==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================
֮ʦ
ߣòį

ݽ
ܺлѧ괩ԽƬİĲ½Ҫǿ鹫ĺүϣ˭֪һﾹȻǿҩǹ־ĥòֻ޳ܵؽˡΪ߼˹޾ңһ̤ʶ۷ó̡


1  1 Խ֮ǰ


ҹĩХžɳѹѹƬءһӰײײشƬϱ߾ԭʼɭ֣ȻӰƱһ£Ǳˤڵء
һɫ绮ʣҫӰ԰׵ɫԼʮͷͣͷϹͺͺĴĩüëŨĵһİ̺۴۽б°ͣƾб֮ɫ
ӰѪδδشر˿·Ⱦ˰ɫ
ɣڶϲͷ¶β𣿡ӰؿԱߵһŴϣȴͬһ
䣬ӰϢƾճΧε룬סпѵ·
һͷɣҪһٴһŮڿƮ˲ëȻ
ͷһܻͷܻͷ壬ʲôӦñҸһЦ
һ־ܰɣһᾡ顣㶣ЩΡ
飬һҪ־ܾͱˡһϣȴᵽ˶塣
һѵҪҶŸ
ҰС߱ʲôԣɱǹյʲôԣСΪ󹦣ɹҸʲôôװͨͨϰɡһ˵СʱһĨʹࡣ
忴˵ҰһһֲԾ΢΢촽ӲһıȻһơ
¡һըףѹõˮڷййص֯жߺѧĶǿߡһΨһһλ߾ϵǿֽл¯ˣҲǿˡƽʱĻԱǾӮһģʱһ黹ձɱ׷ɱ£СսٴΣܵصĴˣֵܵסµ龫Ӣأ
һŷ˹Ӱᵽ˵߷壬Ժȴӹ˴Сһ𳤴ĵεΡ˴Сַ˵ѵӱ飬֮ΨһŮԣͨɱͼ崿ʹȻû˵˶֪߶Գ˵Լⲻͬһǰȥձִ񣬲֪ôй¶˷ձΧɣԼһŭֻ֮ǰձɱձСȮһԼССĹˣձƽҲǧˣϵ߶Ƚţսпһ
ȻҲŹԼôԼֵҲõĹްɣСߣңǺܿԼˡһţӰʽǵӿʱȻȥԼƣȫű¶⡣
䣬һߵķһ߸ȫѪ쭣ȴŽѵ΢Ц
䣬ͻȻһˮͰֵӺѹѹи߸߷һǿĵУһ屻ӣûʣ
ץסһƬƮ·ƬϷֲˮˮ


2 ǿ˹


½Ŀ۹ǣҹɫʮˣǶڿУˬ΢촵һװҹ
¸¸£аЦڳǽһƬİҹƾֹ졣һλŻµбϣ൹ΪֻԲ԰׵ɫе⽫ĵа¶
겻ԶĲݵһλŮǴŻü֮ʶ˵λŮݵĸ߹󣬴ʱŮ۵һƬЩ㱵ɢǿҵŭƺȴ鲻һ˿
ĳ棬ɵҲ֪﷢ʲô£λŮ³
ٺ٣Ҹ߹Ĺ£㲻뵽ôһɡЦţŮĿ˲̺
ס΢΢ƽʱǸ߸ϹؾֻһʮŮԼıˣ侲ҲƽĵĿֻš
㵨ҶҸһɱġв
Ҳϲ֪аΪܻ߳ƬȻߣĻ治Ǹǵģҳζٺٺ١ԵضΣ֧
ĳر۾֪ҹմۣȻʬ𼣡£µǱմԼӡ
ƺˣЦͳһƿһĵҩ£˵Ϊǹ˴ǮģðΣɢǴħʦԵ°ǲúŪһôԵԼء
ҩӵڣһ㶢ѽŮǿ顣⵽߶£צǵظٵôãڿԵóԸˡ
»ȥͻȻ񱩵Ľ·˺ң¶˿ºʹƬѩ׵ļͫĽȻŴ󣬺᲻ͣ»һʿˮ¡
ܵԼļ¶ڿУξӨ۽ǻ£ﰵģ֮µŲڤҲŹ
˵㣬µĽǹҩʼŴֱؽ·ȥһһ˿ҵسǰ˾壬ǿ쭣ȲѹԼ·̧˫Ⱦͦǹ붴
ʱͻǶҹͻȻһըףһˮͰֵƽǿջ룬һڶĿռѷͻȻϢѿһֻ˶ɵĹޡ
ǰͦĶȻֹʱͻȻһֹ̾һ㡣Ȼ嶶ӢʹŤƤͻȻ˿˿ɫ⡣
ģ岻ٲҲƽƤϵɫڡ
۾֪һУı־;ΧţǵãԤ뵽龰ƺûз˫Ŀ۱һ˫ͨ۾ʹ֮ɫ
һţȻʬˣȻҪǿŮʶѾԼʶȫˣһҵᣬ־ʮû뵽һ徹ȻǿҩԼ־Ѻѵֵס屾ܵ
һʱͻȻˮ˫˫ǿհ譲ӵ۾һ½һ־ݿ壬սʬ֮С
һҵ§סһǰ壬ͦĻľд̴ǲᣬûůůԴУ÷
ãȻź޽ӣ۵ڴеһҶһζֻӨ鱻һץ棬任Ÿ״
ǹҩȻǿһڵĻԹȥʹ˷Σɷ֮ʣһŵͺһʶ籡ص̱ϡ
أʶ»صһԺڸղŶλŮеޱȰûڣȻ֪ѷǿҩЩɣصǰݵǿ鷸
һĬĬ·ϣѪ߲ؿС
һһ·ϣ㶵ãǧͷ̤һЩЩǵĲļƬγԺʹ಻
ӻ˹һҹʹĥǱΪħʦʮ֮ħʦȻһҪǿϲ١һʹȻ֪⸱ѻˣߺ޵ȻȴֵعΪƽеĳ뿴񣬿Ϊʲôôʹأѵˣ
㲻ҪʬڿԶˡƴӿɾһ˼̻Ҳû˿Ӧеĸ顣
һѹתͷޱЩ΢΢һŮڱǿ¶ı飬˿ֲ顣һֻ֪ҪԺ󽫻кܴ鷳
ɱɱһͻȻð뷨һȻΪ鳤ĺʱΪҲὫһЩ޹ڣƽһ˹ϵŮˣô˺أ
һӵؿ˿Ů²֣ȥҪŪԼ׵һʲô磬˵ǰǸ硣
ҵŮˣҲɱ㡣һһŮ˾ԶŮˣŮκ
һʧĿվȥո˼ʮͻȻһѣΣֱͦͦصȥʱҲһƺ˵ңҪҵ¡


3 ˼


һӻз˫ۣȫʹʹҧҧ֫Ǳεļסһޱȡ
һĴ䣬ӦļˣȻȫ׵Ĳ֪ĽɣмС͸ȫܷģЩĵ͵ĹΪǱص˸߿Ƽط
⵽ʲôطһĹš
һͻȻ˫ֱͷҺЩļһԺҴܣͷʹ̡أЩǵƬһһʶĳٴԺ
һüͷʼƽչԺļ֪ǵһħΪ½½۹һЩӹСң۹ֱǱߵİµ۹ϱߵ۹ͶߵĿ۹Ǿɭֻкɽھɭںɽƽԭɭֻ֮Уںɽ⣬Ϊû˴ԽѶɵĺɽû֪ɽǱʲô
һǿ۹ԺյĴ֮һż峤ŭСӣʮ꣬һһãͬĸáǿ۹ſŵĸųѾʮˣҴĿѾɫﵽ˴ʦľ硣С޺Ҳǲ½Ůʮ꣬Ǹ߼롣ֻ첻ѧ캦鲻֪˶٣ɱǿǵԷһƽŭӲܽһСӵҲǳصƴҲҪ̡۹ĻʵսŭҲһֻ۱һֻۣ˭ܹܵסһأȴСδ⾹ǻʵ谮Сؿڽ˰ɡ
һ뵽ЦǸոҪ˰ɣһŸǿ鷸趪˶ˡ
һļ䣬֪۹ĴǶ壬Ϲ壬ü廹ż壬Ĵоż󣬽Ƕ壬Ȼ֮УʵȴֹΡ
ħʢУħʦܻӭְҵͬʱҲٵְҵΪħ̫ѧˣ˿ڷ⻹ҪԡΪϵħʦˮϵħʦϵħʦϵħʦаϵħʦеľϵħʦ鷨ʦȼΪħѧͽħʦмħʦ߼ħʦħʦħʿħʦħʦħ
սʿΪսʿѧͽսʿмսʿ߼սʿʿʦʦʥչֵĶɫŽλ߶ͬѧͽûжģսʿĶɫǵɫмսʿɫ߼սʿǵɫʿɫʦǵɫʦɫʥɫǽɫ
ⲻѧļһĶɫҲ˵ֻһмսʿڱ˵㲻ˣż˵ȴеѾǽʿˡ
һļл˽绹Ŷ˶֫ȻޱȣӦǱϵķʦ˰ɡ
һ뵽һһǰǾϵߣ˵⾫۾ŵԼľһɲˣλüмľ֮ԴǵصľԦסԼ˰׳ա
һһ亹֮ϲ찡ôǿľ֮ǰþ񹦻ǻ練ơٴα۾Ȼ֫һεľţСһԼľʼųסԼ֫ľΪҪһȴû뵽⾫סԼһغϵĳɢˡ
һһɵһԾʹ죬·һŷԭ۵ļһһ飬ǻԵʱ˺úдһһ˦˦츬˦˦̾ӹǲ̫ˣ֪ҵİü𣿡ʱͻȻļҴԾرƳɵ̧ʽȻһ飬ɫĶûʹŴļ֪ǵĽмĽ磬۶ħʹ
֪ڹܷų𣿡һ૵ʼĩ֪ԽԽ档
£Ĭڹھһܿ붨ˣ֪˶ãһ˿ӵڶ𣬿ʼ˳й·ھÿһܱ׳һ֪֡˶ٸ죬һ붨һϲ벻šһ붨ͻ˵һ㣬뵱ǻ˰ʱŴﵽġ
ٶȣҲһ±ͻȻھŲ㵽ﶥ壬һʼYYҪ֪˶ʮŴﵽ㣬ÿһɲһһڶô򵥣ǼϷǰô


4 ޺


ȻôɵģֻеһķȽɣһ˻궼ɣ˺һһѣЩ۵һҲͻȻ˵һ㵽ڶ㣬ɴ˿ɼѡǰһҲˣʮͷʹﵽ˵㡣ȻҲ֪Ŀǰ⸱ٺãҲܶʱﵽ˵еĵھŲ㣬֮ҲֻһԼˡ
ơһһһƸðŵĽǽڡ
һҵƷһγɲõ˹ȥһ죬ǽϵ죬䷿͵һ¡
һһһô뵱ǰǸҲԼϲϲ֪ڿǷǳʱڣһ֪Լ˾ԼãܻҲҪˡ
˺һ֮еĲ̽ѯȴûзȻؿԽ˱Ʒ衣
һΰɣĪǴ㽫һһһ룬Ӧжʱˣɼû̽Ҳû˵ԵĺȵģѾˡ
֪Ϊʲôһǽֵĵ⣬һ˿еĸо
УӱʣָоѵԼˡһ૵˫ȴǰ
һЩĿֲ⣬һ˲ľһ㣬޻سԼһԻˣԾ˫ȥЩɰľ顣һĴּЩʱȻѹ˫Ӳ׵ĵطͣ
аˣѵ˽ҴˣܰҪҿ϶ֵܷġһžҪ˫ַ£ͻǽϵĵ񱻾һմһ˫֡
һȻ˫֣ȴͻȻЩܵʱûбţƱԼһ
һ㶵ؿԼ˫֣аٴν˴ǽڣɫĵȻ˳˵ڣ·СͻȻҵ˼һ㣬Ȼ֪Ӧ룬һȷʵһֵĸо
ӿڵĵԽԽ࣬һûиеκβʣڵĵҲ֪굽ȥˡģһʼûůģһĿУԼʶƺֻص˳ǽƬ֣һһ߾Ůʶ
ǻʹڼɽԱߵͤŮԶԶվšλ¿̺أŮǺƯ۾һȴЩŮһٴѩ׷ɵĶ
࣬ԼıĮΪԼһļ룬һֻΪһǸҹӴԺҹ˾ԵֻҪһаЦݣĵ˲Ӭһ㣬żҲڴ֮ǰʹ񣬻һʮĻҵŮˣҲɱ㡣ÿ仰Ƣͱ쳣꣬һѵĸ߼ħԲʮյôݲΪ˻ʵս۲ѣһжﵽǲ֪ߵغϣξٹϢ
ʱһλŮ߽ͤӣ£Сˡ
ɡ֮ǰ޺˼ζ˻ȥؾԼҪõѣȻá
һŽ׼۵Ӱһͷ˿䣬һ΢紵˿裬ЩſΪ֮ӣüҶˮڣѩرȻ¶ʵ崺硣
޺ޣΪľͲؿˣҾԲŹġ޺޿ھȵĺλýÿڣΪ˵Ļ˺Ѿܾ
޺̾һҲΪģȻӦóеżҶԲסˡ
޺Ļһ󱯿ίӿͷۿˮ޺ӿ
޺ıο˵ʵĶĵżĳ裬治֪ΪʲôҪѵֻΪĸǶĴС㣿
޺ޣҸô죿Ҹô찡ǿװļǿ޺ǰȫ߽⣬ŮӵڶĿ۹˵ǷǳصģκһŮӾֲҲңοôһ߸ϵĹء
ۿԽԽ޺§סСַһƬ͵İ׹ûڣǼĳػаƽ


5 ӳ


ȻǿϢʵϢǱй¶˳ȥǶ÷з˼ߣҪϳͲʵսҲҪ̲Уκ˽顣ѾԤϵ³ǿ鹫Уż˿۹һ壬̸ᣬս붯Ҳ޿κΣѲˡ
үȾɣҾôһӰధŭ
ȣôȣҪТô䵽أ۵˼塣ŭ˦ֺʳӣٻҲĶӣϣؿŶӱͷ
ҵĴҵĴҲүȾɣûʮ갡Щˣ֪ˣ͸ϼӿܣԼ̫簮ˡ
ôĿȥأǻڶңʲô취ŭ̾һ·һӲࡣ
ǰȳߣԶҪٻˡ۾һץһһ㡣
ŭɫòƾżʵҪȳѣз磬żʵ¼ɣ¾»ԴΪڳûżʵ
ҲֻˣϣνѵܹȻ򡣡ŭǾؾԼ׹⡣
лүһĵġһȻһҲˣסˡ

֪˶ãһĸоȫʧˣҲѹ
ôһŴͣ˫ɫĽǽϺ£ֳϵĵʧˡ
ѵѵȫˣˡһ૵Լ˫֣˰˵˵㣬ôҲûʲôرģԼյȷʵ
֪յĵɲһžֱȻһ¡һĴֵָĵмڽǽһǳӡ
ҲУһ˷ܵķһֻƷҪٷȴʲôҲû
һ˼ţոԼôأոԼоĳֹѵЩ
һʱܵȫһ飬һܵ˵ӵĴڣȻһ֣һֵöĵһָоˬ
һоһʱһֱûаļ꿦ĥ񿴹װƬʱ׵ʿ·ʱ졣
ףʯôûҲʡһ򡣡⴫һͳ
ż죬Ż߻ȥһӴͷŰںʿһŨصѪɱӭǾ浶ǹսɱŻɱʵǿһɰ䱸
үżȥ߰ɡΪ׵Ķӳһӣò½дɷĴ֣ĻȻȴԡ
һӼ֪żƣҲֻмȨãȶˣԶ֪ӵͻҷˡ
λӳһҲ⣬ҲǸϺЩʿһģһףһСӵг˼ʱ֪ĹģжôӴڵصףηݺύſͷԼѺֽȴֻǹʵֲгǿƻﷸģ벻ԼҲҽη
˵棬һôҡڵظŶ˳ǡǣȻԺļ䣬۲ĵĸдȴȻʮ־޴̫ˣйƳʱڵĽưֲ¡
˳˺ܳһ·ͷĶӳͣתһүͷǰ棬һȥɡ
һͷ˳ָķȥ㿴һͤӣͤĸˣһɫۣƮƮһϵˣһӺٻ󣬼òһɫףüĿ꽫һŽ׼ۣɵŮ
ؾԼĸĸðɣһĽŲ֪Ӧôǣ⸱׵ˣһ˵ȴİɡ


6 ռָ


󣬻ĥʲôϽŭԶһڵŭȡ
һ̾һµҲֻװȥˣƾն˱˵ĸĸãñǹ¶һһŤ
첽ͤڣһͷŭͶһ񡣶ڼûϴͷңۼ߰ߵĶӣʱӿ˳
Сӣһοɵõѵ˰ɣ´λ⼸ܿ˰ɡżһŨŨĴȰ
һ类׻һվһС¿࣬ΪҵȥÿֻĬĬڰ˱Լ˿ڣػ
סһͳһ˿ɳƵĸжǳ˵Ĺ𣿹ů˵
ˣĥˣʱ䲻ˡŭЩͷ
һߵŭǰʲôԸ
ŭóһϾݹȥӲµ֤һϾңʡŵ㻨һˡ
ллסһӹϾ֪ǲ½ͨõ֤пһϾҿһʲƸ㷽ʽΪһϾҵһǧңһҵһǧңһҵһǧͭҡһеȼͥΪһʮң֪һϾҵļֵжô
ŭŴָժһö͹ӵĽָúץһָϡ
ףռָҪ͸𣿡쿴׾Լ˺þĿռָ͸еķﲻƽˡռָȻ󣬵ƾżĲѿռָǻǾţһëŭöָɲһĿռָ⣬Խٷ֮ʮ˵ֵҲΪ
ŭһ۲ûнĻǶѽõŵĶˣϣΪ֮ʱ䲻ˣ·ɡ
ܣ㱣ذû˼ıӻ¶Ҫ˼аһļһ벻̱֮ɫʵͰͲôһ죬ôȻΪżĳӣҴС˳Ϊţܾø׶ӲĵܵҪӹġˣԼҲԷˣĩżλÿקԼС
磬һ·ߺá޺޵һ鶼ûУ˵ǳ͸ɣԶҲǰǸҹνĸȵѬѬشķ䣬˵˯Լ񹲷ߵ飬ҪԼŮ˹Լ׾Ҫˡ
Լĸһ䵭һһˬ׽֮һ㸶жǰһ󲽸һܱıĵֱ죬ȴԵ磬ܣԺżͿˣ׺ĸҲչˡ
챻һһֻѪӿĿƺѹȥˣһʹһſҲǳɫǰֲöԲĶ𿪡
ſ죬һѸײڶٶȽ޺§˻̵ͦϲźۼѸٷſ
ףĸףˡһӻ֣תĩ֪ǰ̱ȥ
޺һһףó˵ĿⶢһнԶıӰݺݵټ㣬Զټ㣬򡭡
һһ·񱼣ԼղŶ޺޵ΪЩƣԼʲôʱôɫˣô˵ҲԼϵð
ѵ⣿һ룬ܿעתƵֵĿռָϣӵļ䣬˵Ȼ֪öָжô󣬶ٷ֮ʮԽսˣŭĶӻǺܹ
˽ָĶһɰզ࣬һӱǼܣ˸鼮ħ֮ռ˴ڶװ˸ֿʯϣÿӱƷȻУǸҶˡŵģһһ£Ӽаƽףֱ̫ݳˣΪһĿռָֻжƽף߼һҲгʮƽ׵ġ
Ǯ˼Ҿǲһ·ôһֹţͻȻ𵱳ֵܻձ֯׷ɱһٶҹҹǲĲҰڶ⼸ľֱһΣȱ磬긽壬ٽǿ˹ֱ̫˼ˡ


7 ħ


һӿռָóһ׽»ϵףʼ˼Ժ·ôߡ۹ȻǲٴȥˣǵӦȥأȥߵİµ۹ϱߵ۹߸մܵԵһЩСȥԼԺӦʲôܾܲͿһϾҹһӰɣǿɲһԸ
ãһȻò⣬Ҳô࣬ȥеӶעΪһӶЩðյԼֻʵսв̡ܾ
½ְҵᣬħʦᣬӶᣬսʿᣬȵȣЩÿҵÿжоݵ㣬ÿҵĹᶼԳϵҶҵְͬҵе⡣
һֵĽָͻȻָԽٷ֮ʮԼβһأ˳㶷лڹʲô
һӿռָҳһѰ˸ߵľ޽һһпնȻʹһֻееѸٳӿһɫνâſ񱩵ƳĴȥ
âû֮У֮ź¡һڲըΪֲ
ĶҲһǴһİҪף԰ֻһмսʿԼôܷʿеĵأһڷϵĹѾ࣬Ҳֲˡ
һŸղŶͷԭ˶ڹڣڹڶ⣬ǡǡ෴Ȼڹڳڼ϶ڹεĵݽ䱾ʻǱȲڹصлؼģ˺һһڵˡ
ͰںأӦûɡһ룬ڿûʱȥоΪ뵽ΪѤĹǾħֻĹֶһǳȤӿռָҵһħţȲط
һûʶڿٶж죬˵һĿʮҲΪѾȫħԼûʶ
ãһһԭħʩҪþеħԪأӶͬЧħԪصĶҪǿ;ۼڵĸħԪصĶ٣ħʦ֮춼Ҫڤ;ۼϵħԪء
ҪħҪҪӵħʣҲ˵͸ħԪӦʣʵ˾ֻ޻ϵħϵħһֻͣڳ׶Ρӵħʵͨǧһݹݬ룬ħʦĵλ½Ƿǳߵġ˫Եħϡ٣ˣһǿ˵ǻϵϵ˫ϵʡ
һԼǲħʲ֪ľԲ
ҿһ¡һ૵ԺǱħϵĳħ
ԻϵİɣһϵħΰĻ񰡣ӡ
һȻֹ㶵ؿָĻ棬𾪵˵û˵ʼܷһͺܲˣôԼô
ʧȥһ֧ڿ֮УֻƮȥ
һعѵ˵ֻҪԺĬУĬﺰ
ϵأһСĻָϣѧˣ׼һŴһף򻮳һĻײȥžһĽڴһսӡӺɢʧˡ
ŷŻɱɱǲɱ˾̫ǿˡһЦϾǳħް
飬һԼħ츳Ϊ⣬֮ħ
ˮһһĬܵеˮԪѸپۼһˮˡ
һǹϵĳħһ׵͹ųָ䡣
ӵӿһǰ
ħﲢûаϵħħΪַǽħһʹþͻ⵽½ְҵԱļ׷ɱϡеľħͿռħֻһʴûʩŵ
ֳħҶóѵϵħʣһĵһ뵽пǲ½һϵħţ˷ֱܵ


8 ԡ


˷ܹһ侲ԲʩųħܴʲôΪÿһϵħʦϵĳħڴûоڤھۼħԪأмħʩŲԲܿ϶ǲԵħʡ
̫ӳϼͶʡ
ڲ֪Ǳʲôһ߹ٵרС·۹ߴǹǸȥǿ۹óļɢأ̶ȱҲ˶٣˵ǸУԲŽйǡ
һʲô֮ԱǣЩƨ񴿴ǺŪ˵ķ⽨ţ֮ѡҪΪſ۹ӶᣬҸֵȼǳ࣬ߵȼSSS͵FӦоС
ˣҪ¶޻ĽҰˣͷڽָװô߰Ķôû뵽ҪװԵأһͣ·ɱ૵ĵĲˣӶʵ֮ûԹŭҲʵڸЦռָƷһư̵ζӦооûʳҲ֪ôġ
ֱеʱһֻССеҰõĶּɴܶ÷ŵһϲ⣬ǬŲƵ׷ȥΪĵ̫أȻôҲ׷ϡ
һҪʱǳ͵ҰͻȻһתͣһ³һ֪ô׷ŵࡣ
⧲һǱһŶ˹ȥŴӼҰԭǵͼFħޣΪã˲ٶ죬Ժ׽סڷһ̻Ҫϰٸء
ħôôأħѵҾͲ𣿾Ȼɵɵ׷ôáһԼԴſˮǰζ
üһУͷ״һϮô׼һأ
ҵˮһһһˮȥڲԾ˰ˮٶޱȣƫеڻõԴϡ
ȻһϣڻǻԵģˮһˮһȻȫڵأûˡ
ŻҵɽһһذƤϴɾľᴩڲϿǰһʱҪҰ棬˵ĿұˣѾͷҪԡ
ߣһȻ̾һͶ̥ת˰ɡ
ҪҪСʱһûϴָ˴·ǵӱҪϴһ¡
ʲôĨһƮһĨۺĲƬһץ
Ů˵£һƬץ󾪵Բϴļ֪ǲ½ŮƷ˷ĸߵƷһġ
طǰŴŵģѵϴ裿һ²⵽ֻһ˷ĩ뿴ĽҰ⣬һĴˮԡ
һ˿ûвǰɫˣǰһڳʱȻҪ곡Ϸ͸Ůϴʡ
һץסţһĨŮӱǻֱĵףͻȻ㴼һɢ˻ζ
ƷƷ嵭㴼𡣡һ૵ʵղųڵ۵ļ䣬֪ΪʲôȥͲ֪Ůⷽȴĵһ
˿Ÿոðһǽסջηɱȥ֮󣬳һеʮ׸ߵٲԡŮӾԴͷ֮ڡ
һ㣬ڱϽδȥԴڻһѸٳԴͷȥ
ͻȻһŲͣȫǰʹţƫƫһŮ£ģ˵жж
Զˮ̶֮УһȫľŮԡһͷīɫĳʪڼϣԲļǰ໬壬ȻʧɫһȻֻܿŮĲ棬һȴ֪κŮ˶ҪƯȫɢʥĹԣ˲Ĥݵͷ
Ůˮ˫ĨԼ壬żֱʱǼͦͺڵһУ嶥ӣҷۺ죬ֱõһѪӿһ졣
ˣһѵһڿˮ˫Ŀͨ죬һͷǰ㶢Ů塣


9 


ϦڵƽֻʣµһȦΣõӳˮ̶ŮϣŮһѤУԵԽˡ
һקȭͷȫ΢΢Ѫŵһǿҵĳ嶯˹ȥŮƵǾŮݺ۳ҡκˮӶͷ£ģһ˫ۡ
ΪʲôΪʲôԼ˲أһﺰոаͷһֱһѾ͸ѪҺ֮С
һˮһĿȥ۾̱ԭŮˮӨ屩¶˿֮СǾӨ͸뵹ۣ΢ĴͦţţС羵ӰƽһܹĴС޳ɢĹҪһӲ濴һСǵشľëֱѪܱը
һĺ»ҽŲܿƵǰһС̫ˣҪܲˡ
Ůһһ򰶱ߣڣޣŲһһģһĶ˳
סŮڰߵ·﷭ŪţҲԼ¡ŮҲֻ󣬺ʱȣӦÿ
һŮʼ̧Ŵ㣬ĿʽǸеƥġһıϢʼͦȥ
Ůһ·ϣй¶ĴһֵĶҲԽԽʱŮһʱͷת˹һɷʱ类׻ᰡһһеˣۺһƬǽ塣
˭Ů쾪źȵ
һȫȥӰȰʧˣȻǽǬŲƳˡ
Ůɿ촩·һ׵ĹâڿƮ㳯һոնصĵطŮɫؿŵһŵ£ȻӢĩޣʲô׵˵һУȻ·£Ůۿһ
쵰ҲŹġŮȫֱŲµԼ˳Ʈ±һ˼ˣ˳͵ԼԡôҲ벻׵˭ͻµʥûбʥǹϵĸ߼ħħҪȻûһ˿ġɲ½Ѿûгħͽˣѵĸĸˣһ뵽һϹӣŮŭӡ
һɿصԭأԼȻһ͵ŮϴһŮοﲻɼ־ô̼֪ԼΪʲôֳ顣
壬ֻǿϧˡһҡҡͷ﷭Ż⣬ѾòˡһӿռָóĨϣʱ˵ŨüûгԶټϸոַһˮֱ
˺һֻҧţһԺȴŮӰ̾˿ҡͷ̾ϧԭŮһ߲һƬѪɫ̥ǣˣʹħûƬ̥Ǹöð
̥ǣ̥ǣһͻȻ͵½̻ʥŮ֮һ˿̺һɫ̥ǡ̻ʥŮֱǿ۹ĶܰԼĩıã˵Сಡ̻ʲ˹о۹Ĺ£һλǰµ۹˿̣˶ǹϵħţ˿Ϊף˵Դħʦĵȼʩʥħʦʩŵĸ߼ħ
뵽⣬һһ亹ȻϵħйûУϵ߼ħⱩʱ̶޴ʱ˿̴ţǽ治˵ء
˵ز˾·ҪһʣµĻռָվʱȫ
ͻȻмĿĹһΧ룬һŽ߼ۣͷӰòҲ֪Ǳ˿ɡ
һап࣬ȴûб¶ֻüʵ֪ħʦСкιɣ
˿ΧˣⷽԲ·һˣƾܴԼʥ𣿴ϸܲħĲҲûʲôԣӦòɡ
ʵһûħͶĲǰھתʱԶϵϢһ˺ѿ
˭Ϊʲô˿ʵ㲻ºҲûаøС


ʮ ʥŮ


һһЦŮ˺ԽǿʻֱǲһЦһ˫ɫ˿̸߸زͽ˫ƷģԺʱ˿͵û·һ
˿̸ܵһȵĿ⣬ʶ˫סظΪԼûµ鱻ˡ
˿̾ңɲǼʧڿ֮УΧͻȻһƬڰӨӨĿԣ˽һɲǵʧ
ɫǣ˿߳ŭغȵһ
һֱһûڣһůʸУԭ˿̷ŵľȻǹϵƷΪһǶ˿̲һ˿øУʥŮݵһϵɱ˺ȥˣȴûðȻԼɱ֣ҲɾŰ
һ֪Ǹղʵ˿̵̽ڹ͹ⱩʩʱΪƣΪô̵ľһ˶ʶȥ㣬ֻ㲻ŻܵĵֵһƺǱֵֵܵ˿̵Ϊ͵ϴĲǰû˿ħͨˡ
֪ΪΣ˿̵ͻȻܲѡԸǰɫɫ꿴Լ壬صϱ̬
㻹ûشҵ⣬˭Ϊʲô˿ΧĹţȴЩ
ȻħʦҲûشɡһ˫ֱأСƤʩˣҿûеūŵϰߣǻӣʲôʥŮƴҲҪ·δ֡
شҵ⣬ҾͣҾ͡˿̾˰춼ûͳûǷҲɱ˲ˣЩʮ֮ͽû˺һ޹ȻǰеɫеȷʵûشԼ⡣
ҪѾͷһشһ⣬ͻشһôһӣͻȻú̲ס붺
Ѿͷ֪˭𣿡˿̲޵߼ۼӶװ磬һһ޶ı־
˭һЦʣΪ⴫˵ĺʥŮжأԭҲͨСŮ˶
ǡΪʲôҪ㣬㶼û˭˿̰գĵ֪ԼΪʲôǰֲ侲
ǺðɣҽһԿ۹һЦŵ
˿̣µ۹˿̰ȻſһʧӣΪڲ½е඼ŷ񣬵ȻЩںڰڰħħ⡣˿žһ֪صװ磬Ҳܸ̻ʥŮĴɡ
˿̣һȻ
Ҿ˿̡˿еԵá
İ̫ˣĩŵϱҲ˿̣Ҵûɡһɷµʱ¶˷ڴɫһǰССǵάάФ
˿һͣʶؾΪһˣò뽫ͷһıֲٵģֻǵԵͲ֪˦ĸȥˣʼԼ֪ǷԼôߡ
Ҳ˵Ǹ˿̣Ҫҡ˿ҧгݵ
Ŷ㲻ǡһؿһ
һ仰˿̲ûιȥôȥᱻ衣
ǹ̻ʥŮ˿̣֪𣿡˿һƽԼ顣
̻ʥŮ֪˿̵ֻ֪ĩŵϱһǺɵЦ
㡭ȥˡ˿̱ÿץˣɱˣһѾһˣһʩչƮȥһԽԶԽá
ιǸ˿̣ȵȣ㲻Ὣһ޸֮ͨ˶ɽҰɣ˵кܶµħޣһᱻԵġһߣæװһӡòҵһ飬һʥŮ֮һ˿̣ôأԼ鷳ǻٺܶ࣬˵ʱҲ
˿̵һ٣ԥ
㲻˵ʥŮʥŮǴȱΪΪֵģѵǼðģһһɡ
ҵȻǼðģֻȻ޸֮ôģ˿ɻûΣһ©Ҫ֪ĳطͨҲҪ϶죬ĽҰħ࣬·ȻЩҳ࣬ôħ޶ɡ


11 ȴ


һ㶣û뵽ʥŮеӦеġһתһںߵǴǸȥǼĩŵϱ˿̵ģĸ˵ˣҵȻļˣΪ˸ʱֻС·ˡ˭֪ڽ磬һֻ޴ɫҴӵץɵ⸽ֽҿƽʱ˲٣Ŵ֦סˣűסһ
ɫѵԦӥ⵹Ǻпܡ˿̵ͷԦӥǸ߼ϵħޣٶȷǳ죬һ˫צܿʯܷķУҲǻ֮̽еķϵħ
һͲûˣ˿Ȼ𣬵ȴһ٣ȻĹ
ȻᣬҲǹͽټͬ·ķϣͺһ·ˣ̫ˣ¶һˡ˿̵
һȻûκ飬ԭʹ¶޻ĽҰģֻͬǶһŮˣһʥŮǿɫ̥ǣ˿̿˵ŮˣһǴΪеϧ
ΰĹ񰡣͸ͽʥһаʥ硣˿ţһ׵Ĺâգʧˡ
ʲôħôһ㷴ӦûУһʵ
˿̰һһ۵㶮ʲôʥ͸ģϵȻˣ㿴˿̼һ֦ǰȥ֦ڿоײһ͸ĲһȻ
һȻûɰ˿̼Ȼʥ磬Ϊʲôϴʱ򲻲һأԼֱײȥ۸ϸ룬һ־ò̫ԣʱԼԾٲϷʱ򣬵ȷиоһҲֻôһ£Լʱûô࣬ѵʥûã
һһ㵣˿̻ΪǱԼķˣʥʥħΪĵطΪһֻħʦʩħȴԴħʦĵȼʩţȻΪ˶еԺˡ
Ÿ־Ǻðҿ԰ĵ˯þˡһЩĲɣԼǲĿԴʥ磬ڲܣҪ˿̿϶ɡ
һһ£ûмˣ˿װʵվǶԱ͵һ¹ڻȻµ۹Ů֮Ľȿ۹ĹҪһЩҲֻԶԣڲ½κһҵŮ˶඼ñȽأֻǿ۹
ˣûаΨһ˾ˣôˣѵˣһɫĻش𣬴Ҳ֪͵ϴԼ
ŶˣҵÿʼڤˣԼҸ˯ɡ˿̵ɫд˲Ȼһ±۾ڤ״̬ӨӨתŽ׹Ρ
һ֪ڤ״̬µħʦûǿҵĲһǲѵģһߵղ赲֦ĵطӦþʥıԵˡһͷ˿˿̣ǰԼ˫֣Ȼоʲôǰ棬һȴ㶫˵ֱֽΪ׾˳ȥʶһ˻оء
һȤԼĶнߵĻǾˬˡֽ˼Σһжǰ֣һϽʱתԶħͬһŽ翿һϣʱ͵ʧˡ
һڶԼķ˷ܵͬʱֶ˿̲һ˿ĪĵģѾͷҲ̫˰ɣԼûд͸ƾ˿̲ǰڤ룬дĻԼԲˡ
˼һĵһ˿Ա߷˿һŮ㣬һ˰ʱ续һԡͼаֱð
˦˦ͷҪҡȥԺаͷһͻȻԼǲҲӦڤأڽ˵һԶ˳žתǰѾ˵㣬½㲢ѣȱľսй̺õħ˰Ľȡ
ϵڤ뷽һ۾ԼҲǾܿеħԪأһ˵ԼǻϵħʣôɫĻϵħԪرռλϵģȻǻɫϵħԪΪˣȻ


12 ׵


ħڹ֮ͬЧħڤڹ붨Ķģֻƽ˲ܲţȤУһܿڤ״̬
ʶһۼźܶдϵĹ㣬˵տʼʱһƬڰ
һɻؿЩɫĹ㣬ͻȻоϤոճָоͷЩܵ뷨ʼƮڸһ㡣һһͻȻ˽ǽϱԼյĵѵЩЩΪʲôԼʶУϲ˵ֻܹԼյħԪЩɫ㲻ҲħԪذɣϿû˵ôһֵħԪذ
᲻ǵϵħԪأһ˵ϳܹõļϵħ⣬пܻĩ֪ȴǵķϵǡþ֮һɡ
һ˷ʱ俼ٻһ¿еħԪأԼϵħʡһǿľպţȻ䣬һоƬض˾ĹһɫĹӿʶУӺɫĹ㣬ɫĹ㣬ɫĹ㻹ŨİԪضȺӿ˽ΪؾۼһŸϵħԪھۼԽԽ죬һַɫĹ㣬һʹʶɫ㣬һǴĩɫ㣬ֹȷʵ·ֵħԪء
ǺãСһǡһʶЩħԪشкڲͬ˵ħԪûģܵЩϲȸԾԼ¶
ȻڽܵһѺõϢ󣬸ϵħԪؾۼĸӿˣһʱ۾ͻᷢԼŸɫĹâԲڵħԪسӿ
һħԪصĿУ֪˶ãһøϵħԪؾۼٶԽԽһ˹ʵ֮ħԪصٶԽΪԲڵħԪؾۼٶ̫һʱ䲻ΪÿʱһͶȣһ˾˵ٶȺʵ̫ˣ˵½Ҳڶ
ʱŸոɷΪ£سŸ׵Ұڳ¶Ȼš
һһͦվغȾ¿ǰĵµĿ
˿Ȼ붨״̬е˿̣һҪһ±ԼĵϵħԪػɫĲ֪ϵħԪء
ԵϵħһЩɫĹ㣬һһָܳ
ѵǵϵħһ㶵룬ܾħӦô򵥣ץͷƤ˰죬һȻһԴ֪ˣָ䷢ĵԼʹڵĵϵħԪأ֮ʶɫһ֣ħԼϵħԪеħԪزӶ޴ĸħ
ԼǰǱ׵ʣ֪׵жô޴һԼڵĵϵħԪ޴׵繥ǳһǳ𺶡Ժ˭ˬ׵ģҲˬ
ĶжһʼʶָڵϵħԪͬԪءֶ㲻ΪʲôʩħҪһ߳ɬѵͲ𣿴ʱҲûô࣬µһħ
һܵˣܵ˿еĵϵħԪܵڵϵħԪصٻʼۼʱջö˶˵ͻȻƣԽԽڵѹ͸пɼǵ⡣
ҪɹˣһϲۼԼҪһ޴ħ׵ϵħɾһΪһѣĿҪԼָĿʱüһ飬ո׼ƺԤ׵ɢȥˣָֻֿʼ˸質ղŵһֻǾһξ
һ̽һʶŷֿƺͦĵϵħԪؾȻֻʣƮǣԼʶôħԪؾʩһ׵һЩȻΪԼأԭһСħŲ
ʵһ֪ˣ׵ôԾͲǻЩȣڤһϾͲɹʩһǰĩе׵Ҫڱˡ


13 էй


ȻϵħûгɹǾʶɫħԪذɣ֪ϵġ
һľŸոշųŨɫԪؾʹ˷ӿۼڿеȴһָʾ
һ֪ϵħԪذҲ֪תΪĹۿɫħԪԽԽ࣬Ͷҽһһֺһӡ
ɾҵһصĺʥͻȻһ磬Ƿɳʯ̳졣ÿҲȥÿ죬һг䶨һһŴͣӶɵ˵ϡ
ֻڤ˿һҳĩµĶϻմżƬҶȻҪĻǴʱ˿⣬¶ǰشƬѩ׼ǷӨûд¶¶룬֮һĿܿ鶥һĨΡ
龰һûεһ浱ȻǰĴ̼ģһŵģ˿ڴʱ׾군ˡ
һľ˰죬ʼ侲ˣôȰɡҪһݽƵˣһԺͻȻðһа뷨ܿͱᶨ־ѹȥĳЩӡٹˣЩ뷨ͳ嶯ȫһֱܷӦ
һҲʲô˾ӣһŵس˿ȥһſˮ˿й¶Ĵ⡣ײɵӲŲ
ߵ˿̵߶һһȲһҪ뿴˿ذ¶ĴɫֱǹǶ־ǷӨѩ׼һͷĿѣ
ǧѹǧѹһţ˫˿̵ظˣˡ
һץסˣ̫̼ˣץס˿̱紵ߵ½м£ָ⡱زѩ׵ļǻ壬պ˿񶼹֮޲
ڴʱһֻͷһ飬̧ͷһö˿͸ɴɱĿ⡣
ɫǣȥɡ˿֮¾ȻħһСһ㽫һƵڵأץӡ
һ֮±˿ѹţħʦ˵ࡣһӦûн˿ƿװģĴôҲˬа
һȻˬˣܲˬ˿ʱ½ǿŵģһ֣ǿȫˣһ۾һʹࡱĶֱֻͦ鲻šһˬ˿̻ԲβСϣץӶһһµĦһͼӲض˿̵η֮䣬Ǹожĩֱȴһζͷ
˵˿̸տʼĩԼ˽ܴǸȵ£÷йһڲףҲӦԼʲôҲע⵽һ۾Լ¶ظſˮ
һļлƲ񷣬˿˫ֺ£½ҵҪһԽžԽңվҪ˿ҽһһˤڵء
˿Լ쵽죬˿ԼӣǰһֻԶԶ͵ڵãһ˵ĶȻԼ˵ĵط˿һʱرϥӵ
һŲ֪룬ǹֵ꣬ĺҲֻߵһ𳤴ֵ֪ܲһȴôһĵطΪ֪һһѣľͻú
Ȼദ̶һϣһȴο߸ʥŮ壬˽ܵĵطܽӴˣһ˿̲һԤռԼҲѾ˿̵ԼŮˣô
˿̣Ľû°ɣҰ㿴һ˿̵ļúᡣ
Ҫܣ쵰ô㣬ȴ¡˿Ŀһ֣ʱһίСŮǹ̻ʥŮ֮һ˿̣ӵдħʦȼŷʦ
ԩҿʲôûոһ·ˡģֻ뽫·ãΰ˭֪þʱ˹һ͵ֻɲ˵ǿʩųħ
㡣˿̼ţʵһĽͣ˿ʶؾˣΪոҲԼ·һĻҳסԴ֮Ҳû취ε飬֪ӦôһҲֻмװˡ


14 Īϰ


ˣҰࡣһ˿̵ĿŪЩķңɷ˵ץҽţЩ³ȥЬࡣһֻѩ׾ӨһǰֺСɣ費ߵؾţҾɢŵ㡣
Ѿͷ滨ݽŰɣһֹš
㡭ʲôְ֣ĩɵ˿÷һɫһһ죬ƺŭƽţôƵöһأ
ʲôʲôû㿴𣿱Ҷһôڽ״˴Ƭأ˿̧ͷһۡ
ҡ㡭˿̱һ׺ݵһͰ˵һʱ˫Ľϣ˿˿н״ɢеѪ˿̾һŵͷŽ׵һü临ӡ
ãǺ״һɢ»ָһȥ̧ͷ˿Цˣڲ˰ɡ
˿̲˵ֻؿǰЦǳ꣬΢ɲضһ¡
˿̣㿴ҸʲôҪ̫ңһ᲻˼ġһЦ
ңѵϳˣһô˿ǰ˻Σֱֹ
˿Ŀһ֣۾ȴȻĿתضƽһ֪µ۹Ī𣿡
Ī壿ҵȻ֪ǰµ۹ܹŹֵһ˵ƨĺܣǳħʦͼʥ𣿡һ̴ӼڳĪϣȻģһĶĹ۵㡣
ףȵȡһԼִԼ֪ĪһҪǸһͷīɫͷȻʱ˿̴Ŷͷһ͵ϴģȷȷʵʵһͷǳƯī̳
ѵĪģһʵ
˿̵ͷ
ôһɻʡ
֪Īϰ𣿡˿̵ʵһ˫ĿȻɴһ
һ㶣ְס̫Ѩ˼ţϵıԽԽŹ֣ԭĪŮ˵ĽֻɷĩŮ˵ĽűֱӴˣôѡһǼ޸ɱɱˣôĪͻ׷ɱֱ˱ɱΪֹ
ҵ찡ôֲ⽨Ҫðһ˳˿̣ԼղĽţǼ޸ԼǽԼɱأȻҲɱ˲С
Ѿ֪ˣô죿˿Ȼǵ·һ˲ֱǸ߸ϵʥŮ
ҲһЦ
ǾǴȢˣ˿̵Щˡ
һ˰죬ȴ֪Ӧ˵ЩʲôȢǸ˵Ѫɫ̥һԥˣĸ˲ϣԼŮɣȢ˵ȥ˵ı˱Լռˣ˵ԼҲһĺøС
㲻Ȣ˿̼һԥɷʱɭӨתǿʼۼħԪˡ
л˵Ҫ嶯嶯ħһ鼱֮ǰץס˿̵˫֡
˿һ¼ҲץסŤͷߵ㻹˵ʲôȢҾҪҺҵ׷ɱֱΪֹ
һ⣬ϲ𣿡һɫʵ벻Ҳб˱ƻһ졣
˿һ㶣òŵᡣ
㿴㶼ֻǲҶѣϲ˶ǣǡ
û˵꣬˿̾ʹϵֻһҵĽš
һ˼̾˿̣޸ңĳһְһˣô죿ʱʹҲʹࡣ
ҡ˿̳ĬˣĸŮϣԼӣȻҸһһӡұ֤Ժ󲻻ᰮϱˣΪڵĸ绹һƬհס
˵ô졣˿̧ͷʵ
ǿһΪޣʱȻҲûаϱˣҶȢġһ˵
㶼ûҵӣҳúܳҲȢ𣿡˿̵ЩڴҲЩ塣
һЦЦȻȢʱ㳤øĸҹһҲȢ㡣
Ÿĸҹһأҵˮ˿ŭһһˮһ˦
һ㲻һ˸šһ˦˦ͷϵˮЦɡ
ȥ汿ˮ㲻˿û
ǱִʥŮߣұһҲνˡ鷳ʱһɵһ˵Ц¡


15 ̹


ƶ䣬֮佣ŵʧΡɻûһ˿ͻȻʵȢңĩô죿
ĩޣʲôĩޡһһʱ֮ûзӦʱ˵ڣ벹Ҳˡ
ǡŶ֪ˣԭոȫƭңҵ֡˿վŭʱֱƭĸо
̻ʥŮĴ˭˲ֻ֪ǿʢ˸߸ϵӲ̲סˣˣ㡣һס˿̵ֵһƢƲס˦ⱩһԼһİסǲˡ
ʢ˸߸ϰֻһ˿ԽԽС˵еʢ˵ζ
ٺ٣ףҶס̫ôˣǲǸø·˰һЦ˿ЩҲٽ⡣
ȵȡ˿̽סһ
һüɻ֪ʲô¡
ҡҪʵң㵽ûĩް˿Ťʵ
ĩްһţôһ׮СµףϹСϹܿһ벻ˣֻģǵǸСĿɰСŮϹܿʮҪԼϹϼһȻͬ⣬Ϲż岢Ĵ壬˥ܹżϹϵĻôأ
иʽϵĩޣϲңҪԼҿ⵵ʮа˾ųɲˡһʵʵ˵Ŀǰȷʵ̫ܺϹܿɻ飬Լڿӷٹʹ޵
ϲϲ˿׷ʣʽйܼŵζ
ʲôǲ˻̸ʲôϲ㲻ԴװɡһЦ
ųĴء˿һȴЩ
ˣˣǿ˰ɡһ
ȵȡ˿һνסһ
ôˣʥŮ¡һʵ
˿վԭأһ˫ֱֱһƺԥʲôһ״Ҳ˴۵С۵Ϸ
ڣ˿ĵһȻ֪ңҲӦ֪ҳʲôɡ
һһ㶣ͷβסź
˿̵Сֻ񣬿뽫ժһĲһ˵Щʲôվû˵ڣֻЩŵؿ˿̣ﾹЩ
·Ӱһ㣬˿̵Сץס˶ıԵ𡣻һͷ̵ĳһ˦˳
һؿ˿̣е޷Ԥ˿̲˭Ů׶һĸܡ˿Ͼģͷһͷֱֱ䣬ǵߵʵʥļ볤ۣһŮ·
һ뷨ܿˣΪ˿ѾȫǿѪɫ̥ԵĴۺ͹졣
˿һһһϿʲô顣һԽԽǿѪɫ̥ҲһԽԽؿ̥ϰ͹ƽϸС
һ̣һеͷĳ嶯Լĵһ˿оȴһ˿˵һݺԼ⡣
һôô룬ʲôʸȥˣǰǳʲôɣ˿Ҳò˶ٰɣСֵ𣿡һݺݵԼǰһͳöԲڣϻһİ̺ۣȷʵ˿̺ò˶٣˼˿ٴҲ࿴ȥɣǰһۺῴһࡣ
ҷʡ֮һľ˱仯˿̿Ҳôѿˣر˫۾ǿһˣ񡭡һȻһڱǿ֮ǰ˫ǿյӡ
˿̿һͻȻһʹ֮ɫ˴Щɻˡոתʱһŵ֮ɫ֮ܿɫʧˣȡ֮ǰûںϧһ˿֪˸У·һ±ʮ꣬ǲȻһļ¡
һйµˣ˿롣
һľܿǶζΰĻѹһսЦŶ˿̵סҾҿ̥𣿱ҫˣҲûʲôر
㲻ô˿ʵһӿʼ
£ΪʲôҪ£Ϊܿ𣿱ˣ·ɡһм˿̵תǰȥ
쵰˿ҧ´űһĹĵӿһ˿Եۡ


16 ǬŲ


˿˶񣬸ȥһߣҪߵ²ܹǰ
һͷЦô죬ҿɲһɡ
ҿɲɣֻǵȼﵽħʦ֮ѧƮֻܷ·ҡ˿̴ЩԺϾʹﵽħʦȼָ˿۹Сеλħʦ֮һĻϵħʦ˹Ů֮⣬Ĵħʦʮͷ̫ǹ̻ʥŮܰҲֻǸ߼ħʦѡ
֪ûħǿһڿзеġһ૵˵ﵽ߲ͿܣҪﵽ־̸أ
㵹룬ħ˿̵˵ͻȻͣһֽŵħеĻǿ϶ǷϵħĪˡ
ϵħħ𣿡һһ㶣˽һĻףɫħԪأǷǷϵħԪأ
϶еģ峤˵粻зϵħ׵ϵħأͷԦӥǷϵħޣϵħйлçԭĿޣʹ׵ϵķ˵ϵħǴڵģֻǻ֪ôʹðˡ˿̽͵Īһֱоĩ֪ħĿǰΪֹûʲôչ
˿̵ĻһһԼյɫɫ㣬ʮа˾ž׵ϵͷϵħԪˡ
ϵħУγɷйԼôû뵽أһ룬ܿ뵽ϵħγ磬籩ȡԽԽ˷ܵ˿ûע⵽ǰһѷ졣
˿ͣһɵЦĺ֪زѷһߵңˤ㡣
һ֪˿̵뷨»̾ӳϲңΨСŮҲ
һһŲѷ죬ʱʧȥƽ⣬һܲŹ۵ˤȥ
˿͵ЦȻһˤµطһʯͷһҪˤ棬Ҳð˿̾ʧ룬ʱĻǿʩһܵһ£ʱʱﰡ鼱֮µһöӨתĽָʦ̻ʥ֮һϷӡʥ⻤ܣǹϵħʦܹʹõռħΣʱ̾õġ
˿׼ųʥ⻤ܵʱһ׹ȴӲڰжסһŵ棬εضڿƷ˶ת֮ƮȻأĩ˻ϵĻҳ
˿̵ɴ۾һ֮ɫʲôʲôûжĲҲûħĲƫôսʿϵְҵǴ󿪴ϣһƾĺûԼȼĳ̶Ⱦʤʤǿ֮˵
ʲô˿һո¶һ־ܹͨģͨһԾô߲һ˼һдģ
һЦû뵽鼱֮¾Ȼ¶ˣڵûʲôֻƽʱûġ
˿ɻؿ˿һȻͷпֻȭȻȥѧ⿴ͦÿģƮƮĿ϶˲ˡ
ʱؼɵĹʽٹ̣˿Ҳⲻ˼Ӱ죬ȻΪһݵ˲ˡймҿղһ֣ضᾪȵĴ찡ǬŲơ
ǬŲлṦ֮˲Ƽףǵûܵ
˿ۣһҲ磬ЦЦǰںܺأʱôûѧħ߶أ˿̣㲻ǴħʦҪ̽ң
˿̳һ˵ûħʵĲ飿
һ۾һתЦǵǰһǹϵġ
ģ˿̾ȵӵħʵ˾ͼΪϡ٣û뵽ȻǹϵħҪٵöʡ
ȻʲԣΪʲôûȥѧԺѧϰ˿ɻħʦϡԼھϾصĵλÿҵСʮʱҪħʲԣӵħʵˣǹұḺȫѧϰãһҲ˵ħʦ½ĵλ
һӼҲ֪ȷôһ£شʱ̰治ѧҲ֪ѧϰħܿġ
ҲûԵˣˣѧҾͽɣȵȸ·˿Ҳûȥ
һʼ磬תǰȥͻȻһ󵭵Ϯһֻϣֻ屻һɴܵ˿Уڿж˶ٺǰƮɶȥ


17 ֮1


һʱһܿ㷴Ӧ˿ƯСŵ㣬ֱ϶ŵһвһ鲻Խ˿Ͽ˿
쵰ҶʲôҶͰȥ˿ߺû뵽һôʵȻɫֱʵظĥĥȥĸоŭ
һٺٸЦĩ𻰣ȴʵ࣬Ȼһ֮ϣȴҲҶˡ
˴·ң˿̾Щˣһ˵Ļɷ·һ֮ħĵļΪѸ١
ˣôء˿̱ԹʼѰҽĵص㡣
ǰ֪ո˭ڿҪ޸ң㲻ĸ𣿡һЦʥŮĸо治
˿һץһСһΣһʱڿа˰ڡ
Ҫ֣˵ġһװֵĴУ˫־һ½Ӳ෽ס˿̣һֻɵòɵش˿Ҹ°ֵʮ֮ϡ
֣ҷ֡˿ŭӡ
ţһˤġһ͵Цţ˿ϵĴֻ˽
˿̻һҪ֪ûд£ŮеĵطеԼСӣҸ·һָ֮䡣˿ȫĸоţ岻̼ҡҡλγ׹ȥ
һ廤ס˿̣һŵڵϹȦ˵ʱǺܸߣһڹ壬һ¶ûС
צÿ㻹û𣿡һе˿
һڨڨɿ֣޹Ҳǹġ
֪˿̺һתͷҲ֪ʲôζԼӦģɲ֪Ϊʲô᲻ŭ֮еǺռ˺ܴأĩʲôԼǲеϲˡ
һٺһЦȷʵġƣ׵Ĵкƺϡ
˿̼һᱡվһ̧һһ
һЦһԵͷϷɹɭС
ۣҷŻɭֻô죿һЦ
˿̺һٽŷżͻȻɭﴫһ޺õ涼ϵҶ֦׷¡һֻ׶ߵɫܿ񱩵ײƬľ˳׺ݵһ˿̣һһһۼķսëǱ˿̵Ļˡ
˿ɫһ䣬ãǴ֮ܣǿܡ
֮ܣһӼ֪BϽħޣһͭƤǵǹ룬ϵĸ߼ħ˿̵״̬ڵ߷ʱҲҶԺϵħǺڰħĿǣɫǿķǻϵˮϵĪ
һ˿̿ʼ񱼣Ц֮Լһİȥ
Ǵܼ֮ܣϷɫĹâ߸߾ֻ޴צһڵϡ
һҵ𶯣ȳյشӵϷеˡ
ΰĹ񰡣ʵһаʥ硣˿̿ʥ罫˻סڽϣһˮ״Ĳơ
ҿµʲô갡һŲϴӿµЦǰĹʮ֮Ҳʰڲһİֻ൱ǰļʮ֮һ
ڣһʥʱ粨һˡ
˿̣ǸϿƯܰɡһ
˿һ̾ĵҸոѽħĵòˣˡ
ŲԶ֮һ̾һصƴˡ
ʱ˿һһֽ̧ͷϵĶתһһס𣿡
һ֪νصͷٴοʹħںϵﾹӿһ˿ů⡣
Ͽ߰ɣֵ֮ܡ˿һ粽һǰ棬ְâһһͨī̵ķ̳ȶ׵ĹϵħɵâħЩħ˶ǹϵBħ޵ħˣٷ֮ʮĹϵħҲǲ½ķΪȣ˿̵ʦʥϵŴ˿̵ġ


18 ֮2


ΰĹ񰡣ҳϵʥĹϴһеаʥҫ졣˿̸߾ŹȣһϵһȦһȦʥĹԴԴϵشӹɢ
ֻһȦȦʥڿ񱩵Ĵ֮ϣѪ˫Ŀͣ޴屻ʥ⻺ȥ
˿ʩŵǿĹħȿԾֿγʥ˿ֻܿʥҫħʱҲֻһʱˣ˿֪ʱʩǿĹϵħҲκβ˴֮ܣֻϣܹΪһȡһʱܣʱԸ
һŵǰ۽ǽסЩʪˣҪ֪ǸķʦʱľٶԼİȫΪһħľᱻ񱩵Ĵ֮˺Ƭ˿ȢȢһᶨػش𣺡ȢȢ˵
ۼ˿ֹϵʥԽԽļٵһǿԼ侲۲֮ܵģд֮ȫ¶ӲƤѰҲѿƷֺ
˿̸оԼħԽԽˣתͷ뿴һûУȴһͷԼͷԵվԭɵɵŴ֮ܡ˿һһĪɵˣûԼŬǰ׷ˡ
쵰ôܡ˿̺ˮۿ
椱죬˭ΪΰǰģҪ˻һ𣿡һȵ۾ȴͣڴ֮ϴת
㡭ɵϣǾһˡ˿̻ˮħѽӽݽˣһĻ鼴ŭۡΪʲôߣԼûпˡ
ʱ˿̵ħںľʥ͸ֱʧ֮ʧȥʥԼ˻ĴԴǰһŮֱÿ
һһ̹˿񱼹Ĵ֮ܣ񽥽ñ䣬ʧȴ棬Ǿǿ߲еơ
ܵһ˷µϢ֮ܵĶһʮ׿ͣʮֻѪӵС࣬׸ոջСһôһ±Σһ㼶ϸߵħ޶һ̣ԽҲԽߣܸ֮ܵǿߵƱܵͣ
һŴ֮ܣֻСǰ̽һֻȴڵë׵βϡһ۾һ֪֮ܵˣǾƨۣȫµǹ룬϶ĺܣҪҲ᱾ܵػס
ΪǿꡣһǬŲƵһ˴֮ܵ󡣿ɱ𿴴֮Ӵ󣬵ķӦҲһֻ޴λΨһϡ
һһ֮ϣֻһ޴ķĿӿƱü顣
Ȼ˵ЧȴЩһϣֻһƵĴ֮һıһòڵϣȻ岢ˣһȷһǰ˶١
֮һ³˴ŭѣһһ˫޴档
ˣʮͻ̴ӵð𣬾Ȼϵ߼ħͻ̣һһ֮յر˿ƾѸݵһʱƵ֮ܵôƣҲṥš
˿㶵ؿӰһζӰеľԸӣûп˭ôٶȣսʿӵٶȣǾħʦĿǡʲôˣ˿̵Щˡ
һŴ֮תȦʼЩӲˣȥԼӶˡʱһȻ֮ܵβŴ¶һϲȫȭг֮ܵƨۺȥ
ǣ֮ܵͻȻһףӷһƹһϡһֻһͣǻƹǧʯѹһ㣬·
һСģϵħ˿̾Ǻľħһʥ⾻ɽʱʶտҰҲֻмøɵˡ
Ҳ٣ħҲ֪ˣթһڷת
ܼ֮õУ˷ܵؿһ˹
Ҫ˿̾شУˮһӿ˳·Ԥһҵ³´ŵײײزܲ˵س˹ȥ
Ŵ֮ӴһŵŴȳζЦˣǵģЦˣЦúܹ졣


19 ֮3


˿̷س˹ȥ֮Ӵһ˵ѹϣپѣת
һ˿˹ȥ˫ִŴ֮ܵıһ߿޺һ֡
ʲôްһûأԺٿҲٰһӴ֮ܵ´˳
˿̵Ŀһ٣ŷӦԾ֮ôڵһҲأ뵽һûӦ÷ĵ˿ȴ۵һ޵øˡ
˿̣ſްٿȥҲ֮ѹҲҪˡһĺЩˣ֮ǧѹôˡ
ᡣ˿Ĩһʼæҵ뽫һӴ֮ܵϳʱ˿̵ħѻָһ֣˺ôʹÿһؼա
ʱһǱǹѪ˿ͷ棬һ·Ҳơ
һոҡҡλδӵ˿̾ʹĻһ˿ôһ壬§ŵȥڵϹ˼Ȧ
ӴϹͷҪɢˡһƺһʹ
ԲҲǹġ˿˵Ŵַ
һͷ˿滨ȻһЩֲѪɫ̥ǣ˿̿һȴһ˿С
ԭʥŮҲôޱӵģѽСèˡһظ˿̵Լķʽο
Сèأ˿ΪЦһСְסһϵĴ֣Ըߡ
ҵŮ˰ɡһѿϲûдﵽĳ̶ȣŮȥ
˿̽һӵضһκ±ᣬûдһʵôѴ֮ɱģҵʱΪ
ΪһᱻǴһ˺ƬǰɣȻƻôȵùأʱҡһ˿һҲû׷ŮˣʼĭɵղǾֵΡ
ԭһתʱͷͬҲ֮ͬʩϵħ֮ԵóʶֱʱһһһĲһŸϵħһ͵͵ӿռָóһѾ޽ڴ֮һɲǣһڽħˣѸײڶ֮ƽŵľ޽˴֮ܺ޷ƨ
ƻǿƣ֮Ȼǹ룬ȴħûʲô˲ͽȫʳӡ
һȻ֪û£ҲΪһ亹֪һ˵ɣȴǾ֣һʧܾҪĴۡתͷ֮ܵʬȥβ¶һвѾȫûڡ
һǿȥ֮ܵħóɣһħٿ˰Ͼء˿̴һĻ˷ܵس˹ȥ
һ˿̵ıӰüͷ壬ѾͷأǿװЦôùԼأ
ʱһҲָһЩСؽ֮ܵƤߵļƷϡ֮ƤȻǳӲһϳ̵ľŰ֮һԴڳһɫħˣһǮ
ףһʲô˿һָŴ֮ѪģĶӵ
һȥиһž޽ŪţһԲεƬĶǰ͵ʥ⡣һ˿̶һۣԿԷе𾪣ⶫɵҲ֪Ǹ
ǿĹħϢⱦôڴ֮ܵĶأ˿һ𾪵
һʰһƬԼήٵľʱһǺöһݸ˿ЦǹϵħʦⶫʺˣŰɡ
˿ȴʯһĶ˻ҡͷ㲻ѧϵħôŰɡ
һ۹ҲûƴǣƤħʯһԵӽ˿ռָ
߰ɣǵø·ˣֿˣȥǵʲôʱܵǰ˿̵
Ϣôã˿̵ħҲָ˴롣סһƯԶȥУһɫ§ס˿̵۶˿̾Ȼûг飬ֻǽεذһռˡ
ֽʱһӰس˴֮ܵʬԱߣӰһۣͷҲźɫĶȫɢŨĺڰϢ
ȻһߡӰһһʧԭء


20 뱧˯


Ưŷ˼Σ˿Ѿǳƣˡһ״Ҳţ˿Ѿɫ˿˿̣ɣɫѾˣǵҴˮԴĵط
㱳ң˿¶һ˿⡣
ĥˣ㿴ʲôŽٶȡһ˿̶ͷߴ˿̡
˿̺׵ıҧ´ԥһſһʵıϣеһġ
һ˿һľֻסԵԲΣǬŲƵΪһǰȥ
˿̾ſһıϣβĻϵĺϼһֱûɢ
ԶıǸжð˿૵ֻ§һĲҲľѴ
һ˿һ۵糸Ŀ񱼣Ҫʱҵһ峺ĺʱɫȫ˿̴һ£֪ͳһ׵˿һͷϵĺա
ŵ㣬һһץס˿̵֣ȵ˿̣ǰȥŨϢΧ˿̣ԽԽĿһ룬΢΢ű۾΢̧׵ȴǵĽ١
ڣƬȵĴһһ˱ţ˫۽§ס˿̵ķ۱ҪԼ塣˿̵ԽֻضתһŷҪ
أһһ˫צʼ˿̵ķ۱ƣ¸̶ֳͦԵѩΡ˿̰һһɵͷû룬Ӷ˿ССֵ࣬ȴţη»صŮء
˿̻һ飬һҧȥһѪУ˿һҧʹһסͣ⴫ζǱ˿̸ҧˡ
ҧ㣬㻹ᱡҡ˿ɫ˿εذһһۡ
ҵŮôܽᱡأһƤ
˭ŮˣҪ˿һ˿Ȼ
˿쳣ı鲢ûӹһ۾Ϊʲô֮ǰһֱҪȢ˿Ϊʲôһᵽ¾תƻ⣬ӲԼⰡ
˿̣㡭һ̲סˡ
һû˵˿̾;ŵشϵһҪʣ㲻Ҫʺ𣿡
һ˸£ЦҪʲôֻ˵ô࣬ǲһȥϴԧԡ
źϴԧԡţϴҵȥϴ˿̿ԼҲȷʵң϶ʱһܡ
һϴһҪҴ걳ءһЦ
ĵȥˣ㲻׼͵˿̾
͵Ͳһˣ뿴Ҳˡһʼ硣
˿̵һһȥͻȻһתһ쵰ΪҲ֪ϴξ㡣
һ䣬˿̵ӰѾˡһЦһô֪ϴ͵Լأһȥ·һԾˮУϴ۹һһˬžƮˮУǷ˴
ͻȻһĪһ䣬иӦΣһܾ˿̵ıЩ̫ԾҲôһָо˿Ҫ뿪
̾һһûȥ鿴֪ҪߣҲסԷû׼һֺαǿأһж˳Ȼɡ
ӿռָͳǿڴ֮ܶҵƬһתоֻƬɢ͵ʥâͨ徧ӨҲһ˿ʣǿĹħϢ˸оʮڷϿ϶Ҫ˿̵ĹȺõöࡣһ΢΢һЦҪƬ˿һȡ
ôûϴ갡ǱŮ˻鷳˿ԶԶվڰߣһͷī̵ĳʪʪ䣬ոԡɢ˵ǹ¸ԵƮݳֱһԲ
һӿռָóһ·ϣϻµһʲ棬˿Ŀһ롣
ɫˣ˯ɡһǰӺס˿̵ԶҲŲ㡣
˯˯˯ʲôңһҪڤأ˿̽һͰ͵
ͲҪ˰ɣ뱧˯һ˿̵Ķ


21 


еĶһϮ˿ֻеһǿҵĵڣطƮһЩ顱ɫʵĻ˿̸վȣߵöȾһõ죬Ҫѣȴһýġ
ֶֻܱܶš˿͵Լ
Ȼұ֤˾ôأһ˿ͬϽ˫˫ŷġ
˿̰һһۣ˾ûɫˣ˶ռˡ
ѰһյأһͻȻص˿̱ȱ۾
ʲôġ˿űĽëһ£˼
һô˴עֱӺ˿˵ĺɫ̥ǣֻһʶΪһҴߣעǷ˿ϵ̥ϣѱﲻɫǿ϶᲻ɱⱻе˿
ιûа˿̼һûзӦʵ
ȵȣϾͺáһعæһЦӿռָ쳣Ĵ󴲸˳
һ˵˵ʱ˿۾ĿһųĴ󴲣ðĺľɣžµĻƣڶ¶ͷ˿ƾ컵ա
˿㶣˿һָϵĿռָЩ֡
˯ɡһס˿̵С֣һƬʪ
ţӦҵĲҶ˿ЩңǳìܣһִҪ˵Ļ϶Ҳܾˡ
һ˿£һֻţһֻֻϸоеĽЩӲһĴķ۱ģŵ񾭡
˿һɣһϺŵϢһİһƣԼ˯ø
˯еĸо治˿һȽš
˿һֱΪһռ˵ģ֮һȻݷݵطϣȴûнһĶˡ֪Ϊʲô˿оһ˿ʧ
ʵһ붯ֻڽ˿ĻЩԳˣҪǻѰ̽صĻܱ֤᲻Դ󷢽˿̸ˡȻ˿ܾܾ̿ˣһȴż¶ɫ֪û׼ãʱҪĲ
֪˶ãһ˿̵ĺƳˣѾ㡣
ܿﰡһţ鲻ԽؽӲÿҪƿӵ˶С˶ƫеöȼ֮Ŀһһ󼤶
¿鶯£һ˵ĺЩҲ̵̹ġһ֪Ѿˣ̾һסȼͦҶ
ԺУһ˯˹ȥһΣμͻȻˣʪʪϣȻһ̵ζһһϢʹо
Ϣоѹһסˣ¶һ˿ɬЦݣվˡһֻϺؿڶʪʪģָմմ̵ģˮ
ȻģΪҪҶȥأһ̾һлŵ㡣
ʱ컹ĩһ˯ߣƿ˴ȴͻȻһħż㡣þһħֽдģħʦ򵥷㣬Ǽ۸Щ
չֽһŵɫħֻ֣࣬֡дţһ֮ʱѾˣͻȻԶԣԶʩһ¡֪ҿѾϲˣһͨˣҾͿԷĵߣ㲻ǣҲܡ
һﲻЩԻΪʲôǵԼܸͨԼһأĸŮϣԼİǿǷأΪʲô˿ƫƫأһſȥ
֪Ī壬ǾӦĪ廹һϰףһȢĪŮӱȢŮˡһͨˣұ԰ĵؼ޸㣬ܵεġ֪㲻ǣԤϵһվĶˣһ˹ôסأҲ㱻˳Ц㱻˿ӦиŮӰߣһȺˣúñأ˿̡
˿̵źһЩЦãôҲû뵽˿ںľȻһһ޻еѣǻи鷳ûнء˿ϵ̥ǣһڸͲں˿̵ʵԴ˻ǺԱġ
ɵѾͷһҵģҲҪ취ϵ̥ǣ㵽ʱܣһĵû뵽ԭ˿̵¾Ȼ


22 


һС˿̵ħż㣬ڴؿʼ˼绹û죬ȴ˲ٵ飬һУȷԼķ
շǰףһһʱһվɽһֱͦ۾ᶨǿʳǰᣬȻȻôҪǿһҪվĶ˸ʱʲô໹Լ˵㡣
һų˶һƬѣĿĹâУЦһƬ顣󴲣һʼŹǵķȥ˵ٴμ˿ˡ
ǬŲƸ˶СʱһЩ֧ŲסˣϾ̫ˡͻȻһ˿˵Ļ˵ַеĻǾͷǷϵħĪ
ԼʶеɫϵħԪأһ˷ٶ֮ѧ˷ϵħʲôΣձĻʹˡ
һһɢٻŷϵħԪأ׼һɫħԪؿӿһ͵ǰȥ
һûü˷ܣһˤȥһʧܵ׼ڿз˼תɵڵϡ
٣ħԺÿħʵ̫ˡһһһŴйеĲ
ħһʱҲôħôأһһһ˼ţãͻȻһĴȣȻɲΪβ취ԼһأǴܻ֮ɵϵеԣϵȴƮݵԣԼβһ
ͨ˽ڣһֿʼٻϵħԪأȫһپƮƮģȻɹˡ
һתǬŲƣٶȾȻ֮ǰһȴֻ൱ǰһ롣ֻһ䣬ȰǰԾգۼֻʣһССĺڵ㡣
Ź˶ʮӣһϵļЧʧˣٶڼ̫ķħʧֿ¸Լʩһ
һ·֮ǰҵһСһһ£·ֻҪ·̣һǬŲƵٶȣҲֻҪɡ
һѰһõס£ԱͱŲˡ͵ħƵ£һڿռָϷĿȻҪЩħ飬һҳϵĳмħ飬һܵĽ﷢˰ϵħ飬м߼ȻС
ʮħǰһʼȲطеħ֪ʶԴտʼһħţħۿνƶҴײѧἲò˵ԼħԶߡ
ʱеɳһһεشָţһȫ麣֮УĵٶҲԽԽ죬ɨƵۻҡ
ˡһһϵмħһͷٰ졣ƿ滹һƬСĴϰһ
һ㶣ͷ˿϶ѳСɽһ鼮Լڲһϵʱ佫ЩȫˣһЩţ˵ǰļܹרŵѵҲڶʱڿô飬ԼҲȫסˣѵԼţһƨ
һһ嵽ԣһϵмħԼԺĶȫһûκƫ
ѵ˵ʵѾ˺üˣֻ̫Բ֪һ롣
ܿ죬һ㲻ЩûõĶˣȻסϵĶҲֻǼסˣûüȫ
һڲ֪ԭħ򵥵ֻΪм߼֣ǷֵúϸÿħҲħĴСʮһȼһڳħĵмħߵżڸ߼ħʮʥħʮһͨ˵Ľˣּħɽл֮
ϵĻˮϵˮͶһһħѧͽҲֻʩЩһħʦı׼նħǿʩųħмħʦĽ׼һħǿʩļħš߼ħʦһħǿʩ߼ħ
߼ħʼһˮ룬ʩŰ˼ħǴħʦˣʩžżħħʿʩʮʥħħʦʩʮһǴħʦֲŴħĵ߷塣


23 Īķ


ʮһ䰡һһʦĳƮڰУеһ䣬ʱɽѣرɫԲﱻΪƽأǸоһˬ˵ð
һˣӽԺ󣬴ħʦ˵еķĿꡣۿɫȻڣһץʱڤ룬ſиϵħԪءһ֣⼸ϵħԪؾ׵ϵյ죬ٶϵļ
Ҳ֪˶ãһڤѹʱѴһƬӡһһ־ˡ
һʱõòʹѼˣһѰһλ£СˣȻҲ˳ӻ֪ԼȷʵֻڷһϣΪǻʲ񾭲ƵĿ
һƵأ˵Ҳһ罫Ȼ渽屳˲ٺڹ뻹ţʲôҪ֪ԼĿһȻˡ
ŴζĹƣٳǰĩζһòˣȻ˿ߵĻ͸ˡǰһΪ鳤һ굽ͷһ찲ȵӣڵһֱһǰ롣
һشΧʳͣԴ磬ûͱؽ˼Σ֮ۻ㿴˿ǷĽֵǼҰֱʱúÿ絽жôڲͬ
ò͵ĻõĿˣ֮ģҲдŸϵʦۺսʿ׵ˣ˾֮嵽ûпҲ֣ƽͣϲȻ׽鶼ھɭУҲٲֵľðգֻһڴȽ϶СȻǺѿˡǱų⣬ĥҲѾˣǰǱ鲼½ģֻǺűϵ˻ӶƫƧĺɽ
ϾʣһõꡣͻȻһǰһﾪ̾Ưֻõбһҷǰͣһƥߴ񿥵ĻɫȫѪƤëһ˿ɫ֫ǿУرǶǰһֻĶǣ񿥲
ƥûб˩סͷվǣҰԣʱشвЩҪǡ
Ӽ֪Ƿϵħ޵һ֣ƼһǹǮүľѴߣһ㶼ԺɫͰɫӶ࣬û˵ȫĶ
˭ҲóƥǷӵ˵һأһʼƥɫ˺
ʱΧ۵Ⱥһɧһ򷹹ݵſȥʱô˴ֻһŻƤףû޽ĸŮ˳һͷɫͷòޣȻû޺ǰǣںһӢȴγصһ̫ߵﶼǵĽ㡣
һѸ´λŮĿնƤ׹յļͦм䣬оһǿҵĻԵħһ֪ܶལʿħʦһЩʯ֮ĶħеıΣеǶ·ϡŮԾսʿϵְҵˣҵȼͣΪʲôħƷأ
ŮĶһʮ㣬ʲô˾ʲôŮȻǶԱעӵĿѾϰˣûа˿Ȼյı顣ŮҪʱȻؿһָһ㡣
ŮһȺɨһȦ֮ͣסʵ巢һϡֱϵоɵġһȻŮоͳŮһϵâһɱһĶȻﵽ˽ʦˮƽ
һѹŮŭ񣬻֪ԼǳЦЦ벻֪Ц⿴ŮоͳЦŮȥѵһղĸоֲ֤ɵģó˵һһۺ㷭ΪһգʧǵС
һӣڻһĪأ㲻Լö˶˵ôˡȴǰǾߣʵʰľйڵľǰҪǿϺܶ࣬ոעŮؿڵħϣʶؾþ̽һŮظ˸ĸо


24 ˼


߳СһԼʩһǬŲǰȥһ߸·һĸϵħ鼮
ԼСʱһǰһƬɭֱ֣ӴƬɭ֣ôһСʱɵǣ·ߣôҪСʱȻֱӴɭָ죬󲿷˶·ߣΪƬɭħڶ࣬Σ̫ˡ
һֻԥһӱֱӴԽɭ֣ƾٶȴ򲻹ܲɭһ·񱼣ߵȼħûϣϼֻFEħޣһ˳ֱ㽫ϰıˡ
һͷEϵҰħ޷ǿҪһԼȫĻܽһ˺ϱĴײϣ12ħ˵͸ࡣ
һǶ˵һϵ3ħʴʴҰƤһ4ϵħ֮һģٽǿóһ5ħһ
ٽֻFĻã˾һǼˮֵ
ħǸöץץҰζǷúܡһЦ
ǲҪһֻʱһͻȻŵƮĵѪζüͷһ壬ӰѪζƮķѰȥ
ûãһ㿴ʮֻƶǵħʬɢΧܻбչĺۼħҲһַϵħޣٶȺܿ죬һʩŷСħȺħޣСһļʮֻħȺǧֻȻħֻD½ħޣڶڹϣһ˿ǶжԶܶԶһħȺΧǾรɡ
ʱһԶд򶷵ħǵХӰһǱ߱ȥһһ·ȥ˼ʮֻħʬ壬һȺħǣпڼǧħȺ
һСĵȥԼϢһСպ̽Դ
ҮħǴۻ𣿡һһƬƬѹѹħȺզ࣬Թһ£жǧֻ
һΧʱһ£ǸС϶еŮʦʱǱƤദմѪҲ֪ԼĻħǵģΧѵһȦħˡĺɫĵվҲ˺ˡ
һ̽ͷʱȺͣ˹ضһһŮϢųž޽еĹâ֣ͬıǵƺһȵĻ档
һɨȺע⵽ȺһͷëɫħǣñһħҪߴܶ࣬ˡһע⵽ͷ»ͷСɫСħǣĺӡ
ءħͷһХҶ׷¡Хħǿʼˣֻдżƿ㳯Ůʦȥųеͬʱмʮͷħ׷ڷкŮʦȥ
ȻħһС鷳ˡһʵŮڶǧֻħ֧ôøеܲ˼飬ǴʦҲԲ˶߰ɡ뿴ǧ뷢һŹأ
һҲȥˣҲþȵ˲аһʻûôı£ӵǰһĹðһԣڵȥһпɻûΣȥһİ˵ĵزûôΰ
һΪŮʦڽӵʱͻȻðһ⣬γһֽͶڣʱʧΡ
ݷĿȫѱˮ͸ǵһδԽƬɭˣǰҲħȺȴûϹģڵȺĶѿʼ˥ˣҴӡķ˽оҲŲ˶ˡ
˹ħȺݷЩˣ֪ٳŲ˶ãĶܿᱻЩħȺ˺÷飬ͷʣ
ȣݷǿһȣ޽£һڶĴ߶Ȼγһֻ״ĺɫ˲佫ʮֻħ׷룬ħȴӷ
ն˼ʮֻħǣݷҲ˼˿ڡ
˶Ƿ˼ˣһﾪ˼Ƕڿ۹ͥļ壬һֱԾΪ͵˶ͿͿʺ෴˶ŮſԷ


25 Σ


һŨüŮĶԽԽ΢Щ̣ôһȺħǣʲô취أһ̾һҪתȥԸ⿴ǰɡ
ʱߵֻСģŽ̬໥ֻ֣֪һķܹվԭسֻСǺǽǻȥֻƤСһͷֿʼŴ֡
ҪȥһԼԽԽֻСħǺֹͣתӹһ󵨵뷨ץסСһв˼С˲о
һһ¾룬߷ְտԽֻСħǴסۿŮҪŲסˣһԥԼǬŲ˵߷壬ӳڿµӰ
ʱѲΣգŭŷ˼ɫķлһһ׼һ5ϵħǽ˲䷢һʵǽӵѸס˷СһȻ͹еǿȡ5ǽ籡ֽһɱ͸ɫٶȲسһϮ
һ鼱ֻ֮ҷֻСħǣðŤ֮յ˹ȥڴ˼Ъ䣬ֻСħѿٳԼĸȥҲٴγһǿУͼ赲ס
ۿֻСħǾҪѣһ鼱֮óǰóľ񹥻ʵʰľ˲佫еСħǸԭزܶоԼķУһ֪Ҳܵ飬һҧһСħץһ¿ǿķС
ˡһиһĺѪעƺһһһסһֻСħǵĲӣվѹѹһȺħǣϾȻ¶һ˿˷ܵЦ
ƴĸоˬһץסֻСħǻ˻ΣСڿҵţ﷢صĽ
һʣŮȺͣ㶼ɢĿ¶׹ΧŮǿ֮ĩȺɢ˹ȥ֮ǰԼһͦεıӰ
ΧħȺһסСħǺĴսˡСħǺϵŷʹ
ءһХǧֻΧħɢһԶԶġ˹һ˫Ȱĵ۾һϡ
أҡβһ
ҷǣһֻСħЦЦЩа񣬱ǵѪ˿ھǰֻ͡
ƵصͷȻعͷֻħת֮С
һһ㵣ѵ׼ȥȱɡ
Զһ㣬ȻǡһȵһԻ֪˵ʲô
һԳЦЦΪĳɾʲôöˡһֻСħǣһڵϵŮȥ
ŮɫЩ죬٣Ϊ͸֧ʧѪȡŮƤ׶ദã¶ѩļرؿڵƤѿĸ࣬Բ۵鱩¶˿Уߵһ˿Ѫһ۲ѣЩħǲϧ
Ůߵ˺۵Ķ˻ͷŮںһŮʱǰȥ֪ʲôֻħǴ˻ﻹŶָӽĶСطһԶ
һȻĪǰԼˣȻ֪һŵϵġ𡱣ɫԽԽŨǾһںڵķȺһҲ֪ĸϵġһΪǰںڷɢİϵħϢڲ½ϵħаĴڣһȺ֮ԼʹϵħҲֻҶںڰ͵͵һǳ֪ڰϵħĺҲ̵ֻɭ鰵ϵħ
һԺܶͷ֮ǴС뿪ɭ֣ǸħȺͰɨռָǶƺ񻹲㽫ŮϣԼҲȥ
ҲЩԣƽ߰úܣóŮﵽϵģʱҲ֪Ƿǳʱ̣˳ӵһ
ںԶԶһҸ̫һһ˺Ʊˡ
˿һСʱڳɭ֡ɭֱԵýŶڴһϣԼĺӸˡ
һЩжˣ¸ĸİħ޶ˣοأһԼĸĸٱʱĹػЩˣЩǰˣСڸв֪鷳
һֻСħǵͷȻǷˡ


26 


ؿһһۣתͷĺӱɭ
Ϧ£ýʣů硣Ҷɳɳ죬һһӰϦӰӡ
һȸԼһ󱳵˿ֹѪ˳ǻԲѵС椺ĶҲֻκԼֻϵĳЧǺ롣һŶڸҵһСϪȻϵŮƽڲݵϡŮڻȻüЩӲһЦЦ˶ôŮӼҼҵĻһĺá
һŮм˿ڻѪϵĳҲԽԽʢǷ˸գ˵ճɰ׳ˡһվ˿ڴʹ졣˿ܣͻȻǰһϪ߰һɫСݷ˽ȻĵЦˣСҲҩרңȷɫСֹѪĹЧ
һɫСݵɺ״һȸԼϺҷֹסѪֵŮҩʱһȴˣŮȽĴڣһһڴȸطɶŮеĵطһŮѹҪҪô죿
һԥһֿʼŮĽƤסҪԼҿʹһҽҽ߸ĸһԼ˵
ɺܿһ㷢ʲôҽ߸ĸȫǹƨͲЩҽŮٸʱûͷԼСһ㶵ؿʧȥֻͦ飬ˮ֪˶ˡǶŮͦνգǵԾ㲻Ҳ֪Գǿ۷۵΢΢ʥ˿ҲΪޡ
һʥˣ˺ٵ㣬СһӲ˵㣬㱣ˡʥŮǵ˿ʱһһסԼҡҷץĲҩͿ˿ڡֽӴŮϻֳԵļһһҪ
һְŮϣҩͿȣˬĴһƺ񫣬ڶһ˻²ȻѹһֱŮ鷿飬ʹָᵯ£Ϊ̼ѸͦӣңһЦǿɰС
ԼɫǵоԳЦЦһץסŮ˿ڵ鲼һ˺һ˺һӣ¶֮ĴƬѩϸļһѪζһ˿صζƮһıӡ
׻˵ˣŮˣ⻰ûŮϵζѪζǲסһ૵
ŮȷֿһЩԱҩһͻȻ˴ԭղ˺ܴһЩŮ㶼ѿˣڷľëƤشӱԵ˳һһȲѪ硣
ӣӡһ۾һһ߽ϵĲҩĨ򴴿ڡһԼ֪ǲǹģ־Ȼƫ˼֣ưصĴ룬˿˿͸ֱ΢΢ĵһƺܵأһָ°˰һȻȥԭֱӰǵصķ϶
ˬһһЩ᲻ó˲ʨ֮һ³һѹԺе
С椻̫󣬻սپĺáһٽҩͿŮȸĴϣȻ˺һЩ鲼ãһдϣһһæӿռָóһסŮǴ⾡йĽ
ڷգһûʲôܺõİ취ֻסŮԪȻúŪЩ·ŷŮĶͷϡ
̫Ѿȫ˵ƽߣҹᴵ·ĸظšݷë˶۾۱譲ӵǿգǺ嫵ĸоƺ֮УƺҲࡣ
һû𣿡ݷϵĴʹоһʱ˻ǰħȺеѰͦεıӰԼɡ
ݷ̧ͷֻһӰɢϪߵľʯϣȵOţԼԺƺҧһݣ̫ԵЩʡ
ҹʫ˴󷢰ӰͻȻЩ
ݷһ㶣ѵʫˣôȺоȵԼأ
ʱӰɤӣͻȻ󺣣ȫˮȡ
ݷһ㶣ꡱһЦҹص


27 ħ


ˣһûȻھʯһʵݷĽıʱһѾˡ
ţл֮Ƿ˼ݷ֪˸մݷﶨ𡣡ݷм뿴λӵ׳ʲôûдߡ
ν·ƽεͲˣ֪ͨ˷˼壬ǺܿҪ˰ɡȻˣǾʹ˱һһͦ˵ֻҧŲݸе㺬
ݷԵǶʱ䣬һ;棬ڸҵһ·ˣһҵıȥ˼屨šһ˼ϹϵֻҪŮԼ屻֮ҪҪҪԼƴǲʮֱңڿȻûвȻҪô˻ŵĨˡ
ȵȣݷһһҪߣ˿ڵʹһʹ
һعͷһ㶣ʱ˰ģڴʱһľһ󲨶ŴӹǷٽӽļ㣬תǬŲƣȰʧֻһƮҽˣǵѣʹ˱ڡ
ݷһȥЩʧ䡣ʱһپЩԾʲôǵѰһҹ紵ݷͻؿһͷ鿴¶ʱߵһɺ죬ԭԼʱϵ·ԼǰĴõƤ͸¶
ʱݷҲע⵽ԼʹȸˣԼ屻˿ˣݷߵ뽫ͷȥҲڴŲµǾΪʲôҪˣݷ̾һһµ·ʲôεļһֲôȢҰˡ
ʵݷھʱһرǻǰӡǸͦεıӰݷһЩ΢ı仯ʶؾͽһԼһֱİӡʱݷַһԼϵ·ֵ쳣һĹӵеģļ϶
һҵģĺǡݷᶨıͺķ˶һֻûƵеˣʱͻȻӺճԼԼ壬ݷȻҪ׷ˡ
ݷҧʱһӺݻòɵŮǰ
û°ɡץסݷֽŵ
ףû¡ݷҡҡͷ
׷ʲô£˭˳ģĿ¶ɷע⵽ŮϵǼʽҪ֪˭ŮһҪ
ףǻȥ˵ɣˡݷ

һԶԶŹǸߴĳǽûмŽȥһƧĵطӿռָóǸɫħȺǸɫħɢǿҵĺڰħϢһڹﱻǻ군ˡ
һ۵ħҲûƳʲôǸͼĺڰϵħȰɣһ롣˰Ŀһͷһ˦˳ȥ
˭ôȱ½ͷڰ˰һڵϣϸڷͷͨͷͨͷϢϢ
һע⵽ͷ滹飬ûж뽫ͷÿɾһִʱͷͻȻһĴݺҧסһָͷ
һһҪ˦û뵽Խ˦ҧԽѪ¡
һΪע⵽Ѫرͷˣģ˿˿ѪڵͷϽ֯һƬɫ磬ЩѪ˿š
һЩ£ûô飬þҲѲãҲֻþˡͷʺѪʱͷɿˡӹ鷢ˣշͻȻΪһѪһһȻæ̯һֻһѪӡϣ·һ
о˰ΣһҲûзʲô쳣˶ӡȫûκα仯Ȼ벻ͨһҲɴ಻ȥˣµƵ飬ƺǳԶˡһȥĻҳⱾĵһҳȻдĸſĺɫ֣ħ


28 


һһﲻͣţħħ
ʵϣҲɵһȣΪħѾڲ½ˣйħ鶼ٻ١ħǿаڻǡ˵ǰһλŽħ޵ħʦľ磬󱻲½λħʦλʥΧˣλħʩħһٻ뽩ʬһٻ˺ڰħʬ塣һʱ䷽Բڳ˼λħʦλʥһһʮ¾ѪɺӣһƬĹλħʦ˲֪٣ӴԺħڲ½ˡ
һһһҳһҳ˹ȥҲԽԽ찡ʲôⱾħﾹȻϸؼŴ1ħ11ϳ˼ǰħʦء޸⣬û˻䣬һȷںڵķ˱Ǳء޸
ܿأһ㽫ⱾħȫסˣħԳһ壬һܶطסһ˵ڶ飬ϲڶԭǱء޸ħʼǣԸħʩעϸ˵һ¹⿴֪㷭һҳ
һ֪ǸɫͷʲôˣȻǱء޸þǧŰپʮŸʬɵԪռ䣬װһѪɵʮ˸ãɲʮ˸ͨãÿõʵﵽ˽ʦĳ̶ȡǸ۵ںڷȾȻǴ˵еħഫڤùķȣзӡڤ
һϲ޴Ҹûιȥʮ˸ʦãһӡڤķȣһħȫȻҪãȻôõĶ͸
ϲһ侲ЩȻȴܹãӵĺǶᱻ׷ɱȻǵŬԼħ
һ̯ƣŵаѪãﲻ뿴ʮ˸ӵнʦʵõʲôӡ
ۿˣһĬֻѪͷһĺ⣬һǰͻȻϢһռѷ죬źڹһʮ˸ȫŹʻףվ޽ĺɫվһųһǰףԣһõľһѾ޴ѪɫҲʮ߸Ҫöࡣһ㶣ء޸ıʼǿû˵һֵļһﰡ
ΪЩõһָǰ漸ʮǹոշǸѪɫþһ𣬾޴ڿлһâǼʮһӸϿ˿Уʮ߸ոһ
ҿСӡһЦõļģʵ̫ˣʵԾͳ˽ʦ˵ʦҲҪʤһ
ţȡְɣҽһˡһȻøĻ
ۿҪҹʱ֣ǵĳҲҪرˡһеĶռָŹǷɱȥ
ǲΪóļɢأֵǳ۴αȵһͷҹʱ֣ȴȻ٣Ժ̶ܶӪҵ
һ׼һҺõ˽ȥֻȻƻͨڴԱߵĲҹ
õǳãһȥʱʣ׺׼䣬ʮһ졣һԽǮҲûɶһϽһûöأ붼ͳϾ˶ķǮ
һûȥڲµˣ絽ڿʲôûгأղ񶼱ħסˣֱòͲտҰ
ʱһµŮ˽ʮֻ𱩣ȴһ㡣Ҳû˵Ҫһһ׺׼䣬֮Ҳת
һŮӴţעĵȻòŮһ͸էһȥͨˣϸһȴһһһ֪ͨˣܶ洳ĵŮûһʡ͵ĵơ
ƺܵһעӣŮ̧ͷһ۾һ̶סʱŮӵ۾ͻȻ
ߡһһ˫ĿⱩǣͫâһŮӵ˫Ŀ
Ůƺһɫһ԰ףȻһ


29 Ů


һǳ΢΢һ̣˼ŮӾȻᾫħ⾫ϵǰŮӵľ񹥻ǰŪȻһҲֻССĽѵһ£Ϊһ֪ŮҲֻССĽѵһԼֻԼѵ˶ѡ
ŮӲ԰׵ɫָȴǾκˣɶ赭дػԼľ񹥻ҷ֪ľħҪԼöࡣû뵽ͨͨүһɲľħʦ
ŮӺҰڷתȥǡʱһҲˣվ
ŮӼһĺ治һΪһҪͼı졣һһֱ¥ĺ׷ſڣŮӿ϶ԼĲ²⡣Щ־壬Ϊϵħʦ׸߼ħɱΪħ˺Ĳꡣ
ʱŮӿõӭһתȻͣסӣתһɫǸűʲô
Ůһŷ׷̽ԴɫǻҲҴ򱾹⣬Ů롣
һЩЦãŮӵǰվЦ˵𣿡漴ɨŮһҡҡͷȻҺɫһڼʳֵز˵㴩ŮóŽȥˡ
ʳ쵰Ůȫ΢ɲһâ
Ҫ棬һҪúѿŮӽȭͷһķţһŹص졣
ħڰϵħǺǣ벻ͬˡһŷЦڸղһĵѪɫͷһ£һ̸еݼŵĺڰħͷǺڰԪռ䣬һڰϵħĸӦ
һûݳ׷һƨһɳϣһƿߵܵʮҵ׷ǲһһ̾
ڴϣŭĩղǶżˡԽԽߣǼһƾʲôԼ
ʳˡķŭ´ԡңħƽúɫһâʼŤһйΪƽʱħһǵüǳƤϸ۵ҪγˮرСɵķۺ촽Ͼ˼
쵰Һѿ𣿾֪òȡˣ㿴ҵıĿ㻹᲻ΪԼʳߡЩԼ촽һ̣˵ɫ
һɲ֪ԼôһλŮʱڴڤ룬ɢɫħԪأɫĵϵħԪʢ
峿ĵһ͸ƬƬӰӰ´µĹʱһ˫ĿͫɫֻܿعɫһһһշӰڿķƮһȦء
ڱӿһЩԵЩţż찡ȻͻƵһļˡ
ϴһһõùͣӶĵַ㳯ֱȥˡȻʱ峿ʱ֣ǵĴѾͷߥˣַɫɫ˽֮һҲڿ˺ټľ飬ԼˡӢŮ˵ĳȼеĹϵһȼԽߣ޻ĳ̶ҲԽ٣ȽƯҪèͺˣ˵Ů˺ܰһŰ˵ĸ̾޷Щ1ҵС˾ڶž˵츳˵½ǳ˵Ҳ½
ת֣תһӣǻ˵ĹǵĹݵˣеĹᶼ
һĵ˺ܶ˵ע⣬Ϊ˸ǴħħȾǴƤž޽Źģذ׵ģ֮̾˶УûʲôͨˣһһĽԵرĿ
һΣڿһɵĽдӶĸ֡һ˵ע˽ȥӶĴǳУӵкּܶӶӶŶͽ
һһעӶĴڣһλŮ
ãҪעӶ𣿡ŮеЦ¶ľѡ
һٸУû뵽Ӷķ̬Ȼ治Цŵͷǰ


30 ԩ·խ


עӶҪһҡŮһЦ
һͷǮӹŮıĩˣŮݸһһӶһӶѫ£ѫµһƺѽľ޽ɫǰɫͼFӶһԽEӶѫǺɫDɫCǻɫBɫAɫSǽɫҲӶߵȼˡ
һӶ񷢲ֻһ޴ĺڰдŸּһ˿F񣬷־Щɱð֮EDҲԼ򵥣ûʲôսԡ
ͻȻһڰĶһĿA񣬾ȥǰ˰֮ɽɱBϽħ޴֮ܣȡһɫƬ񱨳һϾҡһ㶣˵ĲԼɱͷ֮ܰɣ
һɻˣǷô֪Ǵ֮ܶаɫƬĿȻǿɫƬһϾңǺôֱʰһȻɵóɫƬȥֱıһ޴ıǾȥġ
ʱӶһһѰȥֻһ߳߾޺һѳ;޽ôװɤߺ
һ˹ȥֻ޺ߺȵçƽԭʧ֮Ҫߵȼսʿħʦ룬ǵĶʵǿи߼ħʦ߼սʿʦһ鹭һҪ
޺һڣԭֵΧ߶ʱɢ˴룬ֻһħʦ˵ɵӲŻȥAϴӶžڻçԭȫûˡ
һħʦһ˵ȥסʵλ磬ղ˵Ӷʵ˵Ҫǿ𣿡
ħʦ´һһǰFӶѫºһȻӣһռӶ᣿ѹ㲻֪ӶˣӶſBӶţӵдħʦһʦһ߼ħʦ͸߼սʿʮǶڻçԭȫûˣ˵ɵǼ߼սʿȥ𣿡
һһһʧ֮ɫľ޺΢Ц˹ȥЦãҿԼ𣿡
޺˿һһӵĴ磬Ϊλܹ֮ӵģûȥģȥεġ
ҾǸȥ񰡣ҸոעһӶһָԼؿڵӶѫЦ
޺һ£ʵħʦսʿ
սʿһӿռָóһѾ޽Ȼһ£Ȼѧž޺һ㽫ڼϡ
޺һϵľ޽¶Ľ֮ɫ仪ĽȻǳõİ˹֣֮ȫðɳֶɣہٳϾҡ
Ǹ߼սʿ𣿡޺עĩͣһľ޽ϡ
һЦЦ޽һһĶ
ǽʦǵȻӭˡ޺˷ܵû뵽ǰƺʮ꾹ȻнʦˮƽԼǿʮŴﵽʦı׼
ҽйףʲô֡޺ˬ֡
һϣ졣һֺ;޺һա
һҵһħʦͿԺͻǼˡ޺һ
ֺ˼飬ÿһçƽԭʧ֮ǵɢˡһ͹״ȥλ˳緹ʱһ𣺡֪ҿɲԼ룿
һͷ֮㶣ȻǸõ귢ͻŮӣһ£ɶƽ
ҽģϵ߼ħʦƺûһƵģֱóħʦѫ¶Թ׵
Ǿħʦúãӭļ룬Աˡ׸˵û뵽ôãҵһʦһҵһλϵ߼ħʦҪ֪ħǳ죬Ϣ˷ʤҪֱӶйһǱɰ׳վǱֲˡ
һĿԣĽ
ԭģͦԵݵһЦ
ĺһ˭Ե
ôûԵˣ׻˵޵ͬɣǧ޵ùߣһϵˣǰǿ϶ѾʶϰˡһЦ
ʶǰҲ϶ǳˡĵ
ԭʶȱ˵ˣҴȥʶһǵĻ顣˵㿸ž޽Ӷᡣ
ĺݺݵһһ۸˳ȥһǽһŤһŤЦȻòôĵħģ


31 ð߾ư


״һҹһð߾ưɣҾưڹǷǳڶӶð߾ۼĵط
ưɵĹЩ谵ְҵ˺ɢڴƷľưСöȺ䴩岻ݡ
ߵưɵһһˣǹ˵ͬˡ
һϸˣħʦʮҵԣ඼ǳͨһźɫĻϵħۣһŽ׵ļۡһսʿʱһ£оȻһ˳ҵţսʿţͷϣһЩţһսʿ࣬Ŷʮ꣬⣬ֻ׳ĸ첲¶Ƥ⣬ݺύ˺ۣЩ˺ۿԿһʵսʮַḻսʿһλɫװĽС磬崿Сʱﲻ̾岻һ塣
ʱѾʼˣָŴźɫħ۵ħʦǸ߼ϵħʦءظ߰ص˵ͷһЦЦҲ⣬Ϊ½ħʦٶЩӣرеʵħʦ
Ǹ߼ϵħʦ죬ͬʱҲһ߼롣ָһħʦ붼ǹħʦеĹʦǼ룬ǹ̻һְĳƺԳ֮ΪĶǹ̻ˡ
ӭǵĶ顣쵹ûʲôӣһºЦ
Ǹ߼սʿʯҺţʿǽţͺáָսʿţսʿ
ǺáţسһǼľƣţ¶֮ɫ
һǺһЦ԰۵Ĵ֣ȻֻԶԣֱţ־˸Ӥһ㡣
һһֻһһֻһɾӿͨ˵Ļֹͱţ÷ˡһȻЦݣתлȥţȻҲܾôˣѵͨ涼ᱻѵͱġ
һֿʼţţһ±òҰףð˶ĺ顣
ӣһЦţļ磬Ȼ˼
ţ԰׵϶ʱǵͨ죬ҧֵܣţˣְɡһɿ֣ţһ˦֡׵ط֣ţľƾһɫָӡۣһɶ˼𾴡
Ǿ鹭¶櫡׽Žܡ
ãС顣һ¶Ц¶һ˫ƯĴ۾Ŵ
ҪС飬ҲСˣѾһʮˡ¶櫲
ǺǣǾһʮֻ൱ʮ꣬СҲûһЦ
ɫǡߵһ¶櫵ھʮֲǾ䡰ʳɻǺء
ʱ׿ʼһˣ֪һӵģǴﵽ˽ʦļʱʮ죬Ũ˼֣ʮĽʦ˭֪Ժǰ;޿
֪һ߼ħʦʱһξ̾ħʦĿֲǶǳһ߼ľħʦﶼһĴڡ
ɫһﲻ͵͵룬֪Ļڰϵħ֪ʲô顣
ˣԱѾˣҾ͸ҽһʧ֮ǵʮΣգӶȫûӦҲ˵˵ͣһ£ҵɫء
ȻǵʵûǿҲһûеơ˵Ŵͳһŵͼ˵ǻçƽԭĵͼҵϴģʧ֮ǵķ򣬶Ҹħ޵ķֲҲ˵ֻҪŽһС£ܰȫҵʧ֮ǡ׵ѹ˺ܶ࣬Ͼư˶ӣԼϻлçƽԭͼԼ֪ˡ
ʧ֮Ľʧ֮ҵıȡƽԭӦûʲôɡ
˶ҡͷʾû⡣
ãȻûô峿ڹǶſͷʣʱҸæȥɡ
һûߣǶԵ̨ҪһΪҰٵĹеţԺȴ˼ǧû뵽˵𻰾ҲͷͷǵһҲôǵͼƺԶϴģ
Ǻǣ˼ε;ƺȤһתžƱ¶ζЦݡ


32 ݷ


֪Ұԭ𣿡¶櫴һݵζһߣͬһǳɫҰ١
Ҳһ£Ǿɭְɡһ¶櫵Ц
¶櫾һͲװñһ𣿡
ܱǸһȱ㡣һƤЦ
˵棬˰¶ʵ
ԺԶԶĵطôĪ㡭ϲˣһ¶櫺ٺֱЦһ˫ɫۺεش¶毺õΡ
¶һ죬Ƥɫǡ
һС麦ˣЦ䣬۽ǵȴ׽һĨϤӰħȺµݷʱûǱģһ۵ĻƤסƺʲô£һһعžƣһһվŮһڳĻͻϳŮǺݷһͬйġ
ι˼ҿǷ˼С㣬ɱ⣬ҪôĶ֪С¶櫼һ˵˵һͽճŮˣеˡ
ҪҲⰡɱƯˡһתͷЦֲøǮ˵Ҳ޷ˡ
аҿɼһأ¶ǵЦȴ˵һﻹͦõġ
һһЦûӻ¶ȻƯڷζȷʵݷҲ֪Ͷȥˣ¶櫶158ˣǳɬ
һҶӶˣһȥԷòã¶һ
ãպҵĶҲˡһͷվ¶櫼粢ð߾ưɡ
ɸո߳ưɣһ洫һеĽлȵȣȵȡ
תֻݷŮǼ
ݷһԶվס´һð߾ư￴ıӰֱǸ˵ıӰһģһһ׷˳תݷȴϳǰСϲ֪ʲôظУʱ¶֮ɫĿеĴӢôܹȵأݷһתȥ
ʱ·ԵͻȻ뷢һҵľСֻһһƥɫڽֵϺֱײŵشУÿүÿ
һʱ·Եĺ̯ܶӶײˡǣվһλĺӣֱĶƺŴˣһֵվԭһ
쵰ݷһȫ˹ȥľȻк̫ԶۿкҪɥ֮¡
ͻȻݷֻһ΢紵һӰðǺӵߣһ̶ѳ˹ȥǾһΪ˶ײˡգգ۾һ걧кӿƮȻ£ֱ·һ㡣
ݷ㶵ؿһƮȻµΣԺֳ︡ǸĶ˹ȰٶȺͳŵضʱΣһжôƣѵоǾĶˣݷЩԽܡ
ʱŶֱײĻڳһξֹͣǰ۾գҲգضݷϡ
С㣬ղŵ˰ɣԷΪ⳥һĵضݷ
ԼǳĶӾͺΪ֪ǲ׼ġݷŭĿ䶢
һֲЩЦЩϤΪҲϤϸһ룬Ϊɲ⸱ǰүһô
ײһ۵ļʲôΪһ˫һȥͻȻһͣƺ˼ʲô
һһһȭλ̨úܣ֪մΪ۹һӣȻ֪һϵĽ·һ˼ҿԴټȷʵ죬˰֮ɫ
ݷһ̬ЩԾҪ֪һڹ޷죬һ˸Ͳ
һǰĩǣҲûм¡һƤЦⲻЦһŲµôˡһȻǹǳĶӣ˵ǰӵǣҲ˵ǰһ
һȻɵ˵ԼݣȻӳһƬƽ˾ҲûзĽͨСʻ괬ҲǸݣͽһǽ


33 ¶


һ˻شһתû׷ȥȻǸ͵ӵȴҲǴˣƶԷ뼰ĹݴпܱԼҪߣ׷ȥɵôһתҪݷǴСûɫ
С㣬ɷһԸ޳ܵضݷЦ
ݷԳһ֣ӵس˳һŮߣƤȥ
һҡҡͷ龰ôϤôģֻһӦòɫȥԼݷɣݷɲһǸħʦһ뵽һıЩ
һʲôأҶӶˡ¶űӽ
߰ɣèһعе¶櫵ԴǰȥղıתůůЦ⣬·Ͳϳֹһ㡣
ֵļһ¶૵һһֱеĸоָоɭֵ΢һƢԸһ
ǳϵķɽׯݷһ˴ڷԺﲻϵֳһƮݵӰΪĹϵʼղԸǸĶˡʵһʼƫԻᷢһϵʾһӵеġ
ݷ¹ȡǼϵۣĦ·ߣһĨϼ֪һ۸ڶķ˼ĴСڷһ·˵Ļܻˤһص۾ɣȻǰ۾ֶ
ݷĦãͻȻ·ĿʽͲԽԽϤǼ徭Ӫ⣬ԷװһҲ㣬ΪСⷽ滹һжȵġǸУϵ·ĿʽͲƺ·ࡣ
ѵݷԽܣΪĹһӾתġ
УһҪʸݷﻹǷŲ£ŪʳѰ
ɾʱ洫ŮĽлС㣬ȥ顣
ݷӦһһȥҲһֻҪڹǣԼܹڳ
ʱһ¶ڹߵķ˾¥òͣһֱ֪¥Ƿ˼Ĳҵ¥ٺӶҰ羰һѡ˸λһһʳ䲻ʱЦ䣬Ҳ
һԾǣ¶櫿С磬Ƿǳˬнü֮ɡ
С飬һ޵
¶ΪƾԵһϼ۷۵ɷˡһĳȻһЦǵȻҿھƸݴģǰھɭֵʱǾȥƽ͵Ȱٻ𣬰ٻ֪ǿɱľƺúȶˡ
¶櫵ʱЩɣƱһɴһ㣬ȻǿʼЩʤˡ
һٻʱһʣ֪İٻֻоſã¶͵ȵأǡǾһˣ˵ǾĹء
Щ¶櫿ʼϲʱ˵СʱȤʱ˵⼸ڲ½ţ仹ʱعһûֹ޳ܵ¶櫾Ʊ˵ʱϡ
¶ɣЩ㱵ʱһʱˣʵС飬ңĸǲǾŮ
¶̧ۣһɵɵһЦͻȻԴһϲˡһһЦûպðΪܳһأʹ˵һҲӸղ̫ߵв׽ֻƬкܴĿǾĹֻǾŮôΨһŮðգС̼ҳģ
һʣ¶櫱˾ƵꡣһʩչṦһ·˫۾ϣ뱳һƯľڴܲעĿرСֲ£ȻǲĲ롣
һ֪¶סģֱӱԼڵõꡣһƹķûпշˣȻһԼķ˯һСˣ׷ǹҪܱӰɡ뵽صŮ˾סԼ棬һ¶͵ȥ


34 ˷


飬飬顣һ¶ĵķţǰ춼ûӦ
һϢö˷ţϢӦûˡûа취һֻý¶櫱Լķ䣬ԼĴϣȻڴϸϸС顣
¶櫵˯ݺ񾲣洿ľһճӤѹ˵Ȼ塣¶櫳Ķ䣬һЩ档ĳ丧˸ȴ¶櫵һû뵽Ķ˵СһȤͣ¶櫵ĳ
ڣ¶櫹ֻһ׽סһֵĴ֡ʱһʼϲ鷢ˣ¶׽סһĴֲû˦һ³˹ȥԼؿڣȻ˫ֻϡ
һ¾;ˣСĪǰֵɱˡµ뵯ԣһ鲻ԽץץЪֹסرµʵطӦа˼롣
ҪҪһ֣ȴôҲ᲻뿪ҷ⡣
һ¶񾲵ɰһһϣ۵촽ʱʱŤ£ǿɰ˼㡣
ԼôأôҡһţʱƽҪ֣ȴ˯˵¶櫽Ĵֵ˱ס֡
һЦЦû뵽Լ˾ӻԸóᾢ⿪¶櫵С֣ȻһͷĻС
ʱͻȻˡ
ſһͷվſڣһһʣ˵ңʲô𣿡
֪ˡһÿӡ
һԥվԭزԸ׽İ˵ķ䡣
ôҶʲôģҶŮûʲôȤġһ͵
ñһһۣƿһ˽ȥȻҲ֪Ůʲô˼ǳĻ
ڽˣʲô¾˵ɡĺһ
˵ɡһָָ뿪š
̺һ÷һŵ㡭ʲô
һȻȻЦĩ˵㵱ʲôأֻæˡ
æʲôæĵַ˱󣬰ۺڰħһһԼʲôٶ͹˲ôˣ˭Լľħء
һĵѪɫôһ󲨶һ֪ھۼڰħˣЦҶɾûжġ
⻰ôһֻǶһֻС˵Ҳġ
㵽ʲô£˵˵Ҿˡ۾ſڡ
һģҲڶָָſڵ濴һ¾֪Ҫʲôæˡ
İŰɵſȥһעһĶ
ķģһЩЦ̫˰ɣҿǺˡ
ĺһǺ˲Ź֡
ʱĵĽǶܹŵƯľ鹭ͷڴһʱָһ쵰ʲô
һһ̯޹ɱԩңҺСһԷˣұ㷿ģǸղ㲻ڡ
㡣Ľȥ¶櫵𣬴Ҳɾһ
ģ֪Ƕˣ֮ζӽǴҵΣաһһ֪ʱ֮εҪԣһģ˶Σա
һ𣬰βŵ˳þ˲Ρ
һ㶣ԼЦдǻ˼𣿡
ûнӻָֻ˯ŵ¶櫵Ȼ㱧ҷɡ
һ˵Ҫ¶櫣ĵ׼ռˡ
СƤ憪£һֹű¶ķȥ
ȵȣȥһСսĵңһ˽һǰ
Ѿˣһ۾Ϳϼɫľ¿㣬˷ıǣһ뵽˿̣ǵҲǴ˷¡
æҵؽ²ؽ¹ߺһƬ
һﰵЦȴɫؽ¶櫷˴ϣתҡ
һҡһġЩӲ
һĽŲһ٣֪⻰˵ʵףתͷ΢Цúչ¶櫣ҲǵĶѡ
ĵͷͻȻСҲûôɶˡ
һţͻȻת¶һֵЦݣ˷£ܲ˵̴˳ȥһŹˡ
ɫǣҧгݣ̵һ㡣


35 ͥ


һվĵķ⣬Цȥ˷¹˿̵˼Ǹ׺ʵޱȵŮÿÿƴ໤꣬һůġ
ۿɫ磬һǰ̻ῴܷҵ˿̡̻ᲢְҵڵǺͳڣͨðѩ͵Ÿ߹󣬿еĽáľ޴λڽ߶ϰһν񲻹ǳŰֻ˰ˡ
̻ỹֵͦģͽ䣬ʱʱԿϵسݹĵ
һ߽ȥһ빧ʵ𾴵ļʥŮ˿СǷڹǣ
һ̬ã»һ
һЩʧǵ˿˵ҪǵİѵΪ˶Լг̶ˡһ˼룬Ƕ˵˿̲ǡһ̾һįڽ̻һƺ£ͽͻȻһжʵԼ˿ľǶ޶
ʱ̻Ķ㣬һһͷī̳Ž߼۵ӰһħӯӯǸįӰ
һԲ𡣡˿̽ҧ´ָħḧĨȥ˵ķį
նȻϲαĥԼءһ˿һʮòһ׵ʥۣƺһʥ֮Сǹ̻Ķʥ֮һռ룬˿̵ʦʥཻѡ
ϣҲܰҲܰ˿ŴŮ㿭ռİοʱӨ£Լ̥ǣһʹԼΪʲô
ննռ״ʹĵӰˮչһѳ˿̵ߣ§ο˿̣Ǵĵ۰֮һǺ˲ǳˣû뵽˿ˡ
˻һƻõĻоѣĿһƬ죬ݷƥɫĶһ˿ûзݷӰĴͷû뵽ǵͷơ
СأôһˣһЦŶŪϴεԵѾס
̻ḽĳſڣݷѰƣȻԱƢܱ꣬ȴܷһ㲻ᵽܵġ׵ͳϺ̻һЩ飬ȴһûˣԺƵĸǷǳģֱǰˣһܲ
С㣬ҽ˰ҰɡһԵ̴ڡ
ҵ²ܡݷû
˾Ͷˣҽҵѩ͸ɡסеŭǿЦҪǱǿˡ˼̫ǷӶסһֱݷȡ鹥ƣ˼ҸͲ
죬ﰭҵۡݷĻŭգϾֳ˷˶
ɫһ࣬ȭͷһת˳׻˵أοأ
ݷ߱Ĵ̻ᣬһ۱㿴ڶһ
⣬ôܣݷﲻŵ૵ƿǴӲóģˡ
ףݷЩ𾪣ʱˣͻϴξĶˣֿƶôȣиϣǣǡ
ߴ˵ݷﾹȻɽŵð
ʱһĺƵĴԴ׼ȥˡۼҪߣݷһҲ˲ôˣһӱ嵽һǰ档
ҿûйԼġһݷɱڵسǰΪġ
ң֪ݷŵһʱҶһӡ
֪ǣʹ˱һʼ磬ֱֹ֪⸱飬ΪҪء
ݷȫһ𣬲ȥʱĻҽˣǵѣʹ˱ڡ㣬һģһ
ȵȡݷһ֮һסһֱۡ
֡һͺȵ
ҲšݷﾹӰ
鷳Χһε
ݷһʱգ˫Ӳǽһֱץý֡ԭ˿ŮעĿҹǵ˻ʶ˼ĴС㣬ʱ۸ڶĴС㾹ڴ֮ͥ¾ˣ׷Χ˹֡


36 밮


ΧԽԽ࣬һЩΣٿСƺƵģøƨƵģ֡
ҵĴС㣬ҷˣǻط˵ɡһұ֤ٹһԾҪˣν˼Сܹ鲻̫á
šݷͲŵӦһ֪ԼǷʲôˡ
һݷһ̴ܳȺ˲ʧǵ
̻Ĵϣ˿ؿİ˴һŮȥȫֹסһ˫ǿյ˲ʧȥ˹ʡ
ɵӣԼģԸ⽫𣿡մȰظ˿̵ķ˿һ̾Ϣ⺢ô˵ȴǼΪġ
Ҳ֪ҡҲ֪˿ʧҡͷȴͻȻһƬ
˱ҸŮˣӦø˵Ĳ𣿿ҵΪʲôôʹأϣΪʲôأ˿̽ſգ·ĺӡ
˿૵һʹһ˿ʹ׷䣬⺢ӺԼôѵҲҪһΪࣿ
ն˵зŲ£ȥɣȥ׷չ
˿һ𣬻ҡͷɳɤҲô˽ܸܵǱɵģôĽССأ
ǺӣûԼ𣿡ղɷϣˣŮİΰֳȣһΪ˰κµŮǰǵҲһ޷˵ȥɡ
˿̲ûشյĻֱǿĨȥϵ飬ϣҪǿ

һݷһ˵Ľ䣬ȻֱŻĩɢݷ
ңݷﱻЩܲˣͷ˹ȥ
֪˼ˣղŲͦ𣿵ȻȥʱһС׷ǵϷˡһЦŵ
ҲŲءݷϾǴС㣬̧ͷ˿õغһˡ
ݷĳһЩԲˣҲµʶˣҪȻ̬һ֮ôתô졣
ллҡݷͻȻúᣬһҲӳˣǸӰǸҹһҲˡ
һһˣԲɫװһȵǲŪˣҿɲǵʲôʱȹ㡣
쵰˵ݷͻȻˣܵһǰһԷȭһһ´һ
һܵǸķȭҪ֮ʽ
ȻۣżܿͣһܲһֱôȥɣһħצһţֻСȭͷԹԵ
ˣˣ㵽Ҫʲôһε⻰Ҳسˡ
һһ⻰ԹԵݷֿʼ쭣ؿһߴ߿һ޳ܵУ˵ʼӣӾܵȵȡ
һһ׽סݷﲻݵȭͷЦ˼ǡ
˵㶼ˣ˵ôݷͷԼΪ˼ĴС㾹Ȼ˱ƻֶΣ²ЩЦ
һݷĻЩˣ˿ҲΪͬҪȢɾԼ׼ʱȴΪһ뿪Լ
ôˣݷ￴һͻȻ˸е񣬲֪ʵ
һɬЦЦ̾ӵġ
ʲʲôȢˣô죿ݷһȻ½һޣԼɲԸͱŮ˷һˡ
һݷıҲµ뷨뵽˿ȴΪҵŮ˲ܹӵұ޸뿪һԽˣǰ밮Ĳడ
ԼŰɡһդһʱҲû˵¡
ݷˣͬҲͬģ˼Ů˵ң׸Ů˼޳ȥСİԼѵ뿪ԼԼôһĵˣԼܲǿӷֿɣԼʲôŮˡ
˶ǣõġһԵ˵仰ͷҲصʧˡ
ݷۿֱתǿûֻ૵ֻ࣬ϲѽ


37 ջ


ҹɫĵ˴أȻ֣ʮɫħƽĳȾ÷次
¶Ժ۾תŻһȦųٶ۵ؼһıǼԼ·ȱһļ仹ֻͣںһȾƵǶʱ䣬ʲôһ֪
¶櫵ļУڿһӳ˽
㣿ô¶櫼ľȵ
Ǽһġĵ
¶һ죬Ȼ֪ĿеǼһ˭ˣֻǺһһ㶼ð
лл㣬Ľ㡣¶櫸мضĵ
¶ϵЦȻЩϰߣСûѣҲû˺㡣
Ц˹ͨķ¶櫰ЦЦôӶȻÿһ˶ĲõЦݡĵķܿ챻¶櫵Цݸ߽ˣߴߴཻĺýã˲ò̾¶櫵׺
һЩصĲڽͷȺڸǲ˷ļįһһ˦ȥԺеͨˣԵԵɢԼοǿ󣬵ԼŮ鳤ˡ
õ꣬ոտҪȥķűˣһԴŷ˳
ȥˣôڲŻ¶ʵ
ȥ˹䣬С飬һ˯ÿһȤ
¶ͷеء
һ¶櫹ָ
¶èһ˳һһ֮ĶûУǺųģΪھ඼˽ıɱ¾壬¶櫶һȴһ͵иУɢЦоڡ
һ˴֣΢һתƱѷְ̣¶櫵̫ѨϣҪͨһѪı˳һѽ¶ĸС㻤ס
С椣Ǹʲôһεʵ
û¶櫸ʲôأ۸Сռˣ롣һ
һȻŮôôЦֻ۾ԼҪռСıˡ
Ľ㣬ˣһûռҵıˡ¶Ϊһ
Ľ㣿һ¶櫶ĵĳƺЩȣŮʲôʱôҪˣ
ιŮˣֻһСͷۣôңΰΣҿǼǵ˵ҵġһġ
ЩȻذһһۣǵԼ˵仰ͬʱҲǵһµϷš
һķֵİ۵һ£ľȻ΢΢Щ飬û뵽С椳òզΣȴС
Ҳ룬һ¶½̫ѨѨڿʼͨɢȥڵľƾ
̣¶ֻһ̵͵سԺ֮ˬޱȣ㲻ɾ
¶櫰Ħһһò˱Ҫչ˭֪ζ¶櫲ˣһͣŶ̶ĵĽ㣬ȻҲɣĺŶ
һޱʲõջ֣һ¶櫵ıӣˣС飬㵱ѰĦʦ
¶櫻λͷֻһˬͷһҲˣɺʵһħ𣿿㲻սʿѵħ˫ޣ
Ҳһħ˫еģе˼ӵħҲʣ˾Ϳħ˫ޣֶͨƽӹ˾Ҳֻѡһֽ
һʼЦⲻħҲǶʲô˵Ҳ֪
ʱһֵѪɫӡͻȻһ£еһǿҵĺڰħͻȻֱӵĸоʶȥȴɫһ԰ףЩ־΢΢ڰħǴɢġ
һһ㶣ֿ֪ӵĸопǳġǰһץסĵһڰħĲ
ֵԼϵĺڰħջħʧȥǳΪʩߵĿܣһñڰħϵĺڰħܿƵط֪ˣǲȷԼַ̽ۿԼҪѹƲסԼڵĺڰħԪˣʱһͻȻһѽȻΪһҪռԼˣܿ㷢ӿһůԼϵİջ˿Լڵİħ׵ƽϢ


38 çС


˺һһĵѪɫñð
ûˡһĶ
һ죬ƿһζָӵǶ֪˵Щʲô
ǡ¶һ𾪵ָһģɲ֪ղŷʲô飬ֻһͻȻסģĹԹԵشĻһ
ʲô㰡ʱ䲻ˣ˯ˣ컹ءһ¶櫵СԴȻŽٹţŮվԭء
һ˷ƿһ̰ݶýһֻӥ¸ӴȺûзκʩźڰջ˽Լħεúܺãһ޴ֻ֣˻ط俪ʼȫȫڤһҲ򵥣뾡Լʵ
ĺ¶櫲ڴϣһƬ۾ȴںڰо˽ûһ˯⡣
ĺһֻøӴԽþԽغɲ⣬ղŶİҪȻԼݾ͸ñ¶ˡĸҿ϶һԼϵĺڰħΪʲôһı鶼ûأ׾ٵصס˺ڰջĲ̽˭һշת࣬һŽģ塣
Ľ㣬˯𣿡¶̲סˡ
ţʲô£Ĳɵʵ
ղţղŵ׷ʲôˣ¶ʵܾøղһĻе죬ԵզͻȻôһȥء
ĳĬã˵ûʲô˯ɡ
Ŷ¶Ӧһ֪Ĳñ֪ǲ֪˵ˣֻеһĲ
һҹŮԵ˼ĵˣɷˣϵߺֿʼ˷
һһǵĶŷȥһǰ棬ŮŮһһҸһ·˳ĬǳĬһҲ֪ŮôˣһĬزһ
ʱѵ˶ſڣʦףϵʦأϵʦ죬߼սʿʯңʿţѵȺ
Ϻðǳٵ𣿡һЦźǴк
ûУҲŸյһЦݡ
ףѵˣǳɡţŴɤŵƺЩȲӣҲһðյĿȷӡ
׵ͷһӣ˸ɵðСӿʼçƽԭΰղ½ðնӵĳΣսʿΧħʦм䣬ֶϺ
çƽԭһƬޱ޼ʵĲԭ˵ǲԭʵҲȻΪֻΧԿ̲ݣԽԽ鲼ʪأĮȣħڶ࣬˵˵еSħ޶гûðߵãͬʱҲðߵķصأƬԭ֪˶ðߵΪΪʳçƽԭһΣյľ޴󱦿⣬һBħ޵ħ˿ǧϾңAħ޵ħϾǺƽ飬Ȼͦˡ
çƽԭλڿ۹Ͱµ۹ıԵκһҹϽǳңɱû˹ܵġ
ºһһڵ˻çƽԭԵһСϣ˾ȵСķֵӦоУƵĸְҵðߺðСϡ
ۣﶼȵһˡ¶櫾̾ԵѻָߴߴԸ
Ҫĵ㣬ɱǲģǾҪͱͻ׵е֪֮ˣܶӶż𶼺ܸߣʱԿĿԼ
غһȻǶԴ˲ΪȻһЩЦһ￴Ҳʮˣôһֻ֮ûʲôѵΪð߸߶ȼеСƾһ߼ϵʦקħʦҲûʲôֵģ治֪ʮķԵȥˡ
һ׼ҸõһʱǰͻȻǿҵħ
ǱȥҲҪ֡׾
ҪͬʱͻȻһӰӻ֮ط˹ȵһĽ£һħʦİӣһءɫһ±ò԰ףȥ
¶ҲһԵؽץסһ䣬Ťȥٿ
ףǰµ۹ħʦĴħʦϸ˿ʬħۺȵؽе


39 ͻ


ܹ֮һۿʬݣΪħۺ͹ѫ¡ÿҵְҵְҵζһÿȼϵĻҲͬһȷԷݡ
һ˵ðնһ¶櫻ص⣬˶ְҵᡣ˵ְҵ쵽ƵнһܵıͬʱҲӦ񣬱ڱͱᷢͻ߹ʱԮ֣ȻǱڶǾȫԲò֡
Ҷڲභ˫ʱͻȻ̻ͬʱһձֽȻͬͼ
ԭǰµ۹ħʦ۹ħʦᣬǵ£ҸõϢһ°ɡظǰµ۹Ϳ۹ԼһⲻҪˡ
ʱǿҵħķ˷ӿһզսҪˣС򲻻ᱻħʦΪƽذɡ
ģȻԶᵽСȥϵʦȻºͣº͵ıֺγӳԵأÿ˶ԼΪȣȺµĹҲ⣬²ѣ߸߹
һɫֵȼħʦˣսʿ͹֣ǸԻİ֡ССĻçСŸðߺƣ۹ħĳͻж˱
Ȼ˵̵һʼƺƵӿȥȻв˴ħʦʩŵƮǳ̫׳ˡ
ҪǸȥ֡һ˹ģĴPKɲܼŵġ
ǲҪˣôħʦƻǷǳ˵ģȥܱܿˣǻȥҼõס°ɣþ쿪ʼçƽԭ׷Ե
ðնԹΪӳȻȻҲûʲô˵ġһõҪļ䷿һ䣬¶櫺ȻסһˣħʦסһʯұʾҪ͹סֻʣһţˣڵȻţһ䷿Ǵûʾһ淴ӳǶ˵ӡ
˷䣬һغͻȻѹţӣ
ţһҲֵܣһΪǿߣһ·ֻСʱ˵ѰȻǴ񾭣Ҳ֪˻ٶЩֻһƵЦĻеů
ţһĻͷ˹߰˳ߵһһԴƿе㻬
һţһֹͨţţһͷ
һŵӹ⣬һ򿪴Դ˿棬ȴ治ٴֻ֣һû̵ӡһץסţһƮƮŵˣţΪһţҲƺһЩ˳ݡ
˳ɱȥճſڣָȥֵ˻治١ʱһͻȻۼسϤӰǰɱ
С飬ȵǡһûһѾͷܵǰˡ
һĺŮͣתȴ˵Ŀ
һҾ֪һ͵ܳ¶櫽ЦƺΪԼжϼΪ⡣
̫˼ˣҲкһЦϰߵص˵¶櫵ıӡ
Ľ˵ǿ϶׷ģǾȳˡ¶ƺҲһϰˣһյı鶼ûС
һģ˿һܱܣһ֪ԼڰħͦصһˣʶؾͶнġ
ʱԶͻȻ¡¡ıըض
ˣǿȥһ˷ܵ
ǱӦһξ룬һԥһʩӼϣԼһ˳ȥֻһᣬٶȶȻӿ˼֣һʲôҲ֪һֽţһɫʱּ˼֡
սǻçԭıԵս˫ǧˣǳǻֺ׳ۡһ⻹һЩҲڹ
ʲôΪжңȥʲô˼һ˫սĳʧ
ǣЩħʦ֪ͷڹڱţͷͬС
ţܿ㷢¶櫺ŭĿӣλͬҲħʦºͷϵţǵҲ˵ǣ˵ǡ
ŮһҪ֪¶Ҳһħʦȷ˵һħ֣֪Ĺֺħʦħӳڹʮ־޴󣬱һĹҪǿöࡣ


40 ϵħʦ


һ֮ԾʧΪ˫ûо෴ǶʮƴֻߵħʦǸʩųֵԷĽѤħ̻һڽըƵȷʮֺƴ󣬵˰ȴû˾;ûʲôͷˡ
˫ǧ˵Ĵսʱһᣬȷû˵һǿһѾˣ˫һƵģǿӿݵĶħನҲΧ۵Ѫӿ֧Ųס˻ȥˡ
սһµƤƲ˳ѤħҹɫԵԽˡ
ȥҪʲôʱ򰡣ðţ˯ˡţЩסˡ
ʲôʺϷϾҪˡһЦЦ˫ĽѾʼˣȻǿ쵽˼ޡ
Ȼһ˵ûһ˫ħһҵػζͬһʱʧˡ˫ħʦԼͬʼħǰæսʿƻԷӪȥҪ֪ʦĽսԲ㣬ڽ£սʿɱʦ͸ɱ˶١
ʱսʼҽ˷һǻͱϴͻ̣ѵȣ׵ʥҹա˫һʧأҽڶ״ǧٹ֣е˱˺̿е˱˱е˱ͻ̴⴮
һĿɿڴҶֻҵķʦսջò񫣬־̫ˣǧħʦʵ̫޴ˡ
Сģˡһףһ̧ͷһǻ곯ߺ˹
˸ˣͻȻ͵ؾҲ˱ǱڵأҪ޴ѷսӹʱǻǵسǽ䡣
һֱ죬ԭĲɱèһɱˡ
ţǡһеӿռָó޽˽ħǻţҲóһĵɢ
һˣѷ쵽ǲԶֹͣˣǻֻͻһ˲ûܵ˺ֻǱһЩѡܶΧ߾ûôˣܶ˱ҷɵħˡ
һ˰ɡ¶µ
һͷͬ⣬̫Σˣˡ
ʱһֻһͣΧĿ·һ㡣ոջŵȻħͻȻ˻һ㣬һԵô졣
ѽΧħԪȫˡͻȻһȻ
һһţȻûһ˿ħԪؾۼ
ô£һһ˼ı顣
ֻһܣ˲ˡĵ
˭ôһȵ
Ӧλħʦеһ˭Ͼ֪ˡĵ
Ļһ䣬ͼһӰһλżΪĻħۣ뷢Ϊ߰ħʦħʦභսħϾµĻƹһλħʦ
ϵħʦ˹ĺ¶뾪
˹˭һһܰ׳յ⣬ţҲҰƵĿ֪˹Ĵһ㡣
һٺһЦѰһ¼䣬ԼȷʵôһˡҲܹһҪ־͹ǲѧСӵļŮ֮ͦģġ
˹Ĳ״ͷֱ˫һˣвħʦ˲ǰµ۹۹ˣҲǿ۹ˣһǵСҵˣ˿ڲһ򣬵Ϊλħʦܱ߹Ұ۹Смӡ
ħʦұܣش˼ҵ徲ȫɢ˰ɣٴɱɱҾͱҲˡ˹Ȼ
˹Ļһǧһ˷ĬĬʼʰͬʬ壬ħʦħʦϵĴڡ˹ģħʦսž˶ǵһβμӣܶƽʧʹ
ɢȥȺ˹̾һҡͷ½Ҫ̫ƽˡ
˹֪˹ģĹսؽϵ߶Ƚţħʦϡ٣ףһôϵõй
˹ȥͻһĿͣԼϣܻͷȥֻԶһ޼ɵشԼĿд档
˹һ棬Ҫ֪ݾ۹ĻʵۿҲǳ𾴣ĻĿ⿴Ҫ˵ĽǾһ˫Ŀʵʵа㳯һȥ
ֻһ˫Ⱪ粽õ˹š
ףСӡ˹


41 ħ


һ˻ص˻çСһ·ıǻϵħʦ˹ĴԼ֮ԳڻçƽԭĲ²⡣
һҲ̻˹Ӱ̸ЦǧħʦɲʱʧȥսĿֲʵһˣ룬ԼʤжأһҡҡͷĴ𰸲ֹ̫ۡ
ڿռָϷһЩ伮һ֪Ϊʲô˹˲ΧħԪصһħһӴħ;ΪܴһʩħʧЧʩߵĹȴ
ħ򲢲ÿ˴ħʦ˶ʩŵģҪĻһ֣λħʦֻʩųһλǻϵħʦ˹һλǹ̻ʲ˹ȻħҲȻŶ򣬿۹ʥĽݲʩųڵħǶȴǲö֪ˡ
һЩ٣ԼЩǿߵĲʵ̫ˣԼǧħʦҲֻ֮󼪰ɣԼܵĹȽͻȻһ۾һԼһǧħʦȻûʲôʤ㣬˹Ͳһһʤ㶼ûСħȻʩŲħȴڴƷΧ֮ڰɣǵĽԼóǬŲƼϸմĶƷƣмʤģħʦʵǿʲô̶˭֪أ
һͻȻ˹ȥǰľ棬Ϊʶһ£û뵽ֻǴԼα৵һûӰˡ
ڶ峿һ˵ðնӿʼŲãĻçƽԭչž˵ϴĵͼ꣬ʧ֮ڻçƽԭĶ;ҪƬĮԸֵȼħ޵в
ͰħʦĴսǰçԭȿÿ峿ð߳çԭͷ
çƽԭԵشûʲôΣգûĴǵͼħޣһһ˱˵˵ЦЦϵر֮лϵħʦƺ̫Ը˵ϵħʦżº͵زĸ߼սʿʯҲԴǣֻǿıƺҪ׺ţˣ˵һ㣬ĭɣһ¶ڶгĴȤһ·Ҳڣǰһֻż¶һֹ֪˵Щʲô
һô֪ùȥˣһһдϼȼһΧһߵŻϴŵļֻãȫ¶ɱģҲһʶħֵħԪػûɵļʸӰ٣ٶ죬Щܵʶûоͱħʸ˸Դ
һûаҪˡ¶۰Ͱ͵ɢŨŨζĻõ
ٵһϾҪˣèһЦʱѱ˽ɫһεֱµˣټζҲҪˮ
ᣬţɱҸء¶罿ָָţֻֻţһգҲգض⣬ʿˮĹھ׵ҹԵø
ۼˣһѸͳĨȥζʱŨذ˸һ˿ˮ
һֻãÿ˷ֵ˰ֻÿζջȲؿ
ţе죬ֻȫţǣһ´ͣ۰Ͱ͵˳Ե
ò˵ʵһ߳Ŀ⼼Ϊ¶櫺ŮССĻÿеһ㲻ʣ
úóŶһԺÿ쿾ǳԺòá¶һ̵õ˴ҵͬ
ò¶櫼һûлӦʹŮ˵ɱﵡֱֻһĸ첲һ档
һͻȻ̧ͷǴһ˿ЦȻˣֻ鷳ˣȽ˵ɡ
鷳ʲô鷳¶櫸ո꣬ͻȻɫһ䣬͵վһű̵Ĺգ۳ϡ
ʱҲͻȻо˿еѹ֣׷վڳսơһղžͷ˲ԣΪոջҪĳͻȻʧˣܿǿħ޴Ƭ
еԵѹˣһ˶ЩţܷƵħ˵ҲBAħҲ˵ʱڰͻȻһֻ۾һֻ׵üЩ͸۾۾ĸ߶ħƺܽС
һд˸ͻʲôħޣôô졣
ֻһֻɫ۾Ĳ֪ħԽԽ˵ҲԽԽšʱֻħ¹¶ĿһŷִΪĸ߼ħһͷڰ׵СϻһұһѩףҲһһףֻֻɫ۾ҹɫпѡ
ÿɰСϻ¶櫾̾Ȼ׼Ĺ
¶ˣ˵һֻAħޡ׼˭Ҳֻܱ֤޺Сϻ᲻ṥǡ
ˣ̫ţСǲûж⡣һСϻ˫ǵײеħͽˡ
СϻʱӣĿ⿴Щùͷ¶ԻĲ⡣һ֪СϻΪλˣӦǿõζֻСġ
Сϻ¶櫶СϻſֱۣǽСˡ
Сϻ˿¶ûдһ˫ĿͣһϣͻȻ¶˷ܵɫСŴ¶櫵һ£ΧһתȦͻȻһֱֻǰȴһĽϣһһֻ۾һؽиͣ
һɻؽСϻֻԾBAƵСôʾءһַСϻ࣬Сϻһܵģ
϶ֻĸġ¶櫶ʼû뵽СϻȻһȥˣﲻƽˡ
һЦЦʵ˭֪ʲôħޣ
˷׷ҡͷ׵û˵ֵħޣͼҲûбħޡ
ԴԺСϻֻðնӵĵھԱܲÿҪԵʮֻòŻ㣬ҴҷֵֻСһ֮ͲκιֶΡҲָ߼ħ޵ƣһ·ħ޶ܵԶԶġ
һֱӾ͸СϻȡΪȻѪǾѪɫĹǼӡصãһһһǼֵܳˡ¶櫶Сϻʾؿ飬˽ΪȡΪ׼ӺڣСϻƫƫϲÿһһСϾƨƨߵֱܹҡβ͡


42 ؼʱ̣


İ棬һһڵ˻çԭĻĮչ׵ĵͼֻҪٴһƬԵﴫ˵еʧ֮ǡ
ƬĮǵϢأǧҪСġ׾һʶǳǿħޣ˵ĶѪֻͨCнħޣ֮ͨϻԼ𱳵ΪBнħޣΪAнħޣ𱳵ΪS½ħޡͨһʮʮֻȺӣΪȺӡ
ʵ֮ΪħеǿΪǲʩκħ෴ǵǳֲҲߵþˡ
ƾһһеʵǿӦһȺͨһͷҪԸܣ𱳵ܷһ⡣
׶ԵϰرϤƣʱץһһţܹ˺üȺһԶԶع۲ʵνúͳһ飬һֻֻ򾣬һ壬͸ϴ°ࡣ
ϢƣǰϢһһֻõ֣ҹèӡ
˵ֻҪٹԴԽƬĮˣǲ⣬һֱʵͻȻưô꣬һ¾ҹ
ҹʱ֣Ȼ¸ͣХĿͺ¡¡׵羡ƬؼŰһԼԼĴڤ룬Сϻ˯㡣
ͻȻһյ˫ĿȻȵ˭
ң¶櫡ڴ¶櫲
һüѾͷҹ˯ʲôɲΪ¶˼ܹ
ɡһʵ֮ڤܹ¶ΪþΧ˽ƣֻҪ˻ﴥ˽ͻӦ
¶櫽С˽ЩɪվſڡһħƣɲʱһƬ
һǳĴ󴲣¶һӿɵۣҲһֻռָȽϸ߼ˣʮƽ׵Ŀռ䣬װŴ󴲺Ҳװʲô
С飬ҵĴɣҪҪһ˯һŲһ˫ɫֱ¶ȫ
¶һ죬˵ЩʲôʱͻȻһըʱһֱֱ˹¶ѸٵһĻУһƨɼһߵСϻ
СϻѹһԼλñ¶ռˣ˼û˴һԾһһߺ˯
㺦´ףһʵ˿ůڻôһҹҪ˵ûа뷨ǲܵġ
š¶һĻеͷӲϿ˿ɶ
Ҳˣ㲻𣿡һֵʡ
Ľңڤˣҽȥ񡣡¶ʱһ֮ҲٿȻ١
ŮΧסһͬ˿̵㣬¶ϵζѬ²ݣƳŵʮһؿڣ¶ԽԽĺţһֹֻ꣬Ӧ
ĽҲڴˡ¶ֻС϶һӲӲĶΪһĽ˴ϡ
һһ㶣ϷӦ¶˵ʲôһЦǰҵĽһء
ÿˣҺò¶˵žͽС̽ȥһ׽סһĻȵĶ¶櫺󣬸оֵĽ϶˶һֽеһĽʲôģô̵Ļᶯ
һ֪ˡһͳЦЦôţⶢС¶櫡
¶櫿һЩЦݣܾﲻԾһת͵ؽ˿
㡭¶櫿һǶϸߵ񣬾ٱҲ֪ʲôˡ
һź֪¶櫣˫һԼĻС
ʲô¶ҧ´ҶһǷݳҪԼ˶ڻ
һ¶櫳Ķߴһ㣬вУ
¶ȫһ֣ȫĲʶص˵ͷҡͷ
һѹ¶ϣ˵ıǼشһЦֵͷҡͷǴлǲأ
¶櫸ʵظ˫ȽһоԼ˽ܴҺ彫㶼ʪˡ
һ¶櫴Щૻ֪Źػٽһ
һӦһס¶櫵촽¶ֻԺһһƬհףʲô뷨ɵߣֻԼ鱾ܵػӦš
ţͣ˴Ľһ𡣲֪ʱһĴ¶櫵壬˽СϿɲСǻ֬任Ÿ״嶥һ̺š
һĴ뿪˱úĺ촽۾ͣ¶ļϣһŽһ麬˱¶櫳ȵıϢзһƵ˫ȼеˡ
ģһĴƣ¶櫵Ĵȼе̫һֻСıԵǻ¶櫷һЩһĴֳû֮䣬ǸſӴʪȸоһ̾СС
һ¶櫵ػ԰òȻǸſӣĩµСôִ̼أֻȫƤһۺ죬Ծùַ£﷢ʶ
һ⿪¶櫵ֱ棬һƬ۵ëһֱָӰһ۵ķ϶ŢһƬ
Ҫ¶ȫһֻסһĴ֡
һûг֣ľ飬Ů˵ҪܿǷɫȻͣ
㣬Ҫ¶Ŷؼסһ˽ܴĴ֡
һ㶣¶櫵Ĳ룬ʵΪʲô
¶櫵ˣҧ촽˼ң˼


43 


һȻϼ¶櫣˿ǣ׼һٽأʱȴͻȻ˵ҪⲻҪ
һ˼ҪҪ̲סˡ¶ȫ΢ţĿﲻסˡ
¶һܵӣһƵسǴ¶Ĵ֣Ӳ÷ǵʾǿҵĿ顣
¶æҵش·ЩƲֵһҧҧһˣôɡ
һ۾һûü˵ͱ¶һ˴
ȥ¡¶櫿籩ֻֽ꣬קסһ
ŮޣһȻᷴԣʱĵ͵͵ϲء
һ˶ħһ˶Ŷ֣Ҳ±ˮʪߵӪʰ׵ľ룬¶櫺һתȥ׼͵
һ㶼ҿˣٶ࿴Ҳûʲôɡ룬һǹԹԵתͷȥˡ
һת¶櫿첽˼Աһ԰˸ߵĲݴ¶ʱĶͻȻһֵУ·ͽߡ¶櫱ܵһתͷֻѪ۾ȻӡС
¶һ߿ԵļУûŵûɢ
һת¶櫸պĻСһЦſŴӲݴľͷ⾹һֻͷǶѪ۾ŭؿҵصࡣ
һֻĵҪļɫģһֻAн׵
һ¶櫻ˣǿħҲֻһֻBĴ֮ܣͣǽҲɱһֻȴħܶҪǿһȼһ˿뵽ֻܣ˸ȫҲĩشù
ʱӰӰӪ˳ԶԶ˹׵Ĵɤţһǳʲôˣ
֨ѽһʮ״˸ɲֻţĳ嵽һ˵ߣ֮вż鰡
ʱʧȥԣͷ˹̬ɭݷ⡣
սʿǰסħʦˡ״󺰵֪ЭĻȫҪ군
һţףʯλսʿǰ棬ħʦ˺ʼˮ񱩵й׵צӡճ˲԰׵ɫ
Ҫˣ֡һȵ𣬵νâͬ𣬽âֱָ˫ۡţ׺ʯҵĹҲ󣬴ĶǵԴĲλ
ۿһνâҪ˫Ŀȴٶ˿һֻӴ廯ΪһӰǳβһ޺ɨ
ֻ鼸ĵӰʱٶȵ˳ȥѪꡣһ磬ס˹ؼλҲȫѪӿƺʵһ顣
ʱħʦǵħõˣصĻϵħڴֻƽʱһ룬ûʲôӰ졣ĹⱩҲûʲôЧʥ˵Ĺ׵ˣ¶櫵ħʸҪҪƬϣĵľ񹥻Щηηβ
ѭһȦһڵѪƽƺЩ¾񹥻һӴľüĵʶɢεа˫Ŀ۾ĴҪ˼ֵ꣬۾׵Ĺڡ
һľҪĵǿĶ࣬ȻħȴǾܵĶǿߡȻƲͷҺһӣһ˻ᣬǬŲ˳ѷľ޽һͿȴֻ˰Ƭۡ
ˣȻоʹԴӽͷľβһۣ񱩵һɨ
һƾ֮յرܹĹԺȴ˼ţħҲšʱһ˵һѪžۣ˵ʺ䣬ǲҲһأ
һ׼ðȥһԵʱͻȻĺھߴ硣
һһ㶣ǲߵ𣿴ߴߴ֪ģǱĴ
һһαܹĹͣĲϣһֱþ񹥻סһԲô׶Ĺ
һ绮ʣǵһؿߴ紦һССݣƬûطôֻбһ㣬Ǳˡ


44 ׵


һ׼ʱڶ߰β˫ִ޽泯£һһԾ𣬽⳯ߴİݴȥνâ޽ѲȥС롣
ʹͷӴӷƵŤϷ·Ҫϵ˦һץס˱ϵƮֻΧɫѻΪһƬתӰתתתͷۻŻ¡
һ˼˿ľȥ¶櫼Σգ벻ܲ˵سȥȴһץסֻ˵һ仰
һ۾˫֣һһ㽫޽°޽ûһʱͻȻʧ޽жһ嵽ףֻ½¶档
ʱתͻȻסһ񱩵ĺȫͻȻ˼֣һֻһޱߵӿѱ类ػһ㣬ѪҺɲʱѪڱγһķ羰
һ¶һ˺ѷεĺŭˣ£ŽƹâļʸԲʮ֮ڶš
Ҫ¶櫡ľеһȥס¶櫵֣ȴǿˡ
¶櫣һ϶ûµģˣǧɵ¡ĵ¶櫵ǰ棬֪ĿֲǾһؼʵĻǿд޶ǰٷ֮ٻᱻɣҲһˡ
¶֧ɫļʸشӹʧˣʱѪͣشߴ紦ӿűˢµС
ˣǿɷˡ˷ܣħҲֵϽҰ
ɾڴΪϾҪ˵ʱǰ˫ĿͻȻð˵Ľ⣬ߴϲŵľ޽ʼ
ʲʲôҪˣҪΪ𱳵ˡײŵ޷ڿҪʱȻᷢѵǹʵͽ
𱳵ô죿˽ɵˣAн׵͹ˣΪSĽ𱳵ǻ
ˣûȫȥɱִ޽سȥ֪һɹǴﶼҪ군
ʱ˫ĿĽԽԽʢȫʼɢ⣬˵Ĺû˿ܣһɹͿߴ紦ľ޽ԽԽˣԻٶȿʼϰ
һŢɳϣ˶˵ǳ鶯һ£˫Ŀһ϶ԼԶðŽӴ壬ӰعħҪħƵйϡһƺ˹˵ҪΪ𱳵ˣĻ鷳ˡ
һɹʱһ¶ʲôȥֹأ
һɫ绮Ʋ񷡣һôϤĻ氡һ롣һ׵罻ҹѵעԼҲҪһҹʧ
֪᲻ֱ׵һأһ׵в֮ԵһЩԳ
׵磬׵硭һ૵ţ۾һһŵ磬ͻȻˡ
׵׵һ촽΢ԼѾڤôˣ˵ʩų׵׵˰
һʶųٻɫĵϵħԪأΪһϵħԪؾŨ˲š
ǿʱͻȻһѹϴ̧ͷһֻۼţƵ͵ƺֿ̧ɼرִȻ޿ɵƣһëһֻȻ֮
ҵѽǿߡ״һԶȥ
һſкƲ㣬񺰵׵ͷŰɣɣǸ
ϺȥĿ¶־֮ɫش޶ļӿ죬ҪֲĴȻ
ʱһһֱ۴ֵһ͵£ߴ紦ĽǽõĽɣ񱩵׵ɲʱĵطȫȥð˵⣬ǽƵĹâһµࡣ
ϲΪһȻشȴҪɣССĴ˻һ¾ˡû˼ӣһ磬ֺػͬһطڶ׵֮ͻȻʮ׵޼Ӵһ±׵÷ȫð̣ڱоȻŵ˿ζ


45 ̰ԵС


һֻʶһ䣬ѴڰԵ״̬ת޸˵ľ
ǺĿֲƲɢȥգۼС꣬ٽȫͣʱɷˡ
׵ʵŪ׵ΪʲôӶǡǡߴţѵĹĻ
һһ¶櫻ع񣬴ų˳ȥѰһΪһ˦ȥķǡú෴
һŢɳﲻ֪ʱ¶櫵صһ𣬱֡ĺţ֪ʱվ󣬽һĵ֮ɫͬĵһĨĸ
һ۾һӲЦݰοԣˣһ¶ûС¶滨һ˿ֻ̣˷ǣ˷á
׼ΧΧżĴһ
ף㽫ħڳɣǿֵϽҰزŵ۾̰
׵ͷ޽ʼԴֻһħ˾ͱıüˡ
ȫ֯׵ƻˣ˹Ѵ֮ܿ죬һдŽƵħ˳ڼ˵ǰħɫģǽΪ𱳵Ĺбɱģħһֲʱ䣬ħ˵ļֵҪϼˣǿ൱ڰSħ޵ħ˰
ˣˡؼֱ
²һ˼ˣƽʱһȻҲʧ̬ˡ֣˿ֻħˣһͱ׵ˣΪһðնӵĶӳʱľٶʵڲǡ
ڹҪħץеʱͻȻһӰѸֵħ˾Ȼˡ˷ܵļһ̧˹ȥֻֻڰ׵Сϻǿħˣ¡һȥ
ǿһȥǿϾҰȥôءǱСϻ󣬵ȴҲϲϡ׷˰죬Сϻ৵һ¶㵽һǵĺˡ
ڸʲôţɻؿĹˡ
׽סСħȥˡشе
һתͷСϻſڵϱ˫ۣȫɢŵɫâ
ħ˵ɱˡָСϻе
һ̧ۣĿֱֱأ̰ļһﾹɱС
׳ֱһɱһɣ̼Բ岻һ˹׵
˭ҲСҲһƿ¶վȻɫ԰׻ѪŨصɱȴÿ˶޷ӡ
׿ƺͷԲǿħ𣿴ҲҪΪ˺ҵʧ֮ǣ˵õڴҶԪһٳʵ׺γҪǿħˣһսֳʵǳɻ䣬֪Լ϶Ķ֣¶櫣Ļţվһߣ֮£ҵʧ֮ǸΪҪһЩ
˵ˣصȼҲûٷԣǲǷͻĿܻԼ
һ۾ħСϻεЦЦСһĩҲ̫ˣѵΪԼûаΣˣ
ԭһ죬һѻָ߰˰ˣһڹٴ̤ðյ̣һȴ֪ϵͲȹ̵˸Ѻۣ˸Էֳɣһһ¶櫣Ļţһǹףأ컹ʯҡ
СϻСһֱڳ˯֮УһʱỹȫյħˡһñСϻӦΣķĻçԭһʲôͻ¼ˡռָﲻܷŻĶҪֱӽָȥˡһǺ뽫ŵѪɫЩǼӴһ𣬴ԪռǿԷŻģﵽźڰϢŵ˭֪ᷢأСϻƾʧ˲ý͡
һڻĮ죬ڳ˵أûüһǰľȴǽһƬһ޼ʵһȥ·һƬڵ֮Уܶطڹ๾ðݡ


46 ͵


ǻçԭΣյĵضΣ֮һСݽȥ֣֮Ҫ͵ħ޹УоSSħ޿ޡ
óͼϸһƬΣյĵڣһСı֮ءÿﶼһľȣС̽ŵӲȣٶȷǳ
ҸϣǧҪСġһ߷Ըһǰ̽·ݵͼ·Ӧûģֻǰٶûа봩ƬΣյĵ⻹ֹ۵Ĺơ
ףǿʲô¶ָǰԶؽе
ȥԶһĶ߽㣬ȻһħˣCģмBģرһAϵħ˵Ĺâرҫۡ
찡ħ޵ħˣôؾеǻϵķʦһżƷħ˵ľϲȻԶ͡
ص±ȥȴһס׵嶯Ѿƫ˵ͼ·ߣΣա
ù׵ĵͼ˿ЦףƫٰһûµģҿǲȥɱҶ̰˵һǴħȥʯԥһ£Ҳȥ
ǿħ޵ħ˹ңһһ롣ؿʯҸ˵
촽˶̾һԸûʲô²źá
һ۾ŸغʯСǴħȥҡҡͷĵɻһһĻᷢǸطΣһӵ˸߼ħ˵˿϶ǵ֮ϻƬԲ²Ѿѣһ˶ǸطѾ˵˺ܶ⡣
ʱغʯѾߵǴħ˵ǰ棬ȴĩʲô顣ػͷһǵһЦ۷ŹȥǴħˡ
֪ҲȥˡԼͷԼ̫Сˡ
ȻһҲҪǴħˣȴûûиȥСĲܻóá
سǴħ˺ͶЦˣɾİʱͻȻһߴ̶̧ͷΧʮֻѪĳӣֻգһ۾ȻǰһƬѪ죬ûýгѾһƬѪɫˣԱߵʯȻҲûӹجˡ
⣬ôˣһǣÿ϶һ־ı顣
ˡ૵ȻûдӸղǶΰĻָ
һһղŷʲôɿڸǴħɵЦʱͻȻΧĵֻܳѪɫĳӣһգۼֻѪɫĳӾͬɽ緢һӵ𣬻û˵£غʯȴôʧˣֻǴħȻڵ⡣
ÿ°һ¶櫽ץסһĴ֣Щ
̰ĵ³һ
ǰ֮һһС࣬յͼ·ǰһҲƫ
ô߶Ƚŵʮ죬;ҲһЩ͵ħޣЩαװþ͸һƬز࣬ߵԱߵʱͱѣڴҵЭ֮ҲоյĶȹˡ
ĺҹĺҹΪÿεϣϿյĵͻúŨŨԽϵ֮ȫڡ
һĴϣޱƣҲǿɶ֪Լ¶櫺ˣŮÿ϶¶һԺаͷܸжһԽԽǱûţаֱð
ҹѾˣһӴһԾðһҹ롣һļȻħʦǿ϶ҪڤģԼ͵͵ȥС͵͵Ҳᷢ֡
ֲָǲܵģҪȻֲֿҰ޹ǰʱͿ޶޲ˡƾŸоһߵȥ֮ǰ¶櫺Ľ
ŵڣһеطſںΧþħµĽƣӲĻȻᾪġ
һٺһЦŲȫ֪ͬħãħҲɡ
ʵȻһǰ㣬׾ٵͨ㾫ħƽڣӭһڣ֪һֱ¶ϵѬ²ݵζ
ڰУһԼһڤһ˯㡣һһЦȻԼϰڤĿ϶ģŵıԼĸαСˡһȥ¶櫵ߣת§˻С
֮һҪСһ׼һűȥ
ȫһڣԽˡ
һСһ׽סؿһԷã·࣬оͦ
Ů֮סһһ⣬ֵ¸ǻٳŮĳܼޡ
һ˱СС죬ڳУɢҷŮʱԣצǻ䷢ǣسǿҵĴҩһһ޷ơ
һˣ˻ԣ˳»ȥ´һڽɢһƽ̹СŮػ԰ıԵشС鲢ûϴǰ˫ȣϵſ˵ȣСǰ˶ʼѰ̽ء
СһǵԽˣһɴ⿪һʿһֻŮĹɼ֣һֻץסһֻССһССһԵҪܣһԸСĿ꣬˵һԡСûܣֻǴһһһˣץС¶šô£Сֵƺ׸ôˣһһ¿ʼɬŪ
һˬغ˺ߣЩ֣Сڿʼֵ÷ǳ飬һҲϴôɬ
ģһ˼ޣЩ³ȥŮĿӣѹȥСһһʪůķ϶֮䡣ʱһƼ㣬˶ƮƮɡ
һСеĳ䡣һ϶һ˲䣬ǰĶȻͣ
һһ亹СһҲȥ˼֡ڲ֪֮˾¶櫣¶櫵Ķǳģ֮Ķ䡣Ȼ¶櫣ǿ϶ˡ


47 һν


ļһûжǻ˾ôܵ§һĬ˭Ҳû˵ʮֹ졣
Ҳ֪˶ãһ·ʱĺңôҲû뵽ڤľȻ¶櫣˯ķġ
ôˣһߵſڵʱļҪƽĲй¶ʱҵ顣
һӶ˶٣̾һͳԲ𡣡˵ƿŴ˳ȥ
ĬĬشѣ˽ƺǻȵĴУȴͻȻһʹ㴭ԼʲôʱϲǸƤЦûΣȴ͸صأǵһμʱľȶԼڻиջԼ̽ԼҲǺ֪ϲһˣȴϲԼ
ĲһΪһжԼĴһסʱѾ֪ˣտʼǳһֱܣӭȴ˽ģ֪һΪ¶櫣ȴȻûгѣΪֻҪԼӸһǱΪŮˡ
ۿŮŨŨરવ䣬һһˤķѡ
һȥͻȻԼЩ޳ܣ۸˾ߣǲ̫ˡҲ¼ֳҲкܴһģ˼Ůռôһ˻˵ʲôأ
һˣʱôأѵǵóŵҪȢɡһĶͷһ˵˴ϡ
һͷͷϸϸԼ׶ʲôоúƽҲѿĳʱҲܿɰڰħ;ħ⵹Լͬһˣô˵Ҳǲܽȥһóôһۡ
Ժö׽׽һ¸飬ڶˣһҲûʲôɣֻҪʵȢҲû˵㣬һݵ֮ͨһûûε˯ˣɲ֪Ĵʱȥء
ڶһ磬¶櫴ڤ˹һ½ǣתͷȴĲˡһӭ峿Ŀʪ󵫲¡¶櫽˽ϵѣ̧ͷվڲԶԶ
Ľ㣬ô˰¶ߵ˵
תӲЦЦǰ˯ţ͸͸
¶櫼һҹ֮಻ɴһĵĽ㣬ɫôô岻𣿡
Ŀɬĵͷ̾û£ֻû˯öѡ
¶һ֣˵ħʦ˯ǺܺõģΪǿľܣ֪Ȥûʡ
ʱһ簡λŮ
¶һ㿪ĵת˹ȥֻֽסһֱۡ
ҿɲŮƺΰɡһͷҴҴһȥ
ιģ߰һȤءһĵıӰ
һߵĻĵһͣĲ仰ʲô˼أǴȤĻ׼İʾĲҶ룬첽
һĽ¡¶櫵ĵ
ţӦаɣ֪Ůÿ¶ô鲻ãϲ˼ġһٺЦ
¶һ죬ᣬͰ˵ĽǸɲʱ򡣡
Ŷʲôʱ򣿡һȤ
ǡҸҪ㣬ɫǡ¶櫷ֵİһһۡ
ǸܳɰɡһٺЦ
¶󿴿ҿȷţǻûʱֱżյһĶߡ
˰ɣȥĽˡ¶˵󲻸ֱһȵߺܿˡ
ͣһһֿʼǰˡһ·һʱһᶺģκС椺Ƴ˳ģͲǲ
ףҪòſԴƬ󰡡ʽѾҪԲˡ
ͳͼϸ˿ˣٶȣֻҪһǱԴƬˡ
ֻҪһͿԴ˶ɾһ𣬹Ǿͱʾʧ֮ˣһʱҵ鶼һ·Ҳʼ˵˵ЦЦˡ


48 Ѫɫ溣


Ϊ߳ĹطҶԼͬؼӿٶȡ
ۣǿǰʲô¶櫾ϲشС
˶ͣ¶ϲЦݣԭԶԿһƬдв꣬˵ǰԶıԵˡ
ҼӰѾϾͿ߳Ƭˡ״еƬðնӵԱȻǾȡΣվͻ༸֣֪󲢲£ǵĿĵʧ֮ǲµĵط
ǵ˸߲ҵ˳嵽ıԵʱе˶һղŵ˷һӾʧӰˡĲݵˣ׿ĵȴһƬ֮أһƬŢѪɫĳӣֽغʯ˲еʬǲʣĿֲ档
ףô죿ͼбôͨ𣿡쿴ƬѪɫĳ溣ɫ԰ףɲ͸һ³
ҡҡͷɫǰĩأͳͼһһ飬ߵ·ȫǰյͼ꣬ͼȴûбôֲ档
ˣǵŬ׷ˡ̾ʵûͨ׵ľ롣
ʱţ¶櫻ĶԵһǵǱʶΨհˣڹӳǷŲ
һҲƬ溣һʱҲ벻ôȥע⵽ЩѪɫֻ׿Ţûһֻߣ᲻ΪأҪȻЩôô
ǸħʦƮҪȻǹȥġƵ
ǶƮҲпܹȥһЦ
ô˵ʵ
һѵ°˺һ鲼Уڼ˲溣ϿȥֻոճƬ溣ϿգЩջеͷһƬ̶ĽѸײڶ֮ƴɲǼһƬ֮ڣЩѪɫǸ˿Ҳˡ
𣿳ǿԷɵ׵ĸ߿գҪȻȥһ
˶Ĭˣɶɹȥʲô취أѵҪһ
ۿɫѽɴȴһĪչ֮¹ֻ÷ԸҾ͵Ӫ취
Ӫ׼Ϣʱ̫һҲ˵ƽ֮УһƬڰʱһȫŴͣһһ㶿Ƭ溣
ۣƯ¶鲻Խ˭Ҳû뵽Щ˲¹ͷа浽ϾȻᷢ⣬һֻֻþӨ͸ɷƯֻķźĳγһѵĿ߼ʵĺɫ֮ںҹԵұ
˾վҹɫ²׳ĳ溣ĬҲ֪˶ãĳ溣֮ͻȻð˹๾ݣһֻֻƵж˳óªޱȣ͹ɢĵĹâͳģ泤˼ݣеƵϵĳȴΪ͵öࡣֵЩѪɫ沢ǣһǾɢ˿
ʲôһʵЩƵĶƺץЩʲôֲ
ʳޣǧֻȺһֻҪ䵽ܽʥǴħʦһֲĳӾ͹ͷˣֶЩʳޣѵֹֻڴǲİҡͷ̾įĽ
ҹʱ֣һڤܾƺ뵽ͨƬķȴЩģÿÿ뵽ؼץסˡ
һ߳ĳ溣ȻҫšߵıԵЩʳ޷ʳȻע⵽һһΧ˼ʮֻȴЩѪɫһҿߡ
ĿǸԵӰǳӣĽűܵس˻ðΣʧ֮ǵȻҲĿģȥƬҲܷգ˴ķһȴ㲻ʲô
⼸һһֱ˵ǲԣһ͸нԼ˼ȴͻȻˣһ溦һѤݣһ溦ΪԼǣһ
˾͹ɡҪȥʱһȻڶ
һ̧ͷȥһԭأΪʲôԼĶһأϰһ˾ȵı£ֻԥһºͳһȥ


49 1


һԱһҲ֪˵ʲôβһϻ˯𣿡
һתͷЦˣ˵ʲôҪԼ˵ˣˡһƽƽȴһԷǳƯ۾譲ǿһ㣬˿Ҳѷɫ
㣬㶢ҸлıһôֱֱżΪڣ̲ס
ûлȴȻÿˡһЦתͷһƭˣ֪Լѿ
ҴûѿģҺϣһŮƯʮ󻹲ơһ̾
ıһĻˣǰϣȻԼʵòƯʮҲȫƤһԼҲͺ¡ʱͻȻԼСֱһֻʵĴץסˣȫһ鿪һȴקúܽһûҲͷˣֻȴûˣ·ؿڴһֻСӰ㡣
һĻ֬һı˳ƽͷļͷѪɫ溣ǻĹâ£ԵĺгȻ
ǲǽԼϵʵոİ˿ʱһͻȻʵʲôʱ֪ҵģ
һȻںڰеļ飬Ȼһ㲻ʵȻܹ
㱧סҵʱҾ֪ɫˡߵͲţ˶ͬһֻܾӰһ
ôô֪ģһЦʡ
ϵζرһž֪ˡߵ
ζѵкһֱ̧Ҹţȴûŵʲôζ
һЦǺˣһرζܺţ˸еܰġ
һЦԭ˵ζһΪкأһ˵Ҹ»ɢһζŮа򾲵ã˵еֹãҲֻǾ˵ˣ֪ǲֹЧ
ȵȣһͻȻüͷζرζͣصſѪɫʳޡע⵽ʳζʱЩѪɫ׷ױܿһ˷ܵؽе֪ˣ֪ôЩĹˡ
취𣿿ҡĵ˷˿һǰʧ֮ˣȻôˡ
Ҳԣһ¡һٺЦ
ΪĿ϶ϣû뵽˵ľͲһһ¡
ڿ˵˰ɡĺһеŮеı顣
㿴ŰһصЦЦĿⲻض˾һǻʳޡ
һӿռָ﷭һɲһͨӣSSħ̳˿ɣϹǳֲħʦҲֻܵķݣڲ½ıԭϣһֻһ˿游ʮðűϷֵΣղŽռı˿һӡ
һһһ˻ȦȻָһʳ޻ȥʹ֮˻һͷһȵľʱѸٽ׳ͷȥʱѪɫִ
һѸһֻʳޱĲӱ˿յýģƴһнңôһӣ治֪ôʳŪʲôһѪ溣ͻᱻЩеʣ
ʱʳ޺Ѫɫļȫ˳
һǲϢץʳ޸ʲôɻʵ
һ϶İ취ˣǲǣ¶櫶һһäĿġ
׵ڴһϣͷ
һЦЦ뵽ˣ֪ûá
뵽ˣ˵ץסһļֱΣֱʮµͻȻ֮䷢һ׷ǰ
ˣȽ˵һָŻʳ޵
׶˵޽˹ȥâһʳ׷롣һջþ޽ʳ޵Ƥٽʬ׽ʱһңѱͬеøɸɾЩѪɫ˿һ϶ԼĲ²⣺ʳ޵ζЩѪɫá


50 2


һʳϰµƤһľϣȻľѪɫ溣ȻЩѪɫ׷ױ˿Щʳ޲ͣ׷ܡ
֪ˣԭЩѪɫ溦Щʳ޵ζһǲǶƤȥ¶櫽е
ǺǣһЦſ佱¶櫵˵Ŀ佱Ц÷ǳġ
¶櫵ĻŻȻȷһǳİ취ҲͨѪ溣Ψһİ취
ܿıԼʣһܱܿ溣ôܿЩʳأƬûŵĵطһ̤ȥҪ³ˡ
һЦЦָֻԱʳ޴Ĵһ֪ʲô𣿡
ǻʳ𣿡ţԴ򵥵Դ㲻һôôǵ⡣
룬ֻӦʳôأ
ôֻҪǹȥѡһ赭дһ΢һ
ʲôãǹȥΪ𣿡һº͵һĻҲʳ޵ǹȥֱ췽ҹ̷
ţҪǴģҳɹͽ񽱽ȫΡһٺЦ
⡭ʱ˵ˣ˵ţһֳȴðա
һҡҡͷһ̫С˰ѹô˻ֻһ߼ʦҲ룬ԼȥĻʲôûС
һɹҾͽҵǷݽ㡣׵ɲͲΪЩ񽱽ȥģܹȥĻ·˲
һŹЦЦã˵İ
ʱһ˿ϼֻʳޣЩƤԼͷȫֻ¶ֻ۾
¶ҧ촽ˣȻһģµͷ̲סɲȱĵطһ֮ذ¶ȴʲôû˵ֻԼ񴫴Ĺ֧֣ɲԼ˷ġҲһʵжȥˡ
һŮ̾ˣ򸴺󰡡
һһԼ˫ȣͺһһƬûҶӰ㳯Ѫɫ溣Ʈ˹ȥһϣЩֲѪɫ沢ûйЩʳŵһŵƤɢѪζͨͨͷ̵ӶſеһһǰӿȥһʱһƬƬԴ
ʱѾˣѵõǴħʦõƮ𣿵漴ǾͷˣƮôţڿͥһ㣬˵ˡţȴֺҲˣο¶櫺СŮأԵӾ֪ˡ
Ż˰ңһ׼ʳʮ׿ⰺ׶һбб׹£ʳһ£ȫſ˴ͣɭɭļݿ׳ۡ
һСġ¶櫼̲ס
ʱһֻʳȲشſͳһҧȥһһȻҽȻʳ޵°һ㣬ٴƮɧػͷһOKƣλMMķһ
ʱһѷʳͷϿգֻһֻȭͷ۾һܵظܵвȴܹ⵨ս˺ɷ飬Ϊ֮
ֻһԱûʳޣ԰ռһƬܴĿռ䣬ʳȦΧͻᱻ
Ȼ䣬һƮƮͻȻΪһӰʳıϡתյӾ̫ˣֱһܡдʳһʱӦһ˱ϣŭյһԾڿһ˦ͼһ˦ȥһԸʱͽ˿סĲӡ
һңֻѪɫ汻÷һʱƬ󶼱Ѫɫڸǣ¶ǸͿ淢飬ǿֻһƬǽ
һһ¶櫵¼ôУһ溣Χ±ˡ
Ľץס¶櫵һûµģΪŮӦ
¶Щʡ
㰡ң㿴Щһֱڿҷɣ֤һںʳţˡı¶Ҫ侲ö࣬ѪɫĻ֪һûг¡


51 ʧ֮


һе˿ԽԽô֡˿Ǻεȼ͵£ʳϵģΪSSħϵľϽҲ˰֡
һԽԽʳѾҪˣԽԽҲԹһǸ²ӶҪˣֻܹԹԵظһЩ
һʳֹֻͣҪԼץס˿һתԹת󣬿Ѿ֪ԼСԼУôɹĹʲˣʳޱԶܿˣ̶ͨ׵ľ뻹Сһ
׵˽ѵʱڿҷɵȺһᵽɤۣѪɫİһʳභĽǲȴĽ
ƬѪɫǽʧʱе˶ֻһվʳıϣֻų֮ĴһһĿ¹ԹԳ֮Ѫɫ滹ʳ޶׷ױáһ̣һ̣͹׵¶羴ɫǶףôڲ½ϼأ
ף񽱽ˣɱ˰һʳߣЦŶԹ˵
û⣬ҹ״ʵġ׺ˬۼԴƬѪ溣׵ν֡
ǿƤɣϾҪˡһһĻЩʳޱضҹĶ
˴ҴҹƤʳϣһס˿һʳתͷŶ԰ȥ
׵ľ벻һ۵ʱ䣬һѾ˶԰Žŵ̲ݣһ˷ܵڲݵϴ˼ʮڻӵ۾϶ڳżĥ
޵ĳϼȾ˵ƽߣʳѾȫȥˣֻƬѪɫĳ溣ɺЩۡ
˳˰꣬ңңԿԶֳĲبߡ
ͳͼָЦǴ˵еʧ֮ǣڵˡ
ǻʲôǿȥɡ˷ܵһƱڵλʵͽȲˡ
һ·񱼳Ŵ˵еʧ֮ǱȥţһͻȻ֨ѽһͣĵѪɫһһµš
ôˣҼһͻȻͣʵ
طƺЩ̫Ծһ»˵شţһƬĲԭʮֵƯ׳ۣȴ˺ڰϢĲ
һĻ̽һıǶ֪˵Ծǿ϶ǲΣա
ȷʵЩԾкڰϢ۾һ˵ΪһʦԺڰϢĲҲǷǳеġ
ԭǺڰϢӦģݴ˵ʧ֮Ǳڰ֮ĳУкڰϢҲ֡˵
ţôһ˵Ľӿڵ
ǾͼǰɣСĵ㣬ȻǱڰ֮ĳǿ϶Σյġһͷһץס¶һץסġ֪ΪʲôһһǿҵΣУʧ֮ǾԲ򵥡
ʱʧ֮ǵѾɼˣһΰĳУǲȱĸߴǽͶѿ֮ǰжôõ
ʧ֮ԽһеΣоԽǿƬضģǱߵﾹȻûпһһж﷢ë
ͻȻһ紵ջյͻȻѹֵ˺ѡʱ֪ܲʱʼðḷ́һⷽرˡ
öƱöϾҰҷҷˡ췢һϲĺڵϲͣץŵϵݡ
ãЩйŹ֣ǧҪ롣һе̱ס˺Ӧܹһʱˡ
бĹ˿ûУԻ֮кţҲ̿ʼһЦһ޵ǡ¶ȫðһ̹⣬۾ĳţĵûʲô쳣һ㵭ĺϾЩϲ
һһ㶣ѵ˵ڰħԲӰ졣ļһɻȻһЦڱ˵ǵڰħ˵á


52 ڰħ


ĵĻһ㶣ڰħãòԼҲ˺ڰħǲ˵ԼҲˮһ̳һ£ţһӣ£һȽһ˵
ģչһ¶櫣ҹȥһ¡һԸģһסţһĺԣţ۷׵̱˵ϡһ뽫еĹ׺ҲʱͻȻĵļ
һһͷʱûɢֻĺ¶վĵطƾճһ޴ĺɫѷ죬ͷʱ¶ȴֱֱֲĺɫѷ׹ȥ
ġһһǬŲƴ߶˼ޣ˾ƾʧڰ֮УһɲǼǺɫѷ֮Уֽ׹סǿд߷ǱѪ
ѾȻ˳ԼߣҸĲιȥˣʱ˺£һĿճյһ
һû£ʱп಻ѣƴžƮƮµ䣬ۿɫѷڿٺϣļٰ϶ϵĻ˵Ҫʧˡ
һҧҧڿһ٣бȥϾҪܳȥʱһһʹһͣһͣʧȥĻᣬѷϢغˣ˱һʧص׹ȥ
Ҳ֪׹˶ãһԺù˺ܾáʱһǰ˰ĹâϸһԭһƬɭֵϿա
顱һһĻڻкݺˤڵϣһʹ۵һһѪǰһֲ˹ȥһʲһ㣬ûлԡ
ûһ˰һһתͷһһˣ̫ˡ
ŲԶһƬһͷĹޣһˡЩ޳ι״һǳźɫƤëѪ۾ɢаĺڰϢһ;ëȻ
ģѡһƻе˶֪Щʲô
ıһһ۾ĵһ仰ǣһ𣿡
һЦ˵ˣһȺΧš
İһ̧ͷһôôڰħޣѵ˺ħ𣿡
һЦһ£˵طȷħ޵磬ǺҪΪǵʳˡ
һԼҲһ˷ܵԭûƭӡ
ûܿǱҪˡһЦԼûŪ
ʱڰħΧ˹Ĵһǰ棬СһδӿռָóһںڵķȣһɫûǸƯˣĽзһ
ɻĽһȴһƬǰʮֻڰħͻȻһһӿϤڡ
ɻһԻһ±֪߼ڰħںڰϵĸ߼ħˣֵַܽľǿԼķһֺڰʦõħȿɱֿǿֶΪأ
ʱڰħ޿ʼˣȻЩڰħ޵ȼߣ϶ҧ󣬵ǧĿ־ʴǵӿʱĺܿ㶥סˣѣų˾ķħڰҲȷӡħеģһħʦ
һȻãǿľȴڡħ˾ƳĹֵɻ࣬ͬǶǽ𣬶ɻǽա
һ۾˸ʵĹâЩܵĺڰħܴһ·ʼعߵͬ飬⵹ǵѹܵĹΧؾޣӴĺڰħȺһʵڲʲô
һֿҪŲסˡתһһƬȻ·˿һ㡣
ţҪһˡһεЦЦ
㵱ʱƴڲ𣿡ĳճһ
һҡҡͷΨһڵľûнȥ
һĻУ§ܺһˣϣ±ӣ±Ӷӣһú÷㣬һѵĺӡ


53 ÷


һ˵黰ижĪʱĵѪɫһһԴԼǱ
һѪɫʮ˾߳ãǰΪЩüùԲֻԼģǻ¸񰡡
ģ㲻õ±ҵˣΪǲˡһЦŵ
һ㲻ðοˣڰŲӾͻˡĿŻζԽԽĻֵûк£ܴİߣֺηأ
ɵϣ㻹㿴Űһ̯֣ϵѪɢŹĺâ
⣬ʲôصĺڰϢ𾪵Ϊȵ鷢ˣһ۾ϺڹһϿͻȻѿһķ϶ʮ˾Źʻ׵գ۱ѷֳһվǰ
𾪵ڵϵһŵ㾹Ȼħʦ
ΪʲôͲħʦأһЦʮ˾÷˽ո´ǾѪɫȳ˳ȥʮ߾߳һθ󣬶Щڰħ޿ʼɱ
˵ղĵΪһĺڰϵְҵôڵĿɿڴȫΪʮ˾ñֳǿ⻹֮ǰҲӴ鷨ʦٻĲҰ׵ĹͷӸûʲôǿĹֻǿȡʤѡʮ˾õʵԲڽʦֻͷõʵɲ⣬ֻеѪɫΪһѪӰոЩڰħ޵
찡Щڰħ޵ħôܣʧеһľʵ̫ˣЩܲסˡ
һĵĻȻֺڰħȥƮĺЩȫˣƺԺڰϵħߣ˵ôĺڰħôҲеС˰ɣȴһ¶ûУ˺ڰħ޵ħ֮ԵԽ
ء޸ȻħţȻƳֹԭıʼдĶģʮ˾ǽãһǰ޹˵ľ졣ʮ˾õʵѾﵽʦĳ̶ˣѾ˴ʦĳ̶ȣٽһΣȥأط˵һõطأ
طһʼ綼һƬҰɫһֳѹֵĸоĵطһƬɭ֣ɽҰħûκλһɢоеħԪأȻĿг˺ڰħԪûħԪأѹڰħ޷ģԭǻ¡һͻȻ뵽ĻڰϵħЧжð
һϰָʮ˾÷ģڸһºϲŨĺڰħԪأʧ֮ǸҲһһذҾˣҪħʦĳ̶Ⱦȥ
һȻЦȥҲóȥɣطӰһ˺ڰϵôأ
ҲȥͳȥˣֻҪʲô¡Ľߵû뵽ԼҲ˴󵨵رԼĸ飬˵˵黰
һʲôҲû˵ֻؽ§СͻȻһȫһʹ̲סƺ߳
һôˣĴһ̧ȻһѪ˿ʱһˡ
û£ղת˾ҵϢһ¾ͺˡһοʼϢ
תʲôʣڿһ°ڳڤƺɵûд
ʱͻȻǿҵĺڰħϢӿȻ䣬һȫĺڿкڰħԪؾۼٶȴﵽһ˳̶ʱֵħԪʵʻŨò˼ĺڰħԪأʱһڤĻٶȱԼ֪Ҫ϶ءʱʮ˾ûԶɱɢĺڰħޣһħΣһסջһߡ
֪˶ãʮ˾ôѪɱʱһʮ˾߳ñӦòʲôɣһ߿ʼڤ
ʮ˾߸ߴʮħĵվһɽҰǺڰħ޵ʬ壬ŨصѪζƬء


54 ʶ


ٻսǲܹ뿪̫ԶģҪȻʮ˾߳ûһֱִһ׷ɱЩڰħޡ
һڤʱԭ˿ĹǼͻȻ궯һ£ֻտյۿֳһ߹ĺ⡣ģתֱֱһȥٶȺܿ죬գۼ㵽һߣתһתһȦںڰħԪŨĵطվסֳһûκá
֪˶ãĴڤ˹һ۱㿴Աߣ׼һҲһΧһߵŨڰħԪʱɳһ̾أھҲصġ
Ƭռû̫Ҳûǣɫô谵ҵѾδڤˣһȴȻһֻԵĺڰħԪԽԽŨˣԵ档
ôûѹˡ̾һ⼸ڤħ;ֱȵǰһĿޣһԴﵽڰϵħʦĵȼˣȴ˲ԸôһֱڤȥҲһ˹Щ÷ƬɭַԲûһֻħ޸̤Ե
ǲڤʱΧһǲŨĺڰħԪؿʼǿҵĲͻȻһȻ嫵Ϣһϱվߵһ±õɳȥһˤڵϣֿ꿦վ粽ֻˡ
ŨĺڰħԪûһڣʱһתһ㵭Ө⣬Ե÷ʡͻȻһ۾ȻоⱩһĳХһڿնڿͻȻɢʮһ
ȴǧҶơʮһڿбһÿһֱ۶óһƬӰֻͬʱһ㡣
䣬һ䣬ѶһƬСӣֱĿĿɿڴһƮƮشϽ䣬üĿŐõɫڸոͻ˰ĵһ˵ڶ㣬Ҫ֪ÿһ㹦ǳʼϷˣǰҪܶࡣ
һŵϵСӻҡҡͷǰĹôȴǧҶƵĻûеĵط¼ס
һ̧ͷ𾪵ЦģóԾҿɲֹôһ㱾µģԺ֪ˡ
һղʹĺǶôôҿȵϴʦˡĿһӳԣضǿôľ
һЦЦһէ֣ǽʦģûŰľһܾöͨģ֮ĽϲӦֻ߷ӦܸӵĽһʱûʲôͷ
һɽҰĺڰħʬ壬ʮ˾õıִΪ⡣ӲļͷЦСӣɵò
˵ĵ
ǺǣҲ֪ܾһﲻ̫һһЦ
ĸֵֹģֻ֣֪ڤʱۼŨĺڰħԪأȻ֪վءĵ
һһѲֻòԼʶܿ뷨öֻʣһǼôҪܲԼʶأѵùͷ˼ɡ
ģ߰ɣȥﵽʲôطһסĵֵҿ϶Ǹ磬ĳԪռ䣬ܲܳȥĩ֪ء
ĵͷ˴ʮ˾ÿʼǰȥ˲Զһعصĺڰħ޵ʬ壬ħЩڰħ·ǵʱħѱʮ˾ϤҲûôա
һ·һ·ףϵĺڰħȫ꣬ʮ˾ɱøɸɾƬĺڰħ޵ȼߣڰħǺܶࡣ
һ⸽ôûˮԴ·ϣıԹ
ﻹкܶˮһΪʧ֮ǵһڿռָ㹻ʳƷкˮ
ˣ˼ϴ裬ճˡһƣŮӱͺܰɾռ֮ûϴ衣ǰڻçԭʱ򻹿ˮϵħˮۼˮϴ壬ط˺ڰħԪظûбħԪأˮϵħȻʩŲˡ


55 ˮ1


һĵĻŲԼҲǳܣرͻưһʱϴգѾȫճƤϡ
⸽һˮԴģЩڰħ޲ܲҪˮɡһ
ԶԶβһȺڰħޣȻҵһɭеСӣӵΧˮĺڰħޡһ˵´ʮ˾ó˹ȥһʱ伦ɹеĺڰħ޶ҵɢ룬ʮ˾ôʵ̫ˣɱǧڰħɢѪɱŨصĺڰϢЩȼߵĺڰħ޼֮ġ
ȥɣεˮɾĿˮȥˣһ뵽ղôڰħڴˮסˡתͷһȴεķʲô
һ˼Ҹ˵ءĽ
һĿһЦ㷢ûУղЩڰħˮһ飬εķȴһֻҲûУܵʱûһֻεķܣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
һ㶣ûעô࣬һô˵Ųµô£ô˵ο϶һֻǳǿĺڰħޣαΧ
һͷĺڰħʵǺǿҹֻĺڰħ޵ʵӦòܸߡ
ȥ𣿡ʵ
ϣȻҪϣòһֻʵǿһڰħޣԸҵǴˡһЦĿ˿ģѾͷϵƺЩŤˣ֮ǰĻľԻ˵ֱӴȥȴһʣԼʲôõĿ
˴ÿȥεԴͷ̾һֻӴκڰħޣϢЩȻǿ࣬һȴһҲģʮ˾߶ԺڰħߵĳãֻҪϺڰħһĶڣľ򲻹ԱӦò⡣
ʵҲһϣֻСBOSSʮ˾߳õļлû϶Ӿһغˡ
ˣģǿϴˡһٺЦһ˫ۿʼʵϴˣĵǿɲǸǵġ
һ죬˭һϴϴȥϴ
ģ㲻ŶӲţ˾һŰ߿̫ˡһĵһʹ
ĿˣһЦˣʵҲǲԸһһϴֻŮµͷЩ֣һ˽⣬һͬԡԼ϶Ӳħצ
ЦˣǾͬˣȥˣһȥ·һ˺
ĳһûиҲȥȹ¶ǰ˵ΡУһȥ䲻һ˫ؿ壬¶֮̾ɫ
һܵض±һšһԵɫʱһվԼ屩¶ǰѾһˣѾϵ˸͸ȻϲɡһʶĵεΣһһ
һ۷ֱ˹ſˮǶô尡ŷͦθʣŷۺСӣҵƤţĳ߶Ⱦһղ˵ġϸСƽ̹ŮصĲλֲŨܶë粽ʱۺ칵ɼ
һСֵܲͦԽԽ֪ѾûзйˡԺˣ˺Ҳûйˣһ˱ôڿʱûѾˡ
һһºУܿ峺ĺˮ㽫帲ˣֻԼԼܿһ㴺ɫ
һҰĺЩҿһȵתһϸϸܱЩСһƣظܵÿһ鼡̲صıŲţͻȻЩ鶯ˣȥͦ嶥һıϣһ˫תһʵؼ
һţȵϢһľϡ
һ̵סͲˣһת§뻳УסС˱һĴָ˿㻬ļСֵܰ׶Сĥ
ţԵػӦһǣһϰš
˴ãһɿɫģɵ˵Ĺʣ۴˱úͣɷˡ
һ̲סͷĵľѣһۺӡǣ˵ŮԡĴ»£ʥɽ塣һͷˮһںסһСӣңɵͷ滮Ȧһֻץסһֻද鱻ָм䡣ܿ죬ֻ鷿ͦˣСӣҸǲ̼ؼ͹
ĺ䷢૵ӵĽԼġһȥ˫ȴȻץסĵšˮƮһɫëһԼıƺʲô˳ĴӹµĶۣĵĳܹǣˮƮëϡ
ĸܵһĴŮ˽ܴıԵپһӿһҪ˵꣬һ̱ˮС


56 ˮ2


һĴˮдᱧˮһƽĴʯͷȥĽ§סһĲӣߵýͷĻﲻ̧
ԼҪΪŮ𣿺ýŰȫļƵطһۺ죬Ҳһ±ýġ
һ̤ϺˮĴʯƽŷ£ȴ֡
ģôˣһʵ
ҡҺýšЩµ
ԣ£ѵԸ𣿡һɴ౧ģ˫ḧԻĽš
ǵģԸ⡣ļæԼӳҪģ簲ģԼǿƲסĽţð
һЦһֻħצĵţһֻһЩ滺񾭡ģĵʱ߳
ŵĵͷһʱѪţֻС椵ħһ裬òԭʼСֵܼӲ˫ȼĵط
һĲ˽ܴǻȵļͦʴǡ
һǿ׳ʼͦʪķ϶ĦţĩȴҲһζͷģһˣɫη֮УֱֱԴڡ
һ𡭡ȵȡ˫ֳһؿڡ
һͣ£˫ĿעɳƵôˣ
Ĵһѣվͷ˿й£ƽϾҲɢž˵ġǶԱţ֬һ˸˵Ĺ󣬴һ߾Կȼִеķۺ졣
һסҪȥͷ֪ĴʱҪʲô
Ľ糺죬ǿհ譲ӵ˫Ŀһ㵭ˮճտһƣһȻпϡ
һ㿴ҡ߲֣Ŀȴ¸ҵӭһ
һؿģͻȻ粨ŤΪԼۣ̽˱
䣬һԺһƬհף찡ʲôΪʲôͻȻһǾµһˮڣһֱǴɾ߳һѵԼ
Ư𣿡ϲؿǴЩִЩʵԼòǷǳŵġ
Ưһ૵Ȼعƽһֱαװĵͬ˿̣˿̵ͳһ˼̻ģɷдһ˿߰
ϲôƯ𣿡ķֵظ˸ͷ˿
һĵòֻģӦþ߱ģƯ˵ĲŶ
һϣСֳִֵ˼֣һ뽫ѹ
Ҫ׽סһ˫۽
һɻһԼ㲻׼
һһѾͷѵԼ֣ʳҲ뿴ĵ׼ôҲסɵ
βƣһǴ׳Сֱֵܱͦͦر¶ǰǳߴ磬İզ࣬ҲЩôֵĴһܽȥҧ´ǻȵļͦϣŪһ¡
һôһòСֵԵøˡߺβһЩһļͦ׼ηһ
һֻһϰһխůͨУĸֱûʹƺֻɫҰףۿ黹ֱת
ǿɵѾͷΪŮʿ˭ܵ
ķһĻУˡ
һһʢһ渧ȫ֮һĶ˵ԶҲ黰
ģһоůͨʪҲĿʼ鶯ˡһʼŶ˶崫ǿҵĿꡣ˿ʼĲʣҲʼſһȻҵһ˿ĸо
һļӴĽĵ˫ۣȾϵĺΣĲϼһ㡣
ҡͻȻһѩ׵ѩηش䣬ѳ׵ʧ֮С
һΪһϱŮţͺһѹĵϣ˫§סʼʶ
ɫˣ˹һıȫ鴤һ߿Եļй


57 ̶


̱һĻУһֺͷûˣһһɱöףȼս𣬽ĩйһ׷εйûιȥ
һֻСϻȥ˰һĻʵ
СһﻹûأӵڰԪռȥˡһĵķ۱
ĵѪɫ𣿡ʵ
һͷǼǰħʦء޸ƳĶʮ˾߳Ҳǡ
ء޸ѹˣҲֻƳֱ̬áľȵλ鷨ʦкڰϵħʦĿеںڰ̻ӵųȻĵλ
˱һϵرĺȻҲ˵˸ԵһȻܸԼǴһģҲû˵Ǹ۹˺ֻ˵ǿ۹ˣľͼڲҲ֪Ȥû׷ʣһһġ
ĵǽԼ˿ûĸһԭҲǿ۹ˣСĸ˫ʦҲǺڰ̻ڤ˾֮һĺڰʺ֮Ϊ˺ڰ̻ڤʥŮںڰ̻еĵλͬڹ̻ĹʥŮΪڰ̻ʱ޸Ķӣֻ֮󼪡֮ʧ֮ǵΪ˵ʧ֮һڰħӵ˾ͻĺڰħ
һʮߣڰ̻ϼһﾹұԼŮˣһҪѵѵҲΪԼſԺһ濴Ҫлˡʧ֮ǵĺڰħһûʲôȤɲ˱ʲôħⲻǳ
ʱ׾Թ϶һļĴطһˣһǷԽ˼ɽɱĺڰħҲˣÿɱе˶ѾˡĻĲ˴ħʦľ磬ͻƽħʿľˡһʶĺڰħԪضѾŨÿɺ״ˣ֪ΪΣȴֻʩų7ħ˵ŨĺڰħԪضԵڰħʦľˡ
ʱһ㶵վһƵ±ǰǧߵﾹȻû·ˣѵҪʮ˾߳ʵվڰħ޵ħ֮ЩõʵѾڸλĹʿԺ˺ܶࡣ
һô죿۰Ͱ͵ˣʺĵطôãĺ׳׵Ժˣ뿪һҲȥˣһߣѾˡ
һʼЦҪһԳȥġһ˼ſ±ڣ˵ôţʵһ׶ûУ˵һռ䣬ֻܽܳ
ĴͻȻֲԶиССˮ̶Ǳȥϴϴ֡ոհˮ㰡һų֡
һһΪΣգһǰʣô£
ˮáñֵ
һһЦôһһէΪʲôأŵ֣ɫͻȻͱˣָȻˣɴ˿ɼˮһı
һĵ֣תɢָϵĺͬʱðһʺšĵָ˵ĳ̶Сˮ̶ˮһ϶£ˮȴûнûһĺ̶ðźվԱ߶оһ˿⡣
һʰһ֦ˮ̶ֻ֦ѸٱɫȻȥһһⷢˮ̶ĸоһĳܷΧ֮ڡֱһСˮ̶ܷȥĹؼ
ģңȥһתĵ
̱סһֱۣԵҪˮ̶ô֣һΣô죿
ûµģˮ̶ֻ˵㣬˵һ¶ûУܷҵ·ɾͿˡһĴָĵ
ǡ
ԣ㻹ŲңҺܿˡһĵĻ
Ŀһһ֪ζıˣʱΨһѡСְһյĴϣСĦµ㣬һҪСİ£Ҳ
һ֪˵ģɫֻҪûҵʬ׾ͱѾˣúܣ֪𣿡
šصͷӴ仰һֱӡУֻҪûһʬף;Ѿѡ


58 ̶ܶ


һڰԪռУʮ߾߳ġ
ȥˣһҪСġһᴥĵĴעƯ۾ҪԼŴ
죬ȴͻȻʲôںһ㣬Ŀһֻ֪صͷԼû뵽ڤʥŮΪһ˵ĳ
һһɢȫһõĵƺһͷС̶
̶ˮǳ峺ȴסһǱȥ̹ǵĺ͸Ϯ̱һڵ⣬ҪȻŲ˶ãһ˾ͱһˡ
ǱаСʱһȴȻûеףһһǳֵ󣬱ǱˮԽ¸Խ󣬿̶ȴԽ¸ԽСһһѹѹһǱٶȵԽԽ죬ĻҪǿˮѹѹ÷顣
ˮûʲôˣһĿ˵ûʲô󰭡ͻȻһһһɫĹ㣬ˮɲǼ࣬һ֫Щֱˡ
ˣɫĹԽԽֱ࣬ˮȻһ˷סԵʯͣ˿־ϲЩ׵ȫһЩŰ׹࣬ȫװƬұͷһż޲ʾֵƲ磻ϲȴǾЩˮʯһεĶڣȴûˮж죬˵ռĳھ
һЩӴĹȺˣЩ㿴ԼùȥԼʲôأڰħˮò󣬿ط˺ڰħԪ֮ûбħԪءôԼ˴󹦺ĵʣࡣ迼ǡȻ󣬾񹥻Ը֮ĹȺҲᱻ
ͻȻһһþ񹥻þǷþһͨأһĿһ¾룬ƺС
һٳɣֽѸоЩľˡһǿľһָ̽ȥȽεľ۳һƹֱζڣȻ۵ľɢЩ㱻ƵֱˡһﵽǶγһεľͨͨȫĹȺ
ͨóɹһתһļͷ㻮ˮ˳ͨӹȺֿʼɾһ붴ֻһλʱһͷͻȻһѣΣˡһһ֪Ǿʹɵĺʱһֻҧǰ壬ʱ֤ͣʬǲʣ³
Ĵ߶£һһڵӶ˽ȥڽȥһɲ˫ȴһʹһڶ˼ȦͣŷԼСм˿ѪòҲ֪Ⱥҧġ
һºȻҪ֪Ϊ˼ӿٶȣ˫ϣȺȴܹĻҧܲ˵Ƿǳǿ
Щûж˿ҲֻƤ֮ˣһָס˿Ҳûʲôˡʱһſʼϸϸεʯȵķʯıڶʮֹ⻬ƽӲνʯֱֱͨԶͷÿʮұյɫħէһΪͨõͨ
һڵϻָһ£վһһͨȥ˲ãһͣ䱸ͨһŵŲְͬҵ·ŲͬΨһͬľһı顣
һܾЩйŹ֣óȻֲ֮ͨòͨһ˿ͨĸ߶ȣ㣬ƮƮ𣬲̤ǽϿӹȥ
һĽųһʱӦһ㣬еĵȻȫϵʯգۼȫˡ
ʱǵصħͶ߱ڵһӿȥ
۲٣֮𣬱ѩأطûħԪ𣿡һǱǬŲڿ¼Ӱ˻ȥֵǣһ˻ԭʱЩȫʯ˵
һһ£ЩһٶӸղħ󲿷Ǹ߼ʦ͸߼սʿҲħʦʹʦղŵʮħѩػĶ֤һ㡣
ô죿Ǵ򲻹ģܵĻЩգǰǰû߰Ķ·ҪȻԼٵػعˡ
µһ˻ȥģôֻһˡһˮˣһжˡǬŲ˵£һڿлĲӰʯӷ˹ȥ˿ͣٵͷǰɱǺ¡¡ħǽϵ
һͷһٶֱԶԶ˦󣬵ȴȻ׷
ùЩɶ׶ôɵˣһһ߱Թһܣǰǰǧʲô
еͱȽùʲôʲô
˵ùĺˮ졣һ֨ѽһͣЦſǰͨĵܲ͸Ӵħ޵


59 


һ޴ħ޵ͻȻЩ죬ĿƵģʱݲ룬׷ѽһ˿ٿǰӴļһһҧǰȥһ̣˭֪ᷢЩʲôأ
ʵ֤һùȻڼһӽһ˲䣬ħѿʼѸʯһһ˻ΪһƬӰħʯڿճһ߿ռ䴩˹ȥͻȻһǰһƬɻûüʮϣһȫһǣ·˲仯촷ۣһ߽ʬһֱֱȥƤصĵҴܡ
ԭֻSSޣ˵ôôϤһȥȫΨһܶˡǵĸоɢȥǺֱײĵһַֽΪ׵ħԪؽʶһȫˡ
һ̾ң岻ᱻ׵ˣͨǻκһֻħ޶ǿ޵ĻѾüȥˡ
˲ãһָ֪վһ»Щ֫תͷֻ޴ͨһһһӿռָóһ·ϣԽ䱸ţȻ׵粻˺ԼȴԼʱʧȥһԼһͨ磬ȻӴѹһѹԼܾҪΪȲ½֮һˡ
һûٻΪ֪һöûУöԺڰħߣħɲSSĳħޣٻҲ̻һѹͷ
һޣ֮вûе⣬һУһʱϸϸĿֲSSħޣֻȫɫëִ֫βͶСͷϳһֻɫĶǣƯĻƣ£еɰʱеһߣñһһͨᣬϿ޸ܵһַǳǿ׵Ϣ˿޾÷ǳСë޵Ĵһϲ˲䣬ͻȻһӴѸСһֻɫĿɰ͹ͷϵҲڡ
һţϿû˵޻ұС֮˿ɰʱһͨһٶ׷ɱˣֵǲûнֻһԵض֮ͨСʱһЩԾˣЩְҵȻʯ״̬ȴһͣƸûһ㣬ֻΧűߴתĿԾͲͬոǷḻ沿֤ġ
һСĿޣֱֱ峺۾ˣ˵бôһ㶼޼һǵͷ
ɾʱͻȻ÷ҧһһŭ֮²㽫˳ȥ֮Ĺסˡֻ˿ڴһѪƮڰɢѪɫĹâͻȻһΪֱûԼͿ޵üģʱһԼͿ޲һѪĸо
Ѫôأһ૵һֻħ޾Ȼᴫ˵еԼħߵѪһϿԼħģأ˵ܾǰ½ħʦԼħħͿԺħʩǿԼħǳΪսħ裬ԶʩŸԼħ޷ģϧ֪ΪʲôԼħʧʷĳС
һһ£ûоʲô仯Ϊһ£Կ˹ͨЩ˵ֻ޴һԾ£̱ǣһܼĵͨڵЩˡ˿ˣȫŵס緭ڵأһȵŵ׵ǰʧˣһֱŷתۼЩס˾ͳһѺ̼һʶ˵ϵħһ÷
ҴļҲˣһ﷢ֹһֽһСĿһͿУֱԭԼҲԺһֻSSħټʮ˾߳ãľÿޣڰľóã»ȥãʲôħʦʥģƨ
˷ܹһſʼĴһķ䣬տյûκƷǽϺԲ׶εĶ϶˹һͼģһϸоһ£һҲ
Ǹͨûκγڣûôſػĵطôһշɣһ˼ſʼתȦһʲô֮Ķûб֡
תʮʮȦһǽûҵκΪоЩͼľͻЩʲôʲôûַŪԼͷ͡
Ļں̶ȣһżղŵõ޵ϲʧˣȡ֮ǳء


60 ڰħ


ĪҪһһߵ룬ܲŵ֫󿪵ڵϣżԲ˳Ĭ֮С
ſţһǰͻȻģرһƬڣǴĺڣһΪҹҲʧȥáһ붯ȴͻȻԼͶã뺰ȴԼͳ
һֵ̿ʱ򣬺ڰͻȻһضɽҡңңһ⣬ȻɢγһһֺıƳģʧˣڰгһһĹâȻԽԽ࣬ظƬأγһƬ嫵ǿա
⣬ѵĵһǰĿѧҴһδըΪը֮ǰʺһŨɺСС¶ȼߣܶȼ󣬺ըеʶɢռ䲻ͣ¶ȴЩɢʱγ˸ϵǣǡ
һ㲻Լö˶˵ں̶ܶĴôĻþź嫵ǿգһԺҲ֪˶ãǼӣѾˡ
ͻȻǿʼһһ䣬һ׳ۣһʧʱٶԽԽ죬ȻһײըըĿռԽԽ󣬽ൽ棬һضɽҡƬһƬڰ
ѵֻкڰ㡣һסˣԺ޶˳һ뷨
ǰһģһ۾ȴԼȻضĴŵҲȻԲ׶εݶһжûκα仯
СĿΧԼȥһƺʲôը
ѵղ˯ˣȻһըΡһһԾƺֻɲ˵ͨ
ףʲôһԼոµĵطﾹȻһ״İۣǵԼȥʱƽġ
һڰһûзʲôأⰼ۵״ȴ÷ǳϤͻȻһæڿռָһҷҳ˵Ѫɫ÷һǸªĺɫȣ״ⰼһģһѵ˵ӡڤ֮ķȾǳռԿף
һûٳɣǶ밼ֻۣڹһǽתһ㷭һ档һǰĺȻһ˹ںĵ¶ֻ۾ϵֱۣһ˵ĵ
һһЩУµָҪҪɱ۾µľŵʱȡ˲뷨ŵһͨںڵƬɢǿҵĺڰϢɫϢģӴ֮ȡİɫƬһģһһɵҲ֪֮Ȼϵ
㣬һڰУһֽеĺɫƬֵ鷢ˣɫƬһ뿪ǵ֣Բ׶εݶͻȻСףÿС׶ɫĹڵһͼŵ֮䱻һȻһħ
һϲħԴ뿪ռ䡣ɫƬӽռָſͨȥȻͨڵҴˣһ֮ͣԲÿɱΪǵʵǶﵽ˴ʦħʦľ硣һǵñء޸µħȫһɷܵķƿҪľĨȥǵ꣬һΪ̫ڶ񶾣⼸˵ûˣʵôߣʵɷܵľòϰԺǳȥ˸ɼܣܲǽްɣνľ֣ش֮⼸ܾͲͬˣʱǴ϶ִͽջغڰԪռ䣬֪
뵽һٺٹЦ޽˵Σÿ˽ƺӽڰԪռ䡣
̶ܵڣȻζųȺĹ㡣˽ľ飬һһͨ˳ֱͨȥ
οɱˣˮѹˮ෴һķѵʱķѵˣȻˣһֱ¡
ڣһˮ̧ȥȻֻʮ߾վˮ̶ߣȴʧȥӰһһɲˣԸҪܵģʮ߾߳ÿɲָӣֻں̶һֻħ޽ͻɱ
һҲ˲ˣĴĵ֡


61 


һֻŵĴѰǳʲôᷢġռûʮ˾߳õıʮΣյģһ·ڰħ޵ĵȼԽԽߣĺڰħ޵ĵȼߵġ
һԽԽģеֿ־͵ȫй·ϵĺڰħϣһ·ڰħ޲ȱȫʬ塣
Ѱ˰죬һȴȻûзĵټɥһʯϣĶһ뿪һôͶ뿪أƾڰϵħʦʵƬǿĺڰħ޵ĵطôܴȥأԼûʮ˾߶ԺڰħߵĳռҲǴ粽С
椣Ѿͷһ߶ţۿȴʪˣദһĻĻӰԺӹ໥ӵ˵ĸҲǾѵĥ¡
νңһոڼȵ˷ִ磬ƽˡǸʮִŮ侲ôһкʧأ
һԴԼͷԼһŵˣ˵ں̶߸Լˣɲһصˡ
һֿ֮ͨرȥں̶һң㷢±Ͽһ·ͼдż֣
һһ·ͼľⲻԶѾͷû
·ͼһһʮεĵطѰһɽɵ˽ȥ˲úǰȻʣԭɽǱж죬治֪ôôһطġ
ճɽһһɽĺڰϢһ裬涨һֻSԺĺڰħޡһģҲ˲ôˣ½ʮ˾ûпٻͳ˽ȥ
ǰľһһ㶣ֻһƬССĲݵػһˮһ۱˵ףʲôSĺڰħްҲûʱˮϵһ京ŵľͺɫסһĿ⣬ǿĺڰϢɢġ
ʲôȻǿĺڰϢһզ࣬ûֵ
ⲻĵطתһȦûпĵټôأһ룬ǾԲƭԼġ
˼ȥһĿͣǶֵĺɫϣĪ治ɣһͻȻðôһ뷨
һɢɫ̽ȥֵǺɫڳʱֵһ֮һľˡ棬һܵһϤľ񲨶̼ദôãϢȻǷǳϤˣٷְٿ϶ĵȷ档
һĶɫɢϢ֪ǷĪĺôһˡ
ʱ޴ĺɫͻȻʼڰ֮ӿһԾ˿ɫɫԽԽתűڿն
תȻֹڿһͻȻɫʢˣһƬƬĻſźڹתĹʣȻѣĿȴҡ
ȫţıһźɫţһ˴ԼӰУʵĿ峤࣬һȴ֪ģŮˡ
ɢһ˫Ŀ͵ǳ˶Щ󣬵ȴϲڷµһ˶ŮȻòĩ䣬ǻаʥϢȴԭӵеġ
Ľëˣ˫ۣһȪһƮ䣬ŵվѪĺڵر¶ѩ׵񾱣ͦ飬ϸйɼ෼ݣ޲һߡ
Ȼÿһ綼ޱϤһǲֵѪ
ĻתԶһһ㶣űüƺڻʲôһһĻڵѪ˸ͨ͸Ǳ龹һ㡣
ģĵüͷչ˫Ŀʼڻűǿϲ
𣿡ĲͶְһ
һųתȦԼĻУĩѾͷһΪ㲻ǵˣû
ԲҸղžЩԺԺʲô𣬻ˣ㣬ˡĽڵǰǸղģǹһкʧӰˡ
һԼ̶󿴲󼱵÷裬㲻һݺĲƬƵѩԲƨơ
˼ίһ
˭㲻ģǽں̶Ҫ֪һ̶ûпжż𣿡һ뵽ԼΪѾͷᣬƨɵ£ɫӡֳ


62 ɫ


ĽһĿⰻȻĵҪγˮĽһв£Թ
ôöûҶ쵣ˣ˼ҹζˮˣ㻹ûҲҵһģԡ˫ֻסһĲӣӵϡ
ں̶ֻһ첻ɣ˵ôŰһĵĻһ㶣ŵ
ᰡں̶£ĻѰˡĺۿ
һסˣں̶ֻһ첻ôôأͻȻһ뵽ըĻþѵһ˲侹ǹôã
һǲǷʲôˣû°һЩԾ̽˵еŮ˺ܱ⻰治٣Ҳ룬һµĻܰȻվǰ
û£õģһϢں̶һܶҵһħҲǶռĳˡһ˷ܵ
ģǿԳȥˡƿһҲ˷ܱĴ¡
һĿɲˣһԼͦʱӿεһаֱðһһʱҲ˲ô࣬һ§ȥ̰˱ĿеҺپ壬ڳ㡣
ֻԵһ£ػӦɵĻС
һڴˣĴ˳Ǳκ˿Ҫļһֱ£Բѩš
ĴϢţյ˼ΪŨŨ𳹵׽ȼЩ׾˺һСһǿ׳ϺҸš
ĽһͻȻнһצĵ̽˽ܴŪŮ˵Ƭ⣬ʱڶ˵ĺ춹Ū¡
ŮĽУֻСһĸо¶ԴԴϵ͸ʪ͸˵Ĵ֡һ󲻷СС־ʹһĿ¾룬ôˣҶҲҪҲζһ׽סһǴֳļӲ洫ĻȲѣιȥ
ܵŪһˬȫë״ţ˱ľµĶģ
ɵĿ佱ĸһ޴ڵ鶯糱סһȵСֲһ
ܵһһȥһѽı𣬷Ǻɫϣһ壬ֳļͦ͹ᴩĽ۵СѨǽůĸоһҲܲסʶ
÷ȣ̱һĻУǸ߳ķۺ졣
һḧģŸ߳ϡΣ̾һһֻСèһĻС
۵ӵţĿʼЩľԭһ뺮̶һֱճյ̶߿ȣȰȰ˾ǲֻŽǣʳ޲£ÿôճյź̶кüζ˻þ
ŰºĽǳɼףôȥһҲֻܿʬˡΪתԼעĿʼ̽ͺڰħ޶ǶҲɱ˲ٸߵȼĺڰħޡⷢɽںĵʹ˽ȥ㷢طɢųǿڰϢĺɫ֪Ǳ뽫ժ£˭֪ΪֲȴҲù⧲±ˣɲ飬ĴźڰϢѪϣײѪ
ٺķΪޱȣ˷֮£㷵·ͼͼֱ굽ˣھѴﵽڰϵħʦľ磬ħʦֻһ֮ң
һĵֻͷᣬԭŮ˼Ǹزܲжܲ۰أҲΪеԵĸˣû뵽Լײ˿SSħޣҲѪ侪ļôӵ¿ռѷʱѵĿʼҲԤʾ˵ĵ˲ʵҳȫһĸ顣
뵽һͻȻʼ¶櫺ţҲ֪ôʧ֮ôˣǲ뿪˻çƽԭѾ
뵽һʹ˦˦ͷֻֿŵĸо˦ȥǧҪ£һΣһĵڰ֮񵻸档


63 ħʥ


һڵ¶𣿡Ŀһ飬µ£Ҳܵ¶ǣͬʱҲЩȥ֮һ㲻һ˵ķˣ¶СദĸŮԸŮ˷İأɣıߵŮӡ
һͷ̾ôˣ֪ôˣ
Ľ§סһοõĵģ¶ǿ϶ûµģҪء
һƿģ㶵עĿ¶Զߵ𣿲뿪ҵĶԲԣһ޷ģ˿̵ȥڻ
Ǹܵһĵģĳճһͷţǻһֱߵģ㲻Ҫǡ
һһֽĵ㷢£󣬵֪ίǡ
û˵꣬ľָһĴϣ˵ˣҶףעǲκһŮ˵ģֻҪߣһŽܵģźÿһúúദ
һⷬжЩΣһŽĵָУͷţжĵİһ֡
ĺߵس֣ʵ㻹ں̶ﵽ׷ʲôء
ǣһ㽫Ǳ뺮̶˵һ飬һµľһ˸߲ҡһ˵ں̶ܶĺµϷһԲεĺɫƬʱɲʱ۾ֱһ
ôһɫƬ𣿡һЦͲµǿɫƬӦþǴ˵еĺڰħˡ
İһһۣһѿһϣʹҡһ͸ҿɣ˵Ǻڰħء
һĵĽŪԴ󷢣סһ־û룬սһδ졭
߳ĻعһһŪһġ
һӿռָнڰħó׸ģģǶڰħȫġ
ĽסڰħϸϸۿԽԽ˷ܣһǺڰħ񣬴˵˵ĺڰħ޾ĺڰħ񡣡
ôҿⶫĺڰϢȻŨҲﲻ޾ĵزɣһ鼫Ʒڰħ˶ѣǶڷϵͦġһЦָﻹһɫƬʹ˿һȡ
оһȷʵһ˵˵ӦòֻǿѨģֻԼ֪ôðˡ
ʱһһӿռָóǿɫƬɲʱ䣬ɫƬҫ۵İ׹⣬ڰħҲĺâһһ໥ӡ໥š
ѽǹʥǺڰ̻һֱѰôʵ
ʥ񣿡һһ֪Ǻͺڰħͬһණ˿Ϊʥ̵ʥŮô᲻֪ʥأһԽԽɻ
ʥ񣬺ڰħͬʱ⡭ļЩ״ˡ
ģңô£һʵ
һƽ¼飬˵ڰħǺڰ֮ƣʥǹ֮ƣںڰǲڵģλ֮Ķһֱûͣλһοսܾˣ˫˫˲½Ϊ˵ӵƵ˱Ի޾ħԲǺڰ̻ỹǹ̻ᶼڼѰ񡣡
ڰһ໥ƣ⴫˵֮Աǡ˿뵽ȴ˿̣⴫˵֪ôû֪
ģ˵̻ʥŮ֪֪˵һʵ
϶֪ˣ̻ôҲһֱѰңֻû뵽ĸ˵ԼķȻǳˣ̻ͺڰ̻һֱѰңû뵽ɾͱԼķˡ
˿Ҳ֪Ϊʲô˵װʲô֪ӣӲҪʥԼãһ̾һĵ˿̰µһɵѾͷû뵽ΪԼȻֹʥҾΪ˴˵еĿԴл޾ĹħȻøԼƺԼôȥ
һжϡﻩĿֱᣬ󺰣˿̣һҪңĺǣһҵġ
һԾͷХеȫĩˣɷģǳȥʱˡ
ĿһµƣڻΪһˮϸϸüͷļ䣬ͦεıӰڽÿһϸ޷ǡ


64 ǧһ


˴ºֻһӣ޴ĺɫȻתΪһƺĵüģһССӡ䡣⵹ѪɫòˣֻһһüģɱƯˡ
̶ߣһʮ˾߳úͿջغڰԪռ䣬§ı˺̶ȻһˣǱʱˮѹѹģԺķѵ࣬ĻܾЩǿˡ
һͨܶľȵ̾ѣ񹤵ܶΪ
һǸħȻɢĹâȴֱֱǽڵĺµ񣬼ǰȻϵع
ڰ֮ϣҳϵͽ㵻棬ԭǵĴšĹڵдʡ
һŻȻԭ˵ļһﾹȻǴĺڰ֮񣬿ʵڲôѹֻܸ»˼ҹ̻ṩĹ֮ģʣаֻȷء
ģ˼һ¾ˣǿȥɡһЦ
Ļͷһһۣæڰ֮ĵһֺЦڽ̵ϴԳɵĲ
İպڰ̻ڲΰ˺ڰ֮վһ
ڿԳȥˣһЩķȡվħС
һ뵵ðһֻռһŤǰһƬڰ֮С
ʧ֮ǣ׺ţ˺۵һǽһнǴؿɱǰ֮úͽʬ¶ǵľеľ֮ÿһ̵ֻľ֮䵹һúͽʬλϵĿȴɫ԰׵ؿǽϣβʩųһʥ⾻һƬһѹͷħѵ˼ޡ
ʵ̫ˣɱ֮ոտһƬӿ˽ܵţ͹ѾҪ֧ŲסˣѪʧǵĹٶԽԽٻҲʼģ
һͷţ趯ļϣţһǰ÷飬ʹĿԣţ۷죬һɱķ׾޽ϵĵЩˣؿڸոձһ߽ʬ˺һĿӡ
ĸ˶ѾˣϾҪɥڴˣ˵ʱͻΪЩеһԱˡ
¶̱ٶٲˡգһģΪ˾ԼľͲǿռѷ죬һΪ˾ҲȥⶼԼĴ¶櫵Ŀһ
ʱ¶ͻȻճһĹâռ俪ʼŤΪǱˮۣæգգۣͼϢѿһ죬Ӱе
һһĽ㣬ǻˡ¶櫿ϲش
׺ţҪֿˣһ˵һˣ̴Ӿǳ˷ܼһ㡣ﶼһһ˾˵оˣһôһˣڲ֪˵ľ䡣
һȻ׹һתƮڿСţ͹鼯ŵĹҡҡ׹ʱѵسȥһۻĺһȦȦǰһŵӰ㵹ȥڵʨӺʮ㣬Ըʺϲˡ
һڶĹɲǵһȵģʨӺɨĵط龹̤һ
һ׺ţֹסѪùϵħֱӽǵԹ׻˼ɣˣֻеظæˡ
¶櫳ճյһһʱԺﾹһƬհףҸ̫һʱûзӦ
СҰ׵ɫһһʹǰ¶櫱뻳Уһֵı
һҲΰɣ𣿡¶૵ϤζΧޱȰġ
ңһˡһĶͷ
ܵǶͷо¶ʼǰǻþһһ૵ˣá
һῴԼг˯ȥС飬ǧԼļʱǶû¡
վһԿһЩӵȻˡڽ봫ħʱԭǸͨģҪȻ׵˵ӲŹ֡
һһ̧ͷöȻ飬鲻һɣӶЦ


65 ж


ʱħԻظһЩΪţ͹ʩչ߼
һ¶»ӣܾﲻ̫ԾռѷѾˣôǻſڰ˵Ҫ˻ȥҪڴ˳ˣһԽԽͷ
ǡҲһɻҲ⡣
ţҵռѷʲô飬Ϊʲôô飿һʵ
ţԴǶιȥˣ¶櫾ǣ֪ԭǵռѷȥˡ
죿һĿԣ֮ɫǸֵĿռ£ôֻһأѵǸռ﷢һжβɣ
ǸչûһӵǰΧˣǴɱڣҪٲǾȫƨˡţŵһݵһһһŵʨӺĽѡ
һĵȥˣôһͻȻˣ̲סʵ
һ¶ɫЦЦҲ̫浽ǺģôǸǲ֪ˣֻͻȻһǱؼˡ
׵ͷûʣһȴһŵɫ
սһһҹţ˶ԪˣǱһҹٽȥ̽һ̽ʧ֮ǵڿ˵˴룬˵ʧ֮ǵȴſʼ˵ŴĲƱо˫кڰ֮ƣǵȻܾʹ˷ˡ
һŲԶЩúͽʬüͷ壬طôͼ鰡һħЩȥʱЩ˵θڵĵͼȫ˵һ֮þºڰħй¶ʵŲº͵òƺĹף֪ǿֻˣɲ쵽׷ɱ
ĹȰһںڰϵħʦʵټǶĺħʦҲԶһˡһԼʵ⣬˵˵ڶ㣬ħȴȻͣڸ߼ħʦľ磬Ҳ֪ǲѧ̫о
˯𣿡һͷҲصʵ
šӦһӺ§סһ
ģ㲻̫Ǹռôãȴֻһ졣һְ§ϵϡ
кڰ֮ڵĵطûʲôܡĵĻشһЦãڰ֮ô˲
һĻЩɡ
ţʲô¾˵ɣʲô˵İһЦ˫ַĵϸš
ɵİȫһе̱һҶ˼Ҹ˵ˣҾãùЩ⡣
һ⻰һֵĴתʵ⣿
ü˼ߵʱƺܵһͬϢͺһֲǺȷ
˵Ҳ˺ڰħһȵ
ܡ
һ˼βЦˣ˺ڰħҲûʲôǲҲͬô
ĵͷͻȻһԼһĻС
ʲôһ죬ЩڴЩߡ
һǶֵ顣һͷ촽ᴥľµĶֲػů˽ܻ԰
ĽһһʱǸߵڤʥŮĿɣ۵ĺ촽΢ţ˾Ʒ
һɫһȥǱ۵ζζ
ĵӱụ̀Ϣ쳣ȣһǸռѻΣÿеһʮһһֻͶķˣܲҲ뿹˵ȴԵˮ֮
һһָֻǸͦε壬һֻȴŮشŪ˿㶼ѱ¶ʪ
ľܲסؽһʮܣʶͦһĸŪ
ǽȥɡЩ޷ˣСָſӶŪһСֵܣĿ顣
һһѽᱧһʡ
Ļʱȼ˺ŶԷ·һˡ鰮еһһƵϡ
һҪҪߣҪҡؼʱ̣¶櫾ֵĴС
˵ļ类һˮɷʱϨˣһæҵ·ͳ˳ȥڴϡ
һ¶櫵񣬱޺Ż˫ڿץﲻϵظŸղŵǾ仰Ȼˡ
һץס¶櫵֣¶櫣ѣ£
¶۾һĵĻУСĽͣһ۲ѡ
ԣ£һߣᶪġһḧ¶櫵ķ۱
ģҲ𣿡¶ʵ
һһжԼôŮӣеҸе˳θУԼþǿܹǡ
ɵѾͷĻôҴӦ㣬ֻҪ㲻ҾôҲҪšһ¶櫵ͷԼĻС
˵ģ׼ڡ׼ڡ¶૵ԽԽͣƣ˵Ļаĵ˯˹ȥ˫ֽ½ǣܵһ
һ̾һ¶
ҹˣԶ


66 ̯


һ磬һһ˾ӵؽʧ֮ǣؽǰܲ˷أ
ŰڵŲƵķݣһ޸пӵвĳȴ⸱ģ¶
ɭӶȥˣʲôذ¶һôСŮͨһŮ֮Ϊϰ
ףǲҪһһӵڳɣô෿Ҫڵ°쿴һ޼ʵĲǽ
׹ЦôʱȥڣֻҪڿˣ϶ʧ֮еˣʱõ
ѽһ˼ʲôǱ˷ʱˣȥҳɡȻеıεر¶
һﰵҡͷһð߾ưɼʱӡͦģվüİһĸо̰ųҲΪųŻڡ
׳ŪһţӻͳͼЦңͼʧ֮һֻ˵ı־϶Ҳͬı־
Ҵչһͼϱһֻ˵ıǡһݷ˼岻ʧ֮ʲôϸɡ
һ˼ĿĴͻȻĿͣԶһ߸ߵϣûʲôرģص¶һСػɫĶǷ˱־ס֮Ļʣµ֮һǽضǳ
ѾҵλˡһЦ
ڴ
ǱߣǸı־ûУһָ
뻯һҡҡͷһָĵطĿҲҲǣǶ컯֮ʶ쳣ÿݽһͻǿ֡½Ķħ֮ʶҲ˵ͲһЩ
һһ˳ǸȥͻȻһͣɫһ侯СģﲻЩ̫Ծ
һĻҶʱͻȻеصҲ顣
еĵطǲҪ鷨ʦٻܳģرڰ֮ĳУһе˶飬ҪȻڶ顣
ʱһĥĿһ߾úͽʬӵ˳ŵĲƿ׺Ũޱȵɷ֪ЩɲǳЩͨĵͼ飬ǰսʿͽȻͨҪײеöࡣ
ʲôɱȥһȵ޽һԴ
򣬿ʼɱ⼸ʮȴһһ˳˴ǶΪ鱻Դûй˭֪ЩȴͬԴһز¶櫳꣬һĿ죬һҪǵ鱬Ƭ
һһųһ亹˺Ǹӽһ·࣬ǻЩͼô࣬ǿ鷳ˡ
һ·ɱһָǸ߸ߵһȥһڣǺɫĶһ˵ıǣǱ档
棬ڰɡ׵
һ˿ɫνʼ磬ȻôҲýȥŸİ
׼˵ĴŵĴ򣬼˵Ķħ뷢ܿ¶һɫĽţһȦɫħģǱúڰħӡסˡ
ԡǰĬһ͵ĹŰǺڰħӡ
ոսӴǸӡѿѪ÷˳ȥ
죬ôǰסĵ
츧ؿڣβŻعҡͷûʲô£ʩڰħӡ˵ȼܸߣҽⲻˡ
һʵһûа취
һԿߵǰһַֻǺڰħӡϣȻҡҡͷ̾Ҳⲻ
һһۣȴ΢΢ҡҡͷӡаս⿪ģһҲܣһȴⲻĵ
ǳʧ˳Ĭ֮УͻȻâһѸײڶ֮ߵ졣
컹ûӦԴѾ˼ңĴѪϸߡ
׵һٶ¶櫣ţסˣһʱ侹ûзӦֻǴȻվͷʬ塣ֻһɫͷβûбֹ׵ģȴûУ֪֮ɱҪԼ̯ˡ
һǴЩϷʵһص˿Լɱ쾹üͷһ£ӦѿʼԼˡ
ʱ¶ѻع¶ſ鹭׼˹ףһߺ𾪣ʵ벻ĶӳͻȻɱԼͬ顣ţҲһŭҪȥƴһȴסֻûʲôӦ𾪹ָһƽ


67 Ҳ


ûŭ¶櫺ţֻǵһţͼпЩʲôʧˣһڵ˫ĿһĺڶףҸһֳƵѹָС
һ㶼ȡЦʣһµӣ·ղɱֻһֻ
Ҫ𣿡һЦŷʣζȥǲ㺩αװ˫Ŀž֮ɫĹס
ûнӻֻǾվȽǰͺһȫŨغֻ˫ڴϵĺڰħӡһǺɫħĿʼ䵭ʧ
Ǻڰħ¶櫴󾪵鹭ٴξ
һס¶ʾҪȻŹЦҪɱɣҲ֪ˣǲҲҪɱأ
ϬĿֱһǹ̻ˣԱȴûɱǣǿɱңû·߳çԭ໥ȡ裬ֶΪأ
˵׶˶٣ת¶櫵¶櫣ڰħԺӾȡ
ʲô˼¶ʵ
ٺ٣ĺýģԸ㾪һ¡Ц
¶ģȴһһ˵ͷ
Ǻڰ̻ˣʵ
ѵڰħһǺڰ̻𣿿СǺڰ̻˰ɡһȻǶԺڰ̻ἫΪм
ù⻰Ļûʾʲô¶櫾ʹָŹ˵ĽŲǺڰ̻ˣǾħôǺڰ̻ġ
һЦڰ̻ﲢÿ˶ʮ֮ͽȴ̻һаޱȵ֯˶ǳѪĶħ
ҲҲͬһҿ͸ȴҿ϶кһĺڰϢȻڸǣȴҲͬңӦҲϵĺڰϢЦ
Ľ㣬󻵵ƭҵĶԲԣͲǺڰ̻ˣҲûꥰħԲԣ¶εġ
̾һһӣһɫĹУ¶櫵˵ûȷʵǺڰħҲȷǺڰ̻ˡ
ģģһ¶ɫ԰һһʱʵЩܲˡ
һ¶ͷɵѾͷڰħħһģֻħ಻ͬѡ
ǡ
˵ڰħĶ鱩Űɱ˲գ۵Ķħ𣿡һЦ̻Ầ˰ԴͽǸϾɱ
¶櫵ͷ
С飬Ľദôã㿴Ůħͷ𣿡һʵ
¶ҡҡͷ
Լ۾ԼĸоҪܱô˵֪㲻Ľ㣬Ǿǲҡһı
¶һҲ֪Щʲô
һ̾һһָһƺָ⣬Ҳ˺ڰħǲҲң
¶ȫһ𣬲ŵһԽԽͻȻһҪһѱסһĸ첲һţ㣬Һ¡
һıϣԼŮ˲޷ܵıˡȫӣΪԼܵȴǳ⡣
ţ𣿡һתͷţ˵ӡǳãֱĻҷǳ塣
ţϰߵͷҵȻˣûڰħţľˡ
׾ȵһǼɵܸܵϵĺڰϢȴһǳһ·һ˵ľһδһΣǹһǿƻһʦܹġ
û뵽Ҳڰħ˵Ҿͬ·ˣʱ䱦ǽȥɡ˵һŽɫĽ߿һǺ˵ζӿ˳
˼죬ĴͻȻ˻ĹâԭǽϵħԶһС˽ȥ
˻ҳǳ¾ɵİװξͿԿյĺϳƷüȥһüǮȴûȥ
ǰһȣϿûħƣǰħһ߳ԶϨˣɶ칤Ʋ֪λŷģڲ½ûôȽħװá
ǰһƬڣһֻʩħĺܴһת˺ܾòתһ飬кֵܶǮƷһǹ׶ЩҪҵľǳĲر⡣
ڻ˳ûʲôΣգǣһôҷֿңûʲôġ
һƿһǻҳţһۿȥ֪һŮңõ÷ǳܰ¡һ²鿴ûл֮Ķ¹ĿıǸƯѣʽǳ¡
һһͻȻͫȻŴָһۺ£ŵء֣طȻ֣
ʱ¶˽ؿһǰԲεĶʵʲôѽ
һع񣬻Цؽۺֵݸ¶櫵ŮӴ·
¶ССĲҿôҲ벻ͨôСĶǴĵġ
ѣⶫأҲ֡һ¶櫹͵ظٺֱЦ
֣¶ɻͻȻһɫеضԼظٿ˿ԲһĶʱ׹
¶һ죬æⶫ˳ȥ
ۺֱ¶һףƮƮڴϡ
һ۾һֱȥӵһߣȻ¶һȭͷСˮ


68 ص


һ۾һֱȥӵһߣȻ¶һȭͷСˮ
ۣƯˮ򡣡¶櫾̾ˮϣֵذš
ͦƯģϲŰɡһЦ
š¶һصͷȻԴûһֿ
һȰұܰɡ¶櫽ˮݸһ
һӹˮ򣬸ˬĸоͻȻˮȻħĲһ̽һħ
ˮͻȻ󷢹âԭӨ͸ˮȻԳͼȳڻһرƯĻ԰̲࣬ŽأļɽȪŻ濪ʼƶЩζһ㡣ԶԶضһµͤӣͤһλȵŮоһ鿴񣬲̫Զ̫ŮĿ
һϧʱ򣬻濪ʼˣˣŮͻȻ̧˹һɲʱ־޵ĸоʵٵľǼĵģ˿ַǳгĸо紺һ˾ƽ
ʱˮŮ¶һ΢Ц۴ź˵ʲôˮûһŮ
浽ȻֹȻ±һӨ͸ˮһ¶櫽һȻûлع
ƯĽ㰡¶һ૵
һ˾ˮŮΪˮ𾪣ôħ˾ž޵Ķⲻ൱һĿǰĲ½ħ֮ȲǸոѧӤ
һǷһصĵͨʱ洫ţĽл
һ̽ˮӽռָ¶櫵ʱ˵ȥ֪𣿡
¶櫵ͷһţǱ߱ȥ
صһ鷿ҵģܵĺ棬һͨµĽݣ׵һŵħơ
°ɡһ˵ȥҲȫ
ɾȫ̤֮ͻȻһѸٺϡ׼ûпء
ȫһ飬ȴôҲҲ򿪵Ļء
ʲôôһ㣬ͺˡţ˵Żݺȥ
ֻһĿռصţ˴õŹ³Ľݣʮ¥ݺŶǴѪػεվ
һжʱ𲻺õԤУħͶԣžȻԷһй
·ˣֻǰˡһЦ
һ˱䱸ȥ̤ټĽݣȫɵˣʲôңǸԹʮ׵ľ뾹Ȼмʮͨ˵ȷ·ֻһĶ·
⣬ô죿׵ɴ۾û⡣
ô죿衣һûĻش벻ûһͨ˽ȥ
һȥˣҲ˽ȥ
һ֪·ɻʵ
֪һֱ׳ػش
֪㻹Ҵܣһ·ô죿׼
ǲ·˵ûҲǵһѡһ
׳Ĭһ˵ûǸû·ˡһʱ䣬Щѹ֣˶û˵ֻͨаȴȴĽŲ
һͣ˽ŲΪͨǰֳַͨûħƣһƬ
żĻһֱӳмǸͨɵһȥ˶ֹͣ˸ĽŲһǶŻȥģɵ̤Ǹͨʱȴ类һ㣬ǿȻһƬڡ
ʱ洫һһűϢˡ
һĺ¶ͬʱҵؽлһͬһ˽ȥոֹͣŲֻʶһֱܱѣ˵ĽʱǱʲôҲ˲ˡ
ţ㶣˹һҲ˽ȥ
ʱֻʣһˣԭЩ֪룬һľ϶ˣԼʱȥ
ʱ½¶櫣ĺţľù׸ӲҽȥˡͻȻһ紵׶һ£תԭ·ۻȥ


69 


һŻмͨȥɳȥ֮ŷԾûϨ𣬵ȴһߵĹߣֻܸеɢ¶ħ
һһ˻ȥ˭֪һ˾͸еһգֱֱµȥɷһ
һƬڵĿռ䣬һֻһ˱һˮ޴ĳһһˮһ³ȥҪȻҲˡ
һ۾ʼˮտտģǳĸɾͨ͸³һȣˮĸʼһϡһĬʹǧ׹ͻȻ뿴ˮ׵ʲôһȥ˵ףˮ״ƬƬĹâ˸յˮ׻ɣ쳣ѤĿ
ʱˮ洫ˮһס忪ʼΣµǵˡ
һΣӰʼϸһһѾˮĸȥɲʱ׷ǣһ§¶һ§ġ
ڳֵ̫ͻȻŮòһһ̴һ¶櫣Ŷһġ
Ůعһϲ־ԼͬذһۡһյǷֵİۣͷһĿһöΣȻ֪ĺ壬æһɫɫظĴֵһۺȥ
һȻ¶Ҳˣһס¶櫵С죬ˮ￪ʼķʽʪǣ¶ܵס˵һ±㳹ʧˡ䣬һĴҲͣһ¶櫹͵ظһΣǻȵļͦſӶ¶櫵˫֮䣬ʪ͸ʮһܸоصķ϶
ˮһ˶Щˣ˴Ϣˮ棬㿴İŵţ
¶櫵û죬ظһ㣬һ㽫һ
һ¶櫳ˮһܣʱˣĵطһ̻Ի͵ĵңǽƱߵȼħǶѻɽྫޱȵĿ׺찡۹ıҲû˶ĲƱɣЩͿһȥҲΪ֮
һ𾪵ʱͻȻһʹعĺţҲ
һͷһεغٺһЦһʩųһڰ罫֡ԭոˮеļ黹ĩˣһСֵȻ߸ͦţʪʪÿӶϸߡ
·ϰɣҿɲǵ屻ͷţȥһЦʼԼʪ·
Ұ㡣¶һ۽εǰһذһ½
¶һˣ㡭ǣ֪һĹϵһҲĩü˵ıǹҪ֪ġ
һЦЦС飬ԺĽĽˣ㲻𣿡
¶һ˲ʧ񣬱ЩӣָܿҲǰһ£Цв˰ĽһҸ˻أ
Ůİ£һ±ˣǾȻ߰ţ¶ƻŮȣһֻӰĸͣ
ʵļһᵯһСֵһ£û
һСֵܶʱֳ˼֣¶櫰һƲͷȥٿһŮ߱¶壬аһ
Ҫţء˿Сﴭ
һѹʱ˿ˮ֮ȷʵʱһڵѹ£ӿռָóһ·ϡŮҲߵȥʪܵ·¶չ޹壬һŮĶԱ¶ڽСεģ޳εģ˽ǱǣƤѩ׻塣¶櫵鱥ͦΣ뵹ۣĵ״°񣬽ǼƷеļƷ
һűȽϣŮֺγûأ
Ľ㣬Ŀá¶Ľ
ҲЦ
Ů£һצֲʵһ¶һģǵŮѡ
ģǶһˣͲҪαװˡһЦȻԸ⿴˫
ĵͷĿһŤͨɲʱһ㣬˭˶ʧǡ
ۣĽ㣬ԭôƯ¶ֻ۾ճĵϣ̾
һЦ¶ÿɱƯˣһϲĿ㰡
ĵĻ¶ʱüЦ˸ճֵѰһ˿Ѻ̱ʧӰˡ
һһ͵ЦˣǸóȥˣҪȻţСӸüˡ
յڰ磬һţճɵɵһŵĿ׺ͱ޲ýЩȥȴֻǿŲûжȥ
ţʲôأˮˡһһţļͷ
ţһͷشȴͻȻ˶һŻָĿġ
˭ţͰ͵
һٺһЦ֪ţķӦǱ㽫ĵ˵һ顣֪λĩŮĺţעתЩϣһЩǿɲߣ
ϻֻҪõ£еĶߡһЦ̰֮ĲƱ
һĻţ̲һīɫĴִӣɢɱţץӣ̽еӵһߣ趯֮һֵôҾⶫʹ
һ˼ˣɢϢ˵ҪѪģһѪ濴һ
ţ˵ҧָһѪѪǸī̵ĴϣʱͻȻ̹ⱩȻͨɢĵĹâֱħ֣ΪþӦ֡
ţ˷ܵشһþһӣÿһλӶһȦĵĹâһ޻صİ
þˣһͨţеԽԽᣬǿԼһ㣬Ůһ󿩿Ц
ʱͻȻζǽͻȻİţĽ˷


70 ˯


ʱͻȻζǽͻȻİţĽ˷
ÿһһڵãģһĳò࣬һжʮߣҿлƮ͸飬ĽǷġ
飡һɫһ䣬һ֣Ϊϡ٣ԹΪбѲıǲ
һɵشӺڰԪռ佫ʮ˾߳úͿͷųöԳãһʵ࣬ȴһ⣬Ѫɫ߳Ҳ·硣
SSĿ޿ɲǳصģǿ׵繥ݻһ߾ߵĳãǼȻһĶԸˣΪֻо񹥻ſ˵ǡ
⼸Ȼǿȴǿһǿľսûгñˣ鱻һջغڰԪռ䣬ǣƳɷҪöࡣ
ʱ֮ĶԾҲˣ˿޵ʮ˾ֻ΢ˣ˵˵ñȽأǰĹͷ˶ԿȴѪɫһͷ
һ۵ħе޲ϹƴӺãļֵܣ´Сĵ㣬Ҫиҿô
Ǹڰռһ֮ĶԻϰΪ¶櫺ţ𾪺ɻû뵽һȻħʦһһû
һʮ˾ջ˺ڰԪռ䣬ҲûзǺڶۿһ˿ĺ⡣뽫Ҳջȥģ˭֪С¶ȴŲˣǿɰģġ
һСأʱ¶櫲ֻһΪССϻ
˯أһֻ̰ԵСһһ˯˯ôãڻûѹ
Σսһǿʼ˴ɨ׼ıͷߡ8ţߵþķ10ĹмʮʥϰټǸ߼ġ
¶һΪȻ̾ϢĹĸ߼֪֮˶ٱʵ㷢Ӳ
ϧûкڰϵķȣֻԭõķȡָķߣĶһɨ˿ռָɸɾһҶû¡
һ˲䣬һ־еˡûãֱüˣǮûиƨðĸڱҶҲһڡ
˶Щˣÿһطˣûҵʲôء
һǲǳȥ˰¶櫿һļ
ģطһгڵģûزƱûгڵġһüͷ
ұеĵطûзֳڰ¶櫵
һؿտˮ̶ͻȻ𵱳ǸڰռʱҲǴˮ̶ҵܵǲҲһأ
ǻһطûҡһЦ
ͬʵ
һָָˮ̶Цˮǻûҡ
˻Ȼˮ̶ȷʵûҹҲ֣û˵˭ﻹһôˮ̶
ţȥһվʱˮ̶׵ƬĹâӾйŹˡ
˵һԾˮУ˵ʵڵģˮŵĸоǳ˵̺ŷḻĿأһﲻ
һԽǱԽñԿʵ̶ˡ˫̶̤ףһ˾ȵط̶̵ľһıʯ
ʧ֮ǵĳҲ̫Ǯ˰ɣǮҲ˷ѰһֱֹȻؽЩʯռָˡ
浱һյʱ̶ͻȻ͸һǣһϲΪԼҵͨһɨ֮һˣʧ֮صĵط̫ľȣܿع
ԭ͸ĶǳڣһǶ̶׵һ͸ˮף;ϲĲˮ׶ŵˡ
Ȼ˯˰֪һ᲻ѹһˮǾŮŮǱˣˮλʸоŮ
һ뽫ˮ״̶ȡȥȴôŪȻģŮĳʵ̫ˣŮǧǰˣȴԾɰͺ˯һ㡣
ŮһЩţΪˮ̫ˣƤ覣ϻеĺΣôҲһ˰Ҳ˵ʧ֮ǵ˷˵ʲôҩħ߿˱
һϸûпܽˮ״򿪣˶ſˮ׵棬ˮˮ׸ǸʱͬѹŮһ㡣
ʱһŷˮ׸в֪ħĽƣֻ΢΢ħһľħȴƽⲻˡ
һſˮϴǾŮôһɳ嶯Ҫȥ
ôܰ⿪أһ˼ţŮ֪˿̣Ϊϵʺ˿ʮơԾأһ˺˿̷ĵεΣ뵽µʥϵħѾͲɽ
汿ҵħһһȡؾʹ˿̲µʥ硣
뵽һ˷ĬȫȻоǽɶһʱƺҲⲻǵģȥ˵һͲŴ򲻿ˮ׸ǡ
һˮ棬˽ŵˡ
ôѽһȥǰ죬Ƕ켱ˡ¶櫽
淢һоأһٺЦ
ʲôǳ𣿡Ľӿʵ
ٺ٣Ǿ֪ˣǶҪʱ䣬ǱġһЦ
ʲôôЦô¶櫻ɵ
ʱ֪ˡһЦһȥ


71 


һһצſˮ׸ϣͬˮֵħ硣ĺʩŽˣҪ֪һԲѴ֮ƻһ10ʥħȴҪ˶ʱˮϵħ磬֪ʩŽһħʦ˵Ƿء
֪䣬һȻˮ׽ڤ״̬ĩˮ׿ʼ˵Ĺâ̶׵ˮϢرһǿгſˣˮڱһˮĿռ䡣
ͻȻ䣬ˮ׵ĹâɲǼûˣˮ׸ǾȻʼˣԽԽ
ڣˮ׸ʧΣſˮ׸ϵһȻȻµˣ˵һѹ˹Ůϣ촽ɵòɵشŮķ۴ϡ
һѹû۾ŵһɷǳŵŮ㣬¶ţеζһۣһĶͷһԳĽëʱŸоԼһƬɵҲ֪ѹһŮˡ
һûж촽ȻŮķ۴ϣΪɫģΪˣԼѹˮŮϲ˾ȣΪȻоؿ𶯡
һһ㣬ЩͻȻôһָоƵʾȻԽԽƣֲǵԼŮľôһֹͬһһ㡣
ȻŮյ˫ĿȻһˮԶ峺ɽϪˮһԲλࡣ
Ůһߵ˫ĿãȻɻȻоһ֮ɫ
һʱŻعӣϻŵ㡣
𣿡Ůˣøݺһ㣬ǳ
һһشŮĴζ
ŮĹ˻üţƺڻʲô
ܸ˭𣿡κŮ̧Դһ
һɵˣԼ֪Լ˭͸֪ˡ
㲻ʶңŮǲΧ¶ɷʱ˺üȡ
һȻŮϸܵǿҵˮϵħоǺޱߣôСͣѵ˴ħʦĳ̶ȣ
һʶ𣿡һЦ
޳ܵɱ㡣ŮĬǿˮϵħԪطۼˮ̶ˮʼ
һһ亹ǿħʩųɹ˻ˣӰһʧԭأһʱѳŮĴŮĲϣ䡣
ô嶯嶯ħҽѣôԴľ𣿡һĨȥͷ亹
ɾʱŮһһǿһɣŮѶһɫĽ硣
ңŮʵ
Ҿ㣬ԶҪײﲻաһЦ
ߣΪһ𣿡ŮЩҧгˣ벻κ飬Ϊѹϵİˣ˭֪Ȼʶǲˡ
Ҳûа취ɱҲˡһһת
ŮһȻĹ
һٺЦһܷ˯ǧ㸴ǹ㾲оһ¡
˯ǧꣿŮЩ˿ˮʶˡ
ĬĬضţǽԸе֮һľϵŲͬͬĽţŮﷺһֵĸоԼǰһɷָһ㡣
ŮǵĽջˣ̾һõȻ񾲡
ʲôҲǵˣһ˵ȻʵǷǳ֪ʧ֮ǵйôԻ͵ħ
Ůҡҡͷ˵ҵԺһƬհףʲôҲûС
һ룬ӿռָóڳҵˮӸ㿴ʲô
Ůӹˮ򣬱ܵħȻ㶵ؿˮĻ԰Լüš
Ϥһ벻Ůһ̾ЩãȻ
Ժɣؾ˯̫ˣǺ顣һЦʵͲ֪ǲΪԭ򣬵ֻ뵽οˡ
Ůͷо˲سУһ㶼ղǸһɱŮ˵Ůжԣ⻰治١
ȥɣһмͬ档һŮĳ˼


72 ںη


һŮҪȥʱĿⲻƳǶ̶صˮףͻȻù׵Щ쳣
һ¡һ˵ϸϸ鿴͸Ĺ׵״Ʈ沢ʵĵġ
ڣһԺ֣ʱ˷
ʲôŮһ˲֪ˮЩŭ
һ̧ͷЦЦɱᰡҳڡ
ڣŮ͵һƺЩʲô㶵ؿˮףͻȻĻӣһĹâûˮСֻˮ׵һ¶һĴ󶴡
ڣǳڣǺġһ˷ܵôУ鲻ԽرŮһ¡
쵰ŮһΪŭһһ˱
һЦ֪ԼЩˣһţסԼı÷顣
ŮһڽѵѵɾʱͻȻʼҵŮһһĻСһʱȴûȥռˣҵ˲
ǵøϿ뿪ˣңȥҵͬһסŮ˵ˢһϳȥ
һˮ棬һʯһʯͷɣʯ˴󺰵ˮ档
˺ԥˮΪ˼ӿǱٶȣһó˳̵ľõޣ˷̶Ǳȥ
ʱʯҽˮ̶ں׷һѹ
¡̶ףһһˮµͨʯգۼͽˮ̶ƽˡ
һٴοʱѳʧ֮ǵĳ⣬ǻûüһͷˣʧ֮ǿʼ³ݣ纣һеĶȫ㸲
һʩ˼˵ϣûǰȥʱǵûб뷨ֻƴܣܳĵط
һȫǬŲƵĻûģԸôǶأ
һ¶һֳţĺλŮƯں档ʱʮ׸ߵԽԽһٲٿ¾Ҫڵˡ
һְɣˡ¶Щ˸Լһ𱻻
ϴſԼӰɡţŵϴ뺰ˣһֱӣһֱҺڡ
ұ죬һǲᶪǶġһҧؽѵʱԼŮ˺ֵܣ޲硣
һͦεıӰϵԣۿʪˣΪһŮˣʲôӵ˸Ҹأ
һԵŮҲһЩѼ飬һҲԼŮ˺ֵܵٻҲȥɡܸоһʸ־ľģܸеһźů
ۿǳľ޴˾Ҫ˶Ůһ̾ϵһͻȻðһ׹⽫֣ɲǼʧԭء

ʧ֮ʮ￪һСɽվ濴Ƭ߲ʣʧ֮ǣɫһһʱλ£Ů÷ӡſռħ˲ƵطҪȻ¾ͼ̫ʵĿˡţˬһ
һ档¶櫵
һüһСӴʱӦʧ֮ǳ˰ɣһһҲѹҲţһһеسõĻ벻ġ
¶櫼һûʲôӦû˹׵ĵͼôçԭ
һȻԭ¶櫵Цʲôзڣ߲ССĻçԭ𣿡
飬¶櫲ԣһĻ૵ţֻҪڣҾʲô¡
ʱţڵ£زþԴӵõ˼ȫ档
ͻȻ˳һ䡣
ôˣһʵ
ĳŮָָһʼŮʧ֮ǵķ棬ξӨۿﻬ¡
ΪʲôΪʲôҵôܣŮţһ㯡
һЩˣȻе飬ŵʧ֮ǵѪҺļʧ֮ǰ
һǰӿռָóһ˿ݹȥŮûнӣһһۺϵˮһ˲ȫʧˣָֻ˵ȻƸոǸɵŮֻһĴѡ
ļңûȷʵӦģû˻Цġһʼ磬ջ˿˵
ŮȴҡҡͷǲҵļңѾû˼ҡ
˭˵ûмңҵļұļң֮Ĺϵ𣿡һЦ
Ůһʵļأʱĺ¶ҲһҲ֪һļҵ
Ůȴһסˣ̧ͷԦӥĬ˰βŵӥɵٸߣкӵĵطǼңŮߵԶеĵطǼңҵļңġ
Ůһĵ˸УﲻɷͬĸоһҲôˡ
ĺ¶櫸Ǻۿһһҵرһֱۡ


2 ݺ 73 ʥħѧԺ


۹ǡ
ҹһӰϢسżĸ֣һٱܹһһӵѲ˼ŭ鷿⣬鷿һصĽá
鷿ﴫŭϵ
ʮŲμӰź̵ϥڵϣһ
ŭȻǰܱʼ飬ͷĩ̧һ¡ΣʵСүٲ𣿡
ؼǰڹǷСүӰעӶȥçԭһʧ֮ǵA䲻ݹǴϢСүͷ˼ĴСӴ˹ϵСүʵѵ｣ʦ硣Ӱ׼ȷ˵
ŭִʵһ٣ò˵ȥɣСүһ㱨
ӰӦһʧ鷿֮ڣŭվ鷿ŲӣȻ̾һһֱΪΪ㲻ѧû뵽㾹صô
żǧ۹Ȩģ̸ڣһƱԱϣ䰵޿ײ룬鲼۹ÿÿҵһ˵޴ģҲģ˵ŭԻλûκ뷨Ǿƭ˵ġŭǸ۲ΰԵˣڵȴһʱڿһ˿ϣµ۹۹ΪçСħʦ¼ϵȽţ˫ǵƵսһơ
ŭҪĺܼ򵥣ֻҪͷϽһյø۹Ϊ۹֮һƱػУʱһͿԳƶƾеҪʶλҲ޿ܡ
ŭߵ̾һòֻӣ˵֮λҪģֻһͨ˼ҵС㣬ʱҲһ竣˼СŪ˶ӣֻ˸ƫȻߣխµϡ
Ȣ˶ĴСΪޣȻѧĺүŭƫż˭֪ΪȻ첻ѧĹȴôװҲװģʱ޷죬ȻԼ顣
뵽ŭϵѵ¶һ˿Ц⣬Сӻʤ뵽Ȼ͵͵˽ʦĵȼҸçԭʧ֮ǵ񣬻çԭʲôطʮܿģȻЩİȫȴŶӲ֮ࡣһεżŭѡ

ģůů΢紵Ҳɵغ
ĹٵϣһŻһԶȥ۵Ѫ׷Ŵ۵ĹâŨصɱ·˷׷ױãҶ࿴һۡ
ۣ˭ôɣȻҪŵѪս͡·˼׶ǱɱļƤʵ
·ұӵؿһۣߵ֪ѵûϵĻǣ˲ӾǹˣҲֻлֱϵʸѪսŻ͡
׳գⶼ֪С޺С㣬ȥʥħѧԺѧϰġ·˼
ѵǱżҵүǿλ·˼ʵ
·Һ·˱ɲʱ˿һ˺һﲻʶı顣·˼Īʱѱʿģ˰סˡ
ʵڲ෹˵˵ŵİҲûʲôڻʹˣװһ̸۵Ķǿ飬ñ鲻õᣬһ
ǻʵսһʥּ۴µ˲˭һʮ첢Ҵڱ̣Ҫ
ϣ޺޷һߡֻ࣬Ϻޱ飬˫Ŀ꺮һ䣬Ĭؿϣ֪Щʲô
޺޿ģ̾һԭŪһûǣоԽԽΪõѣ޺Ҳ
˵ʥħѧԺʲôӵأ޺Ż⣬治ӡ
Ƥ̧̧ȻʲôӾʲôӡ
˵ϵħʦ˹ҲڿΣ֪ʲôʱܴﵽǸ̶ȡ޺΢΢һЦֻ֪Ҫ˵ħϲŻһ˿
һģһһᳬԽıӷһ˿ɣе׷Ψħĵ׵سޣǧӦħ֮Ըɡ
ʥħѧԺǲ½õħѧԺУڰ˰ǰȻֻһСңʥħѧԺȴҵĽ˰Ϊ½ħʦͽʿϵħʦ˹ѧԺԺ֮ڲ½ƵսʼʥħѧԺ˷ǳؼá
޺֮ǰڿ۹ħѧԺǶרŵʦ̵ħʦĹ͢ʦͻȻҪǰʥħѧԺѧϰ޺Ϊֻͬһȥ
ѪսʿŵĻ¿ǰȥʱĳֽнԶ޹˼ɵ˵ƽߵһˡ


74 Ӷ


ããĻçԭϦѪУ̱ǵѪζƮͰǲħʬӲյ㡣
Զˣޣʮ˾ôʬ߳ȻһһˣԱ߳˸ſ⣬һֻڰ׵ϻԭ̰ԵСӳ˯ѹĸͷԭ˽һһһ׵һа㣬ʮֹ졣ʩһЩĹϵħͺڰħϵڰϵͬʱһֻħϣֱĩţ裬һ̥һһֻ̥ĳ
һǴħȥ˰ɣҲ֪Ҫò߳çԭ¶ʧ֮Ѿһˣûлçԭĵͼһÿ춼ɱ¾жȹçԭħʵ̫ˡ
ȻSSĿޣһƵħȺԶԶñܿħ޵ʶǳǿرЩǧֻһģǸͲô̤࣬ǵؾͿʼعֱøɸɾ
ˣǴµķûд߼ӦÿԵµ۹ı߾ˡһЦŹûѡԭ·˻أѡһȻͬĵ·һ·ɱֵȼħޣȴȥħˣռָĻ֪ôõء
ɫ谵¶ҲһѰһطӪȼʼ׼͡ڿռָ׼ʳѸˣçԭԳԵĶҲֻħˣЩһŷŪЩħ⣬壬һղ˶ǰҲп޺СθڣжٳԶ١
˫㣬ڿʲô鰡¶櫲ͣر˫˫һ˯֣ʱǾòʣԺ㲻˫ĸ֣Ǿ͸ȡ˫
˫΢΢һЦ˻ڿ½ͨʷЩʲôԸܰ໰ÿϢʱһҪ鿴ÿʱ˵Ŀܻ᲻ر񾲵Ȼĸоô׸ȾˣҲһܡ
˫㣬İɣһġ¶櫶µذο
˫ͷֳ麣С
ţһæòֺ˾ڸ֣һĿħ⣬鷨ʦв˵ĿҲֻһóɡ
ʱ鿴˫üһˡ
˫Ļ˽һ㶡
˫㣬˵˶ħˣ԰ɡ¶櫴ʵ
ز˫شˣΪԶѳ˵ħâ֮ڣһ͵Ӷš
ӶԶֱͣͣӳһǵӪӦǱǵĹâ
һջغڰԪռ䣬ʱҲ׼òˡ
Ӷеúܿ죬ʱѳһǵǰ֮ڣְҵУͨͨŶֲٶôˡ
һͣ£Զ㶵ŮЩѪӶʲôʱ˹ɫ˰ȴһμǱˡ
˫˶ɫ۶ţŭһΧ¶ɲʱ˺üȡ
ЩӶһѹ֪˭ͷһڣһʱЦϣǰǹӶųµսʿŸųµħʦֹضŮвλ
һҲЦˣЦúܲãȴɱȺľҴŮ˵⣬ǻˡ
ߡ˫һߣ̧ӳһƬѩ׵磬ǰʮ˴ɲʱ˱ӶŵųÿԱߵĸų˹ȥдʦʵ
ղŻЦֹӶȫ˻һ˫һ֪ģ9ˮϵħ5ĺҪö࣬˫ʲôȼսʿְҵȼʱеþȣְҵע³
һЦߵǰ棬ӸµشȺеϣʵǿųдʦʵеһϵħʦħʿʵĿԺԲơ
ᣬֻһᣬǱӶžûжġӶųһЦݵ˸ղŮֶΣٿŮɷӲͷˡ
ֻ֪һҲһ°ɡһЦţȴԽԽ䡣
ʱǳŸų»ϵħʦƿųŵҲģ֪˭ǰµ۹ӣŮǿ㡣
ųԽ㣬֪ѲˣʾⷢҪΪǿ
һһƸƨӣԱߵųƲǰ棬һò䵹ʮʦʵȻȽʦǿ˲ֹһΡ
ǣһһɱڵغȵ
ʱӶѷ˹ħǵ
һţȴܲ˵ǰȥţһڵֺֽͷħʵ÷ǳ죬þһӽǰʮʿˣһǻҵð˽ȥǽٳˡţһ춼ɱ¾жȹڼѪͷǳ˷ܣɱϢ˲
һţ𾢣ͻȻһ쳣ǿҵħ¶Ȼ˺üʮȣ·һѩص硣
һţǬŲһˣڿռһƬӰսȦɲǼͻ䣬ԴСıܼشӶɲʱ֮һЩֿطųħ磬˱ˡ
ѵʹ˽𣿵Ȼǣ˫һһ10ıѩأʣȫ˱
ףһȽһǸԳΪµ۹ӵһɫĽɰȻҪܡ
ţҪ׷һסٺһЦųʼʩеϵħԪأƾۼӴѹء
ͻȻһֱ۴ֵжħ·ӡֻȫһħ羹Ȼû顣Ǽ£ϵĽˣ˱һֱ̿ͦͦصȥڴʱǽڵͻȻһ̹⣬ٵʧԶ


75 


˲ʧ̹⣬һзԤУʵ˭֪̹ʲô
ţ¶櫽ãȻҡҡͷüʲô
ģʲôأ֪ʲôһĵʵ
Ļع񣬵ͷûһֽдħٶȷǳ죬Էӡ˵棬һɻرš
ħ񣿴ûﰡ¶櫣֪𣿡һʵ
¶ҡҡͷҲû
ֻ֪֪кڰ̻񣬰µ۹ôأĵڰ̻ĺĳԱڶӡִħҲ⡣
һ˼һħͬ˵ֻкڰ̻еĻôֻֿܣһǺڰ̻ʵǰµ۹ˣһֿܾǰµ۹ڰ̻๴ᡣ
ô죿¶ʡ
һʼЦʲôô죬ǹҲãһҲãʲô°ֻҪǵǾˡ

ʮ󣬰µ۹˪ǣçԭһͳУǳʱձɽͮͮϼѤã˪ǵﵽһеĸ߷壬ȺĹٵɴ˶С̯СӭַǷ
Ӱͻأس˹ٵϣϦǵӰúܳܳһ˲䣬˵ĿⶼסˣһصϣһŽµ꣬һսʿɴ欵Ůӣ滹ֻɰֳ
˫شܵĽ͸ʽ̣һеһж˵ǳ档
ҵһĳˣҸõһ°ɡһһڻçԭ˰꣬˶Ҫˡ
˪һõ꣬һӳϾһ㣬˿˲۹⣬ȱľǮǮûػ
һ۾ԡҴԡ滺һֱ񾭣͵ħӳ뵵ˮƻáҲһʱ飬İ粻һ꣬ȴĿ飬һֵܼ֪˱ĪĲƸʱҲò˼飬һεĴ
ԡҵϢؿˣһӰߵһ󣬳ճݵӣһ˫ְ̫Ѩš
һûۣԡһ֪˭Ѭ²ݰζҲֻ¶СС
С飬ǲлҪ˵һ۾
¶櫵˫һš
Ǿ˵ɣ֮仹ʲô˵ģһЦ
¶櫳˫֣Ĭ˰βŵȻ˵۾𣿡
һĿȻ¶ֻһԡۣ۱Ƚ¶棬ߵϼһͨ죬ɢž˵ջ
һۣ¶һ̧ԡ۵˿
һĺһͣ˫Ĺ⣬¶ǾӨ͸ľ塣׾׳˫齾ͦţۺˮ֣Ʒ
Һÿ𣿡¶櫼һԵ壬ֽԼģҲģһжġ
ÿŮÿһ޵ȵ´š
¶һЦһǰת˶Ȧ
ԹԣѾͷʲôʱ򶮵ùˣһֹţǰСڰĴ߻£ʼȥɬŮζˡ
¶̧һſԡ֮У˫ȼķۺ칵ɲǼ䱩¶һǰһûü࿴һۣ¶ûˮĻС
һҪҰɡ¶櫱۾૵Сһǿ׳ؼϸš
Ůһֲ»ݣأͦʵطӦʱ״̬
¶櫵С»ͻȻһ׽סһǻȵļͦǹ̵¶¶櫻
С飬ҵıôһ¶櫳Ķߴ
ᡣ¶櫺˻çԭǸ컵ҹʱǲ򣬿ԼɵĵһŮˡ
һ¶еĳ䣬ָǶ飬ССĺ춹òؼ͹Ӳ
¶ţһɬٱһһѹһϣԵһؼţĥһ׳塣һĶأһ̱һĻУؼλ
һ¶߳ԡңһ߿ҵţڴϣֽһȥ
ǳԵ飬˱ССķۺӣңһ¶櫽ɽģ巺һɵɫ
һĴƣϸϸ۵ëŢĻϡ
һ¶ȫһ˫Ƚų鴤㻨¶մʪһĴ֣һһܽӴﵽĵһ߳
ǰϷ㣬һֳͣǰһ壬ıĤѣ÷š
¶§סһĲӣݺ۳ҡһռһ̣ˣŮˣôֿҲԼɡ


76 Ϭ


էȫϸţë˿¸ͣ˪ǵĴַ·һӿˣǳˮαҹģ
ˡ¶櫰һĻУյһֺͷҲԸٶ
ǰˡһ¶˿㻬ļӦ˼ЩƮһ˴ҹһЩ˸е顣
ˣС飬㲻Ҫ˵ڿ˵˰ɡһ¶櫵ƨЦʣһֻȴʵذǰǱ顣
¶櫽һץסһֵĴ֣һѹϡ
һһ㶣ЦʣղŻûιҵ
¶ȴһͻȻۿˮо̵ơ
һһ¶ҪᣬЩæ첻µز¾ŮӵᵯưָĵȻŮˣǰʱɾִ߻绨ŮعĿɲ١
Աôˣö˶˵ôˣĸ쵰۸ҼСˣһæҵذο
һذο¶櫵Ҳ̲סعߵհյصһš
һҲҪ뿪㣬Ҳ뿪㡣¶ſ
һɵˣֱŵز¶ϵ飬˭֪ԽԽ࣬һֵֻס
Ů˹涼ˮİôﰡһ̾Ž¶§뻳УҲճؿڵıˮˣ㵱Ȼ뿪ңҲ׼뿪ңң׷ʲôˣ
Σ¶櫵ȶʵұ뿪ˣٹþǾʥڣұûȥİ
һһЦʲôĵģǻؼ
¶ɲʱίת֪Ͳˡ
һЦãʲôʲôŮ˶ô
㣬ϲ㶼أҵСôɰ۾ƵˡһЦ
ᣬ㺦ġ¶һתͷʵϲΪʲô˼һؼһһӡ
ҸҪⰡؼǺ°һЦ
ǣһؼǾͺþüˣһ㣬һ㡣¶ֺۿ
һ¶櫵ҪˣҲٶˣЦɵѾͷѵҲһؼ𣿡
¶۾һģһؾɭֳ֣ɵǣǾɭǽֹġ
һһɭȷʵǽֹġЦɭǲ׼˽룬Ӧò˰ɣҵĸŮôĵؽŮɡ
¶һ죬ҲԣһԼķӦûİɡ
ڶһ磬˯ɵشӷ߳һû˯õӡʱ˫ҲŹǷ˳һһ㶣ű˫˫һ졣
Ľ㣬˫㣬Ƕ˰һҹǳ緹ء¶ɷ߹
ŮȻصͷ¶ţˣţһˬҹ˯
Ĳϰ˸ʽµ㣬һеɳϣ˽ЦϺð˯ÿɺã
ţһã̫ˣû˯ô
ʱһĺ˫һ⣬ֵʵģ˫ȥˣƤˡ
֮˽֮οŮˡһĻŮ㾪ŵߵһԱߣֱס㺦ģ¶ǻҲ֪ø磬˼һ϶û˯á
һЦЦĵһ󣬵ˣԼʩһ𣿡
һҧ´һŲһĽűϣȻʩʩȻ£˼гЩζ֮һڵԺǻҹһתлԼҪʩһ˵ȴղܡ
һЦ˦˦ţ۾һת˫ӦҲ˰ɣһû˯ģĪҲһһϣţһȻȻ¶֮ɫ
˫оһǱĿ⣬ȻתͷȥϻһƬһļһʵҹһ¶µʩһ磬ȴȵطһôûУһӿȵͼͬܣôһִԼǼϷеǡһ˶ã˫˶ãʱԼʪ͸ʱߵҸضȥ
˫֪ôźãһ֮ϬĸӦÿζµʱã϶ģֱĴϢײûȡ
쵰Ϭ˫ҧгݵѡԸˮ˯ѡ


77 ԩ·խ


Щůн˫ǲݲЩɳϿȥˡ
һԵòˣ˵ٹñǾʥڣһĿĵرȥǰɣ˵ɭɾһ㣬ٻǾ֮ȥһһʵһʧ
İһһۣЦҿ֮ⲻھưɣȥŮġ
һٺһЦһôܣ⼸Ů˼˰
ĺһȴ΢΢һĿ佱ʮá
ȥɭҲãţÿһȵıҲҪˣϴҵĹþţһʿǰţĪţ˷ܵˮĴɽ
һæӵסӣûô˷ܸͷˮ
ţǺɵЦϰţӡ
ţõһʿĳƺʲôûУ¶櫺ʵ
ţĵһ죬һʿĳƺŲԵõȫ˵𾴣ԡ
ԵõŮɡ¶櫽Ц
ţͷ˼˵峤СҪ޸ʿƺŵˡ
ţĹһԺ̸ֳһ߳ߣˮͰëһţǵġŮʱһһļƤ
ţСƯƯһû¶櫵
ţ۶ʱðģЦƯСţƯŮˡ
һЦЦţۿɺ಻̫һ˫ģ¶ɫŮһоûУʶƤ̧һ¡
һһп˫ߣζǼ䣬һڡ
һᱡĶ˫üĺһɲʱһæ˿ŮǱģһҲа
˫ֻʲôѣòŶ¶ְɡһĺ¶ֻıЦ
˫һԸɫǾҪʡΪŮ˺۸
ûˡһ
ʲôҶֲ죬˵ȥľȥġ˫
Ǻãʰһ·ɡһ
棬ͣȻҲࡣһһг˷˪ȥɭֺ˵ĴӪɽطҲǺԶ
һ·¶櫺ĴΣ򶺶䵭˫Ҳġ
ɾһ˽ǰصĽʱͻȻдǿҵħǰ˴򶷣ħĲȼ͡
ߣȥһֲֵ̫ԲԼˡ
˿нñǰΧһһŮ
Ī壡һЩǱһһŮɷīɫͷ˵ǵݡ
ΧǽʦħʦһˮϵĴħʦǻϵϵĸ߼ħʦݻǷǳġ
īһһŮеǽʦŮǻϵĴħʦ˫ʵ費СīŮ໥ϵķǳĬϴ˲ٷӡŷ͹ħƷҪȻѪ岽ˡ
ǿ첻ˡ˵
һҪ𣿡¶һԿǡ
һһôˣ¶櫼һزһĵ
һع񣬽ӲһЦû¡
Щ˿̵ˣ˲ĵŮڵأ֪ûлĪ壿һ
ʱǰսѿβˣǶĪŮȻˡʱˮϵĴħʦһħѺľŮ˻ȥ
ءĪ˿һŮ¡
ֻı̴Ƥףرûڣ֮Ѹƻڵ֯
ŮһһϢɷ
һһ̾Ϣ㲻˿̵ӣͳҲҪǡ
һʶɫħԪؿʼ𶯣ֻ˫һӣʮתķĴ߶»⳯ѰϮȥһ÷ϵħ߶Թԡ
СġˮϵĴħʦȲΣգһķٶ죬һ㼱æͷųһӡķħʦһƬӰϮķУ߼ϵϵħʦûôˣħʦû˿սΣ߲ŲĻѾˣ˻ûüгѾתķи˺
ķЧһϣΪֻܱǣû뵽һ¾ʵҪ͵ϮЧħʦ׼ҪɱǾҪһֽˡ
ˮϵĴħʦŲͬ飬ҧгݵе߹һһˡ
޳֮ͽȻĵ͵ϮֶΣͷǵġˮϵħʦ޺޵
һõЦЦЩǵģЦЩԶҪصҲߡ
ڲ½ͽǺ˻ǻˣǳ͵ϮߡͬģҲкܶڴ˵һְҵרɰɱ͵Ϯġܶһ治ݵְҵһҪʱֻؽǸЩݵ顣
ܲɣһǰǸ㰵ɱ͵Ϯרңɲʲô͵Ϯ׵ֵĻﻹĳֺأ
ģ¶櫣һͽˡһָˮϵħʦЦ
ϴأţæûжֵѾˡ
ģҪĸһЦ
Ҫ𣿡ţȵ񿴵ʦսʿֱðΪţǿڡ
УôҲҪһְһٺֱЦ
һȺȫǷ˷ζҪըˣȴҲǱˣһɢɱɲɱ˾ӵеġ
ǱӶŵģ»ʼӣ׷ɱԹŮ֪λܷи㡣ˮϵħΪһ˱˼ɡ


78 ɱ


һһǱӶŵģϵЦԽˣɢź˫ĿЦӶţԩ·խ
ˮϵĴħʦһһĻ֪ãΪԷ֪ǵݺẦ£֪Է˫гԹҲϽָһһӡıǵصĺӿΧ¶˲併˼ʮȡ
¶һ֮Ȼ̾Ϣִֻ֣ң̹â
֮¶櫽ȵȻ֮Ϣɵɫʸǰ㼫ӿĺУֻһ󴺷¸оӿȫǰɫĺѸٵڣΪһ䴺ˮء
ǱߣţִþƲɵ֮һʦýڽڰˣħҶƣֽ֣ɱѽʦСһȻˣŶԷ档
һʣµһʦٳûжվƾͽʦ񾭱˼ޡһʵ˿ˣһ⣬Ǿַ֮УħԣǶΪûأɷħںϽ֮У罫ˮϵħԪ붷֮УǷӵˮϵħԪصأ
һðһ뷨֮㿪ʼжһĬ˶һ߿ʼʶе뵭ɫˮϵħԪ붷֮УˮϵħԪǻų⣬ôҲںϲˡһüʼ˿ǵö滹һľĵ֡
ͻȻ䣬һԼϰԴ߶ֿںħΪʲô䵱ý齫ħԪһأ
һ˷ܵشһһö񾭽Ľʦһ£ʵؿһԾɫĽâһ
һٺһЦɹؽˮϵħԪغͶںϣֻ޽ϵĽâ⾹ɢһɵı֮
үүҵĺһһ޽һӣһ⽣ʦĽϡ
ֻ⽣ʦһҺһʯͷһӿڵϡ˫־һı˪ɸ㶶ͣ
һԼЧֵ⣬ںˮϵħԪصĶҪö࣬һħԡһĿƻǿƣںƻҪǿöħǿ֪ġ
ǽʦͬƵľֵһȻתҪܡ
ܣܵ𣿡һЦǬŲƵڿһƬӰٽ޻ɵص⽣ʦĺϣȻٵ˿
꿦꣬ʦһҰ׵תŴָһϰͻȻ͵ը쭳һѪȪӹ鷢ˣѪ껹ڿУͼ⽣ʦðһɵĺŮɢѪڿУγһ̻ı
е˶ˣĿⲻԼͬشűһףԭɱҲĿһѪȲпСʱǱסѪɫӳһӢӣԵа졣
һҲסˣͻ֮ʾȻЧû뵽ġʰ飬ת˶ɴ˫·Ͳʶһ㡣
ĥߴʲôϿսپһȵ
γѣֿʼţĵȱûоȫһҪսپ̼ӿ˹ٶȡˮϵĴħʦͽʦڿ֮ͬȫ񣬶־١
ӣǽʦͱţþԴ׻Խһأ⾳ɱһĲԶˣ˸ҹ̳
ʦǰĲҽˮϵħʦ񣬶¶櫵ľ֮ش̴ࡣ
ս˹£һߣԶһݵȻ˫⣬ڵʱ¶֮ɫһĵȻƽ
ʱǽصĪŮһǰλǾȾҵķضţβݽỷ֮
һϸϸĪŮӣʶֻԼĪʮͣմҳĨȥЩ۹ĻǸǵˡ
һԺֳ︡˿̵Ӱʼ˿̵ŮӾмƣĪŮ˿ʲôϸ
ɫǣܶ˼Ҹʲô˼ҿɷġĲһֿʼչ⡣
һĵһӣĽʱһֺһһ۱ԹԷſ֡
λ㣬ɣһᾡġ¶ǰĪŮӣֻ۾һ
һߵֻʣһǰֻǴıѾڻǻһȴȫøʯͷһӲ඼˰ɡ
¾ʥҲûãϵħЧȴûʲôô
һ̽̽˵Ѿ΢ؼɲˡΣһҲԥһǰһ˵ǰغ󱳣ȥͨǻľɢȥڵĺͬʱ̼ѨλԼ
أǲ԰׵ϿʼָһѪɫһʱͷ󺹣ˮ˳Ŷͷհյ£ʪ͸մˮ̳һ㡣¶۵һȴ˫һס¶櫵ȥʱһصĹΪˣܲôš
Ǳˣһķ֮ȣΪڲ½ǿʳ磬ʱпܷ⣬һ֮ʱǿϮǾ鷳ˣܶʱֻһ֮һ͵þˣȴΪ˺ķɥ˭һ
ĪķкܴĿܺ˿йһǾȲɡ


79 ˿̵ý


һջһ󻺻ۣ¶櫺̹е߹һһذúˮ
ҷû°ɣؽŵһʵؼˣ˸м
һЦЦ˵ûʲôˣֻҪܳһʱܸԭ
һ૵ֻҪû¾ͺãһʱûϵһȥˣҪȻֻһˡ
ŵôԣһ˲ɶݣǺһķޡĺ¶櫲һ֮ɫҲҲһλ÷ȻȽϻģȴһҲϷǵĺˣçԭ֤һ㡣
Žһߵĺ¶櫣Ц⣬޸ǳĪһ޿Ǿġ
λĴģҵԺҪæɳִﵽĪңֻҪڣؾҲҪشӿռָóһɫӵݸһһ߶֪ȫĻͿԿŮĺˬһӢơ
һӹ飬صŮǼ֮ɫҲˡ
رԼķһһҪߡ
㣬ܷһ¡һæס
𣿡תʵ
һ°µ۹ʥŮ˿̺ʹʲôϵһʵ
˿̣ʶҵáص
ݹϵһʱ˷ʵ֪֪˿
ҡҡͷ˿뿪ĪѾˣҲ֪
һʧӦһ÷ǳãã˺˿̵׶ȥˣ
һı飬һ棬ƺԼЩʲôʵʲôҼ԰ת档
һһ˦еķңЦ˿̣͸һҲһʵԼĳŵ㵽ĺҲҪҳҵ
һɫһβſڵ֪ĪĻϰ𣿡
һЦЦ֪һһ𣿡
صͷһԵĺ¶ʧɫֽץסһĸ첲Ƶġ
ѾλˣһҪȢҲĪô涨ģһȢˡһһһȻһȥ
һһ˽нԶӰ̾ҡҡͷŵһ㣬ķƮȥ
һ·ϣһЩĬϵòϲˣжߵ֯һΪһָֻ̾
¶櫺ĶһۣһǶ֪ԭһһҪˣһǰµ۹̻ʥŮ˿̣Ǹ˵쳣ªĺʥŮ˿̡Ů֪һҲˣǣҶǵ˿̺
;Ϣʱ¶櫺һһҵؿһļϡ
Σ¶ͻȻʵһ˿̽紫˵еô
˵˿ǲ紫˵еôѿ𣿡һЦ
š¶Щ˼Ͼڱ˵˵ȱǺܲõΪ
ƯһƯһЦ
Ǵ˵ˣ¶Ц̵ġ
Ҳ㣬ڱܳ󣬵ȴˡһЩͳ¶׷顣
һԽ˿̵˵𣿡һһӣ²Щᡣ
һͷʼԼ˿̵ĵεΣӺʰ˷½𣬵ԡٵĴɵޣƻ鵽Դ֮ʱȵĸжҹ鵽Ϊ˲Ȼȥıˡ
һǳĽ¶櫺ĵȦʪˣΪ˿̵ĳػж룬˿̶أΪ룬ѹһ
һ㲻õģ˿֪̽һֵģʱͿԺһ̺ˡ¶櫰ο
Ҳõģ˿̶һã㻹ҪáǿĲһͷļѡƽʱֱӺһֵģֻڶʱŻẰһΪ
һижſ˫ֽŮ§뻳УЩĸо
˫ŲԶ§һˣһ䣺⻵СӺεºܣüλŮӶء

رɷ˪ǣһĪظȥ
Ʋ㽥ɢȥâů硣һŽɫİɫۣͷɫӰƮƮػޱ
ȻƮ˲һ̶ס
ý㡣һصĶ̧ͷһԼ˿̴־ԵļлƮ¡
˿̡ؾϲشһ˿̽ϣ̱һš
ý㣬İȥˣ˿ʵ
˿̽ɷȻšǺܵģΪһ˵ҪŻѹ
ôˣ˭ġ˿̵ɢĸĸСýһ˽ģýһҵĸǳ
ر㽫˵һ飬ԭǱӶӿòأʹֶҪǿȴʶƣһ·׷ɱǡ
ӶţĽݷ磬һŹǵġ˿ҧгݵȴ֪ӶźĽݷѱһһ˻çԭϡ
ý㣬˭ǣ˿ʵ
ع˿̣£ϣȴһﲻ
ý㣬ң˭˿Щڵ
һ˵ĺҲҪڳˡЦ
˿̻һ˶סˡ
̾һֽ˿̵Ķ£ֻ˿ɫ԰ףǿյ˫һƬ촽һһϣϸͻᷢŵǡһ


80 Ĳ˳ʺ


ؼ˿ʧǵģʲôˣ˵һȥˣȥ׷Ӧûü
˿ȻվҪȥոտһֶסˣתʵŮ𣿡
صͷʵ˵ŮӺһţˣ˵Ůӡ
ӡ˿̽һʧȥȻ¡׼֪ƱŮΪʱȴ类һֻֽס˺Ѱʹʡ
ý㣬ǻȥɣҺҡã˿̧ˮ˫ʵ
̾һĪŮӰһעǲкýģ˿뻳Уļ簲οãǻؼҡ
ۣһģһ֫İʻԶֱʧ
һ·ȥɽˮһһҲߵ˰µ۹߾ֻҪǹԵﾫɭֵΧˡǸСĹң˿ֻǵĴСȻǰڵġ
ǹڰµ۹ɭɽټ½ʥħѧԺķ̶˿۹׸ﲻȼ˸洦ɼ
һһ˽ǹ²شɫɫ塣ӴˣǾʲôУĻĲһЩìܣǹĴܶŹ¼ʱзøǹܵǹӽͷöⲻǰ洫һɧһֿ֪ˡ
һһ˼Ⱥһսʮǿ׳ʨһѪɫ׵ʿʿĶɫӦһʿûɢżװӦʿġ
ѪɫʿšһʿϿһöϤŻգǿ۹ʿŵı־
һüȻԸϣԼƤȴչǿ۹ˣһֵĹһصĹУҿŻżľӡ
ҵٹһˡһĵۿʿҪ֧ŲסӰһһпնһԲ¡
գ˶ʮʨʿ㶵ؿͻȻսȦеһȻ죬еıͻȻּѺۣȻȲһϳ˼أʮʨһľη
ǿߣһ⾪ž޵һ۷һתߣһЩ˼
û°ɡһתһԼʿЩ֣Ѫɫʿ޶ܵǹʲô
ûû¡ʿͰͻش
û¾ͺãղŴòû۹һЦʿļ磬ż˱ʧڽֵһͷ
ѪɫʿŵʿվǶβ͵ʹһԼԴʧеүүҵøϿȥ߹¡
ǹõһ׼һĮŴķȴǺ޽һƬն޺һϵħ鿴񣬴ʱʺ˫ģƣͬ˫ȻıǱİ޺ǲʳ˼̻
ʱ洫ٵ˳ڸ˶
޺üŴ򿪣Ϊ֪ΧѪɫʿűţǽġ
ŵǱʹȥʿɫ˵㣬ʵ𣿡
ʿһ㶣ŻţɢڵϵĶˡ
û򵽣޺ʵ
ǡʿһæش
Ƕأ޺ʵϵıȻ͡
ʿ㽫ʨ˷ͻ˵һ飬ʱ˳˭۸ҿ۹ˣȥǡ
޺סʵ֮ôˣʮһӻ𣿡
ʿɲʱǺͦñֱŭѪɫʿֻսıûܵı
޺޼Ӳһ㶣Ȼ֪ԼˣǱº͵Բ˵ˡ
˼ŴС㶼ǸˣʿҲˣ˵һȻʮʨ˵Ķ֣˰æǡ
˭ʵ
ǡǡʿ̧޺޺֪˵ǿүǻʲôĺ
֨֨ʲô˵ŭȵ
ʿһ飬վֱү¡
޺޺һǽͣɫ԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫ
˵λү޺޷סҪվȵʵ
Сүʿ¿ҪεӣӲ¹һնˡ
Ů˵һԴһƬհףû뵽طһټˡ޺ǻ쵰ʱԼᱡŭðԼģٴμһҪÿ
ȥҧгݵԶҲƵһҹǳªĶʱǿ̹ĵĳ޾עҪһӣҹҹǧٿ׵顣
²֪֮ͬȥˡʿµı̫ˡ
ʱ޺һЩʵȷƾмսʿʵʲô㣿
¾ԲϴģүõĿôŪأѴﵽ˽ʦľ磬ֻһоͽʮ˵ıˡʿһĿѣԵһﲻ¶˳羴֮ɫ
ʦôܽô죿ߵͬʲôûУ޺üʵʵڲǸô̵ʱﵽʦĳ̶ȣ˵ʮ˾ʱҲֻǽʿĳ̶ȡ
ʿ߸ŮһУŮ˶ɴеţˣʵǿ
һһ߸Ůˣ޺޺һ䣺Ĳ˳ʺ


81 ǵĻ


¶櫶ǹǷǳϤˣΪɭﲻԶÿγͻȥҪ˵ΣεǹĴСǹȻǺܴ󣬵Ҫ겻ʱ仹治С
ΪҪҵԵʣ¶Եر˷ܣһ·ߴߴ˵ͣһҲȾ˷ܣһ·ϵҲ°Ȼ
ܿ죬һʱգ۾͹ѱû谵һǹסһǰɭ֣˵ɾһĵطǷǳﻹƯľء
ͽһҺõס£˳һѵĲˡһ죬˶Ѽˡ
ôû¶ŶӴе
֪ˣֵʱ㲻ǻ𣿡һһ¶櫵СȡЦ
ʱûоڶÿһͷţˡ¶櫿
ﲻһͷֳɵţ԰ˣġһָţЦ
ϴ󣬲ҪɣţڻûɼңȰɼٳвţһſһͼŮȤˣľɵҲѧ˿Ц
Ȼţһ¶櫿ֱЦ˫Ҳݸس˳ǣӦҲ΢Цɡ
ʱ洫ƹòĽл
ſʮλŶ˽ÿ϶̾ĲȡһȴһĺӰüͷѪɫʿŵ˸Ǹһתͷһо˫ʵĿ⣬Ҳ˸١
һɫǲѪɫʿŵϳԸϾҲżľӡ
㷹˶ȥԼķ䡣Ĭ¶Ůÿһһ죬һŵĴͬߵδûгֹ֮޿κΡ
νů˼һɳϣζĹƣ۾ȴԡҵķңԡء
ǻˮһԺﲻػǾ壬ֱСһҲò̫¾Ʊŵ˹ȥͻȻԡҵһ϶͸϶ɼԡͰǹ覵ķ۱ǡ
һƿ˽ȥӺ汧ס˭֪һһƬˮһϽһȻˮԼʪ͸
֪ҪʹλòѵķֵĽЦͦαʱӿ޵ķۺӣҸǻεһѪڡ
һ³ȥԼ·ԡͰȵ壬˿ĴһٺٹЦֻ׽סĻܵĽѵ̡
ϼ鶯תѰһĴ죬Ĵճϣߺڰ׷һ
һߣ˫ҲԡͰϴԼǾ׵壬ˮ֣ȳջ󻹸Ѫ˿˼ԡͼĻ˵ҪѪܱҶˣɰ˶ɲܵġ
ʱ˫ĽͻȻһһĸоֱ¸Ҳƺ޵
ɫǣʹˡ˫ҧгݵȽţǿҵĸо޷ֹ
˫ĿմϢţȫ¸оһ˫ڲͣظοһ㣬ŭһ˵ˣһŮ˵أ
һǻȵļͦĵĻʱ˫ͬܵȫһһԽԽҶܲ˵ľ
˫ҧݣ糱İд·ص뽫Լʶ˯ɾڴʱһҵʹͷʶɢź¡¡Ķ˫۵亹ֱðֻԼʶͬһֻͻȻ֮䱻ǧƣħһһй¶
ʹԽԽң˫Ľһɪɪַ׵ؽץŴ
һ쵰ʹУ˫૵ۺĵһˣܲԸϣ֪Լһֱܵ
ʱһڴʶ籡û˹ͷһ̱һĻĳ鴤š
֪ΪΣһͻȻһƺ˫ʹĺ
һ֪ʧ֮ǽ˫ˮ﻽ʱ֮һֱһӦ
һıɺãش·嵽˫ķǰһʹ߽һ˲ô࣬һ𿪷ң˫һţҲͣزš
˫ôˣһȥ˫ֻ촽԰׵ûһ˿Ѫɫ亹ʪǱһ˯ڽ߱¶ļٵһû˼ȥ͡
˫һ۾߽૵ͷʹ䡣
һæ˫𣬽˰˫ʹһ۵ֱ죬ųʶ뿴ΪʲôͷȻɾոս룬һͷ˫ʶһа㣬ʧɫջؾľȽǿпҪɰ׳ˡ
Ҳİ취һֻܾ˫ڴϣԴԴϵů
˫˫ĿüʹؽţﲻʱЩʲôһż־ƺ˵֣ҿ϶Ǻеκһˡ
ѵļҪָˣһ
ʱһ˫ĿⱩӦ˴һǿħƾֱԷƺ⡣
һ˫⸱ģｹھҲ꣬һһӡ򴰻ֻһĴž˳ȥ
ֻһɫĽâϷŵȥһŭ߲Ƶħʦúýѵһ
һŴƮӰȻһ¶ŵɫ


82 ֮ն


һŴƮӰȻһ¶ŵɫ
΢죬Ůķ˿ŮòƷˣŮϵɱأԵʹ
һɲʱˣһ߲Ƶţҡ
һѵ³֣ŮһļǺţһĸأһҲ֪λ
Ưڴ⣬ޱһԼɪɪľŮʣ˫𾪣ʱ˿ΣȻһ˫ʲôɵֶΡ
ţ³ȴ׶Ĵ̹ǵĺ⡣
һع˫ǿյȴʧȥӦеɫʣÿն䣬һʯͷһ㣬ѹֶƣ⸱ģŲжΡ
ɱҵģһͷؽ˫ճڶͷϵ㷢£һߡ
һеħȾȵϢӭ
ʱţ¶ĳ˽㶡
һ˫ôˣ¶ע⵽һе˫Ծʵ۾ȴȻ̾ϢԾȻϣʸֱָ
ͻȻ֮ͷѣ䣬Ҽ鲻Ϊʲôԭ򡣡һ̾һ
˭ָŴʵŮϵǿɱֱָһܲġ
һӵ۹С
ĺ¶櫶һۣǵķԽԽˣҲ֪ôֺ͹Թˡ˵һԣ߹Ĺɱ˵Ŀ⣬˵һԲˣָǹɵزʡ
ڿŮòҲκˣѪɫʿŵı˵ŮԴɴʱΪĿ϶ǲĵŮӣҪΪǮƲŸġڲ֪Լ뷨ǶôĴλŮÿòԺϵҲһŮӵеġ
һ֮ǣΪĹ϶һʲô취ƭǡ
ʱţͻȻɵɵʵϴλСҲŮ𣿡
һһ㶣ѹֵΪţһ仰ЦҵŮˡ
˭ŮˣʵغҲܹƽȵľľһҹʹûƽȹʼؾۼħϵħԪɢ¶ҪȼҵŮˣԶǡԺﲻͣػһǿ˵ԵĻ
һЩЪ˹֪пһħõˡ˫ת˵ǾҺ飬Ժһǵġ
¶˵ͷһٳɣӰһӴ˳ȥȻβȥ
ţͷط˯ȥˣֻ¶櫺ɫɳϡ
Ǹ˵һأĽ㣬˵һǲռ˼ҵı˰¶櫿ʵȻƤЦؿڻʱҲռСʲôģǿӦûжξɡ
ɡĵ˵Ҫ¶櫳öܸ࣬оߺͺ⣬ֻΪռ˵С˿˵ô򵥣ûȥ
һ˫ƮݵؼУŲԶľ롣֮Բ˫õ¶ŮչˣΪûѹƣ˫֪ʹʲôӡ
û̵Ľ⣬һͣɵҲһƬ֣ںҹ￴͵ֵĵطơ
ȻҲע⵽һ㣬ɫһ󷢰׵ڰжסֽŲ΢΢
㲻ҪɱôˣһЦһɵı飬ڷſˣŮһζ䣬ȻҪǾɣɱԼ
һ飬һҧǿ֮ǵȻң⣬һӵұ֮ĳ޻ʹеƽأ
Ҫɱ㣬һ
һ˿Լе˫ҡͷҲܷҲһ㣬ɱҡ
ʼΰĻ񰡣ΪĿٻһе谭
һվԶ䣬ҪɱĻʵһ練ƣȻͦģһȴаʩųħ֮ǰס
ŨĻϵħԪһųһϮǾżħʮ־޴ǳȵĸ嶼ڻ
һϮĻüʲôʱħʿˡһԶԶ˿ȴû˶ʧָת׷˹һҲܣһֱ˫һִӿռָóһѾ޽Żӭϣɺӽɢ
֮նһһɢű˪ľ޽һڿлһԲһȦһȦγһУ޴ĻˣǶûʣһ㡣һлնںЩоԶ֮Ϳʼںˡ
ŴӿƮµһһ𾪣ʵħʿľ磬ֻϴһ񼶵ĻϵʵһΣҿħӳ־ãһֻһΣʩħһ׾ٵػˡ
˵ɱҵģ硭һЦɻû˵꣬Ϣðһżͻ̣һǻ곯
һӰڿӰǵصǻ꣬ǻ˫ϵħʦĵ
һҲٸȥǬŲ˵ޣƾճȻźľ޽Ĳϡ


83 ʯ


һҲٸȥǬŲ˵ޣƾճȻźľ޽Ĳϡ
ˡһͳЦƾѩ׷ĲһС
һ뵽Լϣ־壬û̵Ľ⣬᲻Լ뵽һûлȥˡ
ʲôǿѹƿֻŵʵ
ºڷߣǹйŮ˵ʲôأһٺٻЦźúŻŻԣ׵ؾ͸̵ĵط
һ¾ûѪɫ԰׵ļ͸۾Ȼ֮ɫһĽ滺ת
ĺҪ𣿡ֱ㶵ضһ۾ľɶն
һͻȻôˣֻñܿ£ֱë
Ǿ͸ɡҲһʲô飬һ´ƮȻɢ¶浭ɫ˿£׳ͦεҪ¶ӣҰСͻɼ
ɷϣһõ봺סˣһɲǵʧȻȥ
ǵģһȥл߽˫ճһֻû֣ȴ׽סɢǿħ֡
ҪеĽл
ЩϤһȴˣ׽סһһźɫĵĶţһ˫һλڻУתɢ塣һӣȻЦˣЦúܶˣһֽѵ΢Цá
¡¡䣬ضɽҡǺɫĵΪķԲڱһƬɫ֮С
޺޴ŲԶǿұըϢػ૵ôôɵ
޺һֱ֪ôһŷӡʮһϵĵ裬ǻϵħʦ˹͸۹ʵսȻӡħʩŵҪһǱϾǽ䰡ʵ˽ľʩֻʯٵ³
ɫ˽ɢȥⷽԲֻòҲ̶ݣСֱ˴벻˵ըĵĵȫ˼ߣ֦ϸһأǻ쵰ѲӰʬǶûʣ¡
޺޲ӱĺѣ۹Ĺ¾һּ˵ķ˳ҲԼ绨һ
ſţ޺ͻȻһ̧ͷһطһƬǼĵ涯ͻȻһĽһ֣һ˼Ů˴ӵ˳ϸһ㵭ɫˮϵ硣
һ˦˦ͷпЦѣĸ̫ǿˣȻѡʯٵķղǿֲıըһͷƤ飬亹Ǿǽʵ̫ˡ̫СɽˣħʦǶĴڣʤΨһķʩųħǰסǣҪȻֻ·һ϶ղӡŽĵ裬ǻƨҲסɡ
ʱΧǵĵɫʧˣһĿ⿴˫ؿڵһʵɫʯķ˵ΣʱԶʩųһΪˮĻ컪ĳ磬ҪȻղһҪˡ
һһһ޺ޣȻôĳôĸɾʱŴ͵ģȴ˵һŮӦеıƽһʥȻ˸еͦģȴһңɼĸоȻǰȴԶߡ
СãþòˣɺãһеЦʣһ߽εڵϣ˫ȴȻýġ
޺죬һûлش𣬵ͷæȥϵˮ쵰翴ʱЩ졣
޺޶䵭ӣһԳЦЦΪƤңҲΪǰ¿࣬żȷʵһֵĸ飬ʮֹı˵ҲʱҲ˶Ҳһ˿еĸо
ѡ޺޽ػ֡
ãĽë˲תѹЩɢңһ޺޺һ˵޺ޣôҲˣ
ǣڵһͻأĲ죬ٺЦš
һһĵȷһĸоĽ࿪ʼۼһ̧ͷһϵЦ߯а
ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲô䶼ɱ㣬ǸħЪ˹ĺĴɢޣúް
һĿ޺ϵЦˡʣԼôɺһŮ޵ֵز޵ĲԼǸѻҷǾˣһȻܡ
ˣǣϣҡһȻ仰˫תȥ
޺޻ͷһıӰͻȻıӰܹµįһֺˡ
ι޺޹ʹؿڻ
һһ˫תһ쳣õЦݣЦô𣿡
޺ޱһЦݻεð۾ĺòãЩ֣Լ쵰ʲôʱЦôÿˡ
λ𣿿ɲҿ޺޿ڵ֪ԼΪʲôҪô
һ޺һ߼룬˵ͷתȥʱſն۾ա
޺˫ϼһɫԽԽأǲǾͷѣ䣬˵ź
һ޺˵˫֢״һϲæͷ֪Сûа취ҽΣ
޺˫ǲƷݣźҡҡͷϿƵĲܿϧβˣĲӦǱֵĹѹס˰ɣĻڡ


84 ҪȢ


޺޵Ļһ类׺䶥ԴһƬհס
ôܣ˫ԴˮһֱúõģʵǿôͻȻ֮ҪȥأԲܵģһʧҡͷԲ޺޻Ľۡ
λ֢״ѾˣȾʱӦóʮꡣ޺޼
ʮꣿһ૵ظͻȻ뵽һܣΪʲô˫ˮ˯أѵΪ޷ҽεĹֲԵʱʧ֮ǵĳطˮ˯ԶŵʱܡʱĳΪǧֲˣȴ벻˫ѵһȵʱʧ֮ǻҪĹȡ
Сã֪ңȻֲ֪ܲ취Ⱦһع޺޵˫ȻŮˣ֮ϵȴ˵Ĺϵʮ΢
޺޾һܸеĺǰ̫һˣǰͲܱ˵Ҳûж˭ôԵҲͬˡȴŮǰǴĩй顣
޺ȻҡҡͷΪѷ׵ջֵĹѹƣҲŲˡ
ѵû취𣿡һĵؿ˫ôȥ
޺޲ʹų˼ͻȻʲôƵ
¿԰㡣޺תͷһ
һһ޲ýԼңҪæ±ȵ컹Ѱɡ
һһ࣬޺޶˵һȡԱԭ꺮ǣѹסλϵĲ¡
һһ𣬶һͶһϣµʱ˵ͿҵƵİ취ˡ
СãȥһôıһãȻҲöһĺöɲ٣ϻĻȻõġ
޺޵ͷĶ˵ʲôأпʼָɣɫҲָȻĮͿնȴղһûƵġ
һվͻȻϵļ⼫ΪȻز˲һתƲط
·޺Ằ
ͷһɴʧɫͷųǵӡŵĽʱΪסһעƸ֮¾ͽ⿪ԼѣղǱը˽ǵ׵˿Ҳңʱһվ¶˴Ƭѩ׵ظ
æת·ãĮϲɳһĨΪԳƵĺΡٴתʱһķȥֻµԶ
һҧڳǰ޺޸ոԼ˵ĻһЩĿðĺ⡣
Ҫҵıʵһ̧֣һɫɢ͹εõںǽ覵ϡ
һϵĿ˸һ£мö㽻
ҡͷɢźֱֱһʲôҪԸ㣬ǰ
һɫĩ䣬ϵ϶˵Цһ
ͻɡָһе˫
Ҳһ۾ΣյͻȻ弫һɲʱǰһֻѳϵֵôҲʲ
ʱһľܽÿŵǺܺŵϢѹסЩ˽ķģ̵Ըȡġ
ֿ֪ܲأһٺֱЦвٴϧһƬ䣬˭ΪǾ˵ͻġ
ô㲻ܱ𣿡޺޴
ɣܻһǱһЩкβɣһЦ
޺һʱҲ޷˵ѵͷԱסŮӵɣʣмܹ
ɡ޺޶
ҪҧһڸԹصһ
ҪңȻһΪ㰮ˡһЦǺǵؽӹ˫ϣֻ͵ĹâһȻûڲˡ
һһ޺޵
һʼ磬ĵ㣬ҵžǡ
˵꣬һ˫ȥ޺ߵʱһЦСãлл㡣
޺һܸܵһϣĸл
˼һͻȻͣתó˵Ŀ⿴Ƿһ飬ҿԴӦһֻҪ̫ҶӦ㡣
һĻһ쵰ôãʵʲôӦң
ֻҪҪҵǽ¹ͷ顣һЦ
һãſڵŮҲŮ𣿡
һЩ֣֪ΪʲôͻȻ˵˫Ůˣ÷ѿ࣬ͷ
ЦˣЦúܹ죬㲻˵ԴӦһڿ𣿡
˵һͷͻȻЩ飬ܾòʲô¡
ҪȢҡЦ
һ޺޽Եɴ۾ûɡ
˵һ飬ոûһ㶵ȻЩ̫ѡ
ҪȢҡһһÿֶǧʯһֱѪôҲ벻ͨոջ֮ǵôôһҪȻҪһ˵ݣףȻǸģǶԷһÿʱÿ̶ŮˣͲˡ
ııһȴЦѵİˣ
ôһĻǾ͵Ұˣ㵽ǴӦǲӦޱ
ȻˣʲôɲӦأϣ㲻Ҫڲźáһ
ҪڵŶԣ취˵ĲʥħѧԺ㣬ϣºܹ㡣˵꣬޺ƮȻȥ
Ů˵ʲôһ˼⣬˫ĲʱѹסˣҪ취Ĳˣ£µʱ䡣


85 ɭ


ĳȾߵƲʣӳŵĴɽԵù׳ۡ
صõ꣬ĺ¶ӭеһ
Ҫģû¡һЦüĿȴڲزסƣģġ
һ˫Ĵϣʱȴһ˫ֲ֪ںʱץס°ڡһؽ˫Сְ⿪ΪǺñӡ
Ҹʲôϳ𣿡һһͷ㷢ĺ¶
һ˫ᡣ¶ƯĴ۾Щ
һٺһЦԭǳԴˣһ§¶һ§ĳң߱ߵѵҶǲ𣿻ϣңţٴ³һ㣿
һ۾аգգŮʱӦָķ棬һʱ使ڶһŮ˳㿫ͣ齥ƽ
ɳϣĺ¶һһҵؿļϣоǳܰǿҲ벻ˡ
һ˫ôˣʵȴֵڲᣬҿ϶һ֮йһʲôŮǲģΪţһһ׿ڸԼġ
һ̾һɫúأŮеЩѹ֡
˫һֵĲֻµʱˡһص
ʲôŮеһ·˫ӻçԭɱ¾߹Ѻͬˡ
ģ˫ôôᡭ¶˵ˣոյǵ㼵پͲɣʣµֻǹ뱯ˡ
ô찡ʲô취κĲ𣿡ļеʵ侲Ҳ˷硣
֪鲻򣬵һ뵽취Ĳ𣿡һᶨҲ˫
¶صص˵ͷͻȻһһȥɭ֣׺ͼλ˵а취ҽ˫Ĳ
һһĴȵǰôˣǾԨԴ˵а취˫
ʱ֣˫˹һֳͷ߳ʱһڳз
ô˯ôð˫üԼ̫Ѩɳϣͷƺװ˼ʯͷƵģһξ죬жˡ
˫㣬û°ɡ¶ǰʵ
û£ֻͷе㲻Ҳ֪ôˣ˫һ޾ɵӣ˵Ҳ
˫㻹ǵʲô𣿡ʵ
˫ű۾ڼʲô
ͻȻ͵رסͷʹҸʲôأΪʲô벻ˣ
һæɱȥ˫֣ȻԼĦ°̫Ѩ
˫ֻһ̵һӿԴԴʹʱ࣬һֺĸо۾ԾǰȥͷһĶϣضԸٶˡ
磬һһ˱˷ʼǰɭ֡˶Ĭûж˫飬ҲûиֵĲȻǵˣֺα֪أͽնѡ
ʱ˫ɫѻָһλ֢ŮǵĮʺ͸߹òȻ·һжûб
˷ǹĴɽţһԶֱĵӰӱǺɽˣû֪жߣΪûܹɽԦӥҲɲȥѶɵɽںɽɽ¡
һ·ϣ¶˽žɭֵͺĵطһѡ
ɽǰıһƬһ޼ʵɭ֣Ŀ£ݶһЩˮɾһ㡣
ɭֹȻ鴫̫Ưˡһ̾ɭ޹ֺеӢŮƯˡ
ҵļˣǽȥɡ¶غµĿ۷˷֮ɫɭȥ
ɸոߵɭֵıԵৼ֦ʸڼ˵Ľ£Ȼ߳һʮ˵ľ黤ӣԴŵɫľװȫһɫŮ顣


86 Ϯ


ɸոߵɭֵıԵৼ֦ʸڼ˵Ľ£Ȼ߳һʮ˵ľ黤ӣԴŵɫľװȫһɫŮ顣
һ¶ۼɨһ飬ȻǳƯپ£磬Ͷڶʮ£ǻһ͡¶ŮǲһЩϾϿɿƾɫһľܱġ
һЩ֣ĻôһɫŮѵ˵ʢ˥Ǿ˲Ǹӵұһ򼸸
һĺ˼䣬¶櫾ʹϲõӯر˹ȥ˷ܵݿһˡ
¶櫹һƯľ龪һ˳¶櫱һţ˷ֽܵУûĺһ㡣
ôôãŮ¶켱ˡǽݿľŮǵ
ⲻǻ֪γȥ˺öö飬ɴ̼ˣҵȻٽҽܼѸʶ¶ͷ˵ݿһ
ҵĺýݿݿ潻ĺһţģ˫¶ָһһһ
ֻǺ𣿡һЦ
оݿֵĿ⣬¶櫲һ죬һһۣһһ߱סֱۣһҵķǲǺ˧
㡭ݿŴ죬һŵı飬һѽ¶һߣǾǲܺͨģó֪˿ɲˡ
ݿҹܲôˣҰûһģˣһͬġ¶櫿
ݿ𾪵¶櫣ΪԸĹǳˣ¾ɭֿеˡ
ˣݿȴҵǽȥɣñ˾õȶ಻ð¶櫻ݿֱۡ
ǹɭǲ˽ġݿΪѵ
ʲô˰ҵҲͷǽȥɣȻˡ¶ݿ
еģʥϾҪˣʱ򡭡ɣȥ֪ͨŮ£ֻܷͬаݿɲ˽ԷЩ˽ȥ˵Щ˿𶼲֪֪治֪İ¶櫹ô˵Ǳƭˣ뵽ݿһĿ㲻ôѺˡ
¶櫼ݿ̬ȼεص˵ͷ
¶ߵһһԲ𰡡
ɵѾͷǾĹأôܹأһЦ¶櫵Դ
˲ãоʹһǿһ˫Ķһۣüëһڳˣ˾ŮЩϼһҲ˰ɡ
ǰݼһĸ𣿡һֱֹ
̵Ĺâһһ˵ĲԶ˰˸ˡһȥﲻɷ޵ĹʣվǰһλԼʮӺٻ󣬷绪Ů飬ֻǣüԶɽ죬ѩľװճħSߣǳķϾ⼸λŮʱƻɱȣһ͸ˮҰһѵͷ̫Ǿĳϰɡ
ס¶櫽һ˹ȥ
һعֱ̾Ů˾ȻǾŮȻᣬҳõߵҪദ˲֪᲻᷸󰡣һﲻغ˼롣
Ů¶ؽ̸ţֻ¶櫺ͣصͷһ
ŮóϵĿһˣ󶨸һϡȻƯ۾ðһ⣬ǵһѹϵݶѹ˵ϡ
һᳶһĪЦݣתȫ˿õ뾫Ůš
Ůз֮ɫƸʢһߵţ˫ȴƷĩɴ˿ɿ˵ʵࡣ
ŮͱˣһҲٿϻûܹ⽫ԼԲ⣬һüʶľ۳žŮϮȥ
һľжǿ󣬿ԼҲǺ񹥻˵ü꣬ҲȫֻŮϲһף֧һ΢ɲС벽ߴĳ̲˲Ծһͷѹһ
λǿߵĿǰһܶԿģֻ嫵ﵽ˺ѹԼ壬ֻһʹޱȣ类ʯѹؿѡа壬ͱһˡ
˸һ治Ҫ˫׼Ԯ֡
ҪӽӦʱŮĶߴһ
ʵһҪŮæǾŮߴϵľѹγһֵľУһ»ἴ̱÷飬⵹˫ʱʶеľвࡣ
һеһҶۣĺʱбûΣա
¶භ˫߶׵ˣô죿һʹı飬ĶҪˣȴʲôҲˣΪභǲܵκŵġ
һŬƽ˳ԼϢ˿ŭ죬û뵽ڼΪľɱ֡ҧͻȻ¶һЦݣ˲룬γһ˫״ץŮǰͦεظࡣ
вλϮŮһУϵľгѷ죬һôȫһֻŮߴɫЩ԰ס


87 Ȼ̾Ϣ


һžŮٺֱЦƳͻȻ˵һһѪѪ˿ȻЦǣһ˵а졣
һľһæǰסһĿֱŮߴϣͷϵĺӡˮư㲨šԲ˺İˣֱɱҪܡ
¶櫼һѪǹ£ͷ˿Ů޺һųһȥ
һԲ𣬶Ҳá¶
ԣޣû¡һҡҡͷοһְ׽סĵʾҪڰħĿǰ˵עǼùģȫΪУȴν
һȥǵѪЦЦžŮͻȻ۾̾治ָá
ͻأһ仰˶ЩĪȻɫһһ׵ľŮֻɱ˵۹һҪ̻ˡݺεȸ߹Դɷ¶櫳ʱһֱ񣬽ȴ뱻һ޳ܵشˣеظʵıⲢҪһɱֻ֣̽һĵף˳ССѵһ£ȴľ֮ǿߴϼӽҲնܡ
û뵽ǾĴ֮ӭĻ߾ˣαءһղҪǻ˿¾Ҫ̱ˣܲ
ߡһһ֣˱Ҫߡ
ֻߴ㽫һһΧסˡ
һ۾Σյͫâ״ͨŭѿ쵽˼ޡ
ס¶ӯӯžŮ
Ůһ̾ϢŮ򣬸첲⾡գǸСӵŮˣѲҪŮԼһӡ
һ𣿸ղҲԣƭŮ㣬ǽȥɣ˵Ǿ岻֮Ůһ
ллףá¶ΪЦ˵ŮĻС
һһЦû뵽Ůʱһ飬ΪԼŮﲻƽɡ
ǣھŮĴ£һһ̤˴˵ɾһľɭ֡ȥ֮һŷִ˵ûʵ̫Ưˣ滨ݱȱȽǣϪˮѲĶҲǳ˳ɰȻһ㶼ˣڴҵĽ´ܣʱƤҧססš
һǾɭƯɡ¶櫴ӾŮ˻еסһĴ֡
ţĸɾһ㣬ֻһƣ϶ȼٵǲڶѡ񡣡һЦ
¶ǳסͲ𣿡
ǲãֻǳֻĥ˵ľ˵⵹Ҳ㲻ʲô˵Ŀ겻һѣȿȡһЦͻȻβʹ
һǲ˾ĵĵϴʧ֮ǵĺڰռһ˵һκסȫµʾ
ţǺأϢһ¾ͺˡһͷʾ⼸˲Ҫġ
ھɭ˲ã㿴һƬʮֿտĲݵأ潨͹ӾµľݣԱ߾ȻһСľСЦˣľ߽˻Ƶġ
Ůߴϻеľ鶼һһ⼸࣬󲿷ֵľһھɭȹģûе磬Ҳûм塣
Ůһһ˴ĹνǼ۵ľݣװε÷ǳܰʣʻȻ׽Ȼ塣
Ů¶櫣Ȼ˽һһаŵһСԺ䡣һϢ¶˸ǱȥˡȴǱŮ˸ţԼŮϲģﲻɺ޵
¶櫣ԭԭЩľ˵һ顣ŮŮ
¶櫿ھŮļϣûһļ
˵ʲô¶˵ĺŮû˵ʲôˣ֪᲻¶ɫ
ûʲôˣף㲻֪ľ˵߳ɭ֡¶૵ؽʱ飬ʱôһһĵţѾ谵
ʱ¶櫿ʼڹôһʶôȥçԭðգһô¶ƹѪɫ溣Ϊ˾׹ռѷ죬ֽһΪ˾ĶһˤȥİΧ̽գôˮ̶·˳˯ǧ˯˫Ĳ
һ¶櫾ͣˣüɫرȻţմǱ鶯˾һδεǿһǣ㽫е޵
ŮɫؽŮɸͬܣжһĿҲı࣬ŮĽصͨˣıʧΪŮ䣬ֻߴϷǳ̣ǲͬͨ顣
ף㿴¶ױƵһΣȻ̾ϢС
ŴȻ̾ϢǾ˫ɢǿȻϢŮɫ䣬ʵ⹭Ūģ
һʧ֮ǵҵģ͸ˡ¶櫽Ц
ѹǲǽдȻ̾ϢŮʡ
š¶櫵ͷħһˣֻ񹭴Ź⻪һִӹڸɷĴΪȻ̾Ϣ
Ȼ̾ϢԴӶǧǰڴ½һսжʧһλصǾСŮ񹭣
ףѹԭǾô֪¶ʵ
кܶ㶼֪ԺŮ֪ˡŮЦת¶櫵ѹλ϶ǳСӵĻӦò˵ʲôˡ
ףϳСӳС˵ѽŮء¶۵Ц
һŮ֣ŮɫɱЩŹ֣ҪΪŮļһﾹȻظͲŭѵܾһֵֹֹĸо̻ͷ


88 ռ


ҹɫһӳڲ۵ĺϣĹâ
һΧƣ洫ϷˮЦߣ¶ݿŽںˮ¶ѩ׵飬̺ˮԼɼ
˵ղ˵ǱΧˣôˣݿ²׷ʡ
Ҷ֧ŲסˣսʿѪվûˣʱΪˣͻȻ޹⣬һƾճڿУֻһŭһȦȦɢЩɲǼ䵹һƬһƬǵþˡ¶ֽŲãüɫ裬ֱһˡ
ݿС죬۾ֱðǣ૵ô𣿿ﻹᷢ⣿
Ȼҵ¶ԺؽЦУһΨһ
Ǻأôˣݿеʵ
첻˵ˣٽ˵һڷüˡ¶̾һһ¾ͱõ䡣
ŶܲˡݿȡЦ
ѾܾˣпܣһҲԸ뿪ûߣǿġ¶櫺ݵķģݿ֮ǲܵġ
ҸݿЦΪ¶櫸еˡ
ݿԺҲһҸģﲻкܶ׷ûп˭¶Цʡ
ݿҡҡͷǶܺãû˵٣紥ĸо
ҪԺġ¶Ц
ţʱһһһõġݿЦһȥ˾ôˮϣǱͦظˮ棬ɷˡ
̫ˣϿҲҲһõˡ¶˵ųݿ˹ȥ
ǿɲһƣݿ˵ͻȻһ˫ֱֵ¶櫡
ݿظ˺öŶ¶櫻ЦŶݿ
ݿһ죬б¶ǹĹĵ飬һаĲųأҼǵߵʱǻȹʱıСڶҴһȦˣǲĶȽ˰
¶һЦݿĶ˵ʲô
Ѿͷֻ˵óݿǿҪѪĳƺҲѾͷ
ģҿûƭ㣬һ˵ģҪҪ԰Ұ㡣¶櫴Цųݿ˹ȥ
Ůˮֳһţ˶ԶԷϣǳȻ޷ǳֻϧһĻֻϵܹ͵
ֹˣŮˮϡ
һظǶ˰ãݿ̲סʵ
ʲô˵ģҸһǸˣ˶ˣظʲôұһء¶ﵴһƬ⣬ȻĳЩٶ˵ƬΡ
ݿ¶ĿѵŮ֮ôô
˵˵ʲôо˵һλ۵ģǲǰݿײײ¶ʵ
ţտʼʱһۣͲˡ¶櫴ݿĶ˵ţԽԽᣬš

һת߲ħԪؽջڣ˫ڵһڶɢûܹ
³һһһԾࡣչ˫ŤŤȫĹͷٰ졣
ˬҪͻƵڶˡһ૵ƺÿξԭᾫһЩ
оճܣһȥϴ裬סķﲢûԡҡʱһͻȻһСôӦû˰ɣȥϴˡ
һŵһ㣬˿УԾһѵ˺ϿգϢһգԼʧصس׹ȥ
һһһڵ˺ףһ·ѳĩ
ĺˮ˵Ļ¶ݿˮһǰǿһ϶ȥ˭ôˮ
һ¶Ȼ̫һͷںڵͷ˵ݣھɭֻһ˵ͷǺɫġ
ǿ촩·ȥɡݿ
ʲôǽһϴ¶׽
ϴԧԡɣҿɲˡݿһ
ԧԡ¶ԴƺǸ顣
Ǻǣٺúð㰴Ħһظ˵øءݿ¶⶯ȡЦųظһѡ
¶櫴˿ЩͻȻظϮɰһ˳
˭һεˬͻȻﴫһУԵˮһӡ˹ȥֻһ֯ɵĸķѡ
һؽˮ¶櫺ݿסˡ
㻹תͷȥݿЩ
һŷӦ̽תȥ亹
ֻһϤϤ´µȻһŲԶȥ
ˣһתˡ¶櫻
һҳϴ£ϰӿռָóһ·ϣһת¶ϲ
ҲǹģһΪ͵ϴأҲ֪һ͵һٺٸЦ
ʵ˵ղſʲô¶ʵ
ʲôûԹ塣һַģʵҲȷʵûп٣ֻôһ㣬ֻһ㡣
ҲŲأô½ݿҪ˯žˡ¶櫰һһۡ
һ۾գҲգض¶櫣ոԡ¹Եʮˣʪͷ䣬Ƥ۷ۣ۾½ƺ̫ЩԿһ־鹵
˼ң¶櫵һ죬ϲʵ
ΪڹҰ㡣һһĻش¶櫵һͨȭ
һһ㱧
ʲô¶
顣һааЦһѽ¶櫺ᱧʧ˵ҹɫ֮С


89 ԭ֮


ɭĿô£ر峿ʱ֣ǻŵŻݵķҷ˳ŷӴƮʱ˶Ҫˡ
¶櫸ſڴϣֳ°˯һǲŨڽüǷ촽΢΢ƺεʲôĵ顣
һ˯Цôᡣ¶ָһ촽ĦţֱָıŨüĶͷһһ飬ҪԼ̵ø±ӣ±Ҳˡ
С飬ȻҺĽѾ˺ܾˡһͻȻ۾ЦЦ¶櫡
¶櫰һĨΣæ鲨˻εһһĿѣҴææ·ϣһתһɫеĳһϲȴɫǡ˵ű˷ţվ⡣
Ľ㣬ôŰ¶ȵǰסĵ֡
ЩĪҸոյſڰͰŴˡ
¶תһһۣ֪Ͳ
λˣΪ¡һٺЦŵӴӴ£ǴֳСֵһ졣
Ůߺطһ£Ȼⲻ˱ʵצˡ
ˣ˫أһʵ
˫һֱоĲأҲ֪ôˣǹȥɡ¶櫻شΪһ·ϵƽ
һͷµʱʵڲ㳤ϣŮܹҵҽ˫İ취
ŮסԺӣߴϽڣ˫һߣɡ
һŮɫһɲǵĲȻܿƽ
ף˫㻼ʲôκ𣿡¶Ů߹еʵ
Ů̾һҺߴϵжϣ˫Ĳǲһа䣬Һ꺮ѹƣҪȻ
Ů£ߴܷ䣬˫ĴǣвǲҲǡһе
˫ž޲һ˵仰ǲĺݺݲһ£ԸоһĻԷθ
һϲԼô˫ﲻɻҵ
Ů͵ǰ꣬¶櫵۹ⲻ˱ȻЩḡȷʵǸӡ
һҲҪ˵ʲôˣǾӦõģ쾫вǴҲӲŮЦָ
һžŮ
һǾȻ̾Ϣߴͬ¶櫵Ļ£ԺǾɭֵһԱˡŮЦ
¶һϲϽš
˫ϵа䣬ڵõڵѪҺôҺߴϾаս䣬ҪȻҲˡŮ̾
ϣԭϵSSħϣһ
Ϲ˼ˮϵħߣڱԭϼ޵еĴڣطSSSħڱԭҲùŮЩźɲһܹɱȡѪҺ
һһ⻰Ķʱ˰أΪԼSSĿޣټʮ˾߳ãôҲ߰˷ʤɡһ˵SSSħҲ򲻹ڱԭϵϣûˣΪ֪SSSħSSħ֮ʵ࣬Ȼֻһǿص
ǣһô׾ͷǣΪһֱţûɵ£漣ÿһӶпܷؼܲץס
ԭλڲ½ĵطɭȴǴ½ߣ˳źɽ򱱣һƵҪܵ͵£ôֻһµʱѰҵϲȡѪҺ
һȻŮһ񣬵лŮ£ʱʣ࣬ͳǰԭ
ҪȥԭĽʵǿħޣ¶ȼ͡
Ůĩ˵꣬һʹϵҲʲôΣգֻҪһϣҶ
Ů˵ͷȻ֣Ҳ㣬˫ߣΪϵѪҺʱòЧ
ףҲҪȥ¶櫼
УǾʥϾҪˣΪĹ¡ߴһλ̫ŷԵλҲ׷ױʾԡ
¶櫣ͲҪȥˣԹԵһһ¶櫵СԴ
ǡ
ԣһòݷ
¶櫵ͷ˫Ťһһίģȴûټˡ
ţһ˫¶櫺;Ůȥ˾ɭ֣;ݿľӡһƵسЦЦȴ뻻ݿһɱ˵Ŀ⣬ûȤһӣҲ⣬ҹô㶼Լռ˱ˡ
ٱ֮ʣ¶̲סᣬԴӺһ֮ͷһηֿ۰Ȼֲˡ
һһҪСģһҪǲҾ͡Ҿ㿴¶ˣɬ
һ¶§뻳Уḧ˳㷢οСԣҴӦһģϻҵ㻹𣿡
¶һͷʵ㣬һģ᲻ˣ
ô᣿ҾԼҲҼҿɰС鰡һĵ˵
ŮпӵˣЩ룬׷ȻŮ˳飬Ҳ֪Ǹǻ
˺ܳһ·ˣһ̲סͷ¶櫻ճյվԭزͣػ֣ɲǼ䣬һһᣬɬɬĸж


90 3P


Ρʯ᾵ĺɽ֮䣬߲˶Ϊǲ½ļ㡣
һ÷Ѷɵǵۻ׳ۣ˵ﻨľɭһˣôɽһүǣ˵ζүǡܹվ帩½Ǹöôгɾ͸аһ
һˮһˣ˵ŻǺɽǵɡ
ţĲжԶһͻȻʵ
ԶǱߣϴȥ￴һ𣿡ţһָʵ
һҡҡͷţļţ㻹ǻزɣȥԭˡ
ţһϴΪʲôȥǲʲô
ǣֻǱԭ̫ΣգĹڼҽĽֺͷħţı᲻ҪҵźϲءһЦ
ţĬһͷ֪ˣϴһڼӿٳΪϴİ
ţһֻʣ˫ˣҪźɽ򱱣ٴµ۹ı߾߲ܵԭǸذ׺硣
ɽɽ³طƽ̹֮һЩ꣬иֵȼħ޳ûǱȽΣյĵشˡ
һڿƮǰŮһһңпŮɾһ㡣ʱһʱʵ˫ĳһΪʲôأΪûеħʦľ磬ôܷأ
ʵһõǷϵħķƯɺöˣħķѲȴɵø߸죬ֻҪħľһֱͣڿС
һԼľһֱڸ߼ħʦľ֣ħͻˣʶħԪضŨ÷ˣ㲻ħʦҲõħʿ˰ɡһ˼⣬дħʦʵ˫Ҳ˵Ȼ
ͻȻڿƮ˫ɫһף忪ʼҡ
һƲһ§ס˫Ʈ䡣
˫ôˣﲻһŵʵ
˫ƿһɫȻתһߵҸоҵľħһһھƯˡ
˫ҪģȡϵѪҺڵͻʧġĹеǰο
ǰ˫¶ѰϻֵһЦ
˫תˮ峺͸۾עһģͻȻ΢΢һЦлл
лʲô֮˭˭ɫҲˣϢһ߰ɡһٺЦʵ˵治̫ϰա
񣬵һֵĿ⣬˵֣ߵŮ˸ʮָմˮǸһҳء
һһŴϣҧһڿһڰٻζжˬˡٻǰϸĵ¶ռָģֻΪϣټϾɭ﴿Ȫˮζ㴼ҷζղɢζΪ֮ĳƺš
ҹ˫ɽϣһƬ죬ֱǧƲסԼʶ˯ȴħʧ־ԽԽʧС
˫ҧҧֲ֮䣬ʪ󣬵ָѱޱе˽ȫһ糱ҪûĴ¶ӿ˳ʪ͸
쵰һ˫ţĿˮȼදţָо٣һжĴ
ڣһĵȼʶţͦε纣˰һĳ̻ζ˵ë£תĽײγһӵĻ档
쵰һʱһȻһŭƺ˫ģĶͣ
Ҫͣ˹ؼʱ̣һȻͣţؽߵ
һֻüĸţȴЩɻ󣬸ղѵǻþɡ
ǿس̣ĵĽʼ鴤ӿһůҺ˫˫צһϣϹ̵ҪŻ
ʱһƺһ޵ͷһֻĻؽ˫Ŀʶڸ߳УǣȴԲġ
һ쵰һŴĲִ˹һУ˫ôأ˸ġ˼룬һŷЩͲǶģֱӳġ
˫ظִȼʪһƬйĳ£ҲӡȦȦˮա
˫ҧһǿҵУһˮһ磬ȫ£ָƽȴӿǧˡ
˫ôû˯𣿡һͻȻ˫𣬽йһ
˫عͷһۣ˵޵ļһô˯أȴ˿ڡ
һ˫ɵĪתַɫ죬ǹеʵôô죬𣿡˵ַĶͷϡ
˫һͻȻָֻոջһŮ˵ϼذûɵŭֱðһһ˦aȻ
һüòԼûеɣôôƢĪÿһεĺˣǿµġ
˫ոǲˣһ˫¡
˫㶣Ȼû˵
쵰һһѧ˫ҲΨΨФ
˫㵵һβһЦ˳
ˣôܵҵѵǵϬѾ̶ֳˣһ˫չգҲЦ
ǰģñ˫Ц
˻ˣôͻñһεﲻɸпŮ˱ȷһھˣǰĴıҪ
㣬֪֮Ӧÿ£˵ò˫ǺҶһ۾


91 Ů


һǳ׵׵شˣѵ˵ÿκĺ¶櫼ʱ˫ӦˣǱ3Pô
ʱһͻȻǴŴĲɱʱûзӦƺͦɵİ
һɵĿ⣬˫Щ飬һһ弶ĺߵһ˱
һЦѣһŽסԼı飬εˣ
˭ҡ˫һ
һٺһЦһ°͵ĺ룬ҵǾ仰ƺЩ̫Ծ񡭡
û˵꣬һ;һһͻȻ˹촽һָֻסˡ
˵˵ҾͣҾ͡˫˵ȥˣۿЩ죬Ứ
һסˣӡе˫κһĮû˴һ棬˫ȷʵҲͦίģһ׵ŮÿԼ¶櫵ļ齻֣һֵŮر˫ֽ׿ñʲôصŮ˵ôܵأ
˫һѹȥȻÿֽԱŲŲҹղԲ
һ촽ƺһĨ
˫ԲĲ֪һŻԼ˫Ǹ
˫ҡҡͷǿյϵ췱ǣЩ룬Щ֣̿ڣƮSƴңԶߴ֪ʱԺһƬհףԼ˭֪жôҷ·Ǳˣܸо֮룬ҾãҸǲӦôϵģΪðգõĹޡ
һƤһ֪˫ĮϾȻص£ȵں˵ЩʲôڼǺû˭ǲӦôϵģʧȥ˼䣬ҪںϽİ統ȻҪʱˣ㲻Ӧô磬Ҿ͸Ӧôˡ
˫ȵһʵΪʲô
һЦΪǶˣȻˡ
˫һ΢΢ͻȻ࣬ǽ˵ԵʡվˣҪȥ˯ˡ
ȥ˯ɣһһЦ
˫תȥͻȻعʵǹΪʲô˵Ůˣ
˵𣿡һ㶵˫Ѿתʧǰ
һ˼ڤ룬벻ʱ˵ԼŮˡ

ڶһ磬һ˾ʰٴˡƺĺã̫ƺҲģһɷ˫˵ЦʱĸоŮԸ񶼱ȽϵĮҲ̸϶ãȴ֪ΪιϵôܣŮ֮ԶŪס
ʱǰͻȻŮӵĿ޺Цýֺͷ붼֪ǰ淢ʲô顣
ɫһ䣬³֣ǰȥ
ǰֵĳѣֻŰµ۹ʿЦ˺һŮ·˿Ů˻ߵĽкԱ߻Ůڵϣһһ飬Ѫ߰һƬǼԵպۣѾȻǱŰɱ
һ֣˫Ѷʿ塣ǺŮɪɪһű
ڰµ۹ı߾ﲻԶ԰µ۹ʿҲ֡ŮòĹԿʵȴǳͨǿ棬ȻŮˡ
֪һµ۹ʿλŮʵʩ˷ָıСһǼʱϵһλŮѡ
ĺ˫ǰοŮŮֹסһˣþǳ崿¶еһƴѣ־۶˽ס֮ġ
Ůվѩ׵ظ¶˴Ƭ޳Ҳ¶˿֮Сһ˹ȥ¶лλĴҵűסףֻǿҵĽãҲãҪźǱ⼸̣
¶˵ǰ˵ѵпʮУʵϰ
ĺ˫ο¶ȵ˲䣬һʼϸϸλŮȫ¶죬ëʵĶβǸƯβ֪͡Ϊʲôһܸо¶ȵʵעԼǳģ˵ɲǼԾгеĸо
һ۹˸һ£¶ζ΢Ц¶ȵĺŮĻ⣬һﲻÿɷ
תһŵߺŮʬ壬ɻŮƻʿѵǻŶּŮһȵãƺ̫
һ˼ʱͻȻĺ޺޵ı̣Ůȫˡ
һɫʱЩӲ֪ǰΪ᲻һأôжΣڹǱˣǱȷȷʵʵڵġһߵŮ֪ݣ᲻һȥأ
һ¶ȽȥͣҪҪȥأĶһ˵
˵أһת΢Ц
˫һۣԵ˵ͷ
ȻǶͬ⣬ǾȥɡһЦԺ˶֣ȻܹŮͨԣõĮ˫øС
һ֧ĺǰ治Զܿ㵽ˡ¶˵ת֮ǰƯ۾һһۡ
һʱûȣһǱѪڡ
дǿһ¶ǻԲβһһεİɫβͣԳһЦ뿴¶ȵˣʲô


92 ڰʿ


¶ȷʵЩ£øĨƵģǸģܿȡĺ˫ΣŮʾǿҵķ߿֣ͬʼԽˡ
¶˵һķ֧ʨıӻ£ÿ궼ҪʮòĺŮŵԴڡһ֧峤Ůĸ׵²ûкŮһΪƷ
һ·ϣһһֱ΢Цû¶˿ı顣¶ںŮ˵ļͷӿһۣһԲŮӲĹΪľǿ־ѳ˰ɡ
һڻŪףΪʲô޳ԹһǵıҲϧλ绨ĺŮΪϹ
ʱһͻȻϻǹΪѪɫʿŵʮʨʿ˳ͻѵΪ£ҲЩ˵ȥг󲿷ֶȽˬֱǿߣϴʮʨ嶼óϷȥӦòôİɡ
ղųµĵطȷʵԶһڳ˼ʱѾˣһɽʯݣǳʵª
¶ȣҵŮ㵽ȥˣ켱ˡ¶һ˳ֵʱһǳżŮģŮӭò¶м񣬴Ƥ֯·¶Ͷۣĸǻ֮رǸֳβ֮ͣʰɢһּ˵ζ
ס¶һºۿ˽ĻУ϶˵Լ
ȺɱǧĻ쵰ȫɫһ±ࡣ
ðƲƽӯӯһһ񣬵лλŮľ֮ǺԶģǺ峤λ뵽С
һͷһǿѹסͷﶯϵĵйȻСǿ࣬һȷĹӱ濴ȴǾֹׯ˵Ѿﵽľ硣
ǱˡһЦȴȻ峺
΢ɲüƶһûбЩԾһ۾ȴ峺۾ƺһ۱ɿ͸͸Ҳеĵط
һһԱȽϺʯݣļҾҲʯͷģƤȻȽϼªȴһζ
һ̤ʯݵһɲǣĵѪɫͻȻܵһ޵ĺڰϢڡ
е˼ѵǺڰ̻᣿Ϊļ¶أĻǰµ۹Ľݷ飿һɫ뵽뵽аµ۹ʿ˽²ӦΪһ飬ǰ»ҪΪĽݷ籨ɡ
ʱݻѵ¶ȶżζŨĹ֭˽֭һһһ˵ǰֻ֭ɫ͸ϵĲʺһ㣬ǳƯ
ѵǲʺեĹ֭˵ʺգഺפϡ٣ǧ󡣡ľ̾
ǲʺֻ֭кɽŻλǺдҲ⼸صĲʺˣǺһԿζǷǳġеЦֳǡô˸оʮ
ĺ˫ֶ˱ӣĸŮ˲أϣԼഺפأⱭ֭ǿջ
һҲ˱ӣת˶ȦͻȻζЦ˵Խ޵ĶԽΣգܶɫĹʵжģ֪ʺûжأ
һ⻰¶ȵıһǿЦ˵Цˡ
ӷڴߵĺ˫һ£ĵһÿһɫĹʵжģʺûж
ʺûж˵Ͼ˵˲𣿡һٺЦĸŮ
ĺ˫һ̽׵¶ĸŮ
һֵǣû¶˿ŵɫһֱЦһ´Ӷׯǰ粨һζţ־
СܵǺֲĽݷǲĶϣ᲻ɱ㰡ǿϧ۹һǿǣһ㶼һ˷ϡ
ǺǣǾͿ쵽˭ˣֵľЩڵ²Ҽ˵ļһɡһЦͻȻһ棬õлнмǿĴ͸
ֻһҵĻζʯݾȻһ
ҳɢ֣ʮȫںɫµͻȻһ˵Χ¶ĸŮѾԶԶ˿
ȻһͫȻâ״ЩϸܵǿҵΣϢرǰʮվ޽ģһľĸоʮԾʿϵĺڰϢȴΧĺڰʦҪŨأѵڰ̻Ҳо˽ڰħںϵ֮еİ취
ڰʿͻȻе
ڰʿʲôһʵ
Ǻڰ̻طʿǺڰǸͲˣѪûи飬ֻ֪ʵִĵЩЩһɻ
ԭǺڰ̻ѵɱ˻֪ҵĳô
ףû뵽Ѿͷ֪Ļͦ֪㻹֪ЩʲôǺ峤
ʱһͻȻоǿĺڰħ֪꾫ʱΧĺڰʦʱ䣬ħǿȣʩų춯أ


93 Կ


֡һһӥһΧķʦɡΪһںϼʮ֮ʩһħԲǸʩŵħһԱģܿл֮Ľһ
ΪԼǬŲƵٶȿɸɵôʩŵںħԱȴ˻ڿУһɾ޴ֱ˻
һһ֪Ȼʮڰʿʩųģ鷳ˡҪɵΧħʦóЩڰʿİΧȦ
ʱڰħĲѾԽԽǿңղŻյձһ㵭ڵҿʼŨ
һһĳХ޽Ȼ֣νâһĿİ׹⣬Դħ֮ʥ⶷ǹϵħԪں壬ƺڰʿĺڰӦõѡ
ʥ⶷ֻ֮նһڿȻסͻȻһƬѪɫ͸¯ĸˮ˶١
ʱʮڰʿѾΣգа֮ʱ޽ϵŨĺڰγһɲʱеһΧסˣסе·
һЦˣЦúܹаͬܵظĹʹߡȻ䣬Ӱ羵ˮһģ壬һɲǼо޽ѳ׽ӵĽâǧ⻪˷
ûо춯ص죬Ҳûнֻм˵ϸ΢졣һʮڰʿһɢڰ֪໥˻໥ˡ
һŵأѪɫѾȥˣЩ԰ףϵ·Ҳǧٿףһ˫ֶڲزţ˿˿Ѫ˳£հյ˽£ĻڸոյĽ˿ǱڰƵȴûһ˿ˡϸĻͿԴѵĿڴһĨɫǴʧ֮ҵףǹ벻˵Եٷ֮ʮħͬĶҲһǾˣµĺڰҲһһСĿ
ԱһʮڰʿȻңϲ˴СС˿ڣеϻĳЩ١һȴ˲෴ð˴̹ǵĺ⣬ϵı龪ɲ
⾿ô£һЩѹֺ;壬ֻЩڰʿȻϢվţϵļҰ׵ⷭţȻûһ˿ѪҺֹľһ˼Ϊ𾪣һûѪҺܹȥ𣿻˵Ĳˣ
Ҳ֪ҡҡͷϵıͬǳ𾪡
ʱΧĺڰʦԽԽ߿ˣڰħԪǵصӿɽһ㣬ǳˡ
ãʩŵĺڰ䣬ѾҪˡ˫е
һҧҧӺڰԪռų˿޺ͳãտʼͲдģһʼÿ޹˵ѾͻЩڰʿİΧ
һǿвʼǴŭһͷϵͻȻһ⣬ʱ˺¡¡ΪSSĳħޣʩıϵ׵ħǳѸ١
ƸǶټŨڵĺڰ֮Ƭ춼ҪƵġȻһɫ绮Ʋ񷣬ںڰһ߰㳯ΧķʦȥȵһĽֻʦȺϿͻȻһ㵭ɫĽ磬澹Ȼ˿һ£ͻȻڿ޵УһһŷʦĽϺȥǿ繥£ǽ翪ʼƺŲ˶ˣǵħҲʱ̡
ʮҲЩڰʿһ𣬸տʼʱǳһΪ֪֮øܺЩڰʿ⣬ֻװܵʧһ߹ԼʵΪԼȫӦÿԶԸȴ˲ôˣ˶˻ƨð
һ֪˫ϵǿſԷųˮĻ컪ܱܲڰ
һ˫ȥȴ˫Ŀգӣ૿ţϿʼ˵ĹâͻȻֳֵĵɫħšһɫ䣬֪˫ԽԿ䣬һֱ֪˫Ŵħʦʵа䣬ħ;ʼ½ʱǿʩŽǻʲôһȴԸҿ϶ǺõĽ
ʱһֹҲΪ˫ϵǿħ˫Ƶֱȥ
ʱʮ˾òĺڰʿͻȻȫһµսȦȥ
һƤֱϲµЩڰʦѾˣһ۱ɫâΧ˫һҧ޺ͳջؽָһ§ĵȥ
˫ǧҪ°һĬĬĺˣΪʲôԼôдΪƾ˵ʵټʮ˾߳úSSĿ޾޵ˣ֪⻹ĺ˫ȥðա
ٺУһ۽ǵͻȻ¶ĸŮҲƴƵԶȥ
һ˿ʹ޵ľǣܵأǿľʶϮȥ
ħ⡣ʱһһĵͺͷһֻǼʮڰʦԾеħȣǵϿȻһŨŨڵĺ򣬺ڸתšȻ䣬ͻȻըһֻǰһڣ۾ѿκζһ㵹ȥʶѸٱģֻԼһ䴺ʻͻȻ˶ڿٿή
ơ㱼䣬һ˫Ǳûһ˿еȣһϮһһѹ
ͷȥһ𺶵һĻһӶ޷һ׵磬Ǵĺڣڵļ£ڶһ㣬ƺ˵ܱɵǾӨİףѩһ͸⿴Ǻⶼܽ񶳳ɱ顣
ڰ׶Գ֣áڵһ߿κζֻܸܵа˲ϢʹһַΧ֮⣬ҲܸеһиĶѸѿΨһĹޡһ˦˦ͷٿǱߣ˫׵Щ͸綼͸ıƺΧڵĿҲȫˡ
Ȼ˫ϵĵâʼʧͬʱеħҲ䵭ֱ
һ죬ž磬ֻ˫һϵϵӣָϵĽָͨͨһб촷ۣȥ
˫һţͻȻγѵؿ񱼹ȥ
顱͸ıм׷ɣǬŲƵһͻȻһ״˿УһȻͣԭء
ҿȻĸһֽһ˷˻˶岻ŵؾеʱҲûôˣŵ˫ȥ˫ΧûбסҪȻǽӱڳҲҪʱ䣬ҲǣʩôܱԼħסأ
˫˫ѡһ˫ԭأȫøһȱ黹Ҫ䣬ֱͺʧ֮ǺڰռǸ̶¶һˡ
һ˫ڻУԴԴϵȥȴԽԽţ£˫ҲѲˡһԵҲһ߻˫֣һᣬһܣһἸᡣ
ͻȻ˫Ľë˶۾ǲǳȴ
˫ˣղŵֹͣˡһϲغ˫§øƺһҪ뿪һ㡣
ԣ̫ˣˡ
˫˫۾һҲͻȻһƬˮ䣬Ĵʱȴù̵ֱ̹̣ᡣ
û£Ҫġ˫ָ̧ĵգȥˮַһϣЦˣˮһ΢ЦȻ󻺻۾شȥ
˫˫ĴŻ˫壬Ϊʹȥˡ
һһץסĵ֣𼤶˫ֻ˯ȥˡܸܵ˫ȻȴȻš
ıһؿڵˣһΪ
ʱͻȻһ궫ѵֻһһƬͻȻѷ죬һֱڰʧˣֻºһ㺮ƬԼƬŵļʮһϢĺڰʦԶʮڰʿһ˪ЩӲҪܡ
һ׼׷ȥ˽ǣȴסˡ
һüΪǺڰ̻ľŹǰɣʲġ
ĺӻçԭһֱõȼߵľħڰħȴΪ˼ɶûлʹã֮ˡ
ֻͷϵĺӡǺڹһӶͷڿγһ޴
ɡһָǾ޴ĺɫתżóٻЩڰʿȻͻȻתҶһƬƬţҶƮ½ڰʿ֣Ƭ̼ջأЩڰʿѱһѰ׹ǡЩڰʿΪ˫ˮϵ伫ͷŶ֮룬˴ʱĵĺ޻֮
ЩڰʦҲĺķϰɣϵĺڰħɲһָЩµĺڰʦ
ĵͷųЩڰʦҲ˰׹ǡ̾һջأͷֶһӡǡ
ǲǲˣһʵ
ҡҡͷǣںڰ̻᱾棬ֻͻȻЩʦˣ˵ʦΨһˡ
ѵҾǲ𣿡һ
㵱ȻҲˣ¶櫣С˫Цţ۾һȻͷļϡ
ҵκ˫Ҿȥһ˰ɣ˳ʦһ˫㷢
šĵͷǳϲ
ʱеĺȫɢȥִ̫Ʋ˳
ۣƯͻȻֻ̫̾Ĺâںصıϣ뵵侹Ȼ߲ʵĹâһִƺѾĿĵرԭ
һҲЩʧղϵĶħԿ֪ԼԭҲһֻ֮ܣΪڼʶǿŵӡŵĻϵʲôǿħڽ쿴ЩЦ
ԭ֮ĲҲôһ˫Ϊʲôѡ÷ӡĽˮĻ컪ֵڰħˣڸ֮ҲˮĻ컪ֵܷס֮ɡٿ˫ʩŵˮϵ伫ƣܶסʲôأԱ֮Ҫһ֣˫֮ʩų䣬ҪĻϵЩͬѰħƷɡ
һһħ·ϻкܳһ·Ҫء
һô죿ָһþס¶ĸŮ
һ˿˯˫һ̵ĺ⡣ǧ򲻸ߵŮˣ޿ˡ
һʾĽӹ˫ߵ¶ĸŮĸǰ
㣬ǰɣǱڰ̻ƵģҲȫˡ˫ĿᣬɫһƬң˲֮ͬġ
ǣʲôô𣿡һЦȴһƬ䡣
ֻҪĸŮôСΪתˮһ빴Ȥ
ǰ㲻Ǳ֮ˣĸŮԸһӣ˼ҡ˼ҿɻǻƻŮŶ¶һߴӵı飬ţ΢΢һϴģ˵ж๴ж๴ꡣ
ֻЩ𣿡һЦֻͬʱ꾫°ĦţĿĶһƣҲ̰
¶ĸŮһǣһϲΪԱסˡ
ӦҲûõóĶɣôܱǸҶЩɧ겻Ȥһ̰ɡһЦŽֻ¶ĸŮĲӡ


94 ɷ


ĺɫãˮӷɽٲƮɢˬ⡣
Ǻɽ϶±ϵһ񹤵ƽ̨߽ǴӸߴɽķ϶кµɽȪγһξΪ׳۵ٲһﱧȻ˯˫һ⻬ʯϣֵ£򾲾ļϣҲ֪Щʲô
᳤̾һһͷ۵Żл˯˫࣬ɫһֲ̬Ĳ԰ףʱʱ̣ڻ˯üҲǽţȻܲ˫ľԽԽÿһΣʱιЩˮ֮Ķʮӱֻ˯ȥȥһұ֤˫ܷŵԭϡ
һҪ̫ˣ˫һµġַ̾ĴϽ˽οʵֺγأ˽ǣµس䵱һ֪Ľɫ
һģճһֻ§סļ磬ģлл㡣
һЦЦ۴һ£ɵϣ˭Ҫлˣ˼
һͻȻ֮Ľɫ񵹻ˣǰɵȻοǣ˰οĸо治رů
ǰҵӣԶҵ߰ɡһḧĵ㷢
㲻ҪңȻҾԶߣһӡػش
һĹҪĿԶһЦ
ԶжԶأʡ
жԶȽϸӣǵúúоһ¡

ĺأȻûڣ¹·ĺ⡣ȻһһʼӰһһŻɫħ۵һŵɫħ۵ڱΧվסޱȾȵƬ磬þ΢еʶĻһϳ߱ǻϵħʦ˹˹ˮϵħʦˮ硣
ˮ磬ôתͷ
ǿȻҲʩųˮϵ䣬һ룬ⶳĲͨı飬֮ʩߵʵѵˮϵħʦĵ߷壬֪½ʱһλǿߣˮȻʮҵͣȴŮһ㶯ʱ޹µľˡ
˹ϸ۲ܣǰõˮħϵ⣬ͻȻоһɺ嫵ĺڰħˮϵħԪصĲ֪ʩźڰħˮϵħԿ˴ʧɫ̶ħĸ
˹üͷԶǣȷڰħĽӦ⼸ʮλڰʦʩųģˮϵһʩŵģˮϵǿһЩЩڰʦ֮ԱΪڰħʴĽô˵ʱеĺڰ̻ˡ
˹㿴Ǳߺʬ塣ˮָԶ
˷ȥߺŮӵʬ壬ѾýӲޱȡ
ǱǶˮָڵĲӣղһǵĺѱ÷顣
˹̾һ½ֵ֮µ۹۹Ȼûȫ濪սȴֲսϣ۹ƺҲ˽ڰ̻Ƶֳһλˮϵħľǿߣ½Ҳ֪ʲô
۹ҪͿ̿ʬҰˣĻϰհˮ̾һ˵ı顣
˹ˮΪˮϵħǿߵ˫Ȼڻ˯Աڤ롣
һ˼ţں屻ڰ̻ĺڰʦͺڰʿýС࣬ʱ˫ʩųԿԵѻˡ˫˯ǰҲ֪ʲôΣգüǿʵ
ħΪͣͲǰѿҪͻƵڶ㣬ȴҲһһϦ顣
˿ռָеĳúͿޣһɵ룬ٶһЩ־ͺˡ
ѽôǸˡһһԴô˿ռָлʧȥĳأټЩʧ֮ǳץ飬ʱʹɷʹģֻǺˡ
һӿռָнסĸ˳վǰħʦֱˮϵϵͻϵģжǴʦûнʧ֮ǰµȴҪΪԼеĿˡ
ɷܵķһģΧһ磬ʶеĺڰħԪؿʼӿһ˫Ŀڹһֱ˵üģҪǵԺֲԼӡ˵Ľյ˫ȻһĨĺâһԽԽвͣز
ۿӡѱֲ£һӿռָóʮֻʧ֮ץ飬ħеĻںϽɷܵЩ飬ǽǿִʱҲݶ
һεδӶͷ޽ǻ䣬һڵľħĵʮҲǲôҵġ
콥ˣʱһߵ߿ܽȫðźһɬޱȵһ³߿ѴӵƮڿתš
Ĵڤʱһ㿴һĻҴһֻǾػߡ
ͻȻһ˫һӣѪ߿ܵüģ类һȥ߿϶ʱâӿڵϡ
һһ̧Ĩȥͷĺ飬;˱ǣһֻذöͷϵĺ顣
һٺһ֪§סķ۴һ£˷ܵģƵɷܣʶһǵ
һһλʦִ޽ԾУɫĽâſѵ˻˻±ڡ죬ʯɽ±ϳԼʮףԼ׵ѷ졣ʱλħʦҲˣʮˮϵħѩأʮϵħصʮϵħ켸ͬʱ±ڡ
ãǿһЦһ侪еΪͬʱ´ɷܵģħʦĵطʦһԱߵ±ڡʮħ˽Ŀ꣬ǸǷΧǽԼҲ˽ȥ


95 ݷ


˫ĿЩģЩٶۡ
˫ˣЩʲôĽ˫𣬿ĵ
˫Щ㱵ģĿĽżϣҡҡͷҳԲ£أ
һǱߵСϴأĵһǱģһЦ˳ʱɷʮħ˳һŲãæ˯˫ı±ϵƽ̨ʮħģƽ̨ը˴룬ʯŮɢ˷һǬŲƵٶȻ죬㲲Ҳͷ
Цʲôʲô𣿡˫޶˵طЦ㲻ʵ
Цŵͷ˵ղŷ顣
һʱĺ˫˵Цţﲻһϲһǵߡ
˫ˣЩʲôһʵ֮Ա
˫һЦˣһɲһ£Ļͺ͸ղĵĻһģһѣҲӦûź˰ɣ˲̫̰Ĳ𣿾ôһ˿ڴ
˫ľƺͦһ˽һСʱֳ˯˹ȥ
ģǰǰµ۹ı߾˰ɡһų˯е˫ʵñ
šĵͷһΪʲôҪôʡ
µ۹ҪϢʱˡһааЦ
ڰµ۹߾ɽΪԤ֣ﳤפһ֧ӣԼʮҡ
ºɱҹ߷ŻʱһӰϢس˱ӪϿգһȦһرӪϿͣ
ٺ٣ӦþǾ˰ɡһЦһֽɷеħʦٻ
һ£ħʦʼһþħһʮ˵ľһǧ˵ħʦţвߵȼķʦֻյ⣬ɲʮӲƴ
ʱħʦɣΧͻȻϢشӵð߸ߵʯǽΧȻһХ̹ǵĺǵӿȥʯǽ̽һıͬʱϵħʦѽȼȵĸ½ʳٻΪҽ
Χűʯǽټһųľ磬ͻƵʱӦյò˰ɣԽԽ䣬ûʳ·¹ʮһˡ
ʱӪһƬңҲħʦһٺһЦµ۹Ϣ´յþͲǾǻʹˡ
һջؿܣӰѸʧ˺ҹС
ʮһ˰µ۹߾һΪǵĶУǳʱڣӽԭʮֺ䡣˫ںޱڵˣѾûˣһ١
ףõ꣬û뵽ôƫԶĵطҲз˼ĲҵȻ
˼壿һǰǸ㶣ԺﲻǸݷŮԼȢҪԼ׸˼壬̲סЦҡҡͷ
һЦʲôֵʵ
ûʲôǾסɣһЩǰûôĳˡһЦ
һ˽ȥõ󲻾ãһӶĻ½˿ǡ
С㣬ǵˣǲȵõȥϢһ£һ˴վһǰ档
ãһ·Ҳˣһ£ʲô˵ɡﴫһŮƺһ껪Ů
ڷõͣõƹҴܳӭӣѵڵĴС㾹Ƿ˼ĴСݷ
ƿŮһĽŮ£ֻŻĺãջ޽ԵӢʮ㡣˵ĴǶصʣ˷˼ĴСҲڶˡ
ƹ񣬿׼һ׼ôСϢһŮȻƹ
ƹһɫ֨֨С㣬⡭
ʲôѴ𣿡ݷº͵ʵ
С㣬ΪȽƫƧõһ׼䣬һҲѵסɲɸո˼ҪǺ׼䡣ƹΪѵ
Ȼǿס˾ˣǰɡݷҲΪ⣬Ϊһˣ˵ǾԲġ
ƹһڵݷͼȥ
С㣬ˣȻСʹ˽ʳƹĹ
ˣҪúϢһ£ûҵķԸҪҡݷ˵Ž˷䣬Ůסĸڡ
ʱһߵķͻȻˣһɻţոһϤòƾǷ˼Сݷ
ѵҳֻҲǣѾͷôôƫƧĵطأһʼ磬ȷԼˡ
һڿʲôأԡ´ԡ߳ɢһɵʪͷ䣬һֱġ
ûʲôһЦ۾סǻ𱩵ĽɲʱЩһֱҰⱼһѾЩûкĻˡ
һȵĿ⣬һ۽ʲôֲûɫǡ
һݸһЦ߹ȥһ§뻳Уָ˿ʵԡ۸ķ۱ǾСɵĶǰǴɫǣڴɫҪСˡ
һɵĻУĴħһеȫʪʵطӳĿ顣
ӵԽԽˣһͷĵ㾱䣬ɵѩļһۺĴӡͬѩ÷һ㽿ޡ
£һҧסϸһԡɢһԱͦε˳Ө͸ļٵĺ粨һҪû
߾ѿ飬һÿμȴȻ嶯ֹһźסһŷۺ٣Լｿ޵ͦһֻȴëܲķۺ칵֡
ĽһȼסһֵĴ֣Ҫ
һҧһڣóɳ㲻𣿡
ҧ´ɫһƬͨ죬Ȼ鶯ˣҡҡͷߵǣһóȥ뱸õƷأϾҪˣǲٵˡ
һһʱѹǰ˫ĲٵˣǲƷҪȵˣôҪ졣


96 ʧ


ǿѹذϵԡ۵Ĵӣ屻·ϣ¶εź֮ɫ
ĺЦһı飬˿̾һҪȴԲĺӡ
ôˡǰ¥סһĲһ¡
һ۾һٺֱЦ˵ģô
֪ˣȥ˫ɣһ·ȥˡһһߵ
ģȥɣúܣô죿һ
Ҫ˫Ѿ˯˶ˣ˵ˣ۾뿴һ㡣ЦЦһһƵ˫ķҪ˵һ㶼黳ʵǼٵģѧŽܣɺܼ򵥣Ϊ
һ˫Ĵߣḧ԰׵գ˫ǸܺõŮӲΪұ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܹܶ࣬ӵҲ֪ϱӻ˶ٵ£һúðС㡣
ҹĻܿ˴أ˽ϡ٣캮ضģûԸ
ôˣôûһͻȻЩ
أأͻȻ˴磬һ񲻶ȥ˵ʱҪʲôҲ밡ѵˣƾħʦʵټϵĻףϴħʦʥҲϢıŵôҲŪһ㶯ɡ
һվõſڣȻֿƮѩþͷ׷˶ëѩȾױع
ѿһ˵ĽֵһǣҲִܷ磬ûԵ޹ôҲ϶˵һġ
ݷ˴῿棬汻ôתѩӴ˽ȥȻ
ѩˣʱúÿ찡ݷ૵ѩ֮ƺֳһ˵ĿǵһؼǸħȺоȳӣǸһζĵӣǸȢӡǾˣȻûһ첻롣
أݷ۽һ׻һŵǸͦεӰ
ݷתͷʵղǸվǿûУ͸ոջڵġһ°׵س
ƹؾݷЩˣǽҪ׺׼Ŀˣոջģһգ۾Ͳˡ
˵סǣһ𣿡ݷʵ
һģһ˵ͬ϶ġƹ
ݷͷһתȥûֶסʵ˵ͬеĻŮģ
ŮģƺϵǳƹСĸɲһܲκϵģܷؾʱشʵʵ˵
ݷһ̾һ¥ˡ
һ÷Ʈڴѩ׷ķſգڿһȦһȦѰĵټȴͬƾʧһ㡣
һǿԼ侲ѾÿҪˣ˭ôı¿ϢؽĴߡѰһطƮԱһӻĽֵҪɹػ϶ֵġ
һһҵһҵȥͨ˵ȴֻڵĵϰ˵Ҳ˵Ĺҵʧˡһǵʱû쳣һҵϰ˵УΪʱѡƷͻȻ˵ҪˣȻҴææ˳ȥ
ڰ̻ᡱү۹ʶĿ뵽λϰӦϳ˶Էݲżæȥģһһʱͻɵ˺ڰ̻ᡣ
ԸģһͻȻðһ뷨Ը⣬ĵʵܻһ㶯ûУ˵ʶˡ
һûȥõȥ룬ڼȥҲ˵
߽õһʧˣܸо׷˫ϢȴûиоĵϢȻûл
һ¥ҪһţͻȻ洫һĽлһ𣿡
һͷȻݷվˮʣ۴򼤶š
ݷþòˣôһȻ֮ɫһţʶѣ׽ȴָž롣
ҼҵĲҵ˵ΪʲͲ˵ȥçԭˣû°ɡݷһסԼڶȥѰģûһһȴ֪뿪ˣĴ²֪ȻӻçԭˣʱĶǾģü춼ĵ˯ž
⻰ʵÿûˮ׼һվ𣿡һЦ
ݷһͷʱߵģһ㵱ʢ˵ӣʮһСŮ
㲻ҽȥһ𣿡ݷ̧ͷ
һţһơ
ɣҽȥҵѡһ˵߽ҡ
˫ôأϾҪһԭˣһҪסһ˫ϸ˵ķ˫ûˣȴͻȻˡ
ݷŷ϶˫һסûпһŮܵͲһʹ۾ɬɬֱᣬﱧŵһ˿ȫ
һ߳һƨɳϣӱ߹ѹеķꡣ
ôˣݷʵ۾˫ҡ
һּΪа䣬Ϊ˾ǲűģÿô˯ţҲȡһ̾һɳ
䣿ⲻǴ˵веаҪȥݷﾪҲʶˣϿּأ˵аʷĳˡ
ԭֻҪҵϵѪҺоˡһ
ʲôҪȥԭϣ֪ԭʲôطĵ¸ܹܵģSSĳħޣȥ𣿡ݷʧɫһҪһ޴ͷ
ЩҶ֪ұȥһᶨ
ҲνͰôݷվĿֱһ
Щ㲻ǻסһתеľƱ
ʱһͻȻоһϤϢԼĸ֪Χüͷһɡ


97 ǰļ


ǰҲףסݷͻȻһƣתˤŶˮҲ̲סر¡
һݷıӰΪʲôͻȻôƢû˼ȥ
¥ݼ俴ӷݷһ㶣󿪵ķţݽҧ´ɫǳ԰ס
ſڣһޱתɫҺӳӲ
ţһԱ£Բ·ͻȻһˣԻˡ
һеıӣɫģĵ㷢մѩ˵ģңʲôˣ
ĬȻһ£ܵһ߿ȥϺůͣһеĵζ
һЩĽ§뻳У㲻˵Ҳǿ㣬ֻҪ֪һŮˣҶΪ㿸š
һĻһᣬסһĻвţȡϵů
ͻȻĿһĴȣĴӡһͣðһ֫һŤš
һһͣĳȥ֮ǰѹסɲʱСֵ˷ܼһ㰺Ů˽֮
ҡ紥һŤø˱һͷִһ°ڴԵǿǡ
һʶظеЩԾڴ֮Ȼ¶ҪҪзŵÿȴ˿Ұһͷһܿľط۴׽ס˫ʵģͣ¡
ȴһ˫֣һѽһƵɳϡ˺·
һץסĵ񣬴ɳ£Ȼһѽᱧ߽ԡңһӽװˮԡͰ
ˮ棬㷢˦ȥظȴߵ¡
һ̾һԡͰ§ڻط۱
һҲ뿪㣬Ĳ롣ʵ
һ͵һﷺ𲻺õԤУƺҪ뿪˿̣Ѱ˿̹ĵŮҲһһ߱Ѷȫޡ
Ҽڰ̻ˣʦڰħʱɣѾҪҪˣʦдҵšȷʦıʼ˵Ҫһ档ڤĸбҩʦͽȴŮ
ԭһһӦȥʦһ档ǣ᲻ıأһ
ģֻ𣿡һʵ
šĵͷӦһϵˮ
ͻȥɣ˫ȥԭˣ֪ʮ˾߳ãпޣټɷܣȥԭʲôΣյģ㴦ʦ͵ɭҰɡһеӦò˵ô򵥣ȴ벻ﲻԾ
ĵͷһͻȻ˼ҸղŶˣҪ⳥ҡ
һٱһЦʵôأ
һЦƤֵ˵һòʵСֵܣֵغһ۵˵أ
СĹǰɣҽô㡣һĴָظϵִеԵ⣬ѲŪŷ۵͹
һ۾ĵҪγˮз֪˭˭ء
һٺֱЦⲻ֪ߵغѾͷ̣̣ǰĽѵ̡
һ½ĵ·þ⣬¶֬壬һ̾Ľϸµ续Ůһ㣬Ƥõ˿Ҳȡ
һŪһһղ˵飬би״İȵ𣬱Ϣˮɢˮִһϣƾܾӭϣʶķ͵
ô벻ҪһЦʵҲܣǵ÷ۣݵïܵĲԭϳ۳ңΪһ˵ϣ̡
ĺһҧס´۾ͷᵽһߣǲ䡣
һЦһֻ»ȥƽ̹СĴȵḧǲԽ׳ذ벽¿ɽõϲ²£֮
ǻЦһҧˮз𣬳һѩһҡ
ΪûлҲǼΪڼ˶ԡҵٵңĺۼ޴ڡһһԳ־뱬ȡʤһֻβһصһϣҲ᲻һ˿
ѩԽԽˣֻһϾͻ˺һ㡣۾һůĻУ̾һƷܿ죬Ҫ˵ټˣʲôʱټأĵûɵһ־塣
֪ʱѲˣȻ컹δһ˵ϰǿµģѾϰһߣǷֿˣ᲻ԷأҲŲһϺŵζܲ˵Ļؽ˻΢Цô
оؿڵʪһ۾ʵҲһֱû˯񵱳˿һ˯ʱƮȻԶȥͽƱǡ
ĴһĻ̧ͷԼ
ôˣĨ۽ǵʵ
ؿڷˮôܲѰҪ񲻱
ᡣĽһһ¡
һһЦĵղ뿪𣿡
һոȷʵ뷨Ϊһߣ᲻ߣĻ
ҪҲҪ˵һ߰ҲʱŷѾȥһ
ҡ
ҪˣҶף߰ɣ㡣һģʼ¡
һ𣿡ĴӺ汧סһ
һתֹĵ°ͣҡͷûУֻȻȥǾɣͿ㿴ʦһֲ˵ź
ĳһΣʼͷʼ¡
ҰɣǰңҾͷһءһЦе˸гĵס
һֱŵذĴ£ڿٵŮ·ͦģҪϱԵñ׾ˡµȻⲻռ˿ˡһĻЦĵĽУ˸ƺˡ


98 ǿݷ


ѩԣƬѰһƬһ߽õĴȴƬѩδմոģ˳㽫Ʒɹȫ
Ժĵǻ֮ȥ˸ļ䣬һЩ䡣
߽˫Ȼ۾һ¶˿ĵɫ
һ˯˺ܾҷЩ㡭ġ˫Ц˯˺ü죬ľƴ
ǰˣٲѾҪˡһȤ
˫һͻȻ˵ѹƺ̫˰Ҽ˯ˡ
вûҶЦһ仨𣿡һһѣ¶н׵ݡ
꣬˫Цˣ԰׵ϷĨΣƺ࣬Цȷһ仨һ乷β㲻Ц̫ǿ𣿡
ͣҪ棬ŮҪˡһƨ
ƶˣȥˣ˫ʵ
һЦһе£Իȥˡ
˫ͷΪ𣿡
һѹоҲɢһʼЦ
ǰ޲ɢϯһ仰ûУΪ˸õطꡣ˫˵
һ˫Цû뵽㻹ᰲο˵
һڲŷ𣿡˫ƤЦ˵ЦһûмģϵƺʧӰˡ
˵һỰ˫ɫͻȻЩ֣Щ΢΢
˫ôˣﲻ𣿡һ״ʵ
˫ҧűһƬͨ죬˸
㵽ﲻҡһ׷ʡ
˫Ťر۾ϲ
ϲһɵˣǰЩ鶼İæġһѵҪ꣬ǲ⣬ֻ˫һŮôܵˣ
ȵȣȥˡһ뵽ݷΨ֮Ҳеæˡ
ݷطţȴûӦһˡ˫Ҳ׻˵ǻġ
ȥ˭æأʱõģƹĺͻҲǴˣѲҪְ˫
ˣ˫ҵŮˡһת˷
˫ʱЩﲻסˣѡһʣûҵ˰
һֱǰҲ䣬߱ߵҲˣҰɡ͵ĺˡ
㡭ҲҪ˫顣
ҪѵϣһЦһһš
һĴĿ˫ߺ˫ձ۾Ů·һȻڻ£˳⿪㻬ȥ¶ѩ׵˿㡣
һһȣѪ˫Ҳ̫ǰɣڿ㾹Ȼǰ͸ģɷһԺɫ
ʱ˫ĽˣһŻ񣬴ֻ˹ȥץסڿıԵһһ㿪ʼ
һ˫һ߼
ãҲһסڵ۾ϸ˵Ӧһ졣
˿ʵڿĻ䣬Ůػȫ¶ڿСһһһڿˮ˫Ͱϣ󱳾Ȼˮ͸ˡ
һתͷɵ˰죬ȴȻû
ôˣ㲻ͦ𣿡һʵ
ҡ򲻳˫һ˿
һ㣬ţҼȻһ㸺ģԺҵŮˣǰҪ˼ʲô𣿡һḧ˫㷢
š˫Ӧһķ˼Һ
˫Űӵһ૵Ů𣿡
һЦŵͷ߳䣬Ҳʱˣ˫һУ۵ЦЦƲסֻۣ˯ȥ
Ȼѩ죬·ϼҲӰûԸءһ˫ڻУһ罫ס㣬ʧڷѩУĻѩȴûһӡ̤ѩ޺־ɡ
һ·һͻȻǰһĨӰվڷѩ֮С
ݷѾͷôһȣһǰ
ôҵܾءݷһЦһ֮ɫ
ңҸһü
ȻǺһȥԭˣҿǺòײ˦ŮݷｿεƺѾˡ
ϹʲôҲ˵ȥԭģѲҲҪȥһ˵ݷߴҪ·أûʱɺġ
ǰҾǸȥݷǿಽؽһ
ˣС㣬ͱˣұԭҪҵŮˣȥеġһת
ΪȥԭðգѵͲΪҰȥð𣿡ݷᶨһƽ˵
һȻݷҡͷ˵㡣˵űתǰȥգ֮ͽݷ˦ԶӦþͻԼȥ˰ɣһ롣̲סͷȴݷƴسķ׷
һҡҡͷ㣬弲ȥݷ׷һʱû׷ӦûظģȻô룬СľǿƢҲ֪᲻ɵһ·׷еΣհ
뵽һ÷ɵԶԶһײײǰ
Ѿͷ󡣡һ૵
һƮڸ߿ոݷΪѶ£Ҳ뿴ֶܼá
ʱһһĹȥˣһΪݷ׷ʮӾͻ᷵ˣȴ붼СʱȻǰţıƺвĿľݵӡ
ѽݷͻȻһؾ޽ӳһȦ泯ѩȥ
ѩڿһƬһѪɽһֻѩ۵ĹޱݷնأֻǾ޴ͻҧҽ¡һֻѩޣǱеһҰޣαװѩϹ
ݷüţϱѩ޷ҧѪڲǺû˵ͷ
Ӧûȥ˰ɡһ
˭֪һǵ͹ݷľģֻ˺һƬ򵥵ذһ£Ȼֿʼǰܡ
ˣȻԸȥȥˡһ̾һȥ¡
һӿƮɶ£ݷǰ档
һݷﾪϲػ
һһۣûȻǾ͸ȥɣʱɱڡ
ҲŲڣ͵ſˡݷｾ°͡
һе˫ڱϣǰӣȥҽϵĲƬ˿ϣָܿˡ
ݷһЦǹõҹ֪ͨ͸


99 ͬĺ


һվ˱ԭϣƬĵطи̾ѡһ׵磬׵ûһ˿ʣ֮˱ѩ֮ûκζ
ԭȷʵ䣬¶ȵ͵ˣʱܸоͷһƬһȻסԼͻе˫˵סĻǴٶ·ҲȻˡ
һֵǣݷû·ȻڿʱǼãվڱԭȴûһ
㲻𣿡һֵʵ
ݷҡҡͷַԼؿЦϴ˼ҴķҲ¡
Ǿͺáһͷһ޼ʵıԭͻȻв֪Ӻֵĸоԭôȥϰѩطǳǿң׻ѩä֢۾ʧ
ıߣƺӡݷʵ
ǰ߰ɡһֻܿˣϣһҳϲȡѪҺ
ˮԭתһ죬˵ˣﶼûš찵ʱ͵͵ò񻰵¶ȾȻֱ½ϢɱµһųȻֻֻ¾ͱֱӶˡ֪¶ȵ͵ʲô̶ȣϵħｫ֮أֻйˡ
һ˻е˫ʵ̫̬ˣҲ֪֧ܲŵҵϡ
һݷӣзҲЩ⣬ҹ¶ȾȻȰôࡣ
Ҳȥˣ˯ɣٽҰɡһε͵ӪɴʱԭͻȻһĺ硣ڱϿ֧Ųס
һ˼һýڱһڳһرӣڱʹˡ
һʱȴݷվһԷ˵㷢ʲôأϢɡ
ݷŶ˵һֱݺݵضţһ󻵵
ݷɪɢůڶôҲ治ů͡رСǱģôҲš
ȥתȦݷһҧԥһ⡣
һ˯ûУݷһ񺰵
𣿡ħ洫һ
Һ䣬˯šݷﱧ˫۲
һȥݷµԵ룬Ҫݷůࡣ
Ĵ󴲺˿ݷ죬ͬʱϮǿҵĳ嶯Ҫȥ˯
ôҪͬһڴϣﱧ˫
ǰ㲻Ը⣿ݷ
㱣֤˯ʱҵػνһЦ
Ϊİ͸ҶҪݷһ굽ϵһһֺŵůϢ
תһǵ˯ǱߣȻݷһеĶһһ񺮡
ͷ˯İɣһůΪһʲôһŻе˫ظա
ݷĹĵתͷڱﲻ˵Щһ˫΢չĽѣгһһеʱЩ㯣ݸϣȴȻɶ޷˵һ˽ôäĿ
ŵӰϧʧ䣬ݷ硣
һŴһߵݷ΢ЦЦѾͷһеظԭðգȷʵЩжһôƯŮ˳飬Ǹ˶ᶯİɡֻûȥ̸˵˵ݷؼԻ̬Ҳ˽⣬ʱȸŰɣ˳ȻȽϺá
һٴʱȻֻг˫ֶһ壬ݷﲻ֪ʱĻܸоؿڶŵŵʮԾأһ˵Ϊʱ⡣ԵʣݷҪеԵöࡣ
֪ʲôоһ޳ܵʶشҸ´˹ȥıԵᰴ˰Ȼָмѣһǳˬ
ʱݷһһϼ˼ȾʵظһϣҪĴѹһͦصСֵϣʶĥĥҪһĺ֪˯˵ҪΪڹˡ
һаֱðҪ֪ߺûŮˣȻÿ챧˫Ľ˫һĲֻϧڻжһݷȻѽҰ㲻Ъֹˡ
һһԼػڵѪʼƽһЩǾʱеݷֶ˶ؿڵ־Ȼһڣ÷ȼͦСֵϣǸоСֵ¶ȣ˯еݷｫⶫůִˣʶһҲɿ
һһոѹµִ֮ԭ𣬿־绹̫Զ
ݷԺ۾ʶЩѣֻһ˯ʵ̫ˣٶʱͻȻоԼһ̵Ķһһµš
ʲôôᶯݷԺˣ˭֪ⶫǴ˼֣øˡ
ݷﾪһѹһ̧ͷһ˫Ŀ
㡭ݷﾪһһƿһ㲻תˣڻ㲻̫Ϊʲôһ˯ߡ
ʲô㣬֣㵱ҵһɫ׵شеԭݷܾ֮¾ȫҪ֪ݷǽʦһյжһ츳񣬿һ¾͵÷ˡ
ӣʲôӣݷ˺һŸоǼӲֳĶʱһɿֵ֣øƨƵġ
ҡҡ˭㲻ʵҪռұˡݷתŭ
ݷﵹһңһһԼҿǱҵ˫ûô굽һˡ
ݷ˿ֹȻˣѹԼ˯ô˯ŵʱоһϵ£ȻԾرǱ߿ȥˡ
û˵˰ɣҵӦô㰡һЦ׽Ū֪Ҳ᲻ҵضȥ
ݷҧ´̧ͷֱһĿ⣬Ҷ㸺ǿȢؼҺˡ
ãݷ˺󣬺ϼ棬סķģѱ˼ǺţԺҵˡ


100 ѩ


һݷĳȶᶨһʱ֮Ҳ֪λӦ
һ±ʮΣݷȵ񽥽ۿỨոĹ˺ܴȴòһӦıʹˡ
ôûһݷһ˵ı飬Ҫתƻ⡣
ݷﲻֻתһͻȻú䡣
һ̾һݷӵģҲֹһ
ݷｿ˶֪
ǲᶪǵģҲ׸Ƿ˼壬𣿡һ
ף֪㲻ᶪҲ֪㲻׸˼壬ҺעûнģǣҲ֪Ĳ֪ΪʲôӰǳԺ֪Ϊʲô㣬ҹܲô࣬Ҫһ𣬾ҲҪһ𡣡ݷתˮһһλ䣬Խ˵Խ
һˮݷû뵽ݷﾹȻô⻰Ҫһиһ¸жֲ̧۽ǵˮ˭֪ȴԽԽࡣ
ܵһ⣬ݷһͷ˵ĻУӿ
ݷûб˼һֻõϵѪҺҽ˫Ժ˵𣿡һݷķ۱˵ԭ֮һ˳ػ˵ĺ¶櫾Ҫһˣ֪֪˻᲻
šݷ˵ͷȻһûֱӽûаѻ˵˵ԼлģڼǱôѾȫ˲ôˡ밮֮еŮ˸ҳ嶯ȫվڸǶȣ˵ŮΪ㡣
㶨ݷһһȻһƬġ
컹û𣿲̫԰һڵӶʱǱȽеģôʱôҲӦ˰ɡΪʲôѧôأ
һԽԽԾ´˳ȥܺڣƮϸϸѩ̹ǡ
ôˣݷʵȶ
ΪӦʲôʱһʵ
Һ˯˺ܾƵģ춼ûӦûɡݷ
һҡҡͷ˵ԣҵĸоģ˵Ӧˡ
ôˣΪʲôûأݷŵʵ
һ룬ͻȻһǰϱȦھмҹԭԭĪǾǲ½رشһԽԽпܡ
ʰ߰ɣҿδһǶҪںڰȹˡһ
Ϊʲôݷﾪе
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôһʼ磬ʲôγ֮ڶţ١
ʵҲһϣļﶼǺҹһ·϶Ƿų
ѩԽԽ󣬱ϵĻѩҲԽԽһŲȥֱûȡôķѩ÷ܴ󣬿һ˫ºʹûͣر¶ô͵ıԭסҪķѸڰʮСʱͣת䵹ҲϣеĻҪһ϶Ҫ߶ʱʲô鷳¾͵Զˡ
ȥҲǰ취ٶʵ̫ˡ
ʱһ˺ڰ޿ռؿޣһʵͺӴӦûʲôɣ˵ѩʲôء
һЦͣռָ߰ĲϺܶ࣬һݷﾪĿһģѩȻǺͣ˵ײһƬ⻬Ľһ׵ӣӶѡ
򿪺ڰԪռ䣬޸˳ȴЩһֱԳ˯˯СϻСҲų˳ִ࣬Щħûа׳
Сһһᣬڿôö棬⺮ıԭϣƺһ㶼䣬ѩ˶Ȧһߡ
ǿ޸ճʱɪһ£ٺܲϰôô˵ҲֻSSĳħޣתۼָˡ
һ´ѩһȴòӣգۼͱһСɽһ㣬͡
һ⣬ѵǴ˵еSSޣݷɴ۾ŵʵ
ǿޣҵĳɡһЦSSħϿҲֻһһ˰ɡ
衭ݷûιȥƵĿһ
ˣôݵĿңҲ֪ƤһܱġһٺЦݷѩϣСҲС˽ʵһһû뵽̰ԹˣSħ޲еѵ˵СҲһֻSħޣƺһ㣬ҲһֻBмħ޵ӡ
һ㱼ѩɳ۵糸Զȥ
оɡһЦʡ
ݷֵܲظСƤëͷһţ˿͸㵽׻жܰ
ҵܶأҪˡһЦ
ݷһ죬۾ϲɫʣһ뵽Լղǻƺаʾζ棬ֻøЦΡ
ѩ·ˣһľûиоκļ
ϰɡһŻе˫һѾˣɫԽԽ԰ף͸ＴĻһһ
ͻȻһŵľȻһ𣬶ҲɲǼͣһݷﻳеСҲ졣
ϣһݷ뾪һѩ鼴˷ܡ
һʮڿз͵İ׹⣬һҲûзǰ浽ʲôܸоԷ޵䲻ܿ϶ǲϣһɲҵģ֪ܲ˶ӻһֻҲԲС
ʱƵСҲŴ
Ȼ濪ʼԽֱңһѷӱѿ΢Ĺһž޴ͣǿֲ
һһֱ˫һݷƮ˿Уݺύѵòӵıѩ㣬һͷð亹
ֹͣˣԶĺڰϸСâٳһ
ÿɰݷﾪһֻƴСտ۾Ƥëѩ׵
ڿǳǰֻѩԵôСƺһŲȥһࡣȴСǵسѹȥ
ֻֻѩ˼±ܿѹȣٶȵޱȡ
ⶫòһֻѩ뵽ʼԼĹħ޽ܵ鼮
ѩһͻȻȵشһ


101 аһ


ѩôûݷʵ
Ǵ˵еϵħޣϵħˮϵħٶȿ켲磬˵ѩʩϵ䡣һص֪ǰֻѩûг꣬ƾʱѵƾУͿ֪ûҲѶԸ
ݷﾪһԭΪԼڲ½ĴҲǼʶˣһߣδŵĶĿɿڴһȫħʣħȾһ㣬˵çԭľϲ죬ֿһSSħ޳ֻϵķѩ֪滹ʲô
ѩΧſ׸ȥʱ֨֨һ£ÿޱȴް취Сһĺܣǲ뿹
Ȼһ޵һ˿⣬ݷӶȥֻոջŴѩͻȻܲ¡¡ѩļڴҲֻħܹɡ
ԽѹԽͣҴܣҪһ㡣Ȼ䣬ռƺ𵴣ＸʮͻȻ׶£ܼؽѩڡ
ѩ¶֮ɫССӻΪһ׹ܼơıСȫŭˣʮֽżʮ磬Ҫɽ̼
֨֨ѩɵİ׹ͻȻһ١һִֵţ֨֨ʹŵѩϣ񹫷ŹĻᡣŵһһڷѩϡ
ݷﾪһ¶֮ɫֻɰķѩѾˡΪһҲôģʮӦû˻ܻɣԼԣǱһˮͰֵġ
һºϵƷٵɢȥƮ˴ѩ
֨֨һΪɵķѩȻӵϴ׵ƤëһƬϻð̣ʱŭضԿϿʼɢǿҵħ
ֻѩâһ޴ıӱϷ𣬶ҿʼɻڴתһγ޴ĺ磬ӲͬطХϮ˿ޣ֮ݲɵѩͨͨ˽ȥǱȥ»ᱻתľ޴ĥ÷顣
һϵӴٴǴ󼸷֣ȫµ⼱һŴִĵγһԲεĻֻ֡޴ײ˵ϣĥֱѪ
ֻӴȻһ¶ʹ֮ɫӦǳ˵
һݷƮԶŷѩųĺ˼Ȼˮϵħͷϵħں϶ɵħƾǽһġڲ֪ԭħ֮侹ȻҲ໥ںϣ֮
ʱֻħ޵֮սʱڣħѸġһһתɺٺټЦ
Цʲôݷֵʵ
˵ҰֻСץòãһЦ
ôץݷ¶֮ɫôһڿɰĳҸιȥ
㿴ŰȥץһʮЦֻħ޵ħƴѵ˹ؼʱ̣ڱһƹӻֵ
һĿһѩľ롣ϢʱԵǰİϢʱ㹻ˡһתŵףһڿлóһŲӰֱ˷ѩ
ѩһĶȥħܣҪ֪ҲǶħޣħķɿҪءССӰһζһץش֣֨֨
ץ˼ζûץԣһ÷Ѿˣһǿľ£ѩһֱͦصȥһһ׽ʱȻֹͣתͱ৵һ´Ӹ߿յ£㽫޸ˡ
ѩһֱ֨֨Уڿյ׽ס
˭ôšһЦָһԴ
һץס˷ѩݷС˹ϲؿһеСһȻƤë޸罹ˣǻ۾Իıȴ൱ϲ
СһԺˣҪĻ֪𣿡һŷѩͷתݷҲĶ
֨֨ѩƴҡҡͷƺ
ݷЩʧ䣬ԸˣôҲƲס
⵽һ⡣һʱһֻС״ܵһűߣƺͦƣڱӡ
һͻȻ뵽ֹϵѪԼĳѩĵȼӦòȿ޲ǲҲѪַأ
ħ֮ӦÿԽɣһп޸߷ѩݷΪˡ޿һĻһȴ֪޵Ļֻܸо
Ȼ޳ŷѩѩȻƴҡͷȻǲԸʹ˳Ϊ͡
СͬСJJ˿ιԼԡһЦ֪ͨޡ
ѩ֨֨ŭţȻҡСԴ
һʱһСһԸ̫Ҳ𣿻СJJͱڻβһؽѩתˣڰëһңʹķԭֻĸģѹֲ±ˡ
ٸͬͽëι⣬ҼֻּˡһٺٹЦͻȻԼа
Ȼѩ˿׵תʼȫЦ߹ŵ幫ܱЩͼأһŭڻˡ
ȡݷһѪѩտ۾һĹâѪѪâͻȻ֮һΪûݷͷѩü䡣
Ѫɣһ˶ԷѩľСһƵݷĻУһСĥӰ
ʱѩϵĽڵëʼ䣬ܿ㳤һµѩ۵ëտ۾ͻȻ˺ɫƵһһȴֲĵȼһӱ㽵ࡣ
ݷóǿĹһΪ֤ʵеĲ²ݷ
ݷͷԷѩ
ѩâһһżҺ״ر֮һϮ
һһû뵽СһﱨľȻôǿҲһȥһеײȥǱ֮Ȼһ÷תȥɲʱķѩɱ
һѩ㵽ݷĻС
һôĹôˣݷɻʵղСһ﷢غǺεȵֿôֻʩųһĸ߼ħ
Ҳ֪׸ôûбأѵƷ⣿һü
ûϵˣҼˡݷЦḧŷѩոƤë


102 


ݷ֪ЦݹһЦЦһ֪ŮǺܿɰġ
ݷȡְɡһЦ
ݷ룬˵ôףǸŮӣͽСѩɡ
ŮӣһݸȤ㿴װͰ͵ŮӰֻһŶѡ
Ųأ㿴ǼСѩƯݷﷴСѪĸоҪΪ滤
һݷﻳСѩͻȻ۾һСڱԭ֪Ҳ˵ٻ˵Ǻھӣȥͨһ»ö־ȡϵѪҺˣһݷСѩӦ֪ǵģȥҡ
ݷһôпܣ˼Сѩ
СѩС۾գգͻȻݷĻд˳ȥһ·ͷ֨֨
ߣӦ֪һЩ
˿޵ѩСѩڱԭա߰졣һ˶ͷתˣڻȥһҲԭسڡ
һǲˣǰҶڱԭȦ档һߵʵ̫ˣۿʱһһȥ˫ҲԽԽ;һֻ˶Ӳֻ˯ȥ˵һһʧȴΪ
أҸоСѩϡ˵Ϳҵˡݷһ𣬼æǰο֪Ϊ˫⼸Ƣǳá
ϣˡܵȣ˫ȴûʱˡһŻбޱý˫̾һ
ǼҰɡݷüĿ֮ƣ
һݷЩ㾴ɫ⼸̬ȣӿһǸΣΪ˾ҵϣѾûϢˡ⼸ݷﴦǨʱƲסƢҲ⣬οЩ
ˡӪϢɡһݷ
ЩÿӪϢʱݷﶼ̫Ľһشϲߣÿζ˯˯ž˯һĻȥˡ
εãһϴֱһȥˣ̫ˣûһ磬һбŮ
ɾʱһǵСѩͻȻ֨֨һֱУɫ۾ͣشת
˯ݷﾪѹæӴһСѩӦϵϢǸϿɡ
СѩĴ£һݷֿʼڱԭϿ񱼡
Ȼ䣬СѩͣԭزͣתȦʱسݷıƺЩ⣬Ƶġ
һݷһãȻ⸽ϵӰӰһ㶼ûС
һüͷһ壬ɫһѽСѩץָ˵СԴ޺޵СһıǲǣŲ̽ȡ
һݷһ䣬һؽСѩ·ˡ
Сѩƺһɢɱˣɪɪ
ݷһ̾һСѩ˹ȥе˫Щʹ࣬µѾȥˣҲϣ˫ҪˣܽܵĽ
һҲһεˣϧ͸һҲΪܽϵȥ
һӣݷһۣ̲סСѩ޶˵ˣǡСѩһίı飬֨֨˵ʲôκԲͨݷ˵Щʲôֻ֪ھ÷ǳί
ʱСѩͻȻݷĻдܳʮлǰһѩء
ѵϾ棿ݷﰵ
һʰЩ飬СѩʱֵĶҲЩɻĪϾôоһϢأ뵽ڱԭϿSSSħ޶޷Կǿ֮Լ޷ĲӦҲǱȽ顣СѩͬΪԭħޣ֮˵ʵĳظӦ
Ҿһءһĵճ֣תһӡСѩĵط
һѩ̻ղǵطѱһһӣʲϰëһ
ʱһͻȻֱԱһĨӨڰĻпܵǺâˣںҹзĶ϶Ǳ顣
һæ˹ȥСɨмһָֻ׸ǴСȫ¾Ө͸ıڱһƺаɫҺš
Ǿʹ˵еıԭǿϣһŵ
ݷҲ˹ֻǳƯСӵôСѵǲϱ
һҲôпܣ¶ʱ˷û뵽ôãֻСûʲô˫оˡ
һֻСϣ˭֪սӴƤһ̹ǵر䴫һĴ־ȻʼָʼѸ쵽󡣽űֱۡٽһͻе˫˱
һһ˲þԼѪҺƺסˣ֮¼޶Ҫӻܾܵס˫ôܵ׶Ĵ̹ǵĺһȴͽͣصҲˣȻתûıһʶܿģˡ
ݷһסˣ춼ûжļ֮²÷˶һϵغرոսӴһϵĺȻֺһһҲ˴ɱСѩͿתǵ˴תҹڽӽ
ʱոջһСͻȻ䶯ֻһϵĴֿʼȻתһ˱ס˫ͷϣһӱ˷ֻϹâһССӾȻƿ˫üĴ˽ȥ
ס˾һرԭĶܿ죬׷ѩͲཫڸˣעĻͲ֪ˡ
ѩ֪ͣˣ߾ȻһĨǰף˵ϾҪˣҹѾȥ
̫ˣԭȵޱ޼ʵĴ羹Եñ㷴γһƬƬĿİ׹⣬еĵطȴʺһ޶Ŀõıԭһֹɫʡ
ͻȻ֮䣬濪ʼƺʲôӱ϶Զı濪ʼѿԱ߻ȥһӨ͸ۼĹȽȽɢ譲ӵĹâ
ȫĺͨûһ˿ʣֱͯˮ˭û뵽ڱԭϾȻôһĹ
ֹͣ𶯣һ缴ƽ
ûκԤףǵžͼĴϢؿˣʵıУһŽ׻װŮӴӯηǳǰ͹̣·ڣҡקˣȴʲ壬һͷѩ׵ķ˿رעĿûʣһС
⹬װŮһ粨һȴѳѩǰע˺ðΣ૵⣬Ī⣡С̡ǳö
Ҳ֪˶ãһĽëͻȻϮȻЩ۾תһȦȵķԼһӨ͸طȴûио䣬෴еů⡣
ôһַ̧סͷðβԼǱСϸסˣȻһƬڰ
˫˫أһԼпտյģŷֱһ·ԭ˫ȻˣʱΣʱһײײȥ
ʱһƢ紵һһͷ׷ʲعװŮһǰ档һʶؾһ˹ȥŮȴһһƷʯ󺣰ûһ˿
ѰаŮģû¡Ůö紺棬գۼ佫һеı֮Ρ
һһ뵽ӦŮӾǡɶԼ³çΪеǸղһʱ鼱еûлСľ֮
С㣿װŮӾ׽֣Ư۾¶һ˿Ц⡣
ʲôطһñĽо紦һλһ㣬ʵӵеġ
ǱװŮӴδ͡
ʵ̫ˣѵǱѩŮĹһ̾ڱѩŮǰͯϵһòǸȽа
װŮ۾ȴûлش
Ŷˣ͵ҵλͬһװŮӲҲ⣬ֻ֪ݷ˫ģôˣ
λаĹһصطѹϵ䣬λ·ĹĸڣʱҪЩѹװʼնûиı
һͷͻȻ۾ֱŹװŮˣе˵ھǵʱûпһֻССıϣ˫ҪѪҺܽ䡣
װŮҡҡͷûС
һʱһйò׵ĵһֱֻˣ˫ô죿ʵڲ˰
ҵа취ϵ䡣װŮͻȻ
ʲôа취ǰס˹װŮӵ֡
װŮ˲δжķӦֻǵĽֳ
ԲʧˣȾ˫ɡһ˺ǸΪ˫ڶˣһޱ
ԾһװŮӵ
ʲôԣֻҪܽϵаһæ
ʵҲǶѵҪұ£ֻкôġװŮƺЦЦһ˿ɲһʵ˫ڣа֮
һһ㶣صŮɲ⣬ħǶ˫дħʦʵõŮ𣿲ȷ
װŮӵ
ͬ⣬ؼҪ˫ͬ⡣һ
ֻҪͬˣһܾġװŮŵ
ȵȵ˫˱ǲǾҪԶһͻȻ⣬ɲһ°ԼŮ˵ȻǸԼˡ
ģ꣬һȥġװŮӵ
ꣿ᲻̫˵㣬ôһɲ˫ֿ֮á
װŮҡҡͷУꡣ
һתֻɣֲǲˣסˣԺӿɻء
ҿĴιһ°ɡһʵ
װŮӵͷ
סɣһ֮Ķ֤ͨһ
òţ֮ûκˣĲι۰ɡװŮ˵һʧԭء
һ㶣һôһ˾ѹôˡ


103 Ů


ݷﾲڴϣɫЩ԰ףҶüһƺǳǡ
һڱ£ַԼĴߣ͵˫оˣЩллͰο
˯еݷƺһĻüչðȶƽһ̲סḧݷ⻬գĦţǧĶͷӡһǡ
ճյݷĽգһǰʼһģ˿̣ģ¶櫵һŸǰǻŭ߻ϲʵǽģ̺졣
ĺһʣһʱ䣬ɫɫŮ߹еĲеȴѿΪˣΪ屾ĻĳЩʣԸҲת䣬Щ飬ȴԲ顣˿̣ģ¶櫣˫ĸŮǺһߵһ
ݷɵѾͷҪĸԭðգ࣬һʬԭŮҪĻǻǲġ
ݷһʱҲһƹĴתתܲڳһʲôܡΪһж̫ˣرصŮӣһҿصɴ浽ʲô
ȻǹװŮ˵յûһˣĿ֮˱Ҳûˣ֮ľݽñ̶ɣһҿ϶صı϶йԻͲõӡ
һһȣһǰȻһƬƽ̹ı棬ӦÿԽ㳡ɣһ˴Сıûκζ
ƯˣĪǴ˵еıѩŮ񣿡һű̾һŮӵĵŻۣͷڡָ߾һķȣȻٵ̵ЩģǸ߹ŵȴɡ
һߵߣϵȥһȴָո̧ͱܵظеΣաȻ˻һֱ߲
һͷһͼصĹװŮӲ֪ʱ˵۾δɢŭ
ʲô֪˵𣿡һһ㣬־Ҫ̴ˡ
Ůĵ۵أƾһһζҲװŮ䵭ƺһղŵΪΪ
һĿһ裬ʮװŮڵһƵһҪһΣ
ǵӦɣ㿴ߡ̵ôİɡһаЦ
󵨡װŮӲᡣɢɱ
һӹװŮ˵ŭĿ󵰣ô֪ҵĵܴĪ͵
װŮӼһŭðһִһƬһȥ
һٺһЦһ㵽˵ĺ棬Ů˶ôŽӦòٹ˰ɡʵصŮ˾֮Ļмģոʵᣬһ˵ˡ
ȻװŮӼһԵڻ㲻Ҳƹֻԭŭ޲һڽƵġ
ιû˸ʵҲͦζġһͻȻЦ
װŮһ㶣һͻȻð仰סˣŭ𲻾侹ʧӰ٣ӦҪȴˡ
ɣŮص䶫ôԡװŮӶһ
һע⵽װŮʱܳ羴Щ΢˿ʱ顣ô⹬װŮӦòˣӦþֻ֪˵ȥˣ
һͷðɣҾͲˡ
װŮҡҡͷСӣѳƵġ
һ𲽳װŮ߹ȥʱͻȻ󴫴޵һͣ½Ųȥ
ոתͷһͼһӰǰŭں׷ϣСѩСǿˡ
ʱװŮӿֻŵؾһȵ
һͷŷԭСѩСȻܵȥˣ֨֨ź׷Ŀ죬װŮȴˣŭҪ˺˵һʱ侹޴롣
⡣һСѩ¿ŭس̲ס㣬Ů˻ԼƴҪ֪˫ء
һֹǲֻǬŲͬǰ棬ⱩŭеĿ޽ײˡǰһɲ
ҪʱװŮ˾ֵشһ
һֻһ磬бһŮĵֱֱһ¾ʶǰһֹסˤ䣬ǳסˣֻǳŵõطǵ˶ظ


104 ּˮ


һŮĵ˿ͦθʵ壬ﲻɿĵ룬ظĻָп϶һǲ֪˰ŮǷôΰ
ū澸ū澸װŮӾֵعǰſڵһҲҶ
һ𾪵װŮĵﲻֹͣҲʵ̫˰ɣֲʲôŮŮ˶һ̿ˡ̫ˡ
Ůȷʲôһ˶ĵҲ³Ҳòȥһﲻ뵽޶˶νŮ
װŮӹڵϹãʼֹһݺݵسһһۡ
ι㣬ղŻ᲻̫ˣɶŮû⡭һĹװŮ˵
㶮ʲôװŮͻȻͣתýһղסײȥ
ǱصģǵȻǲҲŮǲǳŰ㰡ҪȻôһʼ˵
ٺ˵˵Ҿ͸ͷװŮ
ͷ̫˰ɣͬҵҲͬġһٺЦһҲ⹬װŮӵвӸոտҲɫѡ
װŮԲһ㶣ʵΪʲô
˵ϴŮҲ֪ˡһЦȻŮ˵ͣƾľ飬ԻǸδĹŮ
װŮӲ֪ϴŮʲô˼һȻʲôôʣǱһ
˴㣬ҿɲȥ˫ûһ治ϰ߰һ˵ĵҲʵû˫ĽܾЩ䣬˫ϵζ
װŮӵͷ̾һ˵һλͬҲˣǾһȥ˫ɣ֮Ҳ뿪ˣرյʱҲ쵽ˡ
ô죿ǲǿӲҪҲˡ硭һԹװŮӵ
УǱ뿪ˣ㲻õģ֮һȥġװŮӴһĻкء
꣬ҲգνСʤ»顣ҵĹ˫̫˼ңʱ˼ͲˡһЦ
װŮҲһ˿Ц⣬һﵹͦᰲοԼ
װŮӺһȥʱݷȻˣСѩͿ޲֪ʲôʱصߡ
ݷһϲر˹һĻУŽס
ûˣǶûˡҪˡһݷΪ۱Ů˰жôǿʱͻô͸ҪǮƵĶʡ
ݷ̧ͷḧһ꿡ϣͻȻǧһлл㡣
һݷ׺ö˶˵лʲô
лл㻹ţллûжһˡлл㡣ݷɵĴ۾һеİмڵı¶
ɵѾͷô˵ôɿػĸж˫ַݷϣ˵ӦҸлŶԣллԭðգллҵƢ벻Улл㰮ҡ
ӶЦһ̣֮Ľܱ˴ˣΪİˡ
װŮһݷ̽ɻ૵໥˵Ļǰ𣿲ƺͦġ
ʱһͻȻûм̰ԵСʵСأֻڰ׵ϻ
ݷҡҡͷֻСѩͿޡ
ڰ׵ϻҷǵʱԱֻֻѩֻޣûпħޡװŮӻش
һü˵ˣӦ⸽ȥ˫ɡ
ŹװŮеһֻ˼ɬͼ׹һͻȻһâǷ
һһ㶣ħʧĶϴʧ֮ǵĺڰռһΣû뵽صıҲС
һݷŹװṲ̊ħڣֻǰһڣѳһܷı֮У֮һ͸ˮף˫С
⡭һЩˣ뵱ʧ֮ǳ﷢˫ʱҲˮǹģֻǲ֪ΪʲôҲУˮӦþѹ˫ϵаıˡ
ƺһɻ󣬹װŮӽ͵ˮ׵Ĳϲڱԭǧ֮ıУʱ֮ã겻ҶаƵãûпѹסа䣬ҪȻŲڣֱֻֻ꣬ѹƶ¡
һԹװŮӲɴΪصŮ˵ȷмֱ¡
㣬ˮֻǱ𣿡һʵ
ǵȻǱûڱԭҵǧµı󣬸˵еıˡװŮӱΪԺ
ûУ֪ʧǾһһģһˮסһЦ
ʧ֮ǣû˵ǲܵģбڲ½˱ԭ֮ﶼûСװŮնƴ뵽ʲôʼ˼˼ӺֵˣҼǵñмڶǧǰһˮ׸һʲôʥǵĳʥǿ𣿡
ʥǣǰɣ˵ںܾ֮ǰڰ֮ˣѱһǣǶʧ֮ǡһ˵
ڰ֮񣿡װŮ૵ˮڵ˫˼ͻȻ˫ˮųİɣѹ֣аҲֻС
һȵŹװŮӣŮ˻ͦô뵽˫ȥˣ˫֮ǰˮģֻҵʱ֪㣬˵˫ڵаǺڰ֮ʩŵģʲô֮񣬺ڰ֮񣿡
װŮҡҡͷЦֻǴ˵ˣû˭Ҳ֪
ոյ˼˵˫ϵаǺڰ֮ʩŵ𣿡һɵŹװŮӡ
Ҹ˵˼ŷڰ֮֯ڼǧǰڰ֮ͽ඼һЩ֮װŮӽ͵
һͷɻ˵ùȥûٶˡݷߵˮǰ˫˯գﲻɸпǧʧǵˮｫȳû¸겻ɻһģһˮղŹװŮӵĻʧ֮ǵĳͱвǳĹϵҪȻôˮ͸ڤڤ֮⣬֪˫ٶֻʲô龰أ
㣬ҿˮ׸úø𡣡һԹװŮӵ
ԣʱ䲻ûʲô⡣װŮӵһֽˮ
ʱװŮߵһǽģǽϢسһţһ䣬һ֮͹ɣסҪ̫ˡ
һҲȥˣ˫˵ỰɡݷﳯһһЦŹװŮӽһ䡣


105 Ů


һˮأϰߵ˫ͷ㷢˳ԺźദʱĵεΡ̶ˮʱ־ޣԼӦ뵽ӦһͲĻ¶ʱ˫Ҳͬܵޡ
ʱӦݺݵԼɣһǲ΢΢һЦ
˫ҵСǾҪֿˣһҪңǧңҲġһ˫Ħš
ô˫ðΣһķ۴ӡһǣ̾һֱԥһͳһ״С͹ϵģһֲ֪Ľɣ⻬񣬶յһ̫ӶȽȽǶΪճ˼
һ׹ȡ£˫ϣҸĶǧŪˡ
ٴؿ˿˫һתȥ
װŮӽһݷ͵˱⣬˵ѩὫǴԭģԲõ·ϣǻټĻᡣ
һ˻Ц㣬ȷǻټġУһġ
СӣװŮӵһЦͻȻ֮Щʧ䣬ڱ¶̫ˣһһ֣Ϊر˼ת˱ȴڰɫĺлպϡȻͻȻʼ³ȥñû£ƽƺֻһþûϴڹ
һݷһУζûлعһĺĹôʧǰ
һ˵Ǹոǲΰݷɵɵһ
Ҳĸо벻ΣΪҵĻû˫һį̾һ
ݷץסһĴ֣ʱܿȥģʱ˫һĵزˡ
һݷƵ㷢Ц߰ɣԭ治˴ĵط
šݷͷ֪ͨСѩǳԭ
ʱһ󻢺Сǰڰ׵ػٳһܹͻöͨѩ׵عӡ
СֵĹӷһؽűߣֺõҡβ͡
ԭСȥҶˣóԹһЦʰϵĹӣ̸еǷڱԭôϿĻضôͨĶأ治֪Сջڳء
֪ʲô𣿡һʵ
ݷҡҡͷ֪û˵ԭϻ᳤ֹӡ
һСԲĶӣǳ˲٣Ƥëø⻬һЩһһ׵۾øӹһЩûʲô仯
һöѩ׵Ĺӽ˿ռָȥʾŮ⵽ʲôȻСƺûʲô飬˭Ҳܱ֤ⶫ˳֮ʲô
ˣˣǳһһӣ˫˶ƺ˼
ʮһݷԭһϡԶףʮִӣƽʱһ굽ͷҲѵһοˣһʱľȻȫˣÿҶݷһ͸õĶԴʾǶԿ˵Ļӭرǵ˵˫زʱ׷׳ıߣȻûʲôʵЧȺÿ͵ȴһ˼Ϊ̵ӡмд֣湴ĶǣıʵһԴ
һݷﵽСϵǷ׷شкΧʳʶ̣ϴزĸоȵʱ򶼲ɷ׷ϲЦտĵΪеˣԼزҽһ
С簡ǲǵʲô˰ЩװͰ͵Ů˵ǡʱһλ߶һ
ǰǰŮ˺͵ÿˮ飬ֻ׵øֻĸϻһһСЦ
Ӱ˼ҹƯֱ˼ҿһ˴Ȥ
кӵǺ˼ҿûУ˵ôҲſأȵδŵϱ
ݷһһۣʵǳʲôﰡ
ǸӺܸߣӣƯ·ȿֺش
ǵʲôģݷķȥЩǱϸʵ
ƯûƯɵɵòĳƯͲƯûĴʻˡ
һЦЦʵû˵ʲôΪʲôǣ
룬еˣˣҼǵ˵ʲôС㣬ʲôʲôҵġ
ݷһ⻰Կ϶ǵĿ϶ݷߵŮ
ǿ϶Ϊȥģôһε˳һ켱ˡһݷ
ݷһЩĬ˵ȻǽǴŸסҲ뿪㡣
ʱȺ˴еС磬ŮˣҪҪһǰǵһǷ׷׸ϣһǸж
ллҵغ⣬ǲ鷳Ҳõġݷ˵
ǣ˼ŮԼС㣬һ
С㣬ôô³çȥԭ켱ˣ߸ϹӦþҪˡһŮݷһ
֪ˣԼ׽ءݷﵭ
һڹǾͲݷߵŮƺݷôأ˵ָʹӡǰʲôݷŮˣܲü˫ĿŮ
Ůɫһףһɱڷ˼ܷܾʹ˰ݣһΣһϳһѾ޽һһȡ
ʲôҵɷǵĹүǾҶ֡ݷغȵ
ûоͬ⣬ǾϡýŮ޽ֱָһĶķ档һ÷ȵŮʼѵѵһǾԲݵġ
һٺЦЦеɱԽԽŨأССŮ˵ţǾ˼úùܽǣ֪ŮӦŮﵽͷϵ³Ƕôıҡ
һʦһħʦһֻааһЦͻȻƾʧڿУһѾŴħʦʵŮǰŮһ̷ųӡķ磬ŮѾٽϡ
Ҫ֪ͨķһЧģ뵱˿ʩŵʥ綼ͻƣοŮϵİ˼ϵ硣
һЦһֺͣشϵ磬ŮĲϣŮȻ˻
ʱŮľ޽ѻĽâֱֱһһ˱ʵ˿϶Ҫһˡ̶ֳȶܻһɴҿ鶹ײˡ
һͷҲأһֻް㴩âָŮϣһŮƺһо޽һ˵ϣһþסŮٺһЦ̽һͲ½ģŮ
һŹġŮ
һааһЦҿžžݺݸŮĹŮѩ׵ļ϶ʱָӡҲѪ˿һ㲻Ů˵ģȴδǰʱ
㡭С㡭ŮûϵһҴǣпʼˮתͷݷ
һ˰ɣ׵Ůֻһ˵ĻġݷЩ̵
һڰֵУ˵һȽСģѵһʲ
ݷһͷû˵ɵվְߡ
һЦŶŮ֪СˣղôͲСĻأ
㵽ʲôһŮֵ
ʲôôһŮıְǼʹδĸҲûУýѵѵһٺЦ۾һתͻȻͷŮҲˣϵĽѵˣ⾫ϵĽѵǲҲһأ
ӣ˵ƯƯһת˵
ƯƯҿ϶᲻ô򣬲ŮﲻͲЦ
Ұ͸ôһʵ
ң㡭
Ǳ죬ٳͰϵ·ѹˡһ
Ůŵòٳ˵죬˵Ļô˫Ŀӵһѵֿ챨ǲ᳤ԡ
С磬ҿɲңҪδŵϱǽɱ˲ɡһµһЦ
С磬ӲҪҪȱůʹ񡣡ʱһȺд
ŮѰȥʱ˫һף˹ȥ


106 ˼1


λǳ̫иˣһݷһҲûϸˤΪһĸߴľ޺ʵ͸һʮСߣëŨֻ۾ֻײڣҲ죬бݱͻ촽ϲϡ
ܳҲĽˣѹŮһ̻֮˹ȥ
ȻһľͽŮǿ͸ŵģֻǶѣҪȻݷֽҲǺ¡
Ůѹʱǻ谵ĵƹ⣬һ伫Ϊªķ䣬ǾķԼϾȻŴϲƺͣѵǸ쵰ҪǼ޸Ǹ󵽼ĹŮشԸȥ
ȷʵϯģϲƣһмСȺÿ͵ǣǮȫ˶һ١
һŮľһЦزǣүǰš
ʱҲˣһƿ˽ȥŮɪɪڴǣǱŻˡ
Ǵϲˡ˽ǾǱ˵ˣҲɷˣƢɲǺܺãǲ³ʮֱҵءһٺЦһа
ŮһԽ
ǾҲ衣һŮ֮ɫ
ǣ֮һὫǵ·ѹνʾڣСʼһ·ǡԸհһǵķɡһΪĵЦȴа̺Ľϴ
㡭㲻ˡŮһ͸ħһðǵľ񶼿Ҫˡ
ԼС㶼ū˵ôһ㣬ôѡ˻ڷɱһһյ˵
ŮĬˣãһԲŮ̧ͷ֪ˣͷŹǰɡ
Ŷ֪𣿡һЦʵû뵽ôͷΪǻҪӲһء
ǲöС͹үأ֪ˣдŹǰɡŮͷ
֪ˣôҪƵأЩ°һЦע⵽Ůĺ⡣
㵽ôŮҲܲ˵ش
һվ⡣ת˳ȥʱҲˣ붴ʱˡ
ߣȵȡһŮŴӴܴһǰ档ƺ쵽˱ıԵ
ŹǰɣҪôСŮһ
Źǣ⵹ǿԿһ¡λú̫ⰡһüŮ
үǸɣѵԸ޸ǡǸˣڵϵŮתͷŮ
ҧҧ߹ֱֱһǰүֻҪǼ޸ǸˣԸκ顣
κ飿һζЦЦֻṴŮ°Цʡ
Ůһ죬ͷһռҲȼ޸ǸҪǿöࡣ
һٺһЦŮĵǰѹүҿ̫ûƷ˰ɣǣů
⻰ЩˣŮһ԰ףûιȥӿǿҵܣ⻰һͱǵӹݡ
ˣϴ̬ãξͷŹǣϣҪ´ΣҪȻǾͻ֪ʲôζһ³һŮһ񼴺η
ڶһ磬һݷͬŮȫǵػˣĿһݷĿǡ
ʱֿʼƮѩʱһΪ˫زѩԹΪʲôҪôѩʱһɣľͲһˣһ·ϺݷԼֻòֺ
Ȼ棬ٶȻǱʱ࣬ʮ˿ǡ
õһɢһŴϣֻ۾ڶǸһϴֻжʮ߰ˣŽãıݷй֮޲SһֱޣǺݷм񡣴ʱһдŭû˭ô޼ɵĶ
һ
δĸȿˣһͻȻɢЦݣվһŵĹڣɫǵķˣû̷˷
δ¶ȵı飬Ϊ˼ļͿһɢЦݵһȻĹֹһСģδشһĻֱʵռΪϡ٣ڿ۹ֻл֪뵱ʵʲôϵ
һʼЦûϵҺһϵûУõĽŮ޸֮йϵˡ


107 ˼2


Ժâһȴ޵Цݣ΢ЦŶǷǳ˻׹ݣҼҷɸʲϰ
סݷһۼһֱʹ۽ǡ
㡭
죬Һ˵ֵõ졣һͻȻĻȵ
ݷﱻһͻȻĺŵһʱȴԼգۣһ
˼ݷԹԵվһ߲˵ŭֱðСӲ̨ʣڿŮѶǧ˳ˣͻȻЩģ˶ʮŮҪ˸ȥˡ
һӦҲ֪Ƿ˼Ĺ࣬ȢǼҷͱͱŮһϣұ׸Ƿ˼壬ҪȻ̸˼̬ǿӲѵһ߻мŮˣ˼Ǿ֣֮ǾὫݷ޸ġ
ˣʵʵ˵ˣݷѾҵŮˣǣҲǣκ˴븶ۡһ˿õţ赭дػ˴ӿѹ
Ǹ߻ǸߣǸͱ˼Ȼݷ
סһݷһףΪѡ
һвһղԼڳ嶯Щݷ˼֮ˡ˵˼ؾݷףܲԸһԸɡ
һ̾һԷ˼˼£ոһʱ嶯Ҫſݷ޸ң
ղѾ˵ˣһǺŮ˶Ͼϵ׸Ƿ˼塣˼һ̬Ҳ͡ʵڲ򵥣Ҳ˸˼һǿУҲ֪ĸ塣
ˣʵЩǿѣǲҵŮ˵ģ·ҲῴҰɣɲԻһЦ
˼ͷȷһôĻҲὫݷ޸ģָıҵ
Ů󽹼񣬷˼Ĭس˼ʱˣСѩͻȻΪһ׹ݷĻУСҲƨߵߵظ˽
˼һֵֻħޣͻȻְ̧ź촽һظһĿѣԣ츾ȷǼƷ뾫Ůеһƴˡ
ǷѩͿޡ˼ŵֻ˵еĳħô
˺ֻҵĳѩǷġһЦδĸǵһСղſ˳۶ˡ
ףСѩһڱԭ׽͸ҵģܿɰɡݷﵱ˵ϣԽһǿ󣬱ϾǿԶصġ
˼ͷƺתʲôһǿȷ󣬲ʵҪ⣬һֻSSؿޡܸĹأ
ڱԭʮ֮ã˼ͻȻʵ
ġݷＱæ
ԭ¶ȼͣз£ƾʲôڱԭϼôã˼ʵĿϬޱȡ
˵ˣ˲ԲһԣҾһӶһ⡣һȻĻв
ûһزʵ˵ǴȥԭΪϾһλ֪ҵûУλںη
ҵˣˣ˫󣬱еһλȣڱءһ
˼ȫһʧе
ѽףҲ֪𣿡ݷʵ
ңǱʲôģ˼ûлشŮػǼʵ
ݷ㽫ڱȫһʮظס
ûûǱѩ˼૵һʧǵӡ
ѩһݷԭǱѩ˼ƺǱѩͷ˼ʲôĹϵ
ã˼ҷŻعɫָƽʵڱѩûмѩŮ
ѩŮǱһλװĽûˣҲ֪ǲǱѩŮݷǺѵģ֮ǰһʲô֪
ŮûУֻһŮ񡣡һ
˼ʧ˺һŶһ㲻ȢֻҪһҾͬ޸㡣
ʲô£һʵڹҪȻǧѵ顣
ҵѩŮȻɱ˼һһɢǿҵسޡ
ʲôʲôЦһǷҵʲôѩŮɱѩŮôɱ𣿹ǹװŮӾ͹һģ˫ڻ˱£ⲻҲǿ
㿴ڿЦ𣿡˼
ȻǱʵһǿˣȥɱȥ𣿡һԱߵĲţڣǧδˣ˼ͲʮѵǱѩŮж֮ޣ
⵹Ҳǣ㲻̫ǱѩŮĶ֣ɱҲУҵĺ裬ʧȥŮ֮˼ﲻݣϾҲһĨΡ
ˡһеĲֱ磬ûɣδĸ˵ʲôˣȥǿѩŮ⡭ǲӽˮˡ
ף˵ʲôݷû뵽һ򶼺׾Ȼ˵ֻȻһȥס
˼һƽѩŮ뱣дŮ֮Ѵ֮ΪһͻṦʧ
һŷ˼ǳ޵񣬿ЦˣѵͱѩŮôĳޣ
Ƿ˼ͱƲǷ˼һУҪǧ򱶷˼޵ЩŤ޻ͨĳޡ
Ҳ֪Ƿ˼ͱѩʲôڣˡѴ˿޳ܣ޳ֵܵزһҡҡͷҵ˱ѩŮסҲʱڷԸ״̬һΣ鷳һֱѰλȥҲǽʱˡ
ݷͶּᶨһͬôῴȻȴԭԷǳǿˣ壬ͿԿ
˼һЩ޳ܣǱѩ޳ܣҪȻǷ˼ô䵽˵ز
һһ㶣˼ôˣڲ½Ĵ壬ʵҲܲǣ⻹䣿ݷҲס
Ѿˣ𲻴ı㣬ӦǾԲὫ޸ġ˼
ףôܱһ޳ܵ飬ѵһֱ𾴵׾𣿡ݷͻȻ˼׵Ļ̫ʧˡ
ž˼һƺݺݷϣȻԼƣƺЩûڣ˶˵Щʲôȴվʲôû˵
ףСûдңȴΪңҺˡݷԮͷˣһһƬ˳ȥ
˼ɫһҪסָո˵һһЩɥϣɫޱȣҲ֪Щʲô
һ˿˼ת׷˳ȥݷ϶ˡ
˼ѩʲôⲻĳޣ÷˼޵ֵزֶҲҪǼûرѩŮԽԽˣһǣһǧĳޣʱ۹ء
һغӱߣݷڵϲţ˫һһۡ
һֻشݷϣŵǽߵϤζݷˮתһкޡ
һݷĽֻķ۱طй
ãݷĴתΪʵĳ鴤һһ
һ᲻ܿסݷһе
ûУ෴Һһݷ㷢
ƭˣ޳ܵȢҵһܿʵǰײ˵ġݷ
ˣ֪Ҳ֪ǰˣôأΪ˼壬ΪǼ崫ĳޣΪܣΪ˼ĳԸĵǴҲҪֶεı׳Ŷʹడһ
ǺܿݷﱻһĻһǸоȻһ¾Ͳͬˡʵܶ鶼ԣֻһ棬ȴһ档
ǰԲҪ𣿡һ˫ݷذȥϵˮЦ
šݷΪЦĿһͻճյһãҾúҸԶֿòá
ɵѾͷһݷͷɫͷЦ۽ǵͻȻһĨӰƮȻԶȥ


108 


˼ڴЩ񣬸ղһ׷ȥʱҲ̲סݷ˵һȫˡΪСһô˻ĸŮʹݷ뿪˼塣ȴû뵽˵һԴĽǶվⷽ˼ݷﲻҪܼͬʱҵ֪ĸо
ΪһŮˣҪŵһ壬Ҫȴĳޣĺۣȴû˿ĶǷ˼ķ⣬ȴû뵽ıһŮΪ˸˶Ѫ
ͻȻ˷˼
ףҡ洫ݷЩɳƵǸղʹ޹
Ŷɡ˼һƽ
ݷŶ۾Ǻ׺׵ģһ׵ߣסֱۣͷļϡ
ףԲ𣬸ղҲ˵ġݷǸһĿҲЩжôࡣ
˼彩˽̧ḧݷ㷢ǲжûкŮôˣʱﾹȻһЩ
׶Բǣһֱûкúù㣬̵ֻ֪Ҫ㣬ǲǺܺף˼̾
ݷҡҡͷûУ͸ոЩԹһ˵ˣ׳Ÿʹ࣬Ҳġ
ô˵˼һ˿΢ЦǸСƤЦûΣȴҲǸԵˣݷҲίֻ棬Ժ˵ɡ
ȻˣסһĺܺãŮҲҲõˡݷ̧ͷŷ˼
ŮѾͷ취ɡ˼̾
ллסݷ￪ĵڷ˼һ£üĿ価ŨŨϲ⡣
Ѿͷô˻СƵġ˼һЦǵϲȴǷžûйģû뵽һµŮĹϵˣ˵һһ顣
ݷЦűףĸŮþûôһˣʲôʱʼأʮպ׾Ҳûб֮ĹϵҲԽԽ롣
ףǷ˼غͱѩѪΪʲôûи߹ңݷʵ
ǼǧǰˣΪʲô㣬ΪײҲżµسðڼĳ޵С˼ظݷ㷢̾
סݷжؽлԭ׶ôáȴһֱûв
ҹĻ٣¹ڰѩϣĹâһԾ˷õݶڰѩ֮УݷݵĵûԣҲ֪Щʲô
һĵؿʶ˶˸飬ͻȻʱͻȻʧ֮ҵǼԼһֱûв͸ʲôЧĺڰħ͹ʥ
һԽȫ˳ǰһƬм͹ΣһϵȺˮϵȡһòţ͹ȴ̫һѪһһֱڿռָҪȻͷָ¶櫺䳰ȷļˡ
˰鼮ҲҲķһйؽ˻ȥתóڰħ͹ʥţΪ˲Ϣйþһ硣
һħһʥһٴη֮غڰ֮֮ʼӦˣ뻥ںһ
񵽵ʲôأһ૵ֱԹþáħ̽ûʲô֡һƬһžܣҪȻ̻ͺڰ̻᲻ӡ
ʱһԺﴫһԭǷ˼ߵλŮһλǱԭСϱѵء
һٺһЦأˡȥ磬Žڰħʥӽռָȴ֪糷ȥʱϢɢȥһ㡣
ʱڷͷ˼ƴڴϵݷͻȻһؿкâ͸¶һӱָֻԭ״
ףô£ݷʵ½󣬴СһƬʽȻһкڰħһģһΨһͬɫɢϢ
˼ݷﲱϵƬ﷭ȥоţղ޶˵ط˹â
ѵ˼˳˼֮С
һʱЦŴݶƮȻ¡ЦλС㣬أ֪ǵļʲô̶ˣ
áһûĴŮȻһλλŮһЩףԾ
ȻȻıȵùǣóȭͷλѾͷӦѾʶ˰ɡһٺЦ
˴ȷʵǸСһжû߾ͱסˡ
ĺ𣿡һŮʵ
Ĭصͷ
һŮһһҲȭͷȥǺһ°ɡ
䣬˰ɡ°
Ѿͷ𣿡°
Ѿͷ𣿡һ۾в
һȻĿɽ˼ߣȴһűܵĿ־壬ҧ´ȾͱȰɡ
ŮĶǷ˶ѵ˽ʦļرǺ䣬ͻƽʦﵽʦؼˡ
ķŵضݺύϮһȵĸԵĻѩڻƬ
һٺһЦŮĹŤšڶļ϶ƮƮȥŮϼ㺹ȴһ½Ƕ㶼û
Ůͣ£Щˣ֪㡣б¾ͳְ
֣û⣬ұ֡һٺаЦ
ŮһֹȥһͻȻЦעˣҪˡһȻ٣ŮǰƬƬӰ
ŮˣֽסظϺͮͮһƬ
Ӱ϶ΪһһЦֻᣬЦǽҳֵģôܽأ
һĶŮһգһִɫ
һ֣һ嵭˺ܶ࣬ٺЦˣǼ
һһǰ档
ʲôһüʵ
ҡ㲻ߡһŭ
ߣΪʲôĪǡһźааЦ
䱻һӲӵúǻؼڣƽʱ߰ˣһ˿ۣʱͻȻʵòһһǰһռرˣȻһһЩ˼
䣬ÿɣǵĹүƾЩѾͷݿӴʸûеġĵ
һǰ˿СˣδСͬ⹴ү½ǲССȫԽ뵽䲻Ըÿӣ۰Ͱ͵һʧǰ
һԺⲻ⣬ָ߰Ѿͷûʲôøеģڵ۽ҲȷʵǣŮĸóҲ޹һȻ˿̳⣬˿ƯŮˡ
صһݷɳ
óˣ֮˵ˣһݷߡ§ס
šݷ￪ĵЦһһлл㣬Ҫ㡣ҺײôܣֻصСʱ򡣡
ûʲôһЦţóȵݷЩԭûнݷԵһҪóԸ
ݷһж顣ͷһȣɵ¸ҵضһĽ
ҪʲôĽԡݷﾭС§ĴĦ
ҪвУһչԴ̵ıݷضδµĶĲ
šݷ۾΢ŵӦһʵظʼ
һͷݷĶִһ촽Ҫж˾жˡСһһͣסݷΪ۴ɵͷྡࡣ
һĴݷ·ǹ⻬ķ۱ḧ£ӿ˽ȥݷǵʮ⡣
ݷｿһ鱻ȫ§סһĲӡ˳ƿһ۴ϣ޵˫ƴ˱һͷ鿪һʰˡ
ݷ飬һܸʰ·磬ݷѩϻĴֹղʵη죬һָеһ˿޵ؽǸлʪ⡣
ݷﱻͷһ¶Ъֹӿ˳԰ŢһƬ
˽Գ嶯ֲֻͣڶԷϻ໥ŶԷѡһݷֻʣ˿ˣڵסĴй¶ֱһ̼ѪڡһʱҲֻʣһ㣬ȵСֵҪӸˡ
޴Żһ۾ǰһ˷鹵ϡ
ݷҲػӦθ覵Ⱦһɫʡ
Ҳ̲סӿ𣬼ҡһɳϡһݷϣ¶һԹѣֹ飬ۺţӭŵ÷
һһİŴסһӣ˱ţһֻິһֻ飬Ǿ˵ĵԡ
ݷʶץһǽʵıһ͡
һĴִݷƯۻ£㰴ǴδĽϡ
ݷһĽ˿ʪ˸ͨ͸Ǳһôһﵽһ߳
ô§һðΣݷһ̾ƶƮָоʵ̫ˡ
оôһЦŸݷķ۱ʵ
ݷһ죬һ㡣
ңɡһЦѹȥ
ȵȡݷͣ
һͣס嶯ݷǱ˺ܾˡ
ݷվһŮһӸµһһƽƵɳϣ˸ضһ¶СͷСֵܣǵõڱԭϡԼסĺ
ɡݷ˵Ŷһȼ䣬һһϡ
˵Ķݷһһ̧ͷһûȺͺ
һҧݷ̧׽סһ˵ĶԴ¡
һһůʪĸооһ㡣
ʱͻȻ˿һ̧ͷĿԣɲǼĿɿڴסˣֻݷδؼŬš
˼㶵ɳŮһֵƣմӷһֵҲδһŹؽֱƿţû뵽ȴһҵĻ棬ĴԶʱһƬհס
һŷ˼βŷӦÿǵݷףδĸ뵽һһ嶯һ飬ˡ
ݷ̧ͷǻһ˿׵Һ壬һĿ͵ʱܵĻعͷ


109 ţ


һ㶵ԡҵԡͰֻ̧ԡͰıֱ߱ڻûлعղһĻһ㣬ôᷢ飿ȱҲûʲôǱĸײž̫̫аˣرǵʱݷڸ
𣿲İɡһ̾һͷûˮС
ʵվʵôҲˣݷﱻŭķ˼ˣ֪ᷢЩʲôءϣҪ֦ڲźá
һ׷ڣݷͷɳϣҪѪҽĿͶס
ˣʵ̫ˣһҪҲغţغˣײšݷһһղŵ龰ֱҸضȥ
˼Ҳ̺죬ؿŴ⣬ƽȵղŵһĻõӿԺһ㣬֮ȥ
Сӣô÷أʵ̫ɶˡ˼
˼תͷݷڻ
סݷﱻ˼ͻȻһ϶Ҫһ㡣
߲ꡱ˼Ů⸱ŵģȻ̲סЦǷţݷҲԼ˽סˡ
ףЦƯݷŷ˼㶵
˼ֹס֪Ƶݷ£̾ˣҼҷŽƯء
ˣÿһȥЩ˶ſˮءݷﱧס˼ĸ첲ЦղεվܰЦлΪˡ
ٺ˵ˡ˼ЦȻԥһͻȻȻСˣôҲܲ㣬ǿɱ۸ˣҪ¶˳
ݷһ죬ûˣŮԸġ˵Ů۸Ŷԡ
˼ŮβѾͷôͻô۸أ
ݷʱҲſˣԼʲô˼ģ˭涨ֻ۸ŮˣͲŮ۸ˣ
˼Դľû뵽Ů˼뾭ѵ˼ȻǸŮǿˣⳡƴҲŮⷽ˼ȴǷǳء
ڶһ磬ݷһСƲֵ߽һķ䡣
һݷһƨһĴϡͷľС
ôˣǲ˵Щʲôһ§סݷʵòĺ֦˰ɡ
ݹҡҡͷĿﾹ
ôˣײһˣȥ
ǣǣ㲻ҪȥݷＱæסһ
ҽҪ׻عˣ᲻ݷﺬỨ
Ҫȥǲױģһݷ²Ը뿪ԼأϷ˼
һ㲻ҪԼԸģûбҡݷһ֡
ݷ˵һƽתݷﱧɳϡ
Ϊ˷˼嶼ģһֱһ˳еżصޣȴһֱûвΪһжȻģԣؼæ˽Ӧ˽һСݷ૵
һĬͻȻ¶һõЦݣݷ㷢ľȷģΪ˼̳˻ΪһŮЩеġ
㡭
ҪˣǾóʱڳĺĺԺ˻ءһݷĻ˵ǰһ¶ҪΪĸֵһЩʲôҲɵãײڰҲһˡ
ǾóʱڳĺĺݷظţһɨգЦ»صϡ
ϳţ˼̶ӽнԶݷվϣػ˫֣䣬ȻҲͬһǾǾóڳĺĺĻǵǰ˵Ӱģ˸еˮȴ̵ĺˮй¡ζŮǳղܵıˡ
ɢʱһԶȥ̶ӣȻ̾һݷڴڴؼǧġ
飬һӱ̤ǰĹ;ֵţ¶š
ǬŲơֻ߰죬һ˺ɽɽ£Ҳǰµ۹߾ߵʼˣһյʮľʣ֪Ҫж˸ˡ
ܿ죬һ㵽˵ԿǿطЩʬѾˣҲѾʧˣˮϵħԪڰԪȴȻŨ¾¶Ȼδȫɢ
ڰ̻ᰡڰ̻ᣬĴù˰һ૵Ҳ֪жѾڰ̻շˡ
ҡҡͷһҲ÷ԽȥˡţﲻԶûǴӣأҲ֪ڱϱֵôûб˹أ
һХһ֮ǰţȥ
֮һ㿴һһţ䡣ֵǴյҲһˡǰһ·һͻȻ˼ʨʿҴҳǰǰһȻһϤףһ˼˵ǰ档
ʨʿһƾճǰ棬һ䱸һ
ι֣ǵ𣿡һΪسǰʿЦʡ
ʨʿһΣͻȻ㣬ǹǵࡣ
һЦͷǹΪ˾һѪɫʿŵʮʨʿ˳ͻ
硣ϴ˵ǸɴʨʮʿࣿԱߵؼʨ˾Ǿηһ
ʨʿͷ
Ϊҵֵţģɲ֪ΪţĴһˣһʵ
ŶţرᣬȫǰɽۿˣҲҪϹȥءţʿʨǺѷɫʨûпͱ˶̧Լػȷˬֱˡ
ǺһȻȻżʨ忴ȥˣΪţıͽˣû뵽ſʼ粻ɰΪţǾûģþֽħ嵱Ӧеˡ
żʨʿһ·һصɽȿڣԶԶź봵·ߴϵҶµ
ˣǿȥʨһźʱ˷ܼһȥȥ޵ʨһ㣬˵غ¶ɿɴ˿ɼһߡ
һһЦŵ㣬ѻΪһ̳ɽСһɽȣһɴһʵɽ޺ɽﵽˣǰΧˮйͨҼÿŴ϶ˣͿ浽ʲô
ţıᵹһʢˣһŸ̾
纣һźһҲѪȣ뿴̨ϵı䵽жྫʡԼʩһȽȽ˿Уڶ˷׷ײĿҪ֪ˣ˱ĵ⣬˵к֡
ڿУһڿΪΣֻɽһ޴ʯ̨̨߰һŵʯΣŲͬˣǴţӦǸϲ㡣ʯεĺһ޴ʯеţħţ幩ţĳλˡ
ʱ̨λ͵ţʿڲǺݾλϳֳֵŶǴִƴȫǲҪƣѹţ˵ڱǼֲֵġ
һһ۱㿴ţһţʿУбþ۾ֱضһһ˳ȥŷ̨ţ峤ֱһλԽСţС㣬ţСҲߴӵغţš
һȻһЦţСӻԼķ緶̨û򣬾ͽ峤Ůˡ
ʱΧͻȻըƵĺһһԭʤѷ֣һţʿһһڵˡ
ʤѷ֣˵עеһˣһָָġ
ţ֮üĿ鱻ϣ˵ĿУ޴Ȼһƨװ˵ɰϲؿϴϴţ
һЦݴӿȻƮ£һͷţϲرסŨĺɧζûһչȥ
ӣſң輸ûϴˣһƿţϵĺζѬɫס
ţɦɦţǽǼ⣬Цðһǰϴġ
һǰϴãһʱݺţԴһ¡


110 


ţһţ峤ǰ峤ϣͱţҪ뺷һ˫ţ۲ŭ˿شһ
峤ҵĴһţⱲӳ峤˾ˡţ峤ܵ侹ɫظһñûа׸һ硣
һ峤ţǾǰǰ峤£峤Ȼ羭氡һЦŴƨϥ罻һֱҪֶΡ
Ȼˬֱţ峤һһ˵üЦԴһҲҲ˵ţ峤Ǳһ仰ˣһţĴ磬ҿӿƮ¡ʵ峤ȻҪ֡
ţλĴôʱ峤ߵС˵ˣȻ൹Ҳûһô
ţ̾һ𣬶ţСǵģޣҵĴ硣
ãܸ˼㡣ޱһǳţС۹Ⱑ
ҲããţһᵽǿˮֱŶһٺЦһţ޶ЩŤ
峤һԼСŮΪãɴ޵ֻڱڵʿôл̫ˡ
粻磬һСôܻأ峤͵ţŮɣ˵ǲǰţһŵЦ
ţصͷޣֱһƤֱðⰮɱȻǿ󣬹⿴ޱԵţֱðľ֪
ʱ̨ѽеţ֣ţδŵ޺ضӡ
һ״һţƨɣȵӣɵվﶪˣȨػ͸Ͽȥ
ţʱγѣƨƨߵس̨
ʱţ峤ʹ˰һʯηߣؽһ¡һҲȴһƨ۽ǵͻȻӡһɫë޵β͡
壿һ͵ͣ˰ģŤͷȥֻ߲Զ壬һǳӢĺˣһǵĺŮǳྐྵϴǵĺĸŮмơ
һһ裬ĿɲʱضǸ峤һһ֧ǲҲ˺ڰ̻߹أ֪أһһ˿ɱ
ȻŮתͷ˫۾һţ۾Щѯʡ
ĸоһλŮ򵥡ԲŮһֻԻˡ
һŮһЦĿƵشħġ
ߡŮһתͷﲻѵոոоɱǴ
ôˣʵ
ףҸոպܵǸɱһתͷȴɫеҡŮ
϶̫ˣҵŮôƯôǺġЦŮΪԺ
ôңúܶġŮ޷޵
ϧһû常ŮĶԻҪȻܻԺĹ۸кһЩ
ʱţ̨µشſ˺üλ֮ԿʿӷħһܿסʮСţ峤ֱͷ޸һҸҪιȥģ
ҪʱţڽսضȫŽþֱָգһ֣еơ
ʱţ峤վǣСŮ޵־Ҫ̨
峤ҿɲȥλʿдһ¡ʱһǺŮӯӯվŵҪ
ţ峤һ㶣Цɯ˵Ц˰ɣɲģҪ˵Ͳˡ
ȹ峤ô֪һ䣬һ֤˿Ǻ岢֮ɯ˵꾹һݣޱȵ̨˵Ϯ˲㶵ţ
ţСġ޼˱Ϯɾһ
һüһ壬漴չ˱ɯŵһɫذףӦòͨذףϮȴǺܴӦͻƲţֵĺ
Ȼֻһײɯٺˣ㶿ų·û˿˵ţȻղֻϵذ׿ıɾȻһƤûơ
ʱţعԱɯ͵ϮΪʮֻҲѪҺеԡֻһþһϢâϮ˱ɯ
þıȻΪţʵֻܷӳʮ֮ƾҲǾ˵ġҪ֪ոţ̨϶Ķֶ飬ûмþ
ɯɫһ󷢰ףϮâþȴ׵âɢһ޻صİӰ˵־֮ġ
ʱţѽ״̬ǵسɯȥĵĹą̂ХĿ֮Χ֮˷׷˺
ȻɯһҧͻȻһƬʣ˾ôƾʧˡ
Ǳһһ㶣ǵ԰ĸ߼ܣڸǰȴ޶ôʧˣϢȴȻڣһ֪λãжţӦûжô
һֵţͣ˹ЩãȻ»ˣƺǲֱܷټ
ܰţʵôƲǱǡ
ĪǺʧǧţ峤ͻȻ
ʲôһæ
˵ǧǰһʹʧڿУҿϵϢԼʧˣû뵽ؼˡţ峤˵
ܹһɲţκ嶼ʹĹҲٻ¶һЩûܽȫĹܷӦĵƾľ汾ˡ
һо̨ȻʼΧֻҪɯ̨Ͼһܹλá
Ȼһ£ʱţϽǸӦһεʵ
ӣϽǡһţ˵ȻַǷţĴϲӣɲţһʧӡ
ţһһĴţϽ˹ȥþɢһȦȦâϮ˹ȥ
ʱֻһȣгһâϮţĲӣرɯõĿȫ类Уֿ϶ֵס
ţһƫþݺ˹ȥȻţþڿһ٣ͣڴʱ类âУһѪ
һʵӰӿ֣ԽԽʱе˲ŷ֣ţþ뱴ɯĶͷһ֮ʱţûмʱס±ɯԴѱҳˡ
ɯŴţϵذף־ɥ̱ڵأţذҲԴֻ̲ףţôģѵѧϴ廹ôһ


111 ίıɯ


Ӱֱ̨һţ峤ԼŮޣбǱɯĸס
ţû°ɡ۵ţţ۾ỨţĸȷȷʵʵǺġ
û£û¡ţҡҡͷֱɵЦ
һţļ˿ϣȴ˿ھȻϲˣѪȻͣ
һһüָסţֱ۵ѨֹסѪ˱ɯеǰɫذףʵô£
ɯһͷһĿⲻ˸ŵǺʥذף˵˿ڶԹϵԼˮϵߡ
һʱðɣݺݵסɯĵĺ꾫ҲˣȻôţ岻ӭ㡣
һΪţ쭵ޣЦЦĵΪţеˡ
ӳţ峤һСŮ£СŮλǸţҲûٴȥˣͺСŮȥ
ţ峤סӵ֣Ц̨û˭˭֣֮ţĴϲӣҲϼƣҪǲţӡ
Ӽţ峤ϣҲƴǡ
ţıʽĻţҲԸԳ˹ˡǼʢ䣬ţصظ衣Ҽóʳдˡ
ţţĴʿǣŸոհݹʽΪӵ޳һ
˵һţ˫˫һǰţΪ羴Ĺ֮񣬶ʱ˵ĿⶼˣҪ֪ţǷǳصġǴһʿҳϣ˵˶ԷС
һҲ㣬ЦǺǵţһݡΪţСû˸ĸԼĴһҲӦ
ϴţн죬Ȣ޶ǴͣţģԺţϴģϴţȥţһüͷţһĿ⾡Ǹмݡ
һţһȭʵؿЦͷ꣬ϲ˵Ҳ֪ϴ󰡣˵û˼ˣϲҶŸ㾴أлȥɡ
һҲһˣԴ֪ţĴ󣬲ϵMMڨһһ̳Ķӣ˵ģЩMMϵζҲθͣ
Զ˿񻶵ȺһһСɽϣԶƬƬ⣬Ա̳ţľ䲻ƾİٻô㴼ʤڹңүǺȵľơ
һһھͻȻһ˭
һʵӰһǰ滺ۣǸŮɯ
ҹβҵ˵ĵطĪҪңһЦΪΪĹԺʵ᲻һøУŮ˻ϴǶĸŮ
㡭ɯߵһȴ˵ĻΪ棬⻰˵ƺᡣ
һĿƵضźŮ´ԽԽú죬ﲻ룬ѵǶĸŮ֮ʲôϵ
ɯһĿһɨͷһӿһĸоһֻḧһ㡣һƬ̺죬ԼΪʲôָоʵܲһĿ⣬һתɽȥ
վסһͳغȵ
ɯͣתûʲô
һ
ɯʿʶҪһȥͻȻعĵΪʲôҪһĻһƵһ
һ˵Ŀɯòӹɵ
ɯһ͵ҡΪʲôҪȥ㡣˵űתɿɽȥ
ͻȻɯǰһڣײһǽһˤȥ
ˡɯڵסӣͦСɵıɬᶼҪˡ
ô㡭ɯҪһ̧ͷһµĻȥ
ҪɱҰɣɯ˫ֻһëȻ
֪һ֧ȫ帲ɡһʵϸűɯı顣
ֻɯһ䣬ı˴Ŀֳ
֪﷢˽䣬ȫˣҵ׻áɯͷ˵˵
һкâȻ˱ɯѩ׵ϣԭúһˣҲһ֮ѡ
šſңҲܺˡɯ˫ץסһĴ֣ҪƿôһĶأ
һĴսɯ¶˾ֵвʣƺΪʲôΪʲôһҪɱ֡
һһ˫峺׵۾Ƿɧĸͬһֲɣ̾һɯӵϡ
㻰ϣʵشҪȻʮֱҡһվڵ俴űɯ
ɯţ޺һ
Ϊʲôͬһ塣һʵ
ɯź촽һƲͷҪһס
˵Ųɱ㡣һӣűɯ˫Ŀ
ɯȻһǿزһ
һһü˱ɯĲӣ˭֪ɴȻر۾̧ͷԱһס
һЦʼбɯĺŮ׺òһ·ˣסʱ˵θڵĹŮγ˶ôǿҵĶԱȰ
Ų·е嶼͡һŵȴûиղϢɱ
ɯȫһյĽëֲͣز۽ǻξӨ飬ȻһﲻҲ䡣
ҲУԽˡһ૵ֳס°Ħĺ
ɯ۾һƺܿյı飬ͷһɣΪûɱ
ΪʲôҪ֪ɯзĿڡ
ȻҵɣûǸҡһ
ʲúʰǵñ˼˵ú˵ʵ˼͸ˡ۾͵͵һһۣղ㽫ɱˡ
һһ̾ôɯС㣬شղǸ𣿡
ɯЦסˣĿ˻֮С
ԭɯú͸ĸǰͬһģҲҸͻȻһ죬׺ĸ׿ʼܣչˮݵĵزʮǰĳһ죬ĸ״ûһ˷˳ȥҲûˣɯ˵ԭױ˸׺˺ˡ
ǰͻȻ˵ýĸһ϶Կеȫˣĸ׻á


112 طھɭ


һűɯ˵Щ𣬸ղŲͽɱˣҺղ֣Ժ»Ҫܵа
ɯЩ˸е˵ţȫ˻֮УΪ̫ûߣҽСܵĿ벻ĵȫ˵˳һʱڿֻŶֳЦҲ˵ˣһζ̲סҪЦ
շۡһĨǰʱɯŻоѹԼղ˵Щһաһȥҷ۾˯ˣһͬʱЩ
ʲô˼Ҹ˵Ȼ˯ˡɯ޷ԶţأֻǳƬѾϨˣֻʣȽȽƮȥ
һ紵ɯɴһʱǶȻǳ䡣ϵëƤ磬תɽȥ
̲סعͷһ˯ú죬Һڷаɫ˪
Ǳ˯Сӡɯ૵ͻȻߵһǰὫϣȻ˴ơɽȥ
һ۾űɯԶȥıӰٿ˿ϵ磬ҡͷЦЦѾͷĸÿɰˡ
һţʱţѾˣӵһ̸ķħͦ
ϴ󡣡ţһþ˹
ˣǶúòðһţ˼۾Ȥ
ţЩŤţǡĵغţ
ţҪˣ¶櫻ھɭֵ߳ͺ͵úúɣ㲻һˣǰô³çˡ֪𣿡һţļ
ϴҸߣ㲻ܶҰţŵ
Ȣţôأ˵ûɱҰȺúáٵɭֻҵңӦʱô뿪һЦǷһ飬Ҳ֪ҪôΪԼ
ţŵͷһ׵ܵһϴ
ˣңƤһˡû峤˵һˡһЦţʵؼϴһȭӰΪһ̷ȥ
ɽ뾫ɭֲԶһ㵽˾ɭֵΧ
ºٴλصصطһﲻпǧ˫¶櫣ĶΧߣᣬ˷ǣ˫ķڰ̻ᣬɢǲ˰
ৼ̵֦ľɭһǰš
һЦЦòƵʱҲĳѵǾشкʽ˭˵
һӾ黤Ӿɭ߳һϵıԽˡ
ݿþòˡһЦŴӵŮ顣
һݿһ㶣ЩϲϷԸߵλ黤ǰȥš
һ˹ȥݿЦûֳƯడ
ݿһ죬ߵа
һٶݿȴͻȻɫһ壬Ĺĵ˵Ҳ㡣
һҪ˵ڵػ˻ȥЦݿڼŮоѾСгɾˣŮϲŭ޳ԸѶ˼ǲ²͸ҪôŮģ֮˵ء
𣿡һüʵ벻ȥҲû뵽Լʱ
ݿǰ·һʻһ˵ˣ˵
һӣλŮ黤Ŀ⣬¶һЦõЦݶʱüλŮһ٣תͷٿˡ
ڰ·ϣͼԶһ̵Ӱ˹һԶͣϲ黬䡣
һ¶һ˼ĺҲ̲סһſ뻳˹ȥ
סеĽϤѬ²ζһŷԭôִŵС顣
ӵã¶櫴һ̽ճͷճ˼ҹ룬跹˼ӡ
һ¶纣ĿעţǰҲָᣬ¶櫵°ͣķ۴
ݿԼŮ黤һǵĹ컯֮µӵǣ͵ʯ״̬
ãһĴ뿪¶Ǳǵú޵㴽һ̧ͷʮֻĿǣҸ죬·˵Ѩһ㡣
С飬˵ôʲô˼أһЦ
Ե¶һĻѹһߵһĻһҲ㶵ݿͼ黤һ˽գߵϼҪ
Ӹղŵлظ¶ʱŲ˫һߣǽʵһ˫أôˣûҵϣ
һЦ¶櫵Դģ˫û£Ȼû׽ϣȴ˵
ܿ죬һ㵽˾ɭֵľסأŮߴѵȺ
Ů£һ§¶ЦŮ˸кĿ˵Ľɨһ
Ůŵصͷ΢ɲһĿ˲رǸʵظôһֱĴ
Ӵ˴αԭ֮ƺΪ˳λ˫ĹأŮźۼʵȴһ
ȥ˵ɣ˳ŪٻڿʵĽһЦŮ·ΪȳվŮĺľȥ
ҡҡͷСӻ治Լ˰ҲȷʵˣŮôءŮ֣Ůķһ
ڴһеŰٻȰڶţߴֱüͷ
һϢҲϢˣٻҲˣ˵ɡŮߴٵϾԭκ˵ǽأһܹŻƺȡϵѪҺֻλ˫Ĺȥˣ
һ˵Ҳ֪ǵ׾ʲô¶ҡһֱۡ
С鿪ˣһҲˣʼ뿪ɭֺһһŮĽԿĵȥԭĿֲ£ӷѩϣű˵صıԼ˼ǧޡƾһı£˵ޱȣأ˷·Щ顣


113 ع


û´ĻӦǱѩɣǧǰ½ɣʱ̻Ӱ֪ΪʲôԵ伣ˣû뵽Ȼڱԭ֮Сߴеһ뷢԰׵ͷп
ѩҲû˵ǧǰһ˼֮Ѫ𰡡ߴеһŵ
һǧϼһ˵Ӧò˼ڼǧǰз˼壬һ֣Ÿġ
һ뷨һ˵˷˶ӡ
λϳ˼ãղŵλͷ˵ôһ˵ҵǧǰɽɽׯ˵ͱѩͷ˼ǵɽׯĺ
ɽɽׯⶼЩʲôһǴû˵
һȻ˫ﱻѩ£ǾһµġŮ
˵һͷ֪ҪȻҲôˣˣ˵ľЩˣʲôɽɽׯǲڵķ˼壬Ǿ²ɣ˼·Ҷˡ˯ȥˡ
˵һڰ֣¶櫾ԺסǸȥˡ
Ůһƣ¶櫺һߡԺﲻɸֳĳЩٶ˵ƬΡҲѹ֣ߴϵԺпҲôģҲֻҡͷֱ̾˼ҵˣһ˯Ҳֻ컯գҲ̫
һ¶䡣ϣȻ󡭡˯ˣ
¶һ˰죬ȴûһһ̧ͷ˯˹ȥݺݵҧһڡ
һ˯ӣ¶ǧĵ˼ڵõ˲ǰٶҹҹ¶櫾Ͳһᣬʲô˼ĺܿܿ࣬ൽףԺÿһÿһ뿪ߡ
ǡĿ¶̾һḧһǷǸƽˣһɳʱ˭ܽץء̫ǾɭССĵطɵµġ
˦˦ͷ¶櫽˦⣬һʵţޱϤĵϢҲ˯˹ȥЩ˼ѾĹˡ
ҹĺ֮ʱݿĻնӷһӾ黤˻Ĺ
ݿӳôˣ岻𣿡ȥ·ϣһŮ黤ʳһԲݿ
ݿع񣬵û£ʲô°
ɫôôһʵ
֪֪ݿӳϲϹķˣҸոջءһԻСľ黤̵
ŶеĻϳЦ
ݿ߳ŭȵǺ˵ʲôֻ˵ҲŲϲǸΪǣɫԵĻ쵰ء
ݿеĻˡ
ݿӳķͲ˵𣿡ǸͺСĻ칾
ݿһͣݺݵСһۣһѶת˸ʧˡ
ڻǸݿߵС飬ŵһӲ˵
ݿЩƵһСϪߣÿﲻĻѵļʱطһһϡ
˭ϲǸ쵰ҲŲϲءݿ޺޵ĲϲǸһļһֻôһѡϴں¶ϴԡʱ鹢ڻ˭֪ȻˣƴûзƵģµûţҲһֱƲ֡
ǣϲͲϲɣҸôݿԼԵ޹ʵس廤ӵĽ÷ƢЩ⣬ǰ֮ҲûûСؿЩ˴ŵЦ
ݿһϪߵһʯϣе˸ǹ⣬еƽɢȥǵСʱ׶˵ϵÿǶһˣصԼǿϣ˸Ÿпбˡ
ݿһֱĸҲصϣоעÿĽ㵽СϪ߶յ˵Լ£ÿ˵漣غ
һ˯˹þúþû˯ùҹôˡһֻèԼе¶櫣ЦЦƿ˴
ʱҹɫȫϢȥˣɭֳ˷紵Ҷɳɳûбˡ
һӷ֪߳˾ŮϢԺӣҹʹ˼Ѳߵľ黤
̽ͷһһ־ŮԺǾµͤӽƣвһЦ⾫ŮǺ£ҹغʲôƣĪ̫įˣһ
̽ͷ̽ԵظʲôȻ˾͹ҺһɡŮͻȻᣬÿȴһĶըһ㣬Ѫӿ
⾫ŮȻЩŵһס뵽´󷽷˳ЦҲֻйŮй֮Ӱ
Ůһһۣ㶼͵͵ضҵĻ˵ʲôйŮƤ治һĺ񰡡
һһ㣬µһٺЦһƨ˾ŮĶ棬ץƺﵹ
Ůεҡҡͷˣĥ͸Ժ¶櫸㻹֪Զٿء
Ů£֪¶櫾ǽĥ͸˲Űҵģǽĥˣٺ١һЦ֪Ϊʲô޷ŮΪһǺɫĻ̲סҪ
Ůɫż˼һ£һһˣżͬ˵ү
һһĿɲʱа뾫ŮĿţû뵽ŮȻ֪ʵݣǳ˫ȥԭʱʵ˵һݲѲ飬ڿ۹ѻֵķзһȥˣ鶼ƽϢǲûֵүһӳûиıòҪĻǺѲ鵽
һ뾫ŮӰΣͻȻ¶ʽ΢ЦЦŮºֶΣĳЩ˵ҲǣڵһԺҲı䡣
һʵʵ˵ģȴǣŮܶأ
żүֺвѧаŮգ۵Ůһǰñֶǿ˿۹С֪֮١Ů˵
һЦôһڹⱲƺҲϴˣΪʲôƫƫ͸һأ
ŮһһҵŮĸһ޶𣿡


114 ĺ


һ̾һűֵľŮΪأΪһ𣿡
տʼ֪ϢʱҺܷŭ侲һ룬ȻЩЩɫӦòỵ˫̬ȣӦҥԣҲ׵ǣΪʲôǵİջڿһʵصֻأŮͻȻЦˣϵı漣ʧһòٴθ̾Ů˱Ĺ
˾ŮʣһʼεеǳӣһʱҲ˵
оȻ漰˹ҲµòӦúͻȨйأżǿûʵۼɻ䣬ȫǰյĳ˻ʵۿûͨżҷŵȨɡŮЦһ
һȻžŮȻ˵Ĳʵ²ȴҲıȨĴʾȻ͸
ҲµûɣΪھɭʲôŮһı飬ΪԼ¶ˣһСҫ
һÿɷ񣬼ȻôΪһֱôΪȥɣЩֻ˵ڡ
ˣҵ˯ˣǲǸ뿪أŮڴ˸Ƿ赭дضһ
һŮ˵ӡƬ̵ʧ츾ɬСŮܼ
һɫɫĿŮЩŭͬʱҲЩϲ̲סһͷһ£ŭ˼˳ɺͳȥ
һԴعžŮٺЦⲻû𣿡
ŮһСӣʹɣҵĻҿɲܡ
Ů˵վݡ
һɫɫž鸾ǻԲΡÿһĲ˶һڸа
ֱŮӰʧһԳЦЦ˰ǿ°˼ĶŮֻ¶櫵ף㲻Щդ
һŮ޾ӣȼһȵаԺǸֳŮǷֵ̬ԼǷֵ̬ԼѰ͸ˮһΡȻ֪ǲӦõġɵĶô̼ĿС
һһصԼסԺӣǿҵҪй¶Ȼ׵ˡ
Ϣѹ¶櫵ؽļͦϷදš
¶Ժ۾˺ֱ۾ִڲ״̬µʿиԡЩӭһ䷢Ѫŵĵ
Ȼһȵ´¶ȵ§һӭ˵ĳ̡
һȵ¶櫵ʶţϢţˮζŮζ֯˵Ϣټľ֨ѽ֨ѽİ࣬ô䣬ߵضƼ䡭
ǹʥħѧԺ޺޾װøУ԰ڣŮǾ˵ѧʦĿ⡣ʥħԺŶ̶̶£ŮĴ˲֪˲
ν²ţ´ǧǿһѸ½ˣĵʥħѧԺǿҵĺ䶯ڲ٣ǵòԼħʦĵȼȻΪĹӸ֮𣬵ıˣȻûʲôɫЩƷµµ˾ͿʼˣʲôĻ˵˳
޺޵׷߸࣬Ϊ䲻ʳ˼̻ʣֻ׷ûͷ޺ʥַġʹĳЩתͷ˽ӽͱĻȥ
ŮϵħʦŮȹͬΪʥħѧԺƯ仨ȻʥħѧԺŮͲһˡ
Ů˦һȺ˽е۷䣬ʥħѧԺһεСһɾĲ
ʧͻȻûͷûԵһ䣺޺ޣ˵Ǹ쵰᲻Լǰأ
޺Ȼ֪еĻ쵰ָǺˣ˵Ҳ֪ƷʵŲҾӦϾġ
𣿵ٹˣ𣿡૵
޺ͻȻЦÿ춼ӵ֪ʲô𣿡
ʲôʵ
񡭡һ˻СŮˡ޺޴
ɫһ䣬޺ޣЦһ㶼ЦһŵΨһĿľҪҺ޲ýǧС
޺ҡͷһ̾ǸǰҪ˺ܶ࣬ٻ˵˵ɲֱǰȫյӡ
ĬãɫһƬãȻȻ޲ýǧУǰʵʱһĶûУ䶼ûɱ벻ԼӦʲôԸǴӦһ˻ŵ𣿾ŵˣôأ
޺ޣҵӦôܱأɱҸôأץס޺޵
޺ֵǻ쵰ڵĹɲ⣬Ҳ֪ʲôҪɱܻѡ
ô죿ĲİʹػôãΪľ˳һҧ˴ƤѪ˿£޶־
޺޼ֿʼæʩһػﲻͣǻ쵰磬úõһŮĺ֪Ҳ֪ȷʵӣƺöˣ˸ͷǰŵԡ
뵽޺ͻȻһԱ˵ȻɱѵǴӦһֻҪʲôˣһǵɱŽб𣿡
㶣ͻȻ۾һôû뵽أֻҪŵԣǿ϶а취ȴû뵽пôڲ
Ϊ뵽취εغǾȻ¶һδ΢Ц޺ޣҶˣǳԷȥɣԱ˲뵽õİ취
޺޼ЩѸһ˵ζ֪Լıӣһ»ɣһôƫĵģгĶӾûˣʹڸԶȲɡ
Ůȥʱ򣬼ӰͻȻбǵǰΪ׵һŻ๫Ӹ磬żĵĸ࣬ǡ


115 


޺üһ壬ǰ֮һˣǰµ۹ĶӣΪĽݱڣǸʱţﲻĿĺ㵽ֲ޺ޣӵûͷʥħѧԺȨӵܣĽݱҲֻܳưͿˡ
ɰҪȥԷ𣿲ȥ¥úóһ١ĽݱڵճŮǰ͹µĽϣ˰
ĽɲʱᣬǿʱҲĿ⣬˵ĿʮС
ȥҧгݵѿʼһ̧һǻǵسĽݱȥ
Ľݱڲ㲻ðһ׹γһϵ磬סǻ꣬ļûôˣϿòֽ磬ҪҲĽݱڻԻˣǸյǱǶһĻǻ¾Ҫɽ̼ˡ
Ǹǧ˯ļװʲô߰Ӹ˯ǸӣҪҪĽݱ˿ĸһ
ɫһ󷢰ףҪô񼶻ϵʩųżħ
޺޼æס̫󡣿»Ƭ֣ʥħѧԺǲѧУڽ˽أղʩǻ϶Уʩһǻ֪ҪܵʲôͷأĽݱȴΪܺߡΪʼֻǶƤȴǡ
ӡĽݱŵؽеԶ޺޲ѧУô
ҷɱɣ㲻Ҫҡɫ˦޺޵֡
ʱͻȻһǿҵħһϸϸغ৵һĽݱڵĹϵ硣ֻžһ죬羹Ȼô֧ˡشӲͬĽǶϮĽݱڣȫȼҽſ·ڵǱع˺üȦŽϵĻ𡣴ʱһںڣͷҲյ˴룬ʵǲҲ̶¡
ȣ޺ȻƮڿеľŮֻһɫħۣһͷĺ췢ƮԺǾµŭ⣬һ֪һ𱩵ˡ
ĽݱŭŻƮµȣ˵㡣ʵû˵ǣֻʵʲȥ
Ⱥüذµ۹ӣߵĽݱڡ㹫ȻѧУϷŮͬѧҷ֣ȰҪ֣ȲѳһҪϱ׼ѧУĴ֪ͨɡ
㡭˵Ľݱһͣŭָ˵û뵽Ů˾һҡ
ûк˵ѧУ˵㣬˵үүĻҵĻأȼЦĽݱڣһҲһˡ
ȺơĽݱڷȻתһĿ⣬ﰵģһҪŮ£ǳ޵нǹ
ĽݱԶȥ޺޸мضȵлл㣬ȡ
лɫͿ˳ˣλÿƯѹŲˡЦ⼸һֱڱչͻƴħʦľ磬ʼջôһ㡣֮ǰûк޺޼棬Ů֪ġ
ȣƯŮľħŮ˵ҪͻƴħʦľˣԼľȴΪǼºһֱͣͲǰ
ܾþˣȻ紫˵еһƯس֡
סȵ֣λħؿʼ
һȥԷɣ극ҴȥүүһֱΪͽֻһֱѩоǰںɽĽԿ¼ڲſЦ
Ҳ˵ˣ˵ǺڰˮϵĶԿǹܵˣ̫ˡ޺޵
˹Ժʲô𣿡Ҳʵ
ȵͷҡҡͷЩ˷ܵүү˵һλˮϵħʦһȺڰ̻ĺڰʦнԿֳλˮϵħʦʤˣүү˵λǰѴﵽ˴ħʦĶ壬пڲõĽħʦĵ߷巨ĺ
񣡡޺޺૵һô˵ĳƺĸħʦԴΪռ׷Ŀꡣ
ˣԺһҪСĽݱڣһưոݵġȵղע⵽Ľݱתʱ۹⣬ȻǶ֣氵ĻǾͷʤ
޺޵ͷ
֪һطĶܺóԣҴȥЦŶŮѧԺĺȥ
ʱȱһװ޹ӵĵſͣ£ϾȻֻĺꡣ
ӣ޺ôô½ĳЩְҵĵ
ǡ޺ɻʵ
һЦһýÿķ꣬Ķɺóˡ
Ƿꣿŵ
䷹ֻѧУһʱ˲֪ɲκ˶ܽŶдĿ˱߱ܽȥЦ
ȥԷҪ߱ǮͿԽȥ޺޶ʱ
һֻдŮˣһɲܽȥڶֻеԷ˹Ů˲ܽȥȵ
ôĹడ˲ԽԽΪʲôҪô涨أ޺ʵ
ҲȽȥɡ˵ŴŮ߽ȥŵĺ澹ȻһȽյħţֻͳһɫĿԱߵĲһ壬ħԶ߻ȥ
޺һǵȻ֪ħŵжôû뵽ôһССķ꾹Ȼħţʵ̫ˣҲŮԽ䱸
˽ȥǷǳµĴصĲΣŮòͣǷǸĺСˡ޺޾ķԱƨɺ澹ȻȫһɫĴβͣһɫĺŮ
ʵҲûʲôˣΪĵǺŮÿǷǳƯŶЦŽ͡
ʱһλŮӭЦС㣬ܾûˣλ𣿡
ǰǼС𣿡ЦʣȻĺŮǳϤˡ
ջأǺܺáŮŮ¥ϵһᣬͨħĴ֡
ôˣȹĵʵ
ʱһİɫӰֶˣɨʮ


116 ɯ


վЦɯҪˣҲǹ
һڴ˵Ļһһû뵽ӵĵȻţϼŵλŮɯôǹôһأ
ˣϾСȥԸһõľƲҽҪúдҵĺýáɯʱӣţʱľǿçײȴǽȻͬ
ȣλǣɯע⵽þĶǵŮʵ
λ۹Сλ޺ޣżĴС㣬һǵ֡Ƚܵ
ɯһԭλڲ½ͷзǿ¼ŮǰȴõЦźǴк
ʱ½ضһЩɽҰĹߣķǳƷһ㣬˲֡
ҿɣЩɶǺɽеĶգŮӵƤˡɯЦ
޺޾ܳ߹ȴҲûԹ˱¾ĲʽһСƬ˳ζȻǰĩеʳָ󶯡һʳ̫õҲࡣ
ôҽܵزɣǲǷǳóԣЦʵ
ͷĮ۾һЩů⣬Ů÷ǳУҲһ޺Ψһ˵ˡ
ȻϲԺͳɣҵȻŹػдɯЦ
ⲻðɣҲǴģа׳԰׺ȵĵ޺ĿЦΪżĴС㣬а׳Եͣһ䴦͸صķꡣһصĺŮˣ޷Դ
ɯȻҲע⵽޺޵ı顣ЦȻԺ͸ǴۣȵҲҵѣƴǾһŮӲǵˡ
޺޺һۣȻ˼ô˵ƴǾͲˡǿûӹˡ
ʥħѧԺߵŮᣬ޺ɳϣղųԹȥүү˹ءͷҲ֪ȥˣԱˡ
޺ޣôӺǽбɯĺŮӣʵܾӲô򵥡
صģҲﲻԣӵҲûʲôԾֻһǹôһ꣬ôķСأıû֧ǲܰ쵽ġ޺޲żˣһ۱㿴عؼ
˵ʲôĿġΪʲôȨأǺĻ֮񲻸״ﵽĿģȴŮӣʵڰ˼⣬ЩŮϻʲôأ޺޽ŵ
ҡҡͷǶˡ
Ըˡ޺̾
һ¶櫸ݿһӾ黤ھɭѲӣСĿСÿһط¶櫱²Ϊһ⣬˵ǰôôһҲ΢ЦȤţ֪¶뽫һж֮ҲԸ˽һУһּ򵥵Ŀ֣Ҳһּ򵥵Ҹ
ھɭ֣һĶǳɣʲôùܣʲôòģÿ¶ھɭֺ䣬ժժҰ׷׷Сʲôģӹʮ⡣
ϾҪˣǸûȥˡݿ̧ͷɫͷ¶櫵۾ȴǿҲһһƲѡ
һһֱݿΪʲô̬ôɻ֮±¶櫣ŻȻΪϴɭʱСĿӡðɣӺɷдҪϣһȥǸݿȴ߳ŭʱʱһֱۣӽɿ
ǺðɣٽŹ䣬˵òһ¶櫱һĸ첲ʵ
һ΢ЦҪͷЦȴͻȻסûǴǺڵˣһүôܲŵأôһܸϵǹ⼸ˣ㽫¸ˡֻʵڲΪʲôҪȢôأʱĻ޸еظܵĺ⣬ҪӦþԼɣ뵽һͲһͷۡ
һôˣ¶櫼һر飬ŵʵ
һع񣬳һЦûʲôֻŲһˡ
Ϊʲô¶櫽ʵץסһĴ֡
һĬã¶櫵СԴȥҶһ˵ĳŵǷء
¶ƶǶصͷᶨҲһȥҲ뿪㡣
һͷ¶ȥûʲôЩֻ֪ǲ֪֪Լǿ۹˺ʱʲôӦ
صסأһԾŮ˵ȥ򣬾Ůû˵ʲôȴͬ¶һͬǰ
ΪʲôףΪʲôҺһһߣ֪벻ġ¶櫷޷޵׵Ĳеʮѹ
¶櫡Ѿ160ˣǾˣΪ鹫һεľŮ㲻ǰ뿪㻹ĶҪѧϰŮҲΪŵĹЩеġ
һŴ۵СĸŮһЦڵҲһͨĸŮѣһ㾫Ů빫Ӱ
¶櫡˵Ҳû°ɣǹֲԶҽòãһ¶˵
¶ֻֽŤţ˶ܷȥˡ
һȥοһɣЩû취ıءŮ̾
һͷЦŮ²õģ¶ʵģֻˣСˡ
ƺҸ˽ҵŮŮЦЦЩį
ҲԴףһЦʶش˾Ůϡ
Ůһ̺һƬЩŭ콫צÿǲǲҪˣ
һٺٸЦ֣ģزǹģֻǼɫԥҪοһˡ
ŮһһۣЩСӴûнɳЦûΣ͸¶һ˿޵ůʱЩ֪롣
һŮֵذۼͷһʱЩڸЦԼΪӣƵݡ
ƿţ¶櫶ڴأཱུöԹˡ
С飬С˵ϵر죬᳤ƵģʱͱúλһˡһЦ¶¡
Ųأ˼һû160أ¶ʶ
˭˵ûУ㿴ͳһˡһɷµָĶͷ
¶һ嵽ǰϸţ૵аûе
ҵ¶ôƯôأ̫˾ͲһˣˣˣЦһЦһߵ¶뻳Уŷ۵С
ᡣ¶תһػ
һұһ̫ˣ㻹Ҫ𣿡¶һ
ɵѾͷ̫ҿ϶㻹ϣʱǾ˭Ҳ˭ˡһ˵ͻȻЩôп¶һ


117 


ҹ˾ǻ뿪ɭֵһȻǺ¶櫵࣬ȵĴҪ˶ڻˡ
¶޹ǵḺ̌һĻУ׵ļ˵㾧Ө㺹ŨŨĻϢ
һڴϣʶذ¶ǰǶԻãԺȴ˼ǧ޺ԼĸӰ໥ǰεڼЩļ糱ˮһӿ˳
½Ʋµ۹۹ĳͻӾ磬ս۹ȴ̬ƺСϣŭ˽⣬һµˣǰҲ͸¶治뷨ͷ⣬֪ĵһβ֪أ
ŭҪȡȨΨһİ취½սԽôԽʱԼָúȥδأôһ鷳ڣ黹Ѱˣһü
˼ãѾɷˣ¶һĻг˯ȥ
̾ʹ̰ɣҺθɰͷҪ飬°յֵõʣǲģһһɡһһȻ겻ͬѪʼżģصĹ޷Īǣ浽Ĵ¡
צ¶櫣һ´ѡȻڴעС飬ḧ˸߳˷䡣̫˸У̶ھ̫࣬¶櫣Ϊ뿴Ĵ۾Ļʹ
ո߳ԺӣͼŮǧĵӰĿЩֵ
ڵŮ¡һٺЦɫھŮǳĽϺݺɨš˿ɾͿˡ
ŮһƵĿ⿴һȣݺݵŲҽڳ
鲻Խ鲻ԽһЦƿĿ⡣Щ黹ʿɶֹĺã̫˵Ҫˣ⾫ŮɲһĴ󰡡
ôҪ¶櫿֪Ůɫظʵ
ǰ¸ϲ֪ŵسŵ¶˯㣬ǲĺáһƤҲȷʵ
ŮͷһԿ䲢ûʲôӦϰˡ
Ǳߵ˾ɣ¶ɵѾͷ̫㲻ڵǶʱʧǵģ֮һֺ˲ǳŮ̾һͻȻЩ룬ƺ׷ʲô
žŮӡһ϶ǰ¶櫸׵ʱ⣬֪ΪʲôЩ¡
һ˦˦ͷԼǳӴװ˵¶櫵ĸôˣԼʸԼĸ˭
ˣҵˡһԳһЦ徫Ů˵
һͻȻعպײŮǻƿĿ⣬ĨΣƺЩ֣ʲôһ
һ߻ؾŮǰǼŵζҲֻ͸˵ŮϲУ˵˿ڴҩ
һӿռָóöͨѩ׵عӣǵ̰ԵСڱԭģһֱ֪ʲôԲóˡ
ڱԭҵ𣿡Ůһ
ʶⶫǲǺö˳˲ᱻɡһŮ˱飬֪һͨĶ
Ǵ˵бԭΨһһֲִĹʵֻһЩżвļأ˵ˮϵħħʦ˿ԲħӿˮϵħٶȣҪ÷˶ʮµĻϵħߣ˵ǲǺöŮЩ
һһһöԼħѾܾûдˣ˵ϵħͻƵļ⣬ͣڸ߼ħľ磬ʮƣȻʩųħ˵Ҫϼ֣߼ħ˼ħ̫ԶˣҪƴħҲֻڼռЩˡ
һ룬ԼˮϵħǷͻƴﵽħʦأ㲻ܴﵽʮ»ϵħߵҲ
ţһһöӽ˹ڼڣΪҺ˳£Ȫˬ͸
ζʣµöɡһһöݸЩ͵ľŮ
ŮֺЦһ˵ҵֲˮϵģʲôãʱλ˫ɡո˷һţҸղź˵ֻˮϵʦЧģ˳˼ֱǱ
һЦЦһöӽռָֲỵ͵ȶ˫ˣԭֶ˵ͨ˰ɡ
ˣŮ£һġһڰ֣䳯ɭ¾ŮЩӵŵıӰ
ոյɭֵΧһ㿴ݿľ黤Ѳߡ
簡λŮһЦǵǰ
һЩŮ׷ЦкһеͻǵĺøУȻ˶ӳݿĲˡ
һŽͷŤһߵݿЦӣҵأ
ݿޱط
һʼ磬ЦСǣҪ뿪ˣѲʱҪС㰡˵ţһһʧԭء
ݿ͵ŤͷȴֻһĲӰʧڿУһʱԭأҲ֪Щʲô
һ÷ٳǹȥȫĻӦʱܹϵ
һǻĵҪ󵽵ʲôʱһͻȻһϾȻʼð⣬ʶﵭɫˮϵħԪɲʱʼŨʣϵħԪؼһߣһͷѡ
ĵشӿн䣬һƬصһų޺Сɷܣ֪ͨǻʩųһ絲סǿҵħй
һ£ס£ʶǱ͵ˮϵħԪأŮû˵һŪþ㲻Ҳñɰ׳ˡ
ˮϵħԪؿţʶħԪصܶҲԽԽŨϵħԪҲʼֿˮϵħԪصԣȥʱбըΣա
һȫ亹ʪ֧Ųȥˣ̺ˮϵħԪ̫ˣֻΪʲôСһһӶûµӣųһžʶҪˣù˵ͷ
ڴʱˮϵħԪصʼǰǿٳӣһ϶ټȥģⷽ潲ֲһĺá
ڣʶˮϵħԪصֹͣˣһʼþѹҪȻϵħԪؿɾûʲôռˡ


118 Ů˭


һ뾡취ҪʶˮϵħԪѹʱԶĿƮӰӦŮˣһ
ӰԽԽʱſԭһŰɫۣɴŮһ˫Ϊ峺۾ͷ࣬ļҲڸǰ˵ġұ߼һλúŮ˵ĹϵӦ͡
ʱŮŮ˫ۣһţƺΪµӡ
ȥɣҵĶҪˡŮ
Űɫ۵ŮһֻĨȥͷ㺹ٵȵȣһټһǱ뾡ϵǹ
ⱻΪŮҧǰһ·һڵͣͦţȻѾƣˡ
򡣡ŮӲȥˮͻȻ
ŮܣֵָȥɣҰ㿴š
ŮУ⿪ˮϷȰȵŮһڽˣ̧ͷ͸Ҷķ϶ͻȻȻһ¶֮ɫС⵽һӲ˻ȥ
һļ
ŮŮؼö˽ȥÿſӵײײܻŮİ߰׻ƨɻ¶ڿС
մ䣬ʲôˣŮһŮУסʵ
ǡǱߣŮһֵָ󷽣·ʲôµĹһ㡣
£ǱʲôŮһػŮȻʵ
СƽһЩһϵÿһ˵ǡǱˡ
ˣŮ㶣ղֲûиеϢ
С䱻Ůȥñ˸ղСˮĵطһȫ۸סӰڲͬķһҲ
ҲѹСô֡ʵһŮɵСʱͻȻǰˣ´һŮᵱιȥɡ
ŮشֵˣǵĿȴǵɿһ㡣
λʲôˣŮʵ
ǿ֪ȻվŲƺûһ㡣
ŮÿüſʼǰҪ⼸˵˻ǹ
ȻŮһֻҽŸոշʱոջƵͻȻתɫؽâԼٶȳ˹
һ׹ŮðӲâŮҲõ˺ü
ʦŮϴķӡʥҪ
Ůֵǡڹ֮վԭرӣ
أŮһЩͷֻҪ߽˱Ὺʼ˳Ǿͻָԭ
ѵǲˣŮһ裬һϵĴħʦȴокڰϢҲ˵ǲǻʲôأҲһܣǾǾпѵʿֻʵеִ˵ʲôܡ
߰ɣǿ˰СµŮӡ
УǵÿﵽʲôŮüͷ
Ů޷˭Ů˼ǹأֻɪڹǧĳ˵
ľڣˮ˳һĶͷֱµϵâǿǹ졣޺С򾯽ܣһķߣɷܵˡ
ʱʶˮϵħԪһǿľ¿ʼԪصܶҲԽԽ󣬵˽һʱˮϵħԪؾŨ̻һ㡣
аСһ㡣һҧǿٴǿ˼֣ͲŲѹˡ
ù£һţƢҲˣаؽǿޣҪʶˮϵħԪѹ
ʱһͻԴһ޴죬ʶɲǼһƬհס
⣬군ˡʶֱʱһһͷ
ʵ֤һǷǳõģʶݵĿհ׺һָֻ֪ħȫǰĩеĳ档
ϲ֮µһæʶеβЩˣˮϵħԪ⣬ϵûʲô仯ֻǿˮϵħԪȴһĴָСɫ壬ɢӨӨĹâ
Īħˣһʧ૵òֻħ޲аɣһôħأֱĩŰ
һĿһãȻ֮ɫҲ̫˰ɣ˸ħˣ֪֪˻᲻ὫԼħأһջؾ磬˿޺С̽Ƕ˱顣
޺С˱飬سһڿɵ͵Ϯ
һ˷ܵشһڿзˮϵ˼ħҲǴħʦʩŵħˮϵħѾͻˣʶˮϵħˣɲˣʲôܹǺ¡
һ˷ܼ䣬ͻȻԼǷʩųżħأ
ҵıһһԵ鷢ǵӨˮϵħ̷ųǿˮϵħԪͬԪصĹɲʱһƬХһƬƬԴСıľһƬ
żħҲԷųǲ˵Ѵﵽˮϵħʿľһ˷ܵ
ʵԭʶϵħԪصŨȣľӦҲħʿˣֻǲΪʲôһֱǰ
Ȼ˶̰ĵģһĴҵǷԷųʮħǿɾ͵ħʦľˡ
˷ܵʩһʮˮϵħѩأȴһ㷴ӦûУˮϵħҲֻﵽħʿľ硣
ֵһߣŮһ棬ڸոͻȻǿˮϵħſһŵıĴû˭ʩˮϵżħٻ˴ıɱľżҪˡ
ʱ洫һϲĴУŮΪλǰоħԴСıоģﲻǺ棬Ҫ֪ħĸĽǷǳѵģһ˸ĽĶǵͼħû˭ܸĽ߼ϵħǺλ֪Ĺ±ҪʶһλǰпܵĻڵԼĹЧǸʿ϶Ŀ佱ġ
˷ܹһҲ棬ʪںͷŵ㣬Ӱ˳ȥ
һɷͳһվ
һشŰɫ۵ŮȻɴ⿴ʣ֪ĳҲԲȥҳ߹
ŮһῡݵӣĿ¶һɫ˼һͻȻ鼱䣬


119 


һ⴩۵Ůһݣвһϸļ䣬ȴûһŮǼһɫԣ֮
㡭˵ǸСŴָһʵ˵˲ò࣬տݵʱĻֱء
һüסûзŮŮΪ֪ĹĹأ
Ůûд𻰣ֻǺһ໥ţû˺ĻһģһֻȷΪ˵ǸѧӵܣҴĿֻмսʿľ硣ǰȴǻʩžżˮϵħħʿôܻǸأ
˭һŮӰΣͻȻʵ
ŮУһɸַ緶һԥ
˭һٶȿڣͬ˼ֱɱ
Ůһ裬ĿҪĻӲģ£֪˭
£һֺһûǴ۹ĹҲǹ̻ʥŮ֮һô
㲻֪ҵΪʲôҪʣһЦһûƱ磬ҲûҪ
һϣºСɫŲһˡ
һЩΣĴȻʥŮ˶̲סʧɫ
¹и㣬ʵش𡣡һ˵
סԼĵؾ֣˵
һûмµ۹ʥŮ˿̣һ¶֮ɫϣܹ֮˿̵١
˿ֵ̣һ֪µôͻȻᵽҪ֪˿ֲ̿ò뼵Ƣ½֪Ӧöɡ
ûмֻ˵ڱչǱͲˡ»ش
һʧ̾һл¹ټ
ιͻȻ
𣿡һʵ
֪ΪʲôҪ˿ʥŮºʵ֪ԷӦֽ䱸Ŷԣֻʵ޷һҵǺϵĶ˳֮⡣
һ˶̧ͷҵӣ¹˵һǡ˵꣬һһԶɷֻܺҲգۼʧڿС
һӣԻţص˵ǲأ˿ʥŮôͱˣ
ع±ŮС˫סؿڣ񻨳հ㿴һʧķ૵찡̫˧ˡ
ºЦͷٷˡ㲻ͻȻɴǳ𣿡
Сʹһסͷ˵ҲŲأֻǸŵмսʿħʦп
ǲֻ֪ǵþϵǹҵ˹ħʦ·ɡ³סеСƮ˿Уǹķȥ
ʥħѧԺߵŮᣬŴ⣬֮ڵһ죬ʱɫȫ
ǳȥɣǻ쵰ǲˡ޺̾һ
ûд𻰣ȻһľżڴһһƬĮȻ
޺ҡҡͷԳһЦԼôһ˵ĻأΪԼ
ҳȥٳһɡ޺˵ȻûзӦ˳ȥ
뵽ѧУʳ㶫ȥԵģ޺뵽ʱ飬ȥŪЩԵز˻ȥ
ѧУŵϣ޺סȥػҪһȦ·Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬޺ޱֵСᴩȥ
ҹɫµǳ޺޲òʩųƬʥħѧԺΪԧ֣һҹֻҪ꣬˫˫ԶԵ¶ȡ
޺޿켲ţһ·ֵܻ޺޲ʲô¶Ůһ·ǺͮͮһƬ
Щ治֪ߣȻ¡޺޺֪ҰսȤأӷ㣬֪֣֮
˽һ룬޺޿켲ؽŲͻȻ̫ˣЩҰԧĵЦ紵ҶҲˡ
޺ֱ߽ͣһˡ
ɣ޺޲û¶ŵɫغȵ
žžžƵ޺޶ͻأȻ˼ġ
ӰӺڰ߳ͷһƣٺЦΪżĴС㣬Ȼ򶨰ֻǲ֪Ȼ»᲻أ
ӣͷǲǡһȫһסķʦ
Ƿģȱ˾øǣǼλʦİæҲסߵĳǡ˴󷽵Ŀ¶޺µĽɨš
Ľݱڣñɡ޺޿Ľݱĸ۵ķʦ΢΢ɫ
ɣٺ٣Ǳɣװʲô߰Ƕ°Ҳòȥ˵ǹ֮¡ĽݱڿЦ޺ȥ
޺ȴʹԼĽݱ߹һӣָðһǿҵİ׹ȥɰ׹ȴڰ;Ϣرˡ
޺޽һڸеһ˿˿޵ĺڰϢµûĽݱʦӦǺڰϵħʦ
˷ѾˣǺúô̺򱾻Ӱɣ㣬취ƤˣӿϵŮ˻ûеòġĽݱſЦ
㾹Ȼڰ̻Ṵᣬ̻᲻Źġ޺ǺƣȴȻһƬȻ
̻ᣬǺǣ֪˵ɡĽݱЦֱֱ޺ޡ
ʱĽݱͣס˽Ų΢΢ͷ˵λ𾴵ķʦŮϷӡĶ٣Ϊ˰ȫλʦʧȥȽϺãǧҪţҪúóζ
޺ɫһף벻ĽݱھȻôƻԼӴ˽٣ⲻҪסԼס
޺ϵӡһǿʥⱩ򲻵ͬھΪԾõġ
޺Ҫ⿪ӡʱͻȻȫһ̱ڵϣֽû˿һָûС


120 Ӣ۾


ĽݱЦſ̱޺ޣЦ֪ߵĳǻôڻǹԹԵȱɡ
޺һĴ۾ȴ䵭ĽݱڣͺڿһԵݵСһ㡣
Ľݱڱ޺񿴵һ뿴ǿ־壬ĵĽǱ̬
ǡĽݱҧгݵţԼӿһͺܱ΢뷨Ϊˬ
Ľݱһ߽Լ·һ޺ȥǵ֪ŭĺжôء
޺۾գҲգȻñĽݱڣ˭֪־һš£ʵŮҪǿö࣬ǿʱú޲ȥ޺޾ܿ־壬ȴȻԼķʽĵĲм볰Ψһġ
ܿ죬Ľݱڱ޺޵ߣѾˣ¶㽡˶ؼϾҲǸ߼սʿм⡣
޺޶ҧһŹӶĽݱڣ˵жľжģ˿ܶĻƸҹҲ³ˡ
װߣôҡĽݱڼ޺ȻץɻðɣֻצӺݺ޺Ǹʵظץȥ
޺޽šû뵽Լװ׵ǰûбǻ쵰ռȥȴҪ޳֮ͽȥ
Ϸ𣿡Ľݱڵצ޺ʱһٺٵعЦͻȻ紫˽ڴͬʱĽݱڵ˫һ飬Ȼǰֺˡе˶˳Ц̧ͷȥֻһźڷһŴЦеǡ
ĽݱλʦһⷽԲ֮ڶֿģȴϢسʱڣȻԴ⼯λڰħʦ֮ʩųĺڰ硣
޺ȴ־ϲû뵽ͷĻ쵰ȴôˣһʱǿļǿڿϣɲʱĿӯӯ
˭Ľݱλڰʦʵ
˭һʡ
ǰµ۹ĶӡĽݱЩ
ٺ١µ۹ض𣿺ãܺáһΣյ۾Ŀ˵ĺ⣬һﲻ˵ãһ˵һе³ɺޡ
ʱλڰħʦѾʼһ϶һʱͻƲֲµغڰ硣
һָֻڰôˡͻȻӰħڰʦ߶ûúһͱɷܸʬˡ
Ľݱڶʱ˵ߣȴһСһסͷ˳ȥȻײϵ˻ʹس鴤š
ҪɱҡҿԸܶǮܶŮĽݱһһſڵġ
ҲүģˡһĽݱڵģһźݺؿ¡
ֻĽݱһĲҽһŻ˹ȥѪһƬǶر߱ˡ
һٺݺţߵ޺޵ߣ⿪˺ڰƣСãû°ɡ
硣޺ھʱһȣէȻвһᣬŬҪƣȴ̲ס˽ĻУӿ
ˣûˣ˭Ҳ۸㡣һ޺޵ļοš
һĻзйһ޺ͻȻһȻƿƺĽݱǼһҲòȥ⣬ʵ磬ԼովȻ˵ĻС
һŸոջСèһСþȻһ±ͱ䵭ĮЦ
Ǵ濴ϷԲԣ޺ͻȻ
һƲƲ죬ûлش޺޵Ļ֪޺޶ضѸٹ̣һʱתġ
޺޻ҪʱһȴͻȻˣϻб顣
޺һͣСʶһȻһճϵı飬ɲʱͨ죬ⱲӴûôȻʲԾرɢȥˡ
һӿռָ﷭һ˿ȥЦСã㲻ĵֲɡ
޺ؽӹһе˿꣬תϸϸȴЩЩʹ޻һ˿м
һܵʲôһʵ
ĴҲᵽ޺תҲ֪ΪʲôھǿƲסԼĻ𣬹ϵħıģҪĵˮӱҲȻǰǣ޹˼ɵķƢǵȥʱĵسŸŭС
һȻʲô߼йϵ
޺ƽһ飬һǱı鲻һɣʵôҹģ
㰡ģûûСҪж磬ǰ㲻ôе𣿡һǰ޺ٿȴǺòģǸоȴǺ룬׽˺ܶ࣬ôҲװһ°ɡ
ƫ޺ˣӣתֵ㻹ûлشҵ⣬ôҵģ
Ҳ֪νѪŨˮȻ˴֮ЩϵˣҸոյʥħѧԺſڣͺȻзţ֪ر㵽ط㱻۸ΪȻҪһӢ۾ˡһٺЦźʵ·ҵߵŮͻȻĵѪɫô𶯣һѰˡ磬һСþҪˡ
޺ƤЦһвЩãȻǰϤİǲѧĶı˺ܶ࣬ϵ̸¶ǰȻͬƺûǰôˡ
ʱ޺޿һ߰ںڵɷܣʵ˭
һЦյˣôɡ
ˣ㻨Ǯģ޺һţղſǿˣﵽħʿķʦĴʦĸֻ֮ˣ㻨ǮҲһõ
ˡһЦһɷ˺ڰԪռ䡣
޺ۼƾʧɾʵأ
ˣߣ˭֪أһЦɲйʣ˵ûĿܡ
ء޺޺һͻȻһأôöûȥ϶ᵣĵġ
ǣ޺޹˲˵ʲôظȥһεҡҡͷ˿ڵصĽݱڣЦЦת׷޺ޡ


121 ֳŵ


ʿֹһЩƵŮſǿĿӣﲻֱֹѵĸռ䣬Ůᶼ̫Իˡ
㲻ܽȥǴ迴ÿˣȥ˵һһǵ˺ܾˡ޺תЦһ
˭˵ҲܽȥˣССŮỹѵ粻ɡһٺЦ
ˣᱻŶȥɱû㰡޺ЩֻƺѾ쵰类ŮĴȥ
޺ͻȻֻعЦ˸㣬ɲͨŶʵɲ⣬˵дʦʵء
һؿ޺ӯ߽ŮᣬòسһüĿĴ˵ͷ
дʦʵҲĩ̫˰ɣĸʦԱû¸ŰһѾͷڿģǴʦҲ
һЦҡҡͷҿ˿ûˣƾһһĨܽŮĴţûܹ
ǴüĿĴͻȻһ󾫹Ⱪգۼûˣֻø̾һӰ˵Ļ
޺޸ոߵ¥ϣͼһǽϳ΢Цš޺һһһǰֱšеһˣ
Ǻܿ޺ޱ㷢ַпһˣһֳ˳ȥ͸һײš
ôˣһʵ
ˣǸϿȥҡ޺˵ż¥
һתҪ޺ȥңͻȻ۽ǵƳѹһż㣬һӣżԶƮɵͼּдţ޺ޣҾЩƣȥͼݵĶ¥硣Ҫġ
һƮ˳ȥسڼÿ췢޺ǰдżݸ
޺һղֻŵˣϵż㡣һʥħѧԺͼݡѧԺߵĽ߲֮ߣǲ½ߵĽˡ
ȥɡҾͲȥˣҪʲô㶼ܾǷһҲ塣޺һ˵ĿЩ䣬Ȼ뵽񹲷ߵ顣
һǺڵļµ۾Ҳ޺ޣҪǽȢҲܾҲ˶ѣضҵԸ
㡭޺޷ȻһΪ쵰ıˣΪģû뵽ˡ
һûٺ޺ʲô̾һһֱҡϣգۼɵͼݵĶ¥
һӰվͼݵһˣһͷںڵ㷢ҵڿƮţسڣƮƮɵŮһ㡣ŮҲһ˵ŮıӰɫԵֹ¶
һϢڶ¥ʱľôһӰɲǼЩĳƺˣǻĸоծӦܳأ
ƺУĽһ£ת޵ҧгݵǸվϧʹĿ
ʹࣿƾʲôʹࣿϧϧҪЩܿ侲ñĿעһˣһΪ㲻Լ
һҲָ˵ȻЦΪʲô㲻ǽȢôûɲ
ǵģҪȢңڿʼˡޱһеĳһЩľ
һףҪʲôȻôΪʲôַǵǿԼһ𣬵׻ʲôıأһ˺ܾˣʵ벻޸ʲô˺㱨ػԸʶ䡣
ûо仰һ˵ǰͷˣһ˵ˡҵŮˣֻһ˵Ůˣ𣿡һţ仰òƺܲƽҲôãǾ㲻ƽҲŮ˺ͱȾǲ֪кĿĵ
ܰԵ֪𣿡ȥеĳޡ
һˣ㲻𣿡һЦ
ͷģһ͹ˡ
һЦһǲͻȻһ˵ĳ嶯һͻȻɫɫǰ͹µߣ̾ţǱֱ֮
һ¶֮ɫһתʵЩܲһ
һȴЦһߣֺ޹˼ɵ§סСһ˵̽һ
ſң쵰ɫһ䣬һħʦôһħء
ˣҵŮˣ㲻Ը⣬ҺĳŵһЦ
һҧûˡ
ˣ㿴ɫҲôˣǲǸûȥ˯ˣȻҵŮǵȻһ˯ˣ˵ǲǣһҩͲ˯
ɫɲʱòҰףԺͻȻ𵱳ǸʵҹĿʼƺʱܻȥ
һһˣæʩųػڣָ
ˣȥɣСûڵءһդʲôȥɣôôɡ
Ҹ˯ͻȻǰסһֱۣȴӲøʯͷһ
һͻȻЩ˦㵽Ҫʲôı嶼㼫ң㣬ԼԼ
ⲻҪܣӦ¾Ӧôҵ¡̧ͷõһţ䡣
ãܺãȻ˯ɡһһ§ݺݵȥ
ƬĴһú׼ԺһƬհףһЩҵ˱ţͷɵضıݣĿǻš
عûƿһ۾§סһĲӣɬػӦΪܶģоƺûеô㡣
ӦĻӦһǱʼɵࡣ
Ȼ٣һ飬ĸоĿƣæƿһ죬Ŵظš
ֻǾôôŮˣǼôһоûС̧ͷЦһȴϣȻܿ죬ȻЩ
һûڴŭֻζЦջҸղŵĻƺųҡ


122 ĳͷ


һҧЩԼԼΪʲôôûãһĵǾȻ١
һٴ§סŵ㣬ƮƮطȥһϣ޺޹Ȼûߣǵ
űһ§ڻкĩɢ޺޲־棬ѵôˣ
СãأҳɣһЦŶ޺޵
޺޺һһĻ˭֪ȴЩؿϡ
ʲô޺һȵ
ҵãҺ֮ĳЩ˽ܵ㻹ǲҪúáһʼޱ
޺һͣתͷЩǸԼĺýã޺ޣȷʵҸ֮˽ܡ
޺ЩͻȻԼƺЩ࣬вһܡ
ǸҵСûȥأǸߣһʵ۾
ΪʲôҪߣȻǸһˡĩ𻰣޺޾ȵ
˭֪ȴ޺ޣߵһס֡޺ޣԺɵýҶɩˣŮˣȻǸһ˯ˡ
ʲôء޺޷Щ֪ˣҪʱҲˣֻǴû뵽ģ˵Ҫ𣿾ﵽĿأɸĴҲʵ̫ˡ
޺ޣʲôҲ˵ˣѾˣɡޱϲ
޺ɫӵŶˣǴϿĺܰ䡣ǵȴϲһ飬ôȻɣΪҪһͿԤϵǿŤһĽضǿɬģˣҲĩܵõѣĩܴӰ߳
һһ֣ɷеһʦһħʦƾճǰ޺޺һ
СãǻỤȥģõĽݱˡһЦ˵ա
Ľݱڣ޺޸ոճʲô𣿡ڷУʵ
һͷ㽫ղз̵ظ˵ˡ
޺޵ȴһ
һȻöʲô˼޷˵ԼĽݱһ֮ѰˣЦҪ˵ЩʲôͻȻһͣһ˹ȥȵĻƷ÷һɫħ۵Ůȴɵһˡ
һشŲľŮ÷ŭĿⶢԼԼʲô񼫵һ㡣
ȣеһ
㲻Ҫ£һȳء˵ħֱָһ
һȻôΪǵŮôࣿûǺ޷ĴԼ𣿶ֻ§Լء
ιС椣۾ûɣ§ҵŮڿж磬ܹ˵ҪشԡһһҲŮŮּΪǵŮһøжǷ
˵ʲô˵һΡȻһŮ˵شԣǲԭ£֪ԼظȷʵСشĿã˽ȷϵġ
˵ش԰С椣˵ˣǲأȻҪȷһҲûһٺЦȡ
ҧѿʼһ˼幥ϵħһХһ沿ҽһĳȸƽȼ
һӹһ˿ɱŮ˺úݵģ˼ϵħ湥ΧȻ¶ȴʯڻˣô㲻ҲˡһıЩ̧֣ðһĺ⣬ȻǼĻץֻһ̴һƵķ϶ðƮУһɷʸԵЩ졣
ȴ绯ʯһƣȻƽ棬òһ鶼ûУֱš
С椣Ϊ޴ۡһڱʯһĿȣ˵
ֻһᣬ𣿡еһı飬вһоˡ
᣿ûн¸ղǸħǾˡһЦ
ȻعƺһΪ۾ʱɵϴȻµ϶Юֵġ
ϿѾ֪ͨүү˹ϾͿ쵽ˡȵЩ˵ӰŮǺɱģոռʶһԼǶ֣һ˴ģԼײ͡
˹ͷҲûã㻹ǵΪղŵΪۡһЩԭشԵŮǻϵħʦ˹Ůѹֻϵħô죬СС;ǿҪͻƴħʦľﵽħʿˡ
ȣ߰ɣˣĸԸߵģҵˡЩжĹģƺЩǷȱ
¶ŵɫԽô˵ԽǲţʵҲܺ£ԽǻԸҲܶԼܵġ
ҲߵģҾħơһǿվ񾪲¸ҵһĿš
ħƣһЩЦСҲ̫ˣΪȻЩɵȴŮ˹ղ׵عҪ۵ġһٺһЦǬŲ˵ޣȻʧڿС
ЩãȻʱͻȻǰһʶؼһסؿһЦݳԭأߵҲЩ㲻״֪׷ʲô顣
ͻȻЩʲôͷһȴ·úõشϣǸоЩ̫Ծ
ʲôЩ
ûʲôѵһ¶ѡһһ޹ı顣
̧ͷݺݵһȻڻûԼʲôֽţܸо˵ʲô
ͻȻȾԼϵٱ·ĲϹεЩ飬Ӧǲ̫ܵ飬ΪµĲ˿ģԲָоؿһʱһ쳹ҹգԧ
㡭㡭ҡѪŭţϵıʮ־ʡ
˵һ˻еķۺɫƬȻ֣˷


123 ʧܵĹ


һӢĩ޵Ůҵ¾ȻһץǴֱӽµģûѪܱѶ
㡭ôһҲ̫ˣȻԱŮ޳֮¡
ΪʲôһССĽѵѣصӦ˰ɡһٺЦ
˼һŮӣô
ŮӣŮҾͻɱ˭ȨˣһĻЦ
ʱһǺ˵ȷʵ˵мֵ´ͷβʼնռһ֣ȻѵķǷ׵
ʱһеķۺɫƬɫ콻ӣҲѪ˿ЩңҪһеعˡ
С椣ҪҺǺصġһΣյ˫Ŀɢź
һ飬ոֲһҲҪƴĸоͻȻʧˣΪ뵽˺ԴסǸж°ǸԼܵίƺʲôˡ
һȷۺɫ·ڱǼţ¶ı顣ȵ㲻ͬʶλŮ¶櫣ģ˫ϵζڵһࡣȵȴǳŨţνʶŮˣһŮϵζĳһ̶ϿжϳһŮ˵Ը
һһ޳ĶŮգ޵
㣬ĺ㡣һһ˦֣ۺƮƮƮȡ
Ƚӹ£ȴǰûһӰ
һŹġȺݺݵССȭͷţ޺ɷܵĻµŮᡣɫȴе㲻̫ÿĺܵɵ¡һԸϡʵҲЩǻ쵰硣
С㣬ɫôôʲô𣿡ǿŵĴ޺Щɹĵʵ
ŷ裬û¡޺ǿһЦͷ¥ˡ޺ʥħѧԺһ⿴ŵŷͶرģ꺮ů˵ʱ԰޺޸еرů
ŷ˼޺޵ıӰһƬŨŨĴȰ
ʱһѴǹһջʱﶩһ䡣
һֱۣɫԥȻһղŵΪΪһҲûֱԡϴȥˡ
Щ㶵ɳϣǧͷ̤顣ѡ񾿾ǶǴҹҪί
ʱһֻһڿԡ˳¶ǣÿһ鼡˱ըԵ
ʱգתͷȥٿһȴû˿ͣش߹ֱҡ
ڴϵһЩ޴룬Ӧôأ
ϴ裬ԣϴ衣߽ԡңһȹ¶ǰ˵塣
վھǰϸϸžеԼѩţ̰ļƴƣͦԲ齾ظ߸ţŷۺӣҵ׺ϣԼҲסˡ
ǷأĽ뵽ԼԺҪ棬̲סԼ壬ǺŵģȼָᱻԵתɣҲԼϧóɵֶνԼռ
ϴøɸɾӨļۺĹɷˣԡ߳ԡҡԭᶨĽŲȴԥˣľô߽Ǹվסˣɫеȫ¶ȥһ˯ֱɱҪʹࡣ
ͻȻԳһЦ૵ڻΪʲôôĲƽ֪ʧһ̣ϾѵȻ޴棬ܺߣܶŵȴǱӺ˵˾ɷĵһжǰ͡
뵽¶Ȼ֮ɫѡڡ
Ȼ̤ңһŵȶӽŵֱ
һڴϿһħ⣬ǵŮ㣬̧ͷֻԡ۶¶ȫ뼡ɲʱؼˡþĶǣֽŮŮ֮ζˣĶһˣŮоĵΪ𱩹ˣһѼʶˣ۹ȻȻࡣҪĶݷ¶ҲҪѷɫ
ΪŶЩ׵ɫЦˡִ֪Ů˵ʲôıȷĿǱ
һһƣԱߵλЦɡ
һ촽ûѪɫһҧ˱ѣȴǲҰһߡ
һûתͷſ飬ƺҲһ㡣
˰죬һȻûжһͬʱҲЩƣѵҪɡ
Ѿ̶ͲܺˣҧгݵأԴӲڿʲô飿
Ŷħ顣һӦһûתͷһۡ
ȴ޿κΣܲѹ·˵ɡһ˵ħǹһ˿棬һֱŪһûħΪʲôͻȻħˣҵȼƺ͡
Һ֪ΪʲôͻȻʹħˣղŴҷʱõħӦòƮɣ̲סʵ
ҲǺǰͰɡһ飬ͻȻתͷЦ
ңһתͷﲻһ
밡ұûħʵģԴһϺͻȻӵħʣȥӦĹˡһٺЦ
һϣһʱ֮仹֪һϣȻ֪һָǿǸϡ
ɫһ䣬еĳ޲Ծر¶ܿԼɫͻȻģ۾գգһҪҪһأ
һȫһΪ̫ˣëܿƵҲʵ̫˰ɣҲ֪ѧģЦʵڱﲻסˣûòعЦ
Цʲôŭ֪һ϶Ц
һֹסЦһֱֻǰָЩϸСĸʵ֪Щʲô𣿡
һʲô˼
ëʱĸ׳ƼƤôһһ
һͻȻʶһȡЦղŵĹе񺮣˲ŻƤ
ȥܻͷһͷȥ


124 Ӷ


һһѳҹͷͻȻѹϣֻһ㱡ԡѹǸظϣˬ۵ĸоһһꡣ
һУµͷαװɾ¶ֵɫȫ˽ࡣ
һֱֱ۾ͷķ۴ȥֱ壬۾Ҳеľ֮ɫ
ķ۴һʱһͣסˣϷ¡
ϣҵŮ˸һĸԸģ޷ȥҪң鷳װ㡣һ˵
ЦĸԸ˵ĸ㲻ʲôɡ
ûǣҲƱ硣һתͷǳ޵ӡ
˾ô۵СۺðΣͻȻеĺ⣬Ժһװġ
һͻȻСǲëôִŮѵΪ˴ߣȻһὫɱ⵹ЩʤҪɱȴҲһѡ
㣬ˡ˯һ±۾Լȫþһǿ磬ȻţҪķҪġСʻ괬
ҧס´ۿͻȻӿһʪ⣬أһžӨ黬žһѩ׵Сϡ
ΪûᣬΪȥȴֻǼҲˣҲʹˣԭǹŵغļ뱻һ˺ȥ˿ȻѪܵġ
ǿԼģҪڤ״̬ĵĻȴ޷ʵԤϵƫ̫ԶΪ׾ٵؽԵߵȴԼȻЦװ̫١
ݺݵضƺ˯һ˳һͷǲǳ˯ʱ𵱳һڻϵĹΧҲȻЩйиӱࡣ
Ӵ̨ط϶Ĵ´µĹӰӻװ˼ʯͷ죬ܡüֽԼָƺЩ̫ԾһȻһ˫ǿյغŵЦʱŷԼƳŵĵطȻǻ쵰Ľʵؿڣ򲻹صشĴϡ
֮ȥȴ˸գ˴ˤ˴󴲡
žһСƨɻʹʹһ̧ͷȴһɫеضؿڡͷһһ˫ֱأľһԡ۶һˤԡ۵ĴӸɿˣ½߻ȥ¶˴ѩԲ飬ۺӣҲ֣־
ʲôڰֲûһٺЦһ죬ϱʢ֮ʱּĴ⣬û嶯Ͳˡ
ԣͻȻһҧվؿڵȴǷôһԡɢȥѩͦεڵչһǰҪҲʲôûϸϸںëսһ񾭣ıѾʼˣаȼ·ѪҺ
Ҫһп࣬Ʋסˣĺ˾ܾ
ŽӶճϵһ˴ϣ˫΢ţһξߢģ
ལһѵһڿˮ¶ɽһǵŮ˽֮أֻ˹ȥ˿һëٻϣǵʮϲŪ£ͻȻջֳˣҶľͷôȤ
û˵ĬĬ·
һǾ·ʱź̾һ¶ֲ˭йȥ
ĮһͻȻǲǲˣ
һһ˵ʲôȻ˵ˣûмܹŮ˵һһѽƵڴѹȥӲСֵȵ֮ϡ
ȫһƴؽһƿҪϿˡֱӴ򿪴˳ȥ
ŮˣǲǡһŴӴˮȥˡ
ʥħѧԺΪħѧԺ붷ѧԺȻħѧԺˣʦģ½һָġ
ƮУ԰ڣ˵ʵڵģħʦľĻõѧԺѧϰһ˵ħѧԺֻϵħϵмħ߼ħϵʩ߼߼ħʱһͿԱҵˡ޺ֻɢɢĵģһĿܵõϵħʦ˹ָѰ
صŮᣬȵط޺ҲûȥϿΡ
û°ɡ޺޼ʧǵĻæվʵ
ҡҡͷ˵ڴϽͷ˱֪ԼΪʲôҪܣۿĿľҪˣȴͻȻ÷ǳ£ΪһʼĿơ
۸ˣ޺ʵ
ӱüĿ価ƣ֮ɫ޺ޣˣҺúþһ
޺޵ͷվὫҵŴϡ
̾һⲻ֪νһҹͷֿʼʹҪԼʲôĿ޷ԼΪۣذʱٺݺݵؽڽŵףԼΪۣҲҪܾʹࡣ
ǣԼˣ̫߹Լˣ뵽ģǴǰˣǺڵ˷µ۾ĩЦݣƺ뷨ѱ֪һ㡣
ǹӶӵĴһһεУرעĿǵӶʸһǰעģӶѫȴȻͼFɫѫ¡ֻ˻çԭʧ֮ǵ񣬵ȴһܽ񣬵˭ûŪֱв򵥡
һȥʲôʱͻȻΧ˿÷ǳ֣˶ָָ㣬ľӶһ㡣
һЩĪﲻЩѻʮ
ʱʮŵɫӶڳһ˹һɫսʿӦһ֧СӶš
ͷһˣӻͳһֽ˿תͷĶѵλֵܣǿǲСӡ
˷׷׿϶ش
۾עһеֽתһȻ滭ԼĻ
һüʵô£
˷B˵Ҫе趼ʶٺ٣ӶſֵģǡСҲǵȥ㡣Ц


125 


һתȥ˿ڵֱеʮӶŵӶʵвģҪһ趼ʶȴ˼ͷˡ
һûȥʵ˭һŲµ˭ˣ֮ͻȲбˡѾͷǮһǧϾҵ;Ϊһ٣һһBҪ֪çԭʧ֮ҲһA
һ֪ղŵӶֻСϺ׶ѣ֮ЩӶҲǹɣؾֻҪһ˾Ϳ񣬿ǱҪɵöࡣһºЩ̰˵ӶͻҲһǧϾҲ׬ֻȴ޶˵رˣ
С椻ûеõ㹻ĽѵһȥķֱָʥħѧԺ
ôŮȻǱ˹ע΢һһ֪СڸħϵѧϿΣ⵹ЩһԤϣû뵽ʦˡ
һߵһңһ۱㿴һͷ쳤ڽ̨ĽſΣϯ˶վں棬в߼ħϵѧȻǿɲЩ֪ʶأŮġ
ʱý˻ԭͬѧǣΪϵħħȻɱޣʵȴǷǳǿأһʼǴֻʩųָͷСĻ棬ǵľħǿˣʦˡ
ʦʩһҿɡ̨
û⡣һڴӦ
ΰĻ񰡣ʵͽ˸ָһƻָð˲Ϩˡ
һ͡ЩΣգ۱ָղʦԷǴͬѧһʩŻֵΣʦʩŵĲĻ
ΰػ񰡣ʵͽһ죬ȻһƻܳϨˡ
һʱ䣬̨ѻȸεֱҵضȥûɵذԼﵽħʿľ˾ȻʩŲ1ĻһڵͻȻһվڽ
ղȷʵһֽţΪʵ̫СˣþһϨˣֻʩħʱҲо񲨶ʱûзΪԼˡ
ڶѧǰ˳ȥһվͻֱظ飬ɲʱԼ޳£˺
ߡһӹɵ
ΪʲôҪߣΪ˭ͷмһͲʥħѧԺ֡
ߣѵҪҵѧó˷£ǿ϶Ҳ֪ʦʲô¡һٺĿв֮ⲻԶ͡
ҡɫ
»ҲŲ֡һü
Ⱥ޺޵һһۣҶģ쵰϶˵ѧǰȡҲûٴʥħѧԺˡǣȻص˵һһˣѧ۾𱬵ҲйԹԸʱһʱְ汾ԴʥħѧԺ
㵽Ҫʲô·ϣȽ䱸ʵ
Ҫʲô㲻Ǻ𣿻ҪҵӶȥȷһ¡һ
ɫһ䣬˸ҡҲ֪˵ʲôүү£Ȼȥˡ
һĴץסȽЦĲ֪˵ʲôǸҪͷǲ㣿
ǡȷɿĴ
ĲǣһЦʵ
˵ǾͲˣſңٲҽоˣүүɾѧԺʹ
˹Һ£ǷɣҲ㡣һٺЦɿȵ֣ȴûзӦʱġ
㡭ܻҪȳ⣬ͻȻ뵽ʲôƵһˡ
һЦʧıӰϰԵظ˸°͵ĺӡȥȻȵүүʥħѧԺԺѧԺʽȴǹǹĲܵģóһǧϾһˣŲأ˹óȴò
һٺټЦͻȻ뵽һİ취֤үүԸưͿ
һһʥħѧԺͷֱ˸ˣǱĳӶŸˣﰵЦӶã֪Ⱑ


126 


һĵڴϻţҹյһӣ˺Ȼƾʧˡ
Ǹٵ˼βԣֳγ˳ȴǰһͬǸٵȴûӰ١
λֵܣ𣿡һͳǵ
޾ŵתһŲմƮڿУЦеǡ
ǣǡһʶصͷϷӦ˵©ˡ
ĸӶŵģһĵʵ
һСתͷʵӣҪҪ
ǽйͬһ㲻ҪˣЬ䡣⹷ӿǴˣһǽŲմصĹ򣬾֪ǸӲ磬Ҳôġ
ǱӶŵģҲֻ£дͱˡӳһһ
ΪǣΪʲôҪΪǣбʴҪǺڴȥųɡһһеЦֻǲͣתôôթ
Ϊѵһȥų˭֪ʲô
ǵǣһЦǷġų̸⣬ǵųҺء
ӣô죿Сһ޵ʵ
ô죿ô죬ǵС˼ûǿԿһевɱ⡣
·ɡһٺЦÿһ
޴һڳд󣬲ʱһƫƧԺ䣬ܴ󣬻ҲⱩӶŵųҲǸܵ
Եȣǽȥͨһ¡޶һ˵һ㾶ֱ˽ȥ
һǽйӵޱ˵ų롣
һһۼӶŵųʱɳһⱩӶŵֹʵµûĻųӦеɡų߱ţҪϼ֣ϸŨܵëһ鼡ⱬըԵ𡣸һǿҵӾ
һɾЩЦʲôʱ񾭵ҲµˣƯԺӿɲһܲõó
ų֣Ŀȴǳ鶯һúŪˡ
ҾǱӶŵųܰԡ˵̸⡣ܰԾضһǵĿȻ̸⣬⵹ͷһ顣
ܰԣֹһ
ǸǲǱӶŽӵأǿһЦ
ôǱӶżȻһὫɡܰɻ
ȻΪɵ񣬺쵽һǧϾҵһٺЦ
ܰһ㶣ĪëȻᣬ㵽ʲô
ܼ򵥣һϷҼװᣬȻȥһЦ
ܰ¶Ū֮ɫмǱӶõģΪʲôװ᲻Ǹá
᣿ǺǣΪΪʲôôһƼ򵥵BһǧϾҵĽΪϻڱ𣿡һЦƶٷŵӿܰԡ
ܰԺϺ죬ֻһӱķѣҲһĲˤڵء
ų㻹Ϊô𣿡һЦվĵ·
Ҵ򲻹㣬֮һȴǴ´ࡣܰеˣͲ˻һˡ
𣿵ʱڲ½ӶǾɵġһǳһ΢Цɢŵĺ
ܰɫһȵôĿ߳һ
ǿûˡһһģûӶŷɷܣʮ˾߳ãSSޣʵ㴳봫˵ѨҲаȫˡ
ܰԴһֻһ󼱴ٵĽŲϰٵսʿħʦΧסˡ
ܰԵһЦǱӶBӶţǽӶϣΪAӶŵĶ飬һٶħʦٶսʿΪǻ񣿡
ʱΧסӶͻȻһɧңֻΧһ磬ʲô𣿡
ΧӶȺͻȻÿһֻͨһλʮ꣬ذŮ˽
һһΪŮƯ˵ֻ㳤пɣ˫һһأȴһ˫͸ӣһۣһ;һڣԼȫһ
ÿµŮһľ
СãôˣΣգȻطȥܰԼŮȴʼս䱸һЮʡ
һܰԳСŮΪСãʱӶվһŮҰޣôã
Ů͸ῴһһۣ磬õģ˺ҵġ
ܰŮһ˵Ҳ̷һĽ䱸һԿܰԶŮĻһäӵҲ˵ǾΡ
һüЦô֪Ҳ˺㣿
ŮһЦĸҵġ
һʣ֪ôһ칦ܣҲǿΪ֧ŵģղſûиеŮκξ񲨶
ҲᣬܸоŮǹ͸˫ֱһк̽Ѱ
Ů۾һֶϤĵһֻԼ뷨˫۾עΣֻþ˫һơ
סŮһЩؿһͻȻ峺ޱȵĺΪͻȻ͸ˡ
и⣬𣿡һЦʵ
ȻˡܰԴ
ãһʡ
ϻܰԲصһ
һ࣬һ壬ôܻأǡһû˵ȥ˵ӽµģǵ⻰е⣬ǲ˵Ϊ
ŮһЦŪˣҸ粻ˣһࡣ
һشܰģࣿܳҲһ漣ˣǻͻɡ
ʵҸǰģֻǺһֲԾͱˡŮ̾һ
Сãһ˵ôʲôÿȰ趼ʶýܰԶŮĳ;޽
һЦ۾ͨջʱϰԶ


127 Ԥʦ


Ů͸˫תԹԵ˳ȥ
ʱӶŵħʦʩųһ磬ֻҪ粻ƣСӻԲ⡣
һȺ֪ôļһһһӣȫֵɷƾճΧ
ܰһ˳һǲ˷ģνģ
磬Ҫ֡ͻȻִŮļеĽ
Ѿˣһ´˹ħʦʹʦʲô𣬶ְҵĿǰ߾һ֮ңħʦʦЩҲֻħʿʦ֮ں֮ڿɱȣȻЩں֮ǾԵĸ֡
Ϊ˲˷ʱ䣬һǵķ磬ɷȺǱħʦʩչƻħϵˮϵϵħ棬űʦһΣһ´Ǹɱ±ӶҪڲ½ˡ
ܰ㶵ؿŴƬƬµֵܣͻȻһ˫ȻѪ죬ȫʼ죬˾ȻʼѸͻսɽϵʯһ㡣
񻯣һǵһϼعʡһ壬ڼȷŭʱἤǱֿ󣬿񻯺󲻾ʹʱ˶죬иȱǻʧȥǣҿʧȫûʮָ½Ѿܾĩпʵˣû뵽ˡ
磬ҪŮһСųʧȥǵܰԡ
һһŮ˲ҪҪ֪񻯺˿ײϣֻ֪ɱġһֹȴܰŮغͻȻֹͣ˿񻯣Ѫ۾˸
磬Ҫ岻õġŮ׵ܰԵϣΪڵĸ߶ֻĴôߡ
Ůħһ㡣ܰԵĿʧѪҲָԭֱԭģ
𼤶ֻ֣ǽֵܴ˶ѣûһЦ
ܰһǾ壬ܰԷˣȷû˵󻰣һAӶҲɲ񡣡
ǺǣǷԿҵ飿һЦʣѾͷʵڲġ
ܰһһתЦϸ̸̸
ȻһܰԺúõ̸һܿЭ顣һҲ֪ܰԵýСʮ꣬ģܰһû˵ȥˣһҲ֪ȤûʣϾÿ˶вԸ֪ܣԼҲһ
̸֮һȥʱվԺͻСһһк
СתͻȻһ͸˫һ㲨Ƶز
һʶؽ䱸ȴûзԼκ
ʱС˫ָֻͻȻĨΣһ䣺ɫǡ˵תȥ
һЩĪʱСתѪ֮֡
Ѫ֣֮һȻѾͷĪġعСѲˣҡҡͷҪ߳Ժӡ
ֵܣõĻšܰԵһ
ģһʵ
ܰЦЦشתȥɻ૵֣СýôԤԣ
һĶܰԵֺȫ
ԤԣѵԤʦһ𾪵֪ܰԻ񻯻ҪԾԤʦسһֿԤԸ׵ְҵڲм꿪ʼְҵûȷмء
Ԥʦһ߳ԺӣסõȥԺﲻֵֹͣãһսʿһпǴ˵еԤʦ˳Ծ
֪䣬һصõ꣬ͻȻʱСԤԣ˵Ѫ֣֮ҿʱıֵͦġ
ҽվʹõ겻ȥԤԻ𣿡һƿõţһƨɳˣҲȥѪ֣֮СԤʦְҵȷˣ֮Ǽٵġ
ʱͻȻˣ˳˼еһоһ֪һ֪˭ˣϤϢֻϲŻС
һ򿪷ţͼ㲵վ棬ʧǰӣݵӣһӣΪʲôôʹ࣬ȴö˶˵վΪʲôòӦеĳͷ
һľеʹޣвʹжΣһжɵģ
һĲ֪֪βֲ֮ʧʵҪ⣬ΪΪҪһԵΨһ취ɺתֻҪôһжӭж⡣̸װĳڼ֮ԽԽʢƺѾ޿ˣϧԼҲҪɴ˿ɼĺжô
һ߽ݣеظʼն˷ȴһԲ
һ֭ݵǰһɳϣһʱձù
ʱôһһεعȥˣҹɫ˴أõһȴȻ绯ǧʯһһ
Ҳ֪˶ãһ޽鶯̧ͷŴķǣ૵ǹ
֪ѾǴǰˡһƽض޵Ŀ⣬˵
ǶĿָֻԭ㹻ˣһ֪˵
ѾҸıɣ֪Ϊʲôһжڱ۹ʱȻ򣬻ֲ֮ǰĴ°ɡһЩƮ˼ֻصһҹһ罫ƫ˹켣ƬĴ½ȴҲԼһصİ
֪ҪȢΪ˱𣬳ŵѾЧΪʲôԭҵŮˣҺúö㣬һֲɡһ˵֪Ļ˵ģԸǾ˵ֻġ
Ǻǣֲܵʹ࣬һҲֲˣһӶֲˡЦţЪ˹ĳһǵģˣĿˣƾʲôһεģֲʲôֲֻҧҧ
뷨̸ʵƵһϣһڱݺݺҧļϡ
һæȫأڷ˵ûȻȺܶ˶ҪǿɲͭƤǣ˷ҧǺʹġ
оҧѪҺ˳˿ðȾ
Ѫ֣֮Ѫ֣֮һͻȻСĻĪνѪ֣֮


128 ɫ˫


йˣһЩƿԴһѪܵ˿ڷ㶣ҲմȾʺѪ˿
һ̧ͷһƽϧ
ҧˣǲˣûҧĻҧġһЦй˺ңղʵЩľ
ȥǵѪ˿Ѫܳ㲻֪𣿡
֪һֱΪҵѪ㣬ҪȻΪʲôôҵѪҵأһٺЦ
һŵղǲ˵Ҫֲң
ƺ˵ֲˡһЦ֪ڴˣ⣬ֻҪΪһᰮģԼһһġ
ֲˣܱûкáټޱʹ޵ˣȻҸط˽Լ绨һűΪ˱ۼͷıˣΪһ̬ȸϣĻᰮġ
ڴ˿̣˵İʽʼˣ˫öԷԼڽĿǰòƲҪˡ
ȽЩԴ֮вԤСʵһܵӶᷢǸкܴԭǱŭͷԣһǧϾҰүү˹ħʦǹŲƵн𣬵󲿷ֲﶼķħϵĹԼħоϣÿ¸㻨ǮȻ٣˺üֽܹ꣬ҲһٶϾҡ
ҲȫûһʵȻǺȴ֪Լ֮ϣٶԼǼʶġ򲻹ӦҲܵùɣһ겻ɣȹ˰¡ͿȥӶעˡһ룬Ȱࡣ
үүһˡƿŴһȻһΪŵ˷еѵүүҪҵڶȲЦ
ȣпˣ鷿ﴫ˹ϵ
Ӧһ߽鷿з޵ɣֻүүضŮӦ͵ĹϵС㴩ǽ׵ؼۣĻǰµ۹̻ᣬΪħʦòǣ̺ˮüԶɽ졣Ǹ˼˶ᶪ˻ǰɡŮŴ̵ĳԵʮֿɰ
˹ʦŮȰɣ˵ΪħʿˣСĽ֡Ů˹ܣվ΢ЦȣУһøС
ʲôĽأıȵϽ㰡Сòµû۹Ĺ̻ʥŮ֮һ°ɣСöԽǾѾáЦ¼һͨ佱ʮ
Ůһ˹һˡ
ȿȡ˹Ůעתŵ¹֮һῼǵģɫҲˣĻںסһްɡ
ðð½СͬסΣСÿǺͽú˵˵˷ܵ
˾͹ˣҲ˵˵ءµЦ
ҹȺ²ڴϣŮеľɫһ𣬵ϵ¶޹⡣
½㣬˴үүΪʲôأʵ
̾һ˵۹µ۹ڱֽ߽һˣķ˴˵Ҳǿ಻ԣԽԽˣȫսһʱ½ҪսϯʬҰѪɺӵ龰Ҫˡ˹ʦҪ½ħʦ뽣ʥǳͣⳡս
ȵͷǣΪçСħسͻӶ˹ҵս½Ȼ﷢ȫս½ĸеȹҺСƱؾС
СΪսԴ»СС»޵ģϵ໥ɱ¼Ѱսȵһǽ˵µ۹ĳٱ˵۹ĳ챻
¿Цҡҡͷ˵۹ȷʵɹɱ֣ûпʼжĿѾˡȻӶ˫Ҫﱻ̣ȫȫìܵļӾ硣
˵ڵǿԳ尡ʲô¶ûˡ
ô򵥡û˻ŵأķڣϣս׵ռ󲿷ݣŰµ۹Ҳˡ½͵
ߣĸ²ڲˣǸ
ü˵յ˿кܴĿǿ۹ڵòҡ̲ء
۹۹ûһˡͻȻһһ
ŶСǱ۹ĸ۸𣿡²̸ĵĹ¡ȤЦʡ
ȵԺһ֪ϽµһĻ߷ߵĺ޺޷һͷڱ˺ĶݸһЦ
˺һӣ֪𣿾ǿ۹żǸࡣǿǸ쵰
һ㶣ɽϵƬǸˣǸ˵˿ʥŮӵˡüǵõʱر顣׷밮ӦǸʮֳӣǺһģһԲ˻µ
֪ôˣѵЦʡ
ҲûбǸֻǸߺ˵
¼ȵ飬ӺǸ׶ʲôأ׷ʵã͸Ұɡʲô
ƵĿ˿ܣյµضֹš
ģĽ½ˡҲɺա
ȵ˵ͷ˵ֱµһ
ǹ㶼ûŪô¾ɱ֣ҲŶ¹ƽ˵
ʱһ鼱͡ʵ֤ǶԵģǿĴأ˵ôڻ϶Ǳȵġ˵
㲻Ҳ˵Ů˵ǿֻǷŶѣ˵÷з˿ɶûгϰµʵﻹƫ˵ģ˵Ͳ󣬵Ųῴˣʱ緶ôǴ˵Ǹأ
ı顭ګګ
ʵǰҼ˵ֵع򣬾˵ˮϵħʿʵòźܶŮӶᶯģ˵ϲ·
ȺһΪĹȴڿʼҡôһ˵£ͻȻЦ½רΪ˵ûҲϲ˰ɡ
Ϲ˵Ǿ£ܼһϲˡκ΢΢
ŶǾ˵ξͻϲˡץס©ȡЦ
ǣ󷽷ɣ׷ҵĻ˵ᶯŶ
ǰ½ôƯô󣬿϶ܰɫԵߵЦţͻȻƤ¸ʵظһѡ
¾һҲȵظЦСõظɱҵĻ˵ء
λ˾ڴЦֳһţ˯ң¶˴Ƭѩ׵ļֻϧ˴ɫֻϵ͵õˡ
ڶһ磬ǹⷢһͻѸٴˣΪͻǱӶżΧһˣǳ׳֮ħǵأ˵ٸȼͦߵӶΧһˣǽעġƫƫΧһǸӲ磬ʵڲСȻڴ˱Ӷһϵ˲űסӶֵĴһٺᣬǸҰ˵ʱҲʶˡǽϵĹٱ˶ĿһĻ
»ں˯ʱ뷿űõ죬ֵ˯Ů
Ůһַ顣ȴ˸Ƿ·ţǼŮʵʲô°
үڴأȥŮͷ
֪ʲô𣿡Ƚŵʵ
ֻ֪֪ӶˣȻүӡŮش
Ӷᣬѵɫһף嵽һȥˣǼһﲻôù汻趼ʶ˰ɡ
ôˣʵ
һſˣүү϶Ҫˡ
Ҹһȥɣ˵˵顣˵
߽ʱ˹ɫɳϡ
үүˡӵ
˹һֽӸȣŭ㿴ǲӶᷢģ˼ˡ
Ƚӹֽչһүүҷģ𣿡
⻹м٣糿ڳǽ˶ˣǲʱүү̫ˣȻһǧϾҷһ񣬼ֱǺ֡˹Ƣͻ𱬣һҲվһ߲˵ˡ


129 ŭ


ɵ˫ĿʱͻȻִֻʣһˣ֮ͬһȴ֪ˡǺһһ˯ģ˯İãҲһ˯ȵһˡ
ûмһЩ£ǳ쵰Ҳ֪ȥˡ
ԡϴʱͻȻ˿ŵǼæ˳ȥĿıһǲҲ̶õӣѪ߰ߣ·Ҳԭݵ׵øͷƵġ
ôˣ㶰Żعʵ
һѩ׵ݣٺЦ˼ֻЦϼֱȿ޻ѿ
˺һ٣ǲظ˰һжôʹƵġ
һͣһʱĲӦ˸߲ҵģɲ֪Ϊʲôûôģһ˵ĹоƷŭۡ
ȻڵҲ֪жأΪʲôûб˸ءһת˵
һ˻һһ°͸˸ƺ˰˵ʵɣǲˣ
ۡЦһ㣬Һ޲öȭ߳ŭתһ׳͵ȥ
ջ֡һϱĵطȥһ飬ȻûлظһΪԼ־ˣܿ˲Ծǰһһ˺Ƭء⡱˺ԭһжǼٵġ
ΪαװҾͻ𣿺ΪˣֶΡץеݲϳһȥΪ쵰ȡͬ顣ǵģͬۡ
ģҽ͡һ˵
˭ҪĽ͡ϿȥˣһڷȥɡشһĻ߳ţһŹص졣
Ůˡһε૵ղŷƢӡ¶һ˿΢ЦûŰֻղŵıƺĿֽһЩҪȳǽƤҽ̵ȥڻġ
£һȥܰߣʱһǧϾҵӦõ˰ɡʵһȥֻҪΪܰԵС˵ֻĺܺ棬ǷܹԤĩ𣿲֪ܷ񿴵ĩô
ܰסԺ䣬ȴ֮ڼңĳطȥˡһСûڣͼһɫŮ߹һϵϢ֪С
߽Сȡ£¶˫˳Ե͸˫
ôÿ۾ΪʲôҪأһЦʵ
ÿ𣿾˫۾ҴСͱ˵ħССΪ˫ڲͬ۾ܾ˱˵꣬ĸܰһֲ˫˫ĵĸĸЩ겻֪˶ٿܾ࣬˱˵ۡ
Ƕĩ֪Ǳп־̬ԭǵɡһǺЦ
Сһ˵ĺ֣ҿ͸㡣
ô͸첻ԤѪ֮û뵽ӦˣɲԿҵĩôģһ
Сҡҡͷ˵ҵˮƽ̫ͣķǳģر㣬ĹȥĩǳɬƺֲͬĹ켣ǸԤͷ˺ðء
һһ㶣ֲͬĹ켣ǲһԭĶһԼأˣԼģǼԼ·ɡǰѵĽ̹پ˵ÿ˶һǧˣؼԼѡһˣѡ㡣
С̸һһŮĶǳ࣬Ҳǳ㲩һںŮӣҲһܼįŮӡ˫ܶϤĵ͸˫һǺԸദ졣ʵҲ޹ֺ˻ᵱ࣬һ˫£еƺΣһûܵʱ򣬿֪жô֡
ػصŮʱȻֶˣһȣһȴǴĩľŮ޺˵Ż
ܣ֪λĩŮǾȻ۹Ĺ£λȻⲻ໥
Ǵ𣿡ʵᵽͺ޵һϷ˵ԼʧһǧϾңүүѵұĩһ㻨Ǯ
һ죬ǵġ
Ǽһôˣ𣿡ʵ뵽ʱĲ״ƽһЩһǧϾҿɲܰ׻
ȣ̫˵ʲô˼޺Ҳ¶ͬɫոʱȿûһ֮¡
㲻֪𣿽ϱӶżΧһˣ˵òˣ㲻Ǹմ𣿲֪£ֵ
Ҷĳˣ޺޾֪Ϊʲôһ£ͲЩġ
һ翴Ǹģ˵ϵ˶ǼٵİһΪ
ʲôٵģ类β͵èƵһŤǰһﾹȻͨƭթһǧϾңʵ̫ɶˡ
쵰ȥʡȷŭûҪȥһȥ
ס˵ȱ𼤶ȥҲûõģǮѾˣҪɡ
޺ɻʵʲôˣ
ԹԵһˮһͨʼͷƽһЩǹƵĽʼĩһ飬Խ˵Խ쵰ֱ׳ˣˡ
ɶһҪǴɡߵ仰һܽᡣ
ȣ򲻹ѽЦ
ҡȶʱһתȵµֱ۵½㣬ҺϵѵͲŴ򲻹
ҿɰﲻ㣬±ģ˼ҷҲ޿ɺƣǰ˵ҪѵÿǻġЦȴһĮҲ֪Щʲô
ĺǻ쵰𣿴Ų˵Ǹ𣿡ʵȴûз޺޺ɫѾͷҲʵԵһЩֻҲʳ
ָܿ˵Ȼ˵ҵˣŮˣҺĹϵô򵥡
˼һЩһʱӣʱŮ¥ͻȻ


130 ʥ


ԽԽ󣬵ݺݺ˽뾪һſԴӸ̽ԶĻǳ׳ۣ͸ǽͻȻԴһ㡣
ŮҲߵŮ¥Χ˿ֵѧһ۱㿴ֵԴȪһŻĿһʻվ¥£ӿŵǰʻƴĲ½֣һ֣һĺģٺһ֣ɵӶ֪ʲô˼
Ů뾪һ
Ҷء޺Цһ˿죬絹ǱĲãȻһǰ޹˵ķӡ
ҿĽ㰡ǲӦȥ˵ףȷʵЩĽŮӻٶЩģôһֶΣ⣬ֿŮӵĵõ㣬ֻǰƤҪ
΢΢һ죬޿ɷϣĵôһ˿ϲɲȥҪҪء
쵰ƤҲأû뵽ˡһ
һõȲЩġⷽǰþ˵·ˣӦͷһɣЧɡ
أǻȥˡɴƤټӺһɣһ˫Χ״˵Ұ㡣
˼Χ۵ѧ˿ʼˣҲźҰ㡣
ֻмˣݱеʼŮһһغֱ֣ЧǽʥħѧԺʦ˹ҲԽԽࡣǺѧԺʮ֮ڶš
ڵŮĿɿڴһҲ̫˰ɣѧԺ˶Ķȥ֪ᷢչʲôء
ȥɣȻĻֳ֪ʲôء޺˵ΪеֺЦ
ҧҧֱӴӴ£ŮƮƮһǰոջҵΧһӰʥħѧԺȵͣһΪɰòڲ½÷зǿ¼Щ˲֪һǺֻ뿴ʲôؾٶ
һһʻӭϣ˫ֽ˹ȥûԥؽӹʻΧȺҵȻһִǰ˲س֮ˣСгֵӣŽ˵ף
ֻԺһţһЦͻȻһƽ΢Цȥس嶯һǸΪʲôҪЦôÿԻˡ
һ˼ضţһĻڱ˵ȴһˡ
ͻȻһ̫ѨһеĿڶ΢΢һתͷָоϾʧˣĿķŮĴţۼһĻŮǸͨòͨĿŴ衣
һɻüûж룬ЯȥȺɢȥΧƵĻȴʼһղ󰮵ĳ棬ⳡ»ԶʥħѧԺʷᡣ
ҹɫһͻŮᣬǿҪģ⵹ΪϿ˳½˵һЩʧļԲȶһǶģֲǼɴˣǵĸŨһЩٰҲá
һԹԵرߺٺֱЦţĽŲͻȻЦҲתʮ״վһֵӰ½еαװʽˡ
һȻһ裬ʮףֻʮʱŲǰĩе
ĩһڣѾеľ޽ֱָһһӴѹǵسһӿһʮֳǴĩй顣ƣһ֪ǰ˾ǽʥһĶǿߡ
ʥû뵽һһϲ־ѪҺ˷ܵط
һӿռָȡ޽ǿľ͵һţѶԷ缲ǳ˳ȥ
ֻһ죬һɫĽâһţһ˻ȥ˵˺üվΣս˫飬Ѫֱϳ塣ֻ΢΢˿һСһ۱ֱܷ
һ˦˦֣ŶںϽҹˣЩԾʦ뽣ʥһ֮ʵȴһһڵأİԺͽʥĶӲƴ
һûгɷæͽʥԿѵõĻᣬصĽʥϲûиоɱ
һааЦݣһٴξ˾޽ͺһǬŲԭһӰʧһѳ˺˵󣬾޽ϵɫĽâְһɫĹâʵɽ
ĩо޽ȴ糤۾һ㷴ָסһϮľ޽һƵһһȴ˶
һȴǵˣо޽γһƬƬƽӵĽâȥһԭĩһȴҲûб÷ˡ
ʲôڿˣʮ־ȣȴЩ죬ֲлŮ
һٺһЦħרɱҼ˵Сˡ
ҲŭżҵСҿ㵽ѧЩʲô
˾޽ڿ黮£ɫĽâùâһһƴ˶ˣٶȱޱȣһǬŲҲ̶áֻ˵ľ޽һɫĽâһŰΧ
âͬ㴩͸һӣȴ˿ڶû¡תͼһһڿУԭղŻеֻһĲӰ
֮նһһ׼ʩչϵħԪϵħ
ǵ˳֮ʣһŷĶȻȫʹμæֻâһžһѣɢ¶ɫĻס
ϱﵹͦҸղûסҲ˲㡣˹Цһ
һɴཫȥڵϣٺЦʥȻΪʥĶ治ʹ
Ҳ֪˵ĲҵұʹģұĶٷ֮ʮٶһ˵ҵҿ޵еĴڡ˰Ȼ
ǿɲһʹöѵʹħ𣿡һЦȻųһ˼
ɵؽϮȥ׺ɢЦȻʩħȴҪ½һ룬˵ʲô˺


131 


һ֮ǰڻçСħʦսмʶϵħʦ˹ħȫܵħԪأ˲ʩħ⶷Ҳ֮ͬ
һҪͻ˵ѣֻҪųڰռĿޣʵĲǰҲǲһģSSħʲôʩ͸Էһ򵥡һȴ붯ÿޣ˶ԵģһԿ޳ǿĹԲôʵͻչ
ؽʥĶһʹöǾζ´ǿħҲʹֻомħ
ɣżҵСӡ˹
䣿ٺ٣ҵֵû֡һһҹյ˫ͻȻĹâǿľֳ֣һγһ׶ˣһȴγһžƺ˵жͬʱʶеķϵħԪˮϵħԪء
ȱһľϢزס˼ľ׶ܼϮ˹ȥֻȫ͵һɫͻȻγһ֣˾׶Ĺһľȴ總֮βϣһǰֵľ񹥻֮һһסֻб׵ķݡ
һһеĸħܵѩӶʼоġ֮ǰȴûгɹ
ϵħԪˮϵħԪطۼʮʥħںϣҲǾġ
һСͣɫħԪؿʼУγԴСıˡ
ˣһһϲһָűʼź˳ȥһϲʱʩŵķڰ;ͻȻʧΡֻصıм
һɥԼԴֻһ㣬ֻһͿԳɹˡƽʱҲûʲôڿǹؼʱ̣Ȼˡ
һֵǣ˱ľסȻֻǶŸܡƺڳЦ
һջͲһû취ϵħϵħΪǿˡһʼʶеɫϵħԪأ׺ģš
رɫۣ˿˿ڿҴܣǴȻӴһɽѹ˾̣Ѫӿ
ϵħڱɫһ
һֱ۴СĳһֱӺ˺˵ϣŵĶγɵػһ󲨶
ֻȫ飬ʧɫϵħȻǿ󣬸ͲӲ
ʱһըףʮһ׶£Ŀֱָ۽ʥһһͨУͳɽ̼ٶȺ죬룬ʶʩųзӡı֮ڣǼǰһλˮϵģ12ˮϵ񼶷ħԷʮһµκħԼʥµĶ
ֻ۽ʥ˳һתĵʱʮѺɾǻ⿴ƴĺʱɫͻȻת볯һ˹ȥ
һһֱ·˲仯Ϊɻңĺڷó𣬿ҵĵϵħԪһֱײһͷ鵽ţɫĵ֡
Ҫת˰ɣһŴ죬ֱֱȥʵκһ˱ʮͬʱУͻɢһѽ̼·˷ɻң˼ں˼롣
ɫûʧȥʶɢˡһһǰָոշŵϾ˻ʱһȫǿĵͲ
̾һ˳ͷ֣һͷںڵ㷢˦ȥһȴ˼һʱѳ壬Ŀ¶֮ɫ
û뵽һתôˣʱÿ찡ȫʱ鴤ŵһ૵ﾹȻ¶Ȱ֮ɫ
һɲ֪ԭ۽ʥȻһλʱǾ嶼ż尾Ȼ˵׵ģӴĵϵħԪһͬڣһʵҪըĸо
һʶѣȴڣʶɫħԪؿʼ£ÿϸĵϵħԪء
ܿģʶϵħԪؾʹﵽһ˵ĳ̶ȣȻϴڳ˱ǳֻϴˮϵħԪعʣǵϵħԪء


132 ʥ


ܰõػصո쵽һǧϾҵֵ¥ﺣһ١齨ӶɵһϷõôһǮǮǺ׬
أСĵƻţֱֹѾͷڸʲôأô˯
СķţȴûӦ
Сãڲڣ˰ܰ˵ֱ˽ȥС档
ܰԹϷţƿǽϵһһħĲ¶˳ͳһħƬ˽ȥǽϢسԻ˿Ȼһαװħš
ħŵ澹Ȼж죬һǳԲңҵǽϿ˴ЩɫʵĸԼ޵ͼʲôûУֻмһ͹ʯ̨˾̾ıϷȻ͸ģһ̧ͷ嫵ǿա
Сһطĵɫ۾ʯ̨ϣͷ޾ǿգϣ۴źŻɬ
ܰûдСֻǰվһעС㵭ŵӿŨŨů⣬Ϊڣʵ̫̫ࡣʮꡣΪֻöӶʱûĸӶԸҲû˭ԸʡһֻСʲôءֻõɣ֮F𵽺AϿ
СʲôʱʼӵԤԵأܰԿʼ䣬ʮСʮ꣬ȥһ㷢Ϊñˣ͸˫ʱ˸ǵĹâʱԶ˵ûͷûԣʱΪĺȴ֮һһʵ
ԺСģʱֻ˵Ժǵļˡô׷ʣСտڲ
ܰʱС͸˫ʼ˲ֱ磬ôˣ
ܰԾѹЦղſķеƣԱһ¡
Сͷʯ̨ϻ£վܰǰ
СãôңܰԲȻ
硣ʲôСʵ
ҵ룿ҵ齨һֻSӶţΪ½Ӷ񻰡ܰЦ
ֻ룬֪롣Сʵ
ܰʵСãǲǵõ˹ҵԤʾ
Сת۾߽˵ʬݺɳ͹֣޹⡣
ʬݺɳܰظѪڣжԵʬ֮룬һսĽｭɽ
½ƽƣ죬õĽ½ս֮СС
ܰԺһͣ۷Ź⣬Сã˼ʵĻᣬӦôأ飿
Сҡҡͷ̾Ҳ֪Ԥʾ
һ˹˫Ŀ۵ı类ϴһ죬գʮֵ
ôһӲѣһʱ벻𵽵׷ʲô顣
һϺ»ȥŷȫĩƬƣһƬɽҰ֮䡣
찡ѵұĳˡһ૵ɺЦҡҡͷʮԼ
䣬صĽʥԾһĻʱԼʩŵ׵ˣȻʶ˯֮С
ǼһﲻǱ̬ɣ֪ûжԱүֶšһţһϮƤֱ
ֹͣ˼룬һΪԼŶ˷ܲѣƷþǲһˣҪءһ۾ʶУɫľʱû֮ǰôˣ෴ﻹЩϲΪĵϵħѴﵽħʿľˡһֵ磬ʲô鶼пܷʶħˣ֪ԺϵħԪǲҲ̻һ
֪ǸʥȥˣΪʲôأһŤͷܣͻȻĿһԶһΪıӰŮ񻣬һصĵϳںڵ㷢ٲһ㴹
ף۹ˡһоȣһͷںڵ㷢Ϳ֪ĹˣֻһͨŮôƫƧɽأһȷͨˣ˵ǽʥһġ
ιŮһһ
ŮתͷվһǰһʱŷıӰŮഺѲˣӴʮͣƤʮֺãľµٿԿʱµˡ
㣬ð֪ôһϵĺԼýģ´йһ㡣
㣿һĳƺϵıʮֹ졣
ʱָ㵱ȻǱҴġ
ģɱҵǸʥһ
Ҿǡ
һһû˵½һλŮʥ½ôһЩĸֲΪ֪ģ⵹Ҳ֡
ΪʲôңҺг𣿡һʵ
ûСҡҡͷ
żг𣿡һʵ
ҲûС
Ϊʲô˻ˣ㲻֪ûˡһشе
ڲǻúõ˵ңľͻ𣿡ͻȻ¶һ΢Ц
һ룬⵹Ҳǣײ壬ĵϵħҲһӴﵽħʿľ硣
ҺżҲйһβǳԨԴ֮ǰĺΪѵ㻹ˡâһʱһͷš
һһȴĻ˵żйǳԨԴ룬۾ͻȻһЦ㣬ĪҼͷйʲôţ
һһԴʹȴǱ߳ŭԴ
Сں˵ЩʲôҵͶˡŭ
ʲộһһۣûιȥ
Ǹүүһ˵үүһȣ˵һȴɫзŭˣ׷ڣۣ緭һ任ţζ̾˲ȫ˳
һı飬ղŵĲ²ǰ˾Ųʮˣ궨Ǵĩүүйһ顣


133 ޴̼


ãʼһ̾ŵʧȡ
żжԷԣүүˣ㸸ҲˣСӡԺúöвҪ۸á˵꣬ͻȻЩһģתΪһӰƮȻԶȥ
һЩʧӦүүðɣֻǱүүӦ÷ǳż˲ŶԣղԼԼ̬ȣȴǳĴȰ·һ㡣
֣֡һų˼ļУйүүļ䣬ֻ֪үүڽ֮λŭʧˡ
һӿռָóһ·ϣһ·򣬿ʼǹȥһУһϲӣѴﵽ˶㶥ˣͻƵļӦˡʵ̫ˣһʱͻưڶ㣬ŵŹʦүҲһﵽˮƽɡ
õػصõ꣬һŽȥͻȻŵеζԡŻˮȻϴ裬һһŮˡ
һٺһЦϴĳ϶ûбˡΪõķŵԿ׳ֻ֮С
һЦųԡȥһӻѾͷȴҪ˯šзŹ֮ԭװ֮ҪǺ룬õȵʲôʱ򰡣罫˵ܵĹϵǸȻȻһЩ΢ı仯
ܲˡһĵֽԡҵƿ۱׵û۵ƨɡţصķۺ칵ִɫľб¶һ˲ʯԭء
ëɫһ֪ǰ˶ԲСƨ˵ҲԲѩףȴǲ
С䡣㾫ôһϴȵĳŮת
ĿԣĽŮŴͣȴ翨˿һ㶨ԭءǾ֮ɫһʱز
һǰŮȻ֪ӡһȴƲӣǾӣͣҲС˵ġ
Ůļţ̰۰ף޳Ǿ£ǰһ°񣬰ȻͦΣմ˵ˮ顣֮ˣһֿգСƽ̹Сɵضǿɰһȴ֮ϵһɰ룬һ崿Ůƾһұ
һѹסѷڵͻȻŮʮ죬һʱ֮벻
ʱͻȻ죬Կ׿ţ֮µһʶؾȥɸոһȴͻȻһɲλΪһֳԡ֮У˳ְԡҲˡ
ʱŮȻع˫ֱض¾ҪСһһǰסŮ죬Ů塣
Ů֣ͻȻɢǿҵħ
ҪˡһŮĶ˵ȵϢŮؾµĶŮһĲ
ʱſˣ洫޺޵Ӵİ
ǰ¥ݡڴǱ
Ǵħʦð֪ʲôʱſԽ޺ЦЩĽ
޺ޣ㲻Ҫѵ˸߼ħʦĶ壬ͻǳ顣ο
ף¹أ޺ͻȻʵոһԼŮظǼһҲ֪ȥˣ˺һȥЩŮԵ˽Ʒȴϲõꡣ
ʱµŮСС˽һƿԡ㾫޺кȻԡе㾫ˡ
ּģǿ˾ƺҲϴˡһСԡңһ۱ܿͨ͸вĵط
ʱһĿͣԡұϵĴԡͰֻܶˡɿ£ƮƮʢˮԡͰ
ҽ㾫ýˡС仰䣬ԡҵžӦº͸˵˫գҲû̫⣬ΪԡʱʹƤ¶ߣҲǼֵ顣
ǰӹСеԡ㾫Щҵˣȥɡ
Ҹ걳ɡС˵žȻԡͰ
´ʧɫֻҪߵԡͰϾܿˮ׵һˣɾ޷ʰˡ鼱֮£һСǰˮУѩ׵ƨɾôȥ
һɲˣҪ֪һͷԡͰģȴɵòɵһƨһϣ
һ۾ѩססˣֻһƬ˿˿޵ĸоˮıǼ䴽ɨɨȥ
Ȼ۲ܼƤ֮޼޽Ӵһ˷ܵѪܶҪˣܽӴĵطȻŮ˽ܵĵطִ̼ĸܹܵء
СĻһʱ֪Ů֮ǰ۹£Ҳǹ̻ʥŮ֮һݣһиǶһ޷Աĸо룬࣬ݸ߹ʥŮ˽ܵĵطѹϣִ̼Ŀб֮Ҫ갡
С䣬Լˣȥɡǿ򶨵˭֪ʱˡ
ŶСЩֵؿһ۱ȥˣǰÿϴ趼Ҫ걳ģôҪˣǱͲȥһ㡣
棬޺ɳһǸղĶһѵĻ̵£Ȼ˷ӣԱ߻һЩװֵĶӵһˣȻ֪ЩŮÿʱҪõĶ
С䣬ǹôͻȻϴ谡޺ֵʵ
ŶǹЩ񱣬ողСŪ˵·Թ͸ɴϴˡС
ԡСȥ¸Ͻһͷһ۾ֱһŵĿԼղλã±հʼðˣſ죬ȴϷӦס
ùһԡԼĽ۾һ죬ͻȻ÷ǳί¼ˡ
һʪܴԡͰ¶ȳȵ£̿ˮԺвظֳһ˿ҵľ塣ܿ㷢еǵɫʱɢˡ
¹ĺܶԲҲ֪档һԼǸ⴫ȥ
̧ͷݺݵһһǸ֮ӡ
޳ܡ·ŭһ͡


134 


һʼ磬ΪЦЦڵЩͷ۽Ӧô죬ǼѾͷһֱҪ
¹㻹ǿȥɣ취ǴߣҪȻҵνͬĻھͿԳȥһЩˣĸо
»æһǰ棬Ƥļһľô˳ȥһ˵ĳõǺ嶯ȫУ¼ӡ
ҧҧһԼɫָʱŲ˳ȥ
¹ԸУͲҶͻȻ𣿡޺޼ԡ߳Ц
ǿЦЦ֪ǳһʹˣ۸˹
ҪҾ۾º޺޵
Ҫˣˣ¹ҿظǲպ˺ܶ£һ״ɡ޺Ц
ˣҴˡµӿռָóһ·ȥԡʼ£Ǿ壬ͬΪŮ޺޺Ҳɿֱۡ
˳ͷͻȻŶӵѾ磬ЩˡȥԷɣҿһʱҲˡ
ôһ˵ŮҲЩˣһͬȵ¥¾¥ȥò͡
׼Ҫš޺ͻȻסЦǵһ£ȥϸ˵ת㳯ԡȥԡ棬ħһľһʱ벻ʲôֹ޺ޣܲܲ׼˼ϲɡôһԥ޺ѳԡ¾ر۾޺޵ؾǹ˰Ρԡȴһ㶯ûУٹһ޺޺˳һͬʱҲ֣Ǽһȥˣ޺һûС޺֪ԼĶǰޣǲ֪ʲôķӦ
һĹԡҹԡؼͻȻֻֻţһǺӺ˳һ۳봹µԡܵסĿռ䣿ܵסһķ֮һɣɾôСһ鲼һһ١
һ˶һˮϴԼЩ̵Ŀû뵽޺޻ͻȻ˵ҪϲʱѾ׼ȳ䲻⽫ס͡չ鲻̫գʱĩùǹԼһԲССԡ档
һ˦˦ϵˮ飬ѹ޺ûпֻСټ뵽ǵޡ͵Ŀô̼ѣģʲôûп
ãܺ˼롣һҡҡͷŶԼȻ겻ͬϵѪԵϵȴ޷ıġ
߳ԡңһȻһѻ̵£ЩѾͷȥҲߡһǰһСڿ㣬в̾µʦ˼빻ǰڿ㲻һڿĲ࣬Ҿǰ͸أȤѿʼչˣ
޺ޣõĺ¥ڶ¥Ҫһᡣ
ôˣС񲻶Ӳʵ
û¡ҡҡͷ
¹´ǴȥӣĶ¥ҲȲϵġ޺˵ԴϴȥһκһֱܻĴȻʳ
ӣ³ɵȻҲΪֶ⡣
޺ЦŽͣӲֵطˣһŮķݣֻдŮ͵Ŷ
ȻֵطҵȥʶһˡŮ֪أһ˵дпͿ϶¡ֻдŮͣ⵹Щ벻ͨˡ
ԵЩĬֻżӦһ䣬ʱ򶼴״ֻ̬޺֪ڵ֮ǰǺ˺ܶˣǰÿ춼ޱ飬ʱһҲ˵һ仰֮һɱӣһľɫŮȴӲǴϸоһ
޺޲˺ܴı仯ٳһﲻʱѵÿԴϿ΢ЦԼŭȵȣһжѳѷ죬Ǹ̼Ķ⣬Ҳûܹˡ
Ů극صõ꣬ƿʱͼһŶɳϿ飬ϵЦ
ǲŻô̵Ʋʲôһƿ鱾ЦָһԼŮƷ
޺޺һ˹ȥЩǶ¿ռָڡ
¼װƽ˸ͲԾȴй¶ʱ飬Σߣߡ
һվ׵һԣµͻȻһƬ죬ǰ¹ּˣ֪¹ų֮ˣȴ뻹ű߻֮ݡ
½ҧһﻹװֱһ׵׵αӡΪһ˿̵ĳһ̶ȵĺøУֺøȴڽȫȫʧˣȡ֮պޣһ˵ĸоǺõġ
ղүƤӹǼ˰±װһµģһǿɶЦݾͲɻðɣһｫ۸ˡ
¹˵ﻰ˵Ŀɾ䶼Ƿθ֮ԣһþĶǰһٺЦһĸֻǿ
޺һ绹ǽɽ׸ģƣһŮƲ۾ˣڣ֮ʣеˮƽǱǰ࣬˵Ļ⶯ǸŮ˿¶˶İɣµıƺˣѵǰʱ˼Ҷֶˣڵ֣ҪŮӻֵȴħʦļ𲻶ˣå
һڵӣûһ쵰ôûֻ㣬߻̫ˣϧ
ҲΪʲôòó˽ۣһԱŮôڣǴĴģߵƻûʵ֣Ȼ᲻ˡ
ʱ޺۾һһߵ飬ȥһͻȻ࣬类һ㽫׷ɡ
Сãôһֵʵ
޺ÿҪѪŭɫǣȻ顣
飿ʲôдúܺðһЩĪ˺ܾòŷһС˵ĶºܲЩXXOOд̶ֳȶһԶʮһ͵˵ֱԺԲƣǸAƬĵд͸СѧдĶһ
бۿ˿֣д֣ƿ÷ɫǡ


135 


ƿ÷ڲ½ڽһ࣬ԭ޵԰д
֪Ȿ飿ѵҲһٺЦһ˫ضżŮ
˵ôῴ飿ŭ
ûǸ˵ɫǡһթЦ
ǡȻ˵ˡ޺ګګûϵطĨΡ
˵ģٺ٣ףҶסһһֵЦݵͷȴԽ
ŮһЦôɶ޵ʵһ˵Ҳûǵȷ͵͵Ȿ顣ƿ÷˵ǽ飬½ĸȨ̵ļûظһ׵ġǰһЩĹŮʼ͵͵Ȿ飬඼ͬѶڷ￴࣬ܿ죬Ȿڲ½ҵС˼һȵʰĵزʱС֮һʵĵһ仰ǣ죬㿴
ܲһֳĵЦټϽԡҷ飬ݺݵһһ۱ŮС뿪ˣ޺Ҳ֮˳ȥֻʣһˡ
ɲʱĿԣЩȻؽ뿪
һɳϣ֡
ͷŤһʼǰһȴһ޺ӵľ롣һЦסһů
°͵ԴǼط㣬ȻĸоһͻȻ֮ԭӦƵġ
ȥˡе΢΢Щֱʵ
ţ㲻ߣįֻĴιˣһСľڳǽɽ˯ˡһЦŵ
ûʶʱжôᡣ
һһ֣§Ĵֿʼﲻ룬һһŮˣǽһô顣͵Ŀɱ͵ˬˡ
ְסһֵĴ֣Ҷ
ûҶǺйɵĶǷءһٺЦ
̧źݺݲһĽϡһʹԾؿЦ
ЦƯԺҪǰЦһЦҿɾͲˡһֱ̾
Ϊʲôʵ
⻹Ҫϰǵ΢Цһ쿴ˣǲǱɱһҪʹ˵⻹𣿡һַסͷƵ۾ȴ˸ŽĹâ
ȻǲӦǰЦһЦأϰ뿪ʱ᲻أ
ʲôأһʵ
ѹһ롣ǲӦҲһʥħѧԺѧϰǾͿһˣţ㡭ҲԾЦˡ˵һ䣬¶ӵ΢Ц
һһڿˮ˵ʵЦغˣرǴ˺ߴӵ΢ЦƾһŮеġ
Ժ̸ǿʼ°ɡһٺЦҪСȥ
ݵ̧סһĴ죬ҧ´㵽׽ʥħѧԺ
һͷеģһֺЦÿһ𡣡
ͷĸԼÿһһģܿᰮġ
ǺðɣΪһȥˣʥħѧԺ˵ܽذɡһ
㱿ʥħѧԺй涨20´ﵽмħʦˮƽ˾Ϳѧûмħʦˮƽ׳ƵĿһһƣʥħѧԺֲȤѵǵ֪һѱвѵ׵ҵĴϣȻһѹȥ
С챻⣬ʵĿ
һɵͷ࣬˱еҺһǼͦϣɵš
ŤͷһĴ죬Ҫҡ
ĩ˵ֱ꣬һˣһڵĴ̼ŪȫҲ֮ġ
һԵãֻ»ƽ̹СָһӦһѹһĴȴǳֱµĴŮء
ɲʱһƬͨ죬ֹɴ۾ͷŤһߡ
һĴְŮĵطɫȴͻȻЩŹ֣ĵ׿ʱһ಼һĶû´ĻòŮԵƷ
һƵֱ֪ΪʲôܲõˣԭŮ˵ĴˣԽǵͷֲʵˡ
һش֣ǺÿҪЦĵĺҲ˵һҰ׸һ
۾֪һ˵ĺӦþָǸˡһϸߵĿɣҧҧ㲻࣬ҲҲԵġ
һһ㶣̲סٺЦѾͷɵÿɰһȻ֪ŮʱױȾټɫҲµġ
һЦΪڳЦԼʱŭ˺ôľĲ˵ڵģһﾹȻЦǴĻ
ЦЦһ˵һȭߡ
һֹסЦĵúãҲЦˣĲЦˡ
˰ΣһĻУʼϰһĻˣֻԼûвȥ˭벻˭˵ˡ
ʱԾر˵ǹһߵŮӦҲŮ˰ɣԸΪаŮŮеķӦúذɣԼǲǱȵأﲻһΪ֪ԼһһȲǸŮ
ԺһҪɫȫȫⰮһȻ󡭡˦˵СԴͻȻ˦˦
ôˣûҡͷһֵʵ
Щ֣ղ뵽ҪһȫȫⰮ֮ʱԺͻȻһƬɽɽ˵Ļ棬뽫ЩܽܵĻ˦Ժ
һû׷ʣʱŮֵֹģ˵ŭʱŮΪ
ͻȻ
ţһӦһлתżŮӰ˿̣ģݷ˫¶櫣ǵЦòԺǷ΢Ц˼ȴҡ
һĲɵӣסݺһת


136 ѧ


һҽһεڵŮ˹Ȼϲŭ޳
ղʲôЦôᡣʵղһĲɣȴ͵Щ룬ˡ
һЦһ£Ҳ̾뼸ŮҵŮˣҲĺýá
һ˼ı飬бѷƺһЩΪһ˵֮Ļȴôֱ׵ǰ˵ԱŮ˼Щµͬʱȴһʶּһ㣬ıˣ壬ϲɣƺҲûôˡ
Դˣһı飬Цʵ
ûУŮʲô°ܲϣеǵ㲻ľΪԴס
ûУƾҵľ飬һǳԴף԰ɡһЩĻЦӾͷ·һֻƵĸ󡡣
˵ҲûСŭһƿһŵŵ´ҡ
ûоûôӦĪǡһ૵ǲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ŭضүү˹˵һ뱩ӶǱΪϻƭ顣
үүǲܾôŹǣرǸ󻵵ǿǽħϵǮƭˡɿôҲʲ´ͷβġ
˵ǿ۹żǸΪĶСӣ˹ʵ
Ǹ޳ܵåȺ޺޵ˣåԶҲˣǻ쵰Ȼ½£˵ԼǴĩظ̫ɶˡ
˹Ůҧгݵӣŭǻ쵰ǲ۸ˣȥ
һæûûУƾǳһﻹ۸ңҿŮ
˹𱩵ƢÿҲȥÿ졣ͷʵСӦòĶ֡㲻۸õˡ
ǣƭүүǮǲǸúúýѵһٰȵ
ⶼǳģǮȥˣҪҲҪˡүүһϵħʦȥһСƨ鷳ⲻЦȻʲȥССѵһˡСҲض֡˹һǧϾڻ۲أСǸúúýѵһ¡
⡭ȶʱ˵Ϊ֪һĶֲ뾡취˹û뵽ǰʯͷԼˡ
ʥħѧԺ궼һرԱİ칫ңרոŮԼʮ£ʵﵽмħʦꡣ֮ôһ칫ҶҶԸŮ߲ܣʵҲǲѶΪ֮ʥħѧԺֱǹңǹһٵٵСҪսƵĲ½ȥֺøǱġ
նʮ£ʵﵽмħʦҲһԱ֮һǰ;Բҵ֮󶼳Ϊ˸Ķ֮ģǹѣҲȡ
дһļȽУϾܷ࣬죬дȴһѧˣһ˺䶯
һΧڰ칫⿴ֵȺпЦѣԭ̫Ҳһ°պ䶯ȫѧԺ¼ڻΪֵЩɴģǺƤԽԽˡ
һаһλɫϵħ۵ʦӹһݹı۴Цʵ
һ
Ů¥ڵľɣǷͦģʦǺЦ
һ
ˮϵмħʦʦʵ
һͷֱֹһôЩϻдȴƫƫҪһ顣
ûħʦĵȼֳ֤ʩһˮϵмħûɡʦ˵
û⡣һ¶һЦССмħ򵥣װģһһӣһ̽ұߵӶ˱顣
ܺúܺã㱻ȡˡʦ˷ܵѧУֶһӣǸԺѧУ»ɡ
ʦ˷һӣ˰εͷڸ߼ħϵˮϵħAɣϣúѧˮϵ߼ħʦʱǰ;һƬˡ
ˮϵħA࣬Ѿ̫˰ɡΧ۵һԱҲ׷Ľ۹⿴һ
һĹֵʲôడʵõѧֻΪӦԲѲġΧ֮˷ĸ̾ʵ˵ʦˮϵħAʲôرôôӦ
ʦٺһЦȥȻ֪ˡ
һνʼ磬һＵʵҪı飬ƺˮϵħAǸõط֪ŮͬѧأλŮʦ㣿ֻù
ѧһ֪ԭѧȻҪһǮѧУнѧ䷢ȻһںǮССһѣϾҲýѧһѧˡ
סȻǸߵˣǶĸ߼׼䣬סһףṹ͸޺סĸߵŮࡣһ˵ǣסŮб档
Լţɸɾģĩһǳɾˣһĩһõӡ
һ˿ͦġھѵķʱһķŲûȫ£бһ̵ľǷɫıס
ĪСǸйGayһʱһ񺮣ӱɫôжһ˵Աȡأֲݸղŵ뷨̫ˡ
ʱͻȻˣһźַк˽ĸӲǺܸߣӡ
ãӽ쿪ʼҾһԺհһվЦߵкǰ֡
кϱ㷴Ӧ¶һ΢Цһһ˻ȥҽ磬ܸʶ㡣
һ֣ɻôģֱ͸ŮӵֲһĺĺһͻĺᣬӦò
ʱһɨɨͻȻȻ˵ôô죬Ů¥¸󰮵ɣСְʲôʱСа
Сӿ˹˹ĵģԭҲһ֮ѰһΪղԼΪǱ̬еЦǸǴɫıǰϲҲɫ·


137 ǻʺ


һٺЦ˵û⣬ʱҲӦóˣִļϣЦֵܣȥ¥úóһ٣˳һ¸顣
һźۼ㿪һצЦӦСŶԣǲҪɩӰ
Сǰ;ôϲһڰֵˣ˳ԷŮôԵˬء
ʵǽ޺ܹڶˣ˵˹ͷˣʼڿˣǺŮһ۱һˣһƣŮ˰ǲܹߣԽ߾ԽˡҲֻǷɧѣһʵһͦϧˣʱڴ
У԰ڣ˶ҪعͷһҲפָָ㣬һʼΪǳԼģһЩ˵˽֪ߵһʥħѧԺȻҲǷòƶǸġ
;̸һ֪ԼҲǹǻҼרңҲʥħѧԺģѧԺһ׷ŮʮλÿŮʾԽʱһʹùġʼɫһĿ꣬ȴŮֱ̫޳ˡ
˶̸ҲˣСȴ治ɫһ˵ЦšһţļʾȣÿζĶ㿪ϲ֫ӴһҲˡ
¥ʱΪ¥¥ϵĶˣһʱҲȲλˡ
磬ˣȥҳ԰ɡһ
ȴЦЦ¥мרõءܶʱǿյģ¥ϰҵһԶףҡҽȥк
簺ͦص߽䣬һüСӵ˲򵥰Զףֹȥʱƣһ㡣Ҳ˵һζ΢Цš
Ȼ󡣼ƱϹϾؽӭ¥һĴ󷿼䣬İݻޱȣ;߾ȻϾݻ̶էࡣ
磬Զ׶㲻һ仰ͿôصطòͣʼҲҲ˰ɡһضЦ
Ǽ׶ҿû˵˸΢Цһ̽Ӷ
¥ϰ׹治ûӣ־ʱһ̽һ̳ƽѵһĺն̲סʳָ󶯡
˵ʵڵģһĳʵڲôţԵͻֱ죬ʱƱͬһ˼ȴ˹ĵö࣬ϸʣôеŮӳԷӡ
ʵҪһҲһѵ飬ǰͨǣȴǿ۹һżүϲȻҲ첻죬һûҪװ¶˺رԣһֱΪڳںȾƲŹүǡ
˹ģȴǲСǺȵľƿǵĻϾƣ־һǰֽмβƣ㴼ʮ㡣粻ɫһ˼ʮֻЩ죬ɫȴȻ峺
磬Сز¶ȾҲôһٺЦʼƾƳ⣬ǵˡ
ЦЦÿɷͻȻЩƮ
粻𻰣һҲΪ⣬ÿжвԸἰܡʼתͷ¥´ȺԾأҲʼЩˣԺ￪ʼֳǰЩ˳ӵĴ֣ĸ¥ݺύص·޺˸ĺҹЩϤĻ澹ȻЩİ벻ʵ
ʱʻǹҵı־ʿų¥¥ֱӹս˲ɭϵԺӡ
ںתʱǰһƿһ㣬һһŮĲ棬ƺЩϤһʱҲ벻ļ
ӦǹĻʺһߵĺŮӣżᵽò͡ƺ֪һʲô͵
Ůӣһ
ʱǹʵ齫Ϊʺ󣬶ŮҲĶЩıСС˼±ΪһȴЩм
ʱ¥ݿʼ˵Ǻʺһˡ
һŴһ죬͵͵ȥֻ׳Ļǰ濪·һǹװ޾׵ŮӣپµĲ񻰣ر˫۾ʣ̲סУʮ־ʵ齫װŵùĳͳ͵ģҪ¶ӯӯһƿգ̶ʣ治Ϊһ
ףһǻʺߵŮо棬Ůţйһ֮ԵıɯʱŮľǿ˺ӡر峿ʱܶϮϣһŮ൱ĺøУǼϮҲš
ɯǻʺʲôϵѵǳͬһ֧Ҳûпܡ
ɯھӪˣǻʺ󿪿ʵŴֱܰ˵Сĸζڻˡ
ùãͷİɣֶŮҵŲǰЩ۹СżС޺ѳǵĹءɯŵЦ
ţܺáǻʺ˵ѽһڵİڣűϣҲǲһȻи硣
һ޺޵֣żʲôͲǺõطŮҪȥֹɡ
һôǻʺ󳤵ƯɣȷʵнԵߵıǮһ̣¶˸΢Ц
һĻ˵ǻʺ󳤵ƯƯʱ֪ӾǸʲô޺޻᲻ǵ
ʱһɫԣʵһôˣĪǱǺӹ˻ǣ
磬֪ʲôط𣿡һʵ
ͷ֪һרŽӴС˵ķݣҲµûĻϰӦþǻʺ󡣡
ݣרŽӴŮˣһ㶣ѵǲ½һŮԻݣǻʺͦӵŮ˵Ǯ׬ġͿɣŪֽʲôӣⲻǴѰ
ȻǻʺԼŪ˸ݣΪʲôȥԼĵܵ¥أһüʵоƺôһŹ֡
ӦΪݰɣϾӵĻϰû֪
һЦ磬㲻֪𣿡
ƲƲûд𻰡
֪ӲԼֵطһйǿҵĳ嶯֪ǻʺͱɯ̸Щʲô
һĬǽڣʱŷԭﲻи磬ŸϵħĶ硣Щ羡ǿ󣬲һרƽǰûʲôôġ
ոմ磬һһѪŵ


138 Ůɫ


˵ǵһԺȣҲ˼ģԺпʼֳ߳ĽһǼٷ˹龰
һʼѪˣ޲ӷɳǽȥǳжôޡ
磬ȥϸһһ˵űŹս˲
¥ĲҲģɾãذ嶼ֱ˯ˡһʱûʱ̾нأֱܵߣһ㻯ΪһӰ˳ȥ¥ĸ
խ߶ֻһţһֱ壬һ㣬ݰϢǰȥ
С̽ţһȷǻʺڰλá
ɯоôᴫǻʺŴĶԱԵġ
ùãҪôеۡɯ
һɲʱаֱðûﾹȻ¡һָ⣬ִָһ壬ֻһ΢죬ʩ˶¥屻һ״̴ˡ
һ۾ȥòѪˣᾹȻһɴΧĵطǻʺ뱴ɯɴ档һֻܿӰһһɣɶҲñΪƼһĥĴϷһеʮʧ
ˣ͵ɡ¸һΡʱǻʺ˵
ùãҪҲſǧɯʵ
ٵȰɣӦþͿˣǧûٱ֮ǰԲ𣿡ǻʺŴŴȻдŵϡ
֪ˣùãͷİɣЩһҲϡɯЦ
֮º˵ʱֻǶ̶һ֮Եݣùֻϣ㵽ʱܹѳסԼǺΨһѪˡҲΨһԼǧˣ˵ϣȫˡǻʺ̾Щ
ùãͷİɣɯԸǴߵĶ㡣ûȥ̸˵أ˵Щûһˣ֪ɫе˼ҡɯ˵
ù֪Ǽұɯ۹ɸˡ˿ûۡǻʺЦ
ǵȻɯһɲǵĳɣԺͻȻһŻЦݵӢӣţǸҹԶҲˡ
ɯرǻʺҲû˵ƣֶŮ͵ԻЩġ
һխظģǲǼٷ˵飬Ѫʲôϴţ峤˵ǧȴĩ˵ĪҲǺʧľѧ֮һ
ţɴͻȻ˿һʱһͣͫ͵طŴԭɴλؾĩȫ㣬ȴ˿СС㣬ѩ׷ظ¶벻˵ϻӡСС͹ʵ֮رǻʺɯҪ࣬СС֮ϴŵ㣬Ȼ˷¿Ȥ͸װһƬӰɼڽԵعӡһ죬κһѩ׵Ĵβҡţջ
찡ܲˣһڸŮˣһһͶ㶼ɢž˵⣬˼ַҲ̻һ죬οǶĩйһأ
ʱҲˣСӹƸõȼ˰ɡһݺݿ˿ŮĽ˻ȥˡ
ʱǻʺʰʲôǰʱһ鹵һһһڿˮСֵ͵ǰһ㽫Ӷˡ
ʱǻʺĽ΢ɲһڵһر㽫˲ϵ
һоâһΣյгһ죬һֱǻʺˡֻӵʱˣָ䵯ɲʱ˱ɯǻʺ󣬵Ȼû˼ǵֻǷסǵѨѡ
˴ʱһҲûҪȥˣƿһ¥壬ƮƮطȥŮǰ
һģɯıɾֱ˾ȣűŭ
һ֣ǻʺظȥ
һ쵰ڸʲôɯŭȻܶͻ˵ġ
һָḧǻʺӿѩ飬ȻһǻʺؿڵɫСǻʺһ΢죬ɼ˼֣ıȴ־壬෴һ˫ۺشһ
һ£ϸ˿ЦȵĶͦȽ
ɯʶǻʺʱɯƺֻƽҳһ㣬˿ûбסľ򣬶ССһİǰȴһ㶼ӡ
ҲŲʶɯ
һЦЦ۾ȴŮССĽϴʱ̾
ſǡɯʱųٶ۵طԼʱµȫ¶һǰɼеɲʱһƬͨ졣
һٺЦЦΧһƣȻ⿪ŮѨ
ɯ˫ֱ̳ɴǻʺȴ˹һǰ£·ǰվŵĲһİˣɷǻʵһ㡣
ŮΪŮ⹴˵ı˵ڶû˸ϵһˣһ۾ȴǻʺɨţʼչŵ΢Ц
ǻʺ󴩺ѣ󷽵ɳϣЩ죬ղŴʱһȴһıȻɫɫģȴʼ峺ûб
ΪʲôҪ͵ǻʺָһׯģϸʵ
͵ɻкܶ𣿵ȻΪ˿ŮˡһٺЦǻʺĶ£ʵŶȡ
Բԭ򡣡ǻʺ϶
Ϊʲôһֵʵ
ֱǻʺһŵı顣
ֱǺ޸ݵģܶʱǴģʺɱֱˡһЦ
Լǻʺ󵭵
һЦʼ磬͵ܴһԭΪһǵǱͷ͵ģ˵ŮȻȷˣû뵽ǻʺȻţͷ˵ʵûţ˵ѻȴ˵档
ðɣҳֱȷģҵȷǴ͵һǻʺЦ˵
ĿΪΣǻʺʵ
ܼ򵥣Ǹո¥֮ʱᵽ޺޳ӵĹһͲǺõطҵѣ漰ǰΣҲò˰˭֪ǸʲôʲôġһٺЦ
ǻʺһ죬Щ㳻˵ֻһרŮԿŵķݶѣΪֵط
ֻһҷ𣿡һĿƵضǻʺ
ҲʲôĿģǴǧ޺޵ϣȻǺ彫Զڲ½ʧһ۾ͻȻɢ̹ǵɱ


139 


һ˵ŵ㣬ѻΪһ̴ԭ·ɳµ¥ԭλ˿ʲôԵġ
ǻʺЩòҲ֪Щʲô
ʱѴ·ıɯɴ˳ȴһѾȥвһɺŵϢ
һﾹȻ˵˵߾ߣ̫ɶˡɯ޷޵һƨɳ
ǻʺعЦʵôʶģ
ɯʱҲ㽫ţϷ˵һ飬ʡȥɽ顣
ǻʺЦЦűɯҲû׷ȥ
һӲĴ̨룬ϵĻҳͻȻִǻʺϳɫԼϡ
ˣ´ٻɡһ˻Σӽ˿ռָ
߽ȴŵűƣ⡣
һӲ𣿡Цһ
ʲôһЩ֪η
ҸΪȥˣԽȥһ£㻹ĵȥӰٺЦ
һЦЦĶ档
粢û׷һղȥˡǿʼһϵرغħ似ŮˣĴ½ơһСӶúܶࡣʲôⶼܲ䣬ͦרҵӡ
ıߺȣѵҹʱ֣ǻʺ뱴ɯȥֻǻϣſڵħһյһյϨˡ
һ̤ҡҡλε߳¥ͷ˵Ż͵ģһûھƾȫɢȥΪôʱְѵĸоܲŵ޻ϡһƼظо
˴˵źһʶر㽫ִݵļϣȴûִһıϣ˾ôسʥħѧԺȥ
磬㡭Сôô㰡ֲһǡһͷЦǼһŵĵ㡣˿ûбŨصľζڸǡ
ҡұ͡˵ͻȻһģµĻȥκһҲûټ⡣
߽ᡣţ˱ɳ§һ̱ȥһȥǧƤҲˣ˾ô§һʼ˯
¹Ӵ̨룬͵˵ϣʱ˴Ϊ˶һ塣
ҹԺ˫Ŀ۾ʹգգʶһЩǣͻȻԼһ˵ػУ¸ƺӲӲĶšһֱӣʼŷԭԱߵһҲһȾƵأȻѬѬػصᣬ뵽΢ɲغһ¡
һϴʲôо¸ֹƿɳһȥȴĿɶ˸γһɡ״
һֱһŭŮûʲô
оԼľüͷֱԡҡ
غţ翪ʼϵ˾ȵǰһɫһԽĸ˳ɢ㡣
ʱ䣬ίˡ簮ظǰ飬૵
ӿռָȡһöɫҩ£һŤһһʲ塣
һбгһŵߵɫͷ˵ɫҲ纣һɫƤϸȳƣûκ覴ãüҶŨˣСֱͦʾԸĸǿ۴̺ۣȴ־ŮġһԵЩìܵľ͸¶һķ
һأǽϵԡȵˮ覵ϣϴŽ뷼˽Ȼصչˡ
ʱ˯һһѣ۾ΰ͸ŵƹԡңһŤŰ֣ɲʱˡ
Ĩԡ㾫ͻŵôסˡ
һȴĩ߽ƵԡңֱħĲһɣͳ˵ĴһȻ˵ĩˣһˬش˸Ȼӣְ۾˳ȥһɳϽŴ˯
ʱŻعҪһ㣬ȻһǰŴĩƼӣҸŭǳªСֵܡ
ӣӦǻûѰɣôӦҲûҵˡﰲοԼȴȻһŤ
ĿˣҾ۾СȭͷžӺ޺޵˽һȾƵΣĺܿģĩйĿģǣԾأһ˿ůɫ
ڶһ磬Ĵ԰ҹǼԺڴǺ˼룬ûкú˯
һű㷢ɳ˯ŵһûӰ٣ԡˮ
һ㣬ҪϲԡҵţЩŵ
һϴ˵ûϺˣһûϴء
ôϰ粻飬ŭû
ʲôԵģҶǴүǣʲô߰һЦŵ
Ҳϰߣ㰡
磬֪ΪʲôҽˣǲJJСԱֵұǮۺܴ̼ǲǣһٺЦ޹˼ɵؿЦ
һһ߻ɳ£һƤҲ湻ģȻҽȥˣǡԺҪദͬһ£ֲǿԤ֪ģһ϶ǷǳȤġ
һûٳ裬Ÿ˳ȥСôߣܲɡ
һͳˣֻһڿ㣬һţʱЩȣ˿
磬ĽɣŽ˵塣һһһȳƶļ⡣
ǿס⣬һϴһȦмغһͷ߰ش߹ԡңѧˣŷҲһ硣
һЦʼ磬СӣһǼˡ
һһʥħѧԺϿεӣôһ˷ܡǰСѵûϹһѧСĶרŵʦҲûϹѧԺѧϰ
𵱳ʦԼ䵽߼ħϵˮϵħAʱЩΧ۵ѧĽʵԸտʼѧԺڴ


140 򻨴һ


ʱ磬һǰʥħѧԺʳó緹ʥħѧԺǳķһ·ϵָָȻǲɱġ
˼ݾµ㣬俪ʼ߳Ա죬˫֮⣬ȴĬû
磬˵߼ħϵˮϵħAʲôرİҿ˼ʵĺ޲ýҳ˵ӡһʵ
羪ؿ˿һʵ˵㱻ֵˮϵħAࣿ
ǰʲô𣿡һʵ
Ȼ⣬Ƿǳ⡣ŵؽе
ν⣿һȤʱ̫ƽûеɲеġ
Ժ²ܰˣʥħѧԺһһڿˮܰ̾һͬһ
һٺЦЦĪϣˮϵħAŮҲɣͬѧӦֵܷһֳްɡ
ˮϵħAûһͬѧ㽫ǵһԺ򻨴һˣ̫ûˣΪʲôֲֺҰΧѧĿ
ŮģҲòĽɣŮĲһƯѵܱȵù޺ޣһЦ
һҡҡͷòȷʵܳңŮر׼ʱĿɲֻҪڶأԸƢʵȵȣ˵Ըһžòȴʢ˵ŮԸһòԸ񾲣崺Ů
Ƕѡһػѡһ֡һԥŴҲѡһ֣ȻŰ˳⡣
ͶˣˮϵħŮˡƽϪˮ䲻ѧԺŮȴҲԶиҪһ벻֪糯һգգ۾
Сӣˣ˵ɡһ׷ʵ
ǰЦħAѧȻﲻɫĳ̶ȣʦǴ˰СŮζˣģʡ뵽Ҿˮ
һʹᣬɻСǲˮôô㰡
һ죬˻˵ЩʲôҪҪ
һٺһЦȻҪ˵
֪ˮϵħʦˮɡʵ
֪ɱˮϵħAʦˮжҲ֪϶Ǵ´ˡһü
ȻˮˣŮˮգʮ꣬ȴȻӢĩޣһ׷ɵð㾹Ȼѧǽˮ¥̨ȵ£˵᲻ᱻȫԺĿˮһʵ
𣿱𼵶ˣȻôϲˮգҽøΣҸӦΣֵܰɡһٺЦ
罫ͷҡ粨˹Ƶģ˵һᣬɲӢţ˵ˮӵеħʦʵˮǴħʦһҲͳԲ˶ߡ
ôС治֪ǰô׷ŮģһЦ
׷ŮҲһѧʣʲôŮ׷ʲôŮ׷һǺġ˵
ʱʥħѧԺħ𣬱ʾϿʱ伴ˡʳò͵ѧȫȥһֻʣһ绹˹ʡ
һһϿΣ㻹ߡЦŵ
ⲻû˵ôҲߣһٺЦ
ϵħһŽûٵǼҳ㷹ǰЩŮǿһģȥôһʹӡ
Сʱ˳˸߼ħϵĴ¥ǰ棬ָָ¥ϵǸ߼ħϵ¥ұߵǸұˣ˳һ£ˮƽʱƢȻܺãʱͦµģรɣˡ
һȫɫâһһʧˣɴһﲻ
¥ұߣһ̧ͷ׼λãôȥ𣿻᲻̫ˣҪ͵С
һӿռָóһ˸Ȧڿ¥ͻʯɵװȥĿ꣬һһ棬ŵ㣬˷ҡֱϡ
һʱ򣬾ѾˮϵħAĶʮŮѧ潲εˮշˡ
ˮüһ壬½̨ڣ˭֪ո̽ͷͼһӰֱʧɫˮնʱһ˼˦˹ȥħʦ˵ʩŰ˼ħʱǺܿġ
ĺӰȻһˣڰбˮյı˱񣬵ĩȻ˴̨һݺҷ˶ſһƬƬļ
ʼ粻ƵĴӵֻ꼸Ͽʼһѷ죬һ䣬һɧ˦ںڳϵıм
һĹˣܻȻŮʱ뻨ԵĸоԷ鰡˵ãÿһҵŮ㣬ݺһ¡
ʱһתˮգϵڶŮԵúȺòҲףĵǿ̫ˮϵħһУħǽ˿ɵħʦ־û۾
ˮʦ㲻֪ıһɥȪһˮϵħžʹ䣬ǲ½һʧһٺЦĿ˼ɵֱֱˮգ˵Ů͵ģп˷Դ
ԱߵŮһƬ޳ܵģûô޳ܵġ
ǸһúõĴŲ߸ҪӴˮնһĻĿӶǵʵ
ⶼΪʦ㰡ΪһһʦķɣȲһЦ۾ʼĿϾӵشΧΧŮǡ
֪ˣŮ¥󰮵ǸˡһŮͻȻ
ûú˧

۾Ŷ
һһŮһкʱͨǺܺߵģһȺŮһкʱȴ˶仰ͨǷϷıɱϷģⷴúƤһüΪϰߡ
ˣұˣϿʱ䣬Լλáˮյȴ޷ܵϡ
ΧһŮܿλˣֻʣһվԭأܣ΢Цʵʦﰡ
ˮһü֪ΪʲôѧУһİ࣬ӻǸͷԺԼ໹ֳ֪ʲôأ
ˮָָһλԺϿʱҪħʵϣʱ˹ؿɱʦ档


141 ŮС


һƨԼλϣֱֹʥħѧԺҲ̫ԻˣĿȻһһŵģҪиŮͬǸжð
ʱˮտʼڽ̨Ͻ弶ˮϵħԼáһʵģʼϵŮͬѧмûǺƯģȻȲǣȴҲ̫ԶĳҲܲȻûһɫƽӹģҲѹЩἵʵķ
һע⵽ǰŵŮǸղû֮һҲǰϼƯŮ֮һ
һ̧ץסŮ㷢ᳶ˳ŮعͷŭĿӣתͷȥ
һ߯ûˮսĶʵ᲻弶СħֶܷʮʮſڿϣĿתضˮգĺƯζһر۾һС˯˹ȥ
ˮսŽţͻȻн΢Ѱȥȴһſ˯㡣
ˮͷ󣬻ûѧĿôĿŵ˯СӾȻһϿξ͸ҹȻԿֱ̫ʦˣˮջӳһ̹ǵĺϮһڡ
һ˽ȥȴûԤϵǰ㾪ŵȴǷĩһ˯Ŵ
һʶεʶڿħʱˣˮյĺһͱͬˡ
ˮһɣСӾȻһ㷴ӦûСĿ֮£ⲻ²̨һҪκһġﻹûʼһͻȻֱһ
ף¿ôҶңҵ𣿡һһ޹
УдǷ֡ˮȫŮͬѧһЦ
һˮˮϵħʦѵǻϵģСۣŮ˲ͳɾ͡۾ô󣬲˯ô
һڽʵνҵİ칫ˮ˵ŮͬѧǶͬһ
ؿκܿˣοϢʱ䣬һ˱һѵŮΧߴߴ˵ͣ
¥¡ѵ
һζôɡЦ
ȷһ֬ζ֪жôˬˡһٺЦ
ʱͻȻһȣ磬վס
һͷȵطǰλŮ󰮺޽ӵ磬Ŀӯӯ⡣
𡭡Щ֪ػȵĿһ
һױ˵ĸòҪͽȥһĪر飬һ¡ˣġ
ιһһҪ׷ȥǽŮȴһѳס䣬
һͷҡҡͷ૵СӣֱǸ
ߵʳãһͷܶӣתߣǵԱȽϺá
ʥħѧԺ⣬һǰЩ֣в˶פۿһȥȻмӸѧھ޺ޡ
һʱôô಻۵أȥһѽײһԣ޺ޡ
Ķ֪˭𣿡һ˽
ûȤ֪ĹһλΪһӰžžžϣü
һ޺߳ȺЩߵСãˣԺ˷㣬ôƻӹȥ
ǼļﶼͦģҲ鷳ԭͲϲңҪῴһۡ޺ĵЩį
һͣ޺ޣʵҲ֪ŭȫĸСӣԴС޺޻ûʲôʹ
Σżˣñ˾ż۸Ժ˭˳ۣⱩȥΪһ谮޺޵ļƺԽԽ뵽ɫ
޺Ŀת۾Цҿ㲻˳ۣǲҲӹⱩ
һٺЦЦ˵û⣬ǺصġɵΪƨŶԡ
޺һ죬ͻȻ˵뿪ʱƨɵΣӿһŭʱǷҪÿء
һ޺޵ıɽ߱ΪŭҲ߷ǳЩ죬Ѿͷôˣȷ黹졣
Сãó˵ң˵أ㲻֪ҵӺС𣿡һЦŵ
޺һǰ²˰ɡ
һһװɵ㶵Ҷʲô£һ治ǵˡ
׽ȳһ죬⣬˵ʲô޺޷ŭһҲ֪Ϊʲôǰ㽫۵¼顣
治ȥԷأһٺٸЦͼתƻ⡣
ߣתƻ⣬һҪ𡣡޺ߵ
һΣжˡʬ飬ǿЦô𣬽մ۷͹ըǶڰӰ
ҡҲ뽫ж˿ˣֻҪӦ޺޵˸Žɫ
һоɲӦҿɲܴӦҲ飬˵̫ˣһô
У˵Ȼ顣޺Ц޹ˣǲʳ˼̻ʥģһ˿Ůеġ
ǴҶһͬһһӣּܾۻ۰ɡ
Ͷɡ޺޵
˵ɣҪʲôһЦ
޺޳һһԺʲô㶼˺˵Ĳֻ壬ġ
һĿЦСãǲ֪Щʲô˵
޺޶һüιɱ˵ͻȻôŮ˶ȴ֣֪Ǻ޲ýʬεġ
ҵȻ֣ҲûʲôҲŲأһЦ޺޵ĳƺˣѾͷĲٽˡ
ǡ
ûʲôǲܸıأ밮ֻһ֮˭˵޲ܱɰأһٺЦһŵӡ
㵹ͦŵ޺ֹ
ǣ㿴ӣ𣿡һ޺޲һЦ׵һĻΡ
޺ЩʧһЦ˲÷ɿˡ
޺ЩҵתͷߵϲҶˣԷȥɡ˵꣬ǰȥȴûע⵽ǰС߳һӰ
һײһһ޺˺Ӱڵء


142 ŮħԿ


޺̧ͷҪǸ۱һ˫͸ͫףɾ˺ÿһĻС
ʱԱߵ·뾪һЩ־ŵڵصŮ
һס޺ޣǰϵĶʰŮͷϣʵСû°ɡ
û£ֻǽźŤˡСһ˿ʹ
Ѿͷ̫çײˣʵڶԲ𡣡һ޺޵Ǹ
Ҫģûע⵽Сƽ
һԱΧָָ㣬Ǳ˵Сȥɡ
СͷվѽһʹҽţȻŤˣƺͦء
һΧ۵ԽԽ࣬һ§סСһ§ס޺޵ŵ㣬ڿնСסԺӷȥ
һٶȣȻҪ˶ñ㵽Сļҡ
һСԺｵʱ޺СЩ죬ȻǼΪϰܵĽӴ
һС£ԼԱߵϣԼԼһһ㶼Լˡ
ԲĽû°ɡ޺޹еʵΪԼղŵΪе
ûµأֻҪͺˣķ𣿡Сָָһʵ
޺һЦ˭ķ˰Сſء
Сȡ¶һߣ޺޵Ƿ޿϶á
ףô֪޺ٴμС͸ͫףѲˣǶС׼ȷĲ²еȡ
СһЦ
ιǲĸˣΪʲô֪ã޺תͷһʵ
һʼЦҲǺС˲õǰ֪
һ˵ЦˣСôı¡СЦ
һ޺Щ㶣ʲôʱʲôһ쵰粻˵Ժһû˵ڡ
СҰһĽŰɣǹϵħʦ޺˵
СͷǱˡ
ײ㡣ΪӦõġ޺Щ˼ߣСĿܣֻĽ״һƬ
СʩϡƺһЩȴȻûȫá
ɣŤ˽ǣĹϵħֻˡһ˵
һץСؽףСͨ죬ȴûзԡ
һĴֿҪӴСƤʱͻȻסˣ˿̣ΪĽǳ˺һ顣
С㡭ĽҿɡΪ˱һһ䡣
С৵һҪð̣˵ҽҲ˻ȥ
׳ա޺һ䡣
һЦһԼȷй׳յģСӦòĪŮһɣ½ֻĪôһֵĹࡣ
뵽һֽСȥСץ˻˫ڽϣȵ˽ȥ
޺޺ؿһĶ絽׻᲻ưǴռ˼Сıˣ
Сҧ´ֻСűһůΧţǳһ͸ͫš
˺һһɿֻ֣Сؽ׻ָ˹ྦྷӨǳ¿ɰ
ˣӦûˡһЦ
С˶ţһ¶ûˣһӯӯһ˵һлл
ιղʲôħκСģ޺ֵʵ
֪һ͸㡣һٺЦջ
ͲС޺޲Э
ˣ°ɡһʼ磬޺޵Դ
磬޺һȴôҲвڡ
˿ɫʱӦòҪĿˣһתССҲҪϿˣˡ
ǳ극ȥɣȥԸһ£ܿͺõġС
ôʱܳԵˬڼҵʱɣʱ顣һЦ޺޸ȥ
СվڴſڣһӰʧɫĪ⣬૵޺ޣһ硣
ĪһǴǿҲ޺޵Ķ硣С͸˫ͫһĲƣԼķﱼȥħţ֮С
Ŀγˮϵħʵγ̣ʥħѧԺħѵеġһĿһЩ֮мħڿзȥҲֻܿŮˣԱĸŮͬѧزȽϴƨɱȽ̡
ˮһԼһɫеӣͲһѧҲ̫޷ˣѵȴڶڳ߿Ů
ˣڴҼϡˮֺ
϶ʮλŮͬѧͣ˹ҶкһŻƵŰֲӳǹ΢Ц
ˮƶһۣ˵ҿʼԿŮ顣
ŮǶʱһƬȻҪ֪AֻһôһSħ˻ҪϡеˮⲻһȺʮΧŹһôⲻ
һˮյİźҲһȻС۵Ů˼ôС۵Ůȴûô˵Ҳһʦôһѧ
һȻʮֻмħʦˮƽСѾͷǶˮıȴеЩŭħԿʵʵģȻᴩſħķΣûôߵʵֻһˮϵмħʦĻҵ³Ϳ֪ˡ
һؿˮһۣЦû
ˮһʼʱΪһӣʧȥʧܣԿҲֹͣ
ˮ˵󣬶ʮλŮͬѧ̿ʼ䣬ð⡣һϾվԭز˫ַڱ󣬴ݲȵصЦš
ʱŮϣһƬѩ֮ħǵһɲʱԭزһûˡ
ŮǶͣȴֳصıѩһʧˡ
˵Ůǣʩħٶ̫ˣҸոնһˡһŮ
ˮվһղŶûпһôʧģôͻȻһµŮǵ˹ȰٶȣոҪ͵ϮĻǺ׼һˣ뵽ˮտʼ䱸
ŮǷһûôһ˷ʽһ˰ӣħ׷һ񱼡
һʱȴٶȣǡǡŮǵħҪʱ˹ȥŮǵʼձż飬ΪֻҪٶٿһܻһˡ


143 ˮյľ


һҲˣȻסһӣӹı˱ۡ
ٺһЦһѸٴŮȺУеıŮǵ롣ɲʱ䣬һŮľѵһ·ֱ㣬һ±û
ŮŭĻ֯ʩħ׷һһҶ䣬֪Ȼˮյߡһˮյ󣬶ŮǵħҲ֮
֪СıˮһĽųǰˮϵħڽϣƵؽǰģ塣
ʱˮͻȻһΣյϢĩüӦ;һһϸСı˳ڻ£˿ôһ鱻̼ͦرǷ嶥һ㣬Ǽŭ͹
ˮɫأߵתȴһȻһ߶ħĹһŮǵЦ
ͣͣһѵһ󺰵
Ůֹͣ˹໥˿ͻȻ뱧أߺһƬԭһŮǵڡ۱ǵڻؿʪһ飬·زõ״عճˡ
ˮռŮģɵͷԼأŷҲŮһزʪһƬһ۷Źֱظ
ˮŭ֮Ưŭһȥҵİ칫ҵңǸܣôʰ㡣˵ֱȥ
ҸղſʦؿںһҲʪˣѵҲһСˣˣһۼŮԼͬ
ҲˡһŮ
ɣʦħʦһôùһŮ
ǧȷҷҾûпһŮĵ
һʱ䣬ʮŮ˽ǽһһˡ
˵Ůǣʦˣǻȥ·һʼįغ
Ůһ죬׷һ䡣쵰ɫ֮ģ˫ֱŮᱼȥ
һ죬ʥħѧԺһ޵ѪĳʮŮ˫ֱʪʪؿУԲڿ񱼣ѧĿһĻûӣͬİ汾ҥԱ㿪ʼУԲڶˮϵħAĳλ͵Ů˵һλĺҲοͱ˳ԽԽס˸ɴͻɫ˵һʵϽ϶ʮλŮʦˮһ͵ˣ˷˵AʮλŮʦˮսΨһһˣҥʵ˿Цá
ȻЩǼˣһʱˮյİ칫еغŲ衣
ˮûһ̫ã㻻·ˣһûˮЯ˼Եħ磬ֻҪܵͻԶʩųһ֡
һ칫ңˮձһŶϺȲ裬Ϊ˳۵ѧ׼˲ûбιȥ
㵽˭ˮһɢȰ֪ѧԲһħʦ
ҾˣһУչʮţĩ顣һЦ
ˮպâһ˵űת˳ȥ
һĵظˮյ󣬷ˮմߵķʥħѧԺĺɽϣ˵иǿ縲ǵ䳡ÿѧԺȷŮ˲뽫Ǹطúñһٰɡ
Ȼˮֱӿ䳡ħţ
һüˮʮֲֻˣˣ뿴ˮյʲô
䳡ܴа׳ȫһλǰͦġ
ˮߵ䳡룬תˮһһɫˮϵħȱָϴʵĽָǲ֮
ʦʲôҿСô˼أҺͬѧƽȵģܸġһȻ۾ȴ׽Ц⡣
ˮһýеı¶óҾġ
һٺһЦ˵µľʦ飬ʱҴƨƨɱҪҪ
㡭ˮǺ죬һ֣һӡʮħѩ˲
ŨŨ׺ʱ䳡ѩ׷¶ɲʱ°ٶϡʩųѩԺˮշ۴ʼһһϵĬɢĵ⣬ǿħС
ѩһĹħΧｫܵẮϮ˲併͵¶˲佫˵ѪҺɱֺڼͻȻڶһ˵ʲôγһոĤ⡣
̡ˮսһⱬʮ͸ıͻأشӿг֣ԲͬĽǶȷٴһʮˮϵ幥ħǿħ۳̣֮ɴ̴ʥףֻڹһƤǺ䵽ԽҽסὫ˶ɱӡ
һ£α𣬵ͳ硣
ֻһɲʱ֣ʮ˲䱻ȼܻ룬Ȼֻһգ۹򣬸ջȼյĻ羹ȻɲǼ˱棬Ϊסˡ
һ´ħԻϵħϵħϣƣƣӶǿĹԻⱻΪĸħֻһ㱻˱񣬵һȴʮ˷ܣһԴħԿһʮħҳɹˡҪ֪ϵħ簴һ˼ħӣֻһϵħʮˮϵħ̶ԿĻһĻЧأһᶨоħ·ߡ
ˮ鲻һûмصħħĲоħļ𲢲ߣӦòᳬ˼ȴܹ˰ٷ֮ʮʮħԿʵ̫˳ԾˡȻЩħ´ģЩǰŸոʮĻһо̫ˣļֵ޿ɹģ½ħϵ޴ס
ˮȻһûкøУǷֵġվûٽйעһòŵղ˭ģ
һεʱнҵġһЦźˮصɫ֪ǳںԼָħ
ˮһͣһһ޿κΣΪĶУһԸǾԴģ϶ĸ˽ġΪһܹħ˱ضһḡ竹ôܹأ
ˮմʱҲûһȥʱıǽ¸ˮԼԺ˹ĩŵħһܹһȫµħԪ


144 ʦPP


ˮһһۣߵҷŹ㣬ȥɡ˵ţȳȥ
һٺһЦڿлһӰ˲ˮյǰЦŹ𣿿ҲŹ㰡
ˮɫƤЦСӣĿϮˣΪסһʮħʤ𣿱֪ô
֪ô㣬ˮʦһԩ޳𣬽ǵһ쵽ʥħѧԺϿΣΪһʦС˵ĳǶ񶾣ħʵҲͲ˵ˣڸȫװĴ䳡һ־أҪжֱ£˰ɡһЦʼᣬɢŨŨŭɱ⡣
ʵ֤ǶԵĲȴʥħѧԺѧǾϲʲôˮ
һЦŪʥħѧԺûй涨ֺõ˱㲻ѧɣ˵Ҿϲ⣬ֻ۾ˣ
ˮû˵ʵҲԼеˣôǸأ˵ûҪһص뷨ֻǵѵһ¶ѣĿסˣĽȻġ
һˮղзŭرΪǵŮˣһҪ˻ʦֱӵܡ
˵ҪƨɵģҪˡһЦúܲãȴȻŭ
㡭ˮȴֲ֪˵ЩʲôĴΣһôһ˵㼤еŭ
׼ˣҪˡһ˵ǬŲƣɲʱʧԭء
ˮһͬʱ򿪣䱸Ĵš
һӰͻȻƾճ֣ͻˮյķ磬ļϡ
ˮսһ紥תһŪ΢Цһʵ벻ͨôͻԼĽ硣
·𿴴ˮյʣһٺЦķ˵ֽû㻹ǹԹƨҴ°ɡ˷Ѵҵʱ䡣
ˮŭһ뿪ˣȴǰһԼϵ类һˡ
һ׾ٵػ磬ǯһˮյ󣬸ͻֻˮָϵһָֻâһһȵϢ˲佫Χعâ˲һؿڡ
һһˮյѨסͷ鿴ֻؿڵڿ˴롣¶ɫػףɾһ亹ոˮսָеĴԷӡħԶǶϵ˼幥ħ棬Ҫף¾ͳԴˡ
һɫԥˮգѧˣþԼ˫ָֽϵһϳϵͶϵĶҲûзŹ
㡭ʲôˮտֻŵ
ʲôȻǴƨˡһˮյ°ͣЦ
ңҶңҾɱ㡣ˮɫ
һ˵һˮսԼϣԲСƨ
ҪˮռÿҪ޳
һԲβв˷̧һ棬ֻžһֳԵָԽһӴ˼£žžžˮյ粨һţһڸаðСֵܲͦǡöˮǷز
һһͣˮյƨϣ鲻ԽظſḧţĴһۻоˬˡ
ֻϧһˬĸоûάֶñ㱻ˮյĳѹԼղΪһеЩաʵ׿Ը̸ˮòĶƾޣʮŮϸ˼ֳŮζ
һɿˮգ⿪ϵѨȴȻ䳡ĵӿˮָвϵ¡
һЦŮ˿ôһԣоƵģԼղŵΪһӢĩ޵Ů˵ƺ̫һЩһˮصΪǵ̬ȣеǵ׿ˣܣÿ˶ӦΪ鸺ƯŮҲ⡣
ˮǰվãЩˣͳһӲס˭֪ˮսһŷһ޽е˭Ҫٺģ쵰Ҳ㡣
һʼ磬ҲգµΪֹɣˮϳħǰȻ߳䳡
ʱѰ죬ǳһӣտҰûأһ˳ԷҲûɶ˼һȸСƣŽһеơ
صᣬһȵķһɳϺƾƣϰһĲȡ
һһƨԱߣжֻ˰뱭ľƣ漸ԼĿ
ιһ̬¶ЩСŮ̬
磬ôôǣᱻǰǽŮȾ˰ɡһǺЦʶشļϡ
罫һĴ˦ЩƵˣᵽҾķ
һΪԼһƣһ磬ֵ˵㣬õ˼Ůȴֺϧ̫ӦˣǴүǣֲε顣һ˵һһƣҲ쳣ơ
һЦ֪ԼŮʥħѧԺʱΪ˺浽׷Ůӣ˲֪Ůġ
֪ˣôأľѳˡ̾
ʲôľѳ۰ҿǸͦģò͵ˡһ˵һֻȱ
㲻׵ģǲܺһģ˵ˣǺȾơҡҡͷû뵽һˣŮģΨŮȻôִš
һһӣʼһһ˵ģһкоͦͶԵģһʵĸо
ˣһոżС޺޹ˣСӣʵǲǱĺһȰǺЦŶһɫ۾֮ɫ
ȥģʵɣáһЦ˿ԽύҲˡ
ðɣǺǡЦŵ
ãҿ˵ġһЦɫ
֪޺ֻ磬һһûİ˵ĸһš¾ƱһЦ
ûʵһһ־ͽһ˵
Ȼһ˵


145 ը滻Ư


ãһǴǿżүôҲţȻʶֻж̶ʱ䣬ϾῴˣǴ
Ȼһɵı顣
ҷ˵жôֲǲ֪һЦ̾һ
һΣͻȻЦƣݸһһЦ㣬˵ԼݣǰҵֵܣǣǸⱭơ
һӹƱһӶЦ
ţԺýһأЦ
һɣҸϲ֡һЦ
̸Ϻܿ㱭ǽ壬ʱҹɫ¶ء
Ƿػط˯ȥˣһ˸ط׼ڤ룬ոͻȻоڷ䴫һħһš
һ´ķţûӦ̽һ飬ȴǲڡ
ôһȥˣصġһ뵽׷Ϣȥģÿ˶Լ˽в֪ĶȻֺαطǵ֪أ
һʱҲûڤ˼Ȼ뵽ˮգӦûȥ˰ɣСۡ϶ˣԺе÷ˡ
룬һܾЩģӴӳѧԺɽ䳡
䳡ĴŽһƬˮӦǻȥˡһЦҡҡͷԼϹʲôİôһѵСһ䳡ϸһһҹ
Ҳ˯ˣһ㳯źɽɽȥʱ緢ҲĩزǼ¡յɽһȻɽʯϾһӰ
ˮգŮôûȥһһﲻɽе
һϢ߽ʼˮһ䣬ֻ˵ףŮ㰡ʱ߾ͺˡ֪ҽ챻һ󻵵Ƿˡһܻܻԡһҵƨɣ֮ɫɫĸҺˡףһҪ۸ŮĻúߡ
һںˣŮˣԡȻȥǰ̰úİ
ʱˮյĶͻȻסףŮڶˣʱһ˴ζȴһӽҲð
һһ̣ûסЦŮ˶ʮ߰ˣô˵𻰻СŮƵġתתؼЦιȰʧˡ
ʱһʥħѧԺУ棬ʱҹеķݶˡһ֮߳ĵһϾӣɽһը֮ڡֳɵأֻҪըһͳըˣ˵һǸк֣ζĵϺܿ˳һ裬ߣһը滻һſ滮
֮ǰһһϣըѧԺɽȥɽʱ򣬷ˮվǴ뿪ˡ
һϣһγˮյϿգֶһӿл¡
ˮһһɫˣݺݵصһʲôҲ㡣
һȴĩţֵܣˣոһƯŮ˵ֻҪһըģȥأ
ˮһǼͻȻŵһըζˮɿʣӿøˡһ϶ŵը棬һ˵ػյͬʱһԺԼո˵ĻѵسУǵ˵ħṇ̀ѵҲģ
ף㰡ǻ˵İɡһʵ
ˮպתߵΰɣҲŲ˵ְ׳յĻ
һٺЦˮգ׳ջɲ˵
Ҳ㣬ϻ۵ˮʦô˵ôɵػأһǺЦ
ˮ죬ŭžҪ뿪
ϧҾĵը棬ˮʦҪˣζһʱһеը˹ȥ
ҲŲը档ˮߵ
治ԡ̫ϧˣըϿ洫䷽ζŨˬζƳûڸˡһһźҪըɽס
㡭ʲôˮ̲סʵ
˰Ҹոճ̫ˣըҹͲóˣ˻ŰһЦ
ˮҧ´һеը棬Ȼ֪ʱǲ̫гԵˣʮָմˮĽŮʦĳûùĻҵԵذ
ˮյĶҹսеرתֱҸضȥ
ס㻹ûԷǾͳ˰ɣ˷ˡһǺЦ
ˮԥ˰죬ֽӹһе꣬˵ȻôǿҵҪҾǿ˰ɣһ¹һ£֮Ĺھ˶һʹ
㡣һʼ硣ǹЦЦν˵ֶ̣˵˸ûԽǽȻͬġ
ˮձһ£ʼը棬տʼʱһһͣʵ̫ˣ룬ΪʲôҪ쵰ǰʲô緶ôˡǣ㲻ٿƣϤŴڴܿ͡죬һ㱻Եøɸɾ
Ա˵ĸоˮնپˣתݸһȴ̿סЦŭЦʲôЦ
һָָǣЦֻһը棬ô񳤳ˣ
ˮһʶһĨǣԭմźںɫĽ֭һ죬һתڿռָһҷûд
һһȥЦɣֲܲɡ
ˮսӹһ㿴ʵ֮Ҳûޣ羡ǰӺòãôҲһʦܸһѧƽϡ
һ˵ãһ˵ˮվͻðɣһ䳡СPP飬ʦѧĸѧ۸ʦҺûꡣ
ô۸ˣ۸ҡһ޹˵ˮղȣԭҲͷϣˮСŮƵģʾãûǲ顣һҲ룬һŮƨִģôǼ¡
㡭ҵƨߣҸû꣬ƺˡˮ˵꣬ҲһƮˡ
˵˵Ů˵ôôӲһˮʧıӰ૵
һˮոոŵʯϣƺ϶еĵ㡣ʱһͻȻоռָﴫؽʶռָУȻһɫһһɢĹâ


146 ǻʺ


ɫһȻϴ¥ǻʺϳӦǸʾħʱôͻȻˣ
һӿռָнó棬ҿҲûʲôãֻĹȻּһһƺڽʲôźƵġ
ʱһͻȻЩ̫ԾҰްֱܵظе룬Ȼһ쳣ĲûС
һػܣȻϴţϱɯóĺٿдʱѲɫЦˡϴþѲɯλãͬҲԡ
ųΪĵ㷽Բʮףһűɯ䣬ʼ£ȻڸŶʮ׵ҲӦһ塣
һٺһЦ¼֦һһХȥ˼ڱɯҪƶЬǰͺֺ
ɯɣ˵ûʲôôһЦŵ
ʱдһ־ĽЦ裬ȻǱɯǺǻʺ
ǰƾճһģӰӡʼȻǻʺߵغӣȻŻǹװ¶ѩ׵Լµǡ֬۵ʩ˫ʱ̴һ֮ɫ۴΢ЦϢջ
ɯ˵ǵĺʱһţڿɲҲŰǻʺ˫ǰķֺ֦Ц
һǻʺٺЦʺҹܵɽν°
ȻˡǻʺЦһĿѣԡ
һúܴƿĿ⣬Цңⲻ̫ðɣȻǵĹϵǰѩҪࡣҹǹйŮй֮ӰҪ˼ǻ˻ʺ
˿ɱ˲ˡǻʺݣ˵Ǳ·Ͳ˵ϡ
һĿһ裬Ůúݵİ
ǻʺıûάֶãֿЦһΪʺô̵Ϊ»˭㿴Ǻ
һÿɷŮسǸɯɲ֪Ҫ٣ʱ˻Ǯء˻ɫЦǿҵҵİɡ
˼ҵĶֲƽֲ¶棬ֻѡҹҪˡǻʺߴӵ̧ͷʵҪˮ
һɫһáͻȻñޱȣһĿҲƶһ㣬䳰ŪʺǸˣΪʲôƫƫҪ޴أ˶ĵһϧ񡣡
ǻʺһ𣬻͵ɲʱʧӰ٣ӵһЩȻȻ֪һôܹˣ̲סԣΪ뽫һչ鼺ãһӴԺϧǣʵɲ⣬ƿصġ
һǻʺãˡ
ǻʺɫһף̾һһԭİɣķģ˺ǰ
ģһһ㶣ԭǻʺֽģζȴĿȥġ
ΪʺȴһȴΪΣ˵Ǳϵˡ֮ˡһǻʺ󣬴һ˿׽͸΢Ц
˵أǻʺ
һٺһЦȻͦأʻԲĻŮˣ޷ðˣ˵ıԣνΪΪҰ㣬ٵñһʵļǮа
ǻʺ㶣Ŀȴǽ鿴ͨ͸֮£޷ǾΪһ֣˵ҪһʲôļǮ
ǵ֪ҰʲôˣһЦ
ǺǧǰʱһӵԼǧž湦λ֮ʱһ壬ɺȴ֪Ϊһ崫еѪϡ٣֮ҲѰһˣǧɴûǺҲΪµȵ壬ֻǿܴ졣ǻʺԽ˵ԽĿӯӯ
еѪֻҺͱɯѪ޷ǧɯǧѪһֻҪǧͳ壬ָܷѪˣӶˡǻʺ˶ٺ˵
һţ˵ЩҺﲻʲôæֻҪɯǧˣֲܲıǺʡ
Ҫɯ̫ǳԸǿȻԾӪӺ˽Ҫͳ壬û˰æƾǸ֧ЩϺĶ֡ǻʺ̾
ǻùƾǺЩϼһתпܡһٺЦ
ǻʺɬЦЦͳҰﲻˡ
Ϊʲôһֵʵ
ǻʺֻĿǿգòŵ㲻Ҫ֪ô࣬㵽Ҫſ԰æ
һͻȻоǻʺϴŨŨȻϵı˵Ҳ֪ҪЩʲô˵˵ṩʲôɡ
˻׷޷ǽǮŮȨֻҪæҿܸܶǮൽһҲ꣬ҲŮǺŮǲ˵ˣҪõɯ壬ⶼû⣬Ȩҿ㵱ǹĻʵۣ֪Щǻʺһ˵ĶһǮߣṩЩΪ֮
һҡͷֱЦǮ绹˱ŮߵŮĸƾɫȨȨǻ쵰ңݺ½룬ɲڹĶǣı֮С
ǮŮЩҶˣȨһϡȨﵽĿģӵʵҲһ𣿿ңǹ̫Сˣ½ȨôһԿһ¡һЦ
ǻʺֱضһԿû˵ѣܸҲ½Ȩֺαصأ
Ҫʵ԰쵽ǻҪôǻ̾
˵˵һȤ
ֻҪæͳ壬ôҺĴˣԺƾǴǻʺҧ֪ôǽĩУҪٵ׾֮£һ棬Ҳܱ˴ǰĩеĻԻͣڶģԼ˵۹⡣


147 ֮


һЩȻȻеλ£Ҳûʲôʵսǻʺ˵õĺõĻӵм֮ƯŮǼĺ
ǣһû֮ģĲڲ½ֵϴƣӵôһ֧ôأ˼˰Σڵҵúúÿһ¡
ǻʺ㶿һͻȻһҧؿڹװϵһƮȻ䣬ǰǲ˵ڵر¶һǰ
һͫȻŴ͵˰ģܿعӼճǻʺǼͦ壬ļƷϣʵԺȴѵúܡ
ҵôǻʺʵ
£ۡһ۾գҲգ˵
ǻʺһһ˿ٵĻشٿƼɫʵ峺˿
ȻǻʺһǱһĴָ׽סˣһ̧ͷһɫ
뽫Ӹңһʵ
ȻѼ˸Իװ׵ģǰҶԻҵŮ͵ءǻʺһ˵һĨ̺졣
һȵɫһţŮףǻʵۿǱת뵽ҹҹĲİĻʺ󡣶ֻǻʺߵһѾͷɣǿɱ
һҡҡͷɫ岻޹أҳƯˣ˶뽲ԭ򣬳ùϵˮ֮ҲȤ˵һῼǵġ
ǻʺһֽ̾ѴãȴҲĩ¶֮ɫıдôŮˣĻһСŮأ
⣬ܷ֪㽨ӵĿĵʲôһʵʼЩĲ޺ޣŮ½żǿĿأɲŮΪӡ
ǻʺĿЦ˵ʵɣҿӾû˼ֻиֻŮԵػռ䡣
һЦЦûʣȻԸǾˣҪǵ޺޾С
춼ˡҵûȥˣţǼ㿼ǺúһħʱȻġǻʺɫµݸһ֮Ϣ֮Уʧˡ
һʯͷϷŴԺвϵظֳǻʺ𺶵壬ڶԼܹסеЩϲɲÿ˶ܿԼģֻôһ˿ź̫ϧˡ
˼ؽҹɲֹһһڴϴˮա
ᣬᣬᡣˮñסͷͷţӻڴϺԺﲻФͣظһPPس룬Ͼһȣر뵽βʱһץϾǧֻһ̵ҪӶ
ˮƿ´ԡˮͣؽŹ̵գƽһЩ
˯ţˮձ㾲ڴ̨˼ƮСĸ˫ʱСһЩˮ磬ȴһֶ˵˶ΪҸǰˮϵħʦˮŮҲǵ½Ůֱ˿ѷɫʮʱ漣ħʦؾ磬ϣ˸ɽֹˡ
ǣҸˮСͶǳϿԴȴǳݣܲ⣬ʮʱڵʼһˮĹϵƳˮȻһ㣬ϵȴôҲôܣò׼һҲûйĻԽ֮⣬ûѣÿڤǿ飬÷ޱȣȻʦʵĽѧĽǵ޾ҲĽ֮顣
ˮ֪Լʮ֮׷岻֪ΣȴûĶǸһ꣬ĵˮպᣬʵܽᣬֻ˵Ǽʣ˼棬ΪЩӵȴȷġഺ
һ㾿ʲôأˮŵƽ߾ͷһĨϼ૵صħȰٶȻ𾪵Ʒʮһ㡣
ѧȻҴʦƨɣĿŵķǵ죬̫ɶˡˮ뵽ǸжʱӿĪĴ̼֮УһκͮͮһƬߵĳϼһ
ܿˣĳȾͨ죬ʥħѧԺĸŮῪʼ˽֡
޺޴ڤѹҹûлЩ̫ϰߡʱ˹˿УȽѵ˴ħʦƿֻҪͻƿԴﵽħʿľ磬˵ҪȱչǱʱ䶼ȥϢģ˭֪Ȼڡ
޺Ҫȥԡϴ˭֪ʱ˿ŵһæңȴƼ˽
㲻˵ҪչǱôͻȻֻˣ޺޾ȵʵ
ЦЦ߳ģЦĺܺÿиȾͺһһֻЦһȴЦŵз
˹ʦҪҺȥһطҪ£뻹ǻ㡣ź˵
޺޿һЦ˵ǻһǿҶ簡
ûص޺һ۵ҲŲǻġ
ˣǾͲǣȥһȥȥ¡޺Щĵʵ
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳ֪˹ʦû˵
һҪСĵ㡣޺ס֡
Ҫģ˹ʦڣǻʲô顣ЦŰο
ǡҪҪҶ˵һأ޺ʵ
ţи˵𣿡͵ӦһȻʵ
ȥˣûţ˵ʵϵϷŮͬѧˮʦȥѵˣǺǡһ·˶汾ҥԣ޺޲Ц
ɫǣĶ۸ŮӡЦʱĿ¶׹
ڳԴŶ޺ȡЦ
ҲûС
˺ˣ֪ûгԴףҳԴ˰ɣһ£һȥ͡޺޴ĻԡңһŵĵǣĶԺ󵽵׻ôӣӦöĶһ˿øУԼȴûз֣ڸһУ֪ţǼʱǳִ֣ʲôڵ
޺ϴϣ˱ʳȥʥħѧԺʳãһѧԺɽƷḻҲɿڣԵҲȽ϶ЩΪ峿Ϻɽѧࡣ
ʱ仹Ƚ磬޺ʳõʱ˻١
ʱ۽ͻȻһĨϤӰһתͷ۾ɲʱĹЩϲ


148 ϵĹ֮ͨ


һͷеͣͻһ紵ǰһ˵ǰ
һ̧ͷվǰ޺һüȻٺЦɰλŮһ԰ɣ͡
޺ϼݾµ
òûҰһЦӶ
ûУǲŶûأðֱ˶ϵ˵Цȴ쳣á
컹ðνһղղôһƶ
޺̲סЦλŮЦʱʳеĿ˹Ů¶֮ɫŮ޷
ǺǣԽԽ˵ˣ˳ʲôˡ޺޽ЦﲻȴǰҲôŮӣټʵôǿĻõǿֶΰǵĽСǿ¶һŶɡ
ЦݣϲȴôҲβסһﲻ֪ΪʲôǺܿģȻΪԼϲˡΪÿŮڵⲻմմϲһ̬Ŀֽһ
뿪£ﲻЩºһĸо᲻䵭أڴ֮ǰǲǸøһЩͷأ뵽һͨ졣
ʱ޺ͻȻ𵱳СΪһѧУõҲһǲɷʵι磬ܳ͸һΪʲôҪѵ׸ǼҲɣ
һ㶣ͻȻЩ֮ΪĴˡ
ĴˣѵǴ˵е壿ֵĹǴ𣿡޺ԺԼ²ûд
һѹٺٸЦʼ壿Ȼǣ뿪֮һصˣҲҵʦһǳңԶعȡӵŻԻͲõʷצΪ˵ءƸܣȵǶѪҺĴˣҵʦ̸ҹ򣬲ΪȻشˡ
צôû˵Ҳû˵ĸΪġ޺Իɵһ
˵ǷǳңԶعˣڲ½ںԶԶһ޴½عҡһЦŵǲ֪ô˵졣
ڲ½ѵ˲½Ĵ½Ů𾪵
ΪֻһƬ½Ǿ֮֮ܰǿġһҡͷ̾ȴǱЦ⡣
ߣǾ֮ܣ㶮öࡣ
Ǻǣ˵ˣ˹ͷѧôһЦתƻ⡣
ʲôͷôһ㶼˹ʦÿɶˣĽҿǻأ಻ĵطһ¾ˡһһۣһﾹҽ˹ħʦΪͷñˣÿһڿˮˡ
𣿿ͷеʵһתӣֵЩˣܺλĿǰŻϵħ߷дһµĻǿ϶Լ˼ڤҪЧöࡣ
磬Ҫ˹ʦȥ£µʱ䲻ܼˡ޺޲
ʲôɫͷҪȥһ¡һе
СΪ˹ʦһҲһȥˣǶѵ˴ħʦƿ˴ͻƵĴûᡣ˳һ˵һŵرãȻһ˿̵ĸо
ѾͷҲȥ⻹ࡣһֹ
һһۣͻȻҧҧЩתͷ޺˵޺ޣ㲻Ҫȥͼ𣿻ȥٲȥûλˡ
޺һ㶣Ҫȥͼݣƾļȥͼ¥ħʿһ㶼ʦŻĵطʲôʱǿյģĻûλðߺգʱ׹ﲻɫѵѾͷ
ǰҵȥռλǴŰɣˡ޺˵㼱뿪ˡ۵תһɲһ˿į
һ޺޼ȥıӰЦҲȥϿˣˮŮ˻֪ʲôء
ݺݱһһۣһƽʱóɾƵģʱôͱһľͷƵģ춼ҪˣͲ֪һ
ףôҡһǿЦ
㡣һһŶһؽϣʳȥ
һæ׷ȥѾͷƤ̫˰
ͻȻ뵽ˮŮˣ컹ǲȥΪã˵˵úùͨͨôһٺЦ˵ȴǷɿתͷС޺֧뵥ԼһǴӦҲ˰ɡĪǡ
ʲôأЦôתͷһЦݣﲻһ
һۻˡôôЦôأһæЦһ
Ҫ¾ûлˡһ
ôˣһٺЦʡ
ͻ˦ͷ˵
̫˽ˣ˵ǵڴϺúùͨͨһЦŵһǣסС֡
⻵ʲôùͨġ˵˵ͻȻͣȻ⻵һ˵ڴϹͨŭһ˦һĴ֣һɫǱСǰȥһЦںš
˺ܿ߳ʥħѧԺһסС֡
ǰסõ꣬ǰǸ䡣һɳͷһеŹƣŵЩ֪롣
Ȼ⽫Ӹһ׵ڵ̬͸տʼʱȴЩ΢ı仯տʼʱǴžȻȻʲô鶼ȴһҵСŮˣһʱеĪĿֻźͲȻȴǺߡ
һԽԽ΢΢һЦӦе⣬һŮӦеر飬ǰѹվԼǰȻ۸ȴ쳣ԭӦöһĺøаɣһ
һƵǰһЦȵưůůӰɣ㿴㶳ͨˡ
죬ƱһűٵһһһƺŵŻһЩ
һߣоĽϴĪһϧһ§סЦȾƿɲȵأ벻֪ȲŸȤһյĶȵϢеĶһ˵飬һǸк֡
˵ȾƲ𣿡Щȵ
ȾأӦһ۾ųȵĹâһȴĩ£ǽ촽۵С졣
ֱߵغ˫е촽һСѱһռ졣ɵͷ·˿أ˿˿ƾʹ˻ؿСһƾ˵ĿȫιĿУмιȴ˳ǻ񾱡ֱѩ׸ʵظ
ã촽ֿ룬ĵϢΪŨҡ
֪𣿺ȾƾӦһպסĶһਣʱĲ
һĻУҲ᲻һ˿ˣֻǰ˫ȴ˵Ϯ
ĺ𣿡һͻȻʵ
ţߡֵ߲صͷһͷһĻС
ȥϺúùͨһ°ɡŻжôشࡣһٺֱЦ˵ʵҪѿ쵽ٽˣ뿪ɭֺûзйˡٹ¾Ҫһˣ಻ˬ
һһڣ˶һĶɫء
һһѱȥһѽشϡڴϴһͷͷߵòҿһһۡ
סҵСҲ֪ˣǺܵһͳЦڴḧ㷢
û뵽ôһ˵Ǽĵɫһҧתͨ͸Ȼһһѹ£һߺһһ߳һ·
һµһЩֲˣȻ϶ðβŻع
һĵɫֱȥͷһؼѴСһţ·ݺҧȥ
һæȥﲻɸ̾Ů˰ҧѵҲԣ
ĩûҧȥ
·һϵĵŮ㣬ûйͷĽɿʼҲɴ˱˻ơ
һҧ´һԱߣССֲһ½󣬱׾ϵ·
˵·ɲŮôӣܿ죬һ㱻ѹˣ¶׳ؼ븹ʱһֻʣһڿˡСһѱڵ̼ðͦأɳŵϸߡ
һأһɳѽҰһ㱼ţš
סԼķģһݣһڿ㻺£ǴִСֵɲʱ˳һûмһֵܣһǿʱǱ۾ģ֪Сһﳤ˰
һȴҲͲסˣһѹ£һȫװ¶ѩ˵ľ塣
һһһڿˮһ㷺Ĺ۾һƵ壬°һİ飬ƽ̹СëܲľԲһжôˡ
һ˫֣ˬϣһץ̼ܵʱһ⼤͹ͦ
һ׳ѹȥϢצ޴ڵظеشֱĻԲ¶ģһ֮һ˿ңһ˲䡣
䣬ȴ꣬粨˰һһα˦Ϸ綥˼⣬ղŴһһһ󿪴ϣһαһμңһ߿Եļ籡
Ъͷ㷢ˮ͸˫һؿڣʱȻ߳ϻĩȥ
һƶ˻Ʈ¡ع壬һ۱İָоúܰġ·յһ䡣
Ϊʲô֮ǰǴʹľرأɻŬ룬ȴǸֲҹѾ䵭ˣѾöûˣҪ֪ǰÿ϶Ρû˯һȵľ
һĻ˼˰ΣóۣΪļƻʼЧ֮ǰһб㿪ʼˡ
һһɣ᲻ʹ˰أղŵӶ޲ýҳȥء룬ղſǱһӳء
ͻȻɫһ䣬˵˷֮¾ͻỳУСǿô찡ʱѵҪɣ
˵᲻СأЩŵؿʵ
һͷ¶һЦɵϣǰȫڣС
ȫڣô֪ʵ
һѵҪʶϽ̵ء
֪һһҲ䡣
ԹԣһһСֵֿʼˣոձŮ˲ðһһЦôˣüĿ֮䴺⾡ԡ
úã˵ŮİȫڱǺʱǰһںͽʱغһڣڼԲеġһֻøΡ
ŶӦһ𣬱Ӧø˵ȴеһ˿ʧ䡣
𣿡һЦʵ
ͷ
ȻˣǲһΡһЦѹˣµһŮսֿĻˡ
һڰȴüʮֳո˵˹ħʦվҪ£еȴʯһû˶أڲ½˼λħʦͽʥûֹܹⳡսˡȻ۹׵壬ⳡսϯ½ֻǳ飬˹ħʦ۹ῴһ㡣


149 ޷תľƣյ


߽˹鷿ֻ°ͻĺӱĿ˼·ûв˹飬ﲻɿһ£ʼ˲õԤС
˹ʦˡῪڣǳš
˹˫Ŀ΢΢ЦЦ¹ˣɣЩ˵һ˵
˹ϣĿɫʵ˹ʦǲǹⳡս飬絽λħʦ뽣ʥ𣿡
˹һ̾üĿƺŸô˵
µĶʱˣƺ鷳
¹Ҿʵ˵˰ɣѾλħʦͽʥȥħźǳˮϵħʦˮ֮⣬༸λԱʾԸִ½ǰﲻˡ˹̾ŵֺγԸ⿴½ս֮У˴γλħʦͽʥԸ֮⣬һԭΪǹĻʵҲ飬Զ෽ѹȲֻܷ
µ쳣س˹һ֪˹ʦѾˣǳл鷳ˡ
¹Ҫô˵ûаﵽ㣬ǲ½ƻ޷ת֪¹кδ㣿˹ʵ
¹ҡҡͷü˿˶ǳۣôأֻþϻȥȻս޿ɱ⣬۹Ҳĩغ¡˵仰ʱϵ˹еľ۹Ĺ̻ʥŮȻǸ򵥵Ľɫ
¹סһ߰ɣɫҲˡ˹
µͷת뿪鷿
ˮսЩ񲻶ͦ¼һأ˭֪߽ҵʱ򡣾Ȼһ̿ˣһӰӶûšϿʱ۾ʱƳϿλŭֱð
ˮոû˼Ͽˡݲݽ˼ֱðЩŮϰˣԼһܵ칫ȥˡ
Ͽεһ۸ʦڶ̿Σдˮһ̿ϡĶ˼ʵҲ֪Ϊʲôô𣿺е㣬ֲȫǡȻѶʮ߰˵ˣŮ֮ȴһŰֽеʱСŮСŮ
ʱ䣬ԥһ±¥ˮϵħA࣬ҹȥ㷢һҲȥˣһûлĪЩģȻ뿴ˮϵħAǸ𣬵ȥһûȥϿΡ
ոߵAؽſڡͱһۼŮˣײײԱߵЦذˡ
Ͻ̧ͷڽſţһϲæ˳ȥ
СӣûϿΣȥȥˣûмһ˵
磬ҵ𣿡Щץס󣬶ʱȫŮĽ˵ôడֻһˡ
֣ȥʱ˫۾š
̾һ˵ǳȥ˵ɡ
̼ͨ죬æͷ¥ȥᷴһ
簵ԿЦⶼûôճأҪ֪ҲһǸŮ֪᲻
һľصط£𼴽ֿĵ磬һĵȴھҪн
˰ΣҪһ飬־ͱָץסˣֻ磬ĺܿģлл㡭
ȵȡ缱æִ˫ЩгȻµҪ˵ʲôˣΪ˴Ҫء
ţһ£һǳСϿûУʵ
ûУ綼ûпҡͷ
쵽׷ʲôˣôѧУǹǰҥ԰ʵһȥϿοɲˣְ汾һˮϵħAȫŮͬѧʦˮյҥԳ䣬ߵﶼѧ̸ۡ
һ죬ӵؿһۣΪҲһ⻵һ͵Ϯˣ۹ظ
ر飬粻Щ֣ѵһСĽȫŮϷһ飿ʵ̫ˡ
µĽʵϵķ齲ʱ̿סЦСҲʵ̫ܶ˰ɣȻŮͬѧŮʦظϹ࣬Ҳֻеó
ҪϿˣǻǻȥɡ˵㳯߼ħϵĽѧ¥ȥ
磬ȵȡ԰һƬźס硣
ܵǰ棬ʵ磬ҳΪһ飬ѵ㲻ҵ𣿡
ε̾һԲֻ֪һûϿΣҺ㲻ܵģϺ˶ǣαôִأ
쵰ҺˡʵΣĨˣֻЦűӡ
һȴõսغϣսƻϢģձѳһһһĻУһָͷҲԸٶˡ
һŴ湻Ҹа壬絽ھûЪ緹ûüأһս㽫ƽˣ˴ͶĶǶòˡ
ȥ㶫һŻе
һȴ˵ûˡ
һ´·泴˼С˴ȴѾ˯˹ȥ̽һ㽫˷Աߣȴõꡣ
ǹҹҲǳˣĴǸɫħƣѤöĿ˴䣬γһǹеķ羰
ţһͻȻͣ˽ŲΪһϤı־һֻԡķˣǷ˼ı־ΪݷĹϵ־ҲеǳС
һҷ˼Ʒ꣬ר۸ֵȼħֻͷ֪һǳ
Ѿͷڲ֪ڸʲôûأһﲻԺֳ︡ݷųӢԼǹŻƤ׵Ļģô䣬ĶڶĿ⡣
ʶĵεΣһЦЦ
ʱһͻȻϤӰһŽ׼ɴһŴŮŮŮС䡣


150 µ


ƺоһĿ⣬ͣס˽ŲתͷһվڲԶЦʱͻȻһʣ漴ЩߵرܿĿ⣬ԡ޵⼸ǳԺ֮ȥ
һǰЦɰ¹ô¹ְ
ǿѹе⣬ĿƽӭһĿ⣬𣺡ǰɣҪȥˣϽЩƷ
ߣˣһʵ
һȻҡҡͷ¿ǰ첻ˣƽţұûȥˡ
һĿ֪˵۹µ۹սӴ˴޷ˡһ۹⣬Ȼѿս·չһȫΪƲĽ۹ⳡսаʲôĽɫҲȥܡ
ôףһ·˳磬ҾͲˣǡһ»ӻ֣תߣֲǾʲôս¡
ȵȡͻȻ׷ǰסһ䡣
ʲô¹һʵ۾ȴ½·֡
·ɿ֣ЩĻңȡһ˿ߺҪ͸ɴƽһ飬ʼЩ̸̸ʱ𣿡
һüЩԥ϶Ϊ죬̸̸ʮа˾漰ϵ⡣
һᵢܶʱġһԥ¼æ
˼˼룬ӦһʱҲһͷӦˡ
·ԸŮСлȥһ˽ɽϣϻûܰ
Ѱһã¶ûпڡֻ̧ͷеĵ㷱ǳ
¹ǽҹ㿴ǵ𣿡һЦſڵ
תͷǸЦЦڵӦ֪۹µ۹֮ĳͻ˰ɡ
һͷ֪ܲʱħʦسͻȻҲֳġ
սڲ½ûֹͣβһһսϯ½ʱѪɺӣʬҰĲҾԤµЩΪԼĹңҲΪ½İհ
һЦЦһɣź嫵浭Ͼñط֣־ñغϡȻ򣬼Ȼս޿ɱ⣬ǾֻˣҪ˵ģҲֻܹ
𾪵һȻһҧ㲻֪˵ĻѪ𣿡
һȴƤҲ̧ЦѪһ已̥ôѵǵúںҵȳ𣿡
ǰһĻǺסˣһĮĵ̬ȴʵڲҹͬ
¹ҲôΰˣҲǣҪֹս˵׻ΪԼĹң׵Ǳعң¾ûô˰ɡһ
ɫһãߵһһʱҲ֪ʲôζһ˵ûǰ˹ħʦȴΪԼعңҵİȴĩ롣
˴Ҳǵ˵½Ľŵľưɣһŵ΢΢תͷ£ϴЦЦı顣
²ȻƿĿ⣬ͻȻ֣ԭԼûôУ˵ôĻ£ˣͨһҲô˽
еٺݺݵزϼţǲǸоرˬأûлشһ⣬ֻЩ
ţôһĸоӸԣҵϱֵرԡһЦŵ
ûصһۣͻȻ̾һ˵˵ûҵȷûôΰŵԼĹҺˡ
ô˴ҡһʵ
˵ûȻս޿ɱ⣬Ǿֻˣ̣۹û¹˭µһƬ⣬оɱ֮
һЦЦѾͷȻʡ͵ĵƣӲ½Ҫˣһж޹أȫ濪սսӵǹҲҪһʱġ
˵꣬תһϣЩ䣺˴۹µ۹ĳͻǿ۹Ӧþӹΰɡ
һһݵЦ¹Ҳ֪һǰ뿪˿۹ʲôҲ֪Σıսͨͨ޹ء
ȴÿɷЦսһȫչΪܶŶү
һ³Ĳݸż壬˺ԼйϵļλŮҪȷʵеѰ
֪¹кθ߼һʵ
ǿ۹ɿ޷ţ½һôıһڳԵ𣿡֣˵Ǳһһ㡣
ôһüʵ
˫Ӯ˫񲻸á½һ˵ϾȻɢһ˵ơ
һٺЦֹҴ£˵ʲôãӦȥ۹Ļʵս̸
żڿ۹һ죬ľӼȫƿ̸֣Ҳһµ
ҲֲҰҼͷ˵˲㡣һЦ㲻ΪʲôҪ˵¡
˵˵һ´
ΪΣһЩˡ
һһӦѱ㸸żˣ˶ã˽ȥıˡǸֳһ˿Ц⣬ڹıĸϼǿ
һһţһƯڿշվӸµظ£Уȴ˿õӡ
һǴĿĿսµĿһ˿ţÿ˶ԣԼҲ⣬һһǷһаأ
һһЦѾͷչ黹һ㣬ֳԵͦԾģͷҰ֪ģһʮѾͷܿóûսϺ꿴˴βսżһλᣬȴҲһ·Ӯưԣ򡭡
һûȥյµĸǰͷֻһ֮࣬Ŀӣһȴ°ƿһС¹ײ
νλıһϲңڵǷܶҲұ֤֮Ը˵ЩǣͷɣϾĿɲֹ۹µ۹϶ҲôġһνѣЦ˵
еһзһУһĶֶ֣ҲͬҲ治ﲻ룬Ǹ֣ϼҪߵͷˡ


151 


ôһЩε飬Ұﲻ㣬Ҽͷ˵һȥҲһȥġ㣬ҪͿ۹ˣǸϽȥﱸɡһ˵
һ̾һҲʶһͲ԰𣿡
һЦʼ磬ʲôʱҲˣǻҪæ۹ҲҪæ
ʲôҪĻԾʲô鶼Ĳ𣿡
һЦЦΪλ۹ĹʥŮʲôڲͬԭҲˣôǣĹϵе˲̫ϲĻǴ밮飬˱Ķͻζ
ҵŮ˵ĻôҿԿһ¡һٺЦЦ̲ס׽Ūһ£ǷΪ˹ҶԼ塣
һĻɫ콻ӣҧгݵֱ롣
ҾԲԼ֮Σúܱôº޺޵
ɣôҲǻˣı㸸Ϊ˴ﵽĿĲ֪ץ˶ҸŮΪ˰ɣʱôأνˮת굽ҡǺ̸㸸ףҴ˵͸ŮˡһٺЦ
ɫһ԰ףСȭͷյĶˣһ˵ÿ仰ǧʯһĿڡؿڳƵļѪһͻȻԼغαǰЩ߸˵ŮֻЩͬˣֵԼȴòɽܣһ㡣
飬֪ԺͿ۹ˣʾԻԥذƷɱӻڹ̻£Ǿʹź۹׾ѣǹ̻ʥŮȴ۹Ĺ̻ǲܸ˽µġ
ûʱ˵ˣҵױڵأһ˵žҪ뿪
һסһ䡣Žеȵȡ
һȵתĪԸ⣿
˵Ը㲻ǿԴٳ۹۹Ľأ·޷޵ҧ´Ѫˡ
ֻ˵Կǡһ޹ֲģŮ˭ϲȴϲķʽ
㡭ˣң
ûаղҾ˵أȻҪôĻҲû취ټһµ֣һЦŵʧҹ֮С
쵰Ҽ޸㣬ƫҪ޸㡣ҧʵף˴θǴ˺Ϳ۹̸Уʮа˾ŻΪ֮һļöѳΪƷˣһֹеĹʱⱻƼ޳ȥ硭
һƮҹУ紵棬ϵĻЦҲͻȻʮļŮˣʵظ顣˿̣ģݷ¶櫣˫ĸŮ˲ѣͬ
һ˼ĩˣԷɻصõϿգŽԼķ䣬ȴ֪ʲôʱ˹ڴĨᣬһæñӸסͷ
ôˣһϵĵʵȥӣȴôҲϷ֡
һϳɴ˴ڻУͳȻҪˡ
ҲҪܣҲ뿴㡣ƵӱдһЦѣôˣŮզô̺أղŻʱͣųȥתһȦѾͷôͷˡ
һ;Щۣټϸղ˼ߵļŮصõֲ֪ʲôƢɾЩĻ䣬̾һӻشϣֱͬ˿ɳϣƿ͹һͨ
ӣЩ̿ҲЩίʱʱһߣܣҵȲһֱĸоί֮±һǺܸ˵ģŮԵôһ뺦ȴ˵˸ղĻ
ɳһįرӰһƿһƿžƣܡȦʼ˳ȥ
ˡӵץסһĴ֣һʱھͷϣʶһ˦ȽķʦԱ⣬Ȼһĵɳϡ
Բ𡣡һʶԼʲôסݵļǸ
ίỨ˸һĵǸɳ䣬
һ̾һ뻳ο˭֪Խǰο޵ñԽġ
һ̫Ѩɴ಻˵ˣֻǾر
㲻Ҫ׺òãҺú¡ڳҭſ˵һ֮󣬱ĩ˳ı飬û¶ʱȴʧ˷ִ硣
жףֻЩ̫ãǸһ˦ȥһͷԴϲ˲䡣
һĻУͻȻһİҲЩһĹϵھʲôأ룬ʶرӱ⡣
ˣղſʲôһֵʵ
ող۸𣿡
ո۸㣬ҽʱʲôһ˵
ҡп϶ˡҲѧһˣ
˵ѻСӻ䳤ġһ޵úǡ
űӽεŲᣬֲСո˵꣬ĶӾ͹
ˣҲ˷ôԣһʵ
ҡҵʱڲŶġ˸Ų˵Ϊ˿ĵûθˡ
һ£ķ˶һˣոջķת۾ͱˡ
ףõĻϵħôû𣿡Ȼ
ⲻǻϵħʦҵһֹ򣬹԰ɡһЦ
һŤͻȻҪιҡ
һõЦԵظо̬ȣѾȫһˣǸʰĽᣬǷʹ˽⿪أ
ðɣҾιҵıԷһϣһ׷˳ſķ۴ιȥ
ķˣȴͣһǲĿϣһ˲ĸоһ࣬ȴůĸоʧˣڼ˱ǵǸһԡ


152 ˫GL


۵ʱǹ÷ǳ죬ҹһӵ˯˵˯϶΢Ц
Ҫ˹У컹ĩһʱʱ磬ʥħѧԺﶼǾĵһƬżſôһ̿ѧ塣
ȥķסĸߵᣬҪˣôҲҪ޺˵һɡſڣǿŵŷô
ЦŴкתһһ£ȥ޺˵һ
һӰʧ¥ϣҲѰطȥͻȻоһһƬϸСļƤ
һһתͷüŷջطϵͻȻһʶĸоϸһȴͷԣոıǱѵŷ޺޵˵ﵽ˴ʦĳ̶ȣ
תȥŷ裬һһ裬һηһƬƣҵ㼱ָӥצſĲӡ
ŷȻһĳǰȥƺ˿оΣһ㡣һצŷزӽһʱȻջأҲ˲صԭأȴǾɲŷͨˣо˭أ
ŷ˸ħطһ˫ۼʱ㶢ע˽ȥ˷һеɻһЩղĲɡ
ѾͷôûкõŴôһתװȥŷĵصͷʱǬŲ˽ȥ
ŷ̧ͷǵ۾ͻȻһƬ峺ҡͷЦЦһ䣺Сӣǲʵ
һ·ߵſڣԼЦһƾȻˣˡݣһߵһſڡȻ޺ЦڴŤһţŶԷ
ƽʱĻһڿˮѣıѪҪˣէйǵҲûʲôÿһ缡ޱϤˡй¶Ǹ޺ޣֻŷɫ㣬ҪºȤװ͸ټڴŤһΨһ߲ҲҲ
أ޺޵¾Ȼȥ¶һͦزֻϧһĽǶֻܿ棬һѿҪԲˡ
ӣӡһšȴճȥһ㶯Ҳ
޺ܵͻȻϮһҪȥԸץס޺޵֣Ц޺ޣ䳤˺öడ
аſˡ޺ȴǲˣ˴С浽󣬶˫òˣŵҲûʲô˼
Цס޺޵һֻץץǵ޺һ̺졣
ۣ˵ûУһֶֻץˡЦ֪ΪΣԺͻȻֳһʹʱΣȻ˫۳Եˡ
ſˣҶ绹¥µأ޺
عͻȻһתЦɫǶ۸ңҾ۸ıá
޺޿ȴЩϲϲ׽ŪǼ֮ʹû¶ֹ飬ؼֱ飬ȻǸˡ
޺ɫ任ʱͻȻӣƤ޺޷ۺһ¡
޺ɲʱǺ죬ŭڸʲô
ô۸ҵġЦŵ˵䱾غס޺޵ķۺӣңѧһӶŪš
Ҫ޺޽һĹѣҲЩܲתӽѹ£ŷյᴷ˼¡
ıҶˡ޺
ЦЦ˵ǰҪ־͹ȥ
һſڿÿڸ찡ѾͷȻGLڻֱð̣һ˵Ůȥĳ嶯
ǣܿһʶ޺ãȻ͵Ҳаͷʱһ亹һʧſڡ޺޻عͷǰƺһ¡
޺һͻȻȰٶȣѵղڴϵĴˣǡ
޺һܵĴڣͷȥһؿһôϣ޳ܵŮѧкոȷʵԼۻˣɳһ


153 ټ˹


޺ֵķӦеȣ´ߵҲȥŵһʵ޺ޣôˣ
ûʲô뿴Ҷ绹ڲڣûˡ޺Ц˵
һɧŮѧкеŮɴפ֮˵Ц
޺ޣȥϴһ°ɣ˹ʦԼʱ쵽ˡߴŽ޺޳ԡңȴڴһڻĳһ
޺¥һΧŵŮѴӶչʮˣݺﲻϣﲨҷɡһǸɫڻоһһ޺޿߹
һԴ׵ģһЦΧסMMӻ֣׷ȥ
ôҾأ׷ӿҪġһٺЦס֡
˦һ֣ߵʼıҵĴɫǡ
ôأҾǸˣҲԲḺҵġһЦ˵ĻֺƤٴǣסС֡
˭֪˵ĻǼٵġͷС΢΢һһץסˡ
磬ٽôĵĻˡҺëˡһߵ޺޶˶һ񺮵ģ
һٺЦЦû취˭ŮӶϲʱ֪ٵġȴǻá
Сãôãһ֪ĸأһ˵
ҹڹϵħA࣬ȥϿεģһͼݿ顣޺޵ϿҪͻƸ߼ħΪħʦˣϿδ˷ʱ䣬ȥͼݿʵڡ
ͼкܶ𣿡һʵ
׳հʥħѧԺͼݿǲ½ͼݡ۹ĻʼҲҶȲһһۣһﾹ㳣ʶ֪
ͼݣһ۾һĿռָȻҲв鼮ʥħѧԺͼСϪ󺣵ˣԺݵͼˣⶼһ֪⡣
ʱ˱˹סԺҪţȴ˹ȴ˹үǻͷϻħۣԶԶƸеȵϢ
޺ޡˡȻ˹ȵסŮ֣ȴһһߣʼնûпһϴթ¼ڻ
ŮȺһ˹߽㹧ʺãֻһ´ϵͷϴڻçСʱûʲô仯
˹һ͸ɢ⣬Ϣ͸꣬ƺЩ죬˿̼޼ɵĴԼ˫Ŀа˹ȥ
Ŀԣ˽һʱ˹һ棬漴ͻȻ˭ˣϴڻçԭ赭дľѹıСˣû뵽¸һ࣬Ȼֽ࣬Ǻη
Сӣּˡ˹ͻȻЦŪŮЩĪ
ͷȻǵңûϺͿһٺЦһͷ޺޶ʧɫ˹ħʦĴħʦôѵҪˡ
СᾫΪȴɲ⣬ҲѰʥħѧԺѧΪҲû˹ĩһĳƺЦʵ
ҽһѧ죬ûҲΪ档һٺЦ˹ǰûһֻһͨͷƵġ
ȼүүƺһ۸ͦãɽүүǸ󻵵ϴνһǧϾƭߵĻ
˹һ㶣˵𣬵һǧϾ۲ѡ
СӣͬӶթƭһǧϾңӦô㰡˹Цݽһ˵СʵڲƽⰡ
˹ƺˣæ˹ʦһǧϾһỹġ
ƨ˵ͷ˵թƭʲô֤ݰû֤ҿɸ̰һ³رһڴĻ۾˿õ˹ӡ
˹ϼ޻غСӣΪ޷죬Ӷ˲˴¡ҾͲ˵춼һο
һüͷһͷйģȷһܴ˹Ҫ˿ӶӦòǼ¡
Ǻǣǵҵ֤˵ɡһЦŲ˹Ứôʱ뾫ȥأҾмӶ˵ʵҲ޶ôñӶһϵӶڿһ˵´ͷβϷ
˹˿ɫ˵ʵƾʵڲ½жˣһ׽͸ꡣһսһĳ嶯һУҲͬĿ
үүǸˣҪֻ쵰˵ˡȺݺݵһһ˵
ţǸˣСӣ¿ɱ뿪ʵһ㡣˹һ˵
˵ͷ㿴ɲƳٸһأǱھͿʼˡһض˹ȴǸ˹һͷ
˹ܿһʲôĵطſһεģ˾͵֮ˣǣСӵĽ
Ȼ˹ϱһ⣬޴޺Ůȥ漴ħһڡ
һָоħʱ֪˹ſħ
֮ףգ˹ڰеȵȼ˺÷ϵػףһɲʱû
Ůľ뾪һ޺޸ǽŵð֪һı£ʱڽ¶ȻԵĿǾħĴħʦɲǲġ
ǷİɣүүзִأֻǽѵǸ쵰һ¶ѣġȼŮģɰο
֮ȼһӣɢȥ˹ħֵسŮĿɿڴ
ֻһȫ·յ˴룬¶ɫףĿýڣںڵĳҲ˴룬ġ˹ҲͦǱħ۶Ƕ°͵ĺһأŮϸһȴһץһѻĺ룬Ц׵ӡźںڵؿû۾
˹ȥħ򣬻һСӾȻΪĺ˴룬ˡͬģҲޱ𾪣СӲŶ󰡣ȻȻĩȫõֻһʮļǿȺħ£Ҳֻѷѡ
ͷħʦҲôһ˻еĺЦ
Сӣ͵ɣһٺúýѵ㡣˹ŭһĿҲ˼͡
˹ݺܿ컻һ·һ°͵ĺӣ˵ȣǳ
һתͷһͻȻ÷ǳ᲻ãĿһˮ
ȵȡһͻȻǰĿ֮½§סͷסС졣
һͣƿһ뵽˼ֱ§סһĲҵػӦֱ޺ȿ࣬˹һ͵ͷҲһѣŮǵĳû뵱ǹ̸ʱҲֻ͵͵ظ»пð
֣һ׼ң׼黨ǲݡ
һش˶ţ˹ȷգۼʧߣֻΪƱǣþòɢ
ι磬ˣ㷢ʲô޺޼һ㳶˵
ţһع޺ЦЦѾͷڵǽˣֻǰǵüӸ֣Ҳнɡ
ҿϲˣɲҪ˺޺˵
Сãô˺ϲҿĻءһЦ
޺ֹ̾һû˵俴óݽȥˣԼԣԼġ
СãһȥͰɡһ޺˵
޺޵ͷһһѧԺɽµǸʳá
޺ŵس࣬һЦЦôһҲ쿴Ҳ۰
磬㲻ԶҸ޺޵һ
һٺЦ˭ҵСóôƯԶôÿһҲ𣿡
޺΢죬¶һ˿Ц⣬һĿ佱ͦõģ뿪һ̧ʱͻȻʳſһɫˮϵħ۵Ů˻˹ǳ˵Ŀһ


154 ѹħ


磬鷳ˡ޺һĽ˵
һ̧ͷ˳޺޵ĿȥˮŭسвֱƣѵŮ˻ڼǳƨɵС۰
ˮվһǰ˵ϳһˮѧУﴫ÷зҥŮǣʱһСУһƬϷĿ⣬ȻҲвüʵ÷һɱ˵ĻѾˡ
޺޿һֿˮգһһŭգԥһ£˵һҪϿΣˣİ
ûѾͷһ޺޵ıӰһˮʦʲôǳȥ˵ɣȻ㲻ôѧˣһ㿴ŵĻҲν
ˮ价һȦħʦȻƱƵΧ۵ѧ׷ױܿ񲻸֮ӡ
ˮ˵תʳãһɽһصĵط
ˮʦ̵ģʲôĪҪʵǲ˵ȼɱһһʧɫӣ۾ȴЦӯӯ
һغˮջһڣȥ˺
ΪʲôûϿΣˮѹ»ŭʵ
ΪʲôҪϿΣһЦŷʵ
㡭ѧҪϿΡˮսȭͷоҪˡ
šΪбҪϿ𣿡һٺЦˮ÷׵ﾹһֲ֪νĿ⣬֪ǲЩ̬
ˮղɷǰ쵰޼ɵ۸ʦˣбҪϿ飬һ⣬漴ķŭɫ콻ӡһʱ֮˵
ˮʦû°ɡһˮɫ̫ãʵ
ˮջعҧҧ´ͻȻ̾һįǰûҪϿΣҲûʸ㡣
ˮģһ֪Ǻˣ˰ΣګګҲֻ˶ѡʵɲҲġ
ˮ̧ͷͻȻչһЦڰο治֪ô׷ģô
һˮղõĽգи̾ΪʲôŮôƱء
һɲɸңֵħ˭̵ģٶôô죿ˮʵʮֺ档Ҳʮֿ֪
һٺһЦ˵йҵأ㲻Ҳû취
ˮһһˣ˹ԺȥҲ֪ġ
˹ͷҸոջһܣĺӸ˴롣һһüЦ˵
ţҲݸ壬ƾ㣬Ҳֻ۸ŮӶѡˮһš
һ˫һףҲŮӣһܷʮʥħħʦŮӣϴ󲿷ֵ˶޸֮Ӥˡ
⸱˵ı飬ͷսˣǱ˹ԺúýѵһٰɡˮЦһͷ
˵㣬֪ͱҲ²⡣һû
㡭ʲô㣿ҿ𣿡ˮ̱ɫСӾȻ㣬ֱд
ϲϣֻʮüӣǷ绪ïһ仨͡һٺЦ
˵ҲŶʮ꣬ˮһ˵ʶϵˣĹĵһ
ŶŶʮ꣬󲻴ҵŮ˸ոպáһЦˮգ˵ʵǳķϻǺġ
ˮŭһյȥˡ
㲻ɹѸˣ֪˭˵ֻҪһըģôͷˣһٺٵЦԱ˶ŮҲһ鰡
ˮնʱһȣƿһˡ
һҡͷЦЦŵ㳯ͼȥȻǲ½ͼݣô϶ĩ飬һˡ
ƾݿһ׾ٵؽͼݣһȥͼһ¥ˣӾһλҲУ϶ˣһһۣһ¥ȫһЩħ֮鼮
һ¥ȥ¥ЩҲˣֻûһ¥ôŶѣ¥һŵϷŵĶЩмħ顣һҲˣ¥Ǹ߼鼮ˡ
һߵ¥¥ȥеķ¥ݿھȻн磬Ƚ˵иûмûʲôһ׵߽¥¥յģҪﵽħʦľܽġ
һĿ˸¥ӦҪﵽħʿ˲ܽ룬¥ħʦ¥Ҫħʦϵʵܽ롣һ˼ȫ¥ϣЩʲô鼮أ
һƵܣûע⣬һܵ¥ҲоԽϷӡĽԽ¥¥ʱðʱء
¥һôļˣ¥ֻôܣյûһˡһ֮±뿴¥׷Щʲô飬㿪ʼһһſֶһЩϵżʮħ飬Լµħʼǣһֵǧ𰡡
һһתô鲻ûȥոսͼƳһͼݵĹ򣬿һ¥¥鼮ֻڹڿܽȥһŽЩӽռָȥȿٷŻŽһǸá
һٺһЦҳЩħǰıʼǣЩǼ˵ѪһȻ֪Щжô󡣵ǵЩʼռָʱȴôҲŲȥԭÿ鶼ֽŵģһоһʲôҲûзֱ㲻ЩйʵʵسһڵϿ
ſţһȫ麣ȥˣҪ֪ĿٶȿǾ˵ģֻһϱ㽫˺üʮ飬һֲؼ¼ԺС
һľ粢ĩﵽħʦ˿ӰһϬͻ֣éٿĸо
ʱһܵ³һҳıʼǣһ۾ʱһֻʼҳòԾħдż֣ħѹá
ħҲѹһȲطʼǿ
һŰԭħôáһ˷ܼһƴеʼе۳ôѹħĩѹħһʲôһѹһ̶ȣʩųʱ൱ڼӣ൱һԭӵıըˣϼǺɽǶը̣


155 硪ٻ


һ²طʼǣĩҳߵľ棬˵۴ĩʵгɹ൱ļʲħԪرըʱһ֮һܿͻˣħҲһȣ˵ħѹӦǿеģȥһҸһԡ
ڣһħ֮·ʼḻħˣʱܹħѹʩţж󰡣ѿʼYYʱһͷͻȻһ¥ݵĽ翪ʼˮư㲨ȻˡʶأһϵϢñڻ컨ϸǾԷֲ˵ġ
һողغãһӰȻֱ߲ȥ
磿һޱ𾪣˾Ȼ磬ﵽ˸߼ħʦĳ̶ȣôϵأһԼҲͬûдﵽ磬ҲƾҲƳķ
Сӻز¶첻ƵΡһٺЦԼҲ˼𣿲ȻˣǾͿ絽·ɡ
¥ǰӿڴͳһöֵ߲ʯȻֽſʼȻ䣬߲ʹâ˲佫סôȥ߲ʹâʼһһؼ˽ȥӻʮּѰ
˴ԼСʱڴ˽硣
һһԾ£û¥ǽ¥˺һ飬ͨ¥¥ݡ
һȫȥȻ¥Ҫǿ࣬һһŴ˽ȥƽһôͬӶĲ
ףŨĺڰϢһͫȻһѸþԼϵϢ
һ¥ݿ̽ͷʼ¥ԭֻһܰǽǣǽϡ컨ϻеذȫĸħģγһħ󡣶һȵȴ磬ֻħ룬ŨڵĺڰħɢڱԴһ֮һȭͷСĺɫʯͷĵĺâʯһ㱻Դ
ԭǼϵϵħһ˫ϵħʦⲻһ𣿲ͬǾħڰħ
һԺ˼磬ʥħѧԺĿؾΪͷϵĺɫʯͷʲôأ
ûг̫áһͷϵĺɫʯͷϵĺâʼһ鰵޹ͨʯͷϵĺҲڡ
Ȼ˫ĿӺâ漴ȥ˺ɫֻһƺ˫һ˲غɫһڿյһΣԭͷĺɫʯͷȵһǶ˵ϵһ״˿ĿڡʯͷԭǶڵϵġ
ʱͻȻһħȣпʼ䣬źâķڿһʱһռѷ졣
ڰ֮ӣһҪɹڴſռѷ˵
ռѷкʲôھãռѷ쿪ʼպϣĶȻûг¶ʧ֮ɫ
ڿռѷҪպʱͻȻ̹һһֻëιѷе
ҮɹˣٳëʬСŮһ㡣
һŴͣ찡ʲôȻʧٻħء޸ħȫٻأȴٻٻഫǰͨٻͬǿٻռҪ֪ռͨҪǿ౶ֻҪһٻɹԶٻʦʵūͣٻʦҪʱԽ·Żռ䣬˵ٻе鷨ʦķû뵽վȻϿַ
Сӣһ˳һڼ¾־Ȼ΢΢һ¡ʱǸոջֹëͻȻһ̶˻лΪһ̹⳯һ¥ݳ˹
һһһƽëʬõɻȥͨĽʬѱһ÷ˣëʬˤϺֱͦͦ˿һòǿķ
ëٳʱȴʩֹȻ˵˭ƺһ˿š
һվǰһЦ磬ôɰﶼ㡣
ɫһףʵղŶˣ
ûһͷ
ҡҲǴֻǡ֪һǳҡŮԻҧҧ´Щ䡣
֪ÿ˶ԼܣҲ⡣һЦǰļŵ㿴㣬һƵģҸҪ㰡ϲ㻹ء
һ죬ƿһĴ֣ĲңҿǺڰϵķʦ
һصЦЦ˹ָͷ俿Ҹһܡ
ؽԴȥоһȵıϢھߵö̡
ף磬ôжǸǰɡһۼؿ羫µĶϾȻСףֵ
ɲʱƿһȻ󺰵Ǹǣжʲôϡģټ֡
һǺһЦǰЩ϶ôȷʵǴСˣǸֻ˵˵ѣôţôǸأ
⻹ңԺ˵ҾͷˡĹĵ
˵ˣԲ˵ˡһ֤
㲻Ҫ𣿵ʲôʵ
һٺһЦ˵Һͬһˣ಻ţ
һȻ˵ҲǺڰϵķʦ
һӵһЦžҪס磬ȴһƿ
ٶˣǺڰϵķʦ缱ʵ۾ôһ͸ſĵĹâ
ţ㿴ˡһѪɫúâһʮ˾õĳôѷ£ϵɱ֮Ƶٳëʬڽںˡ
һֵǣǾΪѪɫϴȻûԶߵ
ôû˶ͷǲˣһӲĹʻ룬Ī⸱ǼĲʶ˰ɣó˹ͷû֯ˣӦò̫ܵģΪֻһֵķԶɡ
ԭĺһ鷨ʦúƯʱͻȻϲشһĽһʮ˾߳á
鷨ʦ鷨ʦöƯݣҪ֪þǿ׳ҲֻһѿĹǼܶѡ
һ˵ѵʶɣֵʵ
һͷʼͷ˭֪أʶҲ˵


156 ħʯ


Ȼһʮ˾߳ãͻȻЦ˵ĸƵģôܲʶأ
һЦЦûϾ˿Ƕϵǿɫʯͷʵʯͷʲô
ħʯ̺Ũĺڰ֮һֵᷢĽ˵˾ͻɥʧǴӶ÷Ѫ˵
ȻôаʯͷΪʲôûĽأһʵϸ۲ŵϵħʯ
ЩħûУһħѹħʯôħʯĺڰ֮أЦ
һͷؽħʯһڵʯͷ澹ˮ״ƣĸоһʮֵּ䣬һͻȻʯͷһֻ۾ͫ׺һҲǺɫģֻͬ۾ֳıһԼ궼춳ˡ
šһ֮ɫִ괦ıȫز
һôˣһֵı鲻ɵĵʵ
һƽһЩָŵϵħʯ˵ղһֻ۾ûп
۾ûаʯͷһ仯Ҳûаҡͷ
ûпˮһزһֵʵ
ҲûаȻҡͷ
һüͷҿ϶ղųֵľԲǻþֱĸоڻĩȫɢء
磬֪ħʯ𣿡һʵħʯԲһĸӡž׵
ҲǺħʯļطǳϡ٣ֵֻ֪ʱϣһٶǰѹľͲ֪ˡ˵
һͷûˣıԿĩһҪоһصħʯղųϵ龰ȴ˹ͷ֪ʲôʱɡ
عһע硣СǲǺڰ̻أ˵ʵԺڰ̻һֱûʲôøС
ңл𣿡һزȻ
ûСֻһ⣬Ǻڰ̻𣿡һʵ
ɫһ䣬ӵһò֪Ժڰ̻ƫҲƭ㡣ҵȷǺڰ̻ˡ
һ㶣ô֪ҶԺڰ̻ƫ
ˣҾ֪ƲͷƵ
һ롣ҡͷЦԼô䱿ˣڰ̻µ۹ϮӦںڰ̻ݲͣȻ֪ĵϸˡô¥ʵӦþǺڰ̻ǹľݵˡʱһͻȻ뵽ǻʺǸӾû¥ǲڰ̻Ṵһأ뵽һüͷ
ˣСʵʵһҲǺ֪ģһʮͶԵ˶ʧȥѡ
һ̧ͷ磬Ǻڰ̻Ȼ֪Ϊʲôû׷ɱ
Ҳ֪أֻ֪ϴںɽȫûԺҲûˡҡͷ
һüѵǺڰ̻ᱻˣֱô򵥣Ǻڰ̻ڻ鲻ʱ;Ը
ˣ磬ʶ𣿾Ǻڰ̻ڤʥŮһͻȻģ˵ȥʦҲ֪ôˡ
ĵ֣¶һ˿ı飬ͷҲֵ΢Ц
ǣ֪Ǻڰ̻ʵĶӰɣǼһǸʲôˣһԹ˳˼ûпϵֱ顣
ÿɱ˧ˣ棬ڤʥŮһƬءЦŵ
һһֳֻס°ͣͷĪĽһӦ֪ҵŮˣǼһҴĵ⣬Ϊˡ
粻ԾرһɢɱɫЩ԰ף˵ĺˣҡүˣ˺ܺõġ
һԱ黺һЩɫ԰ףʱɱ
һ㵽ɱ˶˰ôôصɱµ
һʼ磬ЦҲ֪û
ħͷֹһ䡣
һбһۣٿ˿ǾëʬЦ磬ֵǲǣ
۾һ̵ͷ
ٻʲô֮ذɡһٺЦ
԰һһۣ֪Сûʲô⣬ȻҪѧȥɡ˵ӿռָͳһ˹ȥ
һӹ鲻һٻһ鷨ʦ˵޼֮᲻֪ôҲֻһЦѣȴ붼ûͽʧķ
һⱾƵţ¸жȻûнѡȻ˼ҿϽôĶһҲûв˽ӿռָó˱ء޸ħȫעͱʼǣݸⷨҲܰѧ㡣
ҿʲôǡء޸ʼǡһݹĶ̫⣬ʱȴ̲ס찡ء޸ǿкڰʦһĴڣû뵽Ȼܿ׫дıʼǻһЩѾʧֱ̫Ծˡ
еõģصݷǳȫ棬ӦöһЦ
лл㣬һ޼֮缤
Ǻǣҵֺγ޼֮ȻҶԺڰ̻ûʲôøУԶҵֵܡһЦļ硣
˶õԼҪĶȲؿõ˻ѧԺΨĴħʦ˹Ѿȥˣûܹˡ
һелԽԽȣΪһƬȫµأòĴǻۡҲ֪ٻëʬбȽС滹ǿٻҪǿľڰħҪôһٻɹٻҲ˵еԶΪ鷨ʦūͣΪҲǿʳģ鷨ʦٻŻʱпܱǿɱ
һٶȺܿ죬ûһ㽫ٻģȻˣȻҪһˡ˿Եűء޸ħʼͿе磬ߵһ߿ʼ£
һ㵭ڵıһӿ俪ʼתǿҵħȻڿˣһʩչٻвһֱһ̫³çѵûдڰħױɵ


157 


һ˫Ŀ߶ۣĺڰħʶɢ򿪵ĿռͨӿȥĺڰħԪصŨܶȻԶԶ߼ħʦĳ̶ȣȴȻͣ׶ΣҲֻʩ绽еٻʬ
Ȼ䣬ֻǰһǽħĵĹâڴ˿̾һռѷϢؿ
սȭͷͷϾȻŵغܲɹһҪɹ
ڴʱһĿȻǺڵ˷µͫȴâ״ֻһҲģӳ
ѷеĺһ󲨶ͻȻһ鼸ڵذϵľ죬ֻĹһǰ
⣬ʬ㾹Ȼг׺ҵ졣һĲţƵĿһ
ʬһ߱߳һͷĹǲǴɫףȫƤⶼ컯˼ӲףͷҲˣӲӵͷ­ֲǿѪɱӭֱɱ˻㲻ɱҲͦģһ
һСѵǺڰϵĴħʦһʵ
һٺһЦҡͷֻһССظ߼ڰħʦ
һǴħʦʩٻҲٵ顣ٻгɹʵģҼͣÿζٵǻһֻǿ˰ʱӵԼʵ۶ˡ
Ǽʣҵһٻٵʬɱë߳üȼأһشЦ
ƲƲ죬ЩʼһأһҲĩ̫ˡﲻƽⰡһúڰϵħʿȻȲһССĸ߼ʦ
һ˿ʮ˾ֿ߳˿׺뿴ķһЩһѪгʬⲢ˵СʬʵʵѳʦӦܹӦġ
ոշڶۿڱ˳һߺ⣬ĹǼӴ˵ӰʬֵķӦȻ˰ġ
غâһѪɫ㽻Ż˹ȥֻһ󶣶Ľʬ˳ȥؼײǽϣǿ磬ǽѶˡ
ʬһԤеһֱͦͦվһжӲסĻлѧҲգгǧҲǵڻҵΪϡʬؿڽԿһӡ
غһǻ۵ģֵ³˿ڵԣ뷢˻ľ̲һ
ʤڹϬƶѸ٣ȴʤڷǿƺƵĵȥ̵
ʱߵһߣĽòƯҲôǿٶдʦʵˣôõĶôͱأ
ƷƷȻͺáһٺЦһ򲻸ʾˣͬϰħͬǰȻûκˡ
ߣôûƷõȥأϲɵļһ粻м
ϲȱµǴģǼϲֲɣΰػͽвɲ㣬ǲ˶ŮİһЦ
һ㶣ɫЩȻЦǰƷ̫ϲ˰ɡ
һɫ֪˵ʹĩü˵Ǹ򶷵ʬսѾֳʤʬȫ˿ܲڵϺվѾЩվˣҲǺܺãͷ˺üϵĺڰϢƮȻҲ쵽ˡ
ѪɫҪȥ׺ʱһ´ֹͣ޸ĹͷӺãȻļˡʬ򵥵ö࣬ע˼ڰħֱˣǿﰡ
ʱɫѾ谵޺վͼ¥£ʮֽӣһλŮȻפۿȴûһȥڨ޺޿Ŀе񰡣һþҪȺŹˡ
ʱˮմͼ˳Χ۵һ󾪺۾ƴԲʹ´һϸ΢Ķ
ˮʦҵ𣿡޺ǰʵ
ˮҡҡͷӦòͼݰɣҿǴ¥ҵ¥ûпӰӡ
ģ¥ˡ޺޵ʱ¥飬üһ¥ȥûüȥˣ֮ûп
ûаһ𣿡ˮʵ֪һҲʹûиүү˹
޺һ㶣һʱ䲻֪λشܲ˵һĸɡ
ףˮʦôɰʱһ˴ͼ˳Цˮմк
ˮվֵһګګոͼݣ
ûһͷƮ޺ޣЦѾͷҲڰûгԷһȥԡ
ˮռһȻɳĵľǰȫһãסһ˵㵽ͼݼ¥
һεؿ˿Χ˽ӣЦ˵㣬ôҲעɣ컯֮ģز֪Ҫʲôҥˡ
ˮӱȻȴȻ֣Ǵʲô˵ͱߡ
ˣˣҺͼ¥̽ħأû뵽һ̽һûˡһָ˵ϵֱͷ
˵ϸ¥ҹˣûпˮ
ţֲţҷŸ˵ôĪǡһسˮպٺֱЦ
ˮվŮӣܲһĵЦһ˦֡
ˣȥԷɡһŶӵ
ðˮʦҲһȥɡ޺޶ˮյ
ˮոܾȴһʲô˼ʦæأпոǳԷ
ˮյһ̸ı⣬޺ЦðպöӶˣͲȥײȥ
Ǿͳɣȥ¥ѵġһٺЦ磬ֵ˭
ȴûظһһۣŮԻĶһһ񺮣ĵСŮԻ̫˰䷨ıһ¡˸ıĵȻŮˣŮͦģпյôϴ˰


158 ˿̣


ĸ˳¥ʵһˮڶˣƺǶ񫣬ܶԷ˵ʲôضݵ
һȻ¥ĹˣݻĲͷһ޺޺ˮֱ࣬ųżһ⣬ŭԼеĿöȽ޵ģ¥ݻ̶ֳȡ
µĲȺʹһһϣһһͻȻЩˣðĹâȻ˼ĳˡ
Էˮȴȫʦߣ˵Ҳ⣬ָоúܿġ
һع񣬶ˮյĻҲȥܣЦ¥ľãɭֵİٻǲһأôû뵽һЩأʧ߰
Ǻǣһ뾫ɭֵİٻػ뾫ɭֵŮЦʡ
СһٺЦ
Ĵܲ޺ˮһ
һɴ൱û˵ʵڵģ뿪ɭҲһӣͦ¶ǿ˵ѾͷƽеļƷ˰šһǱ¶΢Цһֱעˮտ
ƹѲȫֵԵħ𡣽سյͷס
ʥħѧԺһȵðմˣ߼ħϵѧӲμӣҪҪμӣˮͻȻ˵
ðմ᣿ʲôһʵ
㶼֪ȥɱ˵ʥħѧԺѧöѧУˮߵ
˵Ͳ˵ΪϡһЦ
ǵȻҪμˣôôٵأ缱æ޺Ҳŵͷ
ô𣿵ðմʲô˭˵˵һʵ
ðմרΪ߼ħϵѧٰһλѧӽʥħѧԺɽʥءһϵĴ󣬿Խѧ͵һлħɭֵصطɭħ޵ȼձ鲻ߡߵħҲֻCмһ㲻ʲôΣգǸصطıѧõһ񼶵˵ﻹߣͿˡˮ˵
ԭνðմѰᰡһȻ
Ҳô˵ѧУ涨ÿһ鲻ܳʮˡȻħ޵ȼߣʱҲ˲μӵͬѧǩ״κⶼѧУ޹ءˮսŵ
һͷҲܹѧУʥħѧԺͶĺܶ඼ǸȨŮһɲ̫ýǩһ״Ҳݡ
Ѷ̫ͣûʲôսԡбڵطϣҲμӰɡһЦ
ǺãһӰɡ
ˣһЦЦͷʾû
㷹̤¥ǷĩȻǮһ˵ʵ㲻ʲôֻҪԸ⣬Խ¥ǣҲһֽʽɣЩ˵ͬҲʲô
ڴϣһͻȻо˿дһ˿ħһ̧ͷҹӰƮĿһŽߵļۣһŴ׼ۡ
˿̡һοԭأβγѰ㣬Ҳ˲ôкѻΪһ̳ʣ޺
һķǬŲƽٶߵǹѼ׷˴Ŷӣһʶ׷˷ƯٶȣǴħʦҲ׷ˣתһ׷ȥ
Լ˼أһڳǽ˿һŽ߼ۣͷŮǰţο˿ĺһ˿Ͼ˼Ϊʲô˱һˣб˷ˡ
˿̡һػһڴŲʱ侲ؿµȴʱۿ
ǰеŮһĽͣת
˿̡һֻһһƾճŮǰһѽ뻳С
쵰ʲô˶һֱһɣŮ̷˳ȥԶԶͣڿС
ʵڽŮ뻳һɲǣһ֪ϴˣ˿̵һֵ㣬λŮȴЩӻƵ㣬˿ϵζȻͬҲԡ
ԲϴˡһЩεصǸĴʮį
һԲ𣿡Ů͸ŵ߻
ôһЩ
۸̬ȻôӣǺܿɶ񡣡Ůһͷӣǻͷ
һʼ磬εѾǸˣ㲻Ҳû취һ£ûʱˡ˵һתҪߡ
ߣôסŮһⱩӲͬĽǶȶ
̶ֳȵħһ˵ͬϷųסֱ룬һתϱͬˣһʣֱŮƵĿɿڴ
ҿɲˣһ
ԣøŮǿӲ
ǸǸ𣿡һü
Ǹȫ¡Ů˵
㣬Ұҷءһס궯˵
ոתһжϮתһơӹĶ̱֫飬һȴȥŮȥֻһŮɫĶѳȥ¶һž¾׵üɨˮ˫ǣڣµþ͸һ㡣
һŮɫŮǱŮòԣֻǾŮʮֵϤļһ㡣䣬ȴûŮĺۼŮܻһӡûеġ
һ˳Ůͷ£Ȼע⵽ҽֻŷӣЬȴӰʱһ뵽ոϮƷݸһЦ
⻵ˣЦʲôЦŮĹĵصһ
һŮĿɰģҲˣڿռָ﷭˷ҳһϾ˹ȥ˵ģ˳˵һԺ㴩߼ۡ˵꣬һʧ
ŮϾҷһͻȻõЦˣһЩᡣ
һߺûãһŽ׼ۣͬͷɫŮӴӲԶ˹ŮûˣؽеϾ˿ռָ
ŮӲûע⵽Ů飬ֻһʧķһ̾ģƴ֮Ʈ˼뱯ˡ


159 ħʯ


һ˼һңҶ˼ȴܼȴ˼ĥˣ鰮еŮ޷ġ
˿̽㣬ΪʲôҪأŮ˿̹¼ŵӰɵʵ
ܼһ棬Ѿˡ˿׶Ĵ̹ǵ˼˵Ŀ͸ɴŮ
Ů˸رܿ˿̵Ŀ⣬˵ҲΪʲôᰮأڲ½Ǻܲġ
˿ת½䣬ʼʱ֪һݵģ֪ģⲢӰһеĵλ
㲻Ҳһ𣿶ܰ˿ͷҲصضԸŮ˵
ܰʼ֪ղŵСӦѾ˿̵УĬ˼ȴЩƮ
ı磬ֻ꣬СʱಡƼݵģС۸ǵһμٰۻᣬļСסͽ·ĨõǣһƵõڵأ󴦱һ飬ʱֻÿйԼί
Ǿ۸ұáʱֻ7꣬һľ⼸С˴СƨؿˣԼҲ׵ġ
ʱĿеռС顣ͳ־˿ʱ˫˵磬ܰͼ޸㡣
ðɡҵӰɣǾû˸۸ˡԥشӦˣ˹¡
ãܰ㱻̻ʲ˹ΪŮˣʱͱþˣܰȴμţ⣬Ҳûжҡ
㻹ǵõԼ𣿱硣ܰ૵̾һȻ֪ơͽǸԼһɶˡ
˿̼ܰ飬˼֣˻Ǹ֡飬ģԼ˳ӦǶԵİɣ佫ԼСС߿հ衣ֻҪҸһжֵõĲ
˿̽㣬ȻǾͻع̻ɡܰع˵
㲻ı֪˻ʮָ˵ġ˿̵
ˣԺỹǣʱܰҡҡͷ¶һĨŵ΢Цһ˵ģ˭Ҳߡ
ܰر˿̵УаҡͷһʲôʮԸǾԶߵŮ˵ġԶҲֻһŮˣõİͱЭ棬¸һ鷳ҲЭġ
˿Ժиֳһؿһˣ࣬ɲ⣬ҪıˣҲϺջƣ֮㣬ʲô˼أͽնѣȻܹĭǲڽ
˿ƻͨǳǣҧҧðɣ߰ɡ
һصᣬڴ̨ŴҲǰߣͷ譲ӵǳ
ѧңãʵ
ѧƨСװ㿴ҵǲŽ󺣣ɲⰡһЦ̧
תͷһΣɹȻûţôһ㣻˵˵ղŸȥˣ˵ײײһ
ոտһλˣ׷ȥϴˣͦƵġһ
ˣǾ˰ɣкҲһˣô𣿡Цƿһ͸ĳء
ǰɣҵġһЦ
ϧһε飬һļʾοһмؿ磬ͻȻЦ磬ֵҵ鲻̫ãҪһ˯һġ
ȥ˭һ˯ȥҤĹȥûصһ˵
ү㺦ʲôֲǸǻҶʲôһٺЦ§סļ
Ҳϰߣһط˯ˣ㡣ƿһƵķһŹ
һӣ૵Сӣһôһȥôˡ
ڶһ磬һͼ¥翴һɵͻȻʱﲻɾֱ֣ҪѧһľС
һýſھ̸ҲûʲôԣֻǸ˵ûӣһͷˮغͣˣʲôѨеͷʣһ˵ŶҪϼ̴꣬ͷǰݵѧħúá
һħħʯϵĺڰħһǽǵϷ鼮඼ǹż±쳣һҵһʩŵ12ˮϵħԼһЩȱعħĹ飬Ȼȫȴһ
һʱͻȻʹ̧߽֮ͷһֻͷħʯâֳˮƵ𵴣һֻ۾ֳ龰֡ʹ֮ɫͷϺ㣬ڼš
һ󾪣֪϶ħʯ֣ۼԽԽʹ࣬Ҳ˲ôˣǿľӿͼжħʯϵֻħʯǳ죬ǺâȻܹһ㴩͸
ûǾһʮһͷħʯħʯһĲƼţȴȻͷ
һһȫ˫֣ȥһѽħʯסƴ³ħʯһоǴþˡ
һʹ˳̵ľһŽڵϵ߿һеħʯһĽâֻһ죬һ˱ƷڵأֱѪ죬ӱ˲˵񼶵ɫ׵ҲˣѪ˳ѷ˿˿ֱȾͨ졣
һסѨֹסѪ˿Ȼͦ£ʵֻˡ
ʲôʯͷġһſѪƣȻħʯһ麣һѪһɵϵѪɫãѵħʯҲһ
ѪħʯʼɢұѪâԭıð졣һȲʱͻȻо˿ռָǿڰħʼƺڻӦʲô
ħʯڰħʲôһһֱĩܲƺڰħܣʱ˷Ӧðսӿռָ˳
ڰħոóһĿƷħʯͻȻһǿҵĺâ


160 ˮ


һʶر˫ۣǿҵĹâǺ۾ġ۾ʱȴֺڰħ񾲾ڵϣеħʯȴʧˡ
һѰңȴûзħʯټĵѪɫʱȴȻѪɫõĶͷһɫĸ񣬾ϳһһ
⡭ô£һȻ૵ղŷʵڹڹ죬ħʯôһ¾ͺѪɫýΪһˣ
һںڰԪռ̽һֲûʲôͬʮ˾߳һش棬СԼҲԱĿߣɷҲκ
عһʼоֱ˺Ѱʹһʩ˿ϣѸٽ䣬һָԭֻǰѪ֤ʲô顣
һڰħ񣬼鲻ʲô쳣㽫ӻ˿ռָʱڵϵתѣȻҿһģɾһ
磬ղŵ׷ʲô飿ƽһʵ
µɪһ£ЩֵҲǺʱħʯеĺڰħͻȻʶһʹһǿѸٵҵʶҿҪֵסʱͻȻǹһ³ˡ֮㲻ˡ
һɫһ䣬ѵħʯӡһǿꣿʱʶռ塣ųбĿܣֻһ긽֮ˣ˸Ʋ⡣
ʱȴһѪ߰ߵ֣һ˿ᣬ֪϶һΪ˾ܵˡǣأ˫סһĦлл㡣һ
һħʯ飬ʱѹŮӰѩ׵ĦơٿӣﲻһƤ̲סֱðæ֣һ磬ɱҡҿȡˡ
˫֣ǺȥˡʲôѵΪж֮ļһ
һٺЦָһҲܹҰղŵıغ񰡣һôҵʵЩ֡
ҡǡһʱҲ֪˵ʲôոǸмʧ̬ġ
ˣ֪ˡˣǸһЦҲЦԼ˼ˡ
ףˣǿħʯأĴ˿֮ʵ
һЦָ̯֣Ѫɫϵһŵ
ôǲǺΣգ羪е
һҡҡͷЦҲ֪ӦòʲôΣյģĺˡ
ǡ
ʲôǰһƵġһִĻһͷӣʵֻǲˡ
ίؿһһû˵һˮϵħʼϴȥϵѪ˳㻻һ·
ոŪãһ㷢˽紦֮µ˲ø˵һ§סϢñڻ컨ϣλס˲Ϣйû֪һôȻɵġ
һӰ˲ڷ͵ˮϵħԪصϢһԼĪʮ꣬һɫˮϵħۣˮмơ
һһζıǼ䣬ǹЩһæסвֱֹСôŮƵģ֪Բˮ˹ɢóء
תͷȴΪ̫촽һϲһ죬Ȼ˽ġ
֪˭𣿡һʵо±
عˮ磬ˮյ̡
ҿ̼ﻹôᣬò˻ˡһֹ
ˮĿڷɨһȦ۾ͻȻͣڵذԭħʯСͫȻһ˹ȥ૵ħʯأħʯôˣ
ʱһֵذϻһ̲Ѫĩüﲻɴ⡣ȻˮָմմϵѪᣬѪһûȫᡣ
ˮȫ䱸Ĵ¥ķǽǵһۿԿ͸ûеطԲˡ̧ͷ˿Ҳûзʲô쳣ΪһǶһƬӰˮҪȻѷ֡
ˮͷ룬ͻȻת¥ݡ
ˣɡ˵žҪ
𶯣Сʻ괬˭֪ûУһ˵Щͷ̫ǳ˾һǲеġ
Ȼһ䣬ˮͻȻ˽Ȼյķˡ˵ű¥ݡ
羪ؿ˿ߵһҪǸոȥ˾Ҫˮˣʱ治ô͡
ܸˣǻǿ뿪ɡߴٵһڻúůЩָо
ٵȵȣеĺòãЩϼһɲöԸġһȵŮŤʱ΢΢ķӦЩŭ
类һһȱҧ´ٶˣҲ֪ΪʲôҪô
৵һˮӰһγ˷ֻ૵˭½ѵ⼸ϼһ
ˮûȥǵͷ˼⵹Ѷϵһ缱ˡԽżԽķ淢չˮ粻ûгȥſʼڤ
һô죿ʵ
ô죿Ȱɡһε
ʱһһعȥˣڻҪǷǳģһһˣ֮ǲö˵
磬ҰѺȥһεκˮӷ们䣬۾סˡ
Կճһֻ֣ȥһϻµĺ飬ͻȻһɬɬĸоЩʹҲ˵
ˮһһ磬ɿһ磬绹ãֻôʱһطһЩܶѣһҧز֧ŵڵģİֵܼʵס
ʱˮ۾һ壬һ¥ݡ
һһɣ컨ϵ˫ֶʱ䣬ֱֱˤȥ練Ӧÿ죬ڰóƮһס䡣
һſ֫Ƶڵϣ۾ʼϢղʵ̫󣬸оֱϴθսٻغϻҪˡ
֪һϢþȣ˯˹ȥİлָ
˯һŴעĿؼӿˣԼ¹ײؿڣʹǰ㣬С΢ųһĴӡȥ


161 ޳𲻳


Ѱ˫ۣԽԽˣÿԸоһȵıϢϡĴӴʱһͻȻ૵˿̡أ
羪ŵֵҰһֹԴžһɲǵѣΣƽһЩʼԭողһ˵λһ˫СſҪʵôˣѵϲ𣿡
ģôϲأһǴոտ϶˲Ż־ٶˡ
Ϊ˱ոط粻עһƺħĿԶԶãӿռָ﷭һħȫԼء޸ıʼǿȴ־ôҲвǲƵƳһķ
ˮڷɳϣˮһߣʮֵ䵭˾ô˭ûпڡ
û£һط˯ˡˮܲգվ
վסôû̬𣿡ˮ
ˮתõˮϬţϣʲô̬ȶأϣ𣿡
˵ʲô˵һΡˮ粪ȻŭȻô۵С۵ؽסˡ
˵Ҳһһвɵ𣿡ˮ
žˮһƻ˹ȥٶȻʱˮնܵءˮȴǿһһƲƫеϡ
Ҷ͸ҵĵʮƣһסĶ͵أ̡ˮñ۾ˮ磬ޱ顣
ˮžǿˮգӼֱ͸ְһģһıʮָӣЩˡ˵ΪʲôΪʲôǾͲܸһҪô𣿡
ˮЦ۽ЩӨĶһԴԼŮ𣿴СûЦûп佱ңһ䶼ûУԱȴִ飬ҵ㣬Ϊʲô
ˮȫһƲͷȥΪãϿˮ˵Ȼסˡ
ףôˣʮ˵Ҹĸ˫˫ǱƵģɱ֡ˮͻȻЪ˹شУЩԶ콫Ʒˡ
죬ཫΪҵ𣿡ˮˮգ촽Щ¡
ˮҧ´תű˳ȥˮȻɳϡ
ʱҹһһˬͻƵļࡣͼݳ׼ȥһ¿
ʱӭͻȻײһͷɱŮӣڼžҹԵøⱯ
ˮգһÿģͻȻŮƺˮգɳѸסˮ̧ɵ˫һͻȻ۵һ˵ĻʹǾ
磬ȻȥϢɡһˮһʱҲղס˵
ƺ£úðοɣˡͷתȻЩĸоϮ
ˮһƺͲʰˣԽԽ˺ѷεĿֱ˵ľ
ĸ쵰ôģǲˡ»Ҫˣһϧˮյķ۱
ãˮյĿֻ鴤ؼ嶼Ļˡ
һˮյ˺ɽϣʼƽһЩֻ۾׵øƵģ޽Զ
һûгѯ֪ʱʹҲʲʲôĸͲʱ˵Ȼ˵ˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãˮͻȻɳ㶼ҷʲô𣿡
һתͷЦʲôˣ
û⣬ǵҪ˵𣿡ˮպһƺ޳ࡣ
ˮʦҵ׷ʲôˣĸ쵰۸㰡ѵ˰ɡһЦЦ
ˮһЦһЩʵǲǺ㰡
̣û̡һʼ֪Ӧøˮйء
Ӧúɡˮսʵ
һЩĪЦǰɡѵﲻ㣿
ûеҳûǱˣʬǶʣˮ̾һ
ôôģһʵˮĶӶϱôң˭ôӸϻϰë
Ҳ֪ôش𣬺˵ҵǱ̸ģΪͬҵһ뾡취ֿǡҲʮңÿûдﵽҪңҺˡˮ˵Щˡ
һ㶣ôܣвʳӣοأ϶ʲôᣬˮƺʩڲ½ǳġ
֪϶ŵأĩѯˮձԹԵ˵˵СľˮǶжôϿҲ˵ô߶߶˵˺üСʱ
һ˵ңӦӦúأĩˣˮʵ
ΪʲôޣӦú֮ǣɱɱĸĳ˰Ӧó˯ʱȻǧһɫ
ˮһΪһὲһЩˮ磬ȴû뵽Ȼƫɵֻ԰ֲأôϣҲﲻ־硣
һ˵꣬ˮ̷Ӧ̧ͷһЦ
ˣҰˮᴷһһȭ鲻˺ܶࡣ
Ǻǣ㿴Щ㲻ǶףֻţǼȥˣֹߣ̲ܻģһ顣һЦ
ˮһЦʦʦӡ
νΪʦڸⷽҿش˰۰飬黹⣬ֻҪңӭж⣬ԣ͹ԹҵѧɡһظЦ
ʱɹâȾ磬ˮվſ˫ۣûоԭô£Ҳûôɹ
Σлл㣬һʦˮսЦϵЦߵ̫໥ӡöĿ
ǽ룬лʦΣһϣϹͷɢˡһЦ
쵰˵ʲôأˮͻȻ
һȻû˵ʲôһ¸ղ˵ĻŻȻǻȷʵôһ壬ֻˮô뵽ȥ˼Ҳ̫డһˮպٺٻЦš


162 ѹħ


С㣬ȥ𣿡ŷ軽סӯ¥ݵ޺ޡ
ǰ޺òسŷЦЦ
һЩ˱һɡŷ費޺޻ش𣬱ؽ
޺޼ܾˣҲٿŷһֺеĸоŷҲõò񻰣ֱŮʱЩ˼ˡ
ŷʢһ޺޵ǰԵþӨ͸Ũˬ˵ǰ˱Ĳϱǿġ޺ŵؽ꣬ȰЦЦ
ŷ裬İ˱ĺܺóԣҿʹʦҲȲ㣬ÿκҶþٱ޺ĨĨ죬Ц޵
洫طŮӺ̲ŷ迪ĵЦ۾һĨײĹâ
ʱ䲻ˣˣлл޺һȻܳ¥
ŷ޺޵ıӰ૵ľͻ˰ɣӰܰҲֻôˡ
һˮճԹͣȻ˵ˮ룬ȴһʣΪˮ˵˴Ǯ
մʳóһͿ΢Ц硣
磬ôһǰЦʵ
ˣֻĳĳ⣬Ļע⵽¼ҹ˰û˵һԹ
˭⣬಻Ұ͸ˮ΢죬װһݺݵӣֻôɫ
Һ°ˮʦʱǲǸȥϿˣٺЦ
ˮһ㶣ħľһ˵ȥ
翴ˮʧıӰײײһЦСӡЩ𣿿컹޿ҪҪӣȴЦøƵأˡ
ǡΪʲôˣһֵʵ
һҹ˾ϡһŮ˱һ˿޵ϡﻩŸƽŮ˵ʹ˵أŮͨᰮ˵ġָֻŵشЦ
ںʲôأֲŮ˶ƨһЦ
ҡҵľ̸֮׷Ů˿ɱˡĿһ˵
⵹ҲǣרңԤһʲôʱұأһסؼ򡣱߱ʡ
˵Ʋ̫ˣЩӦû㣬ҿˮʦͦƯֺãԿһˡûж㿪һ֣ѾϰֽӴ
⻹õſôƯŮ˲ҪײҪһը涨飬ϵȥõ궨һˡһٺЦȻǿЦˡ
˭֪֮ȴɫһ䣬֪Ϊͷƣʹƿһŭȥˮտȥɣҿɲˡ˵ˡ
һվԭأ૵⿪ҲõȵϰɣСôѵ˵ˮ˼Ѱ찡
һͼ¥粢ûҲ֪ȥˡһǰһ飬Щģƺ粻ںЩʲôһ
ˮʥħѧԺҲ֪ʲôʱͻȻһҸطȥʵһᵽѹħȻᵽһÿܻħԪصıըǲĵġ
еǹĴɽͷ̣ӦħغõطһѹħۣҲ򵥣ʩħʱħԪǰһ˳·еأԪԪ֮кܴļ϶ܽзʽѹøӽܣͻǿüֻ˵ȻףҪȴʮѵģħԪرǲ̫ȶĴڣÿһħʩʱضзʽҪѹÿһħԪضӦðͬȱѹвͬը
һħˮϵ1ħˮˮϵħĿħҪøȣΪߵġ
һһ죬һԴСˮ֮ϣɫǳأ˫ۣ߶ȼУԺгˮˮϵħԪصС
ˮֻһ1ħħԪٵģҲ׵ġҲֻԵģڳʹѹħһ˵ɲɡ
һסˮеħԪأڼû©ʱʼѹеĵɫˮʼҲСӵʵĵĹҲЩ
ѹħһ˵ļҾҲˣѹһֱûܹɹûһֱ̬ľȷʵǺġ
ħԪ֮ľԽԽһָˮҲԴСֻȭͷСˮѹ˵Ѿɹˣһ㣬Ϊûѹøӽܡ
ҲֻһַӲſԼȥˣ뷨ҪħԪ֮ѹѹĳ̶ȲɹħԪж󰡣ϰǧħԪؼһŻҳô󣬵ȻʶеħԪǱˡ
Ҫɹˣٽһ㣬ٽһͺˡһ૵ͷĺˮھľ޴̵ĺˮһ
Խؼʱ̾Խ׳һһѹоһ£¼ˮϵħԪûиϣƽѸٱˡ
һ֪þȫѱССˮ˦˳ȥѸٻסȫޡ
Сˮһ˳ȥڰͻȻһһ˿ˮţëˮǵسȥһܼһƬһƬҲըĿȫǣԭЩˮҲں˸ܶȵˮϵħԪأֻҪ϶̱ը˲Żᷢ
ǿǿһǬŲƵԶղֱ˺ü£лûšһССѹˮɵЩĿɿڴɱʲô滨ˣɱ˿һżķΧħ
һܿʶһ⣬ǾѹˮȻܴ󣬵ķѵľʱ˵ȴǲɱģôʱȫʩźü9ħòѹħʵԣʵսУֻôʱѹ𣿿⻹ֻ͵1ħ
ͬҲΪһ1ħԴﵽŸһܹӿѹħʩٶȣϸħʹãԿȽ䣬ȽҪڵľĩʩŲ˽䣬ܹѹħĻǲʲôˡ
һ˼ţʲô취Լپּӿħѹٶȡɫ֪㰵һȴȻͷ
ˣǻȥɣһĵ˵ͻ֣һֿݵķˡ


163 СҰ


һ̤ҹɫǳǣյʥħѧԺſڣһĨɫӰܵӰһ׵һ㣬ƺ˶ҹɫ֮С
ֵȺûκפͣɫӰ˶˿һӶһȴһע⵽ˣƺӰһǿĴųһ㡣
С𣿡һߵӰǰЦʵ֪ΪΣܵر֪Сڵ
С΢΢ͷ͸˫ͫڶ˸ţǰӡ
ңҵͨͨģҪҰô죿һٺЦ
С΢ƿүʱ𣿡
һһûиСԼݰɣôһ˾֪ˡܿǰЩӺ޺һʱΪССײҲ޺ã֪ݷǲˡ
ڰҲûʲô£ôԼ𣿡һЦ˵ʵڵģÿŮһзǳѹֱ͸ĵǳɵ
ү˵ЦˣСŮĸҸʰСȻᣬֻƺ͸һ˿ŭ
ʣʡֻҪҶһˡһЦ
үûʱұˡСƺЩˣô˵Ųȴûƶ
һȻҲһ㡣Цʿɶֹ֪ģǱЦðɣϴ֪Сʲô£
ַҼ̸ȷʵЩҪҪ˵С˵
ǵûʲô⣬ֻڻûԷأҪһԸȳ극ٻ̸ȽһЩһСЦ
Сһһǿڻģƫƫĩ⿴͸ˡ
ǵҼȥ԰ɣԳ˸˰ɡСס˵
Ǿ߰ɡһЦǰһְԵ§סС
ʲôСŭ
ȻǷˣҪߵʲôʱ򰡡һ˵ŴС𣬳סԺӶȥ
һأС㼱æһֱۣ˿ĵ֪𣿡
֪ҪҵǸ𣿡һЦݣͻȻ˵
СһһʱܲӦһʵת
˵ɡҵʲô£˷ʱˡһСЩ䱸ģС˵ԵúأͬģСҲͬĩ⣬Ԥʦְҵϼصɫʡ
үɡСعͻȻЩһƤЦӣ벻еѹһʱȻʮֲ
һСĹ뷿ﲻֱֹѾͷŮɣѵԼ֮סˣ񰡡
һվſڣɵȷҽ
ͽĥߴʲôСһһӣɻ⻹ΪԤʦһô˵
һвͬĿСʱ˳۶ˣŮȻɤҲͦģЩ̻Ϣ
һʼ˽ȥһ󵭵Ȼ룬ôˣҪ˯һӦͦģһ۾ȴʼһõļ򵥵ŵңûйװΣȴ˸оʮ
ʱСѾαװǽڵħš
ɡС˵һ㾶ֱ˽ȥ
һ죬û뵽뷿ﾹȻж죬ôصĵطΪأһŸ˽ȥشܣЩɫʵĸ̾ѣرǿֱӿǿյݶЩ˼飬üǵڵӦһԲʻ
С˶ʯ̨գƺһĴһ㡣
һתһȦʯ̨СûɴΪɣҲź嫵ǿշŴ
ãСͷƳһߵһ˫Ŀ޽ţҲ֪Щʲô
үСһ
һعС͸˫Ц㻹ǽһɣҲá
Ǻðɣһ
˵˽һ𣿽ⰡһСĻ˵
һ㲻֪ĩ𣿡С˵
һһüͷ㲻˵㹦̫ǳѵ⼸㹦ˣ
㲻ҪܣֻҪش벻֪ĩС˵
һٺһЦɴĴ롣
СʱһûԤϵһ˵룬һʱҲ֪ηӦ
֮ǰǡ
֮ǰ֮ǰֲ֪ˡһЦȴֱС
ΪʲôСֵʵ
㲻һ˻ŵȤΪĩĲԤʲô֪ˣǾû˼ˣϰԼƿˣ졣һյСǰ˵
СһÿΪԲ²⵽ʱȴÿÿԤϣԼԤʦҲʧܵġ
ֻΪµĻҾͲˡһվҪȥһתŷħϢغסˡ
һȵȣĲ֪ĩᷢʲô飿һжѵ𣿡Сסһ˵
һСЦ֪ҵĩӶһƿ֣𣿡
ԸǵģˡС
᣿ҵֱźܴҰģõʲôĪ־£һؿñ䣬ᱻãﵽĿĵӡ
СıָƽһСŮô뵽ҪȥأĵѾ£ǲҵġ
һСŮͬʱ߱˴ϻҰģԤĩһŮɱҪµö࣬ˣҲҪʲôʲôĿģŴ򿪰ɣ㹲ȴȻôǿڿܵķΧ֮ڡһٺЦСظɼɨӡ
㡭쵰Сɫ࣬޺޵һƺ޲ýһڸˣһȻôȥҲͲˡ
С˵Ŵʯ̨ߵħűߣԴ΢ɲسһбһ£һף˫ΣյСֳǽһ͹ʯϰȥ


164 ˵еĽ辫


ȵȡССּ͹СʯʱһͻȻе
СɻػͷСͣ
ȷ㰴ǿŵĻأʲôһضС˵
С֣һ˦ͷʯ̨ȻҾˣǸɴҿǽڳȥɡ
һСѵԼˣԼˣȻ룬ǲСĻɾûɵģһԤʦΪʲôͻȻҪΪԤ⣬ôһصĵطҲΪʲôҪͬԤĩҪ˵ûĿĿ˭Ҳš
һԺһ˲תͷûΪС̬ȶðȻȥǸأǾֱߵʯ̨ϣͻȻþסˡ
ʲôСͻȻֱסˣɾؽе
ʲôֻǽһˡһЦС£һֱֻۻסĲӣһֵֻһǸ͹ʯ顣
ʯȻһħ˿ĩʯЩ޵ĸȫһâֱ£͸ҶͻȻʯڵһŷ޸ϡȻ󲻶ϵؿʼʯϷĹ߲ûʧʯ֯һŴп͸ȥͿԷЩâɵͼһͼ
һ˲ͷĿѣǸʯȻǿħŵػأȻһ֣û뵽˵صֱĩš
һ˦˦ͷ뽫ѣεĸо˦ȥȴƤǦһԽԽˣʶԶȥ
˯ɣӣѾˡĴϣ˯ɡһƮڿ𣬲ϵػһĶߡ
һ۾˷ʼغϣʶҲʼڰ֮СɾʱһͻȻһ㣬һ齫ʶӺڰ˻
һﰵһ亹̷סʶѣεĸоȻ˲٣ʱҲоƣʲôԴԴϵӿڣ壬ʶÿյģоκεħԪأһ֪ӦǱһֵط
һûۣĿ¿ʼת͵֫ٺʼӿֶ˳ȥһʵıݡʼָ֪
һһоԭסСѾĿƣһվߡ
һҲû˺뷨ֻһ¶ѡСһƺȫԵӣ˵
ҵӣѵҪҵľޣһȻѾͷֳô󶯾ľΪɡ
ʱСʯ̨£ʯ̨ѿһ̴мˤȥһһĴϡ
ˣİɣֻѰһ
СҲƮƮһߣЩԥ
Сûһ۾΢΢һ죬ȴüСֺ۾װ˯˵ûʲôսԣǰѵ
һֻСһ̾һ˫Сؿڣǿʼ·
ɣȻԼңǷػǼװ˯ţȵȵȣڻ֪ʲôһһ˷ܣ̫鷳
СµַЩ׾Žһѵþ⣬һǽϷĨΡ
ɫǣĻͦС૵װһһ⡣
СƮһϴţ֪һǡԡģȴȻƵġΣСһСЩһĿһ㽫һֻһڿ㣬ȼŹСûĸѾˣСҧһؽһ߲ҲǴ׳Сֵʱɽ¶ˮߵСסˡ
һоһﰵҪرСڿʱССֵһ£һа˷ӦܹѵŽǹаѹȥ
Сסһǽַ뿴ֲҿһȥ૵ˣ˵Ķôô󣿡
һ΢΢ٴ΢΢۾СߺվСؿڵϵһذ׵ĳ߻ȥ¶ͷ˿¡


165 


С˶һһģС椵ʲô˵ϵǾ̫˼ˣûôġ
һ˼䣬Сɬؽ·ʾ¶֬һ壬˵಻ȴǲƤѩ׹⻬ɫ󣬿󴥸лжôˬеԡһ˫Ȼͦǰ̺쵴־ϸɼ䵭ë׺Ů˽Լɼ
һ΢˫Ŀһо۵ף˺ܴŽССֵܸס
Сӣһ𣬶ֻᰴͷ뾱׵￪ʼŻɬѶ
Сͼʼâתй£γһصķӡ¶ϡСıԽԽϣȻ˻ƣһϵ˫Ҳý͸
һֻԼں嫵䣬߻ǳһЩɢļƬԺɹһº͵Ϣʶ
һȻһõĸоѹȻ֪ʲô飬ȴ֪һжǻŮŪġһԪһʶǿؾλ
СԽԽҲزϵķĿʼÿøЩ
ۡСͻȻһѪһıϣ̱ϵطĳʧͼҲûڿУʯϵ޸Ҳԭƺոշһжǻþ
һֲȥϵѪȴĩһɫӡûƤ֮ڡ·תСڵϣ͸ͫ޹⣬ʧ
һһ·סСӡʵ˵ɣ㾿ʲô
Сûлشһ⣬ʵһֱţ
ûһͷ
С̾һ૵Ѳ⡣ʹҲͽ֮κΡ
˵ʲôһüʵ
С̧ͷһǺڵ˷µͫף͸ͫеӡһĺͫ·˫ͫҲ˺ɫһ㣬ԹԵ˵㱾ӦҵȿԤ⣬ʦҶˣӦǴ
С˫ԽԽŵı˻мįįҪį˰ɣԳҡҡͷȥĻؾһεĽһԴħţ߰ɡ
һվӳʯ̨̲סͷС˫ȥ
һһһסСĽȫԽԽ΢ʼɢһһסССѡ
СЩ۾Ϊʲôߣ
һа֮̾ƺˣǰһǿĿصŮǲܵģȴЩ̣ΪСͷβûҪص뷨ɡ
ңôſԾ㣿һʵ
Сİ˫ͫЩһ˿⣬ѵҸո㣬ҲҪ𣿡
㣬ոɹĻһ᲻ȥһʵ
ᣬֻᷢתơСش
ˣʵһֱأֻҪҲõӵеȻƾ˼ŬõһЦ
СһͻȻѪ˿
һһʵ˵ôſԾ㡣
СЦЦ˵ʵҲֻԾңֻҪһѪҵüľͿˡ
һȻô򵥣ԼѪѵҩɣۿСҪˣҲ˲ôˣָһѪСüģѪѸڽƤͻȻһӨӨĺ⡣
һֻһ㣬Ҳк͸С԰׵ɫ˺ΣͫҲָ˹ʡ
СüĶһɫѪӡһɰһ㣬崿оȻ͸һ˿ޡ
СһĻվЩӵؿһͻȻ˫ϥūСˡ
һȻСһʱ䲻֪ηӦСҲһϹڵһ
ðһŻعСʵǸʲôҿûҪҵū澰
ū澵ľѪ˵ڣѪ⡭⡣С
ѪѪһͷˮѵոյСüĵѪȫѪѪý
С֪ҵһħǰһ½ȥ¶Ҽ磬Ȼħ
һ΢΢תͷħ￴ԼҼ粻֪ʲôʱһεİѪӡȻСϵѪѵǾľѪ
ūǴѪڣ˵Ѫūֻлɢһ;Сذһ˵
ԭҿɲ㣬뽫ҵתƵ˭ȥܰϣһʵ
Сɫһ䣬ҧˡū澲ܻشʦβй¶Խū澵ջء
һʼ磬ЦˣūҲզģ㻹СɣȻ֮ѪҲвġ
ʵʵôҲı䲻ˣСҲҲԭСˣֻ˵ū澡С͸¶Щʡ
һóȻϷԵطչˣȴСȥֱħţ߱ߵ͵ΪֹɣȻҪˣ͹ԹҵĻȻȥˣû¾ͱҡ
һħ˳ȥСվԭء
һصʱ绹ûϢƺڵ
һȥƺࡣ
һߣأһסЦʵ
ʲôһɻװõ
һأϺúõʲô˵ɣǲǳԴˣһٺЦ
ԡԴף㿪ʲôЦҳ˭ôװЩţ͵
ȻǳҵĴˣСӰˮǰɣҪȻ˵˯ӡһЦͷȴأСϲˮô찡
㰮˭˯ʲô£ҲŲϲŮء
һһ㶣⻰ôЩԾһ˼䣬ȴһ죬˦ܽҡ
СӣʲôôƢƵġһҡͷ૵طڤȥˡ


166 ðմ


ʱôһһεţһҲòͶ뵽麣֮Լѹħ븴ħоżˮϵAයŮͬѧ޺޳ԳԷƺǻʺҲСյū澡
ЩһѹħЧʩŵٶ˺üħԪ֮ѹýȻ󣬵ķѵľħȴҪ࣬ûбҪѹѹľأֻҪѹǰ֮һЧͷǳˣٶҪ࣬ȻԱ̫˳Ľ
һֵø˵޺ͻ˸߼ħʦľﵽ˴ħʦľ磬ʱһڤ룬ȴͻȻֱ죬һţ޺ޱ˷ܵؽһ§סĲӣСŮ˵ֽΪֹΪܵһξٶΪף޺޵ͻƣŶҹ¥Ĵ˯ףһ޺޵Ĺϵһ̬ȸΪ֣Դ޺޺õòˣһһΪ޺޵ɫһȴϡ
ܿ죬ʥħѧԺһȵĻħɭðմ㿪ʼˣ߼ħϵѧ϶μˡһûʲôΣյѰᣬΣա¿Ҳ˻ͦհɡ
һ磬һƵĳȥһˣ㲻֪մȾһϰߡ·ŵİֲһһģһٱһ˼ʱϲһֱһָ°͵غһҲѧ˿
ͬĲ޺޵¥ʱ޺Ů˵˵ЦЦ
ɫһ䣬˳һʵôǲһĹ
һ޹һ̯֣ô֪ϣҪ˭ס
ǰŮЦȻǡ
ףˮʦΪ𣿡һЦʵ
ǰһֱ͵ǻΪֹˮЦһ
㡭㲻Ҳһȥμðմɣһȵֻǽæӽһ飬ûҲһ
𣿡ˮü˵ĿЦ⡣
ʦһƵʵ˵Ļ治ˮϴп޹Ժ㾭ǻһʱҲЩ˴ŵЦûµһ£һҪһʱܾСˡһΪŮ˴ˣ
ѧУûй涨ʦԲμӣǸӵأרŴһ顣ˮյЦ
һʱȴֱԭǳղİĿɶŻһճϣǱ춼ЦˣСȴһͣһһֱ벻׵ĵطһ˾㲻һŮˣҲϲô䵭ɡ
ʵ𳤵÷ǳˡһɫħ۵ԵҲǳ޺޵ȾŮĹ⻷£Ƿǳҫ۵һŮ
ʱˣǸȥɽˡˮ˵
˳ǰɽŮĿ⣬ر˸ѧԺطͷʵȻߴٷ֮ˡ
ʥħѧԺɽĴ͹ںɽһʮصĵطƽʱǻķģΪתħҪħʯԼǹħЭλħʦĿԾ㱻˷Ҳûʲô˵ġ
ʱɽѼǧѧԱʵ߼ħϵҲİٶ˶ѣ󲿷ֶǵѧѧֵء
ʱħʯѾúˣλħʦҲѾλʼȻħʯʼ⣬˳ħͼ·ȥħʼų˹⻪ΪƯ׳ۣΧ۵ѧǷ̾
ʱʦʼϵһһѧ߽ħ˲ʧħ
ܿһһҲе֣ħվֻǰһڣʱʧص״̬ʱѴһƬԴɭ֮У¿оʮ
ǰѧѸɢһŵͼΪ˲¼ÿ鶼˸Ե򡣻ħɭַǳ󣬵ͼҲֻеһ֡ڳǰʦǶ˭Ҳ׼̤ĩ֪򣬶Ҵ˴ðʱ£Ϊ̫ˣһֻάֶ£ºԶֹͣתǾ͵ȵ֮Ĵ֮ˡ
һ˿ͼǱ򣬱һӣǰ˱㳯ǰһ˵ϣٶȱ˿ɿࡣ
û˵˭쵼һ飬˶ʶһָӣ쵼̫ͻˣ׵ӽçԭʱһСı㷴Ϊȡ˹鳤λãн˵㡣
һ·ĶһЩͼħޣ˳ħͽˣħ˵ǮЩ˸ƴ֣ЩҲֻCн׵ħˡһǲ˵ֻʣǮˣˮһĸߵħƷȻҲǮ۹һλĶŮҲȱǮ
ıﰡôһҲû֡˵
֮Գ֮ΪȻϡô׷Ϊʯͷһ·ϱôû
Ŷôû뵽磬ݵ硣
һ˶һۣһж񺮲ѣеŮô
һ죬һڵ˷ǵڵͼߣǳ㣬ٹȥͼϾûʾˡ
Ѱ˾͵ӪΧһʼȴһֿ⡣һϲˣļһټϲ֮ˮգȻǻЦһƬѾҰӪεġ
һͳͼҿ˵ͼͷһƬɫӰشǱʦĲȥ
һסҵעЦŵħɭÿ궼ǰѰҿⱦҲڵòˣʱܱҲûѰħûû˼
۾һЦһСӣǲȥǱ߿˵ָָԶǸȥĩˡ
УǱû̽򣬷ô죿ˮ̷Ե
˵ˮʦôһħʦô󰡡һٺȡЦ
üʦ˵㡣ˮպһ
㻹ҵŮأŮӦ˵ġһ۵
ҡ㡣ˮڼƲͷպϼܲ
һӼˣЦȻ˷ԣǾһ㷽ֱӶͬȥġһȾ֡
Ҳͬ⡣ž֣һжŲߵҲž֡
޺ˮգʵҲֵģѳɶ֣Ϊչ˵ˮյûо֡
һ޺һ͵ЦȶôˣֱǰǱߵ򡣡


167 ɱ


ˮպһʾҲûٷˣֹֻǾһʦΰˣðӿɲһ١Ϊ˽ħʦľ磬һçԭɥͦ˹˳ˡ
һϵ£ƺ½Ĳ޲𣬱ħɭӦòһĿռ䣬ǲ½ĳĩֵĽɡ
Ŀ⣬Ц˺һ֪е˶񶼺޽طֻʣΧһƬס
һ籧ŵ˫ϥһͷĴϣŶϵǿգ֪СǸصŮʱĳɹˣԼӵеһǲǽȻ޴أ
һһۣշҲգƺЩϰһ֫ϵĽӴˡ
ȻһĽҹգСĿһһǻħɭ֣СɼëȻ
磬ȥһʱ˵
УҪȥһȥ㽫Ůʲôˮסһ˵һֵı顣
ǰҲҪһȥһпֲĶǸô죿˵
Ǿħħѧ˸ʲôõءһε˵Ůӿ鷳
ʱһС޴ƮƮش˵Ķ䡣
һץסֱۡ
һͻأؽ޺޺ˮոӺ£һһҽһϡ
磬Щ°ʹһȥɡ޺޲
һһħʦһרаĹϵħʦȻ³ǲ˼顣Ҳѹ֣Ůͨȷʵͦ˵ģ˭Ҳû½ֶýʬǶһЩûǣҲԹǼЩ֪ĶǶĩ֪ĶǱſ־ġ
뽫ŮҲ̫ģһǾǡ
˽䱸سطѰȥûħĿ̫ˡԽԽ룬ľҲԽԽߴïܣ¹ⶼѾ䲻ˡһҹӣ䵱˵۾ǣǰȥ
һһۣþγһϢ¶
ѽͻȻһĽһ
ʲô£һʵ
û£ұϵʯͷһ¡Щ˼
һȥͫȻһʯͷһħ޵عǼܣԡһߣһֲݴеɢĹͷһǳ
ҵĵ㣬ǹӦþڸһ˵
ʱͻȻյһĶ˵أӦڣ˵ǽ᲻
ܣû˵顣һ
ǵػץѪ飬ҪЩⶫɵĻǿǿļƷϰ˵ţдſ
ֹʲôأ߰ɣɭɭأоĶǺġˮ˵
طаأӦڣʩһʥа޺ϵħʦȻЩаȽУ˵ű
Сáһæֹ޺ޣ黹ûŪðȻʥĻܻ鷳
޺ֹͣ䣬ʣΪʲô
ۡһӤƽߣüﶼɿһ¡
ʱһͻȻʹᣬŵ˿ƮĵѪζвһ裬ûʵģǹһǱ壬ȴѪζ֤ǰĹʵأһʵĹô˵رһ֮أʵ֪ˡ
ѪζԽԽŨ༸ҲŵˡǶǱˣȻҲ뵽һ档
һĴ»ǰΪԤһһ׼ʱڰԪռĿٻǲôġ
ǰͻȻÿտֵ龰˶ʧɫ¹£һ޴͹ڵϣӦ˵һεԴһռȥ֮ط˶ĵسĴ롣Ӥª˼Ĺ˳ԾƮһ͸顣ԶԶܸо֮ʱиħѰȻԹԵߵǰȱȥǣȻһȥʵһɱϡ
֪ǰǺֹһﵹˣЩħ֮ô˳ӵ߹ףΪľһֵĲηһڴߵЧ
Ȼ治аһ̾һһﾹȻ֪ȡ裬ʵ˾̾ĵشͷƶǿֻܿӤ￴ӦþͻߣĻԹ԰ȴֲһ㣬Ļһ㲻֮أҲҪͷֵؽɴ˿龹ǲЩǻ۵ģ鷨ʦпĲϣ⿴Ź˫۾֪ˡ
һô죿ˮʵŪ֮󣬼ŮеľҲƽ
óˣɳضػ޺˵Ϊһ̻ļ룬һкڰĶʮ񣬾ǲ֪֪һ鷨ʦʱʲô뷨
˵ĲѳǻۡԲһͷϣȴʼתŸͷһʼµŮ˸ͺãͿԷſֽ顣
Ը飬ǶԻǸ޺ޱصشӿռָȣʮѶԸ
һʹһɫȻס޺޵С˵磬ôðأⶫͽҰɣǳªĹǣסУĽ빥Ӧ÷ǳǿ
飬˹ħħЧ޺һĵı飬ӿһů
ģҰɣͺǶԸǹһգգ۾
û⡣ЦһĳúһֱǳĽ׽ɳѪ飬ǿɾѷɫһĳãҸƣΪЧִ֮һعϵħҲ˺ǾԵĺö
һȻȥ֣˳ȥֱ顣ͬһʱŮҲǹ﷢˹ˮȱų˷ӡڽָеıű㿪ʼʩʮˮϵ幥ħ֮ìÿԴһСɽ
˻һγֵĲγһӿһ׼ǾϵܵĶǿߣǱֵС˵أ
һľѸٽסȴǿúܣħɾһʶ֮ǳЩɱȡȻԷһľһסľʳһɶ
ǻۣ֪һѶԸȻתߣ˿һһŵֻ֪ˡ
ܣĸ鰡һٺЦͻȻ𣬱һׯϣֽڿлóӰһӡ
շħӡһڿ𵴣һɫķӡһлóԽԽһֻư㽫ܵѹסá
ͺ¿̵ĶܵǷڡһֹǰ״Ȼǳڡ
ڷӡ飬һЩԴãֻ壬ƵʱЧɾͲˡ
ˣӽѪɫÿ޺Сšһתͷ˿Щ죬ΪˮħʦսӦûúܿ죬ȴû뵽ĸ˼һȻһʱͷûа취
һûע⣬Ѹٽӽ˺ڰԪռ䣬֪˿޺Сϸ۲ǱߵսǸªĴͷ־ǽŮħŴȥˮʩŵʮ幥ħˮ֮ìҲȥζӣһζļȡ
һ֣ĹˣħɭʲôʱôֲֱǺ
һһָָһԴСħȻþʼѹѹĻǿҵıըأѹֻĴָСâҫۡһٳͷŴȥֻһͷֵľ޴ƺЩܣָֻܱ
˼һѽսȫ£
һǶԸˣ˰ɡˮĨһѶͷĺ˵༸ҲһΪȻӡ
һСС۾ȫĴͷ֣ƺǳӡ
һתתٺټЦ˹֣㲻ϲ𣬸Եöɡһӿռָ﷭ƿϵĺۣȫþɵһڣȻ󳯴ͷ˹ȥͷ߲һ¡


168 Ů


ͷֵذڶͷĶĴ룬ȻĴȻֱԲεɲʱͨ졣ͣش磬ÿһζķĩ
ۣۣۡͷ־ٴηСֻʣһ۾ﾹȻӿᡣ
ڿ𣿡޺ָŴͷһʵ
˭֪أһʼƺĸоͷί飬һǴ
ô죿ǻ𣿡ʵ
ƨⶫǸĹǻ߰ɡһ˵ͷȥ
һжѾˣˮռ˶ʩųħǿղžĵطȻ׹ɭɭʬҰ뾪һȻȻһԼ߿£Ȼǿɲ֪Ǹ
磬Ǹ𣿡޺ʵ
Ȼҳ֣ûи㲻£ССӵùҵָɽһٺЦһץһƨӡ
ˮһɨۣ¶һ˿ɻոпһǱׯϵؽӡǽɫӡźȻɴû˵ħʣһ϶ֻùн˵ܣԲһ˵ݵı顣
ˮʦ˵ʲôע⵽ˮյر鲻ʵ
ҡûʲô˵Ҳǰ˵ˮƳһһ
ʱ޺޺עҲһشߴˮ˵
ֻƷǽħʲôҲ϶˵滰Ҳǰʡˮ˵һ񾹴ЩԹ
ǰҺҲˣ磬Ǿʲôħ޺޳һںһĹϵ࣬ʱҲǰ
Ҳ˵˵ҲסһЦ
㲻˵ô֪ǲףҿ˽ɡˮպһ޷޵
Ȼô֪Ҿ˵ˡõǷӡɣ˵ǲ׵ġһεЦ
˻һۣЩãȻʲô֪ȻʲôǷӡˡ
ǲһ°ɡҲʵСӻжܰΪܱ鷨ʦ񲢷ˣǲϵظҾϲƺòı¡
һңԶ½ŷġţΪɣԴȱΪޱߣаħǲڻ¡Щų˿ǿˡһ򵥵ؽš
ųʲôѵˣʵ
ˣôûһɻѵЩǸ֮⻹ǳгء
ªŵȻûˣߡˮȡЦһ
֪˵˵һʵ
ңҵȻ֪¾ɣˮЦһʵҲ֪ģֻʶΪ
һ֧һԴĳܹһ裬˵һпŮóϵħΨһħ츳ˣֻϧڼǰѾҲһЩżϿġһһ˵
˺ܿصӪĵطʱѾϨֻʣ
ҲˣȥϢɣ쿪ʼȥĩ֪̽աһԴ˵
˸ԼϢƬֻʣس紵Ҷɳɳ
ڤ벢ûг̶ּñ˹ʱȻǹ˸һʱ䡣ͷֵĴսһϺܲŮǺܰɾġ
ӪزԶĵطһ峺СϪ뵽ȥúϴ裬ʵ̫ˡ
羯ظоһܣֽûжӦѾϢϢڤڤɡϢسСϪȥ
ʱˮһѵСϪǰȥǵСϪһʯͷĺӴرʺϴԡ
̤ĲߵһЦҪˮͻȻϪˮһӰˮ⧲ŵõ˼
һͷں㷢˦ȥһžϪˮֳԭΣ͵شȻһʱ֮˵ԺԳɶ·֮״
޺ޡΣԻػ꣬ϳˮ֮˾ȻһС޺ޡ
ʱ޺޴͵۾ʼתŮ˵ĵһӦУֻոſͱƲˮиסˡ
޺ֺɲɵذͦε֮ϣһֱΪ˵޺ĳܲ߷ߡ
Ц޺޽г鷳ɾʹˣһСӻƤʱôͰѲɸ˵ŮˡڣŮǱ֮޺ˡҪˣֻϣܱܰɡ
޺ޣСѵ뽫˶ûжء޺޶˵
޺ֹͣҲһЩǽһҲûˡ
ʮӺ޺޴·ͷʪܵɫЩ԰׵ؽ磬ļһﾹȻһֱô
޺ޡ˵
ʲô˵ˣ쵰޺ĻԼӱһ˿⣬ʮί޶˱һиѹȻ̲סߵֱµ
޺ޡ
㲻Ҫҡ޺ʶشϣߵŮ
˵ҸһŮŲţ޺˵
޺޲ŵ̧ͷòŻع˵ΪѧŮӵұ㡣
ЦЦһˮưŤһǵĽճ޺޵ǰɫͷͫҲգۼ˼ΪѣĿĺɫ
磬㡭Ů޺޽͵Ǿ̾ضϾ
ߵ޺޵ǰ½ָһɫĹزһԾӨ͸飬ۺӭ
ǲġЦӯӯ˵
޺ַ̧ϣ࣬µģأҵʮ㣬ľȻһȦĽ
޺޷֣ЩϤԵʮİ磬ȫָƽ
ŮӣҶ֪𣿡޺ʵ
½ҡҡͷչһЦ֪ǧҪұܺòã
޺ֵش磬ͻȻһЦ˵ÿҶ繴ģסͬһᣬռˣǲǡ
˵ҲŲϲҸֵֻܣ֮еꡣɺ˵
Ů˰û˼ܣһĴϡ޺ЦŲء
ҧҧ´ͻȻ̾һ


169 


ıЩӣĶһһоû˵ԼšеʱҲһɳ嶯뽫Ůʵֻ֪һ֪ԺʲôķӦأһһֱֵܵһ±ΪŮˣ˵ӦԽܰɡңһԴƵţտ۾ﾹȻһ˿ԹΣԹ˭˭
޺޿ǧ򻯵ı飬ܲǺܶȴ֪Ȼϲġ̾¶䣬ĲѧӵܣһǴֹеС̸֮ɫȻΧƣҸǾǣʱҲΥ뷨һ׸磬ǷҲأ
磬Ľк֡޺ͻȻЦʵ
ع񣬽еصЦЦ㷴һ¾֪ˡ
磬裿壡޺޻Ȼ
ͷͻȻеį˵ʵֻ˲֪ʱһǽ硣
޺޴֪Ц޶ȵҲô£ûȥˣɵЦҪϴԡɣһϴɡ
ڶһ硣һڤ߳һ쵽һ룬ͻȻ޺˵ЦشԶ߻
һȻ૵Сӣְʲôʱôˡһе㲻еĸ綼һɣԼǳܵͻȻͱ˱ܣȻЩظо
ãӦǸе˲Ŷԣһ룬ܾЩŤ
磬Ǳ߷˺öҰǳء޺޼һ˵طɱɫ޵Ĺӡ
ɫôޡжɡһӹӿ˿˵
ҼˣûжںЦ
һ˿Цĵ޺ޣôǳڰеŮһ㣬һ§סļЦ硣ҹһ£ЩҪ˵
Ƴһ޺ޣе㷢졣Ҫѣȴһץ
磬Ҫ˵ʲôصģҲҪ֪޺޺˵
֮飬һСŮʲô֡һ˵űǿнˣȴɹŲõЦݡ
޺ԶȥıӰһЦ֮飿
һתͷ޺޵Цݱ㽩ϡΪվڣøʹȻҲһһ֮ʲôˡ
޺һʱ֪˵ЩʲôǴӦ籣ܵģֱ˵еĸоɲ̫ܣң»һѾͷҲǣǸŮƫƫװһ˵з
ҡҸûʲôģ㲻Ҫᡣ޺Щε˵ʮֹŹ֣һŮӸһŮӽһŮӲ¹ϵⶼʲôʲô
޺ޣ㲻ҪƭˣȻ׷ŮӣȴûжĸŮܣǡɫ԰׵˵ţͻȻһֻһŷʹǺۿ˵ȥˡ
޺޼ģңģ֮Ů֮顣ֻн֮꣬ﲹ
޺һϣһԹģӦòм٣ʼһ̡
ʵֻǰҵõģҲ֪ҶǺֵܣԴȻԵһЩ޺Ӳͷ͵оҪεˣϵ湻ҵأ֪֪ǵĶȻһŮʲô顣
أĲ԰׵ֳϣ֮⣬ץסһһ㣬ǰץס޺޵С֣Ȼ㵱ãҺòãûĻȥġ
޺ô찡˵һỹ˵ùȥ裬עǲܵ
޺ޣ㡣һŮһ˵˵زֶˣò˸̾
޺һ̾ס˵ǲǿģǿšһֻʹѣû˻Ϊû˰޷ȥ˰黹Ķֵȥϧ飬飬ǷΪЩأ
ԭأþûһһ˼ϣǰĺѶԶˣѾþûиϵˣΪ˰飬ʧȥ˺ܶ࣬˴˺ֵֵܶ࣬أЩã


170 Ϫ׿ݹ


һ§ļ򣬼ϵĽԶһŴ档
һСӸʲôҵļʹˡż
һٺһЦݵ˫࣬ҶԲˣʵǲڴСõ⣿
ؽһĴֲһ۵ǰҾǴ⣬ҧҰ
һһͷĸоԽԽŨʣ⵽ôˣΪʲô޺ôǿռѵһٶȥʵңǲĺ޺ãǰֻӣ
ЩһǿЦͷ
ȻҲͲ˵ˣǸģɱҷһžһļϡ
ʹһյıɱ򶼱ˡ
ҿһЦűҪȥ·
һܵԶͻȻͷЦҺ޺޵ȷõģָ飬ɱð
һһۣҪװģ˵һ˿ϲáͻȻһͣڿлһӰѸٳߡ
ôҪѯʣͻȻƳԶһ޴ĺӰɾһ
˵ŴۿǸĴͷ֣һǻش룬ƺǳõӣһεγǰһһߣ;ײʮãһ㷴ӦûС
üͷһ壬Ҫħȴһһץס֡
˷ˡҪͺˣʱҲˣʰ·ɡһ˵Ӫȥ
ͷּһԶȥί۽˶ɴ˿ɿģΪװ
һ˿ٻصӪأͼ޺һˮҲЩŵش˳
һ΢һ룬֪ôˣǸո˲ԶǴͷֵĽ
ô£ǹ׷𣿡ˮһһʵǹǱ̬ķǸ̵ӡΪһħʦ̵ĹȻԷһƤë˲ˣʵЩ
֪ǲǳأǾ뿪ɡһʼʰȶ
һ·ǰĩ֪ȥһļȻߵ÷ɿ죬ӦýͷԶԶ
һ·˾Ҳûʲôˣ;ҲһЩ͵ȼħޡ˷ɱ·֮£˺ܿԽѧУǵӰ
һҿҲûпĵطصطʲôħ޵ĵȼȻûб仯߲Cнס
ͣϢһ°ɣ극ߡһӻֵΪطʲô̫ͬʧˡ
һһֻҰЦŵҾҪһζ֤ǳ˻ζڳ㡣
ֻСϪｫϴͿĭϵϣ˸ϣȻһֽιסŴСϪͳཫֻ
һʲôζͣܳ𣿡ˮһĵر飬ûʵ
㶮ʲôΪлԶԲɱԵͷȥһٺЦ
лֿ޺˵
һЦЦҲٽͣڿһһּԻһ￾ħǷݰʡʱʡ
ĸԺΧڻ߿ţǿɴûп˭￾ġ
СʱȥһϨȻӶｫ͹סļͳһȭȥѵͷ׷䣬ֽǣһŨζӿֱ˲θڸͣˮҲʼڡ
㣬㰡ҳ˲̣һ´һнֻл˺һȾ͡
ۣ壬ƷƷ߽̾һı顣
Ȼһֻл̾ͱ˹ηָɾһı飬ǵģǷǳӽˡ
Ů˱ǺóԵĶһ˵ʳ֪ζؼŮץֻҰϴøɸɾһٶ֡
һٴεϪʱͻȻָоһӲԲԲģһˮ½ȥóһʱһ㶡
ϾңطôϽңһ
һĺΧһһöϾ̫ա
һöϾʲôֵġˮղмһ˵
һһû˵ֻǷȥоеϾҡ
һùϾһϾûмڣ˵һǧǰĻң˺ĽǮҲſڵġ
ڣﻹûĶһ΢΢һüһˣһƽϪˮߵȥ漴һˮϵħ֮ᡣ
˸ڲͬĵطûһһڵ˼öͬϾңڵһƵĿףҲڵһЩϵ
֡֡ͻȻһֵشУֱ˼һˤڵء
һȥֻոڵĵطһֻڲ״¶ߡˮһˮ˹ȥȥ¶һֻ׹ɭɭצӣӦֻ֡
⣬طôˣɻ
һǰץסַһע⵽ֱһѷ죬֮ǰȻ˴򶷹
Ӧþ棬϶ֻһ˵ġһ϶
Խȥһ˵ԽһһߵĲк˳ȣ޽ħҲ˲٣Ǹ߼мʥֻȴ񼶵һζѡ
˵Ĳû¶ϲ飬һ˷ܵ飬˶ĸһʵսʱпܣѵħɭ־ǰĹսħɭγ˹ģǼǧܹɵģֲﶼʷ̫ⷽ
һͷ˼ţΪʲôħɭħ޵ȼߣȴ˶ı׷׳أʥħѧԺÿɳѧ̽ȴȻԴԴϵĸߵȼ𰸾Щݹ֮С
ھһȣͻȻоȥ˳ոϰ¡һϪݣһ̳
䶨¶龰뾪־ʯһҲ⡣ԴӶԷп˾֮ɫ


171 ǧԹ


ֻݵϪ¶һ޴ʯңһȾȴʯѳɽһߵкǵĺǱãϻһЩ·ƬҲǰҲһĳͻġ
һع񣬶˵ȥһɴ̱ǵζӭæסŷϪ׵Ķֻʯһǣ滹иӿĿռ䣬ͬĶ˺ǣǧ֮ࡣеʬѿѣڹﺬ׵Եʣںڰз̲ҲҵĹâǿֲ
µļŮڿ˹һħɭ̶ֶ죬ܵľȴһδһΣǰ漸ѧѧħɭֽǿĵض飬ºֱڿǵ
Ŷϣ⾿ʲôˣΪʲô˶޺ؿڣʶؽһϡ
һ˫ĿҵĿݹɨɨȥͻȻɫһͣɶ𣬴һ߿ݹϳƬƵ·ƬһƬɫ绯ĲƬȫˣеһͼȴϣɱ硣
ףһֻˣͼô˼ô񰡡սһȵ˵
񡣸һģһһǧǰ˼ôôͻȻ˷˼ĳԹѵ
һҲ˲ôˣǿһһߵؿݹǡĿǰһﻹõĿݹǣŵѩ״ر־ƤֱǱı־ڱŮ˵·Ͽ
ɵභȻ˶ˣǺţЩݹõǸ֣ûһڸ߼ħʦľ磬ɴ˿ԿǶôĲʢһڱԭıֻʣ¹һŮˣһڴ½ؽǹǰƺر𣬱ݷĸ׷˼һٸҲǱŮӵĶ֡Ϊʲôǿ˵໥ܾˣǧҲ޷ָԪ
һ㷢ʲôأô찡ˮղʧһع̾һܾЩˡڼڻɽвǳԨԴ˼ݷŮˣڳΪ˵˫ҲͬǣŮΪɵǰԹභĻԽˡ
Ӧòֻһʯҵģûл֮أ˵ж졣һ˵
ʯڿݹ̫࣬ܶ඼סǽڣе鷳
ʱһһҿЩͷвٵĺöǼСһʣֵٵǮ
һٺһЦȭᴷؿڣСҪͼû㣬µĶȻ츣ˡ
ؿϮʱ˸ͨ͸أվио
ףʲôѵ˼˵ĶСӿɲ˰һֵʵ
ŭغݵһһۣҪȥݹǶ﷢һ˲ơ
ʱͻȻǿҵˡ˵űתǽһͻʯ顣
һ˹ȥͻȻһ˿ֱҪΪƻصظһ㲻Ὣõôԣ඼αװɵģʵţпصĻء
ֻǣѾˣѾתʯ飬һֵһ
Σʯﲢûκα仯ý񾭵һһԭǸٵĻأ»һţݹǧǰıɽׯ˼ǰʵһصҵҲӹˡ
һһʱͻȻʯҿʼǷӦղǽ˲ֱĺˮһֻüץסԱߵͱˮû
һȫתסе磬ĿҪλŮˮļѹֻܼŰããһƬ
Ȼһ޴пʼγɣǿ˲佫һ˽ȥһֻмתôҲƲסתͷҲʼκ
Ҳ֪˶ãͻȻֱ§סһܱ˫ͻȻҪ
һﰵвˮûпֹôʱ䣬翴ӿҪֲסˡɱеﲻͣתһʱҲͣ
˫ԽץԽҲʼ΢΢һΣһˣһ촽еȥ


172 ϲ


Ƭ촽һһһ˹ȥϢ
Сӵ촽ôŮһġһﰵ룬о͸һŮ࣬ܿ죬ͱԼ뷨ŵˣΪһˣ˼Ҳʲô⣬ǸϽ񣬽ųԺ
ĸоȴһǿҶˣһʱסֻ飬û죬ҪӺһ㡣ԾأһĿͷĳأ鶯ˣѲ򵥵ĴഥȱĲ񣬲֪ӦôǣԵֻܱܵ˱һ˫
һͻȻ˫ΪǶɹȥһ˹ȥȴͻȻоһСͷͷһһȻһоҪˣôҲеĵģȴֽӴһ͵ĿС
ò˵ֶҪôѧϰȻץһϣողСĵؽͷ˹ȥͻȻָо˵ãֻ嶼ƮƮģǷƶˡǸоĺ
˽Ҫʱ޴ͻȻɢȥ׳ˮ档һȻѹѸƿ촽ס綨ڿУʼŷһ޴ĵҶҶһĵºǰ͹ƽʯ档
һƮȻ䣬ʩųħ˿е磬ͷһߣǲˡ
ղźˮлǣһоͲӿֵĸо˵Ҳƽŷһƽ̹ĵϣʼܡʪ䣬оһӿӦǲͨġֵȴû˿Ƶĸо
ʱ۾һ϶һͦεرӰװԵģĲ֪ȥƾһʵӦҲ֪װġȴûнҴҲ֪ôȥ԰ɡпЦ֪ʱһҡԼ֪ԼŮȴ֪ԥǲҪһء
ԥʱһͻȻع⵽ǰĶͷ૵ˣôѣѵǴʪ·ԵʣҪҪأ
һһ·϶ᷢʵŮУһװɣ֪Ǹİ취ҪȥͿɣ岻ܸ˭أ
һش½ԥһ˻ץסһˣȫ·ϵˮڶûӣʪ¾ͱɸˡ
ͻȻ˫ۣŭһľͷľͷˡ
ףˣоõûУһ㶣Щεʵ
ƿһյҪܣľͷ
һĹĵ磬ŮԻͱ飬аһ̾ƺôһ˼ôأ˸һǾܹܵģЩ黹Ҫ˵׵ĺá
磬ЩҪ˵һŸô˵Ų˵ġ
ʲô£ûʵ
ţ֪һˣҲһˣǺֵ֪кܶŮ˵ģҺ㲻ܡ˵ʲô𣿡һ˵˼ɵû˵úĴġ
㶵һֱһ﷢ëͻȻһЦ˳Цû֦Ҳֱ
ôЦĪܴ̼ˣһֱֹ
ðΣֹסЦ⣬һ̲סЦûû˵
ЦûСһüܾôһЩ
죬ĵ˫һͻȻϲ㡣
һһ˵úôڷ˵ˡ
ǰһǰͻȻ§ĲȥɵͷһĿòš
ΣһŴзӦһѽƿ
㲢ҵǣ෴ҵиоģƭԼˣҲϲҵġЦ̲סˣˣһ
һĨĨ죬Щ㶣ǵģȷʵиоѵԼҲǴ˵еĶһ壿ܵģոһǴֻŮиоġ
һҰ׵ɫЩˣҲƭǰסһĻУһƿʱ૵˵ŮˣŲأ
һһʧ˵ʲôŮˣתЩϲֻܽΪʲôǻиоΪʲôż¶һЩŮԻʮĶͱ顣
㵽಻ָԭŮʮֵö
һƿϸش磬һһĶ䣬ؿֻһƬƽ̹ķɻ
Ī̫ƽһ۾ʵǸŮѵôһûȫӣ
̫ƽȥˡϸϸ飬Ȼ׹һָʲô
ѵǣ顣һٺһЦ˫ֽ糶˹־½ȥ
ɫǣ񰡡еֵµȴԵЩư͵ӡ
粻Ե£ؿںܿŴ󿪣¶ǰһİ籡
һעǾӨ͸ļƽ̹⻬СԼǵŮ㣬ʹý⿪Ҳ֪һʵŮˣҲΪʲôһɵ㣬Ҳٶ۵ģӦ÷ֲԾģɾΪΪԵһֱΪֻЩŮԻѡ
ȻȷŮб˲ռǾӣһǰİƮȻأһԼͦ壬ѩ˳ֱһճ棬Ƿۺ׺ѩ÷߰ʥࡣһĿ⣬ԼƷһܹյġ
约ߵһסؿڣȴһסһֻԵḧʥ˫壬ǻ˿Ĵ겻ѣᲦǷۺ飬ڴ̼½ͦš
ʱ粻̼Ǻɫͷͫ׿ʼտҲʼˮưŤһһǵһǰ
һ𾪵һƬ磬ϣȵ𣬽׵ҧڷ۷۵ĺ촽ϣɲˡ
Сһ˻һɽӿ͵صͷס촽һţǵʮָиǡ
һһеҪʱͻȻһȣʹ̽Ԩ˻


173 ؾ


һѹ̯ƣֻںϽѪɫħʯһһĵĺڹ⣬ȵĸоɴ˴
һһָоħʯʲôеĵųϵŤţǼΪһ˵֣ͣڰһ²á
ʱһܣȻϵ½
һҲ࣬Щɻʵ
һĶͷ·ãĵһβӦطġ
ԴһֱҪ²ؿڣȴһֹˣ˵ǰôˣҪȻزΣʱһ߸һߵͶѿ
ĻûбΣŵʵ
ڻûУŰˣɡһٺһЦ˵
罿εذһһۣô½ǰǵģøԵЩˡ
һ̾Ŀ⣬ϲסһĸ첲һʵҵʵֽз壬Ժͽɡ
˳ڣǺǡǺڰ̻˶ݵϰǰҲһǺЦ
һģһĹâץסһʵ˵ƯѾͷƯϲһǸϲ
һ㶣ǰֳľòҲԼһĵεΣʼ
ߡһı飬Ļ֪˭һŮͻһ
һЦһŮզһǰֵҪһЩ
ʵ
㲻Ҫ˵ˣҲ֪ˡһĻ̾һôֻǳһŮıܰˣʵһ˭˭׵ģԺԼһķһᳬĵġһĺ֪Ҳĵ֡
ʱһͻȻоһֱ˿ӵظоڰĳĳƺ۾ڶǡĿںڰѲӣܳºܲطһ
ƺҲˡһߣҲš
һֿʼȣһֻ̯֡ħʯͻȻâֱָҶұڡһоⱩͺһ˲ӳӡâָұڡֻһʯɽżزҽ󶴴ұ¶˳ģֵӰˤڵϲҽвѡ
һľ˲סˣߵǰһֻ⼸˳üۣ侹ȻҲǳأμ䰫ݣ͸һ㣬ǵݿȴʮ꣬ϴŲ֪ʲôƳɵĴֲѡ
֪ʲô𣿡һߵķ塣
üϼļһԲȷҿϼعһֳ֮ΪؾĴڣڲصصףǵصصı棬ӴĵصҲֻǴ˵ѡ
һһһʵ˭Ϊʲô
һһãȻֵһ
ǵԣô죿˵
һüеⲻ֪ǺļһͻȻƵļһõЦݣһ˿׵ӣһļʾѺãץצһգֻűʾûж⡣
⼸˾ɲһﱬһߴҲ֪˵ʲô
ǻҪ⿪ǵĽƣһܵӡѵ
һͷֽȥ˵ľƣһͷģļһǰ˼Ȼһ˻ӻ֣Ҫ˸ߡ
⼸Сļһߵڵ·ǲܷɵȥģֻóһһнƳɵĵǽȥס棬ɵ˳ȥĩˣͷļһӣʾһ
һһЦŵ㣬ϣֱ⼸СӾĿɿڴÿһĳ羴۹⿴ǡ
һܣֻصŲյ㣬ǽϸһξһѣ;ĲӻһӴĵ磬ĪǴ˵еĵؾ塣
˸⼸Сӣʼڵصҹգ;˺üӳģСӣԾȵˡһ˵СһһָһߴСҲһ羴ˡ
дСʱ˵ǰȻǰľ˴˵ﾹȻһ޴ĵص׳Уµ֮мʮ֮ߣоͽ䣬ʯͷķ۴αȣпĽֵȴĳһ̣ɼЩؾͣԭʼģʽ׻ûв
һ˵ĵ˺嶯˭ؾΧֵĽˣӻȫԱ
ô·ļؾһͨкеĵؾÿһ·һָָ㣬ÿ嶼е԰
һҲĴţؾŮ˸˳ò࣬˲ҹάȻ;һųĶ䣬òֱһһذ
ܿ죬˱һ޴ʯͷǰ棬ӦǵؾĻʹˡʱʹǰһóìĵؾǴӵһƼףͷʯʹڵؾӦþǵؾ峤ɣҲĩ̫Զ˰ɣЩͻõĸлƵģһȴģģǶʹõ½ȥһ۰ɡ
һؾ峤ǰվֻؾ峤һߴһ԰ףűĵؾߴӵؾĻʹ˳Ȼǣȴ˸ǻ۵Ĺâ
࣬ǴΪʲôǵĵؾ߳ھȻǲ½ͨãԵʮӲôҲöˡ
һ羪ϲѣԲͨԽˣǳȥӦǲˣǵĵҪˮգ޺Ůİȫ֪ڰȫ
𾴵ĵؾⱻˮأţʮֱǸһò˵
߽һĻؾ峤Ȼ˵ǵؾѾһǧûмˣǳӭǣ峤ڴ˶գǵؾ彫ߵǿλͣȻҲһܷ񽫲½θ˵һ˵ء
û⣬ǻλͬһͬĿǰ䲻ܷæһҡһ˵⴫˵еĵؾҲʮֵĺ档ˮŮûбҲ̫һһеؾڵºĴһҰɣŮˣ˵İ


174 ɽ


һ˱ؾӭ˻ʹνĻʹ½ҵĻʹȻǲԶˣͨ嶼ʯͷɣ漸ûʲôƷǽڣϣ컨ϵֵĸгĶǻ档Ҳѹ֣ӦǵؾʵõĶɣӴĵ¶Ҫ
˱һʯңһʯʲôûС
ĿˣǾסϼɣĻ飬峤ѾڸºѰˡǵؾϸ˽˵
һͷͻȻⳤ˵ѾһǧûмˣҲ˵һǧǰǼ࣬ǼĻ᲻ǱɽׯأǲҲ޽أ
ϣ֪֪һݹǵңǾǴĻرˮءһʵⳤϵı顣
ⳤһ͡ǵ˫۱һ󾫹⣬ʵǹ浽Ǹң
һؾ϶ţ⻰Ϳ֪ҵģпǵؾءؾ϶ǻɽׯЩԨԴߵĹЩؾǳݻ
ǾǴﱻºģҲ֪Ŀݹǵ½ɱɽׯˡһ˵
ؾĿⶢһȻҲ֪Īǲ½ɵĴڡ
УҲΪ֪ˡһͷ
ؾϵͷһ˼ı顣ãһ̾ҡҡͷ˵ˮ𱾲ݡԳʼˣǵؾľɽׯΪ˼ĴǵؾȻǶһǧǰħɭһ֮սñɽׯԪˣǵؾҲͬ⣬ǿǸʬֻһֶѡһΪҵضҷˡ
һһʸ΢΢һЦļĻ񣬻ǻɽׯͷ϶Ǳ˼ĴɣҲƭһƭȺľԴصؾˡ
ʱؾϳһһпӣ̧ͷλ;ϢһɣϢ֮½ν֪
û⣬һһ󣬵ȻǲǿǵĴתתԴǿɺغءһЦ
ԡֻǵĵмһΣգһɼǡؾ϶˵꣬˳ȥֻһһҡ
һתͷŷ壬ֱǴһ˿аа΢Ц
˼ңᡣֵغһһۣɬĺϼ
磬壬ƭôãص˺Ҵ飬˵ҪôҡһٺЦ
һȭ˹ȥյ㶼˼ˣ㻹Ҫô㣿
жôô֪һʼЦ
죬һͲϰɣԺ󶼲Ҫϡ
ϣϡһɫ
ͷݺݶ˶ţ֪һǿЦģȴЩܡ
һһԥ֮ɫķ壬ٺЦҳϻ𣿵ܾĲ
Ĩ̺죬תͷҪô
һЦеظ°͵ĺһӵķ壬˿̵ʵ̫ˣò⺬ߴӵı飬ʵڹ˼ɣȥˡ
ܵһɨӵĳ񣬷ֻһȣ̵öҪˡ
ţΪ˲һҲƽҾҪСƨƨһٺЦŷԲͦεβָ֪лжôˬ
Բһҧ´޽޵ذһһۣһΪܾʱȴͻȻʯһſȥСƨɸ߸ߵؾ
һɲʱ䣬᲻ס»ţʵҪǰβߣЩظȥȻſӣǵʮָȴ˿
һḧ£ĽһЩ͵ػ˻βֱεһð⡣һڿˮͻȻžһ˷ϣҲֹסĽһʹƻ顣
ĥ˵СһɳòѪڣ󼤵һĪĿӿ
žžžһǼȥ뽿Ťʧء
һŴֻ죬һоĴ˷Ŀһʵ˴ϡǺ׽βô¶ǰǱѩϾһӡɢһ޵
һḧϣͻȻһʱץϣץסһŮܲëķۺ칵ֱǰ䴺¶㣬Ţ
һ彿һȴŲ֧ţôʯϡ
һɿ˫֣ٴעŷβĺɫӡǰͻȻˮյӰҲôλŮʦƨɣȴ䲻뵽ˣһͻȻû£Ŀϣʯϳ
Ҳѹһ飬Ļ֪ڵʲôסһͷʵůıϣһһڵ޺һµġ
һץסؿڵ֣̾ҲǲµģǺܵġ
屧һƺ뽫Լĺܰˣܰܰʹ֪װŮ˵ӰȴȻһ޷ˣⶼе㲻ˣЩɡ
Сʱǵؾ峤˹˵ؾ峤Ҫǡ
һȵǣؾϾǴ˻ʹ³һƬƽ̹ĵطѵͷӿӿƺеĵؾеˡ
ǵؾĽ𣿡һתͷʵؾϡ
ؾϵͷ˵ٹǵؾļ⼸춼Ҫ磬ǿǵؾǳҪһӡ
ףһЦЦΪܾŪһЩƷȥ׸Ļɡ
һ˵ЩؾͻȻһеĵؾ׷ɢ¶һȼܴĵ·˼⵶а׳ؾ峤Ȼ״Żʹڣվڵɽ𺣵ľͷ
һüЩؾǸʲôһ
ǻףֻҪλ߹·ԶǵؾѣȻλҲѡֱƹȥǵؾȻὫλϱġؾһЦǺǵؽ͵
ԭˣһٺһЦɽ𺣣ֶ˵ʵ̫СˡһЦһһνףĴ


175 


һ̤һʱеؾɲǼʧˣסˡǿ˭߹ܵףˣҲǵؾԶĹ͡
һǣŷС̤˻֮УͻȻһɫһ䣬ɷף漰оǷȻǴӱоһĻ࣬в֪¶ȾȻߵó󣬶ҸҪյĲ˵壬˵ꡣиǼ죬мǿĴ͸ŵһһȻʾ໥ų⣬ںϵ޷졣
һ⧲²˵ҿһΪԷһϸһ㾫ƣҪȻܴǿɲġһܹ¾ޣʩųһǿεıΪԤһһҲ뵽Լǿǿܶȡ
ʱصĻҲܶ˺ˣһһ
һһжֻڻߣһɧضŴҳĵؾǻ֣һС˵־ģ
ؾϲ֪ʱ˵ؾ峤ߣһͬվڻؾͷһ塣
»Ȼܵףˡؾ峤ͷ
ؾϿЦһܵף뵱ɽׯභı˻ɱ㴩˹ȥǵؾشͳеĵؾиٹ̡˵Ҳûãڸ
һӻ̤΢Цվ˵ؾؾ峤ǰɲʱ䣬Χ۵ĵؾ˵Ļ뻮һغͬһںţʲôһ㲻ö֪ˡ
ʱؾ峤˫ֽ棬Ĭƹָð漴һڣؾǵĻ
ӽԺλǵؾԶѡؾ峤ЦŵԲͨȻɵؾϷ롣
峤ԺǲǰæأһһתٺЦؾڵصأ˵Ժõǵʱ
ؾ峤˼һǵؾѵõħɭصطӲԽ½ķ֮Уǡ
ʲôһ׷ʵǵؾطҪǰƨæ
ѵǵԻĵأǻҪȻҲġؾ峤
һһۣϼһֱڽϻҪǻ˹ͷ˵
ʱؾ϶峤˵峤ʱˡ
ؾ峤ͷԲεʯ̨ߴ˵һ೤е㹦ס
˵֮еĵؾʼΧظ裬ţʣƻãŮɳƻ߿ظҲƮһһߵʯϣǰһУֲʵĸо
һ˿Լط壬ײײûоЩؾĸЩְ
ȴͨ죬ײأʵļһ
һһ㶣ǰ˶ʼŸоһŵʮ⣬ٺһЦ˵⣬⡣
һûʲôˡϸؾĸһ翿ĸоһһٴ죬ת͸УƺĳַǳصĽࡣ
Щ֣оͦġ˵
һЦЦüͷ΢ɲ壬֪ǲǴָܾһЩƴߵЧ
ؾظسּ˶Сʱ֮ɢ˿ΧߡʱʼеؾŮʼýƳɵǰش塣
һȻǱ뵽˵ؾ峤ԼϵߣǿȫһһĶ໥һȥ仹Űɫĭеġ
峤ǣһɻʵ
ؾ峤ЦǺǵһӣڻϿ˿Ȼ֨һҧýζҧߵس棬ζʮֻڼ״ʱܳԵǲҪԡ
һһ񺮣ȻǰִʱΪҲԹߣ룬ʱֲΣͷ񾭲Żȥֶء
廷ΧһЩسԵðֱĵؾθͻȻһӿǸ鷨ʦƽʱýʬҪȻѹƲס
ǻǳԲϰߣԼϻгԵģ԰ɡһЦŵ
ؾ峤Ȼ԰࣬ȻǾͲǿˣͺȵǵؾõºˮưɡ
һŵؾ峤ĽƿǱ򻹴̱ǵζЦǵؾþ̫ˣǿ϶Ȳ˵ġ
ؾ峤һЦ˵ƷǳңҲֻǵؾó
һһЩεĵؾϣٺһЦŷߵһߣؾ峤־裬еܣǴڵصΪǵ̫ˣǵؾϵǸ򵥵
һĿռָ׼˴ʳڵһϼɽ䣬ͳƿƣԱȵؾǵ磬ֱһһڵˡ
һҧһ۵Ļ⣬һ¥ļƷѴٲʱسԳԱ߷С˵ĶǿɰҲ˲òһﾪ˵Ӧ´ʱʬɽѪҲԵ˯ɡ
ͻȻһӰ৵һһ˵ǰǵ۾ŵϵζֱð̹⡣һڣؾϱץһ̲ȣͶ̥Ƶٶʵ̫ˣţڴҲøʰ·ɡ
һתۣϵĲȱؾһɨ⣬˸ãһеľƿȥ֮¶һЦģֱոո߳һ㡣
˵ϣ㲻ȥǵζԸһ
ؾЦˣƤƤԵøͰ͵һֱЦΪϺͿˣǵؾصףԵĶôĶóԡ
峤ƺôΪһٺЦ
ؾЦݣԶĵؾ峤̾ᣬԺͻ׵ġ
һһۣࣿӶһˣ㹻үү˰ɡ
ǵؾƽĺü峤ڲʮ꣬Ȼˡؾϵ
һЩƽˣΪɶôأЩȴóã޿ɱĴǻۣ־ûʲôˡ
ʱͻȻһζ˸߲ʳĵؾڵأһװĳ˻ӵصĳطǺдŵİһ嶼ؿڳѹһʯһ㡣


176 


ؾܳɫһ䣬¶Ȼ֮ɫ౻ڵϵĵؾǸǲ§һɪɪƺһ㡣
ôʱ䲻ǻû𣿡ؾ૵
ʱؾ峤ȴߴһ󴮵һӻתȥˡ
һסؾʵ⾿ô£ǺǺֹ﷢
ؾһ̾ɫЩӣӵص֮еĻޣǻħ裬ÿʱǶҪʮ˶ͯͯŮƽϢ޵ŭҪȻǵؾһ̼ͻᱻ𡣡
һĿ࣬һȻʵǲô޻Ҫ˶Դǣ
ؾҡҡͷ̾һ˵ǰǵؾԶǻˣʮͯͯŮܹ׸ǵҫ
ŵؾſɿЦϵĻƺЩԲ԰
ؾɫһͣЦҡҡͷ
һȴʮַŭһԵʮһ͵˵Ϊֱǻ޴֮ʱʮ˶ԵؾͯͯŮӱ̧˳ͷʪܵġȻڴæ֮ԡˣǴ͸¶ž벻ȴֵûп֡
ؾ峤˼һֻĶ鿪ʼǰнһȺؾ޺׷˶ĺ棬Ȼʮ˶ͯͯŮؼˣĻȴؽǴڵأֻؿԼĶŮȴΪ˻ѷεĿ޺һ嶼ᡣ
ؾϸϵ˶ǰ棬һȴβڶĺ棬ǵ뿴ǻǲǳͷۡ
Ŷڵͨתҹգƣǻ޵˻šĩѰǿƾӭ
ʱתһͨ¶Ȼʮʮȣ·һ±Žһ޴һ㡣һ֪ǰӦþǻ޵Ϣˡ
ʱͣ뻮һعȥؾ峤볤Ҳ⡣һĿȥֻͨľͷһɫӣʱҽɽȵ֮ӿ˴ﵽⶼҪһ㡣
ֻؾֱǿצһ˫ʮͯͯŮ˼£ȻֳǽҽһָʱͯͯŮĻվȥ
һ˫Ŀǵؾ飬֣ؿЩؾСͶҽʮֲ
ʱһͯͯŮѱ߸һ˫ĿȻĩü룬ͺһ˳ȥڰлһӰ˫һץѳ֮ƵһС㱻УҲÿҽ֮Դһֻɫľ޴
룿һͺһЩţķǳйеĻ룬ţβ㣬ϻһɫƬͷϳһļǣǶʻɫ
ǻȻʮһ˵ʳһһڳȵҽеһ
һһƽҽɢһХҽеĻ롣ͬһʱ䣬ǬŲ˻ضڣɷ˵ŻһԵؾСԭȵ̧ǵС
ؾ峤ؾòָһİ˵
Ӳһһŭҽзţصͨʼضɽҡʯ׷ױôӶ
ؾҲ˲һ˵Ƶܵ÷ɿ죬գۼʣһˡ
һһۣһЦʼ磬ջһ£һɲˣֻǻҽɽ緢һǵӿ
һֽһһѩطסڣȴֵֻ˰벻ˡӿҽһһƮ˫ۻӰͺȵȴǧҶơлȴǧҶϵħں壬һһ飬ֻӰ뾢֮ıɫķϵħسнӶγһ޵Ƶľٶ죬ǿ
ǿӿҽһ޵סֱӽЩҽõɻȥ
ʲôħ循̾ʵһղдȴǧҶƵʽʵ̫ƯˣƮ鶯ŲͬƵֱ۸̾Ϊֹ
һٺһЦҪ𻰣һɽһһѱŷ壬˲䱻ʯͷˡ
һ磬ֻһŷʯмƮڰУǳվһҽɵ˻ϵĻš


177 ս


һЩ֣й֮У뱻ΪޣôĻײأ
һƮڿţӴľѣƾǧȵҽȪݣʵ;ڿޣҪһΡʱѽһͭĴעһȻ¶Ȥɫǽһ˵ˡ
һԱ߷С֣Ȼһע⣬ͨϿܣҿһﲻ̫öԸ
һһصһ鶯Ĵر¶뷨ǾǾ뿪һ벽
һĿֻ̰ҷģ㻹ܵĹϵڶû˸ϵһ
ƲƲ̲סһЦһƤҲ̫ˣܶ˵ôֱ׳ҲǲصŮˣȻħѴﵽħʿļ𣬵භǲǵģٻֲɣһͱҽڽˣ˵һҲһäĿΣţӦǲİɡһͷˮ
ʱʧȥԣһ˾߳ȵҽŮɢһ㼤Уǳߵ¶Ҫȼ޿϶һе·ˡ
һȴǺٺһЦڻĹ׼һѾ޽ӿռָлڶĴ߶õصâ
֮·תһͳڿɽлص޽ڿм黮ţһȦȦӨıγһСС硣һĽһָǺХŽҽȥȵҽ˲䱻һıѸײڶ֮ƺ˻룬ļֱӽҽ档
һ延
һȴһֽ򱻷סضڣȥ
ӦһոռʶһĹз࣬ռٻëָʾʼڿͨ
ëʬǿټϷϵħһͨ·
һȥʼһɫȴЩɷףͷҲʶһһţоͷĿѣġոʩչĺ֮·ת򵥵ˮϵħԪ붷ںϣ仹˷ϵħԪأҪȻǿħںϾ͹ˣοһһνħ붷ںϡǷȱȻô
ůİתȫһʼͷεĸо˲١ȻûдҽиһŸղԼعشҲֻǽʹ˶ѡ
һǱͨͨǬŲܳȥӦûɣֻˣǵؾҪˣ˵ҲǳģֹؾҲûˣȻһôƨأ
һˣѹߵͷʱһʼȻĩȫභȴĩΪԼ˿ʤ㣬ԸǱ۰һ˼ˣ˼ȥΪǻϵƣɽأаһʼϢӰʼĩսȰܵ뷨
ͻȻ·ҽһڣӴ𣬻ɫҽƬл䣬̧ͷһǳս˫һ˿Իľ档
һʱ뷨ȴȫı䣬뷨ڣȡ֮Ǹ߰ս⣬ѪҺҲ˷˷ܵݵĶڲ
һɣó汾£Ӳ·ˡһٺЦֱָҽ֮ϵĻ롣
ƺһĵ٩ŭһʮҽڶ𣬾ڿ໥סһ濴һʻȻ䣬ʻ˲£㴩һ壬һ䡣
һ䵭ɢڿ֮УԭֻһĲӰѣһǬŲƴӰΧʯϵһǡ
һǲĸİӾǸĸģ廨ıµͦһٺЦ϶˻
ȴǱŭˣûҽֱɶ𣬴һţһڻɢ߳һȥ
һǬŲƵϣٶȱҲй֮޲ǣĻٶȾҲҪǺ׷ٵһ總֮һһҳʷɢ״ֶ࣬һٵƶ¶кüձϡ
ù£³һ𣬻ߵһһʱȴǿ֮ĩ
̵һһֱ۱һ߸ˣǿһĻһٶȿʼԽԽĻ߲壬ȴһĻ㽫һסˡ
˶Ļ߲ƣһĻѸٱģǱߴ͸ֱڿƤ֮ϡ
һȫ䷢ʹȴҧ촽ûдг
𡣡һԺ˳ʣֻߺ͵ؾǻףĻԲ࣬˺˵꣬봩͸ȴ֪ЩĶٱΪ뾫ѵֵס
ܵյĸоΪߣһĸܸΪУ˵ʹ˶ܵʹࡣ
һǿûʹʹŤΣȫؽ¶ָؽڶյ÷ˡ
һʹҲ֮ѪϵĿ֪ϵҪһʱһҲʵ̲סˣڰԪռĿٻ˳
һ̱Ϊ״̬ڿУ޷ϻѽ׵ϵĽ׽ٺһЩĻ룬ֻͻȻֱ۴ֵ׵磬ص׿ռյһƬס
ȫͻȻ͸Ļ棬Ӳؿ˿䣬ʯȴǳסǿĽ乥µҽҲڷšһסż尾ǲ⣬Ƥⱻӵ죬ŵһɿζ
˵խĿռüңһʯϣ걻ϵĻţǰľ񶼿ʼζ·׷ɶµʯͽϵҽĩ
һһҧԼһЩʮȻ뿴üңɵģûóȫè׽һϷˣء
һŭˣˣ˵걻յЩˣòһ˿ĿС
ʱһ𽫿޻õײʯϣϾ¶һģһͳŻ˲䣬ߵ徹ƾʧʹ̼عǱ뱬ǬŲƵٶȾǱ֮ǰ˺ü
ڻ뻹ĩӦһϣŤĿЩһҧ˻ͷΧĻɫĤΪֻطҧöطǱȽʯӲƬ


178 ʶеĺӰ


һȫһҧɵҧ˻һɹȵҺӿһȴ֪Ѫ
һĺˣΧĤΨһ㣬µҺȴѪҺǻľڣǻϵĹӦվһɲ֪ô࣬ʶѴڰ״ֻ̬֪ݺݵҧסš
ţȴգֱ޿ˡȫð͸Ļ棬ҪҽһʹҧøӽˣÿһҺϵʹܻ⼸ʱʼ
뱩ŭһͷ˵»ҽ֮С
Ҫһһ˻ѷεĿ޺˸ղŵǸͨԶܵ˵ؿǵĻǷĲǱ˻˭֪һڱ㿴ⱯʽһĻ
̱ͣڵϣߣƱӲ˺Ƭƺᶼô
УʯĿų˳СС˷ߣͷԼϵ˿ڡڵҽؽû¶˵顣ΪѪĹϵܸܵ˻š
ֱͻȻҽħըһĽ˻
ҵһҡЪ˹Ĵš
ɹáĽƣߣµҽȻһ㷴ӦûС촽ţտĴ۾һƬҡ
ģһġţƴҪ˵Լ
ģġҡͷԺиֳһʶһĻĻΣһʼеʶֵһȾƴڳ⣬̸˵Ůˡ˱һ˯ϴʱԺĽΣһڷǰ֡˲ˡ
ʧǵϸͣغŵһ֡
ȻŲܰͷͷô͵Ȫ˰ɣԺиոͷ̸жǰһ㳯Źҽȥ˫ۣſ˻ô޷ˣԥȥǵĨ΢ЦôۣƺͶزңһůĻ
Ȼ׹һ٣ַ˻ȥɻ˫ۣĿıĿޣɰô۾ؽ
Щ㶣ǵȥˣôֻصˣѲСһｫŪģһжһΣξ֮Сڸոտޱҽʯŵֻһҽ׹µһĻ֮㾫㱣ûֿޡ
Լֺۣ㲻ˣվȴҧסˡ
̱תͷޣ۾¶˰οɫһ档أشܹתˣϸϸؿŴſޣɴûСһôƾճĪһĳ
ͻȻ彿һ¶ϲɫ૵һûһûΪֿ޶ͷһˮ״ĺɫѪӡǴ˵еѪСһһħӣôһˣضҲˣڻվⲻ˵һ
ϲոնߵھȻ棬һѽޱڻͷ·ץסһĵһ㣬ھϣ
һƴ˱ŴӻĤӿҺ壬ֻܼʹࡣɻȴͻȻһͷ¶ȸߴǧȵòһӣûоͻڵʣ
ɾһմʱͻȻһϵĻ߸˳ȥǷڵҽԼ˳͸澹Ҳ˲֡
ʹȻᣬһʶɿ죬ǼǵĤѸϣ˿ۼ
Լ䣬һǰƺһӰһԺȴͬð㿴
˭һʵʶЩʣоԺʶĸо
㲻Ҫ֪ӰƮ˷ֲŮ١
ңһʵ
ӰЩŪ۾תŲƵĹâ
һü漴ǿѹסԼĺģĿһʶҪڰʱһصֽѹһֻۣǸʵĺӰ
Ͳ˭Ϊʲôʶ֮𣿡Ӱʵ
һһ㶣ԭԼʶ֮Уѹָоô֡
˵Ȼ˵ʲʲô𡣡һû
Ӱûпڣ֮ǺЦ˵˼ңҲġ
ҹ˭㲻ҵͬܵҵʵЩɶܲϳȥһ뵽ԼӰǰûа˽ЩŭԼǲҲ֪ˣ
ڳȥ¾͵ûɢˣģҲǼסģֻΪ˾ȲѽҲûȤ쿴뷨Ӱƺһʲôֱ˵˵ʵ֪һʲôһ־һļǿ̽Ѱ
һʼһЩûΣգӿʼӰǼľԼǿ϶ǼľԼϵĳӰֻһûʵĻǣѵǵʱħɭץǸ飬һܿ²⡣
һźӰǹĺܾƺ￴һ㡣Ȼ㣬ħʯֻ۾ǲǾģǼľħʯİɡ
㻹ûңҡӰͳЦʵЩëȻ
Ǳħʯﲻ˰ɡһٺЦ
Ӱ̾һһӿ϶ԼĲ²⡣
Եֵܣ㲻ҪģԺﵽϵķ񾳽磬һǸǲˡһٺЦǺӰֵ
ӰͻȻЦƮƮʧһܡ
֪Ϊʲô˵㱿ΪϲӰЦ
һûñ
Сӣ֪ӵɽ֪ãȻøʥȥӲƴңͻɢˡӰ˵
ɽһڿ˼ԼкαûǿļһףȥҲ벻Ȼ޶Ǵ򲻹ʲôסأ


179 С


һѳζǣͻȻһֱԼռָĺڰħ͹ʥĿĪӰָǣ֪ôð
ֵܣ˵ĿǺڰħ͹ʥ񣿡һʵ
Ӱ¸¹Ц˵ֻһֶѡ
һ֣ʲôһ׷ʵ¹ܲ
СӰո˵֣ȴͻȻ˵һȻֹӰҲ˻ξȻʧˡ
ιιȥˣ㻹û˵ʲôأһʶѿʼ³Ȼһع鵽˱塣
һøԼϵĺʼɢѾܵȵĸоһǲʱͻȻϳȥһһоԼ˦˳ȥ
һڶڵķһͼһ˦ϲĴлȥסɿȴһĽסǳ֮鷢ˣڽסһ֮ͻȻһͽϵһ˦˳ȥʱŷһϾȻðż͸棬͸ϵһģһ
ס屻յʹ࣬Ӳǽһ˶ڣɫƤëս˴롣ƤҲյýڡ
һҡҡλεվֻоޱȣƺϵÿһϸȼһ㡣ϵ·ѱ˻ҽʱŽð͸Ļ棬һͷڷ񱻿紵һڿƮֱ͸̫񰢲һģ
㶵һʹ飬˹ȥһǳȵĸȴҿһߵʯͷڿʼڣ֪ϵ¶жôˡ
һʼסҪըʶ˱˴ϵػϵѿʼתΪ嫵ĻϵħԪʶȥ
ҪһħˡһЦ롣Ҳ㲻ʹһЩ˷ܶһЩոôһͷ;ʶһ죬һɫħˡ͸Ļ濪ʼڣĺڷҲ˳
һһָϲ˽ĻС
һ§ס壬ط۱ȻƿΣյڿɻûء
ôܻˣôʡһŭصŷ塣ʵĻ᲻֪ΪŻġ
һµСŮͷüĿ֮˿ǿȴôҲڲˡ
ʱ֮ϣͭС۾¶ЩԻΪʲôһôͬϢ
棬ǻƺڷǱסһһûע⡣ǸϿ߰ɡ
һȴ˿ҡҡͷҪӵˣĻõȵڡ
Уˣؾô죿ҼȻˣͲܸ鵣ˣĻһһү𣿡һ˵
ҧ´ͷǵģһôܻأȻûȴһˣһ첻µزȴżǿĵˡ
һ£Ҳ˳ӣᶨһ
ʲôأôңҸ㣬ոһҪ棬һָԵֻСè䡣һԴһһģ
庬һЦ֪һڶЦԾܾòЦﻹᣬϵ¶һЦݡ
벻Ϊޣ˴죬ΪʲôһϻкͬϢˣΪȡȻŭһŶڵһڷޱֱӡ
һƵȭͷգ߳һϸϸĺ顣һﲻͣǸĺӰصļһ˵ֻ˵һ룬֪˺ڰħʥ֮⾿Ҫʲô
ڷſҪʱһҲ˲ôˣֱӴӿռָｫڰħʥ˦˳һһɢĵĺڹ׹⣬ԶƮ˿С
Ŵֱֺſе۾ﾹ¶˾ηɫ
ɫһһеʱڰħʥͻȻžһϵһ𣬺ɫâɫâʼ໥͸໥ͬһమһ㡣
һûԥеһ˼֮Ŀ¶׹⣬ǲһʼסˡ
һаҪǺڰ˵ڰħʥֻһ֣һ־ʲô
ۼ˹׼һҧأǵƴˣһԽڰԪռʮ˾߳ɷܻСϻСͨͨ˳ҲԶںڰԪռﲻգȻˣǾһսɡ
ڲ½һĹݣǧ߽߳û⣬ֻԵȴ޻룬ķñ̬ݺţһʼӲؿ˿׵ϵĽȴȻ乥һһĶǺģӰεͲһܵ
һҪЩ﹥ʱСϻСȴͻȻһ߿ԵĻȻһһ׵ͫ˳˹ĹâеħʥȻֿʯһСͷͣתȻһһâֱСһһ׵֮ͫС
𡣡СͷһĻХɢ۵ĺڰ׹âһӴѹɢ뻹Ҫ֡
âһһۣֻСһһ׵ͫ׶Ż룬ŴԴ忪ʼСձĻ롣
Сһ૵ػһ䣬СǸֻ֪ԣҲֻʩһڰħС
һĺСתͷСӣ˷ܵҡβһĹѾʱеȴ˹âžһ˵ϡ
һع񣬴ӿռָóһ·ϣСֻҿûС
СͷԴĻĻܵһĸǰһ
һòСϻС룬ħʥ񣬺ӰǾʲôϵһҪЩͷΣײؽˣȴԻˣһЩ˵еĶ½˳ƺŲ岻Ĺϵ
˵ڰħǺڰ֮ƣʥǹ֮ƣǻħӣСʲôѵҲޣǺڰĽ˳ģƺܣǺڰǻڵ
һ˼ڤʱѴӾعһ㱻ΧмһĿЩ룬һһ㾿һʲô˰㾿һǲң


180 ж


ǹСɫȻŪԺĻݲݣƺʹǰһһҲûиı䣬ֻкһʱ䣬ûнˡ
ܰССΪ˻Сı仯ȴоˣô˼ȴǳܣҪȻıӶҲܷչزСȻǺǰһһ񾲣ʱҲźǰһǳЦȴ񣬳ʱĳʱͻȻͶסˣһǺüСʱֻ΢Ц˵û¡
ܰԲ²⣬СкܴĿһйأǸضɲꡣȥʥħѧԺҹһȴ֮μðմȥˣ֮Ż
С޼һƯ񣬼żͫû˽ֻ࣬еļظͬĶƯĻ÷۴ɢһأȴȻˣһżҵţ֪ΪʲôĲ֪һһʩչȴǩ޷ѪעһҪΪū澣ĺܲġ
ǣһһҲûֻ֪μʥħѧԺ֯ðմᣬ֮ѪĹϵкüζоһΣգľ˾һʹԼ˵ΪһҲˣԲŵĵġһڴطϣľƺһЩ⡣
һԵܰҲȥˣǰ׽סСһѶȥϵļ
磬ʲôСع񣬲Żܰԡ
ҸʲôԼ׷ʲôˣǲһǸС۸ˣҾȥʡܰŻǵ
СҡҡͷǳЦ磬ں˵ʲôһô۸أ
ƭˡи㰲ȫļλŮħʦͽʦ˵кü㶼нһ֡ܰ˵
Сһ죬תаҲûУһˡ
ܰ̾һ˵Ȼһû۸㡣һϲ˼ˣǲǣ
СһɫͻȻɷסϲڻʸȥϲֻū澶ѣһū澡
硣СͻȻ
ʲô£ܰʵ
һðմϻԺ͸ɣʲô£ֻҪ˵С
Сã㿴ʲôܰʵ
뽫ʵ֡С˵꣬ת˷ڣֻ·㶵ܰԶԺڡ
һع񣬴ӵʰڰħʥ񡣷ֲûʲô仯ѵ˵̺޾ħֻСôЩӦǵкιЧһȻö֪
һ㵽׻жܷûʹطͻȻĵ
һתЩķ壬ǰ§뻳У˵һжܷⲢҪҵ𣿡
һеͷǿеġ
ֻҪԶװһŮһ˵£˫ۣڻС
ɲʱжĪֻԺжôѣֻҪһûʲô˵ء
彿СԴһůĻвţֻһӾôһֱǧɻʯҲôţǸöð
㲻ϲҲ˵ˡһٺЦ
ҪϲҪÿ춼˵ҪŮҪࡣ૵
ãҾÿ춼˵˵һӣ˵ΪֹһЦŨŨܰ
˵أ׼ڡ
ڡ
˾ô˵Ļ·ƬֻʣСԼˣ㲻Ϊʲôôһѵǲ
Ҳ֪˶ãһСʱСʱǸãŨ״̬·ֿ
һħɭץ黹ڲڣͻȻʵ
ҵĺڰԪռ㡭Ѫ飿һܣ̷˷ͼұѪʲˡ
ţֻǿôܴأЦŵ
ðɣ㻤һ˵ŴӺڰԪռｫų
ϲ֮أȵұܣһҪߣΧô֣ڴˣһɴǼɱˡ
ɿס飬ָϣǿнѿʶĨȥǻȴȻڣ߾ѵĲϽѪƳɹһĳһǳɳԵģܳɳʲô̶˭Ҳ֪
£Żɬƺһ֪ƷЩ̫һð˵ĺȻտ˫ȻһѪǰ飬ûʵȴֵıѪȾͨ졣
һû¶ԾɫΪ֪ƳѪҪԼľѪΪ龫еǱڷڸдʮ˵СʱͬʱҪ벻ͬĲϣĻԼһЩĶЩӦв١
ѪȾ鱻ŵҽд˺üΣǽƳɰɫռָŪʮ뼰ϡٵ֮һΪʼںϡ
ʱѵ˹ؼʱ̣ѪĳɹǼ͵ģԲʩߵҪ󶼷ǳߡ彫ǿںϣַ֮дʮСʱ֪֮ɹʮСʱ֮ڣ˿أҪȻǰ
һڷߣΧ˾磬˵ǻĵ̣ӦûʲôҴġ
ʱһһĹȥˣʮ˸СʱһζЩ·ĵؾû˶ܹ˺üΣһľסһҲȥǡ
ͻȻХһеԽԽһ̧һӰӴһŨصѪϢǵصӿһԷĻС˹̬
ɹˡ延һվȴΪķѾ޴һαҪ£һۼֿ콫§˹
Ϣ˺һŻָһЩһ˵һǻȥɣڵصʵ̫ˡ
һͷˮ޺ޣŮһǱ嵽˵ºҲ˵
ʱ򣬻ȴôҲߣͣؽţһֶ˵ʲôﻹĶ
ͻȻҽһʱû˶
һ˼ӣˡûģĻͶһǿްԸҲǿǰɣСǻô죿
ɾʱҽͻȻһƬڣʯڵҽ񱻾˿澹Ȼ¶һʯš


181 ŮҲ˫̥


һ𾪣û뵽ҽ¾Ȼң˭ôɶ칤ļѵЩؾ
ʱʯͻȻһд˿һʯſڣһǵͺƺڽǹȥ
һҪҪȥһʵ
Ȼѵ㲻֪Ҫȥ𣿡һٺЦڶѡ񣬿л·ӦûʲôΣյġ
һģ˽ֻСޣű˹ȥһȥʯűԶˣͨԵħͬһʱħװãһǵֻڻçԭʧ֮Ǽ
ͨܳ˰춼ûߵͷ֪⻨˶ٵ˺һͻȻͣһЩɻⲻǻûߵͷ
ֻ볯ߵʯһʯ̳߻ȥһ۵ĺ͸ʯȫ򿪣һʼȼܵĻ棬ȵӭ˵ͨĻ棬ͻ֮ǻһȼġ
ߣǸߣһﰵޣ˵ЩĻ档ص˵Ĵ˵˼άйԵģ˽ͨҲΪͨľͷĿڡ˭뵽ͨذ·أ
һƽ׵ʯңʯϵʯڽԱյͨ죬ȴֵûڻʯÿһطȼŻ棬Ҳŵĵط˵˻֮ûˡ
һɻ󣬻ΪʲôǴʱҲ֪ʲôأʯȼյĻ澹Ȼóһ·һǰоȻ¶һصһһ׵ʯݡ
湻ӵģ֪ʲôһȵ˵
˵һأһٺЦ
һһۣΰɡҪҲ˧硣
ЦŻʯףʯײͨô߲ͷֻж̶ʮס
һǰһʯſʱȴоһӭǰľȻһ쳣ҡװΣȻһŮҵ룬ѵ汻һһˡﾹסһˣֻһõصףʵ̫ˡ
ѻ졣û
ӦϲȵŶԣֲʲô¡һٺЦ
˽ȥһĹˣͫȻŴ󣬲㾪
ۣƯŮˡ循̾˿һŴ𾪵ӣΪǱɫסˡһ⣬ɫǣһߵѣ㱻Գʲôˡ
һʹݺڷѣŮһյؾһٴĵ૵ʵ̫ˣֱһģһ
ʲôһģһʵ
ڱԭϵıر֮Ůĵһģһһ˵ϴеķȣζһģһ
һǰһֻצڵزץץЦ붼һҲڱ֮ŮزҲץһѡ
Цõһ⻵һҲ߯ˣûĵҲҪһѵıԼĻ𣿷徹뵽ⷽ棬ն޵øϼһ㡣
һԺȴתŸͷѵ֮Ů񳤵һģһŮǻ񣿻ȻҲǸĸģֻǣɽׯͷһˮһ񣬿զͳһģһأѲ˫̥̫ˡ
һһѽСĻ˵ͷϵļʵΪ˿ɡ
ؽƺҪһʲô
һΣ»룬֮ԲϸӦΪߵɣΪˡֻЩְ
һʼ˼һǰʧ֮ǵĺڰռ￴˺ڰ֮ĵ񣬺ڱ֮Ůĵֿǻĵһ񣬾ڿ˴˵лħӻ֮ҲֻΪЩνֻһЩһ̶֮˵ġֻǽӶĿЩνĵһܾƺһЩεĶ
ֵı߷ڵصĵˣ˭ôͻڵص׽ôһ뷿Ȼ󽫻ĵŽ뷿סһ
һŲһƨ˷ڴϣһɵܽһıһǻˣһű֪ζŮϵ㣬һЩϡ
ΪȷԼжϣһõǼһţζƢ
һñ̬һŽţЦ
һЦЦֵҲš
ҪΪһ忩Ц
Ҹ˵أζǲŮϵġһ
߹ڽţȷʵŵһɺܵرζ˵ζҵŵˣǲŮϵҾͲ֪ˣɫǾôḻ
һһѳ壬ͷľһһûȻ̫һŮϵζ
ǡҵĺŻϵĺšʵ
һһִۣļϣǰֵʱһѵͲ𣿡
֣ʲôֵģʵ
һŷıӵô䱿ˣȽϴһ㡣
ĵһ֣ǻ㡣ô˵ǿʼȽˣһһ֪˵ʲôˣô϶ζŮϵģ֤ⴲһŮ˯ڻŵõζ˵ŮӲǰ˯ⴲǲǰ
һǡһٺЦڷĴǲһ¡
ұͺܴ˿佱ķ˸߲ҵЦŮΪʲôһ̾ͻΪأΪϰԵؽ鶪ˣҲϰԵؽһжãӶʱĳЩʧȥһж
ˣ˵׻˭סأһʷ壬
ҲһǴŮ˵йкڰ֮񣬻ˮûϵû񰡣Щ֮ϵһȽУ˵Ů񽻺ã԰ӻɨء࣬ͻȻЦ
һ㶣ٺЦĩ̫ḻ˰ɡ
һҵŵ㣬֪𣿡ѧһٺЦҲһģһ
ѧ˵PPһڷѩ˼£ǵʮţһһڸꡣ
Ŷ㡣۴ţһŶ³տһĵ̲
һһͣ§ŷȥ˳ֱ㽫ʸ


182 ط


һ㡭ʲôһƬĿ˸ţһŷͨͨС¹ײ
һִԵĿעŷ壬ֱḧܵ΢΢ڵĽЦʲôѵ𣿡˵ţͷ£Ŀŷ΢ŵķ۴
ɲʱЩңһ˫ֲ֪ðںδЩȴЩ֣̿ѽԼΪһŮˣҲ׼׸µͷֻ̲סңҪҪ
һ˫ڷĴϣӺһһƬհףе뷨׵ȥˡ
˼ƻӵţţ޲ýԷԼ
䣬¶ѩ壬׳˫ȻͦʵֳԡһЩ˫һţԥغס˷嶥һŷۺӣҡ
尡һһԵ˱鷿ˣֻеӿһĸԵĹԣ˫ֲһŨܵĺڷУԼ
˸ɲһҪһʰʱһͻȻһеغëеⷿһ˫۾עǡ֮һýķ
һ岻һ
˭һͺһ䣬Ѹ·ƿᣣʯȴֵֻС뻹пޡ
һ۾ϸоһ¡ֱӵĸоʧӰˡ
ѵЩؾһ˵ЩؾܴҽʯŽҲųĵصͨһַܿ²⣬ЩؾܸëȻĸо
һ𣿡ڽѸٴŵʵ
ҵĴˡһҡҡͷСǣ룬ǵظоԼҪǶûоǴ
һüͻȻʶеĺӰǱ̬ɣҲ֪Ůȥĩ̫ˡ
һոô룬Ժо˼̶ĹЦһźӰ⺣֡
Ȼ㡣ȱ¹̬͵񡣡һʶ
Ӱһ˭뿴£ҿҶӶġ
һҧгݣ޿κΣ˭ʲôˣϴΪ˵һˣҲ˱ӡ
Ϊ˶ûкôֻҪҵʱľҲûа취˵ڲǻúúõ𣿡ӰЦ
һŻȻԭӰҲܵԼʶ⻹á
˵ֵܣôʱ䣬һǼʶˣ㿴ĵ񵽵ǲ˵еĻΪʲôͱı֮Ů񳤵һģһһһתʵ
ӰͻȻĬˣûд𻰣һͷʱ򣬺ӰЦֿǵߵǵǰȫһұ֪ˡ
һɻ󣬵պӰ˵ߵǰ棬ͷʼ
Ҫ©κεطκεطҶ޷ǺģӰһʶв
һһûʲôŵͷرҸ£βȼ˽
һڸʲôһصɽ
һعͷЦҼ飬ûʲôܡ
ûһһͷ˸飬ÿһطˣʵˣڿʲô˰ɡ
ӰͷٺЦˣǸˡ
ǲǴ˵л񣿡һʵ
ţƺЩ죬һʱ벻ˣԺٸ㡣ӰٺЦ
һоӰƺڴˣء
˵ˣҲʶˣ˳㣬ˡӰ˵꣬㻯ΪһӰʧˡ
һһˣȻ˵
ʱСϻСͻȻ˶䣬һͺҲ˴ˡ
ȴǺվĿ¶׹⣬˴ػصطʯų˳ȥ̱ͣʱ洫Ůļ
һͷ嵱ɫһ䣬ۿ͹һһ˳ȥеҪ
Խһڼ˻ȥŲԶӰ
һһӰȻںгɢˮգ޺޻ŮʱŮԵЩǱңӦǳ˲ٵĿͷ
ŮһҲͬʯ״̬㶵İλزֻίȴһһεػ
硣޺޷ţͻȻɱͶһĻסš
Сã£һһ§ס޺޵磬һֲϵḧ㷢
磬һΪһҲˡ޺һĻĵһʧ̬ˣֻбһеظоůҲֻůɢĵĿ־塣
ɵѾͷǶԲ㣬ûúñ㡣һ
޺һĻҡͷðƽЩشһĻĿڵһ
磬ڲŷ֣ԭ㻹ÿġ޺ͻȻЦ
һΪһֱ֪أһٺЦĿ˲Զǿˮˮſ˫۵λŮø籧
ˮҧҧ̲סɱһĻУȴʧĿһɨš
һأɳʵô࣬Ҳһһȴ
ˮյһȫһ죬ȴһҲ˵¿鷳ˣ˧һ±˷壬һŮˣ֪᲻Ϊܲ˴̼ιȥأ
һ˰춼˵ڡ
ôˣôˣû¶Բԣһ˱飬Ϊʲô⣬¶ʱš
һګګ֪λشͷʯţҵȥ
ʱʯͻȻˡ
硣ϲĴһ˹ȥס˷壬ԣ硣
һֱķ壬ЦѾͷڸʲô
ǸһҪƿצһϵ˭֪ȴĵıסţһĻ
Ʋټб̾һСְοıš
޺˱һ§һһˮգپˣһһֻ֣ˮƹȥһ㣬ҲһůĻС


183 ǻ


߽룬ĲǾĵ޺һ̾ʱˮǷʲôˣôһʵ
Ůһۣһµı飬һߵˮջˡ
ԭʱǼۺǽŮûüӦ㱻˽ȥһʱֻͷʣƴȴһöûУñںˮǿѹ˹ȥҲ֪˶ã㷢һµͨͨļĵºǸոձˮûˮһֱܵĿܣˮ·ʼͨ̽Ѱ˭֪ͨһԹƵģһŮʧ˷ֻ֪ͨҴܡʧ򲢲µģµֲͨǿħأкüζŮ޻أǾô񾭸߶ȽŵڵͨнһξһڣŮĿռָﶼʳˮҪȻǶЩأҲڵͨ޺޲֪ʲôأŮ˳ʯڱܵߣû뵽ȴһˡ
һ꣬к񣬾Ȼܹµײ꣬ò˵Ƕôˡ
ʱ޺Ҳһ˵ؼ
һǺ˵˴˵еĵؾһ壬Ϊ׵޻룬ȻȥǷһΡΪӷ岢֪ʵݣȴ֪֮С޺Ҳ֪Ůһһ쵱⼸ܹþޱȣɴԴԣŮʱؾ侳һ㡣˵һο»ڻ
һЩһ±㾲ҷ·һ龰ûлع
硣ǿصɣĲڵصˡ޺סһ䣬ǹϵķʦǲϲʪĵصס
ǰǿȥɣʵڲ˴ĵطˮսŵ༸˷׷׸͡
ˮʦӴ͵ϮҰһʹһסˮϵС֡
żŮˮյһ죬ʵһظ飬ֻǳڲȷŮ֡һؼʱ̱ʶӱܣڵµЩԼģ˵һߵŮԽԽ࣬µһĶһϯ֮ءʱһˮʦЩˣ˵ڵΪһûʲôƺȴԵòܣһֱӳƺ֡ڼŮעȴôҲ˵˿ڡ
㣬áˮյͷһûģһʵЩĪԳƾḻĻ֣Ůǧ򻯵˼ȴҲ׽͸
ˣȻôȥǱȥɡһ˵ٴο˿뷿ĵҡҡͷż˳ȥʵ̫ףǹǿ˵ػԲܸǳȥ
˶߳ʯŵʱǰ·ĻͻȻͣͺһִܽʯţʯһˣһ
ǹɣǿô찡µ˵
أʲô飬Ȼͻġһ˵СϻССȴҡҡͷ
ûȶãʯִˣ˳ʯٴһˡһʯŴ򿪵ʱȥע⵽ǽǵĵܾ̫Ծ
ǰ·һȴ˳˼֮УţһĴȣĴһﲻԾˣƣƲԣսȥʱǵǰں󣬵ոǵȴƽеġ
һĴн˶һŵܡ
û£û£ֻǸոһЩ飬Ҽ·һٺЦЦȴԵЩǿ
ǵĪǻģһ㷵ǼľħʯĺӰǵȫˣоͲɴһôǿǴ˵еĻ񰡣ӸˣǺոնѻ˽ȥѲСĴȡԼ
һ˼ʱ䣬ѽǴҵµʯſڡ
ǽߵķ֮ĳˣμ޺Ůһ̾
ڿն𣬷ɹ˻ɫҵ˶ͨڡԼס˲֪ĵطҲһ˵Ĳȥ
һŸĻ룬һѵԼĲ²ģҪȻһʼûԸ뿪ôָأ
һתһ룬Լ˵ԼģҪԼֺαصȵأСȻСʵʹԲơֻҪ𣬼һҲ군
뵽һ࣬Ǻܿͨľͷһµľơһ޻ؾƱ㷢һӵؾǿһ˳һ㶡
ʱһ˳ӵؾһͺһӵؾ룬ϥһɪڵ϶ͣﲻͣǵ˵ʲô
ǵؾǣǳúó󰡡ˮպشſڵһְֳĵؾ˵
Ǻǣ۲һˮʦɫĴ˷۵ġһЦŵ
ˮպһһۣԼɫȴְϲ
һǰһؾõؾ˵ų֣ļ֮һ˼ǽлȴΨһԵĵؾϽй
ؾҲһ̵ˣĵؾȻſڵϷͷ̧
ʵһһֱףΪʲôҪʳؾͯͯŮأһֻޣӦˣѵΪ˴һЩʴСʻ롣Сǿһ˼ģһȴС˵ʲô
СŻ뼸ͺӦڷˡ
һίسһţԴͣҡţ·һԩһ㡣
ѵǣһɻǻ᲻ؾأһҲûҪ̳ôݹ᾵ĵؾС춼ء
һţԶһŲؾ峤ؾϴһ֧Ķ
ؾ峤ؾϿһűߵ룬ͨ˴еĵؾһޱ޼ʣⳡ滹׳۰
еĵؾﶼдʣΰϵĻϵޡ


184 


ȵؾһײΰʽǰСʱˣؾϿѱضһߣһĿһ˿ȡ
ؾƺƴؽһһӭصԼСп޶ܵߵĴ
ؾʹһ˵ԼͬѾҵͬʱʾȥԸ
ؾϵͷʵʥأ
һԱ߻Դõؾ峤һЦӦûһ߰ɡ
ؾ峤볯һ£ʱǹǻ룬ڹõĶȴһ
ūŲ֪ʹ߼ݵ֮ǰеʹˡؾſڵϰݵΪĸԸڲ˶ǻʹɡ
ʹߣһüϵһתָı⣬ȻǵǻʹߣԺ˰ɡ
ţǵؾǲǿ԰æأһɤӣһ
Ǹǡؾ˵
ǲҲֻħɭ֮أһٺЦʡ
ūŲ֪ǻʹߣеֻлʹʲôطǵؾһȻؾϹ˵
һʱüЦޱʵڻ㣬һؾͿΪˡ
ʱһͻȻ˵ӦҪ½ľ˵Ǳؾϣ⺧ؽ½˵һ顣
սÿʱȱٲսؾϳ̾ƺид
һɲܵؾϸ̾ʲôļŮȲȥر飬ʱҲˣǵóȥˣ·
ؾϵͷʵǳȥ֮Ҫȥ𣿡
ȥ磬뵽ȥһЦ
ؾɫһ䣬˵ǻǱȥˡǱڼǰ㱻ռ죬ǿǲö˵رһ˼ҲҪü֡
壿һͼŮ뾪¶˷֮ɫ尡ǿǴ˵в½ǿ
壿ϣȷ𣿡һʵ
ԹǴڵģԼءһٳоʿֻڡħɭֵ⼸֪Ϊδǵ̻ܳǻǱȥΪؾȰ
һţȻ֪ǰ壬ܲȥʶһ£ǿһ°
ؾϼһ˵ɫ֪Ȱ˵ãһǻʹߡлϵ޻룬ʹˣҲҪڻɡ
ؾԴһͨͨһ·Ļһ˴Ϊ̾ؾ岻ǻصصı棬ҵͨͨҪ빥Ҳȵ컹ѣǾۼ˵ؾ弸Ѫ
һصĿһͷص濪ʼƬ泯߻Ŀ֮룬ڵЩӵһȼ۾
һһӦĹߣʱŷͨھа֮ߣҲ˵ڵص澹а֮øֽûҲԺƣ治֪ؾôġ
еĵؾϻӻ֣һڿնɲ˵棬صؾĿѣԡ
֨֨غˣһ϶
ؼˡ˿ϲڲݴбܣо仰˵úãʧȥ˲ŶӵеĿɹ
磬Ҫȥ𣿡޺ʵ
Ȼ֪νȻ֪˾һҪȥҪȻڤĿһͷе
Ҫһʥ㳬ɵġ޺޿Ц
Ѿͷǲǣһ۴е޺ޣʶض޺̵ͦСƨɾǼƣƺƨɴϰˣ֮Żع޺޿ǴˣƨƺЩʱˡ
޺޵ļȻֹһƬͨ죬һħƣһ磬ᡣ
ڲݵϸžΥ⣬ÿ˵ҲƱҫһƬá
ˮ޺һһҰһߣһˬʱ˾Ǻð檶̫ˡ
޺Ա߼𿿽磬ͻȻһЦ
СãЦʲôһʵ
޺ǲ֪һ֪ԱͲ㡣˭۸ҡ
һݸһЦԴ޺ް۾ʮһس硣
һȴ׽ЦԼв࣬ݺݵһۡʱΪ˲ֱֻ̼ݣЩˣԭİõؿһеġȴ˸ռˡ
ۣۣۡСһȻ𡣼ŮҲվһ塣
ǸôҲˮվ
£˲ǵġһο
ʱһĴͷֳ˲Զһ˺۾һԲԲһǹ˹
ŮƯֻи߼ħʦȼץסأϾֻʣһС뻹пޡ
˻ߣһǲþжĴͷ֣ԴͷǱ̬̳һеش컹Щ£֪ڳɳʲô̶ˣ޳ɳȥضҪһ̵
ͷָֻܵ޵ƣЩɵزҹֻίС۾һ
һֻªĴͷ֣еƺûж⡣ֳеļŮɣ³
Ů棬һ󣬾ͷûж⣬ªҲϲ
һҪ˦𣿡ˮʵ
ˣŰɡһ˿ͷֿͰ͵ЦҲ㲻ΪʲôͷôϲǣѵΪŮԵʣ
Դˣһǰ·ͷֱڲظţʱһߵù콫˦˿ɲһûس
ô˰죬ɫذ˵ĶӿʼſˡһѰһطӪȼ
̰ԵСûгԵһĿ⣬һԸͬ˳ȥûһùӴηɻģצһԵҰζӴħҲССҰǽһóʦˡ
ԶĴͷڼһѵҰζˮֱ̻鲻Խǰ˼ȴСƸ˻ȥһת۱Сҡͷβسһ
ˣӸˣӦ㡣һСԴЦ
һҪԽлˮסһҲʼŮ˵ĳԴӳһĽл
磬ҲҪԡ޺Ҳ̾ͬ
һǺЦӦУʼǿĳʦʵֻ濾ƣֻ濾лԱߵϻһſ˶ʮֻãһȫϯ


185 ͻ


ζܿƮɢŨһֱ˵ıǵθв濹鲻ѣˮܿƵһӿ
Ǵͷָǲˮ̵ĺˮһ˳£־СƣֻֻСſϵ⡣
һĻϵħҲΪ˻ĻϵħˣħʿʵȻǵӦ֡
ʱСȴ̲סˣһոϵϣ㽫һֻҧ͡СˣҲգۼ俾ϵĶʮֻñûʣֻˡ
һνЦżֻСɰſ⣬»нлûжԡ
ʱһо˴ͷǿ񣬻عͷһۣ㽫Щû˹ȥͷ˷ܵһһֻ£ĩضſϵĶ
磬Ҳֿģͷָһֻðɡ޺ߵһ
һ΢Цŵͷһֻø׸Ĵͷ֡
ͷֳ˿ĻãͻȻԭأðβ۽ЩСС۾ﾹȻᡣ
磬ˡ޺޼𾪵û˵ħ޺ģ༸Ҳ׷ΧһʱŮԴͷַ׷ױʾͬ顣
ӣһĵ顣ˮ˵
϶ˡ޺޽ӹص
һҲЩͷֵı龹ȻԻǱ˵˶Ϊһࡣ
һͷֳ˳֣ͷ㶣Բһ̹˹һļŮʶ˼ΪͷֵʵڲҹάһȴΪ⣬ЩɵͷͷĴ룬ȴķⴥ뼫ºָоȻǳá
ͷ۽һܵı顣
ҪҪһһٺЦŻͷ˵
Ź֣϶ƭˡŮԲšûһԸġ
ҲƭأžһƲ
磬㣬᲻һڰҸ˰޺ӵ˵
һ˿ͷֵĴ죬е¡Ĵͷ˵Сӣ㲻ܱСһ𣿡
ͷƺûһĻԻ۾
һޡӴСʾһ飬ͷͶˣ˷ܵ۽һһɲʱʼСֻһ˵ԴСӿǿɰˡ
޺ܹһҮŶ
޺ôһ˵ͷˡŮҪͷͷĴ롣
һ΢ЦһĻȴŴͷֵȻôÿʳ󣬵ȴ쳣ҲԲһͨĹ
ɫԣħɭȾһƬ׵磬صشţһÿôʼڷ衣
һԼڤţͻһﶯʼݵͻ
һ˫ĿǳӶʱںڰлĹ⣬ĬĬ궯֪ǰͻƵؼּѾּһʱˣȴûôǿңҪ׵˰ɡ
һ̫ѨͻͻţھԽԽ񱩣ʼŵάά漣еӪ࣬ӪͨͣǴ
һҲڹͻǰҪܵʹ֪֮顣ͺñһֻƼĺʹĻѤõءƷƿţڵ¼ֺý罫ӡ
ԽԽ񱩣ҲԽԽŨ񣬿ʼԶάά͹һĵʹֲɢֱɢȫһͷȫɣĬĬʹ࣬ϼȵʹ࣬ܺüˣǵģȷʵܣܵһ˵Ĺ̡
ʼ״ָо˽ڵ֯һ˿һߵ˺ָоҪͨɲһڵḶ́һʧ֮ͻȻڶʱͻ˺ü졣رάάķֲܳൽٵ羱״ҪһһؽȫᴩͻƳɹ
һﲻʱطоʹʱǳ۳ŮʱˬĽ
ʱһϵħԪصĹâԺɫʢűѽ˵ˮϵ׵ϵϵϵĹâ
һɫӰͻȻһһǰһӰֻһ૵Сӣ湻̬ġ
ӰһΧ˼ȦֵϵʣħԪŨ񣬵ȴô࣬ˣҲգͰ㽫ڰħԪһ£ʱһָæء
Ӱ˵һŤΪһƺ̲סһ֣ѪɫǶŵħʯ̱һĺâķһڶһ㣬ҪеһСסһֵĺһһħʯϵĺâʼ˳źӰĺ뵽һڣֱӻΪڰħԪ뵽һʶ֮С
ʱѴ޺ŮΧһǰȷһֵ磬ʱҹȴշתྲȥͰѹƵ˿һϣĺһůĻǱĵ׼һ´һ˭֪һ߽㷢˷ǳǿĽ磬¹Ҳ˵ż֣Уġ
ʱţֺڣգһҹˣȴȻĩ˾֪һʲô飬⻹ǵġ
磬Ҷôã֮ǰҲôʱ𣿡޺ǰץס֣֪һŮ鼱֮Ҳ˱ˡ
ǵûУһӦͻƿҪȻҲ⼸ˡЦţȴʾ޺עһ¡
޺޶æɿ֣ȴˮЦһ
޺ͷתСĴͷ֣Ǻ˵˻૵ûأ֪˵˭ԿˣӦúӦǸף
޺ޣ㶼һͬԸ˸ӣ㡣ˮЦŵ
ңͷʲôãĸ˵ǲǰͷ޺Ц
ͷȴЩԻ𱾾ͺС۾ת¶ƶǶı飬ü˷׷׳棬ԵĪ޺޵Ļ


186 ԧԡ


ʱһͻѵ˹ؼʱ̣ϵħԪعâʢǽ͸յ߲ͷףѤޱȡ
ֻȵһһϵĺͻȻ˳۳˺Ӱ״̬
֣Сʲô߰ʡӰ૵ħʯ̲صĺڰħһʶС룬ɾĹͷȴһӿ˳е㲻˼顣
һϵ߲ʹâΧĿռҲһŤӰֵ֪Ĺͻˣ֨һ»Ϊһһִ
Ȼһ۾ڵ˷ͫ粨һתţΧΧħԪײը˳˷ӿȥʱԼĽ÷۴⣬һҲХһһͷĺڷڿҵ趯
ӯȫˬһЦˣڿлΪʮ˵Ӱо޽ɫĹӰӰ֯һͼȻӡϵ֡
Ӱͼش֣Ϣû˵£ʮ˵ӰҲ϶Ϊһ
һһţոһ֡;һضɽҡһ˱ըƵشӵϳһſŴը÷һһƬ־ͱΪƽأһɵͼһĹӰ֯ɡ
µ磬޺޼ĿɿڴſеһħðԼɵľ޴ƻĿԡ
һһڼŮǰЦǺǵӵס˹޺ޡ
磬޺˷ܵЦ˵
ǣҲ˭Ķ硣һٺһ˦ͷƨ
ʱ޺ͻȻÿıӣƿһ˼磬㼸ûϴ裬ϺŶ
һЦһÿΰͻ֮󶼻ڵĻֱﵽ֮۶Ԫ֮Ųˡ
һһ㶼ѡˮԴĵطӪ⸽һ峺СϪ
ҲͦࡣҲһȥɡЦҲ˹ȥ΢΢ͷ޺һȻһաո밮ŮǳղģҲ⣬ûһʮʱҲ˲޺޻ôˣΨһ뷨һĻҪĺݺݵرס
һʧˮȴ޺޵ɫЩֵֹģʵ޺ޣôˣﲻ𣿡
޺ǿһЦûУֻ⼸쵣ҶûϢãڻϢһ
ˮ޺޵ıӰɻҡҡͷŮ˵Ҳˡ
޺ȴЩң綼չ̶ֳһһŮϴ軹ܷ飿޺һˮв龰ûɵһ
һϪߣҲ̲סһػС
࣬ȵȡһ˵Ȼ֪Լ۹ζŵúܡ
ܣҲܣҺ㡣ճ˵һ䣬̱Ůģտ۾һŨŨ˼ʹĴ¶ɡ
§סһĲż⳯һ˫ȥ˼ƻţ˫ڶԷţǵģҪ˴ˡ
һһϪˮ೶ŶԷѣתۼ䣬˱̹ˡ
һϺںڵ۹Ҳ࣬ϴţͷţǰغ󱳣һСֵҲûзŹ
һ˫Ҳûţڷḧ˴糱
ȵĺС΢ţȴһͦصСֵϻš
һҪҰɡ彿Žһľѣĥʵš
һԺһͣ˫ð𻨣Ҳ룬ôãһǿ׳СӵȻҲ̵࣬Ҫȴǲˣ˵Ů˵ĵһκж㣬Χǿ壬ʱ԰
ڻУٹʱ䣬һΪһŮˡһŷ徫µĶ
һŷϪˮŵʯͷϣͷס˷鶥˵٣һִֻҸһֻ飬Ĵȴ˳ŷƽ̹ĸȼ䣬ͨĵĽ۴̽Ѱš
Ŷһ촽ţС͵϶Ҫһİ
һĿֲ£ԽԽֻȼнַſ˫ȴһԴؿڣʼ
ڣڷһƳУһӻﵽеĵһθ߳Ҳצһһϡ
ã忪ʼƶƮҲһһ㡣
ˣһʹأѹõȴòй˾ڷ˵Ŀ̡
Ȼɵ˫ʹһ˿оһǻȵļͦϴ¶̲סһ岻ʲôСŮһƴѹԼв۲ѡ
һʵ̲סˣҪҰɡָ̧һĿ
һЦҡҡͷСֵܲͺˡ
ַذһһۣСץסһ׳Сֵ¸Ūšһˬһͬʱ㣬̶ֳȶҲֻǱˮнѡ
һץסС֣˻ˣǻӪɡ
ȴǿزϷ֣ҪһŪɡ
Ҫңһ۾Եŷ塣
šᶨصͷ
һٺһЦڷĶ˵䣬ʱͬһ㡣
Ŀ𣿡嶢һµĴһʵ
ҪҵĻΨһİ취ˡһЦЦôô
׵ıҧҧ´һᣬС΢ŵظ
ŶݣĩԸûˡһСֵܱˬһΣʱ۵õһ
̧۽һɬŪһָҵһо˴Сʱڷ崽෢ʱһڱǧȫ緢˷ĿС
ס۴ݺݵһһۣʼϪˮϴǻ
ֱ磬ɻصӪʱˮЦϴôôðΪǱأ
̫࣬ûа취һٺЦ
һ޺޴߳һһõı飬Ѿһֻ͵ȵèҿ϶ϴʱһɸ˵顣


187 ܰһҹ


һҲ޺ڸֱŤտʼúõϴ󾹶ÿ˵һһͷŤһߣһЦѣѾͷԼ
һٴħɭֵȥͷҲȫ֧飬رϲճסһһ͵ģʵĸƨ档
ܵ¶Ǵãʱس˲ע͵͵һʱһһģʱ׸ۡ
ҹɫڵһ˳һ۱޺ڲԶĲݵϣдʣСȴǺݺݵذŵϵСݡ
磬磬󻵵Ҵ㣬㡣޺һ߰ŵϵСһ૵
һĶͷʱðߣԼʲôˣǵСôģߵ޺޵󣬵ͳЦԭһôĴºŰǰô֪
޺޺һת۱
һ̾һһƨɰ޺£˵߶磬Ǽҹˣ
ǵˣ㡣޺
תͷҡһ˵
Ͳ޺޶
һְ޺޵ϣͷԼתٺЦǼҹʲôʱСˡͶԹƿˡ
޺ްһĴ֣һȭ䵽һϣߵᣬᡣ硣
һĴֽ޺޵СסˣСã߶磬絽ˣ
޺һҲˣĿԹһ˵磬黨ǲݣ㻹ǵöһ𣿡
һԭΪʣЩȷʵ֮ˡ
ûģǲΪ˷һʵ
޺޵ͷСԴһļϣôŲŲ૵Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪҵǲô֪᲻ὫҸأ
һȻʧЦ޺޻һС˿ʰ˳㷢ЦôأҵСãٶĺգڶԶҪġ
޺һĻ͵͵Цˣո˵㳵ȻֹһƬ죬˵áһǷҲΪ֪أ
ʲôһֵʵ
ûûʲô𣿡޺޻ҵתƻ⣬ոðͷزΪݵ뷨ＫΪ
ңһסˣָżһϸ룬ȷʵһĹȻһˣѪҺȴʼӡżĺۼ
һͷ룬뿪ѾһˣҲ֪׺׺òã
е޺ȴͻȻĬˣʱһеؿһƬʪһ̧޺޵°ͣȴ档
Сãôˣ𣿡һز޺ˮʵ
޺޵ͷףĺ롣
һУ޺޵ѹˣһʱҲ֪˵ʲôοֻ§ķ۱
磬֪ʱú㣬ü㣬ôȴӵһУ׶谮мӣȴҺʹ粻䲻ȣ㱣ףҵȴˣҳ룬Ϊʲôôƽ޺ȴǿƲԼʳ
һЩᣬǰȻ޺޹ΪżĴС㣬ʳԲȱΨһȱٵı顣Ҳ̫ףôһ֦Ҷˤˣڿ»ˣôȴ䵭أ
ԣСòˣԺ㣬˭Ҳ۸㡣һ޺˻
磬һ˶ô𣿡޺ʵ
Ȼһˣ˭Ҫ۸㣬籣ܴһظ˱֤
Ƕ۸ô죿޺ΪЦʵ
ô۸أһЦ
ô᣿ǰͳ۸ңǲҪԼ޺Ц
һһۣǰֲģ˹޺޵ıӣȡЦֿЦС򡣡
ᣬСأ޺޲ɷ˵һĻһȫһ·ϡ
Ҹջ·ѾͷƬӲˡһɷ״˫ֺ޺޵
޺Цţڲݵֳһš
Ȼ޺޽һһһҲѸٳ֣ողСİһ֮ϣЩΡ
磬ռ˼ұˡ޺콿ô˵ȴһֿһϣ˭Ǳıء
ԶһĻȴЩ죬һŮˣŮ˵ֱͨǺ׼ģһԴ޺ð飬ȴе޺޶һĸЩԽˡ
ܰ𣿡ͻȻˮյ
ˮʦǲҲأҵļԽһ¡粻źۼؿЦ
ˮƲһݵļ򣬲мƶ죬һǿס
ٺ٣һļǲǹأЦ
ˮһ죬ȴͷļɱůˡ
綢ˮգ˲һ˿⣬֪ˮնһзǳĺøˣȴû˹˵ΪһŮˣȻǺˡ
һĺ֪ô࣬ˮʦҪˡЦЦ˵ת
ˮ²㶣ôЩ̫԰ǳԴ˵ӣѵһˮŲɴһ˺ĵԭ
ˮûж룬ֻһıӰ̾һһ⼸ǶװɵѱֵôˣȴһʾûУѲɻҪԼһŮײɡ
һϾҪ˲ͬ˼йȥˣֱŤ޺޾ֿʼһ޼ˣͷһһĸƨ档
һ˾һȥĿǰΪֹȴȻûټЩ޺ǳƴͷΪһĶӣʱͷʱָһĸס
޺ǿӸĶӣһЩЦãСõĸѹ֮Ҳֻò̫ÿĶӣͷƺҲϰ˶ƺÿһһжӣƨƨߵع˹ȥ
ЩҲûʲô֮һȴһһ类׻һ𾪣һ㡣


188 ˵˻Ĵͷ


ƻʱ֣Ϧ͸ƲƬƬӲӵĹâһһΪֿʼæСħɭȱıħˣÿòʱ̣һԸ̰ԵСͻ룬ѵСɽһߵ
һһеʳŮһ߱Թ᳤һֺشԡ
סһ˽Цʱһ۵ͻȻ
һʱסΧŮҲһ棬ʵոʲô𣿡
ŮСװͷԴһԴһɨԱߵС룬޻дͷ֣ûзʲô쳣
һü֣űߵĴͷ֣Цʵ˵ɣ˵ӿռָóˮһͨˮոս¿ɽڸء
ס۵һһոպȵеˮһ˳ȥԱߵĴͷܵͷԣȱߡ
ʱŮһȥƵֱһűߵĴͷ֡
һȻŮıȷ˸ո˵ľǽűߵĴͷ֡
һŪһ´ͷֵش룬ʣ˵
סͷִպŷ۵С۾Ľ
һԺһƬѣΡ񰡣ͷ˵˻Ҳ˺Ҳĩ̫˰ɡ
ܵһĽ䱸СǰΧס˴ͷֻ֣ҪһһǱ̽ͷָ˺÷顣
סͷָܵСǵƣȫһίһ뼸Ůһ㣬˵ħޣֱĩŰ
һŴͷί飬вһҲʼ侲ףЩ޺һֱĽȻ֮ǰû˵˵˻ħޣ治Уֻ˵˻ħӦҲԽܵġ
һɢֻСǣһֽͷйҿʵΪʲô˵˻
סͷֽһԲԲһĥĥȥһĵģ
ʱŮҲΧ˹Ŵͷ棬ҿͷǸѧ˵˻أҲֻ൱һСӡ
޺ͷЦ磬һˡ
ôһҲһǺЦ
ֶӣйùá޺޶Ŵͷ˵
ɴͷֿڵȴȻǸ֣Ȼֻ˵֡
֮󣬼Ůõһѵһ㣬ÿ춼һ߸·һ̴߽ͷ˵ִ˲ƣ
˾ϲǣͷֻľ͸һСһ㣬ѧϰǿھԿڽ޺޹ùãʲôս㣬㣬磬ҿϵó˭˭
ػһħ𣿼ֱͺһһʼڿռָϷѰҸƫŵ鼮뿴ûƵؼأźûҵ
ףͷͻȻͣ۰Ͱ͵һ
һЦһ̾һԴӴͷѧöԶʱ仰һҪ˵ʮΣûгԱΪ۸Զ٣һĩı顣
һһͷħ¹Ӹּ·ӻʳһ˼һ
ôһĺͻȻһһ˵ǰԼףǽħɭһΪŲͷˮۣףӵֲһŴһǵںƮɷƯ
һɫȴⴹȻÿ֮ļȣԲȻأΪֲġ
˾ס翪ڵ༸ŮҲҲ쳣
ĶǷˣǧҪçײҷͷҿûз֮Ķһ˵
ڴҷɢ鿴ʱһĴͷȴͻȻˣźӱߵԵüΪ
ôˣͷһʵ
£ˡͷ۵̵̻С¶־ɫ
ˣһһѵסŵǻˣɫһãҪɢļŮȫ󷽴ҵĴűƺߣȻڴг˿һХһλΪһ̳ڴȥ


189 Ů


һոոϵѪ˿شӵ𣬶ĶվһɫŮŮһֵĽۼףټ侫£ɫ㷢ͷһ߸ߵķ߹дȻİƽϵһж
һǰס磬ͬʮ˫ĿڹһռųƳɹûõĳ顣һ㷢һХһѪȵϢŮȥ
飬鷨ʦŮڣһ̶ˮ㲻·˿
ŮĩжֻϷһȦĽ⣬ǳȴ־ļХһҲҴ
üһҪ߶йһȴסȥǵѪ˿һסڸƣעŶŮжƯж߹󣬴Ůˣ͵øۡ
һ˫ĿâӴľʼ׶βŮȥűվ޽һк֮նŮնȥ
Ů꺮¶һ˿ɫȴȻĩӲһľ֮׶ѩ׵˳һһǻһȦһȦĺ֮Сֻһǽһؾ޽ץš
һͣڰУŮվڵϣץһľ޽Ŀԡһ𻨡
ǿŮˡһﰵƾİںϵħȻ׾ٱ⣬Ҫ۵һ֣Ȼˣҽ޽սˣƾһ֣һ硣
һˣôһǿĶˡһŮϾȻ¶һõЦݡž޽һ޽粨һţוּһŮ
һʶеɫħԪؿʼת޽һָȻ֯һɫĵٺһЦοʼԼٶƶţϵؾ޽ĸѹںлʽ˷Ů
̵һŮò˲˼ɫ˫Ŀһ˫־ȻһĽдڵƬһʼһսʱɳʯӴѹϹļŮ˻ȥС뻹пȴӵһûǰæ
磬û°ɡеʵ
磬׷ʲôˣһභʲôˣˮʵʱȥֻӰƬƬͿӰ
һڼŮϹʱ㽫Ůϵؽ⾹ײޱȵĳ鶼ǰ
ҸոߵߣһֵŮҵǰʵǿףɷ˵Ҷ֣ſϵҲӲһС˵
ŮһٿڿкһսѷѽӰӣɿʼ²Ůݡ
ӦòˡոտŮϸǵƬ૵
ˣѵǹɣ޺ȵɸܲһ
ǣû´ĻӦһ绺
㲻ǿЦɡŮ׷׾磬ȻֻеӰҲһӰӰ
ҾûпЦаٷ֮ʮؿü
ô᳤úһ㣿޺˵
סؿڣոŮһˣһѹţ˵˵еĻһɳһ̶ȿԻ࣬ҲŮһһ
һŮΣЩˣǻĽǿ봩͸ؽѹţоŮûоȫʵҲŲµŮӦúʲôϵϸǵǲۣħ˷ֺ˿ֲħֻд˵е˱ֻ̬ҲŪΪʲôܹΪء
һŮһצסһľ޽һצȴץһؿڣһ˺ҵһѱ˺һ顣
һ߳ɻǬŲһսȦĬʼ׵ϵħԪطѹȻһƣȻǵصӿ
Ůɫ΢΢һ䣬Щȵһ̫ľȣȫϵħ͵ĶʣھȻʩչѹħֻؾ̫ͣٹ꣬ʵȫܳ
ŮûгһѹħʱйֻǴЩشΪ֪ƾѹħ޷˵
һȫĸǿĶˮ͸˿ɣ׵ϵħԪرһѹѹֱеҲֲȥ˵ʱŵͺһֻ£Ʋбѹ׵Ȼ£ʮֻĴֵָ׵ſ񱩵ƽʱٶ
Ů΢΢ЦˣһȴЦˡ
ŮزûӲѹ׵硣ĸĸڴ˶ӲȻƱϾԿģܾ㱻ҲˡƤ֮˿϶ء
ŮĽԭתţȫð⣬һȻӽпһ黯ʮ׵ʱʧˡŮո⣬һűХ𣬶һƾʧˡ
û뵽һ׵繥Ȼк֡ıȴΪǿ֮ĩˣɵļһΪƾ͵Ϯ˵Ů޷Ҫʩչ㿪ȴСĽʱȻһ󣬾Ȼ˲סˡ񱩵طХɲǼһ̣һĴȫһӡؿڡ
һû뵽ŮһҪջȴˣֻһŮƺһ˳ȥڿз˼Ǳĵڵأķ紵ɢ侹Ȼ¶ֻССǣ˽ɫѪ˿ȻǱһȫһƸˡ
һƮȻµأŮͷֻСǣһһ̫ףԶ㿪ģΪʲôͷԭء
Ůֱ۾ûһֱֱһԶĴͷ֣ǵѪ˿ûв
סͷ˷ܵؽһһԲԲӹһĽűߡ
ŮͷֺһʱɽɫһƬɷף۴΢ţ䷢һ󳤶̸߿ڡ
ͷԲԲһСС۾ɲŮֻŮһɷǳϤϢ
ŮͷûϳޱȣͷһȻɲǻΪһ޴ĽдźƵľ
ͷֵС۾ǺںڵĳªϾȻҲһ㵭üĽ⡣
ŮΣͷ§˻Уͷ۽ͻȻ˻һ㡣
Ůϲһ֪ԭ֮⣬ҲᡣĩãŮĿһЩԵҵĵܵܣΪʲôҪΪףԼĸס
ܵܣ˵ͷܵܣһһ𾪵ָųªĴͷ֡
Ȼе֣ȷʵҵ׵ܵܣһ߹Ů˵
һƲƲ죬ƨʲô߹ҵĹԶӣ㣬㻹Ůһء
ͷù޺ͻȻ
ͷ޺ޣ˵شŮĻƨƨߵع޺ޡ
㣬ǣҵܻܵңҿԲ׷ص𡣡Ůߵ۾ȴеŴͷ֡
ͷǵģ˵ͻ㰡𿴲Ůǰ˵ӣŷ
ŮɫͫͻȻһɱñңһҲ뿪
һȴܲñвˣ޺бͷЦͷĴӣǻȥĽ㲻ҪҲգǸǳĺİɡ˵ŤߣҪභ¹˭ֻһ޻ͿޣټԼͲƴӮôһĩС
Ůһһǰ棬ֱһ
һͷؽ¶ǿľ㻷ǰֵǵصܵһ״Сһ޼̳ʹ壬뵱һ˹ȥΪ߲Ů뵱һ³˴
޻롣ŮǱɫ۵ڿ黮£ӭЩĻߡ
ŮɫһЦЦı飬ҧҧ˵лסְɣú̸̸
Ůһлػ룬ЦӦеĴ֮Ȼǿ󣬵ܸöɡ
Ůȴʹݺݵһһ۱ŴӶȥһβ
ŮڴϿգ˫ֻһ⣬׿ļȻɲʱֹȻ类һ㳯߷ȥһĹӺӵ¶
ۣƯŮɾ̾ҫ۵Ĺâ۾
һ룬˵ие壬Ϊ˵ϲռһĶѨﶼǽѵɽһߡû뵽СŮǲˣȻѧ˹ͨ嶼üƷɡ


190 


ŮƮȻڰʯɵĽϣĬŶʱ󿪣̻Ի͵Ĺâ͸ݻ޷
ȼһߵˮȻϣһ⹬⾹һǿ磬ˮ޷͸
һУɢֹâƷﲻֱֹʵ̫Ǯˣһ²½۹޷һõȥֻۣݻݻȴ̫ˣһ㶼ܰҪǳסû׼ᷢ衣
ʱͷȴ˷ܵشһԲԲϽʯ̾͵ߵϴŹһ߹һ߽ԱƷ˶ӣ֡
ݻޱȵĴ£Ůһȥͷ֣ɫЩЩˡ
ԭҸտʼʧϣǽҵܻܵңΨһˡŮ˵ĿĩӴͷֵ뿪
ŮһҪˡһεЦЦȻʱͷһЩ飬ŮĵܵܣܲܰŰɡ
ӦԼذɣΪʲôҪ̻ħɭأһȴûشŮĻĿƵʵ
ŮһͻȻЩˣָܿ˱䣬飬㲻֪
˵ұ֪أһٺЦֻڴ˵е壬ʮֺ档
ŮӱصһһŽһػЦߵ˿µĴͷ֣ȴסˡ
˵ˣǲǾͽҵܻܵңŮҧгݵ
ֻҪԶԸ㣬Ҳ޷˵һЦŵ
УԸԸ⣬£ڸճûñʧˡʱˣڶǲˡŮЩʧ䡣
һĬȻͷ£Щ᲻ãϾҲĺЩӵĸףǣһ½ǿֲֲĹͷһ¡
һӦŮʱŮȴֺȻڵ㵥̸һ̸Ұɡ
һЩ죬Цǵû⣬ֻҿԴ⼸СһɡһָŻСԼޣСʹ괬۵ɲСĸĶ֣Ǵֱһ㡣
Ůмһһ۵ͷҲĩ̫СˣΪһ߹ǲмġ
ҡȥȥһԼŮ˵
磬Сĵ㡣޺վĵ˵
һһο΢Цү߽ҡ
ҵǲͨðɣһһĸ񣬿ԿӦһ¡
Ůһǽϵҵظĸ
һŶһΪʲôŮʱɫƬлźƣתͷЦ㸸ĸ䡣
ŮɫͻȻһ㵭ˣ̾ȴôΪϿɣҪӲزɢǡ
һĿһоӦûһʵĹ¡
ڲ½ϴһϣĻһ壬ɳǧʱɻΪΣҵĸױһĹŮĿ˵
ĹŮҲĹ𣿹Թԣû뵽Сĸͷô˵ôữΪأԭеĻ壬һֹ
һǧǰҵĸ׸ոǧ꣬͵ȥʱҵĸףħһӡŮ૵ؿʼظĸ֮۵İ¡
ԭںܾǰħģħҲǵʱĻ壬ħԸʶ䣬棬Ǵɫ۱ΪɫӴ˱壬ħһ巢չ׳ǲǱĳ裬㾭һԡ壬Ǿħһ̸ͰģҪȻͻܵ
ǣƺ⣬һĹħһڴһȻ˺øСΪֱ飬õŮɶ˻ߵһǿʼ͵͵Ļᣬ͵˽
ǣֽվס峤ȺǵΥİ飬ʼǿƴѹŮԾ˿ͷһ죬Ǿһ룬һ˭ҲҲǵĵطҸڲ½زأҵħɭƬִų峤ǸӦľõط
ǣŮħɭ̻ͬȹҸڻǧһŮλŮ漣ǧһӣ˵ȷʵ漣ǹƽģǿƳǵƣŮԵȴͣܶһУһҲֻһ̥ŮȴһŮֲһӣܲ˵ľˡ
ֻǣľƺ͵ΪֹˣǧǰɽׯħɭַͻħɭϢʹ˳ȥһħһĳڰǰħɭ֣ŮѺܡʱΣ֮£Ůĸ׽ŮճûõĵܵܲħɭͬĵطŮȴôҲҲܵܣΪܵҲĳץȥˣû뵽ȴħɭ֣ʮٴٵܵܣ˵Ļϲ
Ů˵꣬ﾹȻһˮ˵ıˡ
һһ̾మĩأԧ첢רͬŮһڳгɳŮ
һοŮģȴоŮһɲʱ˼
һڨڨһЦžøղŵĶЩˣϰ߰ϰ߻һܿµ顣
Բ𣬸ղҵıܷӦŮȻü˳ĿһǸ
һ̾ƾŮԸûɻ˵ģνˣҲ˵ﷴһʶŮͼĪǿ棬ò˰ɫ
ͷȻĵܵܣһỹģû£ǻȸˡһŮһ֣Ц
ȵȡŮе
ʲô𣿡һˣƤЦⲻЦʵ
ңŮżɽɫͫǿҵĳ֮ɫ
һȻ֪Ůһ׼û£ôŮӻȥ
Ůһɫ˵Ҹоҵĸĸûֻæȳǡ
Цˣ㶼򲻹ȥԸЩϼһֲǻˡһ
ڻ򲻹ĹضԶҡŮһ϶
ٺ˵ͱɻһˣһֹ


191 


ǵҵĹԺ˵ɡһܵɲйʣСæҲҪʲôķǺܲǵġ
ŮȻһڷܣҲҪװװæģҿԴӦֻҪһᾡȫ
һһۣˣʱǻʺɧҲҿԼź񽻻ѵŮҲҪˣȢһţҲ̫ǿ˰ɡ
һֵֹϵĴŮɻʵ㻹Ҫ𣿡
һٺһЦɫɫŮħģǲʲô㶼Ӧأ
ȻŮһ
˯𣿡һٺЦ׼Ůŭ
˭֪Ůȴһɻʵ˯Ϊʲô˯𣿡
һɲʱĪ⻹һСĸɴֱ˵˵ҵŮˡ
Ůһ˼ɫһҪóǿѹסһϷɱȥȭͷҧгݵ칦ңԻῼǣŮ±Լ͵ҷϡ
ҲաֻǿЦѣΪԸһԼǧ𣿡һЦ
㡭
Ŀԣ粽ãһ±㽩
ûʲôˡһ˵űҪת˭֪Ůȴһǰ档
աղţԲϣܰҡŮҧ´¶ίɫ
һ̾һһ߰Ϊĸĸ˵ֻǡһڵҲ㣬ʵΪҿԴӦ㣬ҵĹĳ㡣һĻҿ԰㡣
Ů㶣мһ۹Բῴ˵ģôṦȴ˵زҪżֻޣ˵ͼλʲôϵصĲһع֮ҪĹԼΪҲԱصǻۡһթ˵õıƱԾȳĸĸ
ŮȡһɫݸһԺѱ㿪еĴҶһ֮ҲŵԣԺعұͬһȥȥҵĸĸ
һӹŮмһЦðɣȻҾǿͬˡɫԼϣô㶼̫ԺΣվͻĸڵԼĹ˭֪Ҫء
ˣҽһ֪СķһЦʵ
ôƺҰɡ
һü˺ӰֲųĴ
˴߳Ůʼһ
סͷּһ۵һȻһĽűŽ
һĴͷֵͷ˵ӰûвɢϯǸԵݾʹ˾ˣԺʹ߰ɡ
ͷȴǲһʲô˼Ϊڶأһϲ䡣
磬ҪֶӶ𣿡޺޲
һعͷ̾СãǴͷؼңֻܽĳɳѲɽѧĶħ𣿡
޺޶ʱ
ˣ߰ɣʮȥҲˣʱʱҿǿ޶޲һվЦؿһ۴ͷ֣һʱĶӣȻżŮȥ
ףȡͷּһȥڻԻ͵Ҳһȥ
ɫӵ̾һһûͷֵڣͷȫһ˯ȥ
һת̲סڵҪúչ˴ͷ
İɣҵܵܣһģʱллǶչˣĽѾˡԶ͡ϵĴͷһ˵
һͷ˷ɳ棬Ǹոճˮֺϣļıš
ظһһ֣ȳǰȥ˵ħɭҲǴջ񣬲ʶ˴˵еĵؾ壬õ˻ϵ޻룬ȻһӣҲЩɫʡ
һǴĻϲظȥħɭһ£Ҳ巳ˣҰʥħѧԺ
ɾûԶһǰĽŲͻȻһͣԵ̧ͷͷգֻһӰʴֱ䣬һţڵĴӡ


192 峤


һôˣһͻȻͣסʵ
һü˼ҡҡͷһ⣬оƺ̫á
⻹ãԤʾż飬˵һƽػصʥħѧԺˮЦ
𣿡һ૵ֿʼƶ˽Ų
һͣͻȻɫһ䣬ãǼǰߣһǧҪ磬㿴סǡ
˵ţһСޣ볯ŴӷɱȥոսּһоһϢϢһ쿴Ѿ֪ʹͷĴڡ
ûãһ˺ӱߣûа㶯ĺˮɳһ£һĳϣðȻȥ
һԥ˲䣬һֱ𣬿ӱߵһڿռһһŽ£𷢽ֳΣ˫ָڱ¶һµơ
һ۹ͻȻһ񰡡Ȼ羴еߣԺȴѷͷӣӦûзܡ˵жһСҲоһſڵûж
Ŀһ㶢סһϵȻѹȵһؿƵüѪǲࡣһ˼ǰһʵǴС
ǺˣΪλ߲ϵһը죬ĶĤֱ졣
ϲģҲ̣һס
ǿˣǹƨ˭¡һҲŭˣڱǰװӡȴʮְҲ׼˼ϼһﲻô
Ȼ峤üͷ૵΢࣡˵׼ˣ͵ȵһݡ
ɾջʱɫͫͻȻŴһһǰȻ߳һһͷ
峤ϵצץסһֱֱһϵɱ΢࣬˵ģ
һֻ类ǯס赲ס۵ֱð亹
˵˵͸ҵĶһ˵겻峤ϱȻĩõǹⳤϵצ̱˹̬
峤ؿ˿һǰֻޣֿ˿Լƣƺ㲻̫δԼצġ
޻룬ߡ˵ǴģǻҲ뱣ס㡣峤һ
ٺ٣˵͵ģҲû취һЦ峤ϡ
֪ࡣ峤ϴһ⼫һؿڡ
һ׼ǬŲһ⿰¶Ǻ谭شһɢľ
ʱ뼸峤ϣ޵ϵҲһʱӿرɫɫ׵ȵҵػ峤ϡ
峤Ϻһðһ۵Ľ⣬ȻΪһ޴Ľɫһڽɫ˻𣬶Կ޵ϵϷĩһβ޻ɣŻ֮ɨһ
һǬŲƸʩչһ㱻УѪ˳ȥؽһ
һ硣ԭ˼֪֮һˣ˲һ˵Ļ˹һһһͷ޴Ľõɶ
ڿնסһ벻֪һȻž޴ȻײҲ˳ȥһǱѪ˿ʱ˻ûüƣʱ峤ϵһ־˸
˱޺޺ˮæҵؽסʱ峤ͻ붷ذȻ벢Ķ֡
һ뱻峤һôӿˤ
ûлƵĻ룬ʮҲҵĶ֡峤ϰȻ
Сӣһλᣬ˵Ȼͬ׼ڴ˰ɡ峤ɭĿסһ
һһȭͷյöˣģղնڱϵЩӣ˵ǲ˵һȷлߣˣô죿ܶǲܵġ
峤ɱʱһӰʼһʶۡ


193 һ


˺Ӱĳһвһϲصļһﲻ֪ӡħʯ˻а취ӹ˽ٱϾΪӰҲòȥ峤ϻָΣñһһֻ΢ϡĴһ죬סһĲӣֻ꼸ȻһĶͷʱؽ¶ѪһƬ
޺ˮձһȸ߾پҪħ峤ϲ֪ʲô˲˵ḻ̌ڵء
Сӣ᲻ϧǾͳڴ˰ɡ峤ɭЦ
һѪѣ˫Ŀʼģ
ռָĹʥ񣬿ɱӰһʶﵭ˵
費˵һţǿд߶žռָĹʥ׳
ʥһ̱Ŀİ׹ƮڿУͬʱСȻܳһ೤ĻХǰɫͫ˹âеĹʥңӦ峤ϲ֮ӡ
ơ峤ʧƵ߶һŵģҲԾɿһĲֻǴſеعʥ
Ρ峤ϻع񣬸ӵŴһǺڵ˷µͫףвһ衣ʵ̫ˣ츳лϵޣȻӵйƣز½Ƕ֮ˣҲΪޱ䡣
뵽ˣ峤ϵٴηĺɱɫü䣬峤һ̾λΪһʧʡ
һһȴ峤ʧķ򣬽֮裬նٱĽʹһƺһ£סʹ߶ڵʼˡ
ʱ޺ˮѻָ˾Ҳˣ۵붨еһ
ʱԶĺˮʼһ˵ǰ棬ŮǸˣĿⶨһۼ߰ߵĿϡСϻСŹʥߵһǰɫ䣬㾪һ˫ĿСĹʥ񣬱峤Ϊʲô׵Ĺһ˵ԭΪʥһɶ˼ɫʡ
һһ붨Ǽĩѣַֻտͻ״Ӱ쵽һǼʹİҲ֪ʱһǾܵŵء
ͻȻϸ꣬λħ£ϸϸ˿ԵЩԣ紵ּҶɳɳ죬ҹž龰İһΧн籣˿ʪˡббڲݵϣóԵעȫâתһķĿ²ĥӡǵӣʱ΢Цʱ򣬱Ҳۻš
Ȼһ˫Ŀıɳɳ㿴û˽磬³һѺõ߰˰ˡ
һỽ
Ѹپ۽һһƬϲʣֽסˣһƬˮ
һűӽе
һ΢΢һſֱ΢ЦŸʲôұ
һ֣ƺһĻУСֽסһ
һǲǺûãǰһֱΪԼȴʲôﲻ㣬ΣֻһؿšһĻ˵
һŻе磬̾ô˵ô˵Ҹģȴ㣬Ǹûá
ǵģģһվĶ塣æ
ˣԺ˵ֻˣҪôֻ࣬ҪԹһŮ˱ˡһ˵ţ§һתڵϣеһ⡣
һһĻУ;Ѿӵȫ硣Σûһ˵̧ͷŷ˯ˡ
һЦһϵѪͻҳϸؿˣˣȻֻһ˵ġͬʱﰵ˾ģһҪŬΪһɻȱҰ
ѹһϣСԵḧͷ۾ӣ촽ֱ֮һ촽ϣһ˯лȻŵ΢Ц촽ķǳůȻûˣƵܣŷҷͷ˫һϡ
ͻȻһľҹա


194 ݴ


Ȼһ̧ͷվߣһ뱯ߡ
һҲĽѣֳӻͷȥüˮ޺޴ӸԵ߳
磬û뵽㡭㾹Ȼϲˣ㡭ֲָ̧磬֮С
޺͵͵һһҲֻ֪Ů͵͵岻ˣ뵽̲סһһۣ¶ֻ顣
ˮȴǱڹԣټһʱ§һ𣬶ʱɫߵһ˵ǰһѽһϳ߷ߵôѹᡣ
һٺһЦ˵ûᣬҺȷʵá
ˮնʱĿɿڴͰ͵ҡҲŲţƭˡ
ţ㿴šһ׽§ݺݵ촽ϣ߼֮ҪѣȴһòܶͷԱһƬհףʼɬػӦ
ˣһƿ촽Цˮգȴ̱ĻС
ˮնҡҡͷ񺮵һҧҧ´һöġ˵Ҳת
ʱָһЩָһһᡣôܿЦ
һٺٴЦŸģսС֣ʹ黨ָ
޺ЦֵˣĲζߵһ£üײײ磬֪棬ˮʦ𶼿ˡ
һЦʸ磬ЩܲˣˮôҾͲ벻
˵šˮش߳ոԽԽԾһ⻨ĴֻܲŮȤءôͻȻϲˣע޺޲ûоȵı飬һϸһЩ̫Ծ
ˮߺߵصһһۣת硣ϸϸͻȻڵ磬ʵ˵ǲŮˣ
ĵЩԥҪҪ˵أһ룬ڶֵزˣȥҲûʲô˼ﲻ治ð죬ݣӦþͻԼ˰ɣ뵽ɵص˵ͷ
Ҿ֪Ҿ֪Ӱ룬ӦòµġˮһʱҲ֪ʲôоһЩĸо
һһЦѧԺǶֵܵӣĿǰĹϵָоԺ󶼲ˣЩź
ˮʦҸ㰡Ưˣ۾ɫģ͸һĽˡ޺һ˵
壿磬ԭˡˮջȻתֲض޺޵޺ޣ֪˰ɣҲңʦ
޺һЦҵʦǿɾͲɩˡ
ˮһ죬͵͵Ƴһһۣȴûһ㷴Ӧжʱһ£ݺһţһԭϲģʱ͵͵ռԼرˣռ˾벻룡
޺ޣԺǽҽɣʦ谡ˮ˦ȥ˵ǰס޺޵Ц绨
ðԺнˡ޺Цˮյգźۼѿ
ˮȴûз޺޵̬ʲôԣת壬ãܷý㿴®ɽĿأ
Цŵ˵ͷĿһŤһʱǣͫ㷢ҲԱ˵ɫɰһʽħۣȻһζ
ˮմŲѷɫط壬૵ãƯѹְһɫԵߵ
嵭һЦעһЦһ˵ҰһԵߵԵߵǡ
һٺһЦӵٶʱõ㣬ӿĺñ
ˮ΢˵˻ʱ󷽣ŤٿһƵĸһ飬ʼףһռһϯ֮ȷص
磬û˰ɣ޺һʵ
㿴µ𣿡һЦ
һֻźͷȣԼöˡ޺ް뿪ЦԹҲ֪ԼھǺ̬ǻΣҶ롣
һش޺޵㷢ѾͷɩӵĴ׶ԡ
ͳԴˣ˭Ůá޺촽
˭˵㣬˶ҵĺáһǺЦ
޺޵ͷĲɵŪһ½ǡ
һ˵۽ȴƳɫҰ׵ش˳űùɫķ塣ʵûΧϸ磬һһһһ϶ᱻڸ߶ȹע֪ҲΪ֮ɻıˮرһβܵİڴʱ˴ˣҪ˸һ󲿷Σ˭֪صȥò˼ҡ
̾һϸ֮еſ˵ϡ
̸̸ɡǣľżԶ
޺ȴ֪ΪʲôЩ̫ã˸кת뿪ˣֻˮһһ
һҹбб˿֪Щʲô
˸˵˺С𣿡ˮһЬ
һˮüʲô
֪ʣڱҶԲԣˮպߵ
ΪʲôҪ㣿һɻ
㡭ΪΪǰ㡣ˮЩŤһǿˮɵģȴΪһ벻ģÿÿһųԲţһװͿҧгݵֱ˺ϵһ
ǰôˣô֪һʵüĿ͸¶˿˿Ц⡣
󻵵ˮҧ´һСϺݺһţ޷֮С
Ѿͷѹб򡣡һСȣȴֹסЦ⡣
ʱС뼰ܵһߣǵسŽһСӹʥתȦ峤ԣȷǹƣҲŷҪȻôһʥ̻ˡһ峤ϵֻƬҲ˿ʱʱ˵һ仰˵ûлƵĻϵƺ֮֮ӦĳֱȻϵСڰħʥĻѧӦɿ֪һ


195 ʥħѧԺ籩


һоеĹʥȴҲͷÿζƺˮ棬Լ²롣
С겻֪ʱͣˣʱҲһʱţʼһ˿Ԥʾµһĵ
Ӱһڣ˲̸֪ʲôȻ̸˴ϡɫȻ̫ã֮ǰȴǺ࣬һŮͻȻ֪ԼŵкȻһŮʱָоȻòȥûЪ˹ǲˡ
̸ʲôһʷ塣
Ůӵ¸Ҫ㡣һһۣһһ顣
һɫڻĳģ忩һЦԺͻȻһ£һǵʱ䲻ˣ֮ϾҪˣϲɾ鷳ˡ
һͷȻԿ϶ħɭֲǶռ䣬Ǵڲ½ĳ䣬ǾŮİҵ˳ڣҪصǹҲȻʮ鷳
һֽŮ˵ǻ֧ŵס̰ɣǵʱɲˡ
Ů׷ױʾû⣬˭ҲħɭҰ
·֪һҪߡӺӳһƬƮݵһ㡣
һߣΪʥĹϵһ˿Ķһȴǲ֪лΪԵõز²ŮǲҲôһøС
ͷ𣿡һͻȻǸճԼشͷ֣ǹеʵ
ͷܺá
Ͳټֶ𣿡޺Щ
ڻǲΪãʱҪߡ˵
һ֪ĵģ±˵ȻˣǾˣڡ
ǣޱ㳯ʱ·ظȥ
һˣҪҰæÿеĴ󡣡ԶԶƮһĶ䡣
ʮļϡһڻصԭأллأڣʦִٵǿһһ˳ʱڳһ
ʱһѽСս˺ڰԪռ䣬Ϊ˱ңҲ±硣
ˮʦǻˣٳСʱǱҪħɭִˡһʦ˵
һ𣿡ˮʵ
ǰʣˣزˮħʦǽʥħѧԺ췭ظɡһʦЦ
ˮЦЦͻȻһˮϵĸƣһû
ˣ˴ջôʦʵ
һ˶һۡһЦ˵ǲûջʲô֮ģ˴εľȴһʱزƸ˵еĵؾԼǵĵԼǧǰɽׯشսңɲ壬ʵھܹΣأȴ˵ضȹˡ
Ҫ˵ջĳһջˣؾЧԼŮǷµһԤУЩо޴ذ
ʦ̸һһһվ˴ͷ֮ڣǰһݵʧ״̬ٴγʥħѧԺĺɽһ飬ȫѧԺ˶Χںɽǵĳ֣ԵĹâһһ˴ʱΧ۵ʦҵعơ
һһϤĻĶࡣ
һһΧ۵ʦʱͻȻԶһĺ
Ϥһ΢ɲضһ£ϲתͷһĨӰ˫һţʱǵ㣬֪ǳʱ䣬Ҳֿˡ
ˣһںڵ㷢ڻĽ૵ϵ͸¶Ϣһ֪ѳɹħʿľˣ˹ͷеЧ
һҺ㣬롣סһƺ뽫˶ڣֻҪһͣԺḡֳһӰ˼ִ۵ĥЩ裬ֻвϵֻ˼֮Ż嵭һЩһˣ֪ѵ֯δ֮С
Ҳ㡣һ˵⻰ʱȻкܳһʱ
һ黰ȴĻ̌ͷһɵ̲
һһϴξбΪʱ鲻Խڴͥӵ˼֮飬ֱǰŻеŶҲɲʱȾеʦۼĿճԣ֪˭һͷȥȥһʱӦ糱һһʱʱҲй֮޲
Ҫɣɲܴʧˡһᴵ
һЩʧ֮Уų⣬Щɬ
һЦЦͷ£ּᶨķ۴һ˲䣬˶ƺһֿ״̬еĺһ˲ʧˣʣˡ
˲ţ˫˱ţţǵĳԣ
Ů˫սǰһǵŮƺԼеŮǣİףӵǡ
֮ʥħѧԺƺһƬɫİϢ֣һԶ˺ճʥħѧԺһɼļ¼¼ּǧ궼ûбƹѧԺ籩ʼͱһʥħѧԺʷǧŵķȻǺˡ
ˮգ绹޺ɫ죬ԶһͷͷҲЩӣ޶˵ؾЩĽ
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬һôãһ˫ڷֿˣ˽ӵһ
ͻȻһᱧתǸ硣ʼ磬һذڰּ֣֪ء
һڿնһȻƾʧˣٴγֻʣһڲˡ
ռħʦħʦҲôһʧӰٵģĳһξٶȴﵽ٣ҲһһôԶΨпռħŽ͵ͨ
ǺһһħɭļȫУʦ߶ȹעе˶Ϊһħɭҵ˿ռħ鼮Ӷѧ˴˵еĿռħСϢݴ˴δӵѧԺʦ˵ʱһһ˳ٳĩ飬ʦһһѰҹ˷һƬµ֮Ⲣûҵһǵټ˶϶Ƕĩ̽Ѱ


196 ӮһŮ


һʧʱϵħʦ˹ҲԶԶעһʧķ૵СӣʵʵЩֲٹ꣬Ϲͷ͵λˡ
һٽһҺõ꣬õڣһĵεΣޣԥҲ׳ĸԸĵһΡ֮һ㽫Ǹ׷ڰסȥ
һ§ŵϣĿԣȵĺ˿˿ڶԷϣҪ˿ȵӵһ𣬷ָ̫ãҪ˴ˣҪģεĽο弢ʵġ
һ̫ˣдŴֱشĽؽȫʹ⣬ֻ˿ڿ㣬ɢļ¶⡣
һŶţһĽ׳̽еرһȼȾһۺ֮֬ɫ
һִţĽ˱Ĵͷ޳һ·£˶Ըе鹵ű¶Ūϵ͹ֱʪ͸ֳ̺졣
һһͫ͡Ȼ˫һ½⿪һԼͦʵ飬̺ͦšɲǶˣһ鲻Խؽͷ֮ء
ţ͵ŤſһǻȵСֵĦţ˽ѱӿĴ¶͸
ȼĻȼӲŤٶԽԽ죬Ĵ̼ǿҵĳñһйǧɸ㶶ͣҲݺץһı֮ϡ
һǰϷ㡣ҲƲסԼڿͦǹ붴
䡣Ȼһӵ̱ڴϣϵǵˮӡҲһֻϢ
˫Ŀʶһšʱһ£Ȼ߳ϻûȫɢ
ãһ̾ʶ»صԺ֮С
§һʼ˵һ˴ħɭֵľ˵һ飬ֱĿɿڴֱ̾Լѣûмʶ˵еĵؾӴĵԼǿ壬Ȥرһһˣô룬һĶҲĶӡ
һ֪ȸ˹ʦ𣿡һѹһ˵
һЦʡ⻬ļ̵ͦѩţǱ˿ҪĴмֱһܡ
ḽһĶߴ˵ǵطлɽ¶ȷǳߣ澹ȻȫǸߵȼػϵħޣȻлŻϵħĴš
һһ裬ɽǲǧǰɽׯڵʵǻɽʲôط
۹ɽɽɲܽȥģ˹ʦ˵ÿſһΣ㶼֪ĻϵħԪжôŨ񡣡˷ܵ˵
ſһΣһ૵Щ
ڴһɱ㵽ڣӶùóˡϴһҪȥ޺һߴһˡ
һţ޺ȡ
һ±ס޺ޣ˵޺ޣҺ㰡
ߣĻҰҶһɫѵػߣҶ궼ûˡ޺˵ȴӯӯЦ⡣
һЦɿ޺ޣǳԷûһطȥԷɡ
ûأȥӰɡһȴƵһ
ӵһõطֻֻдŮ԰ȥô죿סһֱ۵
ˣһ˻ûطȥ𣿡ȴȴ˿ץһ֡
ҲֿȣǻȥĵطɡЦһĹȻ֪ȿÿ춼Ҫһܰġ
һŴȺٺһЦû£ȥӰɡ
ǡ
ˣҲһȥֻҪһȥӵɨԴһŵպãҲǾǿСŮɯ
ٳҴᱻߵ
ʲôһһת黬ȡ
һһת֪׼û£ֻɲһԽӣҪɯӭ뵽ģ²һǿиɣǱ˭˱ҪԷһڣһµˡ
һﰵЦȻҲȱŮëëŵҲ̲ˣүүӾʹӦˣʱɱ𷴻ڰ
ȰһһۣһԼŮίһ㡣
ڹꡣȵСָ
ʲôһü
Ǹ¾Ͳ㷴ˡЦ
ɡһ̿ס˻Сָ˹ôĴָһ¡
˳سʥħѧԺŵӷȥûһ㽵ӵĴſڡ
һǺЦ㲻˵ҪɨԴڿʼɡ
һʼ磬ɤӣͻȻʨӺ𣬵С꣬ˣӭһȦĽ͸ǽͻȻĺĿһθǱöͣ
磬Ҫˣ䶼챻ˡ޺޷סĶ
һٺһЦģзִġ
һģҿؿ϶䶨ˣʹҿɲۡЦõ˵
һ͵ҵ˰ɡȵЦ
ʱԾӵħŴ󿪣Ůɯһѩ׵Ϯ·޷˳һĳƺ֪϶ĹùǻʺǧҪдõļһ
ɯþòɺãûгְһشк
ɯһЦﲻһ˵ţǸҹתһƽԼݵû㻹ҰΪħɭˡ
Ůʱһı飬ɯ⻰ôԹһ㣬ѵһһﲻ֪ʱֹ
ʱɯҲԼеﲡ˼ģǻʺһǺһͳ˵ǻʺҲԵԼһȴûϢһ֪ȥμʥħѧԺһȵðմˡ
ɯ㲻ǽȥɡһٺЦ
ɡɯתҲ֪ΪʲôֻҪһѵԲȫӰ
һɯ˵⻰ŮͶʱOΣȸǽŲƵܣ찡ҪһһµŮɱˣôôùԹ԰


197 ϴɣ


ܵ⣬ܵúܲ㲻ǹȥһٺЦв
ȶʱһͣͷɥظ˽ȥԼ֪СвֶΣԼΪʲôƫƫͲаأ¿ɺãҪΪƴӵŮˣ֪أɫܲҪůɣղ½ɣֻҪҪŮ޵Ҫô찡ţȵһ̡
ߣҪǱСк˼롣һû˵ʲôƻҪˣ֪һ֪˻᲻ýһ١
ӵĹСզһôһ˧СĩԶ̤ĵطɽԺضͿټһʽĻЦ˵ʣ۾ΣһЩĹ󸾸ҷɣؽйǵ󷢣ϵħԪһӿ¶˼ȡ
ɯһ¥ĺһ´ӵװ޵ùرеƷλֻĿȴǲ֪ΪΣСŻǻʺĹ
һʶɯȱɯȥԸЩʲô飬ץһʵ
ʶ⻹ںɽʶġһЦϡŮ˵ش̳һƿɾͱúˣԾΪá
⻨Ĺзһɿ
ҧҧ´Ҳû˵ʲôһһ֣飬һƯĺŮҲ֣ǲ֪Ͳˡ
һЦĹĵץסСָ֣ӡ
һһĴ֣ذһۣȴ¶΢Ц
سһ٣ɫȫ
СꡣлʢˣӦòֻǺȺȲԳԷɣвĽĿһЦűɯ
ɯЦЦȻﻹжԡרŵĺỤ̊ҪҪһ¡
ԡôû˵޺˵
ԡյĹЧȫΪһ¾֪ˡɯ΢ЦŽͣһֿܱ׵΢Ц
ɯһ˵޺ŮʱԾԾԡ
ҸһϴɡһЦŵ
ȥŮЦ
ȻȻһһ˶Դһԡˣ߽ľԡңﲻֱֹⲻǰɣôҲˡ
һΧԡľϣû壬κˮ£ٴһɣõĸо
֨һԡҵͻȻƿһȴ۾ĩ֪ɯСŮûˡ
һ¶ؽ׳ɯһ죬ƨɺѩ׵ĴβҲס˲һԶһĵط£ڵһҹùõ㿼ǵôˣ
һĿͻȻӴһᱳ۰ⶼӲˣһ󡣡
㡭ɯһΪ˺ҵˡ
ɯһߣһѷſľϣ¶һʵĺһǵĺ飬ɯȻͣһģֻʱһɢž˵Щڸˡ
ŷˣ㻹Ǳ߿ɣķáһЦ
˭ĵ壬ûҪɯһСֲذһļ򣬸һӴƤ紥һܸоƤµļصر
ɯʼһļССϣһֱֱñɯɱһҽˣˡ
ǺǣͣˣոʲôһЦ
ҹùõ㿼ǵôˣɯظ
Ŷ°Ҳûüأúðһ˵һɱ㿼ˡһٺЦ
ɯһذһţ㣬һ㣬ұһ㣬Ŷ
ɯ˰Сʱ˫ۣһžһݺһ¡
Ӵıɱ׷򰡡һʹһе
˵Ҵ㡣ɯһҴ
ˣˣȥˣҵСֵָ޳Թһ뱴ɯЦţɯһȭ˿䣬·סͼıС֡
ɯһһĴ֣ת
ùõҲǹˣˣֻǺ͵Ů𣿡һٺЦ
ҵǧûһ̶ǲġɯѿڶ漴ַеﲡҪջȴˡ
Ǿ˵ǧһ̶ȱԸ𣿡棬һץסﲡֱǻġ
ɯ߻صһֻ⻰ʵЩټ˹һңһְ㣬ʱŴ˺ü
һЦҲòˣٿȥ϶СˤŶЦùõһûϸǹǧǻûʼ𣿵˰ٱұ㡣
ɯͷһҲ֪һǲǹģ˰ٱŮ֮ˣ˵⻰ǲǻǲ˼أ
ʵؿԩһˣһֻôһٱӡѿڶû뵽Ƿȥ
ɯͷҵ߳ԡңȴһסˡ
㻹𣿡ɯתʵ
һӿռָһóһѩ׵ĺãݸɯлл£ĺů͡
ɯ۾һ飬Ҳ֪ʲô񾭽С鶼˵˯ź󻹽ůĺϮϣԼֱµɽû뵽ϮڻţǲǶԼкøأɯ￪ʼ˼롣
ɯûнѣֻ˵Ϯ͸ˣŰɡ˵űתܳԡҡ
һȻеŮʽϮҡͷЦЦ͸ѲɽŮʽϮɨҡвɡ
ҹʱ֣һһ˴߳Ƥ÷۷ۡ
ۣԡĺ´Ҫһ±ɯôģȥҲһܡ˦ͷϵˮ˵
ǰЩŮҲܺãˣض˺üҲЦŵ
Ůһ·϶ߴߴ̸ԡһһߡ
Ȼǻؼ˯뱧һһ˯ģ޺ȴӲߣ˵ҪЩŮ˽ܻһֹһˡ
ȻһˣһҲõˣһ绨Ĵڵء


198 ģҵİ


һһǵĽǶصʣʱûϴħɭûܹԽɲˣһŵ²ɼӿٶȡ
صĩᣬȻɸɾӻŵһоʮֵиŮ˻ͦġ
һһþĩŻӦһ֪ŷԭ岢
һʧһƨɳϣڶ࣬զ䵽ؿչĵزأķ壬ȥ¥ڰ̻ǹľݵ㣬Ȼĩ˵ںڰ̻ӺλһҲµ˵λԲ͡ħɭ£̻Ӧɡ
һɳϣһ죬ƹϵһƿƹԹԵƮ˹ڣһҡҡͷȥǾɭİٻڡ
뵽ɭ֣һ㲻ƽ⣬ÿɰ¶櫣Ǹһݵľ鹫
ôˣţѾͷôأţǴӲݽֲ˼˰ɣӢڣһ˵ʵڵġһ𴳵ӡ
ʱ賿ʱ֣һȴǺ˯⣬Ժۻӹ֮һĻĻ龰пֵؿĵģҲвġ
ĵһʱ֨ѽһˣӰ˽һŹˡ
һûˣһΪൽأĿһŤŮЦһĻС
ˣԻˡһЦŸŷӰĵ㷢
أ´ˡ˵Ÿһҧһ¡
ڷĶһʱ˷ӦȵļͦСϡһڷķ۱ḧţͳǻط˯ɡ
ʱߺաﵱȻǧϣֻǡС֣һĿ䣬һסͦصĴֳЩǸһڲУҵǸˡ
һһͣʱû˻εЦЦûϵǾ͵֮ɣʱܡ
ĽͻȻ˲Ĭ÷ķӦһж֮Уֹס°̧ʼüĿ侹ЩᣬЩƣ
ʲô𣿡һеʵЩԼǾ쳣ûз֡
ҧҧ´ͻȻ૵ң𣿡
һȫһ𣬽ץס磬ɴ۾Ҫ뿪ңҾ뿪ң𣿡
忴һЩŤĿؼһץۣȴӲţֻοǣҲҪ뿪㣬һӶ뿪㡣
һʼ侲һЩ֪ΪʲôôķӦǵ˿̾ȻȥһЩӰһȥػŮһͶ˽ˡ
һ˻УʵǺڰ̻ʲô𣿡
һеͷ˵ڰ̻ˣұûȥһˡ
һ§˷壬ȴЩҲȥڰ̻ݷһˣ뿪ôûûҲ֪ǲǳʲôˣĵΪ˱ܻӳʦ߻ħ鲻һȦװɣǽ̻ʵĶǿ飬ûɷ岻ġ
ţͻȻ̧ͷЦ˵Ǻڰ̻һˣ
һһ׽סּѵѵģ
һ飬Щ£ͻȻ֪һУأǴŮˣŮ֪ôȡ˶еᷳ
ȥ֪ˡգգ۾¸һַ
һҪ壬ͻȻֶס壬ͷסһ£лл㡣
촽һʧıӰеһ˿ҲʧӰˣ仰µŲڤΣ
һշĵַһҺõ꣬˵ķ䣬һţ㷢һǿĽ硣
˭ڴһɳƵĺȡ
һһ㶡ģĵɱǧ򱶡
ԲߴˡһйػشתҪȥ
ʱͻȻˡһȫںɫеӰſڣһӰȻ࣬ػ
һǰĽɲʱ˻ϲתûûĵ
Ӱһƿͷϵ֣¶һƽޱȵһһμʱݳɵӣһƽȻӡ̣رĿȥһѽ§뻳Уһűһˡ
Ĵʱѱ˱ĿħǺڰ̻ɫˡ§סһؿڲȥǺݺݺһǾΥԵϢ
ţζˡһĻ૵
һĵȥζߵģԽԽ룬ֱľطֿ
һɳϣ濪˫ȹסĴϣ˾ôӵţ˴˼ȡŶԷǶصϢ
ģ⻵Ѿͷ˵þôһȥͰ࣬һΪǽ̻ʵĶӰôأȥ̽һ̽Ǻڰ̻ѡһĵرӲ
˵ĽŽһ£ֵʦ߻ħǺܺáֻһֱչҺдŸ㣬޶Ҳ֪Ҫ̻ʵĶͲõˣڽ̻Ҳ֪ȥˡ
ˣôأڰ̻Ľͷˣƭ˵ھɭأ´μúýѵһ١ʵ
ұʥħѧԺһѧǺǣˣ˵Ľͷ˵ǲǽ磿һЦʵ²ѾͷǹˣˣŮֶ֮εҲݣ岻ȻԼ
ţô֪ѵʶɾʶô͸¶ݣ
һƺ֪Ů絽ںڰ̻дʲôλأֻûͬ⣬һҲ˵
˵ͻˣعϵ˵ġһ̾Ĺ⻬ϸοţ૵ģԺҵ߰ɡ
ҲģǺڰ̻һЩ飬ֻǸ£ͺϻȥġҧ´ˮЩЩơ
һЦһ᲻ãǵ÷֡ŮͬʱҲǵĸ壬ϣԼŮΪʧȥңȻԼ飬Լܽأ
һҡ
ȥɣѺڰ̻鶼ˣȻңʲô˵֪ͨң˭ҵŮˣұȫҡһעġ
һůǳɭɱĻȴܰ§һĲӣ˫һҡ


199 Ůְ


Ϊ̫ûѹֵ˼ɽ緢һ̽ű˴˵壬ںˮĽڣÿһεʶֱÿһεĽ޷͵⡣
Ъһ§ģ̾һŴ͸⣬΢΢۾ʱָ们ɳôתȥ˵Ҳ˵ģ˻ֵͬʱҲ
̧ͷճյעŽüͷһḧƽͷϵۣһҪüͷϲЦŵ㡣
һץסĵСԼϣһЦЦܺÿ𣿡
ţܺÿů̫һáĽЦŵͷָỮһ촽Ļߡ
һſ콫ĵָҧͬһ䱦һ㣬רע
ĿһЩߣָ⴫紥ĸоָоԡ
һӦңʲôۣ㶼Ҫ΢ЦԣжôĶôѹҪ΢Ц𣿡ĸӣһǡ
һ§סģһѹڴһߡЦģҵı㲻Ҫ̫𣿼ʹҲҪЦⲻǿ𣿡
Ҫǿѡ׼ģֻ㿪ġˣ
ֻҪߣҾͻ쿪ˡһͳ˵ͷĵľϵĵ
ĸһԺĺڷʱһĴкһŨŨĸоڷͣҪﱬһ㡣ץסһĴ֣أȻҲʱʱߣҵġҵĻԶ㣬һ죬ʧϡҲزˡ
һ̧ͷӯӯģЦɵѾͷһúñܵءĴָĵġ
ɫǣڸأͻȻо鷿飬һ޳ܵļһڿʼˡ
ţ㰡һЦŵϷϲ˸Уֻתעˡ
ĺȴǷǳεҿɲŹ㰡
ղŲ֪˭ֱĵġһٺЦ
ĺߵһһƵϣְֻס׼
ʲôѲҪǿңһװһµϷǰʱ棬Ȥᵽһֲһرо
ˣҷǵե㲻ɣ㻹ܳȥŮӡĽЦѩ׵һƣһǲʵСֵܣһԼڡ
һŮʿһţһ˫ε׷ţһѣĿѩˡ
ؼʱ̣һ϶ŵͻȻͣоĽ紳˽ϢƺǹĽͷ硣
ǺûУʱˡ֪ڲ࣬ﻹЩĪĲ˵ʱҲˣˣҪ˵ûһ˽ģԼҲŰɡ
һĶ˹ؼʱ̣ϲ²µʮѹҪʱһȴһѰסһȡƣǼ
һʼĵϴ䣬žžײһһֱʼһ˿˵ﵴ
˴̼֮£һܿﵽ˸߳һ߿ԵĽΪⳡⲫսһš
ԡϴ߳˷ţһɳϡ
һлͬ˵ץסһ־ߣĲվڡ
õĸ¥Χһ硣ָŮò˷壬˵§סһĲȥ
ã֣һЦķ㼵ˣ
ţ᲻ΪҺС۶ϣ̧ͷʵ
ȻᣬҲأһЩΣŮ˶ȫȫⰮģȴֳ˲ȵļݣȷʵЩƽ
ðʵһԺһעģĳΪýãûи˵Ůɡ
Ų֪ΪηЦķ壬һЩ֣ûУµȻȥ˵㲻˵ô˵أ
ţһáͶסһ
¥Ŀ˿üЦ磬ֿ˿һЦһܾ֮ƺЩ֣û˵ʲô
֮ʣһĽӵطϲûûйȥ٣ȻЩѹյΪ˸õطꡣ
֮ʼŷֿһת籧ڻֻ˲õء
ţҪǵңÿҪҪһٱ飬Ϊÿһ飬ԿˡһĶ૵Сһ
ȥ¥գһûͣϲ˸УҲ¼ŮʵۡһõĿͷУŮĵζ˼ЩƮ
ͻȻѸ٣һʮֲϰߣ˰ǰһ飬֮ǣңһȴ̫ǣң᳦ٽᣬ飬ƺߵﶼһѵŮӡ
ɫѽƻ裬ϼȾһƬ͵޺죬еϿҲʼƻС鳲ʱߴߴ֯һֻŹҵһ·ӡ
һȥЩįڴϢȺ֮УĿĵ˳ǰƶšͻȻһͣס˽ŲתͷȥֻһһذףӰվڲԶȻ㳲ƺ֮䣬ôվԱߵƺ˿Ψһܹܵÿһ
Сһ૵ʳΪŮŮѿˣʶĲأ
һֿȺСߣʵң
ҵ˲𣿡Сһɬ
˵û±ң㣬ܻĳЩ顣һǰһֱСÿû뵽
С˲ͻȻʹһ£ȻǩѪһұעŮŮҪ˵ߣˣɱҡ
һȻСƺԼ
ߣٺ٣ŻŮְɣҪ˵ʳסУˡţǷʱҲΪ˽õ𣿡һаЦ۾´С壬ʱͻȻȣҲҪԼһµŮɣǷΪΪأ
Сһ˳ɲǺ˸ͨ͸͸ɴƺܼһɫɫĿЩʴӣоĿƺ͸ѿ˽ȥԼһ˿ҵı¶ǰ


200 ˣ


СĿ˸һͻȻһ̾һбѡҵˣֻŮѣֺαضأ
бѡ񣬴ҵǰʧӴ˲Ҫҵǰ֡һЦݵޱС
СȻ̧ͷһĿ͸ɴҧҧСѡһ֣СԸˣҪԸ⣬Ը
һ̾һϲСֹϵǰðֱ˵صʲô˵ɣûպĥߴ
СתӯȥסԺӡ
Ů˲ָʲôɣһֱֹ룬ԼǩѪ˻ħ޷Ӻ˵ģǱӸȥ
ĩԺӣһԺĸϢӦˣӶŵȫԱˣĩоɱӦòǳԼġ
Сȥ˶¶һһ͸ͫףʱһˣΪΪŮҲ޷ǰһԲ鿴Լĵ뷨ˡƿԺţü˳ĿվһԵһȥ
һü˽ȥֻԺվ˴бӶŻµӶܰվǰ棬ԷֱһһŮų
һܰǰϥһ䡣ӴһһǰţеȫȫֻʣһֱվУһ֮˭ĸо
ܰģӽԺһΪˣĪҲӣӶšܰǻëȥͶشžˡ
ͬʱܰӶҲѧطķƽʱ߰
һĿſڵС˵һĻѾͷݳģѪĹϵһ֪޶⣬ֻΪĸҲ͸ԼǰˡҲ̫һɡ
һþûлش𣬶ӶſŲһ˲䣬һԺӹͷ΢΢ЦЦȻһȺЧļһҸʵȻǾ°ɡ
ˣȻôг⣬ΪҰɣԺˣүһָ°͵غЦ
ǣлүܰԴӵһ˵һλεۿȵһС˵ֻиʵԼ롣
һͷЩӶ»һȦÿһһĿⶼӵر˿ˣûһ˸֮ӡ
ΪܰԣҲµˣһҪǾԵģԺ˭ģҰܽãܡһĿű˵ɱһһ̧Ժһװһ˶ߵľʯû㳯ȥֻһһգʯȻڿһ٣·ٵػΪϸСʯۣʯأγһĲ֣ɱ
ежһȻһʵͼʶˣϴڳݵһϷǿɶ湦ģû˵˼һëɱһɱ֣˭Ҷİ־¡
һС˹ָ䣬һָһˡ
Сһŵֱð麹ѵһڱҪŮְǿô죿
һһƨһϣʵȣ˵ɣ㵽Ԥ⵽ʲôˣΪʲôӶЧң
Сͷվһǰ棬˵ͷ˵ߵ£½ľԽԽƽȣ۹µ۹սģԽԽ󣬶ǿ۹Ҳƫ۹ľ˰µı߾ϣ۹γ֮໥Ӧ
Ŷ𣿡һüͷͻȻ΢΢һЦԼ԰µ۹ӵһźһЩ
ж֮ܿҪȥˣƱؾ뵽⼴½ս֮УҸݺɳΪֻиߣŻʵ֡С
һҡҡͷЦ㲻Ԥ˰ɣҲûоսĴ㣬½ʲôӶʲô顣
СŵضһһЦˣһģ㲻룬Ҳɲ㡣
һٺһЦֻҪҲԸ⣬ûܹǿҡ
ǾĿԴɡСͷ΢΢ЦЦ
ʱѺͷ׵ħƽǳװĲ̺죬жȾһɫʡ
һ˼ʥħѧԺȥСĻصڶߡʵһԼ˵ôţһ仰ڽѣڸ˵ûдﵽӰʱ仰ԶǶԵġ
һȥˣôŻ˼ţһĶͻȻһֻ޺޻վ¥£Ĺĵ
һ̧ͷǰ§סһ촽һ£ԶŮһȺֱУߵؽͷһĻ
ߣɫǡȲֹ
ȣҵĹԹŮһ¡һȺٺЦ
˭Ůɱ˵Ӱҵ㸺𰡡Ⱦʡ
һһۣŮ˰˻֣ˣøƽϣԼҪڹСȥɡ
ȼһһںӣĪЩ
ȣô˵㻰أ׿ӦеģԸķǹԹҶһµŮɣҪȻһῴġ޺һضȵǻԾ
޺ޣ˰ɡһĻ̧ͷ˵ǴﲻԸ⣬ôһŮһɫǵŮܱеùͷʣůĻֶһŲԸء
ǣ޺޵Ļ˵ñȽϴΧ۵˶ˡһʱ䣬ʥħѧԺڿڿഫһشţʥħѧԺԺ˹ŮȳΪһŮˣܹΧ۵ԽԽ࣬һ˽ֵ鷢
ۼԽԽ࣬ȵҲһһףźߵߣ˵ӿ
ΧȦʥħѧԺһƫƧĵط
޺ޣô˵Ҳǽðôǳ磬ȻȥⲻҪүүһ١Թ
ֻ˵ʵ˭˵㻰޺Ц
㻹ЦԺô˰˵˾һһµŮҿû˵ʲôʱ䰡ʮ󣬰һ¶԰ǿ
һб۳ȣû뵽Ů˻˸ۣҲȷʵû˵ʲôʱ䡣
ǸԼ͵ûɡһʼ


201 Ǻ


˵ʲôðѧԺﶼˣ˵ڶүүȥˡ˵
һƲƲ죬ߵܣֵ˭ǱӦ
㡭Ⱥ޺޵ת˼Զ㶵سǸ˵㻰һӵ޺޵ĻʮܣѲҪһ֮ŮһµŮɣ
֪Ϊʲôһһ㣬˵ܲϣԼһôһ
ԥʱһڲݵ޺һһҵؿߡ
СãҲûȥ˰ɣ𣿡һСĻʵ
룬ȷʵеˣҪȥ𣿡һĸ첲ʵ뿪Ҳһˣ˵ƭ˵ġ
ǰ磬ǲǴȥˣ޺ޱһһֻ֣ظ޹˼ɵ档
һûгż壬ȷʵһصĹУҪȥȫȫ磬磬żļң۹Ĺҡŭ٣ǷҪȥأһٱʱŭжۣ̾һ
Ҳ֪ٿɡ˵һȥͱǰյĿˮˡһԳЦ
𣬸ӵһ絶õĿܼĨЦݣ˲֪ͱһǰǸѧаŮ޶
һе΢΢ͷüҶʵ㻹ں𣿡
Ĭֻ§סһĸ첲˫ؽ˽Ǻ塣
磬⻹ôģǺأ޺ޱȷϡʵȴ
޺޵ĻһǰһߣĺܿģǰĩеĿġֻǣֿľǲǴǵһΪһǿװҲԺˡԼģһ˿ĺɱټ٣ǷǷֲˣἰôһֱĵعȥһἰ⣬һˮһͨ͸ػǸʹԼ
̧ͷǿЦղ˵ʲôûˣ޺޶Ůӣأ
һɿظ첲ĵûɵһŭһѹ˲סðڵŭ𣬴飬뿪ˡ
ˣ磬ôǴк޺ǿһðŭ۾æػתƻ⡣
м£ûüһٿǱõҲȥˣȻվŤͷߡ
һһ£ʶס䡣
һתĿֱЩŵĿ˵ڻشңǲǻң۵ЦǳĻװġ
ҡһ㡭Щ֪룬ֻԺһƬңǸʰҹʼǰ֣ȻȻ¶˺һ˿ã
һһʹһֱΪ׵׵ذеĺʧӰˣǿԥ벻ȷиոձ¶ĺ⣬ӿΪںΪѰŮˡ
ڱ˿ַŭɣҲһϲǿ𣿿ǣһˣرһڸרƵˣôԼŮ˻ںأһʼΪ˿ˣʲôһ˸е㲻ˣϾĸݲһɳӵġ
һһԼ֣󲽳ǰȥ޺޿˿ǰ׷˹ȥ
ʱȻع񣬻ͷһߵˣЩ㲻״૵ô˼˵㻰𣿡
޺׷һסֶһСˣƢ
磬Ӧʲô㶼ԭġ޺޽ŵһ˵
һ̾һ޺޵ԴЦʵҲԼΪʲôôûأôö޷³ޡ
޺վ˵磬ҾͲ㿴Ѱ㣬ֻԼˣǰ˺̫ˣĴͲܿһ𣿡
һһͣЦӣ޺޵Ľѵȥɣһȥ͸͸
޺޷ſһӦһǵһοһôӣĵؿһ߻ȥˡʱߣ˵ʲôҲӦЩģ㲻Լողŷһôһ¾ͱˡ
ʲôôˣȼ޺޹ĵʵ
޺ҡҡͷһʱҲ˵ǻȥɡ
ȱһ𣬵޺޵ƺԼ֪һ˻ȥˡ
޺ǣһ԰׵߽Ůᣬʱŷøոջĵɳеʵ⺢ôˣ𣿡
޺ҡҡͷǷһЩ飬ܿûµģŷ費õġ˵ţȥˡ
ͷڴϣ̧ͷʱ棬ס޺૵޺ޣ˵ҾôˣҵǰǺ
޺ްοıԼģ˵һûʱ˼һУΪģΪŮ˶ԴףΪԸſģѹԸѹ뽫һж޺˵˵ʼ˵Լ˵
޺˵һк񶼺Ǻϣûһʱ˼ΪŮ˶ԴףΪĶģѹѹѵǰ𣿲ΪҪװģ
ˣˣ˯һɣͻᷢһжˡ޺˵ƵڴϣȻ˱ӡ
޺ޡͻȻס޺ޡ
ţ
˵һǲˣƵʵ
ǰԼأԼΪʲôԲ㡣޺ЦŵϷ΢Ц߳ȥš
޺ЦݣЩؿϣղŵǷ˵ģģǷһ˵Ļǡ
޺ޣʲô޺޺ݺݵش˴ԴڿתȦͻȻ˳ȥ


202 ּŮʥ


޺ֻµûţǧͷһģҡ¥߳¥¥µĴµʯϣ̧ͷǿգЩ־Щã
һһɢɹâ̫ʱ޿̲ǵĿ⣬رŮӣԿϵʱʱа΢ЦʱʱƤЦ̬ȣǿʵɫòɸЦĬٱŮҲᱻڻ
޺̾һ˵ʦôܽһѧӵ̥ǳòĩ䣬һжƺһƵģʱĻ˾ǲĶ磬ֻ糤һ˰ˡ
ǶǸöð޺ʶ૵
ע޺޵ŷĿ¹¹¶޺ޣ̾ԩŭǻСĺöӣѵע𣿡
ŷ߳ᣬƻĲգۼ㵽޺޵ߡ
ӣʲô𣿡ŷ޺޵ߣļʵ
޺תͷŷĹ񣬲һᡣô֪ΪʲôԼΪôʧֻ̬ŷůС
ŷ۵ؽ޺§뻳С˵ʲôߴ裬Ͼ˼꣬˵Ϊ취
һֱʮеŷ裬޺ͻȻӿһǿҵܾˣ˵ǿԼȥ룬̵úࡣ
ŷ裬Һʹ࣬ĺʹࡣ޺ҧݳš嶼΢΢ȭͷ÷ˡ
ŷ迴޺ʹӣ۾һ졣Ҳᣬ۵żҵĳСӣѵŮӵ𣿡
ӣ˵ɡ˵һ㡣ŷ޺޵ıοš
ŷ裬ҾȻȻԼ׸磬ǸҪĻŮˡأǲҪĻŮˡ޺ŷ軳ʹţ촽ҪҧѪ
˭˵ǲҪĻŮˣ˭˵ģǳСʲô˵ģظŷͻȻش
޺̧ͷҵ׸ѽ
ǡŷڶ
޺㶵ŷ衣
˵أһ㶼񡣡ŷ㶼æ
޺ҡҡͷ૵ô᲻أǸжð
ɵѾͷİǾȥɣݣܱô𣿡ŷ踧޺޵㷢һȥ촽ϵѪ
޺ʹҡҡͷеģеģ֪ҵ˼϶ˣñ֪ƱüߣҲô
ǾĬĬؽһзɣʱ嵭һеأӡŷ
ǡ
ˣ뿪ɣԶԶģͻˡŷƵỺ˵
뿪뿪޺૵ظţƤʼǦһֱС
޺޿Ҫ۾ʱͻȻȫһ۾ҡͷҲ뿪Ҳֻ̫࣬Ҫվ߿ͺˣͺˡ
ŷ̾ţעأȻزˣһо˳ȻɣǳСӸҸ޺⺢ίǰƤɡ
޺ƺҵһĿ꣬ǵģܼһƺʲôˡ֮޺޵ʱ࣬ϮټŷĸһůĻ˯˹ȥĩɡ
ŷ˯޺ޣ̾˿૵ӰһҪҸ
ʱŷĿһãһͷ׵ͷ˲ںڣƵҲһƬ⻬ǳķϣϴϮһŮʥŮҲ˵ϸ޺޾м˿һĻΪĸŮɡ
һʥħѧԺɽϣɮ붨˰һΪϵһϵŮر£Ƕһرĸоټվ飬ԸոյķӦŻôɡ
ţ컹ȥɣӷǰС˵ģԼѡһ֮ǰַӦװ̫ˡ
ʱһܵظоһΣ̱һʧԭأѵ˿Уոʯ鱻һɫĽ÷顣
㣬㰡ҪôкһŲԶһ۵Ц˵ոտǾһ亹ء
һСӣ
һٺЦ˵ҹң֪ʲôҪ
Ŀעһֱ䣬类һ߶סһ㡣
˵úöõģŲͷ
һӣЦﵽˣŮѵʱ̶Լôһз紵ݶ֪ˣңôôѵﲻɣһ˼
ЦƤǰɡһ˵
һʼ磬ɫ֪ҼүүôĽ飬Ҿǳֻ֣֮˽£㲻ù̫ܵһ𣿡
һȻܵ黹ûйܲŵġ
һЦһһ϶ܲš
ʲôʵ
үүġһЦš
Ȼɫһ䣬о޽ָһһӴǵسӿȥ
˵㣬Ҳ¶Ҳ߳ɻɣôҲһˡһһþֵţһٺЦ
¾޽ɢֻʣһɵ˸ꡣ
˸УһͻȻЩԲסǱ㣬Һ˵˵ɱϣôƯүү϶Եת
̧ͷһЦ˵Сӣżֶһƭˡ
ʲô˵ĿȷȷʵʵĴʵһЦŵ
ˣͱҹԻˣԺŮˣ֪ǰƤɡ
İɣҲԣԺ󲻻ˡһϴĵ׵һ˿ʣ޺Ҳôǽһ飬һִں޺޲Ҫᵽġ
˵ͷ˵½ƴٸӣңҲ쵽ͷˣ¼ǵ˼С
˵Ӱʧںҹ֮С
һϰԸ°ͣŮ˵ôͷһǵõ뿪ʱŭҲô


203 ŭ


շһĨǰף۹ǣż帮ۡŭ鷿ħȻšŭкһ鱨̫Ѩ
ʱŭĴ򿪳飬óһŻչˣһԼһԪ䶫мһֻжСкСкһ˫ƯĴ۾͸¶һ
⸱ŭƣ¶һ˿Ц⣬૵СӣûʧѾͷˣǸ㸸׳սʲôҶ
ʱһβŽŭʱ뻭ʦȫҸ˵үҲ˰ɡ
źߣǳСӸֻ㷭ѣ㣬岻ôʲôŭ»е
̾һүĲ뿪ҶˣҲ֪úòãûгԱůûмıӻ᲻ܱ˵۸˵˵ţۿ
ʲôǸ˵úܺ𣿡ŭ˵
ϵĻŻƯСҵͷ⣬ǲ̤ʵÿζεү˽ɣȥҷǷ˲ɡ
ˣˣ缸ȥˣٹЩӣͿˡŭץסСֺǺЦ
ģϾͿԼҵˣϲʵ
Ȼأʲôʱƭ㰡ŭӸ˵ӣ˵ͷӵı仯»Ӹ˰ɡ
鷿ȦСҵȥΪһЩҾߣ·ҲҪףϲյòˡѽôöûˣ⼸úúһ
ʵڡЩ˰ɡŭЦ
ʲôҶҪЩﹻˣϹӲǻ𣿵ɡҲʡٲˡ˵
ŭ°͵ĺӵͷǸóɼˣһת۶ʮˣҾȥ˵һ˵Ϲ׼һ¡
ʱ鷿һؽ֪Ȥ˵ȳȥˣүһû˯ҪЩϢ
һƮȻɽʱ峿ʱ֣ɽ½½ѧʦˣһЦݵسк˭һʥħѧԺء
һЦǺǵػӦţסȥѾͷһϣӦͣ˰ɡ
һʱһʵӺ洫˹
һɻתһеģϻһСӵ곯һʶǶѧԺһʦһ죬ʱֵʱЦʦǾ
ʲôһʦһЦʵ
ʶңһЩ
ٺ٣ʥħѧԺ˭֪ʦĶһЦŵ
ԭҲôһЦ
ǰǵһ氡ҵʲô°һЦŹάȻʵһڵȷʵС˼λȥǰۼû˿֮ȼ硣
һҿ˿ûע⣬ͻȻֲؽ棬һֵơ
һͫһżеƣȷõġ
һδһһ硣
һμǼݴţĿһ쵥ϥ¹򣬴ӿռָͳһľͲݸһ
һӹͲû뵽żĴôʥħѧԺߣݻһ㡣
һӣ浹һ˿չ
ûһһ㿴ˣһգٴſʱֻһ˿ȴǲӰ
֪ʦżӺλһȤʵ
һһ㶣ĩ͸¶ݡ
һͷˣû߰ɡ
ǣһתȥȴͻȻתȰѽ⿪
Ŷˣٺ١һЦȥ磬һ콥нԶرӰ˼
ŵȷŭдģ˵½ƸӣҲܣȥæлᵽ׶˼ɼһ첻һ졣
ҪҪȥأһһ߳Ůȥһ߿š˵ʵǹҲϳһʱˣðմȥˣ֮ûս𲨵ӿ϶ǲģżһ»òӾˣһǲӾʴ̼


204 Σͷ


ȥǸѡһŷ֮ĶԹԹһȥƱǣ浽˵棬ʱҲɲˣԽ
һһŮ¥£һ۱㿴æŵŷ裬һ˽ȥ
ŷֱӣо˹ȥһתͷһЦЦ
ŷ裬˯ÿɺãһЦʵ
ŷ΢΢һɳСӣȥ
һٺһЦȷŷǸԼүүһȵŮʥˣֻǻɣΪһȥμðմǰϦŷʶٴμŮʥ֮˻ɣôһԣԳˡ
һ¥ȥȴ˼ţǹУر࣬һýʥΪҪݳһŷɣʥħѧԺأӦһĿİɡ
һ޺Ĵţһ˽ȥȻὫŹסûˣԡﴫˮ˭ԡһƿҵţһԣȴһˣôԡԡһˡ
ɳϡһԡҵţͷḧȫǽ׵񾱣µǡӿ壬±ƽ̹С£¡
һջǵģĿһƬȣȥϴԧԡȷԼ⣬һٺٹЦ
Ķжһվŵ˹ȥְסԡҵŰ֡һ㿪ˡ
ԡҵŻ򿪣УһѩױӰһǰǱرͦѩ׵ƨɼֱѣΡ
ⲻһһÿλޱϤȻҲͬϢǰԲ
˼ϴأһ𡣳˶תһתͷһǸոմӳתΪ𾪵񣬽һٳʯ״̬
һ㵵Ŵʱǰһ˿ҵ壬Ǹ߸飬ĵĹһɣֻ˾С޺ޣ⡭
ľȻضţ𾪵ػزȻһһѹæתͷŴϣһƨɳϴԺȴƲסظֳոһĻ޵ͷ
һ˦˦ͷԼһӣﲻͣصҵãں˼ʲô
ȴһֽɵĿУһ𣺡ʲôðֲԣǲİ˰ˣʲôأ
һͷһһŽͷסֱаͷɢΪֹ
һεĲ֪Դԡ޺ȴǸǲӣ֮Уˮ⻬ļϡ
޺֣βҪģҪӿһеϲáһĸ磬ŵĸ磬óԿеЩϲָо֪һ֪ĵСܣĻ᲻Ӷأ᲻Ͳأ
޺ԡԥãվֱӣħվŵԼɣ˫ͨ죬һɢŴСŮˡ
޺һҹŷĶԻŷ˵ܿ׳ɼȥݺݵءȥһôԶԶ뿪ҪߣôͰĵأá
׿׳ɼ޺޲ûʹעɶ˻ȼԼҲҪȥúңɽҲϧǣһûǵŮһǵĸ壬һع⣬ضߣĵıһ֪Ϊݵ˼֮Զͬİ·Ϊ̫Ĺ˼ɣһһӵãʹֻõһĹػˡ
޺뵽齥ָøӴ˳ȥ
磬ôҶ磬ҪҿԾˡ޺òĽ˵һߣܻرסֱۣǰһ㡣
һ޺һεĻͽ֮εջΣΪոԼԺваеͬʱҲԼСãĺܴ
Ƕ粻ԣûˣΪأٺ١һЦ޺޻ʪģɢ㷢
磬糿ܵҵķ˯ˡ޺Ц绨˭֪зء
⣬ֲɣô֪㷿ȥˡһЦת˫޺޵㷢һˣһɺůķ˿뵵ˮðʪܵͷܿˣ˳⻬
޺ް۾һůľٶиӼᶨҪǷݰĵףԶһܵСãȻİõؼȡĵů
磬ͷòã޺ͻȻ૵
ͷðҵտ˫һЦǰҲԣΪеʱĿŮˣ̸Ů˸ȤĶǽӽǵЧֶΣⷽҪ˽⡣
޺ޱһ£ٲһ˿ֱ£һʵ̫Ưˣһǰɴĩ㷢
һ˫޺޵㷢ضţ޺޵ʷǳƮݣе㲻ʳ˼̻ӣһĩΣֻǽ˫ߵķ˿۳һٺϵģȻ̶ͷһֱͷĲθУŪôɢ䣬翨ͨŮһԵòʵ
磬ûа㲻ὫǵСŪԵŮħͷɡ޺޲޵ĵ
ϾͺˡһŪ֮ͣߵ޺޵Ķ涨ضͻȻҡͷ̾һ
ôÿ𣿡޺ʵ
һҡҡͷ̾ǣ̫ÿˣֱǷ绪һ߳ȥǲкͬ𣿡
Ϊʲô޺ʵ
һ궼㹴ûˣ⻹ǲк𣿡һǺЦ
ᣬǶĻôûҹ߰޺޳ԳЦ
ȥǰ໷СӿԱȵġһƨû˵ʵոҲһɲǵʧҲòϣ޺޵еľˣرԡ֮ɢŵǴϢ˵ջ
ʱ޺ҵͻȻˣ˯վſڣ㶵Цŵá


205 ŭˮ


޺޻ͷȥ齩˽ָֻЦˣͷƯƯ
ƳƳһ˹ķͣ÷˿̳İٺϣڱĳǷǳƯ
ʱ޺վԭתȦ˿ƮתͬŮ·һ㡣
Ư૵¶Ľ֮ɫ
ģԼȥ޺Цһңױ̨ǰؿžǸƯòմŮԼ
޺ҿһƬϲɱ˷ܵ§סһĲһ£֮Цˣ㲻ɡ
һȻǲ⣬ڲ½ҲûУҲûԵʲôֻЩģ£һǲǻأһϣܻһЩ㯣Ӧİĵ׵ʹķƵĸоеģҲ٣ֻ˵ľصˡ
һⶢһ§˻Сûˣصƨ˼ƣʹӯӯȴõġʾһԭ˰ɡ
ڿʼ廹ĶˣǸ˿Խ죬Ҿͽƨɴÿ𣿡һ°ͣĿⶢ
šҧ´صͷ
һصͷһ¡
磬ҪȲҸû˵ĵطﶾĩŮ޺첻
ߵشһ޺޵
һЦЦһƨɳϣҾˡЩ̻ǣҲһȥɡ
Ү̫ˣڿԻؼˡ޺˷ܵҲһûȥˡ֮ǰûôù
һ޺޻ع񣬵硣Ϊʲôǲأ㻹ʲôҪ𣿡
һͷ鹫¶櫻ţǴڻûйĽ뿪֮ǰȥһ˾ɭ֡
磬㻹ʲô°ҪȥĸСðɣ޺޿Ц
¶ˣҪȥһ˾ɭ֡һЦųϣЩ¶ѾˡҲûҪڡ
ȥǸƯľ𣿡ʵǵõʱǹʱһƯ崿С顣
ǰһͷ
ǴһȥɣҺȥʶһ´˵еؾɭ֣˵￰ɾǲ½ĵط޺һҲ¶
һ룬ȥɭҲûʲôɣ´ǹ֪Ҫȵʲôʱأ˵ͷŮԼǡ
Ů˵Цһ֮ǰظҺܿʧָֻ罺״̬
ʱ֣ȹѰŮһһٿϵֱֹ컹֪ʲôԭֽˣôһģˣǸ㲻
磬Ůˣʹɡ޺Ц
һЦЦ˼ҲϾˣʵŮҪҲա
һһףߵ˭˵ҲˣȿԶ֮ˡ
һһüƲүүѵ˰ɣĲ鲻ԸŮҲҪ
һۣȵ˵Ըķ䣬ҲŲҪڹء
һһЦԭȥŮȻ˵ȥӵ
һͣתȻЦӦǣˡ˵űñӵһ裬ݵһǰЦˣò衣
һӹ豭˸߲ҵȣвѾͷôôˣĪǱűŰ򡣡
һһڲ裬ϸشȣµ٣㷢ǰ͹̵ģզһ͸һֻĸо
˼ҡȱһЩߣ
ĿһȵƺЩĳɷڣһΣյźš
ǺǣҿҵŮ𣿵˾ͿˡһЦ
һ㶣ʵҪߣ
ţôãҲûȥˣҲҵŮǸԼô˰ɡһ˵
ǡǡګګŲ֪˵ЩʲôҲζӳ£ЩɬЩᡣ
ˣ˹ͷŮһһѻҿأһٺЦ
ȴ½ǣЩӲģһͲأ˭ԸһŮˡ
һʼ磬ƤöǳԷȥ
¥˭֪;иպ¿εˮգؿɺãŮˣǱǧĿ⼯עӣмʵġ
һƤĲؽ˵עĿָо˵ʵǳڿʥħѧԺһˣԺ뿪ѧԺָоҲˡ
¥ϰǵ˷ָʾӭǰǸᡣ
ϯУˮմӼŮе֪һȥϢʱľżŵҲӦ֮ü˶һ
ΣˮղŻعĬؼӣʶذʳܾãʵҪ𣿲ˣ
һһۣСݺһзĻһʦˣ˺ǵĨʱǵĹ΢Цôϲ
һһȼһͣʱϵСҲ§
϶ģǲ֪Ҫȵʲôʱˡһ˵
Ŷ𣿡ˮմӦϵһӾŮ˼Ĳ
һתеĿӣ̬һļŮпЦѣģǵӻȫˡ
ǳţȥϸһЩܲƵգŶ
һ⿪ӣرߴڱ߷ŷˮʱͻȻ˿ˮմһ߳˽
һˬ䣬զһŮ˳˽ʱһ˿ϣסҵؽһֱ
ʲôŮڶ档һЦ
ˮջһŹϷסһһһ
һֱģŮ˲̫ĪｫƵɡ


206 аּа


ʲôһһڿˮʵ
ʲôҴ㡣ˮһץҧģֱһЦãôҲǸʦôظһҪ߷쭵СŮˡ
ˣˣˡһҪˮƿǰһűץһȶеԵ⣬ս·Ӧץסʲô˺
ˮպ۾գҲգضһռҵıˡ
Ҳǹġһһ̯֣ͻȻƺЩǣǿ
㡭ռҲռˣԸĨ˾ˮ˵ŭһ
ⲻǻû𣿡һֹ
ԡŶô䵭Ǵıǲǣˮյһ˵ĻҲ
һпЦѣʼʱȷʵôһ˼ߣ˵ҲֻܹݵֶΰˣС椴ĵθڣÿؼʱ̾ˣֻ֮֮ˡħɭ﷢ô£ٰкŮˣУǲ㵽ˡⷽŮ˶Ҳһ°
㲻˵Ǿͱʾ˵ˣڱҲˡŪ˼ϰ˯˯ȣôԶأˮպ޺޶˶ţһĻ
ůвһʱеһֱĴ̼ûƿˮգԵЩαˣ־˵Ͷͱĸ˻ɵþܾأ
һסˮյ磬̾ұûȥˣô˵öżѪҺЩұеġ
ˮս˽һૣҸһߡ
һЦЦҪͷͻȻһЩʲôǰǸݰŭܻǰּ󣬾һ֮ʶ֮ĵɽ¶ˮˣᵽǵľƣϺͻʵսֿµ۹ʵǿˮúܣһСľ֮֡Ϊһ۹Ļʵۣϼĵλڰиٹ̣˽¿϶ҲӴŭ֮භʤĩ֪֮Ψһ϶ǽǱؽӿ־½ŮȥǺرǻʵս֮ŮʱҺŮ˽ξ
ˮռһþûлش𣬱һᣬ㲻ϴߣ
һعḧգǲϣǲܣһȥ֪ᷢʲôأʹʥħѧԺɣغҪ㣬ѵĶǲˣҲ֪Ƕôϲ㡣
ˮ㶣ȷʵ᲻ðЩŮǡ
ҽˣ޺޲ҲҪһȥ𣿡ˮƵ
ǡҲȥһһ¶ĽŮʥħѧԺ
һһ˵ˮձҲҲɷˡ
˻صϣŮһдŴ۹⿴ˣñǿһʾ
һȻŮȥˣŮҪúðͽһӦǻȥģַڣˡ
һȥһүүذ칫ҰɣԸҿȥ緹ȶһ˵
ͷң֪ʲô𣿡һʵ
ô֪ܽүүͷͷģһ㲻û
ƨѾͷ֪ʲôͷǶ𾴣Ժ϶ҪɹˡһٺЦ
ǿʶȺһ
һЦЦû˵Ҳȥ˹ͷأҪһ¹ڻɽ飬ô֪ɽĴڶһ֪طģ
صʥħѧԺһмŮȻȥ㳯˹Ժȥ˹ԺǶĶص¥һ˵Ŀռ䣬»жңһħⶰ¥
ոߵ¥ǰһоһǿĽ磬оƺˮϵϵĽ塣
ƽȻһֺϷħҲͬ
湻ʵģѲˮҲ档һֹӿתٶȡ
ʮ֮һɹش˽ȥһȥһֵĴû´ӦһһŮѵһ˳һаͷ
˳һһ䷿⣬ȷǴﴫŤŰѣбŷһľĿɿڴӶ˳


207 ƨ


һĿԭأ찡ʲôֻ䷿䶼ҲյĺۼбĺۼȻЩ˷Ӧ˹ã¶˰ƨɣѹһͷŮϣ嶶ţﻹĴϢ
ҿϲģһ˻͵ԣɿģﾹȻվѵҩ˲ɣһ
һﵱȻƽˣ˹ôˣȻһŮ˺ݺݣֱ̫ˡһΪʲô֪ŮأΪŮϵĿҲã¶ѩ׵ļһ̫̫ôӵеԵƤأ
һﲻޣƳع̻൱ң˴Ŷ缢ƿʰɣԲһļϣԼ
һһЩԾˣôƶͣ㵽˸߳Ҳû˭߳ôûûɢģǴϢƺҲõĴϢʹ
һæų˽ȥͼ˹ͷ亹ʹŤšһһѽʼżµǸŮˣˮյˮ磬Ҳ˫Ŀһʹ࣬ͬҲ¶Ƭѩ׵ļ
ѵڵ̫Ŷôᱣһ˻ԵôᣬһֹŮʥ˵Ҳ̼Ȼôᣬ
һֹͣ˼룬˵ϰ˰ֻңʱǿʱٿݵǼʮа˾ħʱ⡣
һϵŨˮħԪأںֱײƻڵ֯
һ²ԥͳٵͬڲܿƵħԪءԼʶħǿһЩ
һж㶨½ħˮƽĴħʦ˹ȻϵؾǾ˵ˡ˼˴˵ӲûСŮСк㾪ŴУ̴ӿռָͳһѴϡ
λ̫һɣôҲò̫ˡһٺЦҲֻŸҿλħʦЦˡ
˹ôӵ۾һͨ죬Ҫ廹һ佫Сյʬǲʣ
ˮȴǲȻһǳЦһǰɣ˵Ĵˣһն𡣡
أʲô𣿡һЦʵɲˮĻǿ׻ֱ˲ռײռˮڲ½Ӱɴء
ˮЦСӣ˵ǰ㣬ðɣֻҪҪҿԾŬ㡣
˵İΪħʦɲ˵㻰һٺЦת׶˹ͷʲôҰ
Сӣ㻹ҪǹŮƭȥŮ˻ϴλթһǧϾңҪʲô˹Ӻƺ޲ýһƤһ㡣
ŮŮϸҽˣ˵һһ룬ɱϺŮһ顣һٺЦ
ߣСӵػӻ治٣ˮ磬Ҫĵ㣬Ůɱˡ˹һˮ
ˮЦһĿ´һͷŮѱˣҲ˻һ㡣
һ˷ۣ˹˵ͷʲô°
˹һŻ£˵Ȼˣ˵˵ħɭ飬ӵʦ˵ȥ˵ͼĵط
һüЦΪʲôҪ㡣
˹һͣ۵Ժѧøҡ
һƲƲ죬תߣҪ̤ſڣһСĻž˹һͷҲһȥ̶ֳȵħ˵ֱΡ˭֪һر˿һķϮĿ¡
һŭϲĹﲻþȻӣһȰ˹һűƨɡ
˹һһ֪һûı£׼һӡĽ伶ϵ˿ǿǻܳʱ䡣ֻһ³ȵİ֣ڶʱһ¯һŵĸ˲佫еļҾ֮ڵĶΪ˻ҽķΧȽϼУҪΪ˱ʩ߱ҪȻ¥˲ɡ
ˮ絹Ǽ磬˹ʩʱͬʱʩųһϵ磬ûܵӰ졣
Ŀİ׹ȥˮһһȫվԭأŻ˵ƣԭվһߵ˹ȴӰһӣŷ˹֫ŵճ˶ǽϣһЦ˳
ˮ߹ȥ˹ǽһεİӡЩ֣ǽڿƳɵģһһǳô˹Ӯħʦôһ¶ûС
ˮ糯ȥһȻһǾﶼڵر¶ǰ
СӣôôˮҲ΢죬Ȼһˣôһ˵ҲʵЩΡ
˹Ҳع֪һһɾе͸ǽϣҪȻҲѲƤһСƨɣʵЩһһҲͬĿ£֣ͬˣôСӵıǮôۺأͬʱһûаսĺۼеȣԤƣ伶ķħǿ϶˲ģҲӦе˰ɣɿƺ
һп֪Ȼ˹ǷûƤĻϵħԪȴһڣ类סһ㶯áʶеĻϵħ˿ʼڵĻϵħԪأÿһ֣ɫ͹һ֡
ϰ죬һŻָж˹ֱֱ۾æͳһϣƤһϼһǼʣӱ֪ˡ
ͷҲ̫һɣȻóôյʽҲɥȪһ顣һߵس˹ǡ˻ϵѱյĿȫˡ
˹ЦСӹô࣬ҵȻзִģǵյ㰡
һһ˵ӣǼȰɣҲˡ
СӺ˵ЩʲôҺ˹оħʱ⣬˵Ҳͷˮȴǲˣסһݺݵ
һͶ˵˵ˣҳȥɡ
ˮҪÿӣ˹ȴˣСӣҲԣ͸ĩ֪ĵﵽ׷ʲô飿
һٺЦЦգգ۾̬ãɣһŲţ


208 ⿪Ľ


ޱ˹һڿҰħɭ־ҲȻܾûгˣ֪ǵؾԲħɭ
ٺ٣ͷͷ˵滰ûšһʼЦ
Ǳʲô֤֤һ˹
һü֤ȻУϵԽСĸٻֲǱΪ˰ֶ˷һαĻᡣ
֤ûУŲŲ㣬ҲиҪ㣬ô֪ɽ뿪ķģһֱʵΪЩٶЩǣ
˹ɫ΢΢һ䣬ָܿҸ˵ܣ˭Ҳߡ
һ˹֪ͷƢ˵ôҲ˲ոͷᵽɽʱͱɫĪǵɽׯĺˣǺͷɽׯҲǧ˿Ƶϵ
һû׷ȥתüͷȥͻȻס΢΢ͷˮ𲢲ǲݵģħԪصиıһ˵ͺˡ˵꣬һһʧڿ֮С
˹ˮһƣѽôû뵽أֻ˵ѣһͼħ̺ħԪҲǷǳӴģǵиıҪ쳣ǿľ֧š
ħϡЩħʦҪǿһ࣬ȴƣΪǵ˼άѾ̶ˣһէ˼άĵڴ츳
һ߳Ժ¥ȥӶҵܰԣԸ׼뿪ӾɭֻǰĿ۹
ܰ˷֡һ˺ܾˣС˵һ̤Ϲ̵һ쿪ʼֱ֮ѿʼת½ĸֽ᳹׸ı䣬ܰԵ뽫һʵ֡
һŸ߼ħϵĴ¥ȥˮϵħAࡣʱǿμϢʱ䣬һĵŮͬѧΧصЦͣһɫŮΧơڻռЩͷˣһЩŮڵϷֱԲ
ʱһ۽ͻȻƳŵһĨ¼ŵıӰ޽ضŴ⣬ɫЩ԰ףһ伴Ļ䣬֮䡣·һж˿Ȥ
һ̾һ尡ѾͷɽŮˡһڶǰ
ǰͻȻֵӰعһ̧ͷһʽ΢Ц
λŮʲôأҳȥߡһЦɵ̸۾¶һ˿ͬᱻеŮ
Ĭվȳȥ¥һƬСͣתŸںһ
ˮʦ˵ˡ𻺻ڣЩ㯡
һЦû뵽һᵽĻ磬һԵ
ţˣ㡭ʹ֪һŮһСʵô˵ҲǺһ𹲹ѵѣŮµģܾ߳Ӱ
Ҳ֪Ĳֻ֪ÿζεһ磬һǷ壬ҶˡסԴʹ˵
һ̾ϢҡҡͷɵŮǰַ㷢ϰš
ؿţص䣬ʹޣȴôҲ޲Ŀĵģ˵ܵʹѴﵽ˼ޡ
ްɣ޳ɣһжģ㿿һԴǴĵϧŮȻûĳɷڡ
ĵһᣬһİοĻץס½˼죬ʼջûз
һн磬һѰţڣһ˻ѷεҵһйһ޵ɽѣã񰡡
һųһ磬ҪȻȫУʦҪˣûĸŮܿ޳ġ
һСʱͣ˺ֻʣһĳһؿڵ·ʪÿšˮˡ
һͳϵᣬ׳Ұ۾Ժôˣ鲢еȫ޹һҲ㹻ˣԺһϲ㣬˵ģҡ
𳤳һ޳֮ɶˣԴԺҲûᵽˣͷмضһллһллļԺ󲻻ôˡ۾»˹âΪ磬ʧȥ˺ܶ࣬ԺҪȫһ
һЦŵ˵ͷ֮һȫµ𣬶Ҳиˡ
ſ˫֣죬غţǰȥڲݵתȦתһһЦֵлл㣬һ
ʧıӰһҲΪʵݣ˱ˣϻõһ˵С
֣߳һŷĿζѾˣͬѧ½½Ӵ½һһ±㷢ˮյӰ
գ¿𣿡һϢˮյð˳
ˮһһ¶˾ϲʣǹ·ûġ
ٺ٣һŮǵɫ²°һЦ
£Һ°ĹˣҸոտˣȥˣǿ޹ӣȴǳɣѾܾûˡˮʵ
Ҳûȥģֻҷյ̫ˣֻǽǲˣԺҸġһЦ¶Ž׵ݣ쳣á
ˮմ۾עһĿԣʱһķǳˡ
һǹҵ𣿡ˮʵ
ţҾȥɭ֣˵һһ
ˮɲʱЩʧ䣬ĵ޺Ҳһȥɡ
ǰ룬ҲһȥһǣסˮյСֵ
ˮֳϲɫܿҡҡͷȥɣΪҺȥҲÿŮء
һ΢΢һЦһˮյıӵķǡ
ˮհѽһסӣСԴһؿײһ£εذһһۣȷʵҲȥһˮϵAЩŮѧϰѵ˹ؼʱ̣һЩ£Ϊ̫ˣһߺ޷԰ʧ֮С
ǣʥħѧԺСɢŲͺͱһӭź޵ϼоܰʱͬϼͬСһһľɣˮ


209 ݿϲ


ڶһ磬һ޺̤ǰɭֵó̡
ɭǹԶʱͿԵˡһ·ϣŮ쳣ǣ۾ɭ̸ıǻؼҵˣһЩΣ֪ʱ˵ܴǻȥʱŮзӦ˼˰ɡ
·һ˶ˣǵ飬·һĻ䡣ʱ湻ֵģ˫¶櫣ݷţӡһתһ͹ȥˣ˫ңԶıҲ֪ôˣݷȥ֮ҲûϢǷҲԼأ
һ·һƬʱһͻȻڿжסˣ۹Ĺ»ŮС䣬ʱζĿҲʶеˮϵħԪس䡣
ôˣɻʵ
ŶûʲôǼǰߡһЦ
磬ǸԣһŮˡ޺һѪ˵һ˽
һٺһЦҾŮˣŮ
Ȼ֪һ˵Ĳʵ˵ŮǺõġ
˼·һ˾ɭֵΧ
ۣŮϲĽеغµĿ
һǰȥɡôţ৵ƿ̹һʸһǰ档
һһۣӵĻݿѾͷƬӣǴƨɲɣ˻Ҫżкһ¡
һһ֣ʸУʱɭгһŮ黤ǰݿ
Ǿɭ֣˲ڡݿضһ˵ʶһһ㡣
޺һ硣㲻˵ɭôƯС鲻ʰ
Ϊ˶ʧ䣬ôôˡһٺЦ
һǰ˹ָСݿ
˭Ҳʶ㣬ٲݹҼ顣ݿһĮ
ʱݿߵһС黤ӳŮԸɭֵġ
ݿݺݵһС顣С̲˵ˣֻǳɰسһգգ۾
һЦЦǵС飬¶ھɭתʱСӡ
ݿѾɫľ鹭׼һ黤ȴҲ֪ӳôˣôһһոջúõءֻھɭ￴һƯŮʱֺ˪ˡ
һüͷһݿݿ֮һɣһʸһȥ
һⲻ֪ôŮˣָһʸɼأһֽݿסһȴݺݵݿƨɡ
žžڶ޺޻Ů黤Ŀɿڴ
һһſңҪɱ㡣ݿɫѪشеҲ֪ΪŭΪӡ
ʶˣԺ󻹸ҲԡһٴƣݿҲ֪ʲôʱʼһŮƨͷƺˡ
ݿ˫סСƨɣһ˫Ŀȴݲýˡ
ôңǲСƨɻһסرЦ
ң㣬˼ǨϲɵĴ󻵵ݿĿһֺ޺޵
ݿôһ˵޺޶ʱضһΪһݿؾӳйЩʲô
Ҽ˼Ǩϲɣ⻰Ӻ˵𣬽첻˵ͰĿѹٴ򡣡һüλ黤Ц
ѵ˵¶櫹лԼȴôʱ䶼ŮǲǾ¶櫹ϡݿõضһ
ôû˵ˣݿһЦ֮˵
֪ʲôɲĹϽΧ֮ڰҪҲǾŮ¶ʣķӦһ㣬ĪϲңһǺЦ
ݿһͣ黤ҲһСҾ˵ݿӳ϶ϲ˹ķ
Сôһ˵ھ黤Ҳ˵ʱݿ겻ӣʱСҲô˵ݿӳôһͨƢԺû˸ˡ
ϲ㣿˵ϲ㣿ǺЦҲŲôϲ޳ܵĻ쵰ݿع񷴲ȴҳһƬ


210 ټŮ


˼¶û۹ˣһü˵
ݿһ㶣شǻǺԲ̫ԣǺ޺޵һţ࿪ˡ
һٺһЦ޺޽˾ɭ֣ǳϤˣʹû˴·۾ܽ
һǸӳǲʲô˲;ɭˣһȥһƹ
Ȼûˣ㿴ô𣿡һЦ
ҿǳԴˣߣ˵û
һӣֲɵӣݿеоתƻҿԴ˲ŶԣˣЩеûģ㿴⾰ɫ
ûȥһģ޺ɾľɫոչųԴû֣һף̲ס̾ĿɽҰʻ̲ݣ״̵ľСϪˮԾĸƯɰС̫ˡ
磬ԺסɣҿҲ;һôˡ޺Ц
һһתЦǾͱȥˣסһʱɡɭֿɴˣתϺóһʱˡ
޺ô˻ʱͣ붢һʲô˼㲻ȥǲǻȥ
һЦһӻ治֪λش𣬸Ҫڣ洫һͷһǾСľӯطɱ
ҴǹȥɣҪȻŮ֪˿ҪݿӳˡС˵
СǳĻãһ·ߴߴΪŮ;ľɫŮһʱ׷ȥ
á˱˾סǸߣһžµľݣһ֮С˼ĺ¶Сɾء
һҲˣߵؾǿ׷еشкߵĻһȥˡ
ĩʱһ㸡鹬ĴſڳһĨϤӰ¶櫣ַľŮ
Ů£þòɡһǰ۾ЦŶžŮɣȻôô߹
Сӣùˣ¶Ѿͷ㡣Ů۲תƮһ޺ֳһĨ̾
һһΪ¶櫻أŮ²Ϸˣĩ̫˰ɡ
ŮЦš¶ΪҵĽӰˣôĴתơ
һʵŮ£¶ģ㲻Ὣ˰ɡ
ŮȴǲһŮλСŮҽһ𣿡
һ˵޺ޱǰҽܡ
Ůһ˿ɫЦЦصһһۣʱһ飬츾ȻԵֵ
ŮȻ֪һݣȻ֪ǺǿǱһһǿĿ۹Сڿһ֮ǹǱһ⻵С°ȥ˷ġ
Ůתż˳ȥһ뾫ŮţеʵŮ£ͱˣ¶İɡ
Ůһһۣ΢΢ͷ˿װˣߵŮɫ㣬ĻпҼ¶櫡
Ȼ룬ҿ룬ҹҹ룬Էʱ룬˯ʱҲ룬ϲ룬ֹ¶櫣һǳŮءһЦŵֻһѹֻ˲õ
ŮĿǵЦЩЦƶ죬һ컹֪ƭ˶֪ŮأٸҹԻһ׶ҿɲá
һٺһЦĲ𣿿ŮǵЦݱ֪ˣĸŮ˲أʹ֪ǼٵĻ
ߵ˳ȥֻʣ¾Ůһˡ
Ů£õٻɣǻһһȣ˿ûаԼˡ޺εԵЩнǿһ⴫˵и߰Ů̸ЩȣΪദһҲŮĸĹϵе֮Ĺϵ
ŮƿٻһЩˮ㣬ЦٲССҲǧ򲻿СһﵱԼҾˡ
޺ͷ˶ϲ˼䣬ǷſˣִС̸չ¶ɡ
һһƵһƿٻ𣬱۾³һľ̾ˬľôҲ֮һ
ȻôϲԺھɭְɣҲȥˡŮЦ
һٺЦҡͷԵƳϿɹɼ۸ߣȻ˼ɾһӴﻹɱҰɡ
֪Сӻô˵˵ɣô뵽ǲʲô鷢ŮҲһƨֱ˵ʵ
һЦЦ֪ǵͷϱҪؿ۹ˣҪǵ㿴ҵС
ŮĿգգ˼صͷ̾½ؾѶ񻯵˼ˣǿ۹ڲǰϣŭŮͻȻͣסˣ۾ƳһһԱߵ
̸ˣ¶櫵ȥ˰һתƻʵ
ȴ΢΢һüڵңһжȣֻΪ밮֮УһĵױʶػرЩ⡣
޺ҲĵһһЩҥҲ˵ˣԼĸʲôҲһЩѵЩģԺԴ֮Ĺϵָη
ŮҪشʱͻȻһˣһɫװֳִȻ̾Ϣ¶سſڣ۾һʼղճһϣ˵ˮ
һ¶櫲ػһ
һվĩС飬ľҲЩſɱ¶櫱ǵѬ²㣬ͻȻЩʵĸо
һҺ㡣¶૵Сһ䰡ģȡһ˼ζ
Ҳ㡣һ˫¶櫵ĥţ˵ڿн㣬زš
¶ͻȻż⣬§סһĲӣ۴һһĴ֮ϡ˵ǵò糲࣬һ
޺ӵӵǵˣЩͬʱ΢΢ĸжϾõĶô׸Ⱦˡ


211 ǬѨ


ŮȻףûгطϲе֪һʱҲˣһһߣ¶櫿¾ͲǶ̶̼²ˡǾԲðȻ½ս֮Уÿһβ½ȫսıһͣϢģң۹ڲսӦúܿˣʱһżȡ֮Ͳö֪ˡ
ϴ󡣡һ¶ǵذʱһװڴը졣
һɿ¶櫺׵㴽һ̧ͷһ߰˳ߣͷϳֻţǵĺӼվĲԶǶĩţ
¶櫹ɵشһ˿СԴһת˸ոպ˵޺ŮȻһЦ˹ȥȻһյǹʱǶʱѾûбҪˡ
ţһһϲǰһȭţǿ׳ؿڣȻһʽӵ
ӣǲˣȻôöҡһڸţһڡ
ţһĵطͻȻĺָܻоһһŰϰ˵ļһ
ϴǹˡҵطħõƿҾͻ֮ٹţǺЦ˷ܣѾͻˡ
һ´һţþ֪һ£ͻȻһӡţؿڣֻһţŵŵ˺üѪӿͣţҲ˺쳱
нһЦҪ֪ڰѴﵽˣǽȡţں޷֮³ɹˣ˵ˡ
ţһĿ佱ɷһΣþĵâɢ̲ס֮ġ
ϴҵķħţһʱ¡ҲֳϣдһþӳһȦȦѣĿ̹⡣һХĿ˷һ
飬ڵη׷׿ѣϵľƿ̶Ƹˡ
СӣҪȥ򡣡Ůˣһʵڲ񻰣ԼĻ
һָռ㣬ֻþĻӳâɲʱʧһָҲʹ顣ȻСţڹþǿ˲١˵ǰֻþӳ˶ɣˣܽþȫӳƾڵһǲֵܵסġ
ŮˣһһȰţһָţѨ͸ţؽֱֱ֣סˡ
һ֣Ѩĩˣ˲١˭ȥѨһħ޵ĻѨ֮أ֪ħ޵Ѩ
ϴʲôħôˣţֱþվţôҲˣǴ󺰵
һٺһЦⲻħǬѨ֣ܰɣһʱ֮Զ⿪
һʱɣϴҰɡţɴţ
ʱŮ˹տʼΪһþţסˣһ֪ȴţûκεľ񲨶ħԪصĲȻҲûжĲ
һʲôסģŮ
˵ǵѨˣ˵ҲףŮ¿ܲܽ⿪һЦ
Ůʤһ𣬵ͷʼΧţо¶ŮҲΧţһ걾ˡ
о˺ðΣŮҲûвô£ԹüַãţȻܶ
磬ʲô򰡣ҿѧ𣿡޺Ȥ˵
һЦЦʱѧЩѨʱͷ۵龰˹ѾˣǴСѧҪȻŪ
ǿԣûʮǲЧġһЦ
ǻ˰ɡ޺һ⻰̴ͷ
һЦžŮ޲ߵӣ⾭ѨεضлƳĳŮôЩء
ҽⲻˣɣҿôŪģŮһ˵һǵЦͲˬ
ٺ٣ɿˡһЦָ˹ȥֻţӴһӲӶ˫˫ţ뽫Եĸоɢȥ
һСʱ֮Ů˺һߣΧסڲݵϡ¶;еʣѸ޺޺ľ룬Ůĵòֺ϶һת޺һʥħѧԺ飬¶˵ŮܸȤĻçԭ֮С
һҪؿ۹𣿡¶櫴е֪飬תʵǹ뾫ɭֲԶԵ۹ߣɭȴߣֹǧôҪһǷǳˣ¶ǲᡣ
һͷһѽ¶櫱ڴϣǵģұûȥһˡ
¶櫿һůϣ૵ʲôʱټ氡ʱһģǿô찡
ﺰҵ֣һܹоġһ¶櫵㷢
㲻Ұɣ¶櫲޵ĵ
ɵѾͷôأԼҲһμסġһ¶櫳Ķᴵ
¶櫽һ¶΢Цֵܵ˳ȵ黰أ
һͻŮӡʶذŵϵݣʵӵһˣȻ֪עܶռУŮŨﻹЩɬ
ձɽϦ¶͵ؽâ£ůݵ硣
¶櫾һĻУůĻ
ҧҧ̾һվ޺޵޺ޣȥǱ߿ɡ
޺Ťͷͷ֪һ¶еദĿռ䣬ܹıһˣʹﲻҪΪԷ룬ǰħɡ
һߣţҲ֪Ȥ߿ˣһֻ߱ʣһ¶櫾Ϧӵš
ƺЩ궯¶櫵СֿʼʶһʵıƣҲͻȻʼݵһĻŤŤȥ
һʲôźţþ鳡һ᲻֪˼Ũļ
һĴ»ס¶걥ΰš
һ¶ػڸеȼ֮ǻȵļӲʱǿʼ룬
һ¶櫣һʧԭأͽȵĴ⡣
ɫǣ󻵵һԶʧĻ᲻֪Ǹʲôȥˣ۴ỨţվЩŲ


212 ҹ̸


ʵ¹ӴȾһƬĵסͳĴִԵĽľ֨֨죬֯һ־֮
һҵط¶櫵Ľʶţһδ֮˳ˣ¶櫾˳еһҶƮɾ֮⡣
鲨һһһƬƬѣĿѩףһ˻ţսţ޼ɵǲı֪ƣײţҪе˼˼ķʽй¶ƴӭţ֮һһ̣һУѱÿ飬ֻ֪ϤĻĵĿ顣
ҹˣһжƽҵı죬壬ˮȻһεεص׺ϣ¹Եø͸
¶һĻУžΥĸο
һҸһ߰ɡ¶Խ᲻ɷֿ˵
һЦЦȻͣ˶ķ۱Уλȥ˭ҲҪԹԵأ
¶죬һŤӣһദôʱ䣬֪ӹɵġ˵˭ҲƽһЩʱ̫ĵȥ۹ˡ
һ·ͷӵתƵ¶櫡סӵ⣬Ҫ͵ǴСƨɲɡ
¶ͷһѹһϣСһһ£ʲô㣬ͲԱһ𣿡
ԣ˭أһٺٻס¶櫵СЦ
ţ仰Ұҵˡ¶櫽ЦһһסͻȻֹסЦ⣬һ۾ĵҵˣǹͬˡŮˣֻһ˵Ůˡ
һǸ¶˵Щʲôȴֵס촽Ħһ˫ϵıָֻ˲ã˵ˡҶ׵ģֻҪңжٸŮҶԹԡ
һжر¶櫣˵ͨôҲˣҲܣֻ˵飬ᰮߵÿһաܵ˺
¶櫳һ˯ȥʱȴȻ˫ۣ˯⡣
һƿ¶櫲ϵֽţ·˳ȥԺӭ㣬Ƣ
һһһԺӣƿһȷţֱ˽ȥһţһ㶣ֻˣһһ޺ޣ˽˿С£Ƭѩ׵ļ¶ڿ֮Уرǹĳͳ͵ķͣϾ˼֮
һ۾һܣǰߵһԵرϣסѪĽڴϣؿŮ˵Ľգ̾һḧţֻϣԺЩҶ鲻ҪȥȻⲢ̫ܣϼżͻʱŲʵһжû𣿶ԼԹ
һӡһǣ޺ʱֹʹĶͷһ£Ȼ˳ȥ
һһߣ޺޵ƤתҲ΢΢¶ЦݣȻոװ˯
ίһһһŮ˵࣬˴̳һ㣬òˣһһʹĸоܾԼһ㣬ոյǸȴ鲻غۣһһĲ̾ϢҲˡ
Ȼ޺ΪһͷϵǴǸõǣﻹ̲סϲ֣ЩԼܿƵģ˵ԼҪˡ
һԺﾲһͻȻԺŮǷֵӰ񻹻ζһץץצƣͬʱҲ뾫Ů֮һңһʮŮ¶櫵ףϵʮִ̼
֪˯ûУһ૵ŵһ㣬ѼٶƮɶȥܹѲߵ밵ڣһ˾Ůס޹ǵõҲôһҹҲԺ뾫Ů¶ִĸоԾѪڡ
һվھŮſڣǻһͻȻԳҡҡͷ㾫ŮôˣҲԼġ
СӣҹܵʲôһʱͻȻ˾Ůö
ģŮºȱƣû뵽Ů˯ˡһЦ
ʱ֨ѽһˣŮɢͷŴɫĴվſڣӹĳ϶һֶʮͷС˵ġ
һڸһڿˮԼǲһأ
Ⱦƾͽɣ²ΪŮһɫһۣתȥ
ȥ⡭һһԺ￪ʼ飬йŮһңŮ˵Ĺ뷿˲ĳаͷ
һȻɻ󣬾Ůôķأ˫ȴʵطӦ뷨ظ˽ȥ
һȥһŷˣﲢǾŮ룬һƲҵĵطӦûķ䡣
ŮЦЦһʧȴһı飬ħһ㽫һƺͼ˾еһϣЦСͷ˼룬˻ỵµ֪𣿡
һбŮܲ𣿲Ĳˣ
ŮһƵݸһȰɣǾƵİٻмˣˡ
һӹƱָ˾ŮֱŮȴʲôҲûһ֣ע
һһ֮ƣȻһİٻ㴼˲٣ǿڳ㣬ζ
¶Ѿͷ϶Ҫ߰ɡŮʵ
ţİɣҲġһͷ
֪ǿ۹񰵳ӿԼӦúģҲµûὫŮҲ°ɡŮһҲһĵطǸˣ˫ӱ֪ˡ
һЦŵͷӦǴһȥģʱ֪ʳ˻֪Ҫֳʲôأ
úø˵ɣҿǶǶµĺӡŮ
һ뾫ŮƣŮͻȻʵһĿ굽ʲôѵҲ½һ
һ룬ҡͷЦҿûȤ˭˭ȥȥֻΪżѪУȥԺӦҪʶˡ


213 ˼֮˼޾


Ůͷ˼һʼһ֪Բһƽӹˣ¶ʣ޲˵һŲݵ飬պĴ½սаһʲôĽɫأһеһжɵ
Ŀ꾿ʲôֻΪѰҴ̼𣿡Ů̲סʵ
һԶžƱ˼۾һɲǵ㯣Ī磬Ŀ꾿ʲôأԣûȤʵ۶۰°յʳסУҪͼı췴Ǹʲô˼أһЦЦ³һѰҴ̼ȫԸЯң£ٺ١
Ů㶣һЦΪĿܺô𣿡
ȻôɣΪҵĿ꣬ҪŬȻΪҲһһǰɣҪżõ£˭鷳һЦͻȻ뷨ܲ
Ůһһ΢΢ЦˣһĲûдһҪңʵҪһҪǿӲĺ̨վĶ˸ֻ
Ů£ҺȶһЩ˯òãһͷһƣʵضžŮЦ
ҽ˵Ļ;˯ŮЦȴһ˿˵ζ
һһھͻȻ˫ֳǰȥһͣ˾ŮĵطöŵŮ㡣
ʲôŮ򶨣۾ȴһ˿뺦ߡ
һع۲žŮƤغϸ壬ûһ˿覴ã̵ͦǣ˫ֱһɳ嶯һеȥ
롭롭һͻȻˡ쳯žŮĺ촽ӡȥ
һҪŮ˫ʱȴǰһգŮվ֮⡣ŭ
һһѹҹգȷ˷󰡡
˵˵ŮĺˡͲϢˡһεЦתҪš
ȵȡŮͻȻסһ
һתŮǰͷˣҪΪԼŮӣͻȻżѵˮһ£һܸоⴽҲܸо΢ز
¶櫵ķҲҵİӣһǣ׼˼룬´Ρҷˣ𣿡Ů¹µһ˵
һƺظоûд𻰣ֻ˾Ůһۣһʧԭءһף㾫ŮҲкøУҲһνɵ飬¶֪ˣԴһжҹɢȥɡŮǼǰοҲھҲգָоĵףЩһҪõãֱֻһбø㣬ЩҲǲѡ
ŮҹһʧӰþվһһֶŮˣݵΣ߹ʣ壬侲ǣĬȴḡʱŵĨЦôĹˡǵģҲܵˣӸտʼӣ֮عϵͱЩ΢ر¶ϵֽɵĸоЩղܡ
һЩʧˣŮȴܸʧأֽɵĪ˵ڱصľɭ֣½Ҳ˽ܲ˵ġ¶ܹһбŮˣ֪˲岻ûжôİ
Ů̾һתȥҹͳΪһɡ
ھɭ޺죬ͷһμĵطɭɾһ֮뾫ŮĹϵԶ࣬ǰ˼ɵĿЦȴÿ˶ʶԶ˱˴˵ľ룬һ仯һЩܾúܲ
һգһãǹ˴˴ꡣ¶޺ߴߴ죬һ򶨶ưô꣬ţһһ
ϴʲôʱ߰ţʵʵһɭʱѵˣ¶ǰǹһģ˭֪һȻһˡţȻҲϲɭֵȴһڲ½ðյӡ
ôסˣһͷЦ
ţץץͷϵţǣǺǺЦȻþƺòˣƳˡ
ţһͣǱ߰ɡһЦ
ţ˷Ŵͣ
һӲ˵űĴȾһƬ̲ɵأʼʧȥ˽ࡣǸƸеƽĺһ侧Ө͸ˮÿһƬ궼Կ֣˼
ļ糱ˮϮǰģģһԾȻԺ˼תԺֻʣ¼ӣǰߣҲн˿˫
һͻȻЩ˼ôĿ̹ģЩӦȻХһȫ˸߲ŮһȴһУһ֦ڴ˽С
޳ˮ壬˼سǡ˪ÿݺһͳھɭص֦ɱӰ̤ĲлóһӰ
һ׽ǰһλǰ˼ֻķûʽĶһ䣬أܽ˼ΪУ־˽ǰһҲ
ŮճʵĲӰִ̹ǵ˼Ǹͬܣ૵˼˭أ
ǿʱͻȻһָ˵
ȥֻеײײطƬոסˡڿһ𽫴궼ضˡ
澰ھĩţһʱ侫ðﱼ˳۷׷ס
ʱһɵ赽˿УóʮһڿŽУ۷׷׵ľɲʱ䰲ôеһһʼ˼ҪĳһĳһЩе˼ѹʵˣе˼õĳƬɭֵձ˵Ĺ졣
ĺʱֻ˼޾һͳڿлصӰȻ϶Ϊһ֦һƬɫӰһش֦ͷϿ׷Ʈȥ
˼˵һ飬˺üȦʼɢȥʱһŷ֣ԭĴ겻֪ʱͣˣɢȥ¶һϴ졣
ʱˡһԡů૵


214 1


һˣţ޺޻
¶ھŮԣһȥıӰоÿյģһνԼĸˡ
ףʲôʱ¶૵
ɵӣˣǵһҲ˵Ϊ˸õط꣬һͿ㽫һжѧᣬʱ׾׼ɭ֡Ů۵ظŮ㷢ϱǷǸСӵģ
š¶ͷ
վݿȴһ˼ˣеľ鹭ǿɿɣҡڲζӳ£Ҳ֪Լôˣһ˼죬˼ʱĳͻû˵һ仰
ˣĵԼıݰɡݿ૵ЩԳЩᡣ
ãһһ˵Ӱʧһʱ󣬾Ů˻ȥһԽԽһһ㣬ÿΪ˽ʱ˲ȷ֮УĽչֵ澰ֹĸȾʵ̫˷˼ˡ
ļϣһһ˺ܿ㵽ǹĳǽ
磬ֱӾͻǻסһ޺˷ܵʵ
һŵһͣӿʼʱҲӦýԼľ֮ˡ
һͣ޺
һлҪ˵ôòǺûƵءһı飬˵
šҾǻʥħѧԺȽϺãΪһһ˵ֻǻû˵ͱˡ
УӦҪһȥģôǰǶﲻأطƢ
ǰ磬ʲôⰡ޺ɻʵ
Ʋȣǻȥûкô԰ȫʥħѧԺɡһ˵
ڣ˭½ٲȣһʱǣ˵ǿ۹۹ˡǰµ۹ôǵض֣
һЦ½ȫսҲһʱᲨ۹ǣڿ۹ľƲȡ
̫ˣΪһֻҪµ۹ֻ߽⣬ιϵǰһһ˵
ܣǾҪȥ㲻ǻȥѵԼȥѲһؼҲҪܡŽűСƢʵֻǲһֿѣһ£ȻҲѡȥ
һ̫ѨˣȲȻ˵
һ˸ոյʥħѧԺſڡ۵˴Ӳͬķ˿Ӧòһģֱ˴ʶ
һ޺޶һǸӦñһʲôƣɫһ䣬һһԡ
޺޵˵һֱӱȻһżƣ֪һݡóһŵݸ޺ޣǼСš˵תʧȺ֮С
һ˼תͷһԵһҲһźˡչţɫ쳣ѿкһű㻯Ϊ˻ҽ
޺ҲţɫҲǴ䡣
ôˣСáһĵʵ
ˣԼɡ޺ûؽŵݸһ
һչһȷͷӵıʼдž޺޻ҹ洦á
˹ĹĵضһһǲĹҸ˹˵׼ȥ
һսŭҲͦĬذɣǵľĲ̫
һЦôأ̫ԩˡˣƵģˡ
ͳ󣬷Ҳ벻ҡĵһĴ
ôأҶ޲ðϣֻһҵĻòãһסС
̧ͷضһðΣǵ˵ͷȴƵĲٺһ˵ˣ
һŮͻᣬͷҲصس¥޺ȴɵһͻȻ磬Щ˵
һͷԸţԭصţ޺һصĽ
磬ʵңǼǲҪıȨλҪͻʵ۶𣿡޺ЩſֵһϣҡͷĲ²⡣
һ޺޵ԴЩҲ
ôģǸô죿ô죿޺׽סһ䲻
нķģҪ˼ˡһο۹˶ܿŭѾƶˣֻ໥֮άһ΢ƽ⣬һһ춯ؽǣһȫ
磬ǲǺ˼˼ģܿͬҲܿȴװֻ֪ǲʵʵĺܿġ޺ĵ
һ̾һֺγ֪أˣ¥ɣ
һţԼᣬҪţ˯Լķ䣬˯ڷķ䡣


215 2


ĺɫŨһЩĲɵʥħѧԺɽСϣţظ˸ոճԹ޺ģŮһĹȴ֪ȥˡ
ڻǣһҲ˵ʲôо֮ŭȥ»ѰҴ̼ĸоһɡ
һʱͻȻ͵ͣģһɼӭȻͣбҲ֡
ϴôˣţƺһͣ±ɻʵ
һâ״ͫ׻ָЦЦţȻȥһе顣
ţһ£˵һΥոһӿаȻǷΣնıܷӦ
ǱѣǵˣİɡһЦţļ磬ӱռʱ˲ֻһ㰡
ŶˣϴСĵ㡣ţŷĵתȥ
һٺһЦֱҡϣҲ֮СĩأͼһӰɽȥһȻǸ˹ȥ
ãӰͣɽĴʯϣת¶һŷ̴
㡣ɢһЦʣصŮʥ֪ʲô顣
Ůʥ΢΢һЦ˵Ҫˣ
һͷһҲΪʲô֪֪ء
Ůʥһ۾ﷺһĨ׷ɫʡ
㣬Һүүú𣿡һٺЦ
ŮʥعЦҡҡͷƺЩԳүүһ㶼񣬵ϵԼЦӵúܡ
Ǻǣһ⣬үүΪʲôûߵһ𣿡һŮʥʵ
Ůʥ̾һ˵үүһΡȲ̫ˣҲܺͱŮ˷һˡպĿɳ𡣡
ں𣿡һʵﰵԾ޵ӱȱȽǡǧҪԼϲźá
ڣֻЩźɣٽѡһΣȻѡ뿪ŮʥĵͻȻһЦҺ˵أһҪ㡣Ůʥ˵ŴӲȡһɫݸһ
һӹһƬӡϵ£ɢѣõĹâ
ǣһʵ
Ǳ֮ڣһ񼶷ħΣ׵硣Ůʥ˵
һһһܽ˵ĹѸײڶ֮ƾȥҳڶˡ
⡭Ϊʲôһګګⶫʵ̫ˣ޶˵͸ԼЩ
͵Եݰɣ޺Ҳõģһڰбǵģϼżһ֧ڰǾԲΣյġŮʥ˵
Ȼ˵ˣ¾ĩ̫ˣһԼϣŮʥػͻȻ˵޺޲㱻µ۹۵飬ûڰбСҲ⵽ˡ
Ůһ㶣ͻȻЦ˵һʥħѧԺϰɣ֣Ȼ˳ֵġ
һɫһ䣬ô˵ʱҲΧȴûз֣ȻʱʵԶûǿѰҲԻ
ˣɫˣȥɡŮʥ˻֣תĿⶢԶ
һ˿Ůʥ¶Ѥ֮ɫĲȥ
Сôô˯ܰԺ͵ǺȾƻȴСվԺУҹղ֪ʲô
Сתͷ͸ظһů⣬˯ţ͸͸
߽ܰСϸؿ˿еϤЩİãôĥ
磬ôңСоܰԵĿ⣬ɻʵ
ܰЦЦСݵؼѸоСһ֮䷢һЩʲô飬Ҳ֪СҲǰʣ˵ĸͲ˵һ֡
Сҵ½챨˵үˣ˵ʲôʱ뿪أܰʵ
ˣ⼸ɡСǿա֪мǿ쳣ҫۣȺΧƵǾһޡ
ܰԵͷЩ˷ܡ˽еؾ޽ܰϾҪ̤;ȥʵԼ롣
ȻСסԼͻȻ÷ɿ࣬૵ˣˡ
ܰһ㶣ĩӦС˵ʲôһӰȻ˵ǰ档
үܰԲμүܰԿߣ
СҲһվһԡ
ܰԡ峿̣֪ͨ׼һ˵һɲӹɵơ
ǣүܰһ飬һƵܳԺӡ
ʱԺֻʣһСˡĬ˰ΣСӮˣݺȱɡ
Ǻһүɡһ˵괩Сߡ˴
Сһ裬Ϊһϣ˵
Сүļͦģһ󡣡һڣСʼһ
Сҧҧ´СַһļϣšЩܣȴ洫¶ůţСͻȻһʶĵεΣǰǿɲذʱƧһ˻һ˿Ů㽣˵عϵȴȫζˡ
֪һˮ͸ͫ׻䣬һ죬ѸմƤĲһ¡һСѪعϵȻᵽʱҵ顣
һԭС뵱һжûзǰһȻദ𣿷վǷΣʼ޷ͻ
һ鷳ҵϵ˦ˣСһʱԲסڵϣ͸˫Ȼ
һ̾һǰС𣬶СȴʧȥеһпĻ˾ôһ§ŰΣСƿһ͸˫ͻȻһ͸͵Ĺâڿн֯һɲǣһƺһС棬ĩüᣬͻ˫һȵһˡ
ʲôһ㶵
㣬үСͷһɫش
һܾƺ̫Ծоһ£ȴûСʲôͬ
ʱ䲻ˣүҪҹ𣿡С̧ͷʵ
ˣˣԼ׼һ°ɡһɻؿ˿Сһʧԭء
Сֱӣ˫΢ţһ͵ذ׹ӴƮڿУһССӡ
үһ죬ԭСģʱǷСءС૵һ̧֣ɫӱץġ
߽ᣬһţĺһһۼн֮࣬ȽϲţҪ𹫷ˡ͵ЦһͻȻһͣתʧЦѾͷ֪һ
һƿҵţڽڣںڵķ˿ٲһͷϡ
һ߽ڴأ¹ϸϸ红Ӱ񾲵
ΪһŮˣ˯ôƯһš˵ԺУŮķǳˡ
һ̾ѳѵԡϴ˸ɽرʱŷԭҲһ˿ҡ
ҪѾͷǴҵġһﰵԽеС̵ֵܴͦβ̰ͦصս
˯ƺоһĿϤζһһĻȥСһǺޱضȼ֮ˡ
һȦסĽΪụ̀ǰ
һĽë΢΢˶ૺšƺڰΰ֮䡣
˵ĥţʶţʱһǰʱͻ屻һƬůΧǴ˽֮С
Ҳһ۾֮ɫһţȡ֮ŨŨػ
һ͵ϮҡҲúʰ㡣һѹһϣһ䣬ʼȨԼУһһ£ƺ˵սһĺ
ţѩ׵βһһ䣬ǰһ׷ɣɲˣر鵽Ũ˿˦䣬ֱַҪ
һüؿȨΰס˳ͣѱ˼üΣһ߿Ե̱طһؿڣסزš
˰ɣǿһЦ뷭һչԷɣȴѹֵؿһƬ
һҲ뿪㣬뿪㡣һĻ
һԴ۵ؿˮֻԼǸԼŮᡣ
һ౧뽫ԼȻȵļͦ˳ȴס૵ҪҪҵڣҲŸоǵںһġ
һֹͣ˽§һ
ҪңǧҪңһһֱ㣬һȥ߽ţ˫ֺݺץסһʵر
ģҵĸαôأһı
¶һ˿΢Ц˽˫૵㾡Һ𣿡
ţһ죬һһĿ£Žʥ£̤߲Ȣ㣬㽫һԶӣֱ±ӣ±ӡһĶ˵̨ƺǰĳһͦĵӰ̨ʡ
΢Ц۵¶һҸЦݣƺ뵽һ˵ǸΡ
ʱһһεţһ˯⣬Ļ˯
ڣˣ١
ѡһƻеȴ޷ӦȻ˫Ŀ
ٻȻ۾ǵģǲϣһѲˣǲԸ˸е
һһ̾ϢҪ´ͻֱ۱Сץס
һ㡭㲻Ҫ˺ҵĸʣ۷ʲô£˺۾š
һȻһػҵôжȶûأ֪żϼҲ֪ǵİӿֻһֱǰʲô֪ΪﲻԸԣҺ֮ѡԶѡһĿ
Ĭ˰ΣһʼһҴӦ㣬鵽޷ʰĵزһᾡġ
ץסһСֿʼɡһһ㻬䣬һĻȻû˵ĺףѾõԼҪĻش
˱˯һ㡣
أһĴӡһǣ·ҵţعͷһۣ͵ؽŴϡ
ţ׼׵վڵȺ򡣼һ˷ܵϴǲҪˡ
šһͷٴο˿ᡣţ¥
硣¥޺
һͷ޺վڲԶߺȻˮŮ
һֽҪߣҪ޺޻֪Ҫߣǲ붪Ҳܰˮǰһ⣬Ȼʮֲ
𣬱ֻǲԸĿֲǲˡһĵȥɴˡ
ޣŻأΪһô𣿡ˮ
һ˿ɫ͵ǰһһŶסˮյС죬һϢˮɣ޺޳Դ׵͡
ſˮգ޺½Ǵ磬ҲҪ
һʧЦ޺ޣǰȥ˭֪޺ͻȻת촽һ˫Ȼഥ
Сã㡭һȻһƬ޺ޣôҲ벻д˾ٶ
ʲô㣬磬¿ˣֻ˭֪ô׹ˡ޺޵һĹĵȫƸһ
һ˷̧ۣͷһȻħ棬Ѹо˶עӡ
ϱߣҲȥɣҪˡһ̾˵ţץţڿնȥ
ʱ¥ϵĴȻ򿪣ԴճſǽʧӰ
ǹĶţӶѼϣվöεһĵӵһƥ׳ĶСǰһ
һţƾճ֧ǰǳ֣ǰϥ¹ӶҲһ£μү
ӶŴ˵оʱΧ۵ԼǽϵʿˣǶΪӶȥڿǹλ£ӶһŰ
Ӷй涨һӶĳˣӶžͲٲӶӶBӶţֻҪɽ񣬱ΪAӶţȻȻԲμӶᣬнɵá
ɡһشﵽÿ˵ĶС
һţܸܰԣ˼Ǳһƽɫ˭Ҳûռˣ£˺ܿ
һ˿ɫٿΧԽԽ࣬Ǵһӣȵ
һ̤̳ʧǹĶţһ֮õһ


216 Ϲܿ


үүүѵ˳⡣Ƕż帮ۡһҶģ˷ٵشͥԺһ·һ·С
Ÿ϶ʱըһ˵ڶŶүҶ࣬ʱͻȻҪɹˡ
һЩ½ŮֵúܻţرЩɫģһΪԼħˡ֮һЩʸŮһ˵ŷȻʮ֮ɫԶ½ԸȴǲҲĩеŮӲѱ߲ݣǿϣ˭֪أ
ʱڻ԰ƽʱĵĹ˺Ȳ裬ԶԶ˴Сеȫһ豭ɴл䣬һˤķѡȻпϲζӻεˣĩ˯һþʲôء
ŷˣǹϲ㰡ϹҵϲҲҪ˰ɡڶһλʮͷҲǵ۹·󽫾ҹ޷ޣҹżͬһϵ湲ͬ塣
ǰǿûúһˣҵģҪСӵϲϲźáһλҲ붫µĸˡȻһ㣬ϵعɾһ㣬ǶöӨҲҪһС̡
ӨкһҹˡȥſڽЦӦУǼҪȥӣĹ˵ʲô˵Ůسȥ
żүϢߣ𶯣һЩмɫĴҹֿʼ̻̲ˣر൱ɬСƻѳˣ˶ԤвٵСŮҪ⵽ݲˡ
һһƥ񿥵ĶȻһ°ɫĹ峤һͷĺڷԺһ˫޵Ц⣬Ƿʵľӡ˵ıӶšְҵУӶŲͬӶŵĵطؼɣܰԹֻӶŽ˾ӵĹģʽҲǱӶƾż˱BӶռһϯ֮صԭ
ʱѽǵسţ·˷ǳࡣһ֧سǷɱȥȫرá
ԽԽӽΡǽһвطһеĸо
ƥܶش𶯡һһ˺ܿ㵽˳ǽ¡ʱǵĳǽֱͦͦվʿΧ˰գΪһĻʱˡ
żյĺͣڳſڣһɫۣƮƮŭֱǰ߱һ֮ɫĶ
һһ֣һһ˻ǰڿաһļɲıӶҲ뻮һͣ
һԶԶŭ붫񣬳һǰȥ
ҵһĩʰ˹һ§סס񣬸ŶŨŨشȰһһᣬۿȻˡģⲻָܿ飬ڹѪ֮ģռͬʱעżһԱ
˿һͷϸشһǼ񣬻ĥ³ƴıһƣм۰οĶڳˣҲ֪˶ٵĿܵ˵Ķ
ָһ絶૵ôô࣬жడ
ˣûꡣŭԽΧԽ࣬һϵ
ŷ֣תͷֵذŭһۡ
һϤİˣγѵһĸףĩɰã
ŭ˸ӣ̧һǼıӶţͷȥ˵ɡ
ܿȥһŸ˵ˡһλǵȰ˵Ůһλͷӣŷ˫ɫʿװŮ÷ǳҼζƤŮкټĽСɫƯĴ۾֮ɫ
ȥҪȥȥǸҾ¡ϹܿûһŮŽȸڶϣĽ
˵ʲôϾطˣȥݷһǱҪ
ߡ˵ģҿûͬ⣬˭Ӧ˭ȥϹܿߵ
㡭𣿡ʵظҵţĿݺݵϹܿϹܿģһŷ𣬴Ӻ§סĲӵԲףֲǲ֪ǻ쵰ʲôˣŮ޸ǲǴŮ»𣿡
ϹܿС̾һǵ㸸żԼѾˣǲܷڵġ
Ϲܿ˶ţȻҲ֪ڿ۹رϲᣬҹλǺȡġ
ҾǲޡףȥȰȰװɣѵĿŮϹܿŽ
̾˺ˡҸ㸸˵һ˵øһŸ
أãǾȥһǶĵļһɣϲԷϹܿ˶ӡԸ˵
⺢ӣڿȥϴһ£ϳ˵һ˿ϧ֪ϹǰҲ˲ˣϹ˵һ£ǸıϹ˵ش¡
ʲôŮҹɫ㣬Ѿܺÿˣɫǿ۾Ӷ͹ϹܿЦ
ϹܿԴûУȥôУȥһŮ·ͷϵıȫɢˡϹܿԸػȥˣΪԼĽˡ
ϹܿƾŮԼʱ뷿֨ѽһˣһʮСк˽
㣬˵ҪȥĩĽˣϲ㰡СкЦߵϹܿԱߣϹܿһĸͬ׵ܵϹ
һȥʲô尡ҼǼһﲻϹܿû
˵ʵ㣬ҿͦģҵż񰡣ҡӴ㣬ҡϹԴۺ
ССͲѧãŲҸ߸ף¡Ϲܿεؿܵܣ֮ķܵܶĿȾ֮¾Ƿǳ죬ЩȻ
ˣǧ߸סϹĵһƨϹܿԱߣͻȻЦ㣬ҸոڽϿĩˣ̫˧ˣǳ࣬˵㰡㣬Ȣίˡ
ϹܿϹһڣµ˵ʲôȢίˣǲݰżıӻͼȥˡ
㣬ô˵ؿʵǰĲһˣ̫ˣһżٸ£Ǹ֡Ϲ˵
ѣ㻹СҪ֪н⣬УԺǧѧϹܿҲ˽ΣɲСܱøһ
ϹȻ۲ΪȻ
Сӣʲôأ㲻𣿡Ϲܿӵ۵
ĸҰ˵ҿɲԸһȥҲôϹЦ
Ǿ׼ˣ㿴ô𡣡Ϲܿսȭͷ۾ЦƺԤƵҵ³
ż帮ۡһĻæȻ졣һʱеŮҶӭӡػŶүá
Ӷűŵżһֻţ벻뿪ߵСС͸˫˶һϾǼʶҲû̫ھȣоСĲ
ǰסԺӣÿ춼ɨģΪһЩҾߣ㿴ҪҪʲô׸һסԺӡ
ллףҪ׿϶Ѿ뵽ˡһ¸жĩйĸĵеһŨŨľ
һƵݻԺӡŸۡѽǮһԺˣԺﻨ㣬ɽˮ̨ͤ¥󣬷ΪľŸĻԼͼڣ̻֮ԻҲΪ
һ˷䣬ţСԺ
λ˾ͱ뿪ˣ㶼֪ôء˵˵űֺۿ
һ૵Բ𡣡
ˣ㸸˵滹ͦģλôû״һϱ۾תƻʵ
ǶȽæԺлġһҲֵͦģզûһŮ˴أ¶˾ɭ֡ݷ˷˼壬Ҳ˺ڰ̻ᣬ˿̲Ӱ˫ڱԭˮʥħѧԺְ
ţҲϴСˣСϹѾͷĻ»ǵðɣѾͷЩˣ㸸һ£ӦþףҲ㱧ӡЦŵ
һһͷƤ飬ǰɣһͱųףӲ̫ùӡϹܿǼģȢô˵ϹܿʲôûиӲһôа
ף㱧ӻ̫ˣվӣ㿴ʮСͱ̫ˡһε
Ǻǣ⺢͵ԽԽˣʮ޸ףʮ㣬㶼ʮһˣҲʮˣ˼ҵǺüСˡЦӵĳʮֿġ
Ҳ֪ϹҵСҵģÿۣӻôһŬ
Цݣ´һǰﲻ˵ϹѾͷ϶Եȥ˭ҶҼô
һεʼ磬ֻϼޣҲνˡ޹ͼްɣҲᣬ˽ڼһʵķޣϹܿӦûġ
ʱŮǰ֪ͨ˵ϹŮԼá
ãȥ׼ҼĩӡЦһȥţСȻһ
һһӵø߹ԼһʮŮŮɳϣ΢Ц׵ŭ̸šһʮһк򲻰ݵתš
ϹܿôӡеĲ̫һһɻ͵͵طʱɻһЦ
ĸáòĸȻƯһǰһк֪׳ԲǱ⡣
ϹһʱһЩԻ󣬰β𣿱òĸϲˡϹ˳һţǵʣݵ΢Цһʾӵزȥʱ䣬ҲǴǰ˰
áɰãһתͷϹܿգգ۾
ܺãܲġϹܿݺݵһһۣҪ˵ǲܵġֳܱ˵жһٹ̵ӡҲһ±Ťת
ĩôҴкϹСŹ
С󣬶ôˣո֡һٺЦ֡
ϹҲС֡ͻȻб۳Ϲܿգգ۾סһֵʱ䣬ͻȻðһĨ⡣
һаЦ֪СһǸˮϵмħʦˣҲһżķʦˡ
ѽ䣬䡣Ϲһ͵֣СϾȻһ㺮˪
СôôСأһһĵǰһʱһ㺮˪⡣
ۣϹʱݵһΪʲôԼħᷴɣ֪һһɵġ
Ǵħʦöӵı֣Ǿϲ֣û뵽ӻ֮۸СڴܿתתǴҪ̸顣
һӦһתͷã߰ɡ
ϹܿӯӯװûͦһŮ
һϹܿȥϹһƨƵظû˵ҪƺͦĩԼӦöȻҲͦġ
һղŻССŵϹܿʱһˡ˵бһݰҲҸС
һЦϹܿŮ˻Ȥ
ϴҪҪţϹܿˣһ˫ţۺض
ϹܿپһͣȫëһɹѪȵɱɲʱΧףôѪȵɱҪ֪ţǸһһޱѪȵɱɱŨޱȣֲ
СӲ£ԭɡһٺЦֱϹܿطζҪըˡ
־һ˸СϹܿһţתźԺȥ
һϹܿǻĲֹûŮζתֳţСʹүȥ̵ĩӡ


217 ۸Сܵ


Ÿۡǳ֮󣬺ԺסĶŮ죬һĻԲڿ۹˻ʹԲżԲˡ
һظϹܿ󣬴ɢʵڽʦļٸҲûдﵽʦĳ̶ȡ
һŵϹܿͣתƵע΢Цŵһ
ãѾˣ֪кμ̰һϹܿЦе
ãƾҲ䡣ϹܿмһȻÿ˲٣ĵûмٰ֡
һ΢΢۾ǵ΢ЦȴȻĩ䣬ƽϹֻܿһ֮ңÿŵϵ㡣
Ϲܿȴһĩǰ˾һŧǰֻһмսʿҲòȥҪɵҲֻһеˡ
˼ŮˣһﰵЦϹܿѱҰԹһ˿Ȥ
ţǲܼ޸ģˡϹܿ߰°ͣ۾ɢֱһ
ϹС㣬ǲ̫ˣ˵ʵɣˮƽһ濴ϡƤڲ˵ҪûأҪƨûƨɣ䲻ڲҲ̶áҲȥԶˡһϵɨϹܿĽҡҡͷ̾
Ϲܿɫһ࣬ƵĿⶢһҧгݵã˵㸸װѻˡ
ٺ٣˻ֲӲҪȢĻҲֻίȢ㣬ϾΥһЦ
Ҹ㣬ҾҲ޸ءϹܿݺݵ
㣬˵ƨð㸸˵ȥɡһʼν
Ȼȥ˵֮ǰҵúúýѵһ쵰Ϲܿĩ˵ꡣһߴһķϮһ
ϹܿԵʱͻȻԼĽ״һǱһĴץסˣʹ¶ĩѡ
һɫеЦŵСţСع⻬Сȴȹ¶˳߷ǳȳƣС
ſҡϹܿһзǳ𾪡֮һݰȻԷӦҷס
Լأ˵žͷŰһٺЦţһֻɫظ¶İСȡ
ûָлһϹܿС˵
ɫǣɱ㡣Ϲܿپ裬һѳϢس֣ؽųһ˹ȥ
ۣ㻹ıɱ׷򰡡һ۴һһڿշתȦأһš˵ʵڵģϹֽܿʦˮƽվԭҲһ¶ûУͲˡ
Ϲܿһ׵رܿʤһгø죬һȥ
һմʮ˵ֲҲǼл֮ȻײײÿԷΪҪʱһ㻬˿ϷˣѾͷٺʲˡ
һһ߶һߴСеϹܿ˫ֻܲݵؿͳԶһĴȣһСƨɡʵ˵ϹܿĲղһ˵ǰȻû𱩣Ҳǰ͹ԳƵƷˡ
ϹܿǸоһĴһʼΪǱģܿһˣ棬ٺҲÿζֺضĹɡ
ԽϹܿԽһǻЦݣгһӣ󺰵Ҳˣ쵰
㣬㡣ʱϹһһ޴ˮһĺȥ
һһĨػߣһ˿ֻһűϹܿһУ޴ˮ򽫺޷ϹܿҸţһ±һֻˮ˳ͷ·ֱµ
Ϲܿ͵̧ͷɱŲԶһ㵵ĵܵܣغϹ󡣡
㣬ҲġϹҪܣȴϹܿһ
һȻ쵰۸㣬ƽʱˡϹܿʧȥǣóݺݳϹƨ˼£ϹĲҽ졣
ι㹻˰ɣӮҾõܵܳһϹ亹ֱðǰ׽סϹֵܿ
ʲô£ҵܵܡϹܿѹõܵ۳۲ѣһȴϷ䡣
һʼ磬ɣҪҵĵܵܳɡ
ϹܿһԻܵܣûеܵܡ
˭˵ûУҵĵܴܵأһֱҵߴû뿪һͷ˿ɲٺЦ
Ϲܿܵ˳һ۹⿴ȥ˺ðΣʱָһȻһһ˫֮䡣
ҿ۸ҵܵҲ۸һ˫һϹܿ߹ż
ۣٶˣ㣬ǼˡϹһУسһգգ۾ܵòӰˡ


218 ʵս


Ϲܿƴ˼£Сȶӱһ˫ȼôҲѲŭ̧ͷһȴһһЦݣüչĿؾЩȻ侪ԼĽżŵǺζȻҰʮ㣬ôҲһƻŮһ᲻˹ȥ
ɫǣɱ㡣ϹܿһһĲӣ֮¾ǲһء
һ˵Ϲܿ⼸Ӹûͷ첻һвģҲкζѾץסϹܿ󣬿Ϲܿȥץһ㡣
ŮӼҼҵ캰ɱĳɺͳǹԹڼĸɡһɿȼСȣһϹܿĻУĿԲ硣
ôʮӣϹܿʼʼһ
һĺŶķֵĽʵû취ǸˣҲզΣ˵ϹܿôһС߱¶ڻŤŤȥӦˡ
ȻϹܿ͵һˣƬʼͨ죬ƺ̵ð찡СǸӲĶʲôϹܿɲʲôСŮ֪Ǹʲôõġ
ſңϹܿͷҧ´ˣһãɫǾԴ󷢵ؽ͵ˡ
Ϲܿ˴ص档һЦˣСƲסѾͷƬӡһɿ֣Ϲܿˡ
ֻһĩãŵһ󾢷磬æ˺ϹܿĽѺݺݵ̤ڸոŽŵĵط
͵ϮգϹܿЩйˣһɫǣͲһɡһ»
һȻŵȺˡ
Ϲܿ治̧űݺݵһشṲ̋˼¡Ӳ񫣬˫ű
ˣһٺЦʣϹܿϴţȹ˿ʵģʪ͸֮Լɼۺ¡
ϹܿͷͻһĿⲻ̫Ծͷһʼй¶˫ֻһ¡ͻȻֱַ֣ͦظ߰վһǰߣ˵ûûƨɣ¾ͲɫǣϹܿ
Ϲܿڳ˵ľٶһһ£֮ʧЦҡҡͷѾͷиԡ
ι㲻𣿡һٺЦ
һ紵Ϲܿ˸¡ʼϱܡ
ɫǣȥﱾС·ϡϹܿǲԼˣһָʹ
һʼ磬ЦȻ֪ɫǣǾӦ֪ɫϣŮʲôҲҪģܵػȫˡ
ϹܿݺݵһһۣܳȥЦԺŮסĵطҸ·Ϻˡ
ʱԶͻȻһ߿Եĺϼݵ
һϹܿһʱսϼһôܹˣ
һ뵽رս֪Լʦˡתһ룬һʥħѧԺսӦ֪ˣϾʵ۵鱨ҲǳصģʥħѧԺÿһս֪һɡ
һԺһ˼·ǰϹܿһˣͼˮðһʱ侹Ϲܿ˶ˡ
ûһϹܿͷ·ϵˮݱһգһ±øˬޱˡ
Ϲܿһһؾʵ̫ˣ˵ϣɫɫĿĹҲҲһ˿ǲѧӵغϵĵطˡʵɲ⣬˵鶼˿ͬѵĥĿһ˸ı֮
Ÿʲôʵ϶ҪȥհһˡһϹܿȥ
һ˰·ϹܿʼӦһָ
һһһƵսԭŭλãıϵսϡ
һûʲôΰ񣬶ĿƵشսսҲͬڴһ㡣
ڼжսһģսʱ̲סССسһ֪Ӧôɫµˣʮ꣬ͷѿĺۼһȴѹ۾ƺЩɫȵػǣż͸һ߾ȴһ
սȻΪսΪһһҶκӣ˭Ϊսֻһͷϵòܶ˵ϻضڶ
ͬʱսҲͬƽȻܱһһ𾪡ǰһССмսʿȻ޷ˡ̽ʵʦϣˮϵħʦϣռħɲⶨʱţƾݵݵȣԾѣͬʱﷺǿҵΣСż绢
˸˼ʱϹܿսʰŽ˾ѹ
С¼񡣡ŭ
һüûаع˹ݼ¡
֪սͻȻͫһšȵʱˣ˭Ҳ벻ʱѡڻʵԵʮͬһʱ佫ᵽ˶壬һѳһ׼һ
һ亹ֱðγǿǰʵߵ˹Ȼʡ͵صƣرʵۣһܾʵɲ⣬Ȼ˶ֻ֪һʦ˭֪ʵûУ
֪¼̡һܱѹܣȻŲæ
˷ָıлǵðɣΣʵضҪֻعսͳ
ǷǴˣãһ˵һ벻Ц
սŴ䲻һ͸һɱתŭڵңǰӴӽѣҪǷ
ңݳ֪ǲТȷʵãǹڶʦ֤ŭվ
սɫ任ͻȻЦããʵֻ֪һᣬֻˣиӵĳɾҶۺ찡ֻǺܿ׼ˣýһء
ŭҲЦǣǣֻСϹҵѾͷлԼһί
֪ΪϹҵѾͷͬΪްɣίҲĸԸġսƤЦⲻЦǿ΢΢һ֪ǲŮ
Ȼô¶ȮϹҵѾͷɻɡŭû
ս˰ΣҲ֪ЩʲôŭҰѾԽԽˣսϹ붫Ѿ֮γˣüһֱ̬ʾˣĴ徹һΪԼã̫ˡ
ǺãͶ¸³˰ɣǿ۹ķս죬ϲϼϲٺòˡսЦϹŵѲֹʱֻˡ
Ϲܿһʵ˵¸¾Ҫ޸ӺһһƬհףֻһµʱ䣬һʱܲˡò׻ع粵һ£սع
սһߡһʱһͷѹʵ̫ˣʮλ֣㴭
ϹˡԶٱ㷹ɣ³СˡЦŵ۾ȴǶϹܿϣŮٹñҪΪϱˡ
ȻˣҾͲƴˣɣҲĦĦ͵ʦлȥҼͷӡϹ˿ЦʵظһεһͷĿѣġǲӿ֪ϹܿظԺ᲻һһ˼롣
ŭȥˣϹ붫򵽳д輼ȥˡֻʣŭϹܿһЦһˡ
˵Ҳ޸ġϹܿҧгݵ
ٺ٣벻޶ˣʵһӣ뿹㿹νϹ岻Ͳ𣿡һٺЦȿʼСո񾭼ȱҲ÷һˡ
ϹܿɫһƬҰף㲻ԼҲԲܲ˼壬ôһǷǵü޸쵰ˣҸȫˣеİӾҪĭˡ
һҲȢأеСţȥˡ
Сţ˽ţϴɶ£
û£ȥȥС󡣡һ
Сһ󣬿ʼĦѾϰŮɫҲϰ˷һ
һˬغ߽Ľڱҵ˼޷԰εϹܿѹһ۾ֱߺߣһͽ
ϹܿʼС͸ͫ׸еʮֵĺ档ʱС̧ͷһۣʱһͣմӱˮ̳һ㣬Ķ˿˿ģ类·㱩¶ò˵Ůǰ
Ϲܿæתͷٿһʲô񰡣ȻԽ˶͸ûһܵĸоֱϢ
쵰Ǹʲô˰ôߵŮС˶ǹ̥Ϲܿһʼһ̽뷨
Сһֿʼȣֽʵļ͸ȶȣÿζСӿ죬Ȼϲĩֳ
ϵ㣬ϵ㡣һ߽еůĽֱŮ
ССһĴȸٲҲˣ֪ΪʲôעǱһȼ͹ֻңҲôƽˣüǲֶһСֵܡ
Ϲܿȥˣ뿪˴ٿȥ᳤ۡ
ϹܿһߣһҲͣˣȥҪԭα¶ˣʱɴɫǾͲˡ
Сս˰ɣʲô룿һֱʵ
Сͷɲ⣬Ԥʮģֻ֪ƼǿѭϢ֮Ϣʱ֮㣬ӦԤ֪һ
һͷڻЩʱ䣬ҳȥһɡ
һСţŸǵķҪ½κһУֵ뽨ֺ֯˿ܶ˲½֮
һһעĿȻ뿪Ƕ࣬ǵϰնӡ̣֮޲ãСֻˡ
һԱ˵̬޶ãԹԵصתǲû̫ı仯ͼǺϡ
ԼһĪĹһʱ̬ǵһשһ߶һصĸܡһ·һһ˱һ·ǵĽֱСһɫˣСҲһ·һ·ԣͬӲǮһ˼СҲףôܰϰյѪǮء
ֻһǣÿһǮʱ˼ҶգһǮջأǵľһ̾Ϣһİûǳְˣڰ
һЦõǣһЩСϱСһһҪֱԱߵĵ㣬Ҫתܣ±̣һ㡣
ͷһǸɴ˰ɡһҡдУ·ߵõʲôõʲôҲøˣЩɹһĵı飬Űܹˡ
һ׷䴩ǵĴСʱͻǰԶľ¥Χˣһֵ䲻ʱŲҽе
ȥһȤţС˹ȥ
˷һԱߵһ˵ʱһĵ·˿
һո˽ȥͼһӰӾ¥ɳһ֣ţһ˹ȥӰֵ˻ȥһ˾¥ǽϣһҶˡ
ʱòϵĲҽһҶģ˱˳ڵ
һ¥һɫдɷĴ֣¥һļУһұȽϵεľ¥㾭һЩѾۻᡣ
ûһŽ۵Ĺ幫ӱñ׵˳춼
ҿǣһδһΡһͦεӰ¥ſڡ
һֳһĨɫÿˣӲʯһ㣬ͦ촽ؽţˣһԾıһͷī̵ͷǷĪ˵ѵĪȻӢţһ֮ϹĪˣǵĸ
һȻ˿ˣССͱǴħʦڲ֪־ˡǴӻçԭڰ±߾˿̵ýҲʵ֮ˡĪ˸һȣϲжĲħԪصĲټħ˫ޡ
㡭ֱߡ׵Ĺ幫ӱλж֮ļҶ³滰Ҫȥȱ
һת㿴һȻһ¶ϲı顣


219 һаܵ


ү㣬ˣֵεúÿడλ幫˹һ¡
һüͷϸһ룬λԭĸ࣬˶ǴҵүƽʱҲǷ裬аŮ
ʱһλЩҵŮӴ¥߳վӵıϣĽ㷢Ĵڣûʧɫ
ţһüͷ±Žһȵλ幫ߵõɳԶ°ĭסؿڣɱʹ
ǿĪתͷһͫ͵һĿⶨעһֱǰЦݵżΣԡ
һôһ£һ۸ŮӣĪ˳Ӣ۾Ŷˡ
ӣ߰ɣżĶүǲġòŮĪӵСᳶ°
ĪӲȻĿתһֿȣһַսӿ˳Ŀֱָһ
һӡһ룬⿴һ֪Ǹ˵ؿˡ
үҪԡĪӽһЩ˷ܵĲ
ţ̤ǰһмӵƾҲϴԣȹ˵
ĪĿһͻȻлһɫĶţ㻮ţȫ
һЩԾӵضʵأɢǼϸϸĶȴɽĳظСһȷʵЩŵ
ţѷհɣĪͻǿƲĩæҡþͻ֣ӳһȦȦ̹âֻ֮«ĪһˣһƬƮȻءţļ粿Ƥױ¶һɫӡӣţؽСɡ¾Ҫˡ˿ţԵĿһЩĪȴͻȻռ֡Ӧƽɫ
ĪӵͻȻϮһĩգҪúõͱ׼ͻ״սϱ͵Ϯ˵˼ұǿʳʵһС
Īӵı˿̲û뵽ţ˻ӵǿĹԼĶϾȻ˲ȦȦ̹ǸһϢѹȸУľѡ
һȤĪеĳǲǲ½ִͳսʿ޽һǸŴýҲְ͸粣һɢĺ˿˿ˮϵħ
ţΪ˫ֽþСӣţүǴɡ
ĪһгŷһХһɱ֮ӭҡͷȻ䲻һʤù㣬ҲʤңҪҵү
˻һΧ֮˶ʱ۷׷ף֮Ҳж֮ˣ˭֪ŶٲݰһٶǰˣĪľ֮ԣƺĹ֮ϡ
ӦҲûʲôֻûвͷǶûΡһٺЦ˸źĹâ
ʲôĪʵ
ˣɡһ°͵غ
ĪһβŶһʮ֮ڴң㽻㡣
ɽһǺЦ
һ˫ֽӡһƣһ׹ӿΧ֮˶ʱƵˣһ͸Ľٽγɣ˿ǰһ
оһгʼ趯оȻʼƮѩȥȻ
ѩԽԽ󣬿Хžѩ۾
һôվţȴǾ֣ħ붷ϵһַʽĪһš
Ȼͺһˣ˿ɫĶڷѩ֮ϯһ֦һеĺ֮·
һûжؼʱ̾Ȼ۾ɫĶϢҪմ֮ʱֻ̧֣һɫĶգ۱˱򵹷˳ȥ
ѩֹסһйƽһİѩһߵѩУһ֮ɫһ˫ָ̤ѩ֮Ͼĩһ֣ϴŵ΢Цһɸ˷緶
Χ֮˶һͷˮû˿嵽׷ʲô飬Ŀǰװ׵ѩ֣ͼȥȻĪصɻһƵı顣
عһͦվߵһߣȻ˵һȥȻһʧ꣬һУֻһͰˣø߰޷ܡ
һ
ֻ֪õĵʲôʽһʵ
֮ơһһһֵ˵֮ʱؿڵͻȻΪǳĽʵӡһɫӡ
㲢ûý૵
˭涨һҪýˡһЦ
ͫͻȻȥü͵ӽԺүģ˭˺㣬ͱ̤ʬ塣
ܺãɡһЦʵ̫ţΪԼɢĴʦĶһһĸˣҪȻһǲһлġ
һȥ磬Ŀ⾴ηΧߣЦˣ˸ߵڴ֮ͦշ࣬һ㡣ȣƷԼǰϰеĲݰ󣬱Ͼ½ǾǿߵġߣҪһƣһЩżԵһţһսŶү˲ᱻȥһԽԽţֻǵһѡ
һСţˣû뵽һôãӮһĪĸ֡ʱһԲ½˽Զʤڸ֮ʱ֪Īڰ۹һص쳣Žᣬ츳ߣԸڶࡣһʱĩжԶĴ㣬ֻ֪ĪĪҲһԺ벻ô
һһʧǰʱʮӰǰ۲һǵĴ֮أȻַɢ˿ʱһЩС¥ǰǺѩжѩˣ¥Ҳ̸̱۸ղѣĿıԳԼеŶ١
һţͻȻﴫһ¶һС֪ѪӦ
ţȻȥһͣţ
ţӦһгŸȥ
үСͻȻЩػ


220 ֵܡط


һһüɻС֪ıΪ¡
үҪ𣿡С̧ͷʵ͸ֳЩԥ
ʲôǲԤ⵽ʲôһСʣ֪һʲô
СĿԸִ֣͸Ѫ⣬Ժү
ôأҵһۿ֪ԲˣǲǶˡһЦŲῴˣˣȻ׼Լ;ᱳС
С˻ȥûԤ⵽һԺһĹһЩżȻƮĲƬȴʮֲһţǲԼˡ
ȥɣԺעġһЦСͷȻתŸȥ
С˰ΣͻȻ΢ųһ΢ЦŲӯظȥжˣһûܵشһⲻһȸԾѣΪɴ뵽ܶࡣ
үǸŮһֱءСȥһ˵
һЦЦûлͷͷˡ
ҪӦóȥġСӻһˡһٺЦ
ŸۡſڣţվſڵȺһţǸֱӣǰĲ졣˵ȻһˣǾѡţһ˵ŻĬţúϸΪţ˵һжһΪǵġ
ιǸӣԹһ𣿡һ׼ȥʱһӲӲԶ
һһЦû뵽ǸŮеǰˡ
ת¥ȵŮ¸ҵ
ࡣأȥɡһЦŶ
ûԾû˿ı飬󲽳ŮȥŮ¶ĵЦݣЦݺܿ㽩סˣΪߵǰת˻ȥ
һʱЦãʵࡣǸʲô
үҹȥѾȥˡĻشһȻһĻǺһᡣһǶ˿ġ
һֻһŵĻָɫ԰׵Ůʵ֪Ů˭𣿡
ǻضүǻִʿ״˵ĶŮСв
ִֻһƷСٰˣǴһץһѵĵطʵŲšһͷŮؼûӡ󣬿Ͳʮ꣬ǰɬСƻչֳһζ
һûת̤븮УǸ¸ҵŮ⡣
ܣڻˣɽˡһսͼһŽɫ׵˴˹˵Ļȴôƣش죬۹ſŵĸų
һǺһЦſָӵͻ˫һһס
ܣΪܵõ֮λߵġһĶ
߿ɲ˵㣬ұԼ֮λҲȤǸӲҪǻ鷳һٺЦһʱ˫۷飬ɿ֡
һ˿֮ɫ֮߳ŭһҲһ˿ɱ
ףףʱһͯͻȻԶ
һһһ۷۵СŮײײһλòٸһʶԼĴɩҵһŮ
ıһЩŮ뻳¡
ɩþòһЦųк
Сˣ߶ءһЦǷ֡
һٺһЦ߶ң߶ȥɡ
ŮĸȻôһ±ʵҲѹ֣Ҫסżĵλǻϣһ¾ȻһŮʧˡ
ΪʲôȥȢأһ㵹һʮǱżֱϵеר飬˵ʲôҲȢڶŮӣŭûжõĲԭɡȻһҲɲר飬ʲôѱŵֻܹԹԵ
ʱСŮش۾һ
һСͦϲġԼֶŮһǵֱЦ
ͣ塣ЦŶŮ
塣С͹ɵؽһ
һЦӦһǰɣ屧
С˹ȥһ󶺶ҶرϲֶŮ
ʱϹܿϹ˽һͣǰһѽһ˹С͵Ҫ塣Ǵ󻵵档
СȴҪ޳ſССֱۣһؽе壬Ҫ塣
档ǻǳԺòãϹܿݺݵһһۣʼŻеС͡
ҪҪ塣С۵һϹֽܿš
ʱһĴɩӹŮСֹס˿ֻһسһֱҪ
޷ֻнŮݸһС壬Сͺϲء
ߣС㣬֪ĻΪءϹֹܿ
һֹȴɫࡣҪͼϹ˽
ķؼ
ԶСڿˣʲôˣ񵭵
̽ղŵ˵һ顣
ЦСŮԵû뵽ôСĺҲϲƺΪԺ
ϹӦţȴǲмСӵŮԵȫǿģǿӼ֣ôҲԸŮӵأڻʵ۶ˣûлתˡ
СƺΪ¶һ㰲ҿ򶫷̣ԹԵضһĻС
ʵ˵СŮʹɫΪһͳعҵĴС㣬һƣ൱ƫ̻ԼĶӣ˶̸СҰ谭ԼĶӣǱǺȥСҲЩۡСӵǷǳеģǵķӦҲǱܵأСͻ¶
ף˺𣿡һЦʡ
ˣ㸸׻ͿЦ
˲ãŭˣͬģƺҲϲСŮѵŮһ˵үүŮӦǺ׵ġ
һͷԵúͺ֣ʵȴˣ϶ٵߡ
극ϹŮȥŮҲԼԺӡ
ҵ鷿ŭϵ˵


221 ż֮ѵ


һŭ鷿Ķ
ŭעһſĿĥ£Ҳ֪˶ٵ˽ĳɾ͡ŭ۾һ˿οǳˣЩһ˶ߵ鱨ĵεΣÿһɼ֣żĴ£ҪһżҲҪһӰˡ
ŭһбϵڵһϸظ˵һ顣
һʼЦף鱨ųصİҵ㲻֪𣿡
Сӣ鱨Ҳ©ĵطڻçԭʲô飬Ϊʲôӵħʣƺֹһϵŭӵ۵
˵Ҳ˵갡һЦ
˵˵ʲôŭ
ףҿΪ룬֪㽫鷿ﲻ׼˯ԺײϴˡһٺЦ
СӡŭҪȴ̲סЦһ˿ȰͻȻǰҲүүദӣҲǲһظ׷ûΡ
סЦ˧ģǰ϶Ե˲ٵĹɡһٺЦ
ŭһ˿ɫվһһڣСӡ˵Щʲô˵顣
һͷ˿˿ĸоʼоһļͥůҲڳ⣬һЩ̵˵һ飬˵˻çԭʧ֮ǣҲ˵˱ɽׯĶԹԼԼʵĸı䣬ûн滰ǽ֮ǰƼŮ˵ǰ˳˵һش½޵ΪͽֹԼıʡ
Ǽ̵˵һ飬ҲȥһСʱֱ˵ڸ˺ü衣
û뵽㾹˼ż尡ܴﵽ硣ΪοŭһļЦ
һĿŭǾż˼ֻһֱЩ£ϼƹܿ۹ٶĩֶӣһʵսƲǧҲйо࣬״ҪƷɲһѣսĩʧȥİ
ʱŭվʼŲ˼ǰͣ£ڳһЩ紵ݶһż
ףĴƷԼʵۣһĩʵ
ߣ۹ԭ͸ż壬ֻǱɵϼ۶ǼĻλΪֻǰǵضŭһ
һв죬ʵô£
ŭӣٶǰϼļżļ𷴿ʱػʵۣһż۲Ŵԣֻ˶̶ʮɽʱϼֻǸżֻڽϼ˻빲ĺֵܣȴ벻ֵܻ¶֡ʱڿҪǻǰͻȻУϼżʱ䲻ӣıȡżĽɽؽɽһֱżѵŭ˫Ŀȵĳޡ
һ벻żϼ֮侹ȻôһԨԴ
ףʱ԰飬ż御ǿ󣬵òһжǿ̸һ˵
ŭһЦȻΪŭĶӣһѪָĹؼǿˡսȻĩʧ½ΪٽЩЩĻһЩ¶˳Ҫ֪սеİʮеأʵʱһֵġ
˵սֶԸż壬Ǹѡ񣬲ĻһᱻսǺеùͷʣŭŵ
һͷһɽݶرżϼйԨԴϼѵҲǲżΪȰɣϾһͷʱᱩѵϻǻλ˭Ҳ޷ðȡ
ΪŪӹְ£ȫǸ֣ѵһ·ŵλ٣ֻҪӰһоͽпܡŭ
֪ˣסһЦʮֹ죬ͻģñ̬ķһʮ顣
ʱŭջ˻֣һߴһϸ΢ĲһӰ鷿ֳΡ
һŲμүӰһ֮пҲƮƮвŮġ
һţӺӻҪ鱨ŭ
һ֮ӰӦһοʼɢֱ
һо治ѣһŵĹʵɲ⣬Ȼ׷ٲϢ
żʱ㷢չĵ鱨֯Ψм̳˲Ȩ֪Ϊ𣿡ŭȰһ
һЦף֮λҿɲûʲôȤֻΪ̫ˣżƷϼ壬ҪʵۣŲء
ŭһûϢĶѵҪΪ֮λ粻ɣȻвŻҲļƣȴʼȱλӦеĶǾǰİ
һתתͻȻٺٵף̳ҾʱţһʱҲ˲֮ʱҲҲˣʱӼ̳пɲá
ŭһ̾һʲô⣬ΨһıȨԣҰװң
⡭Сӣ紦ĻҪ֮λȴмһˣ治֪˵ʲôáŭε
ף꣬λӦҲ󡣡һЦ
ƶˣʵڻʹᣬʱﵽΪὫһһܸ㡣ŭ
һͷ֪ˣû飬ҾȻȥ˯ˡ
ŭӻ֣Կʼļ
һŶţСȻغţ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ϴС˵ĪŮ˸ɣѹֿǸѾͷƬӡţˮֱضһ
һӵסЦ˵ú˵Ȼˮͷţʲôģ˵˵Ļ
ţɦɦԴЦЦ˵ĿģСӡ
ҿûСЦ
ôûǲǿѾͷͷǵŮǲǶƯֵͷǲǵŮˣû˵ǾĬˡϴ󣬰ţûѻɡţĭ˵
һһţƨɣЦţѾʲôʱˣȥ˯ȥ
ʱһע⵽ıЩ̫Ծı龹Ȼֳӵ飬¶һ˿һ˿˼һ˿ʹࡣ


222 Ӱ


һ˱飬ˣʵôᣬҲʹ֮·ʮۡ
һοļ磬ǷǷҲĲ٣ֻˣϲŮ˶ϲԱԼٿˣһͻȻôҸȻźʱźҲĩһ
мһһֱۣᣬƺղŵֻһִΪȻ֮ͬĲʵ̫ˣ޷Ҳֱ顣
һصԼݻԺӣһͷԼķ䣬ſ쳣Ĵϱ˱ģʱһע⵽ŴȻռָĴһģһ»˴һ˯ϰߡ
һһߵҺǺԡȥˡ
һˬȵˮУˮԡұ뵣ðħƵ£ԵʣһּʵĸоʱһԼڰΰ֮䣬ŪʵⱾһΣһΣоԼǰĳʱҲ˵һڸͬĿռ䲻ͬλ潫һһͺñȿѭŵĵӰԼǵӰǡͣظԼ
СӣʲôʱøһһƸˡʱһһʶ
һѹʼ֪ǼĴԼ϶ĩĺӰûֵܣ֪͵˵Ǻ޳ܵΪ𣿡
ٺٺ٣˭֪ЩµģԼӲ֪ġӰЦЦӲڲϷĥļѪҺ
һȫ˶ֵܣЦˣЦҾҪιˡ
ͣȻ˵ӰƺҲһȾˡвԾشһƦ
ˣʱһ㣬ΪءһЦ
һҡֻʣһһҡӰƮƨ
ǺǣţɣΪҲ֪ҲˣôòŻָһЩɡһЦŷ
ӰɲʱĬˡβҪΪ˾Сһ𣿡
֪ˣ˲𣬾ˡһһᱨءһ֪Ӱ˵Ӧ滰˵ȷʵȹ˶Ļмġ
ٺ٣ʲô𣿡Ӱƺͦĵء
ҵħﵽ˷ľ磬һŪһ˧ǽ㸴һЦŵ⵹ﻰҪﵽǸ绹֪Ҫȵء
ʵҪҲѣ˹֮񣬽˾СӰ˵
ۡ˵ֵܣҲ̫˰ɣȻҳˣҪҽ͸гôһٺЦ
г裿Ӱһ飬ͻȻЦβ˵Цûһչ
ã˵ġӰͣЦ˵
һһۣӰĪ񾭲治ڻһ£ĴڣԼ˼ҵĶӰӻ浱ˡ
һŴԡվͻȻһ˿ȵĸоԼţ󶨸ǴֳСֵϡһתһ룬֪ʶǸӰ͵塣
ôֵҵرǮۺɡһٺЦ
СøһǶˣø˵ˡӰһʶʧˡ
ʣһﶨǼʡһˬȻ˵츳϶ǿۺˣ룬ûʵ͸̫찡Ȼƽˡ
һҡڵ߽ԡңĵһϣȴǺһ˯⣬򿪴ڴе·أ뿪ǺһϵŮˣǸһѪ̥ǵ˿̣Ҳһ۵ʱ䣬ӱȻţǷ񻹼ǵأǸΪ˰ߵŮǷȻأ
ϵһϲŮˣһЩʱ½ٹʥŮ˿̵ĴˣһϢ޴ӵ֪
ʱһͻȻŭǽеĶӺӲǲԼѰ˿̵䡣
޴ڣһ֪ģѰһŮӦòرѰɡֻŭ֪ĵһѰŮˣǻʲôıأʮ־ʰɣһ
ͨ⣬һʱڴϿʼڤ롣
ͬʱϹܿҲǳҹߣһһľȣһеĲݰȴͻȻ֮˾ָ֣ıΪе޷ܡһǻʵۿ˽ڴڻڣֻʣһҪ¼ǸļһΪӣ޷ܡ
ţϹܿԺ㲻ϵֳһЦı飬ǶĶʱһɲѣεĸоǣԼСֱܵΡԽǼƣЩԽֱԺꡣ
쵰ҺˡϹܿͷһɣڱС
ڶһ磬ϹܿɢͷȦ˷ϣϹ˳һ
㣬ȥ˰Ϲŵؽе
죬û˵ư͡Ϲܿˬص˵ܵһۡ
ϹͷͻȻ૵ҲӦȥҽܹ㣬ʡϱ۸
Ϲܿ类β͵èһһϹԴݺݵ׼Ǹ쵰׼򣬵㡣
ϹӣűŭĽ㣬Դίض㵽Ϲ˵
ܿǸʲôԵ޹ʷôƢϹ˳
Ϲܿݺݵؽ˼£һ޷޲ƽı顣
ףҲ޸Ǹ쵰ûУҲҪ޸ϹܿͻȻϹ˺ۿˮ֡
ϹѾͷСƢʹ֣Ҳøһͷţһ㣬ԴӶºû޹㵱СʱڲµĻܵż󳳴֣׺ݺһ٣ҲӲǽ촽ҧ˶ûһȻˡ
ϹǰŮ㷢֪̾ίˣʵ۶ˣ޷ıˣѵ㸸Ϊּ
ǡŮĲ޸ϹܿӵﵱȻҲֻ뷢йһˡ
ϹӺ̽һͷ㣬Ҿýͦõİô˧ָߣǰӽ²ڱ㻹⣿
Ϲܿ˵ܵһۣȴЩ㯣ǰڱôԼΪʲôȻôأˣΪƷ̣˶ٵŮɫؽǿˣһǸ
УҪŬֹⳡǸ쵰úúõĸҪԼջϲһΪӴԺǻԼǷˣΪʲôҪͻȻֽԼҸ췭ظϹܿ޺


223 ˣʮն


һԼԺĲݵϣҧһݣһߺŲСһȲݵػζţǺůϡСߣԴ֪ЩʲôţԶĵطһһزеþ࣬СӴʲô̼쾹չز
һͻһо׵գ͵ŵ̧
ߣȥһ𣬻Űֲ߳Ժӡ
࣬űפѵܰԴıӶҲʱ
һӪڣһȦص˵ͷӪʮɭϣڰڲõʮλεıɱ֮
һ˵ţС߳塣һלּһŵһͷĿ˹ŶүҽȥͨһڴԺƬ̡
ͨƨȻʶһңǰɡһüëһ۾һɣһƿͷĿ
ͷĿҧҧȻʮߣסˣһһǰŶүСǱӪصأĩСľԲҷС
֪ʲô³ɡһٺЦ
ɽʹСҲԲΥͷĿ֪ŶֵֶΣС£ۼˣСǹ¶Ҳ뼰Ҷһ߰ͷһӡ
һӿռָó޽ͷĿĲϣЩʱЩɧң÷ŭԸŭԡ
ͷĿӲȻбЩ־壬ȴӲǲһͷ۾
ã֣ʲô֣һջؾٽЦͷĿļʵ
ͷĿۡһ˱飬֪ȥһ٣æСĿŵӪСӳСɽ
СɽãҼסˣڽȥͨһ°ɡһЦŵŹȻ鴫ϽսǲСɽСӳͦģڹС
һСɽ˻С
һ˽ȥһȥһŵʯʱȫװʿСѲߣԶʿ׳һＤһѡ
һסһʿ˱Ӷڵλá
ԶԶأһ㱩ӶŵӪرΧʿһֵ˹һ￩һ£Ϊܰ˷ͳͻˡ
߽һЩһŷʵƺˣЩΧ۵ʿð̹⣬ˮ઴Цݣһı顣
һһŷܰűӶΡʱһ֪ΪʲôӶôʿΧۣΪŮ˰ŮսʿҲŮʦһЩòЩ챻ڱӪСʣ̧ͷͷԶؿӪŮǸβסˣѵһƤȫӿ˹
ʿҪҲҪҸ취õһǶܰһ͵Ц
ЩӸʲôͨͨȥһͻȻÿ˵ضը죬Щųƿ۹ʿһ飬һȫɢˡ
һ΢΢תŲԶһӴͷŰڿʿ֪ǾӣʵǳǿӽСһҲûƢ
ʱҲһǲмĿôϤȻһͫһˣųȥһֱӵĿһһҲˡ
ܰҲһֹͣϰż˹
ܰԼүܰԹ
ү󼸰ͬع
һ˰֣ЦǼɣȥҵѴк
һ˵㳯ǾȥӵվʼٺЦҲ˰ɡ
ӵһ˿ɫһתߣȻǲмһ˵һ仰
һüͷŵȥһֻļ
Ӵźؿ׵徹۱һһһĴ֣ٶȾǿޱȣһҲˮŵսϣ˶һЧɱ˻
һֲ˷ָ㳯ŵһ㣬ֻוּһĵ˿
ȫһ𣬱һǿյ鲻ѣѿʼ΢΢ʱǰ꣬ǰһ֮ܣû뵽ھܹһбȻڹʱȻ𾪲ѡ
Ҫһ£һЦųǾ˵
ӵʼ˫յڳսƣĶѾ˻ش
༸ʿѸһɢȥעʿŶүսλºŹľӣ˸߲ҵΧб䱾˾ռߣ˼ĶԾǷǳټء
սȷˣһԳӣͺһ˹һƬӰ˿˿о͸һĨĨѪ죬Ѫɱʱ˺˹
˶һʵԾһѣʹĶ˶ǳƣȴƺȷ˶ҪһΣر͸Ѫ֮Ũ˼Ϣ
һӰһţ˿ۻңӵĹδգһһƬ½ǡ
ǾԽսԽ𾢣һȴԽԽľһıͨʵھˣȻʼһĹɣü;б򣬲һˡ
۲˺һһ϶ӵĶ϶˶ĳԨԴ˶ԴǧǰĻɽׯĪҲǻɽׯһ
һʼˣ޽˼ҴĿԷˣǿأ
Ѿעһ㲻ƾʦʵֻǽʦľӾ;ԲǶ֡
ɫνسǾӹȥ֮ƵΧ֮ʿʼˡ
һֵǣӲûõɳȥȻЩǱȻͦ
һüǳһ˿΢Цо޽âͺȵҵĿʮն
һľ޽ʼ趯Բͬʮ£һɫͻȻڿγɣԿŵ֮ٳžӳ˹ȥΧ֮붯ݣ˵еĿʮնŷɥʮնȻٴγˡʮնǴﵽ˴ʦľʩչģҪޱȵĿһʮնżϴҲүүϳֵġ
ֻһӵ屻߸ߵ׷ɣһ˵ϡ˺ðΣվովֻ¶ֻ۾ĺͷͻȻƣһ±ķѡһ̣ȫžƺ綼ֹͣĽŲ


224 ı


žͷѶ¶òһסˡ
ݲĹͷĵۣŨֵüëбĵ̡ϤĺϤһ૵ͻȻһԺһɫòԼǰǶô󰡡
ӮˣŶүҲһΣʼ˵Сʵ̫ˣ̶ʱ䣬мսʿһҲﲻĴʦ磬ֽ쵽˼ֱ޷ܡ
һعһһߵӵǰ棬ٺһЦղȫӦÿԵֵҵĿʮնɡ
үʲô˼΢΢һ𣬲ɫطʵ
ʲô˼õ˵ҲµûʵӦõ˴ʦɣΪʲôҪʵҾͲˡһ˲õЦ
Ŀĵ꣬һ̾Ŷүıˣɲ⣬Ļ㾿ǲ
һЦЦ⻰žǳˣôҲ˵ʩչʮնʱһĨɫۻˡ
ٺ٣̫ңֻôһЩصļˡˣ֪λôƺ
³𸴣žӵһжӶӳ˵
𸻣̬ҪðһٺЦ
ǻָĸǸеظЩεػش
𸴡𸴣Ǹ𣿹ǺְһЦĳ𸴵ļҲ˼ԸԸ⡣
𸴵һ˿Ŀ⣬һ߲
յи⣬ضƺ˼ķ˶Ϊ񣬲֪
µĶ˼Ҵ˼岢޹ϸ𡣡ĩһ꣬𸴱
ô죬Īйһֹ
һо죬ˡ˵תԶȥ
һųԶȥıӰ˼
ʱΧ۵ʿҲɢȥŶ𸴵һԣɲǼ㴫˾ӪŶھе֮ǰǴвͬĳ˵ż˽ˣŹҵΣЧҵȴǻʵսһʩչڿŴΪ񻰵ؿʮնܳ𸴣ʵܲʿݡ
һСţӶŵӪأܰԼų̸
һϯСվΪżʱʱΪϲˮ֮
˱ӪҲǱˣǰǵѵľѵһξ롣һƶһѵҪǿȸѵԼӿѧЧѵһڣ˸һ˲Ц⡣
үԺǶսɡܰͭƵشһһ˷ϣ֮ɫ
սԺеǻᣬµʱɱɱһٺЦ
ܰԽɱԽоɱ٣ɱذѪɺӡܰظĵ죬ȫ¾ȻɢһѪϢ
һüͷǰôûиоϢأ⾿Ǻ»ǻ£
֪ͨһµˣǺúѵЩˣͨͨȥԺɱֳʲôЦźáһα˵
ʱո糯սȴ鷿ŲͻȻͣһģһȻ֮ӿϢһѷĩݺݵż壬廹Ϲ壬һһὫš
²طôƢʱǵһʱαԲ𣿡һͻأسڷͬʱһӰ鷿һ¶
ʦʵʲŭϺԽԽҷˣĩͬ˽ԾСΪƫһǧдսŭһֽһӸˡ
²ض˾ĩһûᣬҪ͸ʱǵ̽ȥʱһһ񲻸áǱΪʦӰӵ˵
ʦСѾǰһѧ֮ܣ²öԸ֪͸õϵҪعͲнյıս̾
ǿſƲ˾ðȥ˽ɱˣʵˣҲ©ʱ򡣡ʦ˵
ֻôˣһᾡȥáս˵ͷͻȻĿͣڵǶϣһȱĻһòʹ˵СŮĸα
սӵŻϵŮÿװֻΪʲôأΪʲôҪżˣѵҲҪսʹ
£ˣСϻ۶ڸգľٶ˵踺أһ̸һ룬ôᰮմأʦֱսĻ׳棬һսı֪Щʲô
ϣ˰ɡս̾һԼòˡ
ʦѾֹˣͷѾγɣǰǲӦóˡս˦ǷͷĶӰʵ
ʱʱ˺ͣȷʵӦöŰˡʦЦ
սתƿǽϵһĻֳ˹ǽϵһµͼϸıֲԼо·ߡ
۹ܹĸֱ֣ƵֻаʮнʮӥͻŹʮżƿؿʮ˽ݲ֪Ƴʮ֮ڡϹ붫ƿصıŶʮңıɢڸԼС
սһԼһϵ콫ӵеıֱָӱż˵ҪռܴƣżıĻսֻǴ죬ʱƱֲܽȫıȫǵսѾ۹ûˡ
²̫ģ۹ϼΪͳֻҪĩʧŭͲΨһҪľǴڲֻ߽ǡʦ˵ĩַǴ̶Цƺ˵Цͬˡ
սȻϰ˾ʦΪûаɫʵа壬ʦɻ
ʵȻĩ֪ıҲΪǴ벻ĺôʦЦ
Ŷʲôôսеʵ
ŭƫ̻֪ģҲùǸҰĵˣһҪõżļ֮λֻҪһ£ֵԲУʡ£ʦЦ
ս۾һһƴЦʦ˼öܾˣʱżһ¾׶ˡ
ʦЦţӰӿʼƮɢʧһɲͻȻһǾ͸ˡ
սʼ˼ǵ΢ЦԽԽЦȴ˿Ц⣬˿˿ı֮ʮֵĹ졣


225 ߣ


һڱӪƻ裬һ´ζڿʿѵǳԷҲشõˮԿУһԵõζͲʳˡ
ĺɫŨӲӵ̫ڵƽţǲԸʹ˳롣һ̤һ߳˱ӪԿһŵ˽⣬Ȼ֮Ϊ۹ľȴòһ֧ãرеѪɫţ˵֮ľӢеľӢ
һǰйһ˽⣬ʵȴĩӴΪʱ̭ڱӪѪɫŵĶսϰصѪɫ֮䣬ɽĳһƬѪһӿϮʱ򣬴ضΪ֮ӿֻֿݣǾ𺶣Ƿһ𺶣ֱѪȵ𺶡
ʱ޿Ĵڣǿ׵˺˵ķǧȥ硣Ȼʱ϶жԸķʩħʦԶ̹ȡ
һһһţ֪صŸ
̤һ㷢ֶȵһͷ˸졣
ݼ⹫һЦſڵ
һɲǼ˴˭˱ǶĵҲ⹫ȻڱԼ⹫ˡ
⹫⹫ԽԽˡһǰЦ˵û˿ȻӡһļУһ򱻶赽ϣ˵ûûС
𣿳СӣƤӵǼˡЦվһؼֱģһɹǿ
һٺЦţĻܵؽЩȥ
£Ǳһķ֮÷飬ŭϲЦŵããĸ׸˵㹦ʱһšɲҲŰ˵ʵڵĵ˺־磿
һջһ£ͼɫĶˢس֣Ӱ١ڲ輸ϵһˮȴгķݡ
㶵ؿһΣ૵ȻǴʦСӲŶ󰡡
⹫ҵľǷأһٺЦʦʲôԼǼϵħʿ᲻ʹιȥء
⣬⣬Ҿ˵Ҷôһݰأع˷ܡ
һٺٸЦֱֹﻹһ۲۵شݰѻҷˡ
쵽⹫һˣøոջ߶ء°ѩ׵ĺЦŵ
ã˭һ㶣ʵ벻ĸû
ܰ˾˵ŮСʱ㻹һӢ۾ʱܰ˵㲻ءЦŵ
̻ܰʥŮǴС̻ʽôʲôʱһȵʵļпûôһι°
Сʱһˣˣܰںű̻ʸߵġ˵
һԴŬػţôһ˵ƺôһӰӣȴʲôҲץ
벻ˣ˿ܰ˵ͻˣֵؿܰأֻСҪԵߵˡЦŵ
ЦԵߵòԼߵŮĸǣƯҲƽѣһ룬ȴ΢ЦŲ
ܿԹˣһٷԸһҪȥһˡ
һصԼԺӣһ۱㿴һһͦԺͷշŴ
ţСȻȥЪŰɡһ粽˵
ǣүӦһ˸Եķ䡣
һݶ๴ָ࣬һɣǵŽء
ŵһ㣬ݶһԱߡ
𣿡һʵ
ǵģү
ΪࣿһüʵԿ֡
Ĭص˵ͷ
һҵ£˭ıҲὫֹϡһö۶뵽ô£㲻˵Ҳһ£ӦģһһŮӣڱֻĬĬػţһŮܹ⡣ԸΥŮиûͻȻһ죬˷ԼŮ˵ӰʹӴԶġ
۾һһ𾪵ı飬ګګүô֪
һٺЦ˼˵۾ôдŵģֻ˳ˡ
Ȼ֪һڿЦǴԼ¶µİɣˣҲʮһ
˵ǸŮǲǺƯһײײЦʵ
Ŀ΢ɲغһ£ǵģƯûκŮӱȵ
һֱ۴ļϣЦôר˿ϡжˣǸŮ治֪ôȻ㡣
ҡҡͷ̾Ҳã䲻
˭˵䲻˵κεŮӣؼֻԵݰˣԵȴ޷ݣֻҪŬȡˣʲôźأһΪ˭䲻˭ģǰӦƽȵġ
۾漴ͳ̫ˣһʼ͡˱ˣһжѾˡ
һļЦֻҪ㰮ҸˣĳԲҪŮҸ𣿼ȻܹҸĬĬףɡ
سĬã̧ͷԵмллүǵģֻҪҸˣߵǲʲôϵأ
һЦЦ൹ЩⷬҲֻ˵˵ѣŮ˸˱ˣ»ɡ
ʱһ΢ĺڰһţһ̧ͷԼǿҰ޵оոյĺڰԲǴ
ѵǺڰ̻ˣ⵱ͷлʲôɸ˵Ķ
ʲôүһķӦʵ
ɣʹ¿һһ˵ƾʧԭء
һŵŸϿղͣΣ̯ƣĵѪɫ֪̽΢ĺڰϢΪǸӹ֣֪رܿŸ޵ڰڣʵѳ뻯


226 ɩ


һ߾ȫظ֪ǹɺڰϢϢȴͬʯһʧӰˡ
֣ѵҵĴһ૵ʱ˴Ժӡ
ˣһеѪɫ΢΢һ£ĿֱָԺ䡣
һĿȫϢϢؽ£Ժ˺ڰϢݲ˼롣һƹ鷿޵ԷԱߣĵѪɫ𶯵ǿһЩȻһǰһ谭ĵѪɫܴ̼Ⱪһ֪Ҫ㣬ȫ˽ȥոһ𿪷ţһҽһĽ˹
һסͼһӰƾûڰ֮УҲѰһ˿Ϣ
ףףСƱˣ۴
һȵһµħƣûдɩֻű¿㣬Ҳ¶ѩ׵ظɫ԰ףǻѪ˿
ʱŸˣЩŵԺʱѳſڣɫһ¶֮ɫ
ɩ죬ҽɱ㲻ɡž޽Ҫ
ˡһüͷ￪ʼһһʼ塣
ᣬ˵ϻʧķһ㳯һҪĽݺύ³ѡ
һɩŵ÷㶵СԱߣһѸޱȵ׽סսĴ֣á
ֵܴܣԲҽǶԺǼһҹس˴ɩط䣬ΪһԴɩĻ죬ҹǰ͵ˡ
һ۵С۵ʱŭ붫˹ŭȵͨͨס֡
һɿ˵һߣݺݵؽڵϡָһŭף޲Ļ쵰ȻԼĴɩǿһˡ
ŭŴʱѸϱӣǹѪ˿ϣתͷһһ£⾿ô£
ףҸԺӵݶһӰǱ˽͵͵ֺӰ˴ķ䡭
˵Ÿ䱸ɭϣǱĩһ˵꣬˵
磬Ժⲻǲڰһˡһû
˵ŭ΢΢ɫ
ǺӰڷⲼһǳεĽ磬ҲСˡˣҳȥʱͼɩ˳ǺӰôƾʧˡһ˵
ףԾǻѻӰôƾʧأǶġһĻ
˴ߣҲһŵÿ޶ҿ޵СͣǶ˵˵˵ĻǲģаٻҾ㡣
ϳشᣬҡͷҲ֪ô£˯úúõأͻȻͷԼ˴һƣȻȻֱ˽סˣŷֽסҵС塣
ţô˵˵ľ滰ˡ¶Цݡ
һն˵ǺӰƾʧôôǺӰٵġ
ŭ붫תһϣһ͡
ܼ򵥣Ϊ˹ʱɢ΢ĺڰϢܲɣҸպöԺڰϢȽУԾͲˡһʼ
ڰϢѵǺڰ̻᣿ǱķʲôأѵҪɱŭɫһ䣬²
ȴî㾢һˣܣ˵ӦŸڶֶûӦ˺ڰϢƾʲô
һ˷ۣ翴Ҫȥˡһʱƾʧ˿֮УٴγʱϢؿסغƾҵʵ˵أװĴ硣
Ѫɱʱ뵽ĹëһѪҺƺҪס
ֻһ˲䣬һɱ¶һ΢Ц
ڴڵոһϵɱ޷ˡΪûڱӪԻ֪һһпʮնܹ𸴵顣ֱţǰֻмսʿӵ˿ֲʵһ˲оԼһ͸һֻɣԲѴ֮ؽԼ÷顣
һصԼԺţСѱѣæʲô顣
һղŵ˵һ飬ʵС࣬ǶʲôţľԴɲָ
С඼˳˼֮Уţɦɦͷϵţվһߡ
ǺӰɱģûڣʱֱүˣԽ˯ŵӹʾѡ˵˵ĵŭʼʱĲ²һģһ
С۾ҡҡͷӦòǵģɱĻǺӰΪʲôҪһĽأɱӦսپֺˣ½ֻܡ
ŶܣһЦʵ
һӰϵɫҪմۣڶ⣬Ӱıʲô顣С
һͷСⷬĲı͡
Ҳ£ҾõһֿԲ󣬺һֵĿҪԴһЩСŵ
һЦСԴҲôģֻɩҲ壬Ҳо϶ħĲ⣬Ƿǳżأ
үɩƽʱڼһ漰ż𣿡ʵ
һҡҡͷżΪŮֻ񣬼ϵŮǲֵܹġ
ô˵żĴˣٴʵ
ҲһֻҪүĴ죬ô͵żĴ𣿵ʱ˼ż廹ǿ𣿡С˵
һ뵽Ҳ΢΢ɫΪʲôֲأѵıϿˣĪǻʵ۰һöӣڿż壿
ϣץ֤ݣһзɭɱ
ڶһĲϣسһллС壬Сϵ֪ᷢʲô顣
һɫط˼䣬һ˿ʼһʱԷһоٶԵαԵñлģһʱԴɩϱָо
ݲݳԹ緹ߴһǰȴһǶ˼ҹıöܰɾʱͻȻͨ˵ϹСϹܿŶү
ף˵ɣҸıߣһЦŶԶ
һ£˵ҪϹܿһȥ⹫
ףǲ̫̰һ㡣һЦŵ
ЦЦ˵Լɣ׿ɹܲôֻ࣬ҪϱɲܸŪˣҪȻôѵ㡣


227 Ϲܿ


һԸȥǾ˵ɣҶԼСõġϹܿʱһûʲô£ɲԸų·ǷһǧϾƵġ
ǲԸ鲻Ը⣬ĸ״ͷܿˣȥŮ˸ʲôɻҲá
ϹܿװһһֻͷССıӣĶΣϴҲϴεŮȹһĽʦװһѱı飬һǰŮӣ˵ʵСǧƪһɵװ磬ϹܿԵʮиԡ
ӴҰѾͷһٺЦ˹ȥ۾ͣܿ͹µɨš
ϹܿһһҰӣûëҰӡ
ûëô֪Īϴʱ͵ëï֣ҪһȣһٺֱЦ۾ȴضϹܿȼ䣬޵˼׳Ҳ֪
Ϲܿûһʵһʮֲǵ飬û˵䣬ԼķѾҪըˡ
ɫǣôȥϹܿŭƿڴ
Ҳȥϧϲȥ֮ϴλáôҲңٺ٣˵񲻳ɹѸˣһϲϹܿŭ˵Ҳһֲǲʽ
Ϲܿغһͷٽ߷ڵغһ١Ҳֻһ¶ѣ֪ԼĶ֡
ø̧ܣ˷ҵĿˮҽºءϹܿҧгݵѾڼิԼľˡ
ط˶ӣǽڴӦñȽϡţɡһɳеغŲ裬ЦеسϹܿ
㡭޳ܡϹܿոƽ˵ֿʼڣһ˵Ҫʮꡣ
޳ݣô᣿ҵݺܺðְûһѿ촽¶ݡεͷΡ
쵰˵ϹֱܿҪץˣ˵һϡݺݳļҧȥѾʧȥˡ
һȻؿ˵ԼץҧϹܿѾͷᱻˡ
ʲôˣǡĶ˽һϹܿѹһŤţһʱɵˡ
ϹܿöʼһЩͷһö͵ı飬תͷŽߵһԼһ֮ضжˡһһŶԶĸģˡ
᣿ĸûᣬǼЦǺǳȥˣûһ˹Ÿˡ
ϹܿһһʱЩ졣
С椣˵ֻǲЩʲôǲЩ˷ˡһٺЦ˶ƳɫеضϹܿЦ
ȥϹܿҧгݵشӺ촽бĳ֣ų˳ȥ
һʼ磬ãؿȥ忴ԼǱôһƯ
ֻһո߳㷢Ϲܿһ£ͨصҲ֪Щʲô
ˣС椣л˵æءһЦŶϹܿ
Ϲܿ˿Χܿһˣ˸ոնѱǲˣĿȻΪ˷ˡ
ܿһмһ¡
һЦЦ֪Ϲܿ˵ʲôԸ˵ĻԼйء
ǽԼػûõģͷӸ˵ȥĩϹܿڣһٺЦ
㲻Ϊ˽Լˣ϶˲ˡϹܿ˸ҶĶΣƽ˵
һüͷһϹܿĻЩ֮⡣
ǡһɻʵ
ǳװɡϹܿͻȻЦ˵
һȻûС컹ôܣȴͻȻЦ˵Ҫףıı
Ϲܿһ㵵ƺΪ⣬ЦŵҪľǳ׵顣
׵ɶ˵أǾʽ𣿡һٺЦ
Ϲܿɫһ䣬һֳߵҾ˵飬޸ԣ
һٺһЦ˵
һֻʽ붼Ҫ롣ڶøԷ˽
ȵȣƺҸоͦõ޾ͼޣ޹ͱΪӵ񡣡һϹܿĻ˵ʵҲôģϹܿı˶ί˶Ƶģǲˬ
㣬ΪԸ޸ͷΪ˼壬·ˡϹܿ
һƲƲ죬飬ڻ£Աɡ˵һתߣʵϹܿú˵Ļ飬ûŮ֮飬Ҳ̸ʲôøС


228 ÿܰ


ϹܿһͷҲصȥݺݶ˶׷ȥסվס
һתһϹ֣ܿҾʵûʲô˵ģҲܴӦ
ôҲϲ֪𣿡Ϲܿ
Ҳϲ㡣һһЦΪԼǸ԰
Ϲܿһͣյĸоӿͷ˰ź޺޵ǲǻϲֻβߵһΪʲôӦ
ΪʲôӦҲ֪ǸˣȻ˾Ƿ󣬺ٺ١һЦ
ϹܿͻȻĨΣҧ´ѵȥұ𣿡
һٺЦ˵ҲҪңԼӵҲҪ
쵰Ϲܿһһ
һһ̧ɵץסϹܿСţȻ˦˻ȥңûʵһ֪¾ʵ۲ҲƲˣżϹҪ̣ͬͱһһķ룬ķҳ׼ҡ͵ڰһˣӶﵽһپ٣һ
һСţŸ⹫ļȥʵظۡż岢ԶȴסڶסǳǽһȼɽׯҪ֪Ƿǳƽ·Ļһ첻ɡ
סĶȼɽׯǶСʱ֮ˣɽׯһؼǲڵģΪһǰŽɵġȼɽׯɽˮ羰ʮûжۡǷâ¶ȴһ˽Ҷ⡣
ŵĻʶһ񲢷ȥòͨ
ɽׯ֮Уһеظ̾һһԲĿףСϪˮȣӳϪʵĶʯԵʮľµͤ¥ľ֮СеɾӸĸо
һתţµĿоʮ⡣·ֻص˾ɭɰ
·üŮҪһ·һЦлˣ㲻þӦҲ֪ס۹ԶΪףȻסڶԺ
һһ·򶫣˰ڿһžµľɵԺ䣬Ժ顰ӡԾĴ֡
һո̤ԺӣǰͻðããһƬǰƮľĿܼĵΧ岽֮ڡţƺˣһŻ˼ûһ㶯
һŵ𣬵ɶߣǰȻǰããһƬ
Ŷݼ֮£ô˶ָ󷨡һҲ֪һ֪ͨ󷨲ĿɱΡ
޷ǾŹԵϣһ󷨶ţֻҪһĹ߾ܳ
һϸϸ̽һ£ֻͨ󷨣ƺǰŶݼ֮Щ̫һ
ԼѧһЩƤëһǰ̤˾žʮһΣһǰͻȻһתˡ
ʱһתͷȥŷԭſڰһֵħмħʯӦħתʱţСڲͬĵطתȦΪʲôǰľŹԿħһҲ̫ﱾˣ֮Ŷݼ׻ħԭ¶ԶԱ֮£Ŷݼ֮ȴǧ򻯣üʯͷܽסɱ
һ뽫ЩħʯῪţ˳ԶͻȻһЦһɲʱ类ƵԭءϤһҲˡ
˿̣˿̡һţƵسǰȥ
һƬС֣һŷǰһðȪһӰڲԼ壬˿ʮ񡣾ʱӰһͷȪﲻټ
˿̡һһȪ֮УѸٳӰµĵط˹ȥ
һһǱˮҲˮ´µӰһ鼤֣˵ˮ³˹ȥӰסˡ
Ӱƺһʼҵ
һӰˮ棬һֵĽȣſңſҡ
һɲʱľ˫ʶ˻еĽΪʲôͻȻһˣո˿̵
˶һת㳯һһƴͣڰͻȻסˡ
һع񣬿Ŷֻһͷ¶ˮ˶һͷںڵķ˿ƮˮУ÷۷۵ģǳˣĴ۾ŭ
㣬ôһȵŮǵǹΪ˿̵ؼ룡û뵽һδˡ
Ůŭһһأ͵ϴ衣סҡ
һεЦЦȴɻո˿̵ġѵΪ̫Ĵ
ʱһŮͻȻ˹ԶԶر㺰С㣬С㣬˴ˡ
ۿŮ߽Ů߼֮ͻȻǰһͷˮ°ȥ
һ״ˣһƬĵطޱȷḻľ顣Կ϶طŮظҾڼƷһ࣬еʮˬ쳣
֪ˣȻȥһᴦġŮߵȪߵŮ
ŮӦһתȥ
ʱŮƺŲԼʲôһݺƿһ˫ֱȻ
һˮ棬Ůӣ˵ЩʲôͱŮϡյ㻹ʲôȥ
һЦˮڿת˼ȦȻأһˣʪ͸·ܿˡ
תͷȥŮִ
һתüͷȴ΢һȷŮԼرöֻܰǣԼΪʲôνΪ˿̣һΪͬװͬΣһȴΪþһô
һɻţϤϤµش
ˣתˡܰ
һתոճԡĴˣķӦҲʵҲЩ֣屻ˣЩŭ֮ƺû̫طӦ
ܰһüʵ
ܰһһۣǸ󻵵ζ˼ϳɱŮˡ
һʼ֪ңΪʲôϴβ˵أһŶܰʵ
Ͳ˵˭ϲءܰЩߵ
һεЦЦŮʮ˱䣬ɲСʱĻëѾͷˣôϳأ
ߣңҿһ۾ϳˡܰ
һʼ磬֮±Щ
ܰӵһʵ磬ôϲ˿̽𣿡
һͷ̾˿ԶռһҪλãκҲ˵ġ
ܰսȭͷͷµܣϲϲʮ꣬ԸӣΨһӡ
ոնԲˣҲ֪㣬ΪǡһǸضԶܰ˵
ܰ۽һ̲סҪ˵ԲûжԲңҵʮˣʲôҲ˵ڣ磬㻹ǵСʱҵĳŵ𣿡ܰʵ
һЦҡҡͷ˵ʵڵģļû붫ܰ飬ʲôŵˡ
˵㡭ûʲôȻǵǾˡܰҧŴڰֵ
һŷ·һĶܰЩ˵ͬ黹ΡΪʲôҪأԶܰйŵֲһСʱ
һ֣ȥ˶ܰ۽ǵ飬Цʲôأֱ˳ŵҪңһ𣿡
ܰͻȻһЦͷ磬ҺɵСʱҪأʱʲô
һŶܰǿװĿɬЦݣ΢΢ЩЩĵģʱܰıȴ١
ʵСʱҲûҳŵʲôˣֻ˵Ժһҵıڣұ۸ˣֻǼЩĶѣǧҪܰװЦ
ԭԺ۸ֻңһһЦĶܰ硣
˵ģ׼ڰܰЦ˫ȴԽԽܾ۾ɬɬƺжҪֻһԸϣֻһˣʹԶָ֮оҲûб
ˣ⹫أһЦʣ뻰ͣСʱĳŵϡܰǰڵһ
үүֲסԺסģ˼סߵԺܰ˵
һǰɣѵֳƫ
үүǰסģһ֮ϲԺӣүүһˡܰЦͬһŮһ㣬Щľĸӵѳûˡ


229 Ѫ


öܰµĻ飬һϲǣһʮŮܽת֮Ҳ¶ۼǼ֮
үʱͻȻС
һתСĬĬվ
ţأһʵСܹûие֣СԤʦռǼΪ˽⣬ӦҲԡ
ǻ棬СүԡС˵͸˫ȴεض˶ܰϡ
ܰСǹӶһۣȫë͵Ҳģ̱ܿСĿ⣬һָԼʩػס
磬ٿң۾ֱëܰƵһһߺȻ˵
С۾㲻ú£ûжġˣҵѻħУȥǷųɡһЦŵ
ܰӦһͼħǱּ̹⣬ź伸ըʱ̳졣
һСһ˹ȥǼ̹Ȼţɴñ
ܰһСŵ֣һ˿ɫ˿һռһġͺܲˬˣھȻֶһŮһ˫͸۾Ȼĵ
һȥʱħѱţطħȥˡѾʯҵ÷飬ħʧȥӦǲתˡ
ϴû°ɡţһС֣һ
Ƕûһ𣿡һЦ
ţץץţǣЦǣϴһֻ룬Ҳûµġ
һһ̤ţƨɣЦСӣһң
ţȻһЦݣǧ겻ııӦѾ̻ˣǲ֪ʱǲǻô᣿
ʱӰԺｵ䡣һ⹫ļ
Ҫȼɽׯ˰֪һˣҲ֪һضҵӣǹûȥڴŮ֮䷢ʲô
ֻǿԺﲼõƺ̫׵޸һ£ٺ١һûûСЦ
ƶ졣𣿡Цʵ
үүոռˡʱܰʱسˣЦݱȥס˶ĸ첲
Ŷ컹үүûȥ磬ڼˣ춼ˡŮߣϻο
ᡣ⹫ôô˵ҵŮܰŽ
Цȥɣ⹫
һ붫ܰһһҵվڶ߳ȥûţƺ붫˳ͻ
ԭţҪһ󣬶ĻȴһסǣǽţֱƢˣˬȻ̸жǴӹ͸ĸ߰ݱ˶ǡ˫û˵Ѿڳ˶ֵơ
ͦͣЦŵȻûֹǵ˼ţһϸ¡
ǲˣҵѡһ˵ĩţ൱
Ŷ⹫ŪˣɲҪ⡣һЩˣ˵Ҳóļӡ
ʱĸûкֹǣӵ˼һɢΧסţˡ
ţȴ߶ʮһóþħ㹥ȥĳʱΧѹٽó˶ɡ
𾪵ٿţĹصʽи졣ôҲףΪʲôһӵı
ʱȴӳ֮Ľâ˹ȥħ붷֮ʮֵ졣
Ƕǵ֮֮ǽʦĶ壬һѴﵽħʿľ磬Ȼרϻ֮ʦסˣʦʩħ
һ˿˵Ĵ򶷣֪ţҪ䣬˸ģȴ໥ϵ޷졣
ħʦϵģöţʩ˼ǵжʼ˳Ĵһһ֪Ǿżϵɽѹƾٻһɽ彫˸ѹɽѹΪΣһǾżһȴʮһ䣬߸޷ȡżĴɽѹٻֻһСɽ壬ʮһǴɽĴɽ
ʱţ˲ʣȻĽСɣȴǽֲֻ֮ͭƤǰˣֻҪﵽһǿȻǻŵġţڵҰԣ֮ǰѪɱٴαţȻӲһʦһֱ۱һ˿ڣþӳһֱ۵̹ʦʦȻ죬û뵽ţʹĴ򷨣ýӲţõ÷飬˹ȥ
ʱҲʩųһԱϹҲʵĴ۽һʦ˸ӣһڳӵʱ˳
ţѵʱϵħʦɣֻϳһȫǼӲʯɵɽ壬ţݺݵ
һĿţǿ֮ĩǶ㲻һˡ
һҪֵʱţ˫ֽյþͻȻһ۵̹⣬һҰްĺУͷĴɽȥɽþ̹һ£Ȼ˰֮С
һһ΢΢Цû뵽ؼʱţӾȻֿþϵǰֻܷӳ˵о޴Ǳûھ
ϵħʿѿʼٵӴɽѹţʼŲסˣͷ¶ɫǺ죬ѣ忪ʼرѹ¶ס
ţ㡣ʱҲͺһʼһƬƬıī̵ͷӭ衣
˫ͻȻī֮ɫǰһֶֻӰϡԿͷ˫ǣѪڣʨ۵Ķ
ͻȻһ׵ǰӰͻȻΪһͷɽ塣
޸壬ӵĪѪٴξееԸӣԼ໹һһԾ
Ѫһɻ
ĪԷ֮ᣬÿ峤峤һö̳Ѫʹ޸ֹĹ򡣡˵
ĪĪ峤Ķӣһһû뵽ΪһӮĸྐྵôͷ


230 ˻


һͻȻһͷĪļ̳˵Ļô˿֮ǲǻðأô˵Ҳǽүķ˵Ī嵽ʱҪΨǴӡ
һüЦŰεʱ򣬾ţһ𣬿еСɽҲԲס˵ƵԱȥֻһ죬̳ľ߿ҵһƬа̨ͤ¥ѹƬ
ţþһ˿̱ڵϲͣشŴϵħʿҲѺľһħһҲŲˡ
عŻ˴Ժһʹı飬ǻǮİ
⹫ֵԽˣǲ˼һٺЦ˵Ų˼Ͽһ㲻˼ı鶼ûС
ʲô˼ģֻүҪطȾˣȻЦ˵֮Ը˽˵̧ȥˡ
һžƣߵţǰ˫ֵס˵ĺ󱳣˽ȥǻָͨѪһţأվƣྡȥ
硣ʲô򰡣ǵļĻظЧҪáܰʵ
Ʒ˵ҲһЦȥôࡣ
˵һ֪ءܰС
ڸѰһͤӣϾƲˣҲңڡ
¼Ϊ߳ͣͣһ˵Ȼ벻ӰʲôģöֱܰǷ
үү޲İű˵Щұ绹еءܰŶ
ǺЦúúáҲ˵ˣˣźôƾͷΡˣɣ⹫ȥ˯һ
һЦӦһȻ֪һⶼûУ붫ܰᡣ
硣һңȥ·ܰЦŵڿն𡣳Զȥ
һüëһ··Ǹջ
ҲվϸϸһһЦؼתȥ
үС㲢ôСóǸСүദҪСһЩСöԶһ˵
֪ǸȻһЩģ˺ҵġһЦŵﻹе㾯ܰ۵Ĩе㵨ľġ
СһһǷء
ʱ༸ֹ̲סʵүûҪ𣿡
ʲôΪʲô޸廹ΪʲôӵѪһЦŵ
ԭү֪үҲ϶µҵˣ˵
ҲµûӦĪ峤ĶӰɣΨһ̳Ѫļ̳ˡһЦƺûʲôرĸ롣
Īμ̳ˣڣֻүˡ൭˵
ֻҪ룬ʱԻظɣУҴûн㵱ˣҵѡһЦŵ
һ˿мҡͷ˵㻰Ըķ䡣
ô죿֪Ѫÿһֻһ˲ӵУѵĿĪ𣿡һ۾˵
ı΢΢˶Ҳģһһȥ̳峤֮λΣԶүˡ
һЦЦҪؾֽ
࣬ȻĪļ̳ˣôᵽأһɻʵ
Ĭ˺ðΣŻ뿪Ī˵أ˵˿۹˹
һ̽ʵǰˣ
ͷҡҡͷĿʮָӣתͳҰ˵ǰˣΪǱˡ
ѹֵһȫԸܵĵʹ࣬ˣһϱһӶı䣬һԼˣеĿǲö˵һҲЩ棬˭ܾܾˣÿ˵ֲҪ˳飬ʵ̫ˡ
࣬ǲǿģȻǱˣɺοǿأһļ˵
ҲǿҲңֻҵȻ󿴿˾ôһˣֻҸֻҪҸҡҾˡЩҲЩ˵ļ򵥣ȴ纣һ黹С顣
ǱĻһ˲ɶݡİ鰡ѳ˽İ飬ֻҪҸֻҪҸ仰˭˵óġ
ȻôǾӦðʱܰӲԶ˹
һ֪һ͵ˣû˵ҲĹ¿˼ŵ˵û˵ãΪǻﰡõˣ𣿡
˵ľתܰ߹۾ȴһ
鲢ôͿԵõģûľʹءһ˵
ò˵ģԼʹ˭򵥰ܰ粽õػһ
һεЦЦͻȻʵãа𣿡
ܰһԣһ죬۵Ҳ㣬硣
˵㰮һкһк׷㣬𣿡һЦʵ
ȻˣҰϡҰһкһҲĵġܰüᶨ٣ܿ㷴ӦһԲף˵⻰Դ
ǺǣⲻͶ𣿡һٺЦ
Բԣ־ᶨɱ˾Ͳһˡܰǿ
һ־ᶨ㻹ô𣿡һʵ
ܰһ㶣δϻ˶Ž˵˲˵ˣ˵㣬ȥְɣûúȥһء
˺ܿ㵽ǣܰʲõסһֱۣùĳͳ͵ظе棬۾ȴȤҿ
ãô˼ҿӰһǿֱϴĸо˵
ҲŲأ˰ôô룬ۣһ··ƯܰѰĿ꣬һȥ
ܰ˸߲·תתȥŮ˶Ư·Ʒǲߵġ
ܰ˺ü·һ磬ȥһԣɲ͵͵ˡ
ôܰµʱһĨϤӰͻȻ˽һһȵʵ


231 Դ


ϹܿһһüЦʣΪʲôҲ
Ůװģһ˽Ϲܿߺߵ
˭涨˲ܽŮװ𣿵㣬ΪŮݣĶŮװ̫ɡһٺЦ
Ϲܿһۣص̤˼ߵһߣС־һϺݺŤ˼¡
С椣Ҵ򰡣֪Ѿܾˡһ׽סϹܿСֶ޺޵
򰡣򰡣Ҵ򲻹㣬ÿζ۸ϹܿƢһϣ˿һݺݵı顣
㵱ҲҴǰɡһаЦžһϹܿƨϡ
㡭ôԴҡϹܿ৵һº˸ͨ͸ߵصһ˵
ΪʲôԴû˵Ҫ˵ԴٴһٺЦ
㡭ȥϹܿݺݽһƿҪŶֺΪʲôһǱסˡ
磬㿴Ҵ·Ư˭ܰ߳¼䣬ĩ˵һ÷ǳŮһ۵Сۡܰʱ㱻̻˲ʶϹܿ
˭Ϲܿ¼һƯĹʱˬˡͷƵʵ
ܰϹܿһ󣬽ߵһֱ۵׵ıãʲôˣ
ϹܿöܰܵסһһĪĲʤһһһߵֺߵſĩޡ
ܰһ˿âһţŶһЦԭϹܿҵĩɩҪָˡ
ϹܿҲȻóܰĻһʲôʥŮܰɣȻʥŮҲӦʥŮӰȻǱáŮڲ㲻𣿡
ܰɫһ䣬ָ̻ЦôܵġǸղšղŻһԡء
ʲôǡϹܿصһǶõ𰸡
ʱԶԶڽΧ۵Ҳһ۷׷סǿˣЩ·ŮٸĸʶղǵĶԻû¸磬ЩԵŮš֪λΪԴ׵ϹСʥŮС֮Ȳѣ˼ҹŮ֮ô񵽱Ƶİ
ͨͨұ졣ҵǰɡһغȵȻǰȻԴףʵǡ̫ˬˣҲעӰǰɡ
Ůһһһ͸¶ŵϣʱ֨ˣǿɻûһأͻȻЩ¡
Ůһסһ黺һЩҪ·ˡ
磬㿴Ҵ·Ư𣿡ܰһһǰתһȦϴһ׽״˿ߵȹеʥϢټǱȻ޵ЦݣƯþ͸һʹһ㡣
ţƯһЩĿѣԵ˵
Ϲܿ˵ģܰǵر飬ǿ
ҲŲΪԴףΪǿɶŮˣߣ֪ǰҡβͣʲôʥŮֱȺ꾫ɧϹܿԼ˵
ܰ˿佱̵Цˣ۾سϹܿƳһֻۣ¼һˡ
С椣Ҫʲô·Ůװʺ㡣һ˵
ϹܿȴһĻضͱζΪһڷûŮζ
һĹˣͻȻԶһ׵ɫ·Ϊֻ˫紦˿˿СС㣬ɫ·ȣ·Եôء
һǰ·£ӸϹܿС椣ҿһ·ʺˣΪǵһЩ̵·֪ñŤ
ϹܿһΪѡ·ҧҧ´һ¼䡣
·üȽϼ򵥣˴ҲףϹܿȶܰȥȴˡ
һ͵ؿϹܿʱӣ۹Ȼ·ʺ·ϹܿӢȴữʡ
Ϲܿڴ¾ǰգһϲı顣
ôҵ۹ⲻɡһЦ
ǱСʣʲôÿܿӲ
㻹·ɣҿ·СҲһЦͻȻСЩįı顣
ҪҾҪ·Ϲܿ˫ֱأһͻȻ·Ƶġ
һĴȡһذ׵תݸ˸ԼССġ
үСϲؽӹ·һ͸˫һƬˮ


232 Ĵƴ


ȥһ԰ɡһЦȻСԼΣϾû˺ԼҹôˣǸҲʱӦòƽˡ
СĿԵһһŲӯ¼䡣
ϲ𣿡ϹܿͻȻʵЩ΢ɲ
ʲôһЩϡͿ
ᣬ˵㲻ϲͱôãҪȻ˼ϲֲϲ˼Ϲܿ΢ͷȴƶһ
һЩ죬ٺЦԭĪйƾ
ûУֻô˵ѣ˳һ°ˡϹܿ죬һ
²ģ֪߲ܣСͨԵģٺ١һЦŵ
Ϲܿʹصһһۣ
һĶϹܿĻȻһֲ˶УʱҲú졣
ʱܰһ׷ɫ·˳Ϲܿϴ·һ
רΪģƯɡϹܿܰĿϣͦҫرרϼ˶
ܰҧҧתֳһ˽磬ƫģҲҪΪ
һ̫Ѩͻͻ¡ŮԴ׿ʵһЩȤҲһ̶˵ģ̫ĻЩʤˡ
ʱСһذ׵ĳ¼䣬ߵһǳЦллүСϲ
ܰսȭͷһԹѵԼһŮȲ
һע⵽˶ܰı飬һ˿Ů뿴ġҲֻšȵĴˣ㼼ٺҲⲻ˷ΣաܸоܰǿҵռҲԻĵطһͯʱ¶ܹôʱ𣿲ʱԽ̣ȫǲ߼ġһΪܰĸ鲢ǰһִֽ̬֡
Ϊ˹ƽҲΪ֦ڣһһ·ܰȻʣŽŮȫ㶨ˡһΣһԶܰĿȴЩıˡϲ黹еմմϲȴǸִռжŮ˵صľֱòԺ󶨻¡
ǲһĲͷʱŮǰ˲٣ֻԷʼղôѺãҲǰشʷ棬粽á
һεذҡͷŮʱ鷳СְԴס
ʱһͻȻƳһƣ۾һڵλС㣬ûУбµ¡
˳һָķ򣬶ܰϹܿһߺգֻһָľȻǲ½ŮƷ˷ȻСǵ׷ˡ
ôʲôģȥ˭ءһٺЦ
ʲôҵģȾͱȣ˭˭Ϲܿһ˦ͷϵıӣƵŶܰ
ܰһЦĩɩҪСڱǰ̫ѿ
ϹܿܰزƳһۣȻԼĲܴ󣬵ӦòģЦ˵Լɡ
ˣȥ˷ָ°ɣСһٺЦȻŹˣŮ˵һǵ͸˵
Ůͬ
һʼЦ˭ã˭ջȻԼ˵㣬ֻ˵ĻȨġ
ǲ㿴Ϲܿ
ǸԸţУһЦ
ŮСԴҡø˹Ƶġ
磬ͬ㵱У㿴ˡܰĴԱûˣʼ˵
һЦֻˮԼԼһԼظˮһܽӴѣĿ尡
ɫǣϹܿĪظеЩ
ĩɩǲûȰǾͳɡܰüϹܿ˵
Ϲܿǿһ뷴Ǵ£ֲʲôͳԵ۾ռ˰ɡ
ãȾͱȣ㵱УƫġϹܿݺݵضһһʱҲ֪ʲôое˷ܣеƣе̼
СһԹЦһЩЦү˾ֶĴƴǵıԼҪСͷ˿Լͦε˫壬΢͵͵


233 ˷


һװεóɫĵ̣Ϊ㣬һ¥ǸŮҵССҼ¥Ŀĸ£жǶʽģҲгִϢȤװ˷ǳ
˷ڲ½Ƿǳ˴С󸾵ѡʱ˷Ķ¥һƬݺС˴УѡԼһһ˴̴̵ĵЩСű֮һ˸⡣ŮµˣĸŮ˺˼˵ѡرĻµŶ٣ЩСȻǱЫˡ
˷ϰһʵŮˣէһȥƺжʮ˾ţϸһȴʮ˾ֽ꣬Ȼͬʻһһǳģ崿ˣ˲
ϰⱻڵӭҵôһŮԾƷŮȻһıҲǶúܣһɨӱ֪˼˵ݡŶүȻʶλʸвͬĴ¶ĹǺŹҵĴС㣬պ֪ǵݣһĴС㣬һϹС㡣վһСţࡣǿóֻǸࡣ
ӴⲻŶʲô㴵ˣܳΪ̵Ů˿һƵһЦ޲ĵƫƫϻһ崿ζŮҪء
̣֡һԵһû뵽Ů˾Ȼôӹ۾ء
ŶٹˣСΪ˸ߵλǵѡ𣿡һЦһĵı飬ֹ֪Щʲôء
һźǻ𱩵Ĵһ£ҿ϶Ů˾ʵϵģҪظظҪƨƨɡرǹɷɧǸ˿˶ᱻ
޼ɵ۾ԱܣͻȻ⴫һʹܰϹܿһһߺһһﻹǽɽ׸ıƣһŮƲ˽ˡ
һعֽŮСְĴָǵĲŪ¡Ůһߴӵذ
ԸŮ˻һЧһٺЦЦ
̡ʲô¿ԸУչʾŮĵ£ȫóһЦŶϰ۾ȴȻͻظʱȴŮ˴ȤǰŤģҲ𰡡
Ŷʱ򣬽յһ»ʽƷʽ֮ѡÿһŮ˵ӵٷ֮١ȥùתŤ˲Զһ䣬ת۾ֳһ죬һȻڿʱɫеر飬ĸоȴɲ⡣
һźǱȹûԲ̵ͦβ¶һ˿ζЦݣŮ˲򵥰
һһµĴ˻һһڷڹϢɳϡ
Щ۲ϻģСϹС㾡һġЦ
һüͷһâһܰϹܿԻǲãʶǣһССµϰȴһԵǵݣҪ˵û˭Ҳš
ôûûкһ𣿡Ϲܿһȫ͸Сϣһ㣬·˸ûʲôء
ܰҲӣʮǰһˣǰչҲûʲô˵ģŹԸаȷж˭ˡ
һٺһЦתţ࣬ȥţ׼κ
Ӧһת¥һ̫ףһ¥һ㲻͸Ľ硣
Ŀһܲκʩųħ磬ŶүıҲĩ̫ˡ
ţʽʼλС㣬ǿԿʼˡһٺЦ˵һ˫ɫ۲ͣŮϴš
ֵˣŮЩϾ˶Ӣĩ޵ĻƻŮһǰ͸ԸеĩеŲ
󣬻Ƕܰҧҧһ׿ô͸ķɫȤ½¼䣬ϹܿöܰжҲһһ׺ɫ½ȥˡ
һĿתϰﺬ̣ͻȻǰצطϡ
̵΢΢һָܿЦ忿һһͦεغһϣЦһ滵ĻŹġ
һپ̵ľ񲨶ʼ쳣һ裬Ǹ߼Ⱥӡ
ٺ٣̣˰˸ҵغôͲô˵ˡһЦţ˫ۿʼЩ㱣ȴ»̵ĻԲοʼץָʵ̫ˡ
ǿЦţղŶʩԻӦðŶԡô䱾ˣѵǿȲţ񲨶ǿ
ˣҪ㡣һͻȻƵһһͻȻ㰴˺̾Ѩһֻȴݺݵ˺̵˶ظ
ֵ̾УȴԼ侹Ȼһ˿ֻ档ȻоǰĴֱĿӣȼĽء
ʱһͻȻƿһγѵģḷ́ɻʵ̣Ҹղʲôʧ飿ôһ㶼벻ˡ
ȴֻܴ̣һۡٴ۾ʱһʲô¶ûӣЦȻĵ˵Ĺ֪״ԻһôȫͬķЧҲûӰ죬һжֻװġ
ںҪҸһʱ¼ͻȻˣܰ˳һһҡҷ˵˹
һͫɲʱŴ󣬲ԾڿˮֻܰǿĽ׼¶룬ɢ˵ĹǰΧһ͸ķۺ£˶һ鼷ѹһγһ˵鹵ۺµĶˣ״С͹ʵѪ¿ȥӯӯһյСϸɫ͸СסصǵشȴΪǰ˿ƶһںڵë͸׶롣
棬棬һ᲻ͣ»Ǽ俪ʼȣСֵҲͦصʾ
ҪҪһﲻͣ˵ȴ񳤵˶ܰһ
ܰܵһǻĿ⣬ܵĿԼдɨӣʼ΢΢죬һСж˽˳ؼн˴ȡ
תҿһһඨﶯ˵
ܰߵתһһֱ̾ߣǹ⻬ļѩ׻ԲСƨɣһɫڻꡣ
磬ÿ𣿡ܰߵ˵
ÿһĺÿõ̫ˡһٺЦ˵
ʱһ¼ͷԵϹܿС椣˻ҿ˭ĺá
ҲϹܿʱû˸ղŵĵӣɷŲ˵Լֲϲһʵڿˡ
ѵҪ䣬Ĳ綫ܰһЦŵ뿴ϹܿԸȤǸʲôء
ϹܿĬһ̧ͷ仹𣿲ˡ
һһ˿Ц⣬˵ʵϹܿͷ˳ǲģЩϲã֤ϹܿǸִ֪ŮӣǲϲΪӺôһûõľڲϲǰѹĻһȻ۾۸ĵ׻һЩ
һɲǾӣϹܿȤµӻЩġЦһָɿۣͻȻ¼䵯ȥñľɵ¼ͻȻķ⵹ȥʱϹܿ¼Ҫ·һ㿴쳣޵һĻ
ϹܿһȤѾȥ⻬ļ谭ɿǰһ⡣ҪʱҪڿ㣬Բѩ׵βţʵ̫ˡ
ϹܿһжýֺҲ뵽һĹ
쵰Ϲܿʰһ·ס¶Ĵ⣬תһ
⣬⣬תԲ͵һٺЦЦת˵
ʱܰ˻ȥѣȻҪģڿϻһЩʪʪĺۼء
Ů·һָϰóһµЩȫˣǻȥ
̰ŶԵƬ̡װһϲӣЩµһ߰װȥˡ
ϹܿȻɱ˵۹עһһʵ̫ɶˣ˵ˣӲǺԼ⾡йı飬ҧ
磬˵ĩɩ˭ðܰһֱʵ
ŮĻǸǧ˵˭ıȽϺһ㡣һ˵ǵʱͻȻ¥´ִ򶷵


234 ݷﵽ


ʩŵģȻиЧͨĲԴŸ֪淢ʲô顣
һüͷһ̧޻ؽ磬ȴͻȻִʧˡƮ¥һƬǽ壬ţıĩջء
Ů뺬Ҳ¥µһ
ɱģ˭ĵҰ۵ֱл
ʱһĺͻȻһͣߵһǽǰϸϸһյĺۼ
˶һ૵ͻȻ࣬˵˵ĵʲôˣ
үڸղŽԼʮ˾ŮǷҪ¥ţǷ˳ͻմûһֽһŻɫƤףŽͷŮƺǵӣֹǣ¼ϾҾˡ˵
ƤףŽɫͷһȷݷɡȽŮŵĴŮȻݷֿôãʮλӢŮðԭһҲǡ
˺һһʼγѣԸһҪ£ţ࣬λСظ
磬硭ܰҲȥһ˵֮һʧȥӰλʥŮԭֱš
һʧĵط΢΢һ£૵ĪĻʧĿռħΪʲôûһ˿ħأ
һμڿ˺ðȻûзݷټЩʧͻȻһһԴԼǸľԴݷǣŵĵط϶Ƿ˼õꡣȥ
һһҷõ꣬һƹأ֪ƹΪŶԼҴСҵɫ˵ʲôҲϸնûãһĻ
һΣõŵ꣬ģǳô֪ݷﵽļõŰ⻹ѲƹĲ˵˿ɡǺһõﾾÿͣһͨû˿ôһŮӦòˡ
ͬİ취תǵҷõ꣬ȷݷסˡһõɳϵ
һ֪ݷʱݷȴҵŸϣҲÿ췢ˡ֪һѾصʱһ˵ҪǣκòץһᣬȻһϲˡ˭֪˳Ÿȴ֪ŶүڣǣŸһƫŸɵȡ
콥ˣǵĽֵɫħƣȾ컹һĳУͬʱҲһįĳУͬŲͬؽɫ˿ޣЦ
һİˣΪطһҲطãүŲˬƫҪŪЩ֦谭һ¡
ҹɫŨҲýʱǳҹ²ǳһҹϵ˱㼱٣ֻһЩȻɫŨ
һõ汻紵ҡҷĵüͷ΢΢૵Ѿͷʲôȥˣô
ƹģСȥʲôˣôôûһվʵ
СҲ֪ЩĸҹС鰡ƹĹﻹŴС㲻Ҫأ˿ɲʲô¡
ʱŸһŮӴ߽ƫ
ûУǶү𣿡ݷｹʵ
С㣬˵үˣүĩ顣
С㣬ҿǻɣү첻ˡһŮ˵
ݷ￴˿ҧҧٵȵȰɣϾͻˡ
ʱݷͻȻһѩ׺ãһŮ˽ݷ￴˵۹⻹еģʮа˾ŸŮˣæվһк
ȻǶˣո˵һƯŮƫܾˣȤعһ£ߵſڱŮƺΪүô˵ŮԼӵŮˡ
Ŀ޵ݷϴţصͷŮĵһӡͦġķǳҲƯһͷرˡһ׾޽װӢʮ㣬һӢˬظо
Ƿ˼ˣ񿪿ʵ
ǵģĸҽݷġݷò˵
ʲôˣŵ£͸¶һǡ
ݷ˺죬ȴǸɴشŮˣ֪ĸǣ
ݷĸɴΪӮ˶ĺøУϲ¸ҶˮŮЦŴĸס
ĸ㡭áݷȻʼҲµһЩ֪ݵʱе㾪š
Ҫţ°ɡЦŵŮϲ
ȻŮˣҲȻҵĶϱҾͽɡݷ±ŵ
ݷһϲû뵽ô׵رĵĸӦˣ˻ء
ҺϲŮЩҲĸǵ˵ǰͷ񻺻
ĸ˵ݷЩš֪Ҫ˵Щʲô
Ƿ˼ĹҲţǾԲ׸Ƿ˼أСϹСҲлԼٹñҪˣЩ֪˵
ݷϹСĻһĩһ˵ɹҪŮ˳ףȴȻɬݷһý˵Ů֪һһˣλҲ֪һ޷⡣
֪ҲҪ׸˼壬ҲбŮˡݷЩɬһŮˣĺ޽أ
ǿݷؿɬҲһŮˣŭʱҲǷĶӣݷ顣
ݷߣļʾοںˣܲˣҪڸһޣ
ݷҡҡͷĸһǻȥɣٹ
ݷŮŸǷ˶Ҳзůǲú䡣
̾һݷﳯǰȥʱͻȻƮһƬһƬѩѩ׵ģӨģת
ѩˣȻѩˡݷͣ૵Ҫ֪۹λļȴůͣѩǷǳϡġ
մӷõһҲͷһƬһƬƮѩ񡣼ǵڰµ۹߾Ŀǣݷطһѩ׷ɵӣ֮Ǵѩжȹʮҹҹ
ѩҹǷطأһһƬѩһЦ÷Ÿȥ
һ㣬㶼ҵݷ૵һ˦ͷϽ𷢣ŷõȥ
еʱעģԵҲˡѩ׷ʱžҹһֵһһŮһһ£ô໥עţһ˲ɲǼ䶨񣬳е㡣


235 ֮


һŵǸڷ׷ɴѩеĻɫӰ˫Ө͸ӣıͻȻһᣬֻУ˳ѿʼڵѪҺȫͳ͵ĸоҲ֮Ҹϲá
һ䣬Ҳ̲סеļԴɳ
ݷһ飬˫е£۳һգ˱˼֮ᡣ
һݷţųһĨ΢ЦǰͻȻһſĻ
ݷһһֻһһϡȻоԼʼתŷ
ݷˮЦˣҸͻȻѸ٣ֲʵξ
һֹͣת˽§ڻϤζоĩйĳʵһԼ˲еܰо˵ڱԭбεذһ𣬶һ˵ݷﲻŮ˸ˡ
ݷ§һһ§סһǶصϢֻһ뿪һ֮յ䣬˹
ҹɫѩҲԽԽ󡣿ӵŵȴ˿ĩֻôӵűӵȫ硣
һۣԿԷеĽ֮ɫ˵ͷʧѩ׷ɵҹɫ֮Сʱ˿̣Ƕġ
õĺ׷ӰȵӵţϢţҵƺʮУһңҪŮˡݷｫСһڣظʵ
һûøӿҰ밮ظݷ˱ݷССּ࣬ݷĽϵһشػ档¡أΣ۱ݷе㼸һ¡
ӵųȥһһ߿Ҵţݷѹ¡̧ͷֹͣ˶Ż谵ƹݷｿεաԭӢʮһƬ׵񾱶Ⱦһϼ͸¶һ˵ġ
ݷ˫һǳȵļһƵһЩܲס
㿴ʲôݷｿ
ȻǿҵķСˣҪúõģϸؼסÿһƤһóɳ˵ݷϵһֻḧݷԶ̵üǡĴỮš
ݷ۾һǴŸĸͻȻ촽һһָֻ˱㣬ͺ񣬺ڿǱ˼ײһҹ
һĺɲʱݷһӵĶЩϲѾͷĪǻ꾫ǱʣһһֻֿʼݷͦظϸţСֵҲսģݷ˫ȼ
ݷ֮է˴̼鲻ԽһҧȴԼеĿһָ
һʹһָָӡ
Բһ۲ۣݷһʹ¾ѹǸһ˵ָᴵ
ãáһЦͻȻ뵽ǵʱݷеСֵܣǡ뵽һס亹ֱ
һû°ɣôôູݷֵʵѵô
Ϊ㡣һаЦȥʼݷϵƤס
ݷȴƻ𣬽һŤţʱһϵѡ
ݷϵһ䣬תۼ䱻һֻ
һݷһԲ΢΢飬ȲظŪɾʱ۽ǵͻȻݷ񾱺㷢µһɫƬŶ˺󾱡һֽůĺɫƬǰ棬Ƭ״ʱˣȻڰħ⡭ʥ״һģһ
ݷĿɵǺͰȴʥһ̵ĵϵȴͻȻ˻ɻ۾Լһֱϵķ񷢴
һôˣҺÿ𣿡ݷһǰ˻ΣЩһǵ˺ܾˡ
һع񣬴ȴȻû뿪ɫƬɫʵģ
ݷһıѵ֪϶ǷʲôҪ飬ЩСŮ˼µݸһҶ֮׸ҵġ˵Ƿ˼ΪҲڱԭôʱ䡣
һ뵽˵һμݷʱɢػϵħʱһֱһʦΪʲôҪħƷ
ʱ֪ĻϵħƷ񣬻Ӧóƺ֮Ƚʺϡ
ڿǵ죬Ϊʲôûпһɻʵݷ﷢ϵȴΪ˼ͻȻƲʱĩݷﲱϹ֮
ݷ룬˵Һڷ죬ͻȻ񱬷һ⣬һ¾ûˣҽоȥ㷿ʱûдϡ
ԭˣһͷͻȻеһЩʱݶڰħʥҲóоţ᲻֮أʥڰħһһ
Сӣ湻õģ֮޻ͻʱһһʶ
֣´ʱк𣿲֪ڽ״°һû˳ñӽݷ¶ؽŪݷЩĪ
ΪϡǸ֮ܵϢųģҪȻһóءӰߵ
һһʶ˵֡ҾӦ֪һЩƬɣЩ񵽵ôðҶһͷˮ
ӰβţЩƬƣȷʵ̺ž˵ڻܸ㡣ʵﵽһĳ̶һġ
Ӱһ˵һʶʧˣһôûһ㷴Ӧʵﵽһ̶ȣһЩԺˣڵʵڲ¶ԸһʥӦⲢɡʥħѧԺŮʥһϴ򲻹һŮʥѳ˽ʥľ磬˵ѵ˽ĳ̶ȡʵǺӰ·𻹲ʮǧһǵ׵ʵϸأ񣿷
һ㷢ʲô񵽵ʲôҰݷŵۻסһʵ
һ̾һüĿЩ㯣ôˣȴһһŪ֪Ӻ֡˫ڿл裬һǿĽ硣
˵ǻš𣿡һʵ
ƣݷЩ𾪣֪һ޵ķʸȻô˵˾һ
һû˵ʲôӿռָｫڰħʥȡ˳ɲʱ䣬Ƭâڿתš
Īǣʹ˵еӵ޹ħڰħعʥڰħ񣿡ݷﲻʶ㣬һ±³
Ǵ˵йڰƣϷǻơһſ໥ӳƻ˵
Ƿ˼ıǻ񣬻û뵽ƾȻǷʵ̫˲ˡݷ૵
һݷΣһʱеˣԼŮˣ֪ԼڰħԼħ飬֪֮ʲôӦ
֪ôڰϵħһͻȻʵ
ݷһһΪʲôͻȻôһ⣬ҲûнӴڰħ˵ڰħ˽Ըбڰ֮Իˡ
һЦʲôأڹĹµĲ½мźڰħħһֻƫںڰˣʩħʲôأĳЩڰʩܵһЩӰδӶⲢʲô⡣Щħİ಻ǴŹ޶
ݷע⵽һı飬ͻȻһ裬𾪵һĪҲǣҲǡ
һʼ磬кڹһһʴ˴ߵӣӺܿһѺˮ
µûҲڰħģǲΪҲǲɱ֮أһݷ˵
ݷһһץסһҡͷԼղŵķӦһ˵ģȫ˶㣬ţҲ֪֪һǡ
һĵЦˣһѽݷ˴С
ݷ°͵һļͷ૵һ㲻ҪˣʵҺܿģܽôһشܸĺܿġ
ţʶķǺڰϵŮУǵһ֪ܵŮһЦŵ壬ݷȷʵһߵŮ
ݷһϲ˵ԼһǷǳҪġҪ֪½˼ԺڰħмƫܽƹصԼ֪֪жжء


236 ҹ˶


ƮڰУڰ׺ɫâ໥ӡţ͸ţɵ޺һӡһݷϡ
ݷж֮£һŨ񼸷֣ʱƹâӡ£ֱݷ鶯ˣ廹ﵽһ壬ʼݵһĻŤϢҲóޱȣղżζˣĻüС
ҡ
һĩ˵꣬ݷ㽫Ƶڴϣ㴽סһڵĻʲôֻŮˡ
һʱŮѹţǷ𷴿ɽػλҲǾɳϽˣݷ鶯糱ˣڽٻҸһȥɡ
ݷƻСֿʼ˺һϵϲޱؼ֮ףȻ⼸㰭µĲϡ
ܵݷļУһǹϵ·ڳһһ˱ݷｿ۵飬ֻȴ붯һɽԽ룬һѰ̽أݷϵ֮
ݷȫļڶ鸲һۺĹ󣬿ɷˡ
Ȼһ۾ĵСֵһһůС֮С
ѽ̡ݷŴС쾪һȴҧ´Ȥض
һѵٽ㣬ݷСһŪʱ糱ſݷĴȾͦǹ붴˭֪ݷȴСֵܲš
ˡһݷһѣһƬݷһ󽿴
ʹݷ˶֮ﲻĺܺΪʲôղŻļһһͱ˵ģأ
һȴ̲סˣ˫ݷдһŪʱСҲ˿
һѹݷϡҪжݷ˫§סһĲһ㡣ô󣬿ǧѷŻˡ
һһ֣ᡣ֮ҹʹ϶Ǳⲻ˵أһ˺ǲڵıĤʱݷҲȻ£ڼԼŮŮ˵ת䡣
Ȼ䣬˵ĵĿжﵽ˼¡ˮ齻У˵ĸõһʵ밮ɷָأﵽһ̶ȻȻᷢԵİమھϴﵽһϡ
ݷӹһĻУָؿʶػȦƺÿŮڻһǱʶĶһҲ⵽״ʲô
Ϣһ𣿡һҧݷĶ
أȻȴءΪ̫ˡݷƤزŪһϸСͷЦ
ˣո㻹۵ֱأһЦŵ
ǸˣŮˣҲڽԼؽ㣬ԺԸҵ°뱲ӣȻǸˣ⻹ֵҸ˰ݷ￩Цţͷһͷϴһת
Ƥˣǵ÷˻ɱİһݷִˣ֪ݷΪ¸ܲٴǱԾ
ݷｿЦŲΣһŪʮ²˴ɡ
ҪǴãһʵӵˣȥ
ŰҰɣҸŶ˼϶Ҵأ˵ݷｿεҫԼĳɼ
ҵıȻˣֱһŮӰһЦſ佱
ǣҲ˭Ůˡݷｾѧһ
һЦݷСƨƨ¡
ҴǻȥҪȥһ˻ɽ˵ﻹɽׯµණȥ֮ҵ걾ķ˶šݷ˵
ôǷ˼ķ˶𣿡һֵʵ
ţ˵˶ǰΪ涷Ϊϵɽׯͻֻ֮ϵһر˵𣬾ǴʦļҲԴﵽʵݷһ
ʱһͻȻ˿ǸԵľжӳ𸴣Ķ˶ԼΪƣʵɽׯǧǰǳͻǷˣ
ݷҡҡͷҲ֪˵ɽׯʣһ
ǰڿһõĶ˶ʮƣƺʤһһ˵
Ůݷﾪȵʵ
еġһ
еģǵķ˶ֻʺŮǡʱݷͻȻɴ۾ͻȻһб
ӴҪԸڽֹ𣿡һʹһ
ôˣݷͷʵ
㿴СŲʲôطˣһüޱʹȻ󲿷װġ
ݷһһ˿һԭСѾ̤һϡȻ֪ǵطҪԣԼһȸȻˣǶСַסǶǸǴɴຬ
һȻǳˣһСֵܴ˴̼ܲѧ仯
ããûʲô¡ݷһСֵվؿһ
С꾫Ҫһݷ˻Уǿѹֹ
ҾС꾫һ˵С꾫ݷЦȴ׽̵ùȻû˾ҪЩСֶΡ
ݷĻͻȻһǹС건ɯǷɧ˵ǻʺǾﰡһû̫ãݷղĩ˵Ļʵղ˵ʲô
˵ɽׯ涷ǰϵһʺŮһʺ˵Ǹ˻᲻ɽׯһϵݷ˵
һͷȴŵ𸴵ķӦʱʹǷɽׯйϵȴ˵ɽׯ޹ϸ
ȥǸ˰ɣǵĻ̫ˡݷ￪ĵ˵
ðɣлҾʹȥһӦеȴ˵ļ沢ֹۣ𸴵жٶ͸¶Էɽׯ޺øС
ʱ͸ˣҹ׷ĴѩѱСѩֵϲʱشǾϲĻټѩĿ۹˵ѩԤʾԤʾķգһܺõͷ
ݷմĴԼ淿Ǻѩ㣬ͻȻǳȥѩ˰ɡ
ѩˣڱԭʱôѰһЦ
ʱ춳ˣ˼ѩ˰ݷ𣬻һֱֱǰһûεһˮֱ
úúãҴӦ㻹ȴ°ɣҽϵ޻ٻһʲôӦһסݷƣֻͬˡ


237 ѩ


һݷڲдһȻһ׵ĳݷҲԾǱ־ԵĻɫɫƤס
ûо÷ƯһЩݷħ޹䣬üĿˮԼʵǰӦûַɡ
һٺһЦӺ§סݷȻƯˣԺԽԽƯԺÿһ£Ϊ˫Ĵˡ
ᣬ㲻˵Ҫٻϵ޻𣿡ݷｿߵذһһۣȴЩڴ
һͷȻڿеƣĬֻĵѪɫúһ룬ޣСϻСʮ˾߳ԼɷܽҸˡ
СϻһܵϢһ𣬱ڿеɲʱֿâ֮˻룬ڰħʥСɢĹâֻ޵棬һѹֵֻΪɢĶʼ𶯿ѣ޵ȶȥһµĳǿ羹ȻʼȥƾһĽˡ
һ˷ƨͬ졣һ૵һӣСֻҲڱģͬؿ޻ܵһĽŽ
һԼֻսֲСһһʼݷȻʧ״̬ԼЩ̫ھˡ
ðΣݷعСʶأֻǱһʮߺ͹ͷӸŵˡ
ҲѧħЩ˵Ҳٻ𣿡ݷָʮ˾߳õ
ǰò𣿷һٻʬҪҪһЦŵʮ˾߳һʱûˣǹʻĿ׺ֺһЩ֪ǲĴ
ҪˣЩѾˣǰǸһѪܵءݷܲϰ߿ЩͷرϵĺڰѪȵɱĶǱġ
һͷվǰͻȻӿһĸоʶػһ
ǺڶͫͻȻֳ⡣ʧһȴ͵һһƵĸоǾڻӦĺ
һٻһãȴҲûκηӦ
ڽݷ̲ס
һ˼ҡҡͷʵղпеĺûУ
ûУһ㷴ӦҲûаݷֵһ
ûӦĪǸղҵĴɣһ˰Σ˼ǲǴԺ֪ˣ治У˭˵þͲԲʶأ
һһӣɷʮ˾߳ӽڰԪռ䣬СޣȴôҲϽȥˣƵҪò״һôأ
ҵطѩھͺˣһϲѩݷ￴ֻڴֵͻȻ˵
ˣ㲻˵һˣѩôûһһʵ
ǰЩ֪ôˣʼñ겻ƢҹҷֽᰲҾͽߣȥʱȻԼڱ˵Ҫˡݷﲻ޵ǵ˵
Ҫˣѩǳħޣô׳£˵ģӦˡһ§ݷﰲο
ݷ￿һϵͷͻȻôѾһɨգһǿȥѩ˰ɡ
ݷһӷƹĺͷԱӶ׵ǵĴС㾹ȵźųƲһɫŶٴõķ߳˵ҹˡ
Уҵþ촫ŸˣɲС㱻۸ˡƹ૵̷Ը¿ʼīд
ʱȻЩҲȻƮЩ˿ƵСѩҹµشѩֵϵĻѩûˣڽ϶ѩ˴ѩʣòֺ
һݷѰһտ֮أСүѩһݷԼ߸ŵֻǳɰСס˵Ŀ⣬ŶٵȻ˶ʶãν֮ʿЩС˱ᡣеĵˣеԶԶؿţϾһ棬ʲʵ¹һ˿΢ЦСǿżǿɱ
ʵҲԼģȻеɫпɣ˭һߵݷء
Ƕһôѩ˺òãݷ·ǳߣЦŴֱ۱Ȼš
ãΪһǰ޹˺ߵĳѩˡһٺЦ
ݷƴصͷЦѩеɡ
һߵտ֮룬ڳһ̫ƣȻʼ趯е˶һǻض֪ڸʲô
Χ۵˿ʼԽԽ࣬һЩС̷ö࣬һ⾹Ȼ
ιȥ˵ŶүǱߵϷŮء·˼׶·ҵ
ιȥ˵ŶүǱС·ءұ·˱·˶˵
òȺڵĴǾˣǱߵĿյΧԽԽʱҥҲԽԽס˺˵ŶѩﵱǿŮŮݻͣĳĳүŮ
ǺΪһ˿ĳ档ֵ֮ŭ֮ȥߺȼҲ֮
һΧòȺȻǶѸѩôô˸Ȥ侪ȣȻ˵ֳͷԽԽãͷݷһССģֶΪء
Ȼ𣬵ϵѩҲ֮Ʈһ˫ֻһһȦѩҲʼžΧ۵˷׷ס۾ôһôķ硣
ʱǵһյϳһۣһΪγһǿķѩ磬һӰѾˡ
ϵĻѩʼмѹΧ۵ǵ۾ǿ澰ȶŴͼһⳡʵ̫׳ˡ
ۣǿҲŪŶҵȿģԶҥԵĳүֱ߿յķѩ磬˵¶˾ģԺһҪΪŶүĳ
ѩ£ԽԽϸĸ߶ȴԽԽߣֱǷҡֱϾһۿͷ
ȻǸתͻȻȻֹɼΪĸоǵŵͻȻſһ㣬رܡ
ǵľ̾˴˷ͣˣЩյѩҲɲʱֹһۿȥһߵγ״ѩ̴ѣɷǺÿ
βĩ̶ּã̶̵ļ֮ѩ̴Ѵ¶ϿʼݣӾй޷ݡ
ѩĩĽǾѳһʮҵѩѣʱ˲ŷյеĻѩѾˣ¶¶ĵ档
һһѩгƮȻأ˵š
žžž֪˭ͷһʱ쳹أʹеսһ
£ѲղŪģ˵ڶһǰ޹ˣߵĳѩˡһܹ档
ʲôѩˣѩ˻ŪôĶôȥΧۣȷĳģսɫһôࡣ
Ҳ֪Ūһ亹ش
꿦꣬սȭͷÿ죬Ȼ֪ĻжѵǼһﾹȻᴫ˵еķϵħҲĩ̫ˣܿСնĸ󻼡
һȴ֪һѩ˾Ȼķƶ˿ɧسΧ۰ջ֣ﻹƾһѩ˵ܸıĶӡء
ðݷ˷ܵغˡ
һٺһЦͻȻӰһΧʮ׸ߵѩתһһ£ۻҡѩĽУѩҲظı״
ʱعȥΧ۰ȴζȻǿһڸʲô⿴һڿݺҿ켲ޱȵҲһܰʱǲŻȻ֮ǰǸݰӵܾȻǿˡ
½Ƕǿߣ֮ǰûУֻƾż޷ȻǸŭԣһһûµķһǿ󣬶һ֮ûж񼣴ǵҲŷЩ仯
һСʱ֮һֹͣתͣΣƮڿдԼĽ
ʱΧ߲ſһѳѩʲôǾһӵŮ˵Ƕѳģ˵ǵ̳ġеŶүŮǸƤ׵ŮѩŮͷŮ§Ĳӣ΢ͷĿ֮ӣ鴫֮
˶ͷ޴ѩ̾ѣǰ޹˺߰ѩ˾ܶѳ
һƮȻ£ݷͶֵĻУһһ㣬Ⱥ֮Ҳɱ˵Ŀ⡣


238 


ݷУȺȥոոоء
ôˣʶ𣿡һʵ
ûûʲôݷתͷЦ̫˰ɡ
ݷһĻжʮ׸ߵѩе޷ֻ͡۵Цûάֶñְ̫ˣֻǵ̫Ҫڻˡ
һıʲô취ѩԶڽ⣬ȥҲ벻ʲô취Ǵﵽˮϵľˮϵħ
˱ۣӦûһȥ롣һЦ˵
һôݷʵ
룬ѩһѩݷȻڻˮǲûʧ໥Լ壬ԶΪһŴأ뺣ֻҪһ컹ˮѩһѩݷԶʧԶమֱʯáһддԵĵͳ˵ݷһĿռ䡣
һŮˣʲô黰أճɣоĶ֮֯С
ܰϹܿǳѩ˲ԶУ˽ԳĬ֪Щʲô
̫ˡ쵰ϹܿͻȻ̧ͷ޺˵
ܰȴǷĩһ㣬۾ͣŸӵ飬ĺüǸŮʵú޲ǰɱ
С㡣ʲôϹܿܰľʵ
ܰعɫָʵղ˵ʲô
˵̫ˡϹܿظ
Դˣܰʵ֪ᵽĶʴˡ
ȻǣһǸ쵰Ĵסֻǣ˶֪ҼףȴڴĵֺñŮˣŪ˾֪Ժôȥ˰Ϲܿߵ
ܰŶһֳĬˡһ˺ôѩȲظϵŸұһȥѩ֪һҹĩ顣ʱɱڵɱϹ帮ϣʼ֪粢ĩϹܿһ𡣶ʱͻȻзضŶΣҲȺȴһĻ
ܹһռб𣿡ܰɶԼǰŲƵ뷨ʡߺòܹһһǸ롣ܹһ˼
ϹܿܰͻȻʹʮֲ⣬ĶܰʵС㣬Ϊʲôôϲ֪ǿʮûˣôϲģϲأ
ܰ˰βſڵʮǰʱұ㷢ĽҪ
ϹܿȻʱż갡ѵ㲻֪֮жô𣿡
ҲܡҾҪ޸磬ϹС㣬֪һأ˳𣿡ܰȻ̧ͷĿƵضϹܿ
ϹܿһʱҲ֪Ǹÿ޻ǸЦʥŮܰôе벻ͨ˳ƺЩܵĸо
С㣬Ӧ֪ѿ˽ڣа취ñ¸ı⣬ҿ˳Ϲܿ˦ȥԺ˷ĵ˵
ܰĬȻ֪Լû
УղҲˣ˳ΧȻΧŮˣӻ˼ȷܹܵס𣿻ɴཫĿܡϹ֪ܿΪʲôﾹȻеɬҲͱ
˵ˡܰ𣬱ݽ´Ҫҧˡ
Ϲܿͷľ޴ѩˣĿЩ룬ѩ˴飬֪һŮظȷʵֿҵģ֮ŷǳĸ飬ͻȻʵС㣬㿴ѩŮѩ𣿡
ܰͷһ£˵ͷϹܿΪʲôҪôʡ
濴ʲôϹܿʵ
ܰӷ۴߳һ֡
֪㿴ʱռлռУȴû¶˿񡣡ϹܿתŶܰ
ܰ类һ͵һ£ɫòҰһƬͺͷһשƵġ
ģ֪ʲôҰ磬ҰܰϹܿƯˡ
Ϲܿӣһ˳Ŷܰʧķ̾һԼǲ̫ˣһӽõĻ˳Լ˵Ҳʵ
ٴӵһؾ޴ѩˣϹܿͻȻЩį嶫ܰģԼأ


239 ݵŭ


ۼֵԽԽֱ࣬ɽ˺ˣݷٴǾ޴ѩתͷһ̫ˣǻȥɡ
һͷֻסݷСŵ㣬ڿնɲǼʧ˵ǰ
һŸ˵ǰ
ҪȥңݷЩִٵݷһ£ȴǱɾʹһˡ
ǰȥףһϲġһЦ֪ݷΪô
ʵѾŷˡݷ˵
ˣô׶òãһȤ˵
ݷţ׶ҺܺãƯƯҶԲλˡ
һٺһЦݷһģɵѾͷҲȥɡ
˸ոսŸǰĴԺڣʹŮ˳
СӣŸʲôݡǿ˶ӵݵһĻϷи̾椵ľ绹٣ֶĸŮӵóİ롣׵Ժء
һЦݷֽ˴ʵɳһݷﲻվŲ£ɴ§һݷһ˲صһĴϡ
𡭡ݷﾪŵҪѪû뵽һŶ滹ô֣Ҫվ
ˣſȴһ˿΢Ц
ףȻϱҲ̫ƫİ᲻ƽġһЦŽݷﰴԱߣȴȻ§ֺأ׶ݷⰡ
һһۣʵû취
˼䣬ݷ𽥷ſˣ붫ĵζһһȥˡ
ʱŭͻȻˡæסͷӭӡ
үôôͻˣʵ
ŭһûд𻰡תͷһݷ
ݷŵһ񣬵˼ݷ
ŭͷǻӦһҵ鷿
һӦһݷɣȥȥ
߽鷿ŭһӣŭСǲ֪ߵغżڷ˼ϣȴ֪躹ޣŪǼɹ
һȴǲ壬ЦϢŭʱô躹Ҳˣ֮ǰϰеӡҲ֪ǿƵǳ˳Ťתһһá
ŭת£һչֳĳʵοֻеĿ۽ϣԺʲôѼ֡
µҲûİ취ˣԺ¶Ҫ˼УҪץס˰ѱϾµʱûе㾡һءŭ˵
һкٺһЦΪûҪսϺõĹ鱨Ҳŭ٣һЩսָˡ
ˣɩǼôŭһʵ
ŭǰһҲûʲôù˼ɵģֱ˵˵ҾôɩֵĺӰһʲôϵ֮Ӧ˽ɩȫ
ŭͷϰԵظ°͵ĺҲô룬ɩҲҪ
磿Ӧòһ˵ȻķǳǿԿóż廹Ƿǳء
֪¾ɩѹƻҲ֪ڳˣʧˣߡŭɱ
һһ裬˸׻湻ĺأûȷ֤ݵ£ϱҲ˵ɱɱһ˵õõġ
У۹Ѿɳʹ̸۳ˣµ۹ҲƵƵҹʾã˵ҲʹŹҲ֪۹лĺȥѡһǧʽΣڵľѵ˹ؼʱ̣κŭɫ˵
µ۹˾ٿʱɣ֪µ۹۹ĹҲԽԽˣһǿ۹һ˵
һսҲʮ⵹òŲġŭ˵ȴһ˿ֵ΢Цһ͸ı΢Ц
һҲˣһʱҲ²͸ŭ˼
ˣȥɣڻʹᣬɲҪٵŭ˵
ǣסһӦһ˳ȥԺȴǸŭǹ΢Цֱŭһıʲô


240 ͢ҹ1


ݷ붫̸ӭϣѾԼŮһ㡣ݷڴŴ󲿷ֵļۼʶҪͬŮ࣬ҲǶϲԭ֮һ
̸һ䣬һղһݷȥˣ˵ҪɣҪģ˵һһ˶Ҫʹ磬Բ˳ǲøȥ
ƻʱ֣ϦӡŲϼȾùˡʱǵҹʽĻΪ½ҵĻģǵҹǶ˶ʡŹᴩеĽ˿Ϊܼĵطɫ̷̯һͷǳ극У˹һҹУڲݵϵµغ٩һҲʧΪһ־ĥʱķ
ǿڴмǮȥ¥̻֮˳һҲȻĳҲԵ𽵹ңһ
ǲƻᣬᣬҵȺᣬ෱ֻ࣬Ҫݣÿֻٲˡ
͢ǵߣտɵԱۻᣬЯҾμӡ͢Ҳ˳֮ΪᣬΪٳ֮涼ҪҹġȻˣɿط˳ô˻ὫԼҵǧ͹Ӵɷӣμӹ͢ĸݵλˡҲŲԡ
һ׽߳һͷڷôԺдżֿţƺԶϵ΢ЦԼĪʣǺһѹӡ
ؿԼĶӣЦҪвٴСҪסˡ
һٺһЦ˵ǣҲ˭Ķӡ
üЦӳÿб¡Ժˡ
˿żյĺʼŻʹȥ
ڻʹһİܶΣڹĵطȽϤˡ
ԲУһʱѾˣŻۼһ졣һıЩʸšüݵСˣһߴ̴̵ţһ֡Ȼ඼С޺޻ǲһذ
ŭ˶ʼΧڵشк
ŭһ߻Ӧţһ߸һšһ˵Ӧ굱Ȼǲˡ
һǾ޴ѩˣ˸ҿӵܣƨǹһ˵еޣѳš
ʵڳ͢ԱϡЩżΧڵģЩǸŻʵսżԵģһ졣
ò׽һȦŭ뼸ϵеĹԱһȥˣһȺ֮Уһ˸Բﴩţʱʱ龫ظӽƺ֪Ѿ˵Ľ㡣
һʱɲȵˣһ£ڼС˶ĺøֱУ˲ʱһЩмɫСװؾߣǶһǶһΣ뾡취Ҫע⡣һĶŵʰ𻹸˼С㣬Щݺݺ෼Ŀɿɣȴתȥְֺޡ
ʱһͻȻǰʮʮΧŮڣеĶԼʶģһϹܿһǶܰһһɫС°һֻһŮ֬۵ʩüȴĮȻƺͽЩǵ˿
һ룬ƺŮеӡ󣬵һʱȴ벻ϸ˼ԻһӽΪС㣬һŮӦþǱüĴС㱱𣬺ڹڳ¶档
ƺоһش΢΢Ťͷ˹ĮȻ΢΢һ£תָֻ˹ž޲ӣҲûһһۡ
ʱϹܿ붫ܰҲһڲԶ˵ıֶЩ̫ܰһܹסԱߵĹЦϹܿǸӵؿһۣҲˣ졣
һü漴ҡͷЦЦҲǣһת߿ˡת֮Ϲܿ붫ܰĿͦεıӰϡ
һǵԲһ˹Сģʱɫ磬ʽʱҪʵսžУ͵СȥЪһЪ
һҪʱͻȻһ𣺡þò
һתһ̫ӷͷڵ꾰ЯһϸĪЦ⾩


241 ͢ҹ2


һĿ΢΢һЦ̫ӵµķȻ
ûƺ˲٣ǰǺҸġЦ˳ɿ˻ǧĵŮˣֱߵһǰ档
һļ翪բĳˮһӿӱսĵӥҲǵ̫ӣͱ꣬ʱһǫЦݣԴŮ൱һףڵж֮ơеӥͦģӹ˻죬ڹԸŮ˵ľ飬ֻӥûѧϣѧġŮ񹦡еԴӥɱ״绹ףӥҲΰӹ𷣡
ǰҲ£ð̫ӵ¶һЦ
ӥ´һΣʼ̾һıˣʼ˵ʱһţȴɲҲˡ
һЦЦĩǰˣǷݸڣӥҲʼӪˣΪ̫ӵӥûе֪żİӿ
ӥŮӻˣתǸɰɣȻڲٽҸˣСȴȻҵĵܵܡ
һĬóӥϵأͷ˵һأĿġһòôɡ
ߵվӭ΢磬£ֵܡ
ʱû뵽֡ӥͻȻڣ˵ȴһ顣
һЦҲû뵽
ʱҶɱ㣬֪Ƕʱжʹ𣿡ӥ
ڲɱˣһʵͬȻ
ӥһһۣ˵ʥħѧԺҶ֪ˡܹҸףǡ
һüͷܹҸǼװ֪ϻżǵ̬չ޿ɱֱӳͻʱָôԣ
ףܹҸ𣿡һͳ
ӥɲʱתϣ㻹뿪ǰɡߵԽԶԽãЩ㻹ǱΪá
뿪뿪Ͳҵ뿪𣿡һ˵
ҡӥһ͡
һʱ˳Ĭ֮Уӥܹѹλ̫֮λԷǵ֮м壬ʹɭϣӹûûǲܳģʱǳһʹٰᣬСʱѾ޷ˣȻӼ߰ߡͦһʣ£˳װ˹ذ˵һȻеڶΣرһ͵ﵽȥʱٷˣһʱʼĵ׽˵ܵܡ
Ĳ뿪ֻҪ뿪۹ҿԱ֤İȫӥ̲סȰ˵
һһ뿪ģԲڡһҡҡͷעӥû뵽ҲôһѣΪ̫ӵӥô˵Ѿ御ˡǵңһӥؼˡ
ӥַһļϣ±ҲȻȻɢһϣҲգ浽һҲġ
˴˱˴ˣ̫ӵҲҪСĲźáһõӥ˵Ŀӡ
ϼݵʱһ˹
ӥһļģתԶٰȥڴǰԼļ˿ҲѸ뿪
һӥ¹ӡڵϵӰӣ΢΢¶һֵЦݣ૵û뵽߻˸֣統Ի
һȺ֮УսһеĽպýʱѾʽʼ
òԲ۱ߵشһŮ㴩ŰƼȡ
۹Ĺ͢ᵹһԭǸĹŴ۹һôϽǺɵģòŹ˼ɻʵۡ
һүĴĵطСүһ˲ϹܻܿжܰȻҲٲ˱üı籱졣
Ϲܿ붫ܰȻһǣһǲȥ˼ҵƨɡ
˵ŶΪһЦһʮ׵ѩˣ´ΪһЦվƱ
һ죬˵üҵĴүһֱھ£Цô̫ϰ


242 ͢ҹ3


һ뱱һ£ȴǲͣתŸͷüΪĴ֮ĩƽʱһֱ̬һ򱣳һݾ룬üĺҲûʲôбǸǳ°ˣôתˣ
һеɻⱭƣתͷ΢΢ԶһĴԡʱһıü۱ȵĸŭ˵̬ǰǴġ
ĪǡĪǱüżϣͬˣһĹ۲һ»ʵսɫɱ˵Ŀʱʱۣ϶˲²⡣
˼ƽϣһʼ뱱̸һĹǽƵġ
αһмֹһĶ䡣
쵱ЩΣЦתݺݵߵñһۣȴ۾ҲգصȻسŲˣƺղŵֹǳ֮һ㡣
һٺЦЦ˵ĵǴʵȷα͸
Сò£Ŷ֡Ǹ˵
޷СԸϲһٺЦ
һԡƺЩջ𣬵ҲֻһţתָֻһĮȻǱĿһ£¶һ˿ĪЦ⡣
һҡҡͷⱱôСǸˣȴƫƫÿһľͷƨһͣѧ
ʱܰһվƿӾȥϹܿ״Ҳܰ׷ȥ
ѾͷʲôʱôҪˣɫҲ֪ʲôһüǰ컹࣬ôõøһƵġǸ㲻ŮЩʲô
ϹܿŶܰ첽԰֮УǸܰʲôЭ飬֮ôҲ˵ֻ̫öܰܿԼһͬһˡ
û°ɡϹܿʵ
ܰҡҡͷԼࡣﴫһ󾾽۸УѾ磬ԼĺúһԼĸ顣Ա˵ػܵҪֻֿԼһ˵뷨ֻһռôʲôأ
Ϲܿңʲôǰѵһ˾ͱŮమҪռһľǴռ𣿡ܰЩʹʵ
ϹֲܿǰרңΪһŮˣҲеİӣߴ˧װȫһŮôӦ޿ɺƵİɡϹܿͻȻﷳҲֲΪƺѾˡ
ֻ͢ǹ͢һ֣ͷϷȴ֮ǱزٵһĿһСʱħŮСϲһĿˡʱعӿеСһĳܵĽۿСĻǻͬ⣬ǻЩʲôͲö֪ˡ֮ĸˣݣһЩүˣСȴǻϲسϡ
һѣĿ̻ըʱһȴɵһȽƫƧĶϣвõ̻ħ̻ǰ̻Ҫÿö࣬ʱּ̾öȾȴ֪Ѿ˶ŮҲһЩʹϵġ
ۿ̫һɣҲԣţˡ濴е̻һͻȻԶһ󽿴ǲͷȥͼƫµһŴ£һԹŮȲ֮¡ֻŮ⣬¶һ˶鷿ؿȴȫ£ôŴһһ״˵ļϣڿٵس鶯ţǲ
һȤع۲ţֱ̾õĵطǻʹĪһЩصĵطҲòȥɡڽǶȵ⣬һ˵Ŀ˵Ľϵĵطһ
ʱһͻȻע⵽һ⣬ȻŮ˵òŮĳ̶Բʮ߰ŮӦʮҵ츾ѵѰ̼Ұսĸ˳͵飿
һôţͻ̽Ѱɨ˹
һһ裬֪оԱ߻ʶϵϢԼڹϵһ͹֮󡣵Ů߳ܿǵĿ
еԹܵͦǿģٶȵĳ鶯ʮӾ۷粻ʱŮȫɸһ㶶ͿҪﵽˡ
һȫעʱһӰȻƫһߣҲһĺ棬һǰһɫĴϷ
𣿡һͫһ֪ŮôҲˡ
̧ͷ˿Ӱ͸һֹ¼š뵽һոյ֮У;ǰӰһԼ§һŨζĻȻ֮¾УȴһȻһԭ˵һֻӥצһסĺһԼغͻ÷顣
סȻһôĿҪ¶ˣָᷢʲôɱڵأȻһ£ɲݾߡ뿴˭͵顣
һűϢط˸ղŶصصطİӼѹ˱ϡһɵŮһıǼ䡣
㲻͹ԹԱȻҪÿһڱض촽شĶ
һһ˵סԼд󾪣һʱ仹ΪԼ֮Ҫһ䣬ƺˡҲѰŮӡҲǸŸ׺͸ھ־Ҫᶨöࡣ
ʼԶӵĴϢ΢΢ͷʾԼ֪ˣ̾úһ㣬Ĵȴĩ뿪ĺǲ̫
һ̽ͷ棬ҲԴȥǰζʱ࣬ؿ˴ֳŮë޵˽֮ȫȵԹŮҲȻΪʲô£ԭǶ￴ԹŮҰϣŤҪ
𶯣Ұ͹һ㡣һҧסĶһͿջiģôһǻԲʵβСֵһĥ˻ѧӦ
һͣоԼηмǻȵļӲ֮ʱһŵòٶˡ
ʱ͵Ĺһִﵽһθ߳ȴȻ۷粻˵ӹڳתһſڴϣ˽֮¶ɡվڹ󸾵ͦǹ붴§סֶ
ʽһ˶ǳϲһ԰ƣһҲ⣬ΪܲһǿҵСµĻٸоԼסͦβһаɲʱܶͦСֵѹ˱ηУŮ֮ء
ĵҪ
һ̣ôͣסľ¶סĴ½󣬳Ƿȥ
˫۱أһ֡ҲһˣǻȻҲ鶯ˣȴڣֻƽʱҪࡣӵĳٸо˽ǻĸоһĴӿ˳ʪ͸ˡ
糱ĿñķԽԽǰһһֻס˵ﷺһˮеĸоҲԼԼԳܣȻ˷ҲСľ£ȴÿԽԽǿңβȻӭһͦҪһ֮
˵ĳ鶯ԽԽ죬һҲʼˣɿ˱ӿĿҪûİĸо־壬ȴõӭȫоһĸоСлۣԽԽ࣬ϾҪˡ
͵Ĺ˵ҳ鶯ȫ̱Ҳѵ˼ޣһ³֮½ѹϲͣش
ʱҲ͵һͷݺһҧһ½ֱֵϣȫһɹҺȫʪ͸ˣĵһθ߳·ˡ
һȥֱϵαݺݵҧֱۣűайȫѹ֪Լʲô££ܹסľͲˡ
ʱ´Ŵ˷ſ˹󸾣ǹʧȥ֧ţһ㻬ڵϡһ仰Ҳ˵תȥʱһѣõ̻ӡճ˵ò
Ȼһһ˭أɫ任˳˼֮С


243 ҵ


һû뵽ǸҰϵ˾Ȼ̫ӥ֪ӥȻ飬ҪǳߣӲз֣֮ĪƷλ½ˣ
ղӥ̫ӵͷһͨһһûϳֱʱϳݡ
ã̱µĹ󸾻ָһЩվæҵؽѴã÷ƵȻ󼱴Ҵҵشƫ˳ȥʱһеıرĿᣬԼԹ԰ľ֮У˲ĩҰϵȥҲɴûм˵Ŀ
һȴˣʱüһأû뵽Ӯ͵Ĺ󸾾Ȼǵ۹·󽫾ҹ޷ķˣҲ׶ߵĽϽļλ֮һ
ԽԽˣӥǼʳĿĵ֣ҹΪãżӪҹҿҪһˡ߼ҹ޷Ӧǲ֪Լķ˺ӳǽġҹ޷ΪżӪĺ֪ٵĻܣڵҹ޷͸¶͸¶˶ٸķ֪ҹ޷潫еĻܸҹżѾǱƵµıϣֻҪսһôٲˡ
ʱеıʼҵó˼еһѹ
һʱŷ֣Լֶһͷ۵⣬˰°˼ĶʱޱŮ˸ô찡
һеرתʹԼеĺ衣ȥϵۣǸԲôƯĿƲס
ֹֻͣȻú۾βſң
һʮֲˬȻԼԣԼʱֹ˵ͱӥصĸָˡЦһĻֺõȥղ˵ûʪ͸Ŀνͣղŵĸ߳ѵǼٵأ
һݶҪ´ҧѪ˿ɫһƬҰסߺ޵ɫһƬĮȻҲ±úޱ飬Ψй¶ʱӵ顣
һһЩӣ벻ɣڵ˵̫ˣղҲԣǧ򡭡
һƿһġҲɱģΪ˲ֵҾ͵ҧһڡ˵꣬£ʧҹɫ֮УѤõ̻ųĹ֮ҲĻ
һɫվΣʼҡͷԳЦһүүģŮ˵ػҲĩ̫˰ɣ˵ʲôҧһڣѵҧһҲҧ߳ߡ
һǼһƬڿ㣬صſԲУʱȺһΧһȦŻʵսս»̫ӷӥһٿĵȺҹˣϻһ˿߳ĺΣָֻһĶׯ߹֮ɫ
ֱһαװûô£ôһֹţ¶һ˿ζ΢Ц
һ߹ȥŭһк˵ԼȥǱߵĶȥ
ոȥˣûӰӡӹʵ
ŶĴתһ£ûȥġһ
ҿܿܰ˴һôҲǡԹ
һٺٸЦŮ˶ǵģɲܡ
õȥ˰ɡԱߵҹ˿Ц
Ļأףҹ̣ҷƯ˺ܶడֱ͸һʮСһһЦ
ǰոҾôأһĹþݹ˰ǲǡϸһˣЦųҹ޷ķһۡ
ҹһȣнһϻָǵģôܵźӵȡЦء
һٺһЦﻹʲôС𣿵Ƕǲ¶ˣǶ˶ѡ
ЦһĶ䣬ЦСӣʲôȻ֪ʲôֻģ۶ӶǽǵС
ףҿɫҲǳԲҹ̡һٺЦ
һ㶣ʼӦһȻָҹһǱġֳסһ䣬ЦСӣŲ׽͸
Ӵ䶼ˡһĵ
۴еһȻװģˣɿ֣ذࡣ
ллףڶԶƯġһɢĸԵضĽڶһ¡ȥˡ
㣬ÿĽǵĸ֮鰡ҹЩȻҹ޷޶ꡣȴһֱһֱìͷ׼˵ҹ޺Ĵ˵ƶʣ׼ҹ޷檡˭֪ĿأЩ׵ĽҲܸߡʵǿ彡׳ҹ޷˵ǲжٴڼįҹļ尾Щ޷ܵġźؾΪһŮȴĸ׵Ȩÿű˴źӣﶼޱʹࡣ
ǲ֪ҹ˵飬ΪΪԼʹ࣬˲ĩ¶ɫƮƮת˻⡣
һȺȥͻȻЩݷˣǱãͬѵĸǲһĵŮ޷ᵽء籱Ȼй޾Ҳϵǰ
磬ȵȡһҪӽɭϵĹʱһȴӺ洫
һתܰٳ߷˹Ϲܿȴߡ
ôԸˣһЦѾͷҲ̫ӣĿ֮¾Ȼɫʮֲˬ
ܰһǰһ˫۾Щӵض
ңһüʵ
ղŷħʱȥˣҵ㶼ûҵܰʵЩɬ
һĩش𣬶ֵܰǲ뱱һ𣬸ղҼǱ߿ޡ
ڿ޾Ǹһ𣿾ͷǵҽŪ޵𣿡һЦõʵȻ¶ˡ
ֱҵֱң㣬û˭бñôСᡣܰһǳ϶˵
ֱŮֱҲĩ̫˰ɣһ롣
߽ܰһ񵱳һֱ۱ڻ૵磬ΪʲôҪôأΪʲôأ
һЦѣ˵Ӹ԰ɣȨϵе㱾µĸ檣רһ˵˰۹Ī塣
ܰôƯʥŮݣ˶ŶӵҪǾͻֻ̤һˡǱĲʺ㣬ѾװŮӣÿһǱӣûҪġһִֵıãʵڲĸӺζСʱһӢ۾
ܰƴҡͷǴⲻˣ뿴Լ׷ǲµĭһΣ뵽ԺҲűŮȣľһ˺ʹ
ԣ㻹ϲֻСʱڵҡһֻ̾ǿǶѣȴͻˡ
ҲףҾǲףǰڵ𣿡ܰŽţﷺˮ
СʱѾˣĿеĴӢۣһͷβĻһжѾˡһ
ǵģԶӢۣҲܱô˵ܱôҾҪ޸㡣ܰƴһֱۡ
ԸŮ˹ͬӵңһ̾һ
ܰһͻȻһһֱһҧ
һʹһҧİ벻ΪʲôŮ˾ôҧأϹܿ˻ҧղŻݺҧһڣֱܰҧϱʲô
ʹ𣿡̧ܰ۵ʵ
˵أһû
ҧˡܰӣ¶һѩ޳ֱۡ
ҪҧҲҪҧĵطһЦã̲סڵϷһ䣬۾ɨ˶ܰúķز
ܰһɫۣĻ֪ͷŭֳ֮һֱҧһڡҧ֮ˣһȥͻȻֱӡɫһ䣬ֻҧڣӡ
˭ҧģ˭ָܰһֱϲͬ״ĳӡѴ˿
ǡһһʱҲ֪ôش
磬󻵵ҵģҵģ۾ҵģҲҵģҵģЦҲҵģҲ׼㣬ءֱܰţǱߵĺӣʹرסһֱš


244 SS񡪡


ܰôһ֣ǵòԶ׷׿׷˹һ˵ûУŶʼˡ
˵ûùӳԡһײײ̱ͣȻ֪żȨƣҪɱһʹ͸һֻϲࡣ
һ̸ûȥܣεؿűԼˣĶֺֺܰЦͻһ
ñãˣȥһҪƿܰȴҲ֡
ȥͲȥֱܰһϲ
ˣˡһ
ܰһ̧һűŪίһ
һ̾һɴȥϵۼ
ʱܰͻȻץסһ֣˼ľ˵磬ҡҲֻһϹܿټ˿㣬Ů˺òãһԹĻ
һŶ֪ܰ˼òǡŮҪʮָͷаҡҡͷܰʵɣӵеŮ˾ͲֹˣΪѱѵԸñΪһıҵˣ˲һֱʹ޵𣿡
ܰһƿһҲܡܿ˿̽㣬㲻׼ұŮˡ
һһƣҲôˣͺȵܰ㹻ˣĸ㣬ҾҵŮˣҰǣֻ㵱ã𣿡
ܰҧҧͻȻҺ㣬Ҳˡ˵֮ƯѸٵʧҹɫ֮С
һ³ҡҡͷ𲽾Ҫȥ
㻹ȥ׷Ϲ֪ܿ˳ܹеضһ
һɡҪʱ䡣һʼ֪Ϲܿһ͵ˡ
ͲΣգϹܷܿɡ׷ȥˡ
һħʦһѵķµġһҲûٺ˵ˣһʧǰ
쵰ϹܿߵһʧıӰ
һճʹС໹ţȺ
үôͳ˰Сһ۾һ˿ϲá˵
ţûʲô˼ͳˣôܹˡһʵǾʹڼġ
С˵ϴʲôǲ˵Ҫȡţ˵һվһ
һЦСԴСͨͨģϵСϡ
ллүС͸˫һâ̱
ϴȥȥ𣿡ţʵ
һ룬ЦþûȥˣȥҸưֵܺȸʹ졣ȥݷأҹ˵ݷѾ˯ˣ˵붫ܰķúܣķҪˡ
ưַ࣬ĽУľҲֵġǵֱҹΪеһ֣ưɣһɫǸֹģ¥Ժˣ༴ȾŮ˵ر㵽֬۶Ȼȥˡ
һԲȥ¥Ժǿ¥෴ʱ¥ǰγʱЩߵŮӴЩգһЩͷƸģ¥ǹԱһЩʫ֮ɧ͵ѡ֮ء
һѡһֵð߾ưɣ־ưڲ½жУӶðߵҲǴ̽СϢѵĵطΪأеĸոðջЩҲһǲ
ƹ谵ӵľưɣһɵ˵ʱڹһȥʧ֮ǵΣʱţ¶櫻ġ༸λȴڻçԭ;ˣߺڰħĹǷѳʧ֮أû
һһðյӣһſ
йС㣬һʿĹ٣һּҵľƣǴӶð߾ưɱصһ־ƣ־Щ崼ľƣǺүǵһ־ơΪСһҰ٣һ־Ĵ䷽ζ¶ɫܺÿ
һҾƹθһһӽŵӿٴӺھˬ
ţһһƿЩЩŸɫװӶðߣҲڲ½ôţرǸϴȥʧ֮ǵǴеľ̼һҲġ
ϴɶʱٴţȥðհţʵ
һЦЦţؼлģߵһţǾȥ̽̽˵һܴ̼ġ
ţͬʱ۷⣬һ֮ɫ
ү֪𣿡Сʵ
ڻ֪һһ֪ġһϵͻȻĸԼĶӴͷ֪ħɭôˣ
һ˵֪ţŲɣһ֪࣬һı¡
ʱһǰһһ֡˳ǱΧ˹ȥ
ߣȥմ֡һЦҪһЩ˸ȤĶˡð߾ưɾһΣյð߾ư֪ȡ
һ˴˹ȥֱΧмжˣһĵˣȴһĺƥľ޽ؿڱһö־ŻգһöɫĶ޽Ӷ£ö´ǸӶļɫBӶһﻹһʵһһʮͷȴŮˣһɫŭͻظǵΧ۵ֱʿˮһȵһŻɫĹһ֡
Ů˳øˮƵģȴû˸ҶڻΪʵظϱŵһöɫӶֻ룬ǴĿSӶӶŵų˵ӶţӶ˲֪ȻһӶ
Ӷǲ½ٴAӶǰʮӶţӵһǧԱħʿʹʦӵսϵרBϵɹһSıħȺӶȸ𣬴˺˼AӹӶĵλ
ݸߵĽʦӣʮҾһ˵
Χ̰⽣ʦص˵ͷشҶ֪ǰһʱ½۹ӶϷSSΪʮϽҡ
ϻ˭֪񰡡Χ۵Ӷ
SSһȤüҪ֪½ѾʮûзSRˣƽʱSSҲǷǳټģû뵽ھһSS
˭˵𣿡һͷʵ
ү֪ǰʱ۹ԶҶһƬԭʼɭ﷢һʮ׸ߵʯͷдĸĴ֡ʮ˽ȥû׾ͱʮĸһ˳Ϣɢ˳˵
УҶƫԶɽһֱôһĵط˵ĳطһӣõ˱ʩźͿһ׵ħǲ֪ǲġС
һ˼ŵͷԼҲ׵ϵħǿ飬ǲǾͻͻͽ˵ʶеɫ׵ħԪҲҪħˡ
ʱǽʦֿˣһӶűˡͬʱĻʮAӶţԼSӶţȻԲĵͼӶšǸ˲أӶ΢ˣҲ˶ֵܽá
˵ϻˣ˵˵ʲôɡΧ۵˵
ãȻȲҪҾͽɣӶһǧȻзʦ֮ʩųһǿ硣ϧĽ飬Ϊ֪п񱩵硣ӶһȥǰֱʬҰǸҰ룬һǧ˽һҲʮ׳˶˵ȥײ׵ǵ˸ոսȥһ㵱ͷҺųӢʱûŽ飬ҺҲû˵ˡкĽʦ渵
ؽʦһȷʵ˵ÿĭɣȴֱ侳֮С
ԭӶǧ˶ýǿħ˽ȥ׵ӿб£ǧ֮ڽϾҪŲסʱ׵繥ͻȻֹͣˡǰһƬޱ޼ʵĻʮƯųȴҵģƯĴħʦɵв̽һ¡ȴħʦշ˰ףͻȻһͷ˻Ҳû
Ūһʱֲľʹȥ취ʱͻȻһ紵곯Ʈ˹ĸɫʵ̫ˣ˶λðسУϣһŵĻôȥ
ʶЩжſһĽ磬ֹסӣһٶЩԶ
ʱе˶ΪƬֻһƬɢֻҪֹķסӦþͻûµġ
ǸˣƬĻֻһ˶ſ̽·ҲΪĽӶŲűȫûĺʱǸ˶׶ûһ£ҪȫŸʱͻͻȻƵأס˶ӣеؿŶѵѸٱøɿݣһ߾Ƥǵĸʬ˻֮УӵˣӶһغڱ۽
ۣô̬ĵط˭ܳùȥΧ֮õľ׷׸̾
ʲôѵģħʦƮϷ粻ͿԳȥˡ˵
һЦҡҡͷһҲ̫˰ɣħʦǿƮ˹ȥҲ۴ħʦħ˷ɹƬ˵ޱ޼ʵĻԣһӶжٴħʦһһܴȥء
ﾪؿ˿һЦλСֵ˵ûħʦ㲻Ưֻܷ·ҪͣЪϢһ£Ƭһ۶ͷʮ϶еġ
ôһ·ûб·ߣһʵ
һµ׵ǰһʮ׵ͨͨǰǻˡ
ô׵жأߵӦֱ߰ɡһٴʵ
׵кܴߵҲֱߣ㵹¶ˡЦ
ҾǵĽܹټǿһЩȫбͨҾͲֻôһ·һЦÿ϶·ߵģֻôһ·
۾һƿӳһ˹ŭͻظôһֱϣЦСֵܹȻýȻʣ֪ôƺ
һȻҲɽһٺЦƿӱСתȥ
ɻضһıӰ૵̫Ǹǽӵܰ
ʱһȻת¶һЦλ㣬ҵСֵܿɲС˵Ц߳ð߾ưɡ
ҴˡȻ૵


245 ¥


߳ð߾ưɣһţһ˫ţֱЩ̻֮ɨȥɴȤôӣȥһ棿
ȻǣţֻǺ档ţǺڲ½ôã֪Ѱֵĵط۲һŮӾ൱࿴Ůӣǿۡ
ʲôһٺЦʡ
ʲôģûȥţʵ˵¥֮Ķûеģûʶء
һЦʵȻô棬ǰʹûȥ𣿡
ȥ˳˵ӴˡţţǷ޷޲ƽ
һһתתͷ࣬Цʣ࣬ûнȥ
үûС൭
벻ȥһʵ
үȥģȥġûشһ⣬ô˵
һЦļ֪һˣȥֵطģԼȥ϶
һתͷһɨӣһħŵķۺƣд¥֡ٺһЦ˴󲽳ȥ
¥һ¥Ůòս֮ѡرȴз糾֮ҼʶЩʫ˲ǷӿǵȻġ
һ߽¥شţɣӭӣһһ㶣̱ЦӴⲻү𣿿뽲
ٷϻӭӡһŵ¥ϰ
ȥȥүڴԺƬ̡ɣתСŽ˺Ժ
һһ˷ǳעĿ˵һһһᣬţС¥ȴĿڲ½Ȼӣ¥ԸӴǡŮԺĲûУһ㶼ǰװģôĵظĵټرСԸһ֮ûдˣһ˫͸˫Եʮֹ졣
Ŷ˲֪˲ûȻ˲۾ˡȵѬѬĻӼС㣬̴̵ܹϷҪСȥǺȾƣţһһСһ
ǵݣǵͷ߱ǵСJJȻӳȥһ
ţӦһֻһģǵݶҽͷ˼Σ˵壬˴ҵؽɳ˴šһʱޱȵĴѻȸͷȾƳԲˣҿ˭ôšһ̵Ա߽Ӵˡ
С㣬Ŷ٣Ҳ˵ù˭ƫƫȥɷ񡣡Աߵ
ʱһʮ꣬ʵŵŮ˴ӺԺ˳¥ϰȣͲһڷ糾Ůˡ
үūɡһЦһ¥
һǳεغһһƨתͷܣЦİȫʩĲ
¥İȫʩһ򶼺ܺã˿ͲŻĵ氡Ц
ܺãִҾ˰ɡһٺЦ
ɫһ䣬ˮɲʱһұߵǽڣϢػ˿ʮֱµŮЩŵ
Ʈѩ˭׼Խȥ͵ģ¸ǸȻ䣬ȴڸŮ¡
ƮѩŮæ߳˵һһǰЩ101ţ102Ųμ𷣡
һȴǲɫشλŮϵݱ¥ͷƣȴż鱨
飬ȴһִϡ
ǵҲɣǶһбϵ˵ոմŮпһ˿м벻
²ҡƮѩ
ңǼȻ͸֪涨ĺ˵˵˽̸ܵĸôһ̧۾һĺ
˽̸ܵģٴһҧŭ鱨ĵڶСͷĿ
ƮѩһǴСĹ¶ѵȥſʼ鱨ռϵ¥ͷƣǿν⣬ٹһǧаټƽʱǵŮһţЩԵƢ
ŮλǺܿģǲ׼ΪʲôҪѡǵ죬Ȼ֪λʵǰ߲٣ǰΪ˻ǲмΪʵٸҲı䲻аıʡ
ĹǰɣͶĽʼðһӢˣ޶ģ̇涵ۣһǰ½󲻾ػһЩ¶ѩ˱ظ
ǰ֮ʧԭ¡Ʈѩһֵ̲ӣƮ
һ⣬ŹڵϵŮ̾һԼƽ̫ˣû뵽ڵǣʱ򻹶ⲻ֪ѷǵƾǿƼ񣬾κ˶ῴ
һЦˣЦúܲúᣬߵŮǰȻֹסǽ׵°͡
ŮлϲΪЧˣȻᱻᱡֻҪס˲ͿԱס
һĦŮ°ͣЦ֪ʲôıǱ˶˵Ҹôأһ˵ЦݣɱŮϢ
񣬽˴ȥϴɾӣȻͿϷ۰һЩëëǹһ𡣡һ˵
Ʈѩһôһ˵ŵɫԸҲҪĥëȻ
ɵһ֪˵ĻǿЦ
ҵĻûѵҪ˵ڶ飿һӹɵı
һѵǣ֣߽һִŮƮѩȥ
ҡҧҧ˵Щʲôȴһαһִϡ
֪˵ʲôҲˣĹػظ𣿡һ
Ҫһ£̻µ۹ʥŮ˿̵ûУһʵ
Ѿ̽˿ʥŮʮǰڹǣֲ֪֮٣ȫ׷顣
ǣһ˼صͷȻŵһҪȥ죬˷ϰﺬ̣Ҿеɣȥı


246 ҪҰ


Ʈѩǿѹȥԡһ˿ȫرڴϣ¶ǾϾ壬ʵ飬ĵĹ֣׵ļһǼƷ
ŮɫҰףһľ֣ɫжôǵɫټЧأŭ
ɣҺ°Ʈѩɪɪ˵
ģôƢĹ֯ﶼҲɫؿҲȲˡ
̫ˣˣ۵㡣Ʈѩڲʮɭϣĳ谮˽֮ģ
Ҳڲʸû˶һ֮ģеֻǾη
ʱһִŮ˽żӣ滹жڶƮѩ˹ȥ
101ţ102Ŵ֯أִַгΡһŮ˵ȻһƣŮͰ۽Ůϣɢһɹ˿˿ζ
򿪴ӣ˳ȥŮŵ
ʱλŮӷڵϣȻɿڡ˳ȥһŹˡ
֨֨֨һȺӴ볤ªĳӡ
ŵ˷ζǵصĳŴӿ˹ȥƮѩСͷһŵ˹ȥ
һԡԡУڵԡұʲ塣˿ȴȫ˿Ӱ֪ʮǰڱߵĹǣܵȥһֱڶй̻ıӻҵˡ
˿̰˿̣һξͶˣ㻹Ҫҵʲôʱ򰡡һ̾黺һҪȥһĪˡ֪Ӻò˵
ʱԡҵűˣС𣺡үҪĵĺͺˡ
ţýɡһȻ۾
СƿţһӭһǽʵܱװĺͺƵӷԡرߡתҪȥ
СҲɡһڵ
Сһ𣬻ɲʱȡҲҪѪ΢ŵӦһò½ϵ
䣬Сȫֻʣ˿㣬㻺ˮʱһתſ˳رߣֱ
СëزһؽʵıĽӴ紥һĸо
һһţһĸӽСһ㣬ǰء
СҵӦһһ
ţſ졣һһ㷴ֵݵ
СһЦչͷҧסһݹظ㣬ֻζĶһֱ
С˵¥ѾͷڱҧʲôˣһЦʵ
СһЦŵùǺɣԺǿҪˡ
ѵ㲻Ϊҧ𣿡һٺЦ
ȻԣүûȥҧǡСЦ
ŶԼãһü
үôĵˣֻ̫ˣûзԵү˵ëëС֪Сү϶ŻˡС˵
ۣôѵװòɱ𣿡һЦ
ǣֻүѪϵоүȻɱȴûССЦ
һ΢΢һЦоСŮԽԽˡ
СһıֲͻȻͣүСǰɡ
ŶáһӦһһת۾һСǱˮ͸˿£⴩˸ûˣŷۺСӣҶɼ
Ѿͷʲôʱ˷Ȥ£һ૵
СһǽʵؼԼ˶СһߵԺ˶ݵĿհסëһ׳ţͦεظһֱۡ
һֲʥˣ෴ܺɫСһ̿ʼӦ
ѽүСȻụ̂ڲ
һùСеëСһ棬Сȥɡ
С͸˫ԡվȴȷʱһϣ̵Ҫ
үҪСɡСһľѴ


247 ѡ


һһСζǽĽеʼʡԥһ£ͷסС˫һֻԴֱسȥǰСƬһú谭ر˳
үҡСţһȵӦţһ
һվСĵĶˣѽҰһ޷ЪֹСԡرϵʯϣͷסһŷۺ٣оԼͦСЩܵع۱һԴʹǰ
ڣСһ߲һȥȫسһǰһЩȵضС壬ѾͷһƬݲǲ԰ϴԼʱ򿴹ģеëģôûˣѵˣ
СоһȵĿͣ˵ĵطؼн˫ȣ˿˿Ĵ¶СϪʳ
ëëءһС¸ḧʵָзǳ壬ƺԭӦ˵ġ
СۣһöȵϹƳˣҲ֪Լûˡǲѿ
ѿүϲһЦֲСȼ俪ʼ
һĹСЩˡȲͣźϺϣ̲ɵ͸˫ػү
һҲѵ˼ޣѹСϣסСŢ˽
һغӰԡҵһ۳ΣصһˣĺƮƺЩԥ
ʱСһѳɹͻȻǲıĤС˫ӯӯỨҸһ˿˵ź
𣿡һȥСϵˮʵ
СͷҡҡͷצƵزסһһ뻻ƣСȴϡҪһſϣүСϲһΣ´үôôһСϿʼȴûзؽϴɫĹâ֡
Ӱ̾һֻԼõǲ̫˽ˣٴο˿ԡرߵˣΪһĺһġ
⽥ŨѪһϵõ
һ۾˿ڳ˯Դ΢ЦСЦЦشһǣҲԼŮˡ
һѡӣȥӪ׼ҪʲôСһУСΪ¸ˣһҲ̾Ϣһ
һŵس˷䣬ʱţԺˡ
߰ɣǸȥѡһЦ
ðСôûţʵ
ˣ˯һɡһ
ϴô֪СˣţɵɵʵԱߵ΢ɲһ˿Ц⣬һŵسµʲôˡ
ͷţôһţһڣ߳Ÿ
С۾ط˿ưɢһ˵ôãСֱ˫һֵƣڷﲼһ͸Ľ硣һڵĻ϶һСĽǿȾԲµĳǿ硣
СŻɬ۴һ͵ɫâȻ󻺻ƣţһɫӴƮ˳ڰвϵתȦ
Сӵſеӣ͸˫ͻȻˮ૵ʦСҪʧˣСƲסԼġ˵꣬Сҧҧ˫ּӣһȦɫĹΣصķС
ȻСָſеһϵâһһӣɲʱתøӿ٣ͻȻһ΢ǹйƮڷϿգͬһСһ㡣
Сͷ촽ϵԽԽ죬͸˫âתҲ֪˶ãСȫһ𣬷ǹ׷һһСһжƽʱСѽһ̱˴ϡ
һ˸˵ӡԼƫӡһڳ˽֮ľѡһǧıΪ¡
ʱŭȴŸһصķڣһֽ鱨Ƕģдҹ޷ҹ̫ӥȾһ¡
սǺֶΰȻƫ棬ЩŵļҪȫһˣҹҡŭһҹżĹҹ޷ĸҹ޷Բᱳֻǳ谮ӣ϶ûз֮ģ֪Ļûб֪ջˮ
ŭʱ㶯ҹˣҪȻҪݾˣս˼ƣҺβƾͼƣŪЩ鱨Ūǣ󵽵¹˭֡
ϴȥѡ·ϣţʵ
һٺһЦȥڱüǽǣӥͻŶսƵģ̫󣬻ȥüƵŪһǧ˹
ŵĹģ༸˵ѷɫ٣ս˵Ҳ̫ߣ˵һӪžодŶңüǲϷ˵ġȨĸûбƨǣüӦúֻϲһЩ
פǵЧдƬɭָɽѵʿľѳ
ЩţһһţԶӪЩɢŵıӪ޷ȡ
һȴüͷɱ۵ĶӱһǳϽˣ佫֪ŵսǿҲɢңô湦Ҫúÿһ㣬ô˲أ
һʾ̤Ӫʱ¶һ˿Ц⣬Ըоطһİڣڽһ״໥ӦϵЩԻ˵
żӭˬʵЦŶ٣ּˡ߼춼ЩֵԼҾųƽʱЦģ͸һƵġ
֣СܵӦѾ֪˰ɡһЦŵ
ЦȻѡΪǺ޶
ֹȻֵܣСܾͲˣ˵ŵӪޱȣ֪ɷһֱ˵
ЦһСӵҪãһڱҪıЦӪЩСӸǴͷܲụ̀ܽΪֽ㡣


248 ս


ͷûϵҲ֪ϲʰľǴͷˣĸͷҲǹԵĸֻèƵġһٺЦ֪϶ͬģͬͬ⣬˵
Цѣ˵ү᲻øʵǼҸӪʿһҲٵġ
һ˱ۣҲ˷ѿˮˣǵȲ̸СܲιһΣ
뼸λһھӪתʱ峿ʱ֣ʿڳ١һҲΪӪӪħʦӪϸΪϸΪװװ
һڲתһȦЩʿıֻйо࣬ͻҲ
֣ôûŵӪһɻʵ
ŶģӪѵһʿһѵЦ
һ֪ģСȥ۽硣һЦ뿴Ӫһ񷨡
쵹ûƴǣǣƥսҪһȥӪѵĵط
һǬŲƵٶȱսҪNܵÿ졣˼Ҹϰֻøˡ
սҲܵͦ죬ûһһɽ֮УԶԶƳ캰ɱԼħ
һȱ˵սϷһ̰˽ȥٶñԼߵؼ쿴Ŀɿڴ
һɽϿգɽʿڶսӦϰʱѽβŰ׼׵һźڼ׵һɱ仨ˮħʦϵˮ֮Уֻսڴͳ֮˵Ҳмֱ£˼·һػǱʵġ
ʱβı켸ѳɽ֮УһҲƮȻء
ñеʿְ׷ڷȫѸټϣٲϰصˡ
һȫڰɫ֮ڵĽ׵ս˹ոհ׷ʿƵġ
⽫ӯش۾ɨӵһ˺һ£Ȼű칪ӣ±μų֪ųǰкҪ£
𣡡һŵϤɾ
ЦСãӪ죬ҪӪߣСõһͲӦ
ʱһѽͷ£¶һǧĵصİɫסһζ˫Ŀһ뽫ҵӪߣŶûС
û뵽С㾹ǽӢƣҺ˵ģ㴩׿ɱ촩˳۶ˡһٺһЦأԲ⡣
һͣͻȻ˵һĻƶʱ˼֣ɫ任䣬ָĮȻ
˵ʲôӪһҲߡ۾һϷʵûһͬͻӼ飬ǰѾˡ
һٺЦЦӪɳƵһС;ˣȻ䱸˸֣ħʦˡһҲһҪӪ˵µʱһ֧սӪľӣħʦȴеѸ㣬ΪԶʱѵǿħʦְҵȴǿġ
˵һҪأϿлʵ۱µּģĪҪּһЦ뱱á
ɫһǱüԱĹôΌּأ˵ȨѡҲиŸϣҲӦ˳Ӫ֮ǿּ浽Ҳûõġ
һﵱȻֻҪ첻Ϸˣ浽ȥҲûãٺЦҵȻֻ֪ǿӪôĲһʲôѾͷƬӴ죬Щްˡ
һĮıɲʱɫȴܱ˵УΪһֱĽͬһֻβ͵èһŭҲУҽӵʱ㻹ڴаŮŻ޵ƾʲô˵ҲУ
һűǺı΢΢ҡҡͷŮ˴е츳ģȻҪľˮһ˵ʹʧȥ侲۵úܰ
˵㲻ǲУذ׷ˮƽҪ߳ڷ٣ȴôŽԷ㶨СҲ㶮һмЦ
㡭㡭ָһòѪ
ס侲侲ƽʱ侲ȥˡ
һͻȻ类ˮһͨһѹղű׵𣿴С׾ͽãΪߵһҪƷʾǴ䲻κĶҪ˼·˼⣬ҲٶȽ⡣ЩҲôС־Ϊ½ΪԣۺʱԼǰһĮȻαװԼ
үô˵˼ܶˣҵһ¡ѻָ侲кǿ֮ȴˣҪⲻ֪ߵغӵ֪˵
һٺһЦҵǲߴͽ㼸УֻûвͷҺȤ
ҧҧߵӮˣҿǧӪʿ㡣
棿һüëһЦ
ȻұһԾŶ
ţȻ˵㣬ˣֽŰɡһЦ
ʱȴһλֱۣȵСãǸʲô
硣ûǴȨеءŴ籱졣
̾һɿ֣۾ȴӹһ˿ֵĹâǲЩζС
һûдһŵɫ΢΢ЩɻױǼַԽӪģǸոɫȴ̫Ծһұ֤ԼԲۻ
ţղŲ˵Ű׷ˮƽҪȺڷҴڷ׷˭ҷϡ
һ֣УУԲС
ѵ㲻ңҾ͹ȥﶪۡ𼥷
һɱһĩڣţȴܲ˱Լүһ㳯˹ȥ
ҲǾŮ
࣬ѵСƤȥЩְŲ֪ôļһţþ˰˱𣬸һôãҲ˲٣СƤⷽζʮĹҲѧˡ
쾪ȵһĩֹϷغϾñ羪κˣСñսʿƵˣֵĻᶼûУ⻹ɹΪĺīӦʮȴСҼҾһ㣬ˮϵħ붷һȥħ˫޵̶ʵĩš
һо޽ţҳɼأִɫӾôĶͷŵ㷢ĴҲˣڷưɢ
һߵսҲѾɱ֮վصһ
ٸϴ󣬾ԴţݺݵջþһҲ֪ϧ
ʱӪȴըһ㣬Ǽ˧裬Ļ̵ס׷׳˹һΧסеǹְָǡħʦǸں濪ʼ׼ħ
ĩû뵽һ¾ҶĹ
ع񣬸ղŻΪҪ˵Ĺ£ʱһ΢ЦؿƺһҲںɱڵӪʿΧס
ȫ¡һ֣ҧгݵһ
㵽ױȲȡŵ
Ȱû˵ȡһٺЦ
ղŻ˵Сסŭ
˵УΪԵ̫۸ˡɣ͸˾ˣñΪ۸ŮӡһٺЦ
㡭˵ģһȦߴѹ¿Ҫߵݺݵصһ
û⡣һ˸ָˬشӦ
ⷴñȻѵԲżö˶ˣ䡣
үҪҪٿһ£ɲġĶһҲһŶܶԿӪһ¾군ˡ
ֲõģһӶˡһٺЦ
һȻô˵ˣҲ˵ʲôҲɵȥˣ뿴һôöСõĶ򾫱
ʵһ֪ս˲ȶսʮҪӰ켸ʮҪܳɹӰǱȽ׵ġ
һԺתŸͷ¶һ˿թ΢Ц


249 һǧ


𿴵һϹЦݣвһ裬һֲõԤС˦˦ͷǿѹָоֻˣܶ˶˻ġ
ȥѡ˰ɣ
㲻֪вУһЦŶԱҹ컵һĻҲǽӣЦҲ
һı飬Ĳ֪ӵͷ߻صһۣҧ˵أ
һٺЦţߵ̻Ư𣿡
ʱһܣŭҪ˵Ҿͽͷ
˵ﲻúܡһЦһĶ䣬о΢΢˶˵Ҳǿ̹İɡ
㽫һҧˣضҪɱˣͷתԶʿ˵ˣֻǱҧһڣĻɽȥ˵꣬һ˦ͷӪ
һЦЦתͷ̽Ŀ⣬ʼ˱
ЩɫƵӪʿһ⣬һʼûָЩĵļһܰʲôһһǲҲ䶨ˣԽԽá
һĿһӪƵĺڼʿдţѡЩӪ־ʿǻһЩЧ
㣬㣬㣬ЩˣҳһĴָţܿѡ˶ˡ
ЩƵһһѡûһӡأ˿϶Ӫ׵ˣһ۹ⲻɡԭΪһѡһЩħʦһЩǿľû뵽ȴһЩʿȻЩʿҲǴͨʿѡģӪȴġ
ˡһЦŶԱ
ѡǣ̲ס˵Ҳ֪ԼǷʲô񾭡ʿʲô°Ӧø
õرһָĶʿÿ϶˵
Ȼȥ׼ɣһСʱ֮ʼȻһضʿڿʼҪԷǸʲôǾ͵øʲô𣿡
ס뻮һɽʿְǵʿɲô߰һ֮սǸûĴӮΪʵ̫ˡ
һʿ˶ء
˵үӮ𣿡Χսر߽ţʵ
ȻӮţԥһôʱ䣬һһäĿΡΪǰҲõĽ
һ£һʱ̣ܶȻʶһʵһıǳֱ̬ȣְһˣֻҪүΣͻܲ
ô֪ӮȤʵ
Ϊϴûţţ¶˳ݵɫ
ŶĿҲ֪Щʲô
һתԴŷɫĶӪʿڵ֪𣿡
ʿһ漴ߵصһո˵õıء
ôңѵ˵ղѡʱǵͬ黹˧¶飬ѵ˵̫𣿡һǺٺЦ
ʿսȭͷƽʱӪҲ˿һȺˣƽʱԱΪڶһֵ̭п϶ٲǵʱԭζǿ϶ˣղűȻйˡ
ǣҸղ˵õıҲûһˣǽ˵
ʿɻһƾǵʵںλļһ˵Щʲô
ʵûؼڵ˵̬ȣԼΪԼǾˣԼΪˣͨŬһһͳڶʿĶ߻ص̬ȾһУҪǵıǶ˶µ̬ȡ
ܽӪȻɵӣʿʼζһĻ̬ȾһУĻǴû˵һùƻ˵ĵ÷ǳȷһ
ǸңԸ𣿡һ
Ը⡣ʿ
㣬ûԱ𣿡һȵ
Ը⡣ʿ
ٴ㡣е˶֪һԲ⡣
Ը⣡ضʿϳ̵ںˣֻһпʼʡ
Ӫʿأһ˵ʲôǶٸ̭еʿ˷ܼһ㡣
ȴǷǳ𾪣ΪŵľųǳǶʿʿᵽһߵ㣬һڼӵʱöȵʿǿţеԾΪһﵱ治Сﰡ
ȫ˾òĶʿһЦЦǵܺã̬õʿǻΪǲҪ֪սǿȡʤģҪͬһ㡣
סܵضʿڼ˷֮£һ˵ȻȻյȫˡ
׾ͺáǵĻˣֻҪʤһ̣¾û˸ƲǡһЦŵ
ʿؿһսеرԺЩǵ˵ǰüĸоһ˷ܡ
һǱҲ׼òˣһֵЦݵȥ׼һһЩʯͷ
ʯͷȻһЩ֣ʿʵȥִˡ
һСʱܿȥˣһߵҲһѵʯͷȻЩǱһֽŵʯͷ
ɽȺܴ˫Ű֮ءȻԼоģذܵĵǶģ֪֪ˡսݵطҲΪ֪̽һڸʲôһСǰ̽顣
СӵıñǳɻһʯͷʲôҰɡҲ֪һûʲôΪȥСߵٽһҲûзӦСмֱܵһϣô׿ǣ˾ͽǵ˿Ƥ̧һذʯͷ
ڹŪ飬ĴǣֱӪȥˡӪĲı˵
ü˼һ£ȥ벻һʲôڹŪɣʯͷܵסйµ
ϵħʦӪħӳ֡˵һ
һƬââĹЩǹػ֮ĹϵħԼ˺һ֮ǰùϵħӳ֡
ӪͻħʦںΧ¡˹
Ŵһӣ׼ͼ̵Ӫǧγοʼ棬·˵Ҳֻһ˲飬ٶȴﵽ۷ʱ̡
ƵĴһһʿŵضͷǧ֪ģ˵ˣûϰ˵ڶĲнҲ練ƣɽĳټϷǹװ޷⣬ؾͿ¾øɸɾ
һٺЦԽԽͻȻһʿӡ
ʿһ㶣ôԶľӣǱ
Ҳ̵ģӣɽ֪𣿡һһһʿ
ʿγѣʯͷףصʯͷʮĵϹȦû˷Ӧʿ˲ôֻ֪࣬ĽʯͷǰӣվڸߴۿıŪֱֹһûôİ
Ӫ嵽ֻʣһ·ʱ򣬶ʿǰʯͷҲӹˣܸоǹĵĺ
Ÿʲôܣűȳ⽴һ˵ɫâһ˶ʿ˫ϣһûӰˡ
ʿ㶣ٿ˿Ӫ۴ſʼܣƼһ㣬һգ۾ͱһСڵˣøں󷽹սı𿴵Ŀɿڴ⵽ʲô
ʱӪ̤ЩʯͷΪʤڼò׷ɱǣֻҪ˶ԷĴӪʤˡ
ɾʱıը˶ĤۣɽȶҡűǿһƬƬ˳ֶԵʧ
ãԷթо
ʱѾˣսܵǿҵıըӰ죬Ӿֶ̼ܵʧʼõ߿˵ĿƣʼӣĲ̱䣬һʱ䰧Ұ˶ս̤
޷ŵؿһУ˶ѾˡʵսܹϸĿѵģǷ¶һĵߣҰηȻոյıըǳڶը죬ټ۲Щսܾܲ


250 1


ܵضʿס۵Ķ䣬תźǻҵľ棬Ҳɾˣô֪Щʯͷ˹Ч򵥵ٱڼĵ˻ˣʵš
һƮƮؽڶʿǰ棬ָź󷽵ˣս˶ʤһأΨһأʱǾʤܵĹؼһ˵ָָԴ
ô쵽ģһʿ̲סʵս򣬲һһıȡʤʵ̫ˡ
ܡһٺЦʵ˵ҲֵһᣬֻʯгѹϵϵħԪأþ뿪ֻҪܵ𶯣ľɢȥ׼Ӫʱ䣬ԤȽжʿ˳ȥȫɢȥʯᱬըҲͻᷢ׵ıըǿǿˣַܹϿҲֻһˡ
߰ɣ̧ǵͷȥӭʤĹʵһú󷽵ɧҿʼƽϢʿ˻ȥ
ٿصĲ֫ʱһͻȻЩֻ̣һϰսΪһڶֵöǽĲ⧲±ս̤һĶʿҲĬˡȻƽƲ𣬵ضǵͬ鰡տʼ˷ʧ˴롣
ʱӪʿͷɥĬĬʰŵϵʬǡ
һߵõǰʱûô࣬Ʋ˻ôࣿ
Ʋͼƻ˵ģһǧˣһǧ˾ôԼ˵쵰ûЩɶͷⰡòײġ
һű𣬺ٺЦԸķ䣬û㡣ûָӺõıսǲпģѵĵͬΪӪؽҲǿ㸸׵ŵġ
㡭㡭˵ˣթòָָһ
ˣթٺ٣ˣٸСŮ棬թסΪЩʿȫ㻹ǹԹԻȥĴСɡһһ˭սĲпᡣȻӪһǧͬ飬ȴڣЩǼֲĻ̤Ŀ¾ʿ
ոˣĽֱ޷ܡ
УҪٺȹӲ
ʱˣˡ˾ˡ
ȴӿĴ֣ҧٱһΣˣô
𽫾Ծų㣬׼ٺˣµΪֹȵ
ҧתԱӪӵжȨҿѡΥų
㡭챻µ˵ӪͳȷӵһξܾȨºûкõĽͳ͵þá
ٱһΡȼų裬ľʹ䣬ΪԼСһ㣬Բ
һЦ̫ˣƽĵĮװŮʹе츳Ҳѳɴ䵽һ߲ͬ˵ݺݽѵһΣõһѵԺһ㡣
ҴӦ㣬˾Ͱ㸽ӵϵ㡣һٺЦ
һΪˣҾȦұҧݺݵ
һűһʱҲ֪Ǹ֪ôǸ޴ִš
׼һ°ɣµıĩӡһбЩһӪʿǻȱʿɱ̬ܵ۾ʧʿ
ʰһ飬ߵʿǵǰͻȻеʿ߰˵ұԲңָӲһǧֵܰװȥ
Ӫʿ밧
ϣϣһѩǰܣΪȥֵܱ𡣡ŵ
ϣҪΪȥֵܱ𡣡еʿеı
һĿŮ˻еֶ֪ʤЩʿǵʿ
һûȥٴδʿԼء
ǲǸеΣΪԼɱǡһʵ
ʿͷ
ⲻǣֻǷǵְû˭Ƕ˭֮֡һЩʿӴԺϳص˼
սҪ˵ģǵһ͸Ȼϰսú޼ֵָߵõһѵԺͲ᷸ͬĴҪȻսľͲֹһǧˣ𣿡һ˵
ʿͷһĻĽҲȻȻؽ⿪ˡ
Ҹǲһ½񡣡һŵЩʿɵı顣ЦŵСĵĻӦò˵ġ
һһ˵꣬ʿɵЦȻ£ȾսѵѪĻʼи
ʱڽزãξ䣬ʱڴĴ·˴ΪЩʯͷһڹŪ飬ʱʯͷֹػͲôңһǧʿ
һΣɳСӻ棬˵һǰľͷҲһ㶼ǣöҲҪ
ղıôҲҿ϶һǲڹŪ顣ʵ
ղı˻ԴҲжϣʱһʯͷʱҲΪڹŪ飬ص
ΣǻǽһáղıСǱһˡ
ͷǵıԷٱֻҪΧסǾͺãûҪ͹һЩľͷʲô֮ûټӪʿˣͬһطΣ⻹ò˻
Ǻô󲿶ڿٰԷأֻҪΧסˣͲٷʲô
˽ںصޣҳ̫죬Ҹ̫ħʦ͸ɴӪˡǸոʧܲĺ֢ùͷˡ
ܿ죬ԶԶǰѳһŸ߸ߵľͷɽǿľͷһǵӰ
ǰһС·ԥһ£ǲҿֱ̫ԶԶ߰ȥãӪ˶һԶĴȻطľͷԭֹΧһ棬涼Χܲ͸磬ֱжʮס
ýǸô죿ղıʵ
˼һССԶ룬ΧȦ
ӪӽľͷѣҲøߴսıԼţƣ֪һڸʲôһһʤһ򵥵
ʮףʮףӪӽľѣǰıװźĶơ
Ӫװ߽ľֻʮʱľͻȻζһ£һȫˣԲԲľͷ˷ȥ
ˣ쳷ˡԹһοıæ˵Ӫʿƴˡ
Ӫһξ룬ŷֺûһ㶯һͷľͷЩľͷһ㷴ӦûУű㿴һһűľͷʱϣſɶ΢Ц֣ɲʱױһˣˡ
ŭУͻȻһҪ⣬һǶʿȻ֪٣Щľͷ赲ߵЧжʱ𲻺õԤУȫӪ
ˣ㿴档һٺЦ
תһ߸ҵս쵹ȥӪؾȻԷ֪عˡһľȻսϵֻһͷǱˣ׵ˡ
ӪʿҲȻ˶ܲˣ˶׵شζòףǽŶѵħ
ʱһĶʿѺȫסħʦ˹ͬĻб죬ţࡣ
ϴ̫ˡţ˹һݵһ֪Լϴ˲ġ
үҸףǵһҸеݵˡ״γ˿ȵĳһΪΪˮϵħǿĽϣڣȫȫﵽⶼˡ
ɫӣһıʣ־壬սȭͷԼɱ¶
ˣһ㣬㵽ô쵽ġʧߵһ˫ץסʵ
ܼ򵥣öľͷǵߡһûв֣ʱ飬ЩʧܣӦһ˰ɣ˵˶ζսĲá


251 2


ԭȱʿľͷǵߣĻóԹһοıɹֱӳľͷѵ˿ʱһ㿪ʼϵħϰڵض뱱ĴӪа·ôһضǷʱַһħйױΪĹֵСĺͽ˳ʱ䣬ħй
һԹȥٱĴӪĿҪöʿ֮أͽˣپʿͻȻں޷ħʦӪǰǿ֪һһȫסˡȻеħʦԶħһͿǵˣڶʿ֮ǰþһЩħ棬ЩħʦƷɲһһ׼
˵һֻһ˵ĻøӼķϰսĹܵзҲʤƾٶȣҪڶץסӦòѡ
ˣ𣿡һһ˵꣬ٺЦ
ʼɫҲһƬ԰ףȻĺʲô˵һеλŮӣ㻻κһҲԳܵġ롣˭е˿ڶȦҪߴԼ˵ô࣬ȦҲɡ
䡣䡣һ̱˵ϣԺѱһƬհס
ʱɫ任עСɨأһüߡڣһӪеȫ£ȻŶ٣ұ㣬СõĶԼɷһ
벻ʣҲСˣҲû취һٺЦ
ǲʣֻǽһأСȦҲòʲôҿӪԼЩ²òͷ
һζЦЦͻȻ˱˵ҪǧӪʿʱɫǲŴӦúúÿһ£Ƿʲôè塣ҪȻǵòʧ
һʱ򣬵ϵıͻȻ̧ͷվһһĩļᶨһҧұԸķ䣬ʵģϾȥжԼ
æס𣬴ȵˣ㲻Ҫѵĸ׾ͲҪ𣿡
һۿӿˮ˦ֵҲŵԣϱйüߡǾ͵ŵԺҴ˰ɡ
˵ʲô󾪣һֱ֪СԸǿû뵽˾ǿȻҲΪΥܵãűϾǱüģӲ͹ȥ𣿵ȥֵĻǱüɾͶˡ
һñ˾жӡĹ۲٣ȻЩǣŵԿɲÿ˶ģӦ˵Ǿ󲿷ֵ˲ء
ϴƤҪãţţǸֱˬˣʱԸķҲ
һЩ̣ʱҲֻǸЦûñͶˡȻƺЩ̫ԾϾüżʾãϵֽ˲ĩԸ⿴ġ
ˣ𣬸ղǼҿЦģɱϡһʼ˵
˵ЦҲǣҴӦؾһֵ
һЦѾͷøͷţƵģţҪʤ࣬øھȥǱνɣôС
𻹴˵㱻һ˹ȥ˾ͶлŶˣŵıѡȥһµѾͷ
űѸȥıӰүҪûӪ𣿡
ӪһְɣĴӪһ°͵ĺ
ΪʲôɻʵΪѡȻҪѡġ
ΪҲαü塣һâһЦŵ
ѵүɱüǹӽż壿ྪ
κ޹ʾ߶豣ֽĲ𣿱üһֱż屣־룬ȴһ̬ɲҲɰҾ뿿ŴҲܵġѡѡǺôȴҲһЦ
ʲôȫһ˻СүҲԽԽ㵽߾ѧ˺öණ
֮жжԱüĹˣ㻻ˡҲһǰһüģ⡣һЦ
ѡһЩӱ˵ʣѵҲҪ϶༸ʱ䰡ΪĪؼ̳ˣԴм˽ġ
ٺ٣ӱǱзǳ࣬ѵǿڶʱڳЩνľ񡣡һŵЦ
ڱ֮ǰ¹֪ͨȫŶٵѡһѡе÷ǳ˳
ȣӪĶ˵һǧˣЩӪ̭еѡսȻУӪħʦһûҪħʦھžصĵλųƾӪħʦܸߣԻǽһá
ʣµһǧһרЩոսûõ±ѡʿϱ֮һЩû˲Ҳ˳ǰΪ鳤˵۹ڲͬΪøѧķһ˵ǱħʦһѡʮСȼֻгСħʦЩ˲ʮ꣬Ǳǳģһȫ޳ˡһǧȫЩеӱֻʮĳħʦŵĽȫΪһˡ
һһǧڹʿŵıӪʱѾˡ˺һǧ˽һȫȨ죬ΪеһӪʾͺӪ࣬һȻҪӶɣΪŭŵһԼûȨǡ
ܰԼ䱩Ӷżһ棬֮⼸ͨͨҪĩĶӪУľ٣ҲЧطѡıбü̽ӣܰ˷ܲѣ·Ϊ¾Ĵ󽫾һ㡣
һҴҸϻؼѡҲѡһ죬ƴСذοء
սŸĴͼ׶Сݷĵ˵Ц
ôŻȥѡ𣿷ϰˣԹûһĶͷϵһ£Ȼһȴ͸¶һĹ֮顣
ףѡҲͦ鷳ڻأûиóԵİһ§ŶЦ
ٵȥһȡ谮ת˳йضӵһУ֣֮޾ϸΪһĳɴ˿ɼһߡ
һŶıӰзᣬĩԭҲӵ顣
λӣտǵķһõӲŮм䣬ְԵסǵС
롣Ůһ£˵㿩Ц
Ȼ룬Ҽҷ̺һЦŮҸ
ٲˡŮЦĵŤһ
ͻȻŮһֹͣЦ֣ҲȫȾһĺϼ
ˣϱҪˣ֡ݷһһۣСʵɫצһ¡
СΪ¸ЩҪ
С̧ͷҪҪˡһЦŽСŵʮϡ
ɫŮ뽿ǵһɫĴ󶯡
һ㿴ܣ־Ȼ쵽Ůȼ֮ء
ѽһˣˡݷоһһ̼ʪʱǣʱȴСһˣְֺ֣ޣ᲻ã᲻á
һݷ˽֮ذ˰оʪ֮͸֪ݷ鶯ˣЦųĹ㣬洲Ϸ
ݷС¹ײһʧȥ㿿һϡ
һתͷٵСﻹ𣿡
СҵҡҡͷֵĴóȴƫƫʹһ˿Ǳ˿ˣ᲻ΪƷԲء
һҲִ֪磬±½ַϣЦϺݷһ˯ɣͬߡͬߵĺһ˺ܾˣҪһֱ޷ʵ֣һҪһ˫
Сߵò˵ȴǧϣһ˵һӦġ
ʱһ˽ǹˣݷСɫ룬Ļ֪ԼĺöӸղʲô£Ц۸λˡ
ûУǰǶأĻ۸ǰһٺЦرڰ淢
޵ĳСӣƵ֪𣿡΢΢Ц
ˣһպһ˳ȥЩεغٺɵЦţôҲû뵽׻˵ôֱӣŪֲ˼ġ
ݷСķ³극һͽŮ˷䡣޵һˣɫǰ̵סͲˡ
һһŹϣЦŲ֪İڵŮֽһȥ
үˣһѹסŮҪ͵ʱͻȻһλ˵ĺ


252 3


ʲôү˯ˣ˵һˬس⺰ʱεεСأйȥ顣
һצһţŮǵŮԲ۾ŮǰɻǴĩй飬ŮЩŲ
ҵű죬˿ɥү˺үԸСȥһˣȻͰСƤ
үĳˣȥɡСƿһϵצһļ
ǰɣҺСڷ㡣ݷ
һ۾һŮظһѣٺЦ˵ģ׼ڣҪǻһͼҷá
֪ˡŮ࿴һۣͷ˱
һСһȥŸȥֹű˴öŭڣƺЩԾ
ףʲôˣôŽҽгһɳϣһˮһǿѹڸء
ŭϵضһڵȥѡǲִˣ
ԭǼ°Ϊʲô˵أһЦдֻ뱱Сһİˡ
ˡҪȦҪߴ𣿡ŭһŭ
һɲںŭװάָϵŭٺЦʼĶԼأˣɲˣôˣѵѾͷ״ˣ
ߣڱüѾͷҹжԼȥˣǶֵǷꡣ۹ŮСӸģ˵ôճŭߵ
ʲôһʧɫǾǿѾͷȥְɡ
ȥеذնȥΧˣرüżضƳˮҲʲôȥҽŭһת˷䡣
һôŮˣʱֻ˵˵ѡû뵽ôһ˵һʮ̳̣Ҳô
ȥɣԼʵ̫ˣ취üҵѾͷȰȥɡ߹һ֣תҲ˷䡣
ģ˭˭ˡҪѾͷƨɡһӳŸ
һŸŷڽ壬żǰɱȥ
ȥüҵСڴأﻹűȥ֣˾ûÿˡ·˼·ǰɱ
˳һܿ㵽һɽ˺ĵطϣ·ߵķͷȫˡһƮڿУһ۱㿴һ£㷢ͷϵı˫ϥڵУն
ŮźŻԼС㣬ȴȥΪ˵һ¾ͽ¥Ů
һŲҰ׶ǿıݽҧ´˿˿Ѫ˿˲֮ͬġ
ⱱСôüҲһܣǻôƯĹŮһλվݶϹ긾˲̵˵
֪ʲôڶҵСӪ˵ΪŶٴˣжԼءҲ֪üǵ۹ϵļ壬Ƕ˰üѾʾˣ˵СӴǱü޹ϸ𡣡˵ɷ˵
ǶʲôȻֶעҲ̫˰ɡԱߵһ˲廰ôһʣݶ̴չһˡ
Ǹ˵ɷôΧԼʱԼǸˣɤŵ³˶ңû֪
ӣͱθˣ˵һ˲ͷ˵
ô˵ģŶٵӪȥѡ֪Ϊʲô뱱С˳ͻСǵ۹ΨһŮĸŶʵʵضսŶֻöʮʿʹ˱СʮˣһΣԲн棬֪˰ɡӵĺſˮ˱˵ɶʮˣ˱˵ʮˣٴȥ¾ҪŶһָͷһӾˡ
ӣʹţɡҾͲŶô˲ˡ
类β͵èһظƭǾǹʺ硣
һ˴룬ʱ˵ȻСˣŵҺ
԰԰Ҳ˸ϵ
ʱͻȻ˲̫Ծתһָո˵ľȻǰԵŶ٣ŵýȻŶٵӡͨǴѩ¼ڰиĹ˲١ҲûǰֵǶɹȴȻڣʮӵܵһһϦȫŤתġ
һںͱ飬ʵС˶ˣ
ӶģѾʱˡ˴
ʱһһͻȻ˵үСʵ̫ˣһҡôǲȡǵĶԼ
һһתͷ˵˶ʱŵˣµɷǣȴһЦ̾Ͷ˵ȡԼˣҲû취
ʱԶˣȴ°ӰһûоκοУ෴Щ£վǲôһŮôԼ
һŵ㣬һڱǰĳΧ۵İ
̧ͷÿնĮһۣȻ˵ű仰ƿǰȥ
үĹҼСɡŮųһ
һǸడûдģôĴһ㣬ԼҲΪԼˣʲô
һǰϥǴĿӶĥ¶ϥǺ˴Ƭ
ˣѾˣѾԼسŵȥɡһűҧоһɷŭ֪Լ
֣ұȻ˵ҪȦһ˦һ¹ȥǰС
һ͵ٴν̧־δߣ治ٸȥˡ
·𿴳һ뷨ǿдߣǽұϾ·
һűĨôĴۣôļ֪˵һȥܲһסɣҪȻ϶ɵµġ
Ůˣ㡣һɿ֣ǰеı𣬾ȻЩжɵĺɵػһΪһСˣɵоȴġ
޶˵أһԺͻȻ˳Ѿõļ䣬ǰģһСߵŮӡǸڸգ˵һŮӡһƴ˦˦ͷȥ۵ҪϢĸоֻڴ˿̣Сô
һ³һûȥ𣬼Ȼô֣ǾԸɡ
үôˣɫôôѿСһŽӭȥͷһ
ݷҲһߣĵ
û¡ɫˣ˯ɡһǿЦ
һŮķȥѣڱݷСһһҵƽʱɫж໽ִռˣȴüӵŮ֪Щʲôֻ۾ɫͣر任ţһ룬һ׷䡣һģһʹࡣ
ݷһͻȻԵЩɣؿ΢΢һĩһϲҲ˳ص£ܲѣֻԼʲôҲﲻ
ݷҧ촽СͻȻһ˫ȼסŵСһŪһʹ˼֮УΨһıתעת˵עð취ȻĪ
оĴ̼һعߴӵĽı顣ɻػ
˼ҡ˼Ҫݷ촽΢ţĽͣһĥţ֮ɢ
СЩȵͻȻ˴󵨵Ľ㣬ȴԼգգ۾ݷҪʲôвɸ̾үߵŮӹһһ顣Ҳѧɬؿʼһ
һƵء֪Ů⣬ж֮Ҳʵ˷ӦͻȻӿĻҲ嵭˲١ɹأһ¶ʽĻЦֻצʼŮϹӵأݷСѩΣץŮܿ鶯糱
£һСͷ󵨵ݷʵϥǴһֻסСһ˶š
һһƿ⾡йСһݷﱻµĶվ¸ЩŲ
һݷ΢ŵĺ촽лĴָݷĴϵ˵㣬ٽͷ˰˼ʮԡ
ᣬ󻵵ݷӰһһۣȴһ
ҪСһݷԸ欵һһͣСһɲʱֳʹ˼֡
Сضˣ뿴ᷢЩʲô
ݷСţЩ˼һڴɫһҧԺǽˣ뷿֮Ժ»Ҫཻʲô
ݷﻺ촽һţСһ˿УСԴʼǿСĿɿڴԭŮ֮»
һˬһȵ˫ĿԱߵСָɵһСʱһֻѩ׵Сᡣ
һħ£Сÿһط˸һŬݷͻȻаЦһСվϣСѩëСɽȾسǰ
ѽүҪСʶؼн˫ȣֻҲϵסһߡ
ԣүϸооһٺЦС˫֣ٷֿеȣǷ۷۵Ů˽֮أƵɢ
أһץסСΰ꣬˹ȥ
үССҪˡС֮˽֮һͷһ򣬶ʱεزһغ֮¾׵ߵ㡣
һſ̱С½ݷ·ȥ׳ѹȥʼ
״˫ɣһر߰Ļ˸飬ؽŮص˸¿
Сʱ֮ݷС̱һĻУҲ᲻һ˿ղǻٳƣǾһ죬û뵽˵Ĺ뷿֮Ҳһζ
һָŮʼСʷʲô顣
һ̾һǽѡʱ˵һ飬Ҳ˵˱ǸɵŮʱĳŵ


253 


ݷСŵñС㾹Ȼ浱ڽ˭Ҳܲ˵飬밡
취СŵԷʮ־壬ֻһʮŮӣ϶ʮʹ࣬˵˱ġݷｹ
Сû˵ʲôֻǾһֻΪһ˼ݷҲһȻͬ鱱𣬵ﻹΪáΪһ˵ˣֶ񶾵ԼһʼģսһôʱڽԼɡ
ûа취룬ȰȰģҪǿаȥԸܻƫ顣һЦ
ǾԼ𣿡ݷĵ
һҡҡͷôȻ濴Ƕ˶ˣʵϰյʮ֮ŵһ˻ûеһ·ȥϰնʮ־山ƷʣΪһŮӡ
ڶһ磬ݷŴȥˣһΪ۵۹ƫҪȥӪˣĿǰҪҪӪһǧӱѵɿ۹ʿ
;Уһ̲ס˳ȥһ±һˣۼ߰ߣɫҲ쳣԰ף촽ˡĻǸַĵ۹ŮŮʳˮҪιԣȴִزԲȣ۾ûκʣֻʣ¿նͱ䡣
һ̾һӪȥ
ӪһȾټ˱ӶŵгԱóһѵƻʽ齨ĶӪΪ˫Ӫȡ˫˼ͬʱҲΪ˻Զڱԭ˫ӦˣʱѾˣ𲻾úԼǸǣҶǵŮһﷺһ˿ۣڵһʱɡ
ܰԷһѵƻɰզ࣬඼ĩţҶǱŷĥ˵֡ʲôԽҰװɣʮСʱǱ涨е˶ҪϿΡ̵һЩøԼִСı任ϡʱ峿ŵҹ֮ΪħѵҲΪ
ʱ䣬Ҹǣѧ˾ͽıѵһ£ÿһοˣ˲ؾҪԱӣħʦҲ⡣һһĽͳɷ
ħʦҲҪѵ𣿡һϵħʦ
Ȼħʦ̫սʱһսˣһ׶ѵרŸħʦ׼ģø񶷵ĿγҲһҪϡһϵ˵ӵмŭ˵ľ
һ㽫˫ӪŪӪǰб־ȫһ˲ĶӪŪûʲôôŪһ֧սӱȽϺãȻɳԿ͵Ϯɱսʲôһʮ
ǵһ죬һֻǼ򵥵ظǽһЩսۣЩĩѧ˵ļһԭսôѧʡ
һÿΣһͽ˫ӪʿгϣӶżӶȫȥ٣ܰΪ˫Ӫ
һӪصĸ̨һĽɿЩʿĻŽҵҫ鹡
ʣµһ˦ֽܰԴˣ˫ӪʿѵԼȴһûӰˡ
һһӰں߽һ³ǵǰӭǾλεĵǹ
жӳּˡһٺЦǰس𸴡
һݣЩԱ˱һһ񣬱ϾҲһˡ
𸴷Ըȥһֽ̧صͷȥ¶˵İǰԼòһһеĸо
ʱȥѵʿҸ𸴵ʵ
һٺһЦôжӳҪ
ץס˰ѱҲ޿ܡѵõ¶һ˿Ц⡣
һƫƧһĲݵֱ˵ʵ˵ɣҵʲô£
һһ£ʼҲµûĻӦɽׯ˶һϵɡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҳ֪˵ʲô֪ʲôɽׯ
ǰ˵˶ΪϵһϵʺŮһϵʺɽׯɽׯغ˰ɡһŸ۾˵
һ¡벻ͨΪʲôһ֪ôɡ
ʵ㲻÷ˣϴʹķ˶Ѿ˵һУ֪֮ô࣬Ϊ˼ĴСҵӡһ˵
ӣ׸˼ˣɻʵûٷϣѾˡ
ûУȻ޹˶ģ𣿡һٺЦ
𸴳Ĭòŵ˵Ŀİɡ
ҲûʲôرĿġ㣬ǱؾͬһӦͬŶԡһЦ
ҲҲ˼κһˡƺ˼ʲôᡣ
ΪʲôһȵʵϵͬɽׯطӦʮָ˲Ŷԡ
ߡȥȥǻԳɽׯĺˡ𸴺Ȼڵϵͷȥˡ
һԭء⵽ô°𸴵ܲݷɽׯƵģ׷ɽׯʲô飿
һҡҡͷʵ벻ͨ⾿ô£ȻȥҪúһ·
ڱӪйһ£ٻӪලָһ˫Ӫѵһʱܿôȥˡ
ȥʱһȻ׼ȥһ±ѾԲȵһһҹˣҪǳѵˡ
һ˳˳ܿҵ˱һһҹѿһȦˡʱ㲣ÿнһϥǴһѪӡ
˱ҪȥŮϹܿȻҲߣһˮҪȰȥ
Ǹҵı椡һűѵ촽̾ʱźźǾںţֻѾ΢ˡԼֻ˵Ȧû˵ԳԷˮ治֪ΪʲôԲȡ
һҲȥˣһڱߡ
һĳ֣Ϲܿһⶼĺ£ҪŸ𣿡
飬òܡһˬغߵû˶
㡭ĩޣƫҪܡϹܿǺ
ȻĩޣǾ͹ԹԱ죬ֵõ죬Ų㡣һ
Ϲܿҧ´˵ݾݣʲô˵ģȴôҲ˵ڣֻöվһ߲ˡ
һһ߿һǰеıϹܿϵˮǰˮ˵ǰˮ
ն΢΢һ£漴ֱҲû࣬ƺǰûһƵء
ñӣһƢҲˣƾʲôѾͷиԼ׬˺˵ƫƫҪԼһӣǿĻ
һһס°ͣһֽˮࡣ
ſʼˮ˴롣ؿڵѶŪʪˣ߱¶ҲǺÿ
ʲôɱ𣿡Ϲܿһ˴ֱضԴǰסһֶݺݵ
һ˦Ϲ֣ܿЦǰɱϷݵͦģȡͬ䲻ͱģ⸱ӡ
ıһ˿̧ͷó˰һ޲ýж˿顣
ô˵𣿼ȻȦǸﻹװԲȡŶ֪ˣʾ˵αضһءһмű˵
ұ˵㻰С֮ĶȾ֮˻Ƶ
ڿ˵ˣΪưˡȻʣΪʲôԲȣΪֵܼȦ𣿿ھͿ첻ˡιȥ֮Ͳ֮ɣˣ㲻ӮܲźۼʣǸһ̱֮˭Ҳܲˡ
ûʵظһһΧ۵ɫӶ챩ˡ
ˮҷҧгݵһ˵ȷʵеȫǿһ־֧ţιȥ˻ñΪʡ
С㡣ȵȣȥŮϲľ¥
ûһĹŮ˳ˮʳȺˮ»ʵذڷֿʼ˼ѵС
Ϲܿһ΢Цһ̱ĿģʵǸܺõˡ
һҲûűˣȥݷǰ׷飬Ϊʲô𸴻Է˼ô
ιҪȥһߣϹܿæ
ȻǻؼңȻʲôһתͷû
ҲҪȥþöûĸˣȥ졣Ϲܿ۾Щű𴦣Ҳ֪Լôˡ
㡣һʼ磬Ҫߡ
˭֪Ϲܿȴһץס֣һѯʵʱȴֱ׳÷ɵø죬һ߰ɡ
һƲƲ죬§Ϲܿŵ㣬˱˿УΧһ̾ǵذնеʶģҲ߼ħʦȥأȴûм˭ٶô졣
ϹܿԴ῿һļϣȵоȻӿһ˿֪νۣŪ⵽״ʲôЩЩֻš
ƾһٶȣŸܿ㵽ˡ
ˣŲһϹܿض
Ϲܿæſסһֱ۵С֣Ȼʧĸоһʸˣһ֪ݷﻹûСȥҹˡ
ҹˣһɳŲˮǲӦýҹ˵߶һЩ뻹ˣһзִˣƽʱʹټ飬ʹ֪һЩҲ˵ġ
С뿪ˣ֪𣿡ϹܿͻȻ
һԼֱϵӡлʹǳ޵̾Ҳգʱ嵭һеġ
˵һӣİ㡣ϹܿЩӵ˵
һҡҡͷ˺޵ĸо治ôЦǰңԺ׵ġ
ҸտʼҲΪֻǴռҴˣûаĺޣ޵Խ֤ҲԽϹܿ૵
һЩذڰ֣˵ˣҳȥе£׻ԼؼҾˡ
Ϲܿһ̤סһʱֲ֪˵ʲôֻܿӰ৵һʧǰ
Ϲܿ̾һλĩԼҲЩͿˣʱԺǸӰǱùǺȻ﷢ҲˣշķֶѭԽԽصơ


254 صض


һݷסķ磬һƹȴϱĵĴȥˡصһһЩסˣ˷ĺԺ
ƣһЩϲźԺڳ۲ݵĻ⼸ݷûϺƣΪڹûдء
һĺɻ̧ͷ֮ϳһ˵ܹĴԴһĻĥ
ļһ⼸һֱںԺ벻ȥתһתһЦŸźƵĴԴԴӶǰȹݷԵĶס
һĻ˷ܵŵأȻ⼸Ҳصˡ
һЦ˫һУƱӺԺųĴٴӴ˽ֵڰסĿһ
Ƶٶǲ˵ȻȲһҲ÷۵糸ݣһźƾôٵЧ⡣
ЧĲݵﱼ˺üȦʼʼٶҲ΢΢
ʱһͻһİӰӿпƮǿˮϵħľӰôЩϤ
˫һԺͻȻĳ֡ҲൽˣղǸӰǲ˫أԼ
뵽һҲסˡǬŲƣһӱʧ˺ƵرϡڿãȴûзָոǸӰܲԼۻ˰ɣԼۻˣˮϵħܲоģӵǿˮϵħģˮֻ֮˫˰ɡ
ҲǸӰһЩй˫ĻһԼأûԼǿ϶˫뵽һʱࡣ
ԶԶأһͻȻ˺Ʒŭ˻һһطȥֻһµںƵϣץסëȻѱ˫ȥ
үүģд͵͵ˡһŭѣֻϵĺӡ
ȴҲмֱ£Ϯһо޽һ
һЦһϾƮڿСǺӵľ޽ϱһǿҵıըǺӵը÷˳ȥڲݵϲͣس鴤š
һ䣬ǵܹһİοԴ˺˵ǰؿڱһѹըѪģ
ôϡеĶûκʲôģ˼̰Ҳﲻһùϵħһ£ȴڼͻȻ¶֮ɫ˫һȻˣ˿˿ĺѪ¡
жһɻʩѹʱзִأܻ
һͻȻʲôס°ͣԭһǽҩ̷Ծ
ö˵һʿһһͨĿռָ﷢һϵȴϹܿϹܡ
һʱ𲻺õԤУԺﹴճĳһ˽ٳܿܣǱ˺ƣ̰ߺ뽫ѱߡ
һӺڰԪռٻСǳСϵζʼǰ񱼶ȥ
һкԼȥС׷ٶȥʱһС׷һСţ̧ͷʾζжˡ
ļĺһüͷĪЩȥˣߺڣһ˼һСϵȥںӵأСͻȻںӵһ鳤ˮݵĵطͣסˣ³һڰħʱ¶һסĶڡ
ƽһ־һˣʲôȥ
һһоһŨĺڰϢĪǺڰ̻ڵѵ㲻ɣǽٳϹܿʲô
һСϵϢⶴʮɭϣһأڰϵĸҲв١һһȰͻȻŵòԶܶﴫ
ЩôҲɲ񣬾ȻϹܿСѾͷˡһֱ
شˣϹϸڶֲֵ࣬úڰħԡ˻û˵һҺƨˣǴ˻ĺ
˭ҽھͺһ³ǻϡһҲˡֱٴ
Чϣ޶ġһƬ
ˣߺȥˣǴͻȻʵ
شˣߺ;пһƥȫĶץ׸ˣڻ·ϡһ˻ش
ȫĶֻ֪з˼شСӵУѵģɱ֦źáǴ˵
ӦòǵģǾʱֻƥûпˡ˻ش
šˣȰСӹ˵Ǵ˵
ϣȺ˵ϵ˭أѲǻʵսһЩ˵Ļ֪ϹܿûбץϹСƨץˡ
һԺɿתŸͷסҪ˵ĳ嶯Ҫ֪Щ˿ϾǺηʥٳϹܿʲôĿģ
ǺסСӣȥϱ档Ǵ˵
һһϲˡ
һȫںɫظߴӴܶ߳ɢŨڰϢʿһ˵ںɽǵغڰʿ
ѵǺڰ̻᣿ƺֻкڰֱ̻̬ĺڰʿ
Ϊ˵ĸߴӴڰʿȥ;عؿһһɭϡôխĵطҪ֪ͨǾ޿ܵġ
һҧҧƴˣȽⶴɱ˵ɽ𻢣Ͳֻϻ
һӿռָóһ׺ɫϣŴӺڰԪռｫʮ˾߳ɷܸٻҪԺڰԺڰҪŪĻļһͷԡ
ǿҵĺڰע⣬ѷֵľӵ׵ĵضɲʱǴҲֹͣ˽Ųػת
һֱ´˹ɷܵĹǿһ˲ո˼ʮһевٺڰϢ˷Χ
һٺЦٽӴ罫ʬٻӲ̼ɴħһ߾߲Ұ׵ûŸζؽʬӵص˳˻ս֮С
֫ҷɣѤõħ붷ҪضˡһûսܶϹʮȫɱȷĩСӵİȫ
ⶴŵĸֻв٣Ȼм߼鷨ʦǲͣٻԿȻһûɱ⡣
һʱʱעǱΪ˵Ķֻվڶûйæ˼ԽԽʱڰʿתߡ
һСϹԼһȥ
Ǵƺһĸ٣ԽԽ죬Ŷȥ
һЩ棬ⶴô޽ģȻһ޵ԨƵ߲ͷͻȻǱΪ˵תЦȻͬˣαظϽɱأ
һͬһɫһʱ²͸Щ˵ݣһѣõͳЦڰ̻¾ڰ֯ڣҪôҪô
Ǻڰ̻ˣ𱨵ļһҼһƽǡ˲мͻȻðһ˱
һĿһȥڰʿĻħ˹һһһùȥһ飬ǼһѾӰֻʣĺڰϢƮɢڿС
ùһﰵ
ڰʿĵز˹һ֪ǶûõģЩɱ˻Ͳ֪ۣҲûѪҺֻ֪ʵִ˵֡
ʥ⶷ֻ֮նһͺһڿ̲һƮо޽һǧĿİ׹⣬һ˲佫ڰʿʳӡ
ֻնһںɽԸڰʿʱʹùֻʱңô磬շİ
ʱսѽβ˶ˣһһŵĲȱʬԼáһץסڣЩȴһȫɱˡ
սһʤʮ˾߳ó֮ˣɷʬҲ˲̶ͬȵ˺Ҳóⶴĸֲ
һʱҲⶴһĽ磬ҪȻǿȵսⶴˡ
һʬӻ磬ٽЩ޲á
Сӣɵòһٵļ׵أеؿ޵׶Ƶۿ﷢ĺâڻӦһĿ佱


255 һߵһ


һеĺâвһĪĲʶ
һĪʱСϻСܶ˳̰ضŵϵЩʬ壬ٽЩĩɢڰħʬɡʱһӾȵ鷢ˣȻû£Ҳתʬϵĺڰħ
⡭ĪǷˣһ૵öܲʶΪһֱܣб֤ܲ
һʱ䣬һҲ֪ʶ˵ǺûǻԺǿĿưɣǿɾ鷳ˣҪһȥ᲻á
ʬϵĲĺڰħָֻ֮һôжûзӦˡ
ˣԺ˵ɡһɷսڰԪռ䣬ȻŵϹӵ׵ضҪĸŭ˵һ£һڰ̻ĺڰ֪˸鱨Ȼûһ˵ڰǳǿ󣬻ͷ۰
ʱϹ󱻽ٶûңеĳȫˣֻ׼׼
һϹſʱõϢϹϹϹܿɱˡ
ҵܵû°ɡϹܿһлŵϹĵʵ
û£ֻǻȥˡһϹ£˹黹Щ㯡ƺʲô¡
㱧Ҹֲ㡣ϹѿڶĻһЦãҲϹܿա
Сӣ㶼콫ˣ˵˵ϹܿǰϹĶת˼Բ
Ӵ֣䶼ˡϹĵ
ǱϹ֣ŭֹˣ˽˳ط
˵˵ҵϹСүģŭʵ
һ㽫еԭί˵һ飬ŭǰӵײ鿴üͷ
û뵽ôһ֧ڰǱҾȻ֪Ǻڰ̻ᡣǻ˭أŭʱǵİӿԽԽӿһСı֮֡
᲻ǡϹָָ棬˼ǻ᲻ǻʵսڰ໥ᡣ
ܡŭ
ܿ죬ȥӵײ̽˻ˡǱ˵ӵ׵ĵضȫݣʬ嶼Ҳһˡ
ʲôһվû뵽ֽô졣һ㽫еĺۼĨȥˡ
ˣȥ϶Ҳ鲻ʲôԺעһˡŭڰֵ
صŸʱѾȫէƺҪˡ
ݷŸصʱ֪һźƳȥˣ㼱ŸȴһȾ͵˴졣
һڴϡСݷֻ˿¿ߣΪȫĦ
ˬһ㣬Сһ㣬һ㡣һֱߺߣһر飬ʱСѰһĴȸ
Сؽٷһ㣬СĴСһһһ۾аЦСҵСֵ˵ҲҪĦ
СĵغһһۣСֵƤСһᵯһ£ȴСһ̷ŭˣڿɵĿͷ϶ϴһ
С𡣡ݷһ׽Ц
ǣ㡣СߺӦһһ˫СסСһʼ޵İĦ
һһԵ˸߲ҵݷ۾¾ͦظȻûôΰ󣬵һŮҲ㲻СˣɫѬѬȻǰƣɿʼ
һָذĦôһٺЦ۾գҲգضݷ¶ء
ʲôֻҪʲôԸ⡣ݷ۵Ц
ţַؾͽƣ˼⣬ظǸأҲ˵زĦһٺЦ
ǡظôĦݷߺظȴһĿע½ͦţԸ⽫Լޱչʾɵǰ
һ֣һݷǰСƬƮȻ£һѩ׼ͦš
󡣡СĽ
СҲСݷЦСļнҲ
һ۾ǰԼƷ飬᲻ͣ»ţһ§ݷ˵Լϣǰѹ֮ϡ
֡ڷô찡ݷЩߵ
ֳֻһ㣬»÷ظĦһʼָݷĶ˷ܵСһֳʹ˼֡
ݷһָѰ¿ʼоԼظĦвһĸоرеСӣң̣Ծرͦ͹
ͣһ佱ȴץסݷָǺüˡ
һݷ̺ôôŬְȴûеõ佱СﲻƽˣСһݷʱһҪı飬ҧҧסӱ㸩
ŶСݣͷˬһֻСֵܽһȵǻСȻǲݹεһۣСѧϰһһģˡ
̫ˣһһ߸̾һţȷǱɻҪң
̼˼ޣһ̲סһŮ˵һĴʼĻ
һбСݷôܣ˼ȴƽ
˯𣿡ݷ۾̧ͷĵһ
ţ˯ɡһЦݷﳤĽëǡ
ݷӣ̧һһֻԺȻһĴְظϣСȴ︧ŪСһ֪ʲôʱʼϰߣϲץסһСJJ˯ҲϲһĴַظϣһİȫС
һĴݷظ࣬ͻȻ˰𸴵̸ʵǷ˶ϵǷͻ
ͻΪʲôôʣݷɻʵ
ǵҸĳҽҵ棬ȴƺǷ˼кܴƫӦ˵ܲмһ˵
ôأ׿û˵ݷﾪȵ
һ𸴵ĶԻԭԭظݷｲһ顣
ôǷ˼ʲôˣΪʲôûԳɽׯĺˣУȥһҪʸݷ
һᰲšһӦ
ʱһɫһƲ񷣬ӱףŵݷСһĻֱ
ͻȻݷһһۣһ𡣡


256 ҹ


ʱҹ׵罻ӣ𲻻ʲô°ɣһɵ
˼ȥһǷĲ£ȥһһʲôͲˡ
˯ҳȥѾͷһ˵ƿ´ʼ¡
Ҳȥɡݷ˵
ˣһȥˣֻȥһüչɣûϾͻһŮĶͷӡһǣɳŸ
걩Ƭ类һˮĻ˾ֻʣյħҡҷһһֲĸоɲʱӿٶȣǵϿմš
ͻȻһƳڿ籩һӰ˫΢΢ȴġ
ܣҲ䡣оȫ䣬ʶƺһһس壬ǿ־ȴȻ䡣
һƮڰУз£ðɣϣǿŮеԵֻǣüѵľͲŮȥˣһͶȥ˰ɡ
һƮȻ£һڱϷһѽ𣬿Ѿ㲲Ůзһ˿ʹĸоֵرϣʼΪɢˮڶ𣬱ʪ͸ͷѱøˬҲָһЩʶ
һĻУΪԼڵסؿ籩꣬еһ˿˵ظоֻۣںܰȫ
һű𷢲Լֱ׵ϥǣ֪ڳʱĺ֢ס󣬿ʼΪѪͨ磬ƺ׵ϥǣļȴһӿԻָģҪϢһ²ܻ硣
һ𣿡һʵ
šûˣƢֻǰص˵ͷ
֮һɲʱسĬ֪Ӧ˵ЩʲôͻȻ䣬԰׵ͻȻҲ̲סʼ΢΢
ôˣﲻ𣿡һĵʵ
Щҵҡҡͷ۾ſңſҡ
һЩĪ¼οʲôûԷſ˱
һŵأײײسԱ߳ȥֽŻĩָһľҪˤڵءһǿҲҪˤһס
㵽ʲôҰ㡣һ˵
嶶ԽԽҲԽԽ죬ȴֽòһ˿Ҳѹ֣ôãûʲôټϼ⻹أһʱ·Ҳ
һñ⸱ģټ˫ȽУڼʲôʼŻȻԭϲһһһСЦﲻ˿ɡ
һһǽϣ߿ת
ҡҵֽŲʹ졭Ҫ򵽿ˡһ˿Խż͸оԽǿȴӶⲻԼҲײȥ
һתӣһʱҲ벻ذ취ֻùȥӱסһʵϥǴ𾪺һ۾
ű£һЦɣҵ۾ѾԶرˡ
ȴȫⶼ콫ǲ򲻳
ţ˭˭һȹƻһι潣ôһʲôһЦź˵˵ĿҲֻĽŶѡ
ᡭһɣһˮɽʯذϷˮķ˲٣ҪȻ϶Ρ
ðΣһһһϡ
һͻȻˣŮǲǻҪһ
֪ʡо⣬ֱ޲Ҹضȥ
һӿռָóһݸ𣬱һȴûסƮȻ¡һֺֻӹ쵽ȼҲ˲ȻѸٽĿϵá
㡭һʱԴһƬհףԼһǰˣΪԼҲûôԽܡ
ʲôûһ޹
ôأ
ҧҡңѡһЦ
һ죬ɵڻʹһԼȷʵݺҧһڡ˭۸ˡ
ؼҰɡһ˵
ҸѾŮˣѾûмˡһûɣɷſҰɣұȦŶԵԼ
뱱üҲֻѣۻءһοȴô롣
ǲŮػ𣿡һһǽڳȥ
һ׷ȥһѽڱϡ
ʲôһϡͻȻЩӿˡ
㲻ǼҪضԼҰ㰡һЦ
ҲҪԼ顣ĸıڽһĵɷĵ׷ǳмع뻳ůԲԼ;ϡ
žžһĴֶűƨ£㻹øͷţƵġǵĶԼû˵˰æӾͲһһҲ֪ͨôܵһõĽ
ĬǰһֱΪԼھɵòһЩһζսȴĳ׵ػˡ
ԭȻ޿ɺǣڲΥԭĻϻǿʵرͨһµأһҪĲԼֵʿţֻʧ𣿡һѵ
룬һ˵úеסһĲǣôңȦ𣿡
кβɡһٺЦͻȻ˳ȥűô˵ڽֵϣ岢ûнӴʯ壬м仹мļ϶
һ˫һƣ˫һţ˳ȥٶޱȡ
̫ˣһ㡣һǰؾﻩˣɾŵ
⻹죬иġһЦżӿٶȡ
ת䣬ת䣬Ҫˡһıϣۿǰһתǣһȴһײȥŵ۾
һʲôˣôײǽأһΥɵתɵذ˹ȥ
أԽԽ̼˵ĴзһıǿٴţȴһƬʣǰյıҸоƺһȫʧˡ
ƾһٶȣʣµһȦܿˡ
ô찡ĩ
һ±ЦѾͷҵɽγˣղŲ֪˭ҪҰæġ
һͻȻ̧ͷֱһ
Ҹл𣿡һɻ
ûУ𣿡ɵ´һ
Ϊʲôôʣұ𣿡һЦʡ
šͷ۾ȴȻû뿪һؿ
ôңһΪϲˡһЦ
ôһ㣬Ŭһ㣬ҾͻϲˡѾϲˡ
ӦŬһ㣬ߺڶ࣬ʱëѾͷһٺЦ
ߣڷһû䣬ǰôôɫôԴ󡣡Ťͷߵ
һٺһЦû˵Ժ࣬Ѿȫ統ˡ
һҪػʱͻȻһһԶգֻһƺһӰڽֳֵһǱԶ͵ǵ˵
һһӣԶߣʵ˭ģ
үСǷų֮С㣬޶⡣ĵ
Ҵ𣿡۾¶һĨů֮ɫ뿴绹ǹġ
죿һüͷⱱüҴүǸܾﰵʾǱͼ
ɣҴСסǣбһ
ǣС͹ٵʧһ֮С
绹ͦġһЦŵ
ǰСҼã϶õˡЦ
һűЦɵ֪ЦɱҪÿˣʵɡ
һҡҡͷЩ㯵Ҳ֪˵ҪѧԼʵ뷨ʲôҲܱ¶ΣСұˣҲ֪ĸԼ
ʱݷͻȻ˹
һ̧ͷȥֻݷһĽ磬泯ɱС򾲾վԶע
ôˣһһѽɱݷ§
ǵ㰡˵û¾ϻģҺСô㶼ûԾˡݷ˵۾ȴվһߵı


257 ǧǰĶԹ


ãݷŮˡݷסһֳ
ͷЩִ٣һˣЩζ
ʱСҲ˹һԲվһһ˫͸ҪƵģֱ
СҲҡ
үŮܸʶ㣬С㡣СһĻ΢ЦţЩʲô
𾭹ʼ޴룬ѻָϱһĮʵȴǾޱȣߵŮˣһһ򵥡
ȥ˵ɣ󣬻ǴһЦһץһϻһŸȥ
ʱıøۡ۵鷿ŵƣڸ߸ߵĿϣŹڵϵһȫʪ͸ĸ߼
ǧȷСʮа˾ϲҿС̬ȣ϶Ҳ˴С㡣ɪ
⣬Ǻǣ⡣۹Ц˵ĵ⡣
ۻ˵鷿ŲΣ૵ȥһŭ
ڶ졣һݷȥ˱ӪһߺûþȻŸ
üɸ֪кָ̣ŭڴףʵڱƵƵʾãǱŽ̬ȡ
ҵΪСŮ̾һ˵
ŶӹǧȥİɣŮиҹ𰡣һҲǻСӸģһ󸮵Ǹŭź˵
εذڰ֣̾ŶѧˣԶʿСŮ򾫱һжСŮȡżЦ˴󡣡
üˣֻҪżõġ˵ŭĿЦ
żҲ֪ͨ½СŮţСŮϾҵͷ⣬ôأǴ漰棬żչСŮСŮԲױװС͸ھ򣬶űܼɷСŮŹѧһЩε
ŭЦҵʲôأͬΪ۹Ĵ壬ҲⱱüĿֻС£Ҷᰲ׵ùǧһί
лż˺õұ۵ľ˵ϵɽ͹Ҳƴǡվ˵˻Ѿż忿һˡ
˵˵Ժ໥㡣ŭЦ
ˣǾżһеҪͲˡ۸ǵ
üǧ𣿡ŭ
ˣڶѾ͸ˣ淴Ρ۰ֵ˵ȥˡ
۵ӰһʧŭϵЦݱԱ۵ʾɣҲɣüһֱżĶ֮⣬ʾ˴ͻȻʾѡ𣿽ȫѹżϣżɹôǱüĵλˮʹߣʤˣǱüҪӴڲ½ϳϺ그ðôķΪһֱż»ϼͳ£Ǳü嶼ڿ۹һϯ֮ء
һŰװݷ˱ӪΪһ˵Ӫǲ׼Ů˽ģǸ⡣һȻҲԴҡڵشŮװݷȥӪЩɶûĸԶСӣһֻҲᵱŮοݷĳŮװҲΪ˱ɧҡ
һȶһ˫ӪѵȳѵһټϿΣݷں
ݷŹ㲩ŮӣԸ涼һЩԣ˼屾Ҳ˽ھһ黹һ˽⡣һΣеԸӣʤصľսԼ֮ԡ֪һ֧ӵģ˵ʲôʲôľӣһΪһ֧ʲôľأݷΡ
ЩΣһݷȥҳˣ˳ذһ̵ȥֵµıˡ
ӵӪһҵ˸ոѲ߻ĳ𸴣һߵݷһ£ɫѿ
ӪһƫƧĽ䣬ȵ˵˼ˣ㻹Ǵ߰ɡ
ĩһڣݷһ˵ҲΪʲôǷ˼ƫʲôβ̯˵ͬһɵϵǻ֮ͬꡣ
ߣҸǷ˼島һǲ䡣
ݷҲǻ𱬵ӣֻǸһ֮࣬ʱŵó˼ԱǼ壬̲סˣȵ곤㣬˵ݹҽ顣
Ѿͷƾһķ˶𸴲м
ݷוּһɫ޽ȴһסˣһͬΪɽׯˣӦŽ
ɽׯŲģǧǰׯ֮ԻᱨǷ˼ɽׯûκιϵһסҲתĸס
һסߵݷʵ𸴣лβ˵˼ôԲˣ
ǶԲңǶԲɽׯ
ƨݷ̲סһֿڡ
һϵȱһϵȱ£ȱļ˽ύܱƻ߻ƣɽׯҲḲ𣬶ҵȱҲڱУҪȱʱѵǱΪ˼廹浽˵˼廹ʲôʸԳɽׯˡҧгݵ
һסˣݷҲסˣźȵ˵ں˵˵״û˵Щ
ȱ£ǲ󡣡𸴵
ɽׯǷǷǶѾȥǧˣʵô˭Ҳ֪ⷬӦֻǿڿഫһȫȷһԳ𸴵
һûд𻰡
ʮ֮󣬷Ҫ׻ػɽһѰ࣬ʱͬǰ˵ܽ⿪ǧ굽׷ʲô飿һЦݷգգ۾
ɽɽſһΣھϴοʱ仹ĩһꡣɽׯܲƵĽƣͽȥѵǽƵķĿƵضݷ
Ҳ֪׻֪ݷ˵
𸴳˼һãȻʮպҾһˡ
Ӧ֮ˣһȴ˳˼֮Уɽ꿪һεܺͽ뷽Ӧֻɽׯĺ˲֪Ϊʲôϵħʦ˹֪أĪҲɽׯĺˣһħϵĺˣ


258 è


Լ֮ݷ˱ӪȥˣһڱӪල˫Ӫʿѵ
˵Ҳ֣ͬһӪһȴټųصҲǣ˻һԹͷ漸ӵӰˡ
ȥ·һȥһ¥˽һȴ;˷ʱ˴ɩŮȥԶһһŮںŸ٣Ӧŭɵˡ
һڰжһ£ǰȥҲЩŮҵƷɡǷһ֮һ̲סϴ˿صɶ󣬶˷ϰﺬҲڵ֮Уһİɣ
뵽һۻءʱɫѰһٶȼûܹһݶļв֮У׹¥ǻʺСŮɯġ
ȷλãһϢ¥ϿһСףһȥ˷¥µĴʱʮλСѡʱСƬϱȻţǴɫ˰
һܿ㷢ϵӰӣҲ˸ٵǸŮҲС
ƺѡӣؾµġ˺ðΡһ׷ɫ͸Ȥ£ɬЦЦתŮǾȥ¼һԡ
Ťŷ¼䡣һԥţҪҪȥأϾԼĴɩҲֻǻɶѣ͵µػеѹ
ۼϹ¼ţһҲ˲ôˣΪ⣬¼յĵط¶ŵĵط
һ¼ĶббһСӡ¼Ͽʼ·һһ٣ѳƬѩ׵ļתۼ䡣ϱֻʣһɫ¿㣬ȻҲ˷ƷοʽȤ¡
ۣҪЩ겻ұŮ˻ġһЩ촽һɫ¼ջ˽ܴ֣¶ߵķ˵ġ
϶¼ħӰ˰죬ѩ׵СµϵһһԼ˳ǲԭŮĸԲҲŮķۺɫǽӽɫ
һ΢΢ƿĿ⣬ƽľƺǾʹ߿Ļ³⡣룬һǾסĵ׵пȻϵͦ˵ģһļŮ˻˲١ݷľʤ١
ʱѽһ߲ҲžɦŪˣԼҲǼšȷʵһӵŮֵܱôã治һ׵顣
׷ɫ´ɲʱչֳһķ顣ʱһͻȻϲûнɫ½£ֱӴ·Ըеĺɫ¾ôǽϡ
֮ûйĺɫ£ֱƿ¼˳ȥһһ¶һ˿Ц⣬µûϵĺɫﶨȻʲôè塣
·Ҵˣʼǵ°ɣʱŸʡŵ˵ŮˣŮȻûз©ʲôڵĥߴһҲȥˡ
ʱһŮԱǽϵĺɫ߳
żٷÿµĴߣɵ¡һŮԱͬ齫·óĽ
ǰǮ˾ǺáµŮԱЦ
㣬ٷ˲Ҫģ͸ôŮԱЦ
ȥܸٷ˱𣿿ϰ֪ǿ϶ûӳԡµŮԱһЦţһ˴һˡ
һ¥ļв˹ȥоŮԱָͣͷһСȥһҶңŮԱĵؽһͰһ˳ȥ
һûĵЩ˷ܣ˳ϣ֪Ĺϻж
һҵǽͻȻϢسһţϰﺬ̴һ׽ɫֱ߳ߵͰ߽ɫóȻţָֻԭ
Ȼ⡣һﰵ͵͵ź˷һԺǺסĵط
˹뷿̿Ĭһ͸Ľ磬ŷĵµ·˼飬ȻץסǺɫһ˺һűý͸˿ƬƮ
˿Ƭϸϸ΢΢ɫ˿ƬУ뽫ȥͻȻúƱӶһڣʶһʧȥ֪
һƮȻ£ŻȥĺааЦǺôһ㰡ϣźڰϢغӰһᵽӴıζϵսػǵһڲһкܿˡ
һӺù˿ƬһüͷȫһЩ·ķĺſöʲô˼ĳһ뺬֯ֻǵ˲ܿö
һ˼һӰһʧڷٷ¥ҵ֮һݣַؽ˿Ƭ˺̵ָһ˱ʧˡ
˦˦Դ૵Ҹղôˣôأ
һҡҡͷһ˿Ƭ㻯Ϊҽˡ
һʱҲ֪ʲô˼ǻᾡŪ׵ġ񹧾ضһ
ϢǳҪʲôҪˣ̵ݵ𣿡һɳϣתŲ豭
ܣ̵ֻڱ棬ʵݻĩ塣ϻ̳Ͽֵ
ţҲܹǣȥɣ˿Ѱġһ
ǣ
ʱƮѩѾͷŸˮ˽һȻЩֻţһǽŮŵòûþ񲡣ԺϵĽԱҲҲˡ
ѷźˮһˣȥԡһȥȥΪүСˡ񹧾
һ˵һʼϺܲڱӪһ죬ǸɾȥЦŵͷ
Ʈѩȥԡϵ˳ȥ
Ʈѩɫһ԰ףԡ֮ǲǲҲӣΪԴϴǼԺһӵϿ˴շ
ŮӵظһСЩؽһ·¶Ǿ׳壬ǺŵϢŮѬĸζҪ˳
һҲںȷʵЩˣҪˮúһݡڵԡأʼ˫ȴǲͣתţýǵظԼǱڵвȫ˳
Ʈѩһûɫжһ㽫ᱡǣǱ۾üͷֿƾʣŮЩˡ
һҧƮѩȥֻ¿ˮ˿æһý׳塣ȻһûĳЩһ˵ͻǾȵȴʾ䱬ըԵһŮͨѾظܵˡ
һȻ˼ƮɣıȴڣŮְϴİȻȻرӦСֵŮľһƵ
ȻһûУʼն۾ŮһЩޡ֮Բ޽Ůֵ룬ƽЩϣȻߣ˼ȫ̺һһȴȫȻûһ㷴ӦβԽԽһڲͬ㶢һ´
ãһֹͣ˼ÿҪץסһͷʱָоȴʧˡ˼޹ҲˣֻҪס⼸ǷʲôӲӵ˫ϸ۲Ůһ˸ͨ͸
ôãûзʲôһٺЦ۾ɫеضŮ壬ŮƤ֮ѡײ
ŮС˵һлǺܾµġ
һһԡվŵŮֱΪһҪǸʲôˡȴһֱ̤ԡأŴԡ۱˳ȥ߻ɫŮ壬һǲҪҪһ£һ£û޳ֵܵز
ƮѩЩˣжǲˣҲ΢΢ʧС
ԡңѽڵķ׼ˣЩɫ쳣ÿĲȣһصģ
ǵģǳǳЦһԺС
һ˳̾治ͬһΡ
ϲԳЦ
ûһƮѩҲ˳ŷưʳһĲζ


259 ħ


һصŸʱҹһӶѲߵĻ˶ˡ
һƨɳϣһ°ͳղõһϢ´ʹŲñҪˣ֪̽۹һĿı۹
Զǹ֮˵ѷʽ۹Ҳ֪µ۹ʹ۹̸ΪԷһôͱн˼һ
¡һ૵֪۹ĻʵɹжŮŮʥŮ֮⻹һŮΣ˴ĸŮ޹أ°ɣһ΢΢ЩϾйһǶǵԵ뵽Ҫ޸ˣʮֲˬ
үүģҪҲǼ޸үһͻȻЦ뿪ǹǸϣҪٳˣǷɡ
˭Ҫ޸㰡ڴ˭⣿ʱͻȻ˽һ˫Ŀ
ףС㣬ô˯û𣿡һٺЦʡ
Ųˣ˵쿪ʼҵ˫ӪԺҾסˣڿ޼ҿɹĿ档бһ΢ɫ޵
Ī͵ʦһüЦʵһأֻҪͻƳڴͱһ󲽡
ҳ㲻ܱ䰡ǸˡüɫĻа˿ɥӡ
̫ҲǼˣҪ֪ҼҼﶼǴ̳ӣ㲻𣿡һ׽Ц
һ죬ʼԼղѿڶĻأһٳøͷˣղŵڴ˭⣿㱻Ūȥˡ
˵ڴ⡣𣿡һЦ
ȥ˵Ҿ͸߲˵̬ˡֿʼǿŮ
㣬ֲҵŮˣô㲻ϲ˰ɡһʼЦ
˭˭ϲˣҪ˵ˣһȥ˯ضŶ
һűıӰ૵Ѿͷϲ˰ɣ˳̫˧Ҫð
һһŭ鷿ƻţ֪ŭûȥ˯븸Ҳͦģرʱ䣬ûһ˯ðȵģµҪش۰
һնصĽ鷿š
𣿽ɡŭ鷿ﴫ
һŶŭǰűæµдʲôڰɫħƵ¡һȻøײ࣬޶ѻˣǵǰһʱİ׷ûôԵġ
ſڸʲôŭȻǸı顣
ôʲô𣿡ŭһǰ£еؾʵ
ףѲ鵽˴ɩ˷ϰ庬ǣҿ϶ͬһ֯ġһ˵
Ŷϸŭüһ壬ǰ㣬Ȼʮֹע⡣
ǣһ㽫ϵ˷˵˱飬͵µҲû£Ϊ˴£С¿Բơ
ŭȻбһƬߵǸ˹⣬ͷ֮ޡ
һܵŭеɱεҡҡͷŽĸµ˲Ѫȣ̤ʬǲ˽Ķˡ
һɼ˹ȥæ룬һҪ֪浽дʲôȻʳѰŭ
һͷʵףǱô£Ҿڻȫαü壬˫Ӫ᲻⣿
ŭͷһļ򣬵ⲻҪᴦõģڱüǵѣȲȥܡ
Ǻиˣ׶ע塣һ˵߳鷿
ŭ΢΢ЦСӵʮ־ȣˣ²ɡ
һصԼԺӣݷСڴ죬û˯һĵĻ䶼ת㣬ĵҸ
һģ˿̣¶ȫһųϵҳңǸжˬһ̵ػš
ҪŽȥͻȻԺһͷ֨ѽһˣһת౧ǰѽ͸Ľ˳
ү㻹û˯һһ¡
ţջôˣ˯𣿡һ࣬ʼɫʮѿ
˵ͷͻȻүɡ
ãǳȥɡһƺصӣҪѰ
һǰһӳŸҹǲŸ
һߣĻҲͣˣݷｿһᡣջˣǸࡣ
СȴǲֻɫЩأ͸һ˿͵İ׹⣬̾һֲܾԤԽԽǿңʹԤĻȴû쳣
СôˣݷСı顣ɹʵ
ûûʲôүˣ˯ɡСӶŴߣӣʮ֮ǰļ֮գһ졭
һ˳ǽ̡Ӧòŵ˭ˡ
ʼɣҿ⼸㾿ʲôһߵĶЦ⼸ħ붷ʹõһЩཻһ£治٣ԼҲǳ
һ𳤽೤ѽڴ񼶵ı
һѹֵĳ͸سһı֮Ϯһͬʱһϯһ
̶ֳȵĹȻκβһһܹسֱһȭıɢһɢĻľɲʱһ˪
һܵز಻̫ԾĹԽԽϬ䷢ҰްĵͺȫƴĴ򷨡
һûֹóڷйŹеطƷйȥ
һһµ֦֮棬û򣬴Ӳƴ
ƺʧȥǣ˫ͻȻīɫ˻ƵشһǰֳһֻӰ
ģˡһƿڴžһ֦ýϣһ͸ĳ˳ȥڿת˼Ȧڵ϶˲ͣ
һЩЩһɴǰһǰĵڵأնʱѪ˿˳ɼһһƿɴòᡣ
ȫѹī̵ĹâɢһǰʹүղŲ֪ôҾͿƲסԼˡ
߻ħˣˣɡһһֽس˹žһǰ档
һߵһɽ£ͷ
ɡһʾ£ӿռָͳƿƣһƿӸࡣ
˵˵׷ʲôˣһһھƵʵ಻˵Ҳµ֣ôһĮĺʹģ϶ŵǸŮˡ
ץƿһͨ徹ȻЩһľѣһﻹһ֡
үҽˡ໺ֿʹŤһ
㰮ǸŮûиɣһʵ
ү˵ֻҪҸͺˣǴ۾Ҷʹ࣬ʹ࣬޷ܡıЩˣսָؽڶˡ
Ǹ˶𣿡һʵ
֪ûǸˣҼҷɱɡɷ˵
һЦҡҡͷû뵽ྐྵȻᰮһŮ˰ֵزʲôŮֵһ֮أһǶŮ˲һ˿档
һٴʵ
˵ͷԭһȥ˱ӪԺµţϹ䡣ͻȻ䣬㿴һĨϤӰȻǸŮ˴ɴȻһϳǼƲţ׷ȥǸŮ֪ں׷㽫һƧĵطͣ
ҲҸ˵Ҹȴпʹࡣİʹ࣬ҪȥǸˡŮȴظ˵飬Ҫκϣ˵ѾȫǸˣѾݲκһʲô˵Ҷɱ
Ů˵֮ˣʹࡣ
Եһڽнеľƿ÷飬ԱӴʱ棬֪жôʹࡣ
һοļ򣬰鱾ˣҲʹࡣȻͬ࣬ȴǺǸŮˣһȫȫޱذһ˵ŮˣΪǸκ飬ǰħ
鱾ûдʹڰ˲ðˡ鱾äĿģˣ˭ֹܵסԼأ


260 ÷˵


ôƽһȥˣԺԽĬһôҲڲסع¶
ҲһƨƵĵһһþ¿γ̣һ汦ʵľһΪ֮գڱӪǼﶼͣزʸָ⣬һΪھսķһȴһΪ磬ʼʶһ֮Ĳ࣬ĵ׶һĸҲ΢
ʮݷһͬȥȻɽׯĺ˳𸴣ǽ˼һͬȥɽѰǧǰࡣóݷʵһȥʱһѵ
򣬽򣬵ȵҡϹ׷һ
СôܹһɻʵʮûпϹܿܵӰ
ȻǸһȥӪˣ״ӦˣԺҾ͸ˡϹ˷ܵЦ
Ҫһ죿ôСԲǸࡣһЦ
ʲôϹԲ˿࣬ý㲻ǸһŮܵҲܲ˵ءϹָһһװر
һٺЦ˼ýǰ컹ޱӣ㲻Ҳһɡ
˵ʲôأʲôʱˡ߳ŭصһʼȷʵΪѵ̫̲ס˼Ŷǳùرһˡ
þûްɣԸСֵСжࡣֻҪ˱ӪҿɲŮСħʦʲôأһɵͬﲻĿҪܵӦĳͷһɫ
˵ûСҪҪΪħʦͿ͵ֵȺħʦҪʿһģӪʿ֪˶ٱϹ󵹣ħѵڻأտʼûǿԸˡ
ÿˣѾˣȻܼҲܡϹᶨ˵
ȻǾ͸߰ɡһЦϹȥ˫Ӫһʦ˵ĵطֻҪסˣܿء
򣬵»ȥʱɲȥҼҿ㰡;УϹһ
ΪʲôһЦʡ
⼸춼һȦˣ춼費˼أʱﶼ֡ѽ϶ǵ˼Ϲһ
һٺһЦҼֲԶôҰ
Ҳ֪ŮӶֵֹģ֪ʲôϹС˵
ˡһһϹһЦػ鲻ٰ˵ʵ˼ˣ
Ϲ룬ָЩй׹ֻ
ҪҪҽУһٺЦţȴСҲͦ͵ģССͱ椣ǰ;
ððϹ˫ð⡣һż񰡣ʵǿ
ʱһϹߺߵضһٽ̻СҸ߲
˸״ʲôһû
˺ܿ㵽˱Ӫ˫Ӫһķ˲ѳƣǱ뺷ϢԶԶԸܵ
һϹħʦĶУ㿪ʼһĳѵѵֻԽҰԼװǱ
幫ĸԽҰħʦԾ˿ͷǵĸر˫Ӫʿ֮һǾǵҪҲʮѡһûһڹ涨ʱģյģලѵʿٿǺħʦħʦճ鲻
ò˵˵ǱģڳԾ˿ͷнһħʦԴˣ಻ܴı֮ǰҪϲ٣ǿĺôǶǿԸܵģڽֵ÷ǳԡ
һƶýƲοǰӵģʽ´ʿ̭ƣֻҪֵµʿΪԼһĳҪ㣬ÿһε̭սӮ˾Ϳԭȵĳ١һôǾӼľΧܴٽйٱµʿ˾ƴѵľҪԼĳ٣ٵѹҪֵµıȹȥǻ˰пѵ뼤ҵľ֧齨˫ӪԳٶȳɳš
幫ĸԽҰϹ󻹼ˣȻûд꣬ûа;ϣŵװǱȴûǱӲݴʱΪһСʱȫڱһܶݴɳ֮ġϲ϶̣̲סӣͻලٵһ⡣ʱϹҪˣСǱ۹ıܹ˶Դˮϵħ⵽ݵĻ򣬱϶Ƥˡ
һѶȥû𷣱޴Ϲüල٣ݺݵϹһ٣ʱϹίؿˣĵر֤һɶˣֻһʮĺӰ
Ϲ緹ûԣһ˹һ߷
Ӻ㱾Ҳ֪˭ظ˵һܼġһЦϹ¡
Ϲһ죬˽ĺ׳ʵû뵽ѵô̬
һϹתһ͵İ׹ûıϣֲѪӡ漣ʧˡ
ҴСûȹ⣬ʵʲϹΪʲôһϵħ
ʲ㣬һԽʱ㲻ͳĳ١ڶԷʲôãѵӲпᣬûᰤᡣȻҲѡҵ˳һЦ
Ҿ˳ȥԷϹվ
Ļзԣͱˡ⣬Ҹһ㣬԰ɡһϷһӺ˳һ׷һˡ
лл򡣡Ϲķǳǳʱͼˣӹ
ˣҸղֻӸǸһΪʲôôң϶ǿҲ˳ۡϹﺬŷǹƽ£ŸͲʲô
һıǱĿľǲõ˷֣ʵʱһ˵һ¶Ŀ꣬ߵս⵽ĴһӰ쵽սĲ֣˵ϲء
Ϲ˼һڷվˣһʧġ
׾ͺãУԺڱӪﲻҪҽҪоְκ˶ҪˡһЦ
ǣϹžһһܵʿмȥˡ
Сӣúòһسɴһ漴ʧЦˣôˡ
һѵܿˣɢ֮Ϲ뱱۵̱˵ϡһֻһһҼ˷ɹŸ
һȥɡϹ̧ͷ
һ֪СҪȥϹܿǣϾϵδޣȥҲӦõġ
һϹԶȥıӰĵЩʧ䣬ϹܿδޣȥӦõģֻĵԾЩĸоһûһϯ֮أ
һȰĺʧıѡ
ףôˡԶһ
˵˹ȥһ§סϵĹˡ
ҿĺӣܿˡ÷űٵϧ
ף֪𣿡Щʵ
÷ҡҡͷ̾㸸ʵܹģʹ˵ҲóǸҪӣӰ쵽壬ԡ
֪ģסЩį
ˣˣ㸸ֻǻͷϣˣҿղŵӣƺżҵĶСͦкøеġ÷Ц
аҲŲϲءŤ׻뵽ղ׿ˣһ߾
𲻳ˣҲǹˣϲϲʲôóϵġ÷ЦʱҲһֵ
ϲʲôãٹЩҪȢϹСˣʲô㡣ͷŤ½ǡ
ϲҪȥȡǲֻһ˺ã÷˵
ô֪ܣֻϣҵһλãƺҲû˼һЩε
ŮôƯҾͲɫСӲϲҪռһϯ֮أ׵и취÷˳һ˵
ʲô취ϲ
÷ЦһŮĶֹ
⡭ôУСʱȾһϼѩ׵ĲӶ˸ͨ͸
˵оһУΪԼҸһ㡣׳һʱˣٲȥ㸸׾ҪˣҪŬһֱ֪ҵŮʱġ÷ŮԴ뿪ˣշ̵ı𼸺ʱסŸ


261 


÷˻ص˱øֱȥ˱۵鷿
ô𣿡̧ͷӭȥ
Ѿ˵ˣүĺ𣿡÷˲޵ĵ
۽Ӱɳ£ԼҲס÷ȴԼүѵõߺ˿˿ġ
Ƿô꣬㻹Ųϲٰɣ۶Լ廹ǶԼкôģֻҪżҵϱǱü岻Ϳż𣿡ӵ丧Ūţ۾ȴһ˿⡣
ȻҲͷˣү÷˻û˵꣬һΰѾ˱۵УѾûóҵǾÿ֮ôһŪ֪ɵȥˡ
۸ŪӵеشȴżЦݣֻ鶯糱ı÷עôడ
үҪ鷿÷ɵƾܡ
°ıĹ˵ô࣬һѽӵ˺ͦṇ̀һʱ鷿ӡ
һдϹܿ㵽ϹۡλδүܵϹµ
ϹֱӽһϹܿסԺӡ׽ЦԼȥɣ϶Ҫ˵ˡ˵꣬СһûӰˡ
һԥһԳЦЦԼĵôСˣǸŮŴ̤߽Ժӡ
ԶԶأһϹܿһɵļҾӷԺˮƵСľϣһͷںڵĳôٲ䣬ȴûͷ治СӡıӰį񾲣һԹѾʶػεţҲ¶ţҪ֪ǳѩڻûء
ϹܿʱӣһЩ̫ϰߡӡϹܿͺܵϹһúöҸڵȻȴЩˣܾǷ
һ˹ȥıҲһֻǶСϪеŴ
ӣҺˡϹܿƺ뵽ʲôͻȻǽһһ
ΪʲôҰҵ𣿡һȤʵ
㵱ȻôϹܿ˵֣ͻȻӦˣתͷŴָһ
Ϲܿգգ۾ȷԼǰǻþŵȴһµСϪ
һڴˡôϹܿˤȥأֻһǰһ죬Ϲܿ֫ħ֮Уһ˶Ƶ˻һ˫λεĴ۾ߵһţ벻磬һŵµζԼ
ɫǡϹܿ˼֮ͻȻһݺݽһƿȴСϪĹԵس浹ȥ
һϹܿˤСϪ֮Уͷʪ˸ͨ͸ǱشϪȻʺܺãȻˤˮҲǷǳģ¶ýֱ
ⲻҵ£Լƿҵءһһ޹
ǹģϹܻܿϪȥ
һٺЦŸȥʱϹܿԼΪıء
Ϲܿ뷿¹ó·Ҫ⿪ϵ·ͻȻһתһһЦվķ
㡭ʲôŮӵĹ뷿𣿻ȥϹܿǰһ˳ȥһŹˡ
ʪ£Ϲܿ¶壬ͦɵ飬ϸϸ֫޳ĴȣһǼƷ壬ͻȻɫ߻᲻͵أ͵͵ܿ˿·ٶȲҲ֪Ϊʲô뵽һĳ壬Щġ
Ϲܿڴ·ţһͤˮУûɵһĲȻû͵£ϹܿԼҲ˵
ղû͵һ·Ϲܿߵһǰһѽҧŵ
񾭣㿴Ҷվˣ͵𣿡һû˵
ߣٶô죬˭֪أϹܿеҧȥһƺֹӣɵһ۵˵ʲô˵ġ
һϹܿҧҧڣٺЦ˵Ҳûˣ涼챻Թˡ
ҳҼҵ㡭ޡ㾹ҳĿˮϹܿͨţղһǱҧˣϣʵﷴ̵ġ
ãҵĿˮɲһܳԵģɡһЦŵ˵Ϲܿıӡ
Ϲܿ˵ˣòŵҸǳҵ𣿡
㵱ȻˡһЦ
Ϲֹܿס¶һ˿Ц⣬ȴӲ˭Ҫ룬Ͳ
Ҳ֪Ǽ˭ҡһҡͷ̾
ߣǻΪܰΪİϹܿһ䣬۾ȴȻʮֲ
Ҳģܳ˰ɣ뵽ʧߣ뵽費˼룬ֻһһЦųϹܿ
Ϲܿת촽ôҲ̲סͻ˵˭Ű
ţʵҲţûʲô˰һʼ磬תߡ
ϹܿһӴƶ˵ȵףŭתһˣһֻܹȥһסۿֱתޱίô㵽Ҫô
һˣһŮ˵ֻϲнˣٷְϲˡʵһŸоϹܿô˼ȷ˭ÿһǴֵģɴ˵ʱ¶࣬ҪݷҪȥӪҲûôࡣֻǽϹôһ˵ĥűˣʵϹܿĸԣչҪһиܱûðɡ
һɵŲϹܿĸоˣݺһϲһűﱼȥ
һҽһŽţһץסϹܿܿ˵
ϹܿعͷỨһһȥϹܿϵˮṴ°ͣеԽڻ
ϹܿĶֱ۾Դ΢΢ү𣬵ȴ۵ĳǡ
΢ŵĺ촽һǲͷ촽ϮȥڼʱȻһɫȻò԰ף˵ʲôɿϹܿʧԺ
ҺˡϹܿỨغһǣȻоǰһգ۾һӰǸо裬Ϊһˣ


262 ֮1


һŸӶȥڸղţͻȻܵСڷţ֮Ҳ˲ϹܿˡСѪĹȻǿԸܵġ
һһŸԼԺֻţٴаСſڣһʼһ
һԸоСڷȴֵûκЩɻ󣬵ֲðȻȥ
ô£һ߽ͳʵȻǺܺá
үģղСͻȻǣ˵ү֮ⲻ׼κ˴룬Ȼ롣൭ļǵСʱصı顣
Ѿͷڸʲô˼ҿԽȥǰɡһЩ
Ӧǵġ
һŶܵһ쳣ǿĽϵûκã׾ٵش͸ȥΪС֮ѪĹϵ
һ磬һˣֻһƬڣϿȴķǺһ£ͺһ㣬嫲߼ʣһСﰡСȫ롣ȫֵɫģһͷ޷ƮԵĿ顣
һСһʱ䲻֪Щʲô֪СڶµûӦԤ԰ɣʲôԤԻС˿ٵأ
үˡСͻȻһƮƮأһ̾Ϣ
Сڸͣѵ֪ڿ𣿡һｹ
үΪҵģֻʱģʩԶصҵϡСûһػֽŵǰļ֮賿ʱ֮£ʱǻʵսʱҿ֮۹
㲻°ɡһ޵ĵ
ү仰СҲ޺Сһ
ɵϡһЩᡣ
үʱ޶࣬˵֮գسȥ֪ͨһǵع̻ᡣСЩе
һͷŽൽ̻һˣ֪ͨ˸ŭ÷ʵ֪֮աһЩýʬʲô̻ᣬطǹĶ
һٴ߻СµؽСЩү㻹С𣿡
ȻҵŮˣҲ˭أһ϶
㽫·ѹСǰ𣿡СЩϲ
һԥˣͳ˵ѪϵСҲ˺ȻˣΪʲôҪԥء
ǿ³ԣСյ˫ȴʼûпźŻɬĹ
أǿͻȻƻðת΢ǹ㼯һһСϡ
ʱţһ֪һƬɵǺ֮УֻŶںľ̾۾оԼƺƮ޾ǿƮ
ƴǵĹ̻ᱼȥڼ֪֮һģÿһεؼ֮նǹ̻һƽ٣ʱʼصĹ̻ᣬֱڶһĳֲŽ
֮ȶһμ֮ǼˣʱĴڡ
֮ôģΪǸǵĹ̻ᣬܵһ˺
һײ˹̻ѹرյĴţ̾ʮ̹ʿ뽫֮Χס
ǵأҪǵ̡໷һȦ˵
˵ʲô飿ȥһ뿴īɫͷЩ죬ش
ҼүͨһҪ飬뵱˵൭ĵȴܹˡ
ү˭ղʵ翴겻򵥣ӦĪһĸ֣үĪҪɡ
Ŷ١൭
ʮ̻ʿ뾪ɲŶȻ֪ʲôعֳľʵҲ̻йעţ̻ʲôأ
ʱһŻ׺ӣѩ׼һ½ߣͷŮӴӽõ¥Ʈ
̧ȥȻһıɲʱڻӰ٣ڵЩţʹ࣬ôŮӣһģŮӼȻҲЩȣŲ΢΢һºָֻ
ˣұ̾к£ͷ۾ʵŨĹϢ˸еʮġ
عٴһûκηӦŮӣҧҧҼүҹ֪ͨʱǼ֮գ׼
֮գе˼Ϊ̻Ĺʿ룬Ǳ˭֪֮մʲô
ͷ˿ɫʱѾʱԶˡ
ү˭ͷʵ
̣˵үżĶү໹ĩش𣬸ղŵȴ
֣ͷļ뽿һںͷĶֹһЩʲôͷɫٱ䣬ͷһף񻤽̽硣
һףǴŹ̻ᴦڼΣ״̬˵½Ĺ̻ᶼ⵽ԵĴ
ǹ̻˶ŵؿʼսûһһǿİ׹ǹõֱգʾں̵ܶʱڴ½
ʾһ˲ǻȫʧбȥеŴסе˶֪̻һ״ʲô
񻤽̽翪һɫĽΧá
û뿪ֻǲԶظŮӵߵ͸ġ
ȻŮͣסŲתߵǰ
ȥɣûбҪ¡ŮƽˮһĲ
Ҳߵģ˵ʲôҶߵģұսȭͷǰȴԶߣʹĪڴˡ
ŮӲòŴЩʵΪʲôƺΪүѵ㲻ˣ
Щ̧ͷڹ𣿼ֻѰĹģҲĸԸ
ΪһҳүˣүûҵжҪʱҾͻȥġ
ŮЩʧڶ³һɬЦݣһ㶼û䡣


263 ֮2


賿ʱȻǵһ㵭
ʱбһԲƵͻȻȱһӣǱҧһƵġģȱԽԽƺڱʲôɡ
ǵĹãͷɫصգ֪ȫڰ֮ʱǵĽѾͻῪʼˡ
ڣȫʧȻһ±ɭ꿦꣬һĥڸһ߾߲Ұ׵úͽʬӵ˳ģ˵Ļħ޵ġӰͻȻ̶֣ХҲʼˡ
Щ۳ӴţǵسǵĹóȥֵЩ鲢ƻ;е뽨ΨһĿɢʹĹϢĹá
ˣеĹʿһǧˣǸţͷðȻй񻤽̽磬˿ܸǸİȫУ֮չ̻ᶼ˲أʵ̫ˣôҲɱΨһľǿ
ʱŸСǿսڣȫʱ¾ҲȫʧˡСȻ͸ýӡ͵ɫâۿͻȻƮлɬԽԽ죬ƺĹ㽿ϵɫҲԽԽֱ۾
ǧϹⶫ֮תơСһ˫۴󿪣ɫâһţƮɵ㷢ȻһתΪ׷׵ý͸
ǿתԽԽ죬γһУСһƵĹâС֡һɫĹ
СϵâˣɫҲ԰׵ؽ͸һ˫͸Ƴˡӿл䣬˼ȻеɣϷһĨ΢Ц
еĽɫһĶͷ
ʱŸһƬ⽣Ӱ֮Уڰʿڰʦǿй˽Ÿ˼Ҷпս
ŭɫָӣЩڰʿ⧲عŸһʼ˲أЩطЩʿǴ롣ʵߣҲʹѪǶĩ֪Ķǿ־أŸʿԽԽرǺڰʦĺڰħһŸ˼ڹϵħʦܵõȥˣŸʱֻʮħʦܹһٶڰħʦԿ
ԮԴԴϵصִס˾档ҪȻżضҪԪ
ŭĨһ亹ȵҽЩаĶˡ
û˺ڰʿıڰʦʼɢһսѽˣصʬŨصѪζ
˶ûз֣һĨӰһסԺڰΪһ壬ſڵţȻû˿ز
СŽɫֵһĶͷŽɵ壬ϵЦԽԽá
ڽɫֻʣһСʱСЦݺȻһͣһƬ䣬üȴԳһ˿Ľ֮ɫ
˵еԤʦȻϡһ̶ЦǿսصһӰԳΡ
˭Сʵȴȫӿн͸ٶȡ
㲻ֻ֪Ҫ֪ĳƻϷƽ⣬Ӱһ˵꣬һڹСĺ󱳡
Сһ˿Ѫһҧ͸һɫס˺ӰĹ
ߣڵҵĺڰħɷӰһһӣ޴ĺӰѪȵɷӲͬķС
СŨŨľ˿ȻĿɣȻϵɫȻǿнеĽɫһĶͷȴͬʱӰУƺһһѪƫеһؿڡ
һͷŽɫȫֹסѸܵСΣգҪѹ
һѻǿĺڰ֮ƾճ֣ΪһڹСš
Сȴ˿ûиоֻǳճյעǰһҪ࿴һİˣҲԹ޻ڡ
ǵһһֹֻȰͷץס͸Сĺڰ֮
һ۾Ѫĺâһڰֱ֮
һӾŲڤдɢŴ̹ǵ֮


264 ֮3


һŻһϢС촽°ͽԹѪ˿͸˫ԽԽȻճžźһ˿ĩ֪㡣
һˣ͵ŭʹʧȥǣʱֻһͷɱ쵰ι
ȥһһڿն𣬱һӰӰþѹħȴϢضס˺Ӱ·ʧȥǣȻӵս̣ΪȫΪһֱѪҺ
ӰЦűܹһӰô̶ЦƾҲɱң
ӰĻո˵꣬ͻȻоǿҵħһͻȻðһȦĺâʱһѹħҲˣʱضɽҡСµǿս籾ΪС˶һըɴˡ
ţȻһƵıըԺӶʼҡȻ֮ţϽǰȥһŷһһ㣬һΪһƬ档
һ̽ŸǰսսĻ񾭽ŭըĵطԺʱ̴ͷ˹ȥеϣС˵ϡʲô£ŭ׳־ͻᱻĥȥ롣
ŭһѸָϵ˷ԺӵľŭþڷڵţһץסؼŲô£أ
ϴС档ţֻǽػһ䣬˦ŭֽ
ŸʲôϽڡŭغȵ
ŭĻҪǰʱͻȻһдܳһӰӰƮʱŷĻлһ۹ŵŮʧȥʶŮһͷ͸İ׷°ѸɺԵѪ
һЩľȻرС˫Ŀ˵Ѫ˿Ѫɱ˶ҿ
ϴ󡣾ʲô飬Сôţȴǲܲ˵ܵһǰĵʵ
һûд𻰣Сסķ䣬һŷûܵ
СڴϡһڴϣֽסС˫֡Сûһ֪Сŵȴûзصϣʱѽͽƿˡ
ʱһһЩԿ϶ӰϴδɩϷغӰͬһˣǱСأʲôĿġȻСĴڷԽԽǵˮдʲôأѵǻʵսˣֱûô򵥡
ϡҪҲǺӰᣬһҪһҧгݵص
ŭ˽պһҧгݵԹ֮Źϣһߵϡ
⾿ôһ£ŭʵ
һع侲һЩǸӰϴȥɩǸӰϢǱСʱڴĽͷУ˲Сˣʱƴ˼УˣҲˡ
ŭüͷһ壬ӵ˼ǸӰǱǳСģصŮʲôݣǰԺЩڰʿڰʦҲרΪעɳأĿľǶߵŮ
ĪһˮʯǸԻύ㴦áʵңΪʲôǻλŮôȤŭĿ¶⣬ֱֱעһ˫
СԤʦһ˭ܸߵģεϮСѾ¶ҲҪŭˡ
ΪԤʦһСɫ㷢˵
Ԥʦ˵ԤʦŭȻվЩָСʵ
ûǴ˵еԤʦ˴ǡ꼫֮ԤԿ۹ĩƣȴʩбϮһ˵ͻȻһ£ԺͻȻ˼ҵİ棬ܿʧɻ֡
ôû£ŭЩŵʵСκһᵣƫƫԤʦԤʦôʵ̫ˣܶսԤ⣬żʤҪӴ󼸷ˡ
һȻһ̾أҵû취ȡ
ȥǵḶ́а취ŭһüͷŵǴ˿̹ǧ鹥ֵ֪ܼܲ
һվ̻а취Ҳ˵̻ᣬҪȻ̹˭С


265 ֮4


ǻʹĳƫƧԺһӰϢسеһ鷿Ӱȫɫ۰ֻʣֻ۾⡣
Ӱסؿڣ촽ĺڽ˿˿Ѫ
մ㣬ȴϹ۾㲻áӰͷժ£¶һŲҰԲûҪֳʵĴη壬Ӳ̬ƫԤϡ
˴һҩޣеɫҩ£Ŀϣڹ
ʱӰһóһɾͷϡ
ϼݵ洫һ
Ӱոӭͼս̤
ϴкҪ£Ӱûһ񣬷վһʵ
սһҲΪ⣬ӷʮӰʦǷ
޷ʲô飿Ӱʵ
ʦʱ̻⵽ĹǷҪȥԮһ£Ͼ̻ԹҵȶҪáս˵
£򲻿ɣʱǰżڻһµľӱס;бҪźӰ
ʦ˵ֻ粻ǰ»ᴫʲôԻ岻ս֪Сֻǹ̻½ӵмߵӰһָ̻۹Ƕս˵ѩϼ˪
²õģ֮շеʱ̣ǰ½ԲֻӡӰЦ
Ǿʦ˼ǡսЩȷʵ
֮յǲ֮أ¿ԵһֽıԵҡźװװӣʱίʵ̫๥ȥʱ˭ָأʦЦ
սȻȥЦʦţоʦߣ֮
²ض񡣵¾֮ұ㾡ȫΪıʦ￴ϲ
úãȥţʦˡսŰϷȥˡ
ʦսʧıӰЦãֹסЦսսעֻеһӣֻȴ֪ǿɱɱ
ʱǵĹã񻤽̽Ѿʼе˶ֲ֪˶ñˣʱӭѪսһǧ˲ֶ֪ܹá
ΰĹ񰡣ʥʵͽϴһеʥաͷŮӸ߾еĹȣһ͵عâֱΧǵصʥ⵽ҽŻҷ
Ůʩʮʶһ飬ѾҪ֧Ųסˣűɱȱһӱǰ˺̵鲹ˣɸоһΡͨʮ־¹Ϣأ֮յȴǳ˷ܼһ㲻ܲ˵ǰ壬סɱ˸еһ١
ڲԶʱʱעһҡΣȥסȴɵض㿪һ˵࣬̾һ࣬ҵĶֻǸˣ𣿡˵꣬ųصĽŲǹ̡
̣̽翴ӺܿҪˣѵû취𣿡Ůʵ
ͷŻ׵ĺҡҡͷ֪̾Ϊʲôÿεļ֮նù̻˲أƽã飬аʬֿSħ޵鶼ˣ޾ĵͼ飬ֿ̽סǵĹ
Ůʱ䣬ʱ»жʱһηǳʱ䣬ȵʱ¹ѱ̤˽£ԼǷҪߴ˵أĲΪΪźֻҲеǸܼһǸöãжôİ뿪жô
Ůӵ۽ǻ䣬ǿĵһӰԺﲥţΪһ̾һҺ㡣
ŸһţúÿԵСһ˳ȥ
ģ󼯻𣿡һŸǵصĸ飬ȻҲ⣬纣һĺڰϢһͦ
һ˲ô̻࣬ȥǷһЩ֮ĶЩжȻʼһҪе鶼ûһ˿϶
һֻӳһʥ⣬ΧһȦʧʥһԣһֻòͣùϵħЩ𲻾ԽԽơ
һһҲǰ취ȥµѲ͵һһһһȦȦĽ֮ʬҰڵʨӺ𣬵ʧ֮ԹԻЧ
˴һעҪʧˣ鲢ʨӺµһȦ⣬Ȼ֪س˹ЧȻ΢΢ˣһʮֲ⡣
ǣһĹȻĴBOSS߻ƽûа龹ȻΧ˹һħƴһ֮󣬱֪ߵˣϾȻƽû˼ӡ
ʱһ׼֮յĿ£̻еֻʱѱˣЩĹЩԲˡ
ģͨͨӳһ˲ôˣСϻС뻹пޱӺڰԪռٻ˳ǿ޹ƣһԥһ֮ûó˷֣ҪΪ½ˣƣ˭˲۲
һǲһλBOSS±Ƶûл֮һ룬ʮ˾߳Ҳٻ˳ʵʱ̰
һϵùȻʮ߾߳÷ϵĺڰϢһʱʱسű޹BOSSѡֵȴǵͼ顣
ʱ߻ƽñɢܣȻΪһڹǰƽϵĺڰһɶȵڰ⵽ʱҲȡͬķ˼λBOSSĺڰڵɾȻͻȻ˼֣һ±òһˣڶۿ˸⣬ǹ졣
һڿԳֵĿ϶϶ǲʶˣҪȻ˴ЩĪĵģʶ֮Ŀˡ
һһӰӹٶȱ֮ǰ֪˶ٱ
ǧүʧźáһ૵ӲĹʼ
кâ˸ڻӦһ
ˣ֪㲻ᱳҵģɱȥ֮տǰһظоһ˿񲨶鲻ɴãЦɱ˹á


266 ֮5


ֻһƵĩЩֹˣĲٶȳ֮⣬нٶȱ쳣ѾԶǲɫ粨ԽԽ죬֧Ų˶ʱ䣬ļ٣ŹܾСء
ʱһͻȻ˶ԼĳطĺӰϲĻôˣӦǺڰǰˣ˵а취ԸЩɶ顣
Сӣ˵˭ϲġһͷʶ㴫ӰëȻ
ι֣ҵ˼룬ĩ̫˰ɡһֱӺӰķŭ˵
ҿһֻǼ㱻Χĳ䣬Ȼôʶ࣬ҿ˻ȥˡӰٺЦ˵껹Ĵʶʧˡ
һԶǲԽԽĽ磬ֻ÷ι֣Ҵˣ㶼һ˸Сƽϲʧݡ
˼䣬Ӱ³һʶ֮ڣЦϴϿҵķϣ˼ҲøСƨƽϡ
ʲô취ҰһЦʡ
ҲԣôӦһӰЦ
ʲô˵һɲɵҪ˵
ҲΪ㣬пպȥһʧ֮ǡ»صǸڰռӰ˵ڰռʱƺЩ
ô֪иڰռ䣿һʵ
ٷϻֻܴ𲻴ӦˡӰ
û⣬ֻʧ֮Ǳ֮ȫˣǺڰռҸ֪ˡһ˵
Ҫܡа취Ӱ
ڿԸʲô취ԳЩɡһ
ǵռָڤȰɣóѪ棬ĬҽԿ㷽Բ֮Ȼܹƻƽĳ顣Ӱ˵
ڤȣһЩͿʲôʱӵڤȰ͹ġ룬ͻȻһǵħȫһһķȰɡҲųʧ֮ǵĺڰռ䣬ֻʱˡ
һӿռָóǸ˵ӡڤԥظָѪ档ظźӰʶĻɬ
ͻȻһڹ⣬Ҳ˱仯ԭѿƤһڷѪ˿һ鲼ϣһͷΪһŭͷֻ۾ȻҲѪѪģʮֹ졣
һĬĬڤɢϢеڰȴеǽ֮Ϣ̫ˡ
һźӰĽѰڤУɲʱ䣬ǵȫֹͣ˹ǱǰɱȥĻһÿƶһǰһ鱻ƣһơһһٶȻһ㣬ΣΪһ֮ڵ鶼סˣҲζվûκ谭ǰͦ
һҪϵʱ򣬹û̽ϰٵĳع飬û谭ǰӿȥϢ뽩ϵĶζһ˼Ż
һ˲䣬ʿһѩ׵ǽɱ飬ǵľʥƬգǰ黯Ϊ˻ҷɡ
Ϊ˱İˣ಻Ҫس嵽ǰʿһͬԴԴϵֻһĿأǾΪȡһĻҲ޺ˡ
ȻĹϵħЧٸҲܲס֮鰡ЩȼһЩļѾˡ
ѩϼ˪Щƽã飬аʬȳ鿪ʼʿɵǽǿSħʵ飬û±忪һȱڣź޽սʵļɱʮǰļգۼ׷룬״Ҳ̶á
ʥʥҫ졣ͷ༸λߵȼ֮¼æó˹ϵħǿЩˣʥһʵĹǽһֵסǡ
ȱΧ㹥ǡͷͷ󺹵ش󺰣Щ𣬵ǵľһľһǧڽսͷʣˡ
ϵħЩ飬꿦꣬м߻ƽܶǿĹϵħɢˣаʬ밵Ҳ˼ֻǺͷȴԽΪ֪ǿȵĹϵħĵľǾ˵ģ˵֧ŵ֧ŰСʱͲˡ
ʱһ೤Х˹ɽ纣һУһӰԵĿ
һͷԱߵŮӽ૵һĿճյ˹ȥѵΰĹԼ
䣬ǿϵӿ޵ļзжʱ֯һƬֱ۴ֵ׵磬һƬƬɢζȥ޻֮ݲеһжֱˡ
ǿƣټһܹڤȿסԲ׵飬һܿƽ˹ǰ档һʮ˾߳ã޳ܵػзźڰ
һʱϵˣںͷҪֲȥʱʥ⶷֮նͻĳˣ㽻ֻˡ񹥻Ϊһĵֹͣ˹ôɵɵվһιʿһ㻮һƬ
ʱԾĹʿ׷ֹͣ˹ɻǰһзͷħ÷׷׶סˡ
ЩһŸʲôȥæѵҪҵıǶԶԸЩһ𣿡һǹʿǼ붼ɵһֹͣ˹ɲغȵ
ԣȥæͷѹЩɻһϵóǰаŮѧǿСȴ룬ƱһĶү
Ϊ˱鷳һڷɹʱ㽫ڤ˿ñ̻ЩΪ࣬ʱֲֺá
ͷֵؿŷĿ޺ͻ룬Сߺڰԣһ㽫ˡ
SSħ޿ޣ˵лϵ޻룬֮ҵüǹıӰͷ૵۾գҲգһʱΪʲôͻȻͣ
ʱһͻȻоһоϤĿͣϣȻ£תͷһżļ룬ѰŸղŸоϤĿ⣬ɨ˶Ȧȴûκη֡
ү೯һػ
࣬˵ôûȥԭæȻᣬﻹǻȵһļٺЦлΪղŸоϤĿ࣬Ͼֻʶࡣ
ֹҲɨһȦûз˵Ӱǵøոջڵġ
˰ɣȻԼĴڸ˿գǺαȥأԽĬ


267 ʥˮ


һ֪ͨ˿룬ԸǽЩʮ˾߳Ǳ߱ȥһǰһɲɢĺڰͻᱻգһҪģǲ̶ֳ֪ȡ
û޾ĵͼ鵷ңЩڿڶĹ·׷׵¡ܿ죬սˣΨһľǵȴ
һɲܺͷһı飬սһ㽫ޣԼڵͼеʮ˾߳ڰԪռ䡣
ү޻ĳͷȻţշSS޻Թã޻Ǵ˵лħ裬ôշġ
һüٺЦղ㲻ǿ𣿲ðΣǰǹ̻ᣬûһлл𣿡
ͷЦһӰǲʣһȦΧһղŻǶлŶٵĽ֮㣬ЩûһԼֵġ
ΪʲôЩͻȻˣɷ֮һͷŵһɻ֮ɫ
ܡֻҪﰲĵˣ֮һһС̰æһѽ;ƿݵСͻȻ
ʲô飿Ե岻ݴǡͷҲû׷ȥؾżһô飬°æҪΪ
һأûа취ָܹأһʵ
ͷ㶣ͷüͷҡҡͷϵħĩ¿ԽֻŴţ񼶹ϵħػشֻݹ½ֻ̻ʴﵽ˹ϵħʦľ硣Ҳֻͷʮһعϵ䣬ˡΪ
һҧҧʵѵû취𣿡
ͷһʹı顣һ̾Ŷٶǹд̿ý̻ʥʥˮά˵֮ôֻܿ컯ˡ
һ˳Ĭ֮СͷźڳգͦıӰ¼Ŷˡ
һӰϢسڹö㣬ħճǸ˵ӰȻǼȻֱͦɽȴȻܴظܵе˸С
һҪģеԶǿֵģԶǴ΢ЦأҪĺ𣿡Ӱ߼ۣͷָħƺ븧ȥһϵıˡ
һˮ۽ǻ䡣žһڵϣһ΢СỨӰϸС֣ͷϵĶժ£һͷƵīɫ㷢ٲ㻬䣬ʹȴһ޴Ѫɫ̥ǣǹ죬Ȼǲ½պİµ۹ʥŮ˿̣Ǹһǣ˶Ůˡ
˿£лʵԸʱٴμˣڹؼʱȴˣ֪ʲôȥΪ֪ʱһƣɡǰûΪԼĳԱУڰһһβָоȻⳤಢһ֮ĺ蹵ب֮Ī⡣
˿̾ôճյظһȲİˣһҲתƣҪúÿ֮ǰĿհ׺úõز
һҺ㣬ĺ㡣˿ţˮ޼ɵĴʪؿڵѡ
ߵĵһ͸Ʋʱе鷢һֽлΪһ׹ʧˣûʣ£Ũصʼɢȥӵƽȫʱӵáǹǰһٶ߹ʿʬף˭Ҳ뵽ôµ顣
շ׷״Ӵ̽ͷһйƽʱԸ˵ش˳ָֻ֮ǰķ֡
̻֮ͳƣ˴μ֮չǧñݻ٣̹ʿ˽ʮǼ̻ܵصĴǳεļ֮գڰ̻Ѹٷչ󣬲ҹȻȺڰ֮񣬶ֹ̻ҲȻⶼǺˡ
ǹ̸̻һŸŴԾɻԲѵСù̽һҡͷλȫʧʥˮɱһƽˡ˵ʵǹҪȻ˭Ҳ޷ֹ
һһۣߵڣ˭ҲȥҲУһ֮ڣһҵ취ġ
ͷЦһһ͵İ׹СϣȻСشӿռָͳһССƿӣһɷҷζ̳䣬òҲ֪ǺöбƿɫҺСĴ䣬ȻѸ͸ȥ
úͷҪջƿһһץסɿݵֽеţ˵ôҲһ̣ôôСιһЩǿ𵽸õЧ
ӴͷʹһŶٷ֣ͷҪˡ
һڨڨһЦ˸Ǹɿ֣۾ȴһ㶢źͷеƿ
Ŷ٣ҲԸιֻʥˮȻЧǿ󣬵ǷõԽԽãλ˵㹻ˣٶιҲӳ෴岻áͷ͵
һͷϿңӦòǼٻȻ̾ҴˣлĹʥˮ̻ҪƺҲͲˡ
ߺͷһڴɫСЩϲҲЩᡣ
ȻСĽë۾ӳıһĵĿ
үСҪ
һסСű𶯣ǲˣ˾͸в˵ӡ
Сɣһ΢ЦŲٶˡ
Źңûﲻһص飬ЦССʵ
СүҾûˡСһɫͻȻƤתǰĩ¶ġ
һЦСıѣؽ§ԼĻ
үСúҸ˿ȥСԴһʵŲţֻĻĩ˵꣬һĴ־ֵشηＷ˽ȥȵ˽ܻԲ
׼˵үڣôأһѰС˽ܴ˼ͷذȥ
ү㻵ССޱȽߵСȭͷһؿᴷ˶¡
С׽סһȼòצϸضһĿ˿¶һ˿ĵЦݣүѽսһתƵϣжڿ۹ԤԣЩʾʶ֮Уֻ;ܵǸһĴţ֪ûӰ졣˵棬СЩա
ʾʲôʾһɻʵ


268 


Сɫʮ־ɥѵЩʾûгɹһʶ֮Уʩʱõ˼ʾ뵽үʶ֮Уǰ׷ˡ
һЦЦ˫§СЦʱУʱĪǿûЩʾĩһ£ʱ޿̲ڱ仯ҿѡѰˣѰң𣿡
СʼùЩɵⷬͿԿǿţǡŮĵطһм˼ôһ˰ţʲôأ
ʱһͻȻҹļģĻ棬ĪЩƬξԤʾʣСҸı飬Ļȥ벻ˣԤʾҲûˡ
һظС͸İ׷ͻȻã׷ôΪһŮ˶һԹ޻ڵİ
ү첻ȥӪ𣿡ССèһһţʵ
첻ȥˣүҪúҵСһЦŵСľţСɼצֿʼݵض
١үҪС͵ŤеĽţȻ˵ŲҪ˫ȴҵһ︧š
һС½һѩ׵˳̺֮һסһţһֻצһߣǼѵصָ֡
һۺĴӡСǾ֮ϣרһıǡ
оС˽ܴʪһ½һֻӣȵĿɨС壬ĿͣСķۺ칵ʱϪˮ
үСн˫ȣֻеСһɹ顣èץһ㣬ȫƤɲǼ˵ķۺɫ
һصͷСȼ䴵һоСزغٺЦˡ
Сɵ˫ۣҧҧһƵ۴Щһ촽СͷȲĿ
סСһСһʱһ־ϵһҶһ׷
žžײһǿһҲ֪˶áСͲ̱
ͻȻһоһʪ⣬§סСһֹֻС°ͣȴСغΣ۾ŵȴûˮڶһͷһ£̵ġˮ
һû˵ƣֻǽģԲ뿪Ҳ
ƻʱ֣Ϲۡ
㣬ԺȥʲôҽȥմӱӪϹϹܿԺӣ겻ȥһ΢Цһҧгݡ
˵ʲô˭ȥǸϹܿתջԼĵܵܡ
Ͳ룬ô׸㲻ȥҿȥˣ˵ˣӪûȥءϹĵת͵Цǰȥ
վסϹҪԺŵʱԤеĺˡ
ϹܿЩŵܵܵܵǰʵʲôˣҪҪ
ҾͲ֪ˣֻ֪ϮŸϹĩ˵꣬ͼϹܿһƵ˳ȥ
ӲϾͲûдҰˣװʲôϹٺЦһ죬ҲȥҵСˡ
ϹܿɿܵŸ๤ǽڵذʲôģл˿˿ѪζһţҲܹӭˣֱһסԺȥżĻʶҲû
ϹܿܵһסԺʱһŵķݷ棬֪ôľͺۿ
쵰Ϲܿųһסķ䡣
һʱСڴϣս˼Сʱѳ˯ȥţظС͸㷢ȻϹܿ˵ĺոѾͷСеʱһƿˣϹܿŴʹſڡ
˲ˣһʱżʱȥŪ˵㶫ԣʱ˲½ˡ
ϹܿŴӵˣͻȻίô£ãӪûȥͱŮڴϷ
쵰Ϲܿźݺݹţһ˳ȥ
ĪŮˡһȻҡҡͷ㲻ѾͷǷʲôˡ
СǱϹܿˣΪŮ˵ȻŮ˵˼һүȥοһɣϾٹǾҪˡ
һ룬Ҳǣղű˵ƺΪȻ֪ΪʲôģȥοһûʱܵһŮˡ
һ£СĶͷһ±׷˳ȥСճյıӰΪһԤʦ˽״ɵʱ䲻ˡ
ϹܿܵŸĴԲһû˵ĵطݵļһһʵģϧ
쵰һҲϲ㣬㡣Ϲܿ߿ޱڵԼԭԼˣǰǣÿȴǸˣŪԼɬǺοأϹܿȴ֪ԼܲסԼģǻƲסȥȥҩɾˡ
ϹܿԽԽˣǱԽԽġ
ˣҼҵĻݶҪˡһͻȻӺ洫ϹܿһӯӯתͷһվڲԶĿʧС
ټʣҲҪܣҾҪޣҪޡϹܿһһʱ
Ҳǹ㣬ıᶾҼҵĻݲݡһٺЦ
㡭ˣң㡣Ϲܿվצسһ
һϹܿӰţһ§סϹܿСһ˵ǽһ
һĨδϹܿϸĲ÷ɿ졣ҪҪʱһŵĴȥϵ飬Ϲܿסˣһһ֯Уֻ֪ճյ۾
ңһ̲סġһϹܿеĳԣɵЦ
šϹܿͲ֪һ˵ʲôֻʶӦ
˵һ㡣һһظ˸ΣյĹâ
ˡϹܿһı仯ʼعֻһĴѾסķ۴
Ϧ£˽ӵһ˿ԶЦŵŮҶ


269 Ԥ


Ӿôţ֮ͨϰѲ𣬸÷յǹ̻ԪĹ̻Ժڰ̻ĲƣȴûʲôƵˡ
һӵSSħ޿ϵ޻鵹ûбȥԭһҪͷܡһЩڰʮ˾߳ãǴʱȫŨŨĺڰ֮УһҲûзӦڽ֮С
һҲйڱӪѵСϹܿżҲմ֣û³䵱ݵĽɫԽԽƵơڵıˣرһʱеĻɵҲóʲô˼
Ҫ˵һԱǧģžǿԵŮû뷨ǿ϶ǲŵġֻǱüǵҲһɲðȻ֣ԱԹʱװɵ
ҹһ§Сݶɹţɱûڵءһָ£˵Ĺͻͽر࣬ԴӼ֮չ·ƵҲǲҪļƣҲţڵķ辢˾һδͻ
ףˣǲ˵ѾͷôûһָϹܿÿջƻ嵽ŸϡȴӰһЩϰߡ
ү治֪Ǽٲ֪ٹҪϹСˣմ½ϰףǰŮǲܹġСЦһͷ׷¹Ʈţ϶·һ㡣
𣿡һʼ磬С§뻳Уڵÿ˯ʱ§ŸŮ˻˯ˡ
СɵɵĻУɫͻȻЩץסһ°ڵҲ˽
ôСﲻ𣿡һеزСĲԾǹеʵ
СҡҡͷԴһĻв
һˣСʵҡʲô£˵ƨɡ
С죬ץסһ֣Ĭ˰ΡһҪߵʱͻȻĵүҲ뿪㡣
һ۾ЩҪ뿪
ǵģֻǡСƺݡ
ûֻǣ뿪Ҳȡһݺݵ
СίĸСϱƵأĵүСʲô֪ʥˮֻάһһ֮ұʧ֮ϣ統ʦһ
һһᣬὫСסᶨģүȥء
Сͷ֪ʵ˵ǣʦһҿԽָԼ
ʲôô˵ȻǶԻָǻʲôһϲȻ˵СȥʵҲûףһ֮ܲҵذ취Ҳö֪
ΪСҲûаգɹôС
ڿǾҵһ껹ʦµĶ𣿡һӹСػҲ
СͷүΪСɣүѡʲôСڡ
һüͷʱᵽСĵ˼ãɲȵȵȣ쵽һʱûҵ취ǶҲ١
СҡͷУΪָҪãʱˡ
һ˰̫Ѩ˺ͷ϶Ļ˵Сǹûпָܻ
ȻѡǳѣһǸˣСˣѡصؿãһ˾̧ͷעС͸ӣͳʦµĶɣҵŮһʧ㡣
С΢΢ЦˣЦĺ˫ȴһһʧܣҲٲˡ
ʲôʱʱһʵ
ԽԽáС۾ȻգҲգضһĿ
һһ£ǲͱʾǰѵʱҧҧǾڰɣҪעʲô
СĽҲһص˷䣬һֲһ硣
С죬һɫͻȻƮ˳ڰɢ͵Ĺâ
Ԥ飬ԤʦĽᾧһһֻϧʵʮֲסʵСˮƽڼ֮ǲĿ겻ǰʵģֻܷһǿмԤŵĴʩʱ֪صĻֻаٷ֮ʮ޷ˡʱؾʦϮصĻʱã
ʦĶ𣿺ôһ̾оԣֻ֪쳣˸оǳ
үһܷԼԤĿռ䣬ԤүҪʱʱϣʧˣСҲزˡСԤУһ˵
ʲôԼԤһ𾪵ǿС
ǵģүѪĹϵоҵĴڣһоˣС϶ʧˡС
һЩңСﵽ׻᲻أ
үСͻȻһĻнסؿڲٰСһΡ
һС϶ص㣬Ҳ̲ססʱ̣СҪûа취ܾҲܾ
ǰĩмԷȡţ˺ŶԷѣ˰׻ؾһ𣬵һСֵСĿ飬һȻˣ֪ʵǿԼĵǿطݲκ˺
ղ첻֪ˣһл㱼䣬ͻȻоâȻ㷢ߵСӰֻƮһתŵɫӡ
һͻȻһƬ֣еܵӦԶƮ֡
СһҪһ૵еӽס֪СߣΪоϢ
ڷã˼СĵεΡ͸ƬƬߣһֱӣ³һһСԻġ
һһϵɥȻ»ָ˴ŵ㻵΢ЦɫԤһ£˿Ź˲ϣСʱʱоº
ȥӪˡСС
Ľл갡һ˳ȥһװı˫Ӫһʱ䣬Է˱仯
бƳһۣͻȻСû˯
ȻСһЦ
أʵ
һָؿڵЦųӪȥ
һͷˮ˰ΣһԶȥʼеȵҡ


270 


һڱӪĸߴŷѵ˫ӪʿǷһ˿΢ЦһʱĲпѵ˫Ӫѳƣе˶ͨµ׺ϸ׼ˣбҪһˡ
ϹѲǵǸޱӵСƨˣпѵĥʣʱ˫ӪʿһֻرܹһʿȭһСסؽڣһֻץסʺһʿˤʧȥ˷һɨȽһʿɨһʿľߡһ׶ˮֻһգ۵ʱ㽫ƻʿŵҽ񶷼ħϵ÷ǳλȻһСҲ츳Ŭֲ
һЦЦʱգСӱضɶһ档ڱοˣͻ˴ͳ˼ά󺣣սоĴһҲ̾ѣһѽΪһǧ˴ӵĴӳˡ
һѵһ뱱𷵻ؼСһƻᣬ̫ӥٰģһһǵعүС㣬һƴǣ̫ȴǲòӡ
һ뵵ԡͻȻЩ䡣ϰСΪԡ˻ǲϰߡ
һĥؿڵԤ飬૵Сɵүһ벻ˡ
ûУʱ쵽ˡʱԡ⴫ӥٰؾƻᣬ֮С
һع񣬴ԡһ߻صϺˣһ¡
һʪܵͷ˳ȥΧһԡһԡҡһʢװıվķںڵͷͷһƯķ٣ķ档֬۵ʩݣԵĶˣÿװһЩޡ
һˢһ¾ͺˡС¹ײܺߣĿȴԱεסˡʱһȷɢž˵ζˮʪܵشͷµΡ׳ļҲ׺žӨˮ飬ħƵ¸ñĩµĻƻŮڸꡣ
ûҿҪ·ˡһ۾ҲգضԼɴȤЦ
عʱ̵Ҫû뵽Լôʧ̬ղԼһҲ֪ôԼ
˭˭ˣˣҸ·ڴϣ㻻ϰɡƵĳ˳ȥ
һЦʼ磬ԼĻôһŴϷż׵سͿӣ΢΢Щ죬ЩѵǱԼģ
һɲὲʲôһԼϲֿʽҲûҵʲô־ؿڴýһֵ֣滹һƬĽë
ѾͷַƵİɡһЩţؿŵֻëɵҲ֪ʲô˼һзһ˿ж
һϳħǰգܺҲڷԺ߳ţȻվԺ﷢
лл·ĶģһЦı硣
ѹתϲһ´һЦѻɣ˳ࡣ
ǲ㻹ûĶأһЦʵ
¡һ̣Ƥسһգգ۾
еѶȡһ°͹˼״
һ컹û³ʼתƣյƽʱŮӾʹʱͱ
û취벻ʱˣ߰ɡһˣٺЦ
һץסһ䣬ô벻أУ벻Ͳ׼ȥ
һȻƽڱӪֵ侲ŵıˣСƢĹĵľ͸һֻһ㣬ʵɰý
һЦ˫סգЦˣˣ֪ġ
ĵһצΰһһۣϸĨҸĺΣʵô֪
һ˳ӵ㿴ŤŤģô
ؿˣһǰһѣŭ㲻ˣ
ʱŮ˽龰Ȼӻ̫㰡ϹѾͷҲôȲֻϹѾͷֻſڶϣⱱüҵѾͷɴԺǿˣںӰշȴЦһ仨
ףôˣһЩε
ŤͷŶŮɫһ˺Ҹضȥ
ֻʱˣҲûʲô飬ھߣɱٵ̫ˡЦתȥˡ
ס
ôˣҸղ㿪ЦأĺܺãʹҪءһЦ±֣濴Ứš
㣬ڷ˿϶ΪǸ¼Ůˣ㣬㡣ݺݵһؿڴ˼ȭ
ԭǵˣֻῪģΪ֤ĶһٺЦԶ˼Ҳ͸ˡ
иƨֻЩŻϲ㡣ĨȥˮߺߵﻹǾЩί
ǰֱֻŻϲҡһűŮȻ֪ΪҲܸж
˭˭ϲ㣬㡭ٺ˵ͷһһװɵˣЩ֪롣
һץС֣һмָͷ϶ףСַԼᴵ֪лл㡣
ĶʱּˣЩɬسСִ̧֣£ֱһҪڻһЦѽҪٵˣ߰ɡ˵һֻܾӰǰȥȴûЦݡ
һٺһЦѾͷƽʱüȥľŵ磬ؼʱȴˡһ§뻳Уŵ㣬ѳ𣬳ӥǵ̫Ӹȥ
ӳԺѡһǵסڻʹеģӥھй˳ʱΪΪ˷椣ڵһ֪ô򵥣ʱӥĩ̫֮λ֮УΪ躹ޣȴıĩĻǲС
ܿ죬һűĿĵأ̫ӸſֺͣʵүСǽַǷ
ˣΪ㿴ġ̫ӥӭ˳Цһļ


271 һ


̫СҲһЦϴοҹ˵Ļ֪λ̫ӾΪ˴ﵽĿĲֶεˡ
ӥЦŵͷ뱱һкȥһĵͷĹүСһɧ˷׷׹кȻҲһЩ
һһȦװεĵŴľƻ˶ǳƣоԭΪһЩӵܣֻǽʱͬգһı仯˭ҲóЩӵܶȥһˡ
ӥΪˣһ̲س˼֮кؿˡһֶƣݸһ㲻ңȥʶİɡ
ȥҽҪ㡣һھƣЦʵһ뿪һͱЩݺݺΧˡ
һû˵ľƻЩģڵ۹Ʒζ֮ǰΣЩүСǴʱһЩ廨ͷ뻨ƿ֮࣬ȻĹʣʵûʵϵģҲûȤǽύ
ֻھƻϾ㲻ʹϵ˻ʹϵһĵλʵǰţЩཻүСڳĹ²һЩżһĹҵүСɲôһõĻᣬ׷׹̸λŶүʶ˵Ժƽƾָտɴˣ˵ŶүںҲû˭۸ˡ
ЩˣһֻǵЦšżӦ䣬۾ȴȺɨţ뿴ϹܿѾͷûС
ˣҪ׵ŮǲģμӾƻҲСĲ֪һ뷨ߵ
һڱ˵ǲ뷨˱㿪ʼЦƫƫҲ¶һߵı飬Ҳһ߿˿ж˵һĹϵ
ߣһżаŮĲݰˡͻȻһΧ˽ʱһƬеĿˢˢ˵֮ˣһŻ꣬Ŀʣʱضһ
һüͷļһûӡ󣬲˭֪ôа壿
ʣ˭һûгԣǰ䶢ꡣ
ŵչһʼµǹүһֱǻһɵˣǰ˵üҪ빫Ϊ׼ҵģ֪ô֮ˣСӲǳԴװɣһζسһ΢Ц
жض֪˭Ŷүҹʿɲ¡һ۾ȴӵűеϹҲó
ٺݹҶ㲻ճһᣬݲñ˵
ǳ鴤һ£˵űһֱΪŮһ벻ҲǸ̰ĽٵŮһһܣˡ
һâһΧүСĬ֪кϷˡ
죬׼Ҵûϲ㣬Ҳûͬ𼱵תһһʱˣңһϵûеġ
벻һﲻżʵӵܣȺ˶ŮӣС޳ܵǿˡʵػδ˵꣬һȽߵõڼ֮⡣
˭˵ɵػұֲ֪ءջؽţΧһȦصһߡ
²㣬ļһ̫ӥһ˿ɱȻԼӪˣǹȻеľƻϵңҾ谮ı
Сӣҷ̰ŶүӥҪǼһȥʱȺдܳһ˳زĹȥȻ˴ͷһһ˱˹ȥΧŹȭߡ
һûκαʾڵӥ֪λ̫Ӿĳ￴š
֮ӥż˹ΧŹʺȺɢȥˣһѪңǳˡ
ϳȥֽŽӥתһǸıһǱǸղ߿һ£ҲôС۰ɣѰطǺȼ
̫ӵµĴСķڷһЦЦ
ʱƻʦʼˣȺеŮҲ˫ɶԵؿʼ裬ʲô¶ûзһ㡣
ӥһߵһ䣬ԭأŵһıӰʲô
Сãģô˻᲻𣿡첻֪ʲôʱڱЦŰο֪Сá
磬ҲˡЩϲ
ģ׹϶Ҵһ㡣ЦСõͷ
ʲôʵ
ⶫҲ֪ʲô׽û˵ʱٿݸһС
Ӧһӹ
СãǲеƫİҪŷһѣϵڻûɣ˵˵˸߲ҵصȥˣҲ̫˰ɡȤЦ
磬ôôᡣֱš
һߣ̫ӥ˶˹һС̳ƣӣһɷҷؾζ֪˿Ⱦذٻ
ӥóˮС̳ϣֻ߲ʵҺӾ̳ˮԵˡ
ʺһɻɧ˶Ĳʺ֭дֻǱʶˡ
òʺĲʺƣҷѾĻŴӸŪһ̳һֱ᲻úȣֵúһ¡ӥЦһƵݸһ
һӥһ±һڣȻǼƷþƣٻҪʤһ
ٹҪϹСˣף㡣ӥһ
ллһҲһܵظоӥƺ̫Ծڼѹʲô
ĬãӥעһͻȻһΣĲ뿪ǣ
˵ˣûʱ򡣡һҲ
ӥҧǰһһ־һǰ½ЩΪʲôߣѵͲΪһ룬ѵǵñΪУԴ
һ¶ӥвЩжûֻǶӥҲΪУֵܣҾʮˣҲߣΪһ
ӥĿһɿһΪһľƱϣȻץ̳һ͹֮࣬󽫾̳Ӵ˦뻨԰Уһˤķѣɫָ糣̫߳Ӹֵһϣĺ˵תߡ
һûпӥֻǵѤĲʺƣв֪Щɬ


272 


һһ±еĲʺƣȴҲûƷ֮ǰ㴼ԳЦЦ˦ȥ˿֪ĿɬӥֵܵɲһֵܣΪʲôеأѵļ֣
Ŷ٣㻹ǵ𣿡ʱһЩ֮ߵһǰЩš
һع꣬ʼһǴͷ⹫ʵǸˣЩ죬ֻһʱ벻ļ
ǰڹйһ֮Եġһü˼ѵ
ǣһ꣬ͻȻЦ㣬ĶӣڵݷôļһһЩӡģΪֽʵ˹
ǰǰû뵽¸ôãŶٻǵңָжͲµһݲһ㣬Ȼ֤Լ۹⡣
һٺЦЦ벻ǻͦԵģ֪Ϊ°
ԵȻԵǸŸ״ݷͬţ˳ѰһЩƷȥشûͷԵӵܣǺżһ飬ԼҪúֺλŶ١
⣿һʵ
ǵġڶǰͿʼ̶ӽɽͨ˵Ļһعϵһػ׬ôһСǮΪԺ
һ죬濴Сӻо̵츳һл⽻츳ɲôף˼Ȳ࣬û뵽ȻϹϵɾ򵥡
ô˵ٶǳϤɡһĵʵ۾һ˿ĪЦⶢ
ǵȻɽ˸Ҽ̤ˡ
һžٺЦһѴĲϡֹ˼䣬ȻЦ
ԭأɫ˷֪ĻͰǰֻҪץסˣͿļɻڴ
ȻЩһԹʵ黳һɫõعŰЩ
֧ɡŴЩڻ谵ħһԶӵ趯Ů΢ضһ
һŪһԺĺڷѣõ͵ع岽ߵǰ΢΢ŵһ׼޿޵趯
ֹסֽۣɣǣУӵ
һ˵־ƻᴿǸүСǴġĶ赸ܵ裬ĥ䣬ķΧôȾ
һ§ű촽ݵᴥСɵضоĽ΢Ĳ̲סӿЩԺ۱üǷĹģԿ϶еıôСǧȷġ
ҸҪιȥˣо˶һϺŵϢΧţҲоݵĴϣʱץţһӢĩ޵Ůء
ȻĽֱˣһ޹ǵһУΪоС϶һȵӲ켣ڱӪеĻ᲻֪ʲôͣȫһ˿˿Ƶġ
ҡǻؼҰɡȣһĶߵ
ؼʲôһЦʵǰһȴβһʱ̼شһ¡
һ߼ظһļҧһ£вϢ׼ˣˡ
һһӷֵ˵һűϢʧ̫Ӹһ󼱷ɣһűԼңֱһһĴϡ
һűڴϷ˼Ȧһͷס˱ķ۴˱
ʲô죿һ̧ͷ촽ʵûζĴ졣
Ŀ֪һʲôһ촽뿪һ̧ͷ׷˹ȥ
˲ţ·һ룬תۼ䱱ֻʣ¿ˣ׻ԼŮһЩѣΡ
һ˿аһĵﴦڶ漴ҵһɲʱ쳣嶯Щ񱩵سȥ˱߲ͦǹ׼ŹҪʱʣһ˿ͣ
һҧأ˫Ŀ˺⣬֪Լ⣬ʢҲϲģӴľǿѹյҪʧȥǵаһһţͻȻݺס±Ĳӡ
ʲôѵĴоѹһ۱ı顣
һŤſԼĴ֣ɫϢþ׽ӵı˻ʵ˵촽ϲĵʲô
ֻСּ뽫һִԼƿķѻʹҪˣŵһʻԴ类˺ݺһȭƵģѵƭġ
һӰһԺи֣Ҳ֪ʲôֽţһѹӴȻɶˣɲʱһһ˿ûˡ
һһѹһ˿ҵıİ̽ͨһıĤķѣ̺÷ذ׵Ĵš
ҽһʹһ㡣
ʧȥǵһôͬһ˷Ļеͦ£񱩵ǰţ˿ԡ
ҧ´ˮ۽߻䣬ĬĬɵĿ裬ȴЩΪʲôҪƭ˵ЩֻȤģȴһʧȥǣʱӣϵʹȴ絶ʹ
һ񱩵ײУʹöľˣʶѴڰ״̬˲ûзüļͻȻӿһīڵһīڵһֱӳһüģգۼûƤ֮С
̫Ӹһ̫ӥޱɳϣĶŵĺȻǱ죬Ī⣬ȫںľʦȻҲڣ˽Զؿϵһֻ͸ħƿƿаɫ״
ôһ㷴ӦûУɻʵ
ʦĿɨһۣʲôεļƻһʧ֮
˸ٶ
ʱƿеͻȻǴ׵ɫȻʼŨڣŨڵڲƿＤҷγһͷ
ɹˡʦعЦ˫Ŀݶ֮ɫ
̫ӥһ£תۻָ˵ȻѾˣ̲ҲԹҡ


273 


ɷСʱ磬͵İѾĳǵĽֵϡ
һ˰͵̫ѨԴһŽһ㣬۾ӴоԼһƬļתͷߵı𣬲Щһʱ벻׷ʲô顣
ڻ˯ţɫ԰ף۽ĩɣɪžһţ˵Ŀ
⡭ô£һ˦˦ͷ˺ôԼЩϷ齥ʼ
һɫضűΣٿذ״һƬ۵ѪǿɱͨŮҪö֪࣬ܵ˶ôصĴݲСһ⿪Ĵȣײ壬ЩۣЩԼɵ𣿿ΪʲôҪǿĴҩĨ촽ϣʲôĿģ
˼ãһ뱱һӣоǿҸ飬һжǼٵĻŮҲĩ̫ˡ룬һǣĻǵĽӽԼܾΪ˸ԼιǿҩǿɣҲܺˡ
뵽һĴַһ͵İ׹⣬ű׵塣ϡ
Сӣˣǲˬ͸ˣٺٺ١ʱһʶðһӰЦųһ˵
֣㲻˵û˵ưͣû㳶һûڷء
СӣôԴľ˵ģ֪ù㣬ˡӰߵ
һֱӰû˵ѣּǲ̫ˣǷֵܡ׷ʲôˣܷ֮
ӰЦСڼ׶֪
ʲôף㲻һ˵𣿡һ
˿֮Ůֲ֣֮ȵľƻŮ촽ϵĴҩһϱշӣҲ˵һ㲼µȦסӰһʶ˵
һһþһ鿴ûзʲô쳣ҲͻƵס
ÿˣֿǲ鲻ġԷһʩͻһûʶİ׳գȫȫ˿һʱ˾ͻᱬѶӰЦ
һɫһ䣬漴ָٺЦŻң֮أϹڡͲܰô˿û˴ȥʧ֮ǵĺڰռˡ
ӰٺٹЦ֮㲻ʲôߣСӰ˱ĸ
ŵû飬һɶˣͻȻþѹסأȴ֪ôһ¾Ϳˣϼһùɡ
һôһ룬ӰëȻʹˣµòҶֽţҲôǿѹƵĺͻֱѰ㾫ܵ޴ʧʵ˼ζпܡ
ǿҪллˣ֡һЦ
лͲˣ㻹㶨ߵ飬ȥһʧ֮ǵĺڰռ㱨ˡӰһ˵꣬ϢʧһʶС
һѣЩӵŻ˯еرһѾˣüͲĹģһӪˣֻǱ֪֪һУֻǱüҵһڹӣ׼ˡ
⣬һĴƫںһֻ֣Ӳ֪Լӣ˷ģҪȻ𲻻ݵ޼ѰǺôһȦװҪصĺӰԼôĶ֪
ü壬սǸҵšһȻΪ˿֮ǾΪǺˡ
ʱ˯еرͻȻתһʼüһţʹ߽Ҫʹ
һڴϣһʹԱ˵һΣ޹ģֻǲŮıۡ
סΪʲôҪƭңΪʲôıԽԽʹ࣬ҲԽԽ
һ̾һ˴§ڻУοԣ£
˼飬ʼʼþȣһ˫Сȴӱץסһ½ƺͻȻȥ
ʱһ΢ĽŲһͣ±𣺡ûУˡ
һüëһôôˣӦףɣû
ƿţŮ˽һڴϱñӹסı𣬲һ㶡
һһЦģף졭
ýˣСӣôôѪҪɡһ۱㿴˴ǼѪΪ֪Ͳôࡣ
ûû¡һԶŭĿӵŮ΢΢Щ졣
ѱС㱧ȥɣҪúòһ¡˵
ãͦõ𣿡һɻ
һһۣӹúͿǰɣϹܿ׵ӣⶼ˰ɡ
ףһ˷ۣôô죿һ뵽ĴϲӣһʱҲ֪ʲôζ
һ˼űűߵ˸ڷ䣬˿еŮ»߸ŭż׼źáڴϣ⿪ץס½С֣ȴһ˹
ˣúһ𣿡˵һĴﻹǾЩΡ
ɪһͻȻӱסһһؿڡ
ԲĲ֪Ĳ֪રવ£Ȼ顣
֪ⲻ㣬ʲô֪һظű⻬ļƽĵĻ̿֡
Ĳ𣿿ǡΪʲôҪƭң˵ЩֻȤõġӿռָóǸ
һӹһһ֧컹һֽһֽɨһ飬Цһ˷ĩĴ˼˵Ϊ˱üżˣҲΪ˱ԼҸҪżϹǰһϵһĵλͻһЩԼкôʲôƣɵѾͷԸ鷽һƬհףŵ״ھ飬Ϊ档
һûжԱ˵ʵ࣬Ļĩ̫пᣬֻ˵пŪˣ˯֮һȥŭ鷿


274 ˿̵ټ


һ·߹ȥһŸȫæµţеĴɨеװ㷿ݣæòֺϲŸĴп˲õĴ顣
ôңʲô𣿡ŭ̧ͷһһ֮ɫüʵ
һ㽫üս˵һ飬ԼȥģһֻģһĩἰںӰһ¡
û뵽üսˣսİ廹治٣ûʲô£ҪŭҪսƴơŭо˸һĹذ֮ɱĻб
֮ȻԿƱʩߣ֮ʩ߱ȫѶҿ϶ս϶ڹؼʱ̶һУӦòϾʱҶս˵һ֧һսӦûżսͷʱżҪﷴǣżߵͷˡ
ŭͷ֮ʧѾãû뵽Ȼ䣬սߵԻ
һ˼һܾǻ֮͵ϮСĺӰѲ˹ϵǺӰɩϿйϵôڿθųĴҲֶ񶾵Ŀ֮ǡ
һŭһ˵ŭǳ鴤һ£žһصϣû϶ҪȻ»ûõҪˡ
ŭѾ뵽һŶ˿ƣǺǶôأȨŵˣؼʱ˿ƷˮػǾˡ
ţףͲȥӪˣú׼һ°ɡŭһת
һţ̾һǵľԽԽˣżĹϵҲԽԽţȵ½һ졣ǿ۹ҵĿʼ
ͻȻھƻĹĶһתŸ¥ȥ
ƺҲ׼λƢÿһ̵ƮѩԱҲٺˡֻ֪Ҫ˱֣ǰİӱԵõĳϡ
һ̴̵ذɳϣƮѩɵΪȫĦ
֪кηԸվڶԹʵ
ôûҾͲһ𣿡һˬغߺЦ
¥ġʲôʱԡ
񣬿кʱͦģôҾûһˡһЦڴٹǰ࣬ϵЦ飬˸о崺磬ȻָС鳤ݺ⸱ˡ
µıʵġ񵭵ʵĸԱˡֻΪҪò
ѵҾͲ㿴ƮѩЦö𰡣ЦһҿһЦ
㶣һһ΢ЦȴԽӲֱ֮
һΣҲĩ̫һЩɡ
ˣǿˡһƮѩֹͣɳ
һƺҪ̸֮״ӿɼһ鹵
Ļ治һһ䣬ֱֱɫƮѩЦ
ȴƻ벻⣬˵һжģҲ⡣
˵ʵ񳤵û治Ͷʮζʮ㣬һûʲô뷨ֻŮϵŵǶ͡
һҪȥĸǳɣһ·ӣһɫ
¶ɫǳų࣬ͨؽʲôĵǿԣһͲˣ˺ѵõǱȷе鱨رĻһ壬֪ʲô취
һٺһЦϵһˣ⣬ͨ˱ɻĹϵһЩ̽ӣչ鱨
ǣչֳһֱ̿ˮ
ˣϴηԸҪѰҵİµ۹ʥŮѾ䣬˿ǳ֡ŵ
һȻЩǰץסļûиٵ
Ȼһʹ̣ȴĩ¶ֻǻشܣ̽ӻر˿ʥŮľѵħʦûܹٶȡ
һȻ̾һͻȻԼƺˣæ֣ץסԱһã׵Ƥмϵӡһָʱһļ٣ûж˵¥Ź̻ᱼȥͷһ֪˵ͲĽá
ãһֱӱܹΰݵ¥ϣ¥õĹʿ붼ϵ֮ǵĹ̻ˣŵһ̣ذָ˷䡣
һһƿţ˯ĺͷһ
ףŶ٣ôˣͷ˯ɵʵ
һǰһѽͷ𣬼ʵ˿
˿̣ĸ˿̣ͷɻ
̻ʥŮм˿̵𣿽װɵһץסͷһҡ̴˱ҡͷת
ͣͣͣϹͷҡɢˣ˿ǰ컹ڣ͸Ҹǻعˡͷðһ׹⣬ɵһħƣû˵
ǰ컹ڣҲ˵֮Ҳ𣿡һʵ
Ȼǵ֮̿ģ֪ǹ̻Ķʥ֮һÿɣҿ׷ʮ꣬ûһɫ˵ιһû˵أͷƵĴˮȴһʧǵ߳ȥˡ
֮һֺ˲ǳĽݲҵ˷ǰƤɡͷ֣һ㶼̻Ị̇ĽݲǵµĿ۹ʥһţˣ˵̻ʥ뿭վ壬ȴ伣ˣ뿭ȴֱڻһֱϾ˿̵ʦ
һʧǵ̻߳ᣬ֮˿̾ڹãǾôˡôˣ˿̻ϼѵһ㲻Լ𣿲֪Լʲô
һĹˣܾ˿̲ĩȥͲеĳĬĬעϹܿĻ˿ҲǳʹɣǷԼŮ˳ǰˣģһ˿̵˽⣬һʹԼףһ˿ϣȻĵȥ
ʱһͻȻܳһĽСӰһסһĴ˽ֵߵС


275 ȶ


һͷӰһܵһ˹ȥڱǼϤȴڽӴԷʱʱסֻ֣ϴ󴥸Ĵְ̲סץץѵĵ֡
СӰһбϣ󻵵֪۸ҡ
ŵûŴһĵ׵ʧʼɢЩƿֽĶƿϹܿ쳱Ľëţ㣬ȻǱһצû˻ǡ
žžһϹܿβ᲻ص£Ѿͷô⸱ģҪҸղղסǿô죿
Ϲܿɵ˫εػסһŲղסأ㡣
һεЦЦϹܿ죬˵˼Һüûˣ˿ýǲ׼㣬Ҽǿտյģſص˲ע͵˳
һЩжЦɵѾͷҪˣҲһˣҪ͵أϹ϶ҳһˡ
ҲŲأҾ㣬ǲ̤ʵϹܿһĪĸо
еŮôղһҲ뿪˵ߣһϹܿ簲οѾͷǻ˻ǰۺ֢ǻûʧǲ
Һ𣿡Ϲܿʵ
Ȼһ϶
ãҲõģú÷㣬һѵޡϹܿߵ˵
ãǾʮɣʮкʮŮһٺЦ
㵱ʮкŮŮһƯкһ˧Ϲܿ˼ѳԺû֮С
һű۾һ۵ϹܿĸһǣˣȥɣҪҪˡ
ҲҪ뿪㡣ϹܿһĻŤӡʵظĥһһ
һǿѹסϹܿɫȥɡҲһϵʱˣԺżҵϱˡ
ϹܿŤ£Ȼ뿪ɣվǼ˼Ҳй˳ǱɵصͷӦˡ
һϹܿٵطٵϹ˽ʧٵӣϹ˸ǽǲͷʲôؿôǺð
龰ϹܿҲЩ˼ˣںȥɣ׿Ҫˡ
һЦŽϹĺŴƨɵ֪ˣȥǸڹԹҵӡ
Ϲܿ۵Ӧһת̽һԴɲˣҾҪÿ˵˻ȥһһ˸˵ĴСˡ
һصŸʱŸŵƽʣһϲաһȴѰ˼˿Ƿڻϳ֣ʱҪţúעһ£СҲҪֻҪ˿̻ǣ춨Ȼĩػ϶ǻʱҲҪס
ʱײβĴЯɩŮСͳڷϡ
磬æʲôأڱӪٿˡһЦŶʵ
ƤЦⲻЦ˵æѪɫŵѵҲûʲôʱȥ˫Ӫ㣬Сִܲɡ
ȻᣬǸųСôпаһЦ
óһװУЦСܵĴϲӣҲûʲôö͸㣬ݱС°ɣףӡ
һЦŽӹУһлȴƳһׯ֮ɫϣвǺӰĹϵ
壬СƺΪϲһϻгһС֡
һǰӹСͣڿתһȦСŮЦ
С壬Ҽͺϲء΢Ц
ǣɩҲ֪Ψһȱ̫ʵû취һٺٿЦһС۵Сһ¡
һЦС֪ܵ˷ϰﺬ̿Ƕء
̣ٺ٣ǿҵþȥ˷һˡһЦ
ʱŭ붫˳˵˵ЦҲΪֹѺǫسһǰ͡
صһȻַѻȻһ£ĺɫϲﾡǲɫɵħƣϲǽںʹһɳϣ͵УֻһȭͷˮʺòѣĿ
һ˿ͻȻһеˮŻأӿռָ﷭һԴһˮ΢΢һħˮͻȻֳһ񾲵Ӱһ鿴ӰԽԽŮľòˡ
˫Ҳû˰ɡһˮŮźϵ촽񵭵΢ЦﷺŨŨ˼
Ŀ¼ˮǵʧ֮˫Ĺ뷿﷢ֵģû뵽ʧ֮ǵħᷢչ̶ֳȡ
ÿ˺ü飬ͻȻҵűˣһþһ֪֪ǱǱˮ
Žݵϲ֮ɫ΢ɲһ¡
һı鿴Цߵλá
߹һ£һֱۣԴ῿ļϡ
ҪءЩį
šһӦһ㷢ϲ˲䣬ȴЩ۸ӰżжˣԼֶ֮һ׮£Ȼ۽Ů䣬ϾǱüѪҺʱҪһˡ
ײɫôôѿ̧ͷСһĿʵ
ûУȢϹܿ᲻ԴءһתָֻƤЦӡ
ᴷһһ£ҧҧҲŲԴأһˮƽˣ㲻ң׼Ϲܿ۸ҡ
һٺЦᣬô۸أǡ
ʲôʵ
ڴϣһЦһͨյķȭ
ãһУͻȻ˯
һȻѾͷʲôʱôˡ
ߣϹܿ㶴֮ǰҪ㶴һƵ
ǲѾ𣿡һٺЦû뵽ⷽҲҪ档
첻㣬ʲôûо
ȻˣǾɡһЦһѱеı𣬽ڴϲϣһѹȥãⰻȻڷء


276 񾪱


շһĨǰףƽߵľͷϼһƬԤʾһʵĺ
ϹۡϹ˴żµŮƿŮϹܿĹ뷿ʱŮױǰŽҸΣظɢ㷢
ܿôôϹ˴ȰЦʣĲ֪Ů˼
סϹܿϹˣ˯ţһ϶ƵģҪ𣿡
ϹŮıЦǰҪǻСѾͷ޳ȥˣɶء
ףô˵˼ǻûа᲻𣿡ϹܿϹ˵Ļ
ϵһ⣬Ҫ͸˼ϱȻˣֻһҪһģҪТҲҪ̺ķֻʮָմˮĽŮʵڷĲ°Ϲֻ̾ϣżҵĶСܶŮһɡ
ףϿûʲôѵŮҲѧԺҪղ˸ԣϹܿЦһ밮ӵСŮࡣ
ѾͷҲ֪˭ϼ޹ȥôȲˡϹȤ
һʱһʱʱô֪һֻܱӰϹܿЦǴһѧġ
ʲôӵģʱҲˣ㽫ļ´ϣһżҵ˾ҪˡϹŮλŮһͬæַƵļ¸Ůá
ʧ˿Ϊϣýһֻķˣ±ýĸָСͼŸɫĹصıʯ°յ׺˵ĻţϹܿʮ㿪ʼƣ깤һһ߶͸Ϲ˶ŮŨŨȰ
ϹܿżԭתһȦ˷ܵףÿ𣿡
Ϲ΢΢Цˡ۾ȴͷÿÿ
ףôˣ˷ܵϹܿЦݣǰץסϹ˵ֵĵʵ
ǸˣŮҪߵģǸڳˡϹָĦϹ̲ܿסˡ
ᣬϹܿҲᣬ۾һˡ
ˡˣײãϲӿɲܿ޵ģɢϲϹĨˮϹܿ²һױ
ʱϹһ̳˽еף㣬Ͼ͵ˡ
ˣסҡҸô죿Ϲܿһӱ䲻֪ˣСĸͨͨҪɤӡ
ʲôڳ˲ءϹ˼æο
ʱǵĽֵΧˡżϹ޽׵Ĵϲӣ˲õĴ£۹嶼һҶҪӴҵϲǴţݻ
˵ŸϹͬһѰ·ҲҪһʱɽγ·ȴһĺ̺·Ҳ˸ӭƮʱдŸϹļҶŮΧ۰ɷģлʼ̶ֺͱݣ˵ַǷ
һɫϲǰŵĳʱվ׸ߵ쳵ϣţԵʮ棬ҿۻˣҲǽˣţĻϴĻһȣȻ̫ԶûпɱԡȴȻһ࣬һվţǸˣᱻΪǱ
һ³Χ۵İջ֣۾Ⱥдϣҵ˿̵ӰźΪֹʲôûз֡
ƺƵӭ׶ǧ׳а֮࣬һЩŮҶ˫Ӫһʿһħʦʹ
׳۵ӭ׶Ӳʱ㵽ϹҸݿ۹ϲᷱǣķһ򣬲Žһ֮ɫӽӵݻ쳵ϡ
һԱߣΧ۵İյĻϹֻܿףðѰ㿿һϡ
һץסϹܿĺС֣Ҫ壬뿪ĵ顣
Ϲܿһһ½ˣǰĴһ±ЦҲࡣ
һƽʱ÷ɵļӱԵ·̣ȴӭ׶黺ؽߵʱ֣һȥһؾһʱ䡣
һϹܿ£ħ̻ͬһʱХŷҹգըһȦȦɫĻ𻨣ƬҹȾùˡ
ŸһƫԺݶвը̻ǷһĨ΢Цȴʧȥ˽ࡣĹ͢ᣬҲҹ£Ҳݶһ޳ܵ۸ˣĻȶԼȼʱ޿ɷԼҲĳ嶯ֻʱ˵ĻȻʱҲǸˡΪģɺȴԼĸ鲢Ǻޣһֵֺĸо֮ѡԼǿжԼڻһ㣬Ҳʱŷ
ͬʱһĨƮƮӰվȺ֮⣬Щ¼ţ̧ͷҹеĲãʹ
һҪҸӰţĿˮӿ
ͨմ͵͵Ӱһ156ţǲҪҵˣ
εе񣬵ʥŮ˿̺󳤵òģҿ϶ûħݡһ˻ش
ȸȥ鳤ģܷŹһˡտʼʻ˵
һӦһһתȺʧˡ
鱾ǻʵս״ͣ˵Ӧõףصģɲ֪ʲôԭֻ̫ӥһѹصǰʵ˵һףĻͽȥˣֵ֮鳹׵˶ˡ
һǣϹܿʱŭ򸾣Ϲ򸾶͵г֮ˡ
۹ĳ֮ǰйŴǲ࣬ͬǽһЩǣʱȴҪģйǱϵķˡ
żʱĵһϹܿ˾ĳǻ°أ˸ĸ޶԰ݣ;ûгκβǳ˳
Ҫ붴ʱ򣬱ͻһźµͻȻ˽һɧңֻδ嵽һǰͱлĸָڵء
Ŷ٣ûжģֻǷҼС֮ǰš˴е
һһͷˮŪʲôʱǵʲôСˡ
б͵ĿⶼͣԼϣһЦЦߵ˵ǰʵС˭
һţ㿴˾ˡ˵һüëһָһؿڵѶʱѿһħżƮڵϡһʰһʱɫ䣬кƾʧԭأʱϲĴﰲֻõ


277 ˿


Ϲܿɫߵ뿪ټñͿʼ۷׷ףίһᡣ
һһ˵ò׼ܵģ˼һʲôϹܿ޺޵֪ɲܣһҪ鷢ˣ˿̾ίҲõ˵ϾһݹأѾ˳ķˡ
λ𾴵ܸлǰμǵĻ񣬸ղҷҪ뿪ˣҲɨˣϣҳԵþˣȵþˣҲþˡϹܿһͻȻŮĲ룬Цݵضб˵
Ϲܿ󷽶ʱ˲øУȻǴС㣬ֵúȲʡ
ʱΪŭϹҲ˵˼׻ȻῪʼ
ϹܿڶϹ˵ͬ˺ԺճϹܿĵ׵ί
֪ܿίǳСӻҷǽѵɣղֵúܺãȢĸο֮ǰû뵽ϹܿȻίڱǰΪӿѣǰ֪ѾͷױװҲǸڿԼˡ
ţˣм£ֻǲʹϹܿЦЦ̲ס
ɵӡˣԺ˭۸㣬ԶվߡסϹܿС֣ѾͷıӮġ
ϹȴǸˣԺŮ˶֧֣϶ܲίŮȷʵ£ŮأûиңǺǰɾˡ
һֽسǵȥǺ˵ĳˡ
һͨɣһͣһƫƧԺźһ˶ûУЩԾ
ղź˻еżĵױдּȴ쳣ʲݣΪʱȶд˵챻ڰ̻֮ӳףصⴱԺȥʱһһƬңһİŮ˱İ˳ףĻ˵ôֱ࣬ӳ˳
ԺƺЩ죬һҲ侲ĳ±ڰ̻֮ӳףĻôͬһ𣿿һܵԷǰȣƺܲһв²⣬ðĵıʼȦףǶڤʥŮŪĶ磬һĵ˽⣬ԡ
Сʹ괬һŽ²鿴һ£һӰûпǵһԺʱȻֵϸһ֪Ժɽ֮¡
һһһʱҲġ
ҪǣһȻԼĵĽһ󾾽Ҳܲ˵ô£ѹħ˹ȥֻһ춯صıըɽ粻֪ըȥˣ¶һ󶴣͸Ĺߡ
һһ˹ȥոҪģǰȴŴԭأֻﾡһźɫħƣǽŴϲ֡һӰˮ㡣
һ㵵ֻˡһž¼£ЦȻ΢Цģһȴǵһͬغڰ̻ķ壬Ȼһװ磬Щ
һɵҲ֪ôˣ䣬ȴĵ΢Це˼˵ڡ
һʱ洫һĺһ󵭵ϮһӰҡ
һȻһת¶ϲı飬˿̣˿̣ζˡ
ӰһҲ˴תͷһܴ񣬵еãȻһȴܹظܵõ
˿˿̡һЩǰҪץס˿̵С֣ȴ˿̶˹ȥ
Ҳ˿̣ϴˡ˿̻˵Ҫȥ
һò׼˿̣ô뿪οһһ§ס˿̵ֽĶ˿¶һʹһħĴˮСƺǧû˵ڡ
ٴμ˼һû¶һ˿ɫָ˿̵ĺɫ̥ǣոһӴ˿̱类һ
һȴôҲ뿪˫˿̵һͷȥĴӣѵ˿̽һ漴ֻСֽץסһؿڵ½Ϊһ̶ˮ
ֻ壬˾㵵ûлع


278 ڤʥŮVSʥŮ


һ˿ǲ࣬бǼ⾡ǵ㣬һ̵˺þãȵĶʹˡ˿̣ȫĵͶ֮У·ֻʣˡ
Ҳ֪˶ã˿̵ѹؽһƿ촽ȴȴֱµ
һǲܵģ߰ɡ˿Ĵ۾һȵӡ
ûʲôܣȻٴſ㡣һ˿̣һһȥ˿ȴһһˡ
Ҫҡ˿̿ҵǽϣţĺìܣһĻи˼ůȴָ
ûб㣬ԼڱԼమΪʲôҪñ˴ôʹࡣһûǰֻЩ˵˿̡
Ҳ㡣˿̻
һһ֪ǼٻȴȻ类˴˺룬ʹķơҧҧ㿴ҵ۾Ȼ˵㲻ҡ
˿̧ۣҪ˵һһǲǳǺһ뱯ˣǺ˵ۿֻ˵һҡ֡񱻶µһ㣬Ҳ˵һˡ
˵ڣˣûҡ㵣ңԿͻȻŸ˹㵣ըͲһеظ˽㻹˵㲻𣿡һһ仰һ仰һ仰Ǻʡ
˿̵ؽϲˣ֪жô˼֪ÿ췢ˡ
ǡǡҲܡ˿ƴҡͷҪֲסˣĺͶ˵Ļػкú÷йһͨ
ԣ˵Ϳԣȥ档ͨͨȥɡһ˿һ§ס
˿ĵ׵ĵֿ־߽⣬С§סһƴؼȡϵů
ˡ˿̵飬һûҲûмһģ֪ʥһжôҪ
вƽˣһƭǲһŮ˳ףҲִ֪磬һϹܿٳȥҪȻҪⳡ׾ٵİ쵽֮ԽһƭֻͬһװˣùЩֻǾ׼ôãƺΪ˱Ů¡
ڰ̻̻᱾ǵжӪ̻еһǲݣر֮յس֣̻֮Ĺϵ񻯵˼㡣
ߡͻȻһŨıϢֱֱѹһе˿̡
ʱһ˿̲Żع˿ĩɣڸܵϢȴɫһ䣬Ŀ´һ󶨸üļĺӡϣʱ̻ڰ̻سͻУڤʥŮ룬˵ʵѴﵽħʦĶ壬乥ɫ
ڤʥŮģ˿ÿ޹֮ԴɳƵ˵ȴ
ʥŮ˿̣˵شˣҪһ¡˵̧֣һһȻ˿̡
˿ǲʾһʥ⾻ˣа׹һīɫʥ̱ⷨУ͵ĹâӳѪ̥ǣԵЩ졣
üĵĺٻżվϣҲǹǳ
Ĭأͬһʱɳ˵µңڿħ
һһüѾͷ޷ˣȻԼڡɳȥֹȴ߹סЦҪˣġ
һҲǣҪǴȥɣʵ൱Ȼͣǲܾ˵ǿķ
ŷСϵ棬һþһΧĽ磬Ϣ¶Ҫ鷳ԺѰһɾĲݵأһ
ô⸱簡Ļ֪Ů𣿡һסЦʵ·ֻص˵ǹ
Цҡҡͷһûأصڰ̻ʱ䲢࣬Ÿòøأ
ҪͽɣϲⲻҰ𣿡һٺЦż±֪Ǵʲôˡ
Ҫ޸㣬ҿûС弱æƲϵ
治޸ңԺҿɲȢˡһŷ壬Цɫ
һ㶣һЩò׼һǲڿЦŤᣬͷǵñ˼˵𣿡
šһ̲סЦ
һЦݣʼ֪һթأһȢңȢ㡣
𣿡һʵ
ȻС϶صͷ
˵һȤʵ
һЦɤӣ˵׼ûУ
һЩЦ˵ͷ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
֮ڡ۲תĶһͻȻһĴϣ˫§Ĳȥ
ʱе˿Ķѷѽ⣬ֻ˿̽ӡʮⱩģ߾ŹȿʼһʮʥķŭʼڷۣһŴ۵Ĺſʼʣǿǵصľۼ
ɡĵĺɫɲʱͣż佫ʮⱩȫɡ
м䣬̲סһ£ͻȻһֱΪ˵ӵǵذɢ㵼侹˿̵ʮħϮҲ֪
˿ʩųʮĹħͻĲܵشԭأвһȻڤʥŮһʮеĹϵභûҪ˺˼ʱҪջʩųȥħɳ˵ΣۿҪģ˿Ҳ˲ôָ࣬ʥӡļǿ⻤ġ
ĵϸոðһɫļǣǻħǡɵˣһײڻĩȫε⻤ϣһһħͬһʱʧˡʵ⻤ȫεĻ˿ʩŵʮʥħķŭǲԻġ
һ˿ĵһȻǵذֳһʱעϵȵģ˿̳֣㳷ȥ˹
ʱĲŻعЩмؿ˿һֺۣݺݵ·˿˳ĵȥҲһ˵һӷ촽뿪ȴȻĴϣֻ§Ĳӣ˵жж
ŮͬһʱȥͬķŭŶĵĿһոջȻλʥŮʱͬˡ
屻һǵͷʣͲ֪ϦǺϦˣоһ촽뿪һĩӡɵ˫һЦź棬һתͷӭĵɱ˵Ŀ⡣


279 һ


һôԡԺ޷ŵ§һˣѵ˵ԼϲˣҲϲŮ˵ġ
һȻΪĺ˿ǳԴأڲŷ廹ûлָŮͻȻϮһʱûӦɴˡ
ᡭ֪һŮһָŷ˵
ƭˣˡ˿ߵķոձһƣȴһȣһ;Ƥ
ʱһǵԺķʼعһվЩɬЦһ˵ûҸһŮҲһŮˡ˵꣬Ŀһ״Ťɫͷ纣һտտҲǣ΢Цվ˿ǰǺѷɫ
ԹԣһɫĴˣֻ۾ˣһ۰һ뵽Ů˶ģһоӿһ˵ԺСȻ˿ͨҲª˭ҲûƯΪƯģֻ˲ܿ
˿̾ȵؿųζط壬û뵽һ˳ڵˡ
˿ЩȻһߵŮȻƾɫվм䣬ǾЩԱһôһԱȡ֪һˣǻ̲סô롣˿ƳڵϵһȴöһЦ۾дŰ㡣
˿е΢΢һ£еһ˿˿ζǵģںΪʲôԼҪôںأ˿һ롣ʱࡣ
ȴŷֱãЩɵؿʵ硣ڰ̻ʲôϵ𣿡
գգտ۾ЦЦ˵Ժٸ㣬ʵҲ磬ǽз塣Ժͽɡ
÷岻شıҲˣֻ÷һͺڰ̻ʲôеĹϵΪͷΪֹֺֻڰ̻̻ʵĶģ˻ûм
һݵһţһŵڿնүߵĵǰͻȻģ֪
Ц֪ˡ
һȻ۾ȴ¶ЩЦ⡣
ҲýĻӶؿչ룬˼ĺѹƾʲôϹܿǺ淴Ⱥװ˵˵һԹһ
һٺһЦϹܿСͺҶˣǰͷء
Һ棬˼ҶǰʵŮˣûбΪҿЩ͵͵˿˿̹ı飬ͻȻɬһػС
žžžһķѩϲ᲻صĴ£һŤŤСèԽˣʱŹ˲ô࣬пûмһˣʱϺŵζֱĴŮ˵ĵطֻһȣɼ
ξԭˣڰ֮ҪȻҼϹĸ鰡һоǰ˶⣬ҲЩˣĻ𱩵ģһʮ
һ֣Ķʱѹ˿ɫֿ˿ЩȻط˿̣Ц˿̣ǴϲӣҪҹһһ飿
һû˵Ȼǧˡ˿ȴȻЩٹ̵治˵žͷŵµģѵľô˽һɻ𣿵һֺݲľܾ
˿еһ̾һҪο䣬Ϊʱ˿ȴˣԸ⡣
һпϲǰ˿ת˼Ȧǵ˿һС
лл㣬˿̣ллϼ޸ҡһ˵źݺ˿촽һ¡
ҲҪ׼ƫġ
˿Цһ˾ɶˡ
һٺЦŽҲת˼Ȧ֮Ҳû·塣
ʱˡЩļ
ǲˣǾͰȥɣˡһ־شЦżŮ˲ú˵
ϲȼӡŮߵһöЩˡһֱйϵļŮǺ࣬ȴһҪȢŮϹܿӦĸˣһûоôر˿̣ϵһϵŮˣڶĽԼ˷أ


280 ҹ


׼ʱһͻȻһ£ԥŮУ׷ɻֽŵ
һعЦЦתͷ˿ָ̣һһƺָ⡣
ڰħɡ㲻˵ǹԵħ𣿡˿һ̲ס
Ҫ˵ģ֮ǰбҪ˵֮ǰ˵ǹԵħҲûƭ㣬̹׸ɣʵӵϵħʵšһ˵Ц
ϵħǹڰˮϵ𣿡ʵһֱΪһǺڰˮϵ˫ħʣǺڰϵ˫ħһ㡣
ѵ׵ϵϵ˿ٴξȵĪЩϵħоֻչ
һǡһЦ˿̵ǿһ£˿̽ߵɫĴЦ
ŮǿҪ£һֻչʾһ׵ϵϵħȵʶеɫϵħԪأþӴĵϵħԪأһŽܽ֯׵סҵĶڣǱصˡһһӿѧģȿΧֿħáһ÷ϵħγһС磬һĶȫҷɣһֻжϾĿƣϢʧˡ
ô˰ɡǷôһǰ޹˺ߵšһٺЦ
أҿǱ˼һ˺ôŲõĶˡļһƬǼңһһۣͼһı£˵֪һϵħҲû̫ľȡ
һǸ
˿̼ʶһķϵħ͵ϵħͻȻӿһ뷨֪ϵоħӳ̶ȣڵ֪һϵħ֮󣬻һҲ˵뵽Ǳ¶΢Ц
һٺٸЦаҪΪ֤ǵȥɡ
һŮӳ档ź嫵ǿգٿߵλһӿһɺ͵ɱԽɽȤˡ
˳Ŷһ˫ƺһ˿̣塣ĽɷޣЯͬģͬˣ벻Ϊ֤Ϊ
һԱߵŮˮӿ˿̣壬ģһޡЯͬģ̣ͬ벻Ϊ֤Ϊ
˵꣬ϵذȥ֮һŮĿԣԴ俴ŨŨϲ뼤ӽԺǱ˳ķˡ
ˣǲǸ붴ˡһ˱ȻŮɺٺЦ
Ů֮гһй֮ʵ˿ɶǻƻŮǽѵ
ֻһ˵仰ͲϹܿԼӻ˳жܰ
һ֪ʲôǱżϹӣܳǶԲϹˣ㱾ģܹͬһ˰Ҳôˣ㻹ǻȥϹðɣ˿̣Ϊأ
˿Ȼ᲻һôһ뿪ǽʵŮӣȻԴΪˣǷ׷׵ͷͬ⡣
һижһȢΪޣ޺ֻиȫİ취֪ͬ񣿡˵һɫŮµĽдҲ¶ɫеЦݡ
ʲô취Ůʵ
»֮ҹȻܹ˱ˣǸһͬȥܿʶһ£ܺͬ񲻸áһٺЦĸŮǸжð
ֻһ뷨ãȴŮһ·񶨣ǵ˼ɻûŵ̶ֳȣһҪʵ룬кܳһ·Ҫ߰
ϣգһЩƣǰЩݷﻹСͬߵΣɸиź׹ȥģ壬˿һһǱ֮һ㼱ŸһҪеŮȫŪһŴͬߡ
صŸʱҹɫѾɢֻһЩŮʰűǽķһֱӷɵԼԺӣţ໹ĩϢݶǡţĹϵҲԽԽܣӵദ˵ĸֵܰˣȻ಻ȴϲţ˺ܺõ߶
ϴˣ׷ʲôˣţһʵ
ûʲô£õģ֮ûгʲôӰɡһʵ
ţҡҡͷһ֮˵һ顣
һЦŵͷû뵽Ϲֱ֣ܿͦϲأûĸ˲ϣԼŮʶġһʱԴ֣ˣҲŮ˵ԣǰҪԼ˳档Ů˲ɰġ
ϢԼԷſڣԴӴ͸طۺ͹ߣȴûһ졣
Ѿͷڸأѵ˯ˣһֹƿ˷ţϹܿһڴͷ۾ЩףȻǿ޹ģʱ޽س
һһʹ׻ģ룬ĸŮڻί
һţ˳ֲһ硣
ϹܿϾﵽ˽ʦľ磬һ߶оѹһ̧ͷһϧע϶ʱ¶ϲɫ뵽һ޶˵ȥ漴תͷٿ
ܿһˣôһⴲƵġһڴϹܿСЦ
Ϲܿһֳ˻ȥشȥ˵Ĵ󻵵
£ʲôܱȢŻҪˣͱˡһϹܿԼ߰˹
ͳ󣬷ûû˰ϹܿĿһצ
ôûû˰أˣˣѹˣҸոȷʵ£ίˡһ
һϹܿиˮߵֱµʵҲ֪ίˣô˼һʲôһΪ㲻Ҫˡ
һϹܿ§뻳Уķ۱ɵѾͷô᲻Ҫأеľ䱦ð
Ϲܿ鴤ţŵһеίɢˣᴷһһ£ᣬͻ˵ĺˡ
һϹܿȥϵˮЩɵӣһҲ̲סͷȥ
һϹܿ۵ķ۴ҷϢ˱Ĵ꣬ҪͷȥȴͻȻϹܿƿһ̧ͷոջޱȵϹָֻܿģʵظΪΪġ
ܿôˣһȻʵ
Ϲܿ´һһħݺݳһȥ
ۣıɱ׷򰡡һһѽסħе
ߣԼʲôһΪΪҪųȥѵνҪȥ˽ŮôҾΪԭ򣿡Ϲֺܿۿ
һħһգԼмɫĴӡȻϹܿµġ
˵һίʧϹܿҪ͡
ʱϹܿܵһߣͷһһҷɫԽԽѿΪһؿڵѴַּһĴӡӡ
ֹһŮˡ󻵵㻹ȥˡϹܿһؿһҴ
һЦϹܿйΣϹܿίĽͷһļϵ
ˣˣҽ͡һ̾һ
ͰƭҡϹ̧ܿ۵ӡ
ƭ㣬ú˵һ§סϹܿ㿪ʼ˵ȥ
Ϲܿһ˿̡ļŮ״һ뿪֮飬ľ̼ڶŮؾҲԴס
֮Ϲܿһ̾ŵһڽͬŮҲ˳ɻ֮ȻҲͻˣǼŮһమǰ˵ռ˱ˡ
뼸λɡϹܿ˵
ǸãҲǳ㡣һЦͬʱҲ¶ˮգȻв֪Ƿص˫ǱҲԼŮˣȴĩͬһ޸Լܲ˵һܴź
ͻϹܿ˿ɫ͸ЩԼ֮ҹҪôȥϹܿƳһƺЩвɷЩʧĩ֮ǰʮڴ»֮ҹġ
һûгڻʱ䣬ΪţһеŮ˶ߣʱǶǵɰӡǡɼϹܿһŵʧ֮ɫһٺЦ
ЦʲôϹܿһȵ񣬲ɷһ˼ĸоһƬȡ
ʱ磬ǲǸ鰡һϹܿ°Ц
ʲʲô鰡Ϲܿ˫ȾźϼĿһӴһԵ񣬱ܾСһ˿ĸװһһ÷ɿ졣
찴Ħ˶ʲôġһһ˵һߴȥ
ϹܿһǴŴԵĶ䣬˳񾭴ȫı㷺ĸо
Ϲܿ㴽ܻ񣬷ʵ
һ˱Ϲܿ򣬳һζʳ֪ζǶʮ˰ֱ֮ǵû˶һѣεĸо
һĽѾˣָᵯϵ׷׽⿪ˣתۼϹֻܿʣ¿ˣԼȴȻ֪֪һĹжôˡ
˿£һצʥŮ壬ֵʮĴһһ̫̾ˡ
ûܵϮϹܿʼԼҪһѹˡ
һ¼סϹܿͦӲ飬һת
һҪҪٻһأһϹܿĶߴצɼϹܿϸŪ
Ϲܿ˿ҧ´һһۣһ֪˼ʡ
ҪҪһ׷ʡ⳯ϹܿеĶһ
Ϲܿнߣֻô˵óڰһĿͣһҧСһؿɣſץסһ
һˬһ£˳˲佫ûٽϹܿʣڿȥҲԼѵþ⣬ʱ̹ˡ
һֿϹܿȣŮص˽ǰ۷۵ĹԳϸ۵ëεδ¶ʡ
ҪȥˡһɳӲϹܿ˽
Ϲܿβ̧һЩһ롣
һ̣һʹؽϵŮһŮֶһԱ
ǵһΡ˲ң൱´棬һļ¡Ϲܿʹû̶ּñһس³ƶƮȥ
Ǵһĩ˯Ϲܿһ˯㣬һȴǾ棬ˬڴͷ飬żϹһˣ϶ԼһعԱʵȷǳǿˡһصĺˣлЩϴںӵ׷ֵǸضǲҲǺ˵Щڰ̻ᵽʲôϸսЩڰ๴𣿼ЩڰǺڰ̻Ļսͬڰ̻Ṵİµ۹֮أȥЩӣȻúú壬ںڰ̻λӦ֪һЩġ
һóʱеϹܿͻȻ˶Ѵ죬ͻȻ漴סһʹ
һЦզϹܿ£ȼЦ𣿡
ϹܿЩŤȴʮһİġ
ˣǻȥ밲أôҰϹܿһĴóһԹһ𴲱ߵ·
ʲôҲǹˣġһνЦ
ˣɣҸռ޹˯ײ˵ҲġϹܿڿ㣬ʼϵº󱳵Ĵӣ˻ЩЩʹ
֪ˣڵӿ衣һЦؽϹܿϵϡ
ߣھ҆ˡϹܿ졣
Уϲ˵һҲġһЦϹܿ¶һ
Ϲܿ˵ûеֿԱϲ̵һϻһ¡
һϵ̫֪ѽʱˣͷжŮڵȺ˳һЦϹܿߵöӶˡ
Ůһŭæǲڣֻжʹɩһֱǡ
йϹܿŸϱ


281 粻


Ϲܿһȥ˿Ů棬һ˵ļŮʵںˣȻҲʱȵͷǲһ˵á
һһʱƳˣŮֻȥӪ￴һϴεսֻһ룬Ѱ˼Ƚĸˡ˫Ӫĺӣ˺ܶ˼棬ϣһִľӪһɳһ˫ӪĴ쳹½
һӪʱ˫ӪȻѵټ˫ӪĻ٣ȻԸʿѵ㿪ʼսĽ⡣
Ž̨üɫ裬鲢ïһЩƯĴ۾Ҳһˮ
һţȻֱԵȴûһ˿ӦþγһֻεĴԴһ¡ıһһİӴһһͷϣоٵעӣε̧ͷٽյһǴžվһǸҲҿСˡ
ÿΣЩԹذһһۣĲ֪ղžĹԹԹҲ֪һڱӪȫˡ˱ӪЦνڱӪǲһģ˫Ӫ֮أ˭Υ˾ͶܷҲۿ۵أǰЩܰѵڼ͵˵ƣһҲʮޣ˺Ҳû˭ս˫ӪľˣֶܰҪ飬ЩС͸˵ˡ
ܰһװ׷һһһѪı뺷Ϣ˵ˡ
ܸкҪ£һЦʡ
ܰץץԴҲжʱûСˣ콫׵ʱҲûзӰ֪ڻ𣿡
һСһֱûи˭ܰС״磬Ȩ֪Сġ
һıƺ̫ãܰЩɼСõﰡǲǳˣ
һ̾һܰ˫ӪһƫƧ¡֮췢һ顣
ܰԿһؿǿɫӣŵ˵Сĩ̫
˼ǵӦûģ滹ԸоСϢһ˵ָĦؿڵԤ顣
ܰԷһ㶣ɫЩȻСΪôꡣͻô飬ĵǷǳѹ
ԺҪ׵Ǹ쵰һҪңҶҪСϵʹǧٱܰԶݺݵ
һͷǹĺӰҲֳһɷ
ӱӪһϹܿǰĵŵԺӣţҲǴ粽ظ
ţ˵ԼģʮָˣһĻ飬ںɽֿҲûˣط굱Ȼǳ˷ˣָûйѵǲ׵ء
һ·ϣܿŮڵԺӡ
λӣˣӭӡһƿԺţ㳶ɧغ
ĵһ˳һͬһСŮ˹סһʱֻһţȫԶԹˡ
ô춼ˡıһ
մӱӪ˿أһĵʵȴûзɫ৵һ±ò԰ס
ǼûץʱڤȥˣҿɷǵõɡЦ
ʱϹܿغһ§һһ˾ѹĴһǰץסϹܿСֵλܿðɣñҿƯˡһͿʼ֮ǰĲȣر仯Ƿǳ
ϹܿЩ˼ˣﰡƯأĿĽ
ŮһӾ˸ңѺϾǶ֪Ժǽˣദã»һС
ףţʲôˣҸղŻûأƲſţǰʵ
ֻϴĿõţţֱĸе̡
˵ȢСϲ㰡Ц
ţţǣٺɵЦֻţ￪ʼð˺ģȻ뵽ӿĿֵӡ
һʶģǺȻɫΪѿƺڼʲô
࣬ôˣһǰʵ
յļ鴤һ£Ҫʴ˿ǲǱ˿̵ʱ򡣺Ȼ䷿ſˣɴ˿һͷͷķ˳
ͷһƬհףֻһԼĳ߶ˣͷ亹ֱðġԼôŮ˾ȻһŮˣһʱ֮޷ܣֻͷԾᣬƺҪըһ㡣
˿̼һߵ࣬Ҳˣһߵˣҹ鶼һ㣬ļǵЩһ
һӹʹ˿̣˿Ҳ࣬еĿⶼͶֵϡ
˴ʱ飬һпһˣʮа˾మ˾˿ˡǸԽˣʹ֪ˣһһ˱ȫĵĸػ鷳ˡ
ΪʲôΪʲôͻȻޱʹ˵һһѪ״߿سȥ
ȥȴһ˵׷ȥʲô顣
ŮԼͬؽĿͶ˿̣ʱ˿̸ӵһ̾ת߽ڣļ˱Ҳ˽ȥ
ƵسŽȥһڿвظţתŸͷֻں׼ʱͻȻ֪£һʱתֻҪʱ䣬һͨġ
ʱһ͸೤̸֪İ˽ģʱ˵ֻҪ˿ҸҸĹһǳж
ܵһƬСͻȻطشУͬһֻ˵ҰޡȻֳ˼͸ĳ˲šһһаɵ¡
ȴͻȻ𣬿ʼҵ趯ŽУһɹɰ׻ĺ֮ӽƮһſŴĺݻ٣ΧڽǣȫǿӿݵĻı
Ҳ֪˶ãѾһХ˦˳ȥֻһըǰʮŴ˱˺һ㣬ȴ̱һЩ죬СӾȻڱ֮ͻˣֻǿЩڸ
һƮȻߣһˣѹסڸơ
үһ˾һɡڷйһͨƽ࣬һ˵


282 Ϥĺ


һƺƽˣӦòʲô飬㰲οļԵķˡ
ڱ˪֮һҲ¹ϣԵñį
Ȼһ˿ƮһʵӰ಻Զ֡
˭ྯ̧ͷĿ˹ȥ
شľǼĥĴ̶Ц
һص˿̵ڵԺӣŽȥüŮɳϣ˼ţԶԶضڽһһеþ
ףôôһɵЦʣһ˿֮ȥֳѹر˿̡
أϹܿʵ
һ˿̣һ˿ֵ̿飬ƺ뿪ڽʲô촽˶վû˵ڡ
ƽ˺ܶ࣬Ҫһ˾һұˡһʼ˵߹ȥ˿¡
ţȥϽֿ࣬ԶԶűãҪȥһԸ
Ŷȥˣϴ󡣡ţþ߳š
һߵŮЦʣôˡӦ໥ʶ˰ɡ
ŮĬĬصͷһֱõϹܿҲոȾˣ뿪Ҳ֪Ӻ˵ܾ£ûǲҪڡ
ô˵ƽʱһֵͦ𣿡һü
ҺöǲǸóԷ˰ϹܿŶȿڡ
ǰҲˡ帽ϵ
ȻˣǾȥ¥һ٣ٺúùһ䡣ѵӵұȥҫһʵ˵ͨһٺЦվҪšȴ˿סˡ
ʵ˿һڡ
ʵҲǲǣشԷһЩëƤͲ˵ˡһע˿̣˿ֻ̣һδԵݡù˿Ҳùࡣ
˵˵и񡣡˿Ϊ롣Ӧúһ˵ס
Ǻðɣ˵ȥԡһЦ
ܿãǳȥһ°ɡ˵
Ҳ°ɣҲûʲô˵ġ˿˵
˿̱һ§ڻУʼ˵ĸ˵ʵеˣʵһֱ൥˼
ԭ˿Сĸ˫һֱǼýصļС꣬ĸȥܴǿȴûб˻ӼǿһĪļϣ˿ʶ峤Ķ࣬ʱಢûѡΪ峤ļ̳ˣԸҲǱƧһЩø۸һεؼϣ˿һ﷢˱۸࣬˿̴Сͼ𣬱ͦҲ⵽һ˾ʶˡ
쿪ʼ˿һβͰ˿ƨɺ棬Ҳֻ˿̵ʱŻ¶ЦݣҲ÷ˡ
ֻȻ˿һֱΪ磬ȴǽ˿ΪˣС﷢ҪȢ˿ȥ˹̻˼룬ѡΪµ۹ʥŮ˼ҲԽԽԣ˿Ҳ޷װɵˣֻú˵Խôأ
ֱǰ˿һڶ̶̵ദаȴΪ谭뿪˿̵ʹôӹ۾أһ˿̣֪ˣҲǰǸһڹ̻ʥŮ˿ˣᣬ˼˼ʱһģһǸϸˣĻ᲻֪еŮˡ
һ֪ˣΪѰ˿뿪ĪǣһΪ£ȴ֪ŮһŮ˾ͬһעҪˡ
˿̵ĽļŮЩ꣬Եֳȫ˶ٶŮȴ˶˵ġ
֪úܶԲ࣬鲻ǿȻͬҾ֣һģԶǡһЩԵ
˿ĿƵһᶨصͷ
ˣڻеˣȥԷɡһЦŮ߳š
ŮϹܿ⣬˽Եħʦľ磬һϹܿŮ¥ȥ
¥ĳ¥֮һÿոƽϯ¥ǰĿյͣ˸ɫĺһϴξշࡣ
ʱķݳģҲòƽ˿ɴֻϹܿ¶ĿòΡ
һϹܿߵĶĿģսȥֺƹƨƨߵܹӭӣһĵЦСС۾н˷ǸЦ
үŷˣ¥İᣬҹŻй٣صһᣬȻûƹ˵ŷӭ֮ʣǰ濪
¥ĺ£ɿѭϢĽˮѣħţһһԶǳˡ
һʱȱıǮˣһĲȣ㽫ƹĴˡ
ôУ;ζˡŴĽˮЦ
ϲ°ҵˣѵӦúͷһ𣿡һЦ
ĶһۣЩȻ
ôǲǺܿҪ뿪ˣһ漴ЦʵȻӣҲӲҪǰߣĻҲˡ
ٹǾҪغڰ̻ˣ񡭡ţЩæԡ˿̣˵
˿̧һ£豭ŵһڣûκαʾȻ֪еָʲô޷ǳŹ̻ڼ֮ڱûţ˵ʲôأζû뵽Լڰ̻ڤʥŮһĳͻ϶޷ģʱ̻ڰ̻ĳͻʱ֪ǻܲȻΪһ˶ƽһԷ
һȻе˼ûô̻࣬ڰ̻Ҫһһȥݷãܻнİ취ġ
ʱˣǷԱʼϲˡſ˲䣬һ̫ӥżүкôһ߳Ҫ¥ȥ
һĿͻȻһͣضһĸߴĺϣӰϤĸо
һĿ̫ϬǺͻȻͣ˽Ųתһֻ˵ȫںڲУֻ¶ֻ۾
һһ˵һ˿ʣָֻƽתָȥ
һüţ˵֮УԸоʶԼʶԼ֮꣬Ҫһо˵ǳϤһʱ֮벻˭


283 


һˡʱͻȻ˵
һ˼سһԺҲһӰʵ˭
çԭסĵ˵ü΢΢
һһ漴ٺЦ۾ȴһ˿֮ɫĵĲ²еĲ²ⲻıϣǵΪʧ֮Ĺף񶼷ǳȻǰٷְٿԿ϶ֱһд
ǹ׵Ļǿ̫ӥһӦսһߵĺڰˣǸʧ֮ǵҲغӰָʹˣغӰҪʲô޷Լеĺڰưɡ
һ뵽Ȼһ˳ȥȰ̫ӥһ˵ǰ棬û˵̽צǺ˵֣һٶû˵ֿ׼Ǻ˷ӦҲһ˹ȥֻ˻һѵϵֱ˺һƬ
Χ۵־ľ¶СһƬ沿Ƥǰ췭ģ˵
һҲ̲סһ£ѵǹף
Ǹʲô治ҷǰɡӥ䶢һЩͻȻ֡
һӥһۣٺһЦҶ̫Ӿ޲֮⣬ֻȷһµݰˡ
ݣʶӥʵ
֤ʵĵطһӥı䣬Ц
أӥŨüʵЩŪУһѱƿˡ
Ǻ֪̫ӵܷ½ҿһѺ̫˺Ҳټˡ
ӥޱ飬ƹ׵ĺ˵㣬Ŷٿ
Ǻû˿ԥӵʱΧ۵һһ̿ȥı飬ֻϵƤ¶һСһǳʰ췭ĶģƱչһ㡣
һüͷ֮䣬Ϊ֪һص˰̣ڿʲôҲˡһЦʵڱǸҿˡ
ӥһż˱˺ԶԶʻ롣
һתųļŮص˰˿̼Ů֪ۡҲûв졣
ϵĺڰϢ׷ǳ񡣡ļ˵
һиЦʼҲǲǹףȳԷɣ˿ɲóˡ
ϹܿŮҲûжʣʱɫȷʵûţҲƵؿ
ģǺڰ̻սûʲô㷹֮һ㿪ʵһֱɻսߵغڰʲôͷϴǺӵضߵĺ˵ƺǺڰ̻ء
ҡҡͷ֪ӦûУ̻»ҵЩǣҾͲˡ
˺ڰ̻ỹĸºڰڰʿһüʵ
ϳ˺ڰ̻֮⣬½ûĺڰڰʿƷǺڰ̻ĺĻܣô˵ѵڰ֪ƺڰʿľȵ
һͷ㽫֮ŸܴڰʿԼʵغڰħʦĹ˵һ顣
Ȼ飿ĺȻ֪ڰʿƲףڰ̻Ҳûж١
˵֮ɫóƺЩӡ
һ֪ںڰ̻дںֵλּڰ̻ӦеĹϵʱӦΪڰ̻ᵣİɡ
񲻶˰죬͵͵Ƴһһۣȴ΢ЦƺѾ͸˼
˵᲻ôߣȥôأһղ弸ŮףҹûüأȻôһЩʧ䡣
ͻȻߵһǰ˽ůĻУһĲ뿪㣬ǡ
Ҫ˵Ҷף顣һŷķ۱֪һŮӣϲڵذ͸Լһôĳأ
ţллܹҸһʱ䣬ʱұԶߣҲϲߡһĻ૵
ҵ㣬޶ȵģҲͷҾɱǺڰ̻ȥһٺЦ
һ͵ͷãǲشһ˳תͷĵģҾڷ߰ɣ׷һĻ󵽵˭ڲٿЩڰһؽ̻Ҫ¡
ұôġĵͷ
ˡǿлǷһ˿˵ָ֮һĶĻңʱһжġ
һֻ촽һȣȻбտҰ̤¶ȥգ۲Ӱ
һд촽ĵЩʧ䣬ôͻȻַֺϺǸ˾ϲʹ
ԳһЦˣЩ鱾ӦÿûƫƫУһȴǸһˣɫռһԽԽԣɡ
һع񣬼ģ˿̣ϹܿĿڵŨŨİ⣬һɣЦ㷹ȥһɡ
˵һׯ߹ŮôҹɫеǱһλĵٸ˵ݵǹˡ
װʮɫħεĽֵϣŮƺ£ҵ꿴Ǽҵ򣬿ÿѱ㰮֣Ů˵԰ɡ
һеǮŮеĶҲȫ£һ˵ҲûеҪ֪ջǶʱһǮģӲύӵعһǮջȥŪһЦáһȷʵˣǵİղŲǰôˡ
һͻȻװĶһĽࡣĽŲ۾ȺܹĹ˫֮ûбˣѵԼˣһɲʱ˷
ôˣʶ𣿡ŮһͻȻͣʵ
ƺ˫ˣҵֱ֪ģ֮һصӦһһ˵һ
˫ǰʱҲൽˣ֪ôˣҲ˷Ȼ뿴˫ˣϾǾѵͬ飬ͬʱҲԼĽá
˿̾վһߣɫЩҲЩɬֻһʷ׳ʵһʼ֮ǴεĿհףЩʼˣʼ⼸Ůܹô飬ͬʱҲܸллǸһȥů֡
ˣˡʱԶͻȻһ󾪿ֵĺУɲʱе˶Χ˹ȥ֡


284 ˫ʧ


һŮ໥һۣ𣬱ԶĽֵ˼ʬ壬ʬϸ˪ðŵĺ⼸ʬķ̣Ȼʧӵܡ
һŮ⼸ʬϲ鿴һ£ֽؿһĹѪȫ˱飬벻ˡ
ǿˮϵħΪȻЩֲ˿̺Ȼֻ弶ˮϵ幥ħɿƺɵһ˼幥ħ˵ˮϵħΪԴﵽ˴ħʦļ
ѵ˫һҪ֪½ˮˮϵħʦóҲֻдʧ֮ǳ˫ˡ
ʱһȴʧˣ˫ĻҲ϶뿪
ɵļһʶһϴεĹ͢ϼģ˭ȴˣʵӦҲȴɽˡ
˭֪ʲôˣһһȦϵ
ڸĵ龭ҲֻһӵܵϷŮɵĺˡʱһʤѩ񻣬ͷɴŮӴﾭ⼸ӵܱǰϷᱡŮӵĺطˣֻСһӣƮ⼸˱ģŮҲʧȥӰ
ǣǰȫĳ˹һҲԸʮа˾ǸŮӱ˫ˣҪȻôɵġһתϹܿܿȴ˿Ļȥȥ˫
ϹܿӦһһ˿ĻŸȥˣһǬŲơȻŵһǴ룬ȴʤ˫صӦֻҪ˫ضԾ쵽
֪ƣһ˷ܼǵϿתֵҲûиоѵ˫뿪ˣһﲻʧ
˼ȥһΪ˫뿪ˣɱ˼үǿ϶ҪѲ飬Ϊ˱鷳Ӧò˰ɣҲ˵˫ħʦʵס˿ν֮٣һ䣬֪Ҫˡ˫ģɱҲ۾Ҳգġڻçԭ˫һѩصľżħµ۹ӴıӶ˶˱
һɽ£ĵЩʧվûҵ˫һҪȥʱͻȻռ䱻ǿĶħʵһŤȻһһѪӿ
ǿĸ̬һĵȴޱȾҪ֪İͻƵ㵽Ĳˣˮ׵ϵħﵽħʿľ磬ǿޱȣ˵ϴħʦʥĸ֣㲻ӮҲܻܡʱȴħ𵴾ҪѪˣָñ̬ʲôز˰
һһѹеĳƣӦɽһ߾ħʦض˴ħʦľﵽ˴˵еħ񾳽磬ʿҲض˽ʥ˽ľ硣
ħԽҲüղһħû˶ֻɽǱйâ͸һʦýˡ
ûж룬һһɳ죬ɽһ߷ȥ
ʱһվɽ֮ϣֻɽһһĵɫ磬ȴʲôҲһƬʱнڼ裬淢ʲô飬֮⣬ҲһܵϢơ
˫𣿡һ￩һ£ķʦӦˮϵģĽѵһﵽ񾳽սʿ
һнܾˮϵħʦ˫Ȼ繻󣬵뽣񼶱ĸ־᲻̫ΣˣҪ֪ħʦĽսǺܲġ
Ҳ֪˶ãǽȻҲһоͻ֣ŵһγԶȥ
䡱һ嫵ħ붷ըǵصس˷ȥһȻĹʱҲ˿ֲһ£پĽŰٺİʹ˱˰ɽʯϡһͷһ³ѪĿǿмѹ˳ȥһʹÿһ˳ĺһݳޡ
ڰǿת£һʼһϱ亹͸ˣͬŹתһȦƵġħ񣬹ȻһĴڣʥħʦ൱Ĳ𣬾Բһεġ
ʱڶħըĿɢɽĿֱ꣬ͬʮƯˣһ˺һŮˡͷ׷룬һƽ񴩵鲼ѣһѺڲĶ۽ϵ⻷ơŮ˰ʤѩͷɴһķȣԶԶԸоһѪҺܶĺ
أأأһпʼŮӵ϶Ϊһһ޷Ԣĸо
˫˫һӵϵסҳ˫ȥ˷ܵشš
ļȻһһͣ˶˫ʮԶذ֮Уĵ׸ܵһɹɴ̹ǵĺ⡣
˫ңһһ˫üĿı䣬翴İһ㣬һ˵
һ˫ŷȵһӣһ˶˱һųŵڵһһκݺɽϡ
˫ûɱ֣һɽڵʱˣȴֻһϵıġں˫Ľ࣬һȴЩľˡΪʲôŮ˫ģΪʲôͻȻʶˣһţȻ˫˶Ὣһɶ
һվñ˵Ŀ˫סԼ࣬˶֮Ľ
أأ˫üĽ࣬ƺǸ˵Ϊʲôô˵۹⿴ѵʶԼĪ˫Īķ
һһ˿ײײ˫ȥֽһҪʸ
һ˫ԽԽ죬ͬһ㡣ָо˫Ŀһ䣬һӣһ޴ı׶ֱָһüġ
˫භųª޽΢΢һ꣬ȻоѴħ񾳽ŮϵϢһɲǵĲЦųȥ˹
ߣ񾭲˫һ׶ȻΪ촷Ʈ䣬Щɻٴοһһۣϰ׹һƾʧˡ
һĿʹس鴤˼£ޱȣҧܺãһԻǺڵءһж϶Ǳ˫ֽţҪȻôö˶˵ʧ䡣
ʱһӣǿޱȵħ˳˴ˣʱŭģټʧʹֻһɢ㳯ˤȥ


285 Ľݲ


ɫ䣬һƬž󣬴űĺɽдС
һĨӰɽĶ壬ɽ紵°㷢ѵƮƮɣƷˡ
ãһ̾ӰӰ﷢ĵļįɽȴּص
˫Ǻ֡ӰԣԺﲻظֳ˫˵Ϊʲô˫Ϊʲôô˵أϴ
һ⣬ᷢɽϵİӰǲ֪Ϊʧȥ˫
ҽб˫Ӱɴ¶һžգһƬ񾲵Ȼ˼ȴڻǸֵˣļﲢûĴڣȴܸоԼ֮صӦǳ
ͻȻ̧֣Ӳһֵĵ׹֪ʲôɣ⻬һ̫ӶȽȽˮѹ׹Ĳϡ
ע׹ãģ֪׹ʲôȴ֪׹Ҫ
ӦûʥǿˣҲ֪ʲôˣ૵û뵽һ˯˯˼ǧ꣬ļʥȴеʧ֮ǡûȥȥݼһ¸ĸԼȫǵ
һ۾оߺХطҲоԼʧص׹䡣
ȻһͣСһȴǰ׷Ľסѣһվɽ֮ϡ
ǽһڵϣһγһƺ˹˼ڣ¶һ̬
һȫɢһ㣬֫󿪵ڵϣʼ޸ľĴȴȻۡʵǿ׵˵ʱܱͨ˻ˡ
СӣҪҪһڡ񽫾ƺ˹ȥ
һһסƺţ˼ڣһþƣȵϾİٻˡ
һٻ֣ͷ۾ϴ󡣰һʵȹٻ𣿡
ϻүӱǾ鹫ٻǵˮȡһţBƨ̹֪࣬˫ʧǱڸҪǱˡ
棿ڻûУͷΣȻһȾؼһ
òƻһƿʲôһüʵ
һ˵һаٻ𣬽ͷһѽһҡ˷ܵǻóͷһӶûкȹٻء
һ㱻ͷҡòײħצûʲô֪𣿡
ͷԱץһ֣һ˿̽Ѱض˽ȥͻȻһСӵʻ֣ȻҵĶղŻͦصƾȻõ߰˰ˣ֣֡
ˣˣҲǿڣҪٻˡһ˦ͷЦӿռָóһƿٻݸͷ
ͷһһۣڰٻطϱ㲻ƽˡƿһڣһɵصľƿɢ֮ˮֱˡ
ͷСغһڣ۾˰ҡͷԵܺȵٻĽݲҲ޺ˡ
Ľݲ㡭ĽݲһͷԳĽݲɾĽݲʮǰǲ½һʥһӵжţˣû뵽Ȼһ˿ɼؽ
Сӻҵ֣ҶнʮûгˡĽݲֻһڵİٻŽ˿ռָ
ĽݲĴС֪ǿ۹ĽһеսʿְҵҪΪ֮ˡһٺЦȻҲϲȴҲûеݵĵز
ĽݲɫȴͻȻЩ̾ǿգ޹ء
̻ʥ뿭Ҳ޹𣿡һЦϴֻ̻ǵ˵
Ľݲ΢΢ЦС֪黹Ե޷ݣһеĶԹʮǰɢˡ
ɾ˵˻񶼻ûмءһٺЦ
ĽݲҡҡͷָһЦСӣͷӵզʲô˵ǸѴﵽ֮СŮǲʶ
һᵽ˫һЩһҧ¿ſеµʶֻˡ
ʧ䣿⵹Щ鷳Ů򵥰Ľݲ̾
˭һЩʵ
ҪƴĻԽɱҿԽˣʵҪһЩĽݲʵʵ˵ĸˡ
˵ʵһﻹΪ˫еˣû뵽̶Ȼ̤˷ľ硣
СŮˮϵħﵽ˷֮ռħΪҲ޵ˡĽݲ˵
޵ҲһŮˡһ˵˫ǲܴһôһŮ˱һŮˣһҲ䡣
ĽݲٺһЦСҲһ֣ļҵСӡĽݲ֮ôΪоһϵֹһܹӵеʡ
۹ż塣һ
ż壿ŭСƨСӣѹ֣ȷʵеſӰӡĽݲһһ֮Ц
һŭСƨеſƺԼүүŭӡ
ʶүү֪𣿡һʵ
ȻʶүүҲýһ磬ҲĽݲҡҡͷ¶ɫ
һЩʧͻȻʵͷ֪֪үүõŮʥ
ŮʥʱȷʵмŮʦʲôүү壬ŮʥӦþûˡĽݲЦ
һһۣͷĵǰɣͲɾͷ˼
һŮʥòһ飬Ľݲûӡ
Ľݲҡҡͷôˣļǵôడ
ˣһӡű֮ڵһͳĽݲ
֮ڣȷĽݲһɫץһؿڵϸ
Ȼȷ׵ܷ乥񼶷ħ֮¡һµ׵б֮ܵˡ
ô˵ѵĽݲɫţ˵


286 ҵļ


˭һ׷ʵ
һŮӣʲôҵˡĽݲüͷ
㲻ǿЦɡһɫЩѿˣôǣ˱ұ˲ˮϵħʦһֱôΪġ
㿴ǿЦ𣿵үүֻǰԭѰ˿㽫λŮȣñ֮ڣֻǲҿ϶ѡĽݲ˵
һӣƺͦϷ绯ģүүľôడݷ˫ǰԭѰϵѪҺҲǱȡŮʥǱ˵Ļ˫ͬˡ
ͷΪʲôүүûһ𣿡һʵ
ֻȥԼˡĽݲЦ
һ°͵ĺʼ˼黹ǹӵģ˳ȴԽԽͿɴˣͷȻֱˮʯһ졣ˣһ˺ܶ࣬Ȼȥ֮鱨ʱʱע˫䣬ԤУ˫վǲһߣԵԶֹˡ
Сӣҿ㻹ͦ˳۵ģҪҪȥһĽݲЦʡ
ȥȻҪȥһһæӦУЦǽ񰡣ԶӦñ˭͸˵ָһԼͳԽʦľﵽʥˡ
ĽݲǼ䴩УͣһɭϵƫƧ֮ʱһŴһȫװѲߵҲ֪ط뵱Ǵڱ𸴴ء
ͷ˵סߡһ
ˣס˽ʮĵطҵļˡĽݲ
һָָָָ棬治֪Ǳ
гкȻû˴šûбĵطˡĽݲһľȣٺЦ
⡭ôȥһɵʵǳΪ½ɭϵļһڵĹҪ֪͵ȥ϶ᱻ֣İﵽпܡҲĽݲܹôٶȣ˵ﵽ˽ľ磬ɱȥţȥҲһܳɹ
ĽݲٺٹЦһΧȽϱһ䣬ֻоһ£ֿڵϽ˼¡һֱҵĺڶϢسˡ
ȥŸʲôĽݲһ㶣ߴٵ
һҲԥƮƮȥĽݲẦҪƾʵõô鷳
о˼ʮ׵ӣһǰһȻǳһҾһӦȫֻӦηõŰɣĪĵˡһϵСһ򣬹һݺύηʱѲߵ߹
ʱĽݲҲϵĶָ̻ԭ
ôСӣﻹɡĽݲһһ棬ɳϲ޵Ц
㻹ͨҲܿصһ߹Ľݲض棬
ĽݲЦҵûôֻͨĽݼƽɣΪ˱Ľݼÿһη뿪ֻͨͨĽݼҲġ
ҿүүģɣϿţһ԰զ࣬βƵĽȻ©
ȻϹתɶ֪ҵصĽݲǳɾ˵ˣһıĻ֪˼
ʧʧ㣬һҵù˽⣬Ҳ֪طֲöֲħأӵġһЦ
˭˵ﲻħġĽݲһӣһѣĿƵĶƿ
һ״ΪηĽݲֽţһ֪㷢ȷʵûһħԪأҲʩŲֻĽݲΪʲôأǼ
ʵܼ򵥣ʵ̫һܹʩųʱƵηȥˡĽݲЦ
ⲻϻץ϶ǹƵηҲûƨáһûոմԽץ㱻˵ˡ
֪صĽݲٺЦʡ
ȻһоôĽݲء
Ҳǲԣֻûа׳ԵͣȻġĽݲЦ
ʲô˵һüʵ
СӺθڣԺÿϳЩʱͷӣ˳Ҳ̽һѧϵ⡣ĽݲЦ޺
һɵĽݲҲ⽣ÿԼСòԼߣµа׳Եͣ


287 ͥ


ҹȻڣпʼΨ·ħƹµڷҡڣʯ̳ɵ·ҡҷţ໥
һŸӰħƵİڶòͣһһһұһȥߡһ˼ȴȻͣĽݲһԻ֮УﱾһͨͨڶħΪ֮ޣΪܹҰǳԺÿܹ֣̽һоֹס˷ܣȻ֪ĽݲĿģ֪ûжġ
صŸʱɷæˡһصԼԺӣţķ֪һ£ڻûлһüͷһﲻʲô°ɡ
ŵʱţӰԺſڡ
ϴǻˡţһ
һͷ࣬ƺֻϬһ㣬һ¶ȡ
࣬𣿡һڵ
ҡҡͷޱԲү㵣ˣǰ룬֪ү˿̷ҸҲ޺ˡ
һ̾һߵߣһַֻļϡܷ𣿡
ǳ鴤һ£õһӣܡ
ȥϢɡһؼ磬Щ鲻ǿ󡣶˺Ҳûа취ڸʮְԵŮֻһ
һ߽ԼңϹܿµڴ˯㡣һڴϣؿոճΪӵŮؽëһһ㣬⻬۵㴽΢΢ƺһΡ
ȥһù˿һ顣д̹¶֮⣬γһ鹵
ѾͷƺһЩһɫɫϹܿЦ
̳һߵһԵĽΪϣͷӡһ¸ǡʱһֻСͻȻӱץס䡣
һعͷϹܿĴ۾գգ͵ղ밮ɡ
𣿡һʵ
ϹܿҡҡͷһбȻ˽ػС
Ϲܿ
ţ
ˡٶŮҲ˺òãϹܿһƵ֪һͬһŮʱȻû˵ﻹǼֵ̿ģǼΪŵˣڿһŮ˺ű㲻ˣÿһ˵ɫǻ۶֮£֮ϡøոճɳΪһŮ˵ţ
˼ˣǺҲģұ֤һӦ㼫оˣſƽŻ˶ػ̿֡
Ϲܿõһı֤ɵв˲䣬ҲǰĵԸ񣬿ɻ鲻˳ɳҲһŮö¡
ӵãϹܿһػһû˯أȥλڰɡ˵Ϲܿ㽫תһߣһὫͷסˡ
һ΢΢һЦĲ֪Ϲܿȥ˿ģижĪˣ򸴺󰡣ƽӾҸ
ܿϷٺú㡣һٺЦŸűϹܿԵСƨɣĽгˡ
һſվ컹ûȫ֪᷿˿̶ұ᷿ģȥĸأһʱԥл˯һǸöðʱһNˬˡ
ʱұߵķ֨ѽһˣĵСԴ˳һ˫۰һһۣӣ
һûԥһĵķ䡣ʱɢһͷ㷢Ŵȥֻ¿㣬Ƚ¶⣬ԲĹĵƨҡҷ˵ĲζţɷԸС
һĩˣĵļֱû˵һְͦε飬ϸ޳ȣһ˼伫Ʒ
һ첽ǰסģϤŮУ˼͡סһһյ鸧Ū󣬻˶ǽĵҪγˮ
ҲǾĩתͷ촽Ѱһ촽˼ִ顣
һ˱ĵֲ࣬ɽԽ룬תƽԭش˿С㶺Ů˽֮ãָеʪ⣬С͸ƬƬˮա
͵ţתʼ˺һϵƤƤ֮ܵĽӴ
֣̹ԣսҲ쵽ڴϡ
ķѹһϣһͷ㷢ư£ճһҺ㣬Ҫúÿ㡣
һЦЦúÿɣȺúһһ˵Žѩ׵Σ᲻صץץʮ㡣
ţĵĺ㼱رǵһħצη룬ïʤĲݴиŪǽ۵Ĺ֣ܲˣСһһסСһһƣ㽫СһԼůͨС
ܵĽ˽һıһ𣬰ŮʿĽɫǰһ׷ɣʱһΪ֮ꡣ
Ůʿ۳˺һ㺹ܲӽϴҺǽһµĴ͸ˡ
ҲˣһѡĵƫƫϾҪﶥˣʱȴû
һЧͣ˫סĵײʱıһĽг鴤ſһϡ
һڸ߳еģ˵ĻСһȴǼͦѨУһһɵĸоõİĦһˬ͸ˡ
ãĴлعŤŤ㻹ûгԱ
Ҳ֪ȽǿԱжξأǼɡһЦŽķһߣȻѹȥ
ҪҳԱˣŲأĽεذһһۣŤŲСһ롣
СҹӲţôʰ㡣һҲٺЦĿЦʱССȤ
һһסϵķۺ飬ϴתͼ־Ϸĵĵֿ
ر۾ȴȻͣÿСһ˼ζûϺš
һɴཫĵȿڼϣ͵ǰͦȥֻСһһͣѽһխСǻڣýý
˰ˡĴһ嶼ˣСֺݺץסһļۿѷỨ


288 ʥĵ


һһͷһ˶ʱˣ漴ıԿƵ˷ܣСֵܻڳ̵ּسʹ
۰ֻҪѿˣͣĴʹӣټѪ˿ӽϴ͸֮һֻýа뷨գ˳
Բģ𣿡һǸرסġ
˵أķĺỨһͨȭֱ̺һġ
˺ˣҪһһ£һ
Ҫȴһ»ؾӽס
ʼ磬Ů˵뷨ʱĥ͸
бۿ˿һһĴһŤһû𣬲ȥ˿̰ɡ
һЦһĵͷ˰ɣԼǲǾ˿Ҳһ²Ÿİ
ŲأôС۰Ĳغһ
һ£ʱҲˣҲȥӪˡ
˰ץסһֽ
ţ춼ˣһȥӪءһЦ
㲻ȥںöҡһʱʮ͸һСŮһ㣬Լذ
ˣŮ͵ԵĹһĵ㷢΢Ц
ҪҪ͹Ĳ
һһͷЦðɣ㣬²ΪŶ
šϲЦտͷʵһģҲ֪һԼ飬ϧһദӣ޲ýԼߣˣҲֻõһЩһᡣ
һЦ߳ĵķ䣬ñվſڡƺԥҪҪ
һǰڱһ¡
Ƶĳ˳ܣûбʱŷ
ȥӪв԰Ρһ˿ζ
㻹˵ˣ˵һٹȥһЦ
ߣ˵Ů˻ˣΪҲ֪ɫǡֹ
Ӵ̳ӣ׾СһٺЦʹ౱̺õ㷢
ᣬųĴأȻȥˡһһ۱תܳȥԺӡ
һЦʼ磬һȥһһЩСġ
СԶˡһŻڴϵġ
ķһſڴϣ°һﻹۣˡ
һҡͷЦЦǰıڴͷϡȻװʳ̵ݸڿ˰ɡ
Ŵ۾ҡҡͷιҺòã
ˣѲҲˡһ˵ŵɫ档
Ȼűӣƺһ͸ӽС˱ϣƺ赲һߣ㻹û㵽ιι
ι˵ҪܲӣһĿĻУһһι
۹Ƶأǵ΢Цûͣ۾ȴɵģһĳ޵ĳ嶯ǹ¶Сںڰ᳤̻ܹ˵鰡
òιĳ㣬һȥǵĲգͻȻЦۣıθסؤôܳôࣿ
Цһһ£ˣڳԱˣˡ
һûȻֹӲˣȢ޲簡һ̾
Ǻˣĵ۾
ˣɲ˻һЦ
ԣⱲ˦ˣˡһ˫ֱֱۣԴؼϡ
ӵţڷĲ룬ԶôһǸжð
ǲǾýرԵر𡭡ᰡ̧ͷСؿһɫ
ϰˣһ򶼲ôġһٺЦ
ᡣ˼вᰡһ⡣
Ӵ㿴㿴Ҳܽ𣿡һ
ļæɿ֣˼غ
ġôˣӵһڹҾ֪ԸʮҪǿȻ˭ʵĳʮֺãǰ㲻ҪǿԼʲôӣֻҪԼͺãϲҲʵ㣬ĮԵˣҶϲһЦŮ˭ϲͬҲϲʮŮ
ĸжĪܶһŮ˵ⷬ˿ɲͷһУ૵лл㣬
лʲôɵѾͷҪлҲлŶԡһٺЦ
ˡ˿̶˺ܾˣȥɡЦƿһڰ˫ϵħʦоʮ
˿ĵĻвСһţһ
һЦŴţ˿̴վԺУһЩεҡҲǹҪ͵ġ
֪һٺЦ
˿̺ݺݵһһۣҪھͱһŷݶһ˿̵Ķ棬ĿƵض˿̲ţ˿˸Ŀ⡣ڶЩţԼȻһس˳ӡ
˿ϵ˿һ۵ظǴ۵Ѫɫ̥ǡ
𣬱𿴣ѿ˿ҪһĴ֣ȴôҲⲻ
ѿļǺţΪ鿴һظ̥ǣĳɳ̶ʮּЩ
һҡ˿һҪ˵ЩʲôһһָͷĴ䣬ļڵػȥ
һͷ촽ӡ˿Ѫ̥ϣںĲں
˿ȫˮ۽ǻ䣬һش̵ζһζɢһ統˿ؿڵˮֻᵽ˿ɬȴеһдĸС
ʱӷһ̧ͷݶӵһˣĶ˶˫ɷʱգȥ˻ȥؿڷź󣬿ʹŤţܷܣһǿԼȥ
һ촽뿪˿̵ŸжһͿ˿̣Ц˿̣ллΪһУǿӴ֮ܶڳƬ֪ǹ𣿡
˿̵ͷȷʵ֪ǹƣִһ
ƣһѾˡһ˵ƣ峤ô׷Źء
˿̰ľһŵû°ɡ
һվ˵ͨ㡭һ˵һ룬üͷͻȻԶ
ʦʦˡ˿૵


289 ϵĳͻ


ԭʥ֮һϣΪ˭أһſٳƶһŰ׹⣬ܵƽľϵħԪأЩ죬Ůʱܹ
ĩ룬ǹٽʱһſһѩ׼ۣĵŮˣȴǿ̫ôҲ벻һŮˣ͹ĵط͹ðĵطôһ̫Ű
վݶԶϵİâȥ¶òȴһһǾµ٣ϸѩ׵Ƥͷü˿ҲµĺۼһŮһ㣬һ֪ʲôϵôܱôأĸŮ˿Ҳἵʵķ
һȵ´ϵʱ˿ȴӭȥʦôˣ
Ͽûһֻǰץס˿̵֣ŵ³Լĵֱβһãá
ʦǡ˿̼ϵı飬Щɻ
ĩϻػһȴ̲סˣ˿̵ʦҲôĴڰɣŸкʹҲˣôΪôþ˲
һһ˿̣ƤЦⲻЦðʥ£֪ٱɸʧԶӭְɡ
һ˿һ䣬Ȼ֪λҲǰˣرɲܶԷʲôݡ
зһЦ
˿̿˿һȻʦҧҧ
һЦˣ˿̵ķϾͲƽˡȻͦƯأôͻôãһȴĿ˸ее㷴С
ʱϵĿתһ£ſ˿̣Ҫߡ
һЦһĿɲʱ漴Цݱã˽˶֪ʱЦжôΣա
ʦҡ˿ЩΪѣ˿ֿ˿һ
˿̣ʦѵẦ𣿽ߡӹɵ˿̵
Ц̫ţ˿̵ϲ㣬ӣԷΪ죬ô뿪ԼķأһĿϡ˫ĿȴʼһƬȻһ˿
ʦѾˣҡҲ뿪˿ץһֱۣò¶Ҫһһ𣬾ǰҲͷˡ
İصӣһ̾ѵͲҪʦˣҪ̻ˣڹ̻ᱻڰ̻ᲽƣΪʥŮͽһж𣿡
ǵģʦԶ𾴵ʦʦͲн˿̡˿̼æ
һеһȥô˿̵ʦΪ˿̸࣬ԼԵΪ˿ˣ˵ȷʵҲӦúúлл˿̡
ȻǾ͸ʦߡϴȰ˿̣¶˾Ҫ˿̸ߡ
ʦ˿ϣЩʹ࣬һǷһʦܲΪѡ
ʥ£ŷǹ񣬽ѰΪƣ˰ԧƺݲһѹסͷ˵
תһ֮ǰΪɱҲΪ䲻˿̡
䲻ϣ˿ԼˣֲҪ޸ңϹʲôİһٺЦʵ˵Թ̻ʥ뻹ʧ͸
ϵɫ΢΢һ䣬еɱһš
ôɱңɱİĻһٺЦ
ʱţվһţţ۵ϣֻҪһһ£Ҫȥ
˿̿˿࣬ȴʼޱ飬ͬעϡ
ձýһڰ֣ţ࣬ôţֻǸλʥ뿪Ц־ô޹˶ɱء
תͷ˿̣˿̣Ϊʦһ䣬㵽׸ߣ
ߣһ˿̻ػؽӹ
̵һֳһѷӨӨâķȣһ㲻Ƿ˿еĹȿ϶Ҫࡣ
СùĶ˿̣ԼúõģƨʦһΪ˿еĹȾԭã˸õԲŽȴ˿̡ʵⱾһжƫÿ˳ˣҿӺɱԼ
һוּһӿռָóһѾ޽Ƶһصʽ趯˼£ͻȻӰһ޽ɫĽâϡ
˾ȵĿͣҲܣɵһ㡣
̵һһס޽ϵ۵ȴһӣ¶֬һļ


290 ֮


˿̴һ£һϣʥʵɲģô벻ͨʦΪʲôɵһ㣬һУҪ롣
ϻعɫȴЩĲ԰ף˿Լ۱ѵѣ鸴ӵһĽݲʦ
һЦЦղ趯ĽбԤıģĽݲڳģֻû뵽ϵķӦô󣬿ĽݲĸֻǶԱһĽݲͷϵòͲɻڣҲĩ̫Щɡ
ΪʲôҪ㣿̬ȿɲ˵ӡһٺЦԼõģ˽Ľݲˡ
ϵȻҲάֲȥˣһҲĽݲĵӣ˼֣̾ǲ֪ΪʲôִҪ˿뿪𣿸ɡ˵Զ
һԸ䣬˿׷ȥϻôֻҪû֮ôҲκβ
Ͻ䵽һƫƧż˿һ΢΢ЩȣʵЩҵϡ
ªšһЦ
ϵû˵ʲôҲûжŭֻǵ֪˿Ϊʲôڶ̶ʱӴħʦħʦľ𣿡
һ˿̣ʼΪָѵʲô취ǿģʲôðɣ
֣Ϊ𣿡ϵ
ܡΪҾһšһЦŵʶħԪأһֱʩųһԴСıԱߵļʮŴȫҶˡϾȣһ֮׽ճ˻ҽеĶǾżħ
㡭ȷʵһţСˣ粻ÿ˶һġȵָ˵ȻĵȴǾһϵħǿ뾫ǿȣоԼټһŴʦսʿħ˫޵̶Ҳȷˡ
֪˵˵ΪʲôҪ˿̴ߡ˵Ϊæ²Ŵǹҳʹǿ۹˵ʥŮֻǹ̻һΪҲ֪ʥŮҪ˿̸ոճ׻ûأһϵ۾˵˵ͱ߼˿̸ס͡
ٺ˵ҾͲˡ˿̧̼ͷˡҲ̫ˣ⻰ҲԵų˵
һؽͷ˿һ˿̵紥㽫˻ȥһƬ죬ϻĸо
˵СȻϵУһȻó˿̵ڻǴ֮
Ҳó̽ңҲѧһѧһضϣ˵һЩḻļԺһۿһŮǲԭװĪҲ¹һСһа
ƶ졣ŭһⱩһһԴһ壬ɶҪش
һһһⱩԼڣµҲ̫ݶˣҶӾ𣿾ͬ⣬˿Ҳͬġ
˿̺һһ£һͱˣʦ˵ҲΪʲôִҪ뿪
̾һ˿̣ظͷϵ㷢ƽʱ˿ȷʵǲء
˿̣һҪʵȻ㲻˵Ҳ֪ΪСӡʱ뿭ʥһܷͬʵʱ˵ַȻڶʱħ뾫ͣȴ˵
˿̵˵ͷȷʵ˵
ʲôҪҪһʵ
ط˿̵˴֮壬һ㹦ʧʱľΪȣұع̻ʥסԡϻ
һסˣǵõ˼ҪƳ˵Ĵ֮ҲΪǴ֮壬һʧЩˣ˿ԶҪһⲻҪ
ʦЩô֪˿̾ȵʵ
ʱ뿭ʥ붼һ㡣̾
һعͻȻһЦٺҿ˶ǹİɡ
һô˵ʦˡ˿Ϊϱ
ʥ£˿̵ĻôȻҲ֪Ŀأ˵ûа˽𣿡һԹɫǿҲ͸ϽΪǸ˿̵ʱһ˿Ȼ
һƬĮβҵȷ˽ģ˿̶ԹħԶԶңԴ֮ħٶҪƽϺüֻҪͻƷľ㲻ˡ
ͻƷ֮ǲв蹷ʺһҧгݺԴħû˵˭ͻƷ֮
˿סҪߵһҲɬʵҲǷǳܳΪһŮˣӳ쿪ʼ˵˼ʱռ飬ѵǿһעԵģ
һǲģ㻹˿̵ʦ𣿼Ȼ֪֮ħٶȿ죬ΪʲôԼɴ֮壬Ҫ˿һӶϾôԼϣҪĽݲƸ𣿡һŭĶЩڲˡ
㡭ŭзӨķȣʼħ
ʦҪ˿̼״æһǰ棬ϣ׵˷Ŀɳ
Ϻ޺޳ȥħó˵۹עһ˿̵˿̣߰ɣ⼸϶вĲ̫һʥأԺҪˡ
һԾҪŮʵ̫ɶˣ˿ǰ˿ץסһ֣۰
һѹסŭҪ˿̣ĻµĻҲֻòˣϾ˿ƽ±ʲôҪ
˿̣иоԾ𣿡һʵ
˿̵˵ͷȷʵоã񲨶Ҳĸꡣ
һץ˿̵֣þ̽ڣûзʲô˿˵Ӧò
˿̣߰ɣ̫ģһ취ġһ˿̵˿¡
˭֪˿ȴҡҡͷóȵһᶨһҲߣֻҪԸ⣬ʹʧȥеħҲҪŮˡ
һĿ𣬲жĵᣬŮ˲˲ۣǰΪԼ޷˵뿪ΪԼŮ˲һУԸʧȥѾﵽħʦʵ̫ɵˣɵֳ͵ĸж
ննŵ˿̵ĳԣ𶯣ƺɸ֣Ļ˱äĿ


291 ʹŵĵ


һôΪ˵õ˿̵Ӷħһأʲô
ɵˣʦȥɣһ뵽취ġһ˿̵磬ȻЩɺޣôɱ
ǡҲ뿪㡣˿̳ղһǺòײһദҪ룬ܡ
Ҳ뿪㣬Ҫһһӵģ߳ʲôǸô죿ⲻҪҵ𣿵ûǲͿԼˡһϵ潫˿§С
һһۣ֣ռǡ
˿̻ˣ֮ǰƺҪһ˵ʲôվû˵ڡһȻ֪ҪĽݲ飬ȴʲôû˵һĽݲκ֪ģһҲһϲ޺øУȻʲô
ϣһǱĽݲͷеؾڼС˺Сƣõͦġ
Сӣôôһ˶ƳˡĽݲʵȴȻͣ
е飬һ㡣һٺЦ
иƨ顣һ֬ζŮ˶ȥ˰ɡĽݲʱӣû
һЦȷʵϹܿһ˶ڵ˯֮ŹģÿյعǿӿҪ쭵ġ
ͷ£֪֮𣿡һʵ
Ľݲӵֶü֮壿һһŮ˲Уо֮ͱɣ˵ӵо֮Ů˶ħţǱ뱣ִ֮һ㹦ʧô
һЦãö˶˵ؽҵŮ˸ɴ֮壬ⲻǴҪ𣿡
СӺ˵ʲôͷĿȻһǣ޹ңáĽݲ۵
ûвǰûУʥ뿭ղ𣿡һһϻԹƽ
ǣֻǵÿСӳ˵ǽŮŪ˴֮壿Ľݲʼü˼
ҲŲ㽫ǵʲôأûʲô취ңһ̴̵ɳϡһջӽ
ʲô취ȵŮ˳Ƿ񾳽ˣȰɡĽݲƺЩֻĸо
һӵؿĽݲһۣͻȻЦͲ뿴ʲô𣿡
Сִǰɣٺ˵˵Ժͱ˵ˡĽݲнһ̴ŵһƷڵأӵ۾ŭ
˲˵ˡһӵǺܲǵģбۿĽݲһۣЦҾͲˡŮӦñС˶ٰɣôþ͸ʮͷһ
СӲɣĽݲԵһ
ôԴˣһٺЦĽݲشֵţҶŮ˿ûʲôøУҪ˿Ҳ˵Ҳ˰ɡ
ĽݲЦҵûͲ⣬ֻҪﵽ˴ħʦ٣ﵽǿԻ꣬˵ǰһλٶ꣬Ȼ㲻ҪػҪ֪̻ǰϵ׷֮һ
ôֶһƬô޶أʲôɣһЦվ塣
Ľݲ¶һĨȻ̾׺Ϊˮ
Ľݲı飬ĻһȻйʮమŮˣԶԱŮ˲ˡһûӻĽݲƺ˻֮Уʱʱʹ࣬Ϊһ̾Ϣ
ãĽݲŻعСӣȻС
һ죬һ׵س˽
ʱ׾Թ϶һţһÿվôӪŸôһߣȻżҲȥһ¥鱨ڼ䣬ҲĸˣŮ˵ظõòˣ⵱ȻҲһ⿴ġ
ʮ֮죬һӱӪŮЦʱͻȻͨ˵µʹŵ⣬ŭһǰȥӭӡ
£ˡһﰵŰµ۹ʹҲϵˣʱս϶۹ǩʽԼʱ½ȫսҲҪˡ
һùٷţǰȥӭӡʱʵսǶӴһУһֻҪһ˵ȽӵǵĻݱˡ
ϱ߳ſڣһӳѾһ׷
һ̤ϳ¥ԶԶһ첻سżǰһ溣ɫΪɫɷĴ֡۹պͼڡ


292 


ʱµʹűٽˣдԼپﻤ͡
һţ˳¥ЦеؿͣĶ飬ò£֪ƯûС
һĨɫӰͷһӯµСŮС䣬Ѿͷһ˸Ȼ
һסȴµĳ֣˵ʵԼϵŮһоͦġ
һֻƵѥ̤ʮ־µĻƣǷɫ˿ߵģһ֪۹ĴͳɫΡ
СأһѩñСԴ˳Ĵ۾һϡ
һʵЩţ»һ·֮оرǹʱǴŰɫ۵ģ翣ڴ޵ΣԵʮ¿ˣǳǳЦ⣬ȴǶңֱ̫ˡ
ʱӺ˼λ۹ٷˣҲа׺ӵˣ۹Ķ֮ġ
һǶӭȥǰվЦ¹ǺþòˣƯడ
үˣسƯ𣿡¸ո˵һ׻Щڴͷʵ
ȻϵŮƯֱڷľ顣һٺЦͷ͵ñӣȴеһɱϮһĨضֱһµĴ֡
һȴǺ޷ӦҪǶҪһʱֻһˣһѼ͸ĳƮƮؽ˻ȥϮ꽣ʦõ˳ȥ
ĵһĴ֣һһΪ½֮Ŀ۹Ĵ֮𣿡
һЦʼ磬Ǿ¹Լλʹڳʾʵ۵ĹġҲñһ֮ˡ
΢΢һЦйâһһƤᱻݸһЦǸʵĹġүĿ
һ򿪾ῴ˿漴Ӹǹ٣Ķ벻һǧƪһɣĴһѣƫƫûһʵԵض
һһ
үɷһأýһ;ķ羰ҿͷһءƿӣͻȻ΢Це˶ȲѣһС˵ǲ˽ȥġҲþ⣬Ǳ̬һ൱غøС
һҲƴǣûʲô󷽷µﲼõ÷ǳҲǳµžë̺ϯͷ˿ѾһƶŮ룬رǵŵƢ
һһı飬ŮС䰵ѣһʵɫǣƫ𷴸֮ģɫǵ߾ɡ
һ̴̵µߣƨɻ˵ߣ̾¶ܡ
ƿϵĴŷǣȺµෲĻţȴǰȵЦ⣬̾һ䣬˫Ŀ롣
ôˣʲôп𣿡һʵ
µͷ˵ʱ۹İҲôƽҸĻţսҶһ쳣ĳĬ֮УյҲЦݣرǼ˴Ӿĵʳʣ߾ϵһЩѾѪ͸ʬҰ˵˵ԽԽᣬֱţüۡ
һûдҲ֪˵ЩʲôֻҪйҵĴھͻսΪĿĵֶδʧĸռ䡣
²ûгڱ̫ãܿعתͷһҵĲ²ûɣ滹ǻˡ
һЦЩεڽɼŵıϾżѪҺôܷβأʵ㶼һ𣿡
ǰһĿЩƮһ
һʱһƬžֻȻ֣С俴˿һֿ˿£СԴʵŪ˵Щʲô˼Щʲô
ʱͣǰͨ˵ǻݵˡ
첻֪㰵ѤõħֵƽһƬ߲ʵ
һһ죬󷽵ؽСһסһ߹ŮŶ¡
ĺƯ̾һʱ˽Сִһצг
㲻ǵһô˵ˣǲ½˵ĳСһЦǣµСȥλ۹ĹԱԼֱۣǽļһﾹȻ߹˵ʥŮ£ʥŮû˵ʲôôأ
ݵƹǵһС٣ҲǰĽɫǽһжŵ׵
סĵطǻһԺ䣬᷿Ȼµĵֱ̡߽ԺڣƺŲСֻһУæСأһƬͨ졣
ʹҪúдһ޺ˣõĽǰ۹߹սġ
ϯ䣬żһļλԱ㣬ǿ֮λ۹ĹԱüЦƾƾٱñǽ壬λʹѾˣҲ˺üһΣһٽӷǱ
˽λ۹ʹڷȥϢˣһһɫʱѾˣŮڼҵأǱ㻽С磬ȥϢ׼ȥ
ȱߡץסһЩӵһΣʼ̾һȥϢɣСС
һһȻ˼أʿҲһҲûоܾһ§סһס᷿ŶһĴ֣ڴߵ
ûʲô£һȥˡһ²ԲЩĪ
Ұɡתͷ
һ΢΢һЦߵµ£Ц˵ɣ֪£;Щ
һЦһ£Цȴһ˿ɬͦ˽ҵġ
ĿҲ֪۹۹ҪˣǱġ˵ţɫЩ
ţ֪һ
۹ҵĹ֮Уĩ޵ֻΣѾͷڼǰ֪Ҫʱ͵͵ˣҡµӿɬת̧ͷһ˵Ҫİæ


293 ٳ


һü£ôҲ֪֮Ǳģ޷ıҲܻȥı䣬ϵҵ档
׵ġµĿֱֱһЩ
ô˼ǣһĿڿн㣬һڿ
Щؽͷת⣬ϷһĨ̺죬Ȳ֪Ϊ÷ɿķģƽǵǹҵɣϣܴٳˣ˵ŮԿһµġ
һһ漴ٺһЦֱЦžҪ
һþգŮ˷ǲ͵ģЦҵŮˣʱͬգ۹۹ڸҪٳɣҲˡ
ҧ´һһۣ治׻װɵҾֱ˵˵ɣڱУҪ޵ĻԸ޸ҲԸ޸ˣԡ
ԭҵͦģ㲻˵ҪҵŮ𣿡һ˵ٺЦ
ٺõƢҲ̲סˣԱϵһ豭˹ȥ
һһ豭㶨˿УתŷɻԭЦ͵Һ˵˵ɡ
ߣΪ˵޸ϲˣֻǡֻǱζѡһû˵ءصһֻҪһľǲҲ֪ǰǲԩң
˵һʼЦŮһ飬̶ȵķɡ
ϣٳףȻӣ㲻ңҪҲֻһݶѡ͵͵ƳһһԺûʲôı䣬һ΢ЦвЩڴĪͬ⣿ʵĴ㣬һǿҪӡҲֻͬ⣬޸ܲˣһĻȴĪĺһЩϾһǹҲĹϵҲˡ
뷨һǶռˣҰȴûһô㵽ͦһЦЩ˼¡
˵ô죿Ҫµʼͨ졣ֱ˰㡣
ʱһȴ£ЦʵӦٳҲĩɣʲôأ
һ£вЩʧ䣬ܿȥַ˵Ҫʲô㡣
һУӣҲ˵ӵ׵ӣһжùҡôһЦ˵Ҳû˼Ϊ޸֮ӵжӦùУǲ½Ĺ࣬һֻùһѣ˵¼ٳײûʲôܽܵģԲ뵽պ˶ر
±ͱѩĻ᲻֪һ뷨¸мؿһһۣлл㣬һ
һٺһЦлʲôһݻˣûµĻҾȻȥˣػҲ⡣
Ҳ⡣ЦȻ
һȻɣѾͷʲôʱôˣѵ޵Ҫ
˯ҸС˯һ䷿¼һı飬˵ĻΪˣһһΡ
һӣٺһЦǻҪϢɣհµ۹ʹҲõˣʱ̸ķѵľɲ١
𣿡ЦˣȻҲ֪˸ʲô谭
һ°ڰ֣һʧ˷ͽϢôһӵ漴һСŮһЦŽԼ׵شϡ
ޱȣеҲ֪ʱֵ壬żѰֵ
һǰ·ڶס壬Ѱ˼ҪҪȥһ˽ЩĽݲĩ˽ԼĵڣһڶħĿϽɣ˵Ĺϵʦѣһһûиǳɣ˵ʲô˵ʲô㿪ЦҲֻ𣬲᲻صԼһ٣ʵȴڽԼӦԵı죬Ҳô졣
ĽݲʱӦûûЪϢһתȥ
صµĽݲڵηĽݲһƺȻûвĵӰԵЩͣɢŨŨıˣֱһֻڵʱĽݲ䰮ʱŸоõġ
һû˵ֻǰĽݲǰİϷһħĲɫһŮӣõǣ͸ֳȻʱһñԲһͨŮӣһĽݲʱŵŮˣҲŮʥ뿭յ֮ˣһ˿ʲô벻ͨϵŮ
һжıĽݲ۽ǻǵˮʵﵽĸ߶ȣרһֳһеաıˣ黹飬Щܹﵽ˵ĸ߶һﲻ
Ư𣿡ĽݲȻʵ۾ȴȻͣħϡ
Ưζѹ񶼶һͷ
ĽݲɳЦ̧Ĩȥ۽ǵۣ˿һͱСôǰʲôԵı֡
ҵӡĽݲһԺ漴תΪʹ飬޵ĻںޣвһΪ׷սʿļޣɽչزʮɽȴֻڼԺķڣѰܻʱǻڰĽݲĿɣȭͷս
һ᲻ѣĽݲļͷѹȥˣҲ˴뱲ӣǸ÷µʱˣҲʼԹ޻ڵģ飬һϣӣΪ㰮ܰࡣ
ĽݲҡҡͷͳһͣҪСԽԽȥˡ
ٺ٣ҿɲ㣬ӣ߿׷ֻǵ԰ˡһٺһЦ
Ľݲ𻭾ͳһƹڣࡣ
ͷĲ½սȫչúȥδӣһĽݲָСĵʵĽݲܹĻӦû׵öࡣ
ĽݲҡҡͷЦͷӴ㣬κηСһֲţŪıҲУֻҪС£ΪӪ½żҵġ
һЦƴٸӣ۹ڲȨԽԽңƫƫ½ȫսڼһҲ༴ˮ棬뻹ͷۡ


294 ±


һصŸʱѷףʹվԺΪ⼸һӴµ۹Լ۹ʹţ϶ȥӪҲ֪һһҹĩأֻԺţϣܼһ棬ᰲοࡣ
ôŻһѹЩֵ˭ôأһ˫ֻסǽյ۴һ£Ц𣿡
ţ⼸ֲȥӪֲڼһ춼ѵüˣᡣɵصͷһڱﰮŮϲһ쿪ʼʹĩعһĳġ
ҪҸͷ˵һΪҵĸôһЦצȴݵػ˱Ρ
װͽ͹βߣһᱡǴãǹʽ΢Ц
ĳһÿ˿һô˰ߵýͷһĻУŤñܿһצôһĽ֪ĽڻŤĸܵأ
ŵһĴϢٸоĻӲһһסܾͻȥˡ
𡭡èһܲһĵֻؿ顣
һ˿ԽԽɫѹס˲ʵݵؽֵĴƻرط۱΢΢뿪ĸ
һŴлָصһһ̧ۣͷһɫһҪٵˣ˱ӿôʰ㡣𼱼ææƿһһԺӡ
һٺٵЦţĵԷǰϹܿղһϣظֵ˰ɣħġһոѹȥĻ
һشĲµĽ磬ƿţôӰȻϹܿͬ˯һһɷʱĪǽֿһޱȵ˫ɣ
ʱķתë˶۾Ȼ¶ѸһһһЦվڴǰʼһɱʧˣһ˲ɱǾ˯ԱߵϹֻܿ˿µ㱩¶һǰ͹ǵ־
Ůһһɫ޹⣬ǣޡ
ˡϹܿӴϱֱһػУȽһͬһֻһ㣬
һϹܿԲƨɣϴȶȣһϹܿС죬÷ؿ
һĴϹܿĻԲΰţһָ޼ɵĴηŮ˽֮
Ҫ⣬ǻطϹܿҲǼ𣬵ȻĻôܹڱ˵עɻء
һȴǴҪһ˫ڷﲼǿ磬ӽǰǰһϹܿѹĴϡ
ֻţǿһʲô⣬߼оߣӵùһħצһһֵ˴ϣǰɲʱʧء
Ҫ̫ˡ
ǶҵŮˣһͬ״кˣԣܡһٺЦ˫ּӿ˽ٶȡ
Ůһ뽫ͷ˱
һ֣֪Ůˣ飬һ˷ܡ
һ£ŮſˣʼӦһϹܿ󵨵ȴʼһȫֱˬһ궼Ҫ
һϹܿţ°¿㣬߾ǰϹܿƤǽСɫǳϸ⻬ԱĵķѩȴǱһζ
һϹܿһ·£ż׵¡ѩΣƬգмһ˷η죬ʵڹһȥ˶
ȴʼįسȥһ·ĥšһֿϹܿȹ۲ܴ֮ʱĽĵ׿¶ǰȵСֵܡһĴϹܿķۺ칵ʱȴ۴ŽһСֵ˽ȥ
һһ飬ͬһ㣬Ļô˵˼أϵ쳣ĬһǰɴûζʱҲɡ
Ůһеƶޱȣͣڷص
ɾһϹܿƶˣԼ׼չ۷ʱͻȻҵĲ


295 ôܣ


װһüͷĸ۾Ļ°벻ᣬĲȴԽԽǿңȻ֮˹ǿԽԽˡ
һεؿ֮еŮˣһ˫ļƻҪƲˣ֪´λûлˡ
Ϲܿɵ˫ȴŵ׼ȴþĩɵĶһ۱һһƵſڡ
һӸڳŮϣЦ˵ңҳȥš
ŮԶһۣɲʱȥѸٽá
һѣһֽ糷ȥʱĹҲʧˡ
Сӣʲô洫ŭϵ
һƲƲ죬ٺһЦԭ۾ԼĸףͷŮǸʼ磬˳ȥ
һɫ۵ŭվԺޱĻֳУĩɢոչӦþɡ
ףһﰡһһҲŭĹײֻ֪άֳϵ߶ѣҲ˶ѡ
ŭĺ붶˶ȵ硣ˣ֪Ů˶һϢûС
һһֱӵ˶߷硣ûŭֱЦףͱˣӶ໮֪£˵ɣ¿ɲˡ
ŭݺݵһһۣĵȴʵû취ǰԼèһ㣬ڵá¼ȴҲҲˣɻԼǲˡ
µ۹ʹϾҪˡӴʹȴѵ㲻֪Ӣڣ𣿡ŭѹһȻǹ˼һӡ
ӢֲۣӢۣ˭˭ȥһֱֹû˵ڣָüɹˡ
һЦЦµ۹ʹžȥӭӡһæ⡣һˡ
ŭһıӰ̾һӻʮ⣬Ψһĵƺûʲô־ҲûбֳȨĿҪ֪ԼмĽӰ˰̬ǺҪõġ
һųȥʹˣʹˡǿˡµ۹ʲôֻҪеӵ˶ܲµ޷ʱ䣬ƻ۹ͬ۹ĽˣǱԷֶԸ۹һ۹ôȰµ۹֮һĿǿ۹ˣֻϧµ۹עҪʧˡ۹۹֣ͬηְµ۹ͼĿǰһַʽսԲῴһ㡣
ӭȻ캮࣬ûǶӣûǹ٣ֻһӽټһӴԱ΢֪ƣɴ˿ɼ۹԰µ۹̬ȡ
һ;Уµ۹ʹѾִţŰµ۹ٷԱ棬̬ǿӲֻб۾ǵȣ˵һ޷ǡ
һڿۿ˰ΣϢؽڳ¥ϣ¥ϵʶһҪʺãȴһֹס
ʱѽĳʮ㣬ƫƫһٷǺʵʵģ̫ôһգʵȫֱð̣µ۹عԱѾӺˣӲԣһͷð˼ߣʧݣ붯ȴּɻ䣬ɲڰµ۹ǿ۹ӽ£ʱһʺҲֻдݺѪ̡
ҪȥӭһʱˡһСӳ濴˿һ˵
ӭȻҪӭǲڣҶһӹҪڳ¥ϳһһթЦµ۹ĶԹҲһˣֵϢӦòݰɡ
һڳ¥ϣСһЩˮģһ裬ôյ
ʱһһȥ̫пʼƶһȴ¥ϵڳںȾƣԵͣǿĭɣһ׽ˣͱһϲŮֿڵؽЩǵһμûһ㱻£ˡ
һǳԵñǼʱҲûϢǳˡ
һ̧ͷһʱҲˣȥµ۹ʹӭͻȻһŮô£Ϊʲôôûǽȥ
һس¥¿ȥֻеһɳĴƿˣһ˳ü𣬴ŵ벻͡
ôܣһһ۾ɲʱɵϴ󣬲ʧ˳


296 


һеˣ˰Σգգ۾þĿȥûһģһѾ˵˰
ʱһĿֱںͰµ۹Ա˵ŮȴĽݲ˵ĻȴŮֺĽݲ˵ѾôֱһŮĽݲǧ˿ƵĹϵ
Ȼһӹһͷµ۹ĻҸĽݣĽݲ᱾ǰµ۹˰ɣ뵽һֱð亹ĽݲԳһֱԿ۹Գƣȴһ֪
һüͷҲҪŪˡôţϵŮƺоһʱעӣ̧ͷֱֱ
һعŮ룬ظоеŭ벻죬ŵ㣬һƬе㻺Ʈ¥¡
һ׷񣬶ŮҲ
үϣһ£Ϊ˳ʱ䣬⣬ҶҪʵ۸Ұµ۹һŮĩһڣͱ˵
һȴǲֻŮϴáԵĿЩаֱŮ뽫ϵвλػЦŮҪ߳ŭʱһٺЦҸո˯ѣ֪𣿡
Ůһͣû뵽һڶңһʱ֮䵹֪˵Щʲôˣߵļλ¹Աôӵ۾
ʱѾˣȥݹҹػڳפһٺЦŮȻЩɻ
ŮһҧҧȻƽүŰɡ
Ұţû⣬Ҫǽפôҹɫˡ£ϿʲôٺòˡһٺЦ
Ȼүô˵ҲֻڳפˡŮĩӹһػ⡣ƺνӡ
һ΢΢һŮҲסСʲôأһŮݣµ۹Ļû˵ôһλ鱨ѽ½еĴСϽ˻ܣرҳԱϸ֮أһҿ϶ûгֹôһλŮ
ոֻǿЦǿ۹ôԶĿ˯ڳأ׼׵͵λסˡһתһ顣쳣
Ů¶һ˿ʤ΢Цתϳ
ȵȣƺЩʲôɣ˵ʲôġһסŮٺЦ
Ůһ£ӿռָóƤ˹ȥ
һչƤһ£˵ȫȨµ۹̸Уʲôʱĳһʯͷĳأ
ҾȻ㲻֪Ҳ֣ǸʸϲõĸŮǰЩӲŲġĽչһЦƵƳ
֪Ľݲǰ֪˻᲻ѪһͻȻǰһѹͳ
ĽһΣɫͻ䣬ʧһһȴתȥС
һŶǰѾ˵ףĽı֪Ľݲ϶ŷǱѰĹϵĽݲȴԼĿȻһһĽݲûƭпĽݲԼ֪кˣô˵ɽչػ֮󿴵ĹڣпǼٵģ˵ĹڣأʵѾ˺˶֪
һŰʹʱȵط̫ӥĺūصߡһԽһתƵأ̫ӴӦʹŵģ˵µģʲôɵҲµõ
һһµļٳҲô˳뵽ҪԼŮˣһˬǱʶѾΪԼ˽һûмŽȥʮӥԸŮ˵ֶΣĶţмñǿŮ˾ͷ㵹һʮôɵظ㶨һ΢΢üͷ
ĽЩһոѰΪĽݲүүʧǰųƿ۹ʥʲôɣ˰»ʵײ٣ȻЩΪ֪ܡ
ôң֪ҳú˧Ҳñֵô԰ɡһϢĽѿЦǼ䶼ŵϵشζ
Ľһعλεİŵһĩӡ


297 


ô⸱飬ᱻ˵˰ɡһٺЦ
Ľյضһҧҧû˵ʲôȻĺ֪ĽݲϢ
ĺɫŨ΢紵ˬһŰʹųȥۼĻԲһͻȻӥڻԲͤߺСƣСվһ߷ţջͦġ
һǷһĨ΢ЦãƺûݽӥĴ֮УֵֻЦţׯĿǶƽһȻ֪ԽԽžС
һվĿɨһİʹţĽͣһȻźۼصһһַۣµҲֻһܹܵõˡ
һ飬ɫڻ꣬紼ƣ治ٰ
һٺЦüĿ½һתȻƵ̫ӥ˹ȥ̧һ˫˸̫ӵ£ô˹д˰
ӥȻһеĳ̧ͷ΢΢һЦΪ̫ӣԵ𡣴˴̸йϵŹǲҵո¹̸̸һܹԲɹġ
һ£΢ЦŲⲻһ
ѾͷǴﲻһţǵЦȴá
̫ӵ£µ۹ʹŸոյǲҲӦأһЦ
ӥͷҲĩ̧ЦӦˣֻʱ硣ʽ񶼽Ҵұûعˣµ۹ʹдˡ˳ǽһ£ҾԲǺ˱ˡ
ӥ˵תһĻ֮񣬵¹ˡˡټˡ
̫¾ߣù˼ǣүᰲźһеġǳǳЦ
ӥͷȻӰʹм䴩ǿҲĩǣֱĽ񼰰µ۹ļλԱÿҪѪˡ
̫ˣֱ̫ˡĽӥԶȥرӰ૵ĩڿ۹ִܵ˴ΰ»ʵ۽·ǳˡ
¿˿һֿ˿ĽӯӯһŮСתȥ
µ۹ʹžͰµĸԺӣ˵ֻһǽ֮㻷ʩɾһεġ
ٺĽˣһ룬̤ڵԺӡʱ֣ǰٻʢļڣһŲµʯϣضԺĸɫʻЩ룬Ҳ֪ЩʲôŮСȴ֪ȥˡ
ˡͷҲĩأʵƺ֪һ
һЦЦֱߵµߣժһۺɫʻڱǼһţ⻨Ϊǿ۹еĻ֣ŲףƱղɢΪлʺ󡣡
Ϊʲôʵ
ģ˵ǰͳһ½׵۹Ŀʵ״۰ϵʱ޹µĴˣʹ󰮷ʽȴ޹λŮԻҪ״ҵһϲĻͬ޸״ǧ࣬ʮʱһɽҵֻ䣬һ֮±ǧֱֻһ⡣Ȼ״۴ֻǰʱһžȻҸغѹͷʻ״۳ˣֱɴ˶һõͳд
˰ΣŴЩį˵ϾֻǴ˵ʻ㣬һе㡣
һµĽգ֪Ůʵ̫صذʥŮ빫ݲûжôҫһصļ
һҲ̶ʮûʲôģαҪ˴أʻȻ㣬ϾһḡЦݣ˳ֽеµ޼䣬ӡգ˱Ȼ
̧ͷһǺڵ˷µĺȻ俪ʼ궯
һ»˼£Ǽǵŵֲϻʻ
أЩ촽µֶһ˵ģһ˵һһƬհףֻʣƺŻĺ촽˵ԽԽ죬һǰ°ģƺ˽̻ѣΡ
ԽԽȵϢ˶Էϣ΢΢Ĳ¼Ըоһ촽¶ȡ


298 ͵


ڣһ˫ᴥķ۴Ϣӭֱһ֡
һʤ׷ʱͻȻһ飬˫һƿ̱ʯϴڴڵһƬֺ飬ظźţɷˡ
һճظƵģ޲ýǸȥֻظһȣһ˫ߵ㻹ٿڳԡ
һع񣬺ٺЦڰɣҵ۾ߣʱʱܹ͵
°һһۣЩŪһԸˣЦӿԺ⣬ҲԺԺ䣬ʲôļͥͻĸԡ
л佱Ȼ㲻ǵһô˵ˣȴ˵ζһˡһӲӵĺ£ĪЦ⡣
ø㳶ˣҾʲô°¼һָҲ󷽷֡
㲻ʲô֪𣿻õ𣿡һЦ
ֲɣ֪ʲô¡ûȴЩڴΪӥһʦôһЩɡ
˹˵Ҳ֪һʼЦ񻵻ض¡
㡭ûµĻذɡת㳯ȥֻҪһܻò̫
ǰͻȻϢŲɳٻ̲סһȴһӰʧӰˡ
ô˵߾ߣǰûôСŮƵĶ˶ţЩʧ䣬ʵﻹڴһһġ
ʲôһǷˡ˦˦ͷѼ¶ǲܵǸʱԺҵػһӰ졣
֨ѽһЩʧǵƿţسԡȥúúϴ˯һЩ˵ͻ᲻ˡ
ǽϵˮԡˮС׼ԡ
½Լþ⣬¶֬塣Ǹʵѩѩף̺ѩŵ÷Ȼͦվˮ֮СȵˮˢԼ塣
һ˫Ӱصԡ˽価ȵĻ档һû뵽һžͻԡϴ裬ЦأתͷһϢؽĹ뷿Ϊһ˭뵽Ȼʧǵؾֱԡңڴߵһ˶ûз֡
Ȼ˵ӣ͵ɲǾӵΪһȴֱ׳ɲ͵ǹعۿ˵͵û
һһ˫ɫ۴µظ»£ĲݴԱˮˢط漸֮һ޵ĺ롣ź룬һӡ̣ǹʱ¸˼ĺ롣
Ѿͷôôأң˱ǿˣһ¾ͲԿƵġ
һôŵʱͻȻСĽ𣿡
Ȼعһ̧ͷͻضһ˫ԵӣܵҪ
һۼҪ㣬Ҳʶһԡңµסһֻסͣ𶯣ҡ
һݺһҧһϡһЦҧţȫˮܵʪ͸бһĩŴƵĴˣ˷Ӧʪ͸Ŀɶµη䡣
֣ոջڵģѵһ˳ȥ𣿡С˻Ӧֹתˡ
һҲҶˣ֪ʱжôΣգҲ֪ԼβϵӲһʲôԼһͻһĳ嶯
һĺԽԽȣĴֿʼϻȥһ׽סһŻš
ȫһֹסһ޿ɷһĸǿҵĿ̼
µһһ˿־ˣתµĽһѽѹʯɵǽϣЩȵľţһ˫ֱ·һɽ壬һϪȡ
ҪôңȻһᡭһӵġµ˫شһļϣϷֲ黹ˮ飬ЩʹԼΪʲôԼ޷һԣ޳ܵ˿С
һ̧ͷЩ޵ݣ̾һǸԲʧ̬ˡ
±ͷĬ
һɿ˺ȴ̱˳ǽڻȥһֻ§ס
ǽϵħԡһԡҵļóһԡסһ˿ҵĽȻᱧ߳ԡңеϡ
±۾һƬңʱ˿̣Ȼһɳ嶯Ҫסһš
һӸ¸ϣˣúϢɡ
ã۾ûһӰ
ҸôأŴ૵ȴûܹ𰸡
Ȼ۹ϵ¶ڰʹŶ̫ԣĻҪӭᡣ
ôһסΪĽһòμӣֱƹݵСٽӴˡ
òɢһϣĽסһ
˻ݵĻԲʱҹԲֻյ谵ħƣӲݴвϴΪĵҹ˼
֪ʲô飿һпһŴϣ¹Ե񾲵ȻĽ
ʲôҲӦòµˣǹĽݲ顣Ľһ˵
Ľݲ۹ʥö˶˵һһ㵣ƺĳһ㡣
ĽһͣһҪҧ
˵ʲôĽס͡
磿û˵ʲô˵ʲô𣿡һ޹
㡭һô˵𣿡Ľ˻ŭƽʵ
żһǲġһЦ
ô˵ӦøеˣĽ񵭵
ô룬ûһЦ
Ľݺݵһ˵ᱻģҲٹĨǣֱӵĽݲүү֪Ϊʲô֪йϵ
һĿȻ϶ĽĿ˵ЩԾ


299 ˭˭


Ȼ˵ϣһҲûбҪװɵˣȷʵʶĽݲĹϵһʱ˵
ĽЩ֣̿òĵڻ𣿡
ܺãԺ˯ãûȥҤСҲȲˡһٺЦûˣ֪Ľݲ֪һڮ᲻ᡰᡱʺһ¡
㡭˵үүˡĽ̲סĽݲ绤
벻θأĽݲһԿ۹Գƣ벻ĺȴͶΪٻ𣿡һʵ
Ľսȭͷ촽Ĭԡ
ҿԼ𣿲ǲҪˡĽոտҡҡͷȻʮìܡ
벻ɲ˵㣬һὫʵ֮ĽݲҲ²⣬Ӧûһ档һ˵ĽݲΪĿȻһ֪˺˿»ϲɡ
Ľ˰ΣʼҲɣһҺɻѵͷǵҪս֪ǿ۹Ҫ۹˹ͬԻǰµ۹˴ʹ̸пǶһˡ
һЦЦûд𻰣ĬĽĻ
Ȼǿ۹۹˺ǰµ۹ԵֿҪǰµ۹ǱȻҲʧءʱѪɺʬҰܿԶϰհĽЩ
˵ĵطսսͻˣҲûʲôСֵء֮ǰһֻһˣ̬ȻȻ͸ıˡһȻ
ѪĽҧгݵ
ҲѪĻ浽ؽǰµ۹ȡֵ˭һٺЦ
ǿ۹ΣսλᷢչһĽصһ
ڷ̰ǵĻʵڴʲô˭óα˵̫أȻ֪˽ȥɣȻҲԴϾǿ۹ѪҺһںЦ
ĽҧҧĽǰµ۹ˣǰǣǣҲǡ
һĿһ䣬ٺٵȻ֮ûʲô˵ˣǡһ˵žߡ
վסĽԼٶһǰ档
ɱңһмЦЦĿⶢĽָ䡣ִĴָ档
вУĽгһѾ޽һɫĽâһֱۡ
һһɫâһһӺʯǽεضĽɫĩ䣬һƾʯǽסʦĶ
ȻĽϣɫĶж㽫ʯǽضϡâȥĩسһȥֻĽû뵽ʯǽնѣͻȻðһ˽ľ룬ĽΪԼҪˡ
һ䣬ĽϳһƬɫˮϵ磬еˮĻ컪ֻǿȲ̫Զ赲һĻȴ㹻ˡ
ĽɫԲ԰ףסԼ֣ͷŷӡĽٶȻһЩֱԼڵ·һ¡
һüͷĽʵȻѴﵽ˴ʦļͬǺŵģʵսʮ裬ӦúҲʦľ磬ˡʱ򾳽ֻǲأʵսеʮҪġ
ĽʹӣһǰĽȴԵ˺һ
ҿһû¶ߣг˺һʱܹ˶Է
ʲôĽͰ͵
ȻǿˣΪ뿴ʲôһһ㶣ЦŶĽ毺õΡ
˭ҪٺġĽ԰׵ɫһĨΣһʵжţֻһֱŶѡ
һ˷ۣޱȵĽֱһ㣬ֶʱһȥ˵һħצ֮С
ſңĽ񾪻ŵһǽ֮ǰ֮Ըҵ̸ҪԼʦʵʱȴԼһĶ֣ȻȻЩĻˡ
ôģҵҪһͦߡһ޳һЦǱѩֱϽһƬЩϧ
ĽһֱƵѪһ˵ʲô˼ǶԼмһȻԼòǹɫ㣬Ҳ˰ڰµ۹׷ԼɲҪѣһĴ־һǯһ㣬ܶ
ҵҪҲܸߣģţҶᡣĽѲãֻƤӷˡ
ûҪôҪ߹ʲô¡һĵ죬ˣƤӣĩػκˡ
㡭Ľһҧ
ˣˣأһ˳һ͵İ׹⣬ذĽֱϡ
͵ĹϵħԪؿʼĽֱļָűյĴڡ
Ľ΢΢һŸԼϵĴ֣͵͵ƳһһۣȴϵĻЦ֪ʱůů΢Ц͵İ׹ӳ£ȻЩʥĸо
׵ʥ䵭ֱʧһƿƣĽ񽹺ڵֱѾý񣬾ƴĩܹһ㣬ħⶫһֲĶǵǻʵ˳Ծôܴ˽Ȼķأ
ˣûˣҵļɡһЦŵȴĩɿĽС֣Щ渧ţ縧һ䱦Ƥʵ̫ˡ
šĽʶصͷȴȻһڳԼĶǼæֳأյһȴʥ΢Ц֪ʱֱյĻЦΪոԼĴ
ԲƤʵ̫ˣֱ˰֣ʧˡһ֪ܵЦ˵Ҳ¾ôƤ˵ó
㡭ôȥĽÿڲԣֱĸоƺĩɢһ̫Ҫˣռ˼ҵı˻˵ֱ׳
Ů˾Ҫˣûɶŵ㣬ϧΪ˲ģֻþסԼˡһٺЦ̧ͷ˿ɫѽһŵѾô˰ǹйŮҹ˾ĻԲ˽˷飬ˣҪ̫Ұ
ĽҪ𻰣ȴһƾϢ˿֮С
һ˭˽ᣬ˭㰡Ľ૵ڻԲվãͻȻԼתԼԺӡ


300 ϼ


һһײǽϱ˻ǽϵNˣʵľ޴ɲһʱϵϵġ
һͷڰֿԵͷˣֲһһֲƴ
Ѿˣƴ㻹ܻ𣿡ĽݲЦԴһ飬࣬컹ɳ
һƲƲ죬չһʹĽǣȻϱԹɸأԲԼĽտʼĽݲĶһжŲˣܳвű򵹣һ޴Ľ
һɳϣóһƿһͨѰ˼ôڶĽݲ˵Ľ顣
Ľݲһһƿٻȵþ⣬ƿ˦˦Ӳû˦һΣ̲סһ˵СӣʲôʱȥŪЩٻٻľƾͬ׿ˮһ㡣
һعʼٻֻоɭֲУĸȥ
Ľݲε̾һһת˵Сӣһͬȥɭһˣ㲻˵鹫ŮôòӦúɡ
ƽ⣬˵¶櫣һӱܲأֻǷǳʱڣôߵÿأ
ͷΪҲֻ߰ǼȻ˰塣ܲܽӱɡһ˵
ȵôҪʲôʱ򰡣˵Ҷһ߻ˡĽݲü
ȥ㶼ﵽؾˣǲˣɱһٺЦֵҪսķңæȿ϶ϲֹһһֶĽݲԽ
û˵ҾͰȥĽݲֵ
Ľݲ̬ȼһЦûˡֺ٩һĽݲͻȻ춼ôˣ㶼ŻؼŮˣôôͷ
һٺЦЦⲻįҲ֪һɫΪֵ߲嵶
ǺǣҿΪŮ˲ֵǣ˵ɡʲô飿ĽݲЦһĺƤϰˡ
ʵҲûʲô£šǻܲһ¡һװ
ĽݲĿһӿռָóǻСصݸһ˵ԣСëëſɵСһ㡣
һӹ̯ӡ̵ٴγǰһ˰ΣǵģĽ񳤵üһģһüҲмơֻǶԱĽȻ˼ɬ
һĽݲɻСЩ̫Ծ׷ʲô飿
һعһҽӴİµ۹ʹŵĴӳʮɻ󣬻չ֮ǰǲǻ˺ӡ
Ľݲһɳվ˫ĿɵϴЩȷǸŮ˺ӳú񣿡
һͷԳŮ
ĽݲӾһηȥͻȻչ֮ǰ岻̫Ż֮ʱڼмӵķĹΪȥһֱԼʱûвӵزֻôһ룬ǸŻƺǻеѵ
ȥĽݲһһʵ
ôڻһʱܲȥġһĽݲСһϲ棬ϰ߿ɲá
Ľݲʼ侲תʵ˵ǰµ۹Ĵ
һͷҲһֱʵأĽݣ»ҲĽݣ֮䡭
֮ûʲôϵ𣿡Ľݲһ˵һشֽŵµûʵµ۹֮ȷʵЩϵĽݼڼǧǰǿ۹ڵ֮壬µ۹ĻǧǰΪĽݼأ䵽˱սҽչǰ£˰µ۹ʱ֧Ľݼ峤ȷʵžޣֻǾʮǵһһˡ
ԭ»Ҳǿ۹İǺǡһЦ
Ůҵĺˣôܵµ۹ȥأô»島˹ϵ굽׷ʲô飿ҵúúˣǸŮʲô֣Ľݲüʵ
Ľ񡣡һ
Ľ񣿺֣Ǻ֡ĽݲЦ
øƨ֣¾ĽСҲ˵ְɣһ
ûʲô˰ɣû¾ͿɡĽݲֹһ
һسĽݲЦЦ⸱ȲӣһܿܽȥĽ
һ˽֮ĩԶĵضһԡȻûãһĨӰϢʧ˿СһһЦȥ뻹ˣүκʲôؼλȥɣ֪ɲһأĻϹܿͬ洲˶컵龰ֻԺζһһƬŸȥ
ݣһǽ֮Ժ䣬λͬҵĹڴշתࡣ˯𣿽췢ôܹ˯
ѾǵڶˣζԡңһǹпԭϾԼԡͰϵġأǳһ͵˵ȻַԼķƺûжķУ廹ϲĽӴ
ѵһŮ𣿻ϲˣģǻôᣬôϲأһǴһñӽͷסߺһƬȻԼΪظ˵ĵط̫ˡ
ԾأһָԼ飬һ֮䣬һöһ˿ĸоȴûһǿҵĿУѵħ
ʲôʹһǸһｫˣôͷأ
ͬʱĽںķ˫ŴɫʲôأѵҲһ
ǵģһ˵ÿ仰ҲùϵħΪԼʱů΢Ц
Ľһ̾Ϣһ˵Ҫ̫ģȻɲΪϲֻǾһصˣʱʱãս̵⣬ʵߵףҪʶԼүүĽݲһôСͷǳݵˡ
ĿԼүүĿ𣿡ĽŴ¡
ףʲôĽͻȻϳһκӰɾվ


301 ̸


ⲻһ˰ɣĽ񾪲ĪȴͻȻǰκӰƺǳ
Ľ룬ͼǺӰ޷ŴֻǶ̶̼Ϣʱ䣬ѷĴǰ
էȻܾ£Ľ񰡵һ˼㱻Ӹ赹ˣĩʼƮڴڵľȻһλ׷ߡ
˭Ľ߹Ĺ򣬲
߲ԲֻøӵʱʱˡĽ΢΢һеĿ־ڿߵʼɢȻطеĸо
Ľܹ»ʵίΣƻˣǴ֮ˡ˼Ժ﷭˼£һһ󵨵Ĳ²ԺУܣֽŶɲ
үүү𣿡Ľе˫
߸ӵʼ䵭һ̾Ľķ䣬ûлشĽ񣬶ʵʶ𣿡
ĽæͷҵȻ֪ˣ̵֡
˫ĿĽ
Ľҡҡͷûм˵Сʱȥˡԡ
תŴ⣬ͦεͻȻЩ͡Ľҧҧ´˵ЩʲôȴһԼѲ߲֪ܶʱתֽһϢںֱײ
Σ߷ſĽȻڿһ۱ȷԼŮΪģֱԼӵķ棬ʶмơղĽݼеϢ֤֤ŮԼżΪ׽ѪԵϵʣԼŮ
˵ʵսҲӦûʹߵģֵǣսȻһȫȨ̫ӥԳǷ糯ˡ
Ϊˣһŭɻ֪սԸˣΪսȻ㲻ǧҵҲڷܣʮĩȱϯ糯ʾѲżҷɾ
һŭ鷿һϣջǾˮڣƻ˵ʱҪȵ½սȫ汩ʱһ¡
һĵط۱۾ѳͷ˯ģ΢΢𣬹һĨǵ΢ЦֻߣĲ˯ôеľʶȫ׵ߣʲôطɵĻأ
һЩůů˼ķŮ̫̫࣬ûԼӱ㲻ô˰ɡ
۹µ۹̸еӣһ˼лع񣬵ͷĵĴһǣ´·˳ȥ
̸ӥ̫ӸУһȫȨ۹̫ӥල
һ̫ӸʱӥڵΧתЦʿڣźܶС㶼УʱһҲòӥԸŮ˵ķǽĽһߵһһ©ôԸ湦ҪõĲ
ƿӥΪְˮսһһظ飬һԺЦҲ΢΢Щ⣬ӥֶٸһ°ܽ
λðף̫Ӹôңѵòʱ򣿡һ̫ɫƵصЦ
үʱ̸ӦʱʼˡĽӻһıЩ֣ƺЩʲô
һǷĽֱ飬ӦĽݲԵʡ
¼һĽüĿ飬ﲻ֪ΪηһĸоֱһⱩ˵ըˡ
һ²䣬ͻЩһתͷպü¶ݺݵɻüȴµһߡ
ŮˣĶһһֹһҡҡͷȴ֪ӥ¶һ񹥻ﶼ켵ʷˡ
˿¶ݺݵضһΪһӥ˵Ҳ椸֣Ů˵һЩо֪ʱֶԶ΢ЦǴ˾롣ղһǴЩζŭȴʾһĸ鲢һ㣬⵱ȻȲˬ
Σ۹Ҫ۹˵ģӥ⵱ȻҪݵ£¼޸ԼôȨĹ̾͸Ϊ̻ʥŮ֮һܹ̻һϵ԰һȴЩ̸µòʵߣôŮˣҲûһòʤµŮˡ
ӥԱһĻµĹԱߣһԼ֣żһϵĹԱӦ̫ӥģ̸ȨȫһֻǼලֻλˡ
һȣֶһһӣЦҪվ˫ѹ̸ϣǰ㣬ǵ΢ЦЩɭĸоǿѹȡ
Ҷˣ˾Ӧ˵׻Ϊ˽Լʱ䣬Ҿʹ򿪴˵ˡһһ£ŵʹĿ֪֪Ҳ֪Ҿ۹ǩͬЭԼڰµ۹ǾͶԲˡ
һ˻һ˶ˣ⻹̸ôֱ˵һ仰ͽһжġ
Сӵ׻᲻̸УӥһߣҲǾ֣ȴȻסû˵뿴һôճ
ӥסµ۹ĹԱɳסһλɽӵİ¹Աߵվҿ飬ǿҪ۹̸йԱͲ֪ô̸С
źЧĻҲ⽫ǰµ۹ʹźȥһٺЦɭ˺˵Ļ
ֵǣĽһ仰ĩ˵ֻǵͬµ۹˳̸Уܹ۹̸С
һĽŮ˵ķӳ֮⣬ſصĸоʮֲûбֳֻʼȻԡ
ֵӥˣµ۹ʹĩҲ̫ô˰ɣŮһ֮ĳЭ飿
һ߹˹֣ϽһͬԼһϡһеԼ˻ΣָһԼƮƮطɢ۹еĹԱǰ
Լ˿ϵĽһţ̧εذһһۣƽԼû⡣
ĹԱֵؿ˿Լҹֿ˿һ̫ӥ׷ױʾû⡣
Ƕû𣿵⣬ԼĵΪдȶʱ̫ӥͻȻվ˵


302 ̸ϵķ


һٺһЦдı۹۹۹Ĺ¼żĶүΪޣɴ˹˹ϵ
Ϊܺð¹вŮòãν䣬֪̫ӵкһٺЦգգ۾
һȣһƤҲ֪ʲôɵģֱȳǽҪ˭Ǿ䰡ô룬һ˿ȴͷ
֮ȻӦǻ֮¹䣬ƺе㲻̫׵ݹ۹Ž񣬹֮ˣĪүΪżᲢۣ̫ӥƤЦⲻЦضһһʳĶߣȻ룬ֱ˵Ŀ
żǲԻᲢۣżԿ۹ؿɱֻеѡ¹ѡ˿νã˵ȽϺãҲһشأֻమһ˲βƣҪһһСһ󳳣¹һ֣Ĺϵ̫ˡһЦȻǺ˳мֵ
һôһ˵е˵ĿȫתƵµϡ
׵ȭͷյȴһ΢ЦһﾹȻƣìͷȫָˣе㺦ߡⲻ˵ΪԼŲҪӥ𣿱ܷҲܷϡ
½ߵصͷȴһûעĿյݺݰһһۡ
⡭ҲУģһԲС̫ӥϵŮûɹˣǸ˻żҵˡ
еĻ̸оգѡġµ˵ӥԣҪ޸˲ɱ֪۹ҲҪ۹ˣҪֻһʽսɵ档
һƬõ̸Ϊѡ˽֡ӥô˵¶òһ䲻ȵزϼ䣬ֱӥҪѪǰô֪һҲôأ
ʱһһĹȥˣתۼձɽˡ
һȡϾغ˵ģ۾ȴʱĽɨţŮûе׷ġǽȴһŬûֱȨˣ֪Ǻ滹лؾô
ĽȻоһ̽ѰĿ⣬ȴװֱ֪ӽһӵ
һĽȻааһЦĿһЩʵʰĿרŮеزλɨӣرǸʵ˫Լһ顣
Ľˣвλʱشһĸоһֻ΢΢ĸһ㣬һƻŮܡĽҧأһƬ죬ݺݵһüۣһĿȴԽԽˡ
Ḷ̌бڣ˹ȥ
Ҳס̵ʲôʱ򣿡һаЦѣһۣüļؾɣγֻεָȻаظĽѳСӣһ
¿ɲˣĽͷϮ⧲ɷ֮£ͻȻһű˫ֻأһƬ
еĿµ৵ֵĽ⵽˷ӵı飬ǰµ۹ĹԱ׺Ӷˣ˵ҲûǸӸҷǵعпܵһȴӵһߣʱıҲһĽ
ףôˣҧ𣿡һıޱȣһ˿ڵ΢Цȴй¶ʱ顣
ĽҧгݣǱֱ뽫һ̻ˣȻû֤ݣһٸ϶ֽţȻȻĽûȥˣ޺޵£Ȼŭ
µһһȴ޹ʼ磬ЦҪôңҶڶ಻˼û˵ʱôô
µı齩һ£ʱ鵹Ľһˣֱݺݸһô¡
Сݸһ䣬̫ӥͬ˵¼żΪޣ֪پȥҲ̸ʲô㱨ڸսҲʲôı䣬ֺα˷ʱأֻǿϧˡ
ˬһʱ䣬ӥΪһ䣬ʱôôȴֲ֪ڱڵ类һڵĺӰ⡣
̸ɹһ·ֱһʽԼǩָħӡ۹۹ʽ
ʲôҰôÿ𣿡һڻݵĻԲҵ˶ڵϿһ䲻۵ҰĽ
ĽͷҲĩֻ̧ǵȻôƯٱĳ˵Ҫ˳۵öࡣ
һӣĽеĳԾָЦĳǲҪԶʧأ
ȻĽվתֵڴ֮ǰҪ
Ľĩ˵꣬ͻȻһźݺһСȡ
žһһ˿ĩĽɽ𼦶״ϵһֻСѥȴ˶ȥڿ߷룬ٵ˲ԶСˮصС
ۣôһζ㼸ûϴˡһһסӣȻĽ񿴵ģѥɳȥʱŵһζֻǳζǴ㵭ŵζ
㡭˵ÿ춼ϴüΡĽ৵һǺˣһӶӣȻ޷ˣһӵҪѵ̸ʱķ֮ˡ
ѵҸղ⣬šһЦŽĿ£ĽֻźӵĽ
ȥĽյŵ㣬һֻӵˮر뽫ֻѥ
һһӣѥȴ۾һɵϣڵðѥϵˮɲʱˡѥĽͻȻץסֻӵСţ˽ȥ̫⣬һЦվʱĽЩġ
ðΣĽع񣬴ѥӵСڵϲ˲䣬зһ˿ĸо
㲻ǡĽһ˵
㰡ⲻ֪һЦ
ңǿ۹۹޽˵칦磬ֻһʧ߰ˡĽ
һǷһĨ΢Цʧ𣿺Ǻǣǲǣֻһ£Ϊʲô
ʲôΪʲôĽ
װɵһкûóΪʲôһüʵ


303 뱱ļ


ΪʲôҪĽ΢΢ת˫︴ӵţúһ̾ү˵ЦˣȣôҲýʵ𣿾кҲʱˣսǲı䣬Ȼˣֺα˷ʱأ
һĽֵֹЦЦ㲻֪ܲ½ľƣֻһ죬ǰµ۹Ҳкôġ
Ľûٴ𻰣ԺȴֳǸҹĽݲĵһвؼǵĽݲʱ˵Ļ£˵˭ܹͳһ½żĪսսΨоһпܸǷ㡣
ĽݲĻĽãջѵľС׹Ůһİ»ʵۣһھΡ
һĽþûд𻰣ֻüԼ˼֮У̲סһ
һ˾һүɡĽ۾һе㯡
ȻˣΣлл㡣һҲǿ˵תȥ
칦ĻҹɫҲԽǳ硣׶ְꡣ
̤ҹɫһ΢صŸһĨӰվԺм䣬Ϫˮ֪Щʲô
ܿô˯𣿡һƮȻϣӺ滷ס˶Сϸ㿰ӯӯһա
ˣȥŪЩġϹܿףǹԵø⾧Өá
һϹܿЦˣұɡ˵ţһͷϹܿƵķ˿С
Ϲܿ۾ű˵ůΧҸоֲ̧֣һغڷ֮СץͷƤ˾ҹɫ໥οţЩĭĸо
ȥ㱱СɣոһءáϹܿͻȻһ˵
һ⼸ȷʵ˱øͷţƵŮÿڱӪŬһ̸һ֪ʶԼҪʮϸѵƽ˫Ӫʿǿȵѵȴûǰһۡ⼸켴ʹҲϰԵϹܿĵķܣȴĩȥķ䣬ȴʮֲ
ܿһӣȢظһЦű˱ϹܿŵȷûȢƽûСʱһ˿
أȥɣ춼ˡϹܿ˷Ŀ佱Ц塣
һͷϹܿһ£ȥ˱Ĺ뷿ȴûпϹܿЦݽеɬΪԴףΪ
һڻûʶǴϻ۵ϹܿȴһҪ۹Ĺ֪ˡʱȣһҪǾл֮һҪǰ۹񣬵ʱǿ۹½ӭпϴƣʱսҲ֪ʱ¾ˡ
һƿ뷿ţһƬгŵ㣬ǳš
ڴϣȫñθסͷû¶ߣ೤͸˯Ƶġ
һŹϣ¶һ΢ЦѾͷװ˯ı쵹ǼˣϴڱӪ̵Ķѧò˵ʵⰴտ͹жϣһҲΪ˯ˡȴ¶һʮִǾһŵʱûϢ죬˫ӪѵôãĻ仯Ƿǳеģһ춯˵ĿŵŶȴһ㷴ӦûУⲻװ˯
˯𣿡һڱĴ
ȻûзӦƵû˿ı䡣
˯ˣãǸһζһЦĲĺһɲǵı仯
һĴڱḧţȻСڱӪǱƤȴ缫Ʒ˿һ㻬壬˿ֲڣŮֶˡ
ĦһһĴ˳ű£°ͻůĽУֱеȥ
ȻһһȻѾͷͷȻƬƣֱǻ顣ǱʵĴУʮ㣬һ̲סСֵɲʱܴ̼㰺ͦء
һã˫Ա棬ѰȻͦǸожˣرǱѵǿȴ˫ʵͦΣָзһŮᲢۡ
ɸ֮ǴӿƫƫҪװ˯һоСڶֱȫؼ˷ۺɫ´ѱϪˮʪ롣
Ѿͷ㻹װʱһЦţоı仯Ĳ
һȥ֬ǰֳӰһ㣬˼òСءǸʵ鱩¶˿УۺܵĴ̼Ȼͦűƽ̹Сû˿׸⣬ͦ˫γǿҵӾһ鴦Ůر¶ǰʱһס˺ڷ͡
ǸСޣʪˡһصڱ˫ȼһָͣϾӨһƬ
һĻװ˯ıһ˫ȻнʱһҲôˣ½·ʾڳɲ״ѩ׵¡ζŴ⣬󣬼ӲСֵܷ˱˫ȼ䣬Ħţûȥ
µĴ̼ñغԽԽ٣Ҫˮˣеؿһʵһ̵ĵɸ׽ԲƵģÿؽβʱƵ˻ȥǲǿɶĶɽȥ
ڣ̲סˣɵҪˮӣҧ´С׽סһĵƤСֵܣƨһĿɲʱˡ
ףˣһЦǰһ£žһײ뼰
ᡭ졭춯ƨĥ
зһЦ
÷ƻؽ
һض£ͣЦҪзҡ
𰡵һͷ˱㡭ô˼˵˵ô˵Ļ˼ҡ˵ڡ
ûˣѲ˸磬ġһջ˫űȫµе㡣
ֹһһӿͣã޽ߵؿڵ졭졭ˣ̫ˣ󻵵
һأȴ뱱·˻أٺЦ˵˵ҿɳˡһСֵ˳
Ҫ˼˵𣿡Сסһƨɣĵغһһۣʼڵ졭ҡ˵Ǹʱ΢š
ʱڼֱִɵĻҲȤһ̼쳣§סʼس̡
ͷһˣ־ͺ׵ߣһӱſˣﲻϣ޵ĽƻСޡ


304 йŮ


ʱۣץסҲŵĿڲš
ɫˣһƬžʱĸɽɽĨӰȴԹȰٶƶţƺڲƫƫȴûһ˿죬ֻ΢ӿţԵʮֹ졣
ȻһĿİ׹Ⱪ𣬼ɫĹâǰ㻮Ӱɲʱֿͬһȶ˿Уһڿзų׹ȥٶȣ˺ᱻҳࡣӰɽϵʱӰȴһصڿһŤɲʱס壬ɼӾ𺶲ѡ
µӰһЩǱؽɽϣڵϴڴڵشŴ·ѳ˶װԵʮֿЦ
ĽݲӿƮȻ£һͷ׷룬ˡ
СӣĶϾҪͻƽ뽣ʥľˡĽݲЦΪο
ǣҲ˭ʥʲôٹ꣬һﵽľ硣һЦĽݲָԶħ֮ǰȻͬνһµ̨ףͻֻʱ⡣
ĽݲٺЦЦҲȻﻹΪ̫ܣһָߵˡӿռָóһƹڣҡҡͷ̲סֵСӡϿ취ȥŪЩٻƣҪˡ
һбƳĽݲһۣٺЦˣֲɣܸɰ߶㲻ӷ
ĽݲһɣüĿͷӷˣͷӡ۹˳
һ¶һĨζ΢ЦǰûûСؽֱ۹ĽݲļϣͷҵȻ֪Ĺ󣬿㻹ûңŮȥˣôƾʧƵģ㶼ûЩ¹ԱƨɶŻˡ
ôһнţô֪ȥˣĽݲĿһצЦ
᲻֪֪ǶҪˡҲˡһû
֪ʣСӸòǴɡĽݲһĥšСӻ飬ԼŮɲܱƭˡ
һһ˵Ҵ㣬ŮȻǿһŮòҵŮ˿ɲԶˡ
С֪ƨȥͷķĽݲһһƨɡ
һ㿪ְ˰ڡѳȥ
ǵϿգأһһƳ˷ʮɫħƣȻʱҹҲѴȣ֪Ϊνȴûйϵħơ
ʱһ˴ɩܵݸ˷ϰﺬ̵дֵֽѹȥʱ鱨ȴĩ͸а
գҪǾлˣڼȴ֪ǵƻʲô仯ɩ뼰صغڰֻʲôľٶأżֻ֮ĳͻˣһĪصģǰأʵ仯ˣͷԡ
һԥһ£һ˺溬סԺӡ
̵Ĺ뷿ƹɼһڴǰȻڶ绶ˮ㿪ʼԾ
٣βһ𡣡ŴӷƮ
һһϢȫ䣬Ϊʲôܹ̾ĪʵԼ֮ϣͲ˵Լ
֮Ȼ̽ĵִүҪӭô
һüͷȷ̾ڽԼȻѱ֣ҲԲˣ󷽷شӰ˳֨ѽһŶͼúһۣؿ¶ѩ׼üĿˣʱ٣˵öָ䱼й
ϰֶΣ֪βҵϢûκһ̵ǰӰӽСȫסˣ˵Ϣӳ
̵ɫԲ԰ף֤ʵһ൱ز࣬ΪʲôܹһϢأ
ʱվźۼغһӰ˳˫һɨһۣЦ˵ųģү𣿡
ǲšһЦľϵζҲסˣȻź̵Ĺ
ȻţǺҲû취ˣ֪үôݷкҪ£Ȼ֪үСڣйŮһԺл̽εε΢΢ǰ㣬һ鹵ˡ


305 ϳ


һԺٺһЦð̹ؽź¶鹵֪ǲǴƺŵɢ㣬òǿҵ
һһڿˮЩ촽аЦйŮһɵʲôǲǶԲӪأ
үҪʲôһ״˫ֱǰ˫ͻ֣Ǿı飬ֱ˲ĿС
һаЦűǰŮǸ˵İϷǲצס̵°ͣЦһ˸һŮ˶һң˵ܸأ
ҪүŹҰɡƺϷˣģְ
Ź㣿ҰһЦ
ү㣬ŹҰɡ̹溬ŵĳȴ֪ʱ䣬ǰ籩¶һǰ
ǺðɣүͷŹ㡣һȻԵõس֣ɫһӱһϣϷʵضĻ
Ȼ˰Σһʱ֪ôˣʱӦûһһеҪַԼôȫ籾ߡһʴӡ
ôôͦʧģѵүұ̬𣿡һٺЦָ°͵غȤض˵
̲Ǽ˵ع˹ؽĳϣЦүȻǵ֮ˣƽ˼ģǶûˡ
ɧӵͦŵһЦ
ŵıǮ𣿡һͦظ˵ķӹɢȷš
ǳϣ˿ĵһۣ뽫ռСһźε飬ͷϡ
ƺΪĿЦǷθǼһһʿˮ
ֻϧϻûһд٣֪үû᣿ĵҪˮһ
һоź͸ģַɲĩŮܹɢóģĻǲţ˻װۡ
ţſԡ̼ջͷڷ۴һһаɲʱðŻָ侲
žˡ̼һΪ֪ضһܱȡҲ㽫ˣĻıоһ±öׯ˵үԴ±ˣֻСŮиʣΪûûҹضңһ鵥Ůϸһ˫۾ڿӡүܷ͡
һԺܲ˶Ӳ⣬ŮԼܷ֣οЩʵԼԲ鱨ԱЦϰ֪ɳأ˵ɫŽռΪأ
үҲòŷˣа취֪Щ˵ݡһˮʲô豭ڿն糤۾ɵһǰûκϢй¶
һ¶ɫӹ豭ϸϸһڣ濪ڵҺɻ㵽ʲôˣµ鱨Ա첻ĵϸ
һЦվվڴŴ⣬òŻع㷢£ڶϣʱ䲻ˣүûȥˣƺء
һɫһ䣬˺һۣʧ˺̵Ĺ뷿ڡ
һǬŲ˵˼ޣϢ֮ѵŸʱŸƻͨϿƮʮʦǽϵĴԲΧһͰһ㡣
һɻȥԲ龰һֻԲһƬǽ壬ȵȫ˸ħĹâ֫ǱħӳֹĽסҵţŤΣ˫ĿŹĺһֻ޵Ӱ֡Զŭһҧгݵ࣬һͷͷɵޡţվڲԶþЩ޴롣
һĿƮȻţǰ⾿ô£ôͻȻ
үţҲ֪򶷵ܳЩħʦභɱ˼ʮأղűסˡţвŵ˵
ʱһŭСӸˡ
һմ󾪣˶ǰŭǰף֡
ŭصһŭⶼⲻТӸɵĺ£ֵյĶһЩʲôˣȻҪɱΪףձҵļա
⡭ôܣû°ɡһŵ
˼ڸһʱԻָŭ
һתͷס࣬˫۵ĺڹ⣬ƺɥʧǡһһֽš
ףǱ˰ˣŻģ뽫Ҵðɡһ˵
ˣҲŭ
Уҵˣܽɸ״ˡһõŭӣڿн棬𻨡
ʱһĴ첻֪ð˳Цܣĸף㲻Ϊĸ𣬷ӿɵð
һбɨһۣұˣҪɱȲȹҵʬ塣
㵱Ҫŭʵ
һ𻰣ֻǼᶨŭĲԶ͡
ףܷż廹кţ״˵ֺڣ켱
ŭһΣȻһ̾ΨһϣվҪ۹Ĺڹ˽ʱֽˣҲ翴ʵǱ˿Ƶģ˭ɵӶܲµˡ
һһָΣȥϵĸħţԼԺӡԺģϹܿб𶼲޵ĵ
һû˵ʲôֱӴţԵ˷䣬һŹס
ţȳȥһ
ţӦһ˳ȥһޱضŵϵ࣬һһ硣һһƺڰ֮̽˽ȥ̽һоеڰħеİڿֲ̫ȷ
ϹǲǸðͷˣһȵϴα֮ڵϼһһֱûðͷ
˺ü飬һƮĺӰһʶ£
Сӣл갡Ӱû
ن쿴ô£һЩͷ˭ϳ鶼ò
Ӱ䣬˵ĺڰħѧżȥ𣿰ڿҲѹֿ֣ǱĽ˵ģǱڣһʩᷢӶܵʩߵĿƣ˻֮пܸϴθСѾͷͬһˡ


306 ȫ


һüͷȻսĺڰˣǸصĺһֱǳɵоǸ̫Σգѵ౻Ҳɵĺ£
²ĻͱսѾʼжˡһɻǣսѡڽʵڲ̫Ըվ۹ӣ˵ǩЭ飬Ͼĩĸжŭ飬ؽɿ۹ڲң۹û׵ĹϵҲһɢɳľǰµ۹кξ壬ֻҪһ۹۹ķ⡣
԰ôĴɱжǰµ۹ѵǺڰ̻᣿һԺһ˲תͷ
Сӣ㷢ʲô㶰ûʲôҿ˯ȥˡӰһ˵
Ȼ£뽫ϵİڿ˰һعæ
㵹ǰҵӶˣʹӰû
˭㵱Ӷˣǽ㵱ֵܲģôŮƵϲƽϰһʵﻹʮָлԭӡħʯĺӰģһֱٵĴæüξȹ
˵ҲŮ𣿡ӰЦһƺðϵ࣬գۼ佫ڵİڿˡ
ˣŮˣ˵ĸҶšһٺЦ˭֪ո˵꣬ʶһҵĴʹ
áֵܣ֣ͣСܴ˻𣿡һæġ
ӰصЦ˼Ϣûһʶڡ
һ˦˦Դǵ취ⲻ֪ĴԼĺӰŪȻĻܾе㲻İ
˲ãϻŵ΢΢˶Щã˫ĿȻʹգգȻӵϷ
ˣоôûʲôɡһɳϹʵ
ͨһͻȻ˫ϥһعһǰЩɳƵлү֮Ҳ̷ҡȻ౻ڿס˼άȴһֱڡҲһǾ仰ȡ̤ҵʬ壬ж֡
һпԿʱȫȫҳǰҳϣһά֣Ƿĵس
ɣ㲻ΪҵˣΪҵֵܡһ̧˫֣һɺ嫵
ֵ૵ټһů΢Ц۽ǶЩʪˡǰΪ˿̵¶һЩʲô񣬴˿ҲȫѾɢˡ
үһ󡣡ͻȻ
ʲô󣿡
Ī壬Ҫͨʮ˵飬ʽĪ峤֮λܸõذүɫ
һ΢΢һΪĪ峤ػ˿֮ǷһЩأ
һͷͬ⣬ûɲͬ⣬㲻Ϊ˿̵ԭҲӦֻҪԸʱȥ
ȥţһŮţȻĵվԺһలȻسһ
ţطĲʵൽô£ҿе˰ڿ
һüͷͷ˸ĽİڿģǺڰ̻ûʲô𣿡
ɫһףЩŵһŵĪ㻳ң
һЦĵԴЦƽʱͦģʱôɵˣôܻỳأֻдһʰˡ
ʼһҡͷҲûнӵʲô֪ͨ˵лѵǺڰ̻ģսĺڰ𣿡
һЦЦΪѣʵҲ֪ȻΪڰ̻ʥŮԽﲢûô˽⣬ڰ̻Ľ̻ʾµ۹Ľݻʲôϵһ֪Щ֪Ļ࣬һ֪ģںڰ̻ᵽӺλأһԴʮֺ档
ֻҵز²ˣҲûʲôݣˣһȥףǼϢɡһ˵תԺӣŭ붫Ժȥ
ʱŭڶĴǰһ˵ʲôڰ޵ȣм֮飬Ҳ˶һס죬һһվһ仰Ҳû˵˳ȥ
ôôҲúϢҪ۹Ĺˣ¹شĪˡɫЩ԰ףȻ߶һеĸһ㣬ŨŨĴȰ֮ϸ΢֮¶ɡ
һһᣬۿ죬ˡ


307 ɻ


Ǹʲôһ鶼ûУϢͺˡ״æ˵ЩסһĴ֡
Тˡһں޵ѽ񵱳ĸǾΡ
ɵӣֲ㣬ֻҪ㸸û£Ҳûźˡһһͷ§뻳УͬСʱһḧš
źŵζůҲеʮֵĳʵζɡһһ߳ж˿̾һСڶĻУؼȡİůһǰĩܹҸоҸеɬǰһ׶ﳪģֻãĺ鱦ûĺݡ
һзģκ˺ףֻĸ
ãһӶĻȴסЩ˸еٱ׺þûôˣһת۵ʱһѽѽѧСƨôˣˡ
һԹûжԺֳ︡Сĳɳʷһֱڶ簮֮³ģȻ簮ȴֱ簮ظоһǷǳҸģСڸв֪
Ҫ۹ˣϱҪ뿪֪ʱײܼ㡣̾ŸһԴ˵ͶӱȫӳԺ󣬶ռ˺ܴرأһ̶϶ŭ
ײõģᾡġһο
ɵӣ̫ףСӲˣҪȥģҵ˲Ҳôء޽ҲϣԼĺӳΪĿڵѾ߱
һ¸жĸ纣Զ˽İ
Ὣһƿ˫ֿοţضһվĶ帩֪ΪΣо
ˣȥϢɣײܲ룬񲿻Ϊһеء˵
һͷ˶ǱĺˣڲɢָѶһк֢
ףܲܽڵĺһ˵ץ𶫷Щ֣һ˳ľߣȻΧ࣬Ӿ˱Ȼ˥ߣɲء
һһץŶּӴԺıȣһְദһʱ۰ħͻƵıԵʵһ̨ף㺮ƳԲ÷Ѻܴľ
ʱһڶĴóѾһ˪ϵħԪһ˪Ʈ˿С
ûˣףúϢɡһЦŽ£Ҵñӱ߳˷š
һţһŭֱͦվԺУ˫޵İ׷¹ԵرĿ
һŭһûȻ黹黳
ףʱˣȥЪϢɡһ˵㾶ֱŭߴ֪ŭԸ񣬾ѾԭҲΪ϶š
һµûһ߹ŭתͷرӰ˸һȰ
ڻԼԺӵʱһȻסԼĽŲͷ૵ɧô֪ŸˣѵָʹģĻָʹŷǱѰĹϵ
һԺϵӰϽӴغˣ뺬֮䵽ôĹϵأһʲô֯
뵽һת𣬳˷ȥ
ʱ̵Ĺ뷿ѾһƬһҲûУѾ˯ˡһԥһ£ƮȻ䣬һƣ̵ž֨ѽһˣһĿǿҹôϵĴѾ£ͷϢ
һǰᣣͻȻ˱ǣһһһĴϡ
үɻ̵ķ۴һߴȵʵظһıĦš
䲻Ůеĵط˵Ҳͬˣһر˷Ӧ
һץס̵ķ۱ۣһתѹ£ӲСֵ޼ɵضСϣԵ¶ɡ
֪ǲǴƺɪһ£ܿСǰһһСֵܾȻֻ˫ȼ䣬˫һһɣʱĥʱʶǸо̫ˣһޱȵĴ̼С
һаðһָץסۻʮĺ飬һסķСֵϰ
㡭Ҫңºɱڰ̽һоǻȵĹ״ＷԼķ϶һһԸſֱˡ
ΪʲôҪֲŮҸҲʲôƨӣлŮԸģкκúڵġһź̵ʮظ˵
䲻ŮҸȴҲ׵ӣ鷳ɡ˵ſʼ˺һϵ
һ׵ӣп𣿻ûĸƻŮ˷ɧǻʺģǻʺ󱾾Ļĸ߼壬˷ɧΪ棬Ǻ̵ĻЩ̫ˡ
ǣĻǴŮĻѹһɷŴŮڵģռǿǴŮĻҲˣǵĻһ϶ߣŮ˾ܱһţҺ̻һصŮˣĿǰվĵжӪ
뵽һ׽ס̵֣Ȼ̫֮ȷʵûҪǣ塣
֪㲻ңûƿӣһֽڵħƴ򿪣͵Ĺâɲʱ
һһһ˿޵ɫʡֻúŰ͸Ȥ£һͷ㷢ư£һͦΣۺ˿Ĳ֣Ѫıڿ㣬͸ǰĲϻ״ڵëսһ
̲󷽵һǰתһȦЦûҵĲɡ
һһ䣬ջĿ⡣
ЦЦشϣýӸ𣬵үȻɻΪʲô
ϰαװɵأô֪Ҹϳµģһẓ́пһЩߡ
ҪǳĲ񣬶һĿţѵĳˣֻ˵˵ѣҲ֪йŮһܲ㣬Ȳֻúˣû뵽һˣ̫ˡ


308 Ĳ


һǲĹŮǿĹҲûʲôЧһӻǲ֪ô죿
˵Ĺ˼ά˶Ϊ˴εսùϸһ£ȴַµıô򵥣ŭͻȻȴǰµ۹ƫƫìܵ뺬֮Ĺϵһʼ뷨ǺһӪģǱսĺڰε¼Ǻڰ̻߻ĻǺε֪أĪ˫
̼һü˼ɽЦүɲطտĺӣǾȥЪŰɣȻĻ˻ɾͶˡ
һƻҪҪһԣһûĿⶢϵḷ́Ů˻ӦѵҪʩмԵߵһж¶һ֪Ůĵ׻ûиĴڣһеһֻǱѡ
û̽һƣ¶Ѫ壬Ʒ֮⡣
һٺаЦαŮ˵ûûӣ治Ҹһֽһȥ̵Ľѹ¡
˫΢أ΢ͷ۴ɢ
еû֪ܿˡһһס̵°ͣһֻЩֱغ飬зЩŰĿС
ƵֻҪ㲻ڡСŮӾԸ˵һֿʼһĽʵرϸš
ȻŮ˵ˣһҲͲˣͷס˫ͷسڴȥҶֿҰ˿û˶ԼŮʱеֻ
̵ĻӦҲңЩһ֮ɬһȴ룬Ů˵װ۴̼ء
¡̱ôһ㲼ϵȤ±ȫ룬¶֬һ壬ʵ㽷졣ڵĲݴԣ
ɲʱǰɫƺķۺɫ¶ȻֱֱһΪһ¯޼ɵȼдǡ
̽šһ˫žҵغĲһ㣬ֱҪû޷
һ·ʾֳСֵ۾չԼ硣
ô󡣡룬һıǮۺһ
󣿴ͻоغôһٺЦţԵǿƵط̵ֿ˫ȣ˵ķ֮رȫǰ
һѹں̵ؽϣҪ̵ֱȴһŤһһʧܡ
ҡǻǲҪЩšȻùġ
ҪѾˡһٺٻЦס̵СֵǰһСѽһխ֮أˬг
ʹһݽҧ´Ŵϣʱڡ
ģҵֵû֡һЦǰһСֵƺͻһ谭˽ȥطСֵһȦһȦ⣬һһֱҪĻǶĪǴ˵е
ȴʹһò԰ף˺ѰʹΪԼ롣
ǴŮһһʼʶԼͻƵƺǴŮĤϴŮĤ޸ӦûûɣǵŮôǴŮأһ˿˿Ѫ˳˵Ľϴ
𣿿ѾˡѧһЦЦȴΪʹԵЩ԰ס
һЩӲЦЦػ濴ۣҪ˵ЩʲôȴͻȻֽϴһ˿Ϣ˳Сֵܴڡ
һüͷһ壬Ůˣģѵϴ뱱ǴһŮԭ塣
һİѸٽϢס֮ȴǲ˲ͻƲѭһȦ˳Сֵԭ·ۻء
ʲôһЩȻԸܵϢûκԣȴҲ֪Ǻĳġ
ʱĺȴһ𾪣ɫӲ԰ף૵⡭ôܣôûУ
һס̵°ͣݺݳײȥݺʵ㵽׶ʲô
ʹһһûкڰ䣬ôûأ
һȻٺЦСƶѣΪڱֲܶԸĩҲ̫С˰ɡ


309 


̵һĨӵ΢ЦȷǻС㡣
һź˱ȴһ˿ɱѾʶû鱻֪ˣʵµһս˵ΪͻƲֵʱ򽫴˿ǽȥս϶Ὣ˵Ҫ룬ʱƾͼƣս﷭ڱս֪ʱ²֣յķ˵ʮֲ
ɱңҲǲԹɫ֣Ըܵһй¶һɱ
ȷ뷨һǷǳµģڵŮҲ⡣
˫ȼסһ֪һ˵ȻоЩ˵Ҫɱȴܵ顣
šұ֤û˵ȥܷŹ𣿡һоһĳ̴ЩС
ı֤Ҳţֻ֪Ǵż˸൱Ĵۡһԥؾܾ
Ǿû취ˣҪɱɱɣи𣿡̾һȴֳһ˿޵΢Ц
ʲô󣿡һü
ۡסһĲ֮ǰҡҿһ°ɡ
һһ£ͻȻŮ˻ڲͬǾͱض񾭲̫һǰߣ򵥵ŮӦ̵ء
Ҫ㶼Ӧ𣿻СЦŴ̼һ
ˣȻǵһΣﻹһܱǡһٺЦ
һʼʮ˰գ估źȫ֮أ̸ʱ紺磬ʱ籩꣬Ů˻һܲġѨһһʱʱһſסҪѾˡ
žžײüѿʼ΢΢鴤ȫѩ׵ؼɷۺɫϵĵ㾧ӨĺԸ欣־
ȻһƳĸ߿ԴӺ̵ĺ촽³צһһȫֹеƴƮƶ˵ǶЩģˡھʼƮһζŨȴ̱ǣȴֲࡣ
ã̵ɣǿʼλȻһɵ˫һָоҲ޺ˣ㶯ְɡ
һͻȻһ˿ѷ죬ոսˮ֮˳ĶˣȴҪֽЩ㱣Լܹ
һĴ˺̵Ĳӣ˰ĺĸŮǴεɴһ
ս֣һо̵ϸĲӱýӲֻҪһĲӱ÷飬ĻЦݾҪʧ
ɱɱһŷԼộɱһոԼйˮ֮Ůʵ̫ѣ̻ôԣֻԼû˵ȥĳһӲ
ʶЦһӰΡ
СӣȰ㻹Ǳɱ֣˵㲻һɱӰëȻ˵
Ϊʲôһʵ
Ů˶дãҲ϶Ὣ͸¶ȥģҾ˵ôˣ˯ȥӰһ˵ʧӰˡ
ιιϹֵܣѻ˵һǺӰȴһϢûС
үүģʲôĵθ𣿡һֹţԥһ½ں̲ϵĴɿ
ɻؿһոնоŨصɱôͻȻֽˣѵıԼס𣿺ﲻ޵
ɱˣɧӣ㲻Ὣ͸¶ȥһ̾һʵŵڵĺӰǺ̡
Ҫ֮ǵжӪЦ
˵ɱͲɱôϻһûͻȻԼСֵܻں̵ڣһƣСֵֿʼûȼӲ
ʵɱҲɱˣŲǡ̸ܵڵĻȣЦ
ʲôһúŵı飬ʼеźӰ˵ĻˣŮ˲ôܱɱġ
˫§һĲӣ촽ĶĶﴵһŴǡҡ
һɲʱ٣Ǳǧ꾫Ļˣҧҽ͸㡣


310 ǰ


̷һӣ˫ȴûдȵţ䣬ǰ⾡¶
ôûĵĻ૵ͻȻôܿա
̳ƿ˴ŴһĿɫѪЩ㱣ḧţ۶ĸŮˣҹЩ˸УΪŮĴѾһȥˡ
벻ľҲ﷭ʱơȥŤߵ˴ߣ͵͸ں̳ϣγӰӰ´µĹߣԵЩ졣
ǵ쳣ϲ죬ÿ϶˺ʰǿ۹۹ϲӡ۹ȽɣնԲ½ľƶһ˽⣬Ҳ֪۹۹ͷϵ޽ζʲô˸ЦݣҽջʵսȫǣֻҪǣ۸˻ǷؤԿԳѵõζȡ
ʹԲһƵϲ콫Ե׿ǰվһڴСԱʵսһŮ󲿷˶ϲЦտȻҲɫ֮ˣӥɹأȴһСռȣɰòʣƽ⡣
ʱѵ۹¹ǹڻʵսʾŵ
ʱһ۹ε۹Ա߽ǵ룬СĲ°
һתͷȥ۾ϴ󣬽յµ֮˵Ҳ۹ͳĺɫﻪ粨һۣžµױݡüǳͷϴһɺɵڣ󺣵Ĺһ㣬һ֮±ܸоµϢ
Ϸ۹ǿĹȣ󺣵ĩ벨׳۹ǵǿΪǶԴűС
ϴɬ΢Ц񲻾һ͵飬ˡ
°ݼʵ۱¡еսǰ棬ӯӯһźۼشһλ۹߹ЩԾսһĲ԰ףίӲ˫Ŀǲ壬ֵ׳ˡʮнľˣ棿Ǽ٣
ضԺףΪһֱ缺ܹʮοս˵˵ʱȰؿһһֱƤֱѾĲҪ
΢ЦӦһ䣬ûб¶˿Ȼ֪۹ڲżνУαǱһױһףһᡣ
ʱˣȥɡս˵ųǹٰڰ֡
ʽһĳɻʽͬҪӷö࣬Ҫݿ۹ȻʣһıǻҪսݣһҪݰ˴Ρ
ˣ͵˰ɡһ޶񶾵
ЩЦÿΰȥʱĽǶȶܿһҧгݵӣͻȻ⻵һʱҲͦɰġ
ع߳ζʮʱݵʱ治˸ɵ飬֪ĸ쵰ʽĥ˰
һĶӶֱлӺ̵Ĺ뷿صңƨɻû񲿵ĹԱˣһϴ´绨ʱ䣬мĩһ㶫ɸԣ̫˵ˡ
ò׽һͷתʽǹˣһһڿԳһ㶫ˡ
˭֪һһˣǰƵĹԱһһÿһҪ˵һƪνĻԵ磬һûгһڷˡ
ҹĻ٣չ޹УԱԴϼڹ͢ᣬףֻҹȴûһµķݡ
ȻİŸһ⣬ֻսȻվǰ۹ζǵʱֻһˣֻҪ۹ȫս̾ͻᱩʱʲô״һҲԤ֪
ʹϽǵһһ磬Ķ֮
װŴĳУһԾ޴ϲ򡣷һź󴲣ź޵ϲԧͷ
ڽһ̣ͻȻĪĽսСȭͷֱðһһԼԼصػԼô죿뵽͵͵һȴһü۵ڲ̽ܵһĪԼ
ǸʲôŵţȴͻȻһӿռָ˳һ̵ζȣֱӸˣĩ˻ͳ˼ϵȹơ
ԷûɡһͷҲصȲؿʼ̻
ҵȻ֪ǳԷЩģ¾ȵʵ
ٺ١˳õģҲһûԷɣһԡһЦŵת³֡
·˷ۣһﻹġԼһߴ粽ĩ뾹Ȼһ㶼ûз֡һŵĴԴȣЩꤵĸо
Ҳٿһض档ŵĳһֱ֮𡣳һ㣬ñˣȻȤضųԵ͵һͻȻֺĳԷʮֿɰ
ſţ¾˦˦ͷԼô뷨һʲôɰģᵹģոһǲˡôѿĳԼȻΪɰµһﲻϵҴ˵ѿ
Ȼһ̧ͷҧгݵر飬Цʵʲô𣿸һҵӡ
㿴ʲôӲץڼҲôԵ𣿡µ
żôˣȻҪȾƴڳ⣬Ҷòˣװʲô˹İһҧһֻȣڳݲ˵
ֱЦסˡ
ЦЦŻ¾ءһٺЦ̻һҲˡ
㡭ɶ񡣡ɫ糺죬һһ￪ЦûûεģŮҵ˽Ҳó˵Ц
Ǻǣʲôܳˣʲô˵һһˮϴļۡ
ҧɫһ䣬ȻȻ뵽һ¼ȷʵԼ嶼һ￴ˡ
ιô飬˵ڶˣѵ𣿡һЦ
˺ŵӦֻǼٳ׵ģ㲻ҡ
ˡһֹ
˵Ҿ͡Ͱȥ˰Σûʲôвġ
һٺһЦͻȻ˶ʵ㲻ҳȥҲߵأú˯ɣõҰҹǱˣϼ
һ°ڰ֣һʧӰˡ
סһȴǼһѲˣĪأЩίЩ䡣
ôˣˣŲһءԼ૵ߵ󴲱£ԽԽǵڴͷסͷ
֮´ӴϱĴ۾һ㡣
ҲûҪôɡһϷʵͻȻµĶ
һתͷ㷢ʧһ֪ʱֳ˷ָһ㡭㲻ô
Ŷһõ㶫û뵽ȴԭôңİһľɨռָȻɥҡͷ̾
ģҡҡ֪һݵ̫ͻȻ䱿ˣȻΪ棬ŵҪ͡һʱȴ֪˵ʲô
Ҷ֪ðοˣˡһ̾һӰȥٵʧˡ
ҧ´һֲһ磬˱С
һٺЦŷɳ˻ʹµͺܿġԼ˵ɡ
ûãһ˳ǽɽϣĽݲվһ˵ģղžôܵĹҪڹɵģĽݲһ֮󣬾ȻĶӲǽлѧʩչˣȻһʼҲʧΣվоˣһﵽ񾳽ˣҲﱾһͨͨǧศɵġ
ͷҹҽгһЦŽӸĽݲĽݲþⷵõģ˭֪ȴСŮ˰ش
ĽݲӹƣȲ˼ڣȥ㻹ƨΪͷӲ֪Ǽٳװ
һٺЦɫͷҪˣиһӦҡ
˰ˮ¶˵Ľݲƻ
֮Ҳ֪ᷢʲô飬Ҽ˵İΣϣܹһ£ؼʱְܳһ¡һɫĿǰĵأȻżҲ٣սĺڰһܾò
ҿԴӦ㲻˵үүĽҲôġĽݲˬشӦ
ǾллˣʱСӻǳмػҲ˵ˣǾ˺Ⱦƣ´Ҫ˻֪ҪʲôʱءһЦһĽݲһ£һ롣
ĽݲһھһļʵҸлл㣬㣬ҲôģҲܾͼҵŮĽˡ
˵Ůײȥˣûлذµ۹ֲǡһ
ٺ٣ҲԣҽȥĽݼʥȥˡĽݲЦ
ǵʥһʵ
ĽݲƳһһۣЦֲĽݼҵˣҪ㣬ҵŮвУСһŮô࣬Ůɲܸ㡣
˵˭ϣһƲȴʮֺĽݼʥģĽݼ屾֮壬ʥڴ˿϶ǲ֪ġ
ĽݲЦվ𣬵СӳҪСĵ㣬رŮˣͷӷȰ־üᶨ㣬𿴵ƯŮ˾ϣĺջˮҪ֪Ů޸ݶҲܱɳ˲̹ͷ
Ҳ˭κŮǰԵøèһ˲̹ͷҲὫ᳦ٽŮһЦ
Сӣβôߣ﷭ĽݲЦ
ģ˴ҲͲҵأ˵鵹ͦḻģĵ˵ʥûʲôһ˿̵ʦǾòٿĽݲͷģֱ̾
ȥȥȥʱˣȥ˵˵ĽݲЦһһĺԡ
һһǰ黹ͦģҪ븸ĸӸ𣬻Ҫȥһ˫ӪһЩ顣
ͷˣ̫簡һЦųĽݲڰ֣Ÿȥ
СӡĽݲһɲʱʧӰ̾һСദôãЩ᲻á


311 1


ܿһصŸˣŭȥμҹˣƲûгϯʱϹܿĻбŮڵʲôһͻȻ֣¶ϲı顣
ʲôأĵôġһЦǺǵ˽
㻹ʲôÿ仰Ҫᵽ㣬Ҳ֪ıĸЦǰŮӣŪĻ̸ֱ̻̣ɫĵزȴǺΧƣߵŮһһƯЦúϲ£죬ѾĩãŪ龰
ŮЦѣֻüһ˿Ĩƽ
񽻲ĽҲٵһӵĵݣֻǹеһȥˡ
һߣϹ̲ܿסغۿǻĩ˵˳ײãҲԽԽţأ
һ̾Ԥϵֻаο
ˣˣֲǲˣֻȥ۹תˡһǰϹܿ§뻳У簲ο
ǴתһһҲĸ£˼ôϹܿǴˡΪıñŻ
Ϊ˸õط꣬ⲻ˷ַֺϺϣҪǿԣʱ˼һĩһҸ顣𣿡һϹܿ㷢ͬʱԱߵıġ
ĳһһЦֻЦЩɬ˼ʱȷʵһҸ飬ʱȴǧڿ飬ʹ뵽֪ܻܺһǰ۹ģʵںüǰѽӵ˽̻֪ͨҪ󷵽̣ΪһһϡһҪˣҲûıҪˡ
ףҲס㶼ûߣҵľ۵ĿˡϹܿһʵ
һΣôһ죬Դеĺ֪α磬òǸöð֪ԸĿǰ˵
ϹܿƺҲӰ쵽뱱ŮۿҲˮ𿪿˵ЩʲôɤȴסˣһŴסһϹܿһǰһһ˽ӡ
߶ˮһǰͺ󱳶ʪ͸
ðΣŮȶЩҪһԼᱻ
ˣˣ˭ٿ޾ʹ˭ƨɣøƵġһŮ㷢Ѿͷ޵Ķɬġ
ǲˣʱҲˣЪŰɡϹܿڣȴһϼ۴һ
һһ̣ڴЦһ𣿡
ŮߵضӣÿﶼЩŲƫƫֲ뿪һϾʱֻʣˣ˵쳣
һŮŤŲϻش𣬺ٺЦô˵˰ȥһ˫ӪһЩ飬ǻطϴװ׵ҡ˵꣬һЦʧ˷
ŮһƬȣѵעһ޵ҹ
һ÷ӪƮȥԺȴŵȻŮͬߵΣ4PǸожˬһ˿ˮ
ӪȻ䱸ɭϣλεصǹİڣɱӭϲ֮˭иǵиرԽԽϲӣǵ빤ǿȾԽ
ʾƣϰţһ˱ӪʿֵһɹôڶҹܱӪˡ
û˫ӪӪأһʿǵҵĺȲʱӦǳѵȽɣһû˹㣬ԼѵҲ˶ͨʱ˵أ˫Ӫҵʱ
һĵֵʿܹһڰֱ㳯ȥ
ֻĿտӪΧʿ˫Ӫ˶ۼˣ⵹һЩ棬˭ڵе˶Χˡ
һؼ˽ȥЩʿıˣͷһԼĽ͵Ҫ񣬵ȴһֹˡ
ǰ棬һ֪Ϊʲôе˶ΧˣԭеľԼСϹСĸܰԡ˫ӪĹأֻҪȫλʤԼսˣôս߱ȡսߵְλѵϹСҪȡܰԶ֮
һȤؿһҡҡͷЦЦϹܰһβġϹħʦ˫ӪĴǿ׳࣬ҲѧòϾֻһмʦɱޣ͵ԭƫôùܰأݵֵ͵ġ
ܰʵһֱϹ˵ǵ˵ʱۼطһĵϹӴһϹСһ㽫˳ȥ
һϹƨŵأʹ죬ѧڿʧȥƽʱ˺ͣ˶Ѿɢˡ
ܰԹЦ󲽳һ৵һ±ֱһ񣬴ܰԲμʱе˫Ӫʿŷһ˾μ
Ϲǽˣ̴ӵϱĴɿ˹һһĻ˵첻Ҫôܹˣ
һϹץ£һ˹ȥѵˣڱӪýнٷá
ϹͷֱͦŴǣһٷ
һЦŵͷǿ׳ٵļ
ԸʿѵһܰӪһǡ
ܰԣҲ֪Ҫˣ֮пܻᷢһЩ벻ͻ¼ʱôҪԼգֻҪסһ£˫ӪǶӪһĶӪʵ۶Ȩǣ𣿡һž޴ѹ⻰͵ıˡ
ܰɫһᶨף˫Ӫ˽˭ӣ˫Ӫֻڽһˡ
һصͷ˫ӪͽˣսһǾҪǰɱУݺɳϱʵֵġ
ܰЩ֪һĵ̫Զˡ
һַԸһЩҪע飬ٿ˿ɫ뿪˱Ӫ
֪ϴûУ᲻ĶأǸöðһ޲һͳ
浱һȫϻؼҵʱͻȻһĨ޴ӰһǰһƢϤıǼ䡣


312 2


̡һʱӣʶؽе
ÿŮ϶ԼصζһıӷǳȻ߱ʶŮ˵ĸ߳
һԵغ̵ʱǰӰѱʵӰʱһžȵķ޴ӰȻһֻɫĴë⻬ϸ壬๳ɫϸӲǰİ׺ףֻҪʮ౶
һϮȹվڰ׺֮ϣЦЦ
һСϪߣһϪߵʯϣʱس峺ϪϼСʯӡһԶЬȫˣ¶ѩ׵СѾӣ°ȻϪˮֻħС࣬ϪԼë
һͣĵطֻư׺׵Ĵ񣬷ٶȳ죬ҪϻСͿɱ任Σһ϶ҲSSĳħޣֻǲ֪˷֮⻹û
˿ɫһЩΣ͵㵽׽ʲôֲ˵ûʱˡ
ȴЦȻתͷһЦôЩŮˣ㡣Ҿǹģƫóѡ
һۣȻˡ㻹ס𣿡
Цݶʱʱί⸺ˣôҵ𣿶˼ҵپ֮ˣʼĻ
һޱ飬ҲᱻƭɴˣҹڵĺӰֹ˵ɱְɣֻǺӰ˵дãôͿأڵװˡҳϵ٣ٲԸҵ𣿽˲𣿡
Ц㵹ͦģȥЩŮˣúٺú÷Σ
õǺãֻ±ԵͷʣԻˡһЦҹŮ˵ζľһȷʵŮ¼Ʒĸоڻζ
һתҪߣ̼æߣҿԸһЩ֪Ķ
һͣЦ֪κ㶼𣿡
ȻǣҿѡԵ͸¶һ㡣ָǰ㷢ˮһ
ǣΪʲôҪ͸¶֪ѵ㲻֯һɵضź̡
˵СŮ˰һ
һԥһ£˺̵ߣĺܺ溬̵ݡ
ƨɳһŲŲ۱סһһֻ֣Ȼͷһļϣһమһ㣬Ȼִ󷽣֮С
ʵ㣬Ҳκ֯Ҿңʲô͸ʲôû˹ܵš˵
һüɩԼǺ˵Ĺϵָνͣʵսĺڰʲôϵ˵ûС
Уܸ㣬ֻܸôԨԴǹơЦ
ôɫҵĿĺڣһͷ°Ͷں̵Դϣŵ㷢ϵ㡣
㡣̺ɵ˵𰸣С־ȻʼһĴζ
ƾ壿һٺЦʡ
ô˵Ҳ֪üʵսˣǧټƸ䣬ΪȽ˳ۣѣ˭֪û䡣̿Ц
㶼˵˻˵Ǿңһû
㲻Ǿ֪֪˲䱬ըʣ˿ȨҲôģⲻǾ𣿡ǿСһĴȸȦȦⴥһСֵܡ
һСֵܵò¿ʼˣ׽סҶС֣ͺȵҶҶԸ
Ըʲô˶ˣʲôֹ𣿡̽Цţһֱ֣ӰĿϡ
һҧгݣǸʹడƵҰսһ𴿴սԼ
Ӳأطôƫ϶ûġ̵˵һҪƿСֵܣԳЦŰʾ
һаһץס̵ĺ飬Űʹץץһи⣬ΪʲôܹңΪϢȫ䣬ѵ۾͸Ӳɣ
⣬ٻشҪϼϢţСȴؽ⿪һ̽ڿС


313 3


һһоԼСֵܱůӨץסһߣţָоʵ̫˷ܣһ;øƺȼһѪܶҪը
ȻһоһžСֵѱ¶˿Уذͦء
ͷ󣬿ͦ˵ġ̶սԴŪһСֵܣƺΪôôġ
һһ˿ɫŷֺҹҪ֪عȥˣŮ˿ٿɵʱ䣬ϹܿŮڳճغƽϢࡣ
ףôȥˡ̼øոջŭСֵܾȻʼƣɳԾһ̧ͷһеˣ÷ǳ峺
ɣҪȥˣĴҲ֪һҲ׹ˣŮǳܵĶ
̿һеļᶨЦʱ仹أ㼱ʲôһûú÷ء˵һȵĿиͷ۴ţȻһȥи˽ȥ
һһ飬оԼСֵܽһʪůǻرǿҵӾһط߼
̵ļɬġƺŮ֮żߵ츳ûãµĶԽԽ죬һĴ̼ҲԽԽ
ġһţ޴Ǹ˶ڼѴĽޣһǺģ˼ƿ̵ͷѸٽá
̾ȵһʵڳ֮⣬ǼḡʱΪȴԾһܿһһȴҪɱܹ촽ʱʱȻѾܾ
һ俴˺һۣתҪȥ
ȵȣִҪҲ㡣ľ̻û¼ֵزղ㲻Ϊʲôܹ𣿴𰸾ҵĳϣոɽ˭Ҳڽӽʮ֮ڲָָ֡ȻϪŵذ׺ף޺ϸоһħ޵Ϣ
һȻԭһ֣ôΪʲôϴ͵Ϯľʱûзأһ˺˵ոɽǸʱڽУԲóѰɡ
Ǽ׵ħޣһ̲סʵ
ħޣǺǣҲ̫ľҡͷЦ
һͷٴο˿ѩƯİ׺ףŸȥ
ľ̵Цᣬ̾һ䣬׺ף⻬ë૵ңҸǺã
һصŸʱʱѷǳˣһ£һСʱҪˡ
еƹȻȻϹܿû˯ֻǲ֪뱱Ƿڡƿţһŵֲͬ㣬ȻŮڡ
ŮŰڴϣ۱¶ڽ֮⣬Ȼȫֻ£ǼһԾϲϲãһ˿ʧ䡣
һŴǧĵŮ˿ֱ봷ض㣬ľŮ˻ĺ°е4PôӽϾҪˣŮ˹ǰϷˡ
һȥ´ϴ󴲣һ죬Ůͨͨ§뻳С
ڱӪʲôôŻϹܿһļϣЩԹʵ
һһ£㽫;˷ϰľ̵˵һ飬ȻЩٶ˵ĳҲ˵ġ
϶ֹǲǻ˼˵£ǽõôáľסһ⣬һ
ô᣿𣿡һȻȴãŮ˶һǻֵüɹοŮˡ
ǣİŮ˵ζôŨûʲôҲŲأ˵Ĺ˴һͷ
Ϲܿ뱱ԣһһᣬ漴ݺݵһϹһɺŨİϡ
һˣŮ˵ıǹŵóľ⵴鷳е4PûˣúԺˡ
ˣԴˡûʲôϾҪˣԹԹ÷һһڴ϶Ů
ŮĬǰϾҪˣʱʲôŤʱһȴһԾ˴
ȥŮһΪһҪˡ
ȥһӹһٺЦתԡҡ
ݲݳ˸һԡ˱ŮԶˣԶһӵұ޸
˽ӵһ˭Ҳûп˵ֻǰر۾ű˴˵ڼٶĻﶼԵò԰ףΨѵο塣
ʱͣһʲôĸֻ֪ûûҹҹţֱһ̡
ѤõĹâ䡣֦ͷʼһ֪ʱչˡ
Ůһϴһϸ£ϵһ˿۶ŹһֵǣŮûǺۿҲǿˮûǻ䣬ģһӲܡ
أ¶ҪСġϹܿѷˮ
İɣǺҲᱣضһأʱ֪ˡһٺЦûûεӡ
ᣬˡϹܿᴷһһ£˸еһһ仰ƻ߰˰ˡ
ˣʱˣҸȥʹˣܿģһǵģҲһһЦ
ûκɬϹܿŮһؽ촽չǡһһһŮ㿪ųȥˡ
ŮһԺӣһ㷢ţȺ
࣬ҲҪ𣿡һǰſݶࡣ
ǵģү൭
һͷſ˫۸һܱصĺ󱳵ͣүһͨڿģ´ټһҪȸʹ졣
һůůĹػһ˿
ɿ࣬һţţȥŵȺ򣬵ȻҴӻʹһ·
ǣүţ˷ܵ
һתŮڰ֣һǣת˲ʧ˵С
ϹܿͽȻ׷סҲ̲סرˮߵ䣬תסĴ
ҲʣҲԶϹܿö࣬ܿԼϹܿıܿѹ˵ûо˲ˣֻоֿ̹ĵ˼ڿռĸ¶Ȼ˲Բ
˳ӣǿסˮȥӪѵţڲõؽһܹһٴط꣬ʱһɱǺεȵҸôţݻװȴ˱Ӫ
صʹԼĶСķױ磬һŷ֣ԭŮױҲһĿ顣
һС伱æڵһ۹ˣҲԼӣȻҵ
ӣҹ˯ð𣿡һЦʡ
͹ģõúܣЦôɶһɡû
ʧ⵹ģҪİŮһٵ̾
ҧһһۣߵһˡ
С俴˿Լҹֿ˿εͻȻһЦ˳
ѾͷЦʲôִ򲻳ɡ²
ˡСֻǾú棬ԩСЦ¶꣬Ȼ֪Ƣ֪ĹԼ
ǰҺԩҡµһ㶼û̬ԽԽ֮ǰǸʥŮˡ
ǲűɷ˰˵ԩһ㶷Ŷű׼ҡС͵Цŵ
һ죬һȴ֪ʱߣͷŴⷢûɵĸ⻵һﾹôˡ
һʱȴ˷ϰḷ̌صŮ˵ǺηʥսӪְźֽɫŮ˵ݼһټٵ˿͸
ʱ͢ǹˣ˳˼һľ̵Ҳˣ˺鱨ԱὫĶȫ
ǹٵĴ£һ³˻ʵսսʹһѵĶһ齻һǸ۹Ļʵ۳ĵġ
ܿ죬һ±˺۹йԱӵ֮ϣ۹پﻹǵĳųȥ
һеЩֵǣΪŭڳͱģȴûֻţصȺ
ʻţϷнԶһſͷϼ£ԤУȥ۹һܾʰɡ


314 


䣬Ƶ׺տա
ǰСϪһ£緹ټ·һƿӶͷӳ˵
ǡӳĨһѺˮӦһʼǰϪ
ʱȫļʮȣ˵һûʲôӰ죬Щǵ˵һּ޵Ŀ飬źصĽףǶձɹǳࡣ
ͬһϵŮСҲͷ㺹ȫһͨˣȻܹС
ˣˣ㵽³ǾͺˡСŷ
˲³ǾͲ𣿡һЦʵ³Ǳ۹Ķǡ
Ȼǲ³ǿߣǷһˬˣû󺣵ζС۾һʮֿɰ
󺣣һ૵ûмˣڱСһҲʮֻĴ󺣸ǰһİºһ˺£ǲ½һڡ
ûоܾһǣ۹ĹԱΪǷ޸
жòܵ³أһϪߵһŴϡ¡
ǰɭֱ㵽۹ڣٶȣʮұԵ³ˡµӿռָͳˮһڡŮŮȿˮôˡ
㶢Ҹл𣿡¼һЦһ죬һ۵
ûУдԣҵĿǱȥأɲԸġһٺЦ
ƶɣ㡣Ťͷ΢΢˿Ц⡣һĿ佱˵ͦõġ
һЦʸ磬С仹һȷ磬ȵòˡҲǡǸͨŮӣȫֱѹʵʵȻȵܲˡ
ѾͷҪҪҰ㣿һЦʡ
үô𣿡С
ﵽһºòãһٺЦŵϷ
ᣬү۸ˡССʱ쵽˶ϡҲݺݵص˹
С俪ЦôҪƵġһ޹ضµ
һתͷˡ
һƲƲ졣ӰһΣĺʼۼգۼ䣬һ˸ߵıǰ
ۣ顣С侪ϲؽһ϶پˬ࣬ĵȥù˲䡣
ɣ벻ٶ༸һЦЦͻȻһ٣üͷ𣬴д˶һ㡣
Ƕٻ͵װһԼ۹һڹԱڣţҲ翸þһվЩһ⻤͵ضپѽţ;˼鷳ɵؽˣʵ׺ܿ㱻ЩԼˡ
жˣ߹ʵ֪һʵԶ֮ϣоҲʮ
һǧˣɷأʵӦúǿһôԶԸе籦ʵǿô򵥡
˲ãƽߵһ˳˹̳ҲʼԶԷŶģ˶࣬ⲻܲٻеźͲ
ףһ૵ƾĿѾԿǰʲôģˡ
˭ʵ
һйһ֮ԵŮˡһЦ
ͷһ£ݺһȴų
ɫǡ²ˬֹһ䣬þĿǰȥʱǴѷ۵糸㱼ܶѾܹǰˡ
ǰҲ۵һܷɧŮˣһѣĿĻɫϱһŻ󹭣ŭͻظŶܶ粨һţ̲סһԴ󲨻¶˳ȥ
ӶšµԺӵĴҲ׹ǿӶŮӣһŮ֮ǿֵӶ紳˴ʵףӶȼֹS
գۼ䣬ӴӶűѽߣ৵ؿſµͣ
һһȥ֪ΪʲôӶŻӶ˳ˣȻֻһǧˣÿ˵ʵǿвħʦʹʦǾӢһĬʮ㣬˵ûһڣҪǺѡôܳԱû¸ȥǹټأ
۾һɨĿͣһµϡŴǰֵӶźӣ¹Լүо֮¡
һǷһĨ΢ЦŮ޹ֺܹͳŵһAӶţƾ˶Ҫˬֵ벻̬Ⱦֵ͡
һʾأȻߵ˺ӵǰЦӣּˣԵݲǳ𣿡
ӽЦү˵¹𣿡
ɲС۵ˡһͷޱЦ
°һһۣ߹ӵͷӵĴѾʱһȻ鴫
¹ò£ҺӲǾأүǺøӿЦһԱ¶
Ǿͱˣȥ۲۰һ˷ۣʵӣⷬɻΪSS񣿡
ӵͷӶŶѾĿǰΪֹûֻɣ׼۹ѪӶ֣ܹܲõ顣
ѪӶţڿҪȥҶһʵѪӶҲǲ½ٴAӶǰʮӶţӶϵĻʵǷǳǿġ
ǣ׼ȥ۹Ĳ³ѪӶŻϣҪ׼һЩƷЦŴǿţűʵĸ
Ȼͬ·ĻһΣ˶һЦŵԺӵͺڵ¶
¹ԵĻкβأ£ʵһԼԶʥŮҲͦġ
Ȼ֮Ҳ·Ҳٸ顣µЦڶԴϤ߲׽ˣЦֶžС
ҲΪ⣬תȻµһͬ·


315 Ѫ


Ӵ󷽵һһ𣬶ӶɢڸϢʱʱ˶ӿռָóˮʳãһʱطΪ֡
һЯͼΪḻֻӿռָһͳ߰ȣһˣڣζ硣
ӣ粻һôһЦ
д⣬㲻˵ҲƤӺˬЦ˿һ
йţ˱Χһ͡
ϴ꣬˵ʶҲǳ㲩շǳһףһٷǳԵñ¶ԺӵĹ۸Ҳʮֺã鲻ôˡ
ӣʲôµķ𣿡һȤʵ֮ǰţСһڻçԭðյӣлᣬҪȥúüʶһ¡
ЩѾж֧ӶŴȥʧأΪֹûܹƬü
û֧Ӷ֧̽·׵ô˵طг·һ˵ð߾ưͺ˵⡣
ҡҡͷΪֹû˵̽ĳ·Ҳṫǳңһɣòߵһǰĩеĸ߶ȣ˵ӶŶǳȥģǽǮ
ţ⵹ǣڿ·Ҳض쳣Ϊڻû˴ظһͷЩͣȥͺˡ
һˡţȴţ۵ɵϴеضһү۹ԶҲȥһɡ
ʱ˵ɣлһȥһһЦʱ½ԽԽӣֻҪµ˲³ǣȫսʱʲôö֪
ԿЦүҪȥһ˶ҲиӦ𣿡˵ⷬһʲôȴһȻ˵Ŷʵǿ࣬ȴΪһǿӦҲǸʦ
ǾȳкӵˡһЦЦ˼
ʱһͣ˺ӱڱػϣԴиӦǿҵĻϵħԪصĲôӦǸϵħˡֻǲ֪ʵǿ̶ֳȡ
үƺҵĳѪͦȤģĪүҲЦ˵ѳѪΪһܴɽʯܽĻϵħǿһǼǰһAʱõġ
żԣ֪ܷ񽫳Ѫҹһ¡һһڱ̫ͻ½ǿһ򽫱Ϊôܻء
һǣֻԥһ£㽫ĳѪȡµݸһ
һӹѪֳֻأһЩ֣ӦϣеĳʯⷽɣޱȣһƷһ㡣
صĹͦһٺЦĿںӻ𱩵ɨһۣȴźӵظ֮ôôͦĪǾԵʣ
үȡЦҡӰһһۣһɫĴ
һɫڻģ²֪ΪЩܣźݺݲһĽűϣʹŤš
һµشһѣƿ˽ţݺݵһۡ
˵Ķ˺ӵУ̲סЦ
ЩΣһ㿴ôãѹ˼ҡ
ûϵʶһү칭ķɡЦŵӨһЩڴ
ĻùţƤµ
˭˵Ҳùʮ˰ͨǰٷСһţBվչң뵱ʾһ
ЦһЩĿУѳѪҪĹſҪȻȻ
һ칭˵עĿһЩ֪ӶųԱѾﰵЦΪһ˴αػᶪ
һ˫һǰһɹͺһֳңȴطֺɶˣһ˰ǿľ˳ѪһѳѪð˳ȵĻ棬Ҿ˿


316 һ


ȵĻӳһ̵ĿļµĺҲƺȼ
һڲϵһϵħԪɵĳһָγɣҽ¡
ôܣôġһЩ֪˲ɾΪѪ˵ĺ𾪣Լ޷Ѫ£˾Ȼˡ
ȻһһɣֱĹ͵ص˳ȥֻݵһֻоⱩ˷Ҫ˿һеĻ֮ΪһĿĺâ˶Сɽ
һ죬ضСɽѱ֧ΪƽءڣһŨŨսζмֻҰ޲ȱʬðǱˡ
һ紵˵ϢɢһЩҲ׷׻عԾηĿһдһЩҲֻûоȣһʵͼʶˣҲ֪ı£һÿÿǸɳ˲ŵ顣
ȻǺùȻҵļҲܺãҪȻҲӲôһ˵Ŀ޶ãѪݻӡ
ӽӹ̲סʵүôģ
ʲôôģ𣿲ǽȻ׼Ŀȥĳԭʼ˶һһٺЦﵱȻƵģ˻ᶪһɾͽ̴ˡ
Ӽһ֪Ҳʲʲôֻգֻ˸ӺˡǼ˾Ȼôɲ⣬ʵһʲôĳ̶أ
СһĵλˮǴߣ۹ӶһĿҲǾηмӣǿڲ½Զܾصġ
ʱʱǲ磬Ϊ˾쵽³ǣһͺԲװ̣һǧ˺ƺƵĿĵн
ǰïܵɭ֡Ѱֻ̫ڵƽϺߵ¶˰۹İͼˡ
һǰǰһ޼ʵػҰƽԭǸϲĳˡ
ڣһЩŵĿ⣬ģƺץһ㡣
һûɵĿⶢ´ٺЦո͵ǰɣҪͿֲǲ㿴
˵˭˭͵ˣԽͨ죬شе
Ǻǣû͵û͵ôӦһЦµߣоɰ
˾ϲȰһ㣬ܳȥĵģҲӡºŵָһ
һƵ⻰Ӻ˵ʲôʱˣ
˵ûУ㿴ʱ͸˼Ƶģ蹭ʱĵ˵֣Ϊûߺߵ·Լռ˱Ƶġ
һԱ쳣֣ٺЦòἵ˰ɣҪȻôôעأôСôϸ΢Ķˣǹ۲΢
һἵʣǺЦٸ˵˵ˡµıԵЩ벻Ȼתͷٿһˡ
һӣŮ˰֡
СЩؿ˿Լҹֿ˿үЩͷԣ¼ٳ׵ûи
ҹڸûг򣬴ֻҰӪϴܿŸҰޣӶΧһһߴţƨһߺˬţţеĻ߸裬ҹ
һԶشʯͷϣʱһݣ˫Ժ󣬾ź嫵ǿա
գۼ䣬Ѿĸͷˣ̫̫飬ൽʱò˼飬Լ
ôһ﷢ȥ¹𣿿ͽϢȥˡһǵһĶ
һҧŲݸƤҲĩ̧Ҫ㣬ͲԽԶԽء
Ǻǣ᣿ҿɿóǳϲ㡣һЦ
һ΢΢һЦûд𻰣֮һֱһĸڣҶûͱưˡ¶Ӧôһøеİɣõʲô̶һͲҿ϶ˡ
ʱһʱӣŵ˺Ũζ˵ζŨŮǿ֪ǲģȻƻ𣬵Ӷ׵ȴǳã׷˷ǳ࣬ȴһֱŶ
ʲô΢΢תͷһʱʲôɺʵ
Ϻأ̲ס˼¡һЦ³ݣһͦӽףԸо
һͻȻһæͷƿһôᱡŮ˵𣿡
һЦЦ˫һ죬ôӲһ˵أڲ½֪ɡ
һҡҡͷЦҾôŲʵȻʱ컬ģԲˡ
ô϶˵ֻαװѡһԳЦ
ҿ˵۹⣬ıһĩ̫ˡӿЦ
һƳһۺӣЦҺˣĵ㰡ͨһ˶һ˵ĺøоǴӺ濪ʼġ
һ㶣ת쿩ֱЦֱЦû֦ҲǰһԱ鶶ͣһɫڻꡣ
ܵһͣظϵĿ⣬ӲΪ⣬Ǽ˵ˣŲһЩСŮǰ˫شз񣬷ͦظչʾԼĽ
Ŀáһ̾
Ǳ¹ΣЦ
̫˵ظƺҪЩǲ֪ǲǱһһעźӸʵظϷ
Щܲסˣһһۣ˻ǲܹᣬ㼸Ͳ˰
һĵЦŷ֣ʹûĺҹУһҲȻôá
һЦʵ
ߵǼҡЦƵĸо
ôˬǴ޼ҴҡһЦ
޼ҴңţӾؿһһۣȴЩ룬ͻȻˡ
ðΣһŻعȴú̽Ѱ
˼ոˡһʼ
֪ոյ𣿡ʵ
һҡҡͷЦѲɺڲһ˧˻Ǳˣ
ҵĸоòɣ˴뱲ӷָоһȴҲҲָоˡ
ҹװģΪ˵вɣе˷ǳŮˡһյӸǰЦӴ𻰣һڿճӪطӶȥº˼ıӰ


317 Զսĺ


譲ӵǶ죬΢ͣ½ҹɫôˣǰǺѿôҹգƼѾǸϵľӴΪʷ
һԼˣܹһ硣ĳЩ˵ǲҵģΪǸˮɫĸôҲǲģһû˸˻ٻȻһƬ¼ŵĵط˭Ҳġ
ôƸˡһڿ˦˦ͷ˵˦Ժɷϣߺٶ࣬ЩԶֻͷ
ǺǰһͻȻ˽ȥֻͷһ룬֮ǰ˱һֱô˯ģУôȻ˯ͬһ䷿Ҳһ˯һ˯
££Ůˣ˯𣿡һ˼ǶûµĻӦ
ѵڤ룿һ͵͵һǣ۾ƳȥȴȻһ˫ŭ۾ĴϺݺݵ
һһѾͷû˯ûڤ룬ôǲأǻɣ絽ڣȷʵһ仰ûԼ˵
ۡ۾˰ô޵Ŀң𣿡һɴƿ˽ȥɱ˵Ŀ⡣һƨĴϡ
ȥҲ˵תߺߵӵһ˶Ůûʲô
˵˵˵ǹˡһĿգգ͵£װһίƽӡ
΢΢Щ˼ˣһҲûôĪܵʱ͸ˡ
ôˣʣڵЩҲΪʲôԼͻȻոȥʱԶԶһܵӣ޹ʵشһתСֽһֱƣȥȥҲ뿴㡣
һ׽סµСһһĻŨϢΧ
㣬ʲô͵ؼ٣ͨͨҪɤĶġ
˵ʲôأһĴ§µ磬սֻмס
½۾ɵôأȻͬȱ㴭嶼ýӲޱȡ
һµ۾ٿڽŶ΢ŵķ۴ﲻһ촽˹ȥ
һҪʱ²֪һѽһ˿ܾӰ˴һͷʵظȻҵ
㡭쵰۸һ𣿡΢΢ʪ˫ֻڲԾš
һӣǴ˿ЦΪϲҵġ
ϲϲ㣿㡭ٺ˵ҲŲϲءЩңƺ˵ĵܣȴȻϳϡ
ϲң㿴ߵý˵ôӦ˵ⲻϲʲôһĿƵ¡
һ㶣˸Щ͵˭˭ӦˣΪΪ˲ҵطȴ͸ռŮôܣ۹ĹԱ˻ô롣
ԣҲġƺһ࣬Ϊ˵Լ
һʼ磬ЦǿˣԺһעģˣϢɡ˵һ˳ȥ˳㽫ˡ
װɣװɣװʲôʱһŲµ˵ء
ڶһ磬һ´˳һһˬµɫûôÿˣһ֪û˯á
ʱ̫ĩ£̲ϾǾӨ¶飬ʵڷǳһ峿
һԶһտ֮أ˽ǣһ׷ֿȭİĶ壬ȭƷǷ˵פ
ǲǺСС¶
԰ɣô죿СЦʵ
˵СƵ¶˵ڴϣڵһû˯ڻôо
С仰û˵꣬ҪƵסСͳѾͷٺ˵˵ͷסͣѧЩ߰Ķ
Сؽµ֣ǰڻʹܶ๬Ů˵Ƿֻּܼʮӣҿƺһû˯ӣүģǿ϶Ǻġ
ҧ촽ݺССӶʲôԺ׼ô˵顣
Сʹһֹ˼ҶʮˣĻСӰΪʲô𣿡
ʱһһȭȫɶˣȴžžĻ́ͷһȴǺЦȻ
үʲôҴûĹ̽Ѱʵ
ȭȻȭͷʵֹҲǼսܴ󡣡һЦŽͣ½ְҵϵпûȭʦĴڡ
ȭͷΪʲôýѵּܺͽʦԿ𣿡Ӿʵ˼Ǹܵġ
ȻԣȭʯѱˡһЩԺ˵
СŮӿɷһĿڵȻȭ
һӿԶ̵ħ֣ȻǬŲƿٽŵĻȭֲ
ӿһЦһ㷢һĳβһΣһѰ˸ߵĿ޽С֮УϸβǿҵĶԱȣһ͵ӢĵĻʡ
㲻֪һһʦо޽һһĨɫĶâһš
׺ӵSSӶƺôˣǿԶ̹սܶĹΧһ͵
үˣһжΪ档ӡž޽ɭĹâһ˿޷ʹࡣ
һЩ׵ĺӵĻʱִ׼ǽǰࡣ
һκӣӵʵ֮⣬Ҳѹ֣ӶֻܹʮλﵽSEӶЩ˶δ˶ģս鼫ḻҶΪĿֶεˡ
үСˡ˫ִһڿԾ޽ϱһȦɫĽâѸײڶ֮ƻվԭزһ


318 ̳


һŵ㣬ιȰ˿ɫĽâ͸Ӱ˵ϣʱݵϱһ׵ѷ졣
ÿٶȡоҲٱʵתһʼ˱һ㼱Ľ
ֻɫĶڿз裬һһϮ㲻ͣһѧĶǺܸ߼ģˮÿһ֮ϸ໥ɣȻ󿪴죬ȴǽޱȣұ仯ˣ˷ʤ
һȴƾǬŲһЩĶ϶ƣÿÿԲ˼ĽǶһд顣
Ӿù£һһƬ½ǶûһվԲԶһү˵ȭԿģȴֻ֪㣬˵
һٺһЦֻʶһºӵĹˣȻǿúܰ
үڳСŮ𣿡Ӳôȴ޹ΪһڳЦ
ȻǣܵĹϵһ˸ϵڶǽʥҲˡһΪԵõЦϽҲ˵ô˿Ҳֻˡ
㶣ЦܵĹһ޷ϡȭܵҼʶһ°ɡ
һٺһЦһȭƣֳźӹ˹ɡұֻ֤öˣҪСĵ㰡
Сĵ㣬ҵذٵնӽһӰƮо޽ӰɫĽâʲ״һȥٵն֮ɷ˵
һڿն𣬰˫ţ̤źӵĲ״âƮǰУֱΧ۵ӶҪһƼֱ̫˧ˣ·һ㣬ӶһЩƯŮʦ˫ۺֱ
𾪡ΪսSӶʽ޽ϻ
ۣҶӾﰡһһ˫ȼӵĽâ۴һȭƿջӡ
ӳʱȭ֮žǶѹڲѡæþ޽ֵ
ȭﱬһһӱȵˣֱʮײվסɷһƬ
ȭɣһЦ
ԲƽһϢָͻȻһָɫޱȡȻǶ
Ϊǿ꣬һҲЦ飬λΪһ̰㳯ӳȥ
ĩһӾ޽һٶȾޱȡһһ˫ȭǱ׶Ľâײ˹ȥ
˶û뵽һƶԽâرӶŵĳԱǿ֪ӺöָǱ˵һؿռָҲҪãһĿռָٷ֮ʮĶǺӵĽָٷ֮ʮĶܽٶһЩ֪жٹԼö֮¡
һĽâʧӰ٣һȴǲ˷ǵػΪһӰ˺ӵǰ
Ӿ֮һȴͻһʹ޽׷˳ȥʱһֻȭͷǰ޷Ŵ󣬳ü
鼱֮£ͷ˷ӡڽָеĻ磬ȴĩ뵽ȭͷƿ磬ĩ˹
ӽ˫Ŀȴһ󣬲ûκʹ
۾Լͷ֮ȭһתһЦվǰ档
һջȭͷ˦˦ԵĸоʼЩղӲٹĶûôɣȭͷıûʲôˣȴ˲
СŮӷˣû뵽ϾĹ򣬻ڲõؽȭʦΪ½սʿʦͬҪְҵĿƵؿһƺ뽫͸
ǺǣɡһЦŽ޽ʰأݻӡ
ȴǲӣЦ𻵣ҪҲա
һԳȥĽϸ΢ѺۣЦջؽǲǺ˼һһѺý
ˣٺõĽ»ǲһԹַһ˵ֱջ
һٺһЦٿӣǵʮ㣬˲ı£ɫʱ䲻ˣǸ·ˡ
ȴɫԥҲ
ӻǰʱͻȻӵĵүСŮӶȭʮָȤͬ̽һ
һ£ȴ˫ЩŵװҪȴһץסĴ֣ĿĿÿ˵Ų׼ȥ֡
һЦЦ۾סѩ֣ЦЦѾͷ˵ϲԴ׶Գˡ
ɿ֣ģھ˵ĶڵС͵Цѣ㲻ô¡
һƿϵĴĺ˵̽ȭֻ֮ǸոභķĶ࣬Ϣһ£Ժ˵
ЦһһۣҲپǰ
һڣЦˣ̳ӡ
˭ĴˣҪʲôģֻ۹ĹԱ˼룬ʱҪ鷳Ťͷߵ
ҿ˼ɣô˵ֻҪ͵͵ûǰɡһЦض¡
Ȼߡƣֿʼ˵
һٺһЦƨһŲµߣ۾գҲգضֱµ쵽ϡ
㿴ʲôԶһ㡣߼ôôûûƤ
£ƯһͻȻðһ̾
ʱ㶣΢΢¶һ˿Ц⣬ܿûˣߵкƯԵתˡ
ȻͦƯģҾƯںɽɭһο㾪ΪˣֱǾŮµ䡣һض£˵Ļ
µıЩɶˣ˫ĹѤС˫ֱؿڣüƤֱ
ү˵ˣСܲˡһϲʱСͻȻ
Ȼѹ̽һƿ˭ĹƭСȥɣ˵ƯƯʲô¡
ܴɣһεʼ磬ղҲ֪˭ǹ¶õɫ
ʱǰеȻһ£ǰһɧҡ
ô£һüȻһֻͣǰԶмʮαҫ譲ӵĹâ


319 ³


һɫɲ⼸ʮαĵһͷ뵽˫Ǵ䡣
ô£ǡҲƿ̽ͷһۼǰαɾһҲܵ˿вдŨˮϵħԪء
һŵ㣬߷ɶƮȻЩαǰ棬Ǻţ
һüĿһɨЩ˵װӦĳ֧С͵ӶţսʿʦС
ףǲǱͨıסġгѪ̽һ֮󾪽е
һһ̽ʱо̹ǵо룬૵֮
ûȷ֮˴ĹΧγ֮ģǴħʦļ޷ݹ۲½ˮϵħʦˮ֮⣬ҲǴﵽ֮˫ˣѵҲ۹
ûʲôɿģ·ɣҼǿ䡣һڵתص֮ϡ
ֿʼˣ½ǿʳ磬ղŵǳҲֻͽ˶ʩߵĲɶѣһ·ڶ˵ˮɵģе˵˸ɵء˵ܿ
һԽ֮Ĭ޽࣬һ΢Цһü任Īֲڹʡ
˫Ӧǰɣûǰ°ɣҪȻô᲻𣿡һ̾𵱳ĵεΣи
ۼһͻȻ⸱įģ̲סˣһʵ㵽ôˣԴӿЩס֮Ҫӣǲ֪˭ɵģ
һЩ˦µ֣͵ңҶ徲һ¡
һзίۿһᣬⲻǹ˭֪ȴǺûñӷ
סᣬƢתﲻͣĹεĻһĳһұһ
һȴأԳԼ˼֮СҲ֪˶ãҧгݵ˫ҵŮˡҾң
һ뵽˸żᶨޱȵعâһֻ࣬صߡ
ع񣬼ֻһӰС޺޵ؿƺ޲ҧƵġ
ףЩ̫԰ôˣС䣬г𣿸ôңһʼЦʵ
ߣ˵Ҳ㡣СƲͷѧõ߰˷
һŲµǸղŵػͶˡ
ӣûһ˵仰Ҳûиһɫֱһ̾Ů˰Ϲ⻷ҫۣ۾ô󡣡
ӣȥʮҹҹʱһĶҲ˺üУѾҪ۹ضǲ³ˡ
һЩϲԽǽӽ³ǣԽˬˣҾɫǳ£ûкɽĴûп۹ظҲûаµ۹Ĳȴһɰľ£ɽˮﻨ㣬滨ݶ಻ʤжô£ûаȴһĶķ顣
һ·һóһۣ۹ʺסһңǵһǰᣬںƽ
µ۹սһЩԵĳѾȥ˴룬۹ҲǵľΪ˼ҵ궼Ϊ˴սӦ飬ÿδսСսԱͳƳһЩ׷ӻ׿Сҵ½Ͽգµľɫ롣
תһ쳣Ľֵӭ̶ﲻ
ǻҵӶţ϶¹үˣǲٺˡһ·˷ܵضͬ˵һĵ۹Լ½ĲӰ˶֪
Ǿǣµ۹̫ɱǹҲٽʿ۹֣Ҫ̤ƽµ۹ͬ޺޵սɥˡ
黺нԼԼԿǰĳˡ
һϵĴ̽ͷͻȻһˬĴ紵ͻȻŵһ˿̵ĴζҲԼ˵
ϾͿԻؼˣţǴ󺣵ζС˷ܵؿʼߴߴ
ǰϾ͵ˡµ¶һ˿΢Ц
һ£Ц£ҵķˣڻ׼Ҷȥ𣿡
ºһ񶼲ôᶨˣʵڼǰҪһͺãӣ˾ȻҲһ̨ףʱʱģܵ죬û
Ҫ³ˡ㻹ǲҵػ㸸ôǻΪ֮⣬ҪһƤµЦ
˭˭ˡ㲻ҵġһ˿Ц⣬صһҡ
һһһѽµСץѾͷԼҪӵš
ʲôſҡֱץĿڿһ
ӣôû˵ܸһ¸ɣ˵ǲС䣿һƤЦʡ
СһЦΪίһûһͿʼȰ˵ˣʱ˺ͺǸˡСµߣλҲ֪֮Ըƽ͡⣬˭һӡ޹ڲһЩĲӬûжϾû¸λĴֱǹ˴˵µؿ۹żүͻȻֹˣ˵ȫȻһģʱܼСŮ˰ؽģʱС֪Լҹĸ鲻һ㡣
°һһۣȴûֻСΪźɬأоһЦ
ǲΪ쵽ԽˣĶðˡһЦŷתµģȥĵĺʵܲΪʲôŰ
һůůЦڻˣԹԵԼСֱһסͻȻоһҸظо
ʱ³ǵĳſѾرΧסʱжϡһɫۣͷʹڣɫͷĿԵøͻƽЩ԰ףȴһַǳŵʡ
˵ΧżʮȫװĻмŸϵħ۵ߣӦ۹Ĺ͢ħʦ˱۹ػʵ޼ˡ
⣬мʮССԱ۹ĽӴɱȿ۹˼ΣҲǣһΪһ۹ҪӦܵӡ
ǺԼӶŵĻ޼Բ԰׵¶һ˿οЦݡȻ˱ŮҸôһ˿Σȴǻ۹ˣջԶԶڸǵģ鵭ŮĻΪ˻ȡ󻯵棬һ޼Ǻܳɹġ
黺ͣͬ³ʹ۹ĹԱѸٻ޼عȥ
ȵǹɣһʩʩȻֽ·£ݵߵ޼ĸǰ
ʵ۱¡һ΢΢һ
Ů¼ʡһ򸣣ָһ缴ĵȻ
޼˫ĿһòЦãܺãٻع׼񣬵ʱٲҪϼ
ǵȻֻǲ֪пм𡣡һЦʡ
ǺǣҲǾƵˣо꣬Զʱİٻѷɫ޼Цһļʾȡ
СƷһˡһ˫۷ŹЦٻᲢ۵ľ֮١
ʱȴʲͣһߣܲϲϵһף÷ǳ
ʱһӵߣҲĿЩЦ
ӣ˵ЩҲǵĻǸл֡һԺ˵
үﻰ㼸̽ᣬȷʵСŮӲٵļʶ˵ҪлӦҲŶԡӳһЦЩûϲȥһ죬ǱһЩ˾̾˵ƫƫ˵ͷͷǵ˲ҲţΪ˵̸ܽ˶˵ʯĳҲˡҲһкøУȴռ˴󲿷֣Ů֮Ӧûɡ
ǺǣͱˣڵȥʹǹǵġһЦ
ӵ˵ͷЦôʹ˱ˣӶŻҪڲ³һʱ䣬үУеð߾ưңֻҪƱ˵һ˴ˡ
ãпһһЦųӻӻ֣۹Ļ½˲³ǡ


320 


³ǵķӹɵģȻ㣬ҲûôҲ̶Ӷɼֵú׵ɫɳ̳ɣϢ
ԼСʱ֮תһɭϵСʱһ࣬ĺһһԶǺˡ
оƺУһ֮ƿ˴ǰһвɾԭ۹Ļʹǽɽϣ·бȥģѹֻеĸо
ۣǳǱأһ޵û뵽ʹǰĳǱһȴκһǱҪöࡣ
Ȼ۹ĻʹȻģȴǲ½ƯرġΪԺЦ
ǲ֪µôҪúõع۲۲졣һٺЦ仰ֿʼ컬ˡ
һ죬ݺݰһۣһ޼ɵЦ
֮޼һ˼л㻽ŮһԼȥϢˣҪڻʹھʢĳʽ
һΪµķҪסµĹ뷿
¶סڻʹһС¥ϣС¥иʽõķʮסĹ뷿롣뷿⻹һǳİԲ̨̨ľƵԼݲݣһǰһı̨֮Ĵˡ
ԭ۹Ļʹ¶ĪĴ󺣡˲ϯһ޻صײ±ϣɫˮʵ̫׳ˡ
̫ˣ£ʹʵ̫ˡһվ֮ϣۻ׳Ĵ󺣣̾ÿź˵˯ʵòˡ
ǵȻֻ۹¡Ц
Ǻǣҵһʱ䣬֪ܲ˵е㹫һЦŵ
㹫ʲôֵʵ
㹫ﵱȻǡһüɫ˵һ롣ͻȻһͣĿ㶵̨Щĵϡ
ιôˣһǰ˻ѩС֣ͻȻ
һعָЩ̵㲻˵㲻֪㹫ô̵ʲô
˳һĿһƳŶһЦǴ˵еĺ˵˿һֳŮ塣ȴһβĹǲ˵㹫ɣ
һû뵽ҲĴ˵ǰֹβعҲʬ걾оǲıְˣǴ˵еŮ˵㣬ǿĻҲǴɣֻǱԽԽаˡһô
ʱСͻȻ˹Сˡ
Σ¼ʵѾͷ治壬һβԾ˳ȥ̯ȫ˦
㣬һӵ˹ֻ̨һССԴͷѣģֻֻɫĴ۾תͣһ֪ǸŮӡ
Σ㡭ô⸱ģһ
δ˳ʱŷһҲģһһĿӣ˿ֱСҪģ˭⸱ģҲ۹Ĺ
ôˣ˵˭۸ˣһĸͬãСʮڼģȻ۲ˡ
Ȼʰɣڿˣһ㶫ԡο
ʱС˹һЩѣͶ̥˹ȥСץӿкЩûгԱˡ
ԣû˭̾һ
ûһСѾͷ㽫һ̸һɨգ΢΢СӣĴһá
ˣʼע⵽ߵһʱһֶŭĿӣһߣһ
㣬Ҳã͵㱻Ƶü޸ͻȻ˫ĿᣬޱǸεضµ
һǳ鴤һ£Цӣүүģ쵰ĺڹñʲôʱ򰡡
ҲͷһһԱӣǲɷһĨ΢Ц
һ̧ͷµĿ⣬
ÿüĿģû˿СѾͷΪһвԼĽ㣬Сǰһվ»󣬶һŭ׼۸ҽ㡣
СѾͷǷǰɡһûŻ
㡭ңҽиʽ㶪ι㡣Щµ
㸸ʲŲأҪȻҲὫ޸ˣ˵Ӧġһ۾һתЦ㲻˵ôͺһ̺Ұɡ
ɪһ£һһһƽȲ⡣
СģһɡһٺЦŽצΡ
ЩεһȻ֪һڶС棬֪Ϊʲôĵ϶һˡ
͵ؼһͻȻһâγɸֽΪһǰһͣﾪﲻѣ⻤־ûһ˿ħħ磬ǿȴ֮ʥҪǿࡣ
һת˫֣ǿľһ壬ɫʼһ˿
㣬ҡοŽߵצŵñ۾벻ͨΪʲôһƿĻء
ˣٶˣŵġû
һٺһЦ֣ʵѾͷϵʲô磬ôûһ˿ħ
֪εʴСͲʺħͶҲʱͻȻתΣյʱԶʩһ㻤֣ʦ޷ƿ⻤֣ԼҲ֪˵
£һƵĿСѾͷ
ף㣬ѵǸ𣿡ʱƯĴ۾ý˵Ĺϵƺܺãֵʵ
ҲİɣҶͰСѾͷƬһȤûСһٺЦ
һҪ˵ȴסСʵ㻹ûشҵ⣬ô⸱ģ
С죬һίӣʼԺı


321 ƷС


ԭ֪޼пܽ޸µʱ¿־쳣һʱͷԷȱ˻ʹ
γڻʹﲻ׼ǶһˣһСһ˷ܵԸӣ߱½ÿ䡣ֻǺõģǱȦ˿ȸһɳǶɱ³Ϊûһ˿һ飬ǲôİȥ
ʹȷʵǷ˼죬Ǯ¶׵ĵɲ֪˼ֵ֮ǮĶƭƭһɨաصɫ磬ôƯС类ʩڱˡ
ٽӣ۹С˱һͶһ͵ӣñжˣüζػʹһ뵽Ҫʹףݺݵͷֱ˵׵ϢŴ뵨ӵ͵͵Ļˡ
ѽҪ˵ʲôأȥϴϴȣģлӶɾ°õС
ͷСһ̽Աߵԡҡ
һһƨ̨ϵľϣЦŵƺͦ谮
ŵһĶ棬֮󲻾ñȥˣʶǽǲŲʣܲأ
е֮ɫһٺһЦʲôʱҲôأ
ģӦҲšʶرôش𣬵Ȼһڲ֪Լ˵ʲô৵һº˸ͨ͸
ҳ𣿺ǺǣҲ԰һ񲻸ҸһµĽЦ
°һһۣߵ˵ˣռ˻ʲô
ǰҾͻռˣô˵ˣռǶԲԼһЦɲǼһ˵һ˫ֳڳεϣԵǰȥ
ĿһһĿǰŴͻȻ٣Щ֪ˡ
㡭ʲôʵ
ȻռռϵıˡһһǷ۷۵ĽǼ仹ŵǵŵ㣬ȥ
ףҪܣһȴǳһ㣬ֻĿһıˣˣԸо촽¶ȡ
һĶͷµĶͷǼҲᴥһԥ촽һͣʱеһķڴɢ˽Ǵһ
磬ֻؿ׵ԺһƬհף鴥ĸоСڶϸϸĺë
һ˱µķ۴ⲻʱıݼöƺһܵʹʶ̽⣬ͷ̲һ˲ĸоƺһ㣬ڿƮôҲŲ˵ء
һ״Ĵֽмľϵһߣ̨ϡ
ŵĺζŲĺ˶ˣµֲ֪ʲôʱһһȴļߺƣȻˡ
ڸʲôҧҧȥģõǲ֪˶ãһ˻ȥֱĵϵһ̡
һ۾ĿһЩεһæһƿһתͷС仹һ֮ɫΡ
ʱѾϴɾһ׷ۺɫĹȹոշεСظͦɫͷʪ䣬Ƥ۷۵ģپ£мơ
ѵһļƷС򰡣Ҫٹ²ˡһ̾ѡ
ȴѵôҲ벻ͨԼȻغһӵһŵʻǺ޲Ҹضȥ
㣬㻹ûأǸҧҧȥܺ𣿡εȻ֪Ů֮ܲףҲ֪֮ǿԺܵģֻǺҧҧȥڸʲô
һһתٺЦǷ֮һϷ֮ĸ顣
ѹˣһҶܵ˼ȥ͵ԣҲһԷأǶû·ڴϹȥġ˵˵ͻȻˡ
һ¶һۣѾͷǲǴùͷˣڻʹ֮оȻôŮӣʵټ˵εҲӦʮ˰ɡ
㾹Ȼ͵߲߰ҲòУԼĵֻš
ǲСĲſ㣬ĺܺ𣿡ξһСһʵ
ºݺŤԱߵһһ£ȴǲ֪ôشõ⡣
ȻˣҪԡһٺЦſЦ
ߣΪʲôҪԡҪҲԼδķԡʱȴøʲôƵġ
СѾͷȴܲסˣһ˳ȥ
һߣɴ಻һˣһûģԼҲϷٻղǸǡ
һ۹ⲻʱŴ󺣷һɨȻҲ漰
һ̨һ˽һ˵Ĵ󺣣ͻȻͷĸԼĶӴͷ֪ôˡ
󺣵ĳ֪۹жԶ𵱳ҪԼ峤ϣһ￪ʼҧг֮𣬱ضʮٱ
ôţһȺ׷˹ʱĴӺԾٻ䣬һͣЩϣǷǳϲЩֺԵļһǵǰÿںߣҪЩɰļһˣһ
һͻȻ̨ϴ˳ȥƮȻһ֮ϣŵ㣬ʼ̤˶С
ѽ㣬㿴˷̨ܵܵϣһ˵ƮݵӰ
ལལཡһģ෢ˡ
ȺʱȫΧ˹Ծ
㣬ҲҪȥ棬ȥɡ¡
ԥһ£ƾħʿľ磬һ˿ǿԷУȴҲ֧Ų̫õʱ䡣
ðɣǽֻ֧һ´Ӧǣõ֣Ưһķȥ
һʱȴһıϣԶȥ
һ٣еȵȡ
һعͷ˳֣ɣǳȥ档


322 κ


ðð㣬ȥɡæصͷԼĽ㣬һôվںıϣˡ
ûֱ£ȥŹ֡û
Ƶͣ۰Ͱ͵ؿͣһ
һƺ֪ǵʲôЦŵǷɣͲǵġ
ԥһ£һı£ûɵر⺣ȥˣǿɾΣˣ˵ǳںߣˮҲܺãƬ򲢲ƽ밶ԶҪλȥеѡ
绨ǳһཷֻһһҸ˺ϡһһץŮľн˷ֿһһ§סǵС
һ죬Ҳֻǰһһ۱ô§ţ滹ôһ˿̵ĸо
һߵȴǺµؽ˶һϣСظһֱϣ־شţ򣬱ְ
һЦžݵ£ǼԶ㣬ɫĲЩסΪʲôϻôأСɬظоҲһּΪջ
ץˣӵұһԽޱȵĽû緢ߴźǰȥ
ξһʼľţϴд̼شСϾСŮ˷벻ߵµĴˣһ˵һӢۡ
ںĴ£뺣ԽԽԶͷʱ߾ǲãĺˮ۹ĻʹѲ֪Զˡ
ĪصǶ½ԡһȫããĺˮЩ̤ʵ۹ߣ촬ҵȴһЩС洬Ҳֻ뺣ԶĵطҵԶ¾ͳܲ޴غˡ
ǻȥɣѾ̫ԶˡЩ
Ҫ㡣ǰȴ˷ܵڼʶһʮ߷ǳȫ
һ̧ͷ˿ɫٹСʱҪˣϻҪμʢسᣬҲʱȥˡ
һ׼ظʱͻȻһ󲨶һֱ͵ĸо͵ĻͷͻȻ߲ԶһӰѸǱˮ£ûۻĻӰƺųɫͷ
½Ҳһ𣬼ͬһʱ䳯Ǳ߿ȥĿԣԴӶԷп˾ɫ
һ뺣̽һǵõذΣûεĲȥ
˻صʹµ޹ʱŮٻСѽǵȺ򣬼ƽʼһڹǳʲôǿɾͲˡ
⼸Ůרһ´ģʱʱʣ޶࣬㼸Χһʼ˹
ڣ֮ʱڴˣ´Ÿ߹۹װһѩ覵ĳпŮһ˫
绹СҪʼŮȥҲȥױˣֻʣһˡ
㿴ˣһɳüͷʵӰӻ
ţֻɫͷѵǴ˵еĺ¶һĿ⣬ĴԵرˡ
޿ܣǶûио˵Ϣһͷ֮治Уں֮еβĹı֡
˼صͷ۹йںιĹϴ˵ֻǴ඼ǿڿഫСʱϲе˽Щ¡
£㽲ΣһЦҪ˽һЩдʱº̽һ¡
µһһۣ޺޵˯ϣٸңҾ͡㡣˵֣ͨһƬ
һӶ˳ô³Ļ˵ŵ£ʲôʱ仵ˣ
Ǹ⻵ѧġ¼һȵӣЦһ˵
ҽĿɶĽ˶ԵֹֿգûôаĶһƤЦ
ҧ´ɲΣȻóһеĵϷζ
ʱС˽˵Ҫʼˣǰʹ


323 


ʱ۹ʹǵƻԻͣɫħƻǶڴĸ䡣ŸʽĴ󳼼ҾУڶ
һվ¥ϣ洩ݵȺɽЩͷۣ˵ʵڵģ˶ֳ϶̫ð̼ǵõʱǷڲû˱֪۹᲻Ūüһ㡣
ʱ޼Я谮ӽһʱһЩȨ׷׹ƨ½ϰˣһЩ֮ķʽϣ֮Ƿǳġ
ʱȥˡԱߵһŮСѵ
Ǿ°ɣĹһתͷЦ̧ʾ
ɬ΢΢һЦ̧סһֱ̧ۣ¥ݡ
˵ĳʱסȫ˵Ŀ⣬һ΢ЦŶ΢죬ɰòԼǸ߹ֵʣֱǾ䣬һʱ˷׷̾ѡ
һЯ޼ǰĿһתŻ꣬ǷεĻơӦþ޼ĶˣҲ½ͬĸĸ磬ŭϣһսʿְҵһʦְҵȼߣһʿһмʦѣսʿְҵΪ䣬ʦְҵΪģ֮ǰһ֮ѣʮӵܡ
ʣ硣µ˸ãǿһ˿֮ɫ
޼Цŵͷһ֮ɫ˭֪һѪթأΪ棬һС
÷򣬾ŴˣտҪǸúúһǶ֮ЩҪһ¡ֵһһ˷ܰΪҵͶ־ͬϵֵˡ
һЦŷ˼䣬ȴ޼ֶοľӪĵ۹ˣǹֵٺ١ǵʱɾͺˡ
ʱӦòˣ޼ȴЦ뼸購̸ţ˿ûĴ㡣
£ʱˣǲǡ޼Աߵһѵ
޼΢΢һЦҪȸһ֣һЩҲûйϵ
£ѵɲ³ǵֳʽ𣿡ֵʵ
޼һЦȻǡʱǱ֪ˡ
λ󳼼޼˵ҲѯʣԲ
һӦЩӵȺͻȻоϤĿԼʶתͷȴǽϤĿҲ֮û
֣ڲ³ûʶ˰һֹҪ˵ʶشֻӶŵļλԱˣֻд۹ĹԱԼӴĴ壬ûлء
ʱһͻȻһĺȥˣþˡ
һһͣԺֳ︡һǿǸȫȫⰮŷǸСӵŮӦʥħѧԺһһתʼȻ۹ҵС㣬Ҳ֡뿪ǹѾкܳһʱˣҲ
һſȺȻŲԶһϤĸӰ˭أһɫĳĵ£ǰһöĺɫ룬ԵЩޡ
Ǿµظ䣬һ֮ɫ
㰡һΪۻءһЦŴ˹ȥ
үϲ㡣һĿЩӣ˵ˣʱ治֪ôȥһָмοûٻȥˣǵõʱһЩѵ
ʶ侪
ǰЩĹϵһգգ۾
һ㶣ϷԥɫûЦŶһԭ÷椣˵ȥɫһĿ꣬ҪСĵ㰡Сǻ˵ġ˵Ⱥдȥˡ
΢죬һһ۵˵Щʲô˭ϵˡ
ǺǣǵĹϵ𣿡һٺЦ
ɺתףȻһĻ£˵һĹϵȷʵ⡣
лл㡣
һ̾һʵ㻹ûз𣿡
Ľ˲Щûô׷µģһΰһˣȴ˸һŮˣִ˵ʵ̫ˡ


324 ̻


һĲ԰׵ı飬ﲻһ̾ɵ˺̫ˣһʱԻָģһӰҲ˵ĴҲԼĴһԴҲһֱЩھΣֲЩʲô
ʲôʱģһþòƺѾƵģǸϿתƻ⡣
ع񣬿ɬҲ֪ʥħѧԺʲô˼ûɡ
𡭡һ̲סһʱֲ֪֮˵Щʲô
̧ͷһĵı飬㲻õҲȰң׵Ҷףֻһ£ͷȴ
ʱıһеģңһҪ֣ȻһӶ԰ġһ̾
ͷĿ¹ĳʽӦ¹ߣһֱƳǳԴˣ㲻ˣһ˾һ
Ǻðɣҿȥ㣬㸮ģһȷʵ˵ĿߴΪ˱鷳ֻô˵
ٵ˵һµַתȺ֮УһûӰǵĸ徻ȥˡ
һصµߣЦŵǰʥħѧԺһѣҲ
ҽ͸˭ʲô¡µϸĻȴ̺ܲһ˿ζ
Ϊ֪ˡһʼЦҲ˵ơ
ʱͻȻһ«ߺ̻ʲ˹¼ݵ
ɲǼֵͻȻһƬž˰еĹŮסˣ̻ʲ˹ûɣٳڳǰڲ½һλ˻
һҲֱֹ̻ʲ˹ôո޼˵Ҫһֳʽɡ
ݲһ롣ֻŨĹħϢһӳˬСһŰ׵ý͸۵ٿȻ˴沿һİɫ羵ˮ°˿ıһȦɹħԪعɵɫȦզһΪλ١
һЦһ̻ʹȻװԼŪصģΪԼˡһʵ˹ĳԼһܽħԪʵ廯ˡĵȼֻд˵еشħʦ𣿻᲻˫һѾﵽ˷ľأ
޼һڹԱҴǰޱϵع޼ӭ̻ʱµĵ
һʱ䣬˶ѹһдʵعȥΪܼ̻һңɴ˿Կ̻½ĵλһ۹ԶҪ¹Ǻε١ڽʵͳιǲѡ
Ϊ̻ʥŮһʱֻһһ˺Ⱥվñֱֱ
¼һûй£ֱĿţ̻ʾĵλ˿ԱģͶƶ˸ܿܿǴСϴԹĽ
һΪȻֱվע⻷ֵĽ̻ʲ˹˹Ҳע
һĿһƣо˷ͻȻޱȵѹ类һʹѣһ̷֮ܵʼԿӴѹһĿҲɺתףɰױ죬˵ֽɫ
ơһһȫֳ߲ʵĹâƺŤرˣ̻ʵѹһ˿ѷ죬һٺİΧȦڳ뽣ĽݲĽУ̶ֳȵѹѾ˺ܺõӦ߹̻ûʹȫһͨ˹̽Ҳľ缫Ѵﵽ񾳽硣
˹ûٴϮֻǺǺЦ˴ͷŶ崺磬ɽд˲ųɧ꣬Ȼûʧ
ҴӲκʧҵĵˡһٺЦĵѣȴƽűڲѵϢ
ΪμҲ򣿡˹ûһе⣬ֻȤʵ
ΪҪҲǵ涨ֻ֪̻һȱĻƽȣȻƽȣֺ¹򡣡һЦʵ̻ìܵĵطһᵽƽȣһȴֱκν׼ĵȼҪɭϡ
ãܺãȻӢۣѹֿܰѾͷ˹Ц
ܰһԴϴǵĹ֮͢Ѿͷ뿪ǡԼǿҵռһΣѵҲŹ̻ˣ


325 


̻ʱ£ƺЩ˱˰³ӣûмǴĻҲǹ̻ʥŮ֮һɡһЦ
˹ЦЦֻΪһ׶ŮĹУҲûк˱ˣҪȻҲ˵ĳʽˡ
֣һȻո޼˵Ҫһˣԭǲ˹ѹЦݡ
ҶɣʱҲˡ˹ϢسȥһϵĽ磬ϵղһ̸ûе
ҽʥŮӣһʥʱ̣ǹ˴ּ⣬֮ڹʥ£½콫á˹кڴصϹħԪʵ廯ĹȦҲӲãƺһ̣һ㡣
һƲƲ죬ʲôǺ˵Ĵ
˻һ꣬е˶ϵ˫ֺʮʲôһתͷ˿£мӣϵĹϢתԵʥޱȡ
ˣĩزǺ£һ־аɡһ̾ȻҲһЩģ̻Ҫʲô޷ˣһԼ̻Ƴˮǵʱô죿ԼΪлǱѽ̻᣿ܲԸϣһǾǰһֿ
ʱ˹˫־˼ۻҵĶֻð׹һͻȻȻһ˿ŰֻĹƾճ˵ǰ
৵һ£йȥ
һüͷ˫ĿͫɲʱտȻĻȫʧ
СһﲻмȻ˹ʵǿȻҡǰһλרҡǿػ棬ɱΣǧڣǺεȵ
˹һΪ˫Ŀ¶мɫ鲻һָܿĵȴǲԥСز¶ʵʵڳ֮⣬ܶ㿪ľѹҶĻмڹˣ֪ȻļһԲô׿Ƶġңò˹ɻһڳɳ׶ΣŶʮͷʵպسɾͲ
ɱ˹ɱ̲סð˳һԼԣǽһǳ鷳顣
ܿ죬ֵɱĵףΪֵ˵Ļر֮Ѿ£ǾǽεذԼӪܹ˳¼һ˹ûֻҪ¿סΪɷһܵ뵽˹һɣһ²Уټһܰ
ϣ뽫ʥףͽϴһж뱯ˣ£֮ף˹ЩƮ
һǳ˳ϼһ϶ǴĵģǵҪԼǰɣղŻԽƽȵɷһĴɽѹǷȻһǳаֻûʲôøУڿǷǳʱڣɲ½ΪУʮֲǵġ
һʼ磬˫ϥȥϸĻȴᷢϥ滹Сξ룬ɲĹȥ
˹ǷһСû׼ȥֻ˫΢ǹػȻ˫Ŀ˫ʥ⣬ֱֱһµϡ
˱ԣڵأޱȵĤšв֣Ϊʲôôױأ־ǿǸûǼٵģΪľǹ񣬶ҸͲỳɹ̻ʲ˹
ã˫ֵʥʼ䵭ڿ֮У»ָ˵ƻԻͣһƺûиı䣬ʼγѣһ˷ܲѣΪۼ֤񼣵ĵ
ǻģ̻ʲ˹ĻһĶ𣬶ҲͬĻһʧ
Ȼڴ´εļ棬˹һǷһĨ΢Ц
˹ȥһлظĹ֮ϣʱʼ۹ͳĳʽ
ʽȻ۹չǺöˣһҹ޼صĶ̳꣬һʮ֮˾ţ۲ѡ
ҹδ룬һ¹뷿Ĵϣĺ˳һӿ紵̨ϵᣣʪĺϢźߣһǳ顣
㲻ȥ˯𣿲֪ϵľζ𣿡ȻЩŵӴ󴲵Ľ


326 ͬ齶


һ΢΢ͷЦûоζĻǲǾͲȥ˯ˣ
ҲУֲķޣôͬ˯һŴ˵
һٺһЦ˵ҿɲܣԸȥ
ҵĴΪʲôҪȥ·
ҵˣɱǵЭӣһжҵġһթЦ
һȷʵôһԼʱΪ˱סԼ׵ӣһжԷȴЩûˣζԼһˣʲôԼģǳԴˡӸҲûʲô˵ͻȻðһͷƴ˦ԼͷʲôѵԼ
ʲôأҡͷô˷ܡһ˰ΣͻȻɵ˰ҡԴɳԾʵ
»عһȣ漴Ƶĺһ̣ȻӴҪһ´
һ¾ӨԼϣﲻðһͷָһһµס˼¡
¼һСŰȻ̤ȥ
Ŷһҽһ˫ȽУסӡ德εع
µڴϣЩ֪ؿʹ֮ɫһһʱ֮仹׷ʲô顣
ôˣʵ
װʲô⣬ʹҲ´˶ŰɣҸǵԸ𣿡һһţﾭתûʲôˣȻװһʹӡ
µһ·£ͣһ˫סصطѵԼողһò˵˵ȫĵطʲô°ɡ
㲻ҪɣҲǹġЩھε
˵ҪҪԺʲôӡǾɵģҪȫΡһ۴еȴ˸һ˿թЦݡ
桭ĺҪʥΪһ£Ϊ棬һʲô£ǲͻ
һһתæͷ
㣬ÿȻ˼ģЩȻ˵ʥɻͷһ⡣
һԹԵذÿŴ󿪡
һɲ¡µĽزһ£߳һ͵İ׹⣬һʥһˡСֵϡ
һֻСֵܱһůϢΧţůĴ紵˵ָʵˬ֮Ŷһ
Ǻ𣿡ȴǽһʹˣɽʵ
һüͷһƴͷȻʹˣɲȱصطҵӰ
ǣô죿ʵ
һһ㡣һƳһۣͻȻɫǸϽŵҲ֪ǵطǷǳеģڶûʲô֪ˣվػǾʹûʲô⣬⵱ȻҪİæ
µְףֺ죬һҧȥˣ˭ԼŪأ˵ԼˣλҲãοԼ
°˫Сһ¡Ŀɰȥ
һһ飬оһֻůСᰴСֵϣһ΢΢ţȻǽŵĲˡ
һоСֵлˣæһа˻ȥСֵܴڰӲ״̬ˡ
ˣˡ²
ߣһڻûȫָһȫջǣֱһɲһнƵ
ҧ´СֿʼһСֵḧš
˼أһʵܲˣҧסס
һҧгݵΪʲô⣬ԹԵ˼ס̵ֱСһ
һҲܣСֱֵܼµСֳŵúϲ
ˣôѽ½ŵغСִ˿
һȴܲˣð̹⣬ͺһ˵¡үүģ⣬ǸЭȥɡ
Ȼһѹ£ǼŵľŨϢϸոǵľٶǲ壬ˡ
һĴµΣСֵܶĹɼĥţ֮ӡ
ۿƾҪʧأ˵ĽҲǱⲻˡɾʱͻȻ̽һԴʵ㣬ڸʲô
ĥ𾢵һ½һһˮͷβܵȫϨˡ
ģȻʩŽˡһûڵôض㣬еùǣһжˮˣһϣµԸ¾ҲҲôõĻˣε¼϶ǿԼľ䡣
ڽֱһæһƿ˺һЩ˰ȫ룬ٵϢһķģεʵΣ
һ˯ţҪͽһ˯һ޹˵Ųɷ˵ߵϵЬӱĵ˴ϡ
УԼ˯ҵӣȻҪ˯ˡһһֽ
Ҳȥǰ㶼Ǹ˯ġƴţɴСһ죬һϣҲɿ
һղŵûɢôһУСƨֱഥǵŮζҡҷСҪ
¼״ô˵ãæСúá͸˯˯ķȥ
δ±ԴǸ˯ɣ˵ǲֿܷ˯ģ˯ұߣ˯߾ͺˡ
һЦʱ˵ŮܲףȻôͬأ
Щ˼ҽûʲô˵ġô˵ˣ˯ˡ
һȥڽļϡļٿһ͸ˡ
Сõƨһ£Ż˵ĵģ˯
һεؿɰãֱ̾õԲšⲻĥ𣿻۲Ϊȥһ¡ôţһת˴
ȥ̧ͷʵ
˯ɣȥķ˯һЦ
һʱסһҪ˯ˣǵĺӣôַܷ˯أ
㻹֪ǵĺˣǴĸƻ𣿡һû
ˣ˼һôãغһ˯ԲŹģ㲻Ҫαһĸ첲ʼ۵Сظһֱĥȴƺһ㶼û
㣬˯ɣҪȻ˿Ͳˡ
㲻ңһЦЦ
һ죬ƳɵһеĶ
һҲٽ飬˵ʵڵģŮ˯˭밡һһһСˣֻǿŵĸоʵʹడʹ˵ؾΰɡ
½˯ڴߣһɴ˴󴲵ߣ֮һ޺
˯˯ôôԶأֿʼˡ
һȴǲش𣬱Ǵ˺װ˯˵ӡ
һô˯ˡֹ
ȴһﲻ֪ΪθеЩƣһոջ޲óӣȴһԶԶģˡ
һ֪µ뷨²ŻƵѪɣŮ˵˼ĺ֣ճ̫㷳̫Զ㸺ģֵĶҲ֪ǻʲôԭġ
һһһĺ֪˯˹ȥ
ɣʱڲ仺š
һúѹʱȻŵһƬ²֪ʱĻһֻŴĴϣӿţ˶ѹϣǵĿˮȫʪֱһֺЦ
˿ɫϾҪˣһӶ˶һȴ¸ѹ
ɵ˯ۣһ˯ʮܿ㷢˲Ծһ̧ͷ㷢˯ˣűһڵļµӡ
˯ˣ˯˾ʹҵĻɣ˳㽫СѾͷȥֱҵϯ˼ˡһЦ
¼æὫСñ£۾ҿһˡ
һӴϷŤŤһ
˯һɣҳȥߡһһ仰ƾϢ˷


327 ˫


һոշٻʹϿգһĺ˹Ũҵɱ֮
Ǿӣѵһ૵һ֪ղźһ֧ѵصľӣҪȻ۲ɱ֮
һתΣΪһ˲³ǵıûһ㿴פڱߵһƬӪأӪľѵʿ
ǣӪ뷬Ѻڿչһ𣬴ʼˣһӪһӪ̤Ĳ߳˱Ӫ
һͣڸ߿֮ϣһ಻ľӣ̾һһվˣ֮󣬴½սҪȫʱ𣬺δ徲֮ذ
ˣֲǾ˸ʼջһٴһ۳ľӣسȥˡ
ʱɷǵһص³ʱȴִͷܶ˶ӿȥһһЩ˺ܿʿǵļȥȥˣǰŴһʫдġС
һЩɺȺ֮Уĵײ֪ôЩܣ٣Զײϰգλ߾̤յʬ۷
Ȼһͣ˽Ųб̧ͷӳıǡð߾ưɡ֣ʱưɵ΢΢һ죬澲ĵġ
֣ʱưѾ˰ɣһưһҪ賿Żţһ㵽ŻῪšð߾ưɱȽ⣬ΪȺӴð߾ưͨǹصľưɣҲʱ򿪰Ÿոأѵǻûţһš
Ȼˣȥһɣ˳Һһһű˽ȥ
ð߾ưֻյ谵ħƣֱ̨ľƱͷ˯һŮԱڿ̨һǰ˯
һüͷͻȻ£Ӧһ˿һŵɱȻתͷþưĽһӰð߾ưڻûΪˡ
һĵ˻˯ķԱԱæվʵʲôҪ𣿡
һʿĹ٣Ҫ̵ġһЦĻֱСԱ˯һ׵ˡ
㣬ԵȣϾ͹ԱɬЦ
һ»ˣӰԱһ
һȻӿ˼ģͬڶըһ㡣ͬʱӰҲ˲ƴӾƱｦ˳
˫𣿡һЩػתӣ벻Ȼܹ˫
ӰƱ£ϿվȻӰ˳Ȼʤѩɴ˫ŵĺעһһ˫ѹᷳ࣬ԽѹƱдԽ
һ˫ĺһƽ࣬Ȼû
ҲҪҵ˫˫ڵ
ҲܻϴģҵŮˣɻҶʶһ˫ž޲ǿҵİ˵
˫һ˫ŭɫһȻɢ
;ƹķԱһУŵһʿĹˤϣķѣЩ̱ǵҾζڿɢԭǱ˫ϵĺˡ
һһӣһǷԱϣҲϾڹ˼ˣĿתض˫ɢŴ̹Ǻӣ˵һҵŮˣԶҵŮˣʹʧˣʵҲ޷ı䡣
˫ɱһ֣΢΢һĺУоû˵ѣԼôܻŮأ
ʱһۼط˫ѩ׵ĲϹһ˿ߣûпĻԼ뿪֮ǰϵġ
˫һĿͣؿڣЩŭһһӣƮһѱһ
һһϵı飬ЦŶ˫֤֤ҵŮˡ
ʲô֤ݣ˫ü˰ġ
ϵĵ׹Ķ׼ļҴ֮һ顣һɵЦо˫˽ࡣ
˫һ׹ղأˮ֮ûеڶ˿
ʱһǿ׹һ飬˫֮пʼҵĲѵĻԼķ
˫һð߾ưɡ
ڵĺһ˽һ˵ĳɳ̲֮ϣ漴糱ˮ˻ȥ˫ƮȻվɳ̲ϵһʯ֮ϣǺ紵׵ѣѵһվߣĿעĴ󺣣Ǽ˫ǵ㣬ͻȻֻʣˡ
ʶң˫ʵ
˫ҵŮˣһŮˡһڣЩ
˫תͷһһϵɴ¶һ񾲵ȻգҲϣҵļûĴڣҲ˫ҽбʥҲʧ֮ˣ㿴ʶ𣿡
һȻΪ˫ʲôת䣬ᵽʧ֮ǣôļָ
ǵģþȣڼǧǰˣôʶأ˫Щȣһֹ¶ϢΧס
ȵȣǵǰˣ˵ʧ֮飿һȵʵ
ȻҴСʥǳ󣬶ʥǳŮһж죬ǵ۾ȴѹ˼ǧˣǲôˡ˫ϢԵޱįһ۲ѡ
һˣ˫ָǰļ䣬ȴ֮ļһɶˡǰҽѧϣֲͨһʧĲڻָǰļ֮ͻὫʧ֮ȫĨ˫ڵ֡
Ըҽһ𣿡һ
˫Ȼһ£оһĵŨûĿɬ鲻ͷʾԸ
һһƨԱߵĿλʾ˫Ҳ
˫ԥһҲһʼĻçԭ֮Уţǧҵʧ֮ǣҵ̶׷ˮףԵɺϵľȳʧ֮ǡ
һţһһƽһʮ㣬˫һĽ˼¾𵱳һĵεΡ
еŮ˶֮Լ˵֮ңҲͬ⽫ڱӣֻ벻ὫһɶһЦŽԼĹ£һе˦ĵס
˫ĪԼĸ˾ô˵оݣʮ˽ԼȻĵԼŮ˫סǰĵ׹


328 㼰ɫЦ


ļˮ˯˵㵽ʥǲｫҾȳʲô֤ݡ˫ʵѾ˴룬һʱ֮ƾնһ˿϶ס
֤ݣһ룬ͻȻ۾һڿռָﵷһ£淭һȭͷСˮ
ҵģħԳӰӦʶġһˮݸ˫ǸʱħҲȻϣ˫ܹһľϲ
˫ˮħһ䣬ֻˮһ任ԼӰˮԼڸϵ̨ͤ￴飬沨ĿʼӽԼȻԼ̧ͷ˵ЩʲôٽŻһȫʧˡ
˫ˮͻȻʪһƬļǵãӰԼŮġ棬иĸԼеʥֻʣԼһˡ
Ҫˣ㲢¶㻹һĺýãǼһܿĵġһ˫˵ӣḲ֡
˫С˲ȴûܸоֻİůʱ˿̣ȫһ˵ػ
ã˫еˮƾһ㣬±õȻὫֳأ˵˵ģһܽ㡣
ףҪʱ䣬벻֮һأֻҪֻҪᡣһȵĺע˫
˫ЩȻرܿһ񣬵ô
һ¶Цݣ֪˫˵־ʹԸᣬҵߣֻжӴܹ˽
˫һ¡ҹҪȥҶһ̽
ãҲ뷨һȥΣһЦЩԥģǼȻ˫ҪȥҲˡ
Ǻðɣ֮Ǿڴ˴ɡ˫Ȼʲô
֮㲻ǴӦҪҵ𣿡һЩŵ˫һȥˡ
һЩҪ׼İɣҲ˵㻰ġ˫͵Žŵһﻬһ˿ů⡣
Ҿǿͬˣ֮ҾĺҲҪ㷭ƨɡһŻ֪ǲǴ˫ƽһɲǵ΢Ц
ˡ˫֣ϰ׹һʧһǰ
һ̴Ǽĵ㣬˺һվ֡
ػʹء뵽ȻҪȥǺβȥһºӣ˽Լ࣬ʵΧƣ˫ʵҲﵽ˷֮Ŀֲǳģ뷲ķʲôûпɱԣ˭֪ʲôأ
ǣһ»صð߾ưʱѴһȥʱؿȾˣԱҲ˺üˡ
ˣҪЩʲôķԱû°࣬һĵæ˹˭һɱ̫أ
һͷЦҺӵģ֪𣿡
СԱһαһЦݵߺգɣƱ֪ĵģ
СԱһ̨ľƱ˵һҪҺӣȥͨһ
Ʊ̧ͷһһۣʵ˭Ҳͨ
һ˵
һԱߵСԱһܿסԼͣû뵽ЦĿ˻µ۹СþɵĿ⿴һۣӰܿˡ
һҲֲˣ廹ڷ㶵ľƱλֵܣɷΪͨһ
òãѽүֱӴȥͺˡƱع˵˰̨һȥ
ð߾ưɵĺűж죬һȥǰһ̨ͤ¥Сˮٻޣˬһ㣬ʵĿ
λֵܣð߾ưǺӿ𣿡һЩֵʵΪסԺô롣
ǣҲˡƱ˵һһĻָżɽС¥˵ӾסԼȥɣһȥæء
һʼ磬һţԺ֮з÷ǳϸڰһĹڸʵӦû
ӣȻ֪˻ӭӡһʮغһɤӣòҲ֪һ֪ˣôһ˽ûͨʵ˵ȥ
ʱ¥ϵĴ֨ѽһˣһĨӰ˴ڣǺֻ˭أֻŵһ㣬ƮȻһǰһŨķ㡣
үҹÿЦȻسһЦ
һһ㣬һЦƨһ˫û񻹱ƫƫͿųԲš
ӿЦһһڸ꣬ǿ湻һһЦô˼
үɡЦǰ·ԲĹĵƨŤŤȥʵ̲סҪѡ
Ųײԭһ˫۷ֱظںӵ󣬾سűܡúӽС¥Ĵתһһʱ죬ŭͻزײ˹ȥҺӦ죬ɲס˳
ү㲻ԹܺԼ۾𣿡΢ϵȴû¶õ飬ɫɫĿˣˣֻǶһεɫģЩЦá
û취ҵ۾һŮ㲻ܿơ¼¡һٺЦô˵ţ۾ȴֱͦε壬ָ֪лжôˬ
𣿡ǿ͸һ뷨Ϸʵʵ
롭ҲûõġһǺЦЦɫģ۾ʱ峺ޱȡ
ȴЩ죬үı컹ߣѵղŵɫģװģһˣһղŵɫҪװһ˿ƯֺõŮ׼⸱ֻеܹе˿ƲÿԸֱӵĹϵֻһ̫ࡣΧƵĸǵľŮɫ൱
ӣǴʲôʱȥһһʵһ߽ɳϣǳһӣӱڹһƿţڡ
Ҳ⣬ǳЦһĶ棬Ҫٹ졣Ҳ֪Ŀ£Щ׼ôأүһȥ𣿡
һأָıˡӶѪӶż϶мǧˣȻǵʵǿеʱ˶಻һʹ󣬻Ǻ˫ȥͺˣʱҲ
ˣֻһ£֪һЩҺһλѴȥʶһ¡һҲʵʵ˵
ʲôȥ㲻֪жôֲٵȼͬһȥɡ̲סĵȻһûŮ֮飬ȴҲһĺøУ˵ȥǵġ
ӿͦҵǺǣǾЩƮƮȻˣȰˣȥֲ֣ס˻ûġһЦ
һһӲǿЦ֮ǰദ֪һȻڻûʵȴһǳСĽһˣҲȰȻү֣Ҳ˵ˣһĵͼȥɡ˵ŴӿռָͳһƤݸһ
һӹƤһһѾôǰ·߱ǣ
ǵģ˵һߣָŵͼϵһط˴б·ﴦĶƹΪ˶ʮŽ飬ҽ붴ںҲ൱Ĵֻۣṩ·ͼû˵ʲô
ӵһ㷢һϣ֮һŵŨŵŮ㣬Ůڴ϶ƻɣȢӿɾˣһﲻɺ˼
ү㵽û˵֮ûһתͷһһɫڻģɽ
һعεЦȻĵͼǻؽİɡ
ţǻһЩۣϲŵֵġЦ
һͷԺָ߿֣ŮʵһŮҲ֮ͬҪְɣ˵ͼŰٷʮŵ˻ϾֻһĶ˵ԼûˣǺȴǺ˽ظԼǿļֵ˼棬һɲеġ
һҲƴǣͼӽռָɫӵҳˣպзվᣬһΪ
ӿЦЦǽɲˣʱǧĪҪƴǲźá
úԳƽ㣬һһЦദ֮ʱÿʱԳƽ㡣
ԺҽΣҪһءһЦ
һ㶣漴Цӽˣǽɲ˰
ȻᣬôһƯԸеĽ㣬Сܸ˻ءһЦŸӹ
ܵܿ˵ģֲƭô˶ԺɾҵܵˣҪĻ𣿡ӽЦָһһĿ
ۣռұˣҲҪռһЦָӵָ⻹شӵķ۴
ԽˣŮ֮ƺһ¾иֵòֺҲǹҲ⣬һĴ˵һѰ˺Ӹʵظ֮ϡ
˽һ㶣֮ӲƿһԶһЩʶ˸ղЩˡ
һջ˫֣û뵽ղŻӵظָôȴʵʵڵһѣָл治еԣһֻֻղˣʵϡ
ͨƳһһһζӣɾһΥɬ֮С˶켣ôãɬԵˡ
ܵܣռǰɡŮ˵طҲġӺָܿһЦȴһһξˡ
ʧ󣬴ʧ󣬵ʱۻҵģһΪǽ·ʲôһ޳ܵ˵ѡ
ռҲռˣɲ´ˡӰһһۣ֪ΪʲôһظﲢûʲôС
һͷʾ´Ρ
㣬ð߾ưɵǲ㿪ģղǾƱ˵ǣ˵ܿˣʲô˼һʵ
ɫһ䣬Сô˵´βͷ˵˵
һɻźӡˣ⵽ô£һ¾ư˭ĶѣôлƵġ
ưɲҿġһѿģѪӶŵųҶ˵
һһתͻȻô£ЦҶҵĽɣ
˵ֻѡ˵
ֻѻסĺԺ㽫ѣҲ㵱ѡһ˵
Ϊǰȹһ˵Ժ³ǾסʢȴҲþܾҵҲ֪һֻֻǽѣֻǻˣҪһʱ򣬻һǽﻰȫ˵ˡ
һͷһҲҪ飬໥ȡůѣֻ뵽Ҫ˽ϣЩ΢΢ᡣ˶İɣ̰Ĳ㣬µ˼ʹԼҲϣڱˡ
һЦ˦ĵףЦҪСܵļԶΪԤ
һЦ⻨ĹļĻнλãһ붼岻ȥ˰ɡ
ôأСҵļһ޿㣬ŮԴԷŵ£ҪԡһٺЦԼʵļ
ˣǿɲǽλáЦ˭˵ǣҵļֻṩҵŮˣֻҪҵѻˣҵļԶǵλáһͻȻɫ
ӲһһԽԽ͸ˣĸӲأ
֮һɲǵĳĬһֵķΧ˶Щ̫Ȼ
һٺһЦҪҽ¸ɡ
ðЦҲϰա
һɤӵλ̣⣬⻹⣬Ǹʲô⣬һλּ˵ڶλ˵ؽôλ˵ʲôأ
ӿٵĽӵȴͻȻһԹԵЦݣʶľЩԾʼһ˵Ĺ£ǰλô˵ģǵλȻҲô˵ġ
ء֡ȻӦԭһǶȦԼףܵܣҵϷ㣬㲻ѵ㡣糺һϣһ
һⲻӴ˴ʱӺ롣
ڸʲôʱһɱſڴ˹


329 


һͷȥֻһĿ࣬ƤڣźɫƤ׵صƺڸʲô˵ˡ
һӦþҶɣûҲͦǿ׳ģһǲһ㡣һһߴҶһֹ
ʱҶɷ˵˹ƺҪһһս
ѣһᲽһǰ
ġġҶúӻһǰǳ鴤һ£ǻվû˵ڡ
һվЦŵλ֣ɱᣬӿװ׵ĽܹϵĿǰǣԺͲ˵ˡ
ҶһĿӣȻô˵
ҶҵѣҵľˣҾ㣬ҵ˽ϣ㲻Ҫ档ӵ˵˵껹һһۣӦǹղź˵˵ˡ
ѣôҶʲô˼ѵ㲻𣿡ҶľҪסӵ֣ȴ㿪
Ҷ㲻Ҫңһ̸ⷽ顣̾˵
ΪСΪŲ𣿡Ҷָһ˵
һüͷžһĿҶָ֣ˣǿںӵϣǽצжɡ
Ҷʱǳɫוּһ˾޽϶عâ֣ɫеӽɫǿҪﵽʥףΪǰʮAӶŵϴ
Ҷס֣ĻԺİ·ҵĶľš
Ҷսֽ˽Ǻ޺޵ؽ޽תͷһ߲˵
һЦӣүүģˮѡù˲ʢȻɵ߲ˣӦû㲻ϵ߰ɣΣǴסȥˡ
㡣СܻˣллĵͼİɡһתԺ˵һʧ˴˵Ҷ˵Դ׳ԳҲпԭԼϲŮңһ˾ͻܲˡ
һߣҶת۾ԺӵĵͼǲŪţ
˼ݣһݡӶҶոյ̬Ⱥǲ㵭
ʲô֪ǵͼжôģ㾹ȻһˡҶŵ
ˡϵõܵܣ˵ͼŪģҪ˭õ㱨𣿡ЩյҶС۷ǳʧд˵ʱڿбҪ¿ˡ
ǣŪģɾ㲻ҵʲôˣǺ飬ǵԴǹͬԴ˽ԽôҪĶˣѵҲܹ𣿡Ҷ첱Ӵ֣úôάһΪӶ˼Ƕµûš
ӱǺסˣȷ˵ĺеҲԳеˣѵҪɣȻԸ⣬ǴһɢԺҲסˡӻıҪ뿪
Ҷʶԣæںӵǰ棬ѶҵĴһʱͿ
ÿҲסȥˣؾ֮һᱨġ
ҵǸϴոտСӵұͿˣԲšԭҰɣҪСӵǸȥҶǰӰˣһõAӶųȻһŮ˵ʵǲס
ӼҶӳˣ˵ʵڵģҶĸ飬ǷǳжġҶѪӶŵųƽǸͣѪһ쵱ĺӣΪ˭˵
ãҾͲˣҲ̸ԭ²ԭ£Ҳд̾
Ҷ۾ʱð˾ϲĹâ֣лл㣬ûдҵĴҲûСӵĹϵġ
ĹϵƺôһЩı䡣
ʱʱˣȻԱ½طˬˡ
ڴϷһӣСԱһʲôҲûű۾Ӵ𣬼ýڷɳϾؿ顣
㣬ôˡιСѾ´һƨµߡ
磬϶緹ˣС档·е飬õ
ͷʵأ
ô֪һûӰˣڻûЩƵ
δսµǰתתЦ㣬֪ڵʲô𣿡
ʲôƿʵ
ԹοЦ
ִǰɣСᡣ»˻ȭͷȴֱֹԼôԹ
Ц˿ְˣͷµļϣȻ˲䣬ֵ㣬ļûʲô仯ôҾ̫һˣһкܺŵζ
ºֺЦεԴһ£˶˯ȥˣˮһ̲
ʹһͷȴЩ仯૵ǽ򰡣ԭļôġ
õıЩ̫Ծ˵Щʲô;ǰӰһһƾճǰ
ôͻˡôһƳһһۣ˵
һõĶ棬ٺЦЦ⻰ôе㲻ζأ˵Ů˵ĻҪ֮˼ǹһ̫˰ɡ
ǰǰոս㻹ûҧгݵءЦŵ
ŶϧѼӲأûϵ֪ͺˣԺͱ˵ˣƤһٺЦ
·ҲǣҲǣɴཫͷƲһ߲˵ˡ
ʱɳһǰŴ۾㱧𣿡
һЩˣСѾͷĪǻˣ컹ŮڲסҪͶͱˣ
һӦοɲ߶ʮһػС
ΣǸʲô¼ˣҪСø
ҪšαסһĲ֡۴е
һȻԽãʲôϷǽԼɵˡ
վСŮֲ
ҮŵľǽϵζţοĵЦ漴ؿ˿ԼĽ㡣
ʲôѾͷû
ŵϻŮ˵ζӵתͷһһ
㶣ʱߵʲôζʲô¡ΣȥԷŮ˳ԹˣͲùˡ
Ů˳˳һһҶɿЦֹ
α˳ȥٳʱعͷһӡ
СѾͷǸ˾ˣ컹汻һӸƭˡһҧ
һɳƣ뽫˫黹йȥҶ˵һ£˭뱻Ψ²ҵСѾͷƬӽˣ»ڴ̳ţ֪˵˫º᲻ڴ̳
ˣʱ˵˵ءһתͷƽش󺣣˾ģֻ΢΢Ĳ
ɵģһͻȻڴŵŵɫͷӰӣǺһﲻȥһ̽ĳ嶯
һʱҲˣһվ̨ϣҲԥ̤˳Ŵȥ
췢κصطʱһͣһ뾫סȫһ˺
ʱ󺣻ǲ½û֪̽ǶĴ󺣻־äĿݣһΨһԴ󺣱Ƚ˽ˣǶǴ½Ĵ󺣣һҲ˵׼̫ˣħˣ˵׼ʲôء
ˮտտˮȥǳƯʽƯĺڸˮյζšһûмҲ£Χš
һʼˣˮҵؼһǰȥˮԽԽԽҲԽԽ䣬ĹѲ͸ˣһǰһƬڰһ۾ҹӣҪܻ治֪ôźáΪˮ֮гŨˮϵħԪأ༸ϵħԪطǳϣϣһϵŲ
ʱ･һЩɫķдСƯҪһЩˮĸˣɫ죬еļ͸˿һĴˮڶţΪ˲ٵɫˣһ֪ˮĸԺǿһ²ҲðȻǶͨ˵
৵һӺ׵īڵĴ֣ιһεӲĶһȥ⺣־뵽һһѿеĹͷĶ̸̲һ壬һĻöϳɼأֻʣһĴֳʹ˻ȥ
үүģ۸ӾҪܣô׵֡һţڵ³һ콫ҪеһָֻסȻϳ
һһŷеļһСȻһҧȫһ˦
ˮʱûһƬһӴļһﱻһӲǴ˳һĲŭˣʮȫһܲ͸硣
һת⺣ֵĴ𿪣ʱĻҲˡƳɵһһ⺣ֵĴնϣˮʱŨصѪζǺ־Ȼûͺͺĵںˮš
ʱһͺﳯ߿ƶǱ⺣ֵѪζġ
һҲܣ˭֪᲻ʲô̬ĺ֣͵˺׵ʱײеĺһ˲佫ֻ͵ĺֿеһɶһֶֻ£ЩʳĺΪʳ˻ҧƬ׺ʱҳһƬѪ˸ĺ֣ѱ췭ظˡ
һ澹еΣյӲҶˡֻǴʱŵһҪɢˣֲ֧˶áһֱȥǿɾѰˣں׿ɲ½ءʵԷӲһ룬̵ĺǷǳصġ
ˮжðһ룬ֻ֪ζѡ˿һˮɺġ
ʵû취ˣһֻﴩУͼﴩԽƬΣյĺ
ںﴩһʱ䣬һԽԽҲоѾƬҵغ
һһ⺣湻ΣգҪκǺˡһ˳׼Ϻ滻һʱһ۽ǵȴͻȻֲԶһɽ
ȷʵһɽɢɫ貹âڵĺȷĿ
ۣѵǱɽһ֧һ˹ȥ
εǰһͻȻЩԾȻܵ΢ʶ˲תߡ
ֻˣⱦɽͻȻѿһڶĴӣһӴͬˮһ˽ȥ
һֻͻȻڰУȻֱֱ׹ȥһһˤһճճĵطһҺ峯ӿ˹һĻ뾫̵ĸʴ
ΣȻ˶ӣ湻ùġһʱȫô£ԭǷıɽȻһֻصĴͺ֣⺣ֵθʴǺֵθᡣ
һվһˣɫĶ֣һطһЩѱǿθڽһЩ
ʱһúΪѻһƬˡأһܵһȴȻ⺣θﾡţȻɹһɲʱ˷˲ʲôŲˣҪæһʼǰ̽ų·
һѡһѡƿ⺣ֵӳȥһѡ˳źֵǰй⡣
һһ£ûǵڶְ취Ƚϱһ㣬⺣ֶԺҲȱˡ
ںֵθͷһ·һθӵĿӣֱ׿һ˽ȥ˺ֵĳ
סһɽһĳӣЩԾֻóϸëӪõģԾĲ⳦ӾȻ͸⣬ɫĹâӳսһöԽܿһ


330 


һ²첻ѣ⺣ֵĶôᷢ⡣ԥһ£৵һӿռָó˾޽ʿ⳦忴һ
ϣһﲻᷢźáһ૵
һ˫ִɫĽâ²һ͸ĳһһӣкֵĿҲûзһһϲҪ⳦壬Ȼǵڶ̶Ϣ֮ճһҲܹ˵ӣɾ̾⺣ֵĻָ
ѣһֻٴһӣѧˣڵһȥ
һȻǰһѣĿĹ⻪һӱޱ£ںֵθֱ֮
ʲôطôŨôһ𾪲ѣû´ӦûǺֵĶǰһȴ޷š
һʵĹĴɢ߲ʵĹâ䶯ĳڣһΪԼһɸۡ
һŴͣ²쿴ãڷְһ޴״Ҳǹ⻪֣߲ʵıʯɵһ㡣
ˣˡһȵʱһСϪˮ
һ紥طô˵٣öǴӿ״ﴫġ
ĪˣһͻȻӹһʮֺЦ뷨ҲпܼľڶĶ
һŵ㡣ڻ˿޴״ϣһȷǴ淢
һ޴״ϷһԲģҲ˵ﶼܷģгڵĻҲ϶档
׻˵ĿɱһֻèһĺıĹ߶ʮһͳ޽״Ͽӽȥ
ⶫͦӲģһ˾ţ֮濪һȭͷССӡʱöˡ
һһ۾׼ⶴ˽ȥ
㡣һһͲ׹ȥǾȵ뾫˶ϲ
֮Уһһ٣ΥɵƮȥ۾̽ȥֻ״̻Ի͡оµĴ󴲣ʯΣӵȵȼҾߡҪ滹һˣˣһ˵е㡣һһͷƵͷȴһɫβһʯϣһ˫ӨĽ͸ֵһŻ٣ǴָȻʳôоԼأȻ㣬һס⺣ֵĶһ૵ֺԼĴһѣ洫ʹΡ
һԼ˷ܵЩϴμŵκҲһֻɡһǾıӰλðͨһ㡣
ϧˣβһǸжðһǽƵβһЩٶ˵ͷȵĻǿԸǸǸ
һ´ţֻһң״Ӧûķ䣬Ǿ˵϶ֹһ㡣
һֿʼΪ˲ע⣬һ硣òףȭͷСĶֱҵĴ󶴡һջؾ޽꼸죬ɲʱС˽һ롣ⶴϢ˽ȥ֪
ʱ㵯һ٣ֻͣһ̾βײβ֧ӡ
һתȻһ˫˫һֱȥٶײˡ
һ׼ⷿѱ˸硣һʱÿ棬ͫȻз޵ʣ˵ʵ޸оŮǲˣȴоľޡ
һѲݵκĴ϶Եò԰ûǿݡһĽ㷢󺣰ɫ۾ǾµһĽ
˭оȻ³һ½ͨֻЩѡ
һòлعϸϸشĿֱֱضƵβϣĪβǼٵģһࣿ
һ˺㾪ŵɫƽҲúһĿͣһϡ
½ࣿЩӵʵ
࣬ѵ㣿һ˵ͻȻֳƵβȥֱñ⻬ӦòǼٵġ
㱻һͻϮŤȥ̺һƬŮһ㶮úߡ
βͰС㣬ʲô֣һȤʵ
ҡôģһЩְȫ룬ʵٽӴˡ
Ǳ⺣ֳˣȻĳϻһӾˣôסֵĶһ¹ʵĪĺĪȤ
ЦǺ֣ԽסıƤǳӲסͲ±ˣǵι䡣
һʱˣŵ˵ط⺣޽ģ
ǰֶֺס˵ģġЦŵڶţʮֵˡ
˵壬Ǻﻹ𣿡һʵ
ɫɲʱįޱȡ
С㣬ôˣһӡзһϧǰסСʵ
һشһգ类һС֡
ûûʲôʵҴûм塣̷ư˵ܹдСС弸ʮڴ󺣵룬һĺ׳С˵˵źɫЩ롣
ǱģûȥĸһʼǾһֱںˣζ㱻һЩֲĺֳԵֱʮǰǲƬ԰ȫĺ򡣡˵Ǳˡ
һĿû뵽ﾹȻ˶ǻ壬֮治С
ǿϰɡûе磿һʵ
û˵ʱ͵͵ȥΣ̷ư̲׼ǽӽ࣬˵Σա˵
ǺǣҲ࣬ҲΣաһЦ
һһۡͷ֪Ǻˣ˺ҵġ
ⶼ㿴ˣûӴˣһЦʵ
룬˵ǵǣǵ߰͵棬㱻һֳֻԵȻˣȴˣԵʱ򱻺˳ɳ̲һСŮ·Ұ˿ڣʱϡûб࿴ٺ̷ưҵңСŮǵй¶ȥһܷĨȥǵļ䣬Ϊ˱ľ̷֮ư̽һź͸ֻҪΣձſ籣
ôɵ£һֱֹǸСŮòƾΣΣվðĵɫǺ飿
óòˡʱһ
һѯӦô졣㣬ﻹмˣһʵ
ֻҵŮС׻б̷ự˶Ѿˡį˵
һͷЦţҲʶһǣҹȥһٷӦò̫Ѱɡ
Ǻðɣʱ̷ưǲɱ˵
һڴӦ򿪷ţվһλŵͷ㣬ƺ
ˡࡣŮС׾һýС
Сױ£ҸʶѣǻˡСײĽο
Сһĺ浴ůİЦ⣬ûһ̾һ
һС´šʱͻȻ뵽һ⣬һֱ˵ģ浽ûеأ˵˵ʣ˽ŮˣôôֳأŮ˸ŮҲаɣһ뵽һͲһ񺮡
ǰһȣһĽŲͻȻһͣһӴľסˣ׶ꡣ
һһüĴľתӿľ׶ȫɵԣþħڹߵλС϶ǣôӦþеı̷ưˡ
볷ôסһǿľγһҪߵľסȻƣԶ㴫һƺߡ


331 


һһ˲Ҳ˵ԭ򣬵Ȼַһرˡ
ղ˻ĩǿľħľǿѱɰ׳ˡոþСһ£һˣǿСϣϮľȫɡ
Ǳ̷ư̡ƺæŮСŤ˹ȥβٶȾҲ
һ˹ȥȱתһݻĴһλ۵ίٵ̱ڵϣɫһƬ԰סһϸϸһ£ͱ϶ҪһĸǶ⣬ǰһԹĹĵǱɬҪϼȦֻһȴǰøжǷȻ׹ֱ
̷ựû°ɡŮӣŵػ
̷ҡҡͷ۾һ΢Цһɱ࣬Բܹй¶ǺڵϢ
̷ựҡһЩ֪롣
ŮˣҪΪҾͻԿԶԹ޳ֻԵɺݶŮ˾ȻҪɱңŲҹ೦ջһٺЦ
ǰ̷ựǻˡ˵
ĩӴ֪࣬ĽթգȻǱѵ̰֪ǵĴڣĨȥǵļ䣬Ǿͱɱǡ̷ƺݺݵ
ǣǡŵĿ˿һֿ˿һִı̷ư̡
ְ̾ǰ귨ɱ̷ƴе԰׵ͻȻӿһ㲡̬ĺΣ۵һ³һѪ
̷ư̡һһЩεһ
һһüǰɣҪɱ⿴޸֮ʲôɱʲôȻ֪һɲУб̷ƵŮϳ˿ģǻǽҪɱԼ϶ˡ
ԲΪ˱̷ựұɱ㡣վĿ˸ŲҿһʱŮС򽫱̷Ʒȥ
һҧ˫ðӶţ߲ʻ֣ȻһԵ٣âҲ䡣
һƤһҲ˲ʲôŮʿȵĹƨأһָɹ񾱣ɴס
ԲսӴǰĹâʱһɺ嫵ķһõ˳ȥȻƲ߲ʹâ
һڿзڶܡʱ˶ѪֹסϷӿ˲òడ⽿εεС㾹˱¡
ˡʱӨСٵһҲŪһ£ʱһˮö
һֻһۿüĺָⱩԼΧһתһֻʶһȻһƮĸо
һд󾪣סʶͽȻֱͨӵ
ˡһòһ㲦˵ڶңһɫĹâָ䱩ǰǵ⣬һܡ
һٸѹһɹӴڼѹʶһջЩÿʱȻߣֲĸоһֱѪ
ѻһþסѹо޽֣һһ涷֮նſŵĳ֮泯ȥ
ֻһĽϵ߲ʹâһ£ָ̻ߵĶȴڳҺ塣
һ²һϣֵķ粢βƵģֻҪﵽһĳ̶ȻǿԽƵġңʹ磬ѵԻ
һЦǿסͷζĸУħһбһиһһضѱɷˣиոһһеֻնƿһ󶴣¶˺䶯ŵĳڡ
һаЦ˲һ˲⺣𣿾Ҫʱ򣬶ԶԶı̷ͻȻֹǻ棬Ҳˡ
ҧҧֲ˵ңһɫĹâһִ˫ɲʱóޱȣɫâ໥ڣһ˸
һʶûţΧһתɫâȻʼͼһ塣
һתϮ֪Щâɾ군ˡ
һʱȫԽСϻС޻ԼٻģĵܵѹȶʼһһͣһͻȻһָоİҪͻƵĲˣǿûнڰԪռֲħӸٻ
һĹ죬˫ִһһѪѹӿȥһѳѪɫȻıһȣëϸѪձѹѣѪ˳űǿʶ£촽ؿڣųһ÷
Щ̣Ҳһԣ񼼣ǧƾҲֻе֮дҲʷһ޳ˡ
һͷѪ촽ȻһĨаЦݣִ˫Ѿٵߵ㡣
ռѹȻͣʼо˲Ծ˫Ȼʼ٣ɫâ
һоһѣΣʶǧֻ˺ҧһ㣬ֶĥֱ
һһĻ𣬵ըһ𵴿ȫһʹ漴е֫ٺһ˲ʵ
һֻѹ羵ˮ°Ť£Ӵڵɫâ⡣
ʮնһһĹâдϣðеĶ۳ɵ㣬һһ»߲ʽ֮ϡ
ֻһ߲ʽĭһ𣬶е߲Ҳ֮
һҡΣѹѪ˿ոǿд߶Ԫ
һ޽һȥϱǼѪһԶӰ
ǹԹԹػҪҽһЦб֮ʵ̫ɶˣ⺣ֵĶ
̷С׵Ĳ˹һĿƵһ°͸߰ţ湻ġ
һ޽һ죬ýⶥ̷Ƶ°ͣٺЦ˵ҸýôأըųԻųأϸƤģζӦûɡ


332 з


̷ƵɫԲ԰ףҧҪɱɱұ̷ƾһüͷ
ҪҪԱ̷ựոҪɱģҪԾͳҰɡµһΪһҪˡ
㣿һаЦϰֱʹֻ°βʱôɰˣܳ
ҧ´ɫβͣزѽġ
ҪԹСװɣġŮС׻󣬹
ʲôһܲΪһǺ۸һȵһŵŮСҳˣֻб̷Ůݺݵص
ɰȾֵ㡣һضס̷°͵ľ޽һס°ͣŮ˿͸ʮ߰˵ٸһ㣬ɢųζƤֻ壬һЩ֡
Ź̷ư̰ɣʲôԸ⡣
ʲôԸ⣿һ۾һתʵ
æͷ
ҪҪӦ̷ƶʱˡ
û£ԹԱ죬ɱңô䵽ءһı̷Ƶߵ
˵ɡʲôԸ⣬ֻҪ˺̷ư̡ҧ
һٺٻЦ´ֱС㿴ࡣ
ɡҪҵŮʲô鶼ҵءһЦ
޳ܣǹǲŮġ̷ЩЪ˹ļе
һüͷһָȥ̷ƶʱ
˺̷ựԸ⡭ԸŮζֱ˵
Ŷ˵˵ɲУ֪ҵ˼ɡһٺЦ
Ĭ˰ΣȻ̧ͷֹ⻪֣૿˫ΰĺϣҳϵԸԼ׸ҵˣӴ̷ҡ
һ˵꣬ͷͻȻֳһõСڵأͷ˴ѪһΡ
һԥָϵһѪĶͷѪһӴĶͷתһ˿һ˿ԲȦһ̸ܵѪĸо
ͷϵȥָԭɫ˫˵˵Ůϣ˷Ź̷ư̻Сס
û⡣˵㻰ȰҿһɫȻ԰ף˵
ûж㽫Сֵ˹ȥһץС֣һȻ˹ȥʱůģӿѪҵľһƽ
ȵؿ˿һΪڵ˵õһʱܺõģû뵽ϵôһա̾ͺ˴롣
ˣ̷ưҲˣܲܰȻЩϰƺ
һбƳһҧгݵı̷ƣٺЦȻղأҿؿˣҲǲԣҪһ¡һָָԼĿ
̷죬һȴԼһҲ˵
һƳһָۣһѨ⿪Ҫ
΢΢˺죬չ㴽һѵˮһ£ﻹǺܸмһģһΪŮͲΪֻҪԸ⣬һ顣
һĴУ˺һǰץס̷Ƶ֣˭֪Ůȴһ˦һĴ֣˭ҪƣҲҪܡ
йܺãȡһһƨһбȽõʯϣ
ǣˡضӣ޹ǵְһ˫ȡ
ԺˣүһЦ
ǣүӦ
Сףү򡣡һֶԱŮ˵
С״ӦһɵһΪ磬ΪŮˣ˵ˡ
һλСİĦű̷аЦŽһ죬ḧǴƵ
࣬ǹ̷ûһռ˹ıˣ޷ܡ
һüٺЦȻôǹ㲻ˡ
̷ƺ޺޵һɱ˵ĻһѾNˡŤС˹ضΪһŴȡ
ɡһڰ˵
վҪ˵ʲôվû˵ڡ
ιŮˣ㲻һ㰡ΪҵĴ𣿡һ۴е
̷һһĴȣ־
ʱһҲˬòˣͻȻȴһתͷС׺СŵԲЩˣԡ
һСôһ˵پԼĶҲǿտҰЦҲˣȥŪԵĹ
үû
ûҲҪȥȥһͷȴ¶һ˿΢Ц
ԹԵŤ˳ΪһŴȵı̷ȴһĵӡ
ȥæǱȥɡһ˵
̷øӵĿһһۣ˹ȥ֪һӻҪ׸ˡúֻҪס˹͵ڿСס
Сʱ֮ңһǰŶúֲһЩŪĲˣʱ˵ҳҲŪ
һ⻰һڣʱһ̷̲סΪộôܳأ
۲ҲҲеٮٮߣһĩıĿɱֺ֣õõȥһ
㡭̷һ˻ŵ֪ǺĴڣǺ彫Ҫðˡ
һʼûз̰˽Ӹԡ֪кĴڣ֪ӵеľ޶ƸĴӴ˲ܰˡ촬ҵǱһ̼˵ʮ򼸰꣬Ҫ鲼㼣ˡ
˵öԣҴĽǶҲɱ֣Ǵʹʵңʤ˵ǺҲͬˣԲҪԹ˭־͹Լ˰ɡһٺЦ˵Լ߼
̷һһۣľһ˵úе
ˣⶫԼ԰ɡһ˿̻Ի͵װΡٿ˿̿Ĳȣҡͷֱ̾
ȻԣѰԼ԰ɡ̷Ʋ˵
һЦſϸʡһ§סСĦţָĲһĺãһ΢΢һĴΪΪ
ɶǹ̷ʱҲһ۶צ
ҵŮΪʲôһٺЦ漴ֵԸĻҲν
̷һаЦݡٿ˿һͨһſǹʲôǡ
һɲſצ§˱̷ƵֵµĽӲɵֱЦҪɱңʵǹⲻȥ
һצĵ̷ƵҲԽԽӲ㽫һҧˡһצ棬ϿɾҪʥˣС׶Ť˱𴦣һȴϵͣȥ§֮ϡ
˭ңûˣһͻȻʵ
ûԡСŴ
ûôǸ
Сһۣҡҡͷ˵֪
һ˷ۣ֪ʲôƨ𰸡
̷ƣң˵Ҳ֪Һⵥоһ¡һ§̷ƣִļ
ɵļһ̷ƺ
л佱˵ĻͻʲôŽıɡһٺЦв˭ء
̷ҧҧ˵ַķʽһͣѡнַֻ̥õȫľһ̥ػԼ
ʱͻȻʵ̷ựҵǲõַҴСû𣿡
Ҳ𣿡СҲŵʵ
̷̾һûȻش˵⣬˵һַͨ飬ºŮ϶壬һҪкǱġһϵԶ뺣׳Уûͨ飬Իǲȡķôȥˣѵѣز۵زۣھֻʣˡ
˵С׵׿϶ˣС鶼ʮֱݣ̷ҲȻ
һοı̷ƵͻȻҲôˣôķϾԭǰɡ
ǱˣǺӦÿͨɡһٺЦŲƴ졣
嵱Ȼֻܹ뺣ͨ飬ͱˡ̷û
һֵ´㣬ͻȻɫһβʲôûУôз°
Ůһ㶣ɫǣ


333 


㾿зģһջǲö֪Ҫ˵ͯвųֵûʲôǷ֮ǲܵģʱȴ뵽һҪ⣬ºòƺܾˣ²ἱ˰ɣҲû׷ȥ
ʱ䲻ˣҵûȥˡһŮ˵
һĬã˵үҸ߰ɣ̷ưС׾òã
һһ㶣û˵ҪȥϾҪ˫һǱ˷˿еķˡ
Ƕ£үһҪȥ£ҪһʱŻһ֮ǡһ˵
ǡүŮŵ
һٺһЦ˵ȻҵŮǵȻ˵㡣һбһƳű̷Сظ飬ǰͲߡ
Ȼһô˵ˣҲټ֣ʵҲ뵽ĩ֪İȥġ
һһ¥ݿڣȥֻ֮ñ̷˫ֻӳһӨ⣬ϷͻȻѿһӣĺˮȴ˿©
ˣһ⣬Ϊʲô⺣ֵĶôһʳһɻ
Ϊ溣ܹˮװһֽˮҲ½ֵĶûˮǵȻҪˣǺɼľӳһԡ̷ƴ
ŶԭˣôˡһЦЦҪܳȻתͷű̷תñ顣
ôˣ̷Щͷ
ûôֻٱ֮ǰҵ׸СˡһٺЦ
һ죬Ť˹ΪŮ޷ܾһκҪ
ɫǡ̷ֹ˦ûġ
һסС̺Сһ£Ȼİڰ֣Цˣһ˵꣬һѷ˱ĺˮ֮С
ߣˣôˣ̷һСɵվţɹеʵ
ûûʲô̷ự汻үƻˣȥʰһ°ɡع񣬷Ļͨͨ촽ĸоƺûɢȥŵ˵Ҵ¥ݡ
̷ıӰɻҡҡͷ૵ôˣ
һûںǱУǿٻص˺ϣ˴ºǴջ񣬲֪˺֮ڶǻ岢Գһ磬ϲĻһòɰ㹫ΪŮȻŮĿǰֻܳԳԶܳԽ
һ棬һ㷢̫ĵƽ߳룬ϦĹŲԵĺϣѣĿϼ⡣
Ϊܾˣӻһ૵ǿٽʱµĺڿżСʱɲ֪Ϊʲôȴں˺ܾƵġ
һڰͻƵĲ㣬ǬŲԼǿɱ֮ǰ˽һȫ۶
Сʱһصʹ£һȥƮƮؽ޹Ĵ̨ϡ
ǽڰûɣȥɳ̲Ͽԡһһ½৵Ǳƺ̫Ծ
ڵ˹ıһЩľģһʥŮôģˣʲô̼ɡ
һûĵĴ󻵵һǰ˵ȭһʵţһš
һȻôǶԴıɵļƣģûôѽ
ţ۽ͻȻһӨ顣
һĨȥϵˮָʪһƬٵˣ
ǰҿˣˣһҴûĵġҧ´ֱȻСһʵ첻ʲôʵԵ˺ǰѡ
һͷתģ㲻嵽ô£Ҳٷȥľһѽᱧߵ߽档
㡭ʲôֹסᣬȴߺһƬ
һ˷ۣСѾͷܶʲô
Ѿͷ߽㵽ô£һڴϣŻɳϿϷ˵
γҲ˵ĴϣЦΪʲôȻǵˣûһҹû˯
Σ˵ʲô˭ˣϲ֪˯жأµһۣû˵
ǽոյǸʲôһҴûĵġѧŸոµ
Ѿͷ㻹˵ŲҴСƨɡ߼һѽ˵ڴһʱңէй
һȴʹ⣬ԴȻЩԺû˯§Ŵˣϻ˯һСˣѵһȻһں״һ˰ɡ
ȱ֣ѻ˵˵һԴֲֹ˵ͷϣʱѽ
һɹ˲ô࣬е֪ǲں׹ôãֽŮƷڴϣŮžž˼ơ
ĽôԴŮƨأ˫ַ˵ǣ˵
ȴһﲻֻһһۡ
һգһʵ
߰˰ʮ尡ôⶼ֪˵ȻһСƨƨ黹ڻ
ʮ壿һЦһں״ôˡ
£ûôİû뵽ôңΪҵᣬ̫ҸжˣҾɡһع񣬺ٺٶ¡
˭㰡ҿΪΪҵս£˵ºˣһʲôĻ۹ǿ۹˲ˣ顣½ͷŤһߵȴ̺һƬ
һѼӲ£޻˵ˣɵҲĳ⣬ƫƫǲϡ
Ҳˣ㲻ҺˡͻȻ˵
һסˣƳƳѳߵΣﲻаСӦñһζɡ


334 ܺ


Σֺ˵ЩʲôһõԴ
Ӵû˵ǽС
СѾͷƬ֪֪ʲôû˵
Ȼ֪Ժұ۸Ϳҽæȥͻңʲôͻҳԣ԰׽롣ΰָͷ˵
һԽԽζѾͷҪūд
ͣͣѾͷ㻹ұȥɣæûôʱ㡣һĨȥͷ亹Ц
ҿ㻹ðɣӦûܺġƵһһۡ
ððһ챧Ž˯ءЦ
ںˣǲǸóˣ㲻˵ȥɳ̲Կ𣿡ôһ˵æתƻ⡣
ʱ̫ȫ˵ƽ£ֻʣһ߹ϼƲðСͷ
һôӻʹ˳ȥһƫƧɳ̲ϣһ𣬴ӿд¶ֻٴӺ㣬ϱˡһؽЩҰζϴãϱ㿾
죬ʪζһһ淭תſ⣬һȴô˵飬˫Լӡ
ʲôأ¼һЩĲɵӣʵ
㡣һ̧ͷЦ
˭㰡Ů˵ȥɣˣ㻹û˵ʲôȥأ»ˣȴ¶õ΢Ц
ȥԼˡһٺЦ
˵ˣ㲻˵Ҳ֪㶨͵ȥˣߡΪһڷ
һʼ磬֪᲻š
𣿡ȴǽŲ˹ʵ
Ȼˣʲôʱƭ㰡һЦ
㳤ʲôӰκʵ
Ǻľ飬ģǴ˵еĺ࣬ȴÿˣһƯءһٺЦ
ǲɫͷ۾ʵ
һһʵô֪ǽɫͷ⣬̷С׶Ǻɫͷ۾͸һ㡣
εģҲֹεһΣӺСʱεˡ˵
ֻΰˣ㻹Ϊİȴǲš
һû£Ϊ֪µʼĩʵεʲôǵ𣿡
εĿЩ룬૵ǺҲɳ̲ϣһƯƯİؿңҵԴȻ󡭡Ȼûˡ
Ŀ˼ͻȻ뵽ֵɫ磬ѵν㡣
ļ𣿡γһʵ
һЦŵͷ
ǽɲԴȥǡ˫۷˵
ȻԣסһֵֺĶ޽Ĺᵯ١һЦŵ
ٺˣͻƭСŮȻš
Ž˵ĻʲôʱȥȴŲɡ
һԥһ£˵Ƚ֮ʹȥסҲû⡣
Ҫ𣿡ݵһ̺
ţҪ뿪һʱ䡣һͷ˵
Ҫȥ³Ĭһ£̧ͷһʵ
ʱϵĿɢ㣬ɫҲ˽ɫһһóĨһ˵ˣ߳Ա˵ɡ
һĨõϵ⴮ݸŮԼһ̻ҧڣŷöȴһĩԡ
԰ҸʲôѵҵıȽϺóԣһЦ
ٷϻ㵽Ҫȥģ˵Ҿ͡ҾͲԡ²ǳһ촽
ÿµвһεЦЦҧһڿĵҪһȥһҶ֪Ӷǰʱ䷢ǸɣǴȥһ
ȥˣ㲻Ҫ𣿲׼ȥ¶ʱɫסһֻŵ
һĵ£οС֣ȥУѾͱԼˣֻȥʶһ£Ӧ֪ҵʵȫ˿϶ûġ
ʵȻߣĿֲû˵𣿶ʵǿԹ꣬㻹һ𣿡Щ˵
ˣһЦЦָµ
ûзҲһĴָԾǿҲͬǰ
Ҳ˵һȥɡβ
ΣСƨǰɡµһãСѾͷͷ˸
һµĦ£̧޼㷢ڶ֪㵣ģҷȥɡ
ŵ㣬ǲ׼ȥ΢ĿһĴ֣ͻȻ뵽ʲôɵһ۾ʵλŮˣ
һ㶣Ҳûʲôʵʵ˵Ůˣ׼ȷ˵ҵŮˣȻڻϡ
ºȻվһһãһȥɣŮȥɣ˵ͷҲصط
һ죬̾һºۿǷǳˡ
˭ӳһͻȻԶ˹ˬأȵ
䣬һӰӲԶͣһǰ
һŲμӰһƽˣϥ¸һ˫еĽͷơ
ʲô£һʵ
ܺүĿһŸˡ˵ݸһӡħżͲʧˡ
żصħӡģõ޷鿴һ򿪵һͲ¥ϰ񷢹ģ˵һӺŪǱƬϵּȷǰһħֵķָ壬еݻǲö֪
ѵǰһü
û룬һ˵ڶͲչżһһϲüңڶȴһɽдģ˵Ѵͨɻؽڣ£һЩԵף鱨ںɽԳ߹ģ
СӣеͰһϲЦţԼ˵۹ЩƮƮȻˡ


335 


½߶ȥˣһһ˸ɴҲûʲô˼ҲתʹȥҲû˰ɡ
ֻ˭֪صµ޹ȴͷһˣѾͷҲ֪ܵȥˡһֹ۹ʹתţȴһƫƧ֮ŷħţðŵĽ⣬þȦȦ̲ҲҵĹâ֮쫷紵ݲϢĿ֮뺷ӭ
һ˵ͷţĽħһ磬ԵΪеˣͬʱҲЩΣЩĬĬظ󣬶Լȴ㽫ˡ
һԽϢţ֮еţѹһ˫ͭСţðźâ˹
ϴ󡣡ţϲ˹һֱڻʹ콫Ƴˡ
ţʰһ°ɣߡһЦţ׳ʵš
ðˣطģЩСֲһţܵԶԶģˣϴȥİţԹ
ȥSSô˰ɡһٺЦ
ţϴʲô£񰡣ջϴʲôʱţȥءţţһʱ˷֣һʱֻص˼ǰһһðյʱ
һǺЦϷʵѵλС𣿡
ţϰԵͷϵţǣǺɵЦǰӣĻţ˫ֳһ˿˼ۡ
뿪ɽҲжˣȴ½ƻĻҾȥһ˰ɣҲܾû¶ˡһЦ¶ǰճ˵СԼǳջľŮɽԶǹĵ޺ޡ
ţǸ˵ֱͷո»ûñˣǶԼǣҶǵġֻһԶ˵һλ
ʱ磬ϴҺɣǺܾûһʹغȹˡһЦӿռָͳС̳ƣһһ̳۹ʹĶ¥϶ϲ־Ӹµĸо
ҹɫùǿպúϮˣк˵İʵֻ֮õҹԺмˡ
ھͺˣûߺȱʲôƵġţĨȥƽǵľͻȻ˵ǵӣÿһ𣬸ǲ
һĿЦǰҪ˶ñٴμˣʱһҹ
ҹУҹţЦɵĽһ̳ƺȵһβʣ
࣬ǧʧźáһ૵ЩԶἰ㲻˿̣֪ôˣװ۵ŮˣȻŪ˴֮壬Ҫ
һţȵֱӽʹľƽʮ̳ƣһĹƻ£ʹػҲУʹ¥˵ʮˣеĻž̳һ˵ź
ڣţҲˣһһ̳ƣͻȻҪˣûиء
ֻôˣӦѾ˯˰ɡ룬һǾһˣ˵һʵڹⲻȥ
һѾַһһûзѶҵļң۹ĻʹҲԶǿߵһ޴ׯԲ
һϢȰɭϵׯԲдУϢرŮסĴԺ
ԺַΪСԺ䣬Գһ壬һЩˣ𵽵סĸСԺأܲһһȥɡ
⵱ڣһͻȻһŮһ̴ӺԺſ˽
ףС죬ôСҹС㻹û˯𣿡ԺһЦʵ
ǰСʧˣϣܹ˯šСŮĴתһµСԺ
һŮеСӦþˣ벻ʧߣòỹΪ˷ɣһԵ
һŮԺӣһŵƵ᷿ûһֿտյ˳
ȥһϲɡһ͵ЦָһǷħ৵һϨˣʱһƬڰᣬһϢ˷
һ˫ĿҹӣⷿﻷһȦ֮ͻȻһʱڸ
ףħôˣ૵漴ĬһĹϵʩ˳
һԡͰˮ֬ĽڹŵӨӨͦε齾شǰϸȼϸϸëܲ޳ԲǶ
һҪڷӰĽһҲҶģ˭ȴ˳ԡ֪ˣ˿϶ʮεġ
ʱһֶŹһԡʼԼĽúϸÿһ䶼ûзŹŮ˽ܵĵط
һҪ۾ƫƫܲסԼ۾ÿĲÿһҲû¡
ͻȻĽУһ֮½ԼϢĸ
һɣ֪㡣ԡסҧ´˵
һпЦ벻ͨηģȻ˸ţȥҲû˼ˡ
һӰЩεߵǰȻ¶Сȣ۾֪ķˡ
Ҳǹģû뵽
㲻ýˣ׵ġһĻ
һʱ䣬˶֪˵ЩʲôЩӲֱһ
㶼ˣã«ʵʲô
šһʵʵصͷϡ
ҵĺ𣿡һϼʡ
һЩ٣ǵ˵ͷ
Ǳ衭أĸûҵĸá̧ͷֱһ
ĸãġһȴ̾ǷŲ£ȻڹȥӰ֮УŮ˵ʧҲΪ˰ɡ
΢΢Цˣǰһһ𣿡
𡣡һ̾
ҲԱֻ֪ʱζôģҼǵʱıôҸ˵§סһĲӣ۴ӡ˹ȥ
һû㣬ķ۴Ϯ
Ĵӣ˽һûκĶֻƬһ𣬶Ҳڴʱ


336 


ҹϢػĵһ͸Ʋʱһѻص۹ʹ
һһڻЩңǾˣ֪ǸǲǳŮ֮飬ΪûдӷӰ֮߳Եʰɡ
ҲЩЦ˶ҲãȻ˯˹ȥһûнֻҪǺñ֮һżˡ
ţˡһ߻εţֱһ֮ţƤʱ̼
ȥȥȥʰһ¡һţµ޹
֣û𣿡һüͷЩˬҲ޿κԡ˸軻ѣһµĴһˣ޼һøкҪߵϢǼһ϶֪ˡ
ɾһţһҪ뿪ʹʱ޼ȴһлˡ
ôҪȵôҲͷӣҲʸ𣿡似Це˵һҲʲôա
ΪﷱæǴǿɾͲˡһҲЦǺǵ޼ѣ˾ʲôֻԼ֪ˡ
ô᣿ڣٴҲ÷һ߰˵Ҫȥ޼üʵ˹ȻϢͨСȷ㡣һĿЦ
֮ˣȻǿ϶Ǿ˼ǵģҲͲˣֻΣҪСģµİΣҲ㽻ˣϣúչ޼̾
£һ۾һʱ㲻״
ʱһǰӰһ±ǰָһѩ׼۵װ磬ƽһһμǴһ㡣
ʲôЦҲҪһȥһȵ
Ůã˽صһЩ˸⣬ҲҲֻͬˡ޼һκʹı飬ƺȥı
һЩ⣬漴ָֻ
һƳ£Ҳٶ໰޼ʵعάʹ
£ǸʲôֲȥģһʹһŤͷʲںͷ¡
Ҳȥʶһ²𣿡µ˵
Σաһε
⣬ǸŮȥҾͲȥ𣿡µƽй¶һ˿⡣
ˡһͻȻվӣת
ǡͲλ𣿡ƽıһࡣ
˵ʵҲΪʵҸ߳ࡣһἰ˫ֳ飬¶ʼɲѡ
ȻʼŮһеĵλʵһ߳࣬ʶؾò̫ܣһʵԼһħʿĶ֣ħʦҲûжԿ
ʲôְҵʲô磿˫ʵ
ˮϵħʦھӦǷɡһЦʼ硣
°һ۴ŵϴòŻع׷һеƭˣҲŲء
žˣʱ֪ˡһһνӡ
ǲţľѾĩ˴ﵽˣ½߾ҲǴħʦѡһȴ֪û֪ڣĽݲǴﵽ˽ľ磬й̻ʲ˹һ²ҲӦôﵽ˷֮һЩʿ֮л־ʲô
˳˫Լĺ̲ȥĩʱɳ̲֮һĨӰУ°Լ㷢ӭƮ裬Ůһ㣬ԶԶűоһϢ
֪ΪΣͻȻýЩ£±ȲŮӣһԶԶıӰѲŮӵĲ
ǲһǵĵ˫תЩɨţ£Ȼüɻһ
˫㰡ʼΪţˡţ˫ϲش˵
ţϴҸ˵ġһЦ
ϴ⡭ţţۣȻΪʲô˫᲻ʶ
ǰ鶼ˣ˵鷳ģԺٸɡһڰֵ
´˫Σò˫浾ȴǱȲϣȴôҲﵽ֮ˡ
ã£ӡ¼һûнǰһǰȻЦ˲ɲ뱻Ů˱ȥ
˫ü΢΢˵ͷǴкˡ
һȥ԰ɡһЦߣȴԶߵŮӣﷺһ˿ɬ
û˫˵ٶ
ȻûǾͳɡһЦЦţ־
һĨ̵ӰһƮڿУڿһĲӰȻ⵭̵ӰڿŤ˼»Ϊһɫ̡
Բ֮ڵĿռͻȻһһ㣬´£ƻá̵ٴη˱仯ʵľŮŮıɴذ¶ɧǣƫƫǾȴ崿ޱȣ̵峺ףһ˿ʣˣ˶Ҫ֮
ŮлûĸвͬζҲвͬһƵһЦ˿Ʋס컵Ƭʵء
ţĸŮ˰˸˸ʮֱΪһٸͬζľɫŮӡǿɢ޵ૣˮǰҲþΪָᡣ
Σ컵ľ¿ʼ䵭ֱʧһбָԭ
һĨ̵һһɫװŮƾճ֣ĺЩ٣ѩ׵Ķͷֺգ˾ȵǣβ洹һѩ׵βͣһŮ
ʱһͬźβ˵һ˹οŮ
ùãҳɹˣǧеİٱŮ˷ܵץסĸ첲ֱҡ
ɯ㲻ӵѪţǺ˾ȫˡ̧ĦŮ㷢
ŮȻǻʺԼɯˡ
ùãҲһǵҪһæģֻҪߣǺһ˵ġɯŵ˵ֻἰһʱ۾һ˿
ɵѾͷϳһûܹǣԵĲĳǣĻһ壬ƾǲúָǰٹġǻʺҡҡͷ̾
ǹùãǸɫҪ˼Ůˣ˵ˡɯתߵ
𣿹ùôͦԸİҪ֮ô޾ɵģϴλﺰءǻʺȤ
ᣬ˼Ҳûءɯߺ
ûԼˣ˰ٱʱȥˣľû̫ʱٵȥǻʺЦȰؿűɯֶŮһѪϣʧźá
ȥ˭֪ءɯЩ⶯ǲ鲻Ը
ǻʺͿ˱ɯ˼Ҳ˵ƣͳһɫ۹ֻҪ뾫ԸܵĴ·λ
ɯӹץģ̲סһߡ
ɯȻȥ׼һ°ɣùûе顣ǻʺЦɫ֪ΪαЩ԰ס
ɯȴûвӦһˡ
ñɯʧǻʺǳ鴤£һѣεڵأһѪ˳̵Ĳݵϣ쳣Ŀ
ǻʺɫ԰׵Щˣӿռָͳһƿ֪ĵҩȥɫʼÿһЩ
ǵȲ˵һˡǻʺޱį̾һĨȥǵѪվΪ˱ɯ˳ǧľ
ʮ֮һһƾųٶ۹ҶҶ󣬵ǹҪϼֱȴǹһεģˮƽʮϰ±ⶼˣΪ˵ؽͨʮֲ㣬౻ԭʼɭָǣ÷չϣˮƽȻҲϡ
ֻҶԭʼɭֱԵһСȴַǷ֮ǰֱ֮һжΪСԶԭʼɭǸԵʡΪӶᷢSSò½еӶԼΪ֮һЩ˵ĳɼжջ
Ϊ˱ⲻҪ鷳˫½ɴգòҪӦȺ໽еɫǾ͹ˡ
СԵʮӵеһʯ̳ɵ·ͷӿӿССӶл洦ɼħʦʦ֮ĸżʣƺ½ĸȫۼ
ˣֹĽˣǼβ˱ȽϺáһĴЦ
ʲô㽣۸ͷһҳࡣţ˵أɱֿʼѪȵζ
ǰʲôﲻҲһλ𣿡µӿڣ۾ȴߵ˫һ㷴ӦҲûкЩʧЩһֱ̽˫˫ȴ֪һֱž룬ʱӦʱǳĬ
ñ£ģ˴ܵġһֻ˵֪꣬ôļһɫԵĳ˫ұ˵鷳˲鷳
λŮôȵɴ죬ôүǵĿһȻҪȥ⿪˫ɴŰɧ׵Ľʿͷģһӵܡ
˫һҪ֪ļһɱȴǰһ˲˿Уһڿбըӡ
һʱֵȫͣʱ·һ̱סһ㣬С߻ӣÿ췢ĴСͻѪ𺳵ȴ״ο
үүģӵŮˣòͷˡһݺݵǲԸ鷳鷳
㡭ѵһǲ͵ˣΪʲôҪɱǡЩȥˣϲѪȡ
ǸһɱҲɱ˫
սֻС׼׶ѣ£ûõĴȱҪ㻹ǻȥɡһתͷϵûб̬ɱֻŮһۡ
ͻȻʵҶֶţҲ𣿡


337 ;ܰ


ᣬȻûз֮ʵҵŮˣֻҪҵŮˣҾͲܵ˺һᶨ˵
촽˶ȴһҲû˵ȴ࣬ĻһɱˣֻһĶǲΪ
ʱ𾪵Ⱥʼɧ󲿷˶һԿ֣֪ܿкϷɿˡ
ȻûһȺڵɱһһΧס
ǰһɽӣϴħʦȼĻϵʦħۣһ˴־ָһɱСү
Ҳ³ç֮ˣһ֮ڽǽʿСүɱǾԲһ֮ˡ
һҲֻǺϾشΧסһˣͷǻϵħʦ˸Ϊ塣
ʱüͷһƺʲô˵ĴŴ磬ٿţԼǴѩ׼۵ŮӣѵǰЩ۹޽׵żү⴩ż۵ŮӾ۹̻ʥŮˡ˵ݣ亹ֱð
˵ڲ½еݣһʵѾ㹻ɵˡ˻֪֮Ϊǽȴ֪˵ʵɲ⡣
ǰµ۹߾ӳȪǳƸĸ֣ʵмڳڣǷһ飬Լͬˡ
ӳȪҪԴǹ弯ɢƷóףǹй㷺ߣҲŹŶٵ¼˲ħ˫ޣ˵˴˵еĿռħĥʦ˹սܣǲԶﴫˡ
Ƿ۹Ŷ۹ʥŮǰʵ
¶ˣո쵰ɱģƿҪǱ𣿡һüˡ
ҼүŶܵиӲͷƤ
Ǽүʲôˣһǳһ΢Цȴɭޱȡ
ﲦģ˵ʱµ۹սϵ񻯵˼㣬˵ȥүǰµ۹ӳȪǳĶӣ³ƿĲһˣЩΧ֮Ҳֳƿɡ
˴εүȣ²ӣ¶ʵǡ˰Σȴ˵һпֵ˶۾Ļʱڵģôż仰͸˪˵һˣһʱΧ߶ʼˡ
վסʱһͻȻڿը죬תһ˶ԭء
⻰ȴһκһ˵һҲ⻹ʶȥ˭֪Ҫ¡
һü֮⣬ֻȺſѩ׵Ӱƥѩ׵Ķ˽
ǹʥŮԼ̻ػʿΧ֮˻һ̻ػʿѵһһڹ̻ﲻģ˵ʵǳֲû뵽һȴǼ
һ̧ȥͻȻһȻܰ
Ŀɲǵһ֮뿪ǵĶܰŻʥŮּۣ۲ͬϵۣͨһ֮±ϳݣ鸴һߵɴŮӣбеһ˿ҲԹޡ
ܰ߱һλҫѩ׿׵ػʿػʿòãһͷ϶˿ʣұۼߣӦǴõģΪλػʿұϾʲôûС
һǱˣȻܰı仯ҲеԹޣԴֻпЦŮ֮鱾õģҲΣյģֻһ֮ѡ
ܰþòһЦŴ˸кΣҲԼıãܲŪĿɳɣʱ⹫Ҳý
ܰȴһ˫Ŀ׼˵ʵ˵˱ɱˣô£
㶣˿һΪһϢȽͨˣȻ֪ܰһǱõĹϵҲʵղŵ˵һ顣
Ȼ˵ϷŮˣﲻȻҶû˹ܵ㣬ȻҿҾҪܡܰһ˵
һ˶ܰһۣͻȻֱȥţȻ֪ҪʲôҲ𲽸ȥ
ܰһ²Ҫ˵ʲôзһЩ
ֻ˶û뵽ģһʲôҲû˵ֻǴӶ߲ܰͷҲصˡ
ܰûһĸѾһֻΣذҪռκһŮˡ
ӣסǡܰҧߵػʿ
пӵػʿʹĶܰһ˿뼵ޣӦһתͷλػʿ׷ȥ
ӣҪڸʲô̻ʸǵʹɲǳ˽˵Ĵ֡תϰ׹һʥϢʱȫƽ˫ȴӿ˵ѹ
ʥŮҡӼݣһ£߶ʥŮȻһŶܰģʱҲ֪Ǻá
ǣߡһڣͷĪķꡣ
ӣ׼ߣ̻Ȼȥ˵ܰƮɹµЩŤ
Ȼܰô˵ˣҲԥ˵ʥŮܰϾǹ̻ʲ˹ŮֻƾһϵҲûʲôù˼ɵˣѵһһˣ˭ռԼ˵ķء
ԼıһʥⳤǹΪػʿӳʱ̻״͵ı񼶱
һʥ⶷һĺ󱳣һ˿ء
һĳɷ֣ǰƹһһżϵħߣѹŴ߻򿨼ӡ
Ӹܵѹ֮ȵħԪزӲӣӰһӿԾʥⳤǹâһΧסΧĿǱһ㣬ѹȵ˲ܺ
һа⿨ӵʵǿһеڴʦľ硣û䣬ƺǱŴ˻ûзӦ
ӵȴܵطһ˿֪һʵԲֹˡʱͻȻоΣգǳתʥⳤǹһâסȫ
ӱһɱѹСѪӿôҲ벻ô


338 ƨ


ȻԱħʦ˵ǲܵģһ˵ȴôѣǣѹС򻹲Сһ
ƽԼӿѪתЩȵһ֮ǰһҲȷпᣬû뵽ʵôǿ
һһתܵ۵ףʱ붫ܰȴûж֣ţһһ׷ħѹƵػʿ͸˫վһԣƺһж޹һ㡣
ֻһαͱأһٺЦ
ʵ˵Ļ㻹־ܰɡȵı鵭˵ȫûղųԵһСϡ
һüͷһ壬ĪһﻹصʵûóӣӦò޵ķʸ
ҵҪô־ܣʲô¾ʹһ΢ЦĵȴҴ⡣
Ӷʥⳤǹǹֱָһڴͬʱϰ׹һɲǼ
򣡡һıû뵽Ϳ˾Ȼﵽ˾磬Ϊֻ̻й̻ʲ˹أӹ̻ʵԶֹô򵥣һһɲһ˿ȴһʱ֮ûץסѲ롣
˵Ĳⲻһʥ޷ʩųϵħ붷ҵʵȴһ٣ʵﵽ˽ĳ̶ȣҪȻ㻹ǹԹɡӵЦ
һٺһЦӵʵѴﵽ˽ʥľ磬ʵһĻǿǺֲܿģҲȼѪҺŵӡ
ʵԽǿԽˡϲþЩΪǵĸֵҵǰƨһٺЦùϵħ㹻ˣ㲻ãĲİҲͬ
ǾԿɡӵıʥⳤǹĹâһ²ѽһ
һוּһӿռָͳ޽ϹϵħԪأȻҲھ޽˳ʥ⶷ĽâһöħԪϵĻҲʹʥ⶷ʥ⶷뿨ӵʥ⶷űʵ𣬿ӵĶ֮бʹйԣһĶȴԵģֻ϶ɣʥһĶòġ
һԼٶȹһִ޽ӭϣһʱ䶷ѷѽ⡣
ӵʥ⶷ʮǿһǹâۣһе·һĲҲǵСˮͣɾϮǹâײһشԵ硣
ιλ֣ҿ˰ɣҲ˶ѣ˷ˣ㿴λѾ첻ˡһһһЦ
ȴûһӰݣҲԽԽ
ҿүүģԴҩ𣿡һǰлǹâʵòɣÿһǹâ̺쳣ǿӲֻж侢ȴǳ
ιٲͣҿɾˡһȻСӵĹԴϣҲûа취Ը
ٷϻҧ
һҲٺȥǿľȻüӿӲһƬյشִ趯ʽƮһֹĸȾ
ʱţȻػʿҵѪˣþеһֵʥŮҲԼͬ˹ȥ
ӵĹҪԼȴͽȻﷺʹı޷ͻҪս֮С
һ趯еľ޽ð˸ΧΧ۵ĴȺҲʼ
ţĿתһͻȻţǣеˣϴ⽣н˼
˼˹ʵ
ûģϴھɭֵʱҲʱϵȫˣôûأţ˵գֻмСȴھɭ뱯ľˡ
ʵ˼ˣһӵʥ֮ڣӰȻûôǿˣҲΧ߰
֮ڵĿӿûôùˣһǿ˼ԿӵӰνǳ޴
ӵĹȫֻͣǴһƮӰ鱯ϲӣԶܰ˹̻ΪŮӾһֱĴøУһ󣬿һһɵĳСѼΪ߹죬İҲԽԽǿҡȴ֪ԼĿеĹһֱɸһ㿴Ϊװһ˵ӰֻܽԼĵףĬĬػ˭֪ĵʹء
棬ǰǶܰЦ
ʧأ򲻹ƣһжŴػʿҡҡͷԼеĻҪ˼һ˼޾ûء
ӣôˣܰ˹ҡҡʧĿӣǿȴȻһ
ʲôܰתͷúһ
û£һͺˣ֪ΪʲôΪ̫ˡһ˵
ܰĬȻӶĸγ֪С
һ֣ţ˳ǰȥΧԶֿһ·þηȥܲη𣿹̻ػʿȷ˵ӵػʿɻܣڻججûѡӴ֮һǽˡ
硣ܰػ
һĽŲ˶ǰȥҲûлͷ
ͦģϾã㾹Ȼݵܾ·ϣ¶һ˵
ݲҲúݣȻĻֳֹʲôӡһЦ
ΪʲôôƯͲɫǲġЦ
ôˣȻһΪ㰮ˣҪȻôġһ뽫ܰռ˵뻹ˣ˵ôأ
˭ˣֻΪѡŤͷм
һʼ磬Ц˵ЩûõˣΪɴȥΧӪһ峿ж
һ˿ʼǰԭʼɭƾǷеٶȣֻСʱѵΧŷָǴͬ˲ΧѴ񣬸ԻΪ磬š
쿴ѪɷӶ漣Ӷ˻ˡ֪˭һһӴӿˡ
һ˻ͣڿУֻĳдԼٶس˳Ѫľƣ


339 ڸɡ¡


˺һȫΧ˹ȥ״һЩػȰЩƣ־塣
ֻǣЩҴȻἰ淢飬һ±㳯Сķȥˡ
Щ˵ֻƬУһʼŪһµ״ԭѪɷӶ漣ӶҲǲ½֧㲻AӶţǧྫϧɱ飬ǧȥʮ֮˾ţ˴ξӦԻΪЩҴһ֮ȥʰɣӴ֧֮AӶҪڲ½ˡ
һЩĺˣ˵ѪӶŶǰʮAӶţΪֹ겻֪жˣǻ
ӵӶѾһˣҺһСĽˣ²Ϊ˻Ӧûɡ
һѡһΪƫԶĵطΪӪأһһ𣬶ʱҲѾ
ȼ𣬼𿾼ܣΧһ˭Ҳû˵һ۾ЩԶһЩðߵƺԽԽңԶ
ⶼˣڷʲôͻȻŵζײײһ
һѹⷭתһ档ֽŷ˴
ιôˣǱ𣿡ʵ
һĩŰ񣬲ûֻ᲻˵¡һ˼ӰزǿӣͬҲӰ쵽Լĺʱֻ˼޾
һӣؽͷŤһ߲
ҹɫŨܵϢֻʣϲݴĳӲ֪ƣš
Ϩֻмǻǿҫһ˻ص˸Ե˯˯ڤڤ롣
ʱһĴϣڵĻһһһĿʹŤΣͷؽ¶ȫǺգ䷢ʶ
ԡҡ񡭡Ѫ˼䡭С񷡭һӳݷж϶˵⼸仰ʹ
Ȼһؿðһɫعâ͵Ĺâתţĸ׵Ĵһ㸧οһ
һʹر齥ֻ͡Ȼʱسˤ£Ƥ¼ٵתţȻεʲô
Сһյ˫ĿȻâһţڴϣתͷ˿ܣڴϡ
һ˫ۣԺﻮղεһЩƬ󲿷־Ȼ벻ˡֻĿɫ磬ѿԨƺСϻСԼӰֵӦͷС͸˵Щʲô
һ˦˦صԴԼ½󣬴гһű˿ŵɫӣС;档
ô£һֵΡһ૵һͦ˴ʱճģСӳϴһ¡
һƬףһӰһڿնƬԭʼɭѰźСϪãһҵһˮ̶·Ҳ߶ʮһ˽ȥȦ
ʱѽļҶȻ۹ɱϾôһξ룬۹Ĳ³ǿȵö࣬һһˮ̶ͲԸˣ
ȫغճϴɾһһǱ̶ˮ̶׵ӣ̶һɫĶʯɷƯ̶ǱһȦûзʲôرĶһ׼ȥˡ
ʱεһͻȻӦһƾ񲨶ԥһ£Ǳ̶ס
ǲԽԽǿңһҲԽԽϤӰվˮ̶ʱһȫȷݣȻӡ
ôʲôϴɡһϢаǰζԡʱռıˣʼղһҹɫˣˣǴҰսĺӰ
ȻһҲֻһ룬ѹϴ衣
ˮ̶϶СˮаڶţƺЩʧ
ãһ̾䣬а׹һһʥˮ̶֮ϡվʼ´
ɣİһǸоǽħʩŽ磬ǿ϶ԡˣһ˷ܲѡ
ѩ׼䣬¶޹壬㷢ٰɢ䣬ɢħϢ½΢΢ǰ㣬¹⿴ˮеĵӰСָµЩӰĸо
һˮͷĿٺã͸ԵˮҲֻǿһģɫȶèץһ㡣
¸յС»䣬һɫĨƮȻأһСҲ֮һ
ͨһˮ̶һˮζ
һŴۣҸӰҰڶšܲǵһοµĽһȴһαһθһǹΪΣһƨϣûѪڶ³ʹǣͽ͵һĻŮˡһȴѵþԼȥˮе֮иһô̼
׻²ɲٷŹ˰ɣһֱſˮرǿȼһĺڲˮƮȥʱϵ¶ȶԽˮ̶ˮ˹
ʱ·һɵؽԼĽˮϣ׻ƨɺޱر¶һǰ
һ಻סˣ˴ɫúðգ̫Ϊ˵¶Ӧмأ㻹ﲻĳ̶ȣԺȥǲҪڵشJJ
һȻϣһֻצµСƨһ
ˮбĿһˮзӶ𣬿ˮ̶ʱȴǷƽˮемβСȥ
Сɫ㣬ҳԱĶСĽͨͨˡȻһЦΪζʱ壬̶档
̶һµЦһȥһ͵ϮµСš
ѽôɫ㣬ֻзء¾ýŰ屻ɨһ£С˻ŷתӾҪȥץסɫС㡣
ֻһȻˮһ˫ڵӣȫҪʩŽָϷӡŵʮϵħ
һȻʩų˫˫һ˶ʱ޼رһ
»֮¸εѣҪԱͬھǵһס֮ͻȻܵϤζ
˵Դˮ棬廹ǹһ
һҪɱ㡣һĻѲСϻȵļӲ
𶯡ٶͽȥˡһСֵµĦ¸һСı㻬ȼ䣬Ů˽֮ܵ
µĽһ˫ֽץסһ˫磬һҲٶˣһһԼ֮Ҫ
㡭쵰˵ҵġ½ŵز֪롣
˵ڷˣһȻãΪʲôҪǸŵأһµĶߴ촽ᴥеض
ãµĽסţ˵Ǿܾ˵
ոһ˭˵ֻзܶѵķ𣿡һͳЦ֬ķ۱ϸš
˼Ҳû˵϶ˡºϣȴһĻˡ
һȻҲˣһЦǰ鶯СֵϪĦǸоʵ̫ˬˡ
˫һգסһĲӣһĶһ䡣
һһ֣ʵ벻˵⻰ĻһĵļƷĵŮӣ߰һ飬ǰֱ˴ҩղܣʵмƷ
ͬʱһӪһڤ˫Ȼ鼫졣ֻ崫һĿУ类һֻڸһ㣬˶̲ס΢΢
˵ڸɻˡ˫ҧгݵո˵һ£Ϊʲôǡ֡пɴûйİ


340 


һͦٶȿʼӿ죬ȻĩĽȥȴһصĿС̱һĻڲ䷢͵͵
ҡһ޴ڵ£ֻû˻Ƶģˮ̶ҲܽϨе˿飬Ҫһ
һ£еԵѩΣСһԽԽʪϪȼس鶯
ˣˣ»ɸһһ˳һĽˮ̶еˮ˵Ķ¿ʼӿ
ҪˡͻȻ¼һһͲ۶мɹˬһеͶˡ
е˫һͦظҵţСڿѾʪ͸ˣֱ顣˫ţڤǽвȥˣСֲʪ˫ȼ䣬һصĽأ䷢һ罿
쵰˫һ˿ŷַŭ
ʱһȴȲؽ±ϰµϡ
£Ұɡһһֲʵסѩ׵ļͦ״
һۻסһĲӣ۴ЩҵĴš
ǰϷ㣬һҲ˷ʱ䣬ֿµ˫ȣ˵ķ֮ر㾡ǰ
𿴡ºߵؼн˫ȡ
Уµôҵúúһ£ԣſһЩɳƣָµһᣬʱ
ɣɣ㣬ȫ㡣һſСȴһʵıϺβ
һϣ׼ֱ
ʱµĽ紫һҵĲʥ羹Ȼһˡ
һ½һһ˾͵һڵϵѽ˹
һĨӰƾճ˵ǰȴɷ˫ϸͻ̺ᷢ죬Ҳ伱١
˫һ²˴ʱӣһߵö㵽һĻС
쵰̫Ųȥι˫ŭüӵЩǱһ
һƵ˫һʱ벻˺»˫ֻѼӸʵڲζ
ʱ¾ָ׼ɹɽ˭֪ؼʱ̱ϣȻҲǲˡ
ҼҷðȻҲǷŮˣʲôȨֹǡºʾ˵
˫ƽԼ飬ҧҴûгŮˣΪʲôֹǣĺ÷ȥ
һ㶣ͻȻһƺԼ˫֮ĳصĸӦرŮ˻õʱҲӦУĪǸոա
һıƺˣ˫ѹеŭ֮⣬ԺֻҪڸԽĻôʰ㡣
˫˵꣬һռתʧˣֻ¿Цѵһһͷˮ¡
ô°ʵ
һֻŽ¼򵥵˵һˣǵ취ָ˫ļ䰡ҪȻĻɾͲˣǿüԲţⲻҪ
֮ȴЦһԺÿ˯һɡ
һһۣҪ̫Ǿɡ
峿ԭʼɭ֣ʮ£Ϲ¶飬ˬĳӭ⼾һ֮õʱˡ
һѾ׼ˣһЩʱѾȫװؽSS񷢲˲ٵˣȴȻԴԴϵðǰ˺̣ջʵ̫ˣ󵽿ͦղ
һ룬ӿռָͳ͸ĵͼΧһٴοһ顣
һǾȥδӦ֪ˣо綾йʳ٣֮ⲻ֪ûΣգûΣգƾǵʵɹƬ⡣һ˵
ΣյĻô죿ʵ
Ҳû취Ҿõͼ·ߣ̫ԶˣǼٻģΣնȿҲ͡һ˵
ţǾʹķ򴩹ȥɡû죬˫ҲûţΨһǴӡ
ãǳȴһʲôֲġһǧһ֣˳ȥ
ʱӪΧĸðˣǻ׼ڵȴʱһ׼ȫȵΧ˹
ûУǸеǿ۹żүǸŮǸճ׵۹ʥŮŶٿز¶½̻ǸػʿƨġһСͬ٩ʵҲ˵Ķѡ
ǲİѵȽʥһɵ
Ӱ㿴ĸ˾͸Ҵû汾ǸΪǸһôСӵ
һپʮе˴ëʵ⼸ôҲëˣǿ϶ˣΣݵҲֵġ
ʱһڣұǾʯĸɷĴ֣һֻԼȫÿһϸ˷ܵڲ
׼ˣһȥһѹסͳĬضһۣԽ񾭱Ƿ񾳽˫Ҳ˿⡣
һͺһ뻮һس
һֻǰһһϢʱֻȻʣûе׵磬ֻϢѹȸ̱ǵսζ
Ǹͨأȴصڵĺ塣һҲʬĶѻֱߣ쵽ͷѰ·뷨˶Թ
ôû׵磿ѵȽϺáɻĽ鶼ĵĺ͸ˡ
׵ǲʱģǸϽȥʱעһ˵
ʩϣһ˿ʼǰ񱼡ƷȽϺõ⣬ֱͨҲû׵罵һͨǻɫӿǵصдŻһе


341 ׵ϴ


߿裬ܼĳ̶զ࣬ǵϱѱɽ̼ʬ屻һǱңʬ϶ŻٹþҪһѷɻˡ
һĿ磬鲻ֵ֮ȫһֳ嶯Ҫǻص֮С
һȻ˦˦ͷԼһ£ȻԼ磬Ƭصȴһ㣬˭֪Լ嵽ܲܳأ
һ㵽ҪҪƬ˫һЩ㶵ͨǱߵ緢ʵ
ȻҪһʸת׼ͨһȥ
ɾʱһĵѪɫȴ𶯣һʶһ̽Ŀ޽Ҫ
һһСĿޱǰƵ̫ˣԵʮ˷ܣǵһһ὿֮ͨ񱩵磬ͻȻһ˳ȥСɲǼþ޴
ޣ˫һЩ
ʱ޳׵֮Уɫëţͷ˸âһһ类컨Ƶ޵ڡ
޵ŵȴһܵı飬Щ֮еĵϵħԪء
ħ𣿡𾪵һɲǲʶˣSSħǿֻڴ˵гֵĶΪֹû˵˭ӵйֲֿħ衣
һЦŵͷ۾ȴһֱû뿪׵еĿޡȻһһ󲨶ʶں
һЩԥȥȥ޽ȥһԭģԼħ裬ܻẦġ뵽һ˾תһҹȥһ
ȼ˻ػһһܼ׵֮С
һո̤ͨ;ԼһǿҵУѻΪɻɢ䣬¶˴ŵ绨ľ׳
ͨڵ˽һ²ҪеĽȥǽŲոǰһӲס壬֪һˣôһĵڳ·˲û飬ΪŮӦġ
һһһͷ룬ĳʳ챬ը״ëҲ⡣
һһ£ĿЩŤˡо粢ͬ磬ǿȲ֪Ҫ϶٣ҵϵħԪؼ䴿
ϵħԪһÿϸεţڷҵײһʶɫ׵ϵħա
һͣһ£һһ㣬ʵûа취ҴܵĵϵħԪظձգµˡ
òףһ˿޵ߣһһ׵ϴ
Ȼ˵ˣ׵ϵʹлǷǳʹġ
һһӣʵЩܲˣرǿСֵܣﱾ֮ĸожˡ
һʶüĵʶУܼĵϵħԪسɫħ˷ɱȥȻֲһֵĸоǾЩħԪġ
뵱ոմԽ½ʱйƵĸо֮ȴҲûн˵һ¡
˵ֵǣвҪƤˣϹͷ¾ҪɢˡһҲ֪ʲô񾭣ʶЩϵħԪذ̾
Ȼ䣬ɫħ£һоһеĸо˴˹ƺЩϵħԪظĻӦͬʱһϵɲǼ࣬ģȻҲоκβˡ
⣬ô£ô۾ɫֻŶò԰ףȻƬصȻʼУһһųһ㼸е綼ǵϡ
ͬʱһϵӰһ׳۰һܷԲʮҲκζֻɫ緢ǿҹԼضɽҡƣطȴһƬ
ֻ񼣰ľֻάӣɫձѻָƽҲûһ罵ˡ
޶˶壬쳤ХһѳɲǼǴһϾȻ˳һȦĽ⣬ȻĿŵһһС
޵Ϣ˫ɫ˱䣬Ȼӿ޵ϸо޵ϢĿSSħޣҲSSSħչħޣôҲܱ޵ģոȴϲ޵Ϣôܲȡ
ʱڴͻȻһ󲨶һӰȻ֣ǿмǾ޴Ŀޣͨͨһɷ˵ħӿ
Щħڿ޵Ͼ͸һ㣬ӿ˿»ڱĿյϵħԪصһͻȻһǼϵһϵ俪ʼոսð塣
ǿһ˲ٵˮͰֵ罫˻˻ҷɣӿһ˻ȥ޿ɲ㽲ʲôµģֻ֪Щ˹вһһİȫвΨһİ취Щͨͨˡ
ô£ô£֮⣬滹һǧ˵Ž룬ȴָոսȥʮ˻ɷ׷ʵ
ðпֲػǰȥֵܰųȫ޷ĳʣˣҿֵܰһ꽣ʦʹĿ
ܰɣƬ׵ʲôػ˻ѪɷӶԼ漣ӶŶûطΪֹֺֹƣû˵ڴػ
ҶԹģһѻȫҲú꽣ʦĵ˻Ҳ׷֤ġ
ʱе˶ǵĸųԭǾųͷȷ棬ųϺųˣȻɸų˵ˡ
⸱ųһߵһĸһһŽȥȥ֮˻ٸһ㱨һ
ĸӦһһһżǿĽ˽ȥԶֱͣӺƽըˡ
ųۼĸû˻ѾˣҪ֪ǿĽ׵ôҲ֧һġ
ǣ׵ػһ糤˳һѸٴˣ׼ð嶼˺취
ֱһ֮˲аشȥ˿ֲûνػǸտʼɢϢ˳˹󣬵ȻǺˡ
һȫĵڵĵϵħԪأħԪؿ֮󣬱㳢ԵʶǹͨʶħҲԽԽ
СӣǿˣȻеҲ̫⡣ʱһֺڹһһĺӰ˳૵˲ûһڡ


342 


˲ãһĵȫʧˣļȻɢһӨӨɫâ˫Ŀâһ˫һתţ漴ָԭĺɫ
ң񽵣Ѫ˼䣬Ʋ񷡣һ仰ƺʱС˵ĻһЩҵƬΣԭòˣû뵽챻һǵıλ
СԤ𣿵Ԥʾʲôأһüͷڼ֮СԤͷƻֻһЩдƬΡ
Ȼǳ⣬񽵻ָľںһȫͷˡ
Ȼ벻ͨͲˣһһըͷվ޼һСһֻСĿɰӡ
һתһ˸Сգ˫Ѹתӣţɴ۾һ塣
һȻһŷԼǹƨɣͷһ˶ֵܴڿ䣬ëǳ͵һ㡣
үүģˡһһ죬ӿռָҵһ´ϣСˮ򽫳ͷŪƽһصͨ
ǹɡһƤ񣬴ʱҲЩΣղģʵܵˡ
˫תӣһ·ʼһʱЩء
˿ʼͨһˣ˸ղŵ顣һһʱҲ˵һɷܹȥɵûʡ
˺ӵǰ֮һʩųһ͸ĽסˣⱻĶ
ܿ쵽ͨڣǰľ˽𾪵˵ֱ̫׳ۣ̫ˡһƬޱ޼ʵĻɫ̺죬΢Ϯ˰ҡڣϿϴ޻һƵ׺ϣһȻ
Ư˫Լͬط̾ŮӶĶȱ
ˣ̾ˣֲǲ֪ĿֲԽĶԽΣաһ˵
°һһۣһ˫أָ𣿡
һ˳ǣٺЦѵΪԼ
˼˵ҲˡµС͵͵һ⡣
Ҫȳȥ֮ȣĿ࣬ǵþȥ˫һ˿
˻ԣһҲһϲɵţһס£˫ͬʱϿա
ףڻͷж󰡡ٷһӣ¾һ˵һ˫ַ˵ٶȣȻǿͷ
ͣ£Щ̫Ծһͳƺ޾ոջ̾⻨׳ۣʱȥĿһģһľɫͷˡ
⣬Ҿƺת˫˵
һüͷЦҲôΪģûô򵥡
˫ŪһǺţǽǰɡһתͷޱ˫˵
˫һ˼ᣬһ̧ɢŴ̹Ǻ˻룬Ȼһ˽ǰӶȥ
ͣ°ɣǸԭشתӺһŲԶЦ
ǲǺţǲǾͿ֪ĸأǾӱ֮ˣһӱ뵽취
һһԡ˫৵һȡһķȣпʼˮϵħԪؿʼֻۣһͻȻȻֹۼˮϵħԪһ±ɢˡ
ôˣʵ
˫ƽ״γص飬ҡͷ֪ΪʲôħԪؾۼһĳ̶ȱͻȻжˡ
һҲһ£ȷħԪصľۼʩһħεˣʵô죿
һ¿˿һȻ󷨲ǺܾͨԣȷûŵĴڣҪҵ·뽵֮У޿ɱҪĩ֪Σա
°ɣûг·Բֻô򵥵ġһ˵
¿ʼСؽ䣬ţһһյأ˱վСյϡ
ϴ󣬲ǽЩȫˣͿԳȥ𣿡ţ
һҡҡͷұۣһǧǰȥ֮ݲһֱֱС
ˣֻǰһСʧԭվŵСյҲָԭһ޼ʵĻ
⡭ô£ţګګʵǲס
ʱһϤµ˵Ķֻӻż̵ĺɫ٣Ѹײڶ֮ٳ˾˹ֻһ磬ǿȲߣȻһӱˡ
һţЩĻ٣ǽԭʣĿһȫɢǴжĻҪġ
ͨͨסжһеͬʱþγһ絲סЩٵĹ
ţ̱ס˺ֻƾһܹסأ
ţħķԶһһħķֻҪ붨ˣһͿԳһʱ䡣
ţһĻƴӣķ
ǹ룬һܱôðûһȫˡ
һ״§£һ˹ȥʼ£һ˫ҲӦò˰ɣ˳ֽ§ֵȥ
ĴӣŴĸоһһ֣˫ʼҧزһ롣
˫Ѵ﷨񾳽磬зȥֻǱһôһǣһڵʱĵøɸɾ㷨ҲͽκΡ
ıܣ˫ɿأһ촽ɹȴݺݵһԽԽĩˣһ˫뿪ʱݺ촽ҧһڡ
˿˿Ѫһ´ӡ˫߷ߵĿݺݵһһ覹˼쳣ΣһסһҲ֧Ų˶á
ӦôأһĴԸתԽΣͷԽ侲ֻ侲Ѹİ취
ɾʱͻĸɫͻȻӵ˳ɫˡ


343 


һĿһϵȻϮԼǸɫը÷飬һţߵĻڣ˫ȴٸˡ
ʧ߰һЩôû뵽ΣջԽء
ʱЩˣһ޷ֻٴһ˹ȥȴڰп࣬ٹһԼѱˡ
ʱڵϵţͻȻһżţɫţϾȻ˰ɫ
һ󾪣ţȻʼˣƺ˶һҲ˲ô࣬һţĺ󱳣һסţ
ϴ󣬰ţ첻ܺˡţ˫ۣԼĲϣڴڵɫȴԽԽʹࡣ
һˣ߶Ҫ侲ţӽô侲ദѽ⺩ҳϵ˵˱ֵܻҪ׵ˡ
˫һһɫ΢΢˱䡣˼һӿռָͳžӨ͸ӣðŵĺɢɫʣһźԼĿУ˹ȥ
һһѹ⣬һš㺬ɣɱû˵ϵĺʮأѹƲסĻȻڶȴ޷ж˫еӵ˹ȥ˵
һһֵĿ˫һۣ˵ţĴ죬һ⡣ţһ飬ʹıȴɽһֱµദһ˿ů⣬طȻøƵġ
һпЦ֪˫Ϊʲô㽫ⶫóˣⶫнⶾĹЧȴһܳܣֻԼȴ£϶һܲϵĺ
ÿ㺬ɣƾʵӦֵܵס⺮ģ㡭㻹ϰ취ɡ˫䵭һĨյĺΣȻոһ˹
һֱӽʱţһһһ˿˿ΪĺһĿǻȫ̱ʱҲţһ㶯ˡ
һһƢĻ㣬ɺһʮõ顣һˣֻǿֿﲻסˡ
ûа취һֻýһںůٶɸС£ᵽʹŵζ
˫ʲôһһߴܹĺɫһʵ
µƤƳɵģɽٶֻһò˶ѡ˫˵Ȼı˫֪ΪΣƺȴû˿ơ
ϣһüǵõ˫ڱԭʱǱֻССıϸ˱񣬺ɱŮ˸ˣȻȴ֪굽ȥˣѵֱ׽סˣ
һʳʱ˫ֻǵϲʳ֮ħڵǱģѹʱҵԱߣʦ˵һʼҵڡ
һȻһŤȻˣƭԼ˵ûϣ˵ʲôȴ˫ϵ䣬ȫǷƨǵԭƱɣ˫Լֿ겻˵Լһɶ˵Լ߾ͲĽˡ
˰ˣԺ˵֮취ǡ
һʱ廨Ӳţ˵ûбİ취ɱ߰ɣҿûг·
ЩɫʵѶԸֻٶȺܿ죬û治͵Ϯһľ޽»Ǹһ㵹ȥȻѸٿήʧ
°һǹʦֻʩħĹСĿһɻҪϲѹǳ
תãûҵ·һһŶݼ׵֪ʶţȴǺͷ
ţ˫ͻȻͣ
ôˣһʵ
ȥҲǰ취ٵƬɡ˫кһ֣һСĴָС͸ϳġ
ϣԼħ裿һЩ졣
ȻʩŲ䣬ԡ˫˵
ѵʩŽͲħԪأһֵʵ
һ㾳ﵽSħ޶ԼıħĿҲͬԡ˫˵
޷һеıշ˳ȥɵһľ磬͸ɰȻһ㿪ʼʹ
һϿһһϵĽţɺëֱ⻹ǲ𣿼ֱһҪӴ
ĴԴϵĺɽ緢һ˷ȥգۼ䣬ѩ׵ĺ㸲ܼκεط
úɢһµɴ۾ƬһƬӨĿѩף̹ǣ߳˫ķΧȫѪҺ̶
ʱֻһȻݣȴбסĻȫΪ˱ۣȻһ綼˼Ƶġ
ɹˣһͷһۣ˵ûʼݣͻ
ֻһʻӱдֻϢʱ䣬ѵȻ޴棬ȡ֮һƬޱ޼ʵĻ
ʲô󷨣ò˻ˣһаһȻ֪ⲻһ򵥵Ŀ󷨣Ҳ벻ô̬һȥƲˡ
һһᣬѪɫĿޣСϻлͨͨ˳Ƿ񹥻㻹һǣûнʥڰħԼ֮ͳ֣ǲ˫ֶֻεСĽ
޻룡˫˵еС˵Ͼɪɪ״ܻ벢߱޵ȻЩħΪ֮
СϻȻ˫ħʵȴʵޣڻڸµԵòôۡ
˫㶵ؿһӣԳԼ˵ӣֻ֪ӵ޵Ϊֻѵǻ񣿲ܵģʥǵ֮йˮⰵߴ񣬻ĵŮ״
һʱһܻı飬ûע˫
һδαݻ٣һδλָԭһ̾һЩɥˣҪֹͣǽıħĹ˿ûôײ
ɾʱһոջȻһ˷ܼһ
˫˫һ˷ܵתͷö˫ĸ
˫ѹָƽʵ㷢ʲô𣿡
ۣҷˣҷʱҵߡһٺЦ
˫Ӧһ˿Ҳһͷˮ£֪ʲô۰Կ϶ǣһһҵ·ˡ


344 ڤ


һÿ޷佫Ƭٴδݻ١
ߡһͺһţ§һ㳯Ͻȥ˫׼һӰ׷ȥ
ʻһδսðʱһ˽һƬС
˫üһϣһͣΪƬط޲ͬ
һʼ磬ȶһ£Ȼţ˿ЩЦվ𶯣
һ۾գҲգţܵľɫӡԺ֮Уһӥһ𣬽ýڿкȻһƬƬӰе㴫˵зζ
죬ֻų״ɫСӻз˫˾ȵ鷢ˣֻǰһƬѸٻΪӰûһʧӰ٣յϵһ޴Ļͼ
һڿзܼԭأϸƬյϵĻͼµûˣֻҪۣҲ㲻ˡ
ô£˫̲סʵ
һٺһЦո޴ݻٵʱоط쳣йâָ²۵ڡ֮ÿ޽ٴݻһΣһΪȷ۵ķһǻʧҲʱʧЧɵһԭתȦˡ
Ȼһⷬ˵˫ǲ˵Ҳڶţ١
ӦôأһŵϵĻͼ˼£˼ħȴ޷Ӧ
㿴ǲЩ̫Ծ˫۲˰Σָ⻨ͼĻ˵
һ˳˫ָ˹ȥʱʲô˼֮ͻȻ⻨һڶһ㴫һͷĿѣϽ˦˦Դƿߡ
£飬ǹȥһһֱס˵֪Ѿͷ޼ŪٺöǽŪ˼ʮӡħķΡ
µͷżǿĽ飬Χʱ͸ǿ
һ˹ȥûһЩĻﴦڼ䵹ûʲô鷢
һוּһ޽ţŮס˼˫ִȴ£ڵİתȫۼ޽֮ϣǿΪ˫Щ
ơһһһգǿľ޽׼ϵĻݺݴ
һ޽ֱûϵһѸ´ݻκζ
˫ûʲôӦʱͻȻ죬ҵزһ޽Ļĵת
һʶؾò˫룬ȴˡ޴ĻͼȻһ˲˹ϸϸķۺɫ˿ٴӻ괦˦˹Ȼһн绤壬һʱȴá
ʱӹ鷢ˣľ޻Ļ꾹Ȼһ˲俪ʼ£գ۽˸档
ʳ˻һϴβǣֱһ仨ȥǵùֻϴ˼ɰ㣬ڻ᲻أһֵYY
˫һĮ´ץסһĴ֣һߵĻҲ˫һ侲ߣʶҪҲŮ˵ͨɡ
ۺɫ˿ٲڽΧʱЩ˿پȻʼҺ壬̵ؿٸʴŽ磬ûһǿʩųĽ羹ȻҪ֧Ųסˡ
ֽŽ飬ͬʱ˳һ䣬ǿֿﲻסˡ
һҪ¶ʱ˫ȴǴ³ǿŴź裬öˣûж
ԣһ³һڳȻһӡ
£ôһٺЦʡ
һͣһ۵Į˫Ầҵġ
˫ĵĮ˫һ˿ܿû
ǰǱӦǺýõġһٺЦ
°һһۣ֪˫һеĵλЩζҲˡ
Ǻýãûаϵ˫һ
Щ飬϶ûõģǹԹʵɡһν˫ŮˣԶǡ
ȱˣôȥɡ¼˫иˣҲʼæԲ
һʼ磬ţеóȻѪͨ磬ûһţ¿ʼ˹
ϴģţʵ
ڻĶһЦ
ĶţȻת䣬һʱԭء
⻹ûʱ䣬ЯĽȥ˴룬һףʱϵԽöǾԽ
룬һ޻˳ʥգ˿ٷ׷׻Ϊҽ䣬ܿµ˿ٳ˳£Ļˣ»ٶȳ죬һôҲɱǣҲ
޻룿˫֪ʲôʱ򿿽ʵ
šһĲɵӦһͷ·תĻһֻ޴۾һעǡ
޻ǻħ裬ô˫ǲš
֪ŮİɣҵŮˣԾͽ͸ˡһ˵
˫ҧҧһˡ
Сӣ㹻֣˵ŮˡʱһʶͻȻһĨĺӰصĴ̶Ц
ϲģôųôĹطһþΥĺӰЩϲʵ
֪Լ취ɣһжÿԼڤԸˣԺʵҲдӰЦ
ڤһԭ⻨оڤһԺһ˿⣬ϲĺӰȻڿԼ͸¶һϢԼ
ȻΪڤӦǺڰϵģȻ⻨оһڰϢڵĺӰǺڰϵϹ˵Ŀ϶ûдֻùϵħ֮࿹ˡ
СӣӦͦϣͨ˴οɣҪȻӰһʶ̾һϢʧˡ


345 


㷢ʲô㶰Ǹô죿һʵ
ô죿ȻˡһٺЦ
µݺһһ£΢
һЦС֣ʾ԰꣬ûŹһĻϣеĹƺһ㣬
Ƕ籨ˡ
һԥһ£ʩħ߼ĹⱩʩŲ˵ʥʥ־żʮħˣԾڤ첻ʵԵ˺
ôһǰֻ·һǱڤɵǽùʥϵ
Ȼ뱻ɻʣôֻóʥˣԼˣ¸
һٻСϻС˹ʥİʵԳʼϷ
СһСʱ˷һһһ׵Ĺâ
ʥ񣬳һͺһʥԲεɫƼͣڰ֮Уɢ͵Ĺԡ
ڤƺоΣգﴦâ֣ǲľ޴󻨰꾹Ȼʼ䶯ǷۺɫĸʴҺ¡
ڼСɽ֧Ųס
£еĽſ˫㻹ʲôзʹһҪȹסһЩŵ
һʥ𾪵˫»عʱô࣬һķԸס硣
һһʥ֮һ׹ûСɫ֮ڡ
СһĺУţһƨȥ
ɫʥСʱСҲֳ޵Ϣ
Сһ
Сͷһž޴ĹڤĻ
֨һڤĥ̶ļ忪ʼǻ˴̼سѹ
ЧȻ˵ˣСʤ׷ʥһһĳŻﴦȥ
ڤĶԽԽǿңһԽԽ˷ܣŪ͵˰ɡ
һ뷨õģʵȴôʵڤǽƻһĻһϣͨĻڣʥ⹥ֳһƵֱѪ
Σһ㱻ѹ飬˫ֻϷӡеķ磬ˣĿռ仹ԽԽС
ʱ޴ĻͻȻ󶴣һ̿ʼ䡣
һ˴󼱣ѵǶܿ죬ǱһڰеĹʥͻȻ貵ɫʥ⣬ʥʧӰ١
ɾʱǱպϵĻ˿ĵâ˵ľپһͣ߾ȻʼصʱʥԿ˳Ķ̣ʥ֮Сϻϳ˻ȥСִԭΡ
ģʲô磬ȻսһЦǿľԿڤľ񹥻
֮ѵľȻǴͷԵţܵӰ쾹ȻģЩ㱣ʶʮѡ
ȴһԼ˫ǿĹɴ˿ľ񹥻ǷеģԽǿܵչȻҲԽˡ
ţۼһ˶Կô࣬Ļ̵סִþ㳯·Ļȥһһ£һâ˹ȥƺûʲôЧ
ţȴǲܲˣԺֻһϴʹ
ţԽԽȫûвþڷ仯̵Ĺâ࣬ϢİҲֱ
ȥţһһŵµĻɨȥǱѾ޴þȻӵ𹿹һǴ
һ죬ڤ֨һȻţһɰ˵ˣâ˲١
һپ࣬ͷԼת
ʥ˳ǣţ֮סڣʲôأ
һţǰһ৵һ´ѪɫٻĩõɷܣԼʵɷܶԼ˵޶ôˣֻ̬ˡ
Լָʹ£ɷ޷˵س˹ȥԼ彫ð̵Ķڶ
ʥĹʼرСϻϡ
ɷܵʼʴͷ⾹ȻڳҺ塣
һǳ鴤һ£ɷܶڵԼ˵ֻǼߣǱϾǵһƳģҸԼüˡ
ȥɡһЦЦһɷѸپۼļԱ
ڤ֨֨еâٿȻ˻ȥһȴ˲õСˣֱӷӨתĹʥ񣬸еĹħԪأݺݵسżպϵĻﰴȥһĿİ׹һš
֨֨ڤĲҽУһâӻһ˳ȥڤĻȫ򿪣Ѹٿήл
ͨͨڣＷһǧ˵ð塣
ųΪʲôҪ˵ûͨһˮϵħʦħ۵ɻ߰˳ߵľ޺
ͨͨݱų²⣬ǽݾ·϶ҪϺԶ;Σֱ̫࣬Ӵﴩ޺һʦͦ۾ȴ¶μľ
ǡ
ÿˣ޷Ƕʳ٣׼㣬ʲô޺ħʦ˵۾ǿţǿǲ½AӶһ콾ӶţǾӢŴƬ
ռƻȷӶ˶űܷ̽·߷ֳɶϡ
ȷӽ̤˰ףն͵Ϯʳ˻٣Ȼ󷢳źú˸ϡ
ôų˵ûɣɵ콾Ӷˡ޺Ц
޺ո̤һֻ׼ϣͼԶĻһǿҵɫٱ䣬ԭ̺ĻͻȻʧһȷ˱ǣȻ˲˺ɫɲǼɵȷ޺ֻоһ޺ؽʱϥ±ɭɭ׹ǡ


346 ⰵ


ͻȻı仯һƬȻ²⵽ͨĸı䡣
ϾǻȴˮǲܸκζĺɫˮһëһƬҶӶ
һ仯еðѡĳ·һһӶĽ룬汻Ƿ·֪ͨЩ·ΣָҲǿֲˣ˵˶Ҫ۹սˡ
һ֪ɽȣպڳѹ˴űеĴȼܴ
ħޣǵصħޣͽ׵ĶBϽףAϽ׵ħޣSԵĳħޡ
ЩֲħްΧڰ׷Ӫ׵һһǧˣй룬ʿʿڵһҲڤ룬ڰʿԼڰʿ
ʶ˶ᾪڰ̻̻˾ȻҲദƺͦѺá
ڶѤħըɷ׳ۡ
һĨӰȻվڹӪ룬Ž߼ۣͷɫʥⷨȻӶŷһʥյʮħһƬħħɱ
һĨĺӰüķɳһаľ޴תŽһֻֻħɸʬ
ͬʱ֡ͷ΢бسԷȥĬ΢΢˵ͷֿʼħ޷
ģɣԱһɫͷʵ
ţ˿̣û뵽ܺսЦЦ޴ĺüġ
Ǳǽ𣿡ЦһһܹϳǷٰ硣
˵ܹڰ̻̻ƽദһû˻ţͷȴƫƫϵĬ޼䡣
ϣǲòϡӪɳ֮ľ϶ĿġȴɽҰֲħ޵ΣյشΪҲΪĿ꣬˫òʱƽദͬħ޵Ĺ
˵Ҳˣ֪ڴȥˣ૵ȴʩųһڰɡ
𣿡ĵЦʡ
ȻˣѾͷͷһôãȴȴûжأЩ졣ȴǴ󵨵˵˳
ԭ˼ˣ֪Ӧ÷谮һߵġЦ
һۣˡ˵ˣɲˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãħ޴Ľɱˣڰ̻̻˵д׷ͣϢ
˿̶һվڷУִī̵عȣɫɴƮȥʱ顣
˿̽㣬ôһվﰡһӺ洫
˿̶µüͷȴ΢΢һ塣֪Ƕ֪ܰһıãҲ֪һЩһ֮䷢飬ܵģų⡣
ûʲô˿תͷܰԼظƨ濨ӡ
ܰع񣬶ԹʿӵӣԶһ㣬Һ˿̽ŮҵվԱ߸ʲô
̻ʷԸҴ粽ر㡣˵û˿Ҫ߿˼
粽룿˯ǲҲҪ粽أᣬ㲻ҾҲˡܰв
ֻת뿪Ǵһ˿ɬЦݡ
ڡ𣿡ܰװʵ
˿̿˶ܰһۣͻȻͬΪʥŮŮЩ£һôǿռҲ֪ԼһĹϵȴܹһ޺СŮһ㣬ȵؽС
ΪʲôشңǲǾҺܿ£α֪Ĺϵȴ㡣ܰЩį˵
ȷʵ˿̵ͷ
ʵҲģĽ㵱Լؽ㣬ҿƲԼÿ뵽粻һˣҵľ˻˺Ƭһ㣬ʹ˷ġܰҧ´һʹı顣
˿ŶܰЩˣ̾һǸջж٣ֻҪҸԸһУܰĲаռС
ʲôҰҪռΪȥշܰսȭͷЩ
Ϊռʹ࣬ߵʹ࣬İ𣿡˿̵˵
Ҳ֪Ĳ֪ܰҡͷãȻʹࡣ


347 ĩ֪


һֺխϸϿȣֻ˲еĿȣǺںڵұڣֱƶˣ״һ̬
˫Щص˫ʶЩ㱣ֻѹһʯһ㣬ѡ
ʲôˣ˫ҪƶһͷȴܶͷŶ
ڤ˫ʲô飬ʱһʥڤĻ֮Уֻһâ죬ڤѸٿήŵȴͻȻѿһ޷죬һɾ޴˽ȥԼʧȥʶ
ģ˫ʶԽԽѣ֪Ҳʼָ
һ˿˿˫ĶʣоС
һ㡭˫˻ƣڸоѹһˣһˣϤζֱݡ
ϵһȴûһ㷴ӦȻһѹϣƺѾ˹ȥ
˫л˺ü䣬ոջһָûˣһûзӦҲֻա
Ȼ˫Ľһ֪ĻعԼ鴦һֻצӣû˵ֻצ϶һɣŭѣԼڶãǶֻצɡ
ˣˣ˫оԼڵĿռصЩܿƵ
Ҳ֪˶ã˫ѹŵһ˶һϲΪһѹˣ߷ߵ鷢ˣһ︲צӾȻһһʥַ֮
һ㡭쵰˫ţĸо鴫ȫֱɫǸҧ
һռ˼ҹıȴǻȻĩצ𾢣˿֪˫ɱ֮ķŭ
˫ҧ´һɫƺûףһΣһʮĴΡ˫ҧгݣȴΪֻһռˡ
һɫߣҡҡ˫һоȼŮͻȻһӲһûһµسﶥ
߷߽ӵĳ֮У˫оͷ΢΢ԶˣѲͷſӣС졭
ʶͦһͻȻʹһһ˹ʶʹҶġ
˫ɿڰ챻ҧˡһʶǻָĿ죬ѹŵ˫ǵζ֪ҧıˣֻȴΪʲô
˫ͻûָҧһûˣȫ˵һֻҶҪҧһˡ
һ𣬳ϢЩȣûеʲô󰭡
һһʩų˫԰׵ɫдһĨΣЩٲӨӨоȻЩ졣һһ˫䵭ĮԸ֪ģ˼ίǲֱġ
һ˸䣬ָһӡЦĪԼί
һ˫ϢЩңɱ˰
ÿ֣Ҫҡ˫Щ˻ƣһһƬȻǶһʶ鹢ڻ
һӣ˫ұϿãͻȻһ»ţأл룬޻С
һþ̽̽ѪɫãֻȰõشһ𲻼»ţż
һһ˫ǰһƣ뻹Щģ㽫룬޻Сٻػһʧ˺ڰ֮С
һխҵϿѰţټ֪˫ΪʲôطʱڤǰһˣʱʧȥʶȻ˫ţ϶Ҳ⸽
Ѱûãһ׿ⷢ˻ԵţһɣûʧɢͺãҪȻɾ鷳ˡ
˿ٻصԭأһ˫£ڤָԼħ
һţ£˹
һ۾ĿһеĿ᳦ٽػһ䡣
оôû°ɡһɷһĨů΢Ц
ǻʹ᲻һ˿ü˵
ϴﰡţȴһȻЩή٣˫ȴǺöˡ
֪ûʲôɡһĵʵ
ţ˦˦ִĸ첲ؼƨеʹɶ¶ûС
һٺЦЦţһϢȥ˫Ƶµıģָ
ʵһЩ벻ףΪʲôţʲô¶ûУŮȴǳ˴⡣ΪħʦʱȽϴ𣿿»˵Ϊ˫ôҲôأտʼʱˡ
»ָһڤˣһȴʼ̽Ļ
ڳϿǳԼ֮ܲĴڣҳƺͷ
һ̧ͷŸ߿͸һ˿Ĺߣŵһ㣬ӥһڿն𣬻ΪһӰϳȥ
ģ⵽ʲôطһŽ䣬ɵöߣĿƺôԶ֪ˡ
ȻѾԤϵΣѣᵽ֮һЩԾӦ˼ȿ»ӼѣһֱֻԽԽΣգԽԽףҪȻҲڶðﵹ¡
һϯضС˹ĽҡβһС⻬Ƥëüͷ˼
Ȼ˳طһȱСͻȻվ񾭽һһ׵ֻ۾²쿴תֶ˶Ӽ
һȴһ裬Сղоʲô֮ûʲôſһȴСһٶиоΣգطĿԽ˱Ʒ裬ʯͷʯͷûһļСôܻͻȻִأ
һ˫Ŀ΢أʹɮ붨һ㣬ľȴǰĩеĽţ״һ̽ܵĶ
ƺ޶ţڲǸþڻڵһǱ࿪һ֣þһѪĸо
ʱƮڰƺ紵˸һ£һŵĿȻţ̺ʮһָڶ˫ȥ


348 


Хָ˫޼䷢˿һĺɫʯϡʱһܺɫҺˮ˳ڤ˫ͷͬʱ˫ĺɫʯаһĨĺӰڿƮɢ
ϴʲôţյһߣ䱸سþʵ
һҡҡͷָһ˿ɫҺ壬ڱǼһţһɵѪζ
ǿҵڤ˫ѹ˫ԼͷֺɫҺ壬ñ΢پ¡
һ˫վЩŭһ
ҵ£ոҲжʯ֮Ľӽ㣬͸ǶһָϵЩѪҺɡһٺٸЦ˵
ʱ˫ڤħָ˺ܶ࣬ʩһ͸Ľ磬½մѪﻻ˳ϴ㷢ϵա
˫װһصؽոշ˵һ飬Ҳȵθǽˡ
ָһôҲ߲ȥɡ¿˿ЩĵҲ֪ǲãܾطʮֹ졣
ӦòģǸоûСеĿģ߱г·˫֪һµ˵
Ѱһ߰ɣһг·ءһؿ˿˫˵
޳ȵһ˴ʱȻϷǵڵĹ߽ţһ±̹ǣͻȻ˺ХĴ硣
ŨصһаԸȫ䱸
˱űֻ޴ͷ󣬻سǰƶ
ͻȻ֮䣬ֻë˹̬һֻ˷ĹƫƫȴûаӰ
˫бȡӣѸ߳ɬһѩʩ˳ֻߵĺѸٸһı㣬һֱ֮
һ󵭵̴ӱð𣬱գۼڵӰ٣Ĺ޼ɵ
ùЩǽȥǵġһü˵
ֻһո˵꣬ߵţͻȻر˹ȥţӦ졣þųȥֻ͵һɫҺһĨغӰʼɢţҲֹͣˡ
𣿡ʵܸܵŨصƺ̫һϵ
ǣܲǣûвЩħƺûʲôЧһЧⷽ˵ƺ̫飬һߵġһЦ
Щû壬ôأ˫ɻҲоոһѩصʮħƺһЧûС
һʼ磬ҲŪô¡
Ȼ֪Щĩ֪ԣһҲıӦԵķ֮оֻ߱ţԺɫұڣŮм䱣
һ·ϣһҲ֪ɱ˶ĩ֪ȴƺɱ֮ԽԽơ
ЩĹֲǰҲһһ˾ǣЩĩ֪ﾹȻӽĴڣ۶ôǿĽ磬ֵͬԲѴ֮ش͸
£þԣûЧһµȻЩĩ֪ﲻħںڰϵĻʥӦûЧġ
µ˵ͷȸ߾٣һ͵ذ׹ն𣬵Գ˷䣬һϣӨתʥޱȡ
һС࣬ŨصҲȥЩĩȷںڰһϵֻǵµľҲҸȼ
ʱһһϮԱߵĺҡһҪѣͻȻһұȥһĴַ㴩ҵУüĵľʱ˳ŴӿסһһĺӰһʯﳶ˳ھҵţۼĩͻȻһţȻҿΪһƺӰţʯ֮ȴһۼû¡
֪ʲôˣһٺЦ
ʲôͬʵ
һЦЦͻȻðĺѸ˫ڿһһĿռѷˣ׵ĳªʬվһǰʬ
ģʬһ֣ʱʧӰ٣ֹһ㡣
ٻ򡭡µɫЩ԰ףʵʱھڤĶʱ㿴һͷ嵲סðŶ̵ĶڣʱеЩԣֻһֱŰˡ
˫ֵֻؿһһۣûʲô飬ţ֪һڰϵȻ¶ȵ顣
һóֿĿ£˵ûҵȷħΪΪʮ𣿡
ǡɡȻһӽܲˣ㯶ңΪ̻ʥŮӺڰѳΪһֱܡ
һȴʧˣǣ˿ӪʥŮԳʱǶΪԼƽҲԼͬʱӵϵħʣѵ±ܲ
ˣǻǻָ֮ǰĹϵɣ֮˻Լϵʲôǣ㻹ܽܣԺƲϵǿԷֿԶټ档һ̾һڰ֣תӱ¡
ȴȻһ絶ʰʹɫ৵һû˰ѪɫҪԼˣֻʣͷ
ҪҲҪˮͻȻųһӺסһ
һħ̻֪˻ʲôغһŵüͷֻôƽ
ҲܣҲܣֻ֪û㡣§ԽԽһĲҪˡ
ˣһʵǳһ˿Ц⡣
ţµŲڤҲڡ૵
һת§ԼĻУʱԼ¶ظ鵽жҲΪԼеĵλϹ̻ᣬȴϲжһֹΪԼԷŮˡϧ
˫ûдˣ࣬һӦܹʱ顣
ã»عţ˫Աߣߺһѿ
ˣ˾Ϳ˵˵ЩںϵĶʲô˫ʵ
ˣҲұҲҵĻءһٺЦ
˫һһۡˡ
˵˵ɣЩʲô³˳һʵ
Ϊʬһٻٻ𣿡һָ߿ǿޱȵʬ˵
ѵǣ¶ħɲ˽⡣
Ȼǣһٻٻ﹥̫ǿֻȡʤʬռ飬õʧѾõٻʬֻռ͵ȵһ˵
㳶ôʵֲʬǡĪǣЩʯϵĶ飿˫ͻȻܡ
Щȷ飬Ϊ飬Ƚϸߵȵˣƽʱ͸ֺ֮ϣʯΪһ壬Խʯ֮УʵǵıǲħģǸں֮ǾͿԱˣֻ֮ϣǾû˹ʳνñʧɡһ͵ٻͨݲһ֮֮߸ǼǿĻҲ벻ЩֵĶȻеĺ顣
ȻбȽϸߵȵΪʲôǻ±ǵȼ͵׺أɻʵ
һｵһʬ߱ħǵȴǿޱȣˣʬһǱˡһЦ
û˺вһʱһʼǰƶطĸоʵڲ̫á
ͣ˶ʱͻȻһ΢ӭ洵һɲʱͣ½ŲٺЦǰǳˣٿһ㡣
ô֪ǰǳڣʵþĿҲֻܿһƬڰ
ûŵݵζһЦ
һȻŵһɵζʯͷʯͷزݰھǰԶˡ


349 ħ


֪·ǰһ˷֣һ·ɼԶй͸
ϵħ磿ߵȵľͷʼھȻһϵħӡסˣĵâܶš
ţ˵þ˹ȥֻһţֱط˳ȥʱëţȫļⶼʶزš
ĵðţȫ顣ðΣţӲļ߳һģʵ̿ס
һٺһЦζһ㶼İո̽һ£ϵħǿȳ
ɡһЦ̤ǰ֣ӡȥ
һƷνǵģһˣʥʮϵ˵ֽĲ࣬Լ־ϵӦòѰɡ
ܿ죬һɫ㲻֮ǰɶĲİ˵߷壬ϵ羹ȻȻβơǰʸıˣϵ粢һĽ磬˫ʩŵ񼶷Ҳ˽İ֮һֻʩųֽɡ
һƲϵ磬ֻҪ죬ܱ򿪡
էЩŵĹͻȻ˲ëȻ
㲻˵ǺĿôֳˣ¾ȣʥ͵ĹâʱԲʮסˡ
һһֵڳڵϵħ֮ϣͷʬܾµֱȥЦʬǺĿǣһĺǰ׵ķݡ
¸Ҫ𻰣ֻһһа˷ëϢӿ˹ʩųʥ⾹ȻһӰࡣ
ŨŨĺһԶзаϢ˼Ϊڤ
ģ̸ںұ֮ϣγһƬ޴ӰֻѪѪ۾ųâضһˡ
һ㻹Ҫò磿˫üʵ
żʮСʱɡһʼЦʧȥõ׺¶硣
˫ͷȻһƽƺͲϡ
а취Ըһһʵ
ɱס컹ǿ˫˵
һһüôţʵа취ԸϺڰħӦÿԵġҲùʥģֻǵʱƿ˾ڤ֮ʥȻð޹⣬ϾȻоһ˿ħԪˣ֪ô¡
˫սеıȣڵϷٵػ˸ӵɫӨħϢȻ
һƳһۣõһâ״෱
ħ󣡡һɾȵؽеħǴ˵׵Ĳʷĳ֮УʥħѧԺͼݷħĲбȱʧ̫࣬޷衣
һͻˣ˫Լǧǰʧ֮ǣʱʧ֮ĩʱйΰõħӵ˫뷿﷢ֵǿſˮԿħҲûʲôֵġ
˫Ƥδֻ̧ȫעػŵϵħ󣬶ͷк֡ʱǺƺΣգһ̶Хǵطĺ̳һ˾˹
˫һӿռָͳһϵħһʱһĵâǺĴ̶ͻȻˣаϢҲƺɢ
ħ˫㣬ħ𣿡ȻǱˣʵ
ǵģһ󣬷ΧڵһжĻûģĻûͨͨãħħһľûˡ˫ش
ô̽ҰɡһƤЦ
ԡ˫Ȼԥͬˣ⵹һеմմϲԼҲһ鶼û
ðΪʦ˫΢΢̣һĨѹǵ΢ЦȻֻôһɲǣȴһĿѣԣ֪ϦǺϦˡ
áһ˫Իˣʹ˵һ̷ֲ֣ԾĿøƨˣ㾹ȻҰΪʦд
ҴûϹҵˣʦûѧ˫ƽոյĨ΢Цֹһ㡣
һһתٺЦЦĺƯΪʦܹЦĻҲ޲ɡ
һĻ˫סˣ˫һ˿ʧ䣬ȴЩ
˫Ϊʦ˫ǡ
νΪʦԼΪʦҲûʲô˵ġһµĻЦ
ǲΥǲġ˵
¹ƨǣʦͽֻమΪʲôͲһ𣿡һЦСŮ˼Ҳȥ˵ǰĽѧ̸ĺȥˡ
˫һȵ类һ£æƿߣƽĺͶһʯһ΢
ˡһ૵
˫ָƽҲǱƽѣһµӡôʧģʧ䣬һЩѪҺĶȴȻڡ
£ҲŮˣǰǣھԲǡ˫תͷӨɫĻűȵ΢΢š
һɹȻһЦһȴǱˣЦҵŮˣһǱԶǣǰڻǽϵÿһ缡ҶϤ㡭
һĻȻֹȴǱɫ˫һ˱ֻһֻ̺Ŵ󲿷Ȼϵ֮ϡ
һûǰ𿪱ֻЩһӣӣʮӡ̲סˣһƱ˫ȴǸӵһ֣һϵı
һĩ䣬Ȼʽ΢Ц˰ɣ㲻ǵң㰮ȴǲʵ
˫ûд𻰣һܲĵķңҲͬԸоһʹʹҲʹ֮ʹΪ֮صӦ˫Ҳ
Щ֣ţţǿֿǸһɻģһǸӵĸ̿ġ
ʱ˫ͻȻɫһ䣬Ϣʧˡ


350 ë


Ϣʧˣһ˫˵ǶħԶסκηΧڵĶ
һ˾ɲʱߵĺɫұͻȻһЩʯʼӶϻ䡣
Ǵһ治壬ȻҪǡһţĵŲϻʯ
ʯڶˣǳѹ˹¾ͻߵĺҿ꿦껺
ǰɣһת֮˿Ⱦͱ˿ֱп࣬ѹǼҪѹˡ
һҲٷȥƽˣջ֣ӹֱת
ǱһһԼԴеҪȥϵأѾǳˣֻҪں֮ڸͨȥˡ
һƻңܿϧ˿ĩ˰죬԰ȻӲޱȣҲܶ˰ְ
ʵһ뵽ĻͺˣֻǺȼϣʹҼӲޱȡ
ߺұڵķ϶ֻʣ¶˿ˣڲϵغ£һʲôħ翹ܶûá
ô죿Щŵһһһ취ġ
˫ţҲ׷׽ĿһΣͷһǵĹǡ
ʱ϶ֻʣһ˿ˡһ˶ǲˡ
ʱЩͨغ鿪ʼû٣Ҫ֮ʳ
һٺЦ˫˶ʱһɣ֪һ뵽취ˡ
о˷Ϯһþסˣź齫ұȥ
ľҪһأȴԼͽͽˣô
һ˷û֮ʱߵĺұȫ£ѹ˿޷졣
һǰһоȫû˺֮СЩغҪһһ˾ͻῨںͷܹ֮֮УȫǿЩ
һȻЩԸľȡ
һǿľЩסˣǳųڵǸȥ
ãһֻǰһҷĿӭƢ
Ưĵط̾ɾһĻĲݵأָľ鲼ܣϿɫػ䣬һ峺СϪԶɽʶ£΢촵ҷɭҲѷɫ
ƯƯעһɣ˵طʲô졣һѵаȫصطܻɡ
ֻ޿ʼڲݵҲĻ
㿴Ǳߣһֻɫӡ¾ϲָϷһŴµëӵʥŮ٣ǺһŮ޶ˡ
һ˹ȥôֻڲͬëãڱŶˣʮֿɰ
ϲǰɣץһһѣһԱߣ㳯ץȥ
һ𾪵ǣʮʮȵһץȻˣֻץëõһӰɲʱ򣬾һ󾪺
һһתͷУмһ̫ǬŲ˵£ͷ˿ڰ׿Ĳݵϴڴ˿ܵһЩһƬͷһ飬˼󶴡һղվķԲʮѴݲһĽӡ
ﰡһŵղëӲٶޱȣһһֱʮ׵ĳǻ¶ȾȻȻ٣컹ῪЦ
ëû׷ٴηҪȻͦ鷳
˫˸˹𾪵ĩɢ
ϴû°ɡţʵ
ûû£˵ʲôطһֻӵʵҵ޻һµʵֻӵʵǱȲޣֻǵһߵֻ޵ʵûпʵֻ޵ļʮ֮һҪȻҲôǱˡ
ʱǱëĳҳĴ̹һȻգۼָԭƺʲôûзһ㡣
һһɾʼƬطתؼ˿ѧˣʲôﶼ·ߣȥǣһʮŪֻŽ
ϵСɽ£˵ЦͻȻһɫ৵һ±ò԰ףһۣٿȻſСɽ֮


351 ʶ


찡ǿʲôСɽµһ߾ȻܲħޣSϵĳħޣ඼ֻڴ˵֮У޶ʮʮֻ˶ĳħޱ鲼Сɽµƽش
ûۻɡ𾪵ʵ
ƺûУΪҲˡһεʼ磬ܿɻüͷ૵԰
԰˫ͬʱһƳһۣʾԼȥǱνһɽݶһгħ޵ĵطԲ֮Ҳڶֻ༶ħޣֻĳħޣల£ôҲ˵ͨгħ޾㲻Ҳɢǿƣйʮ񣬶ôҲûиоʲôֵǾȻҲûзǣҲ˵ȥ
˫ط˵ľţһҲȻ򣬶˫˵Ҳһո뵽ʡ
Ǿ˵Щǳħ޵Ĺﲢǳħˡ磬ʵ
벻ǣһԱ֪ˡһЦ
ôԣɻʵ
һվһţһȻΣ׼һֻðŽSSʨȥ
ֻʨӶϮı޷Ӧ۵һزӣȫĽ澹ȻɲʱϨϸһ˪ֱͦͦصȥ
һɵˣҲסˡʨµĶҲ̫˰ɣһ弶ˮϵħ͸㶨ˣƺ´ӡ
ˣطǷģǿıģķǿġһһָЦ˵
˫ҲΪȻոĳëãٿղĳħޣһ˵Ӧð˾Ųʮˡ
ϴ󣬼Ȼˡɱȥɡţţ˹
һûһţԴЦСӣרǰɡȥɱëȥ
ţԴƵĳħްţɴ򲻹ɱɱٵҲԹ
һ°͵غӣţôһ˵úеҲԼһһħޡǸожˬ
ҪȥģӿȴרӲⲻɵɱȥһһ֡ǹƥسСɽ¡
ϴ󣬵ȵȰţţ۴׷ȥֻҲ˹ȥ֡
˫ЩЦãһʵĥ͸峺۾ƺܹһۿף﾿ЩʲôܾܵҲ޷֪ɣʱܸʱȴܵ񹲷ߡȴ崺硣
Ů˼ת¶Ҳͬ׷һӰʶһУ˫ˮ˫رȻ񵭣ƺü䲻ʱȴʾĲƽ
˫һ˵һУһ£һ˵İɵǾԲʵġȻʧȥһһʱļ䣬һӡ󲻿ν̣һĵˮһɲǾȻоĵĴʹС
Ӳ³һ·ߵܶʱ˫һĳƵĸоҪĻǸо꼻һְŲȴ˫һ˵һ֮ĹϵƵĮʵȴࡣ
˫㣬ԶˣǸȥɡµ˼˫ѣŮȥ
ûöʱ䣬һ֮Ȼһˣħޡһأţĩӡ
ʱСϻСһֻġħޡһļߣſˮֱһĿȣȻˡ
һС۹⣬СеԭϿ϶ζģЩʴֲڵħῴ
һʳҲζˣŪֻһһСͷЦͱˡ
С˷ܵشգִ˳ȥػ֣һضϻؼֻħޡ
һΣСʳɼʶһ޵׶ٶҲһһæģǴѪɫｫʮ˾߳øٻǰƤ⣬統ڻçԭһ
˫⾰ȴǿҵʶĸоֳˣͬػ룬һģĳ


352 ֮


ԼԼ䣬˫ƺһƬçĲԭһ𣬻мģӰӡ̵ıʮ˾ڵĳˡ
˫ŬҪøǳȴʼһ㱡ɴƵģһŮߣǲ¶Ŀ
ͻȻ֮䣬Ž׵ۿٿȻŴ˫һȻѹعȴһվǰЦ¶뷢İ
˫΢һ˿ѹȥʵ
ҵ϶ҿҿ⡣һһ˿ֵЦ˫
˫΢΢Щȣ˭ˣǿߵá
ãҺÿ𣿡һٺЦ
ñÿһٱ㡭ʲô˫˵ţȴһĿԵش˹
ǲʲôˣһһʵ
ûС˫ɴػش
һһ˿ʧָܿһĻЦٺЦ˫ղˡ
˫һۣȴһתصԱߣֵ̾ܰ˵ϴ˧ѵҲôΪ𣿡
һľٶŮʮֺ棬ţֲֻ֣ſˮſϵ⡣
ڶۿһâͷǾȻתһ
⡭ʶ˫Ȼ֪һصһְҵٻʮ˾õôȣֻǺ˼άĹǼӾȻ˵Ļ˷Ӧܲ˳Ծ
һѾǵһμзӦˣ²߳ǼӵԼʶðͷʱн뷨Щڴˡ
ɡһĲɵشһ䣬۾ֱֱڶۿüĵľΧסϴľ񲨶ûٻǲо񲨶ģȴ˻еľ񲨶˵ûʶҲû˻š
һ˼Զȴۿźâಽظ󣬿һȴδ´
ʱһϸоһȽǿҵľ񲨶ƺԼһ˵ʲôȴиܵ˳Ľ
һת𵱳յõѪɫõʱ׳̫࣬ŨصĺڰϢȫ¶γ˹ʻĿףҲǵǸݺڵĹǼˡһҲû뵽ϷΪȡһ֣ʱҲ˭Ҳܸ֮ܣӵԼ˼ά
ãһϰļģʲôöǿϣԶҪҡ
ۿâţһ˵Ļ˼άȫֻ൱Сӡ˵ӵʶһֱӵãΪһֱһһͣ˵ʹʶĲһʼֻһ㣬һʶʼչ׳մﵽĳ̶ȡһ˵ǲܻᱳһģӵһ˿ʶʼһϴٹֻ̣ҪһһִС
ձЩ죬һһԳ˼ִͦվ󣬶ʮ߾ȴִһ⿾γһСˮˡ
⿾ˡһ֮ңһ׵Ĺâ֣밵Ƕ棬ϵĺڰϢܵų⡣
һͷеĿϣŨĲ汻ѹҲٺ˼ˣ궼ܴԽʱˣ绹ʲôܵأ
ƺĿռҲкҹ磬һ˳꿾⣬ȴͻȻͻȻˣת֮˴ֲɺҹҲֻһ˲顣
ռΣأһҲðȻǰ˵ĩ֪Ҷķ˲ٵľҲӦһˡ
Ӫ˻˸ԵЪϢ
һ˯žѰ˼͵͵µȴʮ̻Ҫݰ
˫֮ǰ˵ĺݻǷߵʱȾҪСJJһЩԥˣϬ⵱ͷôôأ̫ˡ
үүģܳԵĻǱ˯аɡһҧгݵŮΧƵӹϰˣûӿѰ
һŸֶͣ£Ϣµ񴦣һ֪ûвκν磬һвɴϲ˵ѾͷҲڵԼء
һƿȴͷŨĹϢȶѽڤ֮С
ѾͷզͲΪأһɥ룬ҪȻףֻΪԼƻڤʵ̫˽ôܸأ
һسµһͷȻһ˫ӣĵ׺ֱð
˫ҹܳ˸֪˻𣿡һ˫û˵
£ǲǲҪǶˡ˫˫ƳһĿɣԾһĨɫ
ҲҪѵҪʲôɱ˵ָӦˣǵĻҸұ֤Լ⣬ҵ¡һæƲϵȴֹĪԼԴһҲܸӦ
˫ûд𻰣ֻһϵĪ⡣
ɫԣƬҹաɫµ˫һϮ£ŮƷˣһƵЩ
˶ŷǺֻܾɲǣͬʱѹһƤνֻ˫ȴЩ⡣
˯ţԳһߡ˫תͷһ˵
ǸҲ˯ţΣһ˫ӰЩˡ
˫ûоܾҲûзԣֻԶȻûзԣһǺƤȥ
˫Щңÿ״򲻶ڤ룬֪ô£ȴѾɴڤ˯Ժ˯˹ȥһΣгһϤӣǺ˷µ˫ǻ΢Ц޲ʾӵ˱һ
ֻǵεһǻˣֻһȴѹϣ˵ƬţͬĽһ㡣
ͬƱһ֮һе˫Ҫܣȴͽ͵طĹ켣ѾԽԽ޷ٷֿˡ


353 չ


һ˫Ǳõ飬֪Ϊˣ֮ǰһֱôĵݣܵвʱҲһüͷȴܵķӣƺʲô
𣿡˫ͻȻ̧ͷʵĿֱֱһǲǳĺ
ˣ˻Ǵڵİɣȴ翣ԼȽʵڡһʼЦ
ƾһ˵ҲܹԿ𣿡˫һ˵
һüͷЩȻΪԼԵʰɣɫԿҲҪģȾҪԼģҪɱΡ
˫תͷңҹգ΢΢ƮüĿ䷺һĨ˸У飬˵ʧ֮Ǳʱ˫ϿһΣ֮Ҳûˡ
𣿡һʵ
һм𣿡˫Щૡ
ȻҵĵطļңΪҵŮˡһ֣ס˫С֡
˫ȫ𣬸ܵһִů밲ȫԼָоϵûѡ
һһϲо˫ĹϵֽһҪǰԼ϶ֱһˡ
ûˣĸҲûˣʥǶˣΪʲôһš˫˽һĴ֣øůοǿǿ顣
ΪңȴǧֻΪ˵һϧ˵ˮĿע˫Ĳ
𣿡˫ʶЩܡ
Ӧ˵Եݣ㶼һˣһ಻ӦôϵˣȴˣԵݡһĦеıۻС֣ЩƮ
һĵдɢ˫ȫģһĽ࣬һصĸо֮һӦ˵İɡ
Ϊʲô˵ҲǲӦôˣ˫ɻʵ
һ㶣ЦЦûΪʲôֻҪ֪Եˡ
ֻ֪ܻŮӣѹߺڶ࣬鶼ƭģ˫һһĨߵ΢ЦСȻһĴ֪˻ǸûҪѡ
ƭǿҵĻġһ˫΢ЦҲûʲôȼԼŮ˿ĸҸˡ
𣿡˫̧һֻ֣һϵطĿڡ
һЦִ̧˫ϣ£˻˫ĶǲģԼоһ±֪
˫һůؿڣоԼĶҪ˳ʱоһĸӲ岻ԾһԼͬڱµĻֲ̿ͻȻƽԼעһˡ
һĴ˫ıţʹҲܹо˫Ǿ˻뵯Եļܹٴν뻳Уһֱ͸һ㣬ǳڱǼĵζȴġ
һ°͵˫ļͷֱĶ꣬촽ᴥеĶ
˫ţץһ°ڵСֽɣֽͻȻһܵСŵһȵ£ԲβҲħ֮
Ŀг˫ȫſС죬ݺһҧһļ֮ϣֻСּҪһ°˺ˡ
һȴǼӿ˹ٶȣצץų˫˫ȼƶһָη伷룬δ˽ܽء
˫һȻƿһʵظϼ棬ݺݵһһۣ˵ЩʲôһӰƾʧˡ
һյͷЩ˰Ӧò
ٹã˰ɡһϲʱãƼָƺ˫ͦβϵˬĸо֮ǰ˫ǰԭʱȻڻʱһһҪҵκý˫ϵ䣬ûһ˿аҪȥ˫֮ϵǷǳġ

ߣһؿռԣһһֻ龮μһɽЪϢֻõĿƣͿ֪жôǱ
ʱǧ˵Ķ飬ȴֻʣİ˵ӣ֪һ·ǶôΣ
Դӹ̻ڰֻ̻һֱĬʮߵ죬ҲЩЦֻֻ鲻ϵĻҲҪȫ֮С
ŮװķһŸ񶼻һ㣬ЩһжôĲ˼飬ǾȻߵڡ
ھͺˣþûгԵĿˣҲþûС˵˵ЩˣһŮΣ֮Уرаȫеˡ
Ҳþûкͷǰɣģ֪ɣļɱЦŵһӣЩˡ
֪ܻܲųȥأ̾һĿͻȻתĹӪͣ˿̵ϣŵϢʱȥ˿İɣô˵Ҳǽ
ðϴλأͷʵÿΣգ˿̶ʶسԷҲ˶Էüˡ
ҹɫСɽµһƬεӰһе̸ţȴ˿ָ̣Ůװķ塣
˿̣Ĵ֮ûУĹеʵһֿģ˿̵֪֮
˿һҡҡͷֻѹˣûرĻһӶ䲻ˡ
һۣ˶Էеĵģ֮һ㷨ʧ۶˿̻һһĥ
Ҫˣһа취ģΪֹûʲôܹѵ尲ο˵
˿̵ͷҹյֻҪŮˣһΣ
仰УͿԿ˿̶һĸжҪ֪˿ѴﵽħʦĶ壬ﵽħʦľҲֻʱ⣬ȴΪ˰һħò
֪ΪʲôһֱˣŮӣȢĻǻǴġ˵ǵģһֱ֪˿һеĵλеŮ˵Ӧλġ
ʱеħԪͻȻҲĲµľ羹Ȼһ˲ˡŮڴʱһ޴ɫڲԶ


354 ̳


ŮɫĹɫһ䣬оһŨ׵ϵħԪӭǿѹٿôѹˡ
ѵƳľһŮһۣʧԭأԻصԼӪ
ջصӪأͼһڰʿųǹ˹ɽµ֮ⷢļ̳ĵܣƣ顣
Ůһ˿˷ܣԼͬתͷ̻Ӫ˿̵Ŀ⽻㡣ȻӪһ·ĬǶΪ棬ǱϻǶģǻӵͬĿ̳꣬һֺ֣ϵȻѣΪ飬²һɡ
ŮԵؽһͬʱ´еɽС̳ȥ
˷һͷȥûһ㵽ļ̳⡣
һԼʮףȫɷϹâʯɵԲε¶̳̳ԵŰ˸ʯʯϿصĻơ̳һȫսףԼ׵ΰǴ˵ԭˣִһѾ޴񴸡һɫԲƣ˵䲻
һŲ֪ʲôƳɵĹƮһӤȭͷСĻԲɫӣɢű˵İ
顣ȥǧúڰ̻˵֡ܰߵĿ˫ĿԲشУ˵֮ȴҲ˲ôڶܰˣż̳ϳȥʱ˵ûκζȻΪҪ
̻һڰ̻Ҳж糱ˮһ̳ǰЩ컹ĬĻһӷĿɳֺ顣
˿ķɵ˿Сòװģش֮ǰǸռʱһ㣬üҡʵأ˵˰԰Ǵ÷ˮ
˫Ӫ浽ڵˣǶδ˶ˣʵݾǲö˵˫ɱۡһ˲أİѸٱ˰ˡ˿̽Щ̣ʲô취أ
ʱڶܰǿħĲڻ£һץһ߷ҲС
̳ϳɫâɲʱûҰһƬ
ڴ򶷵˫һ㶣ֹͣ˹ÿϵ鶼ɲһӰЩ졣
˿̻صԵӪһ޷͵Ŀ־ڶһѹȵѪļ¡
ˣǿ쳷ͻȻתͷԷ˵ǿΣʶжϡ
û˿ԥе鳯Ź̻˹ȥҪˡͬһʱ䣬˿Ҳ´ͬҪ󿨼׿Ƴˣȴԥˣǡɼ˹˳һͷҪ飬𣬽ץС
Ȼ˿´ȷȴΪʱ̳ıԵͻȻſһŵ׵磬͸ʱһĩ֪ȵؾͷһģһһƷھµ˶Ʋˣ˿ôܳóȥأ
ʱ̳ͻȻһǿѹϵɢĿĹâ񱩵ϵħԪ̳Ϸۡɫʵ׵ħԪס˿ӡ
ҪˡͻȻЦоһӴ׵ϵħԪسڣĿС
˫ӪͻȻ֪˭һ䣺顣˫Ӫ˱һѷӿ˹ȥԵشֻʣģ壬˿붫ܰˡ
̳ϵ׵ϵħԪԽԽŨŨƺֱܴ
ʱӵĿЦͻȻȻֹ񱩵ϵħԪԴԴϵسڣʶѾŵ˼ޣ漴˺Ѱʹֵش
Ȼ̳еϵħԪһֻÿеȻֱը̳ɫĹâ緭ڣҵУűжᱻʳƬ
ã̳ϵʼֹͣԵ׵ϵħ˲ʧӴϵħԪڿɢ
һйƽǻ̳ʧӰˣϷ࣬һҡҷ


355 


峿ӡߵƲʣɢһȦһȦĹΡϮˣ¶ʪձġħޡѲӰȡ֮һЩFħޣʮ޺˭֪ЩԭʦսʿܶԸСռȴǼ˿ֲĴأ
һ񣬼һϮذ׳˫񾲵пһŴ£˫鿴Ȼ׹뷲ʳ˼̻ŮһĿӾܡǰһԼţ˾ͷǳ˫ģ˵Ѫɱ֮Ϥȥ
һǰ˫ߣһˬĳһ߿ߵŮӣֻһ̣Ȼ㡣
ֻë׷ų˵ķ˹һһͣ񾭲رһֱСڸоһĽźҲë
ֻëɲʱͣ۾ĿתضһԼֻޡ
ҪţֻҪ㲻ǣǲġ˫鱾˵飬˵̬ƺûʲôı䣬ֻżȻŻһŵ顣
һ˫ĻǺɣ񾭣ֻҲȻڲһȲ޶ʱֻëֿʼֻЩסˣȥ֮һʼˣ
˲һһʱ֮ȴû˭ٿڣֻôţһҲܸоһ˿ҸŨȴʤԶ
ã˫ͻȻ̧½ǵһͫ״ţһգҲգض˫Ķ
ߵ½һƬӨ̰ɫ¶˱ɽһǣ峿⣬һЩѣĿһڿˮаа˵˫ط²̫ʰɣ硭ǽΣ
˫̧ͷصһһۣʱͷţٺ˼ˡ
أ˫һ͸İ߹ŵĵ׹˳ȴǵһڱΪϵص׹
͸ҵ𣿡˫Ħ׹΢΢˶Ӧ΢Цɡ
ȻĶ֮ͱˣһӵŮ˰ɡһٺЦЦȴŲӹɵǿռ
˫ûз̧һһʲôһ֮صӦϤУһ֮ľͼֿ˵ذšһһԻԼֲ֮ܣȻˣ˻Եݣһ˳Ȼͺˡ
׹һֵʱܸо̺֮ŵˮϵħԪأôﵽؾ磬׹˺ܴá˫üͷƺԭ
ҿһ֣׹ôãûвʲôһʲôʱůزʡ
һץ˫ص׹ʹأСָȻ˫ѩ׵ķһ¡
˫ϷһĨ̺죬ܿûҪ̫ҲԶһ񡣡
⣬⣬Ҳ֪̫һ;ýţСĴָովеʧˡһٺЦֵȴþ̽׹
˫һŲһĹţһؿڶŷ˵жôΣ˿ʮа˾ŻΪڸЩٶ˵顣
ûУûҽ㿴ˡ˫Щȣ¶ļеزһɢ
ˣϾͺˡһɫĿʼ̽
̽ȥؾȷоһ͵ˮϵħԪصĲȴŨ񣬶һ̽ľҲûκοӦ
˫㣬ڸʲôһ׼ֵʱȴڤ˳һ˫ƣɴⰻȻʵ
һش֣ٺЦЦ˵ûʲô˫оһ㶫
˫ûŮǰλӣ׹½ڣ½£ֱֵһСŮܹȵġ
ʱţҲԼ˳˫Ȼ˾ͼǰɡ
°һֱߣڻ̲סʵղŵ׸˫ڸʲô
ûʲô˵治Ů˸Щʲô𣿡һЦµСƨɡ
³Ĭ
ʵҵģֻڤ롣һµС֣˵
۾һüĿɬ̻ΪһգתȾһĨϲá
ɡƵһκһƬ


356 ֻô粻


һ֪Ůķһͻõ󣬵ȴ»ô󵨣ǳ
һʥһЩˣ˶Ĺĸ˻ܵأֻһ˫ӦˣɲܣһıСJJɲôˡ
ֻһʱɫȶֻҪ£Ӧûʲôɡ
ҡһ뵽µĶﴵһצݵ̵ͦСƨһеԵָжˬû궼ûˡ
һɻһ˫һһƨȥһһܵ˫ߣٱһɦ£ȴڴϵˡ
һһԥˣԼĺĴһ֮ǲĸңֻҪһ֮ǰǷЭԻȥɢ
߰Ķʰã׼·ˡһ룬С޺ʱȴֻ޵ƨɺһѵıȳħ޻ֲFEħޡ
ѯȴǼʮֻͼħֻշ£ϵϢЩħ޾Ȼƨƨߵظֻ޺Сܡ
һ°͵ĺӣٺЦ⼸ʮֻɳֲĿɰħһ·ȥӦòʲôɡ
Ȼһ·ͨ裬·ϻֻĳħޣǵĹڰ;Уͱֻ޵СøɸɾҲˡԴһûôɹﲻɴ̾Сܾˬ
ֻˬǹúܿ죬ںҹȻʱһ˵ԴռıԵһоռȻ෴磬ĩ̤оаϢӭָɴ˶
ֻ޺һȺСҲֹǰˣֻǵһһͷسʱķ򷵻أһû
ôصаϢһƬءһ˵ʲô鷨ʦְҵ˵ĩһֺܺõ;
üͷаϢʮų⣬һڽȥ𣿡
ٽȥɣʢʱȥûʲôô˫
ţȥɣ£ССҵﻹ͸һ㡣һƨЦ
˺Ӫկڽʱӵ̧һʾ˰˵Ļ
һȻǣȵ˫ڤ붨ʱжֻҪݣӦòôķӦɡ
һһ˫ڤˣһŵ˳
Բ𣿡һһϵֶ˫˵ӣﰵп࣬ôһ㣬ѵ֪ԼµԼ
û˫˵
һ̧ͷֻǹ貣ȴǲӰ
ôڤˣһЦʵ
ƺϣڤ룬ֻǡû飬ǲǺʧ˫һǷһĨ΢Ц
ʧΪʲôҪʧһٺЦ
ĳֻҪ͵ȵè˫Ƴһһ۵˵
͵ȡһǹµ˫
˫һֶı飬һ㶣ŷӦ͵ƺ˵Ҫӣ⻰˵ͼӵ˵ԼĳĹϵ
һȥ͵ΣһٺЦ
˫΢΢գҺ֪ʲôġ
ʲôҲ֪һЦߵ˫ߣÿŵϵζ
˫ʶرܿһǿԵĿ⣬һ֮Щһ˿˵ĸо컵һĻ
һץס˫Сָ֣۵ﻮȦ
ſҡ˫ȴԵЩƿһ֪ΪʲôûижԭҲڴһ̣Բǡ
һҲεڻеˣ˫ûйķӦԼµìܵ
㵽ȥ͵ģҪԸóȽ˫㶨ˡ
šһᶨشһ˫һ˱§һ
˫ķҷһĴֻסС촽ᴥСɵĶ
˫΢΢СֳסһҪѣȴָò߱Ը뿪İϤů
һ˫㷢дŰԵû˶ֱĽɣһֻ˫βС
Ҫ˫طıݽҧ´ýģĮҪˮ
һ֪ʱŮ˵ĲҪȫԺԣ˫㷢쵽һߣ촽ϸܵƵϣ̶ŵ
˫ҵıһһ˫һ˫سơ
˫Ӿ磬һǧ黰ȻЩƣ֪СʪŮ˽鶯ˡ
һ촽ǵ˫ǣ˫һ£ͻȻסһĲӣ۴޷˵ӡһĴ졣
˵һ˫ԺһƬհף궼ƺƮһͷ֣Ū
һĴ˫ţǾ˵ĵȴʼղҴȼ们룬һ㽫˶ܡ
ֻһʥˣֿԿƣĸԴȴƵ˵ģⶥ˫С˵ʳ֪ζض˫˫ȼ䡣
˫ȫһѹҪܵȴһαס䣬˫Ժ˽ȥ֪һĻԼ˵ĵط֣ȴٷˡ
һ΢΢ͦţʱϵôϵģֻΪ˫
˫ĽȻİĿ纣ҪûֻнסһԼľݡ
һĴִ˫ƣܿ㵽Ǹʵ¶ˣ̽Եس϶˶˫ûƾܣֱӸסһղ˵ĻԲ顣
ǰʧأ˫̲סһаֱð̽˫½ֱ顣
һҪôߡ˫Ȼѹ֪˫ֽסһͷʹĴ֡
һ˼Σ˫̬ȼҲգֻô粻˰ɡ


356 


˫ȻȴǲȫſѾһҪԼȫȴܾûȱЩʲôһؿڲһ롣
㡭˵Ҫ˫ɿС֣һʵŰСתһĲ
һһ˶񣬾֮ܲãܹ˫չزʲôأ
һһֻצ½˫飬ϴۻĴУǻȵ¶΢Ĳһֻצƣʱѹη֮Сֵܵ֡
š˫һ§ԽԽ۴ȵϢԾӭһͦĩ̶ֳ꣬ȵĴ̼˫ǰҲġ
˫΢һעǿҩһڵȼҲƺĥٶȴԽԽ졣
ͣͣ£ҡҪ˫ͻȻӣͽ͵ҪƿһķӦȴһٶȸ죬ĩ˵ֻһᣬɹҺ˽ԺɲǼһƬհסеһжԶȥʶеΨһִرϢ̵Ļ
˫ڸ߳ʧȥķӦһȴҲòȥڸܵ˫ﶥʱȻǰĩеؼ˷ܣҲβס籡ˣǿҵĿȴĩˡ
˽ӵڼȵĿʼ£ȴȻޱȡ˫һĻʶţþĩƽ
ߡһͻأ𣬽ڼе˾ѹ
һ۽ǵһƳһĨӰ֮У»˭أѾͷúɲͲססҪһѯʾȴһýһһ˫Ȼǵ̳ˡ
˫ɴ¼ɢ˺ܶ࣬ƿһ¾ʪһƬճճؼһһۣ⻵ߣȥ°ɡҽȥˡ
һ𸴣˫һʧˣһЦȻԼӵſӷˣоȻҲòȥ
ϴһӣһһµǰµؽ޶ãر㴩˹ȥߡ
¾ڴϣԼͷŶסˣȻ֪һĵȴһŲ
һȻ֪ƢˣǰڴرߣָŽֱϣ£ˡ
ûзӦȻһ졣
һΣҪͷϵıӳȴץǲϳ
һҲǿҲûʹƿô׷ȻǣֻӽתתЦ𡭡
ֳס濴ʲôһƵβ·µֻӨ͸СѾʱ¶˳Сֺ۷ۣɷǿɰ
һ׽סһֻҪȥСѾôḧţֻ
ſңɫǡЩɬӱƴƺոտ޹
ţһЦ𣬴ȻͣµСϴռˡ
Ҳ뿴㡣ºߵ
ǰɡٺ٣ҽ㲻һһ׽סµĽףһֻȴĽ
ſңһ󻵵ſˡ¶ʱܲˣ˫صȴĵеùһ
ҾͼˡһٺЦţָ絯ٰµĽţҪ֪ĩеĵطԼвԾһñ𡭡ǿĥ
ˣҡҳ𣿡ֻвʵؾٰͶ
һֹͣȴ׽µСŲš
ʱƿͨصһ
ߡſҵĽţ㡣ϢһϢضһ˵
һȴǲ¹ؽűϸ˸ͻȻףĽһǡΪħʥŮǷǳɾôССĽ񱣬Ө͸Сûһ˿ζһɵ㣬ƤˬڽŵҲҲһ˿Ľʲ㣬㣬ʹǺη
ȴǾһȫһһôһǾȻСȵľ𮣬ĪСűԸе㣿
´޷һһǾȻǿҵĸоСְ⿪һĴ֣űĹĵر
㻹ءһϴӺ§סµС
ұĵ˫ıûֻȻԹƽ
ǶҵıԴˣҵǶ޼֮һ˵黰֪ŮӾͳף֪ǼٵҲãȻ˵İٷ֮Ļ
ƭˣ˫Ǳֻһݶѣûҵ£ҪȻҲᡭᡭߺһ˫飬Ͼ˫ǰǽԼȣȴһ˫һȣжҲⲻԹ԰
ɵѾͷǼǵԼֻ룬˫Ӧһ߳ɻô죿ҿ϶Ҫȸ㶨źãҪȻʲôһ£ֲʵơ
¾һôһ˵úô¡һԹҲɢˣһɣһʹĸоǿңһһػ
һצϡץסµͦη⣬ոܹսϴСֵצ
һСһǰ˫ϣ˵㶨˫㣬ǲǡԡ
Ȼԡһ֮ã˫ˣоԼ¸Ҳ˵ʲô˰ɣֻͻȻ֮뵽ҪаֵأǹħʦܻӰ죬ϾǺõطȳȥԺ˵Ҳʡôҷġ
Ϊʲô㡭㲻ҪңһĻشګګʵµŮ밮֮жôûʧɡ
ɵϣôأһƿز֣ظ㷢Լ˵һ顣
ֻǱԻͷأһôһ˵ѹʱȷʵʱϾҪˣؿ϶ҲΣأȴЩ飬ЩѵһĸҲ˵жɫһأһƽɫɫҲⲻ˿ͷϿռСˣڹؼʱܹԼ
ҹɫᣬһûͻĳ߶ȡֻӵŽߡʼգǶһĨҸ΢Ц
ӰбʱڲԶˣһζڰ١
ȻӿҲ͸ȥر߽緽Բǧ֮ھһֻ˸е
һµʱţˣһ׹ϢԽԽʵˣ͸һɱ뺷ذţտȻʵ֮һҲеȣ˴֮Уţջ治С
ϴˣţոˣħʱͻȻþЩŹ֡ţһƨƨ˹ȥѯ
Ź֣ʲôŹ֣һӹţþ£ͻȻһȷʵйŹ֣þȻųҵϢѵҲų𣿡
ǵûУֻǸоþͻȻûųң÷ǳСţţ˵
һü˼þϴζԸڤţþʵھ٣вֻ֮ͬпܾ
þͬһЩͼۡڲ½þǴ˵һۡ˵ӡǡʱ˫񾲵þĲ
һعͷ˫֪ʱ󣬱Ȼ񵭣ֻһʱһ˿顣
һ˫Ļ֮Ȥ˫ǧǰʧ֮ǣ֪϶١شһûиտʼôΪȻˣּʵǴڵģǳϣ˽һЩⷽ顣
˫ܲϸظ˵һ˵һ˫ڲݵ
˵˫룬촽ʼǹϵĴ˵


358 ˵ռ


˫Ĵ˵ڽţǶ֪һһꡣ
ȻûôţԴӵĩ֪֮һǸоŹ˶죬벻֪ѹ˶ˣ뵱һʧ֮ʱĺڰռǡ෴
ȻԴԴϵð崳õ˵е飬ܹɡ
ͬʱ½ĸȴ˷츲صı仯߰˰ţ۹۹γ֮ƴ濪ʼ԰µ۹͹ϯ½̵Ļ
߰˰ʮţ۹ݰµ۹У¶ʮţ۹Ҳݰµ۹ǣս˫µ۹սƣӦýڽڰˡ
µ۹๴ĺڰ̻ڴսȴ䲻ΰµ۹ʳʵһжΪ̻һ߻ӵڰ̻սŹ̻Ҳ̼롭
ǲ߰˰ʮ˺ţ½ս۹ĸո˸չµһеĳǽϣڲبߣջٵķ֪˴δսؼҳ̶ȡ
ûãһӭչȴǿ˫Ӫһ޶Ӫ졣еܰĶ˫Ӫ
һǰԸȨ˫ӪӪ֮ȴǽܰԣʲô¿оܰһͷβս񣬺òսȻ⣬˫ӪҪսд
˸տʼĽţ˫Ӫƽʱѵӵ쾡£һ̵ս빥ʾǿâָӣ˫Ӫڶʱڴ½
ǽϡ⣬һĨںս׵ĸӰϣӭſ粻ɽ
ýѵ㲦ϣҾսʮˣ˰ʮˣʮˣоսһǧһˡ²ǧ˰ˣһӴ֪ܲ١һֻʮ꣬ǧ˳׵˳ǽһ񹧾
תͷһղ˴ιбǧ˫ӪľüƭźµģȴϹܿصܵܣһСϹ߳׳࣬ʵֻʮ꣬ȴǳ˧СˣӪĶǾ޴ġսϹҲϹһսأСȴ͵͵ţСսʮȻնɱзʿ٣ڿ۹ļҲ
ܺãӼӽѲߣʿΥն⣬ϰյİЩ²ŻáϷһĨЦݣϹҲһȻ֪Щ²Ͷģһսʱᱻǰڻҡ
˫ӪΪ֪ӪĲܰԣȴŮ˼·һĵ㲦Ȼ󿪣ıһһԵɱ񣬿˵˫Ӫսء
㿴ţҶ˫Ӫվ½Ķ壬վڶ帩硣ıͻȻӵ۵˼ոջѪɱŮһ˲һСŮˣֻһĻȴܹ

ڣ˫еĴ˵ڼ¡
˫ԣ˼֮磬ԳһЩ߸ƶ˸ߴ񣬷ֱǹⰵˮйΪߴ֮ף˼䴫ĲԺɣֻй̻ڰ̻˵ڰˮݣ˼µҲǶġ
ߴַ֮Ϊһۡۡۡ˴֮Ҳǵȼɭϡһۡеٮٮߣʵ񣬺֪ιǷ룬廯Ϊޣ򱻷ӡþ֮ڣʥǳҲ˫ĸãһֱҲö֮˱֮вٹʣȴǧţá
þֻǵţһѪ˰ûʲôرġһ˵
ѪҸ뵽ˣ˶ȴɹţΪһͣԵݰɡ˫ҡҡͷ˵
˫㣬𣿡ºʵ
˫ҡҡͷûУֻʥǵ֮йߴĵ񣬾˵ʥǱǹ
ǺΪʲôʥǵ׷ʲô飬ܵ˺ڰ𣿡һʵ
ʣʥǵܵ˺ڰ䡣˫̾һȵĺ⡣
һס˫ıС֣Լůݸ
˫ȥеĺ⣬һĵĺůůһЦʱˮ޹⣬һԣͬΪŮӵҲˡ
˫㣬ЦƯ´˵Ҳǲ½һŮˣɫ˫ʤһζҲⲻ˵ġ
һع񣬶˫Ц˫Ժ㻹ֻһЦɣԵġ
˫һһۣʱͷǻ飬ƮƮƵĸ󡡣
ʱǿ׼ȥɡ˫˿ɫѵ
һᵽ£ȫѹǻΣ֮УԤÿǰһΣձӴһ֡
һ׼ϣʥػӳԼţ˫ϣһҪ鷨ʦӦ˲ġ
һԵĳ˽ȥֻǰһаϢӭǲһ
Ȼ̫ȣ̧ͷȴһƬеֻ̫ܿһԲεӰ
ʬͻȻһͼʮһʬһģһؽԼٶȳ˹
ﾹȻ飿ҳռԵֻ͵ȵ
Ȼʮ׺һ˵ʵ㲻ʲôɾ͸㶨ˡҲ˱¶ص⣬ռȻԡʴ˵廹ʴ˵ľڸտʼⲻ󣬵Ǽ߼ʮ֮أ˭֪ռжأ
ܲ־Ҫ֣ռ䡣һ˵һʴԽ죬κν硣
һٻʮ˾߳ãӦòӰ죬ʮ˾߳ûϵĺڰ֮ʵ
һ̽һ£Ƭʬ£ǰ鲼ͭʬʬʵǿĽʬʬţë·ûаôԴӿзɹȥʬûзе
һ÷ȴռֻܷʮҵĸ߶ȣϾһ桭صѹ
һ֪ʬһҲܴﵽ˸߶ȣҲ˵ڿʬʬҲܹǡµƯֲ֧˶೤ʱ䣬ħʴø죬ûа취ֻӲˡ
һʮ˾߳ôǰֻտߣм䡣
òϣʬظ֪ǳˣһ˸ոǰֻʬͷХһʱ䣬ٵͭʬʬ˹ǰʮ˾߳÷ײ
ȺĹâ˲񷣬һʮֻͭʬ֫顣ǹͼݶ¥һʮ˾߳ʬභʱֻʬ൱ʮ߾߶Ըֻʬſƽ
ֻǽʱͬʮ˾߳õĽڼ֮ڰ֮ʵѴʶ
ÿһֻö뼸ֻʬභǶһֻʬܡ
޼սʥһֻֻʬ˿޵ϵȻֻܷӳʮ֮ҲԶԸЩʬˡ
ֻʬתøɸɾǾԶĽʬһХʬս
һʬֻӲޱȵצӾȻ͸ѸϺɫʲŹǣڶͫðһ⣬ʬĺغ֮С
ֻʬһХһŨصĺӴڴðϤڡܿ죬ʬɿݣֻצӴؿڻ˳һ˵ϡ
һҪȥѿ޸ʱȴѵؿڴðһ̣գۼָ֮ԭֱһﲻѣһֽˡ
һżնɱֻʬĿȴͣһֻʬϣΪֽʬܹʹʬͭʬ룬ɲٻеİ취ʬٻΪԼôǿͨƬʬ


359 


һԽԽУƬʬֻɣҪȫɱǻҪɱռԽöԼԽǳΪҪ
ԥһһԶֻʬһǿĺףΪһ۲ʬսֽʬı֮Ӧþĺϡ
ʬӦȴҲֱһֻŽâצӳһؿȥһ֪׺ֲƻһתĺ󷽣ͬʱһһʼȥݺݵĺ󱳣ֻוּһʬڰл˻ΣȻ˵أֻһ˿ڣڽ׺˵˺ԺԲơ
һզ࣬ʵֵĻ׺ӦÿԹΪSSĳħˡ
һľ𣬽ʬѸתһڲ̵Ũɲʱһ廯Ϊһײһ
һ̵֪Ũʬˣʬʬжôֲɲ볢ԣ»ӳһ罫ʬһʬһͷײһµĽϣϴһޱȵĲǲһˡ
һҴ⣬ɬӿٿպϵ˫ðտȻǵصס׺
ʬҵӺһеԽ
ڣ׺ֱһһħӡǴüٿȻ룬֮ӵľťʬѾΪһٻ顣
һؿЦʬסƬ׺ͭʬȻʮ˾߳øһոЩܷʬϵĺڰħϤգһˬ˵ð
ĵ·һ±ͨһֻʬһˡֻʬͷֻжʮֻʬɢƬĸطˣҪȻۼһĻһҲֻܳԲ˶ߡʮֻʬһֻĶɵˣӴĺڰħǱյһ㲻ʣ
˵ҰֻһƬӰ̫ʧʱһҲߵƬľͷռںʼӿһ˿΢ĹҲʧˣһƬڰӵҹһҲֻܿʵһƬӰ
һڴ˵صǰ߻ǽǰ˫һʵ޹ֺһʣҹռǰһһʳǵľ
һüͷ룬ʵǻܼ𣿡
ţ˻еþȻԣ֮ǰûüֽ֣ء
Ҳû⣿°һһ˵
ûǰһƬïܵɭ֣ǰҲղȥڽȥʡ˷ʱ䡣˫˵
Ȼû⣬ǽǰɣ˵ز˾ȥ;ȥҪȻ鷳ʹˡһ˵
˵һ£ʼǰУΪ˱ûǻ»⽫е鶼˹Ƕ֪ǰǱʬӸ߼飬ı
ſҶϤϤһ·һܾ﷢ëȻĸоҲֻƺҲܲ
һҾЩ̫Ծûиеƺ۾ڶƵġ˫һ˵
ҲָоǾĸ֪ȴǳңһӾụ̂һ־ȫǻһЦ֪˲ָ־壬ɣѪȣɱȵȡ
зëһֻСֽץסһůĴ֡
ʱڱԵĻͻȻһŭ𣬻ȵĻ𼸳߸ߣһʥԱߵһò
ʱ˲ŷֻϲżִֵ٣ת˲仯Ϊ˻ҽŻ죬һӿ˻빥ĴϾȻ͹ֳ١ʥʱȻһŲӰ֮У֨һʹļȻǱʥˡ
ʲôºȻʵ
û´ӦеһһǻۣѾ֮Сһٹ˼óƯڿ֪ߵЩкܾܿĴڡ
ٻжֻдԵдΪеǲܹٻġһʱԿ϶ռˣһǰֲĴͷħǾβˡ
һ˦˦ͷǰΣûأôԶ
ʱԶðһ⣬żûϢ
£ǸղϮʥ𲻹Էٻ֮Ҳε꣬һմϱ˺ȥһµСְο
ΪԤһпɳ֮һʼնΧһеľ֪ʲôΪ֪ŸСĽ
н˴ʮ·һֻǰӰζ˷Բʮѿһʮȴһϵֻ۾ɢұĺ⡣
ϴǱΧˡţִþ˷ܵתѪȵɱ
һһۣͷţΧ˾Ȼô˷ܣĹһöӡ
һʼʥӦǾģһʶ뷢
û֮񣬻ĹǿҲǲСģֻһ޺Ȼʹʥǹһɨܣȵĸ½ȼռƺʡ
Щƺ׼ֻʮλλ󷨴˳޴Ȼըһһصֵס˻ʥס˻޷
ʮס֮Ѫɫͫĺâǧ۳һһϮ
ʱһɵĺסˣ⺮תţγһ޴Уȴ˫ʩų񼶷֮ڡ
죬Ѫɫ֮ϣһһʼȥҽŻΪɢ
ԶԶһ˵˫ı֮ȴǳŲ˶ˡ
֮ǰɣһǰһʥħѧԺʱصŮʥӡ֮ڵ͸Լ
õģֵû취ˣ˫׼ǿĹħһӿռָз˫˵


360 򣬺龧


ӡű֮ڵӨתӴˮϵħԪӿ˫ı֮ʧһɲǣзӡı֮˲γɣ˫з
˫߾ٱȣٱպŻɬȿʼɢҫ۵⣬еˮϵħԪطۡ
ռ䣬еħԪҲԺڰħԪؾӶ࣬ħԪزϡʩһ񼶹ħǿʵֵģֻʱҪøһЩѡ
оѹȣǿʼĹͬʱǵؽԲʮ׵ĿռһͼħԪصľۼ
һı֮ڱǷӡģֱʩŵҪһأû֧żӱƺҪʧˡЩٽżһ񼶵ĹħҪħԪؿ϶Ǻģ˫ħƺһξ롣
ţЩ١һȵ
ţӦһɽһ˫ִþųſеȥһɳİСĿռﵴþɢ̲ҲҵĹâ
һ̣һ¶ЩˣֻţüĿ״ɱ񣬼ֱתþβɲǼ䱩ʮÿγһС
һ죬Ϊ֮㸲ʮ׺ԳƵ𶯣ţڵһ˵ϣ˶֮С
еֹͣ˲Ȼ꼸죬ţеĵطѿһӣȻΪģ״ѸӣŻһʼ
˫еԽԽ죬еıҲԽԽʱһı֮ҲʼɢĹȴȻԴԴϡ
ҪĹͷ˫ȻӨת˫һˮ򡣡
ֻһ˫ıϳ𣬶ϢʧˣȴƺʲôıҲûС
ʱһı֮ȫ飬ĹҲͬһʱȻֹ
˫ˮʲôħôʲôҲоһʵ˳ָȥ˫ͷð㺹
˫΢΢һ죬ȴû㣬ˮ񼶹ֻҪɹˣôڵһҿơ
ôŰⲻ˵ҪɱҲһ練ơһе
˫һһۣЦҲΪҾɱ𣿡
һȷʵҪ򲻹˫ﵽ񾳽ʵЩ̬˫ֻռħҪȷ˵Ļǲһѡ
Ҵ򲻹㣬ҪɱҵĻҲסһ˵
˫΢΢һЦһĿᣬɵӣԼʵǿôأʣԽֻʱ⡣
һ˫Ŀж˼ЩСϵĵ⣬ʵǿԼŮ
˫㣬ǲҪɱЩ¼һ˫üȥ²ζæʵ
˫ͷֻűȵСһӣһӨռͻȻԴСıſһƬźϮˣɱѩأŴѩХеʼɪɪƵԭתȦ
⻹ֻ꣬ͻȻѿһӣˮƺӾһй£ʮ׸ߵľˡ
ʱţ˳Դκģ˾ɴһ۴ѯӦô죿
һҲӺȻ˫ȻӦòʲô⣬ȻˮⷽԲʮ״ײұһ㵹ȥˮããһƬˮγпʼǽнɱ
ǺܿͨƬˣ֪ǰʲôĹ˵
һǰ»ɣʱָûӦأ
һţͻȻԺһ˫ȥЩ
˫ûΪʲôСһΣӿĴˮʧӰˣʱ룬ʣµҲֻаˡ
һǻ۵ģƬʮа˾һʹͨ־пƶеڻͨǲѴ֮һʵ뷨пգȻǻ۵ȴǼеǻ۵һҲܵ߼˼
һ뷨һ˵˫˫һȻҲ뵽һеķ˫ܿҵ˲ڶмû뵽ȻֻһӣǵĹ˼άΪȻҪߴȴȴУҸûκιΨһƿ¾ӵмߵǻۣ˫Ľ̸ҴĶԿ߱ߵǻӵе߼˼
˫ˮ֮Уûѡ񣬹ԹԵشӦڻͨء
ռ׾˷һʱ䣬̴ߴʹǧڻǰ
һĨʵĺӰһʶΣСӣĻˡ
һĲһָͣܿԭϼһûģûΣյʱ򲻼һ£ڳ
ӰЦСӣ㻹Σնһ˵ǿҲǻֻͨԼ˫ֽܲϽ
һʼ磬Ȼ֪Ҳٷʵղ˵ҵĻˣν⣿
㿴˰ɣк龧ǣ֮ɱȡӰĥЦ
һһʵҪǺ龧кã˵һһͣϲģ㻹ݶǲҲңûüֵһ³ǰɣ
ӰĬһЦֻ໥öѣ˵ǻˣԴ˸ȻᲢۡ
һЦЦ̫ܲصĺӰȴоûж⣬Ҳ޿ɺǣϾȹԼüΣĻԼûˡ
ˣ㣬˵˵Ǻ龧ʲôðɡһʵ
龧ǿǿĶÿڶⶫģǳòʵܸһǻҲӰЦ
һһȷʵǸûᣬʵһȼĻ֪ʲôӣʵ൱SSĳħˣٽһǲҪﵽSSSħ޵ĳ̶ȣǻ˵Լơ
Ǻã龧Ҫˡһ䣬Ц쳣á


361 ˴


Լһ֮ڻ£һһ˺ܿ촩ƬɲͬصأоȻӥڽϲĶ֮ʵݡһ˳һ麹ҲǲЩȻʮֲֿǻȴǷȱ˵еһ㲻⵽Ĺ
ܲ˵һǺ˵ģڻƾҪӲĻ̫ܣ˵ռɵӰ죬еǧֻϺüΣеʱԶʵҪõöࡣ
ڻһһ˴ӥʱȴôҲǰˡ˫ѯΪʲôʱشǰͷħأֲżߵǻۣǵСϷƭ飬ҪŪͷħѰ·
һ˵ǰͷħأһʱ﷢࣬ռ仹ǽĶˣٻжͷħȫǹ룬ħߣһϢȽ仹Ҫ֣ʮ˸ǰҲֺãƾǼôȥ
һ˵ˡǷǰɡ˫תһ˵
ʱһ޹֮ңֲϹȥʱ
ţΪʲôҪţһٺһЦ㽫ӵﳶһ׼õѹȽڣȻ󳯿һס
ֻһ֣ҽж㱻ըƬһɢźâľƮڿУһһץ
ôɱĻҶһɢӰˡ
һ㡭˫һһʱ˵ͬ˫ѯʶĺı顣
ôҡҺܲ𣿡һµı飬˵ѵüȥˡȻǰô
һΪڵĺɫ𣿡˫ʵ
һͷҪⶫ
ţֻ֣ȻҪĶɱҲɱˡ˫˵кβףɱʱҲӲһüͷοΪе
һ°ɣǰͷħһˣҲѹһһ˿˵ֱһ»᷽ʼӪˡ
˰죬ʼߵһĺ棬ЩίʵҵֻϾҲǣ˵ҲûˣΪʲôҪɱ
һ̶áתͷε££һʴȵⱾǺ£ҲҪʲô󣬷ʲôϣǰǣԸ𣿲ǣΪСƷǶѳǵķˡҪڵغ龧ǣôͱռĶ㲻ֶҲҪõ谭Ķ㲻ȷҲҪΪκβȷضΪǴ֣֮ķܹǵȻãû˲ϣõԼŮ˵⣬㲻Ҳûа취Ҿһˣ㻹еѡ񡣡
һһͷ·㶵£ҲƣѾͷʲôã̫ǹϵħʦ˹ֹսԿóֻԸ˲̫ʺ̫ƽʢĻԿǧ
һ˵û۹عǿʳӦᣬһζʱܳΪ˫Աߴ˹
»һ𣬵һҲ˵籾ǿʳģµ۹ǿ۹۸Ҫ̲𣿿ɱһҪɱǵͲʲôԼôΪԼֵòأ
ԭϲܴһµǲҸģҿǳֿΪá˫Ҳ񣬵һ仰
㡭Ȼתͷȴֻ°ƮƮıӰ仰һ˫һ
ҪֿŲóأ˭˵ԭһˣɱ˸Ҳûʲô૵˶ЩĻŵһ
һ˫µ󵭵ЦЦȿʼڤ֮У˭֪˻ɳЩʲôء
½һ񣬼һȰڴϣħƷһЩڰϢ鼮
ҡҴˣ˺𣿡ߵһĴߣЩ˵
һ΢΢ƿоٻÿŵߵλãûдģֻǹͬˣȻǱ˴˶ͬԷĹû˭˭֣֮òŵǸ
ϴһֱ۰뿿ĻҪǸΪҵĹֻǴģ绹û̫ƽ֮ǰҲǴģҸղžȻ㣬϶ѹ
һе飬£һԺḧţˣ
š±һĴһ岻ɻ˹ȥסһ촽
Ĵӣͷ֪ƣϷˣţһצѲʼįر·Ϯ꣬ץʮ˰ַϤʹ
µĽһŤӭһ㴽ƴ˱ƺΨſȵһЩ
ͣͣ°ɣҶҪˡ³һͷꡣ˿һ
һ㶣ʼȻٺٻЦżӿ˫ȼָɡЦء
±Ѵﵽ߳ٽ㣬һôһŪɸͲ˼£ͻȻ˫Ƚű촽΢ŷһƳļУɹ˽һĴϡ
һ̾Ϣȫһ̱һĻУڿƮƮģϾĵĳΡ
һɴཫ°һֻСԼҲѵþ⣬˳رһûĸоǳϲḧ¹ĺ󱳡ȴ͵÷ֱۣ뷭۳ҡ
ã´Ӹ߳лع񣬵ͷһһŭڵСֵܡɰզ̧࣬ͷһЩʹı飬һʹЩ㺹С֣һסһ̵Сֵܣҧ´ҪҰɣ˼ҡ˼һûأ
һһѩ׵ƨһģʱһˣЦС㻹ΣյʱʱҪغأ
ǡӦôŻܵ㡣¾һܵĽӴǴࡣ
һźϵӣС죬ɫĴϽպϼ侹ôˣԺҲ˲һаͷ
취ȻУԸ𣿡һһ˵ţһµС»ƺģºܿԾС֡
Ը⡭ʲôҶԸ⡣һСֵܣѾˣʲôԸأ
һٺЦЦʼڻˡ
³ԾŴֽͣܿϣͨҪһ㡣ôҲ벻Ǹ
ԸǾ˰ɡһװ˵
ǣҡԸ⡣Щҵ˵
һȼ䣬ѩ׵θ߸𣬶Դȥ
һˬִ治ʱʱܵģȻµؼɬɬĸоΪǹ̻ʥŮݣѪҲ͸ӷ
һ˫ɰµ㷢ܿøҲӾǿҡ
Сʱµ沿ͷЩˣһʼоСֵһǿҵ飬ű㿪ʼˡ
һУٴӵ˴ϡ
ίˡһоЩǷ
һҡҡΪҿ㣬ҾúҸָоҾͦõġ˵գ½ͷһĻУҲ̧ˡ
һЦЦֻḧŻ˶Ϊղˣºܿ硣
˯ðȣ˫ɾûôùˣȻһû꣬ǸоȴҲ˶١һ֮ҲйƵľˣ糱ĿиҲЪֹסҪƲסʱֻεؽԼʶʶ
ʱһĨĺӰһʶ֮С


362 ͷħ


һĵش´˯Ҵñӣ֮С
ϲģû͵һʵ
ҿҲûʱ䣬Ѱ׻ʲôÿģ˳ۡӰЦ
˵ĹĪǱһٺЦʡ
ʲôӰӵɤʵ
˺ǸһֵֹЦƺ϶ڵϼһǴӶϱɽģҪȻôŮ֮һȤûУֻ̫ˣҲ
˺ˣҪҲŮˡٷϻˣ㵽벻õʵӰ˵һ룬Щ̫Ȼת˻⡣
Ȼ룬ôðɡһæǰиͷħأʱʵǿһ־Ͷһϣ
ںӰָ£һʩųһٽʮ˾߳ٻ
ʮ˾߳óģʮ߾ûкܴķչռ䣬罫ڰȫһںͣǰһġӰ˵
ʮ˾߳ںͳһߣһԥһ£ʮ˾߳øôãܳĶûʶģһʱЩá
оһе뷨ӰЩЦûʶģ˵Ҳûʧֻںһγһѡ
һͷϼһ˵ҲеֻϵһֶѣͨһҲԥͬ⽫ʮ˾߳ں͡
ҽڰ֮ⷨǺѣƾڵĺڰħֻҪĵĻȫԳɹӰ˵꣬һԺһǣһЩϢԴԴϵ˽ԭӰֱͨӽ֮ӽһļ֮Уڴ֮ӰʱһϢʧˡ
һĬźӰķȻ˫ĺâתһ˫һָʮ߾߳ɲʱʼΧתٶԽԽ죬
ʱһӿռָڽ龧ͳһָһ˺龧档龧ֱֱͣͷ֮ϣʼʮ߾߳õתת
أԽԽŨʮ˾߳ȫ֣γһ޴ĺɫУϿյĺ龧ʼήСֱʧ
һȫҲǺɬһʼûмϹ˫ֲʱش
Ŷʱһеջպͣ۾գҲգضŻתĺɫС
ʱڵûɵĿ̧ͷȥɼһ̫Ӱ
ûмһæѰңҹĲ࣬һҲ뿪һߡ
һ˫ҲôŮһӣһ죬Щĸо
һأû𣿡˫˶񣬵ʵ
һһҲعһһûҲ֪ȥˡ
˫üþ֪һ£ԶнħЯַ˹ȥ
һµǺڰ磬ռﱾǻɵģһЩطӰһµĽһһƬϸ鿴濴
棬Ӧʲô飬Ǿɡ˫˵ˮһ˿ġ
ʱĺɫпʼֹͣתԽԽСŨصĺϣźϡ¶ʵӰӣɼһһҪһͷִѪĺӰӦںʮ߾߳龧ǵˡ
ȫɢȥʼ¶ԭΣһسһǰߣһͷڷĹʻѾȫżĹֵı϶˰˸ִֺڵĹǴ̣ĸĸģǰͺͺͷ϶γһĹͷȻڶۿﲻʱкâ˸
ִŵִ˽һҲ֣׶ǷȺɫɢұĹΣһһܸϵ˵ĺһ˷ܵıɢӴĺڰϢˣǰȫһһءʱһȴһ亹뵽ʱѣ޷ơ
硣ʱʺ
ڵĸоΣһعʵľѳۣôأ
оأش
ϴԺ㷲¶ҵģϴʲô͵ʲô𣿡һ̾һһ˵ϲֳ
ϴ󡭡¶ϴģϴʲôʲôǱƵĵø
һһתĪǸոγʶһŰֽԼۻʲôͳʲôһˣһֳһЩԼ˼룬ҪıҪԼƴӣκ顣
һд󹦸ɣһںܷ֮ӳһ˽磬ŷֽ˫ţȺš
ˡõسһȥܵһ룬һ߸ߴˢһһǰ棬ڶۿɢŶǵĺâ
һһʶضһʥȥ
͵ĹסȴκηӦֻϺڹһɫʥɢӰˡ
Ժüס˶ϴҪˣԴǾͬԴһ𣿡һͷ˵̵
ͷ꿦£ȻԾߵһҺ󷽣ͬʱ˫˺ãŪ
һʶˣ߼˼ˣ˫ʵʶ˼ʱƺ߱˼Ȼֻͯĳ̶ȡ
ú龧ǻʮ߾߳һΪڰħںһ𣬾һΪ˵
ǣô˼أЩš
½пܣȥǿĹǿһһЦ
ɣ˵ͷħ̫ˣӥأĹҪǿڽ䣬һô죿˫æͣ
һһԴֹǵͷˣڽĹʹٷְٻᾪͷħԼ˲ԶӥʱܵУҲùҡ
̸һ֮һȫϢͷħءűԵ·ȥȥû˱㷢ǰһƬСɽȣСɽϡϡĺɫֲһĲ֫ϺɽԵԽɭ
Ŀޣһ˿òԶҲ֪СɽȲ֣˵һ̤ͷħǵĴڣķӦƲͷħпֲĸ֪
Ҫȥ𣿡˫ʵʶأһΪĹˣǾ߶ģţ˵ˡ
ǻ·𣿽ȥɣǻƴһƴһʼ磬һɵӣ˭֪нŵؿʼء
ŵ˵ͷ̤һɭɽСһ·Ԥͷħûдûиеһ˿Ĳ޵⣬һƬ
ͷħû˶и񾭷øԽǰԽҪСͷħСġʱһͻȻһǰһ޴ĺӰסȥ·̽ս״̬˫¶
ͣ£ͣ£Щ̫Ծͷħǲǹˣһͣ£ǰһ³ǽһɽеľ޴һ޴ͷ­һԣֻ۾ȫպˡ
Ϣʱ˹
ϢҲһ˷Ϣشռ䡣
ǲ˯͵͵ȥɡ˵
д⣬ǴϷɹȥһЦ
һץסţץסŮһͬͬһʱ仯ΪһӰͷħϷȥ
ֻǣһͷħϷͷһ¿ǽ˵ŷ˻ȥ
ʱͷħҲ۾ȴֻмһͷͷֻ۾Ȼš
𡭡ͷħ־պڰʱ˽ɴŭʱһŭ
ŭмǿѹȣȻƵȥ
ʱͷħһţһϢƬأŻصһϮ˹ٶȼޱȣһһɲ˱֮ڣ˫Ҳʩŷӡڵķħ
һеķħ֫飬סͷħһϢ˽ɫףҪ֪֮ڿ񼶷ħɷµκħ˫ʩ˷ӡڵ񼶷ټ´޼ŪıŵסͷħһϢ޻˵⻹ֻһͷţҪͷȫѹǻԼɱñȽ
һ˾ȻסԼϢͷħǱŭѣǽϢ˹
һѪӿҧҧȫת˫һǱһȴΪһƬӰâһϢײȥ
һƣȻɹ˵һϢֻӭ˵ڶȴЩĵƵֱˣǡʱһϵȫһȥĺ֮µ˵ڶֹˣһɢĩȫҲܿϢ
ϴ󣬰ţ㡣ţһһθܵþзս⡣
þĩ֮ǰһ˲ʮһĨӰϢһ֮ŽϢˡ
ֻǻûһһ;кӰŴ󣬽ſѪöȫɢһ㡣
ţ£һ˹ȥһûлȥȴһָͷҲûˣȫµĹһ㣬ʹΡִվȻûʲôսˡ
ʱ˫´ǿҵĳ޿ʼʩǵħˡֻǣʵĲ಻ǳܹڸǵģͷħܲã˫ִ֮ʩųĽ˵ƺ͸Ƶġ
˱̬ħ˫µһ˿Ҳݿˣǲٹֻܻصһһץһֻ֣ͬͬ
ͷͷħһݺݵȴֻʱоڰԪռֻ޼飬ոͷħϿշɹʱֻһûᣬǷųҲ棬лԵؼա
ȵȡһԺһʶؿϵ


363 ٻĸ


һȻ˵ħɭϵĸԼӡ˴˵Σʱ̿ٻæ
ǻƽʥڰħӽµĺͬʱӵʣֻǰյʱʵܻԶͷħĶ֣⼸ʵ٣ͷħҲúܣʵ峤ϣٻ
ֻǴʱݲһ룬ͷħһ²һݣʲôطҲ˵
һĬмӡĴֻһ⣬һӴ䴫ͷħܵˣѿڵϢȥֻ˶۽һϵ
ڵϣγһħ󣬽ŹâͣһӰΡ
㣬ȵҡ˫ʱһ˳ӰԱ߶һԲԲ
ȥħҲɢȥˡʱӰ¶Ŀֻһ԰ĸΣһдĽۼ׽Ůķ͹ɣһͷɫس̳һ١µһһȴ֮฽Ȼⲻһֿװʣһع°ĸֻ˭أ
סףôˣͷȻûʲôı䣬ԲһӸһֳĴ룬ϸСһת㿴ڵϰһع˹ȥ
ôͷĹģͷһף˫ʯˡ
ͷԶӣ䣬ȫɢˡһȫҲֻܶˡͷһʹ
һ˿ɻͷħţͷħȻ¶˼̬ٳûз
Ρعһǰϸۼ׵һؿڣһȵһѭֻܺصڣһپʹ࣬ȻȻʹƺԶˡ
һ˫Ĳʣŵ϶صָ˸߲ŵĴͷЦ겻ԽԽƯˡ
һ˿˫˵챣ס컬࣬겻Ů˵ӵͦ졣
һٺЦȴǣϵ˿ڣǳ鴤˵ҿֵܡǴһɾͽˡ
û˵ţѹȻתͷҲĶ֣ҸоƺеԨԴ
һͷŲµˣüȥ춼֣ûйϵйˡ
ŭһָͻȻ䳤⣬һĴϺݺһ¡
һʱʹһæתƻˣҴˣȻͷħЩԨԴɲԷǹȥ
ʱһͻȻһͣͷħһϢ˹ȻҲӴѹѸתֻСֻצڹӭȥϢ
ʱͷħĴ￪ʼռغڰħԪضʼ
ħҪһ˷ۣϢֻƽĹǿĹĪħԼǿһţǱͷħһħβŪð
ڿնϺڽâһεεĿ˶һ»Ϊʮ׳ľɫƬһ˿˿ĽɫɷƯ
ҲźħһʱӿŨصĺڰħԪطšһɫ׵ֱֹǿħײһʲôѧӦأԼӿɾˡ
աղλǴ˵е𣿡ȻЩš
ӦǰɣĸءһЦ˵
ʱͷħħѾγɣɫľɽسſеϮȥγСɽϵĹһɫһɫģŻӭȥ
һضɽҡӴףڽâ˷һȻҲڷΧ֮ڡ˫ʩų˸ԵķħֵסҲþ°ɡ
ɾʱһߵĴͷͻȻαͣſѪ죬ЩϮĺڽâʯһ㱻ڣһ㶼û˷ѡ
óԡĩˣͷ£¶һĩı顣


364 


һһ֪ͷҳԶĻϰߣȴôҲ벻ǿĹħҲܵζ̽ȥϻʲôܳԵһѳĹ̥
壡Ȼ壡ͷħ𾪵ؿԣ϶ɳƣһĿƷ˾һ㶢εĴͷ
壿ʲôһֵͷħӣӦǷǳϡʰɡ
ʱɵ·˻Ӵվһߣ֪ոͷħʵϷˮˣҪȻûôùˣȻûҪҲûҪˣ˵ʵڵģϲ塣
СѾͷȻлƽʥѪҲǺڰħĺᣬұҲΪˡͷħϵ˵ֻ۾Ȼͣڴͷϡ
лǰ֪ǰǷҲںڰħһ塣°ֳصɫ
ͷħӴͷתƵϣ̾һڰħһϻҶ𡣡
ֹˣһҲκ˵ͷħǺڰħһڡ
°ЩʧˣǺܿȶ飬Ϊͷħһ仰ϴϢûἰԴ
ʲô֤֤Ǻڰħһ𣿡侲ʵ
ͷħɳƵЦɳĮĲмͷֻ˶Ⱪ䣬ͬʱֻԼʶһһƬհסͻȻ䣬һĨĺâʶγһصͼ
ħӡһħӡǺڰħһ峤ı־кڰħᾫĹǣͷħһصڣ峤
ͷħ˵ͷĿٴתһߵĴͷͷ̾벻Һڰħһ徹Ȼ壬ңˡ
ҵܴܵС㲻̫һʲô
˼ӵ壬Լʵ꣬һۡҲҪֻ֣ӵĳɳʮһǧ껯ΪΣȴҪ꣬ûг֮ǰ޶ȵģӴħ糬ĳܷΧȫըͷħ˵
ڣҲκ˺ҵܵܵġᶨ˵û뵽ܵܵĳɳھµȵ꣬ԼѻΪһѿݹ˰ɡ
˺ڰħƽʥ֮ݲɣرǻƽʥЩխļһŹǣƾʵԶԶЩϼһĶ֣ʲôĵܵܣͷħȻĺʮһԴ˵
Ҿ鷢ģҧгݵԻƽʥޱȳޣΪĸ𣬵֪ƾʵҲ˳ģ˵ܾܵȻǿһۡ࿹壬ˣǿԱֻЩǣȵ֮󣬵ЩȺһҵŶʱˣѵȥǵĺ
룬һҧծӳƽʥһҵʹĥҪǻƽʥջֻҪǻƽʥôһҵĵˡ
һʱо࣬˼ؿͷħͻȻǺЦһֱⴾյʲôɸ˵Ŀİɡ
ͷħһ࣬аֹĽթ鴫ˡ
һ취ܼܵٳɳǧﵽ״̬ͷħĿתƵ˵
¶˾ϲ飬תûдһ˿䱸ȻмǷ
ͷħЦ˵ûа׳ԵͣȻҵܵ˵㻵£Ǿ̳ҵ²
⡭ϲЩ֪ˣҲĺ£Ҳ
˵ɣ˵²ָ̳ǰְ𣬶ǰǺڰ֮ħӴԺܱܵҪһػںڰ֮ߡͷħȻ˵ըԵϢֱһŪͷʣ˭Ҳ벻еͷħȻǺڰ֮ħ衣
ͷħû˵ľԹԵ˵Ļƽʥ֧Ķǹ񣬹ѡһȴƫ̻һ֧ƽʥ䣬ǸļһŹĳ谮ϰңȴװ֪ҲˣƫƫϾɱͶ·֮±һͶڰ֮ǺڰħΪħӣΪΣݶҼ壬ֱ
ͷħ˵Ȼֹþ۾ļĪǻ⾪أһ̧ͷȴͷħŴһ㵣òźظƽɫŵֱһսս׹磬ʮ֮߳Ļǽûɢģ
սеƻõӰͷڣһţͻȻԼʶһĨӰ
ϼһ֪ս𣿡һʵ
֪Ӱܸɴػش𣬶˶٣˵һ£ոͷħ˵Ǻڰ֮ħϵĺڰħֻڰ׵ϻǲҲڰ֮йϵ
԰һһֱΪڰ֮ħСϻСѲ˸ϵҪȻôڰħôĻѧӦ
һ˼ţϸϸͷħ˵Ļ˵Ļʮ֮߳⣬һһ󵨵뷨γ
ʱڼ֮ӦͷħҪ
ͷħϲеľסһߵĴͷʶһֵͼģħӡ࣬ͼͷΪһڰ֮ħ޷ıˡ
ͷħҪȡĹԼһĺڰȫͷڵʱһͻȻеȵȡ
һͻأĽ˵Ŀⶼһһ˻飬ͻȻӿռָɢŨīɫâĺڰħ񣬲СϻСٻ˳ȻԳΪڰ֮ħ裬ǿʶǡ
ͷħӴһת¶ϲֹ飬Ʈڿеĺڰħ߹ͷ­
ľԴ֪ˣһʼóڰħ񲻾ʲô¶û𣿡һԴƺڤڤ䶼עˣĻĸӴͷأô֪ôأҴͷҲûԵĳɳڣҳΪڰ֮һħˡ


365 ħ


ͷħʣĿоȻ˵еĺڰ֮мĸ顣
ʱСϻСͻȻУһܸܵĪ˸
ͷħ̧ͷСĿӵ飬ϲбҲңвɺڰ֮ıӣڹΪʱܻع
Ȼһ˻ԺһĪղŵĲ²ģСͷħߵĻǣ
ʱȴݲһٶ룬Ϊͷħˣȫڴͷϣһţһ൱˵ԴСĺɫͷħĿŴͷȥ
ͷȴ߲壬һţɫ屻¡һȥֻ黹ûӱȻһ䣬ԲڵʹĴŹ
סףңѹͷ۵ŲѣǼģᣬţһˣο֮뿪ʣ´ͷħ
İɣûµġͷħһĿɲǼࡣ
ͷȻʹ಻Ĵһһή٣Ȼھ˵ĥ˿˿ĺӴͷȫʱͷħĿȻڿеĺڰħ񣬲شһˣħȥˡ˵գͷħͻȻһӰѸײ֮û˴ͷڣͷħмͷ­ȴĿҲպˣһû
𡭡ͷȻһﾹȻһ
һüͷһ壬૵壿ϼһʲôİɡһʱЩˣ𵱳ҲǸ⸱֮ϣȻǱˣͷħһаɡ
һѹеĵģȿ˵
ͷʹغ˫ĿͻȻһâѪһţȻСϻС
СֵسЩ̻̲һһ׵һһ򲻶ϵŻŵС˫ȴɢĴͷҿ϶ʱĴͷѾͷħˡ
ͻȻеĺڰħ΢΢Сֵıƽ徹ЩŤ
СϻƤɶˣôһСͰһ
ֻСϻСۣߺɫԼʲǺɫƤëسһ㡣
Ȼͷϵ˲ǿСϻǰߺɫ岨øңɲǼ䣬ʼСϻ壬ͬƤһ㣬ĲֵɫȴСϻһߵİɫ졣
৵һСϻϵĺɫȫͷ˶ʱСϻȻȫ˴ɫ֮ǰĺҲúһһģһˣҲû˺ڰϢֻŨĹϢ
СƺǳƣһʾصڰԪռϢһǶ˵˻ȥ
ͷԲһҲ֮û˶ʱгһĨͷħӰ
ڽˣǰǳڣԱ㣬Ǹõž⴦áϵ˷ڿлصſеӰɢջΪΡ
һţ˶һۣ˴һû뵽ȻĽ
ƺ˯ȥĴͷǰ°ԳһĨ飬Ҫͷȴֵ鷢ˣͷϾȻðһâ˿
ҪȥڿںͷħĴиĶһ˵
Ҫȵʲôʱ򣿡޵ĵ˵ܵܿܶ˭Įĵġ
֪Լɡһʼ磬˫Ŀض˲ԶͷħӴͷħҲ֪˶ˣһɶǱǣƤѪһ޼֮
ôЦô⣬ǲڴʲô⡣¼һı飬ᴷһȭЦʵ˿ûвȻǳá
˵Ǵ𣿰˽׵ľҸж֣ӵǶԲ˼ҡһҡͷԵ̾
һһȻϲַ£ҺڰħһȣҲ㶯
˵ĸղ㲻˵Ǵ֮󻹿츣ˣγһһһ˵
֮ҽж˿ô룿ݺʵ
һһ㶣ʧЦٺЦĻʲô˵֮õĻҲ㽫Ҵж顣һ˵仰ʱĿƵó档
һͣ΢ƲͷȴҲ֪ԼΪʲôҪĿ⡣
һһ̣һĨ΢ЦȻĸǱҵϼ޻㻹˵㰡
ţŸʲôˡһһţļ˻ųͷħӴ߳
ͷħȫӴĺڰħһеĪͷϵֻˣΪǺڰħ̺١һһֱûʺԼܹƳǾòˣֻǲ֪½˭ܶͷħǣ壿Щȴû˵ʲôߵĲһ
Ҫͷħ˫֪ʱһߣʵ
ţֻǲõģȴûкʵȥ졣һ˫ܲ͸벢֣Ͼ֮Ӧ
˵ҿ԰أ˫Ữһ£Щһֱǰĩģһʱһǧ
˺üһŻعЦЦ̫ˣսòŶ֣һЦõ˾˫ֽеͶǻ񰡡
ҲЦ˿˵ҴӴֻһЦ˫΢Ũû㺲һϡ
һϲ嶯֮ץס˫С֣˫ץţ˵۵ģµĴ⣬ܹ䣬ıƻĿ˵ա
˫ղ˵԰ңѵ֮𣿡һһ˫һµģ˭Ҳˡ
ѧһЩҪͷħǣصʥǲУҪһЩİ˫˵
һͷҲûڵʧ֮Ƕˣʲô˫Ȼ˵һаЩڡʱͻȻڵĺӰϼһҲҪصʧ֮ǵĺڰռ䣬Ǳǳʥһ˰ɡ
š˫Ӧһ续ļ磬ȴǧһѷ档


366 ܱܵ


һţ˾ò׽ͷħõĶȫȡħֻһŰ׳ƤħһѪһζûУͷħѪܼήòӣӲޱȣһֻħʬ
Ǵͷħȡöһ;òðΣմ˵ӵӴڰħ׳Ƥһ鶼ֵǣڰħķñֶ̬޷ȻƤħȻ˾Ƥһʮֵһһ⿪ģ֪жôļӲ
һţûЪͣһ£۵øƵģǿ˶ĳɹҲֵ˫˫ͣ붨ϢԴƣȻռѴһؿȥˣռ仹ʲô޷Ԥģ˵иӴΣǰţһȻܹġ
һţϢʱ򣬳˯Ĵͷȴ˹ƺһҲûиı䣬ϵɢ
ܵܣˣûоﲻһֱŴͷôͷæĵʵ
ͷŤŤû£㡣ղĺʹŶ
ͷˣûˡǻȥɡ
ͷϸСԶϢһ㣬Һ븸ףҪ
һûɵسһĴףֻܵܺһʮ죬ĶӣҶȶԼף⼸ڶ߲ϵһ䶼ˣֶʼ
һ˻ȥˡ˵
㡭ͷɵͻȻֵǽһȥɣ㸸Щٻòã
һʱ̣˴ͷһﵽû㡣һȥԺ󶼱ˡ
㡭ͷίűŭƽʱԼؽô
ʱ˫˹˵һڻûѣҪҲõѹ
ȻˣǾ͵ѹɡȻҧгݣһɾͲôˡ
ĸʱϢϵһ붨һƣ;ȥˬ
ʲôǾҪȥһʵһͷƨƨߵܹ״
ҵѾˣȻӦˡ˵ôͷһ𣬿ܾܵͲǺڰ֮ħһħˡ
˭˵ˣ˵ٻæûй涨ʱްɣڻ֮ڣΣܲʺһӰɡһٺЦ
һһˣթҲˣȻ˵ôģָצһĲץȥõõһɱڵצ
۵һצ޹˫񵭵ջʩųֵɫˮĻ
˺ˣҲԣ͵ҷƨɣǰĩ֪֮ҿɼذһЦŵǸ
һǽܣ´ͷԻȥģСˡ
Ȼ㶨һУ˶һҲԸطȥˣʮʳ࣬ԵҲôǰ
װʼųǰãһӡŵؽ磬ǿȱĩ֪ȵ׵ֻ߲͡
ѵҪһϼʱΪƳһʱͷһ˳һںɫϢ˽磬ֻ˻Σ羵ˮ°ˡ
ҿԶӣŰһԲĴͷһ¡ͷһĽͣŤõЦЦʮ
ЦЦţͷԲֵӶһһ֮»ΪЦǺˣæ¡
һĿɾĳ⣬ͷͻȻһˣðĺһ˶ɵˡ
ܾɵϴƻûлع񡣵ʱȴʼɢȥǰؾһ˵Ӷ
ͷˣһϵһֻԼʮֳཱུССҲԻŤŤ۵ʵףôˣ
һشһԵһѽһеĴͷץ˹ȥȥ˿ڱģˡ˶٣ͻȻؼһ͵ôܵô䡭ˡ


367 ô󣬺ð


һһظһĩ˵Ǿ仰һ֪ν
ܱܵãѲҶĸģûиһŵŴʵ
ǲŪҲû뵽عګګ
ôģҿһ˵Ŵչͷȥ
ɫǣҺԶһ㡣һƿһͷ뻳У±һռȥ˱ˡ
һʼ磬ɻʵǲ֪ҲͰˣľȻ֪ͷԱǲ˵ȥ
ŵ΢΢һ죬֪ʱ㳤Ա𣬵˵һǵܵܣҾһֱǵܵˡ
һ̲סЦԭͷԱǲµģҲ̫˰ɡ
㣬ſҰҿҪˡʱͷŬشʵظһԴһƵӡ
һ˱ӣôͷñŸʵ䣬Ǿʮֹ죬̲סЦ
һЦı飬һֱ۷˵㣬ǴͷȴûһԾһؿڣתͷЦ㱧ûиױؿĶұˡ
꣬һЦ˫Ҳ͵Цֻвţһɻ󣬲ϴʹɩΪηЦ
ظӻɽҪˡ
һ״æסЦݣĸɲģؿڴͷ˿˿ı۾һܵģͻȻڴͷЩʵˣҪһˣǰʲô֡
һֿ֣ܳڣ϶ǲסڲûȡ˵
ɣֺС˵
ʲôô֣ͽ椰ɣС椶˵òãŮһСͷ
ðð椶С椶˾С椶Ʒλһһڲͬ
ûУ椶˵ԺŮͽ椣С椶һشЦ
֣ʮֲԸһȴǲĻᣬ̤ռ䣬༸Ҳ
һո̤ռ䣬;ǰӻҰɫƬ߶ɫĵоһ£ռӴ󵽺˵ϵħԪؾûϵħԪˣڴ˵׵ϵħ侳±Ȼɡ
ԼأһԼѵһؿ
鰡¾һæĹħ˵ظһȫϸ΢ĵԱԡ
ӦóռɣϵħԪضʵ廯ˡ˫̾һռϵħʦսʿˮϵҲֻħΣտһ׸
һ´ռ䱻ţܼȲʮף̵ӣûˡ
ұɢˣȥǰ濴һһ˵òռ²ôôġ
һǰƵɫظգһüУ׵ǼԵġ
ռãƺûʲôı䣬һʱעȴȫصĸ֪ϣֻǽʶš
ǵģħԪȻҲ⣬һڸ׵ϴʱидرǶ׵ϵħԪظд
һž۾֡ΧԼɫûֵɫԪؾ飬ǿֵΧ質ʾȡ
һԾ΢ЦЩɰԪؾһˣĸо
ôƺһ仯ûУһ˵ǲߴˣ˫ɳʵ
һʧϣûĻȻسǰȥ
ôˣҰ¾ЩԾƵһǰһͼһ˫ۣǴЦɫĹâҫԵ÷ǳ죬ͬаһ㡣
ŵµľ˫ţҲһܵǰһȴǺ޲Ȼǰȥ
ϴϴѡţɤһǰ档
·ˣһǰһţȴسһ߻˹ȥﲻ֪Ǻá
Ǳɣҿƺʶ֮УһԿˡ˫˵ʱǿлһʲôϲĺ
ǣһʶسǰߣ༸˽ŵظԱߡ
һȻͬЩ׵ϵԪؾؽţЩִ˲ƣĸо
СܣҡͻȻһһĶը죬ʶš
ôϤأƺǡǽôˣѵһһӽ֣Ҫ֪ﵽ׳ʲôˡ
ʱһֻʶһһһͬĿռ䣬һСɽѵ顣
һĻƤ˺õòӣദ¶׵ļһǿ׳ߴڷ˺ѣƺѾʧȥǡ
Ҷһ㣬㲻ҡҧź촽һߣûˡ
ҺѣĺѣҰô꣬Ǳûٻųȥˣ֮ǰһҪõ㣬ʹòģҲһҪõˡҶ˫͸죬Ұްҵ˵͵һ˺ؿڵƤףֳͷͬ˿£ĳͳ͵˫Ҫ¶һ鹵׷ˣץסµϵҪ¡
СܣҰ۾۽ǻһξӨ飬һ̣뵽ıһǻЦĿôϣܹˮ֮а
һĻһߣҶǸû뵽Ȼ˱ӣ޲
һҧгݣŴսһѾġ
䣬һֱ۴ֵɫͻȻƫµҶҶʱһܣֱֱȥ
ֻȥʱץŵȴû֣ǽĻ¸һԼѩѩʱ¶ڿ֮Уŷۺӭֻʼͱȴ޸ٿˡ
ۣô󣬺ðסһ̲ס


368 


ѾˣΪһס֮ȴͷ콵׽Լˣѵ۾ȴûзκӰѵΪģ
ô󣬺ðסɻʱͻȻһϤڶ𣬾ԼղŻԼһѵԼ
һſˮǶѩ׵壬˼伫Ʒֱĵеһƴ֪Ѿͷ
һ࿴ʱͻȻǰһ䣬һɫľ޴󹬵ɷд½֣
µͼƣһ̨̨һ׵ĵһ񴸣һơԱһزʵĹƮһɫӡ
˾֮ǰ˿̳һһģһ̳ͬУ˿ǿڻĽҰ⡣
ͻȻ䣬һһģ˿̣ܰôᡭ
ֻԲμ̳ܱİ˸ʯĸʯֱλŮŮԴһߣ֪ǻ
ʱռ˫˶ޱȽŵضһǲͣ仯ɫһŭһЦ⻹ûһֽżӱˣĲȴȻûֹͣ
ȻһؽŲһͣҧгݵر֡
Ӳ֪νȴһȻ˫ĿԭļµĺɫüĿ
ǰɫͻȻһɢˣеһ˳һưؾ޴Ĺ
һָƽɫ˫Ҳ˺ɫһȦеĿ⡣ȻһЦôңû¡߰ɣȥ䣬ҵҪкα£ҶүŮˡ
񾭰˵ʲôؿղž;ԾôԽԽˡ
һڵ˼ȫ֪˿Ůǲı棬ԼǲǶġ
һһǰȥգۼشǰ֮Ĺ۲죬ظо׳˵ơ
ʱţŮҲ˹Ծش
һ𲽾Ҫȥȴ˫סˣȱŽȥɡ˭֪ʲôΣأ
УʲôΣҶýȥ˿ǻ棬ҲΣաһֵǾͱȥˣռֻϵħԪأͱȥðˡ
ô֪ŮˣǸղεİɡȻЩš
˵оУȻǴģһƳ첻
ʲôЩŽ鱦ǣ嶼زūȻȻҲ⡣
˲ͺ׸С죬ΣһٺЦ
һ䣬һţЩȷˣȻĵòǲƱǿǱȲƱĳǡ
ˣûʱģǹԹԴҽȥˡһ˵Ҫ塣
˭˵Ҳˣ˾ʹӦһ¡ͻȻ˵
һŲһͣعͷٺЦˡ˵ͳ˽ȥһֱؿڵСȴһεžһˤſڣغףˡ
һعҪȥȴĴŴһƿߵž֨֨£ˡ
漸˴󾪣Ҫȥȴ뱻һӴ⣬С椵Ϣһá
ȫˣֻһǲõģغ
һ˶񣬻תֻǰһֱʯ̳ɵĵ··վʿƴһģ̳һ㣬ɱȻ·յһıˡ
ڰռǺ̶µͨһɡһֹţͨ￴񣬽һȥͨͨ˹
룬һѪɫĿ޻ٻ˳оЩռܹӳʮֵʵ
һ˷˼£ӴϵħԪоʮִĬĬվһĴΪһڡ
һ֣ſʯ̳ɵ·


369 Ĵ


һһ˳ȥԤ֮ʿĸûзϲ֣ýֺͷҲõʿ϶ǳصġ
һ·ȥûκ쳣鷢ܿһ޵ſڡ̽ȥһȫһһ˽ȥ
ֵĳȻԼղһģһġ˿̡塢жֱܰڼ̳ܵĸػƵʯϣϵɫ⡣
ģ̶ѡһ̳Ĵĺ˿̵ϧǺ޷Ӧ
ܰôˣһִһߣغţƴҪסǵôýģͽѡ
һĿת˼̳ŵ񣬽۾գҲգضеϣƣǾͿ˰ɣһ
ĶжһλΪһ񣬴һץϹâơ
ڿеһȫһ󶶶Ϲһһһɺ嫵˳ȥһˤ˼̳档
һкȻʵȻֵס洫׵練ҲҿϵħԪؾصĸӦҪȻƾս岻Ҳòзϡ
ĸоʧһȴеƱһȦһȦɫΣšÿ䡣
һĪشĵӿ𲻰ĸоشܣȫѹסĵĲӴԽûо˲־壬ռͷħʱҲûָо
һѹȣĿƺֹͣ
ѵ𣿱𵱳ѹʵǿ̫ˡһ૵͵Ըȴ񣬾Σûκܹ¸߹ͷ­۽ҪԵʲô
һҧÿ죬ֱͦɽһļĿ¶׹⣬Ҫսսѳ졣
ӰӰվһӴѹҲùȴһһڶͫںâ˸
ޣηħȴΪһѪһӰܵҪſ£һﴫȴ
ѾģͷڹꡣһһֱѪѹԾȻо޽ſŵħż̨ϵȥ
ֻﬡһĽ񲻶ɽһȴɻԭأֽо޽飬ϵĿȴһ۶֡
һϢڷӿѪɫֽò԰ףٷĨ̬ĺΣ˵Ĳྐྵ˾޴һǵ뿪⻹һѡ
꿦꣬ĥĸһüͷһȻһ£ȵΣոдȫëϸֱ˹裬ȫģ޵ķӦȻʹ󣬱ëţ﷢ͺ
꿦꣬ĥһصĽĸһڵķ
һһ飬ͫȻ״ֻôĸ׿⣬źذϿףöɵֵìǲͬ·ԵĵĻˡ
ɷһ׿⣬ȴǽһ·ȫһˣղŵѹɢģǴɢģ˿ֲʵһֺεȿֲ
ʲôˣһĿɭ䣬ޱ飬û¶һ˿һ顣
ϷһһеìһĿһŽʸУĴػɱд˵صϡ
ϣǺǣ˵أһ˫Щ΢Ϊ£ĴѹȻǿˣҪùڵأôǵԸֻվһǰˣҲˣнĻȻˡ
ֻһ취ɱǣ㲻ȥ磬һȫ㡣ĻԾûһ˿飬һȴע⵽ͭһɲȴ¶һ˸С
񡭡Ѿ˰ɡһͻȻ˵һ䣬һɲǵʧ񣬶һ̣ͨһпͬʱ˹
һָ˫ĿΣͷ̵ˣǿԻȥһСɽˡΪһѪâüģ޵ĽҲ֮


370 ս


˫ĿϹһǾ¶һ˿Ū΢ЦȻԴֹһ㶼
еìٻζ£һָϮüĵĺâɲǼɢӰ٣ʩųϵ侹һ˿һ˺һܵӡ
һǳ鴤£ҧгݵر֣̬
ȷʵһټϿޣڲ½Ҳû˸Ҳ˼λ񼶾ϲģ˿ǿ⣬ǰȻԶ
ٽһСһһȫʮָʮ֮沿
ð׷һֻûжϵȻһʮϮʱϢȻܹϸ΢Ĳƴţʮץһ󣬶ʱɢ
һٵıͻȻˣǹһĨЦݣԾʱͻȻһʹһʹͷʼɢȻȫһֻһźؿ׵ӴȻһŵı顣
ŰΧȦֵȱԼһɲǵһ৵һһȰ˰ΧȦĿȻǼ̨еơ
һĴץƵһɲǣһ죬һɼ񱩵ӱ룬һһˤһѪ
һѵػعͷֻĲģһվڸտʼڵϵ϶˵ϵ⡣
û湻Ӳġһ૵֮ǰȻûһ汳ģʧܡ
Ȼʵһʵ޷ղ˵ȣȴˣһСۡտʼָȷʵʩΪҲ֪һȷʵ͸һֻһϵĹǿҲޡȴһթһڵڶιʱһɱУʮָĺһϸţë롣
֮ҪǰŻֳϮȥ;жϢģȴˣȻⱾһԤ֮Сʮڻ²Եͻֽʮʱţëȴָд͸˽ȥֱӴ͸ƻ񾭡
˵һ˱ƻ񾭣жǿɣȻܺһᲢۡ
ʱΪһܴˡ̵ļì㳯һ״һʱֻ۾
һӰһǰ棬ȴǸո߼˼ؿ븹Ĺʻױì̴ˣĶڸĹǼ׳ʷԵ״Ϯĺâȴر
һìصһߡ
û°ɡһ߲صǰӿж
ϴû¡ڶۿкâ֪ʹҪȻͨϴɲôܵһˡ
һεһǰ棬γɵ˼УһϴԼϴܵ˺ʹԼʧҲܡ
һһѪѹȸдڵּٴε˳ȥأȱ׹Ⱪը˷飬ͷǵŹǾûһõĵطˡ
꿦꣬ٴվֻһִֻһűĵһǰ߹ڿտյǻǻҡš
һ죬ȫţֽץմѪƣޱȱʹ޷̣޷ؿǰĥ޶ԡ
һΣȱĹǼܻһˤ䣬ȫ飬ͷȴֻʣ߹ھϣۿâţȻȴˣһ֮ľϵʼת
벻һҲôһ졣һȻһЦҧÿ죬ĿȻڼ̨ʯϵŮʮҪŮˣӣһıá
𡭡𡭡ŭţܵһŨûıߣŭˣҲ˲Ŀֻţëŵض˹
֪ΪʲôȻ˺ޣֻһһνɵһԡ
ϵħԪطӿ˼񱩵ǵصס
ȥһͻȻԿ˵
ԥ֮һ룬λΪһϹ˼̨Ʈŵ飬һŽ˶С
һϹâӿ޵ϱŭ²ڲͣسʹһһ㡣
֪ʲôʱȱһ˵վĿƵضſޣɫò
һƺЩƮǰľ￪ʼζ
Ҫ𣿡һ૵ȴûзеƿʼ˱仯ѪػΪһĺߣתͣϵħԪؾΧ衣
һЦˣѪ𣬳һĻߡ
Ȼڼ̨ʯŮϵɲǼʧˣŮ˳ʯ£ͬһʱ
㯵գգۣȻЩԺܿǼϵħԪŮ㾪ѹ
壬˿̣ͬһʱ᳦ϵرһһϢһ
硣ܰҲ˲ôȥ
ŮûӽͱһӴϢ⡣
޴ʱȴѿʼˣӴĵٶȾǲͬն졣
ſڼ̨֮¼ոǰһĿ޴ʱȴûڵءȴһһڼ̨ϵһһ˵
֪ܲʲô£˿ŮȴѲµ˴һĶЩֲ
˿ƮȻһǰ˫չ֮Уһħʦ޹ˣȴԥᶨƵصһǰ棬Ǿǿ飬ִһ˸СҪĻԥԱˡ
һ룬붫ܰͬһʱվ˿̵ߣ˿޶¡
һ΢΢Ѫ˿תƿʼƮͬʱϵħԪؾ鿪ʼһڣѱһɫĹâ


371 λȡ


ǰƽס˽Ųһ̼仯Ϊޣֻһ־ηĿעƮơ
ͬʱļսҲͣ˼̨
޵ڼһһⱻɫĹâΧƣһڲͣرţƺһϵĹâң໥Ӧ
Ȼ䣬һһ룬ʵԵϵħԪ񷢷ƵسһڿӿȥһͷƮŵɢɫ⣬һ˿˿Ѫ䴩ݡ
һһʹĺУϵϹâһҲ
ʹ࣬Ǹô죿Щˣץסͬŵò԰˿塣
ģţûµġ˿̷סĵС֣ıţȴò񻰡
ʱһͻȻӵƮһͷɢҵĺڷϵħԪؼƮɡ
硭һԵĶܰ૵Űյһ¡Ȼ̧ͷһ硱״سһ˹ȥ
һܰýֱŵɶأ˿һѷס
˿̽㣬ҲҪ£Ҫ¡ܰʣſвͣ鴤ʱʹͺһ絶ռޱǿң˽һĸЩŤƫִȴ档
µģҪ˿̲ȶܰùȴ侲졣
ȻһһĺУһȦâΪķ˿⣬ĴԼŮȦ˼̨
˳ԾǣԲμ̨Χİ˸ʯϵػƿʼһγһصħӡƮڼ̨ϵһ
һ뻯һعȥһ뾴η
̨ϵһȻ鴤ѣʶûôѹʱ˿ȴϣԼԶ˯֮Уֳ޹ǵζʵԳܡ
һʶеļӿϵħԪظűˣмתͣϵħѱ֮ͣǰʹЩϵħħԪȴȻͣʶӿ
Сһǣٽˣӿ챬ըˡһΧԼϵħԪؾ૵һȥʮ֮˾ˣ֪ԼܳŶá
ֻϵħԪؾȻɶʾȴԾԴԴϵسʶ
ʶеϵħԪѾӴϵħԪѹƵֻʣһˣ޷֮
ﬣһͻȻɳ죬ڣâ֮񣬺ڰħʥƻΧת໥໥ų⣬ͬһʱ䣬ĵͬɫĹâĿһü֮С
һҪըʶͻȻϵâʱҪĶˣƫƫʶѣιȥʸûУֻ뾫Ϸ˵ĥ
ͻȻһʶһը죬Ǳѽħ˵ϵħԪؾȻըˣʶγһУڶһŲӿϵħԪأϵϵڰϵħԪҲȺγУֻǱ֮ϵħԪȴСࡣɫķϵɫˮϵɫϵ򾲾ΧʶıԵ֮
һʱŷ֣ʶȻ֮ǰ࣬һ࣬ʹҲᣬڿԳܵķΧ֮ˡ
ʲôأһֱơɾһһСס˵ʱƮͷͻȻ৵һʶ֮Уظɫ֮ϡͬʱһ巺һůůȫתİ֮УһѾǿǣһĸо˯ȥ
֪ʱСϻСһĺڰԪռ˳۾գҲգضһͷϵơȻ̨ϰ˸ʯϵػֹͣתӶ˵̨ϵ
ֻһ󶶶ͻȻϢػΪ촷ڿ֮Уǵϵɫȴڼ̨һſΪͷؼףۼףսѥһϽ񴸡
ʱڼ̨ĴһͬʱʧӰ١̨ϵİ˸ʯâظԭ״̨һϵϹâҲûڣϵﾡ٣ϲƬƣؿڡ˫֮ʯһģһػƣн˸
˿Ůһлָ̨˲ú߱˯һ
ȻеĶܰһ£һŤһͣ˿˵һĸǰǵСָһһһͷĺڰħʥ˶һŨīĺâӺڰħĵüģһɫĹâ˿̵üģŮһεһϡ漴ʧȥ֧֮һµ䡣
ʱܰа׹һλΪһӰһץһץڰơͬʱȴܳһ̹⡣
ܰץס˹ƣڰȴǵ̹ߡһ׹һʧǵߺڰƵ̹Ҳͬһʱʧ
ӷл䣬̱ڵϣĿڣ۵³һѪ漴赹ڵأﻹ૱պţϸһֱţΪʲôΪʲô
̻̳ĹֻĹΰУ̻ʲ˹ڹĽ£˫ĿյأŻɬǰһɢɫâħħϾȻݳ޵˼ٿA׹ħ޵ħԼϵ߼ʯṩ
ȻħâùƵĶܰħ롣
˹۾˲Ĩȥͷĺ飬һѽڶܰСйƳͻȻЦеĿһĹ̻ʿһһ㡣
ĩ˹ЦʼЪĦеĹƣ۾ħϵĶܰһĨ飬ҵŮзһУΪŮ
λڰµ۹ĺڰ̻̳һλȫںеĸߴͬڷЦץŵǺڰƣһֻССɫļ֮ϣǷӡںڰ̻߼ԱڵĴħ
ļ̨֮ϣһĨĺ̴һðγһεĺӰһߵĻСϻȴǻĩ
Ӱͷתתڼ̨ףЦЦȴһ˿޷صĲ˸С
ʱӰ̶Цתڵϵһ૵СӣȻѡλ㣬ֻȴϲƣ㾿һʲôĹأ˵ĿʼǲҵĿˡƵ鵹ԽԽȤˣ
ӰЦһڡ


372 ϣ


һ߳Σޱ޼ʵɫֻйһСĳƮţѰţոһգ긴һꡭ
Ҳ֪˶£󣬾ʹڱǿ󣬶һһԹһ֤£һȵط֣ɳĳȻԼģ
֪߾ʼصׯεǵׯܣһжԵò˼飬һ˲½ǰ
¡һ죬ĳһĳһʱ̣һǿϹâͻأسþУһɫսϽ𴸵ľ˳ǰ
˭һЩ㯵ʵ
񡣡˿ףĿȴʮ͡
񣿡һ˼飬ԺͻͻǳϤ
ЦƬض֮һŸһԴϣ¶ļ糱ˮһһĻһĻĻԺзǰҲнġ
ãһȻĺ»ָ鶯Ӵʵˣƺ˺ܾúܾˡ
ЦЦҵ֮УʱǾֹģ㾭һֻĵںϣˣҿҪ֧Ųȥʱˡ
һʼ磬ЦҲףֻҪһж˵Ǻǻɡ
㶣ЦһãܺãѡеĴߣһж˵кôҲлؼԼôˡ
ߣ˵Ҳһ񣿡һüʵ˻ϲ񣬵ȴøԶ
εЦЦҲ˵׼Ӧ˵ģڴеʱһ⣬Ҳ֪㾹ȻƣѰ³˲Ԥϵı仯ͬʱĴˣ˲һЩá
һ룬ʶһʱˣĸСһУ磬ˮϵϣô߰İ
ڳˣһգգ۾ʵĵģǿԺߡ
ڻ̫Զʲôʱɾ壬ԽսȫʱͳˡٺЦ
ڿԴϼһεʵ
һҲϡѧһʼ硣
ڵʵ֮ǰҪǿ٣һٴʵɲ˼ķʲôû˰ɡ
ǿչҪǿһ㡣Ŀ
һ㣿һǶ٣һҧгݵʵ
ϵħѴﵽħʦĶˣ⣬ϵӦħʦĶ壬һ㣬֮ǰҪǿࡣ
һʱƵ˵񴫳Ҳôľ綼ﲻ
˹һ߾ֻʣ͸Сһ㣬ĳûһ˿һ죬һ߶ûȹ̵ĸ³ҲǴϵ䡣˵ֻǸһĸ󾿾ܲܳɹȫԼԣϳֻ֮ħԪؾ鹵ͨǡǳĹؼ
һͷʾͬ⣬ΪɣڲúúõģĪ߰ĴУʵ٣ջ˻֪һð
ҵʱ䲻ˣҽ񼶷Ժ֮УԼоɣ߶ԶȫԼˡ˵һϹâһԴ
һɲǼԼԺһЩڤķһϵϵħЩ񼶹ħһʱûʲôȤڵʵ̫ԶڤķȴһģħԪصͬʱǿǿȣߴΨһһǿҪǿ⵹һԾԾԡ
ˣҵѾɣԼΪ֮ڵֲͬΪʲôĸıҲ֪รɡ񲻸εЦЦӴʼ䵭
һһʵȵȣҪȥ㻹û羿ôһ°ߴ񵽵׷ʲôˣ
ҴеһųΪһųȥ飬ǲڿԲĵģԺ֪һеģϣΪϣ˵һ仰ȫʧˡ
һԭأ֪ǳ׵ʧˣ޹ӿһˡ羿ʲô飬ĹȥɣһعӣǰڲԺҲǡ
ҿ㻹ûôطһͻȻһ䣬ǰһʧȥ֪

Բμ̨һڵϣ˿赹ſϣԶǹѪ˿¡ΨһѵĿ¾ֻˣСϻСȫͨףûһ˿ëϵĹϢ쳣Ũ뻹һѹĿһĸ첲
СĿȻֻƯСһ㣬ϵȴ֮ǰȫͬˣ˵ս׵ϴʱĿֻһ˿ϢĻڵĿȫȫɳΪһֻˣӶСĶ֮С
ʱ˯һͻȻһڵӣĵл˻֮Ҳʼ֪
һתתӲĲӣֳͼ˿ĵͷϣűֻõĽ
һֻ޵ͷСز̽һǵϢûʲô⣬ƺ֮ǰҪࡣŮͷһߣӿռָóһѻϣҪ˵ʲôĵ죬·ռָﱸõġ
һ΢΢תͷȻ÷ǴѪ˿ڵϣɾһȥһַ̽ԪˣᣬѰԲѡ
һȹŷԪطԼЩı䣬֮ǰͨѰĹҪ࣬ӦǱá
һ룬ӿռָнŴ󴲸˳ȻԵķ屧˴òѻָ˱ĿͷͰɢߣζٲ֪ΪνüŨŨıˡ
ḧŷ㷢̾һһתҲž˿̡˿ǲŵģ㷢ȫڸšһĴ˿Ĳ㷢ϻȥҪ۾Ȼο𣬾Ǵ˵


373 Ļ


徣ĸһԺҲ벻Ĵһգ룺˿ǸʹħʥŮ˿𣿡
ֻһžµϲȾ֬ȴ罬ϴĳοһµǵԶɽüĵ㣬һкһôá
˿ϵѪɫ̥˰ʧȡ֮ǻļһŵḧоָ󴥸У˿Լôõ̥ʧˡԺ㲻ΪԭĴ˰ɣΪʱС޺޶Ҫϼ֣Ů˶ʼɷˡ
ֵĦãһŲƿ֣ŨŨ㣬˿Ҳ˴ϣԼıÿɷܰȴʧȥټתһȦȴûκη֣ص˼̨֮ϡ
ʱһĿͣڼ̨һǾ߲Ƶ֮ϣͻȻһʹһƨߣͼ޸ĹǼƴװ̫ˣûа취޸
ҶԲ㰡һ૵һһβһеصԼǰɬ
ãǵĺӰȴһʶˣ´һȫµʶٺٹЦٵ֮ˣǲ֪ںϵжôǿڴ
ӰһʶӲһĸо˿ϵʵϼһɲԽȻأ
ǼܶƳˣúڰҲ죬˰ɣֻǿϧһӵʶãӰźҡͷ˵
û취𣿡һĵʵ
Ӱ˼һ˵취ûУںϵĺ龧ǲûȫ٣ֻҪһЩʱ䣬Ҫͷħϵõħ޸塣
û⣬ħ𣿡һԥͬ⣬ħǱĲϣȻҪõҲˣڻ׺Ȼڻòϡ
ȻҾͰһΣþصʧ֮ǵĺڰռӰһᵽ˺ڰռ䡣
£ҴӦ鲻ġһƲȴӰҪȥǺڰռʲôʣӰ֪ǺڰռĴڣô֪أѵ
һҡҡͷӦûֿܰɡ
һƵĹǼħӽڰԪռ䣬ǺӰ˵Ի޸

˫㣬ܸо𣿡齹ǵ˫˺ܾˣȴһ㶯ûС
˫ҡҡͷĬϵ֮ǰȴҪࡣڲǰһ󼱾ƺһʹĺֵ̿һ֮޵ϵȻͻȻжϣﻩһȫʱ֪һ϶ΣˣһֱţֱʱŷΪһ֮ĸӦ½ˡ
Զһۼ׵˫ֱֱֱվţСļͷţϣһһеþ
ãС椴һǷ˯ɵ˹
椶ȥɣ֪Ǽһʲôʱء椵СԴ˵ЩҲϰߵػԼΪ椶ˡ
Ҫȸ׳椶ǲ۰Ͱ͵Ĵš
һسԸɴˣ罫һǧ飬ԼΨһ˾ȶԼףƽ
ʱռɫͻȻΪһϹ⳯ȥʱĴҲ֨֨سˡ
ڣһϹâĻ³˫˵ǰȻŻ΢ЦһͷڷԺȴ˾þΥһ㡣
ϴڳˣû°ɡűߵţһԾţﾡ˷ܣɿһ˿â䡣
һţļ򣬺ٺЦϴʲôˣһƨһͦţB壬ǲ֪˼˻ʲô룬Ҫڽ񴫳и˰ɡ
ţһصͷһѾˣǱʶ;ûһ첻顣
´һɱҲ˿ţôĻ
һµķ۱۾˾˫һһ΢ЦһоڲС
½㣬ûУ׻ûбء椶ţʵ̲סˡ
΢شһ𣬶椶৵һһؿڣСԴ䡣
ѽǡ˿ڣȻһıŮˣȻ˿̣Ļзˣȴһʶʵ˿ͬΪ̻ʥŮǼÿ˿̶Ŷʱ˿̱һɫĴˣȻϵļۿһȴϡ
һ࿪ӣŮسڼ˵ǰ
˫ˣûиҡէȻ˫ϲر˹ȥ
˫ګګһļ䲢ǻָʶİ
һЦ߹˵һ飬ٲʶ֮һ㽫˿̽һ飬岻֪ΪΣͷǳ䣬һʹһʧǵġ
µ֪һż۵˿̺ôҲţ˭֪µ۹ʥŮ˿һѪɫ̥ǣǰ˶Ͼİ񣬾ԼҲҪ֡
ʵҪ˵ˣ˿Լ޷ţһĴʱô߶ůů΢Цһûо˵ãܹżɣѾޱ㡣ǵһóħݵǰž˶ǽɰգСָԼգһ̣ˣΪԼΣգۣ۾һһжĭһʧˡ
ͻȻ䣬ռ俪ʼ¡¡޴ʼ䵭ɢǰһһռŤʱ
ռ䣬״ٵ˻ʼдȫʼͷת
Ҳ˱仯дĸֵľʯͻȻʯۣһɫӭסߡ
ûһɢһг䶨פ˶ˣھȻʧˣǰһŲεضŨܲһƬԭʼɭ
϶Ѿ񡣡֮䣬ͻȻ˻Ȼش߸棬ð忪ʼǰԭʼɭ֣ͼĶսƷ


374 


ľףŨĿزζƱǼ䣬ڻĸ質Զ˵Ȫˮ
һϤϤζȻɳ
ˣڳǸüûŵζﶼˡһҡͷԵЦ
ððףҪԿ⣬Ҫööࡣһؿڵ椶һ⣬۷⣬ˮѲصն¡
ҪԿ⣬ԼȥŪϡһ椶ͷ
椶Ƕ˵ͬ뻹СɭץȥˡһѰԶˮԴһľʯڣʯĿ׷죬峺ȪˮʹЩ׷з£ˮ˳Ʈˬĸо
ۣƯﳤסͺˡ¾̾ۻ׳Ĵ󺣣ٿСұϪҲһζ
ҪסҲȥɭ֣ɭֵľɫɱˡһЦɾľɭ֣ɰľ鹫¶櫣ǹǵľŮǻԲ¼Ʒ
ɫǣںϹ롣˫һǳԵģĻ֪ĳŮˣĲζ
һع񣬼ŮмӲˬĿ⣬ٺٸЦתƻʲô㣿
Ȼǻȥˣ椶궫Ҿʹħɭ֡ϲȴ
һüһڲ½һΣħɭ㲻ӷ𣿡
ҡҡͷȻ°Ȼ峤ʱŹǣǲ壬椶ûɳҵʵǿ£Ҳܹðա
һͷҲǣİ취׷ٵǵϢڹֲϣȷʵӦðա
һ㷢˹ڰͨͨˣ뵽ܰʧܲµʲô飬Ϊչ˷һֱû
һҵûһĪ壬Ѿܾûлȥˡ˿һ˵۾һ˿Ρ
Һûغڰ̻ḴӦø˿ͬ·Ļӵذһĸ첲
ţΨһհһȥȥġ
һ룬Ҫ˫ȥһʧ֮ǣӰ±Ļçԭڽ룬ǿ˿ŮôԵĻȥһ˺ɽٵǹ޺ޡ
ðɣҾͺһȥµ۹ֻǲ֪½ڵôˣһЦɲ֪ʵѾ˴ˣսӵ½

߰˰ʮ¶ʮţһѾˡ۹۹ľӲƣµ۹ʧǧ䣬µ۹İ˸ʮСȫ֧Ԯµ۹۹ĸҲԾսˣ½˺ɽԼԶսϯ½бɷ棬ʧ̶̰ڣ½ʧϰ׳ʿ޹ձɱ
ȻҪսڰµ۹߾ԼΪĳȴڴ˵أ۹۹߾Ĵׯ򾭳µ۹ɱӶᡣѾصİµ۹ٹ쳣ŽᣬǸıسսԣʼƿսӱ߾Ϯ۹ڣ;֮طʬǲȡ׺ݵսԣ۹࿹רŹ޴İգŮٲڡ
սսλսʽһÿ۹͸ԽҸӼӾս۹Ӫʿ󷽴Ķļԣÿһιһбǣʱս½ˡ
۹˫Ӫʱ죬ðµ۹ӪľŷɥͬʱҲǾءΪ˫Ӫһľֻͣ˫ӪݳеʱȡֶΣ˺аյԵзӵѪɱȴΪ֮
˫ӪĸӪ̶ܰɱĵзʿ˶Ϊɱ񣬶߳ıѪֶλõʹĳƺš
ʱһݳеĳۡУضŹǽϵľµͼСʱʱȻţ¶˼ɫ
ýŸų촫ľһ׵Ϲ뷿սյСƨɳΪһľˣֱͦΣ񣬼һ޷ӵɱ֮
ùüһӹϹݹܷħͲӡ˫ӪĹܰȫȨ˱ɴ˿ɼ˫Ӫеĵλ
һĿʮеĶݣЦһ㻯Ϊ촷ۣųҪ˫ӪƵ͵Ϯǣߣһ֪ʲô⣬ȻֻһУȴмӪפһ͵ϮɱľءųľԮһ㣬˫ӪӲȫû³
ýô죿Ϲʵ
;ˣ˵˫ӪոչǽۣҪϢӪЦ˵˫Ӫ仮ڿŽڣȴһԵĶӪһ˵ǻսҲ
Ϲȥǽϵľµͼ˫ӪһѼ⵶һµ۹أ˫ӪΪĳչ
ȥˣһںͱӣǿɾ鷳ˡžµͼ˵˫ӪɵģһҪСĽؽӪãҪȻûˡ
ڸ߱ϣǰһֳһڹ뷿ʱЦһֳָھӪʱĿɽһļһƬԡ˵һ˫Ӫľ꣬һһ˵붯ȫ˫Ӫʿģ¡
ҹɫһƬˮʹĵףһ۾ĴϣԲԶĴ򶷳š
Ļ˶֪񣬴Ӷһ̰ĵð忪ʼĴѰҽһ壬һʱͻϡ
һЩɲȤֻҪǵУڱ˵ȥܡ
ȥ˭أĵģ˫ģһһƬȣħģ˫ǻ֬ļ޷ȡᰡһұ֤κιί˵Ƕܾܴͬ߸жð
һԽʱһĨįϸӰһ֮УһͷļҹŰҷ裬ȴǷ壬һŴĶˣӭҡڡ


375 ϶ҹ


һ̧ܹܵ嵭ˣһƬҶʱܱ紵ߣͬġ
ôˣ𣿡һϢڿն𣬴ůůЦڷ
̧ͷбֻһϸϸ£ʱȴһԵ޹⣬̾һҧ´ʵ㶼ҷʲô𣿡
Ϊ֪ԼҵġһȻһ΢ЦֻĿȴϧŷ塣
ڷؿʪĶҪӿֱ̣ˮӯһͷһĻſ˳
һû˵ֻůĴŷķ۱йԼıˡ
ãʼգرһȡϴĵĻϢ
ʵʵΪǺڰƲŻ᲻ġڹ˿ڡ
šһӦһ赭дûһ˿
һĻĿһһı飬ȴûй˼Ȼǵ΢Ц
ʱҲ֪ƽһЩʼʱΡ
һʱѵ飬Ǻڰ̻ڷӡŵĴħǿߺڰʱ΢΢鴤¡ԭ֮ʧΪԼ𾴵Ľ̻ãɻǣ˷Ҳ÷Ӧ֮󣬳ڰ̻ʵĸǳ
һ§ŷڴ˵ϣȴڲ²ŷڰ̻ʵĹϵһֱںڰ̻еݶأƺĶ֪ѵǺڰ̻ʵŮǾ˵ڰ̻ʳһⲢûŮֻǷ岻˵ҲȥʣԸ֪ʱһģȻû׼Ҳǿ
÷廹һݣһüͷͻȻһ滵һЦ§ŷĴֿʼΪתƷע˾ٿõİ취
һĴڷеĦţƵ͸ļ֮Уĸо
ĺȻһȻȹһĩ㣬ǰأȴҲҴȥҲҴҵ뿪˵ǻƻŮǲ
㣬ϸСĺëܴ̼˫վ価ǺΣرһϵ˱ǵȲ
һĴֻƣһͦε֮£˳ŷʵԲزȦȦַʱ÷⡣
ڵĿ÷岻͵Ťò߳ͣƫƫƤĺӰܿ谲οĲλþʪ˴Ƭ
ᡣҵӣתһϣ§סһĲӾȥ
ͻϮһЩֲȷӦʱСѶĿǻڣһһ´˱
һþϲĩȻڻ϶ϲռʱŮȴܸǴĴ̼
ʱһðŻĽޣһеһǣµһĦŤͦеԵ·һţı㹴ճβȴһһͦһǸӲ÷
սʼ˽Կʼ͵̽Է
ͻȻһȴΪ˹Ͷ룬˴ϸСϵȥ
½һ룬һŷڿһȻһԼ񣬸ղűѾͷʵܲˣȰ˵
һһĴϡ
庣ɫĳһ˦ڴϣ۳Դ˫󵨵аЦһʱңؽѴ󿪣ɫĨڲסҪ¶飬ѣĿ⼰ǵ¹Ϊ֮
屻һ޼ɵĿ⿴ģȫ类ʵԵĸһرز˫֮䣬Ŀһɨͷ̷飬Щܲסˡ
ڸ£岻촽ȴ֪ǶôĹˡ
һһڿˮĿȻǰڴͷָ°ͣɳɤʵСǴĹǰɡ
һȣĿҪ룬ȴ类ڶһһĿ⣬ıҧ´ȴΣֻҷҲ㹴˭أɱˣ㻹Ƿһҹ
һһǰǷѾͷһҹֻ붯֣벻֪ȴһһץסһס°͵Ĵ֣Լʵظȥȴ˵Ĵ⡣
˿ĨأһԸо⣬᲻ص£ָ͹ͷһתʱһǵ
ͺúòǷĶҹһɳ˵Ȼѹȥ
˵ڼҵķҵķһ˱޴ƣ֮ܵĽӴ׹˵ػһʰ
һڷ̽׵һ·£һںסһŷۺ飬һֻһò
ҡˡϹ𣬼һʵİο
𼱣˵ҪǱÿһ缡ġһ̧ͷЦ巭һıȫ¶ǰ
һʱĿѣ⻬Өķ۱ļߣ̷βֱ̫ˡһĹıƣһ綼Ź
ʱһĴһѩϣη䴫Ĵ㣬һ֪鶯ˡ
һֿĴȣŮë鲼˽ǰѴ¶Өʪòˡ
һֵһ˿ӵϳϳ
ķʱͻȻתһѽһƵ˫ȿ䣬ַ˵СһȻȥ
ʹһʹһס
һع§ס壬ɵѾͷôѲɷˡ
˭ò˼ңҲٵˣҪŮˡ彿˫§סһоСһĴڣʹȴ÷ǳҸ
ʱʱƹ֮ʹ𽥵ȥȡ֮ĿУһԼҡſеļǿԽԽ졣
һҪƽԼѰɷȴ㲹ҵĶ˵㡣
һֵ˲óɴ·סŮʿʱص㲦һ¼ɡ
ò˵лŮ˵ԣûһļɱѴһЩĶȻʦֱͨһĵļƷ
ֱ֧Ųסһŷ磬÷ֱġ
Ҫ뿪ңҪ뿪ҡ˯УͻȻüૣһס
һ뻳УģҲ뿪㣬Զߡ
һĻüչǹһĨ΢Ц
ڰ̻ʣ̻ʣٺ١һЦüĿ䷺һĨɱ


376 ͨͨˣһ1


ҹϢȥ㳿͸֦Ҷ͸£Ϊԭʼɭд˿ů⡣
һĨӰѸݵطӶͣһ峺СϪߣһƤףĳѪħߣǺֻ˭أ
Ӷ˫ϪˮĨһȻ󷢴ˮԼĵӰȻƣֻüĿȴһ˿ɣһӶѪӶǧȫûĵҶھʱַ콵׽ԼҲĿ
ָúȥδأ૵һδϻ˹ȴֻʣһˣĲЩ㯡
ʱӵԶһԼʮ˵ð壬ӦĳӶŵȷ档
ųӶŵųӣƨɣǼƷһϵ߼ħʦſˮź¶ճߡ
⸱ųǸʦ۾գҲգضźӣֻҪǸ˶Ӷľ֮ģǿõģSSʵӶұӶţһֱû˸Ҵ⡣
˵˵ʱôĶ֪ǻǱȥΪ⸱ųƿ
ȵȣų㿴ƺ᲻ϣӶѪӶſǷǳǿ˵ǱˡϵħʦС۾һ˵
⸱ųԥһ£òܻǳ
ųΧֻһˣ˼пȫˣȻSSӶǿʮˣųǾں治ԶǶֵʱ򷢳źųǸϹֻҪǲסһǲѷɣųŮɫʱ椻ǡϵħʦԵøˣҪųºӣֻԺҲѾãų⣬ôҲúȵɡ
ԣΧȥ㷢ź֪ͨųǸϹų۾һźӵĿӻ԰ɺܿǱӶأô˵ӶҲǿһAӶţȻAӶ׵һ
ųʮ˵Сɢʼħʦں󷽿ʼ׼ħǱʧڿУͬķźӱƽ
˼еĺ΢΢̧ͷһɱͲмʮڶȴ벻ǻ
ʱǱеĵ͵͵岽֮ң˴˶˰ţͬһʱ䷢͵Ϯ
һºâźӵ⼱γһ֮¡ҽжûüѱϣѪ֮ߣֳȥ
û˿ͣͣϵĳѪѳ֮УѸңϵħԪɵļʸĻħʦȽϼеĵطʱը𣬼ʮŲըķǵѹʱҽϣʮɲǼֻʣˡ
һЦľмڸǣ֪ӶţAӶ׵ӶųרһЩ͵ҽ֮Ķ£ʵ㲻Լһ˶Ӷſ⣬ʱΪϲߡ
ɱҵֵܾ𣿡ʱɫĶӿм֣ӱ˻ȥ
̳ɢһȦʮʦΧסǴʦֱǱӶŵų븱ųһλʮ󺺡ʦǸ߼սʿмսʿȾϵ͵սʿжλħʦʩħ罫ͬ黤סħʦһɫħ֣ͲƾǽʥҲֲ˶ٺô
ӵһ飬ȴȻǵߵЦݣӴⲻǱӶ˴ҪԸСŮӵ𣿡
ʱһЩѵӶѾںӵĵЦɤʧˣɫ˳մ
ߣףԹԽ齻ԻȥӶŵųһֵЩûõļһﾪѹųڶ뽣ŮɫȤȱȱ˲Ųܺ
ԭΪ飬ǿҴˣɲɵġӽЦȴֳһǴŻЦŵĿ֪ΪʲôΪһһйϵ
Ǻǣ㻹˵ʵɣӶѪӶų㶼ˣҶûɵġ治ǣ㶪ûѵԻȥ˵ǱӶŵĸų۾ɫɫںӻ𱩵Ľơ
ĵЦգٶ֮է಻ѣ֪˴ζˣͶ⸱аĿ֪ˣǱ׽ס϶Ǳ³ҲҪϼ汳ġ
ۡųһַ˽
ûģ˶ϧųЦ

һţǰţħϵһЩ⣬ţѽӽɣҲһƿڣܾд
һϸطָѰţгֵƫԼôƿľ顣ţʵһĽʥֻ߲ͣеþһۡҴ˵滹ӡ˿ľţܽþǱȫ֪᲻Ϊһһ롣
˵һɫľŮƽʱһ䶯ˡ
㿴۾һʼûӷƿĶǲǺ۰ļ÷ճһϣɴչ촽ڷߴȤ
΢죬һۣǵȻ֪жأôǲǳԴˡ
ЦЦԴףʱɣͨˣǳˣǺΧƣǴҺҲܺãһǵöռ
ʲôʱܹͷнһ½㼣㲼Ǹжð̾һ૵
ôһģŷЦס֡
˵ĶԻ˿̣˫µĶУŮʼôһɡ
ʱڼ֮Ҵˣֻͬһʱͣ£ȻǷʲô
һü£оϤŵ㣬ӵ˸߿գüԶһâ
ѪǺӡһͫһһϵƣ㳯սȥ


377 ͨͨˣһ2


һ˱ܿ󷭷ʸʮӶ˼ԩꡣΪһħ֣ٶ뷴ӦǳһģֻǾˣǿȵսţҲʮ˿ڣѪҺʧǼӾʧ
Ӷų븱ųûгֻ֣ǿϷ㿴ź翹Ӷųսپ˺ӣ֪ųʲô˵ˣȻͬ׽ӡ
ʱӵѾã˳Ѫתþ޽սսо޽ɸֻƽʱӶľ޽ȴԵóޱȣɫĶҲ޹⡣
£ųЦŴ˳ִž޽ȥ
һ棬һܴǲԶ壬⸱ųƵϷˣźӣӵĺƤ׻һ¶˽׵ļ
ӣԹ־ܰɣ屩¶ֵܵǰųŵĴЦ
ҧȴȻ䣬ͻȻͣЦһ߳ƤҶѣֲʲôı˭˭ȥ
⸱ų㶣ʱʶǷ˵ֿЦһӵؿڣƤ׸ϡϣ¶һɫõĻĨأֳʱʿˮĹ¡˶˫۷ֱе˱Ѫ
⸱ųĶǣ޽һһֻȲسźӵĸʵظץȥ
ӶŵųܸеЩףһ£úı۾Ҳûг
һҽУеˣֻñӶŵĸų´̴¡¡ӿѪע˫۷׶
ӽЦüĿȴЦݲɷָĽָöٷ֮ʮĽָָ˿һ׵ĹܣԴһö궤Դﵽ治ĿģڱӶŸųɾ˽ľ룬ٷְٵһʧ
һӶųˣԹȥ
Ӳ㣬һ̾˴ˣոճ治ɱһųųͬھôҲ׬˰ɡ
Ӷ˾޽˫ִųѪůůϢӹϴڣΪ֮һʼһĬһùֵ˷Ĺϵ˿˺ü
ѪһܣȫҲֻкһ֪ѪзӡӴĻϵһڽıըҲҪӶᡣ
ʱӶŵųƺᵽΣգһеĺӵļ򣬿еĳѪɢѪȵĺâɷˣȵ˻ٳˡ
˵𣿡ӽЦ÷ۺ죬ȴɱ
ǵȷ˲ˡһƮ˷ѹСȵһЩʵӶѪ
һ¶һĨ΢Ц૵ֻǣ޷ƣѪıը޷ת
һŤһκȻ֣һ׵ĳһͷƮݵĺڷһĨ΢Цúӵ΢΢˲ܹ֮ǰҲɡ
ųֵ˫ŮţֻҲ˽
ܵϵ쳣һͷһϹһռħԪɲʱգеĳѪ漣İϵ·ӡ
ǴħʦˡǸϵħʦһβøеħԪرȫգʱƵĴ
һٺһЦõϵħѴﵽ˴ħʦĶ壬һʹѾо˳
ͨͨˣһһ΢Цñ䣬Լţѿʼһ浹Ĵɱ
һһںӵǰϵ߼ϣȻ㣬ˣίˡ
ȻһЦԭһȤһſȴûзسˮ
һ״Ҳӣ˫§סӴ뻳УۺʱСҵĻԶΪ㳨
һůĻУСܵĻǺһţֻ֪
Ӻ󣬺ƿһָЦСܣллĻˣо治ѹƭôŮ
ⲻƭһ˦˦ڷһ
ЦЦĿһתޱȾȣţ޶ԱӶŵɱѽβǧ˾ôһɱһɱرţһþ̵ĹȦըѪɣţƺرϲѪȵĳ棬ÿһըı˷һ֡
ʱǱӶŵųŵҲҰף˫ȲͣΪһAӶŵųѪȳҲˣȴûмţ˲̵ĴɱɱĻԼ¡
ʱӶŵӶɱøɸɾˣӶų֮⡣ţĩ촽Ѫþһһ߹
ӶųȻӶоѣĹһǰҰɣһжΪǸĸųֻҪҵҪʲôҶԸ⡣
ţʱѴɱ֮˱ӶųţһȻڵָʾ
һȴʼ磬ţ֪ϴ˼ѿЦžеþѪȵζϲ
ȵȡʱͻȻ
ţһһͷվһߡ
лӴлӴӶųм
˵ҪŹ𣿡ߵǰЦΪӹһٵӶųС
ֻֽѡѧһʼ磬һӶųڲбӴͷβ룬Դ˵ĲƺţΪһSSӶһǰʮAӶŵųնݲĺܷһκпΣԼԼͬΣշڶѾȥ
ûСʱӶгԱʬ屻һð߷֣һЩḻðѾһ浹ɱɱֶ֮˷ָҲһʬ壬һһ̲࣬סŻ³
һAӶŽǧ˱ڶʱţڲ½䶯һʱصð߾ưɶ̸⣬һЩʼԤƽ½ıˣҵĲ½ֻηأ


378 ʮ˵


Сϣտʼʱķ꼻һְţΪһСƵƵȥˣֱԹΪʲôô˽ˣôõķƵصҰҽҪȥԵԽˡ
һһһĩŵľ¥ʱ壬ֻ˷ڴܡƹӭ̾˼öˣһһ˱㲻ǵ֮ͷĽӭ¥ϵһᡣ
ˣһתͷʺӣ㣬ʲô㣿ǲǸһ·;УѾ˵һ飬ȥ˲㱻Ҷǿһ¡
ӳһ£ĿһͣһתƿҡͷЦǲˣҴȥӶעӶţ֮鵽ʱ˵ɡ
һΪʮа˾Żͬģȴû뵽һڻؾˣͷҲǿΪ֪ӵĸԣһԺǿŮӣһ˾Ͳ׸ı䡣
㣬㻹Ǹһɣ֮ҲиӦؿڵȴ£֮ǰһӵĹϵһֱĴٵģû뵽ǳϵӡ
ҲЩ죬µ۸߿˼֣ЦߣͲҶҷ
°һһۣҪȥ˭ϡѽ
ӿֱЦĵһЩԣֱ⵽µ黨ָϮŸЦѹӵȷǸκ˵ġ
ÿɲ˻ز³ʱ˭ڴ̳Ц
˭ĴˣֻɫеؿŽѡһ죬ѼӲϳϡ
ˣ㻹Ǿ·лл㡣һڲ裬Ŀ΢ɲƳһһۣ΢ЦͻȻоڳߣֻһһ˶ģ˵Ѿ㹻ˣôһ֪Ҳһ¡
һٷֱ¥ĳʦýп죬ⶼһЩʲô˰ʮֻȫϰֻѼӶѳɽ˾ȻЩ˵ĶѲɶ޵׶ɣ߸˳˰˵ķ벻֪ʳﶼֻ޵Ķ
һٷСʱʼŰֲ˾¥ƹȴң˵ıӰȴЦһ仨ô󷽵ĿÿһǸöðƹ̯ʺƣ澲һöʵϾҡ
СԶһֲڣ·ͨǲͬķҲǽȻͬ
ͣס˽ŲǶֱ֪ʱˡ
ȻһĽƤףѪԵӢˬתЦߣͬ·ʹ˱ϣлټ
һЦЦ˦ȥзһĨ˸У޲ɢ֮ϯ㱣أǶлټġ༸Ҳ׷׹˵űء
תһĿϣеĲһţЦСܣɷӵһ¡
һٺһЦ֮ã̤ǰӽӵ뻳С
СܣҪ˽㡣ֻ˲üһشƿһͻȻһһ£ЦתӶȥգ۱ʧǰ
һЦҡҡͷתˣҲóˡ
ºһһֱЦ
ôˣʲô𣿡һһãȻ
ϴţЦųһָһ¡
һһ죬һˮһգԼӡһʺĴӡǸղźµġ

µ۹һΪСϣ½覶Ī壬ĪסŵԨԴĪˡ
Ī˺һҲճϢƿСϰħʷϳ˵Ľ뷨Ī˽ϵѪΪΪĺᡣ
첻֪ʲôӣĪе˶ۼ˴ӵıԼĿԶƺڵȴ˭ĵ
һ죬֪峤֮ܲǰϻһλģĪŮ˵еⲻ͡
ǰϣܹҪȻٻҪˡһŮЦŴȤ峤ῡĩ޵ŮǳĽֻϧ峤β˭һ֮ǧı顣
ᣬȡЦңʵÿ峤ҾˣûʲôΪ峤ݲκŮˡٻŮȻһ̾Щʧ䡣
ѵ峤ϲˣ˭һŮ׷ʡ
ٻҿ˿Ķֹһ䣬ŮԼסԼͣѹʵô֪ģ
ʵҲʲôܣ˶Կó֮ԱҲΪٻʧ
һŮʵʱȺͻȻһ󻶺ٻĿȥͼԶһСڵ㣬ٳٶ֮է࣬ոջĿգһ۾Ĺ̾һƵĵǰ
延һֻȻĬԣ˪ɫԺϵ𲻿ҾǰɫĸɺѪȻпս
ףҲ˵ʮߵħֵĿ飬븸׼ʮ˵೯һͷΰ˹ʹԼĸףıĩ˿ı䡣
Ϣٽһϣʧ˵ͷɭһ˿οʮ⣬㵱ԼǾƲսĪʮ˵пῼ飬Сȴײײشһأ벻
ӦһֱŴȥ˷׷ɢóһ°شǰ߹
峤ıӰù¶òɣٻ૵ڸոգɢĺ㶳ѪҺ˱
Ī˷ǳͣľͷʯɣûйװΣΨһݳ޵ƷǼҼǽͷϹŵɣиֽҲиϵȣóȥһߵļǮеĺխǼֵǡ
һѵԼĴϣ͸ĺͷԼϥϡ
Īʮ˵飬û֮⣬ĿһһѣǻڹŹأδʵڵѪȫѣٻҲࡣ
ү಻ʧġ״γ˲


379 ƲԳԷ


Ҫ˵µ۹۹еһֻھ۹۹һٽƣһˣѾʧ˽һĹ´ԭΣȫפںųƲ½һ˹ȣ˷պգʲôʱ޽޴ӿ֤
˹ȫ˰ٹɽΪߣȫشľʯɣߴʮףݾأҪ빥ûʮڶԷı
ֻҪƴ˷ݣôµ۹ȫ¶ڿѪ֮£ֻʱѡ
ͬµ۹ʦڴˣ˹Ⱥİ´Գ֡
ʱһһ˾ʮİſ۹߾߽˰µ۹Ȼȫ˿۹֣֮սζĩȫɢȥ
ΪԤµ۹Сɾαװ۹ɱӣ߾ѵرأ̲ǳϸ񡣵Ȼһһ˵ͬ裬ر˱߾ߡ
һ·һҲŪڲ½ƣҲﾹȻ˰ꡣ
ûǵǰǱóǳ֣ΪʲôҪսأ˿̻ǰһСЩ﷿ݴ룬඼дչĺۼʯ·ϻһ̲̲ɺԵѪܵСڷ﷭ʲô
ҪҪǡҲ֮ġ
һҡҡͷսǲпģʧİպֹ˵ģΪǻţܹãǾͿԼˡ
ôȥô䡭¼һԽԽСק½ǲٳˡ
һʳǮɣǵǰĴȥıһ̾һ˵̫ˣȻһǴѪȹĶǣҪɰöࡣ
»һؿһһȻЩȥţһʾҲȥ
˵սǲǿҪˣµ۹һĹˣԶ˰ɡ
濴ˣ޳һ˭Ҳ֪ôһ˵ĿڷϵɨͷɻȴԽԽڰ̻µ۹Ľݼ嵽ʲôϵΪεȻûжأѵڰ̻ʴĽݼˣ
һ￪ʼ½ľƣЩʶó޽ڵϻһ½ļ׵ͼ۹԰µ۹Ĺơ
ͻȻһıһ޽صߵĺɽϡ
ڵ𣿡һĵͼʵ
Ա𵽺ɽʹûֹͣɧţǲƶĺɽ˴εĲһѵĻᣬ岻ĻŹᡣһüͷ˵ĿⶨڵϵĵͼϣɽӰµ۹Ͻ߾۹ȫѹǰߣı߷²ôܡ
µ۹๴ᣬǡһ૵ɫͻȻһ䣬ƺǳ
ʱѿĵشţ˻ʮ㡣
һû̸⣬ĿǰҪľҵһǣҵķֲ뵽͵ŭԼ޼СһȽϴĳȻܵսϴ񣬵Ļʩһ㲻ȫ١
Ϊ˲鷳һ˸ͷˣ˫ȫ˶񣬶һһƲٺڴϣţģǲҪٸˡ
ʱĻߣһ·˽Ҳ̶ӡȻսкܴΣԣЩͦշսƣʮƽʱ
ǰǰµ۹һһУǽƮӦǿ۹ĴͻפأĴͻźӥŶǹսֱϽ
һһ˸һ̶ӵĺ棬̶һܼģĵضسǵʿͷȻ˼ʿʿüЦУеѲ鶼ˡ
ͻţҿǲèŻࡣһһЦΪ۹Ĵ֮һ;Ȼɢսۻ軨ˡ
ȵһһҪʱسǵʿгìһܣ۾бһТ
һǺЦЦ˳ͳöҶʿʿҪУĿȴһ󼸸ŶŮϣȻ˫ǴŶ񣬵ȴʮˡ
⼸λǣһλʿɫɫʵ
ҵķˡһͫһȴȻ΢Ц
ķˣСӺøΪʲôŶأֵǿ۶ðһʿЦǰƿ˫Ķ
һҽУʿֻѴ
Ҫüþգ㾴ƫƫҪȷƣֵܹ˭أһٺЦ۾ȴɱ⣬˭Ů˾͵
һʿһԣڣ̱һӶʮҵĶ顣һŽǵ̶һ˿Χ˺Ϸ
⼸˶ǰµ۹ļϸͨͨץзɱۡͻŶӳ־ʲôҲʣ˽ۣһȻѣȻ˱޳ܵġ
ţЩｻˣҪ˵ڶоͲýϴˡһٺЦŶԱߵţ
ЩﻹҪһУо㹻ˣϴǴзػͨͨˡţεһ𵱳Ӷŵ龰̫ˬˡ
㡣һʼЦ͵ս޳һЩӵİɣսмġ
ʿӳеˣոֻΪһ۶ֵʿ÷ʱһƺһҲǷٿţѪţۣ²顣Ҹ̨ȴţѺٺЦǰһƬȭӰ£ʮ˵ĶɲǼҽŵ˳ȥԴҵϡãԽ
ţм֣Ըַþմ
ţѪֶʱΧ˾ϣǽϵʿ˵ϮľפڳǽΧĴ˹
ҿôȡһЦָǵĳìмڹˣڳǽǼ߼ʦ˵ƨǡ
ʱǽϳһȫеӰͷһ޺ͻŵĽȫ¾ֻʣֻ۾¶档
ô£⽫ɳʵ
ǽʱ˽ľ˵һ顣
⽫̽ͷһ૵Ȼ


380 һ


һУ̧ͷȥĿ¶һ˿ζ΢Ц
ͨͨס֡ǽϵĽɳȵĻһͬӳǽϷ¡
Χסһһ˵ʿջس⽫һ
һζٺЦּˡ
⽫ͷĿһһɨţҪͣĸá
Ǹɡ⽫漴תһһеĳȥ
һڹռפؾӵ߽ס⽫һе߽ˡ
ݻĴ⽫ϲ֮ңɳ϶һš
ҸôƺأһЦ⽫ӡ
ûб˵ʱԽҹס⽫۾һ˿
һ֣ţ˾衣
һЦװףڳˣҺ֪ʧ֮ôġ
׳ȥͷ澹Ȼźɫͷֻ¶۾棬һ軺һڣֹ侹һ˿ţ⵹һЩԾ
ģа취˵̧ʵɵİɡ
˵أһתЦҲϡ
֮£үĪɳƵЦ
㵹ǿңԺһΣһŹףǴ΢ЦεѹȴɲǼ˹ס
ͫһúȻû뵽̶̰һʵǿɢǶǿϲžеģһѹֻһˣûù׺ѿ
ү˵ЦˡڨڨһЦȻû뵽һ˵
û˵ЦԿһ£ǸˣӦòµ͸ĩһٺЦ
ĩ˭˵׼أ¹˭вö֪ɳƵЦ¶һ˿ɫһ¼ɲѡ
ȻˣǾͲǿˣ׽¶࣬Ҳʹ˱һ𣬶Ź׵۾˵
Ҳǿүˣүߡ͡
˳һϵ΢Ц˼ղ֮ԳҲֻ̽ѣûͶ͹ˣҲߡ
ڳйȦѰһ¥һʵģùΪսڰһӣͻȻ֮Щ֡
Ҳս弸ڰ˵Ҳ˵ùȥ˵
㲻սĺڰ̫սôǣѵϺͿˣôñ˲ӼܿվȨһĿ˵ƺҵһ˿ͷ
ô˵Ҳе˼սĺڰսô˳𣿡һ㼴͸
ҲµûӥҲսڰˣһʧȥƣս³֪żĵĩϼ塣һ˵
һ£ҳȥе顣һ˵򿪰žֱ¥ȥˡ
¥˲Ǻܶ࣬һЩ·ãųƹڹ̨Ϸʱ
ƹģǵéģȥһ¡һʵ
ƹ̧ͷԸԱߵĻƴһȥͻȻһϵĴһֵƣʱһתָĵλүéںԺС
ƹĴһԺƵˣһ鷿Сֻƹһƿ£һαװǽڵħϢĴˡ
˰Ųμһңƹıصϥ
ɣʲôҵ鱨ûСһʵ
еģԺ򡣡ƹҽĺһĩ򿪷ӡͲ
һ󿪷ӡչţһŭģʱǰ֮ȥսڶںɽ崴鱨ֲܺ岻ѰԼ
һתȦص鱨ǰĲ²Ӧˣǲ֪ǲµ۹ǱΪ飿ŭҪսһеͷۣ϶һ飬ôȥçԭʱҪںˡʱȫɳ˫ӪԼ𲻴˵ʱȶֻҪưµ۹˹ȷߣսҲͲҪˣ۹ֵʱˡ
Ҫ빥˹ȷҲô׵飬̺ķѵľɲСĿϵԽöԿ۹ԽҴʱѽ붬µ۹شأʮֺ䣬۹ʿ϶Ӧʱˮй鷳ġ
һһ˲˺ܶ࣬дܺӡãƹʹǼɽбҪȥһ˹ȷˣ˵ܹƵãֲ¾ȥçԭ
ңһص¥ᣬʱ룬͵ˡ
㷹һһ˳˾¥ʱɫѱû谵󣬱ֳˡ
ҹˣڴһΣһ˵
༸˽û
һõĵַǰﲻݷӢʮ˼гǰɽѾܾˣ֪ûл˾ͺãͦѾͷġ
̤õ꣬һҪ׺׷սõⲢ̫ãʱһҪ׺׷ƹϲЦտԽ
ƹģ֪ǼдС»ûСһͻȻʵ
ƹһڨЦС飬ֵõЩ˹ʰ
ǺǣƹĲҪǣǼСŷǳĹϵһЦűһƣʱݷĽġ
ƹоһ¶Ȼ飬ѹǰѾȴûСϢ
һüƹҲ˵ѣ˵ͷ¥ˡ
˼˵ݷȴûôأѵʲôˣ
ÿһ׺׷ķ䣬˵һţһ׷ķһˣ˫һһԸƺ̫ܣŮҲ֪һ׻˭ϵķأ
һʱԡԡͰĿ뵵ˮԡƮڣһĿԵʲ塣
Ȼ˾ͳɡһȻͻأĿڡ


381 Լ˼


һĨߴĺӰ뵵ԡԳΣӰɳƵЦ滹Ӳ۾
һ۾һ´ԡͰվԡ۵˵үûͬһϴãҲûԡ̸µϰߡ
һ壬Ǹ湻ģЩʼɣһ˵Цһƨɺԡҡ
ϴôڵţһ۵Ĺ׸һ󣬲ɽ䱸ʵ
ǵԼˣףôǵúڰħƵǱħȷȷʵʵе˺ڰħĲһһƨɳϣʵ
ҲʵԼˣɳһͷصǺڰ½ȷʵûֺڰħ
һĿһŹ׵½ûеħҲᣬ㵹ͨ
ɳƵЦûдش⣬˵үүʱɡ
ûʱΣ㲻ǲ𣿡һЦȴֱֹļһʲôأ
ûһɫڳ˶ӣҲвĵ⣬Խү顣
һüЦʣ㲻һɡ
̸ҲĩɡԹԵؿϵĹ
̫թŲ˭֪ǲսĺڰԵ׵ġһĿһƹײš
΢΢һеľƿ˶һϵѹѪӿ
ƾڰԼ֪ɲԡ׻һɳ
һһգ°ӵŹףòźٺЦǱϵ֮۷·ߵĹţ˵ɣĿġ
Ϊ˸õ棬˶ѣ½ľѾʻµ۹ʳֻʱ⣬ʱ۹ڲȨĸ޿ɱ⣬żĴӮҡҹ׿԰żȨΪҶսĺڰޱϤӦӦϣò˶ÿ۹Ҫˡ˵
ô˵ż÷Ƿˣôĵؽ꽻ҿƣһһ룬ΪԸԼǩԼǾˣһԹ׻Ƿǳ䱸
Ҳҵżλ֮ϣүܽԼУҶԺڰ̻ʲôүܸ档˵
һζЦЦ׵Ŀ꾹ȻǺڰ̻ᣬе˼ЦҿԴӦ㡣
ײһ磬ͻȻվ˫ϥһǰ￪ʼ˻ɬһŨīĺӹ׵üĸڿлûһĺɫħģȻֳ໥ûһ׵ڡ
ڰԼǺڰħһصԼħһҲֻ֪ڱء޸ħʼϿܣû뵽׾Ȼᣬѱһƣһӣ˵һҪһҪ
¹ףμˡ׹һ
Ժͽүɣ£˵˵սĺڰһ˵ûбӦеϲֱЩʲôΪ֪ܣҲŹΪǸɽ꽻Լƣֻڻ벻ͨ
л֮ɳϣʼսĺڰԼĿġ
һ˵˵˴ʱһҲǾ쳣̶ˮȻǵǸزˡ
ô˵սֻǾʦһӣĿֿܻʵۣ̫ӥһ׶εѡ񡣡һͷ˵黹йӵġ
ʦ̫ӶΪү˿ȴ֪үǽƾͼơɳЦ
һоһʵ֪ûֿĪǾʦҲ֪
үʦֻ֪ҵĺڰħһЩһԸоүûǿ׹ػش
һͷӻֵ֪ҶѾ֪ˣԺʲôͨ¥Ϣ
ǣү׸ˡһеĿѴﵽҲվϢûڷ
ţȥϴϢɣһ˾һһһԵţ˵
ţӦһתطˡ
һھƣüͷȲ۹׵мģĿǰ׶ôǺܴģûĵˣֻ棬Ҫֻôࣿҹ׵ϴ͸أܷЩԼƵĸоƣֻһָо޷
ǰʦϡףԽԽ˼ˡһ૵
ôˣͶӣԺܷķˡһվһ½ǣһɫƺˡ
һٺЦ˷ţԺﾡһЩٶ˵Ķ˫˯ͬһ׷ͬ߸жðһYY
Ӧ䷿ɡһȥо䴫ˮϵħһϲ֪˫µˮϵħ硣
ǿƺǿĪ˫֪Լˮǻǲù˶һƬⰡһɧһЦ˫뼡Ѫڡ
ûѶľһ㴩ˮϵħ磬ŵؽݡֻŵԡдԡˮ֪»˫
һһڿˮὫԡҵŰ֣˿һӿ˳ƻУһһеʱӰ
÷ʺͦƨɰ͸ˡһаֱð䣬ͻȻһ飬˫βȻ̣ͦԻﲻԲĳ̶ȣַھּƷ츾ӵеģ羫Ůһ㡣
һȻѹѵ˷䣿ͷð亹ؽϡ
ڸʲôʱһĽл
һһתͷ˫ԳڸԵſڣϴŶ΢Ц
һԡҵŴ󿪣ХŻһ塣
һ£ڿһŲӰ˹ȥԡеŮȴģһһ˹ʮâɲǼһ
ôô죿һ΢΢һ£ͷȶŻϢâѱƽже·
һϹâʮâɲǼ䱻õšһĿֱֱǰԡŭŮϡ
˼⡭һһƴգգ۾Լ˻þ


382 


˼ɱĿⶢһˮյմ㷢ϻ䣬ԡķ󣬿ʮŮһ㡣
һεظЦȷԼǲ˻þ˼ô
˼ݺݹһһۣȻת˷ţһŹص졣
һЦӣתɳϣûض˫ҹһĽ;͵ǵСƨɡ
ҵ¡˫˵һ䣬ת˷
Ҳҵ¡ѧ˫Ҳתط
һ˷ۣһӣӺ§סµķȥһĴϡ
£ţһµĶһħצ̻ͦԲϡ
һȴûһ˿ͼĲҵǷ˼Լġ
˵ʵԱ˳ܵزʵʶǵķϴ裿һһֲ᲻صµƨ£ǽʵֵʮĴһζ
šתһɴʲ壬˿˿⡣ضׯʣɢűԴҩҪǿҵ
һֻ꣬ȼһû뵽ʥŮ¾Ȼɢ̬βĴԴ³⡣л㱼䣬һȴƺһ룬ֵµ˶ͻȻˣȻǽдķ˼ǻԲ͸Լ±任Ÿ״
ֱҲЪֹסԼ𣬷תѹһϣ̵С첻һеһĿ촽ţһʼʶԼȻĩĸһѹзСеȴĴ̼
ҡ±Ϣ߽һһҿһСֱ׾ؽһѡ
һԾѣĪ˴ҩôӦ֮ĶеԲˡ
£ȱ𶯣㻹ûشҵ⣬˼ôܵطģһ׽סµС֡̽Сһҧ
һԹصһһۣʼ˵Ƿ˼һ˵ס㵽׷㣬طǿ磬ʱ˫ſǷ˼ڿ˫֮ݣԾˡ
һͷ˼Լ鱨磬һ˫ǰԭѰסǵķõ꣬˵㽫˫ˣԷ˼ڼ˫ʱһϳҲ˵ԼŮ˵ҲһĿȻɡ
ôΪʲô޶˵㷿ϴ裿һʵǰƺֳ͸Ӱѩ׷Σæ˦˦ͷǳ˦Ժ
˼ʱһҳҲ˺üΣ˼Ҵ򶷹ԡұ̲סȥϴˣ˭õ͵͵»شһ˵Ŀ
ǿԽܣֻǡһüѾ˼ٴμжôΡ
ˣֲǵһˡһ룬ȼǵõڿʱݷſԼȼΪСһ˭֪˼˽ǳй֮޲һùа
ֻǷûټ˼ɣҿ˼ȷ˼ǲǷǳ¿һϣָɵС̽һ½ʵԵĸţڼױըԵ١
һĿŹĵͷ˫ץµı⣬СֵȲض˫ȼ֮
ұǲǲ˺Զ½һ˽һƬȵʪ⣬ȴƽȻԼʮţ۳϶˼ֻϵഺŮصķζȴһֱ顣
ȻûУɱˡһЦһ̽һ̱һؿڡ
ʱõһ׺׷˼ɫɳϣһˮҲ޷е֮⡣
Сӣúúš˼ҧгݵҲ֪屻˶١
ֻŮ˵˼ʱͦĥ˼ݺһһͨȴͻȻʲôֻһħǰžǷֵĳˡ
ҲǺܲ˼૵


383 ͵Ϯ


ȷʵ˼òмƷ޵ʣžԻΪеߵ
ʱ˼ȴǴħеԼЩ·͵ĸ߰ҲһĨ޷εį
Ȼ˼ԡϵһԡ۳ɢȥ˼ǳ㵹ӳħţ̰׵ļžӨ彿ĳ̶˿Ůݷ°ͦûһ´ͦʥҲ޷תĿ⡣ϸûһ׸⣬˵СһӵĸӵС±Ũܵķݵشһïʢë֮÷˼չֳ˵ģΪ֮
ã˼һָ̾ԡ½˴ɫڡ
ǳСˡ˼૵ɷϱһһ͵ĸоҲôǾ˵ˣҲͿ˰գϴڿʱǿŮȣҲ㳶ƽ˰ɣֻǸоЩԿ
֪ôˣŮȻ񶼸ǳСӡ˼תŮݷɵѾͷһһƬֵģ˶ʮŮ˵ͷ첲⾡գҲһǻĵļһﲻܴŮҸ
Ů˼ղűһӵԺֻжԴڻɽݷǣ֮ˡûһָĸᲢۣеĸ˵ӾǶ֮

һ䣬ŮʱĽҲڳһŮˡ
һʶţ»ﴦյİݣץǰһ׷ɵ
أʹȻȥȡ֮͵糱УһܣȴЩ飬ʶؼнһСͦ˰ʾ
һǻˣ֪ܲµ˼ǹ³£ܲסıȻްԵȫԸ
һĳ̿ʼӿ죬ײɽҺ˳׵֮
ἤƻ𣬶һߵ˫ɾûôˡߵľ˫Ǹͬܣһÿһεײƺһǽĳ˶һ㡣
һ˽չ߿úֵ֮и촷ֻۡǴʱ˫ȴ᲻ͷѣķӦȴԿƣ˹ȥ¹մ¶߳ͷ
УⲻҪģⲻǡ˫ҧס´СִŢȼ˳ָϵľӨ¶һ˿㯡
˵ʵڵģ˫ΪӸһҲûʲôȴȱһҪĶû޷ĽԼȫһ
š˫һ˫Ⱦһۺ
Ļ쵰ֿʼˣͲͣһ𣿡˫н˫ȣһһ˳Ҫû
ڣ˫ҧԼʶֻȻӦʵķӦ˫ȼʪۡ
Ҫ¸ܵڵĿ飬ӿ
㷭ţСƨһһĿԵŴϵ£
΢΢ЩߣڴȫſҲ˲ô࣬һһķԸСڴϣѩ׵Ļ۵ķθ߸߾˵˽һɣ˿˿¶˳Ŵʶ¡
֪ԼжôܸоһȵĿⳤʱͣ˽Ҫſ±ܿһĿ⡣
𶯣һɳ𣬴һס
򡭡ˣǲǺȫĨһ֬һ㡣
ϲһɳƵЦţһͦӵķʽٴνһ
ĳһһͺ˻ˮ̱ڴϣС춼ûǿҵĸ߳ƮƮȻ壬ƮƲ֮ᡣ
к˯ȥһ˸ٱǲ˲ĻҪȻΪʲôÿһκŮǻ֮ûò˼άҲࡣ
ôˣ֪˼˯ûһֻΧһԡɳϣһ˫ëڲ輸֮ϣԺЩƲסĳ˷˼ߵ㱳ʵֻ֪ݷڵô˶ѣɱľǻһЩٶ˵Ļ档
һȥһ·˼ģ˼գ˵ɣ˵¸Ρ
һƿĴӭڰµ۹شϴʱֽ˶Ǻģر¶ȸӵˡһȴǻȻĶ˼һ
ң񽵣Ѫ˼䣬Ʋ񷡣һŵͻȻԺСԤԡˣҲˣѪ˼νأԤԱģ壬Ƶģ·ǵõ鷢ԺŻװɡ
һ½ľٴһ飬пֵܳȫһ飬Խðµ۹̫˲һкаɡֻʱͻȻ෢Ļе鷳˻ħȻֻǼǿĪģر˻һ壬ֱһˣҪǵħҲܸߣѰħʦ˲һë
ƣԣǿƣֻοأһʶôŴ̨¶˼ɫ
һԺͷ彲϶вͨģЩһǻȻߣȴЩļһҼʹ޽Ǹϵĺɽࡣ
һһԺͻȻֳŮɯȻĹùǻʺ
ȡ֮Ǹ뷨һ¶һ˿а΢ЦǻʺԻ𣿻ŵ֮ǰʹ˵ĩһûᡣ
һͨһ£̾泩ϴȥĵķѾͷȴͻȻϸ΢ľ񲨶
֣֪ħʦսʿһü̵óۣԷˣӲͬķŷõΧϢĸ֣뵱ȻʵҲȥ˵ﵽ˽ʥĸ߶ȡ
ڵĽʥħʦԽԽֵǮˣһңȺ۲ʲô̾˶ˡһὫϣѸٴӿռָҳһѴϣϢ˷


384 


һٷһ飬Ϯĸֶǳŷ˼ģΪǵ˵˼ԼʱҳѣǾҵĴ򶷣ܹ˸ֶԸ˳Լһ˿ֻз˼ˡ
õиСԺӣֻڹģϴĳвŻ߱Ҫ˼µ˾סģ˼Ϣˡ
һϢСԺİſϸ̽飬о΢ϢѸٱƽ
ȻһƤһԺǽϲκӰȴоͻȻԺӵı䣬ڷһͷ
˼ǵʲôˣô׷Ųšһֱֹ˺ÿٶȣʵڲ½ϲ㣬Ǵû˵½ôһȺ˰ôΨһĿܾЩڴ½߶ģ˵һ㲻ȥǱˣôǷ˼ǵˡ
һڿԺӽ˳Ӱܵ˷˼ſڣٶȵһ㡣
ˣʹһ۾ɵϴŷ˼ſӰȻĿȴ˱󶼳һԳ״ĶѲװȥĲɣ
ʱһоӰϢȻɢͬһʱ䷢˹˼µĽ˲䱻ơ
ҵĴںâּը˿˼˳еľ޽ӳһƬĶǰгˡ
˲˷˱ӭȥɫĳì
ϤϢôеϵħԪصĲϵħһ˻ӳɫгԾС
˼ӲƴһǣСԺм䣬ʱг˴ӷһտʼγΧס˼ڿУѾ޹׼µķ˼
࣬ʥｻ㲻һϵ
ʲôʥҪҷ˼壬ǵʥʲôǡ˼һ˵
˭͵ߵǵʥﶼ黹Ǿͱǲˡһ˵Ҳһˣѹʵôߡ
˼ûд𻰣޽ȷ˹һʱ˲һӦò֪﷢״ȻĳһԵĽ罫Ϣȫ
ԭĩ¶壬Ȼ˸֣Ҳ֪˼͵ʲôʥһ૵ط˼͵ʥ壬һĶ·˼
˼ĶԲǵĳ˶ˣӦñ֮ǰ˲ֹһΣֻһѿ޵˼ʧѾע
Ǿ˼ƺһ类ϵʸ˸ԴһĲˤڵء
ǵʥｻɣȻֻ·һһȪˮ㶣Ǿ֮ˣտʼЩֱһһء
һŮԿеһλֹˣֻ˶αװ峤ʲôӣһɣʵôߵпܻŮ
˼âһѪĴʱֹסוּһ޽ϣ㿴ϷҪʲôʱ򣬻
˼ĻΧסһеԺеľ޹Ȼ׼µķ˼
һӿЦŴһֳΣӰԭ˼ȴһһ
󾪣һǱӵǾȻһоûУһոձֳʵΪɵ
˭ʲôˣźЩŵʵ
ҾңŮҵŮˣ֮ĩĸһʼЦ𣬽ʵ˭أ
ʦŷ͵ʥܽ黹𣿡˱ܲһΣգ
˼ʥ𣿡һתʷ˼˵͵ֶýá
˼ҡͷֻżȻ䴳أǾ͵ǵʥֱǲ
һһЦŲŷ˼û˼ҵĶأһ˼ĸ˭һҲǸ˾ӣʥǺöҪȻ˼Ҳᶯˡ
һǸˣûǵĶǻ߰ɣͼɱ˵ҾͲǼƽˡһһ
ʦҪǷϻúýѵһǲύʥġһɳƵ
ˣ˵û˵ưͣôͲҪ˵ˣǵʦ֪ôһЦʦ˵ɤӻйܵġ
㡭òᣬǿеʦֹס˵Ҫˡ
ʥֻܶˡʦԵЩɣ֪Ϊʲôֱǰֲ˺ãȻԵЩ˼顣
붯ְɣֿһˡһһЦЩȲʦĿϣʧźá
ʦŷҧҧ˽ƣСھ޹£ɫķϵʸγɲͬĽǶȻһϵļóìͬһʱסһ·Ĭ
һٺһЦγ𣬴ҿӲɢʸգۼʦŷץĲ
һײһĴִ͸ŷĲȴֻǲڿеĲӰֻŷٶȺܿһٶȴҲһʱתһĽǶתб󷽡
ŷһ߻ľ£޹Ҵ䣬һֹ˵ߡ
ʦû°ɡʵ
ûû¡ŷƽһ֮˵
һȴٺЦڰգַڱǼһţаЦǴ㣬ϻСָһ
ŷһĿ𣬸ոǰ޳ܵˣ߷߲ѡһı˵Ļ˼ףԲĵĳСӵĶϷŮӣȻǺúýѵɡ
󣬷򡣡ŷҧгݵ
ʦŷĻϵðطŷΪĽֵơ
òе˼ǲ֪ҵΣһ૵ϾصȴϷ


385 ʦŷķϵ


ȻⱩĿƺһȫֹˣϵһҲ˲佫ַΧ֮ڵħԪȫա
˿һ㽫һ˼סȴǷϵħķ縿
һûɣһҲûΪľش壬ͻȻֳʦŷ֮˶ľ׮ƵƮڿһǵֻЭŷʩų򣬹Ҳŷһѡ
ڽǵʥﻹüŷ˵һڷӦһģǿһɵ֮ȴ޶˵ĲѵҲƲס
˵ûǵʥˣҲʦ²ǿ𣿡һҰһ¿ˮ̵Ƿģ
ŷûһо޹ֱӶ׼ϵķ˼ߵʥϣֻҪɱʥȻԶΡ
ʦС㣬˵ʵʵǵʥո͵͵ˣҪɱɱҰɡһٺЦ
ΪҲɱ㡣ŷ޹תѸײڶ֮һһĴȡ
ɫķϵʸڷٶգۼ䴩͸һشȡ
ʹҪˡһ۴Уһſһš
֪ʹ͸Ͽ졭ףôܣôһ¶ûУŷɱˣֻһʥｻͻȻһмĴȸһ˿ڶûУ˿һƤһ˺۶ûС
û£û°˵ô̫ԾҰ׺ˡ˷ѿˮһЦ
ŷƵĿһŵֻ̧÷ϵʸ俪Ѻڣȴ뷴һ㡣
ʦС㡣ɱˣܵӵģ㻹ǱˡһٺЦ
ӣŷѵ˵ģҪȻôֲᷢ˼飬ֻܵӵ˲Ųڷ
ʵʥﱾǷ֮ʥڤڤзָǻǻȥɡһһغƣ˵ôһƵġ
ŷЩʧѵһŷߴеطΪǼٴˣʥ̺ź嫵ķϵħԪءǧʮоʥӦá
ǧǰһλڳɹо˷ϵħΪϵħʵ˴һʱʦܵʾ֮˲½ǧĩҲֻڴ˵֮ˡ
һһϵķ縿Ϥգʵԭܼ򵥣һԷԪؾ鹵֮ͨܺܺõЭЩħԪؾ飬˵ħʦħ˵
ιʦС㣬ʲôأһһŷǰļȴķ񾭹ڷȻ
㡭ôˣŷһ谭ߣ֮С
Ҷ˵ܷӵģССķ縿סҰһٺЦ
ŷĿ˸˼֮˵ǵʥ黹а취ҵķﲻӰ죬ܷӵġ
ôһʼ磬ʵһвأħҲ룬Էȴ﷢Ӱٷ֮ٵʵǴﵽſִħʦΪӵĴħʦҲֻ֮࿹һô
ŷû˵αװ˫չһȶٵϮһ
һһƲˣֲܷӿԶ㿪зϵħĹ縿ͨϵħԪؾĹͨ⿪ٶȼķɲķѹȥӲӣһĳС
ٵеж׳أСԺյĶЩεķУһƵЩŷĿ¾Ȼʧǹ׷ƨɺ档
ߣƭ˵ܵӡŷǷЦԼûбһɱΣֻոô꣬һЦһǡ
ֻһǰһɫķϵϣеķж棬Ծһǰγɵǵ޴һ˰СķУƺһʩųġ


386 


ʦС㣬㲻ϲʩŷôо͸ɡһɫ֮Цǰǵ޴ķдһƬɫӰХسһȻŷ
˽ľ룬ͷ˲ƻûлعŷ
һŨüһλʦ˲һɣķоǿ󣬵ŷķϵҪۿۣԼﱻһлɱĩҲ̫ѷЩ
һĵȻǶģк谭ش͸ŷӣӦӰӣȻӰڿ䵭ɢһŷѳһ󣬲ûһʼһ͵Ϯ
һתЩŷ˵ƾٶǾһӰ֮ͣõģӦǷϵħеһְɡ
һȻϵħķϵħԴģ֪ŷķϵħ֡
ϵħеķӰΪʲôϵħΪʲôҵʩţŷƺû˶ֵĴ㣬Щ𾪵ʵħУʩˣûа취еħԪʩħġ
˵ܷӵģֲšһЦʼ磬ʵҲܼ򵥣ԼʶеıԴħԪؽйģħԪصĹַ֪ܶħʦᣬҲֻܷһЩͼħһʩŸ߼ķ빥ħŷ𾪵ԭ
ŷؿһãķЩҡΪҳϵͽһչֳľϵħԼԽ֪ʵ粻ϵĿƣҿ޼ɵؽзϵħ빥ʶΪһʹܵҲǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ǣʥ֮ʹܵӵˣҲǰеһŷ侲ضһ˵֪ʹҲ⣬Ҳ򲻹Цļһ
һʵ
ںɽһǳεĵطȥȻ֪ˡŷ˵
ߵǲԣ֮ǰǲҿһ®ɽòһЦü
ŷԥһ£Ҳͬˣ֮αװֻϢٵһֶζѣͷǺðɣϣسŵ
һǿͷϣӵоʦҪʧ֪ܶɤ˵ŮʵòĿ˵ĳԶֻ
ֻŵŷһϪˮߵҲԸĵļܡ
ŷҺɫαװɢһ۾ҲʼԽԽ󡣵ŷԭװĿչһǰʱһԾ̾±Ȼ縿סķ˼Ҳɷ̾
ֻŷ޳磬һԲͬЩĩȫˣǰϾԱȲ½Ụ̊۾̱ʯһԣֱͦ۴򣬶һȻŵһͷ̵̷һǵһοŮ̷
һĿ£ŷûʧƲǣҲûշŮӵģȴһǴ飬һԴ˺͡
ۣôԸУ׽ȥһһڿˮֱֹֻŷǺڰıƤݣƤطģؿȴ¶Ƭѩ׼Ƥëĳֻϥǣϥ¶Сȣϴһ˫ͬɫĶѥִǰټڲ½״ο
һŷ׵˫ʱչ΢΢ȶţʹһ㣬һ˵ĸܡ
һĳĿŷЩ죬ܾԼ˱Ƶı¶ɫ֮£оʮֲ
ҵҲˣھ͸ǻȥɡŷֱһɳ嶯ǰһ⻵ߵ˸
Ҳȥ飬ûбõˣֻ²һʱѲɣһ緽ʽҿȥǣΣһһΣҲȷʵѲ˹ȷ϶ȥһˣҪ˫ȥçԭء
㡭˵㻰ŷߵָС֮س󣬳˴ĩӴˣʮֵһ˶
˵ô㻰ˣû˵ȥ壬ֻһЩˡһ޹˵
ŷ룬һȷʵû˵ʲôʱߣܾ˵˿峤˵öԣǺܼթǸŮ˺˶ˡ
һŷףЩ۸Ů˿ɲǿ
ʦС㣬ĳ鲻ʱһɽķߣпһǰһ˵ġһ˵û˵ѣçԭڰ߾ɽǺԶҲд㵽ɭȥһ¶ӵģǻûоǰçԭ֮ǰȥǴӻçԭ֮ȥ
ŷһ˵ϣƽǱԼȥˣһκˣֻʥﶪʧĲζ
ŷͳһŷӡŷϵħľɫӶһ˺ɽӷųħɣʱ˹Ϊ·
һӹӰ£ٺЦⶨﵹͦرģҸʲô㽻
ŷ֪һһ֪Լ˵ɴ಻˵ˡ
žһָһüɫ˵ˣ֪ʲô㽻ˡ
һһ죬һ㺮ʼۣʶеıԴˮϵħʩų֮
һһϷӿһʼ֮ʱͻȻһ˿ɫķϵħԪء
һӺһ͸õ廨һгΣΪرǾӨõ廨ͷһ˿һ˿ɫ״ţɷ
͸㡣һһѶͷĺ飬ŷǰоӨõ廨ݸ
Ưŷ̾ȻΪʦͬҲֻһŮĶر飬رõеķϵħԪʮС
ϲ°ɣ̫±ɹҲһزŻڻһЦΪ֮ʱħһѹˣССıõ̺ˮϵħԪؿǾ˵ġ
ŷϲؿ˰ΣЦݽһĴƿɫҲ¡


387 ʥ


ŷȻԵҶ˶Լһԭһжһ˵ҶԴ˿ʮҪһŮ˶ԷĶǽԼһڶԷŷһ޺øУȷе˵ЩᣬΪһһʼռıҲΪǱʶоһϵΣԡ
һŷ飬ȻٺЦ㿪Цˣһ㶼ϣⲻǶֻһͨϣԭҸղŶðʥһȥġ
ŷȵһⷬЩ죬ԭ˲ôᣬֻǲ֪мʵģΣʵڷǳϲһоӨĿĺõ壬ȻֻһǶǿ°ɡ
ŷӹõ壬̹ǵĺ⣬ȴʮϲ
ϣ֮ںɽ㡣ŷ˿ɫɢȥҲָжһŷĶԻȻˣҲûж˵ŷʡ
һЩǱȻ޵ķ˼˼бҪ̸һ̸ˡ
ҽɡ˼ͷ˵תһ䷿䣬һǽ
˽˷䣬ʱһ÷˼Ѫĩɣ˿Ȼֹסȴûȫϣûж߼ȥ
ллһ£ҽȥϴһ»ѡ˼һһȻ󵭵˵
䣬һ˼ѵһ̣һɫŻζʲôȻҹεһĻ
СӣȻǰ¶顣˼һЩضŭʲôҲ˵Ťͷ䣬һԡҡ
һŷ˼ǻԲ߶еɧѣԺﲻֳָǸĶǵ㱳
˼ӰʧһǰȻѹɲô˼ȥˡǿĩĸﰡǵһˮʱһѵ֮УҲ֪˼ǲиֶⲻ˷
һ˼䰢ӷǿԼ˼תƵ˶ʦȥȻЧŮջֻһŮ
ǧĩҲˣ֪ʲôţҪ½Ҫҳһˡһ૵ȴǿɲӪ
ţһͻ˱ǣع÷˼ϴ軻˳ϴŵԡ㣬ʮˡ
˼һ·ںδһ˿˼ʵ
ģǵǿŮ˼һ֮Щο˵Ϊһڶʵ飬ȴһſʵԼŮ
ôˣһʵݷ£ӷ˼ݷﲢûгʲôΣյ顣
㿴ҵķ˶Ӧ֪Ѿڻɽҵ˶Ľرˣڻɽмʱڻɽŵ֮ʱеޣԲȱĴ˲ġ˼Щſȡ
һȱĴ˲ĴѴ﷨֮˫˼˼Īǵݷﵽľ磬ǵð˿ɲУǷǳݷﱦ
ֻ꣬ɹɹ޷أΪռҲȫԸġһһ˵˼ŮһĸߣΪᣬлᳬԽĻԸһС
꣡һһȣʲôЦҪſԼݷɽܲˡ
ʱҲһζò˶ǱԼˡ˼˵Ϊ屳̫֪࣬˼ĹҪŮʵԺ˵һŮİԵòôҪˡ
һ˷ۣ֪˼ǸʲôˣԶǼλ治֪ôġ
ҹܲô࣬ҲȲôãߵһ˽ᣬһϻɽȥ뿪ġһû
㣬ֻҪ뿪Ҳûж˼˿΢Ц˵
ˣҲᣬһ͡һü
ǵʥõġ˼ûаˮֱ˵˵
ԭ˼˻ɽ֮һκżȻ¾һһϢˣ˭뵽˾Ȼ峤ķˣʱ峤м˼˵ľ֮ı֮أֻȥʱ˼۾ġ
˼ǧĩֵеޱȺ棬ͷԿʼֺýύ£峤Ϊ֪ѣ͸¶顣
ǼǡļʽʽϷ˼ʥĵޱ𾪣ھһ˼󻨷ĻȡԼ򵥵Σһºڷߵҹʥ͵峤ӳı֮أ˺һֱɳĸ֡
ʲôüѾĻıȡϧñ˶⡣һ֮üʵ÷˼˾Ƿ׵Ϊ˶¶Ӧһԭ
ơ˼ʯ쾪˵
һһͫȻȻǷƣѹַ˼ϧһҲҪõκһʶ˿¶޷޶ԣν
ǷƣͬǷ˼ķһģһɫͬ˼˵ŴӿռָͳһɫƣĿʱ޷ԶŨķϵħԪӭ
һ۾ȻǷƣû뵽ʥﾹȻǷơ
˼Ƶݸһƾͽ㱣ˣʡõʱ޷һ
ңһɻ
˼ûذһһۣ񶼸㣬˼嶼ˣһʲô᲻õġ
һҲ飬ӹưţвɰ̾ĿƵģƾˣϧڰƱ̻ͺڰ̻ˡ
ڷ˼һȴǷǳмϧƴ͵ȴԥظԼĸҪá
Ҫȥ˹µ۹սɣ˼ͻȻ
Ҫȥһˣ֪˼Ҫȥģһͷʵ
һʱҲҵ鷳ˣ뿪ôü廹кܶҪ뿪ҲˣֻҪǵСģϣΪߵŮ˶࿼һЩɵѾͷ˼̾תˡ


388 ˫˫


ɫշ׷ƮѩһƬױع·ѻһĻѩֱû˵Сȡ
ǰµ۹붬ĵһѩһ¾ҹ
һѩ֪Ҫˡһů͵ĺڣ̾ʧһѩö˰ͻ˹ȵĿ۹ʿ϶вҪˡ
һŵ˫ţںһسᣬʽһڲ½״ģĿĵȻ˦ţⰭ۵ĴݣҪȻ˫ֶ
ǰѩҹˣһ·ඳİաһ̣ȴ޿κΣսǲпģټ֣Ҳ
һӣһͷ˫Ĵϣһ˫µĴϣӵұɷɡźѩĵ·ǰľȻΪһʩ˽ס˷ѩּӳ˼ϣȻǽˡ
֪ĵ˺ڰ̻ûУһŮϵ㣬ȴŮˣڴѩٵǰһһֱ𡣴һ·غڰ̻̳ʵһĵǷ壬ڰ̻öȥڰƣȻѲΪ˸е˻һȴ֪Ȼʮֽ£ֱڰ̻ŲǳĹϵ
ϣ²źáһ૵Ӧüһ˺ڰ̻ģֻǷȻŮˣϾڰ̻ᣬҲǸеΪѡ
ǰ˹ȷҲԽԽһ·ϿפӪʿȫоﲻҳֵڵʿźڷѩɪɪеĸɴֵڵʿûСľӪֻҪСɵذµ۹͵Ϯȫûһֱҡͷ۹ʿˣǴȥˣµسᱻµ۹ȥ
˹ص߲·ʱʼƽʱȴҪиöࡣ
һ컹ĩȫһںĵϢ߱˫ұ߱£ֻϧֻܳԳԶ˫ȫ˸飬һȴʼռŲԽҲ׼·Ƹ꣬Ի޵һ˵һʹĥ
ͻȻһĶ䶯˶Զ׳Ŀںһ֪ʿѵ
֡ôķѩʿ٣Ǵڵһ۾һת˫Ҳˡ
ȥһüëѯʵ
˫գգʾͬ⣬˵ͨһһ׶Է뷨
ŵֳ𣬳طȥ
ľû뵽½ǿѵǵǲ˫·һųоӭŷѩŸԽҰѵʿ
һȴһϲٺЦǵȻ֧ӵ˲õĴ
ʶ˫΢Цʵ
ȻҲʶһЦ
Ҳʶ㰡˫ѵõ¶õЦݣɢ
ôΪҪϺһءһȵشЦ
ı˫Цʵ
ʱϴһըװغ˫ӪȫʿϣһĿѵ
˫һ૵˫Ӫ
ǵģ˫Ӫ˫˼һ˫һ˿ůůЦ⡣
˫Щ룬ԺͻȻһƬһ޼ʵĻԭһɵЦŶһλŮԺͽ˫ɣ˫˼
˫ôˣʱһ˫ӻоѡ
˫ӪȡΪʲô˫Ӫ˫һһƬ
ȡģΪʲô׵ġһ˫ղһһЦ֮Щʱ֮ĸֻҪһɲǵĸж
ʱ˫Ӫʿֳ鿪ʼõǱаɱĶ
˫һ£ȥܱѵôˣһЦŶ˫˵˲ʧ
һ룬һҡڵس˫ӪʿǱѩϡǱɱɸĲͬγɲͬϷʽϷʽһСӣϢػɱˡÿһӿСγϹ֯սҲɵսһǰǧľܽġ
һһСӿһֲɳһΪһͻȻˣֻܹȥݾߡ
䰡ֵѩҲ·ˣǸƹ񡣡һбһŲһͻʯͷ״ϣв֪ļľݺԱһ
һһţһ߻ߵľѩؽ˺ü¡
ôѩҪˣôǺðһų̾ⷽѩصŲ
ʱһıѩϢһϸСͲӣһϸţëĶ뼲һĺ󱳣ͬʱһöѩﱩ𣬴źХг
һιһָ뵯䣬߳һŽѩذ״ܹʿߵԶеľγһƬӰܳʿſѩϡһԽʿµģȴûô
ʱ˫Ӫʿһѩӹľط˳Ѹ㽫һŰΧ۵Ķڶ̶̼֮ſװγ׼һֻ˫Ӫһ֧Сӣ֮ԴԴϵ˫Ӫʿٸ˹
ǽŽˡʱΧһϲشе
Ž˷˶󻶺
˫Ӫⳡսʧǧˣ֮бԴϱǽħѵǡ˶Ӵ˶ˣһ˦ֽİûڵһʱϳ
һŻϵħ۵Χ˽һʼϳһˣ뼸ϱسһһ񣬴ŵ²μ
ʿȻдˣ˾ΰݡ
ǵҴŴħʦɣڶɸ߼ħʦˣСһĸ߼ϵħʦ͵뵱ѡʱʮֻʮʵϰħʦ벻֮졣
㻹ǵ¡һɼ֣˵˫Ӫһǵ꣬еĽʿûһġ
һЦļ磬һʼ˫ӪʿѣͻȻĲ̽⡣һʼȵʯͷʯͷһʿԴľص֡ػ⼸ʿϲ̤ȴûзһûУ֤ǱһĿѾϸ


389 ñط


ʱһǱѩȶԶʿЦʵ㵱ʱΪʲôҷ֪ױ¶вشݾ𣿡
λʿһʻֱͦŵؽʱ¼Ǳĵط̤̤ȥͻɽѾǵ٣˵ʲôҪ˵Ļȷ϶ǹģԲŷ
ŶΪʲôһЦüʿǸ֮ġ
ΪԶ߹ʱ۲ѱ֮жй֮޲ôܶأҽһͲӵġʿ˵
ãܺãԺСӳɣٸߵλþҪսһЦ
лһƴɱУ˫ӪʿһҪ֪˫Ӫʿѡϸ񣬾һʮ˵СӳҲǷǳңǽְһֶôҫĽı֪ˡ
ڴʱһһӵ˫ӪʿŴ˵Χ˹գۼѾۼǧˡ
ÿÿô£һȴΧеʿÿһ·
㡭򡭡һϹէȻ֮һʱˣսϴ۵кѾɳΪϵ꽫ˣν׳˲٣۵Ҳ˽Сɫ촽϶һ㵭ɫ롣
ϹμϹ˼֮ʼع񣬴󲽳ǰһ۾ȴһĽ֮֡
һͷΧŵǧ˫Ӫʿȫ嶼Уλӳѵ󼯽Ӫ
ڶӳһŵ¸ɢȥѵ
ôŻϹû˱ˣۿһ죬һǰǵǸƤС
СӺɷĸŮ״㳤ˣ֪ܿһܿĵġһЦŽ˫ַϹļϽ˽
Ϲӣӿˮ˻ȥԺⳡսѾɱһǧĵˣܽ뱱ýˡ
ţСҲһǧ˳ˣҪõĸǼıЭһλӦģغ͵µʿȥս֪𣿡һϹͷ⺢Ӷˣǵõջʱؿڡ
Ժһעġ˭ϹͷӦǣȻ˱ǣһŽŮƾճһȫʶؽ
ţ˫˫㡣һЦ
˫Ϲ벻ɻȻ֮ԽӪȡ˫Ϊˣɵػ˫㡣
˫ǳЦŵ˵ͷ΢ЦϹһɲǵʧ񣬵عʱࡣ
һЦ˫ЦɱǴ󰡣С󣬴ǻӪþòܰǵġ
ҿýɣֻܽǸġϹЦһǰָֻһӦеı֡
ȥСƺʲô·ƨǰɡһЦһϹƨɡ
Ϲ㿪ЦųǰȥٶޱȣΪһְħʦѾǾˡ
һ˫ظϹ󣬲ñ㿴һƬӪأӪչر˫ӪǸ߸Ʈаµ۹ӵľҲսϴһܵ񻰡
һڽоӪ֪ƣطռһЩս鱨һһñע
ʱһױҴҵƿ˽Щ͵
ô£˾ţһüױıȻܲ⡣
ױһ飬˫ӪѪξֶнʿ־£һüױ뺮нһ㣬һϹǧŽˡ
Ҳէէʲô˵Ϲǧ򳤺˭ˣһеıʵ䶼֪
ŽŽˡױñķӦ͵ЦϿɾԲұֳ˫Ӫ˭֪һĹϵ
Ȼһ˳ȥһʣһЦֵڵʿкЩһ˼ʿһһ֧ӵ֧꣬ѪӣнʿųԵĳݡ
Ȼһ̧ͷ뱱߲һůůһЦ˼Ҳż͡
һᣬһ΢ЦΪһжֵõģͬһУѾ㹻ˡ
Ϊ˧ڽʿǰʧ̬һĳ嶯ֻ뼤ıй¶顣
С˫һطϢһתԸЩǸؿ˿˫˫һ΢Ц
һ뱱һǰһУոս뱱Ӻסһ˼ˮ޼ɵӿ˳
һתһѽ§뻳У͸ԼѣҲ͸Լġ
Щӣˡһűķ۱
һĻҡҡͷ̧ۼᶨ࣬Ĳ࣬ӪľӣҲĸ顭
ĩ˵꣬һôסС죬˵ͷȼزһ𣬾ñ˼һȼ׹ػһʰˡ
˫Ӫоʺܴ󣬷Ϊ룬ǰڽʿͳ˧칫ĵطͳ˧Ϣ֮ˡ
һ߼һ汱룬˫ҲͣЩ͵ؽŶԷװ˵ںĴʱѲŴˣһ·
ҡţСһסһȵиŪš
һһڱỬļƣʵɼصչ˵ش
һסһֻ飬ͷǳѪͦͷһ£о˶ͷʼ˱⻬ëҸѣɢŵȻŮ㣬һ֪Ǳ֮еĵط
оһͷеҸѾ£ȫزɹɴ¶شʳɵǸ߳˷ܵй
һԥܵķʽ뱱һ𣬱ĩ壬ԭʼײֳߣһһгһƺԶȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãʼЪͣһƬǽ壬һƬƬʪۼ֤˵ķ
һҪһĻУָһʵŻȦȦȴͻȻǰҧһĶ


390 죬


һ뱱о߳ʱѽ磬һ硣ʱ˫Ӫѵʿ½½ˣӪлͷѾʼ׼͡
ı޲ɷ֮ǰı䣬ĵŮζɢ
ˣ˼վվˡ΢Թ
ң֪ղ˭ŻҪġһٺЦڱ¡
һһۣ˭ɫţ˭
һ㶣§űЦѾͷһ˶ϲ
ʱһϲĴлȴͷȺܰԡ
һɿЦһȭܰԽʵţܰԣҪ˵ɱĵȫġ
ܰԺٺЦЦܾϲɱˣŪıʲôҪˡ
һЦЦÿɷ֪ܰԾıˣֻ˫Ӫıɫıλרɱˡ
ܰԣ˴ս˫Ӫʧ˶ˣһʵ
˫ӪСսʮһǧʮˣһʮˡᵽܰԵɶǾеľ񰡡
ƺûãһʵ˵ǧˣ˫ӪܹҲһǧ˰
ؽѾ׵ʿĹǻֶռˣʿͷ۹ǰʿŵġܰԻش
ܺãĲ֪ͨнʿ緹ȫ弯ϣҪȥĽʿҪ֪ЩΪ˫Ӫ˵ĽʿӢۣ˫ӪԶסǣҲԶסǡһµ˵û˵Ϊ˵Ϊ˫ӪΪ˫ӪĴΪ˿۹˫ӪսʿҲֻһһˡ
ǣܰһתȥֵ֪ͨµʿˡ
ʱоʲԶһʵƿţ»˫һ˹ǵ˫ӪʱһԸϹȥ֪ͨţµġ
ϸشһߵıа̾ȻԼߵŮûһƽġ
ôҲңʱû㶼ˡ½һֲһ˫ֻʣһڳʱʮֻֿţһͷһС˫ӪʿֱվһԵȺŽһķ˻ȥ
˯㲻ĳ㡣һЦµıӡ
ξˣ´Ҫε֪֪һᵣĵġĿһĴֺߺߵ
֪ˣ´һһߵģˣʶһ£ԺǾǺýˡһЦŶ˫Ů
ŮǴŮˣҲ֪ܶռһôԺҪദһȻúúһ¸顣
ʵ˫»бŮԸˣ˵֮ҪҪһʱģһŮĬʮ㣬ûСʱദø˶Ľһ㣬ٱϿ
Թ緹ȻƮŷ׷ĶëѩХžѩתһӪʱ˷У˵ۣѩĿ
˫ӪһƬտѩϣȴվһŰͦصʿηѩΡȻȫں̵ܶʱڸһѩѪ۾ΪǾһѩˡ
ʱһŽ̤˴ľ̨ŵܰԻб
нʿһĿⶼһƬȣ׷һΰӰǵİǵľ֧
һ£ļµĺɨŵʯ˫ӪʿеͳǶӢۣǵ˫Ӫʹ֮½ʹ֮õŷɥ
˫˫˫еʿͬһʱ亰˫ӪĿںţ׳ǹ˷ѩĺХһɽȴоþûصϢ
һ˫һѹʿǵȻֹ
ҵһǧʮֵܵĹǻңǶǵսѣѪɾԼҲɾ˫ӪǲǣսսѣǼǵӢ꣬ǲװҪ¾Ϊᡣһÿӣĺһһװйǻҵչޣÿչм䶼һ֡
£¡е˫Ӫʿ˻ߵش󺰣ڵѪȫһ޲ɱ˹ȷߡ
๭Ĳ͡ϼ䣬ոǿⲻ衣飬ӻΪۡһЩȴǰһλдļʿһʫеһ֣Ϊ䡣

۹߾Ϊֹӵֳפʮ߷
ҹƮϸ꣬Ӹڱ߾ΧѲߵ۹ʿְصضɽ꿾ЦŽŻɫЦ
Ѿûˣ⵼۹߷ӼΪиľ磬ÿĲϹŪ£Ҵӽʿˣ˼ȡξܵԶı߷ĹԺйľ
ϴǽǹǲһڿ㶯ûӾûжˣһСɽһ۹СʿЦŴȤսѣ⻰һ༸ʿӵ
ʿɫʺ죬ݺݵػػҸһС˵ÿȥﶼҪԤȳҩҪȻ㶼վ
˵Щʲôӱ˲ʹţʱҪ֡
ʲôָ֣ҹȥѲߡһŶӳ־ʿ
ֹֻѲʲô߰ǰ۹ӷŸƨǶҪŵƨ
ӿ˿ɽ棬˵˵˹͵Ϯɡ
͵Ϯƨ۹ı߷˼ʮˣ˼ֻСƨӰӶǶӳ˵
ǰǰһҲҡһʿӿڵֻǸ˵һס˲ӵĹһȻֹҡҷɽͻȻ˼ߴӰӡ
ӣˣʲôǶӳЦŵ
ޡˡӽͰͣ˫־ȥϴŵźŵֻͻȻɽźŵɲ졣
Цˣˡ˶ΪװŪֻתһüЦŵĸߴʨʿǰһûʶ
ɽУȻĩϨֻΧŵʿȴȫ˵ϣǵԴõһķѣԽһء


391 ҹ


߰˾һʮҹ弯ʿ͵Ϯ۹߾ǵ۹ʮ߷ɱñͷܣɾڶ̶ʮϮ۹ʮݲƱ˲أ۹ǵʿϹʱʿѴŽĲƱʩʩȻ˺ɽ
ͬʱµ۹Ǳ˹ȷСֿʼϮſ۹߾߾αװ˿۹أһЩСʵʩ˵ɱ
˹ȷߵĿ۹ľҲɣӵӰӹɵģµ۹ľӻҹɱϮţһӱ˷
۹ѹڿ飬ڴʱٽĻһǳ鷳顣۹һӽ˽άȵľأطĻ֮ǰµʤȡؾͻú壬ĻΨʧôӵ£ʿʿԵ˼㣬ǿн˹ֻòʧ
ʱһ˫Ӫо￴Ÿո͹ľüͷеľݸߵıʵô
һ飬΢΢ɫ˰κʼ˵µ۹ͬʱѣڷ飬ǲӦûصһԱǲܽ˹ˡ
һҡҡͷվ𲽵йŵһ޴µͼǰ˰˰˹ȷߣ¶˼ı顣
ףǿ۹һŻȥ۹ٳһţ˰߻ܴĿȱʱµ۹һǾͿ޶ˡһü˵
ô죿ô𣿡ʵ
ٵȵȣȺɽϢһĪЦЦ̬ηȫǼһˡ

µ۹СһŽ߼ۣͷӰƮȻʯ·ϡ
ʱҹʱ֣˼յ谵ħֵڷѩҡҷ֮⣬ֵϿһˡ
ϤС˿Ůһ̾Ľֵ϶Ȼӿͷ
ΪСϳһѪ̥ǣǹ¶С֪˶ίýһҰѶˡ㱼䣬˿࣬ǷȻ黳أ˿̶ಢûи飬ָֻ֮飬˶Сﰵʾİܱܣ֮
˿ǿģ׷ָоģֱǰһעżķǸдìܼһﲦǸҡ費˽ȥΪʹ
ǵ˽ʱգƺôˣһֱ̥ǾȻ漣ʧˣЩùϵħԪصռֱÿֲݣһжúҸԼĴ֮Ȼ޷ı֮⡣
һ˿ϵЦݱ۶ˡ
գۼ䣬˿˼׷ߵСľͷͣ¿˿תһãһȺĽá
ĩʱԺħ𣬼ٵĽŲ𣬴֨ѽһ˿
ý㣬һˡ˿û˵ӸŶɴŶ֮ý㡣
˿̣Ѿͷ캮ضġýһ£ȻմӴ
ȵ߽ڣʱ˿̵ýҲѾ˿̵Ҳʮָˡ
Ը˯ɣҺ˿һ˯˵Ůҵ强ضķ˵
ãǽýúģȥ˯ˡýЦЦطˡ
˿̽һңһž͹еʵ˿̣ú𣿡
ý㣬ҹúܺãġ˿ɵ˵ֽͷϵĶժ·ŵһߡ
Ǿͺã㡭ѽ˿̣ôؼת˿̣ŵؾһʱ˿üĿ续һˣ֮ǰǸĺɫ̥ǾȻȫʧȡ֮ǽ˿ǵĵһ㼡
Բţ˿̵ָкõòˣ˰֡
ý㣬ˣֱǰô죿˿ýǰεؿЦ
Ŷɱٱǰˡص֣ȥһ̥
˿˴˽Сڱﰤȡů˿СʱǸʱÿýһ˯ý˵ԼԼԼİӡʱ˿̲ϰ߱ԼУֻһʵߡýʲôʱֻشϣΪ𾴵ħʦȴû˵ʵҲİӡ
˿̣߽㣬ô°ص˿̵Ķͷʵ
Ҳ֪˯һ̥֮ǱûˣҲ֪ǲǹıӡ˿Цŵ
Ϲ˵顣صȻš
ý㣬ûƭ㡣˿˵
ش˿̵ģЦŴȤúã㣬ۼ˿ܵıˣҲ֪ǲǹۼ˿̡
ý㣬ֺ˵ˣ׼ùЦ˿̼ĩ˻˫ֺʮ񵻸ˡ
Ǻǣǽ㲻ԣ㶼ˣüǺӰ˳ǺСӺ˰ɡЦ
˿һ죬΢ŵһ
㻹ˣôŮˣѵΪǣȻֻһΣȴ֪Բˡ˵
˿̵ͷǵģˡ
㻹Ī𣿡˿⡣
ûҹܲôˣҿƲסԼҲû˿Щ
̾һ֪õԸˣһ壬¾ǰǵ޷˵ȥɡ
ͨ峤ʮ˵飬峤취ı棬ֻ֮䡭ֹ˿̵˵˿һԣֻǸ˭˵׼ء
˿̳Ĭһ˵ûб䣬˭Ҳֿ

ʵѾݹأ˳ķˡ˿̴ЩҸ΢Ц
ʲôѾͷǡҶ֪ô˵㣬ˣ췹ˣ˵ʲôҲˣǲҵľˣֻ̫̾
ҾѾˡ˿̽ͷصļ˵


392 ˵ĴSM


ʮĴѩͣˣеĵطĻѩֱûһ˵ǰããһƬªĲľݱѩѹİղ֪Ρ
ǰµ۹ȻҲйּôʱĴѩǱϾֻСֵû㸲ȫΧڵĴѩ
ѩϽͨ鱨ϢݱѣҲÿ۹䱻жϣѩٲͣӾҪĻ̻ˡ
һ񣬿ЦΧĿѩףտʼѩһȤ飬ŮҲѩϻϷˣֻѩµӰ쵽ǵʱ;ѩЩˡ
ÿ峿컹ĩ˫Ӫʿ͵ӪصĻѩҪȻ˶еľʶñѩˡ
˼󣬳˫ӪյأӪΧ׸ߵѩǽ˫ӪȦ档
һʱȻоһ˿΢ħ˳ѩǽ˫Ӫ
ɫâһһϵħʦ۵˫ӪΧ
վסǺˣôӪкĿģħʦһֵʿźâĸֵĲϣһѲСӷɿ챼ϵħʦΧס
ҲҪûж⣬үŵġϵħʦֵͷӣֻûдСĸ֡
ȰкĿɽᡣѲ߶ӳӻ֣ƻʿ̳ȥסϵħʦ
һٹڰֵˣ˾ͽҰɡ
ʿħʦ֮һʾ±ܿˡ
˰Ųμϵħʦһƺһ
ģһüʵһӦǼһﵽɽ֮Լĸ
ӢҴܱӦ͵ģֻǴѩɽŵг̡ϵħʦͳһӡͲصݸһ
һ󿪷ӡֽչһ¶һ˿õ΢ЦϵħʦļЦȥ˵ĹһС
ϵħʦӦһʧѩ֮С
СӻȻô̵ʱ佫ںɽ˸ҵ۹⻹ǲġһЩغٺЦţղŵǷ鱨˵Ȼ涼ͳһڱɻ£ʵﹴĶǣĸ롣ںɽ˶彥״峤𵶱ڱ峤µļòɿûпܼģ˾֡
˿ͻȻϮµ۹߾µ۹ɵĳЭ飬۹̽ʵԳһŻصĻǾʹﵽĿˡ
ʱһڶֽչһ飬ϵıЩŹֽ֡߿ģ˵ľضȱһһЩ⵱ȻҲûʲôһɫŹֵϵ߿࣬˵ΪĽĲ˵Ĵۡ
һᲦģΪĴҲܲ㰡һҡͷԵȴ̲סЦЩĵһˡ
һչֽٿһ飬ֻдΪ̽Ϣ²ϧǻԼηľмɫ˱峤Ůÿ϶˵ԾĴ۷²ķģȡΣԴ˻ñɻڲϢ
һǻһĹ׵ġһٺЦǸСһͷëĸϣͲشһȻ
£һŽʹǼɽ۹Ǳ˹ȷˣֻҪסؾ㹦ԲˣȶȥתʱɣһսЪͣļ϶ȥһʧ֮ǣҲ˫ԸںӰҪ
ˡЦӭȥʵոտһǸϵħʦ֪ʲôʲô鲻ʣĴ֮
ţǺɽǱߴ鱨㿴һеֽݸ
չһһϲģǾͲõˡ
һͷԥһ˵ҿʱʲô仯ˣһһЩȥ
ɫһ䣬⼸Ϊһñط֪꣬ж࿪ģǰҲޱȣÿÿüĽʿˡŸո鵽ҸһȴҪ뿪κһŮҲĲˡ
ģȥɣ˫Ӫһغõġǿ΢Ц۽ȴʪһƬ
ɵѾͷһ뻳УǿԻЦı鷴ʹֻ޳ɢʱҲ֪ʲôʱеŮ˲ȫң֮֡
ҹעǼƻ޷ǳġ
ԵøղһӵڴϣҪһĻʱ⡣
һ˫ڱɽţһץǳ鷿ͣһ̽˫ȼëѰ̽أ˽Ϣ㡣
Ȼһѹ£СֽһֵĴֳԺ󣬶һϣں޵Ľһ
ף㲻׼΢ͷ⣬һǰAƬеSMŮѾͷڰɡ
һʮֺ棬ɵñ
촽һĿһ·£˫ֽһýɴȻ˺һզ಻ѣͬʱָеһǰĩеĴ̼֮ǰŮĻȻƻ࣬˵йо࣬ĳٶȴǴĩй
ǹһĲӣʵظ϶лһϸСͷҧֱˬһɾ졣һϲСָſӶŪһѰͦصСֵܡ
ܰһŮʵ󲿷ʱΪŮǵⷽ潲һĵ̻Ǻʧܵġ
ޱĵվϵﻺ£ֻʣһ͸˷Ȥ£ǰ̺Լ˫ȼһԺɫɼһ߳ͣԴ󷢡
ſһϣ̴΢ŵظͷһ˵Сֵ룬ѩ׵ķһǰεţȴڵ69ʽһĻ̵ס˫ץס걥ķΣͷ˹ȥ
˵ʵĵƹ£һ߾ǰһ׷ţֱ˵Ӷ˳˶ͷط˦һͷںڵ㷢ڿ衣
ڵҹղ֪ʱֳһ£ɫ»ҫڽ׵ѩϣŵĺ⡣


393 ˼ţľޱ


ʮڹȥˣһ羹Ȼ̫ȻǱģ˵ֵף飬ƮʮĿ籩ѩ콫˸Ʒˡ
һʱǱ𣬴£˫ţ뿪˫Ӫǰçԭڡ
һˣһʧ֮ǣ֮ȥһϾǷƿǱԼˡ
ͨϣ˶ãȻ˴ﵽħʦħʦˣھӵͨѸҲħʦŵĴħʦǣֻħʦ඼ˣҲӵмǿħʦıˡ
һ·Ӷȥٶû˵ֻռѵµ۹Ļçԭڡ
µ۹ڿɲȿ۹ô֣˲½̾ȴ壬˰ѩͺХı磬ӰһʵƽʱﻹһЩðڽȥģǴʱµ۹ңűѩȻȻû˴߽ˡ
ɫˣӪһҹٽȥһ˿Ѱɫ˵
ûֻţѩףգ֮һƬɹӪĿյء
⼸ϵһЩСѩ֮ǰһһ׶ĻѩѩҪڻµõȵˡ
һЩӣԻԼǰһ㣬±һԼû취˫ֻܳԣֻÿοһ¿įˡ
˫Ҳɡһס˫ɫɫЦ
˫һһۣһһеĶ߳һ֪˫ʵж죬ΪʪСƬΪÿǾɫ֧ǵĻͬܣö֮ÿ֪һǼ֮ǰĪ˷ӦʵķӦҪ˵һԸģΪʲôĵôһεĺ蹵һ֮䣬һ֡
Ϊʲôأ˫߳ʼһĵεΣǵһμ͵ĸ飬һ㶼ûзŹ
ǵģ˫üǵһദÿһ飬Ǵ»С£ǡһĹȥʧȥһμȴˮлô
˫һ֪̾һ֮䵽ȱʲôˣȱٵľǹȥļ䣬˫Ǹ¿ˣҪһ֮Ƿļ飬ΪǶʮҪ
ո߽Լ˫;˫ȼһ֣糱Ŀн˼еŪôֲһ첽ƵϽԼʶ֪һָţݹһʪճһƬˡ
һʱȴǴ⣬޳ҳ̣ïʢĲԭϾ۳ң۾ȴԵӺ䷢ĽŴӾõܣ˵ԼŮ˵̬õϵĳɾ͸С
ȴ磬䣬˽һŸ߳ϡعǵ˵һȵ黰˶۾˯˹ȥǻҸ΢Ц
һȴǾ棬һ˯ⶼûС½ľԼ״˼תƵħ붷֮ϡ
ħ붷ļʲôأ񣿽񣿽˶𣿡һ½ħ붷߾Ƿ뽣ѵ˵߱ħ붷ļ£һ飬ȻȷĴһνĽ뷨ǿΪʲôǾܴﵽ̶ֳȣΪִ
һһһԺӹҲԽԽԻ
Щһʱ벻ͨһʱǳĿת˻˯ŵ¡
ҼС죬ôԳôƯأһôĦµЦЩƽ˶ôƯһЩȴв̶á
뵽һȴһ£ͨһ⣬ΪʲôЩνôأΪǹƽģȻ޷ıǾֻͨŬˣԼڲҲǵĴôȻԼʵر𣬵һ׷ϲҳԽġ
˯е»оһĸСһĴϲһѣеԼСִֵˡ
һǲĳ£ŵ߳
īɫƮϸϸѩһߴӰֱֱվڷѩУһһܡ
ţˣһ߹ȥվţʵΪɽķ򣬶ɽ̫Զ
ţЩȵͷϵţǣЦǰϴûġ
һһ£ţţ岿䲢̫ԶͲøˣؼҿްɡ
ţ㶣ҡҡͷϴҪçԭЩħ޿϶ǳҡ
һǺЦЦͷţʲôʱѧ˽Цǵõʧ֮һ·ɱʱţʱ÷Ѫħ޲۵ȼͳȥɱ䣬һѪɱͨԶòӻçԭɱȴȻɱ
Ͳ㿴ޣ»һ±뿪㵽ڶһˡһţļ
뵱Ȼ룬ǵȴӻçԭ֮ٻȥҲ١ţеþϡ
һţҲ˵ʲô˾ϸСѩվ顣
ͻȻţȻ˼£ϵѩ䣬ţһƬʹࡣ
ţôˣһһסţ壬ȴϴһǿķ֮Ĵ÷顣
ţȴǲţʹЩŤͭСţ۷죬˸ǿҵĿϢ˲䱩˶ȦؿڡֱۡȵĺƤױӲˡ
һĿţŵþŹ̹âţ״ʮа˾Ϊþ⴫˵пеаŰ
ȣȣȣţ﷢ĵͺϵʹƺѵ˼ޣֻþ񱩵غһеþ貵̹⣬þƺ˲ʹ˰ٱһƬӰ£ֻһ죬ŵµض
ѩ俪һȽԴ׵ĵţǰ˰ףһƵϾղţɢѹһú
ţִþȻҵƣȴʩ˶һһ˺Ķͷ¼Ŷĺ顣


394 ɯ


ʱ˯е±ѹûɣղ𵴣æҵشѾͱ˳ȥǡɴʱ˫ҲʶоѹŮһţֳþ״΢ȴһǰһڶѷ졣һվţĲԶ˼ʲôţЩ
һţôˣ˫ɻʵ˭Ҳ֪ţܲԾˡ
һҡҡͷͻȻħһ㣬Ҳеþ⣬ȱ˵
ѷţոҳ𣿡ָѰզࡣ
ֲɣոţϵҶЩļ£ǾϢһͷͻȻɫһ䣬תͷ˫˫˵ţþӡſĲл꣬ƻǲʶģҪɡ
˵ţǡ˫ҲЩˣһһߡ
浱˵ʱţͻȻ˻ΣɫЩ԰ף³һţҲʼ鶯
ţû°ɡһǰţ۾ȻϤģںʼ
ţŤŤӣһĹؽڱ죬ǰĵѣһϴû£𣿡
ģϸ룬ոշʲôˡһʵ
ոգոֻһӴþгҵڣȫҪըһȻʶЩģˡţţ˵ȻԼҲʲô顣
ûоʲôԾһʵ
ţԿʼоԼ壬ʱشֻȫϢƺͨ˺ܶ࣬Դŵ೤һ鶫ţ˵ָԼüĴ
೤˶һʩųƮţߣϸü䣬ƺһԼԼӡǣΪţüĴһЩϸܵţëԿ̫
һͷȥϸ˰ΣŮֵǲиӡǣ
˫Ҳ˹ۿóһ½ۣȷʵһģĽɫӡǣϸֲˡ
ӡǵôЩϤأһ˻һָ°͵ĺų˼
һ˼ͳһħӸţţԼӡʲô
ţӹħʱһĿⶨеþϣͻȻһ˷֪ܵˣţ㿴þϵǸӡٿԼͷϵģǲǺ񣿡
ţħ˰죬ֿ˿þϵӡǣͷȷʵϴô
һʼ磬ʷӡĿȥô֪Ϊʲô
ʱ˫ڵҲµûӡǻǿı־
пܣţĶͷϳ־ǲǴһοأһЦŲ²⣬Ͼ񴫳ˣô񴫳Ҳôˡ
Ͳ֪ˣڲҲ²ʲôԺٿʲô鷢֪ˡ½ӿڵ
ڻҹأ˯ĺʱ򣬺ţϢȥ˳оһ嵽ʲôͬһЦųţֻȴһץһץ˫ȥ
һ˫оԾҪһħצ˯ǵģ˯ҵģš
ʲôŰûиԼסһٺٻЦ
ǻ㣬ɫߡ˫һһҧгݵ
ˣ֣Ҿͱ֤¡һ˵
ǰ˫㣬ͺһ˯ɣļÿ˷һӦ֪ĻжůɡȰ˵ͶԶռһ鲻ˣȻܶռ̤صİҪľҪôùϵ
˫ЩɶһĻжůȻ֪ĵ׻Ǻ̰ģһعʮԸ⣬ֻ֪Ҫһع̫߳
ڰư£˫һĴϣһһһؿڣߴȽоʮְġ
˫ǣһûгûֲֻ࣬дְķ۱ƣһֱĸоϲҲܡ
±Ƚ˯ûһһĸο½磬˫¾ȵĺҲе˯ĸо
ʱһĴȻصظ˫ĺ󱳣ûаҪԽ˼˫һ˿΢ĸм֮顣ͻȻ䣬˫СץסһĴ֣ĴִԼҸ£ͦεϡ
˫㡭һЩȻ
ģŲҪҶ׼ôߣ˯ˡ˫һǷһůؿڲ˲䣬Ҳܹȥˡ
һεظоеķӯ󣬲󣬿Ц治֪ǽһǳͷң˯Ǹľ
˯е˫ʶڷһĻ
һƽľһ˫飬һµĻ׽סһֻã໥Ƚһ£˵ĴС࣬ԴнԼѣֲ١
һYYһ۾׼˯ֻǸոձ۾ûӣȻ˫Ŀ૵ǲͣˡȻô˵ţȴûĴ㡣
ӪʱһΪԤһӪΧӦֻҪж룬⾫Ӧͻ̽ߵĴ巴һʶ֮С
ոմǸˣӲǺܸߣǵһϢȫӦʱȴʲôֲˣĪǴ˵ľ߲ɣ
ʱߴһӦһڴʱɢȥ׽˵λá
һԺһ¶һ˿΢Цµ˭ˡһڿռָһҷͳһɢӨıɫǵǻʺȡõģ˻׵ҵԼڵء
һҿ϶߶ǺŮɯһݴߵжϵģǻʺҪȱɯԸ߲Ҹӷ
СΪʲôҵѵǴȵòͷ𣿡һԺǻʺǷɧǵ𱩵ģһڿˮ
ɯ˺Ǳһڣ뵽ӣһʱζӳ£ɯᣬ˵һ㶯ġΪζͱˣǲ㽵İ飬˳潻
ֻһ̣ɯòϣ
С꣬ʲôҶѽ糷˷ءһЩϷʵĻͻȻڱɯ𣬾Ķǰ˵һ㣬һ


395 ٱʶŮ


ɯعһ̾ϢԼϵֳΣǰԼΪĺһǰΣԼȴȻˣɯһηУѵеĿ
ʱƱ΢紵һ£ɯǰƾնһһ˿аЦĿӣһ˭أ
һЦűɯµشĩɣһ崿޷Ȼµĺ壬α֮ǰɬȻӷѩµİȻ£κһëʵѩ״βҡڣһڸꡣ
ɯһ޼ɵĿ⿴ûڣʲôô˻һû䡣
һٺһЦʵû䣿ôԼ˧ˡ
ɫ˲ġɯ
׻˵ɽƸģƣ֮ԣɫ޹ءһЦһ
ɯֹסһЦһﻹô컬࣬Ļڱ佱ˡ
һñɯߵ΢ЦֱֹСȻ崿ޱȣ崿ʱȴЩɧǵŮ˸ӹˡ
ùýҵģΪǰ𣿡һͳǹɫε˵
ɯ΢صͷֵ߲ù˵ˣֻҪǾһɹġǶӦ
ӦҵǰڵءһźߵıɯèץһС껹һˡ
ɯȴػһ˿ȻΪΨһӵѪĺ壬ɡ
һеز׽˱ɯиɫһתô£ʵҪɯԼŮֻҪΪǻʺˣûҪԴֶõ˵ʵһΪɯŶԺĹۣţʱǿСӡ󣬺Ϊɽϱɯ¸װ˯ϣСһ˿øСһ˿ϧ
С꣬ǰľϰɣʱֻǿСЦ㲻ҪҵŮˡһЦ˵
ɯһɲʱò԰ףȻ̧ͷСץסһش֣ǵġԸŮˣǺɡ
һξıɯС֣Цҵ˼ˡһǺλҪҵŮˣҲ˵ˣòΪԼҸ
ɯһһʱҲŪԼʲôܣн֯һЩ㯡ҪûеĿģһֵʧ䡣
ôˣǲǸɵˣһıɯСԴ
ɯعһΡͻȻصͷĵЦˡ
һҪȥçԭ𣿴һȥɡɯЩ˷ܵضһ˵Ҳȥ½طðյģһֱùöк˺ɽǹﶼûȥ
çԭΣյģħޣ㲻ǳ㰡һٺŻ
㿴ҪôȻ㱣ˣ˵㱣ҲԱɯһ˵еڼСõĸо
Ŷô˵ǧȻˣһٺЦ
ɯȻغǧôô̵ʱɣ˰ٱ
ôҼʶһ¡һ°΢Ц
ɯ޶һƾʧǰؿƺܼٶתһеͷĿѣĸо
Ȼʧıɯƾճֻ֣һʮʮɯ໥ϰٸÿɯƺתĿһ˲˯ĸо
һҿϿ¿Ŀ֮ǱɯתӰҪÿһӰűɯıԴһ֪ǻȴѷĸĸǼ٣һЩӶ˵·
Ҫһ˿ѵ»߷ˣһһȻǣӵ޷ӴԼ͵Ķɯ㼿
ʱһ΢ָһǰֻɯʹһһǰĻʧøɸɾɯͨסԼؿڡ
һԭҪɯֱ۵ģôʧ󵯵ظȥĪԼҲմȾԼɫϰԡ
һ㡭ɯҧгݵ
ʧʧ˭ĿôԡһٺЦ˵ֿʼڻˡ
ɯһ㣬å
ˣĲǹģˡһñɯģɷǸ
ɯݺݰһۣʼƽԼȴһһԼظĴ˫ضҷ
Ǹʲôñ˿ΪҷءһЦõ˵
ɯҲЩ˼ߵΪԸⰡ˭ɫǲʵ
һεʼ磬Цп㿴ҲôŰɣϽֵʱظ˻ǰҲû㺦
ɯЩŤط֣Щڣתƻոôҵģ
˵ŵŲţһʱЦ
㻹˵㡣ɯȻΪһڵϷء
žˣͷ˵ٻ˵滰˵滰ȴ˵ٻһװģҡͷ̾
ɯͦһôģϵľ񲨶ϰٸľ񲨶һģһģҪȻǧҲ֮Ϊ֮һˡһı飬ɵʵŵģôŵģ
ȻñŵģѲǽŵģһЦŶŪɯ
㡭ˡɯ֪һĵԣǱùꨣ̲סץϵһѩͳһȥ
һЦ˱ˣ˵
ɯһˣϴģ
ʵ˵ֵһᣬҲ򵥵ĺܣ֪ÿ϶ԼصζرŮˣһƷŮϻɢŨ򵭵㣬ϵζǽȻͬģһ˻ŲҵıȽȻתıԴȴֻһνʶŮ˾ָô˵ףһűɯٺЦ鼫Ĵ塣
ʶŮˣϵζŨǵòţɯžεʵղһ˵ֻƷŮϲŻȻ㣬ԼǲҲǼƷŮأ
ŨҲʮҰζһһȴһĨ׽ŪЦ⡣


396 ɽӰ˫


ɯһĴһͷˮҰҰǧǵһأǺûǲã
ȻǺˣҰֻһָ׻˵һҰ㡭ӴҰһҡͷԵЦɯȴŭһæ
˵˵⻵ɯٶȲԼٶ߳Ŷסһ·
ۿɽӰŰһһסɯĽ׿ŵشеħצȴСĽӡ
ſҡɯŭ
һʼ磬طſǱɯȴ䲻һĿֱָһıСֵܡ
÷ɽӰţүҾöצ֡һĴֻӳһƬӰӡɯȻûκ
˼ͬʱסһȼűɯСţĴȴ˱ɯظ֮ϣָƺһĺãʮ㰡ԼĴΪʲôСظأ⵹Ҫúһ£ѲԼղõòǶצ֣Ǵ˵еץצ֣
֮󣬱ɯһ쾪УĵһظϵħצĽȴǱһסá
𶯱𶯣ٶΣˡһ۾вϵϢһ±İñɯȻӿ˺üģԹԵĲٶˡ
ſԣɲˣرطҾǿ㡣һűɯ۾˵
ɯ͵ͷʾԼԲһˡ
һɿȣɯС˻ȥŵҺˣԱߴһ˯ˣȥϢɡ춼ˡ˵건ɯߵԶӿռָнȡ̶֮󿴶ҿһӰ˽ȥ
ô𣿡һЦҡҡͷ׼§ů˯ȥ
ȴ˫Ѿˣһ졣
ףôˣҳ𣿡һѳϴ󴲣ӲǼŮ֮䣬һ§һ֮
ôĵϷˣܲ𣿡³ζذһһۡ
ǺǡǵĶҪһǲɡһЦµһѣ֪
㶼ô˵ˣѵǻܸ߲ɡû
һٺЦֻħצݵŮķϳ֮
ҪҶˡ
һצһͶ

ʱ˵Цв֪ţܰرһѵõذѾˡ
ˡλ󱦱һڸ˿Ů󺰵
šŮ۾Ӧһȴӳһм˼˿ûش㡣
Ѿͷ׼ˣһֹţ˫ּɵŮ飬Цǰɣǲ֪糿ҿɲˡ
Ů֮Ϯǽ鶯糱˫ֻǰһĴֲҶºһȴܵ鶼ˣһôһҲеˣĿһһߵ˫ԼĽãҧҧ̧ͷһĴ
µҶ࣬ȫù̶࣬һֻСֻ󵨵סһСֵܡ
һЩµ뵽˫Ա߿ţһӾô̼ޱȣʼҵػǣһ˫³µ£һԾӨ͸ĸ˳һб任Ÿ״
˫һʱûлعĿɿڴ˼ҵȣӾĳһĩµػƻŮһʱԳܵġֻǴع糱ֱӿϮȴ᲻һ˿
һһ̧ؿϣһһںסһʺ˱ܸо⽿۵ڿӲͦ
½ŽظǰȥԴһͷ˿ٰ㴹ֱ¡
ҪըĿУһ㣬ظƿһĴ죬һԴ׼Ĵȥ
һ˳һŻȥͬʱƯĽҲƵһߡϸһһ·£һһȼ䡣
һĺһ»ѲԼĴҪˣϴ˫ӪڴϴܻʱʱǹţҲѧȡҸ֮һˡ
ûһʧĿͷһݺݵس˳
Ҫ·𣿡̧ĵҪˮ˫ʵʵеȻԼģ˫Ӫʱ뱱̸ʱ֪ġ˫һԽĿţһô̼ҲԼƽʱĸоҪǿҡ
⻹õ𣿡һɳֽµͷ΢΢һ
°һһۣסһСֵףȻװģҪʱﻹе
΢΢ԥһ£ſ̴ڸͷ
νмһֱ֪ûУһֳԭΣڼ׾ɬһֻõ˸Ρ
졭졭ڸʲô˫µ£һ˿޷Ů֮侹Ȼ¶ǵ̶ֳȡ
ʱһָ¶һ۾ʼ
˫ȣСһһ飬СڿѾʪ͸ˡ
УҲȥˣҵˡ˫˦ͷýҪ´
һ˫Ķһѽ˻˫վһıһȥȴһϡ
һҪ˫оֻ˽̵ܴıϢԼһʪȵ壬Ȼµʲôֻһ˿ҲѾ塣
һ˫ץ˫ΣβŬţ˫ʧȥ˷֮糱ĿѾû
һͷһţ˫ֳһţżԵ˫⻬ļ
ڣŮȷֵطһƳڸ߳ĳ鴤̱ȥ
һ󡭡㡭Ҫ١˫ӣҧһĶ
һ벻Ϊʲôֵز˫ȻһԼŮ˵Ȼô˵ǲڴʱҪĺ衣
˫ãһֻж·ˡ
֮ʣͷȻɯСĴһ㵽Ҫ㵽ʲôʱ򣬻ȥȥçԭˡ
һһеˣʱǲøˣôԼĶǶţСȥˣʧ߰


397 ʧ֮


ͷϸܵѩ֪ʱѾֹֻͣȻıХŴžʹǿһҲ˶ϵ䣬ֱľϵһֺ䡣
һһǷһͨıɯЦʲôΡ
ɯһڣߵĴλ࣬ٲҪˡ
ɯ˵õҲûڻʱǳݣȴڵ磬رѲ֮ܳΪˣģģ谵ģǰϵ߸ˡ
Σĥ˰Ů˳Ϻĩɢղ췭ظĻŮȻ
ˣһһԽռָڣ˿ʼ̤˻çԭڡ
çԭڵΪȷȷʵʵĻԭˣԭҰݱ紵÷ڵϣһ㼫Ļɫֵ̺ǣçԭ±߾ֻһֻȴرȳ˱Եشһ㱡Ļѩ⣬طȻһƬѩҰžӨ͸ıһŲȥ㷢֨֨ı
档ɯһòֺʮСŮ
СƨʲôġֹȻԱɯ峿Ĵﲻˬ
ɯ䵽ͦģعͷһѩ׵Ĵβͻε
ˣˣǼǰߡһ
çԭԽܵӰԽСԵһûУħȫǨˡ
çԭĵ졣ֵȼħ޿ʼǰһһһ·ħ޲˵ĴɱƺûӰħ޵ķϢҲǡçԭŵħֺֹǧһɱЩɲơ
һڰԪռСϻԼ޷˳ħȺҴܡСϻԴӱɴ֮ʵ÷ǳѸ٣ǱޡҲֻˡһԾҲ֪ڵĺӰʲôʱſԽȫ޸
һ˵ľѲǼǰᲢۣʱһʵڼֱر𣬻çԭħѾһκвˣħأֻԼһ˫ֲʵ˼䶥ǿߣSSSħҲø׳Ƴ
ʮ󡣻çԭвһվһ͹СŲԶһƬ棬ϿȻһ㵭غŨصĺڰϢӭ
ףĸףʥǵ񣬱ˡ˫һƮƮ˫˵ǰйԻͲħʥǣļңֻʣƬ˾ķ档
һڱĬĬ˫ûȥҪһռͷԼظ顣
һǧ꣬ɣѳɲе˶ص׻Ϊһ߻Ϥ粻٣˭Ҳ޷侲
ȻһξӨ͸ˮ˫ϻ䣬һƮһϣһֻʹʣ˫ĸʵطӦһϧʹ
ççԭҵĸп׵ʻΡΡʥҵļңвõ˼ҡ˫΢̴ڣĸڻçԭӦǸʥǵĸɣֻԭĵӴ˫ﳪȴԵô
뱴ɯˮ࣬Ϊ˫ı򶯣һһѹ
˫һһţ棬һһƬ֮ȥҪϳĳС
ҪҪȥȰȰ˫㣬̫ˡһ
һҡҡͷµԴ̾ǾԶԶɣҪȥ硣
һܣԺֳ︡ģ¶ţһͬ̽յ龰ԵʱСʵȻܴӻçԭųһ漣
ʧ֮ڼǰʱһԭòΪʱڳ˻أʧ֮ѻ˵£϶ӲݣֻʣһЩлϡɼ
꿦꣬ͻȻӷŲƿף⼣߰һ첽ǰ˫̬
ֵֻǣЩﲢûзųĶ飬ôվ˫ߣ˫ǰҲǰ˫ͣҲͣƺǳ˫Ļһ㡣
ǧˣЩѵɣһֵʧ֮ǵﵽһһĵزʲô鷢ҲΪ档
ģһ·ȥ黤ԽԽ࣬жǧˣһ֧ˡ˫ȴĩϵѸɺԣøǰһ䡣
ĩʱ˫һĵǰͣĺڰϢŨĵط˫пʼٱպϣ˻ɬˮϵħԪؿʼۣܴ˵رڰϢ֣ƾ˫ʵҪʩűϵħ׾١
ˮơ˫һеıɢһȦĹֱûصס
ܿ죬ƬؿʼҲرʼðˮ
ϴ˫ʲôħŪȪˮôţһɻһ
һʼ磬ŵصûȥ֪ˣ˵Щʲô
һո˵꣬صȻӾ磬Ӵ˼ѪţһһƨƷڵأ뱴ɯ򾪺һһһץһ˫ۡ
Ȼһը죬һ޴ˮƼֱ˻ǲĩյˡ
ˮֻ꼻һ֣һſ絲סЩ³ˮ˾޴ĳǽʦսʿҸҲѪ
ǿⷿôӵصðˣɯĿɿڴǰĴӡ
һҲЩȻΪⱻ˫ӵصӲķ֮ǰ̽ĳҲ˫ǰļң벻ʱĴֻǽøˣûķѡ
ʧǵ˫ţԤڵħƲû뵱һһǽϵħƱԶЩװÿѾˡ
ǳ̫ûͨ磬ζʮţŨصĺڰϢϸ֮Żһ˶ĹС㣬һǶܡ
˫˳ųһ·һ䷿ǰͣһϡǵã﷢Ǹ¼˫ģħˮӦ˫֮ǰĹ뷿ɡ
Ȼ˫Щƿ˽ȥĸЩҾߴ֮ɢ˼ܣһ㻯Ϊ촷۵
ףĸסͻȻ䣬˫֢Уϰ׹һʧ˷


398 ʬ龪һ


һͬʱӦ˳ȥ˫ȴѷ翣ղõǿռħ˲Ƶħʧ֮ػħ֮̽·ߣһҲ޿κΡ
˵˫᲻ȥˣʵ
Ȼȥˣûո˫㺰ĸװ϶ܵĸķȥˡɯСطӵ£˵֪
¼ñɯƣ˿ûûЦŵһһ˳Сһۡ
һ˵ҷöԲԣɯصһЦ漴ЦȻһ
ţеһЦٷ֮ʮŵĿ϶˫ȥĸ䡣
ǿȥҰɣǸıأɯӦһ֮ʵ
֪ڲ½ԺľסǺܽģһסԺСסԺүסԺԺһסġ˫Ժǳϣ˵ľסϰʮа˾źͲ½࣬˫ĸĸ϶סڶԺ˵˵ĶԲԣ½ⷴɯһǡ
ҲôġһЦ
µ˱ɯһۣɯӣ˵îϾˡ
Ѿͷҵˣǿȥ˫һЦŮͷϸһ£ֱӴŮȥ
һɹܲô࣬ԸţһеĶͨͨҿɱħ߱ħĸоȵһһҵԺƲ˷ʮ䡣
ţ˻еþˬΪçԭԴһţˡ
һһţƨɡЦҪˬǰɣȥˬǵõѰҳ·ʱϷһֻSSSѪȥɡ
ţһţǵϴ󣬰ţֲɣô
ȻҪǿģôˡڲҪ˵ǹȥһԺʱо˫Ϣ
ɨ·ĴʯͷһתǴһشţһϮµ˫ֱֱǻҳصϣӰôĹµ뱯ˡ
һƲȥʱһ಻Ծ˺£ֻټٷڣľȻʼð
һͫȻһ籪˰ҰްֱоǿҵΣա
оһĽţţһ˹̬ɯ¾֪ܲô£Ҳǿ䱸
ſڣ˫ǰŻεĸʬһһŮ岢ĩܣǳֻǼѪܶѷ绯ή˫ĸĸװɡ
ֻ߸ʬһ˫ĸĸ뱴ɯ壬תʼͬ˫ˣǧٴ˵ʬ壬ʹǶôܡ
һȴĩɾ裬еΣոиǿҡϸع۲߸ʬ߿ԳΪ˫ĸ׺ĸףⷿطһػҳŵĵطȴһȾ
ħ󣿺ùĸоһŲŵ߸ʬǶİϢľʯʯ֮ż临ӵķĺһħ󣬵һȴоʮֹ졣
˫ƴһ׵ˣԺһƬհס
һ˳˫ջ䣬ȵһڵϣ˫ˮĵ䣬߸ʬǶĺɫʯȻ֮ӳĵĺâ
Ȼ߸ʬͬһʱ˽ŵ۾۾תŹĺڹ⡣
һͫȻâ״㽫˫ŵˣͬʱ߱ûĸʬȴڵһӰԾȻһϿ˫һɲ˫צһһץ˫Դĵط
չ˺˫һ˫һӸ뱴ɯţһȥ
Ϊ߸ʬ˫ĸ壬һЩš߸ʬʵȴǳһϣʵԴﵽ˽ĳ̶ȣָ档
һţһ˫˫ҷ˳ȥǽԹѪ˿
һЦѣɸʬĳ˾ȻҹԼŮĪǵߵЩ黤ʶ˫һ㲻ȴһ۱Ҫ˫
߸ʬеת˫ڹɿݵצ˳ֱֱ˫
˫γѣһĲţһףĸףǵŮ
߸ʬȴţ㼱צֱȡ˫Ҫλ
ɯ¾һ˫ȥһţųȥһʱҲ˲ôˣħѹħŽҡҡ׹Ժɲʱȫݡ
˫ѱɯµ֣սȦһʱ䳡ӻҡ
˫㣬Ƶһı߸ʬȥһʱһţѹûһţһĨɫιȥˣһòٻֻ޳
ͨͨÿĸҪɱҾɱˡ˫ͻȻؼһÿռħ˲߸ʬԱߣȻʩųһ罫һȫ档˫һѣؼȫҪͻ˫Ľ磬˫ǷʩŵĽһҪ忪Ҫһʱ䣬ǴʱǼҲϰ˫˫׵צɣϻбʹ
˫ֱۣ૵ףĸףǲҪǣԸġ
߸ʬ˫ߣĻԥֻĿצ˲䴩͸˫ţѪһһεؿٻ䣬գۼ佫˫һϮذ׵Ⱦͨ졣
˫һһͻؿһƣһѪ˳ˣƴײ˫µĽ硣
˫ǳ鴤һ£֪΢Цʹ࣬תͷ״һһƬӨкһ鼰Ǹ⣬˿ֻһ˵仰һǶԲһҰ㡭
Ѫ죬Ѫһĺ˳߸ʬֱϴܣǻǶľʯͬʱȫѣȻһ΢紵߸ʬλӰţһֻȭͷСˮӰеڲݵϹȦ֮ٶˡ
ͬʱ˫̱ѹǿˮ֮ϡ
˫µĽ˫ĵ¶飬һ˫ߣһ϶Źϵһȴסı
ҪȻҪȻһ촽Ųͣظ仰
һһɯһļ򻽵
ңûھ˫𣿡һһ䣬ֱñɯίغۿ
ֻ˵˵˫û¡ɯһ
һ˫ûºһɿؽ˫תһԱϢţǳƽȡһţһٿȻ٣ֻһԸʵͦۺںӭȴһһ˿ڡ


399 Ǻڰ֮


߸ʬֻצ͸˫ţΪʲô
һĴ˫飬ָһĩɵѪڱһᣬģȷ˵Ѫ˫ذȾͨҲǷ֭Ķ
һ¸ס˫й¶ĽĿ˵ϵǿȾѪˮղſ÷ˮӦǴŵ߸ʬϵġһˮ뾫ȴһ㷴ӦûУƺͨˮ졣
ôո𣿡ȻţղŵʵڹھĶǣɢһոʵ̫ˣԼҲճյ
˫˯ȥӣһ̾һվ˵ʱһ°ɡ˵һ˲ԶȥţѨϰѹ£ţ˹ǽֵĺ򣬳һСû󰭡

ʧ֮ǵҹɫޱȣϿյĺŨûеˣӵһһѡ
ЩӵصԳΪΧһͰֻǾվţеһŵܣûΪ£ľҲֻʧܹ֮ˣҲӦΪ˫ڴ˵ԭ
һһڱһƬĳԺ񣬽˫˴Ϣʱһڳߵ¥ϣаǿſʲô쳣ˮü˼š
ڳŵӰһԺطţԽԽÿɣһһȴŵıζ
˵ʧ֮Ǳڰ֮ģĪһϵе¼Ǻڰ֮ġĩûʲô˵
һʼ˵ʬڷŶʮѰζݣ֮ܵȥҲڵϣŵô룬Ϊġ
ôһһеʣǧ꣬һôľ־Ϊ˶Ըǧ󸴻˫ƺЩ˵ͨ
һϸػ뵱ʱΣһһ顣߸ʬͻȻ临Ϊ˫ƬʮָɾڣȻ߸ʬϵĹħʼתžͳ֮һϵе顣
ô˵ֻ˫µˡһ૵ͷ͵ģɴͲȥˡ
ʱһͻȻڵغӰϲҪʧ֮ǵĺڰռ䣬ڵʧ֮ϼһôʧƵء
Сӡֹʲôأڱ˵˼ҵĻϤһԺûһЩ
ϲģ͸˵ˣʱкȺðɣͻȻð˰һû
СӣøлҲŶԣΪ޸ãڵ֮һıԴڰӰЦȷʵ͸¶һ˿ƣ
ôࣿлл˼ˣɶʱʵ壬֤ĺģҪǮǮҪ椡һһû¶ʱüЦһͨͷ֧Ʊ˹ȥ
ƶ죬ʱ仹磬ȥһ˺ڰռɡӰЦ
ȥǡһЩԥ˫ڻ֮Уɲʱ뿪
ᵢܾõģСںڰռôãӦ֪ںڰռһ£ҲŹ죬ʱұ֤춼ûӰ˵
һҲǣںڰռôãһŷֻûһ죬Ҫˣ¶ţڵʱͳһ߻ˡ
һںӰָʧ֮ΧʱһּðһƺӳĻĵؾ񵱳һѿһĿӣһɵĺڶһļ¡
ŸʲôȥɡӰߴٵ
Ѿȥһˣһŵһ㣬ƮƮڶȥѿĿϣûһָֻԭ
һ׹ʱ䣬һ䵽ƬֻкڰɫĺڰռͬڵɽҰĺڰħȺУһֱӽǺ̶Աߡ
ϲģҪµضһʵǸѵ
ϻ˷ʱˣȥӰĬһ£û˵ȻѲһеͷ
һֹһʱɲͬգССĺ̶ǿȥġסˮеĺѹǱһʱ䣬һڿǸҵڣõľͨϷԸЩĹ㣬ɱصڡ
һ·ȥͨ裬Щɵĵܵļһѱ޸˽̿ΨһҴɷܣɵƻҷˡ
һ̤ǸϤĴͻȻӿһ֪ļÿһϸͻȻԾеܹС
ϵڤȷŽȥӦ֪ôġӰҲ÷ǳƽȣ֪ҲǷǳġ
һЩȻԼڵļܵӰӰġͳڤȣҵϵİףȷȥܺ澿ᷢʲô飬Ӱǲ²Ǵ˵еĺڰ֮
֨֨ǽһһ㷭תһ𱻺۴ͷסĵһǰ
Ǻڰ֮𣿡һԺʵ
ιϲģȥˣһúӰĩشʶһ̽죬ȻֺӰʧˡ
һɲʱǺڰ֮ĵͻȻһâһȦһȦɢ
ĩʱâһȴʯ֮Уڰ֮ĵȻˡ
صԼĸоáӰʽĹЦص״ص̨ƮƮطӣֻһ˫
ѾµˣһȴȻĩڰ֮ȻĴڣһԼʱ䡣
㡭Ǻڰ֮񣿡һع񣬴⴫˵еĺڰ֮οƺҪôһЩûиоʲô֮һתһϱĿѣ
˵أڰ֮񷢳̶ĹЦ
һ˷ۣûеĸоΪӰӦǺڰ̫֮ˣڰ֮ȻǸ֮ЦֵϹ
ϲģΪӵͿԺˣװʲôBһӵؿ˺ڰ֮һۡ
ڰ֮ЦͻȻŲӵĹһȻֹ㱻һĻҭ
㣬ʧ֮ǲǱģһıʵ÷ǳࡣ


400 Ļĸ


ǡڰ֮ʼٴʼĶǳϮһġ
ֻ˭һüʵ˭Ǹ½һħ˷ʥ䣬Ҫ֪Ĳһ˶һС
֪ڰ֮ɴĴ
֪Ǻڰ֮ô᲻֪һбʵ仹֪
ڰ֮һһۣʵ֪Ҵħʯжˣ
һ˵ˡ
ڰ֮ЦЦ˫ɫ۾Ц⣬ŵʧ֮Ǳжʱˡ
һȻ򣬰Լԣʧ֮Ǵڶǧ걻ģڰ֮ȴħʯס꣬Ȼڰ֮ǱħʯסһôΪģȻˣʱԾͶԲϺţֻǺڰ֮˭ôıأ
ϲģǵǲǸøˣô£һʵ羿һʲô磿ڰ֮񣬳ʵϵıʲ࣬ƺҲûʲôͬġ
ڰ֮Ц˵ʵ
ڵʵǵõȵʲôʱ򣿷񣿽񣿡һüʵ
ǲ½ķʲôܴװеһ֤ʸˣʱ˵벻˵޹ؽҪˣҪѱУʵ͵Լȥ⿪ˣӰЦ˵
һƲƲ죬ҲףԵ񴫳֮ѲǾˣһʼ½עѲȷе˵½˶Ѳֻ֣еһҲ¶ӽӽ࣬ӽӽЩν
̡ӣ˶Ϊ񡣽ͻȻһ췢Ҳӣ̵ֻ˭أ
ˣһ׵ģʱóȥˡڰ֮һس˼΢Ĳ
ҳȥأһɵȻ뽫ڵغӰߡһ˵ʧĸоô֡
ڰ֮ںڰռ䡣ڰ֮ЦЦλ˻ΣжǸһֱһɼߵڤȡ
ڤҰҲ⣬ֻǴ˷ں嫵֮֮ǰһڹӡѹŸоȵڰ֮񵭵˵кڹһһڤͻȻ˸ı䣬һӨӨ͸ȣȱȻͷħͷֻ۾˸ĵĺâǳƯһƷ
ңһ˫۷Ź
㣬ʱʵȫԦֻ⿪һķӡԿڰ֮˵Žڤȵݸһ
һȻֱȥӡֻǴּҪסڤʱȴסˣ˫ĿգҲգضźڰ֮ӿ֡
ϲģôôǣһȻðһ仰ڰֺ֮ܰ׺ϸӨ͸ʮƯΪʲôأڰֲ֮Ӧ߸ʬһݻƸŶ
ڰ֮һѽڤӸһ˼ԲεĶСһȦ⣬ӳڵһħҲڰ֮ʲôһǿһ°ħС
ιιϲġһĺȻصڵص״ȴһʧˡ
ڰ֮վãһ̾˫һӣһƬ֮С
ʧ֮ǱԵһռŤУһӰֱֱˤ
һڿУһ˦˦ͷץеڤȣһѪĸоڤϴϢʶеĺɫ໥ӦȻһ塣
һ˻һϰԸ°͵ĺ૵ǡֻȷʵŮӵİֻǺڰ֮ôĸأЦ
һҡҡͷԼĲ²⣬ڰ֮Ǵ̶ĥͿֲ
ˣڰ֮ˣ֪·һûٶڰֻ֮Ůֻ֣λ
ȵȣһüͷһ壬ƺץס˵ʲô񣬵񣬼ǵԼڱˮĵħɭֵĵص׼ԼˮظʱǱŮ˿ֻŵ飬лסĺۼĪǸǻģһԼ²һЦǻĻˣˮ˻أһڻĴϵţ˭֪ǻ᲻Ǻޡ
ףԣ԰һҡҡͷǸ߸ϵԼǵ壬ֻܣһǸһ񣬵ڶǶһľٶΪ
һǾõڶԱȽϴ󣬵ȻҲϣǵڶԡŮظ;ô̼ʱôͲǵöأһ
һһYYһ߳ʧ֮ǵĳȥоںڰռֻСʱŹӰɡ

ˣ㿴ССѴﵽ߼ħʦľ磬һɫħʦһӢŵһò˲ŲԶϰħŮЦ
ǰүû뵽սʿϵȴһħ츳ôߵŮ̫˼ˡҲǼ俪ġ
ףס˾꣬ްɰСŮʩһˮת˫ױȥһֵ֮
Ů˵˵ĻʱȻ󽥽ɢ
ʥΨһϣһҪȥһСŮѳʮͤͤŮĸʥǵĳԵòࡣ
ףҪҪ뿪ǡŮݵغ
һģŮȥȻǶˮ̶µˮУٴؿŮһۣһҧˮ׸Ǻ£ӺһŰĸϵħʦʼӡ
ףҪҪסеĴϣ˫ʹ߽˫ڿкҵץţˮһ㼫Ҫץסһݡ
һʶ룬뱴ɯһһ߼Ҫе˫ǰ˫ڿץֻСůУü˫ԣú£ú¡
뱴ɯһ¶Ľ飬һۣһĬ˳񣬽ռ䵥һ˫
˫һħ½˯еԾسһŲȥΪ˸еĵϢϤе׵ĵ־òǡ
Ժ䣬˫Ľһ£гһˮ۾һ࿡ɵѹϣ촽촽֮ϡ


401 Щʧȥļ


޳ܵɱ㡣Ů֪겢ܵķʱŭ
嶯嶯ħҽѣôԴľ𣿡ʵӴŮĲϣͷֱð亹
ٴתƬؿʼʧ֮ǿʼ³ݣ纣һʮ׸ߵˣ̼佫һ
ŮɵƬ棬ΪʲôԼôܡ
ļңûȷʵӦѹû˻ЦģӽԺҵļұļҡůůĻﰲοŮ㯱˵顣
ļأŮʵ
ӥɵٸߣкӵĵطǼңŮߵԶеĵطǼңҵļңġԦӮ˿˿įŮӿͬ˵ĸо

ӽԺͽ˫˫˼Ц˵
˫Ůظ˼飬ͷϲ֡

ҲˣҰɣ͵ĺˡ걧Ů
ҡҪŮ飬ֻϧʱֵ̧Ƿ
ô죿ѵҪϡЦĿŮֻߺر۾
šȻҶˣ϶㸺ģԺҵŮˣǰҪ˼ʲô𣿡

ޱߵķѩա綼һƬźı硣һ걧һȫںŮڱԭϷӣܷѩۣܽ겻ǽŻеŮܵһϮ
˫һҪסϾͻҵϵġŻһϢŮĺѾ΢
ŮʶʱȴһƬ֮Уɵ·ƮһһνӺڰϤůͷβΧޱȰģ
һһе˫ڿ޺˫֮󡣺Ȼغһ֣˾ĵĸо
˫ߡһ̾һڴϣ˫˻С
˫һػаȴôҲֹסȪһ㲴ֹһ㽫һؿڵѸʪһƬ
һ۵زͣذţ˫ǸˣΪˮϵħԵʣԸƽͶ䣬һ΢Цѵãο˰ĴˣֻŻ޼ɵɡ
һܿ˫һػ۾ξе龰ۻֻطһ飬ϸϸΥůǵģָоϤŵζǺŽİ
ã˫ƿһ׵ճϤִżİĿʱ䣬һѴһλɳΪһλ꣬ǹŵĻֻůů΢Цȴ˿ȵϢ
ˣû°ɡһҲеʵ
˫ҡҡͷգҲգضһСḧһĿ
˫һЩɻ󣬸оЩ΢С֣֪ԡ
һԲ𡣡˫СŮ죬Ȼ˽һĻУؽһ§ס
˫ķһЩ޴룬˫ķζʲôΪʲôԼǸ
ԲҾȻ㣬ôܽأ˫૵ҪԼһ
һпϲôҲûˣ˫ָˣʲôֵÿĵ
ˣҲˣ˫ԼҲ㡣˫һԼˡһô飬Ϊ࣬ȻҲ㽫ɱˣȫܹ׵ʱǵĽ⣬һǻҰʱжôʹడ
ɵѾͷȥˣڲǶ𣿲Ҵûйֹ㡣һ˫ķ۱ǹЦ⣬һƺ˵á
˽ӵţڴʱžĥѵҲκθңһ̱㡣
˫һֱʣڱʲô飿ӵãһ̲סʵ
˫ü˼֮Уˮҵļ䲻֪Ϊβ˶ϲ㣬ԼȻһоȴǵø׽ҷӡˮ֮ǰ飬Ҳûôࡣ

ǱǸŮأҲûԵ޹ʴʥǵ˱Ͳ𣿡һʵ˵˫϶ʣŮҲûɲ
˫ҡҡͷ̾ǲʣûüʱˮһͷʦή٣ֻұңҽȥˮϵħŷԸԭˡ
һһԺиֳǹٻӰû뵽ȻˣΪģȻһΪ˫ʧԹʱȴֻΪԼˣвɷ𵭵ʧ˸С
Ϊпˣ˫һĻг˯˹ȥһȴ˼ת޷˯
½ľҲܣǴһǣȴһΪԽڰ֮ûи˵̫Խ˽öԽԺòһ첻֪ڲϡ
ɫʧ֮Ͽյĺֻ࣬ЩȻһվš
һЯ˫ʱţ뱴ɯѵȺ档
˫㣬û˰ɡ뱴ɯǰһʵ
˫һů΢΢Цû£ǲõġ
˫㣬Цˡ¾ؽе˫Ҳദһˣ˫΢Цָ
˫뱴ɯС֣תͷţзеĸоһСܣһָоȻС
ţþò˫Ȼ΢Ц
ţͷϵţǣЩ֪ԣż˰ôþòľԴ벻׵ô¡
ס˵ʲô˫һеطĲֲͬ˵Ĳͬʱ˫ôţ˵ʼЩȻɵʵ˫㣬ǲǻָˣ
ָ䣿ţֻţ۵ɴ˫
˫һǳЦŵͷ
ϲ˫㣬ڿ԰ˡ¿ĵЦΪҹҹһߵˣһһЩϵı仯ǳУһʱ䣬ȻһȻƤЦûȴ֪һﲢģǻ˫ıӰԵúһתͷЦ̽ʵȫڸǡ
ͻȻһƺʲôͳ߸ʬϵˮݸ˫㿴ˮʲôûУ


402 ֵĵͼ


˫ӹˮȥ˿ܵħˮǴҵģ
һԥһ£˵㸸׺׵ʬǰġ
ᵽǣ˫鲻һеˮ
˫㲻ѹƺ͸¶Ź죬룬㸸׵˫ִ͸ţΪʲôһ¶ûأһ˵һֱ벻ͨĵط
˫ͷ˿ܣ˫ֻӳһˮɫĽ磬ȻԼָһѪˮС
ѪˮһȦĹΡ״巭ӿ£ȻһӰһߴӢˣϲ԰ףǹѪ˿Ȼ˲ˡ
ףǸס˫ǧٴμ׵ӰǱ
Ϊûʱ˵̫ϸˣǵʥǵĵ׷ɱѾڽˣˮ򣬸Ͽʥ˵ˮ˼ͻȻƽʥǳĻǵΪֹˣ϶ǳ⡣
ס˫˵ػţƽһξҲ
˫ѹˡڵ֮ҪŪ嵽㸸˵ĵ˭㸸ײʥӣҲ޲Ҫһ§˫ؼ
˫һЩȻЩŤҧгݵһҪ˭ҵ˭ʥǣһҪ𡣡
ȻҪһġһ۵ذ˫ɳƵѪ𲻹ˣһеİհ
˫мһһáҪȻԼᾭס
ʥҽʥھͽȥ˫˵ܡʼħһƬĶԺΪʥھ׵
һҲʼæ˶󣬶Ժܿ˳
˫ƾżڵѰȻӳһƵˮϵħһͼӡȥ
ϴ졣ϢѿһĿӡ
ˣȥɡ˫ͷ˵ȥ
һҲȺȥŷһͨͨԶħƣû뵽ЩװþȻû𻵡Ǿˣ֪Ȳ½ˡ
ͨܳббͨµءоͨףȴƣ֪ôƵġʮӺ㵽˾ͷһ۵ذ׹·ǰ
˫ֻо˼£׹м俪ʼԱ£ڶķ·ͨŲڤͨ
ǿռţʥǽһռġ˫˵
ռţͨڰռռʥǵǸôسУôŪĶô˼أһͬʱֹţǧ֮ǸеԵ˼ҼǧǰĶ½ȴĩţѲɼǧǰ½໹ԭʼ᲻ɣ
һ̤ռ֮ţûüʲôоԼһ޴ش֮ڣҲǷŰ׹Ŀռ֮š
ۣ׳۰¾ʥĺôøߣȫöذɡĵȴǴ˵ߴĵ񣬷ֱǹⰵˮʥҲûˡ
һϸش񣬹½ĵ࣬ҲǳŰֻˣݵ̵òڰ֮ںڰռ￴һһ۴ͷŶڵʵʵһԵ顣ˮ񡢻ĵҲǷĵûмһɫףͻزο϶Ůˣͬģ壬һɫף˫۱زһģ
һҲף׽ʥΪʲô˫ʥתһȦЩԻ˵
ʥʲôܣֻ㸸׻ûü˵ڡһ²ĿĴɨš
ҲôģǴС游׺ĸܶΣûзʲôܡ˫ҡͷ
һܣϸ롣һ˵
ܡˣʥǱߵĽﻹһ䣬ǰ׾չأ˵ʲôҵġ˫һϲ˵
˫ʥұߵһǽ£һħű߻˿淿ħͬʱ
һ˽ȥһ鷿ֻʮƽǽϰ鼮һһСһſʯǧû˾סˣȻһȾһ֪˵ʲôˡ
һֳһ飬˿Ȳ½ߵ鼮µķ棬Ǽǳֵ֣һ˷̷ˣһ½ͨ֡
֣˫Щ飬ܲܿһһʮֶͬһ֡
˫߹˿ҡҡͷ׿϶֪ģȴûн̹ңҲ
һЩʧ֪Щ鼮ԶǱҪ֪ʥǵħȲ½̫࣬Щ鼮ܿǲܸ½츲صĸı
鿴һһҲŹȫɨԼĿռָ
һ㿴ʲôɯеһʵɫż㡣
һǰɫżӹԴͬʱȴ治ʲôԣǻһЩԲ㣬һͼż·ʲݵĲдź֮֡
ͼôô֣û˭ܿأ˵
ôе񺣡ţͻȻָЩֵĲ˵
ţôһ˵һе񺣣ЩԲѵǼ׺ꣿȥĿ˼飬һһͷˮô󣬹ֽ֪ϱһȴֱ⽫һǳҪ
ⷿȴûκηˣǷּȤС˫˵ħ׷еǰ׷װáһ׷ٱѰŶԷɢľħħ׷ͨɢһħһħ໥Ӧǳõһֶⲻһ̾߶ħǸ߶ħƵˮ򣬶һּرĺö鱨䱸ֶɾˮˡ
˫Ժоɣȥʥﻹû֡һüɫż˫˵
һ˳鷿ɢʥ̽
ôЩ̫ԾһĿٴɨʱüͷ૵


403 ħͼ


һһϸϸҿ϶Щԣȴûзֵﲻԡ
Щһ濴ĵ޶̬ơŶࡣǵﲻأ
һӹصߵˮصǰĿȻͣ˻Ǹʵظϡ¶Ρ
ȻһһߵҪڻصػʥеĵкβͬصҵػϷ۵½ǷʥػһһŻľʯ
ãһٴɨʱ¶һ˿΢Ц֪ﲻԾˣǾǵؿڶһڱ𴦿صûеͬϵʯ¡Ψˮؿûоʯ
ˡЩʯʲôãΪʲôˮϾûأһ˼ܾЩʯйŹ֡ҪȻʥǳûбҪһǶЩʯ
һ㷢ʲô𣿡˫ʥϸһȦûзʲôһ˼ʱ֪϶һЩ˿
һͷɫżҿ
˫ݹż㣬һϸϸһ顣૵֮ꡭ֮ꡭѵһ־ʯ𣿡
һĲ벢ûеȱˮϵľʯʥǳ˵غ֮ǲָǿǶˮϵˮϵʯأ֮ǿˮϵʯػôŵͼָ֮ڵˡ
ʱҲ޹һ㽫ԼĲ²˵һ飬˶ʮе
ŵͼ̫ģôôҰ˫̾Ϣ
а취ءһһǹһĨŵ΢ЦͻȻ㹫Լǿеĺ֮ǣԴ֡
һŵЦݣ˫˵ͷʶΪ֪ԼǸ˲ˣԶôֹšû첻һʵҲ֤ȷڸĽͥŲһδεΣ̥ǣʵѾԽˣ뵱ոʵôСʱʵǿԼȴѾˡҲ֪Ϊλ
ʱտʥһ̶ؿʶػͷؿڵľʯɢһĿĻƹ⡣ֱֱбʥذϵһϡжʱɢŨصϵʷԪأţ㶵վԱߡ
ꡣʲôһʵ
˵Щϵؾʯ־Ͱһ¡ţͷϵţ˵
һ˼ɫŵİףͻȻذϻذסһ಻߸
ÿءһԸ
ɢһŵ㡣ηһ˲ΪӰⰵؿڵľʯ
ৼɫͬĹؿڵľʯֺڵϵϣʥյùԻá
ʱ׶ĹŮɢڷΧ俪ڿн֯һλõͼ
ƯŮ뾪
ǷȱһŰͼ૵û´ͼǳ߱εģʱеͼֻߣȱһˮϵʯʥǳż˵غ֮ꡣ
ɯؾԡ˹ȥһۿ
Ԥ׵أɯͻȻһСϺڶһѸٱͼ˽ȥ
һҰɯڰеͼڣ緢߷һ㾷ΣһŤΡ
һһɯǱϵħԪ໥
ֻӵĹ򣬱ɯĲҽϿʼѪһϢ״̬
һûԥγһ֣һ˿еʷͼС
һһȫѪҺϵͬħȻ˲ݻĻ֡ڿʼʶʱһʶе׻𰵹ĸпʼáڵϵħΣֻʣ·ϵϵϵħѾһسܷΧ֮ˡ
һסɯ뽫˦ȥȴеħͼʵڹǿȻɯ塣
ۼñɯҪɡһҲ˲ôˡһԼγеϵԴħɯϵ롣Լطȴһ½ࡣڵʷʶеϵСһؾܵ˷˵ĥһһʹĥѶ಻ʤͶ÷ǳˡ
أеħͼԱɯһ׼ᣬһŽɯ˳ȥԼȴƺһһѪ
¸εѣһֻĶˡ
˫һҧʩųˮҪƾ棬ȴֺáţͼߴؿڵľʯһӽʯͱ
ʱһرԴħſֵסϵħڵķʶҪѿħͼȴԴʷڶʱڼľǰᱻʶелħգԼħһһѾƣߣٹһͻղŵıɯһ޵ֿ֮ȻѪ
ɾһпЦţŮľʱؿڵؾʯͻȻһɲʱ𡣿еʷͼΪâʧڿ֮С
һشӰճ׹䡣һ˫ǿ˫۽ס
ϴû°ɡţСһ㱧סһţ¶Ŀ⣬ΪԶؿڵؾʯϴ뱴ɯҲˡ
㱧ţûҲ¡ٴˣÿ춼Ҫϴ衣ֶûϴˡ˶Ѭˡһʱ᲻һ˿˵ȴúܡҪţϵغζʵܲˡ
ţ˼غٺЦһܹ˫ͷϴ̫鷳ˡҰǰոϴģҪ֪޾ϲϵζ˵ζ
һۣһһţƨɡϰԻԵ͡ںһ⣬ɯϿ㣬ԡ
ؿˡҪ˹ˡһЩ˵ȥͻȥˣʱʱʲô֢Ͳˡ
˫һáȥƱɯˡǹʷͼп˵òᣬһѪǿֲ


404 ħͼ


Ǹõ罬ϴһĳξ΢죬һ˿çԭϵĿ顣
վʧ֮ǲԶСϣȻֵķ棬׵ľ룬ȴ硣
˫ճյţ׷˸УĲ׵˼ȫǵ񣬻Ĺ
һһؽʥǵģʥǵǣǵŰɡ˫һ˦ͷһͷ˿裬ϵı֮ûɱö
һ˴Ĵָ֪һ̣˫ĽѾȫ⿪ٳڹȥٹ뱯ˣһ˵ѾУһ硣
ӴȣǻسˡһֽһλΪһӰԾ£ֻʣһСڵˡ
һЦ΢Ц׷ȥ
һʧ֮ǵ֮ľһ࣬˫ĹϵҲԽԽܣû˸տʼСɯҲŮûȣҪһĿȫһˣһֳԣͣжĻ͡ɯһĸͺܲһ㣬ûоĥϴĸµĭһ顣˴һȣ˱ɯؼ¶벻빲İ
çԭͬڰµ۹µ۹ʱ캮ضĻçԭȴڲݳݺɵʱڣ˵ǿֲصطΪǸ߽ħ޵ԲϷɵģˮεģӦоУҲӲħǵصӴ硣
Ǵʱ˿̣ȴһ˵ãħʲôֻһħ޶˱ᣬץֻAϽ׵ħŰһĽһħ޶ľЩħҵԼͷ
ϴAħ޵Ǹ㰡ǶŪȥֻӶһӣжˬţ˺ҧһ鿾ħڳݲ˵
ˬƨҪ͵͵ϴҽ̹ٴˡAħʲôҪҲӰʮֻ޹ȥһ˵Ļȴ̿ס
ţͷϵţǺٺٺЦϴĻǶԵģӹɡ
Թ⣬㷹ĲݵϢһͷ˫شȣҧһݣ˫շ˫µĴϣ¸İĦ
ɯܰˣҲһּȥĳ嶯ȴֻڲԶ°ͷ˫ʱɨһ絶Ŀ
⻵һ㷢ҲŻЦǿɶˡɯͨͨæƿ񣬵ûһֿƲס۾ճȥ֮һֻǺ˲ǳ
ţȻһһıþɱȿ޻ҪרעҲ֪˶ٱ飬ţתͷ»ˣȴ֮أ̫ˡ
ţ̾ʱϷԶԶһУһȦһȦԶѪһʱֵص򱻽һ࣬ħȺʼֵ̿Ӵ
ÿֲĽʲô¾ʵ
һů૵ˣǶô̹ˡ
ʲôºʵ
SSSħѪçԭϵߣǵǧǰֻһֻSSѪȴѾΪSSSħˡ˫ӹ˵
ͷSSSħްǿǴ˵ħˣʹǽҲҪ˱Ĺ
ţ㲻ŲˬڻˣֻѪɾͽˡһЦŶţ˵Ȼֻ֪ѪΪʲôȴŹSSSħ޵ħ˿Ǽֵǵı
ϴҴ򲻹ţͷ˵
ֻȺŹˣͷ󡣡һٺټЦȻ֪ѪĿֲǿһַǳбĳħޣֲٶȣ˵СεĿռ˲ƣֱǲӦô˼Ķ
һһ˴ֻ޷һһһУ˵ֻѪѾŭˡ
ԶԶģһ㿴һĨ޴ĽӰڿػţЩĿ
ôһֻ񰡣ǳϺһˡһٺЦզ࣬ԶԶеֻѪơ
׷˭ôûţʵһţϳ˰Ҳûмֻĵġ
˿ϸĵ̹֣һüͷ𣬼ĿȥʼںԶĵطмСڵڷɱѪڵأèץŪǡ

Ȼ֮ʸѲоڡһ૵
һƮ˫ƮһߣӦһ飬ȥǰɣҿֻѪϾҪˡ
һȻܾô˵ҲǰˣôҲ÷ѡ
ʱѪһУӴը¸壬ٶȼֱ籼磬ſ񱩵ƣһԸоԶǿռŤ
һԮˣֻڴǾˡ棬Ҳֻɲǹ򣬿񱼵ĺڵʱ˼ֻʣˣһǻˣͣ˵ǰܣٶȴࡣ
һе˵ͷ壬ֵȡʼ飬Ҳײһ˵ԣжƽʱֵܵĸֵʱܲˣеͱӣжƽమɽ˵ķڴͷʱԷɡ
ŵǷſԼ߰ɣǻһϣһѪ߲ۼŮͬǱλͬ˵
Ҫ˵ǵͬ飬Ǿܶұߵһλ׳ҧݵܲЩˣŲȴȻᶨ
Ůӿҧҧ˻ȥݶѼ빲жܻ߳çԭһģֻƺǸݳ޵Ը
ʱڿǵѪһлһη˹ǷŮȴ׼ȻŮ鳯һߴ˹ȥ
ˣ˾Ȼ˿ֻѪ쫷ȴ˾˳ȥͬʱѪήڵء
˾ؿŶڿеľ޴ֻ۾ǣŨŨѪб
Ůҧҧ֪Ȼͦϥأ쾫֮ɫļʸƾճڼϣĿĽ⽫Բʮ쳣΢Žͷһ޻صƣ˫һõÿ¡


405 ݿСѾͷ


ĸס֡һʯıŮһͣеɫʸûȥ
һĨ޵ӰƾճڰУһתгѪ
һӰž˻ʮſͣסѪʹһҲײ˼ס˭ôţȻҺSSSѪӲӲ
ҿ廹ʵ㽫үײɢˡһڿŤŤԹһ㶼
һϤŮĽ΢ɲز˲ӨĿɢһ˿ϲһ˿ӵС
ʱֻ޶תΪ̬޵ϢѪǱʶظеη壬ڰսֻ飬ðȻƺľʹȥ
ףȻܣүһ׷ҾˣϾͳ͡һһҡεǰŵ˵ΪŵıǮƾһ˶ֻް취ڿȺŹֻ޼˫ˣ˫СϣȻԭô˵ҲһֻSSSĳħްɡ
ϴ󣬰ţˡţþȻеþյ𹿰ǰ˻ΪһٱӰԿ񱩵ƶϿ񱩵ơ
һ£ֻ޼ͬʱ˹ʥڿзԲȼҪѪˡ޵׶Ȼ˵⣬Ȼγɡ
СϻСʵȻ٣ǱȻһβ࣬ϵȴǿ뼰ϵģֻѹԵƱѪ˲١
ѪҲʵٶȼ죬һһһ˴󲿷ݵĽҲǾˣʥ±˼¾Ȼô
ϴ󡣲˵𣿡ţΪܻ˵ǾȻûֵĵطˡ
ͷ㲻һ˵ȥĹٳܷ첻ɣһЦţĹ㹻ǿˣٶҲи㡣ܷʵսʿϵְҵڴﵽʥ֮󶼿ڶŷӶ𣬵ţȴǲС
ţƵ䣬ովµˡڿŮʱɶ࿴ۣ˵ţۣʹʱŮѪ۹ģлӶԸ⿴һۡ
ϴ⾫ô졣ţ߽һ˵
һÿɷЦЦע⵽ˣҲµݡʱŮʱĹ۲죬Ҫֻ֪оŻľҪȫӳҪ൱ʵʵĩʱʹûɲɹ˺ˣһ˾ŮҲ¶һλˣ˭ѧ˾أ
һͷŮܵĿ⡣
л֪֮մձص𡣡λаŵĺӴлع񣬿һڿ
һؿҵѣֻ˳ǶѡһЦЦ۾Ůϣŵݿþòˣ㲻ԹԴھɭֵĻӳܳ
ݿĿͻȻЩ֪һӲػһ䣺ʲô£ϲ
һʼ磬̾ûñѾͷҲ֪ô£ʼʱúõأͻȻ䲻֪ô±ԹƵģȥ˵ʱھɭֵĺ￴Ĺƨ֮Ҳûɶ
ŵ˿һֿ˿ݿӣʶΪһݿЩʲôȻԼҲ˺ݿҪ֪ݿðնӿǹĴڡŵվһ˫ºͺŮɯʱԳЦЦݿôȻһŮȴԲѷɫݿǵȻһŮˣһܹӵڶô֮ء
һعͷǼҵĲʱѪ·磬ȴû԰󣬿ӵûͻΧֻֻǺļһĻѪôܵĻһ㲻ǵƨɣԼҲҸСȥˣö޵ͷ
˫ıȥæһ˫˵

˫ͷһΣһӨ͸Сӳ˫ģȻ֮仯Ϊһ׹⳯ſȥͬʱμʡ
һСʱôɰô˿ֱëһֻ͵˵Ȼ֮ҲԵʮ׺Խܣһʮ׳ϿͲôɰˡ
ǲÿһƼɵΪƯı˫Ц
ô˵ڻ׳ʱڣһ˵ٽĿ¾ͳΪSSSħ˰ɣڴڱԭSSSѪԶֻSSSϡ
ϻΪͳˮϵޡ˫˵һ˿
ޣһЩȣѵˮµޣ
ʱѪһУһ˿ӰˤԭոѪСѹɪһ£漴ıʥΧű޵סһ͵磬ֻʣˣٱϵĺһ壬ʱͣͣ³˿סˤ
Ѫ߰ʮ׳ӴһСɽһ㣬һҳһӡ
һغٺЦɾڴʱһư׹˲ѪԴɴе˫ıס֡
ֻһĻ䣬ѪһʹУɫͷһ˲ݵϣȻϢȫޡ
һĨ׹ѪԴſ˫һһӡ
һԲҡ˫һǸϸղŽѪȫ˶ӣܻĻǼˡ
ˣٶȲ뽫ѱͨߵģ˾˰ɣħҲһ˵ŽţȥѪħȡ
һɲɽѪħ˸ң˫ʵһҪһͨĶ
ãҪȥһЦŵͷ˫ĹϵѲң˫Ҫϵ취Ϊժ
˫ţнӹһŽӲӵħ˱㽫ӻؿռָСϻֵѾʼѪʬƤˣ׼ȫ͡
ʱݿָһվҧ´һԵĵسԶȥ
ݿȥŵ밢ݿȻôˣҲվ
ݿûлػֻһһǰȥ
վסһӺ洫˹ݿһԭء


406 Ҷ䣬


һһſݿǰĿֱݿӡ
ݿҧ´һĿЩܲˣЩίǰֵǿһӡ
СѾͷôôأΪܹ߳çԭ𣿡һЩŭǱù£ݿ¶櫵ѣͬʱҲǽΪѵġ
ҲҪܡݿ˦ͷ
һŭЦⲻ֪ôСӣǲƨɱζҲõرķ
ݿһŭӣżŮӵɭסýݺݵСƨɣڻ޲ҸضȥԺͷЩСѾͷʱĿ
쵰޳ܵåƾʲôңƾʲôΪǹҲϡϡݿͻȻƵĳһӯӯ
һݿѵϲԼɣҪôôķӦԼôԹ
ƾʲôƾѡһֱ㵱ɺѵģӵһ죬Ȼþ鹭ӭҡһЦݣĶݿ
ѣݿһĿЩ룬ͻȻһŵϵߣҿһֿ콫§뻳Сݿ˫Ŀ˷һӰһӷֿöʧȥʶ

˵ʵڵģѪʵڲôһҲͿSSSħ޵ǿҧ˼һ£Ը˴شˡSSSħʲôǳӵв͡
Ǿƹİ밢ŵð߳Եýζһ߳Իһҧгݣڱղܵ˺
ôݿһ𣿡һˡ
ҺͰŵǴС浽ѣΪᰮð齨һðնӣǰǾçԭ̽գΪȱֺħʦð߾ư˸ʾϴӾɭݿǱ㽫£˹˵
ԭǳģҿǺչ˾Ϊ˱ȫһЦЦ
밢ŵһۣ˵ð֮չˣҪȻҶֻΪԼµȻ֮⻹ΪݿòǶıĸ˲ôһ˼
ô˵ҲϲˣһЦ
Ȼ඼ͣѿݿˡ˵
ǵǳʵôݿ˵ģһʵ
ֵܻôãô϶еģ˵ݿԶʲô¶дϣҪǾɵˡ˵һһۣŵ֪ݿװ˭ˣ
һЦЦûд𻰣˻ûȫãȥϢɡ
밢ŵͷ˸ԵϢȥˡ
̫ƽߣֻһȦȼյϼһ˿ݿϢҡͷ̾һߵ۾
𣿡˫һ˫һı
һ΢΢תͷĩȫµѾһ£ԲԲ
аɣ˵ɹɹסһλ¶ŮпˣҪȥοһŮһһÿ˫޳ϣǼ価ǵܰ㡣
ǿɲɴСŮһȥأ˫ĵ¶˵Ƥ飬һЦ
һ΢΢ͷҡøƵģôУ椻ԼŮ˵𣿡
˫ЦˣģˣȴֻΪһ˵ĸ֣ԼŮˡûʲôõ黰ˣΪŮˣԸˣɾô򵥡
һЦŷ§ס˫ֻΪŶ˫վţֺСֵر㸧˫Σеԡ
˫һ죬Ů츳ֻŮһȴһĶ䡣
һʹһһԼĴϡ
˫û㵹ԽԽˡһЦŵ
˫ǳǳЦţһʮҸͻȻ˫§סһĲӣϡ
һЩϲ§˫ûмôɯ¾ڲԶء
˫һ
š˫һҡţǸоһҪ˯ˡ
ղҵĶ䣬ǿǳ֮ûġһ촽ᴥ˫Сɽ׵Ķ
˵ô죿𣿡˫ЦʵԴӻָеļ֮ڶһʱǳǳ΢ЦΪһ˵Ц޹⣬Ҫ޹⣬ֻҪһϲͿˡ
ȻҪԵҵĶ䣿һЦţ˫Ķһ¡
ɡ˫˲Щ̡
ҿˡһٺЦŽħצ˫ĸ룬һסһղסķӯ
һ㡭˫һֵ
ġû˵ĿȽϴԾ͡ٺ١һһֻ͵ȳɹèһЦ
ûУ˫ûֻ
ûҸոշظƺе״˵㣬Ҹúÿһһ˫ʵظ󣬾·ܸо˫Ǿ˵ĵԣǴ
ᣬҲҪ˫ʵǲϰѲ٣һܵĹϵٿܣеΡ
ҪҪҲɲˣҵġһЦŽ˫𣬻ջõس
Զһ뱴ɯ˽ʵӰ΢΢Щʧ䡣
£ǽȥˡɯЩ˵
µ뿪ˣԼ߽һһĴˣǸƽϵĻ׸ˣҲʮҪһĹϵܣͱߵŮ˴ùϵҪռĻܾͻͬıöܰһˡ
ɫǡɯ
ЦЦǵķһɫǣǧݽŶ
ɯ֪ȡЦԼ˼¾ţǳٶ۵ļһﶼ֪˰ɣƫƫһװûһһ漰еװɵ㶡
ʱһ˫ͻȻһǿĲͿⱩ⣬ˣµĽ羹Ȼ˲ȫй¶ĺԲʮ׵Ĳݵض


407 ԭҹ͵


뱴ɯЩ˫һ𽵹磬Ϊʲô˰ɡ
ʱסȻ£ͻȻһҿһӰƱЩǱĽڵأͷǱмֻһţóʲôû
աһЦŽϵıм˦ȥŹֵġ
ǡĴ𣿡˹ʵ
ˣˣûôǱ𣿡һʼ
ҧ´͵͵ЦЦǰ˫ǻƻŮأ϶Ƿ̫żˣ˫Żˡ
žһһĴڱµϣЦСӺ˵Щʲôڴ²㲻𣿡
ѽһ̣شһȭҪ֪ɯԱ߿أҾһ֣ǰŵţҲ˳
ʱеıɲǼʧֻ൭Դ档˫Щεش̽һԴǸһգգ۾ʾ
һ˽ȥʱȻɢˣһŨصĳһϵħԪгʱøˬࡣ
ԲһҡҲ֪˫һߵǸͬ˵С
׷ʲôˣΪʲôͻȻһû˫ֻҪعͷ£ͷǿаûҲȷʵòȥ
ҡҲ֪ѽ˫޹һĲ֪ʲôˣֻһ׼ԭʼ˶ʱ¸Ȼһº͵ˮϵħԪغȻÿ񱩣ɲǼ˳ŮĻڳӿ㷢˸ղŵһĻ
˫͸һʱһŴͣòźϳ˼𵱳˼˱˵Ǵ֮壬һ㹦ȫʧ˿ҲΪʱ˴֮塣Ѳ˫Ҳ˴֮壿ĹϵҲܣˡ
˫Ҫԡһһת˫˵
˫˫̺죬˵ͷһô飬Ҳ뽫Լؽֻûϵᷢ顣
һ˫ڴϡͷסķ۴ʼ˱£½סǱ鿪ʼ
ûһ˫ֿʼ鶯ˣڼٴ̹ԡ
һϸܵǴ˫׵Ĳ£һǻ鼰Ƕ˵ķۺӣңʼ¡
һҪ˫һͦСֲһŨܵͷڣ鶯糱
ǿҵĴ̼˫Ѹٱ׵˳Ķˡ޳ȽһԴסˡ
ã˫ʼһ鴤̱ڴһ˫۵Ů˽૵ҲûʲôӦոֻɡ
ʵһ˫Ҳֹһˣ˫ȫѲʲôܣǰĩ顣
뵽һٴѹȥСֵܵλõڶڣոҪȥٴηһǵĺ˫屼ӿСֵܵһһʼһɱٽǴٽžˡ
һηıɯ˿һʱԸӣѲִˣ
һһǱƱ֮ƿ֪ˣСֵܻſſһľĸоҲĩȫɢȥ

һ㻹أ˫һԶĲݵϣһƵһӡ
ֻЩƣŮǻһѡһ§˫˵
ˣԺһ뵽취ġ˫Ǹؿһļϡ
ţֻˡһȻ²ߡ
˫յһһ£֪㻹û㣬ҡҿ԰ġ
һʱһ˫ĿĹâһڿˮʵô
˫һһۣ
ģ˵ģڹһ״̬ʱһ䣬ղŵһɨգֻҪһ˫ŮӶԼΪԼĳһ;ޱȴ̼
˫ɡһҧ˫Ķ
ǽɡ˫ƵȥʱɫѰ˸ǣɯӪصһͷţԶþڰ밢ŵΪЪȥˣݿڻ֮С
ˣҶӰˣǲῴģһ磬ççĻԭϣ죬ǿպ嫣ˣ˵һĻ߽߰˫ļ֡
еġ˫дһ˿ǡ
˫𷴶ˣɣﻵˡһ˫СְԼ緢Сֵϡ
˫ݺݰһһۣӡ
Ŷһһ˫㷢ӵĶʵ̫̼ˣȻû˫϶Ϊһȴһøгɾ͸С
ã˫ֱӣеµһߣгˮʼϴǻ
ɫǣ˰ɡ˫һһۣһҲʮָˣҲ˼֡
һٺЦҪ𻰣ͻȻüͷһתͷȵС꣬ҹ
ɯһľһֳΣȻ˫Ҫ죬һҿ϶Ǽٶ˵ĳ档
˵ɣ˶ˣһûʵո˫̫Ͷ룬СǱ߲Զû֣ʵȷʵһһܱ¾ҲԲμԼǳ
ûãǣʲôûɯ֣˵ˮˡ
˫ߵҧתȥȴƽ˾Ϳ˰ɣһ֮ûʲôɸ˵飬лŮˣұɯǵС˼˾֪ˡ
ɯͷС½ǣѩ׵ĴβͲҡҡȥʵûоؿ̣Ϳ˫ԴһȼȻͿתͷ³һЩɫĶû³ڸĻȻĺˡ
С꣬ѵ֪͵Ǻܲµ𣿡һ
ҡֲǹģֻǸˣ㣬Բģ˭֪ǡǡɯԽԽСֱͲš


408 ͽ˹ĵ


һݿ񣬼˿۾񶥶ˣҲ֪Щʲô
ݿˣһһ˴ߡ
ݿ۾鶯ڴߵһͻȻڵлл㣬ллҡ
һЦЦ˵ǳΪô뵽Ҫ㲻ͦ𣿡ǰݿ˵ĶթԸһӴھɭ
ݿԲóģȴһ̬˵˾Ů¶櫣Ϊȥ˽һ磬Ҫһ߹·Ϊʲôڻçԭϵԭֻû뵽ˡ
ʱݿԼҲ׶һĸ飬һְֺ޵ĸУܵĻȴ޷ܣΪ¶櫱ͬʱҲΪԼȴ֪һˣŬҪȥӽ硣
㻰أ㷢ʲôһݿǰ˻Ρ
ݿعƲƲΪԲˣ뿴ǵܼթʲô̶ȡ
ô˽𣿡һЦʡ
ݿͷ˽⣬ಢǶˣ񰢶ͰŵҵĶѡǶǺˡἰĶѣݿȻ֧ðնУһᵽ𺶡жѪ
սһʿðҲһðߵ̫ġһ˵
֪ҲôѪݿһһνӣķ
ǰѪһӶѱܻ𣿾ͶԵΪ˱𣿡һȻ˵Ѫֻûбֳˡ
㡭ᡣҲ˵ݿתͷ
úϢɣȳȥˡһվ˵
ݿһıӰƿ߳ȥʱͻȻһͲ֪¶櫹ô𣿡
һסعͷ룬֪û£ŬѧϰγΪһϸľŮҲңҡᾡȥġ
ݿһʧӰ˴̶̼仰Ըоһ¶櫹ģУĸɡ
ڶһ磬һ˿ʼŻçԭ±߾нжˣѽ밢ŵ
һʱദһְŵ밢ȷʵǸ˲ţʵ壬ͷҲɱչµͷҲ뵽ҪǷʲôλá
Ӷǲ½ӵһȺ壬ʵǿ߶ţëЧЩǾˬˡ
һϣһ˰ŵ밢񣬶Сʱ㴺˳黹ǽе÷ǳ˳ġ
ʮһڻص˰µ۹߾Ļçԭڡһһȥµʱ䣬ֻǰµ۹ȻǱѩأ˲½ı̵ּ֣ǿ¸۹˼鷳䲹ˮŵ飬ȴÿɲɰȻµ۹ҲܣõıѩգʳΪѾʼˣǰµ۹ֲ֧סɡ
ŵ밢һçԭҴҸȥһº󣬲½׸ͽ˹ʽרԸ߶ͽ𷢲и߶˰ɱϮƻ̽ȵ񣬾ܾʵβ壬һ빤ĶʵǿߣҲɻСŶɣͽ֮һʵǿðĽܿͽ˹㴫˿˶Խͽ˹Ϊ١ȻǺˡ
ľսҪȥˣ߰ɣȥɽһĿѩЦŶ˵
һû˷ԣţؼҿˣһ¾ҵѾûпˣĽݿڴ½һʱ䣬ҪһʱٻȥģͬҲɭֵﻨ㣬çԭҰ˰ִڱѩص磬Ȳˡ
ǣһ˿ʼߵĺɽȥ
çԭھɽ̫Զһһȫн£ձ˺ɽķΧ
ʱһԺзһףǸʦŷ
òȥһأһܿ˾ȻҪȥ뿴徿ʲôصġ
һţӿռָͳһžɫӡ


409 


һеɫ飬һƵĹâɢת˲ʧ
ҪȥҿǶǲѺáЩĵ˵طǳǵԼһԵñˡ
ȥΪʲôȥҿɲ˵㻰ˣ˵Ƕ岻𣿡һЦ
ҿǶǸʦġ˫ǳЦһԸǶŷĺĺ档
һٺһЦ˫Լ֪Ҫ˵Ū˼ҹֲ˼ġ
ٶˣ˼ҼƤһˡЦŴһȭ
Цּ䣬ĨӰߴϸһһˣ˵ʦзԸֻүһǰ
һüԥ֮ɫȻˣתŷ˵Ҳȥˣ붯룬үʱ㡣
ߡһһ֣˳źɽȥ
үȵȣ㲻ߡ꼱һǰ
ôǲҵĽһüǵЦһ±òϤ˶֪ЦԽþʹԽΣա
ԥһ¡ʦ֣طԸǿһһҪȥģҲ˵ʵǿЩ¡
үᣬҪǻȥһʾһʦǾڴ˵Ⱥһɡһ˵ͬʹ˸ɫͬųˡ
һЦЦҲΪǣȻˣǾ͵ȵȰɣЩ֣ı֮ѵ⸽
ҡҡͷ˵ȻʦͬˣԻ֪
һʼ硣Ҳ⣬Ը˾͵Ϣ
˫ҿһ£ȡһ̴̵طԸŮɵ˳˼Ϊ˵ġ
ɯĿܵˣӵһת˹ȥһ˱
һֵĻͷ˱ɯһۣСĩֵ̫˰ɣԸǲܾġ
صĽһӵұģȡ֮ôؾɫˣƾʲôһ˸أԼҲǸߴӢΣΪʲôŷʦǲأ䲻
ݿ޸һ޵һͲһ
ʮۺһ޸ʱͻȻݿƯľվһԣ㻹һûħצ͵͵˿ݿԸеľףԵʮֻ𱩣һһĴȻʦŷѷɫ˵ƽͣȢǿɲһҸ
뵽꿪ʼеˣһƪ˵ʣǴһ˿ЦݽӽݿڵľС㣬ҡ
ٷңжԶҹԶݿ󣬲˵һͨؼһɵˣ˭˵ƽ͵͸˭
Сʱȥʾɻˣ˵ʦ峤ͬˣǿһȥ
һٺЦŴůվ֪ʦŷЭϾʥҲǷơ
Ĵ£һһ˷ɿ쳯źɽɽȥ
ûһһٲɽǰͣ
ˣɱ˵ı֮ؾˮ̶һЦʡ
һۣһٲʮ׸ߵĵطʧˮĻ֮
ˮٺ٣֪᲻ӡһЦ
ϴ󣬶к𣿡ţʵ
ȻУкӻбţءһۣŵҲȥֻǵˮĻʱȴֺûʲôѨ֮ġãʵĵġ
ɣһˣǲɡһ˻ȥ
ʱٲˮ̶ȴȻһԲεħ󣬸ղʧȻУǳһֵүǽɡ
һһ˿أ»治򵥣ղֻǱ֪ķǵı֮أħֻ˽ġ
ûжԥһ̤ˮϵĴħ󡣵һħҲˣȻħڲ½ʧһЩϵ廹Ǵġ
һһٴγֵʱǰľǶˣƣµĿ㣬ڻĸ質Ŀǲ׵ľ滨ݣԶ˵ȪˮֱԴէһΪǵ˾ɭ֡
үĵطϲһȴŵɫ۵ŷվżλľƵˣ廤
ȷʵȵϾɭˡһɹȻһЦ۾е̫ﲢɽһ
л佱Ϊһ£λ峤⼸λĳϡŷһߵļλ߲㡣
һϸشλ峤ʮ䣬ԼĪʮͣһԻɫĳ£ڱ˴һʣǸ򵥵һҲֺŷĳǰɫ⣬ĳǻɫɫɫĳʦһ־ɡ
ԶĿˣӭǡ峤õͳɤϴº͵Цݡ
һĿ˸£峤ǸһԼǵʥǵɿˣǴǼˣ峤ôǰߣǶȻǺˡ
ллط治лвɽˮŮҾˣҪ죬峤һʢǰɡһЦŵ
ǵȻĹò绨үǱ峤ҲּɣүķǲͬⰡ峤ЦЦ˼֮ͻȻȻֹͬʱıҲŵڴ֮ǰϣүʥһ
ϼһȻ̫öԸô˵ǷȷʵԼһ᲻ãԼûͻȥĵ
徿֪֪ǵʥǷأʵϸ˵㲻ܣ֪Ƶ˲½Ȼ࣬Ҳˣ̻ڰ̻ʲ֪𣿶Ʊ嵱ʥôãִг˷ϵħãͨ岻֪Щϼһ϶֪ġ
峤վҲ۵ģҪҲǲǣһһĶ峤Զԡ


410 Ů


峤ʦŷĴ£һһ˸ǴԽƬɭ֣һ̲ʻĸ±ǰ±·һ޴ļ̳̳̳ͬõɫľʯ̳÷ɫľʯɣһĵ
һһ£̧ͷĿ±ڣֻ±ϷԲζڣ̽ԴúĿһһˡ
˵峤岻סɽɡһЦʡ
ǷǰʵķߣסĵطȻԽԽãⲻͨɽǿ¥󡣡峤һ˵
¥һЦЦĲɽֻǳñȽϸ߶ѡ
һ峤һɽŷЩɽķֲйɵģ״סԽߵλԽߡ
ɽͷûһôףʯľװΣиɫħǶǱһ顣ɽͨǳãҲ䴿оȷ
һĹ˴ţʩǳ£ҽԼ۸쳣ӦǴɹġҲ˵岢ĩȫӦжĿǴϢ
峤ľҰɣȻǳһЦ̾
Ǹ
סʯϵؽǰʦƷϾģ峤廹Ǯһ峤ĻȵŶǽϵعҽ̾
Щ洫ģ⼸ǧһԸ㣬Ǯ֮Ҳûʲô峤סеĲǿЦ
峤ȻǷܱ⣬Ǯ˵Ȼݽ棬ǶЩ˵ǺöˡãҡǸͷе峤Ҳ֪Ůڶࡣ֬ʲôҲһʿ峤֧ԮһΣһ̴̵װģıļŮЦ˫ţһң˵ʥǳһɨɵйĸϾԲš
ŷһһЩͷʹЩЦ峤Ѿʼ鴤ˡ
үҪ峤Сֻǡ峤޵ýϻסˡ
ǾͶл峤ˣϻµĲƸҲ٣ҿ϶ҪˣҪԵ̫ûƷˣһϾҰɡһٺЦ
һϾң峤û߼λϱݺݵضһСӵǿ˿ڣһϾҿǵʮڽңǿʮڰ
үǿ͵ڲŶԺĵȡ裬ʥһ峤ǿװºͱǲȡ֮ɱ
Ӵڲװˣ͸ˣŪҲۡһٺЦм峤
ү㲻Ҫ̫ˡŷǵĵϣһҲܺ忹⣬ôΪġ
ݣô᣿үһִ֪ģôҾôԱˡһȣ豭еһڡ
ѵǶǻǲ֪ôΪѡŷߵ
һһĨɭЦݣȷģΧȫǵظְΧҲ˳ǿĽ磬ҲµûĻأʦС㣬Ҳ𣿡
ŷȵ峤ˮ֪һ˵ȷʵˡ
峤ǿԺúø̸̸Ҫ˵ġŷЩĶ峤˵ȻΪһܹʵߵ˶Ǽ򵥵ˣǽĻ˵ܾˣԸ⿴ġҴ˴һ֮Ի˵Ҳź飬֤Ǻܳġ
ûҪˣʥﱾ֮ҲýҲý峤һʶ˱ҲϷǿӲ˵
һٺһЦϺ޾ɫļҲˣһζı飬ΣǺܶ붼ģҲôˣϻʲôܹǺµأ
ŷһ˵飬ЩģоԵôƽأѵǿ򶨣ɽһһ˱Ҳˣȫô侲ϷƵģܲģǻûʹҲ˵
ʥٺ٣˵ưɣȻǷģѵΪǷ𣿡һǹһĨ΢Ц˫ֱĿαϡ
峤뼸λϻŷɫû뵽һȻ֪ǷƣΪʲôͶأ
Ƿҳϵͽ֮ӦǱܡ峤˵
Цô˵˭Ƿͽ˭Ȩܷ˵ҲǣǷƽұҲȻǲǣһٺЦ
ʱһλ峤վ˳˵ͽӵ𣿡ⳤ˵һڳٵһһ͵ת֮ɢˡ
Ŷһ̥ͻᣬ𣿼򵥵úܡһЦЦһӣﶼɽȻһ磬һ͵˲γɣе豭Ӷƾճֵ˽ȥڳĸʵǿĸ֣˶ᱻȥ顣
һһָ˲ȥȥĶʱĴӰе䣬ɽһƬǽ塣
ѽǶԲסһʱûпƺã°һ˵ż£ǵЦȴʾǹġ
ôϵħŷһˣϵħֻŻģȻﶼʩųһ͵磬ܲԾ
ȻǷڵҴ̥ͻˡһʼЦ
峤뼸λһķϵħõĻҪѲǷ
峤λϣʦС㣬ǻú̸һ̸ԺΪǲǣǧ˷ǲ֪ƢǺֲܿġһٺЦ
үûʲô̸ģĻʵ֮Ϊǻ𣿷ýǣһ߳ɽ峤Ѿ˲ôˣĿֻǷƣıԼĶ˵
ȵȣ峤һ⡣ŷתͷһνһʵղŵĻƺϤ֪ͷʲôϵŷôеģʦԷ񼫶ȳݣһһйϵ˷
ǣȻˣҾʵɣʵ񡭡ŮˡһЦݣһ˵


411 ƭ˲


һ⻰һڣŷסˣ峤뼸λŭˣһЦ̫˽ˣﲻݣˣء
㡭治ĳСӣ·һųȥ峤ɫָһ˵
ҵȻȥһúúõģ첻ܻųȥĿˡһһһɱ
峤΢ɲض˶һɫ϶ʱ峤ĴЦߣǾͺúܽΪ׼ĴͰɡ
峤ո˵꣬һӰƾһɵ㻮Ĳӡ
峤ҲǵٵģʵʮָǿΣգͷҲصһ㳯ǰܿ
̵һƤ峤ȻܹҪǱȴԱһһĿӡ
㡭ô᣿峤ŤͷһÿһߵһĲӰɢ
˵첻ܻųȥˡһٺЦǬŲƣٶȴﵽ˼£ħĽĹٴһΣֱ峤ɱæңϵëһħɡ
ʱŷ뼸λϻع뽫һס峤ѿ
Ȳסҳȥǹ峤˵ͳһһӡһС͵شͷڵϣ̿˽ȥ
ռ峤μʧʱһɽصһжƺֹˣ峤³֣ϴһƬ˫Ʈڿб
飬һһɢΧļ𿪣һΡʱ֣һ˵ѷ˹
ʥȼˮͰֵ磬峤ûüһ㱻ֽӡһ統һԽǰ龰ֻ֪峤᲻ĴԽʱա
ˣµĲӬûˣڿԺú̸һ̸ˣŷʦмλϡΪأһĿɿڴĩļ˵һֻʣȵյ
㡭ɱǵ峤ŷָһò˵
ûаһֻ϶Ĳôɱأ峤ֻɷ١̺ȥˡһ۾΢Ц
㡭㡭ŷһʱ˵ʱע⵽峤ֻޣϸϸһͻȻס쾪һ룬ޣйʥޣôܣ
ʲôܵģҶ˵˷ŮƫƫšһЦС건ɯ᲻صİĦ
ŷͼλϴһǾԻΪһĻ޻̸֮ڼ֮ǵļֲɶҡˣǿµްôܻһͨˣһͨ˵ħ衣
һԺӣҾ˵ɣǶ֪ߴɣһһÿıɯظϣһԵĸоͷ
ɯȾһ㵭ĺϼȴûж㿪˳ƷһļתͷظĦͷ
ŷλ峤ŵһʻ˵ͷ˫Ҳ֮״ǵһܱʲô컨׺
ʵߴе˹ϵǷǳһͻȻһܣˣرǸӣƯҲȻҪˣǷɶĹͬͬһˣӿŪǼȮɴһҡͷԵ̾һ׷顣
ʲôŷһͣʵ
ܣ˵ֻҪ֪ǷصĴɣ췣Ҫͽǣ췣ļһеΣ˵˺𣬺췣Ūת˼ܿ࣬ǵʮŵѹزſһ˵ļλŮ˵ýζ
ŷɫ任ŵô˵Ǳ췣Ūת
ʦС㣬̫ˣǷҳϵͽôܵ鶼³ˡһٺЦ
ү˵񣬿֤ݡһλ峤ϵȻ߷ţԾɲȫš
ѵ֤𣿡һü
ô֮ү֤֤һ峤ʵ
ȻУǿˡһׯϣȫͻȻɢŵϹâոշͷ÷ôľء
۾ֻһƮϹâƣôһ¡
Ȼһһü֮ʱһУһǿҵâһʶеƴüڿתš
ˡļŷ뼸λ峤ȥʱ޻ɣһ뵽ԼովȻԣһԼŷķˣⱳ϶ͷ亹Ͳͣð
һջƣɢȥƮƮԭֻʣȵϣһů
ɣڵһûгɾʮŵѹػûȫǿԸңһ¶һĨаЦݣ˾ˬ䱻Ƶ˻Ųɣָо̫ˣѹĸռ䶼ô
ĪҲӣ㾡Ҳϧһλ峤ϼæһĻᣬܹϹϵԺڲ½Ҫ÷Ҫ֮꣬Уѩ̿ԶȽҪЧöࡣ
һٺһЦ˵ܺãԺҪ񣬻ǽүɡ
ǣүλ峤ֻŷЩ
ʦС㣬㻹ʲô𣿡һüʵ
ûУֻ峤ô죿ŷҧҧʵ
峤˵ոɷȥ磬Ժ峤㲻鶼㲻ɡһ˵ֻ֪Ҫŷ⼸峤֣黹ɾͱ
үԸ峤񾯸ŷʶô
ŷһҧӦǣŵ֪үҪʲô
Ӧ֪ڲ½ľưɣҲǱүһѹأҪıǰżͳһ½Ļû˹ҼĽޣԺûս𣿡һϵ˵˸ž⣬ѿʼг治壬²ȡѵЧ


412 ռ顪


һ֮أǧĪڵĴ˵ֱǧǰһεĪ峤ΪһĿռͨﾭп濼ϵѪȿӶʵӽԺͳĪ峤ѡ˱뾭һ飬ֻųʸĪ峤֮λ
νǴ˵Ϊ췣ڴˣЩʵ幥ȴûʶһ˽ǷֹĹ
ʱ˿ִ̣һֻ޴޵ӰѪһſҲԲ԰ף˽֮ǿһιһλۡ꣬ʮʹꡣ
һкӳһȦһȦɵĺۡꡣۡȻȽײߣڲ½ǿǽ޵еĴڣĹԶԣûκλڵһȭһؿڡ
һ಻ܵӭȥ˳ȥЩΧʹ׷ͻȻһʮˮϵħѩǵصЩʹжһ£طһɽ¡˳Ʊȥֻȫѣƺһȭȫˡ
ֻûʱô࣬ʶʼԡоѸٴš
ɢ֫ٺϢȡʱԺһοھһ뿪ǰıھΪϢ󷨣ʶѼ˷ϾԴ棬ȫܱһ̡һֱؾ
ʵոۡʮʹΧʱˣһСֶΣҪȻѾˣĻüϢ󷨡ۡһȭǿƾʱĹֵֻܵ൱ʱ·׼ԶǸɽ£׼˽㣬עһѣۡһȭʱñ޵ӰӲǰ棬Ȼʩųһ׼õıѩͻʹ׷ٶȣһʧЩûʶƮȥѰ
ӮˡʱˣΪûɢʵ˵Ҳ൹ù֮һЩͨʹ֮࣬ۡǺ٣ر߽ۡײη弶ۡһ֮Ҳ弶ۡĪ峤鶼û弶ۡģྐྵȻۡꡣǵùʲô
µ۹߾ĪеĪһξ£һ˿ýػýҲˣǶڵȴʮ˵
˶ϳ˿̣ûие֣ΪȻǶ־ԵĶ
ͨؿռͨʱƵģ½Сʱ൱죬Ī洫ǿһֻǿռͨάСʱҲ죬˱죬֮ᱻԶͷǻȻĪʷкܶ峤ѡ˶һأʬ屻ͻеҲˡ
˿̿˿ڳļʱ૵ʮˣһҪְ
ǵģ˿ʮָӣһӶܳΪˣ֮ĸһ޷ıģȻָ˿˵ֻ֮飬˿ȻΪൣģΪ൱ֳ
˿̵֣ģ಻µġ
˿̵ͷһͷǵģӦһֻģΪûм
ֵĿ˿һۣѵΪûټһ𣿹ʲô£
˿ЦЦ˵ĵλԶҪߡ
£㾡Ϲ˵Ȼš
˿ҲٽͣὫΪһ˵˵˵һҲǽֵܣֻԼԩ֪ʱܻ⣬ʱķأ
Ī峤һһȥʱ䣬ȻȻž޲ȴѾںһӣģ׵ô޶ԣ
峤һˡԱһλϵĻĪ峤ΰ˲ȭͷյ÷ˡ
ʱֳеĪ˶ᵽɤۣڵȴһ̵١ղ֪ʱĺŰտʼƮ˶ëѩ
ٻôˣǲ̫ˡһλŮץסԱΪٻŮʵȴǵྭʮߵħֹʱ̸ŮΪٻŮĪﰮĽŮ֮һ
㣬û£ֻǲ֪ΪΣоЩ̫ã˵峤᲻ǳˣٻŮס¶Ĳ԰
ɵã峤ôӢ䣬ôܻأŮο
ʱʱʼ˶۾
һĿعѪ˫۵౻˳
Ī峤ðģҲ˲ʲô峤ϣȥ塣
ôôᣬĪ峤һɴʧɫƮѩĲ԰״һѩϣݺᡣ
űʧ̬峤е˶Ѳµʲôˣʹǵ峤Īĩϣôһؿڡ
ܣܵģ಻ġ˿ʧ૵ˮģ˫ۡ
һͷٻɴһû˫Ŀһ˹ȥһ̣ĵιȥŮɲֹٻһˡ
ʱĪ峤ļ̾Ϊռʬ
ÿġ˿˹ȥһʥҫĿʩſ
ֻǼλĪ峤ʵǷǳǿ󣬶˿ƾܼ˿̵Ķһͷ˿һ˦ǰϾ˵ǰ
мһĻ˶ˣλҲ⡣
㡭˿̣һλϳɵʵ˿ȻʶֻǰŮǴǰǳ˹
˿̲𻰣࣬СĵεΣ˸С˿뼸λһʱͻȻѩ֮оȻȵģ᲻ᡭ
˿һĨȥϵ۾ָʱİϣûٴ˿̵Ķееϣֵ֮ȼΪԵĴһźţǾܻû
һ˿΢ָ⴫ʱ˿Цˣûš


413 ìܵݿ


ɽ̲ľף˵µ۹ı߾һξ룬ܵĺӰ첢ء
ţر˷ܣţɢȵĹԣȻС
ţͣһͣϢһ¡һסԾɾȵţѾһˣѵͲ֪
ϴϢţԸۿҪˣǼͣ㿴֮õĽޡ
ƨ㣬Ϣһ֤ϿԱ˯һٺЦһƨԱߵһŴ¡
ţٺɵЦЩ˼ͷϵţǡ
һŴԶԶǰţ岻Զͬ뾫ɭҲܽˣѷõ¶櫣һбһƬȡ
㿴ݿصӡһ˵
һƫͷȥݿһž鹭µڲԶһʯͷϣСĻζš
ݿ»ʲô¡ɯ˵ָƳһһۣҪ˵ݿһ֮ûʲôҲš
ǰǺĳһڶĿŵˡһ˱ɯһۡ
ɯһ죬ͷûнӻ
һԥһ¡ݿȥ°ͣ鶯ʱԵ룬ЩЩ˸С
ôˣϾҪɭˣ㲻𣿡һһԾݿߣ㷢˳ϣһȻ
ݿعƨ΢΢ŲŲʵȴûƶֺ
֪ԭΪԼܿĵģȴĲݿЩį˵ƺһţԼ
һ죬ȴ֪˵ʲôοݿ˼оһ㣬ҲȷԼҲȷɡ
˾šЩɽ罫˵ķ˿һֱٲһȻֱ
ãݿ˾ʯתͷһǱ̫֮СһȦĿĹΡ
һոͻȻһݿȻĻǿĳ˾ʯ֮ϡ
һҺ𣿡ݿһĻ૵
һסݿ磬ʱλھʯһ棬˫ӾǣҲ˵˵ӵûκ˿
̶̼ӵʱ䡣ݿһƿллӵ˵ͷҲص˳ȥһһ˴طһоݿƺڿԼĽӽתͷһ̣еľ뾹ԽԽԶ
һһٴ̣һʵݿʲôҿȥ֮ԵøӲԾˡ
һЦʼ磬ôֲ֪Ļ׳档
һҿ㶨ǶݿʲôոʯͷкһΪûɯĿûƿǿϸ
˵Щʲôҿƨǰɡһűɯݺݵ
ɯĵغһһۣһ˼ҵƨɾˣ򰡡
һһͣСԽԽˣҸʱһҪúȻҹдѵ֪˷ŪڻȻȵġ
ɯҷֹЩʲô׼㹴ҷûС½Ųһɯһߡ
һ㿴Ȣúӡɯί
һŮ첻ݸһЦҲã߹ˣ֪ŮֱŤ
˫˵ѾͷȥһٺһЦ˫ַɵ˿С
һ£Ϊݿ𣿡˫ǳЦʵ
һͷһ˼ı飬˵ǲϲң
ţû´Ļģƺֺìܣӽֲҽӽ˫ش
Ϊʲôոաһղŵ齲һ顣
˫һ£һϲأĽڣô˵ݿոǾԶˡ
һЦȥˣһ˳ȻɡȻҲڻˣŮӵ˼⡣
ãǰľɫʼϤеһԶԶţˡ


414 ţB


ϴ󣬵ˣǰţ岿ˡţſеһ˫Ⱦ͸װ˷һ㳯ǰɱȥٶȱʱϲ٣ǽڵǱȫӳˣǰħ
һݸһЦ뼸ŮظţҲԵΪеˡ
ޣһˡţԶԶرĳɤŴ󺰣ԱߵľҶ׷£ӭĹ
ţ˷ܵĴһը죬ӲţˣţţĵһʿȻܵ˵İ
һˣţ׳ʵˣϬţָ˭ˡţһ·˷ܵʺš
һȦкţĹˣ૵޳ȥôӭҡ
ţ磬ϲ㰡λţţ庺ЦŶţţҲ׷Цŵϲ
ϲʲôţһãȻ
ţҪˣţȽһλʿһλе͵ţţļЦ
ţ㶵ûлعƺһʱ޷ͻľϲţ壬ڽӴһ˲õĴ¡
ͷţŸʲôϿȥһһţƨЦҲǷǳˣԼȻҪһλֶˡ
ءؼңԣؼҡţγѡ˷ܵڵϷ˼һ߿һߴ𣺡ţҪˣӣˡ
һǺЦͷһüŮҲ΢ЦȻҲܵţĸȾ
ʲôʱҲһ°һ૵
һʵҪ𣿡
¼æͷʵףһõشҲˡǲзӦԼ
Ȳ½ȶǾɣһأһЦŵԽ½ʱˡߺڶ࣬ȴûһĺӣΪʲô⡣һַƵԵʡǰʱҲҪ곡ϷŮϴǼҳ㷹Ϊ˱ԷУ˶һ׿ƻеط
һ֮ڲҪΪңʱҪʮֲǵģһʲôǿɾͿ޶޲ˡ
һ̫ˣҪʮ˸ЦţĸףϾȻĸԵĹԡ
һ˼ҲΪɯһ˹һ
ɯ׼ߵص˱ɯһۡ
ߣõŸһôҲжɯһ
㡭ίһ
⣬طƵģսһǾòãһЦµ
šصͷ漴سɯһЦ
һЦҡҡͷתͷ˫ݿ
˫ǳǳһЦЦȴЩȻȻΪ޷ԼĽһգ˵һˡ
ݿȴһɨĿ⣬ž鹭̤ӯĲظź档
һ̾һʱѾţסӣʹһﴫ˵ţ򼱵ԺֱתΪſ޵ؼýãǽţ档
ޣһˣһҪסţɤӳ󺰣ţϼһĺ顣
ţûĵļһʹһžʼţ
꣬ɯ͵Ц棬ǰǺҲһһߴ˵ģ£Ժӻ᲻Ҳ
һٺһЦ¶ˣǸȻпܡһ˦˦ͷǸԼ·ѾͷֲԼŮˣҲˡ
Żأ˺ӿĻأ°˱ɯһۡ
һǰĽţЦ𼱣µġ
ţ֪ôСôţ˴˵
ţǸոջӣéҲҪԾãοӡһЦ˵
ţΪȻԱ߼ŮЦ˳ֱһġ
ʱԺſڴһ󼱴ٵؽŲȴţ峤˹
סţæȥ
СӻûǿǿŮãʱܸϻţ峤ţһɣмϡ
峤ּˣ峤ôʮһǺЦǰ
ţ峤һҲЦشк֪һ൱ţֳʵǿȻʮֿ
Ϊǰ͵Ϯ۹߾˵Ĺϵȶ񻯣ţ·˶һкӡһ»ûеͻᱻסˡ
ף㲻ǺС𣿵ڱϻţһڳɺˣţ峤ݿ⾫к㷢˱ɯѧʧĺСŮǸӡ
ɯǸЦЦ۾͵͵Ƴһţ峤ţǾȻóɯһ֮Ĺϵ
ʱͻȻһ˻ߵĴ󺰣һӤ
ˣˣҪˣϴҪˡţ˷ܵҪˣץһ˫һҡΣһһܱһףһŽߵߣѬˡ
ʱŴ󿪣ţһʱ˽ȥ⹫ţ峤ɲʲôϵϵģ۶ӻŮĺӾһͬʡ
ǸСӣϲˡţŽСţݸţ
ţرԼĶӣЩ޴ǰޣһˣлл˸ӡ
ȴʱ׺֮ţۺͺˣҿǵĺӡ
ʱһ˫ŮҲ߽˷䣬ĴŸճСţ֮ӤҪһţһ㵭ëţ̫ԣͷֻðͷСţԵرɰ
硣޼һҪ񣬱һ鰴ס
ޣضˣΪţֿôáһЩǸ˵
ǧô˵ţҲߵһ˵ţŴĸ˵Ϊ֪һһ̾ĳЩøǿˡ
ˣϴΪҶȡְɡţСţ˵һֶɳȡһҲţĳˣʱ޻ݹһ
һӹСţֶŪһᣬͻȻһٺЦţ嶼ûգԺֶţţϾԺˡţϾţBԺСӾԻǳţB


415 ϥıζ


ɽҹɫˣǹӳǸʲ˵ĺɽ׳۶ֹ
ţ岿Աߵһɽ壬һͻһʯ֮ϣҧһǿЩƮҲһЩĹ¼š
һƺѾˣ磬ҲǸһСǰǮȨŮӵе춼Ҫ˰ɣֻһЩʱϲһ˾ţǷͻļį¶
ƯƯֻôҲһ֣ҪλðҹգڴһңɼΡ
ժһƬҶڴ䣬һǴЩ˵СһһӴɽϻص
һĩˣһͻȻЩӲöȻֹһϤİĽԾԺһͷ㷢
СߡһеҶɲʱƮ䣬ɽһתųƮȻ׹ȥ
һĿʹЩŤЩӰԺطš
СߣӺܺôûǿ£һ溺ӴЩĳŮӡ
ԼģҽɡСһЦؿ˵Ĵ󺺡
û¡ѧѧҲ޷ӽʲô֣溺Цʣ۽б°͵ص̼һԵԽֲ
šͽǿհɣ϶һ޶ӣԺǴӣһҪҰС˿溺ǿεЦݣЩߵ

һһع񣬾ʪʪģһξӨˮĹš
𣿡һ̾һΪȴֻǱĵȻһĳȴǡ
ʱһӯĽŲһĶСʰ飬۽ǵ˲
ݿһеԥ֪»תɽ
ǿպƯһ𣿡һЦʵ
ݿĩش𣬵Ľȴǰʶ˸ʵķӦ
ҸոɽӡԲġݿ˵ڽԼΪʲô
һͷݿϵȻ㣬ղżƽࡣ
ǡ㴵𣿡ݿɵʵ
һٴεͷݿЩ飬Цôţ
ţֻˣֻʵе˲Ŵĳƺû˵ʱ򡣡ݿ˵
˲һڱŽˡ˲һڱŽиˡһЦ
ݿЩ磬ʶһôãû
ٴһ𣿡ݿʵЩΡ
һҡҡͷЦܣһ㹻αҪڶأҿԴһ׿ֵӸ
ݿͷ
һժһƬҶٶֻǴ˴βٴˣǴһԾĻ죬֮ϲ
ݿ°ͣǴһ˿΢ЦһӽھɭĿǵСʱ¶櫹ھɭεժҰ׷ıһ͵뾫ƿ͵Ȱٻ𣬺˺ܶܶ࣬һ̣ͿʱǺɸֵı;һЦ
գݿȴȻտֵĻУǵЦԽԽһЦ
ݿȻع񣬼һЦյʲôûЦ𣿡
ȻݿôЦݻһٺЦ
ݿһһۣ֪һﻹ̲סĸˡ
˵ɣո뵽ʲô˵顣һЦʡ
Ҫ㡣ݿһŤͷ
׻˵ˮھˣôĿɶҵĹͣһӦòְɡһٺЦţƨɳݿŲȥ
㡭ôҸ㻹𣿡ݿоһֱѰԼֱۣĲɿֻͶˡ
ݿǿ΢磬ʼ¶СʱȤ£һýζֻţͷͻȻһ῿ݿļϡ
ߵݿһŭؽӦֻһǾȵĺ
˯ˣݿЩЦãֱɣһŽһȥ˼ξĻûжڴʱ˿̸оһů
һ۾һ죬һ˿ıóѵ΢ЦǼ䵭Χƣʮ
һΰɣһΡݿ̾ૣһǱбһЩԱø
أһԴ·ȥݿظʮĴϡ
׬ˡһ۾װ˯ﻵ
ݿϵһһ˿飬̲סֽһϵķ˿ָⴥϵļ漴ء
һ˴ȣȻûûε˯˹ȥ
շһĨǰףݿһ̾ʱúÿ찡ܰμԶҲǣݿȻݿǾɭֵĻӳغ¶櫹Ӱӣ֮
ݿһϵԴƿץԱߵľ鹭ӯԾǰ̲סعͷ˿Ȼ˯һһɽ
ݿһʧһʯŤŤЩӲĲݿʧķ˼
һ֪µ۹ıѩʲôʱŻڻһһ½૵
һµɽʱͻȻоһŵϢǹ֪
ɡһ
ӰԼٶȴ˹һ۾Ҳ⣬治֪ʲôġ
Ű˺ŲμӳܺĿӰݹһԲͲܷ鱨漴һʧ
һȥԲͲ鱨ħӡչһüͷʱ
µ۹ʹ峤̸ܻһ׽仰ʶŵıζ
ַܺ˵ʱ̽ҿ϶ı̬С˵нһ鱨ᾡ촫
ıʲôıأһ˼ŷɱɽ˫Ůɭ֣ţո˸ף޶߰ɡ


416 Ů


ţ岿䵽ﾫɭֲҪܳʱ䣬һһڵڶϱϵ˾ɭֵıԵ
ݿûڣӦòܵĻӭˡһٺЦǰɭ顣
ݿȴЩûлصҵֻȸԾı飬ȻҲûһĴȤ
ôˣ˰ɡһݿĲԾЦʵ
ݿ̧ͷһԴ΢΢תһķ򣬵漴ŵһ㣬žɭȥ
һоЩ֣Ҳûж룬˫Ůȥ
ѽݿӳӳˡɭܳһӾ黤ݿɻ
Ҳˣôû˻ӭңһǺЦǰ
Ҳˣݿӳôһأ˵һЩӡĿɰСѾͷ
ֻϰˣǼѲߣҴȥŮ͹һûشݿȵһȵӽɭߡ
¹µľɭ־һλõɾʹõһ˵ºͱɯþ治ѣֱ˵С˫ԾɭֵЩӡֻǵʱ弫ûüú͡ʱҲа̾ʱҹǴѾ˯һŵľݶ˯֮С
ԶԶģһŮشſڵƻͨһٻӰ̨ϣһɾ
ǾŮһһ۱㿴ӰݣĿɲ¶ֻȽɬСѾͷƬӿԱģһһƬȣ֮ǰ뾫ŮദζĵǲµԼȴɸоӴ̼
һߵſڣ˾ŮЦЦĿ⣬ǰһЦŮ£þòˡףôҵ¶С
Сӣ겻㻹ôǲҪٽͷŶͣŮһĻһֳĳ谮Ҳһ˵ظоŵȴȻ˸о
һס֪͡ЩЦӦʿɶֹرڳʱ
¶櫵عѵƿڱչءܻһʱܳλÿɲʱ򡣡ŮЦһһʧı飬Ȼ¶櫣̫ˡ
ʱ˫»бɯŮ׷Ůк
ŮЦŻĿ˫˫ӱԭˣӦȫ˰ɡ
ǵġллŮ¹ġ˫΢Ц˵
ŵķֻʣһ뾫ŮЩ΢Ůһһӭûãݿ˫ŮȥԺϢˣȴһ
Ů£ʲô°һžŮŵŹ裬Ǻ޵촽򣬹ڸʮӺʵЩܲˣȳ
ŮЦЦ⻬ͷҲʱǰͦܵô
Ů̫Ǳˣϼ켸ҹҲСһЦҲ֪ΪʲôŮþˣһػһɭʱʧصǸϡ
ƶ죬ֻ֪飬صĸҽŮЦŵһһۣĵȴӿһ˿ĸо
һô˶һңⲻ˷ôز٣Ҳ֪ŮǲǹΪ֮
ֹЩʲô˵ŮŲµһ뷨ʵҲΪʲôǵڽһ£Щ鲢һҪڽҲһҪһ
һʼ磬ӻصһЩҪ˵˳缫֮գСԤԣսĺڰ׵أԼĳ֡ıйز½ʲôһû˵Ϊ֪Ůһ֪
ŮЩ˼Ӷһڶ̶ھ;ô飬治֪һʲô̥
λ㣬ô˵һˣԺҼ㶼ҪˡŮЦ˵Щȣ֪Ӿǳ֮ȴ벻˼
Ůڼ𣿾ҳ˴ǻŮҶĸ񰡡һ
ŮõЦЦ񣬴һصʸУһ۾Ҳգض
㷢ʲôɵǲһ¡Ůһһﷺһ˿⡣
һЦعӣŮɱʵ̫󣬸˷ʹࡣӹɣһԾŮĳаͷҲֻѣŪЩʲô»᲻ճ
߶ôŮôôɫģǽɽ׸ģ𣿡Ůһڲ裬صķǳá
ɫ䣿ͣŮ£㿴ҵ۾ͻᵽָ߲εľֵɫȵġһɫһԺǰӿ˾Ů
һһԺڶҪ˵궼˽ȥŮЩҵıܿٿȻ٣ҧҧ豭һţһһ漴߽⡣
ƤЦûˡŮ
ˣŮ˵ɡһ˳ǵ
Ůһίӣһ̾ҵĻЩˣҲȥո˵СԤԣ֪ʲô
һԼǿŲݵģСʩչʱ˴ƻԵʱЩԤԶ˼ƬֱʱҲͻȻֻľ䣬ң񽵣Ѫ˼䣬Ʋ񷡣
ң񽵣Ѫ˼䣬Ʋ񷡣Ů˶飬˼
һ۹۱ǣǹģٿŮٱŭɾͲˡ
ǰܺ⣬Ѫ˼䲻֪ǲǴ˵ĩʱѪ˼ȲһͲ֪ˡŮ˼˺һŻ˵
ʲô˵ôûһžŮ䣬¹ʵ
ǼǾżϵһ˵㲻֪ҲŮ˵
һͷ뾫ŮһԤȴҲûнչʱѾҪˡ
ˣȥ˯ˡŮվһ˵
һžŮɢϢĽһڿˮӦһҲվ뾫Ůӣֳ𻨡
һǰɡһͻȻ嶯˵һͺˣһʧصҪȥǾŮ㿪ûкǳֻһѵˮǰ;һ˵Ҫˡ


417 Ѫ֮


žŮ任ͣһŭ緢ؽԼɭ֣ǿɲġ
һãŮʼɫָ˵ȻţʲôԾĵط
һӣ˹ȥҪѵԼɡ
ǰ°㲻һŮסЦЦͻȻżһǡ
ֻһǣ˼룬ҪȻԺͱɭˡŮһ۾˵ӹɵļ
һľõŮ˵ʲôֻžŮպϵĺ촽һħһջԨĸоȫ
һ㵽ûŮһյ˵ֻǻû˵꣬;ǰһС챻Ƭȵ촽סˣŨϢ˲佫ΧͷĿѣĿһʱ䶼˼
һ˿ȴоƮĺʲôֻǿջĺ촽㲻һеȥ̰˱Ƭ۵Ĵ꣬ŵضűݣİ׷ǾӴܵСࡣ
Ůţ˼ĿУһŵֻܱĽӦ
Ҳ֪˶áһӣʮӻǸãŮǽصԺ
찡ôңȻĿŵ¶櫵װ
һʹһ˺סʹžŮ
Ůɫ죬ʵظտˮдŭһ˿֪롣
Ů¡ҡһͽȻҪͣȴˡôͶԵò԰ԼסΪʲôھŮǰ˲ܿƣȻȫʧǿ
ʲô¶û𣿡Ůӵ飬ɫһƬ䡣
һһ飬֪޷أֻԴӦһ̵ѪζһѪ֮ǰ
Ůû˵һʧ˴֮С
ӿִˣ⾿ʲôһϡһĨֳ˼ѪӡأֻոǸɾǡ˵û벻һ̵ӾȻô󣬻᲻һеȥ
ҲˣˡһվĿǰҲô⣬Ů˵һжû˵黹صصأϵĹһ˾ŮŵԺӣ˫Ůס
ôŻһһصԺӣ±ӭȻԺһϡ
ţ;Ů̸һЩҪ飬㲻Ҫҵģɵϡһµ㷢ӿһ˿ܰΡ룬˵Ұ޴ģȻҰĲȨŮӵôջ֪㣬ҪȥһЩɵ飬ⲻѰ
Ȼô룬ŮӰȴһԺ֮ȥջƺһϵ޷ơ
㲻˯ܾЩʲôЦһܵĹϵ˵Ҳôˡ
ǡȥ˫֪һ˯ŸһסµС֣а˼ѱ¶ɡ
ܲһĴ㣬Ȼ˫ڤء
ڤôȻǵѹ¿ɲܹԼһ£һָֻԲĹĵΡ˫ӦѾ֪ˣаΪ˫ҲܣһͬߣȻ˫ܵðɣ˵ҲԼⲻȫ
˼ǡǾȥ˫ɡߺҲǵһˣŷְɡ
һٺЦţһѱ±˫ķ
ʱ˫ھеľϣȫ⻪תһĴԵĲ
һֱӽ±˫ԱߣҵŹһ˫Զڤѹˡ
棬³Ľһ¸һ㵭֬ʱ˫ЩȣݺݰһһֻۣǺǱһ뻳У½һֻǸʵ齾ͦ뵹ۣ̺Ͼ˼
һһڿˮ˫Ƶµϣ߾ʱһ
˫³ѹһ𣬽ԸоԷ㣬Ůжһĸоᡣ
һ˫ѩ׵Σ궯ѣħצץȥоǾ˵뻬ĴУаʢֽһȥ
ԺɯþվţŷתʹִĺžžԹ̾һ漴ϢʧڿС
һ˫Ůڵ𽵹ᾫŮȴڴշת಻˯ȻһеĻһˡ
ȻŮӴ㷢ٰ£૵һʼҾʹˡ
Ů˼øһųԽһ㳤ظоǲԵѾҪ׽ݲ׵ĸնϣǸ˶ٴμһȴޱȻϲ˲Ų˸
һֱƵĺܺã˭󹦿һݵҪȻʹشӦˣΪֻһοǣȴ벻һһеǿǣɳܵʧˡ
һĳŮȲѣҲʼ١
еģԲҪȻ¶櫻һӵġŮǿԼŮ¶櫣Ƿ궯ĸоȻɢȥˣĸһУΪ˲˺¶櫣ҲΪ˲ĵµߣ뽫ԼĸȫȫãһĹϵȥĸоһƱûдȥıҪˡ
ŮһҹߣͬߵھɭȴֹһЪһˣԹıɯķҵݿ
ɫ͸ʼ質һȺСڲݵ
žž죬߷ѩͬʱһӡ
ֻС棬ˡһЦ˵Ŀ͵ߵſŵľ塣
Ҫ˼һ¿ؽһƸһҹȫǽģԸˡ
˫ǷתһЦĿ⣬ɺһۣҹЩƵ߲֡


418 צѪ


̫ˣȻĩһ꣬µļй£ǧоҲǴ۲֣໥ǰҲò˼飬Լôأһһﲻ£̫ɶˣ˫ţϼ
һ´£˫ߵǵ⾢ͱˡ׻˵ʧ֮ɣܣ֮磬ھŮ˶ӣ޸˫ûԹСһ̹ȴû˺룬λľ˳һӾĳġ
ϢһɣڵĲᣬҶûǣԼȴһٺЦ
ᣬȥŮ뽿һһͷ˻Цѵһ
ҳȥҳȥǼڣҾԲЦˡһͷ׻أһ˵˷š
ԺӣñɯԺµʯϷ
С꣬ôˣôÿϴܰһȣ˿ʮá
磿ղһ黹ǳзءɯһĲζ
ȥӦҲ٣߰ɡһЦԺȥ
º˫أɯȥ
ǡšѾιˣڻһٺЦ
ɯתһָɰһۣЦɫǣ޵ļһ
˵һ޵Ų֪ʲôŽĻ޵һɯɴ۾в
ţб֪ɯȴǲһвĿתͦظĻ˵
һ촽СԽԽˣǴĹѵ֪ԼǺױջһСıὫеùͷʣ
ô𣿵Сɯһм˵һһ
˭˵Ҳңʱɱڲǡһ¶һĨаЦĵطŹⲻµС꣬Ȼǿɾ͹ֲñ°
˭˭Сɯͣ½Ųתһ
һٺЦЦֻħצڿץץȻűɯʵظ̽ȥ
ɯһɲǵĺߡתҪܣܿҧҧظһͦǽظ͵һϡ
һħצһͣ뱴ɯظֻףܸодȶȡ
ʱӰתǴֳΣȴ˵ؾŮݿǼһ뱴ɯضһ͡
һ뱴ɯҲȻϲŮ֣һʱԭأһǰ̽־Ҳջء
Ů£ɯعСǰһʵظһӲŵħצ֮Уһ鱻һʵʵץ˸š
ǡ̫ˡݿ̲סһƬͨ죬ôҲ벻һŮᵱ뾫Ů顣
һڨڨջ֣Ц뱴ɯղء
ɯͷ⣬ʾͬ⡣
治ǲԣҪעⳡϣñ˿ӰܲáŮЩֵ˵֮ǰƺһȴе룬̬Ȳ֮ǰѵָо˶Կ˵̬ȡ
緹׼ˣȥ԰ɣݿҪͲˡŮ˵һЦЦݿһ߲
ŮһߣɯͷȻЩȣһռ˱˵ȴĵ׸еãȻǸռء
ȥԷɣӶˣһôˣɯЦתͷȴͻȻһĲɵس
û£߰ɡһعЦЦϸĻԴпһ˿ɬŮ¶ҪϾǲĹϵˡ
ɯһزԾȴʲôҲûʣֻߴߴЦţϣܽһı

ڰ̻̳һ޴ĺɫڣһӴһɫļվںڰ֮Ǿ޴ĵ棬һԲεĺɫƣȥоʱؿһЩɬѶֻǺɫƺһ㷴ӦҲûС
ôǷڰϵĺڰħΪʲôһ㷴Ӧûأ૵ѾˣõڰѾˣȴȻһչûС
ʱһһӰ˴֮УŮԼʮͷͣɢųķϣüĿ֮ϡżƣֻǿ˼䡣
ڰƻûзӦ𣿡ŮʵüĿɲǼʧȡ֮ůůİ顣
ҡҡͷڰõͳʵѾͷôˣں𣿡
Ƣֲǲ֪ΪʲôƫƫѡҲ԰Ů̾һ
ڰ̻ҪģҪλãЩѧģ뱻þҸϵĵһΡ˵˵
Ҫ鵽˶𣿡üͷ˵
ֻ飬ſԴﵽ߷塣Ŀһ±ɭ䡣
ɷ飬οأʱȻֵѪǶ֪ʵһĺӡһ̾
Ŀһ¶һ˿ʹ࣬ܿʧҲ˲Աߵӣ̤߳˺ڰ
ԼıӰǸںڰ̻ᱻ֮Ϊڰ̻ʵˣһһ»ָ飬һһĨ΢Ц૵ȻһֱѪô

߰˾³µıѩʼͣ¶ȿʼĻѩҲʼڡ
ȻѩҪȫڻһģڰµ۹һĿ۹ʿѾһĺϢˣΪѾϣȥɱҲԸھﱧűֱ
ģѩڿʼڻˣӶĿˣµ۹ĹӣǾ͵үүǰɡܰվоǰǻˮĺ
ܽҿѩҪȫڻһ£ҿܽٻҪһˡʱһѼܰԺϹոմڱڵСһ
ܰϹѾеȵļüͷ԰ѩҪڻõȵʲôʱ򰡡ôõĴѩµ۹ЩطĻѩס
ҲһЩּܻ䷴ѩ˵ܿڻøɸɾˡǴ̫˵


419 ػʥħѧԺ


۹ľĥȭ׼µ۹һʱɭһȴ˫Ůھɭε
һ죬һһ峺СϪԣ˫ֺſųŽ׵ŮϪˮﻶ֣ﵴ˿˿ܰһжˣʹŮȫס⾫ɭÿ͵ɾࡣ÷ˣЯ£ʱжˬ
ɵЦʲôأͻȻһ𣬽һ֮ӭ
һһµһϪˮͷ˦˦ͷϵˮ飬ŭ£㷴ǰɡ
ͷˣͷˣ˭֪ô֪㡣½ЦţϪˮһ͸ҶϣǲõЦݣ趯ŵĽ׹뷲ʹһ㡣
һЩЩϪˮȫʪ͸
淴ˣҲʰ㡣һع۴ϪˮˮϪˮ㳯½ȥ
˫㣬ɯæ½Ц㣬һ£ͳһսߡ
СϪһӱôⰻȻЦֵھɭص
۵ʱȫʪ͸ϪߵĴʯͷֱ
һɫеŮɨӡϪˮ͸ŮѽԽϣ˵չ¶ֱ촴Ʒ
ʲôɫǷֲû¼һɫеĿ⣬ɽ
һٺЦĿת˫תɯڲŷСĺǰҪ࣬ȵĹùǻʺˡ
׼ϸ첲ϸȵʲôÿġ˱ɯǰ
ɯЩߵءôһ֣Ǿ󾢾ˡһλλվһһܼŵĽǶȡ½һƬʵ⼷ѹһֱһǰ
ˣһͫȻ󣬷ŹŴй¶ıɯ
ĺӣ˭㹴Ҽҷˡ¼ˣһһһͷԼ֮䡣ɫеĶűɯ
һͷŤо֮һ𣬲ͷʪ͸ҧסµһ٣ǰһ˶һϢһ˫ȻסزԹ̶Լ̱ȥ
𡭡ᡭţһ롣
ɯƲƲ죬Ȼ֪һʹˡ˫򵭵ЦˣһǳĽãһȴر룬伣ǧŮȻߵһ
ãһ·ſɫ糺죬̱һϡ
һӣ˸ˬһƬĲݵɹ̫
ֻоɭֵ˸оůҲȣ棬Ѿоǳˡһֱ˵
԰һ㲻е㷴µ۹ɽһǱѩܻں̵ܶʱھڵġ
һһ飬Ȼ˫

Ȼᣬһ˿ۼȴ˸оޱ
ϼȾ˵ƽߣʥħѧԺɽɽƽ˵ĵطȴվһĨӰЩ¶ճķ
ڵأ۹µ۹ڴ½ĸк˴أһ׵ĳеƫԵĴ磬ȴеףһķζ
һ뿪ǹ̤Ϲ֮ͻȻϲһƵ׵ĳƺܸоϵ£ƺԼߣҲһ˼µıְɡ
ˣȴңȻ֪ûнǣҺȻеˣ֪𣿡̾һŷߣȻڵĺ뵱ȫ¡
⼸һĶԹͲһп֮ǣ޲óѪ¹Ǩ֮Լȴ˼ÿʹʹĸоᡣ
ֻһ߼䣬׻˵Խ޵ԽȴͬЧ޵ԽҲԽǰ˸һᣬһ᲻мһչȥˡ
ҲúҲգֻҪʵķӦҲԹ޻ڡȥ˵ޣ޵ҧгݵԩҳȴĳٽɽһ㰮˳ԹŮ
֪һһϮѩ׼ۣһͷں㷢޺޿崺硣
תͷȥü֮Ũ˼Ц޺ޣִ𣿡
޺ЦŻ˻еĶÿ϶Ҫ﷢ֲԶôأʱˣǿҪҵġ
ŲҵˣҲͷȼħţǲҡһ
ͱֶˣֲǲ֪½ƣ϶ææħѾܺˡ޺Ϊһѵ
ãȻΪѣߣȼҷյĿȫǣٽ񵽵ݺŲŽ޺˵
޺һЦһˮһ˿ɬǰֻöѡ
ôúһˣĿҶ磬ޱӶĻȥ޺Цд͵ݸ
ư޺ޣֻҪҳǰߺ䣬ӹͿʼŵĽʳ
һΧһת
޺ޣûоսеְͣ޺˵
޺룬üͷе㣬ǰÿ춼һģЩеֵֹģѧԺǼˡ
ǽȥɡ۾һ˵
⡭̫ðɣս㲻֪϶ĵһ֪ˣ϶᲻ġ޺޲ͬ
ԥһ£̧ͷ˵ģǵÿ϶ǵģֻǵ
޺ҧ´еÿ˶ԼܣǾ͵֪ɡ
йĵͷĵ˵һĻô죿
˭ҪĻᰡʱһϷʵ˷Ϥɲǻ޺֮
죬ĩղŵĺ׳׵˾⡣


420 й¶


󻵵̫ˡ»ˣȴûзһӰ
ȻһһůĻУû˻ǣӵϤζʵķӦؼȡʧȥ̫õů
󻵵󻵵һãͻȻȭ޺޵سؿڴȭۺݺݵصֻǽ͸е˼ȴôҲβˡ
һȭĵЩΣǹһӾꡣʱĺܿ죬ƺֻһգ۵Ĺ򣬴󲿷ֵʱ·;жȹģӿ۹۹۹ٳǰµ۹µ۹ֵçԭʱˡ
һоůĸо˭˵ֻϵζŮ˰ĵģŮϵζͬҲ˰ġ
һͼȻ£ԥر΢΢ͷĽëᶶţӭ֮õǡ
ɫǰһô޶ԣͷס˷۵С졣
һǣ糲ࡣĽҪ˼ȫͷű
޺վڲԶӵŵˣˮ֪գΪ˼óϲãҲΪԼǷ׳˼ˡ
֪˶ãǵѷʼֿϲ飬ҸĲתԵɷ
׼ٰҶˣû˲һؿڵ½΢
Ҵû㶪¹һֱҵһ΢ЦŸ˸㷢ǧ˵
ᡣ۵һȻʲôתͷ޺ޣˮһ
ʱһҲ˳Ŀȥе㲻ΪʲôҲ޵ϡ
Сãʲôǲ̫ˡһɿ޺ޣΪȥϵ顣
š޺޵ͷʱ޷˵ʲô
һ΢΢漴ЦŽ޺§˻Сķ۱顣ʱĸȻôˣԼҲеһůů飬и۰оǺܲġ
һ˰ᡣ޺סԼһ˿Щ˼غ
޺ޣٶ౧һɣҲءںЦʱֵľһֻ޲ȫ綼֪Ҹ
޺ްһۣЦĶ˭ϡ
ŶһҲĻҵض㵱ȻϡˡЦ
޺޸ո̺˱䣬ĵʹ˭˽أҪĿκŮˣԶҲ
Сãôˣһ޺ƺЩԣеʵ
û£˶磬һǹ𣿡޺޼æתƻ⣬Լǵ˼˲
һٺЦЦ˼ˣǶʶ£˫бɯ
ǣº˫Ҳ֣ǱɯôأҼȥӶûٿˡ˵֪˫ǵһﱧŵǸŮǸŮΪһԼߵһ˵ǰýأҪȻԼһĳ޿һӶܻ⡣
˵ˣҲᣬҸոʱ˵ˮ椱Ҹ˭ĻˣһڰͻȻʵȻˮջȥұˣӻҪװһµġ
㽫ˮ⼸Ҳϣص˵һ飬϶еˣһС¡
£һüͷ
Ҳ˵͵͵ʲôСͬ⡣˵
Ǿͱˣ֪ôҴȥ˫ǡһЦ˵һһ˷Ӷǰ˫סõꡣ
õ꣬ŮһߴˣһŮ˵ֻѼӣŮ˾͵һǧֻѼˡ
һŮĵûȣûˣʼ˵һȥ˹ϲģš
ŮӻֱʾͣһֻöƵسõꡣ
ǹĽֵȻɾֻܵսĲǰûôˡ
һпڽֵйһ﷢һУޱȻ
˺һһųʥħѧԺӶȥ֪˹ϲûнףȻͣڴħʦľĻɾԼĶˡ
˹סһϤĲϤѧԺһСԺſڡ
˹ϲģˡһԺһûʲôӦ
һеʱ򣬺Ժһԡڣ뵵ˮռ䣬һԡͰ֮ڣһͷͷˮƮš
ͷ㷢Ȼ˦һƬӨˮ顣
ɣôֻˡȸղŽͷˮУƺһǸһӦò̫ܣʱʱǳһǰԼҲϰΪˡ
ŸˮϴԼǻ֬ĽԲ¶⣬㾧Өˮ滬䣬ɷˡرһԱˮ֣ʵջǾ˰
ûһȴԡͰվһͷĳʪꤵ㱳ϣϸϸСԲѩκ޳ȣԡ˼ֱ˱Ѫֱ硣
תԡԼ𱩵Χ˫ȼͬëת˲ԡ¡Ȼ㲻ԸȴʱȾԹ˵ˣȻǰû¶òɷȵıֵ
һû˴ӦҪתȥģͻȻ֪Ժ˵ġһ룬Ҳ˲ʲôôˣֱŶ볯Ժȥ
ףϴأԡ߳¹зţͻȻϲԺﻹûս
Ҳû룬ֱŶСԡ߳˷ţסԺѧԺһƫƧĽ䣬ǳľǲ˽ģ֪үү˹ڼңҲûô˼ˡ
ߵԺҪ˵ʱһͨǰ˺ԺĿԣԭء


421 ϷȢ


ôֳֻþˣǵģ´μǼһǵŲɡҡҡͷתȥССԡ°ڿסΣ߶ԼɼѪŵĻߡ
һЩȵЦãźһȣأҲк
Ƚһе鲼Ƭһŵ׹ȥܿ췴Ӧץ
ܣܡתͷգգ۾һɫеԼէйϴ
ں֪ķӦһһ˷һŹص졣
ˣĻˣô죿ȥոһԳˣѵһﻹ뷭ʣҪԼŮģ˭شҲԼŮ
ҸҪţҪɵˡͻȻֵʣת¶ͻЦݣһҲһ߰
תȿħеԼذ¶޳Ĵȫر¶˿УղԼһˣһͨ졣
ѹôɫеĿңɫǡҵĺܺ𣿡ȥԡԸе¿㣬ħӵаĵԼ
ȡĥʲôأҪҪҽ㴩һ洫ǵһĻţææ㣬ȻŴ򿪡
һ̴̵˽´һŴһѶѵ·ЦǸŮӵķ䣬ֱѺò˶١
ЩȷʵЩңϴʰһ£˭뵽һһͻȻ
ȥֲҪסŮӵķ䣬ﲻҵ߽ͬȵסһֱҪȥ
ҽŮķҪͬ𣿡һٺЦһƨڴϡŴЩ󶼰͸¿㣬ȫ˷ı־ľŮҪðŮƷܾӪ̶ʵס
˭Ůǰ͹ˡ˵
һЦʼ硣Ҳپ⣬ǰȷʵģŸոԡȡƺ˲٣ʪʪػͷЩҵţȻܴϸеһ˿ģ治˼顣
ʲôɫӡȱһûڣɴȵ
һع񣬿ЦӣոһĴƨġƢֱĸҪ⡣
үүأһҲúѾͷƽϣħĲ࣬𱩵Ըǳ١
Ҫ㣬Һֲ졣ȺһͷŤһߣǷһĨЦ⡣
ҾǺˡһüëһٺٻЦ
˭찡ٺ׽ñӵƳһһۡ
бҪһЩķǵĹϵ˵ɣҪ쵽ʲô̶Ȳ죬߷컹ǰ˷컹͸ˡһ˸Ųعâ
Ȼ͸ʲôȵĻһ˵ڣһĹЦɢΣյζ
ʲôֻǵĹϵ˵һٺЦȷ£ǿӲ㡭Ҿͽճɽ̼
Һ£ѽˣ㻹ͣħʿľ磬ǰ㲻ҵĶ֣ܷ𣿡һ°͵غӺٺֱЦȵĿڿһֻ׵С
ȱһһ˵ʧţħʿľԿţһǰ͸еԼʲôˡ
ԹԹһȹ˹ָ
͹ͻȻȻһЦǰͻȻѸٻſڷӶֻ˫ŸոأͱһɴӲ˻
ǰҲܣƨǰɡһ֪ʲôʱվȵ壬
䣬үүĻ𣿡Ⱥܸɴķ˷ʽûȴʶľЩһǰûжô
ˣǺúϤһ¡һٺЦţһȲ˵Ļ
Ⱥ͸ŵĻɫһһֻе֣ʳָ٬ع°͡
ɲǼعʼһ֮±ʩŷӡڽָеĿ档ȴֵķȫˣħԪҲһ㶼о
ﵽ˴ħʦľ磿̷ӦˣȻ֪ǾͱĻˣүҽ̽ôһϲŮӡһʳָȵ°Ħ£⻬Ĳ»ȥһµǴ
ȽһҧƲͷ۾
ܿءһЦоȺļ١
Ȳֻ۽Щʪ
һҲ̫ݣЦȷƨƣո볷ȥ򣬾;һ򶼲˲һӴĻϵħԪѸ˽
Ӱһڶһ뷢ͷǻϵħʦ˹˭أ
ϲģþòһٺЦŶ˹Լһصĺֳ˲١
˹ȵشһ̾СӣǴ˵еɣŶ̶갡㾹Ȼĩϵħ磬СԺٳǰˣ¡
Ǻǣϲģ㻹˵Լû꾹Ȼͣԭأҿ½ϵһҲֻͽˡһмʼ硣
˹ʱôӵ۾ƫƫûһֻ̥ϵùˣʵĩҲֲ̫ˣŶʮʹﵽѾһŴﵽĸ߶ȣۺʵԼҪǿ
ͬʱȥ򣬶˹һץŵȵС֣ͻȻٺټЦСӣո۸Ůǰɡ
ѽѽүүЩҪءС֣ίس˹۾ȴɨһ
˹Ļ˽һǰԾܾŮҪ֪Ůʲô˵ģޣôԼŮأ˵СΧƵĶǹɫĴˣǻƽÿɰԼŮòԱȼ磬Ըɲ̫Զˡ
СӣȢҵŮ˹ȴֱЦԳὫŮƳȥԼ鷳
үү㡭Ⱦˣһʱ䶼֪˵Щʲô
һü˼Ц˹


422 һ


Ҹ㻵ŮףԺ󴫳ȥ˭Ȣ㲻Ȣ˭Ȣ˹ƤӲǱôǶǵҪȸȥ
һֹǻ𱩵Ƣû˭ȢϰȻɲɵ˵ڣ⻰˵̫ȵˣǵûпڣ֪һᷴġ
үүǸʲôҾһӲҲ޸ɫǡȻʺ˹ֱ۵Щҡ
һٺһЦû˵ȻѾͷƯҲãƢܲˣ˭Ҫ˭Ҫȥ
治ޣʱүүɹܲôˡ˹ǺǸ°ͳĺЦ
ᣬˡ죬˶ų˳ȥ
һ˹һۣӶԷп˾ȣû뵽ҲôСŮ˵ʱ
СӣҿŮ㻹е˼ôͷһοҪ㡭˹ЦŶһ˵˸һ˿׽͸Ĺâֻû˵㱻һˡ
вУҲ֪ߺڶ࣬ʵڹ˲˰㻹ɡһ֣ʲôЦ߶ôһ鷳Ķʱըɲһܺ¡
˹ٺһЦˣ̸⣬˵˵㵽׳ʲôҩʵȻﵽ硣
һһٲȵĹ뷿תһ鷿
һ̸һУûʲôҲҪд˹Ӧ֪˵ģսغڰ񴫳ȴǲ֪һʱʮרעһɫ
˹һ֮˳˼֮УȻ۾૵Īǡ
Īʲôһ׷ʵ
˹ҡҡͷûʲô
һҲû׷ʡ֪˹Ӧʲôֲȷ֪λħʦԸ񡣿˵㲻Ҳ˵˵˶˲
Сӣ̫ڷ˵µ۹ǱҲˣѩڵʮѸ١¹˼ƽϢһսָôˡ˹תƿ˻̾
ֻ֪˳СǣҾͷ˹ȷߡⳡսҲʱýˡһЦЦлһ˿â
˹ͷҲϣսս½Ϊƽսݻ˶ҸļԲһսлҷ𡣶ݽ氡һĴѩɵıѩֺֽӶµ۹ֿ۹۹һ챻ʮַֻ֪ʲô֡
ͷһֱи㣬ɽǧǰɽׯڵأô֪ô룿Īɽׯĺ˲ɡһ˹۾˵
˹ͻȻЦСӣ֪Ļ治٣Ҳûʲôûǵɽׯĺˣħһɽׯڶһ
ԭ֪ɽׯڵɽׯһΪβ֮ϣҲһˡһЩֵʵΪ˼֪µĻϵħʦ˹ҲһͬΪɽׯˡ
ûҪˣ֪ôˣǧǰǳĴսɽׯʷǻʹȻ˹˵
ʹһһ˵ԼɣǵħɭȺؾǳԼΪʹġ
һ߳˹СԺ˼ʥħѧԺϡ
һ·ϣвٵ˻ͷһ˽ָָ㡣
㿴ǲѧУ˵еĴʥһָһͬ
ɻҶʶظ߼ˮϵħAȫͬѧŮʦˮȫXXˣǿɶҵ˰͸һҼʮ궼ĸԸ޾Ȼȫˡͬҧгݵ˵޲ȥһţûһʵȻ˵ܿһǺܸߣèĹɲǰ°롣
ҵż񰡣ҪΪʦֻҪѧһǰӿɾ̫ˡһü۵ļһԱ֮ɾֻǵ¶İʦʱȴżѾʧƾʧһ㡣
һһɳʥħѧԺֱֹ̫ǲаû뵽뿪껹ôʶ
һصõʱɫѻ˫Ůƺˣſɳϱ˵Żһ߿죬мĲ輸ϱɫûˡ
һĵŮɫһƬϲ
һðɣȥڷ˯˫ЦŶһ˵űɯ»޺߳˷š
ֻʣһˣһʱ÷ۺ
ҡȥϴ衣ʼܴ󵨵ӭһȵĿ⣬ܲŤͷӰܽԡҡ
飬飬ԡ￴ħн߶Լװһһ÷ɿ졣
ƽһžץץͷգԼǲȻԴһ뿪ٻȥ⣬Ϊǿ϶ġ
ѻ䣬¶ɢļԡҵƹʣ壬ԵЩʧ档
磬̤˴ԡͰ֮Уѱůˮǣ⵴䣬ˮеһԱƺҲε˵ˣ˵ջ
һ죬ԡҵԶˡ
ᣬҪĶһ
һԴŷ˽ٺٻЦ˵ŮӵĻһҪģ˵ҪǾҪҽˡ
˵ҲûУ㡭ᡣĩ˵꣬һѵþڵԡͰУʱˮĽ
һӱסСˮУӺסľµС
ȫһƬԡе
һһ˫ϰı˫֮ϣعͷӭһĴ죬ʱݡ
һ˽ܵĵطѱһ¹ᴩȫؿʼһǧ
ӳ˷䣬һ§סʼˮг̣ԡͰ˻Էָԭʼļ˵ŸԵ˼
ùݶˣһĨƮƮݲŵ˸£һ΢ɲ̾Ϣҹлص


423 ǻʺ


޺ǿգЩעôŬҲ޷ıģͱпֻһָ֮ǣ˭֪֮ʵڹء
ʲôҪֻһӴڶߣվӰֻҪżͶһҾˣǲҲ̫̰ˣ޺һ³ΰš
յһ죬޺һȻع˫𾪵ȻոǷĻ
˫㣬㡭޺ЩˣֻһͷǾˣԺҲˡ
˫ܿع񣬾޺޸ոյĻﻹԺƣҲǳ͸ģһǱ߲ЪͣҪȻЩɣʱ뻹Ǻ޵ҧгݣ˭޷һԼء
˫ƮȻɵ޺޵ߣļϣ޺ޣİɣղŵĻҲκ˵ġ
޺ޱĹħܿѹЩӵͬƮƮ׵˫ĵܣǰһʱ嶯֮뿴ŵŷû֪㽫һģڿ̫ˡ
ҰҶ硣֪ⲻԣûа취ơ޺޲ڡ̹Ȼؿ˫ʶ˫˵һ˵̫࣬ʱһ˿ĩزһ¡
׸簡ôָ飿˫˵ûбֳ̫ؾȡֻǴźʵ
޺ǷŵĿɬЦݣҼԸӵĵزǹٴμȫıˣദҾԼ޿ɾҩİ᲻ÿ졣ŮһԴסҵʱҸʵУƭ˱ȴƭԼ
˫ҡͷ̾һ޺޲˿˿ϧסС֡ʵԺô죿һӴߣ
ţҰҶһעֻЦվߡһõݣһֹͣ˺޺޵Щƽ˭Դؼᶨ
˫޺Բ԰׵в̣ȴ޿κΣ硣һҲܽܵˣ֪Ȼ¹ţȻĵ߽ܷΧ
˰ο˫Ҳ벻˵Щʲô

峿Ӵ̨߲عڴ߳ϣԵôгȴһ֮ɫ
һػЩɵһĺָоܹٴܵˣ÷ǳҸ
ҧ´޹Ŀ˯еһĿǰԵóһЩϸϸ۲죬ԷжһֵɣУԵζʮ㡣
֣ḧȥһỮš
ȻѣֹţԼ㷢һıǿס
ףôܣԼ㷢һǿײŪ֮󣬷һȻһ㷴ӦûУֵ˵
ᣬ󻵵װ˯̷Ӧ˹һᴷȭ
һٺЦ۾һ׽סС֣ƺ˵ôε⾹Ȼôͷˡ
ЦЦһ߳Ľ
һϵʹһʹɾץצ֣ѸϮĿꡣ
һʱ̱һĻļβϻһ˾̾ػΣʵ
ôôʵˡҧһĶ䴵¶ȿʼߡ
һһͣߵŮԽԽˣĻ֮뵱һһĴడ
ʵͨƽӹܵһֽͣһȻޣΪ֤ԼΪά˵ϣ𷴿һ츲ؽһŭһʱè䣬۾촽ţǰһԱһһһεʶŲΰζţֱս˳ܴ̼ļޡ
һأʱѽ磬һӵɢſ޹ŮǰʱڳʳļŮֹͣ˶Ŀ˹ȥֱߵһ
ǲǶĽˣҪǴҴͬߡһٺЦ
һǲģÿҲǲҲҪһͬ߰ɯЦ
޺һűò԰ףЩУΪĵǲɸ˵ܣ֪ɯģǻ̲סһˡ
ȥС꣬ٺЦͰסһ޺޵飬ɶԱɯ
ɯͷͻȻʲôƵ˵һղҹùû˹˵ˣһ棬¥
ãǶʰһһȥɣҲʱ緹ˡһͷԺֳǻʺ˵ַζ˿϶ģҲǾΣյġ
Ů׼ãһһƺƵ¥ȥ
һʱ·˷׷ߣȻΪһ֮ΪŮǿ̫޹⣬룬˫£޺ޣɯ֮ˣ֮ɫľɫŮһͬڴϣֳǶô𺶣˶ķ׷õĿŮƮȻͽ֡
һ¥ǰƹѴһڴǰ
һŮ߽ȥ۽ǵͻȻһŵɽˮͷĵֱȻ£Ȼװòϵë˲Ƥ֡
һһŮȽȥһе飬ȥȥͻ
Ůûһʲô£ӦһȽ¥¥ΧŵĶŮģŮһʧȻɢȥˣŵӵͷҲ첻سŴֵһȥƫƧӣһõţһǸ˽ȥ
Ժӣͷס壬ϵĵӷ£Щ͵ıȻֱһӱӢࡣ
һüͷһٺЦһװŪү𣿾ǻɻ㶼ӹҵķۡ
ͷת˼̹һǸɿݵһ±ðǷ鲻ֻ˭أ


424 ʺ


μسһһ
ˣǲʲô·һڰʵ
ˣ̽һʮش鷢ɫһӱ
һüͷһֱʲô¡߽һ˵䣬ʱһɫһ䣬ľ⡣

һȥˣôûɯ޹ǻʺֱֹ˫Ůӵ⼸λӡ
ɯүΪ£԰ǻʺֵĿ˱ɯһۣ漴Ǹس˫ŮЦЦׯţ崺硣
ʱͻȻ˿һ̴̵˽ٺЦС˵һǰɣǲ볢ҵʮɹǴ󷨵
ɯӣһһ
үٴμĺܸˡʱǻʺվһϴЦ⣬Եø߹ˡ
һĶһ˫ۿǻʺɨһ飬ĿͣʵظϺݺݶһۣ漴ĿתƵǻʺϣЦҲܸٴμʺٲ顣
ǻʺЦûע⡣εطһ۹ȥ
һһ£ȫ顣û뵽ԼþԡǲĹԼǻ˷ǵá
һλӣʱѿʼϲϾƣ֮ڻʼҶټ˵ʵڵأһѾܾûгԵôζˡԴӴ۹֮󡣴ҴææƫƫǼΪƫƧĵط˾µζԼȻȱٱҪϼߵ¡ʵɸΪ֮˵ҲҰ⿾ĹҡٺõĲԻζ
ŮԵһһģһǷưɨϵζڳںȾơԵ͡
ү㼸ûԷˣǻʺ˵С쾪ȵʵ
үԷϰˡ㿴Ǽһ㷴Ӧû𣿡һٺЦָ˫Ů԰ۡ
ǻʺЦЦȻһԷЩ̫Źۡ³ʵ͸¶һ˵ζ
ллʺʢˣûҿҪˡһŹĹĵضӣһڲ˵
Ҫȥǻʺûڡɯ̲סˡһദôѾΪһϰˡ
Ȼȥ˹ˣ㿴ò˶ǱߵرѩҪڻòˣôȱٵأһЦ˵
ô졣سĿɲֹһˣɯǻʺ޺޼ͬʵ
һ᲻Ұ벻ҵǲһٺЦ
үСŮҪ̸֪ɷ񵥶̸һ̸ǻʺһ˵Цæվ˵
áû⣬ءһ۾ҵʺգգЦǻʺȴǻڵһЦ
һᡣǻʺ˸ͷ顣
ô㱣᲻Ըأһǻʺ˵ϻЦ
ûϵԸҲڡǻʺȥ˸ղŶׯ飬һӱĶҲرһ񣬷תӭȥ
Ĳڣһǣǰסǻʺѩ׵°͡
ȻڣүҪСŮʲô֤أǻʺ˿壬˵˫־Ȼڻѵϵϣһ½߻ȥ
һһֻϷһûҪʲôæ۾ȴգ˲գĶǻʺĸʵشܿʧˣǻʺµ澹Ȼ˿ʵС£һĽķۺ쳤ɶҲ
ǻʺһЦϵȵСŮֻǾЩȣүӦòɡ
⣬һҾͲ⡣һ˷˵
ȻүҪСŮӲòˡǻʺЦŽϵķۺ쳤Ҳȥ
һ۾ͻȻһƨɳϣЦʵ˵㴩ô·Ͳ𣿡
£СŮأҪҪСŮһֻ֤һ͸ɫ¡ǻʺϻһȽϺɴ£ɫµԼɼϸ֮ȴʲôҲ
ˣˣ˵˵ʲô°ɡһҲٸˣֱ˵ʵ
ǻʺɫһᣬƺһҪֻ÷ǳأɻڸ岿˺ܴĲʱǺ帴˵ʱϣүһ֮
һȻ֪ɽҲ֪ҪúλѵĻᡣ
үǵŵڱɯҲ˰ٱ֮Բٱ֣үڿԴӦǻʺһ˼ҧҧ˵ѿɯѾͷѹ˵ˡ
һٺЦЦ˰ֵҵֻǿЦģˣҾͲܾˡ
ô˵үǴӦˣǻʺɫһϲʵ
ӦˣǺλҲżĺôȻ˫ӮĽôֶΪأһЦ˵
ǡ
ҵȻ˹ͷģҵһ°ǣƾԿġһָȻںɽѽ鱨磬ҳɹƾɫ˱ɻ֮Уõѡ
Ǻãүѡ˿϶ģСŮӾ͹ĴˡǻʺЦ˵
һͷ˵Ѿ㷹Ͳˡ
үҪ뿪ǹ𣿡ǻʺʵ
Ҳʱ뿪ˡһ鱨һ˿顣
СŮҲǿүˣϣүһһ·˳硣ǻʺ˵˳ͻȻһ£ȥʱЩ
һüëһֱֱǻʺ󣬲֪ǲǴǻʺɫƺ֮ǰҪ԰һЩ
û°ɣһɻʵѵԼ˲ɡ
Ȼû£ʲô£үҪ߿µץˣٹͷҪȥˡǻʺ˽ǲɴ糣΢ɲɪһ¡
һЩɣǻʺƺڼЩʲôϣϿˡ
ûϵϲϸ·ˣǻŮ¶ˣǱߺȲģǺҿǻкܶҪأǺϵȻ˽ԽԽˡһûĿĵš
ǻʺҧҧǼۺɫĳҪϣڴʱһĴȴѸϮǻʺʵظ


425 ʺ


ǻʺһӦǰһϵǲɴѱһȥֻʣһ͸ɫ¡
һһͫȻŴ󣬵ȴּɫı飬һּȾɫ
ʱǻʺŻعһЩȻĬĬۺ쳤ϡ
ôһƽϢͳʵֱ޷ǻʺ缫Ʒôڽӵĳªģ
ǻʺǳ鴤һ£֪̾ôһģҲѪȴǿǧǳͷ
ʲô취ҽΣһʵ
ǻʺҡҡͷѾûˣѾˣΪŲɯģ鶼дˣû뵽ܼ뱴ɯѾˡ
һһץǻʺС֣뾫̽ȫԼʼ˥ήѷء
ûµģ㲻ΪҸеģͬǺλİοˡǻʺֵЦһƵ壬ѿ͸
һÿɷֻǸ°ɳϣ˳˼֮С

ҹɫŨһʥħѧԺһƫƧ֮ĲݵϡΧŵ˫£޺ޡ
㲻Ǵô־°һΪһŴһʵ
ȻΪˮսˡ԰ɣ󻵵Ц˵
ǲ˵Ѿͷص𣿲ŪڸʲôôܰأһٺЦ
ŶԶ춼ȥԭʹˣִﰡ޺ɻʵ
õȥȻ˻Ұŵ׵ǲòġһЦ˵
󻵵һ㶼ˮս𣿡ʵ
ģȻġȴǵĻᣬǵİȫһ۾ǿգ鲻ô򵥡
ʱǿͻȻ˼õ̻һͼڱ˵ֻͨħ̷һȴвͬľ塣
ҹȥǾȴɡһ𡣳Ů˵
ŮЩԸһı֪ô˵ҲûõģѾٸı䡣
һΪһӰ˲ʧҹɫ֮С䣬ϢسǹһƬС⡣
һ㼫ǿĽ磬صĺܺãһܲ䵭ĺڰϢ
ʵڰ̻֣ˮôڰ̻һüͷ૵
Ӳ϶ǲеģ϶ᱻ½֮˲Ȼ壬ȴĳԡҪֻ͵͵ˮյڸʲôˮһľʲôˣ
һ鲼ȫСγϸܵ״еϢ뿪ƮƮǰ崥ǰؽ磬һãûдͳȥ
ãһϢĴ͸С֮УǽҲ˲ָԭ
ﲢûأһںڰӰˮش˹ȥ
ף찵ħѾ˵һ׶Ρʱˮ˹
һһ찵ħǺڰ̻زֻкڰ̻ʵĵϵпѧ֪ҲġϵϢһ˫ȫ˺ڰ֮УֻСĿյվӰһǶĩˮգһľɫһ۰ˮգһȴܴϸܵһִ̹ǵϢ
ףһֱֹˮյ֪һЩ벻׻ôһоʮΣյŮӣˮվ찵ħǺڰ̻ɣҵλ͡ͻȻһһ˿⣬ҲϡмƣѵǻĸŮĹϵˮҲΪףǷǺˮǽãһһ뵽ܣͷһ˵ĹУʼΪʲôˮ뾡һа취Ҫɢˡ
ܺãգʶȵ㸸ˡοظ˸ˮǽε
ףʲôʱſԿװˮʵСˮĽѰ³ɳȱػͻȻǰ޵ֿ֮С󶼷ǳġ
̾һЩһֱԭ㸸ף㸸ʱ޿̲̣ȴԭǡ
ΪεŮأˮճĬһʵ
ǶʵҲģǹʹҲ̲ȥˣӦ飬֮ҲҪҵĺ˵̲ס
סˮŵֵͶĻС
§һˮյķ۱˵øˮտһȴƵС
Ů˾ʲôһһ˿â
գ׽վҪȥˣĶһҪŬ֮Լ㲻ܸκˣκ𣿡ãӵˮն˵
֪ģףǣ㲻ܶ𣿡ˮյ͸¶ŨŨ벻ᡣ
Ҳ룬ǲˣ׽ձ뷵ؽ̻ᡣ̾ƿˮգ޳ˮյš
ˮյͷҭ
ԺӣѹֻҪ׽ķһž۵ӾͲԶˣʱͿԿĸ׻áزȥˮϵ˵
𣿡ˮʵеһļ¶ԭԼһãԭԼȻ˽㣬ָоʮҸ
ܺãǳҪأһʧ𣿡˵
šˮͷ
ˣʱҲˣ׸ˣúñءٴνˮ뻳УģȻ֣ˮһۣСһӽһɵĺ˲ʧԭء
סˮսǰʡ
һתתһҲʧԭأ˳ǵĺڰϢ׷ٶȥ
׷Ϣڶ̶ʮӳ￪⣬һѿǰǼ۵Ӱ
Ůô֮ܵͣүȱСЪϢһΣһüļľǵѹȥеϵħԪؾ˲һɫΧס


426 ظϵ߲ʰ̺


ȻûϵͻȻ⵽΢΢һͣкȻһɢźڰϢɫȣȶһɫνϮɫ׵ϸ˿
Ȼһ׵ϵķʦֻһһˣɣ֪һǵõ񴫳е֮ˡ
ŮԺڰ̻ĶһٺһЦ˲Զ֮˫޼ɵĴ
һڴͬʱҲеڴһ飬һ׵ϲƵġ
ȻӢ۳ֲ꣬Ѿͷƺͦģĸڹ۲Ů
һȻһЦӻŮŴǷ׵һϢ˼һһЩ
֪ŮǹкιɰһЦţüĵľȴʼѹ
ϵЦһʱ䣬벻һôӡ
ǹֲʲôأѲżұ𣿡ٵЦ˵
ǵǣۺڰ̻ǹ̻ͨͨһøжǷǰôôһǰᣬ˭˺뱣һѣ˭һ˵ɱЦȴԽáǿҵĲԱ˴ӹﷺ⡣
ɫ粻оеѹȻӴ̣ɫȵغâżӴ˵ֿ
ŮһǹһΣҲʶˮɣһաһɫ÷ɿ죬ɱ˲ȥȡ֮һ޺Цݡ
ҧأ֪˭𣿡
㲻Ǻڰ̻Ŷ˵ݡףˮյסˮ粻ϵĶϱ˵𣿡һ°Ц
Ȼ֪񡣲֪ĸ𣿲ҲŮ㣿ЩЦȴˡ
ڿɲ˵㡭һ˵һĻȻֹüһ𵴣ǾȻƿһȱڣޱߵغڰϢ˲ܡ
ڰաһһμε߲ħ˷
ؼٿŴһ߲ħը촷ۣһߴ˹һӰǰ㳯Զȥ
һЦ׷˹ȥǵ׷һ룬ԽԽӰͻȻһԴͣЦһԡȻһӰƭ˹ȥ찵ħͽǷӰ̫ʵˣϵϢҲһģһѱ٣ʱȻԶݡʧ߰
һЩɥĿʼصʱ򣬾ղŷͻĵطʮҵһСɽ£غʼƣһӰֳǸոѵʱԵЩǱȻ¶ļ
ҵغŮҧгݵ˵סأ˿˿Ѫ˳ָʶ£һϵħԪؾ߲ħʮ־޴ϵԪˣɵĴھȻϡ
ֲһڰ磬Լ½˿ͦε鱩¶˿֮У嶥Ϸһһָ˿ڣ˿˿Ѫǿֲ
ҧҧӿռָͳһɫһ󣬺ɫķĩ˿ȫǣѪֹסˡǵİȥ֮ȴ˿ڴһǳǳİ̺ۣȻ߲ʵɫ
䵽ϵİ̺ۣȭͷҧгݵ˵֪̺Զܻʧˡ

ˮǹĶȥĿЩɢҲ֪Щʲô
һˮͻȻʹһӱײʹɲǿʼˮ顣
ˮסӣֱù·ɣǰûʹҲ᱾ܵǰϰ̧ͷ뽫Ų֪ôĴɱʱ򣬽ȴȻһŵ͵ɴ۾ŴǰϤĻЦӡ
עŮˮʦһٺЦֽſСһ
ˮվָסԼϵĴ֣оϴ¶ͻȻһһϣСſһļϺݺһҧ
СҰèƨǰɡһȥᣬ׳Ͽ˺۰ӡ鲼ǲͬŮµĵһεļƷ
ãˮɿݣһһ̧ͷĴһ£һˮһ˵ļͷ
ã˭װһײģ㿴ڱӻǺءˮյ࣬ͷһײıӡ
һˮյıӣЦǹģվ㣬˭֪춼ûҡ
ˮղһ˵ǹģϢô
һٺЦٸѾͷۣǹġ
㡭ٳһЦᡣˮ΢һЦϲиΣʲôҲ
һֹˮյ°ͣŷ绪ʱ䲻Ҳ̣ȴһŮĻӹɢ
ˮʦԽԽƯˡһĦ°ͣԾصͳ
һͬѧʦʲôˣˮպȴûлرһ󵨵ӭһĿ⣬ѧʦĳƺһΥµĴ̼С
롭һ˵ָˮչ°»˳޳Ĳһ·£ԽĻߣָͣˮϵħ۵嶥ˣ᲻صһ
ѧˮսһЩҵһ
һȴҲ̲סˮһɵظˮշ۵Ĵ꣬ΥϢƴ֮䡣
ǼҶ飬¡Ƶħצ̵ͷˮյʶһƬ飬ɾ߰Χƣĸ質˷䡣
һݵħצ֪ʲôʱˮյ°ڣӿ룬ֱӸˮǻ缫ƷΡ
ҪˮͻȻӿ⾳оѹоһħצѼηϮŮ˽ܵĽ
Ҫ𣿡һɳЦʣָǲ¶˽òһ¡
ˮһ̵ҪҪһȫڻҧ´ૣҪ


427 ϯĻҹ̽Ůʥ뷿


ҾͦõİϯĻأ飬ǻĽҰ⣬ֻˡһԴɳƵɤૣһ˫ħצЪͣˮ֮ƣò
ˮ˫̧ͷǺǿգ촵΢磬ӿһɳ嶯Ǹķ
ᡭ᲻˹ˮսϼ㣬סһ˫ȼĴ
õģһˣ㲻˰ɡһĴǴѰһź춹һЦѾͷħɭֿòᣬÿÿؼʱ̾ͳˣ޵˵ʲôҲҪԵ֡
ˮսһⰻȻİһһۣԼϵ⣬ѡ𣿿ҾѡҲӶ⴦֮ʵøģһֱĴ
ˮʦңλ᲻ܣһˮյĶϴֵȻͣˮ鶯糱΢΢Ž§סһ
ܡ˭Ҫܰ㲻ҪܲŶԣѧˮؿڼҧ´˿Ҳ֪Ȼһѹ˹ȥ촽һϾţĵ֮ɲǼ
˵Ĳ࣬߰׻貵ǹ¾һδײУһŮϣҲֲ˴ˡ
齥ɢȡ֮ŨŨ⡣ˮճŽļϷһ˵ķۺ죬žӨĺ׺ϣƾϢ
һ§ˮգֻһֻŪţȴ飬ѯأֱʱ˿ˮվԲģʲôأ
һ֪ҼˡͻȻˮ΢΢ӣſһҸ˵İ˾ߣһĩıףܽҸء
סȥݻһһһЦ˵
л˵ɡˣţһҸ˵ˮһ˵븸Ǻڰ̻˵ʵκ˵һȴκα뽫Լһжֻǣһ׶ǧȴԲ˵
ԭ˰ΪǺڰ̻̲żԵġһϸͷȴʼûԼҪ׽龿ʲôأˮոʲô
һһһأϣռʱһġˮûע⵽һ˼飬˷ܵ˵
ÿ϶һƯһɰһһĲɵĴ
϶ƯҿɰһʲôˮڷһԾɹĵʵ
һһˮѹϣֱֱʵ𣿡
ˮĿЩ㣬ګګ׻Һڰ̻ľ찵ħ
֮أûзԸʲôһʵ
ˮյЩҡҡͷûС
һˮã¶ʧ̬ȻԱһ
ˮҧ³ݣ֪һһǿʲôǡ
һԲǷԸһЩ飬ҴӦκ˵ģ㲻ҪˡˮһţԼǰһԾȴĶζţɷˡ
һһ֪̾ʮа˾Ը鲻ʲô£ˮտ϶ôΪģҪȻӦ
֪˵һһԺתͷ
ˮϸ˿һ飬ֲûκǿһ
ˣˮ񲢲ʥħѧԺһץˮջεǰ˫飬סǷ۵ⲦŪ£˶
ˮץסһݵ˫֣ڱչأ֪ʲôʱأˣµ۹ս»ûɣ졣
ϾҪˡһʵʵ˵ȴֹץ׼ʱˮյģҪȻƾˮϵóɾﲻܲġ
Ŷˮ޾ɵӦһ֮ԱȻһǹһʱ䣬û׵˵ʲôҲҪһߡ
֮һʱĬ貵ǹⷢ
ȻˮշѹһϣֱһΡ
㡭ʲôһһ漴װɺֵܾʵ
ʲô㲻֪𣿽ĽҰ⣬ǹйŮ˵ʲôأˮָһ°ͣѧһЦʱ˿ˮɢķһһɲǵʧ
ˮռһʧе⣬Сסӳһ˫ȼץȥϾҪˣȻץʱ࣬ȻԼ¹ϳƣܲܵһǿı
ͻȻϮһһɲʱȼİĻ棬ѾͷȻ֪ǡ̫̼ˡ
˺٣ɲһһȼţһ룬Ƭص˵þòɢ

һ̱ˮסһͨƽˮȫȼˣʱƣ뿿һĻ˯ţһָͷûˡ
һˮշڴϣ̾һ˸˵Ժڰ̻ᲢûгɼŮﵽĿĵĻܲݣܹˮܵ˺ϾҪˣˮֲܺһߣһַĲ¡
һͻȻ뵽һˣ˯ˮһۺվƾʧˮյĹ뷿
ڰȻĩɢʥħѧԺһ߼Ů⣬һӰȻһŴ£ĿϿ˿ȻתƵڵĿҡ
ӰǱˣһո뵽ǸȻĪŷ裬Ҳ²͸ݡ
һϢȰƮǿңûκν磬һ֪Ŷ룬ûзһϢ
һʵҪԸһʥ⣬һǰֱŷʵѾԽʥﵽ˽ľ磬˴һԼͻϮܲЧ
ףأһƿҵţȴִϿһˣЩ
ʱһ̹ǵĺһɢһȻ伡ΪһĲӰ˴ߣովλóһȭͷСĿռУ㣬ĲѾʳӡ
żҵСӣ𣿡һӰ֣ζϤһĶ


428 


ʵ¶һŷȴһͷٲڼͷһڷ
Ůʥһ׵ɫһðźĳЦһ
㣬þòɰһ˸ŮʥעЩȻ
ʲôŮʥгһʵ
һٺһЦҲһСܾ⣬ֻǹһֱûʱ̽㣬ҾҪ뿪ˣٲɾûʱˡ
ŮʥЦһ˵ȥɽ̸ɣС²񡣡
Ǵ񰡣ҳҲֻСѡһٺЦȷе˵С㲻ϣ˭ڻװκһ
Ůʥúһ죬һ˷ţźɽӶȥ
ȻᣬɽŮʥ°ζֻⱳӰûӵùصʣֻ±Ͼ鰡ǾϸһµĲɣܶӿ¾֮ˡ
ŮʥתһվڼԶĵز
ʲôأ̫ʲôÿġŮʥЦһѲ˪Ĵˡ
ܽϣǽг죬ǾµĳɢһַϡһЦ
ŮʥתȻЦƨĺӣô˵֪˻Ϊһء
һЦЦƵӡȱ˾ʵضܱ࣬һٱӼ̬ĸȻȻڲֻͬǺܶʱǸԼһαװ¡
ˣװˣ˵˵ҵɡŮʥʵ
һͷ¹˻΢Ц˴дһ顣
£Ůʥüʵ
һԳһ֯ԣ㽫ˮյŮʥɻǡ
ôô㣿Ůʥʵ
עˮյһһеʱԼԼʲôʲô쳣ϣܹһ֮һϵ
ŮʥЦЦӦҲǲԡֻһ
ʲôҪɫʲôҿɾӦһһ˫ֱЦ˵
Ůʥ˫һɣһɫĶѸײڶ֮Ʋһؿһĺۡ
һȴǺ⣬һϵĺ۱ʧӰ١ŮʥЦȻһֱʵѴﵽ˷ľ硣
ŮʥÿɷЦٺ˵˵࣬㻹ôҹŮӡ
㡣֪ˣǳ˹֣Ůǿźŵͽ˵볤޹ءһ˫ǰŮʥ˵š
ŮʥӦó֮ΪŮˣӼͷ㷢һֱ͸Сӣص̫仯̫죬˸޴׽
ҿ԰ˮգ޺ҸŮ˫ʵʰһһ
һ˫Ŀһ˿ŮӣǻһĨ΢Ц˵Щף޺ãܵ˼ҸҵΡ
˵ǰ飬𣿡Ůʥ˵
һȴǺԱһӰסˣòָһƽŮˣ̬޺޵İ鲻ĩķ
ֻҪԸ⣬ôҸŮĿƵضһ˵
һַ̧£ƽضŮķˣΪʲôүүҪˣǸӣ㲻֪֮ǽס
Ůһᵽүүʱ˼£ƺҪƢû裬޺޸ãòŵġ
һǴסˣ㶵ŮԺﾡǾ仰޺޸Ͳá
㡭˵޺޲ãƨȻһĸͬȴһףѵҸҲ֪𣿡һЩı˴ֿڣ磬ò׽һõʵҲĽ޺޵ȴ˸ãܲˡ
ûǲ֪Ů񵭵˵ӣüѻŨŨİΡ
һƽ¼ĵ׾ЩЦʵҸײ֪ѵ֪
Ȼֻһүү֪ĸ֪Ů΢΢ЩȻһ̾įһɡ
һŮ૵˻ҷˣ
Ϊƭ㣿Ů񵭵˵
ѵǣһһĨЦݣȴ϶֪ŮԲ޵ķʸ
ûбҪƭ㣬ô£Ӧа취ֱɡŮһ˵
һĬǰΪĶԭʼķǷѪԵϵ
Ҳ٣ҸĶһ£һԼȥ޺Ҹһ΢Ц֪ʱᣬýӲޱȡ
ãûŮһı飬̾һӦ
һ˼Щңȥڻֻع쵫ȴûз
޺޵ֻܸżѪ޿ɷ档ŮȻ֪һ뷨ȿڶסһ졣
һһʼӵϷӶ
֪ʱڵҹտʼ䵭ǰס
һյǿݵأȻķŮȻûлõ˯ڲݵһ
ͬ߰ǰһⲻҪȥռռˣһӵұˬоˣʱһȴһ˼ûСǰŲҡͷ૵ѵ޺治ӡ
ʱͻȻ˫˳һˬ϶ڤжȹ
һôˣӡ˫һ鵣ʵ
һڰ֣վһ£ͻȻƿ˽ȥ˫ЩԾҲ˽ȥһȥһ˯е޺޷ò
˫޺޳ú𣿡һתͷʵ
˫Щ죬һҡҡͷûģüĿ񡣡
һͷͻȻּ˯е£޺ޡ


429 ĺ


ֻ˼һѵ˳˯ŮѨ
һǸʲô˫һˮĿովͲЩֵֹģڿȴԽԾˡ
һתͷָһĶһ̾ͻȻץ˯е޺޵֡ʲô޺޵ָһʺѪ顣
һСѪɼת
˫˳ȥʱȴһ沼һ͸Ľ磬Ҳ֪Щʲô
׷ʲôˣ˫˵һμһģǵĲѡ
ʱһµĽһɱҺ壬һҺɫһɫ
ģ޺Ĳҵáһ̾һЩʧ䣬̶еȴķŭ
һĻԣȻԼĸŭ֪ʵ޺޲ŮǱ˵֣һ̣һ£ԼŮ˻˱˵֣ǸһıоŮȴ˵ԼүүҲеĲߣ⵽ʲôʲôʧٶүүǲϺͿˣȻͨԼͷϿñӡһ
һһϢѾһɵʵ޺޹ôҲǣϡ
˼롣һ飬ʵʱʱż屾ڷ˼⣬½ľڽͷһͱ˳ȥֻлûкô
ȥ磬һ糣ĴһĨ΢Ц˳ȥ
һһ˫һǰ
û¡һЦ˫磬ɫ˫ոյҲκ֪𣿡
ס˫ͷлвɡȻһ֪ôľǵʲô¶ûз
ллסһѵ˫۵Ĵһ¡

۹ǣŸۡҫԵýӲӡư磬ߵʿףɱڣһ֪Ѫսϱ
ŭȻڿǰһһ鱨ڲҲԲ½еġ
ʱŶһ˽ŭϡȻվһСΪŭŷ硣
ŭͷû̧һ£Ȼһݷ鱨ñʹصȦ˳࣬ͷ޼İ׷Ȼ֮䳤ƬüǲŭȴƸӳ
ãŭվһ½ǣ΢ЦſԼĭӡ
Ɑ°ɡҲ֪ôģûļȳϵĲݸŭ
½ڽҪ츲ˡŭӹ豭һ辭ʮ򣬲ұȥзҲڲȥࡣ
һЦȴûжԣΪĴС㣬жֹ۷һᲢۣǸԸŭǰһĸƾĲŻϻǾ϶£ȴѡһɹ˱ĬĬŮˡ
ҹ𣿡ŭоһЩ׵ĺ˵
ոˣڴţҪȥ𣿡
ȻҪȥŭٺЦЦǼթζеһӣ֪丸ӻñ丸
ŭһϵ̤˴֮Уλſ۹Ĺٷȫͦų
˴νд飬°ɡŭ󲽴ߵϷĸ߱
Ǽ𣿡һλףſ۹Ĺٷεɻ˵ÿش飬ŭеĸģȴֻǼˡ
˸ô꣬εˡŭ˵ϲɫı飬ɱһ˿ɱ
ǲ̫࣬شҲ֪ˣڹµ۹ҪĹͷսϺ̲סˣһ˺üȦǣÿζΪģұǷȻ˲ĽǣҲ㹻ʹһЩʱˡŭŵˣǴЦ˵ƺΪá
ǶǿϵȻÿζսĲָƣʮһҹ޷ŭ˵
ŭҹ޷棬ʮεĸȴѱ֪ųżĺȦ֮⣬һжֻΪ̫ӥȾһĺŭ֮ġ
ż꣬κʧһССĲضż弰丽ӹң÷ŭҶģӲ
ʵⲢҵĹͣսǵˣʲôҶһսôùأŭźӹЦɨŵˡ
ĹһϲɫĴƨǿŭص鶼˵Ѿ㹻˵Լеλܲϲ
ҹ޷ɫһԺкһը죬ֽűñ䣬õЦݽϡ
ŭɢȥҹ޷ȴ
㻹ҹŭüһ壬֪ҹ޷涨Ǹоʲô
һҹ޷˫ϥſϲˡ޷治֪ʲôˣԡҹ޷ǸǳˣżңǺŭһ𳤴ŭɱӲĸ֪֪ŭܽսжӵ˵Ϊ֪ܣŭ˵ʱûаϲãǲľ
ŭӸ¶Źǰҹ޷棬ĿһƬ䣬޷棬㲻ᱳңһ飬ǾȢһˮﻨŮˣ̫ӥɼ飬Ӧû֪ɡ
ҹ޷ԺһһƬհףһֱΪŮ˾Ȼỳŭ˵κһ仰ŭ˵ǾһС
޷棬Ҳ䡭ŭҹ޷ͳ˵
ҹ޷˲̧ͷһƬᶨƽ֪ôˡ
ս䱳ľʦ֪߱˶ӣڲʼýԶɹ
ҹһҹ֮䱻Ѫϴҹ޷潫޶ŮһҴ棬ֳһǿĽ֣ûκ˷˵Ǻڰ̻ɵģΪҹŨصĺڰϢ
޷棬ŭǷģŭԺǿգ۾оӨ


430 ǻʺİ취


ҹѪɵӰǾ޴ģŭڵڶŭ緢Ҫ֣Ϊҹ޷汨Ѫޣ佫ìͷֱָսĺڰ
żһѸȺ鼤ߣΪ˲Ϊһҹ޷棬ҹѪ֮ϵǰĩеĽŽᣬһЩͷҡڵҸǼᶨͷΪսֶѪȣǱҲһûкùӳԡ
սһߣڼһֱĥϣĲ룬ǧ֮ۿҪѨ
ò˵ҹ޷ǸˣͨսڼϢݳȥԲ̵ֶνԼһ޵˿־档ŭǾĲѣ£κε֮绢ŭȴֻ
ֻŭȴڣѡһΣȻ̵ľ߱еģԱ˲ҲԼ̡
ݹ۹Ž⣬һλ߲̤ǧĿݹǵ߷壬ǿݹ֮лˡ

ʱ̣ˣо۾ɢ
һվǰıɯˮգ޺޻еЩ⡣ŮȻûеᣬЦһһ˵
硣ʱҲˣǸ·ˡ޺޳һ˵ش۾գû졣һҲоĳꡣ
ǰ߰ɣǰսҪƺ޲һϿ
һȻЦӡʵԭд޺һߵأԴӽӵǸϢȡͷŮ̸˵ˮպܲԾǴ粽ؿ
Ůͬ⣬ȥһȻ߸˵ͬˣⷴδҲ̫ˣһһʱ֮䶼޷ܣֱֹ
ʡһʱҲûʱٶˣ鱨żŮ١
һĿ⿴˱ɯֻһ㣬ȻЦĲ˭óΪΨһѪһٵˣùǻʺͻȻ˵Ҫչأе鶼ӸǢ̸
ˡһڰ֣»˫˿У˲ֻССغڵ㡣
ʱɯǿ̵ˮž̶£޺ޣˮŮҲȻ׷׹ȥοɯ
һ˫˵˺ɽıԵͻȻһ´Ů䡣
һƬֵ֡Χһ峺СϪʣˮˮɫĶʯֱһ־ϵĸ߲ܡ
ʱһöظϪˮƮӦٵһе˼ȴܸоǷݴȻ顣
ôеϤһûоã˫ʵ
ǰҲôáµͷ˵
һ΢΢һЦһǣһŮ˳ŸƮķȥ
ȵϪˮбһִˣһλŮӣֻŴֲ£ֱСȴŽѾһ߸質һϪˮŮӵβȻһëʵѩ׺βһŮӡ
˫Щˣòͬеǻʺ󡣡
һȴ⣬ЦؿǻʺͬһֵŮ質ʵף֮ǰǶׯҪʵĶࡣ
ǻʺһתһˣʱ㷢ֻǼ򵥵ıӣȴһ˵ķ顣
ʺ󣬱ɯ˵ڱչأôֵʵ
ǻʺЦЦΪʲôҪĺ÷ˣУԺٽһʺˣҵĹģԺͽĽɡ
ǻʺһ˵ŮĿʱһ
һʼ磬㽫ǻʺϵķ˵һ飬Ů𾪣û뵽ǻʺôʵѾˡ
һǲа취κĽĲ˫ʵ
ûа취ȫʼήù޿ҲֻһЩʱܳ׸Ρһҡͷ̾
ô죿½ŵʵɲؿǻʺɡ
˫ҪæˣϣܴĻһ˱ԭһ˫˵
˫ȻһˮѹĽز顣
һͷ֮Ҳ벻취ˣǻʺʱˮ˯Ժ˰취ٽȻ
ʱǿ̲ݻûжͣҴҵسŰµ۹߾ٶѾ˼ޡ
պ˵˰µ۹߾ϣǺĻѩѾڻ룬ѩˮºݵشӳͣѩ֮ˮ֣µ۹ǶֶѰ
˫ûйֻһһۣԼǧԵӣҲٯٯƺĽŮϷ룬һ񣬽һһܵģʱŮ֮䲢Ҫ׸ıͨĬɷǧˡ
˫ǻʺƮȻԶȥΪ˸õط꣬һֱμ仰
Զˣ㻹Ҫʲôʱ򰡡Ц˵
һعͷһ΢Ц£ͻȻд˿˿ϧ
ôˣôңܲأǲҰ¿һеϧͻȻһʵ
Ҫ˼ˣǻø·أѩڻĳ̶ȣǵľµ۹ھֲսˡһЦµ
ºɵĿһһۣͷһֿʼ˹ȷǰ
ҹ·˶ǷһıЪϢģһʼնûϢ
ľӪһ޼ʣɫӭ裬ɱϢԶԶѸܵõݷһѼΣʿﵽǰĩеĶ塣
û˵ע⣬һºܿҵ˿ŶӪ˫Ӫ
һͻȻʱ˼ʣܿƽټܰԵһɽ쿪ʼ»顣
һд֮ıаޣŮɳϻҫҲЩССĵ⣬Ͼһֵ̳ġ
н쵽룬һھУһƬƬĿĿ⡣
ųھУһʵ
ؽǰųӵżĵڷǵ;С
һͷ첻⣬һͻȻʯ쾪ҽųʣҪŵĿȨ


431 ֪


һĻһ˽Ծȴ¶ϲ飬Ȩĺ¿ɲʱʱõġ
ûΪʲôҪĵģǵְǷֻһһ˵
һʼֲҪƵĲǾųɳأڿһӰĸλرһϵľ١
ҹ˫ӪоȻƻͨ˫Ӫʿѽȫװ룬ȴľ
Щһӣյһһŵʮλ񾭡
ʱűһ˫Ӫʿ˽һ˫ֳһݾոһλн͵ľ
һһ񣬽ӹչ¶һ˿ЦݣǿҪľλܱ߱á
ˣݾȥһ֮󰴼ƻжסҲϣһ˫ӪӪʿ𣿡һɫƽĿʵɢһλ߲еϣֻھӪ֮УЦŻ־˵ȫ¶ӶԶֹô򵥡
סͬʱվ𣬴Ӧŵ
ĻڣƲ㽫˸ǳڸǣ˾ӪĻѣطܼ
ų֮ڣųɳһԡͰ֮ˮ塣һֶһţͦܵġ
ɳؽʮˣʮξѾʮͷһǳ˵ˣھӪ֮۵һŭӪӲ죬ȴһӪŭĳָһͻȻϮ
ɳش˴һӺݾ֪һᡣܲشܵŭǰϱʮԺͱŭĸ
ڿɳصǯ죬ȻͬģҲǣɳأŭ֮ǲΣΪԷһϾżоء
ųǺ£һͬһΣһͳЦͻأڴһӰƾճɳص
ɳһɫĶһš漴ĴԡͰתһЦԭǶү֪ҹкιɣ
һһ£ĸԼһƣɳصʵ¶λղֵĶâдһĨɫǵ˴ʦĶ壬ͻƵʥһ֮ң
Ȼ²㣬ҪŵؿȨ֪ɷ񣿡һһڡһżƳ˰С
ɳؼƲͬһ˲ó壬æԡͰ˳£ɳؽʵ֪ŭһĳ谮ȴ벻ŭȻƴһҪ֮λˡ
һµͷɳػʶʱϵûв
ɳشһ̬ȱù
үȻҿԽŵĿȨ㡣ǶһֿЧǺܴ󡣡ɳЩε˵ڿﾭӪôꡣֵһҵ¡
ף㲻õġһ˵
ɳصͷӴȡųʸһ
һҡҡͷų㱣ܣҪִֻ𣿡
ɳضԹģֻҪү±صǡɳع·ģ統ŭһ㣬Ϊ֪Ժʮа˾žĪĶүˡ
ܺãɳأ븸״Ϊʲô㲢ŽˣܴһĿƵضɳ˵
ʱڿŵʮطɧңܿƽϢһЩľϵˣѡ˳ĬһЩݵڽӵ˾ų֮ƽ
ã˫ӪеܰԣϹͬʮѹʮŸ߲㽫оʡ
Ҳһܰһ˷ܵظһھžɳ˿
һһȦǱסʮͨͨϵһ٣Цˡ
ԸЩѺȥ֮һ鿪ʼо˸Ʊ˶ֱͦɽ񾭱
ʱ˿̣սؼʱֻ̣ȱѩڣµ۹֧Ų˶õģȴһ£ʲôڲֻ֪Ҫ֪һ齫ÿ۹۹˲֮ǰŬһѹ֡
нųɳص鶼ý´ģʲô龹ôӰأǲԴ⡣
ҵǵ۹µ۹ı߾ߣֻ׼׼Ҫ۹ԶΧ°ڣͼ۹ڲˣһϾ֪ѣ۶ôѣĴ۶Ҫͷһ˵һһ˵
н춼ɴһ׷Ӧŵ
һҹųɳټе˳ϵľͨ£ֱڶеľٲźŰ˫ۼҴһصԼϽӪطųɳص
¾ȻҲܰԼλ˫ӪĶĽ˫Ӫεطɢ۹ŵΧһ©֮㵱ɱǰκ˽롣
صԼĴʱȴһѾӰֻһŸվıֻ֣֪ġ
սеּֽϷ·ܸоһůҲҴȥҲҴңһ˵һ强ûκԹԣһְʹ˵Ҳܸ֪ҲҸ
֪ҵֻΪȼա૵̵һɲǱޱͣеĹԿǹ⡣
ϵĴͷĿǹϣ·ůĻ
֪ģǰ˭֪ǳ˵ıƳҸһĨһɡ
֪ģͼǳһģǾ޴ڵ΢ȥԼ˼ɡ
ãϵĲչĵף£±µѪʹ


432 


ԽԽɻˣĲҲԽԽǿҡ
ҲˣҷʲôҾʹҲȥһ֣شӿнһŴ²ˣһȴͨͨЩЩ֡
һ̾ߵµǰǰı߾߾͵۹ˡ
ʲôҲûֻͻȻ³ǵĴ󺣣ѵ㲻𣿡һµߣ㣬۹Ѿˡ
ҵȻ룬³һУܲúÿ죬˵ʲôõ鷢ˡЩץһĴְʵϣҡ
һЩĬ˼ҪҪڸ
ˣ֪һˣҪȻЩʱЦݲڲк¾ʹӪµܼ
һµҲˣ綼֪
㸸Ӧ׶༪ˣλΪλͷѪɡһص˵̿ԽԽ԰׵ɫ
ôʵһֱܺõģûܡѵǱıģ˭˭ҡһֱ۴󺰵޼һֱ޶ڰϾװ֪޼Ǻġ
λ硣ǺͰµ۹๴ᡣһ̾һʵ§뻳С
ӱɻ̽һ˵Ϣ޼ĺ䱻˵ˣһֱ޼ºڰ̻ǵԶҩҩʱκ쳣ֻڷʱǻڵĶҩữΪڰ֮ʴڵѪܣˣʬ廹ڰ֮ɵĴ
ʱ޼ûвѾ޿ɾҩˣǹ³ǵ·ʵڹңԶһʱûء
һ֪޼һ۹ضң䶼Ƿǽ࣬ΪȨһٻ˹ȷϵ۹ţʱ˲ƣô֮ǰȡõʤλӰˡǿǸ˼Ĵ۲ȡõʤ
ô˻µ۹˾ң½Ҫҳһˣʱǿ̿뱯
һβÿŷ߾ߡ۹ʹǰߡȻϢµ۹϶ɢӰġû۹ʽͨ۹ľžܻỳɵҲ˾ģʱ鱨Աһ£Ӧòô⡣
ǿȥɣλڲ³ǣһǳ¡촽ûһ˿Ѫɫʹ뵽Σʲôһġ
һͷסµһ㳯۹³ǰ
۹ڣһϣ۹ѾҳһƬ޼ڰ֮ɶϢѾմֵڸӵߵ֧¿ʼ˻λᣬطرȫǰ³ǣӶ򼫶˻ңɱ͵ʮֲΣ޴Ĺһ̱֮С
²԰ŵ»ҵؽҧʱʽʮ۹˴ң䲻ݸ侮ʯĶʲôɫκ˶һСǧҵҪһʱ³
Ҹô죿½һȡϵůߣ˵ԼŲ
µģһߡһοʮּᶨ
һͷһЩǵģһܵķһġ
һ§£·ǷһĨֵЦݣһ޴Σֺγһξ޴ĻᣬµڱûǾͳõʳ
ֵһᣬһ֪ظɵôϵĻֻʣˣʱλȨô۹Լ֮ֻһ֪鲻ô򵥣ֵһСˡָ㣬Ӧǰµ۹ߺڰ̻ˣǲԼĿ״ɵء
һ·ϣһ֮󵽴˲³⡣
֮ħǸжáһԺзôһͷֻϧħʧѾã״ȱȫ
ʱһʧ֮ʥɨЩ鼮мӦǼظħģΪħͼ˵ȴһ㣬һҲҺ˫ǻһЩ͵ļħ󣬱ħʲôģħָӵĴħᡣ˵ħһŸѧʣ临ӳ̶զ࣬һоȥЩ
ܿЩ־ͺˡһа
һ˼ûгãΪĲ³⽼Ӱ˵ĸֱţμȻЧλӡ
̫⣬뻹ûдĻ۹Ū䣬ǧٿףķģսô۹Ԫػ𣬵ʱҪָɲһܰ쵽ˡ
ߺˣ˻ȥ³ѶرաʱϵĴħʦٿУǲ³ǵĿз
治ʶأװʶһζЦ½ǳ˵ˡ
ħʦɫ˱䣬Ϊ׵һ˳һڿһ²μ¹Ǵʱ¸ոռݱӶԸ׼κ˽롣
Ҳ֪¸ոռݱŮܲȥݼλָǱ˶ǣ𣿡һɫţֱħȵɫףҡҡ׹
ϢŭȥһҪΪ׵ħʦﷺĿֻУһĸоɽ㲻ɺƱ㽫ǱƳʵѴﵽ˴ħʦľ磬ǵġ
ΪǣõɣүոˣҪȻѾһʬ塣һ˵
Ϊ׵ħʦãҧҧź漸ÿ
ʶʱΪܣԺűү͹ɡһתת⼸ħʦʵ߿԰Լʲôġ
ħʦͷ˿ǽ±ߣֹ
ȥˣе¾¥ҡһЦЦͻȻһƬӰħʦڵһ㱻б³ǽ
ļħʦӶҽ˺ʯе˶ĿɿڴĳǻɰֻǸǳԾ鷢ˣǼħʦȻû°ÿ϶һƬ졣
ʱһȴѲӰٴγʱѵ۹ʹһ


433 ǹ


۹ʹһƬذףæȥĹŮֱ϶һɫĺ֮Լȥ޼ʱһŷֳ۹ʹ³Ǽ۹ȻûйҰף˵ʵȥǾٹܿô£޼״ڰ֮ɣ˵ǹµĳͷȻ㲻Ϲɥˡ
⵹̵ͦģʱһڻʹ֮ʱ̻ʲ˹ǰף޼ǵ⾢ͱˣأ˹̻ʥִǰ飬ֻ߸ѣͷ޼ᱻһڰаħͷ
ʱʧȥһϣͣطʹȴ˷ǣףȻ޼Ĳְȴһûʵۣ۹֧֧һ۹Ҳ˻֮С
һһ̾§µȰ㳯йȥ
ס޹ֻȼŮæţһȵ޹⾹Ȼһͨͨĺϲֵܸˡ
µĹ뷿һж޸ı䣬¶ܰһһ̨ϵĴʪĺҡšһ﷢һС
㣬򡣡ʱһίдžϲϤſǽСӳһǰɢһͷɫĳ㲣ᡣ
Ρ»ڡһ˹ȥýһޡ
һ﷢ᡣ֮ڵһλԶѪԵ飬ñСʧȥסҲˣֹ¿϶ǳܡ
һǰҲǹ¶ûмĸûӵйԲ֪ӵ֮ʧȥʹࡣǰһһһС޵û˶ӵ뻳С
ůĻҵץѰʾο
ǿˣҲЩܼ尾ڽб˷йλĹһг˯˹ȥ
һǱϡָһòȵλС˯øӳ޹

һȣһ裬ζɳһͷӣ˳û㿡ʡֻ˫ĿɢüĿ֮Ũصа֮ȴ۹ġ
÷ʱ򰡣Ҳ۹ҵһӡ񸸻;ȡ۹λΪӵУǶȻֵ֮Ҫᣬ÷һҪҲСĵһϣʱʣ˵ʲôҲҪλ˵
һЦţǵȻҴӣҲ˭أ۹Ļλûκʸ
áãһйһƻᣬʱҽһЩʶá
һЦӦУһ˿⡣ո߳µ޹ıһҴҸ˹뵽й衣ɴ˿ɼǽžӺпƵġ
һ뷨ܼ򵥣ȻҪæԸ䣬ֶΪأóô˻󵽵λ
ûͣãϻһξ룬һĴתһ£˵ķ֡
ʵһºʱȴˣֻʱƺˡ
һ˻ʹɫĳнֵתơԭĺ֮ǴʱȴԵʮ壬ʮﳤֻмҿӪҵǴŽա
ţһ˼ȫתƵ۹ľϣ̲ˮڿɲһĻǡֻ汻˲ݵľżˣڰ̻棬ҹ̻ʥִҲϾҪˣʱһʮ֡

뵽֣һͻȻԼ֪ߵһƬֵķͷӿų˳ӡ
һҿ˿ǹһĨȤЦݣԭ֪ߵ˲³ǵĺΧҿɶǲ³ߵԺ
۹ľƶˣĵʮҹ˾żңƫƫƤȴõó棬ڻǴأѵȫǵĹ嶼ۼ˲ɣ۰
£ȥһ䣬ĻɫȲȵӪ¥ѡһΪ̸ļԺһһҡ˽ȥ֮ѡΪ棬ԺȻװεõű£һ˿糾֮ҲƮ֮ĺȴġ
һȥһƯŮкͦģȻǱһƤҲҪ°
һڲмʮӣÿŶˣ֮ľդ̵ֲеִĿ
ǲ¥һкŮ
ŮЦ˵ãʲôС
һ˼ԭߣֻ˶ѡ
Ůһǰ¥İᣬ󣬵װεʮ
һһƨɳϣЦʵﵹͦģʲôرķûУ
һٸңиַѡǻᣬȾƣϴԡȵȣֻҪõʲôԡŮЦȻ˵ĹâתʲôԿǰ˺ܶණ
һַ˷⻨ȫǸַŮĻ񣬸˶ʸ߹󣬿ҵС㣬ѹôĽϰԴǺʹ֪Ǻηʥ
ˣһʲôŮûȻϡЩǶĻϰʮָȤ
ѡϰôһϻٺЦʡ
Ůһ漴Ц˵Цˣϰôܡ
û˵Цϰ壬ɷΪͨһһӿռָһöϽҷŮ˳ͦظһѡ
ŮȻЩ𾪣ùСҲˣȴĩ˽һϽΪСѣĩҲ̫ˡ
ŮöϽҰΣǮ˭ôһǮһӶһöϾҡ
ԲҲգҿԴΪ֤ͨϰ᲻㡣ŮҧҧϾҵݻظһ
Ů˾һøдж˴ջ󣬿һ﹤ˣȻƷУһ
ȥɣϰңǮ㡣һЦ˵
ŮɫϲҲƴǣתųȥˡ
һֿһƿƣոҪţһͻȻˣһ񻣬װɫŮվſڡ˱ǣžһһϤĸо̧ͷӳһĵľա


434 


һ۾ЩؿǰŮӡ
ôүʶСŮ𣿡ŮӽðᣬһǰתһȦ¡粨ӿ˻ǡ
һЩɣٺЦϰʲôʱôˣúÿ˷
ľ΢ذһһۣƵһߣһΪһһƵݸЦү滵СŮǿ֣ɱѴ̸ԱߵԺᲢۡ
ããţ̶ȣĺϰͨ󡣡һľ̵λƣֱֱۣܸζȴһ㲻
ľЦȴĩܿһͳԶֻСһĴϲ᲻صŤһ¡
һеĹһƱħƳɵĲ輸ϣһ죬ɲʱЩء
ľ΢΢һ̾һôûôԴ𣿡
ҵ𣿡һʵ΢ͷľЩįһ޿ɷľ̶ױȵһҹҲʱԺСŮ̫أһģټʵʵ׽͸
˶ˣ㻹ʡľתգѽգ˫ֱһֱۣʵغ˼ɵѹȥ
ҵĲҵأұӪˡνͬΪıһ˵ٵ˶˭ӵСɲ뱻еùͷʣ¡
ļ̌ͷӵŵȻһͻȻĴһ£ЦͬΪı١һأŬһ˵ͽߵӪˡ
һ䱻ľ顣Ů
𣿡һľ̵°͡ڰ֮˵ػ˵ŮԼдá
ô֪أľ类Ⱦһۺ֬ⰻȻǡ
һ̵ס츲ȥطҷо⴫겻ѡ
ǲ֪ƣسţǴоղܡһľ̵ط۱ǰ̽ʵ֮ϡѣһ
ḻ̌ͲͬһŮӡɲ˲ô࣬СһסһСֵߣšֱˬһɾ졣
һľƵɳϡɳЩ³سȥϵ
һʰ˾ɳϷһ̹ԡ
ҵײ𡣾þòɢȥ
Ъľ㺹һĻУ˳ֻèǰɵȴ¶ӵ顣ƺڿʲô
ʲôһľ̵ط۱ʵ
ľҡҡͷһͷһ¡
һûʡĸԼܸܵõҲвѵؿ԰ɡ
ľһػૻ
ţʲô£һʵ
Ҹһܣ֪𣿡ľҧһͷЩ˵
һһľ̵ѩһƣεҪ˵˵ҪңȻˡ
ľ̿һЦƿ촽ְ壬ǱԵþĶǡ
ʵǲ֮𣿡ľգ΢Ц˵
ţĻôġһٺЦûеһ£Ҳһ˰ɣ񲻾ͻɢеһ
ҿǸ˵ģʹҲһҡľ̵Ц
ôţԺǸ㽻ֻһЦ˵ָݵľǷ۵ϵһ¡
ľ̰һһۣ˵ٸһܣʵⲻ֮Ҳġ
ŶʲôһȤʵ
ľ̲ͷһֹһһߵģ
һŴͣͷһ£ЦСޣŹڲͬ
ֻ֪֮ܳˣɲܸ߱˰ľһĿ䶺Ū½Ц
ãҴӦ㣬µĻһЦŽľ§ǰֻη죬ʪشһɨ˶
ҪʲôСŮӶ㡣ľһ˿ؽЦ
һҪжʱȴһƺ˷˳ͻ
ľüһһʼ£ǵ´ˣҵҪ˭ıӵҵĳ¡
һ״Ҳ£˼ḻ̌ٻӰŮ˵ܿɲһĶడЩڴˡ
ľ̳ðᣬоһǿҵˮϵħһƬɫĺⷽԲ֮ڡ
ľһɲʱʧ˲类һʧӰ٣ӰѳһȺ˵롣
𣿡һͷλʵѹӣüͷһ壬λװῴģǴ˴¼
ô£ľ̹ŵ΢ЦɢѹǾ޴ġ
һʹס壬ľ̹ŭϰ㿴Ű죬СӾȻҪɱҡ
ʱΧеһλŮ˳óӦǴ̸ĻеһЩεضľ̽͡
ԭŮװҪ񣬵λŮŮ켣³۾ǶһۿŮ֮ݳãҲв٣װ֪ϷÿģͻȻڴŮʹ˵Ŀ񱩵ĴӦǸǿˣ𵱳ɫس˳ȥڰŴŭһĻֻŮһ˿ҵرŴִֵӣһŻб޳Ůȫһ˵ĺϱ޺ۡ
𵱳쭣ӵӶ˱ֳӵӺݺһţʱ̸Ļ˹˫ʱ˼ҵĳͻ
ľһۣɫ΢һЩȻóṴ֮̊ʶһµĹС㡣֪ǻSMҲǴ̸һǹġ


435 һ׷


һᣬλүյĻȫ⣬ô˰ɡľЦŶǻӵ
ܾôˣǮеǣϰһ׷Ļ¾ôҹҲĩɡӵڸģӻʵֿʼɫġ
ľɫĩ䣬Цһ׷ǰɣˣȥҺԺķ䡣
⻪ɫһϲ뿪ڣλǿ׳ʿ¥ȥ˺ԺϷûÿˣӸӿɢȥˡ
ϰġľֹ
ľصЦЦλŮ¶ֵ飬ЦֲЦ
𡣡һǰһ
һ¶ŵɫתͷһϤЦɾϲӡ
һôǰͻȻͨصͷȼǵһ뿪³ǵǸҹһоȻ˯˹ȥʱټȴ³ЩΡ
ԭʶǲˡľЦЦŮԶ
һһЦ򶼲֪ķˡ
ôѼõô𣿡һЦ
ŵһĵЦƽһĸǰʵϰﻹǸ̬ؼһռ˰
һٺһЦ֪ȥ͵ˡ
Ƶ˺Ժһȥ˼ɱĽ
Ǹ̬ôеôҰɻʵ
Ҳ˵Ǳ̬ˣǲԳ֮еԽ˵Խġһգգ۾
˵Ҳǡȥʲôɡ˵
һסЦͷòҲ֪ľ̽ĥСˣǲ֪Ǻַˡ
˳˹ȥǲҽԽԽ
ģûУֵˣþûŪϸƤĻɫˡʱǲҽһɳƵ
ٵһһûˬءһŴ
һڸʲô
һһı飬ľŮ˹湻ѹѾͷ¶ֱ顣
Ǹʲôˡ߰ɡһסֵӴӰ
ûǱ̬жأһҿһ¾ߡߵǰƿһ졣۾ҪȥǰͻȻһڣһĴָסˡ
顣һЮٷ˴̸󣬽ʱѵƬĺ̲ϡ
ɿһ˺̲ϵľʯϣһ˽һ˳Ϻ̲ĺˣǻ̫ˡ
һΪʲôҿߵһ߳˵ļᴷһ¡
ĵسԲ·ôôأһתͷЦͻȻƲŵǣͻȻʶԼϵˡʲôס
˸׽úܺãûܵȾǱϾ˵һЩֲ֮ͬСǶԻпܲװ
׾ˣˣôڴ̸󣬻⸱硣һЦתƻ⡣
һǿЦֻǾú棬뿴ʲôо
һĬȻòһ޼ʵĴ󺣵˲ֻڹȥЩ׿ɢ
ֻ֪֪ǿƲסԼҲ֪һʲô飬ֻǲģҵһϲһ˾ȻסȭͷЩߡ
ɵϣôҲ÷ˣԳкӽһЩͬ˭뵽Լϲôõ˾ȻԼһŮأִɲ˳ܵ˵ġ
ҶûоˡЩɥܹλкӸʶ᲻һ˿Ȥ
һǸҹǸǣȻ˯˹ȥޱŵһ
һı飬Īľ̹࣬ʵҪ˵ооһĸоȽǿңǸܰģҲ٣Ųɵøһ

ߵʮֵͨϼˮȾ˺ɫź˵ӿ䵭ߵƲʸǱ仯ˣ׳۹
̫ȫ뺣һߣһϼûǱ˳ͷһеѭ˵ľҲ֮ı䣬ᵽܶ಻йľµĸ
ѻȥˣʱֻʣһһƫƧɳ̲ϣ𣬻Ȼʱš
ֱԶһȺϺȻѣϻҪȥĵľƻᣬĺ̲ҹɫתŻʹӶȥ
ĵйǱƣ֧λĹԱ
ӭ˳ЦΪܣкܶ˶ڵ³ҹϼͲ֪ˡ
һŹûзʲôɵüӦһѰ˸ߵ˽⴩䣬αŮŮ
Ļ˲ô¶棬˵սǾʦһڰġ
ƣƻĿѾĻȫħƶʾһԶŮ§һ裬вŵʿ󸾣ҲȻеŮ潵Сˡ
һĻһĻһ־磬һվڽеԹ۵飬Ϊ̫࣬룬սɱһѾʧȥġ
һˣƹ§Ů׷ɢ˾۳˶ѣƨſˮ
ʱƻſڴһɧһ۽߳Ů˳ſڣŮ㷢µԺ󣬳һϾûװֹȴôҲڸǲסȫеŮ˵Ĺâѹȥ˿Ա⣬˶׷׾̾
һ˫ϲŮˣֻôе찡
˼룬ôƯŮûɻ˵ģһü˼ұ֤ûмȴֵһĪϤС
һܣ˶ŮסˣǵĿпԿƺҶû
һӭȥֵĪаļһﾹȻĿаӣŮһ㣬⵹һ첻ѣµһЩʲô
ҽһ£λӣǱ𾴵ˡĵĽܵ
һҡҡͷӣֻһƺŰɣûнܣĻĵ֣鲻٣ԼĲ²Ӧûˡ


436 ̽뻳


γѵӿȥŮŶӦĸо
һڽﶢŮӵһһ̾ƲȥŮϵĹ̸οһǰǶý߸߳ССֻӯӯһգǼ㾦֮ʣеĿȥ֪˭ҵô˾ˡ
һĿתĴʱŮͻȻ׳һķǾȻһĨ޵΢Ц
һüëһ˿õӭŵĿ⣬̽ҪӯӯĿȴһôҲͱƵɴ޼Ѱ
ھƻתһȦ漴ĵ½˺˶˽Ůˡ
Ѿ֮ĵžصĵλ˵ѾﵽΨǴӵĵزôӦþĺݵ˰ɣֻȻǸգϸоκħ񲨶ȷĸ
үһ𡣡ʱһĹŮܵһķ𾴵˵
ˣһﰵһͷ⹬ŮȥȻ֪ΪʲôӻԼϤĸоˡ
˺ֻӶɳףҲࡣ
÷򣬿㡣ĳһ˵
һ˹ȥûǾӸµشνӣ۾źƯȴûԼκһŮˡҲҲҲϤظоôϤأһ˼⡣
ү㲻𣿡û˿Ц˵
ˡվűȽһٺһЦ˸ζҲܺţŨ壬ֻǻûĸŮ˿ԶԵϺš
÷򡣻°ɡվſǶӵĲĳһ˵
һʼһ̡˫ֱصضӡЦǰɡֹ治֪ɾӺδ
ҵ㲻Ҫ֪۵ֻôӵϻλӱͣһصĽɣǳ
ԡԡָһĹһᵽλȲˡ
ѾŪԭźڰ̻ڰ̻ڤߡ˵
һڤǲĵʦ𣿿ڰ̻κͽˡֻǺηʥ̻᣿̫
û뵽ܾȻ븸һ;ôλҲУҪȻ۹ñһ˵Ҳ룬۹Ѿֵܸҳһˡ
ǣӿɵŬһɵعĵ
һŬءֻǶеرҪҡ˹ȷϵֳٳûлؾȵϢһյֱһݰ
õģү㡣еһӭж⡣˵תһһ˿صЦ⡣
һϲӼȻ˵ô÷һ԰æ÷򣬽ҡ
һһۣŮǹء
ʵܼ򵥣زǺڰֻ̻Ҫ鹫֮ھ֮ˡһЦ˵
ѽ÷Ǵֻû֤˵ȥҲû˻ŵġһ֡漴йˡ
һҡҡͷһ̲࣬޼һӢȴݰӡ
û֤ݲ֤𣿶ҹִϾҪ˰ɡһٺЦ
ĻȻ򣬴̾һѾʼıˡ

м𣿡ǿ£һߵӡ
ÿŮӶôʵ𣿡ӵһЦ
һɹȻһЦװɵˣһļĿ
Ӳǿգɴ಻һˡ
һһԺʩųԼһ㳯Ϯȥ˭֪羵ˮ°һһĴִ͸ӰһĴջʱֹسԭأٶȿþû뿪һ㡣
һȻȻмֱ£ƺͲԼӰ졣ûж룬һӳһŵʼƬռ䡣
Ӳ㣬ϳһӨ⣬ȴûһ㷴ӦھҲǻȻ壬ǰɵЦ׷ˣع̫
һջҲٹֻǳ˼Ůˡûɵģһֻϵ˺ҧҲеоأŮȴôһ£ƺԼĹȫڿմôأٲҲ
һ룬Ȥһоһ˿˵ζ
ܵأһҡҡͷٴ֣ӵزӡ
Ȼ㣬ѩϸزӾȻһħצ֮СһоϴĻо
𣿡ȴ·ûб˿͵ľ򣬷Цʵ
һͻȻǯ˲ȴ˲;лĲӱһſͷȴԼĴϷЦ
ʲôһò
С̫ˡЦ
һƽ°͵ĺӣ´һͻȻЦҲһΡ
Ӿȵһһۣѵôҵ취˲ɣ֮±ͷͬ⡣
һٴνӵزӣ͸Ӱһ㡣Ĳֻһ˿϶ʱһĴͣסˣܸоƤϵȶȣ֤ǻʵĲӣðƵġ
һĴƣͣͦظϷ
Ӳ˲ףҪڣͻȻһȥɵҲȥʱԼ鱻һůΧ˺ü¡
㡭ӷ޺޵һһۣϰ׹һʧԭء
ռħѵҲǳʧ֮ǲɣһоǵħԪز૵
룬һԽӺܿɣͷβûг֣˸оĸ߹ԼʱƺûôǿҡȻԼĴֽӴĲӣô˵Ҳż֮׵ģһŮ˵ǲġ
ߣԻûйĶӦԼˣթԿ֮ķӦҲʵζ˵һŮص㲿λϮôҲô󶯸λ𣬵ȴֻЩգûжѵ


437 ˮ


߰˾Ѯ˹ȷϵıѩڵòˣ۹۹˹ȷҹ½սĻ
ڿŵķ۹Ĺûһݴģеʹһⱻɱ۾Ųûеĳˣ˹ȷϵͳýֹǿȣ˹ȱҲֻʱ⣬ʱԼͻǰµ۹ˡ
ǣýֻսʱͣɢ۹ʵ޼ڰ֮ɱͷϢλλ˵СϢһɢ۹ŵɧңһѷԸˣзҥټûɧƽϢ
µ۹߾ϣһһŮһǰһǻçСϡеʮӢһͷīɫͷ𣬵һȴ˺˪һ㣬ӹɢһɱϢƺдĸ֣
Ůһ߼ۣͷŰɫǰ
һɫƵĶߴӲݴд˳ֻǸոðͷһѶϳءÿһض
˿̻عͷҲͣ˽Ų岽֮ңӾʼվ󱣳롣
࣬ǰһСϪЪϢһٸ·ɡ˿˵ЩΡԴһ֮󣬱Ī峤һλһλ֮һһƸΪĸԸ²ܴ˹ơɴһ峤뼸ϵǿҷԣȴǼ֣ⷽȴ壬˸Ƶط룬Ȼ˴˵ԼĸҲһ峤ƭ˵λӲǱдˡ
˿̶Դʮָж֪һжΪԼһܹһʮָмӦƺΪ峤ģȴ峤Ȩֱ֣ŤȻƺΪ̸̣˺üΣʼ̸öֱ
ͷӦСϪ߼𣬴˶ֻðƤϴ㿾
˿̳¶Щ㶵ؿתŵĻ⡣ǴܶĻͻȻӳһǴŻЦĿһĵһμ棬ƺǺܾúܾǰˣƺաǵõʱҲڿ⣬һ࣬ȻƭԼ˵ĩҲ˿̣̫ɶˡ
ţǲ¶һ˿΢Ц
˿ɵɵ΢Ц类һ°ʹ֪ǰŮΪ˶ЦǸһҲ޷Խˡ
֪ɣ֪ˣסֲ֦ΪԼޣһѵѾˡˣѵľҪԼλãλþվһĬĬػضͣԼߡ
ʼŨɫҲ˽ơȡһֻݸ˿̣ԹԵһֻ
ʱͻȻһǿҵħһǻǵصǻһξ룬ǻмŻȵϢǡ
֮һŻɢĿ
Զһħ޵ĽŮĽһضɽҡշ¡˿̻ӳһ磬Щ޴ɫĽϡ
һͷB½׻ʨӴ˳ʯҵֱУȻ˵ûҵλ˿̵λüٱ˹
ɷһкһâһ˲䴩͸˻ʨĺѪʨصˤ˵ϣҲá
ʱзӶӰ˿̵ǰ䣬ħ۵ľɫŮŻϵһŹۡǿ˿ŵĻʨſʼ˿̡
Բʨ˰ɡǴ۵ŮǰһǸ΢һ崺⡣
û£Ҳǹ̻ļ𣿡˿̿ŮļۣøС
ǰҲǰĴʥŮ˿ֻ̣϶ˡŮǳǳЦǵĻͺˡ
˿ЦЦô֪Ҳǣ
⻹˭֪ʥŮ˿һܴѪɫ̥ǣˡһλŻϵħۣһͷͷŮ˵
˿⻬˿ЦЦոϸشͿСһЩŮ徣ҿǷӶʵٶﵽ˴ħʦľ硣ǴŲµŻͷĻϵħʦݣΪͷ췢̫ĿˣӦǻϵħʦ˹ŮŮȡ

ʶһ°ɣǼ޺ޡ޺Цҽܡ
ҽͷ
ҽȡЦ
˿ɫһ䣬Ůǻ˫ϵŮ½ﵽ˽֪ĳ̶ȴΪǰǿ¼ΪҪǣ¼еǡǡҲһ޺Ȼһˡ
˵ı飬ȶʱһʶΪ뵽Ǽ£ڵ޺ޣߣߡ
죬ǼȻȥԼҲһʼи̣ں˵Ŀġ
ȵȣߡ˿̻
ȴһ޺Ҫ
ʱһŮǰ֪λŮһλһŮˣһλһãҲһЩȴģ̣С
ŮʱԭأʲộʲôС㣿
ι˭ءŭСɻûء
ǽ㡣۾ȴ޺ޡ
˿˹ѾµʲôǣǸԲǲҪᣬֻе㾪ȣȻܹһҪŮˡ
˿̽һ޺޾϶Ƕˡ
ҽ˿̣λһࡣ˿΢죬û뵽һŮˣҲԼҽˡ
˿̣ŮȻΪֵı޺֪˿һ׵ģԭһȦԼˡ
ģϵ̥ϴһʱ֪ôûˡ˿֪ʲôǽ͵СһΣǸݵĹȱС
һͻȻǰЩߵС㡣


438 ʥִ


罬ϴһûƲڵ̫Եʮҫۡ
һȺƽĺʳʹⷽȻʱ̨ϵľϣŴ󺣵˫ɢûн࣬ʱϲʱʹ࣬˼ڻ
һϣ˿̨ϵֻͷ˿ɳϷСΣһ̾õѾȶˣѾ޼ȥʵƽҪʱˡ
һߵɳһͷ£һţԺﲻǸϤе˶ſɲ٣ǰ˼⡣ƺڰ̻᲻ƹ̻ᣬ½ϻĸʵ̲ˮ
鱨Ĵ½ҪҲҲϵѡŮħڵĿǱĿ
룬һˣת˼ͲŮһ飬û
̻ʥִӦþͿ쵽˰ɣ֪Ǹݰܷ¡һֹ߼޻ĺûЧģֻҪ̻ǾͺðˡһʣݰˣǸصŮӣҲ˵֮Ķ־ˡ
ţһСͻȻһϣĻС
ѾͷСõԵĺòãһظͷ˿ɫ㷢СѾͷһǴθģ쿪ʼͺһСࡣǸСһ
һĻҡҡͷȡһϵů§Խˡ
ȥɺòããһĻ
áһԥصͷε̨ϡ
¶ǳȥɢɢİɡһָµ
»ع񣬱һǿ΢ЦҲȥȥɡ
һҲǿ֪Ҫһ˾һϢŵ§η˿С
ཡཡһ췢һصֻܿۼ˹
ѾͷǳȥòãһЦ
šεͷҰһĨɫʡ
ϴһ㣬վںıϣӭźˮǰǷһĿС
죬㡣ͻȻһӭźХĺһ
̧ͷһʵڸʲô
йҲԣſֱۣӭź磬еƴĺ⺣ޱ޼ʣûõءһι
ԥһ£ɿ˽§һС֡˫ۣ֪һΣյġ
ǣᣬᡭһ
ƺǸоˬ죬ֻͣͣþȫŴ˼ߺᡣ
ʱκŴĨȥϵˮһü֮ɢȥࡣ
ûôѹо˺ܶࡣ¶һ˿΢ЦһĿм
һЦεСԴӱ񳤲СѾͷƬӣʵﲢϿЩú壬Ⱥܶ˶Ҫס
ԺҺͽֻˣɲܶǡͷ˵СץסһĴ֡
ȻᡣһůĿΣ֪ʱҪʲô
ʱٶȽܱߵĺתȦƺȥˡ
һ֪д͵ĺˣǼΣ֮أ˵Ѿͷǻȥɣᵣĵġ
šεͷ
һҪͷصʱͻһŤͷȥԶðһԴһͷƵ㷢ԵøĿմһĨ΢ЦտӵƤسһգգ
һ۾ɲʱþò㹫ġ
򣬲˵Ҫȥ𣿡ʱҲתͷ˳һĿȥȴʲôҲûз֡
һЦЦкҲֻգҪڲ³Ǵһʱ䣬ǡ
˱ſٵȥתʱ˺棬ǸԶȥıӰ
үѾˣҲȥɣҪȻ̷ưҪˡŮСҲ˳˵
ԸӦһС׳ããĴ֮С

³￪ʼҥ𣬵ڴ丸һѱ˹񣬼ĺڰ̻ᣬҪ۹Ϊڰ硣
ܻҲ֪Լĺ£Ǵ³еİټ׼壬˲³ǹ̻Ϊ֤
ڲ³ǵع㳡䷢һͨߵ˵ǿԼһֱǹʵͽ˶ìͷֱָĸģȻϲ³ǵĹΪ塣
ʱߵļͻȻúڰħ³ǵ̣ϴдʽķӡѾ׶༪ˡ
ȻĹõµİմΪܾȺɿеİն϶ȷʵ丸һǱ˹
ʵһ֪һıӦıˣٱҲôɵڴ֮ͥ±¶Լġǰտɲô࣬ԶﴫǱҲˡҿʵֺϷһһûСʱѳΪ˲¹ͷĶħˣƽҲǼ°޶ʵˡ
³Ļ̻̣նϻλὫ۹Ϊڰ磬˶ת֧ģƺĵΪ˱ò˶١
һƮ߿տһеķٺЦЩɿȻ鱨Աɵġ
Ӧòʡ͵ĵƣӦûᷴİɣֻƺˡһųſǱߴŨϢ˵
ĩʱźɫ۵Ӱ˲³ǵĹ̻ᣬĩĲ³һڼ빧ӭʥִӵĵʥִӵܲһǺɫļۣųͽ䣬֮Ϊ¼롣
ʥִһˣжŮȫ۰ţͷҲû¶ǵһֻѩ׵ĻͷһôеСϻСģ
ܰʥŮôʥִӵĺ¼ˡһվұߵŮ룬ܿĳ࣬һʱ䲻ˣϵϢȻʮϤ


439 Ϣ


һŶܰƵʱ򣬶ܰУתͷ˹һ˫ޱȡƮһʱ۾¶һ˿죬ǼӶ飬һƲͷ
һûܰô÷ߺ޵еˡ
̻ʥִӲûڽ̻ܾͣãֻһǰ۹ʹ޼Լ䱳ѹһ£һҲ˹ȥԴ޼º屻³ǵĹùѹ޹֮Уκʥִĩִ֮ǰý롣
ʥִӵ¼ٻʹֵܱӭӭ֮ʡ
÷ϻˣȥ޼޹Ϊ׵һ¼벻͵شϣȴǼΪǳ˶֮ܰһŮ룬Ӧʥִӵͷˡ
ǣǣ𾴵ʥ롣ȿֺΪǿ·
һӵż޼޹ȥһʼƮƮĽ䣬뷴ĶܰǸΪ׵ĺŮ룬ҡҡͷȥ
ʱ´γһǰ
֪ˣһ£һճεСԴ
µͷĿеļ̴Ѵӱ˳ҲҪȥȥŮĶûȥݹĺܲТ
һǲᷴԣøȥһ޼޹
޹Ѿħӡɢ͵ɫâΪ׵ŮǰһеķȻӳһ׹⡣ħӡ̼ʧĺ޼޹ð˳
صĺڰϢŮ˵ٴһӣ¼ϱһȦ
¼߽޼޹棬û˸̤һ
÷ôˣļһֱӭȥӶ̬ȡһʮҪ
һˣ˵ԸһЦȴǿҲġֻעǸʵ޹֮С
ԣԣһˣǿܵһ˰ĵЦ
һ䣬Ŀһ䣬һһתͷΪһѾߵˣǾĵˡ
¡Σǲ뿴ǵظ𣿸ҽȥɡһʩһŮϣŮֳȥ
÷ɲܽȥŭ𾴵ʥǿɲġļæ
һȴڰ֣ͷҲص˽ȥʲô룬ͨͨȥɡ
һ˲޹֮СΪ׵ŮڶԵһɢŨغڰϢʬв鿴¼վ
˭ǽģܰһ˽תʵ
һ˼ϳһɢ׹âħͼ̻ʥŮħ־ǹ̻ʥŮʥִȻڽ̻ĵȼϵȴҲûȨָֻš
һ΢΢죬漴¶οЦݡһֱĵǽԼ̻ᱩͻô̻ϴԵ»ѡվڹ̻һߣȴôˣΪ³ںһ뷨·Լͬǰ˵һġ
ܰһʱһ˵Ŀʼնûпһƺֱӽ˿
ʱΪ׵Ůվת˿ֿ˿һͻȻסͷֳ
һǰһһƷ츾뾫Ůеһƴˣ׶üѩٻȲµľ£ƴһȴγһ͵ζرüǳķϼɱ
ʥ룡𾪵һ̻ڣڹ̻ᣬʥϺͿǽڹ̻ʵĴڡ
ףʥŮظףȨ쿴Ҽ飬޼ȷʵΪڰ֮ɶʥŮԼ顣
˵ÿ壬¶ڵϵ޼ʬ塣
ξһתһĻУСɪɪҲǽץһ䣬һƬ԰ס
һɨһ޼ʬ壬΢΢üͷ״ʵֲ̫ˡֻȫļѾڣҶദѿѿ֮ⷭԿǹͷѪܶѳʺɫͷǲҲ̶ãһֻǧٿ׵Ьӡ
ʡˮЩ
һ§ο޼ⱳѵҪʵˣֲ״Ǻܵ͵ĺڰ֮ɵټҲ޲
տſ£Щ̵̾һʥŮټҾ͹ˡ
²Ҫ磬ȴһסˣزѾûбҪˡ
һ͵Ĺ޼ϣڶ̶б㻯Ϊһ׹ɢеĺڰϢҲ֮ɢ
ζؿһһۣͷֽ𣬴߳޼޹
޼ҲƵһλˣϧȴԼǿɱ̾
һʩһǴȥЩء
ʱһʱǼλ赲ԼǵħʦԼ˻ʹŲ¹ڲ³ǵķֲ
¥ûţֻԵʮ壬ʱַǷûλãȴȼˣ඼ǿտյġ
ƹļһ۾һһЦݵӭ
뼸λħʦԼûСһĵʵϰȻһơ
ԭЩħʦ˵ѣƹĹ䱳Ľһ¥ݡ
˶¥ƹȻͣһ¥
һһüоЩħʦڶ¥¥һ˵ϢûУó˴¡
Ȼһ¥ƹĽһһ䣬½磬һŲμǴĽϢĿ˵ţͳһӡͲݸһͲһSһüͷһ⿪ӡͷֽչʱɫ䡣


440 


һòһƬ裬ıŰϢֱƹȵòסˣͷ亹ֱð
ΣһһֽѻΪɻҡ
ȥһƽѹ֮ƹظ˳ȥаǲǳˣҪȻôһҪ˵ı顣
һһƨɳϣüĵľתͣƽ
ǵľѾֹˣżʵսɰתԡ
ƾŹŰ壬ŭɨսĺüӹҲѱս޿κΡ
ĩüգƼת£ŭŵһЩжҲսǰ֪ʧءܾݵ㱻ƽˣоͰӪ¥˳ƮѩѾͷʬ֮⣬ȫ
սʦеֶΡһɷĳһӲЦݣƿӿֻһߵȫ÷顣
һڶ¥ʱ׵ĳȻɾ࣬¹ʽ΢Цֱƿһţͷʮħʦмġ
ү˶վһк
һͷһȦʮħʦϵУԴﵽ˴ħʦľ磬۹кܸе
ʮλħʦҽһ£Ϊ׵Ϊ˹۹³ǿзŵһӳ
۹ң˵Уһжģȥ۹ΪʱԶӡһӣһȺʹĵ
үǶ֪үûа취ȣ۹ĺ󱸱˲³ǸĳУȫ߿飬ʱ˽ңǺ롣˹ضһⷬͿԿ˵ĴֹԶˡ
취ûУҲҪǰæˡһ˵
ֻҪܹȵ۹˹Ҳϧ˹Щ
ǵɲأڲ³ǵľӷ۶꣬𾴵ħʦӵӦòɡһзһ˿⣬ʵ
ز˵˹ڲ³ǵľС˵ϼ仰˹
Ǿͺãһ⣬Ϊ۹˭ϻλõأһʵ
һ¶Ĭˣ޼еӶǷǽ࣬˵λ¹˶õ۹С
ʱһϵħʦͻȻðһ䣺ŮӿʵۡҾ¹õѡ˻һ˻Ȼ
һЦȴǲʾ˰λ˵ûд˭涨ŮӲʵأһʵۣŮֻҪܹõ۹ǿǺûʵۡ
һػ֮һӷӦ˼ƺµϵλôܣû˵½Ůʵ۵ġ
ǸҪūˣŮʵۣһܲʲôƽ˵һ䡣
˶ʱѻȸǰҪˣĻܵŻʵŮͳĻʼѪ
ҽܡ˹һ˵֮Ҳ׷׸ϡ
ܺãǽ֤½һλŮʵĵǽǵһŮʹһЦ˵
˱һĻһɿʼ룬ңλֶǷϲģµλûпܡ
үӦô˹һʱ׼ס˹վظǧһħۺǣҪΪһλսʿˡ
ʵܼ򵥣šһ΢Цſʼڻˣ֮ҪԵһɲװ

ħʦ㷹֮һ¾¥Ѱ˼ʥ뿭̸һ̸Թ̻᲻мڹˣȴı䲻˹̻½еĵλ̨̻֧ػ齫ðöࡣ
ˣһתŲ³ǵĹ÷ȥ
;³ǵļԺ˴̸ḷ̌һһӰڴ̸ĺԺ˲ܳʧͬʱһĵѪɫ΢΢һ¡
һһѪɫ޸֮ʧȥ˸֪ڰϢĹЧʱȴͻȻָˣһȵǸոո֪غڰϢûǺӰʧʧϢתƷӦԼԺ֮С
ʹһһ֪ǺڰϢ˻ʹ֮УȻûжˡ
ѵǸϼһ̸ܵʲôһɻ󣬵ûȥеҪ֪Ѫɫõʲôı䡣
һſƣѪɫͼɢһȦȦĺɫƣ̽룬оһǿĺڰϢȻںڰԪռΡ
硣һʶðһеӲĽл
һȴȻһ𣬽űǿϲôСڻˡ
˿ľǸɫħƵ׺ĺԺһѹеɻ˲³ƫƧغ̲ϡ
һ磬һһѪɫȻһâһһҪ߳һԴĺӰվһǰ
ǺɢһӶҪ˳ǰһﻹԼ
ֻһߵĺɫɸǰͷͷ֮ӵĹʻײһǺһ㽫֣һͷ¶棬ɫ澹ɫػƣЩͷħϵĻơ
Ǹֲͷϳһͷһ£ձһԱһЩĤǣֻֻâ˸۾档
һԾǴ̣ԭ࣬ɢĵĹâſ񱩵ĺڰִ֮ŵǰѪľһħ١
СӣôңΪ·קˡһһϲؼϴȭ
кâ˸ѣͻȻӲʵ磬ʲôק
һһȥͣȻʶֻ൱Сӡ
磬㡣Ŀкâܴиеһ˿Ľ֮顣
һЦļ磬Ҳ㡣
ǹɲãһɳ̲ǿգżȻʵǣ˼ԶҲѧһԱߣһҲڸողʶ˵֧ȫΪûһҲûڵ
˵ľ֮䵽ʲôϵأһǿ૵
ãȻ˸еĺâ˵̫ˡ


441 ׳Ե


һңǿգͣؽһЩͼѰҵ𰸡
ղǸӰĻôȥľ̻ʲôأһǺڰ̻ڤ룬һǡ
һȻľ̵ʲôö֪ȴսĺڰйأ߶ĺڰ֮Īʲôܣ
ԽȥһľǸɧˣֻŮ˾øֻƵģҪĻ϶ѵġ
ͻȻһüͷһ£ߵȴԾ𣬺â˸۾һѪɫѷһĺ
ɣʥ뿭Ҳͷβ𣿡һٺЦҲûбҪջȥˣӦѾˡ
һ䣬ǰӰһӰһǰѽϵĺɫۻ£ȡ֮һذ׵ļۣȴͻԵ쾡¡
ɨһһԱߵǿѹȸľѣ֪ʲôĺڰʵ
⺣̲ô󣬾үǲ𣿡һ͵
統Ȼԣֻ벻żһΣҹ˯ߡܺʹŮҲһ¡һٺЦŵ٩ȴһ˿ɱ
㶯ɱյȻ͡
һĿһ̹Ȼ
Ϊڰϵﱻײ𣿡һеɱޱȵ˿̾һѳĽʱѪ岽
֪˻ʡһ˵ʦѵĽݲеɱ֮ûΣնĽݲѣԼ˾޴Ľİܲɷ֡
˵ҿԵɲ֪أ΢΢ЦЦŵҲµûϵħʡڰ棬ˮϵϵͨڰħҲûʲô˵ģ㻹񴫳ߡ̻Ҳ֪ˡ
Ŷ̻˼Ҳ֪ˣ⵹ĺ£˵ɣʲô£һ˵ȴŸͷܰߣ˹̻ʲ˹ָʹԼȴ̫һˣΪأ˶ûηXXXX
֯һԡڵڰ̻ⱣȻǹ̻Կ̻ϴεؼ֮ʧءĩָ̻ʱǹ̻ᣬֿͬڰ̻ʴ
Ҽ̻᣿Ц̫ЦҺúõңӲҪǯƣ̸һҲܾ
̻Ტǯơ̻ʱ½Ȼڣù̻κ顣յ˵Ҳ̫׽̻ʲ˹˼
£¿ûа׳Ե͡ҺסһҡҡͷЦ
ϡΪʵͽǲ˵ѵġһϵ˵
һЦǲ˵ѣյĲ˹Ͳһˣŵù̫ͻ߳
һţͳһɢ׹âľᣬݸһǽ̻ʱ¸ض㿴ʲôʱҡ
һɻؽӹᣬƮȻԶȥˡ
򿪾ᣬħԾȻϡһɨһ顣ʼȻЦԭ˹⣬ѹֲϧһдˡ
ԭ˹ڵõ˹֮ȴʲô취ܹȡ˿ħƵûʲôһƵĴУǲ˹һһ¡
޳ܣƤټһЦ˵о˹߻ħˣ⵹Ǹᣬù̻֧µ۹Ļλ
һɳ̲ŲԺһ뷨Σ֪ؾľʲôϵǸ֧ĵŮǺηʥ

߰˾£˹ȷߵһؿ۹۹ҽ߽⣬˫˲ءȻأµ۹ȴҲòȥѾǷȱʿǶøһôƴɱ
㣬ò˼°µ۹ͽڲ½ˣΪʷһơ
˹ȲԶصطѪζĵȴּòŮһ˪ꡣ


442 ʹ


ͣһͣǴǱƹȥѳΪһƬˡ˿ֹסˣü˵ǰӦһƬĩɨսʬѻѪɷ죬ʱ֮ȣѾγʬ
˷׷׵ͷرǼλŮӣ˵ʵ龰ס
һƿʼһսĲпֻôƬһƳ˲ǶսĳǶôľĶǡ
˿̽㣬˵ʱھӪ𣿡޺˿̡
սĹؼʱڣӦûڰɡ˿˵ƽˮĺЩɧ뿪ôãܲأ
Ůһ·ǰнΨĬظһѵ˵һ仰üŮ콫һ߻·ĵˣһСıĴڡ
ǰСϪϢһ°ɣȵܲˡȻһǰŸո³¶Ѿȵ޴ˡ
ŮϪˮϴϵĻҳоʱࡣ
վһԣŮ㺹ӣĺںһˣһıΣһŮߣǺӻƣ¶ʱ½ࡣ
˿̽㣬һô͸ࣿ˿̶ʵ
˿ɬЦЦˮϵеıϵܶԸһӰɡһ֮临ӵĹϵⱾһβԵ
ѹ֣ΪʲôΪֽ޺ΪС㣿˵ĳƺȽʵ
˿̱һû˵治֪˵ȵǴ񾭡
ȡ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ʱϳĬϢȻվâǱ˰ˡ
˻һŮҲ׷ײ˲ԾѸپ£ԴΧǵشһңɢϢƺǿ󣬵ЩǿȴγɰΧڰ֮ڲŷ
ԶĲݴ˼źĿǡ
Ǽӳֹħħ󣬴ҲҪС˿̱Ͼϴˡһӿ˲Ծ
Сɵؾӣݾͺˡ޺˵
ΧȦϿվ˼λħʦγһͲ
ʱΧȦʮ״ͣһλ˫Ŀ꽫˳ŨصѪɱ֮ȻʵܼŮκһִ˶ĥȴ˺ëҪ
꽫һȦзޣɫȴͻȻĿɨʱһ£ھ޺޵ʱɫһȻֲ˲۾øոձ޺޽㣬ô
޺һãȻ޺޽㣿ôûһӡ
޺޽㣬㲻ǵˣϹ󰡡Ϲű˹ȥ
ɫһû赲ϹǵʱȻϹֻСƨһȴսһôɳһʮذСܹӵеġ
޺´ű߳һͷϹϡԿǸƤСƨӰӡ
㰡Сͳôˣ޺Цʱ̫ˣ뿪ѽˣʮ꣬ȴѶʮͷˡ
ǽʵĽϹţյĽǰúóƨһ¡
϶ˮ֣˵ֻ㵱ˡʱȲϹӦһ£һ˵
ϹĿһ䣬תͷ׺ݵصȣŭڲվ޺޽ߣ仰һ㸶ۡ˫ӪǸɵľӣ˫Ӫ
ŮϹķӦһȸЩ֪룬ֻһ˵û뵽ϹķӦ͸в֮һ㡣
ǾͲǣôװȱϹɱŪЩľ
ߡϹһ޺޵޺޽㣬ýӪڣǸոץһ²ѶһӪɡ
޺˺һŪϹıýǱ𣬵쵱Ϊǿ۹ΨһһλŮƢԸΪ߰Ȼûʲô
޺޵ͷ˿һԵŵ˵С㻹˵˫ӪǸӣôҲ֪񡣡
ϹһΪʱ͢ҲٲμӣټϹʱף˶ûʲôӡ
ĩϹСϹ󹧾һ֮ԹΪǹΪһŮˡ
öȥȥӪɡ˵
ʱϹһƣʾ״̬һСϢķɢܣӰȥ٣ǱѵĿӦóɼܲ
ǿʲôʱôˡ޺޾̾
˫ӪΪǽһִĶ飬㲻뵽ǰ˫Ӫ齨ʱֻһֻƴƾȴϹһԺ˵˵һʱǳݡ
ţˣҶڲӪ޺ʵ
ϹҡҡͷڣǹһϴҴˣֻ˵ô࣬ھ»ܡ
˶ʱһʧЩй
ʱ޺ޱҪһģһ˵Ѿͷһ⣬һߺ͵͵ǹ뷴һ϶˹ȣȴǸһصʧˡ
ʱ۹߾ȫҵϢ֪˲Ǻܶࡣ
ڿܵķһ˲ŵ˫ӪӪء
ս棬͸оӪļµĳɷһŵʿվڿտļϳϣǰһĵ㽫̨һɫ۵ٻӰϣΪ̫ԶЩģȴڲ½ľ˲֪˲ǱΪʹıһսɳϽֹסΪʷϼǧѳһľţñ֮죬֮ѪټһɰĻòɾһĴ档


443 ξеԤ


͸صǽ˿һ˿˵㽫̨Ŀյ¹żŰ߲Ѫµİµ۹ʿǵ˫˫ŽԱϻӳϵ
ǰµ۹ķ²𵽵ʲô૵
ϹٺЦЦɢѪĹâܸʲôȻǼҿ۹ɳꡣ
Ѿ޷֮ˣﻹҪɱǣ޺޲̵˵
ɱѲǲɣǰµ۹һӢӪںɱƹĸѪȣǼɱǵ𣿡ϹߵΪпսľͨʱˣԵø롣
ðµ۹ǮǣǰҲô𣿡˵
Ǯǵǵ˫Ӫһֵͬͬ⣬ΪΧǣ˫ӪһٶֵΨһ³Ϲ˵˭뵽ıһʮϡ
ŮԾЩŤǾӣҲûиıȨվһߣӿϹʱһĨ͡
ʱվڵ㽫̨ϵı֣㽫̨·˫Ӫ־еǼŵİʿΪһʿսɳľ򡣵ǵǰּȵĿ־޷ӡ
Ȼֻȥȳ˼ŵİʿĲҽڶûһϢѪζڿ
˿̼Ůɫ԰ףرȣ޺ޣŮɱħޡȴĩɱ˰ɱħɱ˿űʵ
ǵͷͨͨ¡˴Űǰһ˿Ļﴫһӵ˳䣬ٿͷ«ڵϷ
ŻƽΪ𱩵ȴһܲ˵ĸŻֳһӶٿ
΢΢ͷ˹ŵһ㣬ƮƮؽ˿̼ŮǰһҷϹͬϵѪɱġû˻뵽ôһƯŮӻսн˺պĵʹ˫Ӫɱµ۹ͬµ۹Ŷֶĩһܡ
𾲾վšżŮ΢΢Щ飬ԳЦЦںĵͬžηЩͨͨںΪһֻΪһˣҪһؽɽ

³ǣ꣬Х̨ڳŰըף߰㻮ʡ
ΪһغسУ̨粢ʲôϡ飬еĽз̨ƣ˵ú·ݵ֮鷢
۹ϵĻʹĺһһ󣬽˻ŴžĴ̨ϴζ졣
Ȼһ˫üĵʶ˼£ϵϵƿʼ죬ֱһͷʹѡ
һǲس鴤˼£ԼʶҲǿ籩磬ҧ⿪һһС˵ķۣЩشӴ¡
ҪȥһůĻ±ѹʵ˫ʵ
һǿʶеıѵʹУƽû£ȥϸ
ʱһȴƲסֳɫĵ⡣
㡭һ´ֳһȥָոһ㱻õ˼ͷһƬԡ
һ˯Ҳˣɵ˯ۣĿȫܶһŵþһ˺һŷӦԼĽ
һתɫ׼ӽû£ǾĶȥҺܿ
˵꣬һ̨˳ȥգۼʧĻ֮С
һسǰӶȥԼûвٶж죬գۼܳ˲³ǣһĺ̲ϡ
һ˫ſӭſ籩𣬿ʹŤΣĵ⣬Եʮֿɲ
䣬һ£һͷ룬һĿȻֹϵȫΪ˷ɻҡ
ʶоȻʼתĸбϵһתƽƣϵбſ˹Ȼϵħдͬһʶڴﵽ΢ƽ⣬ʱһײȴ׹ػִײıԽһСɽΪƽأһܲʹࡣ
ļǼ壬ʶϵתøӿ٣һ˫ϥǱʶ£Ӳͦסˡ޴ĺһ˽һ˳˹һ½һûֺһȥ
˹ãһǱȥĺٴһɫâüһͷϷתͣơ
ͬʱһûٻ´ӺڰԪռֳӴɫë
𡭡ͷϵֳһȦĽ⸲ס塣
һʶ֮УƺѾƮƮƺƮ˳
ȴûüϹ죬ǳϾȻһûɫףӱʧӰ١
Ű˴ҹ̨ûԤ׵¾ȻͻȻɢһ㣬ջһ쭵ˮĻգۼ类Ӳһֹͣ˷ë
ɢȥķֿУ͸˸оˬվ˲ϴһһ㡣
ǹ£һʯ鲼ĺ̲ϣһ߳֫ŵĻ赹ڵأǺһһγϴ塣ԱһֻССɫСһĶԣʱͷǻԵһħޡ
ʱɫëһ۾ضһؿһӨӨɫӣ洫һϢ
ССһüͷ壬ʶš
ξУͬǿգһһϮµŮŮӿͷҹҵķ裬͸˫ſȥĩǡ
СڳˣԤһǶ࣬ˡһȥһҪ§С
Сһʧԭأһ
һתͷСС㲻ʶˣһ
С͸ᣬһЦЦˬҹ紵Ƕգۡ
ңԶĺ֮½֮а֮䣬ҵİˣδڹڰľͷСƮ˵ȴʼ䵭úһ͸Ӱʧǿ£ֻǰ磬һ̾


444 С˻Ǵ


СҪߡСһͽ͵ץסЩʲôһȻξоѡ
޼һ˵ϲ˲䣬Сؽ
һ˿ܣٿ˿Լ൐΢΢һβȻһ̾૵ҵδڹڰľͷСѵֻܹмΪʲôô㻹أ
һеԤԣǵڶμСԤˣȻĦؿڵԤ飬ԸоСϢ֤ǡΪС˵һҲоϢǾ֤Ѿ״ʧˡ
ãһϴӿռָͬһ·ϡʼղŷ飬ʱ˯ȴȻеʶеʧˣϵħԪص໥ײǸоһ㣬ȻЩĺ
һʶ֮УתȻɫħУϷƺûʲôı䣬ֻһʶؾЩԾ
֣ϵħôħԪصĴڡһֵĺߣߣЩǷֱǺڰħԪأħԪϵħԪءʩħʱֲͬħԪؿ໥ϡʶıԴħֻǴģû˵λ˫ϵϵħʦرԴħ໥ںϵġ
һһӣüĵϵԴħֳڰٿȻ֣ݺɨʯ̲ϣֻһȫΪ˷ɻңֻĽӡǡ
һǰϸϸ鿴ԴǽиоϵħԪأȻϵΪָ˺ڰĸʴϵıħϵħƺá
һϲѡ̧ͷ˿췱ǣȻ󽫿һŲ³Ƿȥ
̨Ĳ³ǳʪһƬֵʮǽ壬ǱɢżܿŮ˵¿㱻ƮӦ̨Ϯʱĩü
һҹڲ³ϿƮľ̵ش̸ʱ͡˼ƮȻںԺСʸ
ľ̵Ĺ뷿һƬƺѾ˯ˡ
һ΢΢һ̡ҲϢ֪ľֻ׺һħоʲôľ֪ˡȴȻûжĪϴһԼȥɻ
һˣһЩɧŶﴫ㣬֬۵ζҲڲס˶Ƕص㡣
ϾȻ£ľ̴ʱԸеСС齶ߣһһ󼤶ӹɢŮ˶ӹɵء
ϰ˻ӭӡһЦڴ˵
Σͷһ㶯ûУһüͷһ壬ȻƿᣣȴͷһˣһģȻľѲڣֻһֵǣⱻϾȻԸоϲеľ񲨶Һľϵľ񲨶һµء
֣춼Сɧȥأһ૵ľ̵Ĵϣ㣬ѸתͷӴԽ࣬ϵԽŨǿ͸
ʱһüͷһʱϵϢȫ䡣ոΪ͵Ժ˼Ϊ˴ţӾӦӦǸŮˣ̬ľƣ̸Ĺ
֨ѽһűƿħ֮һ͸ᣵķ϶ȥһ
һӹݻŮˣüĿ͸һĹǽķ۴ԸжԵñ䣬еи߸ϵĽһŮ顣ֻͨһŮǰԵü˲ţһԲλĸо
ӣôѵһ𾪡
̣װ˯ˣ֪𣿡ԹԵױ̨ǰһһ߳
һȻľֻʲôϵЩͿˣϴμֿӺøƵģЩͷתˡ
֣ڤ𣿡ͷϵϾȡ£һͷƵ㷢ʱ˳ɢ˵ķ飬ֱһð⣬߹һֻŮҲĵ˲䡣
ʱվһʼǰϵ
һͷһĿⷢȻӱȴԴӾп棬Ǹͦظĺô󰡣ߴӦúľ̲ɡ
ӽϵɿ½߻ȥ¶͸ĺɴ£ÿҲ֪˷ӡ
ȻǺɫģ꾫Ǳʡһ૵·ȥ
½󳯺䣬Բ绺¶˳㷢ϣԵʮˡ
ֻһ룬ͻȻ΢΢һ£˹ؽ´ãתͷŴ󴲵ûУ뿴ʲôʱ򣿡
Ȼˣ̫ϧˣһƿᣴӴٺЦҲˣһҪʲô
ӺһʵΪʲô
仰ӦŶ԰ɣõķ䣬ʲôŶþһڰô죿һӡ
˿رܣ׽͸ûлشһ⣬ʵľ
һʼ磬ô֪µģȴڣɨˡ
ӵһһۣһðɣҾͲˡ
û˵꣬ӱ׹һʧӰ٣ͽ㸡
һЦݣ˼ױ̨ǰɨһ飬ֽЩ֬۴ᣬͬһӵֽȻͬζ
һվľǳ¹ֻ˸ҲǷΪַһľ̳ԸϵУһ־Ӵĸ߹ϵУкȻƻɫߵ˿ۡ
˿ŮסһˣϵȻõֵز˵ʲôϵأѲǽãӿԼеϤĸоŮر𣬳ȻǧϿȴ̫
ľ̰ḷ̌㵽ʲôأһ૵
ʱһǽڿһ£ȻϢ߻
ô˼ҷ͵ɡľ̼һһ£漴߳ЦʵǽԶ£ˡ
˵أһĺҪġ
ľЦͻȻʵ͵㵽ûеóأռС˻Ǵˣ


445 ҲҶ


˵ʲôһٺЦ
װ⣬мëҶ˵ռٱˣľһЦߵһǰֱۣ¡
һ󺹣ⲻ̫ƽмë㶼ôһ֪мëѹ
ľĿһצһۣ㲻˵ˣˣǲǸûȥˡ
һЦЦ˿ľ̳ǽڣʵʲôϵ
ľӿһĿϸ˸ÿ˶Լܣ㲻ͬˣһӦøˣҲ˵ġ
һḷ̌ȻһЦǰÿ˶ԼܣȻľйλĩԼһŮˣôץסġ
㵽׻زȥҿҪϴ˯ˡľ̸оһ⣬ȻһЦ۾һգ£ڹˡ
ϴ裿ǸãһΣһٺЦֱһƣľ̵СȦס
һһ㰡ľ̺촽ĵõˮǰҲơ
һһһѽḻ̌ԡҡ
ҶѸ٣ԡӵţǽϵħԡܵʪ͸
һָ㽫ľ̵¿ȥֻʪ͸˵ش¡ڱ͸ԵʣټĴ̼ľǰ̺㼤͹ɷˡͬİɫСڿ㣬͸˫ȼһԺӰ֣Ϫȵ̬յα¶
һͷʪ͸Ǽ͹ͷҧһ¡̧ͷЦľ̡
ЦʲôᡣľһͦصСֵһѡ
ӻ᲻ã߹󲻿¡ͷȴźɫȤ£һһɧŮˡ㿴ôˣƫƫɫǾ䣬Ӵһ˵꣬Сֵصľһס
˵ûռˣʲô¶㿴ˡ㻹˵߹󲻿¡ʶҾͿŪˣľŭһشĲͿ
һĵˣ˵߹ʵɧŮˡȻˣ֪ġ
ľɿ֣Щ硣
ôˣһľЩʵ
ʲôôˣᣬո˼ҵĸоͣˡľ̻ع§סһĲӱȥ
һǲʧһ㽫ľ̷ƿԡħǰ
ʲôľ̻عͷһһۡ
Ȼ㣬Сƨɾһľ̵طģԲԡ
ľ˿ƫϵıǺߴӣؽβ߸ҧ´Ҫɿɣ˭㰡
һһͣһƬִȥ
ȻɷһľӵƮԡͰ´棬쾡µػø߳Ͼþòɢ
һʶľǻͦε飬۾£кܶ鶼ףҲ֪𰸾ڻ˶һÿ˶ԼܾͽеĻȫ˺
ǲ뽫·λľͻȻĳ˵
һ˫Ȼһ⣬ŮˣҲܱµ
ңôһͲ㲻ģµ۹һ۹ټ֣¾ȫżˡľ˵
뷨۹ˮúܣһ㣬һӣй̻ڰ̻ˮ룬Ҿ뷨Ҳܴɡһľͦͷһ
ľһʹҿ԰㡣
һһɻң
֮ǰǾ͸˵ģ˵һһ֮ľ̲
Ϊʲôһüһ֧һ֧䣬ľаʲôɫأ
ҺҲҶһѡľԡͰ﷭תһָסһ°͡
һƲƲ죬ץľ̵ͷһ£ЦģΪʲôģȷ˵
˵óȻõƺˣ˿ɲҰľЦţζ
㣬ҡһЦ
㺦°˵Ҫһءľ̿Ц
һ˿͸ɫûڵὫľƿԡͰ¡
ľȻؿԡͰһ£˭˵ֻпŮܣŮ˵Լ˴ͬһܡ
ˡһľһǡ
ľ촽ղһһӰʧԡڣƵãͻȻЦŻˮϽ𣬿ŸɫĻžӨˮƮ䣬ʮֹ졣
һ̨µ޹ûüվȣĽͶĻ
û°ɡ̧ͷ˫ᣬһʲô¡
ҺͽˣҾ֪һûµġζȦ˵˵
һЩΣ֮Ӧûģ֪Ůᵣġ
û£õġһŮԴ
δһǷһٵҶû˯ã㱧˯һ
һɳϣļϡ
ˣҺֻˣһġ૵һΨһľ֧
ģѵ֪ǧּƷôġһЦҪ嵭е˸С
ЦһԼ˵Լǻģ˵ôֱ׳
һЩʮˣʵ뻵˲ûԵĻֽޣܶ˶ֻΪ棬֪֮УҪȥҲʮֲ׵ġһ˵
µͷͻȻʵһǸôأ
һһڽԼ뷨ȷ˵Ĵ㣬۹λʮа˾Ż䵽ż
³Ĭãʼ˵ֻҪǷҪģ¾ȥ
һЩ̣۹Ͼʵģ۹ĹһǿҵĹУֱӸλΪ˿һ᲻Եú顣
һ뷨ЦŴһһ£ǲԤıˣʱǵЭǳҵ֮⣬ҵһжУŮʵۣҰЭҲǹС
һ˵ЩʲôȴָͷĴϣؽ黳ĸԸģ۹㣬õ۹Ҹ


446 ӡ


߰˾Ѯ۹߾ϮȻ۹߷׼ڱġֵԵӡһ룬ҵս֮ܣ˲ء
ֱ룬ɱ޶ͬʱ۹ĵ̣ĵ۹ˮ֮Уǧĵ۹ҡҡ׹
ʧ³ǣĻ̻̣ȰλʱֱԾȣȵ۹Σ֮УȨѬĵλȴǲܲˣִؽеľڲ³⼸УǶŲԷһһڳʱͻȻѣ⡣
̸һˮһݻİڣӵϢһֱ˴Ķ¿ٷҲ޲ʱ۹ŵ֪ʵ϶սõľƽһ
ʱű죬ľŶһһߣЦʵ⸱𣿡
֪ʣ̬չزٲҿҪˡһû˵ġڱʧҪȻ޷۹
ʲôʱĩͽ˻һλ˵۹ܲܽܣһЩ˻ὫìͷֱӶ׼㣬ܲɡľ°͵һļϣǰһֱۡ
֪λ˵ЩڰˣʰڵľѾٵȥˣһ˹ȵžĸ֮ǰŬȫҪˮˡ˵ܲ𣿡һ§סľ̵̾
ľ̿Цˡˣ˵;ʳԡ֮ǰΪʱĩϲĵìܼӾ磬ֻҪںɿɿ𲻾ˡ
һǰһľ̵뷨ٺЦʱһͻҾ֮нԷǳùĹˣһ顣֮ǰҵ׼һľ̵ĿԶ
Ӵ̸һֱȥ˲³ǵعãҲʥ뿭˵һˣֻҪһλǹּ⡣ͻ࣬ϰһʱ޷ʷϵһŮʣҲᷴɲɹӰ졣
ֵңﲻϵعڽôǹܵǰӹҼҿȥ
һãǰһƫҲйĵǽڲԱ֮ء
һͨһʥ뿭յģ뻹ˣԽ֪Խã˴˵ȥӶ뵽ʲô
˴þǽõڲԺﶼйʿػʵǿһ˵ȴ⡣
ܿʿһ˹õƫŲûйأ澲ĵأһһϮɫ۵Ӱ˫ֺʮعڹ·ϣһһֿؾ硣
ǿܰôֻѾͷһˣһվſԥҪҪȥ򶫷̬ܰʵ̫ˣǰʥִӶҥе飬ҲнӴӶӱӣҲм˵һ仰
ʱһѲĹʿһ˹һȻվƱر֡ûԥһ̧̤룬һһ˶ܰ
ܰŵ˫ȻһӰϣŤͷڱ⣬ЩһĿֻǸߴӰֱֱվţ͵ѹȸС
࿪ܰſ߾Ȼһ˫ֱ̧ͷŹĵﾹȻһ˿м̵ġ
ʲôܰ˿ŭһ
ƺܲ뿴һʣܰı̫ˡ
࿴һ붼ҵ۾а˹òӭ㣬ȥܰһı鲻װġ
һüĵصа񣬵㲻ӭȻ˻ӭĻЩ̫ףΪʥʥŮȻޱʥˣҺɻʱ˭ҵĹʥ񡣡
ܰתͷĵ񣬵Ʊڹ̻ᣬ㲻ӵ
һٺЦҲԣаôӵйأ֮ǰҲ֪˭׷а˵Ҫ޸ҡ
ܰҧ´߳ŭǰˣǰһִҲħҿ̻ʱҡ
һʱѾһЩζԼӦǱ̻ʲ˹ֽţȷ˵ӦǱϴˣϼһﵱʱӦû뵽ԼʱɡҲԼҲǻ£벻õΪǿҵռˡ
㵽׳ȥȥҪˡܰ
ңҲ磬ǶԱ̬𣿡һü˵
磿Ϊıе߳ܣˣԴҡ㣬ʲôܰ˵ĻһͣһΣյذ۾ϵЦʮֲãȴĪĸеĺ
ʲô㲻˵𣿵ȻһЩŻ顣һЦ˵ּһǿĽ硣
ܰһƬ԰ףͳȣϷһӨӨĹâ֪һԼԶĶ֡
˵ڹƤ£᲻оȽϴ̼أһµĹٺЦ
ܰһһһڹĵǰȥˡ
̻ʱ²Źġܰɫ
̻ʲ˹˵һ仰ԹԵؽšһЦǲ˹ֻǸӰˣһķӣǺڰ̻ҲһΪƾһƱܳΡ
˵㡭ܰûָһ˵
һǰƽͻȻϮ򶫷ܰȻֻҪѣ˭˵Ļʵ
ܰһһӡĻնɷʱƷһϵȦϡ
һһǻնͿҪʱȴ৵һɢȥˣֻ¼˿ȵİɢȥһ붫ܰϵϵڲʧӰ١
㾹Ȼﵽħʦľ硣ܰŵ
֪ͺãԹԹԾͷɡһаЦűƽħצ
ܰһͻȻƵĳŻֳһץȥʧȥħħʦͬĶߣȫԺԲơ
һû뵽ܰôķӦֻѣͲʱĶܰȴҰèһץӣһ˺Ҳ̫
ڴʱֻ˻һܰһС۵˺һƬ
˰ˣһ˿ˣֻֿϧһ·Ƕð·õòˡ
ʱܰȴһ¶Сֱۣӡ


447 Ѫһҹ


һ˳ŶܰĿ⿴˿ԼֱۣЦЦӡֻСҰèµģһֻҧһڣһֻҧڣҧÿ湻ݰڻû
ܰ΢΢һĨΣܿ㱻԰ȡǵõģӡԼµģǻʹٰһι͢ҹ֮ĻģԼ
亹ӶܰĶͷð˫ְס̫Ѩʹ࣬ƴҡͷҪһЩͻȻðĸ˦ȥ
ӡػǰ飬ҷһֽмʵĸоֻΪӡһ
ܰôˣһöܰӲһǰҪס
ңǶħܰƵĺһһ˹ĵǰŹ䣬ʼðħѹȥǵģֻħѣ̻ʲ˹ô˵ġ
һҡҡͷ˿ڵĶܰһۣȻһſȥʥ뿭
˹õ¥վħ⣬Žù㳡ǰǣһվߡ
ռ룬ұǱ˹ֽŰɡһ˵
̾һ˵û̻ҲΪãִ̫ħǴɡ
ѵΪƶܰ߹Ƶ飿һüһ˿Цݡ
ƵҲ֪ǽ̻ΪⲻȻŮ̻ȴ缺˵
ִ̫ռѵͽеִȫ𣿡һЦſա
΢΢ɫѾôˣһɢ֮档
벻Ľݲͷһˣ̻ʥ뵱һʹ̻ĽŮ˾͸ɵƵġһȴܡԹԵ˵
˵Щʲô鲢ճ
һٷʡ
ǡոҪڣ̱㷴ӦҪЩ˽£ԼдǿȻǣűߡ
ʲô㲻֪ʲôյʵ
ûڿһЩϧҲûȥϾĽݲ˽£̽ô
˹ҿһ£ͬ⡣һҪҪ̻ȫ֧λһֱ˵ؿڵ

³ǿʼĵۡ
ҿ¹ŮʾҪӺõö࣬ǹ̻ʥŮйػӡڣΧһۡ
Ǿǣ۹Ӹģûʵ۶ˣҪ˻ʵǻˡһΪȻ
̸ǣǴӾģȻͶһ˹һɢۣѸдһ㲦˶λҪġֵҪõöࡣ
۹ľƼ񻯣ʮȻѣռ۹֮رصĲ³ܱУط˼ս죬ŰؾӶẉ̂ƽõؾѾʷĴʡ
߰˾³ȫ¶ƽ͵ز³Ҳʮȣʮַ
һҹеİջ˯ʱձǹ뺰ƻ£һͬʱԶԷϮ³Ǽܱ߶һƬңѪ⺣ɫĳȾʺ졣
еĽʿţΪ۹Ľɱٻڵǡ³ǳǽһˣ䴩һվϣħ󴫵Զ
Ŀôԣħ׷׳ǵغȥ
ɫһ䣬˫Щ򶶣ЩħʸԶһǿ׷׹󣬲ţŵسųǽһͷĽ˵ⷽʿ
ʱ³ǵĳǽ˭ǽ£˭Ӯʤǽϳǽȫˣ֮
ӣҲȥɣһᱣ֤İȫġӵ˵
ļ˲ҵ˺ɱŵȫ˵Ȯӣ޼Ӣһȴ֡
ĿԷʿȨѬģӵı֤˳ǽһ󺰵ʿǡ
ĵĲҽħ󴫱ҵĲ³ǣʿɵˣֻüĲһֻҡεѪӴ£Ⱦͨ졣
ͻȻһϮıֱֱȥ
ˣ˭ļ͡˰βſҵЦ۹ˡ
һľӼͷһغ㶷־ȫޣɱýڽںˡ
ǻͶӼ˷ܵĴУֻ˳ͷ֮ա
ʱһͨĵӪ˳ǽϵ䡣
䲻мڹˣЩ˾żħοЩͼħأħٽӽȴȻܣֻǰļײ˽ϻΪĽĻǣЦ
ֻЦݸ𣬽ȴͻȻһˣһͻȻ٣ûӦȻ䴩
ô䲻ţһԺʧȥʶֵֻǱϵһӣЦȴΪԼˡ
ֳһƬţеʿԭأֳ˷ë
Ӷˣô죿
˵ã¹Ůʡʱһͻأش
γѣһЩѾ֮ǰǷΪ۸˶һʾλȻȥƺҵС
ëֵܶһˣȫ˹һڵλߵħʦŴߺȡ
ĳҫѪĳУԵĴĿ
ʿǿʼĬĬսĽʿʬ壬ЩûйٵɳȴԼ˵Уɱ̾
գԼɱԼˣʲô¡һʿ̲סеıһֿڡ
һƮڸ߿գѪȾĳУ̾һˣֻǴȴ̫ˣڲ³ǵľʮһ˺ɱȴһˣֻϣѪϴĲ³ǻӻԻͰɡ


448 


ѪһѪζĲ³ǡ˳ڵİϴУĺɫлָԭѪȵζȴǾþòɢ
һں˷ڵ±ϣŴ
ʲôأһ𣬴һϤ㡣
սҪʲôʱŻһûлͷֻĻ֪ľɧˡ
ʲôʱҲñˣɲ̫ķ񡣡ľһЦ
һԳһЦ۶ôǿʱ򣬼ѪȵѪȵʱ򡣡
ľ̾һĵһ߿˿ֻסͷʵϡ
һľа㷢֪Ů˶еůοżȻй¶㯡
̣˵֮ĶԼ㲻ӮˣһͻȻЦʵ
ţӮˣҲˡľһв˲䣬ݵظűҧһʵؼ
ô˵һüʵľ̵ıϺݺһ¡
ľһ̧ͷһһۣЦӮΪȷʵɵΪϰȻΪҡΪӴԺҾˡ͵ſްɡ
˻棬ôأӮһˣһһˡһЦ
Բ˵ˣſɲôܵġ˵ʲôʱһڱôһ¡ľЦһͱӵĶ
ôأҿɲѡҪһЦ䲻ɫȴֱģľŮ˳Ǹ̫ټʵʵ׽͸ҪԼͱӵػǿǷʤ
ԣüҶġľЦһ
ǾͶİɣעʲôһʼʵ
ľѿڶգҲգضһ
һһ𣬻ľ̡ڿмײĽĩʱľͻȻЦʵظͣزһֱۣЦҿЦġų
ɲҪңСĸڻֱͨͨءһٺЦ
ˣҲûˣҿɻҪءľͻȻ˵ˡ˹Ѿͻ˵ڶߡ۹ѾĲȣ׼ɣһ֮ڹһߡ¾λûȨҲһѹס
ľ˵꣬һʧһǰ
һЦһ˿⣬ȻҪǾɡ󵽵˭Ӯ˭䣿
ľ˵Ļһ˿ľӵе鱨ǰȵڶ߱ƵϢҲյûáľ̷úܶԣһ֮ڹһߡ۹žԻһɢɳϾǵĹҷôش顣ǵѻĩôܰǰƴɱأ
һ£ôأһ૵˹ȹߣһǿģ壬ôҲһ֮ڹơ
ͻȻһ嶨һ£Ժֳһ⣬һԼԴЦؾ壬ôЩóڵصصļһˣǹ˵˹͹ˡ
ʥħѧԺðմȥħɭ֣Ūһֻ룬ĵؾ嵱˻ʹߣݴʱúʱã
һ뵽˽취ȻãʱҪľǾµϵλΪʷһλŮʡ
ص۹ʹֻһС̨Ͽ󺣣гְһڴ¡
ȥˣһ˶ˡμһϲ˹ڻһŸоСѾͷ˲٣ǰһСѳ߹ģ
һ̨ľϣϲݵСƨŤŤŤŤɺһСǺأô϶ȥȻзӦˡ
ұ򴿽࣬κδѲڡһа̾оСһܿƵԽ֪ͦܵض֮أնţն
νһ̱̣٣С¹ײȻŮ֮һ֪⣬ʾ֪˽ܴĶʲô֪
ûν˲˵
һһڿˮ仰طǿҩ⻹ĩȫɵСŮ˵Ȼˣ̫аˡ
סڵ궯һеα·һԣСŮĳˣԺҪעһˡ
һ˿ʧ۾ЩһǸ߸߾
ҿʲôСѾͷƬӡһεصһۣ°ڽⲻСһס
˭ϡǴһСJJôֲûƲ
һȻʵ㿴
ȻҲ˵ϴϹʱһȥ͵һԷû·һڴϹȥǸ˵ĶɳˣҡȽСܶࡣһһɲ˵
һεĻЦã֪ǲǸССĵһ¡
ˣҸոտһںӾأŶҿεÿ졣αϾСԣ˼άȽԾûپεϡ
λ㳤ʲôһһʵ
̫ԶˣҿλͷǽɫģƯˡ˵
ɫͷûˣλ㹫úô溣ֵĶôܣǱ˷˿ɲһ顣
ʱºŮС˽ĴźܲһһĹ͢װĳĵޱȣؽ󼰼粿ɫĺ˿žͼֺͨ˿ֻ۹ĵʸʹãͷ̳˷٣͸¶һϣ˴֮Ҳʵµľࡣ
ôЩһûΪ㣿һµӯӯһյСɳϡ
ôҵİ취ʩһвȣѾ֪ôˣ¿һļϣЩƣȻ˵ףЩڹٳϻ켣˶Ƕһɵ顣
ǾͺãڻЩҵоˣڵľǿƣҪʱ̿ɱһӰ١һµ磬Щ䣬ʱ˿̣κ˵סǰĵ·


449 ħ


̸һСڣһȫںɫħеŵϳ۵Զ
ǼѰҪˣҲףλʲôô˵Щ̶Ȼʮֲ
㲻ףд㣬ʵǽ̻ʱɡӵ˵
ߣһΣԺǺڰ̻ҲǷʲôѹסŭ뿪
ȵȣ˳ٴǽ̻һ仰סӣʲôڵ顣ӵ˵
˶٣ͷҲصҡ
ǹһĨ΢Цϰ׹һҲ漴ʧ

мռ佫¼ǻΪʷϵһŮʵ۲ݣ֧ȻҲ˷ԡ
ڲ½ŮλĲƽؾԼȨ߶³Ϊ۹ͳ߱ʾǿҵķԣвӸλĴ󳼼壬оеĲֽ졣
ǣʵ˵һİѸٿס۹ľȨȻĩʽλѾʼʹȨֶѹһЩ۾ֹҵĴ󳼺͹壬ʰ۹ˮ֮С֣ң֮ǵɴƽң壬Ҫ侮ʯҵʹۣ֤ǧ۹ǲݴġ
˻ʰ񵽴ռнŷӦʱӦӦõŮʵʱ򣬶Լͬˮ֮С
ʱ̻ʻʥ뿭˹ּ⡣ʾܵ˵ˣΪ˵Ĺ̻ʲ˹ڽǰ³Ϊ¼ΪʷϵһλŮʡ
ʥⷬһԵʱС࣬˶ǹͽȻָΪŮˣǻʲô÷Եء
ֵˣµС࣬ʹۻȨҲΥ鷢ˡɱǰȫƽϢҡ
㣬ðϾҪΪʵˡ˷ܵرµĸ첲Ц
ôϲʵôҪø°Լһۡ
ҲŲҪʵأиʵ۵ؽͺܸˡôҡҸʲô㶼ᷴˡЦԭľ⡣
㻹޷ˡҹܲͽ㡣õ
ο˿ɳŹƵһͻȻ΢΢һ£ѹ㡣ѽһɡ
˫̽شãŷѾ15ˣѰ˼ٹһ͵üˡ
ò㣬ҾͿֱ׳Ľнȥ棬ҹ԰ᶫҴҴܣҪҿÿ챧˯˵һ䣬λƵ¿˿
ڲҲ챧˯𣿡ºЦڣкЩûкһˡ
С˵ˣ˵Ҳܺһ˯Ҳһ룬ǲͺˡ˵ȥҪĿġ
ЦЦϲػǲˡ
αıسһСֶһľƱգްĴ۾ʵϲϲΣ
ϲһղõضԻһֲ©˽ȥ
򣬽򡭡ʹ޵󷨣һĴŤ塣
ˣһһһС򣬲ҪٹˣҺױġ
ʱС˽ʥ뿭ռ۹ʥŮܰˣš
ȥһɡ˵
һԥһ±ͷҪǶܰҲڡǴʱѾͷ֪òһһԴô죿ԻѡȥȽϺá
ؿһ˷䣬ֿʼת
¼ʥ롣¼ſձһ̻ڣ֮Ŷܰͷ
ܰҲһ漴һԲҲûһΪЩ¼Լٴβħ֮Уʥȴ˵¸ԣħһӶʧˡ
ܰķӦһҲ⣬һĸ飬ȴܲǿҵռĽõģ˵Ҫл̻ˡ
̻ʱ±ᵽΪᣬ֮ǰʥŮÿյýܹΰԵϴ񡣡˵
µͷʽһǳ飬߰ʵ̫ˣ˾ͼ̸
̲ܰסƳһһۣȴȫ˼ͶµϣûעԾأ㷺˷ĸо
ʱһ뿭ս̸ţʱͷһĿӱĬһЦһжڲС
Щ˶ܰзоĴʹУǼϤİļʸС
ħֻħѡܰ۾ﰵʾԼüʶһĨ׹⽫ѹȥƺһ˲еĸ鶼ʧһ㣬ֹˮ
ܰٴ˫һܳĵǼɺԵĲûղˡ
ҳɹ𣿡ܰ૵Ӧøе˵ģȴЩˡ
ڻȥ·ϣܰ˵Լľʿգʥ룬Ľħȥ˰ɡ
ǰɣӣϲ㡣ϧܰͷϲ˵ԲԣΪ֪ǹ̻ʲ˹ʩϵطѾȫˣԺԣҲ˵ϲŭЩӵеҲӵС
޶˵أ˿̣Ǹ̻ħʦϲͬһˣߵȴˣһ˽ҪӵУһ˽򰮶֣û˭˭һжԵ컯

˹ȷߣ˿̣ȣ޺޴һ죬ԶʮǰǱʱΪ֪һȥֲץϹתϹĽʵ˫Ӫħʦֶӡ
ʶʲôսĲпᣬһɱ¾ɱ¾ĵȲݽ治磬һ죬µθᶼ˳ȴľ°µľϰˡ


450 


˿̽㣬˵ҪҪȥ³ҷأſڴ˿̣۹ֵ÷꣬Ѿ֪һʱڲ³С
˿룬ҡҡͷǲҪˣʱ³һҪְﲻʲôæ˫ӪԼһ
԰ǻ°ɣȶ紦Ǳߵһģô˱ҪֲܶһҲð޺޸͵Ҫùħ˵ʿоЩӮʿ𾴣һθеԼڵļֵ
Ȼ˿̺޺޶ͬ£ҲٷԣȻ֪ԶҲǰָǧһս£ҲܾԼһǻ˫ϵħʦѴﵽħʿĵ߷壬һֻҪһ̤ħʦľ硣λǿħʦ˫Ӫ绢ϵħǿĹɲǿЦġ
ʱ˿̣üоŲľѲֹˣȻѾ˹ȵڶߣ۹Ѿ־Ĳȵ״̬һʱòһߣǺĲ롣
д̿ͣʱ⴫һо˲䱻Χ⡣
ô£ƿųʵ
ؽһ̿ǱӪڣӦħ󣬵Ǵ̿ٶ̫ûץסֵѲױӳ
ױӳĻո˵ꡣȻһϮɳʯһƬģ
죬ױӳæϺȵĻ֪Ǵ̿ŪذϷ
кһо޽ȥԭǴ̿;Ȼ֪ӽ˴֮ڡ
һӰƮƮڱʮ֮վʱױӷ׷׳˽
ǳȥɡûж⡣Ǵ̿ȫһɫ֡ᣬӦһŮɡ
ƾʲô㣿𵭵˵
ƾ֪ɲԣ̿ʹһֻ۵С֣Сһεơ
黺һЩ˸ױ˳ȥõֻ鱨ĸ߲ӵС
֪к棿ʵ
ʮӺɽµ۹߾ӦƵǺ󷽽млӰȻ˵
һ𡣴йŵľµͼһɨһ亹Ƶĺ󷽰˽ӣǺزܳܵġ
׼ɣӦòൽ˰±߾Ϊ˱ⱻ֡Ӧûҹо˵ؾЩˣԼ㶨ɡ˵꣬ӰΪһʧо֮ڡ
žµͼþûƿĿ⡣
Ӱɲʱʧãã֮УһӰϵĴһԽ׵˿֮С΢΢ȶŸڿС
ͷӡ̵Ĵ̶̷̱ʯһԵѾ˵ݡʦŷȻ峤֮λ
ŷһѪԸһ漴Сһӣһ侧Ө͸õУɫ״ӿɷƯ
غƯֻһ컹ǻڻذɡŷ̵Щ룬ԺһηŹŻЦĿ

߰˾ʮգҹڵûһ˿΢磬ȵĿ˷裬ԵĻ˭Ըˮﲻ
ʱµ۹˹ȷ֮߰һƬΧһСɽ·źɫ΢ǹעΧĶΧŮ
ýĴĻôԶ·Ȼɵʵ
𵭵һۣûʮɵİա
ֹһûʮɵİҲʿǱҪֲ֪ݴïܣóֱһץһѣΪж壬ʿ϶ûͿҩ֭ϲ֪óҧʲôˣȴûһָͷûжһ£Ѿ˼Сʱǳ̡
ܺãȲֹȴûٽͣΪûҪΪһսгɳ֪һͿٲ֮أǽСô˴Ϯһ˵ֻҪϵİӦжȻĻ̫ˡ
ҹоҪ˶Ŀƽ·ߣڽ˹֮ǰĵƶһ޼ʵĿƽԭشʮҪûпܣ۲ãߵ·ߣһǶһƬ֡
УǸɽһȫû³Ƭֱ㰲ȫ࣬Ŵڻ㱻Ҳ֯ЧĶԿһɹƬֱɼоаµ۹лԱѡ˽󲿶˼Сӣ˴ӶͻҲа취ֲ
ҹ֪ȥ˴룬һһԱʾûκ
˿ɫʱֻжСʱˣһǱľӻױ֡
ʱһһĹȥȻûбֳ˿ļ꣬ҲЩΪһıֱֱӰ쵽ʿı֣ԾϾҪ治ɫ
ֻʣһСʱˣͻȻЩĳصĽ𣬱һͦñֱк䣬ѡûд
ɳɳԶ̤ڲݴ֦ϵ
ϸﴫźţͻȻֱһ٣ȵϹ󣬷źţ
öħźŵХųʣǱʿͬһʱ˰װڴеĻء֪Ӳȡϱ࣬ΨԼ̲֮֮ϲߡ
һ֦ϵڵϵݾʼáĲҽ˷һҳһš
ħʦ׼ȶţʼö֮Χͭǽڣʲôûжôˡ
ŵħʦӪʱλϵħʦֵΧһָֺʯǽˮϵħʦúӹ̣ϵħʦʼôϵħͶȼźõıըȼ
ֻϧҹ޷磬ҪȻվǰѳΪһƬ𺣵Ĵ֣̾һзĻƱؿһ벻ֹ
ֻǱĻû˵꣬ͻȻ˴磬ƣɲǼӣʣѳΪһƬ˼


451 ŮƷջ


߰˾ѮⳡսʮֻʮбǱ˺ɽƬïܵĴҹһһ߽ڵʬӰ˲Ŀá
ⳡս˴Ӵ˱д˲½ʷϾսⳡսıٴоⳡþķսʱ˶ʣıǸûһ˿ҹΪʲôͻȻ֮磬Ҫ֪ʱϵħдо֮УûͻĴĻʧôأеѧ˵ûⳡ磬廹ܹЧ֯зʵֻе֪ˡ
ʱҲͬɻǳԴħԪصĲ϶˰еʿ棬˵ĿóгӰӡ
ѵʹǡǧ壿૵벻ͨҲУôᷴǶԸأ
ýŽŴһױƿ˽˫ֳһӡͲ
ѹסеļױˣȲؽ⿪ӡż㡣
żţһۻּԾȻϣſŲЦᡣڵӱʿܸԸԼΰɡ
һȻûйֻǼ仰Ǹ⡣˼Ա˵Ѿ㹻ˣǧﶼҸֻΪʵ϶
ƽס𷭿ڶż㣬Ȼþ㵣漴ÿϲ
ؾ壬ϾȻеؾ壬ǵİ˹ָտɴһ¶СŮȸԾ飬ֻϧ̬ԶҲῴ

³ǡµ޹ڣһɳŹơĿⲻʱƮһԵķ䣬Ϊڻѡ
֨ѽһſһֻɫѥ˳úɫغ˿žĻߣȵһѥӲȵص³һǰ
һһͣŵľƱþûз¡վǰ⴩ƳŮʷε£𺶲ѡ
绪һ˵ĸ֡ʵ벻úʱ¸ĸо
ǽɫ͵ġžĴ󺣺գһֻͼһΪȫú˿֯ɵңֱϥǡϾ˿ճֻͼǸ߹󲻷ͷŰ͵ػʹڣܱǶ״ıʯһƶɵġ
ʱ¶üɨķ۴򣬸߹ַŮʵɡ
µĲҲı࣬ǰơȻҲ˰㻢磬ǴһֺţȴֲŮӵᡣ
ôһǰתȦЦʵ
Ҽ͵Ůʵϡһ̾
Ƿеءһ˵
ɵѾͷʲôǻм𣿡һЦסµС֣˰ĵůݹȥ
һǽһ·е㲻ڡָֻǰؽģ
һͻȻ뵽ЩʲôٺЦ뵽һ취Լѹԡ
ʲô취ʵ
һַµѣЦŮʱ£κú÷һ·Σ
΢죬شһ£ᡣ
һٺһЦ§Ȼסķ۴ֻҪһ˶һŮʣֹס˷ܣϻŮʵķΣ֪㲻һƷջأ
оһ˷ܣ¿ʼҵĻӦΪһ˼봫ͳŮӣΪԼķǶĿ϶
˼һʼŴֿ϶ŨŨϢһǼƷΣʱſӼĹֱǵü˽ϼ㣬·˴ζ
һȴŵɳϣ䶥ϴһ񣬶˫ȼ䣬ҧ´˫ĵõˮ̧ͷһһ˿ɬ
һڸ꣬ԹԣܲˣͷŻʹڶӼֱ̫ˣСһ˷ܵҪƿ
˸ţЩһĿ⿪£һǰͦصĴһ㵯˳ܶޱϤʱﻹǵһ͵ļһȾɡ
һоµС棬۽ɰ´Żʹڵͷѹѹ
°һһۣ۴ŵػ¡
˻һһζƿҪ̼һŮʷξ˶ΪԼָо̫ˬˡ
㣬ʲôأ쿪šһƮƮʱε
һŵ½һҪȴһסɳ
˳ӣСîƵԽԽ
һ﷢õаξվǵԱ߿Ľ¶ĿΪаһپ糱һµĿ籡ˡ
ó˿СһɾȻ󽫿׵ϣ˿һζŻعַصһһۣȻɿȥԡ
һã˷ţߵ𾢵һ±ʧȥĵ˽ֱֱײһĻС
ʲôأ˷ܼ𣿡һ˵εСЦ
λɵؿһɫԥʲôôöš
Ϸ˸ûһЦ
Ϸһ£ͻȻȻŶһǲǷ޼Ϸôģǽ棬ҿ
һ󺹣ոΪʱţû뵽С
ʱ´ԡ˳õĻһ
ۣ㣬㴩·ƯתôһŮʷε£ɾ˹ȥ
ÿƵġҸЦ
ÿο϶صͷȻʱӣɻⷿʲôζôֵֹġ
һͬʱתͷħ輸ϵһŵ˿


452 ƽյ


˳˵ĿȥҪȥʲôȴһ
㣬ҿʲôôأҡµֱۡ
Ƥˡ°ڴŮʷΣôһ˵мơ
죬һŤ˹ȥίص򣬽۸ҡ
һЦãƨһµˣװˣ㲻˯𣿼ܹ
κסСƨɣᣬ󻵵򡣡ʱѾܵԡһʬȥˡ
ǹ̻ļˣ˵ýȥϴҲ֪ͨν˵
Ѿͷô˵´ԡҳôһ£ɸոչΪһ񣬽¸׵ˡ
ұҪ˵ģ˭ֻϷŰκһ
ҲûʱüƽˣҴҵػҪȥ
㣬Һһȥε
á¸ɴͬ⣬תһ
ȥɣҾͲȥˡһЦŵ̻ʽҪжܰڣüַЩʲô벻顣
µͷӦһó޹
գңֻǰˬĺȴһ˿ȣ¶ȱǰҪࡣ
һһƿ̨ϣײ±ڵغˣǽ˻Ĺâ漴ٴںˮ֮УҲֻһɲǵ
ʱºȥҵС㹫ˡһŽйһ
һһ˳ȥƮݵĲ̤˶ȥֻһһ֣գۼʧںľͷ
ڵĺ³ǵĺжξ롣ˮˣд͵غֳû˵ǱȽϰȫˡ
룬һһ׼ˮеʱͻȻӺԾ𣬾ŵҪƬ
ɡĪǺ׷ˣһüİΣ˲ôһͷȥ
ﬡװһը졣æþγһθǼ٣һˮȥ
һЩոˣ꣬Σա
һٴδһ죬񱼵ĺˮҵسӿ
ϤϢǡϢһȻһΪĸĹϵϢȽϤˡ
椶һøжǷһжΪħɭ峤ɵأģأһǧ򱶵ķ
һ˳ײر˹ȥǬŲ˵߷壬ϢȻͣһЩȣ˿Ҳûעôֻ࣬Ǽټ١
ﬡ߼ԽԽԲغˮŭطڣɫâ֡
ڣһȻºˮӿȴ߲ʻ֣ûܵһ˿ĳ
ϷɣһͷںˮҵƮɫβҡƽ⡣̵Ĺâָ䱩Զа׳Ļƽ
ǻƽɫƣѣһ񼶵ľע뾫Ĺ뵱һҲ˴
һʱûΣգһΪеˣ̶һʱĵѾ߱ʵ²ƾֻ޻Ѳ˭˵ǽˣԼĽҲСҪȻԼ
һתԶƽƵƬһ壬һеĻ壬Ӧó겻ðɡ
أٶЩ԰ףǻƽҲԽԽȻռϷ硣
ЩиˣеĻعͷһ΢΢һЦ
һʼ磬Ҫȥֱӿ裬ͻֻԭĻƽȻһ⣬ӿһ˸еĿ˲ɫâĲƣϵ߲ʹ飬Ǿ޴βɨ塣
һд󾪣һǰһȭǾ޴βȥ
һ죬ˮһ㷭һȭͷһ飬Щǿͬ졣
ǻƽһײз˼˳ȥֻ޴ĿнⱩ³ڽɫϢϮһ
һһһˮͰֵɫںˮл˹ȥ
̵һƽӴ˶ϵĽâһЩЩĵһһۣҪݡ
һѿƽӦ˲֪ķҩǿ˹Ӧ֧ŲסҪܡ
ܣүͬͬ⡣һٶȱ죬һץסǻƽβԼ˺档
ƽҪһ˦ȥʩ˼ħûгɹʱƣ̬ԡ
һƽĲϣ׼ǴͷǶٺᡣһתȭһȭһȭԽԽ˷ܣ˺˵ԽԽȵĸо
ƽʹֱУӴڿз
һƽʵܲˣ׹һ˵ĻĵӴϵĶﾪҴܡ
һȴǲ񫣬ͷһ֮Ȼ˷ܵβִβһ׳Ļƽһھʯϣһڴϣʯ飬ѣһòٴγһǿǸõɳ
һȴǲ˿֮УƽǰʯɽǰŰƽһʯͻر£Ļƽû˹ȥ
𡭡ˣͶƽ˿ûһĹؿڳ˿Ͷ
һȴýȥյһ±һ¸ݡ
Ȼһһ죬ȵĸоһһ㣬񱩵֫ٺ
գͻҲүһһּʧȥʶʵͻǰˣһʱŽİȫû̫⣬׷ֻƽŰȴ˿֮Уǰͻ֮ǰĸӰ졣
ǻƽ˾޴ĿϹâһΪһŽɫۼ׵꣬ҡҡλεվŻԵһͷǰԴҲ٣ȥҪϵһȭúýѵһ£Ӿڶ
⻯ΪεۿףѪͳһƿӣһҩ£һһһȥ
Ҫ֣һͻȻһһغɫѪɫĺӰɲʱ֣ۿ˸Źĺâ


453 Ͻʯ


৵һһѪɫâϮꡣ
걾ͱһˣûȫָʱܵǼдŨϢĹǲɿۣСɲǼγһɫڵֵסĹ
һ죬걻õ˳ȥСϵĽɫ羵ˮ°
ˣϵ͵ۻˡɥ
ʱִƽʱŵתܣһΪδʣתͷӻġ
ǱһȻΣȥ»صһߣһ˸źâ˫ĿŻ˯еһ
ҹɫ٣ǳīһҹĻ֮ϣ໥ӡΪ
ʱĵĺߺԴһһͷ𷢣һͷ
̷ựҸоˣү⵺档ͷǼΪƯ˵
ǾȥɣǸĵӦûࡣ̷˵һԾˮβڵ𣬽ϰߡǿǾﰡ
ŮС׽˰ŤβǰнٶȾ˲
үǱߡôôصĺڰϢһ·ɻ˵
һطȥһʯͷ̽ͷȥеһĻһڵϣ߲ʵħâ˸š⿴˵ĺڰȴڵרעؿһ
ѵүڰˣŮС׽ŵ
ǣҿԸоүڰŷǳܵعϵ֮ӦԼĹϵƺֶһЩʲô˵Ϊһ֮Ѫعϵôһ˵
Ȼˣǹȥɡ̷˵
ӽһ꿦Ťһۣ漴ָֻ֮ǰĶͬоһĹϵһ㣬ܸ֪ͬһعϵ
շһĨǰ׵ʱһϵ߲ħԪؿʼʶ»صԺ
ȻһգⱩ˫ĿͦļڿŹǻƽͻȻ֮ΪͻȻ˹ȥǻƽҲʹ˰ݡ
סôһŵ㣬绨еߵΪҲվ
ǼôûûءˡĵһЦһͷڳԵʮҫۣһЩˡ
̷ЩȥˣһûʲôøС˿ֱ̼ضأ
һˬʼ磬ӱ̷ƵػͿǾԼӦɡ
лл㰡ǴغֵܡһҲ̷ƣתͷļ
ǡغֵܡеػشǺâ˸ۿȴԸоĽ֮顣
˵ŮС׾һ̷Ҳһɫ
ϻ㲻Ҳ˵𣿡һٺЦ
ǡǡү۸ҡС˵
һٺһЦС׵˵һΣҵֵܣԺҪŪˣҲһ
ǡүСӦһ̷һû˵
һȻҲͱ̷ƼƽϣϾỊ̇ôҲԼˣȻԼЩ̫ۡ
ڰԪռǱ뺣ˮ֮лصǺֵ
¸һٴطʵأһĶп⺣һΣ֪Īĺ׾Ȼ˾ʵ磬㹫ȻԼŮ̫ˡ
ʱǺڵıƻĶѾ޸ȻڻԻͣͯеĹ
һһź׼ƷɺɵϣĸоƤ룬ˬⶫÿĹЧ
С״һŰΪһ˫ȣΪԴɰӡ
˵˵ôɫˣһ۾һڱ̷Ĳ鲻ԸصݹһĹ֭ʵǳں׵һعʵ˵գЧͺɽϡٵĲʺеһƴˡ
Ӧһ촽ʼ˵ԭƽɫ죬Ϊһ麣׼ΪϡеĿʯϽʯϽʯǺ׻ɽʱļΪϡеһֿʯڵؿҟnڽ⣬̺ž˵ħĴָһС֧ŴͿռħʮ꣬ɴ˿ɼϽʯ̶ȡ
Ͻʯ˻ɫˣһһʵ
ȷֵģȻҵĶ˵СһӣһȭͷСɢŴɫʯġ
һֽӹϽʯ˵˵ϽʯǼֵǰ
ˣղᵽռħǺ֮ħ𣿡һʵ
ȻУʵ֮ǷǳӴģͬ嶼Լĵ̣Ϊͬĳ͵ĳ֮䶼ħ̷ƽӿ˵
һͷ˿Щ徹ȻȲ½໹Ҫͨħ̫ɱˣħħġ
Ǻ֮ǵħǴѧģһʵ
ȻǴѧģǺܾǰˣǺһ嶼ûٺӴ̷ƻش
һü˼ͻȻӿռָͳһʥּ֮ص鱾ݸ̷Ƶ㿴Ȿ飬ʶ𣿡
̷ƽӹһһǼʶ֮п϶ʶ֣Ϊｻ׹ħ鱾ּصġ
𣿡һĿһѵ˵ǰ½˶ֲɣֻʥǲ֣
һ֪ʥһ޴ıأ֪ʶȻЩǺ֮ʵ̫ңԶȥĿǰ˵̫ʵڲ½ҳˣûʱ߿
ȥķɣ㵯١һɴʲôҲˣЦ
һ죬תĿ⣬Ӷͨ͸ˡ
Ҳܾû㵯ˣһȥɡ̷ƵһһۣСһ㻤ǰ档
һ˷ֲۣôץץռˣŮôǵù͡
ǾͲҪˣҾЩˣȥ˯һٺЦƳ̷ƣ˼ԣҲҪ˯Ǿ͸ɡ


454 


㡭ñԹʲô뷨̷ǰһŭضһ
ˣҶ뷨ôҵŮĪǳԴˣȻʹ˵㣬ҿǿһ¡һٺЦһѽԼԵɨű̷ǼҪ¶һá
̷ҧгһ޿κΣĸףûнչ˺ãħצ
̷ựС׶Ϣһ°ɣүǺˡһ§ţǼ価ŵϢԵ塣
ˣһƲƲ죬Ѿͷûɣöʲô
ûٶ˵һĹ뷿ڣŽӲӵĴ󴲣̾һǻôЩʯ֮ģȱ˼ܰůҪ࣬ϲĶɡ
С㣬ȥһӸһǽ˵
ү㡭㲻ҪϢ𣿡
ǺǣɵϣҿЦģҪ˯Ļҵ⡣һٺЦʵͦεһѡ
һɲʱߺüȣæŤβǰƽϢһ÷ɿâġӨַϣַʱڷﻷơ

ޱߵĴ֮ϷһƬ翵ĺ򣬲֪ʲôԭγһԴԴϴĵشһƬԴĵ죬Լ֣ɾ
ССļʮǱ˵еռﷱϢ˵ǰʿɹããѰϲղرءȫ½ǱƤб̬ħǺǶľѲϣѪ֮˵౾رԴħԡ
ֻ¹Ǩ׺ѳɣĻԻѲڣɵػƽʱѳΪ˵Ҳ䲻ħӴ˱˺ֹ͡
ʱƺһһ֮ϡ
⻯ΪΡǱ׵ӣǱһͷ˭أһŵһ޴ɽɽıڽװķⱦʯƵ¿˿ǰһҵʯ
Ȼƹâһһֻض䣬һСӣ㲻ҪһҪأȻ˽͵ܳʷҪˡ
㣬֪ˣ֣ʹġ
ߣ´οôʰ㣬סôˣ֮˭ὫһͬΪεŮŵܵܵŵʵŮͬŽɫۻĽѣļֱ̫ˣСһSߣдˬӢüһƬɫĩȥ
֨֨˼˵ǱһڱϺɵġ
³ǣ˵ǲ˵ҲٳһζŮݺݵһѽԼҵܵˤڵء
𣬱ҵĺý㣬˵𣿡³ǴͲһӲһˡ
ںҪһֻϽʯȻһһͨ˵һ顣
ʲôࣿ˵ȭͷŮȵʵһߵĴʣȻںܾúܾǰʿǱϾǴ˵
Բм٣Ǹһ̫ǿˣƺ̲һصܽ԰ٱ̫˼ˣҪ֪ΪʲôͻȻ˹ȥƤ˵Ҫˡ³ߺߵ˵˵õʵ򲻹Ǵ򲻹֮ɡ
ô˵ǸǿˣŮ˸˷ܵĹâ
ǵȻҪȻڶᱻ𣿡³ǺߺߵȻʱΪභ֪ڵ߷״̬Ҳ򲻹Ǹࡣ
ǸƨİչŮܵͷԴһ£еһЩ궼ܵΪڶ򱻳Ϊһǻ𱩵Ƣɴ˿ɼһߡ
ֹ죬³ǵһŰʱһֻķѵĹӣˮһʡ


455 ͵Ŀ


Х¡¡ǿµɳ̲ԵʶɫǻڿϣӨӨ⡣
һ̤˶ȥ̤˶飬֪ڳһʱˣƮݼɳ̲ϣѾͻƵ˵㣬ǿǰʮŴﵽĸ߶ȣֻ˲ʱﵽˣǰࡣ
ڼһһ˿ˣʮңԶļ䲻ʹɬ
וּһһӿռָͳһѳ¶裬ɵĽӰӰѲֱ˴ˣȥѪȵɱֻ֮Ʈ飬ļǵãĽСߵ
һڿն𣬳ɲʱֶڿлһǰ貵ĹâϮԶʯֻ̲һ죬ʯ̲Բʮ״Ϊƽǽȴ԰㵹˻һֱ۵趯趯εĽɣɳϸһĺۼȴǰﵽʹĸɱ֮Уǧ֮ȡн֮׼
৵һһһָгһⶤǾ޴ʯͷ֮УֱûԱһӰȴ治ɫЦһ
ĩŵĽû˿ȴȶҪֲ㵽׻жٱû¶ľЦվ˵סǽոžͼǴʯ黩һһʯ۱
һڷйһ֮ѻظЦ˹ȥҵϰôߵﶼӰӣҹܵĪ֪һ֣
ľէʯۣһߴгһ˵ֲ׳棬֪ﰡֻ˯ų磬˭þͼҾ׽ŮÿһЩ
ⱾŮĽһʼ硣ӹӽռָ
ľĿȴûȥ߹һĸ첲ɳ̲һֵĽܰĸо֮䡣ǿҹɫ˵ƺ࣬ûвûƣĸоܺá
ߵЩˡ˱ɳ̲ϵĴʯͷϡ
һӶǸжãľ̿һϣ˫૵
һӶȤһٺЦ
ļ̌ͷһһۡôûһȤ˭˵Ҫһӡ
ȤһӣаЦʵءǸǳȤˣڸɵʲôһҲνˡ
ľҧ´ùһ˵ҪɵʲôŸȤأ
һһֹľ°ͣһ¡Ц
͹𣿡ľ˫§סһССһĴ価ǹ˴⡣
ɧӣٹңСҾͽһӿ죬ĸ̵ס
𣿡ľ̿Ц۴ţѩҧһɵСͷʱŪǽһʩչһֻһ
һָľ̵ĺϺݺ£ֱȹ䣬Щʪ˽ܴʹ
ľһʾСסһӡ
Ұսһ˳ͷɴ̼źɳ̲ϻӦһʮܵɡ
ͷǶȻ͸¶˳ôһϢҲԽԽǻ
һȥľ̵ʱȻû˿ʮϣһЩˣǲһ羭ȽףϾһȫͶѼо˼⻷
ƺһͼľ˫ȲһϣŪЩµ⣬ҵİţʲôġ
һԲԥһ䣬ɳ̲Ϸ˵ײХĺǵ۾գøӻ죬Ҳ˵ĺϷ
ҾУľӣҧһĶҵʯͷȥ˹ˡ
һڽҪͷľôһ˵ֻЪͣһӾϵ·Ȼϵ˶˺ʯ̲֮УһʯغΣ˵ȴȻԭʼ˶
һĨӰԶͣһʯĲԶ
¡һ̽ͷһ飬ʱˣŮʱܹ
ľҲһۣһЦýȢӾŶ˿Ƥ͵飬᲻ر̼
һûʲôľôһ˵ʱӿһɱĴ̼ݺײ£ľ̲ҧһļԼŮ
ûһľȷһ˫ֳʯͷβ߸߾Ǵ¶鲼ķ˽ǹԵӣعͷ㻹ʲôɡ
һһͣľ̵αǹϣ̽ͷһŲԶºһԭʼĶ
ǿҵĴ̼˷ܲѣһЩЩ΢죬ںХĺ˺ͺڸ²ע⡣
ʱ̸еºȻתһľ̲ľʯ
ҪҪˡľ̻عͷԲԾӭϡ
һڿˮſľ̵ķ۱Цʲôǿ϶Ƶġ
Ȼֻǿھʯǰϸ̸ȴǴٸӵĸ⣬⵹һЩ֣ŮӦò̫ɣôŶ̶һͺõⲽˣĵԶʹ˵˳
ʯ˷ܣǴʪζĺ紵ϡŮǵ㡣
һ̲סֶ˶ľҧز˲糱һ
ʲôûУ¶䶯˶ͷ
ûа˵
ǿˡЦ
ͷͻȻ˽˫ȣЩ˼򼱣ȥһ¡
šӦһ
ûκԥʯ̲Уһľ̵ĲԶ¿Ӷǰ׻ƨɶʱ¶˵ǰ
һľ̴ʱھʯӰ£þźڰħԪؽ˵ȫ˺ڰ֮С
ǰ׻ķλˮһһ飬ǧﶼ緢ľ̵ڣľһ̱һĻС
˳ȥûзκ쳣˿֪һ԰аŮ


456 Ѫ


ȥˣһһҹûпȥ¡
ҡҡͷЩԹҲ˭֪ȥˣ˵ˡ
ʯľһĻУСһȡЦ¸˵ˡ
һ˵ҲȷʵȥˣӦǰɣľҲ⡣
ͲԴôŮˡЦʵĿ˸
Դʲôãֹܲסֻˡ̾һ˵Ҫ˵ȫ⣬κŮӶɣȻıԵòôҪˣʱϰҲһֿµĶھϰһߺΧƣͬߣʲôŲµأ
𣿡˼
ôҲЦȤ
ôƵ
ɣҲģʱҲˣǻȥɣ˵ҼҷѾˡЦЩȲӣһȱһÿġ
Ů˵ѽнԶһ㲻Ӱ
̼ɡľЦ˿ǹˡ
ż滹˾ˡһľ̵һѣȻƿˮϴһ忪ʼ¡
ǲǻ⣿ľ̺һ
УĻǸ⣬ֻŮŵôһٺЦ
Ҳÿ˭ľҲʼϴ塣
ѵźܶ˶ôŵÿ𣿡һ۾ʵ
ľһЦ⸱ӡĿǰ˵ֻˣ㲻ϡĻҾҹһ
ңСһЦĻ֪ڿЦ
ϴɾãðӰһľ̵ֻ׺׷˹ľתƸͣ
˵ϰֻ治͸ΣһǷӨë׺Ц
аϸĻǲᷴԵġľЦ
𡣹ҸֻӢǿ׳ĴһٻŰ
ȻԼƯëûпһһۡɽľ̸Цˣ˰㣬Ų
һƲƲһҽԱˣ϶ֻģ˵ͬ⡣Ҳֻɫˡ
ľֱ̿Цٺ˵˵ҵİֻڵ𽹫
ͷô󣿲һٺЦʡ
ڡ㡣һ֪ľͣ漴˸Ц
˵ҹ͵ǵûȥˡһЦţҪˡ
ûĵģԸĨ˾ߣԵ𣿡ľһԹ
Ȼ͵飬Ȼ͵ĹأȻҲɣһػʹɡһЦ
㵱ҲҰľüһ˵
»ҲˣҴȥ϶Ҳ˵ʲô߰߰ɣˡһ˵űľ̵֡
˲ˣȥ֮ɣҿûʱһ졣ľЦһ֣ȥʹ
һס壬ľůůһЦĶͷһ£ˣҲȥϢɡ
šľѵùӦһһоů
һӰʧԭľȻһԴᣬһ̾Űë·Ҫȥҵѡȷ𣿡
ڰοеˡ
һ̤ɫ̨ϴµ޹ڣѾ£о˶˯졣
ȥѣƿ᣼˽ȥ˯ϰˣһҲûкβס
ֻһ§˶ĻһֻħצҲŮϡ
һȻԾµûܼͦеԣСǻڷеظһҹ֮úһɡ
һ𣬼Ʈڴ󴲵ϿգŰ͸µñıס壬һƬͨ졣
һӣ˿ֿ˿̧ͷ𣬻ǹԹԶ˴
Ҳ֪ǡΪʲôһڷɳʵ
µ󷽴Ը˴ߺߵҽһ˯ģ˭֪ͻȻΪůء
һѡ˵
¼һԱһЦһգգ۾
һЩĪʼ硣
ʱϤϤ´·ӴһȻЩ죬˵һǻȥɣˡ
ôˣ㻹°ɣȥһ˯һ
ѽ°ɡղŶҵĲԣΪô˷϶ˡҲ
ˣһȥֵ
Ȱοһˣ͡ͷȥɡ
ðɡһҲȰһӦе
һֱ̨ӷӶȥҷȥ
һ·ĬȻǴׯԺԶ˹ߣѻָһˣ͵ɣȥɡ
ղţĶԲˡһһ£ڵǸ
ҡҡͷûϵҲдұģ㲻Ҿͺ͹Ҳ̫ûߣĺܺãƽ⡣
⻰ôе㡭һ￩һ£Ĵ̼̫ԱȡĲ˰ɣɲһС°
ôң㲻Ϊҡһ飬һ֪һں˼ʲôˣ߳ŭ
ûУûк˼롣һæƲ塣
˵ûУߡ봷һ£һֲױ˻
ˣҴˣ㴷°ɡһץסصȭͷԼŴ£Ȼһء
վԭԼȭͷּഥļ⵽һʲôĸоأԼҲ̫ס

µ۹ڰ̻̳һһź㷢ڣŰڵħۣϻŰɫطģĺΧܣԵüΪ졣
Ȼ˫Ǳտɲʱڣһתĺڶ
֮ȼգѪΪýѪָһһѪУĿѪ⣬漴ʧ
ʱ˿ʥħѧԺ˯ˮͻȻӣĺâһţӴ濴˿ɫϷһĨֵ΢Ц૵һθأ̺ܿ῵ɡ
ˮմ¹񣬴·һľУһ򿪣Ѫɫǰ
Ѫ룬ˮճ˷ţˮķ䡣
һˮϵħˮкâһ磬κ糣˽ȥڴڤˮ羹Ȼûһ˿
ˮվˮǰ棬´Ϊ̣ǷһĨ΢Ц
̣ҪˡˮĺһһѪ뱻ָ䣬˸£ѪˮͷֻʣһСز¶档
ˮ𣬵ȴûʶ˸
ˮóڶ֧Ѫ룬ˮϴ롣
̣һˣϾͻõġˮչЦЦһѪ룬ͻȻˮҶ֮ϡ
ѪӴͷƤ̴룬һɫĶ񱩶ˮձһ˳ȥлһѪ롣
һ۵Ӱƾճڷϸ쿴ˮ״̬ȴŮŷ衣
ţȻ赲̣ɱ㡣ˮմ𣬼âӲͬĽǶϮͻȻֵŮõǺڰ̻ľ찵ħ
һŮϽһâɢһϮˮյľ䣬ʱһ˹ȥ
ʱڰ̻Ҳǻһظ۵һһѪŲݶ
Ůˮ磬Ͻ˸ŵԴѪһﴮѪ鵹ɫʱò԰ֽ
ͳһӨĴƿŮеһѩ͸ҩ裬ˮ
ˮ԰׵ɫתһЩûһתѡ
ˮŲ߽֪ô£һԴ۵˺ݻһ㡣ʱˮڲߣϱѾں˲ͬ㡣
ˮȻˮĹϵһĿѰ࣬СʱӰڣǰȣǴûһԹ͡
Էɡˮˮ˵
ˮձһᣬˮӿǵǳжûˡ


457 ͽ˾ư


峿Ŀʮֵ£¶׺Ҷ֮ϣ͸
һ΢죬ħų߻ȥƽδɫȻЩ԰ס
ͷȻܴɣǿɺޡߵԺﰵޣ˭ڹؼʱ̺һܣԽˮסģȴ
ҶôҴһҹɫôʲô𣿡ڰ̻ʾһŤӣǰɻʵ
ĿһϷתû£ֻڲǺڰƣκȴһչûУܲ
ڰ̻§磬˽̾Ҷβ͸ڰƵҲҪҪɲܿˡ
һжڰ̻ʵĻУһϷ޾ôӵվСԺС
ˣ㲻˵Сӵõ񴫳˵ѾƵĿǽץðΣͻȻ˵
ڰ̻һ㶣Сӵʵ׽͸ֽթҪץǳѰ
ôôأȻǽ̻ʥŮĻѾͷϵǳѵǾͲ߳𣿡ںڰ̻ʻ˵һɭ䡣
⵹ʧΪһð취ֻ֪鷳ˡڰ̻ʳ˵
ֻҪǲ˵ô֪˵
ʱһĨӰĴ˻ȥŷȥȴǱΪķ塣
ո߳һȫںеӹӰ˿Щŵ磬ûй⣬˺ڰ̻ڵСԺС
̻ʱ¡Ӱسڰ̻ǴӲ³Ǹϻڤ
³ǵҲ˵һЩϸϸڰ̻ʵ˵
ûзϻҪؽڲ³ǵ˵һ飬ĩˡЩԥؿ˺ڰ̻ԱߵһۣĻȥ
ڰ̻Ĭ֮Уò̾һȻзԸǾˣ۹Ǻڰ̻ῴǲ岻ȥˣϧôһδõĻᡣ
һǸŮΪǺڰ̻жΪΪںôżȥˣվһߡ
Ҷ˵Щʲôѵӵֶ𣿡ڰ̻ɫһͺȵ
һȫɴһһʧ
ڰ̻ҡҡͷɰӡоη
ȥһ£ڵ̻ʱ£ӻл㡣
ʲôڰ̻ʵ
㿴סӣĪ顣ոհԱ߲ÿڣڿûô˼ɡ
ڰ̻һͣбò֪Ӵ˵޸ݵ飬˵Ҷڸʲôˣ

һյĸϰºز³޴ɶ㣬ƽˬĺ綼˿˿ȣҫ۵ںʯ̳ɵĽϣ·ܼڶ
ƽռɲʹĳЩŰħװãЧǰĿյ࣬ǽıͻҪµطܷ⣬ħҩúӷøѸݣȻǽϿһСף˳Сӿ𷿼䣬ʮȻӣ˿õı鲻á
ڽգ³¿һͽ˾ưɣֽװãܴ󣬾˵һ¥ͨʹá
ͽ˹ȻӶÿжзֻᣬͷ죬ͽ˹Ἧڿ۹չ߶ͽ˴ظǿʵСȺֱݬӶᣬֻ𣬻ƽˣ׽˺ϾˣӶܽͽ˹Ϊ٣һƽ˵سƺŲ֪ɷˡ
һSSӶŻҷӶǱޱȣЩһĸǴ˶أȺ˾󲿷ֶͽ˹ᣬŸ߶ͽıԵ
ʱһڲ³ǵؽֵϣһϮ°׵ĳŶˬȻԵõӣӺ·γһǿҵķ˵עĿ
⻹һվǰһʮľ޴ƣдͽ˾ư֣ڴͷӿ֪ж
һƵһԸзεӭŮɵĻӭ̤ưɣŷԭͽ˾ưɲǾưɣȻ˲ΪԡÿǣǮҲѵڶˡ
һ̤¥ľưؿ޴ĳէ࣬¥Ķ¥ȫһΪư򣬵ƹ谵䣬ԱȻ䣬Ǵֱʰһûôľưɡ
ͽ𣿡ʱһŷԱεŮӭʵ
һЦЦͽŵͰģӦ㲻ͽ˰ɣҡҡͷʵͽôأ
ŮָұŽߵħͽ˵ĻǾͿԽǸﲻã۸Ҳһ룬ķȻܵˡ
ŶһȤ벻ŵͰͷԵģȻһȲ֮Խк͵ȼֳˡ
ϰ𣿡һЦʵ
ǡŮһȻǲ³ǵԭס񣬲ʶһǺˣҲмˣҪȻҲᱻӴһϵ֪һͨ˼һһĹ֮ҡ
үˡһĽлŵ׳ʵһǰжֳݵһǿĿе񰡣ԶڻçԭһSSSħѪ࿹һĻһֻ
ŵþòˣòһЦİŵļ
ллү佱һøõġŵ˷ܵĴŶ£ܵһһ佱һּ˵ҫ
ǽӴһŮ𾪵һĻɵˣͽ˹Ĵʼ֮һİŵȻǫΪүͲͽ˹ĻĴϰ壬ŵͰֻǰ̨°ˡ
үǵ̸ɡŵһͷȥͷŮһۣñս͡
˲ԶһڰĽľ̻ζˮ૵ԩң㻹жûʹأĿԴɡ


458 ޶ͽĴɱ


ŵһǰ¥Լõķ䣬һȴָǱɫħͽרȥ濴һ
ŵǲжǫشһ߽˾ưͽר
ͽרܴ󣬵ñߵ࣬һּ̨߱ſ˷ʱҰʱģǱһζ
רĮ̇Աһ޴ƣһдµ񣬶һдһЩѶĿǰĽչһĿȻ
һͷķǳưרдʮ㣬ҽϣʮ
һ£ʿĹ١
ŵأһһڱеľƣһߴɫɫһʵ
үڿ۹ᣬڿ۹ͽ˹Ѿչ죬ʱˣ밢֮³Ƿչŵش
ܺãܲһͷޣ漴ֵŵ֪Ϊʲô㴴𣿡
ү½ļʵðߣΪүáŵͽ˹Ȼ밢һ־Ӫģһǵģûһۺʽּ֧żʵȨرӻͽ˹ҲܷչͱӶˡ
ʱҲˣھȥҪ߶Ͱµ۹߲Աͷ­סǸ߶𣿡һ˸ž⣬ٺЦ
ŵү⡭
һǺҲһۿŵǣЦõģǰİµ۹ȻĿŵطɱ񣬵µ۹һɥ֮Ȯʹˮ˰ȥɡ
ŵӦһתǰ̨Ҳһ˿˿һ԰µ۹Ӧʮˡ
ûһ̨Ǳ߱㴫һ֣ʱг
찡һϾµ۹һгԴʮϾдԱԴϾµ۹ӵԴϾµ۹ʵ۵ԴѾض˸ո·һͽǸ߶ʵĶѣͶһϾң㹻һ˸عһӶ´ˡ
ͽר˵Ŀ⣬ǰϾ˻µĶҲͨͨΧȥͽϾʵ̫ˣͽǿǸɵйˡ๫ҲֻϾҡ
ŵصһǰ£үò˼죬еͽ˹;ưɶ֪ͨϾͻ½
ܺãŵȻټһͽ˹Ҳɽ񣬲ͽµ֮һһٺЦڲ֮˵ؾԺܿ칥˹ȷߣʱػðµ۹ңЩļһ˭ԸŹλأʱǴݿ˰µ۹
ǣүŵ
ţһ£ͽ˹Ҫ۹еسнֻᣬʱγһӴϢ磬Ҫһ鱨ЩϢлּܷһЭ㡣һ˵Ŀͽ˹鱨ϡ

밢ŵ̸껰һһ˳ͽ˾ưɣɫҲѰûǿҵ䣬³Եˬࡣ
ʱ³ѻַָλȨѾȥ۹ǰƽȡʤĺϢʱʱ࣬һЩԭ̫֧λ˼Ҳ˸ı䡣
һһУЩԵѴӸտʼ˷뽥ʻµ۹ֻҪټһ۹֮۹żϵڶ¹˭ֻв֪˶ԿżѾռ˺ܴơ
ȵҡһĵĺһһľسһԱߡ
һЦľһۣ˿ûɫʱʵ㲻ȾƵôϴˣ
ľĩ䣬һһ֪ѾھưɷĴڣЦŻشͽ˾ưɲ㶼֪¥ԡˮģ
ԡŮ𣿡һ۾һٺٻЦʵ
ȥ˼룬ҲһǲӦȥ͵һ¡ľ̽ĵذһһۡ
𣿳ԡԡĶˡһЦ
ľһ̣Ȼʮá
һһЦţ֪˾İĺߡ
ϰִطѲɻһβɣһٺٻЦŲԶǿʯ
ľ΢죬ʾ˭˭
һĻʱʱ磬̲ڳɲǺʱεħצľ̵ͦβϺݺץһѡ
ľһĵָסһ⣬޵񹦿ŮͻģľȻҲ⡣
һʼһƬȽƫƧɳ̲ľ̾һֱۡ
̻ʲ˹͸õˡľͻȻðһ䡣
ţ֪һǿջش
ʵܾò˹³ǲΪ¼ô򵥣㲻Ҳ˵ⴿһֱûκθݡľ˼˵
һȸľ˵Ȼпǹ˹³ǵĿΪ˽⿪֮ԣΪҪõеô϶˺ԼǲñвԼ£ⲻɲ
˵û˹϶Ŀģҵ취ˡһһ˵
ʱһľнһתͷҷϿա
ڰϢϢƶڰϢǰϢں󣬹ϢȺڰϢҪǿľ̿˵
˵ûʵǿһľһۡ
ƺҵİĸоɱˡľЦ
˵Ķ̶ӣڰϢѾѸٽӽܼ
һ׹һƺߣǴ֮˷ˤһɳ̲֮У֮ܳ˷׷׾ܡ
ӺӰһһź¼ͷд䣬¶һ绨Ľգһͷ˿裬˵Ů·
ܰһü
ʱź۵ĺӰӳһ̣ɲǼ𣬿צѾסԶһλ۵СŮ


459 ̵


ŮҵŮһĸ˴޺ҪȥȴסʱǺӰצӿСŮĲϣһССŮ޾Ҫˡ
ɱӰͳסСŮӵһСŮѪɫȫޣѣȴá
ſȫʬܰĩ䣬˵еķָźӰȵĹħڿм
һüͷľ̶һۣóԷеĲ죬ܰ˽Ʊػ͵СŮĵĮеԾӡУȻöԼռǿĵ׻ǷǳģôΪɱڰ̻˶˱˵أ
Ӱٿر˵ĺסСŮµҲȻٹãСŮһʬ塣
ܰȴƺʧȥģзȻӳһƬӰ⺣̲ӳĵ磬ɫĹӲͬķϮǺӰ
ŮˣһҪ㸶ۡӰöܰŹ˻һϵĺ𣬾ǽԼСŮȫס
һһֻöܰӳɫ˲䴩͸ǹ͵ĺۣǺӰСŮƾʧһ㡣
ܰоһĵӴϢǵصӿ˹˿֨֨ĥ
ܰܰ鷨ʦԶΧ۵ǿ־شתų񱼶ȥ
һ߾ýʬɳ̲˳Ŷܰ˹ȥ
ܰһһʥʩŶ͵Ĺħӷȶ˳˷ת䣬Щýʬɲʱ仯Ϊ׹ʧ
ڲԶʹýѿǵĺӰû̫Զ֪ܲŮ˵׷٣ҪסӰ˿ŶԵСŮסĿצ˽漴һ̾ɿˡؽСŮڵϡ
Ӱٴ̧ͷʱ޷˵飬ӲҲԲöܰù
ܰܿΧ飬ⱩɲǼǺӰеȴĩעϢѿһӣһзӶֱܰغ󱳡
һ죬ܰǰļһɫشʽ絲ס˹ǺӰ򱻼ⱩըѪɡ
ƽáһû뵽鷨ʦʱٻBOSS
ܰعһƬ䡣ղƽо޸Ϣ·ڱתϸϸĺëȻⴥʽĽ硣ҪԴˡ
ƽûиܰĻᣬ޴ؽɫ師֮ϮΪBOSSƽõعٶȿ֪
ΰĹ֮񰡣ʵͽһаʥܰû㣬촽ǻƽԼǰĳǿϵ硣
ֻǷȶ˱һ׹⣬ΪƾӨϸ˿ǰǻƽһȦȦزƽƴȴôҲѡ
ܰ΢ףһʱסƽãҪȫȴҪѼľȴҪôΪֻҪɱ˻ƽõˣǱһˡ
ӰҡҡλεվЦŲΪ֪Ĳ뱯ߡƾʲôƾʲô̻⳾ķȣƾʲô鷨ʦΪ˺ħƾʲôͶΪаħûбʵֻϵĲ죬֮񼴶֮Ƽƣǧ̻ѹòҼ⣬ֻܶںڰŹ¶ͼį
ӰЦţЦЦزʣԼǵʦǰԸϣгһգħܹسΪ½ħһ֧
ʱӹ÷ӶӰӦǸӦġ
ܰ˷ȣħʼۡ
ḻ̌һҧһҪȥȴһһס
Ҫľ̳һŭĿӡ
ɣȥ鷳һ˵鷨ʦеСŮµһһ;Ƶ̶ֳȻɱ鷨ʦ̻Ҫǧ򱶡
৵һһǿҵĹ˿Цֹ鷨ʦֻҪһӴлҷ
Ҫ鷨ʦʱһƬ֣ȫɣһߴĺӰʼΣصĹʻף˸ѪȹâŨصòԶĶܰɫ˺󼸲
һâеѪɫҪƲ񷣬ǲŻƽϵľӨ˿ɲʱʧ
꿦꣬ƽаʬ鲢ΪBOSSĶӣ΢ذݵǰ
鷨ʦЦȻֹ漴һ˿ĪĿȡ
ĹǼ뿪ʱ鷨ʦĶߴһͺȡ
鷨ʦһ飬̽ƽ𣬻عͷ˿ƾƱ÷ԲһƬŵλΪһӰããҹɫ֮С
ܰʶҪȥ׷θնһ֮ϮѪҺҪ
߼Ӱ˲ʥ뿭գŲ³ǹ̻̣һ㽫ֱֱվŰΧء
ܰʥŮô£һµʵ
ܰ㽫ղŵ˵һ飬˫һ˿ɻǲгֵǸеĹǼأֲҿ϶ΪѪʱǰһһء
ףù佫ӡΣؽɲɹĺʥ뿭ճ
ʱǻеͻأ𣬴ŨŨĲм֮⡣
Ȼǻۣѵ³ǹ̻̾ǻ۵ֻڴ˵֮еס
ãʼָ⼸λ̻ĸ䣬ɫĹȦеķɢסĴ
һ֪ͨͻΧ֪ƾʱʵҪѲѡ
ӵһ֪ͨͻȻŨõĺѹȶĹȦеӳһƬѪâҪȦѡ
ͬʱһͬһʱٶȣֵסһ
׵ۿкâ˸ڱϹĹǴ⬰˱ϣâмѵơ
һȦѣڼú˼
һƬӰһǲ³ǵĹֻ̻һʱһ亹ȻʧڰС
̵ͷһֻһɫĺ뻺Ʈ䡣˶Ĭһ⡭


460 ʦ


ȻƬ£ȻǺХĺһľ̾ô±Ͽ淺ɫǻԵĺ档
ʱһҲǾﲻѣֻ֪ͨͻΧûҪǹ̵ĺӰĪǸԼҲѧˣˡ
Ƕһʲôﰡľڻ̲סʵ
һʼ磬ЦҲ֪ǹɡ
ҵһһĸ֡ľ̰һһۣǾеĲͲɾúЦһʶ˵ʵ
һʱȴ˳˼֮У˵ʵܰ⸱ģ飬ȫգ˹αӵʲôأ
Ȼܰǿҵռͷ۲ѣϾԼıã⹫ıŮΪ˹ӡ
ʱһһľҲһ˵ǱˣǸܵ鷨ʦ
ֻоͦһǺЦ
˵꣬ǰӰִ˵վǰûãһ鷨ʦӰҲϡԶԶһḷ̌ŲȴЩɡһֱΪʶȴƺˣΪ׵ӦǸ˵ħ͡
Сӡؿе㺦أȥɡһЦ
ǣ硣еӦһ꿦˽Ų
鷨ʦϻ̳Ͽ֣æ˹һһ񹧾鷨ʦݹл֮
ݹǣٺ٣ÿǴҲͬһĵز¶ûжСŮ¶֡Ӧ˵ԼԼһٺЦ鷨ʦֵиԣְܷҵ
ʦ˵ϵûа֣֮аֵ֮˵ġݹᵽʦЩˡ
һȻһ仰ڱء޸ħʼҲʵʦ˭
ݹҡҡͷСʦ˼ȴĩ߹䣬˵¶ʦүֻ߹ʦүǰµħʦء޸񡣡
Ǳء޸һشˡô˵ԼͬˣԼħҲǵԱء޸µħȫͱʼǡһִġ
ʲô֤֤Ǳء޸Ĵˡһ۾ȻŨص˿ݹǡ
ľ۾һһ˿һţҲ֪Щʲô
ݹȫһ漴۵ٶֳһĨȣȸղżʱĸǿңʦԸܷʵأ
ʦүֻһݹ̯ݹǰģֻһѪɫáֳغâһϵѪɫüһģһ
һҲԼ֡һ̯Ѫɫͷͬʱһâҫۡ
ǡݹǾһЩţû˵ʦͽܰѪɫֻһûеڶһϵѪɫָνͣ
ҲǱء޸ĵӣΪҵħʼǲѧħһ̾һ˵
ݹǲμʦ塣
ݹǵһǰȻЩʣ˫粻֪Ϊ˷ܻʲô
һһʦ壿ձҲȷǰɣֻЩϰߣݹǿˡ
һݹǷ̾Ӧó˺ܶɡ
˭֪һôһ˵ݹǾֹһĴȺޣֱһһԵľﲻ֪룬һͷӱŴȿ޻ͷһ⡣
ݹһ߿һ˵ЩŵıһҲõһĽۣǾǰ޵ġͷӡȻʮ겻
ݹʮǰһɽ֮У·ʦɴʦǺڰ̻һСͷĿСҲʦ켣ںڰ̻֮Уںڰ̻鷨ʦҲΪһڣûԸ˵ûԸ棬йʦ
ֻвƣ鷨ʦܻһķǳ٣ݹǵʦһһʱΪ˷ɻңֻݹʦүµѪɫüħıʼǡ
ݹںڰ̻ܾۣЩԱյ뿪˽̻ᣬزصز½εǾùµ㯣ʦǰԸһֱ֧Ѿܲȥˡ
֪һʦ󣬲ΪһĵĻʧ̬
ÿݹǷйˣһĴʪһƬⲻЦá
һݹҲѽ͸֪ͱԼСҲù࣬һѽݹǵֳ£ȴצһ㣬ʮһԵЩȫ߸֮ǰӡ
һֱ𣿡һֵʵ
ħмʱ򻹲һ߼ֺͱˡݹ˵
һЩȣûеħʱôûгҷҲûа
ݹǣħ黹ʦıʼøҿһü˵
ǣʦ档ݹûκԥӿռָͳͱʼǵݸһ
һٵط˷мħûʲôһǸ߼ħЩطܴѵǴеʱɵĺ
ʲôʦ档ݹǼһüҡͷɽʵ
⣬Щħһֻԭɵġһ˵
ǡǿԻָ𣿡ݹЩεʵȻϰħҲûĸԸԼ⸱ªģ
һӿռָͳء޸ħȫʼǣݸݹǵȷħ黹ʦүױʱʼǣȥĵطָһ˵
ǡʦүıʼллʦ档ݹǼĻֱǿʦݵʦүµĶǸһ˶ԿħʦʥĴǸٻڰħɨǧħʦе
һ˿ݹǵħ츳ʮ;ʹﵽħʿľ硣ԼѧĶ̫ӣħҲûرİãء޸ħڿݹǵз


461 СĴ


ݹˣ˱ء޸ħȫħʼǣһһٻ
ٻһˣһſݹǵ츳һܹٻ봫ͳħϣӶﵽһߵĲΡ
ôҿһֱԱ߿ءÿݹʧľЦһ
ȻΣҵŮˣûɲ㡣һЦסľ̵С֡
ľһ˿ɫ֣ʱ䲻ˣҸûȥˣ㻹ȥĹɡ
һľ̵ĲԾȴȻŻЦû˿ץסľ̳ص֣д˵ᣬҲҵĹ
ľһ£һϸܵĺ飬ЦٹˣŮ˰ɣˡ˵֣̤꣬ڰı˲ʧ
һЦݻĿһ˿Ѱζ΢Цľǵ迼ǣΪŵĸԸһŮˡ
ʱҲȷʵ磬һҲŻʹȥ
֪ҹǲֺ˯һأôǲҪͨأһﲻаȷʵָܲҲһ
ţͻȻ৵һһ׵عϮһYY̧ͷֻöܰź¼ƮԶ
ܰôҪʹȱ裬ɩӻܸ˼ġһһЦŶܰ˵ʵĺܲϰ߶ܰͻȻ
ٷϻղ׷а鷨ʦʱ㣬ǲģܰͷ˵һȻʮᷳ
鷨ʦǿˣҲ˴Ź̻к޹˭˶۾ġﳶҵһʼ絭Ц
˭Ź̻к޹ˣܰһȻȴܵõǴ̹ǵĺ⣬Ȼʮ⡣
֪˵˭أܰáһЦŷɽ˶ܰɢӶ˵еҶܰپڿܰȴøܡ
˵ôŹ̻к޹ˣܰŷ̡вһ˵Ȼݡ
Ǹں̲СŮڲ˵ڿе񡣡һٺٻЦŴսŵܰ㡣
ܰ˿ֲһΪΪ£סӿǷֲ궯Ǽ¶ĸоֱƮԭءĿĲȴʾһȫûһӰ
ûУа鷨ʦ˻ֻ࣬ΪȸˡܰȻ˵ϷһӨӨӾͻȻЩһˡ
ô֪鷨ʦаأô֪ɱˣɱ˱˸𣿡һŶܰʵ
Ҿ֪鷨ʦаģ֮ɱ⡣ܰ΢΢ܿһҲ֪Ϊʲô˵⻰ʱȻе顣
ЦҲֻǹ̻Դͽһɱֶζѣ鷨ʦٻ飬ûжĶκ˺ƾʲô˵鷨ʦаģֻ۾鷨ʦˣһЦ˵
ҡܰһʱԷΪֳ˰ùûκ֤ݿ֤鷨ʦаģȷʵûп鷨ʦ
Լúһɣ𱻹˼롣һƲһ䣬ҲЩĶܰһ̰˳ǱһĻʹ
ܰƮڿУͻȻЩ΢Ťסʹڵͷĵʲôƺѿһ϶
ʱµ޹Ȼƻֻͨһ̨ӽ֮ȻûзһӰ
֣ѾͷȥˣһﻷһȦ
ʱԡͻȻˮͼһϸһõ
ԭϴ裬һЦЦɳϣֿһƿţڡ
㣬ҪСԶһԡű򿪣һ߽Сѩߴ˳
ۡһľɲʱ˳ؿǰŴƵСʪʪǳɫ㷢ѩ׵˫ϣǰһԻڷеСԲֱ̺ͦ˱Ѫ磬¾ǡ
㻹һһɫԡԱбɶסһɢžС򷢳һļ漴ǻҵĽŲϤϤµĴ
˺һһС·Ѿʼͷϵԡ£һ£ɫٿһ´⡣
ֻһƿʽȤ˯£ʲôҲûԡζ˱Ƕֱǵһһǰһ󷽷ż粨͵СȴǺˣֱڱͷҳ
һַ̧£ܵҪͣһҪͰﶯûɲ°
ǸʲôǲǹⲻģҲһ°һһۺߺߵ
ҲҵķɣһǵŪ㶯£ʲôʱôԵˡһӵ۵˵رԼĲ
ҾͰԵˣŷ𣿿ˡóһڿЦ˫°ͽһǼͦظݳɼ
һһһڿˮͻȻֽ뻳УٺٻЦԵҲԵҾͳƽˡ
´һһпǼ籩ûСԻȼĸɲϽһͣȴҪܡ
ᡭȴĩܴԸСӱһסɵĴͷʱ룬µĻͨͨ˽ȥ
ҵţһħצǼ͸˯µ˫Űţֱ̼СӣҼ͹ͦ
ʱδ˿̽ͷСͨͨһ»һļ飬ˮ⵴
򡭡䡭ȵϢһߵѹѾõ𣬵ǲдһ˿ȴǰײа顣
һûп̫ãСǰȻ̼ʱȴѵʱ̣һѺᱧڵķ䡣
ᣬҪ૵漴ŷյ˿֮С


462 Ůʱ


꣬½̱һУʵƹ˸ŷۺɫںż˵ķ顣
ûǰôΰȻĨһĩɢĺΣһһʵĥһ߲Ľ
Ǻǣ˼СѾͷŶԣǷ֮쾭壬СѾͷ֮䣬ʱˡһЦŸŻ˶ѩ˿壬ᡣ
֧ӣͦ۵ԾĶǣһһۣûΪҲ֪ʲô⣬㻹ͨԡ
һٺһЦ뷨Ҫ˵ûǾǲܵģСҲǿˣΪһô᲻Ķأ
˵ǲǴ⣿ѹһֱĥ䡣
ôأ𣿡һһ޹Ҳǰϡ
˼˵㲻ҪˣѾʮˣЩ챧˯ȴ˵Ҫˣ㡭ʼºһתһһ񱳡
һĴԵŮզ
¼ûתͷһһ͵ز֪ʲôһЦ˳
Цʲôƨǰɡһع񣬰˵
Ц˽һУѳ͸һԸ
ˣ뷨ɵҲó½ͨŮʮ巽ɳףλа귽ʮ壬֮ǰɲˡ¿һ૵
ءһٺٻЦ
㻹ҡĲȫ𣿷һʮ岻һؿҧһ²޵˵
û⣬û⡣һٺЦСȻ˵ɬ½涨Ůʮ巽ɳûеģ̫

ںϣ̴ɫغڶէ֮ƣΪɾֻǹ̵ȴѵʶǴʱͬ¯İӣڵķͱ佹
Դϴε̨֮󣬲³Ѷմ̫رɹ֮¡ȷ˲һʱǶƲҵǧ콵¶ƽȹĿļ
ʱʱ֣һ֮¶֮ʱֵ壬۴αȵĵӪҵȿŵĵϰһ޾ɵ̱ϡħ֨֨תֻͣǴķҲȷ磬˿ܸ˴ˬ
Ȼ䣬һըסӿȵ̫˲䱻ڸǣХŴǽ졣ⱻɢһա
ˣҪˣ۹մӼ嵽˽ֵϣӯû񰡡
䡣ɫ˺˲񷡣ɫ¡¡ԽѹԽͣѾϸܵƮ䡣³һƬڣٲ꣬˶Ҫȷˡ
ԽԽ󣬲һưô꣬ˢǷ̵ݶ·棬ڴлش󺰴УΪһж顣
һΧԡŰվ޹̨꣬ǷһĨ΢Ц
Цʲôأ´˿ʵ˯۴Ӻ汧סһʵ
ҹҹǳƺûؼ󰡡һ»סСĦ˵
Ϲ˵ҹһֱڲͣʹпʲôؽ
һٺٸЦѧǶЩƤë֪ģȴԶˡ
¶ıɻҪأһôŮװ׼λˡһ滩شĪ
ɿһվزɻһۣʵΪʲôѵ̻𣿸鱨Ӧܵ
Ųϸоһ£ûзʲôԵĵطһЦ˵
Ա۾˷ɢŵﲻԡȻ۾֪ﲻԾˣһηȻǻħԪزģȴڸоôǿңǲļʩħʱĶȻġ
˵Ϊɵģ̧ͷʣȴŵĺܡ
ǲ³ôһеĽҲѣԴﵽûнĿֻʩŵħҲ²ûһ̻ͣʲ˹ҪˡһЦ˵е˹һףⳡʻᱻڹȻҲ˹ãĻ̻ͽΪⳡʱԲ˹͹ж£Ӷ꣬һá
һô˵ûκʣһ֪ͨʹæµʱʵ۵ļɲǹ̶ӵģ̻ʲôʱʲôʱᣬҹ¶ʱҲŵƽʡ
꽥Ъͣƾɢڵˮڿγһİɫ̫ڵ³ˬ磬һƢ
³ǱַǷм͹ʿѳ৵վڳĹٵߣʥ붫ܰȻС
˶²⵽˹̻ʲ˹ļ٣³ǻ裬ΪԤʾ۹ٴȺ׵ľ棬µľ֧
ڹŮǵİŪ´ƳɵŮʷΣ˲öĿĻʹڣǿɢȥƣǷŵõ˶ۣƺһŮʣӦҡ
򣬽ںƯǿµġαһֱ˵
һٺһЦµĿͷ·ŴԼľƷһֵǵģ»Ϊ½һŮʡָоͬ߳ƣһ޷͵С
৵һһ˦۵°ڣֱεϷǿϣֱе˶ô˴ʶþη৵ع
µŵĹŮﻹЩ㷣̧Զ͵һɳࡣ
Ůʱ£̻ʲ˹ϾҪﱱšĴһŻŮʷϵϣعżŵĹŮ̽ĳƺĳŮʱ¡
ˣǾͳվ˵


463 Ϲ


ⳡҲһСʱ¶ȴǽ˺ܶ࣬ˬ˿û֮ǰ뷳ơ
ʱ³˿ԴԱܹڵһʱհĿеĹʹҲǹ̻ʲ˹վڲ½
ȻһԶббֱϵĻʹʯϳһİ˿죬۹һοʵǧȻι˹ɫ󲻱䣬Ϊ۹ÿһ»ʵǰݣ߰࣬ʮ׿ףƬĲ˿ߣ裬ǰƥ񿥵Ķÿһƥ֫ǿ̬⻬Ƥë˿һ㣬ûһ˿ë˹Ż᲻زһ𺳸С
žʼҿ۾Ÿ߹󲻿ַʥŮ۶ϣ;ڶգ϶£֮Ȼҡ
һСϿգ°Եͷµûʧ
нķǳ죬ʱ˱ţЩòȻļֻ΢΢һȻʱ²ǹ̻ʥŮͬʱҲΪһŮʣǼǸ߹ְҵ˼Ź̻ʱ¹֮һɾ񣬿֪̻ʱŶȨ
һСӿƮȻ¡࣬ƮȻ
үʱ㵹ײβʥһ΢ЦŹȥһк
ôʥǲýһûεؿЦƺ˿оڼĿȻŵգֻҪʥһҪȺŹ˰ɡ
ү˵ûȷʵǣҶǣ̻ʱ¸ңʽ󣬽̻ʱٲҪүϥ̸һȴ΢ЦŲŭﲻݣһ仰˶Դһ̻ʲ˹Ĺϵ
ǡүԽ̻ʱҲѾã¶»ֻҴһƳź֣˴лٲҪ˼ָ̻һٺЦ˵ÿֻǱȴƺȴǽȻ෴
һ΢Ц֪ĬǶĻ̥
ڴʱͻȻϼ⣬һ͵Ϣ糱ӿ崺⣬ˬ֡
ϼͻһɫâһӰâΡȴɲǼڲ³ǵıϿաȻǸװBĴ硣ɫĹȦӡֻĶٿȻΡŨĹϢӯ³ǡ
̻ʱ¡ڼĩǳźһΧ۵İ৵عϵĳŲ˹Ĥݵ棬н룬ܼý̻һ棬޺
ʱɿʥͷŲ˹ΰ񣬼λǲ⣬ǽ̻ʥŮԴϰΪ
һקקذֱһ˿Ī΢Цſеز˹ϼһɴװģҲʡȥˡ
˹˵ıĩ䣬һͣһеһ˿һţֻҪһܽ⿪֮ԣλһκεΪӦκҪ
ɣΰعỤĽͽǣɢһа̻ʲ˹ǹƻĵĵͳɤ˵˫һӣ׹⣬׹壬˶ͷȫëϸ׶ˬĴţϸеغŹ̻Ŀںš
Ϊʲô̻󻹳˳أСһѬ¶Թ̻ʲ˹һ㣬ʵ
ǼٵأҲԡһЦ˵
ǽ̻ǸƭӣոһЩֲأֻһӾͲˡаҧһضӣĸоν񣬹̻εúܺõؿȾǱ׽ˡ
µһƭӣùҡײƭ㿴Щ˶ڹһЦ
ǽҲƭˣΪʲô߽أ
㡭ʵѾ֪ˣǹװƭɲ˵ȥǲýκ˵ġһСһ˵ʵҲȷ̻˺»ȡᣬڽϴԵʱǺܿµģľƾǱĬ±ų
ʽȻڲ³ǵĹУȫμӣΪ˼֤
ȣ̻ձƵһǧƪһɵĽ̻ģΰĹ񣬵ȻӵҲǸԼ
űһϵзʽһһֱһ˯¿ûаֳׯϵһһ˿
򣬺ŶһԹ
ýҲģȥ͸͸һ˵űεСŵĿߣǰŵһŹʿ߽ƫ
Ȼ̻ûбʾסһټǰһʥ뿭յһԻ˲²͸һ̻ʵĹϵȴҲ֪һ̻ʵĹϵǳ
ðŶǽ̻ʹǸƭӣҿһγݵ
ǣڽǰ۶ŵļһﶼֽϻ˵һǲ˵һƮƮȻشţƤţֲý˰
óȣһһСԺУ̧ͷǹöǾ޴Ĺ񣬰ֻſмơ
һǵõһڿ۹һǹǵĴüʱĲмڹˣ¸ȴŲһĸܡǰĴڣˣڲ½̻֯ȻʣĳԲˣֻ봫ΪƵȴʱıǨбһЩҰĵȨ߳˿Ĺߡ
ڰʱʧ֮ǵĺڰռѾɻôأļλ絽׷˺£Щһʾ֭ҲŪ׵⡣ʱԼѾӽ࣬ȴȻء
ΣãȥòãһЦŶε
ððĳôŶﵽȥɡε˵ҲǹһƬİһһڿˮ
ʲôһģڰ֮ľü꣬Ҳɶ¶ûһĵ¸񰡡
û⣬ǾﵽȥһٺЦ§סεСһ̰գۼ˹ľ޴ϡ
ʱõĹ㳡˰գдʣû̧ͷ
ˬڹϾˬһٺֱЦ
ǽˡ΢΢һ˵
һͻȻһЦѾͷɣһ磬û˿


464 ټ


αҧ΢΢Щ죬ʱķ龹֣ҳʱ֡
˿ǽῴйתӵ˵
򲻻ᡭһ֤Լ˾ӣȴǰһָסһ촽дһ˿޷׽ɫ
Ҫ˵ˣ㣬Ҿ򡭡Ҳûʲôġ˵΢ţȼյϼ
˵ʲôһͶɻǽεĻһһʮظ˸
ûûʲôɣҶﲻסˡζ˶˵
һٺһЦһڹһ磬ȻӰתһߣ̽һͷŽù㳡ϰип
ûһһߴϤ৵ˮǲɷһĨа΢Ц¹˻ǲһˬ
ðΣһеˣˮˣôСѾͷûӰ
㡭һûڽʲôˡ
ôˣ˵㰡һЩ죬ѵСѾͷʲôɣ
ҡûдֽССðˣ˲ŷûֽ
һȻӿռָһƬֽȻ˼ֵȥ΢΢ҡҡͷŮ˾鷳ҲŪʪܵġˣֱżһ˦ô¾ˡ
һϤµشش롣
һعͷĿⶨڹ񱳺ֻʪꤵһƬˮϣĶ˶ţһٿȴǲٿһˡ
ˣʱˣȥɡһҲʱýм˰ɣƮɶ¡ȴûзǹһ¡
˸ոƮСԺһʥװضܰƫ߳ɫƺá
ܰɻؿ˿һϿ˿Сһ˵ʲôȴվΪһ߲
γŶܰıӰ˸ȴϲͻȻתŵͷ
ܰ鸴ӵһҪסϸ΢ѷȴԻˣˡβƵļ־ȻΪһϯɶΪΪааֽ֮ܰڵͷѣΪа鷨ʦһһͨ׾͸ˣȻ޴ӷΪʲôһôǱ˸˵ͨͲýȥƫһɵĻеȶ˼⡣
һȻ˹ֽŵĶܰƺлָؼ󣬲ȻǱıôôӣ
ûòԼı绹ʲôʱһֹ
磿ܰȻһ֣һ޷͵ĸоڶÿһ㼤һ֣Ҳ֪ΪʲôȻĸо
ܰ죬޷Ƶ뽫ֺʱôͻȻڼϳع䣬ȻѹʪۿɲǸɺԣָȻתٳŴȥ
Ѿͷ߰ɣһʽҪʼˡһ˵εСָ˶ܰ
ڼԱĿϷ׵عâׯ£̻ʲ˹ƮڿУǵ׹ϴ㳯Ҳ۾Ʈȥ
»ˣһͻȻһһٻӰȴĪӣһ׸߹ɫظĵҪ¶ǵȴȻĩ䡣
оһעӵĿ⣬ӲͷֳһƬʣԸе΢΢һߵ΢ЦʱȥһĻǡ
һɫڻģЦݣһ˿ϢϮ˹ȥһﻹ治ܹߣͲˡ
һЦصûʲôıϢȴһɲǼһ˿ɻ󣬸ոЦһϤĸоǿңļأ
һʾ֭ʱϴʽѾˣʱ̻һĻʹڣϵع֮ϣȴʥļᡣ
ΰĹ񰡣ʥĹ֮Ϊ֤۹λϵĹʥŮ£˹һ˵һ߽еĻʹڴµͷϣԤʾŲʷϵһλŮʵĵ


465 ˹ȵ


˹ȷߣغ濾ţԭ̵ĲҶ޾ɵţ·Ҫȼ
˿ȵĸʷ϶ΪټʷҲֹֻôΣȵʱɴʮȣѾ˼ܹܵļˡ
ʱ˿̣˹ķս׷ɣĺƬأĿѪһʺ졣
һȼŵĵڴ˿̲ݽ棬һδεĳһδμսʿһǵĽŵǵ˻ͬ̾͵ʬ̺
ħХ׷ɣһһ˫ըѤõĹʣѪ֫أĹʡ
޺ĨĨǵĺ飬һƬ԰ףЩ˲ٵĴСսۣȴԶûôӴңֻƣڱ˲Ӫʩһһһҹһİһһȥ
ڣ޺ʩһ߽Բסҡ£üеľĴصΡ
С㣬㲻ټȥˡһֱ޺޵һѪɫŵĻǵȰ˵
޺޵ͷ֪Լѵ˼ޡ
룬ȾǵĽʱ˱ӪſͻȻһȡԡѪľʿ̧һǧ˳۵Ա˽ɷش
ʿһ֪˫ӪģɷԶԶ˵ľ˵ĽҲ˫Ӫһǧ˳͹ˡɱ˳ƴɣʱؿڲ֦ħʸؽƬˣһس¶˿֮Уǿֲ
صƣûдﵽħʦļˡ˱Ӫﵽħļ룬Ҳڲ֧ڤ뵱Уʱֻ޺ľҲ;ƿݡ
С㡣Ƚ˫Ӫʿ޺ͬ˾һ㡣ǧ˳һ̧˹ڵ
޺һ̾˫Ӫܲȡҧҧϵؾеķȡۼüľ
С㡭Ļе޺Ѿʼ
Ǽλʿʱŷ޺޲԰׵ɫĶͷ޼ѱˮʪвɸм֡
һɫ͹˵ǧ˳ʱ޺޵ʶ˲䱻գسȥȴʼմůů΢Цôࡣڵ뷨ܰﵽһѰҵļֵһʿΪþȣ޷ء
ȵ̫£һ۵Ľվһɽ֮ϣ˫ֽⳡѳּյĹսȻ鵭Ȼ΢΢ָȴй¶ʱľ
ͻӦо£ħʦ޲ħе´ѵȴߵĴ̻촫
ǽһƬѪս΢΢鴤һ£̫ˣ˹ȵίʵ̡
ʱһǿһĺɱţ̫ɽһߣֻսӡ
һһֹĽʿǼƣۣǰĻƴɱ󷽸滻ʿֻҴҿмڸˮ㱧˯Ȼ˯бѣö滻ǰľӡ
Ż谵ɫѤõ߲ħݽҧһ૵ѵûɹʿǳŲ˶ˣȥҪ̽ˡ
ʱ˹ȷߵͳýҲñһթ䣬ΪʲôçһеıͳأȻµ۹˲أʧأֻҪټ죬ұ֤ض˱ýΪµ۹ߵͳԷǱԼܾЩԾʾ֭ȴ벻ﲻԾ
ý䲢ûʲôıŮ漱ˣ۹۹žļΪȣûʱȥˣԲŻб͹ýֵһλıʿ˵⼸һֱ۱𵽵ʲôıһֱ۲һȻ
ҲͬľֻܱˮֻͣҪٳһ£ǰµ۹Σ͹ȥˡһλıʿ˵
ýͷȻأʱҲֻüӡ

˹ȷҲһʮ׵ĵ£һȺСгĵؾڷٵŵصǵٶڴ˵ģȴ˹ȷߵĵص׶ǼӲޱȵʯҡ
ǣϿҪڴˣӿٶȣҪ˻ʹĴ¡ؾ峤ɤӴУȻһĹƷܡ
صߣϹɫȺĵؾٶȻҹǲܴӵصƵ˹ȵĺ󷽣ҪȵˣᱱýǱܲܳסʧֵҲ֪Ҫ١
ȻļϹѲ֮ǰë׳嶯СӣѾ߱һҪʼĻˮһȦ۵ëеγǿҶԱȡ
ͨˣǲʯѱ͸ؾ峤˵аСʱͿֱ˹Ⱥ󷽡һ͵ʿӵص˳ᵫȴѹֲסĵ˷ܡ
Ϲһ˷ܹɱ֮ҹҪµ۹˹еĽʿΪɳֵǳ
ҹɫĩҵĹȻûֹͣѾͬһһһҹˣսеӳǰѤĹâ
ȻĻһջ⣬һ˲񷡣
ˣ̱һоȫѹϣϱо
ʱµ۹˹ȷһƬңڱ·ҹµ۹ıص˷ߵ·ϱı顣
һƬƴ˹ȵĺ󷽹ĳ֣Ƶ÷滻ں󷽼ӽʱϢİ¾ӳʱΪǱˣҲû̫⣬ɲʱ䣬ĸѳ嵽ǰźǹ̽ӡǧ˲䱻̤ࡣ
ϮϮ˾شУµ۹ѾҳһţӪػĴܿ㱻Ѫɫ䡣
ýҵشӪ߳۵ѪɫһɲǼñû뵽Էڵص˹ȷߵصǼӲʯ֣ʱѱ˾һжˡ


466 


ɽµ۹ѾĻɢҲ۲ýһδεĹпϣϣѱ˾
һɢ̱øֽһһ弴ʿӿ˹ȷߣ󷽵γǰл״
²Ϊ˰ɡýױӳ˵
ýĬȻݴķߣԼֵµʿһƬƬ£죬յ硣
ױӳò
ýع̾ߣߵȥ˹һƣҰµ۹죬Ҳսϡ
һױסˣᶨΧסý
ɫɷʱɱţΪµһߵ˹ȷʬǧѪµȾ˰죬ճɻҽӪֻƮɢһձɽİµ۹
Ժ˹ȷϱسһѪɫҰݣһ֮ʱɽҰɢѪζΪ˳֮ΪѪݣȻǺˡ
ŵѪɫѽýһΧסΪ׵ĺȻǴ˴εصϮĽϹűΧмý˵սû˭˭սɳҲΪһʿҫعޣǺ޵ҧгݣ˴˹ȵĹսһս磬ܲޡ
ţðܵòԩýЦݡһֱΪȫѹˣȴ©һֻţΪعս֮УŸӲƣµ۹ΪϱһڳǽϷˡڲ
ʱѪɫطֿһͨȻʱս롣˭ȴ־Ѫȵսޱϡ
öķڷܰߣΨ㱱һ˶ѡýγ嵶山һµ۹ľ
ý־ܰɣµ۹βΪҿ۹ЧأýѾõϽҲǼΪ˹ȾƼֲôá
µ۹ֻսĽûͶĽýԱȻЦ嵶һĨ⣬Ѫɣһʹ䡣
ʮͻȻнѪأһͬһոűήѪɫ֮
״ҲɶݣԤϵҪѳûֹΪֻΨһعޣһҲˣôýͬѡ
ϹѪɫŵʿǹ̾ΪǺͬΪˣǾ
˹һƣİµ۹ȫ¶צ֮¡ʱҲ¼λϢ۹žƽȲ١
дʤ֮ɨҶɨŰµ۹򣬱ưµ۹Ǳǣټͽ˺޹˼ɵɱŰµ۹ĸ߹٣µ۹ҡҡ׹˵ʱ

ͬѪ֮ص˹ȣ³ǵҹɫЩȣȴǳǳ죬»࣬ߵɳ̲֮к紵飬˲³˶̸ɳ̲ϳߣΪ³еһɫ˵ǲ˼ġ
յĹ룬յɫĹħɢ͵عâһȴðײҲҵЩ졣
˹ҹأҹʲô£˵ʵҷǳϰߺһ˶һңǸ˻һʵҡһ̲סˣϼһز˵ƫƫ۷Źط񺮡
˹ʱͨΪһ֪֪׵ǰҲòװŪ
ҴӦѾˣӦҵʲôʱԶأ˹˵ţֳ˿ȵĹâ
˵ƵɣùҿɡһٺЦЦ˵
̻ЩɣƿѾĻһġ
ôңˣԼģ˭ҲǷ˭ˡһʣתҪߡ
ȵȣô᲻أ˹ڨڨһЦͳӸһҲһ˾ܣѾ˹̽硣
һץŶƣʶеĹٿȻӾתϼðӨӨ⻪
˹һ󼤶Ϊһ֪˷Ҫ֪Ū¶ûһ㷴Ӧ
ôǲ֪ƴˣ˹һץסһֱۣʱһϲ̰ǰαװıˡ
ιιңҿɲǱһƶ˹ʱ鲻һпĹ̻ʣҲ⸱ԡ
Ϊʲôҿɲ֪λҸͷԣҸ㣬вӵƾͿԵģҪ齫֮ӡȻҲǺôõ񴫳еģԼͬ⣬ҸܵõСһ˺˵
˹һʵ񣿡
ϻȻܹͨұƣҲӦ֪еɣ֮Ǿ͸ϡһʼ˵⵹ǾԵ滰
ǣȥҹأ˹ԳΪʹʱȴΪμա
ҵľ飬˵ľ߹֮Сһһ˵
˹ʶػŴǾ޴Ĺ񣬹һݣʲô
֪ľЩˣûҾͳȥˣⳤҹҹɫˣɵʲôǹҹɫһٺЦתҪȥ
ʱ˹еͻȻ漴ƮڿƵתš
ΰĹ񰡣ϵĽͽĵ棬λҡ˹ϲһڵء
һعһĪǹĸڴеߵ֮ϡ
ȻͻȻɳ˴һ˹ҲȥǹƻΪһ׹˹˵Ĺ
ɡһһ亹ĪйǸǵʱѾͷ򡭡
Ǽ٣ʮƣΪϲߣһתŵĨͱߡ
ֻһո̤һͻȻȫһֳһ׹⣬СϻСһХشӿռѷƮ䣬ֻɫӱ۵⡣


467 ϷŮ


СϻХò䣬Ƥë֣ͷ򶥶˵ĹЩһɫ¶ɻ飬һͺСȵزһСȡ
⡭ô£˹Щηʵ
ô֪ҿö˵ĹǱǸ壬ɲһĺðҲˣǹԼߵģÿͰλˣҳȥɡһָָ˵Ĺ˵
˹þŹĵһֽ̽⿪Ȼ˽öˡ
һɾͷҲصرСܣ˭֪᲻ǺأȻΪʵ´ȥãô׶Ըģ⿴֪ˣԼװеκһء
һڿзһʱ䣬ػʹģʱȴͻȻ뵽ӣǸе쳣ϤŮӣ벻𵽵
ͺɧסһôȥҵ˳ӦúİɡһһתƵŴ̸ȥ
ζͬľɫ˴͸˯ӵߣǸһ޵ĳһаţɼΡ
ֻǺ¶ĥƫƫ˾ǲһô⡣ŸոշûԶһɺ嫵Ʊǵش˷ѹ
һһ̰Ȼһ͡Ѹһε뾫֣ѹΡȻȴ԰ԾģǸܱ֡һ֮ΪֵĲࡣ
˭װBүһһָѹбϷĸ߿ȥ
һֻѹһᣬоһϢԶȥ
һü빴үүƫϵһû׷ȥǺϾƮڿС
ȻϢûһͣ漴ۻءһԼһģΡ
ûֵˣȻҸһضһȴʮִ³
һĩԺٷóһۡôӦòʶ
үҿˣ㹴ġһٺЦ
㡭㵽׸ǻֱð
˭֪ҪȥʲôطҿǴУһǿô죿һֱŮӦûʲôĻ֣ɶЩ档̲סҪ
޳ػ쵰һҪÿŮӵֱѾˡ
ҪѾ˧ùûˣٺÿһЩŮ񲻶ΪҲ費˼룬ѹ̫ˡǸ˺ÿɡһЦþûôˣоͦ
Ůû˵бһƽ˹
С˴ģĪɫף͵úúṵ̀ܽϷŮѸһʱŮʧȥȤƳǷֱ治شСأڻ𱩵ƢĸİɣҪȻô֮Ϊĸأ
㡭㡭һ׵ٶʱ˵ܵһسӣ͵͵˭֪һغϾͲ㱻һѪ
ҵˣ֪ѹôôأҲȫ㣬ŴӵĻɫĴɫҵŮ˾Ͳˡһҡͷ̾
׵ٶҪˣ˼ɣʱ͹ȥһ١
ǶͣѲɿˣŶ֪ˣɫ˰ɣѹˣụ̂һ̾ȴЦˡ
һֻܱ߿һ֪ͣĸҲ뾪ˣ˲³ǡ
ٷ˺һһƮƮؽһɽϣȻŰ۾ܵСϻС
ˣˣ̣뱨ƵܷһЦݣһһ¸ŻеСϻĵӡ
һһԶһĸ߻𱩵ŮӣֻŽɫۼףˬӢ񣬲תʮ㣬üһƬĩ˻ĽɫƬ޷һŮƢô𱩡
ô᣿һŮӲᣬ鼰ʶʮŮģ˵ӵôҲɡ
ɫף̫񰡡һǰʵ
ס׵ٶŭ˵һĩŮ˵Ǳ˵ףֱǳ衣
ԭǣ˵ɫôôƯôأһٺЦ
Ǹ³ǵĽ㡣׵ٶʶ˵
㣿ʲô֣һЦʡ
ҽСҽʲô㲻Ҫ֪³ˬɣҾҪٱر㡣׵ٶ㱻һŪȥˣٳôһĶأ
¾Ҫʧˡһһֳһ˿⣬һûʲôøУҪٱ򱶱Ǹ峤ء
׵ٶһֻ˹ĥĽһܱߵĿռ䶼ŤΡ
谭أ⽻͸һȴ£ֻӰڽӴһɲЩƮ漴ֱʵ
С㼤ҵİɣ̶ֳȵĻһٺٳ׵ٶЦ
׵ٶ𻰣˫ֽ棬ָֽâǿҵħⷽؼŰ´ؿʼ˷ľɣʯ䡣
ɢһվĵطݵصףʯѳСɽħȷʵǿ
һɽʯ䣬һĩرЦ׵ٶǰħҪǿЩʯǿħܽþ飬ѪҺ
աһով㰵һһִֻĲָĽɫָףն֮
һһĴǯס׵ٶȻ֮»ھЩ飬Ӧñ䣬һħ䣬ּǿħ̬ΨһĲҲˣԱԵ޹ؽҪ
׵ٶһ˿ȣһྐྵȻ˵³ǲûпʵ
ǿʤԣұȵĻռ޴ƵǿɾͶˡ
׵ٶһˣС뱩һ嫵ľâǰǴһĲƤ
һˣ¶׵ٶǰֺ
ʱ׵ٶ̵ͦƨͻȻһתɲǼйͣ岻һ˹ȥ


468 ҧľ


һҲǼȻôűСͶͱˡ׵ٶйɫָ֮УôӲײһĻС
һȻûʶô󣬲ɲ䵹һ§׵ٶСڵϣ촽ɲǼ촽һɷϢʱƴ䡣
뻳һŸо׵ٶǾ˵뵯ԣǰһԱ鼷ѹţ겻ѣȻƢ˵㣬Ŀû˵׵ٶĽɫۼײһԼӲůӦۻûɡ
ãһо׵ٶƺûлع񣬱ֵö౧һֻΪʵش̽Ǳϣһ࣬ʮ㡣
Ȼ׵ٶһеһƬ̺죬ϵĽγǿҵĶԱȡ
һ𣬺׵ٶָԼĴٺЦҪ׾˵αǿأ
׵ٶȻƢ𱩣ȴһĸ˼ǧ껹û̸˵أ˵Ҹÿʼһˣֻһǵٵģк忡ܻȻ幫ò绨ֻҪһжԶԶĸһƬհףĩ鰮ζ
ûУ͵Ϯ׵ٶͺЩ߳ŭˣ۾һƤëСϻСովɵĶײ߹ƨϣһʱй
͵Ϯһ˵ʲô¶ûСа͵ЦСķɣûˡרĵط֡
ҽˣͶͱҲûʲôáۡҪȴкðɡһܿ׵ٶļ߽â۴е
׵ٶԹ˴бѣռ˱˻˵ԼĲǣˣһＸͽⲻԼͷ֮ޡ
׵ٶϽһɲʱ仯Ϊ׾ǿ״ֻ̬ԭʱܴﵽ۷塣
һһ׵ٶΣ֪ԭεعжôǿΪǿһƾճ׵ٶϿգҪ«ưȥ
׵ٶʵɷܸܵ³ǿɱȡһУҲ֣Ҳһֱ꿴۵ԭ֮һ
һոսӽ׵ٶǿŤļлգ˶ء׵ٶԸһ޴Ľɫβſ񱩵ɨٶȼﵽ˼¶γһԲ׵Ķͨͨ˲ը÷飬һβСɽ¸Ϊƽء
һڷɶһ׼õѹϵħ˹ȥ漴ɫħһѤĲʺһն׵ٶغۡ
׵ٶӴڿзƣѹϵħǿΧը˲һħ׵ٶһھ޴Ϣ
ϢԪܲըʽϵħںϵħˣƾ
һ壬һ޻صӲϢ֮У߲ħǽ񱩵Ϣ˿ֱϮ׵ٶʺµۡ
ۣ֮ҲΨһ㣬Ƿħĵط
ĻĽһһȴ׵ٶǧһ֮ʱۣ߲ܿħ·һϸϸĿӣѪ˿
׵ٶһƲˣŭˣΪһΪһϡ
̾һεס񱩵ѹһ壬ֱƺѹһţĸͬϷ
һһƬԴŵ׶׵ٶܲ͸磬ƽ˾ļѹѳһˣһȴҧţʼ׵ٶʶ
һľǿ󣬾׵ٶҲֱ棬֮²˼֡һû׵ٶþȫһס
㣬õôƴ𣿡һﰵĻһ𣬾Ϊϸܵľ׵ٶ
𡭡׵ٶֻһ޴ĴʹɿһһڿзڣԽԽ
һûĸ湻񱩵ģѾˮˣȫԸԾֶΣһжַͻΧֻǾȻе³ԸֱʻĿθ
һ׵ٶƵĽգһţز߶ʮһҧ˹סԼ
һҧ֮¾ȻЧˣ׵ٶһ̾ɢ
ʱСתΪ̬׵ٶ
׵ٶڿзȦϽһ±Σסؿڣϴ˿˿ΣΪһСЩίҡ
һ׵ٶסʵزԺаһѿʵҸղҧظ
׵ٶüһһĿֺҧĵطظΪ֮оǿңǱΪκǸоˣʹ
һ̲סЦǴĲٿ˵
׵ٶƽһ飬ʹNСϻһ˿ֵ飬ɵʵǹʥޣôħɭһǸ࣬йƣ
һ׵ٶ˵ħɭʵʶôã
û͵ǸҸʶԻʱ֪ģΪʲôãԴԼ밡׵ٶ˽ѵһʵҲвһӲͷһ̨ף˳ݶ¡
ĸĹùðɣһһ˵˵һĹ׵ٶΪʣôҲǹˣڵӦû߽ܡ
㻹ûңҼǵСʱù÷ǳҵģ͵ȥ桭׵ٶЩ룬˿ûʶ˵Ķոҵش򶷹һҧϡ
ô֪֪븸ǲǻţһʵһ£ô˵ҲԼѡ
ӦûţǱǷֱصˣÿ׶Ĵ̹ǵ񷣣Ǳ˴˷ǧˣȻڣ׵ٶЩ˵˵Ȼ޷Ϊʲôùûᰮħһ壬ȴΪǼ겻İжгһԼҲôһݰ飬ԷҲ֮УôҲȻ޷˵ȥ
ţһһϲ֪Ϣǳ˰ɡ˼һһͻȻ˵Сĸ벻


469 Ϊε椶


׵ٶЩɣϾĩҲħһѪҺѪԵϵȴȽΡ
ΪĹ˳谮֪ж࣬һֱڳгɳʹζ޷ġһ̾һԺиֳһžǿ̵֮׵ٶ棬׵ٶĸȻϢԸͨ׵ٶеĳޣ޿ԳΪһ˵ĶҲ׾ٵشݻһˡ
׵ٶЩӣϾùú͹ø״ԼĸʼһɵģЩ̿֡
ã׵ٶһ¶˾ģҪ뵽ȹùüøİ취Ҳ˵
һЦŵͷһȴôһ⣬׵ٶӾ峤Щһ㣬ħһҲûбֳʹı飬ЩĽ׼֮İ顣
һߣ䣬ϵ￪ӡĴħ
ֻð׹һһռѷϢһѿһֻ˶ɵĹޡ৵һźڽۼףһͷɫ㷢ƮƮռѷٿȻһȫȻһֻƴСĸɭŲԶ׵ٶ
סʱһŴͻȻ֣Өһûüһ۵СŮͻأس֣ϻɢŵζôβһһؿڡ
ףסСŮһĽСͣһؿڲ䰡ġ
椶һЩȻŻֻƯСŮޣ˵֮󷽿ɻ椶òƲżɣҿӸСûһ
椶ס椶һֱֵۻסһĲӣĴ۾һһǺɫģ峺ףһ̶ˮ̫ɰˡ
һƺûһС椶ӿһ޷͵ľϲӴͷСٱɰСŮʶһԼŮޡ
ô£椶ôôͻˣһϲʵ
䱸ؿ˿ͬһϲ֮׵ٶ֪椶һصħɭûñ㻯ˡ
̫ɰˡұ׵ٶʵ̲סˣȻĸһôɰСŮʵûʲô椶Ҳá
ǰǷצ׵ٶǰ˭ܵĻ͸Ͻ
Ŀɭ䡣Ȼһ߼һʮ־㵡ĵ׶һʹһԶûκαʾ
á׵ٶ㣬櫹ùõֶŮ׵ٶŻϢ˵
׵֣˵ŮӾ׾˾ˣҲǵŮˡ
ٴ̧ͷӱ䣬޶ЩŤҧǺþ˾˵ŮǸ齫Լƽΰ
ǵģпԵġ׵ٶƢȻ𱩣ʱȴԵò֪롣
˵ˣҲҲ㣬ҪҶ֡ȫƱһᷭ֡
׵ٶУȴ¶ĿһԱ椶һʶرΪܹ
һʼ磬ſһΣ׵ٶϾǴᣬѿڵ˵ĸĸȻأûΣա
ֻһ仰ɷɲǼֱЩΪĵرĸİΣ֪ǻȻ࣬׵ٶĿҲô̡
һ椶׵ٶѰһط£׵ٶĳӦһλᣬϾҪؾȳĸĸǼ죬׵ٶ幫ʲôĶǳϤܰ£æٺòˡ
׵ٶ˵˵ûа취ȳĸĸһʵеС椶֪ʱѾ˯ȥ
׵ٶɫΣյĵطڴʮأҾ˵ΣķǼҸʽȥҪϹſɽȥҪȻ·һ
ĵص֪𣿡һϰԵظ°͵ĺʵ֪ؽ͵Ȼ취ؽĸȳ
ֻ֪֪ҪõûܣΪҪȡҪߴϵϵӡʵӡȡá׵ٶε˵
ǿɲɽ͵ʱѶ׵ٶ˵⣬ϾܹԼȳĸ
׵ٶҡҡͷ˵ӡӡղصģǵʵѴﵽ۷壬ʸǴﵽʮûдﵽĻʼ֮ķԱƵġ׵ٶǿʵ˵ʵʵһе֣ǰȴʲôҲǣһצɽķɵϣпͻƻʼ֮Ϊ
һüͷô˵дװʵҪȻܺӲӲ
ȻȻ֪һʼ֮ζʲôǿֻһ֮ңĴ˵磬ʲôȥԿ
һ仯УסС֣ٺЦͷˣɲʶӲӲʵʱʱ޴ѡʤǿʤǲŽд
оһдݹů֮¸ǻĸмһΨһѣȻƽʱûΣʵʱԶʵ֣ǡô಻һˡ
ͷһЦݸ޵ڣûн˵ɣ֪ʱһĿôһ
׵ٶϣһæ֮ߴϼ㸸ʵϰŪпɳ֮һһ׵ٶ磬Сһͨۡ
֪ˣҸûȥˣ̫ûᱻֵġ׵ٶվѾζðùüøȳ
֮ʣվͻȻס׵ٶ֣ϵ˵׵ٶ㣬лл㡣
׵ٶǷһĨõ΢Ц˵㵱ȻҪˡ˵꣬һ֣ŽͷյһУ˯С椶һ£Ϊһʧʡ
Сĸʱͦɰģһ׵ٶʧķʱһƳػڰ


470 ɱ


ֵҹɫ¸㱼侹ƿƬ޾Ĵ沨
ʱ֮ϣ׵ٶĽ䣬̽ͷ̽ԵԱߵľ޴ɽ
㣬ɻˣΪұ𣿡³Ǵһ֧˳⼸ľĺţ±׵ٶ͵˳ʱ֮ǰΪȺζ
׵ٶ³ǽһصɽܼܵһģǾʱһ̳˵ϡ
㣬㲻һ𣿡³żֹ
˵ʲôǲҸɹǰ׵ٶüһʱŵ³ǲٿ˵
³ӣ׵ٶصͷһһˣһǼһǰʹϣˡ
׵ٶСִ³ǵļϣչͷ˵װĵܵܣڽҪһæ㲻ܾɡ
ʲʲôæ³ǵľʵ˵̫ˣǱ׵ٶĴסˡ
׵ٶ³ǶһֹǻӢ̱÷ף㣬бȥòãһãƨҪˡ
㲻ӦŲھƨɿ׵ٶݺݵ
³ᣬͻȻղŵ׵ٶûشأֵҴӦ㻹𣿲㵽ûаҽѵСӣ
׵ٶһͣһЩ߳ŭһ³ǵԴӲһңǰɣǸһȻôӣǱҽѵù񺿡ǿмֽŷŹ׵ٶԽ˵Խ飬˳̨̨ҪȻ˭ѵ˭˵ء
ģҾ֪ġ³ϲһ㱻ĸѵûиϢָ
ˣʱҲˣȥϢסҽ飬˿ôʰ㡣׵ٶвɽȻ󳤳һϣԶҪ𴩲źá

һС椶ص۹ʹҪħɭ֣һһͨȰ˵ټС椶뿪һĻԥһ±һߡǱʲôϢҲ֪
ǷǳӭԸͷħʱҲʱְæСƯɰС椶ҲȱʮϲС椶ܾûмһôҲǱ˯ʱҲǰռһĻСǳζůĻ֮ǰɶġ
ȥˡΪҴҶæתŮԽԽôһ£Ǵ黹̸£ôһӶصζ˿ĸ޼ܵٹӵһ̨ܺҲ˹ǱһŮ֮ͳεʵ
⼸աһǴ󲿷ʱ䶼С椶СﶼŲ³ƺƽ˾һȥ̸ȴľ̲ڡֵµ˵ҪһʱŻ̻ʲ˹ϲû˶ҹڽöǹǰɣҲ룬Ĵڣô׵ؽλиλǹʲô
ƻʱ֣¶ʼ䣬ʱҲһ֮дʱڼһǷ׷ѡʱ͸͸
һʱֱС椶ǣСڲ³ǵĴСεš
ף椶ոսһֻ˶سһ˵
ܳԶٰһ·˰ֻʮ±ˡСһŴһ޹椶Ĺĵ˵椶˶٣СƨǴСеһеעԴˡ
һɽһʳҲԳ¡һٺЦ椶ʳǼʶģʮֻٽħ¶Ҳֻǵ׶ѣ椶ƺʲôԳԣֻҪĶһ¡
СԻǵġСֹһĴ֣ȴ룬ҳ˽ӣСͳҵŮʱ򡭡
һǲ֪С뷨һһ߹۲ܣʱ۹ľѾȶǵ»صĹϡĴسеĹѹŵ̲ˣµϸº˺ܾãվЩˣҰûдֻڴʱ䱩¶ж
֪ߵ˹ãΪ˹Ĵÿﲻеͽ֮¹ڽù㳡ϵ棬ڽ̵
һ̧ͷö˵ĹЩСתҪˡ
үʱһϤ
һͷĸ¼볯ķȻ֣һȴһϳǰıʥ뿭գִֻСȴȱ˶ܰ
ʥ룬Ҫȥһعһ
ߵѾˣǴعܻᡣЦ
ȻǾͲˣһ·ߣСĵϵʯͷһٺЦ
һһͲ뿪ı飬вƣתȻˣԼôĹħƽľΪؼôôױӰأ
ʱյĿһǷ۵СŮЩ죬ʵСŮ˭úƯ
Ůһʼ˵
ʱ椶ҲһĻף
һ죬ϸϸ椶ϴоһص¾СŮ򵥣̽Ե΢ľ̽˹ȥ˭֪ոմһйǧıӿȥŵæǿжϡ
椶תͷſգ۾¶һĲ⣬ȻոտյľҲʳˡ
һһжٺЦЦ棬治ɱèҲɱˡ
һ¶˸
үԭոս̻ʱ»ȥһӽɱ忭һһ˵
˹ңһʶسڶȴֱ̻ڹͽ֮ǴɡҲ֪һ˹ĹϵǳҲû̫ķӦ
һԥһ£˵ʵڵģȻ˹ǻĹϵȴ֪ڸ˹򽻵ߵÿһı˾Ǹ׵׵ķӣӷûɵġ
һ̫椶ΨһĵľСΣϵĺԵס󲿷˵Ľڲ˹ǰһ
һЩʱһȻһذ׵ĶܰԶƮȻ


471 ǹ


ܰĩʥ뿭һлعܻᣬҲֻǿʹѣָֻʥŮװ硣
ûжͣ붫ܰһк¼Ҵȥ
ܰһȡһסɿһĶܰ
ܰŲ΢΢һͣվͣתȻһʲô£
һﰵ̾ȻܰװüΪ⣬һ˿ȴε̫źۼ˹ȥ˵ȥҲ˹һ£СѾͷȰտһ¡
򡭡β鲻ԸػȴһϵˣһСཱུϸߡ
ܰҪؾȴԼѾصͷˣֻ˫ֽС椶뻳УС椶ȥֵûп顣
أܰڱס椶ʱһĴһϸ΢ĵɲʱֱ֣ļĸо鲼ȫЩ۵ģʹĻϯơ
ܰعʱһѾ̤˽֮УֱͦļɽһͣƺԶƬء
ʲôܰȻҡҡͷһӰѾʧǰƺЩʧ䡣
ˣҽѾˡϲϲ£ڵģγŶܰ飬һƲ
ܰ৵һ°عú˵Σ˭ϲˣϹ۾Żϲ
һغû뵽ܰķӦô󡣴־ԼûбҪͷߵ㱾Ϲ۾ԼƭԼ涪Ů˵Ҳأ椶ߡ
˵ǰ椶嶫ܰͷת뿪˹á
ܰãҧҧȥΣӦһһ

̻ʾ棬үɡ뽫һ˹õĶһ˵΢΢һˡ
һȱպϵʯţʯŵŽ̻ᴫ˵һЩͼģħһ֪ÿõض϶Ὠôһʯҡν̻ʵľס֮أΪʲôҪǾͲö֪ˡ
һŴ˰ΣֵסʯƿһȦȦ͵Ĺδ͸˳
ʯȫ򿪣ò˹ƯڿУһȦȦĹαǴɢģ̲żȵعħԪء
һ̤룬ʯԶպϡʱ˹Ҳ۾Ʈ䣬ƽĿ֪ͣαƵߣһҲҪŪȥˡ
̻Ҳ֪к£λеҿΪˡһһߴʯһ˵
㵱Ȼ£ûзʯʲôͬ˹עһʵ
𣿡һʼһĵӡ
򡣡˹΢Ц˵ָᵯ˵ϵ
ΣһŲ˹ĻĶܾһ˵Ĺо
ûΣ뿴㴫еļֱ¡˹һ˵꣬ͻȻ˫һӣռһɲǶʯҵĸͻȻֳĸ޴ĹУ˸Ŵ۵ذâĸͬķϮһ
һһԼȫãҲʩŲֻϵһ׸ʮףĵиʵˣķѲɡ
ĵ޴Ĺգ۾͵ǰһȫҧգ뵽̻ʻʵ
ʱһʶеƾתһɫӡһüиֳһɲǼ䱻ϹâΧʱĵѴŸѲ֮ײ
һȻһֻȫΣ·𱻽һ𣬺ͷһѹѪ˿漴һůůϢȫɫϵħڻڣ·Լ˶ϵħԪؾ鹹һ㡣
ȵʼӯȫһüĵӡ貣һյصĸоһֱʹ
һϹâȻԼ϶һɫؼףǺصʸУصķģӯſ׵֮һ˵һܴϵףȻֻһؼףһϲ޷ˡ
˹һϵؼףȴͻأֳһĨ˸Уƺ׷¡
Ҫ̫磬ȻãƾʱԼԦؼֻΣͷѡ˹һĩ˷л񣬲ˮ
ƺӦ˲˹Ļһüĵӡǿʼ䵭ûһϵҲٿȻڡ
һо׶Ҳ֮ʱвɿһƬӵйǿô꼻һأǾΪѾʶǿ罣񣬷ͷħЩǰ̫Сˡ
һ죬ҶҪװȫ𡣡һʧаģӴ֮Ŀһ
ʱһʰ飬̧ͷֱŲ˹һ⣬Цʣ㲻ǲ˹㵽˭
ڲŷǲЩٶأ˹Ц
²ݣǴ˵еĹɣһߵ˹ǰЦʣ䲻аٷְٵİգа˳ɿǹ
˵أ˹ЦʱӦó֮Ϊˡ
òһ˵ϻģڰ˵ϡͿģͽеҰɡһ߽˵ĺ֪絽һɣߴֵ׷Щʲô
ĿҡͷЦ֪в֪ĵԺ׵ģҵŲ˶ˣ˶ԻὫ廹ڲ˹ʶ֮ж˵ֽţ˺ʮٳǰΪ֮ɡ
ι㲻ôǰ㲻˵Ҿ˳ùЩ¡һƵв
ھУЩ鲻־Ϊתơ˹Цֽ޼ͷ°
һͫȻŴһ㵣⶯Ҳ̫ŮԻˣѲǶϱɽģǹŮˡ
˹һı飬ҲԼĲףæְ
ʱһʶͻȻһɫĹͻȻʼһƺʯҵĿʼһɫĹâӲ˹Ϸɳ˲һüġ


472 


ɫĹâһ壬һȫ㱻һӨӨĻ⸲ǣ漴ɫâ͸ɫӨ⽻ݡ
𡭡һХСϻСƾճ֣֫ŵأͷХöȻ˼£·ĤݵǻΪˣӵųȥ
һһʯ֮ڣ׹ɢ
һСԴ֪ΪӦƲųֵģֻǹΪνƸԼأ
һҪʣ˹ׯϵص˵ãɣҸʱҪˣھͳȥɡ
һһ˿ɻ󣬵Ҳû˵ʲôСʯҡ
һʯŽסһŤͷеĻһ賤СԴ૵СǹʥޣΪʲôûһ㷴ӦѵΪԵ𣿡
Сɻһ˻漴ȵزһĴ֡

һ˽һ˳£ƺ˵ǹ϶صĺ¡
һͻʯͷϣִһ֦дд
ǲǹأһ⣬˵Ӧòдģǿֲ򡣳УʵԶһ񣬳˹˭ܴﵽ̶ֳأ
ֻһǾЩ̫ԾΪʲôСϻûһ㷴Ӧأ˵Ϊƺеǣǿ뵱ǹ񿴵СϻʱֻЩ죬û¶Ӧе顣СϻͲǹʥޣҲ˵ͨȻǹʥôԹǿҵķӦأ
ԽһԼԴ˵ʱһƮ⺣йϵħеתţԵøоԼڵĹħԪǿࡣ
һЩƣԴ磬һֱΪԼԼˣڳ֮⣬ʱŷȻ֡ͲܶյĳղսУһֱƶĩ֪ǧ˿͵ϵ˵е磬֮ǡصһһε֮С
ˣˣȻһöӺƮϪˮȣߵǿ⾳ڲ֪еطաˬ
һʱָоǴ΢ЦĿЩ벻ͨͷŰɣܻˮʯһ졣
ַڿ裬ͷѤáһչᡣѰȥںϵĳб˵ġ
һ̤˶Уࡣ룬ҹɫںԧϷˮӦһǳɡ
ʱһͣƯں֮ϣЩϲؿŲԶؾɫֻһ㱡ˮĻΧһԲȦתɫǹӨӨһһĹâͬˮĻϵǡ
УһıӰ֣裬öָʶ
ãһˣ֮Ȼƶߣ˻ζ
תˮĻͣ䣬ӳرһͷĽɫ㷢źرио
㵯̫ˣүһһžžЦܹÿ춼һǿޱȵء
תͷ䣬Ц⵴Ȼϣûˡ
һĿ¶⣬Ŀ¶绨ЦգƵϻһЦ徵ŮӾŮҲ̫˷ˣΨһźֶֻܶţܹԵ
ү۾˵е߲ٻΪһʺû
۾оϲɣʲôأѲҪ͵͵Ǳүһ£һɧЩڴر۾ȴŹ۲졣
һֱվ˺ϣӯת˹ٵ㷢˦ͷƮظһӣòһӿ˿˿Ĵıо
ү۾ɡЩ
һڵ˫ĿŶ顣һĿ£ССֽһȻǲ촩þȻ¶װ׹⻬СǼƷ
ȵȣһȻգգ۾۾¶ĽСȣԲ޳һˮһ㣬Ө͸ֺֻߵؽһ𣬼Ϊɰ˼УûУһŮ˸һ˫ɰĽѾӣֻУôнأ
޶˵أһǰǸͯ㹫ɫץס˫磬ʵô£βΪʲôȣ
ƺһķӦŵˣӯӯ޴ҡΪϲģ
һʱŷԼƺеˣһ͵βͱ˫ҵȻϲֻ㣬㵱ȻβͶȣҲϣΪҵϲ˺Լ顣
ŵһΪΪϲ»ָЦݣҲû˺Լأ
㡭ô£һһȣһڿˮʱֻΧһɫȹӣסȣʵ
ߵȣһɫɫĿ⣬ʵڳ֮βͶԱ˫ȵģֻǱȺòħûʲôӰģ졭ҳӡ
ǾͺãԭҵСˡһЩ棬ָ˸㷢
۾һҲ֪뵽ʲôͻȻͺˡ
ҵС㣬ôˣһǺ棬׷ʵ
Ʋͷ˫סҪ
һȴˣ⿪Сһһֹ°ͣõͳɤ˵˵ȻүҿԴƨ˰
СԴһĻУ۾ΰ૵үڿΪ㻳ˡ
һһ㵣һڿˮûҭС˵Ϊһ˼˵Ժ𽵹ˮ֮
үǺߵصȴһĻӦɰһʯһ޷Ӧ
գǻʲôһһֿڣСĺ촽


473 


ʲôǵģӦû֪ϾֻһԶѣȴôһָоԶԸѣֻģʯãʱƮ˳֮ӵŵһĸо
Ҫ˵ҲǷ־ģԸΪ˺ͣĻΪʵʱΪʱʱ˺ȫʱŽи߾ǣǾϻ϶һߵܡ
ޱߵĴ֮ϣǳ֮£⾳͸ټŻȵģܲأ
ʱƺһֹ̾ǽͷò׷ĭˡ
¶ߣʼͣһ˱࣬ԲѣŴǽɫȹ̽˽ȥָиһȹǹĲһƣǸǡ
С㣬Ȼڿ㡣һƿ촽ͳЦ
ųȵǱҪ´ʱȴޱȣ룬⵴ߺߵҵβ͸ոջΪΣڿ㰡
һĴ̽η䣬ٺЦûãʡ鷳
ʱ̱Ҳ뿹һԣҹʹĵһޱظһⱾ崫Ĺϰס
һһ§סһһӣӴˮϵħԪйһźɫˮĻΧΧҹｫǵĶԺΪΪʹӴ˿̿ʼ
㴩ԸСһ㣬һƮɶ£ǰͦ߳ĻΣɷˣ۵麬ţ׵ؼãѩаȻŵĺ÷߹һǿҵ
һħצһ飬޼ɵ󣬿任Ÿ״ǱǶǿеӾ
ŮǸԵĶֻҪ鵽ŨǱһܣڶʱǸйٶӾĴ̼ܹǿҵؿС
үСһĸĿУͬ׵˳ˣ궼ƺƮ
Сһǿҩһɲʱǿ˶壬βסطӺסһ˱˫سȥСһ߲
һǿس̡С㽿һ۽һ§סɢҸĹʡʹʹһǹ̵ĻȣһĵĽȴãϵʹھϵҸǰԵô΢
֮ո죬ǹ⿪ʼգۣûˡ
ɫ͸һļϣһȸһʵشϣһһգˮźããеҡһ㣬оʮ
һɢաĽɢȻֿʼˡʵĻûгֻǳԼҸ֮С
غ֮𣿡һͻȻʵ
šͷſˮ˵ȻǱģкĸҴӳڴ󺣸ƮغȥֻǱ̷ư˵ҵֻŴһȥ
һ⻬˿ķ۱ЦʲôѾˣܵ½ȶʱѾﵽˣʱҲ˿Уһȥòã
ԶʱСŹ⣬æʸصͷЦݲ⣬һЩˡ
һϲЦЦǻЦЦЦҲϲŮ˵Цݣ÷գǧϲĪ˫Цˣرٲʮżǰ¶ǳǳ΢Ц紺⣬ʱ˾޲ѡ
Цȴһζ⣬޼ɵرԼĿ֣źʣûκεʣһȥ㱻
үҸһϰòã
ϰһЩ⶯һη½أͬηɲĴһ㡣
ڿ˫ߣû˻֪Ǻ˵ġָԼ˫Ө޳˫˵
ϰ̷ư̻ͬ𣿡һЦʡ
϶ͬ⡣Щй
ͬ⡣ʱԶźɫ㷢Դˮ˳һֱһ˳۵ı̷ơ
һһæó·ϣˮĻڵҲֻܿһӰѡ
˴ȥˮĻñ̷ƺСƮˮǣŮЩ͸죬֪һĺˡ
̷ựͬˣε̷Ƶ߿ĵ
̷ƳؿԼһִ幫̾СѾˣĹأʲôȥɣֹ̲㣬ֻĸԶ񣬰òϰߡ
ֻ֪ҪүڣʲôҲ¡ᶨ˵һĿΡ
̷΢ЦŵͷתһҾͽˣϣ㱣ڲŮˣͬϣ𣿡
һ֣µصͷӦУףͷİɣһͷġ
Ǿͺá̷ƵĺɫԼЩʪ֮Զһ̬ȺҲΪѾһиŮ˶Ů̬ȸıֱԭ
ҪءС״Ӻ˳ɲ̷ס˵˵ű
ǸԵˣһС׿ޱҲᣬһԵһЦãֲ𣬿ֻǸȥ³ǶѣֻҪͷַӵ顣
˱ͷʹޣ̷ȴĵεһߣʾԶЩ
ر𣿡һЦű̷ƣ˵ʵ񴿴Ϊɷ˵Ҫ֮Ȼˣվڱ̷Ƶ˵ûΪһԱˣֻþһа취նΣȫأͨһ㣬һԱ̷ƱתΪȻʱϲϷϷһ˱ʹȻ
̷ƽ̧ˮ棬סȭͷһǰ̯һƬɫĶ͸˵ȶ
ھͽ㱣ܣӡϹŷڵӣѪڣֻҪ֪еķΣͷõϡ̷˵ŽһĦ֮ɫһ
һֹȴ̷ƻִϣΪʲôžͺá
һҲƴǣƴǱԵýˡ
Ҫúչˡ̷ѵõĳһЦЦ
һģġһű̷ƵЦݣȴûɵľ֣ΪʲôĻЩйµζ档


474 ۹⿴


ĳӺһȽȽ𣬽Ⱦ˹Ļɫ峿ˬɾȡ֮ȣȵһֿʼˡ
عͷԶȻı̷밢̣֪ΪĸоǴС󶼴û뿪˵Եðɡ
ʱһС·Ϊ鲼ƬʵһΪѣȥǾԲܵģСģ˿ȥ񲻿ˡһӿռָóһ°׵ĳɱ̷С֮£ûһĳܴĳ롣һɲʱһòƷ˵湫ӣһͷɫ㷢Ժ󣬺ɫ۾峺͸۵ơ
ȻһֻҪ۾˶ܲµŮҵС㶼ϲװҡУ˻ᾪӦòر֡
̷С׸ˮ棬һʧǵǰþûлع
Сײ˲۽ǣʵ̷ựĲȹȻүϾ࣬һʲôίҲҲߡ
̷鸴ӵرò̾һСףػᣬѲϣƫƫϽʯ߾ȫں̲ٿʱϻȥʱӣ˵лȥ¹عˡֻʱίˡ
ǣһʱҲô죿С׵ǵ
ԭȴŵĵط˿ţġ̷˵ʵһְŵģûںƶһпô׵õӡ
ţΪ˹С׾Ҳ¡С׼ᶨ˵
һ˺ʱոϰȴȫĵؿʼŤѧ·˿̷֪С׳溣ѿ뿪ǰغ
ѽôô֣СѾɳ̲ϣСһһߣϾǽź档
𣬱šҪŽ£Ȼһ㡣һŤøһ֫ɿ¿ˮϰ߰ɣǰβŤ·ģõö֫·ҲϰԵŤ֫ȴ֪⶯жôˡ
òףһָ¶ȻСҲûտʼŤˣζȴθĲ
үôߵúòãĵسһЦΪʾԼѾѧˣСһΡ
ܺáܲһͷֹһϽ־ҪסŮٵˣŤŤôÿ˻СȻ£ЩŮӿᲢۡ
ʱȻȣԽ˿˴ġĳȻס˵Ŀ⣬ΪƯЩֵΪտ۾
³ǵǳݺȻһɢ͸޺ϢŮȻеУ׷ײ²һװŮļҹС㡣
һֱۣעӵĿЩߺͻ֣̲̿סкȵĳУطʮ־죬뿴һһ
үΪʲôǿأǲ֪ҲˣĻŵسһ˵
ȻǣΪҵС̫ƯˣǴûпôƯĹȻҪһˡһٺЦ
𣿡͵͵ܵǣֻǶһе̷࣬ư̵òԣҲôС
ڴϹһأһͻȻֿϤر־˷˵˷Ե׷ǳʶŮҲ󶼵£ϰľ̸ֱӳԼˡ
Ϊʲô˶ŮˣŮ֮ĹϵǴŮ˴ĶʿɾЩ΢ˣŮ֮Ĺϵȴ໥ղס˲ܹᵽŮ˵ķΧֻŬ
һ˵֮ĸԣҲһΣյİϷһ֪ľҲ֪ͬ
үʲôأһվ·뿴һ̷ʵ
Ŷ룬ӦԼ·ˡһعЦ˷ȥȻڶ⣬Ҳˡ
һô̴̵߽˷ص̣˿۹⡣
ףүǴλСѡ𣿡һŮӭƺҵƹţƺʶһ³ǵذʶһֲһΪǲ³ǵİղүǻү
ʶңһЩʵ
ǵģϴڴ̸һΣʱүϰȻעƽŮˡŮЦ
һٺЦЦڰֵæк˰ɣҴѡ
ŮЦЦܵԱ߽ȥˡֻһôһڣЩСǽЩҲûһߣ͵͵һ
ʱգһµƺȴ˲ټ֮ʡ
һʵʥħѧԺһ˻֪һʵȴ֪ǳǿǿ󵽺ֵزֻг˲֪ˡ
εϯ½սһµ˫Ӫ˲֪˲µŮʹ˵ûһûнʱյıɱܰԸǼŵ˵˭˵һһ仵˭
һƳ籸ˣôܻǴ˵еĲݰأ˵˴ε۹Ȩ¼һЩԼĻ˾һЩСҲϲȦеˣ֪һЩ˲֪Ҳ֡
үЩǴ𣿡һߵȻƽʱںﴩҲ٣Ƕǲ͸ģ·ǰؿ档
ûÿɡһЦɫʽȤװͻȻһ׵ɫ˿µݵǰ˱ȣЦ׾ʺ㣬ö˿Ƴɣ͸ԼƤûҵʮ㣬нյĸое˿ƵҲǳá
оĿ⣬ڿأȻĩ磬Ҳ֪ŮӵĻ϶ģ˱ܵؾЩ
Ůˣ¡һٺЦ
ү˰һλ󵨵ĹЦŲ
Ȼˣҿ۹ЩƯ£⡣һ治һȻ


475 


Ů˾һ˵ûʲô˼ˣ˷ھһһˣô߰˸Ů˴ճһѣʢ˥Ȼʮ㡣
˵˵һ㱻߰˸СΧ˵еŮӶᱣмɫҪȻһĶˡ
ү㿴Ӧ¸ÿأһĻ𱩵Ĺ󸾴󵨵زͦŤŤߴֲֻŹհɣǰļ㷽ǿ϶Fţֱƫƫϸ˻ŴôôģĪǿһĳ޵ץ񹦵ĺ
һɧĹ󸾣ٺһЦ˳һ׻ɫİ͸װձ˱Цλôõģ͵òˣµͿڵĿʽɲܴóֻôõĲܴﵽºһֻ֣֣Ҫ˾ͻ⡣
˫⣬ɧ콿Цү˵׼ûҪˡ
ˣҿүôһ£ǲǵøл˼Ұһ󸾿Ц
ǰҿ˴үһ۸лһֱɧЦࡣȴһ飬Ȼһһʾ̻ΪĴ
һէ࣬Ļǲֻ֪ʮֲϰ߶ѣЦռЩͷͷı˻ԣȺŮǲܵأ۹أ
ȺŮ޼ɵĵϷһߵС㲻ˣŮֻгԴ׵ԡȻҲ⡣
ߡ΢ŵһȴΧĹСȫһɫɲʱò԰ס
ﻥһۣͻȻ빪һƵĳ˷
βΪ֮Ȼò巨ǿؾΪҲܹͨܵ˵ġ
һѩٺЦСƨɣЩŮһۣ㲻õġ
һ죬һһۣԳ˼ŮԵģһŮ֮оȻһ
ʱ⡣һѩ׼۵ĶܰС椶ڽֵߵĵ˵ƺദûͦǢƺ˻࿴˳š
ܰ㣬˵òÿ˷бһεһͷʵ
ÿǺÿֻ̫ˣ̫ʺ㡣ܰʵʵ˵ΪӦһòκ椶࣬һ·ζ䳰ȷ֪ΪʲôܹƺйˣͻȻһɥԹԵ˵һĸ顣ܰľԼ˹һӱⲻһαŶܰˡ
֪ǽһֱûʶҳˣǲ̫ˡη޷޲ƽ˵ȻظԶûнôΰ󡣵ôһģˡôһӶأ
ȻһãϲŮܰʶ˵
ξ̧ͷ˶ܰһۡߵ㻹˵ϲҽ򣬿϶ҽϲ㣬ΪڸϾͺϲͷǵ˵ϲ
κԣ뵽ʲô˵ʲôǶܰȴһӲ԰ĵ׵һ˿ѷ˼֣Ҵ̫ˣԼԼģϲǲϲѡһ˲ѣȴһѡ
⼸춫ܰΣڤʱҲεľ磬ǰΪ޴ЩԺת
ϲУһ󺰡
㲻ϲÿʱһĵغѹȥ
ʱ򶫷ܰΪԼˣƺڽսʹ಻ԴʱҪ˺һ㡣
ףҪסе椶ͻȻӦʲôͻȻҵ
ܰѣһʱ챻椶޴˫һ飬椶һˤڵأŵöܰλɢ
椶ˤڵȴʲô¶ûһ㣬վײײسŶ˷˹ȥ
ܰνһ˷椶ĵͶְһſĻ
ףס椶ĵؽСԴһţԴ˱Լ֮顣
˵椶һ֮ĸŮϵҲһصԵݣǵõħɭ￴椶ʱôسªʱʶϵĬ޼䣬һط˹ɭɭʱһ
ֻȴ֪ΪΣ椶ȴ쳣ִŵ׽ʱһ֮ʱССίģȴ֪Ǻޡ
ˮռŮЦƵ椶һףȻûգһһͷӣʱһɲ֪椶Сĸʱ椶ӣʱ׿¶ϰɡ
˭֪椶ںСϻһڰ֮꣬ͻȻҡһСֽⷢôõĶԭŮٴμʱС椶ȻֻΪΣ۵ΪɰȻ̬ȥ椶ǷĽ֮ӡһ㡣
һ椶ͻȻдࡣܰλŵظ˽ʱһ㶣椶иܰôǻһ
үŮ𣿡椶ʮֲ죬ûһ˵к˰Ҵ椶ϣоһ˿ϤΪ³ֹԭʮУȴֲҿ϶֮󷽿ɻΪ֪ġ
ǰҵŮ椶ǲǺƯһٺЦ
С椶̧ͷĴ۾Ǿֱ˫ȣһĪСһﻹܿЩʲô椶ֻǺؿ˿ջֺСָһϵĺŴ˵һҪϰٱĻף
ʱȴڴ֮˹ƺڼ䡣Ƕܰһ֮ʶذҪȴŲӡ
ܰллչѾͷȻһ緹ɡһ嶫ܰЦ
ܰһţȴʲôҲ˵ɴҲĿ˸ղ޲ѵϣȻһװ磬ȴȻڲסǾķ绪һ͵ĸоӿһֽмʵٴѹѹס
λ㣬ǲ㣿ͻȻɻض˵


476 ֹ۵ľ


΢΢һܿϸо˺ϢʼŮǵں̲ϾСŮ̷Ϊ˱㽫ֲڣĨȥʱļ䡣
ǵһʱǸСŮ˭ģֻ󣬵СŮѾͤͤŮˣֻŵϤ顣
ҵһ³ǣӦûмɡǲ˵ʵǶεĸо̱
ǾˣܾƺļƵġͷЩʧ˵
òɡһЦŵ˵εСӡ
ʹһҪ飬ȴͻȻһ𣬴ûҾλ㡣
һЩЦˣˣǴ㶫ȥ緹
ҲǿЦģкöҶελ㣬ȻòЩģҿ϶ûдλ㣬ͷİ̡μű⣬û˵Ѱ
һһۣؿû˵ˣӦǱ̷ƵʱþĨȥμʱס
ˣ㻹𣿼ȻεǾ˵Եݣڰ·οοһЦŵ
Үοĵ˵ǣС֡
Ȼǰѡ£һŷѾͷıʵʧߣСѾͷƷλһ˵ƷλرʮָЦ
֮ȥһѵѣŮ˹Ǿ棬¶ߣ²ξͲ˵ˣһʣСѾͷһĳУټߴߴԱ߽⡣һʱҲ֪ƣΪ
ܰһֱһ󣬵ȴһԲ֪ΪʲôҪһĻĸʹҪȴһһ̤ʴǵ֮Уһڴ˼ɺԼ
γʱ˼ܰʱغ˵ϼ䣬öܰӦҲȤרĵ˹ֵĿ֮С
ֱʱ١ﵽһ֮еĶ壬ʼضӡѧ椶һ򣬶
һг˯椶һ̷㾪ѹ˯ɵ۾ף
һʱЦͣһ˵Цس¾¥ȥֻжܰįظ󣬾ԼǸ롣
¾¥ħװãһǺΧƵĺᣬһʵر裬ʱá
һӲˣһ뿪˰ᡣ
˹ȴϢǴǴϢ¾¥ڣƹ񹧾ĵݸһӡŵͲ
һֽ⿪ӡͲֽϲǣһֽʱΪҽ
һرд˹ȴݣڵؾذػؼлµ۹ݿ㱻ͻƣµ۹ԾѳʱɨҶɨµ۹ڣư¶Ǳǡ
Ϣһ⼸ĵϢˣⳡճ־õ˹ȹսʤˣȻ˲СĴֵۣõأΪ˹һƣµ۹ߵ˾ͷ
һ˵ڶǴرȴָ˲ż֮Ѿ˰Ȼس̶ȣһеαװȥֻʣ໥˫ֶεشѹԷһʱণš
ΪҪرе֪ʱ۹ʵսѳʰλ̬鶼ӥȫȨ鱨ԱѵõɿϢӥ´սּҪսµ۹ľǿеء
˵Űż˽Բܵأż͸Ĳټѳż岻ҥԣָżȨλݣż岻ּĻս˰ѱλҪҲʱ˺ͣһľʧѳɡ
һеᵽսĻĲѰ֮ȻԳǷһ֪սһǿ׳ٻʮ궼⣬ĻǷڲ߻ʲôıأ
˼ãһʼҡҡͷ̾һʱ뿪³ˣĿǰľѲɵµϹˡ
صᣬһѾָһЦݣļļⷹҪúóԵġ
㷹һҪλصʹЩҪ½һ£Ҳ˴㡣
硣ٱ֮ʱܰһȥıӰҧҧ
һת漴ЦЦʲô𣿡
ܰ˺һӵ齥ƽһƽûʲô£ֻ֤һ顣
һüһЦǽأ
ۡԼ֪͹ˡܰƺͻˣü֮᲻ƽ֮Ȼɢӻ֣δʡôͨʲôֻԼ֪ˡ
һʹξĴιȥˣһ椶µ޹
²ڣǻ鷿æԴӵŮʣɾҹ¡ʱ۹ոսҸոƽϢҪʵ̫ˡ
һԱ˯С椶ڴϣֱµ鷿
ƿ鷿ţ´ŻŮװ۾طǶѵɽߵۣЩ㲣ﻹЩѪ˿Щۻˡ
һЩΣԼã⽭ɽҲģȴе鶪˦ƹ
һһϢ󣬴ְͷ
һӴȻһΪŵİϤζ
ǲǺۣһֵĦµͷ֮ǰЩһŮΪġ
±˫ͷһһᣬһǻشһǰûбҪΡ
ǻ᲻Թأһʵͷ·һǡ
ҡҡͷĸԸģ۹ҲĹңҺ뽫Ӫãеİչϸ
һһЦֵסµĲӣĶţЦѾҵˣͲвޣ
ΪԲŸҪľӪãˣǲлҪ˵ҲǼ֮ˣʶزһϸ΢Ĳ֮ͬ
⼸ҾҪ뿪³ˡһ
½ʱһЩػתһ


477 ϲ


һ˹ôķ֮꣬ûзֿȻҪԱ룬ܲʧأֻǴʱѲȥľȥĵǵŮˣϿŵһӴ۹յ±ҸҪȥעʵ۲ôõġ
һ̵飬̾һ§뻳Уﲻ룬Լǲ̫˽ˣŵһ˦һ˳е
¿һůĻУ齥ƽ֪һʱ϶뿪ģֻû뵽ô졣
˾ӵʱ·һֹͣЩ˸Уһܲϲָо޶˵أһ˷ֿʱĺӣֻߵɡ
ǻǻȥµ۹ãʵ
ǣµ۹鱱ῴŰ죬һԥ˵񲻿ɻȱ֣ɹ
µͷЩã˵ʵڵģĺĽֻΪһ˵ʱǵƺĵȴԴһԱȫĵΡģôһ죬ҲҪΪһĿŮˣΪһ¡
鷿´һһص޹ʱѾˣС˵Ż椶غ˯
˵ڴ󺣵Ĵ˵ءμһ˷ܵĴСС
ǺǣСѾͷƬӣܲ㣬һĽ֣㲻ѵ˾Ͳ𣿡һЦ߹ȥεıӣ½ϴôʱ䣬ЩӦ
㣬ȥҷϢɡ˵žҪߡ
ιι˵ѾͷһҲҵŮˣҪϢȻҲһЦ˵
ǡҲ˯˯ʮ˶û⡣һ椶֮㱻򷢵Լ˯ˣиԼ˯أ˭֪ȫ˯һԼһ˯ֱ̫ƽˡ
һһΣҲ֪ѾͷʮͷţҲֻӦеúãһغȥϴһϴҲЩҪͬ˵
μһӦ㿪ĵشɳõԡҳϴȥˡ
һתͷСգտ۾ԼȴҪ˵Ļ
һҲ벻ոϰ뿪³ǣһȥʮǧ½۹۹Ҳ֪ܲӦϾֻںǶʺϵĻֻҪߡﶼá֪һ뿪³֮һ˵һһָжĻ
ʲô塣ƷƢ죬Ƕһʥɸİڸ嶼ټ
Ϊֱ˵һѾȫȫˣĶޱؽһĴͳͲ½صĴͳȴ޶£и˵Ǽ޼漦޹湷ǼϺϺзз
º̷ư̺С˵һҲ뿪㡣һᶨ
һͷӵڻС
ȿȣϴˡһԡұ˽һﲻЩζкüûܹһůĻˡ
һ΢ɿ˿ֻΧһԡСԲ˫׵Ĵȶ¶棬ҿظţƺֳ˲١
ˣŸһҲȥһ󷽷ؿۣվ˵ȻЩûµԼС15֮ǰԲ
һԡҹţСϴ̨˿ʰɫСڿĨأͬ˷ʽʺ͵ıؿɰڸѡʱΪ˷ִһϲջȤ£СӲҪƼϲĿɰ£Ϊ˻࣬˷ŮЦ
СѾͷôҲӡһ˿ʵССҪӽһרŷŻϴȴͻȻڿϻһЩּ
չ˿׵Ĩأֻý˿ζµĲ֡
ǺǣԼ֣Ѳɻ±͵ȥɣһٺЦš
ٷתССڿ㣬һʱһ㶣ڿһģĵһ֣ɲҰ˼϶ˡ
ãһҡͷЦЦ¿ӽѾͷ湻ĲõأͷС˼Ҳֱ۵˽⡣
ħԡһԵõغСʼ˳ԡСһܵصע
ϴˬԡҵͻȻ֨ѽһˣСΧԡƵ˽
ε޹һǲȻӦ߹ԡҵſڣҲ뵽ͻȻ֮¼æ˫ֵסص㲿λüͷһ壬Ҫȳ⡣
ʱһĿɿڴ鷢ˣСǳһͷСһԡǾӨûһ˿覴õȫȫ¶һǰ
Ρζ㡭һԾ֮˵Ҳ̫ˣֻ۾ȴܿƵضСĽ֮ϣȻϴҲʶСĴ⣬ҲɲǱ㱻ڵߣȴ˽ľ֮ڽӴ𶯸
С򻹲ʮ꣬ĽСڿʼΣһĿԵ壬вӿһԺֻۣͦӯӯһյĸ飬һ
һһһڿˮЩɬСвӿĴ̼ССǰһСӲ󣬵ȴԲͦŷ۵ıʯһǶϣԱȴһ˷顣ϸоһƽգϸļۣŮ˵ķ֮أһһμǵëô̼һСֵܶҪ˫ּ䶥˳ͬʱҲ÷ǳ֮а񣬹ǻʵС򰡣ⲻ˷
ҰС򲻹һһ𾪣ߵԡ°һ壬Ķȴͨͨ
ղ棬ӿһֳ嶯һƽʱԴʱǽСŮһߵŮһһӣ޿ɶֹطΣУҪ֪ϰߵǾ˵ģһٳһЩʱѾϰԵشΪô죿
ϲ𣿡ڸոգһض˵
Ҳ⣬ȴ֪鲻⡣ΪһŮˣڼʱ㿴ζһİ⡣ΪȲ½ͳ˵ⲢԼжŮˣǲĴڡҲˣСԡҵһĻ


478 ԡҴ


޼ĽӴһѪҺҪȼСһԼͦСֱ۱ϲټǴŮ㣬ֱҪ
ζ㡭ȥһԲԵ˵Ժвдһ˿ǡ
ȥҪͽһϴСƵ૵ͻȻҵ§סһ
һһҧҧƿСȴ˿Ŵ¶ǴִСֵͦˣ硣
ѽСһĴһ̵ֻؾһֹסһĶһ±һ¿죬ȫɲʱ䱻һ㣬ûһһ̱ȥ
һ˺׼̱ȥܻʶץסЩʲôСҲ⣬СһץһѳסһСֵܣ漴һȥ
һһƺߣǵطǴ֮أôݺһʹǵССֳСֵܣ漴ʱɾˡ
һվһĶţС򲻽һץ촽޷϶ǰ֮ϣ̫̼ˣһǳû˸Сȥͷ
̧ͷСȻ棬ȴһƬ͡
Ҫһһ΢ŵС죬Сֵֻ֮ңܸܵ
ܵأأһǰʣСֵܾǳſ۵촽ȥС룬СС챻ųO͡
һһ顣磬̫аˣ̼òеͶˡ
ڴ˺һѹҲʶŵĺͳŽʲôһűҪ³κʶȴȻ
ζ򡣡һʼ΢΢ʶ̫С
̧ۣһǳȵˬ飬еսʤ˽ߣҲԼǽ彻ġ
лŮӦжһֱܣμһһʶӭ۵ͷʱһ£潫һ̼Ѫţ㲻ɴһЩ
ССҲô󣬶һǼһҲʵЩֲСֲЩؼɣһȻСЩԲסˡ
ܾ˵һɲʰݣֻʵָСȣͷɣСֵ϶һһ⡣
С飬ټΪһģʱѧģһרĻɲʱʱеġ
ʱԡ֮⣬ȴɳԡû磬ĶǿһĴǰԺȴĸֳһδʱĶ顣
ᣬôˡͨһɳվȥ̨ϡ
ĺڸסҵ˵־졣һ
ʱյӡεغ档Ե׳ۡʱסȫȻסںȴĩ˾ֻкڰĺˮ͸ָ
ԭôƯķӣΰسУϢôķ羰һеһж棬ҪﲻںôµΪкööˣֵǰĩܵأΪֻб̷СΪ顣
ٹþҪԶ뺣вᣬϾٹµҲؼң뿪ĩ֪磬ǻһЩ壬Ҳ᲻ñ̷ƺСסڣˮ齻ڵһڵĵطļˣ϶һӦĹ̡
̨Ŵ󺣳һƣŻŮʷ˽ĵһ±ǳԡȥҪϴȥһƣۣȴûзĴڡ
¶Ҫµҹ֪һ⼸Ҫ뿪ҪЩϢһһ
µıӰȴʲôû˵
յԡſڣ±洫죬Ϊ޵ǵһʱµݵϷ롣
عºͻȻɫһ䣬Ϊõĺߺ
һ˵ʮ֮ǰ𣿡в޵һƿԡҵţǼҵĳ̾ԭء


479 ˭


ˬûɾһҲµͻȻ뾪ô˴һʱ֮侹ǲ֪λӦССԴ֮Уûвµĵ
㡭ǡ±ҵ龰̼ú㣬𣬽Ͱ͵طסſ˵
ʱСʶʲôȻһ³еĴһתͷȥǻճż˿˿ֿԸġ
㣬ҡСګګСס죬ڳʱĹĶ˱Щ顣
㻹ȥº޺޵յȴһƬ
ȥСȻڽϣʱɹܲô࣬һıͷ
ҧҧ˽Ҫã˵ǳԴװֲȫǣ˵ǳԴ˵ȥȻ׼ͬһ򣬵µͷоȴôĸӡ
һʱҲعЩµķӦǰ¶˫һͬ߹˵СãӦóԴװɡһѽ뻳У߶ʮһ촽
СƤؽǽϵħԡ򿪣ϸϸˮʱй£˽ʪ͸
¶һǸͷɵضĿ֮ʱȫ̱һΪˡ
µһһݣһһ߽ʪ͸ûһ˱̹ԡ
µĿɲͬСɬһôõĿóģ鵯ʮ㣬̵ͦѩηˣǳȺµĵҲľ߹ףתԴ󷢡
˫ַںɵǽϣѩθ߸𡣶һվҳ̣鲨һһõһػǶƷ˳Ů֮Сµ̳
СĿɿڴһ浶ʵǹǰݻһƬհףֻ۾գҲգضһĶǱ𺶵ˡȻĿɿڴɲֹСһˣ½ԡҵʱĩϣ龰ǱƵСһʼСĿڱµıʽ̡޷Ů֮仹˿ҹںһĳ񶥶ֻÿθСˡ
鷺ġһʰһûнСĺȥȴˮһսһСѾͷΧҡ󣬿֪ⳡŮ̳սжôҡ
ãһ§ס㺹죬۵ֺͷԸһµºԡͰСȴǵԲס˳ȥ
Ǵ󻵵˿ɶռȥˡ°һؿҧš
˲ռǸ˭ռһغٺЦŮ
һһô˵Ҳǰ˲ռ˭ռأЩոտһ֮ʱôӣѵΪԼòŸô˵½عŮʮ巽ɳףʵŮʮͼ˵ģҪȵʮһΪҪռһһʱ
һҲдʣȴûʳڣŮ˵˼ǶģһЩСС仯ҲǺܵġ
ǾɸղһطһܿһƺԸ˵ûʡ

ǹõҹȴͻȻ֮ѹ䣬£¶ɲʱʮˬصħʦˡ
һ޹̨ϾưõĴ꣬ʱҹһã˵Ļѳ˯
ҹôһҹǻ˷һĨ˸УһǸΪӣȫ֮У˿۹ΪĸɱЩǰһϵĸŭ簮׶ʦѵĽݲгճյȴϹܿһ뿪꣬ЩԲ
һ̾һαһϵľƿ¡¡ڣ૵ϧ޼ƺѾȵþ⣬ûоİٻѰ
׻˵ɼףѣ˰ٻ뺣ĶƣٺЩֻܵĹƱԵòôˡ
Ȼһϸܵ˿һһվ
ľ̳ôһûж룬ŵһûŨīҹ֮Уʮ㣬Ҳ⣬ղĽдŽ뱯һһͷľ̳¡
˳ǺķһǬŲ˵߷壬Ѱľ̵Ρ
ں̲Ѱãһ޴һĺ̲ϸܵ˰ϵ䣬Ȱ֡
ֻðſ޴ĳ򣬼ͣزŪűڳһӰʱ
̡һεѣһ˰ĳ£ź̵֡
ֻǵһӰһȴһ㶣ԵŮ˲ḷ̌Ƿ绪ӡ
ôôһ૵Ȼһۼֽ֮Ѫ˿һȴ֪Լûϴ
һʱҲ˲ôֵ࣬סıĽůů͹ȥ̽ˣƣܵ˼ˣѪܵ𵴵ļ
ǿľ˭˳һ֣ѾȷǱϮ£ӱľͷǳǿ󣬶֣˲ôǸǱԼҪǿࡣ
һӣһ̤˰ı𣬴ǻȥ
ͨ飬ƺһҲΣչ߷ɣٶһ㣬գۼ㵽˴̸
һӽľ̵ķ䣬һƬȻľ̳ȥĩ
ڴϣһմۼͣؿڵϵԥһ˻ϾӲḷ̌˳Ҳ֮ܳΣȻһŮӸ߹塣
˼һһȥһ̸ʶĹӻ¡
֪һľ̵ĹϵǰҲῪЦ֣˳㻥࿫ʲôģӻ·һЦү湻󵨣ϰﲻڽŮ˴úû¸ҿҪСġ
һһ㲻ʶϰסһ𣿡
ûаҿɴûмʲôʱϰﶼǶģû˺һסҲǾ˵


480 ҷɱ


һˣߵ󴲱£ȻеӣŮ˹ˣ³ľ֮˶֪Ĵڰɡ
ľӵݣһǲ׷Ǹ޴Ӳ鱨׷ľ̼ˣȴûڳһʵõϢʮǰƾճ½һ㣬ۺʽ𴴽˷һ֮ŮƷ꣬ڶ̶佫˷˴½ÿ䡣
ӳֵøͻأ۹Ȩ֮ǰȻû˼ûһϣ֪ΪÿμȴԼǿҵϤУºȴܾĪ
ϣѷǵвźáһղ˵ĶòСķľҲǵһò֪ӺֵŮӣ֮ĸǲ֪ν綨ˣѣĩ֪ĵˣ
˼ãһͻȻµʣΪʲôӶḷ̌ľ̷Ըģһܾǰӵħľ̵ģΪӸо˵ĸ߹ħһԵøΪϡ
Ȼ䣬ԵͻȻüͷʹɫӲ԰סͷĺһſŹһ˭ҲԸܵ˿ܵʹࡣ
һһϧָ⳯üһ㡣ǿؾȥƽܵʹࡣ
ӱҧÿ죬Ȼץסһ֣Ҫһ״ס彫
ۣһѪ°ɫĽϡѩŵض÷
һһܴۼ塣ػҪءһһǿסӵָظ伲¡
أؾƽƤ˶۾Ǹ߹˲ұӵ޹⣬ǲؼȴȻ
һǹеĿ⣬񲨶һ£سһ΢Цѵǽǽħǻأ㡭סתȦתȦұڡ
һԱӡķתǽϵĵǽϢ߻ǵϴͿľ̾Ǵġ
ͨµĳݡħߵݵؾͷյʯңһӵָʾмһʯҡһʯ̨һյħ֮
һʯ̨ϡڿʯ̨Ǹʱһ˿⣬ûʯ̨Ͽŵһ临ӵħһԲεذۡǷħʯʲô֮ġ
лл㣬ȥɣҪһطˣ̾ͽҵʵɡʯ̨Ͼƺ̾ͺ࣬˵Ҳ˳ࡣ
һʯɨһۣЦҾͲˣ˰ɡܴɲء
ллġ˵ԹԵر˫һɵԵΧת
һӰΣһת̤ʯҡ
ʯź£һ̣һͻȻӵϸСĹ̻ʡ
һһĪǹ̻ӣǳǹԸڲ˹ڣֻܽ˭ʵӣǹ˵ܳʱ丽ڲ˹
֣һ˲ôˡողŽȥطҪʯңȴʯҵŶ򲻿ˡ
ǽ߰Ȼһ֡һ˸ž⣬оӵĳǸḷ̌ۡ
ʯͷһһ뿪ϵһΣһӨתʯͷУʯͷǰһţʯ̨ϿŵػɲʱһɲǼ䡣ʯͻȻǧ⣬ʧʯ̨ϵȴӰ

ְ̫ˡһһü˼һ߷˻ʹеͷβһ飬оƺץסЩʲôÿؼʱ̾ͻȻûͷ̫ˡ
ӽСĹ̻ʣ⵽ʲô˼أǹ˵˹֮ٻƽʮѲڷƨ
һصʹʱȴֻʹµĵƹȫɼǵ뿪ʱʹ˯֮С
үˡһһ޹ɳӭϡ
һ§Сʵʲô¶أ
ү¶˵ȥ˵ǹ̻м㡣˵
һһ˳ʯӵĻѲĻӦô죬һʶر㾯ΣСĵΪ
˴ǼȻǲ˹ɹģ˵ֻ𼱵飬ؾǰá
һû̫࣬һ˹̻ᣬҪŪ׷ʲô顣̻ҪƾڵʵҪѣǹ̻Ա塣
ȻţڿԶԶȥƮҡеĹڼյħƵȾµԵмɭ졣
ͬʯͬĲ˹ȴһˣһڿ˹֮صһָоȻڲ˹ϵĹѾ֧˳ˣѾ˲˹
ʯŽգ˹ȴһһԲȴ
˹λеˣöȥ񡣡һϴεͬĻ˿ס
˹ǷһĨɭ΢Ц嫵ͻȻʯбӿ籩Ϯվһ
һͷһϵЦȴ֪˵ʮƽѾ˿ͷ֧Ʊ˹Ҫƽ
һ˺㣬ЦӲãϢȴתΪ䣬Ӳס˲˹嫵ơ
κͼҵļһҶشۣʶͽƽٽλе˵򣬲·һż廹йص˶Ӳ̻Ʋá˹Ц״
һȫȻȭͷɱ֣˹ɱʱһȴκʱɱһˣΪѾֱת£ֻҪ˹ţôߵ˾Ͳкӹ
Ϊɱ𣿡һŪЦһҪɱ𣿲˹ĩ̫͹
һɱ㣬أ˹䣬ʯĸ׹һĸˮħ۵ߡ


481 ϵ


һ齩˽ϱһƬȫëһּΣյĸо
ʯĿͣħʦ϶ָԱԴħĹâϣһо˻ĪѹΣ
Ӵȣû뵽㻹ȽĹһʼֿһһѹ
ҪˣǾ˹ЦͬϵħʦȻޱ飬һĿǳš
һЦȻãֻ޼们Ǽźȴôɡ
ʲô𣿡һЦʣѪȴѸ߸ͻֻļȴȻֱͦɽ
ʵѾµͻȻֵħʦѾʲô磬ϾԽԽصѹɲǼٵģȴš
Ѿֺ֪αأٸһλᣬƽٽ񴫳е˵Ѿ֪ˣҲ˹ҪĶûеòġ˹ϵļȥȡ֮ɭ
һȻ𣬲˹ѵ˷ľӹɣô˵ҲǱʯĸħʦѴﵽ˷ľ磬Ȼţʲôʱʼ½طÿԸˣ
ƽҲǲԣĵĹɲԷɵ㣬֪ģһС֮ģֽŶʹôø㰡һЦֻЦȴӴѹԵЩȻˡ
˹һЦˣ㽫ֿҿԴӦ㡣
һĿһٺЦֲ𣿡
ûйϻȻѾоֻѾǸ֪ܶ˵ѾܣڰԪռ޿ǰﲻˡ˹ЦݣȻѾܲͷˡ
һЦ˹֪Щ֣֪ͨܰ㹻ˡ
ڰˮϵһʲôĸ˵һһžӮҲԿѣһγһ޵ȷ˵ѹԼѾ˾
һѵάϵЦݣԺȴڷٵתЦҪ𣿸ǡ
䣬һüһ͵Ĺâͨ͸ĹɲʱתųŲ˹ȥ

Ժ۾˿ߣֻں˯椶ȴѲӰȴԾɲڶ
ƿ´¿̨ع¼ŵӰ
˯𣿡ߵʵ֪һŮˡȻ֮ǰĩ浾ԸĴøУ˵һŮˡȻôùϵ˶ûжǰ㸴ӵĸо
عͷЩ԰ףʮֻţ˵֪Ϊʲôܾƺүˡ
һأֻǹ̻ҷҪôأ
۾Ľë˲ȻտֳһĨת⣬Ȼ׽סµ֣¶ãȥðɣүԼĹϵԵ޹ʲָоġ
±رҲŪЩĻţȴʵԸŹ̻ʲ˹һĹѾٹ̣¹һİΣҧҧһ·ȥÿһ
»ѵʱȻ¹ҡ
һ·ȥŴ򿪡
ʲô𣿡ʵոڸڷչ𣬳͸ʱȻһİŮ˵
´ʱ࣬ؽоһµ˵һ顣
壿ΣͻȻʵ
лһâضҲϸоһ˿ѰϢ
ʱȫͻȻһͻȻ˺ڽӵعâɫâγصڵϣγһħ
һĳˡһ䣬һվԱߵħУͬʱҲ˽ȥŮħɲǼڷС


482 Ϲħ


ͨ͸ĹƴһüȻڿлһ׵Ϯұ߽Ǻڰϵķ
ڰ˵һ£Ǻʵġƴż䴿ĹǺڰɲǼϢЩȣѹȦһ˿ϸ΢ѷ죬ѷǲ˹ˣŹƳ֣˵ô࣬һǹץС
ʱһ־ȻȴһлеĴħҪֻһֻҪ˿ܵѹϣͻΧ
һٵϵɢһ⣬һռѷϢһ֣ڶˡ
ʱץסƵĲ˹ʼعֻѾЩˣһȫľ籬ӲǺ嫵ѹȦߣʱѾһߡ
̻ʱ¡¸һֱоʯǷĻϢټò˹ץǹһɱЩ㶡
ȴһ𣬿񱩵ӿ˳һըѹȦϮϵ񣬵ֻƽ˳㱻ѹ
һһʧ̽ĵѪɫáеعʥޡ룬޻һȫٻ
ʱǱѹȦ˲ֱλȫѹƣ˭Եֵ
žһļžӴѹÿܶȲ֪ǿ˶ٱͬһɽһѹ£һȵֵסʱǻҷʱ
һƺһɫɲʱɷסȻҲòȥҺôʱСϻȱٻ˳ĺ¾ӲǿסˣϢڿнţá
ôôȻͣôأһǸٹ̵һǱԼҪķ
ȴѲԥ˫ϽһѻΪһɫβһӣ߲ʹâתһ߲١
ˣˡ裬öյʯʼʱתɲǼִ˽ɱ֮
ɫâҼ䱩ڰȴȻǿһߵ롣Ҳ˫ƽ⣬һ罫ϵѹȦˡ
˹һŤʶ鲻ѣħ뾫ӽߵ
ʥŮϵĽ̻㣬̽Щͽʮ˲˹˵Ŀ˴㶵£֪ʱ˫ȫľͶŽκεأ¶ֵĻһһȫΪȥĻ̻ᱻ˫Ӵѹɶ
һعһƬ԰ףڲͣ
ʥŮ㣬ɱ˹ҧгݵ
ƴҡͷ̡
ɱ˹üĿشȵ
»һ类һһ
һ΢΢ͷͷȫǺ飬µĿȴůů⡣һˣǰһԼ̻ʶһվڹ̻ߣȴûôŹһӾԲᱳ
µһɴʱƺڷٵصһĻĻۻ
ΰĹ֤շΪ̻ʥŮһ޴ؽãɵĽ̻һʮСŮŽ׵ļ۹ڹĵǰڲ˹ʥŮϴ
¶ԹģԼ׸̻ᡭСŮ۵Źġ
漴µԺֵĻȫתһйصһУںɽǹεĳԣٵЭףĻ빲çԭĻЦΪһ壬ң㡣
ְ׹һУǧͷԲ̻ʱ£ҷʤһУʮ˲ҲԹ޻ڡ
ɲʱ䣬µħӿѹȦĺˡ
һοûʧԴϷ磬˹ﻢ£ѹȦ˵ıǡ
ѹȦһˣʯ߲ʹâӴѹܽκζʵ÷顣
˹ǿҵĶԿ뾫ǰĩеĿȫѪܶҪһ㡣˫ĿŭͻҪ˳ǿֲ
Ϲħ󡣡˹б֡
˻һ˹λ볷һľϱͬĹʻʯҵĸ䡣
ѹȦĺ˶ʱӿʱʯıڣ컨ذ嶼Ө⣬صħĲʯңŲ֪̽
ѹȦֻ˹һ֮ĵط˾޴Ȼ֮󾹿ʼˡ
˹̵Ц֪ϹħĺϹħÿйģĹõʯڶУʵҲǻ̷ħĸԴֻǽתΪ
Ϲħ̺ħṇ̀ﵽһļʿÿ춨ʱעģõĻֻ̽ͷе̺ħѣһõħħʧ֮ϢϢص̣ʿʶȫը
˹㣬ʱҲ˲ôˣܱԼҪá
ͻѹһһѪӿѪ˿˳ʶ£ҲίҲ
ͨͨɡ˹ѹһᣬЦ
ʱһССԴ˳գһɵ˯ۣͻȻԾͣڰУһŽζſӴĸԵ
椶ʲôʱģЩɻʱòƻΪε椶ڴϺ˯ûви˹
һһϲ椶壬ֻҪĶ¶ӣֻٶȴЩֿǿһЩ椶иʱյĻʤȴҲϡ
ǿĩءһŤĿͻȻ¶һĨЦݣüĵľһʶеͻȻת˹ĹƾԶ˻һʶеҲǼͣСϻ޵ͷ֮ϡ


483 ܰľ


һСϻ޵ʱ࣬ƱˣӴĹħϵħⷢɢ
ûƵ޾ͬûצϻڵ֮ҪϵӶӳʵ
ѹ뿹ٴδһ΢ƽ״ֻ̬ƽֻ˼̵ʱ䣬Ϊ椶ſĴζѹȦϵܹ㹻ʱĻôʤһһ
ֻһǳ㹻ʱ椶Էɵһ̶ȣΪ˫ǿȵൽ˼ޣʮа˾ܾ㳡³ٵùһЩĻ˫пûҷ
ʱõİ취ǺͲ˹ͬʱջؾħǶŲԷһһǾ군ˣͬھû
һعͷ԰׵ϺһƬôǸһһ£Ůȴһᶨʾڡ
ôһʯȴŻصʯ첢Ƕ˼Ѿ񱩵Ϊ촷ˡ
Ǿˣʯҵĳƺѵ˼ޡʼӶÿʼ𶯡
ʱɷ˻˯λڤ֮УȻܰһξҵػζ˫ظоʯй¶ĻԵ
ʯλڹõ㡣ܰʱԽԽҡʯſֻһˡ˵ôҵ𶯿϶ᾪ̼룬ֻʸʯҵʱѹŴʶڴ˺Ѱʹǲ뵽ԼѾ˾ͷǵһݵؽ̻ʲ˹
꿦꣬ھҵУʯҵĴžȻʼһѷ죬Ѹɢʯš
ܰѷ죬ɿزǽߡΪой¶ŵ
һ죬񱩵ʯȫݻ٣Ŷǽħȫȥӽù㳡õ汻Ӳһ㡣
ֻܰؿһƣһͷڷҵ裬׼ɡ
񱩵ȥܰ̽ͷʯһζʱˡ
ܰҵĹŮȥɱĲ𣿡˹һҲòȥѽӽƾͿݣܰسǿϲ
ܰȫȻһһƬǽںֳΣһһ̤˽
һȴǾѣ»վһߣܰ˹ֽţýֺͷ붼֪϶Ӳ˹ʱ˫е˶鲻ܰΨһһֻҪԼ֣ôҪͼ˹Ȫˣǲ֪ܴܲԽǰǸ硣
˹վʯм䣬һԶ˿νâѹ뿹Ϊġ
գգգܰÿһ̤ƴһ㴸˵Ŀڡ
һҧҧԴܰĹɱôԸԱҲҪͬھ
˹۾ŤЦݣɲ
ܰشȴǸսӴѹ뿹˾ͱ˳ȥӴܹġ
ۣһ³ؿڵѪٺЦ˹׷ĻˣǴһµŲڤȥιһ°ɡ
˹ȴҲЦһ˵ĵ⣬ЦŲڤ̿ɲˣ飬ȴҲûп㣬˵˶йص˶㣬õļį
ܰĿкһйصˣǰ塣
ܰа취һȥֻӣȥ󼴿ɱǡ˹
ܰӦһޱǰĿضһϣֻͷɢѹŤΣڱǶѪҡ
㱼䣬ܰƺֻصСʱһССкֳľ׵ؽһ߰λСкĹ
磬Ҫ޸ӣɱ˰۵ڶ߻ص
ܰ׼𣿡˹˶ܰĻ룬Ȼޱ顣
ܰͷִ˹̣ɲǼһĨʹࡣ
˹Ϸ˲̵΢ЦȻϴ۵İ׹һûŪ׸Щʲôǰѹ뿹Ȧȴ˲䱻˺һӣܰ˳ӳ˹ȥ
һһ˳ſĶܰȴʹ࣬һ˫们¡
ɡܰΪΪʲôʱ˹Ļ϶˹һĲɻ
һͷȥĿһ¶˼ɫֻò˹Ѫ·һӲ˼ʮ꣬ĸ֪ʱһذףֻʣֱ¶档
⡭һţŮҲ¶𾪵顣
ѹȦŲ˹һӱڽˣ˶Ǳᱻɣһ˿νʤһľȻһôҲ벻ĶܰһֱΪһذӦǲԼϵġ
Բ𣬶Բ𡭡ҲܿűܿżͶ֧顭ܰʹʧ
ôܣ˹Цһڶܰ϶ֽŵģΪʲôȴԼĺ
֪϶ֽҺޱ磬ĻҰ簮̫űֵʱҵ޷Ƶļ¶ܰ˵漴תһ磬㲻Һ羿֤ʲô𣿡
һͷ
֤ҶôŬҪ㣬ĸԸý̻ʱУȻ޷㣬˵ҲҾǰҰ磬Ұ㡣ܰһ
һ޶˵طԤУһŽһܣҧ˾ƶ
⣬ȻҪôһɡ˹֪ѾЦϱĿİ׹⣬ͬʱʯĸλҲ˱ϵ۵ħâ
ãҪԱԱԻˡ
ʼۣÿ˶ëֱϢӹﷺ
ƳצһһڽĴħߣǿ
һһҧ޺Ŷܰº̤ħ
ɾڴħһ̣ܰȴͻȻ˳ȥһ˦ͷһһϣһǷһĨ΢Ц


484 ҹ


ܰһʱûɢȥܰץδͷѾոպ֣ħһţƾʧʯ֮ڡ
ܰ۾м˵ִŽѺɣţ磬һӣжŮˡ
һ죬̳죬Բ³ǹΪģǧڱΪƽأõشƫƧܶûоʱɷĽǹļ͹ʿ
˵Ҳ֣ⷽԲǧе嶼촷ۣΨöȴ˿ĩڷ֮ϣԵü졣
۹ʹһڣͻȻԤ׵ֳһħ󣬼ӰħֳΡ
ʹڵأһСĵﲼһ͵㣬ҪȻǾҪֻܱ͵ħɭȥˡ
ħļģһǿһƣͷɢһ㣬һѾûָоˡ
һ۾һԺ㸡ֳܰĲسʹɵѾͷΪʲôôɵأ׶ܰʹࡣ˹ϾΪԼȴͱһǿҵθ޷ԣѡѡ
Ϣһӣ˶ָһЩ˭Ҳûп˵Ϊε椶ɵڵϿһˡ
ǳȥɣڿ³Ƕֵ÷зˡԱ¡ÿѱΪƽˣش¼϶³ǵĿֻš
ǳȥɡһ˾һһЩƣ˵۾ڵһҲ
һۡͷ˳ҡ
Ȼ³ǹһҹ֮䱻Ϊƽص˶ˣȫǵİն顣
ƣ֮ΪæýͷöˮȺɢõĻǺڰ֮񼰺ڰ̻ΪıԺ˵ɡ

һҹǹõķ롣һӰڴ˾þشжѻΪɳϸķĩ״
ѵĶ𣿡Ӱ˵ȴǸմҳһ
һ̾һŵ㣬һ̰Ʈ˾˲Զĺ̲
үѵȺڴ˴ӭŽѾӲɳ̲ϣܾ¶㾧ӨСȣͬ¹µӡ
һе˸УЦͷƵ㷢Ժܳһʱ㶼ˣ뿪³ǵҪҪٿһ£
ҡҡͷ׽סһشү˵ڵģȥҲҪ㣬㲻Ҫҡ
һٺЦЦ̲סץһѣС㲻ؽ
߰ɣº̷ƺС˵һǾ뿪һַӶͨһ˴֮С
һˮ˫ѻΪһɫβһˮһ׷һźȥ
֪˱ǺڵƬֻѰ֮ǰǺֵĲ֮ȴտһƬ
ףܵİƬʺǺֲĵطѵ̷ư̳𣿡Щˡ
һںˮ´ͻȻԱһƬɺжӨӨ˹ȥŷһ鷢ʯͷһЩֵͼģ֪Ǻ֡
дʲôһ
˹һʯͷϵ֣ʱһץסһĴ֡
дʲôһʵ뿪ʱĸоûд
̷ư˵С׻غ֮ˣҰĸ㣬ȹһʱǾͻˡ죬һĺӡ
ţ̷С׻غ֮ǿ϶ԭģҪ̫ˡһ§ס˵µ̷ƴ˴λغ֮ǿ϶֣ҪȻ᲻Ƕ
ǡ̷ư̻غ֮Ǹʲôһ֧ѱ֮ǣԶûȥһ̷ư̺СױǡβһĽ
ˣˣҪ̫ģ̷֪ưһСĵˣ˴λȥбȥһο
ͻȻ֮ʱ̷ƵķͻȻһжˡ
صϣȴǳĬ࣬һƲֵӣСǺͱ̷СһģǵȥĲѡ
һ˰ĹǲƴǽһЩЦʼЦˡ
ҹɫҪװһһϲ˸Уüȴ
µ޹ӰϢžĴϣᴵᣣΪ˶ˬ
罿ĺһֿҵشһĺڷ䡣
һҧ·۵٣ŢĹȼ̽Ѱһһ˳Ķˡ
Ȼ½һƵѹϣСһʵһϸܵǣٱҹҪһÿһ缡ϢĻʱʱԼɡ
µǻ飬ŨŨİϸϸܵʶһƤ⣬ֱĹ衣
һ·£µĴһ֮䣬ǻȴִİŭͦڹĺ˱ˡ
һҲϷˣÿûҲ֪һֵķʽ
¶ҵıһ㡣һµĿڼɷСֲܹᲢۣ˱ʮ˰㹦ֱһƮƮɲ֪˼ϦǺϦ
飬ʼ³£ȿһһڽ俪ʼҹȨ
缸ȣһȻͦȴ֧Ųסˡ
¶ҪӮҿûôסһٺЦµһѡ
²غһҪս̱һеĽȴ
ô죿ĻڿأһϸСͷ˵
ֻúñ㡣һ˫ֻסµķ۱˶Ȧ˻Уߺ˵оʮ
һӣԣϣԶҲֿ


485 ݹ


Ų³нʧһĶп﷢дϼˡ
ӣһͷĴϣȴʶسϴȥ
һŲҶֻšɲһԲŮӣһ۳һشһȭ
һʹһؽţϰߺ˰뵱ߺΧƣһͷϥŸȣ˰ͷ˰ţǿɰӰ
Ͳһ𣿡һԹ
һС椶һ
ǲӣܹ͵뿪ħɭҸжðһ̾ȴݵḧСȡ
תͷɻҵʱôˣ
ǰɣⶼˣǾǱ˰һΪĳǡһ޷޲ƽٱʱǸǿء
һͣȻͨͨߵĳϼ߳ŭΪҸһ𣿳ҡҡȥ
һůضٺֱЦ
ЦʲôŲ˺͡޺˵
Цҵģôǲ椶һЦųŴ۾һ椶գգ۾
š椶֪һ˵ʲôֻ֪һ˵ؾǶԵģصͷһûûεĿЦ
ƥ׳źһ·򶫿񱼡ûѵ˿۹ı߾ߡ
ҼǵǰûгˣֻҰ¶ˡһ˿ҹɫ˵
Ѱһطͣ񣬲˼磬ѾŪˡ
ҳ˵㶫ͻȻˣдŨصĳеϵħԪҲͻȻŨࡣ
¡ɫһƲ񷣬㿪ʼϸܵ䡣תۼꡣ
һĴϣֱֱҪ椶ӳ
³ǹõڲ½÷зǳϵǹ̻ʥϷǸɢȥۣ̻ʲ˹ѻصܻչأ⵹еѰζһôһվҪ֮ˡ
һΪرľˡصԾںСĲ˹仰һץסЩʲô
ӵʵ˹ûп˺һʱ챻͵Ϯһϵķôܻشأǡ
һҡҡͷüͷЩľ̺ӱͬһˡΪŮ˴ûͬʱǰֹֻŮòʻϵζرе뷨
һüͷͻȻһĵѪɫ΢
ڰϢһɲʱ
үҲо𣿡ǿħĲʮС
һͷ椶У˵￴椶ҳȥ
ȥأһȻˣɵصͷӦ
һǡɼҲ˳˶һۣһǰһǺڰϢķȥ
㻹ǹԹԸǻؽ̻ɣһСɽ£ĸź۵ΧסһЩǱꡣ
ȻͱΪңǻȥ˵ûҵҲˡɳ
ݹǣϻˣǿ㽫ץȥˡһ˵
ǳ鴤һ£Ȼͺһէ֣Ũصɲʱⷽء
ʬȻٻݹǾһ漴˫һʮ߾޴ļǿսӿռѷг֣߽ʬһ
ڤаôٻģ޴ǿòһüʵȻڤʬһΣʮ϶Ҳø൱
ʦҵġݹǵ˵ħž޵츳ʵѷǵɱȣٻҲ٣̶ʱھٻʮڤа
ʦ棿һ˿ʧ
㻹ǸǻȥɡݹǼҲٻɶ˲֮ģ˵İΧ£ǾӲġ
һҪôһߣҪôҵʬȥ
һڲԶΣͻȻһĨЦ⡣


486 ڰ̻


ǿӲ̬Ͼǵ´ҪŽȥȥʬ壬ͻȥ
ΪѵʱͻȻѪĹâէ֣ҽȻֻȻںɫͷͷ­׷Ѫһࡣ
̹Ӻؿڴܳȴոճ־ͱ˲ӵĹһ㱯һǺڰ̻ӡڽи߼ԱڵĴħ
ûдʽķ磬ǹߵٶʵڹھǷֽͬһ㣬û赲һʱ䡣
ԽԽǰľﶼģݹһ˶ƴһ㣬ԼͬͷʬȻĴǵĲԶһӰʵںʵɫĹһѪɫֻâ˸ͫס

ݹǣˡһ˸ܵϢټͬǰ֮СȶӶڷû˵ӶҪܡ
һһֻ޴ɫצƾճ֣Ӳؽ˸
Ǳʶݹ߿ȴûзɫĹצǿݹٻġ
ɻꡣݹǵͺһһצӿ˺˵üϡ
ݹǣ㡭˸û뵽֣ͬûһĺ˳ſݹǵצ˳˽ʵҲøɱճΪһ˸ֱֱȥ
ʱһһݹǵǰ
ݹǼʦ档ݹǼһ֣ʱһļ
һЦĿݹǵļ򣬵ħǽٰ
ʦĵ㲦ڵָʦ棬лл㡣ݹ°䡣ǱƤǵֱϷѾʼ¡ֻҪűء޸ħȫȥָء
һοЦЦ䣬漴ֱ㶶꣬ʵô£
ʦ棬λǺڰ̻ǽ̻ǽ׽ȥݹǹ漴̧ͷꡣзһĨɱɱͬ鱻λȫһع̻һ˵ݹǵСɾѱˣֻһȻȣ˵Ǿʶû
𣿡һǹһĨζ΢ЦתͷЦꡣ
ʲôûŮ𣿡ȴһţýεεˣĿ羵ˮ°ŤһȴһˣǷֻ˭أ
һƬҧҧ´һһػС
Һ㰡§һϤζ޼ɵػ䡣
֮УһԾñط˽ӵйŶʴǵ˼
ãعķʼǰ˵һ飬ԭڰ̻ҪԷвһڰ̻ᣬȻǳ˹ͬɣҪõƴеܡȴҴææӳڰ̻һڰ̻׷ϡ
һüͷ̧ͷһԵĿݹǵȥɣһºڰ̻Ķͬ顭㲻ҽô˵ɣ
ݹףʦġݹǳһһ񣬻ΪһƺʧããҹС
һſݹʧķſǻ˵ɡֻǵתͷһȴûӰ
ĸ̫ˡһ§ŷ
үһһֱڵȺӴֻǿһߵķ֮
ҲӵĿһͷɫ㷢µ崿дصϢ޲ѡ
ִƭôСˣջĿ⣬ûһһ¡
ãҽҲүƭģүŮЦҲһֱֹүжٸӰôƯ
԰һһۣɰŮƭĻй嵽ͦ˽һģҲȷʵΪһŮòǴǿȵʡ
ˣˣڿԸΪʲôǺڰ̻˰ɣһЦŷ壬Ѿͷˡ


487 ֮


ʵҲһϵĲ࣬һڰֻ̻зһŮ˴СͰкǰҲħݺװ硣
һ꣬ڤ뽫ĵ¼ڷڰ̻Ϊ˶ĿҲͬ׮£ɼ˷塣Ҫ֪ȻСк磬ɶȫȫŮôȢһŮΪأ
ǣ͹ϷģĶӣһЦʵ
ǰô߰һôܼ޸ֲѧļһأӳ˺ڰ̻ᡣ岻޵Ц
һҲݸСӣô˵㣬ҪȻҲˡ
Ծأһ˵ʱΣʱҲħݣǻ𱩵ǿͿˮ
ʲôˣЦôһᴸһ¡
һٺֱЦȻʲôЦüͷʵ
õģӳڻأѾ֪ʲôˣ϶ںڰ̻ᡣ˵ЩįϾĸΪ˺ڰƾȻնôءһһʱҲ֪ΰοͷֻŨŨĸжΪһһӼ
û£㽫Ƿֿ㷢Ұɣ֪һĻУЦתƻ⡣
Ρ׵ĺɽ˻һأһ˸֮ٵ壬սȴǸ֮ڡԱϣŽɫĳëʱը𣬷ħԼΪǿִͨǧصɨǧңʷһĻ壬ͳ˸塣
ԭ鲼½䣬ڵƽֻ˵޾ġ֮俪ʼȨػ֡˸ԵĲǱսսȨͳһ̲뱻̲н˹ҡʱе̰ʼãɭϵĵȼƶȡ屻Ϊ͵ȵ壬ֱ˵˻ĺɽ
ҲΪԭĳޣԴսϣսǿȴôȵĽթأһֱȻȴһֱѹںɽ
ɾͽɻȴһ̶ӣʵǲ˼飬ֵ·ϵ˶̶ȴ޶ãеĴк
ҵĺ÷򣬽ʲôö·ľͷһʮ˵ıʿͷ࣬˳ر˹ضö
λķصıӣһһǿÿҪֻ̰òЦӦ
ӣҪĶ׼ˣģʮȥĵЦ
ķһ󲽿˹ȥָϵķĿ䱦þ޴ľͰװŵƣǶѵ˶
ã÷򣬹˼ȥɣѾͷε۾ˡķؿž޴¸´Ц
΢ɲس鴤£һƻıСȶʼˡ
ķشűСӵĴ̶ӣȻĽŲһͣתͷߵļŮˣһһţ壬÷Щ¼ļһʲô
׼˵ǣЦ˵ģЩ̶ӵĺ飬Ҳ֪Щóľǻ˵ļлˮЩԴǵǰæɡ
ķصͷûٻɣŶ߿ˣǰĵλڱɻ壬ΪĽթеһƴսҪãʵرһ⼼ǧΪ湦ʵ壬һ쵼ĸߣĵڶѽҲ顣
ֻǺսƽϢ֮ãһѪ˥󾹱پ֣ǧҲʧĵλʱһǧɣڲҲΪֻ֧ɫǿ塣ƫƫɻȴܺĻ֮һںɥʧú㱻شӸ̨̤
ɯҧҧȭͷյƽ
⣬ǺĿǰ״Ҳ֪һһϦܹıġñɯһްο
û£һһҪǺļһ︶ۡɯһģһҪյĵ߷壬øߡ
ЦЦ¶Աɯͦģʵȵģ¿֮޼
һ·ܿ㿴һŸߵ˵ľͷʯͷɵķӣǱľסء
أһ̶֧ӱ棬;ɶ̬ȣõǷˮ𰡣һ˵֮ܲΪ漣
ɵľסطǳ󣬼ٷ֮ʮı嶼סΪ·ͨסĵطҪªöࡣϷǱɻסأȻֻаңռȴ·࣬˿ڲȼҲǷǳɭϵġ
̶·һ޴ľݱͣĵ̡
ݣɯЩȲʵһǸô죿
Ҫ֪峤ҰļôƽģĻƱ࿪սǸʱǻᣬס£л᲻չʾһʵˣڳȥһˣҸϢһ°ɡ˵˳ȥȻǱɻľסأ缢ƿʵڵء
֪ҵĽǹܲãȥǱե˸ɲɡڴҩüİ̾
ɯŮʰ˷䣬ڵϷĩУͻȻо޴ѹ鱨İ£ϣϲǴҵ˺üλٴѪˣǰ;ĿǰΪֹȴȻڰһƬ
һҵ߸жðɯס૵һЩ΢΢Ȼ֪ĿпʲôǰɣҪȻΪʲôһֱûҪأ
ӹһװľݶҲɯƮɵ˼˻


488 ջ


ɯվ˳ȥһеĹܼҲ屼˳ʵô£
ͷǱĴӣһ򲻺ϣζ鷳ˡܼҿ
ɯܼҳľݣһӲµıվľǰʮսʿһɷη
ԭǴӼݵҼүոȴС֪ν£ܼӭȥﺦ£ȴŲҲмֱ¡
ߣ˵ܴȥ˶ȴʲôûУʲôŲһҳɷ˵ֱ˵һҲĨǡ
ϢŭҼүȻ˱ˣȥ˴ӵסܼĨһѺԭΪ£µȻͷβҪȻҲˮ
ô֪һ¡
ӣǸմģûȥһλսʿ˵
ʼȻŭҲǵϸ
ûк˱ˣҲ׷ϾõıҪǴҪȥ״Ҫ֪峤ȭɲġ
ȥһ۾ȴҲע⵽ܼŮɯɫһ
ܼҼƲԣæǷ˵óӿɲô˵ȻûùӳԣɱѼΪ˳۵ĺŮȴ޹ؽҪʵҲȷʵˡ
Сһ㽫ܼ׵һߣһֻűһХķ˱ɯʵˣ±ɯҪһˡ
ɯһһӰһߣȴڰ㡣
ڱҪʱչʾһʵڲǴõĻ
סӼñɯԼһţٶȾһ㣬ﾪ֣ʲôʱֻĻĺʵ
ٽšӵͺһ粽ȥȴ֮˱ɯ׳ëϾȻֳһȦ⡣
ٶȻ졣ɯȻ㿪ȴϲողƿһ޴ĽŲӰ˳ķϮ˹
ѽߣĩͨ˵Ȼ޿ɱܡƱرһ޵нߵ÷ǣȻԼҲô룬ֵµıսʿѾǰʼȲʡ
৵һӵĴŴ͸˱ɯӣٶһСС磬ɳʯһƬ
ȲȻֹֻñɯȻԭأȴʼ䵭ֱʮ֮ڿУǧеĹ
Ȼգգ۾ȴֱɯӰҲɵϣ֮ģȫŸܵĶ
ȻӲһ䣬ǧǧغɨȥƶʱƵһɱսʿؿѹһʯһơ
ɨ֮ȴԲͣ٣òĹӰ񱩵γһ޴Уһҵ÷顣
ʩչû͵ϮرɯȻҲǵֿסԳٶȱܵΧʩչǧ
ӰɯӰҲˣһõӰŪôͷĿѣɨNɯȴ޹ָоɥѡ
ɯʵҲùǧҪԴӰȻ̫Զǿ񱩵ҲֱѪֻǽҪһ̵ӡǾջԻ͵һֻˡ
ȡӿһһȦȥƺأľݺȻƬǹܼҼƲ˴Żﳷ˳ȥû˵ˣɻսֲ
৵һһɯƺһ˻ȥٸ϶Ϊһ԰ףǴϸϸѪ˿ץһɫë
սıԶΧۣʱֳȴѻȸһղһĺŮȻͱһĴս൱ôǲ𾪡
ӿűɯеëһСصĽɫͷɫĩ
ããþûôʹˡͻȻЦԶĹܼҺһ˵ȺһǱɯʲô飬үɷǵðǵƤɡ
ǿߣڱ嵱ȻҲ⣬ӾȻʼ뱴ɯֵܣһľݣȻϷŪһӸǾסαɯɴӵĶսҲѸɽе嶼ԺĿ࿴ĵλһˮǴߣЩŮһҲʼ̧ͷͦˣȻɯںĵλһ˶㣬ǱɯûԤϵġ
ǿڱСϺݺţľƵĴ֨֨ͣ
Сٿһ㣬һֵе˵ɤ
ұǰֻǷӳʮ֮һʵ㳢ҵҾҪ㡣ϴ˷ܵĴ
СҰɣҪˡСķŵĴ󺰣дҲһ
ڣһʱ󣬴ľҡˣ̱ڱСŴŸ߳ϵСﰵһҩȻ飬ֻϣҪʲôòźá
˵СûǴ֮⣬ңڱǽСˣȴǱ߳һͷࡣ˳Ծȫѩ׹⻬Ƥˮ۵ģϵȻȽ̣ı׼ҲŮˡ֮⣬ҲʮֲϸηʣظŴ˶һһⶼûУѹĸԸɫˡ
С£ǲ̫ˡСЦŽĻС
ȻҶˣûһƬҰ˵ͻȻһתЦһʱûˣϲĸʲֱѡװɡ
⵹ûУԴϴڰµ۹ʾҲûЦÿصĲ֪ʲôҶܾûмˡСʱش˿ûлĻġ
ͷһ裬峤һΣһıǰͷԼ򵥣شʧ϶ưոݣ˵ڲ߻ʲô
ʱǿˡ૵ҧסɹһͷһ˿⡣


489 Ƴǣ


һһ̤۹ڣо¶Ҫ۹ϼ֡ʱѽʮ£ʱȶˣɽȴĸ½ܸɺӰ죬սƵƵ˿ׯѻķϣҰݼ֮
һ·ϣһĬ࣬ż뼸ŮЦʱ䶼ü˼½ľѲô˷룬Щ鱨Ӱµ۹ľ飬ʮϲˣѶ԰µ۹ǱγɺΧһĳѱԱӹܣµ۹˵ȥ
ʱµ۹Ϊǣ۹Ȼĩģ˶Կ۹ż֮֮رżϻ֮ˣһϻ̨ż˵ǲ½İ
ֻϻ겻̸ڣϱǲ֪ϸĺڰżҪȨѶȻһС
һƿĴŹٵùͣüͷиǰԶǿ۹ϲһǰƳǣǺú÷һٸ·ɡ
Щ鱨һ֪ڰƳϻ͸ơƳ۹۹߾Ҫǣ˵ʺڡսǴụ́żһҳͻֻҪסƳǣͿԽ۹Ԯ⣬Ϊ۹ľҪ۹ͱͨƳǡ
˵ƳʢŮ֪ǲİЦʡ
ǵ١Ƴɽˮ㡣ȻŮǱǣòһǳ׵ʮ㡣һŴ±㾫ͷʮ㡣
ƳܱŮҵعҽȢðŮΪ١һǰ۹Ҳ;˴ֻҲҴȥҲҴңĩüúüʶһҰڶزŮҲǴаƺ֮ϻǰ̲֮ء
ֶ˼ˣڰƳǷɿԣɲ׼˫۷һһۺߵ
Ǻǣм˿Ժҵغ÷Ҷ˼Ů˿֮١һ§סСЦ˵ʱߵغλ֮ò˵⻰Ҳ١
˳һСв޵شһȭҲ֪ĸ߾Ϊ̤صؾɫˡ۱ˡԼҲħ䣬εع
ƳֵҲǡݣǽڽøɽеİʯɣϽ˿۹Ĵ۹¡忴Ʈݲ˾ʮ
ʱƳǿĳǰȴ˳Ķ飬ǵ˺̶Ӷ̲ʮϸ֮ǰǴĩй顣
һüͷ̸òǳذɣ°͵ĺӣЦŵ㲻ǻħ𣿰ͷɣ̽һ°Ƴǵʵ
ɷһһ˧ƽ࣬촽ճһ룬ֻһĨ޵ػЦȴȻòŮҡһһλˣ椶˵һŮ
ͬװķˡЩһ֮⣬ǰҪռһı˿죬һҲû룬ֻϷѡ
˳˳ˮؽ˰ƳУ۵һŲ۵ķŮȤؿ;£˼䷱в߾ȴ쳣ŨǵĿϾӡ
·õڣһ˱㳯ĿнӲ³һ·ֻҪ;ôһڷõ齡ÿһõ꣬һǲݷĸŮ
ݷ˼˵ݷʱ˿̻ڻɽչأҲ֪ʱƹһˣݷӰ㸡һԺ֮УӢʮҫ۵㷢ƤӳΣִ޽һվȺ֮бԵôʮ㣬̫һס˵Ŀ⣬Ǳݷһ޶ݷ
һƺ˻֮УЩ룬żһ˿ǧ΢Ц
ǵˡͣڷõſڰΣǽӴĻЦݶӲˣһȴĩһֱ˵
Ŷô졭һع̧ͷõƣЦ
õشƳǷҵģʮֻ𱬣һһȥͷȻߣ༸λûжĿ˶ǰղѡ
λˣʵڲ˼СѾ¡ƹļһһ˽Ǹ
һٺЦЦõ֮Կڱôã̬Ⱦռ˺ܴأû˵ʲô̯ƣһԲƱУһֻԡķˡ
ƹĵǰһзԸ뼸λ
ƹĴһ˷õ㣬Ǵһ䳬׼ڱ˳ȥ
˼治ÿֵﶼһ׷רסЦ˵
ǣô˵ҲһһһЦһ߽ɳϣһùһƿƱţ
ͻȻЩȻϵЦҲ˲ûǰһˣΪݷõˣԷ˼Ŷٰĺá
÷飬һ΢΢һ飬ףǸϧΪն뽫ԼͶŮˡʵһΪ˺ڰħаˣֱģа𣿵Ƿס
ףһͻȻһɫ£Ǻڰ̻Ǻڰ̻ʵķˣҲˮյףڰ̻ʵҲ֮ˡ
ôܣڰ̻ʾȻˮĶӡһüͷֹ
ôˣһ鼱䲻ɵʵ
û£Ǵ椶ȥϴһ°ɣҺЩҪ˵һʲô漰˽طǡ
ûж˴椶һԷֻʣһˡ
㡭˵ʲôһ֣£Щš
һķ磬ʵ֪һεĺڰ̻ʺʲôϵ
⹫Ҵûмֻ֪⹫ֻһŮ׼޸Ҹ֮⹫㽫̻ʵλӴҸס۾ȴֱֱһֱһǷʲôйصҪ顣
룬֪ˡһϷ۾ظ˵


490 ʹ


Щ⣬ʵҶ֪
һҡҡͷ˵ֻ֪ߵ㸸֪𣿡
֪׺״ûѵ֪˵һ٣ɻһ
Ȼ֪֪ǰ֪
˷ˣҰɣҸǱߵǸʲôߺߵشһҡֱʵ
÷弱ˣһҲٶЦ˵㸸ǱߵҲûʥħѧԺͼ㣬ǵǿ˭ţ
彿һʧˮ磬ǡ
㸸׵ףҲ̡һķ彩˵
ôܣô૵ҡͷȻʲôƵȻ̧ͷץסһˮʦ
׽㡣һ
н㣬̣˵ôʵһĴˣû뵽½պˮϵħʦˮ̣ദôõˮʦȻ׽㣬һʱ֮仹Խܡ
Ȼʲôʱƭ㡣һ˵ȴ˵ǹŵǸ΢ɲһ˿ȥڰƳǵ鱨ûµܾЫûġ
нˣҾȻһôƯĽ㡣õЦͻȻع񣬰һһ۵ˣǽɶƭȥˡ
һغٺЦ־˵ôƭأԵݣνԵǧᣬԵ治ʶǿԵ֮ˣ˭Ҳֲġ
Եݣظһ䣬һϴһȭԵݰɣҪȻңԶôأַô飬ͬһ˿߽һԵݣôϣԵݸһЩٽһЩ
ǰԵݻǳأúõֵһӱŮһӻԽܡٺ٣û뵽ôһŮһЦڷħצɵơ᲻صظ׽ס˷һֻʮ顣
ᡭ죬ݺһһ£Ҳ֪⻹ǹ⣬һһǴСֵϣʱһɱĿŲҽС
ôˣүҵſˣһҽе˳
ҧס´һһۣԼֺģпôۡ
һһƳû椶ӰǿҪıɱ׷أү
÷岻޵ټһŵı飬֪棬ţŤſ˹˵ýĽľˣǿһյСŤ÷֣ȻҡҷžŮ
ү۰һʵ
һֱָſѾͷ㽫ԸظԴˣүúһࡣ
㾡۸ˡһһѡ
ȴ潫С쵽һĿ䣬Ө׵Сදǻ˵СֵȻþɳȴȻس
ɲʱ䣬˵ĺԴСָǳȵ¶ȣվҪܣȴһһץס
ͺˣһطϢһ¡֪һԸһЩʲô£ЩȻǵ𽵹ȴĩһޡ
У㿴ﶼôˣ㲻׾Ͳ׼ߡһ뻳гСɵĶ䴵ĸо÷ȫ̷СĸζͨͨҪ˳
бƳһһø߸ߵĻһСָſ类һƵȻ֪лŮζѶ
֣סСϷжһأһĿһӾ̼ϵǿҿС
椶ڸʲôĬʵͻȻ
ڤ룬椶˯ء׷뷨Ц˵
ͷһɣһŮˣҲٹ˼ô࣬СɬŽ⿪һĿһһǴһɲʱŭ˳
һǴһᵯ˵˫ϥɳϽ̵ͦβ߸߾Դ£΢ţỮʱһɾ졣
Ա߿ĿɿڴĶ㣬ٿż̧˵̬ΪŮ˵ûͷοһأ
һ˷Բβ°ɿ谭˽ȥץ⣬ֱòô¶ӣ֮Ƿĳ֡
Ҳһаֱðᰴ˰Դ
һɬ֣һĻΥѧŷӹһһߣ߸߾ƨɸӣһһߡ
աҪˡһﰵ¼ź޵Ĵɻķ⣬ĸܾܵס̡
ŮʲôĻƻŮˣһĻ֪һҪˣǸ
⵱ͷҵͻȻˣһʮĴ۾һˡͷķûвˬûƶ˵һվſڵ椶»һˮͷţСֵܾɲǼϢˡ
һæҵϿͷﰧ̾ѣǴ̼ǵûζηǳήɣʹĪ߷ʱȴɲǼ䱻׵˵͹֮С
ףڸʲôأ̧ͷһԻʱ椶һ߱˹һаʵ¾Ů񾭷ϼ棬ֱҸضȥ
ϷһЦ
ǸҲ椶òã椶˵۾ȴֱһɲ
һԵҪ˫໤쵽һ־òף֨λ棬һ¡
һһ˵һңһϣֻŮһ֪椶
һһƿԷĴɫȻ̫ѳƽߣֻȼһȦϼͬŮͿ֬
ҵĴŴ֣ʱ̣ϿʼƯεŮŮ䣬γɰƳһеķ羰ߡͬʱҲһһ˽˰ƳŮĴԣȷʵƳǵŮƷҪطŮϸ׸ٺ㣬ǶصΣȷ˵ıǮѹֲֻҪƳǶ̾ѡ
ţһҪ´ʱͻȻһﾮȻشӴֵľͷйǼϵŵı־ǱüƵš


491 ľ


һͫһ£üϻһ֮ѣŸǿ۹֮һƳǵҪ۹ľǿĻʧ޴˵ҲһЧżĶȨһʧƳǵĿȨ
⳵ˮĴ䣬սһɫĻһ¹ߣɫ»£յƳԣ߲ħƣֽԵҹʹĻ
Ƿõƹŵģɽ亣ζӦоУ˼һĹɴ˿ɼһߡ
˼һͲɵǾΣϴμһʧֵͲʱһԺи֣˵ĹϵҲ˴һ˿ɫʣ֪²ϣɵĸоô˷ܴ̼һ뾫Ů֮Ĺϵ
þ㷹һȥƺϵ֮ؼʶʶ̬ȥ֮֬شŮ˾ԵòʱˣмŮԼ䣬Ҫǰ
ҿɸ˵ˣЩطŮ㿴ԣԲġԲĵ˵һ˿̣ĵȾɫΧҲˣϾͬεŮЩ糾Ůȴ벻ķۡ
һٺһЦգգ۾ʾıүõ꣬ʱȻħݣֻһΪͨӡ
ƺǰƳһܴĺȻȪۡˮȻȪˮΪǰƳһľ¡ϴأڵŮһ㣬˴ԽŸصÿ͡
ȻҪ˵ƺ˵ȴľ¶ǺĻνȻҲǰƳǵĺˣ˵ͷŮӸʫһһһˮ顣ֱǿˮϧһǧԲһЦǲ½ߡ
һһҡڵƺϡַǷѤħƽװۼһĵطͣһųĸʽصŵҲݻޱȵģݺﲻڶԿһһƼشӻ߳ϻĿںӡӣΪȻ֮ءһһʶ
ĻֱһۻңҪʶȻŮػˣһСԵ¶̯ԣ˼ЦʵλС磬ƺһ
⴩صң϶Цһ仨ͷ˴󶼶ԻĹ̯ĻǲмڹˣЦλ˿ǵһƳǰɣҿɾʶˡƺĻңҪֻһѲںߣŵ㿴ͷǾǺҲ֪ĸˡ
ĹƯ𣿡һٺЦʡ
ȻĹĿɲǴģرݼݼǿһ˶̯һˮǻعȴʻһʧӰˣ۾૵𣿡
һһǬŲƱ㵽˺Ĵͷŷ⻭ȷʵǳ֮࣬׵ͷýɫƹ׺ѤǷ
ʱͷļװ죬λ§Źµ飬һĵȻ
һֱӲ뻭Уһһ޴Ĵаӣһ̨ӣλò绨Ĺ洵仹мλ裬޹ǵĽÿһλζĻʮ㣬ϯĴһ۾ϴ󣬶Źֵͦظ޳Ĵֱ̿ˮ
һһ̾˶УְҵУӶӶ࣬ƺȼǺܸߡ
һ»˵ʱһλŷۺĨأͷֻһ͸ɴĻ˹ĩϵζӭõ֬۵˷ĸߵƷᡣ
λˣǸյİɣк֮ԭ£һûλˣ㵹ǻһᣬ¥µĹǵݳҲԶԽĹ㳪СơؿһϣǰǷ޵زһֱۣټ˵ı飬ǹ
һٺЦħצβһѣǵҾͲȥ𣿡
һֵذһһۣݼݼר֮أҪɲءȵݼݼԼԸ⣬ҲǶʮϾҡ
һһüʮϾһҪݼݼԼԸ⣬ǺǣļŮ˴ǮҪɫͷ˾Ǽ˵ֶθͨãǽһͷƹɿɼĴڣòȻõģǮԴԴϡ
Ǯ⣬ҵҪʮϾҲܼһĹǳʲôһٺЦճŵİֺ붶ͣе㻬
ҵ¥һ¥ȥһʡǮϴЦһʵһѣŤεһ¥ȥ
һȻⲻռռ˿ͣҲֻǽֻһҪؼλһɵĲܿ⵹һЩȣ⻭˲򵥰
Ķ¥ǴССİᣬаҲȫյġһ˳ƳۣǿһЩɫĳҲ¥ŵķԱҪߵħʦսʿĵȼҲĸߣħۺսħʦʦı־
һڶ¥һСɳ£㾶ֱ¥ѯȥˡ
һô˻´ͻȻоһ˿ϵħԪزⲨȻСȴио˼ǿһѰһصĵطһָȥ͸϶һøһݹħʦͷݺһ׻ϸţƺԷ֮ʱй¶ħǿİħʦпܴﵽ˴ħʦľ硣
ϵħʦһзǿҵĺģϵħԼ½Ȼ˻ᣬҾ绹ôߡ
ϵħڲ½ħʷǰ꼻һֵسֹһЩмأʷȴĩ
һǰȴȻôһﵽϵħʦһԾأȻһͷ
ʱһ˾صɳΣǰһĨϤӰ
ḷ̌ôһ𾪣֪ľǰ֪СؽԵȫΨй¶ֻϵħԪأȻΪ˻


492 


һǿסеľȣоľ̾Ȼ˸ڵǷϵħʦķ䡣
գѾͷĪҪӴñӡһüͷһ壬صǸС̽ȥȴħʦǹæҵشľһվ
ǹҵؼҴܳ˰ᣬֻʣľǷϵħʦˣľ̿ˣֻһȴʲôҲΪǹȥʱһ磬Ϊ˲ݾߣһҲðȻȥ硣
һͷΨΨŵŵһӣӦľ̵ñطǳľٴμһʵĹ⻷
ľ̵ʲôݣΪʲôֵзϵħʦӦôϵһ˼⡣
ʱղһ˹һյغŲ裬Ц㵹УЩҪݼݼһĸǵȵûջһ㡣
һٺһЦı飬ݼݼƺͬǰɡ
㿴ÿ׼ֻݼݼﻹλڣɲһ˶ռŶЦ
һǮֻ뿴ݼݼǲʵʵҶߵŮǾԶ֮ĵĻҪ֪˶һЦǰһħצԲβḧ
˵Цл֮Ŀ㷨ۣȻƺҲͷƣֻǽȣ˳ĺ΢΢һҡһצȴǽεε˵
ֻһȴಽצƾô߶ʼϳŶ¶֮ɫȴǲͼ㡣
ز¶СŮĻЦǰߵز࣬ƺҪһЩƵġ
ǣ⻨ж֣½ߵ˿ɲ٣ɾҵĵ̡ṳ̂أּįһҡͷԵ˵һЦ˳ЦݿЦǸղǾϵְҵԵЦݡ
㵹ͦᴵţģб¾ݼݼ̤صذ㡣Ц˵
ݼݼʵûʲôսԣɧŮ˻֮֮ȥҵûսԣ㰮ôһٺٻЦΡ
ûذһһۣа㵹ʹ汾СŮӰɡ
˵˵ţ˱¥һܣ¥õµţϼľǽ϶ذ˸ֻݣĻڿУĿ
ߵͷһŮվŵңǿһ֮㹧񡣲ƿһȥ
ˣȥɣݼݼߡЦŵ
һǰ̤һͻȻתĶЦ˶ҴڲõĽͻᰮң㲻øոǰ¶ĸʵô
һ˵̤˷䣬Ůҧ´ɫò
贽㣬ôˣŮ鲻ǳʵ
û£ллع¹һְҵЦ
˷䣬ͷһŮһǰȥͷΪһҲ˸ɫػݲݣݼݼǰ֮ˡ
öӲԶݼݼڸˣҲպֻͣǱֻǲࡣ
תһ磬һ㿴Ϸһ͸ذɫӺӰ˫Ÿ١·ųεطǰˣһͷ棬ŻѵĹӸ磬һˣûħһȴԵؿ΢΢ЩŤ˾һ֣һһȥ֪
һǴ·Ůˣ̴̵ػ˹ȥԱΪ׼ӣƵġ
һ£һϵľƺţڣһ龫صĵҲббǴһ
ǹӸһһĿǱģ֮˻ڸ٣Ƿ쭲ɣҲݼݼҲ֪Ǹɧô˵ء
λǸɶŶݼݼǰɣүǮר㳤ʲôģײҿƨݼݼﻹû٣һһͷسϡ
Ȼֹݼݼĩ˵ǹӸβ͵èһװλ佣ָһʲô⣬Ұƥϱ޳ظˣ뿴ݼݼطݣ±Ӱɡ̸үȥֱү
һ֮ԱǣŵĺĹҷͣһ㡣
㡭ֱɵؼһɱ㡣⹫Ӹ类òУӵܺаԵаŮУȻǷȱ
⳯һüȻ⹫Ӹ翴һٶȸû
һһȻζؽŵģһ㣬ĵþ
üĲһָ֣ͻȻճּס˹ӸĽ⣬һֻһ佣Ѷϳء
һ΢΢̧ͷ֪ʱߣһ΢΢˵ͷúܽһŵŨѪζ
㡭ǸүţҽʬΡӸɫܻ˵
ӣǺعжԹһͷ϶ĺ֪ءɴ洫ߵʮֶ
Ӹ׽ӣһӵ˻ȥ
һٺһЦ̧ͷһۣȻ飬İʱԳЩĬ
һ֪ݼݼ˵⻰ɲֻ˵⹫ӸһģͬʱҲ˲ҪǷǳصΣ˿ı򵥰뵽һڶ¥ŵḷ̌İɡ
ݼݼװҲһ޶ȵģҪ뼴ƷôװһŮײǳ˰ɡһŴϵİ룬˵ֱ̱ɵĽɫʮֵλ
ɴݼݼĬˣ֪һĻ˵ʲô
㲻ҿҪ㳷ˡһվ󲽱Ϸ
ֻǾʱĸִŮȻɴǰзűɱ
Ҳ뿴µݼݼʲôλ̨ĸСŮҡճڣϱһֵϢĸִŮϮ˹ȥǶħҲȴǽŮ˽ȥá
һûɴһǹӸͬʱ˹һһ𷢳һ


493 Ӷ֮


ݼݼò֪ģֻǼ֮٣϶ʮϾֻһ࣬ʱǰΧһŰ͸ɴĿʮָù
ҲǼݼݼļ˶ݼݼﾪΪˣ˵ܼݼݼ˶ͷ˵ĻǿŶȷǳߵģҲݼݼڰƳǵ
һɴʱ˶һֻ빫ӸΪݼݼòһľȴˡ
ݼݼò˵üҶ⣬ǳļһĹϴŵһ׵ƻ˿µֹ˳ĵÿ鲻Ƴˡ
ֻǴ˿˶ŭһһ˿⣬ʲһ˿糾ζ繫һ㽾
빫Ӹ类Եɫڻ꣬þóھ֮в԰Ρ
һϬĺݼݼ´ϵɫԽԽŨĺǸ߹ӵӣոһҿӻΪòŷֲǣֻǳ߷üĿ֮¶ϢҲΪͬ
ңݼݼһĺɻʵǿóһ̬Ա˲ͬǾ޶ش㵡
ûУݼݼȻò绨ĴܼأһɫٺЦֳһȦḷ̌ӣټ߷ݼݼ֮ϵƺĲ򵥡
ݼݼת䣬һִһ͵Ĺ֮סλŮȳҹСŮӷˣλ㡣˵˪شλŮת䡣
ʱݼݼòԵߵĹӸ缰һص˳С
ݼݼȻ鴫Եüһ棬ֵˣֵˡǹӸҡͷԡȻûȫѹ峺һɸոǲװġ
ǹӸüȻȥǲ£Թؿһһۡһת¥ȥˡ
һٺһЦعһڲ裬ЦСӲưڸˡ
Сѡм˵תһԱ
һĿձĴ֣ͫһֱ鲼һĺɫϼ룬ǽڴִѪ⣬Ũҵɱ֮֮ļ¡ȭͷ˵Ѫűһﰵ롣
һ֪λγƺһƺһ£漴ʵ
ʨĪԡջöл㣬Ҫ㣬صݼݼĿÿƯЦ
ʨӶ֮ʨһʨӶһ񻰰شڣʮǰǰ𣬴ǶǴﵽȼSSӶصļһһεӶβӶ֮ĳƺš
һʹͬΪSSӶĺӣʨǿӲغȴҡͷһ̾˵һҲʮ֮һû˿ʤ㡣
벻үҵĳƺţǸеҡʨЦ͹һͨˮ
һһ裬вɷһĨɱ
үɲؽţħ˭Ҳһ˿ۼֻǸոԳһҪ֪ǹҲԳһֵ֪Ȼ൫Ҳ١ʨЦ
һɫһɣԭԼˣ˵У㲻ʲôܡ
˶ҲˣҲûдıҪˣֵѰطôһվЦЦ˵
֮áʨˬЦ˿Ҳϲúܣүʵ֮ǿƥУٲҪúһ
˲߳˷䣬ʱһ˿ʨƷŮֶΣʵʨĵʲôƺ붷ħϰϵ
ʨҡҡͷ̾ǸѧħҲûκʲôҪ˵ʲôǻɱɱöԼġ
һһҪʣһŮҴǵǰһǵִŮеһ
λˣҼСȥһ𡣡Ůһ˵
ֵ޸ǳҾͲˣµзõұǡʨЦŽŵһ㣬ҵһ˳ȥ


494 ݼݼܽů


Сʲô£һŮţȴɫɫᴥ˴С֡
Ůɲʱϼ棬ݺݰһһ۱̼ӿûô֪СȻ֪ˡĩ˻Сֹһ䣬ɫ
һһ̣СѾƬӻɰġ
ڴʱ¥һͻȻˣľǷϵħʦһǰһ˳һ
ľ̸ոͻȻһͣתʧתǵһӰ૵ղ˵Цôô
С㣬ôˣǷϵħʦʵ
ľȴôֱߵһͷһ䣬ȻǽӴһ贡
С㡣费վһֵڡ
ҡľ̵
ǣС㡣ǽհ£ǽɲʱ˼ССĶڣӿռָͳöɫһľʯһһСֻ΢΢һе죬ǽ߻˿
Ҳ󣬵ȴװεʮرĸɸͼǶ֮УӰڷżԴСˮ
ľַһˮϣ۾˼ɬˮ뵵ɫˮзһ㿪ʼɢ
ȻˮͻȻһͼһķɫݼݼдƺҹɫ
ʱһŮһ˽С㣬ˡ
ݼݼӦһͷҲص˵֪ˣȥɡ
ʱֻʣһݼݼˣһƺԼ˼֮УҲżյһʵıҲ˴ҹ
ڰƺлƮʱĴֻ˺ڰƺĴתƣһȥ޺˸һƬһƬŰƺԶţǸһֲʵĸо
һ̾ݼݼתӡǵϸֳһĨİԹͷƺлĳЩһüĿֳһ˿ŭҼıǰװˡ
ʲôݼݼ֪ʱߵһǵ㹴Ķǡ
һʡعͷ¶һЦûʲôֻǿλðҹɫֱΪá
ݼݼһĲõЦݻ۾ȴû뵽ⳤ࿴һЩļһЦȻôζ
ι˵ݼݼǿͣôˮûһһЦ
ݼݼҧҧҪѯŲټɫֲϧؼһƽЩĸǧ˳ǼԼòαӸһһȴԼһ£ɱ۵ʹԼˣá
ݼݼ뵽̾һһݵһĸǰ
һʵؽ˹һਣĿ޵ò裬ǼƷ㣬˻ζ
˼ڣһڵؽ豭վߵݼݼһݣӻŮˡ
ݼݼӹ豭һȴһˣȦˣ¾˵ɣҲ׺Ĳ衣
Сʶ࣬ݼݼҪѯ۽ǵȴƳ˷ŵǸӨӨˮ˭ֻΪһƯĵΡ
ҵЩ󡣡ݼݼһǰһվգգ۾
һ΢΢һЦվȴݼݼȥתһȾ磬ůɫع뷿ǵŷۺɴʵĴ󴲿ž컡
˭֪ݼݼƺͨ⣬ǾֱߵǴǰɴʣ˻ʾȥ
¡һһһڿˮɣĪݼݼֻǱߣʵŮӣôƯϴҲԿ
һЦ˹ȥһƨڴϣȴʵץסݼݼǰۻС֡
ʲôɫǡݼݼŭسֺȵ
ϴǡһֵʮŮӡ
ݼݼһһۣЬ˴ߣߺߵٶ˼Ȼԭġ
һһܣһ£˵˼Ӽʲôûв
ƾҲܲŹˣٷϻˣ㡣ݼݼ˵
¾ʰɣһ֪޲ԣ޲һЦһɣڴ˿ϣǺŵĵһꡣ
ݼݼһǹ˿ϣ²Щգӣ֪˵Ҳǰ˵
ʱ¥ľȴһ֣ˮͼ𣬶ˮҲָ
Ѿͷľ鲻Ƶһ䣬ãǸ˵Ϊôƣ˵ҲӦõ˰ƳǣɳڳĶĿȴûϢ
责Ըȥ˲һ˵ݣסַߵ˵ȵȣԽϸԽáľ̵˵
ǣС㣬ȥ졣费תңȴΪһǸƽ˺ڲֱͬģֻСĵˡ
һʱȴʵһֻ㸩ݼݼĴϣһ죬ỮݼݼűĽġ
ݼݼԵؽһȫһ㼦Ƥ޿̵ȵŲҰ㶪ƺι㣬㵽׻زشҵ⡣
ţȻţħʦС㣬벻ڵħʦôֵǮˣȻ糾˹ϧϧһ΢΢һ̧ۣݼݼæŵղʲôţҶûô
㣬ǲǴӲ³ǹݼݼʵ
ĪĿˣȻҼңŮ˭Ӷ࣬Ҫûģֻ
û꣬ن¸ͣҾͽĳһͷһԴ
һٺһЦҲ㲻һ˵˰Ūݼݼ濴䵭ЩСŮʽĵĽǴӹɢģѰ˼ҳ
ǲǼҳúŮˡݼݼʵ
³е˶Ϊӣƺʯͷһ㣬Ҳ֪ʲôݡһһݼݼ
Զһ㡣ݼݼһؿͷһһűһš
һצסݼݼµĽףŮŮŶġ
ݼݼţȻЩŤСַһȦֹİ׹һĿһ̣һܵݼݼ¶ķɱ


495 ӵĹϵľ̵Ŀ


һһŮ˷ʲô谡Сһ˦һʱֻȵһ죬׹һţոһŵĵطѶһưСĺڶСط˿ʹӶΪ˷ɻҡ
ʱݼݼŤﾹԹ֮⣬óѾʧء
һûԥָļһüģ͵ľ̽븧˳ڵ
ãݼݼŤʼָĿԹ޻ΪɢȥֻɫѰ԰ףһƬãȻ
ллݼݼӵһһ˵
ÿˣû㡭ôôԹں˭һŴǸںĶڣСʵķ
ݼݼȴǵҡҡͷ˫ֱϥڴϣͬһСŮ⵹һ˼ϧ֮ģֻҪĵˣŮ˻ǺܿݵģһôһʮŮˡ
ڲ³Щʲô֪𣿡ݼݼ̧һϧвһůҲ˼֡
һصӣȻ濴ෲҲɫɫϲռЩˣȴóֵĳɷռ˸ࡣҶԼòزǺ⣬ǺӶࡣٿԼʧȥǵһƶܸƽԼضǸƽˡ
ҵǺһûءһʼ磬ݼݼʧɫһͻȻֽŵһѸңӲ֪ˡƺܵΪصĴˡѪʮˡ
ܴ𣿡ݼݼʵ鲻ǵģʮϲӡ
һֵؿݼݼţмֿ϶еĹϵǳôǽҲ˵ֻ֮ƺôг
ʲôʵˣԹˡݼݼһһû
˾ˡ̫ûˡôҪеʲôرɡһһ޵˵
ҪʲôرݼݼЩЦʵ֪ɫǵ˼
ҵĶʮϾһҡǿɲСĿһ̯޳ܵ˵
ݼݼЦݶʱϣ쵰Ϊ
ô᲻ðҪҵŮˣ˲ˮĻûҲȥҲڶһ˵סˣݼݼԽԽڵǲҪȥһܡ
ŮҲԡݼݼҧгݵ

Ҫɱӡݼݼŵ
ȿȡû˵һ㱻ԼؿˮǺһ´ɱӣ˵ԼûСҲѰ쵽˵Ūǵѡ뵽ĿǰΪֹľ˻ǰæ
ûݼݼЩʧϵҲ˴
ʱҲˡһнڵţͲˡһٺЦ
Ҫ硣ݼݼһ뷿ɳϡƲͷһˡ
һʼ磬̤ȥֻոͻȻȫһͣٳݼݼع뷿
ݼݼʱΪһı⣬лЩϲһʧڷּʧ̲ס׷˳ȥȴտյһûӰ١
ϻ˭ܰأݼݼ૵һ̾תص뷿С

С㣬ˡҵһλſڹ˵
ľ̵ͷվƲңǽһ£ҲҲһ˿ĺۼ
һһȫںеĸߴӰɳľ̹һɳƵ¹׼С㡣
öɡľ̵ͷӺٻ޷ֱӡ
ʱһȴںԶĺˮüһţԼĹϵ֣֮ڹ׿ʱܸо׵ȴоԸ⡣
סһʲô֣һоϢڿһͷ¥һĹ۲죬䷿䲢ǹʹõİᡣ
޶˵һḷ̌Ǹϵħʦȷľǹľ֮Ƿʲôɸ˵Ĺϵأ
˼ãһ¶һ˿ЦݣһָӽǷĴҿ϶沼ǿĽ硣
ӽ׾ٵش͸ľ壬ʼزʳߵĽ硣
ľŹ׵Ļ㱨ͻȻͷһ˫ĿǴƮâ৵һ˹ȥ񾭽ؽ
֨ѽһֺϣ˿ͼϢϢڿɢ
ľɻҡҡͷܾﲻԾѵľԺֳ︡һӰӣԼ
ƺ룬һԴ˳һ˦˦ͷϵˮ飬һ˿ЦݣָѾﵽҪЧǴϵһ˲䣬ѿľ̵Ӱ
ֶһףḷ̌ÿ湻һ૵صĹҲ䣬Ͳôˡ
һ̶ϿԴսĺڰľ̵ʱһĴɩҲйӴô˵϶սĺڰǧ˿ƵϵҲ³Ȩʱȡôڰ̻ڤ˳˵ڰ̻ĹϵҲ򵥣֪Щеӡ
ŮȻڿ˵Ҫһһ㸡ˮ棬ȴһòɵͷӪһеʲôΪ˰Լɣǲܵ顣ľŮ̫أĻ̫Լм壬гͻʱ򣬿⼸ͻᵴȻ޴ɣһŮ޷գҲͲΪκҡ
һįҡҡͷòˣľ̷İĿľ
һغԶԶںĺ棬ҹɫӾҲһʮˡ
ʱϷһĨӰգۼҹ֮С
һһЦȫϢ׷ȥ
һԶԶ˰ƳڣĿһͻȻٺЦ
ףţԭ˰۹ľʲôϵĿǰΪֹԼһԼϵ޷ΥԼױ֮УɵƳǵս̾Ҫˣż۹֣սٴΡ
ΰƳľ̵İţأĿǰĿһµģǾͳһ½


496 ʨ


Ĺ뷿ڣľֱͦվţɳĵָ׵ݼݼüĿЩջ
һΣղǸ˵˵ʲôľ̰סʵ
ݼݼ̧ɨľһۣ˵һһŮڴϣ˵˵Щʲô
㡭ľĿݼݼһ˿ɱ֮
ôʲôĪǳԴˡݼݼȴ˿⣬һ̴ųЦ⡣
ḻ̌ͻȻɢȥɱ⣬ǧһЦˣ㲢һˡ
ݼݼȻһͣϵĴ쵶һָԵѪ˿˳ʧʺѪҺƺⲢǴһ㡣
Ϊ֮ɣҪҷˣʲô򡭡ľһʧ
ľ̸һʧݼݼǿѹƵ쳣Ȼҧÿֱ죬Ŀ¶Թ֮ɫۿҪʧأüļȻӿһϤůȫתһֻĴḧȶ
𣿡ݼݼԺֳ︡һƽԼĨĻЦķЩů⡣
Ҳ峿ʱ̫ڶðͷѾʼ
ףףһ۵һ𣬽忪ʼƵûζ
椶ʲô°һۡһѽ۵椶§ſԼؿڡ
椶ί˵
һЦһ˵кӵͷû𣿡
٣椶椶һؿҲ䡣
ˣˣٲȥҪƤˡһ椶ϴһѣϸ˿ħƽòصͷ˳ȥ
һȥзͬʱ̧ͷ
ۡô۰Ͱ͵ؿң컯հǲԵġҪϡӴǷǰɡһ椶ҴܵŮŭӹľƿӼ椶ú棬ֵÿֱЦ
òƽϢ׷һƬǼһ˽⵽ԭŮҲˣ߶ƹͲ椶ѵǳ𣿡
һ㶼ûԣ椶ûʮӾȫԹˡЩЦ˵һֽŵаǵ˹䣬˵Ķ򣬶ûԣҲ֪ôģӶҪˡ
ûǮ𣿡һСʵ
ҴҴææӳǵǮ绨ˡû˵
أѵĲƸĵ̶ֳȰɡһɵƳҪ֪ħɭˮ䱦Ͳûд
ݺݵһһۣҴǲ綫Щ类椶ʳԹˣһҶҲ
ô˵ԼĴˣĻǲְһЦ˲Ů˷õꡣ
ҪɫСʳ·̯ңһʱջһǰһġ
ƳһǣȻٲСԽ֣󣬼˱㳯Ŀĵȥ˵СԽ֣ʵֻһҵСӣɱССӣѾˡӶħʦˣͨ˼һѣַǷǸʳƮɢ˶治Ͽ顣
һһƽ棬˭Ҳע⣬˴ӽͷԵβԵͣر椶ʳٶʵŻСԽֵϰ塣һżŮظʱ򣬽ֱͻȻһ֡
쿴ƣǲӶ֮ʨһӶײײߵͬʵ
ûȭͷҲ֪ûˣǿȥͬϸһ˷ܵҪ֪ʨĪԿӶżβӶ֮ĳţ˰
ʨ½˲֪֪һѪȭ֮²ڣ˾Щ˿ߵȴ˸ȥ
ʨҲֲ֣˵ؽζҲǴ󷽣ÿľ޶ԽǮûʲô
ֵܣĺδ갡ʨĿɨһͻȻһײȺЦ˹
һЦſڶĿ۽ϣ̾һھ벻עⶼˡ
ĪԵݲǳȥôһϵذЦ
ǣҹֵܵݼݼﴹ޵ú룬ôҲףһ²СʨЦһļͷ
˻һɱ˵Ŀʱ˹ݼݼأпɼŮһòڻʮļһﾹȻݼݼͬߣƽأ
ȻɫĲֻЩΧ۵ļһһɫҲͬѰֻᡱһ丧
󻵵ѹҹŻߺߵ
һҧгݵصſʨһǹģұ֤
Ⱥ鼤ߣοʨͷ̫죬û˸Ҷһ֣Ȼ㶯ֳԿҲһ
Ѱһ¥£ʱ峿ʱҲûʲô⣬˵Ҳֵ徲
Ī֣ղ¿ɺݰ̳Ʊ뱾үŹ㡣һٺЦ
䣬žͱˣ¥ʮÿ˳һ˸ߵľ̳˽һţʮֻ̳һſڼǰ
ǲЩƶԽˡһһ
˺ȾŮ˲ʲô죬ԹһԷ̱ǡһһһϵ˵
΢΢һ漴ͷǣ
ʱһż򣬷վһԷţֻ椶һԣֱֹҪӵĳˡ
ʨȻĽѣүøۺ첻Ѱ
ٷϻˣȷ̳ƣͲֵܡһٺЦһӣ˸ߵľ̳Ʈ˿ʨǰ
ʨҲץһ̳Ʒ̳࣬ƼһʮƾǺܸߣѰҪȵĻȸʮ˽Ҳûɶ⣬һɿʨûа취װȥҪͲӶ֮ˡ
ֻ⹾¡¡̳ƱʨһȥһھɫЩ죬Ȼ峺ǶƺһЩ
ãֵܣͺȹ¥ĴһٺЦ
ʨһããô죬ֵܲ޹顣
ףҲҪȡ椶ͻȻܵһ
ʨ۾ĪԼۻˣҪôСŮٶôô졣
һһתǺЦĪ֣ǴΣ
ʲôʨȤʵ
ͶŮȾƣӮҴӦһôӦһΣһٺЦţթһֻϺꡣ


497 ľ̵˼


ʨȻؿһз۵椶ͷûɣ
Ī֣ɻңһ仰ҲҶģһЦſʨһԶӡ
ʨع񣬺شһа椶Ȼ֪涨йŹ֣ʨԸҲİ𣬺ãҾ͸С޶ˡ
椶ʲôһ椶ƨɣһƵóѵģҪ֪椶СӿǸ޵׶òԼûнĶ
椶ȲˣСһţǾ̳ƻΪһ಻ˮɿڶ룬£һ̳Ѹɸɾǻڱ̳͹ĿʨҲĿɿڴ̳£椶գۼ佫µʮ̳У۾Ҳգһ¡
ˣ䣬Ů޶Ǹʲôﰡʨ椶ưСԼʣµİ̳ƣЦܸɴؾˡ
ٺ٣ǸһЦſʨȲ
Ըķ䣬ʲôܿҿʨһüͷͲġʨһµİ̳ƣž܇ܵ
һϵЦã´˿ʨһһ飬򼦳һ㣬񿴵ÿʨֱë
Īֻûмͽ˹ɡһĵʵ
ûСʨֵһ֪Ϊһʡ
ʵҵҲѰ쵽ͽ˹Ҳ֪ͽ˹źı꣬ⷽԲءһЦݵͽ˹Ȼڼͷչ½־ۼչڣŵͰЩˣЩֶѱļһûһʵ治ù
򣿡ʨĿһؼͽ˹ȫ̣֪ͽ˹Ϊλ֮зɿˣԭһĻĲߡ
ʨԵЩԥӶ᳤ѵʱһֱӶԭ
үһŵǧ𣬼ȻҲΥӶ᳤ûԼҲΥġԥ֮һãҴӦˡ

һҹİƺȻǰ׺ڰƺĸʽ£˰ƺϣ΢紵Ҷ죬ƺ·˳˯֮С
̻֮ˣӪҵЪʱЩ˯֮ء
ǻĴרͷ˴ŹǷŻƣӰһ
责Ǹ˵ôˣǼᡣľ̶ɳϵʵ
С㣬ѾˣλһŮһСŮ۹Ƴǣסڳзõ꣬ݽ̽µı档ʨھ¥ȾƣſʨΪֵܡ费ش
ֵܣľĿһɫһٱ䣬¶һ˿΢Ц
责ȥ״ţȥõݷһӡľ̳վһԵ˵
ǣС㡣Ӧһ˳ȥ֣׵ӲСôֱǸˣɻɻ鲻ʵġ
ľϵ΢ЦÿɬεеľƱѪһĹ͸ľƱתƱ΢΢ز
Ȼľüһ塣վţݼݼɴĸִŮ¥ȥ
ȥľʵͬݼݼǰ㣬ݼݼҲһ˵صĮ䡣
֣ĪҲҪܡݼݼͣסľ̡
ȥľ̲ݼݼĿ⣬һ˿ײŭ
ݼݼľ˼ͻȻЦҾȥǸȻòôϲҲҪȥҪҵ
ľĿⶸȻ䣬ƽʱĻԵߵʱȴ˷˵澹ȻͬʱһϣЩ˼顣
ˣǺǣѪҲΪһ˳Դ漣ߡݼݼ֦ҲĽƽһͷҲص¥
ľһ鼫临ӣһֱΪһ˷飬ƾҲԿƣʱȴ֣Ǹ˵ĸѾԶԶԤڣôôȥԣ
յգؿسУɽˮȡ˲ٵƺǵسܷΧ֮ڡ
ֵûжˣǰʯܲˣһûӾͻһڵغɰ
ʱ¥ƹݵħװõĵطͳ˿ܶصطеһӱȡıƣѾһƨҲ
ƳΪһһǣͽ˾ưȻڣԼȡð߾ưɵĵλð߱ȥĳ
ʱһʨͽ˾ưר̸۽񣬱𿴿ʨһçģԲ½طչʷĿǰľͨ͸ҲǣһӶ֮ôıçأ
֮Ʒ־ñغϣϾñط֣½ֶƽѴƣĿǰ½ƱعΪһͳΡʨһƣž˵һѳԼˣ˵Ҳûô˼ɣһʵںܶθڡ
ôǸ˵˭أһָӣЦʵ
ʨһЦʨӰţЦ۹ڲѰҲмֲˣ˭λɲܹ˵ˡ
һٺЦȻĿǰľƺżռϷ磬˲Ϣ䣬һþƻ͸ˡ
ɽǱҲɲ֪峤һҰļļһ˵ͻں󱳷ʨѵ
һһȻ֪Ҳ֪뱴ɯʧأǱߴ鱨ɯѾɹҪ͸Ļ׵öˡ
ʱʨĿͻȻһͣ͸ͽרħֵĴȥ
ֵܣˡʨЦ
һ˳ſʨĿȥɴݼݼĸ绨ִŮһſǰ£ڶɫ̰Ŀ⣬ȻݼݼĿֻҲܲµжôƯĸŮĳɶòޱȣСӦøƯɡ


498 


ݼݼĿֱӣ૵Ǹһأ
γѰҹǸòȴرܵˣǰƳ˺ããûľӴ鱨磬Ψһ֪ĵҲ˴Сһ𳤴Ůˡ
֮ͽ˾ưҲֻףеǮе㱾µ˶ưܹ꣬Ҳ˵
ôķԱͷ׵Ĺƣݼݼ˼֮УǸ˾Ǻηľ̵ɫƺĹϵ򵥣ûмľ̵Ϊĸ˶ˡ
С㣬֪ûͬأһŻĿһŵ߹ʵ
ݼݼյز²ľһĹϵΧĲӬǲٴɫ
ʱɫǷȲ㲻ɨء
ݼݼ£ǽ͸¶ȥԸⲻֶεش⡣꽫ԴǼŮֱлǳĸо
ݼݼ̧ͷüһǸꡣ
˵һΣݼݼ䣬ߵŮսСһʱ׼ֵס
ǣ𾴾ƲԳԷơһӴͽ˾ưɲҪŤſųݻ֪ͽ˾ưɵĹء椿Զˣ֣˽˶Թͷͽ˾ưҲ档
ʱͻȻڿն𣬱һ˦˳ȥҲһ߼սʿڿŤסΣʱȴĵײ˺üӣǱ
һвһŮˡûûƤʶĻʧ򡭡һĵ𣬶е˶վߡ
һĵõˮŮӣµĽĵǸʵظҪ¶һ˫ʵ޳ȣŮ˫ԡϱһѾ޴Ļɫ
ӣǺӰ˽Ů˵ݡұװ磬ټպյĳѪҲֻкһ˴硣
ȻҲûʶˡسͽ˾ưɡȻӽεεطɧǣSӶͷοǻʵأȻӶ󣬹غٲӵļȴһΡ
òɡЦɴŮӣֱŮӵݲ򵥡
ݼݼشĻ𱩵ĺӣŮҲжţȻǳԸʶˡ
ư»ָ֣ǲʱ˽·͵͵һºӵķɡ
ͽרڵһħͷĺӣͷǿƲסؼԴһѾһ࣬벻ʱطꡣ
ֵܣʶӣʨһɫʵӶպսӢƣʨҲǼ
һͷһѡ벻ܹ
ȥ𣿡ʨЦ
ȻģֻٵȵҲ޷һٺЦȻЩУݼݼһ֮ȴǿѹ
ЦݼݼżҳΪһ½ǰʮAӶŵĹߣ֪Ӧ벻ͬ˴򽻵
Ǻݼݼݼݼݸ֮ʱСһȻݼݼԶôҲǷ糾ŮӣǰŮȴ޷糾Ϣһֹĸ߹ʣǳĴС㡣
ǿСáݼݼȻ
ˡֻǼݼݼطɣһΪĸҵĹأݼݼСǸȻݼݼ˲һ̾
ӶһʿĹһðߵҾϲҶǺˣθֻһŻɢ֫ٺǳָо
ʱӶžƱ΢΢һͣĿ˲ԶѤʵħͽרͷ֪Ϊβ˲оһʮرϤĸо
㣬ôˣݼݼúЩ㶣ʵ
ûʲôӵһЦȲɽȥΪûмͽ˹ᣬ֮ǰӵҪҪ˺
ʱһһţս˵ƽߣһذƳǽˬͷȺʼܼ
ݼݼʮĵֱھưǽϵħʱӴһһ죬ԤʾȻҹɫ١
㣬ʶСˣҵûȥˡݼݼһ̾˵į
ҲвᣬŮӸʮرĸоԶĶԻУᵽżй¶ʹΣʲôԭһ߹Ů糾أ
һȥɣЩҲл֪˵ݼݼʮͶԵдһ˵
ݼݼЦҡҡͷ۽ǮҲΪСأĺСˡ
ΪΣʵȻḻ̻֮ȴĩȥ
ˣСпԵءݼݼҡҡͷͻȻһͽר߳Ӱ鲻һϲ
һ촽ϵİֺ룬ʨһҡڵس
һſʨͶĿ΢΢Цŵ˵ͷȻ˾ħݺһϣˡϤĸо
δ갡ݼݼּˡһٺЦݼݼĿ״İںϴһ۱ƿˣ뿴ܲϳ
ݼݼһԵʮϲ飬òƽһ޷͵иУҲ仹Ķ£һŮ˵ֱֻҪԸ
һ꣬ӵķʨˬسЦ
ʨɿǸˡӿЦʨӶ֮ģʵΪˣʨ
ʱư˵Ŀһξۼ½SӶվһܲ˸е𺶣ͽרЩҲ֣ŵһưɶڿ⼸̸Ц
һӵĿǲһϣȻòʮİͻ΢ЦȴôеϤ
ֵܣתкϼʨЦ
ֵܣ΢΢һٿһĿе׽Ŀ⣬ͻȻعĿɿڴУݺǰһһߺߵðСӣ㶼ˣΪһƤͲʶ𣿡


499 ݼݼĿ


СܿɲǴĵġһģͻȻһ׽סӵС֣ĿдŨŨ˼
ӵƱһ£һӣŶԷǧġ
ͽ˾ưɺȻ˶ûлعŴͿ⶯һĻŰӾȻ֮У۵꣬⡭
ӳʮ꣬ǿʵò׷ߣѪӶųҶҲ֮һȴĩ˵ӵķı˭²ȴǴؿ۽磬һò˵ļһҲбӿϵǷ֮
ʨ㶵ͷû뵽һֹϵһԵݼݼҲЩȻӿ϶еĲ²⣬˾ǳˣеĨ˼Ҳǿҡ
ʱСһǣط겻˱˰ɡһסӵСĦЦ
ʣЦ󷽵һһǣ˿Χ˵۹⡣
ۣҪˣĪ֣ߡһһֻƵĸ󡣬źӵֳưȥ
棬ݼݼȸҪߡȴǼضһôѾ֮ŮӰУܹˣһ㹻ǿ˳ůش֣ⰵյ
ôݼݼºһǾһͬǰɡһݼݼ˼ЦݼݼĿģֺγûĿأľǣͷǸصȦӣݼݼΪͻƿڡҪ˵ûаֹϵɲš
СŮӲǲ룬ֻǡݼݼһ˼Ȼ֪
İɣľӻǸҵġһ˵
ݼݼһ⣬Ȼˣһľ̵عϵһ㶼򵥡
һ˳ŷõķȥ壬ŮȻһһϾҵϾ˿ǶڵԼ͡
˷õ꣬һԸƹŪһϺõĲ׷ü¥
Ѿͷǣˡһһű܇ܵҵŷ׷״򿪣뱧椶˳
Ů泯죬Ϊԭ򶼳ȥħݣȴͬĿʨݼݼؾһѡ
ס椶һཱུܵһĻҲ֪ΪΣ椶һĸƺȶҪܣԴײѡ
Сӣʲôʱ˸ôŮӼ椶ཱུӡ̲ס
ܾǰһЦ椶ס
໥һ£һڿ죬ǾʶʨԸҲˬҲĵ죬ֻвһݼݼŮվſڲ
Ʋ˺ܿˣ˿ʨӣȻҡƱյҹɫȵҡҡλεĿʨȥ¥Լط䡣ôȥٺҲЩܲסˡ
õʰɾһӼݼݼһ֪лһ˵ֺγǹһţݼݼż
ãò˵ЩĻɡЦһϵķ壬С쳯һͷźӽ˷䣬һ椶Ҳȥȴһסż
ݼݼŵһ裬̽Ѱһ۵ߵŮӵһһƯ˵ҲݡɵվһżĽ۵ŮǴĿò˿ԸԼΪεʱһòԵȤڶɰŮˣòԵòҪˡ
˭Ĭһ֮ݼݼʵ
Ŷԣл˵𣿡һĵ˵
ǡҡݼݼ죬ԺͻȻľǱĻ㲻һˡ
ݼݼɫʹԥãſڵľʲôϵĻ᲻
Ӧ㹻˽ΪʲôҪôأյ֮ƺúܽʵȴңԶľ롣һ˵ľһصĹϵԷȴֶûаա
ݼݼʧ飬ղȷʵг嶯ҪһֽѣǸϵȴӲʵĲɷһУǵģһˣϧû
Բ𣬴ˣҸûȥˡݼݼվָ䣬ɺɴŮ˷š
һϣԴķţǵĨȥĵ׵һ˿ڣһľվ˶棬Ƿݵִݻأ
үееСһᴵɽЦŤ
ǻԲֳԵķһһĥʱһСֵܰͦأŭڵضη䡣
үһȫûȣסһز߽ķڵҲüĨƽһеؽꡣ
һ۱ҸǱ鷿һ󣬺ٺЦүȥϴȡ
һų൐˿˿ˮʱˬӻˮĸ飬Ȼø̡
һĻһӺ촽ǰǶѩױһֻħצסǷ۷۵ͷһָ߰ͦޱȡ
ӹƽ̹СһħצԽȼǲ㵭ëأò
һţ̰ļһΣˡЩͲסطת壬촽Щҵһ׳ظǣѩ׵β̳ˮ棬һħߡ
ͷȫûˮ£ˮ˵ȫ⣬촽ţ˵СֵУټ࣬ˬһһѾͷļԽԽˣѾԽǰļλˡ
ãһɳƵһͺһ˹ŵС׼ǻԲѩǰһ壬˵Ľʱԡصתٵþòɢ
ڴʱһĨӰӰƳӶ˲ҹɫ֮С


500 ҹ̽


һ꣬÷һС㲻ٵĳ˯˹ȥ
һСԡ𱧵ɺãԼȴصбɳ񣬻ùû˿ƣ̬˼
ǲôһ㣬ݼݼкܴİѱľϰһ૵ݼݼΪͻƿڲľǲȴ뵽ͷݼݼȴˣһľ֪Ǻܳеİɡ
һ˼׷ɣ⼸ڲ½飬һĻһĻԺطţһ̾ؿ׵ӣССΪ㵽ڻڰľͷأ
һСȻǰ׷Ʈǰֲһķ·˾ʹ
Ȼһһ̧㷭һʧڷڡ
ʱõĶ¥һĨӰس屳ֶһ׼ү
һ˵ͷЦľģ
ʼǵģү
ףôĵӡһȻѣһ࣬ɱֱƹס
ײҡױһкڰԼĹϵһɱֵֻܵһȻѣ걻Ť
ң㵹Ǹļһһ֮Ҳľ̵ɡһЦ
ǡױһɱ̼ûֱǺڰԼʹһر
һڳ俴ŹһԲȴ˼תƾڰԼĹϵù׳ľ̵ƿأͻȻ뵽ûбҪľյĿʲôڵĿȴԼͬôõһΪʲôҪأ
ȻľһģôʮɡһעŹʵ
֪Ҳ˵ײ˵ߴȻԽԽñһݶϣ˫ͷҰްʹͺ𣬲һܲסݶϷѪ˿ȾһƬ졣
һŨüһ壬ɱȥ˵ʱĹ޷Υģǿľѷһ֡Ѿڹ϶ֽˡ
ãײŻѰվȻֹԵʮǱ
ľ̽к£һʵ
ֻ֪Ըѡ˵
ȥɣúøҿƳǣʱҵжһӻ֣ҲûȤ̸ȥɲܴõҪ֪Ķ
ľùԭֻǴһϢѾ֪ˡ
ùʧһ˼һŰƺ˹ȥ
¹͸뵵ʵڰƺϣ΢紵沨壬⡣
ʱҹɫƺĻϨͷ߲ħơֻ༸յŻƮ˸էһȥƺ϶ֻ۾һ㡣
ݼݼոϴ裬ķۺССڴϣ¶ƬѩļǾӨ͸ؽֺݵַ£Щԡ
֨ѽһеĴűƿĽŲسĹ뷿
ݼݼҧҧԵָḷ̌б˲űֱӴ롣
棬Ǿڵ紦һӰľֻ˭أ
ֱһ£ľ̿ذڴϵݼݼüĿ侹Ȼһ˿ĸС
ƺÿζšݼݼ˵
˵ûҪǰûκ˽Ҳκ˽ľ̵˵
ݼݼǳ鴤˼¡Ĭˡ
ֻһ£ҿһΡϣû´Σ֪ʲôĺľĿйɲŭƣĻаǰĽǡ
ݼݼ̧ۣͻȻʰ㿩ЦβֹסЦȻ֪ʲôϷԤУĩʧܹһʱʹ򱶡
ľСһգǰŴŻЦĿһĨȥԺеӰӣ֮£ܺԼǣıݡ
ݼݼȴ·ûŵ޽ࡣ
ʱľһһµ˶㣬ƿԼķ䣬һϾɳϣֻŷظڲ輸ϣĿż¼Ц⡣
ɧӣƤ⵹ԽԽ³ǵĴ̸󣬰Ƴǵغ֪ﻹĲҵһḻֺ̌ٺЦ
ʱľȴݼݼı䣬Ըе΢̣ˣŤСһߣЦҵģ˶ӱʵرЩǮˣҲΨƤһˡ
һشһţľ̰ӱĻУǰͦεš
һľ̵յһƬ˷ֱҲһʱˣͦһǶصζůĻ粻ص֣ҲһĵҸУȻҸֻһɲǣϾҲôҸ
һħצľ̵Ҹ£׽סһֻ˶ã૵ִһЩʲôˣ
ľ̸·һؼҧǱġ
һٺٻЦһٳһ㡣
һһצΪ·һ·ɽԽһ·Ѱ̽أûһḻ̌㽿˽֮Ϫˮ
ۿ˸ɲһһţͻȻľȴһѽһƿոջκһƬЩ̬Ĳ԰ס
ôˣһһӲ
ûУֻ̫˰ɡľҡҡͷǿЦЦ
һȻţֻ˵Ҳû취ǰḻ̌ڴϣԼȥЬҲ˴˫ľ̵̫Ѩᰴš
ľһһᣬȴһ˿˵ĸо
𣿡ľ૰ʡ
һ˫΢΢һͣľͷƿ֮ǲεĸƺֺ˲١
㲻ҵ𣿡ľ̸еЩʧ䣬תʵ
Ȼ棬˵𣿡һ
ᡣľ̾һ˳Ĭ֮С
ǵѻǵˣãһʵ
ľʱѡ
ǺǣǾ˵ǻгΪ˵һ𣿡һЦȴȻЦдŵĿɬ

һḷ̌Ҫ´ˣ۽ǵɨѹľͷµһ飬ͷͻȻһ


501 ͬ


һ֣ľµǱɫƤ˳˿ѣȴ¶ɫ
˼ҵ飿ֿḻ̌һƺҪˣȴͻȻԼµ顣
ǰдʲôһ㡣һĵ˵
Ҽһֵط㵱ȻˡľЦ
֣һ˵ֹŹֵ־Ȼʧ֮ǵ֮вһģһѲľҲʧ֮𣿻ǧǰʧ֮ͬͬԴ
֪ļȻôƯ˶лһҪȥСһٺЦ
ƫƧСطֵȥҪ˵ŮĵطȻƳˡľеĲʲôȻ͸һһҲʮϤˣһЩ쳣ûӹ۾
һ˻е飬ЦֿȲ½ֻͨӣܺÿ̽Σ
ѧʲôðòľɻһԸôͷʱѧûõĶ
㻹˵ҶֶʮȤ֪ڸ鱨Ա໥͸鱨õҲǧٹ֣ѧһЩûһЦ
㲻ʲôɣľЦ
㲻ңǹײ֪ǲһطģĻ̺ˡһٺһЦֿʼݵľ̵ȫеط
ľ̺Ȼӿ죬סһظֵĴ֣첻аҵ岻Ҫѧҽ㻹𣿡
Ǿô˵ˣ̻ǣӦûʲô˰ɣһ߰ɡһٺЦ
㶼Ұźһʲô˵ľ̽ĵذһһۡתͣһ߸߶Ŀϣǹ˵һգôһȻѳֲסò̾Ĺ
һջǵ´·壬ٴȥǽ͵ɣɺóԲãⲻĥô
һʧڹ뷿ڣľ̵Ц𡣿ߵ˼
һڰջƮɣ¶˿˿ɫȻ֪ľʧ֮ǵʲôϵֻҪ̻Լʶ֣ôԼͿԿռָЩʥʧ֮ǵʱħǶļֵ޿ɹ
˷õĺ׷һƬһҹȴԿһӰɳϡ
ý㣬ô˯˰һЦʣŲźŲ˹ȥ
Ըȥˡýô˯ţӸоһԼߣЩ١
⻰е尡ʲôʲôġһٺЦ
СӣֵϷǲִ򰡡Сһšһѡ
һʹһ˵ý㣬Ͳһ𣿶ˡ
ˣҿԼһЩֳһ
ô׵ô󡣡ֵһŻɲʱֱ䳤ʱʶԼŵʲôˡ
ǰôˣɵøסһסҪصС֣ͱľòΪػȫ
Ӻ٣һŷҪšСֶһǴֳϸŻһ㣬ȫ飬Ѱ
㡣һȴͲסһѹ£͸˵Ľģֱ˷
ϸܵںӵϣһסĺ촽Ϣʱɿڶ롣ҵؾһ
ɳ˵ĩ̫խһЩĽ鵽ŨһĴָո̽ش֣ɳȴǳӵһˣҹԵʮͻأ
ôЩԺشʵ
ѵҲ֪ƿһĵ˯ķ䡣
һϱȽͣΣһܵˣúˣһ㽫뷿˵һǵǵ
һעߡ
߰˾ʮµףµ۹ǱǱ۹Χ£ʳˮԴԱжϣǸ˶֪µ۹ѾĽݻֻ֮ѡ
ǵѡΧⳡս˲أǿĻȻԿٽµ۹Ӳ½Ĩȥȴñʧصѩϼ˪ɲشȥȴֻбȻӮ˵ȴˡ
ǵشأʱǱƮѩˣȴȻգޱȡ
һ׸ߵСɽСɽѵһˣΪ˹ȷߺضһƽƽԭش
վɽŶһأͷڽűߣη紵һͷںڵ㷢
һױػɽңűֱͦļͬǸΪˡ
ýŽˡһױڵ
ҲֻŽֵñýǣˣȺһﲻͶҪôãҪȻλطˡһױ޷޽
˵ˣ˹ˡױӳѵױʱ䱸״̬
ӡһĨƮƮӰЦЦһ߲ǱˣŽ޺ޣھӪ䵱ʹĽɫʿʮ־ΪȻ˱
С㣬ұýױӳǰһʵ
ǵģͷͨһ޺΢΢һЦϵĿʷǵûսѪеƮݣ¶ůϢ
ɽ޺뱱𲢼һĮ˪һ磬ͬľȴŽȻͬζ
㣬Ҷˣ޺ʵ˽£һôƺġ
šӦһͻȻ˵ʱӦڻǵ;аɣڴѶЩȥġ
޺Զҡҡͷ̾ȥҲȥҡҲ֪Զ磬ɬ쳣
ἰ֪ͫһŮˣͬʱҲǵʵսŮϴڱʵ
֪ԸȥΪԣ˭Ӯ˭ǺܴĴڶݵòˡ޺̾뼰㲵ʹ
ĮȻ˵ƣ嶼վԼ˵ĵжԷֻԼԼѾֻһһҲֻΪ


502 ؼ


ýܱŮ˼վɽʱͻȻױӳ
޺֪ȤظˣұϢһģȴȥ͵ĸ鼸ҪƲסһ˵Ҫ¶ˣݽɵĸ龿úȥδӣ޺ĸеʮ㯡
չܱƤ
޹ģʡ𵭵ĻдȻɱƫƫһȴ֮롣
ױӳһʱ˷ӦýǴ㶯ˡ
ӪʼѾҪڽʿĥȭ׼һͷľսٵһսʹҲ
ʱӪһȴԵʮְֻǲʱش˽һһϮѩ׼ۣī̳ƮƮӰһͷĻ𱩵Ů˵ʲôʮ֮ȻػĿ÷ԲʮԶ˱ܡ˿ǰһǰһ˿˺һ˺һάŲ಻ʮľ롣
˿̣Ҫ𣿡ٴʵʵҲ˿һȥһֻϻżңɴӱܵؾڲᣬ޺ҲǴھӪȻһ֮ˡ
ûҶʲô仯ҺҼҷ˿ô⼸ŮĹϵάֵĲۼǶִ£ȴǵȲȥˡ
ȵͷԺְֳֺ︡޵аӣ²Щɬ
оڡܰ뱱ˣЩ쳣
ýҪô˶޹ġܰЩ̵˵
սҪˣҪ־͹Ǹˡ𵭵˵
ܰ컹˵ȴǻΪһ̾ϢɱѪ飬˴εĿȴԾһ˵壬۹ڲѷǳȡΧ֮ƻͻȻΪЩżľӣǷݳǱҪľ١

峿Ŀͨ͸ı˸оʮӨ¶Ҷ۲Ĵ߹һߣȻ䣬Ƭֵء
ƳǶţһͣڹٵԱߣһһվڴ˴
㡣Ĳһ𣿡һŽĵĺٴʵ
һһЦҡҡͷСϲȥ٣;ȴɱ壬Ȼ˿ĵʵΪź˴һֲ֪ʱˡǿŮӣڵͣ˴ΪһƳǣһǽȻ෴ġ
һҲǿǰӽӵ뻳УԵۣͬ㣬ˡҪһСԶΪſ˫ۡ
ŵһĻӲһᣬ϶˼˿Ҳֻһˣ˫ֽ˽һͬһǰһǣΪһƮȻԶȥͽƱǡ
ˣ·һһۺʧķ򡣴һӺȵ
һ壬椶˿̻һḷ̌ӵұòʨȴǼϰߴڣԸµص˳Ӷ֮ҲֻһһˡʨȴУΪһӦÿձȻһ֮ǰڰƳһַ֣ٵ㲦¾ǳ⳵Ǹɵζˡ
һڸ񶷷˵ָʨȴҲӿʨѧ˲ٵĶӶ֮Ϲеģ
󲿷ʱһľ̵ѧƤزص֣ʱõҲ㡣
һºҲʮ³ѽصʱڣ¶ȱ֮ǰ½˲٣ٲȵܲˣ¶ȻͣȻűװ̶ֳһЩ߸е˲½ضҪһκƽ٣˶һ£ƽ٣⻹ƽս˶˰
һĺѽǣԶΰĳǽһоѣӰ֪иĸãϹܿΣ»֮ʱ»۹һȥꡣ
ˣľ̼һ˼Цʡ
ǰЩѵͲ𣿡һЦʼ練ʵ
ľһܿһû
ʱѵǵĳſڣһһȻħݡûܹϳ
ʱ˵ƺûиıʲôĽֵӵȺΰؽȻ
ʻһһĽֵһƬ䱸ɭϵĹۡѲߵĶʮһˣ˸¡
Ī֣ͣһͣһƿӿ档ͻȻһͼ
ʨͣһͳһӸʨż壬Ȼ˰һС
ĪȥҼңԺͻһ弸Ů˵
ҿҪȻҵ˷ȥͰɡľЦ
һͷڰźʧڽֵŴϵİһҡεسִбһҳеȥ
ҳеǴˣΪʹò÷춼Ǵɹϣǹټҵµѡء
̺ܴƽף㣬δӵ͵ߡ
һֱ㣬عС㶼ڴѡĳУĵطһƻòٸϸѡţվŮŸֶĽ׳͡
ٷˡҪ𣿡һλŮЦʵȻѾǳˡ
ǰҹҼҷҲʱˣؼٸЦȻ˲ٵ㽺˼һڻŮϡ˵ٸȴ顣
ҿٷĲϣϼˡŮЦ
ٸЦЦָǰĳеҪȻ͵Ÿϰɡ
һվϹܿŮĶԻ۽ǲЩʪ󣬶λýȢĽޣûӦΡ
ţЩүҪˡŮҪϹܿضʹ͵ŸʱһȴŰֲ˹һѰסŮҪߵĳС
ɲʱһƬȻ˭ıӵżٷˣǻòͷˡ
λˣٷҪġŮֵϾʱżνһ졣
үеĶûи߹ңҾӡһſ˵
Ҳ¡ŮûӲɽôȥһҲǿӲ
Ϲֱܿ㶵ضһòӸտʼķŭΪɻ̽תֱΪ㯡
˶ôűүĪǿ˱үȥҸطȱСȽΣһٺЦԻϹ㣬ϷЦ
һȻ˶˰һҵϷżٷˣ֪ôء
ϹܿͺŮͲסϾȻħĲв֡
ס֡Ϲ㽿ȵ
ôͨǰɣǾ͸ү߰ɡһٺЦţħצϹܿ°ͣʱѻȸ
ϹܿûжܣֻһĿԽԽᣬ󾹷Өۿڴת
ðҸߣҾģ㲻׼ҡϹܿеĸɵҲóؽëһգʱ˳ն¡
ٷˣ⡭ǵŮҪ֪۹ڸҪʮֿ̣Ϲܿ񲻰ӳǽˣ˶ˣһЩԵĹСѾʼ
һһǰ˫Ϲܿȥϵˮʵ㣬ôϳҵģ
Ϲܿȴֹݺݴһһţ̶͵ĻУʵ󻵵ΪҾϲϵζҲˡ
ԲܿһӵסϹܿ૵
󻵵۸ҡһ۸ҡϹһеſߣ˫ôһĺ󱳣˼ĺӵⶼصϢҸ׼
ʱ˲ŻȻ򣬸ļһŶװģ˼ҷ޲ŽķޣƾϢҲϳԼô᲻ԼҷϢʲôرأ
ʱ¥鱻̤졣һȫװѲһӽһŰΧ
󵨣ſٷˡΪ׵һȵ
һ˷ۣ˴ĲǸϵغõطôȺһ§סϹܿһʧڵڡ
ٴγʱѵŸϿաʱõŶٻϢŸæǽڴʨһ˺ȻҲڡ
үˣүˡһϹܿʱѾָ˱ĿЩŮҶ˷ܵؽлͣʱ˲뵽ƺүڼҵʱ϶ʮ֣ڵʱܾġ
һӻˣ񼴿̳˳ȥĩᵹ˳һĸα뻵ס
һɿϹܿżĶһᣬЩʣףһˡ
´һƺûһŰģĨȥһѾסһĶ䡣Сӣ㻹ûؼҰ֪𣿡
ӴףʹһСУȴһ˿Υܰ
þӣŵһʹ㼱æɿ֣ضִ˴ǰһСʱǰ㣬ǵһԼײǣӱִ۵׾Ͳˡ
ҪҸסһŲ
ֻһǿϢϮԵԱһøղλ۵СŮСĸ㽫һ󣬶ʱɻĿһ
˵ɡһһѱ椶Ц߽˴
һʼһ渵ʱŮҲָ֮ǰòʱöĿϾӣЩɰһһˮ飬ԼôƭֵģֻϧλǶӵŮˣҪȻżλŮϱǸö簡
ϹܿЩζۿŷߵŮԽԽ࣬ЩŮеıԼƯҪеĽøһһʱ䶼ࡣΣżýȢĴ󸾣ҲǴţȻ֮ҪֻԼҵķ̫ˣôŮ˵š
ǿϹܿ˼˾ñط꣬ǵദѰ˸ڽ˴ˣ˶ģĻ᲻װ
һϹܿصԼԺһжǰһ㣬룬ɸɾӿְʱǼŻеĸоɡ
һϷţϹܿƻ𣬴ӣСֻѧһ·ֻĩȣ⼼ƺɬࡣ
ܿ𼱣еʱ䡣һϹܿķ۱ЩˣѾͷΣˡ˵ԼǷ֮࣬ʱѣ˺ܴίԼߺڶ࣬꣬Ϲܿһʱ޵ý
һ⻨ֵ£˵ؼ鿪ʼ£ҲԽԽ١
ϹܿۺСͷһ죬ȫһ˵ôһ̼ﵽһС߳
Ϲܿļţ̰ѩףǷŹĽСɫʱѰβסһϿʼ۳ң̵ͦ鲨ֱεһɾ죬ɢĺڷʶҵط˦Ұջ
ãϹܿһƳתڳ۳дﵽ˶壬۶¶ԴԴӿ´ʪ͸̱һС
һҪϹع񣬸оһĻһﻹؽĵȻÿĩҲȻġ
㣬ҪٴζСһЦŽϹܿѹףһִսĻ

һҪ
û⡣

˼һҪ
á

Ҫ

һһγ˯ȥϹܿСӾͰǿҪһ˵ŻҪһ߽㡣
ϹܿһУ˫ֽ§סܵƵģ΢һ㷴Եرø
ɫͷµĽȻһ󲨶һüȴϹܿצһסһָϹ˯Ѩ
үү鷿㡣һԺ˵
һͷ·ųŭ鷿ȥ


503 ޺һ˵


һ·ȥһŸɭ࣬з͵һ޵㽫Ÿ»סɹһֻҲӲǵĶĿΪŵԵʰɣһʲô©ǿǰ
һ鷿ĴȻƿŭվǽڵһǰǻϵŽףִ񱳾УɵӲŭżžס
ˡŭûлͷֱͦļ˪Ȼɽһ߰ƽƺûκθ
ǵģסһŭѾ׵ͷ֣ǵǰҲֻ޺Ͷͷ˶ѣû뵽̶ȴˣҲ˶ġ
꣬ĲŭתȻȻƽĿȴǼΪοûʧ
һЦЦûд𻰣ĿⶢŭǷ
µԶᣬһźϣźֲŭ̾һ˵
ףȻľƿżռϷ磬ƺƽùͷһЩ鱨ü˵
һµ۹Ƿ׵ˣľսҪʼˣϼżעֻһŭƲǰ˵
һͷ˭˭Ӯ۹ҪһδϴᲷ࣬߶֪Щӹ֪һѡǵļԵֻ
ס硭ôˣһʵ
ڽھһְϣǸѾ֤ʵǰսغڰҲѲ˹ϵ벻սһͿһʱҿЩ˴̵⡣ŭߵǰһ뿪Ǻר˶鱨Ա顣ƬľǵֽƬϵּǰֵطָ塣ұڵһЩ˿
һüͷ΢΢һ壬ľǸŮˡĪҲǰ̫԰˵ļָʥ֣ǰֽȻͬ벻ͨ
Ϊ鱨ϷսĺڰѾ͸ķ棬Ļܲ˶٣ǵҪֻЩǰŭ˵ȨʧܡҲ̴ýɽǰС
һӾĿǰǵƽһַ֪̽һϾôˣʼüꤡ
ʱ𣺡үҡ
֨ѽһƿżһ˽Щֵ˵үŸջһͨҲôõ·ĳԵ
ףֲġʮʮҹ˯ҲûʲôӰ졣һЦ˵
ʲôǿ³Ե㶫߶
ҲȷǶˣӱ̻ԱߣϵֿСģﾡŨŨҸĲϣԼطͺʲô£ֻҪôһһͺسԶٷˣֻ֪żѾزͷˡ
㷹һĶӣط˾Ǻó԰ͻȻһһ飬ȴֱ˻ȥ
ʲôҪ˵𣿡ŭһģɻʵ
СУܣֻ˵һһתЦ˵
ܣԶӣʲôҪװһ˵ֻ϶ʱЦһ仨֤ԼڶеĵλǶһ޶ġ
һŶһƫ½磬˽ģöҲ
סɲɸң޺޵׺͸ôһ°һŶɫСʵ֪׶ڸ鷽ǼΪС۵ġⷽ˵öܰΪƣ֪ŮǲŮȨǡͬǶɹ˶ܰܵúܲң˭һĴܲء
Ȼɫ΢΢һ䣬û˵Сӣص˾Ϊ
ףĿصġ͸Ұɡһס
ɵضһһۣҲ֪ӲôԵˡ·޷˵㸸ǳ£ƣһλ½Ụ̊ˣҲ޺ޡ
ףȷʱǸŮ޺ޣһʵ
üһһʻĳЩأ϶Ůʱұڳ޺Ҳҿųģôд
ôȷ޺ǡһ뻹û˵ڡ
ӣ㻳޺޲żҵ֣εȴ̰յһ˼
ǡһλŪ޺޵ԲЩһʡ
иݣֻɲ˵ءɫһƬ޺޵ȷż֣ô˵˴żͷϣдȥ˵سЦŭҲüˡ
һ룬Ȼ˵ϣҲûȥıҪˣ׶ǸܲЩʲôҲ˵
һԣٷְٿ϶޺ҲѪԵϵһü˵õҲһ
һҧĿȻĹâĶӲ޵ķʸȻô˵һ£޺ûѪԵϵôԲż֣˭Ҫżڹ
ѵǡͻȻʲôʱ䣬徹Щ
ʲôһ׷ʵ
ƤܿƵһҼǵǸŮүүһŮ˴ؼҵأ˵·Ͽģڸ㸸׵ŮȴЩԾǸѾͷùɫ㣬ôܻǼأ
˵´ͷβүүһְŵģһüʵ
֪ϧүүѾʮûѶҪȻˡҡͷеѲ˸ϵ
һͻȻʥħѧԺŷ裬ʱ˵һ仰ԭżҵСӣ벻һգ۱㳤ôˡ
仰˼ǲǴڿСʱԼ᲻үүͬǸŮأն˵޺ż岢޹ϵˣô޺ޣ޺޵ĹϵȻˡ
˵Ҳˣǧܸظף𣿡
֪ף֪Ҳ˵ˡһӦյֻŷԼүүܽ⿪ˡ


504 磬ˮ


޺޵һûٶ룬ϵãĸҲʮָӣϣڵ֪ԼúﾹԼЩģ֪ǲǺаͷ
һ߳żĴţʱɫûȫǽֵѾʼΪ˯һǴ˿˿
֪ΪΣһܾЩ䣬ƺȱЩʲôЩʲôأһӽͷߵβٴһ֣ʼ׹ȱЩʲôǵǰʲôʱֻҪĵطܻţǰڲ³ʱвãصоǿ
ţӦںɽҸΪ˸ɣʱͨʮ˵ҵ˿ǲǻأһͷһ˿ܰ
ʶأһıŽŲͻȻĽŲһͶĹˣǵķһ֣صǰⴱոµ¥дк˴¥ֱֵ˵Ժк˴䣬ޱߡ
֨ѽһһƯĹŹǷƿٽֵĴдһһĿվк˴¥Ĵǰͷɾ棬Ѳ˾ʵ˳̶ȣ컹ĩҹҪ֪Ժһ춼ŵġ
ΪһӦĴѡк˴¥ͷ֮һ䲻ǹɫ㵫ȴʮζرСκˡ
ͷȻͷƵȨÿֻҪһЩ߹ԺպϼƣȴҲס֮ҲνղпýղֻһЦˣκ˶мǮҲ⡣ֻļǮڲͬˡ
ܿ㷢Լˣк˴¥ʱ˶ǼѰʳҰǣǸоһҲ΢΢һ¡
ʱתҪߣͷһɳλӣһΣ
һ͸оʲ¥ڿҲû⣬ȴҪߵʱŮȴס
Ⱦ𣿿ϷĩǷ𣿡һתʼ翪Ц
ûϵ㣬šѿ˵֪Ϊλһμô档
ˣȻ룬ҾͲˡһЦŽŵ㣬Ӱһվڴߡ
ﾪһؿڣûмŮˣҲЩߵȼħʦͽʦȥȴĩ˭ٶһһȡ
һ䡣ǿ֣װεʮ£к˴¥Ӧõλ͡
һ¡˵ű˳ȥһȲ˺һС̳ơ
һոճԹķ˻ûãöֻ߰ˡ
֪أǰɴĩһ߸һһЦʵ
Ҿˡֻǳ⣬˴θոջѡһһƴ
ѹˣոҿƺ£˵ôֵһʵǰ⿡ĿⲢĩͣ𱩵ϣһͨˡ
һҡҡͷɫĩ䣬ֻüĿһ˿к˴¥ǰ¥Ҳ鱨֮ܵһ̼ǵ̸ƮѩѾͷֵһĻĻ£ֻʱҲǣ¥ѱһѻΪҽƮѩ֪٣һжսɵĺ£Ǳɡ
һһеĴɱһ죬ֱӱһһŷۡ
ﾪһ
ˣһЦ
ͷּæҡҡͷϰ˵˾飬Բ鲻ˣ˵ʲôǾʲôһдҲǶԵġ
ϰ˭һʵĹ۲죬Ůƺ̫鱨ռˡ
Ҳֻ֪֪һֱǻǡ
һüк˴¥ϰҲ򵥰
ҵ֬ꡭ˭һŷۺɴµŮŶһڴ˲һ㶡
죬ǡҵһѡû뵽ýûͻȻ֪ش
欣پ£ˮһˣֻ¶ĹͶߵľ̲˲ֹһΡ
λļҹӰһ߳°سһ˵ÿԡ
ļҹ㲻ˡһĵЦ
˵Цˣҿɴĩӣ֪˭۵
һٺЦƳһۡǳЦ˲䴩͸顣ŮڽʱһŵϤʶ˲٣Ů˷ϳȴװɲʶǰûмǱǿػֻһ˻ڲʶ¿ػǱ鱨Ա
εԵЩˣԴҲǼռ鱨ġȴȻ֪ⱳϰΪηôõĹ߲ã
챻һͷŻšƺȫһվǰû˿ܿԣҿ϶ǿݡ
ʱѴͷͻȻһһͣк˴¥شǰһźڰĿ˴š
̽ͷһعͷЦˡؿˡ
￴˿һ죬˵ʲôӥӿɲҵˡ
úãĽˣǿλӰָҪˡûҿһֻҪԱֻǴһԴ׵غϷˡ
ˣ㿴Ҹʲôˡűûйءһ˳˽ϵһһɲʱ
һ۾̧֮ӣ̫ӥ⵹ˣæżԵļһôܵ¥һŮɲط
˶ȥӥϵȻɢŮһ
˳ȥǴȴأվŭҵķ䣬ƾʲôҳȥλҵĿˡϣ㲻Ҫŵ
ʶòҪɣܲܽһķأһЦ
ŶɵɵӦһת˷䣬ĵشš
ӥĿһ鴤һĶ棬ؿʱ򡣡
һĩֻ̧ǰӥһƣ̫ӥʱ䵽Ϊһ¥ŮԴ׵صزôԴӹҹ֮ζͱˣ
һӥһƵӱӲһǡ
ҵŮˣϣסӥһɱڵ
̫񣬶ֻ֪ҪԸ⣬ĸԸسΪҵŮˡһٺЦƵıӥγǿҵĶԱȡʱҲǲ죬鳡ʥӥȻᰮһ¥ŮӡȻΪβֱӱݽ빬СܿһˣӥǸ߰ÿȷĿ󶼻뷽跨öԷҲ˵ɫҲǷֵεģһŮ˵ԶȵõһŮ˵Ҫֵö࣬Ȼӥǰߣֻһ벻ӥƺд¥ŮûбԼȴƺġ
Ҳóѵġӥҧгݵ̬ƺһЩ˲١
ڳȥǹ⣬ȻǸռûպᣬǡһһʧڷڡ
ӥĿȻиǷһ˿Ц૵ż죬ȵʱڵĿһҪúһʹȥ

ס¶ȵػÿٳȣҲ˲٣ʱЩ֮ʱ仹˸оͦġ
ʥħѧԺؿγ̸ոսУ԰ﾡǴŲͬרҵεѧ
ˮʦҵһƬ֮ģô߹󣬾ϵǳһҵΪȼաҵΪţҡһʮ˾ϥأضʥħѧԺʦףΧ۵ڴ塣
ˮЩЦãѾǵһˣҪ־͹ֵһǸСӣŪĸ״ӴѧԺʷھȻչΪʥħѧԺɫˣһԣҪ󵨵˵˲Ż棬ѧǷ׷ѧǧٹֵĸ׷ʽ
ˣ֪ˣһĵʦģšˮһ˵
һվǰֳһ߰˳ߣĴ󺺣űǿЦ
ˮʦҴˣҲˡһѾûӰˡ
ˮЦҡҡͷԼĽʦȥ
̣һˡˮϰԵغһȴһ㶯ûС
֡ȥˡˮƿˮķţ÷տյʵ
ҪţˮյĶȴһͣҵ˿Ҫ֪ˮһ࣬ÿηﶼŪһȾ룬ôӶû
ˮ˽ȥոӣɫʱò԰סֻõɫ˿ϺȻһ鰵ɫѪӻû͸
̡̣ˮһֵ̿س˳ȥ

ǹһɽϣˮɫ԰׵һϣվŵһλ۵
һʣʱ䣿ˮƽʵ
꣬ȻѪһûгɹѾ𻵣ҲΪ̾һʵ档
ꡭˮɬһЦаʱʲô
ʲôĩ˵ԸϽȥɣ˵˵ҪԼź˵һ˵źЩƮȻиж
ЩллİæˣŮҲ֪ʲôˮƺǿˣҲ
Ҳֻ֮У֮£ظеǷҡҡͷһʧԭء
ˮоѪƽ˳ֱֱ࣬վЩҿ췽ѹƣڣʹȥҲԩֻĶŮеĸ񣬿ýĳ綼Ҫ
ˮصʥħѧԺˮն켱ˣˮæץסʵ̣㵽ôˣﲻ𣿡
û£õġˮ΢Цˮյ
㱻ϵѪô£ˮղĵʵ
ǸڤʱͻɵѪУѾûˣֻǲһҪͻˡˮƽؽ͵
ղŲûˮվĩòײˮϺãĹϵͻͽء
벻뿴ĸףˮסŮС֣ͻȻðһ䡣
ˮջһẉ̂Ըȥ𣿡


505 ʦʧ


ĵɲǼ䱻ڵɽ¥ĸо
һ̧ͷϿǴǿѹȵĵ͵ƣͷЩ꣬ʶϵħܵӦ
ûһ鿪ʼ䣬˵϶ۣһ꣬ȥɵĻ·˷׷״ֵԵĵжܡ
ǽĵһ꣬ǷǵûбԹϲ쳣̫󣬿в˶Ҫп񻶰ɡ
һ֪ʱѳţϲκν缰֣ʱȫʪ͸һһƬϤСԶСӱߡ
þûܹˣˬһ϶ͷĺڷ°ȥֱһҪض
һͦżָ߾٣ͷ΢΢üĵĽɫӡǹâת
ɣǿųһһһƫлһüĵӡ֮ϡҵĺڷȻưôƮɣϸܵɫ绨ȫһػƵһ֣ˡ
Ȼһۣɹɫϵɲʵ߾ڿеһĨϹ
ۣһȻһһѪüĵӡɲʧϵҲڣʶ类˺Ѱʹ
һСƽϢŷڵѪ
̫Զˣ֮Ͳڵõϵأǲ֮˰һĨȥǵѪ૵ǿǿԴӣ֮ȴֻոոӦ㱻ɣԷļһ治ġ
ƽСΪϸ˿
һŷĺˮȻղͼٻ֮ϵɣ֮ȴǿ٣Ÿղһ˲ĸо
ȻĻһ֣Ϥĺ𣬵ƮһǼ䡣Ȼˮ˿ȴҲܲϡ
Ȼ⾳ͼɣõ𣿡ԶһĨӰĵһ˿ɻһ˿ġ
ʱҲһҸ顣㲻𣿡һûлͷЩƮ
ƺǶƸУ̫㡣ľŤͷһĿƺϿһ仨
ΪӦʲôġһתͷЦʡ
ţ˵ֹ̫ۣǿа񣬺ɫʱ򻹾Щľ̿Ц
Ϊȷһ˽ԼǺǡˣô֪⣿һЦʡ
ˣð㡣ľһƳ˿˿ƣҲɰһЩ
һɹȻһЦûлӦƺԼ˼֮СľҲĬһ磬ʶһĵεΣﷺĸо
̣ʲô˵ҪﵽĿʲôȻһʵ
ľһ㶣ƺ֪λشòĵû룿ﵽĿ겻ԼģǱ˵ġ
Ҳ˵һֱΪ˶һüʵЩ졣
ľһо仰ƺй¶飬ǿЦһˣʲôأưԲ½𣿡
һһЦҡͷҵܼ򵥣㲻ţֻƽԼŮ߱ÿ䡣ϧ粻Լ˵㣬νڽɼҲһĸ壬ǣ˵棬ǣһȫⶼǱƳġ
ľ̾þһǴŵ㵭˸еĲһ̾ǰǱƳһˣԼֺγˣ룬Լ
һվһˣðʪ͸ת۱øˬ
̣սǱûʲô仯ɡһʵ
Ǹһ£սľʦһֱƱչأҹҲŷչصķӰûһƺӿˣҾȻûеõһϢľ£ص˵
ʧˣʧǸãԸҪȶԸսѲöࡣһɵЦ
ľҡҡͷֵֵЩֻĺڰĩ춯ɢʦʧٵϢȻ˶޶ԣ𣿡
ȥˣѶֵµ˽ˡһ°˵
ܰɣͷʧɡľüĵﾹȻ˿˿ɱ
һز׽ľ̵ɱƾľֱ̿Ӵؾʦıչط˵սЩڰаһҪĽɫ


506 ȡӡ


Ƶ֮ҹǳ죬ҹ紵׶͡
Ϣ޶࣬ҹʱҹʱ֣һЩҪѽ硣
Ⱥһϴĵ죬ľʱһĨӰƮ˲һŴ¡Σһ˫̽˳գſǰԶɽˣ˶۾ţȴ
ȻǿһһĻŮɽǰ
۴ţһۣĿ¶֮ɫ
ףֵడģôŮһɫۼף綢סʳĶһ㶢
׵ٶֵֵ࣬ұȥɡһһĵ˵
ҹ˭ȥˣǲԺǡ׵ٶĵ¶ħ΢Ц
һۣԴп뾪塣
ǡ÷ְ֪أһǵġһĵȴǵùҹҲһϵƤҪһˡ
ǵ飬ϸ롣ǱػǱ𷣣׵ٶϵЦԽãֻȴȫ
ػΪΣԹԵظ׵ٶƨڿն𣬶׵ٶڿлعͷǺӰصصطգգ۾
³³һǽа취Ƶҳһɽ
ɽ֮߳һϵס͵͵Ǳбġ³Ҳֻܰ̾Լʱôһ㡣
³ǶɽǳϤҴܿһ֧ĵײײһȻȪǺܴһҪϴ뻯Ϊβſɡ
³ͷԵ̽ͷʱһͣ鿪ʼӿ죬ֻԲεȪԵʯϣŮߡеؿʮ꣬촽룬һֻצǷȴӵ˶֮ϣһ׳ӵĶϡ
ϼһ³ǰһ۾ȴֱ㶵ĶŮ˵ĺ˫ȼ֮ˮʲϡ
Σ³ǲԼѹഺ궯Ϲŵغסͷһһ˫Ůȥ
Ů˵ȻǷϼӣ³Ǻ׵ٶ̽ˣÿ˱ᵽȪϴ裬һϴһߴŹϵ˶Ȼ˼ǧ궼ûһӰӡȻִ˲ƣϷ޺֮˯øһ㣬Ҳѡټϸ³Ϣĸ磬аڲѷϵõӡ
³Ƕӣ۾ŷ鷿ϵĴָ֣ǲгӡĿռָ
ϣԲˡ³аסͳһ͸ƿӣһʺѪҺ
ƿѪҺСصڷϵĿռָϣָֻһѪɫĲơ漴ָƽ
³иⱦڣħܴݿ
ȻһĨӿռָγһɫĽӡڰת³ϲóһöһģһĳӡڷϵĿռָڣ漴ӡб˳ȥ
ô̼³һ߳ɽֻСȷѱˮ͸
³Ǹûһ׵һȳһյػˡ׵ٶֲᰡ
⵺ϱԵɳ̲ϣ³׵ٶؼЦ
³ǣظɵò׵ٶŽɫĳӡЦеڵܼܵһģֱĵһƨɳ̲ϡ
³żӵ𣬺ٺЦϽ㡣Ұôһ£ӦȥǼǲǡ
ǸƨڲŪ߿鳤ӡиʵӡû͵ء׵ٶ˵ܵһۡ
Ͻ㣬ǲ˼𣿸ûһᣬ񸸻ʶˣ˵Ƿֳӡǵ˰ʻ᲻ǣ³µؿڵ
ʲôûд·ػһ㲻ӡǰĹɣʺͳҪĻҲ֮ûµġ׵ٶһں˵
ǵҲǣˣһȥ˯ˡ³ǷģϮ˵
׵ٶӡպãѾ߿鳤ӡõ֣ʣʵӡˣԽ
Ծأ׵ٶǸӾʧӣаӣڵļµӣǻЦݡ
ߣҰôæʲôлҡ׵ٶ΢΢һЦ˵ɷ

ڶһ磬˯׵ٶͻȻһŵõ۾ȻļϿԺشһѹ
ᱻ˰ɡ׵ٶǽӡ鱻Ҫ·ˣȻҲѲƤ
׵ٶɽһ̽ͷӸ˹ƼΪƴ
žһ׵ٶһ£·Եһ̧˹ȥҪ·
ֻһҽУűص죬׵ٶɻתͷ³ǱŶڵһΡ
³ǣû°ɡ׵ٶ֪ոǷԵһжεطʵ
˵û£Ͻ㣬Ϊʲôһĵܵܣ찡ɱҰɡ³ᣬڶڶˡ
ʲôһ㶼ܲԺô游ʵλð׵ٶüĿһ˹ȥ
³Ƿ˷ֹۣ֪˵Щʲô
ȥԾ̾·𣿡׵ٶ³ǻ쵽Ⱥ档
󣬵ǧԵúӵЩݲݵҲŲסӴ˳һ㶼Ϊμƽ̹ش
е룬ĸߴһ׵٣ΪεԼʮͣ룬һԣ˲һ֮ӣһǸƲ
˴ټǰոյõϢħһ徹˵²׼̤ԼħΪν˲½硣˵
ʱһ֣һħһĳģʼΪħһԸʶ壬ǽһͼı
׵ٶһֻҪûб֣ǲùء


507 ټĽ


Ǹ߹ػ½еķħһͼıҾһľӢǰ̽һħһ̽磬̬һɸɱ˵
˻һ׵ٶ˶䣬ӵתͣȻͬɲ
ôƴĵطһͼǧ˭尡ôûᣬǶ뵽ʶһ¡
䣬һ徫Ӣ
Ͻ㣬㵹ǿȥ͸˵ǧѷĺûᰡ³ۼñ˷׷ܲ׵ٶ˳ش˶ʵأԼǰ˵ĻûϷ
ʲôЩһӮҰ׵ٶϾ˵һЩһ˭Ҹ
ʵҲ֤׵ٶһ˵ͷǰһվЩһ忡ܶʱѻȸ
׵ٶŮҲͷۣʵһûжֻ֣Ƣʵ˲ҹάȥһҲǺ¡Ǹ׵ٶƨɺǵıӣҲȥʶɣֻһסţƳվڲԶڵķϡ

ҹȻַǷ˼վͼӭµһ꣬ҼһΪ˶æµ߲ħνװ
Ȼ˻Ҳ嵭˽ɱ֮Ӵĵһ֮أ׼ﷸڴˣͣĽŷɭâɫؼףִħìļ¡
̤ҹɫһȰܹѲߵĽӣɿشܵ˽ڲü춼ϲĽĽݲֻˡ
ĽݲסΣһϵ½һȾǹӰһ
ϼһȥˣһһƨɳϣͻƨЩ̫Ծһͣһɫİ͸Ĩضʱǰ
һؿǰɢŵ˷ߵ¡
̫̫ˣû뵽ĽݲϲĻȺãǱŮûϴģҲ֪Ľݲ͵ģ
һ»ˣͻȻվڷ﷭һһŮ˵ѱ˳ֿʽڿĿ
û뵽û뵽ȻǺڰޱȡһһѵŮ·ֱ뷢ЦĽݲἢʵ̶ֳ˰ɣҪȥú÷һ¡
ʱζ˵ͻȻϢĻһϤƮһϸ룬һɫĶżĺХϮһĺ󱳡
৵һɫһĲӰα֮ϣĽ
һعͷͷϻһ͸طɫСڿ㣬üĿִŮ΢Ц
֪᲻ˣôûҿˡһٺЦԼĽݲˣЩŮ·ĽģֻĽݲøŮԼȥˣ
Ľϼ˫գӣһ˿ûôҲڲס
˭㰡ңĽбǰһһѽһеСڿ˲ȴǲһغ
һٺһЦͻȻ˵Ľµ۹̸еӡ΢΢һҲйôһӡ
һͻȻһĻ֮ɫĽĶһһʼæҵʰһѣԼеĻ֮⡣
һһƨɳϣùһƿĽݲղصĺþһһ߿Ľæ
һ㿴ûУĽһǳȵƵƵô룬ת
һ࣬һ㣬ֱһõɫĴơ
ûУһҲһҰһͣŵһĽצһ§סĽС
㡭ʲôĽ˸촽һ仰˵һŷѡ


508 еĺڰ֮


ʲô˵ʲôأһõͳһĽĶ󣬴Ħš
ĽֻһһŷҪĳؿڣҲ֪һѽһƿŵźȾĨϼǻɬɷ
㡭ɫǣԲġĽֻȴжٻ
һٺһЦǰҪ˵ȴĽܾӰԶԶ㿪εһƨɳϣֹô𣿡
ȻЩͷ¡Ľһεı飬Ц
һ˷ۣʵʲôʱģĽݲϲȥˣ
ĽһɣĹĵүү
ѾͷƬ֪ⲻһŶȣб˵
㡭ǿǶˡĽߺߵתڴϷһ鵱治
һٺһЦһĽߣŮ˱ǶƨɳĽ˼һ˿治Ұҿˡ
Ľ񱴳ҧ´ۺ׽֯һ˵ķ羰۵˭ҪԶһ㣬Ҫҡ
һ۾ЦĽĿֱӡ
Ľ͵һͻȻһΣնԵϢ֪Ȼһû괫˵еǰ޳ܣҲƲʲô˾ӡ
ԶһˡĽغøһԽԽ˫ȥ
һȴ˳§һĽͻȻƵһ㡣
СⳤҹҪһͳЦ§סѵĽ
Ľ֪ԼѣֳؿڿϣͬķſԼ
Ľȴ뵽⸱һŶôɱһ붺ģʱȴ˱Ըò
Ҫһһ죬ɲǼסĽĺ촽һ˫ħצ¡η۱ƣȵ֮㽫һȼա
Ľͷһ硣ǳһɴʶһ̲ˮһĻС
ƣĥڻĸžʱĽѰ⣬¶һƬѩϸؼԲһħצбŰ任Ÿ״Ĳ鶯˵ķۺɫʡ
ȻĽһ˫ٿȻнĩ˴Ů˽ڲ֪бһһֻħצ롣
СԣţɡһҧĽľ¶Եصлص
һİĽĽ΢΢ȴʼɡ
һָãŪĽ˽ܵŮأо˶Ǵ¶ԴԴϵӿ
󻵵㡣ĽͻȻһ˫رһ٣̣ȻѾͶһȡˡ
һаϲȥ˰µһ׷ͻȻоĳһһ쳣΢㲻ͣ
ܹе˽ԷǷ֮粻ʩչħʿЩ˻ᶷħͷŷҲǲܡƫƫ΢һ˿ڰϢ𶯣ɲһеˡ
ôˣĽĿȴΪŮҪһȴһͻȻû˶һɵӱüʵ
һʱȫĽѣʵСûиоһֵ
һ;Ľ±Щգһôһ˵ҲӦҡͷƭӣʲôֵ
Ӧ֡һüȻܹ϶ظоֵ
ĲĽһǿЦʵ
ڰ֮ǳȥһ˵ű·һ㽫βƵŸˡ
Ľݼ汲ͷֻĽݼ֪Ļ壬ԤһһʹĽݲｫĻظһ
ѰһĽӴĽػӣǲܼѲԹߵƽʱӰ
ΪüѺŲͬ͵ķˣʣֻҪ˽ܹȥĿԼΪ㡣
ѲƵ˽ĶǰĺȻȫв֪ɵɫĽǽſֲɫ绨
һһǵĵطİǱطҲ￪ħ·ʼ
㷢ʲôǲĽײײһֱ˵
ֺǡһʼ
Ľûذһһۣҹ۲ﹲֲ֪ɵηÿηϵĴŶǶһɫʯͷ֮ΪʯҲǽЩԴͷ
һ۾׽΢ȷʵλƺη棬η档
ѵη滹ж죿һ
ǰһϵĹףЩ˵Ϥڡ
һһ΢΢һһյƯڰյĹħƣȴһã뷢ѩ׵ͷǽӲʱûһĸоȥһʱˣηԲűʬ岻ɡ
ͷʲôأܹηеĿɾǵ֮Ҳ֪Ϊʲôԭץ˽ɲΪʲôɱ˷ŻĸвմѪȡ
ҿҿĽһһѽһƿȥ漴ƲƲһʬѣʲôÿġ
һЦЦĽݲ̹ķ֪ηĴŴ򿪣оصη±ߣĽݲɴûж˵η»ء
ηһͷ߶£ָ˴ͷ壬Ӳøһʯͷһ㡣漴һͷĴ
ѾˣʲôҶ塣Ľ񿴲ȥŭ
ͷ϶ͨˣֻ뿴ûʲô֤ݵĶѡһһ˵һ߽ͷ˸
Ľ񾪺һһһۣӸԵп˶Էľ


509 ʬ֣صս


ֻͷ¾һԴСĶڣܲһĽԾأҪ֪ⲻ֪Ľ֮Ӳʯй֮޲ڽĽħҪƻֽ̾ͳɵĵ죬ӵаһ˵Ҳô׵飬ƫƫͷˣȻѾˣȴò
λϲڵضӳֻϧľҲֻڳôСĽҡҡͷ̾Ƕ̽̽һ䣬¶ϧ֮ɫŵֻôһҪͨˣλϲʵʯɳͲܹ赲ϧ̫ϧˡ
һȴǲԲոþ̽Ǻڰ֮Ǵ´ԴСĶڣ޴Ӳ֮
¾ʲôأһüĿһ˿
Ľһü˼ǣ֣ĴָָСָ£ֻʳָָͦϵĿռƺһɲǵŤ
Ȼһһָ㳯Ƕһ㣬Сٶȵļ޲һƬƬزӰ
ֻһ΢졣ĶͻȻ͸һ߹âĽһһȻ֪ж졣
һʳָ촽ʾĽӣֻһֻ۳ϸСĶȥ
ɼһҵһǣ͸Сļµĺڰ֮ԵŨֻϧܵޣĩµЩʲô
ҿĽҲ촽һϴ䴵ʱһһ⣬ΪڹԼء
һÿӣĽ˹ȥ̧ͷʲôûˣǰͨȥɡ
һ˫һЦͨԡ
Ľ񽿺һܴͨõŽ𣿡
һƲƲ죬ϸϸӦһ£ȷʵûˣ·ҵı߽ϣǴط̽ҪȻôСһǲ˷ֵġ
һЧԭһһָ·ǱһȫͨʱѱһԴСĶˡ֮ԲȭΪ̫ݾߣôΪͷѾڵֻʣһˣҪڶһ˵ҲһƴḶֲ֪́ļӲ̶ʵЩϡ
ôһôȥĽɻʵ
ȥҽȥԹţȥһٺЦվǡؽڴʱհյ
ĽһԣҪһкͨ챾¿ԴԴСĶڽ롣
ֻһ˫վڶڣһĴ죬ĽĿɿڴع·ˣһ˫ƺһû˹ͷǹشⶴһ˽ȥһ״һ㻬ȥ
Ľ񳯶һõµһָڰֱʧǰ
һʯңʯڵɫƺɲĩãʯҶ߰һţǱӦûңʯǱߴŨڰ֮ŵѪ֮һüͷ
һʯǰ̽ͷһʱһ䣬ɷһһʯң𾪵ѻ˼ǺиʬŨصëȻ
һüͷһӯ̤˽ĹˣЩʬȻ֮ǰżԹ֡
ܿ죬һʯҵľͷһȽյʯţǺڰ֮ʯŵĺй
һþϸϸ̽ͷʽ̿ͻȻǰľ΢΢һͣﰵһȻأ澹Ȼżǿط磬һ˸ˡ
浽ڸЩʲôأһֻһ㣬ܾǰľô˻ȥ
У˵ʲôҲÿһۡһʼüеľ֮ð֮ںϣγһεظ硣
һ˫ֵʯ֮ϣСĵؿʼʯһƶһ˿Ƿ϶ԽԽĸܵѹҲԽԽ
ƽˣҪȻط͸ˣһĨȥͷļκͣʯŷ϶˹ȥ
龰һһֻǿʯƣ׳ݣСŮΧһȦ˿˿ƮſκɫƮȥǵıʮ־֣ۿɼٶȸɱһͻȻʯǶѻɽĸʬˡ
ʮʩĺ¼ɬɸţȻҲɡ
ʱһ˻һˣͬĺ֣Եվſκɫ壬·޼֮һ㡣
ڣǰϺԽԽҲձ˸ʬһƬʬһվŲ
ãܺãʩһηҪ󹦸ˡһ˵˹ЦЦʯڵĿ÷ԭվĸʬɲǼȫ鵹ء
սһȴ䣬Ϥɲǿ۹ʵսôôѵ˵ҲǺڰеһԱ
ĺʼգԽԽԿȷʵˡ
һ۾ʱֵսȴƺĿ㳯ʯ
һһ裬ʱǷʱ̣һʧʯ֮С
ڴʱսҲһԾʯһƣǳʬʯɨۣüͷһ壬ЩһôµģʯҲ£
һǹشԴСĶ˳￴Ľһ
ʲôĽűظʵ
⵽ôأһҡҡͷ૵˫η˲ӡ
ϼżһ𷢼ģ˫֪֪ףȻϼúڰȴûпܻǺڰˡֻǣпսνأ
ιô°Ľһӣĵ׵ĺıּһⲽӴʵ
ʲôһһۣʱһⶴڣҪȻս˾鷳ˡ
ĽһһɣҪȴʲôҲ˵ĵĪЩί
ҪҸУһбۼĽίı飬ɻһЦĽɨҪǹһ㡣


510 Ȼ游


ʲôĽԵ˺أϼղηеȱȣҲɽ
ʲôֲ㡣һٺЦҪľЧ
˭֪أĽողǲһ㱻Եùͷʣ
Ǻǣҽ㣬ȥĽݼ֮ȥʶһΣһЦ
ⲻǴΪ𣿡Ľһŭͷҡø˹ƵģĽݼӵشҲй¶
ǻһһģȥĽݲһЦ
Ľһת㳯ȥҿ϶һĵģүүĽݲʱУȥĽݲȥĽݼ֮ʲôأ
ιСٻһһΣһں溰
ĽŲһͣҪͷʱȥǲˣԥһ֮󷴶ܵøӿˡ
ѾͷһЦҡҡͷҪȥȴɨʬѽӲͷ档˵֪˭ô˵ҲһλˣҲûᷢܣӦôȥС
뵽⡣һͷֱӳ˽ҲûлȥĽˣѾͷӲġ
ͷʬɽϣҰ羰ͷҲû
ɽһǼӲʯһʯڿһͷȥ
ϲ㰲ϢɣȻǰҲˡһ˵žҪԱߵĴʯǸϡ
ɾʱһһжһոʯӵһߣովȻͷϴ΢
ѵǼɣһűֽͷͷȫȻӲ
ѡһʼоΧסͷ죬ǰĹϢ󷨣ȫޣ˴ڼ״ֻ̬ȴ͸˵ǰ㽩Ӳ
ãسӵߵһðͷղǷȴҲûг֡
Ǵˡһ̾űҪչʱһ˿ȴһγˣʱҲһˡ
һ֪ؾǴͷĵȷȷһĹ
һͷǲ֪ɵηûʳˮڵضƣʱΪ˱סֻʹֹԱһûڼҲһˡ

峿ŸַǷһĻǡҸϻ˼ɰС㡣˵ǿ϶ĩٷˡ
⺢ӡһȥˣܿ㲻֪ʲôʱȥ𣿡ϣϹܿʵ
֪Ϲһ죬ԩڵһ˯硣֪ʲôʱȥء
֪֪׿϶ƯĽȥˡڴԴ椶ͻȻ̧ͷ
椶˵椶һ۵ȵ
͵Ц椶һ˽÷ǳ͸ˣɼһɫ˾֪ˡ
ʱŭ¹ش߳ʵЦʲôأǳСȥˡ
ŭ⼸λһڶϱͰǰϵӿ֮ˡ
ʵ⣬һ৵һлһ߽Ӳʬ塣
˭ô˴ˣüʵ
Ӧûšһ˵ͷڵϣתǽӲôҲһˡ
ŭȾ˪ĴüһͻȻǰ˹һԵĶҲǴʧɫվ
ףôˣһŭߴ΢΢ûмӡ
ܣܵġŭݵصϥأ÷˫ֽͷİ׷˳
סŭϥر˫ϥأŵغ
Ҳ̹һһҲ߯عԱߣѵͷԼүүǡôᱻڽϸüĿŭм
һˣϹܿҲæֻ椶˳˴š
㣬ΪʲôҪ椶ʵ
ΪﲢǣһˣȴǡЩʧ䡣
ǽһ׵Ů˲һ𣿡椶˵ȴЩЦã˵߳࣬īߺڣÿǱһˡ
ŭѾлָԽϵͷСƺһë
Ǹŭ˵ű㱧ͷӽݡ
ŭͷһңڵһʯ棬þòվһ߲Ĩᡣ
ףүүһʵ
Ҹףôϴŭͷѩ׵ķ˿ͻȻתͷʵո˵游ţ𣿡
ģҲڻӦһصĹ״̬һͷȴʮ֣ȻԼүүǴˮһ˲һ˰
ŭü˼û˵żô򰡡
үǱż˸ΣλҲǸ̳Ů˵ϵ֪ģűƺôһֿ˼Ĺ˵ǴӱѧŹ
԰ݴȷôһصĹֻҪȸҪˣ⡭ȥұأŭ˵
ҵʶǱǡһ˵ŷɲǸүүһǱˣ֪ν״̬
ǾͺǾͺã˵˵⵽ô£ŭз˴ʯҲлعһʱŪȥ˭ԼױƵ־أ
һ㽫ڽз˵һ飬Ϊʲô֪ĸֻصֻ֧Ӧ£ӦĽݲ˵ġ
ŭⷽҲûжʣֻ֮ĺ⣬һȭͷյÿֱ죬ȻŭѴﵽ˶塣
ս⣬ŭΪӡŭŭ׵ĺѡ
һȴ޶˵һ˿


511 Լ


һ죬һԼ鷿˼ǣս䱳ڰķܵزΣҴ˴μϷ绯ڽǶʮ겻֪ٵүүǴľ
ףڸʲôΪʲô椶棿ʱ鷿֨ѽһ챻ƿ椶Ƿ۵Сſڡ
һѹ˿⣬治֪ʱѾ谵ֻһȦϼ֪һĴ
椶øױһ椶֣椶ĻС
椶أһϰԵ椶ཱུʵ
Ҳһڷ椶椶С˵
һһ㶣ĸҲᷢһпоͷ
绹˵Ҫһħɭ֣˵ﲻǡ椶ŵĻһٴһö˶˵أôҪȥˣѵﲻϰ
뵽һ椶ӳ鷿ѰһȦһŸ԰һƫƧ﷢Ϧǻϼӡ£òɷ
ԭĸҲôŮʱԶһ˰Ρʼ椶ȥ
ô⿴ءһЦߣ椶һ̴뻨Ϲתȥˡ
ȴͷҲĩأƺûһȻŽ³ϦﵹӳŻĹâ
һӣСĸȻ̫ûˡ
Ҹûħɭˣ̫꣬ûĺúʱȴͻȻתһ˵
ôͻȻܹ˶Ǳ߾ͻϢˡһ˵
ϢҸҰɡ
һѶҲǿֻǿβͻȻ˵㲻ƺ𣿡
ǷҶһ㡣ĩֻǿһЦ
ȻֲŰ񣬲ŷЦӺƯһٺЦ
΢΢һĨ̺죬ȴֺܿʧȴûӹһ۾һ£΢΢Щ
˵ӵħɭѾһβ̵ʱˣĹϵҲһֱ֪ôλ໥õĹϵʱ˿ȴڲ֪ѱζͨ椶Ŧ֮ƺĳѾԽѵĹϵҪ˵మĽȴΪʱ磬ֻŮ֮΢ĸо֮
ʱ԰һߴһλŮ˵ؼűһּҽСһһۣ㳯Ǳ߷Ӷȥ
ٽһ椶Ĺĵվ룬ΧʮڵϰʹԶһλɫ԰׵һͬ۵СŮ
ף۸ҡ椶һһί߹СѾͷжȸ״츳龰˭۸˭һĿȻ顣
һЦű椶תͷСѾͷײ˴ɩɩ¡
ϹĹĵظ˼ƽ£ҹܽ޷ûֶŮ
һǹһ˿ЦҲúŮαȥתͷСͣ飬ڴһУиҲֻСֶŮˡ
ףҪС档е椶ŤֺССѾͷȻ˺ü꣬ۻΪεӻȴֻС죬ȻѾΪСˡ
СһҲϣģһ޷ͶǰǻÿɰСֶŮϵƺϣԸҲð࣬ɲһ¡
ɩӣСѾͷһӦòɡһЦ˵ȴһ˿⡣
ȴһӹﷺһɺ⣬ǿЦЦ˵һ䲻СʹҴȥˡ
塣ԶС͵ﷺһĨʣûмһȴȻûǵǸϲЦů塣
һܹСҲһֱһСѾͷ˱ķˡ
ͣ벻壿һСͷ۵СһЦʡ
šСͷһӱùˣոģȫ
ףҲҪ椶첻ؿ顣

ڲԶһСŮڲݵòֺЦһ˸еܰĻ档ʱĿһǸʲôˣѪ̣崺磬ʱһûгĺӣìܵһˡ
ţһ˹СŮЦ԰ϦƺҲҫ
ݡЦ
лл佱뿪ǲٿǿǣҵһμ椶ôġһ˵
ɩƺܲŮ椶һ档ȴǴʡ
а취㲻ֶŮұȶĸ𣿡һٺЦֻЦڻϦȴԵЩɭ
㶯ɱбһһ˵
ɱӦûʲôɡһЦ
ɩȻ
ҲŹһЦ
ЦЦĬ
㲻Ϊʲô𣿡һɱʵ
ΪʲôҪʣļ£ҺθɣóЩʧ䡣
ҲҪ뿪ɣһʡ
ܰɣֻһˡתߵϦȫ˵ƽߡ
˵һֱ㵱Լءһ˿ͻȻ׽סЩС֡
΢΢һС±㰲һůĲҪһȫļ򡭡
簤ż磬׽ȴֱһ΢ľ룬Ȼ֮ǰЩʲô
һҲЩŪ֮ĸ鵽ʲôͶڰĽûϸֻҪץסͲ֡
С͵ʶһ˿صĺڰ֮û´Ǳ˶ֽšвʳӣһΪ˴ﵽĿԼŮƵŮ˵òһź椶׷ͣ裬żѪҺ˭ҪʹȭͷĸҲС
Ϊģôܣü޷⣬Ϊ˱ϧΪĸΰģǲµġ
Ҫ࣬ʱνһ֮ϡһ


գʱȫֽԵҹĻ
512 ֮


ԶöŸϿʣת峺
һ˾һּȵܣַŲɿܵħ߽µĳɭ֣СϪѣȪˮˣۻ಻ͷŵϴһ顣
ÿѾͷϹͷ뻹ܶʮꡣŭѵ紦˹ڴ϶ԵĶ˵
ǰҲ֪ƭôһÿ˯ر㣬ҵڶ쾫ʮֺáŭļͷ۾૵
⼸ѾͷûһǼﰡŭ̾
ǣҲ˭Ķӡһ䣬ôһӣﲻ֪жôԺ
Ǻǡ

ʱһȴͷŷĴȣ˫ŸµϹܿϣڲԶŪ߲٣Ƕ˵ָʶɰӰˣ򸴺󰡡
һϣ˹ҡڵһɫĴ󶯣ÿμˮһŤСĻʢ
һСϡԲĹĵζʱѹݵСֵϡҡĥ겻ѣնʱŮ٣ϹܿŮ춼ȥ붼Լϡ
򡭡Щ˰ɣȥȼСˡϹղԣ㽫лһšܡ
˳ܿͺˡһٺЦסϹּܿش½סů鷿
״ӲѣҪȴһס
ͬߣ˭ܡһ۴ŽŮѹڴϣŴ󴲱һ󶶶һһ׷ɳ
죬ʱ䷿ݡ
ˮĳн˯֮УȮͶҹԵøȴҲгҹ
һӷ۱ȵľ´һŮ˳˯֮СһýµŮǺãǵӡһǣһ˷š
ⰻȻҹ¶ȻǱȽϵ͡
Ժǻ˼Ȧֱϵ±ʣһ㱡Сһһһ̾
Щٰһҡͷ߽鷿һǽϵػء̤֮С
ƮڿУСʯյ硣
һָ֣İĿռָ
ǲһЩҲЩìܡ
һľѧϰʧ֮ǵʱóָѹεĲȶԡ붮طǲ͵ħʱϲ񡣵ҵϵͳħʱΪˣһżȻҵһ鷭һЩܿļ򵥾ӺͼƬзмпһ֮ʱҲûд򿪹ռָ
һʲôĸоأ㷢һأһһ㽫򣬿ǱһһǰͻȻ䷢ⱦʵ̫ˣԼܲ˵ָо
һƴѧϰص֣Ҫ֤Լܿÿһ֡Ŀر£ľ̺ܿûʲôܹˣҲȷԼȫЩ顣
Ҳ̲סˣڽ죬ħջû˿ɵסϲðյһӵֵס
İؿռָâһһǧҳĹһǰ
Ƥĳħ޵ƤӹɣĥɳʸУñɫдĸ֣¼¡
ǰʼ֣ӵĲͬͬһƬ嫵Ĵ½СƾŴǼдѧøڵγɻС塣
սȡ㹻ռ֮俪ʼ˻ֻ̲֮أգǿಿγɹңʼʷ֮Ԫꡣ
Ű꣬´½߷£ΰŵۺճöʮʱȣ¡ΰŵ۷ϯ½Ѫսϵ˱Եش˷ֵؾࡣ
ϣƽĩ꣬ΰŵٶȷѣս𡭡
һ꣬ʷѹ˽꣬ħѾչһĵزܣ߽⣬ȡ֮ƶȡ
ɾ绨ŽأչϲʱΪĸԾ֮صڤħ巢ͻ༰屻䡣ҵսһǼ֮꣬սĻ𣬵ؿǵı䶯ô´½뺣ףը½ĩڼͻһѶɵɽɽǱ߻дһЩ༰һЩ岿䣬ħ˵ԭʼ״̬಻˼ħѾȫʷУΪʫʫĴ˵
ǿһηչ׳һС½γ˹ңħͷʼչ

žһһ鱾ûн˹죬þ޷ƽ
ʧ֮Ϊʲôôõħƺһ𰸣Ȿ¼³ʷ𣬻¼֮սһ½෢չʷǲ˵ʧ֮ǱͲڲ½ڲ´½
ⱾƶϣǷѶɵĺɽһͷǲ´½ڡֻһ벻ͨȻʧ֮ƬĴ½֤ɽһ飬һĳͨͨߣǱߵħȻѾԶԶߣͳûɲռ½
Ծḷ̌û´ҲƬ½ܹΪʲôܹһ૵ȥҲ벻Ȼ
صӣݼݼסһԽԽͷʹľƬ½֮԰ԼΪʲô
һЩķ꣬رؿڹŵǿɫԤ飬پһůĵ
СԤе½ָ֮ľƬ½𣿡һͻȻСԤԣץסЩʲô
һӽռָҲûٿˣ֪ľƬ´½ǲĴڣľǲԼǰ
һһ֮ţһ۱øŭȵǰ


513 һ͵


ףôˣһ߳ңħϢĺϣҲһ˿ۼ
¡ŭһ߳û˿棬һ˵üĿȴһεá
Īʲô£һֹ˹ȥϹһŭĶ档
ϣߴϢŭ°͵ĳ˵
ˣһʡ
ǵûУҲˣǱҴΧºڲѾȫѣǶֱҳһ࣬Ʋһ±Ǳ㲻ơŭѵõ¶һ˿Ц⡣
һͷͻȻһ裬ף˿ս϶ڽڻᶯ֣ǱǿˣҲΪǿ
ΪаţΪǿȴΪףΣΪͳ°Ѹٹ̣żһڣǾֻսȶ֣Ҫ֪ż뷴սǷŭ˵о˸Ȼʮڴһĵ
ƿżѾռ˾Եƣ۹Ϊһȫվżߣһơɻʦֶνдһ飬˵֧Ѿż˽һս֪ܲһҿ϶ڱʦ֮ǰż巢ֻҪżһΣӭж⡣

ƮƬƬϸܵ飬ĺʼЩյϢջѵǽѻ˺£ƺһҹ֮ڱļ˶
һŭ̸ȥ˷ľ̡Ȼò֤ԼĲ²⡣ںɽһƬ½飬һԥһûиŭ
ľ̲˷һһ̳ŽڷӶȥŪսڸʲô
ڽһòˣҹձҵǼηһű㷢ĽǸϸ۲죬ʱСǱȻš
СһĽɺǺЦʡ
ʲô£ֲҡĽߵ۾ȴֱһǰͻ
ǲ֪ʲôܰһҾ͸㡣һٺٻЦ
㡭ҲŲɣΪʲô˰Ľ
㵱ȻŮˡϲŮˡһЦţĽļ¡
ĽĶ͵һɲǼͷסȫ΢΢ĵҴܣƺÿϸõطѸٱͨͨƻǲԾػһĻߣܷʱǶôĸˡ
С㵽ԸԸⰡԸҿȥˡһЦһɲǼͿ֬ͨͨɷǿɰҧһڡ
ĽƽϢԼ˲ܿƵԥҪҪתɾʱͻȻû˶ϸһоûһϢ
ĽΪһȥˣһܻת˭֪һתһǽߵĻЦĻںˡ
һǰһ˫ĽѸײڶٶ˶ķӣϡ
ĽԭأСֶڴϣƺûдһͻϮлع
ãĽĴӷʧصĿռлظʱһȴǹӶǱ֮С

ٴǶѷŸʬǵʯңһʬϼһŵѪζʬ޷
һʯǰȴоŨڰֻ֮˿˿ڿƮ
þںʩһ磬һʯƿһ϶۾һƳʼͷտյǼǿķҲѳȥ
һƿʯ˽ȥСĵԼϢһ·ǰǰһʯʱüͷ塣
ʯһɫɫؾ壬ȭͷС˸İĹһߵһˮǰװ˻Һɫķĩ
֣ЩĩǽħıҪϣôУһץһЩϸϸһ֪૵ַĩЩڻɫΪҪԭϣټʮʯĩձɡ
ħһڴһħͼϿģ־֪ħжôǿֻ֮Եħĸӳ̶ȺĵľǼ̬ģҪһЩϡпʯΪϣȻЩνϡпʯڲ½ǣֻһ׵䷽ɵķĩô֡
ѵḷ̌ŮһֱվսӪ𣿡һһĲ²⣬ֻľƬ½䷽й¶ֻ˭أ
һͷתǧأûٶͣʯҺ㵽һͨͨӽûһ㵽˾ͷ
أһǰһƬ
ǡ鷿һݻޱȵķɲǰ鷿ôҲ˵ڻʹ
սս㾿ڸʲôһ૵鷿ȻˣǾһɣ˵ҵЩ˿
ڻʹһǲİ㳯źȥ
ս֮أݺݺò֡
Ҫ֪սٲѣЩԹһԹ԰һ֪սһӣÿ춼ס
СӻܣϹͷ˻ӡһ޷޲ƽ
¹սӵľͷЩһ֪սһ档
ǬŲһˣһٴγֱѽ뵽˾¹档һ¾¹Ľܵ˸¥
šϣ͡һŴ󴲵һĶС
գϲġһﰵһƮɵڴ
ɾʱһëһըϮ󷽡
һգԷٶޱȣһһ總֮һճȥ
ҡһһϤĵһıǼ䣬ŵĽɢջ
̣ôһĴִľ̵Ĳ£ʡ
ΪʲôҲľ̰һһۡ
ʱսӼңһһЩɶľ壬ս˫翸һ˫ȣƨһһ·ɿǰײ
͵ģѵҲ𣿡һסľ̵ҧµĶϣħצѲݵ׽סһԱá


514 Ʋ


ľ̽һСһĴϺݺšһ¡
һһʹԵ̽ľ̵½֮ڣסСӣһʱоеͦ
𡭡Ͷ𣿡һоľηСֵͻȻֽסɿЦž졣
ڸ¥ֳôĶһڷ˴ʱ˦ĸ磬ʹĽҪ׽ô̿ˡ
˵ͶôҪͶľ̵Ļһһ⻰ƺк⡣
һ룬ḻ̌תһڰУɢұĹâ
ľһһ˳һ£СȻסһһСֵܡ
ҪʲôһЩڸ꣬ٿ·ǻ嶯ʢ
ȻͶˡľ̵Сߣ£ͻȻ⿪һǰ¶˿֮С
һһůʪǻΧپͷһͺ
ľԴĵõˮʱ̧ͷһֱ̬ܹ˵Ļǡ
ľⷽ츳ȷʵܼĹһ鲻Խľǵ׵ģЩ¥еķ糾Ůֵ׵ĹֶΣһִӹɢĸ߹ʲҪġ
սһһ˴ϣǸһ߹һŮ֫ŵشƺûӸ߳лָƤӻ㲻оЩϤƺĳ󳼵Ů
ʱһͻȻоԼСֵɸȫûľ̵Ŀǻǰ˱ļһҵļлֱˬҪǿҵĿвѳֲס
ľƺ˾˷Σһڲǿ̣ʹʹ籡
ľͳһ³£źɫЩ԰ס
û°ɡʲôʱѧȸѶȼһϵϧظ˸ľ̵㷢ɲóġ
һʵ飬ЧƺͶ˰ɡľһףһ˿ɳơ
ⲻѾͶһЦľ̵
ľһߣתͷ·ͻȻ˵ûоսʲôطһ𣿡
һϸ˰Ρʼ⵹ûʲô𣿡
㲻ǰ˲𣿡ľ˵
ƺһ㣬Ⲣ档һ˵
һϰ˵ؾܻԵ޹ʼᡣľ
ǡ˼һͷһľ̵۾ʵ
սľһһ˵
һüͷ·սĬ
ôΪ˭أսܵȥˣΣһʵ
Ҳҿ϶Ҳ²пʧٵľʦðսʮа˾Ѿʬ޴档ľ˵ػ춯أһɫֱ䡣
ô˵ǿѨ硣ʦսڰ֮ףʧȴû춯ѵ𣿶ҾĲ̽սȻָӶĺڰҵĻɡľ̽˵
һüͻȻǾʦƺƿء
ľһŨҵɱһš
Ʋô࣬ôҲƲһ£ʦսĺڰİɣɾʦսƾʦȫսż£սӮǱǾʦӮˣʦӮǱӮˣǺǣŲˡһٺЦȻ§ľ̵֮ľȴƺһңԶ
ľ̵ʮָӣҧ´ĵϧȴĴڡ
ƲΪתңΪҺܺÿ𣿡һЦţľ̵ȴŨŨĺ⡣
ľûлشֻǵ˵߰ɣﲢǸ̸ĺõط

ͷС겻֪ʱͣˣֻȻѹֵĸо
ɽϣһһŴ£ŲԶӭḷ̌ʱ⾡Ǹһ翵С
ô죿ɱңãľ̵Ĵ
ɱ㲻𣿡һϴһ˿Цʣɱḷ̌µ𣿴ȴôģ壬Ǳʶڿ⡣
ɱҵĻɱ𣿡ľʵƺǧ֮⡣
ᣬ費һشˡһش𣬿ľ̵ڷһ£ĲЩʹ


515 ˿̹


ɽң˵ѷ˿Ʈɣһ˵Ϣξ
һתͷľһۣʶĵεθԺУĽᣬģأһһʼһΣյϷ˶֪ȴãֱ¶ǳıʣ˲ŻȻѡɱһǧ˰٣ⳡϷûʤֻ˺
´μ棬ǵĵˣһȭͷƿղŻ˰µŮ˿ȴӰԣһŲע֮Ǹεĺ߱նϡ
ȵȡľ̺Ȼתˮʹ絶ʣܺ
һһո˻Ȼḷ̌Լе
ľһ齥ƽͻȻЦһһ˿Ϸʵôһ۵û˰ɣ˿Ҳȫʧܣ㰮˲𣿡
һǷһ˿ЦԶҲ²͸ЩʲôӵĵһʽĻЦתͷ̡㵹Цͦĵ۾ΪʲôƵֺأ
𣿿ܸոշ̫ɳˡľ۽Цõߵһǰ嵭˱Ƕ
һЦЦľ̵˫ʵסʲôҪ˵𣿡
ǻԴģȤ𣿡ľ˫ۻסһĲӣĵЦ
ʲôһüʵ
ǵĩ𣿡ľš۴һĶ֮һ㣬ΰ૵
ôģһһ͡ľ̵Ϻݺץһѡ𣬱֮ǰø󣬸
Ǻҿ԰ԸսĺڰЩڰǿ󳬺񡣶û˱Ҹ˽ǣҵذҪȨࡣľ̵һţϸϸİůϢ
أһľ̵ķ۱ԶԶȥһܵӵǵ̸ȴȫôһ¡
ܼ򵥡Ҫܾҵشڣǰһ㡣ľ૵ݸҧһǿ׳ؼ
һȻһŮ˵˼ˡٺЦȻûзҪǰܣĿ֮ΪʤĶĵúܲǡ
ҵ飬ؼҸҶ𣿡ļ̌ͷС̧һ°ڵĺӡϲָо
ûɾܾ𣿡һЦսĺڰʶЩʿħʦǿֲشڣһֱԽ·ǸĻ
ǡô˵ˡҲʧءϣҲʧľƿһȻһЦСһСһƵغԶ

ҹĻ١ɫħҹɫеǾڰһɢŶĿعʡ
һٵǵسſڣŴϢȺ̶һ̬֡ȴС
¥Ȼ㣬һСһŴ󽭶ȥҲʧΪһܡ
һûãһǵѡŸոſվۼƹҴӭ˳ͷؽӭԤĺڡ
һƣµСˣӴڴ룬һҵƽࡣḷ̌ôôɣɲԼᱻơ
ڰϢͻȻһüͷĵѪɫ΢΢ѡ
Ѹߵٽֵһߣһƿ˫ĿɨֵϴȺ
ŴֲµĸŮȺд󣬶ԶͷĺӼͬķ׷Χ
ʱŮ¥ǰͻȻһŮƱһ£ȻˤڵأһŮͣ½𣬶ʱǼѾΧߡ
һŮָֻոѿھ˫Ŀһ˹ȥ
Χ˲˲ԾԶԶΧۣȴûһ¡
Ϸݸҿ𣿲ݼҲ̫˵ɡһ΢΢һϾعšŮԸͨûǼȴ׷˴ֲ׷ϣǡڵ¥ɲˡ
ʱ˼ŮҪߣһȴΡȻЦЦҪתذᡣ
ס֡һ𣬽һǿҵĹħһĻ赲ס˼˵ȥ·
һһȻعͷÿƮһŽ߼ۣͷù̵ŮŮ·ԶվһɢŴ̹ǺĿֱ꣬һѼ͸ĺխӺ޸ضǰļˡ
˿̣࡭һ૵оϲѣڻˡ
ţѾǼ˶֣ɵнӰ¶˲併ʮȡ
ѷտɱȣͨʮ˵ǻıԵǱȫ˳ϵѪҲѡ
Ѽٶȼһ㣬ͼգۼ˪ǣͻȻһʮ飬ɢڵϣǴﵽⶼ˱顣
ǺڰʿһĿһŵ㣬ѻΪһ̡
кȻһ߲ʹâҪݵļ˱һ߲ħ˻
ʥա˿еĹɢһ͵Ĺâڼϣգʧȥ̱
ץסŴЦһǰ㵥ϥ£үҲѾͨʮ˵顣
һ´һͻȻЦļһ£漴һܱЦֵܣôԽԽ˧ˣԺô찡
үзһůڵƿһȣȴȻһαƵġ
һתͷ˿̣ǰὫӵ뻳Уоزˡ
˿̲һȴӶ滺䣬žһһļͷƮõһ̰
һѲ߶Ѹ˹ȴպñһץ׳ǽ⼸˼ŮŸ
ǶŮתͷӽһǧҪ
ƺһüͷ૵


516 Ʈѩ


һ˿̷ŸˣŸ²İ˼¡
ϹܿʶˣҪ֪һϹܿʱ;ȴջǵس˳ȥɲǷѾͷİϷô֮壬˿̻Ϲܿһһʱ䣬˻֮䵹ϤúܡһҲؽһ椶ʱȴСһ˯ˡ
˵ֶŮСͣǾһһˣŭһϣŭ峤֮ǿнСߡǸŭԣ֪ںż巭·
ʱҹɫ˳ȥռ⼸Ů༸ŮҲ΢΢һЦ˳ȥֻʣ˿һˡ
˿̱÷úÿһһڴЦ֡
˿΢΢һ죬еһ£󵨵һĿ⽻Լ˼밮⡣
һȴҲͲס§ס˿̱ס촽˶С׷֣ħצȴǲ֪ؽ⿪˿̵ѣϴࡣ
˿һŤͷСơػ˫ȼһ¶ĵ˽ܴòĴ֡
зִģġһο˿̵
Բ𣬶Ҳá˿ھεԼĴ֮ҲķֱȻܽԼؽһ
ڴ֮壬һҲǺ޵أһ˿̣һ˫ò˻˰
˫һЩȻǻʺǰԭкܳһʱˣ˵Ҳûˣȴ֪ԭٳĩЩġ
һӦļ֮ҹ֮ҹ˳رһ˵ôҲ˵黰Ҳ˵ŷ顣
ڶһ硣ŸһʾδҹץļڰʿǶŮ
һһһȦףֵŮôеϤء
࣬һŸѺ˵ĴΣȻģǲԶˣʵ̶ȴӹɡ
ǼסĺڰʿһֱӣǸƲˡûѪʹֻҳִɱ˻
κʪһŨصùζʱؿԿֳӴȥ֮ӿɼһߡ
һηڣץŮϥڽϥɪɪ
ࡣΪŮ˻ʲôأһһࡣ
̵֪ػش˿Ҫȥˣ߿ῴһۡ
Ůӱڰʿ׷ȴ˰ֲĿ±׷˵ǲеѰζһЦ
ϵⱩǣ˿үıɱǱǡ
һĿʾ
̧ʵӣڿϵһ
ƽô͵ŮһͼƤһأʱȴǶ˵۾㶣ô͵ظȴӵôƯ۾һôϤЩͬѰˡ
¡һоƺлҪ˵Աߵˣֻһˡ
һ󼤶μ
һŮɻһȻվߵ˵ǰ
ƮѩһŮ°𾪵
˫һŤһɫŮģɲʧٶʱƮѩ
Ůһһػ
ɴʱһĿȴһƬŮķ۱ĴָʳָȴᰴǱŵļѨϡòɣŮǼڰʿǲһףΪľԼǣȻ˾¥ʧٵƮѩŮıԼĻǻֻһǲԼߣŻԼ֡
һüͷܾﲻ̫Ծȴһʱ֮벻ﲻԾ
ʱͻƮѩ˫ͻȻһ˿ǱסһСʮָʮڴ̣Ӳͬĵطһ
ƮѩһѪ׷ɶ𣬺ݺײ˶ǽ֮ϡһϹ˸һſʮµĺʮָĺڴƵػš
үû°ɡкһʵеĺխѻԶƮѩ
һһӳĽڰֵ𼱣û¡
һϵ͵һʮĹâĺڴ̵ɳȥضǽϡ
ħ̣Ǿʦ±ǮһЦƮѩ뻳ʱ׼;鲼ȫû뵽ѾͷõþȻǴ˵еħ̣һþǶʮ˲䴩͸֣˵ħ̿ƾħ磬ֻҲԣħﵽһǿȣħҲκβá
ħȻ͸һ֣ȴǵͷǰãټһڵӦΣķһû£ֻȴųһ亹ֲûнȴǲһ㱻ȫ͸ˡҲӲһһǾӣʱҪġ
һߵƮѩĸǰ飬ƺ޲ý¶ӡ
һָǵüģβų֣ʶһŨصĺǱڰħ
ԭǺڰȻе鷳ȴ޽⣬ֻҪʱˡһŮڣָŮΣһ߼һŸη
صԼԺһ˿ùƮѩϴһ飬漴Ůڴɳ˵ʼĩ
սǵȲˣҲ˼ˣҪСİϹ̾ΪŮⷽ˽÷ǳ͸
սսѻҷˣһħɲ˵Ͼͷβֻǲ²⡣
սθãħ̿Ǯ򲻵ĺöһٺЦɱһαʮħ̣ͻ绨Сˣ㡣
Ƿ˵ƮѩºܾЩԾʱ˰ķͻȻ˵
ﲻԾ˵һ΢Цſŷ壬˵ȥ


517 椶


һĿ⣬֯һԣ˵ûǰֻкεĻһƣʼʱǶ÷ƮѩϷȴʵ̫ˣսıĩҲ̫ʧˣѵΪƮѩдɱ𣿡
һͷʾ˵ȥ
ôһָоı֮ƺ÷֪һ֣÷֪ƮѩʵܵƲɱģкҾͲ֪ˡŵ
Ƿ֪ƮѩǱڰƵģֻҪڰû𣿡ϹܿһԴǻ
һЦЦ˵ʵҵĸоͷһսľʦǾôһȻкУʲôǾĿԴɡ

ŵ᷿ڣŮڴϣȫ·ŵĵʣ֣һĿ¾ҪѪˡ
һ˫ֵŮԴ˫ĿգͷֺգѾͷڵĺڰϢʵЩ֣Ƴֻ֮ᱻԶգ֮
ҲѲһΪһ椶
ʱཱུ椶ƮѩĶ棬գֻ۾ԽԽˬغȵǵһŨȣСһţЩ糤ˮӿĿУȻĩưһ͡쳤ٴοʼȴЩеζ
椶ʼ⣬ͷħ˵壬ǺĶϲΪΪڰԣԺڰϵΪϲÿˮֱӾ֪ˡ
˱椶Σһչȥ˶ͷĺ飬һ˿Ц⡣ѾͷʶеĺڰòˣǱʶҲûָˣڲһЩڰȫԱ
ס椶Ҫ椶ý֮죬ɱĵһֱ
һۣԼһᱻѾͷģӿռָץһAħ޵ħ˵ݸ椶ͷȥСȥ
ʳ椶ҲٲһȥСˡ
һƮѩƽϽסйش⣬Ȼڷڵɳһ۹ⲻʱƳ˯Ů˼ӡ
Ǹʦʲôأ鲻ܻô򵥵ġһҡҡͷ૵в豭Ȼ൱š
һʵڲ½ǹľ֣ǾʦҪԸżػûɲоԼѵĵ͹ƾħ̱ɱԼô֪̫ɱԼȥȻƮѩԼ֣ħôĶԼ˽ƮѩҲͻԼⲻɵ
ҲһŶŴϵƮѩ̾һӦòԼɡ
ʱ˯Ʈѩૣë˶۾
İѹ˿ԼߵƮѩɻһ䣬ͻȻɫҵش󺰵㣬㡭
һͷվ߹һ֪Ϊ档
ʱƮѩҲȫѹһῴһԽԽĿƺġ
ҡⲻΰɡţԼио
ŮͬʱƱ𣬳ӹ˴ϣμ
һڴأñӽŮ𣬵Ǹöˡ
¥ء˵ȥˣͷڱʧʹޡ
һ޶ʱƮѩҲһͬޣˮհգһͽʪһƬ
һƽвһᣬ̾һѾͷ§뻳С
ˣˣΪǣǺءƮѩһлں޵
һο˫ְ˹ķ۱ܹܵŮİˣ˿˵ǱҲ鱨ȻǴ˶٣Ů˵ĸȴס
ոնǵĻɣһԳһЦôҲǱԼˣԼЩˡ
Ůָһɫʵ쾿ʲô£
ŮɳɤʼʰҹһҹҲΪⳡ꣬¥壬СǶ£Ը縲š
֮¥鱨Աټռ鱨ɾʱ¥յĴűƿ˴䣬˾ɱǺ¥Ĺ죬Ȼмҵλö֪ܿһӺɱߡ
ʱ֪¥ݵڼ飬¥Χս϶׼һʱǵȲԮˡ
鱨Աÿ˶ħ¥鱨ԱЩ糾Ůӣܵѵ鱨ΪķһЩҩԻ֮ĶҪսһƾͻᱻ
Ǹʱȴһ˶ʼĩľͻȻ֣Ʈѩ֮鱨ԱȫնɱɾΪ¥ݵĸˣʵǷǳģɱ޴ķ糾ŮҲǷַӵ顣
Ʈѩڼ飬ǣ˭ҲŲܱڵ˵ҪáŴŮ˵
ȥ֮˵ѪĨŮϣǷƵϢҩװһ˴֮ɱ˳ȥ
ǲ۾ûһĲҽƴˣȴ岻ԼĿƣŸеȺȣȻͻ˹ȥȻ󡭡˵ͻȻüͷ
ȻôˣһĿһʵ
ҡҡͷҲ֪񻹷һЩʲô벻ˡ
Ʈѩأ
ҲһԻȥ֮ûӡ󣬷ͿˣǺ˯˺ܾúܾƵģƺһܳܳΣ벻ˡƮѩ
˺öࡣͻȻ˵
ˣˣһʡ
ˡƮѩӿڵ
Ǳˣǰâ¶ȴࡣ˵
ˣЩıġһЦ
ꣿƮѩһ˴֮Уֻǻ˹ȥôһ꣬ѵΪ㵱ιǵҩĹЧ


518 


ŭ鷿ڣԸڴߣЩ
ߵϣвˮ򽫻֮֡ŭŰӣмдһ˿ŭ
Ʈѩҵˣûҵͬ⣬˭Ҳ˺ǡһ˿õŭţʾޱȵľġ
ŭµᷢòϿվ𣬱ǽϵȵĻ񣬻㲢һˣ㸺żżѪһ֮ʶһ
һҲվŭǼ߰׵˫ޣͷЩᣬ˽Ʈѩȴ
Ϊսô꣬һȴǳɾ˵ּżһ֣Ѿͷھж֪ΣΪżĩǲŭ˵
һ֪ŭ˵ûһо֣ôؼƮѩѾͷϡһʱһƮѩѾͷѾŮȴֲôһ£ǵĸôֿϷλûκ״ô⵽׳أ
ףһʱ䣬һƴģŽİ취ֹһ֡һ̾һ˵˵
ʱ䡣µ۹ѲԶˣսһڽڶ֡ŭ˵
죿һһת뿪ŭ鷿

ҹһȵӰѽ˵ķغԺ
ɧȥˣһƿľ̹뷿ţȴؿһˣ
ߵԺһĹˣͻȻָһһָ
ֻһ׹һǰһֻŭİ׺ס
Ǻǣ𣬿֪ͨˡ˵ˡһ˰׺׵ķŭ˵СԴЦ
ĺȻһȲ
ʱոջһ˵ͻȻƮһ磬ľһȹһǰѵǲϲ㡣Ϊ۸
һŻɢ˷ḷ̌ٺЦĻ۸Ҫ۸Ҳ۸Ŷԡ
ľֵذһһۡǵһҹ֮УһһŮܻЩķΧرԭ˾ѹϣľһɫѴŨصζһô
ʲôḻ̌˺һĻῴһŨŨֻ˼ܹݵϷӵȤ
ʲôʵúãǽݺúأϸµ̽һ¡һҸ֪⡣ǰľ̵°Ц
Ҫ˼Һ¡ľ̳һͬһǿµСñ
һһһڿˮľ̸ֲֶǼʶˣÿһζΪһĿУŮˣ
£ԹԵүүǲ˺ġһٺЦ˹ȥżеḻֱ̌ݣһ⣬ֻСףΪʲôһź¶ĵô˷أ
Ĺ뷿֮ڣʵķɫƹ⽫뷿װ컹罿
شϣľ˹ſϣۻԲķθ߸𣬶һϸСݺݵײ
ľӭһ³ıٵ㷢ɢڴ֮ϣϸļɷۺ죬һ㾧Өĺ顣
ҲˡҰɡľ̼һ˫ֽץסһ󶶶һδﵽ˶壬ȫ̱˴ϡ
ãľ̴Ӹ߳лع˼һĻĽë˶һʱ˿̣ʧֻúůĻĵϢҺãΪţҺãߡ
𣿡ľ̸һʵؼ૰ʵ
ţмܾЩΣ֪֪ԭ򡣡һŪľļϴڽпĹ˵һ顣
ľ̽һ˫Ȼһܴȥҿ𣿡
ڻ𣿡һľ̵ķӦ֪ô£һɱȤ
ҪҪԡľ̷ֵذһһۣץסһ
һǲٺľٴսٻغϡֻжǼǹڻЦ㻹ǽҲ֪ո˭źĵģˡȻܶȥɡ

ҹɫһľ֪طɽ˻ʹ֮У鷿ڽңĻǹǽȥҵġ
һҵش鷿еͨľԾУⳤͨȻûһ˿տյͺϴһ֮ͱˡ
صɷ֮Թļ֮ءľü
һһüû뵽һ㡣ĪǾʦҵĿľɷ֮Թ飿
ʯңҲЩڰħʦʩǸʯңһһ߽һ߱Ȼ
˵һٶųɴµǽȻЩʦðſеƮȥ𣿡ľʵ
ȻЩ˾ۿɼٶȱøɱ˸ʬһش
һ˵ŴľߵǸøʬǵĵطŨصĺ˼Żɷ֮Ѿﵽһ̶ȵŨȡײԹ
ľüϸһ߸ɺͻȻ˼ɬһâʬϣֻʬ̵һðһ̣омİħš
ʲôħһôãûмصħ
ľ̿һһۣĩش⣬صҲµûǾ󣬺ڰϵħӵħ֮һƼǿаꡣ
ֻ֪кڰɴûʲô󡣡һľ̵۾˵̳ǰء޸ħںڰϵħ˵൱˽⣬ȴĩ˵󣬻ֻкɽ˶˵Ĳ´½УѵսĺڰҲҲľֺ̽ڰħ̸ǵġ
ľƿĿ⣬㲻֪ûУ粢ô򵥡
ǰ;Բ򵥣ͺһһʼ粻׷ʣȻ֪ľʮа˾Ƭ½ʱȴΪǡ
ľͷһƺһָһıʱȴʲôҲûзֻ֣Լ˰ɡ
̣Ȼ֪ҲӦ֪жǿ𣿡һʵ
һɹȻǳǿȽҪƵѪͶ֮Ѫһ֮γѪ飬֮ǧǿų󷨣߶ϵľѪ飬ƳɹѪΪҲֲ壬Ϊǧ˵ľʹľħżǿĵֿľ̽͵˵ͷͷǵȻ󲢲İ
ô˵Ѫ𰵺֮BOSSҪư޵ˡһ˵
ΪѪôѡϸ񣬻оǧǿΪôҵ𣿾ǰ漸ܳɹҲֻʮ֮һҪķѾ޴Ĳʱ䡣ľû
һҲǣǧǿʮ԰쵽ǿȻħʦΪšҪǧħʦһѪĩ̫ˣ͡ϴ͵ЩƵʵֻЩһǿЩͨˡ
ͻȻһľ̸ղ˵ػʱͻȻ뵽һ⣬Ǽæʵո˵ƳɹѪֲ˵ڡ𣿡
µĵطѪֲ˵ڶֻʩʱڵѪŻͻȻѶɱԭ꣬ס壬ﵽ֪صزľ˵
һһͻȻ˵ﲻԾˣԭ滹ƮѩϡǾʦѾĻôһ壬ͨĺڰΣĵذѾһ־硣Ʈѩڽ˺ڰָ˱Ը˭ỳأԼ뱻ֲѪ飬Ǻǲ룬ѪǿľѾ˵ˡͻȻɱߵ˲һѵ¡
Լ͸ŭһ˻ɣֻɱƮѩҲ˺ֲڵѪ飬ʱһԴżһֲ
̣һ˱ֲѪ֪Ҫβڲ˺»ڵѪ飿һ뵽㼱ʵ
ľ̳˰Σҡͷûнİ취ѪһƳɹͺѱ𡣴ħʦ߽ʥҲһ֡
һתȦһʱҲ벻õİ취
ѵ㻳˱ֲѪ飿ľ̿һ̬ɫ˵
һ̾һͷƮѩ˵һ飬ҿ϶ʮа˾űˡ
Ψһİ취ǽǴһǿңɱ֮ʬ彫ѪƳûдħʦϼľϵʦǣͽھڡľ˵
СһһնûиɱǻҪʬ²֡
ѾͷرֲѪ飬֪ʲôģڲ³ʱǲ̵ֶȥˣľһ˵
ҵĲֻԵˣҪˡһ
ľһ㶣Щɫָĵ˿˵
ȻˣԼ취ǰɡľҧҧתһԭ·أҲ֪Ϊʲôһ仰ôܣʹԭ֪Լһֻ໥õĹϵΪʲôҪںΪʲôҪأһвԼѡ
һľ̵ıӰһ̾Ƿ˰Ʈѩָνأôڲ˺ǰ»ȥֲѪأ
һûԭ·أߵңǹԴСĶȥ
ѹסͷķ꣬һǰĽڵη
һƬǶһ˵ȴǲ⣬ĽĴ˯ΪѹסٵԵʣǾһ˿ˮһ̲סһЦͷķҲȥࡣ
ڴأһ̲סֽ̧Ľϵҷ°˳ڶȥǵĿˮЦһͷС
һĽȫļ˲һ£漴ַɣǺĽȴѾ˹΢΢졣
ˣˮ˾ɡһٺȡЦ
ĽȴǽϽһᣬԴȻǱһȡЦúˡ
ҲǿˮǣĽڱﴫ
Ǻǣ㿴ͷʪ͸ˣѲĲɡһǺЦ
ĽȻӱܳһ죬סһĲһҡһЦЦҡ
һĿҹӣĽ˯ʱֻһ˷İ͸£ǲӿջŮǴܱǶ롣
һĺںҹԵø͸ҲĽԼй¶ļһñӽԼι
ɫǣȥǸҲ鿴ҵһ춼ûôҷʲô⣬˵Ľߺߵ
ʲôϵ𣿡һɻʵ
ȻУкһˣԲ뿴㡣ĽˣСƢ
˼˵кϾͿĹǰɣ˼𣿡һٺٻЦ
ĽգƲͷ
治ңҿˣҰҹ˼ֻܹοһ£Ȼ㲻ңǾұ˼ĥɡһסؿʹĵ
ĽһЦСȭͷᴷһһ£
һһ֣˸ȫë׶ٿϲһɲŮ˶黰ô
һ׽סĽСȭͷ޳ܵȥЬӿȥĽϵıӳ˽ȥԳһ죬µ˶§뻳Уֵļޱȣϵ˿й֮޲
ĽһؿڣȽŵϢԼȴ٣װһֻСһ÷ɿ졣
һֻĽķ۱ḧţԽΪ⵹ЩڴЩŵĽЩʧ
ôˣĽʵ
ûʲôұ𣿡һЩƣӣԼԴĽ߸֮СΪƮѩķȻҲûʲôȴŮ֮¡
һģǵĽĸԴ󷢣˵رסһḧһĺڷ
ãһͻȻĽӲӵĺдʣ󡭡󡭡һ￴֡


519 


ȻһĽƨƵ˴ȥ
һصηűֹϣֻĽûлعһȥͶ̥˵˵һܵûӰˡ
ʱһ򿪣һֳ˽ĽӦ㱧һҿУһллֳ˳ȥ
Ľһ䣬ȴӿһ˿ζ
һصŸԼ֮УǰŴӿռָóһѵ鼮ȴǵʥѹζġ
ǾһֻǾͺڰЩ񣬺ĽĻȴþļ
ħ鼮½ʧѾãҲȱȫϴʥǶ鼮зٹħġʱֻǴԵطһ£Ǹʱ򿴵˾֡
һԼٶȷйħ鼮һ߼ħͼҵ˾֣ڰϵħһѪɫ˵һаħֻڽ֮ãô˷ѪߣؽΪ½С
ϸƷȴƽѪ֮һһʧ
һһѵ鼮˫ĿһⱾûвûаħϱߵ鼮ͨͨ˳һһϸ顣ƾһؼ뿴ٶȣⲢʱ䡣
ſţһسĺħԭһõֻݡħһֻ˼бѾħ븴ӣôϵͳһԽȥڹħЩģ޷԰Ρ
һ֮߳ʱǵڶ峿Ҳ˵һһҹȴûһ˿ƣһɵغС
Ƿ̽ʲôŭһʱʶʵҪ֪ǰӻΪɱɱƮѩֵЩ
ЩüĿˣѾ֪սƮѩ϶ʲôֽţԸ׷İɡһЦ˵
ãΪһҪ㡣ŭһҲʮ˽⣬Ȼ˵ܹôһͱήӡ
˵һʵ
رսѾˣߵĹЩȣȥһˡǾκβŭü
һܿ췴ӦŭָʲôΪ۹߾ǣó׼ɢأǾسǣ򱱼ǰµ۹ͼ
һƣ۹ӷʦؾǣʱǾʦ˹ǿɾʹĲ
۹ʺƳΪ׵Եʵѱһƣ֤ƳȶĻôżⳡȨĽжЦˡ

Ĵϣһһ׵ĳȺĵƶ߸üĿ㣬ݰ׵꣬ʮɢŴ̹Ǻࡣ
үȥİװʵǰȻܽһΪǱΪүˡ
ȥǾ֪ˡһ˵
֪һ˱ǵķ½֣ƮѩޱϤĴֺɫˢһ±òҰףȻʱʰĳ
˲ãһһ¥ǰվк˴¥Ҳǰ¥
١үƮѩסһ䣬ĿѪܵĴغУͷһһжô
վ¥͵ݺݺһһ˸Ƿ׶еɫ
һƮѩС֣̤ؽк˴¥
ɧǵϰŤӭһл췹Ե˸۾òУϰһ۱ΪһݣȻƨƨߵԳӭ
үʲôˡϰﳤޣ˵ʱǰһԴ̿ǲӿ
һĿζȴǱһɵŮüŮ࿴һۡ
Ҵһ˵һ㾶ֱ¥ȥϴһΣ֪Ĺ뷿ģ
ϰɫһ䣬ææӴҵүڼͣʵڲ㰡Ҫҽ
һüͷһѾһϰӵһԣʱһҡ


520 ħ


һƮѩྶֱ¥˸
ϵ¥ȥ뷿ſȴƤ׵Ĵһţһһ˼ŵ߹ʱһս״̬
Ҳֻɲǣ󺺱˪ãΨһԶıԾֵӡ
ӥӣˣһҪŶ룬ͷﾪŵĺУһ˿ɫǾһ޵΢Ц
䡭Ӷô㻹𣿡һͷ𣬿ĺȶһЩ
ףǴﲻܹܡĺЩ١
ΪʲôΪǸСʲôãһ㼰ϱӡһͷŭʨӿűһƹƹҴˤ
ҪӥӣŹҰɡһ˿ѵ𣬴ؿ
һǷһ˿Ц֨ѽһƿţȤؿŴߵһŮﾪʧ룬Ŀ飬ͷѱ˺һ飬ӥһŤķŭ
ӣӡһȻӥƿͶְһĻʧʹޡ
һĴķ۱ضӥЦ̫ӵ£ҲֶΣʥȥˣ
㣬Ϊʲôÿ㶼ҪԡӥƺһɲʧӰ٣ֻǻĺ⡣
һЦЦҡҡͷ̫߿Լˣƾڵ㻹ΪҵĶ֡
㡭úѿӥһ˳ȥ
ӥһ߹ȥһɲǣһĵѪɫ΢΢漴Ϊƽ
һüͷӥıӰһƺЩ̫Ծ
ʱ΢ƿһһ˿ɬͲ
һɡһӿռָͳһݸ漴һ£Ʈѩɵż
ｫɡһƮѩһ漴¶ͻ顣ȻƮѩװϸκ;µѾ¶Ůҵݡ
һغ˺ߣ΢΢ʹ˸ɫ˳ȥ˳㽫Ÿˡ
еĽĽԼȻһһض档
ò衣ﵹһŵһǰ͵͵ƳһۣȴһдЩЦǼæջĶֱ
ӥ㼸ʱ֪ģһĵʵ
ǰЩӲŴӽÿ˵أǹӵǸող֪ġһҲû뵽ǰռӻƳŸү
Ȼ֪ӥΪ̫ӣΪβһʵһССؾ¥Ůӱ̫үС˭֪˶ΪǼĸ֡
̫үȻ󣬵Ǹ鲻ԵõСŮӵ壬СŮӵԶֻװԼϲˡüĿмּᶨҲмֿΡ
װŵ˭һЦŶŲһʵ
Ӻ֨˵̧ͷʱȴһŲ豭˸л䣬һ˿ɣһ峿ƿʱһ£ĳڷ˸еӣһɲ紥ҲӴӰ
һɲǣ˵ӥ¥Ůӱ¥Ůӣٶ˵׷Ҳɴҹ㣬׵ҲֻһֳѣΪһߵļǮ¥Ůӱʲ
ôһӰһ˿ϣʹҪҲҪԼϲˣ˲ŻӥĽط
˵Ϊһ¥Ůƺңɼ¥˶ӣ̾ﲻ˻ÿ¥ŮӶڵ½ôһ˽⡣
żֻϻȨЩʲô֪һżľߴɫʵĶүҪ˵ĵûһ뷨ǲܵģԼϲԼֱǹӣǰβץסأ
к˴¥ϰ𣿡ͻȻһ˦һ䣬ôһ
롣ֻԥӱ㼱æԭһߣʹŮҲˡ¥ϰһˣϰ˵ûӭӣ׵Ǳסˣżı˭¡ΪЩ飬ء
ܿԸԳһЦԼͣҲ顣һ±ɶһ档
ʱк˴¥ĺԺǼɽָʮʬ壬ÿʬ嶼˪壬һϸϸ˿ڣǴӱﶳ˼һ㡣
ӺԺǴ㽨˳һı뵭Įӵļ֮нѺʬ
౧ǰȥȴͻһУк˴¥ϰʧɫ
âһкһɫĻߣֻһͷ­һйΪƽ
бָŵ档Ѫػ䣬ڵ½һ̽Ѫɫʯϣ
һ룬һƮѩдǰЩ԰׵ŵϰͷʬ塣Ȼ֮ǰûмʶѪȵĳ档
𣿡һʵ
ǵģү̵ش
һܣ¥ѪϴϾȻŵԭؽǵһ鱨ݵ㣬ǲѪѪԭ򣬶ֻһʼ
ϻ°Ϊ۹ͳżĿǰؾȶ֣ô͹ϻ尲µĶӣҸںŪһ°գǾʦ̵ʱðµ۹ӷʦֶûˡ
⻨ǿúޡһԺЩɫʻ૵
ǰҲ֪ΪʲôԺػĻҪ翪൫ȴҪл࣬Ǻ֡ʱӦһش
𣿡һһ䣬ͻȻһ̧зһ㵭⣬ֻһ˦ͻȻһ󱩷ιЩʻȫ˰֮С
һϢһƬǽ壬˾ȵǸոŸɫʻصϾһɢŵâħ
ħ󡣡һĿһԸħָƣһħ֪ħ֡
һָħܣŹӦħħʯͻͻħĹâɲǰһŨصĺƮɭɭĺʱԺһεĺɫӰħ֡
顣һһӦһǿϢΪ˱鷳һ罫Ժ
㣬㡣ƮѩƮڿеĻɫ飬󺰡
һҲɫЩģȷмƣ𾪺Ϳϲ龹Ȼûʧȥʶһ˱ȻһʾеϢҪֲҿ
񣬱£ߡһþɫ齻һ˵鶼ûʶBOSSνʶҲںγɵģᱣǰʶɫ鿴ʶƺһ֣ڼϤ֮ʾС
ɫһĺСƮһǰһصϢһȣ濴ìܣоȷʵˡһҲ֪صβģǵ¥ٻʱ˻ϵγ˺ȻԵ顣
ʶһŻɫ֣ȴʶˣűһشָ˹Ǵ塣һľƱ澹ȻҲдĸоЩģһƲ˲䣬ƺΪϲ
㣬ƮѩƮѩ鲻ʶǣĸ
оƮѩıˣתͷǣЩɵü͸ҪȥϵᡣֻƮѩ⾫㴩ǵ
һ˿ɫɫ齻һ㽫ԼغڰԪռڡȥһʥ飬⾿ô¡
һһƽħµƿȻϰڶ·һѵʬǡǶǰ¥鱨ԱһЩ޹Ĺһɢк˴¥Ŀˣ˽ЩʬƳȥᣬλ鱨Ա¥еĹһ飬˳Դ鱨ѵ
к˴¥һλͷ죬ϵ鱨Ա³֪Ȼ˵Ը⽫ϻ͸¶֪Ļܶһ˵ʲôǡҸ鱨ҪģЩһôðأ

ҹڡ
Ķƺʱ죬պХĺодϸܵСѩ
ŵ֮ڱؽ磬Ʈѩڴϣϴȫ㲻ͬϴһ㱡¿㣬µһ߸¶Բһ鹵
һŮض棬ĿбӵضüĵʶԺһӾµħͼһתޱȣͬԺһ㡣
һħ󲢲İǰʥħѧԺҵһħбǸһЩ򵥵ħᡣֻδһҪþħŮʶп̻һħַȡЩʥ鼮쿪Ĵ죬˽еʮʵ飬ʼʮһûпƺȥʰٷ֮٣ٺһĽ˷ֻаٷ֮ʮٺʮͨͨɹˣһѾеľϣŸҽַƮѩϡ
˾ҪƮѩֲѪһ⣬żȻһΪɬûֵľħҲԴģʱеħ鼮ҲûҵѪƽⷽյʱȴһʽľ˫ħħ临ӣħ뾫ɹʻߣƺеĸħˡ
һ룬ѪһѱҪʶԭʶһŮʶ⾫ħһʶܵᴥħħὫѪħУֻҪһ֮ԴԴħ;Ѫħһһɣֱʧ
أһ̧˫ֵŮüģ뾫ʼ̽
ΪħʦԵʣŮʶһƬڣ⵹ʺһ޹˼ɵķӡ
γһϸϸһԺеħʼԲγһߣ谭ӵнڰʶԣһӵͼĿʼγɡ
Ҳ֪˶ãŮʶγһԲħħǾܸӵͼֱܿͷۻʱħѽӽɡ
ڣһȫڱԵħ󹦸ɡһؽħѰž䣬ʱħҫɫĹ⻪صķǴէ֮񶼲С
Ȼһ˫ĨҹĻǳǣƺЩʲôƺʲôû͸
һһŷ걻ӡ͸ķ˴ľҲЩƣȴŨŨľϲӦеԺ˵ʶħǿŰ룬һŪɹˡ
һ´һˬѣƿ˳ȥ
ЩɷϸܵСѩȻźƮ䣬綼һ㵭İɴ
ǳһһŵĳԺУ֣ϸܵѩУǱĸо˼Ǹ׵硪ԭ
̼ǵõΪҽ˫ϵ䣬ݷһԭѰϣůƺտʱȴ߹ĸġ
㻹ڻɽ𣿡һ૵۹ľѾؼʱ̣ѲȥɽѰݷ
ݷһʶļλŮ֮һʶĵεΣһǲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
Сݷֻǿһȴɫǣ֮ԵʱԼСʵȴǧħȺнȳһЩء֮޵ƺ͹еٵԭ֮ļν
ʱһͻȻһħĲӻоѣһıŴӿз
һָһըһѵıۣһѩ׵ӰӴӿ˲们գ۲Ӱ


521 ݷ


һͷһ𣬿ݵӳһ˿ɫλΪһ׷ǰӰȥ
İƶǬŲƣٶȱҲй֮޲ܴﵽٶȵĿ³ʹ˵еܹ֮ԽˣȻϵҲܴﵽٶȡ
ǰӰٶȴһȥѴï
Ī׼һ˵ǹƨܲµʲôڵȴһ˽ŲͷƲסļֵļ϶ﴩϵĻѩ׷䣬¼䷢ϣȴ벻⡣
һΣһҰÿ벻֪ʱճһԲһԲ쾮һ㣬ϸܵѩʵĹ䡣
׵ѩ֮УһĨôͻأ䣬һȼյĻ档
һϲػһ
ĨתǲõЦݣеľӨޱϤĻƤף޽һͷ̫ҫ۽𷢣ĩݷֻ˭أ
ȥ꣬һǧҹ˼ǳܹᡣ
˶ŶԷȥһϤƮһѾݷϸܵѩ֮תȦѩ׵ķѩ֮ͣϣǲ֪ʱɫգҲգض·Ůˡ涨һͯΨ
һؼǽݷһĨ̺죬ճһӢȵӣĩѾֻ࣬ǵĻЦ׵ĺȻ
һˣ𣿡ݷСָһؿǻһĻߡ
ɵѾͷԭشȥһץסݷСַڴһǣϲķȻڶࡣݷʼռеһϯ֮ء
ݷͷһ仹б黰𣿺һƺԶҲ黰ԣԸһӶ䣬ֻҪߡһжƺ޹ؽҪˡ
֨֨֨֨Ŀ⽻ʱѩȴǴһԾ£һؼֱ֨֨СͬʱһĵѪɫôһĲ
˵ĻˡݷЦ
һݸ򿪺ڰԪռͷųõСϻС룬ޡɴཫʶҲ˳
ֻ޶Ǿĩı棬޵Ǻþöûг͸һƺƬֶʼζϵػѩµһͷԵվһı󣬺ڶۿâ˸
硣Ӳе׼ݷŵþ
ɩӡһٺһЦ
һķԸݷ﻽һݷɫŨǰһɫ֮ǰǽȻͬʱǷֻ֮бһʻضԵڵȴƺȫһصĹ֮ڣǹϻصɫģرǺִϹĹǴֹ̣֮ɱ֮ΨһͬĿ¾ŵѪɫˡ
̫˼ˣô˵ˣѵѵľʶˣݷﲻŵ૵ʶã찡⻹ʶ
ǵģȻ˼뼸С죬ȷʵǾжʶˡһЦ
˵ݷﲻţǵ˵ʱҲһ
ݷӲĹʵôģ
֪ɻ룬еôӵô֪أ

ʵѩȴԽԽ󣬲һëƮ䣬䣵ĺѩ̹Ǻ
ǰ컹ģǽȴƮѩҲ̫仯޳ˣͻҪøβĹһˡ
ʱǵһ漴ԶһĿ˻䡣ѩ֮УһƬƲ㼲жգۼ㵽һݷĸǰȴݷİԺơ
һϴǵķõһ֮һ뿪ʱ㽫ƷŹҰ⣬ʮ㣬ǵݷʱ»ص˵ĸǰ
ȵĴԴһһĥȻĩˡ
ȥģݷЦʡ
˷ѩɽϵ÷Ӧÿ˰ɣȻ̤ѩѰ÷ˡһЦݷΪһŻ泯ԶɽɱȥΪŴƬ÷֡
ں˵һֻ׵ɽ岢£ûһ˱ɽ÷ֹһϣڴѩй°ţ÷Ƣ
Ư÷ݷﾪ̾ǧ÷ɽӭѩŭţʥָ߰ݲóۡ
ǰƯһ§ݷЦڵͻȻЩ룬Щӭŵĺ÷һһԶڱԭ˫
ݷ̧ͷһŻʵ˫ˣ
һعǸȻһЦЩݷôµġ
ǿһ˼ݷЦѩǵ°ĺ÷Ҷ˫ˣοǷأ
һݷһʯͻ÷£ŲԶֻ޵֣˼ϡǰѩ׷ɵĻ᲻˼Ƿѩй°ѩأ
ݷ￿һļͷһ⼸ߵһУһ׮һ׮ϸϸǽһңԶĴ˵Ϊ¼Ǵ˵
ݷһδξ̾һδνַ£Ȩ㣬صаһĲ½ƣԭ⼸귢˶飬ϧûĲ룬ʮֵź
һҲݷ֪⼸飬ԱһľʵľݷľԵõޱȣɽׯһҵ˷˶һصܸȴҲӡ˻ɽһ֮Уֱ˶زŵƿء
ã˰رһ𣬾ŷѩƮ䣬ܰΧˣ룬һҲʧΪһ¡
һ˿ɫͻȻеҶˣ컹ȥء
ǣãҲףǣһ߰ɡݷ˷ܵشһվӻɽһֱǶ˼ĸڹǣʮ


522 ѩ


һݷ˼ңɶŮԺͤѩò֣ϱ֮Ĺϵ治Ǹǵġ
ĩıݷϲѣһ꺮ů༸ŮʶҲʡһһ
˵һϾҪǰǣ弸Ů׷ױʾҪǰ椶ֱӴĻУ
ʵҲиŵ˽⣬ָǹżϱ֮أս϶ںº֣Ҫķŵ㣬⼸ϱҪչţһëײšĶ䡣һЩʧ䣬Щ켸绨ϱĩйĿģ⼸ϱһ߿Ҫįˡ
֪ףһᱣǵģ˭ҶϱһëҲһҧгݵػȭͷǻǵŮֱЦͬʱҲӿۣǶ֪һ˵õ
ˣʱҲˣҪ߾Щ·ɣѩģǧҪע塣һһ̾ӴҪɵģֻҪżƣʱؼЪһЪľˡ
һ§§ŨŨ飬Цף㲻õģֻȥǿһˣܿҾͻƯϱġ
ûΡСӡڶӵĻЦĶĳˣֿůڵһзꡣ
ĸУһһŮʻŸ
óšһǵͨͻȻŵһһֽ֪ǰ̤֮ϡ
ðŷѩһĿһʰֽһüһ壬ֽ㻯Ϊ˻ҷɡ
֣ľŮôʧ١һĵڽ·ľƢȥûг˷
ʲôˣүһԵʵ
ûʲô¡һҡҡͷľصݼһòصעƫƫ˻ܹϵˣЩԽ
ѩ죬ڿǻЦů紺ոƹسݷܿǴһƬá
˵ϾɫŮеĵط¾һߵġŮĻ崿ʳ˼̻ȸɫŮһһһߵŮˡ
ȫ۴ʱһŮ˶ʼɵ񣬵һҲǼĸòдӢݷʹħĵԵط壬绨Ϲܿ崿òƷ˵з۵ĵС椶һСһҪ䶯ˡ
ƥ׳ŵغһ·֮ȴͻȻ˹ٵһһתԱߵС·
һǺЦƺ뵽˼俪ĵ顣
ࡣ֪ʮʱһδߵ·һЦأ˻֮С
һԶҲ޷龰һ߽ڸİ磬ŴɫʵҲǴСʼ
Ѱԭ߹С·һѰԼؼ䡣
ǿùͺͺĴִΪһڵգǿ£ʼĵһ顪ħţҲʩųһˮħ֮ҲӴĻ
Сһϴϵ۹ˮеĵӰһοԼģ
ѩǺڵ磬һһҲѰһطӪ
һħĲ˿ʩųĹƮڿС
һ»ˣͻȻ˿ЦʱһҲӱӪտһֻõʱ򿴵һƮС£͵˿ԡ֮һϵ˸п¼
˿ƺҲͬ飬һĿԣһЦ֮Եݾô
ΧһԹͣ˻صԼڤЪϢһ˿Ϭһͬ߳ǣںڰķѩ֮С
˿̱˾ǷЩʲôһЦ˵
˿̰һһۣ˵ɫǣôҲóָȻһһ͵ϴһ¸ǻµ顣
һٺٸЦ֮飬ʱҲ̲סҿһء
˿̽ߵشһһȭȻЩįʱԼһҲãҲŪһŮȴҲɡ
һ˿̵飬֪ʲôһȱ§뻳У˼ˡֻҪһһжν
˿̸ж֣һĻôģʵ֤ûаˡֻҪߣǱԶ
ã˿̴һ̧ͷǻȥɣýŻúúǡ
һ΢΢һᡣû˵ӵĻʵŮҲˡ
÷úñһḧ˿̵ķ۱
һŨŨϢ˿̲Ծرȫղһ˵Ů֮£ͷһȴôҲƲס
ôˣо˿̽Խ§Խһֵʵ
򡭡ȥ֮ǰ˿̷ɡ˿˵Ϣǻȡ
һһѾͷôͻȻ䶯ˡĴ֮һƾΪȫޣԸ⿴ء
ĩ𻰣˿̱ͻȻһĴֳСӵηӶȥһ㵽˵ԡˮ̶ǻȪˮɽγٲ¡
˿һһ磬ʱ⣬ů紺
˿ҧ´ϵһļƮȻ£ֻһذɫ˷£Ĩڿ϶ż䵭۵÷
ǡһһڿˮǵòаʢ
ʱ͵˼ϴ裬˼ҵʲôˣ˿̺һʱȴ¶⡣
һɲʱģ˿̺֮ѩأСһͲסس
˿С֣Щ׾ؽһѣҪһ㣬ǺȻðشȴ֧Ϊ
һĿ£Сһֵͦص˳ŵӵ˿ҫܲǵһοСһ˿̻ѵ
һɤһ˿ɳƣѾЩȲҪ˿˵ķˡ
˿һҧƺ˺ܴľģСһذ£һԼͦ鷿ʱ˳һˣһ۾ֱˡ
˿һȻذ׵ССһὫС
Ҫһһִ̼һ˱ر뵽͵͵Сֺ˿̵¸ʱһͲɼ֡
˿̿һķӦصУ⻵һһ뵱ˣԼȻܹǿҵظܵеȸС
찡ŮһǺ꾫תһаѾͷȼ
㲻СڿЧ𣿡һһ˿̵һ˵
˿СһȴԽŮȹ£һѽռָĴ󴲰˳

һ㣬˿ſһϣСֲͣҵ˫ȼŮ˽һֵò
ˣ˿̼һȫһΣǵ˿ֵĵ߷壬СһȴҲһ籡׵Ķմ¿㡣
Σ˿Ļع񣬿һƬǽ¿㣬һߣڻعԸղŴ󵨵ľٶЩţոǸ
ͻȻ˿һе¿һһ˵ͷǷáǸϿȥɡ
һٺһЦһĩһϢٴγ֣ȴ§žݷ
˿̰һһۣæñӽԼסԴ䶼Ҽˡ
ǡݷҪʣСȴһĴϮҪ˵ػ׵˾֮⡣
ҵݷｿĵڽڻصڱµ˿ҧһһηġ
ڣ˿Ͳסеĺ档̽ͷһʱĿɿڴֻһݷϣҵײҵӾسոһļֱ֮
ʱһȻعͷ˿ֽ̡̽͵˿˳ħצʼŮŰ

Хĺѩǳ˱ѩ磬籩ѩҹĽֵọ̈̄һַǷط½ҲѵóûԲеسӡ
ǻʹڵ鷿֮ڣһϮ³ľ̶ԭʵ֮ϡĿעվһ۵սϡ
㵨ӲСɱսȡ֮ǲûҪһֱȥľüһȴӴļµѹ
Ʋңֻ⼸̬ʹһֱżҵСһƿ޻档ս̬ž޲
ˣܽͬܽ𡣡ľ棬ǰ㣬սʱŵ˺ŵùĹŹ֡
һ֪ʹضŭս˵
һ֪ҽɲʱ˰ɣΪùҡľ˵
սǽɲ̵ʱ䣬Ϊڿ۹֮ǰѴڣʹһʳ֪һ˲档
Ŷľüͷ
һʳһܣձʹ֣Ҳʹսشڣȥ
ľһԥȥʦǰľܶĪ
֮ǰսľǲ־ĵط
վסЩʲôľһƫͷȻһСҵػƺڿʯˮĲϷĩûмǴЩýħģϴһΪûע⵽Щ
ʹֺα֪ʣЩǽħزϣѾŸⲼϣֻһЩ߶ľʯˣܿƾͻȡ㹻ľʯʹصġսͣȻƽȴ͸¶Ϣķ
ľĿһȻ֪Ҫ߶ħҪӴľʯȱپʯҲ֮Уֻû뵽ӾȻбŸûŭĲ⵹ǳ֮⣬ѵƾһסϣ취Ÿһ档
ľµ߽ҡһ˵ûΪӵļһѾʼƿأҪɱĻ
ʱսɿһǽһģǽϾȻһεͨ


523 Ȧףצ


ںڶףƺһֻ޵Ĵһ㣬ɭɭĵص׺ӿؿֲ֮ɫ
ľͫһĵʶؾ
ʹڡսḷ̌˫ĿһĨ֮ɫ
ľ̤ǰڶͣס˽ŲսȽ
ʹ̫СĽˣȻˣƾȽȥˡս˵̤ص֮С
֪ΪΣľͻȻܵز˱ƽΣգ룬ץս
һâľץսֱһ˳
ʹƷ͸ĴͰɡսؿЦ
ʱұһϹ֣صͻȻӿֳһֵħصħǽܳ֡
ħԭһжµȦסľͻȻˣûпŸôӴһħ񣬶֮Уͷβ͡
ϧʹ׵̫ˣ˵ƻøлʹڵħ󣬹սӵŤԵùĪ
ͬһߵˡΪʲôҪңľ̵ƽʵ
ͬһߣʹΪɵ͵굽żǷƱЩڰʿͷʦķģ˵㶯һֽǾ͵ûҷսüĿһ׺Ѫ֮ɫ
ľһǵ͹һû뵽ĿŵضԸ
Ϊƾħס𣿡ľ
ңǰס걾һûָɡȻΪΪʲôҶ֣սЦˣһж֮Уָоȱˬһ򱶡
ľ̲סɫ걾һ֮û֪ε֪ģ
֪ô֪𣿹ǾװסҵϢǴӰƳǵĺ䷻أ˭ųϢԼ°ɡսЦЦ˵ĵ⡣
ľ䡣Ѿ֪˭ˡ˶֮ǵݼݼ˭أһ¸ݼݼȴϢ˾ʦ֪ˣ͸ɱ
Ҫ̫磬ѪĹϵҲˡľ̵˵
սЦ˰㿴ľ̡ҡͷôףѪĲҡǲǺΪʲôΪһͬܵ˫̥ܵܣôӦô¡ˣˡʹһ·ߺãƾ͵
ս˵꣬һصľһۣȻʧصڡڵʯ˲ϻָԭ
뵵ϹУľǿװصĮ鿪ʼڡǳ鴤¶ʹ顣
ħ󣬴˵ܽסħֻ󲢲Ȼн֮ȴ޽֮ʵħһתֱӲʳ˵ľʶꡣľ̵걾û֮ǰҪͻħ󲢲һѵ飬ҲŸҷĽħز÷̸ʦȴ˶Ը
ľһҧӣŻɬϽһ㵭ĺֵЩɫâ֡
ͬʱľ̴ӽָͳһɵħᣬԽԽ죬Ҳ̲סʼ
ȻľΧһǿҵ𶯣ռɲǼŤеؽħữΪһƽʧľһѪίҵڵأǰʼ˻Ӱһź˫ǴһƻЦĿӣöЦûвûƣеֻǴ顣

ѩȻϣƺҪ֮ǰѹƵŭȫйһƬװعɽҰָһıѩ⵹֦֮ϣγɼ׳۵ľɫ
ɽתұߵĹٵһʱ͵ˡݷСǳ󣬶ܱϤޱȡ
ռ𣿡椶Դʵ
СݷЦ
п𣿡椶ʡ
ȻСݷ￴椶Ź˫ЦһڰԪռļֻ޲ʱشܳ磬һǵʳѱϷָɾˡ
кʨ𣿡椶һڿˮ
ݷŮҲֱЦʨAϽħޣΪFĻ
ʱһһ˽椶һѱ뻳У°͵ĺ椶۵Сϲ˲䣬椶۵Ŀ顣
С椣ųԣʨûУСצĲϵֳɵġһٺЦץ椶ֵСЦ
ҪҪ椶ģ׳Խİɡ椶Сʮֲˡ
õ椶һۣСѾͷˡ
ϵ椶ĶడҪԵȻ椶ġһٺٶȤ
椶쿴˿ԼֵС֣ͻȻǰһǽظö⣬椶ֶöࡣ
ȿȣһûԼĿˮǺڳæͷתȥԼһСЦ˳ĸǿɲġ
༸ŮҲ׷׷ӦһѧһתͷȻסЦ⡣
ҧסһѽ椶˹ȥίǷŭˣ˵椶Ŀӣ׼Сƨɾһᣬֱ椶ֱޣ齫۵СŪ˴
ˣ椶Сỵˡһס֣޵ϡﻩ椶ǺЦۡ
㣬Ҫ椶ôȻ
һЦӣͳֽȥ椶ᣬɫ椶椶׵ˣΪ˱ԲҪԼ椶ͬҲҪ㲻˺֪𣿡
椶סƶǶصͷųһһĻУӵ㣬椶ˣˣ椶ø׳Եظϵġ
꣬һҲ̲סشЦŮҲЦû֦Ҳ椶̫ɰˡ
ۿҪ߳ŭһشܳⱻŭ𲨼
ȻһƤһľ⣬Ҳɲֱ̬ơ
һѩƮԶѶһĨֵĺӰ


524 ħ֣ʯ


ƥ׳Ķͬһʱ˻Уһѹƣŵõͷˡ
쳣̱Ů˲Ծһѩǧģѩӡòɷ
оƣȻ˵ĺâ
Ӧڰԡһ˵
Ϊ½ǿߣһĸܸӦħһļһʮǿ
ΣǺӰȻڲԶ֣μ͸ӣԵʮֹ졣
װŪһӰǰûɴһڿƮȴѾʧԭء
ԶӰܱߵĿɲǼͣѩ续涨㾲ֹ¡һȻըӰھűͬʱ俪ӼٵȻֻж̶룬ǾĶǵĸоȴôǿңǾǿ֮ĶԿ
Ƥ湻Ӳġһ˦˦Щֱ˾ֿڣոȫװŪĺڰħһƣȴûռֱˡ
СһҪãʲôʱô̥һԾЦǺӰ¶˱ĿһŻ׳ߡ죬ҾǼƬĺɫۡ
Ѳħһĳϣ֪ססǣһϼһƺ޶⣬ƲɷһЩ
߾һСһﵹúܣħһʧڲ½ˡ㾹ܹϳ
˵꿴һ漴ȻҲڣֲôסǲ޶⣬ֻǸղѰӵֶŮ˵ظӦһ̽
һͷʾףǸո椶ƨɵʱйħһĳϸӦˡ
ʱħһĳǰɻض´ƺϿЩʲô
үү㲻Ҫ۸ҽ㡣椶ħһسֱضĽ㣬᳹һҪĹССǰ档
㣿ħһĳһ㶣ղ椶ٶѾһʱΪӾȣĩ뵽ʲôƵͻȻ¶֮ɫõС
ȴɫһ䡣ϵ߷壬һͷʱ˶ɵıӡ
ţС޶ûж⣬ÿµĺӣħһ峤ϼʵ
Ҳץǻȥ𣿡
ȻǣҸүүֵܣ㻹ýһүүħһĳ̾һ˵
һЩȻ绹Сһ˱ñܣħһ˴үүйɵġ
ֻиĸãûʲôүүħ׷ɱҸĸʱģҸĸһץʱģ˪˴̹ǵһ˿顣
ħһĳϱŵ޷˵ȴǻһε̾Ϣ鼫临ӣΪֻ˵Щʲôأ
óһͻȻ֪һ廹ħһ嶼һЭǲ̤磬ΥЭ½кĿأ
ôһЭֻС̰뿪ħһ½ҴѰǻȥħһ峤˵
һʼ磬ƺԸүүݣǿڵȻˣͼȥѰСɣ½Ѿҵģꡣ
ħһ峤һ£۾ͻȻעӵߵ椶ϣͻȻӴƣΪǿʵײϮһа椶
һûжϼһﲢǴˣ̶ֳȵ˲椶
Ȼ椶ˣ˷ܣСŵشţʵ˲䱻ڣȻ۾գҲգضħһ峤ϣٸԼһˡ
ħһĳȴƴһŵؾУȻûȻ壬⡭⡭
椶ɻħһĳϣͻȻܵһĻУָףүүǲ椶椶ֲǺ
һٺЦϼһ椶⣬Ҳѹ֣һ忪ʼڣʵֹֻ椶ǵ
ħһĳƽһ飬ѹס뽫椶ǿ°ߵͷǰһֱЦеǿ󳬺ټǼλһͲͨɫŮӡӲĻֲ˱ˡ
չ˺ǡãⳤϳһ˵һʧڷѩ֮С
һЦݽħһ̤½˭֪ʲôıһħһ໥ƺ⣬ħһس˵һ塣ǲ½ɾˡ

ѩ֮еĹذһƬԶԶǸ߸Ĺã˵й񼣽ٹĵطߵ϶Ϊ֮˾Ϊ۹ó׵ļɢأҵüΪȴûطһͭζǣʾׯµϢǽǵ̸¡
һǰˡĴ羰ܷѩ󣬵ǵĽֵȴȻַǷ
һڶˣҲ𲽵һУӶᣬעһӶ͵ȼFӶӽ˻çƽԭðգʶС¶櫺ڤʥŮģȻݷ
һϤڷ˼ҵķõ꣬Ҳǲ½ģһõ꣬˭÷˼ǹǵĵһأλѵıõȻҪˡ
Ȼݷ֣æͷתƹ񻹲ŵʹգգ۾
塣㲻ʶ𣿡ݷЦһŮõȫֱ۾ݷһЦԵߵչʱѾݷɬȫȥɢųķ飬ƫķּдŽüӢҲʼǡ
С㣬ˣ⼸㶼뻵ˡƹĴСڷ˼峤Ƿ˼Ϊĵˡ
𣿡ݷʵ
ǰȥҶʱҲûˡһ˵һǰõߵĺ׷
Ϊ½׷װμݳȴԵøʮ㡣
һһݱĿľƹȡƿõһͨĩˣһھź̾ɭֵİٻǲ˲٣ϧǵڼǰͺȹˡ
ɭǸɾĵط˻һҲĳĬԹԵ˵Ƭɭǣҵ˶¶櫣Ů£ݿ֪ôˣûأ
뾫ŮʳҩһĽɸ飬һƬƽʱãֻڵռȴڳٵĵǰʹ
飬һѹ˼ͷ˦Ժָһű㿪ˣ˿վſڡ
ȥһ߰ɣҺܾûʥˡ˿̶һ˵
һĿһ̻ʲ˹ϴβ³ǽõĴըĩȥ̻ҲʮƽǿϽˡ
˿ֳ˷õ꣬ص󣬵˶֪ಢûиǵ֮⣬ҲӰ˰ɣֻ࣬̾Ϣ
ǵĹڷѩ֮У޴ĹˣڸܿܿǰȻﲻȻҲࡣ
߽ݣʵʥڡ˿̱һ¥
ʥŮ˿̿ʥ롣˿վ
֨ѽһʹĴŻ򿪣һ͵Ϣӭ崺֮С
һ׵ļۣ绪մŵЦݡڿ˿˺һĨȰ֮ɫ
ʥ룬Բ³һ£¶ʥýһٺЦȻûε
ϰһҲΪ⣬ֻǳ˿͵˿̣ҿ
˿ɿһ˹ȥһƬͰ׹˿̵Ķͷòһ̾ʿǺѸıˣǲԹҺʦ
ûУҲԹκˣΪ·Լѡġ˿ҡҡͷΪˣʵҲϲ֮졣
˿̡ҽһֿʥ֮жĸ˵˿̽һ䣬ǿյ֮˼ֻ֮йĵˡ
ȥ֮ûйš˿ϵع֮ϡдʵźڣһһֶû壬Ǿеĳħػ֮࣬һˬĸо
뻯һСϿʼɢɫ͹âʥ
һһЩģƵһʱͣ㾶Գ˷䡣
뵽ЩģĹõض㶼һ乩̻ʲ˹Ϣʯңһʿ˶¥
һ֪ƿʯڡҴܡ³ǼõʯҲյʲôûаڷš
ʯһȦһȥ
ɾʱһظоƺһ˫۾ڰһȻͷȻǿտյʯڣʲôҲûп
֡һſʼÿһǽϸѰңһ˿һŹûзκ쳣
ѵǴһҡҡͷʯȥҪƿʯţֱ˿ӵĸоȴһγˡ
һĿɨܣ˭
ǻشȴ˵Ļ죬һΣǰе۾ȴûرܣտʼǾǿӵظоǴӺ洫һȴƺÿһڿӣȴƫƫҲһ˿ĺۼ
һһֿҪץظоѹȥԲܻǴܲǴ˵еǧ۰ɣǻЩ
һüͻȻƳǽ˹ȥֻһ죬ʯǽȻγһֻεĿ׶һȥȴʧطǱһֻһĿݣֻƺûпſڣѻһĻҳ
ƨĹ񣬲õļһһߺߵνĹڲ˹ϣ˵ʮ֮ò˹ȣûϢⰵˮϵʯӲƴܰҲʧƬ֮С
뵽ܰһʧؿǽ֮ϣͻȻһһĳʹ
Щһһֱӱʵһʼնȥ˰̣ǽ죬˰̱ͻȻѪ졭
ǰƺֳֶܰ˵ǾֱĻ磬֤ҶôŬҪ㣬ĸԸý̻ʱȻ޷㣻˵ҲҾǰҰ磬Ұ㡭
ܰҺ㡣һȻ£ôȫ͵ʹ֮ڵһҹһڶû°ڴǰ˭֪еʹأ
ʱһֵķ粻֪ﴵ˹Χһתת漴Ʈɢһϵȴڲ֪䱻紵ߣһоǷдᡣ
һһӸղŵı˾ѹոһɲƻá
涼ǽڵһշҲǷյģܻз磿һһüطЩ̫
ꣿܵģл֮ľǵֻʣһƾ񲨶ܸӦõ
꼸ҵʯͻȻ󿪣˿̳ſڡ
үǸʲôҪ𣿡տǽϵǸӡո˿ĸйʿ˵̻ЪϢʯжʱһ
һָָ㿴˵
˳ŶһҲһ֣ô֪ôһշԭͷǼǽڣûڡ
жͷˣһʵ
˵ڼǧǰ񼣽ʱģҲ֪մ
ǧꣿÿ湻ʵģѲ񼣣һ
ʯЩ̫ԾҸղһֱоڿӣǱǼʯ֮ȴʲôҲûз֣ҡҵľһɲЩʧһ뽫˵˳ո뵽ܰʱǱ־֮ǰ˵Ͳܣʯҿ϶⡣
˿ԽЩŵ´Ƕ֪һʵǿľǴǲûָоѵָҵĹϣ˼ԼͬؽĿͶ˶ǻҳĹ


525 ڰ̻׷ɱ


ڵҹںХѩ׷ɣµ۹ɽƫƧɽѱѩ죬֮۹Ҫࡣ
һӰȴ⺮ҹɫɴܣٶȼ硣
ģһȺ蹷ǿסĹУ޺޵Ѿڰ̻ľӢ׷ɱʮˣǾƤҩһںճţôҲ˦
ʮΪڷӡĴħԵʣܹúЩ׷֪ԼĴŷλ
৵һĴǰһߵСսԼ֣СϵӵֻبߣľΪ̫ԵʣСϴһɭĹ
ĻĹˣĩʩһħСһһ˶Ŀӣһ磬ָֺܿһۼ
ʱɭС϶ʮֺ۵ӰϷŨصĺڰϢͷ֮һŮԣԼĸ֮⣬ûиִֻ֪ĺڰʿĺ׷ɱݣҲѹĻᱻƵǱ
ǼʮڰʿСĶĸҪŹκϸСĵطҸӦС˾ͶСϡͷŮ˺޺޵һڵĻһǸԳˮ׵
ǣˡĸȥʮڰʿСĽֵǻ
Ųһ·ĲĵطòֱģȻϢĽ磬û뵽̻ʷ˾Բ뵽˶׷ɱСڰ̻ʷ˵ʵ۾԰ǽ̻ʵϵһЩȴɵѣһĸʮڰʿǴ˵еķҲҪ˼֡
ŲԽԽ̤Ĳ֮Ϸȴͣ񾭽һСҪˣɲҪҲҪȼһ֮
ܿ죬ĸĸۼ˽̻ʷ˵ߡ
ôûзǸСˣ̻ʷŭʵ
ˣѹеĵطûзʥŮټһĸش
žһĸ̻ʷһ⽫ˡ¶һŲҰ˰ӡ
ʥŮǸСѲҺڰ̻ڤʥŮ˭ٳƺΪʥŮҲ̻ʷߵ
֪ĸһƢûС
̻ʷ˻ܣǸС˶صĹǼǣΪҾҲ𣿡
̻ʷһ̧֣һƺָ𡣶ҲŻɬ
µĽһؿڴһʹд󺧣ǸҪڷӡشħٳһħԼλü̾ͻᱩ¶
ɱȥ̷뷨ֻҪħԼڣôԼٻǻ¶
һˣķѹƣһ׶ʴǵĴʹСһĨӰһѪĵؿͬʱȻӵص״
һѩ׷ɣһ޴غɫƾڵҹȴĹĹ⡣
Ȼꡣһȣ޴غʼתֵֻüĵʶһ󼤵һǿС
̣һ̴ЩڰʿðϤ䡣
ֻǶ̶һ˲飬Ѵӵص״𣬳Ž̻ʷǱ˵ʱʩųһԼǿĻצгһֻ޴İצӰ˽̻ʷˡ
̻ʷһ찵ħ£Ӱ˲ʧڰУֻһѪһ˿鲼ӰƮ¡
ʱ̻ʵĸҴʮڰʿʮڰʿƬƬĺڰлġ
ҧһüĵľɲǼ䱻գһǿҵĺڰһ֮ըһѪŵĺɫ
ڹ֮ʱ֮ڣǺѪһƾʧ˹ġ
ͷ׷ܲԶġ̻ʷܻû˴ħαҪҵˡ
ĸʣĺڰʿӲͬķ׷ȥʱ̻ʷ˷ſؿڵС֣һϸ˿ڣǸոձĴ㲻Ĺˡ
Сˣ׽Ҳ㡣̻ʷҧгݵ͸Ƶѿ˿Աߵһ߲ʰ̺ʱŭЪǸ쵰µһԶļǺţҲԶس衣
ѩԽԽ󡣷ԽԽƺ˿ĺžû
ȫںеӰڿлһӰһСƬѩǵСԱߡ
ͷĺʱӣµ˫һŵѪȵζ
ѰζżڰʿС֮Сĩ߼һϢһ£ΧİɫѩرѪȾһƬ졣
ķ۾ǼӰƽĶ˶ֻǾ̫źûмһ档
Ѿ׼˱ľġԷҪ׽вһôƴһ˿Զڰ̻С
ߵĵǰһƬ˲ûڡ
㡭ľͷʹѵԴһᣬǻ࣬ϵ˿Ҳ˲£ϡ
ڴʱͻȻһ˫һӽеѪζɢ漴żڰʿﱼ˳ȥ
ݹǣʲô𣿡һ˴ӿƮɶ¡Ŵĺʵ
ûСݹɳ̵˵
ȥȫɽˣҲŵ˿ʥСˣǹȥǻϰɡ˵ͷ˵Ҫȴɲͣ
ǰ£ѩͷѩһС鱻Ⱦ˰ɫ
ʵѪҺ϶СˣݹǣС˺ܻϢȥһ顣˵űȥ
ݹɫһ䣬һ˿ɱ
һֱµģһϲ̸о˲ԾôԵݹȴ˵û
ֻǺ˷Ӧ̫ˣѾ߽١߽ʬԤ׵سߣ˲佫˺ѳϡڷӡĴħ֮ʱֻצһħûüһ㱻׼ؿݹǸʬˡ
ݹǽ֫⴦ɾʩһסı㼱ߣ̻ʷ˿ɾúܣһЩ±˶ߡ
ĿſݹȥıӰʶģͷһ֮УЩĺڰ̻׷ɱѾľеľһٺҲҪóһʱָˡ

첻֪˼ĴѩڱСˣϡϡƮϸСѩֻǱȻ˵ۡ
ӺɽķͻȻӰȴˮϵħ۵Ůӣһʮȴһʮͷ˵Ů˽շУеٶ˵Ҳħʦľ硣
ǰС־ǰµ۹ı߾ˣȴѾΪ˿Ů˵
̣ǸڵĵطﻹжԶŮʵƺ˭Ҳ뵽⿴ʮŮ̡
Զˣǵٶվܵˡشȴһ˿ɺ
Ů̿ʼŹ⣬ȻʮڴһĵŮǴʥħѧԺˮϵħʦˮŮˮգǰµ۹ҪˮյףҲˮΨһĶӡ
ܿ˱ӵСֵϿգʱˮͻȻһ̡ͣ򼱣ңȥ֡
ˮշٵ棬һʩųһˮϵϣ¿
šˮҿ˿ͻȻԼԶһֻװ׵С֣ͷʱһ
ˮϿ˹ȥ쾪һףڰ̻ڤʥŮ
ĩˮմˮ˽̡ôˣ
ȻǹִʱһйһϦ࣬ˮȴĩʱݶҲʶֻˮռĶͷϵĺɫӡǣ֪ݣϾǰ֮ʱ̻˲ءڰ̵̻֮ʱĵ죬ͷĺɫӡǱݱ־
ϵ˵ûʲôֻʶܵ𵴣֪Ժܲȫָˮ˵ʩųһ߼ˮȶסĵơ
̡Ǵһ·ɣô˵ҲǺڰ̻ڤʥŮǸ׺׵£ǲܼȰˮ˵
ˮ粻΢΢üͷ
̡֮ڶѣǷܵػϴ˻ʳħô죿ˮռ
ˮЦЦˮաİΣֻΪǳСӵŮ˰
ˮһ죬̣ô֪Ůˣˮ֪֮Ϊǰһ
ô֪أ뱣סͲôȥڰ̻ᡣˮ˵
Ϊʲôˮһȡ
ʶ嶼ǱڰħˣټһЩԣ̻˺˾Ǻڰ̻ˡˮ̾һ
ôܣڰ̻ΪʲôҪ˺Լˣˮղŵ
ˮҡҡͷҲٽͣŮѾﵽħʦĶˣħʦҲֻһ֮ңϧĴȴΪǷȱҲ֪δȥڰ̻ǶǴץʱ䣬Ժûлˡ
ȥɽţذɣһ˲ֵ𣿡ˮ濪˻⡣

պѾţ峤ţԴڻ֮еģˮûжͣҴȥ
ʱţûʲôı䣬ֻ¶Ϣȴ뺷࣬Ҳһλߵϡ
ţڴϻԵģţһ˿ΥѪɷ˵ĲϴŮˣҸһͬѵ顣
ãţת˷䣬ǰŴʯͷǸɢӨӨâþ૵ֵܣʱ򲢼սˡ
뿪𣿡ƽվţǰʵ̫˽ţˡ
ޣұûصϴˡţ
޺ͷ⣬⼸ͶӣһѶ׼á
޽ݣţִþһ׷ħչĵâ·ɢƬռѳһһ顣
ȡţһþһʮ˷Բףֻһɳʯ죬ڵȫʳ촷ۡ
̳֮Уţ䣬·ֻص֮ǰϴһðյӡ


526 


һԴӹǵĴгѩͣϵĹͽ޳ذýѩ
ȻͶ棬һһЦ𵱳ſݷľû뵽ʱһκüôȥˡ
һͷ˿ɵĴãͷǻҳǵĹǾе졣ǹ˲ʲͬҲûʲôرֻΪʲôôһᱻʥ붼֪أʯʱĹ飬һ˸ĩ⿪ᣬԲЩԼһʱĴ
˿̱˴˵յϸ˿̵ʦһĸоҪܵöࡣôĩ϶໰Ҫ˵һǲᷴˡ
һڽǰĴ㳡תƣطõ֮ʱͻȻһǻŶڵĳһԴſȥүˣϾҪˡ
һ㼱Ҵҵ˽ȥһһƬæµ
һ΢΢һЦͦɵСҲʱˡ
ŻƺƵųɳӽ˹ǣͷһΪݻƥ׽׳Ķţӥ
һɫϵһɧ·Χ֮˻⡣ǰͷʹѵӵԴӸһ֪֮࣬㳯һ룬⴩ŴҲģ˹ܻӭˣΪֻǸܴӺɽزҲࡣ
СӣȻүһ磬⻹ˡһﰵָ΢΢һ˲䵯ָϮ
ɫâһʽϮ֮ʱһϵİƾ½硣ոպãϥѵķ񾭡
أԭصȳƨɺݺ˹ȥȻǱˤ̤ϡܾ֮һ˻УȻʼȿ񱼡ʱϼһƬҳһࡣ

һ鷿ڣϥԹһ̫ˣôԴҳϵ£
СӾô϶ңһٺЦʡ
˭ôǱʮϵ羹ȻһЧûС˵
ϻ˵˵ںɽ÷ˮģһõϢû̽һʵ
ɽǱʮƽǱ峤ҲûʲôæŽûʲô顣˵ԥһ¡
ʲôһʵ
ϴҴɯǰʱС˵峤Ǽصز֪ں˭ӴҶһŰʱǱ峤ȴû˶˵ΪûӰϢԵҲûϱ
һüͷһ壬һ峤Ұķǳһݷںɽʮа˾Żſ۹֮ʱû١
ҿʱ䲻ˣҸӦûˣʱӦõȵء˿ɫ˵
ɣҲЩҪһ¡һ˵һ鷿
崴żһߣҲһֱżıӻ½ţС嵽ңżǾԵĹżүĩżƶˣĵޱȡ
żһȨɹǱƬ½İҲˮǴߣ˵Դӵطǣʱżıü屻żΪ壬ôҳΪµĴ֮һҲһңɼ롣
һ̫ϲᣬ˲ݲݺܽһЩ飬漴˳ȥͽ˾ưɡ
һûнͽרҵĴѰһλ£һʿعһƷű˴ţƨҲʧΪһ¡
ʲôǲţƭǾѹ·ڹһȦһԶλһӶģսʿĿ
ʯͷ㴵ʲôţҲܿεʱ򿴵İɡһȡЦһ⼸׷׸͡
һһ֣˶䡣


527 Ĳ


ΪʯͷĺӶʱŭֱðһȭȡЦ˹ȥʹ޵ľǱ˫ѿĵ˵¡
һʱ챻ʯͷҵѪſʼһʱ丽ȫһս
ЩһҪùˣͽ˾ưɿɲܹµĵطԶһųֻͬЦ
СආˣһЩүưҲҹܣͬ鲻ΪȻ
˵ֵܣճǲ֪ͽ˹ᱳǿӲϴǵͽ˾ưɺȾʱһ˴ż£µ֪˭ǿǻһ֧ү尡Ǳͽ˹˸˫һӳȥƨҷһЦ
ôţBԺСһ㡣ͬɪһ£³Ĳ񣬿ɵöѧŵ㣬ҪȻôĶ֪
ƺӡ֤˵жôȷưͻȻֳĨӰ½µ˸һſڵϡ
ӳȥͽ˾ư£ıӵǰɡһģԸ
һȡһʱվҪĻûء
ǹ֮˶ݺݵص˹һһǴŵЦݱһ䣬ҪȴԼãͽ˹ϼɶ֪һͽ˹ϴ
λ¸һӿɺãҶλֵܵĻǸȤһЦȥסǹµľ
ȻȻͷв֮¹漴Ը˽ʰã˱ȥ
ư˸һ졣²һ˵ݣǿһߵ֮ʱЩȻ
ڹһˣʶҶ֪ǹΨһĶӣǿ۹һżĸӹܶѲµͽ˹ıżڳ˿Ҳ
Щƾ֮˴ʱһ亹ԽΧһǧлһʱͷ˲Żͽ˾ư¡
λʯ֣ղ˵˾֪Ǽ١һӵʯͷʵ
ưɵעߣһôһʵҲ°Ȼ׷Χ˹Ҫס
λүʯͷͷ֤¾ԡʯͷظһΧˣЩ⣬ŵҴӰµ۹ΪʱԴɽС·˭֪ΪԻ˶ֶӣҲû߳ɽҶ۶ڲݴ﷽㣬ͻȻûҸһ̧ͷÿһһа׳ľڴ򶷣ƼֱɽѣɽͷɲǼ䱻ɨƽˡܾˣһˤҴǸɽͷҳôһӣβֻʮףҿûٴȥҪȻȾư
ʯͷһ˵꣬Χ֮Է׷е˼֮ˣеʾɡ
ҽմӰµ۹Ǳ߹ҲߵС·Ǳȷʵɽͷˡʱ˲
ô˵Ӧģ˽֮Ҳֻд˵еôǿڲ½ͼıɡһվ˵
ǿɾ͸ǴħʦҲѶԶԸһͷǲ½λħʦưڳ˸ָһʱ
⻹ģǲ½ڲڴ̣һͳһĻܶԿЩֵˡһħ۵̾
żֱӻӿ۹µ۹ҪһͳĻ϶żĪĻͳһĺáһȺ
ϻûˣùż塣Ⱥиϡ
һʱ䣬е˸㼺Ⱥз˴ۣż޿󣬿鱨Ա治
һҲû뵽һھĻôҵۣڼ½ǰ£żһͳ½ˡֻҪ鱨Աɿһ£ͻһʮʮٵģʱżͲôķˡ
һưʱ˳һĴ⡣
Ǽǲ㰲ŵİʵ
ȻǣĲ֮٣û뵽ЧôãýֲЧһ¡һҡͷЦ۾һ˿۽й
ǲ뵽ʲô⡣Թɫıһƺ뵽ʲôõļƻ
үҪһһ½ҥԣٺ١һЦ
ôһãʵ
㵽ʱ֪ڻط磬ȥЭ㸸׽פڹڵĸһŲһ飬رһЩ߼Ͷسŵǲʧúð졣һɫ
ǣ֤񡣡˳
һصõ꣬ͻȻĵѪɫ΢΢˲ͣ˽Ųתͷֱߵĺ׷
ǰ˿ûˣһϣͻȻһħﰵһ⣬û뵽ķķӦٶȻôѸ١
˭洫һ
ã𾴵ĿˣǷõĻƣһǷҪһӦܿ죬ѧŻƵ˵ʽʵ
ŶǲҪŮش
õģʲôҪ뾡ܷԸǷõ߳Ϊϣס죬ټһһסĶǷõ꣬˵ͷʽϤˡ
֨ѽһڵķŴˣ̽һԴЦЦ
һεӣ˷䡣
ʲôʱ˷õĻˣǲǿ˼ҹˣЦšһһ¡
Ϲ˵𣿡һһۣڷϲ᲻صץһ¡
ᣬˡ
ٺ٣˵ǾǰɣҿˣӡһЦһѱڿɳϣһѹȥɳ֮컴ǲö˵
ˣ˼Ͷˣӿɻڷء̺һƬˮһ߰˰ˣ¶Ƭļ
ãһܡһס履ǴһĨ΢Ц
ҪϾҪˣһ㡭㡭ҲǴȶʱвʱ
ã˵İһɫһҧŷ͸ĶЦ


528 ħ


һӷߺ̽һԴڿ﷭Ƹˡ
ˣǽǳȥһЦŴһУСһշĻС
ѳţŽ椶гȴûݷӰ
أһɻʵ
˵һ˼壬ڻûءش
һͷ椶˳¥ȥ·ղŹķŲͣһ⡣
Ҫת¥֮ʱӭȴһīѵŮŮһͷںڷ˿𣬷֮ȴĺһ˿Ƥ֮ɫ˿εúĿһһˡ
Ůһһ̣һĵѪɫôһ˿һţһе椶ȴ۾գҲգضŮıӰ
࣬㻺һĸ䣿һ֪ͨࡣ
һ¥ʼһүķб档
һüһȻˣŮϵϢȻεʮֺãһĵѪɫûǲϴźڰϢ
סղλͬҮ椶Ȼ˵Ļ˽һ˼ǸղλŮҲ塣
ûɣ椶һʵ
Ȼᡣ椶ûأ椶һĻ̲
ħһ塣һĸ֣λŮ壬ִкڰϢôһ԰ٷְٿ϶ħһ塣
һ˻һԵ̱ɫڹǵ;ħһĳϣڷõŮ϶ǳѰСɡ
һûмǴʱħһĳ˵Ѱ̰СղϵŮһĻǾͱʾǼ䷿ﻹһͽ˾ưʯͷؽһһսܾˣһпڷˡҲ˵һʱӦû߲ˡ뵽һ΢΢һ̡ɵشһֵķ˾¥
ҹĻĽ٣дϸϸѩڹƮʮɫħ޺ӡǱѩǶƴһ翵
Աǰؿ籩ѩǺõˣΪó׵ļɢأǴȻַǷ
ȻؿͻȻ·˶̧ͷΪǿΥȻɵİ
Ȼ䡣棬ͻȻֳһĨ޴Ӱ˲ѹڹǵϷ衣
찡ǾҪǹˡȺв֪˭ȷӦһʱҳһš
𡭡һŭǶ˲ſеħԪضһЩͨ˾˶סʺһѡ
ͻȻһ޴Ĺ˶رĿ
ǳϵдӴħعȴ˸˳ǽֻ¡һضɽҡʯĹ߽ҫ硣
һƽĩ̧ͷȴֿоѲ˷ӿųųǽȥǰľſڽֻ࣬һʮ׿ĴһŹ޵شһǰԭһƬһɽѻҷ
˾¥һᣬһЦŴӴ߹ͻȻزһ
㡭΢΢һ죬һһ壬ֱ۵
˽㣬ðŶ椶Ψ²ҵؿֱЦ
ǸҲҵĺ椶һЦ椶۵ϾһҿУ椶Ť塣
ΪʲôȥŻ˰ʵ
Ҫһ½ļĻ˶ϣһͳһԿ壬żռźܴƣоһǣ˰һһٺЦ
ụ́ҿ㰡ԽԽһֻϺˡЦ
һȴǸ֮£·Ƕõĳޣֱ˺ֺЦ

һĨӰõ꣬ҴҿŽ˷䡣
ɳ㣬ȥһ£塣Ůƿҵű㺰
ĴһλŮţڷٰɢǰʮ־£ƤƣֻǴһֲκ졣ǰֱۼ¶⣬Կļ粿мƬɫۡ
ħһ廹һ壿ɳ̧ͷʵЩš
֪вϢƺħϢҲϢ·˵ֻһ֣֡Ůڴɻ
ɳü˼ΣͻȻ˷ܵѵ
ۣɳ㣬ôŶŮûע˵ʲôǿ»¶ǰɳе
ˮٺ˵˺졣ɳݵˮһۣϣһͦڸǡ
ˮƤ˸Цʵɳ㣬ǲ֪ղ˭
ˮӦ֪Ҵ۵ɣΥһĹԸħһ֮λ˽żȻҸ˵һŮҲ¸ղľǷǴĩıĽ㣬Ҳֻħһһ干ͬѪŻͬʱ߱Ϣɳ̾һ˵
ȥɣǱǸһĹˣо֮߱æǾͿԺܿȬˡˮ˵
Ҳ֪ǲǣϵǧйҲ֪һ˶٣ƤĴѰǣķǶԲ˶ߡɳüͷƵ
ˮҲйɥǲǳһȻ׷ôᣬƾʲôͲܵ½氡ڵ˼ǧ꣬ȥҿҪΪʷϵһˡ
ʱħһһǰ¹Լ̤磬Ϊάָ֮ƽɡֻҪСһ㣬漸Ӧûġɳ˵
ţɱƵˣطִ֣кöóԵģǿɵʱץȥͷҲˡˮÿҲȥÿ죬һֺǺǵı飬һֹߡ
ʱɳͻȻƤһзһ˿˿ӵĸо񾭱˲һĺɫۼףȵ˭


529 ֹ뷿


ˮһŵվܣȴǹӰĩһ
ʲô˰绹ǺúõءΣˮ˵
ɳü´ӣÿһûзŹոǱ˿ӵĸоȴҲûгֹѵԼоˣ
ˮǳȥҿԡҡɳʱˣĸоûĻǶԷĵ֣һ֪֪µķ˾峤ҲѰ쵽
ŮոߵſڣͻһͳЦôˣҾ󡣡
ԵأɳûϸԷΪ˱㷴һķնȥ
ֻһǴͬĽȫƬеĽëѩƮ䡣
ٺ٣嶯嶯ħһʵ˫ڴ̨ϣЦŲԶ䱸ŵƯĸ
ࣿɳЩ𾪣ʲôʱʵѴﵽ̶ȣѵЩʿĴ˵ģ
㣬סǸǴŮ˵ļһˮ´½Ƶָһ
ħһС椣ؼ治һЦ
ǵȻˮͷ˿ûнһɵ˵ľ򣬻ҲһЦ˸оɡ
ɳȻˮҪ졣ĻҲҪһЩ´һΣࡣûͨͬǲòĿء˵ǲ
Ǻǣ˵ħһ岻Ӧóڲ½ǣΥԼڴˡҲòǵĿģҳԭ򡣡һ˹ЦɳĻ˻ȥ
Ƕûжأֻƾ档ûʲôĻˮæ͵
ɳˮһۡѾͷʲô졣һﲻԵأ˵ǵĲˡ
ô֪ǵݣɳȻҷɾ衣
ոġһʼ硣
ɳһͻȻݺݵصһһֱԱ߿ӣԼ岻Ǳˡ
ᣬʲôûʲôֶۡ֡һ˻¡˵һɳͻӳϮ˹
һȰڷȥűŭеɳԵ޿κΣĸȻǡ
н磬ɳΪ˹ҲޡҪȻһõ类Ϊƽˡʱ˼Լɫ
ɳͣвʵضһ֪ʱԼһĶ֡ʵҲˮԶԿءֻʱһǿ
ˣҪҪȿڲЪһЪһϷƵóһ˹ȥ
ɳȴǲһѽһִ򿪣豭˳ȥĲˮҲ
һָһһ͵ľȥ豭ڰתóزˮһβ©װ漴ַɻһСһֽɳˮһһ㶵ġʮǿ󣬵ƻΪһ۵Ҳѹַɵˡ
Ҳ˷ô˵Ҳҵһ⡣һʼ磬ԹԵһڡһζת
ɳˮһۣ˳һĶ档
ŶȻǶԲ½ûе⣬֮ȻѷǵˣɱɱǽλƤǾˡһٺЦ
ǳ𣿡ˮʵ
ȻͷϲװŪŻˡһЦ
˵ûϣֻǸո˵ġɳ˵
Ҫ˵ĻΨһȱǴ˵ѡһЦаһԼ˵ѣŻš
Ǻǣ˿˼ҪԺʹǵɡˮ˷ܵû˴죬ּϳ׷ţ½ǻûкúء
Ȼû⡣һһڴӦĿҲ
⡣ɳ
Ҳû⣬㱻һˣһʱ᲻ȬɣҿڶʱκˣҸһкܶ鷢֤ǲһ˲½һгЦ
ŮɵһΪһħһϢĽȻ෴类Է˽ҪܳʱܸԪǶԷϳơ
ǲҵĻûϵǰѽ糷ˣǼһˣǺܿˡһЦ
ɳһһۣƺڱһ˵ĻһҪǲӦòô鷳ԼˣˮʵȴĶ֣糷ȥҲ޷
ɳ˼ڹâһһתųģ׷û˽硣
һƳƳɳеӣӦǲƽĽ飬Ҳ֣ûһЩõóı˵ȥ
ûһű򿪣椶˽
ף椶һĹ˵һĻУΪ椶һ̫ճǵзᡣ
ɳˮϸϸǵʵĩǳǰǿ˿Ϣ֮ǳ
ףֶһλ㡣椶һ
ɳһĿת椶ϣղż椶ǳٶȾ֪СŮ򵥣û뵽ܸоԼϵ˵֣˵ˮ֮ǰͱ͸ˡ
һ£ûйķϻϵϢȻ𣬷ǳǿҵ
ɳ־ϲܸоͷŵ̺ħϢѾ˵ݣĴ۵Ůĩıý㡣
㡭ý𣿡ɳЩ
˵ͷΪѷտɱȣ˵ڸħһûʲôøУҲûйУ˵ָоǺޡ
о䵭ɳļƽϸһܹΪˣԼҲ⡣
ǽţȳȥһ˵ſ˿椶С±˳ȥ
ķ䣬һԡдˮдŮЦһӱ궯
ҹջǰʲôʵڶԲԼ˵ݰ
һƿԡҵţ뵵֮УڿԡͰ֮ˮ֣ŮƤдŷۺ죬ˮα鲼ϣ˵ջˣرǶΪ˵Ķ֣ʵһа١
СˡһѸԡң·ĩѱһԡͰС


530 𣬱


ŮһȴǰȻʧأѱһޱȵŮһӱ鶯糱
Ȱ·ˡ忴źＱһһ
ǰҡһͷסǰһŷٺҲ֪ô£Ѹ١
ԩңŮһ֮̾òŮ·Ҳò״ҶسԣŮȴѱһڵħצôﵽһ塣
ŮϣҪŵÿҪһһһ˵֪һǻΪɡ
СᣬҪ鶯Ϣޱȣסһ˫ȼòĴָ֣һϻȦȦ
ðɣǷһСᣬҵֻСĸôԸҡһٺЦԡͰϣѵνɫӵ뷿ȤҲúܡ
һߣԡͰ󣬲Եü
̧Ǳ̧ߡ˵һβһһ߽һ̧ˮϣˮĸŮԵó
⵹еʣһаϲ뿴ʲô
˿һ˫ȴ򿪣˸ɫˮСٴθʱŮͷѵһȼ䣬һ˫ȼŮļϡ
忴һСֵܣһ츩ͷڷİʾҲǿסѧ
һһʼڣǼͦ»ӾĴ̼еͶĩйŮĵغñ
һֻգСֵܶǵ÷ۡΪȴǱҧһһ۵˵˽СᣬȻߺߡ
ŷݡһ﷢ëҪôĥҰɡ
ȴּ֮һòޣڿҪʱֻ˼Ρһ˫ĿѪؾҪһˡ
Ůȴƺ֪ҪԷ٣ḧһѵͺһ籡ÿë׶ˬſһ֮ʼ١ֻƼƮƮɣ֪ϦǺϦ
һˣŮȴ޴ӷй죬㡣Ҳһڻζֻĸϻһһԡ֮ɲʱ˵С
ɷǵСѩ峿ȴѱɶëѩٴαѩǡһĿȥԾѩף·޼
һůӭŷѩڷõ궥ˣ֪ΪΣͻȻЩƺʲôõ鷢
࣬ȥ˼һˣǲʲô¡һûһͻȻ˵ݷڼסʮԸ񶨻ѶʲôģȴûУһЩġ
䣬ӰһߣһӰһֻǲһ˼ڰ
ǣүӦһδѩ֮С
һȻЩ궯üͷڹŹǰǻʮԼֱ޶˵񲻰·
ʱͻȻԶһ˳˼һ
𣿡һĿһŵһ㣬ƾʧݶǺЩ̫Ծ
ѰźطһּǽɽҰ֮УˣķѩҲû
һ´üͷڰ׿Ӧһ˿Ϣ
һƬѩ֮Уһ𼸺ѩëףСԲ۾Էһֻ׺ס
𡣡һѩﱧ˳ﷺһ˿ԤУѵľ˭˵гħϵʵȻûٶ֪³һЩϹܹ֮˵ľˣľ̵رħޣľ̵״ֱ̬Ӱ쵽״ֿ̬Ժܴ
һؽͻȻ³һ׵ӡ
һϸ˿֪ӴʲôΣһͻȻ뵽֮ǰʧ֮ҵǿŴӰˮֻ뾫ſԿ
Ҳûãһһ˿Ǿո̽䣬һ;ʶһһԺ֮С
ãһۣһƬ䣬ḻ̌ǰ˿Ǿʦ̲סҪˣֻҪסḷ̌Щڰʿħʦ֪ƽ֮ЩڰʿĿֲһᣬԶԸأһ֪ʦƳ˶ɱ鲻֪ʹɱ˻
һ֪ħĲ÷ҪҲѣֻķЩʱ䣬Ҳζ뾡ϻǣ䡣
¡¡ʱҵıը͸ѩһùмɱ
䣿һĿڻˣҲãһνʡķ
һУȻľӹģԶµô󣬾Ȼֻİˣһ㱻סˣǻһطĳͻȴһôҲ벻ģȻǹǵһ˼塣
˼ƣǧ˽ڵЩңݻر˼ĸִפرӪɱ˺üλ߼죬˼ڲִھӶ֪ץıߣ
ͻӼб鲼˼ĲҵµһǾҳһţкɱ
ͷʹǹʮܼЩĸ߲ǴżʮٵıڻݣܵЩּսţ˵󶼳˴սһЩһûˮ㡣
ʱջõ˹ѯһô죿
֪ͨפȫƽң飬˷ͷ£в߸ɱۡһҧгݵ
ӽУӿ˳ÿֵĺɱ۵˸˺ѪѹһŻսȺݵλȫ˴⬣Ѫζȫӡ
ֱֵѪȾ죬һЩ˲γѣӵбɪŶ¡̶һʱǧʬ壬Ѫȵѹ˶
ֻʣ˼ĸŴԺħϣӽΧסҲûǰ壬˼и߾ħʦʮʦʦҲ٣йڸǽ֮ϣһʱҲûа취


531 ӣ


ʱһҴҸ˼ĴԺ䱸ɭϣǵĴܿ˼ڲһȫ
˼һֱȨ֮⣬˴ζڲͶսǷһҿһĺȻλĶŭˡ
һһͻȻⷽͻȻƱѹȵ˴Ҵһڡ
Ȼбһ߲ħһ׶˸ǽϷһǡ
̵һ죬˼ԺϿͻȻֳһƬɫĹâһ߲ħȫһ¿ʼζͻȻ䱻߲ħеĵطƣ˲ҷ
һɻԭأ´
ɲʱĺɱ𣬾糱ˮӿ˷˼壬ΧĩĵֿոһƳʱǽϵĹȫˡ
˼ڲ˷ѣݷܻΣաһ˵
û£ߣû˿˵һ
һ²˼ЩΪʲôʱ£ѵΪƾԼǱİ˾ͿԳɹ˵еɻ
һһ£ոҲ⣬Ƿ˼Щѵŷ˼֮ǰȨֻʱѡĩҲ̫ʱˣǻΪʲôأһͻȻ뵽һֿܡһĹ⡣
ЩֻǱսӡһٺЦ
ӣЩ⡣
㲻̫İٱͻȻȨջ𣿷˼Ȼ鲼ǣǳפľӪȫƣȻȻڹңȻⲻ˱ѪѹҲֻǱһԻǵӶ֪һŻҵķ˼帮ۡ˵
˵ﻹᰲ滹Ǵ˾ֻ˧ΪѾȻͻɾޣʱǾͻǲƹһ±뵽ؼ
ֻҪһڹСЩ˾˼ɡһٺЦ˻ǿʵѿڲ½ߣߵŮ˸ǵ֮Ǿʦضʵʮּɵ
ǺǣǾͺáֻҪڣǾͲʧˡЦ
øƨһ֮ڱҰЩѵļһڳԶںɽûˡһûΣյгһߣͲڹǾľ̾Բ¼ܽħֻһҿľ̵βֹۡ͵ûǣҪȻˡ
ǣ
ʱ˼ĵֿԽԽǿŨħԪڿо𵴣ħʦóȥľ˲١פħʦ𶼲̫ߣһʱκβá
ȥæһ˵սȦһ߲ħħʦĽʦϡ
ʱӺԺĵصͻȻһӰ˸Żķ˶źĺ˿һʱҽ
ԭ˼е˶Ƶ˺Ժ˿еĵطͻȻǿĶɱﻹڣ˲͵˴ˣӵص״ȴ࣬ݷһȻɫ԰׵ķ˼
սͶͶʬ̱ǵѪζǵϿգһսǵİԶǡ

õ˼ڴϻ˯Ȼ˲ᡣһڿݷ˵µȥ
ԭݷһط˼ܵϮƾط˶ҪӳѣֻǵѺķ˼ûˣֻ־ܡһȥ̽෢ַ˼帮ۡԾץһ˱ʳݷǱǾͳˡ
ۣô¶ǣûʱɳˮ˽Сеǻÿʵˮ
һ˿ɳɫɫ񣬾֪ѽκˡ
ˮ񡣡ɳȵ
ɳˮħһ˶ֻ֪ǻĩʶǴҽһҲʶˡ
һױǼɵĳһⲻˣܷڵ⡣ʱݷЩ
һ˿ɫѸоڰԪռеİѾԽԽ˵ľѳŲ˶ˣ뾡췵ǽȳ˼Ҳܲܣڻò˶೤ʱ䡣
õģھﻯһʱɡһ˵űңһⱻš
һڴأɫ԰׵Щķ˼Ȼƿֳʵز̽ȥ
ͻȻ˼ӣץסһĴ֣յʲô
㻯ڵ𣬱ѹƵԽԪҲԽ࣬һὫëױƳ·ôɢһ治ɫؽ͵ʵ·ҲɣԽͷٻѪƳֻ˺ķѵʱһûʱ˷ˣȻЧķ
˼ɿһĴ֣˸𴦣Ȼʼ١
һ˼֣ɵؽϵѣĲ˵ڽŮ˵·һֺϷû·˼ˣֻһڵס˽
һһڿˮ̲סͦε˫࿴ۣ鷿ͦα˿ŮݷӣҾǺɫ䲻Ůķۺ죬ȴԳջݷףһЩļ̲ס޺޵رԼ˵ĹȻŲΪ֪
㿴ûС˼оһȵߣ̲סȵ׵ϾһĨ̺졣
һεظЦĽϴмӾĶǣЩʧ̬ˡ
ԥһ˼ȶĶ棬ַ˫ϷʼðƳڵ
һ˹˿˿ɫĺӷ˼ëйΧơ
һʱ֮һչ˼ڵȫƳ
Сӣξˣ´ٶôʰ㡣˼Լ¶Ľסһ޺޵
̬ǵѣ˵ֲûһٺһЦ´˳ȥ
˼ҧĿһ˿֮ɫʼһ̾һ˿


532 ľ


ôû°ɡݷһ㼱ææ
ҳĻи㲻顣һٺЦ
лл㣬һҽȥסݷῴһһۣңȴһһס
ȻٽȥлҪ˵һ
ԽԽĿ־ۼһϣɫأҪ˵ȻʲôС¡
һɳϣڵЩҽһ£Ȼ϶ǡ
ҪȥʲôȥҲȥҲ׷׵ͷ
Уȫڹǣ࣬ݳҵģÿʱȥһȦҪ֪һڹǣսڶ࣬Ϊ˲ɣͨͨ¡һ
׷ʲô鰡ݷʵ
һʱҲ˵ǰ˵ɣһʧһ˵
һ飬˶֪Ѿ׷׵ͷ

ǣʹ
Ǿʦսһض˶ˬغһʵ۵ĸоǲһÿвͬǧĵŮã˵ʲô˸Υ
ϣͰ챻ˡǽĵӸžʦʵؼ
Сɧǲǻ뱻Ҹɰʦӱ鷿ͻȻºݺһץЦдһ˿
ʹһᶼӿ˳
˵ǲǻ뱻ҸɣʦŰӵĲӡĿⷺ졣
ǡǣϸҰɡܵţͰ͵˵
ȻǼʦͷǣһĨ΢Цһ£
ӶʱѣƴҪѣǾʦĶأһɫԽԽס˫ȿʼҵţܿٶֻ۾ؿžʦıС
ʦҵƽñӲ˲֣·ƺʲô鶼ûƵ˳ȥ
£²ոյ鱨ƣսء鷿ڣʦĸŵܽ
ʦĿ⺮âһʱż嶯ˣֻҪż屻½ֿɵãǲ½ߵľе˶Ľһô鰡
ʦ֪żжôӴ󣬵ûϵаնԸǡЩߺڰʿΨһ֪ƽڰʿľѱһѹͷǿϧˣһֱɧǵŮŷǷ֮롣
ˣ̫ӹʦȻЩʲôͷ
ûһ̫ӥ߽鷿ʣ֪Һʲô£
ʦվ̾Ѿˣվͽʦس
ô죿Ӷƣһżض֡ӥ
˵Ĳӥ֪кΰ취ʦʵ
ǱΪǿʮкڰʿӥźͻصĸӪפ⣬춼˿һŭͷιȥкܴİչŸӥŵ
ӥ˵òǾͶ֣ȥúðһ£ܳһ©ʦͷ
ӥһ£ȴûзֺԼĺáʡرӰЦ
ʱ˿̣ŸУŭ鷿ŲƵϢҲѾ֪²սػڶʱż֡
鷿⴫
ŭɫһǰе
ʮ˺ŲμһںڵŶһμƮ֮ЩëȻ
𣿡ŭʵ
Ѿףʮڳǽɽϴ˻ش
ãܺãǷϵѾ𣿡ŭʵ
ѾռԸȫƣүʹ˱֮ڡ˴
Ǿͺãȥ׼ʱƻ¡ŭ˵
ú£ŭѹõ˷뼤ϣڵȵһ죬żռƣɰڴһ٣żٶԸ˵Ҫʵ֡
ŭ߳鷿ڵһ᷿ڴȻһظף૵ף֪żԸҪʵˣʱһʮֻϲһֱ㶼еĴӢۡҳ㣬ΪܣƴɼҪ֤Լϧǲмڹˣò佱ֻȥش硣ΪʲôǿΪһΣ飬Ǹţѧʲôҿ졣ˣ֮λҲֲż彫Ȩض壬϶һǲĶҲȡֳɾ͡ˡһиŶӣ飬±㲻ĶıôСӣһϲһϲġ
ŭڴϵظţ˭Ҳ벻ϵżһ棬ͬһڸǰҫĺӣǻ׵ͷӿĶԱȡ
ڷãŭʰ顣»ָһ˳ȥȴûзĸƤҶ˶漴û˶

·֮ڣǽħȻתݣϹмдصķ˸
ľίҵڵϡֽ΢΢Ľë˭Ϊһû˵ʬ塣
һľ̵ľʣ޼ȫһĺɫŨȻľһգͻѸٸʴֻʣһɭɭ׹ǡ
кУľһһΣεԼصСʱԶٵԶǿζڤ͸ѵ붼ǱǿͷϵģΪûлԼ롣
ҵܼ򵥣ƽԼŮ߱ÿһ䡣ξУһŵ΢Ц˵
ܵػҵ롣еŮӻشһ˿ˣһ˿Ϊû룬˵롣
ξŮӵľ̺ȻǸŮӳúһģһ
ģʱûôش𰡡ľ뵽ƺʱԼôġ
ḷ̌㲻ܰݡһͻȻξõľ˲ʵĳúһƬֻǴ̶ڿвͣػص
Ұе˶ֻŵס󺰡
㲻ֻеĹߣֻǴ̶ɭɭ˵
ǣǡؿ޺
ˣͻɱ̶˹ƻ

ڽħľ̺ȻʹضŤ۽ǻѪᣬѵҲ˿˿Ѫ
ʱ֮⣬ĨӰٱܹѲߵٿؽ˽һһȴħһɳˮ
һģˮѾͷҪ˵ǵûţҪɳģһ
Ǽη⣬Ľ˳һûţɳˮͬĽŵ㶯֡
ôˣ˭Ľһһ˿ϲ漴ڵʵ
ĺѣ˭ˮһֱΨ²ҵ˵
ˣ˵˭Ľ񲻸ʾ
ˣм¡һƿˮĽȻ˽ȥη
ŮȥʱȴһѲӰ
סأˮȵɳҲһɻĽ
ȥˡĽֲֵָָϵԴСضڡ
˵˽ȥˮŴʵСҲ겻ȥ
бҲԽȥĽЦ
ɳˮһۣԿԷеؾ໹ǲپȣѵıԼĴС𣿾ʵǿҲɡ
һɲʲôоѾ첻ˣľΣڵϦһұ𵴲ѣʹڽħΧǿҵظӦ
͸ħһԼľΣһزſţѾ;ƿݡһһؾʹ
һѹеĽ꣬Χϸ˿͸ָһԵһŹӦɫʯħ΢΢һ¡
һħʯȻħõʯӴһС͵Ľħ󣬵ȴǧħʯҪ볹ƻҪȡʮŴҪλõħʯȻĨȥһЩнӵħҪķ൱ľ
һСһһŵħʯȻ򵥣Ҫ͸ħ󴫴ﵽȴһ£һÿһħʯҪʮֵذӴҲסôġһűҪħʯʱͷ󺹡ɫ԰ס
ʱħĹâ࣬ϹҲϡһȻľ̵ģ۽ǽѪ絶һ㡣Ȼ˹ĶǣȴˡռһʮҪλá
̣ɧһҪסûҵһ૵һüļؾ̽ħĨȥ
Ҳֻһܹ⿪ħˣħʯҪ͸ǿ𿪣ĨȥħеħҪӴľСҲΪʲôʦûħԭΪܹƽħ󣬾ΪԴصĴۡ˿صػһ㹻ʱȥƽħ󣬿µһ⿪ʱľѹˣǻԵɡ
ڣڴʱ֮ħеϹ⼰ħһҲ֮˲ʧ
̣ѡһһסľ̵ػ
ľ̻˫һ۾һ£΢ŵм㣬áֻеһĩд˿˵仰΢Цٴ֮С
ľ̼ɲһһľܵ˺ʮأգ걾ʱܵûиԭʮ⡣
ľ̲ǹ޷ؽҪȥֻܴӻʹ߳ȥǴʱһǾĺܴ󣬶ľҲܲһˣȥʮֲȫֻʱƣԼҲûظ׵İ취


533 ڰ̻ʵľ


ѩ׷ǵأӪںɪ˸΢ĹâһƬڣ̹ǡ
о֮У͸ճڵҹգƽʱӲڴʱ࣬һͷڷٰɢ䣬з˼ʹģֻ֪ÿ˼һʱŻữȥɱɢŮеϢ
ˣµ۹Ӵڲ½ϳа»һɱɱҲԼʹΪһһĽɽ
ûʧ૵ţƺ˵һμһʱ龰ڼ侭̫̫ࡣ
Ƿѡ·ش˵ڼһ֮Ҳ硣
ΪһŮˣȡԺѪֶʹ˲֪˲Ů˽е˼֬ˮۣŴʱȴֻһɫǾѪɫŮӣʱԵֻв֫壬ʬҰԼ˶ηмӣη֮ЫںҪֻΪȡһһʤʹٶθɡ
⼸΢ĽŲ˳еı
鷳ͨýһ
޺ޣǽɡ𲻴
޺ޡƿ߽޺һѩ׵ļۣɢϢʥ࣬˼̻֮١ǰҪ࣬һħâ䣬Ȼ¡ֻȴͷѹĸõɱ¾ڸǣȴûʲôı䣬Ȼּ𣬻Ըźãɢźڷı㶣ھӪôãǻġ
˵ɣô𣿡Ůʵ
㣬ҲˡصǣԾǰ޺˵
ͷѵõ¶һ˿΢Цһ˧Ҳ޺Ůһ㼱͵Ҫؼҡ
ɣһϹһ˫ӪһͬԼоٶȷء˵
лл㡣޺һ˿˷ܡôŻؼֻЩ磬ڼ˶˵ͲҪ
ɲǼЩȻôӱܣżϢһЩϢǶ϶ر֪֪ǵľƾһеĴɽܿﵽıԵµ޴ӱܣ޺һϯ̸֮ȥһУּܵ尾ʼջһжע
ڵڶһ磬һ˫Ӫľ󲿶ӳǰ񱼶ȥգʧããѩ֮С

µ۹ڰ̻̳ڰ̻ŵͷĺϣؼλĸоڤ
µ۹𣬶ͻȻһص֯ڲʳǺڰ̻ڲ½ʲôõĶԲߣڰ̻һһ˿ƣµ۹ĸúڰ̻ȫ߾ػλӰɢͻȻܳһ֯ᡣ
һƬĬڰ̻ԽԽùˣԤϣ½Ϊһͳٹ֮ѹڰ̻ػôڰ̻Ҫȫˡ
̻ʱ£Һڰ̻ΣڵϦתȫ֧սֻҪżȨʧܣǴ½ͻѣҺڰ̻ỹѰ𡣡ڤվ˵
ڰ̻ʳ˰Σ˷ȻΪ̻һϣżռƣصƺҲվżһߣһҺڰ̻Ὣٲ
̻ʱ£ΪżʾãݴʥŮѽ̻׷ɱżĹϵл͵Ļᣬżļ̳ͬߺڰħҵʥŮ˵һ˵
ڰ̻ʿЦȡڰ̻ͲᵽĵزˣĽһŮˣӦòΪѺڰ̻ᡣϧȴһľ׷ɱģŮʹϹȴ䵽ء
˵ˣֻ֪ͨᣬǱ۹Դ̻ۼ̳֣ڰ̻ȫ֧սԿż塣ڰ̻ʳһһ˵
̻ڰ̻¶ģ˶Ӧֻÿ˵ﶼѣһãڰ̻Ὣҷ𣬺ڰϵħ޳ͷ֮ա

ѩ֮Уŵˮϵħ۵Ӱźڰ̻̳ڷӶٶȼ죬գ۱ǰ
̣Ǻڰ̻̳ôְֻˮվڰѩ֮У紵ĳѣŮɾ֮С
һԻý磬µġˮ˵ﲢİ
糯֣ܼžһƬһĶǰ˺üӣˮͻȻͣ˽Ųصôе㲻Ծ
ˮսŵ»ˣеķ΢΢̬
ţûˣǰﶼڰ̻ڵģȴһ˶ûУԲžò̫Ծˮ˵
ǰһΣȴû·ˣǰبһĴϿȣƣףļˮ첻
û·ˣǷɹȥ𣿡ˮʵ
ڰ̻ھ棬ȥˮ
̣Ͽôȥġˮվ
Իý֮ڣĶǻþġˮ͵Ҳٶ˵ôϿȥ
ˮ¿˿Ա۾Ҳȥֻǻûһӣо²ʵһĲˤ۾ǰһŲʱᣬƲаīɫţǶҲҵͷˮ߲Զ
ʱˮճȥŷϿɭȫˣȡ֮ǿտĴ㳡ںڰԼһͼʯ
󵨣ҴǺڰ̻̳ʱһ˹


534 ˮ


ˮѰȥͼøǽ֮վһλźɫħ۵ķʦһԲ̵۾ɭɭˡ
ǽ̻ʳҡˮ
д̻˵ͼôǺڰ̻̳ͱ߳ȥǺڰʦеĴ˼ɣϾڰ̻̳Ĵſɲ˭ҵģֻǱˮ߸ϵ̬һ㷢ݵ
ˮ粻мЦһп䣬ֻзһӣһˮϵħԪɵľžǺڰʦ
ڰʦһҽУħһ߸߷֮βһӸ߿ֱֱˤˮĽ£ˤͣ
һˮϵħʦҪԸôһ߼ڰʦһֻϻҪ򵥡
ʱǽֳ˼ӰǼͬˣȻڰħǵسˮϮֻĩ㱻һ㵭ɫĹâסƨöûС
Ǽ˼״ԣæ˻ȥˮձΪǰȱȥˣȴһƬ
Ƿɽȥҿڰ̻ʮֲԾǷʲô顣ˮڰ̻̳ﱻ۸˼ſھ˿Ҫƽܸո߽ԻýͻܵǵصĹˡ
ڿƮɹ˸ǽһŵͥԺȫĺɫ˾ѹֵ֣һӰţոǼҲ֪㵽ĸȥˡ
̣ﲻǺڰ̻̳ôյû˾סƵġˮɻʵ
ˮҡҡͷСĵ㡣Ҳ֪ڰ̻ʲôϷ
䣬ͻͥԺȻһŨĺ֣󣬹Ŀ˵Թ齩ʬ׹ڤ
ˮո֣ȴˮһסûкζͥԺӿغЩȴͻȻסһ㣬ŵ㵭ĹâƮûһͥԺͻָԭЩͻ㱻ЩĹɣͥԺĸڰϵķʦ̱ڵ϶ãֵضˮ硣
ˮһռһŤ漴ָԭղõǸ򲻾õˮϵ
ǿ˵˵׷ʲô£ڰ̻ˮɫˮϵħԪΧƣתһӨӨ⣬߹˲ұӡ
𾴵شħʦˮ硣ֻܻش̻ʱ²ֻ̻Ǽפءһڰʦε˵ǴħʦʶûС
ȥˣˮ絭ʵ
ǲ֪˻ش
ˮüͷһ塣ɫȦ̽ס˲ҽæġ
˵ڰ̻ʵ䣬ҷһ·ˮһƬûʱȥˣѪĻˣͷϳذ׷ιȥûбˮշ֡
ɫȦԽԽٹã˾ҪѪˡ
ǰɣֻ֪̻ʱе˶ǰ۹ˡһܲס̲ҽг
ˮһɫȦֹͣսʵȥ۹ʲô
Ĳֻ֪ǽ̻ײˣԲű̻ʱأȥʲôǸûȨ֪Ǻڰʦ˵
ˮ編һӣˮշɳ˺ڰ̻ᡣ
һԻý磬ˮŲһͣɫ԰ֽѪ˿۽ǻ£ˡ
̣ôˣҰˮմʧɫæסˮѩ¡
ˮ綢ŮȰһЦû£ֻǸոǿʩ˵𵴣õġ
̣ǲʲôңˮղɵЩˮʱЩ쳣ķӦܵظе˲ȴû˵
ɵѾͷ̻ʲôأ˼ˣڷѩǸϽȥ۹ɣԿĸֿԿżҵǸСӡˮЦɫָ
ˮվвˮƺ֪Ҳװظӡ
ˮа̾һããѩоԼģΣðڰ̻ʲɣϾԼĶӰ
ʱڰ̻ʼҶȴ·̶Ǳ˿۹ڡ


535 թʦ


۹ǡ
ѩͣЪ޺֣ӦַǷȴһһţҼұţֹͣӪҵ
ͻȻʰҪУǵİնĻ̻̣ʳ֮УİжȼߣƵıɱʿ䣬˸оҪЩʲô
Ǿʦٰս֮ϣ·һɫľн죬˵ĺ˶սսҴһڡ
£ʱǲ磬Ϊλ֣һԱӼ׵ĴܲƵճʵ
԰ꡣս̧۵ٴһƬš
ûһһӰͻȻսԱߣսһֹȻϢȥ
սɫ䣬ƻб䣬жȡ
еĽЩ֪룬еľӶѾλֻһ±ɷıż御ɱͻȻȡжôһ°
սվ˫һѹֹסڽɧڵ֪ǵʣಿôõļƻͻȻԭģսûбʤİգɽһ֧Ӵľӣжвö֪̽ӻرʮˣû뵽ż徹ѵôӴһ֧˽
£Ӧô죿żôһ֧Ӵľӣ᲻ǰ涯֣һѯʵ
ӦôжƣżԲս˵۾һ˿ݵĹâ
սص鷿Źǽϵľµͼ˼תǧءż˽֪ȴû뵽ôӴһ֧ӣ˫ƴԼⷽʤҲ˲أʱƵĹڸǵӻ;УżǷҲһЩפĵطսһ㣬ֻܳ䵱ڻҵĽɫˡ
ԮôżǵҲڲ
ţ̫ӥŶʣΪȡж
սӥһۡߵ˼ܳɴ£ȡжԭӦ֪ˡ
ʣżʮ˽ôǲкڰʿ𣿼ʮľӣżǵض֡ŭӶ˿һöԷʿ䣬ǡӥƽϢһ¼˵
㶮ʲôɱһǧ˰٣ʤҲԪˡսƵ
Ǹ˵Ӧô죿ӥһƨʵΪտԴ硣û뵽Ȼ֮ˡ
սбӥһۡǽϵľµͼСȡʤսľڡ㲻ļ⼸ͰĵſһϷɡ

µĵصҡһ˵һԵħǰǱħеһظħõģܹԴԴϵػظ֮˵ľȻٶȲ죬ûкá־ظħսȡʮ־˵ЧΪħʦŵĹֲģħĵؾǾ˵أ˲ܳս˾ظħذǵսʱӳһɱСһħʱ䣬һ൱ǧ˵ħʦſɵз˵ǵսʱӳһǾ൱ڶɱĵо
һһҹʱ䣬ظħĹâһƿḻ̌˫һӾȴΣգֻҪúõȫһḻ̌ڻУظ㷢һԶʧȥһŮӡ
ʱľ̳Ľë˶ӣᶢһ˳ûĵģΪʲôôҡ
Сɧӣѵ֪ӢͷֲŻͻԳΰ𣿡һٺЦ
ˣΪҿ𣿻һ𣿡ľ̳ĬһʵգҲգضһ۾
Ȼᣬĩ̫ˣҿɿ㣬ֲԵþĶǣһӣȻͲˣӺɷѪᡣһЦȴ֪ľˣޱʹ࣬Ϊһӵʹ
ûĵļһľĹĵر۾
һȻʧЦľСŮ˵ӵʮټ
ȫճճܣϴ谡ľͻȻ
ϴ裿򵥡һüЦֵâһˮϵħԪضʱʼۼгһˮһþסһڿеСӾء
Ϊ˱һһ磬ѵԼľϵеӾС
һϸľϴ壬ÿһ綼ŹȻޱȵһȴ˿ľ̴ʱ״̬ܵı
Թ̧֡һСëľ̵塣
ľ̿һϣͷһһɳˣʲôʱʼѾռ飬ʲôʱѾĹѪ֮УÿһμǲΪ¶ΪİԵΪа񣬻Ϊᡣ
ϴӣһӿռָнĴ󴲰ľ̳ӵ档
ʱ棬ҲڻʹķʮܣûսǲҪݾߵĺáһǸ쵰һţ϶׼εĳҷǱɡľһἰǾʦĿޱȡ
̣ǲа취ԸЩڰʿһʵ
ڰʿҽƵģҵȻ֪ôԸʱ֪ˡľ̴һˣڼȡϵ
һḷ̌ڻûȫã۾˯һɡ
ľèһͻȻС˳һŻ£ץסһӲСֵܣ۾ҡ
һЦľ̵ΣСޣҲʲôӡ
ľſҧҧһؼ԰׵ϷһĨ̺죬СһСֵ¶˶Žͺãоҵڡ
һһСֵܱľ̵С׽ŽůԴڣûһȵ˯֮УֱһЦãȴ޿κΡ
ʱҵϷɳˮĽڵţĽ񽫴ɳʲôȫηԭ࿴۵˫ȴĵûȣĽʮֺ棬ɳˮȴö棬һļҲ֮С
ͻȻһ紵ͷϵŮͻȻһۣ۾ǸԴСĶڡ


536 ǿ


ķ簡ôġĽ˲ӣǶڵ
аϢƺɳüͷ
䣬ԴСĶһƬܳη𽥳ΣѪȵԹɲʱӭ˼Ż
ʲôԹ飿ôô֣ˮű˺ѪȵϢֱеBOSSڰ黹ҪŨϼ֡
ѪȵԹо˵Ϣ֨ѽһ̶ļУ㳯żŮ
ɳСһӣһŨīĺڰӭȥ˲佫ѪԹķѣֻȵԹȻܵ˺ȴûһֽɢ飬ٴιֽų˹
ɳü壬ηӶ˫ڿлһԲѪԹȦ䣬ڰһˣѪԹڼڱʳ˸ɾ
ɳ㣬ðˮɳɽֵԹ˲޵
һҲáɳεԹٶȿƺܿ죬ʵȴķٵֵԹǿ󣬱ڰй֮޲
Թô᲻°Ľŵ
ʲô£˵ⶫŪɳûǼһʵǿЩƽ⣬һŶʮƺ˼ǧԼҪ֣Ȼʮֲˬˡ
ǵҲǣֻȥôûûɳ㣬ûа취ȥĽ۰Ͱ͵ɳȻ֪һ밮еŮɵ
ҸճʱԣڿɲУǽⶴ󡣵Ĳ̫ӲûŪáɳĪҡҡͷ
ǿֳһˮָŶڴܳĺе
һһѡɳЦſһŴӶڴܳĺǲӦ˳ηһԴԴǿԹǿɳԲ
ĩ룬ЩŷϢѪԹ㷢Ŵ̶ؼһѷ˹ӴѪԹŮش˸
ɳˮͬʱһ˽ӿԹ˼ߣȻ󵭵İ׹һɳͷеĽ飬һƬѪԹ⡣
ЩԹϰٸЩѪԹڰ黹Ҫ׺֣ЩֲأŮͬʱɳϳ˼
ǿаϢһȻоˡµǴŸʬǵѾԹΣȴûйƵһ²ôǿԹ飬Ȼ˯ľڽڵĴϡ
ֱ类ǿعʼζһž鲢ô򵥡
һƿ˯ḷ̌·˴翴ݵѪԹ鼰ǿаʬʱԼҲ˴֮С֪ǼʬԹľ֮أֻû뵽һôʵǿѪԹ鼰аʬΣѵ˵ǾʦﶯֽţΪʲôûз֡
ȴеһ˿ġһЩϲôǿշҲʧΪһ
ӿѪԹаʬһڰԪռеٻ˳һĹغɫѪɫڶۿâ˸Щӿɲʱһɲµعֽȥ
ЩȻǿ󣬵ȴɢż䴿ӴĺڰϢֻϲžеϢ
˶ȫĹؽڣۿкâȻ䣬һֵĺĸǻ﷢ЩѪԹ鼰аʬһ󶶶ûһ춯
ʱãһаϲϺڰ֮ת˻ɬȻâָЩӡǡ

ɳ㣬֧Ų˶ˡŽˮư㲨ˮĵ˵
ûϵһСɳһֳ̯һɫĽ顣
ɳ㣬ҿǻ˳ȥɣηﲻöħҿһæﲻϵġĽ˵ɳˮǿûа
ɳһҲЩԥЩѪԹ鲢öԸ⿿ıԴڰ޷ϰٵѪԹ鰡
ʱЩ͹ѪԹͻȻһ󾪿ֵļз׷ɢǸԴСĶȫ˳һ֪ʱ֣վһ߼á


537 µһ


ηܰûһ
ƵĶŶһ£ңҪ˸͸
һϾһƿɳϣһڵһڣȻüĿһ棬һζģ
ĿһڵצӣʵšûĦСܣµһǰѴŨɷѪɫбâĹǴϣճֻצظһżҲ֪ǲǴڶۿ˸ĺâ˸оһ˿ͺĽ
ιһˮЩͲסˣŤŤӺ
л˵ŤŤģĸĳƺšһ΢΢̧ۣ豭ǰİϡ
ˮɳͬʱۣҪ֣ȴʵ̫棬ոշһĻصء
ڽҪЩѪԹƵʱһͻȻóֻ֣֮һֻѪԹͨͨ־طѴ֮һˡһõļ˵һ䡰ɵòþлеһ䣺硭
˵ãŮʱɵˣʷû˵ûῪ˵ģʲôǻۣǶôŵ鰡鶼ǻۣͲ׶ˡ
رǵһİһܵĦʱŮֻ˳Ĭ֮С
ˮͲסˣλȥһԱߣСֱֳȥ
һŤͷâ˸Ŀնۿˮŵˮ㽫˻ȥ
ô磬ðǿ𣿡ˮ˵
ҲǴ磬Ǵ硣ûеش򵥵ʶֻһһ硣
ˮ𻰡һ˷ܣȻЩɵĸо֤ж˼
ʲô֣ˮ˳ʵ
ش
֪֪ôģˮںʵ
ۿâ˸üƺ˼⡣Ȼ£βŻش硭
ˮЩйתͷüһϣܸ𰸡
ҲڰʡɹϵİأһΪʲôܹʶɲһܹ͵˵ģҲ֪Ϊʲôֻʼʾ֪
һ˵ղЩֵԹôأɳ֪ȥҲʲʲôǽתƵЩǿԹϡ
֪ǰ沼һһӵʬЩΪȫѪԹ죬γɡҲﶯʲôֽţҾͲö֪ˡһü˵Ҳһֱڿ⣬֮ǰϸ鿴һǸңĩʲôرĵطֻǸλõطҪŨһЩѡ
ˣ㻹û㼱ҴܵʲôءĽ
һˡһЦЦ
һŮˣȻŲôءĽַ⡣
һٺЦĬˣľ̵ڲ˵ǵҳȥ̽һǴػǺһȥ
Ȼһȥˣ˭ԸܴطˮǸֵأȻ־ȥˡ
һŮηڽƵתƵ˳ȴͻȻͣ˽Ų˼سɨۡ
һ㻹ʲôȥҪءˮߴٵ
ˣ⼸е棬ͷֻţǸǺһ㣬˿ɲáһûز˲ˮͷס¶Сǡ
㡭ǲţǣҡҡιȵҡˮܻĩ˵꣬ȴһѾ˳ȥ

ѩЪѩװۻ׳ǣʹ֮˱ѩ磬֪᲻ִ˵еѩʹأ
ʱûƽʱַϳżװѲߵһӰΪǽеĻʰĩȡʹжһصա
ûˣһ㶼档ˮڷбԹ
Ҫ𣿿ʹûУˣȥǴһܾͺˡһٺЦָԶڷѩ֮еĻʹ
ˮĿһȻЩ⶯
˺˵ֱضƤϣƨɿȥɳһһסˮ
Ү⻵һĵˮȴǰһһۣ˸
һƲƲ죬Ѱ˼ôڰĸˮһţսֿĪĺôֻɳЩĻúŪ
ǲȥĵطҾʹȥһЦŮͣ˷½ֱ֣к˴¥
ɳˮ֪ʲôĽúܣ첽ǰһһšߺߵʲô⡣
һһҧźۼĽظһ˿ʼЦȻ֪Ҵ⣬㻹
Ϊ⣬ҲŸҪ㡣Ľֱ׳
⵽ʲôطɳŵ̸ЩԾ
ߣȻѰֵĵطһٺЦ̤˽ȥ
˵ʰҪУеСݼеǮڼеסȺر͵͵صҪ֪ƽţʱܱսʱвö֪ץѰֲ
½ֵ˳żӪҲϻӪˣЩ˶ǼﲻµĴ٣˵£ȴǲλ򿴲ơ˴żϻڶ۹Щݵ˶ǣ˽ȥЩµүǶ֪żʤϻʤ۹ⲻһϴЩڵ۶Сһڶʧ磬ȻˣȻ뾡Īʹ׿նˣҲͬӪڷ½ֵĸ¥Ҳల¡
һţĵƹ⣬§§Ůһĸоӭ
治֪߳ܡЩذ¶ŮӣκˣŮ̺졣
үʲôˡһ˱ǣŤСӭǳЦȻһйҲһ˿޷εĽ


538 ̸˽


ȻǴϵˡһʱһһ§ס˴С
۲תϲذһһۣүûôòһռ˼ҵıˡ
ŮԿŶ˴ΣĲζڴҲʱӦŮȵһʶһ㡣ϣѵĴȻѷտɱȡ
Цһ˽˶¥һյ᷿ŸһϣЦݿ˿ĽŮֿ˿һһͷһ࣬¼
öˣʲôһӻ֣һƨɳʵ
սʼᣬ鱨֪ԭ֣֪ȴı˼ƻһƬƽ˾²²ıһ˵֪鱨˲ٵĹ򣬶鱨һҲ츳
һüͷһ壬°͵ĺ˳˼֪սڶᶯ֣ȴΪ·ḷ̌û뵽֣ҲҿˣҪȻҹص֮У֪ᷢЩʲôء
ǾʦǷ֮Ȼ˶֣зǳİգͻȻʮа˾ŻıʲôıͲö֪ˣǵûظ븸һ¡ȻżռмƣƲǾԣΪûʦơֻҪûƿô¹˭в֪
Ľ˶ԻɳˮȫˣǶԲ½һֻ֪ǿһƺ˼Ϊش顣
»֪ͨʹе̽Ӷսġһüͷ˵
أ֪ͨʹе̽Ӳսһһøʲôʲôһ̧˵±ɷ
һ仯֪Ӧ֮ߣûʲôܹѵһ
ˣ꣬һ׹ˣ˽¡һٺЦ
һ졣Ҳ֪ǲǴÿһЦʱܾر𻵣
ιǴȴֲǡˡˮ岻죬ﲻƽˣټһֿʼ۴е
ģҪȻҲ̸˽¡Ȼָ˽¾˽ܵ顣һĿƵˮȼһŻ档̵ֱ˵
ˮĶЩȻȴǿӭһĿ⣬˭˭ħһ첻µز£ħŷɥСħôҲֵܱ
һٺһЦͻȻħצ°ͣȻȥ
Ȼһ𣬽Ȼýֱ漴̱һˮʱĴԸûа취˼κζֻĸо˫һ೤ֱ룬òǸоƼƮƮȻƶˣֱĵϡ
ðΣһƿ촽ζشһؿڣֻ죬ˮ촽ǵĻһ㽿޺ɷˡ
һԵɳˮˣ˴ĩ鰮ζ˵ˣһ޼ɵǰȣ֮ȴʮֺ棬ô飬вĵ룬ѵ
ĽԴᣬֱֶۣһģ˱ˡ
ˮڸ̸̸˽ˡһˮٺٻЦ
ߣ׵һɫǣҲ̸𣿺ߡˮͻЩȣֽһȴˣⴰȴ˴¥Ĵӵ˽Щ˾µŮھƾش̼¸ӷΣԱȿһǵԵСˡ
ô̸콻ͽ̸㿴Ǳ̸øӾءһָЩŮ
ʱɳǸʲôصط߾ǸѰֵصطһûģֵطˮȥȴһֵش񣬺¶ĸƺЩˡ
ôпᣬǿʳԶطЩڽȾҲڿԼˣ˭֪ܼ̫ܲ
Ȼһֵ͸˽һüͷһŤͷɳˮҲ¶飬Ľ޷Ӧ


539 


ĴƵʸвͬ˶ֻܽһƵʶµһЩƵʹ߻͵ܽգһЩȴΪٵĹ첻ͬȴܽղ
Ȼ¶ǾԵģղǴ͸Լǿȴʮ΢һȴˣľﵽһ̶ʹ̶вͬε
Ҫȥȴһ˵˵űƿһߵĴһ̵ʧããѩ֮С
ɳˮһۣĬգգۣ㲻ԼͬشӴӶѰһʧķȥ
ֹͣƮѩֻҺ紵ݣתһɵı
һȶűһԽ׵ĳڸ߿еı֮Уһͷ̵̷̱ʯԵʡ
Сʦ㻹ǴǼԸеıƷÿһƾճŷϵɫĳЦԵһμʱӡʮ̣ôҰķΣԸеûˡ
үŷžĩıһһ˿ϲڻϰѼֲǲˡ
ʲô𣿡һûٷϻ֪ŷҪ¡
ŷɫһһһѵʲô֮ش
ү˴ܿԭµ۹۹ֱӺɲɳӢѾƽ۹߾ŷ˵
ʲôһд󾪡ĴһֱûжôȫǮѹˣ鱨Щȫ
һֱ˼Ķǵ˷ˣΪÿ÷ʱӪﶼð൱Ĵּ̣Ϸѩ죬˿ʼҲû⡣ʮǰҵӢڵغħɭֲɼһֲӣȴʮӪĺۼһֱ׷ٶȥԼʮƺƵſ۹оٹͿԽ۹ڡŷЩε˵ȥļԱûмʱ١ҪȻҲһ˱ˡ
һ䣬ŷļ򣬵ھΣⲻ㡣峤ʦԤı
ʮͷɳؾӣʮԽ۹췭ظˡЩطӸ֮⣬鷳ˣǾʦ֮԰ڵȴ֧Ԯ
Ӱµ۹ʦոӪû졣϶Ԯˡѵôڿɱӡ
һƮڸ߿ü˼ŷרע˼еһƽʱƤЦӸˣرŮˡ
һȴǲ֪ŷС˼ڿ˼ԲߣǾʦʵǽƻһʵֲڰżǰǵҪҪɱԮؾҲֻнɽפʮЩǼ˽ŭ˵ʮĵսһѵӪ⻹ûӵľӢʤǡ
ֻǰżеƣȥĴػʦ֮Ͳһˣʦʮ򾫱ԼЩ֪غڰʿżҪٲ
Ǿż岻ɱʮ˴һֱɱʦͷлƺǸⲻᡣ
ʱһ԰һ˼ŷͻȻ̧ͷĿʵʰһ󣬵ɱȻȻ¶
ĨӰȰһߣ͵͵ɳˮŷĵӶֻǺǾشŷ
ףǴ˵зʹͽ壬ĳƯˮŷеСҪһѩĳ
ŷȴܿСһӣϮˮ㽫
Ƿϵħϧ̫ˡˮЦһˣϵȫɢ
ŷһ裬пʼɫħԪؿʼۡ
뵽취ˡһͻȻһŮһŷħҲˡ
ʲô취ŷҲ֪صŮһʶģҲˣŵһ뵽˰취ʵ
һٺЦ۵ɳˮֱŮĵ׷ëȻʶһʱ䲻ȴ֪һɫֻļһ
ʲôɳʵԽ䱸
ôţֲǻˣֻǡǸǰСæѡһʼһõЦ
ɳҲĩؾ
̬ϵô˭Ĺˣһ̾
ɳЩɣĵزһôһ˵ԼǷһ飬Ϊڿܻڴ֮ʴ
˵Ҳҡһɳ̬ɶȴ˵
ʲôôɳûˮ²ʵ
ɳˮһۣ˵˵Ҫǰʲôæٿ
ղҲ̸۵ɣҪǻΪ赲ʮҪ̫ãռɡһĵ˵
ɳüһ壬ЩŭǹΪǣ֪ǻΪƤ϶̸
һȴǲΪЦЦ㼱ʲô˵˵ǵĺôɣǿϰæҾܱ֤Ƥϲ׷˽ӳΣһڲ½ô
Үɳ㣬ǴӦɡˮԼĶôõȥһ˵ģԺͲöˡ
Ǿ˵ģΪҺˮֹʮ˴𣿡ɳڵȻˮʵһ̥޵ˣ϶໹ҧأͺƺƵͷʮʲôΪƾܹ
ױõ𣿾ͲᶯӣôԴÿ𣿡һЦ
ɳһҵĺһͣ侲ǿȥԣҲܸ㱣֤һɹ
еġһԼ˵۹ȴ


540 һĶԲ


к˴¥صһڡ
һֽǽϹŵĳµͼ򾲾վ
ɳˣһǰǣһɽ뱱ϡһ˵תһ죬ѾܷõͲС
ȥǵͲŻɫħӡǣͲǺɫɫɫʮ𼱣趯һа취ʹ֮ٶȵĴݡ

һɳˮһŷǷ߾ĽŸ
үĻˣԸ̵鷿ȥŸĹܼҼһҴҵ
һ˽ĽȥԺӣŸ鷿ȴ鷿رɭϣǿ硣
һ㻤ָϵ˵鷿̴ˣһŭ㳷ȥˡ
ף⹫Ҳڰһţһöڸ߱ϵϹ붫ĴۣԸսƲߡ
ãսԭҹֵļƻͻȻǳΪʲôıأҲûжһֵ֮Ҳû˼ֱ˵ʵʵĩйɡ
ȻıΪЭ飬ʮ˴Ѿѹҿ۹߾ʱӱ羳ҹ췭ظսлôˣһһڿˮҲǸˡһֱɳϣһɵӱƵǱ˶ҡ
ʲô⡭ôܣʮ˴ϮǧɲСǵ̽ô֪飿ŭ˶һ𾪣ʵ
ûɣϢ֤ʵһɳӢѾսһߣΣ˴жվͻṥҿ۹߾һʼ˵һġ
ʮ˴սǺƣǱͲ㣬ǳֵĻ⣬˴ὫѪϴҿ۹Ȼⲻ˱ٳ£ֳ̾ɾ˵һ۱㿴ɱС
ĪСڵ˶ԲߡŭԶ
ʲôͱҸŵθˡϹһҲЦŮʮ㡣
취УҪðաʮ˴а취赲졣ʱΪǿֻҪ⼸ڽսЩ˱㲻ΪˡһЦ
ǻʹǽԺǿĻ磬ⷽ࣬Թ£սŲ֪ĺڰʿһȫû³Ϲҡͷ˵ո˵㷢һŵ΢ЦȻСӶʲôУ˵
˵֪һֱͨʹصΪǴսûаգһЦ·ԼүүڿǸСǻ϶콫󲻾һͨ
ģŭһôһصǲͬնˡ
һһ취ܹһһûʹҡһٺЦЦôôա
ˣСӣٵθڿҲ㡣ŭоϲƫƫһ˵˵һ룬ȵҪ֪ʲô취ܹһһһʹ
µ˾Ҫסһ˵ɡһһļһ£һλүӳ˵Ŀʮָɴؾ˰죬۾ٺЦ˵صڽҲ֪ŵЩʲôˣǽǴηͷţһصֱͨʹٺ١
λ˽һ漴¶ϲ飬ôû뵽취أӴĵ¼׼ķˣܹضǱ첻һˣв֣Ƿǲ·ͨʹЩѱһӻûطй˶᲻һеسʹĻһڽղգ
յسСӣ򵥱㸸׻ҪսթЦ
⹫һƤŭЦ÷˭жء
鷿ѹֵϢʱһɨգϱ׷иһؼƲ߿νļƲɹػǵʤʹࡣ
һϷҲãûҵ취Ըսغڰʿأ֪˻ַˣֻǾôԸڰʿľ̲û˵ҲҴƱ
ûмܰѾͷѾܳʱ䶼ûдˣҲ֪ôˣͻȻʵ
һȻһɫЩ԰ףѵҪ߶ܰѾ𣿲˵ֵ˽ҪͷΪļɲܵʲôӰ졣
ôˣѵܰˣһɫԽһĸо
һȭͷһգ̧ͷʱѴһĨЦû£ֻҳˣϴڲ³ҪҸߵŮֻȢһұ÷˾ʹһͨƨɣعܻչؿˣ˵ʵ˱һһߵŮ˴ܣ˵ôһ°
һı̫棬дʯˣΪ֪ܰó顣
㲻ǶԸŮһôܰˣЦ
±ˮ㶹һｵһˣɱҼܿϹЦ
˵ˣ̸ȳȥˡһӱ˳ȥһܵ԰ϵıᣬĿʼһĳʹǸıýΪԶʹź
ͻȻ䣬һ͵ϢΧסһ˵Ĵһᣬοһ
һһ˿죬ָоôôϤƺǴڹǴõǼʯҲоֻʱΪǴ
һ̧ͷܣֳ˱ѩҲûԶЩ򰵵Ļղָоǣܱû塭
һ̱ƣǸѪɫã浹СϻС룬޻ǵĻܸо滹ЩշԹ齩ʬ
ѵһʶһһ͸˶ǰ


541 


⼸͸˶γɵ֮壬Ҳ֪Ϊʲôʱ佫ںڰԪռڣԭɫģȴࡣ
񣬸ղڰο𣿡һָ͸
״̬Ȼʧȥ˼䣬һȴһֱܵиУһƺΪϲԼһܵģ
һþһЩ򵥵ĽȻͻغڰԪռ䣬֪ղоůϢֻǲֻ˭أһ˼⡣
ʱһظо̧߽ͷƮѩѾͷϲسԼ
ˣѾͷɱһǰЩ
һЦǵԴӦһ²ʶħ󣬷ֲûʲô쳣ʼһĲ²⣬ʦߵϾҪˣϣʶеħܵסֲѪĹ
Ժɣ㶼ˡһЩһֱϹܿסһ𡣸վ
ǾͻȥɡһϹܿգҲû˼ոͻȻֵϢˡ
صԼԺһϹܿĽԺͤԶѩĵȺ
ϹһæվӭһƬŨŨ⼰˼ԭһָ꣬ÿؿչ뱧˼ߣʵΪ˵Ҳ֮òطûһȴȥ˹ǣдôСϰ彡ҲסزˣҲͨ˵˼
ոĽصһϢԲڴϹܿ̾;Ҳǲģǰˡ
ܿˣǲûúóԶһϹü
ϹܿԹؿһһۡ㶼ߣ˼ĳԵ
һε飬˵Ϲ֮ܿһʱ仹ûж١
ĽٯٯĿ⽻Щᡣǿ˼ҵӡʲôǡȻҲֻΪһŮ˱ܵطӦˡҪһߵÿŮ˳Դףڴ̳ˡ
ʶȤûдŨˣƮѩѾͷһͬ˷䡣
ڡϹ㽿޹ǵһĻȡϤĵϢɲǼů
ҪӰɡϹ§סһ߽˵
һϹܿ㷢ҪһŮ˵ݡһܺЩŮҲֻϹܿһҪ
ٹЩɡȵ۹һϾҪһòãҪһѣʮ˸û⡣һЦ
ţкΪż忪֧ɢҶϹܿӦǷһ˿˵΢ЦƺڻԼΧһȺС龰
кʲôáƤǶŮȽϺã˵ŮС޵n𣿡һٺЦ
ôôˡءϹ㲻ݵһŤŤüٻȡ˼ѾΪŨŨ
ˡǲǶˣǳԷȥһһۻ谵ش⡣˵
ϹܿĲ֪һǹ޺һŤһʹǿ§סһزȥǽһѹڴϡ
ƵּƵ˸תһԼŮ˸ˡ
˿˺鲼׷ɣһһϵ°׳ѱ˲װɴ˿ɼϹܿڴܼʵŮġ
Ϲܿҧź촽ɣ½Լϵȥ¶һ߾Ķǵ壬ȻһһһʱϹܿѿʼǰһ׷ɲϮֱˬһɾ֮⡣
Ϊѹ̫ãϹܿԵرУñɾ̱һ
򡭡ҲˣϹܿСɫļ͸һۺĹ󣬱϶ͷһϸܵ㺹
ǿôѵ㡣һٺЦţϹеȻǵʲã̷ѹ˶ϣʼһֵı
ߵڷ𣬴ⰻȻͷѩɡ

ڣ˿̣ࡢ塢ݷﻹڷõĺ׷һͲЩࡣ
Ѿָյķ֣ϴεѪ¼Ҳû𣬶˼徭һδϴ»
Ǹոյţǿɡ˵ŴͲİɫֽݸ˿̡
һⳡϷȥˣ뿪ǣֻҪһ뿪Щڹǰ˱ضȲҪжȡǵĿȨΪʦŵ˿϶ҲõϢ뾡һа취ʦ
Ȼһ˼Ҫ룬ֻ߳԰һ򾡡ƾŮЭЩСҲˡ
ӵһźûãصıҲӵһʮ𼱵šʱҹֽǸվıʼͣΪһ̾صھ
һˣеֽɲǻΪ˻ҷɣ͵±ñ䣬óȵˡ
ֵصױ̳˽
ȥнʿװĿɽ
ǣױ΢ʣȻΪʲôڷʦ;ͻȻת򣬵˵ְִ
ܿ죬ͷװϵĹ˯еĽʿһһԾٶȷʼϡЩڱѩ֮ش˼̵ʿٲȻǲ½ǿľѪȥɱԡѪϱرӪѾ˴½оӵĴ棬𵥱սСս½û֧ӿԳǣǵòЩ͵ϮҹսŵУǶøǳ뻯ǵƽɱӪļʮһֲı
ȫ󼯺֮󣬱һս֮ϣڽʿ򵥵˵ɽԭ򡣵ȫ彫ʿ˵ƿ۹߾ʱȫŭڵغҪϳ
аһΧκԵ뷨ɲˣʮ˿۹߾ôʾɽ岢ĩ¶徫˾볹׵Ŀ壬úλΨֲܱ½ĳȶ


542 ټ׵ٶ


£ϢϢսһĸ˷ܴųԳ˼սѹ
ʲôϢǿ㲻ɡսõ
Ǻڰ̻ʴµţ¹Ŀĸͳһħż㹧ص˹ȥ
սһĿʮеɨһ飬ɵȻ˾㵣ɾ㵱˾ϲЦĸļãμһ˺ڰ̻Ķż岻
Ҳѹս˷ܣڰ̻˵һֱڰϾ̻Όôһڰ֯ʵҪ˵ǵʤضҪࡣ
ˣżʲô춯ûУսʵ
ر£ż岢춯ĸ
սһüǲЩùͷˣ˵ʱѾ˿۹߾ƾż鱨ӦѾ֪ˣôһ㶯ûأսĪؾЩֲܿ˦ԺżʲôӦˡ
ʱһȴڵص§žõľڴ˵黰Ȼٲ˶ֱǵľС鶯糱ƣƫƫһ廹ûԭ֮ãֱ޵
׼ˣĻСӡľƿһ죬ܵ˵ƺر׶顣
һϡЦǾͲˣôУҪ֪úܣ»ġ
ľҧһһۡԼòġԼ
ɧӣˡ·ñ˿ǿˡһЦƿ¶Ǿ塣S߾ĶǣһȻ
ҡľ۲ƣ˫֡˵ĻСŮȴһ̿ˮ
һҲúܣƽŮ£ΪŮ˴·ҲǵʲáԼس㽿һ·ڡǿҲһܡ
ǲ׼ˣľʵ
šȥ鷳һͷ
㽫ϷǸľɻʵ
ܡʱ֪ˡһٺЦ
ʲôǲңߡľ̰һһ۵ЩȻ
һʼ磬Щ谴չ죬ľȷȫšϾ̫ء
֮Щͣ˭Ҳûٿ˵
Բҡ֪㲻ңҲûʸΣģʦеĺڰʿһءľڴϣį
̡һЩ£ľռһʮҪλãʮ֮仹بһ㿴ĸҡ
Ҫ˵ˣЩϣһӶҪ˵ˣҵһ𣿡ľתͷ˵
һһ̾Ȼʧ֮УûзľȻתͷᣬ̺ĸС
ոճõصңЩƵһһɻͳ׵ٶش顣
һˣһͷȻڽ֮Уֻýһ³ǱһϢ׵ٶǱشӴйڴħʧ˲䣬һӰ֣һ֮ԵħһƤҲˡ
ô£һһ׵ٶ󣬳ʵ׵ٶô˵ҲѣԼѱ۸
ϼһҪɱǣȾҽ㣬ҪʲôС³ǱŻԲѵ׵ٶˮȴȴֱµ޵ĿźΧƵƤϡ
һһƾ̽׵ٶڣȻȴûΣգǹȻǿǳ
Ƥϣô˵ҲǳҲһ˵С֡һһΨһһøҲʧ
Ƥһ֮һòҪ֣򡭡ߡ
вңһЦʮֲã۾ȴΣյذ˵ɷؿɲǼ䱻һ㣬Ӵѹ糱ˮѹƤ
ƤкȻֻ̣ĵ׾һֲֵܳĲ֮У˵ǲ˼ء
ΪϾͿΪΪһħһسһҪɱ㣬׾١һĮһ˿飬ת߲ʹâ翴һֻһ㿴Ƥ
ƤĿ˸һֳǿƳ֮⣬ƺԼȷҪǿϼ֣˵׾ٿɱԼǲš
ǰɣͻˡһ·֪Ƥ뷨һС룬޺Ȼǰ񲻿ɵưΧסƤ
˶ޣƤһߣ̾һ˵ֿȷһ׾ٵɱԼ
ôƤʵ
ɱҪʲôԡ³ǳ޵شе
죬ﻹֲ˵һԸ³ǵ
³ͷһԹԱֻͣ˫ȴȻӵضƤ
Ƥϣ˵ûʸǰɣҵĹϵ椶ҵŮȴ壬˵ɳˮĹϵҲһٺЦ
һ壬Ƥһʳ椶֮ʷֹֻΣǶһͳߣԻ͵̨ҲһĵĹ涨һ֮壬ôض䡣
һ弰ħһ屾ͬΪһҪһأھƤ׵ٶκðɣ֮ٺú̸һ̸һϵƣһ޺Цݡ
ƤЩһֱˮݵĵ壬ʵԾϡ
νԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬһħһ屾ѣӶλһǧɣѵһֱȥ椶ĳӦûһһЦ
Ƥڰ֣㲻˵ˣһġ˵㴩һ׵ٶܡ
˭ҪȣҲ˭֪᲻ԾΪҽ¶֡³
Ҹ𣬶Ҳʱ˵̫أٲλΣգϣ𣿡һ˸³һۣץĲСһ㽫˦


543 ˮΣ


ƤѾ׵ٶˣһвʵĸ³߳η
ǵô£ΪʲôԵ޹ܵ½һʵ
ΪǷħһ岻ЭԼ˲½ͼı̽³ЩһںϱһñףַһʵħһĳϻҪߣĻҷʱѾʼɵʱ׵ٶ˵һݺݽѵһٵˡ
һͷɳˮѾͷ͵ܳһ㽫׵ٶɳʲôħһһˮݣ֮Ȼʹ׵ٶɳܾˣɳκˣ׵ٶȴƤϷˣ˵ò׵ٶĻĶأ
СӣЩ㡣һͻȻٺһЦ§Ÿ³ǵļһĽ
㡭ʲôҶ˿ûȤ³ǿаͷһ˫ֱؾֵ
һ˫һһ˹ȥݺݵٺ˵˵ҾͰǻˡ
³Ǵ˸æֻס塣Цô˵Ҳ۷ɵһڶûɴˡ
ʵظңһصӡŵûУһѹʵ
³ǼСֵܵñʼһԳһһۣ߿鳤ӡˣʵӡѵ֣ҿʼˡ
ֻʣһӡˣ֮һ취һлǺġЦеĸ³ǵļ
һŸ³ǻŸջصԼԺȴϹܿ¶ɫӭ
ôŻüˡϹܿ˵
֪ʲô𣿡һüʵ
岻̫һλˣ𾴵ӣӦԺйذɡϹ˵
ˣǸ׶𾴵Ŀˡǻ˭أ
һûж롣Ϲ㽫³ǰȥŭ鷿
鷿һŭ붫񲢼ɳ˵ʲô鷿žǴ򿪵ġһүү
ססһһ񹧾
ȥɡŭڰֶһ
һͷתҡһĨɫӰүүشߡճյȻڼ״̬үүظѩķ롣һ˿һ˿˸С
һ鷿ʱµŷ赽ˣ˲ûгԾʱԼ˼ҲûдǾվһߵȴţŷ顣Լүүֻ֪ΪʲôûһΪܲүүĶ
ãŷʼתȻֻ޽ǵ˿ȴԼü˿ף²˰ǵϴʥħѧԺʱûء
ŷ裬þòˡһЦʺǰҲ̫
ŷһϴһͷľˣҶ͸㡣
һʼ磬ߵǰһүүүүǲ˱ط˼״̬
ûطǵҽأ벻һμʮ͹ȥˡŷ̾ϢƺԵ
ûа취үүأһʵ
취УҪһµʱ䡣ŷ˵
һһ΢ЦǾͺãһ¾һ°ɣֻҪүүѾС
˵ɡŷ迴һ֮ǰࡣ
һԹԵڴߣŷǵĪúǷɡ
ŷ̧һط˿һֶСس谮ʵ޺û°ɡ
һŵŷἰ޺ޣпЦоӵ˵һ飬ĺŷ޺޵ʲôϵ
ŷƺһʣ̾һЩ鵽ʱȻ˵ģڡ
һԲǿֻʱͻȻˮǡ
ŷĿ˸ֻҡҡͷ
ŷ裬ң׷ʲôˡһŷ飬һ㼱ʵ
ŷΣҲһ㽫ˮձ˿ʶˮʵʩѪȻͷϵˮѱѪƻ죬ˮѲ֪ȥ
һͷһˮˮջȥأʮа˾Ǵǰڰ̻ϸˡ
뵽һҲסˣȥĺûᡣ

궬յĺȥҲ̶ãһѩѳˣͷǷѩԣ۾
ʱ۹ǽһɽµСһļžͼŵһС弸ʮľﱻһź۵˼һϯضͬһ㡣
һľһȡůȴͬݣΪֻˣȻǺڰ̻ķҶ
ڰ̻̻ɫӶŻ⣬ɫ粻ʲô
˻ûе룬Ϣһɡ̻ʷȰ
ڰ̻ʵͷ˫Ƚڤ״̬
ʱһӰ˻漴ʧ̻ʷһƳڤĺڰ̻һۣľݡ
ʲô£̻ʷüĸеһˡ
ˣ·ˮϵħʦˮټĸ
̻ʷâһɭ·㲻ߣ㴳Ǳĺ
ˣǲ֣ĸʵ
ϿݹǺͶߣǴϼŵùȥǣסǧҪ̻ʣҿĲ㡣̻ʷ
ʱˮշˮ绺ڷѩƶڸղˮڷͻȻһѪӿҺˮռʱֽס
ʱˮ㲣ƺһʮ꣬ɫ԰ףۿݣĿǣϲʱѪһнľˣеַɡ
̣סϾҪҵˡˮʵһ·ˮһղһգٱҲˮص⡣
İɣ̲µġˮǿЦЦȴǱ࣬óŵӵһ̡
ɾǴʱˮЩɢͫȻһӦΧ޵ɱ


544 ں


ˮŲһͣסˮյС֣һеķɢâ
ʱˮҲ˲Ծˮ䱸
ȻкӰһʮ˽ˮΧסͷĽ̻ʷĸ
סˮռý̻ʷ˲һЩϲػ
̻ʷ˵ĮؿһˮգȻĿˮϣЦҵĺţôŪ⸱ҵľأҿǻӭúܰ
ˣǲТӳҡˮ
ϲأΪ㻹ܼȻҽձȫ㡣̻ʷһ˫ɱ
ˮȴˣԤļʮǧǴΪʲôһƵġ
ףΪʲôҪҵװˮγѰ󺰵ˮŵһſŻ䡣
̻ʷɲǼĸӣܿƽĮҵȷףҪ־͹̫̣ϵϢһᣬҲ׵ĺݡ
ģǹءġˮʧǵ૵
ߣֶԸϲģΪһỨôľʱϷ𣿡̻ʷЦֻЦȴ⺮绹Ҫ䡣
ˮ˺Щʱ䣬Ȼһһ԰㲵̣ѵ˵̱Ϊ
ûϲ֮ΪɵģϵѪµġ̻ʷ˲̵ؿЦ
˵˵ûСˮɲǼ˻ߵشе
̻ʷĿһ䣬ȵ֣Ҫʧ硣
ʮӰΪһĨâˮĺڰʦʼʩħ
ˮħһ١һȦɫķ罫ˮհΧʮڰеֵ⡣
һ㡣ˮ罹ػܲ˴̱ѩϵˮա
ˮȴǷĩţֻʧǵţġģⶼǼٵġ
ȻħԪӿֺڰħˮطȥ
ֻŲһ졣ˮķɢڿ֮Сһ˿Ѫǿ֮ĩܹߵȫƾһڳţΪûдˮռףֻڿԸѾ̫ʵˡ
̻ʷ˼ˮģ¶һ˿΢ЦһôҲƲסشʹ壬ȴ⽫ָоˡ
ʮӰˮطһɫȥۿˮҪҽʬʮӰȴӲڿͣͣ·ʱһ̺Ȼֹͣһ㡣
ˮ̺죬˫տȻȫһ㵭֮С
򣬱⡣ˮһúɣʮӰɲǼ䱻˱˴ӿˤ
̻ʷЩ㵵վڱѩ֮оȻַһˮ磬ܿ췢ˮϿʼѪģǼ죬ﺮ׵ûš
ϲģҪˣûˣϲ֮С̻ʷЦû֦Ҳȼ֮ûȥɱҪȻڵϵʬһԼһˮϵħʦǰɲС
ˮЦűȵȻ£˵ѹ˲ʧΡ
ۡˮһѪڽ׵ѩУŵ÷һѪ֮У˫Ŀеڿٵţͬ
̻ʷ˵ĸУˮ絹£һһԻл㱵ˮ˹ȥ
ڶθͬʱݹҲˣ̻ʷ˼Ҳû̫⣬ΪҪ
ɾڶߵľ޽ˮյĶͷֻһʱͻȻͣʳѪŵصͷһһֻȭͷķ촦һѪܵ౻קȭͷ֮С
һ£ݹһ˦ߵʬ屻߸ˤڽ̻ʷ˵ǰ
ݹǣ㾹ұѽ̻ᡣ̻ʷ˼
Ҵûбѹ̻ᣬǽ̻֪ҾŮһҵġݹɳЦ
ɱ̻ʷҧгݵ
ʱݹǺȻ˦һźڲӣڰкȻըӴħ˷ӿȥ
ݹˮձҪ·˭뵽ʱˮȴȻѿݹǵĴ֣ߵشһŽ̻ʷ˳ȥ
ݹǴһ֦һħȳһ߽ʬʬȻǰ˹ȥ
ʱݹӳɵǿħȴڤغڰ̻ʸѹ÷Ҷһۼе˳ħķӶȥ
ˮ״һһħ׷Ž̻ʷȥ˵عпݹһСرİȫѵˡ
̻ʷ˼ܹкâһʮڰʿһſ
ոձݹǵʬüɹĺڰʦ˺ڰʿ󡣾ڸոһغʧ˺üˡ
̻ʷ˿Ųܲ˵سˮգɷۣͻȻ翣˿ȴѩ֮ϢˮաǾ찵ħɱħһ
СġݹǼ̻ʷʹһСˮջĩһȥˮײһƺѩдܳš
ݹǡˡͬʱڿһε㽫Ϯݹŵغɢ
һâҲǰ㽫ڽ̻ʷ˱һɫӰ
ڰ̻ԳΡһʱһſݹһˮ̱ˮǰվ
лʦ֮ݹǼһһ
һڰ֣ѩϵˮ𣬼⸱ģһæһָڻסһ̽ãѾȡ
̡Һ㣬Һ㡭ˮչѩϣʹޣžѪ֮顣
һһַˮһֽˮ§뻳УĿȴ纮һ֮Եؽ̻ʷˣŮ˻ݵģˮװˮŮ˼Ե硣
סڰ̻ʴؿһѪ۲֪ˮ磬ŵһģһһ˹ȥ
ͨһڰ̻عˮǰòĴָգֱףѣѰ
Ҫʣɱ֡ˮմŶźڰ̻ץҧ
ڰ̻ȴĩտˮӿ૵ô⵽ôˣ
ôˣĺȥһȻˮػУóڰ̻ʶԴ²֪飬ҶˮӦûظ顣
ڰ̻ŤͷԼӣȴȻĿ⣬Ťͷ𴦲Բ
ڰ̻ͻȻĻ˵úÿӣʲôĪ飬ѵָľ
ʱˮƤ˲ѵ˫ۡ
̣ˡˮѹסס̱֡
סڰֹ̻һԾѶ׼ȴһ㡣
㡭㻹𣿡ˮɢڼڰ̻ʺһƺһЩ
ĩ޹ף޵Լڰ̻ʵˮ̲ס䣬ˮǰʹڣǰˮԧ죬ȷʵһʱ޹ʱ佥ãʣµȴֻΣ֮ûлȥΪûȥ
ˮдһ˿οѵʱ޿̲㣬롭СĵΣ㵽ʮ껹Ÿһ˯Ҫ׳Ŷ㡭
ˮһ˿΢Ц˵ţǰõ
ǵãʲôǵãף㲻Ҫ뿪ҡڰ̻ͷһ˺ѰĸоˮһһˮϣˢϵѪۣͬڳˢԼۻ顣
ˮĿһˮգ˲촽𡭡Ӧ̣Ҫ㸸ס
ˮտ˿һˮĺڰ̻ʣصͷ
ǰ׳˯㡭òãˮ
ڰ̻һ𣬲紵ϵѩƮѡ˭ҵ޲˯
ڰ̻ţǰһĻĻԺ֣Сû˸ףһԻ丸׿ȫıֻжůļ䡣
ˮ΢Цţƺԣͫ׽ɢͷһᣬںڰ̻ʵĻԶ˯˹ȥ
ףסڰ̻ǺȻ챯һ§סˮ壬лں޽ӡ
ˮտˮȻţؿһ£˫۷׵ػ˹ȥ


545 䣬µĺڰ̻


ĸɽˣѩƮ裬ңһ޴ıҺȻͦɷĲдšˮϵħʦˮ֮Ĺ
ˮվþùĹǰ׵ѩϣճյĹһҲһվԶɽһֱͦĬĬػ˿κԶǲ԰ģһʵ֮ҡ
ãɫѩԣˮͻȻɳɤһҸòúǣ
áһԥػش
ҸòɱǣˮռʵСץˮµıȡ
áһش
ˮճĬãվڹ̫Ѫͨһıȥ
һһ§סˮյΪ辭죬ȴʹΪʹı顣
ǻȥɡˮ˵ƣؿһļϡ
һˮշɽµС壬նʮѹ֣Щڰ̻ľӢһԵʱ˭֪̻ˣ̻ʷɱ˺ڰ̻ʵ⻹÷찡
үС㣬̻ʱ롣˸ս壬ڤӭȻ湧ʱˡ
ˮյؽ˲Сֽץסһ䣬ƺһϵõ
£һҡһˮյСְΧԼȻǣڤ˷
ȻȼһѲ𣬺ڰ̻ʱվڴǰԵñ˶į
˴ʶȤתȥŹϣֻһˡ
ڰ̻ʻתһҹ࣬ˮյһģһ̣֮һĶмࡣЫĽ̻ʷԶҲԭ֮ԵʱûɱΪ뿴ڰ̻ʵô
ڰ̻ЩˮգǧҪȴ˵ڡ
죬ûʸôҡˮȴͻȻת򿪷ű˳ȥ
һͷһʹȥ׷
үһȾһɡЩͬ˵ڰ̻ʺסһǳ
ʲô˵ɡһͣסŲ
Щú𣿡ڰ̻һʵ
ܵ˵֪һֱΪˣ̣˺ܳһʱ̵عϵǳӡһ𵱳ˮ˵µ飬һ̾
ڰ̻ĬȻ˫һͷ޷Զ
ԺҺúչ𣿡ãڰ̻ʻ˵˫ȻĿϬضһ
һݸһЦҵŮˣһȥչ
ã㣬Ҫᵡκһڰ̻ʽŵ
һͷͻȻӿһ˿ֵĸоʲôȴ˵
ʵҽڰ̻ľӢ㳲սԸż塣ڰ̻ͻȻ˵
㲻˵Ҳµˡһʼ磬ֲɵӣڰ̻ۼǳżĲŹ֡
ڰ̻һΣ͵ص˵ͷŮĲ򵥣ǳԼ͸ŮҲûǣһЩʮ̸Ҳ˵
˵Ҷ˵ˣȥɡڰ̻תȻ˵
һüͷһת߳ľݣܾúڰ̻ʽסֻ֤չŮӦûʲô飬û˵ҲˣزҲٶԸżˣؾ֣½ŮԼС
һ뿪ûã̻ʷҶںڰ̻ʵߡ
ԡԲ𡣡̻ʷҧȻԱ˺ݶԺڰ̻ȴǹɵúܡ
ڰ̻ĬȻȻվŴƮѩ֪ЩʲôֱֻͦرʱȴԵЩ͡
֪ҲãҪܣɱҰɡ̻ʷ壬ǰץסڰ̻ʵĴ֡
ڰ̻ŤͷԼһۣͳҶģȥ׵Ĺǰڰɡ
̻ʷ˰Σҧͷ
ҹĨӰһǰһɽϣˮĹع
ףТ֮ڰ̻ʿĹڱʯʹ飬Ҷ㶹֪Щʲô
ãڰֹ̻סתͷɳƵҶҽᷢʮأ֪ҾľΪ˾Ҳɥ֪һжΪҺáǡ߱ĸݣûа취㣬ֻԾĸ
̻ʷͷһз𲻺õԤСǰ׽סּеǧҵĴǧɵ°
ڰ̻ҡҡͷһЦָӵӣȴͻȻ˺ɫѪ˿
̻ʷòڰ̻ǵѪ˿ӰĶΪΡΪҪôɵҪɱ˱ǣΪΡ˵
ʮĩһӸþТᡭܹµҪڰ̻һںѪȫӵĻС
ҶԻ硣ĺ̡̻ܲʷ˾૵齥ᶨͻȻкâһһѺɫмԼࡣ
ֻƺһȫûڣһڰ̻ĿԣһգˮһȻӵ۾ԴһĽѡ
ڶһ磬һһҹѩˮմأȴкڰ̻ľӢһ𣬶վǰͷȻȴΨڰ̻ķˡ
үдһ˿
һɻǰȴͻȻи߾һŹڹâķȣ·̻ʱڰ̻ｻүУӴ˺ڰ̻ү䣬ߵǧС
һȻʲô°ڰ̻ϼһﵽڸʲô
²μ̻ʱ¡ڵϰ
²μ̻ʱ¡ǺѹѹһƬؽ̻ᾫӢ԰
⵽ô£̻أһȻԸôһ֧ӴŪ⵽ô¡
ҡҡͷ²֪̻ʱ½Щ㲻ӰҲͬʱʧˡ
ˮòͻȻ뵽ʲôƵķӶ𣬳ɽȥһǽ
ҸϡҲȥڰ̻ɻûһУһô죿
ˮһɽӵһ𣬼ѩڸǵظ׺ףҴѾоһ˿ʱˣ԰׵ɫԲ̬ЦŵЦ󣬵ˣúãúð
һˮ״߿ӣһʹȻʹĸȻʧȥˣҲܲˡ
һģ㿴ҵǸˣ̫ˡ
һһһ뻳С
ſңᣬſҡˮһŴС
޾Ϳ޳ɡһץӣĶ߰ο
ޣ˭ޣҸҪޡˮþһƿĿӵŵĸ
ǡΪϴˢǵųųǲҵĸסˮָȥʱĺڰ̻ʷޣͻȻһѩ£ƱͻȻȥеһ㣬ۿˮӯӯ˵˾ġ
һˮջԼĻļɵѾͷ޳ɣŻģĻһʹġ
ˮĳҭƴƵĴˮ̵ĺˮйһƵĺޣģᡣ
ԣްɣһԶߡһнˮյķ۱ҡͷֱ̾뵽һˮϵħʦڰ̻Ľ̻ʷ򸾻ķʽսԼ
ʱƺƵĽ̻ᾫӢһĻ˶дʡ
ʱˮһп޻ȥһְˮʦôôأ
֮һнӹ˺ڰ̻ﰵ鷨Լߵĺڰƣһ򵥵ʽʽΪ˺ڰ̻Ľ̻ʣ˵ĻԵ컯ǧ򻯣ɴ˱ɼһߡ


546 Ϸʼ


һҹǵͻȻ˱ѩĺؿֱ졣صǹӦħƵʯƺʲô⣬˴ȼյںƮҡĽֵ⣬ǼһƬڰ֮С
ڴϽźıӣХĺ磬ֲָĺҹĪЩ־ͲƺҪƵġ
ʱʹ֮Ҳó棬˲ʱŶ²ݲѲߵ֮⼸ˡս޹߶ţԹ񣬲֪Ϊʲôҹܾ޹ů紺ȴֱ裬ڿᵽЩͬѰϢ
ս±㾶ֱ߳޹һˡ
һӰϢسǰʵкηԸ
żǱʲôûУսʵ
£̽ҹţڻûд쳣ͨӰ
ż尲ڹеļ쳣𣿡սﻹЩʵ
ûκ쳣²صġӰ
սһеĲȴǿңʲôãɱһ㶯ûвģֶǻ·ڵԼֱ
£żȶҲ̫ѡڽûйߣѩøˣڳؿҲرŭôɵġӰȻսڵʲôǳһ
ҺγЩֻǡҶ˰ɡսһ̾ȥŭҪǽǾ

ŸۡһڴءðĿ⿴˯üˮգ̶죬ѸɫŲ̬Ĳ԰ס
ʱ֨ѽһ˿ϹܿһѲ˽
㽫Ⱥ˰ɡϹܿ˵Ž̷ϡ
һϹܿмһЦԣѸһţ㰡˺ܾðɡ
ţʱ㳢ϹܿϲЦ
һ˴һһ̾ܿǺգǰͲҳԡ
˵أڼʱʮָͷùϲֺηϹܿһһۣԹ
һǸδչͷĦϹܿȻһĴǣǷԣԹſ졣ι㡣
һҨһ˴Ϲܿߣůů⡣
ϹܿͷȸԾֹסһЦһķ̡
һڡһЦҨһ׵ݹȥϹܿſ졣ȴɿؽԼʱ
Ϲܿв޵
һüͷһ˫ֻϹܿĲӴȥĴԣһϢڱǣ֮
Ϲܿûõؽһ۾һȡ
һⶥϹܿıݣ˳ι˹ȥϢһȥɴһϣ͵ĥ
ãһƿ촽㴽ޣ̬˵ϹܿЦôú𣿡
ϹܿᴷһһȭһˣҧһĶȥڷɡ
һһͦСֵϹܿȼ䶥˶ֱϹҧ㡣
ɲСһĿϹܿķ۱
ϹܿЩʧµûбԹЦǷǷһΣ´һҪ˫
ʮУ±ʱͶһЦ
ҿĵһǷϹ֪ܿһǷһŮ˲ԼܾԼûá
ʱԺͻȻ˼н֨֨죬һϹ㱧£ܿչ˺ڳȥһˣʲô쳣ҲҪţʱ׻ᰲźһеģ𣿡
Ϲܿʶʲôһ䣬żЩûʸģһ֣صĻѾµʲô
ҪСģҵϹܿصͷû˿Ļš
һοһЦĴһǣ㿪˳ȥ
ʵжһŭĸ֮ûκ֪Ϊһξܵжֻһһ˳˵ҪŻ֪ĽҲֻΪԤһΪϵż弰丽
ڵҹɫУһһĨ˽ڴ

ʹһİܵعʮŲɫػáеùɭɭʮˡ
սվеһħУʮڰʦΧħΧ
Ȼսеɫȣ˵һɫħ˱һʣʮڰʦ˫ٿڵɬħ㿪ʼŤĺð𡣽˶˽ȥ
ԭս޹ʮȦֻеĸоԽԽѹ֣ԽԽ㲻ԥϵķϵعʮλڰʦٻǱƮѩŮеѪ飬ϮɱŭΪƮѩذ޷죬ŭһûа˿֮ģ˳ɹİջǼءԭż嶯ʱŶӣս󣬵ȴΪвǰǡ
ʱƮѩڴ죬һֲһ㳬ǿ磬ˮӦչ˵ġһȴ˷Ըǲ׼߳š
ʱŮͬʱһȫѪ֣ʶһ׶Ĵ̹ǵľʹǲʹ
ǿӣɼðһС㡣ɿüʶķۼγһĿѪɫС˶ƴҪͻǵʶ֮С
ʱһƮѩŮʶвõķ˫ħͷãѪôֱײȥǵʶεСֻһȴŮʶһĵطκһС˺޷صغȻѪ޷ȥ׺ײȴҲһ˿ܣҲһĵط
ѪƺݼˣԽԽҡŮͷʹֱڴϴ
ʹȾǡŮҽеغҪĹͷŮһ뵽ıһ֪һеĵλͬܶΣʱһرԼһ㡣
ֻϧǸģûǵĲҺǻķϹеսʮʦл̻̣Ѫþòܳɹ֪⣬ȴֹͣ䣬ûгɹ£һֹͣᷴɣʱܴܵˡ
ôѵֲڵѪͱżҷֲ˷ǳɱʲôԷסѪأսнõԤϮͷҪбˡ
Ʈѩɫףһҧˣ˿֪ʹͷײǽͷѪֱȴһǱ棬˵ֻƤ⣬ȴѰá
ѪĹ÷񣬶ŮʶеħҲʼսҪѪȫס
ƮѩܲˣɱҰɡҽеʱûһãһŴҲȫ
ƮѩȴҲõȥײһӣ忪ʼγ鴤ȴȥһʹطӳԵʹϡ
ʱһʦͻȻƺһһѪȥ˺Ӧһ㣬ʮʦѪίҵص£սҲѪ˿ֻãʵܵķɲ
ƮѩʶеѪȴǲҽһ˲ɢŮپԴһᣬ̰ʹһɢΣʱŮžʶһҸػ˹ȥ

һȻµĽһľһͼָֽ˵ʲô
ǽͼֽŵķ˼¼ĽһױƵĽͼֽݸһ
һӹһ۾һĽزһ£˵úáǳѺķʵҲвͬĽڷ˼¼϶˲ͬĵȼĻһܾȷʲô˺ʲôˣϾ鷿ĳҲôʵǿ˴ȷռסͷȻԴԴϵӿϣһһռ䣬ҴܵĻܿᱻɱֻн۵һܷӳʵ
ʵⶼǺ̽⣬ҪллŶԡĽ˵
һḷ̌üЦѸ§סһǣ̧ͷʱǾ䣬ٺЦϷʼˡ


547 ҹϮʹ


ѩӺҹܼƮ䣬һȥǰɫѩĻһվһԶǰ㶼֣ܼᷢȿ֪ˡ
ܶжſ־壬ΪĩյףȥǳĴѩ֮Ტۡǵģⳡѩ¸켸ҹû׼ܱ߾Ҳˡ
ǺҹʹֵڵȴȺؾۼĵطȾ죬õѲ𣿳֮⣬ûڱܵĵط߲ͨһŲȥѩˣǺЩսҶжԲߣǿɲôķѩʲô⡣
ʱʹ鷿ڣһǽϢس߻˿¶ҵڡӰȻ֣ʮڵ˱鷿ڡͲһϡҲиչ׳Ƕһͬ㣬ǱѪűŰ֮ɫԼɵķ
˵Щˣǰڿ۹½պգǵ֮ɫ䣬ֹСҹ֮Чÿ˶Ѫȣɱ֮˲ʵڴ½һ㣬رǱ֮µǳҲǲįطˡǵʵǰҪ߳٣Ǵǰʺϲˡ
鷿ĴźһȻ鿪һݿµİ׷Ծ˫Ϯҹ̫࣬ҽֻһȻֹͷ­̫ಱѪȫ
þûѪζˣ˻߿ЦͷǵѪ飬˷ܵؾ˺üĴҩ
СӣҲ̫˼ˣôֻųԶʳأһ󺺲ڽʮ꣬ǰɵıɱԽĹԽѶȵԽȤսʵüƽ׽˾ԽôҲϹ˳Ǳ㱻˽
վͬһߣϷ򶨰ĸڳ¾ơߵ
ʲôûɱ𣿾ǵʱɱһ𡣴ĿҵسڡŮοҲΪƫƫһ仰ѵĿһеļһԹԱ͡
ʱѲ߷ɱղ̫ʱİҽѾע⡣
һЩѪ˸¶˷ܣ۴ų˹ȥ¼زҽУ⼸֧Ѳ߶ӱһص⣬ǻ̵ĳЩֶϽſѪȿֲЩѪϱ龰¶Żֹɣʵ˲£ЩԽǵˡ
ؾڻʹϿ𣬶鷿ܵҲӿԽԽڽеطˡ
սûϵսӻʹڲʼ죬еıڻڻʹǽܣŵĻʹı顣
ʹܴڲܼʱԮеǧڶʱеˣʬҰѪɺӣİɫѩȾ˰졣
սӵϢʱһӱˣǧȴΨ©һ㣬Ԥн£ȴû뵽˲Ǵ湥Ǵӻʹڲһӿ˳ֶ֮п˷ָ
£ѾЩ˲żľӣǴӽӳķˡսĸĴ
һսһƽǰĵķѣݵŤΣҧгݵƣΪƾЩں֮ʲô𣿡
ʹѾҳһ࣬ǹŮ̫໹˶ֵڻʹĴҴͼ
ħʦӪǽɱ÷ķǸŶסˣӳֹħȳ㳯ЩʵǿطȥȻ֮ڶࡣ
ʦ⣬ʦУɱȥǸֵЩ˵ҲѸٰڳһγŶܼؾӳ˹ȥ
ͷǸĲвŮؼһһƬɫȴ˲ոʮʿͬʱҲ˵ʥʵ
ѩء
졣
ѡ
ʮħͬʱŴڽ˹ȥǿƻǰװˣħʦĿֲڴʱֵ쾡£ֻҪħʦʱ䣬һʦһħʦҲֻнŵĭˡ
ֻʱԮԽԽ࣬ʹħʦҲԽԽ࣬пʼִȻħʦĵȼձ鲻緸еħʦȼߣĲֲںϸԵħʩųԵֿԷĽʱƱ㼱תˡ
ʱɷҹȻȥѩ֪ںʱѾֹͣǧ˴ʱֻʣڿ֧ţͬʹҲиΪⳡսʣĽʵǿĸ֣һץסᷴˣǵ˽ʼӡ
սپսüͷ´ǧķ˲ɱһĽҽ󲿷ֱħʦӪǣѩҲֹͣˣżû
֧סֻҪٳһɾǲԶˡǲвŮĽʥ
Ӿʮ¶û⣬ιСӣ㻹ваһˮȴӲȡЦͬһͷ󺹵ߡ
Ϸʱ㻹ڳ̣ܺԼɡߴŴ˵
ʱʹǽ漰ħźųսͷһżȻûҪˣڰ̻ôûеأ
ħźΧ˵ĽʿЩ꣬һʱ͹ԵЩҡ
ʱ򡣡ǲвŮĽʥĵһŽɫĽָɲǱ譲ӵĹâһĳХƮ¶˶õ̵ģǳªˣ뻹ܽܣ⽣ʥƤƱӲǿֲ
˶𾪵ʱ⽣ʥһ㵭⣬޽µĶҲɲǼɫתΪɫҲ˵һ˲˴ӽʥĿԽ
һ⽣ʥȻΪһĿĽâײ˽ħ硣
ֻһǿҵŤ漴ѷѸܷ䣬Ȼ󲨵һɢڿ֮С
ɱڽһ̣ʣĸȺһĲУʼѪɱ
ͬʱʹǽϿյĿռҲһŤһΪ޴ĽȻǻ羹Ȼ˼زˡ


548 Ϊ


սû飬һƬãҧҧֳǧڰʿסǣ˻ط
ս֮ԳٳûúڰʿЩֵķˣΪķԴϣֻżĶ֣ЩֻżһʹƷˡ
ǧ֪ʹɱ˻Ѹٽ滻Щɢķһɱ
Ծֻ¾ۼһ𣬶ǧڰʿĹѹûһȱġ
ʱսѴȥǽأ̫ӥָӵȡ
һЦƮڿУʮϹ弰˽ڳǽǧ״վ
⵽ô£ΪʲôͻȻ飿սɫ࣬ͷ̫ӥ
ʣ֪˳һùӥߺ޵Ʈڿе޲ðƤˡ
ȷһΪǧ˵ס˵Ŀ⣬Ȼ֪رƽǽĬؿʼƽ⻤硣
Ȼ⻤粢ͨĽ硣һһʱ;Ѳ߷͵ǰ˵ҹ´ѩ˵Ŀⶼڻʹڵϣƽʮһ˵ĳѲ߾ûִУҪֻֽͲϣٷˡ
ս俴ųǽǺѹѹһƬİаľϵƱɸоǵ񲻿ɵķâһֻеؾϧǿȴǳԵ֮֡Ҳû̫ģȻ飬ʳǵĳǽָֺ񡣲ô׹ģżҲûô˿ġħʦǿԴӿнҲпзЩʿֻҪǹôĵһ̶ȵʱԼúڰʿȻͷһƣɹذջǺܴġ
ֻǼƻԶϲϱ仯ս߼úúõģһȴ¶յЦݣ˭˵Ҫʿķڹϵء
Ƥϡ³ǡɡһͻȻһ䣬Ʋһһ׵ľһߣŵóǽϷصʿɫҰףСȶͣ
찡ѵż廹˾˵л֮ǽһʿ˵Ǹľͷð麹
һҪˡһʿֹɲҴ˵ó˵ͻҾｫˣʵ뷨ɲֹһУܶѾЪֹطһͷʿ䵽˼㡣
սƲӥȵ̫ӣ㻹ʲôʱˡ
ӥγѣ󼸸ڰʦͳһƿʼŻɬ
һһжٺֱЦеĿúڰ֮ȥˡ
߶£ƿеغʼҷӿֻһȴȻƮڿУӥ
ôܣΪʲôûãӥɫ԰׵غһ̵ֱؿûЧһ˼꣬һʹطԼɱȫѶֻһжѳλӰ
սЩԾƮѩֲѪʧܺб׼ӥһʧǡ
ƤϣɡһһεƤЦ
СӣЭܸ½飬ⲻΪôƤЦԻЩ֡
˵𣿱үֻһðˣֻǱܣΥЭһ°͵ĺЦ˵һ֣ʮзֿһ޴սϼһѸʮ׵ľ͹󻺻˹
㡭ʲôƤ
Ͼͻ֪ˣСһɡһЦһץƤβһɶʮ׳Ƥϼڷϣ׼һأƤѻΪһ޴ĺâֱֱ˹ȥ
ֻźһ죬ɳʯ𣬳ͬǽƬ·׷ɣ˭Ҳ벻Ƥһײ֮żߵľӻ裬սǱһ塣
û뵽ΪЧͦģֻϧȱڻСһ㡣һĿⲻĸ³ǡ
ҪɣҿɲϼһǰƤڣ㻹ұɡ³ǼòԶƤҡҡλ˾һ̬һµıֱҡͷ
ô˼˵׵ٶˡһһü漴úɸֵƴȴ㣬û뵽ǸĹεļһԼȴĽƳĺڰ
³ǼæҡͷȻ׵ٶ۸һ˫ĵԼһһ飬ÿΣʱͦģ³ǿɾ
Ժأ³Ǳһһ˼ά׵ٶ֮ѡˣһҧλСΪһ֧֮
ŹһٺһЦ³Ƿھ͹ϣ編Ƶؽźĳǽȥ
սȴ׼ǵصħŸ³ǻΪĽâȥ
һ죬һǽȻ£Ǳ³ҳһʮ׿ȱڣվϵʿ׹±һ̾Ҫð
˭˭˰³ǻΪҡվһһŵСǰȥϵĽɫۼаɫıƼĽۣȻֻǱƤ𣬵ȴҲе۰
³Թţͻ󱳷ħԪؾҲбһŸϵħǵ˹
̵ģ³һֿڣѾӱܣɴأײǽǱģǴʱǿɾƻЭˣʱס˰ѱүӿ϶
һҪЧѾﵽˣƤ͸³ǵĳֽսһʿѹ˼͵㣬Ҵһʮ׵ȱڣǿйǿһһˡ
һŶ澪Ųסȱڵʿһ֣İӰѸǰкýͣħʦŵļ뿪ʼǼӳףħһȴâΧΪ⵶ǰ漸ʮϡ
һһо޽ǰһָӰһɫһ㳯ǰϯȥ


549 䶨


ڰӰŷʼеĹֽȳǽѹƣħʦҲʼá
ٵĳ˲˺˵зĲΣҫ۵ʿǹ譲ӵĹâһոŽ
ֺħʦѹƣȫѹϣսԴһЧٺһЦʿȫ߳ʹӿȥ
һ»ˣüս̫ӮŵˣݵѣνֻҪǣЩʿ־塣
һŵ㣬㳯˳ȥѤõ߲ħȻϮ˹ȥһͻأֵĲʺ硣
ΧߵΣգƵǽֻ˼ʮͷ­Ѫء
ֻôһ˲䣬һѱͻȻֵĺڰʿŰΧսӥȴǳûԶˡ
ڰʿĳһոȡõƵȻ޴棬Щûи鲻֪ʹʵȽʦɱ˻ʵڹǿӳĺɫĽмƱգֻҼһƬһƬ˲ʧء
һһľŮȥˣ˵а취ܶԸЩڰʿ𣿲ͷһѰɡవսһʮһⷽѾھơ
սӥѾܵսȦһԶԶɱ
ʣǻкڰʿżҪ군ˡӥĨȥͷ亹мңոһһɰŻˡ
ǰҪ군ˣֻϻż군սĿضӥ˵
ʡ㡭̫ӥսзë˺ͻȻ⸸һƵġ
㲻ǶͦȤôһʲô䣿սЦݱɭޱȣһ˿ĪĿȡǰۻͻڿٴγǰ
㲻Ҹʣ㵽˭ӥ侲һЩʵ
ⶼ²ʵڱҩɾˡ۹иҲû㡣սЦ
ӥɫ䣬ͻȻһָս㣬ʧٵľʦҸôˣ
սӦó֮ΪʦˡЦ⻹ҪȻѾ֪ˡͰĵȥ㸸ʰɡ
ˣˡǶˣ¡ӥ԰һܱߵֻϧЩͬһһȻѲڿ۹ʿˡ
ʦٺЦпʼдʣӥԺȻһʹǧֻӴӴطʶʮѣ־˫ĥֱԳܵסġ
ɱ㡣ӥһžʦ˹һͻȻϵƤһ鸯õ䣬ǿֲ
ӥߵʦǰʱȫƤѵ˸⣬ֻʣһѪܵĹǼӣ󲻸ʵسȥ
ʱһѽռָе룬Сϻпٻ˳ͬʱֵĻмѪѪ顣
Ѫɫ·裬һغɫ磬ڰʿо֮ɱСһ㿳һźڰʿͷ­
ͬʱʥСϻʥӲϵش׳磬ѪɫѪɷսһαŤת
ʦ㶵ؿһУ·һӴƶ˵ȵףϲ󱯵޷ܡ
ʦͶɡһ֪ʱپʦزԶĵط
ͶǺǣӼƻʼһҾѾ뵽ʧܵغֻǣҾʧܣҲżùʦõȻѾһ㶼ں
ڴʱͻȻƵأĲҽ쳹д䡣һһǰһѣֻв֪ʱһֻʮľӣǷɢڳĴǵľɱ׶Źʮȷ˵ͲǾӣһȺĺˡ
û´Щ˲Ǿ˶ιһȺǷҵʧɢ֮ͻ÷ȻսУɱɱ޴İջǴ´ģҾҪѪȾ죬ӱһѪӡʦЦ״Ʒ
һǳ鴤һ£Ȼ޵ĳŤת˾ƣսҲһʱܽģûȥֹⳡȫǴɱʦúݵֶΡ
һ۾űɱȫǵİ̵ɱܽܵʵ
һų֣һ߲ħݺݻʦࡣ
ʦͷĿǲʵѪȴȻŹЦݣȴֱֱȥ
ʣҪʱȴһһɫӰȻ£ס˾Ҫصľʦ
һһһ˾
硣һĺһתͷһѩ׼޺վƮɵĳԵӳվͬĩȡ
Ůһʹ޵ϣôҲû뵽һ̻һ֮£ٲķѴñΪ˵رǿĿĸʱԼɱ
ΪʲôΪʲôסʦؿȻѪעĴڣʧǵ
˵һǰ𣬿ȴһ㯵ƺԼǰվһİˡ
һոտڣȻӿһƬ޴ƣˣŷһȺԦӥ
ɫʸһĨĨâǵǣЩɱյĺ˷׷мأһʱŷȺԦӥŵĶֳ־֮ľ顣
ǸշּʸϱȴֿٷһȺδȴϵˣǷһƬƬķУɲǼ佫ͽ롣
ϴ󣬰ţˡһţţʿɱͬʱĻʨʿ
ֻţֳþʹ֮УþӳâΧһȦ⣬Ǵ֮˽ԷǶһغ֮С
һЦˣгһҿǼʱϵҪȻǵİտҪɱˡ
˼֧Ԯκܿȶֲǵķ񺷷ڼֹ¶òˡʹڵĽڿʦ㶷־ʧͶˣЩĺڰʿܿ㱻һʣ̾һʬ̺


550 Ů


˶ķѩսһսᣬкĻҰƲ㿪ʼɢȥΥ̫Ҳֻ֣µȴԵѪȺ
ѩеˣѪһѩɢñذһƬ˳İɫʧȥ˵İʹ飬ϵıǽٺľ֪ͷϵȻȫͬȴǵֽʲôأ
һʱսһ֮ȫӼƽʮˣӴֱּ˸е𾪡
ʱŸֵۡĵطˣһԼԺЩԺĻѩڣھʦ㲻ٹκ飬ҲпսԼ͵˵Ҳù
ľ̡һɫͫЩʹһ֣ӿһֱѵĸоҲй뷨һȴŭҪɱˡ
Լ̫֪ĿĲ򵥣ȴ˵ǱʶͲϣẦԼ
ŵԺһһˣţԶһûһ죬᷿ĴǰӵżĶ˵ؽաǶؽĿͣһϡ
ˡļһװʲôһžװž鹭ƯţǹһԺķһȻǴ쾫Ԯżݿˡ
ŲװҸоܡĽ񷴲һ΢üͷкۡľΪʲôö˶˵ؾʧˣǸŮ˶һоõ
޺ҡҡͷ̾ΪʲôҪսأȨô𣿹Ϊ֮Ϊ֮ɥʧʵ˽磬޾ɣֻǱӲ˴½˲ճΪʱӢۣӢ۴ʷ
޺һ峺һ˿룬ʥϢȴԽŨƮƮȻӡ÷༸ŮΪ֮Ŀȴ֪޺ŨʥϢȴѹԼеغЩ˼飬ѹ׵ôأҲＫطĺǳϡҲֻԼһĸ鵽ж
ڴʱĨӰһǰһһǰ
ңǸĲҸ𣿡˫ףضһ
һʰ顣ӲвϷŭɥĴܸѹͷȻǣ㲻Ҳ׶𣿡
һ˵ǵʱ߲ħ̴˾ʦ࣬͵طʱоʦϻһɼ΢ؾ񲨶оòԾϸ̽һ˭֪ʦӰӾȻ˹סزӡʱӰ˵һ䣺ձҪȫˡһþǧһʱӰӶסЩѪɫ齫ʳˡ
ҸֻأǱʦ𣿿ǹأұ˻ʹûз֡˵
ˡӵһûʶĵطˡһǿһЦ֪ԼƭԼ²սĺֻԸŰˣͬһֱԸľڹؼʱ̱һ㡣
Ҳǡ૵̧ͷһͻȻ˫ˮһػҭԲ𡣡
һĽοط۱зſˡͬȡԼϵůԼֺγڼȡůľ̵顣ȥɡ
һԵӵˣһЦΪýø˵ͬʱҲЩʧ䡣һǹĵεΣʱһֻĸоƭԼ˵һûиоҲ֪һиоŮֺ࣬ûԼ֮ˡ
ǸӦǸӵ飬һ̧ͷһЦСȭͷ˸˵ƣֺתˡ
߾£ʮɳˮ壬Խ߾һһΪĿ־Сһں󣬱峤ҧҧ׼ƽʱȴս군˵ϢͬʱŭĵطӰ˳߾峤´Ҵ˱۹һ·׷ϣ̶һڽĿŵɳ͵Ӣˡ
ͬ¡ɲҪشӪȴڿҪϰʱ⵽Ĺͷʱȴַֿ۹ذطӵصǡ
ͷй£ʮڲʧ֮һ峤һܰԸ˸ɾԴˡڱɯ쵼¿ʼȨ
߾ʮգŭһǻᣬ̳лλͳǰµ۹ͼƲۣÿƺšʱ½ǰ񡣲䲼µɷ
ʱŭỹաһŸۡŪС椶ÿСֶŮܵӣ뵱ٶһЩ֪Լĸ׺˫ʱǷӵЦأӥ߷ʱȻԼû£ǴȴɱԼӺȫѶһҹڴķһҹ
ʱŴӷ˳ݺݺظһЦ׷Ůˣ˹ɫԡ
һЩŮˣбжˡˮսá˿̡ƮѩѾͷݷϹܿ޺ޡݿȡĽŷɳˮ׵ٶȻвȫԼŮˡ˶˶ۼһ𡣿ž֮ˡݺ󡣵һĪܰ
һ󣬿Ů֪ĻĶӵһֻۻңҲֲ˭˭б˲ռǺúԭ˫ͻʹһһɽ壬ԾһһϿȣǵŮȭй£ֻñͷ֮󼪣Ҫ֪пֻĸһ쮿ɲġ
һŸŴͷӿǣƺӷпѡżνĴﵽȨ۷壬Ȼ۹ûйΪ۹ͼǿǵ۹ײǵ뷨һһϦǽԼعͻȻ˱һֲ̫ʵҪһʱ䣬żȨѾ쵽½䣬˵żǲ½죬綼񷢴ˮһ㡣
⣬ͣдűڻʹ֮䣬ͨ˭˭˭ˣͨϰմ۽磬ЩصĿжԺգж
Ů뾫鹫ˡһűһɱһ߼ߺš
Ŵ˵ŮƯؾŮ;鹫٣һըһ㣬˷ӿͷҪĿһ¾Ů͹ķɡҪ֪һƽʱںɽؾɭ֮Уżľٵüؾȴƹأɾ֧Ԯż壬Ů͹μŭصǻʽ˶ĵװ²֮عϵ
һһ켣Ⱥ֮ʱһʱ׵ǻӳŷ򿪵мĺȻһʮ˵ؾ飬ǴžƯľпŮȻ߸ϣƤһľߴˡ
ԶԶأһ㿴ǴӵмľŮ¶櫣Ҫֱ棬˭ԴǾպϲ³ǵݣŮ٣ֻҪǶĵ׷һ־޵ĸо
鱾Ȼ֮ʡ崺磬ۼò˶
ɵѾͷ㶫ʲôأŮ¶쳤һڴӱЦʵ
ҡûʲôǺ÷Ŷ¶ĲɵӦ
ˣģϢǵϢܸոͨȥȻᵽԻġŮݸһЦĻ᲻֪Ů˼ĩѾͷǻСˡ
Ŷܾڸ¶櫻ش
ˣôˣôöˡȲôʱסŮЦȰοɻ˵һ룬۽ǵͻȻɨһĨϤӰٶȥǻ켣Ⱥг΢ЦĲһǻСֻ˭أ
¶˳žŮߣ˫ɲǼǳһžµúϼ棬̶촽¡Ժ˷ܶҳһŽ
һü¶櫲˷ܵؼһ㳯һɱȥ
¶櫷ɱ;Ƿ׷õֻʣһȻվԭءůůЦſ˫ۡ
¶һɴܣȻһĻСĿ£˽ӵһ
ζһǼ䣬һ־Υ˵Ϣ¶ĽһһֲʵĸоϾгĩˡ
¶櫵ظоǿң§һҪԼ˼һ۵ĥбزٵز֣˺Ѱʹҹʱ档
ڣڿٴαǻе翣ʵʵڵظоشڣŵϤζҸҪιȥ
ҵС飬ˡһ¶櫵ļضૡ
Ҳǡ¶櫶߱һһʱ巢ʼǲˣҲٴμһ֮Ѿѵ״̬ˡ
Χ۵Ⱥӵʱ˳Ĭ֮У֮γѵؽкãһƬӵ˵ĸоʵ̫ˣ翴쳤ؾãʯã˲سУƺԼҲ˲õõĶ˵ĸж𺶡
ǸˣȻõ˾鹫ĴࡣֵԱߵһС¥Χ۵һһʵ
ɽİɣŶү֪żеһӡʻԱߵһ˱ӵ
̫үѹ֣ѹְһӦ˵ı飬Ҳֻǵľ鹫
ѽѹ֣ѹ־ż壬ԭ׼ңôݵ椶Ŷٸˣ˲𰡣Ҿˣӽ쿪ʼŶپҵż񡣡һ˴Сеغ
Ŷ٣һͻȻȺ˿ʼ
һһ仰ɲǼȼǵ飬뻮һغ
еһ¶ѹԴһ˸߹һ˵飬һͻȻʥħѧԺʱ׷ʱ龰ڿɻΪѧԺľ䱻ѧѧʦǽֵ
Ҫ¶櫼һЦݣĻ֪ʲô⣬ֻǸոտڣһס¶櫵Ŀ顣


551 Զ


¹ʵرУʱǻѩڣ︴յʱڣӹң׺ѿ֦ڣһʵҹ
Ÿۡһ᷿ڣȴżҵŮսִıϢ뽿ĵڷ죬һسĴҹ
С飬ֱ˰һʶţħצȴǲͣ¶ǰһԾӨ飬ˬԵָԲѡ
ǡϲϲ¶ɵסһĲӽظϡ
һֻӱһƬΧͬһⶺŪ嶥˵̺٣漴һסСһߵ
һƬۺ죬оһһ˳ˡ
ڣ¶櫲һҧһļϣɲʱ漴һ£ֻ˫ĵҪˮ촽ţһ˵ķɫһõµ̬
ڴˣѵõۡ
һ¶һŤһ»
зǰڴϿɶôеġһ΢΢һЦϵ
ˣҡи㡣¶櫲֪ΪͻȻЩŤ˵
һһü¶һȤʵʲô⣿˵
ݿǶ˵ԽԽˣΪأ¶һĿӣʵ
ţҺúÿЩ񡣿⼸չصЧһЩ¶ΪͻȻ⣬¶⼸Ȼûʲô仯̬ŮŸ߹סֻԼʱŻָ֮ǰǸÿɰԸС顣
ʱ¶ȴͻȻץһĴַԼϣʵղŲ˵ﳤñ׵ô
һһȻ¶櫣˼תǧأѲ¶櫲Լ뾫Ů֮֮
ոںһõʱǲףһ˼¶櫸Ļ˳ֱҵһκ
һòײŻع񣬼æɱ˼롣Һ֮ĸǱѩࡣ
ضûһ뷨𣿡¶Ӷһ
ҡһʶҪش˵ûСһȴôҲ˵ȥ
ôƯôġҲŲûһ뷨أھɭֵʱмΰҹ𴲳ȥʱȴ׵ζ¶ҧź촽ﷺһƬˮ
һЩңæҵذο¶櫣ԭСͿԼ뾫Ů֮ȴһֱûἰĸ壬ⶼһֽɵĸ飬ܹΥС
¶櫺ۿͣĨᣬһΨпЦѣղŻص࣬ôһվͱˡ
ˣҵС飬ˣҲãҲöײӦе뷨һЩʱ䣬һõġһס¶ɫ˵ȴһʹʱӽնԼЦ룬һлعȥ˺ؿֹܲ¶һˣô˽
¶ֹסᣬʹһʵ˵׵ĸ𣿡
һͫһӦ
ǡҲϲ㣬мҶһ˾֪˼㣬ͬ˼һ㣬̸˼¶Щ㯵˵
һһѵ˵ŮҲԼɾˣôأ¶ΪʲôԼ˵ЩǸԼܣǡһһֿܣвطЩڴ
ʵһֱܼįֻǰһֱûвһֱ׵عذȻȴδҪʲôʲôǲǺ˽¶櫵СһŲ˲䣬
¸ĸģΪԶ뵽ǶŮԼС飬ĳˡһ¶櫵㷢ԼĸĸһƬů
Ժܶ׺𣿾͸һȶһҪǧ򱶣ֻҪֻҪˣ͵֮һܣһԶܡ¶櫵ԽԽᣬ§סһȴԽԽ
һ𾪣ôҲ벻¶櫾Ȼͬ뾫Ů֮䷢ԽĹϵһô׵ؾѾá
ãһĸŮˡһЩ״εķģ˵ǰһúԡһ뵽Լ񴫳ߣתĿڡ
ƺǽ⿪һĽᣬ¶ûɣֻҪñ֪ĸŮһأ
ɱ˵̫磬ȻͬˣҲϲ㡣Ҫ׽Ҳһ򵥵顣¶ЦԺӣмЩЩڴ
һҲ֪ŮԸһʮԵŮӡŲӦе㺣ʵҲ֮ҵѾܹܵļްɡ
һеʱ䡣ֻҪϰദķʽȻһһݡʱֻҪһһоͻˮˡ
ԺҸһ¶΢Ц
ЦôаǲЩ߰Ļ¡¶С죬һϺݺһ¡
һҽһݺݵС飬ûףҡ
¶һСֵһ£ߺߵС
һٺһЦǹأովֵܣڿ飬˵ô죿
¶һƳһСͦصسŭ˫˲Ⱦ˼
¶һſڴϣԲ̵ͦθ߸Ů˽ܵĵطһɡ
˵ף¶תʣ֪һϲػơ
һһͣǰƺ˾Ůǻζ̷ͦΣͲס¶κǰݺݴȥһתĽҹ
ߵһĨص˶գӽֽһ
ǶһСõһͷн졣
ſ֨һԶ򿪣ͷǰһĨ°ӰĿŴ⣬ſߴߴʳ
һһŮ߽佫ŴϣеĺĿŮ񻱡ɴ档
¹׼С㡣ӹפڰƳǵĹס
°ӰתȻͻȻʧ˵ḷ̌ƺڴʱȫӰȡ֮Խӽ뵭Į
ľ̵ͷ˿÷ߺŮӣ°ɣЩҪ
ף½ܿҪΪһͳ˵Ӧô죿ľ̺ޱʵ
ޱһС׻ֵ̿
ľҡҡͷڰ̻Ҳƣ޷ˣƻԶϲϱ仯
ߺߣ겻ҿλȥݼݼϵɴȡ£ľ̡
ҵ飬ܺԼǡľ
С㣬Ӧô죿ʵ
ľһ˿룬ܿСһΣгһŲľʯһܷħż㣬⴫;ʯǿҴԿףǸҸʵģô꣬Ҳʱûȥˡ
ԥؽӹƺҪЩʲôվûʳڡ
ףȳȥЩҪ˵ľװû׵ʣ֧ʹ˷䡣
ʲôݼݼ
ľ̶ݼݼòֱݼݼڣ̲סȵ㵽ʲôôÿαһףıα˿˾Ͷġ
ľĿһŲɱ㡣
ɱ㲻֪ͻòͷ𣿡ݼݼվӣͬһֻĹ
ɱ㲻Ҳɱˡľתͷ
ݼݼһȭͷҧأ߰ͷ˸ʴǵĺ⣬òſڵȻ㣬ҸӿԼҪԸǲǺʹ࡭
žһ죬ľ̺ݺݼݼһ⣬䣬ˡ
ȥ̡ľͬһֻŭĸӣɢѪķ


552 Ůʼݵ


ݼݼܿһ˿Ѫ
һƣҵģһμҵ뿴㵽ԵжҡݼݼͻȻЦȥǵѪת˷䡣
ľЩȻ£˸Ÿӵǻϲʹࡣ
һǰɣľһ̾į

ůҫϣ˻ֱ˯
һݶ˫Ժһʵ飬ţűĿն޽࣬ȻǳڸԵ˼С
ձŭļǻʽˣһЩ۹Ů±ǣձС건ɯΪཫֱʱŮǴ󶼾ۼߣһ֮磬֮ӹζɶĽ
ֻһΨһЩźı˫ˣǻʺȥԭѾܾúܾˣȴѸʲô鷢ŭһ˱ԭСѾͷţ͵ɭֺ㴦ڱչ״̬Ҳ֪⼸ܸܲϻ
ʱԺۼһѹɫ˶Ⱥ²죬ñ˿Ӷˣּ˶ƽʱһǱˣôһǾЩˣ׳һ̥Ҳܵˡ
׵ٶ˵Ҫȥ֡һȥɡϹ㳯ݶһֵ
һؿݺݺ࣬ôһ˹ɫŮһ֣ͬǻҰ
ЩȥɡҿҪԣͲȥˡһЦʲôЦŮ˹ǽһֲһӦ˵ôһˡ
ǣˣǳɡһһ۽ߴߴŸ
Щ˶һǲģżĻӦû˻᲻۾ȥǣǲȥǱ˾ˡһ˲ҵǡҲֻΪĬˡЩŮ˿ûĸʡ͵ĵơ
ү㵹ͦеģǺôڴʱԺһ󺺣ЦƺҪݶ
Ī֣ҪȾƲѣҷԸƲϱǡһЦڹͽ˹ĿʨĪԡ
ʨݶЦˣƲԴǣţ֣һȸʹ졣
ʨ˵ŴӿռָһӰڳʮ̳ƺһڵ¾ƲˣĿ̳͹һͨȻһھЦϴγүİٻǾƵȷ㴼񣬻ζֻǾƲңүǵúִӰŪ
һҲؿ̳ˬţڡ
ǹҺȹҸؾƣǾ۹ʹеĺ꣬Ѿ˸⣬Ļݣǿϧһζ˵ΨһһֿͬİٻᲢ۵ơ
ĸߣ̸Ũȴͻű
¶ˡһһϲҲ˲úȾƣһֱʧݶʵ
ţ֣үȥˣֵܽźȱǡʨЦ
ţ౾׷ȥһٶ̫죬һۣԼȥ񲻰ǣҲʨ
һ˱ϣŲԶƽ۹ҳӣʮķǽ̻Իͣݻǧ͡
ԽԽˣѾͷĿʱϵĽһ죬һ˫龫ֵ۾س
㣬ҿǽϵؽˡӵСת˷ܵ
𣿡һŮװſԼɺҲסˣ뿪˹
һĿǿ鶯۾ϵЦݲıûҲߣб
ʱã϶⿴ȥȴֳǽûһӰӡ
ѾͷƬӣƭңҲƨɡµһۣջϲһ
¶Ҫ˭ƨɰʱζһ£ŵͳЦһǻЦõʵ


553 һ


¿ǰЦһлѣѱ࣬ΣǰŻסĲӵһ
𣿡һҡţ
šӦһƺŻ񫣬ֱһ˫סһһ󱦱ϡ
һϣγ֫ģƺôҲֲӤס¾µǷۺ˵ĺ촽һȥ
˾ĩȣɲһһ±Щƣһ߿ȵһ߻ڶԷ̽ƺһʰ̬֮
㣬ǾͲһ𣿡С˽Լ˿Ȳ˶ԽԽ𱩣̲ס
´Ӽѹʱңɫ̺죬üĿĴˣ⸱ģ˵ü˭µЩʲô顣
С㣬ͳԴˣڽøˡ²ŲæشһһһЦ
һЦȲһУСԴʵŲȥǰĵϢΧ
ʹˡͻȻν˽̧ͷһ˿о˽ܴһӲĹӡ
һЦֲ̫࣬ղźôһ֣ܲСʱ䷢òСƨɽ״ظҲľ߹ģˣôȥСֵܸ۾ƣˡ
μһЦȴǱ䱾ԲĹĵСƨɾµĥȻЩ۵ȴС촽벻Ҫ
ֱ̬һѪڡԴ󷢣־һԵĿɿڴɶʱôṴˣҲ֪Ѿͷѧġ
һͦεСץץȻסһߣȻ޲ѾͷʱΧۡϿ쵽ŸˡڻƵֵز
ʱӱ㵽ŸۡǰõϢŭһȺĸڵȺԿ۹ڽӴһˣȻϱϾϵݻ۹ŮʣҪڿٲá

ҹɫǵĴСȴ֣ǵҹѾܾûֹ»ʵǻٽ½÷ӿԵʣӴ󷱻ĳѾɲ˶˿ڣ½һŵʱľ񣬸֮ദõҲǢ
ʱŸۡһ¼սŵĳ˵Ľ˷൐Ůڷۺƹҫɢҵɫʡ
ЪѻΪһˮ̱һУأ̬ˣıźһʥ˷ػ档
Σ²ŴӸ߳лع㼵ذſһϣ۴ˮһָһϻȦȦ
¶ûԱҪҪιһΡһḧǱõسлҪķ۱˿ָм˵߶ԡ
Թĵذһһۣһϲ˲䣬Ӧʲô𣿡
һһüͷ˼Σεҡҡͷ
غݺһһ£Ӧ˼ҵսһ͡͸˼һġ˵꣬齿ߣȴɢΪĸĿԣΪһŮΪŮΪޣΪĸΪĸһŮ˴ﵽȫ֮ԵøӼˡ
ôһ˵һˣʵ뷨ֺֹһˣӦйȲ½һ˱Ҫӡ⴫ڽӴ鶫Ҳ֪ٻˣӲҪȥһǲ⣬ҪȻôĶϱôһӶûأ
òĺҪһΪҺҡҡһ
ãȻҪΪһŬǿɵöಥֲСһµЦҲʱԼĺˣ½ȶ֮Ҳ໥˵ԼѪҺһҲһЩˣΪû׵ĸء
ǻʲô¼һӦϲֱӽƵѹϣûһٴδ˵þöɢ
÷ȵı³˯˹ȥһȴ˯⣬žҹ׸棬ĩӣʱȻٷ磬߽Χƣ۵ĶŮǸǰˣһػŸס
֪һ߷һĨҸЦ⣬漴ԼĶͷǱµĻӰˣҲǻ׷
һŵ˷š
ҹˮѽʱ֣˴ҹھ㷹ѽ磬ǽԿɼ
һϰԵطݶԼһ˵磬꣬ӻֵ̿ٵ룬ڼ侭һмֱһ㣬еʱܻԼǷΣһʵΡǰ˵̣ܶǲˣͽһЩԼģ
ÿң嫵ǿգһһСĸо̫̫СЩνããҲһȽϴĳɡ
һƣƺ뽫еǳץУǷһƯɫΪ
ͻȻһϤҹƮһƣþŮЦ
Ů£˯𣿲һѾΣһЦû뵽ʱе;ŮһĻᣬϲ쳣
Ůŵһߣôһ﷢ղʲôأ
һϷһӿռָͳƱһٻֵ׶˶Ц˯ţһЩȽµ⣬浽жΪʲô磬ΪʲôŮ֣֮ΪʲôͷǵŮһ˺ˣŮ˺Ů˾Ͳһ𡣡
ҲֻŻЩ߰⣬˻ÿľˣαӹأŮЦ˵
ľУֻҪģڲ˺˵Ƿ׿ºأһһĿƵضžŮ
ŮžƱһ˼


554 


û˵ºôܲأŮһڱƣ˵
أȥ֪һƿĿ⣬ңǿ
֪˺ѾɣôͷŮƺһ˿
¶櫲ܵ˺෴֧֡һͷ˵
ŮһɲʱӿҲɵΪң⻵С⻰ʲô˼ѵ˵¶Ĳ͡
Ҳ֪˵ʲôһˡŮԺҵͷ׳˿ֻһ˾һ
һץסŮҲ֪ĵӣȻһе˾Ů򾪻Ŷ촽ƺһ͵ϮŮҧѪ³
ϴĴкһͷҵ˱ţ˫ѽŮȫ§˻С
Ůȴɵһ޷ӦԺһƬհףƵؿһʱ侹һ§Ƕû
һħצ̰Ĳ˾Ůͦθʵ壬ŮɲǾѡݺƿһһƱ˹ȥ
һۣѾ׼ܾŮŭ𣬿ɰΣԤеĶⲢûн١ۣþŮᣬƶڰգŸ
Բҡ
˵ˡûдҡŮһĻΪһâʧݶͽЦεһһյоƣľƱ
һʱҲǺڲѣ֪鼱ģȴƫƫƲסǿصãԺĹϵ޷άˡ
ǵشʥҲΪʱ򰡡ʱһƵ٩ԹһԶ
һһͣȻסľһϮڽĴã㷢ɢ䣬վڰ֮
һϵرȴᡣСǰߵĽȴңԶңԶһĴʹΪƾԼصİԼʵȴһԸ뷨жôĿЦ
֪кܶҪңɡľĵ齩˽άֲסÿնĮ
һǰһڳǽɽϣʱѾӭ˵һ⣬ϼѤȾŵƽߣµˬس硣
Ϊʲôãһڣʹںڰʿµʿ̲סڵѪΪزǱˣḷ̌˱ֻŭȴ顣
ûΪʲôľ̵˵ӳųϼһƬĻ档
һǳ鴤һ£תݺסľ̵°֮ͣӡ
ңô뺦ңпԵġһɳʹŤ
ľҧݣ˫޷һʹ޶ԣûʧвѵĿȴʲôҲû˵Щעģͬ˵Եף˿꣬˿మͬ˿жԣ
ңɱҰɡľͬɳƵ۽ǻһˮ
֪ɱġһָľ̵飬Щ
ܣûɱң⡣ḻ̌۾ͷһס°͵ĴĲ
һĴһоľĲԼΣȴһֹͣ
ãľʪ˫һĺɲǼ类׻һ˵ᣬֻ
ľȴ޷Ƶرˮһ
˽־ޱȼ֮˿ȴʧصطӵǣؼҪֻǷйһѾҪ
ѷ׷ɣɽݵľϷ֫סԷڶԷҷǣؿھǶԷµӡǡ
ڣһͣϢ̫ѴӵƽâҫɽԻŮϣԵôϺãһ˿뷨
ԣһӺôĵϣһӲԣϣ±ӣԸңҲҪҡḻ̌۾һؿڣɢҵ㷢΢ƮȴԵ
ʱԭսҹҲ͵һȴ˳˯֮УȾỺǴһ˿Ц⡣
̫룬ľ̴һؿֵǾһ˿ѪһؿڣȴһƵıǡ
ľģճն˯ŵһĳһɢأͬһ˵Ů
Ұ㡣ľŸһһǣȻ̤İûԶ
̣ʱһؿڹŵһɫӿʼɢ͵Ĺâһϸ
С˯ŵһͻȻૺС֡
һ͸粣ӣһͷѩ׷ĳСƮڰգעһ˫ƺڶ˵ʲôȴһһʲô
ССү㡣һС֣һߴһ߳ȥȴԼȻڴ𣬿ȴʲôҲȻܣƺȴԽԽԶ
Ȼһ䣬һƺƮڰ֮ˣ·糱ĳУǲԽԽǡַǷѤħڿ̻һ˸
ţһԼԼһɲǣΧĳȫʧˣֻһɫĹϣͺ;֣ϾǵѪƺһ̱㱻ߣһɲı顣
ôôһͷȻһӵ
һ»ˣɽϸһ£ͷ価Ǻˮеľȴѷ翡
һḷ̌һȴǽֵʱȴˣֻŸղľ̵ĶԻͷһС
ǰԼģһóôһۣȥأԼܷټһ̾һҡҡͷ£ȴȻԼؿһƬĽɫƲ״ͼ
֣ʲôһһ£ִƽӦѾ뼡Ϊһ塣
룬һѽʱ쵽ˣŵһ
ֻǸոմܵգһȴܿƵͻҴܣرǵﴦһ㣬һӿһͷ¡


555 ߲


һ´󾪣ͣͣİʱǿҵͻƷӦñǰκһͻƶҪѸ͡ڰϣһ޾飬ΪǰҲ͵㣬׵ͻҪôʹ࣬ڵļʵЩֲ
գôʱ򡣡һЩȵؽڰɽоҪˣյĸоʹ಻壬ǿʶҲ紦ȸµ֮м尾
ϵܿ컯ΪҽƮɢȥһ¾ðڰֲ̣֮ɲǼݻƵлϵɳʯʼڷ죬ǷڵƺҪһжڻ
һȫľھΣһһͣʶиһѾ޴ںݺûʹƫƫѣʶΪļʹҪܹڿǰܵЩ˴αֱС׼ס
ƾһ˿һý鲼һ磬ͨͨٻػ⣬֪ÿͻƵĹؼʱ̶ݲһʧɢʣ
۵ĽâһؿڵؽɫƲӡĵʶΪһߡΥһͷӨӨתɫĹâ
ʧ֮ǣڰռ䣬Ǻ̶еĺڰ֮صͻȻâһΪΡ
ӡһвǿ󰡡ɳƵڴĻص
ʱһѽʹļޣϾҪʱҼһ´ӴҲҪΪһ׳ա
ȫȻڲֹһؿڵĽȴԴԴϵؽӴڣڵôһ䣬Ũһѹ
һľһ岻ϵش䡣ʹ֮ԽԽͣľһôʶؽѹʹܶԽԽֻټ͵ƵشȥбըʱܶٴҲб͵ʱ
ڡһ͵˼ޣھһδ֮ͺը˿
ֻź¡һ챬ƣһܶȾ˵ѹһΪ˷ɢ˲֧飬ɳһһһ޴һڶؾһζԶȺɲǱڵءнϵħһ顣˶ΪϮ
ãʼĩŷָոǴըԳǽĸɽǱȻɳա嵽׷˺¡
ʱѵصسפȻٳǱ߳ȥٹǲ۵ĵǻʽʱ̿ɳһ顣οǴըǽǷǻ֪Ҫء
ǧʿϵĿɿڴǰһɽΪƽأʯ֦ôһɽҪ֮ħܰ쵽ɡ
ʱһ߿ԵХӸ߿մ֮÷ת͸ŨصʿŴһӰȫɢϹâһѾ޴ľ޴˿˿â֣װʲôأ
ǳСĪѳԽ񼶣֮⣬ĽݼϸǵĽĽݲͻȻڿռ䶨סΣȵĴЩɻ૵
ֻʮ֮⣬ʦıͣŷŵϤϢ䵭Įһ˿
ʱһȴһХ֮ϵضڿУȻڵǧʿʵڷӣȫΣȵȴӯȫŹתʶеֶһɫħˣϲͣתֻϵħԪĩתΪħˣߴƳϵˮϵѵ塣
߲㣬ȻԽͻƣһЩˣһһɵͬ죬Խ棬ÿһĲ඼ر𣬴˺Ҳýϵħˣͻƺǰһֱ޷ϵװ
ո뵽⣬һϵװһΪһâڣʶеɲǱЩ
һعͻȻֵǧʿŴʹԼ壬һֿڣӿռָͳһ·ϱƮȻ¡
μүǧʿϥعһھӱźܸߵһֵ˵ʹĴ棬˫ӪܵĴ棬ʱһָһɽҷоη
ţû£͵Ƿģȥɡһڰֵ
ǧʿȥһȴһƨһʯϣһصǽ巢ɵģ˵ǰҲԺƽһɽͷҲֻСɽˣǺǧ׶ĸɽȴͻʱйƽˣܲԾ׵ٶɳɨƽɽͷҲһ롣
ļӰӷгȴһСޣһǱ㱻ڵصס
ء޲سһһĳ
һ޹ʼ磬ͻȻʲôƵ½󣬿ؿڴǶɫƲӡǣԼ֮ԽͻƾӡǵĹЧоԼȵһ˵ĸоƲӡľ̸Ūϵģʲôأ
̳ɢȥҲ»ָ򣬴ʱŭŭŰԱ壬ǧӰĻ³˶ţҪʮӭӿʤ֮ʦ
һ£ӹŭĶϡ
סһŭ
ͻˣŭž췭ظ仯Ķӣип֣ʤЩİżϲ˶̵ʱ£뵱ֻһżӻ޷ӵܣ˺ȴʵ⣬˾Ӣۡ
ǵģסһеļƽȻЦ
ããȹΪλ㣬һܽż巢չ塣ŭοһļԼûʽλھ͵Ҫλˡ
һһ࣬ҲʵۣԸҪģνɽؽɽѣɲ뽫棬ڵش²롣Ȼɲô˵ͷӵ壬ڻλϴʮʮӦûɶ⣬ʱѵĶӶɳץһϲˣ˶üӿ̲С
ţһѵ˿⽨ʮֳͤʤͤΪʵӭӿ֮ʦĳҲΪͱӭѵĳ


556 游


ӳŵʮ̶ͤʮ·ۼʮˣɫɫ嶼УǶ뿴꣬ʬжѪʦжô䣬뿴£ΪĽŮݵĵʹǺģ
һֱͦϣԶֵһĨߣŴнؿʼҲȻؼ
ôŮ֮УҪ˵һмǱǱĪһŮ֮Ϊսűƺû֣һһʱԺֳָǰҧһ߰СԴžǿɵСѾͷ
Զĺ߷ƽγһ񲻿ɵĺɫ˳ѾԶԶܿͷӸ߸ƮĴ죬Ǻڵ׽ߣɷ˫֣Ȼ£֮Կĵбŷɥ˫Ӫ
ף˫Ӫ˫ӪȺ֮УһʮİС˷ܵسԱ߸׵䣬˫¶ȵʣν˫ӪϽҲȻе˶õʿ˫ӪõĽҲ˫Ӫ֮У󲿷Ϊ˴γĽǴ˫ӪײһģرϹˣ˱ܰԡ˵һ
ӰȹбȥɡλָֻֻͷĴӵԴǴӰսµϱۼʶ˫ӪѪǿԸһԼĺܹΪеһԱ
ԽԽֻ˫Ӫźɫһɫĺɫÿһƥ֮ļ϶һ¡ĩѪȳƱӭип
˫Ӫһһѵȫܱ֡Ϊɷĳ棬ΪΪͰķΣȻǸǱɱСģϮŴǲڻ¡
ͷзֳһΪŽѪ磬һСϹ󡣴ʱϹٷտɱȣһؿڵСƨ˸˸񲻿ɵ֮档
һΪë壬˵ܰԡһȴɫ˧ۣ䵭Įı
һһɵաĿԣһֻĸо˵˼Ѷѻ̫̫á
׷һģ䵭Įı鿪ʼڣǷһĨ˾޵΢Ц

ŵ㣬ѻһ߳ƵĵʹһŮ˰ҸɵĻУ͸ϣΪ֮һõĽԡ
һΣϣԶҲҪ̾ϢૣĽëţʮʱıѲٽֻһŮˣһŮˡ
һʵΣǻ䣬βѣֻţȻӭһֻءһűķ۱ƺǶΪ˵ܽᡣ
һֻϣҲμ㡣һ
ģһᡣһĺͻȻǰСߣģ˵Ӱֻ˫紺ȻһһֻأôСֻصĸأ
Ҳ֪˭ʶʱš
ҪڹȥһˡϹܿ
һţϹܿͷƺĲӡ
ܿͽϤһ£͡һЦϹܿСݺݺ࣬ʲôʱͬߣսҹǲŽҸ
һеŭ鷿Ŷø׽ڣС޺ȴȵ뽣ŷ졣
ףүүˣһʵǰŷһֱұչԼүүʱرдһʡ
ˣŷ˵үүϾͻˡŭͷɷࡣ
ŷţһؿ˿ŷ裬ƺǲ̫ϰߣСöŷء
ʱҲˣǽȥɡŷǣ޺޵֣شҽ롣
һվʯǰֻŷڴأº͵Űϵſип֣һת۶ʮҴҶţǶˡ
ʱʯſƤ˲Ϊһ϶˵ڲһ
ſ۾գգɢͫ׽۽еӰģ
жΪ̫û˵ſ˻ƣ޶ãЩǰŷ衣
ŷһжСʦ֮⣬ֻǰ뷢԰׵ͷʸôһʱ˼תǧأ
סŭ붫ǰػ
ſתתһŭĿ΢΢ЩӣĶǸʮ㣬â¶СӴʱ˫޻ףͬһɣ߰
үүүүƹѪһǰҲſӦץסֽ룬ʱһѴ߲㣬ȴﵽһµĸ߶ȣССͨЧ
һһ֣ſ˶һԾ˴Ҳ˲ôųţʯŤȵػ
ҵããһžҲ㰡ſһôһŪɳƵҲʮ㡣
һٺһЦҲ֮ƾʵܹװһСȻûԹ񴸵ıҲǼģڴʲô̶ȾͲö֪ˣҸʱһء
ףҵŮſһԵȻվŵ޺ޣòʳ˼̻Ϊȡ
Ů޺޼үү޺ǰһ
޺ޣſһƳһŭתͷЩȻŷ衣
޺ЩȻүү֮ôôķӦ
ŷſߣһ̾ڵʮˣЩҲ˵ˡ
ʱ֮ǰ˵޺޲żѪ飬ͷЩţµĻǱԼ֪ô룿ɹϵһ˵ϡ
񲻰ŭ䣬ŭȴסӵСֽ˽ʾοƺ֪ʲô
硣޺ЩŵؿһȻ֪ʲô£֪һԼйء


557 Ե


ſ̾һ˿̲޺ޣŽĿ˶ϱϣڵŭȷ˵ΪԼûн¸κˣ¹Ǩ˷ǣ˵Ҳʲô˵飬ʵ
˵ɣʵ޺ҵŮŷſĻЩ޺ޣһֱʥħѧԺĬĬչȴһֱڿˡ
ˣ޺ҲˣŭֻǿЦȻԴˣһҲ˲²Ե̫ȡ
ܵģôǡ޺һʱЩ޷ܣץסһΨһеĵԴȪ
Сãģŷô˵һ§ס޺޵ļ
ŷſĶԹ𣬻ôʮǰǸ˵
ʱſŶʮ꣬Ӣ׿뽣ʦĶ壬һǵ֮ķΪ۹һĵӣſҲŴ汲ŵĻãþƺýŮ
ӢˣǳɾͲټѻʱ޹ڲˮϵħʦҶ㱻²ż岢ŭ֮½ڲŮĩϡ
һΣſʶĽĽݲ֮ǰԭɼµı˿ԭʲôط⣬¶°ٶ֮µſΪżļ̳ˣϱҲ٣ڱԭҲŵȥ߹ʺ˷ϵټ׷ʮڵȵ˿ɵɼʱȴϮ¶˱⣬걾ܻõڱԭȥ
ֻȴ漣ڼɥͷŷɰ㽵٣һϢſӹŹ˻ʱŷŷУ˫ʮ껪˼¡
ŷ˱ˣҲΪʥޣʹ
Ĺ±֪ˡһӢ̸²׵үһѩɵŮǸɲһһʰ
ʱҲŷеʦڱչأٯٯһ𣬴ùأԧ졣ֱӽŷſӳ˱ԭ
˭֪ŷſȣʲôȥ뷨跨˵ͨλʦð˱
֮ſطŷвûҸ졣Ϊֹ߲һŮˣĸܵ˴رǿҹŮ˷Ƹ꣬ԼֱҪˡ
ŷ£ſֻ̹߲һŮˣŷȥѾ˻ɫ塣
һʧǵľˣڲ½ôûأȻʼɱ˲ˣԲȶգٺҲˡڣһα͵Ϯʱ˵ۿҪۣȴһ·ƽʹƾȳ֮޴ȥ
ճҹãŷжһ⼸ָм޸Ϊһӡ
ƽô˶ʮ꣬ҲȢϱŷΪӾͻôƽعȥֱ
ʵһ֤ķ޳֪ҵΥΪΪջҪйͨͨɱŷôԼȥƴȴҲûбסӵֻеʱϱǡɻӹһ١
ѵŷ֪ʦ֪һҵϱɱ϶ϱȥѰſΣʱΨһ뵽ˡ
˵Ҳɣ;ſȴҲͬʱ׷
ſ֮ҲǱĶ֣ŷпధñˣǹ治Υøջеŷжϱסż壬µĺҲΪżˣϣŲΥ档
ſΪ˶Ŀ޺޵׸ŭʵС檡ŭ˵ŵԣҲЩԹԱ˵ǲᾡʲô׵Σ˲źֵĶΨһŮŲʵĽ
ԣŷֻĬĬԼŮ֮ϡʱ˿ðŴΥ˵ԣҪΪ޺޵ҸÿŮΪ࣬һֱΪŲðˣŷ絶ǡ˴λᣬҲ˲ôˡ
һһһôҲ벻ľ˸ӣŷүү侹Ҳһκҵĸ
ʱ޺޴͵£˿ŷ裬ҧҧת˳ȥ

ɽ֮ϣ죬޺޾ôشӰϡ
ͻȻһ˫ִӺһӵϣһ𣺡ҹˣˣһȥɡ
磬һ𣿡޺ްסһĴ֣תͷЩ
һͷ޺£޺Щ㯵̾ؼ磬ͷԼļϡ
磬ĲףΪʲôᷢϡ޺һϺŵϢ˵żʮС㣬ͻȻһ˸ǣһжǼٵģʵԽܡ
ÿ˶ÿ˵е˾ͱȽ۶е˾ͱȽƽȣܶ޷ıģȻ޷ıôֻȥܣȻܻ֣ᷢڲͬҲһʱĲƸһ˵ŸԵĻ￪ʵԼҲôһ˸УΪŷүүĹһʶĸо
ҵģҵģ۾ҵģҲҵģҵģЦҲҵģҲ׼㡭УһǰֳǸֱŵŮ
֤ҶôŬҪ㣬ĸԸý̻ʱУȻ޷㣬˵ҲҾǰҰ磬Ұ㡭ܰĸһλصһĶߡ
һ𶫷ܰһʹؿڷƣ޷
磬ôˣ޺޼һɫףĻ˵Լæһ߸һؿڰ˳һ߽ŵʵ
û¡һһ̾˵ŷүү֮źĻô֮ܰȴԶҲ޷ֲʹŷүүطˣܰȴ
ʱһͻԼһαһϤϢΧ棬ĵ˸оȥ˴롣
һһ˿ռָȴȵһ￴һСĹ񣬻ɢϢ


558 ۷ʱ


һСйһСתӨâ˺ģ֪úβɣҲ֪ǺʱĿռָ
磬ǡ޺޼æǼ룬ڲ½ĵ˹ڽ֮⣬κεط˽ղغ͵̡
ңҲ֪ⶫôܵҵĿռָǳ˾ɡһʼ˵ܸ࣬оϢʶ
ôţһеĹͻȻ׹һʧˣһѰңԶ˿ռָ
һаһνӿռָŲ˳ǻûһԶȥˣ˼֮һҲûģԲȥˡ
磬ĻԼ𣿡޺ʵ
˭֪أҿռָʲôҲ˵ȻȥҿɵооһЦ˵ʵѾ񲢲򵥣ΪγֵǰοϢǳϣпܾʶ
ĳ֣޺嵭ˣȡ֮ǵػʱȴ뵽ĲżѪôͶ֮ҲͲˡҲ˵֮пܡ
뵽һ㡣޺޵¶һ˿΢ЦüĿ価Ƿɡ
ȥ·ϣ޺һߣ˭Ҳû˵ֻôһȴ޺޾㣬Դ󵨵Ŷǰôء
ǣ޺ͻȻסһĸ첲ʵ磬ǲ֪Ҳã
šһͷҲ
滵Ȼ֪Ϊʲôңҡһ׼ûС޺ɹһĨϼ㽫ԼǵС˼˵˿ڡ
ǲ֪ôڡΣԶĶ硣һЦ
޺ȴǽŲһ̧ͣ۵һҲҪҡ
ʱͻȻһǿҵӰڿд֡ٶȿֻõƬƬӰ˻еִ磬йڲµˡ
򶷣Ǿۼ˴ȺֵˣǶʮֺ棬ʱڿд򶷶Ƿֹ˵׻˭
ĸһ̶ðһεҡҡͷƤ϶ʮֿƵû£ȺСС¥ǲŽң׵ٶɳħĹȴôҲ̧ۡһԲ;Ͷ֡
硣ȥȰȰǰɣֻġ޺˵
һͷСĸ˵ػ߷磬ǵýѵѵǲɣǻΪĵ̡
ûУס֡һͳȵ
˷ĩţԽԽ졣
дһһӲزŮм䣬ִųһһһΪʹ
ŮȻֹ
һ߲ͻȻֵ²̫ԾȻһĸоһȻֱַŮʵظϣŮŭó˵
ʧ󣬴ʧһһٺٸЦ֣ͻȻһ̵ˡ
ҪܣҪɱ㡣ĸܻشУղŻ˰˴ʱȴǳһ׷ȥ

ʱһζգ۱㵽ʮ壬Ҳŭǻӡ
ǵĻʹѾɣҲʣһӶӽ۾شѲߣ̫๬Ůæת
ʹǿʮ׵Ŵ󿪣һʵ̺ӹ̵ֱĽǵϣһѩ׼۵ļڵǰŲ֪ʹһƬϲա
ͬ׷ڻʹоλԤʾһͳһʱĿʼ
Ʋ£ʹҫý̻ԻͣȻǵĹôһеȫվǵϡ
ʵۼᶼڽнУŭļʽȴĵڻʹڽУ̻ᾹȻûз˶׷ײ²һٶǲʲôĺ塣
ȷʵʽڻʹоһҪأҪ𲽽̻еӰͣȨΪ½ϵĴڡ
ǵУʥϺͿŽ׸߹ļۻ߳ȻⳡʽɡʵںܾǰλļʽǱɽֵ̻ģŹ̻еӰﵽ£̻ʱһĴڣһصɴǲ׳ǰģһļʽҲڵصĹ֡
Ҳŭļʽ̻ûгҲûʲôɣʥĳ˶֪˹̻ͦżľģǵȻ֪Ľ̻Ѽȥˡ
ŹĽһŵУŭĻ߳
ΰĹϣʵͽʥ뿪ʼǧƪһɵϵ棬߳ζ˻˯
һ˸ǷһƳۣѳ̫ϻʵſһĽݲ˵ʲôĴûעȥմ֡
벻ôȥһ㶼û䣬ľȻôſĻ
ǿոζһ㣬ƨɱǰԲˣĽݲۡ
׶ţ˭뵽еλϼһôȻںʥͷβ
żʲôͷϽǹǹһȲ֪˭˭ӡһ
⡣ȻͷòԾһͷһٺٻЦˡ
ͷһ죬Ҫѵˣ֪֪׵һôǡ
ͷӣ˵ϺͿղŮ𣿲ǵСֶûǣɡһüײײĽݲҲûûСˣҲͷ
С֪ƨĽݲһһۡ
СӿеѾͷʦ
ұ죬˵ҾͽǰȫԺǰô̧ͷſĩ˵꣬㱻Ľݲݺݵشв
һٺһЦԭĽݲϲ츾Ȼͬˡ
ʱϺͿ߳ĵڽˣŭͷʥˮȻִʹڴȥҲʾŭ˳سΪ˲ۣҲʾżȨ۷塣


559 㵽յ


յ֮ڣɫħƹ뵵ĹΣڵϵһδͷâէ漴ȥֻһƺߣһں֮ڵӰίҵڵأһǵŮȴЦŻ˻ħʯ
ݼݼǸʲôС飬֪ʲôġ׾ŭ뵽ݼݼҲڰطһʱĵ
ߣû˿ħʯһӶȥˣ˵ٲʧ磬ҽǺǰ׻˵㡣ݼݼһ漴ƵĿЦ
ݼݼȰʱڵıȻ㡣򾲵ĵȴǷŶԲߣŮһǷǳµġ
ڣľݼݼֵûк֣ΨһڵıôһЫĽ㡣ݼݼŤ
Ҳ׻ػݼݼǰ£Ŀռָҳľ̽״ȥš
ҵҪǼдЩʲôǲǵһȥ㽫һҴݼݼȥżϵķӡſֽϸϸĶԽԽ԰ףһŵģ
һֽݼݼл䣬Ҳʧȥһƨ˵ϣáҲ֪ʲô
áݼݼʼعվ⿪׵ĽƣȥֹǸŮˡҪˡ
ݼݼ˵һܳĹ׻һ½ǣɻؼϵżһʱɫ䣬ų˳ȥ

ʱǻʹոսʽسʮֻ𱩣Ĵ黶Щһɫżһϵϵ֮ǰվϼһϵѱϴһɶżλҲǵȨһ
֮»ŭݽͣ䣬ɿĵݽ·һĩ׳ͼֱ̼õѪڣ޲÷ԼһԱ֮ܿ»ĩٱ濴ˡ
ȻҲٲֲΪǱ滹ģʽүΪ̫үһ֮һʹսһ㽫̯һӣԺļ̳ԼĶȥԼͿЯô
̫ү㵽ûҵļƻС건ɯΪ֮ףһɧŵû»ʵ˵Ҫ̽һǰķչ˭֪ɫ֨֨һȻ״ֵȴͣǽɽ׸ģư
ôûأС갡̫ˡʽһҸû˵ĵطϸأ̽һΣţڹԹԵءȲҪôһĩ䣬ϸؽСֱò
ΧΧͬò绨ĺŮ˵ĶԻͿЦ鵹һѧʮʮѾﵽɽ治ɫؾ硣
Ҫˣ˿ˡСֻȣӿˣ⼸ȴһֱ޻ᣬ˵ʲôҲŹˡ
˿ģ㿴ЩѾͷථ£վλýܿؽǶȶˣ⽻صİɣСɫꡣһЦţħצȴ紩СȫдŪצӿӰˣڳԶռⷽҲﵽӵľˡ
Сɧȥ¾͵óˣ⻵һǵ죬Ҳٶ룬޹ǵһ˫ȼһ󸧶һˬûɾʱȴһʹ֡
Ҷˣ򡭡С괭ŴΣһֻȴһ󱩵Ķֱŵһ亹ֱ
һƣСյһǰ̫ӣʽôɣ
ôɣҪһаػЦСһС˲ҪյذһһۣȴȻҧ˵ͷ
ﵽĿģһҲɧݷݵؿϿԼĸ鼤ܵشˮüëӶһһģ緢ģǰء
ͻȻ䣬һԤ׵ش˹ߵĻݶƮոջյһӱ̫Ʋǡ
һһüվո𱣻ȫ˫ӪʿҲ˲Ծ׷׾£Χ˵ǰħʦѾȫ̿
·ҲǸԾ䣬۷׷ף˵˫ӪˣǱиƣµһǿ˫ӪĪĸһǿ֮Ƶ壬ʥ룬˭⵱ͷɱأ
ţƲҲתڡһ紵ϸܵذɫѩ
ѩˣô˲ŵشСѹȥҲů紺ľѿʻʢô˵ͱأ
ɴתҲֻ˲ѣѩ˵ۡ
ȻһϸӰԶƮƺʵ켫ҲһĹѷٻʹϷ
̡һȴľ̸ûһһ֣Ŵ֮ϵŭ˹ȥ
ݡ˴θ˫Ӫ𰲷Ϲһŭ𣬿һǿȵĽ磬ӳֹħȳƮȻľ̡
ৣ͸ľ̵壬Ǻܿ˱㷢ľûһ˺ۣȻƵƮ·ոЩеֻӰѡ
С۵ſĽݲŷ軹Ͽʥŵöüľ̺谭ش͸ħʦµĽ磬潣վһŭȥ´󺧣¶ľ̳ȥϿյĹҲ֮ӳϮ
һüĲʶеķͣʹűʥΧḷ̶ֳ̌ȵعҲѡ
ֻʱ޿̵ط£ľ̾Ȼֻ΢΢һͱж糣鶯ĩ䣬Į߰سֽƮɣĽݲŷǽʵÿռ䶼ŤĽƶʹ˷Хع
һͷһȻòãľ˵ƽƽȥٶһǼʶģֻһֱһΪֻٶ޵Եʣʱֹ״ȴ֪ľ̵ʵƽʱֵ˵Ȼܴ򲻹ˣֻҪԸ⣬ûܹҪ
ʱײḷ̌ȴ˲䱻һỬ˳ȥʱľ̵Ľŭһס
˶ֹͣ˺ѲոλزڵһϻλҪ䣬˭ܲôĴ
ҪҸסһһһ㵭⣬ǺؼµѵؿԼظһľ̴ȥ
ʵŭܣͶˣʶޱѵģȴ·һ㣬ֻؿľǵĮǰŴ
ľ̡һĵ˸һɫľ̵ĺ󱳡
һо˽еĸоҫĵ鲼ľȫľеȴһŭࡣ
ľ̻عͷһЦ˿˿Ѫеĳһ󲨶ҷ𣬶һŭѹԼܶˣĿڣȴһ㴴ڶû£·ûлơ
һҰףն˫ɿ񽣣ĵغľؿðĽ⣬Ѫ·Ⱦͨ졣
ҡ˵ɱҵġֻһˡľһ飬ʱ˿̣ûαҲûƣеļͨͨȴʣµֻʵԼ
ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôһǰס̱ḷ̌ҵشָҪסѨȴ԰ĵѨʧȥ˹ЧҪסȴ©˲š
򡭡ΪϷĹʧֻһʼ֪ҾúˣҲҸľ΢Цסһ֡
һ㡭һˮ۽ǻ䡣
ϣֱյ㣬Ϊһᰮ㡭յ㡭ľ̼ѵЦţˮɽһƻõŤһƽһȻľ̵վӵģ


560 ӻ֣ټ֮ʱ


һľ̵Ữ͵絶ʰʹǰĺܱӦ֪ľͬһˣ̫֮ɺϣֻ֪Σûа취ֹš
𣬰ƾճڲ࣬ľһȴͻȻеظܵıˣ֮䣬ƺĳϵ
ľһһСʧȥƺʱɡ
ҪҪ뿪ҡһҡͷϴſ־壬ˮ޼ɵشۿ䣬ĵмҪƷ衣
ľ̵ʶѾʼɢĿģ·صƣˮĹȣ滨ݱأŻԻͲõ¸ҵǡǣɵĴ֣ׯǰ£Ļ빲벻
㡭һĺԶһ¹ݼݼӶ޺Żӿʿ嵽ǰ
ݼݼľƵһץһĵݣסݼݼ
ſңĻ쵰ݼݼ˦һĴ֣кâ֣סľѪֹشڡ
ӹȥѪȴʼ޷ȫֹס
ݼݼͷ󺹵ֹͣʩԳһ˿ƣߵİһǲǽӡǸ㣿ҪȻ㲻˵Ϊ޵ذҲһ¶ûС
ӡǣһͻȻ뵽ʲôƵĳ½󣬱ؿǶѤĽӡǡ
ȻˣɵݼݼҲǰħɣĺݵĽɵ¡
ڴʱ֮ϵһϢľ̲ɴ󾪡۾ݺݵصһ
ҪΪˣ㽫ϵĽγݼݼһ֮ǵˣĵȴֻŨŨıˡ
һҧɫγһѪݼݼźâְϣһһŽ齫
һ񴸻ΪɫֻƮڿУûû䡣ԺһƬҵ˼ҡ
Զŭ˵ĵߡ޺޼ŮҪοȴĽݲȳס
Ҫȥŭ㰲˶𴦰ɡǡϣŮû²źáſ̾һԸصתǼĴϲ벻
ܿ죬ǵϾֻʣһףԼ֮ڵľ̽á
һڵǰ̨ϣؿʯϣô꣬ǵһθеᣬȻҪܲס־ѹ¿ҪýŮ˭ܳܵס
СûŻȥһߣŭܸܵһеʹࡣ
ҲףΪʲôһ԰૵
Сʱ˾Ѿźãű񲻵ѹΣ˴½ʧܻðˡǸԭ򡣡׵
Ժɽ˶˵ز´½ɣ֪ʲôһʵ
֪Ļ٣ǵʲôҲ˵㿴һЩ׽ľȥżݸһ˵
һӹżչþزдɣ飬һһĿʮп꣬þûлع
һЩһƶϳԭ´½Ȼഫе½ҲҪƾõĶࡣֻǲ´½ʵ̫Сƺڵħ֮սĵؿǱ䶯ò´½Ŀռиһ㿴֣ò´½һļ紺ʮϧ붯ﵽɼҲ˸˲´½ͨ·
֮꣬ʵĻò´½˿ڼеļ忪ʼΪԴģսң˿Ȼ̶ʮ꣬Ĳ´½ѾƻòӣȥֶҪˡ
ʮǰ´½ռ۹͢ħʦżȻһʯʯƿŲ´½֣ʵ飬ʯԴ˳ȥ֮ʯֻ飬ÿһʯֻܴΡ
ؿ֮󣬹͢ħʦǽ͵㶨λںɽı˶ˣǱǲиΪ硣
ȷɽ˶һΪ֮۹Ļʵ۱⣬ܴ˵߷չʵۼҰġҪƲ½һ۹Ա֮Ѱƿռֵİ취ֱӵʵۣʱƾĲԼȲ½ԽöħΪİ
ḷ̌׻һϵħʦʼˣʱľֻʮ꣬ԺˣݼݼȴǼġ
ݼݼûжᣬľȴĸݼݼĵܵɣĹݼݼʧ֮޹ֺݼݼľ̵̬ǰ˴ظı䡣
лἰڵķӡѾˣĸҪлӡǴűˣ´½ӵгȻĵλ˵ӵзӡǵڲ´½ͻõϿɺ𾴣ԭ۹ҫȴľ̸ԼҪԸĵˣ˳ȥ۹صλһǧɡ
ǲһЩʵ
һͷ¶һ˿ɬЦݣྐྵȻ
ףһһ⣬ڲ³ǡҲǺΪʲôˣһ뼰㿪ʵ
ΪӦܲµġ׵˵
һ׽֡ͻȻԺһĪǵڲ³ǹóֵĹǺ̸ĹܴΪƲ˹ʱľɵĶ𣿡
׵ͷ
֮ĺڰԼͻȻû˷ӦҲľ֪ؽ˰ɡһŵ
û״һĿ͸¶һ˿ͣ˵ʶһҲôˣӵʧ֮ǵʼЩɬȴĪ
һһɢźɫĹĽ磬һֱ㶼ŪˣΨһϣľľܹƽ¡
ʱһһšȵڣʱȴѾɷˣȴȻ޶һľ̿տһ㡣ϰ첻Ҫ˲̵ضȻ֮ǰظһĻᡣβٸŮһ·ء
ȻǺɫˮư㲨Ť漴һתͷȴͬʱ֮С
ֻľȻڵϣѾ裬΢֤šȻԴ˸еֻоϲ𾪵ݼݼͷ˿һҹ侹˰׷ǰ׷հɣ統Сһ㡣
ֻʱƣǱ뾡ȥݼݼɳƺԼı仯ûʲôо
һͷһǰḻ̌§ڻУȻԲѣ˵˵Ǹжðֻм򵥵ټ֡
ǰɡһ
͵˷ɣÿֵҶд󡣡˵
˷һḧľ̵㷢һǣȻ˵ȺڴеĹ׺ݼݼ
ʲôʱܻһįʵ
ݼݼ׶һۣʯеһ飬ѾΣҲֻһƿռˡ
һɫһ䣬ô˵һȥпԶһƽллݼݼ㣬ף֪ⲻһμ棬ǵת溬̣һȥġ
ݼݼͷһһۣͳǿɫĴʯħİۣ漴ħϹһ˲ŤĿռﴫͳȥ
һǵģһһסȭͷģĹյң̤˳ȥ

߾һգŭ䲼ˡ巨˺ƽŽѰϳԭȶӵɷ뵱ǩ˺ġƽԼ֮ĹϵﵽǰĩеѺܡ
߾ʮգŭ䲼ˡ̻ᷨɣרΪɰ˹̻ȨӰΪԶıǳϺڰ̻ĴڣϺڰħϵħڵʱձĿֻţ֤ǶôľǰհԣҲħԱа񣬾Ϳ֮˵ǷаˡƾһԼ۳˸һ


3 ֮ 561 ԭ


µ۹׻֮󣬱㱻Ϊ۹ʡڿ۹ͳѸٻָӪеðʧҲõƵİţ۹ʼһٵ龰
ʱѮȣǵش֮صıԭȻ֣ȥããؿյ㡣
ƬĽ֮УټûһΪӣΪʵûʲôѰûĸðԱ˳ܵ
ȻȻɣıԭ֮вܻûбֻһûѰŰˣ֮õĺǣֱˮϵħʦʥԭıԶֹЩ
һХı⻨ڱ£һħ̻ըѤ
ۣƯˮ˷ܵɳе
ǺƯ벻ϾֵطɳҲǾ̾ѡ
ˣ̾ˣʮǿ¾ͻп಻ˣڴϢһ°ɡһӻϢܿñһݵס硣
һǴǸһһˣΪ˫þĩ顣
һȶ׳˺¡ݷࡢţˮɳ׵ٶ³ǣãȫûд
һƫģǸŭλΪæת׶̫į˵ʲôҲ׼һһڶϱߡ֮ԴݷΪҪķѩ̽·ҪȻڱԭطʧ
ԴŮҲûʲôԹԣݾͲͬһӸ濴һһ¶ԴħоҲСɣʵ顣һżȻĻ¾о㴫ħڻʹһһħڶطö㴫ħֻ㹻άħתħʯڲ½ʲôطؾͻء
һò½ֽȡʧ֮ʥħȫ˳˿۹ħʦᣬǽоһ֮ڽɲ½һǼĴħŤ֮ڴħҪ½ĸСⲻò˵һлʱĺƴ󹤳̣˴ħ󣬾뽫޹ؽҪ۶ھ»Ƕһ޴ߡħ϶˶õģΪάħתħʯһʲ쳵ķãշѹǺʵġ
ڱУһһͳƼȿʼá
ף椶Ҫħˡ椶ҪԿһе椶ڳ궨ֻ֮еʳֱʿˮ˵һļAħˣħȻҲʳջô󰡡
СԻռָװôණҪԵԼȥҡһ椶ĹĵСҪԣ´ʳﶼһ١
Сǳ椶ȥҡ椶۾һɴţСǰæͿ
Сһص˵椶ĶͷӺڰԪռ佫СϻͿٻԭеĻǳ٣ҪҲʮǿмҲġ
Сϻ˳Եʮ˷ܣݷķѩȵһ£Ϸ۵椶˱ݣһգ۱ʧǰ
ǼȾƣȾ㷹˯һٽŸ·һЦ
֣Ϊʲôôõ·ϵ̫ûɽ³Ǻʵ
֣죬ӦǱԭвеļҲ˵ʮ߼¶ǰ죬ϴҺͷʱǶ죬ʮ춼ϡһ˵ݷһۣ𵱳ڱԭ빲ĻѳĬһЦһоڲС
֣û뵽ԭô棬ɿ³˷ܵ½ˣʶһ˹磬˶ʵϧ˱ԭ֮Ҫȥˡ
棬֪棬ҪҪϽһ棬ûõļһ׵ٶһõø³۴УҲ޹ֺƢϴˮѾͷһСӱˮһЦֲ嶫ˣһ߷ɼףǶżˡ
ӴܵûãҲòȥһ岻ɳ״һ䳰ȷ
˵һΣǲҪ֣׵ٶŭɳվͦǸʵزһһûѻһνֶܾˣ˭Ҳûֵˣ֮˼ζڲټ䣬˭ҲӮ˲˭
־Ͷ֣Ϊ𣿡ɳҲظ׵ٶҲСȥˡ
һȴǿһֻȡ˹űаٻһ˫ɫȴŮǲظϴĸʵ൱Ķһô𱩣ϴξֲ⣬Ǵڻζ
ʲôԱû¸ɾȥһһ۵˵⻵һǵܷɫеضλõظͿֺֺЦһһӶĲëˡ
˾ǣһڡɳ׵ٶ໥ػһۣԹûпˣһｵһ治ĸĸܡ
֪ƤϻصħûУὫǵ˵ȥɡˮ°˵
İɣҸԼϼһȻƢ˵㡣ӦسŵһЦ
ǵȻƤ˽ҪȻҲ׽ˡɳ
һʼ磬ҿСһʱҲˡɻɣҪҪȥĳȥ䣬סҪ̫Զһ·ɺҵ·ء
һ˵ݷ˳ȥٴԭͻȻ£ݷһµָо
һݷرӰһ̾˸ĶظоԼƺרͶһθ飬ԼΪĸĩȳΪǣ̫࣬Ѳָ֪˶ٷݣ֮Ĺϵʼһ㱡ɴʱůĻеԼʱŮǵ֣־ƺԼңԶ
ʱ׵ٶˮɳ˳ȥҡҡͷڱһ¿ʼΪҹ̵ʵúܿ죬׵ٶɳҪǿ࣬Ǳ峤ȴǲһأûʲôϰ峤һƴʵ
һݷڱݲԶرɽˣǵϣԶԶȥһͯĻ
˽ǲ˹ͬĻ䣬˺ü꣬ԭԭıԭ˻ԭˣľȴǽȻͬˡ
һԶǵԶǵѩݷ૵һѵؼ֤
һǵõΪþҲ϶㷢Ƣ㲻ίôһݷļ򣬵ʱ˫һߣһ첻һ죬ʮϵӰûţ³޹ݷ﷢Ƣ
ίôίί֮־øˣ֪ˣǰҵԼŲҺءݷЦ飬ƴôõһİأһؾǶһ޶ģһӶֵصġ
һݸһЦ˵ֻǿľͷ
Ҳ֪˶ãɫȸղҪһЩ̫ȴȻϣƲʱӦҹʱˡ
ǰһϢһ°ɡݷͻȻ̧ͷһֱϵķĥš
һͷһȣǻ𵱳ԭһݷͬůסݷͷشֲɻʵظࡣ
ãڱɽһٵúȣɴʱȴͻȻһԶ椶˷ܵļ޵غ
һЯݷ죬ʮͷʮ׸ߵѩɫܱ椶
˱ԭܣˮϵAϽħޣǴ˵е֣ڱԭսɷSħ޵ˮ׼ϴһԭãû뵽ȴ椶Сϻȸ˳һһѣһʵ
޵ƣԭֻҵرܵķݣ˭СϻȲ˲ֹһΡ
ףףô⣬椶Сϻϵ椶Զ৵һܵһ˷ָܵʮͷԭܵƺЩֻǿԳԵѡ
ʱСϻһŭʮͷԭӲɲס˽Ų·Ա޷겻ԭ̤м令ͷĩıԭܡ
ԵħްһЩԭ˶еıŭвЩ档


562 Ѩ


ħԵĲһҲSϵĳħޣһŻе档
֣֮һһ㲻ϾɱοԭܱϡУҪɱЩܾ;ˡ
СϻһƮȻ£˷ҡβһţȻһ͸ֲеǰ֥ϸСĹ״׵Һ
һӹֵĶȥģȻԸо΢졣ֲҲģһһȻٷְͬΪֹһܹзĳ˼ǰпľڤֻ֮ڵŹı֥ˡ
ʱһӳԾ鷢ˣͷļֻԭȻǷһվ˵ˣؽųһ¾޴һĹǵ
椶㿴㲻ҪأǷŹǺòãһ椶Сƨ˵
椶С죬Щ̿ˮֿ˿ֻʮֿɰܣǵ˵ͷʱϹħҲ⶯ˣӸⳡ׷׺ɻһű֥ĸתţü˼һԱߵʵܲϳʲô
ӹ˺һҡͷҴû˵ֶǱԭеġ
һͷ֥ȻǷĹЧȷȴܿ϶ֲĵط϶ͨ˵ʲôҲȥ
ûзʲôһȺԭܸеԼǵ⣬һǵıϳǵĶѨܶȥ
С֮һ޴ıѨ֮ǰͣ£Ѩ֮бӿŨֱ˳Ծ̺ħԪصŨʮ౶˾治ѡҲ޹ֺʮͷԭܾԡ
ڱԭܵش£һ䣬˵ӦûйߵĴڣһȥ磬ѨܾǾ޴αͬһˮЩϵǺͽĲʮơ˵ȡԴ˴޴رѨԽԽŨʱСϻ˷ܵػһһǰ˳ȥڱѨһзͣСԴ̽ȥƵסʲôһȻһű֥ɲһˣ±ȥĩͣ״Ҳ˹ȥȻҲֵһ
ǰһɵóˣֻǷ϶תŵĺߵıϳ˸ֲĩţʮ㣬ֲȫɢŵӨ⣬ǵغ֮ϣͬɾһǡ
϶Ҳ֪ж೤ĿǼͷ
³鲻ԽһֻҪժһƯı˭ָ֪һ㾪һæ˻ͷצϸһ˪
䣬¶ȿ͡³תצϵذ˪գۻȥ
СˡһЦźش
³һ죬һĿֲᣬɲ뱻̬ļһһͨ
Ϊʲôֻ϶ﳤôݣطôûУɳʵ
ҲµûĺǴڣָǱ֮ʱԽԽŨ꺮ǵ֪ﵽʲô̶ȣڼ֮Ҳûʲôƫѿһ죬黨ҲΪ֣Щˮϵħкܸߵáһ۲һ˵ȻҲֻǲ²⣬ȥ˫ص伮мء
ȫժЩһߵȼˮϵħʦˮս˫Ҳˮϵʡݷ۾Ź飬ЩɶǱ
ڻ֪϶жأֻϧ̫խȥ˵滹иõض׵ٶ˵пܣѱϵĺǸŪղء
ҽȥšһҲЩĶǹȥ
һıڰлƾᣬӨĵɫˮϵħԪ׹ǳһӨӨ
ħԪʵ廯˼ᾪӶ˳һ̶ȵһͻƴħʦ뷨񾳽ˡ
һľɫŮӺƮڰУεĳë͵غһһ˯ӣһ㵭⣬ǳˮϵħԪؾǴɢ


563 ˮ


Ůһĳ㷢ڰҷ裬߾Ķǣʣƽ̹һӨӨӡԽԵʥ¡
Ȼһ鵭ɫƴŮüļڿиתЩǳɫϾ޴Ĵųһ㱻ա
ܿ죬еʵ廯ˮϵħԪرȫգŮӨҲûڡ
Ҳ֪˶ãŮ峺ʵСϪһ㣬ḡڿеֻһŮӳѴһɫķۣƮ£Ө͸£̤·۳һŵİɫ
Ůһ̾ϢԶǰ֣סµĵƣһ˿ʧ䡣
һǹѨķ϶֮Уһ·Щ滨ɨռָ˽ף϶ȴȻͷһĺǶֱ£˵߲壬Ȼоڵ
֮ȴ˲״ֱ̬ؼգһ߲壬ʧȥʶˡ
űǧף϶һߡã϶ֹǰ澹һıڽǳı⣬һ޼ʣɲ׳ۡ
һɲǼԥǲǻҪǰȥأͻأֵıҲ֪ʲôʱγɣҲ֪жðȻȥ˭֪ʲô⡣ԥܿʧΪͻȻܵһ¶нĲϤ
˫һؿڣŵ㣬ѻΪһӰűӶȥ
Ŀڵļ¶ԽԽǿҡһѸо˫ԼԽԽٶ£ֻǱ⻯ΪһӰٵˡ
ۿһһ˸ɲͷǰʵıֻһľ롣Ȼˡ
Ȼû죬ǰȴû·ˡ
һļʱǰرͻȻʼڣһ۰Ťˮδδ¡
ĪۻˣһҪϸͻȻǰһһǿҵˮż
һһɽγһ֣ܿˢһȴѸٱ⡣һǰѳһĶڣڵһߡһϤؽ
˫һ־ϲΪҪܼû뵽Ǽз̽·ȴ꣬ܲϲ
һڣ˫㱧˹ȥ
һ㵭ɫˮĻȻ֣ǽһ˺ü˫һۣ㷢ôѩһ׽۵ĳ̤һź֮ϣЩشһ
һع˫峺ˮĿײһͷһʵ˭Ϊռ˫壬㽫ôˣ
ԭ㡣˫СַһĿڣ´һһǾ¶һ˿Ц⡣
һü˫۾ͣΪصӦѾ˫ûΣգֻʱռ˫塣
ʶңһͷ£Ҳɵز²ݡ
˫ǳЦϵϢ磬˸оʮ
һҲΪ⣬۾еظӦ֮ܿ㽨һصϵ
һʼ˫һĵεΣʧ֮ˮһ˱һ
˫һԺҲһػһ棬ܰ˵ģбʧء
ͻȻ˫һһĨϼ
һ۾ٺЦţͲβѾأղ˫༤ػ棬ȻûͻƣĸÿĿһû¡
幢ֱȴôСΪ֮ˣ֪᲻ڣ˫ָܿЦ
ȻᣬֻˣѵΪˮˡһٺЦ
ܴˮ¶͵Ŀ⡣
ǵȻһˮ߲ת˫֣ȫѨλ
ֻˮһüһ⣬ռɲʱɵĺ֡
⡣ˮ˷Ȼռˮ¿ʼ⡣
ˮ̤һźֳΣųɴ״ŵһ¶һõ΢ЦС񴫳߾ͶǶ켸ҹɡ
һһܶüһϹâʧֳһâѭʮΣһڵȻϣصҴܡ
һӴһΪܱضɽҡ䣬ⲻ֪ضıȻ̮
ˮͷһ衣üƼγһĻֵסǷ񱩿
ˮУĩüطգͷһƬӰһ޴Ż֮ͷ
һƵסһĹϵĵˮĻȴɢȻһһůĻһаȵĿǰŴ
ͬһʱӿ졣һֹѪ΢о֮䷢͡
ˮֻȫ屾ܵһϤůϢ£Ȼʶˮģȴ˫ġ
ſҡˮҪŭһһȴǽΣ֮ϵжϵ˵ġ
šұסҵŮ˹ƨ¡ʧҵ˫һһģµûȻˮռ˫壬ʵȻ˫ʵ
ˮΪߴ񣬶һǺް취Ҫ򲻹ˣƤӾ͸һĶˡ
ʱ߲ˡˮһŤ£ʵظһʵĦؿУŭѡ
Ϊʲôһʵˮβ᲻صץѣ˫ϵвλʮ
ҸԭܲܲҪҶˮ²òͷôûûбռˣִĩйиеĻš
áһˬشӦˮ񻺻Ʈ¡һһޱ֮ϣˮػ
˫Ǳ£ҲҴµһʼãˮϵħԪĸӦұ뽫ˮ֮λϧȴȻˮСֵȴʼղӡڡˮһ̾
һʵгɹǲǺһҷ𡣡
ˮͷһҲ
ڲܴΪʲôصԭλҵ˫ô죿һŵˮҪλи˫Լ׼ҷͷ֮Ҳٴռˮ˵˼
ˮҵı壬ֻ׼λжʶȫ룬ǵѾˣʧȥʮ֮ڱɢұչȥʮգҲ˵һʱ䣬İɣ˫κ顣ˮ񵭵˵
һоˮһ˿һ˿ѵĸоʵҪܰ㣿ʹʧǲǴˮλԶȱ
ҵʺˮλеˣҲҲûϵһὫˮӡ֮УԵ˽ˮ񴫳УԵˮ
Եһʡ
ԵĻֱˮһ̧ͷָһͷֵӡǡ
ʲô˼һоˮûпЦץסСַһʵ
ˮһĴ֣Ө͸ڱǰȥһԶա
󺮷紵ˮ񵥱ķ죬һֿԶĸо
һ۾ˮıӰоڷ䣬ߣȴңԶģһһˮ
ãһߵߣֽ紵ҵ㷢ڶЦĻҲãһ군Ǵ޵УԼ֤ĻҲͦҵġ
ˮûжһܵĶֻǾһһۣ㲻𣿡
ΪʲôҪ£һҲûɶɺڵˣֻϣʱҺеѻкһ𣬴һΪĳҲһ飬㲻𣿡һٺЦ
ˮһȻֵ̫˼
Щ̸𣿡һЦʡ
ˮҡҡͷСָԼĿڣһĸо
оõһʡ
ˮͷĩйĸоȻָ֪оȷȷʵʵоˡ


564 λÿռ


һоЩ˫֮صظоȴӦһ˵ϡǸ˾ߴ֮һˮ編ͥĴڣǲǸøȡ˵İأ
˼䡣ˮԶӶؼӰˡҲˣڱȺɡ
ˮ˵һ֮в֪١
ˣһ׽ֺٺһЦ񲻴Լˣ
ţһ˺ܿӶǧ׷ΧǽһƬɰզࡣ
ϴ󣬷ʲôˣôˡţþٶȾһ㣬ǲػӰۻңɴ˿ɼĹһµظ߶ȡ
û£ǱѨ϶һıһС̮ˡһʼɵЦ
ݷһֱۣƺȷûˡ֪ԼǶһظ֡ȻʶؽšûģֻΪ̫
ƳһһۣܵŨˮϵħԪҵ׵ϵħԪأǾɼײɵؽûнɻ˵ڡһ˵ղžͲˡ
˶ƽ֮ˡٶһ㲻ͬѰ
һ˸ݷ㷢ȥһٻǻϡ
ݷһǵͷסһֵǷǧСġڱ㡣
ȥɣ·СġһЦˣСϻҲߡ
˵Ӱʧˮ
óǶʮ㡣ˮĵһ˿Ľ
֮Ĺϵ𵽹ؼãѷǵУǵзѣ㲻ǵҲѡһЦ
ˮĬһڵ߰ɡҴȥһط
ʲôطһʵ
ȥ֪ˮ˵ű𡣳Զȥ
ڿмС죬һƬ֮УֻˮĬǰȻһռѷ졣ˮһ˽ȥ
һֻǰһ漴ָֻ˹һ·ҷϢӭȵشܣһʱ侹˵
ֱһλð磬ǵ͸ˮĻɫڵζˮҡڡͬˮĻɡ˫̤漫ȴȥһж˸е졣
һǰһ͹ˮ湹ɵС·ҲˮԪɵʡػľ˵һжˮԪعɡԿϺСˣ
λðС·ͷһɫһ紵ϵһƬƬƣͯ硣
ӭҵˮռͣǵһˡˮȻһЦһ˿аظожȥеαװµֻǻõ顣
һ˴Ц˫ǽȻͬζȴ񣬵һɲǵ㯡
ˮ˫ˮɵط裬СҲ⾧Ө͸׷Χ͸ؽŵװ壬ؽЦ
ҲЬ˰ɣЬ಻תһ
ҽųЩϺҸˡһٺЦ
ˮЦЦһӣһЬɲǼ䱻ˮиķѣȻһŵɫˮסӵһˮϡ
ҪҪ·ҲˡһعȻǸáһаЦš
Ҫ˼ˮռ˵㡣ҲϴһϴۻĴԺࡣˮ飬ûصһһۡ
ٺ٣ӿˣҵЩɣˮ𣿡һЦˮߡ
ӿ첻ҿƵġıܷӦˮָоеϲȴ󡣲֪ǲΪ˫ϲϲ
һоĿעˮͻȻչشһǣأʲôо
ˮ죬˸촽أһ㡣Ϊʲô֮ؽӴĸо𣿡
Ȼǡֻ໥ĽŮŻ˸оԭǿ̫ˡǻ۵Ҳ޷н͡һЦ
ˮ˼صͷһһǰһؽͯĹ֮С
һҲЩˣߴӦö俪ٵĶռɣڰ֮ĺڰռ䡣ˮˮռ䡣бԵħʦЧ֪Ҫöٱһᡣ
ãĴϱߡ걻һ㵭ĺ֡ڰħԪʮŨܴ͸ǱԿһ޴ĵ졣ɽ죬ٷССĺ洦ɼ
޴ص֮ϡʱܿڵľڿзӶ֮Ҳ洦ɼͷɹ̫ĺԵ͡
ʱغͻȻԶֿһӰ뵺Ͽգڵߵһɽ֮ϣɽɲͬɽ塣ȫرʯҵȱɢ˵Ĺ⻪ħһⱦɽһ۳֮նҪϼʱ㡣
ɽħһضѨֻסһңλ϶ֻڱɽɽϾס
޴ɽӭһλźɫۼ׵ӣϵĺɫۼױҪࡣճ˵ӰӡҲǺӢϵϢʮƽֻͣһԺףκ˶Ӷķһɾظо
ƤƤһǹһȼƶʮ
ϲöôֻһ˻ѵûҵѾͷ𣿡üʵ
ҵˮǺ۵ĺһЩʱƤ˵
֮ڳ˱仯ЩҲЩܿסԼֶŮڿɰáһЩν˺֮ǰɡ
ʵҪǿܶࡣĸĸһڽʹĥҿԸеǳޡƤ̾߳޶ƽħβĩλûлȨȴΪ¶βѡ
һһҪҪ籨ϵˡƤһ˵
ƤͷһϵǾ֤鲢һءæ뽲
ڲ½һǳ򵥵ǿߡŶʮ꣬Ȼû֮֡ʵ֮ϡйʥޣ룬񻯵Ŀ޵ޡƤ˵
һһšôܣôһΪ
С۵غӲֹһһСŮ塣Ƥŵ
ʲô壿Ϊʲôʧ̬ؽץסƤ˫硣Ƥ˵ϵ˵ش¡
СŮȴҸղ˵ǸΪס鲻һ񣬿ؽҲȲϡƤϿЦҪأҪԿ֪ȴһصҲ˵Ը⣬лƿظ߹ˡ
ɫ˱䣬ȴΪƽ˵ͬʱӵ޵˱ѡеˡ֣˵罫ƽˣҲٲܶ
Ӧô죿Ƥʵ
ȹšѾͷҲһɡ
ûӡƤ
ҲڣħһһضԹҲʱýˡ˫Ŀһ¶һĪ΢Ц
ԭ֮ϡݹһ˵ŷѩǰԭʸһ˵Щˣ˱ѩǱѩ˿ʼһѱԭܡӰһ
סǿʲôںˮͻȻе
ֹͣŲ˳ˮָŵķȥȴǼһֻ͸۷ģضڰշţϸһ˵Χȥ͸رĴָ֡βϾһѪɫķ룬ţֻͻȻΪһӰſĸ³ǳ˹ȥٶȿľ
³Ҳǳһ㤣ĵû̫⣬ʶػֽı˦ȥС϶޵ýΪƤڣƬǼӲޱȣԸǴ´ˡ
ڸ³ۼײǱһ̡佫Ѫβݺݴ˽ȥ³Ǹеһ׶ĵشʹһֻʹ亹ֱð


565 Ѫħ


Ǳ䱻³ǴһӡֱͦͦڲԶıϣСҲ֪ĹҲǿڱ˼ȳַưڿг˼£ȼһڱϣۼڻʧһɶ
Сܡû°ɡ׵ٶø³ǱҺǽۣ֪ܵܣȻӸ˵㣬Ƥ˵㡣ʹ飬󺰴С
㣬ʹ³ɫ԰ף촽ֱ¡
׵ٶ״һ³ϵצӡʱʧɫֻϵƤѾʼ⣬ⲻص㡣صõѪۿɼٶȸʴõĵط˭Ҳû뵽һֻССر䶾Ծǿˡͷ
ô죿ô죿׵ٶ˿ڣ޼£һʱ䷽ҡ
ʱڶ֮һֱĬˡкһӣǽ³õƤȫ˳ȥر֮ɲǼֹס˿ѪƤžһڱ档һŨһ̲Ѫˮ˲
³ƺһ˱ˮ͸˿ڴȻʹȴǶԸʴʹҪùһЩ׵ٶʱתƣ˿Ȼ衣
࣬лл㡣׵ٶһĵл൱ϡ¸³ҪܴˡǿֲضԡȥƤĻ嵽󶼻ữΪһ̲Ѫˮ
á൭ĮرһԵԸȻû˿ı䣬ڶгżţһ˵˵֮⣬˭Ҳ
ÿֲ˭֪ʲôˮؿڡҺñĲҪȻôһж۰
û˵ԭֶ䰡ϴκһʱҲû˫Ҳûи˵ݷҲ𾪲ѣҪ֪³ǿǹϵӵǿǵ壬ħߵþˡû뵽ССһֻ侹ܹ׾ٵش̴ǵۼס
Ǳˡǿϵɡⶫһֻֻ¡һһȺǾ鷳ˡ˵
ΪȻٳűطӶȥ
ˮաһ䵭ɫƶƮϿաһϡоˮһͷϵˮĻؿŸɫζʵѷɵ֮ˡ
ˮƶԵһʶšҲʲô
áһӶ˶ϤıӰͻȻˮ˫Ĺ֮ͨǰʷǳ浾ȻϢԴݵ˵ʹƽ͡꾡
ʲôһˮһ㷢ڱǼһš㡣˫е
ˮתͷһԺһȴ㷢תȦʮˣʹأ㽫ڿе˫ȻèһһĻС
һƵ˫ǰõأˮˮ˿رػСɲǶΪǰŮ˾˫
ˮȻԼʶĶеЩԾʶԼһһЩٶȴֳ⣬ѵһıܻǿʶ𣿱һ֮Ӧֱһܶ١齿ȵȷӦ
ڵˮ˫һŻ˶ǳ㷢ʵ
һֱΪұҡֲȷˣԴҵʶ塣ѾǴˡˮһؿڣǺŽĵȽֻһǰĩеůͰȫһҸζ֪ǰҸʲô֪
һ롣¶һ˿΢ЦһʮͬͬʶڣһЩΪϰʱҲǶٵӰ졣Ѫ顣ȴҲ᲻¡ҪȻƾԸҲΪż崳ս̶ˡ
ֻʣʱˡˮ૵ߡ
һüͷһûɵһʹ
ˡˮ̧ͷСָĿڵ
šһЦŵͷ
ǲǴϲҡֻ˫ӦĹϵˮһ˿ɡ
һҡҡͷҲ֪ǱʾϲǱʾ֪
ˮȴû̫⣬һ촽ͻȻ˫ӡϡظоһδӴϴݵȫоһʪһֶؿС
һ۾оϢ촽Ժ￪ʼֻþƺɬŮò˫һʵӡֻ峺סɽСϪһ㡣
ˮֻƾűţ˫ᴥ˱ظоʢ䡣
һĺȴǼʼⶥˮıݣ࣬糲Īڴˡ
ԽԽͶ룬ҲԽԽ죬ֻʶƮƮȻһ弰һߵĻ˰ɡ
ˮζˮϵħԱºͣʶǴر֮ڣûпܻһȣҲСֻʶռݵȴ˫壬˫һ֮ӦһѲ˱ܵϵϢʮС
Ҫˮ֮İһ֪ⷽͬһŰֽȴΪ˫ĹϵصζŮ֮һָоͬѻƬһ񫡣οˮǳһκζһԿɾѷѽˡ
ʱһѰѹˮϣֱǿħУŪǶԱѩ׵顣
ˮֻ飬ǾʪһƬһħצ£͵عƫƫһֻڲḧָĴȴʼձһľ롣
ú޾ˮϰ£غ˺ߡҧסֵͷ
һᡣҲòֳʪò񻰵Ϫȴȥ
ˮһȫһһĸо˽ܴȫԺȫһƬհ״̬һĿ
һȻ۾о˶ﶥ㡣ԼҲҪű㷭ȥˮ·촽ѵˮա촽ͻʪ⼰⴫سо˾۾ͻȻԺл˶ѾԶȥǰĴ۵ȴ˫ա
һڵһӱһˮ˫֮壬һʧСֵһھͻر˫壬سҹҲӦܣƽ
ãˮлعһһ˿ˡ
Ϊʲôˣһʡ
ֻ֪ǸղͻȻɲǼƮյءˮҡͷ
һ˸ˮĬȻ
һʱ䣬˫һ˺òãˮĵŮ֮ĸ飬ᵽǲֻۣĪİˡ
һҡҡͷҪһӡ
ˮһ̾һĻС
ƶ仺ƮԶǶ˵ŮҲģ
ʱһξաһˮһֱۼˮռеطաһ֡ͬһһ㣬ǣǣ֡ӵǾ¡ȴ˶ѣҲûзǰּԽΪ
ʱˮˮԪɳһһſռָЩʧ֮ʥҵ鼮вߵˮҲ֪޲ԡ޲ֻһʹߴ񾿾֮ʱȴֻһ䵽ʱ״򷢡޹֮һҲʶȤʡǰʺڰ֮˵ԼʵҡҲúԾʵװҲάһǰˮȴҲƮƮһ򷢣ôԼҲõ񴫳СȴȻ֪Щ񾿾к֮
ˮһߣѾˡɵڶţͻȻע⵽ԼؾӨ͸СԱһشγضԱȡһһСһڰסʮȤ
ˮֺͷһűӡ
һƿ鱾档̧ԲСỮ
ˮ񿩿Цʾػɫ
˴ʱС˴ŶԷ
ãμ棬գҽһʲô֣һĴֺʳֺһһһߵˮǰ
ˮһЦ˳ѧһӨĴֺ˰ڣҽţա
ţһظһ顣ԭҲֵءˮ㣬ЩʧͻȻϷǰСʱ򾭳С档
ôˣҵֲ𣿡ˮһͻȻʵ
һ̧ͷЦҡҡͷȻվ˫ֽˮ̤Լؽűϡ
ˮʶ˫ֻסһزͻȻһƺںϵһ
š֧ɡһͳ§ƶ˽Ų
ر۾ˮܵһ硣һƬʵ¹¡ƮڿСķҶԼһŮ裬еغܸߴͬһһ㣬Ůغɡһͷںڵس
ˮЩֲǶŮҸǱԼҸ
Ȼ䣬ת˽һԺеػڰʱʧ
ˡˮһ̾
ʱرԭ֪ðһƬһƬر䡣βѪɫβ룬Ǵ˸³ǵֶ䡣
ǵءһȥطȺγһӴ󿴲ͷķơ˵ʮԿ
ˣȵǸոսӱٻͼԶȺٳӿ˹аǧǶ֪֮һֻĹͺǿˡǧ򣬷Ⱥһ¹ͷʣ¡
˽Ǿ硣Ȼñٴλ֮С
ȫû֮СȺɲǼ串Ƭء
հ˽һ÷Ѵŷ账֪ҪȻ治ð졣
ݷ֮˿ɶǵһ׷׿ʼ´
ݷ֪شŲ֡˱еع㳡ͻȻһ֣ǱŮصôûˣ
ʲô֡˵ᵽȥˡ³ǵ˶ԴҲ⡣
ݷȴ֪ǵڱҪԣǰǸŮ˿Ƕ乧Сһ¾ԭ£ɴ˿ɼǵжôҪô᲻أ
ݷⲢûж롣Ҳ޷ٶ롣ܴӱ֮ı䡣ӿЦ䲻÷ɵô궴
ܿ죬ķϾı䡣ǾβعŽ硣ǵβǳι̡һطһα䡣ǿββȥʬڿ֮Ȼżǿĸʴԣű
طȻΪǿȴͲסӴطȺС֮㿪ʼȻȣշȺ类Ҳֻ顣
찡ʲôùˡջҵػԭһ㶼档ˮľذ̾ǿûҪֶ֪ҹǿر԰ǧơǿҲܲסӴֻܵطݰɣΧֻеˡ
֪̬ض궴ղžˡ³ǿ
ˡǽȥһǾܡҿƺɵòǺܸߡʱҷų籣ԼȻ󳯸߿շС侲жϡ
һϲĻеȺһɵòǺܸߡʱԼʩųֵסһ±߿աסû⡣
ŷ翪ʼ棬˵ɫǱò԰ףǶоղŵذ취ʵʩеѡЩաʮ֮ߣΧȭͷСǿر䡣βָͷ֡ڹֻ͵ȵرѡԼʩŵؽķǲԶˡ֪ܲǰֵסЩع
Ͻ㣬ǲطɣһûףɲ³﷢׵ٶֱֹ
졣ûϢļһنھͰӳȥ׵ٶŸ³ǵĶݺݵɲС֪ʵҲֱ¡
úá㣬ְҿɻԱء³Ǽæġ׵ٶ֣ͻȻƵҪһھͺˡ
ѽҪھͺˣ׷ӿָо֪ʲôʱһѳ˴ҵĹǣֺµĸ³ؼʱҲ
ʱһˮŴˮռлصԭԶž޴󵽿ͷıȺһ
ʲôһе
ǱѪħ䡣ǷӡƣȺڹΣˡˮü˵


566 


ӡʲôӡһʵ
ѪħһԶǰ綼㸲ʱѴڣǰưڱԭûκڱԭܹǵ׷ʱ峤ַӡʱ̫õ·ӡɶˡˮŽ͵
ΪʲôΪǳɡһɫһλ塣
ܰɡŵ
ķζҪ֧Ųסˣȥǡһ˵űҪӶ
ȵȣ㿴ȺΣΪзָӵԵʣɱ˷ôȺƴҲûңҪԸ׵öࡣȽѵֵҵɱסһ˵ԸðգֻһʵҪǿȻξͽˡ
û⣬ССһֻˡһʼЦӿʼڷȺдѰҡ
Сĵ㣬ȽῴһһһǣѻΪһ̴ԶķȺ֮С
һɫˮĻ罫ıѪħײӲһͨ
ȺȻ룬ŭؼ͹۾ǱѪħѪɫβ롣
죬ŽһˮƴüļһӴˮϮɲǼڵıѪħͨͨ䣬ѪħԷ궴ڱԭȥ磬ƫƫʹ½ķһˮһմˮڻ
ǰûзȺ·ƾˮƣ˱֮ڡתţɢŵع⻪ŤĽɲǼʯ
˷׷׳һٳһҪˣǿǼΧܲ͸ķȺͷƤ飬ʱʱ֧ŲסǺҲ
˫㣬ɻˡݷ˫ɰ㽵١Ͼĩ˷ܵ˹ȥ
һʱҲ֪˵ʲôֻǵһЦ
ˡˡˡ³ǼŴ㱣ʱǺ紺΢ЦֻǴСĸһ飬ҵĴ졣ˡ
һԵø³ǶһճմģһߣָӳһϮ˹ȥ
³ֻһһ˭үү͵Ϯҡ
³ǻĹˡĿⶨ˱䶢ϣ߳ŭ͵Ϯң
û
飬Աû¸ɰҵܵܰ𣿡׵ٶõܵԵ޹۸˳嶼л̵ϰߣƽʱԸ³ǵɱ۵ģɵܵ۸ǵһ
ȴǲ׵ٶŸ³ٷˡӡ
ٷˣҲһŮˣ³ʧǵոˡûݷ﻽Ϊ˫㡣
λ㡣㿴һڼߡȴ궼ûˡɳЦдһĻɴŹ
׵ٶҧһҪȴ޿κΣֻú޺޳˸³ǵĶ䣬յûϢļһһ㶪ˡ
³ʹһģȴƳһ۵ȻţģŮ˶ǱļһռȥˣƾʲôŮİ۰ոշɧĻû¾ͱһѸסˡ
Ҳ˫ŵ˵
ݷˣţˣҲЩ˫Ϊʲô˵ǣѲ˫òɡ
³һ˷ܣסĸοʼŬ
ҲһŮˡŽŵҲָ֪ķ棬ָ˫廹ָԼʶ
³ǾƱס˲ӣɫһƬҰܣĳȥˡ
ǣݷɻʵ
ŵȻݲ˭ʸ֪ġ
ʱһȴȫϢڷȺΧƶĿѿ׼ڷȺߵİ룬һƬȭͷСıѪħмһӤСͨɢһ㵭ħ䣬Ƿɡ
һüͷ΢΢ҰްֱԴֻϸоΣգĿǰʵ½оΣյָ
׼þ룬һǬŲ£ȻʧԭأͬʱǷϵĺȻŨһ̶ؼХ


567 ˮӡ


ǧ֮ڽȭͷСıѪħ䣬֮ЩڻҿɲͬһΡʱ÷ʾȻȻγһܲ͸ľ޴ͰͣĴֵָβһ¶⣬ڱɢѪ⡣
ƾһٶȣΧЩ͵ȼѪħӦֻɲǼĹ㵽ͰԣӰ΢΢һ£һƾʧ
ֻ룬źһ죬ɸߵȼħȺɵľ޴Ⱪ˿һɰɫ˳˷ıѪħ׷׹¡
ɢһһ΢΢ŤĻ綨ڰ֮УĶͷһ㱡ѪӿĲԶӤСķϵǲ㺮Ѿɢͨ徧Өռͷֲֻ֮Ĵ۾ŭضһĿãܹȶƵʷɿ͸һϸ΢ѷ졣
һǬŲ߲Ĵ߶ƾ˲ײ֮һռħҪʹղ˲ƽͰ͵ͷӲƴһ£ǿʮʮĹû뵽ȻΪǰͱڵǿƴ˸С
ʱһȻв˷еıѪħ䶼궯ѸٽһΧܲ͸磬ֱʮ
һ΢΢üͷҪڱѪħİΧȦһⶼûУղһУҪɱɲһʱܹ飬һзǧ佫ϣνã
֨֨ڴʱͻȻؽȻɿ󼤵
һΪǷҪźţʱȫ䱸һвþͽŵĨͣʱͼһû뵽鷢ˣЩΧһطȺĽ˲ɢ˿һƬռֻʣһ
գԭӵһЩ棬ѵˣֵĻ
ٴƵسһֵβŤŤִѪɫβطųջء
һʱȻŭȻǰж˿鲻ɡʲôʱһҲҳŤƨɣXXOO֪ǷĶѪħıβ룬Ҳ⣬βһѪħ䲻߱Ĺܡ
һХһȻʧ߲˫֡رǷֻ˶۾ֻڵĿռһŤһֺֻȻ֣а㳯ŷ۾˹ȥ
ӦʮѸݣƺϵһֵĵص㣬һβ뻮һâһϮĴ֡
̵һһðһ֮⣬ءڳһĿӡһֱΪƷǿķĪû뵽ռһء߲ĴִβӲһࡣҿȻƤ֮ǿɲġ
ڴʱˣǾӨ͸ʼãֻһĽ𶯣ռһưŤ
һֻĽ̺һֹžòܣȴ˾κˣһɹǿ˺ꡣ
ںϾ񹥻һ̷Ӧס񣬷סʶüľӿסʶ
һǿޱȣڰﵽ߲ʵأӦֶֹβ˵Ҳܵ˺Ǳ£¶һʹı顣
һȻҲע⵽һ㣬ԥüϹâһʶиתһѱһȦâ֣׸սѥͷѾλһ춯صֱӳһ£˶֡
񱩵ϵħԪƬؼŰ΢һЩıѪħ䱻õڽ⣬˶۾ڷһ˿壬Ȼһһβ̵ľ룬ǹƾƼװѹҲʮֲֿġ
ĩȷӦͻı仯һ񴷴һƬ糯ŷݺȥ
ɽĸӲ±һƵ֨֨Ӵܣ޻֮
˻һռ˺ѵ񴸿ɨĳ򣬷ҽһӴڣӨ͸ʱһҴܣ緢һڰҶ
һһֻһдװҲάֲȥˡϹһûڡ
ɾװûڵһɲǣǱֻʣһķȫһѪɫĹâһţִβ뾹弤Ϊһͼϸĺâһüġ
һֱã֧װĺһ˲ĳٻһطһоʶΣգʱķӦȴʶķӦ
ҲֻϢʱ䣬βѽߡһôһٽ
ΣͷһؿڵĽƱһ⻪һôһ£Ƿβֻ΢΢ͣȻͻϰһüġ
β廨СشһüģزƵ¶档
üʶڣһСС𵴶˱ɰ׳οżǿҵĶ븯ʴԡ˶üĶһ˵̡
ʱһֻʶһĵʹиϵħγɵƽɲǼ䱻ƣʹһͨǡоƺѾˡ
ڵŻһ˺Ѱʹһ֮䱾Ӧܹоһܵʹࡣ
һʧǵؽһĿ͸ķȺͣƮڰһһϣͻȻһҧתķֱֱ硣ӣӿĲӶҵֹıѪħ䡣
һĿһŤɢһͷڷӭ裬Ұްĵ˻
ͻȻ䣬һ쳤Хһüķβ붶´һѪ鵹ɶ
һüһȡƣڰƣƣȻܳǹȴҲһռָͻأ֡γһԲȦڿתɢ譲ӵĹâͬʱڵĻ룬ޣСϻһХȻþ޴תŵĽ⣬֮ʱӳ
椶ôˣûȣȴ椶һʹ࣬۵СϿʼŤɫһƬͷ֡
һ߿Ե椶дܳΪһʮ׳ĺɫڰ椶Ϊ֮״αر壬ǰֻܵһȦ椶ʱͷȴ˰ٱֹ
ͷħǺڰħ裬֮ޣ椶̳²Ϊһڰħӣʱ˵һ
ƳХƽʥ죬Ǳҽ¶ȻҪߵʥЩѪħ࿹أ֮һ嶼޵Ʒ籩Ƭض׵֮£ƬƬıѪħɥ׹¡СϻʥҲ˵ãڹƵĴ̼սʼ˲Ŀķ椶ˣһţԲЩѪħɲǼ䱻⣬ɲǰ׽еġ
ʱѷӵһϿͻȻƣɳһӳԾ鷢ˣͷĵɫˮͻȻĿƣǳһ˹ȥ
ˮһüģմȾüһ˿Ѫƹ⻪һһüĴֳһˮƵӡǣƻϣǷ롣
ôܣôѡشСһʱ֮޷šƵƻһüĵˮӡȴһʵǧټҪˮλ˫κιˮӡƾһΪӣƣһһ˾ƣҲûš
סȺѾףƼĴ޵ѹǧȺҲֻбɱķݣڵ˼ƴ䣬Ļס³ҷйղűŭ
ţԵø⼤ܣţþһ֮ۡӡſȱػǣĴͬʱ֣ǽþֱţһ֣ԽսԽ¡
ĪһֱڼΪĺᣬĪһΨһһ֮Ѫѵˡ֮Ѫѣ֮ǲͬն졣
ʱµķֹͣһʶ֮ҲָƽͻȻԼϵˮҲǲ첻ѣƵĺôʱû֣Ҳûж룬עתδ棬ɱ
˵ʵɱĩЩϧҪ֪ոһսһˣƵͻȻ˷β֮¡
ôǿշĻǿһǧط佫ֻǱѪħΪ̣͵ȼıѪħһԭɣǷ˱ԭʵҲۿۡ
һԥʱŴһߣǿԥǩԼɣƼȻѡΪһλˮʵޣΪ޵ĻôعܵӰ졣
һô˵ͷܣֻͷͻȻЩңˮһرԼõָúȥδӣĴӴ֮ҷ
ǷͨԣһջƣԶһǩħѪӴ֮һħ衣
ХЩ׷ҴȴԶ˻һʱǼ֣ͣһΣΡ

ձԭҹҲ磬ֻǽͬЩ̫һ絽գȴ˷磬Ʈѩ¶һӱֱ½
ţڤڤ룬˯˯һڴڣطѩˣŵ˵ڵһϡ
ݷȻɱƳȴůرϣʱ̧ͷһıӰܾЩԾһ֮ǰģüͷ壬ƺŨûóǳҪȥοȴôʱѾԶ룬Լȥ硣
ڻ̲סݷ˱ߵһ󣬷۱۴Ӻ§һزӣҲ֪ʲô飬ţû˵顣
һعͷָݹ۵СϽ˽ܾѹ֣ȴûйسڡ
ݷһգͦظһĦ֪һʲô鷳Ψһľȡĵȫ׿
һվһѱݷ
Ұһ˺ݷ·Ǳ˫ǷɫӣҸ߰ͦ
ҪͣݷšƺеӦһԴؿڣһ̰ĺӰ˱šš
һݷ﷭תؼѩαǰԵذţţÿһ缡Ź۵ޣҪű
һһСֵѾֱ롣ˮïʢϪֱ
ڱϷҪեÿһ־Ŀ糱ˮӿҪû
Ҫˡݷһ˫Ƚסһһ˽ܴһ̣衣
ʱڷţһķѳļ͸˵طɫһָű鷿һ崦Ūһﵽߵһ̣Ҳͬʱ˸߷塣
һૡ۽ȴЩʪ󣬲֪ΪΡĵ״ͻȻðһǿҵͷҪһҪһʵռҪΪһŮһ̸ܣôҷҲź
ỽһ֣֪ܹо
ȷʵһоˡݷﲻس˯ȥоһּĸоǰζ
ãһŵķ䣬Ȼ޷ӱܣΪβ¸ԡ
Ųվڴڣһ˿ң㷢䣬ȻԶֻǷɫļ͸¶ղŵļ顣
šһǰЩ˻ƣȻܿҪԼ˫ˡžôʧͻֻһˡһطˡ
û˵ֻһִҲһ˿̣ҲֻһŮˣһ֪ΪԼΪ˫ìŮˡʲôҪˣ׵׵طһΣȻ˫ĵһβܣ˽һΰɣ˫ԭ¡
Žȥһĳۣǰżļ齫ȼɻҽ
һ۾ţĴԼмĴӡһ·һϸСͷʵС֮ؼСֵʪĿС
һ˲۾Ůˣˮ񣬼ʹҵ¶ȻԶһֵУƺһʥޱȵ顣һȴоǰĩеļҲǿ̰ԼȻҪǾһٰɡ
һŵ˴ϣɵ˫ֺ촽˶ĵ
һ˽һΣҪҰɡҧסһĶ䡣
һؼͦشĿҧҿԷݣԳ٣
İɣˮӡ˫ش֮ٲӰ쵽ʲôڴʽıħѱҽˡһ֪ڵʲô
ſ˿⣬һĿԣͻȻ˫ȹסһĸһ˶ĻɲǼ䴳룬˺ѰʹȴŨŨĳʵУֻеĿհ׽ԱӴ֮ȱ
ָоֻһĳ嶯ԭ׵سΪŮ˾ָоܳʵֻϧ̫ݡ
һɡૣȵĽëš
һͦʼ鶯˵⶯пʼˮ齻ڡ
ҪߣҪ뿪ҡһŴɳƵϸܵСѩ˶ëѩоʱš
Ҳ뿪㣬ԶԶߡһԴϸܵӢϡ
ģһ˫Ŵ
ģоÿһˮϵħԪضҵĴڣһҲûˮϵħԪءǻһ΢Ц
ҪˣҲҪˮϵħԪأֻҪеߡһݺݵײţЩҵ˵
ɵϣٱҡĨȥһ۽ǵᣬ˽ӵһ
ȻһţһĿռָҲطһ׹⡣
һֻһգɿųʪڵɢ۽㯵һ𣿡
ǵģֻһΡһˮ䣬֪ǰ˫ԶҲܻš

ʱһĿռָڣһСĹϵ׹âһ㵭ɫԼճӰ


568 ޽û


ѩԣ˫ԴظеһһƬᣬɢĸĹԡ
һֱһÿΪŮڷ絲꣬ʱŮҲĻοĵʹһжôȻ
˫ḧһĺڷԺȴŸղһ˵ǸΣǵģһǾһΡˮڱӵԶǸ߸ϣʥµģȴû뵽ʱһĹ£鰮޷ܡ
һǵģڤ룬ȴӵųԽħǿޱȣ˯ȴôá
죬һȴ˯ˣһ˯ҹ˫ôԼů
һһֻˬһ۱˫һɲǵļ¶뱯ˣܿĵס˫ϵģһȴ˲ֱ˵Ĳͬ
˫лл㡣һ˫һȻһǡ
˫ǳǳһЦһͷȻ۷¡
һ⡣Եķѩ֪ʱѾֹͣȡ֮⣬Ȼûһ˿¶ȣȴͷףϣ䣬ѩٴһճĲ
һ˫߳䣬Ĺ㳡ţһ֮ɹ̫ɳ׵ٶȻ򶷲ݣ椶СϻͿ׷ˣԵܰ
ס椶һһ˹һŽһ׵һˮ
ϴˡΪҪ˯ʮءţþ˹
һٺһЦҵ˯ʮ£˳Բ
˫΢΢һ죬Сšһһ£ţЦţþòˣ޺Сţ𣿡
ţŴͣһ˷ܵ˫Ϊأһģһ
˫һһۣûʲôӦȻЦģֻȴоոֺ͵һ¡
ܺãҶҲܺáСɴˣǱ׵ı¡ţἰ޶ͶЦˡ
ʱҲΧһƺѾȫеİûΣʱռռλŮıˣǰһԼȴ֪һΪһʵӰ
֮Բ˫û£һأһˮƻշһֻʵǿķֻǳȴһе˿źǻʺȻˮУһûа취κҲֻˮάһ
֮ʱһڱһǻʹӦĴħȻ÷ط佫פΧｫΪһݵ㣬Ҳһı㡣ܸӣһʵԽ߱ԽףʵȻǿ޵У䲻ĹＰˣҪ֪ߴ³˭֪ʲôǧѪħ佫ķ

³ǣ۹Ķǣ½֮˳ȴ֮߱ѡ֮ءζȼٵĸһ½ħʦҹ̵Ŭ֮£̶̼±㽨ǻв³ǵĴħֻ֮ҪһĽұһ˲顣ЩµĹСһطʹ巳˵½ͳһطΰãҲںǼٸңǳȺĴŻ棬˴ħиò֣˴己еسۺ죬ռħʦԼĳнħ
һһ˴ӱԭȥ˱ǣӱôħһӱתƵ˲³ǡ
³˼˵һһǰ³ҲǳϾһ֮ȴǴĩй
ʵҲѹ֣³ǽ󺣣Ŷһĵ飬ټǴ֮ڣ³ȴʮˬں̲ϴ̵ĺ磬һӱβƣճ䳱ǳǶôһ°
һһʮעĿ˫ݷһһǾգλŮҲʹħġһǲ˵һϮ°׳һͷĺڷ
Ӣͻ΢ЦԸٸŮɱĿһ֮£ȴһѺڻ·Ϊһţǿ׳ߴֻţǳ𣬾ļһ֪̺ųǿıرϿŵþıϢľ
ǿǲ̫үһڲ½ԺգѳڶŮżʥħѧԺҲΪһϳ
ϻ̫үػ˭б´˶ľŮһ졭ĳ·˼ֿʼ˰ΣгһҲһһӵӵħŮ߽ȭ
ʱһȫװĲ³ǽֿȺӭͷȴŽͳĽ
˹μ̫ү⽫һȻ۹ĩ۹˭֪飬˵ĳƺƣҲû顣
˹СӣڻòһЦ˹ļ򣬵¶Ȩʱû
̫ү㣬¸м˹Ҳһس֮һҵʱĻһߣҪȻڵѪһҹʱԼѾһʬ塣
ˣȥŮʰɡһЦ
˹Ĵ¡һһ˺ܿ㵽ϵĳǱУõһμֽ˫ݷﾪ̾ѡ
ˣˡĩСα˳һһϣ˵һһǡ
һЦЦȴĿбӣûһ㡣
ΣҲ㣬椶ȥ档һεСƨɣоľ߹ģظԼؿĦ΢΢ЩӦĸٵϣСչǳˡ
ǰղڿɶ¶ˣΪŮ˵Ů˿ɲϲ˵һڹУһʱֲˣûṴ
СҲŹݷһһ
һɫһݷ̵ͦѩΣٺЦҲǻǷǳ֪ˡ
ݷȻһ죬еһܻԵֻЩϣϿˡ
һ׽ߵŮװӯӯ߹ţ˵һʲôλþͻӵʲôʣ⻰һûǰɬڵŮʵıı˲٣߹󣬶ֶĻڴɣʱᣬѪʱһҲٹ֮Уûκ˸ҿ
¼һЦһůдһ˿û˻жһĸ飬ûκ˺ܹᲢۣһ·һһȻףŷִҲ벻صӡ
¶ƯˡһЦӭϣдᡣ
ǣһůĴ֣һҸģɷˣݷﶼЩСС⡣
һһкˣǶʶûκθңһ˺ܿ˵ЦµĴ²ιĳǱʽʹ
ιǻƻʱ̣±ڳǱһͻĹ۾̨ϰϯһź˵һ͡ʽǷʢԺζӶ࣬˺л᳢ɳ׵ٶȻ滷пû˭սŪζǳԵòֺ»⿪һ̳յݵĺ꣬Ʋף뾫İٻֻǰٻζȴһŨңЩʲô⺣겻ҶҴţ̾ѡ
˿Ļ׵ٶ»ص֮ûô׳һȥҹУúֻһ˿ҹɫеش󺣡
ȥ𣿡¿һļͷʵ
ţĸĸǾȳһӶ޷֡һͷ˵
µͷ˵Լһȥ֪һͬ⣬ҲзִŮˣҲ֪Լʵǿ
һһˣ뿪ˮôãʮɡһЦ̷ƺС׻ûϢôȴ顣ȥѰҴ˵еĺ֮ǡ
ţþûˣЦСЩݵһСḧҲ΢΢Щ
һЦ¡ץסСƣøͦصСֵ֮ϡ
۲ˮҧ´һһۣűؿߣš
ȣϵ·ֻô㣬һ½󣬽µ´һһƵ˳̺죬˱Ƕ
㻵ҡǻطȥòãħ֣ô鷺ģ˵
һ˵µ⣬оСѸٱӲͦЦûбˣοҹɫ飬״Ǹá
»ܣȥŮҲʶȤûţٷԣһȵǵһ
һ⿪µȹ䣬ֻһ͸ƿջƵȤСڿ㣬ƤëֱǵһѪӿơ
Сһ˱˶̺⺬һȴ̽СƬ˫ȼ䣬ֻʪһƬ˿˿ҺѴӲһĴʪء
Ҫٶ¶ˡ¹ȫ类գϢޱȡ
һµСڿ㣬ſڱΧϣԲѩθ߸Ůĵ˽ȫ¶һǰһѵſˮסǰһ壬СֵѼһʪůͬʱһ
˫ڱغ֮ϣһʶŲͣĦһؿС
ҹɫлص˳ױȵĿ֮С
ڴʱһɵӰڹ۾̨Ļ۾գҲգضǶԽսŮκ죬㣬˫Ƚһ飬ȴǱ˳ȥ˵Ρ
һҲܽӴȴȻһҵĻƻŮôҼҵⲫսС¹ײ鶯糱
ûһҲͲסĸоͻȻ˹ȥӱ§סڽһ͵Ť塣
ҵػعͷóֲɳһҪѣһȴסײø
½ʼ΢΢߳ǰףһ˿ѱ֮С
һȻһӽѸ֪СҪţôᷴԣҲԼŮ֮УһԵһԵҲûʲô𡣺οһԽûһͬҲ˷ܡ
²ԽԽѩ˳һسһһǿҵӽϴɢƮ
һ̱·ڳϡתΣսСһӸߡ
СһֲˡҰ崿ֳһ˿ģСһ۴΢Ŵ˹ȥͬһԡǰ㡣
һһСĿڼȻ졣ȴޱ˷ܣ۵崿һַĿС
һһС½С򣬵һССһû뵽СѾ೤ˣ۰壬˫ͦҲС˶ˡֻҪٰĦһ£ᳬؽ㡣
˼ҳˡС򽾰ͦظƺڸѾʸŮˡ
´лع񣬴վӵһ֪ҹСѲˡ
ǻطɡ½֪һǿСǵһΣ϶㣬ֻñ
һٺһЦ绨ؽصµĹ뷿һףצȥ
Ůһƺߣ¹ϳƣ÷ţΪһŮ˵صһ
ҹעߣķĲ࣬֯һҹһַţһ⴩͸Ʋ뺣档
һ뿿ڴϣһһСŮµس˯ԣؼĩȫ˵ĺΣʾǳ̳սոɢ
˿ɫһ´һǣ̨
ºײұڣ˻ڿһɽµĿʪϢӭ
һһֻɣлŮϵĹЧȷʵܲ
ʱһһͷȥֻ˫ڸһС̨ǳЦĩɢĴ⡣
һЦ§ڻҺ˵ܲ⣬ǲˡ
˫Цתͷһ£֪ʣСŮڻڵأȴһҲҵĸܣ˼һҹ
ھͲòãһЦ˫ʵظ
ҪҶ޵ģҿһҹĴ󺣣ʮĸĸ˫ĵһĴ˵
һҲ֣Ŵ󺣳˼һ黹þɣھͻǽȻϳ
ţΪ㻹ʹһħ󣬱ϾĴ̫࣬ԺʲôҲ㡣˫
һҲô룬ʹϤѰһҲôħֻҪвϣƾһľħһħҲֻСʱɸ㶨
ħһúãһ̤䣬ֻǰһѱ˳ȥ
һǰٴγֹߣȴһֻŵһžΧһԶԲǳϲ
ôȫѵ֪ҪһתһȦ⴫ħ޹䣬Ϲܿȣˮգ壬ģƮѩ˿̣޺ޣĽ׶ҲС
ŮЦѣǰһĿЦղſħĹ͢ʦ˵ħѾʼ³ǽӣ˵³ǺʺϱϱȥǱһߣ˭֪սͻˡ
һҵĹһħͼͼħϵһģֻҪħӦĵصһ׵㡣
һӹһ˷ܵĽգĿͣڷżɫϣǰסȣģˣ𣿡
ĲȻһЦͷˮȴôҲֹס֪Ƕôˡ
ӵһʼƿһŶԱ߿أĸҷ
ˣһŮдῪʼĿ³ǡһ£ŮΧƣǴѣŮվħڣЦŴһʧ֮С


569 ⿪Ľ


³ܷΣˣ˴󲻶Ǻɳ̲ǽȴ֣Ӱܶ
һһȺŮںһƬ̾ԵĿ⣬ԭ㽫رǰ˭֪̯ôһŮֻһ
̲ȷʵǸжȼٵľѳֻϧͷ½Ů˻ʮֱأȻʲôľͱˣżòСЬ¶ѩ׵СŲںˮ֮ˣΪ̲һķ羰ߡ
³ǻʱһأô궼ûʲô仯ôЦʮҲܣڵʱĲ½˶
ףϲסһʱ䣬дħͷ˻ȥҲúܡһЦ§סļ
⵹ҲǣΪ̺ӣҶʮûгˣжϱңҿɵúúڲ½һΪãżʵȨ壬ҲõˣҶֱ£ô绨ĶϱߣܲðΨһźǵĿǰΪֹûһӡ
һ׿ĵЦգһ˿顣Լľûд޷ֹѪĵ顣޷ĨģҲҪػġ
һ·ź̲ߣߴߴĻЦڶе֮ĳһף˶ֺ׽ǽһһȥˡЦõȴȻܰسõЩʵ
һҡͷԵغСƨɺʱͻȻǰľɫЩϤʱҲͣ˽Ų
ׯ԰ʮƯɽˮƲʮֶܡźһ쳣µׯ԰޵ׯ԰ܲǲ³ġȴƷλġ
۹һȹظۡǰǰһүүͣԸ⡣빫Ըȥιһ¡һϮȹ»شȴƳƳһһ˿ֵЦͣڷϡ
һӣɻ
𣿡ЦʣеǺׯ԰۹ׯ԰ڿ۹ʮټ
ûУһʲôһȹҲʮǽȥ͡һʼЦׯ԰Ŵ󿪣һϮعѾһӭλһȹһЩӡġһŵĹΪʿǧ֮ҵص̡
ҴϥءһȹμŮʱ£μү
ضһ¡λףҲǿ۹ĻʺЩҵĽáǰȻ˵ʱϵһ±㷢˱仯кŵƣö񿴵ֱͷ
æ񣬻һİջȴʮף۹ѷǶһ۹ʵִ½һͳֻǳ飬ڲΰݶ񣬲ڵǰׯ԰͡
һ˽ׯ԰ֻŨܣСģɫ涷ޣһ󣬱㣬˵رҲ뿪
ׯ԰治ͬ죬Ҽׯ԰޵
ʺϲص͡Цûһ˿ǿ֮⣬Ͳö˵ƾϼ֦ԺǷޣССׯ԰ʲô
ˣĶܶ࣬һһռΪУܹ¡Ц˵
Ŀһ˿壬ʺȻΪŮӣǱǲ
סʱһĺӲԶǰС۽ǴͻȻһĨӰ
һЦЦһȻط壬ˮգȣ޺Ҳ¶һı顣
𣬿Ůʱº͸λĿˡѳƯǰܵСŮΪҴ
ĿɨһȼϤգȻ󹧾ظվһԣŽż⣬Ҳ֪Щʲô
ƺ˼˼΢ĸоЦʣǲǻʶ
ףҲʥħѧԺѧǼУѡһЦ
ȻˣǼȥɣΪôЦʡ
ʲô⣬һ壬޺ޣˮջȾ
ȥߡһ
ŶٴЩ֪룬ŮװΪ磬˭Ե
ûзԣֻǰһһۡ岢ׯԲһС
磬ôϲ㰡޺Цűһĸ첲
Ϊʲôô˵һʵ
ֱһŮ˵ֱôԹһͬѧ˵˵ǲǶЩʲô𻰵ȴˮգһĶ΢Ц
ˮʦƾ޾ҿǿԸ̰һ죬ȴ쵽ˮǻԲԲѡ
ˮսһһһ۵ѧҿԸϷҸŮ
ʦڵϷУԸֻȡһٺٻЦ
˸Цĵ鷽ʽǵŮЦˮս߲ѣЩǰɶѧ
ȣ޺ޡСӵϷʦ˵Ӧô죿ˮճһĶһԽЦѵŮ
ȻҪŮͬ
ɡͷҺǴֱͬҾıɱ׷򰡡һտڻ㱻Ůһӵ˵ڵأһȭ¡
һֻѱŮΧǷȭȸࡣŮţܹˣһ߲ҽһħצŮĸ߷룬Ĺȹ
ŮĸǴϻ۹˵Ůӣ֪ܲһаģֻǱͳռ˶ѣһﻹܱ˭أ
Ů飬ԽʱЦ˿졣ˮãǱѳΪһŮˣץץҲϰˣȺ޺޻֮һĹϵҲ˵֮Уһȫ֮Ǵĩй飬Ůܽߣȴۡ
һһмһ־ĻЦλŮûвǶʲô
ŮͬʱоԼе·Ħһŭһһ˦˦ɫͷ׵£ڱǼһţ̾㣬㰡
뵱ʥħѧԺʱҲһнְһչʼʩһļ⼼ɲûлķϣࡣ
ӣ컹ǡ߽еȻׯ԰ҲûбӰ˿ɷˡ
Ҫ׷ͻǡһһЦŮצ׷ؿһЦܣЦʱׯ԰

ƻʱϼ뺣ˮһƬͨͨϦ뺬¶Ϊ
һ֮ϣ뺣ˮ໥ӡģԵýļƷ˿ҡʱ顣
źľͷ˰Σǲͷŷ壬ͼѰҵԵϢȻʧˣʱطòƮȻԶһμˡ
Բ𡣡оעӣ³֣ʱʲôãǵŮˣؿɺˣһծ
ҡҡͷͻȻˮΣŮ˶ԼسԼȥζúõһ飬ٴμûʹҲûĶеֻһƬ䣬ƮƮŲ˵һ㡣
ᣬͻȻЩꡣƽ͵ˣȻöԲڵԼôأ
Ҫˡ㵽ô帧ȥϵˮֻرŤ
ܱ𣿡
忴ۡ̾һӵһҲûʲôЩҲˡֻǶ󻻳ȴϰߡ
ƨŲһЩѲĻ
ŷȻ㣬ûԤеоеֻһ˿Ի
ʱƿ壬ŷǵգüԶɽ죬ˮӨ͸̵ͦı۵촽ôһߵĻˮˣ硣
硣һ𣿡ĵ
һӵһ㣬Ƿ岻磬ҺһŮˡ
֪һν磬ҲֻŪһ顣ҵһҪΣԺֻз岻硣Щ૿
עر顣еظԵƺԼŪʲô
һ£۴ӡȥǰһڹ뷿ͽʱ֮Ǻƽ顣˵Ů֮ܵĹҲԼĸ飬ҲǲԽܡ
۾΢΢˽оشкܺŵ㡣
Ҳͼ룬˷ֿԼ촽ͻȻЦˣýޱȣŪһ£ʵҲ㣬һֱǣӵ޷İů޷٣ԺǿýáЦ˶ʻܾõĽڽ⿪ˡ
Ľѽ⣬ĵҲһ֮գЦҷǳ˶һλãֻ˵ҵػ޷İůҵҲ٣ѾůĶˡ
΢죬ԺﲻȻظһǻ΢ЦǵģĻİĶֻǣܿԼ𣿲ˣҲˣҲˣҲˣҲҪ
ʱһ˶ץץò˿֪ԼѾˡ
̤Ϧ˵ЦԶʱһ°ͶдⰻȻĪǽǳɹһŮ˸ˣɴڸӽԼˣʡû϶ۡ
һͬѧͷôһȦ̹⣿ˮЦų˳ͷ
ţʵҲͦġ˳ˮյĻг
ʵŮŮһҲûʲô޺ޣҲ⻵һˣȢ㡣Цű޺޵
޺Ŀ˿ޱһҪԶڶߡ
һޱؿͻȻõЦݣࣵһ޺޴һ£ٺЦ޺ģһ۸ͷˣʰǡ
޺޶ʱϼ棬ѩ׵ؾӶ۷һƬˣԺΨһͷ
ô̸ͦߵһǰһǣŵ֡
Ȼ죬һ˯üЦСִ˷ϡ
СһȵŮһЩҲһҪ˵Щʲô
Ҹһ˯֪ģҼҵĸ첲˯žһȷ黹죬ٺٻЦ
ᣬˡǰᴸһȭղŵֱͨͨ
Ǻǣ˭ͨңү棬ǻ˵㡣һЦ۵
һŮЦֲѣÿ࣬һĿ޵ƳһüŮӿ϶ԼĲ²⣬϶ԼˡֻһŮԽԽ֮࣬ǰнٵŮҲʼˣƾһʱıº͵λܴһգڲ½Խбµ檾Խ࣬㲻ȥѰҲŮһȻ飬ÿһŮ˶һͬʣõǻʲôأһ۽ҲߣһŮҲϣһǣž޵ŮǴһҲۣദʮǢͬǲ١
ʱϦƽߣɫ谵ʱׯ԰Ѱһǰи硣
һصʹʱҹɫȥЪϢŮȴһһһ
Ƕ֪һҪȥӪĸĸһȥֻһûͬ⡣ֻţ׵ٶǰΪħһѪһϢʮУҪҲᱻҵħɭˡʱҪһħطúܡ
һ̬ȼŮҲǿĵ˸Եķ䣬һƵһֻ˵һȥû˵ô찡һͬء


570 


ղ³ǵҹɫʮˣ¹뺣棬۵⣬ź˵ҫƮҡ
˶˵öźźͣźߵ˯øˣ¶΢ЦʲôΡ
±ߣһӰϣɫķ˿裬ֱһ߲٣ᲦɾдַӴ˼ƮƮطɳ֮
һƮȻӵûдֻϸϸö̺У̺˼
㶨İ̷̱ƺŮСˣһ룬ױ̷ƼŸϻغ֮أ
ŪҵָԽԽ죬ֻһƬƬӰ߲кɫâתâӯ󺣡
֨ȻסңȻֹͬʱǷ󺣵ʹâȻըֻһ죬һƬֱа׵ˮ𣬻һ£Ǿˡ
һıӰ΢΢Щʹǰߣʱֱߵ߲ѾȥֻǺ峺𵭵ȹµ˫ѻΪһɫβ
̷ƺС𣿡һ磬ԴԼļϣۺʱԸΪŮ˳һƬ죬ԼıΪڷ絲ꡣ
صͷӶ𣬱̷ƺСױһֱߣ͵͵˺֮ôãһϢûУǻ¡
õģǻûµģȻҲ֪֮˲֪ںôã˵ǻ֪أһḧɫ㷢ο
ʹ׵ٶɳǶ˵֪һϤϢ԰
ǻС֪Ҳ˻֪أû֪Ҿʹα󺣣һջҵ֮ǵڡһᶨ
үижȥַ˳ĺһĺܳΪŮˡ
ˣɶ飬̫˷ˡһЦķ۵
ЦֻҪߣﶼá
þöûˮˣһȥˮϴԧԡòãЩѾͷһܵñӻ죬ڿֻˡһһ˵
šԶүһԧԡͨ죬ʱĳ񣬿ɲǺںɵ
ɫβһΪһĻߴӸ߸ߵԾ뺣棬ں˼ȦԴˮЦųϵһ֡
һٺһЦˣƵռת뺣ףһˮûǰˮ˶п϶ýơ
Ϊ㣬ںˮˮһԳƽСʱѴ߲㣬ºû˿⣬˵ȫı䣬ëˮȡҪ
֣һ㳯źȥʱ˱غֻϧˮɣȴѲڡ
ЩĬ̷Եǿʯͷ˼֮
̷ư˵һʱ϶µġƶһ˵
Ȼ£̷ưôԸĻԿһ˳Ļ
ԿôȴеĵЦһ
һٺһЦ˭ϵʷͳôһԿҲԩ
үƤȡЦ
㣬˵үĻһ۴ų׷ȥҲֻѡ
ɫβһΪһϳȥһ򲻽׷󣬲ʱħצеβ͡
һ棬һӣһ͸ĺɫγɣɫβҲΪֻԲ޳ȣôվںϡ
һˮĵĳϻ䣬һ˿ҵľôǰɫ»Դ͸ϣͬһλðɫʡ
˿̣ûκôһжʾ뷨
öļᣬⲻײͬʱҲĵڡ
һȵСֵܼʪֻܴȫȫÿһϸõػǰеľɫʧˣֻһдĺֱĵף
¹ˮĻת۵Ĺâӡź䶯ӰŲ
үͦһ֫צһסһ¶ӿ
߳Ͻһı䣬һ衣
үҳʲô𣿡һ߱ϣſһȴץסһƽɫ㷢ɨһ°͵ĺӡ
Ȼүѧˣô򵥵ⲻҵôһЦŴѩ˵
үִţ溣ֶʶѧأЦ
ҲǲʶװʶһôߵؽֻĹɷ졣ȻʪϪȴö
һסһֵش֣үҶ˵Ҹղڳʲô
ղųô࣬үҾʹܽһ¡ǸĴ˼ϲ㣬ҪԶһ𣬶ԲԣһЦſ۴ŵľģһ⣬裬Ҳ඼˼ˡ
ݵصͷﾡСǡ
үҶ˰ɡһЦٴѹȥһں

һĨشӴ󺣾ͷ֣µĿӭ͵Ƿ׷𴲣ʼһ
ǱʽʹĹ۾̨ϣһŮѾۼһãţһǽһǰǴ˵е
ǧĸǣ֪ܶԼӵʵǿȻĲѣҪǰĿǧҲû˵ĵط
߶߶ҪһעעǸ
һԱƵӦţû˿زͷ෴ֹػ
һȥǾͲκˣҺˮȻħ˭֪Ƥϻ᲻ڸǰ״ɳ˵
ãҲħλøˣ˳Һܿɣ㸸ҲǻӭúܡһЦ
Ǻǣ֪ͺãһÿɳӽȭͷˮһͬ򶫷Ů𣬱շ𣬻ΪһӰʧʡ
ףҲˣĶϱǺúڴ½棬ҺܿһЦڶϲһŮһƬǣץţ˳ȥɳˮķȴǽȻͬһϣһȴϡ
⺢ӡһʧķһĴȰ
ֱԶ³ǵĺ׵ٶ͸³ǲ¶׵ľڿзɳۡ
һţڸ³ϣȴﵽ׵ٶϡ
ȥԼɰ׵ٶת޴ͷŭһ
Ƿ찡ֲӰʲôһٺЦţȴ׵ٶ·ḧ
ջצӣ׵ٶ޷޲ƽؽвȥظȻΪǿԸоõ
صô㶼ܿóһЦȴ˻֪׵ٶѾЭˡ
ڸ³ǵؿ͸ðˡһһȭͷԵ̱ȥ׻˵ǰԺҵٱҲ
һһ׵ٶܵĴ·ٳȺȥ
󺣺ǰ̫ƽ֪˶ٱ׵ٶȫеٶȶ˺üŵȺΧ
һƵһƬ죬̾һɸأһ嵹ǻط
øʲôƨһĵطǧԿãôôĶ³ڲ½Ұˣһ޾ɡ
˵ҲǡƣֻҪúҵСܣԺȥĵطһסΪεĸ³Цջ
³ǰһؿ˿׵ٶҽˡҽһһŮأҿ԰ء
Ǿ˵һ꿡ûĸԸȢһٺЦ
ҽ㿴ǣͲͬˣôҿҽҲرͬҸҿ϶һкøСϽ㣬ôʲôҿʲôû˵³𾢣ȻеһʵǺԼСӣԺ󻹲Լֻ˵šǰͻȻ׵ٶ
СӺ׵ٶһץ³ǣһȭӣʲôʱǸкøˣˡ
򣬾³Ǳͷ۲ҽС
׵ٶŸ³ǵؽ߼һŰ뺣ʱһסĽšˣ˼һ¾ˡȻ֪ﻹ˻Ϊ˵ء
׵ٶ΢΢һȣؽţһξͷŹ㣬ٺ˵˵˺졣
³ֱһһ򣬻
׵ٶݵ˸³һۣȴûٶ֡
ˣһôȥɣȥºܿᱻ֡һ˵
ǶܰԼϢذɣ׵ٶƽʵ
һ˶ͷʾԡ
ͿˣĿֻۣҪϱɡ׵ٶ˵֣ƬۣпԸоǿҵһϢ
һӹƬۣѾ׵ٶ˼ֻҪϢٴۣô㲻ôײǵˡ
ȺֻмǸ볤Ϣ֮أûеõǲܽȥģҺ͸³ȻȥصתţϿܲҵǽȥ׵ٶ˵
û⣬ֻǵʱôǣһʵ
ɣǾ͵һţҹʱߵʯ̲ϵҡ׵ٶ룬ָߵһС˵
ϣ׵ٶ͸³һ߿գΪȺ֮ϡ
壬ӦûܺɡһţƬ۷ֺãţ໹Ƶı׵ٶ˵Ǹ½
⵺Ⱥ˵Сһľ죬ﻨ㣬ȴǼá
ϴȥţþ˵
Ĵɣ˵屦࣬ܲѹһЩһٺٻЦֿʼŻ⡣


571 С


˽䱸ųȥֲﶯżʣ඼ĩţǴ۽硣
ϢЩǶǣøʲôøʲôе׽׽סƽ˺ǣһ벻ˣѵ嶼ص𣿿׵ٶɳڲ½ԴȣرжӣԾʳﰡ
˲ãǰʱһ峺ĵˮеӳƣһǶϵĴӣرƯ
ϴʲôӰһֻţ
ô֪⵺СûסҲסԼȥˣ˵ȻҪץʱйϵ˶ˡһٺٻЦԽԽпܣ˵е˼ǧ궼޷ԸԳһӣѵΪĳ֪ʶǷȱԵʣ
һšһһ£⻵үͰغ˵˵
˺ˣϢһ£ҵԵĵӡһץס˵ͦģǵĸҲˣǽЩɴܵĶϡ
Ϊ˲й¶Ϣһþֻɫʰ쵵ط
ëʸһǳɣգۼտ硣ţֻʿˮֻţһգգضżϵĿ⡣
⿾ð졣˽ͷһ˿СֻһһͷԼʮ׵ػƽһ˵ǰ棬ֻۺشˣȻĿⶢϵĿ⡣ʣǾһ˿ˮ
СܵܣģǲǶˣһƽκ峺֪һͷĩؾһĻƽζڰҡ
ҲСܵܣá硣ôҼˣСԡȴ۵СŮ
һܴӡٺٸЦǼƯߣ㸸׺أ
Сֵؿһһۣûиֻףǲ֪𣿡
Ǳչغܾˡոոճأܶ鶼ǵˡһһСһҵһ֪ˡһǣǿɣССҲֱ治
ѹˡҲڱչأҲ֪ʲôʱû档Сûлɣֻį˵
ǼҾ𣿡һһʵ
ţϵ˶ǣ磬Ҳ᲻𣿡СﷺˮȻ
Ȼᣬôɰô᲻أˡǰСͷ˵
СϽһһʮҵƯСѾͷһɫСȹӣ΢Ľڼϡػ
ү˵ҪԺſԻΪε𣿡ྪһ˵
⡭¶⣬椶СһԻΪΣֻѾͷͺô۹˵һҲһɻ
СѾͷɢ͵ĸԹԣο£СѾͷ齥ֹס
Сãʲô֣һСѾͷ´뿴ڲͬ
ҽǡֻգ۾ǣʲô֣СѾͷһĺһС
ǵҽһλ㣬ţ硣һܵСѾͷ֣еɻˣǿɲһ֣׵ٶ͸³ǵֱԿó
ǹɵشкΪһʶô˸еʮ˷ܣ̫¶ˡ
ţ磬ͷϵôôָ֡ţͷϵţʵ
ţʲôֵġţԽԽĿ⣬˵
Ŷ磬ͷΪʲôһûأǲǳҲΪϲǰԺǾҼס°ɣǾͲįˡǲԼͷȻûǣСûһ
ǺĻһеģԼĴϣЦãԺ棬ȥĵطĳлƯ·кööˡ
Үǡ׿϶ͬġ˷ܵػһ漴ֵ
˵ͬġһЦؽ𷢡
һõЦݡСһдֲں°ͻȻоһֱůůûа취ġ
ϴˡţſˮ
һûصţһۡһֱһִӿռָͳζϣѳɽɫĿһʱŨࡣһεε֭У̵˶ʼ̿ˮһеǸ˫۵ԲûŹŵζ
һת¡ӿ˳ʼʳ˺һֻȵݸЦ԰ɣա
Ȳؽӹһҧ¡ֻƤۣ˳ɿڵ֭˳ͷºζʼڿǻзɢɾˣûͷȥ
úóԣҴûгԹôóԵĶ۰Ͱ͵һ塣
ҵҲ㣬԰ɡһЦŽԼһҲȥ
ŵǣҲ㡣ϲʳƷֻżųһ㡣ϲ㽫ԼһҲ
㡣Ҳ˹
ţҧڣĩػζһ¡Ҳ˹ѾͷţҲ㡣
˸ͻȻ۵һһæҵһοŮ˿޺ðΡ̧ʵ֮⣬û˭ôá
ǲޣԺõģ˭۸ǵСǣһŹһĨȥСѾͷϵˮʱĵײµһʲôѾͷ²ô򵥡
ΪЦõؽ˵ؿȫԹˡ
磬ҴȥҺסĵطкö౦ءǵһϣֻϵζůиϵζ
һٺЦŽǾ֣ھͳ
ǵָǰһɫʯ̳ɵĴ··Ǹ߸ߵǧһ˲һĳׯ԰ĸо
·ľͷһ԰̺ظͼ·Ҳ̾ͣ紵Ƭڿз裬ɾ
һŴͣôʲôʱҲϸ
үǲطˡ
ϴǼҵ԰еһˡţ˵
磬ҼƯƯЩݺľԵģϿûСǵ˵
ã˲ŻӵɻƬ԰һڻ԰м俴µľݹɵСԺǷ񣬺۹һֹϵĽ
ǣʲôʱԻΪεģһʵ
˵һͿԻΪΡǴ

һ˼ľݣ㷢İװζ໯ľƵĲһ׹صľɲߣЩͷˡ
磬ݲ裬һûһĻıؿʼڲݲ裬ǲҶӦǻ֮ġ
һ˼ŴƬΪʲôȺôһطôһĸŮʽֱ죬Īǡһ뵽һܣǲҿ϶
ĻľƮûһǱıǰϲЦ㣬ղҳǵĿ⣬ǺȲ衣˵ֻǼء
һ豭һڣֻ㵭ţڲ½ҲƵϼƷֻȴûг⵽ֻƳɣһֲ½ûеƷ֡
ܺúȡһЦ̾ǵЦá
һкܶ౦øǿǳһľгһ澡رʯʲôġ
еıÿɡǰֵذľĶ
໥һۣЩĬһбʯڲ½ƵһʲƸ˵ĩ̫һ㡣׻Ǳħ׷ɱصħɭ֡ȴںһݻˮǽ̾͵ؽ鱦
㡣ôˣǲûаҿһЩǡץһѱʯ˹Ӷˡ
ԣ㶼ûأôҪǵĶأһؽץıʯľСҪ֪ڲƱĳ̶ȵһֱ̬ĵزӵɽҲٽƱָȴܽͼٵıʯ͸һμǡǲݡ
һһǰͻȻʹһһɽ鱦СɽǰЦǣǸ͸ؼ񡣡
۾ֱֱضһСɽ޷ܱɽã̧ͷŵһ磬ЩĶ𣿡
ȻԺ绹ࡣһЦ
Үǿɰϱɽ鱦ڵذϹյľݶ
һӣѹһЩû뵽ûѹεͳһѣǿĵģҲøˣ뵽ʱӱŪ
ɫܿ찵Ȳ½ûһ˿һȣʮˬ
һĻдαСζظ˵ƯһֻߴߴС˵Ļ
׾ⶴչأ˵һ¾ͻģڶûָŲԶһʯɽǰҶ
ǰױչʱҲ𣿡һʵ
ÿҪչأÿζһ£ʱ缸ټûһôáС
һ΢΢üСþ̽Ҷһ˵չصĶڿ϶᲼½磬һľȴûκ谭ое㲻̫̽붴УӦһ΢
һɫһ䣬±ǷҶУֻöһ׳Ļƽڵأ۽Ѫ˿ƺߵľͷ
סеǱһΪһâ˹ȥͣǾ޴ͷ
һڶв½磬ԼϢйȻðȻס׵þ̽飬ɢอ𣬶ƺǿơ
磬ȾףȾСԣһܵˣֻ۴ޡ
Ƿģ׻ûµġһοŽǵݸſһָüġ


572 


һ뾫͸ʶɢɢษһɵ顣
ȼһ󣬴ҳ¾һǿǶ֪һ˹ʱܲκδš
һ԰׵ɫüͷµĺ飬˽ֵּǡ
Сǽץס֣һƬʪֲ嵽ԼĻġ
ͻȻ䣬һ԰׵Ŀһ鴤յ˫Ȼƴü͵ʥⲨưھϣһûڡ
ʥԣơһһھüĵָͷһǿİ糱ˮӿ˹ȥվֻһ󼤵վȵ˺ü
׵һʹľΣڴڵ³ѪĲȴȻǿ
һջعƣչȫ类һ̱ڵϣֱҲ֪ĸ̬µùƣй⿪Ҳɡ
үû°ɡһԱ£ģû۵ᡣ
һҡҡͷʵضھǰһЦݵǡõģѾûˣһˡ
硣ǸտѪΪҲˣʱԶʱһϲ
Ȼôƭ㣿һЦѭһȦоָһЩ
һߣСֲȥϵĺ飬млл硣Ժǻᱨġ
ɵѾͷ㶼Ҹˣ쾭壬õű𰡡һݸһЦǴĵϲСѾͷ
Ҫģ˵˵ˮ֮صӿȪ౨ԺǵˡǸʲôǾ͸ʲôС۵Сһ֣أƺ˵һԡ
һЦŽ뻳УͷãԺǹԹĻòã˵ʵЩ𺳣һСѾͷ˵˵ˮ֮صӿȪ౨ػ֪Ӳŵֺ֮ࡣ
ţԺǾĻǻϲЦˣƵһһ㡣
ʱľ˶۾üԹе
ףˣЦš
գգ۾ԼŮһӵߣԱ߻վŶһŮȻһϢȴһˡ
ϽһΪһŽɫȹ˶ɫس䣬ٷǳ£ºֻͣȾһ˿̬Ĳ԰ס
Ǳ˹ȥ׵ĻС
ḧǵ㷢ӦһԼ壬ͻȻһŵľϲŮһڣЩҽɯлλľ֮
һǺһЦղѾлˣͲÿˡ
ףλ㣬ˡǱŴһУСЩԵظ°͵ĺӣҲ֪Ϊʲôرϲĺӡ
ɯŮһ΢΢Щ⺢̫¶ˣҲ̫ȱ⼸λûж⣬ϣǺǴһֻڴǧṳ̂㣬⼸λͻȻãҲ֪ǵѡ
ʱ췱ǣһһ󣬾׶顣
ɯһ˻ص԰еСľݣһг˯ȥ
һǷڴϣǸո˹һĲ֣˵Ҳ
ұɣҲءһЦһɳ嶯Ҫ谮СŮ
ɯεصͷһȱĺһܵڴѾõůô׷أ⼸ս뿪ģʱָô죿
ɯ˼ˣ浾λڵֻ֪ΪʲôȺǵƺǱġ
һͷһڵûǵȷ͵͵Ǳģǲûж⣬һǧǰħһӺһ幫ҲӦ֪ɡ
ɯɫͫһһΪ¶
ʵɣ˽ʱŮŮҵŮˣСŮҡǸŮǰҲ׵ٶ͸³ǴǶϣۺ櫾ȳҲϣܰæһֿ˵
ԭˡղ˵ŮˣɯһЩ㱡
ûһһڲ裬ʵŮˣֻ֮Щ˼ѵ㲻֪Ľעһ̫ݣһȴҪ°һڹ¿жȹЩһ˺ӣǺӾԶòЩ𣿡ɯЩ
ô𣿡һʵ
ɯһһƬ㯡òŵͷÿǿ۾һڣڲܸҵĺһĵͯ꣬ڲܸһؼҡ
Ҳ˵㰮һࣿһʵ
ҴûкڰֻǡҵĺӡɯЩ룬˵¡
˵ɯ櫵ıãħһ˽Ҳܵ־Ӱ죬ֵҲ͵͵Ⱥ½ǰ˰ǰˡΪĴڲ½ĶȽʶһĽʥʮ̸ڼﶼһڲ½Ĵðաʱ֮㻥㺡ӳڹ֮ңţʮֶڵĺܶϰ߶ԴǱĬ
ɯһϵŮһݽȥʲôǶ׵˾֮⣬˲һеؽˣܿУֻеҪ꣬ܵȵüڲúǿн֮˽֮Сϣ⣬Ͳ뿪
ʱధͳټǸһ棬һĺӡʱ櫵ĸҲı磬Ӧһȥ½Ǹ˴ȴ֪ǰһѾֹѶá
֮Զ˵ô࣬ǲҵ·ھұͱ飬һᾡ㡣ɯ̾Ϣ
ллعģҺԲ·ΪҵҲҵŮ˾ʹȥһ꣬ʱˮ񣬷ӡ˵ûƣֻҪɱŪԱɺĲϹˡ
ɯһ˵󻰣ֻôܻûȥ
ү쵽ʱˡʱһ
һ˿ɫͷʱ׵ٶԼʱ䡣
һеתƵɯУ˯еǲŤһ£ŵ׷ҷϢҲܿ찲
ҪСģиӦħ˴һᾪͳǡɯ
ллǻСĵġһ˵˴Ҵҷߵʯ̲
ʱܿ㵽ˣ죬󣬵ȴӰһ
ٵһʱ׵ٶȻûһüͷǲõˣ׵ٶ͸³ǳˣǲˡ
ô죿ţͷϵţʵ
ô죿ǻǼȰɡһʼ磬ûϤ˴·ҲðȻ룬һݾôӪĸ͸Ӽˡ
ʱһһ޴ɽ׵ٶ͸³ڶתתȥ
㣬㵽취˵Ҫ£ǽǲΪǹİɡ³Ǽ
򣬺˵˵ǲǡ׵ٶҲķ³һٻһΪŭһŽƨɡ
ҽûҲҽ㣬Ϊ˵ҿͿ㡣³סƨһԹ
㡭㻹˵׵ٶȭͷвһ£ݵŸ³ǽŵС˵ʲôл͵ӡȴ˸Ҳڹؽա
лģǴյĺϽ㰡Ҽÿһѻ¸ˡ³
ˣҵʧǵһ취ȥǡ׵ٶͷػӻ֣ɽǿ磬滹ţҪȥɲһѡ


573 Ǳ


׵ٶ͸³ûг֣һ˱Ǽ嶼רأһ²׵ãҲõı巢֡
ɯ·õľϣһһ߿Ż԰һһСӰ׷𣬽¶Цݡ
ҵһμôģһϲСɯһЦ⣬ᣬʱĺܸл⼸˵ĵĵ˻Ц
ʱһӣȻϲСˡһڻĿ׷һӰֻҪߣ;ðģϲٹ¿ࡣһصˣڵĵطԶٲ˻ЦƦƦαװԼڻûΣְֺż¶Ĳɣ˸У֪ʵһκ˶ĵطŨʵ꣬ĵط
ңһ濴ͳһ½Ļߣһ½ɽȴԸɽˡɯŻ԰һǱõЦݣЩ̫ף֪սĲпᣬҪͳһ½֪ҪҪѪھһ֮ΪʲôȻ˲õЦݡ
ɵ꣬ݲ顣ǳЦšһƬ룬ˣڽ˭Ҳ޷ȡˡ
ɯһЦҡҡͷԼӰӣһ밮֮еŮûǿԵءɶ˻֪ǻȴȻͣ·չĳ
һɲ֪Ůô̸ģĵСˣ֣Сһ𡣻ĳͯ棬ӴܵӵȾۻꡣ
磬ˣҪСһŤһСЦͨͨ졣
ˡˣ۲ۣһЦͣ֡һһƬҷ罬ϴһĳοգһ롣һһȺӾɽҰĻ֣Ǹһô鰡
СǼһ£ССϡظغӣ磬ԺҲҺ𣿡СС˿ֹΪˣźʧȥоװůͻȻʧˡ
ţ粻ԶҪһǴϺòãϻкܶĵطءһЦŸСĽ𷢡
ҲȥһڼįءС˵
ȥ벻ǣҲ벻ףȻҪһȥˡһЦ
磬áСǻһһһڣȻһֻһףȥϢ

Ѿˣ׵ٶ͸³Ƕûг֣һЩѵˣıûһ㶯ûа
ڵҹͻȻһըףۣƮô꣬Ϸһ˸߹һˣŴЩСһľ
ʱǾһůĻ˯죬¶Ц⣬ǰ̨Ϯ׵ú£һůĻסǺХĿ綼˴
һ˼ԲߣֹصȥŪϵ׷ʲô顣
˼ţͻȻ֨ѽһˣڰһܼɯ޵ݣвЩ棬ɻΪɯҹˡ
û˯ɡɯúڰ֮һĵĿ⣬һʵ
ǲǳʲôˣһʵԣɯô϶¡
ǲȥ𣿽һûᡣɯ
һüͷһ´ɯ߳䣬ʵа취ˣ
·ǧĺ׻ӿһɵˮⰵĳһһʱ⵭ˮһںܿرգֻҪץסһ˲룬ᱻֱ뵽ĺͲᾪϵĸӦħˡɯ˵
ģֵطֻͳǻ᲻֪һоϲʵ
ֳ뷽һȥǺϴԡżֵģҲ֪ӳȺȥ½ģӦû֪ɯ£һЦ
ǻʲôھȥǡһ͵˵ǰڹرˡ
籩Уɯһ˴뺣СˮԶܿɯǱ밵ӿĺ
Ȼɯ˵ںһǿĵˮһѨӿĺˮμء
˲һӿصˮͻȻһ޴һ㿪ʼѸٷ
ʱǿȥɯе
Ȼһɯûԥȥţգۼ䲻Ӱٹһʧ׵Ϣرպˡ
һסֻǴ˵ص׼ףȻͻȻӻһ㿪ʼŻһһ֮С
һܳˮ档ںϵ
һţԴҲˮĬضһ񣬿ʼźȥ
ǳ󣬿ƺеصҪ󣬵סֻһҺߴһңټһЩҲһ٣˵׵罻ӣӦöڶ˯ɡ
˰ȫ˰
ҵһεСɽξ޴һҲЩܼܣСɽȫϵߵء
ϴǲҪȥ͵ӡţʵ
һţһǱ͵ƨ⵺ϵζûҪŪκҵ׵ٶܡ
ţԴЦ͹ˣѪڣıʲôֱɡ
ȥ̽̽ΣţϢǧҪ¶һһ̴ܽʧ
Ѱһߵأһ»ˣԶֱ߷ؾľס֮ˣ˵׵ٶҲӦס߷⵺ϻߵͲȵɽ壬ԶһƬɣͷ
Щһ֮⣬˴ĵ죬ҪҲһʱܹ飬Ψֻҵ׵ٶǵİʲô鶼Ҫ׵öࡣ
һŵϵ߷ǰþΧһԷϢйΪ׵ٶ˵ظǽϣͻƵ񾳽壬ʵһǳǿ΢һϢ¶пؾ
ûһһѵ߷ɽ£ǰȴǶȻֹͣϢһŴӰ
ɽأȻʱڴ˯ǵľʱ޿̶ԼصķΧ֮ڡ
Щ鷳һ⼸ʵǿҲҪ֪ĸ֪ΪеģʹϢ𣬵ֻҪһᱻһǬŲ˲ƼףľַΧɲֹװ
һԿռħЩоȻЩ鷳ʧĻԭشɽӦòѣؼǿռħǿҵħױ֡
¡һըףڿлһŵ⡣
һǰһϵħԪŨһӦɣٺټЦǻһĻߡ
һһʶе׵ϵħԪչʼۼŨĵϵħԪء
еԽԽ񣬷ӿ񱩡
ôôûͣԽԽˡһɽµĴɽ
һצػɽǰһһ÷飬һ
ŸոտʼһҴܣʮӶΧŵֱ
ûֻѵ켵ҳ̫˧𣿡û뵽׵ϵħһΪ׵ϵħҲ뵽˻֪رܿϵĸӦħ󴳽
ͻȻ䣬ںһһִˣ˶С
һ䣬ֵľ˻һ̣һǬŲ˼۷壬嵽˰ɽ
βһɨµɨٶԼصķΧھ䣬˿֪Ѿɽˡ


574 


һɿسɽ嶥ƶܿһ޴ɽǰɽǰø챦̳һĴ·ıԵͬżȦһпĲƴֻ֣߯Щ
ľǰûκͦĵģһ˵Ǻ¡
ϸϸһһʼСؽɽһȥɵˣ૵õͨõͨ
ħɭֵˮȴ𺶣ʮףʮףһֱֱͨȥۻӲӣεͷˣɽȥףֳ֧ͬȫ䱦װΣ˭龰ⲻʧ̬ȣ۹Ĺұƨǡ
һסҪЩƱͨͨɨռָĴ㣬˭֪ȱرΪ֪᲻ЩƱжֽţһһͷ⡣
һ֧ǰûиӦϢƺһѨ
תһ֧һÿһξһʯңʯǿյģûκβƱװΣ֪Ǹʲôõġ
˲ã֧ͻȻû·ˡͷһĽ磬һʮֺʲô
ҪҪƿȥأһЩԥǰҪ֪׵ٶ䣬бҪʱȥƿ
ֻһתһ룬׵ٶܱסǲǱýأ
һ룬һ;￴þסȫھ֮Сٽ忿磬԰ڽԣ֪ؽ硣ֻǿǿȣҪ໨һʱˡ
ġһһһ㼷֮УţؼʱǧҪ˽ҪȻӿڽ֮СҲ˵ͿԳġʱ⡣
һʱһڲһд˽磬ֻûüһͻһգ˿ʼ׹䡣಻ʤӲס塣ûзһҪƽµĵһӦǼС
һʱһͻȻЩԾһ˫Բɡæס͡СĸβûӺ˳
찡ʲôһֻһֻһֻӲӵľ׵ٶλƬȸ޷֮ȡյ˫ͷֻмףܸоʱ
һסСɽڿȥֱ˯ľЩˣſʼطӦɽ·ǶѻؽƱڲƱ˯Ŵ
ԣȫĵһžתؽµûͷӦþɣʱеʶʶ֮ΪȫһչʱַЧȷֳһʶҪõöࡣ
Ǯһʱ񣬴ĲƱ̾庣ǧףЩƱǴɽ϶Ļĺܾˡ
ʱһӦöûʲôоֻҪִǲоѵأĵӴࡣ
ôƱҲûãһ㣬ֲһٺٻЦһһ潫Ϊصرɨռָڣܿ죬ռָŵظӸ
һþ˻ȥʱͻȻѹһķؽӡӡһ͹αǣҪӡзɳƵġ
ӡһͫһҪؿɾͲһӡˣֶܿ顣
һϢظӡԱߣ˫סֻӡ޴ѹţ˿ϰĻ¾
ʹ˶һǾԲĵأΪֵòʧ¸ոѹεĲƱҲ³
һ°͵ĺӳ˼ţͻȻظࡣݶ׵ٶɳʵ飬ĸǺеģֻҪһӾͻܲˡ
һӿռָҵһëˢӣɨɨеУӴ˶ӡȴȻѹ¡
Ͳ㲻үүġһţеëˢٴɨ
Ӷ˶ӴŲŤŤʱһɿĽӡ³˳ëˢռָһ˽磬ʱ߸ʱ
һӶ˳ɫѴ̫߸ڿУûҹڻҪ֪س廹еѶȵġת棬뿴ûĳ·ȴͻȻְɽо֣ӽһػһںɽǰ
ᣬʵɽǼλԶˣһϵϢӽġ
׵а취Ū˸硣ҪȻӳ
ȴεոձѡΪ̯ôһݲ¡ֲǲ֪һĵһǷųٲ˹һٺᡣ
һ˸ʲô취ûУǲܷǰɣɲˡ
̾ʲô취ǸǶ׼ҩ׼ɡϣˣҸܹҪȻǶкӹ
һֱЦû뵽׵ٶĶﵽ̶ֳȣһת뵽һ취
ǾͲòˣǹܿҪˡһͻȻһ۴ͷŶ
˭̾ҪǴһϸоһϢϾͻֵᷢľ
ȻǹĩķյŮԺ󶼲õˣҵػ鷳ҾͳһٺЦ
λ໥һۣǿû˵°
ǵȻ֪ˣ⻹һܣǿɲҪҴһñ֪ǿɾͲˣ𣿡һ˵
ģʲô׵Ҳɵʵ
ҷ뿪Ǳ񡣡һɫһӲӵӡϷת
λһӡӣлɾһ´˶еĽ硣
һӡ붴У׵ٶ͸³ίҵؿڶϣһͷ̧һ¡
³ǣҲӭһ𣿡һٺЦ
³׵ٶͬʱһֳգգ۾
㡭ҿˡ³һһѱ˹ȴһһߵһߡ
㡭ôˣ׵ٶЩʵ
װأȥһЦǰ§ס׵ٶ
׵ٶһ죬ҪһȴյĶҪȥ͹Թ
һ§׵ٶӶ߳׵ٶһߵģλŴͣþһް㻳ɡ
ţܣǼκ𣿡һλ
ףףͷİɡλͷЦܽһؼһǾһ㰡˵ƾһܾ׵ٶħצҲǸж£һӡ˵ĻĸҲ
һ׵ٶߣ׵ٶһѰ⿪һ§ϵצӣûû§
˵û㻹§𣿡һЦ
ΰɣǿǳķϣצӸˡ׵ٶߺߵ
һʼ磬Ϊ⡣
ˣô쵽ģôģһôĻأ³Ȳʵ׵ٶҲһ
ɽơһ뵽ռָеӡ뵽䱦ϵЦԽˡ
׵ٶһɶЦݣʵںҪǰ߾ؿڵӡݺݵӣ㵽˵˵
Ͳһ𣿡һָָץСֱԹ
׵ٶһƿ֣һЩŮһʱ飬һ˱飬գգ۾һ͸˼
һ³ͬʱ㵯һҲһصļƤ
Ͻ㣬ͱˣҿһӶѧˡ³Ǹֱһ񺮵ı顣
һһΪȻصͷ׵ٶɺתתסбļæ˵ǿԻʵһطʽ
ʲôʽ׵ٶҧгݵŭӣƽһװᣬȴ쵰ȡЦˡ
ҡһ¡һ˵
ǳһϵǣ׵ٶûŭһƽһ˵ðҴӦ
棿һһɡ
档׵ٶȭͷʼֱ졣
ƭˣһһ
ƭ
׵ٶ˫һƬֻͣȫŨϢΧ촽ѱһĴµ˿Ϸ죬һԺһƬհס
ֻӣһĩĸ㴽ζҲ
׵ٶӽʼָ鶯һһҲǾظ³ǣŸʲôܡ
³ɵɵӦһûŪΪʲôԼҲҪһܣȴظŶˡ
һܣҪɱ㡣׵ٶŭ㳯ݵ׷ȥ
·ֻӰε׵ٶ׷ǿ񱩵ŭ
˭˹ף԰ӲǱؽѵųˣ룬϶Ƿųˣ̫ˣӦúúùǼ꣬ʡǻЩ
һҪľЧһʯһ͵㣬׵ٶŭܿɽʡ
һܵһƬ֮У˸ɲתӣ漱׷׵ٶ⧲ֱֱĻС
嶯ҪǾ˳ǿɾͲˡһЦ׵ٶ
׵ٶҧҧȴʲܰװ⻵Сռ˱˰
㲻֪ΪʲôΪʲô׾ٵؽǴ𣿡һ׵ٶɷ޷޲ƽæ˵
˵׵ٶһŽһ˺ϱĴ߳أһ
һզ࣬㽫νķ˵һ飬ȻӿռָóӡٺЦǿʲô
ӡ׵ٶܾһ
εõģ׵ٶʡ
ȥǣش㸸չصı֮Уҿ㸸ȫӡԱߣȻ˳ǣùˡһ赭д˵
˸ıߡͬʱ۷һζʳһ㶢һ
ʵӡǲǻıǱеıﶼǸصģƽʱǿһ۶ԡ׵ٶץסһֱۣƺ˸ղŻ޲óӣ֪Ʊ
ûУҵʱֻӡ㸸ͻȻѹ˼һæҡͷҲܳϡ
棿
档
ƭˣ
ƭˡ
׵ٶЩйٷְٿ϶һû˵ʵɲôһ㵨ӣҲû취еı͸³ǿǴ˺þõˣԱȱеıЩװε䱦֪˼Ρ
ߴӡӡˣȥؾĸĸˡһ˵
ڻУزʱɲֱӳȥҪȻᱻǲģҿǵõȵʱ˵Ǹȥ׵ٶ޾ɵƽʱ͸³ǳȥЩ϶һֻ۱һֻۣǷǳʱڣȻǰˡ
Ҫһüͷּ׵ٶòСЦι⸱飬ǱҲв٣ұ㸸ĲʱȳĸĸһҲûʲô
׵ٶһõЦݲԸеıһÿĻȣ¶һŽ׵ݡһȣɿ˼ģЩȻƿԺһֱֳǸǡ
ûҵķݰ³ճĲ֪һıʮа˾ıߣɲɵ˵ֵһЩء
ȻУô˵ҲСһٺЦų׵ٶգգۣյİۡ
һ׵ٶܻص˲ɽȴֶпտգ˲Ӱ


575 ż


һһǽǲҪܵôһϾûӰˡܿ㶨ƾԼϵܸоಢΣգɽܲ޴򶷵ĺۼҪȻƾ˵ʵ޿ܺ޻֮ر˷ߡ
أ׵ٶɻʵ
һĩ𻰣ĿѰɽÿ䣬뿪ܻһǺŰɡ
ʱͻȻһ׹⣬ţþƾճһǰ
ϴˡţһһϲ
ô£һʡ
ţһţ۳˳׵ٶܣؽһһϴⶴ·˺ö
ʲôöһֵʵ
ȥ֪ˣ˵ֻϴһ˵ҪҪ׵ٶ͸³ǣţʵ
һͷһȻôԸǷֵĶһͬСˡ
ιֹ˵ʲôأʲô˵𣿡׵ٶؽе
ûʲô˵ģţǷһЩһȥɡһЦʱ׵ٶվͬһߣҲǲѣ۷ʲôҲûʲôġ
ţߵףþӳâǽڡǽͻȻһɢӨӨ׹âħš
˾֮룬ǰһһ޴Ҷ֮С
졭񡭡ôܣ׵ٶ³ֱ£һƬҡ
ֻöһһ߾޴ǼܺǰǹͷɢӨӨâէһΪ̶ɡǼܲϳأͷǱѣǰҵ
һȵȴ޴ҶܻɢιǼӣֻιǼҲĹǼӲһҲתŲͬɫĹâұжԳƹеһеǶԡ
ʱ׵ٶ³ǲعǼܵǰµһص
׵ٶܵ˼ķѵǼܱǲ֪ǰˡЩιǼҲǷˣп磬ǰ龰òħսʱµĹǺɡ
ʱҶĩ֮ɫ
үȥ濴˵ʮټġ
һ˳ҶӶȥգۼףһɱаϢӭƺӹ
һþһ硣Щ𾪵Ŷѱɵľ޴ʬ壬ʬôֱֱվţīʮ׸ߡɱȳëֺǶӲĵ֮Уʬû֣ǰĴ֣ԴΡһɫĳìͷ롣ֻһС⣬Դֻ˶۾Ȼš˸ֱӣƺֻҪ۾궼ᱻ䲻԰Ρ
ʲôţľȻղûҶ
ү㿴Ǳߡ೯ʬԱһָ
һ˹ȥֻòߵұһԹιǼܣִضұϡ
һԺսΣһ˶˴ذ˶ӣȺͬھֲʵһĺ
ö˵϶˲Ƿ֮ǰˣλߴ֮ףӦģ˿϶ֻȹôһףôҲúһ}Ტ۰ɣſﳶƽﲻǴ˵еħһͷŹͷϵɢŨعϢĳìһⳤìһ֪ǺöⳤìܷŹأ
һ𣬴ָһ㾫ץǹͷĳì
Ҫʱһߴһ
ѾˣһĴѾץ¶һصسìϣһظоһֱֱڣػһӱˣֻһƬѪ֮УһѪ˳ǵӿ̣ŰϢɱˣҪ
·ţȴֻһץǳìһɲǣǹ̵ð̣һȫΧҪȥǰȴһε磬ôҲ岻
ߵĶ׵ٶܾϹȴҲ޲ߣֻǺԽԽŨīһ͸һ˿ߡ
һȴȻѪгɱ¾һǿһ߸һаӣʼѿһյа֮е¶Աڵ⡣
һʹĿŤվĺɲǼѪ죬ȴĵһƬϢٴαغɫʼһĵ׵Ϣȴʼ֡
ʱһĿռָһɢŵӨ⣬һӰ֣һ΢ɲ̾Ϣ
ȻǹâͨһֱʶƿʼĸתһĵϢǿֵĺȴ˭Ҳռˡ
ʱһѪӻعɫҲûз
ţ˵УһƬīĺʯһ㿪ʼգۼ䣬еĺûһڣֳֳֻìڷƮɣ峺͸ףźɫĲӣȴûһĲ
һƮ䣬ǰҲͬʱɢȥ̳嵽ߡ
үû°ɡһֱۣػ
ãһĺʼʼ¶Ϥ鶯ֻڣƲһعϵĹ£һ䡣
ǸңҲͲìҪһЦʣԸողĻþ£ȴ¶ɫ
Ϥĵ٩һʱͻȻһүǹﲻˡ
棬Ǻ˵ĹƺƾϢһ㣬һûʣ¡
ϴǹΪ̱ˡţ
ǸãѹھþȡһЦŻһ½ǵ
үûоﲻ𣿡ĵʵղŸоһƺôɡ
ȻûУˣǿЩǼ̺ŨԪǲӦﾡãЩɱʲôʯöˡһǽǾ˵ĹǺ˵ҪС޺޺˿ˣ϶ɡ
һЩʹźôôǡ׵ٶŭ
ô֪Ҳǣչķ׾һܸ츣ˡһۡ
㡭׵ٶһǺ˵˵ǶѾˣ˭֪ʲôƫƫ޷


576 ʹ


һŪľӨĳìǿһϵ֮ҪһΣǲҪⳤì޺޻˿ֻ̣޺˿óĶԶ̹ϵħⳤìһ֪ǹϵĽս
ʱʼһ˵ηҶڣԭȴţһȥ̽ʱͻȻһʽħã̲סڶѨȻ˭֪þâѨװǽڣȴһħţŷû˲֪żķǴΪԾĲк㹻ˣһʹв֪Ĺ
үүôˣ˵꣬ȴһĲɵģ
һعЦŵûʲôֻһЩ顣
һȴڰιͷϳìʱһʾѱһʲôģȴ÷ǳŮìܵһָоŪ˭ҲǸ﾿ô£Ļþô£ǹʧ֮ʶƮһŨīʲô
ЩһĴ治رʶƾնһźÿþȥ̽ʱѪбĸоǲͬںڰħڰħֻ򡣶źȴǳͷβаʶо൱һʱըʱпܱըһΪĵı̺ĺа֮һа֮ʧô»Ϊһħ
ֻΪ˻ڡ
ϴҪҪЩǼţʵ
Уô˵ҲϷֵģôӦǾ׵ٶһ𻰱㷴Ե
˵Ҳǣȷʵص̣ЩǼӷҪҲû취һٺЦ
û뵽һᴵţǸߣԺʲôġ³һš
һìת˼Ȧì⳯ǽʹǼһָ촽΢΢˶һ㵭Ĺ⡣
꣬ꡪʹĹǼֱֱܾվһһһͻȻ̧֣˫ʮָǯץסһеľӨì
һ΢΢һ˿죬ħǼӣûסì
һɿ֣ʹǼܳسìųìһվǰһôȻⳤìȷֻѵǼлһ˿ʶɣ
㡭ħ׵ٶ
㿴ĸԼ𣿡һüͷʡ
˵ʶôܣ׵ٶҡͷ
ܷûʲôǲܵءһֺâһֳǰʹǼһһףһʥĳìһаϽǴ̣һ˫̥ƵġֻԱʹǼԵ̫һ㡣
硣ϵĺڰ֮һǽʹǼɼסŻеһк
ʹǼܿشӵ𣬺ʹػصһߡ
һͷǼӲĹǼףЦ㿴Ҹ˸飬𣿡
һתͷâ˸ۿʹǼܣе磬ϵϢ
һ˼ʱںڰռʱڰ໥ӡ龰ЦڰǲڣĻŽһ˴ںڰռҲͦįģû̸̸˵˵ʲôģ˾һ١
ܵضʹЩų⣬һ˻͵ԻҲԥ
žһâһʹǼȥâһţعǼ쭷ɶصײʯϣųìֹǳһѷ졣Ȼһ᳹ףˬѾġ
׵ٶǸ龰һʩһ޸ʹѿֹǲãȻջغڰԪռ䣬ղûۻڻʹǼܵһ̣ǼӾ̧еسìֵǷҲǼӲдһ˿ʶԼٻأǼǷҲһԶǵĻɼ񵽱ˡ
ⲻܣôʶأ׵ٶ૵Ҳ޹ֺţ˴˵һûʶЩΪʶаʬƽ֮BOSSҲûʶ
ʵʹսʱֹʱ׵ٶˣ³ǱɼʸһήˡûпԲŻô𾪣ʶһ׽Ѳʲôˡ
˵ˣûʲôǲܵġһЦųȥķѵǺǰͣ£Ǽô֪ܲ޸޲ã޲˽ΪУǿҲһϾ񰡣ƿ϶ڡ
׵ٶ³Ǽһƺڴк⣬ɴ󼱵سǰһǰһҴ͸ƴļơ
ֻհһǷģô˵ҲڡôأһЦѾǸ˵뷨ˣôҲù˼һظ˽ڵĹǺΪҲԻᷢ쭵ġ
ãʹĹǺȥҲˣЩͷŹǰɡ׵ٶһȴûôǿӲˣһ˿һ嶼ԹΪģʹǼΪءϣЩʹڹս֮Ϊ˿Ƶ顣
û⣬ôҲǵһһӰɡһЦʹĹǺЩҲûʲôܴȤˡ
׵ٶһһۡԼлϲ
һٴο޴ҶһۡǳȥɣԼˡ
һٴλصɽħѾʧӰ٣׵ٶΪ֤ʵԺҲܿħţǽϻ˼ơȴɥطָûзӦ
ţȥԡһ
ţþһӣɢӨӨâħűٶȳ֡
ΪʲôҾͲУ׵ٶʵ
һ롣ôҶԣԣԣԼԣ³ȴС
ħҪܿȽĸȳһ㸸ּۻ۵ҪҪȻֻеȵ㸸񾳽ܿˡһóôһۣԼͲ˵ˣţþӡſȱĻǣӵ֮ѪܴħŶ˾ͲС
׵ٶε̾ϢһҸһҺ͸³ǲТҲ֪ǶǴ
ûôذɣǴҵĿĶһǾȳĸĸѣֲ㱳棬Ҳ֪㸸ˣǽĸȳ϶֣ҲӸЩ̵سǿѡһЦ׵ٶ
ˣܾԼΪһֱѡ׵ٶյĿһħצȥϰᱡˣɲʲô
ֻҪģǾͲ㱳ѣùѾһǧĥˣѵ𣿡һ
˺ˣˣڵõǺȥһҸǾˡ׵ٶķİڰ֣ҲȥôˣȻǾûлͷ·ߡ

콥з죬̧ȥһƬ˸޾ǿգ΢ڲݵϹͣʮ⡣
һʱˡ׵ٶӵһߣһ硣
һڲݵأһ׵ٶԽԽζ
㿴ʲôѾˣ㲻˹ꡣ׵ٶһɫɫĿ⣬΢΢ЩȡĿЩԲסתơ
ʲôʱ仹úܣһǿգǿûУǾҡһЦָǿǵ
׵ٶ˳һָطȥһʮҫ۵˸š
׵ٶְ֪ҵԤʦƺýǿա
Ա˳žˣһճҵСڶܿĿšӴʲôңһһ޹׵ٶ
ԱߵĶŮˣֲǣôԱߡ׵ٶһȴֱͨͨ
Ŷ㲻˵һûע⣬Ǿˣ㲻ҵŮôҵԱأһЦ׵ٶ
㡣׵ٶһ죬һһܿˡ
һݸؿӨӨתԤ飬ź嫵ǿղɳˣСǷܸܵԼأ
СиҵԤԵ״ʲôأһ̾һ૵
һڴǰԤΪҡ񽵣Ѫ˼䣬Ʋ񷣬ĥ˺ܾáеıѪ֮ǰһֱΪһʲôѪҺתһ룬ǲѪһĳ־ΪƲеָ
ڲ³ǣԤΪңԶغ֮½֮а֮䡣ҵİˣĩڹڰľͷ
ǰ֪ˣ֮ӦָǺ彨ĺ֮ǣ½֮Ӧǲ´½֮ǵа䣬ֻһֱ²͸ڰľͷ
ƺǸӦһɻؿڵԤɢ׵Ĺâ͸¶ůģһеϢΧңз·һ׷ƮƮŮӣ͸ͫɢǵĹâеһж֮С
ãһʼӲݵһԾҹʱȥˡ
һ˾ۼһߣһʶеһϹâ˸ؼħԪأЩ׵ϵħԪؾ黶سһķӿе໥ײкǿɲʱƸǣ
Żʣ¡¡𣬻ݱѹڵϡһ㿪ʼ䣬գۼꡣ
Ĺô˵ͱ䡣µһţӴ峯ٶȳ
Һ°Ƿ̴ϻУһԺ͵Ħ
£أϱŽޣȴΣ޶ȣ콫խˣ붼ֻ־ᣬһþܲˣݺݵֿʼ˶
һһǱ룬ͨѿ˺ԥȥһ㱻ĺˮС
һ棬еʱɢȥϴˢǿԵø譲ӡ
һ˻صǼڵСϣһŰһ߹ȹɯЦӯӯǡ
磬ɻˣǺ㰡СǼһһϲµ˽һУҲ


577 ۹


һСǣͷһǣתͷɯǺЦô˯ǣ̫жˡ
ɯһЦῴһеǣ֮Ѿͷ޴֣쵽춼û˯ǵõɣҿͻ䣬ͲµҪˡ
һǵСƨɣСǣ㲻ˣ
̧ͷֻСһգС磬˵˵뿪Һ׵ģȴ˯žˡ
һЩǸã粻ԣҲܲ˯
粻ڣǾͲ˯ԷǺ
һЦãȴĪӿһҸУҲȷʵһҸ顣
ʱţ˶еɯк׵ٶ³㶿ɯ
СƤʶùˣɯЦǰ̧ܵĽ𷢡
ɯùãɯùãԭסϣÿʸҡ׵ٶЩСʱɯɾһ棬˸رֻǰ˰ǰɯҲûϢ
ɯһ̾㸸㸸ѴˡˣȻȥ˵
صɯľݣѷһг˯ȥһ˱һߺŲһŽӪĸ顣
ֻֻ峤Ϻʸ룬˭Ҳ֪ʲô

´½ů紺ؿȴһɱ֮Ϊ޵Դ֮俪ʼֹ
ľʻ̤ջ١޴ɲأʬҰǵˡ½սҪпᣬΪսķΪȨΪ档ɾز´½ѾĿȫǡ
սݻڣ´½ѻΪӪŰˣ飬˵ӪˣͰ˵ľӪ
۹ΪһʵľڤȻصӪ졣ʱҹʱ֡շ졣ľڤû˿˯⣬վڴڣüͷ壬ӭ洵ůȴдһ˿̵ζ
¡ԵҹɡһŮӴһ߽еʳϡνҹҲֻһСƬһ˼һơѾǵȨõʳˣ֪µƽʲôӡ
ľڤתͷٸʱɲǵᡣ߹£һ԰ɡ
³԰ɣҲŮ
ľڤҲû˵һƬо׽ΣȻһ̾üӿϼ˿ƣ
ŮЩһɱѪ飬ʮꡣĩ顣ƺһ˲ࡣ
۹·Ԯأ幥ռƽԭʳѾ񲻿ɵֻܳˡľڤ۾°͵ĺš
ŮȴûʲôȺµر顣Ȼ֪Ʋľڤ֮˫ΪĦͷ
̶Ѿͷôˣáľڤʵ
֮һֱ룬˭ҲŮ̾ϢߵԽȥһڲ¶һԴСˮֻĬз˿˿âˮɲʱתһԳһͼ񣬸߸ߵس֮ϣһµݵرӰϴ޾ǿա
˵ҿǷֻ̫࣬ôҲ벻Ը񾹻׶ġľڤˮӰ
£ǿҲֻһŮ׽ǸǸž޵ʵɲ⣬˵ֹⳡֻˣȻ̶̶ǷҲ֪ȵġŮ
Һγûֻƿռֵʯ꣬ҮʦֻûоֵطҲֻǿѡľڤҡͷ
Ů죬ֹ
ʲô˵ɡľڤ
£֮С
ס죬´ᣬģҹȥŮ˵꣬ľڤȻŭɫŮ
ŮӲ£ľڤ̾һӵĿ⡣𣬴ֳˮһĨ仭䣬һƬлߣӹ¶ŤŤһأȱֶϽţһػҳ˵


578 ߱


ʱڲǰ±任䣬ȻףȴǲԺɣ
һҹһ譲ӵҹա֪ΪЩпȥѾȥĩػ֪˵һب˸ǿôС
ǰҹɫء֪ǲûᵽһ飬ͻأؽһ䡣
һͷͻȻԳһЦҹɫȷѾ㹻˲
ҵԺҪˡ׵ٶҪȥˣ񾭴쵽ڶýнŵҪ˵ãƺһоûСٳ˻¼ҹǰ§§ⲻǴĴ̼
ⲻǻû㼵ˡҪҪұοһ¼ŵ顣һתͷٺЦ
ʱϣǸư͡׵ٶصһһȴ޿κΡ
ʱϣиˡһʼЦ
㡭ʲô˼׵ٶһʵ
˵ĸ֮󶼻һЩͲᡭιʲôӶڲְһ׵ٶӿæ§ڳһؼơ
ҲǾӡ׵ٶҧгݵ
òˣɡ˵ԸһٺٻЦֳ׵ٶ˹
׵ٶһתɴ಻ˣ֪֮ҪĶ֣˵Ҫռռ˳ԳԶʲôġ
ɯŶˣҡͷ΢΢һЦֶŮһСӳԵءӶҲ⡣治֪Ժᷢչʲôӡ
ˡʱˣǸóˣҪչǣͲһȥˡضһţڽ޷ΣգҪǿֱӴͻɡɯ˿ɫ䷳š
֮һ˱һ˺ܾáΪ˭Ҳûȥ޷ԤʲôһɯľﲼһħȻ˼ʽħᣬÿһһΣաþᴫͻ֮뵽յطˡ
ӦһӶգʧɯǰ
ȺԵһ걻ֵĵ֮ϡԶֻʿСֻܴɽһǣû֪ж
ֻһڣͼǰ׷ĻһȥֻаһƬ˲ֻת
ʱҹȺ˯ټϢҲ±֡
˺ܿ㽵ǵΨһڴӿֻܿǰһ߲ɶʯڡʯŰ˸İݡ
һӿռָнӡ߿鳤ӡ˳ӡԥǶϷһ֮У߿鳤ӡǶ룬ֻſĦʯмѿһ϶϶ֱɹһߵĿȱû˶
Ͻ㣬Ҫȥ𣿡³нţʵҪ֪֮
£¾͹ȥ׵ٶ˸³һۣƺûʶԼҲŵ˺顣
һתͷһǽܻǲҪ˻ˮˣǷˡ²Ϊ˾ǡȥ˺治˵
׵ٶһһһ۵ڻ·𣿳ӡҺ͸³ǵء´Ӳڡ߶߶Ƶءһ˵ȳʯڷ϶֮С
ϰɡһҲ˽ȥ׵ٶôһ˵Щ˼ȷʵԼġ
ڷ϶˸΢عâôΪѷﶼŨŨܼʮޡ
ʱ֮ϡߴ֮һطԼѹեؾͻȻʶһһ¶ŵɫʡ
ôô죿ϵ۾˵
һгһӡϸһеǼٵģˡһѽƿٴ·˳ȥ
ʱ󳤴ҲΪصؿ˲ԾһԼռָеسӡֲ֪ʱѱ˵ˣҴҶ塣
ߴһ档Ҵҵٻûеȴ
ͨд·ߴϼ
ظλϣȫչԲ֮Ըøλôɡһ˵
λǿ֪ȫչ³ǴչؽлѡҪȻѲġ
𣿡ͻȻ뵽ʲôʵ
ǲڡǾҲ֪һ
Ϻһ󶶶λϵǵĳӡǹӵȥˣֳչصӡڿ֮ţǾȥˡ˵Ӧô죿
˽߷ǻҲ⡣Ǿˡҽ֮߱ǽҲǱּ⣬ɥҲֲǼϼһɫ󣬴а롣һĳ˵Ϊ˹һãػϳǵħɭ֮භ峤ϡ
ɻҲ߱˲ʧ˵
༸λϳһ׷׵ͷͬ⡣
λ𣬳ضȥǽʱʯѷѾպϣԭȰ˸ǶӡͳӡذҲѾʧ
λϷվ߸򡣿ʼĬɬâʼڰתһصħġ
еħĺΪһħһضɽҡ
߱ߴչŨӿϿաɫвͬ
Ϊ߱ޱȡ׵ħһӲ󷨵
ڣȫչȴȻһͭۡǹâһ૵߱ȻסСڣӦòʲôɡֻҪ߱󣬵ʱųǺǼϼһҲ޻˵˰ɡ
ʱ֮ڣո߳ʯѷ˻ûüܱضɽҡƺض˿۵Ӵѹ˴̶ХԶ֮ݷᣬƷӿ


579 ػ


ˣˡɫâһöȪˮʣϪˮȣȻǴ̶ɢʹâתÿ˵ͷΪ֮һ
ָ࣬趯ľһƮݣȻֻѺ͵ͬն죬ֹΪϵħһ֣ɢǣؿɻ
ãֶ߲ڿ֮Уͷʹâȴתݣþòɢ
˾ϵѹ˽һתܣȴַӿһƬովһƳһ޼ʵĽԭѱ֣ߵĻ鶼ЩԼԼ
һ˱䣬ԽԽǿƲ޴ڵѹƽСһ㣬ط޷ý
֪ˣղһ綼Ų³ǿ
үǲǴ˽󷨣ߴ˶ܵ˵ƽûκεĪʮ˵飬ѼͲɴݣ֪һͻȥüͷһ£ξһдӳ죬ƾľ侲侲侲
ҿǼϼһ﷢ˣħ󡣡׵ٶ޺޵ȴǲµð˾Ųʮ
߶ʮһ˭ţɡţִþһţﷺϤѪɫâһѪĹâѪҺĿһαѹ
ʱ·ţĺ׳ͻȻϢѿһؿӣ޴泶ȥ
ţȻһ£˫ӲڵϣȴûǵУֻһĸоʼӡ
Ҳ衣ţȫëšŭһþһȦâ˹ȥ
ǵĿȴһһƾʧ
˿׵ٶ͸³ǣҲһԻ;
壬塣һüͷ˵ǿ岨ȴûһ֮Щ֡壿ѵǡ׵ٶ
ʲôһ׷ʡ
ڵͳǶὫȥ˷֮У˵ҲĹء׵ٶ
һȻԭ彫ȥ˷أγɽشһ֣Ҳһ㣬ﾡð
һ˵Ц׵ٶʱѵõˡΪǸżһҪЩǺﾡʱ׵ٶȴԲ°ʲôӣڵã廹Լ˵嶼ˣ֪ʲô塣
ֻƽĳ沢ûгּ̺ܾãǵصĹѾ١һһشŤĿռѷһ֡ǿ˵ﳶɡһǴУͻĽ֣һĿӵȴããȿռ䣬Ҳ˵ܻܿؿռѷ졣
ţþâݺ裬һӸõñͣغҲ⣬Լɢǿƣɵĺ֮ߵĿһһⶳ
׵ٶ͸³ԵʮæңǵϢЩЧֻܿӱܱɵ³
һһڵվԭأһȴƽùݣûһߵѿ⵹
һüë룬ƺֹӣҲϣüϹһһضɽҡ¡¡Ȼһӿֱ£γϹ˸񴸡
һһһû֮УͻȻҴܣһĴɢȥֻÿһǴһɽͷô󣬴ŻڿһȦռʱѰĻζĵ޾ӡ
һɫһ˿԰׽ڵأûڣһķѵʵڴЩŲЩ鸡
ӿɢȥ»ָǰȻһ޼ʵı̴ԭɢɡ״װ䡣һɫ͸ľ壬飬жסˡ
Ŀɿڴ׳۵ľɫһҲ⣬ȴΪ𾪣룬ôľ壬ȫٻΪǸöð㲻ٻΪҲԵιι椶
ôţеľͻȻʼƶڣȻγһ޴ľͷڿУ֮ȣһ˾һС
Сðμ桭ǸգһǰȻЦʣ֮˿ֻһﵽûʶˡ
񴫳ߣﲻĵطΪǰ뿪ػأҲΪǡоԣһţǰһħš
㡭ǻǿ뿪ɡ³ѹзһɪ
һͷ˸³һۣûõļһȥǧ˵ǸһģҪߣҲ֤ħŵһСĶ
ǿо޴ͷһ˿죬治һһӵܴ
ôһ˵֤ħȷʵˣţִþҪȥѾġ
һʼûŹǰɡһȴɫЦʡ
ûֻ·һ񴫳Ҳ⡣
Ǵ㽫ڽеųôô˵ǶǲǣһЦ
˲ˡ˵Ҳûʸּۻۡ
˵ֻһѣ˵ʵҶӴܸȤءһٺЦ
ҳΪʮû˭вҡƺЦһЦ
׵ٶ³һǰλ֮¾ÿһλ˵ϵĴڡǵȴһһסһɸֵصһ۵СȻԳΪ񣬵Ѿˣڵֻǽеȥ۶ɵİˣûЩ˵֧֣涼硣
ǾȴǷŭˣһţһڶһ˾޴ֻһڵѹƲסسɢȥ
塭һȻСҲ壬뵽ģ壬ôܽôأ


580 һ


ʷӵʵֻλ椶֮һһػصλӵ֮һ⵹ǳһ֮⡣
ÿһ֣ضΪ䣬Ի֪ͣǰصػȻ𣬵ȴȻɹܣһдĶﻹǷ
һһأӴľϣǰγһʵĻ֣Ӵ
һȻһĿԸеԾȻӴҪǲ㺬ӴĻָɡ
ֻһųĻϵüĵıԴʶпôױɡֻһһӢӾһΣڵǿս
һҧأȴؿתţ΢΢ŤͷþʵֵһƾԼϵ˵Ǽǰס񣬵Ȼͬǻ͡
ߡȴҧ´ǳɫǾǿ
㻹Ųүа취Ըʩչһɡ
һһҧؾǸߣү˵а취
һͷԺԥѡšΪһûʧ
˷ɱߣգ۱ʧǰʱЦΪ߱ԲµģֻҪ岻ͲҲҲ޿
ƺӡ֤ĻʱԶԶȻû졣
ɡҲֲ˶ˡһ˵
ȷʵֲ˶ˡһȫһ±ȥ˺޲Ĳӡ
ȻһǰĻջأձǾ޴֮С

ʱţ࣬׵ٶȴͻȻһ֮УĻצץǣʱһҵҿ
Ͻ㣬ţ࣬ƽ³Ƿֻ֮ԼһˣȴӰɴǻشֻһƬտػ
³з£СǰȥԷһ
ʱһŲ𣬸³ǶʱͻȻΪһβɨ˹ȥ
СӣϽ㡣׵ٶ
³һɣ׵ٶϤӰ֮С
ˣ³ߡ׵ٶؿ˸³һۡȻǰȥ
³Ǳ׵ٶĽŲ˼ĽŲһͣһһȭ׵ٶͷһâ
³ǵȭͷ谭ش͸׵ٶͷоա
׵ٶعͷͻȻЦô֪Ǽٵģ
³ߺߵɧҾ֪ˣҽɲôᣬڹڱ棬ǧؽܣһһҶָƣƾҲƭң
֪Ҳˣ档׵ٶһɢΧŨ
³ǳһʱĶҪֻλһں֮ϣĵĴִϽӶ𣬵ȴζѡ
ܿ죬³ǵı㱻ȫ֮Уʲôסʺ޷³׵֮Уֻ׵ٶԽԽСصЦ
ﬡʱһ죬еĸ³ǾѹһʲôӴְԼشԼĲϣһҪԼˣԭһֻػþ
³һ󾪿֣ɾʱԴĽŵĳªֵıŨг˹
ģǲǻþƴˡ³һ𣬳Ｄȥ
³ǣס֣һô̶˵
һүүأԺôƭ𣿡³ŭ
³ǣΪ仰ϴһٴΡһ趯ֻë˵
³һͣЩˣֲĸĸǼٵأǸո˵һ֪ţ
Ϊʲô³ʡ
ҲǹԳΪĹ˵
Ϊʲôǻʶң³Ҳɻʵ
а취ڲҪϻϷߴһٲܿʲôҪܣ֮ȫջȥԳΪĹﵭ˵
³ǻҪʣȴԳΪţﳯȻͬķȥһһҲԼزӡʱѾ˵ݣԶҲ㳯ϷԼĲȥ
û߼³Ǳ㷢ֲָͬĹﳯ˹Ŵɢȳζ
þǻþ³ԼһŴҧԴȻûֹͣԼزеһʹΪԼԴʱȴַЩѾʧ
̶һٲ³ǰĻþԨ˿ݹǶѣţȻԼĸûᡣ
һٲʱֱùǧôáȫˮ͸ˡ
С󡣡һ̶ڲԶ
³ǻعͷһʻӭŭţŵ㡣ԥһȭȥֻһĲҽǶʻðһʧڿ֮С
³һЩΪʲôţ֪ЩǻþЩΣأû̫ãΪ峯Űлȥ
һ³ֻһʹһӲޱȵĶ档
顣Ǹ̶וּԼĻȻţڲͬķͬһֹ
³ŤŤʹ治֪ǿʲôȻôӲƺȫƵġ֪û·۶ʹҲýⶫˡ
һһΣ³þȫǿŵĶȫʹľϹѪ˿Ϊ֮˼อ
ǱߵԽԽ籩һ㣬ֻſһԶһ߰׹⣬ȴҳɹˡ
ͬʱһţ𣺡Ҳˡ
³һҧһۼȫһκݺɨ˰ա
һ𣬸³һӿȫɢһ㣬ŵÿһͬһâ˹ŨɢȥŷǰһɽڣɽǶһ޴ĺɫͷͷѶϳء
³ǻعͷȴⷽԲûŨһƬɽ̲ݣţСӣڰţųǸүǡţþˬشЦ
ʲôʱүǡ³ǻΪκͦͦظӿһɺ飬˳ϵĸоá
׵ٶɽһߣǹȥǰɡ˵
һĵľ޴͸ͷڰգעţ͸³ƿһС֣ĵܵģô߱ɵģҲܻþԻ󡣡
Ҫ֪ص߱ĵ֮ŵ뷨ʵȡ˳ɹ߱ͬһħ󹹳ɣһħͬħڸλħʯɣ߱ȴһ˽еɽԼıһǧٿ֮鹹ɣֿΪٸС򡣺ϿΪһǶԹ߱ǲ̫ܣͨ󷨣һʱûءһҲ˽ǣҲֻлҷķݡк棬Ҳȥˣ뿴ĵķˡҲ̫ûˣߴϽӳ˯лоһ˷ܣʱȤǸǿѱɣӦѻΪһ֣ڴ⼸ܹٸһЩ⡣
ţ³ǷǰĸɽǰֵɾľɫˣȻ֪⼫пǻþΪ֮ԡ
һ·ȥﻨ㡣ٷɽȪȣһжΣյӡ
³ǿȪˮֻڸꡣܹȥҪſºȸ㡣ȴţһ־ס˻
㲻ҪˣҲڴʲôطţһðվ飬³ҲһΣյĵطȫģȫĵط˵Σյصط
³һڿˮ˵Ĵû飬˭֪ˮʲôĺأ
۾һǸߡ
ȥ˰ңͻȻƹһŴȥػʮ飬³̲סԭضȦ
ֻҪ߾ˣôϻţĭ˸³һ
ˣˣȻǿظԭ·ʵǰߣҪΪǰʱԶԭشת˵
ôʲô֪³ܴӣûоԼôûá
һЦûлش𣬼ȦȦ
Ȧʱͣ˽ŲָǰһŴǽ顣
Ȼֻһ˷ܵϤؼӲȣ֪ʮа˾һڡ
Ȼһɲǣ޴Ǵӿе£ǰľһα任ﻨɾΪһ޼ʵɳĮͷգڵɳϳ
ҲǻþҵغôˮƵð³һĨͷһѺ˦˳ȥٶȣܹ˶͵ˮˡ
ʵĻþһпܶģ׵ٶþһֵŵţ㳯һֱ߻࣬ȻһһϷߣϵĵɫɳһ飬³ǳߣɫɳҺתϣĵڶɫɳңһᳯ߽Ӧ׵ٶһҪסΣռпܻʵģһСġ
˵ͷжԤķȥ
Ǿ޴ͷ­һ飬ͻȻ趨Ĺôܶ߱ϤþеҰɾٵɳĮֱӵİ취̵·̣Ұİ취߳ɳĮô߱Ҫ˽ǣҪǻֱӴӷɳĮ˵ľŲڤôܲԾ
ϷΪֹƷΧ鷢
ҪʱȴһӴ⽫סȻ˷ֺ
ƴţҲֻͽͶѣڱԵӴռţ类ԭһ㡣
ǸСڸܿ㷴ӦôҲףǸСӱ֮ôûбǿչڻΪԼһ֡
񴫳ߣ̳š
Ц𣿴ڿʼܰɡһӴЦһɫ֣ɢ譲ӵĹâڲͬķ
ԭʱһԳ񿹺⣬ڼ֮һȡڵİ취ӦúһǿҲĵطǿ̬ڻܣ۶Ӳһ̱ڽͲ˵ˣֻҪа취ڻ̫ˡ
ǡһôһԵסǿڻܣǵ̷͸ƬɫһɴʩųһǿĽ磬һоûзκһַܹ֮ʱ뵽֮ãû뵽չһ֮ϤҲΪһԵʣһ֪Ǳ֮ڣĶвɴϲ󷨣һ൱оȻҲǱħȫ߱Ĳ÷ֻΪڿ̶áһ۾ƾħԣܿ㷢󷨵ĹؼڣܹͨѪϵָӡ
Ӵ壬û뷨ǿҪǴģһٺٻЦڰռڵǾʹǼٻͬʱĻб˺ü椶


581 ֮


ף椶ˡ椶ΪһСһϣȴ
ڲǳ椶һٺЦ
ףöŶ椶ԺգգۣƺʱŷӴУû˵ſ
ҲϵؿʼȡǾʹǺǳǰɫìһһЩʧȡζ޷
ƺǸܵһʧ飬ֹͣ˼ȡڶۿâ˸˼£ʹǺģȻһ鷢ˣʹȻ˶Ȼƨɺ濪ʼļȡ
ĪǹǼ֮仹Խһ˷֮ɻ
ŭѣоԼһһĲʳʵʹĹǼյٶȲ죬Ҫȴ椶ǿֲٶȣССһţЩسۡ
񴫳ߣķǳȥ񾪺֮·ˣû뵽һϵͷȴҪɾ⻹һַ̡
ǸҪȥɽˮûӴɹգϻõĵط𣿡һĴЦʲôţB񣬵ͷڱү
㵽ôЩˡ
һԥ˵ûһ֮ͬģԼͦ缸ȫҪˣʱ㷭ԩԩг𱨳𰡡
Ҳңֻǹںˣұ޷յġֻҪһڡ߱ƲˣǼѼҲȥ˵
ߺߣóȥǵ飬Ϊ߱޷ֻҪõһǧٸͷˡһߵ
񴫳ߣΪҲõ߱ôҿԿ϶ĸ㣬㽫һǧٸͷȫҲƲ߱󡣡Եøš
һĬһ߱ħĽṹͻȻ򣬹Цˡû岼õطҲ㻹ŵʱԼڽɽ֮䣬û´߱ж㣬һԼ壬㽫γɵ֮ģһһǧ򻯡㵹ͦз׾ġ
һȻô֪߱ħѱ治ֻεķħ󡣡
𣿡һüͷŵһħȫ߱ħħϸͼ⣬һ˵˵ͼñħʧܡҿ㲼õħ֮˵رϲࡣ
ʲôĿģǵһе룬御ȴԾʧܡҵ߱ħǸƶɣôܻῴ񴫳ߴľʵ̫ˡ
һŲʧ֮еħȫôܻ¼أ̫ˡ
ʱ־֮£Ѿҵ˼˵׵ٶñߵĺϢѣԤطͷж
ţҲҵ࣬ıǺǰڱﻷӵĪʮ˵һ׵ٶҪõöࡣ
˳Ųͬķн;Ǿ֣ͻȻɳĳȺɳ֣ɳ壬ͻȻȼɳĮ֮𣬵ҲоյضȹȻЩǱ
˵ԤĿصأʼĿй
䡱ǱȺ飬ֻǰһƳɳĮͻȻһƬҵĿռ䣬Ҥֱȥ
һǺĹ˺ë
ǿǱߺöʬǻþɡ³˵ֻǰͻȻֳһطʬ࣬ˣʹһϲŸֱɫѪҺϪˮһʣһ紵ŨѪζֱŻ
ӦǻþҲ£׵ٶոձһЩѪҺ˽£һ̧ţմճѪҺ
˽Բ˼һתͷȴѴЩʬ䣬һǰ׶ɼܸо̤ʬϵʵо
üһῴֳִ̱ǵѪζ
Ǹıߣ³ʵһ·߱ħָƣȻȻһˡ
Ҳȥˡɫ˱䵭
һʬϰеʬɴֱֱվ˽ʬеһվȫƤ⻩ص䣬һ߾ãĳʵڿ˵Ӿ
Щ鶼ģ׵ٶʵ
ǡͷ
ǲǻҪ鼸ͷЩͷİţһɴӽһ߹Ǽʵ
õĲǹͷ𣿡
Цˡ³һ߽ʬе
ҲڿЦҪŲڤǽЩȫɱ⡣أһ㶼Цӡ
һһƲЩħȷǿž벻ҲԻٱͲ˭ġ
߱ľŲڤ֮Ϊ֧ţ˵е֮ģ֮ľЩ飬ɱǣҪȻ˵Ȳˣ⼸ҲҪСЦ
ħȫǲ֪вУһ
ܿƵô𣿡ʡ
ôǺڰƼϺ֮ħͷħ֪ܲЩԹԾͷһٺЦʡ
һƶЧͷħ𣬶ߺһŲڤЩ黹־ܣ
ʵѵ͸оʲôס𣿻ûһ¾յٶȣҪʱͻᱻһɶһͻȻЦ
ֻ֪Եڣĺ㵽ʲôҵ̶ʱҵ֮һʵ
Ǻǣһһ⣬˵Ǻͬ壬ܲܽ㱾ԴȫأһЦ
壿ѵĪԼڷһӵʵˣ


582 ΰ


µû˳֮⣬ʲôôٶأһٺЦ
ȴǾþò񼤵ֳӵʵÿÿζĻԻͣͬҲζŽѽͬʮǳƽ٣ƽӿǵͷˡ
񴫳ߣɣϵĴ屣֤ǳȥҲͬԴߡͳ̾һѲɣԵޱį
һоĳ⣬һȥɾͲôÿƵˣһ͵òʧˣҡͷ֮ĶȾ֮ɣ֮ĲޣһλǾŲڤ֮Уʲô֤أ
ұԴǰɡ񵭵һһâĹȻƮһǰ
ܹȷĳˡһâץģƴ߹Ǽܻ椶ڳ˳
椶һ壬ģ仯ΪཱུŮĵѽһ
椶ôˣһطֱģ椶Ƴ꣬Ĺˡ
椶Կ˿Լ֣۴еף椶Ҫ椶Ҫ󡭡
ҪԺͲԶˡԶͲ᳤ˡһЦ椶ƨɣһﾹȻܳ
椶룬Դҡø˹ƵģԶǲҪһ뵽ԣ㷴Ե̧ͷ˿Уǿͷʱ㲻һףλүүôҰǲҸղų̫ˣ
࣬ȫˡҲģǲǰˡһЦŶԿеرԴǾԼֻҪɢǣҲʧˡ
ұѻʮ֮꣬˯֮ػµ֣Ҳʱ򹦳ˡȴĵʵֻҪıԴǲ١ʶͿõĴȥǳ֮ĶҲȥˣûκ塣ԸԼΪããеһ
һЩ˼ĿͻȻġҲȻˣΰΪػԴУԼһж׳Ȼôڡʮꡣֺγ
Ŀɨһ߶ԵĹǼˣҲûֻ̫֡ĿͣһʱƷʲôƵһ󾪲ʵӡӡˮӡӡôܣ
һüͷӡӡˮӡ֪ģʲôʱϾ˹ӡԼô֪
ֻһâһϣʱĵͬɫعâðн״ıǣˮ״ǣϵ״ǣһɫ״ǡ
ôһһګګ˼⡣
ʷûз飬Ĵӡ֮ҲֻӡڣӡӡһڵĻ˵űͣӣƺʲôû
ǻôһʵ
ܻ໥ںల£ʲôͲö֪ˣһ໥ųѣ³̾һڵ
һЦӣбΣΪôҰɣתһ룬֮ʲôûоڻǻúúõأ¸񰡡
һ±ɷ̾ѹּλѡΪߣżȻӵ츳ԱͲǿ˻
ղᵽڰƺͷħѵ㡭
ĩ꣬һһƴüļΧͷתš
ԭƣѹ֡һ𾪵ˣһൽҪкεܻȡ߿е飬˭֪Ժ᲻õ߿ơ
һ椶̱ЩܣʱѱͷħѡΪһεĺ֮ħ裬ϴڱԭֻ֮Ҫڰһüģʱ׼ս
һ椶̫ݣɴཫڰԪռ޶˳
ʥޣ룬ޣСӦǷơ
һŰЩԴľȥ֮һֱںڰԪռ䣬¼뵽ḷ̌뵽;Ө飬ôеǵ˿ֻᲴѪʹεȸ
ĺϵĽëӨӨһߣϲ˲䣬ڰο
һָһ𾪵ľˣǰôԾˣһϳٹҲòžȣƽĿУ֮ĲɲһĴ󰡡
ڰħͷħѾҷˣ椶СЩԨԴһ͵
оõ϶ͷħϢ
ˣȻҼҲԵ𣿶ԨԴ
Ȧˣǿ͸ӣ˵ɣʲô飿һĻֱ˵ʵ
ˬ죬ʵҪʵ϶֪һֱһʮң羿ʲô飿νħսħִӺζһٺһЦһʵ
ûи㣿ʡ
֪˻Ҫ𣿡һû
Ȼ֪ɣд㣬ҾûҪκˡ
һεʼ磬Ļش
ҿԸ㣬ޱ䣬˼ƽ٣һнΪһа䣬֮䣬ҪԼȥѰҴ𰸡ҡҡͷ
֮䣿ȥҴ𰸣ȴڶҡһ̾
Ǻǣ̫ңԶģʱѡе˵ˣҲҵˣĽʲôҪԼˡͳЦֳ˿Ǽ˿һӡƵ˳֣һжѵĿʼ
˵˵ûȫǷϻһֹ
˵Ĳ˵Ҷ˵ˣΪǷϻǱǷϻɣӴ֮ٴڣ˵ˡ΢ЦţһǾ޴ͷȴԽԽ
ιˣʲôһе
ʱһץŵԴͻȻѷУȻһը˿


583 ħ


һըʱӿضƱһ㣬ǿһ椶üĬģ£û뵽ػ˵ʧʧˣû׼ء
вͻȻ׷£椶Сһţе׹ӿ˹ˣһͼҲ治ǳ
һж䶨ջָƵᣬҲǻþɽϪĽµˡ
ֻ߱ΪػԴ֧ţԴûˣ֮Ļڰǲ˵ǺĸĸȻھŲڤ
ɽһͷŲڤѾͷЩǿôɱҲɱƵģ϶ܽ˸Ͽ
ڴʱŲڤͻȻһǿҵ𶯣һͣ漴ȫΪ⳯ſۣһγһҫĽɫ࣬˻ȣŲڤһضɽҡռ侹Ȼ̮ˣɴ˲ļɷͬСɣǽ˸絴һԺͰ״̬
Ҳ֪˶áֻһת׷״ӻתһ۱һϤزЦݡ
˰оôһЦʡ
һ½ǡ岢κˣƺƵġ
ϴ⾿ô°ţŰӻ˻ʵ
һ㽫Ҫ˵һ飬겻ѡ
ʱһе椶һ˿֮ɫһΪ椶ͻȻһЩȴΪӹŵһ׹һŽӲӵ״нɫҺƵģʮƯ
֮ġػ椶һһľ͵
ү˵֮ľѵûбعЧ𣿡ʵܾ֮Ĳ򵥡
ҿɲ֪Ȼ֮椶㡣ĴҡŲڤѾڣĸĸ⸽һʼ˵˿ʼ·ͬķʼѰңⱻػ߱صѾԳĿƺ£һ󵺡
һһǰһ·ȥ椶ѷһдһֱ椶ճһǣС֣һ·˵Ц鵹ޱɣ֪һǧõĸĸؼգһʮָ˵أ椶Сظĸûκӡ󣬲֪Ȼĸĸʲôӳ
ôţе椶ƺӦʲôһ۾ָұߵףǱߺ˭ڽ椶أ
һ΢΢һӶ𣬳椶˵ķȥ椶ָ㣬һɽˮ֮ɽ֮Уע⣬ĺѷ֡
һ΢һϲӶ
ֻɽһһһϢſͬķԼǧףȻȴִԷ
椶Щ٣һˮֻʮУǯסļ׵ǣһַ˵ĥôǧ꣬ʱʱҪܵŲڤ֮иֿ̼ǾȻֵڻûһʮ
һ椶м䣬ͬʱӴͻȻͬʱ
ӣҵĺӡɫľŬҪͷȴ޷ֻš
һ椶£Сƨɣ椶ȥס
椶ɵһѪĸоļ£СԣָоЩֻš
ԣȥһ
椶ԥСӵƽǰ
ƽ۾ǰ۵СŮ޴¡
椶Сָȥ۽ǵ飬ޣ˵޵ĺӲǺúӡ
ӡӡҵĺӡƽȴֻ΢صûţβ˻þʱֽĺ뻳УȴһܲĺӵԼжôȴ۵ûˡ
һ̾Ϣ˭ַǵģ׵ӵ񾭣ǿϵĻٷְҪ˼׵Ѱ찡


584 ر


椶þϵôҲɾŵһ˺ѷΰĺֻޱܣҲ۵һ˳Ȼ֪ԼΪοֻΪ޶ޣΪһѪ̥ʱĹ֮С
үһ䣬۾ˮʣʹᣬΪӶûмԼףʱУܡ
һο磬֮һǰ˺ɫǰ۱ƽҪԸղŸӦ椶Ϣһ֮û˶˫ĿգȫɫƬѰ޹⣬΢ıϢΪѾȥʱˡ
һһָ۵üģǿ뾫ڣήʱıҪ֮ǰȽĸĸһ£ԲҪȻĵȥҪĻ׼ֳʲôȻ⼸һֱĬĬƢƺƽȻһ֪һжôǿԼҲûаտȰס
µܵʹ྿˭ͷأʩǰѳΪػһһ൱ڷһһĳԱѲҪħɾɣ
ãӣһе𾪵ǾǰײҲһƬȴûӰ
۾ô£һƾϹۣԤϵԲϰݡ
ллҵŮǰݣɡ۵ûʲôȣȴ͸һɼͺϡ
ʵҸĴŮǡѣ椶ҲСŮϵظŮҾǲ½һ۹Ļӡһ͵
ݲӦ˼򵥣ƾڵһֵʵԶʤҡ˵
ʵһһݣ񴫳ߡһ˵Ϊ˰ġ
ѹ֣ллչҵŮ۾ڴʱͱ֮ڻһε̾Ϣ
һüͷȲ˵۵۾ǼǶڼ׵ϵʮҲΪ֡
һšôֲܹ˼׵ϵ񾭣Ǳ椶޵ûڵءһʱ֮Ҳв˾ȥ椶𣬺椶ԡˣһ׾͸ѹˡ
椶ţһůĴĨȥС첲סһزӲ֡
椶ԣסһ椶ͷ
椶ӿ˿櫡ʱŵһĻ۾Ȼ
ס椶Ǻϰֽзϰһ㺰ס
ԣԣҡҵغӡЩο˵⼸ֱҲ֧Ųסػ˹ȥ
ʱûҵ˵ţ໹׵ٶ˳һµıѰ˹ǿǰرģнԲӿһŭ
櫹ùá׵ٶػǵĹù״̬õǵĺѵĻ˼ֶֶŮϾô۰ǡ
һ椶ݸţһνȡĶԲߡ
һڼ׵ϵĻǾͱҪһǿȻǼ׵֮ϣȻ֮ϣ׵ڴֻҪ˵һ¾ͺĪʸˡһ˵
үҿܻס׵˺Ƕ˵
ҲףֻҲûаٷְٵİգҪһ֮ڣôѺƤⳤһ𣬻ǿס׵ҲˣҪΧϲ̫ܣΨпһ֮룬Ҫһ뱣㹻ĻԲ˯ʹƱȾŲڤĿй֮޲һ;˹ȥǿɾ鷳ˡһҡҡͷüͷ۳һ״񲻽ҪҪ㹻СģҪ㹻͵񾭡ȻܻѾ֤ǵļͣͿգ΢ʹҪظʮΣΪǼϿŵʮпʩоͳܲס
ȥôҲ벻õİ취ôʵʩо޴Σԡ
ʱԶͻȻХʣ϶ߴɡ
ȻһߴϻΪ৵ؽɽ֮С
һһˣߴ϶û˵ôҲ벻⼸˾ȻὫس״ݻ٣Ҳ˵֮еػҲѻҷˡ
׵ٶ³ӣЯôأɵǻһ裬һĳϰ˹ŭŴ˳ţһ˫Ŀ˹ȥٺһЦλأԭǵħɭִѪ峤ϣȻˣΪһƺ˵ȥ
һǰЩɪ׵ٶǰЦĸСǰ
˹úֱһĿݡŭֵõĴȷһ·վ˵𣿡
ϺüԡĴȱһʱʱǹţѪҷҪǧ򱶻㣬ţһǧˡǾǶǧѪ֪ϹͷûôѪ¡һЦüΪáȴΣյذţɷ
˹ɫתףҲ̲סطӶֻצ㳯һĲϿ˹
һٺЦ㲻ԭһȭ˹ȥʮְ
һΪĵʮ׵½һ׶һ΢΢ȭͷЩ飬˹ȴǵ˳ȥ߰˲Ŷס壬צһƬΣڴѿѪ
ôΪ񵱳һԲ𣿡һ˦˦ӣЦűȥ
ܡܡ̶̼ʵôܴﵽˡ˹ϲŵҡͷһﵽ˽׶Ҳܴģǰνʿɱֻµľˣϳϼľֻ·һ
ǲǺܺڵûɱҰӦúڣر˾һߣҾһɣһѪҾһǧһٺЦ
Ҳÿû¡˹ҧгݵȻ֪СӽȣôҲܶ峤ϵ
ϾͿԿˡһһüһϹâҫյؿм绮һȫһâ֣ȸ񻤱ۺսѥȻͷϣеһ֣ڵ񴸸ٻ
һһХѹ˶˼Ǻصװ˴﷢㤡
סһһ񴸱þ޴󣬴֮Ű˹Ϻȥ
һȻûȫ̳֮Ը˹ȴǲڻ£һﵽ񾳽Ҳһƴ̳֮֮ӵҲ֣ߴ
޴֮總֮һŰ˹ĲϻζΣؿռȫǿ
䡱һ˹ҽһӲ˸첲Ѫײ˲ԶɽϣǿĵýڣһͷӶ
λϼ״˰˹ǰ棬ҧҧһ
ʱŵ椶֪ΪЩ꣬ĻλΪһʮ׵ĺϹŵĽɫ֮ԡ
һ椶һšӴߴ˹ȥһжԵĶǻһԹԲȴ֪Ϊ
壡λһֵֵס椶ǿһһ㳯йȥ
椶Ȼ壬ڳɳ׶Σʵػʮ֮һλֵĻ椶Ҳȡϵֻϴŵ֮ȴػȫľ񣬱һ̼Ȼǿࡣ
ס֡ڴʱһĿĽâһǿ椶ӴϿգΪҪͻƵ񾳽ؾʵɲ⡣
椶һװ椶֡
椶ֹͣ˹ĵؿ˿е㻯ΪδܽһĻС
˫ͣ֡ҲΪһŽ׵˽䡣
׵ٶ³Ǽ޿ɱܣӲͷƤǰ
ȴϵػ˻֣û
񴫳ߣұչصȡҵӡصıһ¾ݲ׷ֻܸܲػ˵ЩʲôҲŽƾƵص߱󡣡һĿʮƽͣ¶ȴ񲻿ɵ
ǾͶлˡһζһӡ¶һ˿΢ЦԣһӡأЩ䱦ӦòУһԽȥ˵ĶǾԲ³ءȷػõ߱ƽģ㿴椶ϵ֮ģӦ˼һ϶һŪһ椶ǽת׹˵
һ̾ȻˣѵؽΪ䣬ػ˾ٱΪˣһҲصӡ˵꣬תͷߴϣ֪λϿ顣
ǲ飬ԵѵߴϹΪؾɣһ˿ִУ˶ѵûκ飬οһǷ㤵񴫳ڣǿԺΪߴ֮һˣҲӵϵȨ
ʵħһҲһӰɣǲҲѵһͻȻʵû뵽椶ʻ˵ĺô֪һʼͽˣҲӲˣ룬һҲעأμػܼʶ׵߱ҲͲһȡΰһζôľ
ħһǱԸʶ壬ѲΪͬһ塣ֵķ˵
вƨãһҪͬһ֮£ΰĲųںϡһƳ˷һ۵椶еһħһòˡȻػ˵ǽѵĿʼߴ³ǽѾһСѣһǶһϣ
˵ûΰĲųںϣħһһͬһȻͬҲһӣԸùͬһ֮¡һĻ˵ɫһ˿Ѱζζ
һüͷЦȻ֮ͳһʲôûбҪˣǿеӵ䣬ǲͷأ
˵İ˹ȥˣƲ˱ס櫸ǰ
СãܿˡͻȻĲԵǰͷ̾ϢۿﾹЩʪñڽĥʱ絶һ㣬ܾöԲûб׷ǵĹУ˽¼νǷߣǻǱҵˡ
ػڴˣǸ֪δ򿪡һԶһ˵
һǳ鴤һ£Ҳûа취⿪Ļֻİ취ðˣһǳ⣬ô椶ôΪ˱ȴ׵ٶ֪ĸĸţһôϣһ֪ˣпˣͬȴͻȻˤ£ܵ˺֮ǰҪö࣬ᷢ裬һӳĥ֮С
˵û֪ûа취ڲ˺ǵǰ½⿪ڴһ
һ㽫ǰİ취˵һ飬пֵܳΣҲһ˵ˡ
ã䣬̾ҲΨˣ͸
ʱһӣүǻǽɣԸĸһҲԸһӵź
һԵ˵ͷһ⣬Ҳڼĸһ棬椶ڣ˵ΪѪŨˮͦ˹


585 ѵĽ


ʱâȴɯǽɽ⡣
硣СػһȦĿͣһϣʱųЦա
뼸λϾɯʲôʱ⿪ˣ
ɯ͸λϡɯȴǱƽʱ̶ڹעߵŪôĶȻ֪еĴħûжּߴ̳߸һ˵İΣҧҧǶҲ˹ΣգҲñסǡ
һ椶ǰʮɯΪζлл㵣ˡ
ѾͷҪ㣬ʹˣɲҪ̫ˡɯһЦؽƵŮϣһףʱһѵĹĲҪ̫׸ĸм֮ر
һʼ磬ǺһЦ۰Ͱ͵СҲ뻳У椶һһңͬķ۵ɰŵɯվһ飬˲һֺܰһĸо
椶ãʶһ¡һЦʵ椶ǻҪСһЩΪػһЩҪСҲΪʵԵʡ
椶ŽߵǣûһСͬ࣬ʱʮָˡãҽ椶Ժҽ㣬һᱣġ
ǵҲɣûΪ椶СԸ㣬Ⱥ̫¶ˣʱһСĽвĵĵСѾͷһȵòˡ
һͷۺ櫾ͰȿˡһȥһֶŮôҲһž۲ǡ
ǵȻͷɯֹѯһô⿪ƵأҲǶһʣһĸŮܵ˵һУСӼȻôı£ϣҲܾȵòźá
ţ࣬ߡһ˵űСѾͷһʧǰ۹ʹڹ۾̨ϣźų±ײɽ˻˸ŲʺĹâȴϾͣϰµû䡣
㣬Ե㶫ɡ¶һ˹Щһֱ겻Ҳʮֵģÿÿпб졣
ûоܾµĺ⣬һͬڳϣЩ¶ĹʮָмȷʵҪһ
㣬׺ͽڵȥأ¿̸һǡ˵ŶϹܿһڽáһȺӾ۹бȥ˱ǡ
˵ǹҲ˴ħһȥֵġ˳µػɵȷʵܹ
ҲôΪˮսȿɶǹˣҾɭֽߣһ˳ȥ¶櫣ǿɺˣɭķǳƯЦ˵ŵһ콫۹Ҳ۹֮УҲͿǵظŽһ𵽴ˣʱһҲһǶôõһ鰡
ûд𻰣һЩ룬֮ǰħɭ븸һӡ
ʲôأǻյӣҰɡһϤͳĵЦͻȻŮĶ
ȻͷǸ˴Ųõ΢Цбڹ۾̨ش̨ϣĿעǡ
ˡСŮ˷ܵ𣬳һ˹ȥûбˣῴµŮôСŮ˵һ档
һڻһǣȻ§ת˼Ȧ
ҸؽЦţüĿ֮価ǲõĴ⣬һһСƿԱߣҲռһ̫ã֪˿һ϶Ϊĸ顣
һڴֵֻ̿رһ̾
һҵҸ׺𣿡ģСץסһůĴ֣ƺůԼһһ
һشֻֽСֶס˽ҵˣ㸸׺׶ţҪ׼
ǰ벿쳣ϲһǸתۣȥҧڴҹȥҪǡ
һͷ¡ȥɣУҪúչ
һһůˣ򸴺󰡡
һܿͨħصȺ
ףסøĸĲ״һ˹ȥһʹû˿ȴžѪ֮顣˭Լ׵Ĳ״絶أ
椶ȻСԣԸĸҲûʲôӡ󡣵޵ôңҲһп޵һͿԱûоظֻŸоĪѹĪĿ׽Ϊ˱ˣҲѹ
ޣΪ֮ټ㣬Ѿ޺ˡɳƵοǲҰ׿նȴġ
ǣЩ쵰ҪɱǡҲƲԼһХ죬ѻΪһ׺ڽľϢλϣ޴β֮ıɨ˹ȥ
ʾ¡λϲĩֻĹȻʵ峤ȴһξ롣Ĺĵֻѣȴ䵽ʵżܲƾǿʵҲӲס
ˡ㻹벻ظסһйòˡһͺȽס
ȻһԾĸĸ侲»Ϊνһߣɡ
һظȥ۽ǵ飬Ὣ뻳Уķ۱ڣһġ
ֻŵĸܵһůʼ§һһξ˶˵Ѳɻȱ
ãƽһԵ櫵ѣĸŮۣҲ櫼Ůǿ
һţ༰λ̡
ҾһԽʮʱ̫ǳŲסһȫĹסڵļ׵ǣǾټÿ˸նһĿǰס׵ۣʱ׼λãҪȻ׵Ȼһסⲻʲô⡣һɫ˵ҲЩò׼
Ȼ񴫳ߣǶʱնϵģ𣿡ǵ֮дһʣΪһʵҪסڰ೤ļ׵Ҫʮ˹ʱȻһʵɲ⣬ʮ󶥼ǿߵĹֻܳܲܶҲܷһ޵
ΣҶỤסڵļ׵һûйֻ˱֤
ǺãͲҪˣʼ˵
һߵǰʹʼɡ
ǵػҲˣҪļһסļ׵֮նۣҪ֣ɻԹȥһԣȽͣšһѵĳʹԲͨ˿ԳܵģҪǵ컯ˡ
ףһҪסҺþߡƽ࣬˿Ҳץ׹
֪ɣôĥͦˣҲһᵹһءۼϣһž۵á־ĩй˼ͦ
ࡣһ˸ɫĺźòˡ
ͷӶ𣬽վ͸ĺһɢɵˮؽĵط˿ƤɼͷһظѪļ׵ں֮ԵʣҲû̫Ѫ
ȷʵдүǡҲֻ嶶˶߶ûһ
˲ûöáʮĿѱȫ
һһȫ߲ʹâ˫ֵס۵Ķͷȫ뾫͹ȥֻڱ¶ļ׵߲ʵعâˮ㸲ǣգۼʹͷβû˼϶
ʼһͺһ
ʮǰվʮԱ㶯ȫʼס׵ۡӲޱȣƾʵÿһιҲֻһǳӡҲ˵Ҫǧβп֮ܽնϡ
ʮÿһι۶Ťĳܡʹÿһεĥܣкü˹ȥֻǼ͵־޵Ǳһ˫ŮĴڸǸ
һӲܣֻѪڣʹʶһشʹ
˹˽¡Ҳʮ־޴󣬿ʵǿҲֻնһССĿӡ
৵һһĿҧͷɫƴüļڰתеϵħԪطӿ˹һڵ
ǰ¹ǼеعħԪֿ
ÿһЩԲס˶һΪԮܿ졣ƾѾҪնˡصˣ˲ͣعƺҲֲסˣʶѾʼģһпԶѲˣһʱ˶űˣһι۾ͻ᳹˯ȥ
Ľֱʱ򣬼ٷɽʣΪ֮һԭʱ˫ѻûΪɫβ֧ӯ壬ǰһ߲٣ۻҵɨ˵˲Ѫڣĵظо
Ժʶһ±ѡ
˶һؼȷͬ죬ԭΪǿĹܣĵĹЧ
սʱôһ񲻵ʿһӳ˼ļħһ㣬ɱǵ͵ȼļħ̫ˣһ롣
ʵһõû걾ĸ߼񼼣һλһĿҼܣȴ֪ʱ䵽
ȻһХнⱩһǿҽâĽɫնӵһС֡
ֻוּһ죬ȫ򿪡֮ȡĨ˶ͷһѺ飬þûô˰
Ľ⿪鼤һ̵ľնۣһ֧ţ̣ʶһ飬ͲҪװˣңһװ֧Ųסջأûټ֮ס⼹׵ˡڽ⿪һôһ㡣
ˣҲˣֻʵһЩֵ۲նһ룬İһѣȻҲĵ
˾ɡߵǰ˵
ȫˮ͸ȻԲԸԭ˾ˣʱȴϵ׵Ҳԣ˵һлл˿
λ峤һɫɷס˿ɫͬѿһ븸ۣʹѣҪˣһѪˮףһˣ˿ȴĬĬž޴ʹࡣ
Ѿ˹ؼʱ̣һൽ˼ޣҲǣ֧ţŲڡ
ڣӼ죬ţ໹λϽӶԼ񣬸۵ƣߣֻҧڿţĵˣϾûе񾳽簡
椶һԿãϵ֮ͻȻʲôȻСһţһǿתŻһۣһ۽⿪ˡ
һ㶣űһ󻶺һֱ椶һΪĹֶξɣȴû뵽ɵΪһʵ幥ػ֮ôһ椶ȴƿһ㣬Ҫ椶ͣҲͲһȻΪ֮Ĳػľ񣬻һЩ鼰ɡ
һջתͷһһ˿Ѫ
һôˣԱߵ˵ᣬȴע⵽һ
ûʲôһȥѪڱתͷЦЦ
һѽһץһʺѪֹгžʹҸìܸо룬һܽһӵȫ˰ɣԺҲᣬһҸĻЦΪػߡ
ƳˣƤ֮˶Իָ˵ľ˵Ͳʲôˣ۵Ѿסˣˡ
ֻĹȣʱָ
ֵʱʾǿģΪһиŮ˵ĹҲû
ֻڴ׼֮ʱһ֮ȴǲԵ


586 ħ


һţ룬һۼ׵ͻأسɽ֮УȻ
䣬ŵǰһγһԲΧߡ
ɳⲻĵط㴳ͱٳȥû뵽ħҵǹƥشһںı飬ƺ̡
ˣ뵥һ㣬ôϻɳ΢΢б˷һۣ˵
㡭벻ɳţû֣ȴס
һǧ꣬ħ±ɡҲһ΢Цɫȷ߷緶
ĸȥεҲȦӣصǰ֤ѵɳ˵
һһ椶Ǳˡ
ɳ˹Ŀ椶ϵ֮ͣһ±ȤشһϿ¿ƺһҪȤһ㡣
вСҲǿڣҪͿȽйͬԡһüͷָ
λӣЦãСҲ̫ûûСˡɳ֮ôһΪԼǱŮƳ籸Լһų˵˭ܴһ޸˭ҪȻޣһһƷζԼŮǶ˼˵С檳ȺɲһŮ
ħ£ħһ徿Ǻδ㣿ɳʵ
ȻħһصѵΪ䡣ɳ
λƺ飬ֻǻû˵ڣ̵ãȻͬͬһǰӣͬԸĽѡ
һһת¶һ˿΢Ц֮è尡ƺƵġ
ˡɵ̸Ҫ黹ءһŽ˵
ûڵǣħ£Ȼˣɷһæأ˵ħɳʵ൱ʵôҲһˡ
ֻҪܰ쵽ģƴǡɳЦ
׼˽۵ľ飬ﶼ죬Ҳٽţħİټϵʮȫȥɹ˻
һ̣һʧʹ࣬ʱһĲ˻ȥһҲڿžһˡ
һҲû뵽ô˳ĸĸȳһħһѴϵĿͷЭ飬ʽϵӷһ֮󣬵ʱ˫ǽ飬һħһеҲһȫۼһ椶ʱҲʱΪ徫ϵǳΪ仹õǸ֮
ҹɫ紵Ϯˡ
һɯĻ԰ٴһǧС椶Цǧϸ߸ߵţСѾͷͶԵʶ֮һ𣬼ֱ׽ûס
ɯ£һϴͼʱ̧ͷ΢ЦؿСѾͷһŮӾȻϲŮӵĻơһ֮ŵһϣĻЦ譲ӵǿգĺܡ
Ǵջûӷųһ˲һ΢΢ţɢҵĽͻȻͻȻƾʧֻʣȻƻζš
һǬŲ˼۷壬Զĸ߿ա
ҹλ°ûдȰɡһӰ۳ʵ壬ЦһһΪε
Сӣٺ˵˵Ҫ㽫ǵȥıｻûֱӽ˳Сӣտʼ뻹񴫳ߵġ
ʲô㲻ԩ˰ΪͿթˡһϷıʮ㣬̽ȥض³ص
ˣʲôʰɡħɳͳЦ
һϲشһ󣬺ٺЦǲм鰡
ħɫظһһţȴһǰ˹ȥ
˵ˣǲʹͨ˵ġһʵ


587 ֮ǵϢ


λһ֪ʼĩ
һħһԷһֱˮڣ׷Ѱʱλνʶ󾹳˺ѡ櫱ץԼһܵһ취Ǿȳ֮ĳޡ
ֻеһЩʮ̣ҪﵽĿֱǧѣǶڵȴһħһĹɳˮŮ͵ܵ½ʱǱһᣬ׵ٶǰȻоһǿñ̬࣬ۺ櫵ŮϵǳҪǷ椶Ǵ˵е壬ôħںϱ˳
ϺꡣһƲЩ˼ǧϼһȻûһʡ͵ĵƣõӡ֮մմϲΪأû뵽ⶼõģЩ
һչ˳⻹öлл㰡ħЦһļ
˵˵ʲôãʵʵġһ˵
ãɳҲСˣʱ䵽ħʲôñǡħЦ
ֵĴħЦСһģһҲҪҽƽϣʲôʱôˣ
ٵֻҵӢڲ½ɶҲٱħһۣвС𣿵ȻûУ֮˻ΪǹŮɳЩ㡣
ˣͱˣ˵ǿɶеĺˬ֮һǺЦ¶ֽŵǶںôꡣ֪֪Ĵڣ
壿㲻˵ϻС㲻Ǻ壬Ӧûǻ塣ɻ
ȻǺ壬ȴǱģ˵ĵطк֮ǣ֪֪һʵ
ҵ֪ŷλǴûȥкΧһֱںףҲûʲôϸ𡣡ħ˵
һһϲʵĸԶԶ
ԶԶԶϷ򾭹ħҹͣطʮӦþͲˡħ˵
ôԶһ΢΢һ¶˼飬磬ûܹҹͣʮ£ƾķϵħҲҲ˵Ϣʱ䣬ܿڶʮϣһ֪λáЩ鷳
ȥĺ֮ǣȰ㻹Ǳȥ½عУ֮пɾˮΪӴȻСʵǿҪӲֲ˺áħѵ
Ǻǣôûӵȥݷһ»𣿡һЦ
Ҽ壬Ǿ崳ǵأʲôɶܵΧħ
ôקһ°üеǱȤ𣿿úúøЩĺһΣʲô໥ݻ
һٺЦǱڴʲô⡣
λ໥һۣΪСӻԼͷϣע˫˫ˡ
һɲں˵֪֮ǵĴŷλѾһ޴ջˡǲ֪ôõʱ䣬̷ƺСôˣ
һصɯСϣʱҹɫ椶СѾͷѾ˯ˣֻɯϸţƺڵȴ
үһ֣΢Цӭ
һ§סСЦ²ôġ
Ϊ˵㣬һ̫įȻҿɵȥ˯ˡɯվһһۣԼҡ
С㣬Ҳ˯ɡһٺЦߴһһֻǱ顣
һ֣΢죬ԹԵظһ˷䡣
ǹ͸Сľ뷿䣬Ļ˳΢紵룬յ׺ط
һͬħȼԭʼļ档˿ʵƮȻ䣬ɫķ˿ưɢѩ׾Өļ໥ӡģŵɢž˵̬鷿ͦۺٺջϸ͵ڵĵǻ϶һӫ⣬ǿеŮ
һеʮ㡣ǰסһزӣ۴ؿϸܵǣСɵؽһѡ
˳ԣһͲסر׵˴ϣ˵ҰʶڹĲ
ãһ̲ˮһУ˫գźţ΢΢һ㱡ʱţ߳Ͼþĩɢȥ
һĽ𣬸˳һԣԾĦ֪ϲĸ
һСһؿڲ˶ףĵȽ廹رĻţóʵ
ȥظףȻǾͳɡһһƵķ
΢΢һ漴ϲ̧ͷʵүǳȥ
Ȼȥ֮ˣѾ֪˺֮ǵĴŷλȵ֮취ȥһЦ
ţүáŤ壬֪һһֱϣˡ
ˡС㣬ٶҿĲ㡣һͻĩ㣬ֻǹ˼ϢģʱĽšвϻص
Ǿүͷɡҧ´ĵҪˮŶ
һѹ£һ졭
ڶһ磬һˬ뱻ýĵҡ
סŶ椶ˡ椶һЦŴһС
һٺһЦСҲСѾͷ¡
㣬ƯСע⵽һ޹޵
ǿɱȽƯˡϲǸŮӲϲ˵Ưأرİǰʱɯ˽бһһɫ΢΢죬һеǵǣܲ磬緹
籧Ǻ椶ιԡСǶһĻޱȾ
֣ιԷһЦ
㡭ϳźӣ軵ˡɯһһ۵
⻰˵ûʲôо΢΢һɯ˼Ϊ⻰оһӶɷԹһ㣬¶ظɾֵ˼ˡ
ĿɯûвԼʲôԣС֣Ůֹҧ˶䡣
һѾͷһһϣһתͷŮͨز֪˵ЩʲôЦ˵ʲôأøƨƵء
ϣǳ԰ɣȥɯһ¾伱˳ȥ
һ棬үǲû簡һһȻôãˣѹ־ɯֵֹģԭõˣôһ룬ҲЩΡ
Թ緹һɯĸŮһǰ̽ڻָеۺ櫣ɯеĽƱһ⿪Ҳ˸˳ˮ顣ɯĸŮжˡ
ϵţӭһߡ
ôһʵ
үĸ廹ѹߡ˵
أһʵ
Ҹħг顣ʱ׵ٶ͸³ܴӶ˳ӻ׵ٶ
һʼ磬Ͳٲκˡܴ·ǰڵĵط
һˡһϲȻһ˿ߡ
һ֣ӣһſİѻΪε櫣˶ţϲźħ˿ڡ۳䲻ֻ۾ѾʧƯһ´һͬĸ￴Ůǰ㡣
ĸõ𣿡һ΢Цǰĵ
һţǻллľ֮ءЦŻӦܴӽһžۣĵлˡ
һ˾ͲôˡһЦ
һˣǺǣԣһҲͲˡƺʮһش
죬ǵ΢ЦȻй¶õ顣
ʱɯǿżǰ㡣
Цŵһϸ˿ɯϲɯѾͷ
ɯص䣬ôЩԼԼˮֹסԱӵһҲܸȾ
ã˲ŷֿ۽ɯȻʵɯӦó˰ɡǵ㵱˭Ҳϵġ֪ļСȢ⽾˶
ɯȻŤͷ󡣻ǣ
ڶӦһ椶ǣǣ˽
椶ĵðŵۺ櫶˲ղ椶֣Ǿǿеĸ顣ŮǱץʱѾ£һֱǣοֻСŮǱץʱ̫С¶ǸûӡСŮһΪͶǿҵʮֲܡ
ǣд̸̺ɯǵ
ؽˣۺ櫻ع亢Ӷ£ǶôСܻΪθе֣ҲɯķǺˣʱȴЩĲɣΪ椶Աߡ
һȻǵ˼椶椶ԣȥ׺͸
椶ȴǽץסһָͷȻۺһиУϾİֻǾǿҡͷ椶ĸףǡ
΢΢һ̾һȻʮʧ
ʵ椶ףҡ
ף㲻Ҫ椶𣿡һû˵椶ֻ۾ˮһУֵС§סһĲ֡
һһᣬ椶ദôãŮˣҲʮ椶
˼һĻĬҪһͻȻʮİ˲һ׵飬رһǸ׾׵Ѹٹ̡


588 ǣӪ


һûǿ椶Ǹ櫣ȴظһο΢ЦȻﲢܣ椶һŸ֤⼸һ椶жôչˣСӵжϸֱˡ
ҲΪ˻εգ櫱㽫ת˱ɯϣḧС㷢⺢ÿɸأ
ɯѾƽ飬˰ˣʲôŲµأһ̾ˡ
һæ׷ʷʲô顣
ɯҡҡͷСǵĶǰķ˿
櫼СǶͷ⻬һƬһСûУ¶ʱˣ̾ࣿɯЩίˡ
ûʲôίģҵ߾Ѿ֪ˡɯЦ
Ҳ겻ѣһҲֻмǲ߲ͣʵ̫˰ʱԼĴŮոմĿѾ֪Ѿͷϲһ˵ȻŮǸ࣬ȴǵõ񴫳е࣬Ѳһ⣬ֻǣǻҸһһ޵壬һ߾˵Χơ
ʱһ椶˳ȥţ׵ٶҲ󣬱ϾһദȽ죬гܻЩ
Ѱһ֮¡ůɹϣǰһ޼ʵտ󺣣ĺ˾һ±ɳѵõİݡ
һһƽʯϣ椶Ļһһԣ˻űĿ
һʲôȷԼģҲࡣ
Ӧûʲôˣħ»ҴȥҺĺ֮ǡһ˿
ЩԥһҸ׺ĩҿ²ܺһȥˡһôζΪԼرôһôžۣ龫ǣ׺͸˵Ѿˡ
һҷֱôãʱ㵱ȻҪ׺͸׵ߡһЦЦûȥ
ʱţһӱ˹˷ܵϴȥţȥ
Ҳź˹үһݡ
׵ٶ͸³ſȥµĵطҲ˯ˣƨƨߵܹ˵Ҫһͬǰ
ǺǣҺֻȥ̽̽˶˷ãдҪǰæúܡһЦ˵
һе׷׵ͷ˴󡣾ѾˡֻҪһĿĵһħ󣬻৵һ¾ʹ͹ȥˡ
ʱдһǿҵһһâһħѾվǰ
һЦʣôλ̸Σ
޵һħʱ̸£ӦȺУƫƫһӲ˵ҪħУҲħģ˭Ըȥ
һһ룬˼֣⣬ħԪŨħڰħԪŨȻԶԷĵ̶ûʲôøˡ
һһתٺЦĿǰʱڣӦ干ͬϹͬٲ˵񣬵Ϊ粻ɻȱ壬Ǿٰ˵Ҳһ£ٰص½֤һΰʱ񲻸
ħһŵüͷչȷɻҲܶҲʱ»صеʱˣԼͬİͬһĽ顣
ȻˣҾȻز½һ£ȻҴȥѰҺ֮ǣǲ½Ϊǰŵһ˵
ˣħһ˵Цʵ
ûһЦŻش
ȻˣҲ˵ʲôˣز½źþͻɣҲħһ˳·߰ɡħһļ˵
ȲͻȻ廰תһɫСŮ˵ħսʱµżлһλź˵ֻܿżħţɲȴǽȥһ¡
д£һȵһЩʱɡħһźҲޱ࣬еȷϵشڡ
һ룬ţ࣬Ը°ɣż֮źͰõͽˡ
ţͷӦ

ǣʱѾ˳Ϊ˲½Ȩеڣ֮£ãĽο͡
ԭǽڻӺڵػӣǸոտʼõƷɺһ룬½صĸֽͬ۹ؽںϣӶΪʵزһǡ
ԴŭǩġƽԼЧ۹ͻȻӿٹԽˣҲԴԴϵӿɽ½һٵ龰ദǡῪʼһ緢չ͵Ľ׶Σܶѧǰĩеʢʱ
ʱŭٻػǸӲ죬е;ԸصǴкڵŭÿȻɺæ۹ӴػʼЧתùĲģڵһһᣬɫ󣬲磬״̬Ѿһȫʢʱڡ
£̫ӻˣ鷿㡣ʱһӻʳǷ
ŭһϲŽӴعϱȥˡʱʵЩįŶӻˣϲѡ
ŭ鷿ԼĶЦͻȻ֮ЩпǸѧӵܴʱѳɳΪʵ꣬ӿһοһĪʧ䡣
òס׿ԽԽˡһЦŭһֱûниʣΪΪ׽УⱾкܹܵŭĬϰҲ
ûûСɺͳŭϵüĿϲȴй¶顣
һĻẦ£ǰסŭؼЦףͱٰ⸱ˣү֮õûˡ
ŭ°ͺӶ˶֮ܣȻˣѾˣҲûҪ⸸׵ļˣֻȴЩӲЩ̫ϰߡ
ڸߵɳԶŭʵλΪ°ɡ
һͷڵףҲףһħһ屾ˮڣΪͳһһ£һ֮彫Ҫڲ½ᡣ
ŭԷʡ͵صƣһŴ뵽ڲ½дӰ졣һվ鷿תȦͻȻ̧ͷƳһһֲ½ⲻһ򵥵飬ƻΪѾʶˣȷƵ𣿡
ףӰͷģΪҵŮŮ椶һٺЦ
Ϊͷˣһص㽻ȥʱ֪ͨǣӰչǻܺǩһϵеԼŻĵλӹ̣ŭΪ̳ƴ˼ʮӣʱ뵽һϵеķ泩²ɵЦ
¾ͽɸװˣȺµĴħ󡣹һħһ£ʱ׿ǰȥ̸һЦ
̶飬һЩҷչеһЩ顣֪ͻ谵
ף׺ȺѾͷڵˣһʵ
ոϢ˵ǱŮȥɭˣǺǣΪǸ˶ʮ꣬ξúɡŭἰбһ˿飬ΪĬĬĸΪڣһЩҪġ
һЦЦȻԼϣɭôҪˡ
°ɣҲôһ졣ȥӪһ䡣ŭһ˵
һҲûԣ˵þûȥӪˡ
̫ƽߣֻһȦȼŵƲʣһǰǶפĿţžѪϴѪţرһֱάҵ˫Ӫ۵սСϡû֧ܹ֮еľ˶Խ˫ӪΪ٣˫ӪмʹײһߵﶼӮ𾴵Ŀ⡣
һӪ⡣պٵʿĿںŻӪ
һ΢ЦվһߣǰӵľȻϳλµ̫үλ˫Ӫصߣ±ȨʵƿߣھеѾˡ
ѪɫŵʮӶӳڳɽܲμӴ󽫾񣡡ټܵһǰʮ档һ˫ٱ˾߸ֱͦأ뻯һһǾ֮ʦ
һһǾй涨Ӫﲻ۾ζֻ۾ְؿȺӣЦڶӳǸոսеһѵ
ش󽫾ʮװԽҰʮȫһ¡ڳɽܽشش
ŵѵĿ¼ӵİɡһЦʡ
ش󽫾ǰ±ý¹涨һѵĿýҪҲҪΪĲڳɽһͦش
ãȷʵӦǶɵĲڽӪȥɣúøɡһڳɽܵļմֵ۹ԽԽϵһ֧Ӧľս
һӺӪţֵشŵʿϳһݣҪʾ˾ƣһ֮ʱϸ涨͡
һһӪһϹӭʮϹѳϵѾĥƽһӾɢǿҵɷСӵľϿȾ˵Ѫ
ŸųϹ󽫾ϹϲһһȥԼĴʡ
һѳΪһϸ񽫾ϹοѣϹͷ㳤ˡ
򡭡ôʣϹҲԼĸ飬һ̻ʲôһˣһһȴţھӪÿһÿһμģһݵˡ
ˣþûгԾӪķȥʳüһΣһЦʱʿǶٻˣʳҲÿˡ
ãȵȱýɣ½ŮھӪһͷղҵĸȥ֪ͨˡϹЦһǰӲŻֳĽ
ǺȥʲôʱģһЩϲʵѹָԼӪתתԭΪü˱֮ûһк³˸׾ҪֲһЩʲôԸΪģҷΪžųһȽκһƫ¾ְնȨ
ǰģýһھˣһͻԾϹ
һЦЦһӶ벻Ӫˣ˻еΣȴſˣÿ˶ÿԼ··ھӪ˶ܶ˶Ҹ㹻ˡ
һһɫ۵ıŮױˡ
һӣһȻûпڣȴһ뱱֮䳤һĬ
һ˫ӪʳʱڳԷʿ৵վȵǰˣһǰϹλ
ǶվϿûдöø͸ףӣʯͷϴӳˣһ˰ڰЦ˵ǰϱһкǰѵ֮ҲῪЦƵغֵµı죬ʮСһͳڶеľѵʱײϣѵһŵͻϲ٩䣬ѵ˵ʿʮֹգһͳþʿ֮ദǢ쳣Žᡣ
һ˵ķ˺ʿ࣬ȴϲ١ϣϹͱһ˵ս䶯һЩµսԹѯһ
һϢӪܶʿʼ߾ۼرһЩ±ĿһżķɣҾٽӵϢһһ档
ۿԽԽһϹȥ֪ͨ˵ѵȡʿͨͨ㽫̨ϼϡ


589 δ


ϢһӪϵĹʱչʾʿǼΪٵطӦٶȣ̶ʮ֮ڣĵ㽫̨ǰվ˿ŸӪӵʿӣѹѹһƬ̨һȥۺῴбһֱֱߣ֮
һڱϹһһҵµ˵㽫̨һżӣһƬֱͦļһҲɼЩʿǷڵѪǲ־ɽ
Ͼơһͳһһڿ
ٽһ̷ԸȥŴ㹻ƣӱǲƵģغ˹ÿܱضһᶨÿһʿһƣ־ƶߣζŨжҩģԽ񫣬ҿǿ塣
һһܿһ룬ɢŨŨľζ
ֵǣһ֣첻ǳΪʲôҪϾأһڿɨһ฻гӣЩǾĥѵϱЩǺ油±
ʿžһֱվһƬ޼ʵɭ֣ǳȵ̨ϵһȴĽ
һ룬ԼԼǳΪһʿһǾ͵ԼʹǾǵǵѪǲĵ־ȥ۹ǧǧİգ۹ʿɣһһ
еʿһ󼤶ˬѧһһβʣ£ֱͦĿӼᶨ
ڶ룬սֵܡǵѪǽӪʱԡʿиֵͷ­֤ԼʬɳһʿعޣǶӢۣΪǵĲ꣬ɣһͷоƣȴЩƵؼʬ̾͵·ǰֳ˹ǱѪȾأӭŭŵѪɫ֮
Ϊ꣬ɣʿһ𣬾ʪ½֪ҲһɳҲǵĹޣɳսĺɭɭ׹ǣ⼣߲ظֵһѪӿʪ˫Ŀ޲ս˺ɱء
Ϲ뱱һػҲ쳣룬ǶսĽ죬Ƿǳȴ֪һһĻ;òơرǱʹƾŲпѪֶλãɱƤһ£֪Ϊνȴ׵ܵӰ졣
ʵⶼһ̬ؾǿԼѪڵɢȥ׵Ӱ쵽ˣ𱾾Ĭʮ㣬ܵӰ졣

ҹʱ֣ǳ죬ˬһҹľӪ˳š
һ뱱ովһҵŮս໥ӵһ
һ˫ָű˿ķ۱ٹСʱӦþҪˡнʿһֵҹոֺͱ˸ˮ֮һʣ¶ʱˡ
ãָһЩſһʵϣڵļµӣʵǲǳʲôˣ
һ΢΢һЦָ̧űûʲô£мҪ㽻һ£һὫ󽫾㣬Ҳʱ۹ӾͽܣѵԷɣԿڵ۹ÿһ˫ӪĶӪѡΡѵǿȶ˫Ӫı׼ŵսʹսʱ϶Ҫ
΢΢һ㶣ĵɲʱһ˼ƹܿ۹оӣڴ½һƬƽʢķΧȴ˵һһ˽⣬һǲʲôΣһ˵Ҳסûʡ
һ΢üͷһ̾ϣ½õľ治ᱻƻⷬҪΪػһ˵ƽٱؽʲôƽ٣ô½޿ɱҪһαݻٻʲôֻδѰˡ
û˵ֻǾӵץʱʣõ´ʱ䡣
ֻʱ䲻Ϊǵͣ½Ųºܿȥ̫ճһ´󽫾֮αʧʣͽһĨճӰ


590 ħĲӬ


ͨ͸类ϴһϵ׺໨İƣһĵɫʣ֮ˬ
֮ϣʹСһãǹ׳ĲƱʯڶ̶һϽһ̻Ի͵żҵ񺡹Ǳ֮УЩʹк򱻷ƫԴ˼ħսʱӢǡ
һص֮ʱ߳ʽڽ֮УŶӰձݹ񺡹ǰݡħʱȴںţȤţϵʮֺ档
㲻ȥմ𣿡һͻأƾճ֣ħЦʡ
ħȴǺ֮ɫƲƲһȥʲô֡
ǱϾҲ񰡣ȡһЦһƨڲݵϣԴϡ
ɳǾ񣬸еһû䣬˵ҺЭ飬һֹһʱ̿Ըıģһһ޲óҵӾ֪ˡħ˵ԴȻԤϡ
һߺû˵ʣݺζ¶ѩĦţֱߵͨ졣үҶ
ħûɨһһۣСӣһҹļҹֲ˼ɡ
ħ㡣һٺЦĽȥԴǵʮشϡ
ħԼŮ˵ЩʲôջŤûһСһһԼŮʵЩίˡˣɳҲûŮжŮĸݣһл˳ȻɣƵĲֹһǼһﲻҲһŮ׵ٶƺСҲе˼ѲϱǷģ
˺һʽŸһ䡣
һҲٵ顣һӵ𣬵椶СѾͷʵһֲԸȥòɿС֡
ԸţһЩ£һ§ħһͬʣ̤ѰҺ֮ǵ·;
޿㣬ʱƽ˾ֻ΢΢Ĳ壬ȥһƬ׵
羰ˣһ̫þЩƣˣһ§ڿпٷӣʹŵش˹Ƿ˵طﵽ˰֮Ѳʲôչ黹ͦĵģħıһ£˼Һô³һȭͷв
أһľİ𡣱һӺڰԪռ˳Ǵ󣬷豾Ŀұ졣һ˵˿ûӰ죬ɸħ
֮󣬺Ƶħϡɼ
ħһ󵺣ħסȺҪֶˡ
һոħ䣬ĿͱýĲƱرɽɱҸŵĲƸ𺶡
ħĹصȺôɭϣħˣЩɫֻشкɹ̫ɹ̫˯ɴ˯
ɳˮһϲشԶ˹Ӱ룬һԷֲӤһ㣬֪ǼǲҲͬһأһ޺ЦϹ롣
һǿˣӭǹħɳЦţǰĸ첲ȴͣһϡ
ħŮ飬̾һдǣȥͼλЩ顣˵ˡ
һ˵˵ĸ׺ǲûˣɳģһ˿Ů黳
ɳ㣬⻹ܳ𣿡ˮЦɳ
ɳˮһۣҪȷ뵱Ȼô˵ҲǵֶŮ
ţбүϻûи㲻顣һٺЦ
ʹɣȰɳ㶨˵ˮЦ
ɳʱһƬ̺죬ݵˮȴֱͨҪ˵һС˼ֻأ
ˮôЩûƺֳƯ˰һˮǰ˫ˮ۵С
ᡭˮһСŮ˶š
ǺǣˣǲιһħɣҲ˳Ҹطһħ󡣡һЦ
ڴʱʮɫնΪν˵ߡԶһЩ˯ģɹ̫ؾ׷Ȥߡ
һ⼸ʮڵħ꣬ײײԱߵɳЦ˵ЩСһ߲ưòħͳش֮ɡ
Щħһܵɳ֫ӴҪһ㡣
£Ǹʲôɳüŭʵ
ͷһƵһڵħһ͵ġ
һüѹɳϣûӵļһΪħĿʲôأλһ㲻ЩʧˮЦʣˮħû徻ĵططӬ̫ˡ
ˮһЦɵʹˡ
ǹһһҷǲӬŭգЩѾʼˣɢһѹȶ
һȴڣʱӣͻȻ˸磬Ǽʮħȴһըڶ𣬽Բһ¡¡ͣһߵ˵һ¶ûС
ʲôζôţĪǴ˵е֮ôûϴƵģ̫̱ˣˡ򲻳ףǸ˺ѵҲŵˣһ˲ӣɻǰǼʮħ˵
µ˱һһǿ𣬸ɫ԰ףһﾡǰܣΪһ࣬һ˴ȻǳǲעʱҲԶԶ꣬ܵĴ֪ˡ
ɳ˶ɵϣһ֪϶һˡ
ҴǵɣЩӬˡɳЦȻˮһͬ߰ͷһ⼸ʮħߴһ̬עҪùˣҲܴ


591 ؿռ


ɳˮħĴһȦһǾ°ȻħϵķȷʵһϾּȻͬľòشȺɽ࣬ܲһǶСشȴǹʯᾣ㾡ǻҺɫ壬ż֣Ȫˮˣȴǲ½ѼȪ֮ˮһĻɽԵʣȻɽɳ˵ħһǨˣɽ緢ֻżӻɽڳ̳Ӳҽһ൱ȶĻɽħϲȴһƽƽԭ̲𣬿ڣͷ޼ʵĴ󺣣˸̾ѡ
ɳħǸõطʱȶȼٵǲѡ񡣡һĲݵϣŲԶֻ໥׷
ԺпտԳССħķۡɳЦŵƳһһۣзЩȸԾо
ôᣬľ¿ɾħһҶãһɫĴˣ˭Ҳ᲻ˡһЦ
ɳһЦǲҲ᲻ˡ
ȻǻҪҪ죬һúסһӡһҧһݣ۾һ䣬źڲԭ׷֣ͺǼֻһ㣬˾ȥȪˮ̹ԣܿĴȣµΡ
һôˮˣ飬ʲôأһĻ뱻ɳһָƻʹһӷлصʵ֮С
ٺ٣ˡһЦʮ磬еѾˣһвΪܹƽõ
ɳһĨϼ
һʱһĬľ֮УֻкᴵԶĲݵزһԶĺˣ·ͻȻתһ㣬ηˡ
ͻȻ䣬һһԾµеݣˣɳҸܰĵطһħҺȥҺ֮ǣﵢ̫á
ɳ룬һǰطиܴɽħ廤ܿأǿɳǰȴĩֹ
ⲻħĽذɡһʮ޴ħЦʡ
ҲǰɣħİϢ֮׾档ɳἰʱЩȻ
һסɳСһȻſû˵
ɳһһƬͣмһЦȻ߽С
ɽȭͷҹ飬ɢ͵ɫâ֮⵹ûװΡڶױ㵽˾ͷһȵͼڵİš
ɳŵذ׵һѪűɢһȦħâ򿪡
һһĿѣȴִһ߱ж죬ʵϢӭһƬдеĲ֪ĹľУɫʻΧ䡣һȺʵ裬Ȫˮˣֱʤա
̫Ưˡãŷһ̾־һ
˳Ŀ⡣һ̧ͷȥҲһ죬澹ȻΪͨ͸ġһƬƬᷢʯоͺչûʲôûмصؾɫ
ħһһżȻħϷֵģط̫ˣȻ󣬵ľһļ̣ʻ䣬ҲԶḯáɳ˵˽ȥ
ĺˣһֻֻΧ˷裬еĻ󵨵ͣǵļͷϣһص㣬ǻ㣬Щϵζ
һ˵ɳһЦЩҲ֪ˣ˵ﹲʮֻûжҲûٹڻˣǾ±Χƣʿܲ˱졣
߹һ˹Сױ㵽˶棬һ͸ˮľʮߣһϻħŮǽΣΪĵط̫СԵʰɡ
ɳԵһˮǰһòٸ˫գɫ󣬾ͬ˯һ㡣
ףˡɳСָ͸ˮףЩʪ
һڶˮٸһȻɳļ磬ҪģҪѹĻӡ
ɳعͷһЦȴǵףϲˣǲǺ˧һϲ𣿡
ɳƽħɡ
һ˵طǻǲܽذɣȹЩħһȥ½μӴᣬô죿
ɳһЦЩ˴̫ˣǻǷɹȥ
һüͷȻ֣ұһ󣬵滹ҪҸطٲһһʲô·ҲиӦ
ʲô·ɳһһ
д·ʱˣҪ·֪ԴһɸֵɳԴĩʲôΣ֪ȴ֪ԻӰĽѣ뽫ȫ
ԴţԴľԴɳߺߵͷһˡ
һݸһЦΪʼ磬ڲԶĿյϿʼһСĿռħ
ûһħͲúˡ
ҪһħĻͲɽɽ°ɣһҲֻмλϳ롣ˮ˵
Ϊʲô˵أǱ߲һ͡һ˵ͣ˿ɳɫ
ǳȥɣͳҲˣҲԻȥĴħ󡣡ɳ˵˳ȥ
һЩȻӣ̫ɳôͻȻԭĸ֣ԹŮĳЩҲ֮ͨ
߳ƬĿռ䣬İԶ£
˵Ѿͷôˣö˶˵û˵Ҫٲһħ𣿡һСʵ
ЦЦүƽʱͦģʱȴɵɵģɳΪԭ
ʲôԭ򣿡һʡ
ү㵽Ľôħǽڣϲ㡣εذһһЦ
һȻһãȻɳϲԼʲô
ףү汿Ц
һȻһԴ׷ǰɵɳ
ɳĺƯءһͻȻɳĶ
ɳһͣת촽һɲʱʻԴЦһʵʴһǰأֻȥԼ˼ף⻵ڲ׹


592 ʥϹħ


ħıɽ֮£ǡħ뼸λϸո飬һǺ˵صĺ٩һͨһʵλ϶жţرƤĿã⼸λϼһﵹҲûһǰϣϾһǿΪ磬֮ϵ쳣ܣҪôһϵһء
֮һڱɽһȽϴĴħ󡣵һħúϼģһʮֽǣҲûжͣٴϸħ·ߣħˣŰ޾Ĵ󺣷ȥգ۱ʧںƽϡ
»ʳÿ䣬հˬЩ䣬Լɼǳհ㷱죬Եһʮּį
ϣһĨӰǧ껯ʯһ㴣ڶ壬ƴƶɽ紵㷢ҷ裬ӡ
һңǱǧΧƣ˺أľϵ£·һЦĺǳǵĻԻĵħ١
ڼǰӻ۹ʹЦЦӴҲûп˵ԸһĻСʬҰصɽϣѪݡ껯Ϊ硣ÿһˣ㴵ɽĻݣһ˼Ȼţȴһ磬һ㿴ǿ֣֮䳹׸տʼǿԼȥһȥǸ̹ĵӣֻůů΢Цǵĺ֪ԭǸˡ
㡣һһ˿
ľһϵĻӰʧӰ΢ЦҲֹ֮
һ̾ûлͷҲûд𻰡
㣬ǲǻڹңݼݼǰסľ̵֡
ľСһݼݼгأĮݼݼ㣿ΪʲôҪ㣿Уҵĵ̡ϣһ˴κš
ľ˵űתͷҲصسŲԶСľȥ
㣬ѵ㲻ټһ𣿡ݼݼľ̵رӰ󺰵
ľһͣþûŲòŵ˵ɡ
СľڣԶԡʱ䶼࣬رḷ̌ǰĻĵĽ̬ȫʧˣȡ֮ǵĮһˮҲû鶯
˵ɡǲҵƿֵķľ̵ʵ
ݼݼҡҡͷ˵ûСϰٴεʵ飬ĿǰΪֹûгɹ
ľüһ壬۵һĨٴɢȥ
һ취Գȥݼݼ֪ܱûˣȴȻѹ
ʲô취ľʵ
ʥݼݼѿڶľ̵ȴһ㽫Ĳ豭򷭡
ˣʥΧɭϸ˳룬涨¹أ˭ôն⣬֣Ҳǡľ̵ݼݼһۣһǻָһ˿
ڶʲôʱˣǰ߼ǶˣԮأȥ˶۹ҪȫˣĹܵôˡݼݼ
ľ̵ﷺһ˿ΪԼҵһڣΣڵϦȥһæһ
㣬ԥˣ߰ɣ֪һصֱͨʥʥʥʿһ붼ȥԮˣǶֲˡݼݼ
ľҧҧͷݼݼһǰһɽ±Ӷȥ
ǰսΣʳǵıͿˣҲʿפţŮѴ֮˳š
һƬУݼݼһ鱻αװʯ壬¶һںĴ󶴡
Ů䣬صɲʱһħƣװãʧ֮ǳ֮еħװʮ
ڴʱ۹ʹ֮УʵľڤԴСˮˮеͼȻľݼݼصзɱؾ
£ľľڤվһ׺ͷһʽصķʦۣһŵâħȣɳƵʵ
ľڤ͵ˮâºͬʱ顣ͨʥص˹͸¶ݼݼ֪ģϢҲй¶ȥʥϹħĴŷλ
ӪĻᣬҪܵͷľڤһ˳еľڤͳŽʸУ


593 ѵİ


ϵĺ˵컹ƽ˾ձ籩꣬˲䷭ʮףŴһ޻صƣٴصں档ȥԣˮããһƬʡ
ү˵жԶ֮ܵأһԲʮ׵С֮ϵһһļͷӭϰֱ絲ȥʵ
̫ңԶģ԰ٶȷ˰£֮ǾⲻԶˡһ
ͷüȴǾ۶ɢԽٽ֮ǣԽĽţԽı̷ư̺ŮС׵İȫ½뺣֮ʱǲҵϢϾǶǱĺ塣
һоõĲﰵ̾һ˵ͷҲЩ֮ǣĩ漰һ磬ħ˵弫⣬ںĹ쳣ǿ֮򶷣ҲҪߣ»ûסеĿľͻҪŪһ徿ʲôʹǰ屻֮ǣҪ塣
˷ƾȴҲӿ
ǧ֮£һȺءֱغΪӪɱ˵øȷһȫһߵɱ
ͷǣֳֳαΧʵӲǣֳľ޴İ塣
ЩѵأѪз֮Щѷɫ࣬ȻĽءѪˮȺΧΧƺηЩǰ
һϿǵĿòŮ룬ǰеҪ
ӣŴʯǵĻŲסˣǸϿôʯ˵ءһϵİ彫ŰɫħĵʯͷŮСݺᣬһϦ֮串ɱ
ǿȴǿŻһ£˫Ŀ
ҲߣҪЩƴˡһ֣һɫУһȥһâһ塣˵ͷǳ
˹أǰŮشҲҪȥ
ͽߵϰһסǵĹҧҧȥӹǰʣĻѪˣκβҪȻնɽİ
ʱĳ֣еʿ򷢷Ƶ͹ߵػʱһ룬쳣ȴҲܲסȺѪʿѶССʮ˿ڡ
ӣСġһĽ𣬰ֻ岻ˤȥǰһɲǵʡ
˦˦ͷǰȥȴɲʱѪӿֻ֣Ĺİѱʬһ״ԾǰȥǰһƬľ֡
괸壬һƬĺ˷Ϯеľݾ޽໤ر۾ȴĩյ١
˹ء幫ض
ȻΣûԤ֮еʹعͷȴԼĽȫѪźˮƮĽ㣬Ψһħʦںľħ֮ΪʩųһתħĿܵĹתƵԼϡ
ӣǿߡĻ£½ǵӻ
ۿؽ㼴ˮߣӶǻӵȺУһѳȥס
㡣ૺš
˹˹ءߡǰ塭ΨһϣŮһĩ˵ڣȻ˫Ŀʧȥʶ
Ҫ㣬ѡʧȥ˻ǣ޷һֱԼԼĽ뿪
ӣߣ߰ʣĶʮشС
Ȼ̧ͷһųªشеؾݾ޽һȫشһһ죬ҪѪծѪ
һâεħ𣬰걧ؽʧԭأʱһ廤Цݱʿء
ʱС϶ܷһħצ̽ű촽Ķϣ˵üͷ֮ɢȥʱȴ˺֮ǣһʹĻ֮鶨࣬Ҳһ⣬תһŮעİ취ǴֶĪˡ
е̺죬룬Ťһԡ
ͻȻ䣬һ˫˫һסһؿڵĴ֣ɲʱ峺ֻ鶯̺ȴȻɢȥ
үҸоһʮرϢһ˵
ûоʲôϢֻǲԶħĲȥһг֣һʧ֮С
ӭŷĺ˺Ϳ籩꣬һҵħֵĵطĿ»ˣͻȻԶһ˾һźӰ΢
һһ˹ȥһһźӰȴϿǵŮһǿǿİǣԿ϶϶Ǻ壬²ϲҲ֮ǣⲻġֻ˶ˣرŮӣͣˣֻ಻һ¡
һ򵥵شһ˿ڣС
үǡ壿űһڴϵصĺ壬еĸ̷ư˵Ӧǰ壬ǱϵϿֱǰݡ
ǰɣ﷢˺ͱʾ뺣֮ǲԶˣҰϵκãǴ·ˡһ˵شĵڶֺ壬һȻˡ
⺣嶼ôһĿŮԼ̷С׵գﲻô
һȥһغݱ֯ɵùħǵˣ뾫޸ǵΪ幹ǲһһķһ
ǲȥϵѪ裬ǰŮ嵹һ࿴ۣǸƷһŮǷޣҲû˼Ͼ߹ɫ˶̫ˣɫ˲ĵֿ
ү²ûǽܣЦʡ
ΪʲôǷޣһʵ
ү汿ֱֻϵûϵ־ǱϵɫǡЦ


594 ֵϽʯ


һȻʼ磬ûǷޣҲûʲô룬ΨһϵõıǺ֮ǵķλ
ⳡϵıÿȴȥһһҹŽƽϢɢȥ¶ǳ˸ӵ˺쾡ͷ
һһ濾һֻȴһռָΪʳġ
ϲʳֻǳЩˮͺ²ɵһζĺ壬һԿһϵĿܣ۾Ŀ⣬ʱʱһڿˮ촽㲻Ծ¶ůЦ⣬ֻҪܿĴڣǾһֺõҸ
ںˡһĨϵϣת£˺һֻȱͿУЩûкúóԹһġ
С㣬ҪҪһ㣬ݵֻظˡһٺЦ
ΰһһۣᣬҲŲҪ
һЦ䣬ĿȴһĿڵһǽȥ˵ȣóһ˲֣һͬ
ǰڴȻĿѵĽ㣬ϺϲŵȻ̧ͷ޵ؿŽһ
ýţǵǾȵģǺ㲻ɣһЦ
һЦݣ֪ΪξɲʱЩɬллǾҺͽ㣬ձص𡣡˵ͣϣüһ˿ɻֵ壿
ͷȻûǱ֮ǵ塣
Ȼ򣬵ԭǼ걻ȥ壬أûǺζ
࣬ңԶĲ½һЦ
࣡꾪ȵµشһ
ٺ٣ҪҪһһҿֻŮءһٺЦ֡
һ£˱֡
һסֶ˶Цҽһܸʶ㣬ҵŮˡ
ҽ˹أҽ˹صͷȻĿѵĽ㣬һ˿ʹ
İɣû¡Ӧþͻˡһο
˹˴һ⡣һĿ⣬ֻԥųһ£̻ɲ㲻ʶ
ú˼һݸƣ˹ظо궼ΩƮһ½ʧأֺֽؽ˰֮֡
зͬ壬Ǻ֮ϲðݣúƽ塣Բǿں֮ǵĽȥǱĺ壬һҲǣΪھƱÿͳĺʣ嵣ΣΪ壬ȴħֻͬΪںסͷǣԳ֮Ϊ壬óˮϵħסں֮⺣ͨĵط¾ǼΪϲıˣΪʶҲ岻۸ǵԭˡ
ֻ⼸ʶԺͳȿʼ壬޾ȼԼǿĺ忪ʼʳʵȨʼһ衣
ǰ֪һϽʯʯܱﺣѾˣ֮Ժʵȡӣȴɴ֮סں֮ǵļ屻ɱ֮֮Ⱥӵİ嶼֮֡
ݺ˵꣬һ˹ȥֻһﾡǵǡ
ϽʯǱ̷ϵһɡһЦǵõΪһϽʯ³ǻ̷֣֮СߵʱҲϽʯˡ
̷ư̺Сײ˰ɣ㷲ʵһΪı̷ƺС׵ذΣһҲΪھΣеϽʯԱ̷Уǰ֮Ǽɡ
Ҫģ̷ưôµģǿϽʯһһ顣һ
ϣˡ̾һ
һе˸ǳüͷǿϽʯǱ̷еһ飬ôΪʲôᵽ˰УǰȡᣬôεõǱ̷Ϊ֮ΪΣ


595 ͨ


ͨͨӳ͸ߣں浹ӳĻ棬ۺ¼ΪѣĿ
幫Ѿѹĵܵ˹ӵҵӳ죬˵Ѫ
һϸϸ幫üΪƤƣ۵ˮرһӯӯ峺Զ˱һϿǣģηҲϻˡͻȻǰЩ컯һǣ˻ǣһʧһЦЦȴպñֹлĻȴȻȥֱΪֻ
һأԲ֪壬Ǿһһж̹ģΪǳһ߳У߳ʵļ䶼Ҷģ
һȴǷѽʵĺܻɢŽ࣬ȴҪ˵궼ȥҲ˸ոǸЦݲ
оעӣһعϣʣж𣿡
ЩȻջĿ⣬ллǡ
һٺһЦˣܵѾлˡ͵Ϊֹɡ
û˵˼һͻȻ̧ͷʵһһ塣Ϊλ
һ΢΢Щ죬һʾʵ˸ܵһ֮󡣻侲˼⣬˼漫ΪܣһǵصܵܿˡǴѰҺ֮ǣŪ屻ࡣһҲʵʵ˵
Ǵ·ɲʱ
ûһ̹Ȼ֮ӡ
һ˰Σֻ峺̹ʡ黺ҿԴǰΪǲǺΣҲҪ̽ࡣ
һüôң
ĵԼ۹⡣
һɹȻһЦڵ˫ţŶϤĵǹâʱĿһԡ
ô˵ˣϢһ£Ǳǰ֮ǡһЦΪˣ˼ҲڲصĲǵС̾Ͳһˡ˵ΪԸ·ǰ֮ǡ˵ڶĲڰһͬʱͬҲҪһʵȥһУȻЩҲղ
ա˹صĴ¡һ˺ס屳ƬǿǺˮеѹߣһһϼγȥԶں׿νˮɫβŶɵذڶɸں档һȴǾ˫ȣҲϣֻ۶ȾԲˣİѵ㣬ƤԴӺˮΨܵתҲա뺣ҵУҹĻ٣ֻ͸һǰǹ⣬˹ͣ
ĵطһ֮ǵڣڱȽƫܱ߻ӣѪ¾ȼΪ͵ĺ֣кӶ˳һЩðûк߻תһ
ǾǺΣˣһüʵ׶˵Ǹĩ֪磬֪ЩѪ¾ʲô൱½ϵļħޡ
һΣգЩֶԼص̣һһƬ֮оôһֻʵӦû⡣˵
ȻˣǾʹ·ɡһͷ˵
Ǳǧңڵĺ׿ʼֵ⣬һЩϵӫ⡣ͬҲԽԽһòһԿѹ븡ȴƸûиоƵģ¾뺣زˡ
ͬʱһĵҲʼе㵣ģǧѹѾôˣ֮µĺ֮Ǹ󣬵ʱȫڸѹˣܴ϶أϹػ鷳ʱʵܷӳ֣һĵЩء
Сˣһͨ
Ļ䣬һеһɾ޴ʶסȫеֿ˹ȴѱ˽ȥ
ү˵ͨǲҪܽ뺣֮ǡ˵
һϸ˼һĻ˵⻰ʱûһ㾪ţӦ˵һ㣬Ҳ飬һһ𱻾˽ȥ
һתĸоһֻǰһܾڲԶشܣһȫͬڳʶе𾪡
ǺڵīһĺˮһϷͣתţ·ͬһһ㣬͸ˮ磬֪ЩǴӺζǺںһƬһϲͣð𣬺ڵ࣬ľȻǺҽ
ЩǧҲҪȵȥطԸ
һЩݿһҲʲôΣգӿռָͳһС׼Զһݵ˹ȥ
ҪһѾˣֻһ죬ըҩһȻըɴӦЩһըˮʼ
ǱըĲ㳯ӹһզ࣬һȦ𣬷һشͷϵͨ
ͨͣظݺݵһ˵ˣ뺦𣿡
һЦǸԲˡ
һϣеĲҲʧˣֻȻЩĩڿɺˣĶһʱҲͣ£ҿǵõһʱȥ
һӣֻԵкκѼ˶ķֻǾ춯صӦͦԾģͨܳþȫֵס˿϶ҲһƤһҪ
ͨϵȺʱʮɫĹԶ߻
һĿŷʮֻɫˮĸзɫģɫģɫģɫģɫĵȵȣͨ͸Ĵ˿һںˮл裬ɷƯ
ƯˮĸһȤЦ֪ЩˮĸȻƯǶʮǿҡ
˵ЩˮĸǲǴɫģϽʵĿûһôá
ǴɫģɫУôˣһʵ
ģܲץסǣкɱѪ裬һĺǶ·ǾͰȫˡ˷ܵ
𣿲𣿡һԽԽʮֻƯˮĸЦ
һһںˮȻڷĺͻȻ˫۾ܿ˵˫۾ע£ʲôܶΡ


596 ɭ


һµûִɫˮĸ֮ΪʺˮĸΪֻϲͬɫˮĸһǺײʺ硣д˳ƺֲʺˮĸƬغҲǳټ䶾ֻ֮ҪĴôһȫᱻԣСڶ̶ֹ֮ͣ
ʺˮĸؼֵҲڴˡ䶾еȡƳسЧⶾƳˮڽͷŵĴҺɫζڲ䶾ǧ˲ʺˮĸںгмС
òʺˮĸ𣿡һؽüʵ
ֻһ棬ڼǿƾʺˮĸȡ̻볡ʱ±᷽ࡣ˵
᣿͸þ𣿡һ̷ƺСײΪ˲μӺǰ𣿶Ѿôˡ
ڲ̫ƽ˺һϡʱ䶨˶󡣡ش
᾿Щʲôݣһʵ
һΣек嶼ǰμӡҪݱӴؽ״ᣬ۶̽աԼʰ䷢һЩʱһ֮ãػһЩ֯һЩʱ֪ˡ˵
һٺЦЦȷʵҪڲ½ҲٰôһʢĻ
㵽ץץЩʺˮĸ˻ҲҲˡʮֻˮĸ
Ҫżڲ취ҪסǲѣҪǷһ˵۷źڰԪռ仹ǿռָûкˮЩʺˮĸֻ·һ
ֻҪסǾˣȻеطǡ
һһа취ҲԥһӴľüӿγһѸ͸ˮʮֻʺˮĸȦ
ˡһͷе
ȻһЦϿһȡлӳһ΢΢İãһסĲʺˮĸһֻֻ̼١ֱһֻʣ
һؾʵõʲô
˻һֻʳָ㳤͸Բʮ㲻ͬɫعߡϸһЩСĲʺˮĸ
װѱֵؿռƿȫǺˮںʮֳ
һͷ˼½ϵ屾ȫͬ硣ֻֿռƿռָ֮ͬĵطǿռָﲻܴػֿռƿȴԣʱȻĿһʵǲںˮﶼװУ
һһʺǷҲװռƿǰɣ
һЦŵͷ˵ôʡ
ҡҡͷռƿ˺֮װκκĺѾž˽װеĿԡ
һüһʵ㻹ûֿռƿҿ
һԵ˹һռƿ˹ز޶
ռƿһ֣һо洫ħþһ̽ŷƿϿһС͵Ŀռħħʶһü룬ŷռħħȫϵһ󷨺񡣵ȴڹؼλ˼ħϣ졣λ󷨵һλħšܽռħСԾ²֮Կռƿװ˺ҲΪˡ
һһ̧ͷ˹Цռƿ͸Σ
˹ضܵʮֳ羴пܲӦ
ʱҲˣĶӦƽϢˡȥɡһһʱ˵
뺣ͨ·ĺ硣ȻһжƽˮȻ͸һһðһͯ磬˭֪Щݾ˵أ
ЩôôܼǸôȥ˹ؿյĩЩ֮ǰſԱܿƬ򣬵Щ֮Ͳһλ
˹أͲõˡа취һдı˵֪ΪΣа취⡣
ǣɽǡǸɡһЦüһӴؾüӿǰЩݱԱƿγһͨȴܼһһʵȴûײ˹ؽܾһ亹
һ˫ȡһڣֱһþɵͨ˽
Ƭݺ򲢲㳤ҪȻһӴҲʱ򡣵ʱɾ鷳ˡ
ˮٶȿһˡʮ֮ѴƬӡľȴһ˺һò̾Ȼ
һƬƽغɭֺ֡ľһ޼ʣͬ½ɭֵĲԴ䣬ľɫɢžӨĸɫâдէһƺһƬɫʯɭֱ֣вӵеؾɫ
ƯɡؾɫԻˡ¾ص̡αװɭ֮СŻɱϵдߡѵ
һһȦĺɭһƬƽ֪޵ķʸ⺣ɭбȻ̲Ǳڵľ޴Σաʣ¾׳ʲôһʲô𣿡
ҡͷһֱ¾αװ֡һɱû˵˭Ŀ
ĻشЩһ֮⡣ɫҲ˼֣Ȼûк¾Ŀֵֺ֤ǿʮа˾żĿĺ嶼ɥ
вʺˮĸӦû¾мּɵ˵ǰòʺˮĸȫԽƬɭ֡˻еؿռƿ
˵˵ƨãڴҶǳһƲƲ죬ôҶϢȳźɭдȥ
һȵȡΪʲôӺɭϷߡײΣաһɭꡣĽе
һعͷЦЦֱҡ߻ȫһЩ
ԥظȥһǺޱΡ˶ҲûԹԡ֪˺ġҪΪʲô֪
˹ؽԳһ£ˡǲֱʵҲǸаȫС


597 ¾


͸ĺˮںͯɭǺݻŤƮҡľϵӨ΢΢˸
һ䣬Ȼ⺣ɭȴǽȻͬĻľʯͨ͸ӨиɫӨ⡣ȴһƬЩ캣ҲֻǱ㷢⣬һϸһ顣žȵطЩľݷľȻһּ΢СƾۼЩײݱ㣬һ²⺣ĹѲ˸ϵЩײߵɭûشڡ
ɭˮƮƮʯḣ廬غ̦鲼ι״ĺľӺɳ䴩ݣż޴ĺſ޿ǣ飬仪ʶĿ˼֮ĶЩϲǰȥϷЩȴȻ޿ǣɸ͡
ֵǣÿ˹ؽָЩǱԹſ޿ǡԲִĺ֮ȡ
⺣ɭִһʱ䣬ȴĩκΣգ˹طĲ١ƽȴһܾƽ֮µһ޴ΣС
ͻȻ䡣ϸСֽץסһĴ֣տ۾˸һ˿֡
ôһԼ֮С˳ĿȥһʯԵһؿήغľظ
ǻġϢҾúÿֲһͣ
һһþȴĩоκεϢ
˹һɻȻһһʲôҲûв
첻µزµ˹سɫ޴СǰǿήͷЦɹˡһ𣿡
ڴʱһ˫ĿȴȻǽؿľ·ɳо¶Ұ׵عͷһ־岻ĸоķëȫ
СġһһüˮϵӡһݶŻ˹ǽ
ͬʱǽرΪûŤһɻ˹ء
˹ءһһͬʱǽؿή˹رγһԲʮ׵κɫжƱ
ؾĩǱȻ鿪һѻΪһӰ˹ȥץס˹غ˲ʧԭء
ʱһХ˷ɭֶǽϮ˹صؿľȻϳʮ顣̵ҺںˮɢŨҵѪζ
һ˹ԶһŲ档һԵ˹ڡ
һ˹ز°ɡõܵɫ԰ֽ΢һƵһɫ糣ͷ΢΢
ûµءһˡһղʩıʱˮϵԪصЩס˹صĺҪܵĺֻҪڵĺɡ
Ȼһ˹תһܣ˹رһ۾һ¡ûʲôס
ղǵʲôһ˹ػղһ˲Ȼֹһ̣ᵽϢһ֡Ѿһʬ塣
һüǵ̵ѪҺԺһ⡣ĪǴ˵е¾һǽؿľһֻ֡
ҲǡոҲһ˲ǽؿɭϹϢ
¾ɫһɡϾ¾ں˵׹پӢð丹ϴĩʶĿ֮һֲصɴ
ʱصؼХ𶯶ƽһЩܾŵСʯͷľ˳⺣ɭ»ָƽƺʲô鶼ûһ㣬һȴôɣ¾˻αװ˵ֱֻ֡
ǽǰߣעһ㣬ֻ֮ܲϢһ˵֪ˡүտգգӦ
һεͻϮ˽Ա񾭡ᵽߡںɭ˼СʱȴҲûʲôΣա
ںɭͳͳʯ֦дˮеعҲԽԽİ¶Щټ
үôЩ̫Ծץסһ֣鲻˵
ָоϢ𣿡һͫһʵҲԴ
ҡҡͷǡֻ˵عо
һĿİĺˮоЩѤĿ̧ͷϷ͸ϸϸ֦Ҷ϶ԼüƵҫĸоһ㣬طӦЩŹ֡
ڴʱҽԶԶ͸˽Ϊ̫ԶЩʧĸо
ˣϢϷ߲ʵĹâ˵СʵϢֲ̫
ȥһ⺣ɭ˹أĩ֪ΣոҶ˼ȻˣȥŪΣյ࣬ʹð˵㣬ҲܱľԱҪá
һŵһš㳯ϳȥɢ⡣֦֮ʯ鶼Ϊ촷ۡһسͨ˳
ԶԶģ˱㿴һֻڴִӺɭ̽ڶһεĺӰһӰⴥַζ
һһⴥֵĴС¾жĸͷ롣һǬŲޣƾʧԭء
ˣסһҪס˻ߵغУԼСһ𳤴ĺֵܱǴϵļ̴ڣһһøɱ˺һʹеǰǴ֣ƽʱƷ¾ǰȴСӵһ㡣첻һ˿˺
ߡߡչѩоʧĸʶģס˴εðǳʧܣȫʮֻʣˡԼ죬ֻúֵܿӳ졣
ѩĩأҪչԼչˡһɫرĤˮѸ˺ˮ֮У˿ûʶƮҡɫϢ뵽
ȻǼɫһ򿨶ֽź״˲öã˸ػƵ񹭴·ĺɭ֡


598 


⺣صԣοô޲ԽԽӶʼý顣
ҵʱȴһâסԼĺһɡػɣǰһůЦݵӡ
סعȥͬ顣һǴĹӸ˫ִȫڽ档ǽسĴն˹ȥ
ǡһ޴ˮֿס׵νкݺס˵Ĵϡ
һغСⴥȻһѪ챻ɵظħצһغĿһѽס¾ش뱻һؽһ˿ڣɫѪҺ纣Ȫһӿ
ʱܸϵȴǸ¾ʹʱܵһشؾ޴ַƵҡڽϲŮɢ㳯˷ȥ
һڿһʱԤϻ⵽һסһԱŸ˵ؿһǧ׹·غɭ֡ͬʱϵľγһ硣
Ӳʮ̵ϮһſһѾʯֻ֮źը죬ľмʯ۷׷ɡɭһƬǽ塣
ԵؿոһҪϸһ¾ˣȴһһٵܣֻһӰľʯѱغɫҳ촷ۡ
աһһֿڣһᾢ˦˳ȥԼȴһصؽǶȲǺɫƮ
նһһо޽óȦŴĿâž޴ֵ˿նȥ
Ȼնһڸоħںʱ㴴ؽСʱɲͬգħ붷ȫħħںϣħںһѿһټʵʹеǲͬն顣
ֻɫĽȦһһһиĴڣǴټȴҲֵסһ˵عϳأѪѪҺĺˮȾɫ
Ǽ̶Хٴʣµİش뺣ɳϲӰ
һϵе˵ʵҲֻһɲʱ䡣ܱܹһ̹Ÿոոϵ
үû°ɡιʵ
ģүر㻹֪𣿡һЦɫ㷢
һЦݻûüסȻϡϵĴʽɲʱסܣֻһƬѹѹĴִӺɭָðѸײڶϮ˹
鼸˻ΡǿҪˣѹѹش֮УȻһֽףľްԴ֣ղűһϵشֱС׼ףһէЩȫ񾭶¾غְֻһ־ôرǿѹһɽˣûʮܳ
༸Ҳɫף촽Ӵѹʹ֮Ҳ˴
һ촽˷ܼعâһ漴ЩԼˣİѵ߲ˡħﵽ˵߷״̬ٽһһѡΨʵսͻơڲ½Ѽ޵У¶ɽһǵ¾ȴоǰĩеѹͬʱҲڵѪҺ򲻹Ҳűݣֻȴò˼⼸˵ذΣ
һתһ롣¾ҲܣȽ⼸˰ȫ˴˵Ժеǻս
ųʺˮĸûЧһסʺˮĸĶǿң¾Щ˼ɰɣʵڲҲֻƴˡ
Ӧһһȵ顣ŵҲиЩռƿͳӡһ⣬ʮֻʺˮĸɲʱǰһϽþסǵػΧ
ȻǰΧס˵һƬѹѹĴηһ㳯ˣһֻӴľ˵شҲ⡣һｵһﻹûССֻʺˮĸò֪жӴ¾е¡
˽һһ糷ȥòʺˮĸϢŨ
ǴӺɭָðضĴְ˰ڡԥһɲǼûףغˮָƽһҷɡȻþŲʺˮĸûɭ֮ǰǲ׼Щʺˮĸջȥˡ
ˣѣ˯ϾͿԻؼˡҡŻеĺֵţˮһε뺣ˮ֮С
һ鿴һ¸˵塣ӭſڴаһ̵̾ҡҡͷ⸥ȫѪ౻աûϢһǿţѱ۾
ضҲûа취ɫ˫ͻ𣬱˵Żеĺֵܡ
˻۾ɫĤ΢𡭡Ӧҡչˡѩһӡ
쵰쵰쵰ѩĩأŲͳţһ취ȻءʹŤš
ʵҡһֱ֪ѩϲ㣬ɡȴ˽ءʲôҲ֪ҡҲֵܡЩ忪ʼ
૵Ҳã֪ѩлԼϲҲ䡣
𡭡ӦңֵܾʹӦҡաչѩһӡ˵ͻȻץס˿ش֣۾ɲǼ࣬˵Ҳ˳
һӣһ̾ǻعⷵաŲ˶ˡ
ĬĬͷֺγ֪ѵľͷ
áֵܡлһлֻĩ˵꣬˴һĨѵЦ⵹˿ĻС
˹ǰҪοһ£ȴһһסһȥһɡԱϢһ¡
һߵһߣԶԶűŸһ̵ؿϸϸһμŵغ壬ɫƤһ׺ɫסͷԲΡûͷࡣһɫаֺֺ룬֪ʲô壿
壬óӵдľӡںеʵʮǿ󣬿ӡõصմ񹭣ɵðںƺһʣһԽ
һӣһüͷһ˰ӹӣӹôֵǮ
˵ӵдľӡӦֵýύһؼʱ˵ܰϴæ
һۣһ˿Īɫ³һһȥ


599 ϲ콵


һ磬ȴһ硣
ûսƶȣĹȵٵľɫһǿתŸ˾ְǰĩеٶȻָš
ἴڲ½ǾٰϢ˾֪Ϊǲ෹̸Ļ⣬ƺ½嶼Ϊ˶
˭֪ѡڲ½ежôԶ屾һǵǿ֪ǧΪһ˵Ӳ½ϵ˳ȥط½ٴγΪϵһԱôܲ䶯أ
½һͳĻع飬ħĽһϵжΪż壬ΪĻ̫øոճΪżŴﵽ˶壬ĵλһõ̡
Ҫ½ݵ˭ʮа˾Ż˵һԶӵܵľǿߣǿľӣֵεֵܣĺգⱾһλɫʵĴ档
Ǻ°׵ĳĺڷЦһӱԿһëҲװ˲̿סֻȴû˵ǣϾģĿеż޿ɺˡ
ɾһľɭ֣ϱھŮĸŮ˵Цй䡣ݿŵؾӡ
ɭֵĻʵ̫µĿ˵Ȫˮɽٲػݡöϱ
˼ɾǷߵýһ᲻ءЦ
ʺɭʱӭסһҲû⡣ŮЦţ붫һ𣬻һ㣬һķֻ֡϶һ˿УŮһ˿š
Ƕ׼ˣ˼ⰡԺǽóƺΣЩֵ
ŮһԺﲻɸֳһǻЦĸˣ׻ΪãԺ󡭡
뵽ŮһϽǺ˵˼׳ԺѲԼСʲô
õģҳճꡣΪ㡣ΪΣŮЦ
㶼ΪˣȻǺˡЦǣס˾Ů֡
һ֪Լ׳ƺŮΪ㡣֪᲻ἫƣҲᣬһ֪Ů¶櫵һ˼һĸĳƺҲϡ
뾫ŮĵԱһȺӹɫɫŮȴ֣ȹƮ㣬Цɭ֣羰Ҳֻһиˡ
ժʲôӣĺƯĽϼһĹʵ
ǾɭеĴֻ̹бɴɫˣȻҲԳԣǻᡣ¶һЦŵ
ҧһԡһɫȹϹܿӹһ̹ҧһСڣ˽ĩҧһڣǺᰡͦóԵġ
¶櫼һӾ黤ؿųԵýζϹ̫ܿ԰ɫĴ̹Ǻġ
ҲԡĽϹܿԵ㣬Ҳҧһڡ
ˣݶҪˣܿƭˡĽһҧ£Сֱл
ѽҾͦϹܿ˻еش̹
ѵóôһԵ׼ϹֻܿʣĴ̹ҧһСڣĽһһš
ܿҷ⼸ϲĶŵ˷ϻŻţ˰ɡЦȻ˵
ŮϹܿһ˷ܣѾͷƮѩ޺޻㲻һŮ⣬ɶһŮˣǿɸܻһĺӣ㲻ԼģǿԼ˷ܳĵһѪ
ϹܿеĴ̹Ѿ˺üûˣı㲻ѵ˵ˣԼѾһһСˣ
ʱǰĶ;Ůת
ŮϵȻ֮Ϲܿһ̽ĶһС
ϲܿҪˡŮ΢Ц˵
һ䣬ĳĬƺϢ̫ھϲ޷
ҮŮؽϹܿϲĺӲǵĺӡ
Ϲܿһʱ伤ò֪룬֪˶ˣԸԳЩʵĸо
Ϲܿ˷ܵȴǶӣ˼̳еѪһͬĴϲ°
Ϲܿϳϧ˶ΧתǺڿ»ˣˤˡ
Ϣ̴Ӿɭﴫ˳ȥ̶һ첻㴫æųﱸŭϲ¹Ц˷ܵĺӶڷ
ŭϢ̫ϻſʱſʱˣŸʲôϿȥϱӻҪ˰ëҴƨɡ
ŭĨһѺԼǰһʵ۵϶ò뵱ʱƨɿûٰᣬȻЩӰ
һ˾۳һţǿ磬ںɭд塣һʼɭϷн˭֪¾թ߶ɫܼ֯͸Ĵɽһ㹥һֱȥҲὫһһ˺ĵѡ
һȻѡ񺣵ɭڲнȻżһЩصĺֲϮȴоɵöࡣ
һ·ҴӿĿе֪ðŽӵ峤µһð񣬾ȡóѪ޾ڵһѪɷǺѰħսʱںɭеһƣıÿ޷ܾһ彫֮Ƕϲһֵǵĺ͸ΪҪ峤ŵ屦ڰ֮аá
޷ģ޵Ѫ޾ͺֵսʧ˶ʮλֵܲսһͷѪ޾ɱɹȡþ޾ڵѪɷǡƬ¾̵ĺɭ֣ȴֻʣһˡ
һԿͬ飬ջǳȵģΪһð壬Ӧľ򡣾½Ӷðһÿ춼ΪһֻΪ棬뵱񣬶ٶӶ︲
ǿǱһ󶴡˹ͻȻָǰԶ


600 ʥ֮


һȥһԼʮ׵Ĵͻأسǰֵûһߡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôһﷺһĪĸоƺʲô
ûо󶴿Щ죿ƺ׵ĺʵ
е㣬¾ɡ˹˵
Բܣû¾ֻ־Ͱ׿Ҫ˵ⶴһֻС㴥ֻࡣ˵
һ̧֣ںðȻˮĹϵħԪغϡάּȴǴ´ࡣָôһһǴ
ڶǰԼף谭Ϩˡ
һҪҪȥֻɫıǣƺͦȤ
ҵȥûһˣʵôΣյĺɭⶴðЩ̫ǣֻһȴֱⶴЩʲôҪȻֵĸо
ҡͷȻһҲ뿪һˡܺͿҲʾû˵һȣһҪȥûңǹﶼż˵ðӡ
˶ͬ⣬һ𼸸򣬽ҶһǴ˹ȥ
󶴳ֳһʮȽǵб¡һڣɳɣҲʯӲӲģǹ⻬ǰԼףǰ谭һĵط
ףͷˣⶴʲôҲûа˽Ź͵Ĺߴܡȴǰѵͷˡ
һü̫ܰɣָоôܾôһտյĶѨأ
һǿ˹ȣյ˺¶ͻȻʯϿһЩϵħġ
һЩȦЩħģһħ󡣡һħЩоˣһЩħʮ죬óôһۡ
ҪԿ˵
һд˴㣬㽫ħָ⡣৵ػһһħȻɡǶħʯӦþͿԡһû˵꣬ԭȱڵħĻƵɢĹâħ˲ǲҪħʯṩ
Ҫȥ𣿡˹ɵɵʵ
ϻȥҿʳѰ۾Ȳ֪ħ󵽵Ǵ͵ĵģ
̶һ⴫ħС
һֻǰһٴ۱㷢ӲݴҰ⣬ŵʵʵأµĿֻһ̧ͷͷ״εĺˮʱصĸֺι
ʱܺͿӲԶӲݴվ龪ɲ
֣ô֮ǵʥ֮ˣǿȥɣ˿ɲˡѹ˵
ʲôʥ֮أⲻһƬĽ𣿡һüǰһֱΪ֮ǾһˮеĳУȴû뵽Ǳһ޴Ľ罫ˮĵطáȻ˵߲պˮеΪչ࣬ںˮ֮пɲôء
ʮǰħսҲ䣬ΰĺʺİսڴˣط㱻Ϊʥ֮أҲǺĽأκ˶ôȻʰϢһֿҪġ͵
ôʬ壿һɢоһ£ûвʲôԹ˼ʩٻι״غǼӴӵ˳ҡҡλεվһǰ
ܺͿһƵĶһ֮Ҳħʦ࣬඼ͨˮϵ߾ϵħ鷨ʦֻڴ˵еħʹߡ
һǣ˲⼸ߺãҡͷͷģûʮ꣬ӡ
˵עһ仰תƿʧеܵأṳ̂˺ÿ֮⣬κ˶
ûҪƭǡ֪֪ʲôһһ߰֫õĲժһ麣Сӡ
ⲻǺЫоӢЫôӹһһ𾪵
ȷ𣿿ӢЫǶǰŴģô˵
ôһ˵˶Щˡʮǰħսʱĵطȴ˲Ŀݹǣطǲصط
һһ⼸߿ݹǣûκ˺ۣ濴ءšǰ⺣Ыõһֻǯ֫鿴һ£ɫƺѪɶݹûһ˿ڡ
¾ɱôǸ˲ġ˹˵
ɫһ䣬Ժֵܸ︡˲ģҧгݵ飬һҪˮʯ
ڴʱһһ˹ˣϵϢȶá
ϵϢһθ磬ӶһԵĲݴ֮С
ûһ꿦ԶһʮθߴףִìαĶ˹ԶѪȵɱ֮㴫˹
ʮ˵Ķм˹ųεٴ̤Ĳһ˼ʮ״ĵط
ʲôľӣһʵ
֪ǵĿҡͷҲʾĩ־ӡ
ڴѵܾӰɣֻʥ֮Ϊڻˣһ롣
ȥǵһ˵
ԶԶ֧һʵôһ֧ɵĺܡ
˴ԼһСʱ֧ͣһ鲻۵ʯͷǰͷһͳһεƷʯͷ֮ϣֻð׹һ֧龹ƾʧˡ
һ˸ϵʯͷǰĩҵʯͷʲô֮ĶҪᶯʯͷ´ݾߣǿЩòʧˡ
һô죿ϰԵһܾû첻顣
һ۾ͷųǲǴʲô磬ҿ϶ոɢİ׹Ⲣûдħħֻǵħѵ˵һȿħ
ãһεҡҡͷûзʲôֻİ취ˣðɣͲǲ
룬ĿǰҲΨˡ
һڲԶһضαװһ£Ȼһ翪ʼغÿܽһºĿǰΣرòһ̷֪ƺСڵôˡ


601 Ǳ


һαװĸһ߶ţһ߹ʯͷǱߵĶܣ֪ȻҪö࣬Ϊڶຣ֮ʵҲģǺӦ֮һǿӾǺҲҪɵ֡޾뺣ʵȨУҲ˫£Ķ
ӿĿУڶڵ׿һ߾岻ĸ峤ڱصֻмλݣΪһǧѷĻᣬⳡоͿΪȡ󻯵棬ҰĵĳΪ޾ضܾˣʱл̵˵ЦĴӮҡ
ں֮һûʲôȤֻĿһŪǰ屻࣬Ϻ干ͬӦԼƽ١ȻƽٻûӰ£񲻻ƭġ
һһбҪһ£ܾƺûô򵥡
ó䣬ͻȻһԶ˽ӽĿһһ䵥ļһװ֮ǰ֧һģһֻǰӡı־Щһһ֪ǵĻˡ
ţȥһ˵꣬˱ʧһȴѳʿ־һӡıʿ߶ûһһء
һߴؼһﷵظڣһƣӦþǽǲ֪طԿס
ֻǵһһҽʱȴϵҲѲ
ײǳϵİɡ˹һȭͷԴϴһȭȻڻе֣ȻǴӲĳ︴ƹġ
ҲҪүҾͲһû취һҲЩͷˣ৵شһƬӰ˵ֱۣףնһۣȱ첲ȵ˲Ҫһ׵㶫ء
ǿ۵ÿŤֻһĽһֱֻѾϷ˼ҡ
֨һ𣬲ɫѪҺһءʿӻʹѣҵض
һʰϵĶϱۣ濴˿ֽϱӸһԵĿǾȡ
үѪҺϢʮ¾ֻû¾˵ơ˼˵
ϱƺĴֻ֣һַһ塣ϸƶϱۣҲһĲ˼顣
Ǻ岢ûôһ尡˹һźݺʿȴֻ֨֨ʹ
ֻǺ֡˿Ƶغ֡˵˵
һĹ۵ΪȻղþ̽ʿĵȷȷؽṹһּһеѪȡڱƣǿɾһ򵥵顣֪Щֿѱͬ;Щѱһ֣񲻵ˣҽ䷢ɾӡսǿֻ֪ĺ־սǿҵĴڡ
ıı
һ۾˵εƣţҽȥ̽̽ס
һȥɡͬһ
У滹֪ʲô״һ˸Ӧһڰ֣ӹɵؿ˵
˸磬һʯͷǰеƷȥپʯͷϴһǿҵħһŰ׹⽫Լ˽ȥ
һǰ״һֻһտĴ֮Уϵһյ޴ħƣһľıǴվֳìʿ
һܿЩʿվñֱһƺûĵһ㡣͸ղһסʿһ㶼ǱƵĺ֣ûǲᶯġ
һɢ䣬һ̰˵Ƿ䣬˵һĿռ䡣ռ˶ͨܽǵĺˮ
һ쳣峤߸ֶԴΪԴһͷͷͷɫƬһ⣬ಢ޶£ǺȨ峤
峤ʵǸѾͷ׽ˡһλŽɫ׵彫ͨǱ߽˷ܵ˵
Ŷץסˣȥ峤Ҳһ˿˷뼤ܿ㱻ѹ
˳ռ䣬˳ͨҹգ˺ˮ˰νİϿӦôڵصףڶش
ǽ峤ͨһװŰȭͷСƷķ䡣һ꺣ƳɵĴŵüĺݱ֯ĴƷ˿̴һԼʮ߰Ůپ£Ƥϸ壬ͷϳֻĶ̽ǡȣֱʹħˣ治֪ͬǺ壬ôǧٹء
Ů۾ƺ˯һ㡣
ץģϻرǻ쵰һ³ɺ޿ҪŮһˡ峤Цֻ۾ɢĹâ
峤ΪץѾͷʧ˲ٵľӢôҲҪúĥһŽ彫ŷ˯ŮĿ¶˵
ʱԲܶץһôҲ峤Ļ֪ʲô峤µ侯ʲôãΨһ㲻ãǹںɫҪ֪ⱦŮɲʡ͵ĵƣɲСʧ
ǣ峤¾ԲҶ⽫ŵ峤Ŀʱ﷢ë峤ֶ֪ġ
ʱóԺúȵعӡˣŮôˣ峤ͻȻʵ
峤ӲһҧϽʯڰ彫
ߺߣƲԳԷƣ͸ˡ峤Ц
лл峤µֶΣ¸¡彫ЦȲӣʵıŮãǾͳζģһξҲ˰
ʱⷿ棬һӰȴɲǼƮһһϽʯ㣬Ī˵Ǳ̷ƺСף


602 ȱ̷


һֹʱ峤ǽһͬ˳ȴһһҳŷȥ
һһɲǵԥ峤ջ󣬵ǿеб̷ƺСףǶ׵ˣħצ
Ҳֻԥһһθ彫󡣺صĵ¿ռƺûжˣƵĺֵ࣬һ·ЩССķ伸վֺ֣⴦طӦһʮҪܾݵ㡣
һ彫ƹû˵һ˿˿Ӷǽ۵ɡ
һΣǰǳһŵͬڸЩľżһЩڸѲߣȻǱרھġЩڹѹŮһͨҲУȴûôࡣ
һʮЩĸ֪þϢһΧ֮ڣҲᱻط˶ô澿ЩʲôأһԽԽڴСϢһһϵħеϢĴӵ׷彫졣
ͻȻ䣬һһ㵭ɫâһͣﰵǰ¾Ȼ鲼ħƣǿʵʮ־ˡһϢðڽħԪصǱ롣ûʮϢ쵽ӲػȴʮֲǣĿֻ˱ɽһǣڶʵһǿ󡣵ȻһʵԱ⣬ھͽҺ̲ˮĻ֪ʲô
˵彫첢ûнЩħ֮УǹսԱһ֮Уһһ
ⶥһªͷĽң𵶵һʯϣ۶Լ¡ñʡ
ü£彫ЦŴǰŵ㡣λίҵصʹͷɢŵĵ㷢ҵش䣬˫ֵڿУµβ͵ĺŤֻŶ㱡ɴƬļ¶⡣
彫̰ضλĽǵϴ廹ǰǰˣʱȢһС檣û뵽ζãȴǲǻĥˡ´ȥ󣬾ҲûԸ޸عһ־ŵɫҲֶǿŮû⣬ǰ屻֮ǺǵûбһɢɳŽϺʴԸһֱûдɣڻˣһ¾ƷŮӣܲ˷أ
Ǹо彫޼ɵĿ⣬Գ̧ͷ¶˾޵գһġһ¿ˡɲǱ̷ƺСô
ҵ㱦ڳñ˵Ͻʯ䡣ᶨǣ򣬱ˬ˾ͽǴ͸ͣǶǧӢúźǣ¸¡彫췢Ĵ̶Цˬ֮ǰ׳Ͻʯ䣬ǿǴһ峤Լ࿴
̷ƻǿԱ򶨣СȴŵɫףΨнҧ´סĵĿֻţȴϵؽţүүȱ̷ư̺Сװ
ھʱ׻ԼεԼСײ⣬̷ֺγˣԼԺֵ︡ضһŻЦӢӣȻǻСûɫɫضظǰªĵļһһҪ˳۵ö࣬ɲʵ
ϹʲôأôңԶĵطôܻأκСڽˡ̷˦ȥǲʵʵĻ룬һ˿ɬЦݡ
ǶӲǾͱֱˡ彫ЦſʼϵĽɫס
̷ƺС׶С׸ǾֵشؽүСװ
ʲôʲôү䶼ˡһͻأĵͳ
̷ƺСһϤһģѵھг˻տ۾һϤӰһ˿ɵĻЦпŶǽϣ̲ŵգգ۾ȷĲǻþ֮˵ɲǼ䰲ղ彫¶ûڴʱȴǻ¡
彫첢ǵ֮ҪȻҲ峤ˡһسʱʾȴ֮ѱǿĽ硣
ࣿ彫ûðȻͻȻðļһʵ̫ˣر˿ںЦʮֲϸϸ֮ɵʳϾ½ȫ磬ǻ׿½ֻںĴ˵͹ϵĵ伮֮С
㻹̫ϣҲ㲻ĵĻֵ档һбһ彫֣ЦһһŨڰ֮Ѫɫһǰ
ʱƾˣһɫĹɫǴֻ̣׵ۿںâ˸һѸŨѪ֮Ѫɫ˼ϢԵħһ㣬Ѫɫ֮Ҳ֪¾˶顣
С棬ŪˡһٺٷԸ
ǣ硣еĩ꣬ѻΪһƺӰ彫˹ȥ
һûָȥ̷Сϵȥʱֱסβ֧ŵǵأһҪ̱ڵأһʱűۣλΥ㳭뻳УҲ֪ǲǹġ
үС׺㰡һУС״ǰǿŵľһӷйֹ
һֱǿޱȵı̷һ˲ҲǼһС׵³ضޱȡ
һػʩŮϣõ˿ƣ̷ɫ糺ƿһĻСȴİõһУ֪һ̣үĻ
үôأС̧ͷȴպüһŵһ飬ʵ
֪ү͹ˣһؾˣ֪жൣôһһСףĿͣ˱̷ϡ
СͷһӣȻ֪һ
̷ûбһĿ⣬̾һĵЩչҪģΨһѪ¡
һǶʱԲ˯õӣ˵䣬ͻȻһһ彫һˤڵϣ˼ζûվ


603 Ե


һϾڸղ彫ŵʯϣС̷һԻվŻһˣ彫ֻʣ°ڰգоֽӡ
ӦǴˣС㣬·ѡһǺúңܾĥһЦڵͫȴűɱ⡣
彫Ƿ׵۾ȴǿЦһ࣬Ϊ󽫣ҪұǾܵ飬㻹ɱҰɡ
һ΢΢Щû뵽еֻ⴦ĵ»żܣƾֱܿ϶ǲħƵ֮أûһ·е鷳
һĺ죬·һ׵תڶ̺Ĳɣһ˿ƻĴԣ͵ɺ绽꣬ȥֵ̫ˡ
彫ͻȻã۾Ҳʧȥ˽࣬һƻĻ鿪ʼǰӵҴصķ⣬ֺõǫʧȥһСһ彫ƾʲô˻úúõȴȥأЩò檣Сĺ֮檽ߣĺù¿Ʈ㣬˵һͱĳɱˡҪ
һ檺彫ͻȻһȫһյխ֮檱˹Ϸֱ鴤ıǻĩĶӣڱĺŮȺֻôһӰûıӿ϶ᱻĳıǺں轫Ͷ֮ǡ
һı̷ƺС״˿Ҳ룬̷ƻһ㣬ǿؾüܱѣСȴǳ׵ľԭء̷֪һ϶嶯˾룬⻹ǵģֻͳƻǾ̲ס䣬⾫ĩǿˡ
ʱ彫˼Ǳõͣ૵ҲҲ
һЦЦʼ彫дϴԡƾǿľֱ彫ʶǿ¾ԴﵽƵĿģַֻżȱݣǶԷ־ᶨһ̶Ⱥ˴ԣӶ֮оֹƽʱྶͥױʱֻҪһ̽ͻᱩ¶ոþеĹƻ߻ԷߣʱԷĴԱһſհ׵ֽ뻭ʲôͻʲô㱻˲̽Ҳ鲻ʲô⡣
һ˸ָŵ彫ãʼɽࡣر̷СҲͬʱָŮµĶһۡСֻǵզ̷࣬һıӰȴһ˿ôǿǹķİع鵽ϣʹˡԼС׶ںһԱȻϾǵ磬ǵĸں塣
彫ӵضһˣزǲ
ǰɡ˵˵»ġһٺЦʡ湴˹ָСѾɵԴԼظСֿʼ
ˣӵĵط
Ȼˣһü¶˼̬ʿɲֹһ㡣
ڽػشУһѴ֪
ԭڶǰ峤޾ȻЭ飬ײϿʼܿպʵȨҲʱ峤ħټĸʥ֮Ϊڻܽһں֮ǵĵصһȴ쵽֮⣬˽һŽɡ峤ħҲ֪ʱŪԴԴϵıЩǻ۵µӣһصķпƣֺ־Ӻηսʮǿ󣬲ֻ֪Դˣʾ֪峤Ĵõķ
һʼΪ뷽跨ץסʵŮĻشȴһı̷С״һ
ԭ峤ħ費ҪץʵŮȻɳ徫Ӣ˺֮ǵĺ򵽴ѰǰŮʻĺټ˵ҪŮʲôʲôȴǲֻ֪֪峤ħԴʮֿأ̶ıȨ
̷ƺС׵ɫף֮뻢ڡ
裬ץ̷СֻΪϽʯһĿһʵ
ǵģˡش
һͷ˿̷ƺСףһ˿岢̷֪ƺСȥйأҪȻ治֪ᷢʲô顣
һ°͵ĺ˼֮У鿴ʮֲͷ峤ҪúŮʲôأŮѵŲΪ֪ܲɣ屻²򵥡
̷ƣôᱻץ˵أһһʱҲ벻Ȼ
ϽʯС׸ϻμӺᣬֻΪ޾ҵ˺ڣǱһ˽Ů峤˽ãϽʯȥȴ֪ô¶˷˰һ̷ǡ̷˵
Ͻʯ嶼޼̺֮˭ߡ̷ƱôԻȡ֧֣Ϊ֪ںʮأǰ彫׸ʣôںǰܳ衣ֻ峤ħõϢ̵ĽˣܵĹҲ׽Ͻʯ䡣
Ͻʯģһʵ
Ҳһεĵطǿ϶ҲҵҺСͱɱˡ̷ƽµͷڶ󣬴һС⣬üĿķ鵹һ
ûл忴һʵ
̷һҡͷں֮طҲڣطΣգ屻𣬲֪ڲû˭룿Ҳðա
һͷ̷˼ܣСģȴڰˣ˭©˷ˣ
ˣ峤˵˵Ͻʯļֵ̺Ӵ̷ͻȻ뵽Щʲôһ˵
ʲôһʵĹؼ
֪峤Ҫ˵ʱӾ͹˽̷üûа취Ǵǽ֮ء
룬ˣҪȥѣֻҵԷºױ
ֻҪܽȥУʣµ㲻òġһ΢΢뿴кܡ


604 ڵ


ħķڽ踺׾ٵĽһͨ롣
ھݽרӹʿģ滹һ֪ͨͨ峤֮κ˶Ȩ룬Ȩ˽һС
һǵ̷ƺС׵İȫý谲һذȫĵطʱԼҲûк֮ˡ
ħưΧĵط濴һʯڣȻǾⷽģħƵϢâΪΪ벻˻ӵǱڵ±ԸӦ
ͳƷʯڣɫĹâһʯ϶ʱһʯš
ƸңͲýȥˣøʲôʲôȥһùƴ˽ȥʯϵʯźܿʧ
һǰһտĲεͨʮףܽǻƺɫұڣĲǧµĳ
һЩ磬Ŀ⻷һȦЩصߵͨԵִűĿ̺ۣµûͨˣݺбĿ̺еɣеħɡǵ㽦ұϵѪµڽУһӴľͲҲ˵ǰڴ˼Ҵ򶷹
һơĿһ㳯ұڻ˹ȥ
৵һ߲ûж㽫ұڻȴֻһ֮ۡұغۼȴҪǳϼ֣Ҳ˵ڼǰۼ˱ĹҪ߳֡
һЩɻұҲ֪ʲôɣȻ˼ӲͬʱҲɵ룬ǰĺôǿ𣿿ұϾǳǳĿ̺ۣ֪ڴභʵжǿ󡣿˵ұһӡڲ½һ
һûȥϢǰɴܶ𡣾ݽħѲ߿صĶʵǿúִŵ֮ͨûءΪͨұжֿ΢˻鴤ҵĺ⵹һЩ벻ͨġ
μһһ̰ʧ֮ͨڡ
תһ䣬ԶͨĳڣڴһȫװפءÿʮӻһѲߵͨڴ֪طжôɭϡ
һһֻڻһͨұڵϷӰ֮С·̧ͷϿҲһ֣ᷢΪһһͻұڡ
һûðȻȥСþ̽ܣ˿Ǳʵģݾߵɲɡ
һжָƣһǬŲ߷壬ȻʧԭأѲ룬̶ֻ̲һٴʧһ˵Ľ
ʱԶһͨһһ̽ͷһŰԶ׼Щȥװá
һһת뵽ɻصİ취
һתͨһ䱸ɭϵڣͷӳʾƣħűУ˿ûвеһﾹһóֵ
һ֪ػ䣬֮Ϣһ֮СĿɿڴضųǰ龰þûлع
֮һΪʲôһʧ̬ԭǰʲôͨǾ޴ĵ¿ռ䣬ǧףĻݳ״Ѷ£ÿһ㶼ĺæµţЩ嶼Уݹᾡ
⣬ÿһ׶¥վ׺ݵš
·һɢŹϢħϵĹâ˸ͬһκħ
⡭աһ˺һŻع񣬿һؽһһ룬ʬµħ
һһ˿Ѫͷ﷭±ѹʼӹʱԺص˼ֱһħıЩһʼֻȭͷСһװźˮȻһ㡣оٵһĿЩӱһصħ󣬺һСĲһȴǿˡ
һѰ˼ȥǸ趼ȨħͨʱͻȻ亹ëһ£һɱӵĸо
һ㣬һŸսʱͨ󿪣ȻһšɲǼͣһȻ˳ȥ
ǬŲƼһѻص˿ص֮ͨڡþң侹ð㺹աԿ϶ղſǹɾ֮ϡ
һƽһ飬üȾһ˿أһǷ֮أϺ򵥰
һͳƳħƵĿռ䣬һʯҵ˽衣ű̷С뿪ž֮صĵ»أȴͻȻ˱°˵صĺǧǿڵĺ幫ݱǿǸ߹öࡣ
ϻͳʲôذɣһ룬Ϊ»漰ЩľģŪ峤ú幫ʲô
ڽĴ£һѴ֮ؽ幫ʯҡ
͹âʯǰżƷɢӨӨâԽ˫Ŀĺ幫֮ϣ¶ļһϸһӨ
һϸϸţа̾ŮΧƵĺո֮ò⺣幫ȻСؾһ¡˵Ǿµ٣ɢȻζˡˣҪỵ́ˣǲҾ徵ıˡ
˾ɡһеز⺣幫΢Ĳ仯Ц
幫ȻĺɫͫɲǵȻ⻪Ӵ˫Ƶ£ˮ˿ţĿⶨһʱͻȻþ
㲻Ǻ壬㵽˭幫ڵȴλ߲ɵơ
ô²ɡһǰź幫£ŪŮһȺ֮һÿʱٻٳصҲ˱
幫üһ壬ԱŲŲϵζûŹƺᣬ΢ȣЩ벻ͨ
ࣿ幫Щȷ
Ҿ֪һµõһٺЦţ֪ܵŲƨɰȥֱ۴幫ļļ
ʲôʱ年ᵽһ𣿡幫ɴվеľȵ
һǼþգ꺣ƳɵĴϣúݱ֯ıȻź幫㣬ȻЯԶ


605 ط


幫һ˯Ĵϣ˫ȲŵظҡţһƬƽȴǾκˣһĿġںʷУֻǴ˵еʱͻȻڴˣҲɵ˼룬Ϊ½ص๴ᵽһ
㵽ô幫ʵһûзΪĬˡ
֪֪ǳˣˣһ֪ķءһǴĪǳЦȴǴʡ
幫ɵؿһһۣղŵĲ²ⲻЩҡĺ年ᣬ᲻֪֡ǵĻΪʲôı飬˵ûϵĲ̫š
ɯأ幫תͷһش
ҽһǺǣҲ׻ˣҺûκιϵֻǺιһ£㵹һżȻЩ㣬ҳǰԭ򡣡һӴЦ
ɯһ˿׵˵һķ޶ԣ˵峤֮ԷѾ˼ס㣬ǰ֮ǵһҺܺ棬嵽Ҫʲôⶫкô
ɯӿʼľ赽ȻȻһʮ־
һ֮ϸɯı仯Ǿ㵵ر鲢٣ü㲻֪
ɯҡͷһֱΪץΪ˶ԸҸʣһ˵ԭץΪʲô
һ˼ţָڴö
һ⣬ҿɷһ⣿ɯһĿݵӣûסڵ
ţһ̧ͷüɫıʯһʱɯȻͻһ¡
֪ôҵ֮ǵģʲôĿģɯʵ
˴·ҵ֮ǡĿġ˵Ҳûãúͺ˵尡һЦһ۾ɯβԼʡ
ɯһɵ˫㣬ϵ߶ش죬ȴĹ˼Ųӡ
֪ˣǲǰ彫˵صģɯտһҫסӶһʵԶ뺣壬ʮûκϢ˴·Ƕ걻֮ǵݡ
һЦЦͷ²䲻еȴȥԶӣҲ뵽ҪѰҺ֮ǵģȻµˣҲϡ㸸ʣ֪ɯûа취Ҽأ
ɯЦȻԣҪ֤Ĺϵ
⹫ͦģһ룬ӿռָó̷ƸؽɫƬ֪˿ɲ֤أ
ʥۣഫɯĩۼȴȻһۿǼ١Ϊ幫һ׼ķ
ɯƲһڴϣСԴ˹
һһ˱ǣԼ޷ŴˣҪ⺣幫զһμͶͱأɯһƬѩļоֱôһĴУȴŵɯϸ
ȻɯΧůůϢڶ˼еȴʱ
ûɯһμʵķӣǺһʱ֪¹شΪĸһֱǲѰ䣬ããһֱûһϢҲΪѡ
ɯһһɫıʯ֮У鱦ʯҸȻ㡣
һӹʯٺЦʣΪʲôҴȥ
ɯһƲ죬ҸҪʷϻͲҳȥһʧ񲻴ݾߡ
һļһɯһۣ⺣幫Ŀ࿴˶ǻ۵治С
ģΣգһûҵᣬһ첻˺㡣һ˵
ɯͷͻȻһЦԺҳȥˣܴܲȥ翴һ
һգգۣȻһصطһϲġ
˿̣ʥ֮еԼܲصط˽Щ겻һһȥôöûһ㶯üοһӶӵʿľġ
һȥôãʲô˰ɣ͵˹˵
ģүԲµġҧ´˹һ۵
Ӧû£һֵĻƾʵôҲҪŪ󶯾ôƽġ˵
ʱԶǿʯâһʿǱֱس˲ĵط˹
нһ񾭽׼ս
ֻʿߵǴ濴һ˿ۼĸǰΪһгìݴԴ˴ǽ羹ȻࣵһˡͬʱҪȴռһȫǶá
ٺ٣ôӭҵôϤĵͳЦ
үоѹһ̾ϲؽ˳
һ²һ磬ͷϵͷժ
էһһϤЦ˽ԾϲѣһǱĹһ㣬һʱȲ١
ףһ˭һ΢΢ʿʵ
ǰ͸СһݸЦ
ҵЩĪͻȻ使һ𣬸оϤϢˮѸۿ
λʿõһʾ⣬һͬˮɵı̷ƺСס
̷ựСס

λΪͣʵΪ׵㱧һʹޡ
һοվһԣЩᣬĸ壬޿ȡĴڣǻ֮ǻҪһǶŷḻĸ顣
ʱ˹ؽܿ뵽ڰĲһ뵽Լˣ˶档ҲȦ죬ии֡
ΣŮʼƽ̷ƲͣѯӵȴǾڲСʱܵĿ
ˣҶû¾ͺã֮Ҫ߳ʥ֮ءһ˵
ӲݴĻĽ֮Уһ˺ܿʧھͷ


606 


ʥ֮شں֮ǵشԵֱΧ֮ڡȻ֮ǶǺʵģʵǿĺǿǿּܿպʣúʵǰֱӹϽķΧҲֻкֻ֮ռ֮֮һķΧˡ
ʸ󲻵ʥ֮澹Ȼһʮصľµ»أӴĺ־ţһϾ޾Ȼ巢ѣֱӹ򺣻ʹʱΣӡ
һ˴ʱȫһ㺣֮£ֻ¶ֻ۾װһ˵֮ȴͻȻɫҴҵĺ֮װڡݿ˵己࣬ϵҲ临ӣں֮ĳضΧӴԽǿжԽࡣΪ˷ֹ֮ĳͻǰһκʱ涨ֻҪźݣκ˲ǿ佫¡ǣװһӱΪÿ嶼ٻеж壬ǵĻֲֻԼΧ⺣õݵĶں֮ÿ򶼿Լຣ崩֮ǵĽʮر𣬴úҺͺɣ״ʮֲ򣬻򷽻Բ⣬ֻ벻ģûпġ
֮ǧ֮ǣǵĹģдСһ·ĳн˿ĺ󲿷ֶæĸ·һʲ֪ԭΪУ󲿷ֺ嶼μӴȥˡ
һεĺ˵һѵõʢᣬźʾٰظֻŰһӴĽ״ᣬһƽ˵״Ǻ⣬ڽ״ϿԽԼֲҪĶԼĶںƶʲôϲ㺣顣
ȥ֮غʳǵ;УܶԺ˽һ˵
״ʵΪüΣҪƷļֵԽߣܽĲҲԽߣͬزλΪͬȦӺͳϡԽߵĽ׳ȨҲԽӴĺ˵ҲԽߣǵ˵òʺˮĸΪƾ֤ԭƾʺˮĸϡжȣһȦǺʵġ
һһ˸ϵʳʱȻѾ׼ǱǰĳˡһûмһӵĿȥԾغ壬ǽⶼһĸ壬̯λһһſͷ׳֮
ĽǺ͵ȵĽ׳һｻ׵ĶǺƽеĺҪĶصƷҪʳнмȻƷؼֵɷͬε볡Խ״䣬Ϊӣһǰ͵һȦӡ
ǾòʺˮĸȥһʣԺȫϹǹԹǵȽϺá
ȲںῪĻս󲿷ֵĺ嶼ѡʱȥһһεؽ׻ᶼȽžУʱ䵫ϲ㺣嶼æ飬ǻȥҸŵĵطɡЦ˵
һüеĹϵһ㸴ӣһȨر֯漰Ĺϵ
һ˴ӵĽֵת˼֮ͻȻ徲࣬ǰһֵʮֿտżмӰǻ䣬ֵȻι״ķݣвͬܿš
óƽֵ˲ףһɫͰɫʯɵԲδլǰǰģ
ȡ£̾ϲӭһ˷ܵӣˣ峤ͷ˶Ҫˡ
Ҹ׺׿ڣʵԼðȫûЩȻ
峤ͷ˸ոȥѡһ
ûٷϻһ˽լ
һشܣϲ㺣סһ㶼װԻݻǺһɶ칤ļգɫɺƷ飬ݵȱװΣոƷλЧҲһΨһͬıͬĽ̻ԻͰɡһ㣬̫࣬һ֣ס
ҵĴլռĴһ崱Բլӣլլм䲻һû԰̨ͤø״ĳʮףĺˮۣʯ˵Ȼ֮ӴĽĺˮָ˿ÿں֮ǵļﶼһʮĳˣ
һסıһլӣԸ˶ýⴱլӣҲùš
֮Ȼӵһ۵ĺӰڽֵ
תֵȻ㵽ɭϵĺʹ
һں֮У͸ȺԶԶעź֮Ψһ罨Ĺڴںڼ䣬ʹеķ߼֮˲ܿס
ںʹһƬտ֮أһĻ棬ֱ޾гԲ׶ΰԴֲ۾ӵȻ
һüʱ峤ںʹʴ˿̿Űɡ
ˮҲýһ˵ܻˮ㡣һһһЦΪͺ֮¶ȴĵ»طһ˼ħǹʶɨĵ׷㤣˵һĴ
һ˺ʹһۡȺʧ
ʱʹһԷĺȴһһͻأس䡣
һⷿ䣬ﵹЩ죬Ǻ幫ɯķ䣬ȴϲ㺣巿ôݻǽþӨıɵظͼȴ͸ˮŨħԪرȻˮϵħɣΪʲôħôöɢ϶ǶħԹħ濪һĴӡǳɫɺγɴѣǺݱ֯ɵ˿ʮ£⺣幫ƷλȻһ㺣岻һΡ
һһƨˮϵ˵ߣڲ֮һ
ʱԶһһʧ˿֮С
ڷŮɫβȻ壬Ĺϵ⵹һеʮС
Ůʰһ·䣬ʵҲûʲôʰأ˺ܿ˱ͣ
ûϢҲ֪ȥˣӹǧҪ¡һŮüͷĵ̾
һŮҲһǡ̾ҡҡͷСȴʲôû˵
С̡˵ʲô˵ɣ⸱鰡Ůֵʵ
С̳һµС࣬ҽߵĺἰ˵ʮа˾彫°ȥˡ
Сɫһףŵ϶ģ°ȥ˹»ĵǡ
С̿˿С࣬ɲýһ˼֪񺣻ʵʵˣ֪°˹ֻҪ岻ϣҲκβǣƫСڻΪʾǺ֮ϵͳߡ
࣬ƽģǳȥɡС˵Ҳ֪ǰοС໹ڰοԼ
ûбڣɯѾͷѰڴʱһͳȻڿ𣬽ССһʶһرһ
˭˭ٲҽˡСսսܣȴֹӰûһǲ볶ɤӺУһ㺣ľѾ˿Ҳûá
һӰڰ֮УתʵһЦС㡣
Ҳ֪ΪʲôһػЦС㱾ֵͻȻ˲٣ΪǸоֵһϤϢ
˭Сܺÿˣƺȱ»ÿء
ǹĺѡһٺЦţǸ幫ĹϵȻͬһˡ
𣿡С¶ظر飬ͦĵӡ
СһѽСȻٺ£ɾô뺣ʹӡ
ûϵʶɣһͳɯĽɫʯЦʡ
ǹĶôǹôˣС̾еֵ¾Ȼһơǿҵؾ񲨶֡
һĿһС̻ҲһЩ񹥻̶ֳȵľ񹥻ϡ
ιιҪšǵһ룬ǼȻʶⶫǾӦ֪ǹԸ⣬ⶫҲõõһתеıʯµ
ССһۣʵȷʵˣһЩȻҾš
ˡҿû̫ʱĥߴ˵˵Ҫһָ·ܱԼҪɡ
ȸǹģôˣС̳һʵ
㲻֪ôǹ°ߡΣյúܣҾΪȥҺʵģǲҺҾҪ˷ʱ䣬ʱʲôǿɾ͡һװһȡ
һŹΣգСҲ񣬱Ź°ߣһôһ˵ʶر
СΪһָ˺ڲ˵;֮صط˵ʱ塣޾Ȼ峤顣
ʱʹ֮УһӢɫۼɫŲӣͷ˫ǣŵ۾ﾡ֮ɫ
ϻ쵰ֱ̫ҧгݣһһ꺣֮ʯɵӸĳ촷ۡ
йĺƽһЩּܿաԼʹŮ֮֡峤ƣȴòαߵӦ֪ʱԼܻšҪȻ֮Ǿȫˡ
һ૵ħϼһǧټץɯΪʲôԸңΪᶼ᣿
ѵͻȻһɫɻҰףòԵӦòܣħȨѬҲҺˡ
һܿڵУŵúɢγɸ硣
ʲôˣȻǼɺԲƵĲ뷢ŵغʡ
ѷǵУ𾪡һֳΣҲСС̰װŪΣԺҪء
֮࣡ǣʼһģ𾪣ʱڲһ㣬Զ½ôͻȻڴˣ
һע⵽˺ʿ϶˵˽Ҫöࡣ
£֪ʶôһǽɫʯͳõĹâɷʱùʯȻʧɫ


607 


һ뺣Զֱͦž޴ѹ뺣ʶӡ
СӣѾͷ۹ⲻʲˡͻȻⶳͰЦ崺硣
һü⻰ôЩζأ֪ĻΪ幫۹ⲻء
ȴûһ룬ЦݵȻǰضԺһ˽⣬Ҳ֪ΪʲôĿ壬ֻԸԸվһߣ
һζЦݣָأȴһֱûлػںʧ²ҪǣȻֺ񣬺Ҫվڶ棬ҲҪͺϣֻǺ£ȴҲûôס
Ҳûдߴ٣һǡ
վڱһߵȻԣ㿴ɱ˳۶ˣһƯŮҪġǣ¶Ҫ棬رȨ֮ôһЦôһûᣬӺ϶ͳ㶫ʵڶԲסԼ
ƺԤϣЦҪʲô
ֻҪʴӦɡһٺЦƵĹâ
˵ʵ
һ֪ǰ屻֮ǵࡣһźʵ˫ʵ
ɫһ䣬˫ɲʱȻⴥĳصúĽ䡣
ʲôϵʵʵ
ȻǺܵĹϵڵ㹫Ůˡһбۺʲ֣һԲͣʾҪˡ
ʻɵؿһһȴиʣ֤ݡ
һҲشӿռָóƬɫƬ
ʥۣ࣬һĿһ˿صĸ顣
ͻȻ䣬뵽ЩʲôʵǸĺǷҲ˺֮ǣ
һͷЩȺΪ˽ţĸ񲢲򵥡ǰķ¼кĻأ
£ܻ峤˵ҪǱŮʲô֪Ƿ֪һ𵱳͵Ļɻʵ
ȴǻһһֱĴңΪ֮ץŮΪҪв˿ȴǾ޿ˡ
֪ǰΪν֮𣿡̾һ·һӲࡣ
һûг֪Ҫ˵ˡ
ʮжһܴഫһֱĵ
ʮǰǻصħ֮սǧս䣬½ǻǧơǳս֮ȫ֪ǳսжôпѪȡ
գߴħһսߴϽħӡںףԭռһ½ʮ֮˾ų뺣󣬺ɽ𡣶ߴǳ֮սҲûֵ˿ôȫħħѪɵħ䡣
ߴħ䣬Ǻ·ӡħ֮ӡ䷢ʱᱻǽ֮ںһѪ֮Уܱ˺ʴഫҲ֪ǰͻȻ˺֮ǲͬѰĹоָоѪȣǺʷħϢ
ݴ˵֮鱻ħȡƷûߴѹƣǱĩպƽ١
Ϊ˱գѰһɳʱǵŮƢ֮ǡ
ںֻҪ֮鲻ȡħҲûа취Ʒ
ǾһʹħʶӦþһ֣ҿ峤ħ裬һܿȨһѰǧټưŮڿڽ߾ȫѰҵĺɡ
꺣ʵĽһľħսеħԭͷӡںףߴȴħ䣬ѹ֡
ԣǧܹҵعҪȻħƷ⣬ĩս³һһ
·ģߣ˭Ҳ⡣һ
һԸ֪ʣʲôʵ
ڶһӦԸ壬ϸԷĩ֪ĺƽ١һ˵ͣһ£ֵڿǺƽƺħķӡϣǲǻһվͬһϡ
Ȼû⡣ʮָɴ˵ҲϵûɲӦ
ڵʱû뵽Ժ˵ֻҪסǷһɡһٺЦ
Цҡҡͷûһ˿ûãһ˿ݺʹȰһֱҪи̳к֮λɯѾͷǴȴȱƣסĸ塣ǰеʶǣƻ磬ĻթȢŮ̳²ҲʧΪһ£롣
СӣվеðնᱦһҪμӡͻȻ˵
ᱦ᣿ʲôɶ᣿һһᱦȤʵ
ѰȻյðնᱦصǺ۶۶ʮǰħսʱγɣħսʱر˵
ħսʱµıһɵؿ˺һۣȻħսʱµı϶һı峤ȸֻ᲻Ķ
ǲĶ۶ǿĽƣҪҺͺǿİλ峤ֲܴͨı˭Ҫڼǰ̶ɺλ峤򿪽ƣоһʵµĺȥ˭˭ġʽ͵
һͷһתٺЦǿɴú⣬˽϶˵һĺõ֮Ҳ׷ɱɡ
ȴ¶͵Ŀ˵ûɷּ临ӣ̻ں֮Ǹ̸ӣ֮ǻ۳̶ȲһͳһĹ򣬿ƺ⣬ʵҲǿʳˣب׼Ҳȥı䣬Ҳı䲻ˡһ˵ͷΪˣȻſ̹ĵᡣ
ҪĲͨǵ۶ı̺ǡ˵
̺ǣһü
̺һλˮϵһʱµǣҪⶫдô˵


608 ڵı


ʱʳլеұһլ
ף嶨žıǲôŷǰʱʹܵ𺦡سŸշѻĸףҲ峤
㻹ᣬڸλ϶ڴ㲻ܺһΪΪѣȨ̲һ룬ǰ֮峤ἤĶӣΪ룬Բա廹ǺʣûоԵȡʤӵеľ㹻ԱˮԶȽϺá
ף̫ᣬˣ壬޾廹Ȼ嶼ײе壬뺣ȨӰ죬ȨɹѵΪǻĴ𣿡鼤һƤڲ
㡭峤ݵŶӣ̾һûҲ峤
ףԲһʱʥ֮ؽܵ»أʥ֮ﾹȻ˾ӢЫĹǺ˵ǱɾѪ϶Ѳ˹ϵס
˿Ϊˣȥɡ峤ϿĻͺȵ
ҧҧȻת
дѶ˵ѩѾʳǣƽЩʱᵽΪӴһ°ɡҪ߳ʱ峤ͻȻ
һòŷһ㱼˳ȥһͷ˴լ빩ĳ
Ӧңչѩһӡֵܸ˼ѵȻصڶߣֻкĿȥˣȴţûбʹ顣
峤ȴǿ龫ӢЫӣüͷԼ˼С
һصլ̷С׻ڹˮĳζţ̷Ƴ죬С崿ޣǴɫԺ⸽ţñ˿ȥӻõ
һʣ屻࣬Ǵãһһڵˮ棬㼸С
үȥˣҲ㡣С׽ؿ
үȥˣסһʱûС׳˲һɫеضСͦıظֻһɴ״ˮʮַһ޲ڡ
С׳ʱΪԼˣһɫֱ㶵ضظŷӦɹһĨϼүᡭ
һٺֱЦɫ۲ݵسͱ̷Ƶؿڣֱ̹ðŮ֮УǱ̷ƵظΪ׳ۣ˿ס˴⡣һѩ׹ָǶǣԲ߱С׸߳ζȴһͻȻ˾Ů˼
ɫǿգռɫһ˦˦ԴҪ˦ȥԺͷԽλ츾ȴԽ
Сɫǣ㿴ʲô̷Ƽһظ岻ЩĩδȣĿʵʡһ˫ֲڵĴְḧӣҪӣȴĲѣ뷨һŭ
˲ǱǴ˭ñ̷ưƯءһعٺЦĿǺݺڱ̷ظ϶۲ƿ
̷ؿһ㡣⳯ȫɢСȻһȡ
ôõദ̷ƶһ˽⡣ʼĵӵǢһôһ˿صĸоⱾָоڿ֮УΪŮһ㿴ҪԼһ̬ȡ
ֻǺС׻ص֣֮һ㱻裬ȴΣʱֵܳһȴسǰǣе˿оһʰˡһŮڴʱһȣбӴǸ˵ӰӣСˣֺγˡ
ǼΪŮӣ⼸ͷ˱̷ư̿ԼүЩΣܿ϶̷ư̶Ǻһˣб㰵⡣
һЦһѣ㽫˷ʵ˵һ飬˵ǰ屻ࡣ
¾˸ӣں֮һҪעϢʱ仹ǲҪԷһ̷һ˵
岻ڸ򵽴ǿ϶벻ں֮ǡСȴֹ۵˵
˵ˣɴ⣬̷ư̵ġһ»ǹĸоͷ˵ǸоǺ˵ħʶǾԲС
һڣȻֻеͷķݡ
ʱͷһ˵ؿñӵı棬˵ǴϵŮѩѾˡ
ʰ飬ǰͤͤˣǣŮͬʱҲǸ˵ĩޡӦҪչһӣʱԣебӿںһ
ãѩʵ
ѩøʬķڣʬ岢ĩãֻǱ¾˾Ѫʬ忴ŵһ㡣
ѩڸߣֱϣ˳ɫĤ¡
ҪοѩʹȴȻǰŮ˵İڿ˵ֻΪԼ븥һŮʹ࣬ǽ˰˹ӣǰ֣ͻȻһ˿⡣
Բ𣬸ˣһֱҰ˭ȴǻر⣬Ҹ㣬Ұ㣬㣬𣿡ѩɳš
ȴɵһ㣬˼һתƺЩʲôҪϸϸ룬ȴֹرһƬհס
ãѩֹס͵ĿӶʹࡣ
Խһ𣿡ع񣬷Լ侲óϡ
ѩҡҡͷſ̯ƣ֧ɫؼʸ
ԭ͵ˡ侲ʼѩûиκϣĵز²ʵԭѩӽĿĵģһֱڰʹǻȴһֱװ֪׶ʹ࣬ʱҪԼչȴ벻˱ŮŪڹ֮С
鴤գ۾ɲɫһֻҰޡ
ǵģҸѩԿıŭӶ˵
Сүүħ衭ѩͳȥһ˸˵ʬϡ
оѩϢһڵϣץסԼĺʹҪУƭѣָо˼ץ


609 ۶


֮ЧΨһһطûбӿĺռݵĵطʯɶѣӲݴ׵һ˿ûС˽أǰһ󳡣ʯʯڹ֮ˣֻȻ塣
һĨӰңңԶֻһգ۵ĹͻȻϿգԶĨӰɢһӾϼȵ𺶡
Ӱӿл䣬ϵĺ°׵ĳݵӣһֻ˭أ
һֱԶһѱӲݸǵʯ󣬽ŲһʬһӲݴеĿʱĿʱȴͿһ㣬ſն۾գҲգɫһɵɫˡ
һһ°ڣʯ棬ϿստĺˮƺϷŵĸȤ
ãûжһҲ·һһ㡣
ô˵˷նͫһ˿࣬©еɳơ
ף㻹ŰΪˡһһȵӡӲݴѵʹţոĸоȴࡣʵһʲôҲûþʵһʼͲԼشڣȻá
ΪһȰ֮࣬һȴһһƺĴڣҲע־˳һ̲סˣʺܶࡣ
һǲǾҺܿЦԼŮˣתһжʹϵıȥҵʧȥӦеǴϼôðôȫû̵Ƥ΢΢ߺ޵˵
Ȼ֪ıԹ԰ʲôشϿڲ߻һСɣͲΣ𣿡һ˵
һͷһԹľȴûȥζｫдʷ
лл㣬һмضһ˵һسźʳڳȥ
һſıӰЦĸΪ峤ôǵ֮أѰ֮ǰһ峤һ棬һ䣬һ峤ԺĿǰ״ʮԴϱСҲȫ֪һʱЩ֣Ϊʲô峤һμ˵Щص顣ĦһԼµЩʲô
ʳٴη
ðնᱦͷĿк˵кעģ۶ıҪǿʮǰħսʱͬʱŵǷͬһΣաҪȻҲ۶ˡ
һ˵۶Ǹں׵Ŀռ䣬˶ӣħʬɵԹ齩ʬŸֱħޣʮħսдħӽµı֣˶ӵĻ¾ʮݱ䣬ǵȲ֪ǿ˶ٱ
ˣðնᱦʵһΣաμӵغʮ֮˾ȥ޻ءһñȺɡλһǧ죬رⲻƽһȺӵôһӲʵʵһΡԾðնᱦôΣգеʵ嶼ֲμӡ
ںʹǿĹ㳡ϣϵضðնᱦ˼̵˵λΣԣԿһ˵Ӣĺʴ£Բųڡ
֮Ϊ֮壬޾Ȼ峤Ⱥ󷢱һ˵ɺʹĹͨ͢μðնᱦ塣
ðմ󱦴һǧֲμӣνƣЩ൱һְɻ򰵵ˣл»ֻɱĸԶñپ֡
һ˵֮󣬺ʼ峤һǧμͨſһε۶ǰ۶ڡ
һźڸ֮Уһصα־Ǻеı־۲һ£һǧμðնᱦĸнһ϶صı־˵Щ˶Ǻʵˡ
̺ǣ׻ʲôأһ봫У׹һٴγѱտĺˮΧ
ѹһĵطں֮£ӦǺһƬĵطȴϷһ˸Ĺҫ˺֣ǹŴű۶ڰɡ
ʱ˲μ߶ͨ󵽴
ʳһķһۣڴϣȻǽϣϡ
ʱ䲻࣬λ峤׼𣿡ʳ庣ʵǿİλ峤
λ峤ΧһȦУӴɲǼϱӿں֮ϣɺеܰ໥ںϣϷ˸Ĺš
˼غϵĳǹ뿪ʼѿһ϶Ƿ϶ֱȫſ˸ųȵĺ⡣
ԱһֱעεĹ͢һ֣ȵȥ
мٺȿֺ룬ȥ˶ˡһȴգϤ۶Ȼˣβñ˴ȷ̽·أ˵ıôҵĻΪʲôʮıȿأĿ۶ı̺ǣ濴бϵıҲɱ˶ᱦ
գۼ䣬һǧֻʣһһźĺˡ
һش⺣һۣ¶һ˿Цݣǹ͢ٵĴߴʩʩȻ۶Ǻಽظһ
˽룬ʼ˴峤ͬʱչڱָԭ״
һܣʼΪʲô۶ˣڼΪϴһĶҲĭ״͹ƽֻǾǻɫڵĺ˸졣ԺˮϵʣʵԲһЩĽ۶»ûϿֲħޱʧȥսˡ
һɨһȦĿͣߵĺϣǺЦүΪôҪҪܳɾʹ¡
˵ûѩҺ͸ʲôѾˣаҲֻ֮Ϊ御Լһ̾һ˵
һٺһЦǸصǱ־üͷ΢ɲ塣


610 


ݿ˵ں֮һֱͨ峤̸ͲһЩԾڿǱ־ĺ磬Կ϶峤Ѱм˺ߣֻǳһЩԭûйǼ̬оһЩֵûζĶˡ
һҿ϶һ϶¶֪Ը峤϶Ľ־صֱˬļһ˵͸¶Щ˿õѸ˺ѩˡ
㸸μðնᱦģһʵ峤ɾͿôһӣ˵ǲðյġ
ǵģҸҸѧ㶫Ц
һﰵһ䣬ϼһ治򵥣ͺ֮ͨÿӦĳɷռöһЩ˵ż˵̬
һ뿨ǰнʱڱ˷ֲʮС۶һſ
һĸһհ
ô֪ˡһʼ磬һ۶ȥ
ںƽȷĪ۶˵رɣһš
ţһͻȻͣתͷ򿨶
֪ط϶ˣ´о˵ûʲôԡЩһʱͻȻұ߶ڵĻɫϹһƬȻǸ²õĲ
һָһʱһЦŵ˵ͷȷʵһΣաֻһ㿴Ƭ·ǵȻǳһ֪ǱɣвԶǼߵ㣬ҲµûѪҺ
һһԽദԽǸо󺣻ɲ⣬һɻѧ˽̲Ķ
һʾ⿨˺ȻƣƮƮǰر
ҪСһƵ߲Ѵ׾ȥƮƮķ綼ûһ˿̺ԽһСɽƽˡһ֮ǰһͻƣǽӴĿŻᱩ޴ȴͬһ졣һ۶лᷢʲô󲻵⣬һ߷ֺһʲôԾҲ̳أĿƱۡ
һһӴ۶ر˲䱬𵴲һһŵ͸
ֻøոջʵĵرͻȻڻ㿪ʼڷϢĻҽ·ɽһͳĺкͿҵĻϵħԪصĲ
֣ϢôôϤһüͷһĵ
ɽҽһǰĩʱһںڷؾ޴Դӷڵҽ̽˳ĥһ۾һ뿨
׼ֲľ޴ԴӴѹ˫۶ֹиǾ岻Թ¾ߣȻһƬ򶨡
룿һҽǾ޴ԴЩֻֻԴдڣɢϢҲһ˿аĺڰоǻħ޽µӽƷ֡
˻ޣԼڰԪռֻͳ룬ôֻأʮǰħսлλ𣿻˵
һǱѸ߰Դתһȼյĺƣ䴩ŵȴǺɫ֮磬ǽȻͬʵںϡ
ʱһѪɫﴫĲĻƺҲܵͬϢȲҪ
һһԺһСĻȻ֣ȴǲĩǱߵͬ࣬ȵԴĥһĿܡ
еĺƼɫȻɢȥҽеıƶȻ£ֻĥ̴۾Щ֣̿һµĻ뷢͵͵ĺ
һ뽻һ۶ֵıҲһ֪ʵȻ֮£Ǵһ￴ŻԵô̿֡
תӣҽڵıͬһǱɪŴҽڴͬʱҽӿĶʼᡣ
۶󣬱һԴ㼸ȫ˴ʱСΣſڵţͬͳ޻ġ
ʮǰħսҴħޣһʵǿӵпɽǿĸ߰˵ܾͨ˵Ľÿһħ޷ȥʱѪͳеĳӻٹ̵ļֻ̳˵Ͼ㱸ĳаħ޵ϢǻѪͳռ˶ԱϵͳѪͳԵȻˡ
һϸֻĻ룬֫ؽβǴԼɫв֮ͬ޶
һԵĿѴеĿɿڴˣǰ龰޷޻룬ں֮Уǿߴ֮һĻޣ˵ϵĴڡеĲͼӴĻðźϻף̤ƣ֮һжҷ
ڿһǰɰһֻɫСһСǻµĻ룬۶ֻ־̬ȱɿֻǣȴһ࣬ѵ˵һǻ񲻳ɣ֭ե˻ǲ⡣
ʲôأ߰ɡһĿļ
عֹ
֪ʲôֻҲ˵Ҳ˵ĵطԺȻͻ֪ˡһЦ
һȳǰȥĵرʮֵĺʵ˿񲻵ոﻹǷɽڵҽ
߰ԴںǱȴҲǹԹԸڻ󣬵ʹԴһССĸࡣȴ£ֻСĶûһ˿Σգ˭֪ǿֲأҲԾע󣬲ԽСһ粢ˡ
۶֧ǻĵ̣ﲢûˡ
֧ܳһߵͷ
ľȴһ뿨һȥһΪ˲½ĳһ䣬Ǻ׵۶
һӣŸĩŵֲͷϼ׵ϿƮŵɫƣտһ㣬ⲻұڣտͷ˭ͻȻҲΪһ۶
ˣϼһû˵۶İһϰԵֹš


611 ħʬ


еԶһɫҶĴҡţտĽҰ֮Եø·һЧ
ӲһһŵĹӲݵ׺С
һֻ볯ǰţ󣬶һжʮʡһͼϿշӣһǵɫƱһεһ㲻ϷֺһþȫҲ޷д
ʸйһбԵĿɫǧƪһɣöһ˷һž磬˾ÿֻš
һ۶ǰЩųĺҲûôһطʱҲ˲ö޻Ŀ־壬첽ǰ׷һǵʵ
õģ۶ħսʱγɵһռ䣬ΪʲôЩųĺûᵽôһطΪûĸܹ˱һذɡһЦ
Ƴ˱һۣرˣôǿޣĸܹͨĵأֻһ࣬ܺ˵شͨҽҲշˡ
ôһ룬Ҳ
һĵһ߿нһߴܣͻȻͫһ˿âҰްֱжѶǡ
ĿͻȻʲôһġͷһһɫ´¶侹Ĺâš
һʲôգۼֻʣһСڵһе
ո˵꣬һ紵ɫ˲زһ飬㳯Ա˹ȥ˲ϣɫΪһâȥռ˳âɲǼŤΡ
˻һǼͷһʹ֪ԼĿ꣬ͬʱҲܵ˶Է˺
ûüһһѻĲȴˣ˵ļ粿ھʹһԣɢȫڴΣͷǼƤĹͻȻɢΣһ͵ϡϵԸо˴롣
һͷȥֻһīͷ˫ǵĹﱻڵϡԱ߻һȼػҽ
һмһЦ֣Ĺͷﶼûо֪Ϊʲô֪һһϵüһҪ֪һһ˲ָоѾ˲һäĿˡ
ֹֻһֻɱһֻ˲ճ˻ҽ
һ²鿴һ£ֻڰϵޣǿҶԣΡԲǿ
ʱڵĶԾȥ廹ЩⲢ޴󰭣ָŸոհһµİɫµһʲô
һ˵Źâذɫ£Ȼ۾Ӧһ£Ǳӵĸоȴǿˡ
ʵƾһľһʼ㷢һµĴڣôһִĲͻأڴˣټֱӵĸоһһתûͣ£Ǽǰ뿴ָоǷʧȴû뵽ɱⶫһ£ֻڰϵ޹
ʱһҲٹ˼ôˣһû뼰뾯䣬һѻ磬㱻·ذɫ½¶ĿǾȻһ׶ιǼӣĹâôʥ
һͷһüڵʶ˿صĸӦתƶͬͱԴһָӦ
ͬʱֻĻͬʱһǴ̬
ŵػΧڹϣѹֵͷļⶼš
ãǹϢԽԽŨأȴǳٳٲƾһľӦȻҲ޴Ѱҡ
һüͷǷһ˿ЦĿתŵİɫǼӣȻҲĿߣǾʶеӦĵʲô
ڹǼϸɨ飬ĿͻȻ˹Ǽܵؿڴɢһ΢ʶе໥Ӧ
һ˫ֻعǣڸոսӴʱͻȻӼ죬Ϣǵصӿ˹ѪĹâէһǰɱ
Ѫâһд͸е棬ʱһضɽҡѿʮ׵ѷ죬˶ɵĹ
ֻһαʵ֧飬ûڿ֮С
ʱֻͬʱһ𣬿ŵɫʥԼɫϮͬһط
һŨīĺɫأسֻ֣ĹһֻƤһ㵯ȴʼղܻ
ȻһʵɫâһֻǺɫһŤһѷ˿״ɢࣵһ飬һ̳
̳ɢʼߴӰԶһȫĺɫ֮ڣĺɫؽ̵ֻֻ¶ͷ֮⣬ɢŨϢһӰȴɫף鲼ػƣֳ˶޴Ͽ񱩵Ϣѹ˼Ϣ
ħʬϾֶװһЩȣڱءݸħȫصһִ˵еĶ
ħʬһ߰ħԵĸߵȼħĩʧ£ضĻγɵһĹǰҪǿҾ൱ǡ
ħʬֳʵƻһĩţȻ֪ڰʩѹҶĺڹ⻤ʥ֮ް취һװϵƲһ
ħʬ̵˫ͫɭɭעһо޽˿бָڵأһɢϢûʲôӦֻǶһϵϢЩɵ
һħʬһ۾ͻȻб˵ϹǼӵؿڡȻһһħʬĲ궯ͺſһǰһ
ȥǼܵؿڴһʲôһе
˺һǻĵͳһУǼߣֻֽǼһƷ˿¶һԲɢ͹âơֻһӵе⻬羵̺ϢҲʡƱһϢҲƴͬҸֵǣһīĹΡ
ħʬڿ֣֮Ҳ̲סؿһȻǣ˿


612 ڤħ


ֻȫһϢɲǼ׹Ųڤһ˲Ϊһʬ
䡱һһ޴ɫ޴ҫ۵ĵ⽫һĨâõɳȥڲϵ֮Ȼɿһ̱ڵأڴڵغͷڷţһֽٺѣθС
ʱһѺħʬսһɫɫһ໥ӲӴĽ·׷׳촷ۣΧĩһתС
һ趯޴ȵֻȴǰôˬеǱһǰħʬԲǷȴ̬һ𾪣һôôħʬЩǱ֮⾹Ȼġ
һɫ˫һתҲħʬӲƴȥȥ֧ŲװʱԿľˡͬʱҲħʬôŽƶǹؼеĹؼ
ǣˡһһڰԪռĿޣСϻСԼյʹǼͨͨٻ˳
Ƥëؿޡѩ͵СڹѪɫ֮ìʹǼܡټֻ룬˳ѽħʬΧסһ˳Ƴ˳
һװջأһطûߡ
һǡһξԼԴʹڶ̶ʱھλ˵
ҵĳɡһٺЦŴӿùǿơǹԡֻмһɫȴԵùͻأ
ոѹһĴٴ״̬ô
һþ̽䣬ŨĹϢīһȴ׽ԲһĲ̽
ͬʱǱΧħʬȴԵԽ꣬ͻƹȴ޼£޵عֻ֮аķݡ
һǿһߣ֮һɫħʬеǷһ˿թЦݣ֮ڲһ޵Ȼѹڵ㻹ӵȥ
ڵɻĿ϶ԽԽһľһһذס
һʱͻȻüһϢ㾫ֱüĴһľ㹻ǿôһһֻ˴
һ亹죬Ϊ˱ˣʼŷڵһʧȥ꣬Ҳ֪˺ηܹ˴Ĺά겻ɢղͻȻһʶһһıԴݻ٣ô⸱ɾǱ˵ˡ
СӣſҡǺڵ˻ƴ̶һʶ֮С
ſ㣿ٺ٣˵˵ǸʲôһЦš⵹ħʯкڰֻ֮ǰأϾ٣ξеһȴʮʹޣ˭ԼʶԼ塣
ħħ֮һڤħ󽫣ħٴξ䣬Ⱥϵĩա¸¡еشЦ
֪ļһһΪΡǧ㳯Ǻڵȥ
ֻһֵǣһľ񹥻еڤħ꾹˿ֻܽסܴݻ˺ʵһͦƵ顣
ħҲ֮ƾΣڤħŴУǵ⣬¶̫ˣȴһҲͣੲݡ
һķֱþжϵ
ᣬΧħʬǰ㷴֮ʹٸߣǿܼĹҲѽ¶֧֮룬ѳѺۡ
һµħʬӦñڤħ󽫵ı壬ٿõϵ֮׹ǣԺлûһͼ
ʮǰһλϵһڤħ󽫼Ҵսʵ൱սذԷкͬھλϵһʬΪ׹ǣڤħ󽫵ʬɷħʬγΪħʬһɲǼ֮Сڤħĳԣˣʮ겻廯Ϊħʬʮ겻ࡣ
ʱѷǿĹѪɫһȷħʬϵѷ졣
ҵıħʬһʵطһƬƬ䣬ĺɫӿޣС˺Ǹеֻվ䣬ܵؽЩɫڡ
ϣϵĺʵ˲٣ǴԽĹ˸˸źâۿתһλһӰĸǰں硣
һļףȴЩ죬ԭеȻԲ࣬һСĽȵһʵﵽһĲΣ˼άԼ˵ʽѾˣҪˡ
ʱСϻСԼ޶С˷ܹܵһĿܡرСȻһ߲һſˮֻɫͫ׿Ͱ͵һֱС
ֻȥ㿾ԣһȥһһָСĶͷȴС˹ȥ
ߵһǰ˿һˣֵļֻޣٿ˿ֱͦͦһվһʹǼܣٴοһһ㣬дžη
Ұ㵱ѣϣҲʧһЦЦ˵֪ƾʵλ̫ӵƽϵֵܡʼʶţһ֪Լʲôӣţ˼άԶĴ磬ʵλı䡣νñʧͨ¶įⲢһ
ĬһͷȴȻʡ
һЦЦҲ˵ʲô˵еƣʥ֮»ǹĸоͷĪЩ
ʱСܵλϵһǼܵǰᣬɫͫһ㣬ǹǼĹС˽ȥһ㵹һ㣬ֻҪǿԳԿյľ;Ź
һҡҡͷˣҲ˷ѣ类СӵӪ
λһĹǼã˸ҲǶĻرɡ
޵ĺгУһ뿨нԶ߹ƬӵĻĽǰŵȴ޾ˮһȺףлڵĹڰգʳˮǳ
ºһ̵ζȵ


613 ˮ


һһ˵ºĴڣһֱΪֻһܲ⡣Ǹ˵ȴĳˣ۶еĺȷʵ档
ˮһ˷ܣȻ󲿷ֺԳƵˮ½ֻд󺣲ǸеڵĵطˮǾһҪ
һ˿Щڵĺˮüͷ΢΢һ壬⺣ˮƺе⡣
ʲô⣿Ҫȥԣ˵ű˺ˮ֮С
һͷûֹֻǽһƾ˿ϣһʲôԾҲԼʱȡ⺣ˮĲԾֻĸоѣȴˡ
ͨһһ˺ˮݹ˹˵ðָƽһоڸĺˮζתȦû̫ġ
˲ãԴˮ˰
ôһʵ֪⺣ˮȻġ
ˮжʣ޷벻ĺˮлܴ˵ȻںˮһڷС
һʵſɹƬº£һаֻޣֻǲ֪ΪʲôһЩףˮƺǹؼ
һ̧ͷſĹһ°͵غ˼֮С
һ˼Ҳҳţǰľ֮ǰ۶дĺķţ༰ûʲôԲοġ
ãԶͻȻСϻҰ޵ĲҽУеһһӹعҷɣߵĺˮ׸ߵĲˡ
ûһĲƽϢСϻֻһֻжʮ׵ʬ峯һ˹
һЩСʳһڸ˺еһЩＰڿй֮ûзСҳôһֻӴޡ
СС㳯һؽβĵĵҡţжʱûгԵ͵һƿˡ
̫ܵ࣬ʱҲжྪˡһߣҲӦѧľˣȻСĸһ𣬻ಡӢŰ
һһֻӴޣȫһɫĺۼףǰһֻذһ״ķǣаָһӲצһ֪ϵԸ߷ޣ͸һĤȻΪӦɣһһ֪ǵѨӶֶͨƤ񣬸ǵʳĺòϡ
Сƽ۾ͦģôϹˡһûСƨɡ
Сίؽһһһţֻ޵ضжһ㿪ƶǣŻ̵࣬ԴСĻƿǵ˳ԭһʼСľֻ޶Ｘŵ⡣
һڼŻƿǵá̽䡣һ󵭵˵⼸ŵܹġƺûγ̥Сֻֻĸ޵Ĵڣ⸽϶һֻޡ
ʱʹǱŴĻȻһʥȥܻ濪ʼȼ
һ˿޾ҲãԵ㶫취ŵӽ֮ȴŵɫâ˲˿
һͷǱ뻹Ӳħʬޱȣʱŵ谭
ֱþŵֻʥ濾ͲſѾġ
ʥ¶ȺֹȣǾʯűڣƫƫŵͦܰһŵŵʥӦһұطʽ
ꡱꡱĿŵصǽӶϢʼ
ˡһһϲӿռָͳ뿾ĿŵУζŨ
һŵȴôҲ죬ɫĵǶ˻ɫûѿ
һֻͣ£Լ뿨һ㣬üֻ޸ʳˡ
һ㿴ʲôźˮĿͻȻ
һ˳ſֹ˹ȥֻԶĺƮڵ㣬ʪ̵ĺ֮Ѫζ
ʬ壬ȥһһüȻʧԭأֻգգ۵ʱ䣬ٴγ֣϶õĺʬ塣
ʶǺЫ徫ӢЫĶӳҲμεðնᱦᡣָһߺЫʬ˵
ǲ˵֧ĳ·Ҳŵºĳأһ˵
ͬصͷҪ˵ЩʲôͻȻ̵졣
һɫһ䣬ֻ޼ͬʱͳĺʹһһһ󣬺ڶۿâ˸
֣ôôô졣һŵͷͻȻһеߡ
ֻһ˵⻰ʱ̫٣ռɲǼãҺɫĺӿŻ֮
һſһ磬Ƿ츲أ½ز٣ȫǲãĺˮ죬ڿǡ
һԼС֮ںˮ֮ϣźˮѸٽӽΪϵɫȥһȺȺĹ񾪻ʧţһֻֻˮԾľ޴󺣹ָʳһӱʳ߳Ϊߡ
ܿ죬ˮˣһȶһû˻Һڵĺˮ֮Уⰹĺˮз·һɲǶ͵ĺ֣ҵعһĽ磬ֻһĽǿôܹơ
Щֹ޹Ȼɢȥƴûгֹһ㡣
һʶЩ㵣תʵ̫ˣոջڵºİߣգۼȫˮûһ˿϶ûС
һǡʣɻ仯ˮһ㷭תһ޴ĺнһڵĽ硣
һȻڽ֮У۾ܿ񱩵ԣһвȻ
Ȼһ˫Ŀɫͫ˷£ͺһƴüļγһڽϷдŷĽһ㶨
ʱŷ֣ڽǰԶһͻأںˮеĺһֻĴһȴǣŸոս类ķֻҪôһ룬رڶɣˣǳһ亹
Ϊû취ǰɡһǷһĨĻߣüˮӡĹâˮһת
ˮ䡣һͺһʢҺڵĺˮɸΪĳ߷ȥ


614 ˮ


һ׵пѷӲºֳ룬һȶŽ绺Ʈ䵽µĺס
ڴʱĺˮػûһֻ޵ͷ­ŷ˶ۿݣͷƮݵ޷ӡںˮ֮оһͼһ㡣
ʲô
һʼ磬ô֪ʲôأźˮеӰ񣬷ŭֻƺԼûʲôŭɡ
˾޲ûٷƺЩɡ
һɢȥͼ֮ͨԣ޵ʵǳǿºпףҪżǿĿƿռղǺˮеĿռڶĳ־żȻ
ֻһľǰȴ谭ٴαñˮҼһӴʼѹһ÷ˮĿռ䡣
һҲЩŭˣ޻ǲ֪ôΪôˮϵ޾ţXôˮ֣ˮȻʧսҲȥˡһһѩصˮϵħ˦ˮƵ£֮ڵĺˮȫᡣֻȴڴʱʧӰˡ
º֮һڻûºȫ⣬ַһ㣬ƺǺˮеһӣĿռħǿڣҪ׼ȷץסλòһѡ
һʩ˱ѩ֮ͣˣ˼һٺЦŷĴ㡣ԡռĸı䶨ֻ޵ĽȻÿռסǵ·ѵͲƿôһҪߣ˭衣
һһ۾ʼռԿռħҲһоͨǿиıռһһط쳣쳣ĵطǿƿͨ
һ޼ҹ쳣ķ򣬶ȫעֹ޵͵ϮҲȷʵƻʹ쳣ķתˣҵĹ֮£ʼζ
ͻȻ䣬һŵĺһоһ˿Ծֹͣ˹ռȻζͣңⱻĺˮʼֵѷ죬񱩵ռҴܡⳡͬ缴ĩһ㡣
޷ˣͬھʱһ޵ĿأҪԼռ䡣תҪռ֧飬ʱռڵһжҷ𣬰Լ
һɫ䣬װټӦܶסռɲɵ籩ɲܡҲ񲻵һֻ޾ȻôǿĿƿռó
һֻ߱ǿˮϵռϵһޣпֻˮϵռϵߵ޵ĺʮʱøΪǿ
һһʼС綥׳һô򵥡һԽʮꡣﵽ̶ȣϾ֮ǰӴħֻǱɽһǡӵװƣûؼ̳ǵʮǰħս¿ռڶ̶ʱھء
ۿܾ˵³һǿôҲĵͻȻһ£ſʼҡϳ˹ѣǿҪˡ
ڴͬʱռڿ񱩵ƽϢһͨԸеռĴľϲ뼤
ѵ˵Ҫĵֻ޵ĺһȻѹֵʱĴҲޣҲ񲻵ֻˮϵǿ޻ֻϵĸ޸㵽һ˺ԼԵĸӣѹֻҪƴˡ
һҪһ֪תԲҷһ˿һ
ǵѷԽԽһŹͺͺëػɫͷ­˳þҪӵ﷢͵͵ʮ
ʱռڵ籩ƽһͳغӿռ˷˹ڵСһܵ˹һˡ
ڣСһƿǶȫͨͨģûëȻֻһȣ۾ǽŵġСһ￴ûһ㹥һһؽŻΪһƺӰڸҴܣֻûһУôܳóȥء
һͳĽһһ˿̽ӴһɣٴγɵЦݡ


615 


һľӭȥһͳʶ𣺡ߣֻҪſҵĺӣһжԼ̡
һǸһжᣬ֪ĺӣǾԲᶯһë
һɲʱ仯һһŤãһлָԭ
ףֻˡĹŽеֻһգ۵ĹˮȴȻվڰߣƺղŵһжûзƵġ
һ޵ĳ⣬һĴɴܵСһ㻯ΪһӰ˵ºУһһͷ˽ȥҲûгˡ
ã޵ٴγ֣ߣҿӵˮˮӡˮ񴫳ߣֻǲ֪Ϊβû̳ˮƵҸױˮϵޣˮܵĹϵȻռ䣬ʲôҪҰæľ˵
һһϲʧ֮Ǹոջܾ˵ĺȴ˸ʮȵĴת䡣
֪Ƿ֪̺ǵĴڣǴǰΪѰⶫһص
޳Ĭһ̺һˮϵսǣҲҸ׷ˡ
һһеѰˡ룬޼ȻλˮϵһĹϵô̺ǵء
Ҳܰȡñ̺ǣҿԴǵأħսҵĵطߵȼħʬɴ˶ħ񽩲֪ж٣ṳ̂滹ܻų޸һ֮˵
أһԡĲһߵȼħʬɵħ񽩾ͬһħжЧһʲôϣһط֮ΪһҲݣҪΣյĵطȡñ̺ȫˣһĿ顣
һü򿨶һΣյصطһܹ˼İΣ
һôˣһʵ
һ޵Ļתһ飬ŵ̫Σգʹһ
ĬĬ˸е񹭣̾һ֪ҵʵֻĸҾɣΣһҪСģ˵Ҫȥʶһ²½磬ϣ˵
һĿļЦģûһȥ͵ҵĺϢɡ
׼𣿡ʵ
ˣһæҴûлܽͳռ𣿡һ
áʮָɴӦ˵ѵ顣֪ÿ꺣嶼˽۶ðնᱦʱֻҪ͵ڴɣغٴδ򿪿ռ䣬߳ȥˡ
ʱˮеһסһĳǣһգۼʧԭأֻ࿨ɥһԶͬһײˡ
ǵеȻ졣³ѳ߹ģһ»Ľεض𡣴ӺɽֲĴڽֵԣʻ׺Ȼ
עĿҪ½ˣרΪв½ܻռذĶߴʮ㣬ư磬ĵһǾмᡣԽ֮ÿնĽ͡
ʱ½ͷĹ㳡ڣħȪشӼɽӿ·۵ĳˮϷֻɫɺˮϴԼྻë죬ȴʮ־ףֻͣǲܽء
һȺ߲ʽôŮӴӼɽת˳ĻЦĹ㳡
ȺŮӴмһٸʮͷͣɫ㷢̳һķ٣׺ϣΪ¡
ٸЦȻΧŮӵС֡
ܿ㣬𣿿ûжЦ
Ϲһ£ʲôϹܿһ˵
ǿǷѪȻڲͬˣ˼ҵı߸²ܶ۵رһ¾ͻᶯǺпŶ˵һɫװŮġ
Ů׷׸һʱݺﲻڶ
һȺŮӸɫ㣬ǣ˾۵һɶ
λˣʺ÷Щع˵÷ƷʱһλŮŮ˹֪ͨ
ǺǣпڸˣܿڡĽЦ
ôĽĻȷһЩýҲռռĹΣȡЦ
ŮȤų˴½ݣ񷢻ˣϱĸҲӡ
½⣬ŮһһӻҽĻ»ʻ롣էֵǷο֮ԶȥǷ׷״Ⱥ˶Ǻ·
ʱһЩӾͻţXرǣǿ̫ӵµŮҲҴ⣬ûʶļһ֪ʹô֪ڤʥŮô֪ʥŮô֪˼ĴСôʲô֪֪㻹Һ˼룬Ժ۾Ҳпԭмǵһ㾭أ
ǣڶ˵İΧ£ЩӸĭɣؽ֮ǰһһ̫ΰʷǰʥħѧԺ籩Ƕξ춯أɸķ¡
Ⱥ֮Уȫڶеĺ˻һۣһõͳ˷˵ŵӣλ̨̫ӵµȻָƣȴ̨֪ǣ֪֪̫ӵ´ʱȥˣ
⻰ʶˣĺƽһͳӦ֪ҪǾаɣ̫ӵڴ˵е֮ϣŮ̺뿴̫ӵ£ʱһܼġ˵
˵һлȺ˳
㣬һ治УĻǸô죿һѹһ˵Ƿ⽿ᡣ
һһ̾ݼݼֻýʹһˣ¹۹ôңҲˡ
뵱ŭǻľ̽ɱ»һɱ˶ӡ̣Բʲôõӡ󣬵ֻһ׽˲֪ʲôطħѾõ÷ǳ㷺ҵһ̫ʱ䡣
ʥò´½ľ̽ãʱ׷Ǳʹĺ


616 ħ


ڵŮߴߴĵû죬ӲϹܿĺӺѷжʱյһˡ
޺޴񾲵΢ЦţȻŮ֮УһֱõĽɫĺܿһҲȦӣΪŮˡ䣬֮ѷһ˿룬׷˼
һǣ޺˳ȥ½ɵĴ̷ƣڿ˿ܼĽˡ
޺һ̾ʮɬʱѲ٣ʮһŮһŮˣЩЦɺ޿ɱ黳ɢΨŨŨİͣġһ絭ŵɽˮԶͲеζ
޺޴ŵл估ȥ֣۽ǵⲻɨĨӰһӱ㾯ܾһӰοʮ졣
ľ̸Ӧעǣ֪Ѿ¶ɴ಻أסյĶһƣ¶ĻĽա
޺һ૵
ʱŮ޺޵׷̽ͷ޺޵Ŀȥ
ǻʹ֮Уһۣͷˣׯ֮ϣŮ
˭֪ʺƽ˭Ϳ𣬵ÿĿ֮ʱ˸ǰ
ʱڲԶľľݼݼݼáŮģü񣬵ȴԯޣһĻһˬֱΣŮòľ̵˽һЩȻɱŭЩ٣ΪһŮȴʮϧһŮһˣôĸԸĽ¡
ʺʮҪҪ̫ӵ¡ʺһҪǡľҧҧ´һһعĸȴĩκ߰ϥǡ
ȴ޶ԣ֪ľСҶкιɣĻ˵ĻǾˡ
ľһ𣬲´½һ֮Ⲣ֪ܾô˵
ʺ̫ӵм¡ȴ˵һԵľݼݼҲ
üһȴǲÿɷ
ľԥһ£۹û̫ʱˣΧŮӶһ׵ˡȻ֪͸ǰɡ
ʺ˵ľͷᶨ
㣬ôܡľݼݼǻû˵ȴľһֹˡ
ľ뽫´½˵һʱȴЦȵվ͵ˣǶɣǵļ¼ȻôԿҾͲˡҿȷظǡصϢ뿪ǰѰҴ˵еĺ֮ǡ翣˭Ҳ֪ڴ󺣵ĸ
һľ̽ԭأѵ۹Ҫһ
´ħǾͿˣ⣬ڻʹ죬˵ܿϢľ̽ʧӽ˵
۶أһĳһ׹֮ͻأسһ䡣
һĹˣˮΣվ׵أһΪ۶¶ȺܸߣȴһּΪɭĸо漫ΪżһҽϷڵ֮ʱȴȵһΪ
һЩ촽񾭽ţĿǰΪֹʲôûҰްֱѸΣվܡ
ʹǼһһҴ粽վһ󣬶С޻ֻʰǰ
Ȼһһ˿΢ɲжǰСһ󶶶ŭһȫһʥ⡣
һӿһĿǰΣģһ֪ʲôö
һɸߵȼħԹ飬һԹ鲻ͬȻʥ⣬רСӵдʵ֡
һ֪ԸԹֶһߵõİ취þħ
һֳѪɫѾȥ֮Ѫɫɷ죬ħ龹ʮֹ˼ɣǻûٶȼ죬ɭɭӿκá
СʥͻʥܶԹЧɱˣֻħ龹Ǻ⣬ֻĹСͻĹ
ҵսСĶѨչȴûжԶһ˿˺һʼӴɶѨ̮ѨϷҽὫû
һһս֣ȥ嫵ľüɢ˷Χħ顣
ħΪУɢŴһΧȦеķ϶ȥֻħεһȦȴһľΧȦһͰһûһ˿һķ϶Ρ
һΪħ֮ʱħͻȻһΪХΪһõڼʸ˾ΧȦеһ㡣
һֻüһħ龹ϢʧľΧȦ֮УЩȻԭħ鱾Թʮǿ󣬼йһһľΧȦɲǼһ˿ϸϸķ϶˳˿϶˳
һҵСĶѨҴܣղŻĶѨһѷˮһʱХָԹ֣һֻֻĽʬϰѨ˲˾Ųڤ
һһ鴤дһԹԡ޼亹
ЩֻһBOSSаʬ֮ǻ˵ƾʵɱ٣ЩɶЩħ񽩣ħ֮սҵЩӢһͻȻ֮࣬ӴɷѾѹһ涯ǻ˵ãһţBҲȻһһܵ硣
һ˫һ㶨ԭأƶԿ֮£ԷǿҲӲοֻһȺʵǿ
ת֮䣬һӿٵתţˮ޸ﲻ׼һֱӽ͵Ǳ̺ڴӲƴˣӲƴĻֻˡ
뵽ˮޣһͻȻ뵽򵽵ͬһռ˲ƵĶ̾ռħΪһֿռħᣬ벻ڴʱдá
һȫջغڰԪռ䣬Щħ񽩱ƽɲÿռħὫԼ˲ƿ


617 ̺1


ֻð׹һһٴγǰ֮⡣ǰһȫһƬĿĽʬԹ飬ռħᴫ͵˽ʬ׼̲סһ¡
顱ħ񽩷Ӧ죬һθֱǼػռ˺ѵļХޱߵŨ
һȫķϣ⼸ػϵķһ󲨶ͷѪӿ㻹ڳܷΧ֮ڡ
һֻôһ˲䣬ٴڿ֮Уħ齩ʬĵڶſա
һÿ죬ڶԻķˡΪһֻ⼸ֻħ񽩷ӦˣĵڶǾۼ˰ħ񽩵ĹôǿĹһȫ̳Ҳñâ
һӰһ㣬ϰħ齩ʬ֡ʵǬŲƵĻҲ˲ƣǬŲҪķѰֵļ̶̳ȿ϶½٣ÿռħɶˡ
һһԵһȺһǻۣȴ뵽ͬǽռôӴһҪ봳ȥ֮ѡ㴳ȥˣҲȫˣˡ
۶һõռħħе½½ɢħ񽩶вǲ󣬲ħȻ˳Ϣ׷Ϲ
һȴ˺ģõʮռħ˦Ⱥֲ飬һյϵϢ˺һȻƽһƽһ·ӿѪаˣȻûбƣܵȴΪܡ
һһСسǰȥû߼Խǰ۶ԽСֻʣһԴСؿӡ
һ̽ͷȥԴСĶѨģҲ֪ǰʲô
XXġˣأһһ˿˽ǡ
ҿүһǹҪȻҪطһţֻŵȫһٰȱ죬ԴСĶ˽ȥ
ССĶѨͷƣֱҪһƻͷǹͦģȴʮܣʱ䳬ԼܳܵļޡôָɻΣ֮ܲŲָܻʮ֮˾ĺ
һ뵽֮ҲЩɬľǰ̽ȥʱǱһصš
үҪҲƶһоЩ͵壬ɼӿٶȡ
ⶴѨͨʯĻһַӿƽѨʯʵȴʯӲٱЩħ񽩼ĹǼΪֲģⶴѨұھӡǶһһĺͿ֪ˡƫƫһеĿռħҪĿؾ֮ڲ˲ƣʮСȴʮհĶѨк֮ء
ʱšһеԼһʹԽԽءҧأǰŲš
͡ҵˡһ޵Ϥ̾ϢĻصһߣͷ͵һΪ˻ֻȴʵʵڵظоһůһࡣ
ţһһ߽ŵ֡
ûһһǰһֻʮԶĶΧһƬ
һŵһţһ˳ȥʱȴ˼ɲ۾ֱ㶵⣬ͷ˵һ
С֮ǸΪĴ󶴣֮죬ʮħ񽩲һӴڶһȼһ龫ֽȥҲɲǼ仯Ϊ촷ۡʮħǼߵȼħղһЩͬһ顣
һʱȴǳȥҲ˻ȥҲǣּħǰÿռħⲻǣǿҲԲסǹͬһ
ʱһѵ˼ޣٲȥɳԴˡ
˲߶ʮһˣһֱұڳ˳ʱһ죬оõһˬ졣
һһֻڻһǽϣֱ졣
ͻȻ䣬һİ񱩵ɲǼƽϢ
һһ̧ͷʮħֹͣ˻๥ɫ۾ֱضֱë
λֻ·ǼһһЦƮݵط˸ڵϣŰֲţBشЩħ񽩳ǰȥ
ֻЩħ񽩵۾һӰתţת˸ĿһԶȥ
Щ˺˵Ǳү̫޺ˣһֹŲسǰţоʮĿʵԵضıȴֵûй
аԼ˵һܿתǰ澹Ȼû·ˡ
СӣȻ˾ͱȥˣɡһһ
һһͷͼһͷ˫ǣĿĸߴħվıǴз
һסоħ龹ûʵ֮⣬˼άʲôİû˻
չգСôôӡţˮ񣬷񣬹񣬾Ȼӵƣߴվû֮𣿡һ׵һһߣƵĴһ
ϻħģȻߴӡħֵ˺ãƶСϣҿǶܲʹ˶ˡ˵ħЦ
ħҲ׷׾۵һǰ
һһξԼ̵£ڵǸʲôһȺղŻذħ񽩴ʱΧͷ㣬˵һǸ˵һ䣬ǻ֮ƺͦܵġ
ǡʲôһ˷ʵ
ʼħֹסħ񽩵ۡ
ħƤ˵С񽩳ħ˵
Сӣ⽩ʬĻħ·ַħ֮һƾǲǺǶǰǣ໥֮ƽħǴ̶ȴһ˿⡣һͷȷʵɻһ㣬ʵǿǰǣħôܺƽ˵˵ЦЦʮǡ
ʮֻܴ꣬ôСһռ䣬ĳҲĥƽˡħһ̾޺޸п˵


618 ̺2


ʮħΪʮǰħսоӢеľӢвħһ۶лΪĲ顣ڱĩʧڳʱǧҹҹ໥ռ㲻飬Ԫ˲ʮָֻ
˷ǧ꣬˫ƣˣ̫į֮侹˽໥֮ĳȥȴ˻ľ
ʮǳųΪ֮ž໥֮ЦЦ֣˾ȺŹһ
һ֮ʱʮħڻǡ
˵ֻܱôСĿռһָָⳤףֻʮ׵Ŀռ䣬ŵʵôСĿռʮ꣬ƫƫˣʹĪڴˡ
ûСӣ֪Ϊʲôǿô˰ɣʮˣò˸ף¸¡ħЦ
ﲻиΪʲôȥһָָǸԴСĶڡ
СӣٹȥܲܽȥԱߵֻЦ
һͷһ˿ԤСһԴСĶǰȴⶴھܿȴһ㼫ΪˡƾŬҲȻ
СӣİɣռȴãǹԹɣڣѰħЦ
һڵأɲ뱻طһӣ˺ջڵЩħһ㣬ˡ
ιСӣ̾ҲûãҲģ˵˵ôˣħֲִֻ۾ôֱֱһ
ȥȥȥүû顣һϲӬƵİڰ֣ɲô׷ˣͲССĿռ
ˡһӵһԾ𣬿ʼռĴϸϸ鿴ÿ綼ŹͲҲ
׷ˣҪĿռͳȥˣܵȵ⣿µ
һȴǲǣר־Լ飬ֻʵʵռȷʵиɻһʮ鶼ûзһ˿ļ϶ڡ
աһһӲұڣüϹâһװ壬˶һһұڡŭϢʮ಻ħ񽩶Щ⡣
Ҳ֪ٴȥװڣһѪ˿ѵ̱ڵء
Ҳܣһ૵ϵ֮ӡͨͨƴüķɳڿиתܵȵԼ֮΢ĹϵᶨҹеһɲǼ侹Щħ񽩸еһļ¡
һΣŵĹâ˫Ŀʹ֧ڡ
ħҲãĬĬһۣħһԣʲô顣
һϵ߲ʹâȥڣָһɣ֪ԽżԽ벻õİ취ˣҲûãͲһһֱҪط
ʱʮħƺ̸ϣԳһΧ˹
Сӣ£ǽ顣
һûپܾ㽫״һ飬ûа
û뵽ǧħ֮սˡ̾Ϣһ
ħӡʮ꣬ԸһƷĩձҪˡƾħ֪ʮǰħ֮ս֮ԱΪħݣΪħҰģһлҪĿȨʮЩһһЩΪ˼ܵӰ죬ħƷ磬ȴҲĿ
һ촽Ȼħ춼ô˵ħƷĺѣβƷ
ħָʹĴѰᣬ֣Ǻ롣벻ص˺֮ǣѰҵطǴģֻҪԹԴıȦУͲбֵΣա
Ψһһֹⳡѵˡһ̾
һʼ磬ʲôã񻹲Ǻһط
СӣϻҲ˵ˣһ취ռ䣬ôӦһħЩͷ˵
ʲôһһͬʱҲЩɻа취뿪ռ䣬Ϊλᱻڴʮء
飬ƽϢⳡƽ֮嶼ƽҪħ壬ϣҪҾɱħ쵭˵
ǵȻһʡһͷ
ħϵ֪Ҫʲô𰸵ʱ֪
һһüҲٶʡ
һһҪ㡣ȴͻȻ
˵ɣֻҪһĶƴǡһ
ţȥ֮һŮܴĸ׺ܰ첻֪óһɫľϸµӨӨ֮⡣˵⻰ʱмĲ֪Ůжˡ
Ůڲ½𣿡һӹݵ
ʮħսʱŮոճãһδս֮ܵΪȫӡסԼȴ֮ըƿ˿ռ䣬ҹŮڲ½ĳ䣬׵û˽⿪ӡŮԶ˯ֱӡԶ⿪ʱӦҲˡ̾Ϣ
һ֣صصͷһڴ˷ģһʵ֮꾡ȫѰŮ
ˣƻ壬ǽ㴫ͳȥ
ȵȣʣ֪֪̺ǵĴڡһʵ
̺ǣ˵ˮϵһ񾸺ʱɵ֮ǰɡһԵħʵ
ûҴǰ۶Ҫҵһ
СӣҪǰ⽩ʬϲϸˡħЦ
һһͻȻӦѵ˵λˮϵһǰ죿
ǸɲԡһʱʱЩ˼Ҫˣܲ˵Ҳûã͸˳ҵˡ
СӣڴҲԵݣҵǻԵɺ²ûɢںˮϵʣ˵ڹͷϽԲˮ񣬵һˮȲϵģǾǡ˵ͻȻռһĻҲȻֹ


619 ص֮


ô£һʡ
СӣûʱˣĺѾʼ򿪿ռ䣬ǵ̰ͳȥҪȻǿռ֮һϣɵõȰռˡ켱˵꣬һ֣һȭͷСıɫƮ̺ţҪ֮֡첹һ䡣
Сӣ㱣أСӣϧħ̾Ϣһȫð׹⣬ԾһԣӴӿ
ιι㻹û̺߱ʲôһءһµʮħ񽩼ԭĿʱģ塣
أħӿΪһɣڿγһС
һͻȻʶʲôһ𣬴еȵȣǵȵȡ
Ȼǿħ񽩵ѾȫʧһѲܿƵرи˽ȥ
ʱ۶֮⡣
۶вμðնᱦĸʿصӣ۶ĺѼɳͷһ㡣ɴ۾۶Ǻڡ
һСʱȥˣСʱȥˣڴȻûһ㶯Ȼûһ˴߳
ȺҲһļžûһ˵˶ڵȴʲô
СʱȥˣȻûжܶпʼоͰʻ峤״ðնᱦչĩֹǰٵʱҲʮʿųʱаڹôáȻûһʿ߳
һСʱ۶ھҪˣ˵ĶýģҴϡˣ˳ˡͻȻһкľһܣ˫Ŀ˹ȥ
棬Ǻ֮УһӰŴ󣬴ٽһЩȻһźʿк巢װĻǵһųغ壬Ǻ˵ͻлŵĺ塣
ʿʹŮӭ˺ǰֻһƺ磬һɫӳںǰűĺֳ񹭣ǿֻ˭
ԭ忨ӣһ߳۶֤ǷǻʵĿԴһλʿĳ֡ǹ͢ǹ˵꣬ںһƬƳĺȲ
ȴЩ㶣ĸһԡ
һأôһ˳ˣ峤ʵ
һûܵءµġҡҡͷɥıָֻһƬᶨһǸܵı£ס
֮峤ôʣһԣֱֱֻ۶ڡǸϤӰĳ֡
ʱһһĹȥ۶ȻһƬף˽ںҲٶȻָ˰
ʣʮӡ͢ٵһߺ˵Ѳɴ˴ðնᱦֻһЩȥľӢȫ
к嶼̫ţ˵μӴ˴ðնᱦʿδ࣬ʵǿһʲôᵼҵĽк嶼޷ܵ顣
ӡ

һӡ
һ׶༪ˡ峤̾һ
ģһʹ嶼ˣҲܻġһĿʱȴᶨطŸ׵Ļ
峤һü쳣ضԼĶӣĸضʲôʱǸ˼ᶨƵģѳΪһǸӰʵЩˡ
ʮţˣߣ۶֮к嶼ԼͬĿʼʱлһ˿ϣĹͷܼһĺʿ
壬ģһһĵк嶼ĬǺڷٺ£ǵѾκεϣˣ˴εðնᱦᾹңμǧڣֻһ˻Ŵ߳
ֻһ˿϶ʱͻȻ亣ˮһӿӴӿ˰ӡںع۶Ѿȫϣ±һҫŰ׹ĹšֻǹǰȴһźͦӰƮź룬ֳһѺɫľ޽˵ĸоȴһɽ㴣ǰļ²ѡ
һһȥƮһǰһԼ˵Ľ
Ҿ֪Ҿ֪һûµġš
һ̧֣һġʮħ񽩣һˣԼ벻ǻԼΪǸĿռ佫ͳԸе嶼սƽͬһ硣
һ˦˦Դ˦ȥ˸е뿨һͬʵǰ
ںһһļž֮ȫǶǿҪλͷĺʿ
Ǻʱѵĺʿһܣ£Ȼںʹ㳡֮Ͻչʾλʿ۶ı͢ǹźǵȺӿĨ亹ͨ棬һȺͺʻп۶ص˺֮ǡ
֮Ȼɽ˺Ȼڶĺȥ۶ĽȻຣȻڽס
һ˺ǿҪغʹҪ󣬼Ҫصĸۡȼֲּ֪Ƿҵ˱̺ǣһһͬǰ
˿ԼԺӣһʼ峤⣬뿨˽ȥ
үڶ֫ϲֵسһĻС
һһֻҪû±ˣ۶һֱеҲħʶûвĴڡ
ʱ̷ƺСҲĿԵһϴ
һɳ֮£ƽĻ˼ɾһػˡ̷̧Ƶһۣȵñ̷类һŤͷ𴦣Ӷ৵һºƫоһɫĿŮеӸһ㡣
̷ợҲڵʱûгʲô°ɡһñ̷̬ǳķէֵСŮ̬ʵ֮ôһʣڰֻر˾
ûûУ⼸ǲĵýҶ˵ǻǧ꣬Բµġ̷ƱϾôĴˣһӱָתڿһ
һʱǢޱȣһԵĿ죬ͻȻȥĸ˺ѩһӵĬĬ˳ȥ


620 Ǽ


ʼ֪һûеõ̺ǣƫһֻλЦƺֲ˼ˡҲֻܸż˽ȥȴ˼ɣϾİ
ֵȣΣʽһֻȹϵϡʵڵȲȥ峤һʱһȴһ΢ЦʩʩȻԺˡ
Ǹñ¾úˣ˶˵ӢڣᰡЦǡһس庣ʵԲԡ
峤źҡ˵Ų黹Ӧе̬
һͷЦ뺣ʲУԺȴٵŸͷ
֮ԶȲʵһб̺ǵϢ
һüһ̾ȴԺЦ⻰ʵˮƽǷõ˱̺ǣûб̺ǵϢ
ûСһʵ
ǵǣұˮ޴͵أصħ񽩣ʵ֮ǿֱĩţҼڴһյشһλǰǵ񽩣һ֪֮ǰ϶˵ľҲټٵ˵һ顣ʵԭڽ۶֮ʱû뷨ʵҵ̺ǣֻǺ˵ر̺ǲУ˵һˮ񶼱ȲϵԣټϼúΪ̺˽ţһ˿ǡ
һ̾ʲô׷ʲô£㵹˵վ֮ǰĳ˿Ȼ뱣ƽĵļȿȴôҲѹֲס
񽩸ң̺ǵȷڣҾֻʮѷ䣬ѱˡһ˵
ˣǱ̺õûУʼʵ
õˡһԥصͷȴֽŵֻ񽩸̺ǲҪС
һ˵ֻ֣ð׹һһĵĹűƮСҶӳһȻâ
ʻȻվԵضһеı̺ǣֲ˹ȥ
һȭͷһգ̺ƾʧҲѹ
һ̺дãʲôܿʼһ̬ȣ֪Լģˬ
£һ㡣ֻнҲֻصŵԡҪ̺ǲѣҵ֪ҪⶫкôһЦ˵
һӱ˼һȻ¡ò̧ͷòɣǰʺҺķ֮ǺұȢһŮΪޣҵŮɯףֻɯ֮ȴħɱϮȻұȴһֱ״̬ͬСɣұһֱҵĻʺɯ֪һԵɺ֮ҵ֪۶б̺ǵĴڡ˵´ɾȻҵػʺԣҲŰ۶Ѱұ̺ǡ
һֱ˵֮С꣬˸һЩݡ
û뵽壬ֻǱ̺Ǳ˽ƣҲ֪ܷȻʺ󡣡һһж˵
ܾܲȻʺ󣬻ñһԣֻҪӦʹбѡʼһ˵
̫ˣһΪ㱦ʵ̫˼ˣֻǱʢȴҪ¿϶Ĵ϶Զ֮Ĺϵһźʵļ˵аԷЦбòҪײҪͬʱҲԾ裬⺣ǴԱǳǸֻλԡٺ٣ƺ⺣ʱֻ谭κΰ
ʱ΢΢һָ̻м̫˽Ȿˣ˵ǴӦ̺øҾҵĻʺˣʶм
²ˣ̺Ǹǻ𣿲֮֮£һͬǰⱻƵı̺ȥȻʺǵãǸ֮ã¹黹̺ǡһĿתضźʣⷬǵˮ©ҲͰˣǼٵ̺ǲҪԭʵرٲҪѹһˡ
ǵȻԸͱһͬǰòˡʺԥشӦһΪԼˡ
̸ϣһ뺣ʷ˺ʹ
ɭϵͨʴһ뵽˺ʹĵص׹
һţ¹Ľûиǲܽģ֮ǵرʹʮ౶ȫװĺ徫ʿӦϺʵܻˡ
Ը⽫һʾ⣬ֻһһһ˲˻ɣľͲôʧġ
һһװμ䵭ŵĹƿӽ޹̵㺣幬Ůһ˳ȥ
һ˫ȴǰһ˿ɫ⼸Ůڼ֮龹Ȼһ˿죬˵ʲ˵أ˵ǷǵػɾìˣĶʺأΪǧټҪȡñ̺ǣô᲻أ
޹һű̵ʯʯµĻƣʮ־顣
һǶɯͼѵٸ˫Ŀʯ֮ϣǲ԰׵ɫһΪһ˴˯ͼ
ʺе˶ѹֱһתͷԺ˵ղþӦһ£λʺȷʵ纣˵״̬һ統һүүſֻ϶صЩ֮Уһһ㽫֮Ҫָǧѡ
ڴأֻս˯˵С֣һ֮ɫ
ҵ˱̺ǣΣһҪѹдʣоλ浱
һ֮ǰֲ׺˿һᱻжϾɼˣ·Ҳֿرϣճɾһ˿ǻˣǾˡ
ãһһ˿֮ɫ
һЦЦһ̯̺Ǹϡһ̺ǻƮ˺ʵĸǰʸмؿһһۣű̺ǣһֻ˴ŮӵС죬ֻֿһ̺ǻΪһâûŮӵĿС
ŮȫͻȻ̹⣬԰׵ɫӿһ˿졣
ˣáʧ̬ؾϲ˳סŮӵĴָ
ͻȻ֮䣬Ůӻһ߷跢һҲɫѪ˿۱ǿڶ


621 ձ


ѣ㲻¡ʧ̬شһζʯѪŮӡ
һҲһΪǱ̺Ƿɣת˫ĿضźǾҡŮӵĴ֣һ˿ϸ΢ûĸӦ
أŮӵֹͣ˲׶Ͼȥı̺ȴҲû˶Ϣˡ
ŮϾһ̣ʧ˻һţͣ˫Ŀ޽࣬ƺʹ޷һӱһ㡣
£ڰ˳㡣һĺʵļ򵭵˵
ƱͻȻѰȻ̧ͷӽŤһҰް㶢һܿ죬ıƽ³һɬһҲù㣬ҪҲֻܹԼ
һȴǰһʣʵݼʱ޷ܵʶعһٵƽϢ֮ʹ࣬ǰһӰ۵λǻСһ
ף̺أôôͻȻʧˣʵĶƺҪ̺ȡһȴͻȻŮڵı̺ƾʧˣǱ𾪵شе
һǳ΢ЦһţҲһþŮ̽⣬Ǳ̺ǹʧӰˡ
һʡǶԲס㣬̺ǿڽڷʲô䡣Բŵɣ̺ҲɢˡʴӦȴûռ㡣ҲжԼΣҺʹĶֻҪ㿴ˣȡ߱ǣҪ⺣ʵıҲáεһһ˵ޱȡ
ˣ²𣬺ʹرһƴǾԵαˣҲԲסʵһģںʱҿɲ룬һСأһһʧۣȴǴȻ
ݼɵĸֱ˶Ϸ֪
̺ǵƾʧʿɲΪһģֻ϶һṫ˺ƤϾŹͬĵħҺ֮ĵֻ̣Ҫһ˵һ࣬гǧĺὫ˺Ƭ
һʴ˺ʹر⣬֪һ޴ıأͷر಻ʤΪ׵ͳߣıһ۽硣дͷ­ĳ飬ǧĺɵľܣб񽣣Ŷѻɽضʯܶһв֡ͷ̺Ĵȴһ˼ġ
ʱȴҪʺĺ¼ȥˣһȴڷտռָ޶ණڱ̺ȴһ㶼Ƶġ
һںǾ޴ıϹ䣬Ҳľ±½ʹľ޴󱦲أԼѼ챦ڼʵıʱȻۻңӶá
ƿռָôôСиƽ׵ĽָǸкáһʱеĿռָһĲֵȴôһռָڲ½ҵڶö
һüرתţã᲻ãǸҲ̶£ѵôһˣøôԵԼأ
һ֮ʱڰԪռͻȻһ󲨶
һһСϻСޣֻ룬ԼʹǼͬʱǰ
ֻ޳һһӽ㱻޴ıסˣڸֱϱȥòֺ۶Ұһ֮ںڰԪռȴǴסˣǿҪһǳ͸͸
һżֻһӣȴͻȻһͻȻشЦ
ʰʣңοүҲıˡһ˫۷Ź⣬ָ°͵ĺӵ˵ͻȻ뵽һİ취ڰԪռĿռǼΪҪºʵı⣬ȻֱӽЩڰԪռ䣬СЩ޿԰
뵽һһķ
һԸСޣʹǼҲ˰˱֮С
ںڰԪռеرԿüٶʧڣرüΪֻǽǶ޼ļ黹еҲѡ
һ֣佱˼ֻһͶѵ˶֮һ˲ΪѾӵĲƸ
ûͺʴһкһ֪˺ʹ
˺ʹصլһͻȻ뵽֮ôãҲûһħͷбͷõʱн״ʱ޷ľƺҲգʱ϶Ҫȥһ
һ˺üطħͷõʳǽĿ֮Уһû˳룬ڶ࣬ѡһƫƧĿԻħڱһ±ɡ
һ²ôħʱſյı⣬ǳ鴤ţĸо
½ǻʹ
ٹҪˣ³Ͷ޴֮ѻ깤ֻˣǵĹģǴ½κγж޷
ĸǽ絽жڻ״̬Ĳҹ֮ǡ
£ħ֮иոնһ㣬ڴ½֮һµĴͷѾһֱħһ͢ħʦ˻ʵŭ鷿ŭԽģһ˷˵ҲҪʱ
۵ŭվͷһʯڷҪ֪һǰѰҺ֮Ѿ൱һʱ䣬һֱûһϢ½֮ĴħĽѾ˵һ޴󰭡
£ŭʹһŮǰ󹬴Ϣ
ܿ죬һŮǶ֪ϢڰյҲ
ʺͨħȥ̫ӵ°ɡڻʹס˼յľ̺ľݼݼüѣ޲һ
ǰѰҺ֮Ǳ˵ΪԤһõĴħǵĴħֻ͹֮һЩ޸ħ֮ɴ͡㲻ҪżȻħһ᷵صġľ̵簲ο
ľҧ´ĵ˵ͷ֪һħһͷȴ޷棬ָоɵͻȻˤ£ƫƫ밶жξˮУȻûˤˣʪܵضҽ̤ʵأ֪жôˡ


622 쳣


ðնᱦ֮󣬺֮ӰĽײŸոտʼ
ˣһһ֮ٴμ˺ʣһߵȼĽ׻ᣬ֮йʸμӵȫˡ
һƾŲʺˮĸҵȡ볡ʵǺʽһңڵĵһ衣ҲЩںʣЩ壬޾弰Ȼǿǿϵ壬Щġ
˵ʵһԴ˲û̫Ȥϵʮֻħӡںף뺣ѡվ˺һߡ
ʵĻҲʵⱻһգʹõѪȴһɵȻֻżĿһʱһ˿ķߺ
״ϳֵıͬ죬ֻȴûһһõġŷųֻʺˮĸֳĺ䶯ⶫĳЩصĺ˵޼֮
öϵȺһɺ峤ħվ˵ʺˮĸڽѵһˣһֱֻڱصá
˵ħ裬Щƶһֻʺˮĸõó֣뻻ֻȥˡ峤ʱؿڳһֻʺˮĸĶؿ֪ضɱƽڵµֶزͨڡҽͨƤĽӴҲ˲һǿ׳غֻʺˮĸĶǿɸˣħ迪Ҳȷʵ̫˼ˡ
峤ôһ˵Ҳ׷塣
һټӺ֮ĵһǧ˵Ȼ峤ȻȻѡ֮Ҳ໥ԼгֻʺˮĸأôⱾһˡ
ħݺݵһȻ峤ߵȻ꣬һҲͶ󣬾֪һѲɿˣ֪
ȻԲÿɿյħɲҪС֮ĶȾ֮Ȼ峤Ц
һںʵʾ뼸ĺ峤ʶһ£״ĽۿΪ˲ʺˮĸҶᡣ
ͻȻ䣬һ΢΢һ飬һɱĸоӹɢͬʱľϵǿжϡ
һд󾪣һʧԭأǬŲ³լɱȥ
;һȴľϵѻָǰǰ󲻹ʮʱ䡣вûͣ½Ųûһլ֮С
Ժˮĳ̷ƻСƮ죬ߴߴò֡
үôôͻˣһسһЦʡ
һˮ˰죬ʵղûʲô°ɡ
ûаղ̷ư̺Сһֱ죬ûзʲôЩãȻػشһΪʲôôʡ
ղ֮ľϵжϣһΪˡһﲢɡԼղŵĸоԲô׷ʲôأиܵ˿ĸоϴ»صָоһüһҡҡͷүҵʶ֮֮ľϵûжϹ
һڰ֣üӿΧϸ̽塣
Ȼһյ˫ȻſƿϷĽɫ㷢һۼɼС㣬Ʊһëһһ㡣
̷СҲ˹һССĺ㣬鶼
ѿͻﵽȻȻγһ֣Բ֪ʲôˣһоĲԾȻ벻ԭ򣬵ȴŸոһЩʲô
һٴϸϸﵽһӣ˷ǸС֮ûзκ쳣һ˵ôһСС쳣пأҿ϶һħǿµʶйء
뼰ħһȻȻر˱ħݵ壬ĴѰΪ֮Խ⿪ħطӡѲϵ쳣йأ˵Ѫ֮ѱħȡߣһȻһƽԼսǴħ֮ΪʲôתƵ½أĻƾħĿǰѵһʶǾҲġ
֮汻ȡˣħһƿӡ鷳ɾʹˡ


623 ˼


ǵҹɫȻôˣͷ񷷱ǵ㣬ʯƥһ㡣֮Ӧǳҵƻ𣬽װۼʱһڳǽɽͷ΢磬һһ߿ɽΰ׳۵ĳУһһвѵĸо
ǹ磬ƵˡһźɫۼףӢǽɽͷһ̳Ʒп
ɳʲǣǻ۾壬թĪСһŽɫۼ׵ž̳֮һţһͨЦ
ɽͷ˿һ峤ħһ峤ϼһﱾཻѣƽڱٲôӵ۾װģһճʵ椶֮Ҳǰ˺ϷˡرǴǰǾʷǰᣬһͳǰ϶ˡ
ǾҪˣһǳСӦҵ֮˰ɣʧɫ١ħһ峤ɳͻȻἰһǸŮɳ˼ҹĳСˣ˵СҲˣһྐྵܹﵽֵزԺܴﵽ־һ̥ˡ
ҲǣҲ֪ϱǷġŮɳɵѾͷ׵ٶԵߵ椶ҲΪۺ櫻ڻءһ峤ҡͷֱ̾
ܱɡɳ̧ͷһ֣̾ƽٽҹ֪ܷС
ձٿӣԲһ廹ħһﶼǰ˺һЩ
ʱǻʹһרŻԹЩ԰̲ƺлɵһ塣ۺ櫣ǵһ˫Ů椶׵ٶܺɳˮҲȻУбɯСһĸŮˡ
椶Сǵڲݵϱˣۺ櫷޺ɯ죬λһһûһš
㣬椶ʲôʱſԼŸأ椶۵椶һ˽УͷŴ۾ʵ
椶ԡܿˣʱ椶ͿԼˡ椶Դο
ÿζô˵椶С죬Щί˵
һԵۺЩôˣ椶Ȼ࣬ʼղǣ︸ֻһǾһ
㣬ǲҪѹһ椶᳤׵ġɯο
ףҲ绹㡣ʱҲɯĻУĿʵ
ɯŮԺиֳһΰƺԵֵһп籩꣬ҲЩ롣
۷򸾶һۣԿԷеĸ֮⡣
һǲǺϤദض̶ʱȴǷ򸾸еʮ־Ӱ޿ɹرһҶͬ졣ֻԵλʱɯҲƺ⣬ټ椶ֻΪоһ൱ĸˡ
Ἰλӵи߹ݵ˶˼һλֺγǶһǣҶǡ
µ޺һϮ£紵źɫķ˿Ʈ칬ӡŮ֮Уû˱޺޶һĸӸˡޣ־ʹ࣬ʱȻļȥһǻҰ֣ǲֽȴʼûбͱơһŮһ󷽷һ쵽߶һҲҪãҪŮˡ
֪Ǹҹ޺޲ôһ˵ˣȴ׵ٶɳĴ򶷸ˡ˺һԶУҴҼһҲûǸ˵ˡ
޺ޡһ޺
޺תվһĨůЦһȡ
ô˯ǲҶˣ޺޵ȻһЦȡЦ˵
޺޲Ҳ𣿡գգ۾Ƥ˵
޺ȴʵ޷ϡ
޺ޣ¸ҵȥɡͻȻôһ䣬޺޵ԭء

˵ɣʵǰҾͷĶ粢һĸ顣һֱҲԸȥţǣЩһףǲҵش޺ޣκ˶ٴɫΨʱŻ¶⣬Ȼεĺܺãȴҡ޺ޣѾʮˣҲ֪ǶǴֻ֪Ȼˣ¸ҵȥɡЩ˵һ֮䱾ͿĿߵһȻ֪֮ĸ鲻ΪݣԸ޺ӱܶʹһӡ
޺޽һ۽ǻᣬŭŮʵһֱֻеڳļ֪ڲ֪¾Ȼ¸ҵȥһޱȸж
޺һ§סжԸӡ
˸ǹ֮£޺޿ʼһĶԹһһû˿
ŴͣԽԽǾȣôҲ벻侹һι´ڡ
޺ޣ㻹ʲôһֲãȻһˡ֮Ц˵
ǡ˵ԶҵĶ磬˶֪ǵ۹Ĺ̫ӣҲûа취ȫ¹޺˵
ҲŲɫ֪㲻֮ûأЦŵǵļ£бʲô£ΪʲôҪȫ¹أ
޺һ죬һĻ
ʱ򣬱ƽĺͻȻһɧ֪˭˷ܵغһ̫ӵ»ˣ̫ӵ»ˡ
һжʱը˹һ㣬ϹܿȶҴҴ崲ϱ¾壬Ь
С㣬С㣬ЬȥСŶСүϹܿѾͷǰϹдģƺһֱûб
ϹܿŻתЬӾⱼ֪жô˼һ˵ĻУĶĹ⣬ľϲб޵ڴ
һ֣һڹɫŮȫۼһ𣬶Ҳ˹
ղ˭˵̫ӻ˵ģûӵӰŭʵ
ػʺū澣ūǰ֪ͨūһʱ˷ܱ㺰˳ʺˡһŮսսع»ش


624 򻨴


ʱһ븸ŭ鷿Զ
ʹˣ˱ԽԽˣŭȨƣȨλ߷ʱȴָеįȻʢȴįȥҲֻһЩ
˵˵ʱȥѰҺ֮ǵŭֱͦűһȴһƬ顣
һҲûټ˵Щʱ顣
ŭüͷ𣬸źĴҲͣ£û뵽龹˸ӡ
ħһƷ²¾ϵҸе䲻ȴһˡһ˵˸Ѫâ
˵ǺҲǼ֮ˣСڱͱӣǧټҪõ̺ǣͼСӲľôɡŭվ鷿ȦͻȻиЦ
ǵȻ̺֮ϱҶֽţǴ⣬Ҷ˷۱һҲڰԪռڶֵǵıЦ۾
ʱ鷿Ľ紫һ󲨶
һһ鷿űһײ̫ϻſ뽣ĽݲǴ˽
СӣҲкſʮϲرǹŮ棬Ŵϵſ񣬾һŮˣûϢ
ײβȥ˵ⲻǸջ𣿡һٺЦԴ֪ϼһΪϲĲĿ֮ǵζͶֵܶˡ
ϸյйâһħһ峤һ峤ű˹һҲʮϲһȤ˺֮ǵջ
鷿ԽԽˣһŮӴҴҸ˹ߴߴ紺һ㡣
סһͷʱһϲõĽлһбһԲԲɰСѾͷ
硣һĺСǷ۵Ѿͷռһһӣ椶ֻβһ
ʱɳˮ׵ٶܻҲ鷿⣬ջ鷿ʱޱȡ
һһкۿҺȥҲСͷųڿȻһ𣬳̰
ľУ½˴ǰб쵼屴ɯиոյִ۹ŮºΣֻڣǲûȫסʹ
Ȼͨͨˣһ˹ȥԼܹϵڽһ£ƶĲԡյٿʱԼ¶һ棬棬Ȼغ֮в
ǳƾӻʹ´һŮ޲ˮĿͶһϣֻǶ֪д½ҪĬĬһԲȥֻǶ̶̼񽻽ӣǽͨ˼ĪС
á˽롣аһڴŻ塢̻ʥ뿭աʥŮ˿̣ڰ̻ڤʥŮĺغڰݹǣ챴ɯʦŷţ峤ţ۹Ů¼ΣĪ峤࣬ոսʥħѧԺ˹Ůȣˮϵħʦˮգ´½۹ľľݼݼŮʼ¶櫣Ӷӳݿ˼Сݷ
Ȼ˫壬𣬱ĽϹܿҲȻУһϵŮ˻ˣֱǽе鶼ۼһ
κʱ䣬һ֪ж˷ܣڴΣʱ̣ҲûôʱŮ鳤ˣһ룬ħƷ˵һ飬˶ԲߣԼĺƽ١
˴һرоΣԣһŪã綼ҪһƬѪȵˡ
˵Լ뷨㣬˲˽ʮǰħսҲûʲôԵİ취
˶Ҫ֪˵˵ĿŭϷʵһһڵʮǰħ֮սħƾһ֮ߴȻܾˣԿħʵκεҪǿߴϲԼߴϵ֮޽⣬ҲΪֻܿԼˡҪħȫƿӡָʵƾǵʵڿ⣬ҵǳħûȫʱȷˣĻмְաһص˵
˾Ĭãħ峤ɳڵİ취ƺĿǰΨһеİ취ֻǶħӡĵطڵ״Ūʱ弰½Ӣͨ뺣֮ǣһټħ
һ˵Ҳ׷ͬ⣬ϸˣһתۣɫˡ
˽Է׷ɢȥ֮ǰ׼ҲҪʼˣֻһԼ֮ŹϵŮӡ
װǣΪˡǹ°ڻеһͻȻŵشһÿŮ˵Сһ£ʱ
׸ף椶ҲҪ椶˵
磬ҲҪСǲʾֲסһٺЦС˾һǣôҵСأ
޺޸˸ȴ棬ǰסһ΢Ц磬ǻһĺϢҪأ׼ˣǧЦˡ
ǰǰҪҪ׼׼ĽЦ˵
ŮҲЦضһһһʱЩĪﵹڴ
ˣҵθˣʲôϢһһƨڴе̫ʦϣ˸ָ˫ڱżŮƢ㣬ֻһ⣬а
ŮһЦͲһ׷Ȳ²¿
ϢϢǽͨͨްɡһ°͵ĺŻһȦŮڴлЦ
ᣬõǲµˣҿ˵һ⻵ޡƻݷЦ
ģһһ˫ɫ۶ʱֱ̫ضŮˮû
ŮգпɻĩµĽ񣬻ɯ׵ٶɳˮǿɶһŮˡ


625 ޱ޸


ʲôϲ£һ治ұ֤ܲ³ôһ°ǰٲҪ˼һ£ԳԸ
һҳ򣬷һŮӽڴЦһԶϵǳһ㣬һ۰Ҫǻ˶ԲһЩģͲ֪ϦǺϦˡ
ӱʵڿʲôϲֵ˴ĵһ϶¶ԼһСĳһĥţһŴһ֮УһؽŲˡ
Ϲ֮ܿʱһȻһ٣ͫɲǼŴڣоһСȴǿľ񲨶ԼľңӦ
㣬ӷµˣǸģҲŲأԼɡһ˫ԵֱضϹ֪ܿѾ֪ϲˣ뼰ҪôĽͬʱޣı
ݷһЦߵãҪ֪ῪĻֻ֮ص֮ǣ֪ҪȶòŻأͲͷһԼѪ𣿡
ҧ´޺ͬ꣬ڲ½͵Ů˺ӶܴˡŮ˵һ;ͻһֽĸĶµֱӽҪһӡϹܿУû˭ĽģҶڵһֵһСղһҲ˺ܿҪغ֮ǣҲ˵ͬ߿ǶΨһһλᣬ˵Ҳʵܾûкһˡ
뵽⡣ݷһۡԭ׼ڽõ˼ѹڷǰĵر֤
ҪˣһҲжˣһȻܲеϲһ㣬޴ĺϹܿ˵ߵ̬
ҡбˡϹܿߵһǰǼ
ǺǡһɵЦͻȻһѱסϹܿתȦ
ϹܿŵɫףСȭͷ޺һϴȭҲĵ㱦һŵô죿
һĶôŵġһٺЦǴı飬һֻƵظ󡡣
ô֪һǶӲŮأһŮô죿Ϲܿһһڱ˵ĺǶӣﲻЩһŮĻ񲻻ʧ
ǺǣһĺӣǶӻŮҶһͬʡСһһǶӡһЦϹܿա
ϹܿһĵһĻУϤϢеޱȰģĬĬ㿴ĸףôĳҲһģԼؽ
˾ӵţ˾ôΧҡҸΪҵһӣҲʮ˵ҸͿģϹܿĺ˵ԼģȴҲͬǵĺӣֻΪһͬķ
ղ˭˵Ҳ˾ʹͬߵģʱ仹磬λ˺ͷһͬЪϢһһͻȻЦſڵŮʼ䣬ѵץסôһᡣһʵ̫ϧˡ
һһ˵Ů֮жʱ޺Ľ˳ȥ׵ٶɳˮɯԴŲ椶СʣµĶһй֮׵ŮˣȻˣǵҲȫߵͨ죬ǻһ̷ͬһģ֮ڵĻǴĩй´еĻᣬ˵ܹлҲڴѾãȻЩŲ
һ˷֮Ҳ´֮Уֱʩһ磬ˮϵħһųˮϵħƮڿУůůɫʶʱڸ
һĿƴŵһɨӹŮشоʼӡ
һʱ˵ĴϢ֮мžԡ
򡭡һεεػͻȻһӰһͶһĻȴ崿СֻСȻɬ徭һ֮һ賤ǰһԱ֮»й֮޲˵һʱͿֱ׷ݷˡαһССĺ촽һ紺ˮһ롣Լһ֮ͶǸѾõĻֻһʼһͱ椶Сǰռһ£ںò׵Ȳɵȫ߿ˣŲŹһܽӴĻᡣҲߣĵĿЩ߱Ե޹ؽҪˡ
ζ𣿡һεС˫Сһ
ţζ򣬽ҲءξһһǣСԴһѣΣԺĵͷǰһʶĦһš
һȻأСѾͷ˲Ҳ̲סȥ㭲࡭
ֻһɵĴһۻҵĶ׷ɣѱһֻ򣬰ļûۡ
ԲѲɬѩ׵߸̺ѩаȻ÷һ㣬ʥޱȣֻĤݡ
ѩΪΪǲ㣬һĴָϤİĽȼһȡ
ѪŵǾ޴ˮƺвΰһԳŮУһһףһ׳һС˼ĳ
Ůһ㣬ϼȻȼաһȥ˺֮ǣǽѿտգǰһ˻ãʱİǰûãǸ鶯糱һƬʪҪ˵Ȼ˫ĪһͨһܵĿͬܡ
ʱȴǰһϵ御֣ŴӺһıϸľ䱳ϡ
¶һһʶһ߻عͷǡ
´ͷ鶯̵˫Ҳп½ӭȥݷģ塭
һɲǼû˺֮УһκԼҸʹš
һֻĳƬƲʵ׺տ֮ϣǵˬ磬һ
³Ĵ½¹峿ѿţ˴Ӳ½ϹĸǡɴѾҲѵһŲˮ졣
£̫ӵһλ͢ЩΪѵضŭ
ŭЩεһüͷСӻǰ޹˺ߵķ֡޷ֱԽҲƫСŮô֪࣬Ҫʲôʱأ


626 ػص»1


ǵĿĻѾӶʱⶼˣһȴȻںһڶϱ״ŭλʱѵͲٵȥˣλ峤Ϊأ
һħһļλѲͷˣλ峤һӣͷͬ⡣
Ѿ죬ŭΪȷһƪ˵˵һ²½ͳһֿ֮ϲ仯ٲڲ½е壬ɿֱõѪڣΪΪһ۹˸еޱҡţŭ㽫ռøһ弰ħһˡ
λڻ᳡࣬һһɫĽɫۼףһһɫĺɫۼףЩûĩСͣݶϿա
ļô尡һ˷ܵصɴ۾ֻʱֵˡ
ʵ̶ںˮɵ顣Щ̵峤ϲ̫⣬֣ѾټϺƽٽٷȥк档
ħںΪ˲ʹ̫ŭ˹ŭҪһϵԼԴγˣһԽŻԲ½ͳελﵽ塣⣬½һĴ½ҲڼУ½ۣ˻Ὣи϶Ըغƽ١
ֱħ峤ͳһһˬص˻᳡
һڲ½嶼ߵһĳ̶ȡν˲֪˲ҲΪż񣬺ܶ˶ĳѵ˷صزʱȺ֮оسߣĸһ°׳ɫͷԺĵһƬ֮˵עתϡ
һƮ̨һӺȣڶģ޷ġ˫һѹ᳡ֱѻȸ
һɤӣ˵һͨ˵丸һɵżҳһ㣬ȴ˵˹һ䣬һΨֺ֮䣬ڻʹĴħ֮˱䶯Ů֮ͨħص˺֮ǡ
ʱк嶼ںʹǰĹ㳡չʾ۶ȡõıһˮ͸顣˲γʮ޴ĺУΧǧֲһڤħϵõǰѺɫ޽ӴԸѿռ䣬κմȫöǿİλ峤ڶӲ棬ɼ֮
һصլʱ峤뿨ڣǱ̷СΪ˷ܵӭ
үǰѶһˡһ¸硣Сױ˷ܵضһ˵
ʲôһɻʵ
̷һ죬һɢϽâʯͷƮһǰ
ϽʯһٺһЦӹϽʯں޴رںﺣѾ˶Ժ˵޼ֻ֮һû̫ںΪϽʯļֵҲˣȻʯںû࣬Ӵֹܵɡ
㽫Ͻʯռָһӡһû̫⡣
ү½һжðɡ̷ʵ
ͦãûսǵһһáѾʼˣ߲һһʱ䡣һЦ˵½һͳ֮󣬸֮ĩйǢûȵƫ½ھ÷ϻħо϶һǧĽ㿪ʼ١
̷ƺСһһű̷ƵĴȱ۾̷ưͷС˫ţ˲ò̾һķǷ޸
ãһͻȻ۾תԽԽòˣΣҵûصʥ֮صĵ»̽һ̽
һȥɡ̷ƺСͬʱ
Уһȥˡһҡҡͷ
̷СĬȻȷʵǵʵ̫ȥ˿ܻΪһظ
ˣ˹ؽأһǶ԰ܣƺ۶ûǽˡ
ˣ˵Ҫϲдذ塣̷˵
һͷǰʥ֮Ҫĺ˵һ£Ůɻǵ»֮汻ħȡûüֵѾͷܻܲŶǸ⡣


627 ػص»2


ʹľ͹㳡ϣɫ彫ӵУ㳡ϷǺʼʵΪǿİλ峤峤ħҲȻС
һź켣Ⱥ֮Уͺɫ޽ȤǿҲޣҪͺһط»ص顣
һüɢ΢΢ںͷһ£ֻú彩˽˫Ŀһڵĵط漴ָ
ħ峤ʻЩҪͽˡβס㲴üĿй¶дŵˡ
ħһ˿ȻǺЦ¾ȥͽҰɡ
ʵͷ뺣ʹУǱӰһ˿ɣ
ħ裬СôˣʲôıɡԱȻ峤üͷʵ
ħЦ֪ʹһʥ֮һĵ»أȻ𲻹ҲǰһֱøĺʺջûסһغˣԺʵľٶҲǿġ
һ֪ħ룬Ժʵݼ¸Ͷءһ˵ħǰӦ֪ħ谲̽ߣں֮λôãôʡ͵ĵأ
ʹУһŶеƷŹŮζģһı顣ĺʲһеࡣܲޣʱŹͬ͵ˣҲֻʱѹˡ
һұʵк£ʳʵǲαװѾʶƣҲûҪװȥˡ
һб˺һۣٺЦʰʣ֪⺣ʵλӻˣٹã嶼ҪȷѪˡ
һȫȻʵô˵
һһѩУͻȻࡣҲµûӡħѾõȡ֮ĲϣֻٹþҪƷʱľǺ塣
ʲôĺѾˣҵŮǡʺȻվӢŤš
һһһŮǽţֻԼӶɱһŮ۰Ҳ޵ý
ʥ֮صĵ»̽̽ʱϣټоб䣬ǱΪǿʱһ༰֡һ˵
˸õͷáΨ֮Ҳֻˣħȡ֮飬Ǿʵָ
һЦЦ⺣ʻе۹⣬峤ħϣסһʱ䡣
Ȿ֪ħ費֪ôʱ˺⣬ֳǸ֮ˣһײϡ
󡣲ûʮְջǲҪúáҪȻһʥ֮أͻø鷳һ˵
һû
ΪԤһһںʹĵ»һħԼЯһħħᣬһ²ΪֱӴͻ
һЩںȻеʱһȴһĵ뿪ˡ
ʥ֮صĵ»أصĽЦλεεС㡣λС㳤ʮˮ飬ӸոշΣǺŵͣǲʤߵģֱýͣСץץǸСظ
ͷڻصĽţʥ֮»һĶֵػ˵㣬ǰ峤ħڣơħˣΪΪǺ幫ãСܲݰɡ
쵰һүҪ㡣ͻȻͷڰʹӣħ轫ɵĽȥ̣סСٵһСʵʹ
عһСѩ׵ظһϵӡ
˵裬ΪˣҪϧ֪𣿡ڴʱһϤص٩ڽĶ
跴Եعվ𣬻ͷһһһ˿аЦˣ蹧ֱԱС㾪Ŀɿڴ
ˣö񡣡һ̴̵ڽǺʯ֮ϣƳһС㣬Ҳûж˵ʲôǸ壬ܶ඼ǿѰ󱣻ȻǳԼɫŮĸԸ̷ڽߣҲûɶ£ȻԷҪбľ
㣬һԵȴһʻ
幫أһʵ
ˣǰ峤ӡŽˡ
һüһ壬Լǲĸоûдˣ⣬幫ߣħʮа˾Ѿڿʼ֮ˣֻǲ֪ǳɫĺ幫ûС
»ûʲô쳣Σһʵ
룬ͷʿӿ࣬ԷƺҲЩ̫һˣﲻһҲ˵
һ˼ָнʯʱ档
裬ȥڵͬʱĽ£ã˵д·һȻ̧ͷȴŨҵɷ
ǣˡ͵һԥػش
ڽĴ֮£һؽ˽ǳĻƺɫͨʣǧϢ˾أƺ߽һͨԶŵĴţһǳǳĿ̺ǺХõħݺĶħѪȾء
һһ˦˦ͷֵĸо˦ԴһѸʧͨľͷ
һεľһ׾ٵسرͨ
Ǿ޴еĲ㻷֮ϣ°ΪūĸĶ֮æµţʱ۵ĸɲĺ屻·Ĺħ
һΣһûٸоļµĿӣⱾӦһģﷴȴеĲ
֮ڳ޴ӣм֪ͨǸʲôģϴһҴִҴߣϸϸ̽һ
һһͨһ̽ͨһ뿪ʯңֻʮشƨ죬ǹЩĵط
һҪ뿪ȥһͨʱ̸ȴס˽Ų


628 ټ幫


幫Ѻ͹ģû͵ռˣ椶ˮû˵һЩͨһʯд
ĸҰ˾Ա߿ţһٸҲҶֶŰ˵ǹϵζ涼Ӳܣ˯һҲֵðһ𣬼Ц
Сľ͵Сľ򣬺幫ɧõģ迴ôãɫסҿοҪ贩ЬˡһٺЦ
⵹ǣ˴ÿģҪȻô幫ԼأǿǹЬҲֵˡΪС̾
˺ˣ𳶵ˣûֵˣҪСҪˡһص
ʯ̴һ󶣶һ̤
һڰо˸һ̽滹һûгвɰϲ룬Ѹײڶ֮Ϣϡ
û̫һؿе֪֮һ󡣽ĲӸŤϣͨѷĵط
һʯڵϢѰڵͨ
Ϊ弸ʵȨĽ֮һסǺ࣬ұȭͷСϻиɫɺ׺еûкˮغ硣
ʱڣͨһ֮ûˡ˭ҲϲǱ»ɡ
һɽſͨϷָϸţëغľߣȻҡڵӻɴ۾ǰһӣغٺһЦ
ͨĽ磬һмڹˣƾרƽԣȻʵ׾ٵرڿһС
ʱ幫ɯüտɫŽô᲻֪תƵ϶Ŀġ⼸ƾ޹ʵĻ˯ƺʧȥЩʲôȴôҲ벻
޹ʵأǸ࣬ģȴ˸еĵЦݡ֪ԼҵûУֻ᲻Լأ֪ǲܵأǸôðŴݾߵΣԼأĵȻôһ
ɯСںʹУȨġסΪλߡֻ㣬鰮ֻǸˡһ棬鰮ʱԱĸˣǸֻһ֮Ե͸˵˰ɡ
ʵɯ˽ĲûȴһһλߣȷʵǸһͬڵˣʹκֶζù֡ǲܵ˺һɯĸűʵ𡣿˵Ѫ飬Ҳ˵ԣһìܵۺ塣
ˣ£𣿡ͻȻһͳϷʵɯĶ
ɯȻΣϵؾϲһ漴ҡҡͷһ̾ΪղԼزǻþǸôܻأ
һվɯüëһϲ˭֪ѾͷȻһ㷴ӦûУʧ
ιιҲ˳԰һεɯ硣
ɯһȻͷտӷ𲻸ŵʡ
㡭㡭ɯӣһƬհףһʱ˵
ô˿ǡιŮڲװһٺֱЦĩ˵꣬ɯһԾ˫۽Ĳϡ
ɯ§һҲ֪ΪʲôԼôʧ̬ѾҪˣҪһ˿һ˲ʵΪ幫Ա˶ҪǿҲһֱôĵݣȻ飬ûһ־ֻֿ־屻ҴߵĺԵˡ
һоǯƵֻۣﲻɿЦôͨ˲ӶɷĩˡֻǼĺ幫էʱַӦĵҲɷһ˿ϧ
ãɯһһ˿ǽϼ
㡭ôɯоһ̣ĩйðβѹסʵ
ˣˡһɯ˵ģɶŪ
ɯһûнӻʵظɾתΪƽֻӨȻһĨ̺졣
ﲻǾ֮أϾͻ㻹߰ɡɯʰɫһ
ȸ˵˵ɡһϾɯϢʯϣû˿ĵġ
ɯ죬վȰ˵ȥһμһ֪һͨˣ¾յӣȻΣյ£Լԭ򣬿ԼЩȸԾ
ɯЩԼһкޱ˵һ
һˮˮָнߵʯصɣһߵļ䣬ǧٹֵ˼ɯɰ档
ʵһһ㶼ôƽɯټģָͨͨĿܣħпѾõ֮Ĳϣֻˮ֮Ҳûô򵥰ɡ
˼תǧأһͨõĸӦħĲѡ
ˡһ˵
ǡô죿ɯЩŵ
ȻˡһٺЦţĺһ˿â
֮ͨ⣬һѲ߻һȥϢ㾶ֱ˱縲ǵ֮ͨڣﻹϲͨ򷸴ŵٰͦñֱֱȲ䣬Լ̵ֲɽ״̬˿ԼĴǺܲġ
մմϲĳŶȥǧĵĺ幫ܶ˶Ϊ̰ͼɫŽԼסߺߣȸ֪֮־ݹǣᱻɫԡ
ʯңú幫ɯһƽʯϣҲûһ㷴Ӧ
£֪Ϊʲôû𣿡ɯɳƵʵ
ʱһֻڻһʯҶ˵һһ㶣İ˻ԼûһЩôĶ
ɯһûж֣գۼ뷨


629 ̺


㱡֮ǲ˵ķۣҺܺǼȻϵõҪĶΪλҵԡɯתͷһƽ
£ܴʮǰ˵ˮֻĴŲŻɫҲ㶵ȦӣֻҪ㽻̺޵ħϷұ֤ñ㵱Ҫ󡣡һ˫˫ĿĹâɯЦ
ɯһ𣬾裬һʱ˵
ʯҶ˵һ۾һУ̺޵ħˣʲôɯı飬ʮа˾ġ
˵Ǵ˵е̺ޣҵĩ˵ʲô̺޵ħˡɯָܿƽ˵
£ҼȻôʣΪһ᲻֪𣿱˶֪Ǻһˣȴû֪ħš
һɱ˵ţɯͻȻ̧ͷе
һ͵غˣһ̧ͷ;׹һһָͷüģһõӰʵһ˭أ
ࣿ費սĽ죬ɫʵҶüָͷӴľֻҪ춯ԼԴͻᱻ÷顣
һͷζƳɯһۣͻȻһ֣һڵĽ罫ɯ
һþס裬ƿָĵʵ裬˵˵ʲô̺ޣħˡ
ֱֱһ˻ΪʲôҪ㣿
һһߵʯϣٺЦѡ裬ȽǴǿˣҲҰġֻ̺޵峤ħҲ֪ɡ
ɫһ䣬һĿһ˿壬಻ʵֲҴƾԼͺ幫Իɲ³˼ʼΪǺͺһġ뵽ոպ幫УͲôǺ˵ˣô²幫ǲԸ֪̺޵飿
ôʵ
裬ȸҶ»֪٣һЦʵ
Ƿ峤֮ʿĵطľͲҵȨ֪ˡش
Ǻǣ裬㿴ôúŪħ趼֪̺޶̽һ»ʲôè᲻֪һòĻȴһصĶߣǳªԴһ
ӺļعԴһʹֶΣɡԼʧȥԣԥԼʧ
籾ǿΪҰĺܴ󣬵ʱȴҲò߰ͷ­
峤ħѳΪħһ»ǱӡħʿĻأڶǰҵõ幫ʱұ֪ħѾȡ֮Ĳϣʱħȫȫ֮顣˵
衣Ӧ֪ħһƷ綼֧飬Ϊʲôѡħһħһءһʵ
ǻһĨײе΢Цǵħһҧ˵ĹҲǻ£ֻħҪڶ˵һƷ屻ɾк˼
һٺһЦǻһĨػߣȻˣΪβҵһõܶòģܵܶǰܲء
迴ʵĪ࣬һ𣿡
裬ҵһǸ߿һۡһüһƴʶмΧһתɫâź嫵ħ޾֮˲ԼһǰһҳôС
һ־ᶨˣǺʵġֻƵǺεǿ־ֻԵһ±ʮǰħսߴѾ֮޿ɾҩˣħһƷϸ֮Կȴ뼯һϣѾ˼άΧ˵һҲɣһħΪһǺεȷ⡣
־һ壬˳ˣʶѾһ㲻ӡǣӴ֮һһһ͵Թ
һ̺޵⡣
ԭ̺һִ˵ܽ󺣶ûĹޣнֻƬ󲿷ֹ̺޵Ĵ˵Ǹڿഫ
ʵ̺ȷʵڣûд˵еôšһصֻʮ׳ºͣʳˮΪȺڴĳ䣬̺޾ܴ󲿷ʱ䶼ڴУȴɷ裬ؿɱܣǿȴ
ȴ֪ʴٵ̺ޣ幫ز¶ħţܹħϿħħ˱̺޹
һüһ壬̺޵Ĺжǿûƾ̺ˮ½ȥ˲ˣٶһЩǿһɲС
ڴʱһԺͻȻòӣƺЩҪ֮һţʵȴֻʣһƬյ
裬֪ħӡĵطһüҡҡͷʵ
ˣҵĵ飬ħʮа˾Ǳӡںɭ֮¡
ɭ֣ǿ¾ĵ̡һ
һ¾ħı塣˵
һͷһʵʲôƾݣ
֪˷ûУ⴦»ʿĺֶǴҾҵ̽飬»ֻħȨͨķƺǺɭ֡
ô˵ħпܾ¾ˡ裬Σ㶼øҵħӡ׼ȷλáһһУػص»عЩջ
ǣˡ蹧˳ȥˡ
һʯȦһֽǲڵĸջأ幫ɯɫЩ԰׵˹
ÿ˶ܣҲ⣬㲻֪ҲпԸֻһһô죿ı߱޵ĸҲضðһٺЦţҡŵɯͻȻԼǲֻ̣ѾͷһɤǷŭ
˵ҵʱѲȥҸɱģҺɯտ۾ƵĶһ


630 ռ֮


Ų㣬㸸Ϊˡһ˵ͻȻһ£˵㸸Ϊƭȡҵı̺ǲϧɱԼӣֻ뵽̺ͻȻһ˿
̺ǣǱ̺ǣΪ˱̺ǺԼӵʧ˺ʹбǰһһֱ׺Ҫ̺ǾʲôΪʲôֵ˴ۡƺˣ̺޵ħϵħ󣬿Ҫ̺ṩĳЩ̺޲Żṩߡ
ʵ˵ĻһЦк˷۱
Ҳšɯһ˵ĩ׷һҪ˵ʲôǲ򲻸ҰɡЩɬΪ֪һ֮ѺռһʱٵĸоȻһΡ
һʼ磬һ̾ܺʴʲô⣬ʱҪԿħ
ڴʱͻȻҴ˽ˣħˡ
һͫһǸʲôԵģסħԼǰŸյž͸ˣѲǺʹءһܿƷ뷨СȻǸʱ¶Լûκκô˫Ҫ̣ɵԻٳǡ
裬ȥһҰʿվԱߡһԸ²ħҴҸϻĿġ
ǡˡӦ
ɯһΪˣ鲻֪ΪЩӣЩ⵫ƺ֮С
һаźãħѾ˵»صĽ
峤ôôͻˣ˳𣿡ӭȥʵ
ħ迴Ҳûŵʿͷ˳ֻðնᱦ˵⣬Ժ˵һЩ飬㲻ùˣӽЩʿºܿҪóˡ
ǣ峤蹧Ŀħתݣֻħʸ֮ͨڡ
裬˵ħȥͨǲǿֱҵӡħأһʵ
ˣҲҿ϶ʮа˾ħйء
ȥͨڡһԸ
һǲתķݣʿȻ죬°ĸūΪظŻʱ֧ū£ල·ðŹâħ
ʮķݡָǰһĶڵˣħǽͨǿظӦ磬춯ͻᱻħ跢
㲻õģа취һ˵ħʱһ󵨵ؽϣͶħǲѵʶȫȫ֮飬Ͼ˼ڿĶˡ
һľħ֮ϡħͨʱһ־ס˶Ľ磬ġڴʱֶΣûд繹ɵĸӦģħǺ֪顣
һ辪к谭ͨͨһֲħϵؾ֪λԼжԶ
ͨôڰÿʮ̫ԶԵʣЩĹâԵЩҰףĳЩֲƬΡ
һصħ󣬷ͨĳ˲ٵʱ
Сʱ֮һͻȻָӦħϵľвһλΪһ̰㳯ǰƮ˹ȥ
סǿռţһͨͷɫĹ૵ֿռųħսϷֹǵһطֻϵؿռҪ֪ܿռûơ
һ̽شһ£ָոսӴɫعΣ˱㱻˽ȥǰһһڳźˮĴغҶ֮У֪δ͹ұϵյһ塣
һһǰһΣưѹұڣصָʮϤüͷһ˼֮С
ͻȻ䣬һȭͷұһصָܹˡʱܺͿڴԽɭʱ˺׶ǶϵĴоָоԲǴΪĶµħ󱻴͵ʥ֮ء
ѵ˵Ǻɭ֣ħﶨǼħˡһ룬һ㻮ˮ
һҵٸӵĺҶдУ԰ռ䣬ȴͻȻָӦħϵľ


631 ¾


һһϲϢѰǾ񲨶˹ȥ
ƣһħԽԽٶȴȻ
̫Ծһ૵⺣ҶоǸо¾Ϣѵ˵ǸһͲڴˣֻӦݲǴһɡ
һת䣬Ȼ̧ͷͷһֻҶ˵ʯ䶯ţĵһ۽Ƕʱһ鴤
ԭˣԭˡһĿ⣬Ūôˡû´ʱ¾ڣЩƵνҶʵԭڵĳЩ״ͨܿڱӡԭˣһЩȴûܵӰ죬Ȼܹ磬һ䶯ʯڣǴճĲ֡
һҲǼ߷˵ˣƽѰǾ񲨶ȥ
ãһһխĶͣ̽ͷȥ龰Щɵۡ
һ޽ľ޴ǻ壬ʺɫǻΧǰֳĿڱպţÿһһСС桰ʿĴԴԴϵġ
ǻаæµţǽһˮ֮УȻ󴣷һԣƴﵽһ˻ص»ʿ
һɨһȦоħУȴӰ
һü˼Ե޹ʵôħͲأþȥ̽һ̽һħʶעɾ鷳ˡĿͻȻ˻ȥڸһȫĹܵʼôħӺʳǽǸħ
ú֮һһ£ֻҪ㾭Ҳֲôһεħڡ
һоһѰǻ֮һħᡣʼС̽˽ȥ
һؾӴǻʱħϵľʼӦһԺлûһͼħ΢عڵϡǰһƯŵŨīӰ
õͼֻһţһѾһ亹ؽ˻붼ûųеĴħᣬϢʧԭءһθոʧһɨ˹ϰ룬һ¾Ҫˡ
ʹĳһħͻȻһӰȻħУǴ¾ӳһ
ΪԷһһʥ֮ǰںʹһħڹȻóħ뺣ʳǽǸأֻ뵽ħëȻʶһ·ħʶر׷ٵ˺ʳҲûϵֻҪǸǻʹħķûб־ˡ
һôͻˣмҵŮɯһ㼱ʵ
һûб˺һۡ£ҪһͣΪʲôħƨɺصʥ֮صĵ»أŮȻ˵
ħ˵м£Ҫôס㱻ˣɫһ䣬ʵ
ӦûûУ£û̫ʱˣ㽫ﰵ׼ðɡ¶һǱȷˡһ˵
㷢ʲôˣʹеʵ
Ѿҵħӡĵطȫȫ֮ԽӡƷһɲǱһ𷢶һսȭͷȴǼƽħҪ⿪ӡľ޴ʵҲۿۣʱ򹥻õʱ
ʵͷࡣ
ˣŮɯҼˣͦ󣬺óԺôر̺šһЦ˵
ǾͺãǾͺáһҲһ΢Ц
£мҪΪɯһֱΪ׵ڻΪԼĲ̵ظࡣһһھεı飬֮Ա
ǳ鴤һ£뽫ĽթʬˣֻڱţöԸħôĥСӡ
ŶУɯһ²֪Ϊθӱˣﺬ˵ʲôʲôޣʲôħ֮أһʱû壬ʱͲ˵ˣ֪֪˵ʲô𣿡һҡͷ̾
ʺĿһ²һ֪˶١ʮŮɯԸ񣬾Ὣôܵ˵ȥģֻ׵֮ѱ¶˵ڷ硣


632 


һû뺣Ͼȥֻôһºʣɹûӹ
Ϯĸϸڣϸһһ飬嶼ǼʵͼһЧ
һûһ˲½ǱߵĸȫҲ֪ħƷ֮ʲôһ˵
ȻҲϣƽ֮ʱ򲻿ɲ˽һӲض˺һ䡣
һúʹΪӵĽֵ˲٣֡˵ǣһȫӹںǿƺв٣˫ű󣬺Ϣĵ̬ˡ
һȥլ̷ƼСףһ״ҲգҴҸȥ˳ǽϿõħٴδ͵˺ɭǱӡ¾ڣȻСѰʱ·طռ֮Żصͨʿ׳öڵĸӦ磬ڶڵظһ
һ֮Իصʥ֮صĵ»أҪԸ裬ƫƫסһħ󡣶ðӺʥ֮أѵʱҲ̫ࡣԲŴ¾ԭ·ء
裬ҿܺˣûаտƵͨͨɱˡصסһ۾Ը
ˣ˵صҵţʹɱҲû˭һüͷŵ˵
ǾͺáһٺЦţŵ۾ɱ硣þû˳嶯ĸоˡ
ˣ׹Ҫôãָű뿪ɯ˵
̺޵ħϷʽǺǣԺ˵һЦţ۾ȴûаЦ⣬ʴ̡˵Ϊأ
סʯһħȻǰ֪衣
߳סͨһһѺŰǰԥؽȫ˵ɢâĹħ
һͻȻס˽ŲоԼһҪ顣
裬ħǸʲôõأΪʲôЩħ󣿡һüʵ
ˡħоħһЩӵʵĺϵħȡش
ħֱħһȻһʵ
֪ҲӦ
֮ǰҪһŲɵĿΪԤһħ
ǣˡ蹧
֪֮һͨħصϿĴͷһ׹ٴλصǡ
ѽβħһ廹һ嶼ԭȵĳƺͳΪ塣Ҳûħ֣֮һЩںϵϸڷҲ㵽
׽½ħеȫ½ĸּ׶ƼǣһЩӶϹҲ١
һصʱŭһŮۿħһؾȥˡ
ò˵ȫ½ħ뷨ľݹ·ʦߣû˭ϲġεħ᲻꼶棬гѾǰ֮ĽϾΪħὫд½˭µһıǰ۹֮ûĸٰôһȫ½ħʢᣬŭˣûλ뱻˲ڽŵ£δǿǰ֣μڣ࣬嶼иֲμӣⳡعģжӴ
ʹ֮ڵһ԰һϮµŮƮȻվͤУʵ˿ϸϣңֵ޹ء
Ӵ֮ҵļҾļҡȻأŮԺֳ︡һƬ޼ʵĻçԭǸǼᶨ˵
ļ
ӥɵٸߣкӵĵطǼңŮߵԶеĵطǼңҵļңġ
ŮӻȻΣֽߵ˿૵ûĲǼңû˫ֻ޸ĸƼ
˫㡣ʱһĺ
˫˲ָ䣬תӶӰľľݼݼá
ľһɫϱȹװľݼݼһǻĺɫװһ߰һ
ѾˣҲ֪´½սˣ۹ɻڣʿɰã
½ĺƽٽһԹ˲Ͼпȥܲ´½۹Ĵĳ˵ȴƺַǷȴĲ䡣
˫ʧ֮ǳģʥ´½۹ʥһֶһģһľ̺ǿ϶ʧ֮ǵ˾ǴӲ´½ģֻÿ˫ǵ˵֪Ҳ֪
𣿡˫ʵ
ľҡҡͷܿǶȥˣҺݼݼֻĴתתպÿҲ⣬к
˫ͷûȻͤ˿ЩһһУͬһܳһ㡣
˫㣬һ˰ɡľݼݼ
ҵһС˫һ˿飬ƺ˵һϵĻӴ֮ͽ˫˫˫
ҲҵһУľ૵
Ůû˵Ե˼֮УΧƵȴǸ޸һˡ

ͻȻ䣬˫סԼؿڣƻƵɷżʡ
亣ʯã׺ɣҵֻΪһ˶
һ˫Ϊһϼϸ֮УѰصĸӦһ³ոʵӰС
˵һһ޶ɶ˵Ľһ𣬶˫˵ֺ϶Ϊһڣȴǧİ
һӵ˫ͷ㷢ͤеľľݼݼá
ḷ̌һԾǷ࣬Ů˶İκһŮҪ٣ӸԼԼӡǸԼԼ
أӵôɫգһԺ㣬ֻֻһ˶ȴܶ࣬ʱ˼ɲܾúΡ
ã˫һ̧ͷƿÿ˻˵һߣֻҪоͬѾ㹻ˡ
ľ̳һһЦ
СŮӼ̫ӵ¡ľСŮ˰һǹһ˵Ļȣƺֻصǰ֮ŵУһ̣Ҫôܽһ뵽۹æֻҵǰָоôĶݡ


633 Ѫ˼


ںɽͷңһֻ˵ǸҪħһѵʱᣬľ̽Ҳ⡣
ȷʵľ̺⣬һֻĩᣬֻ߾˵ЦЦݶеƮɬ
ϸ࣬ɫǻ谵һ˫Ů´˺һǾǰ½ݹۿľ
ǿֵ̨֮ϣҴ򶷵οۻңûжĹâֻдļ
ףĽݲϲҲϲһһ۱㿴̨֮һ˱ǽĽݲ֮ȶһûĸͷɽеλˡ
Ϊʲôöľݼݼһʵ
һͷҲǴﵽ񾳽ĸˣǶö˵½ݣǶҪΪһѷ棬ڱȶǴһشüͷ΢΢һ壬ó˵ʵӦƾУֻ˴Ŵƺ˻ʽһбһ׺ݣȻûö磬öҲɱˡ
ȻһĻո˵꣬Ǹͷһо޽һСֱĽݵࡣ
Ľݲһо޽㽫ֵĽο˳һбֵز
һǸͷһὣʮֿۿסĽݲľ޽
λ첱ӴֵؽϾȻһ죬˵ľ޽ͬʱѡĽݲռ˱ˣϽȻĵǸͷĲͷһץסĽ⣬ֱĽݲѣۿܾ˵ĺйۿ˶
ϯϵſŭҲľҪˡҪ֪λ񰡣̨ǿʧ
ʱֻһӰ̨ϵǿ羹綹һ飬ֻһĽݲͷɫ԰׵ؼ˼ڴڵشŴ̨վһ°׳һͷڷĿꡣ
̫ӵ£̫ӵ¡̨ϵعڶ
̫ӵ£ҲĶ֡ҿµһλøҪȣ̫ӵ±㵱̨֮˴еӦڡ
һڰ֣üӴľһšڶʱѹѹڣ᳡ڣ½ڣ˭µһĿǰ˵Ҫ½ƽٽ֮˶ͬǵˡ֪Ǻܶ˲ţҿԸظǣҵĻΣƽٵľרǽ󡣡
ǻʹڣ½Ͻеŵиֶ뼯ڴˡŭרŵǽⳡƽٵʼĩ
ʱһȴڵ֮Уʮ࣬Χȫεˣһ˵ȣӣţҲС
Ѿҵħķӡ֮أҲҵ֮СҿħƷǵƷһɲǽ𣬷罫һѪȵһüͷе۾˸
Сӣ˵ôôɣǼ½뺣ħĽݲ˵
һ㽫뺣۳İŲøһ飬Ҫħһɱ
ԽԽҲȫ
ֱҹиȫŪô£ΧżۡǸû뵽ʮǰħս˲ңߴ䣬ħӡƬش½³ԻͲõ
ףŵʲôûСһϵħʦε˾ߵˡ
Ա߼ԽʱӣִӴⴵĿһɵѪζ
һ˵˶ҿеѪζԽԽŨ
ſڣŷƮҡħҫǺȻǰĴ꾹Ѫɫ
һˮϵħʦħһӣһɫˮƮǰһʦˮϵһ£һţŨѪζ
ɫɣħʦǷ׷׷ڿУħ£˶ˡֻðƮŵһѪɫƶ䣬ѪɫĴشн
ң񽵣Ѫ˼䣬Ʋ񷡣Ѫ˼䣬Ѫ˼䣬𣿡һһƬѪգͻȻСԤԣһһ顣


634 򺣵֮


һѪ꣬һֱµʱʼͣЪеѪҲɢȥֻŵǿѪζѪһˮ
գ½һƬֻ֮С콵Ѫ꣬ǿĩյװһЩŶ˵
ŭܿ췢˹˵ֹҥԵɢ˵콵Ѫһѧ߷׷Ϲʼ԰һЩһǿͳһһá
ǻʹһḧϹܿû͹ĶӣظӦһѪ
Сӣͺúô׶ɱϹڰӵʤٺúȡһٺЦ
ҶأҪȰϹܿЦʣɢһĸԹԡ
ҵСܿȣɲСôһЦ
ᡣϹܿȭͷҵһϣȴǼڣ֮ǰҪǿϼ֣֪ǰ¿ΣյʱɲһЦűϹܿĽŮӣǳĽС㡣ŵϹܿʱҰӼͷѵСӣͷһпˮ
һ̾Ϲ̧ܿͷʡ
һ㽫һ˵ϹܿһЦ˳һĿˮ
ǰһôȥǻǸСأڶɽˣһ㡣ϹܿЦ
áֻҪպڣһҸġһϹܿĶͷ
͵´档ŭ˹ˡ
εš֮վˡǲ½һһĸ֡
һߵ̨֮ϣ·ε񣬹ϵش콵Ѫ꣬ĩյסҪΣնɱѿ֮УħƷڼûеӸȥһϻƨɡ
ʲôңħ񣬺µĻ̥ȥһﵽʥ˴
ǺǡϻҲùԹԱһֻè
̫ӵ£˵զզӶ޼һüͷث֡
·˼鿮ԣһЦЦȻҶ£ǾҰţһһӴ͵֮ǣʱ˭Ӣ˭ثſ
ȥ֮ǣͬȥţܰԣӶ֮Īԣ˫˿̣޺ޣˮգģ壬ȣʦŷ峤ɯһŮȥ˴룬ǶʵȺ»Ҫ۹Ҫھѹ
ȥ֮ǣ˽㡣ͻȻ⴫һöһŻѣ米޹Ů˽ȴһֱ֮õĺӡ
ԭǽ㣬СѰþöûϢһʱĺӣеһϲӭȥЦ
ܵûϴ̫ӻûѽˡӿһЦظһ󶶶ֱΧӿֱۡ
˵ʧ˵Ѿüˣڳ˳һЩӵڲ½ˣһŮΪSӶ˽ֵ
Ӷ֮ĪͬΪSӶٲһ
ҺҲҪȥһӵ𣬴ž׵¶׾ŮŮϱŵĳǴʧ֮һĴȻ̾Ϣ
¶櫣Ů£Ϊǲˡһס¶櫵С֣۷ɿɨ˾ŮһۣǴ֮ɫþŮһ
һ¶ɰؾ鹫˵ϼ黰ŵ椴һסѶһཱུСŮ׼ȫֶѵ룬ٲ׵ٶܺˮɳˣѾ˵۷Ҳ
˵룬ѪڵսģŵʿųжڻʹڵĴ㳡ΪһĸֽС
үҲҪȥСᶨһ
Ȼ˵ѻ϶ħȡ֮ĵĶΪԷһ㻹°ɡһ㷢˵
ǡ

Ŷ
˺ȹǽоƣˤڵأ˷ܻصһ޷˵ڹ͢ħʦĴôħĴ
ħ󾭹һһοɴͰˣʹһҲҪ͸β㹻һɵ룬ǲһɴ˵ħԺడ뷨ǺõģҪһħֱ̫ܣħ϶Ҫ侫ȷһħҪٱôıҲҪٱĹɲ˸ɵġ
һ͵֮ǵһĸ֡
һú֮ħĵطľ޴󳡣ݸһ˲ѡ
⺣֮ǹȻ档Ľݲͷϱ뿪տˮζĸֺ̾
ͷǵħٸ̾ɣȥ뺣ʽӸͷ⿴šһĽݲ˵
½ĸڴħһ׹ʱһںʹ뺣һ
½ĸˣʵ
Ȼ֪²õôˣһʡ
һ֣жһͼͼϵǺ֮ǵĵͼ㿴⼸ֱ壬޾Ȼĵ̣ʱһҵ˻⼸ֱΧأڸĺ壬һһ·ǣơ
£ʥ֮ҵĿ֮Уǵ÷ֱǴһָʥ֮صĵ»һֿͨõĴֱӽ룬ͨͨǰɭ֣ݻħı塣һָָʥָָɭ˵
ãǾô죡ʵͷͬ⡣
ȥǵĸ֣Ҳ찲źðɡһ˵ת߳ҡ
һıӰʧǰͻȻһЦ˫ĿһƬ֮ɫֻһţһű̵ĹŴзɳƮǰ
һΪʲôԹԽ̺أʵĻʺɣʵıգñʸζأ૵ָ϶ű̺ƮһâԵʮɭ
һ߳ңӶ˶һ˿Цݣܿʧںʹڡ


635 ħ1


һ˺ʹӱ㻺ϸϸ˼һլӶȥ
һ峤̸ãǵ̸һЩʲô˵֪֮ҴҼ˱̷Сһ棬ϻغʳķ󳡡
ʱķ֮ѼһƬѹѹͷһ½֣ڴûе֮ǵ˵һжԵô档
̫ӵ¡һʶʶĸǷ׷׹شк
һһַΪ֣һǱʥ֮صĵ»ŻǧұУһһħڣƿӡһɲǶйЩһҪĸ֣ұɣһֱʣµˣȫ뺣ɭ֣ħպı塣
ź֮һŵ1ֵһǧͨħ󵽴ʥ֮صĵ»ء
裬»ûʲô쳣ɡһһǧֺϲЩʿ֮к衣
ˣħ֮ͨ˼Ҫˡش
һЦЦħƷ⣬ħǵħж
衣»ظҿغãһҲвһ
˷ģƴҲҪ˽񡣡豣֤
һͷ˿ȻæòֺħԾüͷﲻ֪ΪЩ˵Ķɬ֮С
صסһͨħ󼴿̻صǿ󳡣סĺ幫ɯ⿪ĽơʼʲôأǺΪ˱̺ԼӶµ֣һŮҲ󲻵ȥΪַӿԽ
ɯһȻʯҵǽڷ
ħһˡҿԷߡһɯ˵
ɯƺûһ˵
һü׼봫ħ
ҿԽ̺ħ˵Ϸʽ㣬ϣַ̧ŹҸʡɯͻȻڡûһĸ۾ûһһ£ƺڶԿ˵
һһ̺ħ˵Ϸʽ⵹һͦ˵ضòɯĲǣСسһôĸʲǲ˽⣬һֱȥš
ô֪㸸һܸңһЦʡ
ֱҸʲĶ֡ɯ˵
㸸Ը⣬ҵǿһ֮ǰȸ̺ʲôطж٣һɯضЦ
Ҳ֪ɯԥػش
Һţǲ֪ôƳ̺޵ħϷʽһ
Ҳû취ɯȻ
һֱɯٺЦܴҲ̺ޡ㼴ʹ̺޵ħϷʽҲûʲôôԻȡһҵħϷʽʮа˾Żٵʲô㸸̺ռЩȻҵħϷʽҲƨöûСɯʵһֱĸʱһЩϣϣʤǺǡҪʧˡ
ɯȻıһ˿ͷһտҪͨ͸
һһǵ͹㡣ɯ˵
Ҫ߹ˣһẦߵءһΪЦ
һղǸұ֤ٷְʵħ˵Ϸʽɯ˵
ɽһЦ˵ûʲôʧѰ·ǿɹֲسŵˡ
õ̺޵ħϷʽһԸ迴ɯͨħص˷Ŀ󳡡
Сӣץ壬˵ѡĽݲһӵһǰ
ôˣһЩǱĿһ˿ϲɫ
Ǹģ˵ҴǵĸǰɭָһգգЦ
һǺһЦȻˣ֪ﱣȴ뺣Ӫ峤Ǹƽӹ峤ҲҰģҰʮִֻȽϻԼ
㸸׻˵Щʲôһʵ
˵ģзִ硣Ҳѹ
зִãҪȻҲֻ·һһٺЦţȴÿеһĪ


636 ħ2


ɭ֣տĺˮԵʮͨ͸һƬ޼ʵˮҡڣɷ׳ۣɫػشɭһƬ͵ա
һ뿨Ǳ뵽뺣ɭΧصһħһħѣʹ弰½ħٵﺣɭ֣ݻħı塣
úһУյʱȻȥ
£ϣħ֮ڣһжҵָӡһźʼһźĸ֣ȷ
Ϥָӡֵûз
ǾͺãȻħ֮ڣûҵ˭ҲжϵİΣҲҪ²źáһɷɨİ֣侯
ڴʱռͻȻһҵĲͷĺˮӿһ쳣аϢֱ˹ȥЩӲ˼
ãħƷˡʾе
ڶ飬ͨͨߡһ椶Ϊһڴһ䣬һ˫Ưգգ͵ضһ
ȥħĶ֮УһļλŮ˽Уţǲ˵Ľݲŷ裬ʥϿգѽϵ˹ʮӵĸټһڸ֣һһʮо͵ҲǴħʦ߽ʥ֪жô
һħʱͻȻﴫһظоüͷһͷȥԼŮ֮һӰһͷ֮һۡ
һݺݵһۣѾͷʵ̫ˣȻ͵͵ˡ
ۼаϢԽԽŨһҲûʱٽѵ̤봫ħ֮С
ħڵһͨһĿİ׹弰ַ׷֡
Ϣһ˳ͨҵ˷ӡħǻ֮ڡ
ޱߵĺڰ֮УħƮ䣬֮Ƴѽʮӡ
ʮ꣬Ѿ̫ˣȲҪΪ˸ۡҪȫЩ΢壬кã
ܵȵع顣ħԹ޵˷ؿЦţħ٣ݲûһ̿Ѫζ
ϢĶΧǻڣ񾭽һ⣬ħӿĵطʹһ˵ҲµǷӡħĵط
̡šһ̶ִһзԲĸֵ¶ʹ֮ɫ
أǷӿħʼ۳Ρǲȴʧ
һͫȻһ־𣬶λƶʱһ
ǲȫʧɲǣһȻ£ʱħһԵغǷӿεħ
ħһɵؿȻܵǿĹŭһħûһֻצһɴ̹ǵ˹
һ׼Ľ羹Ȼһ붼ûеֵסˣʮλܲĸֵħУɲΪһ̲Ѫˮ
ǿһһҧװһٻ
ħһȫϵ⣬޴񴸻Ϊһʮ״ֵȻûʵħϣ룬СҲһը
ħһҺǱħȻһǣһֻϢһͣؿػװâһ
񴫳ߣܺãձϵ֮ħ
仰Ҷ˵һٺһЦװڣȴ߲ʻתƴüļħ䡣
ֻħӿҪƵȴǳѲãӴħη岻ѣߴӡʮꡣ
칥һһڸֶʱγѣǿĹ籩һйħϡ
椶Ϊ壬ںڰ֮ϣħСͻڸԶӦǰعš
һóҵı죬Ҫħɱڴˡ
ħոͻƷӡʵֻʮǰʮ֮ʱƽסֱЩʵ΢عֻʵٵ΢϶ҧǸоԼһһģתѡ
ʱɭ֣î㾢ħ޴ı塣ĵشַ׷ɡһܲĸֱҳɷǡ
˲ŷ֣ԭɭֲǸħϣҲ˵ħıɭһС
սңտغˮȾ˸ɫǴ̱ǡÿһӶ˲ħЩҲһ顣
յĺ֮ǣעһѪ֮ա
ڸλƷħսʱ֮ǸطҲɱѪϷ롣
塢޾Ȼ֮ӵΧս֮ǣ߲
ʥ֮صĵ»֮ڣ峤ħ豻輰һǧϻУûҽоͱʬ޴档ʱеʿ׼ʥ֮زս
ʱжӵʿͻȻֽһң׷ڳȥʱǱɳʯסĹħٴð۵âЩʿܵٻƵһգۼʧħڡ
һѣΡħǧҪȥģҲƻˣԱɳʯ벻á
һħڣȴԲҽһû졣
ʱ񹥻ħĸͻȻǻƾճʿηس˹
ֳʮ˶磬˼һƤһ
ܿ챻Ȼϵʿƾճڽ֮ڣʹЩֲòٷֳһרϮɱڽڵʿħ˽֮»ڡһڴ˵һǧɺӺͿʨĪ쵼
裬⵽ô£ĪԴ׳ĴһץݺʵֻؿЩһʿ޿ֺħʧ޷ֹЩʿһֹܵṥԼ߼ǧ˸ס
Ҳ֪輫ơ
ĪԣȷſĪԷſ裬Ȼʵ»ħħ󣿡
æʸصͷһȷʵʯһħħ
˸ž⣬ûв´ЩʿǱħٻȥæˣҪ֪ħıֻж֣Ǳùȥæֵס
ħڣһڵ»صһǧֺħļǧħ½һȵֵʿĹ
ӡħǸǻ岢һսǱֳֵʿظ¼˹ħս
ħţԲıȺϻ塣ֱӳħһףڶ۱ǶѪ˿ĺѴ˿˿Ѫɫ֪Ŷô޴ʹࡣ
ϴ󡣡ţһģţѣþҵػӳһŽ̹â˹ȥ
үӰɼкխͣؽħй
ס椶ſħѾ忪ʼͱըо˴ĩйĶµĸоȻƵħ
һŮǸļ٣ƴĹҷɣǿнᵽҧԽļʹ
˫һŮ˽һȫǱѹեԸԼʹҲԸİ˲
һŵƾҶûб𿪡סħѲĿݽߣЩϵĹоʹȥύ
΢
ͻȻħħһȻǻиּʿȫ̹ǵϢƷһ׷׻ΪԶصһʶ֮ڡ
һһѪѪ˿ģ˫ĿʧħʧķҲ֪Щʲô
ס

ү
̫ӡ
ͬĺͬʱ𣬲½ڸֽԾƣߵΧ£ܶ˶ѹեǱ塣
ħȫգǴ湥Ҫȫ𡣡ʴ˫ȵĹâ


637 ̺ҵ


ħ彩ٿٻظ˶ԼӺĪһǧּǧħı֧ܿ鱻󶴣õüǵصħԼһһ
սǾ޴¾ϡãԲĺ򱻸ɫѪˮȾɫǲ֫塣
һϢ࣬ĮȻһӲ½ĸʧһǧǿɶǶĸְһôܲۡ
Ǻһ˷ܣкǰüɿԵԷ˵
СӣΪħˣħɳʵ
˵ٻģ˵𣿡һħħըǰ˵Ǿ仰ֻǰ˵΢֮ıûˣһΨһһˡ
һΧ˽ԾĬȻ˭ħ֮ĺõĻָߣԺҪһѪˡ
Ҫ𣿡ʵ
ǺǣҪǵſһϷɡһЦ
ʱ֮ǸɱҲβ޾ȻľӱɱƬײĽǿƺһ֮䱻γ
̫࣬ʱúг룬һ½
ءءͻȻ䣬һӤһ촫˶СԶֻ˲顣
쿴ʲôȵָǵΧĺӰ
˽һһĸ֣ɲʱ׼սѾоǷɱ¾Ϣ
ܿ죬Ӱ㽫һһΧ˸ˮйͨʱ˲ſЩΧǳʮ֣㣬жʮ׳ۼףȴ֫֫צ廹£ررҪһŴ죬ռ˰֮࣬ɢżΪ͵ϻǿҵħЩֵΧµһ޼ʣֲж١
Ǻħޣɻ
Ӧó֮Ϊ̺ްɡһһЦ
ڴʱվһΪ޴̺ϣĿ⿴˰㿴һˣЦһʵڲõҵġ
ҲŹ𣿡һ鲢ûʲôȣһƽ
룬ҡͷᡣ
ˣǷ㡣㶼ŹǡΪβĳһأһ΢΢һЦ
һ֪ı⸱³صı顣㲻£㲻£Ͳ½ؾӢȫ𣿡ʺ޺޵
Ҳ²СһٺЦ
һûʶ̺޵ʮ̺ڴˣһôЩӢһ½ʲôʵĽŲ⺣½أǱһ˵£ʷЦ̫ˣҰһ¶Ҳˡ
Ұ湻󣬰˵ǲ̵أŮһҲǸ˵㻰ˣҶֲźáһ˵
ȴǿһһָЦһıʵıʵ
̺ޣǡȻֹסЦݣһƬɭ䣬һΣһű̵Ĺâ𣬶̺ͬԴ϶ǴһţһڶɢŹϢ
ĸоиֶ̲סһƺʱпܱ̺޵Ĵȥһ㡣
Ǽʶһ̺޵ʴȵ
Ȼһ嫵˷мغˮɲʱһһ߲½ͬʱ˷磬˶ֲõķι֪̿ȴҲ˲䱻˷ҡҡ׹
ǣֻʮֻ̺޷ʮֻ̺ͬʱһͱƬ־ЦƺȻС
Щ̺޵ȷǿ󣬺ǺǣԺҵˣøлʿ͡һͻȻٺЦǵ𺣻Ҫż֡
ʻûӦʲô˼Լʶı̺ͻȻ䱻жϵһƮһĸǰʮֹֻ̺ͣ˹
ܵģܵġʲŵ˫Ŀ͹ôҲ벻ıʡ
𾴵ı£ʵźã䲻ֻƣΪ̺ô׵õҲЩֽôȥһ˳ȥ磬̺ޣֻһڱǰˡ
Ȼ̧ͷʵʹڱֽ̺ţô֪̺޵ķ
ܼ򵥣ɰŮҵġһһЦŵҲ֪Ů첲ҲǺ
ɯɯȻѱʡȻѡʿҵشУͻȻһǱǿѪɴŭ͹ӱˮƮøȻˡ
ɯɯҲã㸸ʿԼģҵ°һ˵꣬ȴǺǺЦ
½ĿһĻмΪʹ죬̫ӵ²Ϊ̫ӵ£һҲԿĵشЦ
һٺʮ̺ޣʲڸֻص˺֮ǡЩڿ½ȥޣжԶԿѪȺƽҲ˼ֵ
֮ǺʳǣϾѪζͲʬ壬һӶӵĺæµʰŲо֡
ʹУȫһ飬ȫװںʳеĸ嶼޷ţһֱ徹Ȼ췴ˣ˺ʳǣɱ˺ʽ壬޾壬Ȼ壬ǺЫǶôȣôҲ뵽º塣
ԳΪʵ峤ؽӴ˻һһĲ֣֪ȻʳǶˣĸһʦ⺣֮λضຣ岻ʱֻпһˡ
һ˵峤Ϻ֮λаһΪʲôλأķԣһû£ʮ̺ޣĸȻҲֻܱסһʱȣʣµı峤ԼľӪˣΪ̺·ȴãһٻһ⺣ʵλá


638 ڰ֮ĸ


պܳξһ˿ʣżֻӥչ߷ɶŷԶ
ʮְϴѪ¶ȶȻߣжƺðẉֵ̂ȼ·ˣ֮ǰǵγĶԱȡ
һڳǽӱߵ£˼׷ɡ֮ǵѾһ䣬ħѣζȻΣ֣Ǵʱ˷ҲǺް취
һһܵȴȻǵջ
һûͷҲ֪˭ḷ̌˭һһЦأץסһֻģһһܰĽ㵹Ļ
ľ̸Ҫڣ۵˫ѱһĴ츲ǣݱĴͷ³ÿ漴С౻°ֻ
Ϣһǽľˮŵ⣬ԴһţָоѾùˡ
Ǳɡһ§ľ̵һȴʵ
ģľûԳپϲһĿȴز̰ģҪֻôһλá
ġһͷظĴͻȻһָһǽ⿪
һ㡭Ҫľ̸ոƽϢٴμӿ졣Ѿܾûȫȫռˡ
һľ̵½һѩױ鵯һªذ̺Ե쳣ۡ
һָ̺ۡĦšʵ𣿡
ľ̰סһơ΢Цк顣ҡͷۡزˡ֪һʵز˿ڡ˿ġ
˾ӵһ̡ҲûбˡǶ֪˺Ѿࡣʣµضá
һŭԶŲ´½顣
ؾˣŭüʵǳϵؿǻǳڶԶӹĵؿǡĶԸʱ߿
ףħѣǼԼпƽ٣´½ħսʹĸǵҪöࡣħҲҪȽǾڲôһС½ѾºͲͨһ磬ǵõǲ½оһʵķԾ˵ʱȣϲ´½ôһѣӦħʤ϶Ҫϼ֡һԼ뷨˵Ǹ˫Ӯľ档ֻҪ²ͨô´½ԴΣӭж⡣
ŭ˼һ̾ȫΪ۹ȴ̫խˣ´½ȥɡ
õŭͬ⣬һҪȥһ¡
󹬴һŮͨͨɵЦ죬ħװôʮˬһ߳ű÷һЩ½ԣҲ⡣
Ƿֵ͵ȥˣҲҲӰһЦ
ǺǣĪǹַûе뷿͵ȰϹܿ΢ЦŴȤ
ܿ㣬źһϣ㵱Ȼŷ˵ˡȴĿǻķˡ
Ůĺһͨ˵˾Ůͷ˼ɶڣô˵Ҳǳ⻰Щ졣
һȴǺֱЦһƳۿûľŮʼһ޹ı飬Ǽʲô°
˵뾫ŮعϵһʱҲͦͷ۵أ˵ŮʱŮ֮ǿԿƵأ˵¶櫶˵ˣֻҪһб£ܹҲˣ˵⣬üȥûͱǲ㴰ֽĸоȴ
һһȦǰľľݼݼ֮䣬ڵʵиҪʹ˵һ£Ƕ֪˺̽ҵ˼ں֮ǵ˽ˣ´½ս²ݵ飬Ҵͺ̽ûز´½
ҲҪȥ꣬ݷ㼱
ҲȥҲȥ
һʱ䣬һһҪȥ˵ȥ´½ûк֮Σգ˵ʲôҲøȥ
˺ˣһ׼ȥԹڼһ˭ͼҷź򡣡һһ˵ҷŮԲһ죬Ȼ֪νҷʲôˡ
ʱһоĿɨԼһǾŮأֵİһۣһȴǷ˼ģĿ⾹һ˿ȵ⡣
ѵλĸﶼ֪˼ҷغ壿һ룬˽صĻ⵹Ҳ
һˡûĸŮ˸ҷԣ棬һ˵һΪŮҪ˼ĺȣҲͲŮˡ
ʲôʱߣ˿ʵ
ϡһ
ô졣Ů¶֮⣬治֪ʲôʱſԺһôǵȥȥľȥģʲô͸ʲôý壬ҡĴڼϡֻϧǶ֪ǵ˲ͨˣһעҪΪ˵־ı䡣
һŮĸܣҲԾЩǷ̫ࡣʱγңڵعһŵżѪҺŴ˵ѪҺҲĿŮˡһôѽأ
ʱ׶֪Ϣ˹һǶȻǿ𾪣վǶӣڶԶǸſˮ׵СһҲ׵õĶԽ࣬ҪĶҲԽ࣬ɷŭ
ֻľ̺ľݼݼһôħ˻çСΨһһдħС򡣸ĵλúͻ
ôȵçСðȴȻﲻżһͳ½󣬶ħоﵽǰķ٣ĵĸֵȼħ˺ħʯǳɱҲħ˼ǮĿǣðߵضǸˡ
һľ̽õçСʱǻƻ裬ԭͷ󣬵Ҳˬͽ˾ưһﴮӣְҵӶһƨʮ֡
Ƕ֪̫ӵµһˣ¹֮ǣǿ֪ʮǰ̫ӵ»Ӷçԭ̫ӵӶصһվʱӶʱǴEFЩ̫ӵµʱͽʧ֮ǵAһ·ȥɱħɱħư⣬һͽ˱һȦΧţ˵ÿĭɣһ㡣
һľݼݼһЦҡҡͷ벻ԼһΪĴżʮǰӶʱǶζ˷˳ڣж˻ǵʮǰԼ½أżȻ̻ᱻȺ֮ǿɶ˵ãǵʱĿ۹ʵսԧ죬ʴҥ˷ֻżȨ
ˣɹˣȻ蹦̵£ǰһл¶ڸǡǽƣƵһٺòˣȻҲпŭյ¡
һѾվĶ壬Ƕֻˡľ̸˸㷢Ц
ߴʤһٺһЦЦȴһ˿ɬվ̫߿Ըȴڼįּį޹ط£һ˵ľйء
ľݼݼһãȻľһЩ⣬ȴﲻϾѾͬһεˣŮмԸؽŲأ
߰ɡص´½ϣüһ˵
һ´½飬Щأһһ޼ʵĻçƽԭ
һٻľ̽ԾȻϡĿĵؿٷȥ
ŻçƽԭһԺʮǰһĻĻСϻСսԽѪɫ溣Χһеһл
ٶȼ죬ڵڶĩʱ㵽ʧ֮ǣҲһһ͵Ѫɫ溣׳ۣԺشȥʮǰȴǷѾ˼ŵԴԽ뻹Щ⡣
ʧ֮ǵżŵĻرٴֻھ˿شڴˡ
ʵʧ֮ǲ´½˽ģǧǰ۹һλ󽫾ͼȨʧܣȻϵʯƿռ˲½߽ʥǣҲǿеʧ֮ǡľվһ󻺻
ԭӷʧ֮ǵֺͲ´½һʱҾͻˡһͷ
鲢ֹˣľϼһʵλ󽫾صܵܣΪķһʹλ󽫾Ȩƻˮ󽫾֮󲻾ãĵܵȡûʵ֮󷢶䣬˻λĹΪ۹֮λ󽫾ٴƿռһΣԼĵܱܵƿռķɱٺ֪ô£󽫾ĵܵܽʥʥ֮ͨ½ħ󣬵ȴѵֻʵۡҲ׼κʹħȴҲö֪ľ̽˵
ô˵˫Ҳľһˡһ
Ӧûľ̵ͷ
ΪʲôЩءһٺЦʡ
ֻǡ綼֪ľһЦգ۾
һ΢΢һḷ̌˵ֻʵۣȴ֪˻Լ˼ֵȶˣĪ뽫λŮɣŮȴ뽫۹иԼɲУ۹ôӴĵ۹֡
ôţͻȻһ̴ľľݼݼ˫˫ڵأһȫںڵӰһǰ֡
СӣǵǺþòˡһ̶ϤЦһ
ڰ֮񣿡һһ£漴ƿڴϻ쵰ֱ˵Ҳͺˣƣǲ˼˵ߴһħ䲻ʮꡣ
СӣҴ򡣡ǺӰһΣһֻɷ׵˲һǰֱֱͷ˹
һͷһᣬǡ˹ȥһɷհɡ
СӰһУһͻȻʶһ𶯣ڰƾֱüķɵ˺ڰ֮С
㻹ô㡣ڰ֮Ȼʧһ졣
һԴ˺ڰ֮ȴҲ㲻ӵ˺ڰƵĺ֮ĺڰ֮ɡ
ͷ˵ʵڵأͻȻܻŮˣСϸءһĬһͻȻЦ
˵ҲŮ𣿡ڰ֮ɳƴ̶Цֱ˼Ƥֱð
ٺ٣ǲŮˣү֪ˡһЦͻȻһƳź֮ؿϮȥ


639 ´½Ŀռͨ


ڰ֮һת׼ѵһⲻ֪ߵغļһ׼ʹ񴫳У񻹲Զء
ֻڰ֮˼һ룬ͻһ֮侹Ȼһʱ䶯ãֻһĴֻӰ㳯زϮ
šһѷֺذ˺ڰ֮ظϣ͸ǲۣԸоǵ˵жʱһڰ֮ĸģ
һ޷죬˭붼飬Ȼˣ˶ҵôߣÿסڰ֮Ŀӡ
һͷĺڷٰй£ɲǼס˰ӣ¶ǹĶͷһԴź⣬ǳһӣ֮ŮǺʡ
ǳĺڷ£ۿҪú֮ȫòɺڰ֮ĽӦѹһɲ⡣һֻһʹѷշĵڵأڰ֮ȴٴڿĺ֮С
СӣЩŮػѾͰһ㡣ڰ֮ɳƣö֮ɡ
һվʹĶӣٺЦ˵ôϸС֣һֱΪǸͷӣûá
ʲôڰֵ֮ʵ
ڴôʱ䣬ҺҵŮʱ˭֪û͵ǸŮҾͷˡһٺЦ
ˣϻˣ˵£ħӵħ硣ոƷҪȫָʵҪһʱ䣬Կ϶һָʵػħ֮ţʱħѹ罫׻𡣡
ħ磿ģһüʵ֪и硣û뵽иħ硣
ͨħ֮û֪ģѱ𡣻䵽زڰ֮һ̾ޱ
˼ħ֮ſԳκεطһɻʵ
Ӧáڰ֮Щɡ
һεʼ硣ǧض֡ȻԷϳ֪ġѹᱻħ췭ظ
СӡҪȥ۹ڰ֮ʵ
㱻ʮꡣȻҲ֪۹һֵ
֮תʧ֮ǵķ棬ǧǰһӲ´½çԭʥǡǵصϸ֪֪ס
ʥǵ䲻µģһʱ˲ʱˡ
Ϊҵԭȴҵı⣬ǧǰϵ֮䷢ͼϵų⣬ֻųһֱ㲻ܼȥųһӰ쵽ʥǣʥǳΪһƬءڰ֮񵭵
ԭˣͻȻΪʲôһʵ
ڰ֮񿩿ЦͻȻΪһƺâһڡ
˵㡣ûܵһ
Сӣ´½֮һָҵƣⳡƽҲֻˣںȴԤϵˡ֮˵Ϣһκû˶
ʱԵľ̽ãشӵȴ˸ոյ׷ʲô顣
һôˣľݼݼɻʵ
ûʲôոˣſڲݵϢһ¡һٺЦ
ľݼݼ컹ҪʣȴľֹȻһ֪ûǲʡ
еʥܻһƬӲݴƫƫдһΰʥΪ졣
߽ʥ֮Уߴصܣһпѡʮʱ䵯ָ䡣²Ժɣ˷ˡ
ľʥеħʥʱһħͼͼ߸ۣǶħʯһǿյءħͼһ֮ǰҲȴû뵽Ǵ͵´½ħ
ôô˺֮ʯľ̴ؿǸտյİۣľȻ
ʮǰʱǿյģʲô𣿡һʵľ̵Щˡ
ûк֮ʯƲס´½֣ǻزȥˡľһɬ˵
һҲһ֮ǰľ˵Ҫϵʯƿռ䣬һϵʯǰһˡ
㣬ô죿½Ѿˣסô죿ľݼݼףʡ
Ҫһа취ġһοʵȥһ麣֮ʯҺ֮ʯʲôû˵
һʥȦ̧ͷˮصԺһӡ
Ҫھͺˡһﷺ˵˸˼
Сӣ㱾µͦѾͷˣѹϻˮӡǡʱڰ֮ǽεεһԺ
Ůˣ֪͵˼Ǻ޳ܵôһüͷû
ִôҾ벻֪ҲаУɧŮ˿ɱһЩ֮Ц֮ǰɳƴ̶˲֪ٱʵûԸû䣬ر仯ȴһΪȫͬˡ
ôʺ֮ôƺһЦʡ
īϣԽīϴˡڰ֮Ц
īϣûа취㵽֮ʯһ˷ʵ
֮ʯ㲻ôīϵ
еĻ𣿡һε
Сӣ˶ԽԽ㵹ԽԽˡб̺Ͻʯ̺뵽Ͻʯ֮вͳһ麣֮ʯ𣿡īϱӵ˵
һ㶣ͻȻӦĿСͳ̺ǺϽʯʥ֮ڶʱһ̹ââ֡
ľ߽̽һһרעıҲûѯ
һȫںһű̺ǣϽʯע롣
˳سһ֮⣬̺Ǿһƺ谭Ͻʯ֮Сܿ죬ȫΪһ壬ââһ˸âһӨӨʯͷ
֮ʯľ̽˷ܵؽ
һк֮ʯףоһ㣬ϵʯ˿
СӣǶ뺣֮ʯƿռ˽ϣɲһĺ֮ʯˡڰ֮īѵ
ǣһⶫЩ̺ءһͷ
һ֮ʯǰ֮УħʱâʢһŰ׹Ŀռͨ
ȥɡһ˵
ľľݼݼͨʧһȡ֮ʯ֮ٵ䡣ǡ
һߣһĺɱֻں޹˼ɵشŨصѪζ
ʮˣˣˣؾӪѰΧ۹ʮ죬ʮϵؽǧٿסֶǵħվѱơзħ޼ɵڡʮƽݻٵؽǲֻڳӣǶ֪һ֮ձ֮ʱʱųĺݻû˻ỳʵԣڲ´½Դսŵ£һ˾ʹһ˷ԴԵжӪû˻ں
£ȳԵ㶫ϢɡһλȫԡѪŮվľڤľڤӣʵѴﵽʥ
ľڤҡҡͷųǽѱռסʥһ̾λŮȥ½һæڶĩطҲ֪ǲǳ⣬´½ս׷ɣʧⳡս֮У˼
£վӪĹƿ»񣬲Ե㶫ôӦȥأ˵ϣһҪϧԼСŮȰ
ľڤЦӹеһűӿֱֻнܳԵµʿеöҰƤȶƳɵͷȵǻǵˮˮΪˮԴӪжϡ
Χʿƣľı飬ľڤһնǾ͸ñˣʱаʿ͵۹ҪɱʱѪɺӣȾأľڤ쵼޷
˵Ѿͷܸϵü𣿡ľڤʵ
һܵģ²õġŮᶨ
Ըˡľڤ૵
ʱʧɫɷӪѼʿ׼һֵĹǣħʦҲ׼ֻһ±㷢͹
ڽŽǴǰһ룬ʥͻȻһ߲ʻ⣬峿Եøҫۡ
ľľݼݼʥ֮УȴһһǲӰʱռͨȴʧ֪롣


640 ֮


һأľݼݼʵ
֪ľЩţѵ˵һڽռͨˣûн
ڶܣľƽˣһˣǵһǿɸ⣬ռǿǻҷİǰҲûз顣
ʱʥһӵĽŲپӪʿľ̽ŰΧ
ľ̼Щʿһʥڵ۹ǽ⣬ڶĵзӪʿµ۶׶༪١
һһɵĵطãܸоܱǺޱߵƵܣؼǿ飬ȻɽܷΧڵĻȷˣһطǺޱߣһʼظо˶ҪըƵġ
īϣīϴ㣬ڰ֮㵹ǳүҪˡһͣغǻӦȴһƬ¼š
һﵽ߲㣬ܷݵأ֮ĶȥãطȫѹЩӿڵѿ
оÿϸÿѪܶʼʱһǿ޶޲ﵽ߲ȫⶼǼӲʹҪűˡ
գɣͨͨɡһзݣɴ಻ٵƣӷǴ糱ˮһӿس֫ٺ
һɲǼǾʹѲκһԳܵģԼѾķˣϸѪܱҿ
һʶѾʼθѡƻáƮƮ縡ڰСÿΪԼҪɢ֮ʱȴֱһֵ˻һظо
ʹһָܲоػʮҸΪ֤šȴûκθо֪ľѱݻ١ֻʣ˿ꡣ
ڰļµغڰͬسʼǱޡֻ޾ѹѹȻһӺڰ֮֡ǿҵըڰ翪ʼӡճǳ񷡣
ذءһڰռʱԡʱôһ˿Զඥһ
һ档ôһС档ۼһس̶ȱȻը͡ƲƶǱһȫµظ߶ˡ
Ȼӿһڡ岻ٿҲһζɡһصطʽԶתÿһ֡һԿԼᷢȫ㡣һһܡؿڵǿɫԤҲɢ譲ӵعâ
һӰʼһʵһȫŮ壬ѩ˪߸ȴǹһƬһͷ׵سƮ裬͸ͫɢǵĹâͬز֮С
һҵɣСڻˡһૻص޵ĺڰ֮С
´½۹ǡ
ľľݼݼħס߸ڵ۶⡣
ľڤŮڴˡ־ܡ˷ܴУû뵽ʥ׽סľڤһ˫Ůľڤ޶ԣʿʿ䣬˹ࡣ
ľڤվڳͷ֮ϣ΢΢鴤ſŵڰյŮȭͷյɷסŮȥ½ѰһæȴһץһȴӰӶûţûгɹյ۶ҪѪɺӣԹˡ
ľڤڴˣжͶأֺξ壬飬ϻ˵սϼ¡ľڤĿһѾ׼ҲöԷù
սϼ£սϼ¡ǽӪʿ׷׺
üͷһ壬һȰĴ֣ȵɱ
ɱӪʿˮһ㳯ųͷӿȥħʦӵĸϵħõ̻һ˳ͷֵա
սˣľڤһһ㻤֣о޽һӣɫһһɨ£Ӫʿնϡ
սˣһʿץסͱ븹еĳìһ̴˶ֵĺ
սˣһ彫ȫ˼ʮֻһһһԱΧзʿը֫顣
ǣүүүүʰǡ
յģôүջ
ԤϣЭǵûõзʿ½Ӫʿǰս⣬ǼȫǲҪĴ򷨣ɱһɱ׬һɱ׬ʵҲѽͣӪ˵Ңսȴų˵һƼȮսս·һβɱ汻أӪʱΧ嶼ѱľľ̽һһѪȼηһʱӪʿеη
ɱɱߴħʦӽħӣض١ŭ
Ѥħ֪ͨͨͨ۶ȥ˲һڿն𡣲ҽһƬһƬ
ʱǽʧȥħܿ˼ȱڣӪʿһѷӿ룬˾ɱǲޱȡ
ľڤųڷ𣬾ӪʿȳһѸɢܣаŮһɱ⽴
飬ľڤһ廯Ϊһ⳯žоӪȥ
ħڿľڤԱϵһָڶħй£ֺܿࣵһˣľڤҲ˳ƳǰħʦУ˽ľ룬ľڤҲǴﵽʥħʦ˲䱻һɱ
䡱ľڤֱײ֮ʱһˮͰֵľ޴統£֮ڵĶ˶Ϊ˻ҷɡǼλϵħʦַĽ֮
ľڤֱͦͦվţȫڣϻе˸۾ȴֱֱžķ
ʡľľݼݼεѣԼ羴ĸ֪
ʿӿΧȥһɭسìΧָűýڵľڤ
ûУʮ׸ߵʵ
شľڤĩѲܶһش
áܺáⲻʶôĻ쵰ôʿ챾ҪۿԼŮʹȥŵؿЦ
սһγԤϡΪľڤסܿͣЪˣȴû뵽ЩӪʿǴսĸһüʿֱˣо֪ɵ£Ҳ˲˵зܶӪʿݵʱ䲻ɱС˸ŮþӪʿսɨβеޱȼѡ
ʿٳǡҧгݵ
ľڤŮδã˵峤ʵ
ľڤڳͷضǱջ٣Ůûʲôˣ͸潫ʿְɡ̵ЦͰͰͱħʦս۹ڣľڤҲľľݼݼͷ·ѱªİ˸Χס
ľľݼݼסҲѣǴЩʿĳ֪ǵĴ㣬ǻȴ޿κΡ
һ㵽ȾǡľС
һ˿ѿһͳгìľݼݼͣ¶ͷƬѩؼѪӻƵرƤ˳ѩŵļ亮÷ǰͳѪ¶˷ܵ飬ֽҪȥ
¡ʱͻȻһˤûͷ
⡭
Ҳ¶֮ɫһҧҪˣٳǡ
һ¡ϵħʦȼͣ۹˲һƬ֮С
¡һҵ𶯣ƸΪˡ
ǲ񡭡ŭˡߵһıʿ
˵
Ļĩ˵꣬ؼ𶯱ԽԽŷӿ
Ȼлһһ磬¡¡ʼը죬һɵıϯ۹澹ɲǼϨ𣬲渲һ㺮˪ӪʿһʱҲԭءǾĿһƬããĺ˪ǵ·䶼˺һ㡣
ӣӣ۹Ӫʿӷ߳ڵ૵
´½ʮһǿֱһļů紺Ϊˣ˪¹ѩˮϵħʦҲɱƻˣղϯıȴºͶˣƺһΪĿĶɲ˲˼롣
Ӫ㷣ز֪ǺãҲǴŭ⵽ĳͷ
˭˭ش¡ŭҲǼΪԼ֮ǰ𶯶Ѱѵŭ
Ȼ۹ϿֳһѤ߲ʻ⣬һɫ׳Ӱ߲ʻ֮䣬һʤѩһͷ㷢ƮƮӰΧżֻ쭺Ϣޡ
սǿǳڲ´½֮սǿߴ֮һ
ɲǼ䣬Ӫߵʿ˴롣඼ԼЩ֪롣
һһڳˡľſӰ֪ΪرޣѵĻһ
һСڵأ˿ڵһƬѹѹͷأԻҵľһƬվӰһӣǰΧľľݼݼİɲǼ䱻ָⷢĵâ˻ҷɡ
㡭񣿡ʵǿᣬԴ˵еҲֻеľķݡ
ΪأһʣһǾ޴񴸴֮ڰգڿҴܡ
ˡһܲס֮ѹʱЩŲȫ
ڿеľڤҲǼӯû񣬴޺ӡ
ռƣԺǿ⵽ǧĲ½Դ֮ޱҪⳡνսʹֹͣһصÿ˵Ķߡ
˶޷ŵ̧ͷһʮܽؿռûˣڿ߳ССز´½ˣ


641 Ѱ


ɢ۹ǼһƬ棬β´½Դ֮սʹô½˿֮һһǧĸʿմӴ˳ߡ
۹ʵľڤˣ峤밫峤սʣ޼Ҫ֪ڲ½Ҳǲ´½ʣµ⼸ǧϽˣһʱϵ˴ӴҪʷĳ֮ˡ
ľڤλʵǿȫսλӸǲãͶ֮󱻾ŰɱĻ֮±㽫еƸľ̡
һ°׳ڷԺվڽɽ·һƬѪɺӵķ棬ʿնæµؽսɨʬд߽ơɵ˼ǰ½ǳսңʧʬѻɽѪ۳ɺӣڲ´½¼ҵһĻ겻ѡ
үЩעģ̫黳СվһԤһǰ꣬ٴγ֣ԽƮݳǼ͸ֵͫĹâֻƵ
СԤʦүǷ𣿡һתͷС°͡
֪ĩģֻҪүڣħͲܻ硣Сһ˼
ôһţЩ㱣ʱ屻ܺ嫵ʱ龰ʱҪըʱͻȻͨгڵһ㲻ʣգİȻ˳嵽˵ڰ˲Ķ壬ֻһͻƵǴ˵еĵھŲ㣬˵һ㣬ɽֻڵָ䡣
ʱһʶص֮У̾͸ܵȵЩѹһ˵س̶ȣÿϸ֮У˵ڵѾﵽĵǹ룬ˮֵĵزÿŻħ֡
ϲԽʱͻȻһϤںһ۱þΥ˵СˮһʱΪССһٿ϶һʼţǣҶ˰ѾͷĻصߡ
СǾʦ˼ꡣԤظΪ£ɳȴ֪ԤͷһصĿռ䣬Сʦͷ󣬲ƽѧȫע䣬ֻȫɷ
ƾС츳ֻѴɡֻԤȴ֪Ϊʧ롣ڿֱһͨռͨ´½ʱȴע㱻ǲֿסǺ嫵ӿڡϵԤյ˳ͷСŵҲ⡣
ڰؾͷأǱҵĩ𣿡һŵ۹ʱСξиԤԡٴʵ
ү˵ľģСǳЦ˵ա
һһתЦСһǡǰĩԼСԤ⵽һ˿νǻɬҪػǿԼС
۹սʰɾˡΧʥһż׵طԹס
´½ҵش׵طо˵һλ顣һϯ´½˵˴ʱεϾԡҪȫ´½жԸħرս
ڿռֵʧֻͨĴħӲ´½Ͳ½Դ㲻ˡһŵ´½½񣬲½Ҳ´½ṩԴ´½ù½ϽΪ½һ
һһ׷ױʾͬ⣬һΪƵĲֹۣΪһ죬˭ҷʮ˼ٹ̵Ľ
Դˣ֮һĵճûɸĲҾʧ
սһ쵼ϷϨսʿ͵άΰһȶʱھɱԸʶ䣬ǿ鰸಻ʤ´½ǧٿס
ҹɫһڵĻһס磬һһŵǳһǶУĪع˶
ǹҫɽһһž
үүСҵţӭһĳ̣˫ȴǽסز
СүˡһסСһ粨ΰӿ飬Сֵ룬ͬ
ŨŨ飬û˿ɢһԽԽתŨ˰ɡ
˵ĻѲǵ󣬸Ǹ߲εľΪаΪ顣ڻгͣɢ
Ъǵ飬˾ӵǹ֮£ĩйҸ
СϸϸĵεΣ뿪һꡣһûв룬ȴ˽⡣һѲǰǰһ˱øӳأȾ˶еСϣԺӶһȹȻԺĻ
үҸ𣿡СܰԣǸ˶ĸ硣
Ȼͻŵľų½ͳһ繦ûһС⻬Ц
СϹܿȽõ֪ϹܿѻһĹϲѡͬʱҲһ˿뷨Сֱֱһȼ䰺֮ҧ´үСҲҪ
һͷգСƨſڵϣǷθ߸߾𣬴ĶǵԲߣǹ˽ܴһɡ
̫ˡһһڿˮһͦ
Сӡ㵹ͦңڰ֮īöȻһʶһ㲻١
һЦŽԼСϣε˵㣬͵˼׵ȺҪæʱ򲻼ӰҪֵʱƫƫ徲
˭С̫ɫĻϯҲ£УǱΪô״𣿡īϽЦ
ү㷸ŹĪҲĴ󶯡ҵ⡭ӴһմЦ䣬ʶеĺڰƱһתһ׶ľʹ
ССĽѵϴ㻹ûԡīϵЦдһ˿аϢܿ϶´Σؽѵһһ̹ġ
һƲƲ죬˵
ҸողƵϢڶϷΡõֻƺһħʱīɫ
Ϸ򣬲´½˵󣬵ҲСΧɾ̫ˡһü
ǱѰȥֻҪ䲻ұɸоɢϢһҵġīϵ
ãȥѾͷкһ˵űСɽ·ӶȥһīϵĽûбܣһͨСҲˡ
ľ⼸ûϹۣĸĻ֮½һ̯Ӷ鼱ǳصؽյذӵϣСС¶Ҫ֡ľȺЩæңǾ
㣬Ե㶫ɡľݼݼһ߽ǰ޵ȴǼΪܣΪǾͱ˴һѪԵϵˡ
ľ෢ǵ۾ڣݼݼȥϢɣˡ
㲻ϢܰϢľݼݼЦ
úϢɡһС룬㲵۵
ľĵذһһۣȹĲݸһ
һȴһ״˴ľ̴ߣԵ
ľһЦԹԵغȥһԵľݼݼĽѣʲôʱҲһһأҲֻѣһŮô࣬Ļ֮
̣Σҷȥǵ˸㣬һЩ¾ǲĺˣվͺãپܾˡһ۾
ľָ˸һüëСϱһͷ
ιһľ´һ´½Ϸص
ľ̼һ֪࣬¶˵϶Ҫչһ´½ĵͼ´½ϷȺɽأͷħڶ࣬ȺɽǷƽԭǺˡ
һһ£ȺɽĿܱȽϴɽּһΪ
ɷһСŰŶϵȺɽȥ
һ·ȥʧİն಻ʤׯһƬ棬һЩϲʳħȺӵ߳ɽʳŸõʬ塣طʬ̫࣬ʧȥֵı֮ȣۻ֮У߷ġ
һв̣˲ӣÿһùƾߣҲչĽһʣһ°׳Էްӿν֮¼Ѹ˲´½еľҲʱԤϲġ֮һƫƫ˽ǣλá
˵ʮ죬һ˫ʼȺɽıԵڿȥȺɽһƬԴ䣬ʮĿ


642 Ȫ֮Դ


īϣûиоƵϢȺɽôȥһʵ
ûСīϼ̵ػش
ʱ˴ɽ˳һ񣬲Сȥ͡
˱Ǳ֮壬ľɣ֦ǵ֣ǽţƶָľй˴ﵽǧ꣬пȥòΪˡ
һȺɽ֮У˵֪һЩϢС⼸λ˽ɽ֮С
Ⱥɽԭʼɭ֣Ҳֻԭʼɭֲп塣һǿ׳˽һС֦ͷһһȺɽķ⡣
ԭʼɭԭʼɭֵķ飬ܶߴף֦֦ҶҶգɭʪһľҪʮ˲ܺϱǴӵͻĸһжϲ䣬Σա
Щ˵ȺɽޣвʵﵽSĳħޡǰһ˵˷ܲѣĲѲһħ޶˵ûκսԣΨһĵıħ˵ͻȻŰħѹ֮ǰ߿ơ
֮ʮ˽Ǵһˮߡƽʱ˶ɢػһɽֻ֣峤Ż߾ۼ
ЩŹ֡īͻȻһ˵
һԴüɢһƾ֮̽УҪһӴǽľ˲ɢ
ǿʲôغöһǺЦȥһ̽
ôŨѵīȴ૵
ѵʲôһֵʵ
ûʲô㿴峤ˡī赭дת˻⡣
峤ǧꡣȥλΪΡһͷɫͷ°͵ɫ붼˵ϡơһεطȡ
𾴵峤ľȺɽﻶӭصľ峤񡣴ʱ˽֦賤Ͽ䡣һһˬŵȡͻظӺӡȺɽعϹ档
ľ峤ÿҡֻ·˵ءѰһһٺЦȥһӱӡ
ڣһͣʺĹӹ۶֭ΪɿڣǹﾹȻгڣǺӿ
֪ѰʲôܹϾƴǡľʵȴûעһı顣
һȻı顣ҪѰʧڲ´½ơ
ƣľĩ˵´½д˴šľ˼һ˵
ǲ֪ľ峤֪֪´½ĸطۼ֮滨ɣղűʱ̺Ũ֪˹ժáһĿһʵȴܣҿ϶ƲīͲˡ
ľһ۾ǺСܱ߿ʥأˮǳΪʥˮֻҪȡˮΪݣܿȬԴƣһȺɽʲôħҲˮιǣЩ˵ħںˮ֮ûֻѵˮ֮д˹ЧƵĽ
ľһСһߣں߳żŹĺ޵عһԵһ֡
ľ峤ɷñºһ̽һʵ
ľͷͬ⡣ΪߴʧУôҪѰҲ޿ɺˡ
һСʩɫ˱һˮ֮С
ˮ͸ȴֵĿһֻˮﶼûС
СһߣǱһԲְΧһһ㡣ŲŹεĺˮһƮ޶˵ĸоŮ˽ȻͬĵطǺܸԣ״ĳֳͻõĻ롣
һȴīϵָ³źĵԴͷȥأͼзų޺ͬЩ
Ҫö࣬Ǳǧ׾Ȼףⶼһˣһˮиоˮѹƺһǧ׸һ׵ˮѹһС
һСµʼɫʯĺףٸϸСȪȪˮȪˮдżŨˮеɴ˶
īϣԴͷˣԴЩȪһ
ڰɡīϵ֡
ڣһ˷ۣȪݺύҪڵ²ҵõȪԴͷֻѯ֮īȴû˶ƺе㲻̫Ծ
ڱڰɣһƳУǸȪȥȪеܵԶһȥֻͳôһɳ
һѾ˰죬ʼڳһһĿӡûҵıǿɾͿˣһֱֹ
СվһߣҲѲĲͬѰʱȪ۵һ͸ͫһصתһͷ˿ҲƮ裬ǰһģͼ棬һƵĵطԼɼһͦεıӰ䣬һǰһ޴ģ֮ҪһЩʱͻȻһң۵һһѪ
СôˣһС޶Ѫвɴ󾪡
үҪȥҪСɫ԰ףҵץסһĴ֣ĩ˵ȥ
īϣô£һʶк
ͼԤ⣬ɣһͻûµģȥɡī˵
һһ˿裬СҪȥģ׿ʲôôңīΪʲôͻȻе㲻̫Ծˡ
תŸָͷһСϺ棬ľ峤չ˺ٴǱ£ĶԿԽԽ
ڻңһڵʮʱīϵ
ҡ
㲻÷ϡ
ûзϣ㲻ΪͻȻúôƺҪõĶһ˵ֵȴûͣ¡
īϳĬ˺һ㻳ɣԲڡ
Ҳܺ澿ʲôúڰ֮ʧ̬һ̣Զīϲ
ǹҲɣ㿴֮Ȼͻסī̾һ
һ޺һƣͻһ𶯣һһ׿ֱȪˮɲǼ佫䡣
Ȫ֮ȴֱһ޴ص׳ȥһȪˮû£գۼ䱻ƽֻϸӿȪ֮⡣
顱һһˤͷǣ˦˦ͷǰȴһ㶡Ӧһص׿նһϪռ䶼Ũελá


643 


һ֮ãתȦҲһ㷽С
īϣ⵽ʲôطһеīȴ޷Ӧ
ͻȻһͣ½ŲǰͻȻԳһ޴Ӱӣƺһʯͷ
һоƲȥʯģ֮Ȼһƺһͷ­صϷѷֻ۾һ㡣
𺶣һĵһо޷ָоص̻ͬĲɣأ˵Ϊ֮ԶԾ
һ˿һݳΪ۵ĺڰ֮īϣֻ峯ʯȥͬϵʥͽֱһĿɿڴĤݵֻʲô
īϰݼһīϲ
ǲǴһͷһѣΣ֪֮ҲһֱΪħǲͬǿѵǴĲɣҲ̫̫ˡ
һκţ˲ͬħԳ֣ħǿӭж⡣
ڴʱǾʯѷͻȻһâʯϵҫ߲ʹâصͬһ㿪ʼ۵һһʮ׸ߵӰ
ҵĺӣɡһͳµ˷ƮӿһĪİˡ
񡭡īֱӡĽӰǴһ˿ʡ˭뵽ߴ֮һغڰ֮Ȼ
һǲšǴ졣ͨƨǡԴڴըȻγ塣ǰīϳΪӰָνأ
ʱһо۵Ӱһ¡һëҰްֱԼνشƺ⡣
ħΪ硣罫㡣񡭡īƽһ˵
֪ħҲ졣ȴû뵽˺ϧҵڴ֮󳹵ɢ˴ֻҵһ˿ʶӰ̾
Ǹô죿īϼ
Ҳûа취Ҫһ߳˵ءֹⳡƽ١Ӱ˵ͷȴתһط
һ˫ĿУͻȻӰĴ㣬ԼǡЦԴ棬ޱˣôһʶҲħҷˣҪԼкãǴҪԼ壬ҲԼȭͷ𲻴Ӧûκ˰ǿԸ顣
Ǵ񣿡һǰһζʵ
ҵĺӣǵȻӰ
ô֪𣿡һЦʡ
ҵĺӣǲ½һΪżӰ˵ƺؼһо֮С
һͻȻЦǴ᲻֪һƽпռ䴩Խˡ
һöԸīϽȵ
һīϡͣЦЦʹضӣӰˣǷҪҵ壿
Ҫֹⳡƽ٣Ψˣ徭ؼʺҵ壬ֹƽ֮󣬶Ὣ廹㡣Ӱ
ôˡߴҵĸǿΪʲôǵģŶȻ֮䣬ƾ˵ҲֻСһˡһЦüá
Ȼ棬γķ򣬾Ҳ׸ı䣬ֻܽά淨ҲֻܽȥƳ֮䣬ǲĵʵҵĺӣ㶮𣿡Ӱش
īһʵļ⣬һ˿ĪߵĴڣΪʲôҪһ壬ѵΪά淨
ôԻɸأӦ˸ıԴдġ
ҡǺܶ˼ȻҪǣǿҵңɡһЦţſֱ۵
ҵغӣҿԱ֤֮ʵߴ񡣡Ӱ΢΢ͷʮο˵
ǿ̫ˣ¸£ŶһһˣƽϢⳡƽ֮󣬿ɷīΪްһƳīһۼЦ
ãȻֻҪīͬ⡣ӰԵЩУ˵һ֮ƺ㲻ؼϺһ䡣
һٺһЦڵأɾһȴģ
ӰϢһ󲨶ȻһŶһüġ
һһȫͻȻһ߲ʻ⡣
ҵĺӣǸʲôӰŵһʶ
Ҹð䴴񣬻Ϊжôǿԭֻֽϻпãүҷ𡣡һ¸´Цƽסǹš
ʱīϼһɫԣΪһƺâһʶУ±һסʶвһ
һʲôīϽе
һҪ𻰣ӰʶīϣҪҵʶֹ
īʶһסڰתǹżлɳ
ҲүأشԵĺڰ֮ǳǰɣǴܱƽסһס׶ĵʹ
īһɶϿ˶ԺڰƵĿƣȷʵЩ֣һ˿ԴȴʵʵڵżΪܵϵ
һȫһѹǹ۴һɫӰӴʶݳǸСģĶ
⡭īϴľ֪ݵľȻǸոջⶫǰһɲʱǵͨ죬ɱ䡣
ҪһʣСӰӽһжԭԭ˽
ԭص׿ռǿʯҲ֪¾ˣԴԴϵ˿˿ʯԭһżΪǿıԴиһ˿ʶ䣬֪ΪʶϵʶֱΪһſհ׵ıԴ
Ҳ֪˶꣬űԴ֮ϣȻǣȻԴϵʶûˣϢȴɵľ˽⵽Ķ磬ħ½Ϣľ齥ǿ󣬵ȴ޷ʯɻīһɺϵѰص׿ռ䣬ıԴȻ˷Ӧʶر֪īϺ֮ݣīΪǴ֮ȫſֵ֪һݣҪôƭһ塣
Ϊڵ֪Ǵ˭ΨǴӣôϸе©أȴһ̥岻зüʶнס
㡣ľ˵֮ī߳ŭҪʶ׻
ֻҪʶҪôԡĵ
ҲǲԣñһļֵҪȻƾʲô㡣һٺЦֹīϡ
ãдôֻҪңһһܸǡ鼱æ
Ŷ˵һϾʵЩڴļֵ


644 Ϣ


鼱ߴ˵
һ۾ԽԽͶЦ˿μ񵽱ˡ
ɢȻƨǣκνĴڣΪ֮޼ѰֻҪղǰͼᱻסϺѱֿƣ̽Ϣǽǿ
Ϊһϲǣǿž޴Դ״ʯͷΪһķϵ֮˵ʹߴҲûпƿʯͷķ
һһȺ£Ļаԥ±ҧָѪֻÿгһѪɫħţ漴һüģɲǼоһľʶݷԼʶ֮УʶѱԼѪƣһҪľ̻̲ˡ
ʶûչֳκǿ֮ƫƫһоǿ޷ʶǿĳ̶ˣһҲѡ
ʶһǸµģҪȻƭҡīϺߺߵдЩȻ
īϣĴڴ񣿡һʵ
ǵȻ磬ӹɵġīϺԥ˵
ǡʮǰĺڰռαֿסʱҶǸоǳĲ仯ΪЩҵʵһ˵
ǣһǰ˲õĽˡīԺ
һεؿЦſԡվػ˻ȥīϵȻɴŲɡΪʲôԼܴأĳЩطŪˡ
īϡ𣿡һһʵ
īҡҡͷûСԴмߴ֮һǧһζǰܶ඼ģˡ
Ϊʲô֪һǴأһʡ
Ҿ֪ػǶԸ衣īֱӶ߲ټ
һӿЦֱֹʲôʲôѽѾشôء˵ߴȴΪʲôǶûмĿǷ޷š
һ鲻ˬûػ
ǰһһС״ӰֺõСڣкηԸ
ⲻʯԳΪ𣿸үôõģһʵ
ڴʱһʶһЩϢһǿؾʯâһȭͷСɵġ
޼ģһǰһڣ۱׹룬ܾǳЩǳ˳һһ׳ۡ
ģһﲻЩ֡
ˣؾʯ棬ֻҪѶ˲˴˴һһش
ԭʯͷһõعǰԼǳͷڹꣿһԳƲƲ졣ЩħʦŸħ绹ǲ࣬˼һܹԼǶܸʲôأʯͷķ޵Уʧȥ˹ԻһЩźǷħҲ㲻ʲôˡ
һǺһЦ˹Ȼ̰ֹ¤֮˽֮
һҪ˳ʱͻȻʯͷЩǳм侹һ˵档һֻ᲻Դĸо
һʱ䣬һȻһµ⾳в԰ΡܾЩǳƺҪһЩʲôʱֶҪץסʱͻȻʧӰ١һΪҪᵽһЩʲôʱָоȴҲˡ
һ˼شʯͷվһ͸һǧʯһ㡣
ãһŻȻع񣬴ûֵĵص׿ռ䣬ռ䲢ȫǼʯżҺϵ䣬ԱһصϪ֪Ѽǧ
ָ£һصϪгŷǱȥھһ׵ĺڰϪȻʣõص׵ϪˮȻеųʮ׵һӿȥ
һ֪ǵصѹɵĽЩϪˮӿȺɽǸУҲȪԴ
ͻȻ䣬һ뵽һ⣬ûԼǿŲؾʯǰǳĺ𣿺֮ˮܹ֮Ϊʥˮ
ⶼһǺЦûĺҲˮҵص׿ռ䣬ҲҲԼؾʯõؾʯ˵ƽ𵽴ãûʯƽһʥˮҲû˼ˣôҲûʲôʧ
һóôһۣ࣬˳ⶴһܱ˺ס
һӺˮдܳʱðΧˣǧ֮࣬Щ峤֮ȺɽطϹء
үȻЩСɱסСķ۱ںʱСǿԤҲᱻˡ
СһԼӦһ˵ص֮ʧȥָӦò㶼ˣһվǰЩʼ
ʱ峤ľ˹ʵ𾴵񣬲֪׿ջ񣿡
ջУֻûҵơһЩʧ˵
õǣٻȺɽػˣһǣƵϢҲ˵ľο
Ըˡһʼ磬īϣúڰڶ֮УһӦûС
峤ľٿᣬѯƵ˿
һ˵֮ر滨֣Щûһܽص㣬һֱۣһһȥңҪҵ°
һĸصпܳƵʱһͻȻ˵Ҫ˵滨ҵһֻԷƽԭħʨᵽڷƽԭ˵ļʥڳһҶΰٲٶʳţҪȻҶһҶˡ
д£һҲԶѵҲ岻ɣľ峤ȵ
ӦòˣֵǹʳÿζʧӰ٣˵Ǳ˳Ϊˡ˵
һһЩҲǼȤд⣬ǲǣҲҪȥһơ
˵ȻҲƳһĴ㣬Щ˷ǳҰʮǰħս֮ǰǱƶķƽԭǴ߳ƽԭҲӲ߽ǵأǸӵпµҲûĸȥǣϾĵطʮƶ񤣬ûʲôԴĴڡ
Ȼôƶ񤣬Ϊʲôƽԭһɻ
⡭ҾͲ֪ˡ˵
ʱһʶͻȻīϵӰֻ˵һ仰ʧˣ˵û˭Ǽһ̰ˡ


645 


ī仰Ƿƽԭʥص̰Եйˡ
һݱ壬ٻСŷƽԭķӶȥ
˷ƽԭһŷַƽԭеôﻨ㣬Ȼƽ̹һ󣬵һȥǻߣֻϡϡĻɫСݳںڻҵϣçԭҪöࡣ
ƽԭʵСЦ
ǰķƽԭİɡһؿ׷˷ʮǰˣ£ﻨƽԭĲë֮ˡ
СǳǳһЦоһĵĸпүƺء
ϷǿЩ·ɡһЦΪˣ˭̹ĵء
ʱԣߵϼһȼԶĵƽϣԾƶҪƬ춼Ҫһ㣬ɷ׳ۡ
һֻ׺չᣬ˻һӰƵϼûӰ١
ŵħɢһֳѹֵĿֲϢɸߵĵɷ񣬵ֱ
Ѫ콫ռ֮ŵԿ׸ңȻҲһźھ׵Ůɫ磬پµ㣬ȫƤ͸һӴѪɫâһ˫죬޳ϸѩסʮ糤ĺɫָγǿҵӾԱȡ
ҪΪĩħռ֮ŵԿκ˲öáһǵħش
Ůȵһ̧ƮƮزħšһغɫªࡣ
ħŵŮеࡣһʵصء
˵Ҫͼֹ顣ŮһЦһһֻѩ׳ëСʨӳǰſˮŮеࡣ
СѩпڸˡŮǳªһסСʨԾ¡ư͡ζز
ŮħػغӡŵһѺɫԿסǲ¶ĵЦݡ
˼̡ȥһĸߴӰͻȻŮǰϵͳʵ
ܵ𣿻ǸϿָĹɡŮһ
ұʮ꣬ôʱ䣬㻹ôңӰħǰײɱȴΨΨһŮûа취
ҪҲ㣬ˡŮ
ħݵĳĬڲȥ½һʮǿҲΣա
˵ƫҪȥأҲɱˣɱʱҲ۾գһ¡ŮЩɬ嶼΢΢
ħһӰȥʧŮǰ
СѩߣȥǸǿࡣŮźɫԿףħ
ƽԭλٴ󺣽䡣ʯɲݻһݣһһһػۣӸߴΪ׳ۡ
Ϲűһǻ壬Ŀ࣬ΪͼڣӲ彻ҲӲǡ
һСڰ޴ϡŴһżªķͻأһʯʯһߴɵӡǳǣǳ֮һصķţһʮֹŹֵĸо
֮СȻ¶֮ɫүʯǳԤѧ࣬ѵҲԤʦ
ŶһüͷϹ壬Ҫûһ֮
һСҪȥ֮ʱһâһĿֱ·һ֮УЦôԶˣļһﲻ
ƮȻأԶһźӰٴգۼǰվǶʮҵʿ⣬뷢ţɷǡ
һ֮ǸߴˣЩʿǰ͸ǰСһˡ
λԶһ𡣡һϵƮƮش˹֮ȴʵȷܲһ㡣
ʮʿһǰһһСľסȥ
ĸߴ󣬾סķȻҲøߴ󣬹Ͷª͸һµĺظУʷĵ̰ɡ
һСĵ˲Сɧһؾͻܵ⻹һνһЩ˶˼Ȥǻ̽ѰӵĿ⽻ϳ֡
һЩĿ⵹ûʲôоֻǺشܣв²Ŀġ
ʮʿһС쵽סһԺſڱ׮һ㴣ſڲˡ
λˣªе֮¡ǲϵٶ֮˵нڣ֮һ˵Ȼͬ
ԺӣȻһ޴ӣȴڿмӵ
аšһһ䣬˽סؾͷǸƵӲˣԺⶼûз֣û뵽һӱͻأӡ֮УЩ졣
һĿ߰±ߣɫ봹أһ繵֣߾µĲɣ۾ȴʮһߵĻǣװƽͣǾһ˫߲ӵе۾
𾴵Ĵףԭǵðһž˵
߻ִһ˵һĻǵ˫ɨһСǵⲻøң飬Իߵ·
߶˶ĿͣСϣһ̾ȻܹһȴҲȻԤԿԿĩȴĩĩ֮ĩΪ̫ı
һͷˮȴС˼ѵҲһλԤʦɣ
ƽٽĩĲԤ𣿡Сߡ
±һ֣ҽھУܿƣߵ
Ȼһ֣ǾûоˣⲻǷϻ𣿡һȴûֳ
߶СɫͻȻһתԺֳ︡һ棬һ޴Ȼײ˹һһѪȴ״߿شЦ
ԭˣԭˡߴЦСÿޱȡ
һСղſƺôһӣѲɿˣ
ֹ߽סЦͷǸƵӣϹǧ꣬ڵȵҪȵˣǹԲˡ
һɻѯӰޣջΪǹ˳ӳմȥ
ô£һƵ
ʱɾͻȻâʢΪһֱֱСϣһʮ֮Զ
ˣϵϢľӵʯͷϵϢơ黯һСģһʶ˵
һüͷӦһ䣬Ըȥļʥ̽̽ûϢ


646 뼯


С֮Уһͷ˿ҷ裬һſõǳüע룬ʶγһĪͼЩͼ˵ϤУ뵽ʦǸһŮӡ
Щͼĳصڡ
С󲻽ʱһӰȻʶ֮С
ʦСʶغ˳ֻһӰӣϤĸоζȴʦ졣
С㻹ǳˣΪʦûп֮壬Сһ
ʦ⡭ô£СЩʵ
ǸӰȴûκλӦȻŵϹػ壬ӵع֮ͨΪʦһλ֮㣬Ϊʦûп壬ֻӡӡ֮ΪʦҲûа취⿪ġһױԤԽ֮ƽ٣Ϊʦⷬ֤ǵһԤתŮܹҵ⿪ӡ㽫ΪʷΰԤʦ
СΪʦʱ䲻ˣѳΪӦ֮ˣ˺御ߣΪ֮Ӱ˵ɢСʶ֮УȻֻõĻӰûʶڡ
ϢɢȥǰɸߵӾҲʧһɶСĿáһۣ͸˫һԣ¡
ʱղ֪ʱۼ˺Ĳɫϼϼ۾ӵء
е˽Ի㼯СԺ棬عڵءڸոգϵĴǶȥڽӦ飬һһػ͵ԣһֽҲһµĿʼ
үʦ˵塣ǡҵظĸ綼ͨ˰СлعЩ㯵ʵԤʦԤԱĩΨԼ׽͸ҽ߲ҽɡ
壿һԾ㵡ָǴ֮ᡣѵС½Ů
Сղʦ˵ػظһ顣һ˼
תŮӡһüôЩϤ
һ˼ڤ֮ʡ˿ӵص𡣻һС˶˷ܵˡҷʥǿһ¹ص񡣡
һһϲҶˡڵµع
˿ڼӽûҲ򣬴ʱƺƵΧüžͷ
С㴦һ£ȥ¿һ˵
ǣүС
ʥذ֮±һɵĵص׹Χһ㷺ɻâĽ֮СⲻκνľڣһҪȥҪһ򡣱ϾϵϵΪ̣ãȻǲô׶Ըġ
һص׹õдϿžͼһԲθ̨һɫĵϣ֮⣬пտյûκΰ衣
һһܡĿ۽Բ̨ϵϡѹ⼸īҲûвϢԭ֮䷢ˡɵܣϢȻȫޡ
ʱһԲ̨һصͷ̣аֻûпȣȻһЦ湻̰ԵģѹνˣǶӣԲ͹һһ㣬ǻͣĺλߴ֮е
īϣڲڣһ
һĺӰһʶгΣīһ̾ϵ֮ոշãҲ֪ʲôʱָܻϵҲġ
˼ǰˣһ˷۵
ǵҲһҵʶʮȥˣǼһﲻ㶼򲻳ɡīЦ
ڴʱһӴѹͻȻ˷ӿ˹һֻ˫ϥһǾ޴ϥ΢΢˫ϥء
һɫһ䣬ϻû˭ϥǣһˣӴ뾫ӿ£΢ϥֱͦɽɣдһ˿Ц
֮Ӵ޾ƺһˣƵĳһ
һϵЦԽԽ䣬⿪ʼ죬ʣ˷ĪԼϥǳ˵Ρ
ơһȻһ𣬺ɫȻըɲͣȵ䣬
ϻâһҲ糱ˮһɢȥ
ȿСӣоϲһƻ̴ӵصݳһֵӰ
һǹһ˿Ѫ˿ӰȻīϣʮʶ֮
һԺӰһīأԳ֣񿩿Ц죬ͦңڵ
շƵЦīϣһʶ˳ȥīϵʶһ֡൱˵ӵʮĩʮ
īϿ˿Ȼעһв֪ΪԼЩ֪˱ֶ̽δŭˣĽŭһʱƽϢٿǹŵѪ˿ĲȻЩʹʵɵСӣΪβ֮ӡǺƵֵ
һȴĩ𻰣һ˫һ㶢졣
١СӣֻǺ㿪Ц棬桭񼱼ֵ鵹ͦϵأֻĩ˵꣬һĿ棬һĵð𣬱ܵزΣա
һϲʵ徹ʧֻһӰԭأͬʱм죬ֳĹ⻪һӴ嫵ǵصסӰӣ޴֮һ˹ȥ
󾪣һʼʹһϸо˼ӡԼƵϢ̽̽һ񼸳ʵȴĩ뵽һʽоһĪľС
Ҫ֪һѴ˲㶥塣ǾŲԲҲֻһ֮ңȻһҪĪĻлŽ֮棬˵ﵽھŲ֮ɽܣҰ֮У֮һǰĵҪһ֪֮
Ȼʧȴ壬ߴǰ׵ģ֣ϵħԪγɵ֮Уȫʢʱڵħڶʱ˵Ҳʮѵġ
ֻ֪ȣһһ𣬱ϾӿϣڣۼʽףȴòϵħһȦסԼʶ
ֻźһ䣬һ类񱩵ǣһƬ
СӻǸ̥Լ૵һν춯أﲻѣҪϵħԪطΪϵ֮˵ҪƲܰȻˣ꾿޵ʲôħ·һ޼ʵ棬ƺǴԭʼ֮⵹͸
Ǿ֮ʱͻȻһݣƼ̼һҵʶɵһĵʹ
һжɢɢָƽ֮ʱһޱվţһƣ˿ҵظס߿΢΢˫¶֮ɫ
ɫʱСȦɫҲ֮ǰࡣ
ɵòʯɡһջǾʯ֮ڡ
īЩ𾪵ٵʶ壬죬㣿
ЦͷһսˣϹͷǲˡ
ôܣ㲻ƣƾôءīϳ˳һü
ǺǣСҲ߯թֻС龹Ϣҵ֣ϼдСӵѹԱңǷе޸һ˵ʶ˶˵㲻أֻǱһ಻е㹢ڻȻˣ˵Сթս飬ûйƽԣҲֻˡ
īֻƭ飬һʱҲ޵ĩǶ˹ãڶԸħбȻҪáСӡ㰵һѣҲӦ˰ɡһ
һٺһЦ⾡˴ӶˣٽȥԵʶˣЦ΢ĩֶΣĪֲǡ
Сף΢ĩֶζ˵ңɴˡЦ
ˬСڣϲЩСЦһҲˡҲǲѣ̸˵ǹֵһԵīֱۡ
ԭʮǰħս֮ħߴܾˣħӡߴΪ֮䡣
һսѣ䱻ֵĲ´½ùͼ⿪֮䣬ȴĩɹ̰˼ζڷƽԭϹػļʥ֮±һĩʱƭƭȡǰʶ֮һʯ֮һ߱´½֮Ȼ䷨ǰգողīϵĺڰ֮ʱ֮ͻȻͻȻҲȴī
ʮľ쵱һѱһᣬ²װ
һȤ켸䡣ͻȻ֮λԼɢˮţһȻߴ񡣳˺ڰ֮񣬻ʶд棬ˮ񣬷͹ʶȴɢ䲻Ʊϣ֮ӡ֮Ҳӡ׶༪ˡ
īϺҲǶ쵽һ£һʱóĬ
Сӣƽ㱣ܣҵʶ뿪طȥѰЩóԺúȵ´½Ķζˣȥ½ʶһ¡ͻȻµֵӶҪûˣ˵ű㽫һɫԲƬһʶ֮С
һֻʶһƵļƺעһȫµоԼЩһˣһʱֲ֪ﲻһߴۣһоԲƵġ
īʶҲ֮ûһڣֻһУĿʧеľ񶼼ʶת߿ơ
Ƶļ룬ߴ֮һ໥ϵŦ·ϵħԪƺп£͸ɲһСⰡ
һվãȻѹһ㣬ٴλһһû
ʱϷʥϣ嶼ۼһ𣬿ȵĿڼ̨һ翵Ů֮ϡ
Сһͷ˿ϥ͸ͫ˸ĹȻ䣬СüݳһǳӰΧһصͼ˿յȴͻȻûʼ֣ӳСΧͼԵüĪ⡣
еȴһһϵسСĤݡ
̨âʢ½ӡСƮ
ֻſ꼸̨ͻȻѿһӵķ϶
·Ĥݵ˼״ϣдʡ
ʮž޴ӨѷƮ𣬸Сǰ
Ϲŵػʿ޾ǳ֮ΪѰɡСȵͫһתǳȻһ£ʮӨɢ澹ʮλŹ׾ףֳսʮ׵ľʿǲһʿǴ˵еϹػʿ
Ȼ䣬ʮλػʿͬһʱۣĿйâֱ뷢һĺУǵѡ


647 Чڷ


ѪȾƬأƬҶڷдתƮ䣬̾ǽֵ֮ϡ
ΪǴһ˿֮⣬Ҷݲݱ֪ʱǾӸ߲µ¶ȴɡ
콵Ѫ֮գĩҥɣڹһ֮£ҥԽƽеĿֻΪҵǿƽҲ֪ôһȺħƬأڲԼ̫ӵµӢ쵼֮£һеѶ˷
տʼԼĺӲξѵԱ㱣һЩԽжСħԺУѧ׷״֣һЩ˼ҲԸˮ棬ΪȨԼһ
ϿգһϮӰȻ֣һ˫ѪɫӾע·쳣ĳС
磬ͷ׶ʣϧϧӰѪʢν䵭ֱʧ
СϹͣΪһףٻ˯ʮϹػʿΪԿħһ
һ˲´½ֽͻƵ˲۷壬Ѱƣߴƣϵħ֮γһ΢ı仯˴β֮пνջ
Сͳ壬һҴҷ۹ǣī˵ӦûһɭѰһ档
ص۹ҹʱľľܱʼ֮۹´½ļƻʵʩԼ֡Ȼһһ۹Ա飬ľʵһȴ˶а˿и
ôϢһֻůĴִľ̵ļϡ
ľȻСԴȥһƬů֮С۾һֻɢèһ㡣
̫ˡǵֻҪøͺáΪҲᱻϿ塣һЩعĵһ͵ľڰȥƣ
֪ˡҵغ÷ľĵԴһй˹ʵֻҪߡһ㶼ˡ綼
˾ӵһһڵ̡һҾ͵øϻز½ȥ
ľ΢΢ͷĻ²ʱ˷ǳʱ̡綼ûһϵҪҪˡ
ءľ̺ͻȻϼ档źϡǶر֡
һľ̰ŵ˵⡣һֻ˳һش죬ָſɼ£ʱ߸ߵ
ľĹҪ⹴û˭ֵܵס˹ͷ֡
һаɲǼ䱻ȼһסľҪ¶飬Բҵʮ㡣
ľ̽һذϣҧ޺´˵سһŸѹ硣
һһִɨȥļͽḻ̌ϣΰѹȥ
ʱ׷ɣڼнΪһ塣
Ҫˣ÷ٿһ㡣
Сɧӣ벻ˬһ㡣ľݼݼſ洫ѿڸꡣסԺҵģȼ䲻һɧҺϪȡһн˫ȣҪȴӣһаҪȥ͵͵
ʵڵһľͲľݼݼصǳĳִ̼ĩֹͣ
ʱľݼݼŲסŷ˽ȥ
һЩף㵽ֹľȴֻ˵Ա߿㲻ø̼𣿡
һһ٣ĳײȻӿ졣
ľ̻Ӳ̼һſϣһȼ䣬Բβһʱ鲨˹һֳ֮֡
ľݼݼļ˽ŢһƬϢҪȼһ㡣
ͻȻ䣬ľ̼䣬Ȼֱ΢գ䷢һƳĽ漴̱һ֮ϡ
ľݼݼγѣȼȵҺ˴ȣӣҪȥⲢ硣
ʱľȴһ֣źգߵľݼݼȴ޴سڳǰ
һľһۣɧЩ˰ɡ
ݼݼ֪ϲһܾˣһͬСΣľ̿ЦֱľݼݼƵһС
ľݼݼһһҶԺһƬհסǼ価һҰϢ
˵ʵľݼݼľ̳ƣɫζѷɫֻľһһЦ޲ǣľݼݼֱʡĻĶܶ඼дϣһ
ҲΪˣľݼݼһ˼ν˲֪ˣһȻУֻߺڶ࣬Թ˲Ͼ֮ͲѰ˼
ʱľݼݼƴӻлعȻſֱһȵغһʵ֮ϡ
һҡľݼݼʲôˣֻΪһ˿λãֻΪһֱߣĿżפϱѡ
⣬һģ̧ľݼݼ°ͣͷȥ
ĺ촽ҷ磬˰졣һһţһɵؽ⿪ȹ
ľݼݼ¾ɫ˪ѩͦΣһգȸǱֱ޳Ʒ˲֮ġ
ֻһ̥ƫڲͬ˵˼ɫŮŮҲγĴ֮ģˮţǿǸ߸ϵߴ֮һ˷ǵηɫ콫ˡ
ľݼݼ֮һʦֶΣˮ߰Ťȼ¶֡޲ýֹһڡ
һҶ֪⡣ľݼݼ϶Ϊһľ鶯ñ鲻ͣһĦ
һҹľ̽ùЧڷɣһζ
ֻʱȴ˶֣ͣ泿¶Өѵһˬ峿һڽطϴ£ǵͱͨ½Ĵ
أ´½ҽΪ׵ľḧ˸һؿЦ
Ϊңһü
Ǻǣ˿ٽعһͳõķж𣿡ľ̽Ц
һʼ磬Ĵ㣬ƽȹⳡѣҪһͳͷӻ׳ˣԼĺҲˣԼңڡ
Ůһǣһվ봫ħУ׹һʧڲ´½
ڲ½ʥħѧԺĺɽһӰƾճ֣һ˭أ֮ҪͨѧԺĹŴħԻɭ֮УѰһ
һվɽɽǴħѧԺѧԱʦһָиҪֱţѧԺзַ
ҵѾˡһЦҡҡͷͻЩɣ˵ĩ˲ǾŻ̾


648 ħ繫


һпһźɽĹŴħȥƾԴħ˽ʵҪǴħײˡ
ǰһ·һƤ΢΢һ۽ҷһ֮У棬һ˿ĪϢ
һŲһ٣ܾϢŵϤͷ
ֻһһΣ䣬ŨܵĲݴԣһֻѩƯСʨ峺ССβͲסҡš
ءСʨСͽС֫˹СԴȵزһĿǡ
һƵСʨϣܲһа봿ĻϢûŪСһ֮ǰɲҵġ
СʨӲ˰ΣǶһѥӺͿǲŨȤʱצӲŪţСͲʱҧĿҳš
СһðģһСʨüͷʵ
СʨӺҵ֫һ龹ȻʮԻ
һһ˿˳ʨë̽䣬ȴԴħ˵ĵطȻʯ󺣰ʧӰҪСʨ߱ķҪ϶ֽšһ֣˵СʨӵĲ˲ĹϢһ֡
СѩСѩʱһŮԶԶɽϴӦʮö࣬Ľ꼱ȴøɬʧȥŮеԲ
ʱһеСʨӶʱ˷һؽšһ߷
ôŮӦþֻΪСѩСʨӵˡһĿһСʨ߳֡뿴ŮǺηʥ
ܿ졣һײײӰһǰСʨӽеøӼлˡ
Сѩҵˡ켱ˡŮһеСʨӡ˹ûü̧ͷһһһѶСʨӱ˻Сϲ
СʨͷȥŮյؾӨ顣ڰοһվšϸϸǰŮÿһŹʡŮƯ׼عµ١峺ͺеСʨһ㡣ڼɫһκγ֮ûľ̵ġûбӢû˫񵭡û˿̵͡һôͨɬ
áŮƺŸоһĿ⡣һ̧ͷӡ΢΢һ벻ͨΪʲôô͵ΪʲôȴܽԼһǰƺΡ
̫̫ӵ¡ŮźΣſڵ
һջ̽Ŀ⡣΢΢ЦŵͷĻ½ֻҪҵһʶ˻еѡ
ʥħѧԺѧһЦʵ
ǵģ̫ӵ£ʥħѧԺ߼ˮϵħһѧ˵̫ӵҲࡣŮһĽһĳߡ
Ŷʲôֻ֣Сʨ𣿡һ˿׵ʵ
̫ӵ¡ҽ˼̡Сѩǰģʱû۾ء֪Ϊʲôᱻ˼ü
ˣСѩôأԵݡһЦؽŵĿ䣬ЦҲԵЩ֡
˵ҲŶ˼̵ͷʵ̫ӵ£ôʥħѧԺأôûѧԺʦ˵
ͨѧԺĹŴħԻɭ֡һЦ
ѧԺðմǸԻɭְ˵̫ӵµ顣˼˫ĺġ
ǰȥ𣿡һЦʡ
ûðմһΣһҪȵء˼һ˿
Ǻǣ벻ǰȥһأһЦ
ҡĿȥ𣿡˼̾ϲ˷ܵһһ˿ϣ
Ȼһʼ磬ЦºͶá
һ˼˺ɽĹŴħֻСʨҲಽظ˼̽űߡ
һͳһħʯڷ˼ıӰüһ壬ʵǿƺһ۾ͿԿ͸ϸһ룬ƺʲôħ֮ڶζһ˲׽͸ĸоһȻʹĸħ֮ħ
˼ȻħΨһŮħǰ½ʶһħ繫ӽһĿȻԶ͡
Ŵħһʧһ׹֮С
ԻɭȻûκθı䣬һ㵭䣬׵ľӰӰ´£ͷ
ǰԻɭˮգȣ壬飬һɹȻһЦʱˮջĵʦ廹ŮװΪԻɭһ˵ؾ˻ɽׯͱǧǰż˻ëƵ椶ڵصҿ˻ĵշ޻롣
ȥ˷ǰת˲ʮ䣬̫鷢֮ǰһжУΪһδȻı䡣
˼һһ˿Զ΢Ц֮ǰԽйоǶЦݱĺ塣
˼̣ĸĸأһͻȻʵ
˼һβŵ׺͸׶һ¶һĵүүҸ󡣡
һܰүүˡһЦʣĿעڼŮŮ
ǵģҺܰ˼̲˼ش
ǣûдпĺۼһͻȻסЦݣº͵ĿɲǼ
˼һ̧üԻ̫ӵ£Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ǺǣװˣһаôһůģǱûһ˿¶ȣò˵ʵװúʧܣһŮӦþеĸ㶼ûУ뿴㵽ʲôı׾ӵҲٿȥˣ˵ɣ㵽˭ӽкĿģһЦţļµĺڶһ㶢˼̡
˼̱һٱ䣬ΪһƬ䣬ĵһ޸飬˸һ˿ѪɫĹâ
̫ӵ¹ȻĿ棬βٲ²ҵݺĿġ˼̸ŻСʨѩ׵ë
ħ硭ħߵĶӡһ˼һЦú޺ʵⲢѲ£ͷŵ˱ħŮȻװúܱ棬ʱ񲨶ҲǡšϵѪȱϢϸ΢仯ŮαװСʨǴаӵĹϢɲɡ
ܴ¶ǰ벿ȴ´˺벿֣ħʹҡ˼Ϻâһָ˱òһͷɫѪɫâӣ͸ļԼʮ糤ĺɫָס
һһ˼̵пħĺԼһ˵ĸӸоѵħʼŮ˲ɣ
䲻ħǻ쵰ģȴͬҪ˼ѪʢС̧ǳĺɫָ׷һâ


649 1


Ϣɲʱڿ֮У̵Ĵ̶졣
һüһ֮ٺЦħһͷڹ꣬ԼŲһŮ
˼ѪâʢԼĸףȴ˵һ仵
ȥ˼һƶ趯ѽرȥɳ
Բ׼ӰӰ´£ƺ˼̵ӰƫƫÿһеظܵϢ˷ֲ١
ǿ֮սرʵԶģȫֱ·ֻѰŵʵĹܷͷȻһԶؾʯУǲԸһ͹䣬Ҳһˣ˵ħŮˣҲĩطϣٴϢʵԼв硣
һеվԭأ˫ָڱ˼⡣
дȻҡ˼Цһ̧ȻʮâӰϢسƺ޷ӦһϮȥৡһ绮Ʋ񷣬ʮâǽһ˸͸
˼ָצһ֮ȴǿնأ˵ڳˡ
ﬡӰʱΪޡ˼ѪɱⰻȻصǰЦһʮĺָױһǶס鲻
ɱң˵㡣һЦһ⡣ȴʵʵڵؾһ亹Ů˹죬צץʱһ޴ظоƺﶼᱻצӴĶ
ǵʯ䣬ԴϢȫһЩóӰϣſסŮˣһвŲһʱ䡣ֶǿȴɶιͷˡ
˼һ˿ı飬һǯס˫֡
һɫӰȻƮצӴӺ滮һĲ
ȻлһѪɫâǰӰһ˻ȥһ߶һźعֳѪɫá
ɵòһЦ
磬ҪҪˡնͫкâ˸˵Ȼ࣬Ȼееζ֮ǰȴ֮ˣҴ˵˲١
ͺãħСúúһ棬Ҫ浱Ҳ½һͿԲˡһЦ
˼̾ſԵǿãʲôʱҲֻ룬һļµȫλΧоĩֵĿ־ζ
һǯס˼̵˫֡ͷŵעؾʯеϢħСŮر顣ЧȻͬһ㡣
˼಻£һ衣˫һĿƣȰһӰʧԭء
μ˼ȴԾħӰϢ˿¶ྐྵȻಽؽƵıһ㶼ΪĻԣԾȻĸħôǿ󣬵ɲŶʮֲ꣬ĳɳǱԽħֻʱ⣬ʱ֮зΪƸΪֻǵаˡ
Σš˼ҧҧ޼ħϾŮҲħ繫ϲȻر̬һħΪ֮ˡֻƾʵԻɱֻˡ
һһ׷һϷˣСèƵ׷˼̣ʵп֪ħ繫ħӰȷҪסȴʮǿֻеиһ˿зˡ
ҵƬһһȴ׷һɣĴӺڰԪռзųޡСϻ˼ֵ̿ܳķλнػ
˼úַɱһ֮ʱͻȻǰһһͷ˻ʥȦ֮Сʥ˲ýʯӰ٣൱޴˼ܹħӰϣֻԱ˺
СŮүطֽ֡һЦŸ˫ּ˼̵
˼̼һָʱԣȻ֮ڱԴħ緢һһһצ
ֻſһ˼̼һصˣԭȻһһצħرһץ飬һֻ˲¶ܵбϢ
һһ㶣漴ٺٻЦһŵѩ׺ϵһ̺챻һħ繫Ŀ治Ǹǵġǳߴ״
һ˦ȥ˼ȥ㲡Ҫһԡ
ʱ˵ϮռۿɼŤΣ;׵ľ˲仯Ϊҷɡ
һüһһ䣬ǬŲ˲˳˼ȴʧӰˡ
ħ˲ٸһڱ˼ʧĵط˼
˼̵ħŮ˿ݺܲһ㣬ЩħƺרΪħ˲֪ϹﶨһʵԼŮ֣ŮԼءҿü۶ɢӦĩ£ѵħŮɣ
һȻ֪¶ˣֻûиݵǲ룬ĵطȴúڰֻСʨסǿж֮ϵ
ԽԽˡһЦļ
¸ЦǽһһȻЦˣȻЦʵ˲ҹάһٵĽֲپϢĲѪˡ
һ˼תǧأʵԽԽǿԽԽߣԻһձһԣгһջ֪ʲôӡ
һ˦ȥðһ˿ǡ߳ɳġʶľٶǿÿһĳɳӡڡӦõᱳѲǡ
ʱ롢СϻͿ޾ۼһߣһ㽫עתƵֻѩ׵СʨϡǾõһһ㣬צӽСʨķɣǸԾͷһײСʨֱлȴûа˿֮
ףֻʨӡӦħ֮֮޵ӽĲ֣ôе񡭡һʶð
ʲôһ׷ʵ
ǺǣûʲôСӣǸħŮħ繫ħ۰Ůץס˿ɾͶһŶԸħˣϧϧûɵԲӰһʶҡͷԵ˵
һĿһ漴ûƲӣ˵ƨãؼʱôæ
Ҳ޴Ӱħʵǿؼλֶڱ󱣻״̬ȴǳֲá˵
ΪʲôǲһҸɵһɻ
ǺǣСӣҲ𿴵Լ֣ȻһӮˣҪȴǲڻ£ǵӦǱħ繫һǹħĲǡ͵
һͷͣҪǲڻ£ؾʯɲһӲޱȵĹĶ棬ȫʢʱڵħһʱҲκðɡ
Сϻ޳˾ͲԸٻغڰԪռˣ࣬Ҳһߡ
ǣһ޺һħɭ֣ɵصڽ˵ؾ


650 2


ʹߴŻ޵ĵеĵؾܵ߹ĽӴֻһżûؾǶ㾶ֱȥ˵ҽ۶֮С
Ϥĵط˷ֱܵУһӱǷڷɽ͸ҽ֮Уˮһ˺üء
ҽ˿һ˲ٿͷȴһ㲻Ӱ죬һǵľˡȻС˶Ʋϡ
أһһµҽ֮нǸ۶ܿѰҵ˵лʯ֮С
ʯȻ޵Ʈڿ֮УֻǻȴʧȥӰ
졣īϣûиоϢһʵ
ʯгϢ϶ֻ֮ȴҲоˡī˵ȻҲʮֽ
ѵȥ˲½һ²
Ҳܣֻڲ½ʱҲûвϢ϶֮䷢ĩīϵ
һʯתѰ˿ʶеī磬վսħɱ֮λΪأ񡢷лвʮ´ӡǺҷ𣬶ӡǱľ̵ִ֮һ³Ҳ࣬ҲѶȫޣôǲأ
ʱһʯ֮ϣɴϽɣѤһȥʶеػͻȻһ뱻µĶ˸Ӧ
һһƿʯи״İۣгȵĻϵħ
һһƴʶзɳ˿ϷǶ뵽ǰ֮Сֻһ֨졣֮û˶һɻץƣͻһ׶ĵʹȻ˦˦ʹнǰһжһ״ӡ֮ҲһԵϸС
ӡһ૵ͻȻȾһĪرˣȴΪīϵԵʣӡʽһϣҲоϢߴһλܲ˸С
ʱԶһʶǰȴһϸСס
磬īӣǿʮĩˡһʯǰеСͻȻһƬȵĺ⣬γһ޵ĻŮӰüĿԼģǻֻ˭أ
棬ˣұӦýд㡣īöһ˿ոջĲѣȴڳƺϴ粽ãˣŮվŮ˰
ˣûӣͷǻ鶷죿ı飬˵һӹɵơ
Ȼī涼ĬǶ֪ƽʱϲЦ˵һһûǿƵĹ񶼲ҷһ䡣
ǰ御٣ʶ̬ȴҪȴˡ
˵浱вȷҪȴһǺˣû˵īһһһϿλʶľˡ

½һ֪Ľ˼̷ѪɫӺݺݶǰʮλʮ׺ħ󽫣ǽŰħֳָߵȼħǳħ֮ħ֣ͷ˸ħӡ֮ħӵħ֮һΪޣѪħ޷˼̶Ҫɵ֣ħԼŮԭ
˭ҪǸأǸһȥûǵİæܹ˼
ֻǷħĪҪΪǡһħ罫˵
ҲҪܡҲٸҡ˼̺һҪߡ
һֻë޵Ľʵֱ˼ǰһȴѪħޣ£ħ£Ҳħ繫ϵħ˥ǽԼҪħ𣿡
޲ŭ˼޴ӷֻһس裬޷סԼŭû۸֮ػţֻȴȥһġ
ҹĻ١һ׺ʯīɴ˵ס
˼̶ɽϵһʯϣçç񷣬ӿ𵭵
ף̶㰡˼ҹնŰһǣ˵ĸǣеĸ׺ͺӡ
һҹ紵˼ɪһ£ӽñֻԼƬ̵֮һҪøӼǿ
ѪħԶԶҹ˼̹¶Ӱҡͷһ̾ħ繫ħѪĸħɱģ·û˿дڡֻһį˵ĺӰˡħļҲǸ쳣
һͷձרעԼħļԺġ
ʱȥɷȻ˫ɽ˼̣˼ȻһϢҲ쳣ȴЩԾ
¡ƾճ˼߻˼̽˫ĿµʯΪһһ㡣
Ƥһ˼̼ȥȴԼֺ谭ش˹ȥǸӰ
⣬ô˹ˡ޿Ц黹׸ħģħʹ͸˹˼̣ܻûһ壬ϢиӦһɶõıû뵽շԼŪȥ
һҵ˻棬ûħɭֱֶ͵ȥ
ߴۣҲʶڣһҲࡣĿǰħʵĩָʱڲ½
֪ħؿռͨҲڱ̶ȣ˵ɱħһֲһЩε뵽ٱӣôضԷϳûð
͵һȻӿ죬ҰްֱоΣյĴڡ
䡱һһͻȻֹâ񱩵ռŰ
һαܹĵ㣬ˣĻֶŤѣǱţ־Ҫˣǿɲġ
һӰ֣ҵĽţ˫˫ȶеѪâҲҧгݵضһû뵽;ħ͵ѪȱħȻһ˹ȥԼһϢԶɽͷԼӰϣڵԼһ㣬ôܲõ
Ǻǣ㣬үڲȥ㣬ȻԶٺòˡһЦѾСŮǿ֮ĩˡ
µģҪɱ㷽ǡ˼ߵ촽гһƼЭķ֮ɫǰֳһѺԿģĶ


651 


һüͷһֱֹ⿴ûκԿģСŮϵ鿴ҲǲԾ
ռԿףãСӣϿˡīϽһ
һīǾΣûκԥǬŲƱ㼱תȴһɺ嫵ƽ
ˣռԿ׿Կħͨ½ͨȻҲԿͨ޾յͨб㣬֪ɡ˼ЦţЦݲٱ䣬۽ˮ䡣
Ȼ䣬ŨīĺɫûƬأһ߿ƼںɫһʺĹâ漴ŵӰ١
һ˼ƾʧԭأƺ޾֮СѪħʮλħڿĿһȴֹħ¿Ҫŭˣ˵һŭ֮ѱ
ħ磬ħ
ָħ޵Ļر¿Ѫâ죬ħԲڳΪһƬ档
ޣѪ̶Ҫò½ȮħԸ
£Ѫ̶˵ٻָǡ޷ħջس
ض˵ҪΪ̶ᡣħ
֪ħľ˿ɸģȥ
̧ͷգûһ˿ʣһ覵ؾ޴ʯǲçȺɽ಻򼸵Ȫӿ£ˮ̰Ʋݣɾ
һգ۾ܣЩɻؿɫͷֱֹүүģִԽ˰ɡȻǰĵҲǲ½طûаɫ̫
һһޱȣ浽һҪˣŮĸĸô죿ĩĺӡ
XXĸ졣һ뵽Ҳ벻ȥˣһԾ𡣳ȫеʹ֮⵹Ҳûʲôʡ
Զħ繫˼Եſڲݵϡ
һһŮһȥ̵ͦƨɾţŮ˺ɢúĥһ޷ͷ֮ޡ
˼ţеǲСŮĿɲǸǵأǰһúͺοǼƷеļƷ
һƽһ飬ʼزطħԪؼŨ½ʮֹһļѵط
īϣ죬棬ӿˡһлżľλƽôлīٲҪˣȴǰһ㷴ӦûС
һ䡣ʲô񣬹ؼʱӰϴڲ´½Ҳ
һ˼һˮ̶ߣһȪˮ˳壬ˬࡣ
ͻȻ䣬һüͷ֣ˮ̶һֻźһˮʮ׸ߡ
԰ط֮ûûڰһ˼Ⱥɽƣ컨ȪɽȴӦһϢûУһֻ϶Ҳⲻ̫
Ҫ֪Ҫػǧ֮ǲʵֵģ˵ѳطȴһƬš
ʱϵ˼һ۾ӳǷŴݣٲֱµˮ
˼ԽЩתǸൽ޾ȥԼô£
˾ſڵװһϤضĤ֮С
˼̷ԵһԾת⿿̶һµһȴǿɶЦͻȻתΪһƬ͹죬۾ЩĿ
¸£СŮҪ𣿡һֵЦ
˼һ漴ĿԼǰθ꣬ͷһһض¡
ԭһƵذ˼̵ϵ̶ߣ˼̵ػɶȥ߳¶һԲĽ飬մһЩмֱһ̿ס
˼̴ӿռָͳһϣֱ޵ҧгݣʱȻһͻϮʱ˴ʱһض֡ͬʱҲʼܵĻаɫ̫ʱͻȻһҫ֮գ磡
磡һȻվ鼤Ļǿ̫ˡлص½ǵһ磬ǿ·Ű
СŮ磿һʵ
Ҫ㡣˼̰һһۣͷһֻĿȸҪ֪𣿱ƫ㡣
һʼ磬˵СŮıҲµóӦþ硣
ʵ˼Ҳĩ磬ʮǰħսʱС֮˵˲٣ϵ̫ҫ֮գֻҲкһͬɻΪʲô˴һﶼҲأ
СŮĿռԿأһЦʵȻǿռԿ׿ԽǴ͵磬ȻҲԴ紫ͻز½ˡ
ûˡ˼֪һʲô⣬ֻǿռԿ˵ɽħ磬ֻǵʱҪһ޾֮УǿռԿ֧ˡпܻصȥ
ûˣһЩй뵽磬ߴƣֻҪҵеĳҪȥزѡСŮħ繫Ǳ˷ֳ磬ˡ
뵽һƳ˼һۡȻ˼̺һһȥˣɫЩѿ˵ʱһʱ嶯ҪһͬھһûԼɾЩˡ
Σ뿪طǵ֮ûκλڵĹط˭Ҳᾫ
һǰһͬһӶȥٶǼ졣ϵҫ֮մӶٴһ·ȥûзκλһϿյİɫ̫ᶫƶԶƽߡ
طеаŰһվһɽͷԶߵɽ塣ǰıˣôãɽȻôңԶƺԶܵ
ڶɽҲڶǳ߶Զ˶Զ˼˼һ˵
һ°͵ĺӣָоһĸоǰֻҪһЩ֪ʶͻף޷ǹֱߴԼӾǶȵ⣬ѵ˵ĵطһص˹ߵĴôǵӾĲܵˡ
Ȼ۾ɿô۾þһֱǰ߾ͺˡ
˼ȻΪʲôһҲøô࣬ˡ
˱۾˳žָķӣ̶ֻϢʱ䣬ͻȻһǿȥ
һȻ˫Ŀͻ䣬·һ޵ԨһӴ˷ɿ³һʵʵں·ʲôطҲ֮֮׹ȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãһԿԨײһЩĽͶѻɽ۰׹ǡ
ѵҲǵħսսɣһ룬ܿ㷢Լ²ѾųOͣԵټʵͨ죬Ϻжˡ
ֻһѶѵĹǺгǧİʹкĩŵʮʹҪ֪عҲǰѣƽǼܣѪʬ壬ǼзӨӨߵȼк洦ɼҵɢԨ
⡭⾿ô£һԲ˫Ŀûز
˼Ǻòȥħˮݣ֪ĵȼߵʹҲֻаѳΪĹ񣬿ʮʹһʲôĴڰЩڣħ粻֪˶ٴˡ
˾þòԱⳡסˡ
Щʬ֪жˣ絽׷ľޱ䵼Ľ֡ߴ񲻶˵ɴʶģôǰһôͣ˵ʸʬǰٶǲߴĴڡ
Ҳ֪˶ãһŴޱ𾪵лع̧Ų۹Ǻ֮䣬ʹˣЩǺǿޱȡ
һߵһ߾޴ʮʹǺǰʰеƣһһơ
գֻаֻλʮֻһʱʵҲĩֲ̫ˡ
찡Щв䣬ʵ˼ǰֻˡһ̾Ϣ૵Щʧ䡣
ԶǴߴɵĲƾ޵ӳܱкԵʮ
һһһ޵Сĵرܿһ߾߹Ǻߵ޵֮£̧ͷɾԼôС޵ܲƣۻ֮ȴѹġ
߽޵ʮɸߵĴţһеעǿӲӵԲο
أһ㳯ȥ·ʲôԼƵġ
Ȼ䣬һȫëըһɾ㤵ĸоһͷŴܹͷƤһ飬һһֻʣ˲
һתͷþ޵ߵӰгһ̵ӣһ޴Ӱ
ֻӰվһԶжʮ׸ߵһɫıվţһЩ
һ𾪵ǣ˱Ȼʮֻ򣬶Ҿīһڡ


652 ʮʹ


һ˵ʹɫڣ߶ʹ
ʮʹɨһͻȻһ֣ʮɸߵĲƴһϡ
һƤһ屪Ӱἰ۷壬ʱ׼йϵıȴ¶㣬ʵ˭
˭ʮʹ϶ɳƣü˼ƺ˼һµ⡣
ʱ̫ˣõҶԼ˭ԼΪʲôڡʮʹҡͷ̾Ϣһûж⡣
ǣһôҲû뵽ôһ𰸣ʬôʱʮʹ̵˫ȴɱ¶Ȼ˺ܶ飬֪Ǵ˵һɵ
ʹеġֻڿǻкĩһ㱬𣬾޴񴸺Ȼ֣ſ񱩵ݺݳʹȥ
䡱һǶʹϷһ㱡ĺɫ֣һֱֻһ飬ľͬʱǬŲޣȻƾʧʧһɲǣһƵĺâղĿռ֧顣
һںʮ״ֳΣɫѼ壬䶢ЩĶʹתķӡԣʮʹܿģղһܾ˲зϵĽˡ
ЩԾСһʹˣȻʹòϵ˵
ٺ٣ٶҲֻһƾһҲɱңһٺЦƺļŭ
ʹȻŭʮһչ޵֮еؿռ·һ㡣˴
һһȡһ߲ʻ⡣ǲҪٴγŶʹ˹
ʹ˫һʮâŤŽһŰΧ˵һʵ˵в
ʱʹȴһȻתӡ絯ɰ˳ȥС
ʹȥĴֻһſ֮ϡǰбΧһȴƺһ˳һŤ㽫ǽӲӵؿСԭΣعͷȻŶᱦ⡣
һؼܼ򵥡泯ŶʹһƵͻϮ˵߼֮СʶػΪ񡣶ƵزʹճʮֻȴȻϵˡ
һ֪͵ϮҲ˲ʹĿתֻĽɫ̡
ʹ׼ŭŭ֮޵ҡź˵
һŶʹƲƲ죬Ĺ֮ǰϹâһ˱ؾʯ֮С
ʹۼǰͷ­һľʯͻȻһ緢ƵĹʯ
ھʯеһܹҵ𵴣˵ʯķʮʹֽģ⹥ǿȿʯҲŲ˶á
һȴû˿ţڵĹ۲žʯǳ㣬Щǳкأ
ʹ׷ˣ̵˫Ѫ죬гһľʯ֮ҲûⶫΨһͷ
ʱһƼϸɫŲƵľ޵϶˳ȥһС˶֮㳯ž޵񱼣Ԩʯǰһ;£̳һ󡣽ŴϹâһһؾʯȻ֣ѳ˵Ѻۡ
һµٳһʯ͵ˣµһʱͻᱻǷĶʹ˺Ƭ
Զ޵ɢҡҡ׹Ȼһ죬ǲƵľ޵¡һΪһƬ棬мʬ֮УʮӣֲɢǧʬŮɢˤ׳ۡ
СŮ°ɡһ˻ھ޵֮ħ繫˼̣ͷһǾ޵̳ɢʮʹӰ
ãһʼž޵ķȥʱʮʹƺʧķһ㣬뼰ʯϵϢԼģһʯǲʲôް
һߵԱߣֻŻһһӰƺ̣ҡҡ׹أֱһƨȴǷʮʹ
һţˣҲסʹ̬Ĺˡ
СӣվסҲ˺ˡʹϵ𣬴޾Ĳɣȴһְá
һͣ½ŲҲȫֻʹʵ˵ǿ֮ĩҪԼȫп
һƺһƵĶʹ̵ɣƺڻŲ׵¡
Сӣˣʹʵ
Ҳ֪ҴӲ½һʼ磬ļ귽ʽ֪갡
½Ǹɣǰɲв½ʹ˵
һһЩ˵һ飬ἰʮħս
ʹĬãȻ̾û뵽ѾôˣȻˣߴȻ򲻹ħȺСӣǸһΪһ֮˽ֺ˹
ǰˣһʵ
ʹĬĬͷ̾Σҵ֮ϨϾҪʧˡ
һȻһָʮʹħܷˣû뵽ѵ;ƿݵľˡ
ҲգҲգֵȫ˰׹һѣҶкáʹͻȻЦ
СӣʵңǾʯͷĵЦգʹʵ
ڲ½һѨ֮Сһʵ
ܸܲҿʹ˵
һûж룬㽫Ǿʯͷ˹ȥ
ʹСͷ˿ʮָӣлʹ޻һ˿˵Ŀ
Ȼġ񣬹ͷǰ׹һѡʹһ̾ϢأԴЦ֮ȴޱȡ
һŵôţ˶䣬ֻǶʹЦֹȴֲôϣ²ǰ£һһ쳣ʵ񻰹£ֺֻҡ
ʹЦᣬҲһǾӨ͸ģڵϣһɢŹıʯǧ֮󣬺һڰħ̾ͽжʹ֮ᣬ˵ǶľʮʹᣬռµһıȻ˺󻰣Ҳᡣ
Сӣϸ˵˵ʮǰħս顣ʹƽ֮ʵ
һ㽫֪ʮǰħս鼰˵һ飬˳һЩԼĿ
ҾͲˣ羹ȻħϳĶֱ֪Цһ޵˵
ߺߣħ籾ֵĿռ䣬ͷڰħأħڶħ磬羹Ȼ᲻֪ħģдʹŭվʮչƾ졣
Сӣ벻£ʹ̾
һʹҪһæʸصͷ


653 ֮


ܾúܾǰʱĲ½ǻһƬĸǻ廹ԭʼ״̬紦Ϊǿʢʱڣʹϡ棬ʮʹҲѼͬʱߴֻǿ
Ǹڰ֮ϱ˹֮ܵϱ츳޾ףϵʣΪһǧʵȾߴ֮ϡߴΪ֧֮糤ϻƣϱȻʵǿֻ糤ϻᶨλΪһ
ڰ֮ϱ˹ϸܵϱǣλⳡѱڴʱ
ɽǲֵܣϱһ£۾עŰʹɽ
ǵȻһ𳤴ӵˣǱֵܻסɽŵϱǵļЦ
ô۷ʲô飬㶼𣿡ϱǽʵ
⻹õ˵ϱǣǲʲô鷳ˣɽֵʵ
ǺǣҪϹ룬ֻʡϱЦˡ
ɽŵϱǵıӰ˼֮Уһʱ䣬һֱõϱЩԾߴ֮Ҳǰӿ߻᲻ʲôϵأ
ɽܿͷϱȻЩſ񣬵ȷʵʸôģɽ롣Ϊڰϱ˹Ϊε£ʮߴ֮ĹϵЩ죬ˮ񣬹зԺڰ֮ϱ˹ƺڻʲô
ӹž޲һչȥߴ֮Ĺϵȴš
ɽһֱôŵϱǡֱ
ϱ˹Ҳ̫סΪʲôһʱһֱѹƵϱǡ˽ʱɽһֱֱڰֵ֡عϵһܡ
ϱ˹ԵЩƣһ̾ɽұڰ֮λҰĲֹڴˡ֮ϡǲѶΪ֮ơȻ츲ء
ɽ֡ϱ˹ȻûбҪƭҡϱ˹֮ǰ糤ϻɵϱǽغ֮λֻϻᲢûͨ
֮ߴ֮عϵȶ񻯡ӰתСڰ֮񡢻Ϊһߡˮ񡢷վ˶档糤ϻҲֳɡΪ˽š
ħ类֮󡣹һΪڰ֮񹴽ħвб׺ݵħ׼ʳ硣֤ݳ㡣
ڣ̬󡣵ϵŮħħɱ綼У˫һοǰģս
ֱһգɽãϱǵ˷ҵɽ
˵ʲôϵŮǵϱħģɽޱ𾪡
ǵģ磬ˣһݵϱ˹ħ˹ᣬ˽ѵһֻϱѾȫˣءʹ顣
ɽ䣬Ҫڰ֮񱨸£սһδ죬һΣɶͶһ񳬼ͨͨս
ǻԵģɽսϻԲѣʱսѽβߴˣеĲС
ɽ¶˵ϱǵıߴĬȻһսи˴ʬһͷ
ϱǣһҪǧСҴϱǺ󺰣ȥʹǰ
ҾϧûлˡϱǿЦѵҴ߰ΧߣǱס˷ݡ
ϱǣſݡɽŭ
ϱǿɽ̾ɽ󣬼ǵӦʲô˵κ㶼վҵߣöǱ֮ˣݿڿ˵ңȴڹؼʱ̱ҡ
ϱסݵĲӣΪʲôΪʲôҪأ
ϱǣӡһһ
ΪʲôΪʲôأϱȻţͻȻ߲ʹâɲǼ˷ݵˣ۾˲ʧȥʡ
ɽѣһȥȴϱһ߷ɣʵߴ֮ϣһʹĶ֡
ߴĬĬһۣԿ˶ԷĻںġһ𣬶ԵϱǷ˹
ֻϧߴˣֶԸϱҲơ
ʱߴȴĬѡԱϱͬھֻϧϱֻˣûȥƬսȴֱ³ʮףΪһƬԨأԲ޲
ϱռߴƣԨнһ޵ɽʶס긴һؿش˵ɽʶһ˿Ҳ֮ȥر˺Ҳ֪˶꣬ûнκֳһΪʮʹ
ʮʹƽ˫ȴһޱȣرˡ
ɽ𣿡һˣĶ𾪵ľˣԭ羹ȻһҾ徵ı磬˽绹磬ǻĸԴ
ʹͷɢصʹʬþò
һкżľڵĻ棬ͺ֮īϣҲЩ£Ҳʬǣ֪һֱŷνĿֻһֱûлӦ
Ȼ֮ʹҲ֪һȴ²ĳռߴƵĵϱǰԼԸߴҲߴǷϱΪΪ˴죬ϱѳΪϵĴڡ
СӣѾ;ƿݣҪ׷ϱ˹ȥˣ֪ϱҲûʲôźħҰﲻʲôߴƣ֮¾ͽˡʹ̾Ϣ˵
ɽħҿɶԸˣΪҴ񣬿ɲôһ֮һæ˶ʹߵ֮͵ܵ˼ԭԼЩǰҲֻһֻԼΪվ綥ˡȴ룬ЩȥħĴڣʮͿսħ˲õĳɾˡ˵ЩѴ£ʵһһҲѵȥˡ
ɽЦҡͷʶһѽͱɣѾоڿٵˡ
СӣֻܰԨأ㵽綫ߵշ壬õϱµ̿ԿһţеϱµĶƾ֮Ի͡ɽ˵
Ҳ찡һ
ûϵߴƺλ֮ӡҪѡɽ˵һӣһӰӷһƮ˹ȴǻԲѵħ繫˼̡
Ůħ֮ѪѪͳʮִҲ֪˭ô쾹ҺЩħ˽ϣŮ㿴Ű죬кɱɽ
ԭħӽģħмֱ£֪λŮһֹţǰͲСŮϢЩ졣


654 ֮1


ʮʹɽ󻺻վ𡣴ϣһϡȻâ˫ڿлһȦӲһռͨ
һ촽˲˵ЩʲôȴеĻںһҲ˵ɽ󽥽ӡ֪򿪵ͨ
ȥɡСӡʧɽ΢΢һЦӰƺڱ䵭
ġһᾡȥıһСһ³һ仰ŻԵ˼ռͨͨպϵһɲǡɽοֽѵ顣
֮ǲ½طֻ̡Ӳĳɽһ޼ʵĲԭ
һһƬʪǰ̽·ħ繫˼̡
ι쵰㻹ûҵ׷ʲôء˼һµпܡ̽צӲĺͳ
˼ֻ֮ȫ׷һ˭֪һԸ϶Ҫɱһġǵ򲻹ָһȻ
˼̱Ͼħ糤ħĸ˲߰Ըпܷáһ˦˵һ
׻˵ѴıŮġĵĺһֻСèһӰӡʱܡʱһҲܲˡ׷һʡԽԽ𾢡
ɲԱ찡˵һŮ˵ֻѼӡ㶼ֵĹǧֻˡһŰ۵ûȥˡһҲƫִĳ档
Ѽء㵽˵˵˼ߵ
˵ҧҰһߵ
㡭˼̺޵пܡȥҧһԸȴ顣
쵰ơڱ򡭡ߺߡ˼һһó˵Ŀһ
ֻһܵĻѹû
̫ӦϱߡġҪ߶òܼһ˰һɫҫ֮
ۼ̫Ȼûг¡âȴࡣҲˡ
һһŴЪϢһ
Ƭʪ羰ΪΡĻľ׺СʱЩƯӹʳַͬáʤ̭
Щ޴ʮǿһֻڲ½Aħ֮ϡһɢϢ̫ǿûһֻ޸ҹǡ
һӿռָͳһֻáһƿٻ¶ԴһһھơҲ⡣
һ˼һԼ¡ƾʵ²ʳҲûʲôֻǽȴһԶر̶ƫƫҺҲʮֲӵԴӴħܵ½֮㰮˴½ĸʳħЩζͬʳֹó˰ٱ
˵ɼסѡ˿㡣˼̶ڲ󷢿ʮֺڵôû׼һЩڿռָ
һĸо֪СŮ״֪ȴֲ˼ڡвɰԷЦСŮĲҪú÷ĥһ
ι㻹ûгԵġý򡣡˼ЩܻĶšߵһǰʵ
򣿡һҧһб˼һۡЦٽң
˼̴ӿռָͳһǮһһǰеĽҶˡһٸҡ
һٸСöطơүûиһ붼롣ٻ𡣾عҪҲͱһ㡣ҾͿˡҡһͷҡĸ˹Ƶġһɫ˵
ң㲻ȥڲ½ʮҶԵһɽ亣ζˡ˼̴еֱһשһ
ǺǡҲ֪ڲ½ˡǿ硣ǮȻҪһЩˡһЦ
㡭ֻôࡣ˼Աˡ
һЦתֵ㻹統ħɭ͵ϮүʱϢĶǿԡ
飿Ĵȥ˼̷ȻתָⲻҪļһûйͬԡ
ԭǶ顣һ૵һ˿ĳѵļЦ
㷹һĿһ󡣲ռָСϻСǷǿҪԸһǷų
ޡ롢Сһ˳ܵ쳣ŨħԪء˷ܵڽһһˮĲֺ
硣忦һһߡѪɫһԡ
硣һش
磿նͫ˸źâƺ˼
ιҵСѩҡ˼̼һųħ衣˱ץסСѩ
ǺǡҵսƷҪȡǡһЦ
˼צһ졣Ĺǰô罫ĸڳһˡ
СŮֻʨϵϢЩ֡ӽİɡһЦĶ˼̡⵹˼ˡСŮħᡣĳƺҲǡ
˼һ͸ļһĨ֪ǼǷŭĳ졣漴Ѫɫ˫עһһ˿⡣
һһüСŮӦͦġĪǴʹ
ڴʱѴܵԶˣСͻȻһһܵ˹
һȻȰǰȥ
һһŴ֮ϡŲԶʪݵϡСѾתΪ״̬һһŮʹԼλûг׳ΧС뼰ȴһ߿֡ʱ伸׼¼ʥҡ
ǿǴ鷳ˡǹµĹޡǸŮʹһ߹һ߼е˵
ҲһǡûôǿֻͣҲͣ¡һͣǾˡݡȳɡȶšȻȥŵ˶ûСһ׳˵
Ա߻ֻޡһ߲ѡʹЩ˵
СϻϷˣĸ塣ѽȡһϵǿϵħǱп󡣸ˮ
ʵʹϸˡȻСûлָ޵ǿ״̬Ըʹǲڻ¡
ʹʹ֮ҲֺüȼܴһʹһҲ޷硣ͬʹҲֵȼʹȫһεˡ
еʹǸսײáҪȻСϻϲɡ
ƴˡʲôޡһ׳Ƽ˴ȵͷֳһСƬκ쾧Ȼ䡣˸ŻĳȻǡĽâױȵƳС˹ȥƬռ䶼Ťģ塣
Ȼ˳ԽĿԡƴʺϲˡ
λ״ҲһǿơȻҪľзˡ
һüͷһ塣нԳСԿһԵһХԵĻϮˡǿޱȵϢɲʱ˵Ķһ͡ʽ̥С
Сϻϻʥִǻ״Ľâһʥֱ㲨һ顣֪ƴʽжˡ
ʽһͷѪȻڵءվŵûˡͿ޲в֮׷תΪ״̬޺һû塣
찡ʲôʱ飿ݵʹͬ黤ߡޱ𾪡
ڲˡۿâ˸Ӳ˵
ɲʱһ״̬˵áѵֻһԻħһġôʶأ
һƵ˹塣һڼˡо̫ˡ硣ôǣŤŲתһ
ˡСҲûˡһ
һ䡣ɱվһҲȵĲһĿǡ
ðΡعһĿоһ˿η塣
λѡʶһ¡ҽһ˼λʶ֮⡣һĩҲ֪ǷһҪ򽻵ȱҪ໥ʶɡ
ҽݡҸλǵѼӱкͶ˹ƯŮʹĽܵ
˿һЩ̿סܶǰЩģˡôһTTƷȴ˲両ͷ
֮ǰͷžеλΪ˹ָҡҡλվһɫס鼡𡣵ȴŽĹâһϸļһ
˿䱸ʵʵһǳȴΧͷԼһ˵áʵԵЩͻأһƫƧĵطҲ֪ʲôķʪ·λ̫ˡһЦ˵û״֮ǰʵǲ˵
ֻģȴǼʵеֻСϻͻô͹ͻµӲӡ
Ӧǰɡ·ϼġڵˡ˦Ҳ˦һʼ硣һε˵
˲һ̳ˤڵġôüģץһֻġûбɹ״̬С֮ΪһֻBޡ֪һֻޡҪȻҲǵġ
˵أʵ
ŶҲǼġҪΪ硣ΪѵĴӦˡһһ޹
׷׷һۡǼӱ˵λѼȻ˵ˡԱߵĻ֮ǿԴ뿪
֮һ׽һʡѲ˹ϵ
ʱħ繫˼ڸסħϢ˳Խòıһ¡һ޵һĮһ˿ԶʡһĿҲû˵ʲôֻǼ򵥵ĽһԼĻ顣ֱӽ͸ˡ˼Ϊ˲¶ҲǳĬԡ˳˶Ĵڡ
ǡһö֮ļĶ顣ءǸزסĻŮӡһ֪Ļ
ԭΪߴΪϵͳ졣ÿϽٸСһƹܡ
ڵĻ֮ǻͳĴǡһʹƹܡҲ޵ĸһرĸס
ɽе糤ϻڡߴͬƹ硣ϵĴڡշϱдǧʵһ񡣳˴֮˿ָǡߴҲ⡣ʮǰħսǳֵĻֺڡߺߡ
һշϢһ˶䡣òĴշ
շ尡λߵպ֮ϡֻշϡܼҫ֮ճ䡣
ݡҪٷһˡЩҪ˵һϴȴſͷͱݵĸϡݵһȥˡ
һƲƲ졣湻ġշ֪˲١Ͳ̽
ո˵շϴϱµĶɡǧʵһǿһֲ֧˵һʵ١ôҲֲһЩࡣ˵ʮǰǧսߴҲںħܾˡƾԼʵҪǧʵһѡκһλ񶼲˵ʵĶȫ˰ɡ
ʱСϻСԼһ˵⸽һֻAĹϵ޴ڡ
ǡǲҪץһֻϵޣһʵϲǷ顣ȥһæץһͷAϵҲǳƽ˰ɡ
ûҪһֻ衣֮輶̫ˡ˵硣ȼߵ޿ץһֻBͺˡûһ衣ŪǼ͵ĿۡһԼһӾҪ֮һսˡ
֪⸽һֻAϵޡ
ġǻʲôһȥɡǸӡһŵA޿ˮ˳һĴּ
ݡóֳϡ
䡣ſһֻֻ֡۾עһ
Aޡ˵ʵĩ˰ɡ˿˵
Ǻǡ⼸СһܰһæһЦ
鷳ˡ˿һ˼̵Ȼǡܲǻ¡а׳Ե͡
Ǵ·ıꡣһһ͹ƽˡһŽü˵
ˡǾͶлˡ˿ټ֡һźصϢԱǸ˵ŮЩ졣ȻʲôϢо
СĴѸٳϵķȥһƬǰСͣ˽Ųһֻ޾ߡ
Сȥһ¡ԸԸλʹ衣Ը⡣ӽ˰ɡһЦŶС
ɫЩ졣ԽǸ߼޾ԽǸ߰ԸԸԸأֻнſȻԼǿнϵеͨ
С֡ûԤеĿ򶷡Щ̫񻰡
ΡС˳һֻɫƤëĺꡣ


655 ֮2


ʥ弸ͬʱ
Ҫ˵ϵΪ˹µĹʥ֮⣬ʥˡʥΪթٶѸףܹͨԤΣգͬȼ޵Ľơ
ʥ˵ԸĳΪ֮꣬ҪɡһյСϻЦŶݵ
ͬ⡣ͷøСƵģҪ֪һֻߵȼΪİɲһĴʱ䣬Ͽһżˡ
ʵһȫʵʥԶݵ裬ȻʥҲ˽⣬ǿΪ򲻶С飬һȴòʣʥڽ֮ȹʥҲ಻ȥˣһΪԼӴ˲һͷͬ裬ҵȼ࣬ڸߵȼ˵ֿ΢΢
ӱкͶ˹ȵĿУʥǩЧڵħԼʱԼԶʧЧ
ŻƯĹʥݱжˣŻص֮˾ĽһƮƮȻ
һлл㡣ݸмһû˷ܵĹͬʱһĺҲһµظ߶ȣ̫أӵֻޣһһ˵á治֪ôģҪ֪עûɵѵǴǸаء񡱵õģ
һȻݵĸлϢ˼ȴһһֱǸࡣ˻Ůˡ
һܵ˼̶ݺݵĿ⣬ȴħеԼ˵ͽԨϹǧˡ
һ˳Ż֮ڵطнԭɵصһֻA裬ҲЩġֻϧ߼޲洦ɼҾҲʺԼԲУһֱ߳˻һ
Ա߱ǼС
һҲȺӶزࡣȴӾƯ϶̺ħʯһȾޱ֮ȡһջغڰԪռ䡣Ϊҫ֮յĵطǲġҪһ־Ҫˡ
⼸Сͦһп;ؼС򶼱ȵضˡҲЩȻˡû֮ǰޱءڿҲңɼȻʵ߳ܶܶࡣ۾ʽȴһ޶ҲҪʳסСȻǶԸʵ
ǺǡҲз֮ǻҪιȥһ㵽ɽ֮аݼһȲȡЦ
ǵȷǻɽ֮ˡһһЦ
һ˿ٳŻ֮ȥһ·ϡշеߵȴҪöࡣж˵ܲǰ򵥡硣Ҫѵǵôﵽħʦؾ粻ɡħʦȴһ޷ﵽؾ硣
ԶԶڿȥ֮һž޴ޱȵĻһ㣬ۻ׳нɫһͨңǸߴɵĻɫǱͬģ߸ʡһϵڳǱˣͷػ֮طɵߣеǷе壬ַǷ
ɣΪ֮һ̾
һ˸յ֮Χм׵ĸߵȼʹǰѯݣͷ֮ƹܻ֮İصһ˫Ůʱ㹧ˡ
һ·˷ܵһܻ֮һЩ羰һ¶ľ̾ʮ⣬Լ𾪣ڸֵ˰ɡ
һ񰢶رסǸߴɵĻ֮У񱤹һٲ㣬סڵʮ㣬ʮ֮ϱڻ˽˿ռ䣬ڣκһȥҪ⵽Χ
һ֮УݱŹʥֱ׹ķ䣬ҫȥˡ
һŻ񱤵Ĳãʮ־ȣɸߵĻͨ嶼ɼƷϵħʯɣ̺Ļϵħֱ޾һװζǾޱȵĻϵƷҪõ½ȥҪˣЩڻֻͨĻɫ
һǰɣӭ֮͡ˬʵĴЦһŻ쳤۵ӻе˳ʮ˲øУһӱˡ
ֻϣǲ֮ͲźãǺǣһһǺЦ
΢΢һЦô᣿»ҪлӵŮץֻ衣
һһⰢΪ˲ֻЩ壬ôһ˫ŮʹأܿǣصķʹԵʰɡ
ʱزע⵽һֱһħ繫˼̣Ŀ΢΢һ漴ָȻسһк˼򵭵һ
ص쳣ûӹһ۾ѵʲôˣ˼ϢʱһҲҲ˿ػĸӦ
Ϊ֮ƹߡʮַæģһ´Ҵȥ
صԼ칫鷿س˼һ£Ըſڵȥոͳ
ûһһͳ칧룬кηԸ
ոīˡرǸ۵Ůӡܾƺ˵
ǣԸ𣿡ո
ǸĿ˿ɲ򵥣ʵҶлᣬȥ̽һ£ҪɣûʲôˣȥŰɡػֵ
ոߺ󣬰ر˼֮УǸŮˣأ
Դʮħս֮ߴ֮䲻û˻ͷѹţһЩ񽥽̫ˣЩ꾹ȻȻײȥȥҪķˣҲɡ
һݵĴ²ι˻񱤿ԵĵطȻ²شڻ֮ҹ䡣˼±¶ûȥ˹ȴಽظţڷһݵĻÿһҪһЩĶʱֽڴϣʵЩΡ
֮ؽߣֵΪ󣬲ûʲôߡ
һڽֵĿߣθ֧߶˹Ȼ˼̿׳ҪĻ
ʱһͻȻ̧ͷ˽ֶһ˹ݣַͨûʲôˣʱ򲢲ʲôʯ֮ϵֻżųһЩ˼̻֮ˡ
Ҳ˹ݾһߴＸʮ㽨ĵһ㣬֮еԷôࡣ
һ˫ЩʹǽϷһĻӡһģһıǣԼĵĻӡ£ֻǵգգ֮Ǳȴʧˡ
ǽȥԵ㶫ɡһһתЦ˵
ðҺþûгĿĿˡͬ
˽䣬һʹŮعд˴ݵĵͷˣһ治֪ʲôóԵģֲĩš
ݲƴֵһͨ㣬廨źüʮˡ
ϲˣһʼϸϸƷλȣЩζֻղ½Ĳɫþˬڣʵ಻壬Եȴûĸܱȵùࡣ
һݲݳ˼ڣ˽˵Ҫһ£ս˹ݵ֮ûħӡ֮Сһϸ΢ĲѸɢ
ֻ룬һʹҴҳĿ⼫Ϊҡ
취֧һ˵һ䣬µӦǻ洴һؾݵ㡣
ʹӦһתȥ
һһԭ·أһݺͶ˹ѲӰ
λˣλת㣬ˡлȥдʹŮ˵
ţ֪ˡһͷصλ
ûáʹҴλˣߡ
һʹһ伫صķ䣬̴̵һɴϵħʯ͵ϡ˵ָףǻ״ӡǶչʹС
˺ŲμˡʹȫأһΪֵµ֯ĩ棬ӡǳһİϣѳΪһ񣬶׶༪ˡ
ɡ˺šȸҡһ֯һ˵
˺Ӧһ𣬸һų洴֯
ʵߴƹʵϺĹҲࡣͳ죬вͬȼеȻôӡϾǴͳҲҲȨһô񲻿¶֪㴴֯ڸأ̽Ϣôһ֯еż֯
ţ֪ˣĿǰʲô𣿡һʵ
ˣǰ˻ʮûг֣һЩе˽ԽˣȻܻ֮µٲȻڻ֮⣬˺˵
϶Ҫģ˺ţЩøңȴһЩҪ㡣һ˵
˷Ը
շ֪٣һʵ
˺ͫһշ
շ壬λΣķպ֮ϣΧǿ磬Ҳȥ
λϣǧ˵طдµ౦ֻͨܽ䡣
ӻ֮ǰշ壬;򣬷򣬻ҪаʼܵΧ·;ֹ
˺ţ˵֮ؿɲɿһʵ
ˣǰ֮ˣҾ۲ĹȻ˽´ī֯ҲΪ˵·ĵĳ˺Żش
һͷǾͺãڵĻͺڰ֮ȫû˷ӦȻ̳˻ƺͻӡǣӦû򣬵ȻҲϣħķ˼֮ǰԿħ磬Ϲһɶħʢʱڵʵλ֮ۡ
һ԰رݣֻҪعϢһҪٻѡ
ɫֵ̫Ļ֮ݵİ֮С
һʩʩȻص˻񱤣ҲûԶԶһ壬ӳ񱤿ʼ֪ڼȻԷͣظѡ˹ݵʹŮҲ֮һ类֪ˣɴ˿齨ī滹Զ
ʱһ˿̣绪ζѵŮ뷿ڵĳԡڡ
̣ôҡҿˡ£ȵؿ绪ŮӼϡ
ѾͷⲻôݵԴ̵۾ȴЩ룬һֳ嶯ָ
̣㿴һʥɲʱԡرߡ
ʥѾͷЦ
ǣߴؽһ˵˳ĩˣŰļʣ̣˵һﵽʲô˰
Ǻǡô֪Ѿͷɱһ̫ˡСİЦѵ
ޣҲŲᰮأûһݺߺߵ
ЦжݿеһҲһ˿棬Ȼֻһ㡣
վڻʮĴڣԶ
ãĿͻȻһ૵԰ǸһһŮ˿ͰЩ񡣡һ룬־ýȻͬЩԻ
һһŮˣ˵ʵλڲ֮䣬ֻʮħսȴϢʧˣ֮ð˳ܸߡ
ˣոڴʱͳո
ʱǵ˼ոٽ
ûзʲô˿ʵسŮӴڻҲûȥû쳣һС֣Сл֮ԹһҲûκ쳣ոش
ǺǺǣ쳣ҲֲˡʱһͻأͻȻڷ
ոȫ䱸ȵ˭
ͳ첻ҪţǱүһӰڷʵٴеѺõʼ硣
㵽˭֮кĿģո˵ȵ
˵ýţûж⡣һֵ̯̯
ϢǱ룬ûж⡣ص˫Ŀעһ
һǿ˶ŵءһ޺Цأ˰صרϡ
ʾոʱһüͻȻһһԲεػڰղͣת
ƣո˺
ǺǣǲţٿΣһһ̯ģϵĻӡɢһ˲سϢ
²μ񡣡ոκԥȫڵ϶һ
֮һ밢һζԸЩس˵ֻҪûΪӡɢعϢٶûֱӱɸ㶨Ͼڻ򣬻κһ彵
ʣһλôˣؽŵʵ
棬ֻ˵ʱû¡һشֻʶ״̬ֻԴӽ֮īһһ˿ӦûУҲ֪ǲǸ͵йأϾСŮ˼̱Ҫ޾գ㵽硣


656 ˼̵


½ǡ
ҹɫʮľǳ׺գ＾һ˿⡣
һŮһ㶼ڻʹ԰֮УЩҳŪңҲ֣ʱʺ󶫷Ҳ䣬ϱ֮ڡ
ֻǽգŮЩĬǿղ֪Щʲô
ǹϢһʹʥħѧԺĴħɭֺҲûгǹħѾʧЧ֪淢ʲô顣
һŮӣһǲ½һħ绢Ӵ½һжҪһִ֣˵ϣֻܶҪһڣһжӭж⣬ŮҲôΪ
ϱǣһôˣֵͦ𣿡żŮЦʵ
ףȥأôöûϢˡѾ΢͹Ϲܿվش
ʲôҶһ˽Ǹ϶úúõġŵ
룬ĸˣףǡЦȻһŮˣȴȻΪЩӣ±Ժƽٽ½ҪͳһΪɽ۹ʽΪ۹αͽһˡ
ϹǺǡЦŮҲεĲƴɲ١
϶ûˡ˵ӵұúءЦ
ǾǡǡǲҪˡ˫㴵һܿرкôء˵ʲô̡̥Ц˵
Ůܿٱ濴ˡ
԰һߡţӰ֮С
治֪ϴʲôʱǰţǴˡϴһɱħ硣ǲŽˬţþ
Ҫһ첻̫Զء౧źխ˵
ʱĲ´½۹ǡ
һͷСͷͬһƬǿգٱպŻɬȻ͸˫һתǰһ˿ȱȫĻ档
ʹ磿үôܵȥˡС૵ղԤԵĻгʹǲûһĴڡ
СãȻľݼݼЦǰԴΪһŮ֮ԽԽˣƫмֱ봿棬ϳһʮ˵ʡ
𣿡СͷҲصص˵
أ϶ûһϢľݼݼ˵ȴգҲգضСȻ֪
ȥ˵ɡС
˻صľ̵סʰȶ
㣬ȥľݼݼ
۹鴦òˣв½ļλԱͿˡȥǵһҲһɡľĵؽǰ£ЦľݼݼԴ
ľݼݼϲЦտһѹһϣʧ֮ǣҶǣ˼ҹ롣
СһϢ𣿡ľʵ
ҹү硣С˵
磡ľľݼݼסˡǿɼشڡ
һһͷ˿˳ںһ˿覴õķ۱ϡ˳˫֡ǰһԱ鷿ӸʣֱһԵݿˡ˵ķɲֻɬСŮܹеġ
̣޵
ѾˡҡͷЦ
ϰ㿴ظҵĻͦĽˡ̲סһѰǵʮ鷿
ֵС֣һ˵˫ѹ䡣
ݣȥСɡЦĴǻ御
̣ɱϹ˵һŲҵءߣܿЩ죬װмŤһߡ
Ŷ㿴ǰ̿ɲˡЦƵ˵
̣Ҹ׶ϣῴǸëûļһ˵治֪һôʲô飬Կ϶ǣݵСƨƨ϶ҪһŰˡ
Ǻǣ˵Ц
һʱڻʮ̨ϣ΢۾顣϶ҪϵģҲȥϱϹĹ壬ԸħʤҪֹ߲ˡ
Ǵշϣշպ֮ϣΧ񶼽ȥĽ磬ǧʵͨһҪаƾʵ붼Ҫ룬ôܲأ
һ㵽ʲôʱز½˼˹ʵȻƽһóһ˿С
֮˼ǸءħԹŲݴǿɲء
ʱû㡣һ
Ҫ֪ҵݱ¶һҲֵʲôá˼̴һ˿ŭ˵
ģӦԵİ취ܺԼǡһƳ˼һ˵
㡭ϣˡ˼ҧгݵ
ʱŴ˽һƯĵûŮӡ
һڰҽһλŮʶǰһ
Ұ̰ƯɣɱⰡҪȻ³ܱҡЦ
ң㰢ǰԲλ࣬ĸҴⰡһ׷һһĭˡһŰͷЦ˵
׾ͺáЦ
´һһܿݵˣ֮УƤಢڡӡΪ̵ǵ΢Цһ˫峺ȴܿĵĺ
ϸϸ飬һ˿죬漴
ݡλ˳ȥлҪһ˵ɫüһ˲ɵơ
ŶӦһޱ˼˳ȥһͷһƵġ
֪кμ̣һЦʣȴôƽȡܾŮƺ֪ܡ
ͻȻӳһ׹ס䡣漴ƮƮһٶȼƣһ㡣
һȴǺȻ󾪡û±һ޴ӷĸо
Ȼ䣬һǣߴʶиתֻϻʹâһƾʧ
ףû뵽λ֮ӡߴ֡˸ʣȵһ
㾿˭һüʵ
Ҫôɵ⣬ࡣЦ
ôǰû·Ƶġһε
ǵǣֻͽ֮ӡƣȴһҪȻô׿㡣˵
ʲôһƵ׷ʵһһξ޴Ĵ
񹦷
Уһ۾һ
ûУշĴУȥȡЦ
˵˵ڰ˵ȥʲô״һŰ۵
а취ȥҲ˵Ŀתɨһ֮ʣ˼֮С
һһαʱԼ˼֮УŮĺ󾱣ѩ޳ظƵģ̲סһѣĶɾ£Ѫܶɼһﰡ
ع񣬼һֱضΡ˫ȴûĵаڣеֻȴʮѵãҲ⣬Ů˵Ҫչָ͵˹͡
ҺƯ𣿡Ц
ǡ˵үѾܾûɫԳˡһЦ˵ҲʵһŮӲҪҳǸƯζŮӼѣû뵽һҲһˡ
ĶҪռУһҲ⣬ֻ֮زࡣֻҪԼ̬ûожʧ䣬ܿ۾Ͳˡ
û뵽һ̹ϣּһ֡
ȿȣղ˵а취շ壬ûʲô취ءһЩΣɿ»ص⡣
ҡҡͷҪһѰҵһûʵ񡣷Զշ塣
񣿡һЦ
Դ飿мü
ǵûУһʼ硣
ô֪ʵ
Ҿ֪ˡ⣬㵽Ҫʲôһʵ
ֱϵѪش
һ˵ϱǵĺɣ˭֪ĺİ
ǿһʣܸӦѪĴڣǰұӦĺֻͻȻʧˡ
һüת˶ȦͻȻŲһͣ˵ǰϱǵĺʧˣкȻ뵽һˡ૵ѵ
˭䵹׷ʵ
һָħ繫˼̣ɽ˵һ봿ѪͳǰԼΪҪڸϵϢ顣
ǲħЩϵһʵҲ֪
һʼĩǣ⻰һڣһֱȻİȴǽһ𣬱㼤һѾסһһһ˵ģ
𼤶׳ƣȷſ˵һҲǾޱȣѲСŮŵϱǵѪͳɡ
ܿƽϢ飬ſһǸ̫ˣڿ˵˰ɡ
ոպһǸŮӲǡһ˵
һ漴ѵҲϢӦʲôԼϢ
֪İԽƽһ̾Ϣ׷ʲô
ҲǺףΪʲôһħ繫еϱǵѪͳһɻ
ô֪ϱǵ֣綼Ҳ֪ˡһ
һɽĶʹҵءһ
ɽģɽһμʧصһˡ
ˡһɽǲȻ
ˣŷʣŴİɫ̫į˸С
һϱֵܼɽ֮źعϵ
ϱ塣ãŵ˵
һȻǰϹźڰϱ˹Ů
µûϱ˹ҵĸףʱ緢ǳ֮ʱһСϱҵΪСûм£ȴ֪ʲôǵһϱһŮǱҵðȣ˲ϱϲϱʧ֮밲Ϊֱʮǰħ֮սȱǱħ°ȥвǳħսûг֡ħսǧ꣬ûбŻأħȴһŮұµĽֱħӡ֮Ҳ֪Ϣǧټҵͨħͨǵϱʧ֮еܶշĴշĽ磬ΨõϱֱϵѪܿ˵
һû뵽龹˸ӣշĽҪСŮѪܿ⵹ѣֻǽ翪֮ҪԵĿǧʵһ㰲ʵеһƴҲǧعȫˣԼȥĻ
Լŵϱǵؾʯͷ񡣴ɽĻͷʹĵϱԴҲϱеĹϵдԨ޵õǿɫ̣ƾǣûпǧأ
һ밲һʱ䶼Լ˼֮С
ʱʮݲͣһ밲ڵķ䡣Щꡣ
˼̡˵̺һ̸ʲôųĬ˼̡
̸˵Ҳ˵˼ѵõؿһǻȴݷŭѡ
˵ôһݽе
͵Һ˵ɡ˼ʼ磬⶯һꡣŷһǻ쵰ϰ߶
ãŴ󿪣һ̽ͷ˼̣һ¡
˼һ㶣Թ˽ȥ˭ǻƽԭأֻҪһ¶ħݣض֮ء
Ϊʲôֻһˣ治ƽݿ˼̽뷿в޵˵
˼һ뷿䣬ȫ뿪ǸŮü
˼̣졭ơ
˼̲Ծسһ߼˼ɻ˭Ҳʶ㡣
̰ǰס˼̵֡
˼Щ֪룬ĿƵһ
׵Ľ㰡׽аǲǣס˼̵С֡
˼һ֣类׻һ㣬ͻȻʧصشУǶǶ֣֡
˼̺ݺƿʧЧʧһͷ˿裬ӷѪâںڵسָڿץš
ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôҪɱףףΪʲô˼ʹ̱ڵأ˫ʴޣˮϵشָл䣬Ǽģᰡ
ʱһеЩͬСŮˣû뵽Ǳħɱģ׻˵һҹްն˼һ˸Ůħ̫ˣѵħ屾ԣ
˵ħɱ׵أЩŤü产ˡ
˼̷˫̧ԴѪɫŰǵǰôý׵Ĳӣҵǰ˰ɡ
ҿá۽һᣬеĺ˼̸й֮޲
źŮˣʵЩ¡
˭ҲǧŮˣһɨƽĺë˳ȥ˵Թ첻˾


657 аһҹɫ


˼ڷҲ̸֪Щʲôʱѻָƽε޷졣
һձǰշ塣ԵҲ˼̽ˡ˼̱ʾԸϡ
̡ȥҲҪȥݼֱšҲҪȥ
ݡҪȥû⡣ȵ㸸ͬǰɡЦ˵
һᵽװءݾûˡȻƽʱسýҪǷԶҿһ
ֱһ˼̵ӰʧʡȻվԭء۽ίˮ
ݡˡȥͶ˹档Ȱ
ȥȥҪȥԼȥһͨ¡һƵسСҡͷЦ
Ҫշ塣ͨͷ֮ҪааΣķܷдƸӡǿ顣м͵Ϲޡ˺һ׾ٵ顣֪ΪʲôﱻΪа
ͷ򶼼Ϊ紫ֻ涨;ӡͨҪԶеĻ˶㴫;ֻ֮÷ɵˡ
;԰˵ֻСһֻһҪͱи˽⡣˱ӻɵ򵽷ɵ㻨˴²ŵаرԵԶԶȥаȫһƬīһ֮С
а档Ǹߡ񡣲ҪɢˡϹ޿ɲôء
һħҪסһЩӦòѡһ˵ԼħǺĵġ
鲻ܱٻơҪܳΪ𣿡
ܱٻǵЩ鷳椶ӦûɶˡֻҪһšһɨաɶ¶û
һǱʶáٶҲв½ؼ֮֮ࡣǲġ
˼Ϊħ繫ֻǲС⡣Ȼһֻ˵ó⡣һǰȾѪѪɫҲᾪĪ
һ֮󡣱Ƚа֮С
һէһ롣ǰһƬڰƾҹҲģһƬ
ҡ鲻ҪһʱƬء
һʼüͷȻŨءͷʮѹ֡
ʱǰͻȻּʮáһ˱͵˹
һɨ˹ذ˾áֱȴܵһ̶ȵ𵴡²ɴ󾪡а鹥жǿ˵ûõʵҲŵϺˡӦͬǿҲϲ˳
ʿԹͬһ顣ǸСġҪӲƴǵĿǴȥЩġ
һ˼̷׷׵ͷһǽٻһһΪáԽǰߡԽࡣ鲻ͷһ˺ðմʱЩħ񽩡а֮ﶼй֮޲
һȫ֡·ɨӲǰȥÿһӶ齩ʬĹڻϡЩ鹥Էǳǿһûнڰ˲㶥塣¸ֲ˶á
ƺ˺ܾáǰֱȫʧʼһ졣ȻӡȻˡܿϵԽսԽ¡
Ϣһ߰ɡʱΣաȻδа
һһƨ˻ȥʵǰǲǸΣհ
ǰˮ̶סһֻϹԡ֪˶ꡣҪϹʮʹܽסֻб˺ķݡ˵
һզࡣҲ˵ħҲֻнŵĨ֮ˡ
Ǻǡһаȫͨķɡһö֮⡣
֪һȫС·ƹˮ̶ûΣյĴڡ˵δамζɥ֮¡ҵһȫС
Ҳ˵ھͿǰףʤˡһһɡЦ˵
ô˵üڰжһǵ
һһֱľĹɧӻҪˡ
һ˶ָ״̬ɰïܵĲݴ֮С
һ·һֻƤֱͷҲЩĲӦΣյֱ
ȵȡûоòԾһʵÿָо֡ǰΣմڡֱ
Ҫɹˡ·Ρûءûвκβס
Ҳûʲôо˼˵
ȥˡҵֱдġǰһΣաȻﲻûšһҡͷᶨ˵
ǡС·κηΣնǳڴˡ·𣿡Ϊһá˵ΣաҲ;
һʼ硣аؿûʲô֪ô߳ȥҲֻҧǰˡԸǰ治ҪʮʹܶԸϹޡ
׸ߵĲݴһΡһĸоԽԽǿҡܾʲôڿһ㡣ﷺһ⡣ʱ˼Ҳָоû·ֻüӿٶǰˡ
ǰذͻȻһɲǰһ޴ӡ
һһ̧ͷһ޴Դֻ޴ɢźâǡһپǰһƬ軨һȻϮ˹
һ˲ͷۻ軨һܡȻ˺Χػ֡
աʲôһһ۾ͷۻһϮͻ֡ѵҪϹʮʹܶԸޡƨѽ
Ϲԡǿܡе
һ𡣱һ䡣ԭһ㾹㵽Ա̹ǵƬ
ʱϹһֻצ˼̵عһ˼类εӽһ㶯áؿǾ޴ͳ
ŭնһһɫնϹԵ°͡
һϹ°ͼƬƬɫѪ˿
𡭡ϹԱ׼ŭˡɢűϢԲڵĶֲܵ޴ѹԳΪ촷ۡϵĻֶñΡ˵ſʵ
ƾͿֲò˻һаһ֪ǿѪ
ϹƺȫһĴڡһȻûһ˿о
ͻȻ䡣һᡣŵһŨصζѪζƺϹԵĸ
һټ쳣Բĸһ֪ΪʲôӦˮ̶ϹԻˡԭΪ˲ѡʱ뿪ԭءҪȻŲסˡҲѹĸ϶֪ѲʹһӶľˡ
˵޲֮ʱʵˡҲöϡ
һۼðҪ֧Ųס總֮һճϹԵĸϡˡߴƴŻصƺĸ̵ľ롣Ը޿ɱܡ㷢һŷ˼ŷϹڲѡѵ֮һ¶˳ĻõһѡԽԼǿعȥ
ϹԻڵءŰ˼̵عƾķ˼Ҳ˲ʲôΪҪȴһ֮ϡӴعֱĩĺϮȥ뷴ȴźӡֻܷȴôҲ˦һ
ø֮˹ȥĩĺӱȻزۡҪ֪Ϲ޻ꡣڲŻӡ֪ҪһԼĺ಻סǳ⡣а»ᷭ츲ء
֮¡³һֱ׵غɫ塣ɢſ񱩵һﾹԱħꡣа´߲ˡһ뿪
ȷӦǾ޴ĺɫ塣ȴɻˡ޴۾ֱֱŶвһƺںһԳ֡
һһתָǾ޴ĺɫħƹ
ϹȻײСѾһǻۡһָֻźһ˼ԥһ֮һ˼ħƵһǰ
ϹûħҲͲΪˡһ롣Ǿ޴ĺɫƮǰһֻȥץ˭֪ħƾ塣ȴһץơһζĺɫ֭彽ͷǺɫɲʱˮֹ֮
ЩӾĺ֭ܿһļ˽ȥͷħˮ֮ࡣϹҲ˲ǡһԾ¡
Ŀ¶֮ɫˮĺɫڡȻʹһһ
˼̷ԵһߡղһθһӿһϢ˼š
˶ûעЩֻǽŵϹԡֳһЩһ
ڽһöɫѲڲݴϡزڵءڴڵʱһϮкܴİս֮ɱʱΣѹԲ֪Ҫ޶ܴﵽ֮ǰĳ̶ȡɱ֮档һҪһ֡ⲻһҪġ
˲Ϲԡɰųǰȥ
šһͻȻûȡͷ޼ȫǺˮĿ⼸ƵسŰ˼ǸʵظԲƨƳȥг嶯ҪȥǺݺһ١
ⲢɫĴ󷢡һԼоԼȫİ̡̹ԺﲻԾسһЩ˼
ͬʱ˼Ҳͨ졣̡ȼ俪ʼ˿˿ҺĿҲȻһǿ׳ǡѹԼԼ˼ԺͻȻðһͷתԼһѡ
һ˼̡ôˣ˵ĲԾʵ
ûûʲô˼̼ΡΪʲô
һȴЦһԼͷ׽ħڵҺ塣ƺЩҺ屻Լ֮ǿشҩЧȻôǿһƲˡԽǸоԽǿҡ
Ϲħе֭Һ⡣һ۾Ƴ𴦡¼ðĵģ̲סޡҩմԽʱûпסԲ鷢ڶ顣
һ١ŴͻȻͨ׹Աħڵ֭Һ϶мǿĴЧ
ʱ˼ͻȻһ˫ⰻȻضһ̲ס˹ȥסһһϵϢҡ
Ҫҡ˼״Ρ֪Ҫʲôֻ֪ܵҪ֪һҪĶ
һһ󿩿ֱ졣ȭͷաƵϢƺʧصؼȻڵů˦˰Ǽһֱе˰̡ҲҪסͲ֭Һܽĥ
һȥءԺһɡ˵ǰһ
ҲôһӲػشһ䡣㳯ǰ񱼡Ůѵ֪Լ˼̶ջ
һŤ˼̳һ׷ȥ
áһڰҵһڵءȫƤͨð߿ͷתݡȴԽԽء
ҧҧĵ˼ԼС֡ʱѹסҩʱѹ
˼ʵ֮˼̲˵ҲһһܱǧٱٵҩҲֲҿһʹӡľȻЩʹ
˼̱һᡣỬ䡣֪ΪʹΪԼᡣ
̡Ը⡭˼˵
Զ˵ǲͬġ˼ߵһǰһ˹ȥ
һȼĺﻹһѡ
ߡǿߡһǺ
һ쵰ѵظ㡣Ҫˡ˼̳һȵҩɢ˰ѹƵǳһȥ
һ˼ѵĻһ˿˿衣ܿԡ
һתĴִȴƽķһ˿
˼̵޾׵ġ鷿뵹ۡ㺮÷ϸʵ޳ľǻ֬ıѩˡǼֱĽ
һһҵĳ̡˽ܵؽһ
ĳԼžžײײֻһ㡣߿ȴġֻþͽ
áҧź촽ڶõס۾תĿָпһʶ׺䶥𾪵Ľϴֿ֪˫ȡԴ¡¡һ㡣
ʱҲ֪˼ôȥġһһˡһ˻һй˳̱һѡǺѳ˯˹ȥ
Σķалһ˼ǹΨһһ԰ɡ
óһϡЩ겻ڲԶŴǽġѹͽ˼


658 շ壬糤


аȻ֣׵Щ졣
ǼɢСһ۾овɿЦҲǷ޸ɣϾûĸ˲Ը޸
СŮ۳࣬ʵκһŮˣֻħŮħѪǲɸĵʵħħħ¾ǧ飬СŮֺԴ
һһ̾Ϣ΢΢һתͷ˰æƿ˸뼰ڸ˼̵Ļһвһȣе룬ڻеλ欵ŮǲʲôⶼûˣҲֻ͵ѡ
һһе˼Ϣϸ΢ĸı䣬Ѿˣֻǲ֪ô԰ɡ
СŮˣøɻˡһʱȴпգ˼̵ͦķһġ
˼һӵһһۣȴ㿪ҴҴĻȴ˫һһ§ס¹ϳƱһôãЩʣʼͣϢһҲûˡ˴룬ʼƣЦһòùϲأ
̣Ϲ˵ʲôѽ˼ͷȴĪӿһ˿ϲ
ɣ߲ܡһûȵĿⶢŰΪȻƿߣһ֮֮ĹϵԱ΢
շ˵ɣϱ潫Ϲŵ伮ڴ֮Уõˣʱʲô㶼ˡ˵
Լҵýһǲ⻰˵ڡ
˳պķȥһ·ҲûʲôΣգ˳ر߳а
պ˼⣬ڿеĴ󺣡ǻȴʵʵڵسһǰ
ɲΰεضȴ˿вʮ֣һ澰±ֱ漣֮󡣵治á
շ壬պ룬ɣ統֮ߵڣѹֵϱǽշеϱԲµĽ磬ֱֻϵѪſɽ⿪ڰһǰһ⣬ڴշĽ֮ǧǷǵĴ뷢ˡȥ
ӦòᣬϱǼȻôһֱϵѪܽ⿪Ľ磬ôĺȥ֮ܵǺûϱ֮ģ벻㡣˵
˵Ҳǡһͷͬ⡣
һٻ˳䱳ҡֱϡûһպ֮ϣԶԶúǱֱʵշ塣
շ֮⡣һεǵǰǵϱǲµĽɡ
˫ϡ̷߲ʹâЩ߲ʹâһħһԲҪѪصط
˼ָ̻Ѫһһε䣬ħɲʱâʢгһɹͨͨ
룬գۼָԭ״
λշ嶥ߴǧɣ͵ʥ֮Уֻӡ
Ѳ˽룬ϵµؽ˰Χһɫʹ
봴ɱ⡣һͷ˵һ̧֣ˣֻһ£ߡ
ǿͨµĽġе
ͷû˿飬һӣ˹
һ׼¸ô꣬˭֪ʲôر仯أͷֵ˲˼ǬŲƾʧٴγʱѵշ嶥ĴﻹжǧȴֵûйĿעһɢ˴Ϣľʯͷ
ʱЩǱĿߵ˦һһĩ̫ݣȻֻ˼ߣΧһٶһʯϢֹͣҪԸˡ
һʼ磬ʵˣõ
˻봴;׷ܣǽ䡣һе룬շǧħҲͲΪˣֻϧЩ֮ûκҪΪΪ
޴ޱȣбǵϱǸߴɵһʯĺ
תϱǵ棬˶һ漴ǿϲֻúһŵļϰڷŵߵıұһŵĵ伮
һЩ伮ͻȻüЩֻǵͼĵ伮ӦֻЩ
ⴴҲ˵һ
˷ͷһԨ޵õĽɫ̣ɽ˵ƾշҵϱղصضѰҵĶһЩпϵصطֻϧûҵ
ǿлء˼һŵ伮ܺһħء
һ̴˹һء
ǽɲǼ֨˿һ籦伮ķ䡣˻һԳ˷Ѳ
áһ̽ͷ֣ص伮Ȼ߼һЩõģϱǽöȥˣ
ҲͬУĵ伮ҲûжôһԱߵķ߳˵
˻ص֮УͻȻһۣ˼أ
ҵСתһȦ˼̾Ȼƾʧˡ
⣬ǸСŮһͻȻһӳȴüĽһ߲ʹâָ֮ƽ
ѾͷûѪҪһˡôҲû뵽˼̻ǲעȥⴴ֮С
һЦҡҡͷ˼ܹΪħԼͬ뾡ôԼȡ伮ħأѪŨˮԼᣬٺħħʵȴǸı䲻˵ء
ô죿Ҳǳüչ̫뵱Ȼ˰
ֻˣҵϱǵղء˵ջɡһʼεֱ϶ǿԴڴ˴֮㲻ˡȥ硣
Ҳֻˡһ뼰ҪһûɵЩȸԾ
˽˸飬ȴҲûκη֡
̫շΨһһܼ̫ĵطҲΨһһҹĵط
һ밲ڴϣ˸ǳʵҹɫǼ˵ģֻҫ֮һ쵽ϣûл͵ҹɫˡ
պغһһĴշɽţҹ磬һͻȻ۹ʹʱ⣬ҲͬĺкõĲ࣬кСغϼ顣ɵأһһڿˮͷǹµذһͷ㷢ҹᴵ趯°ͰĿעǿգˡ
ôңôƯ𣿡عͷЦ治һʱԵĴ֭ҺҲԸͬ˼̣ǳĿȴĶġ
Ǻǣ㳤ôƯǸ˿ô˵շϣ˱үҲûƯˡһЦ
һһۣС͵ǼרŮ˰˵
˼̲ǿһӶôˡ̾һ
飬һҲԸⰡһǺЦ˿Ҳ·üЦԡ
һȻἸ֡ҪһҾŮˡ
һĶһ򰲼С֣ȴһĵ
Ǻǣֻ˵һ˵취أȥˣ붼롣ˮָһһĴЦŷԶˡ
һŰıӰ
Ӿôһһȥˡһ밲һСһ㣬һںϷˮ񱴿ǣʱҲһЩͯȤϷ˵ҪӮ˵һ¡һ԰ʱҲһ֮ǡһȴҲϣִ򲻹ǿвͨء
һҹһ밲ӵһ𣬿ǳɫ
һڰḧţȻһȴȻоõǾ˵ĵԡ
ţͻȻһм˼Сһĳ׳ı
һǳǳܵڰضϣСһŶ˫ȼ֮شֲݵ֮̽УһȴûܵɵסһŻı
һˣԩҡ͸ɡ
˼ſ֮󣬰һȡ󡣺ܿѱһͦθʵ鷿ޱչһǰ
һԼһֻۺͷһ˫ȵ˽ܴҲһצռ죬ֻû飬궼ҪƮ
ʾһѹڰϣ׼ǹ֮ʱͻȻһ۵عâֱֱ˹
һһֲۣ֪ʱ̫ˣҫԱߵĽɫϣŴ۵̫⡣
Ũ˲ôֱ࣬ӽԱߵĿԶ
һǿ̻һߣͻȻһʲôƵһǿԶɻС
Ӽѹһ˷ܵӣ֡
һ̾𣬵Ŷ׼̫ǶȣͶڵϵӰγһϤͼŽǶȵбɴС
շ塣ȵ
û㿴ͼշһ棿һЦʡ
ӦҲ档
һͷ̧ͷָ̫ߵȵ̫䵽Ǹطʱ𰸾Ҫˡ
ʱһһعȥ֪ʱǶꡣ
̫ҪһָǸʱһŰɵշҲʮ֮ĺϣɫ̷̫⣬շҲͼͶɽϣһŽǶȣֱͼշҲɽȫغϡ
ʱͻȻͨǽɫ̻۳һ㣬ֱֱɽ
ֻ䡱һɽͻȻѿһ󶴣ڶأһֻ˶ɵĹޣһ밲ȴ˷ܵӵһţϱղؾ档
˷ӶɽĴ󶴣ǰһ·֮Ȼʣ޴ɽϹ츫֮Ȩ̣ҫ֮ʯǿɶߴûб
ĹżзϷıǵϱĻ񹦣ϵħعֻҪһ񹦣ϵħڻͨɳΪ壬ӶܷӳߴƾԵ
īߴĹЩżֻһܶ⣬ǵϱΪάѧϰԴһĹ
һɽղءؾȴϱһڴ˵زգˡһס飬ЩҪԻҲֻʱ⣬ĿǰҪħʱ䣬о̶֣ʱҲͽ֮κΡ
һ񹦲ݲݿһ顣Сպã㿪ʼ鿴Ǹ԰֣Ҫ֪ЩļֵѾͨؼֵܺˣκһ
һǲΰɡԭشתЩһʱ֪ôźá
ȱ𼤶ǿɻշ壬Ĺżûм¼ƽķһİļ˵
ɲʱ侲԰Ǳշ塣취ȥǵ֮
ǡ˱ڵط˹żֻҪмƽ֮ͨͨҳ
ڷҵĹСһͻȻֶѻƷһӣһۡƺСؾʯͷ࣬һ֮±㽫ʯóǶȥ
һȻһ漴ʯһһԾɺæµţûвһ쳣
һֻһ飬Ȼȫÿһϸãһֵס
һõӰһʶΣһʶ߿ƣͻȻؿЦϱС쵰ΪҵĻݺңĺȴ
Һ͵ϱǳһǶҵ衣һ˵
õӰƺϸ۲һ壬ͻȻһ㾹Ȼ壬ȴϵ֮ӡߴƾȻɰ裬ǰܼӡţڻʶƻм£ˣСӣϱǻ쵰˻֮û
Ҳ֪һ˵񹦻ˣõϢвһû׿ʼ
鷳ϹͷԶְɡӰҡͷͻȻʧһʶһҲɲǾͷʹѣԴĶҪһ
Ӱ³һʶУòȻһ̾ϱǣ˰ССħ˾Ҳﵽͷˡ
˭һЩȻʵǿʶȻǿжȡؼ䣬ҲˣֻӰû¶еֻǶ类ħǿҵķ߿
Ǻǣ˭ǰ绹гϻʱʸϵһϡӰ
һһѹеϱΪС쵰ˡ
Ҵ񹦣ȴ뱻ϱС쵰ˣʶڣߺߣֻҲúõ޸ĹĻ񹦣ʱܿ죬ض𡣡糤Ц˵
Сӣѵõϵħʣ츳ϱҲѷɫڽĻ񹦣ϵ壬ҪκҵĴڣڵʶ糤Ͻ˵


659 ϵ


һһôˣڷһ״غΪ̽һڵʯ󺣰ûһ㷴Ӧһʵ࣬ǲֵܳ顣
һһһһһᱻһֵ𿪣ֻż
ֱڶջƻʱ̣ӲһȻһ飬ֱָ̱ԭеɡ
һˣ׷ʲôˣظ֪ۿɬɬҪᡣȻֻһգ˵ȴƹ֮ãĶûһŰڻؿƵģûָо
һֱϵıʮ֣ﻹ糤ԺĶûв
ֱʹҡ£ʼعȴʰİģѲۼ
룬лȥˡһЦڰ۴Ϸɿһǣ㵸˵˵ûоΪҪһշ壬ȴõͳĻ񹦣ϵָտɴ
𣿡һ֪һһֻǲ֪ΪΣȴǸ˲ȥշĽôָԴ
һȻתһ뷨סһֻĵα任һԶǵպǵշ塣
һ΢΢һЦϣǵý˵֮
һЦһֻҪŵһҪӵ֮˵Ů˲õɡ
ҪգȽЩ伮ű࣬ҹ֮󣬾֮ʱһ
йľݺᣬգɢ˵֮ϸоִᷢ˴ľһȴȥʱ֪Ϊȴûһ㸯̬֮
ĩչλħɱ¾ԭֲħ޶಻ʤʬǣÿ춼һϷΨͻأɱ¾ƽԭĩչȴûһֻħ޸㣬ﵽSϵسħҲԶ˵ء
գĩչȴͻȻһߴӰʮףڴѪƵħһ׺١ħƣƾ졣
չһŲľǰһڷŵѪ̶ԼǧסѪɫ͸Ϣħʵͨǿ߶еѡ
ħǰǰһħĿǹѪ̶
Ѫ̶зڵӾңѪݸߴʮףϵѪɫҲɲʱŨγһ޴Ѫɫͷ
ħ㻹ˡĥĴ̶죬֮ġ
ǵأˣǰħħ
ҿԴҵˣѪɫͷЦ
ҼȻˣǿˣֻҪǰħھűɣΪǰ壬ǰΪ𡣡ħ
ˡáѪɫͷ޵ĴЦ
շ±ϣճտ񹦵һ
Ѿһˣƺշһ壬һĵܡʱ߲ϼ⣬ϵ֮ӡҲüĴżĵðΪ֮һףһڷ޴ĸı䡣
Բ޲ˣֻϢôô֡ü૵оһйϢһƲɵһȴ죬һƬޡ
ܰɻ󣬵ȴģһϵ߲ϼԽԽʢﵹǳһ˿Īʧ䣬ֻµһۣһжòͬ˰ɡ
ʱȽʮչȥһϵ߲ʹâȫΧзӿ֮ơ
ͻȻ䣬һϵ߲ʹâҲХһʡ
ŵվĿתضɽӰ˫ֽգʾǲȻշΪǧڵȻһգ漴һ߲ʹâ̫ȴĿХƳϰƵĸ߿Ϊ֮ɫ䡣
ͷ߲תһ˿̣һеĹâǰȻʧɫҫ֮Ҳƶˡ
һһХоױȵкɣͻƵһ㣬ϵɣٿĿѽȻͬ
һһƴüӨӨʣ֮ǰҪ࣬ÿһжΪһ壬˵ǰֻǱ߿ҲߴʽīϵҲҲָӲЩԭǵơ
֣ƹȻоһ糤˵м΢ʶûϣʱȴװ׵زڳ˯ʶԼϵľ񲨶ֻǵԼ̽Ҫʱȴ˺ǿ谭ѱƣǿĻܼܿĴļʶ͵ûҷˡ
ûȥһƻ䣬Ű欵ŮԵвһ󽾰
һЦŻ
γѣȥĳ嶯һת߲̫ȻһǰЩнˡ
һȻҲ⣬߲⳷ջڣ΢Цſֱۣ»ָ֮ǰǿɺֿ׵Ļģ
һһůĻһ֮ʱȴһ˿֮ɫѾȫһˣΪеϲͬʱҲһЩ塣
Űһϵ΢ЦҲȡ֮ǵ˸У֮ϹһɽţڴԵϵҲڽµĶ֮Ȼȥû£ȥĻԻȫʷĳ֮Сǧŷ绪ķԶΪ֮ı䣬ƳǿʵͷȻع棬ʶɢ
һһǵ˸ȴ֮Ӵȫһ磬⾫ʾ׵ľѾˣԼֻҪþΪˡ
ӦÿԳȥˡһƿЦ
һĵЦȥ㲻ǻû뵽취𣿺βٶ뼸졣
һ취һԡһЩĪһ֮˵
ǰ취вͨһɡתͷ
ҡ
˵вͨвͨͲٶ뼸𣿡ͻȻعͷһ˫ӿ
һͣͻȻˣֻԼշദհɡǰЩİӵ뻳Уǵٶ뼸죬ҲνǧΪá
ãһ̾ȥɣ滹̫㴦


660 ά


ɫҫ֮͵䣬һպϿշӣȻͷðƮڿУתŸ߸߲յշ壬ԡչ֮£ƮƮɢŵˡ
ѴշĽ취ܼ򵥣һĻ׵ش˵ϱµĽ磬Ϊ籾Ҳǻɡ
һǰ֮ʱȴǻתȻһЦĺղŵȻš
߰ɣϵѳɣ֣֮ҪѲһЦ
һٺһЦҲôΪߴ֣˸Υ
˴ԭ·а˷򣬷شƫƧȴȻҪöࡣ
һҪҪȥ֮һάǿˮһľɫŮŶĵЦ
𣿲֪ûаôˣһЦŻصжԴ˵ûжȤصŮǰİоŮӣλȥأ
ǺǣǰҲܿվˡЦ
һüͷһƺЩ϶ء
ҵʶһ¡һ¶飬Ȼ˷صͷȴ֣˳̽̽ף˵ߴ֡ԼȴǴħսѾʮ꣬Ȩⶫף˵˽Ȩ֣ΥҲпܡ
֮а̫Զһٻ𣬺ܿ밲֮Ͽա
һϵɡ˺ֹʮҲڴʱ֪ежô嫣ҲΪϵİҲʵٶȱ֮ǰӿʮǿ硣
ٶȣãѳ˷֮ϿգɲǼ֮ɧҡЩʹ˸ǰʡ
˷ϵޣƵϴŷ֮޴˫ɫǷϵħԪʵ廯Եʡ
µƫϵʣóϵħĸһһѣǷ֮ϵʵǳǧο֮θܲϢ
ʱ֮Ĺһάոȡһλ̽Ļرü˼ţһͷֱɫֻɫڱһװױۣ߳µ͸롣
ͻȻ䣬ά̧ͷо֮ϿմķϢϲ֮תΪǣһʧԭء
һŷ֮׳˵Ļ֮֮ԸӴĳи崺ƮݸС˵֮һλʿô֮һλˡ
Χ۹ԽԽ࣬һ˸ҿԾڰɢطϢв˶ϳһߵİ˽ָָ㡣
ʱһɫάˮŮһһǰ
һʹһάĵһ۱޵߾ɫҲòάķȷʵͬһ㣬ûпʣòŮ˾ʸǧһĻһƮݡ
ԭǰ֪ٷ֮кιɣάӹһ֮ͣ˰ϣ΢΢һ˿䱸Ҳ롣
ȴǲΪ⣬ЦŽ޼䷢˿ڶ󣬵ά㲻ӭҲͰˣλģˣֻ׺׿衣
άͫһⱻԼԵ˲ǽǡϸٴһȴȻûдƳЩʲôƺһ۱ܿĽ
ǡά̽ʵ
һЦţǷ𣿡
άֱֱһתɫΣӴƳһӿ˹ȥ
һüͷһ綯ɽȴ²ά밲֮ĹϵȻǺԣ֮һЩǺʵġ԰ĵλάӦ˱ǣѵƯŮǲܺƽģ
άȴǾޱȣûһʲôԼѹȥƾʯ󺣰ʧ˵ɲ⣬ܺͰһ˹ȻǺġ
λ롣άѹסЦŵ
֮Уŵзˡ
ûˡλֱ˵˰ɡά˵
άֻʮֺɡЦȴĩֱӻشά⡣
άʮָɴسϡ
ڣάȴӵλѵ̸һ̸ܷи㣿
΢΢һ㶡Ŀתһ԰һ
ûһЦ
ôλ͸άվ
ȥģһЩŭʵ
ҷ񱤵ܣ֪άðţЦ
άӣſЦҿеˡźá
άһ㷢һɲǼ䷺˵ķ飬Ц˵
Ů˵ĿڿײҵĻ𻨣ȴ쳣ƽ
һ˼ؿ˿ղŵرе㲻ķ
һάʧ֮ʱЦݽһƲǰϵҫ֮գ֪Щʲô
άһһңһʯĴħһʧ䡣
һٶ֮ʱѳһƬؿ֪ɫػ԰֮С΢˷ϵħԪ֮ħԪء
ռ䣿һѿڶ
άȻһʵ֪ģ
µģŲţһٺЦ
šάҡҡͷӣһɫ֮һǻ㻯ΪɫħɢڿС
˵ɣܿЩʲôӦòлŮɡһЦţǵһĨôôᡣ
άȴǲһصϷҸӦڷ
˵һһɫķƼͬʱؿڵķӡռɲʱȣɫ֮һƾʤһͣת
άһ󼤶ȥһάμ񡣡
һü߲ʹâһҲǼһΧһͷת߲ʻһƽ˲ʺ֮С
񡭡ά絴һͷ˿Ʈ֣չǰ
һŰչάһȫջʶУռҲָƽΪΪԼĻάӲʣǿ϶άƽʱʵԼͻȻչʾƺͻ񹦣ʧ֮±¶ʵʵ밲Ҳ°ɡһͿ֮ܣΪʱһĩɣʵ󣬶һϵɣʵѽȣάܸоƵϢ֮
άлعʱԵһһת֮ʱйϢϱʮҲһڵϱͷиоϢ˶٣ѹάʧ֮º֡
㡭Ǹ񣿡άɵʵ
ǣǴĴˣһһʼ硣ʵνĴֻһΪ˴ﵽĿֵ߱߱࣬һжΪ
ԺѸٹ̣äĿس׷ѰĽŲ¶ԣ嶼ţԼ罫㡣Ȼˡ£Ҳ׵ö಻ô
ȷʵάһĽ֮һҲӭԼĲ룬һĿҲηһ˿ڴ
𾴵İһ밲ʲôϵάһһֲ⡣
Ѱɣ𣿡һüֱ밲йϵ
þյҫ֮աͷЩ꣬άһԸһ˵Щʲôأ
ʱһӷ񱤻Ѳ߶һССؾʯϢس˰Ľ¡
һǾʯԶģĵĬֱʶ˸
ϵŭһšʱһάѾڴУһȻǷı顣άȴЩ쳣Ȼһ˿һ˿΢ɲ⡣
пһ¡һﲻƾƺͻ񹦽ά˰ɡ
߰ɡһЦ͸¶̬֮
˳Ű֮άŰԶȥ㻽ļĸԸ˼֮Ǹȥͳһ߲ӡɱ¶
һǻػ֮𣿡ʵ뿪֮һСʱˣȴ˿һά̸Щʲô
ȥ֮һ
һüһһһЩ鼱Ҫ죬ǰͷֵаɣҰ±Ѱ㡣
Ǻðɡһ¶ᣬĽµĶ
ػһһ촽Ӱʧڰ֮ϡ
һòȻһ̾ϣά˵Ǹ˲㡣û뵽һ̯Ҳ˸ӣΪƾߴԼԼĻ񹦣Ҫѣάһ̸ȴʵԶֹ˼򵥣Ϊβ֮ΪпİҲǣС
˭棿˭˵ٻһ˫Ҫһ㽫عϵ˳ˡ
άһʵ֮ǰѼûж֣£׼ı֮Ĺһ񰢶У֮以йᡣʱһ⻰ãǰػǰȻĵﲻԸʵΪˣѳᶨά˵ļпʵɲԤ㡣
һһΪǵǳ֯˺˵ǾŵùһݻϽһЩֳеѯǷֲЩһΪԭȱݾߡ
ά˵밲ܹĻ֯ǷĲ֪أ֪ʵôǲǴ֯ʵɰƿأ˺ŽЩӵҳ
뵽һҡҡͷֱһĨڣ޸Ҫŵһ򵥵顣
һ뿪󲻾ãά紫Ѷ󽫸һ߲ӡŵѶϢߣ֮˰һĺճһʱ簵ӿ
ˮˮ֮
յάѶţһâ૵һϵ壬ˡ
ħսʱˮŵиɫʮˣˮΪСҲᣬҲһƬߴò룬޷ͳһ
ȥˮгᣬһͬǰʥ֮زΰݴ˰һΥߡɱץˮȨȣ


661 һ


ɽһƬԴ֮УĻݵ׺䣬ʱпɰĶʳˣ
һһ׸ߵĴϣããβɽвЩꡣڰߺתϣδǰ
ˮƹά̸֮Ĺ۵˷츲صı仯ǰ̫ˣΪߴ֣л񹦣Ӧ÷ǳס֪ˣʵһ㣬ͬȨı
̣Ϊӣߣڲ½ˣͬҲǡһһԾ߲ͣʹâ֣ˡ
һĿĺܼ򵥣ðԼԼ˲˺̤ÿһ䡣ȷƺô򵥣ʵȴѴﵽı꣬վۣ֮
˭ֻҪסĽŲͲϧȾһѪҲãҲãû˭赲
ʥ֮أϹΨһأ֪ǰ룬ѫʽĵطʮǰħսߴ䲻ʥ֮Ѿʮûпˡ
ˮƹߣһάǴ߲ӡĴѶһƬڣڶ̶ʱڹ洫ﵽÿһ䣬˰һ١ÿж쳣ǿһĴ߳ѻľ档
ѶҪߴƹ߼¹ǧ˰ʮеĳʥ֮أһǲвߣһɱۡ
𣬲Щʥ֮أҲһһɡ

յĴ֮ڣһڵеʥ֮ϡǰһˮԳһʹжӵӰ
ڴʱźһƿ糾͵İܻس˽
ڸ룬ˣ֪֪ôĺе
Ȼƿ磬һʲôǺǣҶϹҴߡνǻ˽𣿴Ÿ˵ĻӾͽıĳɹˮ𣿡ڸ뵭˵
ǵĿѵΪͳһ粻ȥ𣿼ȻһøãǷΣ˵
ѵǸСԻͷ𣿱ˣҲһ·ˣһҰġЩý˵˭ڸͷЦϵĹһڣһŰֻɫʹʮüģһʹҪʡֻеͷľѡ
ȭͷһգһ
ڸЦϣκζѵ˰ǰսԴֻҪ޸ңǷͬƹ磬һô飬˵˴ӦôŪٵ伮ҪǻƾʲôһСﵽͷϣ
ˡһߴƼ񹦣ϵѳɡǸһ綼ӦƾʹЩ˺һ˵
ǺǣԣֻҪһжعԭ㡣ڸЦ
ڵʵҼҲɱ
ɱˣ˿ԡڸֱЦ
һ漴ɫ䣬㡭ҪУҲô˵һŵȥ
Ȼٵ𣬽䡣
ɵˣϢɣҽһٷڸŰ䵭ֱȫڿС

ʥ֮λ϶˵һƬ֮УԭʼĻɵһռ䣬ֻߴһܿ
ʱʥ֮֮⣬Ѿ鼷ǰһðɵ壬ܶһõϢҹ̵ظ˹ȻжĻľͲö֪ˡ
ߴƹ߶ѵǷֱǻİأˮıάޱɭڰڤױΧǧλߴĴСһЩûְȴ}ŵҲۼڴˣЩ࣬˵ߴƹ߸֧ôЩ˱ǻĸ磬ĹǸ쵼
ߴƹ֮ҲűɣˮıάޱǺԵһ壬ɭױ໥İڰڤƺ
ά˵˵һʲôˣʵΣһάȱȲʵһԵƹޱҲһ档ǿ干ͬĸλ˿ɼڴĴ˳˷дŽţϣһޱǿȻĳЩ˳⡣
άԺиֳһ˫ڵļµ۾Լɲʵᣬ͸һӵϵ߿ƣʵܿ͸ġ
ǾͺãǾͺã磬ضֵٹ⣬ǵħսиڣЩħ֮衣
ֻΪһǻĴߣû뵽ǸĴˣЩһҷǿɲˣԼνѡ·ʧܵľ򣬵Ӻһ˫ŮȴŲµģһǣϣʹҲ޷Ŀ
ؿŲԶһ˷ߴߴͼͬ˵ݣȻһ̾ɵѾͷڻ֪Ǹ˱ǸĴˣ֪˿»˷ܰɣʱ֪Լ׵ľıȡȨ᲻޷أֻµܻͷ
Ȼ䣬дһޱȵƽͶУڳ嶼е崺磬±һն鴤
ˣˡǼʮţϵعǲ¹ˣ˸ԼĴ֮⣬˭ƽͶ嫵أ
г˵߲ʹâʢգۼƬգϵҫ֮նð޹⡣
ʥ֮֮Щ򵹴룬Ȼ·ȾƵģְλĸҲߴƹҲ£ڳͼúѹѹһƬ߼ʵͷ׳
߲Уһ޴Ӱ֣һûףɢźޱߵƽȴֻܶĤݡ
һվϿգλΪʮɸߣڵͫɨŵǺѹѹ塣һ࣬ƬǧϣΪЩһɲǣɡ
ҵ񣬶ɡһɣһȦȦ׵߲ʲƴɢ
嶼̧ͷó羴ȵĿŴĴ˰һ⽫µ䣬縴˵ٹ⣬Ųɡ


662 Ϲս


һɨһȦлߴƹʶλҲϵĺܣУ˭Ĵ֮ĵأ˵±ϵʥ֮أ񶼵ˣȴֱĩ֡
һߴƴüļΧһתߴƹߵϿգά
ϵȷһ֮ǰԱģĿдŵĻλһĵӿľη
ʮħսԪˣߴħ֮䣬ķѣ˹ʹĲѣñ٣쵼һͳظһ⴦ģµϱǵĲУЧ
ʹʧ뵱ħЩħ˲еаСӣȴΪĸ󻼣޷ĥĳ衣
˿ʥ֮ءߴƹ໥һۣͬ
һһ֣߿ƴϵûʥ֮صĻ֮УȻ˿ҫ۵߲ʹâ͸Զɢγһڡ
λƹߣλԼŵڡһ˵һûʥ֮ص֮Уһ㵽롣գۼһɶʥ֮صȻرա
ʱ漸ʮ˷ܵ۷׷ףŰټָı䡣ΪԾĿ¾ǰصһ˫ŮбǵϵļӱкͶ˹ˡ
һôǸĴˣһʧ֮ŽͰ͵ʵһʱţΪֻͬˣǼٵأȻʮ֮ߣῴġ
ݡǼиˣôǶҲ·֮ǻ֮ס˺üء¸´Цֻǲ֪֪ĸЩʲôûı顣
νʥ֮ءʵһ֮ؿռ䡣һ޴һ𺳵֮շش֮С׼ˡ
֮ʥ֮ؾ
һ߲ŵ֮ϡŴеظоֱ޷ݡ
֮硣ȱҪȡߴ֮֡λһ
ذˡˮƹ߱ûȻӦһҪ
ƹάû
ƹޱû
Ļ䣬άޱ׷ױ̬λƹȴһʱĬ
һغͫΣյźš
ҧҧӲͷƤƹ߰û
λƹ߽¶֮ɫ򰢶أȻǶ֪˵ʲôǱάĿײֳɻ֮ɫѵǴְˣƲͶֻڷܡ
ֻǸոսв²⣬ر˫ϥһдһΪ޹أĹ޶
˻һȻһС¶׺֮ɫ
һĿһ裬ʱأ֮У
ȫȻ˶ϵĿ⣬һ죬һССľƾճ֡
һһ⾧ȻУ洢ϢһɲӿԺȴһݳɫ䣬кȻ˰֣ǰ档
˿ⷬϣġĹҡֻ˵˰䣬ͻȻɫͺ죬ð˵̣һĶͷΪĳȫɢȻһ죬һ̱һǣƤⶼŰ֡
һʱ󶼴ˣŰصǲ
ġһ֣һĻȣĿ¶̹Ǻ⡣ӵϱµĵ伮ϣ֪Ϊάܶµһ֮ΪģһԷйܣԱɢ御٣Ҵܡ
㣬Ϊƫƫ㣬Ϊʲôһ΢΢鴤һ¡շǶӣľЩʹ
ϢĳĬ֮СһĿӹһе亹졣
ڰƹڤû
ƹױû
ƹɭû
áλûб̬ƹ߳ʾͬ⣬ʵǽӴҲУԱһͳ֮øȨֻ򡣲ĩʽ룬򰢶رǵİ
˭ĵԶﲻǵˡһڴһص
һɧûһվ˳иĳһЩֻŶְ壬ǳһ򵹣ˡǵؼˡü𶯣˾ҪԱʱһƽ͵ֶӲֹ˵ıը
̹ϵķϡ񲻵ˡǵļˣԼҲһ˵䣬Ĩȥĵ䡣
һϲܵ𶯣ǰ׭ȨΪķѣߴ֪ɹɽ󻯡ʱ˽٣ӵߴƣҺ͸һӵϵ壬䣬㽵٣ǵûһ˻ѡͰһǵĨȥǴӵ
أһЩĴҵЩ˲׷׳һؾ꣬жǧˣʵһ˵ıʣƹ߸ɫ࣬µĳо֮سѾѡ
ʵһõֻмˣھ˶ǧˣ֪жôŭˡ
ܺãܺáһȭͷһգбһƬôŵ年һһ䣬罫츲أкܴĿȡóɹ
ĨȥЩ˵֮ȫȫһĶʩ¡
򵥶ˣѹģľ˳ȻˡֻҪʱٽϱղصһЩ伮ѡԵطַȥȻǣʱԸħֱҪаյĶࡣ

磬һ֪ĵطһ㵭ĺƺô䣬䣬һҲ˲䱻Ӵ˱ڴˡ
ʱһȫһذɴ֮еӰȴȻز䣬һ㶼⺮Ӱ졣
Ҳ֪ǰ˶ãӰߵ˾ͷ߾ߴɵı񾲾ţüĿƾˣҲ֪ڴ˶ˡ
ϹսѾ̫û˶ǲҲóһˡ˻Цһ͸ƿǷɫӨҺ塣
еƿ˰죬һƿǣƿڵɫҺֱ㵹߾֮߱ϡ
ֻһ߾߱ϿʼðŨŨİûһ㽫߾߱ȫ֡
ãһ𶯣ſ񱩵ų񵱼ףǿѪҪ֪ʵﵽʹϲ㣬⣬ֻҪٹɻΪʮʹʵȻÿѪǸжôǿܰ쵽
Ũɢ߾߰ɸߵıȻ˹һףֳЩ͵Ŀתҡվڸ롣
ڸЦţָϷƿ磬ʥ֮ء
һ춼˼޺һЩ̵ķӱЩطĵرˣ⾪޺ĵһӦǿ־塣
ʱΧİ⼸޺֮󣬵ɫɷףúѪɫƵسסٵǸӣȻĻϹߴսѵߴսô׿ƵһʧأƾħϮΪһ޵ԩҵϵųɣҲͻƵһ㣬ƾʵֹϹߴս
Ҫ֪Ϲߴսַ֮ˣҪǣϹŵϱʱڱҪߴȫƿأѹܿƵס֪ǵжǿϱԸԳΪ֮󣬶һǣ񾹸ѵ
ߴսϹʱڱ֪ƫƫڸ밲֪µҴߡڸǵһλ糤ϵĶӣһ˵ߴԼ糤ϵֱϵڳɳΪʹ֮һЩ֮ر֪ΪǱԺ֧
УҪȥҪȥֹӡҧݣ뵽ʽ˳
һʱļʮλһ룬һ꣬һʽΪµ䡣
ļʽһΪ֮ʱͻȻһҲĿӴײ
һһĸоֱӿ
䡭䡭ըƶĤľ죬֮ǽڿѣһ붼Ȼߵ޴Ӱǰ棬ĥ̴С۾ŷѪɱע


663 ս


һһ衣Ȼ緢һвʱԶӦ֪߸޴ļһƾжôˡ
ʱǱڸֻ׵ס˺һ
ɱɱڸ״ָǰת߲һ
߾Ϲս˶۾һ⡣սһȥսȴǺĿĿʼǰĻﶼ
䡱һڸߵķһ߸𡣰ֻ˲䱻ȥֻѪԶԶġдŲŵɫսʧȥơߵڸ׵塣ȻʵƤӡԹ֧һʹҲҪһȥ
һϹսнп಻Ҳ֪ǸļһŪ߸Ƶæҡ·֮С񹦲ſһ㡣ϵҲɲá˸ǿȵս϶֧Ų˶áٿս񡣹һ֮УÿһιԽԽǿһͬתŻ֮ĪҲ˻񹦣
ʵһ֪߾Ϲս񱾾ǻҲ֪Ϲһλž޵Ƴ߾̬߱ļһ
һ˿սһս֮һ浹ɱ˼λһŵֵܿෲǱλսǿ񱩵Ĺˡ漫ҡ
άĲ֯һ𹥻һ·ҡļǸΪսʱҪ˸ɾʱʲôȥħԿ
һôһ·ҲѸ侲άʼָЭڵĵЪֹһһġһϹսɨۡѪӿ˲ʧȥ֪
նһǬŲƶ¡λγһƬӰܳϹսĹΧó˻񹦵һɱСҪƴˡ
ֻһ߲ۡûɵĻ֮ƺһۡ߾ϹսĶļ仺ͬӰƬе
ɻ֮һѾ޴Ļ֮СŻصնһϹս
ֱ֮֮ʱϹսʼӦҪѾˡȫŷӲҪסһɱС
Ȼʥ֮һĶɽҡɿռĻ֮ɲʱ
һնһʩȫ类һ㡣߲ʹâİһоʥ֮ؿռĻ֮Ѿҡ
ռҪ̮ˡһһס塣һռ֮Ǿ֮ˡ
֮ʧ롣ȫʹ˱С
ɻ֮ռֻ֡ʲô嫵ĿռѾɱûκһǿԶռĹ
ʥ֮ϵȴӵϰ򡣲һѸӡֻܼ˰һһ档ԺҲ˴ıǮ뵱ҿǲ˰һͳʽҲͦԺġ
Ȼʥ֮ڵĻͻȻҲ嶼˹ڴʥ֮س
̡һޱȵʥ֮Ľǧʱҷ𡣽һ𶯡񱩵ĻϿղ˾޴ıը˵ȴ塣һ˲塣
顱Ӱȴڿռ̮ʱҴ
Ϊȥİءλƹ߶šȥʥ֮صֻʣһ벻಻Ǳ߾ϹսɱǱ˿ռ֮ʬ޴档
һһءڴڵĴЦŲԶһͬ׹߾Ϲս߸һۡȴǱĻնˡˡǿһ㶼֪ʹΪ
߾ϹսмֱȺǽܸӦÿһιаɥǿѪȵĹ׷׼
һҧҧ߾Ϲս׷ɱݵȺɢӿɾʹˡڲõĽҪһƬءһߵ߾ϹսҲΨ˲ǵעתƵԼϡҲܾۼҲ򷴹𡣵ѡ
һе߾ϹսȻäĿ׷塣תһɱ
άƹҲӦʼ֯Χס߾Ϲս
һƾŻ߷ǬŲ߾Ϲս֮СάǧʼǶ֪ͨĹѶ߾Ϲս첻κ˺Ψ֮Ψ㾡ǧ֮ôǿĹɱǡôҲֻеһ;ˡ
һٶԽԽ졣Ӱӡѱ档ȴԴԽԽءϵҲ߾ϹսĴȻû汻ǹѪˡ
үүġٲӾҪˡһѾݽߡٲ˾ûˡʵû취ֻýСٻֵһˡǧϹڼûаȱĴջغڰԪռ䡣ȻǲٻΪá
ʱάһ񡣡
ǷԵġһһ˿ǬŲơƾʧԭءһ롣޾߾߿ҪץϹս֡
ˡˡԹٶȳɢ֮ݲƤһ顣
ɢ䡣Ŀ֮ǻߡҲһֱ֮һ֮ʯͷ澡֩һѷ졣Ĳ֫洦ɼѾһƬ޳
ǧϷḻ̌˵ϡǻšԳĬ߾Ϲս֪ʬɶٿˡĿĺͬȴôҲ˲
һԶĵص˳޵һµеһȦûм߾Ϲսʼһ
ʱһ񱩵ӵص״׷ɡ߾Ϲսڵһǿޱȡϸ첲ȵ֮˰Դ֮ˡϵĿ񱩵Ϣȴǿҡ
Ҫˡάһ̾૰ߵı˵
һΪڼȴû뵽ĺ߾Ϲսʵʵֲ̫ˡǧȫһȻûлǡѵ˺罫᲻ڣ
¶֮ɫĿ
߾ϹսһȦȴ붢һϡӴɱѾƺ϶ˡҪҲɡ
һЦһ׼ڰԲռͼֻ޷ųƴһӰȴͻȻʵ


664 ͻƣܰ


һ̧ͷȥ΢΢һһ˵ζ˹ϵŮ˲Ůǣ׭Ȩ粨Ůһµӡ̡һﾹһʹ޵ĸоûаĽֺ͡γôӵأ
ƮȻءһƮƮĻһһۡӱܰ㡣תĹĿġʮֿɬһб㲻ᷢˡ
߾Ϲսƽͺبһ֮һ
֪ǲǴôһɲǡһо˰еľ֮⡣ѵ߾ϹսǸʹǺһ
ſ˫ۡ߸ͷô߾Ϲսǰ
һз𲻺õͷеˣ
عͷһһЦд󲿷ֵΡȻĻųġô
һ룬߾߲ƵϹսѳŽߵİ˹˽ľ롣ϹսӵлصҴĿܡһ֮ʱӰȻģ塣ΪγһСϵصڿɢ
߾ϹսҲģ֡졣ҴĿɿڴһĻ⾿ʲô񼼣Եֵס߾ϹսĹ
ԽԽ߾ϹսӰ֮塣ԼСһƺһ˫˵͸⼰Ǹ⡣Ĳһʹƺʲôݺݴһ¡
ԶķСһϢڸֻһԴ⡣ð޽ӵȻģİп𣺡ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôΪ˿ȥȴĸһĸ顣
ڸ뱾ǿһۼһɱ˭ȴһĻ۾ֱձһƬҰסڰ޵ĥûϢ
ͻȻ䡣һɹһֱֱԭʼ֮سӿ˹ֱҪ˳ű
һȴƺûиоʹֻһֱעֵоһʪ⡣س嶯ƺһ˵ξ
ϹսϹŴû֮ƶɡҽϵĻ֮ȫתƵϡֻҪȫա񹦱ȻΨһˡץסҵ֡ԶҪſƮƮͷһĵµµۡ
һ֡ҪץסЩʲôȴǿտյ
ȻһԺһ졣ɲʱһƬհסһеĸ֪عڡһ۾ұץСǰ汾ŵİ߾ϹսȴƾʧԶǧ̱ڵϵȻǡ𺳶ӡ
һֱ۵䡣ŷѿݽߵػ档ʵķԾһͻƵ˵Ĳ㡣ȴû˿ϲáֻЩľȻաǰϸֳǸ񡣶ǾƻõĻ
̫ңԶˡáһͷֻԼ

½ǡ
ϡҹ̹ǡʱѽʱڡҪࡣһҹϱ㲻Ӱֻǲͷħֵǰżһ֧ȫװѲ߶̤ز߹
ŮһŮ̵ۡķ˿ٰ׹¡ضƤ˿ڴءһյµɪĻ԰ǰպŮ¶һɭֵزǰ۹ʵۻʺһһӡʢȴڻʹبա
ԾءľŮͻȻ¶һ˿΢Ц̬ͺ˼ʵŮûʲôܿ졣ŮعüĿһǸӴʱʲôأֹ˼Ůأھɭֱ֪һﲻǸˡҹԺӡƤȳǽˡԼȻҲ񾭡Ʋ˵ѳֲסˡ
¶櫴ʱϹܿ޹ϹܿѸ߸ͦĶӡﾹ˵ĽһŮϹܿСº˿Ҳ˱Ȼ뿪ʱڵزµ֡Լûأ¶櫺Ƿš֮ķ֮Ƴҿƫƫһ㲻СرϡҪһӺѡ
סʲôأ¶櫽ݡǡɼþŮЩµıӰ
ŮعͷһĨܿûЦûʲôֻǶЩϰߡǾɭ
ǵǡɭ̫įˡкöáС¶ߵŮԱ¡һֻèһھŮػС
ɵѾͷһˣŮŮ㷢ʵ
š¶櫵ͷͻȻЦ׸ղҲ𣿡
Ůһ졣¶㷢ϸֶʱס
סҪˡϲҲϲ㡣Ҳġ¶˫ֻסŮΪ׸еʹǰǲܽܡڽˡһ˵ȥ¡׿һȥɡ
ǵءȥɡ¶§סŮԽԽ
ɵѾͷҡҺܵġŮЩҵÿˡ
סſġɡ¶ֱӡһɫ
ŮЦá鵹Ƿࡣѳѷķɶ˼ɡɡһֱôһ졣

ʥ֮ǹһûָ֮֮󡣱ǵĴӵ˹֮Ĺ
ڹһά˵Э¡Ȩץһ֡ʽһսšħһսеߴȫ֮ϡԱʱڱսʱڡеؾôȫֻҪþֱͨӵ֮
ɫҫ֮ա֮ѳΪ˿ܼߵĳСΪµʱС
һȴһϱߵɽϡȻ档þò
ֺοأһįһ̾Ϣڰ޷ͻ
๼һȴһݲ֪ʱ
һȴǻȻȻǰ
һչɵһǰסߡһıߡ
֪ظ󡣲ôյǰҲõһ˵һЦ
ҧһһ˹ȥ
һüͷһ塣һɢݱ㱻ס
ʲôˡ䡣Ҹסȴﻳ㡭㲻Ҫַ˻ָһƿڴ
һԸһԸ㸸Ұġôһı磿һǹŵĳһѪʵԶʤ˵㡣֮ǰϱǲҲͬı硣ȴ˿еĸ񣬵λ˿ɱȡɹˡôͳΪԵˡ
ɫһ԰ס⡣СǳݰһֱΪ˵ĸ¿ĸŮӱ˿е֪ʵࡣ׺䶥һ㡣Խʵ
ۡһͻȻƬһһ
һݵ㷢̾ЩɡѾһˡȴû뵽ʮ궼ȴѾȹ¡һԱȱԵЩˡ
һ§סһزӡػС޵ǻڵء
Ҳ֪˶áһп޵˯˹ȥ
һ滨Ĳ԰΢΢ҡҡͷ˹һŮٺȴѾͷҲ֡˯Ȼץס·ƺܵһ㡣
ݳӡһԶڲ½ǡһԱŵ˴ϡšȴ˼ˡϹܿĶӦúܴ˰ɡԼһѪҪˡЩ
֪һͻȻǾ˵̬ˡĻĻӰĩйһ̡
һ˦˦ͷȴ͵طݵ½֪ʱ󿪡һ뻬۱ѩ鱩¶ǰ
ˡһһһڿˮѹסԼҴҪ˳䡣ֻץ̫ҪֿеѶȡһ˳֮󡣷ݵ½󿪵øԼԿǷ۵⡣ɴཫ¡Ѱܳ˷䡣ٴȥ˵ʲôŭԹ
ܳһһɢࡣڹһ徲Ĵʼӿռָ﷭ĵϱص伮㽫һЩʵһ¥
һҵһ¡ַ˷֮ͻȻһӿһϲ澹ȻŽħͲ½Ŀռڵ㡣
ħȻȫָʱŵħһϮʮ
̵ġħͲ½үұħ硣һЦ
ʱſڽһӰǰƹά
ˡʲôô˰άЦʡ
ȻǺ¡ĺ¡һҡͷԡеӸάһӦеάһıһһ̱˷֪ЩռڵطֶζʲôĻͲƹˡǰΪ֪ħġֻܱ򡣶ͨħĿռڵķȫɱΪһ̡е뷨һıϡ
ңһά侲֮ʵ
ǵġˡǷطŹʮʿѾ˹֮ά˵
һЦŵͷúܿ졣
άһغ֪Ϊ͵һ١ƫͷװҫ֮Ρ
һάǵ̺졣ǿѹȥɫĲֿʼݡάѷɫƮݵζһ˫һ˫һӱޱ͡½֡ٵʱյľֱȴ滹Ҫ档
άдġ˵ʵһôһиоˡʵ½ǻ۶һҲаֻ̬㳤á
ǿߡάγһֻλλ塣˭طۡһճһоͱòһΪпհסάԸʶ򵥡ϲǱϲ˰ɡ˲֪²һġ
ʵֺֹά뷨ݲҲһ
άתƽʱҲ֪׵ĸ䡣ȴһޱ͵ĿֱֱҲ֪ͣĸط
Űάеʧ䡣
ˡû¡ұȥˡάһֱֱһµȻڴơ
һعʼ硣ԭһĴ˽ŮҲһҲ֪ŮԵ޹ʷʲôƢԼ
ҫ֮ңңҹʱˡ
һȶڵĻȻĴ۽߾ϹսϵĻ֮ӲתƵڡĻЩվǺȹ̡
ʱһͻȻоʶеع΢΢Ĳһ㽫շĴϵʶľСʱľ͸ȥ޷еʶͨڻ񹦴ﵽ˵Ĳ㡣Ҳһء˵ƿĽˡ
һ쵰ݵĴһ˸ոеľüСһ㽫ӽ˷ڡ
Ѿͷַʲô谡һû
㡭ʲôݷŭʵ
һһһãȻʲôôǵˡ㻹װɵҵ·ǲѵġһѹ㷢֡֡쵰ݴһһҴ
ιιɱԩ񡣾ƽرƨɡûȤһߵ֪һʱûסˡȻ·û
㡭֪ϲĴظƨɡҪҪһֻţ㰡ݷŭ
һɫһٸҳԹ
һ漴һίֻð˳ʵ۸˼һҪ˼ߡ
һݵᡣһͷ㿪ʼʹˡʲôŮզ͸Сһ㡣˵޾Ϳޡ
ſšߵһǰץסѱϺҲš
һ˷ۡݡû·
ҡ֪Ůѵġݳ˳˵
һ̲סðɡ֪ԩҡүǰɡ
һҪӳȴͻȻץסһشְʵظϡֻԼҵظˡҲֻȰСһˡ
һЩ֡ѵܲʧȥ׵Ĵ񾭴ˣ
ʵһ֪ݶĸ顣һʼӴʼݱһ˲һĺøСװصȥ֧ȻҡһΪ˵һ˰صλá˵ôһ¡ƫƫһֺ͵¸İĹϵһô¶޷ǾҪһע⵽ѡ
һҪߡݽסһһ˫СıϺҸ
һѹƵ𲻿ЪֹðҧгݵѾͷ𡣡
ȴǱ䱾Сһץס˶СĴֳ¡
աΪүҰһݵ°͡׼۵˫ȥһ§Сһ׽סǰ۵ʹû˵Υ֮ԡѾͷظͦһֶղôֱƽأ
ݳһϱ˴
ѾͷҪ̫𣿡һСְ⿪ű㽫Ƶ׳ѹȥ
·Ƭַɡһ˿ҡһֻʣһЩϡݲʾĽ
һ˿⻬ļԼֻСɵĶֲ¡̱ⷽ滹ֻôһֻĶأ
ô¶㡣һһͦ˺϶Ϊһĵʱתʶ
һˬµľڷй˳Сʹȴ类ڵĳ˯ȥ
֮һˡһԼһ¡ȴĩжĹǡʵһʱ󹬺ҲǽڽȻʱ̫Ůһֹˡ߼˵ÿһŮĳʱ͵ص㷢˵㳬ԽĹϵԵݡŵľɫʹԣҲ̫ԲԼˡֻҪڳԹ֮еһ˵ΡҲеһΡȢһҲȻ
һѡһ½ǡʼϸԺηչ֪ͨħĿռڵӦòȡʲôļƻ½ҪܺܺõһҪʵ̫ˡ
Ȼ䡣һ뵽˹ʶʲô˻û̽ٴó˹ơӴľСسȥƵһľܿ˵Ǻܴʻ񹦴һСڡѸ˽ȥ
磡һϤһʶһȻһ˴֮С


665 Ϯħ1


ܰһЩţڵ۹õıըвʶôڹ֮أѵǴ
һʵӰһǰΣȻǵ궫ܰģֻǲʵ壬״̬
磬ٴμˡܰȻʶóأ
һζȫ¸꣬һȻĿܺšһ˵ġСŮٴγǰʱ˷ǡ
ܰ˳˯ݣ͵ذһһۡ
һһǰܰǽ̬İռʱȴĩжķӦʼһ
ꡱһܰЦ磬òôţЩƭ˶ŮҶһҪԴ׻
˵꣬ܰͣһĹͷʲôǰռУǸһվǰΪһ죬ҵꡣ
һһ³һܰҡʲô飬ﻹж˯ʶ˭
ܰʼ˵ŵؾ
ԭ۹³ǵĹöϵĹܱ֮ĹƵһ̣ܰΪɣȴٵһɲǡʶһӴ嫵Ĺϵ˳ȥӦʱʶѾ˹棬ıǹʶʲôǰǲȵġ
ǵǹˣһһ죬š
ܰͷĿⲻһ뿪һӣһֱȴ޷ĥ൱һʱ䡣
ǹﻹһʶ˭һ׷ʵ
ǡšһ񲻵ˡܰͷЦӣǷСŮģ
ʶһʵ
ȻҹϵǳܰЦűǰɣһǧ
һڤ˼룬˭ʶֹϵǳ˻ڹأȻڹ档һѻֻʣʶˡ
һԺӹһһˣͻȻһʧѵţ
ܰңǲţһԽԽпܣʵ
ܰЦŵͷ磬㵹ͦģҲƭõ֡˵仰ҲǳһĲ²⡣
ˣͱȡЦˣֻ֪ʶˮʶΪʲô˯һŵʶȻڣǿ̫ˡ
Ϊ㣬ǸСŮÿռԿҪͬھʱǺķеľǿн磬ҪȻڻ֪ĸռƮأܰ˵
һŻȻѹԵ󣬼ľԼڵغڰ֮īϣ춼ûϢҲΪ˾ԼĵеľʶԽ˯֮С
һܺãĺܺãŸոսСʹԵּһֱΪɵıöܰһ֪ˮžȻҲڣб˿ĵ
ߴߴѾȫ룬ȫפڹ֮֮⣬ʮ򣬵ȴŰһļġͬʱһбһӷ׷ӦŲħ绮ʱ£ʷԼһҳ
֮УһߴŵһٶλҪһξܻ顣
ͨħĿռڵ꣬ħӡʮ꣬ʱ϶ڱչػָħ˲뵽Ѿ֪ͨħĿռڵֵ꣬ķӦԱǴ˴ƶͻϮħ磬ܹ书һۣҪħ˽ǣʰĵһζʧܡһָˮǽʾͼüսνһϱУϵ½ˣĵһЩţϡ
˽񽻸ţضЩħɱƬײһһ˵꣬ױҲ׷
òҶзݣħҲħħ²ɱ𣿡һЦ
ˣڷһ񡭡
ħ磬ħǡ
ЩڴȥܾҪΪħħ֮һŰħħ綫Ϸ
ѵǱ³ˣħֽѪ̶ûһ첻ĵ֪Ѫ̶Ŀ£ӽĩչȶ﷢ݣ˵Ŷħʼ棬ħʮħȣħųˣʮȫΪĩչȵķϣӴħĩչȱĪ
ʱ಻ĺɫɽһƬ֮Уһ׹֣һʮ˵ķȻ֣໥ͷһٶʧţ׹ʮŽʿɲǼ֮ܲС
ɽ²ԶһħĳУ˵ˣȮһά
ѺԤ׵ؽħƫԶСǣСֻǧħʮŲѴ֮㽫СǸѪɺӣʹճħӤҲһնɱ罫ʿû˿֮ģħ֮ĳѻ⣬ħ磬ֺγͬйΩ֮ġ
άʮŽʿһ·¾ֱԲǧһƬءŵƱжѸޱȣȥ磬ֻҪħ֮
ħħѪħޣħħάͬһʱõֵϢ
ģôܣЩνħģҪ̻ˡħħˮϵħס
㲻侲һ𣿵ޣô룿ħħ֮һάһǧĵˣЦޱȣħ˭֪ħĺˡ
Ѫħ޵ıΪħ֮ףʮǰħսħǲȡĲԣʤ࣬ɱѪɺӡ
֪ͨħķֻһֻǰͨħ޷Ϣֻ֧ʮңҲ²Ƿħıһǽȥǣ֮رؽĹ޳˼һ˵
ô죿ǲɴǰȥ֧ضؼħɱħ
һſڵñ±չʱǰ͵Ϯߺߣʮǰħɱھ֮ҲһפħҪذĴܶɱʮǻѵһֻܵš
ħ޾ţħάħͬ
ħȻɹħסĵطǺܶ࣬ɽˮ׶ħ޶಻ʤЩħ޿ɲħ壬ֻҪ࣬һϱᷢ


666 Ϯħ2


ħħޱ½νħ޲ͬһ顣һֻħ޶ܴﵽ˲½CħޡҴײɱͬħ֮侭ģ˺ɱ
Ҫѵһֻħ޾šѶȿ֪ѪħԼලħԴʱѵһֻʮħ޾šħ޴໥֮ԽϡҰħ޸߹ԡ
ָӵĵ¡ʮħȫԽʮɱ仨ˮ
ħ˶ԲߡһʱȴȻάϢ
֮ڡһˮǽԳħͼкһˡŵͼϹʱ档ħµĶӵԼһЩΣտֲĵط
ƾŷ½ͻı档һħҲһȽϸ˽⡣ħħѪħޡħԼħάϷħľһ֧ħһһʼĴȷʵѪħ޲²һʮʿѪɱճħĴ֮ľͻϮҪ֪ħصĵطħ֮ءһɹħԪˡ
ħ紫ı档ħȻûϵȻԭĩһ֮Сħ˷ııǵˡħ֧ǾáʮΧħ򡣵ʱħԹص˵Լұ㿸ˡ
һսƻáܾĺһЩʲôħȡҰսת˿ںͲҲ޿κΡħħӲӲɵӲŻħ粢ûвȡַάķɱħֵ˼ˡ
ʮˡ˵ħ廹ʲôܺСһ˼šǲǸάӳأ
šһĿһħͼϡħصķλѪħħΧħħ綫ʮ۳ǡħĵطħάرħʳħħıӹ첿Ŷ
֪Ľ˵رһƬ档ħͽҡħҲơһħͼ
Ϲŵ伮Ϊϱǵһ˽ĴжϡѾáʮǰħ֮սߴ֮֮߷¡ΪߴŵսʮޡһѾмƻĽһЩõĵ伮ڶʱǿЧġ
ħħָءͲ½Σӡ
ݻħάصħ籱õһֻǴӴΧⱱһž򶾴֡ȴǵƽ̹Ŀ֮ء֪͵Ϯ̫ܡǴ򶾴ǱǱ롣򶾴ֱħάΪпǱضǷѶɵĽ
Ҹһħ硣һ롣֪ĽӽԼأħڱչС۵ħħ϶Ҫѷһҵɱħάٻħ֮ءôŶħҲһصĴܸƽħȫնɱħͳ󽫡ܷٷأ
ȻһҲֻѡȫնɱħԼ̫šȻĻԾʽͻƵ˵Ĳ㡣ħơħ֮»вֻѷĽ졣һЩΧԼټһ취Ǿͺÿˡ
ʱ˽һȴһֱһһﾹȻһӰ֮¡ֻйҪ˵ˡݿɲǸˡȻȻ˾ͱ³
ˣһݡЦ
Ҳ𣿡Ĺĵ
ԡֻЩʱҪȥˡһʼ硣
ȥģҲȥɫһ䡣Ҳ˲ˡǰסһ
һᡣԴֻȥ¡ܿˡ
ݼһǵĶ²һ𡣱αװ粻֪׵ȥˡһȥ¡
СԹʹڹһһɫ
С졣ҪһᡣֻĲ鲻ԸӦһһίģ
һõݴһǡԸǰƹһЩ顣׼Խħ硣
ħά粶򶾴֮һ֮ϡͷհ֮աҲ֪Щʲôһʽħסһѩ׵ҫ۵С¶⡣ԲĶǶһöɫʯ޳ֱȸŮԲλࡣ֪ݡ˭Ϊôһʵľ˻ħĺħ
йôһ仰ԽŮˡԽĺݡرܹĳЩ̼Ůˡһ˭Ҫ˱ᡣ
һԶԶվšǵÿʱڶͨһǼ켸ҹǵǲκκŵŭܹܡ
ʱһѾħ籱άΧڵӾ׶Ҳϲֻ絾ݰͷϳֻǡ¶ֱžǺںɫëʵȫӲӲӡһͨħģɫɫħ֮䡣˻ɵݡ
ħ綼һƬɫΧ̫ǺɫġǺɫġжǺɫġһǿҵѹ֮С
һħ籱ƫԶСǡĵҲ֡Ѱһ˹¡һħкζͺܶһ㡣ħо֮ϢǼΪͨġĲ˹Ϊ
һǵһνħĲ˹òˡĳʳ½ûñȡֲڶûеζϡѹ˼СŮԲ½ķˡ
ơһħ㡣һ˵ŶһСűʯħǲͨġñʯԼħħ޺Ϊҡ
ħħһʮƽࡣĺˮСҲֻһܹһķˡΪõҲΪֻҪŪ˾һζˡ
ѾϱߵһٶļȮˡҲ֪λ󽫾ʲôȻͬһһ䡣˵ʲôʱ͵ˡ˹ħֵ۷׷ס֮̿¶λ󽫾ĲΪǷ
ǡȥħ嶼Ҫˡҿλ󽫾Ǵˡȡ֮ġҪȻʮͽħɨءҪ֪ʮǰħ´ħħħҲɱƨ𣿡һ˴ϵħǿʵ˵˻ٰħ⵽ħΧ⡣ʮ˴Ҳ˹ʡ
ǱҪ˵˵λ󽫾ħĹǲǵĵһλ׳ħվΪλ󽫾绤
˵ʲôλħ巴ʵ
⡭
һλ󽫾ӡɱһһת
ɱɱħӲǻ۲㡣һôһ塣ʱħֽųȥ
˹ħݺᡣһȫˡһȴԶһЦһ·ʮˡ
СάľħһķߡûĻֻҪ߽˵ᱻħʿɱ
ħҹīûκȻߡֺҹħ˵ȴûкܴ谭ҹӡȻȰܼΧ͡Ҫûġ
һվһŴˡԶ֩һķƹߡںҹôĴۡ鲼ħͱħĻʳء
һһȫϢûںڰ֮лʵ񹦡ǽϵһγɻˡһЧκζ֮жκηӦٺòˡ
һһӶѲߵħʿдûһ㷴Ӧܿ뵽档ħࡣʵΧĸһΡвϲ˵粻ű֮ħάľס֮ءһһ˵ֵһ֡ǱĻȰըάľǱѰɱ
һӽܿһһȻǰжűµԺ䡣ԺһеǳϤǰĽ޽ɡ
ħ󽫾أһħ彫ѯԺһħŮ
󽫾ȥ򶾴ǱߡԸʲô鶼ȥħŮش
ħ彫켱תȦѪħ󽫾ĽҪħ󽫾·Ҽħ󽫾
ħŮһ¡ҡͷʱκ˶ȥһ˶
ǲҽħ彫ݺݵ
ħŮһɪһŵҪ㽫Ҫľ齻ҡȥԿ
ħ彫ԥһ㽫һŷӡ˵ˮ򽻸ħŮһľ콻ά


667 򶾴ֵС


ʵħ֮ϵͨħˮ͸Ƶһ㡣ͨѶʽһǳȱ㣬޷ƶҪ˫ͬʱħЧ
ѪħħάʮĽ飬֪ʱҪϵףʲôֻܿ˹ˣ֪ܼܲ
һϢĸħŮ󣬲ˣһָħŮ裬ѳˮ
ˮڵϢӡסˣһ̽û̽˽ȥǳףܵķӡһСı٣ʱӡƳˣϢҲһɶƽͺ嫣ŰһеԡһҲΪ¶ðˮһֱħŮֱҵħάѪħ޸άľ϶Ϯйأ˵ȫ̵սԼƻ棬Լ֪ˣħһһ֮Укοɾ塣
ӡһһĲʳһҲš
ڣеķӡȫʳˮϢȫһ֮С
һɼٵɣԭħ޾žħɱﵣѹûвȡһжάԭ·һ·ɱȥò˶ñħ޾ŵİΧȦʮпȫûΪһ˱ħά⣬սҲ֮ı䡣άʮʿͻȻͷõɷѿĵ岻ơ
ʮʿ϶ʮħ޾ţȻҪȴǲѣٶҲǵֻ֮ײԭ
ҪάڱٴһҰҲ󣬾ȻֹҪ̵ʮţ뽫ƾͼճΧأȻٷΧҪȫһۣٲ֮ء
һһѪħ޲ħңֻǧǱһʧƻȻǰԼãעǴˡ
һٻ飬һЩάȻᳯŻԵħŮһơħŮȫһۿüٶʧûʣ¡
Բˡ˭ħأһ૵һŸղŮǰķȥħά϶
ԶԶġһһȦʵɢγһȦԼɼһĨˡʹĿȻԸܵɢıˡ
˵ħάĺĥΪ֡û뵽ҲһˡĪǰܹĸ˵ƭһһͬһȴŻɱİ취ɴ˿ɼĳѾӲһľ硣Ӳ׶Ůɱ֡ɱδԥ
ʱ֮һĵڳĲݴڵҹԶĿȻһһûĵܡ
һ˿Զ򶾴֪֡ǲǴȻһСӰһšüһϢǱ˹ȥϸ鿴Ӱĵط
ȻһĿһƵ򶾴ֵıԵһϸСĽӡ״࣬аֺӡԱߵһɫֲб۵ĺۼ
һعͷԶһƬֲֲϳɫĹʵ
ԭˣҷǵÿ򶾴ľһĺıħάʱҲ߿
һԶĺֲȻƷ򶾴ֵıԵϵϢһԡ
һʱȥˣûж
ʱȥˣȻ
һһҹȥˣûһЩ֮ʱ򶾴ͻȻϤϤµ
һëԴͷԵ̽˳ֻԴνĴܣС߷ΧһЩһʮӽǣӾһһٰʮȵǡ
С˳ǿ֫壬ָ⼫
˳ɫʵֲǰСվӵֱתһҲûзɾޡ
Ȼ䣬СָһֲϵĹʵģɲǼóһӰ
֨Сͻһͣ屻һ۱㿴һŻЦĿĴĲ򱻽˵֮С
ңҡһ䣬СﾹԣŸġ
٣˵ʲôһʵ
ҲǸҰɡС
ȻǸɱҲɱˡһɱܲһСͷʱ˳
ҪҡҿԸһΰȫ򶾴ֵܡСѵ˵
һȻ漴ϲ


668 ħά


̤Ьٴȫѹ
һħ֮һֱ񾭷˿̡Ц׽סСɪڵϡı顣
ԭСΪһװڵĵط˽ħάˡʵںܾúܾǰħͨƶϳ򶾴̺ŴȼߵħһֱڳԽ롣ûһγɹ򶾴ֵĶ䶾ؿɸʴκζ֡ʹħƴҲֲ˶áȻ򶾴еħʯߡȴҲòա
СｻʵԶ֮ǰħǻɲֹħˡʮǻﲢ档½һ㡣ħ˷ٴγɴ򡣲ħܹȫռȥħԲɱħ֮ǻʵʩԡСԶһǻı֡ȱħ׷ɱھн򶾴֡ȴżȻֽ򶾴һֲ֭ҺͿĨϱɲ־綾ˡӴ˱򶾴֡ȥΪģ
ڴʱħάǷͻһĿһٻűסܶСϢǱߴȥ
ħ󽫾ԸԼκ˶ȥάһ͵һħСǰ˵ʲôϷС
н˴¡мԴħСܻϵıʶӦѪħ޵ˡ
һҲʲô²¡ֻħ󽫾ĪҪΪǲС
дǲħµǶˡҪħ󽫾ϱѵñ𣿡ħСϻֱͳħǰһΡ
һǱԶšЩ֡Ѫħ޲һϢôֳһ
ڴʱһӦ򶾴ֱԵħάԼ˵±񹦿ںһеʽԼΧںһ
ȻֻÿһĨӰ֡ħάѾħСǰ
ѪħңάʵһӹĶǡصѪɷ˶֮ӡ
ǵġħ󽫾Ѫħ󽫾м顣ϵ㡣¶šħС
Ƕˣһأάʵ
йءѪħ󽫾ûħǼġٴҴħǰħС
άͷȴҲ⡣ÿ⼸˭˶ǸܵȻȥˡ
άӹˮ˼ˮ򷺳һȦΡ
ǽƻʮħɱӡħĳ衣ά漴һâˮСħСûȥѪħ˵ˡϢӡˮ
ħСԶάüͷҲ֪Щʲô
һ˶ԻһѺͬʱӿ˷ܡһֱԽôά֪޵ļƻġһжƽˡ˯ͷһ֡ˬ
໥ϰɡϵԽĬԽáһ롣

άʮʿħ籱һƬɭоħͼһĿ곯Ϊá
һħά롣Ϊļƻάתɱ򱱷
ܴ򶾴䲻⡣ؽݻ١ֻϧһƬԵħάŵͼ򶾴ֵķλ
ڴʱһƽͺ嫵ϢάϮ˹
άϲ̻תӡȴվĲ˼ҹǸˡһɵľ顣
άҼүҪҴ㡣һǵ䡣ȻҲǸˮǴˡɲɵԾӸ¡ָʹһܹӴŮɿͿˡ˭֪Ů᲻Ϊһأ
˵άͷȻûпһǰ֡Ҳôһʹӡ
ְάϡһϢӿάԺ֮ʧӰˡ
άɫЩѿʮŽʿҪħˡû뵽ħѵһֻħ޾šȺħ˸۵ءߡҪճȫߡҲ²С
ˡάȵ

һ򶾴ֵС򶾴֡Ȼ˵򶾴ôôֱֲڲᵽȫֵػһ㱻ʴ졣ԼٶšֲþħҲ䡣
һֵеСˣҪ
˵ˡֻҪͿֲ֭Һ򶾴ȥɡСָһŹģС
ûϴɡСһҪ֪ϴĺǺصġһСﶶ˶в
ϴءϴġСŵûֻ˵Ŀ⳯Լһɨ͸ǵɭ亮⡣
ǾͺáһһҪæһٺЦ
ʲô龡˵ֻҪһȥСＱæһһҪԼĺ
жһЦʡ
Сһƴҡͷ
ġҲҪ˺ǡֻǧס򶾴֡ضԲɼ֭ҺʮСֻǰæѡǻӦرꡣһһֵ˵СšЦ˵
Сһתħʵ˿ֲֻƾֻôáҵĿǰΪֹһɵӡȻŻԼǲ֪ôԼ˵Ļ
ҪʲôꣿССʵ
ֻҪǰ¡Ժ˱㲻ڶӵ򶾴Сǿħѡһӡ㿴ôһ
Сﵱ±Ŵ߳͡򶾴֡汲ϣһɲġ
ôŲңһʵ
ǡֻЩħˡС
ֻҪǰҡԺħ˵㡣һ׵
СﰡһͰ͵㡭ҪҪ򶾴ֽ͵Ϯ
Ȼܴڴȥ˰ɡһסСڵϡȻƳиǰСıƤ㡣ʱ̴ζҺ˳
һЩ֭ҺͿϡÿռָһֻҰö˳ֻһգ۵Ĺ⿾Ұñ㱻ʴһҺ塣šͿ֭Һһֻõݳ⡣ζȱһȥ˻֡Ҫ֪򶾴ÿһĵʮ־ˡ濴ɡʵᵽϡ
Сס򶾴ﶼ޷档Ķ޲ࡣ򶾴ֿĽ
Խ档һ۾ԽСû˵ѡ򶾴¶ڵرĸߴȸߵȼħеСõôһءԴٸľŰ
ͨһƬϡһǰһֻǰһƬտ֮ؽľݡСһ㳤߶
һСﴳʱʱ˶ŵùꨡΪߵħ˴ҪϾɱˡ򶾴֡˼ٶ뽡׳⡣ǵáֻҪڴ֮СҪץסǲһѡ
Сһ͡ɧҵȺƽһܽǴ򶾴»صǧʱһ˷ֽܵߵڽӴһ
ͨ峤һ̸һ֪塣ħҲǺպ塣ֻǱħ˱ƽ򶾴֮ϵʧ峤»صعκϣ
һΪɼʿõĿ֭Һ峤ˬرӦһȥ峤㼴̾˼䡣ݺᡣ㿴ôһϣӦúЦȪˡ
άʮŽʿ̤ħάءѪֶǡͨħһϢתƲƲʼݡűħάȨĵسҲħټǨ㡣ʮǾſաⶼΪħΪġħħԹߴﵽ˶塣޵ĲǶϵλ󽫾ÿʮҪϽɲΣ澹ƨûšֱǺİ
̡ҿ̶áάһ˿ɫɱһɱ⡣

ħҹħάüĽϯ֮ϡһԸеѪʽסؿڴƬѩ׵ļ¶һ鹵ҡҷ
󽫾Ѫħħ͹ľ顣һλħʿ
ά󡣽Ըˡҵ֪ͨȥսᡣ峿
塣һǻûзءάĿɱ֮ǰˡ
ʱƯŮ˽һذάżһ°ĦСȡ
άһܵģһֻ̧𡣾ȻڵŮظදŮһⰻȻά㿪ʼϸϸ˱ƽŮؽȥάϰסһɴΰظ
ܿ졣˱ؾһ֮֮̾Ϊֹ
һ¡ͨ϶ĿɿڴһĻĥӣû뵽ħάȺá治ǼƷ
ż߿Ůһ̱رħάһѩ׵ļŵķۺ󡣺ʪ޼䡣⡣ĵҪˮ
һ˲䡣һΣյ߳ʱŮĽ䱸ɳ۵ʱʱɱ߷ְաֻ뵽յļƻһջͷѹά־޷ôļ֮ƾ޷ʵСҲĴﲻ˼ˡ
ˡɡһȥʱڵάͻȻؿڵ
һƤһǵ͹ħάпʼŸķ󷽷ӡŮľ
άһ֡һħнոջ̵Ůնϡĺɴ˿ɼһߡ
ʧٵŮɱİɡάһħһʵһȴ˹һϡ
ûһЦŵͷһ²ⶾкĿġҪɱڷʱȫԵʵǿħΧټԼҪЩѡ򶾴ֽߡкܴտԱ
ʸһλ񣿡άʵ
вա°һҼħħŮкܰһٺЦħαװжȥ¶ĿǰסάСҡ¡
ά˦һ֡Ȼʹ˲ʲôȾƵġ
ʲôƻ˵ɡҿ㡣άˡһԭء


669 ȫʤ


ԹħάΪħħ֮һôһԸԼͬأ
ΪʲôһɣҺѷĵһһЦղųƺ޲ýһɶ˱̬ɵӡ
ʹ壬ͬҲʹħ塣ܹһòˡά
ɲҡôһħ塣һƳάһ˵
ǿɲһֻشħ塣ֻҪħһءʱֵˣܾˡֶΪάеһЦ
һһü˵ĵҲ޵ֻ֮١
Һʧͣʲô֮ƣһʧأϾħͷά
ҡ𣿡һٺЦά¶ѩ㣬Ůص𽵹еӿһ˿ȣֻ֪ЫŮճ׼ù
άҡҡͷڿ뿪Ҿ
һһ£ҵһԵķӣͿϲˡ
˵˵ά
ܼ򵥣ڰҵҪ󷢳㲻սؾŶҪϸذľ¡һթЦʮֿˡ
û뵽άֻ룬Ȼͬˡ
άһָʾһش춼Ҫѵ˶ϡٺЦħ󽫾سˣսЩҪʵ̫ˣԻίһˡ
˵šһϱǵͷʯһ㯵ά
Уر࣬Ⱥ¾ᱻϡֻôܾе㲻̤ʵϵڱɲͷϵءһֹάϱͷʱıʮֹ졣

ߴŹʮͨռڵħ磬һͿϷҺ򶾴֮С
ʱάʮʿ䱾ɱħֶθӲ̣Ѫȡħ󽫾޶ħذյؼħʿҲ߿ЩѪɺӵĳׯǵڡ
ڣħά׼ǰһҹħħжнʿ䣬еھӪɱɱежӱƼҡ
άƹ򱱲أݻٱʳء
ħάľ峿ʧһ㡣άʮڰħǰɱӾȻëûһ
١ܲˡ󽫾ѵǱȺαħɱǵͬ𣿡һ˳߸ߵħ彫бҧÿֱ졣ʱݵתˡʮı֧ƫƫָֻܿоֱ衣
Ҳܲˡǳȥǡ˲ˡһħ
һʱڶħ彫Ӧάؽжʱʱһٶħ֮䡣ħάʮʿ
άһħϲʿ߳ߴʹħβ
һһ֮ȤؿһĻϷЦͳ档άǽü
ԣһϷһֵݳҪάؼйء
ʱһ䣬ѪħħҲϷ
Ѫħ󽫾ϵħ󽫾һħ彫ߵ󽫾ǰ
Ѫħ޵üͷһ壬ħô£ͷҲӰ
ѪħҪˡıѾҧסʮӵβֻͣҪճǱɽǰΧһټ𡣡ħں˵
Ѫħ޺һв֪ΪЩͲ

һǳһĨ΢Цһӣ߲ɵӡںڰħϿ
ĩΪ֮𶯡罫ʿ޽ħ籱ءݻٱغĵľ豸Լħ󡣱ضʱΪһƬҵ
Ѫħˣǳɡħ˷ܵ
ٵȵȿѪħ޽
ٵȡٵǵµĽʿҪˣⱱħԪڣÿһʧܳܵġħ
ޱЩȷֻѲ̫ࡣȵ𣬿ɵ½ʿȲΪûгʮ顣Ѿཫʿʾˡежӱ
нʿԭƻаΧ𡣡޻ӷ
ħ籱شɱݻ֮ʱѪħ޷˷Χܵħħɷʱ֣ʼڽѹͼȫס
Ѫħ޿·ҵսȵҵħٷҾ
Ӧһʧħǰ׷˹ȥ
ʱһڰħյñ򶾴֡һЦʼ
򶾴еͻȻѸ͵ɱӺֱֱɱ˹ħɰΧ˸ܵСζʱҡ
޼·ƣǳ鴤һ¡һӦؼơڶӦ㻳ɵħάϡ
󽫾ħ󽫾´˵ħ󽫾ɽǲΥħ崫
䡱һһ֮½⴫ĩΪһо֮СڲŷķչؿƷΧ
ħħ㣬㾹Ȼ⡣̣ҧгݵ
һڰпħҡһ㱻ɱʳмΪ⡣
ѪħħǳסټһϲСһٺټЦתͷڶƻ
ѪħǸƴˡħűҪսȦ
ħ㼱ʲôǵħ޾ϾҪϵˣ˭ʤ˭ûжֻҪŹһءħ³أеǻʰǡסһһִ֪ĵѻѹ˶ŭ
ħ˦Ѫħ֡޺ϴһȭвʡ
λ󽫾ħ޾Żʮӱɵһλսս棬Ŀͬŵǻֲ̿ѡ
Ѫħħͬʱһϲħ޾սǿ󣬳䲻֮˵ױͻطΧ
ʱѪħǰԶ붨㴫ѶˮͻȻһλѪħ彫죬ˮѪħ۾ɲʱϴ󡣶϶ħħ⵽񡭡
û˵ꡣˮħ彫һ
Ѫħ޺ħɫ࣬ħرֻʮ򡣶ħħ¾ɵغλħ󽫾ܳܵأħһرضŭֱħ޷ѩϴĳ衣
λ󽫾һսѪħ޵سƺſɲǴģħȫ屬ΪɡһѪɫ޸ѪӰ֮彫ʿ׷ױħΪɵħޣǿɵɽѵƻ˸Թ
һñƳλħ󽫾Цŷ룬Сޱٻ˳ں󷽶սĸƹҲһսȦһֱӶѪħޣʮλһ}ϼ޶ħ
ѪħĶҡһתƵϿתӴɲʱסѪħħطɢø彫ʿһ
ѪħѪɫһɳЦ֪աƴҪҲҪͬھ
һüͷһʥħѧԺɽ˼̵ħӦˣٺЦϧûкҩɳԡ
أѪħ˻ʵ
˵˼̡ԹԴ˱Ůˣħ°Ůӣձץһħ繫šҲǹƽ˰ɡһŴЦ
Ѫħһ鴤һ
һϵѳɣ񹦴ﵽ˵Ĳ㡣ʵѪħ֮ϣ˵ҪɱѪħףѪħҪǲ̫ܡ
䡱һһѪħҡһϢĻ֮ڲõֱֱ֮ͻѪħĻħѪɡ
Ѫħһһ񷴶ƽԼʵһ֮¡ħʮһ}޵Χֲð˿ôٲȥħ»Ӳءˣħ³ʰҲ١
ħʮʬ峱ˮȥһ֪ħ޾˲Զֹͣ׷תرһƬ档
һսȫʤȡ˻Ի͵ʤ˵˲õĹʢ£Ҫ֪ʮǰ绹ħѪ˴ʤһһЩϡ
彫ʿʿʢ׷Ҫһ׷ħͨͨݻ١
һȴ֪˴ʤռʱ˺棬ħԿٷְٲ˼ҵĶ֡
ħάµѳһƬ棬ʬѻɽЩӡ
ˣһ


670 Ѫɫ1


һ㡣ãάŵ
һʼ磬ҲûˣʵˣȻάΪⲢҪҪĿѾɡ
סҵǸ˭ģһתҪʱάͻȻʵ
һһͣתǧͷסάȻǵϱǵͷʯѵħάʲôϸ𲻳ɣ
濴˴ǳƴճ׵֡ά˵
һתЩϱʲôʱά׳˹ϵάǵϱħ˽Ůɡ
һԼ뷨һҲûʲôܵģֻάûһеֻӴħ
˭άЩ룬ٴʵʱһ·ĺһ㣬㯣壬
ΰĴϱǣҪĴ𰸣һش
άһĿ⽥һ˳ɣħûгء򡭡
һͷת˼ͻȻͷάһ߰ɡħһءŹء
άһ˿âѵõ¶һ˿΢Ц仰ûаװ㡣Ҳߵءħҽô
һٺһЦ˵άݸе档ʱҲû˼̽ȥҲٶ˵һʧԭء

ħ
Ѫħʱ˻ǱصʬһƬõķ档Ǹ߸ߵħǱϵʮԱħ彫졣һһΡ
˫ĿԲҧÿֱ졣ʦħһƬžнʿĬĬؿһСлǵҲǵغѡһ޿ءħʮǰħͬ顣ȵħ廹Ҫ̡ʬûһȱءеֱӱӡеʿظ类չʾһȫͳ⡣
顣Ѫħֱֱڵءͷһͷɫشֳͷըһᵽֿ̹ĵسޡ
ħصԼءҲͬز¡Ȼħϲ١Ͻʮ۳֮˺عǡҪɱ硣ǱȰֹסѪħ¡
Ѫħܲˣ˳ħħ´ԲȥħͬǰħͨˮѪħ޵
һҪģҪäĿ¡Ѫħ޾һй侲ʶʮǰѾʵظı䣬ʮŽᣬһеı仯ΪǸԳƴ˵ذһǵڲ½ʱûû뵽ٴμʵȻȾ֮ϡ
ô죿潫ʿʿ䣬ȥԼ߽ˡħ
Ҫָħʿֻһ취ɱһǵģѪħ޴̶شЦĿ˸ŷѪɱ⡣

һȫʤ̬ʱ綼ԷףһֱħѹͷϣʱʱرһħӳĳɱʱȴʧӰ٣ĳ裬ڽֳ䱾ػħ塣
ڰһĴͻħ磬һζξսѸ紫ֻǿŴ˵ų˾ľ֧ȴһʤﵽ˶塣
Ǳ֮УɵΪһȫĦʱˣħ紫Ϣһʲô顣ڿɺˣʤˣһˣҲĵعհŰţбһƬȣ޹Ƕһſһϣǰűĥһʵıһͨͷȫ͵͵
һɲʱأС֪ħһֱֽצԲĹĵϺݺһץǾ˵ĵ˹һһǾõָа
ݵĽӻȣ̵ҪƵءųĺ촽ѽϸܵһؾ߶
һһ׳ѹȥסűش
ǳԣݰ˫ȴζζ
ˣһάؼʱ̡ͻȻά
һһΣŮˣʲôʱãƫƫؼʱ̡
Ҫһߴ
һҡҡͷݴ¶һѡҪЪŰɣ¹㡣
һ·ʧڷڣõڴ׹ĳ£ɢž˵һֹάúŮȴˡ
άŴ߳һ۾׽ߵļɫӡü΢΢һ壬漴չ
ά˴ʤĹ㡣ԺߴŽл࣬ͳɡһЦ
лˡǰֻһ²άû¶ϲ飬ʵ
˵˵һ
ħάΪ󵹸ꣿάƽȴЩ쳣Ĳ
һüһƺƷһЩζٺЦôǻɫ๴ħ
ģЦάҧűݣЩ߳ŭӡ
ɣʵ˵ʵҲ֪һʼ
ħ̽թħάˣͻȻ󵹸꣬˲òɡά
ǵǣⲻǹؼؼĵӮսʹħԪˣģֻҪǷʲôıơһЦ
ˣȻ˳άգʤǧ²ħô죿άЩƵ˵
һٺһЦͻȻά˿㻬۵ʲôȻץʱָԪħء
һ˵ͻȻһüͷɲʱ
άһϷһ˿ۣصı飬еػʱΪǣʵôˣ
գǱôһʤͷһɫ԰׵ԼԴάټ׼ս

½һֻֻ¾ڵ۹֧Ѹٳɾȼ˫ӪϱԵ̵֮һڵĲпѵѵЩ±ӣƽٵѹ֮£һֻֻ¾ܿɳ߱൱ս
ͬʱ½ȫֵĳǮĳǮеϵһ˵֮ĲƽԼѱŭֹҪںһҪʱ䣬ȴû뵽ڹͬԺƽ֮ʱʵ˸Ĵںϡ
ҹɫ½Ѿ˶Ѿӭ붬һѩ
Хϯϸܵѩһҹ֮䣬ɽȾס
ֹǣǵ۹̲µ۹֮Ľһǣػŵ۹
£һűһӰڷѩֱšѩǵͷϽһ˪һҲѩȾסһֱһĩͬûصһ㡣
յħ̽յƽڳ䣬һŵܰӰӱ̽յƵƶƶš
ͻȻ䣬һĨӰڵƹһšһĿһڽеʮȽ쳣
ôһСյħ̽յˢһȫ˵ط򣬼һƬҵѩء
ѵʲôħޣ¥ϵĵ̽յԱһбһֻڳëѪ˫Ŀֲħӡ
һƹٴһɨͻú滹һƬһħޡ
ԱħޣǵϮϮһ̽յƵյһ׶ħ壬˵Ϯ
Ϯżһͳ½֮һ˯еʿԾ𣬼жֻӲٳǽϱȥ
һƬ޾ĺӰųֹǡҵսʹ˴졣
ֹǧħħжлзħޡЩħ޿ɲǲ½ħޣħѵħ޾šʵֻ߲ͣ۲½ľˡ
ڹħ޾ŵһħʿķӦ֮⣬Ϊ֮ǰȫǴ´ࡣ
ʵȴħΪ𾪡ħ޾໥ϣڶԷսսȻ뽺״̬
Щʿ໥ϵطʽܶԹħ˺˲أħ޾ŵΪ⡣
ħȵǣЩеͨվԻǸؼսֱڶʱ֣ⳡʵսŽ
ֹǧʮͨͨսûһбɱģʬм߰ĺȻץשͷľ֮λħĵ﷢ʲôʱͲʲôıųǡ
ħ޴жǧˣħ˵ǲģʵ֮˲أٲ˾̺ˡ
ħ֪ǣڲ½ͬʱܵħ幥ļʮطҲ壬˶٣ܽ壬Щ½ħȷﶼһ˿½ʵ̫ˡ
£顣ո˯µŭѹڴһͳ³ֽ鲻б飬ħԤϵÿࡣ
ŭһ½ʮദط⵽ħԵĹĺƽ֮ӣһ죬ƽٵ١
һʱŵǷʹ֮иǵƻͨĳ佫һá
̫ӱ϶ħҪһŻṥڿǰ࣬Ҹոսӵ飬½ʮط⵽ħԵĹŭ֮ϣ˵
£̫µĺƽٽԤ½˿ھӷʽʵơΪ½ӴԪ˧ı˵
ȸ顣佫׷׸͡
һ뿪֮ǰӦħֵķ½Ϊе˿ھ£֮ϵϣγɽʽβӽй
ʱĳ֮ķһּ֮һЧʲ֪˶ٱ
֮УһڶѾ۵һϹܿĶѾܴ󣬶˿̵ĶҲ΢͹ˤţڿ»˵ıΪǶһĹѪ
ܿ˿̣£ǻ׵ٶȥһܰɣʵڲбº֮ǣ֮ǧ¡ݷ˵Ҳ׷Ȱ˵
Ǳ˵ˣ½ħռ죬㵽ҲûãҺҵĺӾǣĶҲȥĹѪôز۵ġϹܿŴĶӵЦ̥ʱʱһ֤ʢľѪע֤ⳡƽ٣֤ĸڼһֱôΪֻĸһ㡣
ûǵļңҲһĸǾʹ˿˵
ŮŮģҲ˵ʲôΪ˺֮Ȱ˵ˣıħ幥ƣʱתҲ٣ŵʱԼҲȷѡ
ں֮⣬ţһƬյϣһʮһյزǸȾѪþһһ麮һ㱧ĿػһŮǵְ𣬲һ


671 Ѫɫ2


ħԲ½ȫĽһʱ
½˿ھӿʼ£ħĻ߹˺ܴ谭ԭ޴ıǿ½⣬ȴò
ֻʵĲϾǰģħǿ£½嶼˲ء
Ѫħ֪½ķͼͬȡϱһİ취ԸʳıǺɽΪ
Ȼʱľӳħ󷽽ϮţЧ
ǾӪ֮УԱΪλھһ顣챴ɯѷʮ飬أ֧Ԯ
ǲоӶôɽܰ˵
Уǳħսܵĸ졣õİ취̫ӵµķΪϮΪİ취ֵ̫ӵ»˵ǳ𸴣ӽһˡ
Ų½ھԵʵǰκμıԵ԰ף翹Ҳֻ翹ˡ
ɽɯǰǲҶ׳۵սҧÿֱ죬սͣ໥ϲ࣬սʮֳԿ̶һ֮ڡѾ룬ôȥҲֻȫ³ˡ
Ϣʱ䣬ȴһع顣ħϮֻⲻ˴˵ȶӵƣŲ˶೤ʱ䡣
ɯǳܲס岻ܶϾ
ô󳷳ɽѪħȴǹЦ
˰˰ɡ˿ھȫһʡñ鷳Ѫħ
ʵһڿʼʱǲǺϱһԸħҪھԵʵǰֻҪħһȱھܴɱذա־ǻӵءʱ˵ͱɽħ½һٻնΪ򽻲ơԱ޶ȵֿħ֡

άһ֧ǰħ硣ħѾħ硣дֿ㷵硣Էħˡһ˵
ǡˡάȥ
һһſһ֧ͨ½ؿռڵȥļ١ȴֳܱϣʵԼôźá

սǻпıʽƺĶ棬һײ
ħһݻ˲½Χ״˼ħͷѻɸ߸ߵͷɽɲŤ泯½Ȩǣ˵졣
ûʱһȥˡȥҪٲǿͻ£һļҾ׽ʱǰһˡѪħ޵֪һܿ췴ӦԮڿڶʱǲ½ˣҲֻ˶ΡһļҾ׽ʱζ˵ĺϾҪˣСǼ۵ġ
ò˵ѪħһʮֽթؼһǿͻƼķȻħһЩۣﵽĿģ㸶ٱĴҲֵõġ
Ȼħǿͻƣ½ް취ֻħХŲǶȥ
µİ취βħβͽаƺû취ˡİΧȦѰ·ħʵ½ʵһΣһҲⱻΧֻ׽סһؼҾɱħ磬Ǿ͵ŰһԼɡ
ǣİѾԴ˭֪ħǳء
õ۹˭֪½һ壬ͬͬ¾ɳǧԷ֯Ϊ۹ṩǿĺڱϡ
ޣСӶȥˣӶ¸񵰣ȥӳһȺɱǧħˣ̫ӵ»֮ءһϺһľŭĶԶ˵
״ˣ˵һƬҲ쵱ĺṵ֮́ոѵӱڻ˵һߴĺ˸͵
ͬһĻÿһطݣ׽ȥӣӽɷȥӣүүĩҲͣ½˿ǰĿ顣

վڸ߸ߵسǽ֮ϣϬԶ鱨ʾħѾǿͻ˰Χܵؼּ·Ȩ
Ҵ㷢ıأէһоıɱǾ٣Ѿܾúܾˡ
ʹһţȻûǣǴ˶ɱ㹻˿̹ġ
ͻȻ䣬һ㳯ǵķӿаħʼڿŰ
ˡһսбȼս
һ䱸ħнʿԴ
ħϣнط˹ÿԿħ彫ʿªģ
Ƿ֡𵭵
ǵĵ»֮Уħʯͬʱһħ֮ڡʱһɵĹֽ޴䡣
Ƿ֣һħȫ֮ҵĲȱ󣬾ħʦĹͬ޸ķڼƵزʱɵŻѪ֮ħʦΪħѳְ
ħħڻǷ֮ϣǷֳ΢΢Ĳ֮ʯ
нʿһһʱħ޷ͻ⻤Ƿˡ
һĨɫӰƮȻ˳ǽվ˱
Сλðٺ𣿡΢΢ͷʵ
Ѿźˡܿ˿̺Ѿص״ħҲߡСɫͫ׷Ĺâ
ûи˵ϷϢ̫ŨһƱħҪĿ꣬һʧֱܡԷصơü
˵ˣ϶괦̻Աһܡ
һ˿ݡһŮ࣬ʱǶԴھӪŲ½еؽʿصķʽǹͬˡ
ʱһȺףӢˬŮ˹Ű˽˫Ӫľеؾ
һſڱ󣬸д˼ᶨȻϿˮһ㼤ĻǷ֡
ϱǣôȵҾˡعװѻħۡ
ʺнʿ
ضˣձλһͬɱСӢ˲ƺֻصŮʱ½ӡ
ʱǼӰǶȴǵزŭ̫ϻſԼĽݲһǰˡ
ŭһװһѽ޽ڼϣԵЩײࡣ˶һۣø߹СŮͷݸһЦ
ʱѪħվһֻ޴ؽħϣüͷ·Ǿ޴ĻǷ֡û뵽ǻд˵ȼ̵Ļ֣ôûûļ
ħôȥˣħʴȰɣһġѪħ𲻺õĸоܾȥд䡣

һͨ½ռڵλ֪Ǽ¼ʲôȻٳٲܳɹ򿪿ռͨ
ˣάϢһλ彫Ҵһǰݹһħż
һչһάħ磬ѪħħشƾʧһѪϴħжеħάȴٴλع鵽ħ󽫾λãʰħħħ磬˫Գ֮£˭Ҳռ˭ıˡ
ԣѪħħʱ˲½һܲż
άѾĵ׸ʲôһһȭԱһ촷ۣΧ彫ҳ

Ѫħħ̧һںĳκӣӡıħһʶnħʴȣס
ӱ򿪣һ۵غɫȣͨ᲻𿴶۵Ȥ
ѪħħŻɬǸѪճŷϵ䣬ϤաϽ˴Ŀĺâ
ѪħȣʶƵţȲҪԼ
žһȱħ˹ȥ
ѪħǼ˫ħȱ㣬ħûжνˡħ¸ЦһִѪħҪ˵ĻŵץˣһҡħҲ֪ˡ
졪ħʴ񣡡ħ߾ٷȣһһϵͽ
ɲʱħڰ֮һ㱬ŨīĺâֱֱصĻǷ֮ħԿüٶȿήµķҲԿüٶɢ
нʿ׼սһŷѵ˲䡣һ㽫ͷħȷնء
ˣħ彫ʿȫһɱ⡣Ѫħޱħʧȥĸʬ˻
ޱȲҵսʹĻ˭֪û֣ûܡ
ֵǣɱɱһɱ׬һһ۹ӵСӳߺţиֵһɫضһħʿڣӱħʿͷһȥһħʿԴЦĿ׬һֵ
ӴһƬĲ֮Уϵ¾Ӱӡ
Ƕǽһطȴħ󲿷ֵظߵħǷΧűǧĽʿŭͱһˣǶ֪Щǰһˡ
ѪħްɸߵֱɱսȦҪжħĳŵҪðһ׵˼
ŭſԼĽݲһ˿Ѫħ޲ţѪԿš
䡱ѪħһƽĽݲȻˣŭ붫ˡ
Ǿһĸĸɣձֵ»ȪɡѪħ޼Ц޴ֱ̩ɽѹһ㳯ŭ붫䡣
¡
ʺ󡭡
˶ѣ׷׼ǿĹǸֹѪħ⾪һС
ͷһĨӰ㴳룬Ӳ޵ֱ۶һͣôһ£ŭ붫ϢĹȦС
Ӱ˻ȥһͷ׳ĺɫֻһţΧʮϮħʿ˸ɡ
۸椶һƨɡŮǸͷʮ椶
壿ֻϧĩ꣬ҪȻЩ鷳Цţ޴Ӱһ㹥ȥ
޵ûдţֻʮбѹס椶ʱǧĲ۹ʿʧһոҲʣȫ˵޵ƿ֮С
˹֣ҲֻҳҶ粻͵Ϯ־͵Ҷ޺޵ȵһ׵ļǻҳ
ҪʱˣһȲǡ
Ҳһһڿը죬߲ʹâȻγһУΧסһ֮˵ħ彫ʿʱһɾƵõ˰ס
֮УһŴĿ߲һ㽵١


672 ƽٽ


̫ӵ£̫ӵ»ˣֵƴˣЩյħˡлһƬ˷ܵش
һֵĶղǽʿͰձħ弸һ浹ɱһһ֣ǾűЩħˣ֪һĵλڲ۹ʿдﵽһʲôĲΣǽŲɣֻҪһ֣Щֲħ嶼һ
ġѪħ޺޵ʱ̾Ȼһ
ӿռֲͨսƶʱתħһ浹ɱֹһֺʿ䣬ƵˣʼִΧ
Ѫħ޼²Ϊϵ´˳˵
ȫǻڸߺʿſһо񣬶ͨռݵ
һƮȻǰĩڣһѱסᶼʪ½
ףҪޡһŶļ磬ҲһᣬͲôһ㣬ǾͻһƬ棬ҲҪ
Сӣٲͼˡһе㷢һĶϱǸỨŶӵĻͳˡ
Тøܾˡһ
ˣҲôûϱˣȥǺúһ¡һȥҪͶ˵ŭߡ
ʱһûһƬҷ֮СȺ⣬޺޴΢ЦţŮ鸴ӣǻΪһʮСŮ椶첻ᣬϰҵĸף椶ûء
ͻȻк˴һһ衣ʱ䡣û˵һ䡣ôƾʧŮ֮С
϶·ˡĶȻؽ˵
СĿһ˫Ȼ͸ͫһѣεתǰһͼ
áܿΣաСٵżһ㡣ƮȻԶȥ
ŮһϹܿ˿̻¿ɶһعⰡô̡ɾʹˡ׷Сζȥ
顱ӻ˻Ρ³һڴźѪһֻ͵ӰӺ
ţüŭĿαףþӳһŽӰ
˱ϹܿеŮӣϹдŶӲ¶̥˵ӣ˿ҧͷħ֧Ԯ˵ǰʮȼ͵ħعţͼնɱ°һеӡ
Ů˻аһĹ⡣ץǿĹͣɱˡߵȼһħе
ʮħĹȻǿȻó˳̵żȻֵĵͨɱˡȻӵѪħ޷ĳǾ޴ĹͰǰǲòͦաץŮôħ罫վԵ
ħݺ֮Сţƺɣߵȼħ˷ܵشһħצķɹħֱֱһԵϹܿץȥ˫ɷʱ⣬кխוּһۡ
ϹܿؿϮħצŴˣȸŶڣ۾еǡ
Ȼ߲֣۵ĺϣűһҵĽǴħצħڿУͻȻѺֱֱۣȥ
ݵӭӡϹܿоһϤůһǶضԵض
Ϲܿһۣ۱ǻǣӵĻЦݣԼԽڻĺ
˿һϲΧ
үϴ˵ţҲǰе
һţļ磬һоڲУղǷȻǿ󣬵ΪۣҲΪһˡ
ʱСŮϵʮ಻ܶħټܿŮȻҲһ
գʮߵȼħһӲ۹ʿѺĵһ˹ǼӣԴÿơ
Ϯˣ賿ʱ֣Ǳһѩ׵غ˪
һվڻʹ԰֮УüͷҹգЩһһԺлطţͼзһЩʲô
һӿռָͳһӣһĦһ˼ܸһƽ͵ĸоÿ֮ʱó
ͻȻ䣬ͻȻͻͻּš
һ΢΢һ¡۾ܣСסĿڣ׷ɣضԼеӡ
ѵһȻ֮¾ôɣǵںðմʱ񽩸ģ˵ѰʮħսʱӡʧŮ
һ̯ƣӻʱΪһӰСü֮䡣
Сһ˶ƮðĿĹ⻪

ĺʱɢʱۣ·Ѫ̶֮ˮ˹˵ķڲݡ̾ϢͻȻصĩչУѪ̶ƵһӿʮɸߵѪˣϷĺһĩչУ㻯Ϊһ侧Өʢıħӿ
Ҳ֪˶áѪ̶еѪˮͻȻ߷ֿһ޴δ滺ȴǱչضħĿɣֻͷѾȾΪѪһĺɫ
˵ģһ챾ħЦֻǲ֪ΪΣ˵һʱԶһ¡
ĩչȣѪħޡħάߵȼħغ棬ħ춯֪ħء
ȻĩչȱһƬѪɫ֣ѪӰһӴɷɲʱ佫Ѫħ޺ħάħһѪ˳ȥ
Ȼ֮£ħ̧ͷħɸߵڰСһɹѪɫ嫵ǲҶڶۡ
¹ӭ³ءϲ񹦴ɡһħشеֻħάԵЩĲɡЩӡ
ħһ֣Ѫħϡǵƶʱȫˣǲ֪ħǶôĿ£ǰһѲΪˡ
½ѿʼָֻƻʩ»صһĻع飬Ƕеϲ͹裬ħҲʲôвˣǺƽҲֻ¶һٱ˰ɡ
Ѫɫ磬ħ޴Ӵ˲壬ͻ彫ɱڰңĩվǰСƮ֮Уȫһ㵭Ľ⣬üһĨǻԣ˫촽һһ³
ŭһһڷСԤԣɫѿСϵطӡ⿪Ҳǿе֪ԼݣȷʵһŮһŶһ޶Ԥ츳ŮԷӡ⿪֮ԤѴﵽ֮硣


ĩպƽٲŸոĻˡһޱ˵


ƺҪ֤СԤһ㣬ʱ֮󣬱һϴĳοͻȻһƬѪɫһƬӰʼʳߵ̫ɷ죬ӴѹϢ˾񵱼
ɣӼ֮սٶȳ֡һֻʣߵ̫Ц
ˣѵûԴͷ𣿡ɻ
УҲ֪ģ׼սɡһʼ硣
̫ȫڰʴһؽŴѿÿһ
ֳڲ½ڲ´½Լ֮ǽԳΪĹȣ鲻磬ҲΧҫ֮ճΪħһĺڰ֮ա
һħãЩƺָһж֮ʱ֪ˣĩպƽٿʼ١
ȻҲҿ϶ԴͷҲӦħ硣Сű椶ķյµһƬƬ˵
ҲǡһǲӦħһˡ
Ѫɫһ鵹ǰŨصʳһգĹȣס
ͻȻ䣬նۿâ˸˼£ԭܵ齫û
һĸһ֮Уţʶȴ˯֮С
ʱһֱһһ̯ƣѪɫӡǣЩãȻ
ٴɱ˻ɵؽʥֵΨһƽ
еߵһλǰͣкâ˸ѵؾ׼ԼĲӣͻȻһкâƽһѿĲϡ
ͻı˶ֲ˭뵽Լ֣Ϊ˭Ҳûа飬ǵһʵʵڵˡ
ſ¶һһɲǼ佫ռס
ϧռǽסˣȴȻ磬ûһԥϺڹһʧԭء
һŭ죬Լ޷ܡ侲һ룬ӦñÿķˣȻʶվѲǡ


673 ռ̮


Űֶ˲أ˿ڼеļʥŽ鿰ס
һվڻʹˣѪɫϿգһֱ΢ЦĿ˺±°ߣ°ʵͬǧѵͬʱڸһʹü޷һȲ侲Ҫħ磬֪һжѳصħɣסˣħץ¾ĿӦԼϣڵȣһΪĻᡣ
Զһһǵ˭֪±ץĴģıȴ밲ο˲ҿһ
磬õģħ˺µġܰһʶʱҲֻ״̬̫ܵӰˡ
һı鶯˶ҲѾԼ⣬ֻ侲侲̬ƽлȵºԼĺӡ
ĩպƽħһ֮ɣʵԶʤңѵҪһһ૵˵ܰ
磬Ҫţûʲô˵⣬ĳ־Ϊ硣ܰѾһһ
һһ̾Ҫ
ڴʱѪɫͻȻ棬һѪɫľ޴ͷ­۳Σȴħ
һħĩչȵȺ򡣿Ļ񹦾кβһħ̶쳹磬漴ͷ񽥽䵭ʧ
һƮȻ䣬ħս֮鵹ȫƽħܹʻˡ
Ůǰ鲻һֻеصһء
ĩա˭ҲӲѡһ߻ᡣֺβȥȡأһЦԼǡ»ָǸֹ۳ȵһ
ȥɡҺͽǻкӵϹܿŴӡǰסһشֵ
һḧϹܿضӡо̥о۾ȻЩʪˡΪ˸ԭоԼСһ쳤Ҹ޷
ˡҪġûҪҵһЦתŵ㡣֮һ˳ȥ
ʱһӰٴܳȥ
һӦ׷ӰһͣӰһŮǰ
Ů£кιɣһþŮӶӣһֻǴȥħȻ˵ɣʵ϶ϳضħһնûС
ŮȴǿһΣظ鿪ʼȫȡµοˣԼǰģҪһѣֻڴ˿̣е¶ȥɡ
һףԣȴʲôҲ˵
Ůǰ촽һĴϣʲô˵ʲôˣ˵Ҳ¼ҲãҺ¶櫾͸ˣֻһҪ󡭡Ż
һͷʧߡ
ŮһĻӦһŮһ֮飬˭ֻ֪ûԸȥͱŴֽѡһֱƺŮΪضȻһ̾վûֹ˿óҲóֻʱ˭ȥЩ
ħ硣һһ̤ƬڰءΨһûбŰĵط֮ٶȷħѲ˸ϵ
ħ߸ɭɭ׹Ƕɵ֮ϣħħֻҪһָʾЩħħͻΪκ飬ɱ˵ħչʱħ໥֮仹Щң֮ħ綼ƿ֮¡
һǧ֮л֮ħħԶÿеؾԼҺԺɢһ㣬Ͽһ˿½š
һ񣬹ܺãܺãڼˡħЦ
ڣӦ˵ٴμ˲Ŷԡһһħ˫ļ̲סһܵظоһη塣
ħÿɷ񣬼˵ǴĴˣϵ壬ǴĻ񹦣뿴㵽׵˴񼸳ɹ
һȴûͣĽŲһһ˰׹ɽ֮Уħֻм׵ؾͣ£ٺЦ˼ûӱ˵ϰߣ㲻ɡ
Ǻǣ⡭
ħĩ䣬һĵĻһģֻ߲һӴ쫷紵ʵõħÿѪ֮ħ֮սʹչ
ħһͷѪƮɣӦһ͵ϮЦСӹɣϲ
Ӵһ˻ԵشѪħ޼ʱЩħħҪȻսҲûмܹѡ
һڰתĻศɡûо״̬˺ùħѹǾ޴ģóȫʵħȴȻһɣԻ񹦵Ժʮ˽⡣
䡱һһѪâνһɢƲغȻײһ塣
һǧʼΣֻһԼ壬ֱֱطϮȥ
һһҧһʶƸתڻ񹦵±ƽͶ嫣ǰΧסһһʳͬ
ħûгϮһǵһơѪżһ˿Īζ
ڣһϮڵͬɾ̧ͷħЦħαչزƷҲ
ЩǻġħȻ
һз죬ħɱɱ¾Ѫ֮ûڵħظоȴǴ󳹴سɷˣֱ
ô¾ľûиı䣿һʵ
ﶼܶʼػΪ˸õ͸ɡħһ˵꣬üĿĵȻڸǣЦ
ħһ⻰κﶼ˵ֻǴħ˵ĩԵ̫ˡ
ħЦͣһǱ谭ñȻ㡣
һƼΪߵâħ߸λ
ħ䡣һ˺֣ŻɬƬƺвԾƻӦ𶯣ϵâħΪĺ϶Ϊһ
ħһѪ⣬ЦȻѧ˻ħ䣬ûκôء
һüͷ˶ҷģȫݶŻħ䣬ɱħҲȽס
ֻһ̴òħȴƺʮϤһУȻ㣬һħ֮˻һĻһǴײȻͬһеԣҪʱ䣬ħѪɫӴһе𾪣ƴԵ·硣
һ֧ţ͸ǰƴһ㣬һһðȻ˱ضԱԷ顣ףҪȥˡʱһӰٴ˵սӲ˵ײ֮Уһãǻҷ³
˼̡һСŮշ֮ʧӰˣҲ֪ʱ㵽ȥˡħϮǿȷ࣬Ҳƽ˻
סҪ˺˼档
ÿħ
ãҪɱˡ˼̿ħûаɫʵӣбһƬ
ħһЦȻһѪӳ˲̴˼̵塣
˼̣һĶȻһ𣬴һȥס˼壬šħԼŮ֡
ʱ˼Ҳʹ벻ţѪâӽħ
һԼҲֲ˭ħ
㡭㲻Ҹף㵽˭˼̼ѵʵ
ħЦţش
һ˼ֱ̣۶ᷢû˼̵˿ϣȴͽֻͣؿš
㡭ǡ˭˼Ŭ۾ѵҪ֪𰸡ħ֮ĸŮϵٶӣħʵϡǰħһģһˣͷװŵȴ˵İ
ҾħĸףɱףΪβɱ㣬߽ɱ⡣ħЦɫȴǹ¡
˼̻˵ȴûٿڡ۾Ѫâȥʧȥ
һĿʼһһ˺˼ŮˣʡԼŮԼǰȥ
һ߲âȻ䣬غ¡¡ʼռ俪ʼŤ
ħŨīĺڹ⣬ħ췭ظ
ħһ૵ôܣôܣͻȻ䣬ѹеһӣͣ£ռҪ̮ˡ
һȴǳţıͨ͸ûвһӿڣתΪĻԴԴһ춯ء
ռŤԽԽܶණŤпʼɽӶľг촷ۡ
ħ磬ڲ½ͬ
ĩսˣĩսˡ˾ʼĩյѹ֮£翪ʼҡ
ðΣһͣ¿ԴЩԺͻȻһըǰһƬڰ
ٴ֮ʱֻǰɫһƬңħޣ壬ħ壬½Ҵܣû˼ҲˣħҲǴվڲԶһС
ռˡħ˵һ
Ҳã紮һǾһɡħһЦּѪâ죬ԲһƬ׵ء
һĿһû״紮һˣǱץߵܲܳӳأ
ƺ֪һʲôħȴ㿪ʼʵҸеԾüҲһ׵顣
ħһԱߺڹһͻȻ֡
Ҫʿضӣȡ̥ҵħ֧ţ̥ӦûܴȻĥ㿴ԼĺȥȻ㿴ԼŮܾĥħЦ
ˡȫˡһҧ
Ķʿħ
һֿµغϣһۿĺâһȦΧš
ס֡һ˻е
û˿Ӧһӣһͫ׶ʱʧԭء
ħ޴һƶѪâѹһα롣
ħ֮Աܿ޴ȴȻһͷؿһѪɫǰŶֳѪɫûڣֻʣһֱ¶档
ôԼһסһôᡭħţԼ䡣ҪϵΪ߱һ塣Ҳ׾ٵر㽫Ѫɫڡ
ҲᱳѴ磬ԶᡣеȫصĹͻȻһѷ죬һըһƬ
ħŭһڵѪɫӴɱһ
ڴʱһĨӰƮɶȻһߣŭħȴһ
άһ񾭡һħѲܶԸһħά
ͷųûͷһ͵Ŵһǳά촽ĩƮѴһС
һûκԥʱѱ·
ϱͷ­ʯһʶ䣬ûͷеǳ
ħͻȻһʹĺУԴȫֱѪâһʧԭء
¼ΣһһĻҾ֪һ뺢ӵġһ૵Ҫǰһѣڶһع⣬ԼǾµġ
һµط۱Ŀⶢһƽά㵽˭ô֪˵ħ
Ϊʲô룬Ϊʲôõϱǵͷ­˵ħأά˫նգ̫ڿУҫ֮գħغڰ֮գ½Ļ֮ա
һһǷ˼̵ĻͻȻڶߣ˵ħĸףħ
ϱǣûһľȻ׾ȻţһΪħ
㻹㱿ά
ô֪һʵ
ΪѪҺά˵仰ʱϢɲǵҡ
һþòĹˣĿȫǣʱأ
Ϊʲô𣿡ά
Ҫһһ
άЦɣٸһ£ϱ٣ʶħĩչȵıѪ̶֮УಿӦþ̶ףҵûͷ­ǳôлʧ硣
ά˵꣬һ㽿Цŷ롣һ̣һƺܹоЦصİˡ
ĩչȣѪ̶һĿתһƬɫĹƬ
Բ㡣һǳ鴤һƬһƬЩƬ©һƬ
ʱӶĴûнһ壬ļʹѪҲѪȥˣ˼ȥˣҲȥˣⳡƽ֮Уи˺ȥģֻȥһУҪôͬᣬҪôؽͬڣ޴£ˣʲôµġ


674 ս


ռѣħͨڴطһ̤ħ磬Ҳħ׶ħĴҴܣһЩڽԶҲſռҶ֣֮޲ʬڱҰ뼫Ȼ֮С
һһ·Ѱħĩչȣط߽߳ȴʼûҵĩչڣҲûмڵǣסһ絽һʱʱ˯֮С
СӣʲôطһöԺ
īϣǳˣңħĩչߣһһֱҧؼţһ·Ĳе鵫ȴΪȴֻԲѣеʹ࣬ټϿռˣʼԼǷǾڼ
һĺӰһ߳Σīһǲ԰׶㲵ܸоѹֵľ޴ʹ࣬еľ˵ĳһͱˡ
ȱ𼱣Щӵ׷ʲô飿ī׵С֣ḧ˸һ޽ǣ̶ʱգﾹȻЩ׵ķ˿ˡ
һųѪ˿ӣֱһȦͼסīϣȴīϵ§˸ա
ī΢΢һƵĺȻŨʵſ˫۽һԴ뻳УĦĳ
һһһļʯĺӴʱȴīϵĻȡůʱһˣͲ壬ھ˶֮ҲҪһһ˿ůһظѹֵľ
ãһŻ³һīϵظϽ֮һ׮һ׮ľ¡ӽԨʮʹɽ󣬴ӻ֮շ崴ħռħĵϱǣ临ӵ뾪ճ̶˭ġ
īϴˣþ޷عΪߴʶŲɵĴ۱ȫƷν񲻹һԣߴ񲻹ǵϱͳĿܰˡ
ܡܡīϿһֱššȴܲšʶȫƷʱôܹܡ
ʱԱγʵ˽ĬȻ֪һû˵ѡ޷һ۶ϡ
Ϊʲôôܡѵ
֪ǺѽܡʵҪǰħĩչȡһīϻѻָڲһˡ˸һսλǰһʱỹܽܡֻ֪ܽܶѡ
һϢسĬ֮쿪ڵһϵѳɡֻҪ֪ĩչȵؿռꡣȫûΪеƿռ䡣

ħĩչУȻ죬ޱȡ
Ѫ̶Ѫˮ˹˷ţ̶£һ޴ӰţѪˮ޾ѪɫɷسϿӿȥ
ȻӰѪɫӣٺЦÿ졣
ĩչ֮⣬һ޳Ӱֱվɷ˵ĩչȣĿһȭͷ
ĩչȵһСĿе֪άȥħ̽ؽȷ潫֮һ˴Ե֪ĩչȵ꣬һ֮ƿռ֮һƬߵƽԭղҵħĩչȡ
һħѾˣ뵽벻һʶ𣬾ǵ֪ħǵϱҲνĴ񣬵ǻǳƺħΪħȻʵ
һһֺγ֪һսõϱǵͷ­֮˸ħϵĵϱǣ벻֮ǰЩȫȥ𣬵ѡ
ĩչȰΣһ޷˵̤ĩչ֮С
ѪĩչȣϢĹͻȻðѪâһȴ޶ð㳯н
ͻȻ֦㳯һϮ֯һûκǵĹ
һŲһ٣ֻһ߲ԲȦֻźһЩϮ֦ͨͨը촷ۣĩչеĺâһȻʢ
ȥһ㣬ʼس֦ѿ֮ϳ٣˻ƴ̶Ц쳹ĩչȡ
ৡৡৡйʼƶӰһһתƺ綼Ѿʼת
һһҧƴüļâʼһ֮ںϣγ޵Ļ֮ȻһڵһӻӰг˳ȥ
䡭תȻֹͣΪѿտյƬҶһƼǰӿʮ׸Ѫ˵ıѪ̶
һŵһ㣬ѵ̶ߣɳϱǣɡ
һѪӰ̶г𣬵ϱѪӶһЦȡұźΪó𣿡
ϱǶ˶٣άǸѾͷİɡ
ٺ٣жôˣԼŮվһߣǿЦһ뵱֮񣬽ˣϱǵĹ͡һЦ
ۻ಻Ҳˡϱǵ
ۻҲȲ㣬߱߱ޣ棬ѣ֮ۻ㶼ռˣʲôʸ˵ۻࡣһ̿һȥԹ޽ӡ
û˵û߱ɱޣ棬ҵϱǾˣȻɣǾɡϱǷЦѪâɣϬѪɷ֮һӿ˹
һݳ߲⣬Ѫ֮ΡȻһ֣жһɻ֮ɵĺ񱳾С
նһһ߲Ⱪǣ幭˫־УһȻն
бǳǧ֮ѪĭռɲǼ䱻ʵ֧顣
СӣʵҪңһ㣬ǳҵħ񹦰ɡϱһ洫˹
һĩͷֻռ䱻סǰѳһƬѪɫѪɫ֮Уһž޴ѪȻſɶ
һһתϣγһ߲ʹȦǰ
ħ졣ϱǵͺһѪȻǿңѪҲȻ󣬴ޱ޼ʣƺҪضɣһԵС
ٻޣƺ塣ʱһİֲŮһԺ
ʥӰڰīϣ컹лͬʱе
һûʱԥް޿ޣ޻룬СϻֱӴӺڰԪռųġһ̣ûһٻһڰ椶ˮգۼͨٻ
ҵꡣһһâһüĳһֻ޴ɫѳȺС
īϣ죬棬ţɡʥӰһǰΣе
ͬһʱ䣬īϣ죬棬γһǰ
ĹͷǲҪˡνĸνĴ񣬸һԡǳΪߴ񣬶˵Ƕͬ죬ֻĿܣΪˣΪ֣֮ԭڵϱǣЩʵʵĻ룬ǵȥֹⳡƽٰɡʥӰ
ʥӰ֮壬֮飡ʥӰ˫ֻ֣ӰγɵĳȻȶһɫ֮鴦ݳһš
īīϣ֮壬֮飡ڰī׵֣һһۣһɫָ֮һڡ
졭飡
桭飡
ˮŵȴǶһȻˮӡѾСɵϣӡǻǶڣû֮ӡںһˮϵܴﵽ塣
ҵİˣˡһԲӶӣ걻ʥӰ֮һΪһһٷֿʵֲˡ
ˮţ֮壬֮飡һҧ˻Ϊһһˮӡ֮ϡ
λԷ׷׻ΪԴӡһ϶Ӧ֮ӡ֮ϡ
һֻһĸоӴİͻƵ˵ھŲ㶥壬Ҳôʱޱǿָо뱯˽֯һ̲ס쳤Х

ǣǻһƬ
ʹڣһӶӽţĩոǰѪʿȻһļɣǶһ̫ӵ»ģһжı䡣
Ϲܿ죬˫ֽץŽʹš
̫ҪżеĽŹһŮŵվһԣҲһͬΪϹܿ
ĩǰϦһĵһȴҪˡ
Ժʵŭ̫ϻſż֡
ôû⡭ŭһȦһȦ
˺ˣʲôżҵô׳£⺢ʱ֮ϲｵҲ԰յˡſ

ޣ壡һһзӲ˻ȥ
һ߿֮ӡâţڽڰ˵Ȼڡ
Ǵɣ߸λأ߲ϼⱩ䣬صѪһ֧ʱ֮󱻻÷顣
ϱǴƮڿеһʱһϵںϣĻ塣
ǺǺǡϧϧͬɣħű֮ϱǺǺЦţͻȻһɵʼڻһһɢ֮У翪ʼ𣬻ɽ緢ӿˮʼÿһ䡣
һΧޣһУ˵رʼѿһɲķ϶̮˱˰ϯ½һ˲û˻ȵҽӵر𣬽һڻ
һſ˫ۣ˫Χߴ޿һΪڡ
硭ޡһ
籾ޣԴޣиڡ
һʶûɢʱðһͷóһΣϣԶѡ
ۡۡۡӤǧ԰ٿ׵ǻʹ
ˣˣ̫˸Сӡžϲشе
ʱѪһɫȥزٲٿѣ緢ҽҲƽŰĺˮȥ
ϹܿŷԱߵĶӣƺ˵ŻЦŵĿ֪ΪΣ档
Сʱ򡣡ڴأֲŸСӴƵСĪһᣬҲ档
ŮһʱҲǿѹҲ˵ܾһƺˡ
ŭſӳ˽һŮŸճСΪʲô顣
С쳣ʱŭʵǡ
֪ޡ޵ˡ
ŭͻҲһƣĿһʹ

̫һڲ½֮ʱҴ˶һƵسֽе˹ڵʹ飬еͷָЦ
ʱ۹ﵮϢҲ鿪Ҳ֪ڳﵮһֿ̣ʼȥаո蹦̵£ΪǳĽȥѡ
һձΪɥգÿһ굽ʱҪٹͬʮգⳡ֮ȥǡʳŸΪΪѡ
ֻ˸еѹǣ۹̫ӵȴҲûлָ֮ͨ󣬹̫ӵħǳռԾĴ˵Ŵ½
ǣÿϦ£ڲ½طһЩ˿ʼ˹£˵̫ӵ¡


675 ֻ֮


Խ˺棬ơʹ߸ֻأҲħƽ١
һϮѩļ볤ۣһͷƮİ׷Сôħֻ֮ĺ֮ϣŷĴ󺣣񵭵һֻ͸֮УżȻһ˿˼
ֻ֮ҲǵħĩչȣһϱǾһսͬʱĩչȳһƬ󺣡ֻ֮Сȡ֣ԤԶһʧȥãһ´Ŀ½һµڽ̣Ϊƣֹֻأһգֻֻص硣СˣǽƬȡֻ֮
ʮˣʮˣСһһںÿһʱ״򲻶⺣֮һվһ£۳ӯԲȱ
һҪʧ𣿻ɣ½Ҫ㣬ĸĸҪ㣬СҲҪ㡣Сţۺ˫һĨ΢Ц綼ֹסŲĬ
һԶ˫˿̣ݷ¶櫣ḷ̌ľݼݼŮģ壬ˮգȣ޺ޣϹܿ£Σɯմӱ׳ǻʺάݣʮҵĺӡٺǿþţ뱧źխࡣ
ף׽𣿡һ۵СŮ¡
ġŮͷ϶
ףÿ궼ô˵ģǸÿζûлСŮССһһ˿̵ĶһС죬ϹܿĶСꡣ
ãһģǶصĴӢۣᶪǵġͱԿĩıĸĳݡ
˵û׿ӢۣԺҲҪΪˡһ
˵ĶԻŮһᣬĬĬĺжô㣬Ƕô˼㣬ɡ
һ֮ںܿȥˣһͬǰһȻûг֡ŮӴĵʧһһͷʼߡ
߰ɡŮ̾˵ͷһԶĴ󺣣վӵǻʹĴħ֮ڡ
Ů󺣣վС
˵ħðһ׹⡣
Ȼ䣬ֻ֮һ챬ը˾֮ߣһӰվں˶ˣһͷڷҵط衣
ףǸסӴų˳ȥ
ŮγѵسħŮͬʱ˳ȥ
ϴ󡣡үţͬʱһ˺档
һ¶һ˿ưĻЦĿȴޱ͡
ȥɣ硣һһӰȴʧĶܰ˵ĿҲû˶ʼɣеֻƴ󺣵İ⡣
ȥɣСӡһӰһߣȴһ۵īϣûסӣޱȡ
ʥӰ棬ˮţ죬һмһİӣֳһѪɫԳߴҲԱߣһһŮ˼̣ϱɱСŮ˼̡Ϊʲô⻰˵ͳˣ֮ħйأһҲǵһ̲֪ϱȻռħ壬ħʶûȫʧͷһĴæ
һŵһ㣬˳Ůͺӣһӱû֮֬С
ؼңǻؼҡһһֱһӣϻһЦźȥ
ͻȻһеԶעһͷάޱվԶԱһʮ߰Ĺ
һǹ۾ŲͣͻȻ𰲼һ仰
ץסҵ֣ԶҲҪſ
==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================