺǺǶ֣Ȼһ˵ͷŭ𣬳ɱ޷ơ
ϵһĻ·֪˵Ŀ⣬ȥϵıԴ֮Ȼ֮˵඼
ǱԴǿߣ̥ǿҪǿ̫࣬뱻ܣ֪罭Զֱʥס޷£˭ֹܹ
񱩵ıԴ֮أһ̣ûٿơ֮ǰ˫ƣߵȽս˼Էͨˣ¶ԷҲſȥ¾ͨˡһ˫ʧἫڴ֮˫Ĭֻ֣ͨͣиսսʤ
һ̣Գռƣﻹƣ
һʩչֲıԴ֮ڼľ֮ڣǺȻ˲Ϣ֮䣬֮ϵ࣬ҲȫܵͬĿֲʱֻ֮Щͨ壬ѹȫ³Ѫ
ܿ飬⣬ֻȫʧȡ֮ģֻпֲǰǷ·ϣֻһѹʱǷѪ䡣
˵˸ȥѹˣ¾ʯţǿ߿ԲݣҲЧһԸϷڵأҲɱ򡭡ձȲ壬֮ʱ
䵽£ǿֲѹ˲ٽÿһͷһ̣֣֮ӿЩģǵֻһ֮䣡
Ϊ֮ʧ࣬Σʱ̡

Ʊһ˲䣬ǧ֮ݣܵˡѪ΢΢һŤͷһ۲
ԴֶһԴϢ
뽻ֹΪϤһ̣ıԴȻ롣
üͷ΢ţŤͷ󡭡յУһƺɫҺ壬ͬƹ֮һ㣬׷
޼֮ҲŶʥԡ˶һĿ꣬㲻ط
Ҫ취˶ң˺̫󣬲Ӳʲô취أ
ɫԽԽ޼֮һ̤ٶȶա޼֮ҲȻգֱ׷ϡ
ǧ⣬ٶȳ֣ʶУ޼֮Ҳٶ׷ˡ
ԺͷԼܹĶ
һֵģȻʶĪļ춦ͷֻǸ֣㱻̫أԵĿֲɷδ֪仯ԼսӦԴı֮ǰûǲҪʲôĺá
ΣǷͬͷֵ˲ͱ޼֮ӵпռ֮ģһ÷ķӡʲôôǿɵǿ޶ûˡռڷӡЩֲ壬һ𣬾㹻һġ
ȻϹľ
뷨ͬҲ
ϹľѾȷǱԴ֮١һݣ޷ȫ򡭡ͬӵбԴ֮Ȼ޼֮Ҫǲݲܽ˶˵ԴǺѵֿġ
ôΨһѡľǡ
뵽Ŀ¶Ϸ䣬֪ô£Ҫٽ޼ֻ֮СĶȻսǿվޡûԼû֡
ڻСȻСûйʾҲܿǸ״̬СĻܴ󡣵ΪԵʣС𲻼ƵʧڻԸ롣Щ壬СȴҲᾡľ
ͷһҲٳɣһǴ׷޼֮ȴһ֣ʱһ޴ڣȻݵǰ
ָ֮ϣնµİָ
ָǹ֣նһָνֶξʲôѪ֮֮ռ֮֮֮ȵȵȵȣϵĵȫżѵḷָ́ԶȿȥҪѵ̫ࡣ
ָٶȳ֣״˳
ʱһɿֲķ֮Ȼصءָ֮ϣһأǸ߸֮ϣȻһ˵·ָĳ֣ǣʲôֲڡ
ղδ飬ûһ̥ǿ߱ǿҡƽУȴһ޵£Ҳֲµָǣȴְһڣʶ޷١
أȻóָȴҲʱ̳˵׼Ҳȷָܷסռ֮
һ˵ʵܿ졣ָó޼֮ʱһָ֮ڣ·Ҫƿָݡ
Ȼ޼ָ֮һ˲䣬
ֻ˿ڴֻĹһ̺ȻȻһɿֲŭ⣬ھ֮Լ·Ƿŭ޼֮ڽָһ˲䣬ʱΧЩ޼֮ûüκηӦ֮µΧ֮£̼䣬һƬޡ
Դǿ߶Ҫ˵޼֮ôģɢˣ
սΪֹһ㶣Ҳһ
̧ͷաԼ䣬ܵһɷŭ
ĿţѪ˫Ŀиֳһ˿Į
ŭһųƥ㲻ϡŭΣ
֪־ķŭ
ݲ֪Ǿ޴ָ󾿾ǸʲôڣⲢԱڼ񡭡ϾǱڣҪɱġ
˵Ҳһ֮һˡҪ̥Ż١ŵ򾳶ѣ٣ȴѾΡһΣʱ
ΣҪһ˼ҪĨɱ£кøУǲˡ


1156 Ѫ
Ʋһ£Ҳ֮ϵķŭһָ֣еķŭƺʢһ֣Ƭ֮ʧȡ֮ģһƬƽ
ݿ˿֮Ҳᣬһ̤գֱȥ
רŽ޼֮ǲϣ˿Լ޼֮Ĺ̡Ȼη壬վ鷳
ȻҲ벻ðָһĻȴȻһ˫С
ңԶĺԨУǹȦУǰָʱѪɫȦ֮ĺǣȻ
Ѫ⣬ǴѪ࣬ȻӵдѪ
ԭһѪâ֮ѾµĿնۿУȻױȵѪâ𾪶ɣһ̣ȻصԨʹһ̣⺣ԨڵȫԺһ̣ʶһƬհס
ǿնۿеķ򣬺ȻתĽԳ֣
Ѫ첻ң첻ң
ͻȻǲɣһ֮ǰĳݣ˼ȡǿնۿڵĺâȻĿȻǲƵĴӣһȼѪɫ⻪·һ̼ѡ
ȻѪֻǳһ»Ȼͽ·ҪϨ
Ϊʲôڲŷ֣ҪѪ⣬Ѫ⡭ԴѪ⣡Ѫһҵģһҵģ
ɣĽУǰȦȻһ䣬ٳ֣ȴǲһĻÿڿбܵһ̡
쵰뿪Ϊβ뿪Ҫǳʲô⣬𣬱𡭡
ɣһαֳ˼ҵӦ֮֮ǰͨݻʱķӦҪӵļҡ
ǿǴѪôһ飬ҵΪָ۷壡ܳ⡭Բܣ
ɣ˵󣬽ҧгݡ
κΣ˿̣Ҳֻܿţȴû취ȥκ¡֮ǰѹ룬Ѿһ
ĶѪɫȦڵ̬չš

һĻ֪˿̣ൽΣͷ
֮ϣ磬ͷԴ壬ն£ɢſֲܣпɲɱϢ
˿඼֪ڿЦܹ˵£
ţáзη壬Ҳгɡ˵ţвʣҲã
ѾһƬḁ̃ǣѾռ˾Եˡֻ˲䡭䡣ԭֵһϣ̼䣬Ҫ
սֹͣˣȴʵڷ罭ԶʥıԴսڳսƲ֮⡭̥սһ̶ͣ
ԶԶ룬Զ˷뱨ԵĿУңߡ̥Ҳ˲ȥЩ鷳վգһɫѿŭĿӣҧгݡһ̣ΪؼΨһĿ
룬ǿߣһȴԣһѪɫĤ֪̥⣬Ϊλ־档
ǰһʱѾõ˰ǲݣʱ˵ȫƳ⣬ҲӦѾõһ̶ȵѹƲǡΪΣȴȻУ
Ҫ֪ڱԴҲǼΪǿĴڡӵֱԴ֮ǵ֮Ĳһǿߣо綾ҲӦô̵ʱܣס⣬ȫûеģ
̥ǿ߶š
Σʵǰɲǲš
ģѾ𣿡
ʯʵţ촽ҧƣšȭͷ
ݵĳ֣ǿһϣֻתۼ䣬תֱ£ϣȫ
ǿǱԴǿߡ˱ԴĴڣִڣѾ̥սͨƽֵˡ
֮һһ콧ɲ˵˵ѡ

֮ϣʧһֻʣһߵ򾳷ݺҧ飬ҲŨŨĲʡ
ûϣɴݡɸϣתۼֽ֮ȴΪпᡭпᵽԽܡ
ǡİ
һ򾳣վڵϿգգҲҧгݡйһ֮йֵˡǵϣ֮ĵ֮һƣձնһΨһһǰݴѡ֮ˡ
ǰЩʱռݵ飬УĿɬͬʱҲǸп֪ݲȴû뵽Ȼ̶ֳȡ滹ͬһȴѾһ
ڸղţݳ֣ǿƽ˲ŤתǸп룬Ƚ֮󣬱Ҫ֣صµȥݡһлˡҲΪ£ʵĵһǸ
񡭡
Ѿûл˰ɣ
ƿɬš
ͬ뷨ģ˾ͽȡ
Ϊһ֮һƺԶ֮ҡڣͷѡԶɣԶһͬ˲Ѱİº֤ԶɺϵҲˡǵ˲òżԶɵһ֮ȻҲʾ֪ˣº󣬱ҲͲ֮
ǰʱ俴ռڵ飬ټ֮ΪеҲһ֮󣬵ŰݷáҲȫ˵Լڡ
ϣҲֳɬо
ԶɻţӦҲڰѣ
ͻȻ뵽Զɡʧ˺ܳһʱ䣬ڱѰ޹֮£Զɺص䵱գʱԶãڵһ֮£ͷΧղ
һһΣһѾǳˡ

򾳣̥ͨ࣬һֳ̣˾Դͬһɽѹ˵ͷǽϢ
˶ʱֻһˡ˵һӪȴûиоʲôš
С
С̥ս֮ҲͣϾݸǰЩս̥ɱǵĶֶѡ̥սѾʹȻж
˿̣ڿУϾúԼĶ䡣һ˫ɫ۾ʱĿһۡʱֺĵͷЩһۣЩɻȴҲûжĴ㡣
ôڡѡɡԸ⳼£ǲǲӡգ壬ȫ
Уɱ磬Įһ̣Ȼص
ǡϢʱ俼ǡ
ٶȵĿڡ
࣬Ȼɫ䣬󣬿ʼ
ǲ
һ⡣
ҽеҲͬ¾һգһԡ
˶ʼ˼Ž벻֮ʱһĮƽ
յУǰǧ֮⣬һӰЯ޾ɷӰյУ˳
޸ˣ
˵ı飬Ȼһ䣬۾Ȼ
ݡ޸ˣˣ


1157 
ֵܣ
ʯ۾Ȼһ鼤ƺҪ˵ʲôֻһ֮ȴסֻ񼤶Ŀݡ
֮ϣܿıҲ˲һ۾Ȼ
棡ܿ˷ܵغû£Ҿ֪Ҿ֪
ǰǰû£û¡۾ҲȻͷż
ƵıҲ˲仯ԭľ֮ɫһ̣Ҳ˼̧֡ͷţһ˵ӿ
˾ͽȣҲ仯ɴ۾׿š
һ̣е࣬۾Ȼ߳Ӱ
֪ΪΣһ̣еľȻ漣ɢһ֡·𣬷·һɱ¾֮ģͬҪصɷӰпȥȴһ˵İġ·ֻҪӰڣǰ־ƺҲԴ߳ȥ
βҼԺҹҹƣأֻ޸ˣ
ҲһܽսΣӴʱ˿һ羴֮ˣ
ϣ㲻ݴ˴βҲˣ
࣬һ̣ҧгݣȴһ̱üᶨûҡڲ
ΣԴΣ壬Ҿ壡
ԱԴ壬һȽ׵ս޸ˣǸô˵
ݴ˿̵ķˣֹһԵ죿һĻĿһĻĲСעҪΪһһĻ
ˡ
ڸ߸֮ϣΨһսһͬҲһ˫۾ʱ̹ע·Ƿ罭Զ
δǿȥһʥҲţȻ˻棡
Լڵһս֮⣬ֻ֪Ȼûг֣ս̣ʵһֱڹעš֪ߵս裬ӵ뱾Դһսսģ
ԣû򶨡
ղҲȷһǽɫСģս裬̥ս֮ƺûӭĴ㡭ȷͷһ¡
ڡݻˡ
ȻˣǾûʲôõĵˡ̥սռ˼ơסôȻ֮ǰķȥߣ
һս壬ϣ
΢Ц
飬Ȼ˾ʥСһ£漴мߵôѵΪƾ̥࣬Եסʥô
罭ԶԿȴЦˣĿԴҲˡ
ߣʥһдŲм벻š
ǵģҲˣݣǲ©֮仰˵̥ǡ
˵ĶԻܼ򵥵ĽȻսȻ˵Ƕڹע·飬ս棬ȴ˭ҲҴ⡣ϾٳʲôĻô棬ֽгϵıˡ
ǣߵʼսͨ嶼û취ǵսȴĹؼ
ǵʤ̥ʤӵҪΪǶ˵ڱԴսϳôһʤ˵Ҳ
лᣬ壬ҲܾȺΧ֮ڵ壬ȫġ
˵仯˵ʵ򣬲˲顣һߣݵĮ֮߳ı΢΢һ̧ͷݡ
Ȼֻһۣһ
㡭ݣ۾΢š
Ȼֻһ֮΢΢һ
˼ǲ©֮ǿȣȴ̥ʮӣƷ׼ߵֲãԻʯţɱˡ
ݵ壬ڱԴǿ˵ʲôܡһۿ֮ķ罭ԶԼ֮ϵľ嶼ܿȻҲ⡣
ĻȴûκλӦֻǵһۣСѾһ˸ԣֺõͷһı飬·ʡˣҸɵô
΢һЩԴСʱ¶ܵı飬Ħݵơ
ݲ̧ͷĮĿֿŵ룬ȴޱϲֻǵĮһۣƿĿ⣬ȴ·壬żȡ
ͨ٣ĶѾ޷ڶݵĳĬ֮ڻڣƽĿӹ·˲ϵ壬ͬҲȾѪɫļ́ͷȷҪսȥ
ݵĻһ£ţȴǴЦ
˼ɱ˼̥ԴСɱһЩ壬ȴѾǿԼλˣЦдųôĪΪԼ˸ʲôҿ⣿
̥ǣ֮ӵѹ̥սѡ
̥ͱԴɲһġ֮࣬Եơ
οֻ̥ǵ򾳶ѡ
⵱в࣬͸Ӵˡ
ݵǿʮҲ޷뱾Դġ
ΪԴƿصģǱԴ֮Ǳȵ򾳵ķ򣬸һĴڡ
ݵĻЦ
ĳݱ鲢ûʲô仯ֻǵĮĿһֱЦͣЪ֮ƽЦˣ
ҭһ£ЦֹüͷҲ۾ȷͦЦġƺûŪµľ棿
˶٣漴ЦѾܣֻʣһԴһʥš仰˵ڣѾûбԴսɱǣҶԣ׾١ͬɱһ㡣־֮£˵Ϊβսȥ
˵Цһ˵ΪһͿҿˣ
ҲĶ֡ԣ̹Ȼҡҡͷս֪ͱԴĲࡣ
㽻ֵģҡ
ƽĿѡҪսһ㵽סҲ˵Իסϵ壬ղϵ嶼ȥҲ㱣֤ߵһ壬ͷλ֮⣬ͬκһ뿪Ҵӽ𣬲ȺΧ֮ڵ壬ҼһɱһʣʯҲȻȥݷáңͷλأҲаսǶλ֮ɱɾ
ѡţôǿԳһ¡һʼû·սǺϣ
ݵʼƽѪɫ˫ͫž޲ߣﵱУȴһɺ˵ӿʹ⻰䣬ɫȻ
ҵ˵ɹŭˡ˵ԣãǾ԰ɡ
أֲȻϣ˺ա
һ̣ǰһϢӶСȻһëȻըһΣݵǰзϽɫëȻʼڡ


1158 С
СͻȻܳû뵽ģ֮ǰע⵽ֻɫСޣɫС𣬱ֳģֻ̥սѣԱСղݳ֣Сܵϸûʲôֵùעĵط˵ʵûС
һ̣ƲҪȽ¿ԵݻɱʱСȴͻȻ˳ϵȴǰϤ
Դ֮ʲô壿
ʱһŵĿëʼɽתڵС𡭡ϵӲ˵ǱԴ֮
ߣȻһͷԴδ֪֮ޣ
̼ףݸղԣʲô˼ˡ
ǱߣбԴս
ˣ·ǣҲȻ
ȴݸ߳ʱ˵һ仰֮⣬֮ĶԻûжʲôʹ֮ȥԳȴ֮⣬û֪˵ʲô
ĿⶼעǡһĿĴڡΪˡ廹壬˶ߵĽ棬֮սֵơ
ߵĶԻ˲֪ͻȻֲĿɱ磬˺յʱȴĶ۾Բǣܲѡ
͵˶ΪݷǷܿסʱ򡭡һսдʵġСȴһΣ˳
ϵëȻɫĿֲǺţΪ֮ʧɫΪ֮顭Ҳǲ£
һ£˶סˡȻ󣬺Ȼ
⣬⡭ޣ޸ߵս裬ǣǱԴڣ
˿ѷʥ棡
Դս
䶯ˣ˶ɴ۾šţȫһ۾Ź⣬
֮ǰ̥սƣ忪ʼݺǽɫСͻȻ֣ٶȣ˲Ťתƣƣƣþϣ
ȻʥǿϮ֮һ룬԰Ե̬˲˸ոðͷϣһΣݺɫСվ˳
һΣǵ𺳣ӵǿң
Դ
۷ǿ߼Ĵڣ֮ǰȺֻһλԴ롣
֮һλԴǷ罭Զ
˶ˣͬĶ룬ֻҪ˲壬վͻһ
µ룬˹Ŷһ޼֮ڴ˺ļʱУֻҪ벻վǲҶô
⣬ǱԴ
жֻҪڣ޷˺ӣ
һһϣڡ
Ĵڣվ̫ϡ١Ī˵塭嵱УıԴҲλ
Լʥ档
룬罭Զʥ桭Ⱥڵ壬۷Ĵڡκһ΢ţͷȺľƣ仯
ǱԴȨϡ
˿̣ô뺱ĴڣȻ߾һͷ
ûǣղСߣֺ÷еģȻⱾԴսȫȫܵݲٿص
ʲô
ǿǱԴĴڡȻͬһͨĳﹷһ㣬հ
˶ţжݵĿݣȴǴﵽ˶塣
꣬죬һ·ﵽ̥˵ӵбԴս裡ʹȴҲ˵ݱ
û˻ΪԴս裬ôշġ޹֮Դս裬λ棿
ңֻݻµɷޱ޼ʷ·Ҫʣ۾ȾѪɫƫƫ£ȴһƬƽ
һ㣬û˻Ϊĳɾֻͣ
ҲӵųѼԡ
ƽĶۣκһˣǶûаգӵ˿ֲɷʱ򣬻ܱľƽȡ
ˣһʱϸ߷壬վʱ˲֮ʱԣһ·ϣ۷ĸǳʶƫֶѧġ
循̾ţţԽݡ壬ȴһɫ䣬ţݣǿҵĿ־塭
ˣӰעΪһʡǲԵģɷ·Ȼڶ߿޺ǿ־壬η塭С
ĵƣ
֮ϣʥ棬ҲһĻ֮£嶼΢΢һ˷罭Զ
罭Զֻ΢΢һЦȴδش
⣬ⲻܣŶʥ棬һҲ΢΢һ˫С۾δ˵ɴͻΪĴ޼֮߳ԵɣֱС𺳡
ǽɫëƿɰ޺СȻǱԴڡ
ңֻĳضϴﵽ˱ԴΣսȴ̥ĴڡǣӵбԴսԺͱԴǿߣ潻Ĵڣ
ããã
Ŷʥ𺳿־壬ʯȴܵ˼¡Ȼ𾪣ģȴǾϲ
֪ݽһЩ֦ĩڵ̥ǣȫ֮󣬻Ȼ˹
֪Ѿһ֮ǰһֱ֡лкܶؽ벻סˡ벻Ԥ޷Ԥ
Դûа취ֹʲô
УԻ仯
һ𾪵ĶС𣬿ૣǡ⣬⡭
һֱૣС𡣷·𿴵ʲô֮
һеһУ˵ʵȴǼ졣
ƣĿֱָݡСϢſһУ˲Ϣ
⣬ʲôޣĶݣ𾪣š
С𣬾ʲôޣҲ̫ƽĿڣȻǻش⡣
һ˵ʲôȴĮĴĻôڣ㻹Ҫô
Ļ˲˺ССͷͳɫƵĶëѾдڣϢ
һ֮ȴɬķ֡սСһЩҲ߲̫ࡣ
ļôпܾԡҲܹϵ˶ɱԱס·Щˡ
뵽֮ĻԸȴҲòϡݣܹ˵һС
ǣԸ⿴ġͬھ
һ̣˴۵Ļ
˱
ӣѾ֪ݵ飬֪룬Ҳûа취һ򾡡
뵽ڳ³һĿһۣϵϢˡ
ݣҼסˡһΣӮ⣬ǽʯţʮͨ峬˵ѪһУվҪһġվ˵
ǱѡʱҾѾ׼ҪңҪնһָҪҲҪ˼׼
вȻϡƽһۣ˵
ٶһۣһ̧ͷ߿ա


1159 ˱
߿֮ϣڷ罭ԶʥսȻأĿռ¶ڵգдһƬƬѡһ˾սһضȫƻ֮ҪָҲҪһʱ䡣
ڳĬƬ֮վڵҷ˱ɡ
˱ʯű٣ôĪ˱Ҳʣʣ
ʯ̼ء߸ߵ֮ϣȻһƬͨľ޴ݸ֣ۣѽѵ֮ɫȴǺ֮
ɷŭݴݻʯţǰһţ塣һȴʯšʯŵУżˣݴݻʯŵһ̣Ϊռ֮˺Ƭ
壬ϹʱǶ塣ࡣʯŵУųľ壬󲿷ֶЩʯŵġ
ҾʽͨͬʯԽķʽͨʱԶĿֲһʯڵľ壬ҷܳġ仰˵ЩˣֱϵǶˡԤеŭ
ȻҪ˱ܸģܸģ
𣡣
ʥţֲ𶯾ϯ£ķйеŭ𣬵еķŭȴû˿
һĻȻСɫ΢΢仯еû˿䶯Ǿһ֮ʱͷַ·һеһ˵İġ
޸˶⣬ֺα⣿
šҲ𽥻ָϡ֮䣬˵жѾ¶Щȭͷ΢΢ڴš
һսľҪˡ
ķӦ֮УͬҲܡʵֺγҪ˱
һͬջϢԶΪ䱸ڵδ֪ս裬һ˲漴һſ죬ȴûȴһַʽ·ڶҷ˵ʲô
Ƭ֮ҷʱ֮ͣҧгݵٶأ㣬˵ģ
·ĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ҷٶȷһ漴ȴŭ֣ͣҪǸô
һΣȴǳŷ罭Զġ
罭Զ۾΢΢һУЦռƵģǰɣ
㣡ҷʱһŭ漴ȴȻ
ȷڵľ棬ʵռŵġҷз罭Զ赲С赲ͬԴս൱ġֵ̥սݣλ̥ǵĴڣȴͬԵԴá
ڣڱԴ£˵սֱƱԴҲ޲ɡ
Ѿսս߾ߵˡ
罭ԶĻ֪ݵ˼ƣǾԵġҪ㲻ĵĴȥȻܡ࣬ȴҲûʤ
ԴսҲܲ˵Ĵɱ䣬Ǳ֮ǰ¾ʯŵһ㡣̥֮£û
⣬˫뿴ľ档
һ㣬罭ԶȻҲȻССĴҷһ䣬ȴҲͣ֡һʱ䣬߿֮ϵĺ֮Ҳʱɢ
ֻǱƻգȻڡѣȻӵӿŰķ⣬ȴ޸ġĻָָˡʱ䣬̫á
ҷʯͨ죬˵ŭ¡ڷ罭Զ֮ͣҲʲԸͣҧгУһͷֱӳ·ȥ罭ԶһһΣҲʱ˫ͨ˵֮С
ҷˣҲ΢һƢԣǳġŭʱ򣬳ĬͬһʯͷһŭƢҲһʯͷҷģҪսȥ
ãҷȻƢڴȴ쳣𾴡Ǵ۵ǿˡ
ҷСһЩﵽʮɣͬպһ㣬Ӹ߿֮󣬱һԲǹ˵ƣȴ˲ұӡ
ҷִͬʱ罭ԶƮȻΣҲݵƽͷһȾ˵ĺҲһԲ
·ȴǴ㶣ɵĿ֮λʥ棬һʱЩãȻ
˱ʥҷʥ棬˱ˡԵɣԲѾȡԼҪսǣƵĲò˱⣬ǰ֮ڵ״Σ
ãȻĿ˿λʥ棬ȴĿΪĿһӰ֮ϡ񱩵ļɷУһӰͬһɽȻѹǵͷǿ־壬η塣
Ƶλʥ棬ò˱
ݡ
֣૸ͷϢ
࣬Ŷεİ׿ţȴš
߿֮ϣٶĿһۣУ̽Ҳվߣ
Ȼɢ̼䣬ϯ
󣬵ղŵ飬ȴѾͨ˳ȥڵ˫Ѿ֪
仰֮ڶݳ֮վˣ࣬Ҳڽ䱸УĿЩˡ
ٴһۣתҪȥ
һ¡
ڴʱ֮һֱĬķ罭Զȴǿˡ
Ķһ٣Ťͷ˷罭Զ
˱֮ǰǲǸýˣ
罭Զȴǿˡ˵ģȴһֱУԹȥ²֪룡
ԣУĴڣȴû˸ҺӡϾǲĴͷ֮һ
ǵģĴͷȻҪһλλ˭ȻѾǲԶ
˱罭ԶȻܿ뱻Ǿôߡ
ӹϵȣ罭ԶȻ׽һЩϾҲͬ⼸ʱ䡣ҡݱϾߣȷıʾڲȺվҪȥʱĴڣԵøҪˡ
򣬵ȵ뿪ǾֻʣһԴǸʱҪһΣô죿
ԣ罭ԶȻҪ
ڷ罭ԶҪȴֻǵһۣȴû˵վĽǶ˵ϵɲáŭħΪذǲݣǵûимϵĲƸҪ˵һ뷨ҲûУǲܵġֻǱԴȻС𲢲η壬Ҫ˵вԷȴҲǲܵġ֮ǰ£ֻܾʹա
ټȷԲȺҪãҲûй
⣬ݾԸԭΪ˵ʲôûԷһֱúõģҲǾˮˮԷùû鲹ȴҲûʲô


1160 Ӱ
ղŲûע⵽룬ֻǿ˶ѡ罭ԶἰҲ֡
ԷԸţáԸţҲް
֪ԲȺõġѾĹ࣬ȥΥԼıġ
һɱ¾ɷͬʱľϣҲѾһЩ仯˵һֲϵ˵Ǻǻٶ룬ûġ
罭ԶĻ΢һ£漴۾΢Ҫҷ룿
罭ԶȻĵ˵ͷ
ôҸ㡭룬ҲܷšҪȻյΪֹ˱ʱսҪȻǾͽս룬ǲܵġ
ȻĻشȴЩ罭ԶϡϵԷ׷ˣȴû뵽ӦȻ
ΪһݣǾͳԶǡԸ˱˵ˣҲֻǲԸͬھѡҲ˶ѡΪҾͻ㣬ôҵø㣬ˡ
Ц˳Цȴ䣬Щ룿㣬ǻһҷһô
Ļ÷罭ԶʱƿԡĴ𰸸롭ǾԲܷŵġ
ԴսǺεҪ˫ܳԷһԴսǾǻһĴղֵһ˲䣬඼Ϊ뱻ܣһԴս
ҪǺϵֶһԴս˿̵壬ֻѾ¾һա罭Զˣ¶ҪǱӴܡѡ˱Ľˡ
룬ܷš
֮ǰܣ񣬸ܡ㲻Ǵ۵Ҳܡ
ֻз罭ԶʱǾһֱòû̫õİ취һҪǵõ鱨֪Ķˣ֮Ҳ֪֮ĺڣҲ˷һ
巽һԴսǽˣȵĶȫôӣͿˡ
ʱԴѹǴ۵£Ⱥڵ壬ûа취ġ
οһδ۶˻編ǵǿ֮ĩ浽һ죬Ҳܳ桭
ԣ룬šΪˣߵԸ⿴һز
Ļ÷罭Զı齥Ҳ˹ؼ
ʹ÷罭Զߣôȵ뿪Ⱥָô죿
뵽ģĿͶݡȻֻһ֮ͷͿһ¡һĮ۾ûпҷǵͷ·Ĭ
ֻǳһ˲罭Զһͳݶ
޸ˣ֪֮ǰЩ졣ҲԲȺ˵ǺεȵҪ㿴
ݵüͷ΢΢һ£̧ͷ˿ֿ˿罭ԶҲڷ罭ԶԺ𣺡Ҳûʲô죬ҶҲ̸ʲôҲԲҪԡ²ĳԵҲףĳ׸ֻһ䡪ĳģĳѾˡִˣĳֹҿԳŵ㶯ͨˣĳ֡
ˣ΢΢һ£罭Զı΢΢һ˿ݵٶ𣺡ĳԸٿͨѪ֪ϣгʮڵˣҲνȥ
ݱʼƽţȻһȴ˵ķ罭Զƿԡ
ݵ˼ȷ罭ԶˣԣԼ֣ƾʵ˵ܴҷ˶߻ɱҲ顣ûֱ¡ݰĪ
ʵڵľҲˣֻҪԼ֣ҷҲȥͨ塭ϾҲߵͬھĳ̶ȡ
ֻͷ罭Զսͬǽ£Ⱥĸ߶ȣ͵˽еĳ̶ȡ
һʱž罭Զ鸴ӵĿݣƬ֮̾һ
֪˵֮ԣȻ뻹Ļ϶ġòϣݵĻеġŲ룬˵˲㣬˵Ҳ㣬˵㡣
ɴĽǶ˵ΣҲܷŵġ
뵽Ե룬ӣԥ֮վһ̾ͷȥû˵ȴӳĬ
֪罭ԶͨҲһֱڿ˵ı顣ڵƬ֮󣬷ʼղ䣬罭Զȴ̾һͷȥ֪ǵѾ˽ˡ
ٶȿһۣҲٶԣתƿնȥ
ҷĶһۣſ̹ǵĳޣȴҲվϡ
·忴һĻʱתޱߺˡ
壬ڶաȴǻת뿪û˺ɱҲûǿ񱩵ɱеģֻһƬĬ
һգעҪǵһաΪǵһ³˰̡ΪһֲӰǸӰͬʣվҪΪǵħĥ
ĿԶȥԽԽԶԽԽԶЩĴǵʧ֮ǵ۾ɴһɼ飬Ȼؿ
ޣ

屻ˣıˣ
ĻХһ̣ȻӲÿһ䱬
֮ϣ飬Ƶ֮ϣ֫鲼ˮȾѪı֮£ӵ˻ţźţйеļȡ
ǽٺϲ񻶣ûʲôȴӾ߳ӭµϣӵ˷ܡ


֪ʲôʱһȻƣֱ̲񷡣·յһ̣Ҳ
ܿźţǺ죬˻ƣȴԸͣЪ
źţ뷢ţݲۿʪ
ƣ˾ͽȣģиѩݺСʶĲʶģֻҪ࣬ţһ̣˻ţźţͷžȣա
罭ԶĬĬ˿һԣǰӵݵʯҲһͣ˽ŲԶĻһ̥ǿߣڼͬʱĬĬͣԭء
Ϊ֪ʱ̣ǡ
һֻ̣һˡ
վգͷһſȶӣԭΪɷЩģһ̣Ҳվֳһ˿ů⡣
оǰЩʶ̧ͷƵ֮ϣ޴ƿһСһƲõ⣬Խ͸ѣҫϣΪ壬һɫߡ
̧ͷţƬ֮ľɵĽЩ֮ϣֳһ˿΢Ц
һĻעҪΪǡ
Ļ֮£ǿֲ֮£һеӰ


1161 
һ˾Ÿҹսվû뵽ĽΪһʧ󣬽ǲսһʮ̥ս̵У˰
˵Щ˶ӵзҲ̥սģȴֻ˶ѡ˵ķֻǵ򾳡ڣ򾳶
Ͼ̥Ҫϴġ٣ɲô׶ȹġҪԴƸҪһЩпܶȹûʮգû˸׶ɽ١
̥ˣ¾͸ǲض˵ͷյĻսͨ˸˲ء֣Ҫڼơ
˵ʵһսֱ֮ˮһ붼ֹνʧء
пܱԣս˶Խܵġοе˶֪ʧ壬ҪصĶ࣡
ǲȺڵʯţȥͬеĳ˾һ㣬ѾԶԶʧ
Ī˵ͨ˲֪ʧˡʵǲʧġ
Ѿ˵ʮ֮ϵͨ
幥Ŀģռ󡣿ͨ٣ɱΪĳʮڵҲɢһꡭ仰˵ʱǴҲˡΪȺҲѾʮڡ
ҪĲ֣ռȫ̸ֺʲôؿ󷨣
ȻйͨйЩ£ͨǲ֪ġ
֪ģʯţ屻ɱһУΪһˡ
ݣ

֮ϣһȺ̥ǿ߶Χ׷׺ݴкЩ˴ˣ鶼ż͸п
һΣǶ޸ˡ
Ҫ޸ˡ밡
պҪ׽׽
һϤİǰ𻰣Ϊ𾴡ЩˣҴ̥ǿߡλߣսǿݣǲԳʲôݣΪ
ɷȴߣһɷȴʱʱ̲̿ţʹҲֻ΢΢ͷӦȥЩĮ
С±ؽɫëյķɵԣԹԵëԱ߲ǿ߿С񶼴ż־η֮ɫ˿Ƕ֪⿴СģļһʵȴӵѹȫĿֲʵ
ҲСֻںݣԵû˭ûȤȥСֻǿš
Աߵķ罭ԶһֱЩĬȻ顣ֻǿһۣȴδᣬں̥Ƭ֮Ƿ罭Զڳ³һͨһЩ顣
ȷԣŲţ塣⣬û취ġ
ĺģõѡ
ȻѡЩĺϾΪЩ幱׼ǰ֮󣬸ˡô÷罭ԶҲмĸо
ˣ罭ԶҲپᣬµĹؼȴݡ
ڣ;óȻΪ£簲ݡ
˵أ罭Զ̧ͷԱ߱һȺ̥Χڵеݣ¿ڵ˵زδ֮Ȼϸɡ
罭ԶΨһıԴҲ൱ĻȻ˷ԳĬƬ֮Ҳ˵ͷЩ£Ҫǽһġ
硭ǰ׹Ǵ۵Ĵڡ
羳壡ǲɺӵĿֲڡ֪û취俹⡣һսǰ׹Ǵ۲ֻ֣֪Ϊδѡ˭֪ʲôʱͺˣǸʱ򣬹һԸȺֻˣ֮⡣
ȻǲȺˣǸˡеսˡ
ţ罭ԶϢȥˣҲܲܲ˵ġ
Ͼǿǻ羳ڡ
Լʵôһս֮ǰǲݵļƻ֮ڵġļƻǾϻعɳȺҵƷˣл⡣
ɷ壬͸Ҫˡϡǵһſ԰ɷĹܾܿڲл䵱С
л֮Ҫϻش󻪹
һ߶꣬󻪹ôˣЩˡǷ񻹻ţţĺ
ֻϣڵһЩ°ɡ
ֻڴ

罭ԶڣȻУǷȥˡƬ̣غ̥ǿߣ˸һɶ
·ˣʼԾĴɨս
սƲҲ̶ã⵱УȴƸ˵һ߾ʬ壬ͼֵ쳡壬ѪΪʹͬСɡЩֶͨΣΪãǿս
Ī˵л˴࣬Щ϶ٶһЩƸֱҩȵȡЩ׷
û֯ҲȻȥ
˲أ֮ѻƵսλõģЩΪġģǾ͵ˡ
սһƬǽ壬ٷϴˡ

һȺ̥սصʱɫڣȴǴŵƽʣһƬϲ졣
һδü½ͱˡΨһϳڵģֻʱѾ֪ͨٵϢʶδƻɱˣֻ󷨺ģֱ룬ȥսʶƻûʲô
²ô򵥣ҲѾһΣδƻ֮ǲ룬Ҳڡڲڲ˲ǧ󣬾Ϊ˻ڣֻ֪ѡһΣȴ׼ȷҵ󷨺λãƻ֮ƣһ㣬ֻ¾ϣȻ֪˱塣
ʯ·һ󷨲лȴЩѿ˵
֪һֻôųԱ˵ţЩĮ
ܣҲܡһβսˣҲΨһ֪飬ȴֲδֵģֻһ˵ĮȻ
ʯһ㶣âһ񣿡
֮⣬벻˭ӦΪֵնһԲַʽɣһ룬²ãʹ˵ɺϣδ̫ɡƽ˵
ʯʱ۾һɣȴҧгݣ񽻶꣬ȻΪƢԣֶΣȴҲ֡ȴû뵽ˣȻ֮һ˽ԹȺٲʯΪУһֳ裡
ڲʵϣ̥Увͬ͡ϾԴޣܻоڲһ£壬ȴһ¶ˡ
뵽п壬пһսĵʯͺ޵ҧгݡ֣Ϊһֳ衣


1162 
˶ԻԱ˵ע⣬Ƕûж˵ʲô˵棬ȥٶ˵ʲôʲôã
罭ԶĬҲδʲôʾ
ҲãҲáѾ̸ʲô壿
Ȼ²ᣬʹ˲֮ڲͽֶΡʱȫͨٲܳ཮򡣷һ֣Ȼ˻ȥ鷳ġ
˾Խ֮ıƣǿսƶʧȥãһ·УܿģһΪĹǰ
ٿ⹬ȴǱ˵룬鶼вͬ뱻֮£ȻҲܺӡֻǿķ罭ԶƺĬ£ҲеĹؽڣȻҲû취˵ʲôֻٿ⹬жٶЩд
Ⱥ̥ǿߵУһЩΪ֮Ͼûͻǰ֮£뻹һϸ쵼ߡҲȷΪ˼Ĺסôߣ֪ܲ˸п
Ƕû˵ʲôЩ˶ͨ͸֮Ƕ֪ݵ飬ڱɱһ߷ǲģ֮ǰֲ²⣬Сʵع⣬ǴҲܲ²ĳյһЩˡȻǿѹɱˡԴ˿̣뱻ܣݲŻֵƽĮ
ݵݵλɴΪͬ˵һһսĹףСıԴսٲС϶Ⱥ̥Ƿ룬˿ǰҲǲҶ˵ʲôġ
ϾȻɾҲͬɾ²ŵɷ֪ΪһսҲǸ˼ࡣսݣ彻սĵһʤʱֺαȥ˵ЩпܻᴥŭݵĻأ
˼Уһͬǹ֮С
֮ʱ罭ԶȴǽǱλá־ڴˣȻҡͷܣȻ罭Զ֣̥ǿҲԸͣҪλȻҡͷ
˸˶ǿԵ͵ģλʵڲʺϡλȰҡͷ뿪Ц˵
ĲҲǿף֮£罭Զֻȥ׵һλãȴҲҪȥˡݲһ̥Ҳ֮£ֻǰȥ
ֻһλãҪ֪ﶼʲôЩ̥ǿߣڲڣߵʲôطĴڡ룬һλϣ߻Ҫϸ˼ôλ飬ŲǵеһλеԼߡЩнġ
˿̣Щ̥ǿ߶Ըλ¡һΪΪ㲻СҲȺȾӵڶλáһ桭ҲǾݡ
ռ䵱У߲һ֡Ѿ˵ݵĹס
ûκʡԸǸλãԸȨô׵һλãȴ״򲻶ĸκˣҲΪԼʸʲô
֮ķ׷λ̧ͷ˷罭Զ
罭Զͫİɫɨһ֮վڡǼܽһһε¼Ӣµı˿϶Ȼص˵ݡ
һսһˣòᡣ˿̵ǣֻ»弤սڡѾΪ𡣶ˣ޸
˵Ŀ⣬˲ݵϡƽŷ罭Զ
¼һһ׸ռڵ֣Ѿ˵һЩϵɷ˵һСڣ˵䡣
罭Զ΢ЦĿ˵
Ļأʱ׶һȺ̥ǿߣ΢Цݡ
һʱЩȻԸλǲ˵ʲôɷ壬ʱʱ̿Ҫѹпܱ״̬һֱһּΪƽ״̬κ鶼ʲôȻκҲû̫Ȥ
罭Զı飬֮΢ĬƬ֮վҲ΢΢˵ͷ
лΪΪ˸飬ʵ˿ޡ֮£ҲᣬĳҲмҪΪλ֪һ¡
ݵĻͣסһĿ
һ£ǹǿռҲĿġȴ֪֪٣ݵĵһ仰ȴѯʡȻ˶һ㶣һ̥ǿߣɢ֮һġ㶵ѵǱôдţ˵嵱걻ӡӰڡƷӹ࣬Ϊ˱ɣ
û
ѵǣ
̥󿪿ڡ
ˣѾ֪Щˣ֪Եɡ
»ͷǱӡ壬ȷӰڡ˵ĵһ¾ǡЩֻΪ˱Եɡ
Եɣ
Եɣ
ʲô
һȺ̥罭ԶЩ㶣æѯʡ
ֻ֪֪֮֮꣬һΪӦǳ󡪡ǳܹʵĳĿꡣ
ǳ󣿣
ǣΪǳ󣿣
һǿ߶Ǵһ£漴˼ĵͷѹ֣ѹ֡ʵЩҲɡҪ˵˴󲿷ֵ֮ӦҲ㹻ˡ˺ȴȻγԽԭľ
˶ǻȻͷǣҲоһЩ쳣ֻû֤ݣ޴Ӵ⡣
ôǵĿ꣬ʲôأʯѯʡ
ģҲֻ̫֪ǳһܣǿѪһѡҡҡͷȴ˵
Ѫһѣ
⡭
ٶȵһԴȪѪѪѲԽߣԽǿһ㣬֪ǳ󣬾ȻѪһѡ仰˵Դս
⣬˵͸˵Ϣ
һ㣬֪ҪĿĻֻǴҪĿġΪռݲĿ꣬Ӧŭħҡͷ˵
ŭħ
⣬⣡
ݴһ˶Ǵһ𾪵վ
ŭħʮ֮һĿ꣬Ȼ
ȻֻǷ²⣬ʮȷռݵĵ֮ϵһѾһٵʱҪؽһ򵥵飬Ҳ̫⡣Ⲣ˵ĵڶ¡ĵڶ¡ϣ׼
˶𺳲²ĿģŭħʮȻĿʱƽٶһ
ݵ飬Ҳ״θֳһ˿أصĵڶǡȺڣһ羳ġۡ
棬˲ž˵ɴ۾ŵģݡ
羳ġۣ
ڿЦ𣿣
̥罭Զһ̣ȻվΣԲ۾


1163 ȥδ
˲ž˶𺳵Ŀݣһʱ䣬֪ηӦ
֮
ֵܣ⣬ģ
ʯЩһعȴš
羳ʲôĴڣԳɻ編ֻһɿԼ磬ɾʹִڣضëǣ۷ڣӵлصǿ
ȺڣȻпܴôһ⡭
˵ͷƤ顣
ϣûҪЦ
ʯѯʣ΢΢ҡҡͷĻӦ
ɡʯ˵ʲô
޸ԣġڴʱ罭Զȴǿˣص˼£֮ǰ֣ΪôôʱﲻľͱܣڿѾдˡ
ʯһһ˵ܣλ۳ˣ
ˡ罭Զصĵ˵ͷǰδеء
Ҳ԰һۣԽȫѹΪһսֻһΣֵܴݻʯţٵʮ¹Ƶ⡭ʯȴܿɻ
޸˵ˡۣӦˡ罭Զݣǰδе棺޸ˣ㽫ϸ˵һ顣
ݻ˵ͷ˵֮սԵɣ֮ԣȫ˵˳
˵飬ݵ任һ鶼ص˼¡
龭ԣұҲɣղżܣȴѾ֤ʵԲ顭Ⱥл羳ֻۣδѡԵȺͨҲ²⣬󷨳֮ǰԣɾѪԼ¹ŭħ֮⣬뻹ǻ۵йء
ݽԼĲ²ȫ˵˳
ǿ߶ţòݡ
֮
£ҾãбҪ֪һˡһֱĬĻڻˡ罭Զ֣ء
ʯҲ˵ͷˣͲҲȺһƬˡϢ̫شǻȫָ»иĵطꡣ
ֻͨսǲѡͨˡΪҲÿطսܷ·罭ԶѾ御
¹ػۡǶȺӵǿĿֲڡԷ״̬һҪ̬ȫʧ֮ǰ֪ˣһٽ˵ĻûⲻǶԲȺǶ˵мá壬һش
羳嵱УҲࡣ
罭ԶҲ˵ͷ˵ϢҲҪϱ
ѾԶԶĴΧ֮ˡ
޸ˣϢ̫Ҫл֪罭Զ
ҡҡͷĳҲ塣
罭Զһ£Ҳ³һ˵ͷ
һΣݵĹ̫ˡǾȲΣָ֪ҪϢ
˵ܶȹΣ߲Ϲͣһϡ
ûĲȻѾ
ձ۹͵ʱ򣬵ݴϢ̫Ҫһ̸ֲ۵Ľ㣬ȫǻ۵ϡ
羳̫ˣ˷罭Զ֮⣬¼˼ŵĻ羳ڡĴ˵һʱȻۡ
֪䣬ʱ˹ȥվ罭Զ̣ǰˣһ˵Ϣ֪ˡڽôͿˡ
û˹ŵĻ羳ˡͨ˵Ȼһѡ˵һءܹ˵ĸ߲ǿߵȤ
ʯȻݣǰԼľݣЩ̥ʶˡȻӴʱ䲢ΪݵһסԼİȻݼΪм֮ǰͶἰҪݣݴŭħϣһֱûʱ䣬һΣ˵ʲôҲܴ
ʯ֮⣬̥ǿߣ㶼ҪݡڵݣڲȺνһʱЩ̥ҪùϵһݵΪһ棬ҲǶݵĸм
˭ûиѣһβݣЩûһܹĶ֡ΪݣЩѣЩ̥Ȼмݡ
Щ˶̥ǿߣȻɷ壬ʲô¶߰ȴҲ÷Щ˵ĺ⡭ΪսηҲܾǡ
վʯϯݡ̥ǿ㡭

ϯףһĴʤ֮ʣ巽棬ȴѾ˲ܱߣޱߺС
ʧǣЩʧȥԼʯŵ壬ʴӡãȻ֪ȥδӡ
һʧΪأʯţٵʥǵ壬
ĳɷ̫ӣ壬Լ޴죬һͬ塣ս֮κһ嶼塭ҲԼĽ
ֻʣһЩ󱲣ʯֱ٣νʧָô죿
һû취飬бԴԸվƾսܹЩʧȥԼ޵ͳһšԴʥ棬û
ʥһֱڱŭ״̬뿪֮һԲֱӴŻŵľ壬˺Ҳ֪ȥ
ڽʥûлӦ֮ҲЩΡ֪ʥ棬ŭ˱Ҫ
˵ŭŭ塣
ݡ֮ǰδ˵Ĵڣû뵽ȻôһĴڣȫƻ
ԺлݣҲ˵ǸʲôоипҲһЩʡ
ٲʣѾֵز࣬ȷҪǿ
Լս裬з罭ԶڡһԴսԿ롣ݷֻǵΪȴӵѹ̥սĿֲʵԴҲ޲ɡ
һ֮ҡҡͷ
֮ȽҪĶ͹ȥɡ
ţһȻԵ롣
Ԥ³̫á
ٲ˼Ťͷļ̥սзʯš
˵꣬һΣֱ
Ⱥ̥΢΢һ£漴Լʯŵ壬ضȥ
ں֮ϣһȺʧȥʯţʥ塣
ãȻŲãֻ֮ȴ޴ȥ
ͣٳ֮ǲŷ׷ɢȥеĸ룬ȴֻԼΪˡ


1164 Ϊ
ǵȻʧȻ˳˿̵ĲȴһƬֺ
غѻڳսĺɨڼ½Ϊ½ʶδܵκεƻһʤȻҪף
һ̥ǿ֮ʱͿһƬ־£ҼһŵƽʣԷӿϽͷ裬·ףĳʢĽա
Ĵſڣǻ˺ѹѹһƬ࣬Ƿ·ڵȴʲô̥ǿ֮߳Щ࣬ȫ鼤ȵĹ˵ϣ£л߶ǧһ
ǧһ
ǧһ
ǿһƳԶĵطЩҲԷĹڵأķڵأ鼤ȣҲźš
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룬ˣҪ¡Դβɡ
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