
==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================
ի·־
ߣ°


ݼ飺
еõһöʯָɴ˴ͨһĴš
һΣյ磬ħ֣ϡɵظ֣
ΣֳУ߳һԼĳ֮·


001 ᶾ
ոմ߳
⵹йǸոպԼӰ
λʮĴˣһ·ϳһ֧̣ǳ
Ҫ˵㣬СɶһԺӣСѧһͱĸŶˡ
ϵСѧǸĸŵģѧ͸ҲǸĸŵģϴѧѡרҵʱ򣬻Ǹĸš
ѧҵˣҹҲ벻ĸȢ˸ϱǸĸŵס
һУֱһ豦ʲô첻ɡ
֮տʼܹţϾɷʲôǣǸʵˣڿҿҵĸɻ
Ƿ޵ìܷ˺֮
ԴǵŮĿʼ֮Ӻĸ׵ͷ˼ҵĳͻ
Ӻĸ֮䣬Щͷˡ
ķ޹ϵҲԽԽ
󲻵òճĵز
ҪŮĸȨģǱһ䣬ǵǮԼŮ˵Ҳ¶ˡ
ȷʵЩϲ̨档
ȻֻһбҵѧԶء
ʮֵĿʣҲûĹ򣬾ʹһƵԱ˴þ
Ĺļ
ſڵ·ϣ˰Сʱڶ֪ȥʲôط
Ҫ˵ңھõԭڽԺһֱǺ͸ĸһסġ
ĸ߶֪Լ飬ܹԼһһҹ
ϸ룬Լб£һ׷ӣ͸ĸ˫һľ룬Ҳ鲻ֵֵز
Թ̾ʱĵ绰
ֻһǳĳΣιѽ
ʲôط
ſأ˵
Щ쵼Һ̸Ͽسһˡ
λ˵仰Ͼ͹˵绰
һε̬ȿɲôϰµġ
ˣҲû·̾ˣϿسɡ
ȵҴææصεʱλƽͰĳΣӭͷ͸һưˮ
ԭЧ治ãϱҪʼԱͷһܵľϲϣ²µˡ
ټһʵȻͷһֵ
ӳʱĶˡ
ǰ鲻˳ҵҲ군
˵ʵﷳĺܣҲؼ߶ˣֱӴ绰ͼ˵һܵȥƾˡ
׻˵ѣοȻʵǺܶ˿ʵڵķϣԸϾ˲㱳ʹۡ
ǣһڴԺﳤ
Ϊ֣λСûܹЦҲֻʵԸһǽʮ꣬˳˱ֵܻҪõǶ
Ҫ˵ɱǵĺöˣT߳УҲһСгɼʿ
λڿһ׵꣬Χ͵۶Ǵ
ɼλү·жҰ
㵽ԼҸʱҲڶ༸
ȻʵǻӣȥԼֵܵ¡
˰¾ܾˡ
Ϊûǰ㳳˺üΡ
ڵ绰ԼĺøԼȾƣû˵ͷ飬ֱӾǾۻǸС͹ݡ
˼֮Ϳʼƽ
ƽʵ࣬һȵľƣͿƲסԼ͡
һץžƿһ§ԼĸǶʼϲıԹԼĲ˳
ôΪøֱֻȵĲʡ£Ű˳ȻڸľƵ꿪һ䷿ӵϲ뿪
ڶ죬ʱֻͷըˣȫ벻Լ˵ʲô֪ԼôɵƵ괲ϵġ
㿿Ŵ̫ѨԼǲ˵ʲô
ͻȻƵķűˣ˽ﻹһͣ־ϡ
˾ͳԵ㶫ɣƺһƿûһڡ
㲢ûдĲ磬ֻڴͷơ
ߵԱߣż˵ɷ򣬺λޣ˵鳡ʧ⣬ְ⡣˵ϾҪٷˡ
ƵĻһ䣬Ҹո¸ˡ
ôһ䣬İ˵
ԴǱ¶ҪһʲôĹҸɫ֤ڵǿ
֧̣һ¡
ǹûѹᱻˣĻ٣ʱ仹ɣܵĻٰ䷿Ǿ͸ˡ
⻰ûȥ
⹤УҵҲˣֱȥ
ҲЩ˼ǸһЦ
ˣҲЩûõģ£һĵģڼţҵϢ
һ룬Ȼ˵ܲȥǶ㼸죿
Ͼ뷨Ǻ»ؼûͰ轻ѽ
û⣬һ䷿ӿţȥס죬͵ҿˡ
˵һ룬˵Ƕżҽȥλ˼ǰ˵û
ǳһڳȥԼ飬Լؼ֮ӦûЩ߶
ڳԹ緹֮Ͱ쵽Լڽ·һסլ
ͶʵģӲֻʮƽףǸһҡ
װ޵ȴǳãҼҾҲȫ
ƷֱӾͿסȥ
㰲ٺ֮󣬴Ҵҵ뿪ˡ
ɲһڴСҲǸϰ壬ء
ôķ˼졣
ֱһϣһѵʳ˳㡣
һ棬˸߲ҵ˵ҪĹҸҵˣȫһҪ󡣡
ʲôҪ𣿡
װͿǣһβ˵ҪһûѹᱻˣĻ٣ʱ仹ɣַӵĹ𣿡
Щ죬ֻʹʹ죬ѵİ׼Լҹˣ
ҿɸ㣬ҷ˺ô󹦷ұ˺óʱ䣬Ÿ¡
˵бۣҲЩˣѵôõĹ
ʲôλʶ٣
Щԥҧҧ˵˳
ⲻ𣿽иǶı˸ְλ
һ⻰ʱͲˣʲôҳҵʿѽ˲֪֪ҿСҪǵ˵ʿһô죿
żϸ˵
㰲ŰԼ뷨˵һ顣
ԭۣҲнһǧʷǱ˶ĵۡ
ֻҪϾܷ뺣һʽĹ졣
ҪǣǳɣҲûʲôҵѹֻҪǲ۶ӣҲ˴㡣
Ǳһ룬һ·ϴƴñףȥȥٵʿҲǲѡ


002 
˵ƤӶˣﻹЩԥǸϽĳȴ
Ҹ㣬һӵʿߵĵʿǿԽģֻҪǲŴ߰û˹㡣
仰״Ĺǡ
˵ôȥ۵ʿҸҲûʲô
ΨһĲǹЩͬˡ
ڵ۾ѾʼЩðˣʴô
Ȥ̼ҡײƭ
һǧ壬µ׻ɣõĻһǧ
ôߣ׷˹ǣȻ²ʵݼҪǻˣûʱɣ
εĿ˿㣬Ҳ̫ʵˡҪݼǻף˵ȥˡʱۻҪİʮǮĲ÷ء
£׾ͷ˹ǡ
Уôˣʲôʱϰࣿ
ʱԡ
㵱İ壬͹
Ͳĸ˵⵱ʿԼ֪һͨ˿ɲô
֮ɫЩҰС˵ʵһֱڸĸӰС
ûϢЩɸ֡
ˣһҺһһ˼ңҺλ˼˵
̾üЦ
ô˵ˡһȥ˵Ҫ˵ҰѽȶҶãĻһġ
ֵҴҵĳ緹Ȼص˼С
һţĸס
λŮʿӻˣ۾һɫͳֱӰϵˤ˵ϡ
㻹ûѽбԶš
ĸ׷ŭ̾ͱ򣬶ߣһ仰Ҳ˵
б£Ͻǰ˼ҿʼЦ仰˵̾Ͱ˼˵ΪЦ
Ÿ棬˼Ŷ
ȵ磬ĸүӽŶ֮ҲǱӲǱӣ
мϣǳûʧء
ȵ극ŰԼȥʿ飬λ˼˵һ顣
еı粢û
ϸΰĽ֮ϸ룬ȷʵǸ취
˲˽ԼĶӣΪ׵ΰԸ˽һ
˵Ǳˣϸˤ򣬻ٵʿȵĹһӺá
ΪѹһأôɵĶȹˡ
һʱ䣬ʵʵڼҴš
ĸ𷼣Ҳԭȶôˡ
ӺܿҪŹˣڼʱҲˣΪĸ׵𷼣ϸӲʵﻹЩġ
ڼ֮󣬵Լʱ䣬Կų㡣
һڸĸ£뿪˼š
ų㣬뿪һֱȥ
һ·ſһСʱһСɽǰ
Ѿûд·ɽˣֻǽͣͽɽ
һɽһߴֻ⴦СɽȻɽߣȴïܣï
ɽϣӦӲϾ
ɽʵˣȷʵ٣ֲҪء
ȵɽϵʱ򣬲żһģСĵۡ
ƣͽ
ɽǰССڷżƷ
ԭ㻹Ϊڵĵۻǳ壬û뵽֡
ɽǰɽһʿ˸кȻᳵ·Ľȥˡ
ǽ˵۵ǰԺûнǴӴԵһŴ˺Ժ
֮תת۵ķҡ
һ˵ɣӦǷʵôһ¶
˵ʦ֮ſຣ֮Ⱥȫ֮ģ֮죬е֮ʦҲ
ȫ˷һʵںһ֮ߣ˸ˡ
ˣȫɣһĵҵҲơɡ
ǰʱţߺ壬ڲڣ
Ľ˻ػɡ
һţҴ˷ҡ
֮ɲҶֻ̧ͷɿڷڴһۣʵʵվ
ʱҵϣһλʮϵʿ棬ǶЩ
˷Ҳ⣬ֱӾ֮ϣϵʿ˵壬ҵĺ㣬ҸˣɸŸһĲ¡
ϵʿ̧ͷ´һۣȻһ˵ۣʿѾȫˣǰŲˡ
һ⻰Щˣ壬ǰɲô˵ġ
ʲôѽҰѻ˵ꡣ
ϵʿӣ˵ȻŲˣһСۣȴȱһ֡ȥﵱ֡
վ˵ԼֱӾԽͨʿһ̨ףֵĸλ̾üЦ
ȴôúŪģ̳Ҳһʱ䣬֪ûеڱĺ¡
壬ô£ǶԼˣҸʵ
ϵʿ֮ҲֻһĿЦǶһؾ¥ģǸС۵ǰֵǹǲǴˡҲû취ϾôˣֻȰȱ
۵ֲǺܺΪʲôźò²ɣҪһͼݹԱ
һ£ʳеɻ
ˣǵǰҲȥ˹СһЩʩҲǳȫΨһȱǱȽƫƧһҲûȥ͸ˡ
ȻΪʲôɴ಻ˣ
˵ʲôأүﲻۣСȻСȷʵһʦճʱĵطҾٲҲ۸ˡ
Ҳûа취˭ԼһأֻٸȡһЩô
ȥǶ֣ӦøһЩɣ
ȻģȥǶ֣ȻкܶŴ
ϵʿͣһ£ԥʲô˵ɣȥС۵֣Ϊͽ衶̫嶼ûʲôˮֱӸ7000Ǯ
ĵͷվһԵͲ֪ʲô
˵Ǯ飬˵ڹɲһΪʿܹõġ
ڵ֮УڹѾʽΪ˷ʦܹƾԼͬϵ
ϵϵĵɣͿĹͬɵĹϵԶˡ
ϵɺһɵĹϵ˵һɵʦôȻϵʩʱ򣬾Ϳܳɹʴ
ϵһ㲻ʶɣ˼ҿ㡣
ͺ绰һİ˼ң˼һ绰İ룬ֱӾ͸ˡ
ôһڹ֮ھ绰Ը˴绰ˡ
úҲİõʱס
ڹҪڹ֮⼸Ҫǹ춼
֮⣬ҪʱŵİЩ鶼һ飬ʡõʱ˼һʲô֪
Ҳ߸ȵһڹϣȥǸСȥ֮Ժ߻ʵԶû˹ˡ


003 Խ
֮һϣ㴩ոµĵۣŵڣСʿĽ˴
Щʿİڲ£һ׼临ӵĳ
ͲˣĻܶҪ˵ˮˡ
ô˵ɣʽ۵ϷΪʦ
λϷɻȡһţϣ꼡
ŵĵʿ˵Ҳ֪ʲô˼
ʽλϷɻһöͭӡĹӡˡ
㾭ڹʽ֮ҲյĹٶˡ
ʽĹǣ̫ɹ˾ǩ˾¡
յ칬ʽ涨Ʒ١
λϷҲǿϣֱԽ˴ƷƷ
һ֮Լпĺ룬ʹϷɸ֤ļһٶ๫سǶȥ
һ·Ŵ͵ģϵЩԼԱһ½ĵʿʮֹġ
㵽˵ط³ʱǸϰǲǮظ֤Ժϣ꼵Ҫȥ֣еĳ;ͶǮ
ҲǧлͳϰʾԺʲôҪֱȥСۣʱһȫæ
Ǳ˳ϰ壬ת˳С·˴ׯ
㻹ΪһС۾ڴһȦҲûм۵Ӱӡ
ûа취ֻҵ˴ίᣬĴ֧˽
֧˵ǸС۵ģ´һ㡣
Ҫ˵㳤ȷʵʵټһĵۣһ;ðġ
ҪҵСۣѾ˽һˣҪðһЩ
ˣæӻȡһ⣬ʦĽţȻڽ̰ļصݵ֧ǰ
֧飬ʦдĽţйٸļܲá
֧ļһ¶Цݡ
ͽѽ
ǡ
˵ǻԼˡɽǸС۳ļң˵Ҳʶʮˡ
ҲͲҪʲôˣ֧Դɽȥ
֧һ߻һ߸ܴ͵۵
ѽұԭȵʱ󲿷˶죬ԼѣҲֻһˡ
ںߵǸСۣ˵һǧˣ֪٣Ҷô˵
һӦλ֧飬һ߸ɽ
ȵ˰ɽʱǿһСۡ
ȵСǰʱߴһ¡
СȻǲ󣬵ȴƾɣǸոά޹
֧˵طӻȡһԿףС
һߵʱ򣬽ҵԿףˣҲͲȥˡ
֧˵֮ڰ֣㱳ҡҡλεɽȥˡ
Կףȴڴ
һ·ϿǾ벻̣ټɽ۵òᡣ
֧ȫӣͻȻԼ״˻ɡ
·֧鶼ۣԼѵԼ⣿
ҡҡͷԼ˼˦ԴȻԿǰ
ʱ̧ͷǰŵҶֻϱ֡ۡ
򿪹ţһƣ֨ѽһźصľţȻƿ
˵ۣһ
ֻС۵ǰԺҲֻʮƽ׵ӣȴһĴԺС
ڴĺ󷽣ǵ۵Ĵ
ô˵ҲһʿˣһۣȻҪ㡣
е˴⣬ȻԿ״˴š
ڽ̧֮ͷۿйĺĵûʲô
ֱԪʼ鱦̫
һȻǰһЩ̴㡣
㼱æ㣬Ȼ󹧹ط¯֮УȻ򵹿ͷ
һ֮վһιۿϱ߹λɡ
տʼʱ㻹ûʲôԣǿλԭʼԽԽñŤ
ܾʲôطͱĵطԪʼͬ
վڵ£ϸĶԭʼ˺ð죬ǷΡ
ԭԭʼָϾȻһöʯֲָñŤء
ڣһǰεǸеģԸԪʼȥġ
̾һȷʵ壬ȻĻôһεֱƵĺ档
û취ԼժɣȻĻԺҪʦӲʱ򣬷񱻸߰㣬ɲǲǰιɵġ
һӣ̨ǰȻСĵվȥֶ̨ϵλľϹ
λʦԭ£Сðġ
֮վ̨мԭʼǰһŲΡΡ֣Ǹʯָȡ
ȡʯָ֮һٴ׼̨
ȴԼǵۣӵ½һӾͰһ¡
һʧȥƽ⣬ľ̨ˤȥ
ֻһͷˣⱨӦˡ
ԴһӾͿ˹ϣҲˤڵϣ֮²ʡ
ȥʱͷѪŵʯָ
ʯָһӴѪҺ̾ͺţں֮һʹⷺġ
âĽһ˸
һжƽʱ۵ĴѾӰ
ڵĴУֻʦ￴ǰһС
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬Ժ˹
һѹϾ;ϵһĺ⡣
ⲻɵվȻ˽ϵĵۣ۾
ȿԼλãĿɿڴһЩš
ԭѾСˣһҰ
ܲľήĳ̶ȣԼһĺѾ
ǣղŻʢģ·ഩһ㶼ȣһµͷԣ־ÿ־塣
˭ҿЦ
ɤӶıߴ󺰡
ǲ㣿ˣѾˡ
㺰߰˷ӣҲû
εʱԶɽͻȻһҰ޵ŭ
Ͼŵһ£Ұ޿϶Ʋ磬ǸϽ뿪Ҹɡ
뵽Ｑæϵĵۣɽȥ
ãһ·˳磬ȵܵɽµʱɽϵҰҲûгɽ
ȵɽ²ŷ֣ʮ⣬һСׯ
ʮֵľϲȻҲϵƣͣٽСɽȥ
еɽɽ¿СׯԶҪȥСׯžǾôңԶ
˴һСʱڡ
ǵȴˡ
Ƕʲôħ֣ЩũǴ̫Źˡ
ֻЩһŹŴΣͷϵĶŷ١
Щͷԣִ򸽽ɨһ£ҲûӰѽ
ôҲǿԽģǰܿ϶ԼǴԽˡ


004 Ѽϼ
ɽׯſԥ˰죬ڻǾȥ̽̽
֮һԼ·Ȼװĵӣ˴ſڡ
ʱڴſһЩǣİĵʿӽͶ˺Ŀ⡣
㱻Щ죬Ȼǿװ򶨡
ȵߵſڣһô£ͷ塣
Ͻ߹ȥ⼸λɹ˹˵𣬼λɣʲôؽ磿
ʻ⼸̧ͷ´һ£һЩվ㹰˹֡
λǿɽͣҪȥسǰɣ
ҪȥʲôسǣȻװģĵͷ
ɼæָһ·˵˳·ʮܵسǡ
ֱü޷ģּֿʣ»ûеߵسǣѾˡ
ʱһɣȻۻǲ϶Ҳûİ֪ʿѴˡ
Ҳ۶վ㵽һի
ܾɵ룬æĵл
λɱȥ
һ·ѯɵ
ԭλͺֻܴв50꣬
⿿ɽҲ߰ĶıأѾɼңӶˡ
ΪһЩŽпҪˣ︻أҲû
ȵмһ㲻Уţߺӿš
ʲôѽ
СԺű򿪣Ȼһλϸˡ
ں߿һֲλϸ˵͡
ղţλʮ꣬˼һʮ
ӣλϣ꼵׼Щի
ϸ´һ㣬û˵ʲôֻǴӦһȥˡ
ɴݣ£ԸһˮŵԱߡ
Դˮδô·ɤ۶ʼð̶ˮҲһ
һˮǣǾˬһЩһͣվľһ
лɡ
ؿ
ûһϸ˾Ͷ˽һ棬ҲûʲôϣֻһЩϡ
ϸЩ˼ģŵǰ
Ҫ֣ũûʲôдģˡ
֣վȸϸһȻ棬ĳ
ԱߣԵ㣬Ҳ¶΢Ц
棬Եʱ򣬾Ժ˺ͷڲڣ
һϾվȺ˵ڴ˰ȥȥͻء
ҲϽϣһ񣬡¾ȥ졣
ųݡ
ˣҲԣĳ档
ҲǶļˣʮֵ⣬ûжĹһͱȫ
λԼĶӣĳһͬʱԼĺ˸еˡ
ΪҪ̼û뵽ոսСɽһٱ
ʳʱɴһŲˡ
һˣҲϽվ
һȻŸܵλǴ˼ҵĹܼҡܼҡЩæ
Щ顣ΪѾˣλܼԼȥҪְ¡
һֻ֣已̥ô֪ô
ԭܼȻĲȴһİףһǸʲô˴Тġ
ܼҼɽԼҲȥеһ˵ˣҼ˵һС檣ͻȻУȥΪЩľģҲƽת
֮Щ룬ʿû죬µʽֻǴϿûԾЩġ
ܼҼû˵ΪҪʲôôǱ㿪˵һزõæ֮󣬷ϰ
˶Է̰ԭȵĹ˼ȫ׿ˡ
ڿȱǮأһشԽҲ֪ܻܲȥĲܻȥĻһӪĻܿͻᱻ
һʱ䣬˽ڴԽʲôʱˡ
ȻˣƶҲͲˣʲôʱ̣
ھͿߡ
Ȼˣôʩ·
ܼеһŵȳš
ǿɵлŸܼȥ
һ·ϣܼҲԣֻǴͷǰߡ
㱾һߵǼܼҺ˵ӣҲֻǱˡ
ܿ죬ǾһĴԺǰ
ʱԺǰѾǱ׷ǡ
㿴Щ죬Ϊ˽УڹŴһ檣һƫƧСԺ֮Уһη¾ˣԺӶ˰ɫ
ֻܼſںŵļ˴˸к
ֻѾóãмһڹײģڹײǰһ
ڹϷŸֵĹƷƣһֱûֹͣ
ǰһСѾ߹ֽͣ
˴˴ܼҶ㹰˵ʱæҼүҲĴ¡һη£ֻеһˡ
ѾһƬȻװгӡ
ʩģƶŷѾܶˣһнƶɡ
ǵʲôҪģ
׼һʹƷȻ׼һЩԪƬҹƶʩ
ãΪģȥ׼
ͷˣ⹩ףһţϥдʡ
ܼҼģǷĵĵͷ뿪á
ʱдʣʵһ۾ڹ۲ܼң뿪һ
Ҫ˵ոյ˵ʿ죬ʲôģΪ
ǵ̵ġ˾ǿ˼飬Ӹûа취ôһ鶼ˣҲֻװģ춯ţﲻ֪ʲô
˵ܼ뿪ãûȥ׼ʲôзµĶת˺Ժ
ܼҽ˺ãŵһλߣһ
үʿѾˣ˵Ͼз¡
׵ģˡ
λˣ˹ܼҵĻͷȻ̾һϣһرˣȻĻӿûˡ
˵仰ʱ±ߵܼԾĸһιһ顣
˲֪飬ܼҶСƵȴ֪֮ꡣ
ԭλСƣոȥѾȥˣڽλƵͷߡ
Ҫλʵ̫ҡ
⼸լеѾˣӺԺֵĻ̡̻
Ϊλ˲ѣһʿΪƳ꣬ϣܹԩܹЪ


005 
˵ǰ㣬ΪʵԼôԽġ
ʱֻȡһʯָϾ˱Ӧ
ԼĴԽѵǸԭʼϴʯָйأ
һ뵽ѰһԼժʯָ
Դ֮󣬾Ѿʯָˣڻһ飬ҲûмʱָӰ
ʮֵûʯָѵԼҪһӴϤ磿
ľɥʱ򣬲ɵ˫ֽա
ɥ»ָϣ
ԭ㷢֣֪ʲôʱһʯָѾԼָϡ
㷢ָֽûжʧǸϲüֱûа취ˣΪָ»صִϣ
ȻǱִᶾģ뿪ִᣬԶŴ磬ȴԸ⡣
۾һ£гһڲֽͣǮСѾߣûˡ
СĿֵָ
ָֻһöʯָ
ֵöָǰһȴЩޡ
öָʵ壬һӰһ
ֵ龰ɵȥһϾ;òͬԭȻǸʯָȴϵһ壬ԭһʯͷĸо
龰һ㶣ô£һʵĽָôڱɻӰˣ
ϰµģöָ֪ǱĻҲܴ硣
ⱦôãԼǲһξͷˣʮַա
ҲûйЩˣʱȰǮȻĻûлصִᣬ¾Ѿˡ
һֱĲɵװģ
һֱɫڣܼҲ»㵽ߵһɾķ׼Щի
Թִܼ֮ǰߵĴԺ
ֻѾһϱǸʹƷԼֽǮ
ܼҶ˵㿴ʲôȱģ
ĶЩΪʾרҵȻǰװģ㿴˿Ȼܼ˵ȫˡ
ǲ֪ʲôʱ̳
̧ͷ˿ŹѾߵӵʱӦǲˡ
ھͿԿʼߵԼԪڵ룬ȻߵԱ߹񡣡
ܼ֮ЩΪѣҼүĹȣǲǰˣ֪᲻Ӱ취¡
֪᲻Ӱ죿ܹ֮ҧ£Ϊ۵ʱ򣬱ſ˼飬огĸַ¡
󲿷ַ¹̫ӣͼǲסΨһסһһΪ򵥵ĳʽƵ
Ȼʮֵļ򵥣Ǵӽ˵ȴǳĴ
ǰߣƵիⷨƱ˰֮İʹȻ򣬷ִԣӶɽ磬֮ܵࡣ
㻹װʮרҵ˵ûʲô⣬ȻǺãһ̣Ҳûʲô
˵װʮ־ͨ˵ҵķûмͣҲܹ͵˰
ܼĵͷ
ʱ䲻ˣھ׼ɡ
ܼ֮ԴߵôΪɫողڣûʲô£һɫڣ¾Ҫˡ
ܼҵĴߴЩ⣬ҪôżɣŸճ˷ôҲҪʳɡ
ⶼﻰû˵Ͼ˼Ǯʲôʱ£Ҫҵġ
ˣЩ꣬ԼҲܹϢһҹء
Ҳֻǵͷ
ܼһͷϾʵǵôţ
ЩϾһ£аǰ쿴Ǳеٸϰһ㣬ſ˵ߵƷм䣬ȻΧԪԪϰƬƬҴá
ܼһʮֵļ򵥣С˵ķԸϿȥ졣
ܼһ£ĸСһ֡
ֻ˰ӵʱ䣬еʽѾ׼ϡ
ιܼҼ׼׵Ͷ˵ϣ꼵Կʼ˰ɣ
վͷȻߵ˹ߣëʣһŻƱֽдһƪ֡
ŵ˼ظ棬һ걻ȥˣҪúдһ¡
ëд֣ǼʮдŤŤʮֵѿ
ҺԱ߹˶úԶ֪飬ȻĻϾͻᱻ˼ҿ
д֮һ룬ùдֻУΪ˱գִԼĻȡöڹ֮ʦ͸ͭӡ
֮պЩī࣬ݱӡ
һа֮˽գ϶ŵԪȼ
֮ΧȼԪһһתȦ
˵ʵԼʲôֻ֪ǸոӰˡ
ʵ˼һתȦһҪӦľĵġ
ȻǸʿǳû죬Щĸͼǲס
Ҳֻӣڷ¹ܲãΪҲ߼һο
㷨µչԺͻȻһ磬ɷԽԽȻγСǰͣת
ԽԽԺеҶҲ˻ԽԽһŮ
վ߹ۿµܼң龰ͲɵĴһս
ͿˣֻʱЩ
ڳµ㣬ȻҲ紵ЩͲֻ֪ܵΪ硣
ڴ٣һξʮֺ䣬ŸϿⳡ£ûůů͡
ҲתȦˣ»صһľٴ˳С
ֻװģ˼ȻͰڷŵһƬǰеľֱӴȥƬơ
ǹе˼ÿһƬƬڵظоЩ尾ȵƬƬƣôܹܵĿѣֱת
Ǳ£ѰƬƬ֮ʱе粻ûм٣ӵˡ
Ǹ޵ĿѾ÷ǳڳˣ߲ͣؿһ
ʱվԱߵܼѾȷֻɲЩ⡣
ʱܼЩˣسȥһбµĵʿ¡
ܼ̰ͼһص˵һʿ֮󣬾͹ȥơ
һ㣬ֻȻ·Щ࣬ϵĵȴϺõĲϡ
ټһʵ࣬˿žðģҧȥⳡ¡
ڿʿҲǹͷ
ǧҪѽĻûг飬ø׺ݣԼЩ˿¾ûˡ
˿ĵطһŮͷɢͣ
Ůһһеȥ
ֻոսӽϵˣĻУһųȦ⡣
ŮͲܿ


006 
ڳЩˣͲ֪Ůв
Ů޷ӽ㣬Ŀ׼ΧۿЩҶ
ǰ죬ŮȻЩͣǶǿ׳ѪյЩҶǽ
ǽ첻ŮͷߣҲǿʱ
ŮǰһˣһҶͱ˸
Ҷ֪ô£;һžһ赹ڵء
Ҷһ赹̾Ͱ˾ľս
رǸܼңһԵļҶ赹ˣԱ˼¡
ΧҲһɢԶԶġ
ʱڳиո귨ƬƬȫõ㣬׼Ͼ̯ˡ
ԱиҶ赹һԶ
Щп˭˵ڹŴ紾ˣⲻԼͬµ˼εڵأԱߵЩ˶ԶԶģ±ճ
ʱԶܼң㺰ˣǸʿ㵹ваҪǲǾˡ
Щƣ·ʲôвеģǺŪ˵ġ
ѵԼʽʲô©ܼҿˣ
ôһ룬ԼḶ́ͻȻһԴ
˵ǸܼôôԭԼһҪǾôˣ˿ᡣ
Ͻ»صǰдõıġ
ȻװģдʣѱһԵϵȼеľͻȻǰһ̣ýĴм䡣
ľԺ￪ʼװŪֱűոɾ
ڳЩˣڶ已̥ǸͿűվ֮󣬲ûбɻҽһŽӱ˳
ڰ֮ͣһ£γһŽ顣
½һöӡ£űĺ⡣
ɫ֣֮ͻȻǴһͨһɫγɡ
ɫһʧ֮ͨС
֪һе㣬ΪķѾˡ
ǰľ˹ϣתǸܼ˵ܼңҵķˣ㿴ô죿
˼˵ҵĻˣϽǮɡ
ܼվԶԶģŻ˼ҪǮ㣬һ
ʿտʼʱİƱ˵û⣬һ룬µһҶͱϡ
ҪǮôôѽ
ܼǶ׼һٵʱڳϷ˱仯
ԭǺڶȻƮ˶ḷ́ɢԳֵӰ
ӰԺһԺжЩ已̥ӰЩɻ
Ҫ֪ղŵǵ£ֱӵݵ˳үǰµӦõλͣôǰĶЩͨˡ
ɻʱǹܼһֱվûжΪԷ븶Ǯ
ôУԼزòףη׬ǮҪöԷˣԼԺô
ҲˣֱӾǹܼȥ
·ǸļҶʱѾ긽ļҶȻ¸յļ
ԭǱ㻳Ƿųĺɨ˹Щȡ
˲˽ǺڶǰӰȴһп
Ӱ࿴˿Ȼͷ㹰֣Ҳ˵һӰһ䣬һɫзɳֱһҶ
ʵ飬ʵһǲһ
ǼҶǰʱһˣͽҶ˸ʵǺӰһ־ʹӼҶһצĹӰ
ⱻĹӰʮֵĲģȻĽʵȻڲͣͬʱϵĺԹԽԽء
ǸӰ龰ҲŭˣŮȵϣеҸ˸ͨʵʵǰȥүǰٸҺ֣ʮ˲ó
Ҳ֪ôˣŮһţǶסһȻ
ǺӰһǻһŮصԡ
Ӱٴķһ񣬱û˺ڶ֮С
ǺɫҲʧһûзһ
ʱקǸܼҪǮء
ǿ˵ˣ㲻˵˷£ͷͲ˰ɣ
ʲô°ͲãҿǸƭƭȵļٵʿ
⻰Щ飬Ȼִж뺣ǵŴûжһ׶Ҫ˵Ǹٵʿ
ϵġ
˵ʲôأҿǹٸ֤ʿж뺵ģҪǮǾ͵ٸһˡ
ʱǸԵļҶԺѹ
һֻԼƽĻǣԶԶģԼһ˵ء
ô£ǸôԶ
ԶһۣˣȻǰֻԶԶʵϺŮ
ǼҶҪҡҡڰڵվ⻰Щŭˡ
˵ʲôأ˭ŮȫҶŮ
ǸۼҶԭȵһŷһЩŲҶԣһ֣ȵģſ϶ҶѾûˡ
Զִܼң龰Ҳ㳳ˣ˦Ҷǰ
Сû°ɣ
ܼңûѽղŵôˣ
ܼҲûйֻͣſȰˣû¾ͺãղͻȻεˡǰȥЪһЪԺ˵
ܼҶʹ˸ɫЩֻӲͷƤλҶ뿪ǰԺ
ܼһȷˣʿȷʵЩ¡
տʼʱԺǹС
м䣬һǿ׳ѪյļͥԻˡ
ⷨһ꣬һжƽˡ
ԭȻһɹɹε磬ѾӰ١
ʱʱĹХҲûӰˡ
ʿû£Ƿʦû귨£ⲻһ꣬һжƽˡ
ˣһܼҲЦ
ϣ꼵ղҼʶ̣Ǯû˵ٸӶܹ
Է˴ҴӦٸӣϾͰѸղŵĲ׵˾⡣
һİ磬ʮֵȱȫУھǾƽЩ
ܼҼѾæڳһСˣ͵һͷϢٴ׼ҹ
ȵܼ֮Ҳųһ
⼸ɰֵüլ
ܼ̾˿Ȼүȥˡ
ʱˣȻûϢŹܼء
ܼһ˱㼱͵ʵô
үʿЩ£ԺѾĿˡ
仰һֱıģƽ
ˣŲѽȻ顣
վԵܼңҲ֪ô𻰡
ʵҲЩΪһʵǲҡ
Լ˵ķ룬ʵҲ飬ϾЩġ


007 
˵λĵ˵ϲԴӰȢ֮λͶ˵ĳҡ
˱ϾѾʹˣ˸տʼǵǶʱ仹Ŭš֮ӣȻȻʮֳ谮ȴҹˡ
һͳ¶֪ôģλﾹȻС
Ͼ;Լͷֶ
Ҳܹ̣Ƕͷϴʲôñӵ⣬ǹϲ̡
ˣһŭ֮£ͽｻԼ˴á
Ҫ˵ˣһ˺üˡˡ
Ҳ֪ڰٰ㶾֮£ȻȻµ˭еģ
λ˵ˣȻ㲻˵ҾԶҲ˵
Ȼλˣ߽춼סˣȻϹ۾
ٰĥ֮£һ
Ϊ¾͹ȥˣϾһ檣Ҳˣһˡ
ĵڶ죬լͿʼֹ
رǴ󷿵ˣÿ϶һŮĴⲻͣĿ
Ҳ֪ôˣһĹλ˾Щ񾭴ңһżҪɱ
Σֻǰ˰ͻңʱһܡ
Ůȴ׼ôŹһˣҲˣÿҹһ߿һլҴܣլӵ¶ֵǼȮ
ܼҳ˸⣬Ǹᡣʿ֣ڼŻˡ
˲ǰЩ¡
˵Щ˵˵㣬һڿͷдţõӣô
ԽԽ˷ա
ΪղѾСǴˣȻǹŴǷӵļǮȻ͡
ӣҪһȥķӣµ÷ʵ֡
ҪһЩأǸݳޣһĶشﵽʮ
ǵǮҲĶء
ԽԽɵԼϵǸʯָȥһһȻϲ
ԭǸ޵ʯָںʵһЩѾԭȣһǻӰ
ҲǾС˵ˣС˵еһʯָһԿףӦʯָȫʵ֮󣬿¾벻ı仯
ʯָԺǻصִԿףĽָܹ
˾һи׷ոշ£;һⲻͣϮ
Ҳûɱˣ˼ҹֱڴϾ˯ˡ
ڶ죬֮ϴѱϣȻֳһС͹緹ӵĳȥܼҪǮ
ոճţͿܼҴҴҵ߹ˡ
ˡҹϢĻðɣ
ʩĸƶϢúܺá
ͺãͺá
ܼ˵仰֮ܿ˿ûŴյԡ
ȻӻȡӣС
һӵо;һӲûס
۽ǵһɨһͲСܼҴӦԼӦöࡣ
ܼô£ҿ޹»ѽ
㻰ô˵ȴץýģܼҪջȥĺ˼
үǿرЩܹʮպá
ô˼أ
˵ô˵ѾߵߵӣԼߵļвС
ҼүĹȣѾᣬϺ֪࣬ǵķ£Ҫһ֪ܷ͹⡣
һʲôԵģ˶ԷôǮҪһԼܲ
ܼǰߴ·ȥݼ
ãϣ꼵ߡ
ܼҾǰߴ·ں߸Ž˺լȻмλһֱû¶ˡ
̧ͷۿֻλ߳ǴüĿ˼˾;׽
һվӭ˼
ʧ񣬻ˡ
ˣƶûзϡ
лˣ
˷ֱȻѾ衣
˴ʱ˲ʵ·˴Ͷ׿ѡ
㱻ʵЩ˼ˣڳܼҸĶʮӣ˵޷ġ
ǸʵڶԷʣҲʵش𣬡Цˣ˵ʵƶ޴ȥ
һô˵Ͼ¶ϲɫ
ʵûеطȥĻǴ尲
ô˼
ʲô˼ģܹһҪллء
˼ֵı飬ϴЦ˵Ҳ֪ǴԭҲһǰһʱǸףͻȻȥˣû֣Ը£ʱ֣֪Ρ
˵⻰˵˯һͷ
ûеطأԷ͸֮ϵڱ
ϽվˣľһȻ˵лԺʲô¶ܲǲ
ɽĳŵϵЦݸӲˡ
ܼҡ
ôһлߺŵܼҸϽƨƨߵ˽
үʲôԸ
ȥʰʰѼҳõĶ͹ȥһЩЩ߲˵Ҫס
ǣүСȥɡ
ܼҴӦһ˳ȥ
˾̸˵ء
Ҳᣬò˴һЩ
һ֪磬Ϥʷκһ
ǴܳǺǸŮʵûаϵ
ĹǡǮѾٶ꣬ӻȻһЩңǴϻ̫ƽ
ĵطǺϵĿ⸽
λ˵Ҳ򵥣ֻһµĴȴϷ֪ݡ
ϾǱصҲҪ֣гһϴˡ
˽⵽֮ҲΪԼеԾ
Լã£ûʱȥسҷʦ
Լ˵ǰĵطˣܳ뱥Ѿˡ
˺̸˴ŰʱܼҾʹҴҵĽػ
үѾʰˡ
ˣϽһԵ˵Ҿʹȥɻסˡ
ĸһ˴ȥˡ
һҲûƴǣֱӾܼҷԸɸɿʵģǰȥӽԺÿµǮǶ
Ըܼңתͷ˵˵طʲôĵطֻʰҪǶʲô˻ŶһΪá
վĵҡ
ܼܿҾʹһʵ˽ˡ
һ˵л͸ˡ


008 Ѿ
԰ͳ⣬»صݣȵм䡣
ԱߵܼңϽһ裬ȻվԱһֹģ
˺Ų裬ܼǸŤֱӾͿڵʲô˵ɣﲻܰɣ
ܼ֮󣬺Щ˼
ҲܼҺ˵ķˡǸݣ˵ĻҲûӡ
үףһ²Ųôʿôӣ
ûʶǰǸģȻ˵թͦףƨûУɲͬ
˵ʱҲĺ¡
⼸֪ˣһǸˡ
ǺգҪʿȫ˵Ҳûˡ
бµĵõˣΪģƽһ涼ף˵ǰ¶ˡ
λϣ꼵ɵģûʲô棬ӦǸոɽ
˲ǸӦ磬ȻĻ棬¶ԼЩ˾Ͳˡ
Щ֮󣬶һԵܼ˵ӽԺǸҪʲôֱӴӿȡҡ
ǣүķԸҼסˡ
˵˳˵լӣֱǴ
ڰ·ˣԼһٷ㻹ȥ˼䡣
֪㱻¿֮Ҳʮֵĸˡ
ҵͱʾȹһ㰲֮ʹż˵ȥ㡣
Ǳ˼ٲľ룬͵
Ҫ˵ǲȻֻǸһĺԺռػӴ
Ҫǣ㿴Ӧþģûгļ
һ
ղ·ϣϷƵʵһֱĥ溦ߡ
ֻǿһ߷빩һüĿع
±ߵĹϣڷŸʽʹƷ
㿴Щ֡Ǻˡ
˵Ĵ£һȦǽ
֮һ
վԺ￴˿һ¶ЦݣԼİ磬һŵˡ
ԺɵЦһǷӦԼӦð¶ˡ
㣬ȼ֮󹧹ط¯֮УȻ˵عһͷ
ԼȺ˼Ҵк
͵˶᷿ѡԼԺҡ
Ĵ̱켸µģղܼңûзүƷȫˡ
һʮƽҲǴҶ֪ոսһЩҪ죬Բû㡣
ڵڶ죬½дǰԸ
ʱĹ͵ˣվڹӣȻ˵伪ô˰ġ
˿ʱԼ緹ô
ȻмʮӣҲÿ¸߲Ҳȱ
ִһֱǷſڵЩʳİǰҲѽ
ϵʱһ٣ٲԷǿ͵öðǡ
ʱԼҲ㡣
ֻŸеļվڴڣȵϡ
㲢ûЩһ뿪ˣ¿ʼྡ
ѽԺǲǾǴﳣסˣ
ʩˣʱûŵĵطҿҲиӪ˯ĵط
ͷȻ˵ûԷɣ
һ죬Ȼʵ˵˵Ϊ׼̫ͣûѧһپˡ
ôУҪ֪Ǹ֣һٲԶûţһУҿһչչ
˼˼ǣ
㿴һŮڿ죬Ҳһ֣ŮӣֻҪܶٷС
ʮֵĸˣַӦԼڹŴŮ֮£ʮϡ
СԼӣԼйŮһʱ䳤ˣа
Ͻѣ˼ɲʣȻǸʿҲǸˣһСһԺ˵ȥ˵
ܾҲֻ̾һȻ˵ŮӲɹ˵ڼԼ˿зǰ͵˴
֮ЩЦŴҲ̫ˣһŵĻ⡣
СҪ水ʲôɹ˵Ļ͵һӾˡ
죬Ƕôܷɹõĺ
ĻȴȻͷҡ˹һ
ǲ֪ɹǸбµģ˵Ļһ׼ġ
һ٣Ȼ̾˿˵ҪǲҼҶѾֻܰ͵ɹȥˡ
ޣʱͻȻǰ
ҼҶѾɣڱǻʱҪ͵ɹͲˡ
ʱҲ۹⣬㡣
ֵʵûа취ֻǵͷ˵ȻǾöѾʱס᷿ȥɣԺͨˣʱ԰ȥ
һѾӦˣ̴ϲŻ˵ȥѾ
ҲЦҴҵ뿪ˡ
ûһĹޱһʮС
ǰһСĺ󱳣Ѿͷ
СĿһ£ȻŰĸ˼ڵأĸͷ
ϽǰС𣬵ʱйС
ֻλѾһŲĴֲ·ȴϴʮָɾһһɾŮ
ѾòҲһԭѾһͨũѾͷʮ㣬֪ģΪǳСұء
ϴۣĿ㡣
̾һСԼŮҲ˼ִ꣬ѧУ黶ֵͣŴȴҪ뿪ˣһ˹
ѾԴȻ˵Ժס°ɣҲǼ·ˣʱȥס졣
СѾͷİο۾ȻʲôӵĿһۣȻǵʵĿ𣿡
ȻԣͰڶңʱס
ĳŵСѾͷ¶һ˿ЦݣȻֿԱԼ̣ѯʿɲ
ѾǿԼҵģһۼû˵ʲôЦŶԶѾ˵Ȼô˵ǾûʲôĻסҲûʲô
СѾͷ̵ĳŵϵЦݸӵĲá


009 
˶Ѿ䣬Ҵҵ뿪ˡ
ԺֻʣͶѾˡ
û˶ѾǾЩнվԱߣ֪øʲô
ҲЩΣ˸ɻա
Ѿ᲻
ǶѾ͵͵ĿһۣȻĵͷ
ǺãԺǵһ;Ͷ㸺ˡ
ġ
Уȥһ
˵֮ŶѾĳ
˳ְ֮Լ߲˵λָѾ
ѾһǸڿģλøָ֮̾Ϳʼ
㿴ĵͷȻͻԼȥˡ
ûаʱѾͳķſڡ
ˡ
ˣæֻԺеʯѾڷź˷ˡ
һζͣ굽ıУøиӵļˡ
ʯǰͰѷԼǡ
ȳڣŷֶѾվԱߣûкһԷ
ѾϽ룬ϿԷ
ٳҲС
еʯϣ̧ͷŶѾȻ˵ȻҪҵĹءԷҪһģϿȥԷ
ǶѾĻһֻܾСãɿȥ
ȵʱѾһִɴ롣
Ǵִɴȴһ׷ϱߵĲѾѵðͷˡ
㿴ֱ飬Լ׵ˡ
ˣǳԷɡ
һ£ѾԱߣʼǷ
극֮ȻɶѾʰꡣ
ڴع㣬ȻûһԼЪȥˡ
дʱԽԽʹҲϤ
ҲԽԽã춼㡣
ֻƶ˼ҲˣֻҪǼ΢Щģ֮ҪϹƷ
ЩƷһֻǷһ죬ڶͻᱻͶѾĶӡ
ʱֹȥ죬еǸʯָҲԽԽ
ڽ糿ʱ򣬼ѾʵĽָûʲôˡ
ʱѾоһͨ򿪣ֻҪһ̾뿪硣
鰲һ£Ȼϵʱִȥ
ϳԹ֮󣬾͸߶ѾԼҪչ죬û²Ҫš
ȻԼУ֮еʯָϡ
һעеʯָϣ;ǰȻʣȻ񿴵һɫͨ
ɫͨһӴ㻹ûзӦѾͨȥ
ȵһ۵ʱȴ»ص˵۵Ĵ
ԼˣǴϲžһľ
ԼһѾˣִᱻΪʧ˿ڰɣ
ҪԼĸĸҪϵ
Ҳ˲ˣɿĳ˴ĴѰԼ
һǷȻúõڴſڷš
Щƣѵ춼û𣿿侲
ǻǺãʡü︸ĸġ
ԵķһģȻߵǰȡԼֻ׼˴绰ƽ
ոմֻֻûˡ
Ͻһ䣬óֻϵ硣
֮ԱߣֲɵľǸʯָ
һԭʱָûָõ״Ȼʮֵʵ
ͬʱĸо֮УȻܹͨʯָоһ磬ֻҪһܹٴλȥ
Щͷԡ
ЩС£ǸϿȸĸƽ
ܿ죬ֻһο̴ֻдһѵġ
һ⼸߰˸绰ûлأġ
һЩģֻҪǸĸûз֣Ķ˵
ΪԷһ̾Ͳͨ˸ĸĵ绰绰ܿͱͨˡ
ιڵôû¶ɣ
绰дϰֵ
˵ģôܣ
û¾ͺãúøɣȡ
ߺߣһϢѾǹˡ
ΰЩ죬Ӳŵĵʿ죬ôͳˣ
ô³Сӣ㲻Ǹʲôаɣ
ôܣ۵ĹΪҹ㣬ǲɶõţϸΪͽȻһۡ
ҲǱϲǣɲԼ䵽ƫԶС۵飬͸˵
绰ΰĻһ
绰ͱĸȥ
һ˶ŵ绰˰СʱŽ
ָ֮һ绰⼸ֻˣ޺ãŰ⼸ʧٵŪȥ
Щ֮ԼԼںԺһǲķ䣬Է
ֿ֮ʼĴҴܡ
ϾԺԼִˣҪú˽˽⡣
һʮֵʧڵʩһء
˼ǸȻ˵ģСһЩһӦƷ׼ȫ
ۣϿΰʲôûС
䷿ӿտҲ
ر㵽˿üκʳ߲˶ûС
ô
̾һſյĵۣţԺҪЩˡ
ܿ죬ڵ۵һƫƧСУһӵĵ顣
㵱ʱȥʱ̾͵һĻҳѾܾû˽ˡ
ҲǣִĵʿԴѾٰѹõЩˡ
㱾ҲЩϣ룬ԼôҲһʿҲӦ˽һЩ
뵽㲻ɵԼһ磬Ǹʱ龰
ǳ¿˵ٳֻҪһ΢˽ĵʿԱ߾Ц
Щ졣
㻹ǾһԼĲ㡣
ѵзǷ˼ߴϵĵ顣
Ȼ⼸飬˸߲ҵĻԼķйĦȥˡ
ϣԽʧҲԽ
㱾ŴЩѧЩװŪı£ԺҲúŪЩǰͽǡ
ЩǳѶҪȫԹдɡ
Щ㻹ܹǿµóǰЩһ;Щצ
ǳʧ
˵дҲдǲͷ¶βģʲô㵹˵ôѽ˭֪ʲô
еķмҪ䣬ʲô̫䣬ʲôģ㵹˵ѽ
ЩûָģֻóǱڹʱʦ͸ġ˾ôⱾ鿴ˣҲܳȥ˳ˡ
Էпһ顣
ȵϣڴ֮иʦ㣬ǰһ¾
ǽˡ
ǷǳģСֻһˣҲͰʡԵĶʡˡ
ȴǳķգΪû˸ˡ
ԭڼҵʱȻĸ׺ǰ
ȵԽ֮һѾҲԡ
صִˣȴԲϷˣ˭˵ȥ


010 ӤϮ
ûа취ֻǴԼó˼ģˮϵˡ
ҲҿڴԽִǰǸѾĻڿ¶Ļðǡ
ʹҹҲѹһء
ȵ˵ڶҲܲˣȸʦ㣬Ȼ͹ؽţҴҵĵɽȥˡ
ǸС۵ɽµǸұһ·϶ɽ··ҲԶɽѾ˰Сʱ
һҲûģֱӾڴСʳһ
ƽֻʳƷȴ޾ζ
ȵԱ֮ĶӣǶһҲ붯ˡ
С̯ϰ㴩ŵ۵ӣʵǲɽСۣĵʿ
㼱æһףȻ˵λɩСɽϵĵʿ
ϰ֮´һ㣬Ȼʵ㵽ڵס˶೤ʱ䣿ûз쳣
ľһ㶣⻰ô˵ģʲô쳣
ɩ˵ʲô˼
ϰڷҲûˣŵԱߣȻص˵㲻֪Сֹ
Ĳš
˵ûййöĵӣʦǰ¶࣬ǲԼ
ϰ㲻ţæ˵Сʿšǰһʱ䣬ԭȵǸʿҹĴӵ˵й֮ǵˡ
ЩĥζˣԭһǵʿΪСۼįҪ뿪ģֲΪСֹԲܵġ
˵ˣɲй
ɩҪҥҥǬй
˵⸶Ǯҡҡͷ뿪ˡ
С̯ϰ˵ʮ򶨣ҿҲҲЩɡ
˵ڴСתһȦЩ֮ĶſŶ»صɽϵĵС
һСУĵĶȹһ졣
ļ죬ÿ춼µĶȹ
Щܲļįˡ
Ҫ⼸ǹ淽ˣԵ㶼Щˡ
ȥһ翴ƣʡԼˡ
˵㽫С۵ŹؽȻʯָϾʧִᡣ
ȵһ۾ʱ򣬷ٴλصС
ɫţҲ֪⼸ûʲô¶
컹ţҲû취˯һǵʱˡ
İõڴϸϱӣ׼˯һΡ
ոɵûж೤ʱ䣬ֽ֨֨֨죬һԶһ
㱾ⶫûˣͣĿŴ
㱻ֵķңһӴվڣ͵һ¾ͰѴ򿪣Ҫʲô
һ򿪴úʹǸĿԡ
㿴ʲô֮̾ǱסһŵŲŲ
ԭſڴϲͣٴĲʲôӣһͰͲκѪɫɫ԰ףǻȮӤ
ⶫһͲˣĻ˭ҵӤ᳤ݣһҪ˸ſ˼ҵĴ̨ϡ
Ӥ֮󣬾Ȼʼǰȥ
ǷӦĿʼͣ
ûм˵ԼĴߣҲû·ˡ
ǸӤ˼͵ĽűߣȻ˲԰׵СץסĽŲӡ
Ͼ;һ⣬һֱӽ쵽ͷ
ɢ嶼ʼ
ǸӤȻޱš
ۿӤҪؿڣʱҲӦļһȻһ־ͰӤ˦˳ȥ
Ӥûһ˦ǽϣȴ׵ľͷ˻һ˫ϥϡ
һŵòˣڴһץץסһӲĶȻ󲻹͵ľӤͷȥ
ֻһź⣬ֱӾӤͷϡ
ӤһĲҽУȻɿ˳ԷȻʧˡ
Ȼŵûȹ˺óһʱ䣬Ż
һڴϴŴţʲôѽҪҵ
ͻȻһСǹɣ
ԽԽöԣһǹĻôӰȥ٣
˿ɵǣԼղôĶǼҶģԱסŵĶѾȻûзӦ
ǹʩķ
ڿ֪ˣйĲȫؼңҲˡ
뵽ؼ̾еʯָȥһʧ
ԭһλָãһʱָܻܵͷò
ղ˸ҵǹһ£ǹ̾ߣѵǶбаã
뵽̿ʼ㼸ֻ򣬿ʼҸղӳȥĶ
һǽҵһ첼
һⶫﶼװʲôˡ
ԭⲻԵģִʱڹʱʦöͭӡ
öͭӡϵ̵ڹ֮ӵеĹְ
ҲǸʲô̫ɹ˾ǩ˾¡
ĦеöͭӡЩ˼飬ѵöͭӡܣ
ⲻѽһŶҲЩûͭӡǸո͵ģոµĶ
öͭӡ￪ʼͣתҳʲôԭͭӡܡ
˼ȥֻһֿܣǾִڹġ
ִֻĳԭѾĩʱûκε֡
ԼԽµ磬ӦйģڹʹõöͭӡҲչֳ
ĻôǲԼɽҲһɹˡ
뵽㲻¶΢ЦղŵĿ־ҲЩˡ
ղԼȷģôԴƣִ౻ΪǼٻĵǲܹʹã
رھ˳ɾɣεҲͽ𵤣ɾԪӤ
뵽ĿʼûҲղǸͻĹӤա
ΪҪȷִһа飬Ӥ޻ء
ԽԽ˷ܣں޲ʯָܹʹãصִҼõ飬ϾͿʼȻɾɣ
ܿѹЩûʲôõģĿǰҪľǶɹѹء
ͬʱҲӤΪʲôϮԼ
ϾԼոմԽ缸Ĺ򣬻ûʲôˣӦûʲôҡ
ȥʵûͷҲֻܷ¹ϴڴϣȴöͭӡεı˻УֻҪⶫܰƵġ


011 ɹ
Ϊ飬շת಻ߵʱ
뿿ɽͶʮصĸڴ䣬ȴһɭСԺðŵ⡣
Ժһķһɫݵţﲻͣŷ䡣
ͻȻĴһ紵žһ̹⣬ŵǰ
ſ̹һۣһ
ԭ̹ŵһ壬԰׵Ӥ
Ӥϵ̹֣һɺͣشӤð
˲֪ſ֪ӤӦش
Ҳ˲ˣæӤڻУȻá
һǳԵ裬ϱ߹Ǻ̡
ŽӤķǰ֮͹ڵдʡһִԱȡһ̳
򿪴̳֮߾ȻһɵӤʬ塣
ǰȥȡ˹ӤȻ̳һףǹӤϾûʬ֮С
ʱ½̳غãһηǰٴдʡ
һͻȻͦıֱ۾㿪ʼգã֮С
ͻȻһʮֱŤʼ˵
ô£ʱ
ɣӤ⣬챻ˡ
ԱԿ仰ȻͬǴ˿дһ
ӤȻոɣȴǣʱдͣʲôܽˣ
شɣɽһʿ£ȻƣŽϸɫû뵽ǵʿЩֶΣȻӤˡ
˵ʲôţСĽҪ޵֮ˣ㾹Ȼûȥ
ɣʮˣҳһɼңûм޵֮ˣЩˡ
סѵͺˣǸʿȻ˹ӤЩͣ㲻Ҫȥˣȹһʱ䣬ҳ֮ٹȥ̽̽ʵ
ǣ֮
仰˵֮ͻȻԴʹһ۾
ʱȴðһĺ⡣
һʿǻԼĴ£ѵôķŹˣ
ŷһݣε̾˿ѾˣԼж˴ɣûԼĺá
»ȷ£ȵԼǸŮ޴֮˵ɡ
ڶ糿ʰһϵ·뿪˴ׯʮĿɽͶȥ
ڵһ·ͣ˸к
ɹóȥѽ
ȥڵĴǶһףҹȥһ
鷳ɹˣǰ˱ĸ
ô˵һʤ߼޵ܼ֮ܲȰɣ
ɹơ
ɹֺͱ˴˼кų˴ӣɽȥ
ɽнʮ·ɹҲСˣߵɽ͵ʱѾ˺ʱˣֻ۵ᱳֱ
ɹֱ𱳣ԼȻ̾һӹĲˡ
뵽ʱɹÿɽ͵ķ۾иС
ڴϢһ£Ȼǵȥ
ɹһڣͱһȺ˸Χסˡ
Կóλɹʮֵܻӭ
ɣʱûǴ
ʱ£Ѳ
ɹһ߷ЩŮһȥ
ЩŮǿɹĲɣҲٴæԼȥˡ
ɹðЩ帾һξ룬ڴмһԺǰͣ
ɹҪţԺо߳һʮĸŮ
帾һɹã̾Ц档
ɹˣϿ
帾һ߰ɹãһԺкţɹˡ
һ̾;еˡ
˭ˣ
ɹá
仰ո˵꣬о߳ޡ
ϸһɹã̽߼ǰסɹõ֡
ɹãˣһ׼ȥء
˵žͰɹ뵽
϶ҵģţϿɹôˮ
ǣ֪ˡ
ʮĸŵķԸ̾ܳȥɹˮȥˡ
ȵϱ뿪ˣɹŶ˵ƴǰʱǼ˵飬ǿˡ
ջƣҶƴ
ˡ
˾ͺãѾҲǸģҪǲߣ»һӵù
˭˵أ⼸ѾڼңҲü˳ࡣ
ɹһ㶣ʲô˼Ѿڼ𣿡
ѽⲻɹ˵𣿶ѾҪ͵˵ߣȻһҵ𣿡
ɹһϼľվѾѶѾˣ͵ʲôطȥˣ
ƴ￴ɹɫԣ֪Լʲôط¡
Ǵﲻ˸бµĵʿҺҼͷһ£͵á
ȹ˻ƴĻɫӵĲÿѵƴ
ʱٴα򿪣Ǳ˽
ɹˣڴ˵ˣϿ͸ϻˡ
ʱɹü˽ˣҲֻʱѹ»ϡ
ƽϢһеŭȻ˵Һ˵Ǹʿ޵ˡһǸҡײƭģⲻҶѾ£ϼӻ
Ͻǰ͵֪֪һеǸʿǸдµģǰѶѾ͹ȥӦûʲô⡣
ô֪б£ѵûб£дϣ
ɹʵЩ㶣֪ɹ÷ʲô
ǽ͵ɹǲ֪ǰ˼ֹλʦܷ׻ѳ顣
ɹһϾ׷ʵǸʿ˼Ǹ
ǣǣʦ
ɹڲ˵ˣԩ·խ
ʿһʱ䣬û뵽һλԼĺ£Ȼˣͱĺˡ
ƴɹﲻ˵ЩʵɹãѾ͵ûʲôɣ
ɹЦһ˵Ҫٹ쿴ˣҪʿбһƽ£Ļ֮ھͻᱻѾ
ɹ˵֮վߡ
˼æȥֱͣɹòӰ»
ոһţͼĶϱྐྵӡ
ƴ龰ϾͲˣղŲɹôˮ˶Ҳûˮȥ
ʹˣҼҶѾò˸ȥֲ֪ʲôģ˴ߡ
ԭϱǶѾĸס
ԭɹ˵ҪѶѾߣĻͻȫңʱͰŰɡ
ǼܲסͷӺ̫̫ѽ⼸ΪѾ£ǣԲ˯š
ò״˸бµĵʿ̫̫ͷӲЭѶѾ͵˫Ҳͼ·ҲԶţҲܷġ
û뵽ɹˡ
ӲģŪҶѾȥˡ
ͻƴϱĻҲЩ˼²ӷҪֵĻѾҲ͵ȥ
˶εĶײҲû˵ʲôԽȥɡ


012 ̫ҽּ
˵ɹҴҵ뿪ɽͶصԼļСڴϣԽԽ
һԼϾҪɹĸ󷨣úõĹĸͲӰ
òһܹҩҲʿǿȥʿ̣벻̡
ɹ뵽еĲ豭ݺݵˤڵϡ
ȻվתǸƫƧСȥ
ȽСݣЩԥǵʿܹܹӤЩ¡
Ҫ֪ԼɶǿܹʩչҪöԷˣԼһԪˡ
뵽ʱɹЩ岻
ʱĵһʱȵɳɣٺͺҲ١
˵㣬ԴӻصŴ֮󣬾һ
ÿҪΣ֮⣬ľûʲô¶ˡ
εʱԺӺͼѾѾʰøɸɾ緹Ѿˡ
ϳ˷֮ȻҲѾʰ꣬ͲκζֵĻᡣ
һһ˼졣
һεȵʯָʵ壬һδˡ
еѾһ£Ȼִָȥˡ
֮Ҳ˲һͷ굽ǸС
һ֮ЩͷۣΪЩʵ̫ˣÿһͷ˵˳档
ڻǲ֪һ
ǾҪһ޵֮顣
ĻĵǰҲûʹá
˵ˣһ޵ҪĿģΪıܹʹ÷
޵ҪĿΪܹϣĻǷٶ࣬ٸǿһҲ
ˣǶз˰죬̫ѵĲҪԼˮ̫ѵ˵ˡ
ֵĲҪ˭֪֮ⷨаҪǻĸûط˿ȥ
ȥһ̫ҽּ
֮Ȿ飬Ҫԭǰϵʱ˵ⱾĴ
Ȿഫĺܹ㣬ܶеȫ涼йע͡
ҪⱾ飬һֱָ𵤴
Ҳĵ飬֣Ͳʵ֮д
Ȿ˫޵ȻҪѡһܹķ鼮
ȥе飬󲿷˵ĶҪһĹʩչ
˵񣬽ûһĹͲκεЧ
Ĵ󲿷ֵ飬̳ڵ˼ɸͲ
ȥҵһʺʩչ顣
ⱾǴġ³顷
ǲ֪Ϊֻһľ飬ʵȻϾʱȷʵ³ںľֽɡ
ǵ¾ȴýȻͬϱ߶һЩаķš
ʲôŮ·ȡ귨򲡷跨
˿ǲ
ҪǣⱾʩչʱ򣬺Ҫκεķ
Ȿ鿴ʮַ㣬ʵһ˵òʧа
Ϊѧϰ³顷Ҫȱһšѡ¡ѡһˣ³顷һȱһš
ѧϰ³顷˵Ҫʩչûзش䲻
Ȿ³顷辶ʩչʹ淨ʩչ
õⱾʱҲǺܻŵģһԼڵɢҲǷϡ³顷ȱһŵĹˡ
Ȿ֮⣬ֻռ๫ķ
ܲȱ˵ȱֻһҪأ
æЩ֮ɽұС˼ƶԴ
׼һֻҲһȥȵһѧϰʱҲһЩ
Ѿ׼ˣһ룬һλĶѾΪԼҲʱ䲻ˣԼǮСġ
СУ˼ƯϷΣܹҲû˼ǮǸѾˡ
ʰ֮ͣѶһѣȻĻصԼĵС
֮󣬿ʱ䲻磬˵棬պųһ١
ȻǱ̫ҽּϸķһ£ȻͰдģʼ
˰Сʱֻû˯ᱳۣʲôЧҲûС
мκǰѾۼ˽⣬Ǻܿʧ
йˣִҪɹôסǵһλһԣһҪǳɹأ
Ȼؽţָʦ㣬ʦԼһλһ˳
һУŶʯָ˲ʧλ棬һ硣
֮Լķ俴˿ֺԼߵʱȫһ
ȻǼƿţߵԺӵУŶѾķ亰ѾҸʲôöˡ
һѾķ˶֨ѽһţѾСǰ
Ȼ۾㡣
⼸Ĺ۲죬֪ǶѾʾı顣
ӻȡһɫСŶѾĴ򿪣¶״ķΡ
̫ԵþӨ͸ں۾Լ봦ΪװżöСļ̫꣬£ͣķ߲ʵĹâ
Ѿװ۾Ʋˣȴûȥá
Űɣƽֵģôˣ
Ѿ۾ȻƷƿȴ˵ţ̫ˡ
ʲô󣿸ţ˵ЩûõĸʲôҪǲҪҿˣ
ѾĻЦ۾ˣ֣öȡ˹ȻıڻС
ȥȥɣһ£ԷʱҾС
˵仰ڰ־ͻԼС
ѾΣĻصԼС
֮ŽĹرգҪһǡ̫ҽּܲá
㰴˵ģϥԼĴϣȫҪɣҪӴ򦣬۾գһλһλ룬ɣͷͷüë۾ӣڣ򢣬䣬ӣ粿Ҫ
ڷֿ֮ʼʶڱǼǰ
һصȴִ᲻ͬûж೤ʱ䣬;ñǼǰ֣ݷ̫
㶼ܸоһɹɵȡ
ִûģϾ;һϲ
ոǰĹâȾʧˡ
Źâʧ֮۾
ȻղŵĹâֻ˶̶̵ļӾͱԼƻˣûһգȫЦݡ
Լ¶ˣִʱ򣬲֪ռȱʲôҪš
µ磬⡶̫ҽּ·ųĹâ
ļ죬ҲˣξԼķУ̫ҽּ
ʱƣĸԽԽ
տʼֻǾǰһŵھۼԽԽʢ
˵ģ֪ѾˣԽһˡ


013 а
˳֤㿪ʼ̫ҽּһǰѾֵĹâڡ
һɲ֮ܲʶˣȻٴţþô˴ϾͻῪ
Ĺܽǰ۵Ĺâյڡ
˴Ǹոˣǳڵ˵ĴҪ
ŵ˼ǸտʼĹ⣬ֻĿ⣬⣬ҲԹ⡣
عⷵĺǰһ죬ˮţĿ徲Թ⡣
ԹⱾǹ⣬徲ı𻪣˷أˮ𽻼ãȻʥ̥͡
ʱУ֪Ĺȥˣһµʱ䡣
ʱ㹦еԹҲʼ֣ȶֻʱʱ֡
㱾ҲзǳȷĸܣƽоĺãϢ಻һ͸оţһµգȫʵ庮
֮⣬оһŹâһֱԼĿڴ֣ܹԼ
̫ҽּʱɹҲûš
ɹһη˶ıȴһֱԲǳķꡣ
տʼʱɹòΪ⣬ֻΪʱ˳һʱ˾ͺˡ
ʱƣԲȴԽԽ
ɹȻûҲǺɻ˼ʮ꣬һЩʶġ
ҲоͶԼĲͷˡ
˳ķ꣬һִͷĸо
ɹһָо͹˲ˡ
һҹ˾ҹһοʼɽ١
Ǻ£ɲҲ
ڼŬû֮ɹйֻԼ׳ʲô
˼ǰĿǣΪԼҪˡ
ǰһʱǺɾ͸ɹãˣ˲Ŵ֮
ո׼ȫҪһҩȴĳʿȡ
ɹڵó֮󣬳̾һǵúǳʿһĻǱҩزԼҲסˡ
ɹ¶֮뿪˹ɵ䣬һƽƫƧСС
ɹ谵ķȡһ飬ϸָ˰죬粻
ɹú¶ģе·Żȥ
ڽİɹþͿʼ׼Ĳϡ
˼ֻȻ˼Ŵ׵
ȵʱ֣ɹôһɫӣȻһֻһɱǵѪС
ֽ֮Ǽ˳ϸһϵãһǳӡ
ֽ֮ӣڼѪݡ
ִ֮Ӽ̳ԱȡһС̳ӡ
򿪸֮һĹǻҡ
ɹҨ˼׹ǻҷǼѪݵУȻ֮һ
֮ǼѪݹĺһϵԼĽϣһϵСݹ񡪡ͨλϡ
ִ֮ͷϼһͷԼ
һ֮ɹ˹ǰʼдʡ
˲ʱ䣬ɹþ;㱡
ʱ֪ˣƴǰһԾ
Ȼɹþ;ȫƮƮģٻһ廹ڹǰ
ڵɹãŲҰ׺ѪĹâڻһƵͷ
ɹüһˣϵЦݸӲˣţʿ֪֪
ԭɹõŷǳ񷨡
Ⲣǵҵɹеõһа
ⷨžùǻԼѪȻͨļӳ£Ϲ̶ԼĻܹ塣
һ壬ӵзǳǿȫԺ͵ҵĳƥС
ŷǷǳļ㣬ǿ󣬵һ㡣
Ǿд˷ʱڷ˹ǻңÿһʩ壬
ȻֶܹˮɽܳΣܷΡ˼䣬ܷڱ仯̫գ̾ͻɻһҡ
겻棬Ա֮
ΪɹòѡԼͷΪһ֮
ɹõоһ磬Ȼǽ˼ţֱʮĿɽͶȥ
һ·ϵûʲô谭ɹ÷ǳ׵ľ˿ɽ⡣
ɹҲټǰ
Ϊɹÿɲ֪еǼ٣ǻá
ĵƾոտͻᱻ֣ʱ߿Ҳˡ
ɹֻĴε۲̽
˺һŷвûκ⣬ȫһƬ
ɹѾ϶ˣиûڣֻһҰ
ɹȷ֮󣬴һ磬ȥ
֮󣬱ĴĹ۲죬ڶ᷿һֵĺ˸
ɹϾȷˣӦǸʿķ䡣
Ǻ⣬ӦǳʿĻ⡣
ɹȷĿ֮һķ䡣
һͼϥڴϣڱǼһһһڡ
ɹÿ龰ɵЦˣҪ˭˵
ʿйûκεķԼֵʱ
ɹҲɣȥ
һ˱ɹõһˣ̾ͻǶ
һɹÿʧƣո˵ϣ̾;ϣǻ̿һ̡
ɹõֻñ̿һգϾҪڻɢһ
⻹㣬ĻУʱһźչֱ֣Ӿײɹõϡ
ô˫£һӾͰɹõ񣬴ϸ˳ȥ
ʱܵҲѹ
ƽʱҲǿֵġ
һɹó˼Ѫ֡
һڻеǺ⣬ɹϣΡ
һ۾ͿǰŮӣһꡣ
һצˣԼû
һǸǹӤһһŮ
ҲʲôãȻܹɾͳ
ҲʮΣյģħ˼䣬һעҪ
ҺѾһЩŮһץʹԼԱץһľ
ľҵģʱľ˼
ľķҲǴִҵġȻ֪ܲã֮Ҳû£ͰǷľһ顣
ӿʼľͣӦҪʮĹ
ֻʮ죬ЩҲ˲ˡ
ľ´ǸŮһ
ɹøոصĴʱ򣬱һϣ̾;úǱ̺һ۵֨ҽС
㿴ԼһЩãǾͷſֽţľɹõ񣬾һҳ顣
һɹÿɵùˣˣֱôһڣ۵شҲûйˡ


014 
ɹñĥܲˣţҪٲ취Լ¾Ҫˡ
ɹƴ
ɹĵҲķеı
Ҳɵͷ˾裬ľͭӡֻҪǰŮһ㲻ԾͻԷһºݵġ
ɹüͣˣһ
ʱǰһʵĹ»Ұҵҡ
ɹʻתһȦ˻֪ԼĴڡ
ȻɹȻҲ˵ʵˡ
ɣҷظϵĹ»꣬ϢԲ͵͵ܵЩƷû뵽ײ˴ɵķ䣬
Ľ֪ͣɷֻ´һ»ꡣ
ɲҪˣһССĹ»ҰôҴѵҪ𣿡
֪УûҾĵҲҴ
֮Щ죬뷨֮У羹Ȼй֣ôҲһ顣
Ȼ˹˺óʱ䣬Ӧ򣬵ǰ»Ұ˵ȻҰ
Ļ˻ôǮڴʱʱ˹ʲôԭ
˼ʱſڵϵɹõ꣬Ϊһߵĺûᡣ
ɹͻȻǰһԾϾ͹һ磬ɿƮȥ
㱻һŷӦ
̧һǹ»ҰȻԼע⣬ȥ
ʽģеͭӡȥ
öĹӡź⣬ֱӾڡ
ղŵʱͭӡֻǷų˹âɹõˣοڱʵС
ֻһ£ҵɹƮҡǷеһ
ɹ֪ãôȥľͻزȥˣһҧʹط
طһã̾ͷֳ롣
һǳǿʢڵǹͷֱӾײȥ
һ룬ʮֵֻһգۼӳӣʧԺС
ڹ˲ߵһˣеľײԼǼӡ
һʮֵĲֻǼ¾ͱʮְȻȫɢֻһͷƮƮ˵ϡ
ɢ꣬һŰ߿ԺУĴƣߵѾӰ
һڣܵĿ죬´һɢ
ôǴȵģסŵĶѾˡ
Ѿһ·ųŰľԺҫЩȥʵʲô𣿡
ѾϴޱȵĽȴǳƽ˵ûʲôֻһ۵Ĺ»ҰѾҸˡ
Ѿһղй̰Լϵ·ֽ˽Ȼ۾ĺڰƮƮõй֡
ѾµӣЦԴ˵£ڣЩ»Ұٶʰˡ
Ѿæסĸ첲ֻܰȫһЩ
аο˶Ѿ䣬԰ͻط䣬Щ˯
ѾſתԼķ䣬ŰŹס
ڹŵһɲǣѾ¶˼ƵóѵЦݡ
˵صԼķ䣬˷ţڷĵĴѰҡ
ղڴǸʱоʲôڵϡ
ڵϼһ黨׵ͷ
ͷ
ղԼǸƭˣͲʲô»ҰӦʩǰԼ
ԼȻ֪ͷԩ˭
Ҫֻ֪ǧûǧշġ
ԼһСı˰ˣ¿޶ûطȥ
Уһ취һѵܣӦðˡ
㿪ʼԸҲǰǿһĸı䣬ڻûиоһټͻᷢڵ־ᶨࡣ
˵ɹԼ󲿷ֵ꣬ԼһͷԼʶɿԼլӷȥ
һȫٷԽֻһյ費Ĺ򣬾ѾصԼլӣȻֱӽһС䣬Լһˡ
ʱһֱͨλϵǹɺϾͱ˻ҽ
ǣһֻҪɹԸ⣬ܶˣܹƾһڤڤеĸӦԦ꣬»ص塣
ɹΪԷһķȻóˡ
ȻɹϣϾͺʲô˾Ѫһÿή
ɹﴭ˺ܳʱǿ۾
ڹ۲Լʱ͸оѪأȥ¶Ȳޣͻɢ
ɹͨǰ˼һҧҧΡΡվӵһ䡣
һˮףɹ÷ѾĽˮŲһߣʱˮ׵³һĶѨ
ɹ͵ƣƵ˶Ѩ
ȻͶڶѨһΣӳӤ
СӤҲ֪Ǳ˷»ôģ˯أɹһȻûаСѡ
ɹߵӤǰ͵ӤգһְֵӤĵͷ
ɹֽӤڻУȻΡΡ˳ķ䡣
һˮҲŻԭˣߵͨǰӤڹϡ
ɹֿʼдʣҡͷβ
һСͻȻһаϢӿŹͨƣǱɫȾһȻ˽ɫ
ɹÿѾɽɫ¶˾ϲ
ɹûΪԼһ񣬲һ˿Ϣû뵽ھȻͨķ˴˴
ɹõҲٳɣͨƣǿͷ
һվڹ˯ŵӤǰӤŪһϥڹϡ
ɹˣ´һ¹ϵӤûʲô©Ŵһ֮ȡһöֶ
ɹŸֶӤǰҲɸղŵĴһ
ֻѸֶ߸ߵľȻ͵´ֱӴӤĶŴ
ӤûüޣѾɥ
ʱɹֿʼдʣԽԽ졣
һͼͨϣųһɽִѪĹâӤһɨžһɺɫѪӤڱ˳
ⱻѪ̾ǰֳɣǴһֱӾͱգСһɷɵɹõڡ
һн֮ǽɫҲİָֻԭȵɫ
ʱ¹ŵɹãѸٻָ˺ѪͺҲС˼ꡣ


015 ͷ߼
ԭɹⷨǶ˵컯Բ
֮ʹӤΪӤ㣬һᣬмʮá
ɹ۾ٴ¶Цݡ
ϾЦݣĬĬĹ۲ڡ
ɫѿԭȻӤڷɿʧ¼ֲ˶೤ʱ䡣
ɹúݺݵһ´ȣеǸҩܹá
ͨķҲ͵ˣԼӦһǸˡ
˵㣬ڵڶ֮ΣȻͻصԼУֻϿʼЩԼõϵķ
Ҫ˵һδԽ˷ǳֵ׼ֻϸֵļмʮG
ҪڹŴССֻװ飬ˡ
һϵʱ䣬ҳһţܱϮԼǸˣֲҪԼ̫෨İ취
취ҲҶǾǶͷ߼顣
ʹõʮĶͷ߼顣
Ѿ˵ͨķˣӦñͨһࡣ
˵ڵˣǳɵõҪѧһҲǷǳѣһҪԵ
ִλ棬ȴʮĸַ
Щ󲿷ֶǶɷļ򻯣һЩаѾЩͨĵĿȫǡ
ڱ㿴еľһа
Ȼаֻǽжͷ߼аʺϵӦýм
ŵ̾ǣȡͷë֣Ȼڲ˵ķδ
֮˹̳̳֮£Ϳǰȥжͷꡣ
˵鲢һͥҲɽľʶķ
ͷ˯Уʵͻᱻһһǡ
ʱһһѾסˣȻͭմѪͭˡ
ÿһΣʮ֮󣬾ͻὫͷȫС
ʱͷͻһ
鷳ҲÿһΣͿеĳ
֮׾ͻᱻͷѾ䣬ӶѰҽⷨ
ŷʮֵǱʤ֮ýȻ໤ֻŷЩãҪֻ
ɼа
׼ԸǸͷõķŶͷ߼
Ҫд˶ͷ߼ҪһЩ׼
˾֮ɽת˼ȦȻѡһЩֳϸĲݴ
ִĿ֮ⷿУ˼ͭȻѾȥһֻá
ʱͿʼˣʵû£˼ζǲΡ
ǶѾԱ߿ˣôҲ಻ãŰһǹĲˡ
ڵϣϹȻ׼һЩƷ߲ΪƷ
Ȼ󽫲˷˹룬ʼдʣͣĹݡ
ִǿΪǸˣȻһ˹ݡ
й磬㲻ͣ䣬ݣǲ˺ǻһʼɢһɭϢ
һҲֱģҲûа;ϵĵ
ҧ֮ɹµǹͷ˵ظڡ
һ֮ó׼õͭմ˹Ѫ͵ȥ
ԶڼʮɹʱѾ˯ţͻȻ;ؿһʹĴк
ɾʹĿȥҲ죬ܿʧɹЩͷԣԼƽҲûʲôѽôؿͻȻʹ
žʹʧɹþ;һĻΪԼû˯ãҲû⣬ͷڴϾͼ˯ȥˡ
˵ڶ죬糿ʼߵһڹϵĲˡ
ÿһݣʮɹñһ֣ȵݰ꣬Ѿ𴲻Щɹã־û˯
ҲֻͷһʩɹúܿͻָҲû⵱һ£ֻΪͷһϺ㶷ʧԪڻûлָ
˵ڶϣҹ˾֮ʱһʼݲˡ
һοɺǴҴҵߵݲͬȻǰǹ죬䡣
һ֮ǹϵĲɭһ˿
ԼԼ䣬һӰڲಿλζ
㷨ߣ˵ĶֻǰշҪһͭպϹѪ˲֮ϡ
ͭոս룬˼ʮɹãһʹĴһѹ
һɹÿɾˡ
Դ챻֮󣬽һû⣬ҹһʹʡ
ԲԼ⣬ӦҪȡԼ
ɹöʤ֮Ҳʮֵľͨ飬Ѿµʤ֮ѹԼ
ͷ֮ɹҲ˲˯ˣѷ´㴩˼·ǸɭСݣͨߵݡ
ɹõߵݣͨλϣһγϢ
ɹÿ֪ͨˡ
Ǹæͨ˶Է䣬Լƽ
ȻᱣͽͨһаҪûʲôɲԸ˷ѷԼͽ
ɹҲ׼һ˵ضһ׼ӤקĳͨλСࡣ
ţѪͨλɭϢԽŨأ˺γʵʡ
һǸӤǱһ̸ɱȥֻʣƤҡ
ȵһ֮ͨλһɭϢɹõϡ
ͨԼɹе䣬ԼҪ˳䣬鿴ʲôԼͽ
ɭϢɹһȦȻͻһɹõĶͷ
γɣе㣬ֻһļ¡
ͿϵǸˣʼҡҡλΣҪ뿪Ƶġ
ɴûмʩչⶤͷ߼ʱҲֻϲ鿴˺üַҲû˵˻Լ
ܿͷӦӦĶԷʹʲôҪԼĶͷ߼
鷢ѾһسԩҶͷԺԷһʹøķԸԼ
ɿתţ˼Լʲô˶Է
˼ȥƾԼ⻹ûŵĵУûа취ֹ
㽹ǵʱֲ粻ɵԼһӲ
֮̾;éٿ
ʱϵǸ˶ԽԽеɹõͷҲʼţҪ˵塣
ͭӡһŻƱֽϸӡǣȻ͹˲ϡ
ŻƱֽڲ֮ϣǲ˵ĶҲֹͣ
ֹͣ˶һʱס˶ԷĶ


016 
˵ڼʮ⣬ɹõļУ㽫ӡǵĻƱֽסˡ
ͨͻȻųһĽ⣬ְȥ
ڹµɹãǴʧɫ
ͨľ飬ѾжϳͨһҲ޹
ɹÿĺˣȻͨûа취ԼǲǾҪɥˡ
УԼһбİ취ģͨУǾȥǺɡ
뵽֮ɹҲ˲ˣվܡ
ùĺλ£Ŀͷ
ôĺǺɶûзӦ
ܿɹþˣǰһʱɸ˵ԼҪչһʱ䡣
ƽûʲôҪ飬ɹҲͲٺˡһعϵԼҲƴһƴ
ɹվԱߵһǰȡһֻζĳ㡣
ֻһֻ㣬ֻҪǵȼǺɲڸʲô̸ܹоǰ
Ҫ˵ɣҲɹСʱһֱ˴ȱһСꡣ
Ҳãڻصû죬еõ˺ɵָ㡣
ӴɹþͳԶţִҲˣֻɹá
ɹںɵλǰĽ֧ȼȻ͹ǺɵĻӦ
˺һͻȻɹþ͸оһֱ塣
ָоɹѾᵽܶˣ֪ǺҪҲ
һɹͻȻɳƵ˵ô£Ǹ˵ڱչ𣿡
һشȴɹԼ
ɣ˱˵İ㣬ڵϦòŴɡ
Ǻ֮󣬷˴̶Цմ㣬ۡ
ɹþ
㲻ǹͨѵûн֮Σ
ɹɵ仰Щġ
չأȻϹ˺ɣͲӦٹͨ
Ҳɹϣаòд¡
ɹҲ˵ʲôֻǿİɴȡ
ɵҲܹɹõĶݣЩɹûϣҲһЩ¡
˻Ĳãȡ
ðɣҾ;һȣҪ֪˲Ķ⡣
ɹ˺ɵĻˣһһ⹩ɣٺͨʲô档
ֻҪܾɹʲôܴӦ
һжɵķԸ
Ǻɺʮֵ⣬Ȼɹþ;һߡ
˺һɹõûһɹ˾ͱ֡
ɹõУ͸ֳһа
ɹ֪ǺָԼҲɣվ
ɹַСַҴ֮ϣֲĬϣɣ¾㣬Ǭͨ飬˲ꡣ
ɹ߱֮һҺǰýŶ¡
˭֪ɹ꣬ڵǹͻȻɹ嶼Ⱦ˽ɫ
žһĹɹϼһ˲ŵʮС
ʱǼ䷿УֵĹŵ֮ϣڲϹŵŻƱֽͻȻķ˺⣬֮赲⡣
صǣ뽫Էˡ
Ȼƽƽ˭Ҳ˺˭
ֹһϮĹɢ
ŹڲϵĻƱֽҲͻȻѳ룬˹ϡ
һζǺ޹
λɽ꣬޵ڵҵķӦǳǿҡ
ڸղţķͶԷֵʱ򣬾͸Ӧǵϣű־
ˣҲڹĸߵ
λҲЩͷҪ֪ϣᷨĵʿȻ࣬ҲǷëǡ
ЩʿУڹĿ¾ûмˡ
һ£ȻԷԼҲûбҪӣȥһ˿ʿĸţʱ
֮󣬾Ͷɹ˵ʿЩУȥһʲô
ɹƴ˺Ҳǵʿ޿κʮֵĺڣ֪ʿôʱͲӦȥ
˵ʲôҲˣɱסĺá
ɣǵʿ֪ʲôֶΣÿҹҶбģɹʱø˽١
ǺɳĬ˰죬˵Ҳ㣬ʵûͣǵʿʹʤ֮ƽĲͬҸղŲ壬Ҳûзһ˿
˵仰ʱҲڷɿתѰǵʿʲô
Ҳɹªѹţڴ˵ʾ磬˵õһƪطȻǲصʵʵģʾˡ
˸ܷͨҲֻƾһؼԼ
ȴһˣһ磬طаѡ
Ǻʵûа취ֻ˵ҵһʱܹڡ
ɹÿ촫ڡ
ȻˣͽⷨӴ㣬㴲ǰ೤һǵĳߡƻʱ˯ڿڣͷǰһյƣźһյƣҲɣҲɣץϣЩҲݣ㲻öܣϵʱȻ
ɹ֮Ǵϲлɡ
ɹú˼ҲûлӦǸѾ뿪ˡ
ɹõˣǳĳһ
Ϊ֪ɵͣôûмʧ֡
˵ڶİ죬ɹþԼĴǰһӡ
ȵƻʱӵǰһյƣȻߣЩ׷͵ݱ䲻
ȵҹ֮ԺͻȻӰȵһƽڵԺѾվһ۵ˡ
ʱлһѱ
֮㿪ʼֻ̤̽󷨾лдʡ
ڼʮȴ֪һУǰǰĹأһ˼̳ǰʼǸˡ
֮󣬷ֽĲ˺ԭЩͬ
ǰÿμɣ˶ЩǶƮ
ڽ죬˾Ȼ˿ûκεࡣ
ڷֻǸӣһеͶǴӼϵģոѧỹû롣
Ȼǲ֪ʲô¡
ȻǸ㲻ףȻշһͭռ˹Ѫȥ
һ֮Ҳϴϴȥ˯ˡ
ڼʮɹüУѹɹУûиоԭҵʹ֪һǱܹˡ
ԺеǺɣ˴ʱͣ˽Ų˱ֲһϵĺˮ
һΪ˾ɹõҲƴȫȻʹ÷ʱ
ȻֻʱģҲܻסɹü죬ȵԼҵǵ˽ĸţİ취


017 
˵˯һڶһǸСмݡ
һصļݺǰһûκε쳣ݵһ
˴ʱôɵҲ֪ķ±ˣԷһʹʲô֮ķܹȥ
Ҳʮֵĺ£ΪλܣѾȡ˶Էǡ
ڶԷѣҲһʱ󲿷ʱӦǻ˯
ֻҪԼ˲ԷȥԷûȫĿܡ
뵽־Լ̫ϡˣԷҪݣԼһܹס
취һЩ
˼ãصУԼǱ³顷ϸķһ飬һ취
˶֮ݶ緹ĶѾʵѾѽûмӣ
ѾʻæеĻƣǰ˵л˵ȥ졣
û£Ҿһʡ
Ѿ̧ͷȴĿһۣ˵ûмҸ컹ңЩ߼֮࣬Ժ·ҲûзЩ
룬ӻȡ˼ʮöͭǮݵ˶ѾУ͵һˣ򼸰Ѽӣ˳ҪҲ
ѾǮеһ񣬾ͷɿȥ
ûһĹ򣬶ѾٴγǰʱѾѼӣԼһЩͷ֮С
ҪĶҶˡ
ǰȥһЩֻһĥļӣʣµЩ߾ͷǶɣҲòЩ
ţԺʲô·Ҫĸ˵
ѾִӻȡöͭǮ
û˵Ǯ
㲢ûнЩͭǮѾԴЦ˵ЩǮŰɡһҪʲô߲ˮ֮ģҲó
Ѿ֮ЦЦЩǮԼĻС
˶Ѿ֮󣬻صԼ˯һСǰȵķ¡
⴦С֮󣬵һ裬湩ʦ
УҪʦӦ÷ŵ֮УүƵ
룬ô˼عĵطԼһڴ˽סģûн˰ߵĵ
ֻԼԵһ䣬ʦһ裬ݣҲԼӶʦһ𾴡
㽫ǰȸʦͷ
ȻдʣڤŹ뼱飬ĸ٣ƺӽʼ÷׷鲻飬ʦаʹһ϶ǡǣ̫Ͼ
֮ǰѸٵһŻֽд˷䣬ͭӡȻǼϡ
һ֮ļӣǼ䷿䣬˷ͷ
֮ǰһЩġ
ʵҲ֪ⷽܲãȻͷ߼ãôӦҲǼٵġ
£ϣУٴжͷ߼
һзȻԭһûκεࡣ
ȴڤڤиӦһ谭ⶤͷ߼
谭ʮֵı춤ͷ߼ĥ£Ѿֻʣ±һ㣬ۿžͻᱻơ
֮ĵͷ˸ֵĻҲסͷ߼
ƽȵ谭һĥʱ⼸ԼĶͷ߼ͻһϣʱ±һһļҪ
һŲסµʱҪɥ
귨֮󣬾ͻݼ̫Ҿּȥˡ
ո뿪ãԺоһ磬ȵ֮ͣԺоͳһλˡ
µĹһ£ֻеĽ˸Ӧеŵ
˼龰ţֲô˵ʤ֮ôԭҲڣķаķӳ֣ʹԼ޹
һԼ˾ҪķʿҲ֪֪ǺһҲ˱
ɴ֮󣬾ĬʼĴӦ
ڸӦɹõ֮
ܿɾ͸ӦһƫƧУɹõĻǡ
һϲȻֱжȥ
ոǰͻȻϾͷųĽ⡣
ڽһѽɫļӣ͵ľɽ
һºǴʧɫȻľȴû˷硣
һɣֻһתͻһԶȥ
ɻһУǽɫļӵͷ£ýβ
ֻһҽУԺоһ̯Ѫ
ҽ֮粢ûͣɿԾΧǽʧҹĻ֮С
ҽҲ㡣
æһ·˳
ոԺУĶѾҲ·Ҵҵ˳֮ͼæʵʲôҸղһŮ˵ĲҽС
ûʲôһ»Ұ֪ߵغ񣬾ҴǵԺУҵķˡ
ǶѾֻ֮ǴһսȻܿ˿ںڰͻȻܳһ
Ѿɰı飬ЩЦˣǶѾˣĵĻȥ˯ɡ
Ŷ
ѾӦһȻ۾ԺĻȥ˯ȥˡ
ڶѾط֮һ͵ڵա
ڵԺ֮зһ̯ѪԼһë׵Ķ
߽ë׵ĶһⶫǳϤӦһںβ͡
β룬һɣӦЩУĻҲ
ȥǸǰϹŵļӿȥ
ֻո¼ӣѾ⼣߰ߣƲ
̾һһֻһˣϻæµһ£ٵһѼӡ
ӦˣǺɾĵӣҲٻˡ
㽫⼣߰ߵļӣֱӾӵϣȻطϢȥˡ
˵ܵĺɣ©֮㣬ææɥ֮ȮһܵɹõļС
»ûΣֱžͽɹõԷ
һҲԭװŪֻ֮ˣɹŵǸǰɹþ˵㵽ʲôˣȻǵܴ˻
ɹУΪԼӵ˶ˣŽȥǸʿȻὫԼأʱܹƽˡ
֪˵ʱǺɱĻҿѪɹþͳһ
ɣѵˣ
ǺʱҲٺɹÆˡ
ǵʿĺܣǾȲˣ㻹ǺΪ֮ɡ
˵֮һ䣬Ժӣһɽȥ


018 ɢ
һߣɹֻõͷ
ɶȲԼѵһԼľû
ɹҲ겻ȫһ;ͷۻ˯ȥ
ȵڶİ죬ɹѹʱֻû֮УȻˡ
ıܻɹӣƫƧСȥ﹩ͨ
ɹ֪ǺˣҲỤԼܰԼֻͨаˡ
һزεķԸͨҲûκεĶ
ɹȻģһ죬ͨǰ
ͨȻûзӦֻҧҧͨģһһαȫСŮӵôӽԺÿ³һʮ壬񹩷һŮӡ
ҲɹõĲͶҽΪ֪ͨʮֵаҲܿԼŮӵķϣԼһ
Ȼɹøոŵԣƾ˷Ӧ
ֻһâԶ֮ϣƾͷųһ˿ɫĹâķȫס
ڷеɹúڤڤҲõָ㣬ӽԺ֮ڣ֮ⷿУ뿪
ɹõõָҲǴϲ
æԼĴˮԼ̸ǣȫ˹ͨⷿУˣʱⷿˣҲȥ
ʱںɽһɽɽǰվһòĸˡ
ԶԶĿɹõļУһ˿̹⣬ɵ¶һ˿Ц
ͨҲò£ѵΪƾͨۼֵ֮ܵסǸ
ϣһķ䣬ʼжͷ߼
һոտʼݣ;÷ǳѣÿһݺҪƴȫſɡ
ףǶԷԼ鷳ˣǵСҲǵˡ
ƴȫݵݣһ꣬;ǰֹͷ߼µǸϣȫĥˡ
ڼʮɹã;궯ҡʣĻǾͲǿ£Ҫɡ
ͨʱȴȫų˹â뽫ɹõĻȶס
̹Ͳʲôã֮ⷨУûκε赲
ţɹõ˳˲ĳǰǸС
㰴նͷ߼ķһͭպ˼Ѫ˲֮ϡ
һغԭȲͬͭոնڲϣǲ˾һĲȻʧȥ˶
㲻֪ô£ЩҲǸոսӴ֪Ȼ֪Ȼ
һ뷨ǾǣȻ֪㷢ʲôȻշ˵ģͷβûκβͿˡ
Ȼһ˿˽ĳһſڵһѼȥ˯ȥˡ
ʱɹãѾǽޣؿڻһ˿Ѿûʲôˡ
ȥһˮû¶ԼѾ군ˡ
ļ죬Ȼǰնͷ߼Ҫÿʩﲻͣļݡ
ȵ죬Ĺȫ֮ŰѶͭĲһѻˡ
ڷղ˵ĹУ˲ڲͣİ֮öЩͷƤզ
ʱɹõĻǱڲ֮У޷뿪Ļȫʧ֮䣬˵ǻɢˡ
㵽˶ͷ߼ķշ˵ǸӦѾ
ϾһⷨҲʮֵĿ϶Ǹ˾һˡ
ҲҵģǸû͸ǰ⼸߰˰Ѽӣȫ˽ȻŻȫһѡ
һԵĶѾ϶һѼӣĪ
ڶѾЩ죬뿴һ񾭲һ
ԴҲûа취㲻ܸԼʩ˷ҸǺ͵Ϯ
֮ļһƽûʲô鷳
ŷԼĶͷ߼ȻãǸҪҪѾˣأûԼˡ
֮ŷʼͶ뵽̫ҽּжȥ
һոպͶѾԹ緹ԺʳأͻȻ˶Ѿ̻ƴ
ѾһˣæվܵĹȥ˵̵Ļ
ƴһѾͱס˶ѾȻ§ڻһꡣ
ֱѾ˼ˣŷſŶѾһ΢Цԡ
⼸Ѿ԰ɣ
Ѿܺãǳڿ죬ʱɸҰ˴æˡ
ǾͺãǾͺá
˵ŻƴͰѻеӣ͵ǰ
ûʲôöֵһЩը¾ơ
㼱æȴôԣϿûȥ
ǻƴȴزգǶһԵĶѾ˵õȥϸˡ
Ѿǳ̵Ļһѽӹӣ͵ȥˡ
Щ˼ˣæӻȡǮҪƴ
ûƴ￴㸶Ǯɫͱˡǲǿũңһӻõ𣿡
仰˵Щ˼ˣֻܰͭǮŵУѻƴԱ¡
ʱ˻ĶѾſӻˡ
ѿӷ˻ƴԣһСӣŻƴ£Ͼǵ
ͺͻƴ
˵һЩҳľͰѻ˸Ƿʲôϡ
ʱǴ⸽ûʲô£˵˵
ʱѾ۾Ҳʼð⣬һ
ԭʱ䣬ѾУپͳȥͻ档ôһʣеİ˼ð˳
ƴ￴Ҳ˾񣬡Ҫ˵ѽһ׮
ƴһ²˵ǸڴɹͻȻˡ
Ѿ˵Ͼй̣ʲô¡ɹ·߲ȣ˲𣿡
СӼҶʲôɹڼʮǰӡ
ƴӵĿһ¶ѾŽ˵ɹÿееģ⸽һʲôа˲ãɹһȥ̾ƽ¡
۾ԼǸҲһŮӣѵɹã
ƴԱ߽˵ǰʱȥɹаôŶҺײȥһŷɹѾһƫƧķ˺üˡ
ʲôֵģʹʲô¶ܷ̫Сˡ
ƴﲻмؿ˶Ѿһۣȴһӣ˵ķؿһ˵аа
Ҳͷô˵ĻȷʵЩаŶ
㷭ͷһ룬ӦɹҪԼĶͷ߼
ʱѾѾ۷Ź⣬ʵ̣Ǻôˣ


019 
ƴԼŮʣϽ˵ҵôһѣǲôţ
ԱߵѾǳϣĴ۾ʵôˣ
һзһؽѣ߰˾ߺͯʬ壬ʱǸѽľ
ѵôˣԱʵ
ǻôѾˣ˭ȥ
Ҳǵͷȷʵӣеծôˣ
¹ȥ֮ҲҲûϢ
Ҳ֪ɹþ
Ҳƽʼ̫ҽּ
̫ҽּտʼҪа
ް֮Թȶʱɡ
̫ҽּĲƽϵһɽ⡣
ȵԹȶпܵǦɴҩ𵤡
һ죬̫ҽּ˵ǷǳҪ
ǰһʱҪ˼ͷϮЩиǿԷһеģ⡶̫ҽּˡ
ˣһ쿪ʼлͽȫĹرգҲ͵ĳݣһȫжѾչˣԼһһ죬Ϊ̫ҽּ
ʱһֱһٶ죬ڶио
ֻоԼ˺ߣľκˣһֱĴŵʯ
Զ̫ɽ龰һȵĽںϡ
ԼҲģ˽𲭡
ܵĺˮˮ覣Ǿ޼ɵ̫ףҲ׾˵νġ۳𡱡
ڰľáΪ󡣾˵ġϹ
ټ̫ҫѾɣԹ
̫ҽּš
ٽˮĥĹļȻСҩҩԼĽ𵤡
һ֮кĨȥһĻҳֻͨ͸ܸоԡ
Ӵµ֮һųһϣøովͻƵԵʥ
Ժժ˵ĶѾѾЩˣеĲ˲ĵ˵ϡ
㿴ŶѾɵЦЦǰȥϣȻĶѾԴ˵ʲôأ
ѾػشҸղſˡ
Ц˵ô׾ͱɵģСУֻոţɻʮǧ·ء
ҿɡѾ϶˵
ŶѾӴʱԽԽѾԸʮֵƣ˵Ҳʼԭôнˡ
ˣǲ˵ɵˣˣǳ⡣
˵ʹӻͳһͭǮ˶ѾС
ȥ⣬Ժ⡣
ѾͻһҪԺ⣬ͰѸղŵĻһߣץͭǮŹ⡣
Ҿȥˡ
Ѿ˵֮󣬽Χȹڵϣһ̵ܳ
ѾȥûһĹ˶֪¿š
ʱһֱŲôϰЩ񣬾ʮֵĲϰߡ
ڴӶѾĿֿ֪ˣȺŹƷææ
㱾Žڿˣû뵽û೤ʱ߰λͽ
û취ҲæվкվǰΪЩǰͽз¡
ȹһʱ˲û٣ӵĶˣԭڸڴĴҲõϢǰ㡣
Դɹȥ֮ڸܹĵطҲֻˡ
˽¿ţҶ²ǰݡ
ĶѾصʱҲһû뵽û೤ʱ䣬Ѿɽ˺ˡ
ѾæȺ֮мȥеŵ˳֮Сǰ￴ȥ
ֻæأûʱ˼ɶѾ
һֱæֱͽ߹ˣһ
ٳʱ򣬿ԺѾں˷ˡ
СѾͷѾ̺ˮء
ˣôһ
ͻȻöѾһ
عͷ˵֮ؿڣشûгԷôȶӣ
Ѿ˵֮Ͼվһֶһǰ
ӹڵϣһϸ˽оеһɵζûִЩóԡ
ֹˣ˭˵ŴĴȻʳľͺˣǳԵ˹Ŵˣִء
ʵҲﲻףʵڹŴʱûоҹҲûбɿζʵڵö٣˵ִɿء
̧ͷȴѾȴԵ÷ǳ졣
ֻѾС춼ͣһո͵ӾѾһ顣
߳ԶѾչ㣺Ͽѽʣóԡ
ҲѾˣĳ˼飬ʵܲζͣеĿӣһԳԵĶѾ˵Ҳˣʣµɶˣ˷ˡ
Ѿ֮۾һ߳һߵͷ
ҡҡͷ¿ӣ׼һ̫ҽּ
ͻȻţõ졣
쿪ţм¶
ֻȥţû߼ͱѾסˡ

˵ŶѾһֱȥ
Ѿһһԭվŵ˼ҵĹܼܼҡ
˵ʵڿɽУҾܼңҪˡ
Ϊƽʱ˼涼ǴüĿĶﾭװһЩʳڴ˱ҵСЦͳһ͵ӵС
ܼȴһˣÿʱһڵල
е˼һϵ⣬ܼһв
ڴ˵УǸˣĹܼȴǸݵġ
ڶѾܼҰϾûЦݣӵվſʵܼˡ
ܼѾ֪˶Ѿ飬Ҳû⣬ֻǶԶѾͷҴҵĽ
ܼҽ֮󣬸Ͻӭȥһأ˵ǳˡү£Ͽȥ
еǳֶ̣̣ڵָλأæʵԱʲô£
ˣ˵ˣȥ˾֪ˣǼù¶
ҲͲپȻˣܼԵһҽȥ׼
㡣
ܼҵͷԼԷ
ҳŷļӣš
ѼӶǱýģϣһħ֣ҲиĶ
ְǰʹõľҲϡ
ȵһװɣ߳˷䡣


020 
ܼ뿪Ҵҵ˵ĸۡ
һ˶ʮֵĿľſӭ㡣
һŮ˶Ŀ࿴
ˣæȥȸ
ҲִɵϰߣԼϰ壬ȴкôܹϰǰһӡ
СεºܣȻͶԱǰӭӣ
ˣı֪ģĴ£ôҵ
˵֮󣬾ʹլֱ֮±ߵѾϲ
˶ʾһ£Ȼһڣ˵һҲǲѣڼٴγ˹¡
˵̾˿ݵ˵һ겻Щ֮κΣ
˵̾Ҳþ
˱Ϊƣ˵Цеģʵһݵġ
ȻĻһǸС檣ôᱻĥ
˵ķţ˵Ҫʲô£ѵһû
ĿⲻĬ˲ŸҸ飬÷˵ˣȴһ
뵽Щ֣˼άԼΪʲô
Ա⣬֪һլֳʲô飿
ܼҸղû͵˵𣿡
˵ʱԱߵܼҿһۡ
ܼұһ۾Ϳû
Ա⣬ܼȷʵû˵ʲô顣
ǵͷ
˵Уɻߵ˶˺й¶լ顣
˵ܼҵͷ
תۼ䣬¶˳ݡ
ҲǼŲң֪ĸùǡ
ⲻҵķˣǰһʱǸŮʱ˵ŮѾˣŸϻؼС
ҷһ¾ַˡ
ע
ǲ֪ˣʲô顣
ˡ̾һ˵ջһ쵹ûʲô顣Ϊͳ׵ƽϢˣû뵽֮ȴ˹¡
˵ʮֵǳ֪ʲôʱʼ˯ʱ򣬾Ӥ
Զҵķ˽ӽ
һüͷӦǹӤ
˵׵ʲôùҪԸҵĹ֣һӵһ
˼ʱ˽˵⼸ҵķ˾ӤԿԽԽҷѾ˯ˡ
˵㹰һ˵ٴγ֡
˵仰֮Աߵܼʹһɫ
ܼˣϽ˿һһ̽ˡ
վǰϱߵĺ첼ҿ
ʱ򿴵зʮට㿴ôӣ۾ЩŹ⡣
ʱ۹㣬۶Ʋˣ΢΢¶Цݡ
Ҿ˵вӵˣֻҪӣĵõ֣Ϊá
뷨ɵþͰֿһЩѾԾռƣǿЩ㡣
һǸѣֻҪǵҼҽ⣬һл
ЦŵԱģһֻҪǸһɢ
ãȻһо鷳ˡ
˵ֶվһԵܼ˵һ£ŵҪʲôȥⷿãرҡ
˵֮㹰־뿪˿
ȵ뿪ܼ֮Һһϵ̷ϣӲ˲Լͷϵĺˮ
ܼҴһŶԱߵ˵ô죿
һ룬Ȼصȥ˵ҿһ
ܼһ⻰۾ǣһˣȻҪ˵ң㻹֪֪һǣ
㿴ܼҰ첻Ųѣͷһ£˼ĿԼһǷӦˣڹŴʱ״ǽɣԼ㿪ھҪ˵ңȷʵʧ
Ͻȵ֪Щʧ񣬵ǲȥô֪ԼǷʲôĽ䡣
ܼĻʮеȷʵ
ֻܼٴԵƬ̣ҴҵĳȥѰȥˡ
ܼˣɵλ֮ϣԱߵһڣȻͷ
ȻǺò裬Ȼһ˿ûƷʲôò裬ҲƷ
һأȵУ;ÿڳ㣬ǰںȵЩԵ
һߺŲ裬ֿʼһ˼ҳ顣
Ҫ˵ǹӤֻһΣǾһ쵽ʱӤϮ
֮󣬾ҲûǹӤϢ
һ˼ֳ˹飬ǲǺϴǸӤͬһ
ĻôӤӦɹ˵
ɹòôӤֳ˼
ⱳʲôڵ
˼ʱܼҴҴҵĽ˿
ԱѾӦˣլӣκεطȥ
˵ͷȻվ˵ǺãǾȥ˵Էһ
ܼ֮󣬼æǰߴ·ƹȣ˶ţܿ˺լ˵ǰ
һ͸оһĲƤϾȻһļƤ
ǰûйĸܡ
Ҳ͹չˣȴûĸܡ
ͬʱУȻȻģ;áϣûκεů⣬һ˿˿⡣
ԱߵܼһͲɵôһս
ǰ߾Ƿ˵ңҽȥһ׼׼ٽȥ١
ͷܼԱ㡣
ܼŽңһʹҴҵ˳˵׼ˣ
ܼң˷˵ҡ
һȿľǴһʮ㲵ĸˣԱվ׳ӣż˵
ЩȻŸֱȻһ񲻶һ
һ龰Щô£
ܼҼҲЩ˼ֻǿڽ͵֪ЩǹԽԽˣһ۾ЩôżӺͲ˵ڷ˵Ĵǰֻ˲ܹǿ˯ʱ
˵ͷе¶ˣ¹ֹ߷ֻ֣Ҫейκιֶ׽
ܼҴǷǰǸ˽ܵˣλһ汾µģһΪ˽ǹ޵顣
ŵ˵ķˣѹô͵˿㣬ͻȻͷһ´ǰ


021 ̽
㱻һôˣ
Ƿ˹֮󣬱ȣһߵĿһߵİ㣬ȣȾҰɣСÿ춼ʵܲˡ
Ҳ֪ô죬ϾڹŴʱŮܲףҲȥǸˡ
ֻܿаοǸˣһԱߵܼʹɫϽ취ߡ
ܼҲУ񼸸׳ʹɫЩǰǿнͻشϡ
һ˲ؽţһСֵһᡣҽվҪǻȻ޻ء
ڴϵ˵ķˣĻһЩ
Ѿ㿪ѯʵ˸Ҿ彲һġ
ϵķʻϾ¶˿־壬Ȼǿſ־壬϶˵ʱ䷢顣
ԴӼеŮ֮үͰҴҽ˻Ϊһжƽˣû뵽ڼ֮˯о丽ӤĿ
˵ʱλϵĿ־ɫԽԽء
տʼʱ⣬ʱһƣԽԽʱѾҵĴͷ
üͷʲô·
ԭȵʱǺ͹ӤһνһǸӤûô鷳ҪȡԼһôˣ
ѵεĹӤͬһ
ⲻܣΪʱҲûţֻҲڹ֪ʶ
ݸ鱨ʾӤȻʮֵ׺ͨҪǿࡣ
γȴǳѣҪȻγɣǵĶԹ
жεĹӤӦͬһ
Ȼͬһô·ôôĲ죿
ĻôӦʹŹӤ˷˱仯
һεʱɹʹӤɹõӦþֱֱȥǲӤֱӺԼ֡
һιӤȴֱҪȡ˷˵ǲͣĿôĥ
˿ڶγֵˣӦúλޡ
뵽֮󣬱վ֮ⷿĴߡ
ɲй䣬ڵԼĸо󣬲ͣĸӦܵĲͬ
ղûע⣬ȫӦͷһɵԴͷڷ֮⡣
ƾԼĸоƶڴߣеʧ
üͷΪʾڲլӦǻصʹԡ
ֻʹñ취ˣȻ޷ԴͷӤֻǷء
̾һ»һžͿϵǷڴſԼ
ЩΣ̾һ˵ǹڲլӦǶ˰
Ƿ˻ûпڣԱߵܼҾʹʧ˵ǲǾ޷ˣһ˿Ǻá
óܼʮֹķ˵İΣ
ҲǣӦþܼҵĺ̨ҪǷ˲ˣܼʧ̨λӦþͲˡ
ܼҲصģҿһ䣬˷ڷ˵Ĵͷɱ
ܼҲ˵ֻα겻α˽죬ǹﻹϮŷˣ
ܼģڷԷҵķ䣬ǹͲҽӽˣҾûк֮ǣȫĵĶԸǹ
ܼ¶Цݡ
ǺãҾŵһ¡
ܼ˵ʱϵЦҲʮֵʹޡ
ܼ֮󣬾ʹӻȡһѼ
ϻһŷ䣬ʩǰѼ
㽫ݸһԵܼңȻ˵ڷ˵Ĵͷɱκιֶܽ˵
ܼҽӹȥ˿ȻЩŰɵĿʵһͨļĿԵֵסǹ𣿡
㿴ܼҵĲΣҲòһ¡
ܼңҪСͨļǱƶʩ˷ֻҪڣ˵һСǶҲ˱ᡣ
˵ʮֵԺ˵ʵһܹʹõķ
Ҿεʵ飬ⷨʮֵľ޴ġ
ܼҵı֤һԵӽѼڷ˵Ĵͷ
ŽӹС˵Ĵߡ
ʱڴϱһƬֵ̿ķˣڼӽ֮ȻоһİȣͬʱҲоˣʱΥһů⡣
ȻŵĲᣬȴûгױɵһָо֪ѼĲȲغҹڴͷ㡣
ӱЩɣĴߴ٣ҲͲƴˣ˰˰εӣ˷˵Ĵͷ
ѼһҺã̾;ȣʱѵõһɾϮͷľƣı۾ڴϺ˯ˡ
ʱܼҺļӼ˯ˣһʱżͲ˵ڷ˵Ĵǰܹ۲졣
ԭʱֻҪǷһ˯ţǹӤض֣һαһ
һβ֪ڣʲôԭǹӤȻûг֡
˳һ
Ѿû£ܼҹ˵Ӧûʲô飬ϵʱ
ܼҼǣæ͵Ժ⡣
Ȼȥаȡ˹˫ַǰ
Ķˡ
㿴һ̵İҲûƴǣֱӾܼҸԼ׼һȻⲼڻб뿪ˡ
ܼһֱ͵˴ſڣֱ㲻Ӱתլȥˡ
˵صԼЩꡣ
ԼȻ׬Щӣһֱá
ҪôȥԼҪ˵˽˴ˡ
λҲϿôĻҲôĹ֡
֮ԼӦûЩǸϽЩӣ뿪Сط
һԼҪһߣһķ
ҲԶ˵ļ
ⶼԺ飬ǰҪĻϵһζ
ѾоһԸĲһӤйӤǸˡ
ڹӤȻа취ֻҪ׼׵Ӥ¡
㵣ĵǱˣǷķʱԼһӤҲܹӦʱһ񶷡
뵽ʱҲǾһľ
ǰִһʵʵˣڴԽ֪磬Ȼʼˡ
Ȼܹıһ˵˼롣
ǰִʱиĸɽеһжǸĸţʡʡ£²ܵϰߡ
ڹŴᣬûһܹһжԼɣ˲żǱ


022 ׼
͵øϽɻ
Դ磬ѾӴιȵ飬鲢ʮֵĽš
ԼԣźķıԼöͭӡ
Ҫ˵⻭ʲô˻ŷǶõġ
е˻˵صˣһȵ⣬塢˺òʧ
˻ĵҪҲһܹˡ
оǻĹߣȾҪī֭ī֭ͨī֮⣬ҪѪҺɰ
У߻ûɰҲˣֻѪҺˡ
Ҫ˵ī֭ѪҺΪãһǴӻߴŮӵѪҺ
һ֣˻Ǹ޵ѪҺ
Ҫ˵ڶѪҺƳɵīܸ֭ΪЩѪҺ֮ȻľͺһԸõǷ˳
Ҳɰ£һؾ׼ԼѪҺΪӣ䡣
һ룬ȻϹ˼£ˡ
ȻһҧһţԼʳָһС
ļѹʳָϼ˼Ѫεī֭С
ڽҪĹͷˣ˴˴㿪ʼ׼ʽ
ҪѡһԼҪķ䣬ȻԺзġ
ֱԾĿһӶ͵ʱ򣬲ſ±ʡ
һѡǣʦɷ
˷ΪɽʦʮŴһаɷǾӼУɱ˷Żıر
Ϊʲô֪شķ䣿ֻղѾ˵ĸط䡣
ʦɷһַǳǿķ䣬кŷǳһйֹﲻҲˡ
Ŀڤ룬Ϊͨ飬ɸӦĴڣȻͨ
ʱڤʦ
Ϊһ̵ӣڤʦõĻӦȽϴǷӦˣҲ֪ҶôģҲ
ͨ˵һ㣬ǰԼڱʼ֮ϣԻ
һЩǷȱˣ̫ҽּûֻй⡣
ҲǳñͨȻûҾŹ⼯еʼ֮ϡ
ߣһӶ͡
ⲢԼ츳׿տʼѧܹɹ
Ҫ㿪ʼʱ򣬺һٵϣеıʺҲһŷ䣬ϱˡ
㻭ɵʦɷԼһзǳĲͬ
Щ̤ʵղŵ龰ʮֵĿ־塣
ղ龰ǳԣһв֪ĴڣԼֻŷ䡣
ȥԼһδԽѵҲ˰ŵģ
ܿͰ˼׿ˣΪСûЩܵ뷨
ǳΪЩеӣֺγһأ
ͨվΪӣûǸ
뵽ƽһЩǽлһǾӡ
ӡҪݷĲͬͬ󣬸ǲͬӡ
ûֻڹʱʦ͵öӡ
ܵ˵öӡҲ㹻ʹõˡ
ȡϵͭӡӡվһ£Ȼдõķϡ
ʱö֪ı仯ɢһ
ܿռʮֵƽ
һ׳ֻ֮Щѡ
ϣһɸղŵ·
ܹʮöʦɷŰ֡
㲻໭Աʱ֮裬ֻðǡ
Ҫټȥ¾ǲֱӼҲڴһʱ䡣
ʱ䣬Լпʼ̫ҽּҪָһЩԼľ
ֱɫڣѾԷ˹ȥͶѾһٻʢ͡
֮㿪ʼʰϿһսҪǲǰװ׼ã»Ŀܡ
׼Ķ续ʮŷ䣬Լǰ÷ļ
оǣʱһֱڼֻľ
Ҫ˵Щ֮УҲֻľΪ޴ˡ
һľȻҲЩǶ΢һ֣þͷǳˣҪҵ˽м
ľķǴéɽһѧġ
㲢ûéɽɵͳУⷽҲǴӹѰҵġ
ŵķһ̳ľ̳ǰȻ䣺ľ񣬽˼Ѳ˺겻£Сɽɱ޴棬ɽ뷣ȻΡ
ÿУܹҪʮ죬ľǼɡ
˵Ĵ󲿷ʱ䶼ڼľҲʹľ˿Ҳһǿ۵ķˡ
ô׵ľһѷ⵹Ĺжߣֻ֪ķ̫࣬ÿһ̶ַǳƣȻơ
޵ˣֻҪǵõһ˿ķҪһصúܽ
Ҫõһ˿ķҪǿǱȵ컹ѣ
㽫еĶȫʰ֮󻹲ֿ꣬ʼл
һʽͱ˶׼ȫһЩһԷʲôķҪһҲͻ˶Էİ㡣
ֻ˫۽գʼĬȻּӽӡӡôȻĬԼŽ⡣
Σˡ
ʩչŽ䣬󲿷ʱҲǸԼһЩİο
һոʩչ˽䣬ʹӲ֪άȷһĹϡ
ʱи˿ķۿʱ״»ᾪĿɿڴ
Ϊڷ֮УѾǣȫһɫ񽫡
һ߸ո׼ãܼҾʹҴҵĽ
ѾܼҽЩŭΪ֪Ǽҵڽ׼һ磬Ҫϵʱȥ
±˵ȥˣһ붼Σա
ڶѾŭı飬ܼҿûпΪСֵ÷ϡ
ֱܼǰ˵׼ôˣ
Ц˵һ׼׵϶ȻҪ޻ء
˵ʱ¶һš
ܼĻǳĳһ
ʵһ磬ܼһֱ
ΪģֻΪ˷»ˣܼһֱ㡣
ڼţǰһЩ
ǺãϾͰеˡ
ҲܼҵĲܼҲصģڣȻ
˵ִ֮ӻȡһʦɷȻװģ˶Ȼŵݸܼҡ
Ƶķ䣬ֻܼҪǴϣκħֶҽ
ܼҽӹ䣬ЦݣȻСķԼǰء
л֮ҶȻүࡣ
ʱܼҺ¶˻ĵ΢ЦһоڲУ


023 ӤϮ
ܼҳһ·Уܿ˵լԺ
ڿУһμλˡ
λˣ˳ĳһ
ʱɰڲˣǸŮһӤȥҲɱˣͺЩִ򽻵ɡ
ϾͰˡ˽߼
ʩغ£Ȼƶҡ
˵ͷȻˣǾͰеˡһе¶Ͳլˡ
˵֮Ҳĸܣ־ʹҴҵ뿪˿
㵽ﻹףǱˣͲˣǳȥˡ
Ҳ֮飬˭ļһҲñܡ
վһԵܼңԶȥӰ¶ί񣬾һĹ͹һ»Լߡ
ϧڿҲûܿʧլ֮С
ûа취ˣֻܼ㱾ǿܰˡ
߰ɡܼ˵ʱ
ܼǰߴ·
ܼҵͷǰȥ˼ͣͷ˿ں㣬ֱԼֻһʱֿʼǰߡ
ں߿ܼҵҡҡͷһ˶Ӥŵòᡣ
լ˵Է⡣
ǽô죿
һ룬Ȼ˵⸽һСӣȶߣȵǹӤٳ
ܼҵͷæǰȥޣѷԱߵһŮõķӣ˳
ȻܼҺ˶棬͵ǹӤˡ
ʱƣɫԽԽֻϵķǣԺһƹⶼûˡ
Ŷ˯˵ʱͻȻڷ˷гһļС
һ°˯ȫɢˣһ´վ˴ߣϸš
ֻڷ˵һƬļ
ʱܼҲˣԣС˵⼸춼龰ҲǹӤֻĿ
һ룬ȻʵǷȴ˵ÿһ춼ܿǸӤ
ܼһ룬ҲЩͷ֪ô£ֻзһܿǸ
֮󣬾Щ֣⿴ȥ˭
ĽյĻ۽ˣҪԼҲԻ۽𾦣һӲԼ۾
Ҳܸɿˣһ̧žͰ߿Ȼֱ˵ҡ
߿˵ķţֱ֮ӵߣʱԷѾһţЩ׳͸żͲ˵ڷ˵ĴǰҺ
ȴһ˶ڴϣűӲָͣŸЩȥõ
һ֪˼һΪӵ˶ˣȻŵͿս
Ƿ˾ѾˣæغǹˣϿ춯֡
㿴һĿЦҵ붯֣Էʲôط֪ô졣
ɲ¶ԼĵףװгӣĶЩŲ˵Ůͣ˷˵Ĵǰ
ˣʲô
˼ˣȶһЩȻЩ־壬ǹҵĴǰ̽ͻȻǱʲôסĲҽУȻҴܡ
˵ͷȻ˵ڴͷǸˣӦǱҵķˡ
仰ʵʲôطָҿ
ĻǲĿ㣬ѵҲǸӤλ
Ҳһ˲뷨ܿͰעּеǹϣòָһ䣬˵Ǹ޾
˳ŷ˵ָȥȴʲôҲûп
ʲôҲҲĳЩʲôˣȻĻӰԼרҵ
ӱγľִӻȡʦɷǸ俿
û߼Ǵϵֿʼˡ
СģǸڿ㡣
㱻һ仰ŵûһ£æľһӡ
ľҲ֪ǲˣȻеǸӤ
ǹӤ͵͵Ŀ㣬Ȼһģû߼ͱľС
һǸӤ;ԼǱ̺һ̾;ʹ̣Ȼͷ˸Ľ
һأҲ
ӻȡһʦɷķȥ
׳ȥķֽûƽֽһƮƮһһǲ֪ķɿƮȥ
Ƿ·ʲôžͷųһĺ⡣
ȻǸӤ͸ӵˡ
ʦɷ˹ӤϣӤҲֳΡ
һӤϾ˳ⲻͷһʱϮԼǸ
֪Ѿȥɹʹģѵȥɹõļң
Ҳһ˲룬ڿɹ˲ЩȰСʰ˵ɡ
Сǰӻȡ˼ǰѼֱӾСȥˡ
һǳķô˵ĽԼܡ
ֻһͨļѾ̺˽Լһ˿
£ǱѾ˵ĹӤ̾ͱƮʱܹɢһ
㿴ӷǳ⣬ǾٽľٸӤӣӴʧ
ûе㶯֣ԶͷһӲɫľ
ľĿ㡣
ڵעӤϣټս鲻ḻûע⣬ľ
ľֱӾͽ
ľһӽ㣬ϲɫĹâԽӵҫۡ
ע⵽ɫĹâʱѾˣۿɫľҪ㡣
ʱϱһǰδеĽ⡣
ɢǰеľϵĲɫĹâ̱ѹƵûӰ
ǱٷľҲƮǰʱҲάֲסǰֱͦͦĵĽűߡ
Ǹ򣬱ѾشĹӤǴ˼ѪһͻȻµ
ֻǰһ𣬱㽫ϵǸʦɷˡ
ֳΣ˹
ϴһոսӽ壬ֱ⵲ס
Ӥһ䣬̾ͷĺ
⹦ľٹͷֱӾӤϡ
һֱӰӤҳԶ
Ҳŵһ亹ôһգ۵Ĺ򣬱ѾȲʤȯԼȻܵ͵ϮԼ׼˽⻤䣬½Ҫɥˡ


024 
ҳȥĹӤںҲ֪һʹǽڳԺ⡣
㿴֪ӤҪܣܹӦҪˣԺһ͵Ϯ
Լٶߵ죬ɿĳţԺҪӤϾɱ
ԸΥոճԺеʱͻȻһɺǺһͣػҪ굽֮С
ҿн䣬ҫ۵ĹâЩȫ֮⣬ʹ䲻¡
ⳡҲһ
Ҳ˲ʰǸӤˣľͣǺȥ
ȻľÿһζǺľĻǺҲϡһ֡
㿴ԼľźЧǻӵø𾢶ˣܹʮĹǺϡʣһ˿
һ˿ĺôκˡ
ֻҪһ֣ͣǺԼһһ
ЩˣһͲǺöҪһֱԼԣ»д󻼡
ڣҲ˲ˣֱӾʹӻȡ˼ʦɷźȥ
ʦɷһӽͺ鳲һȫķɵùȥȻϷų˺⡣
ǻһµĹͰ޷ĺȫķյĸɸɾ
һڲйתǸӤ
һѰңѾҲǸӤӰˡ
ĹѾˡ
ЩɥΪԼѧ˼ӦӤһֲ֪ûô򵥡
ʱûжܼңСģڳԣʵôǸǲѾˣ
תͷԱܼεЩεӣ˵ڱʹղԶҵĲ裬Ӥˡ
ܼĻϾͱɫˣٻǿǺã
ɵ취ȻĻһһˣӤͻȻ͵Ϯǿô죿
ĻΪȻһССĹӤ̡
תһ룬Ӥʹģ˵˼ʱȹָӵݡһĿֹܳӤ͵Ϯ
һ룬Ȼ˵¿ûô򵥣ȵүʵ˵ܲҳʲô취׽¡
ܼһæ˸׼һͷܹϢ
լ˼ӤѾҲǳһ⼸һڹӤˣֱſ뿪㣬ǹӤˣǲˣںҹ˯Ⱦˡ
˴ҹܹ˯ˣԴһմͷͻ˯ȥ
ȵڶ֮۾ѾߵźϴѱϣȻֳһٷǳʢ͡
ܼ֮ҲŽĿͷ
ʳأܼҽЩΣλܼҿῨʱ䣬Լճ극ˡ
ܼȴı飬ǰ˵үѾˣڿ֮йĴݡ
û취Ͼ˼ҵǮֻܸܼǰȥˡ
̧һ޾ɣۻһȦĺӰû˯á
Եܼң޾ɣʹϽǰѡ
үˡ
ʱ˲ѹҡҡЩƵͷŸϽվ㹰˵ˣһֱļû˯ãҪ֡
үӿˡ
ڿ֮˫
ʵܼ˵ȻǸӤߣȴûг׽⣬ô¶
̾˿Ȼ˵ƶʵû뵽ӤȻָʹ˷ȻƶشȻ޷ֹӤߡ
ǵǽô죿
һ룬ֻǽӤǱӵȻʱʱǰɧţһνĺá
үӤԭɹСǵȥɹõլӾ忴һﵽ׷ʲô¡
ĻЩ죬ʵô֪Сɹйأ
Щڣôô죬ɹйϸ˵˳
ˣԼֻǼһЩ˵ģ˵һ˵ʡɹ
ү֪ҸոסĵϣɹþӤǰȥϮңҵı£ӤȻý
˴һתէ͸ûϵɹõʱΪʲôҪϮ
תʱλǰլеǸŮѵΪɹòŻģɹӤǰȥϮ
ԽԽеǰһʱֵǸŮ·Ҳˣɹõ̳Լ鷳ġ
ǽɹͻȻɥҲпǰɹöԼ֣طҪɹõ
ԽԽеڿ񣬱ǰӵˡ
ǰ˵У㲻һЩµĵʿˣȴһˣȻϢľҪɹõôȻҲܹϢҪԼ
˾ڱԼǿʱԼ˵һȻĳݡ
Щ֮󣬾Ͷ㹧˵ãһС£ʱǰڹٸǱߵ飬ȻҴ㣬صġ
ͷôղײգǾȥɹõլﵽʲôŹ֡
ȻҲϣĽһվŵܼңһǰȥ֡
˵İ£ܼҴ㣬һʱ֮󵽴˸ڴɹõļС
ȵ³֮ѾЩˣҲ֪˭ˣֻһյļӡ
üͷӦǸĴ̰СˣɹüѾûˣ԰õĶԼȥˡ
ܼҵĵɹõļſҲΧһȺµ˺ʹ帾
һ£ܼҵĶ˵ȥһʣ⼸ûİǰɹõļң
ܼһ̾ᣬйԼԵǸϳĳ򣬶˼䡣
ѳܼҵķԸ̾ͿȺΧŵĴ
⳵ȻҵҲǵײ˳ЩͨĴйͬ⣬ûмĹǾĵȻˡ
һ⳵²»صܼҵԣĶֹ˼䡣


025 
ܼ˳Ļһ񣬿ǵõʲôϢ
ȻܼҺܿԣĶ˵ǰһĺɹõļУʱѯǺ˵ɹõԶݡ
üȻ˵ǾΪһ仰˽ɹõļң
ܼҺߺߵЦһ£ôܣɹڸʮֵлЩĴ׼Ծأôñһ
·ΪɣϳȥˣӴԺҲû˼
üͷΣǸǰ׵ˣôô׷
ȲЩȽɹõļп˵
ߣǽȥɹüʲôŹ֡
˵֮͵ɹõԺȥܼҽں
Ƚɹüеݣһͷд󲿷ּҾѾˣ빩ŵĲ֪ʲôȴõı档
ЩҲЩɻ䣬Ұ֮Ķ
Ǻ£ȴû˼ɣ߽ǰȥϸĿ˿ϹǺˡ
һˣԭ빩ŵǺ̡
֣ұʣ֪һɡ
ڽ⹩صĲ鿴ҪϱҳһЩ
ʧڹϳǸλԼ¯֮⣬ʲôûС
㵽ȫʧˣֻȥпһûʲô
ɹõķһȦһƫƧСз﹩ŵͨơ
ϾˣɹΪʲôСЩķ
ӦǴͨõġ
ΪʲôȥǸɣĿУȻҲ࣬ȴʮͨԣȻȥЩаʱΪǣʱȱĶӵа
Ȼаķö˵طҲܷӺܴ
뷨֮Ȼ䲻С￪ʼĴķߡ
ô󣬳м乩֮ͨ⣬һĿȻ
ڷһһĶڣ㿴ϣ
ڴ¹һ£ڹ߻谵ºģʲôҲ
йܼѯʵضȥ鿴ûУ
ԴܼȻǲģ˽Ͷλȥѯʡ
û೤ʱ䣬ǳʹŴ»ˡ
ܼңҸղѯĴ˵Ѿȥ߷ǳĶǾͲٹˡ
֮۾һĻɹʲôؼҲͲˡ
˸׼һյ͵ƣȻ˳һԱߵµ˵ض֮С
ȵһһɴ̱ǵĶ˱Ƕôֱü
㻹ǿţеĵĴա
ԭڵµضѾڳһСģ
ڵض±ߣ߰ĶһЩżܿһڰڵ˹ǡ
ֲЩĿһ¾ˣطǶɭʮս˵ĸй١
ӵϼһľʼǶзҡ
˴ʧ϶һЩ˺ܳʱľϱĳصһġ
̾˿һԼҪ޹ˡ
ʧİеİһӣϿ뿪طΪطʵ̫ˡ
еİӲڵϵվס˽Ų
Ϊطǳ࣬ƽʱĳ
شӦһն
֮ҲͲżȥˣߵشá
淢ˡտաһȻŶ
ֿʼϻˣȰϱߵĸߵʱڵϳһľͷĸӡ
Ľľڵ£һĶڡ
ɹûϸȻһס
һӵ˶УǴӶصӦòǺ
һӰе͵Ƶȥڵ͵ƲûϨ˵±߿ǿԡ
һ֮Ÿµض¡
µصף͵·ǰתһʱһηһҡ
¶ЦݣΪ֮аһӣӸһܡ
͵֮ǰգϱߵ鲢࣬Ҵ󲿷ֵֶܹͨ鼮
Դ˷ǳʧΪҵˣҲֻһЩͨĻɫ
̾һӱߣһƨԱߵϣţһ޹ˡ
ɥʱͻȻǰЩ֣澹ȻƽҪһЩ
̾˾ΧӣģҲûзеİء
ʵǲģӻȡöļʼñӡ
ŴļֻɣͨļӼ¾ͶˣѼģƽļҪӲ࣬ǿİӲɼ롣
һȴһġ
㷢˰֮󣬸ӵ˷ܣµľͰȲ˼꣬淢һ
ó˽ڵ´µĿһ¡
㿴ļ־ǡ¼
㷭˷Ȼ߶ЩݵķС䣬ʬķ
ЩֻһⱾ¼󷽣ˡ񷨡
㷢񷨵ʱ򣬾һ𣬲ʱҲûⱾľ
ǳʧ񷨵ĽܣֻҪţܹͨӣԸγɷ˵ϡ
ȫͺ˵еһá
㻹һ룬ǾⱾܹʵ֣ôصִȥʱǲҲͨ񷨣ʹԼִҲܹ档
Ȼ˵ûоȴ¼ϡ
ΪĹӦòʲôĹĻһҲ֪¡
Լʧ֮ռһ飬ֲûʲôֵԼעĶˡ
֮˳˵˵档
ʱԱߵŵܼѾЩżˣټȥһ
ʱˡ
ɹܼһ㣬ǰһץʵô±ûʲô
ҡҡͷ˵ºѾˣҪĶѾӰ
ܼ֮ʮֵʧҪǲҵĻ֣һֱڰţһ붼Ƥ
ȴˣĵļοܼҲ̫ż±ҵһؼϱ֮ƾⷨҲʱСȻĻ֮˶
֮Ըô˵ҲΪղ±ߵʱѾ¿СķϱÿҪѪιĽܡ
ΪСͨҲ׶ˣǾСһᣬǱҲܴܵ˺


026 л
ܼҴɹ»ص˵լ
һֱû뿪ǻˣæ˽ӭ˽
˼֮ǻȻֱ
ȥɹʲôûУ
үɹùǸӤѾӰɹõкҲȥ
ĻһԵܼҿȥ
ܼҲϽͷ˵ү˵ĲܵĴˣһĺѯʹɹõļҡ
üͷ
Լ˶ˡ
֮Ǹô죿
һ룬¹Ƕ²ܳ׽⣬ӦðĻʹ˸ҳ
үƶ֮ү֣һûİһιӤ¼ָʹġ
˵ͷ˵ǶóˣƾԼҵǮӦúҵ
ն˵
ֻ֮ԸܼңǵֶȥͬʱĴ϶˵һһҪ˸ҵ
үȥԸ
˷Ըܼңֶһŵ˵ǵǸ᲻
һ룬Ȼشƶլǹǲġ
Ļͷȴǣ±ϿҲÿ춼λԼլﵱԺɡ
һת⡣
вУڹ뿪ҵĸۡȵϵʱ͵͵Ǳլӡ
һԷĻˣʲô˼
ջɳ²֡
ֻҪԼһ뿪˵⣬ǹʮа˾ŽһԼڰҪʱ֣ȫ
ү֮ƣҽ͵͵Ļ
ĵͷȻһԵܼ˵ϻһ£ڰӦȻڷ˵ԱǱţǸﻹҲ
ǣү
Ƕ˽ϵķԡ
Ҳ͹ָˡ
һΣԴ˰͵լߡ
ʱ뿪ܶ˶
ҪľЧ
ص֮ϾͰԼ˷УóǱɹôõؼȻϸĹĦ
һؿľСһΡ
Ϊ˽ϵж׼
С֮ûп֮辶
Ȿϸķңҵ˾л귨
ַԭȵʱΪС߻꣬Դġ
ǵ˺аħ˸ĽΪרž˻ǵаŷ
һؾҪлСʱסȻĻʹˡ
ǻ˼žлȻ׼һֻɾĴƿ
׼ְ֮Ǿл䱳˼飬Ҫжʱó飬ǾЩˡ
׼ĲʱѾʱͶѾһټ򵥵緹ְ֮Լ
ȵϣ죬ѾѾ˯ˣ͵͵ĴӷгȻҲţǴΧǽϴ˹ȥˡ
ǰһ˶ߵΧǽҲֻǽ̾Դ̫ҽּгɣȻ˵࣬Ƕһ˶ߵǽͷ˵ȴѲ
۲һ£ֻܾĵûŷģ˳ǽ˵լš
ͲǽˣԭȵԼںŴá
ű㿪һ죬ȻܼҵԴ
һ㣬ҲԾͰִһЩ
һʹŷ֮˽ȥ
Ҳ˵ںڰĬĬǰУܿ˷˵Էǰ
һҲ˵ԺˣߵһСš
һֱ侲ĻУȵ˺ҹ
Ϊǹﲻ˵ʱͻȻڷ˵ԷдһļС
ܼһ࿴һۣȻҲ˵˷ɿĳ˲񷿣һ·˷˵СԺǰ
һ̧žͰСԺŸ߿ˣȻһڵԺС
ԺܼҾ˵ķкȵǹˣ
ʱԷ֮УѾߺӵĺ˷
ܼҵҵĹһһһغǹˣ˷˵Ĵͷﵷء
ԭµֻļһֱ˷˵Ĵͷûժ
һȻˣҲܽ﷢ﵷ
ʱһд˳ˡ
ܼҲЩˣæһԵ˵춯֡
˵ͷȴӻȥһƿȻο˴ƿϵĸӣ־š
㿪ʼտտƿͻ鱾壬ǻۻ꣬׵ǣڵͨѪƵԽȥ´룬ᣬ϶ǡǣ̫Ͼ
֮󣬱˵ķһĲҽУžһ̹ӷзɳ۶ȻŵĿմƿС
ҵæƿĸӷãȻȡ˾л˴ƿϡ
˹һոշǴƿͿʼͣĶҪ롣
㼱æս˴ƿȻ󲻵òʼһ߳ڶ~ڭ
ȵ֮ƿеĶŽֹͣ
һȻһԵܼ˵ʩӦþ⸽һɵľڣϿɳѰҡ
ܼķԸҵǰȥûж೤ʱ䣬˵ĸۡͿʼС
һĹ˵ļű㳨žмʮ׳ȥ
⻹㣬ĿɽͣҲصĵ軧ѾųͷѵȣӶΧסˡ
һɽͿ˵ͭǽڣκһ˶׵Ĵ뿪
ڵȴûʲôˣ˰˿һ᷿֮Ϣ
Źһʱһһ߶
ûж೤һʱ䣬ܼҾ˷ܵÿķš
ץסˣץסˡ
˷ܾ֪һǿץסˡ
⼸Ĺûа׷ѣǰ쵰ץסˡ
Ҳˣץסͺã֪үΰţ
үѾǰˣص
ãȻˣǾȥһһǷô๦ˡ
˵仰֮󣬾͵ͷȥܼҼæں߸ϡ
һ·ܼǲͣܣһץס˵ģ˵ķǳ˷ܡ


027 ȥ
ǰֻǵƻͨվżʮҶ
ˣΣ
±߹һģˣ˱廨Ա߻վδ󺺡
ȥ
һ񣬸Ͻվǰס㣬ȻЦݵ˵ضһ»ҪлȫĻҲ֮ܽͷ󻼡
Цݲϣʱ䣬˸ѹҲǳһƲɢˣҲȻĿʡ
Է㣬ԱߵλϣȻŻص룬ж
֮ϾͲЦݣɭʵµǸˣĳʺԩ޳Ϊʲôʹаһң
ǹ±ߵˣѾñףȻʮֵǿӲ
ޣ޳ܵ϶Һƺձ׽סҪɱҪУϤ㡣ʮһһúҪ㸴𡣡
֮ϵŭ
ߣ֪ޣǲ֪үֻۡ
˵֮󣬾Ͷ±ߵܼʩһɫ
ܼϾ˼±ߵһ֣̾ʹ׳ǰڵأžһٵƤޡ
ȻĲҽвϣһĵֶû˵
Աŵ㣬˻ЩҲЩ
ȴûпڣΪ֪ԼҲûʲôãڵ˶˿˵֮ǣԼ΢ᣬʲôá
ֹһһ֣Щ̵ļҶ˵ԡ
ô˵˵
ǵµ֮ó޵۹⿴ˣ˵ãȻ֪Ҿͺ˵һ˵Ҳڳλһɥĵ¡
˵ЩŲ·ƶ䲻˵ʻûʲô֮£ҵҪһʲôɥĵ¶
ߺߣôģ
һ㶣Ȼ˵ҵңȻ͵ˣ๼ǵҶ˵ùȥ
ƥ㻹˵ҺãмǮǿȢȥֽ㲻졣
֮󣬿׵ΪʲôͻȻˣԭǺ͵µ˽顣
˵տʼʱ˻ֻǱŭлЩǵĻ˵˸ԼñӣһŻֱš
Ҵ򣬺ݺݵĴ򡣡
µЩҶķ˻ҲԥˣűӲͣĳˡ
˸տʼʱҧţʵǳŲסˣشĿʼС
ȴû֣ôϱߵƤȻһϡ
ȴ˽аʱʵǼֲסʼˡ
һԵҲЩ֮ģվ˹˵үϨ֮ŭһѧõķָܹʹСһˣҲЩ
ĻϸϸһҲҪûбָʹôᶮʹа
һ֣ЩҶ˵ԡ
ϱʵǴʲôطѧаģǲǱʹ
ǵµѾܲˣʣǱͲһһһʮĶ˵ˡ
ԭɹõԶֶӣɹûкˣҲûгɼңԶֶʮֵĿء
˶ĿȾ֮ҲһЩаֻѧЩصԱɹҪԶˡ
ɹƵӤҲˣƵĸкƱǰͱɹ֣ͨ͵͵Ĵʬȡ˳Ȼ˹Ӥ
ɹΪʲôʹƸеĺӣǻ˵⺢ӺôɹЩѪԵϵطС֮ɹܹɵָʹ
ƵҲɹȡߣ׼ɹĸӷһùĸСܴ󼸱
ԸΥǹĸԹ̫أұУȻʱɹõĿơ
˼ңҪɱ˵ķˡ
еǷӹˣ˵Ĵص֪ݣļҲõһ˿ӡ
ʹ˲ɥҪ㼰ʱϵҲʱˣһ˱ĥˣᱻơ
֮ҾͶˣøŮңԵɺ֮ײŮ͵˵ظͶ̥ת
˺ɹֲ֪˭ķɥȻ֪С飬ˣ͵͵ٰҹɹõļңСȡ˳
Ȼһ֪Ŀع֮ʼһұ
ǰ췢顣
֮󣬱ʮֵĸпϵŭҲʱգ
û뵽Ȼ飬Ҫң˵һ飬Ҳķϣһ
ʱһ꣬ΪȥƸеֵ
һûʲôˣһԵܼ˵Ҹ򿴿ˣȻ͵ٸȥɡ
ܼҸϽĴӦ
ѾˣȻ˵Щǿ˵˼ŹһҲͷˡ
㹰ָǡ
Ҳûٷˣֻﹰ֣˵ߣͲȥ͵ˡ
֪飬ǸϽ˵ү͸ˡ
ֶһԵܼ˵׼һӣ͵ľ
ǣү
ҪԼһӣӵˣһأԼǰǰٶӡ
ЩڹŴɲһСĿҪ˵ҲʮĶˡ
Цݵٴθлˣ뿪
￴뿪֮󣬰ڰ˰ȥ
ʼնû˵ǸͲ˷
һᣬܼһ裬͵˵ֱߡ
үò衣
˼ǰѾûбˣٴα豭ݺݵĺһڣȻֱӾͰѱϡ
С˵ﵽҵͷˡ
˶ԼñӵˣȻǹڻ
վһԵܼ۾һתʵүȥ˹ٸа˿ﲻѽ֪үʲôţ
ɭ۾ܼһ£Ȼҧгݵ˵ͷкҪܡ
ܼ֮˵˼
ղ˽͵ȥһΪ˲ǰ¶ԼĵϸһҲ˴Ӵ֮
ʱűҪܡ
Уȥһ鵽Ǹһˣɹ÷㣬ҪûˣǸҲԺЩ߰顣


028 
˵뿪˵լӣص
ոշǽͼѾĴŵơ
Ժ˵һ䣬ϵĲ˯ʲôأ
һ仰Ѿķ̱ƿŶѾͷһܵԣĸ첲Ͳˡ
㵽ʲôطȥˣղſˡ
ôˣ
ղӶͣ˺ץȥķ㣬ķûˡ
Ѿ˵ʱίգȺĴ۾⿴㣬ʲô캦һ
Щ˼ˣǺˣ˭ҲߣҪϼӱܣŶѾ
˺ˣҲԣԺҳȥʱһк
ѾǸˣ¶һ˿Цݣץֱ۵ȴûһ˿ķɡ
ˣѾûˣҲˣ԰ȥ˯ˣʲô˵
ѾķԸķſĸ첲ȻһͷĻصԼȥˡ
վԺֱѾطŹغ֮ŻԼķ䣬͵ơ
ȻӻȡǸιӤĴƿɫղôˡ
ԭ֮ûӤҪĿӤԼ£ԺʲôҲǲӤȥ졣
ǸղǸˣȴû˵Ӥ̳ĵط˵ǰеµݳֵģȻǲ˼ѯаħֶΡ
ҲӤʱƮƶɢϾӤǵõԼϣҲһķˡ
ڵ˰죬Ϊ˲ҹζ࣬ϾٴγȥһΣӤ̳ҵ
֮̾ͻһ·ϵĵȫˣһӼҵ·
ȻϨ͵ƣ俿ڴϣϸš
ղŵһ֣ɽѾѻȸˣҶѾȥ˯ˡ
ֵһۿɫҪװǸӤĴƿ͵͵Ŀţһηǽ뿪
һ뿪ӵĽˣһֱӰǰͬʱע۲컳ǹӤĶ
תһȦҲûзֻйӤʲôЩż˻ûҵǸǻ̳Լ¾Ҫǰˡ
תһתȻǻ̳ڴУһڴ
һģӿٶȥ
һصոճ˶ڣû೤ʱ䣬ͷֻеĹӤʼͣĲʮֵ˷ܡ
һȻţ¶һЩЦݣȻ˳ŹӤĸӦܿһ﷢һССļ̳
̳ϣһĻɫ̳ӣ±߹һЩ
һ̳ӱߣеǸӤӵ˷ˣзѹӤͱĳ̳ˡ
֪һԼҶˣǰȥɫ̳ӱڻС
㽫̳ӱڻУǸӤʼƽǵõʲôοһ
ҲҵˣɿԼסȥ
ҿϴһҹЩ˶ڼвû˳֪ĻصԼԷС
֮󣬽е̳ϣȻִӻȡǸСƿ
ͰѴƿϵŷȻ򿪴ƿƿڡ
ƿڱ򿪵һ˲䣬񿴵һӰƿðû̳С
Цſ̳ⶫִܹġ
Ȼصִ֮½࣬ô˵ҲķִƾӤܹݺһ
ڶ죬㻹ڱвأű㱻õ졣
û뵽ñסԼͷ˯
һеĶѾȴܲˣ۾·Ȼ˵ĳ˷ţǰ
˭ѽĻò˯ˡ
ңϿ쿪š
ѾһܼҵŵϾˣϽš
Ÿոմ򿪣ܼҾȲĽˣһŵǶѾӰǱʵأ
Ѿͷ˵֮󣬺ܿ˯ˣӦǻû𴲡
ܼ֮ЩգԼһҹû˯һֱæڣӣû뵽Ȼ˯ڻ𴲡
ȥҴһߣ˵Ҫ¡
ʵܼʲôҪ飬ӣͣûʲô
ȴôҪöѾ
ѾȻǲԸ⣬ȴΥܼҵ˼ֻСŲǰһģȻС˵ܼˡ
Ѿ˼߶ûлվںߵܼңĶЩЦˡ
Ӵ˭
˵仰ܼ֮ķǰѶѾקһߣֿ̧ʼš
쿪ѽҪ¡
ʱ˯ţŷ죬һܼҵΪֳʲô飬Ҳ䣬˴
Ȼ˼·ʹ˷š
ʲô¶ѵйûʰꣿ
ȴûеõ㶨һֻܼұŸЦеվ
ϾˣԼǱԷˣˣûذһأʼʰ·
´ϵۣʰһδ˷ţŶܼ˵ȥ˵ɡ
˵֮󣬱ͷȥ
˽һ㣬үϵ㣬Ȼһߵ¡
ܼҲ«ưү֮ԱߣȻϵİһһơ
һӣүһ͹
㽫ԼԣһһȻǼɢŰ׹
㿴ӣЦݡ
ô˼үԴ󴦣ͶҶаģһСôõŸôӣ
ô˵ץŰȴԽԽˡ
ڶܼһĳЦҲûкһʶ
мũȥɻʱ򣬷һɵĵط
һҲЦݣʵô¶
ڸ﷢һС̳ϱ߼ݵĶȴˡ
һ֪Щ˷ǸݵĹӤ̳ˡ
ϱû̳𣿡
̳
װСǸ̳ӣҲСķʬ壬ҲСĹǻҡ
⵹ûз֣Ҫ𣿡
ǰҪҲûʲôµˡ
һ
ǸСûбշ˾̳ͨа¿СΪá
ܼҲһô죿
صģСѾշǸ̳ҲûʲôˣʱƣС̳ʱԽԽֻǻɢ


029 ۷
ܼһ
ʱ䣬һֱֵָаܼҲǳԲ˯ãȥ¾ûˡ
ܼҽеɻξ͸ˡ
ֻܼͳţ»ȥһֱͣɢɢ
ʱ÷ǳĽţ̫ҽּǽħͨ˵Ƚ֡
Ҫ鶼ˣܹһʱˡ
˵£ִһˡ
Ǳߴ˼ͼͨ˸Ȼֻͱõ³磬硣
ΪʲôϲأҲԭġ
ִᣬֻһᶾĿ棬Ϊ棬òһٵʿ
ȴȫĲͬһеĸߵʮܸĳ羴Ȼоǳ㡣
˼ֹ¿ˡ
˼ҵ飬ѾĴǶ֪һǿĵʿǰﲻ
սʢûжôĿģΪУԼܿͻ뿪СطǾӪٺãҲǸ¡
ںٴ飬ЩС¶˶Ѿ
ѾֻǱָ˼죬ڴѾģˡ
˶𾴵ĳƶѾΪСɹá
Ϊ˺ԭȵǸɹֿĻֱӾͽɹˡ
ѾҲʮֵڵ龰ԭֻһ˴СѾͷһ׵Ĳôţʮֵļįʵ
ھͲһˣߵﶼ˵ά
ΪѾʮľӪ˵Ǿҵҵ
ˣѹԼϲ飬Ϊġ
֮󣬾ͿʼܽʱԼĲ㣬һܽŷԼһ㣬Ǿǿ֡
Ȼ̫ҾּһЩУǼ˼ǶԹӶ
ԼΣҪҵЩħ֣»ҪѺܴĹܵǵ͵Ϯ
뷨֮㿪ʼֻѰһܹķ
ֻڹ޵ʮַḻ˺ܳʱ䣬ҵǿܴﵽԼĿĵķ
˵ڿյһСˮӣٷϲУֱһ߽ǰɿľ
һʪͷϣǽǱ߿Ӿµĵط
ҹʱѵ£ؿڷһʱ䣬ڵİԱʧ飬ɼꡣ
ڵ¶ˮռסڲɼ⣬֮ͿĨϣɼһʱ䡣
Щʱʵģֻ˿СǳĲ⡣
ΪҪõһķܹʱۣʹ
ǿЩֵķҵַܹڵĿۡ
һַΪ򵥣Ǿǻѻ۾
ַҲƵģϾҲҪ֧ŵģһͨûзۣ֮ĵľľ
ͨ˵зǳ𺦣ҲΪʲô۵ԭ
һ־ͨͷ䣬ĶԼ˫ۣʹӵп
ַа
аҪʲôΪֻҪ¸ģǸģܹɹ
ɹ֮ߵһֻ۾½ĶֻģĿһĹӰ
ַȻǲܹõģɲΪ۶Ϲӡ
˵Ͽ˵ˣľȻῪۣʱϿɹ۹¿ɹ۵ظ
ѡķȻٶһЩȴԺκε鷳
׹Ĵ̾ǰʮ֧ÿʱͣķλ
վǰһ֧㣬Ŀ۲ͷ⣬ȻĬھ֮ûӶŶ룬˫ǻ
ַɲԭȵǼٶȿ죬ҪʱĶ
㷴Ҳţ˾Ͱַʼ
ַǳµģһʱûеõκε洦
鷳ȴ˹
һոۣȥȱˮ
Ѿʱ򣬷Žˡ
Ͽȥɣϴˡ
ѾȻ˵أ㿴ɫȴʮֵ˷ܣ۾ģͲðˡ
տʼЩģڿѾӷƽ
׷ʲô£˵
Ѿ͵仰أһʣ̾˵㲻֪ǴľƵ˹¡
˵仰Ѿô۾㣬Ǳ˵ѽѽ
кЦѾȻСˣȻһӡ
Ҳ˳˶Ѿ˼ʵŶʲô¶
ѾϾ˷㲻֪Ǿƹݵľƣÿ춼͵ߺܴһǾƹݵǮϰ嶼ûˡ
ҡҡͷ˵ʲô¡˾ƾ͵ȥҹٸѽʲôģ
ǲ֪ǮϰѾˣٸ˲鿴һ¾ˣ»ˣ˵²ǹܣǮϰһаĿܲá
Щˡ
ѵƹľǱ͵ˣ
ǣǣǾƹݵϰ˵ھƿһҹڰҹʱͿ̳еľƾյʧڵؿлֵ
оĥˣնѾ˵˼пǹ
Ҳ˼ȥˣȴÿ͵ơ
Ѿľ˵̧֮ͷСĵĿ˿㣬Ȼ˵ǸƵǮϰҵˣʰ
Ѿ˵֮͵͵ĴӻȡһӣȻõݸ㡣
Ǯϰҵġ
㿴ŶѾеһСӣûнӡ
Ȼ˼ǸģŰɡ
ѾһĻЩ˼Ť˰죬Ű·Ż˻С
һ룬ȻԶѾ˵Ȼ˼ͷϣ¾ȥɡ
Ѿ֮ɫ䣬ֻһƽСŮȻ˼ҳһСɹãأԼʲôᣬϹֻֿǶԶԶġ
㿴˶ѾĵģͷȻЦ˵صģʱ䣬ҲÿǸӤ̳𣿡
ʱǳķæҪ̫ҽּҪ۷˾ûй˵չǸոյõĹӤ
ӤҲҪÿĻԾͻʧҲ󽵡
Ͱ½˶Ѿϡ
Щ죬ѾÿǰȥǹӤ㣬䣬ӤԺ


030 Ѿĳж
ѣѾʱԼĹ¡
ʱڹǹӤʱ򣬾һСŮЦҲһСŮˣ
˵ʱ򣬶Ѿɫʼò԰ҲоеΡ
ϸһ룬Ӧһ¡
ҲѾǳǲôҲܹоһЩ֣ھʱļݣܹСӤϵҲġ
ãóõöѾҲȻĻԼˣȻһͨ˵ĻԺˡ
ŶѾͷ˵ûʲôҪģӦǸСӤϲ㡣ˣԺ󲻱غ£˳ȻˣǸӤǾ˺ġ
ѾİοһдµģǾƭġ
㰲Ϊ˶ѾֽŷԸȻǸǮϰϣʹŹӤȥľƵһΡԹӤӦú׾Ǹ͵ƺȵС
˵ʱ룬ѾԼǰһͿ֣ȥ֮ҲΪ顣
ֽŶԶѾ˵ȥ˼ҵţȡһЩţᣬȻ󴢴ڴƿ֮УȥǾƵ꣬ţ۾Уʱ֣Ҳܷʩ
Ѿ֮Ǽ˷Щԥ
˷ܵʱ䣬һֱ㣬Ҳ֪һЩֺͷ飬ԼҲлˣв˷ǲй
ѾϾһСŮһҪǰ׽Ҫ˵ﲻ£Ҳƭ˵ġ
Ҳ˶ѾеЦ˵ʲôµģСӤ̳ȥʲôħСӤ㴦ˡ
Ѿ֮뿪һֵģƵϡ
ѾʱһŻ㲻š
һѾӻǰŶѾ˵Сɹãô˵
ѾȻЩ˵ʱȴֵʮֵ򶨡
ѾҼҵ˵ˣҼҵʱ̫æûʱ䴦С¡
˶ѾĻʧҪٵȥԼСƵ¾͵ùˡ
Ͼÿʧ̳ƣСƵ˵Ƿǳһʧ
ѾĻλƵϰ忴һ˿ϣ
ǵСӪҲף˾Ҵǰȥ͵ƹ
˵ʱ򣬶ѾСظͦø߸ߵģ϶ǵ⣬Ҳղǰĺɫˡ
ǾƵǮϰѾô˵۾һϾѹ´һ¶Ѿ
ֻСѾͷȻʱԵĻ㲻ҲЩӣϾһСŮȥ
ѾԷ̾ͱ˺ˣǮϰǿԼѽ
Ǯϰ壬ɱСҿǵ˵洫ЩСͲϡ
˵ʱ򣬶ѾſкݺݵĻһȭͷ־ǰƵġ
ǮϰҲΣֻŶѾˡ
ѾУӦͻˣϾǾƵСҪǴ˶ѾСģҲϵĳˡ
ðɣСɹʲôʱܹȥҵľƵꣿ
Ѿһ룬ϻҪյ˼ȥ˼ҵţǲˣǰϰ˵ҵ׼һ£ϰɡ
ãСɹá
Ѿֵ֮ĵͷ
ǮϰεѾ֣뿪
ȵǮϰ뿪֮󣬶Ѿ̾ͻָСŮӣĲ﹩ǸСӤ
ѾӤĹǰһȸϣȻԱߵϣ̳쿪ˡ
СѾͷҪȥ׽ˣʱȥҪѽ
Ѿո˵仰оͺһЦžһѧ
ȻѾԷ˵ʲôȴܹ֪Է⡣
СӤڸ߶Ѿصģʱһж
ǰѾָо֮󻹻һЩǸղǣСӤкøУԲźöѾѾûԭȵĿ־塣
Ǿô˵ˣһҪýѽ
Ѿ仰˵ִ꣬һǳȷ֪СӤƱأκε顣
ѾСӤֽһŷĵ뿪
ȵʱ򣬶Ѿţһܵ˼ңǰȥܼҡ
ܼ˵ѾҪЩţᣬȻǲ⣬һӴ֣Ͱ±ߵȥţѾк
ȵϣʱ֣ѾһŸƿţ
Ҫ˵ţҲǷ֣һţƽᡣһţɱǰĻں֮ᡣ
Ҫ˵Ȼǵڶܸ󣬲ţԹһǲõġ
ڶѾȡþţ˯ʱᡣ
ȻֻǿһĴŵӣʤƽͣûʲôΣ
һȡţᣬʮֵ˳ܼǰк˿ţҲܶѾֶ
öѾǳ׵ľȡСƿţᡣ
ڶһ죬ѾЩĲɣЩ˷Щ¡
ȵϵʱǮϰȻӶѾ
ѾǮϰԵȣȥ֮УСӤ̳ڻУȻȥķиǡ
ڵĶѾѾʱǮϰܵӣֻк¡
㿴ŶѾ֪ӦøһЩοˣȻĻСѾͷҲ·Ͼͻܻ
ѾԴЦ˵ǶѾǳ츳ʱþֺ͹Ӥ˽Ҷûа취ģһȥһɹ
ѾĿ佱Щ˼ˣ̳Ť˰졣
ִӻȡһɷ˶ѾϣȻ˵ŷźáڣκħֶ
ѾĻСĵĽӹŷ䣬ȻķԼ·
ˣȥɡ
Ѿİοķ䣬ԾԼѾˣŹǻְ̳ͦص뿪
ȵߣǸǮϰѾЩżˣڵתȦء
Ѿԣֵ˵Ѿ׼ˣǿˡ
ǮϰѾһղŻΪλ̷ˣȥء
ǮϰСɹôӦˣЦڵǰ˵һξ鷳Сɹˡ
˵ŻǮϰȥѾеǹӤ̳
ǶѾһתͱܹǮϰ֣Ȼ˵ⶫðɡ
Ǯϰֻεջ֣Ȼǰߴ·
ѾǮϰ뿪غţһ·ȥɽΨһСƵꡣ


031 
ڶѾǮϰ뿪֮ȴųˡ
˵ʵڶѾĵһж㻹ЩģĸŹȥѾһ˳Ȼ¶棬Ѿʲô˵飬Ҳó档
ں߸ŶѾǣ˾ƹΧȻһԾһӵķ￴±߶Ѿôж
˵ѾǮϰƵꡣ
ڵСƵһƬĺڰѾûκεһˡ
Դӳֹ֮󣬾ƵĻƣ˵ʲôҲҹˡ
Ȼ˵Ǯϰ忪˼ļǮȻûһԸ
⻹С£Ϊֹ鴫÷зǮϰľƵһǧɡ
һϣǮϰľƵĺ͹һ˸ҽӽˡ
Ǯϰ˾ƵŴţȻǰһյ͵ƣȻŶѾƽѡ
Ǯϰ嶼ǰˡ
СɹãСľƽѣǹ¾ͷ
Ѿƽ￴һֻۣģԼԼЩƸ߷š
˵ʵѾҲֱġ
ĵģһƬžʱںڰоһڳ
ѽѾΪѾܰܶˣѾǴŮˣһֱԼοԼҪ¡
ǮϰĻװӻش˵Ĺ־Ǿƽг֣ϲ᲻˰ɣ
Сɹ÷ģСÿ춼͵ƺȣһġ
Ѿ˵ͷȻȻȥɣҵϢ
ǮϰͰͲ뿪ˣڵ˶ѾĻ˵ǾСɹˣҾȻȥˡ
˵仰ǮϰǱʲô׷һɿ뿪СƵꡣ
ȵǮϰ岻ӰѾһӾͿ
ղŵȫĶˣֻʣСŮԺڰĿ־塣
Ѿŵ飬ܿͱбŵĹӤˡ
Ѿ˺ܿһЦ߾ͲͣĴ˰ο
Ѿ֪ôģ;һİȣҲղôˡ
ѾһȻ͵С߽˾ƽ֮УȻһȻ͵ơ
ʱȥɫøӵĻҰ
ڽĶѾѾЩ˯ˡ
ʱͻȻһӾͽ˽
ھƽγһС硣ͣһƸ״
νʱ򣬶ѾϾ˹
⵹ǶѾʲô£ĶߴǸӤѡ
ѾںڰŬ۾ǰȴȻһƬڰʲôҲ
ʱ򣬶ѾƸ׵ĸӷһž˵ϡ
Ѿŵһ飬ȻĶߵĹӤͣİοǶڵһĶѾȻǱŵһë
ʱڷϵֱԴѾƽͦѽôһ˹ؼʱ̾͵ӣ
ﴧŵţǸʲôģڻϿϣȻùӤЩ͵Ƶľƹһݵġ
ڶѾѾЩźͿˣˮĴ۾ͣƣҪģ
ʱǾƸľһˮһͻȻķɳ˾ƸףȻʧ˰ա
Ѿ龰۾ϴŵĶһܲˡ
⼫ȵľ֮УѾָһЩǡ
ֻͻȻ˻УȡռţᣬȻ󲻹߶ʮһԼ۾еȥ
ţεѾ۾Уֻһžһ΢ɬʹ
Ѿûнгһһ۾
һ۾ԭȴͬ
ǰ綼ɻɵģǸһɴ
ɵУһֶŤĺӰھƸ׸ǻ
ѾʱŬԼ۾ҪӰľò
һжͽ͵ģ۾öܵĺ赲ߣܹʶ硣
ڷϵ㣬ҲֵӰ
Ҳ۷ʱ̣ܶӰͶѾеûʲôҲǻɵġ
˿Щ֮⣬㻹ԼϷһĽ⣬⽫ܵĺſһЩ
ڽҫķΧڣеﶼһ
һﲻɵó˼
ЩԶŵǣǲҲӵģ
ֻڽҫķΧڣʵһ档
˼ʱԶĶѾ׳ŵӴӺڰ˳ǺӰʲô˼
ڳھеĺӰѾĺУһ㶣ȻʲôֵһһӾѾ
Ѿûо飬Էܹ˵
еǸ̳ȴ˷Ӧ
ѾоͿһ̹̳з˳ȻǸӰײ˹ȥ
ǺӰʮֵۿҪ̹ײУȻ˸Ȧ㿪̹ĳ
Ӱڰ¶Ρ
ֻԭһɫҰףһ鸡Ĺ
Ұ׵ףŶѾмľ룬ﲻͣı任ģ
кüɵһһˣһֱˣŮӵӡ
Ѿ龰ŵǻ
ûлж̹⣬ȴʱ˶Ѿļͷϡ
ԭһװֵСޣСȴͨӤбϵĲͬ
ֻͨ죬ѿ¶ּϸݣֵָϵָҲǷǳϬ
֮⣬СӤںһܵ
Ǹͣ任ģĶŶѾϵǸСӤ¶˾ȵı顣
ѾﾹȻٹˣϾ
߾ʶĸϿҹȻĻôʰ㡣
ǸﲢûǶѾвֻıԽԽʧС
ѾʧˣΪˣؿڣԼϵСޡ
ʱӤ۾ҲÿһĿԡ
˵ʵڵĶѾҲЩ¡
ӤһЦȻסѾԴϲ˲䡣
öѾ׷
һһﻥʱܵԽԽŨ֮¶Ҳʼ½
ѾԸоԾˣæ˺͹ӤĻŹӤܾš
ʱĹӤ֪ѾʲôͻȻһХЩϾҪɢѾԵĺȻһХˡ
ӤһʹӶѾУ˵ϡ
ʲôϿѾӤڵϣʲô£æк
ǹӤһβûѾһһһȥ
ܵڹӤʼǰʱ͵һȥ
һ㣬ʼɿת
תķԽԽ󣬰ؽеľ̳Ӷεһѡ
ѾҲЩվȣֻץԱߵһſ򣬷Ļ»ᱻ紵ߡ


032 ջķ
Ȼ͵ƵĹ﷢ǶСӤ˵ȴûκεӰ졣
ֻȻᶨһһԷȥ
СӤĽӽǸﷴԽԽȵСӤֻ岽ʱǹѾֳΣܵķҲȫֹͣˡ
վȲ֪ǰҲ֪ˣǱʲôһ
ڷϵ㣬ҲüͷǰӤû͡
ԭȾֱ£ϮԼʱʹóԼ졣
±ߵĹӤѾĽӽǸȻһֻССֱۣץǸ塣
ʹһǹܵ˾޴ĥһʼĲҽС
ﱾѾʱ壬ȻʼƮ
СӤʱѾȫıס˶ԷȻ˳ŶԷš
СӤÿһ£Էʹһ֣ȵҽ֮ڶ֮Դȥס
Ӥڵ˶Էͷ­
ʱĹӤſݵͣŶԷԴͿȥ
ֻôһӶԷԴ˰ض֮ҲͲںˣ㶵վ
СӤﵱʳһһڣһĹ򣬾ͰȫĳԹˡ
СӤ֮ƲƲ죬Ȼ˶ѾļͷȻԴ˲䡣
ֱ򣬶Ѿѹղŷ飬Ŀɿڴ
ȫû뵽ôɰСӤȻײУôһֻȻڸˡ
СӤѾˣѾһǱʰˡ
ѾѾҳһŵľƽѣЩüͷôƵϰ彻ѽ
ѾԼͷϵСӤȻ̾˿˵ԺҪסҪϿ֣㿴һˣһôණҲҪġ
СûѾĻһȻͷԴŶѾ¶Цݡ
㿴֪ѾûʲôΣˣǰ뿪˸ȥˡ
ǵڶͲģһֻѾڿʰԺء
ѾѾˣæеɨ㣬ȥȵϴˮһһǰ
ˣϴϴԷɡ
ЦŵͷȻԺ￪ʼϴ
ȵϴϣԺеʯѾں͡
һ߳ż򵥵ͣһЦʵôˣǸƹʰûУ
Ѿվǰ£̾Цݣʼüɫϵ顣
֮УҪӢ䣬ΣָСӤǸ͵Ƶľƹ
СӤҪá
һһǾͲɵ¶΢ЦѾˣܹҽħˡ
ѾĿ佱Щ˼ͻȻԼȥһ»ʱѾһ
ǾƵϰ
ӹһԭ߷ŵӣԼһЩĲƥ
㿴֮һص뻹⣬Ƶϰ廹Ǻܴ󷽵ġ
ջӣȻʣµĶѾһơ
ʣµⲻӦϰлģ°ɡ
Ѿ֮۾һǽƽ˵ôԣһζСӤʵûгʲôġ
Ѿ˵Щ˼صͷ
ЦЦȻ˵ô˵ûгأÿ춼ҪСӤ㣬Ҫ䣬øǿ׳һزܹҿǶѾһسࡣ
ѾĻ̧ͷգȵĴ۾ɻѵÿҲǳ
Ѿ㿴ѽҪû䣬ڵĹӤ»ûлָôһ򲻹ƹΪÿ㣬Ӥ㿴ĹͿġ
ѾʲôϵЦݷǳĲãÿڿ㣬ȡСӤˣܹ
ھƵ֮ԽԽ
سǵˣҲǧĸϵ
ɴ˲ĽǣԽԽࡣ
һһܽ룬ֹǮ˶ʮӡ
ʱԵʿԽԽˡ
ԼȻ磬ֻһµĹ򣬾͵ٶӡЩӻñҲǮˡ
Ȼ¸¿ܲô룬ǿСӣ¸µǮӦûһЩ
˵Լһ²ҲٵһǮ
ټִǱ߸ԼĹʣִҲǸˡ
ǰڹ򹤣Ҫǿ֪ٱȥ
ĽһʱȫȻԼЩӸøʲô
˵ҪǻñңԼڻҪôǮЩҪЩģһҪһС֪ôӣһ˳ǣԼ
һİЩӻȥЩء
ΪڹŴһʱ䣬ֲͨĴѾˣʱ͵ۣд
סҲ֪ʲôԭû
ص飬ȴУҲû·
һ磬˶Ѿغ֮󣬾Ƶ߳ǰ˵լš
˴ſڣǿŵС˼ǰĴк
첻ԽԽˡ
֪С˵ĹάֲЦˣļԡ
ҪҼүǿɲˣҼүոսسǡ
Ҳүģһܼңͨһ
ǺõŷϢһ£ҽȥȥ
СˣڵĽõŷ֮УȻͷɿ߱ȥˡ
һյĹŷʹܼĽŲ㱻ܼЦŽš
ʲôˣ
ҲϽЦкԽԽƤˡ
ܼǰһץ˵ߣǵ˵ȥ
Ȼլȥ
תӰڣԱߵһܼƽﴦġ
˷ҲֱӾܼƽŽϡ
ܼҲĶ棬ЦʵڿǸæˣÿôҪӴôйң
㲻ԷĴȤһ㣬ȷʵ¡
ܼ˵£̾
գգ۾Ȼ˵ⲻǰһʱү˲ǮҲһЩǮ׼ЩǮóðһЩء
ܼ֮¶ֵЦݡ
óԼصġ
Ҫ˵Ǳ飬ܼһһܹɣȴֵġ
ЩܼյأǾǷḻˡ


033 ݺ
ȻܼϣܼҰڸʮĶĵأ
ܼҺ㴦һʱ䣬˫ĹϵҲǺҲܹ˵ϻˡ
ܼҶڵĴӦ
ͣһͣȻʵЩأԼ£ǹ£
ЩĪʲôͬ𣿡
ܼЦҡҡͷϣǲʮ־ͨġ
ܼҲûȸͣվſ򸽽˿ûбˣ»ߣǰ
˵ûĵĻסȨүģ£һүʲôò
⻰̾ͱɫû뵽ôһ˵
ΪҸǺã
ûǼڵԼºá
ܼ˵ʱ̾һȻ˵ҿǸбµģһ᳤ʱСׯһȥĵطʱЩؿȥôһҲЩ롣
֮ĵͷǺãֵģЩؾͼҵ°ɡ
ܼЦЦȻ˵ɲһ׵¶Ҫж𣿡
һܼʵЩ㶡
ʱڹŴʮֵ⣬ѾˣڹŴһûݵĺڻˡ
ܼҿ㷢㶵Ӿ֪ôˣҲ֮еġ
οҲҪ̫ģȻȥ⼸Ҹ취
֮ĸл֮ĸˡ
ܼҽͳ˸ţԶȥ»صլ
һֱӾŶȥſߵӴ˸к˵Ҫˡ
ӿɲҵܼңæȥͨһ߾ʹܼҽȥػ
ܼһСѾߵĴ˷ס
Ȼٴαߴ֮Ÿһν
ܼҽ˷ţֻ˵ˡˣڴǰһǶš
ܼҼæȥ񣺡Сģˡ
λ˺ڲŷܼҽһİһԣȻ˵ղǰݷãʲô𣿡
λڶĸйʮֵĺá
ҪΪͷ˼µ飬ǽˡ
Ҫ֪Ǹƣ˹Ҳûйλб£֪Ҫܶĥء
طˣһЩӣҪЩأҰæ
ţǰǼҴæģЩСܰǾ͵þ
˵ǣСҲôΪģ
ʲô
ոɽȻһı£ȴûж뺣˻ûݣҲûء
ҵʲô¶ѽǸɡ
˵¶һЩ΢ЦһֱҪ㣬ûлᣬܹһ˿ˡ
ܼѾڵĴӦŷ
ΪܼҷǳһȨĲˣķˡ
Ҫ˵˿ɲһ򵥵ǳڸҡ
ˣΪоȹ˵ֳҲܽȢؼС
ΪȢˣ˵ҵŷɻڴһĺ
˺˵ĶӣҲǿֳİģص֪ġ
Ļ˾ףҲͳƷ١
֮һټܼҡ
һμ棬˾ͽֽݵǰ
ǸĶ뺣ҵһ⡣
ܼҽӹһϱǹٸŵĶ뺣±һʮĶص
ܼҿЩԾû뵽˻ֱʡ
˵뺵飬ʮĶؾˡ
֮ԻĹҲΪбµģһħֲʱе磬бµĵԵûдġ
˭֪Լ᲻ħ֣ҾԼϣһҪڸǵֹ£Ҳи˿԰ġ
˵̾һȻ˵ұ뽫Ҳһתģȥ˷ţȴķԡҲ֪һʲôŽģļ
ȥһһʮ˵һ飬ʾǸûá
ܼʵҲʮֵɻԴҵʱѾˣʱķ¡
˶Ա鶼ԲʣǶȴʮֵŽ
оԭܼݵԭҲ
˺ˣӻܼȥˡ
ȵֻʣԼ˵ʱԱվŵһſ˵
ˣ˵үʲô˼
˲ûϵĻشֻüͷ˳˼
˼޸ˣֻΪһЩȴ֣֪ܡ
ҲǼ̽˶ȴصʮϽ
ô˶ǹҶ
һ̽һüĿˣ˵Ӧúйϵ
»żǸбµʲôӡ
ԼѰ˿
˵ڼɹ˵ܼ˸Ķ뿪լҴҵȥˡ
ǰʱ򣬷ǳ֣ǰﲻſڣʳС̯ӡ
ܼҽţͼڴſڣһŮͽǩء
Ҫ˵ǩ¿һҵ
Ҳ˵ϵϰһͰǩ
һǰͽͿʲˡ
ҪǩôҪǮġ
Ȼûй涨ĿǴҲҪһЩ͡ĻһٵĻ߰Ǯ
ҲҪǩˡ
㿴ʵѵģҲ᲻շġ
˵ǩı£Ƕϵġ
ʱҲûа׳Է֮ҲǿģоСǩⱾ顣
Ϊ̫ҽּʮֵķġ
վԶܼңæһͨȵʱ˲ǰǰ˵Ǻ¡ġҿűسҲʲôˡ
ûÿܼһۣȻ򿪳룬ջװһԼС
ܼվһԿֱð⡣
ӣһӡһջɲˡ
Լ˵ܼңһҲֻʮǮټһЩɫ룬ҲǲԶˡ
ڵܼҶаΪʦһѧ֮Լһ۵뷨ˡ


034 
ܼԼķ䣬ȻԵ˱ˮݵǰ
ǲ飬üĿˣ
ܼҾ֪һżѯʡǴӻȡһֽӣƵǰ
ӹһ߷żֽϱߵһĶ뺣±ߵʮĶص
㿴ЩϵЦݾҲֹסˣ˸
ܼҿ㣬ŶɵЦҲ飬һһеˣͻȻΪв׼ܲ
˺һŻָվڵܼһ
ֵİģҼˣԺʲôҪСܵĵطܿڡ
ܼô㣬ҪָڼôϵЦҲǲʱ֡
ϣܼҿɲһ˰ѹͶˡĻ÷֪˿ûùӳԡ
ؿҲҵĹͣ˷һ԰ģҪȻĻҲô졣
˻˵İææ˵ֻȥ˵л
˵֮վԼһԣȡŷ
Ȼȡһֽϸİá
һ֮󣬲Žֽ͵ܼҵǰ
Իķʦɷ˷ܼһĹ̾ͻữΪҽְ͵һСС⡣
ܼҿ֪ڽǹӤʱһǹӤ̱Ĳҽ
ܼҲվ֣صĽ˹ȥ
ģһȥ֮ͽˡ
ͱЩˡ
ǸܼѽҸղſǷݵʮĶϵЩ֣֪ܻܲҼ¡
ܼҿŤı飬ЩЦ
ʲôãҲСһ㣬Ǿ̫ˡ
ƬǷ͸ģطġ
֮Щ˼ˣ˵ô˼
ܼЦЦȻ˵Ҫ治˼ͰһǼ͸һ
ܼ֮ô˵Ϊһ͸һáµļ
رǺѼ˴ãλ˾ͰǰѼҹͣعԼĴͷ
ż¹ȥѼ˴⣬ԭոµļѾ⼣߰ߣۿžҪȫʴˡ
ɵҲ֪ѼܿҪʧȥˡ
˲ûߴҪ飬ҲܼţҪֺ÷ˡ
һܼҵҪûдһ˵Ƕ飿ھ
ã֪ǷңʶʶĸС
֣ҪȻûʲôϵġ
˵仰֮һƣ˵ҵ
˵ܼ֮
Ѿһָżͽ㡣
Ѿһæ˼ͽǰʵǲʲôҪ죿
͵ˣȥͽͳȥȻš
ѾķԸ̴ӦһȻͽԺеͽ
ڶѾһСŮƽͽ÷ǳã˶ͻȻͽûй
ܿ죬Ѿͽ˶˳ȥȻرţԡ
е˶˳ȥ
㻹˵ͷȻѾԴ˵㲻Ǻѧ𣿽Ҿͽһġ
ʱѾڽӴһЩ飬ڷʮֵ
˼εǰԼһаʽȻдӦȴûнĶѾʮֵơ
ڶѾڿϽˣһ춼ѵԱȥˡ
㿴ɵЦҡҡͷ
оͿʼ׼Ĺߡ
ȱһѼⶫԴһʩչ֮󣬾׼߰˰ﱸš
ǻĹߣīֽ⣬Щ˵ҪľǾѪҺȾī֭
Щʱ侭ͱ࣬Ҳõġ
ǿ̳ˡ
һεʱʩչûоǷ֮ܲδȫöͭӡ
˵һλ÷ʩչ
̳ⷨϹĸǣｵͨʹһͨļӵнԼһ
ڿʼǰرѾͻСûпʼҪʩչҵͭӡڷϸ¡
ѾԱĵͷ
һѼڷ̳֮ϣȻ󹩷㡣
֮Ϳʼˣߵߣͭͷβ飬ʯͯȥδߣɽʯ͸ǳ϶ǡǣ̫Ͼ
顣
֮ſʼ
ȵãʹȥͭӡӡ࣬Ȼصĸ˷ϡ
ʱԱվŵܼҺͶѾ񿴵ǷųһĽ⣬յ۾
ҲһţǷĻָͨʽ
Żõķ˼ϡ
˵Ҳ֣ûзʲôճڼ֮ϾȻεġ
ˣķˡ
Ǽ֣صصݵܼҵС
ûȥ÷˹ڴͷұκιֶҽӽˡ
ܼҸղż㻯ڽӵֻǧء
ܼ֣صһŸǡ
ȵܼͳţ»صҪʰʱȴѾöͭӡվİ档
ЦߵѾԣôϲɣ
ѾĿΪҪ͸ǰͷĺСһ
ǽʧģһֱͭӡȡ˹
ҵıⶫܵõɵġ
Ѿô˵۾ɵôû뵽ӵöͭӡΪɡ
ҲֻͣǸúõúõĿ飬һҲܸһö
֮ô˵ΪڵĵȼǲԸڹġ
Ϊ˸Ѿһ룬ͬʱҲΪ˱ԼڶѾи߸ϵĵλ
˵ԼĵȼȹһʱԼصִʦһЩ¸Լһ¹λôһжˡ
Ѿı֤ܻܿ͵һǰ
¡
ǵģѾʶ֡
Ҳ飬ڹŴʶֵ˾Ͳ࣬οѾһŮ
ܸԱ˷ӣѾǶˣ˵ˡ
㿴ŶѾ֪ı飬ҲĸжǱĴǰʼ̶Ѿ֡
һʼɰһѾļʵ̫ˣֻҪ̹ģѾļס
ҪǵѧϰʱԣͿصѧˣҲٵʿ


035 
ʱ̶ѾֵĹУš
һξֹ˰µʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ڰ͡
һˣľӵۣǰУ˽һ¡
ͨӵҲһ£ΪҲҪ֧ŵģͨûзֻ͸֧˻
һͨ˲ܹȫĿԼۣҲǳŵġ
һͲͣҪ֧ţһͨ˵ֱԼ۲硣
һɵۣǷ۵һ֣ܹĿϡ
ֻǸոɹ۲绹Ƚģ˵һۿȥͨ͸Ϲͥ¿ظ
ҲǳĽˡ
Ϊ۽𾦷ǰࡣ
վʱͿת޻۽𾦷
һ˷ɢʳʱ򣬶ѾͻȻɿ˹
һǰȲ˵ˣϿȥɡ
㿴ܵͷǺӣЦЦżʲô¸˵˵
˵֮ʹӻȡһڶѾͷϲ˲Ȼ֣ȥ
Ѿһ߸㣬һ˵ľ
ԭسһ̽в֪ʲô£˵ЩֶΣԴسǸϵس¡
֮Ҳô⣬Ķˣöسǵ˶Ľǰݷá
ȵǰʱֻѾͣ
ԱվˣЩһĻ㲻ٱµͨ˴Ҫãɫ󣬿ƽԵҲ
Ȼһûд˼ĺҲͷһˣ˳ŵʱų
һȻǮģȻԼһؿɾͲ׵ķŹһҪݺݵһʡ
Ͼ͹ЦݣȻŶѾ
ԺվһˣԱ߻Ѿڷš
һѾһʿ֪ԼҪҵˡ
ǰľһȻſʵ棬
ϽĻ񣬡ţ׼ϣ꼣ʩ
ҲϽȻԱš
æ
ͷȻ˵ﲻ˵ĵطǽ˵ɡ
˵֮󣬾ʹ˽˿
ѾҲϽĸ衣
ĲҶ͹ģƽʱ㻹úȣֻ˿˵ʱ򣬶Ѿ׼
ģ͵ĲҶǳĺŶͲČ˿ܹʶġ
Ժһڲ裬ŽʵʩԶ֪кιɡ
̾һȻ˵гЩ£ҹðŵǿ롣
֮󣬲û̻شֻĥˡ
Ǹ֮ңеһ٣˼ҳ˹£һʲôµ¡
ĻЩ˼໤һĹָͲýֻкĹܹ
㻹Ǿô£Ļ˺ùԼҲȥ
ǻ빫ӰľԣҲǰ׼
֮Щ˼ͷ˰죬˵ʵҲǰһ¡д˱Ӧ
֮̾Ͱľϸϸ˵һ顣
ԭسҲǺһȥµıʱ򣬷һŮʮֵ
Ͷ˼ʼԸɵĽӽλŮӣһǵ֡
ȻŮεȥĸԼȢȥȴΪŮֻµѾͷ䲻ԸͲͬ⡣
ֻǸŮһЩǮľŮԶϵ
֪λŮӾȻУ֮һӤȻĸ׸֪ˣλ˼ҲǸƢʱűӾͶŮһٵı
Ůܲ˱޴һ͵͵ıź˳ܵļſڣ
ҲǸĹεģȻûдӦŮӵҪ
Ůںﱧź޺һҹ˫˫
Ůӵĸ֪ˣϾ͸浽˹ٸҿﻹЩǮƣ´㣬ǰ¸ƽˡ
飬붼е¡
ԭһڸ׵Ĳٰ³ףڳ׵ĵ죬õľȻ»ӣǸѾȥŮӣ»ӾȻڲԶĻ԰ϵˡ
һӾֵǷ꣬سе˶֪ˣһЩϵټǮʹõλһӲ֮֡
֮ԽԽòԾ⿴ԼǱˡ
ĸָ࿴һϾҪףֹˣһһԼйϵڲȥˡ
һбµķʦݻ
ڸһʶƼļλʦЩҡײƭ֮ˡ
ЩˣͲţ˵˼ҳĹ£ͬһʿˣġ
˵ͷҲ˵ģȻֻ˼ңȴҡ
˼ңҵķʦôв
ˣŴسǰ漸ʮҵɽΪݻ
֮һᣬģģû뵽Ҳһӻӡ
Щżһεɰŵòᣬһٷûô׽ˡ
վͨһǰ֪Լأδȴ޹ģһΣΪҵ飬һһοҲȣ
ȻǳĬԩ긴֮»¡
һԼ֪£˼ҵ飬Լ
һҪٹ飬Լͺʹ˵еЩûʲôˡ
һֱĬ֪飬۾һתҧһţ˵ҼһѱǴ˵нܽҵǳҾͰѱϡ
һֻֻ۵㣬۾
飬ǶԷȻıҪ֪ȻҲ޵֮ˣǸոţڽɵҲʮֵĺ档
һ룬Ȼ˵ȻнɵıһħֶΪʲôң
εЦЦȻ˵ѱϴģһֱ˵ǽɵǴʲô졣
Ĺ˼ҪһûõġɽȡԼ֡


036 س
ȴ⡰ɽȤ
Ȼô˵ӦѱЩǲǽɵ佣ӦҲǷԼ÷Ҳһı
Ȼ׼鷳£ҲôŹ
˴£ŮǰǿиԤ²𣬶ҲΥ
˵ʱ㲻ˡ
͸˴򽻵һ֪Ѿɶ
̿˵ϳ֣ԸϰҽǼ洫ıҲ͸
¶΢Ц
Ӳħұı֣ѾˣǸҲǣ޹ˣҾҪøӦ
һӦˣЦݡ
վҳ׵ӣ֪ʲôʱܹǰسǡ
ĿϾ˵Ȳ
ҲûƴǣֱӾ˵Ȼˣ̣㿴Σ
ǣһжİš
ͷȻͶһԵĶѾ˵λϹ׼һͷ
㺰˼飬ѾȻվŲʡ
תͷȥһֻѾ죬ߵӡ
һϾˣѾԼѽ
ûа취ֻվ԰ڿͷס£ˣǾͲܸˡ
ȵһаź֮˴ֻѾʱվﲻֹͣ
սȥһԭѾǸãѾûдԼ
һѾ˾һŷѾվˣ̾ͨ졣
ڿ룬Ѿ֡
ѾڻأָͲǡ
ֻǿ˵ѾҸ˵˵һصĵ
ѾŲ鲻ԸأŲԡ
öѾӺЦȥԴ֪ѾһƲͷ֣Ťһߡ
ҡҡͷȻ˵ǲǾŮ
Ѿʻ̧ͷȴѾ۾Ѿͨ졣
¶ԶѾĴ̼ǺܴģӦǾŮӺͬũҵŮ⸻۸ˡ
ѾѽԺҪסԩͷծǣ޹
ŮȻǿֻȻ޻˵
һΣȴûǺһ޹˵ʲô
˵˵ĶԲԣ
ѾʻԴһ룬ȻŲ鲻Ը̧ͷ˵ĲԣӦȥǸ޹ˡ
ѽҲΪʲôҴӦǸԭ򡣡
ѾЩͷһ룬Ȼ̧ͷʵ˼ҵô£ʱΪʲôҪӦ
һϾͱǺ޻˵
˼ҵ飬ȷʵЩġ
Ҳֲ㣬ʱͲйһףΪƭ˼ҵǮ
ʱƣ֪ϻйڣǸ£ҲĳǸŮ
Ƿ£еƵֱƿãŮֻأҲȫˡ
˵ʱԼȷʵЩ飬Ȼ͵͵ĿԱߵĶѾһ¡
ʱѾҲÿĿһԣ̾İƲһߡ
ڶѾûм׷ȥ¾ôܹȥˡ
ڶһ磬׼һЩȻǱ˶ѾسǶȥ
һ·ʮֵĳƣһȻӦʵҲ˽ĵģҲĿľΪ˵õǴ˵нɵ佣
һ·ϣԼ̰Ҳʮֵıӡ
ʮ·̣ܿ͹ȥˣȵʱ֣Ѿسǡ
سſڵʱ򿪳ϸĹۿ
һʮֵʧԭǰسǣΰɾ
ֻǽǽʮֵƾɣкܶطѾ̮ļ
سſվŵģҲǼľĺӧǹǶɢվš
ûȤٿȥˣ³ڳĿ
һͣǵ˵Ѿˡ
۾Ȼ
̧ͷۿǰլӣһ֪ʲôǸ˼ҡ
Ȼ㲻֪լȴж󣬵ǹ⿴ͱµ˼ǿ˼
ڵĽӴ£˿֮С
һѾڵȺˣܣ֪ĸס
֮˷еĲ豭˵һεҲ֪ˡһҪ󻼡
һ룬Ȼʵǲ֪˼ʲô
ųһ󺮹⣬Ȼն˵ȥŮӵķǰĻԶĹС
֮ϾͲˣĻǸŮӿɾͲˣ˵ó
Щˣ˵£ҲûйϣܹɸΪ񲯡
˼ƣҲֻܷŻ˵ǲ֪Ҫô¡
ȵӳɻһ죬ûʲôаͣˣǸҾͽȻֱֻأΪΡ
֮ȻЩã»Ҫ㣬Ҳֻܰŭ
Ȼˣô͵ˡ
˵仰֮˾͹ˡ
վһԵЩ˼ˣ׸ղ˵˼仰ߣȷʵЩʧ
ҲʼԹԼĸˣϵѽҲʱ˼أ˼˦ɫһģùĻǡ
ϽǰЦ˵˼Ƣã
ﲻÿɷĵͷ
ӣ֪Щ۾һתԱߵĹܼҽйĶߵ˵˼仰
һǹܼҾһ̣ϱ߷һεĶҴҵĻص˿
ܼһˣЦ˵Ҽ洫ıЦɡ
֮ǰת˹ǹܼŵĶһۡ
һۿɲͨĹѾۡ
һʮֵʧΪУѱֻһѰͨͨ佣ûκεϡ֮
ȴ֪龰ǰǱȡȻ˫ֵݵǰ
Ȼ˵ѾʧˣǱ˵ݹĶҲֻòԵĽС
һӣȴȴһԭ⽣ʮֵᡣ
аĹһ£ѱʿһﶼ
ЩˣѱǸĻôô᣿


037 
㷢Σ̲̾סѱγ˽ʡ
ѱڽеʱۣһγǺ䡣
ⱦһʵĵʱ;úë֮
ʱѾ϶ѱһǷ
ղԼ֮ûз⣬Ϊ⽣ҲͨĶ
㽫»ʣǺ̾ռ
ӿ϶ԼĲ²⣬ѱӦһ׵ģñء
վԱߵ¶ЦݣԼһǶĶˡ
Ȼ̧ͷ˵ѽƶˣ鲻صģƶڣȻƽ
ı֤ĵĻϲкܼң׼ͷͬʱ׼Ϸḻիˡ
ź֮ųһȻԼĸȥˡ
Ժ˸׵鷿ֻĸ׳һء
˼ˣһʵĶҵҰʿء
Ͻȥش𣬡ףɲǷˣǰµʱ򣬿ɽ͵ҳ˹£ġ
ɽĻĬƬ̣Ȼ˵ĻǵʿӦЩ¡
˽ž˵ʿҲðǼҵ洫ɣ˶Щӡ
ףڶЩеĸ˶ӦòϣҲֻЩϡŹֵĶܴǡ
֮ЩԸȻô˵ǶϾ洫ģҲЩϡ棬ôôԵڣ
֮ȻܷȴΪȻ
ЩԼֻǸŪûҪ˵ĿӣͳȥЩ顣
Ҳûа취ֻ̾һ˵ˣûûˣҲܲôˣֻϣԺҪڡ
˵֮˳̾һ뿪鷿
죬㿪ʼﱸ飬ԸΥͻȻ֮䲻֪Ķ˻ҪѡϢҪŮȫֹͣȢ
ɽʮֵɨˣΪҪҹû뵽ôȥˡ
õϢ֮ú⣬Ͳ£ҪǶԷĳŵ̫أҲˮ
ȻڻҪѡֹͣĻȢһʱҲ᲻˻飬ԼȻؿɽȥˡ
һϳǣ
Ҫʱ뿪㲻ͬġ
ΪǱǸŮˣڵʱ΢һЩһˣǹŮͻȻǺã
ƴ
ؾôŻȥسס죬üŵڸһ䣬һеķ
ҡҡͷ˵ƶСֻһĺڿʵǲģȻʱʩ׼飬Ҿ͹һʱ
һ֪һȷʵסˣֻǾɥĴӦ
ҲڳϹģȻϾɥһежȴûʧ
ܼ׼ϺͬʱӦҲ׼˳
֮Ե͵ķС
ȻʼΪˣǼԼʮֵĿûκʧ񣬾ҵʾֻҪţǰæ
ͷɥԼķȥ
ոջطû೤ʱ䣬Ѿ߽
һӣһСΣҪӡ
ʮֵ֣ԼûԼѽʲôԼ
ǸѾȥߵǰԺʱɢ
һЩ֣ɫɲˣںլǰʲô
Ϊڣ㻹ȥкϹӣô˻Ҫȥѽ
֪ղһӣ˵Ҫңⲻųô¡
˵֮㹰֣͸ѾߴҴҵȥ
㱾ǲģתͷһ˲ѾһֻۣѾһڻơ
ǰͿԴ̫ҽּҲЩټѾۣԲܿ⵭һ˿
оһѾʲôطȻڹ컯֮£Ȼһ˿ɢ
һ£ȻƷвãǶԼȷʵǲͱģԼҲһ
ں߸Ҫϼ˵
ǰߵʵ̫죬Ϊ˱ԼǣҲûмӿŲСܣֻǸźߡ
ȵʱѾ˴ſˡ
ʱڴſںһ֪˵ʲô
㱾ҲûзϣΪʲôǰݷá
ոտ;һ䡣
һϾͻΪָоѾϹüΣйڸǻ
Ҳڴ֮ͥ̾ۣ򸽽ǹ۲顣
һֻŵǻɢ
ǰСɢŨŨĺСεϷγһɡǣⶼߡ
վ˵ĸͲʲôӣһɭɭİ׹ǡ
Ҳ˼ι֣ЩĹǰֱС׼ס
ĹӤԼǸƣҲûôơ
ﻹףһһŮˡ
Ҫһ֮ǺôҲǮлһЩְҵµģҲһǰץסĸ첲Ͱϡ
ϵһģͷ㣬ȻﲻˣȻǿҳЦݡ
ôˣ
Ҳ˵ȥüףŵ˵ǰСйŹ֡
û֮ǰ⻰һ֮Աǡ
ʱѾǱŵľսһô˵̾˼Ȼþ۹⿴ǾСԣվڽǰǸӡ
ʱվڽǰǸӣ˵ˡ
үôˣһ֪ҰʿҲ𣿡
仰վԱߵֳã֮ɫ
վԱ߾֪ãֻ÷
ҲڻһǸһֱŵĿļ
ķýµļ˲ȥģڶżѡ
еһѣһֱߣʱ׼ġ
ڵѾòˡ
óվǸӴȵĹ»Ұƶǰţ
˵֮󣬾ͰѼ˹ȥ
Ѽ뿪㣬ԽǽӽǸվŵӣԽ
ȵϵʱ̱ҫ۵Ľ⣬ֱӽȫ֡


038 Ů
ѼȻǱϾֻͨķʲô
ˣȻӵϣҲĲҽУϷųһĺ̡
Ҳˡ
һϵĽ䰵ȥӵĲҽҲֹͣˡ
ҲѾܻլ
һصլһѾͰץסˣȻ˵취
ҲһĪչû뵽ôľ͸ҳ
˵ʵڵֻһӣԸЩõСУԸߵĶû
˶ԷǮҪ취
۾˼һ󣬡̫ˡֻʱĽﵲסʣµ¾͵Ѱˡ
֮Ҳûбİ취ˣսܽݵססʣµ˵
Ͽʩ
һҪһϿѰ
Ҫʲô˵ֻҪеһΪϡ
ҲʲôصĶ׼һīһþ˵ĸӡ
ҪЩĪʿôҪʲôľ֮ģҪľĶʲô
ʵҲǵɽˮĵزǵкװװӻУҪǶԸģ»в档
ôҲǵһʱʿҲ˼ط
ϤľǱ³顷
Ȿга֮⣬һЩаİ취õľī͸ͷ
˵֮󣬿վ㶷㶣ЩˣŸʲôϿȥ׼
ѹҲƵլȥ
ͷЧʷǳߣûжĹͱһīһѸӳԱߡ
ʱߵҲѾӦ
ֻǸСǼ޵Ӱ̧ţլԺ
ǸüеӣѾϰá
ֻͷϵ֮УɫĹͷ߶ǺһëȻ
ͷԺпԶ֨֨Ķͣߴӵ
үСѾˣϿ˽Сӻȥ
ԺеѾߺӣ龰ŵѽһĴӡ
ЩǰȻ֪լֹǻûļڼͷ˵ǻ˵ʲôһǹˡ
ЩҲǵԺˣֱܵûӰˡ
ڵĲԱߣ̱ڵˡ
ʱΪĹǵ㣬׳ŵǰһӺȵ֣ڹ컯֮Ͽ£ȻĻһ͵ó
ͷĻûк£Ǹ¸¸µЦЦ
ʿͷЩСҲҳҡײƭ
˶ԷĻҲЩ߳ŭ
ұк֮£ֻҪȥȻ˲ʶôҾ֪֪С
˵ֱ֮Ӵӻȡ˼ʦɷ
ȻֱӾͷȥ
ͷӻͳһŷ䣬Ƿһǰ֣ɢһɱ
ͷ֪ãⶫƲ磬˷
ڼԼһſڣ³һɫĻ棬ֱǷȥ
ǻƽʱֻҪǸϣճɻҽǾϨġ
ɼ
ȴ˶ͷʦɷЩĿǡ
ͷһǷûκ赲һֱӾʹӻдǻڱ䴩֮̾ͿʼϨ
վڶͷһ֪á
ֻͷͻȻץסԱߵ̨ӵСֱӾʦɷȥ
ʦɷһСӴ̾ͷųһ⣬С͵һӴ̾ͻһ̣ʧӰ١
⻹꣬ʦɷųĵʵ̫ǿˣͷȻһξȻ
һ⻹ǴϣȻֻǿ֮ĩҲͷһĲҽС
龰оͰһ£ʦɷȻһǼˡ
ȴٴӳһʦɷֱǸͷ
һؿû˸ͷǹˣֻҪǴ̾ɢ
ﻹأԭȻŷһȥû뵽￴ͦʵǸǹͷ
ڴҶΪͷҪ군ʱǽͻȻɳһֱ̣Ӿͽʦɷס
ʦɷҲǰ׸ģȻ̵סϵĵȴž
ǺգۼĹͱȥ˼㣬ԭŨĺɫѾɵһˡ
ʦɷҲ͵ˡ
С֮Уַɳһһ
̾ͻָԭ״Ǵûܹһ
ţǰֶһ̧εС
ں߿ͷֱðеʲôôôԼòײͷˣôһ¶Էָ̻ԭ״
ѾƻָͷֱðǰҪʩ
ʱ򣬽дŴ
裬ʱס֡
˽е̾ͲٶԱߡ
ͻȻСεĽһ
һȶ˵ŮӴӽ˳
Աߵ˿ȻʵǸŮӣ
жɽʮֵĲŮ㶼Ҫʲôģ
ҪǲҪԸѽڻǹ¼ҹء
۾ŮϸĹ˰죬ȻСػصм񣬵Ǿ
֮ЩƣѵǸȥŮӵݣ
ǽгŮͻȻһЦһЦͺ쿪˵Ļ䣬һ˲һϢԺе
ʱվԺеˡŮѾĿҡơ
ֻŮῪ̴ڣŴ˵๫δӲϣѵ๫ʶ𣿡
ŮӣԽԽԽԽԼδޣæ˵ʶʶ
ŮԵӣô˵̾ͺǳȻʶϿ׼·
ʱѹһ̾ͽеĸͷīڵϣȻȥΪ׼·ȥˡ
ȵ֮Ůſ㡣
֪ɽУʦӺˣ
ʱֻŮӣԼشĻͻжһ
ûʦǿѧġ
˵Ůӣ⻰۾һ
Ҫ˵ıǴѧģ˸ԴǳȻõһؼ
ƾ˺ҵѧһЩڸټؼԼϣܷӶã
ŮЦøˣǲ֪ܲСŮӼһⱾ飿


039 
ŮӵĻԶûдһתԼ˯ȥˡ
վԺеŮЦʮֵĲãĵʢһ
ŮԱߵӼӣҲо塣
С㣬ֻƴӡ
ǸŮӲûж˵ʲôֻлۿһӡ
Ǹ֪̾ԼղŶˣ̰ͱϣ˺һҲ˵ʲôˡ
˵ʱԼУֻһͷǾǰԼ鶼ҳ׵ǸŮӵǰ
һڴҷûҵȴöӡ
öͭӡںӴ֮̾ͷų˺⡣
㱻һգ̾˹
һѾ;øղźһľŮӵİš
ֻͷֱðǸŮӶû÷ֻ˵˼仰ͰԼ˵İš
УﲻپˣԼ㱾ºߵǸֱǲֵһᡣ
ڻǱҪ˵Ҳֻรˡ
̾ͿʼʰһԼĶãȻǰ͵ıȻԼʱľ
һ׼֮߳˷䣬Ȼһ˲ֱã
ֻ۳ԵĿŮӣһ˹ȥ
һǰŮӼﻹһΪо˵ķˣЦøӲá
Ůǰ¶ɵɵЦݣŮӺǿ䱦һ
ŮЦ˵ӣʲôÿģѶҡ
ãã㡭
һ˵ţһ߾Ͱеİ̧Ů˹ȥ
Ů̧־ӹǾʱͻȻ˱ʡ
ֻһľ֣ʱͻȻŮӭͷ˹ȥ
ŮΪһֱƵģû뵽ᷴɡ
һ±˸ֲ
ӭľŮʶ̧ȥֵ
һľúŮӵһ
ֻľϽ䣬ŮӸ첲ҲǺơ
ľǾʱĶ˵Ϊһˡ
Ůø첲ȥֵһ¾ͳ˰
ֻôһӴŮӵĸ첲̾ͱڵһţžĴ
Լ˹̾ʤ׷űŮͷĿ˹ȥ
ǽȴûôˣΪŮѾ˷
ֻһˣĶľȻһӣһ⣬зɳֱš
棬Ѿˣǵϣ̾Լϵʯָ
ֻһ䣬ֳʧ
ӭĺȴĻӰһ֮⣬ԳΣԭһöɫСӡ
ֻСڿһͣȻתһȦ·ɻŮӵС
ŮӼ㲻ӰԲü
ֻĬĬĿһĲǰ֣Ȼɢȥ
ⲨɢԺУִԺسɢ
ǵɢسǳʱȴͣǲҴĻ롣
˺һŮӲ۾޺޵˵û뵽ʿЩ£Ȼܴҵӳȥ
ԱߵҲò˼飬ʿһ֪ǵոţôͨȻܴСߡ
Ůһ£Ȼ˵عʿȰǰ˵
ŮͻȻڿնԺӵϿ֮Ĭ
ʹϷɳĺӰӰɢֻҪӰ˹ȥûһӵĹеˣȫӰ
Ů¶һ˿мЦݡ
˵бŮӿƣ˵ʯָصִ㡣
ղŽʱ㲻òʹÿռԾӻصִ
һ»صִ;һİĴ˷Χ
ʱžִҪȹŴõĶࡣ
ĳһȻĨһͷϵ亹
ǺգԼľУһؿ¾ҪǸŮС
ڿʼʡʱԼΪˣͻȻõ㲻ԾѾʼЩƮƮȻΪǸĹԼǰҲǲһ
û뵽ոһƮʵ͸ͷһӰд˵ϡ
Լĵл̫ǳϣһԼȥ֮Ǹܹƽ¡
ȻĻԼֻٹٰʮгɣȥΪ
̾˿ʱܻȥˣȵһʱŮ֮ٻعŴҲ١
Ű»صԼķ䣬Ȼֻ
̾߰˸绰ֻб˳
㿴˿ǸĸģʱԼڹŴûнӵ绰˼ʮż
ûа취Ͽλ̫ϻʣ̫ص绰ȥȻĻֲ֪߶ʲôˡ
绰֮ͨһ̴㸸׵
СʱʲôȥˣһΪʧأ׼ء
żżⲻҴûźɽʱŷҴ绰
վʼ˵Ϲ
ΰ֪û֮Ҳʼ
ô£
źֻǰٵ˵ⲻǱʦ𣿲С۱ȽƫƧûźţʱɢûɽȥûнӵĵ绰
ΰϻһӵˣĻϾ֪ˣǱˡ
ҲãԼҵĶǳһٺ˴򽻵ˣΪ˴͸ʱĳ
ǸƫƧСУǮú˾Ҳһˡ
ʱĸһ˵绰ӣǱû°ɣԵú˯úðɣ
裬û¶ܳԹס۶˵ܲ𣿡
ͺãҺȥ㡣
ɱҪˣһ￴ǰɣȻƫƧ·ߣһŤʲôҿⲻ𡣡
Сӣ˵ʲôأ
ֺͼһŹ˵绰һ
ͿʼһԼӹŴĶ
ûж٣һѣľһѣʦɷţļѡ
ʰЩ֮Ͽ˵۵Ĵ֮Уóʱûʦ㡣
֮˰棬ˡ
ȵصɵϵʱ򣬾ʮֵıŤܾʲôûа졣
֮һ֪ʲôԭƽʱ̫ҽּء
Ѿеһ֣ͻȻʮֵĲϰߡ
룬ʲôҲҪȥȻĻʱһϰûˣ鷳¡
֮󣬱Ӵʰһ£ϥʼ̫ҽּ


040 鷳
һǲʲôϣģֻҪϰ߲ɥʧ
һʼȴʮֵľϲ
ԭִʱҲΣԽּȴûκεЧ
һز֪ʲôԭȴʮֵ˳
ܿͽ˶еǹɹ⻪ҲԽԽʢٶȱȹŴһҲ
йһʱ۾
ǾϲһٶȻǺ͹Ŵ࣬Ĺ⻪ȴȹŴҪࡣ
ȣܿܽҩĽ׶Ρ
ľ˵ӦþͽĽ׶ˡ
ҲЩ֣ô£һĲ˵ڹŴʱӦǱִôȴڵٶҪ˹Ŵ
ҪĻôִӦɵĶǽôôҲû˵顣
˼룬ҲûĽ͡
̾һ׼ȥϴһ£Ȼ˯
˳ҪЩˮϴֻŸղŵ飬ľͰ̫ҽּķʼ
һȴûκεջڵĽȻ֣ȴûⲿĲ䡣
㵽˸оӵأΪʲôղԼҵʱǳ˳
ôһطûЧأѵǸʲô
뵽û˼ϴˣת»صңĴѰҿˡ
ұɾЩ֮⣬ûĲͬˡ
ü룬ͻȻһԴһ˵ϤĶֻһǾ͸ǰѱ
뷨̾ǰǱ
ϸ˿ûⱦʲôֻͬƮƮģ֪ʲôġ
뻹ʵĺã㽫ѱ͵˴Уʦǰ
Ȼ»صԼУʼ̫ҽּ
һعȻ޷붨еǹ⣬Ȼʼɢʧ
۾֮ȴЦݣȻԼִܹȫǰѱ
ѱȡ˻ٴνУһȴʮֵ˳ܿͽ˶
͸оܵĹâͣϻۣȻ󲹳䵽Լеǹϡ
֮ѾЦ춼ϲ£ˣѱԺִҲˡ
ڶ죬֮󣬽ԼϣԴ֪ѱǲ˵ı֮һʱҲ
ϴϣȥ֮Σ´˵۵Ĵš
ȻΪһҲһͣŻҪģһ̬ȡ
Щ֮һͷתǸУڵǾԼ貹Щ֪ʶͬʱҲҪЩҳһǿķΪ
ѽһʱúܿ죬һգ۾͵磬ʱͨ۵С·ϣһӰڲͣĻζ
ʮӵʱ䣬Ӱ˵۵ǰ
һͷˣʹˣ˶ȴͦñֱжӦǵġ
Ҫ˵˿ɲͨˣأҲμӹս֮ۻ磬һҲ
øϸĸﴺ紵أ䲣Խʢ
֮½Ľ˵زҵҲһСĸˡ
һأɽͶɽˮģǰսѵļˡ
֮ģ֪ɽһС֮󣬱ơ
Ҳʱɵϰߡ
ڼгһЩ飬ǽͰݣ۾Ϳͷ
ſڣߺпˣ
˼Ŵ˻شˣˡ
˳һĵʿ
̧ͷۿֻʿʮҵͣʵֻò˾̤ʵ
㣬ղڲз飬ͻȻſ˽лų
ʩƶˡ
֮󣬼æõԺУȻһʯ¡
֮󣬴˿Ȼܿ˿޵ĻܴɨҲܸɾ⿴۵ĵʿҲһܸɾġ
֮ϸĴˡ
˺ֱ㿴һһƣȻ;һ
ڷ֮üͷ
Ϊֻһ޵гɣڿ龰ӦǽӴɾĶ
Ļô˵ҲһЩ˵ڰ
ϴƴ˼ʮ꣬۲ʮֵϸһ㿴Լü֪Ρ
Цʵôңǲʲôͷĵط
㲻£ڹŴʱ򣬲һΪ¶ɥ˼ԡ
ûʲôֻǿ˼ɫһǸиġ
һ⻰֪ǰԲԣⷴĺġ
طңʲô޷
仰˵ʱϾɢһɱ˵ơ
һôʣȣҲʵʵ˵ˡ
ôҲЩУҲħֵģЩǰ˵ƻϲ̨档
ҡҡͷֱӾͰѻ˼ҹմδ
ؼѻòܹƣҲԼ·˵һ顣
Ա֮˾ֿʼȲ˵ղſʲôʵ档
ûʲôֻһ已̥ܿʲô
Ҳٺˡ
ֱӴӻȡһпȻǰ
ſ10ñңԡ
㿴ϵп￪ʼ
Ҫ˵ոռ漸ӣͽܶԷǮȷʵЩ˼
ȷʵȱǮСҲмˣҲмǮȴֻҪ˵һ仰ʮǮǮ̫ˡ
㾭ҵһҧһţǮ׬˵
ʩʵղһҵĵۣҾͿһڲƣʩɾĶˡ
һô˵۾
ʱȷʵ鷳żͰݡ
ϧǣݷ˼ĴʦˣЩ˶˵Ȼ
û뵽ƫƧСУȻһĸ֡
ȻӦǾ仰ɽڸߣˮ顣
ĹȻҼȷʵ鷳£ָֻ̣ҪҼҶɹѹأһкϡ
ҡҡͷ˵ʩֻһƽĵʿǸ£ʩ
˵仰֮ͰʯϵпȻվ˵ʩ쵽ˣҪˣʩȥ緹ɡ
زûмľվһȻ˵Ȼˣһ㣬ͨڡ
һûֹ˼ҽ˵۸ʦ㣬˵ʲô
˼Ը㣬͵С
˽Թؿͷ¯ϣǡ


041 ύ
µɽҲûˣֱӾ˾͵سǡ
һס£֮͸绰绰һͷĶӵġ
֣ʲôʱ
˵ЩûõģСôˣ
绰ͷ̾һԭȵӣÿϾ۵ȥ
ϴСһˡ
ʲô£
һˣһ۾ͿǼС⡣
֮ЩֹϵԴС˹ֲ֮󣬾һֱ߶߶ġ
һĶЩʿΪ⣬ƭ˲ǮλϵȻ֮͡
һزĸʦ˼˵˰ɣ
ֻϵԼڣԼӵĲ˵ʲôֻһԼӶһǣˣɲС
ѽҿ¾˰ɣСҽԺбҽչ˵ĻҲһʱܲˣǻǱˡ
һߵϾͿʼӵۡ
ʲôϹڣЩ֪ʲôҸ㽪ϵ
ˣϻˣ̰С
һɲԸˣⲻԼĶ𣿱Ѿòᣬôһڿᱣס
ǰҶܴӦ㣬Ҳͬ⣬ҾСҽԺűȽϺãǱٸЩ߶߶ˡ
˵ֱ֮Ӿ͹ĵ绰
һߵأӹ˵绰ֱ¡
ԼΪ˭ΪǸӣھȻ²ˡ
һ룬ʱ˺ͶַȵһԼ㶨ǸʿǿӰ͹Ҳ١
˵ڶ죬ų˵ۡ
ڵո𴲣ɢɢظʦ㣬ݲݵһΣڳ緹
ճԵһ룬ſִǸ˵
ûУ
վԺſһȻǸͷ
ﲻ֪ǱϼһˣǺڣ治Ӧýп
ؼЦϺã
еֲЦˣԷ˼ЦֺԼû
ʩĵ硣
ʹˣ٣Ҳû¾͹
˵ʲôֻǰ뵽ԺС
ؽԺӣһĶ档
һʯ׼ֻͣһͰ棬ǱСֵ˵ϾͳЩ
㿴ͷСֵӣεĻشɽ࣬ƶֲһģҲֻǳЩˡ
ôУ
˵֮̾ó绰ʼ绰һͷԸ
ȥسǣһЩƲ͵ɽ
һˣϽѡ
ƶ޹»
طµ绰ЦŶ˵ʲô»֮以ٷҲƽġҲʶˣ֮ͷԶٷûʲôɣ
Է˵ô죬ֻǹֵл
ȻˣƶͶлʩˡ
ûаСʱ߾ʹ
̾վϵſڴ򿪵۵ţһȻ˾һѵĲͺС
³Ѿˡ
ؽӹͺУ˾˵ɽµţҸ绰
ǡ˾Ӧһת뿪˵ۡ
ŶǰȻʯϽЩͺһϣȻԴ򿪡
԰ɡ
㿴ڵӣһĺЦССݾңҿǳ롣ȻŵĶҾˡ
֮ҲٿſӾͳ
㷹֮󣬶ڶЦ˵ʩһضлĿˡ
ûʲôûʲôԵĸ˾ͺá
ʩƶЩҪ죬ʩԱ㡣
⻰˵ķǳˣ͡
һ飬ƨɣҪԷߣ̾Ҫˡ
ƤأҲһ£ֻЦ˵ǾͲŵˡ
˵֮ҡҡڰڵ뿪˵ۡ
㿴ŶԷԶȥӰ¶˼ЦţҵҪֶܼ೤ʱ䡣
֮һͷǸҡ
һһ˴ľǷͼǿѧķȥһسӡ
ô򵥣ЩȻǸĪ⣬ÿһϸѧܵõɡ
ߵȴʮֵأһ֪˺ϰ󲻵ûа취гɣ²м
㷭һ磬ȻûãЩйˡ
룬ûһˣǸʦ̡
ʱſص
Ҹ緹ˡ
֮һķգûûˡ
ֻʰһԼ·վſһȻŴСѵĲͺУǶء
εǰһףȻ˵ʩҸ鷳һ緹ˣҪ
˵ʲôأǼҲˣԲã˼ôܰġ
˵֮ؾһ㣬ߵԺ
龰ҲΣֻǸԺмʯԡ
ʱѾʯϰڿ˲ͺУʦ԰ɡ
εڶ棬ȴûжӣĶ˵ʩƶʵΪǼҲʲô֮ɽȥЩɽ󴨣Ѱҵõ˵ĺá
ЦЦȻش˵ʲôѵѳԶٷĿĵ𣿵ʿܷĳԣҾκҪ󡣡
㿴ŶԷЦӣܾĻʵҲ˵ˣֻűӣſֳһ١
ϵʱΪԷˣԼܹһˣոҪȥЩ࣬ſִص
һ֪ͷˣڶϼһʵû취ˣֻٴοŰӭ˽
һ쿪ʼһͣ裬ÿͷ
һ߰ĹҲʼԷΪһ˾Ķ³ܹ߰ԸԼһµĵʿͷɼǳˡ
һӦǸж棬֮İҵ鷳½ӹȥ
ȴûôһ·ǳСģҲǵСԴӱһǸŵ֮Ͳ¶ˡ
ؼ˼Ȼ޶ԣЩżˡ
Ϊͨ绰֪ԼıԽԽá
ԭȵʱֻϵʱʹ̣ھҲżʼʹ֮⣬ɫҲԽԽ԰ס
ҽҲ޲ߣֵ˼飬һжֲһûӡ
ֻ֪ǹעһˣ绰һ߷Ը˼䡣
֮̾һϣһͶãܹʿġ


042 
һؾûĵۡ
Դ˻Щϰߣ⼸ÿ춼ɽ亣ζͻȻֱ嵭Щѡ
͹죬Ȼڲһ׼ڵڶʰɽһˣۣʦ̡
¶ĵڶ뿪ʱһ磬һص
ڲڣ
Է֪ôľ;һС
ǰһʱÿͷ㣬üįʱûˣÿһڵ֮УʱظоһĹ¼š
һ·Ȼװɵõ˵ӣ߳ݡ
ʱأһƤԺվء
һЦݡ
㿴һظʲôˣ
˵֮󣬻еƤһ
ǰһףȻ˵ʩ⼸ɺã
ã˯㣬Եñ
˼֮ͽͷõԱߵʯ֮ϡ
ʩһͷİɣ
˵㲻ɵǰֳЩɽ亣ζ
Ц˵ԣǻ򵥣ӽ֮һҰˡ
֮æȴʩƶֻǿЦʩص档
˵Ļóȥˮôջ¾ôˣԺһͶҸ𡣡
˵仰֮ҲˣóϵǸƤƵǰ
ҺòײҵģЦɡ
㿴ĹĵƤ֪װʲôҲûнӹ۾أ͡
ؿ֪Ҫǲ˵Էǲӵģǿڽ͵ҿǳˣЩҲϡһղ˼飬Ҳǿźÿұ軨׷
˵֮ԽƤ򿪣ȡһһԶ鼮Ȼ˫͵ǰ
ӹԷе飬ķŵǰϸһֻƤÿдż֡ش׷
㿴ǳһŵ׷ֻԵһ
еⱾ׷Ҳƽӡˢ棬һӬͷСдɡ
һλ̸дɵؼͱӡˢ鼮Ҫࡣ
ΪЩӡˢ󲿷ֶвȱԸͲС
һѧϰĵʿõǱ飬Ҳʲôɾ͡
ɵҸдɵĵȴӣһ˵ֵеǹʮֵȫ
ֻҪԶõѧ˵ˣǻĻܹóɾ͡
οǰⱾڷ飬޴Ƶ׷
㿴˱沢ûб仯ؿȥ
ؼĿ⣬۹Щ
һԼڼӣҧҧԼҪ˵˳
ʵҼеһȷʵ˲ԭĹֲ߷ȫҽȻκεЧһҽָѲɽݷ𡣡
˵ʱһ꣬ʱ߱ɽ󴨣ȻҲһЩɮ£Щȴûһһ۾ͿԼϵĲԾ
ҲΪģֻסҼ
ֿ֮˿еⱾ飬Щ岻
ΪʮִֵʩչˣǱһǳ
ԼȻ˵ЩУǲǸոţһҪǶԷĶ֣²Ȳˣѱ
ǰⱾ飬ʵЩȡ
Ȿ¼ȫĻƾⱾϵķǻ˹ŴǸҲ
˰죬Ż˵ʩȻѻ˵ƶΪѳһԡ
ӦǴϲվضϹ
ллǼҵĸԺʲôҪ죬ܷԸ
ڰ£Ȼ˵ȻӦ֣һ仰Ҫ˵ǰߡ
лֱ˵в񡣡
һγ֣һܹ⣬ϾԷǿҲͲöԷ
һ룬Ȼ˵һβܽ⣬ҲӵãԹõ
ãȻˣǾò˵һˣҲԳ֡
֮ûе̾͵ó˵绰ͨԼӡ
̰С͵һ
ѽôˣ
ϻҸ㣬ĸˣѾӦǼС⡣
绰ǱߵʵЩˣԼϵʱ䱻ƭҲһˣôԣ
ţѽ㿴ǼСҽԺУҪûҽԺ豸ܿܳΣգҿɣǸ뵽ҽԺУ㣿
ʵǣֻҪǸνĸ˵ԼǰԼһϵ棬Ҵ
˶ӵĻҲе̧ۿ˿ڶ㡣
ʱ㲢ûнӻǱĿ
ãû뿪ˣԼҲʹ졣
ۣˣ̰С͹ҪǽҼСÿġ
˵֮̾͹˵绰κηĻᡣ
˵һߵڸ׹˵绰֮Ҳòᡣ
ͷôͲܰӶˣȥûˡ
ͷӣҲ뿪ҽԺ
ûаСʱͽˡ
ܾղŲ񴦴绰³ӽ쿪ʼгһԪ֧ǩ֡
һ㶽ž׹ϵڸԼʩѹѽ
ûоôЭ鷳һ㣬±ߵ˲ͣ绰ҵҪ˭ֵܼ
֪ˣԺ˾һԪϵ֧֮ٸ³绰
ͷȻ˳˰칫ҡ
ûʮӣһˣһȴЩš
ܾ³ղִ绰ԴСǸĿʱȷһԺ˵
ֱ¡
ϵҪʲôԼҲûбҪ˾顣
ԴСòײȡĿҪһֱŲһ֮Ƥͻᱻջأʱ˾ʧʹˡ
εһβͨԼϵĵ绰
ϵ㵽ҪʲôѽԴСĿֲǲ֪ȥǹ˾ҪһǮˡ
Ҳܣ˾ǮʣǽԴСԲܿ
绰ͷͣһ£˵ΪҲ֪Ǹн˾˿İɣ
ϵһ仰µЩ˵
ȷʵ˾˵£ʵԼͶʵġ
һ룬ԼϵûͿԼ鿴һģˣԼϺǰˣСˡ
ϵ˵ɣô¿


043 
ڵ绰еԼĶЭˣɵ¶һ˿Ц
Сӻŵ㣬Ӷ㻹õȼꡣ
źߣҿɣС̸ɣֻҪСˣһж˵
˲ȥˣСڲأܸȥ̸
ϵԴҪЮԼû취²òͷ
ðɣ֣׼ֱɻС͵Ǳȥ
ͶΪʲôΪСѵܺ
˵֮͹˵绰
ϵ˵绰ֱﵹǲ뺦С񣬵ûһСõġ
û취ϵҪִС
ϵڲ绰˹ȥ
׼ֱɻǲһɵҽƶ飬СȥҶ³صTеұ
Ը֮һ뻹ǲģԼȥһˡ
Լ·ҴҵľͳŶ
˵һߵأڶЭ֮ȻЦݣлЩ
Ͼϵӵ뿪ҽԺҪһߵĵûκӵĲӿɾѩϼ˪ˡ
ڶҲţλ˵Ӧøһ裬ȻĻʱǲôù
˵ʩҿɲáƶһķϡ
֮۾ҲһȻԼϵĶߣǻԼ治֪ʲô£Źһ
Ǿ鷳ˡ
ֵĵ˵ͷ֮վֱ
ں߽ĸ档
֮ڴǰʦǰ׼ķı
׼ûֽ֮űʿʼĬĬ䣺ˮˮġ΢𣬲Х١붨ΡϣڡȻȽԾ磬عġ־ˮߵˮơαֱıƣɡ
ֻ֮鿪ʣƽȻëʣڻֽϻһķ
ȵһ֮ͭӡϱ߸һ
֮㽫ãת͵صǰ
ʩƶķպãȻӦ顣
ؽӹķ˿ûǰЩҡײƭ˻ģʲôͬ
о;һѵǰʿҲһƭӣ
ȻдģǱȴû¶һ˿ȻЦл
֮ĲɵĽ䣬Լ¶
ķһ̾͸оһɴδйɡ
ɾʮûġ
ȻʮϲЩ߶߶飬ҲʶһЩˮʦˡ
˵ʵ¼ûм
⻹ͷһθо˷档
ȫˣǰʿǸбµģǰϵЩֻ˵ĸɮҪǿٱ
վһԣصı鿴÷ǳֻտʼʱȻϴЦݣǻʮֵ㣬һϾͱɫԼҲЩˡ
֪һؿǰѶԷˡ
»صǴʯǰʯϰŵǱش׷ԼĻС
ؼǱ飬ûκεֹһⱾ鱾Ҫ͸ģǣı£Ҳβӣˮһա
Ҫ˵Ǯ˵Ķǿ죬ոմ˵绰ȵʱֱɻͣұĹ㳡ϡ
һԴӣԱ߸ŵĻķˡܻ㡣
ܻʵǷǳͬģȴֲɷֻǲ鲻Ըͬˡ
Ⱥ˷ɻΣȻƺƵ˳С·ֱɽϵĵۡ
ϵʱȴ鶫⼸һֱҽԺѾЩëˡ
һغòױųŷ磬Ȼǰࡣ
һұǴ˵۵ſڡ
Ϊүүˡ
һԼıˣ̽߼ԣӵԴЦʵ⼸õûУ
ˣܻνĻش
ޣ˵ʲôأʲôѽģԺֻ˵ܻԱ߸Ͻ˵
νʼ磬ͷƲһߣ˵ˡ
Ա߸ϽԲ˺ˣſڳˣǽȥλɡ
һһĿҲһԼϵƵߵλ
صͷȻǽСۡ
֮ĴĴСȻƾɣҲͨ
ʱҲӴ˳һȺ˵ǰһףȻ˵λʩƶˡ
˿صϣҲǿĻһ
ЩԺеǸʯ
СֻһˣȻûиϲĹˣЩҲΪ˺Ȳ衣
Ϊ˵ĹǣȻͷһʻ˵ҶӵĲЩգǲģ
˶ԷʣȻǹЦݣȻ󲻽˵ƶ²ֻǿʩһƣԲŶ϶ʩļ˱ʩ˷
֮üͷһȻƵĵ˵ҵĶӣⲻǲǱʩ˷
˵ʱѾǳĲˣΪͲһס
صƣһӴӵ۵ô˵أûûСģҵѣҲ壬ϽҵǸ
ϵĻ㱳ȥǰʮ꣬ԼСʮأԼ壬ϵǲǺͿˣ
뷴̧ͷԼϵ۾ɵͭһ̾ͰѾĻˣȥ
֪ԼϵƢҪĲӣϵɲôˣܸͷһٴ
Ҳֻǲ鲻Ըģ˲ǡ
ؾòöӿˣǱԿ˵ѾˣһСϵ׳ʲô⣿
ͷת´ϵˡ
ϵȾһͷë϶ѱһǱ軵˵ĺӡ
ɫȴÿ԰׵ľһֽһһڴ֮С
ó׽ڿУΪ˿ϵĶߣҲۡ
һۣͿһɺ̣ڲͣı任״ʱһͣʱһ
̫£Ҳκεļˡ
֮⣬㻹һ⣬ڲͣ䶯
ϵḷ́Դ㡣
㿴¶˲ɫ
ԭѾ϶ϵǹƳ档


044 й
ڿйƳڴ֮һĲ졣
ҲҾ¹ƳӦͼķϲ̨档
ʵˣҪ֪ǷŹƳаҪࡣ
ںʱ򣬺۾Ϊ׹֮ɱ˼ˡ
Ϳ˺۶ڵҵķô⣬ȴ׹ʮֵļɻ䡣
Կ͹ô򵥡
Ҫ֪ǰλСǷ˹ҪһЩ֤
תͷһŵ˵ʩƶ˹ƶ
⻰Ͼͱɫ
Ȼشûмƶǹƶȴģ˵һ˹ƶ¾ûʲô³
һ뵽ľǣԼӺûеʲôˣô˸ôݶֶΣ
һֱѭ浸أûеʲôˣʲô˸µĹƶ
֮ҡҡͷ˵ƶªţ֪λеĴ
һ룬ǰ˿²˵ѭ浸أȻĻҲͷȾȾ˻ë
֪ߵغˣ׵ˣҲе·ĸˣ˲ű¹ơ
ΪأǾһλ
ˣʱûкϷйӴǵʲôϵطˣ
֮һ㶣Ȼʲô
վһԿŶǼæʵʲô
µ˵ûûʲôʱ䶼ûʲôֵˡ
㿴λڻԲԣøһˡ
תͷһվŵ˵ʩԲԣǽûа취ٽˡ
⻰תͷ͸Դһ¡
˵ô£ĻҴȡ
ƽʮ簮񣬵һҲǾøβ
ɫ˼飬µ˵˳
ҲûʲôǰʱʶһϵС˼죬Ȼˡ
һվŵĲˣȥһš
쵰˵ĺô£
һվԱûֹӣΪҲӿ²ǺöղӦҪڡ
ЩˣʼһһʮİѺǸСһ顣
ԭǰһʱ䣬λڻվѵʱ򣬿һСﶫ
ҪСﳤʵƯһ崿ǰʶŮûеġ
ҲɫеĶּƷܹŹȥڨ
ûж೤ʱ䣬ͷСΪʮֵĵҶİ˾Ȼˡ
ûм仰ĹͰСȥ
ԭСǴʿһǴϼ͵͵ܳд򹤵ġ
ⲻո˻𳵣Щӡ
һ˻ᣬ̴ڣظ֤Сһ
СﾹȻϵ
һʱ䣬ȻҶˣĲͣ£Сܿˡ
СȻҲɵӣں˸÷һ֮󣬾ͿʼҪ̰Ȣš
ܴӦֻǸ˵ĻССﾹȻȢԼôС
ɲΪһһƬɭ֡
˼֮˸ڰСˡ
СոУزģܹҵõ
Ϊ¾ôˣû뵽ո뿪Сһ£;ʹ̣ʱʱجΡ
֮󣬶ǰ˵ƷʮֵĲܡ
ǵ͵С
һԵغҲ÷ǳĲ˼һֱΪԼĶʮֵѭ浸أû뵽Ȼ顣
̾һȻ˵ûв´ĻǸСӦǡš
һ仰һҼڶɫ䣬رѾɫ
ܻΪĸ׸ӵżҲԼҶǷΪûʲô취
ڽаյģŵ˵˲ż֤һ
˵仰ֶ֮һվŵ˵ȥֻ֮ɽ
ˣһԵԸķԸȥˣϿȥ
֮תһɽȥ
ѾȥˣԵķһЩģȻ㣺ҼĶûʲôΣ𣿡
̾һȻ˵һȻûʲôΣգ˸Ժ᲻ٱ˱Ǿ˵ˡ
غ֮ɫҲ÷ǳĲÿ
ȷʵһؾܹƽȹǰﻹһ˲ͣǼң˭֪ʲôʱ㡣
ѵûʲô취Ԥ𣿡
һ£⵹㲻֪Ԥ֮ɲʲôܣдֻҪһˣ׾ܹ鵽
Щͨķġơûκεİ취
ʩԤͨķܶ࣬ʩȥֻ֮Ҫһܸ
һһ
ûɼӣĻ͸һͷˮ
置һַǳĹƣֶѾͨķ룬Ѿһ̶ʹ֪ʹֹһķûõġ
Ľͣһ˵ɫ÷ǳĲ԰ס
̾һȻ˵еǽ廹ϵˣԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣡ֮ʩҵλĺá
֮󣬳صĵ˵ͷ֪˵㱾ٸߣҲܶʮСʱǼҵԡ
ش֮󣬶һԵ˵ȥ졣һҪҵλǼҲ־顣
길׵ĻͷǣİȢţôҲδһ¡
Ҫ֪öˣǻûм£Ǽ˵Ҳһ
ʱȴ˵ˡ
ҲȢŮģǲ֪Ůжôʣֻһʮ칦ҿŮˣһ;ķ
ұ죬ﻹ˵ĵطҪСӻ𣿡
ڶӷǳʧû뵽ԼǰʱһԱģڵµʱȴ˵޷졣
ܵ׵ĽѵĶίɵתԼĸף˵仰
ܻ㿴εҧҧתͷȥٿ
һزܻҲԼˣֻҪܱסӵԼһƽʲôԽܡ


045 
ĸҲûлӦֻǴͷɥϣʵ
ǸŮӳʮֵƯǽ˻Ҳܶίܱ˵ΪȢЩ˹Ҫõöࡣ
ʱһ뼦Ҵҵ
ܾѾˣõµĴˡ
ѼȻݵǰ
ô죿
ӹԱߵʯϣȻʵûӣ
⼸֮ҡͷ˭û¸ɴ뵽ߣ˵Ҳòѽ
ǲܻʵһֻף֪ܲá
ԣֻҪľС
϶Ļش̴¶ȡһԿȡƵͶףȻݸ㡣
ӹͶ֮ȡһöõļȥǡȻͶײ˼һͷ
׼֮ߵǰ
ѼţǧȥȻĻ˭ҲȲ㡣
һûкøУ˵֮ͷǳֱİѼ˶ԷĿУֻһͶ׵ĩˡ
ֶ֮غ˵һСʱɣٿ
ǳĬĵȴ
һСʱ֮߹ȥĿнö˳
ڼ֮󣬾̴ڵĴôһڿһСʱ챳ȥˡ
ʱ㿴öȴüͷ
ΪеöѾԭȰװֵˣǱī֮ɫ
صĴӼаγöͶףû뼦еͶѾڡ
վһԵصˣҲеĶߡ
ʦô£ҪҪ
ĬһȻ˵Կɡ
һ˵꣬һҲƤĿУ֮㰴죬ʼдʡ
ȵһ֮Ŷ˵ټְСʱ
ڵ̾Ͱͷ׵СһҪжɡ
ղǼҲˣúõһżԼһСʱͱ֮ɫҲˣǸ˶ܿеĲͷ
СӸͲը̡
ֹ˰СʱһδҿаǼ˳
һʯϣİο
ŷֻʣºٵһˣ󲿷ֵĵ׶ѾʧҲ˴
ӣǴʧɫ
ΪȻйƣǷĲӦòжΣգû뵽龹Ȼչֵز
Ҳһ˾ɫԣ֪б䣬ǸϽʵô£
ɫѿĿԱߵһۣȻŻعͷ˵ֹ裬Ѿҩɾˡ
仰һ˵꣬Щ˶ɫ䣬غ˴˻һЩΪĸ׵Ĳܻ㣬ȴһֱӾͻ赹ȥ˷ţһ¿϶ܰˤһô
ҲһԭȵϵЦݱǿ
ѵûа취𣿡رϾϼʶ࣬ȷӦ
һ룬Ȼ˵ֻҪҵǸŮԽƣҲһ˿ϣ
ʲôлֱ˵
ǱĹҲϣҪһֵƣ¾Ҳⲻˡ
ʲôƣ
ơ黨ƣŮеģáѪӡơɣÿѪιʮһơˡơڷУҲڷϣŮӶԴˡơԼϡ
ǹ֮ģҩɽ⡣¹ƵŮӵѪнơ
ϱüһվŵ˵˶ųȥһҪҵŮҵ֮԰ο׼Ȣš
˵ͷΪֻһ֢ͨû뵽Ȼ˹ƣΪ鷳ơ
ʱҲ˵ʲôˣԼСǰʧȥʲôϵ
㿴غЩþղԼ˵˴󻰲ϵĺ˵βˣⲻǴԼ
ΪԼӣһҧһţȻ˵һη£ܲǿ⿪Ĺܹ⿪ҲǽԴϲ
ﲢûֳκθ˵ı飬Ӹղ̬ѾǳˣһǼС׶༪١
ǰھǿһԣҲиõĽ
һԵײ̬æǰ˵ϵõһ԰ɣ˸ãɵĻȥǸŮҲ١
ˣĬ˰Σͷ˵Ȼ˾鷳ˡ
˵鷳֣ƶӦġ
Ϳʼ׼£Ժа˼̳ڼ̳Ϲ鱦λ
׼ֶ֮˵׼һЩͷָ׵Ա
ԼĶ׼
Ȼܸ£ʾһ£Ͼǰ߶ʮһͷϰѻëȥһƬȻְʮָȫһΣָ׺ͷ͵ǰ
ӹָͷԺеĴԣ˼ֻ֦
ֵ˵棬֦һˡֽ֮ͷָװһС˵ĸǻڡ
׼һֶ֮һԵ˵ʽͲʺӹۿˣһ㡣
ǶƴӣһԸϱӸϽ뿪С
ڣڿʼ
Ҫеǳò˴汾ܵĿѺͲʹǽеķתƵ֮ϡ
ĵʿд˷ȷʵࡣ
֮һҪҲðգȻҲһЩУҪд治֪ܲУΪ˳ˡ
ˣȻǺãڱǰԵ㷨ǿ
ǲãҲ˵ģǾǶԷеƣѾ裬Լ֮ȴ޷ƴӹ֮аγҲ޿κΡ
ֻ˼̳֮ǰȡһŻֽϱд֣дһ֡
⵹ͼ㣬ܰ˵дȥĻͲˣˡ
һ֮ϱ߸һ£ѾϰԶˡ
֮ŲԱߵ֮ϣòаߵľ롣
֮飬飬ٽٷŹԪ˧ͣסԪ˧Īƻ⣬ƻԭóĪͩѹ⣬ͩѴͲóҪ¹⣬ķüü⣬ͨͨͨʮǽͨڽͨڽˆźǡ
ʱֵ鷢ˣǼ̳ŵһˣغȴоŵķǵĶӡ


046 
غڻ࿴һۣӶԷ۾п˾֡
㣬˷ŵ鱦λ֮ʼͣߵס
ٽ巽·͡
֮󣬾վϸ۲ǲˡ
տʼʱǲһʱƣǲ˺ʲôһʼͣ䶯
¶һ˿Цݣһ˴룬ֻҪתƵϣʹ󹦸ˡ
ٽڤڤеӦ
عͷ˵ȥȡӵڿ㡣
ڿ׼ˣһ·Ը̾һ·ǰ
㿴е·üͷж
ҪˣҲֻǶһණˣָͷڿ㣬Ȼüϱ߽һ˲ϡ
ֿ֮ʼ䣺ɫΪ棬ɫֽδֽ⣬ظҶ䣬ͬʱͬͬǮƣ굣˳ⷽҪ̴ɽҪ˿˴󺣣̿˵ɷߣ
֮󣬾ʹһϢʼɢɢ֮ϣԲΪģ֮ɢ
ʱѾɽͻȻʹ̣ʲôҪһ
Ѿ˲öˣſϣѡ
ĸײܻ޲ߣһ˸Ͽ绰ĸףһ˸Ͽ֪ͨҽԺ
ʱӵӵĵ绰֪һ߳飬Ҳˡ
Ǳ߳ˣʹ̣㿴ô졣
վڼ̳ǰû˵ֻ۹ʾ졣
ؼӣ֪Ѿе˹ؼʱ̣ǰѶһȻ׺ݵ۹ⶢ
һȥŵ
Ȼ˵ǳżǿ͸׵ӣҲֻǱ㵽һߣִ绰ȥˡ
ʱ绰ͷĲܻżˣѾĿ޳ԭڵѾ۵شˡ
ټһ£귨Ҿȥ
ʱǼ̳ϵĲһη˱仯ֻĿڴȻһ⡣
տʼֵֻһ㣬ʱƣ⾹ȻԽԽʢȻ˶ں֮С
ɽµںͺӦеʹȻʼ
һĻ澰غѾѸղŵĵȫ
һɢĺͻȻһȻȻȫ˵ķ֮۶ȥ
Ƿһʯͷһǳɹˡ
ȡ˲ˣֱӾڼ̳ǰճ˻ҽȻҽԺǿô£˸Ӹ
ˣǳһȻת˵ҸղϵĹƳ˺ȫתƵϡֽ֮˷գҲµĲĻǸϵĹƳӦѾˣӽ֮ƽ¡
صĻǴϲ
ʱܻҲһδ˵绰ڵ绰һЦһ߳
ϹˣӺˣղŻ۵ȥѾûκθоˣҿɫҲͻȻΣҲµ·ˡ
ããϿѶͻؾƵȥ׼Щò˺÷öӺúòһ졣
˵绰֮󣬿Ķǳ羴ո˵ѾƽǱ߶Ӿͺˣⲻǵǿʲô
㱻Է羴۹⿴Щ˼ˣӿһȻ˵Ҳ˵̫ˡ˵Ǿ仰ϽҵǸȢŲҪȥǹܿͻһηֶߣʱһʩƣ¾ͲһɵĽˡ
ΪʲôЩɻʵ
ǹ֮Ϊһ֣һеƣܿͻʹȥȴôʱ䣬ʩƵǸСﻹĴ⣬ûȫƶĸơ
˵۹˸һ£Ȼһ˵СٴֵĻ¾ͲһĴˣһȫ֣ʱ¶Ȳȣͻһغ
غϻôʱ䣬ĻԼһ룬Լĳ˵һûнڶξκηĻᡣ
̾һȻ˵Ȣ֮󣬲ʲôõɡ
Ҳұ֤Ƶ˱Ͼ£ҿǴӽԺ󲻷Щ£ЩˣҲ޷ˡ
ֻôˡε̾һ
غվĲɣǵɽµ
λʩѾˣλɽȥһʲô˵
Ļ»ڱվʵͷɵɽȥˡ
¾Ͷлˣл
˵仰֮һȻʹĶҴҵɽ
˳˹ţСɽµұ
Ȼ˳ȥسеľƵ꣬Ǹһͼֽŵ
ԶԶĿŶӻ͸ղɽʱֱˡǸ˾ͱˣͬʱǷһ׮¡
Ҳ˵̫ˣΪԷһǸϽǳСŮ֣Ȼ󷢶ŮһȻĻԺ󻹲֪Ҫʲô¶ˡ
ؿЩΣɵÿѣͺĻǳʲô
ģһҾǳС֮һ쵽ǰ
ԶĲܻ㣬ǸӣɽæȥЦ˵СѾȫˣб¡
˾ͺãȥ֮Ҫӹ̣ܽʡСٳȥ¡
ģȥ֮Ұص£ٸҳȥ֣㶯֣ҾͰȴˡ
غһŸα㡣
Ҹ׼ʮñҵһп㿴вУ
ǮǲˣǮûа취ЩϽġ
ǸΪô죿
ӣһ룬ҿ۵Сξϣȫ··ǳ㣬һ·
Ҳ۾һһð취ԼԺϵ۵ʱҲ࣬ÿһȥ۶۵ð
ãôˣȥˡ
šҪץ졣
ӸصԼ׼ʱ򣬷ڿŵϷء
Сӱˣº˵
˸׵Ļ̧ͷһۣ鲻ԸİѱʼǱԹˣŲ˸׵ԡ
Ǹʲô֣ûƬ
֣׼ŵϱѽ
һۣȻ˵˵ô죿


047 
û취ֻǽŮϢ˸ס
ԭŮ٣ˣģûôˣϾΪֲǲ黧ڡ
ֱ֣֮ԼĶô°Ķ
ûŮĵ绰
⵹УT֮Ҹ˲绰
ʱûϵ㣿
Щ̧ͷ˸һۣŵͷ˵Ұĺˡ
Ҳ̲סǰһơ
Ȼ򣬵ȴκεԹԣֻӲš
Ѻҡ
˸׵Ļҵæóֻ˰죬ҵǸŮĵ绰
绰ԼֻȻǸŮ˹ȥ
õ绰ܿͽͨˣڵ绰һߴһŴ˭
һ£Ȼ˵ĸס
С˳ʱĳĬ飬С˷ǳš
ᾭḻѽڶڶС˼ͲµĲˣ̾ͿڣСǸ
ʱ˲һֱҽԺҲ֪֮飬ոԺһЩ˵ǵ飬ⲻ̾ʹ𣿡
ٻһСȻոձƭһΣǶԼһҪ˵ģƭ˵ġ
СôˣǲʹĻϿа취Ρ
֮аĵͷСﻹǺģȻƭСȻŸβ
ллˣѾˣΪĸһ㣬˳̸һ̸С顣
绰еСЩˣСѾҪˣҲ֪ô졣
ʲôҪˣϹ룬ҪǸ˼Ҵȡ
˵仰֮󣬳Ĭһ£Ȼ˵ʲôطɳȥ㣬ȵ˼̸
һ룬Ȼ˵С˼𣿡
ȻҪȥ㡣
Ļ绰С̾Ϳ
ţһԭȵĵطС֪
ãǾôˣһ¡
˵绰֮վһԵ˵̰˸ҴСŵҪﲻˣôʰ㡣
ҲȫķˣԼɵഺ껪ôҪȥˡ
һСʱ֮Ͳܻ㣬ڿ֮м˺һ١
Сﱻֺĸ߸ˣԣĿڶͲܻ㡣
´һﰵĵͷӵ۹⻹ǲģǰ͹̣ʵƯ
ܻҲԿϱ۹⿴١
ܻ֮Ҳ⣬һǵӲģҲãԺϱദӦòʲôìˡ
Ͳܻ㻥࿴һۣȻ󶼰ĸԵͷ
ڴһ֮󣬲ܻЦݣվԼ¡
ʱίˣǼСǸģԺ󿴶չˡ
ûûУС˺ܺõģһֱչҡ
˵֮۵վһԵһۣȻͨĵͷ
Ȼˮɣദķǳ죬Ҳ顣
һ˳һٷ֮پĶм˵С񣬵õʲôںõûУ
˵ʱЩ˸
ʲôˣһ۾ͿСеĲ
룬ȻҪΪһˣǻǴ촰˵ĺãʡԺи
Сһơ֪֪
֮ȦϾͺˣһĵĿ˿ԵȻõͳ˵֪ƾµġ
֮ϴһ˿΢ЦСﲢû˵ѣЩˡ
ţȻ¾˰ɣԺ󶼲Ҫᡣ
šҳô˵ˣЦݣָӡ
ھ͸СƣԺСͲˡ
˵ʱپʹ·ȡһѼС
һæֹ
ţ鷳ˣ鷳ˣСѾˡ
ôܣĶš
Ҫ֪ӹܹ⿪ƵľûмЩƵˣʹסɱģֻйԹԵ»صŮԡ
СĶǾȣоҪСһɫȻĻԺ޵Լʱ䳤˻衣
tҲЩϵģүүʶһ̵ĸˣʹһʲôСˡ
ĬаԼڵĸƣҪڵӹơ
ôһȻûκεķӦ
ڣ¶𾪲ѵɫԼµƣı˽⿪ˡ
ϵ𾪣ҲһĽ
һٲŶڶ˵ܴܲҼһλˡ
ʲô
֪ڻܹʹ÷ѾǷëǣԴҳڣûмһĸˣȥݼһ¡
ʵٻһЩû˵Ǿǲ֪ʲôʱʼԭķѾˡ
ЩԭΪаĶܹһЩ
Ϊʮ置ĹǵĽͷٵķչ
֪Щһ£һҲãȻԼΪ鵥Ӧòʲô˼ѰѹأǸ
ðɣùҪȥλˣһ·飬һȥˡ
ллˡһȸԾ
ҵıסĸƤ£Ȼסһ
ٵķ䣬޵ԱߣֻҪһз紵ݶǱ߾ܹ֪
öžĲ֮ġ
ڼִ֮ȥһΡ
үӶϱǳ⣬ͱ̬ȼ֮󣬾һСȥϼңĸĸ׵顣
õһ˵ĳŵĸдһ绰
ԴӼ֮ܳ󣬾پҲûкͼϵ
ٻҵʽ֮󣬾ͺͼϵȴַ飬ٸͲҺͼ˵
绰һͨһ߾ʹһֱ
ǲ㣿˵仰
˶̱ˢס
ȻһԵʵ֮󣬶ҲԽԽãڼɫãȥץ֣ա
ٺµƽ
֣ҡ
֪绰ʱĶǲǱƭˣϿңǼһˡ
绰һȻʮֵĴֱȴ˶ŨŨĹġ
֪ôģپôˣһůٵӿ


048 ȷ
֣tС
٣Ӳˣϱһֱܵߣ㻹Զ
ٱʵƿԣʱȷʵ뷨ԶԶģʡü߶
ô˵ˣˣҸ㣬һü
绰ǱߵȻʮǿӲǴȴŨŨĹġ
̸֣ˡ
һ仰ѶǸİ˵
ô£ǲǱĸС۸ˣ£ھ͸Ϲȥ
żҺС
ҲУţҺϾͶ
˵仰֮󣬵绰͹Ҷˡ
ºܿͱ֪ˣԴ˵ûжൣģϾԼĶӺѾһ
ٵĸ֮󣬶Ӽ䣬ѵĻܰŮȥɣ
˵ʱԴأһ֮󣬾רĵоǱش׷
ոտǰ׺Щצ
ΪҪ׷ӡʹȣû
˼ȥֻȻһˣıʦ˼ʲô취
˵ɾ͸ɣڵڶһ͹ţͽɽȻһֱTнۡ
۵ʱĴͣȥʱȴ˳ҲΪظпףȻĻŲûǮء
˵ˣ⳵Ƿ㣬ٶȿ죬ҪһСʱ·ֻ̣ʮӾ͵۵ɽ¡
˳Ȼ˳ɽ·ֱۡ
һ·㷢ۻԭһķڹſСģǰֶ˼ˡ
ſڣӴ͵һʿ㣬ϸĴһ£ϳǰڵҵʦ塣
ǸϽȥһ񣬡ʦ塣
ͷʵʦ˼ҿڣ
ʦ壬ںԺ
ˣɣҽȥˡ
˵֮󣬾ͽ˵ۣȻӴ˺Ժ
׵ľҵķҡ
ţȻ˵ʦϣ
һĻң˺һ߲Ŵ
ɡ
źţ۾ĴһɨַҵıҳһţĹҵģ±ߺһЩʲô
Ҳɵӣ᲻۵ȥʦʲô
ͽϣ꼣ʦ
ϵϷɣʵ㲻ڹ۸ʲô
ýʦ֪ͽһΰһ̣ǸʦͽһؼͽЩʦ
Ϊģڼʵ飬һ
ʲôʡֻҪǲҳǮʲôУﻰ
æӻȡǱش׷Ȼ˫ֵݵǰ
ϵʿӹ㷭˼ҳͰⱾӵһԡ
Ա߿ֱѵⱾϽʵʦѵⱾⲻ𣿡
ϵʿĿһۣû뵽ⶼִˣΪЩġ
Ϊʦɲô˵Խһתİ취
ⱾûʲôģԺؾ¥УĶ߰˱Ҫϲȥؾ¥һˣαط顣
ʮֵĲ죬֡ش׷Ӧʮĵ飬ôʦĿֶˡ
ʦ޵ؼӦø𣿡
ʲôصģֵ飬Ÿ֮䶼ཻĲˣֻҪѧϰʲôѧ
黹һ仰ûк˵ǾؼҲûʲôãڵⶫ֪ǲƭ˵ģôͣûмκһѧᡣ
ɲôΪЩòˣ˵ȴʮؼ
ʦôͽ׼һ£ͽʸⱾؼô
֮ÿɷ񣬶ǿʼĻ
ϣѽǵ֮ʵǳĽţҪͻһЩǮǿԲˡ
һ㶵ģʦ˵˰죬Ҳ֪ʲô˼
ϵʿʵû취ˣֻǴ촰˵
֪һҪǮһθڹҪұֶǮΪô׾С
ھɵҲ֪ʦ˼ˡ
ǰ㻹ûа취ͳǮոһ룬ĥһ£Ӧô¡
ʦ֪һҪǮ
̸Ǯ⣬۾Ͼͬʱͽܣѵô̵ʱ䣬һ죿
Ҳûж٣ʦͽķϣʮʣµһ㶼Ҫˡ
һ룬ǿԣóǮԼмܸеˡ
ʦû⣬ʮѾ׼ˣʲôʱз£
ϵЦ̧ͷƶˣֱӾʹ̸ǵקһPos͵ǰ
ˢ˿֮ǾͿԾС
ûκεɣӻȡпֱӾˢʮȥ
ڹס죬֮Ǿ;з¡
Ƕлʦˡ
ϵʿڰ֣ʦͽ֮˵Щʲô
ֻһᣬҪǹϵãҵǮѽʮɶҵѪǮ
ʱס
֮۵Ĺ㳡Ͼһʢķ¡
Ϊֵ֣Ź̾ǣϵʿдһݱģȻ֮ͥౣϲԵȸ׼뱱һԱ٣Ȼ󽫱˾һٽ㡣
ϲͬûͬû֪ʽ֮һöӡ£ӡһ׺֣ȻǸַһžӦԪն
㿴öӡʮֵĳ¾ɣһͲģӦԭȵķ
ʽͲˣڻãͼһھнУҪҵҲǸ߹ġ
Ҫߵݲ֤Ƿ½̳У½ټ֮ǡ
ʣµľҪȥˮĥˡ
еʽ֮͸ʦ»ص˷С
ʳԼеɻ
ʦҿӡºġ
Щ죬ûӡӿ֮ⷿзġ
ΪһϿ٣Ҫһöµĵӡ£Ϻõ׻ľⶫǼǮƣһ˿̣ҲһǮ
Ϊ˽ʡλԵⷿзһ磬ڿⷿ׶˷öӡ¡
ϵʿɲܰѻ˵ˣĻ㻹̰ǱǮ
öӡǱ۵ıѾмʷˣļӳ֣ķǳǿ󣬱Щ¿̵ҪǿࡣҪΪͽܣҲŲðˡ
˵ʱϵʿĿһۣ˼˵͵ְɡ


049 ׷
ĽͣҲǷǳĸл
ʵǳöӡһļӳִ֣Ҳһ裬ǵԼУǾһǳķ
סһ죬֮ǣҴҵĻԼĵȥˡ
صұʱ򣬷ѾһѵĽģҽ
Դ˻Щأ⿴ҪľұҲʮָԣһôֱʣ
ߵڣͿ֧Ҵҵ߹ˡ
վһվл˵
㼱æͣ½Ų
֧ԣһȻ˵·ܸ֮ܲЩʩӸҲ˳·һ¡
㱻ֵĪʲôʱҪ·ˣ
֧飬ִˣûʩӡ
֧֮̿ʼӵۡ
ҵ˵ϹʩѾʼɽ·ˡ
һԼҲˣǲ
֧ɣҸոմTлȷʵ֪ʲô£һȥʩһʣ㿴ɺã
֧鿴ȷʵƭԼǺðɣһȥ
֧㣬ʩӵİ칫ҡ
ǰ칫һŰȫñˣһͼֽͣıȻ
֧һžͶ˺ҵˡ
һ֧æ̧ͷԻһʿ
Ǻ֧һкȻǰ
λǵ۵ɣ
һףȻ˵ƶ
æȥ֣Ȼڰ칫ҵɳ¡
⼸ڣǵʩӻû̿ѾϣֻҪһ£ϾͿԿʼ·ˡ
λʩƶûϵ̶·ѽ⵽ô£
㾹Ȼ֪еԵʣҲЩ֣Ҫ֪̿Ѿǩ˺ͬǮҲѾһѵǸϰûкк
ŵ³ǹ˾ǩ˺ͬίǰɽ·޺ãѵ㲻֪𣿡
Դ˻Ĳ֪һԷĽͣҲôˣӦǸҪֺԼ˽ﰲŵġ
ԭǰҰʩһ飬Ӧĸл
ǵģȻˣǲӦ̿
һ£¶ԼûʲôʧǼ¡
ðɣ̿ɣǲ֪ʲôʱܹ깤
ŵһµʱ䣬ΪϾɽ·ǻҪһЩʩĸ죬ϵʱҪһЩ
һо鷳ʩˡ
鷳鷳
̸ǽеĲˣһԵ֧ȴͣĸʹɫ
ҲЩΪѣԼǮ·Ļڰһ·ˣҲһ仰顣
ڱϾԼǮ
ԼԺҪұطôøһ
ʩƶһ󡣡
л뽲
ұе·Ҳǳƾˣܲܳһɽ·ұ·Ҳ˳һ¡
֮üͷɫҲЩÿ
ССҲʹӦˣұ·ĳȿɲ̣ҪǴӦ㣬ǹ˾ĵ׵
ʵûа취·ǲ̣Ҫ˵Ļʾѿûط
֮Աߵ֧鿴һۣ˼ѾˣֻԷӦ
֧ɲǾô׷ġ
ڼ㲻ã
㿴ֻɽ·ҪǻTеĻһκܳĴ·ҪߣҲʮֲ㣬к˳·Ҳһޡ
˿֧飬¶˿Ц
֧Դǹ˾פұ֮󣬾ͷĹҪ˳ǵ·Ҳˣǵ˷ƶһ
ҪɣҸ³绰Ǳô˵
ãô졣
ҡҡͷ֧ó˵绰ͨһߡ
ιʲô𣿡
³ãһѾˣ׼Ϳ
ãǾ;ʩоҪһҪʱܹ̿Ļٴ롣
³ģұ֧ϣܹ˳ұĴ·ҲһޣûԤ㣬˼ʲô
绰֮һ㶣ϺϾˣұ֧ǵͷߣĵ۾ĵ֮ϣҲܵϼһ
Ϊܹǰиõӡڵ绰ʼ
û⣬Ȼˣô˳Ǵ·Ҳһޣںͬ⣬˹ǩһͬˡ
֪֮ͨλ³еĵλˡ
绰ҲˣģǾһʼʩ
ǾͶлʩˡ
㿴ѾˣͿʼָǣΪװһˣǾȥʼ
֧ڻɽ·ϣ֧һ·ĸл
Ǳ֧飬˳ɽ·ص˵УԼĵϣžһķɡ
ʦ㣬ȻŻصԼķУȲóǱش׷
Ȼ˵ϰŷǰʽѾˣ˵ʵԼŬʱ
ǰĸʽֻӵϰŷĻᣬܲ޳ɣ޳֮󣬶ҪԼŬ
óⱾϸĿ˿ҪⱾҪԼͷڣ£ɫġдˣִͯӣӡͯȻĨɽ޳ǰ󡣼̶ְаԺӡζ𾫽ٴ̻Ϊ׵ǹ˾Ƽǰ̨ǹͷҫñͷϣǰñ֮ء
ҪʱƣԼԪĺʹеĻںϡ
ڹ֮أڴ񣬵Ԫɺһ룬仯ǧ棬
ⶼ飬ֻһտʼˣûǸ͡
Ԫ֮⣬һҪĲ裬Ǿǲɼ
ڹŴҪɼ׵֮ǼֱܹɹһٸҲûһ
ǣִҪɼ׵֮׶ˡ
Ҳ׼ֱӴԼİȡһѹ
ѹرģѹ220ֻ48ǰȫѹûκε˺
㽫ѹ嵽˲֮ϣһֻűѹһˡ
յѹһ˵ʱ򣬾͸оһĸоȴ
֪ʱˣĶĬĬĹ룬ĵԼ塣
ȻԣϷϵãո
Ե;ĵʼԼĵﴦ㼯


050 ֪ߵغ
ߴΣҲɼ˵ߴΣ͸оһı͸С
˴˴֪ٽȥˣĻ̲
־ͷſ˱ѹͬʱʼչ
չ֮󣬾ͿʼԼ塣
ֻڵ︽һڣͬʱҲܹӦڵһ˿˿ĵĴҴܡ
ȻǵڻҲܹڤڤеĸӦֻҪȵȫ֮󣬽ħ練ơ
⻹㣬һ׷㻹оԼǰġ̫ҽּֽһ
̫ҽּĽоʮֵ⡣
Ҫ֪׷ǽħ⹦Ļô̫ҽּйĻҲ㽫ĸ
һεȻúܳʱ䶼ûн̫ҽּֿʼɶǰ֮ϲ
ģѵ۵һأͿʼڷ׷
һֱȵһµʱɽ·ҲѾ޺ˣ·ǰۣǰȥչ̵
ﶮЩװģȥһȦںͬǩ֣ǹᡣ
ĵڶ죬ؾʹżǰݷ㡣
أ㻹ǷǳģԼĴ
㽫ԼƳˣſڣһӭķ
ȵԷֱ֮ע⵽һС
ȻͬǣУСһơ
ؼڿСæΪǽܡ
СӵŮ٣Ƕ޵ˣԺ׽
⻰ǲмƲƲ
Դܹ磬ܹϰ֮ͶЩʮֵĲм
ǸСȻ˵ʮֵĵǿıҲ֪Ĳм
飬Ҳĸ˵֪ԭЩʿǣҵĹΪа
Դӳֻ置ĸֹչ
ĸֵʿȴƭ˵ģ˽ҲͲЩʿˡ
ڼ㾹ȻҿԼЩŭһ֪֪置Ҳǳصġ
㲢֪ղԼСƣѾС
ĵȻء
ԭؾ۾ٽͣǰΪһҵϳƣһƽ¡
ȻⳡҲǰģָʮǮǮ
һյôǮǳĸˣǰ챻ԼʦһʣҲһЩˡ
̸Щ֮ػһת
иʱʮֵĲ˳Ҳ֪ʲôȥ￴һǲǷˮ⡣
ЩԸ⣬һ˼ôйȥЩëƤС¡
ȻûпھܾҲϵĲ죬̾Ϳ˵ǸʮоûҷǳϲύˣӦСæһĵġ
֮۾һԴ֮󣬶ڽǮǰࡣ
ȻʱҾһˣ˵ãޣĲܸתˣҲҪԹҡ
ҪģֻҪȥһˣǸˣܲܳɹǾͿˡ
һ룬ԼȻЩСǶڷˮ鲢֣Ӧϼ죬Լʱţü鿴һ
Ȼһʱ䣬ٸ绰ʱʩɳңҲȥһλѡ
һ̾Ц棬Ǿô˵ˣҾ͵ŵĵ绰ˡ
Ҫȥһٷ׷˾Ծܾˡ
ضԴҲûΪʱǰǰѾ˽Ĳˡ
Ȼ֪λʲôȻڶ̶̵ʱ֮ھķ
һȴʮֿ϶ģǾλԴ֮󣬾ͺٳţ˵ȫһլʿ
һ˸ǵʱǸپȻĵĴ󷽵Ĺ֡
ԴҲ⣬òԵĺһա
˵һ֮󣬱һιؽţʼ׷
һǰȴоǳĲͬ
ǰʱǰѱİܿܽ붨ʼֻ棬һȴһϰͣ谭Լ
֮⣬ЩҲڵ֮вͣԾ
ڴСҲһ޵ˣַ֪̾Լ⡣
һԼʱҲûʲôѽִѵʲô̵ĸˣ
뷨ۣ֮̾ʼ۲Լ塣
ֻۣܹ֣ܿϵ
һ⣬ôһң۾ܿһңжĸطв
֮ҿѾǲɫģǺڰɫ
Լȥ
ǴɨһԼ壬ָûʲô⣬Щ֣Ȼ£ΪʲôԼһֱ޷붨׷Ҳʼʾ
üͷʼڶι۲Լ壬һοǿϸÿһɨ衣
һķδ˲ͬһɵĺӰԼѪ֮С
ϸĹ۲죬淢ֲӰʲôͬ
ӰԲвңⲿ֣Ҫ̾ԼȻ˳Լ
ڷֶ֮ǳĳһ
ֻҪܷ⣬ôͺðˡ
һ룬ҪԼʲôˣʱ벻
ǲ֪ԷʲôˣҲҪһ
ǰһῪ̳öͷ߼
һûжԷëֻ֣һϢЩûôˡ
׷Ȼ׷ܹ彵ħҪ߽ڵɺװ쵽ġ
׷ӦΪѸڵĺ֮Ҳܹ˳Ӧµ֪ʲôҪԼ
뷨֮Ȼóһֱûʹõơ
ƣ׹ֳ֣⣬յظ飬ɷ¶أ籱뷡
ոڵǹͿʼͻȻɧ˳ľʼӡ
Ҫ˵ʮֵİԵӵʱһ˼˵ľ
Ҳ֪ģһûбİ취ֻڵǹɺ
ǽȴʮֵĲ죬ǾȻѸٵĴǶھȴûκεˡ
⻹㣬ĸҲʼӦҿʼһ˿˿ɢԼӹ
ʱȲ˵Щ˵գۼѾǰ͸ֳ޵ĵ⡣
ںһɨǺ̾ͻ˻ҽ
ڤڤ˳ʧĺӦڵʮһ


051 С
ʱͻȻоһļ£ͬʱϵĸҲʼͣ˺ҧԼķΡһ۵ͷֱð
ʹֵܹסġĸܵĿѣʲô
ҲףԼʩĹƣѾԷˡ
ҺԼһֻѵѵûʩչĹĻһηɾͲôˡ
ǽţپ͸оһĿ⣬ڤڤ֮пԼ
ٸеľ
ѵǸʿôȻԷԼʩĹ
ܿ죬پͰͷ׵Ժ
Ϊ¸ܵģĩʱҲЩаܹʩչһЩ
֮ʿΪ츳ܹǿĹܶߣ
ԼĹѾ˹Ŀ࿴ˣҪڤڤзԼֻԶʱڵĴܲ
ȴ֪ѾͨڤڤĸӦֶΡ
֪˭Լ°֮Ҳòᡣ
˵ʵԼǰģԼǰ˵˼ûƾ¹£ҾͲĹ
û뵽٣ȻԵ޹ʵùԼԹ¡
ȻԼҲҪһ֪Ҫ۵ġ
¶֮˴ٸղĵطϸѰҡ
ʲôأͷ
ϸѰڴӵϼһͷ
ղĳپˣͷֶֻƣͷһԾٵġ
һֽͷϸİãȻźá
Щ֮»صϣһοʼ׷
ղŵ飬һʮֵ˳ܿͽ˶ʼԼϣȻǰԭȵķʼɼ
һصԭȻҪ˳࣬ɼٶȱԭȿɡ
һӦøɼ׵֮תһȦ֮һ˿ۡ
ϣһֽһֽˣȻȡ˰ҵٵͷֱֽ֮ϡ
Ȼ㿪ʼ̳
һеǴС֮
С˼ǲضˣҲضضô͹ķ롣
ĴС֮Ҳô򵥣Ҫ桢Сˡ׻ԣ˸ɡ
һ׳ʽʮֵϽģκһ⣬ܹɹ
俴øЬȥϵֽˣֻһοûκεķ
ô˵ɣһֱ˰ҹʽɡ
ʱڼʮ֮٣˯ء
ͻȻһڤڤеϣһӾͰͷϵѹȥһЩ
һУٸͲ֪
ڶ糿ʱ۾׼¥ȥԷһСʧ㣬ֱӴ¥Ϲȥ
ٵʧ㣬һ˲ûзϣΪСû˯ѣһСĲŵµġ
ֻϽٷ
ôôСģˤûУ
۵ֱ죬Ĳڿ˼ֳʹһж
Ҫ˵ȻŮӣôʵСͿʼǰġ
һȻ¥ϹǳЩƤ֮⣬û˼ͷ
ص˼ûˣŷġ
һ䣬ȥһҽԺиˣڡ
֪ˣʹȥҽԺ
ڿѵĻУԼĹĻʮֵۡ
һԼˤһҲʲô£Աһֱչ˰οˤҲġ
ڽԷʱ鷳ں࣬Ա˵һ仰ôһĹһȫܡ
һ²ûٱȥ
Աߵһĺһ߰ο˺óʱٲǻ
ʱҲЩԾ
Ѿͷ̫ù˰ɣǰҲûðʧô£
ֻԼеĲ²⣬Ҳûеź˵
ٵ飬еĲ²⣬ӵĿ϶ˡ
ΪٲǺܣֱ죬ȻΪԷҧͷ
֮һٷʱٵùûֹͣ
ҲоԼԾˡ
극֮Ͼ˦һܻ˷䣬ϸԼĸ״һ绰
ҽЩͷùһһ
绰һͨپȲİԼĸԼĸ˵һ顣
绰һ߳Ĭһ£Ȼһͳ
Ҹ꣬һ꣬ôù˵飬Ӧ˱˸ѹסˣʲôֵ𣿡
һ£˵ֵ飬ǾһʿҸСʩչơ
𣿡绰һͷɻƱƣĽҲĸܴ˲жˡ
ٳһ£Ǻĸ˵ԭ
Ҽǵʿʱһѵʩ˹ܿǹͱˣڽҾͿʼùˣ˵᲻йأ
ǾˣԷȻƣضЩ͵ġ
ٵĸͣһ£Ȼ˵ĩʱڣԣֻħаܹԷӦöʩչʲôа
ĸ׵ĻҲʼ
һҲ·ϣΪǸͲϻзһ¡
ЩˣȻĩʱڣȻʩչһЩûеֶΣȻڵӵ˽⣬֪ڵʩչķаħݶ
˶ˣɲǺ顣
˵ô죿һ᲻Σգ
㲻صģ㸸Ѿ˷ɻƱǾͳ˷ɻTȥڿʼУҲȥ
ãһɻСȥǡ
ٵĸڱ˰֮󣬾͹Ҷ˵绰
̾ͽĸϾҪϢغ
˵δ׼ҹҪ̾ԼĶȥӭӡ
ȴĸ׵Լ岻Ϊɰǰȥӭӡ
ҪȻڵĴӦ
ֻﶢٳ˼
￴ʮֵĹɣֲ֪ڵˣôĸȥһ£
ӵʱ񿪳ǰȥδ˺ĸ
һ˴ĵȴһ˳һСʱ֮ٵĸĸҵı
һٿſڣѸĸӵ˿֮С
غٵĸĸ֮ϸĹ۲ĸ׵ûʲôųʮֵĴ׳ӦһµͶˣ֮ûʲôرġ
ٵĸףȴһͻֱð
ԭλٵĸסŮһ۾񿴲ϸĻȴ۾вʱһ˿Ѫ졣


052 ֽ
ٵĸĸոTУֻǻĽһ£̸һٺ飬֮ͰϢˡ
ȵû˵ʱٵĸŮŮķ䡣
ô¶ճô鷳
Դ뿪ĸ֮󣬲֪ߴڼбĸţֱ֮
ΪȻĸãȻȦһ˵ĸ׵ĻС
һŮ̾Ůĺ˵£ء
˵仰֮Ůͱ۾һ۵ʱǸʧ۾ȴ˸Ĺâ
ڳŮǰģһƬڰɫ硣
ŮתͷԼŮͷȥֻﱾȼʢѻѾѹֻʣһС顣
ŮɲԼŮһǸӣһ֪Ů䡣
ʩ˷ӲѹŮѻʱʮֵĵù
Ů۾ðų˺⡣
Ҫ֪ŮŮͷ⣬ԴӳԼ˵һػھȻ䣬̵ܹס
ĸ׻пһŲ˼ã˲ᡣ
ˣԱô£˵һ˵
ĸȻǽСЩԸˡ
ϹԱԱĽУҶˡ
ãǼҹԱѾǴˡ
ٷ˷۾ĸʵûа취
پͽʱľĸ˵һ顣ʱٻСĵĿĸһۡ
ʱŮѾɫ࣬ΪŮTһѣû뵽ľҪûŮƣĽ֪ôء
ǹԱԺʲô㣿
ĸǰҲ׼װˣɫʮֵǳε˵ô죿ҶˣպŹ¡
ŮԼŮĳݣв̧̣ŮͷȻ˵ԱҪ㲻Ҵˣָ˺󻼡
ҪʱҺܺõģҲϣ¡
ŮŮżӣ̾һ
Ҫĸһɱﵣкƣ⼸ĸ׾͸ϣӽԺֻҪ˲е˼겻ȡ
֮һ룬ĵ˵ͷ
кƣҲ˵置ҲǷǳ棬ȴеƺͽƻҪ˾η
ֻΪƽǣֻҪй֮˷ʩΪĴ£̷ߵ
Ǻþôˡǽ˵һ˵ôģ
һ룬һһʮĸ˵֮ĶԹ
Ů֮Ĭ˺ܳʱ䣬Ȼ˵ұΪԭʿѾĲˣû뵽ﾹȻһ޵ʿ
Ҫ¾ˣҾùҵͻؿʼӦùһʱûˡ
Ҳ֪ģһĸ׳ֻܵʲôˡ
ŮŮͷȻ˵ãԱġǾʱˡ
һȻſĸ׵ĻУȻ˯ȥˡ
ʱŮŮţСʱһĺ󱳺˯
۹ȴ
ȵϣҹ˾ʱŮͻȻӴȻԱɷһɷ̾˯øˡ
Ůɷ˯ˣĵվԼȡһС̳
ȻС̳ϣȻڴ̳ǰϹƷڴ̳ǰߵס
֮䣬˺һŮŴȡ˼ֽȻüΡ
Ѽεֽ˷˴̳ǰݡ
һŮĸоһٵֽϣһó˼ԼָһСӡ
ѪʱŮѸٵֽϻһ䡣
Щ֮Ůһνֽ˷˴̳ǰʼݡ
һֽ˺ʹ̳˹ʼһ
̳ƽǸֽȴԽԽֽ˾ȻһվȻڴ̳ǰ˼
Ů¶Цݡ
ֽˣֽˣǳ⣬ȥǿУ
Ůֽ֮˾Ȼķ˺⡣
Ů˴̳ǰֽϵһ
ʱֽƮƮĴǰ뿪Ȼǰ˳ϸϸŷ˳ȥȻ뿪˱
ʱո̫ҽּ׼Ϣˡ
ͻȻڤڤкʾǿǰ
ʱ׷ȻܷųУڤڤжΣյĸӦȴԽԽǿ
һӦ̾´˵ۣȻ󼸲ǰ
ڵҹУϵķǣԼܲݴ֮⣬û״
Ҳҵģ򿪴ŵ˴еȻϥʦǰĬĬȴŵ˵ĵ
Ϊ㲻֪˵ǿҪʦֵ˵Ϯ
ֻǴ˽ʮӣ͸оܿճǵͻȻֹͣˡ
㵽оһ飬֪ˣ㿪ۣ֮⿴ȥ
Ȼкڰ׵磬ͻȻһǳĹâ˵۵Ĺſڡ
ϸһâаŵһֽˡ
ҲЩ
ǶԷǲǰҲûȡ
֮˼飬ΪǲֽǰѾͨķˡ
ⷨǵɱһ֣ʹַĶЩаΪûͳĴУԼͥڹ
޷ǲ콫ڻƶ֮γɻƽʿ
Щ˾辶εֽ֮ϣپطγɵֽȻûлƽʿôǿ󣬵ǶһĹ˵ҲȻĿǡ
ڴ˴֪֮ͨЩҲڵеĵǳĶ࣬мȤµģɲŶЩЩԡ
ʱѾ۵ֽˣͻȻϷų˺⣬źⷺģֽ˺ʼǣûмӵʱ䣬ʹһСֽˣһһɽ׵ʿ
ʿǰ˼ۿҪӽһε赲
ƽʿЩżڴſصתȦҪҳʲô
㿴ǻƽʿ޷һȻۡ
ûۣǰȴǿһ
ⶫֻ²ֳܹΣͨ۷̥ǿĶߡ
һԼĸַ󲻵òεĳϣԼЩöûκεİ취
ǰ罵ħŶеľԼϵĽ䡣
һɶߵľˣеľ²κεЧ


053 ɷ
ֽһֱڵ۴ǻֱɫҪʱŲò뿪
ֽ뿪֮ųһͬʱҲЩԼʱΪʲôûаǸӤԡ
ǸӤԼһԽִƾӤܣǸֽ˿ҲǶ֡
Ȼ֪̾ԼҪˡ
Ϊֽ֪һǱʹȻûдﵽĿģڶ컹ϮԼҪЩ
ҲʮֵķգڹŴʱһòӻִصû죬ֽϮԼôô
һֱڵ۵Ĵ֮УȵɫŸʦһ㣬ʦϵıӱʾ˸л
һ֮һͷǸУҪһ취ԸһϮֽˡ
ҵһ취Ǿǲһ״Լ۵ԺУһϮ󣬵ʱͽС
ʱܹ󷨵Ѿˣ˵Ƿëǡ
ҲܹԽ磬ƾ˷ܹ׽ܵС
Ȿ֮˰죬һġ
е󷨽ɱ
־֪ⲻһ
ɷһǳ񶾵ķsɷأһУͻҹҹԾڷڵĴݲУֱǷɢͬǧеĿһ㣬ȥֻİַҪʩ߱߱ǳߵķ޷ɷǰꡣ
㾭̫ҽּ־ôʱĶҪ˵ִҲŵġ
ڵ㣬Ѿǿɷ
һ죬ûһеĹһ춼֮л
⻭ķɷĸҪٻ֮ɢҵɷ֮ڷ֮ϡ
֮⣬Ҫ߸ۡ
󲿷ֵ£Ҫʯ㣬һûǸǮڶûǸ
ڹ߿שȻϱ߿˷䣬һεˡ
Щ֮С㳡ϣձǵķλ߿שڵص¡
Щ֮һʱѾ˴󲿷֣ʣµľϿ̳ñǵٵ֮ϣʱɷͳˡ
ոһ;öӿʼҽУԼϵڣˮδ
û취ȹԼĶӰɣҴҵĹ˹ţСɽµұǸСԵϰһ١
Ȼֺұ֧˰죬ֱ̫ɽ»ص˵С
֮ҲûйţǰԼеǸ˳䵱
ְ֮Լ׼һЩСʳ˵ɳʲôģİ˼ӵƷ֮㿪ʼ
Ŵľվڹ֮ǰǿĬĬȻڹǰԺű
ǵʿڵгõһֲΪʳ䲽еλöвתۣ̤Ƕ֮ϣֳơ̤
ԭǲֲģ⼸ϲ˲飬֪Ĵţýһʩչ
ʩչɷʹֲΪ飬ʩѸٵõǵ
̤豦еıǺͻȻڴԺеɷʼĺӦ
㿴֪Ѿ˹ؼʱ̣ȡһŷľϣҡһҡȻԱߵеš
ŷ̾ͻɻҽеһ⣬ȴԺӦλϡ
ŷ䣬ŷԺе߸שɵۣȫںһ
һ֮ĵͷֽ˲գҪȻԼ
׼ˣʮ֮ŮҲûš
Ů긽ֽ֮ϣĻȴֵ۵ʦȴֱ͸ʡ
Ǹ۸ԼŮĳʿȴڴ֮УԼֽ˲ô
Ůһοʼ飬ʱ
ֻŵĴƿȡֶߡ򼡢Ыӡڻܡ
嶾ֱŷҵ̰աɡ
Ů嶾ĺ쳾֮ǰȥĥ֮ʦ⡣
ֻŮȻǰĲ裬ֽ˼ɡ
Ȼٻ嶾ֽ˵ϣͻȻŮһֻ鳣ֱӾ˸ֽϵ嶾
嶾ϵճҺʬôֽϣֽ˿ʼһ˿Ĳ̡
Ůһηֳһ˿긽ֽϣȻʹֽ뿪ıֱ
ۻмʮɵʱֹֽͣǰ̧ͷڹֱֻ͸ʡ
ŮҲЩ룬Ҫ֪Ҳ߱˴ɽϱķ
ģȴֻǷëǡ
󲿷ֵķֻǿ𣬲ǿάһ˿˿⡣
еֱӾ
Լ׼ȻҲ˲Լ
ŮһƮǰܿһδŷ֮н˵ۡ
ɽŮùֽκһǸʿȻڴ֮ϥ
ŮҲ̾ʹ߶ֽ˱˽񽫡
ŮĶһжǰ
ֽˣɽ֮󣬱̤Ŵֱ
һ񽫲Ž⣬ϻһɲɫϢͣڵֵӴзų⡣
龰ϾΪԼȼ֮һޡ
ϮĵˣѾʦһ
Լһϣȫʦϣ¾ԼƵˡ
ڴϣĶǽ񽫣ֻͿԼµɷ
ֱӾʹӵȻץľſڡ
飬飬ǧ磬аҳзɨǧаʴͭնǿ˲ߣӹ׻ǰʦӵߣѺɽȥ󣬻ܣ̫Ͼ뷡
꣬ǵϵ߿שɵ̷ų˹âȻɵһƬеǸֽɵĽס
еŮҲһ
ܿҪ֪Լʩչķɲһ㡣
̥ڵ̵ĻƽʿȻûлƽʿͨҲһ˿ܡ
ĩ磬ֻһ˿ܾܹݺϱ
Ůƾŷ置Զ
ŮڵܾӹʼҪȥ


054 겻ȫ
ŮĬֻǽͻȻȻ͵һܣĸӾȻֳ˼֡
ڵĽ񽫣ѾһϵĽӲá
ֻǰ̤һ̾СԺʼǼ봳ȥ
е㣬һж÷ǳ
ڶԷѾ֮ôѼٷˡ
һ̤
ԺеɱҲʼ˶ֻϵǹⲻͣĽ£߸ۿʼâ˸Ȼ߾һͣǽ񽫷ȥ
ߴ񽫵壬ϵŮֻһʹһС塣
⻹㣬ŹߵиŮ͸оԼҲʼã
Ů֪ãȥԼľҪˡ
Ů߶񽫣͵ľȥ
񽫸ոսӽıԵֻͻȻ˹ߣһդһסȥ·
֮⣬ıԵ˵ɫĹâЩһӴ񽫣ϵĽͿʼڡ
񽫵ĽڣŮҲʼò֪ܿҪӲ¾ǴȥԼҲ겻ȫ
Ҳ˲ֻʩչطֻǽͻȻһȻϥ˴룬ڷĸֹѾŲʡ
Զ²ǶԷֿʲôֶΡ
㲻ҵƶ󷨣Ĺ߲ͣɨн񽫡
ߵɨϵĽ⿪ʼıڡϵҲʼ顣
Ǽʹмǽ񽫣Ȼ˿
ΪԶҪôȥʱǽͻȻһĺ⡣
źⷺڽϺֶ
Щ嶾֮ʼڽϲͣߡ
ϵĽ⾹ȻʼǲǽѾǿǿ֮ĩЩڽ񽫵ΧȻγһɫǡ
ʹĹߴɫ֮ϣȻûκεá
һ㶣ȻϷӦæľ߳Ժӣǿ֮£һν̤
ǵĹâԽԽγߵԺС
ʱѾԺеǽҲʼжˣֻ͵һܾȻڵС
תһȦȥ
ߵˣֻľڰлһ£ǹֱǸ񽫶ȥ
ǱѾԵĽ񽫣ʱܵߺͺ赲
һнɫӣЩȻֺ
ϵŮʮֵϲһԼܹƽ£ֻҪǳȥҪСʿÿ
˵ЩˣϾҪɷʱһǹ£ôϡ
ԭǺ᲻Ƶǣһ̴÷顣
ϵǹȻĥһЩǴ󲿷ڣĹâ¶˽񽫵ϡ
ǹдߵɷͬʱбǵͨķֵܹģֻһ£ǽ񽫵̾ʹһ˰˳ҡ
Էش̼ӽʩֻľ趯ܵĹԽԽ࣬ͣĴ񽫵ϡ
ڣŮҲάֲסˣŹ߲ͣĴ񣬽ϵĹâԽԽѾʧ
Źâʧǽ񽫵Ҳٵ½ζάֲסظֽ˵״
վ㣬ǽȻһֽˣʮֵ𾪡
Ϊ㿴ǳִĩʱڣȻʩչķ
ֻǾһ±ѹڻȽѹĺãЩԺ̽Ҳ١
ˣһν̤ϵǹⲻͣ£ɷ֮ϣγһɹɵ
γ֮Ϳʼ˺ɫڡ
лʱһĽ⣬ֽ֮ϡ
龰ǵ˵ͷɷˣֻҪ󷨲ƣеǸһᱻĥɢ
ˣһǷеľ·ŵ֮ϣȻһȥ˯ȥˡ
ʱڼʮ֮⣬صıŮѾ겻ȫ
ڵڷеļ̳ߣ岻ͣĳ鴤ҲʱķҽУеһһĸһ
ŮôĶܿ;˸ڷ١
Ѿ˯ͻȻĸ׷еĲҽоѣĸ׷ġ
֮ٵľͿʼɿѵĸ׳¶ˣ
뷨֮ٲҵ㴩˼·ĸ׵ķǰͣš
ô涼ûлӦ
ٸǺ£ĸܶǸ׺úõģôҲţ
ȴ֪ĸڻڴϺ˯أŮԼңʩ֮ǰԼɷϵҩҪú˯һ
ٵⷬܿͰ˶ˣܹ鿴
٣ôˣ
ټˣҵĹһһӾĻУ޳
Ǻ¶ˣ˰췿ţҲû˿
ٵĻæѶϣϸȻŮͣ
ʱصѾΧǰֱӷԸȥȡԿףϿ쿪š
صһ仰ڳˡ
ȥáкһҴҵ뿪ˡ
֮һԿ״Ҵҵظ˹ǰֱӾͰƿȻҳ˷ŵԿףŴ򿪡
һڳ˱һӵ˷䡣
ӳǣŮһ̳ǰͣİ
ɷڴϺ˯ӵȻ֪顣
ֹһ⡣
ڲǿʱ򣬽ְ˽ŵĽŮϡ
ȻüˣϿ绰оȻ
ڴѾ޵
ôˣúõĸĸһӶ£һ²壬һصĴ
Ȼ÷ǳ죬ܿˣͱȻ͵˸ҽԺ֮С
ҽԺһϵеļ飬ǣǳ˲ԭĴҩԵ˻˯
Ůȴʮֵĸӣһϵеļ飬ûκε⡣
˵ڴڰԵ״ԼǲͣİҽͷһԴҲ޲ߡ
ֻǸʹϣܹӻʹ
ֹۼȻǴȥˣǶŮ״ȴûκεĸơ
ҽҲûа취ˣֻܰŮ͵֢໤ңٶ֢ơ


055 
ڶʱٵĸѹ
ڻ֪Լʲôѹ֮ԼѾ˯ĵطΧһȦˣеء
ôˣΧʲôط
ŵٺҵ˷йһ˵˸׵ϣʼʹ޺
Ȼ˵֪ʲôǶŮʮ۰ģ޵ôңæİο
ˣôˣĺˣ
ٸͲ׵Ļֱ˺óʱ䣬˵Ȱ˵֮½˱
֮˵һ顣
֮ϾԳ˽ɫ
ŮôޣȻ˵Ůûд置ĹԼǶЩҲǶĿȾ֪һЩ
˵Ůٽǰ˽֪ʶܿжϳŮ˻ꡣ
ӦŮʩչĳַʧܣǱһ֪ĵطұʲôѹ˺ЩͨŮ귴ӳϣŮŲͣİ
ӳ飬ҲɲסˣһƱ˴ҪȥŮ
һæǰסȻ˵ոѣϢһȥĸ
Ӷˣɵס
˵֮ͼֵҪȥŮ˼龰ҲֻǴӵڵĲ
ŮǱ͵֢໤ңǺܿͷ֣˰֮⣬֢״ȫ˾ͱתһĲ˵ʵҲǺĲˡ
Щ˽˲ֻ֮ŮѾ֫˴Ľǡ
ŮҲ岻ͣĳ鴤Ťеİûһֹͣ
龰̾ᣬ˵ǰŮŵ˵ӣôˣѡ
ʱҲĸ׵Ĵǰϣͣᡣ
ҲλԱߵĺŮͻȻһ۾ǿʹ˵ٵۣȥҡ
˵֮Ů˻밧֮С
غŮĻ࿴һۣж֪ʲô
ڵ۵ȴ˽תͷ׼ңô¶
˿٣˵һλǳ˲ĵǰǼңҾͲ˽ˡ
ʵڷǳߡ
ղŵһѾ˳Ůʩչȥҵ۹鷳Լ
̬ȲʮֺãҲЩתͷԼŮʵ˲˵ô£˵ɡ
ټŭĿԲ֪Ҫǲ˵ʵ׵İƿ¾Ҫˡ
ģĸ֮ʱҾͰѹƵĸ˵һ飬ţǲұȥҵ۹鷳ȥˡ
֮Ҳ̲סˣǰһư˵ϡ
Աߵٱæǰ֮䡣
Ȼ״ˣһȴûпޣֻĬĬĴӵվȻ˵һһ˵ǳģھȥۣҲĸ׾ȳ
˵֮תҪ뿪
ʱһֱվԱߣû˵ؿˡ
ô嶯ûеصĵز
صĻ̾Ϳһߡ
Ҫȥһ˵ۣƾôҲŹ׼ĸ
һԵ˸׵ĻҲֻǵͷ̾һ˵Ҳֻˡ
٣үүĻЩˣֱӾ˵ѵûˣֱӵָȥ
غĻһֿɵһĿ⿴
飬Ǹ浽֣ô˼Ҿ˵
ѵ˼Ҿ죬۵нŮ꣬˷Ƿн
ⲻǳ
˵֮Ҳʲô̱˸ͷҲˡ
һǾһǰȥڣǸҲܿҵķϣܹᷢ䡣
ٵڲ֮УĸףΪҺ嶯ˡ
ڵ㣬ȴո𴲣Ժ֮УϱѹǸֽˡ
ֻֽ֮²ͣİΪɷųĹâ֮⣬ϵҲ˺
ֽ˿ҲЩͣ£ֽϷһĺǿĵסϵ⡣
㿴ⲻֹʣֽۣȻܹһʱס⣬ĵȴ֮
ĿһУûκεĸԤ
Ȼҵ鷳ǾҪи۵׼
ָֻ֮յϢȥʼΡ
æ֮󣬴ҴҵĳԹһټªͣͿʼ̫ҽּ
̫ҽּĸһҲ¡
֮󣬾׷
׷ĿǰΪķֻɹܹųףŸһصȥ
ĻһԽ磬¾ͻᱻǸ֣ʱⲻ
Ź꣬Ҳʼ׼緹ˡ
緹Ҳǳļ򵥣һһĵĻҪиȡ
ʵ㲻ܰѷˣѾǷǳ˲õˡ
ʵÿͷģǺܾˣΪʵ̫ˡ
һոհѷãûȳԵʱ
һ£ԴۣһϹ֮⣬ƽͺ͡
ƽǰ㣬Ҳʱⶼˣ˭ţ
վߵſڣ˹ţһԭشһվſڡ
أ㻹ǷǳĵģΪֻͣһηʮ򣬶һѵĸԼ·һ顣
ʩ
ϵĸʱǳãҲƽ˳
ֺ˴кȻͰý˴Ժ
Щ˽ԺʱһֻڴԺмһƴֽˣ²ͣĲ
ֽ˿ŷǳᣬʱܱ紵һܲǷζķ紵ֽϣֽ˺Ǳѹǧصһƶֺ
ˣ۹ŵǸֽϣæ͵λʩغ¡
ʩаǰңƶѹ
غĻ࿴˿Ȼˣֽ˿¾Ůˡ
Ȼֻ֪ҪȥֽˣŮܹԭȴûһȥֵġ
飬ҸӶЩ߶߶飬ǳĿ־壬Ҫǵ㣬Լôһ£ôһ˶Ҫù
ĺá
ʱ򣬸ȴЩ̲ס̤ǰһӽǸֽˡ


056 
ǰһץס
ͷһԭץסԼδŮ
ʲôϿſҡʵ
ҡҡͷȻ˵йŹ֣Ҫӽ
ýĻһ˦־˦Ȼһ󲽾ֽԱߣ־Ҫȥץֽˡ
һжѳе˶һ
žһŭرأж׼ҵ³çеʮֵĲá
а룺Ҷǵ˵ۣȻжʲô
վԱߵͻȻðһֱֽˣһվ˵ж
ֽԣһץֽץȴǺǧأôжֽܶ˷ֺ
˺ֽ˱ϾȻһ˿˿Ѻۡ
֮⣬УֽϱߵıĺҲ˾ҵķʱܹɢһ
ϲɵ¶˼Цݡ
Ǹ˾һϵı֪áԱߵʹһɫ
ʵ̲סˣװʾǰһϵһߡ
ũǿ׳ֻһ칫ҵģϵö
Ҳȥæ˲Ű˻
ʵһҲһֻɵӣղϲֽˣ֪һйŹ֣һϣ˳ˮ۵˻
ؼƽϢתһȻǸ˵ԭ£ղǸ˹ңҪðġ
ɫҲˣϮԼйϵ
ʩô£ʶʩҲǾģûеʩĵط
Ѿͨ죬ľϹ
ԭ£ԭ¡
˲ǣȻһԵʹɫ
ϽӻȡһпȻ󹧹ĵݵǰ
ظæ˵һС˼
һ㲢ûнпȻǮȴҲûеΪǮʲôܸɵĵز
ʩ԰ɣĻЩƶɲա
غ࿴˿̾һľһ顣
֮󣬳Ĭ˺óʱ䣬Ȼ˵ȻƶһؿʩϣͷŹ˰ɡ
лԭ£ĳڣԺʲôҪ죬ֻܸǴ绰
֮ҡҡͷ˵ʩԺҪˣ˵Ե־ˡ
˵һ
ƶл飬Ӵλʩλʩذɡ
˵һ£Ȼ˵ڳеǸǱҵķѹʱһ˷̾ͻᱻ仯ΪҽҪֻܵȵϡ
غɫҲǳĲÿû뵽ΪеŮԼõ˸˹ϵˡ
⸸ⳡϵľӢ鲻֮ϾȨס
ȻѾʧˣǾ;ٺŮǹϵˡ
Ǹ۾ֻǽһ£˶Է˼Ȼ󰵰ĸԵͷ
ȻæôҾͲˡ
֮󣬱뿪˵ۡ
㿴뿪Ӱ۵ֱ¡
ںǮĴжϾϵʵҲʮۣԼʧǮѽ
ԷѾ۵ͷˣҪáЩ˿ΪֻҪǮʲôܹŵһߡ
̾һصԼķУİ緹ˡ
ϵʱٴԺпֽˡ
ĿУֻϵ⣬ҲԽԽʱҪɢһ
һЦڷ˻ȥҲԴʧҪָԭȵǸӣûмĹ첻
뵽֮ԺУɷһǣһשۣȡ˳
שȡɷ󣬱ȫʧȥá
ǳеֽ˼龰ҲˣϾƮֱȥ
һزûͿֽƮƮ뿪˵ۣɽȥˡ
˵Ůֽˣһؿ˴ȫķľȫʱѸݡ
һ·ǰƮͨ·Ҳûʲô
Ůʮֵĺ£Ϊ̫֮ǰصԼǣĻ̫֮£¼ֲһʱ̡
Ů˰Сʱɽ£ʮֵľٶȣҪǰصǲܡ
ʱǰͻȻһ̹⡣
ŮԶԶĿ̹⣬оһϲ
ԭ̹ųǳϤٵ̹ӽ
ȵ˽ǰһȻֻŮ٣бһɵ
Ůɵֽ˼龰æƮŮǰ
ټһֽƮƮĹоӦԼĸס
û˵ֻһ־ɵһȡһ첼Ȼֽһк
ֽ˺Ҳ˼ǰһ˾Ǻ첼С
ˣһתŴֱɽ¶ȥ
ɽ´ׯʱѾˡ
ųǰߣｹתȦٻæǰ
ôĸûУ
ٲû˵ֻǵͷ
龰һȻæǰ򿪳ţȻԼҲ˳⳵ӱתֱTȥˡ
ǽһСʱ֮ǻصTеıС
һ˶ȼˡ
һţЩ˾Χѯʽ
ٲûлشǣֻǵͷ˦ˣֱ¥ϣһ䣬־ͰŹϡ
ŵƴ򿪣еһжӳ
ֻⷿѾû˴̣мһ裬ϱûй
ǰŵŮ塣
ȽбŵǸɵ񣬹ط
Ȼ󣬴Ǹ첼ֽȡ˳Ȼĸ׵ϡ
ǰŮȫʱ򣬵ͻ壬ָԭ״
Ǿɷͣĥټϰֵ֮ϵ̫ڵŮ嶼Ѿ첻ˡ
Ҳ֮е顣
ֻվǰĿʼ赸
赸ʮֵޣҶķԽԽ
ٵ赸ֽ˺õĳʼƮֽ͵һ䣬ŮüĴ
Ůһ۾
赸٣ȴȻûֹͣ赸ٶԽԽ죬ٵҲʼͣð˺ˮ


057 ؼ
һСʱֹͣ赸һֹ̱ͣڵأղŵ赸ľеľ
ڵϵŮĻָƣֳԼ壬
Ȼ˵ǳƣǼĸ׻ظ¶Цݡ
Ϣ˺óһʱ䣬ŮŴų˵Աһض㡣
û˵ʲôֻĸ׵ԣͷϣʼͣᡣ
Ů̧ƣĸ첲Ůͷ˳֮С
˵㣬촦Ů֮󣬾ͻط˯һʱӵĵ绰
æʲôأпճǾһۡ
Ǳһ͵õɣûҡ
˵㵹ˣõأ֪֪೤ʱûˣĸҴ绰ѯ
һҲЩż
Ұûʲô¶ɣ
û£ںأЩ㣬ҽصطҪȥ
ǺðɣҰɣط֪ɣ
ұ˵ˣֻ֪ǸĵطСҿûȥ
Ǻðɣҹؽţڴſڵ㡣
˵绰֮Ͻʰһ£ȻǰѴӹŴõıԼִһЩ֮ĶؽţҴҵɽ
ɽұСԵһ緹ȻſڣǰԼ
ֹһСʱſųұĴſڡ
ҡ³һֻ㴩ŵվ£ͼұȻء
㣬ˡ
תͷһȻڳԼ֡
Ͻͼ˵˱ȻСܼĳԣ򿪳ž˸ʻϡ
ôҵóʱˡ
㻹ң㲻֪Сطҡ
ֵܹⲻ尲ŵġ
һҲҪٺͱ˵һȥ
һϽܾ˰ɡͦãһû˹ܣǮãͱȥˡ
ЦҡҡͷԼϻƻǸƢ
ųһ·صTУͣļſڡ
ԴӳҵʿѾüûлؼˣ¥ǰȻЩ
Ա߿ֹǰЩʵôˣ¥
Ѿüûˣ˵ȥ֮Ұ᲻ȸһٺݵģ
˵ʲôأϽ߰ɡ˵֮¥
˼ſ壬㣬קק䣬ȻݹһԿȥ
ӹԿ׾뿪ţûԿ״Կ׿Уűȴˡ
ŵĸ
ڻһ̧һվԼǰľȻԼĶӡ
еľӵ˵£Ȼ󲻹ܲ˵˵ǰһѾͰסžͿ޵ϡﻩ
һޣϾ;еΰϽſһֻԼϰ飬ŴŵĶء
ˣˣھЦ
ΰ˵Ȱ˵£ֹס˱Ȼ˼š
ȻһڿͿʼѯʱľ
ȻǼ˵ڴСҲǸʾͱ˵ˣһ½һ򣬺óԺúûʲô
˵ʱִӻȡһпݵǰ
裬ſţʱǮ
пһȻ˵жǮҲȱëģԼЩԵĲɡ
˵ʱֿʼ᣺ҿʱ˺ö࣬ôУԺһҪעԼ塣
֮εӣʵԼʱˡ
ҪΪڹŴʱ򣬳ԴöȶṩΪ˰ͽ㣬ѺóԵĺúȵĲͣ͡
ټ϶ѾҲ˵ʵִԵҪöˡ
ҺأʿǮһˣµǮš
֮һ룬Ȼһ߽пյУһ˵˵ҲеǮһһģиŮǰš
˵ʱԱߵΰƲһۡ
ΰϰ۹ⲻƣæͷƲһȥ
Աһйѽ
ȻһҴĽ˼ڣȴû˼ɡ
裬ô£ֵʲôԲ£
˵ʲôԲ飬Ⱳӳ裬ûҿŮˡ
˵ʱΰֻһί
㵹ǸңҪǸǱŮˣȡ
˵仰ҲԼЦ
ôһ˵Ҳô¡
ԭʱΰ˹Ŷ
Ҫ˵ΪһոսһеˣΰӦǶ࿴ٳ֡
ΰԼȴû֪֮˼;Լ˲𣬽˼ѧѡ
ҹŶⶫ٣۸񶼲ˣ±֪֮󣬺ݺݵĽѵΰΡ
ڽ˹УҲԴ˲Ȥ
ôһкòû죿
ûƨҪǺû죬ҲڱùѪͷˡ
һԵôҲģڹڵҲ˽һЩŶⶫٵĶ٣ʮֿ˵һעͻύһѧѡ
Ա֮˵ͷ۾ȴ
һֱһ˼Դöͭӡ
ȻͭӡڹŴҲһôļǧʷĵ䱦
ЩִûκεܣǵǲǿԳΪ˲õķ
֣ʱܴܲҵгתһת
Сʲô˼
ⲻǶԹŶ𣿡
ҴۣСһƨɣ֪ʲô˵ʲô
㲻˼ԴȻ˵ⲻСۣʮֵȱ򼸼Ŷװװ档
ΰ֮ͷͻȻʵǮ㱨
ҵϵʲôأС۳ҵĹʣĶԸӯ
Ա˶ӵĻЩ⣬ʲôҸɻߣȻҪԼǮ
ԱߣĻбҪԼı壬˵仰
̣Ȼһ£ҪЩǮµǮǹҲбס
֮󣬴ӻȡпһȻ˵Ǳ£˼µļٵʿǮҲǼǧ顣
֮󣬾˵еֻǲˡ
ȴԼܵɡ
ʲôǧ飿Ҹ⿨ʮ򡣡
Ļһ˵꣬˵۹һ𶢵ϡȴǲı飬ɵһ㡣
ʲô۹⣿Һ˵ûþ񲡣⿨ȷʵʮ򡣡


058 ľ
ĽͲûеõĻش𣬻شΰһơ
СӸ˵ô£ҪǸΥҼͣھͰ󵽾ȥ
ĸʱҲûа˵ֻʧѽǼȻԣҲܸ飬Ժᱻ˴ǵġ
ҲǳĲԡ
ھԼԩˣҸʲôңЩǮġ
ΰԼĶӻǺ˽ģ˵ֱ׳Ҳͻ
˵˵ô£
ⲻǰһʱһϰ壬еҵĵ𣿽˼䣬;ǵõĸˣȥһأ£ǰܹʮ򡣡
ΰ֮󣬶ЩĿࡣ
һЩҲŴͣţѵǮ˶ôú
㿴˾ȵӣʮֵĿģŶȣͷ̧ø߸ߵģ۾컨壬Ҫɪжɪ
ȷӦһ˵ǰԴһٵ
Ҿ˵ǼǸбµģ˲Ҫû۹⣬˵ǸŮԼ˷أ㿴һ뿪Ͼͷˡ
ԭڣǰн١
ˣȥˣʲô
ΰһ仰ֹȻתͷ㡣
ȻǮģôҽ;ҾͲˣгղҲ˵ɲܹġ
ֲ׼ⷢƣҼˡ
ãȻô˵ҾͷһЩˣȥǿ
ţȥѾ̸ãϽȥ
һڰһٱ㷹磬ֱǡ
Ҫ˵ǣһЩЩС̯С̯ȥԷˡ
Ϊʱ򲻵徲è塣
һûй̶Ŀ꣬һҵ̱ȥ
̵ϰһʮ긾ŮŴʮֵ䡣
ϰˣǰӭӣȻõԱߵλ֮ϣ衣
ȻһǣǶдǾЩ졣
㲢˽ǵľֻܹԹԵȴѯ
һԵԴҲʮֵ±ƣͲôˣϰҲĹ˰ɣѵʲôè壬뵽ɵÿһԵΰ
Ҫ˵ΰѾʮˣһľȴʮֵʢѵڲ
ΰԱ߿Ҳ˸Ӧͷ˲Ŀϲɵһ죬ȻĽ͵ǰҾǱƣһѧѡ
ֻôһͣ˻Ȼ
ֲϰôأԭǿˡ
ϰڹ̨Ͻ˼Ա䣬Ȼǵԣһ¡
ϰ壬һ͵ʲôö
ûʲôҶͼΰһ˵һʾ⡣
ϰʱŷ㴩ǵһԭλСϰĶӣȻ丸ӣһ˲š
ϰ˵ʱ۾ѾʼŹ⡣
Ϊϴô꣬ǶЩеʿǳ˽ˡ
ϿЩûʲô룬ʵһ͡
ҲϽվһףȻ˵Ůʩˡ
ǲ֪Ҫʲô
£Ȼ˵ҵС۱Ƚƶ񤣬ûʲôϰõװװ档
ϰ۾һȻ˵λԵȣһöȡλ
˵֮󣬱Цվȥˡ
ûмӵĹϰһľ»
ϰｫľӷǰȻĴ򿪡
һŲһԭľ֮зһöľʵ⡣
ϰĽӺϳȻŵǰ
۰ɡ
ֽӹľϸĿ˿ûзʲôͬĵط
ۿߣǻкõתۡ
۵ʱܵĿռɲɫ˺ڰ׶ɫɡ
ʱһΰ۹⼯еľϣһɰŵһ
ԭ֮£ľⲻͣ˸ŵ⡣
ھ֮£Ľһɷ뵽ľϡ
ʱľ⣬һη˱仯ֻĵ⾹ȻʼȻһɹɿĲľϳ֡
ȴԼ˼άһŵΧĵ̺ĵѾɿơ
ﻹ֪еľһ˲õı
ľĹӦܹƸĵܹʹϵ硣
ڶľѾ־ڱصãҲɵӣڱԼֳȲ飬ϰһʨӴ󿪿ڵġ
µķľ⣬Ľȴ˶Աߵ
㼸ʮǣһһָƣڱһѣϾ֪Ŀġ
Ҳֿ˿ľ⣬Ȼµķ£Զϰ˵ⶫȲֲ񣬿ֵ˶Ǯɣ
ϰĻЩˡ
λϰ壬ô˵ⶫȻľƵģȴҲܹɽѾмʷҪ˵ֵЩҪߵöࡣ
ŵҡҡͷϰҲƭҡ
˵ʱеľݵϰǰ㿴ľ񱣴öá
ΰЩͷԣѵԽԽֵǮ
ǶǸϰȴЩɫλСֵܣⶫȷʵԶãĲؼҶǳİ
ϰǴ촰˵ǽһЩҲܹõıľȴһǲؼٰľԶҲᷢһЩʴ
˵гһָľ˵ϰٿ⣬ûԶγɵĸʴ۸һûС
ϰҲЩɫ
Ҫ˵⣬ϰҲЩѻ
ľյʱԼֻſĵˣľʵĸû⡣
ջͻƼʱһЩڹĿͻָëľС
λϰһһҲУ˳ԼףСҲʡ͵ơ
ϰΪ˵ʱһת˵ϰǧǮⶫȻһǽģǵȷʵǧǮҲˡ


059 Ա
ϰıֱۣ¡
λСֵܣô˵ģľǽģǹƾĵ񹤾Ͳֹǧˣɣټӵ㣬ˡ
ʱЩż溦ļ̫ͣϰǽ˼ʿɶֹ
û㣬ǵ۾ϰ˵ˡٶҲòϰ㿴Ű졣
ϰ￴̬ʮֵļǾͰ۹⿴ΰ
Ȼǲܲ̨Ƕ۾˱𴦣˼һ
ϰһ룬ľУֻ᲻ͣԼƭˣϿ֣Ҳð׸
Ǻðɣǽѣǧǧ
ϰĻ۹ⲻɵÿԱߵ㣬˼˵ô齻ûɣ
Ȼ۸ǳ⣬̾ʹӻȡпϸˣȻͰľ·ںУڻУҲˡ
ǳŶ꣬㣺ⶫʲôãŽ
㲻ⶫǵ˵һķ˵пʹûãµʱϣжеһҲĴָġ
ת˼ӣ룬Щ˶ԩͷˡ
Դ˲⣬ֻҪľͲС
ΰʱ䲻ˣͶԸ˵ٿһӣͻؼҡ
ΰʹǣһꡣ
ſڣ̧ͷһֻϱ߹šŸ󡱵ơ
һ꣬ͼˣһһλˣʮֵľһһʮСһֻء
ǸСû̧ͷǸ˹к
λʲôҪ𣿡
һأλ̬ȷʵʮֵƽǰλô顣
ΰΪгˣȻȿ˵ҶҪûУ
Ǹӿһ۴ŵ۵㣬ˡ
Ҫҡײƭͼװ棬˲˭
λԵȣҽȥλ׼
һ
СϿ˵裬ŸʲôһҲû
ǸһֻĹͻȻ飬˸۶Ȼĥĥվһ˵˱裬Ȼλϼֻ
ʮӣǸżľ˵ǰȻһһ֮Ϊǽܡ
λ⼸Ǳصĵ̷
ЩΰȻһ۹⿴㡣
ȻǸʿûоĴУЩȻҲУҪɱﵡ
һۣ⼸ȥ
һǳʧЩǰͭǮۣﶼûκε⡣
ղǺˡ
һҲǷıضǵĻǲų˹ˡ
ҡҡͷ
ΰҡͷ֪Щۡ
ϰ壬Щ˰ɣ㻹ʲôöóһƣȻҲ͵ˡ
ϰ֮ЩˣȻԼ׼ˣΪԼƣɲٶ
ó⼸ҲһʷҲǳľĺöǾȻۣ
λҲ̫˰ɣѵõķǰ۵Ϲڼ۸񲻺ʣҶܾˡ
ϰһ˵⻰ڳļ˶ʮֵĺЦϰǵװŪ
˻࿴˿ҡҡͷվߣǲ׼Ծƭǵϰ壬˵ʲôˡ
ϾҪʱһǸŮȻһ㶡
ڵۻûйرգƮŮͷǰϣһǳķ
Ҫ˵ۣȻŶ٣ܿǵ̷ŵԼۻ֮
ǸŮǰðڷһˡ
еǳľȣҪ֪ĩʱڣַǻЩҲۿۡ
ͱԼľ⣬ȻղУ˸ĵ⡣
ȴǳܸоľеݡ
ŮǰǸûɢݣٵÿۼԼԡ
ĲԾ˳۹һȴֻһƯĹǶֻ
ø첲㣬ôϵܣҪ濴ϸ磬Ұϴϡ
˵ʲôأҿǳˡ
ƭ˻Уƭң˾Ǹӡ
˵Ҳ㣬ǸСȥ
СֻأͻȻеǰһ̧ͷһʮĴ嵲Լǰ
壬һã㵲סˡ
ֻһ仰ͰһӵĻȫ
˼ҶԼˣǺԼͬ㣬Ȼ˼СﲻͬһģԼôڣ
Ǹ忴ߵСŮǰþ۾˹
ˣʲô˵
ʱҲߵСŮǰǰһľ˵ľ
СĻ˿ֱߵСľӣЩ졣
һθչŶʱͷ
Ȼô룬СҲûɵϾͱ˵ˡ
ⶫСʱ͸ҵҺþˣʮˡ
ô˵Ͼ¶ʧɫϾСʮ꣬ǶԷ׼ˡ
֪Сﻰһת˵׼ҪǼ۸ʣҲܳ֡
ʱվһԵ壬ѾĽŲͣ
СŮĻЦ
Ҳ̫ЦˣѵСŮΪһֻľֵһ
С˵ЩЦˣۡ
Сеֻ´һȻżᶨ˵ʮ飬ֻҪʮ飬ضĹŶǵˡ
Ǯѽһľʮ򡣡
ŮߡһͬǾˣҶľҲиˡ
˵֮ŮֻͲٿˡ
ֻεĿһԵ㣬˼˵ֵķҪľ
ҲᶨĿ˿˼˵־ڱصá
ûа취ֻһյСŮǰ˵ŮЩ¡㿴Ǯ𣿡
С̧ͷһ£Ȼͷ˵ȷʵǮˣԱǸʿɾ˵ˡ
ʿˣô˵ʿǮˣԼæ⡣
СŮקĶһ۾˵⻹Щ˱ǳˣʵκ˶С


060 
㱻С˵ǲС˵Ļģϸһ뻹
ԴӵٵʿѾʮ룬⻹ĻʺڹŴЩء
Сƿԣ̾;˵ǮҪҪɣ
ʵû취ֻһԵȥԼ˵仰
СҲûа취ֻǶںҡҡͷ˼˵Լɣҿ˵С
㿴ϵǸľʮֵ۲һԼڶֻʣʮˣҪǸСԼ¾ҪƲˡ
ֻ̾һҡҡͷתҪ뿪
Сֻʵ۽ǵһֱ㣬ڼҡͷҪ뿪ͼˡ
һ׮ҪȥԼ㻨Ǯˡ
С̧ͷ㺰ǸʿҪǳҸۡ
⻰۾һȻһԵȥ˼˵ֿԿ˰ɡ
һĵȻת˵ۣ۸Ҳ̫ҪǳǮھ͸ˡ
СһϾͼôλ٣Ǯɱ
С̫̰˿ɲãɣҸټǧ㿴ô
С۾תķɿ죬ҲͣǸȥ
ԼĹﲻͣ֪ЩĶˣֻĵͷ
С׵ͷӦ̾;ܣ˵飬ˣҪͬھͳɽ
㻹ûе˵ͼ͵һ˵ãھ͸ˡ
Աֱ֣ļǧǮӦþܹɽΪôһżǧǮûˡ
ڵľǸϽⱦõ֣ڶཻǧǮܹܵġ
㸶Ǯǳʹ죬˳ɽҲǳ˳ʮ֮Ѿõľ뿪ꡣ
뿪ĳһóľϸĹۿ
ȵһϸۿʱȴӵĳԾˡ
ղڵֻۿľ죬в֪ⶫͨ
һֻǳ¾ɵľһšаԪ˧һš̿Ԫ˧
λԪ˧ͬײʮ콫֮УھȫǡŻԪ˧͡ۺԪ˧Կǵţ˼ǽضλȡ
˿λ֮⣬ܻķ
Ӧǵҵķһֽд
ⶫڵܷ֮ǳرǶڹȻĿǡ
ʦƾⱦܹƾܽǿеƷȻ
ڹ˵е⿽ԭȵֻľҪࡣ
ΰӣֻľͣĸǸһЩȥˡ
һľǮûȥô𣿡
һ飬ĸҪ֪ԼǮһľһٴӲˡ
ΪԼƤ֮࣬㼱æתѣϰ֣ⶫɲľǵҵķҿľѾˣҪȥûжʮǱõ֡
һԿǶ֣Ц
һȥ̾ˣȻϽǻⶫұƷֻǮӦ׬ˡ
ΰⶫĻ׬ˣŲ˵ʲô
ȻصУȻǵһѯʽ컨˶Ǯʲô
ǸǧǮľ⣬û˵ʲôϾǮҲࡣ
һ˵һľǾȻǮͷ쭡
ʲôƶôǮľͷӣɽܸһѣϽȥ
ָı־ǱǸľ֡
裬ɲľǵҵķ
ʲôǷҲôһǱ˿ˡ
Ա߲ͣĵͷһѪڻıǸСˡ
һ£ҪǶĥһʱ䣬ҲܰѼǮһҡ
վԱߣ²ؼæͣʹɫ
Ͻȼⶫʵ۸񲻷ƣҪǲԸҪҸǸ֣Ҳʮȥ
˵ͣһ£Ȼʮֿϧ˵ֻҪٷһʱ䣬Ҳֵȥϧˡ
һֻǮ۾
ľֵ
ǵȻˣôҲǵҵķҿѾˣҪһʶˣ˵ǮʮҪ
֮üЦ㻳жľϸĸ
Ա߿۲ⶫҪȥװġ
ƳһۣȻ˵ߵʱҪҿǸ˵ⶫװװˣҪǸҸȥҴȡ
ԱίĵͷԼǮģôڷҽһ
ڼ˼죬㵱ʿ飬ѾСķз
ÿ첻ͣдѯ飬һ㵱ɶ԰ĶͣǳıŤ
ʵܲˣɴһﲻܹû˵ɣȻʰµõľʹǱ˼ҡ
˳»ص۵ʱ򣬲žĿʼɡ
㵱һʱʿ»ص쳾ʱ򣬲žԼѾһ㿴ĸĤ
ڻص˹УžԼӦôĵط
صҪǣλʦ㣬Ȼǵɨһ顣
֮¿ʼ֮С
һî˾Ҫش׷ɣֻҪŷ˻Ǹ࣬Ҳܹȫˡ
Ҫ˵ڹŴ׷Ƿǳѵġ
׷ǹУһǲ׵編
ȹԼΪ׵֮Ȼڴ죬ڻĽҰڤ׵Լĵ
ִ˶֪ڴĽҰôɣġ
˹׷ˣܶ඼ᱻ׵
ȴؾΣյĽ׶Σִᣬּҵḻ޷ĵزֻҪһѹھܹȡõؼ
㿴⡰ȡ𷨡ΪȫһԭڤoЩѡ
ԭۣеǹ춼ѾɣֻҪֳܹ
οڵõľ⡣
ϵʱһ£Ȼڻ޷ʹףֻҪľ⣬ܹͨľιټе׵ۼġ
ֻҪһ׾ⷢ


061 ع
ľ֮ľʹˣкмʮֻèڲͣӣϿصȥ
뷨֮󣬾һҲٵ飬̾ʰԼĶͬʱľʹغãȻʯָһ硣
һγֵʱȻ뿪ʱԺС
ԺӺѾûסˡ
һ֪ãǸ׶༪١
ҲǷǳھεģԼıӣûбһˣ˳ѡ
̾һȻһԾΧǽ˴ϡ
سߵʱûʲôȻǳ֡
һ˽ȥ
ǲݵĻƼ㣬Цݵӭ˳
ȱ裿
˵ͷ˵ЩϹġ
ϣһϹɡ
СӳŵȻͰ˿һϡ
һȺԼ̹ϹľͰǰ
һȲ裬Ȼ˼ӣȴɨȥԭһ˵е顣
֣Աҵ˵𣿡
ʲôǸ˶˵
˵⵽˻ˣй
˵ãǮ˼ҵ飬˽ģ
ʱһһŻ㲻˿ˣҵ
˵֮󣬾ͱտڲԣʼҵθ
ڴһЦֲǮģλʲôֱ˵ĲǮƶˡ
ǸĻЦݣȭ㹰˹֣Ȼ˵ǾͶлλˡ
˾Ϳʼ֪飬һһʮ˵һ顣
һ֣ﵱܼң˶Ǽҵǳ˽⡣
ǰ˵ĺ֪Ĵһ֪֮
ԭԴ֮ԺӲ֪ôˣŮԼĴڡ
ǶΪͲܼŮĳӣȻʼŵƽʣ׼Ļ
ɫѺ֮Ѿ˷䣬ڴϡ
Է֣ǱƿܼŮıӣ׼ô£ɴʱܼŮѾ͸ܳţȥܼţܼ˵ûŮϼ£Ҳܿͱ˴ˡ
ͬʱиҦľˣԼҵŮոᣬֻһϣĹͱƿľ٣ʬ岻ɣϼҵĹ´ĶУȥϼҲ鿴ϼҵȻҦ˵Ů
Ҧ˽ҿӣŮ壬ʱŭ¸浽˹ٸ
о˹ٸĲûзΪ˺ܶӣһΣٸ޿̣ڷ͵ʬд̡
ϼҾһۺĸܲ˴һûҲһغˣϸ̶ʱ侭ɥ֮ʹɥ֮ʹòӴԺϼҳû䣬ټҰǨȥˡ
÷ǳ֣һߵʱǸ˵飬Ѿϸ´ķзѾǹﶷôһ仰Ҳûд
㿪ʵôղλ˵ֹ
Ǻǣʱһֱԩ˵ǹġ
Ǹ˺һڲ裬˵ٸ׽ϸµȥʣЩ˶˵֪
üͷĸˣЩϸµ˶ǱˣĻôôܹڿһʡ
£ȻǸöǸŮҲûõȥ
һһǰֲܹ۶
ѾôǷŮľѾˡ
ŮǷ޹ծָô˵
ټԼŮֻһűţôҲ
ҧҧ绹ɲһŮΪѾ˳ôԼӦʵɡ
ֶ֮Ǹ˹ʵλʩ˵ԭһŮӣ֪ŮӼڡ
֮Щ죬ϼʮϣʿô֪ģ
ѾˣҲûбҪȥˡ
سʮһСׯǸŮӾﳤ󡣡
Ǹ˹֣ǵлȻӻȡһϣŰ뿪Сݡ
ڲ׼̾ȥŮӵ鷳ϾԼոջûϳʲô
سǣһţƵĻص˿ɽ͡
һɽͣ̾ͱǸΧסˡ
ʱȥĶˣ
ƶи£һ˼ЩԶԴʱһЩ
ֲء
һ˵Ͽȥɡ
ʲô𣿡
ˣҪջѾѾͷ˵ʲôҲӦ⼸ֵûء
֮üͷһ壬ܿɳ
ǶѾǸСѾͷҲ޷˶ԿлǸӤ
ƾӤܣӦöѾûʲô취
㻹ǸлȻҴҵȥ
ǰʱ򣬼ŽգԼߵʱ
ǰȥţţһˡ
ͷܿʹ˶Ѿŵ
˭ҪǲܵģϿҹĻҪĺÿ
ѾһˣϿ쿪š
߶ѾǳϤȻͻȻķӦӦˡ
һŲȻĴűˡ
Ѿһֻ糾͵վſڡ
ʱĶѾǼһ˵Ļʼʹޡ
סѾæűο
ǶѾôˣ޵Сèһ˭۸㣬˵Ҹ
ѾĻһ߳һ˵һʱ䣬˾˵سϼҵǮˣҪջ
ĲˣȻ˵ģôҲôʱ䣬˾ȻĲ档
ǽôˣ
ѾʱЩ˼ˣСӤСӤȥ˼һͣˡ
֮¶һ˿΢ЦȻŶѾԴ˵Ѿ÷ǳãҪǶѾһ֮ûطסˡ
ѾĿ佱Щ˼û
ŶѾ½Ȼ㡣
֮ԶѾ˵ѾǴȥˡȹҾͻ˵Ȼ뿪س֮ҸطСۡ
ѾҲʲôŵ۾㣬ֲͣԼ½ǡ
Ѿ»صĸԣ㿴ɺã
Ѿ˵仰۽̾ͱͨȻȻľ
ҲԸȥŵѧ¡
ԭʱѾܵ𾴣ԭǸͨͥдûоġ
ټǸͥʮֵţ׵ŮȻұû˵ʲôеԶҲöѾеǳ
ˣѾͼᶨҪľġ


062 ҹ̽
ѾһϾҪ޳ӣæʹͷɱȻ˵ȻѧԺ͸Һúѧɡ
ѾȻӦԼ̾ݣЦͷ
ոճ극ܼұż˴Ҵҵĸ˹
Ҫ˵ܼǰ㴦Ļ㲻һԼֻ΢뿪һʱ䣬ǱȲҪջСеʮֵĺ
ܼҽţͶѾʯϣ˵˵ЦЦû˴
ܼԵһҶ龰۾Щðǰһѵ㡣
ܼһ¾ץסϵ
ΪܼҶʮֵļɵʱ㲻ڣֻǶѾС
ô˾ͶСŮûа취СŮֵüﲻð
˷˵ķǰѼţȻ֮⣬ĵطǱǸСֵòᣬЩѾóʱû˯Ⱦˡ
οˣƾͣԼЩҪӲģһҲûúá
ܼһ飬ȻͻȻЦݣԶԶľ㹰֡
ˡ
ڲſһܼҵ˵ͷȻ˵ܼҵǣôûߡ
ܼ֮Щ߳ŭǼɵκεı֡
ǰԱߣٴι֡
ʵǶԲүһҪףǰһʱЩˣԭ¡
̧ͷ˿ܼңȻЦ
ܼ˵Щûõĸʲôлֱ˵ɡ
ܼЩ˼Ǻ˵˳ү˼ǣҲһʱˣҲЩӦòںСˣı߾͡
֮ȻЩˣȻǵͷӦ
֪ˣҾͰȥүհɡ
ܼҼˣȴûжϲӡ
үԸܼ֮Ҿ;Щþȴò˵˼졣
¾Ͷлˡ
ܼ˵̾һԭ£Ҳү飬үһ֣Ҳûа취
ֻĬĬĵͷ㲻ܼվҲЩΣ㹰ˡ
ѾһŭܼˣͻȻع˵СӤȥǼһΡ
ҡҡͷˡ
̾һȻֶԶѾ˵һؼһˣүүҪ
ѾһһȻ૵ʵ㲻߰ɣ
㿴ŶѾĴЩЦȻӦ㣬Ͳٰߣһνүүб顣
Ѿ֮һȻĵͷ
ŵʱ򣬶ѾȻүү
㣬ԶԶľ͸ϽڵڸǳĸߣڼǾηмӡ
˼Ҳض񣬿죬
䣬һ֣ҲĶ档
һνʲôԸ
ҵԸ֣һҪɡ
¾ܷԸ
ģҿˡ
ﲢûж˵ʲôֻǵͷҲһЩе顣
ҲǻʮĶ⸽뿪֮Щؾͽտ֪˼ܷæ
ʲôԣǲ֪Щʲô
ЩԺ鷳ȥҲҪֻ̫࣬Ҫɾͺá
֮۾Ҫ֪˵أٶҪĳɵĵ⣬˵ģԼܹЩ롣
ı鿴һԴûκεķԡ
ȻҪи͵øһЩôܹİ¡
ģЩؾͽˣֻǲ֪ʳӡ
һ룬ԼӦúٻصСɽˣʳҲûطš
ǻӣÿһΣ㿴ô
ãͰ˵İ졣
̸ˣְһЩƷ͸ȥ˳
Ȼǲ˼ǼϾѣҲͺƤˡ
ȵַ֮ԸѾʰ·
ͻصԼУȻ˽￴˿Щ̾
ԼҲס˼ˣЩģͻȻ˸ˣҪ˵ﲻѻǲܡ
ڴһ룬Լֻʧһ£˾ŰջأɲƽΪƵ顣
ٽԴԼ֮˾ͶŽӣӦʲôԼ֪ܡ
㻹ֱ̽˵ĻܣһЩϾȥңһҪ̽
ȵ֮ľͻطϢҹ˾ͻȻ۾Ȼҹ£˱
ոյĳԺӣͼԺ̹һһֵС޾ͳļͷ
㻹汻һһŷԭԼǸӤ
ȥŹӤԴǹӤҲǰ˼ԼյԴԣȻ˲䡣
ȻӤˣʹһȥ˵լУֲʲô黹Ҫأ
ĶСӤ˵ȥһЩ飬㿴ɺã
С򻹲ܹ׼ȷıԼ˼Դͣϲ䣬Ѿж˵Լ⡣
ǽһԾͳȻ˳ǽɿ˵լӶȥ
ȵ˼Χҿ˿ֲûʲô
˼Ȼ͵ǰܣҽ˼ҵΧǽϽȻǽͷһţԽ߸ߵΧǽ
˼ǷǳϤģǰ׽ʱ㼸˼ҹ˸顣
һֻ΢ıһ·򣬱ֱһ˵Ҷȥ
ȵȴȻŵƹ⡣
ĵ£Ѷǽϣϸߵ
һ˺ķ˵ĶԻ
үһЩ³çˣһõôѾ𣿡
һ˼ҶʲôԺҪʡ
˵ͻȻͼ˵ʲôҪҹʣҵ飬Ҳʣ¶ú硣
ߵ˺ҲЩգߡһûп
˵ʵô£ҪȻʹ˸ˡ
˺λ˷ǳľ£˿ƣֻǿʼͣȰο
˺óʱǷƽϢŭҸҲмʮˣ㵽ʲôܣҲø˵һ˵ѵҪײﲻɣ
һߵȴһֱûп
Щˣͷӣ˵˵
ˣ±ҿʱٺ˵Ȼôż֪ڸ˵Ҳûʲô
˵ĬһȻ˵ҿû䣬ʵһٶǰҲһ


063 
ڴ˵ص㣬֧̾
ҵ游õһ񡣡
˵ʱԱߵķ̾;áһ
Ҫ֪ʥҪһǶôѡ
ⱾʵҲ޳֮񡣡
˵ʱǳĵͳԹ
ҵ游͸ףΪⱾϵݣ˵ѾǷħˣڻŵʱͰϵǹ쿪ʼ¡
ôˣ
˿ЦһȻ˵տʼʱһЩ֣ǵ˺֪ʲôӣȻʼŧʹ
Ȼһ˵Ķôղɴһѻˡ
㲻֪ⶫ͵͵ʹڻŵʱҪǰ£Ȼдһ˳Ϊܹ꣬޳񡣡
ЩάԼĺǵյһ̣дطȻתΪ񡣡
һ˵ֱֶܹˡ
ֲЩһֱֵķǳʴȣκβģµ飬Ҫ֮֡
ӣֱתΪȻƾĺڳΪͽ
ʱԵˣ۾Ҳĺ͵һ
ү˵ܲҲһ񣿡
˿˿ˣͷ˵룬ͰⱾ㣬ȵ֮ʱǰ㣬һޱߵĿ֡
Ҳֱ
һܹ˳飬ﶼǲ˵Ķ
˾ϾͰⱾŪ֡
ô֪λãȻǷǳףֻҪһԻȥֻһ已̥ʲô鶼˵ˡ
˵ƺ飬ͲϣԼҪ뿪˵˲֪Լ֣֪ôԼһûĵ飬ùӤһȫʰˡ
˾֮󣬾͵͵ԼϵǸӤʹɫȻŷŬŬ졣
ǹӤϾˣ˼ƮµȻֱӾʹŶ
ⷿ֨ѽһ㱻ߴ򿪡
һſҲ˷ڵˡ
žʹ˵ĺʲôˣ
ʱҲѾݣֻ˺ķ˺¶ԡ
һһĺ˾Ǵ󾪣ҪڴС
ǻûǽгͼǰ̹һ˺ͱסһܻˡ
ԭʱǹӤѾ˵ԣֺСץ˵ĽǰŪء
͵Ŀ˿ӤСԽԽԼͨˣԼղֻһͷӤѾ֪Լ˼̾Ͳȡж
ǰ⿪ʼУȻһԼ֡
ʱ˵ĵﴦʼ䡣һѵͿʼ
編ƣָһԻ䣬Ҳ˯ȥ
㿴龰֪ˣǱ㿪ʵʲôط
ʲô飿
Ǳ˳顣
һ˵ʱ˱㿪ʼҪʱķһ
龰æһ˵ĵﴦһ䣬ȫ˵ĵ
ŷã˱Ѿʼı飬һã
Ժ£Ϸߡ
о˸˷ܵĹâ
ҲˣֱӾͳݣһֻľڵԺǿ֮¿ʼ
˾ķλھʮֵ˳ģûһڿҵһľС
㽫ľд򿪣ֻһ飬¹⣬һƤдˡ񷨡֡
˵ķǰϸĹغţȻŹӤԽ뿪˵լӣ»ص
֮ȽӤͻ̳
»صԼķУȲĴǱ񷨡ʼ
ԭⱾؼǳһ֪Ľɣϱߵķ˵֡
һ֣޵֮˹²ƣɣΪԭΪ󣬽壬ɾһ飬Ӱա
ڶ֣޵гɵĴ£Աķγɷ䣬ɽ顣
Ȱ鿴֮˼Ϊʲôܹ޳塣
ΪȻõⱾؼвûķţǳܲصĸˣ亦
˵׼Թ֮ɾأֻⱾеһ롣
ǾǾۼǿͨɾo
֮룬ҲĴ˵ġ
˵һ󹦵ԲֱӾͱΪػ߳
ٱ˵һǰĳλɣɵİ£Ҳɾһ顣
㿴֮Լϣ۾ʼ˼Ȿϵİ취
󾭹ֵݣⱾ˳İ취ܹʵС
иǰǾһĳ̶ȣҪĵز
ʱ޵֮˵ԪѾʼ֣޵֮˾ͿƾԭԸ
취٣һǳȱ㡣
ǾԸգ֮˵ԸҲת䣬ϣǸ顣
̾һô޳ɵ񣬵ǲԼ˵ˣ
ⱾԼʱǲҪˣ򲻵ѣΪⱾʧȥԡ
ߵǸķȷʵһãȻĹԲɽĴ񣬵ǲһػܹ쵽ġ
ʱΪ˻飬֮ʱ»һ˿ɽͣʱԼİܹôһж˵
˵İŲܹɹ÷д·٣ܹ˳ĳΪɽ͵Ҳǻ顣
˵ڶ죬㿪ʼʰ׼˰ó
Һʱ䲻ҲûвϰߣҲǼܹȫպá
ѾϾѾæòˣǸСﱧŹӤ̳ء
ôż緹ǳ˷ܼգʱߡ
Ѿ֮ɿĵ˵ͷȻ󽫰Ժеʯϣȥȥˡ
һһС̲࣬ˣȻһͷͰǰ
ͶѾôªĳһ緹ܼҡ
ȵ˿磬ܼ١
ܼһȥؾһȻ˵⼸ǵˡү룬ɵʱִƵúá


064 
ܼҵĽ飬ҡҡͷл˵ĺˣƶ²
ܼľܾź̾һȻˣҾͲŵˡү˵ˣҲżߣʲôʱҵס뿪Ҳ١
ܼһȥллүƶ׼ȥسǡ
ܼڵɫЩÿһүȷʵǰλˣǰùϵǻزȥˡ
ȻȷʵҪߣôҲͲȰˣףһ·˳硣
ͷлˡ
ܼ뿪֮кѾʰ
Աİվſڣ
طЩģԴԼ磬С
뿪ˣЩ᲻á
ѾطҲǳ˵ʵֻʱסѾžڡ
˶ѾһθԼůԼĵطǳ
ѾѾʼᣬļ򣬰οѹǺܿµļˡ
˵仰֮ԼϵıԶѾ˵ҵеǮسǣһԺӡ
Ѿ˰ᣬȻɵĵͷ
ŶѾȥǸոߵм䣬мʮΧ
Ҫˣ
ǲܸߵģ
ˣͿͷˣϴüĿģʵ¸ɾ
ЩΪԼƽжǵĴӣʮֵĸж
λףлǵĹģºûжϵƶҪȥ
֮Ϊ˿ѣҲΪԼļʮĶأ˵ķͣɮ濴档
㹰֣Ǳλף˴⡣
ֻѾļѾȺʱ
Ѿĸ׼ѾС˹ס㿪ʼĬĬᡣ
ΪϾҪֱˣ˶ѾҲʼĸ׻ᡣ
ʱͻƴ˹һʩ
ǼҶѾԺͰеˡ
صģֻҪڣͲöѾܵκε˺
ʱѾĸףһǳʵũ񣬴յ˶ѾԣһĻУȻվһԣЩ޴
Ѿӹ׵ݹİȻᣬĶĸ˵㲻صң˱¾ͻǡ
˵֮󣬶ѾȺп˿Ȼʵܵôû
ѾĵܵܣӳɶѾģˣѾĸ
̲
Ѿ֮̾ͳĬ
ԴǸɹ˵Ѿ֮̾Ͳüежٽӽˡ
Ѿǵĵܵܣǽ⿪ϱŵİȡɢӣȻ͵͵ĸס
Щǵҵģ͵͵Ĳȵٹһ͵ܵȥѧɡ
Ѿĸץӣϵˮٲһͣ¡
ѾһȻĸ׹򵹣ͷ
Ůȥˡ
ѾĸһûסǴ﷢˳
ѾǸľګĸףҲȦ졣
Ѿĸͷ֮վĿһۣȻߵߡ
㿴ȦͨĶѾЩ̡
ѾڴɣҰǼʮĶؼǵ£Ǽ˶㲻ãżʮĶأҲܹƽĶȹһ
ѾȴᶨҡҡͷȻ˵Ҫ͵һ𡣡
㿴ǼᶨСҡҡͷ˵ʲôˡ
֮ٴͻƴﹰ֣ȻʹŶѾ˳Ŵ·ֱسȥˡ
ȵѾǲӰƴתͷŶѾʵѾʲô
Ѿĸ׿ɲһТģĨһ᰺ͷ˵ǮŸܵǡ
ƴ￴˿ϱҡҡͷû˵ʲôʵףѾǮũ˵²һСĿ
˵ŶѾһ·سǣӿɽ͵سǣ߰ʮ·̡
һȥسǵʱ򣬻ҵôһԼǰߣžࡣ
ǴϿʼȵʱҲֻ߳˶ʮ·
ѾԱߵûʲôȴЩܲˡ
·һСջŷʳģ㼱æԶѾ˵ˣǾЪˣ˷ݽţٸ·
ѾƲƲ죬û˵ʲô
ȴЩˣŶѾջǰߺ𣿡
ˣ͹Եȡ
˵⻰һƣɿĴ߳
͹٣Ǵ⣬סꣿ
Ǽȴפˡ
СˣæͶѾõ˿ջĴȻõһ¡
ǵҪԵʲô
һ룬Ȼ˵׼棬ϼСˡ
գ͹Եȡ
ǻƵķԸ̾ȥţûһĹ򣬾ڵ棬ԼˬڵСˣ͵ͶѾǰ
ӣԵĳһСˡ
ĶѾѾʼԷԼԵĿӣɿŶ
Ҫ˵Ǵϳ˷һ·˼ʱȷʵǶˡ
ԼĸССˣͶѾһɨա
ȵ극ְ֮ѻƽ˹
׼Ϸ
ǲ˼СֻһϷˡ
һһ㶣ĶѾȴ˵סһ䷿ҲС
㿴˿ͷ͵ӵµĶѾεĶǻ˵һ䷿ҲУǷ׼Ŵ
û⣬͸͹׼
ǻƵķԸ̾͸׼䡣
һһж׼ãƾͽ˺Ժһ仹㲻߷
˷䣬Ĵһ⡣
ⷿȻ󣬵ǴɨķǳɾһŴŴԱߣһŴöſڿ¼ӵġ
úܺá
˻ƣʹŶѾʼʰ䡣
ʰ֮һƨɾڴϣ붯ˡ
ʮ·ߵģŶˡ
ǶѾڿ죬ƣ룬æȥҿջĻƣţһϴˮ
ϴϴŰɣȻĻû·ˡ
ƣĴӴȻӣһţ֮ڴϣͺ˯˹ȥ
˲֪೤ʱ䣬˯УͻȻѾɫˣóԷˡ
ʱԺ۾һԭ̫Ѿʼɽˡ
㼱æʰһԼ·֮ŶѾһ˿ջǰ棬׼
ҲϢһԵʣھ㲻˼СˣȻҪ׷ôͶѾĳ
ȵǷԵһ룬ҲڵʱͻȻڿջſһžͽ˼̡
վĻƼǽϿȥк
͹٣Ҫѽ
׼һ䷿ȻϼСһΪ׵˵


065 ʬ
֮ЩΪѵ˵͹٣ʵǲ˼ǵĿͷѾˡҪǰһߣûбĿջ
ǸнЩԸ⣬ɫǵȥҿջ
Ⱥ˾Ϳʼ
ǻƱֵûа취ֻȥҿջƹ
һƹıŻ»
λʵڲ˼ȷʵѾסˣڲĵطˡ
Ϊ׵̶ڿջϰĻͲţΪӡУֻҪǿջԸ취һܹڳġ
ɫûطȥˣһҪڿջס¡
ƹı˵ûа취ֻһ룬Ȼ󲻺˼˵ǻһطסˣͺλԸ⡣
˱ʾֻҪһһϯͿˣġ
ƹ̾һȻˣҾȺ˵˵ԸٴӦ١
ԭƹӵĶϱոȥʬͣڲԶһƫƧСͣʬķ䣬仹һСݣɹס
ƹ˵֮Ǽ̿ȥ˼˵еӾȥǶסûӾ͸Ͽߡ
λƹȴ͹⼸̵ĵһİȥǶסˡ
ƹһ±ֵĿࡣ
ڴ߳Է㿴ҡҡͷվ˵ƶλڿջĴϴˣȥЩá
⼸˵תͷһԭһʿ
һСģĻӦ
Ϊ׵׳ȴͬ⣬߷©ܹϢ˯ĺã˵Ǽһʲô¡
һ⻰Ҳе㲻Ļ
ҲǺȰҡҡͷ¡
ĶѾʱаͷ̧Сʵô£⼸ǲҪù
ĵ˵ͷȻ˵ղ÷ۿ⼸ӡ÷һɺֱ嶥ţϿһ١
ã˭ǲġѾ˶Թκε˶ĵˡ
ͶѾ극֮ڿջΧתһȦԻʳ
ȵ̫ɽ֮Żݡ
Ѿ֮ȾǰѹӤ̳˳Ȼһ㣬Աߺǹ˵˺óʱ仰ϴ˯
ϥڴʼ̫ҽּ
Դгɣ̫ҽּչͷǳĻ
ں͸Ǳ˺ܴæÿѱϥϡ
ڵٶȱǰ˼ֻҪٹһĹ򣬾ܹɴҩ𵤡
ٶǳ⣬Ҫ֪ͽ𵤣޵˵ǵһؿֻҪǽгɣô֮
˵ĸ̣ںҳԼĸ֮󣬾ͱƹ쵽һСС
Сݣϵĵƹ߻谵жӣֽӸߡ
Сݽ䣬һ̡ͨ
ƹĽ֮˵λǿˣԸססԸסҸڿջĴﰲŵ̡
Ǽ̿˿ûʲôĵͷǲԸȥջĴȥ̡
ƹļͬ⣬ָǰЩ뿪ˡ
һ·ۣǳͷһͷˡ
и˻֮û˯죬鴲æ۾ǰƻյĶ
ŮʬѾƿˣȻµؽҡŮʬʵɫڶͷϡߵǰ˯ŵ˴
û˯ŵʮֺ£¿ҪԼ͵͵ͷһšһŮʬȻ񴵱һҲ
Ůʬ߳ȥֽ죬̽ͷ͵͵˿Ůʬԭһ
˸Ӻˣҷһ㶯ýˣȴһ޼ƿʩ벻紩·Ͻܰɣ
뵽˾Ͳٵˣ˭֪ǸŮʬ᲻ٴι
ԼĿӣҴҵĴϣûдЬŮʬ˶߶
һ˳׵ëˣҲ֪дĵӣһӾʹӴϱȻŴһţ߿֮һԾԺС
ǸŮʬ˶ҲֱӵײŶ׷ȥ
ֻ˶ĵطȥһ·ջȥ
һһߴСУйй
˵ջ֮УҪͷ㣬ͻȻͣ˺й
㳤һ۾
ֻĴĶѾѾѹ´ֱӤ̳
ȵѾ˹Ӥ̳֮󣬺ŰһЩ
㿴ӣ΢΢ЦЦѾʱСӤĲ
£ҳȥʲô
Ѿȴûκκµı飬Ǳ̳ԾԾԡ
ȥˣڼúôš
ѾЩԸ⣬ԼϣȻűӰ޹Ĵ۾㡣
ҡҡͷȥ򿪷ԺУöϸһԭڿջ֮һڲͣĺС
龰㼱æջⱼȥ
ջʱ򣬾ͼǼеһˣΧһͣҴܣ߸һŰµŮӡ
㿴ŮӽŲأǹӣô¶
㿪Ǹǰ̺ܵô£
˳ˣһϲرתͷʿӵĸˡ
߸ŵŮʬѾ
˾һæۣǸܶŮʬȥ
һҲһֻŮʬϷŹḷ֮́ккɫѪ˿ڲͣߡ
㼱æӱγľִӻȡһʦɷŽżһŮʬԡ
ŮʬˣṆ̀˫ֱ㡣
еľǰڵľͺŮʬצһ
һŮʬץպæľ˼ϵĺ̿ʼͣķ
ľŮʬãæӶʼΧŮʬĳ
ŮʬҲ˼֮󣬺ҲӦĺˣ֮תҪӡ
ӵˣϼеʦɷŮʬĶͷ
һŮʬǱ׵һʼһ͵˵ϡ
ŮʬˣǰȥýŮʬȻʼ
һʦɷֻǽŮʬʱסĸûи˺
ʱǸԶԶ̣Ŀ㣬Ȼʵⶫôˣ
תһⲻǸ̵ʱһǷǳӲסãôԿ˰ɣ
ʱ򣬴ӿջҲӿһˣΪ׵ľǸջƹ
ƹԱߣŮʬһۣȻһ£ŮʬˣĶϱ


066 
ǶԱߵ̣һƹĳ̾ͷһ˹ȥץĲӴغȵͬȻĻͺһȥ١
ǿջƹҲûʾҽǲҪסҪסڳºʲôϵǼ٣үҲԩ˰ɡ
˾Ⱥпʼ֡
ջ˼æǰȻǲưոݣָſջƹƿڴ
ƹĶ̵ĺȻǷǳߣڻҪ飬˲ˡ
ƹ˦ǰһȻʵҶϱʬô죿᲻ٴγʬ䣿
㿴ŵµŮʬпʼת
Ůʬֻһƽ˼ҵŮӣûʲô챦û죬ûзھ֮أֻһƽķͣһ죬Ȼܹʬɽʬİַǳ
ʬپһЩһһǳĽʬߣҲһĻš
о˱˼۾һתͶǿջƹ˵ʬѾ˽ʬͨˮκβֻҪͷƶķ䱻ˣ̾ͻᱬ𡣡
ƹǺ£취ȻĻһûˡ
㿴죬һ룬Ȼ̾˿˵ʬ˵Ѿ֮ˣҲǳһķҲˣҪ볹¾͵ýʬ彻ҴãһʱˣҲܹƽϢ
ƹĻתҪǽʿãȫʬҪǶӻô
ƹһԥǸͬȴף֪Ҫǽʬ彻ʿһʬ壬һûʲô³
ڼƹģԥ̾ͲԸˡ
Ҫʲôѵⶫˣ
ôһջҲһƹʩѹ
ƹļ龰һתţҪһβӦˣ´˳ȥԺ¾ûϵǿջоסˡ
εֻЭ
ʬͽˡ
ͷȻ˵Ҫһڹײģʬ뿪֪ƹǷΪĶϱ˹ײġ
ƹ̾һҶѾسײˣܻǷ޼һ档
ͷȻֶƹ˵ʬѾҵķסô·Ҳʣɼ˽°á
˵仰ƹæӦתͷȴ֣ղŻΧһ۵ĿǣѾԶ
ǿջǸƣҲӰ
û취ֻǸſջϰԶ֣˽Ůʬ·Żá
֮ԸµĽҹ
ջϰȻڵĴӦΪţҲõʬ䡣
ջƹûһǸ̵ֻˡ
㿴Щ֣ôֻˣѵʬ𣿡
һ̿ɥ˵ĸһģֻһ˻ţȥ֮ôǽ
˵ֿ֮˿䣬ȥȥͬ飬ֲҡ
Ҳ֪ôοֻ˵컹Ǳٰɣùٸһ顣
ֻ֮ǵͷȻԸ͹ٸ򽻵Ҳֻôˡ
£ݣͬһ·ʰʰһǴĻ
֮͸Ͽܵ⣬˵ʲôҲ䷿ˣȷʵŻˡ
ȵڶһ̺һкһ̵뿪òӰ
ȵ̫ʱ򣬶Ѿ̳һһŲ⣬֡
ֻ˶Ѿǰʵ㲻ڿջԷܵʲô
ⲻǵ𣿡ѾȻô˵ԴȴԽ壬ͣϵʬǳĸȤ
һֽԴȻ˵һʬʲôÿģϿȥԷ
Ѿûа취ֻһͷ뿪ãջԷȥˡ
ȵʱһĳ֣æվ߳⣬һ
ԭһϲӰ̣ż»ˡ
ջϰһһڹײģǸء
ǰǼֹۣͣһ㹰֡
һֱԱ߿ֵҽڲ߹´һ㣬ȻʵĶĵʿж뺣
ˣæӻȡ͸ԼĶ뺣ݵ۵ǰ
ù˿Ȼͻ㣬֮˵ߵʬô£ѵʬˣ
̾һ˵ȷʵʬ䣬мѾ⽩ʬˣλҽȥɡ
Ǽۻ࿴һۣж¶˿־壬ǼȻˣҪǲ嵽ô£ȥҲû̫үֻӲͷƤ߽á
˽ãȥڷ䣬סĵط˿
ֻͨȻˣ۽ǰһӷѾûϢһȫǱġ
ʬ֮󣬻˵ͷ
žһǰ⼸ʬ·ȫˣʼ˵һһļ顣
ȵˣѾѩס
˺Ǹŵ̸⼸ʬ´·
ʬûκε˺ۣ¡
ûпǵ˼
ܣʲôһ𱩱У
Ҳö
˵仰˵֮۾ͿǸŵ̡
⼸ۣȻʬɵġ
һۣȡһ룬»صʬԣʬʳʼһһ̽鵽󣬷Ȼûκεı仯
ж
⼸ۻ࿴˿¶˹ı飬ѵǹ
Ϊ׵ת㹰֡
ȥǸʬŮʬɡ
ʬ⣬λ
»صãŮʬԱߡ
⼸ŮʬԣͿʼŮʬֽϲͣİѹ
ԱƹĶӼԸˡ
ǸʲôȻѾˣҲҪ˼һŮ
еһ۲ˣתƹĶӾһơ
˶˵ķݶٺ֣Ҳص㳢һζ
ƹļæסȻвߵĶӣϵ֮ӻȡһͭǮ
һ߰ͭǮǸۣһߵͷ˵үһʶ༸λˣ⼸Ǯȥȱ衣
ۿһͭǮҲǼʮӣһƲЩϣȻǰͭǮ˻УȻƹİڰ»صʬԣʼ顣
һΪ׵۶˵ƽʬûʲô𡣡
˵֮Ǿһ㣬˼˵һ˵
ûжֻͣǰŮʬϵʦɷȥ


067 ׼ʬ
㽫ŮʬϵķȥŮʬͻȻѪ۾ʼڴҪ
Ա߿ŵļۼ龰ŵǻɢ
ʱ飬ֻΪɱ֮ʲôҪģû뵽ĳ˽ʬ
Һ㻹ԱߣֱӾһΰʦɷŮʬͷϡ
зѹǸŮʬһα۾
ڣЩˣнʬ֡
Ϊ׵תһȻ˵֮δŮʬ
˵صˣǱ㳤̾һ˵ʬѾֻǱƶķʵѹһƶķ䲻ˣһᱩˡ
˵ʮΪѣҲǸɵӣıϽġ
ʲôֻ˵ֻҪܰ쵽ģһȫЭ
Ȼô˵ƶͰѻ˵ˡ
۹֣Ȼ˵ŮʬǰһǰַǳӲӦǰʲô鵤ҩ˲ܹ󲻾̽
ټŮʬ˵ϢѾչ⣬һûǲʲôˡ
üͷĺɽһǵʲô˼
ƶ֮罫ʬƶƶڸɽѡһأ̳Զѹ
֮۾ˣܹŮʬԶѹҲһİ취
ãô졣
ȱæŴӦƶ˷£ôʬλãͲܸ߱ˣĻһǰȥ룬ʬ廹ٴη
˵ʱ򣬰۹⿴ǸƹĶӡ
Ͼ˼ǺԼ֮󣬸ոѹŮʬǸŮʬɷ͹룬͵͵Ľʬߣǰ
תݵ۹ⶢƹĶӣСӣڿʼ뿪ջ
ƾʲô
ƹļڻæתұ죬㲻Ҫˣؿջչȥ
ǶӼ龰Υϰֵ˼ֻǹ˳ûؿջȥˡ
ۼСˣתֶ˵ڰµҲˣһָӣȫϡ
㲢û̶֣һԵƹ˵λƹ񣬴ŮʬȻΥҲΪ˴ҵİȫϣؿƿҪĶӣ򸽽İվҪĥˡ
ģһǶġ
ͷȻͶһԵ˵ʱ·ϿһˮأҲ֪û
ʲôط
ʮһݴ
Ŷ˵ǸطǲҪǴǹټҵأһȥ̫үһԺ󲻳ǿؾͿˡ
ãȻˣô²˳٣ھ͹ȥ
һ£ЩԼջƹְ˽ŵ̧Ůʬʮĺݴȥˡ
ĹײģûᣬҲ͵ˡ
Ⱥ˴һʱŵ˵طȻָ£һ½һӣŮʬ˽ȥ
һ֮Ǽ̧ʬۣѾ۵ЩˣԱߣϢ˺ðŻ
ǸΪ׵ڴ֮󣬾㣬ǲǸðˣ
ɣˣ»ʵ䷴ҪȵʬԹȫĥܹٴθϷ䣬ᡣ
ȻǼͲ
λүԱ㡣
Ϳջƹ񽫼͵·ߣʧ»صӱߡ
ƹ㣬ǽô죿
ȥֳдһ͵Ȼ⸽׼һҪһʱ䡣
ãǾ鷳ˡƹĴкҴҵ뿪ˡ
㿴ԶȥӰ¶һ˿΢Ц
һʱ֮ƹıƣк߸ŵĶѾҴҵĸ˹
Ѿһ㣬ͱһʳУԡ
Ҹͷˡ
˵仰֮󣬶Ѿ۾ͲǿŮʬȥ
ѾȻ˵Ѿ͹ִ˼νǶʬ廹Ǻµģһۣϰ۾һοȥ
ְԴȻ˵ŮҼҵģЩʲôϿȥɡ
ҪɣҲһܰæ
ܰʲôæϽȥ
Ѿ鲻ԸŲ·ߣ۾㣬ı⡣
ûйСѾͷӻϿȥ
Ѿһͷ뿪ؿջȥˡ
Ǹƹ㣬Ц˵ãǳ谮
֪ˣȴûִͣ𣿡
ƹĸϽѻеһֽݵǰ
ӹһüͷĺɽһ
ԭŮӵֺͶѾǳƣҲʱ
֣ʱһЩԹôϻʬҲܹˡ
ƹĿ㣬üͷɫҲãæʵѵʲô
ֿЩá
ƹϾͲѽںҶӽǰѾˣλˮ˵İģҶ䵽һһܹٻ󡣡
Ȼһ˵Ůӵİָ򣬷ĻѾҲᱻ͵Լ
ƹģ㿴ڵŮ𣿡
ƹɫ̾ͱˣȻݺݵ˵ϵˡ
ƹģЩˣϽҴһҪʼ
ԵȣͰš
ƹĴӦһͿʼֵָµЩ⸽
ЩǶ˼ҳڴǳóûаʱһǿѾá
֮ƹһԡ
ҿջ£ͲⵢˣԺһͶҿջ𣬵ﰲС
ǾͶлƹˡ
ǸҰ°Ӧġ
Ѽ䣬ǸƹľʹŻǴҴ뿪ˣܵıӻ죬Ӧǲˡ
㿴˿ɫ磬ڻһ԰ѶѾµǸʳùڵؿʼԺ
ôţȵɽлƹͣ˳Ǹʳ˻ȥ
￪ʼһֱȵҹʱվǸӱߡ
ʱҧʳָ¿УؿڻһѪԡȻվڿ䡣
ȵһ֮Զ֣ȫŮʬϡ
ڸǺִ֮ӸһЩ֦Ҷȫĸǡ
Ȼڵڶ죬ͷʱַԸӽԺÿһֻ
Ҳƹĺʬٴ˶Ҫв𣬵ʱһֻ͵С


068 ɹ
֮ҪΪʢԽʬõӰ죬ÿʬʱɱһѪ棬ûҶʬĵطڸǣԷʬ˺
ʱ䣬طסˣÿҹ룬Ϊ⽩ʬԹʵΪһֻʬ
˵ʬǾ͵˵һ˵ڹŴнʬĵȼˡ
ʬŷֳɽ׽ڽʬʬɣꡣ
еķʬ˵ʬзУ˵»жݣԾɣʳǶˡ
Ƶ߽ʬ÷ص㡣
̰ģҪ߽ʬԼĻ
ƽʬҪʮ߾žŰʮһܹɹ
ƵʬѾͣҵвǳòôʱ䣬ֻʱͿԴɡ
ʱͿʼ׼һˡ
ڸһȻȡһֻ֦ȻһľƵľż
ľż֮ڰҹʱʬȡ
֮ûƱֽһ֮ͨ󣬽ͨٻ֮ٵԼѪҺһ塣
֮˿ʬ죬ͨԼѪҺɵĳ״ൽ˽ʬС
֮Ϳʼʮű飬ΪԼѪҺ׵뽩ʬ塣
ʱóõľżŵ˽ʬǰأٻͨȻžŰʮһ࣬ʹýʬոɵԣһֽľż֮С
֮ȴų̫Ȼ׼õͲŽʬ˹ȥ
Ϊ˼ھۼﵽͨܿصá
ʬ̾ˡ
ɫܹ齩ʬֻܵȵɫʱ֤
½⽩ʬУֻŽҹ⽩ʬ
һ޻ȵ˰ҹ۾½ڿʱٿ⽩ʬѾԭȲͬˡ
ֻ⽩ʬѷǳӲı飬ڿʼɳұצҲʼջأúͨûʲô
վԳ˼˰죬䣬ԡ
еĽʬͻȻ۾ѪһƬ
ֻӲתͷ­㡣
ʱվڿ㣬ֻһӱֱ嶥š
ڽʬûκεĶôֱ㶵Ŀ㣬ڵȴ
ӲͷƤУĬĬĶŽʬ´
иոڤڤоһɸӦ˽ʬϡ
ֻǽʬȻӲȴڱһôͻȻվ
һ¿ɰһ
ֻϿʬķţһж˵ģʵԽʬǺܿ־ģ⽩ʬͻȻվǰҪ˵ˣƭˡ
⽩ʬûκεĶ
ٴýʬ⡣
ǽʬ˲Ծӣǰ
㿴ǰĽʬƽһģΧ⽩ʬתһȦ
ʬںͨûʲô𣬲տʼʱĿӲúôһ£ͨҲûʲô
һˣһԼߣһҲǽʬ
֮һָԱߵǿûǽʬں˵ͨ̾Ͱ˼һԾǰǻȥ
һ˴ֵĻʬôһ̶ϳڡ
⽩ʬĹ⣬⽩ʬΪԼĵ
ֿʼʬڸԾ
ֻ⽩ʬһȥɵľ룬ȻһԾ߰׸ߣ˵ж磬ȥ硣
Ȼһֱ鵽ɫʱֹͣ
½ǸˣȻŽʬ˿ջԶһУýʬǱȴ
֮»صǸԣģ
ȵʱǸջƹͷ
óԷˡ
һȻƹĴһס
ƶлˡ
ˣһҪлǼҴ鷳
ӹͺоڻҰ￪ʼ÷ǸƹĲûһ뿪ҲԱ߿ʵⷨѾôˣǶϱٳ˰ɣ
һ߳Էһ߶ƹ˵صˣƶʹ÷ѾʬȫĻȥȫʬˡ
ûȫʬûȫʬɣҲԹˡ
ȻʩÿôҼڿ߻ʣʲôȥҲһ롣
ƹ֮Щҧһ˵ߵĶǾͲˣָһѻˣʡԺ󻹺ˡ
һԼ⡣
Ȼʩô˵ƶʹˡʩչǻҰɡ
ƹӦһ
⼸λƹɲÿ£еˣԼ˽˽ʬ顣
⽩ʬʵףһȾҪʳ˵ѪҺȻĴҡ
ҪҪû㣬Ӧþһҵùˡ
ƹľһɵ뿪ˡ
ƹ뿪֮̾׿ӣȻʲôûУȻװģ˼Լľ·Ȼڸ׽һЩСһһѻˡ
֮øˮޣЩ˵߰һװȥȻֽס
һоˣҲһڿ뿪ˡ
ȵ磬ƹĴһȺ˺ƺƵĹ
ЩУȴûзƹĶӡʬȻΡ
ƹһǰϽıȭ
ˡ
ħұı֣˵ʲôࡣ
ǫˣǵһҿ¶ûˡ
ָ·ߵһ̳˵ǻҾûȥɡ
ƹĿһۣȻĻƼ˽װһľ֮С
ǰⶫɽҸطٸ˰ɡ
Щ죬ʩѵýҵ𣿡
ֽأֻȵİ罫ԶԶڱĵط
Ҳûʲô˵ˣҲãԼͲж˷ˡ
͸ƹ»ص˿ջ
һջһ˷һĻ
Ͻѷ˽ס
ʣһǶѾˡ
ҿѾһСŮҪٴһЩôһǲȢѾҲû취ˡ
ڵĶѾǶûмһ޵ĸ첲Ͳ֡
ûа취ѾԴȻο˵⼸ȥƶĲǣѾԭһ¡
Ѿһ߳һòε۹⿴㡣
㼱æ˼ԣźĶѾΪЦ
ҹƹľڿջһٺõģȻͶѾֱһϷǺúϢ


069 
ЩڻĽҰȻиסǱϾ˯ò˴Ͼͺ˯ȥ
һֱͣ
㴩·һȴֶѾϴ裬˲֪೤ʱˡ
㿴ǳĸжⱲôźԼֻĸˡ
ѾԼǵڶˣԼǰҲûôĺϸ
ڶѾķϴϣȻǰ˷ƹĸǡ
ƹҲһϵˣȻûп˵ҪӣȻǷһ鷳ĳ͡
Ҫ˵ոʱ򣬶ȻǷǳأҲмˣûжôýۡ
ֱӰӵ˶ѾĻУţһиãֱӸǮС
Ѿӣ۾ȫһѧˣһСԡ
ǱƹģŶѾ˳Ŵ·һ·سǷȥ
ȵһ˵ĵطԶѾ˵ЪһЪһˡ
ѾЩ֣Ȼ˼ԹԵ
УѾʼٻԶǸʬ
ֻĹԶһӰɿ߽ӽ
ѾٽӽˣŴģȫװһѼˡ
СԹͲ뵽ϾȻܵôˣֱͷҲûʲôˡ
գ۵ĹǸ˾ͶѾǰ֮վһ
ҿڿջʱ㼸赲Ѿ⽩ʬĿĻһᾪô
ѾƵĵԺǼҵıˡ
ѾǰŮӣЩɡ
Ůӿ磬ѵܵڣ󻹵Լ
ڶѾĻɿҲûͣʵΪ֪ôѾ˵еԭίֻôͿĹȥ
˳Ŵ·ڵʱڸϵسǣڹسǰòײŽ˳š
ѾǵһسǣȻɫѾˣȻʮֵ˷ܣԴ˹һҲͣ
ŶѾլһջʱס¡
ԭһֱҵ鹢ڻһҸס£ҪһǸﻹ᲻
֮ĵΪִ˼ټʬΪΪǶǸҲܹݽˡ
سǵĵڶ죬ʹŶѾسһ䡣
ȻڶŴسǣһεʱֱӾסļУسǵĻԼĻǷǳİģóһεĻᣬҲһŴġ
ѾسǷǳģһظߴߴһ·ϾûֹͣЦҿʲô档
ټﻹЩǮҲôԼ˲һϾͶһѰ
ʱ׼һƵ緹⣬û߼ͱԱߵһģ׳סˡ
ʿߣҿҵˡ
´ˣԼʶֻʵλ̨ƶزʶڴϾǺε
ٵʿ˵ʲôʶҸ㣬ϼҵˣΪٵʿǼҲĥѣڸȥ١
һ⻰ϾףӦҵġ
ңȻ˵ЩΣȴе飬ΪһǾȫԼСҲ㶪ˡ
һ˦䣬Ǹˡ
ɺͳȥҵү
˼ǿӲҲʼֹˣһε飬ȻΪذ²֪ԵɣǴŵ˽ģǸôǰʿܺһѾǲˡ
Ҳپֻ۾һֱһ
ȻˣǸȥүүδã
ͷ˵ԵƬ̣һһͬڸ
˵仰֮󣬾ͿʼǸʬûһյĹ򣬾ͼһͨĸŮԱߡ
Ǹ˿龰жӵĲмˡ
ʿǲ֪Ĺ˸ҸŮҲãҲǸѱһȥ١
ŶѾͽʬһ·һȽƧԺǰ
Ժһ£լӺԭסǸֱ֮
Ժ⣬溰һ쿪ţץǸٵʿ
˵ĺУ̱򿪣žʹ洳Ůˡ
һ°һҪʲôѵҪԼ䣿
ţɵþ˼ýʬԼǰ
鷢չȫһǼ˼㶼ͣľϹ
ԭѽû뵽ټ㣬Ե֡
һһԴǼ֮Ѿóʱû˯Ⱦˡ
ǸץˣҲЩЩ뿴ס㣬û뵽Щ˷
ιιιǸʲôҿסʿ
ʱһӣмĿһۡ
ͷͱˣдµģɹʲôô
ʲôɹǼұúõģΪʿˣŲ
Ϊ׵ͷһ֣Ȼ˵ţҽȥү
˵֮˻ĵĶһ䣬ʿˡ
˵֮ˣʹҴҵĽԺӡ
һ߾һžһȺˣӵһ˳
ЩһԺűһӵϣΧ˵м䡣
Ϊ׵ǰ̧־Ҫ
Աߵǽʬȴˣһ͵ǰɵֲľʹǽʬϡԼۣѾˡ
һһַԼ˵ĸ첲ҧгĿĶٵʿƭҼҵӺͱȻɣҼҼҲûʲôûˣһưոݡ
㿴˿ɣȻͬʧȥ˶ӣԼԼһ£ԱЩ˴ȥԼɾͻˡ
Ա⣬ʱ龰Ҳ֪Ǹʵ̫ƶҲֻƾʦŴ͵ķʱ
ƶҲûоʹ˰ݣһػɽȥʦŵĳҼƶ˱̾¸˻û뵽ѾЩˡ
ĻץӾ˵ضԺȥ١
ɣǸʲôƶж뺵ģǼ˹
˵ʱȫһ޿ֵı顣
һ仰ֱӾͰɣ˵Щ
ʥЩˣǳ͢䶼ǳĳ羴رЩ˶뺵ˣǳ֤͢ĸˡ
Լץʿȥع٣عô󲻹˵ͽʿߡ


070 ׷
ֻ֮ңԼĶӱٸ͵ؾĹɱֻʣԼ¿ű˼һ뻹ûа취֡
ʱֻң˾Щͷܲ˵ľǸʯʨײȥ
ҿۼֿ죬һסĻɵʱܹɥ
Ȼˣȴûаĸм
ʿҸʲôҶѾˣһͷӻʲô˼
˵֮¡
ڶҲЩͬ飬ȷʵɥӣĴҡ
ȻղЩ֣ȴܼȣǿ˵Ա⣬ѵͲǹﱨѩޣ
һǱѩޣ۾ͭһ۾ʵѵܽҶӱ𣿡
ͷ˵һƶɽд˼ԸǹӦֵ
ãȻͷҾͶһʱȸӱ˳ȥҲ١
˵֮ɾץĸ첲쵽˼С
ȵ˿֮УֱʵԱ⣬Ǵլסôᵽˣ
ɳĬһ̾һ˵סҲԣǲ֪ôʹҼʼķַھų֣Ҳûа취ֻʱᵽ¡
˵ֿһۣȻ˵һЩ˼Ҫҵ˵͵͵ְسǣ˸ƫƧլʱס¡
ӣЩ֪ôش𣬿ǰѳ޶Լˡ
㲻Ͼ˿ѯʣ˼ңһ֮󣬾ʲô飿
ʻ˼ֽ̾һ죬ֻʼɫҧгݡ
֮е˺񶼱ЩŵľͿʼŵƽʣûһҲѾһƬͨ죬ᶼ֪ҼҪʼȢס
ԼҲʼ¶Ȼ߸˵˻񣬽Ȣͱһʬ塣
ǵʱͻȻѹڼﶼĪʱһȺ۴˼УֱӾ͵ͣʬǼ䷿
˵Ҳ˵ʲôˣҲܹµڷзʬǻе˺á
ҴһھƵõĴԣǸʬӦòͨ˼ҵģĻϼҵĲƣҲɥ
Ա⻺һȻʵ׼ôҼұ𣿡
һ룬Ȼ˵Ա̽ҶǸŮӣס
Ա֮ͷȻ˵ףСլʱס죬ϢҾ֪ͨ
˵֮ɾ˸ͶѾ׼˼䷿䣬ȻСĵź
˵źǣʵһͶ֪ǰǸ͵͵ܵ
ѾʮֵĲԲĴ۾ͣЩźŮǣӲǱӣ
ЩŮͺõרŵȻѾЩ˶ǳĲȴǳģܶѾôƣǶСĵź
һѾҲûƢˣϾôƣ˼ҶЦǸĵˣ󶼻ȥ
СԺסһ졣
һոճԹ緹ȥɻ档
ϾˣɿѾϢˣҲЩ̾ȻǮʹĥ
ϼѾûˣЩǮϢӦúܶ˻æ
ȻµĲոոɾȲ˵ѾˣǸŮӾסʮׯŮӵʬڴҷظš
ŮӼлʲôˣʱʲôֵ鷢ûУ
ɶ»治˽⣬תͷһվŵһ˿ȥ
˸Ͻش𣺡صĻֻһƽũңûʲôֵĵط
˵һ£ʲô
ϱߵɿ˼æǳʲôϿ˵µʲô
һϽ˵Ҫ˵ǹ£Ůӳʱ򣬵Ƿһ
۾һô£
ڳһ죬ŮӵϵȡһѲ˵Ÿ׵ֱӰѲ˵˹ͷôһˡ
֮תͷ㣬ʲô
üͷתתҵһص
ƶϲĻӦһ׷סԩҲ֣ôʦͿдٻȥػ䱨ѩޡ
ܰɣôô򵥵İ취
취ɲ򵥣д˷֮ǰʦҪҷʦⷨҲܷɣһಡ齡
͵ǸˣŮӵĸô
˵˼ŮУ˺óʱˡ
֮аˣתͷ˵ŮӣȻͨũҳĸһʲôܡ
Ҳִϼô꣬ЩȼҲǷǳ˽⡣
һѣѾˣӦŮӵĸװʩ˷Ůܹػ䱨ѩޡ
ǵǽô죿òһǮ㣬ͷץ
ҡҡͷȻ˵ûƾʵݣô˵
ʵ㻹м仰˼˵Ǿŵʱ̫ӣѾ˲õӡſ²ٰϼˡ
ǵ֮ǸΣ
ҵǸŮʬĵطȥʩҾͲǸ겻
ãô졣˵ʱѾ۷׹⣬ֻҪܸӱѾپ¹ˡ
ϿȥׯϸѰңһҪǸС˵ʬطҳתԱվŵǸ˶ݺݵ˵
˿ĶɱŵǴӦһƨ˳ȥ
ס죬ӦǺܿϢȵҵǸС˵ʬҴӵһȥ
㿴ɺѾɱ۾ֻҡҡͷȻ뿪˿ȥϢȥˡ
Ҫ˵ϼȷʵǮƣһȥǰŮ̧׺ɥµЩ˾ȫҵȻЩ˾ͿӵϣһҸŮ
ɵϢȲסСԺ
Ѿˡ
㿴Ȳܹûдȣ͸غ
ɣĪŮӵʬشˣ
ǣŮӾڴҷظڵĵʮ
ãȻˣ
Ҫ׼ʲô
һ룬ԼϴзʬӦǸԼûʲôвˡ
ԷһǴЩаĶΪá


071 
֮˵౸ЩڹѪʱҪǲǾúڹѪʬҾͲǽղ
ãȥ׼
ɼе˶ԱϽȥѰҺڹ
ʱʮڹɱ
ռʮĺڹѪȻװʮ̳С
ڶһ磬ɾͰеȫټÿ˷ַ˱
Ȼ˵ǱʵһЩͨĹ
ɻǾòģڽϹһЩƦåЩ˼׳ơ
Щ׼ˣŴŶѾͽʬ١
һˣæǰ˵㿴Ҫ׼Щʲô
̧ԺпȥֻԺվŶʮСӣű
Щ֮⣬ȺܻɢʮƦåбñӳ¶ĸֵĹ
㿴üͷֱȥ׽ֱȥȺܵġ
ɣȥ׽ô˿ûʲôôɣ
ӣȻгض˵㲻֪һȥȥڷصģǴЩܴӦЩЩƣǻᱻһٸϳ
һȻȻԼһץǴ˿²ţʱ»гͻ
ܵƶݷˡ
¶һ˿Цݣǵʲôʱ
ȻѾ׼ˣǾ̳
á
ɴӦһ̾±ߵ˷Ըʰһǡ
һԸµ˾;ȻĿʼ˾ְ
е˵Աߵķðѱʮ̳ӡе˳ȥ׼
ûаӵĹһ׼á
һζ㹰֣һ׼ˣǷУ
ߡ˵֮󣬾͵ȥ
󣬽űŹӤ̳ĶѾԼǸʬ
һǰԼеĵƶˣΪ֪ݲǼ򵥵ġ
СԺ֮Ѿ׼ͶѾһһ
ʣµǽ֮Ⱥ˱ƺƵ뿪سǣţֱʮСׯ
һ·޻һʱһСׯ֮⡣
ﳵͣ£˳ǰʵǽ廹ֱصء
ȥصذɣҪǽ˴й¶Ϣͻб鷳
ɵĻһ־һǰߴ·˸ˣƺƵֱҷظڡ
ȴ֪ǵѾ¶ˡ
ԭȻûнôʮڴǻҲȫء˺ܿͱͷũˡ
ЩŵǹڣֱҷظڡũǱӺСǲҹġ
ЩũУȴһ۾񶾵Ķˡ
ԭҲŮӵھӣʮĽŮӣʹЩȥס
߷飬ʼ˵ĽŮȻͶһӵĻ˼ҺûУߡ
ϼҿ˵Ǻ֮ǡ
ն׵һ죬Ҳȥ̵ģпɵӡ
ˣڵ·ߣȺˣһ۾ϳΪ׵ɡ
ٿȥķҷظڣһѵЩȥӵĹأ
뷨֮󣬾Ҳҵ飬ֱӰĳͷڼϣҲƵľͽ˴塣
ܿڶҵǰܲ˵ľڴƴ
ϲϿ쿪š
ԺеһӦ
˭ѽžһϸΡΡĿų
ĸ²ˣϿ쿪š
ϸҲҵǰŴ򿪡
ʲô£żæţ
񼲮ڼ𣿡
ڼء
һҲʲôˣֱӾͽŶֻʱǸе񼲮ڲΡΡ𴲡
񼲮²á
Ǹ˵Ƿǳ򶨣һߴ·һƽʵʲô£ż˵
񼲮Ҹղſϵһ˺ƺƵȥҷظˡ
ǸӾһȻð˾⣬ţǺǣ·㲻ߣͶȻͱϷˡ
񼲮׸ô죿ҪҪټһȥЩˣ
һ룬ڻǰ죬ԼӦô˹ȥһʱ䣬ȵٺЩһ
Ǿ鷳ˣҲûʲôˣ¾ʱˡ
һ̾񣬡񼲮ģھȥˣһЩ˴ӵİϢ
˵֮תȥһܻһߵĴ󺰣۸ͷˣ׼ǵأֵϼһ¶ȥ
صǳӣôһթ˶̾ͶԱ
ȵڵʱѾۼʮСǸųͷˡ
Ϊ׵һ꺺Ӽˣ۾ʵô£˭Ҫǵأ
壬ҿϵżʮֱصǱȥˣҺ뱨ǣԸϿŶ
Ϊ׳û̻شֻĿһۡ
Щ飬ȻŲȴЩȡ塣
׳ֻǿһۣһֶԺߵ˵ǲ۸ˣߣȥȥ
˵֮⺺ȾȥҲ󣬺ƺƵ
ʱŸڶһͷϵĺ
Ҫ˵պӣӦ飬ʱҲܹЩ
Ϊ˽ɱԲŻصУ˼ʮĶذֵַĹӡ
ΪҴˣպӶǷǳĳ羴رЩ˶հ
˵ԭȴ̽·ǸСƵĴ£ûж೤ҷظڡ
ǸСָһĹ˵ǸŮӵķĹ
û˵ֻǿ˿㡣
ǰΧĹתһȦԽԽòԾ
ִۣŷĹȥ
⴦Ĺûκεɢ
ĹеǰƽȥôӦǸշء
ҷظˣһһӿˮôǰȥ
ôĹӦǸշء
ɣЩͷĹӦǸշء
֮һüȻǸСƿȥ
СӼæܣҶǼ޵ģ˽ǸŮķĹ
֮üҧгݵ˵Ұˡ
һ£ŵļʮ˱һӵϣʼøֹٷء
Ҫ˵Ͼ˶ûжĹ򰡣پѾһ룬ۿںܿ¶ˡ
ʱ±һȺˣΪ׵һ׳ȵס֣͵ؾĹնٸҺΪҾ͸浽ٸ


072 ͢
Щٷصˣһȣһһ
ȻЩ˴󲿷ֶϼҵˣǲζǾͲǺ˵Ҫնˣһæ֣ͣԶԶġ
ɿֱ֮ţȵ֮Щûõˡ
ɹ͵ЩƦåȴмģһ̻¶Ӧǰ
λֵܣ·ߡ
Ӧ鿴˿ˣмĻشֻһͨũ񣬺߲һϡ
ǸҲֵܣûҪ°ɣ˵ˣ͵ؾĹնһСѿɲնɡ
ʲô˼
ƦåղѾĻλΪһշء
ĻôǾôڣٸҲܲţڵʮ㡣
ʲô˼ѵûзĹһСѡ
Ӧ黹û˵ߵͱ˳
˵˵ӵķĹʱΪãýأԲŰ
ӦȻʱûвμŮ񣬵ʱҲǲμӹϻģԶŮûнص飬һ
Ӧȴû̵˵ΪҲΡ
ϼҵļʮˣƺƵڷĹȻǼЩǮҲ̫˰ɡ
ϼѾصĹԱ㵽ˣĻ޿֡
Ǹ˵ĵƤһۣӦ˵ѾˣҲضʲôͻؾڿ֮ģôȻȥٸշô˵
Ӧһ£һշأôһʲôԼ֪顣
ٽǰһʱʱڴһֱԩ˵Ǳԩ
뵽ӦʹһսûбҪͽȥĻıԩϣ¾Ͳˡ
Ӧն˵ǿշأôҲͲˡ
ǸƤ֮󣬱ȭ΢΢һЦȻתԶԶԶģЩϼҵ˵ôԶʲôϿ춯ְɡ
Щϼҵ˼ѾĲˣ¾£˹߿ʼٷء
һĹͱҲڳһĳĴӣȴκεĹ餡
Ӧ鿴龰üͷȻݺݵضһۣת뿪ˡ
ŵһҲٹ£ԶԶվǶ֡
ֳֻʣһ˻զûһںˡ
ʱĹԣüͷӡ
ĹӣڵȻܣȻ˵ǱģӦ˶Ĺľ
ǵǸô죿
ûʲô취ˣûйľҲ޷
һʧԶۿǸΪ׵ĵƤ㣬߹ɹ˵ɣµи뷨֪
ɼʶ̻񣬸ղǼ˵ĵڶࡣ
׳ʿ֪մǰҶе׳ʿҪ
ǸƤɣȻԼҲЩܳ
Щ˲һЩƦåЩǮƵ˸ͲϼĺȻʩβ԰
Կգʡ
ʲô˵
ǡ
ԿմӦһ֯һԣȻ˵ҪѾĹȡڱĵطᣬɲһС̣һӦ겻ɵġ
۾Ҳ
ҿﶨȻ֪ˣɶ໨ЩǮƣĴӦûһЩϢġ
֮ϲתҪԸԱߵ㣬ȴһĸ첲˵ղ˲˵͵ؾĹնȥڷأвףɻЩǮƵ˵ع֪ԼϽҲ赲ɡ
֮һĸ첲˵Ͱš
ɣһȥдŮİ֮ͬʱЩŵֻҪָŮķĹʮ
һɳԼĸܼңһǧֱ´㡣
ôһɫѾ磬ûа취ˡ
һ£һƫƧԺ䣬ʱϢһҹȵڶ¡
еǣǮʹĥȻǶ֪һ߲ƣڰ׻ǰҲЭˡ
˺ܿɾڴӵıԵԺӣȻִӴһЩʳֵµЩ˺͹͵ЩƦåǳһ٣ȻϢˡ
˵ʱҴ룬Ůĸס͢£ҹ˾֮кԼϰ飬ȫڿգȻ㰸
㰸ϣĸλ
ֻѾһнľˣһӵķʦ
ֻ͢£̽ʦ۷̤дʡ
ķˣλϸ㰸ԣֽͣǮ
͢µС֮⣬ʮһɽ˱仯
һ·أôţڷĹʯ
ʯɲͨ˼ܹӵеģһ㶼ȥĴĹõġ
ͻȻһ⴦Ĺ֮ϣʯ۾ͻȻѪ죬ϾҪһ
мǷĹʼͣ䶯žһ˫צӴ˳
ͷ­һһĴмó
ֻϴŴɫۣͷϻŷϼȴǻ˵ӣǾѾͰ͡
ֻӷĹг֮۾СɽķһۣȻͻȻػӶ䣬ڷĹּСһЩĹ
ֻСԴŽۣİСϸĻͻ֣ᷢȻɫ⾹ȻͯͯŮ
ͯͯŮڳ˷Ĺ֮󣬾Ǹ
ڽǸΪ׵Ĺ￪ʼХһɽͿʼ˵ĺ⣬źĽӽȴԭһӣƮ˹
ǰ󣬻ĸǳĹ֡
ڽǰվһۺ·긾ˣð̹⣬ˢףһͲˡ
ǽŲƵ˹ǰ
Ҳ֪ôĽоͷųһ⣬ϡ
Źâ䣬ٺڵӣʼԲϸûжĹͱһˡ
ʱλ˲˽ӡ
ڽУӳɺڷĹǰʯϡ
ǺѸٵʯϿʼûһĹ򣬺ȫûʯ
ʱʯ˯һһ壬Ȼľ㶵ߵ˽ӵԱߡ
ͯͯŮڽӺһлλƣƮƮֱɽСׯ


073 ʼ
ʱСɽУͶѾһ䷿С
ڴ̫ҽּѾѾ˯졣
һлƽͻȻվſڵǸʬʼ
⽩ʬı꣬̾˺ע⡣
Ӵ۾ǽʬȥʱĽʬںӡ
ôһڤڤ֪⽩ʬ˼ˣԭоһɵвͣĿűꡣ
ӵϢ֮оһһҴĿľҪǸŮ
޹ôӦŮϢǰʰˡ
ж֮󲻸ҵ̾ͿԱסķ䣬žžžõ졣
ɣϿ쿪ţЩԡ
һ̾ѹæһ·򿪷ţһｹض岽
ʲô飿
ƶղǲһԣǴףȻڤڤйۿеڿ
ֻĽڣܲܿǺ±¶ʬĵϸҵѴʰˡ
ȴ֪ĵϸô˵ҲǴ󾪣æվڵԺ֮УغԣҸϿ
ɴЩ˱˯ò죬ڱôһ̾ҳһţܿĵȫˣžһ
һӵĹе˾ͶѾϣһѷվԺС
ǸԿҲ˽£ϱһѸֵʱǵɵĵƦåȫͬ
Կɵǰһʵ׷ʲô
ϽԱ߸͵ƶĬᣬеڿǸŰɰѴҽѣ
Կﲢûκεĺ£ֻǳĬһ£Ȼ˵²ˣɽָȨңҲЩЩ
ɲû̴ӦһԵ㿴ȥ
һ룬ʱԿָҿʮеǣָЩҶ͵ƦӦûʲôģܱԼϹָҪǿ
ɣ˵ͽȫȨ𡣡
ɼӦˣҲͷǽͰˡ
ԿյɵȨŵǰȥš
ȣЩҶֳ˼ȻԼֵµĵƦֵЩȥͷ졣
ȻˣԺеʯĥѵ˴ſڣһԷûǧǽ˴š
֮Կ˰ееĴӶ˳ǽ¡
˸ִѣվڴϣ۲ǽߣʱ׼ֵ˵Ľ
վںߣĲҲǵͷȴΪܹѹסǸ
ǰĻõֵܹһȴǹ˶á
ǰ˵ǲ׼źڹѪЩÿһСޣһֱȥ
仰̰ɸˣԵĹܼ˵죬˵ģѺڹѪ׼
һʮ̳ڹѪͱᵽԺУԿ̾ˮÿװһЩ͵Χǽ֮ϣЩصˣʱעµһ̾ӡ
ʱƣҹɫԽС֪ܲôģȻһŵׯס
㿴ֲָҹɫüͷĺ͸һһؿɺ첻ͬ
һǸɻϵ̫ûȫһؿɲͬˣǸŮӦû޼ɵ
ЩʱͻȻڴһͭ
ұһӾ;˸飬ҹ˭ûࡣ
ԺǽϵˣͿһƹƮƮģӴ˳
ŵƹĿǽ˿±һʦ۵ˡ
Ժǽϣһǰ̽Ϣˣ˵ò̾ü
Ǹͷ
һУҲעע⼯еϡ
æڱ˵Ĳ£һӣſǽͷơ
ֻˣѾΧǽ׵ĵط
ٿòѾûʲôɫҰףǻȮ
˱󣬺񻹱ʲôѹЩձ
סеĻ֣̿溰ģʲô
ǺǣϼһﻹʲôҾҪԩԩг𱨳𡣡
ҶѾ㻹Ҫô
ǺǣȻѾ£㵽ʲô
һ仰ɶµ˵
ǰһ±ߺҲҵĶԹŮڳ˻Ϊ°յİƶֻе
͢¿˿㣬Ȼм˵ǸСʿѧЩèĵҵǰܣ𡣡
ͶҲٶ˵תͷѾ˵̳
ѾһֱԣڵķԸܻȥǹӤ̳˹͵Աߡ
ӹӤ̳пʼдʡ
飬ӡתУʦзҦɣ־ңϷӹ󣬶¹ȣٽħ㣬ٷУʦ
ո꣬ϵöͭӡͷų⣬ȻǸӤ̳ϡ
žһɲɫĹâ̳Ϸ˳Ȼļϡ
ٶһԭɫĹâ֮УһӤ
ӤƤ壬ɫ԰ףðź⣬۽¶ȮһͲǺڡ
ֻʱĹӤվ±ߵ¿ȥ
±ߵ¼ʩٻ˹ӤǲģǽȴӤǳʵ
ж֮䣬һڻƣƽа֮ȫͬ
Ҳǰ׸ģӤ״Ͳ³СǱõҵ󷨼ڱȻǹӤʵѾԹΪҵĵˡ
ǰ¶ӤЩɵѾԼһС
һͰŵǸ£Ȼ򿪲
ϱߵһֻǲװŵһ긾˵ʬ
͢ؽʬ˵ϣȻǸ䱦һһ£ȻŴЦ˵̣һϾҪһˡ
˵仰ͻȻվ긾˵ʱȻְʬͷ
һأǽȴôĿࡣ
ֻϸʬͷƤȻͻȻ䣬Ƥ˳˵ϡ
ûƤʬ۾ȴˣѪԹ۾ϱߵ㿴ȥ
㻹ǵһμ̵ķѾŵı亹
Աߵ˸ŵƨֱΧǽҪߡ
ʱǸԿͻȻγһҪߵļҶһ
ҿԿõǵҶûɥҲһͷϾһѪۡ


074 
ԿһһˣȻŵվڵԺ˺һȥΪӵ𣿡
׼ܵЩ˺ͼҶԿɱڵӣ뵽ղŵĻһںһֱţӲ˵ģƴһ
Щ˻࿴˿ĬĬԼĵվǽͷ¡
㱾Щ˶ˣûи˸Լ֣ڼǶˣǷһЩġ
վԱߵɣʱȻѾŵûȻһַǽͷǿ˵Ͽ춯֣
ͷԼͷϵĹӤȻǽµǸָָ
ǹӤϾ˼
ֻ۵ĺӵĲãǸ￴˿Ȼ͵ǰһˣգۼǹԡ
ٶȷڵһһǸȥ
ǹﱾѾצ׼ˣڹӤͻȻٶ֮󣬷˶һ
ϱĵͷӤһͣǾǣһȥʱ򣬾ͻڤڤĹ£ֵж
͢¼ûżֻ˼ʼдʡ
ͻȻҧԼͷǸϸʬһѪ
ѪϸϣǸϸͻȻ˼Ѫһ̿ʼ
ӽĹӤȴٶȸӵˣֻ۾ðźⶢϸںʲôһ
ӤûǸϸʬãֻϸͻȻѪֱ磬ȻһԾȻɻ
ϸڰ֮󣬺ƮƮģûдһ诶ȻֱӤı
ӤҲǺǵģԷѾԼҲҵٶһӾһĶ˶ԷĹ
Ǹϸʬһ֮󣬲û̵׷Ƿڵϣ۾ĶŹӤȻͻȻϵѪҺȫȻ͵Ӷȥ
ѪҺ뿪ϸ֮󣬺ͱѪʼŹӤӶȥ
ǹӤһӴѪ֮ϾͷһѪݡùӤѾ԰׵壬ӵ
ЩѪڽӴ˹Ӥ֮󣬺ǻһ˳ѪݾӤӡ
ӤʮֵʹȻܽгҲ쳤Х״Ȼ󼸸Ծ뿪ѪķΧ
ϸӤӳѪķΧ̾ǰԾٴӤȥ
ʱĹӤԾԺңǸϸĹ
͢ں߿龰¶һ˿ЦݣУӤİҲʱˡ
̧ͷΧǽϵ˵Сʿ㻹ʲô¸ϿʹĻûʱˣ
龰üͷһֻʹɱﵣֻվȻ͵һ
Ȼ㿪ʼ䣺ʹߣͽ飬ƣ׽ħа뷡
֮еķӡûɿԺҴܵĹӤһָ
ʱϵıͻȻžһǹ˹Ӥϡ
ʱӤڵĽɫĹâǹͻȻʢ
ǽⱾֻڹӤǱʱѾȫӵ˱棬Ǳŵ׵硣
Ǹϸʬ˵ĹӤһĹѾߣֻֻӥצһƣֱӾӤԴץȥ
һعӤûܣӭȥֻϸϵĺഥ
ŹӤϱ˵磬ֱӾͰϸϵĺɢ
⻹꣬ӤϸƽӴʱ׵磬Ѿ˳ϸƣû
ԭʱʹطµ˹Ӥһ飬ѾԼĵ
ǹӤڵĽ⣬µӡ
ӡܹĥӤڵڱҵĴΣʱܹ׳
Σʱ̣ɱﵣ̾ͽ±ǹ⣬Ӥܴʢ
˵ǸϸڱӤ֮󣬱˼Զ
͢һ龰ҵϸǰͻȻ˻С
һĻϱߵĿࡣ
ֻϸͻȻתãѾûƤµϡ
͢²ûκεķ˽رһ𣬽ŴӳһϢ˳˵ӿϸڡ
㿴龰֪ϸʬˡ
ǳɹһǹӤ
ӤϷŽ⣬ͬʱ磬ڽӵ֮һԾȻ϶¾ͱ˵ͷ­ȥ
һºϸʬûκܵĻͱӤС
˶ҽȻıһ𣬲ûзֿ
ָŹӤĽ˼ΣȻϢңҽϸһ첲ҲȴȻûзֿ
ΪҪôȥʱͻȻ֮쳤Х
ţϸʬڽµ壬ѾΪһ壬ΪĹ
Ϊһ֮ϵϢ͵һȻɢֻϢѹƣͰѹӤ˼⡣
תͷݵ۹ⶢ㣬ѾΪȻǣȴܹ˵ˣֻܿзǺǺǵв
ԵЩҶѾղסˣеǹͣĵڵϣЩֱӾ̱ڵؿˡ
ҧҧӻȡ׼õľ⣬׼ڽʹ׷Ը
ΪɱԸǸŮģڿòǰʹˡ
Ȼѧϰһʱ׷ĹԵʱףҿִʱõľƾⱦܣʱ
ֻһľ⣬һָ߸ߵľ𣬿һתأתɷûתת׻𾪣תתɽת޵ͷһʮֲ޻֮²ö
֮ϵĽʢȻЩ⿪ʼתеŵϡ
ʱµǸûеֻһԾûƮƮģǽͷ
ϼеûȫѾʱˣֻһѹϵĽ㻯׵磬һƮĹȥ
ǹոշɵһͱ׵Уһֻҽžͱ˵ϣҲðһɹɺ̣ʼɢݡ
ǸһߵĹӤѾڵأΪлɳˣһԣֵĵצƣǸظץȥ


075 
ӤƸոڹظǹͻȻһֻƾһǹӤεıڻС
ӤȻ˹ظԼҲסֻƴһ֨֨֨ҽС
ϱ߿Ӥæٴζ׷׵ȥ
ϣ׵ӺܿͽΧӤҲ˳ı׵С
Ӥ׵֮вûκε˺һ˴һ˹űܳ˺Զ
ľ⣬һ䣬һҪȫʩΪµһݵġ
ǵµĹﻹ־֪һγһӵα׵УѾϢ٣ֻĿŶԷʩ
һû˸ţʩǳ˳߾ŵ֣ѾǱ׵ƣҷųĹâѰԺ䶼ˡ
оϵ׵ԽԽԿƣ֪Ҫٲ֣¾ԼҲҪ׵֮£ȵǸѹȥ
ֵ£һ۳ˮͰһֵ磬ֱӾ˹ϡ
һǹֻüҽһ㱻ɻһһҡ
ǹѾˣһûзɾ裬Ȼٴ䣬Ͼۼ׵磬ֻҪʲôԣ̷ܹӦ
ԱߵԿգ±ߵĹѾ׵һȻ˵Ա⣬ȥһǲȫˡ
֮æ㿴ȥղŵ飬Ѿ㵱Ĺǡ
һ£ãȥϱ߿ţûʲô¡
ԿյĻȥĸ¡
ԿµļҶȥģЩһֽҲͣܣԿ֪ǿǣֻɳԼˡ
ƦåȻ˵Ҳ£ǱЩҶȴǿˣսսŹԺţСĽӽǶѻҽ
ҽԱߵʱǻľڻҽлһ£ʲôҲûУŷ
֮˾ʹŹжѻҽ֮һһͻȻڻҽʲôæſȥҽȡһͭ
ϱվŵ˵һô죿
ⶫ׵֮£ȻˣǸȻ̰
Ͽƶһʲôаħ֮Ҫƶѹ
ǸƤĻһæܻԺнݵС
ӹϸĿ˿ֻߵ˷䣬ȴһЩħһo
㿴ĥⶫһͲͨķӦʩչħı
ʱ𣬵ȵȥ֮С
ĥʱͻȻ֮䣬ͻȻ֮мյƹ⣬Ʈ߹
ɺԿֵµļ˶ѾǲľԱһƹȻһĽţȰԺŹϣȻһźڹѪʱ׼
㿴Զĵƹ⣬ҲЩͷ
ղôʱ䣬Ǻ׵ӵ˶ûзӦô£Ȼеƹ￿
ȵƹӽСԺΧʮʱЩ˲ſԭһ̧СΣǰͯͯŮ߻׳ʵĺӣСһŵŮ͡
˿龰һΪǴԶؼҵĸ
ֻͷֱðϵĺˮϾͰ·͸
ӺһլмǶӣһģһԱߵǸŮͣҲûκεĲ
ǸŮˡ
ǽƮԺǰͣ˿յ֮ϡ
ڽԵŮ۾ɨһ£ͻȻǶѻҽϣɫһ䣬æ̽ͷӵ˵С㣬Ƕѻҽү˵Ϣ
вûκεֻһɺͻȻӿǶѻҽ֮ϡ
Ƕѻҽɺ̾ͷ֮γһһŮӰ
ǽͷϿϸһһŮ͢ºǸˡ
˳Σкһ𣬽Ӱ»Żҽ͵ȥʱչŻҽӭ˽УȻûϢ
ǸԱߵŮʱתͷǽϵģȻ˵Сʿһӵû뵽㻹һ
Ȼǲܹʾ±ߺȵƶħֻҪЩûбɨƶ;ưոݡ
Сʿôϵͦġ
˵ʱŮǽк˵ʲô
ǰͯͯŮõ˽еָʾǰһһȥ
ʱղŲ֪㵽ĹӤͻȻֻ֣һǸͯŮԣȻֺСצӾԴץȥ
ǸͯŮ֪˹ӤϮһͻȻԴһתŹӤݡ
ǹӤȻǲԼԷͣһת˸ȦһԵͯжȥ
Ǹͯиӵ׺ݣӤצԼҲ̧צȥ
һһ𣬶Ӥצͯеƣȴ˽һô
ͯһֵס˹Ӥצһ־˳ȥֱӾ˹Ӥϣϵ˴롣
Ӥشæȥһ̹ͷǽͷļͷ
ӤϣҵĹһԴһ߿˿Ȼ֨֨֨ĽлǸ㣬۸
ӤԴ֪۸Ͼ͸
˵֮һӡǹӤͻ̹⣬Ե̳
һĹ򣬵µͯͯŮѾǽߣ˳צֱӾͲǽУȻһһµȥ
㿴ſСޣȻһԵԿ˵úڹѪǳ
Կյ̶ܺϿѪ
һ£ǽͷϵЩ̰еˮǸСȥ
ȻĹѪС޵ϡ
ڹѪһմС޵壬̺һʼʴǵ
С޺ǲ֪ʹһЩڹѪûжٵļɵȻһһۿž͵ǽͷ
һڹѪûãæһƣСȥ
˾ͼһ磬ǸͯеϣۿҪǽͷͯУһҽоǽ¡
ǸͯŮûܵţȻһĵ˳ͷȻһԱߵһȥ
Ǹ˻ûӦͱͯŮ˵ǰȻͯŮݾѾҧĺϡ
һҽУʹվŵĹˤȥ
һʱ֮޷پۼƣбֶΣֻӻһʦɷǸͯŮȥ


076 ޱ
ʦɷִʦ״ʮֵľ޴
ֻո뿪ϵʱ򣬻ƮƮһŷֽڰкܵʲôһǸͯŮϡ
ʦɷͯŮϣžǺⷺ
Ǳ׷˵ͯŮǱһգͲҽҲʼ˺ӡ
ŮͯҽеʱͻȻѾԱ߱˳
һһղŲöѾúöôͻȻִڳˣⲻǸԼ¶
ǽһĻ㶼ˡ
ֻҶѾһѼֱӾʹǸڲҽеͯŮϡ
ǼһͯŮϣͷų⣬γӰӣͯŮǽȥ
ͯŮǷǳеӰҪƴӴܣеӰٶȱˣֻһգۼѾͯŮϡ
Ӱ£ͯŮϺ̴𣬽ͯŮֱǧһ˵ϡ
ڽɢһµǸö˶˵ͯŮѾһήʬ
ʱĶѾʬϰγ˼һֻԭµļѾ⼣߰ߣֻһͶϳء
˲֪ʲôȴǳףǽ
Щ֣ȻҲûٻӰ
ԼֻǽķڶѾǰʾһ飬ѵôһѧˣഺʤ
ûǸǽͯУȴһĲҽУ֮Ĳɵбˡ
ͯвҽ֮ͻȻαøӿ٣ֻһǽͷȻ󲻹ܲ˵ľѾȥ
ѾһԼѾˣղֻǳǸͯŮˣˣΨһıѾˣûʲôˡ
վǽͷϵ㣬Ȼͯ˺ѾֻߵľͻȻľǸͯȥ
Ҫ˵ľʱʱҲģڵľѾһķˡ
ֻľһֱͯУǸͯнżڵһ㣬һΣľ壬˳ȥ
ͯжľתٴѾȥ
ȴûпڳǽϵ󷨾һָľָͷһתľڰת˸ȦٴͯС
һͯȫû뵽еľתȦһġ
ѾͯбشĻᣬܵĽűߣʹվĵĴ󣬲ٳˡ
Ǹͯбش֮ڵԺͣһȻ̧ͷ㣬¶һ}˵ЦݣȻȥһһİľؿڰ˳
żأһӾʹԺд˳ȥ䵽˽ǰ
ǸǰŮͼֻһ˻֪ǸͯŮѾԺС
Ů͵ĵͷ˵˼仰нžͷɳ˼ڹ⣬ڹ˽ǰͯԼκ׳ϡ
ڹһ⼸ƴر׳ǰһܵĵ涼
ǸǰͯٴǰԾȥٶ죬弫ᣬڿƯһܿǰ
ʱ׼ֻ̧ǰеͯѹȥ
ֻһˮͰֵ磬бֱӴͯеϡ
ͯвҽһͱĵɳȥڵϵʱѾάֲס忪ʼŤһͱһݹǵģ
ٽٸͯһӣߵ׳ҲѾֻǽǰȭͷֱӾǽȥ
Ҳ֪׳ȭͷʲôģֻôһ¾Ͱһ³һǽķ顣
һæԿ˵ϿúڹѪȡһʱ䡣
˵֮ͿʼĬһļ׵硣
ǸԿҲ֪Ҫǲֹ׳ЩЩ˿ûк³
һܵͬȣһֱӾǽ±һװźڹѪ̳ӣһ׳ȥ
Կһ׳ǰװźڹѪ̳ӣֱӾ׳ϡ
̳ӵ飬ߵĺڹѪȫĽ˳׳һ
ڹѪȻ˵аãǶǰ׳Чȴ󣬲ǳ࣬Ҳи׳жͬʱ׳ð̡
ĵƦåͼҶڹѪһЩãǱһˮʹ̳׳
źڹѪԽԽ࣬׳жҲԽԽ
Ҳ֪׳ôģȻǼһǰõǰЩҶ͵Ʀòˡ
龰Ͼͼӽ磬Ҫ׽һˡ
ǳǸеˣȴûٸᡣ
ֻǽͻȻƮƮƮ˰գĺʹӿȻ˷±ߵЩҶ͵Ʀȥ
һһ
УЩзŵĺһֻֻԹ
һֻֻĻͲʹ÷еľܽЩɢ
߰˰ֻĹһһӵͷҲ˲±ߵЩҶˡ
ʱŵµĶѾѾŵÿ޳ˡ
ҪҪܰɡ
ѾԴȻ˵ȥ̳飬ˡ
Ѿһԣİ̳ڻС
֮˵öѾ̳һΪǹӤȻһЩ˺ǸڣһĹﻹ̳Ѿһܱ
һҲЩԣһһԼֵסҪܵʱ򣬶Ѿ̳ҲܹٸԼ
ǰеĽӣһηų⣬ǺȫĽӰΧס֮ͻȻǲһɢ
ЩеĹڽӴ֮һҲѪ˿øӵ
ǽӵĽͻȻĴ򿪣ƮƮ߳һ´ϼŮӡ
ŮڰտĹܵϮ
µЩҶ󲿷ֶѾ긽壬Щð׹⣬һŵǹΧ£
ʱֻʣǸԼԿˣûб긽塣
Ҳǰ׸ģֻһǸһֱԵĽʬܵԣʼҵЩҶǱͷѪһʱȻ޷
ЩҶǱԩ긽ʮֵʹЩʬȻһʱԸôˣЩμ穡ȥƵԣֻʱ⡣
еŮӼѶ㿪˵ʿҺԵ޳㼸λҵ飬һҵĸĸҪɢ
ȶҲѾЩˣŵʮֿ󣬱˿Ļһ¶ӣԵļ˻
׳ӣµӣ԰еŮ˵ҪȻԤȴǣ޹ô˼Ϊ
Ǻǣʿ˵ĵҪ˵һͲߡ
ƶһֻһʱӶȻȥ뷹ڳԱúݡ


077 ɱ
˵֮󣬲ԥֶ̧֣ǸеŮһ
һ£ֻǵãžһбֱǸŮ
ǸŮѾ֪ѧ±£رǸղŶԸͯͯŮʱҲ˷֮ġ
̧ƣ֪ԷҪˣֻڰһΣĽ̷ų˹̣ϡ
˵ǳʱ죬ȻĽӿʼͷẓ́ٶôܸϵ磿
Ůûбȫ֣סѾǰ
ֻŮϣǸոḷ́̾ɢʵʵڵĴŮıϡ
۾һ
Ϊ׵ǷǳģԴ֮еħ¶ɢ
һŶǸŮܹӲסס
ȵɢȥĿۿ֮һľͱñ
ԭŮֻεĵԼǰߣղûŮ֮ϡ
Ůϳһź֮⣬ûκεˣǳԣŮ·ҲǷ
Ůڰ֮лķ䣬ȻЦݣȻ˵ʿֻѧͣ¾ļˡ
ԷȻȻѾųһţǱȻǿװ򶨡
ŮҾͲܵס׺
˵仰֮ҲˣֱӰֵľ߸ߵ̧
ȻĬ̫ҾּɿľϾۼ
±ߵŮ֪ŵһ˵ıɲʩɹĻԼҪԿ
ŮҰ׵ָһָ
ԩʱѾܲˣһȥ
ۿҪԩûʱԵĶѾͻȻҧҧӵ¼ֻһľʼĴ裬赲ЩԩĿ
ѾڻеǸ̳ʱҲų˲ɫĹâһȫڶѾ棬ʹԹÿ
ǸʬҲ·ڣ㻤ԼĹΧ֮ڡ
Կռ龰ҲƴˣγԼҲܲ˵Ĵԩ꣬ǲͣĻ裬ҪȡһЩʱ䡣
ʱѾؼʱڵĹ⻪Ѿȫеľϡ
ȻĬ⣬Կã뷡
գľ⿪ʼǵ⻷ơ
տʼֻľܻһСȦһΧԽԽ󣬶̺ĵԽԽǿ
ʱΧƵЩԩ꣬Ѿ޷ˣһԩǰһ̽̾ͻᱻУΪɻҡ
ԺߵǸŮҲɫѿȻ֪ȴû뵽ľ޴
ʱָ߸ߵľľ⣬۹ǽŮȥ
ŮҲͨ۾ӣûκε顣
¶һ˿ʤ΢ЦŮһָ
ľϻ۵磬ͻȻɢȻлһţȻһֱŮ
һŮûϴһһˣ˻صǸС
ٶٿ죬ܿù׵𣿻ûеȫУ׵Ѿһϡ
Ů֮Ů̱úֱðǼҲֵסðһιͰȥˡ
ŮѾɫѾá
ȴûκεĺУȻȥȻӲҧĽС
ŮһУǽ̷ųĹâڽγһɫɡǡ
ϵ׵ɡǽס˺˷ֺ
һ龰֪ǽҲǷҲǲ˵ı
ֻӲͦţľĽͨ
ҧڽеȫеľϣľⱻһ̴Ź
ϸԱߵ˾ͻ֣ᷢŵľųĲǹߣܼ硣
һϻۣȻһ¡
ǸӷųĺɫǣôУҲʼƮ
ۿɡǾͻᱻƣʱеŮһȣžһŵĺӽзų㼯С
ɡ֮¾γһɫһ֣ɡ̾ͻɺ̣Ȼ˺֮С
ʱ˳ƴ˺֮ϣȴûиκε˺
ԶѾǽƣȶЩվסˣַǽܹǿվֱ塣
һľѾȫĳȥ
ԿԿľų磬Ǹκεá
⵹ľⲻǸԭãǳ޷ľܡ
ĹƾľٻףʱʲôħһҲữΪҽ
һеǺľǸתһ£һ˽Ͽա
ʱеĽͻȻľ¶ɫ԰׵Ůֻһ˿Ѫȴ¶Цݡ
ʿ㻹ʲô£
˵仰֮Ůһӣǽٴηų˺̣ܵЩԩȥ
ЩԩһɨУܴ̾һøӿ񱩡
ЩļҶһð⣬ҲʼһȦ
ЩҶѾô㣬ǿʼһıƽеĹҲʼ
Կռ龰ҲҵæҵڵʩչȫĹ뽫ЩļҶȫˡ
һȴǰȫͬԿյĵЩҶϣֻһӡڶԷϣԷû£Կۡ
Կռ龰æ󺰣취ȻĻǾҪˡ
ԵǸʬȴֻҪиļҶ̱һķɡ
ǽȴôĿɿڴЩķɵļҶܿ±˻ղǽʬǵĴκ˺һ
ĬĬĳ˼һ£Ȼӻȥһͨľ
̾һľĵƣҪʩչ֧ľȴҪǳĹڵͣЩв档
ͷôҲһˡ
ãʱһֻеԩ㿪Կգ߰˸˲סǽʬһ߷
ԱߵĶѾæľǰȥֵԩһزôľֻһͰѶѾƵһԡ
ԩкţֱȥüͷһ£Ȼֿǿеԩȥ
ʱеľڰлʱγһ
ԩûбľӽȱɨ
ǱеԩǱĨȥͼһʧ
ⲨɢⲨɢǱɨḺ́꣬㱻Ĩȥ
Щ긽ļҶɨ֮Ҳ̱ڵأһ۾һߴڴһ߿ʼСӦǶѹ


078 
ǽеŮ֪ãֻڽֲͣŷ
ͻȻǰеĺɫʼɿתȻһʯһֱ׹ȥ
Ҳûİ취ˣֻٴλӶǰеĺɫȥ
ǿڰһλһ
ɫһⲨתٶ̼ͬʱҲʼͣס޷κεĶ
±һţ̼ӽӶֱۣž֮ϡ
ղ¶Ȼĺ⼸УȻʼбס
龰ٽȫӶ߰£Ǻ֧Ųסڰ»ɺ̡
ں߽еŮ龰һ䣬ǰбɢĺ̺鳲һµ뵽˽ڡ
˵վǽͷԺУԩʼͣػӶеĿ
һĲԺмֻԩʧ
ʱԺǽеŮȻŲʣֻǵͷҲ֪ʲô
ԺеԹ֮ٴξſߵŮȥ
Ⲩ죬ʵȴ绹Ҫ켸ֻ֣һգ۵Ĺ˽ԡ
ʱŹֵĽҲ˺ƣҪĲס
ⲨʵǹŹ֣֪̺ʲô͹Ǻһ̾ͲӰ
ȻⲨһĴ˽ϣҲͨĶǲȻϣֻ˻βûκε˺
гĬʱŮһ̧ͷֻڻѾԭȵǸŮˣѾһȫá
üԦӣзȥ֮һԶӶݡ
һȫԤϣ뷨УŮӦûбܾͣôߡ
Ȼ뷨ȷģŮӳ˼֮󣬱Ӳͣ˰ա
ٴתһŵĺܻۡ
Щ֮ŮͻȻֽ̽ȫץ֮УȻһ̵֮ڡ
֮ǰȻһƮƮӰӳ֡
ԶǵʲôڽеŮȴǳӰӾò
һ֮ŮͻȻſڣȻӿһɫĻ棬ֱӾյǰӰϡ
Զ㣬ͻȻ͸оһȣһӽŵֱš
һˣǶԷԼʩʤ֮
ܹ֮ô֪ԭҲΪڸոʱûбͣȫʤӣ˶Щаǳ˽⡣
龰㲻ҵæԣڣ޺ƽ٣֤ͨ⣬Ω۶н⣬ӳ֮֮ţأȺգ飬йͬӭʹ飬ɥ־Σ۽ڣ֣̳ͥ
֮ҧʳָڰл֮ٴ䣺֮⣬֮⣬ǹ⣬֮⣬ʮ⡣
ո꣬ĵ֮оͷų˹Ⱦһĺɢ
ʱûֹͣʼɢ壬㸽֮С
ԶŮͻȻ֮;ãѾڵĲɫͻȻתԼ֮ڡ
ŮϾ֪Ƿķɡ
ŮһʩչķͬСɣǳľ޴ֻҪǿһۼУܹͨӰʩչɵ˵ϡ
ⷨȻǳľ޴󣬵ʩչĴҲǳ
ΪѾ룬ǽò֪ĹҪʩչԼһ롣
ŮǳĶ˵ʩչŷĴ۾͸ˣֻȡһ˲ܣô붼Щ
Լ˷ɣʣµһۿҲٵļ٣ŮѾЩľս
ŮЩҵʱԵǸŮͣǰʵʿǲݱܷâ
Ů۾ͻȻһצӣֱӾͰŮץ˽УһţͺޱߵһҪŮԼС
Ǹͼ龰һƴһġ
ŮûκεĶģֻĹͽȫԼڡ
һ֮ٴηųһŵĺӿ֮ڡ
תһȦȻ·ɳУʱŮѾ»ָ
ԶȻǿŮӣҲ֪ŮˣĻͻ
߸ߵĽ֮࣬ɷԪ˧彫׽ϿĴ춡ִͨݺ㿱ʩΣָ£Ī飬壬ƽ
һո꣬Ʈά֮УһͶ뵽ڵĿռ䡣
գۼ˿УȻ⿽㲻뿪ϡ
ԶǸŮʱ̧ͷһǸӦʲôѾָɫøӵĲ԰ס
ŮӦΣ֮Ҳͣڽһġ
̧ŽӵĸõĹӰʱͻȻȻһתԶɿĶȴ
ʱеǸͻȻҪܿռһ
õĿһܵĿռ䶼⿽ЩƮҡ
ռĲһεɿɢգۼĹ׷Ǹӡ
Ⲩɢ֮󣬲ûаôֻγһǿⱾѾٶߵĽӣһصǰ
еǸŮΪѾˣգۼ±˻ҲӲʲôϣˣֻһ𣬾ʹ˽ӣȻżһԶȥ
ŮٶȻɿ죬ܵö죬ԭء
ŮԴ龰ȫĲֻ֪֪ƴ÷ɳۡ
龰ͻȻЩ̾סյʱпҲ뷨
ֹһŮѾ˵طֹͣΣ̧ͷܹ
ǽͷϿЩЦȴ׼ٺˡ
ֻһǰеĿͻȻ£ȻŮͷ
Ůڿµһ˲ѹɿһۣžڿ£ʧա
ſŮתһȦȻȵǰ
㲢ûнſ˫ϥ򵹶ߵס
ԭղùʱ򣬾Ѿоµ
֪ԼͲʹӦʱգ˿ǰ


079 ֽ
еĿߵףðͷ˵㣬Ȼһʹſɢȥ
û֧֮󣬿ƮƮģǰ
㼱æּ̧𿽹Ȼָһ¡
ǸеĽ𿽹֮ҲƮǰ
ӣҲС
ʱĶѾѾûΣգĴ̽ԴǰӣҪһ¡
ۼֿ죬̧־͸˶Ѿһ£ٴθ˻ȥ
ֹ˶Ѿ֮ǰǰ̽ڽһ¡
ǽ㴥̷֮ų˹̡
ԴһǺ̴֮󣬲û˺ֻ˳ľȻתһȦͣڵ֮ϡ
̫ҽּǶ̲ųƵģȻŨŨסŽ⡣
ʱǸߵĽҲ˱仯ֻһŤȻʵת飬󻯳һֽϡ
ֽһĸоӿͷϾӵ;
Ҳ֪ɣԴ֮󣬱ϵܣܹĹ֡
ڽʩչʤܹ֮
Դܣܹɻǣ˲Σѡ
ɵǶҲӵı졣
ǽӾʱԹɷɣʱƣԽ
˽֮ǳ⣬ӽ֮󲻵˴ĹߣһԺħֶһЩ֤
ʱͻȻһԱ𣬡ǸŮǲѾˣ
ͷһԭһֱſڵϲɣǲΡΡվʻ
ڿקˣٸԩˣŮҲԼֵɢ
ŮȻҲмķƶ£Ȼɢء
֮ûκθ˵ı飬ͻȻ̱ڵأʼʹ顣
Ѿ˺üµģԴӶ֮ѾңΨһ뷨ǸӱǵóԸ
ֻվԱĿһۣ㲻ٹע
Ҫ˵Ķġ
ĶʼҲֳ⵵ʹߺöɥ
㲢ûе˵ֻҡҡͷͶȻһԻԼԿ˵׳ʿ鷳ˡ
˵鷳֣лܷԸ
ԿվһεļսѾǾ
ȻڽҲ֪һЩֵ飬ǶСС֣нľĶǡ
׳ʿѹǻңŵ϶ʮɽ괦ŮӵķĹҽѹǻŮӵԱߡ
ʱһ߿ĻȴͻȻۺ˵ΪʲôҪЩˣҵĻֱӵˣԱͷ֮ޡ
ԿպͶѾĻƮȥӵ
üͷɫ˵𣬼ȻѾˣǰĶԹһʹαظϾɱ
˵仰ҲɣֱӰŽӻֽһ£̾ͷɳŹǻҡ
ǻҷɳ֮û̵أڰдܿͻǸ顣
ֽŹӵУȻԱߵĶѾҪһϸİãȻ֮ݸԿա
ԿսӹС㹰˹֣뿪СԺ
ˣҲһûаı
ǸɼĶûκֹ۾ȴͣתǴʲô⡣
ʵͷɵûֹ
ΪղŹ鲢Ȼγɵģ긽ǹǻ֮ϣγ˹顣
ɲʲô⣬Ȼ£һ˲е˼ǷĹضɣÿĹ֮֮ء
Ҫ˵ǰҲûֶΣҪڰæ
ǿɵĲƲǽеĹȫ𣬶ȫյ˿УѺ
µõǸֽӣȴܹЩΪԼ¡
ָЩָļҶʼɨս
ϾղһڣѾ⸽СԺԼԺͷĲݶֵ߰㣬Ҫǲ˼ʰãû
ҲЩͥʼĴɨʱԶͻȻһ
Уׯ»˹ֵĹ˷
ԭСɽͷϵǵƣҲɢȥˡ
ȵɫ׵ʱǸСׯͷӦ飬ִ߰˸׳˹
ӦһͼطȻʰȻ߰㡣
ӦоһתСԺʲô顣
ӦЩ֣˶û
ѾϢһɼӦˣҲϽȥӦꡣ
׳ʿһ룬ҲͲٴߵİˣǾϾ뿪塣
ӦȻѾԤԼе˵ķĹԺҲÿˣҲһ
ڵӦҲ˵ûάһ٣˵ؿԺк󸣡
ϣɻǮڴеСԵЩʳµļҶ͹͵ĵƦһ٣ȻȵʱԿǻһ뿪Ҵ壬سǶȥ
һ˺ƺƵ»سǣԭǴլǰ
ɱǲɢеˣȥŷһ¡
㲻׼Ǽҵ飬ѾҪˣץֲţȴ棬ŷ
̾ʹӻȡһֽݵǰ
һζ˵æҴñûбТЦɡ
ΪһƱأǽӹ۾һ̾;Ŀɿڴ
ԭƱһŵصǽµ⴦լ
֪լӵļֵǸϽѵ˻ȥˡ
ʹãȻЩ΢ǻꡣ
ɣȴûнǵֻ̾һ˵ԴСȥ֮ҲѾûܹ̳ˡ
뽫ҲһתǺһ룬Ҳһֻǽլ͸Ҫ
Ǹտʼʱ㻹֪˵ʲô˼ǾʱأѾˡ
Ȼɻʱػ˵ģһȥûֱϵ̳УôЩһᱻϷ֣ġԾ
ɰҲ㣬ʱһЩһưոݡ
ֻǰլ͸㣬һҲ޻˵ϾѾ˾󲿷ֵĲƲ


080 Ƿ
ɽ͸֮󣬱㹰ִ˸ˡ
͵⣬һɵ뿪Ż
ںԺһطĽʬһ£ýʬںԺԭȲһؽţԺļˡ
׼ͶѾǰס⽩ʬҲǰߣһи˿»вõԡ
Ȱźýʬ»صǰ棬ոսţͼѾ̳ԺҴܡŶѾЦı飬Ҳɵ¶Цݡ
Ѿţվ￴Լ΢ЦЩ˼æ
һȻ˵լ̫ˣһʱסʱѺ߷ˣǰ߾ס
ţġ
ѾӦһǹһĵ͵һۣȻ˵ǲҪլӣĳɵۣ
һ룬̧ͷֿ˿װξģӴԺ䣬ҪǰĳɵۣǱ
ǻЩǮһʱڸ޸۾Уط͵ǵļˡ
Ѿ֮һĻϲôƯĵطҲʮֵϲ
ѾԴȻ˵ˣȥʰӣеطס
Ѿ֮󣬻ߣʼҾסӡ
Ѿ鷿ԱߣֱԼ䷿䣬Ȼڿʰһ顣
֮ҴææŷȻ˵Ѿʰˣûб죬ô˯
Դһ룬Ȼ˵ãˣǳԶٷȻڸĵ￴һûֳɵġ
ѾӦһȥ·Ȼһˡ
ԭȵլسеλ÷ǳãֻһת䣬سΪĽֵϡ
ǾͽһСȥ׼˼ƲˣȻǼӡ
Ƿʱϲ˱ȽͶѾһҹ·ϵĽ־һС˵̸
ʱ򣬴С߽ˡ
ǻƼˣڵȥӴ
๫ôˡ
ţϿ׼ЩƲˣҺͷ˻¡
ǻƴӦһͰõԱߵϡ
ԱˣǱȥֻԱŵһķ򸾡
ŶǶʮ꣬еĳӢһ˰ĵϢɢ
ŮӸӵҫֻۣò֮ΣӨ⣬üĿȻһ
Ȼòִ࣬Ҳ٣㵹
Ůȴ㿴Щˡ
ִǹŴŮŮΪƯִЩŮװ֮ҲֻܺŮƽ룬ܳԽ֡
ŮӺҲо۹⣬õغһ
Ҳѹæͨذͷһߡ
ĶѾӣ̾ͱĹƲŮһۣȻĶĺӣ֪ˡ
ǸŮ⻰ɫ̾ͲÿǸ๫͵վŶѾȵС˵Ҫ¡
ѾҲ֪Լղ˵˵ĹˣӵĺǳⲢûκεķ
ڶüղŶѾĻȷʵ˵Ĺ֣ûָա
վͺǳһİСҲǲˡ
Ǹ๫˲˵ˣŵ£Ȼ۽ŵŮһ¡
ǸŮЦЦҡҡͷԼ๫Щûа취
ҲˣҴҵĳ˷뿪ꡣ
ʱǸ๫˵ЦŮӣͻȻһ¸첲
һ˲䣬һֻӬ˶Ѿĺϡ
һȫ֪ͶѾڸñ˼ӣȻ»صԼլ
֮˸ʰһ·䣬˯ˡ
رȷʵ۵òᣬһͷһմͷ˯ȥ
˵ǶСڳ극֮ЯŻصԼļС
סĵطլҲԶֻǸһС·
˻صпɫ磬û̾Ϣڴͷµգйȥѧ飬ԶӮ۸ߵ͡˭ˣ˭ͱԷָӡ
˸տʼĻǾˣǵоǶ๫ȴЩ²ߡ
λŮҲԼ๫£ʵ๫Ϊʲô²ߣüչĪʲôʹģ
Ƕ๫̾һҲû˵ʲôֻǴӻȡǮȻڴһ߹ɢӡ
ˣǼҾʣǮˣҪٲ취Ժûˡ
ǸŮӿ˿ϵɢӣûκεĵġ
ھƵмǸʿſǲһǮģǳʲôݽһǧá
Ǹ๫֮϶ǲ죬ǽ˳ͻһǳμ棬ôϽôǮ
ķ˵ҪԸó
˵֮󣬾ͼ˸ֽй٣ڵϣϸӣȻŶ๫˴ϴµһóǡо
˵ʱѾ˯ͻȻĴǰһľ졣
Ȼ˯ú죬죬һӾͰѣΪʲôһӾʹӴϱ־ڴߵľ
ںڰ֮вûκӰ˷һЩ
ʱš
ôˣķں¡һԭǶѾơ
ûأɡ
֨ѽһ򿪣žǵƹ⽫
ƹ֮£´һŵһƨڵϡ
ԭĴǰѾѿһӣף߻ͣðһĺ
˲ʱͻȻ׵ѷ֮Уһ˸žʹ߱ĳһ۵й١
й֮ƣϵſڵĶѾѾĿɿڴ
Ǳˣ˱ٻ񣿡
㣬ʲôˣҹشլУ񡣡
˵ĵڣѾҲ͵͵Ųķ䣬Ȼһ̵ܻԼ
ڶѾͷĹϣһӤ̳
Ѿ̳ǰһѾͱסˣȻҴææľԱķȥ
ȵѾſʱǸйǶ׺ء
ظʲôģĹǲ˼һĻ
ǸйٱʵĿ࣬йٲͷˣʿţΪʿǾҡײƭʵѾ񼫡
й˵ִӵۣզ㼸£Ȼ˵̩ɽ۾ټܹ¼ҪһǧܣÿʮʩһټܣĶС
ֱ֮飬ǺԼҪһǧѽ˵ԼûôǮǮҲЩˡ
ԷҪǮѾ˻ɣظ˼ҪǮⲻǺ
˵µĶ˺Ǯ˶ǣ̩ɽҪ£ҲҪǧܵҪѽ
Ȼ˻ɣǾ;͵ȿ˵ݣĬ÷ۣйٿȥ


081 ֽ
һۣһαǰй٣ȻȻŲϵ·ֽȴֽġ
֮󣬶ڷʮֵ⣬һ龰ﻹףʩ˷թԼӡ
ǰйֻһֽˣϵ¾һС
һСҪԼ֣վſڵĶѾ˵йүҪ㻳бǲ𣿸йү
йĻתͷȥһֻѾﱧһ̳ӣôôװӵģǻһЩ
С޻Щģһ̩ɽԼ䡣
ѾǶѽôһ˵֪˼
ֻΨΨŵŵǰ˼Ȼʩһ˵йүһеǺóʱµģ֮󣬵һҪǺú˵һ˵
ģһƭ𣿸ϿӸҡ
ѾĲˣʹƵģеĴ̳ǰһݡ
Ǹй־Ҫӹǻû̳ڴ̳Ͼͷųһ̹⣬žһС޴˳йٵ־һӡ
һȥǸйٵ̾ͱˡ
ѾСֵؽейүֵˡ
йٺҲʲôһȻоһں̡
̼ٵڴƿϵС޴ȥ
ǸֺС޼Ϯһſһ̾ȫУȻͣƷζеζ
ǸйټϾҪܡ
ϧٶȲ죬ֻǹӤ͵ǰһԾſļϣйٵԴһڡ
һ°ԴͱȻӤɽɾˡ
Դй٣վľûκεĶӤϵ£ľͽйȫˡ
ȵйʧ֮󣬵ϵǸѷҲʼĵȥʧ˰֮УʱٿȻȻԭһжǻӰ
ǸӤڴһ֮ǰһԾļϣȻԴʼЦ
̧ȻվĶѾ˵ǵĵ˾һŮŮѾӦûʲôˣôǣ
Ѿͷԣ˵᲻йҪǮ
һۣȻ˵йٱСӤһʰ˵𣿡
Ѿ֮ҲЩ˼Ͼڴ˵йأǹĿǣСӤйҲǸ
һ룬ȻԼϵǸСӤ˵ճйӦû֪Ϣ˳Ϣһң˭ǵ鷳
ǹӤ֮ĵ˵ԴȻĴ
֮תתȻͻȻķԾһ˲ͳķ䣬ʧ
ӤլӣڰתһȦȻ˳һڤڤеϢԶһСլԺȥ
ӤոԺͻȻһ䷿ϵʹŽ⣬žʹϱһλ׵񽫡
񽫶ڼף䲻гŸֱޣӤ
ٶȻЩӤֻԵһת䣬ͶֱޣȻſڷϴ񽫡
񽫵ܣһ˲ܽССĹӤƷڵµȻ˵װϲҲŸֱޣȴ˼βԾǽͷ
񽫾;ŸֱޣСӤԴȥ
ٶ̫ˣֻӤķɹ񽫵ͷ񽫻ûзӦʱ򣬾һ¡
񽫿ʵֽһӤôһ̾͵һֻȣűʧȥƽ⣬ӷԺС
Ӥǻû湻ǰ˼ſڷܣŵµǸŤŤҪվôҲ޷쵽
񽫴ӷϵǲСܿͰѷе˸ˡ
Ƕ๫һȣʲôˣ
ǸŮȴüͷ
Ժ˲ãκεС͵ļң»ûж־ͻᱻܡ
ЩˣԼ๫˵๫ڷдţҳȥ
ӣСˡǶ๫йģȴʮֵƽǶǰŮӵıʮ˽⣬İΣ
Ůӵͷ´˼·žͳˡ
Ժһͼһ񽫶ȣҪվȴôҲܹɹ
ŮӱƽģɫЩˡ
̧ͷ¹ֻڷſһɫ԰ףͨСޡ
С֮ŮɫͲÿ
ŮѾϳСޣһӤҿʵӦǱ
ܰһӤֵزôˣӦò
ԷȻѾˣԼҲʾŮӴӻһ͡
мֽˣֳУŮӿʼ䡣
ֻϵļֽķų˽⣬ŮһףеֽƮ˰֮һţ䵽µʱѾ߰˸׵񽫡
ŮӵҲ˵ֻһָǸӤµ߰˸񽫱һӵϣżأֱϵĹӤȥ
ǽͷϵĹӤһͻȻôˣûк£Ц
ڹӤֻͨĻЦǵµŮȴ÷ǳĴ̶һͷҪ͸Լһ
Ѿǽͷ߰˸񽫣ûеȶ֣ǸӤȷ̹һеһ񽫱Ѿͷ롣
񽫶Ѿ׷ͬ飬ûпһۣٱҪ׷ɱǹӤ
ǵٶȣô׷⴩ĹӤֻ̹ûмµĹ߰˸񽫾ͶѾʧȥ˶
ӤҵʳһѾ׷뻹Щһйȥһ߰˸񽫾Ͷ˹ӤĶӡ
µŮӼ龰Ͼˡ
ֻݣĴӴͷһֽһŴֽˡ
ȻҲȥֽ䣬ȻҧԼָѪֽ˻һ˫۾
ȵһ֮ԺУսֽ˳ȥ
ֽ֮ӭ䳤ܿͱһһɶߵľˣֻ󵶱粻ѡ
ǽϵĹӤ±һģûʲô£ֻһһ̹Ǹ˵ԣҪ¿ڰҲˡ
ǻûȹӤĿǾеĴ󵶱һӤ
ǹӤһ˸ţֻӤ̹⿪ʼ˸ǹӤһ󰧺һ˷
ԺеľˣӤ˷Ҳż̧һǿһһһڰߣܿ˹ӤĶ档
ǹӤԷöԸæʹԼɱﵡ


082 ʩ
ֻӤ֫ŵأһһԶǸȥ
ǸڹӤԼʱ򣬺סһվﲻˡ
Ӥһһ˾˵ԣȻ˳ĽȥûжһṦ˾˵ͷ
ʱ±ߵŮҲԣֻһֶŹӤһָȻ˵
ѾſҪԴҧȥĹӤһ֮󣬾Ȼ˰Уֺܶ
ŮӼ龰¶Цݡ
ӤȻԼĶ£־ܡ
Ů»ݣ˼ֽһףܿЩֽ±˽񽫣˷Ҫ׽Ӥ
ʱӤͻȻǷųһĵ⣬ܿҾһʲôһǹӤһ˲˻
ӤҲ˳ʲôóԵˣһ̹ƮžʧСԺ֮С
ڣϵһ˺񽫶ûĿ꣬Ϸų˽⣬Ʈȥ
վڷµŮۣǱѾڰеļһ˲ȫֽˣС
֮ŮӽǸֽˣǷǰǸϡ»ݡ
ոһǶ๫Ͼӭ˳ŷ˵ڴϣȻǵʵղô£ĪЩҹˡ
Ů֮ҡҡͷ˵ȻûȫѧɽķǶڽͣȴ֪һȻܹɱʹoȴûѱӤֶΡ
Ǹ๫֮ǳһ
๫صģϵǸѾҸˣҲ˷Ӧ¡
˵ǸŮӺʲôͻȻվߵԺ˼һڼڳһѾɼصֽûʲôˡ
龰ŮǱɫ
ԼղɳֽйǰȥǵʿҪǮûж೤ʱӤϮȻǵʿԼķ˳Ӥǰ
ϵǸʿҲЩֶΣֲܹ
ΪŮӸӵļˣƾʲôзܹԺõĺȺõģȴ°ÿӡ
ȻôҲֻǴͳ
뵽Ů»ݣҲ˵ӹȡһֽȻڴǰʼŸֽˡ
Ǹ๫ɫãֻһԣʰֽƬ
ûһĹŮӱѾһٸֽˡ
Щֽ˴вͬеͷۣеǽףмЩֽ֮С
ȵʱŮӽֽһڴϣÿ˵ĶͷϵһźӡȻдʡ
һ֮Ů˵ԺգЩֽһס
Щֽһ˹⣬зȥһʧǰ
˵һɳ˹Ӥǰȥ̽ԷͣûһӤĻˡ
ֻӤ֮Ҳ㣬ֱӾſ˶ѾļϣűŶѾԴ֨֨֨Ŀ
ӣ֪ԼʲôطӤˣ
ѾŹӤıŶ䣬ŹӤ˵һ̧ͷ˵ڲԶһԺУһǷŮӣɳֽֽһ١
㵽˲ŻȻ򣬹ֲӤԼԭΪԼһٴԲźԼСƢء
СҲǺܺúģҲյ˹ӤԣԴȻװĵʵûʲô˰ɣ
ǹӤҡҡͷִԴŪߣûãֻǰͷƲһߡ
˺ˣˣСƢˣϴˣ˽Ұ׻Ƕ㹩һЩ
СӤ׻ǵ֣ϾͰͷת۾ϴĿŶѾһ
ģҵİﻹкü׻Ǻ͹𻨸⣬һ㹩ϡ
СӤ֮⣬عͷԴ˲֣ԭˡ
ˣ쿴ûˣȵʱٵǴԺϸ̽̽ʲô˼ңı¡
ţ˯ɣҲȥˡ
˵֮Ѿ뿪ķ䣬һߵǰҪţͻȻϽʢ
Ѿûлݣʱ򿴵޾Ľ⣬ԺֶҲǾĿɿڴ
㿴ϾŭˣԷթԼûгɹһʹֶΣȻǾͱƶҲˡ
뵽֮㼱æݣȡľʹԼĻУȻְǸµõĽҲ˳
һԺеʱЩѾɢһȦڹȦгɡ
Ϊ׵һͷڣۣǽͯŮٽǴĸʽ񽫡
Щ˵ΧмٵǣԺеж
ԺеϿգһĹٴˣǰǰߣ±ߵһָغȵϣ̩ɽһյƻԹǶĸ֣㲻𷴶ʹߣڸǰ㻹¹򡣡
㱧ľǰ˼˵̩ɽˣȻǹӭϵⲻ̩ɽħ֡
ⷬϵЩɶŭˡ
ֻһ񽫴һŸֱ޾¶
龰Ҳ°еľһӡľֱֶ̾񽫶ȥ
񽫼ľҲ£øֱǰһͽľҳȥ߰ɡ
ľʦѾͨԣֻ±ߵָһָľȻһλǸ񽫡
еľҲ˳ָڿлһȦһη񽫵š
񽫻û˼ֱľסֻٴξٸֱ޽ľҷɡ
ָľΧ·衣
񽫺ҲˣϵĸֱҲ׵˿УֱһУӭͳȻɶ೤ľֱӾͲľϣ޷ж
񽫼ѾƷľ̤ҪԺС
ͲһѪ
ܵסϵ
һסľ⣬ſĪĬľҲų˶Ĺϡ
ͼ֣ͻȻ֮绷֮ԽԽƶǸ񽫣ǰһ
һзɳǽ񽫵ϡ
ǽ񽫸ղôľ˰죬ڱУ̾ȫð˻𻨣Ȼ˻ҽ
ˣٴתƶ׼˿У硣
绮գȺеĶϣϾ񽫱УɻңԺС
ʱһֱĶѾͻȻ˵ǰߣӵקʲô»صĺߣȻ˵㿴ֽˡ


083 ȥ
бһֻѾקȱһֽƬһεϰ
ӶԷһûеóѣǱ䱾ˡ
˼⵱£еͻȻţȻܵĻ񽫣ʲôָʾͻȻȫӰСԺ
⼸һԼͷҲӦ
㼱æӻȡһֽӣȻһס
ֽտʼƮƮͻȻ֮ųһɺ̣Ȼգۼͱһӡ
ţСӾԱߡ֮һŮʹ˽ϽΡ
һԱ߻ЩɵĶѾһ˽ӡ
ȷʵСһ˻ǿͶѾ˼棬ʵûа취ֻöѾԼϡ
Ͻ֮СƮ˰ա
ʱеЩҲԺУŵĽΧס
ֻǸվλ־ٵǹһŹ⣬ҪСβ
֪ЩոСεܣͱһɺ̵Χ
Ҳǵһ֮ⷨУȻڽУֽܸãȴ͸һ赲ߡ
ܵ÷ǳ
ڼЩĵǹ̵סҡǽԱߵŮͺܵͻȻ̣֮һ˱˸š
ֻһ֨֨죬Ǹ֮Уͱʴʲôʣˡ
Ụ̊˸񽫡
㣬Լ̫ҽּеĹâ뵽˽С
ǽ̴Źͬʱӽһɹɺ̱ż˳ɢЩһ֣ͺСиǵ塣
Щ񽫺ܿں֮УһֳԭΣֽڵϡ
Ǹеˣ龰ŭ𣬽һϲȻ˷ӰԾ£һʯһҹ˹
ʱͻȻһڽϿγɡ
ԭǸŮʩչʱǻǲǺۣҲΪŮġ
ʱʩչУͱࡣ
ֻ⻪Ǻǹâۣһվͷųǳ̫һ
˼ԦŹâڻųĹâ֮ϡ
һŹײһɢĹسǶˡ
ֵǣ󶯸ɸ꣬سȴ˳ûκۿ
ֻڳĸжĺȻˮеĲһͣɢسС
ǽ˱ֹý·ֺ
ȴƣһضԶֻ֣ǰ۵ĵ뵽С֮УȻһ
ͼѾŹСӣڸ˶ĵ⡣
ֻһȻͻ㼯һһɵĵ֮ɿ˶ȥ
ŸֱޣͣĴǻǣûע⵽ĵš
һ˶Ļ棬֮кơ
쳤ХһȻεĻ˻ҽ֮ʲôƮ
ڽǸŮͣ龰ǰһԾҽԣʲôȻƮǰߵ˵ˣǸֽˡ
һֽӹֽϸһ۲죬ŷֺǰЩֽ˲ͬһǾ׼ġ
һ£һԼ޹˶ԷϮ»ᱻԷᡣ
ĶѾ˵ȥ̳
ѾķԸɿ˽ӣһ̵ľ˷ﱧ̳»ص˽ӱߡ
Ůʾһ£һŮͺ˼ǰһͽӹ̳
Ѿڽ̳֮󣬾»صУڽԵǸŮȴס
ʱеҲ˵ˣѾڼ￴ңȥȥͻء
˵֮ǽӾƮƮ˰ա
ʱ򣬹ӤҲ̳г˽ӵĶˣȻָָһ
ӾǸȥ
㻹ΪжԶľ룬չһ֣͵˵ط
˵һֵŮӣеֽ˱֮ѾС
ʱɫѾ࣬Ҫֽ֪˻ǰˣֻƵġ
ǸΪ׵ȴ˺óʱ䣬ܿǲС
ھȻҲʧȥ磬ͷķǳǿ
Ů뵽طٴˣϾ͵ú๫Ͽ뿪
Ǹ๫Ůɫ﷢æĺ󱳰οӲغ£๫һЩģҾ͵ȥһ״
ŮӶԼ๫ˣҪ֪ĳǱ͢ɻģҪȥ˹ٸͶ
๫ǵ黹ǲҪٸˣŲһ뿪
ⶡ๫ЩԸ⣬ӣŸոհѵҪӵĵط𣿡
๫Ҳûа취ģ˭֪ڸ˶ͷ
޶ĵʱͻȻԶͭ
ǸŮһһ
ԭͭͨĲͬȻͬͭȴһɱ֮⻹һɭգͭ಻ͣɢ
Ůһ龰֪ãӴЬֻڴϵıһѾͳš
ſڣһֻͣһӡ
ӱϷŹ⻪ʮֵĻ⻪֮һɹɺ˿ʮֵĲ
ŮӾ֪ͷˡ
ʲôˣΪʲôµ鷳
ڽе⻰ЩЦŮӺò£йǰթңڷǵһҡ
Ů֮Ĭ˰죬Ȼеһ򸣡
ˡСŮһʱ³çĵҶ˵ķϣĹһء
˵ĵ򵥣ƽܴ֣֮ѵһ仰˽𣿡
Ů֮üëȻ˵ǲ֪˼ʲô
㿴ŵŮӣղһٶ֪ŮӼֽ˵ķͣŷʮֵĺãԼŷǿǸԼ˺ܴĸ
ĵǸ罫ķһݸҡ
Ů֮󣬺ǺǺǵЦʿͦģѵΪõס𣿡
ڽûκεĻشֻһĽӣǽ̾ͷɳԩ
Щԩһŵĺ֣һͲǺġ
ֻĻµŮҲûʲôµģֻҪԼֽˣܹܵеסЩԩ
õµŮľЩԩϺ֣ʵȴһŵĹסǵ
ʹķЩԩѾˡ


084 
ԷӵĹ֣ŮǱɫæһʩһ򸣣Ȼ˵֣Ҫķ飬СŮ˫ַϣֻСŮӹ˳ķϣһҡ
ڽһ֣ǱѾӵܵĹǣֹ̾ͣǰΧ䷿Ӳͣش
ãֻҪҵⷨ飬Ϊǡ
Ůĵ˵ͷȻٴһ
ˣͻΪ׼飬Ժ󡣡
ͷû˵ʲô
ǸŮӼûжվתݡ
ŮӸոһݣͶǶ๫˵๫һͣǵֵסҪʩ뿪Ͻʰ
๫æǰץסŮӵ֣СʲôΣհɣΣͰ鶼ƵҵϣҺôҲи˽Ϊ
Ů๫ȻԼСϲɵ÷һΡ
๫Сʶڸƶûж»¡
ĸ˹ϵͶ˰̣СʷǷ̽УΪ׽ӡ
๫Ϣ֮󣬲Զ˰УΪܹС
С̾๫ĳ飬Ծͬ๫һ˽շתƯسǣΪӽԺܹƽû뵽Լһʱ̰˴
С֣Ķ๫Ȼ˵๫صġҰʦʱʦһȻܹ
˵֮СԿʼʰ
ǸոհãϵҲûʲôصģֻǰһЩɢӣԼСƽʱֽˣʰһȻ׼˼·ȻǷ߳˷š
ڰеĽмǷ˳ȻЦЦڰʵ׼ôˣ
Сٴθ򸣣Ȼӻȡһװ顣
ƽѧķˣӺá
С˵֮󣬾Ͱһס
һɵУߵҳ㿪ʼɢžʹ
û㿴ʲôǶͳһת۵Ĺͱ
±ߵСеһֻһָ
ָʾһˣСͶ๫Ϳʼ
Χŵĸֹ֣һ壬̾ͱ䣬ЩϾͻΪ˺̣뵽˽С
ڽ￴ǸСŮӲģҪһ
Ҳ˵ʲôˣæȡ˻еľ⣬Ȼ֡
ֻ磬ʼӸ㼯͵
ˣһֶֻԶСѹ˹ȥ
ĶһС¡
ǸСû뵽㻹һС
Ҫ֪Щʩ֮ˣµľϵ
Ҳ˲ˣεľʦ͵ֵֽܹסĽ
СһΧܵ͵һܣʼһЩȥ
еһ𣬾ȻͣһͣЩ磬㿪ʼڿɢ
ڽм龰ҲľѣԴ֮󣬽ħͷһμʩչܹܴ׷
һǾȻ磬ϢҲʼһЩӦǲˡ
龰֪Ӧٽˡ
ٴζ÷ͨеľ⣬֣Ȼһһ¡
СҲţٴιͨһνһϵȥ
龰ҲӲˣȻҺҾͺһģҵҪľֵʱ䳤ҵľⷨǿ
עȫеǰľϣľⲻͣķų磬ڰк
ʱڵµС۾зųһ˿թĹâֻͻȻһֻһָ
ʱһֱƮŵģǲܿƵһ͵һܣֱĽӶȥ
ʱעеһϣȻľȻûκεķ
ǾգۼĽǰֻǰצһץȥ
ѾӦˣľͿžǰצץ˽ϡ
Ҳ֪ʲôɣȻʮֵļ̣ǾȻץס˽ӣȴ˺ӷֺ
ڽе־ϲǣӵķʵ̫ǿˣһԼпÿӣԼƲǸŮ
ϲǴӽԺӾԼˣд˷ԼԺİȫӡ
ЩͷֻһգۼͻԺҲӦϵ͵һȫеӸץŽӵľһҲֻǷ˶ԽӵĹ»ص˰ա
ʱСʩչ䣬ֻϵ͵ķų˺⣬ȻһĽײ
ԷͣҲϴ͵һĽӣǽ̾ͳһžƮ˽⣬ͳõؾ֮·ϡ
գۼײϣֻǺֻǵһЩƱ
ȴԶ
Ҳ˺ݣֻѱľ˳ֱӾ׵˽⣬ľڽ⻯һ磬ֱŮӶȥ
СڿϾ˱ľһء
СһҽУԱ߶๫ĻС
еʧȥСָ֮ҲԭȵˣֻǰձһСͶ๫Ͽգͣǻסˡ
ڰеһȻָһľ뿪С壬С
ڽ±ߵС˵ô㲻ĻҾɱЩٸҲ֡
СҧűΡΡĴӻȡһȻһߡ
һ֪ⶫҪķˡ
һǽĹŮͣ̾ʹ£ǽǰ
ӣˡ˵žͰеĽݸ㡣
ӹһֻϼŶһЩӬͷС֣ϱܹֱǣΪҹɱնΪسɺӣ
СʩչļֽΪˣɱı֡
ǱΪҹͻسɺӣֻһЩĽɺҹҲĻӡ
㽫ڻУȻС˵Ȼ㽻˷飬ƶҲԼ
˵֮һĽӣԩһӿ˹ڵ˽֮С
ӾڹŮ͵ǣ£ת˸ͷֱľȥ


085 ׷ɱ
СͶ๫뿪ˣ˫˫һ
ղŵգʱСѾԵĸоɱŷ˼ԦܵĴ㣬ϵؽ齻˳
๫Сĵ˵ӣôˣȽһ̣ھȥҴ򡣡
СһַؿڣѵЦһЦȻ˵Щˣа취
˵֮ӻгһɫСȻʾⶡ๫򿪡
๫˰ʾϽǰСֻǼŻɫķ
Сѵ̧֣һţȻԶ๫˵׼һˮ͵Ҳ
๫֪ԼڻǲҪҶĺãǰСſǽߣȻŻ׼
ܿ죬͵ƣһ
ӣˡ
Сǽʾⶡ๫ǰȻһŷ䣬ֱӾ͵ϵš
Ȼŷ仹ûȫϨֱӾͷԱߵˮ
ˮУϾƮ˵ĺڰдһصˮС
ʱСӹˮ룬߻ŷˮһ
ոհˮ꣬;һȻֱӾʹӵӿ˿ڴ
Ѿľص˿ڱһȻʼ˹âȻɿϡ
Ҳ߰˸ԭȱص˿ھȻȫĸԭǴûܹһ
ʱСɫЩ԰֮⣬Ѿûʲôˡ
С˿֮๫Ĳվ
ӣô죿컹𣿡
ߣǻؽȥ
๫Сô˵ɫͲÿǺòײӳΪޣڻȥͶ
Ǹɲһ˵ģ֪ԼƻСӳУһŹԼġ
СҲ˶๫ĵģץŶ๫˵๫صģһЩʦͽ֮飬˵зĸһ飬ʱ౻һ٣ǽӦÿ֮ʣΪǡ
๫ȴţЩŭΪʲôһҪǸطӵĵط𣿡
С̾һȻ˵ҲȥҶֽǽһʩǱ߽֪ʲôط׽ǣԼȥҲܹ
๫Ĭ˰죬ȻĽСڻС
ӣģҹģȼ˽һҳе
๫˵ʲôͶϣҪһҪһ
˵ʱ˺Ļ࿴˿Ȼһӵһ
ֻСһЩ£ûжԶ๫˵
һǸʿؼܹģŻصУƾ֮ɱ㣬ҲǳԼͷ֮
˵һض飬»صԺУǸӡ
ѾҲƵıܹ
ܵÿ켱æǰסȻ˵Ҳǻʲôżģˤ˿ôá
ѾĻУѾߵͨ졣
ſѾǣ֣˷䡣
ѾƽץסǸûУ
С£ֵ
أ
°£ڵĺӣȻֳһ˵ӡ
ǰҵһСޣҿǺܿԾͷһ
˵ŶѾԸˣȥ˯ɡɫҲˡ
ѾĻ뿪Լķȥˡ
Ѿ뿪ˣҲ˿ԼϢȥˡ
һڴϣܾЩ˯ţֻııĵҪؿһ
Լ̾Ͳ˲ԣԴгûзκεĲʡ
һһԼʲôû뵽ԪʾӦϡ
һӾʹӴʱԼ顣
˼ǰֻн촦С£ЩĲס
Լǿ˵ؼСҲ֮ˣһŪûȥѰĳԼ
뵽ԽԽеЩסˡ
㷭˴´ϵۣϱƿţѾķ俴һۡ
ڼѾоĵģûκε
ͷȻĵǽһǽ
º׼ֱСסǸԺС
Ժֻ澲ĵģûκ
ֻýżһǽǣԺӡ
䵽ԺУСŲСǵǼ˯£Ȼ߲
һ͸оˡ
ԭڷоȻѻȸӦеĺҲȫûϢ
㲻ٹ˼ˣֱſڣһơǷžȻ͵ƿˡ
Ȼ׼ͱһ¡
ȻסԼ壬ݣȻ¹һͷֻĴѾһţûϢ
㿴ﻹףԷѾǰˣʱĴæӣⲻȥȱˡ
ڿЩ׷Īˣ֪ղԼͲӦĴ
㻹ûȫɥʧģһڶѾеǸӤ̾иӦȻһ̹⣬գۼԡ
Ӥһļϣͷ
Ӥ壬Ȼ˵˵ζ㻹ǵðɣȥˡ
˵ִ֮ӻͳֽӣһ
գۼһСξǰСԱߵǸ̾ͽҿϽΡ
ڽУǸӤȻ˽Ӷϣ޵һһָ
ʾ⣬һĽӣָ̧Ǹоͱʵ
ӣ͵ĴڿУһǸ׷ȥ
׷һʱǿǰһɿرۡ
ԶԶһ˳ⲻǸղűԼ˵
̴ݶӼӿٶȣܿ׷˸β
ȫԿڽˣСǸ๫
ʱƽСҲ׷Ľӣɫ̾ͱѿ
˵ʲôҲûˣСӻȡһֽһס
ֽͳֱܿһȻڿдһֱýӡ
ڶⶫѾֲˣֻһĽӣ̾һŵĺ̷ɳȻЩڰл˸ֹһǽȥ
Ϊ֪ҲҴ⣬һĽӣ̴ӿһŵĺܿľеӹȥ
ʵ磬ͰѷԲɵľȫȾڡ
ǰеĽһ֮УٶϵĽҲʼĥ
ЩеĹ֮ȴˮǺܿͷɵ˽ܣʼڽϿҧ
еĽʮʹʼڰзҪϵЩȫĴ򷭣ʲôûаá


086 ʱ
龰ܹŹû᣿
ȡľĬľϾͷųĹ򣬽֡
̧֣ǽĵطѹ˹ȥ
žһˮͰֵ磬˽ϡ
֮бѾٲά裬СڿҧѾԹ˲Ͼ͵ֵĹ
ôڽͷϣֻһźǽȻȼ
ǳǿȻܴشϻСڽȻҡͷβҪ߳
ڽϣѾϢٵĽǼֲס˼ΣžʧС
ʱӴܵСѾӦųֽѾǸӵĽͣ½ͷӿٶȡ
Ѿ˼ޣСôߴٶ޷һ˿һٶȡ
˵·Ľ֮󣬴߶Ӻܿһ׷С
һҲ׼ˣֻ̧һͷ˳ȥֱӴСĶ๫ϡ
Ƕ๫已̥֧ŵסĽжûнгͱ˺̿Ȼӽ£֪ȥˡ
ǰߵСһ๫ɺ̿½һҵļС
ҲˣһĽԴǽһתͷ͵ľǽҧȥ
ӣϱȴֳһǣȻĽӻסǽȻͣĿҧȴҲܶŽӷֺ
ڽһЦȻٴξѹȥžһٴηųֱСȥ
СУȫڲͲںķ˱˸š
ΪСضɥСϴ·ʱų˻⣬Ȼ⡣
㿴Ŵ󾪣Ϊʲôһ
ԭСϵ·ڷų⵲ס֮̾Ǿͱһֽ
һҲΪżֽ˵ķеľⶫȻǧ򻯣ԺԼҲдá
ʱСȴӦԼǱ޳ͷԣٲӲ²ܱ𣬾ԼҲҪ
תһȦͻȻʹӻȡһľżȻһԼ˹ȥ
һСֻʹʣͬʱϵѪҲʼ˥ܣСҧմȾͷѪľżϡ
СȻСԵĿռͿʼŤԼ塣
ȵռٴλָʱСȻľżľ֮ϣղŲûзκε顣
ʱСȴɫʮֵӲֻС̧֣еľżһס
ô̾ͻһ⣬ʧˡ
ڽ֮УСһһ
ΪСֻǷųȵϢϽ֣ʡöԷԮˣ鷳
һ⣬ͽעľ֮ϣôٴзų˶ĲƣЩƵķΧ֮ھۼ硣
һָһԼϵСȥˡ
һСӦûüͱĵΧܾҫ۵Ĺâ𣬵ȵһƽ֮Ѿû˽ԼСӰѾ˻ҽ
СѾɱӦǸ˵ģȴһû˷ܵӡ
ΪȻͷ֣ԪеľʾȻûһͣϢ
벻׵ôˣԼѾˣСϢᴫȥôΣյʲôط
ͻȻһСղ׳Ǹ
һ뷨Ҳ˲Ԧֽ棬ʼĴѰңֻ˴ʱҲûзκ
ոһ£ȻҲСǲȥһǸʬ壬º󻼡
ĴһңϾ͸оһŨŨıԼֶ
ԭǱɽ̿ҲǲӰиڰ
ʵûа취ֻ̾һԼլӶȥ
֮ѾǱ߿ſȻһƬڣѾ˯úܺãŷģȻ»صԼķ䡣
֮һ룬Ȼԭӵĸ澯Ȼûֹͣô˵ΣջûйȥȻǾ͵һЩ
ȻԼֵµЩͷҪӦΣգЩȷ
Ҫ˵ķȻش׷ⷨʱ䲻ȻܷųҲǽľܡ
뿪ľ⣬ֻܷһ˿˿⣬϶
һȻڹ˵ȻĿǣǶͨĵʿȴûжܡ
ǽͷ߼ȷ˵ûжԷëⷨǰ衣
ֻԺУʱһɷܹסԷȻǺãסҲϣܹӶԷһʱ䣬ŶѾߡ
㻹Щģһ£óִʱʦ͵öơ
ǽش׷ǹʱʦͣʩչ׷ƾ֤
ⶫͺѾͥϹ˺ţʹ׷ÿһζᱻͥӡ
һֱûһֱһ裬һԼЩʧˡ
Ǵηʱıʦ棬ͬʱһԱ񽫣Ϊ档
Ȼ֪٣ԼļݵĻһͭӡܣҲӦòǼٵġ
̾˿ֻĥǹˡ
ڵڶһլʰһշƹ
ߵףȻ̨ǰʼ룬񽫴Ų̳ǰ
Ҳ֪Լûôģ
ڤһʱ֮оʮĿͶ̳ǰ
ڤʱԽԽЩ콫Ҳòʼ
Ҫǣ㲢֪Щ콫ʲôĹУЩ콫òȻ𽥵һֻεĴڲһС
һǼʱֱѾ緹ŴӶ
һѹ;ò˼飬ղǶιֻʱţϣһϾͽ˶Ǹ콫òҲԽԽ
ȥҲʮĹȫĽЩӹʱͿԼ̳ǰ
֤֮ǷһЩֻҪǸԼһʱ䣬ԷǿԮҾͲܴù콫
뷨֮ǿһЩվһ·ŻƵȥ
һžͿѾǣǰĸС˺׷
ѾѾͷڳ˶ԷȽϸȤ֮⣬ǹҵľǳԷˡ
ҲΪѾСʱȽϼѣټһʱ䱻ų⣬˲ٿࡣ
ڶѾ棬˵һ䣬Է
ȻԵļһӲˣԼǰС
ĶѾ˶꿪ʼ
һ߳ԶѾѯʣԺסﻹסڵ
һ£ȻʶѾϲסլӣϲסڵУ
Ȼǵˡ


087 
˶ѾĻشЩ죬ΪЩСȻϲסķ䣬ʮźû뵽ѾȻشϲסۡ
Ϊʲô
֪ΪʲôֻǾڵסġ
ҲЩĪ뷨ȫĲܹ⡣
ѾᶾҲ뵽ᵱʿ
Ȼ㲻Ѿ飬Ҳó޸ҲǺõġ
Ϊڵʩкܴļӳ֣ʦǰλʦҲᱣԼһ
ãȻǾڸҿؽһۡ
ǵǮѽ
ģҵҲиӣСۻûġ
Ѿ֮˷ܣǰʮ
ȻӦ˶ѾȻ׼жغ޽۵ȫǲС
ֻǽϸˣسϵõ͵ģֻԿˡ
ʱ򣬾ʹۣ뿪լӣسǵϱ߶ȥ
Ҫ˵سϱƽס˵ʵӣΰʮֵҡ
ֻڳû೤ʱ䣬ͱüС͵ˡ
ҲЩС͵γֶĶЩ͵һ֪ǰʿЩ£˱Ϣ˼
ͣͣһǲĺԺǰͣ
СԺʮֵ֡
ʱԺóһСƦʶԿһܹɡ
Сӣ
ǸСӵĵƦ˽֣ҿ˿Ȼһ۾ͿոµĵۣǸϽƨƨߵܹһǩȻĵ˵Сĸ밲ˡ
ɣϴڲڣ
صүĻϴС
ţȥ
գ롣
СӼæǰߴ·쵽СԺ֮УȻһΪķͣס֮󣬶ߺүˡ
Сӵһ̴һŲһԿձǰ
ôй
Ǻǣ²һҪϴ󡣡
ʲôвУϾܷԸ
˵ԿվͽӭС
һͼ֮ⷿУɲǺϴĵطֻڿǽȻһķŵĶǸֵ鼮
ǰһϱĶ˱
Կ˳۹ԼһɨȻʧЦЦˣֻǸӹš
ҿɲǸӹô򵥡
˵ͰЩ˲ģȻ˵س֮УܿöЩ˱˿ɲడ
˵仰ҲڹŴʶֵ˱Ͳ࣬˵ͨˣϲҲǴֲʶһ
ܵһ˷ҲǷǳһĽĹ
ȡЦˡ
˵仰֮Կվͽõ֮ϣֻ㡣
ԿյĿҲûƴǣֱӾС
֪һСطʲôԸ
ģҲ뿪Ǹ͵լסұϾǸʿ׼ҵطסţܾûլӸ޸ۣس֮ûˣֻϴæˡ
ԿûоһϲΪӹеľ̶дˮġ
ԿҴִţǴԵ¶һ¶Ҳһʱˡ
ԿնǴҪۣȻ岻ݴǣ¾ͽˡǲ֪ܳǮ
ЦһȻ˵ƶЩֻóİ
ԿһһĴȣ˹ˣЩӣұ֤һĵۡ
Կ㣬ǲ֪֮Ҫλɣ
ȻҪʦ
Կûһ㶣֪λʲô·ˡҹªţȻš
һԿյı飬ԼҲЩ㶣һֱΪʦҲʱɣǿԿӾȻ֪
㲢ûϸĺԿսֻͣ˵ʦɿɽ棡
ʵô˵Ҳûеڵ̵Ĵ˵֮УʦǵԴͷ
Ҳʦ¡
Կղ֪ʦ˵һˣʦĻȡȥ񡣡
ãһжķԸ
ԿһЩֱ֮飬뿪ˡ
֮ôҴҵִҴҵߣҲΪڿæء
콫ոйɣҪ콫ٵ̳ǰҪһˮĥĹ
˵æļ콫Լ޵ۡ
˵һС׳ľżڴ֮ƮƮ˵ϡ
һŵأľżڵһȵʱѾһˡ
ϸһⲻСĸ
ԭСֻ֪㣬Ӳƴʩչʦ͸ıС
ȻȻһľżʱСΣıȴ͵͵˵ϣӳ׷ɱ
СڵϣֳΣ۾Ǻĵ⣬֪ڡ
СҵֻżһأһӾʹܳȥԶ
СӻͳһȻһס
ڸգһѸĵȫ֡
ȹһɢСѾǲӰ
ֹһ£ڸѰһûʲô֮뿪ˡ
ֱʱСڲݴֳΡ
ʱСҲƲסеıߣʼͣĳ
붡๫СʶͶϣǶ๫Ҳ壬ΪѰȻϧͶС
ӳ̣Ϊܹͷϣû뵽˶ⶣȻǻȪ
СſڲݴпһҧҧһĨˮվ뿪ķݺݵĵһۣѾһػصУʲôĥѣҲҪý֣Ϊ๫ѩޡ
뵽С־ڲݴаһѲݣȻѩ׵ָͣطûһĹ򣬾һֻС
СŲдʣȻл˼
һº˾񣬾ȻʼСҡͷβҪƿء
СˣϾͰ˵ϣ֮ӭ䳤ûмµĹ򣬾Ѿһƥ߽ɵĿ
СȻһĲӣҲ֪С˼Զȥ
ٶܵ÷ɿ죬ûκεƣļ󣬰ɽˮƽأֻһһҹܳǧľ롣
һ֮СѾ˺Ϻӱɽڡ
ɽҰǰ̵̳ڡ
СһҰڣ㱻̵Ľͽ֣ЩҲ֪СֶΣԲСϢȴѾ̳
̽壬ڽӵСϢ֮һ㶣ӡУСȻȴʮֵľǿȻնˣ;ģǷʲô£ȻͶ


088 
һ룬ͽʲô¶ȻصԼĵ̣Ͳѡ
Եһ˵˳ʦֵܣȥСӭ
ǸĻЩĥʦʲô˼ȥץСɣҲûҪ˵ӭɣһ滹ǲҪжĺá
˳Ӧһ㹪˳˴žʹżʦֵնΪҴҵ뿪ׯ԰ֱСķȥ
һʱͻȻڴ·ϿһۣͷñŰŮӡ
˳ŮӷǳϤⲻʦСĸ
СҲѾ˶ƥΪ׵ʦ˳
СϽסƥ·ԡ
˳ֽ˼Сǰ϶±ߵСʵʦãղɻã
Сʦֵʺ򣬳Ĭ˰ΣȻϾ϶˵δˣʦ֡
˳СӣټûкһͬߵǸն֪նѾˡ
˳ŷСǰ˵ʦѾ֪ˣǰӭ㡣
Сʮֵĸжͷظп˵ڽʱ֪ʦ飬뿪ʱ֪ϻʦҡ
˵ʱС棬Ҳ֪ڱ˶๫ȥڸ̾ʦĶ顣
˳ҲǵͷȻп˵֪ʦĿģҲʦһȥʦɡ
˳˵֮󣬾һŮǰȥСȻһܿʧ˴·ϡ
ȵ»ص˰̾ׯ԰ʱѾɽ˺ˡ
Сһƾ֪ãǰ̾شʽʱŻټôǰʦ뵱ڽͽ洦Լ
ˣΪ˸๫ԼǧҲҪš
Сѩףʦ˳˴
С˴͵͵Ϲƣֻϱһģˡ
˳һ˵òã粻ѡ
СϾϳʦ̽塣
ҵոս˫ϥ򵹣ȻϥΪǰĽ£ȻһͷأԵĿͷ
߸ߵϱߣԼ谮ͽܣǱҪ˵Ǽٻ
ڶĽͽ֮ѡСΪӣĽ˵СԼŮ
û뵽ӾȻΪһӣ˽ںʦԶ߸߷ɡ
뵽ЩݣռϷ磬һԵ˳˵ʦá
˳ʦĻϽǰȥС
СվֻȦѾͨ죬ֳĽ֮飬ǱС¼һ
С̬Ȼ⣬󶯸ɸ꣬ټڣɲΪСһͿˡˡ
С㲻ǸΪʲôѵ½̹洦
СһʦʻһιڵأȻ˵ʦ๫ѾɱҲЩɥҿʦ͵ѡ
⻰оһСͣǷǳ˽ġ
ЩͽܵСȻŴʦ֣Ҫ۱£ǰλġ
ı¾Ȼסһʿ׷ɱ๫Ҳڰ·ɼһǿˡ
ǵʿʲôˣȻܹס㣿
ʦҲ֪ǵʿֻ֪سǻұթЩӣû뵽ʿЩ£ҵķȥ˽ʦ͵ؼ
־һģе뷨ǣǸʿǱٴɱСҲԾȡ㲻öҵؼ
СǱ飬ڰҲǶ⣬һʶˣͿƾⱾ̵ܣпܲƽ֮ʱͻǰһС
±ߵСʦüͷ֪ţٽ˵ʦǸʿʮֿǰ̣ΪǶЩвڡ
Ҫ˵ԴѧɱΪеľǱ˵һС⻰Ѿ۾Щˡ
øʿȻȻҪһӦ
˵仰ֶ֮Ź±ߵС˵һףʱǻﲻġ
žͶ±ߵС˽ӳ̣ǰйڽУʱ粻ͷԷڣѽ
ڡһٻ±߾վĸۣͷͷƽʿ
Сߣ֮࣬
ЩʿĻһӦǰСĨͷ£˸ʵʵ
ʱСѾ̱ڵأΪһػʦȻɱͷֻʮҲˣû뵽Ὣߡ
νߣʵһߵĶѨ
ߵ߿ɲͨĶ֮࣬ǾѱѾԵߡ
Щϲ޵֮˵Ѫһ޵ߣһᱻЩȺ֮
⻹СЩ£һЩߵķҪ֮д죬Ҳⲻˡ
Сȥ֮ǲɢ˽ڣȻվׯ԰һСɽȥ
ȵɽһɽǰվɽͲǰˣǹعֶ˵壬ĸ
˵֮󣬱վﲻٿ
ֹ˰ĹǴһ󽿵εεŮɡ
ߵŸС̤ɽ
սɽʱܻǱȽϻ谵ģԽߣߵĻѵԽ࣬ȵһʯǰѾǵƻͨ
ֻʯǰվŮӣһ壬һ򸣣Ȼ˵ʦ֣ĸڴ˵Ⱥʦ֡
лλʦˡ
⼸˿һȻŮӾʯ
ȵʯУ͵͵мһֻһʯʵ̨ϱϥһλʮ꣬ķòׯ޲ɷŮӡ
岻ҵæǰһŮӵǰȻ˵壬ߵĸ
ԭ۾Ů˫ۣ˿壬Ȼʵ㲻ǰֽʲô¶
ĸѽ̵ĵСˡ
ŮһС֣̾һ񣬲ϾƽͺãͺãҲĽ
ǣҲôģΪСҪһЩͷĻڲķ
ӷ˴ҲҪôôģ׼ô
ӽߣ֮ࡣ
ϱߵķĸ壬⻰һЦ
Ƿڽ
ĸòף̸ġ
ˣһЩۣӦòԭôˣһһ⣬ԺһᷨҲᰲڽ


089 ʥ
ĸСһ˽٣ҿСУܰڽ֪ĸа취
Ƿĸ֮΢΢һЦȻ˵һ֮оϾС
忴ĸѾԼС˼ҲεЦЦ
ĸнǧľ룬нԶ룬һʱκβʿ
Ƿĸ֮˼ΣȻ˵ΪСҲֻһء
˵仰֮ĸԱߵһŮʾһ£ȡҹ𡮹ʥ۾
Ůӵת˳ɽһһź첼̽ˡ
ĸʥ۾Ѿ뵽
Ƿĸ˫ֽӹ̣ȻԼԡ
Ҷ깩Ĺʥ۾ȥ֮󼯽ڣгʽʱȻ
ĸ˵֮󣬾ͽź첼Ĺʥ۾˫ݵǰ
ڵأ˫֣Ľʥ۾ڰա
ǲĸ˹ʥ۾һ˵˱ȥ֮ԼӣǲҪΪ
ԭĸȻһֱɽҲһЩõˣеɽЩСɹƭ
˷ĸĻϹĴӦȥ٣ȴΪȻ
ĸҲ˼εذڰ֣¡
屧Źʥ۾˳ʯ֮󳤳һ
ȻÿһĸǷĸǺɫǾһεѹѹ
صǰߵɽׯ֮̾ͷټĽͽ֮󣬾¡صĳʽڳݹʥ۾
Ҫ˵ʥ۾ԭȲǰ̳ݵo
ֻʥ۾̫ռݹʥ۾ʤ
߾õĵ࣬գŪīѧӡǹŪĲçʿе˵ˡ԰ݳеϷ棬Զܳɮãиҵûвݹʥ۾ġ
Ϊ͵̹ʥ۾̳Ϊʥˣ̳Ϊ٤ŷ𣬵̳Ϊʥ۾ϵۡ
̣ΪڣҲòǵoм˹ʥ۾
һܿʹ磬Щ̵ͽһ˵Ҫʥ۾ʢ䣬һӵ
֮һ糿ׯ԰ĴŴ򿪣Ȼ̵ķʦԣάЩ̵ͽŻ롣
Щ˾ۼһĹ㳡ϣȻһڵأ֮ǿСĹʥ۾Ĥݡ
ֱʱڳ˽ڵǰ
żŵĵӣоиոմ߳С
ڵСİ̵һͷϹŻƽϴŰۡ
ҲΪո˳ͷϲѪɫ˶˼ȦֻʣƤͷ
ľȴǳܣ۷ųϲõĹâѾ֪һξʽ顣
˽ʥ۾뵽˹㳡ϣȻ㰴ʽʼʥ۾Ĥݡ
Ķ˵ͽһʼʥ۾ߵݡ
ڼ䣬ڤڤ֮һɹǿ֮ʼ㼯ڹʥ۾񸽽
֮Ļۣǹʥ۾Եøӵʥ
ʱɽɽеǷĸɽ֮ϥдʡ
˺һͻȻ֮䡣ֻǷĸüͷһ壬žһδз˳
ӰƮƮһӰ
Ӱĸһģһֻܿ˿Ȼŷĸһ
ѣƶˡ
һ壬αضǫ
Ȼˣұȥˡ
ǸķĸٴһƮȥ
ʱɽ̫֮ңǸӰһķĸԴ˲ģһӾ֮С
ͨ˿ĸУȴ̫ϡ
һĹ֣̫һգ̾ͻữΪҽ
ΪĸѾ̫һΧͣյ̫𣬸Ͳһ¡
ֻƮɽӺŽׯ԰Ȼ˹㳡֮ϡ
ʱֵĳʽ˸߳±߹ŵЩͽһĳݣһɹɵ֮ͣӿ
Ƿĸ¶Цݣֻסдʣĸһŷ档ע壬˷ţһ羰ˡӵǶ١ݼħȺ
ĸ֮ǹʥ۾һˣͺˮһ뵽˹ʥ۾ϡ
ʱڹʥ۾ܻŵ֮鳲һһӾʥ۾ӿž˹ʥ۾֮ڡ
֮ǹʥ۾ͻȻų˽⣬ֱյ㳡˽ɫ
Щ±߳ݵͽҲǱƽǣһԵʥޱȡ
µЩͽһЩˡ
ʥ۾ˡ
ʥ۾꣬꣡
ʥ۾һƽ
Щ֮ӿǹʥ۾С
ʱʥ۾Ҳ˱仯
ֻǹʥ۾ϿգͻȻðһƣں֮˶Ľ⣬ǽֳһʥ۾
ֻڳϣµһƣڰա
һʥ۾ڰֻͣһ£Ȼ׼ֱȥ
ʱڸʲôأ
Щ˺Կ޽۵飬ڼУܴ׷ϣڵϮ֮ǰ׷ţٻ콫ڱҪʱԼ֧Ԯ
ԸΥȻڹ֮Щ콫òԽԽȴûһֳܹΡ
֪Ҫڶʱ֮ٻ콫Լ˵Уǲܵ顣
Ȼˣֻ취ˡ
ֻԼһˣҪʱֱӾʹִˣԷı£ҲܿԽռ׷ɱ
ԻһѾء
˼ȥӦʱѶѾ͵ĵطܣԼլӦС
ˣһϸոճ׼ˣĶѾеԼԡ
Ѿ⼸ЩȫҰ͵Կ㼸졣
س֮ΨһѣֻԿˣԿ˻ǱȽϽӦòΪѶѾ
Ѿ֮һ㶣Ȼ۾ͱúžˮ˳
㲻Ҫ𣿡
˵ʲôأѾôɰôܲҪѽ
ΪʲôҪߣ
˵ﲻȫȥܶܣȹʱܻ
ѾĽͣЩŰɡ
Ͻٽ治ƭ㣬ҲĹɣҰѷӵĵѺûⶫҿûطסˣ˰ɣ
˵֮Ͱ׼õĵӻȡ˳˶ѾС


090 е
ѾԥԥĽӹݹĵ˼¿˿ⲻ͸լӵпɽʮĶصĵ
Щ˵ȫĲƲˣǸԸǾܷЩġ
ѾĽЩԼĻУȻ˵ЩҾʱ㱣ˣʡˣԺԷıǮ
ѾΪЦУǰһ
ڵڶ죬ǳԹ緹Ѿ׼ԼĶѾ뿪լӣֱسϵԿյĵ̡
Ѿһ飬ټԿҲֵµЩ˽ոϵʱ򣬾ͱЩСǷ֣Щ֪ϴĺѣһڵĸ·
СԺӵʱԿѾſڵˣһϸϽǰʩ
ˡ
㼱æ
֮ЯŽլӿ֮Уֱ
ȵ֮Ź˵ƶһǰ󡣡
ֻܿԣ˵ʲô֡
мĵ˵ͷȻ˵⼸Щ顣ѾЩ㣬öѾס죬֪ɷ񣿡
ԿҲǸ˾һ⻰ʲô˼ԱߵĶѾһۣѾȻŸСлǸӤ̳ĶǲԸ
յԱߣСʵ費Ҫ֣Ҳܴճʮ
мĿһۣȻҡҡͷ˵鷳ƶһ˻ܹӦֻϣ͵ܹҲڵʱչ˶Ѿ
Ȼңô¾ͰСܵϣֻҪһһڣ˶Ѿһë
ٴεл֮תŶѾ˵ʵʵ죬һҾ㡣
˵֮ڶѾͷתˡ
ԿմŶѾ⣬ֱӰԿղŶһԵĶѾ˵ѾҲǸ죬һ鷳¶Ϊ룬ͲҪǰȥңʡ÷չ㡣
Ѿɥĵ˵ͷǣԼһҪѧɱ£ܹŵĻÿεˣԼ׸ôУ
˵»صլУΪӦǿУ̾Ϳʼ׼
׼ģִʹùһصɷ
ִʱʱȣټɬֻͨשۣ󷨵޷ȫӡ
һδ֪ĵˣɲ׼ôպˣ˵լҲ١
ǰȥլ׼߼㲻Ȼֱ˷䣬ȻǰĹ㳡ϡ
ΨһźǣڵۻûиĻܹƾʦܣԼ
׼֮⣬㻹Ӻߵؽ֮УǾ߽ʬ˳ʱԼԣѱʱ֮衣
ֻ֮˼ʮʦɷȻʱѾһЩʦɷȻΪ֮һ
֮ڽϵ̣ʮѼ
֮ͰЩһһȫʩ˽
ȻЩԼסĵط߰˰ѣȻͰһȫԼԡ
Щ¼ķ֮⣬㻹ľͿղء
ȵһж׼ĲʱĲŰһЩЩԼУҲϸһʱ̣Լйߡ
һϣǰյصһҡϣĿ
оãǰ죬ϮĿԺ٣ԶԷֶӦûϮڻʮַɵġ
ǾɵʱͻȻƮһƣһӾլӵϿա
ں֮Уֳ˹ʥ۾ò
һ龰ŵľһ£ҡϹ
Ҫ˵ʥ۾ִλ滹ĹŴλ棬ʮֳݵģٵʿҲǾǰȥݡ
ڼ˹ʥ۾ݣ㲻ľǲء
ʱǳеĳͻȻɳһ⣬ȻĽʥ۾լȫ
ųͺʢȻһү֮УԶĹʥ۾ϸƣǲɵ¶һ˿Ц
λүΪǹʥ۾һ˿飬Ȼų⣬լӺ͹ʥ۾ռԷǾųеİա
ڹʥ۾λүǰȥʥ۾
֮÷һеˣȻϺ͹ʥ۾һȴһ֮ǹʥ۾ա
ǳүϾ֪ʥ۾һǣ˲ƲƲ죬»ص˳ٸԤ
ǳү֪ʥ۾Ǽٵģȴ֪ѽΪǰǹʥ۾飬ڹ˵أϹ֣Сϣ꼣ʥ۾
Ǹعڰ֮ܿ˿Ѿ֣ܵĿռѾ뿪
ǳеĳʩֶΣԷѾԼΡ
عɲУֻҪǸԼңôԼҲԤڵ顣
ϵĹع¿㣬ڵ棬ŭ档
Ϊʲôɱ޹ŭǰ㡣
֮һͷԣԼʲôʱɱ޹ˣǸϽı粵
صۣСѧħǲɱ޹صү
Ĳɱ޹Сɷôģ
ص۵ĻЩζصүҲ̫ˣû¸ɣЩ̵顣
뵽;Ρ
ۣеǹصȥ
һͰҲ˺ڰɫֻеǹصۻЩɫ
ǰеĹصʥ񣬿˵ǽ䣬յռ䶼Щ
ɼϵĹص۷жôǿ
޵ĽУȴһɺɫ֮ơ
ϾͿǹصүô֮ӦʲôСð˹صүòǰڲԼ
жֱ֮ӾվָŰеĹصʥ˵߾֣Ҽðصүòѵ¹صүŭ
ϵʥĸѾԼвأҲ׼ٺϻ
ֻϵĹصʥһץͽµץ£Ȼ±ߵһ
һ˳ŵͷɳһ⣬գۼϡ
Ǹ㣬һϾҪ촦ôҲôʱ䣬ҲЩ£ֻæ佫еľڵ
ľ֮ĵһҪ˵ܣڶ౦УǼִı֮⣬ľΪ
һһӴ̾ͻ˷ɻҡ
ľһҲȡʱ䣬ֻڵһϾͶԱߣǽԴ˺ߣڵϻһĺۼ


091 
㵽һ֮Ҳٿˣֱӻȡŷ䣬һס
ŷ̾ͻߵ⣬ԺС
ʱԺУͲµ߸ۣӦŷ䣬һʼųâ
ʱգչϣͻȻڱǱգ̫һԡ
ɷ󣬽ϱǵĹâ£ǹ£ͻȻҫȻ͵͡
ǳүµĽ磬Щ֧ŲסˣǺɫѾһѷ졣
ϵǸصүҲһû뵽һոĵˣȻı¡
ɷȴûиλصүκε˼ĻᣬǹͻȻ͵ظУȻγһɹâɵؽϵλʥ۾ס
ϵĹүڲЩӦҲżֻµ͵Ҫƾµĵ顣
ɷɲô򵥣Ĺصү٣ʹǲ֣ɷûаĿ꣬ǹصүʥ֮Ҳûа취
λĹصүڻһϢƣ˶ɱԲĿˡ
ĵûɷ顣
ȻǲλΪӱγǰҵ洫ʼ̤
±ɷĹâԽԽֱ֮䶼ǱɷĹâ
ǹ仯һƬƬƬʼͣеλصүϮȥ
λүҲǰ׸ģзĸһֻ꣬ͽԸ
ֻǹүڿһӴ󵶣̾͹âʢǷǹ⣬ͺѩƬ˻һϾͻ˶ʧ
龰Ҳ٣֪ԷȻҼðʥ۾ǰôһֲտʼĽͲ˶Էֺ
̤еıһָգϵıǣ̾ͰѸǹȫȻ󻯳ߵ磬¡
ߵǹɲô׶Ըġ
ǱеĹүҲôģɫصضգеµͣĻ衣
ֻԸһ⣬ͣȥ
ϵǹһȻ󷢳Ĺâʱǳү½Ҳ֧Ųסˣֻһǽˡ
Ž飬СԺеĽǹ⣬һӾӵڡ
ʱĳǳүһγϿգԶԶˣЩˣôôʶ̧٣ȻĽ硣
ү߳ŭһ⣬Ժ
ûнӽԺУͷԺɷ֮ӣɱ
ɷ֮óүһ亹
⻹ָ꣬оڰ֮һֻүյĻۡ
үһˣߵһǲǺְɣԺϱҲֻʵˡ
ǳүǰһڰۿ˵Ķ
еλصүϵǹѾԼ̼ӽ˽ֻеµǰ£̾γ⡣
Ⲣû̵ķɳȥͣڰͣһ£Ȼںһ
ں֮⵶ûиҫۣʼռֻγһѩɫĵ
λصүµǰߵɷһָ⵶ǰȥ֮ڿռлһɫѷ졣
Ǳʮ̵ּɷ⵶һ̾ͱ
ɷۻڣûбȫƽ⡣
Ѿ˺ü׵ľ룬˼ͷеıϻ衣
趯ɷۣһηã˼ââͺϵıǷ˺Ӧ
ȻâͿʼһߣҪγһդҪ½λүס
еķĸɲʩֻĽżһڰеĳǰһԾһѳɷ
һ龰;ˣΪǿֶѾסԷˣֻƴӲʵˡ
һҧеı±˱Ȼӻȡľ⣬֮ʼľ⹴һȻܱ㵴˵ĲƣЩһɢĵʼۡ
еķĸʹֶΣţеµһ£аһһҪ촦
ǾµĽǰʱһӰͻȻǰ档
ԭ׼ʩչףۿǶ㲻ĵ⣬һһֱһԵķʬԼǰ
һ½˷ʬϣ彩ӲĽʬҲһӡ
⵶Ҳˣû⽩ʬܵ˺
ǹү齵٣һǽʬѾ촷ˣϵλĹүڻĽ⿴ͣԵԵʣûжԽʬƣֻǷǿԲýʬˡ
һΣоһֻ⽩ʬǣһ¶ԷԼлᷴڿԷԽʬ˺һս⽫ǾܷӸˡ
ŶԷһδʱſֶŰеλүǰȥ
Ķĵ⼯ϣȻ󻯳ˮͰֵ磬ֱӾȥ
еλû뵽㾹Ȼ׷
Ҫ˵ϵЩаħĿǣλĸҵæԸǰų˶ҪסĽ
æ۵Ը޷࿹⣬ֻ߰˶һһƣϡ
߻ϾԹүΪΣҲͽйү
Ȼϣֻƿߵǣ޷˺ꡣ
ֻϵĹүһ˲ͻǹ⣬ɢ
ЩɢȥĽ⣬գۼγ˹ү
һûˣԷһ˾»ָƴҲû취ȡʤ
ȱҪ㼱æʬ
ʬֻǰһܾ߰׵ĸ߶ȣȻֻצֱеǷĸץȥ
еķĸո÷ү³ΣʬĹ
ĸȴ⽩ʬֻһ䣬úͽʬײһ
ֻһǽʬͱ˼ɵľ롣
ᣬһԽǽʬԱߣ֮ľץǽʬĺ󱳡
еķĸһ֪±ߵСҪܡ
ĸˣֻϵĹүһ˲仯һŵĽ⣬͵ľȥ


092 
ۿŽҪǰ
Σʱ̣㷴ӵ侲ӻȡһֱûõĿǷĽͻ˳ȥ
Ҫ˵⿽֮Ĺ֣ȻĿǡ
ǶʵĹ֣˵ʬͲôϬˡ
ǰλĸһ˿Ԫ߰һŨ֮Ļܹ
ڿȻЩܣȴûôˡ
ֻſлһһĹ־ҪܵӰ졣
ڹ֮УŽ֮ҵײ
ǿ̺ĹҪǿһЩǿѹס֮ʴ
ôһƣҲȡܵĻᣬȻͷŵĹ޷ȫѹҲֹͣ½Ķ
򣬶ŽʬĺһģͳСԺȻǰȥѰҶѾ
ոеѾѳ˹һѸݵ
ûеøѾоȵĹƤ
Ҳԥˣһͨʯָ˲ʧλ档
ʧ˲䣬ҲˣգӰһ
֮ĵķĸԸоһιûȡκεЧֻ»صգһŤһα˹ʥ۾ģ
ֻʥ۾ڰķۣӷ⿪ʼس֮лɨ衣
ͻȻ֮䣬ʥ۾ʲô۾ŲԶһС裬һ־ͳ
Сǰµȥ
µĽ⻹ûнӽС裬СϾͷųһź⣬֮аһ顣
һ˰գܵĿռͻȻƾճŨŨ
һ֮У̺֮ϾͱʴȵǰǽɫĵѾޱȣһָӷ˳ɫĵһ㣬ѵ仯˵ķʧܡ
ŷоͳһźɳ֮ڰ˲۳˳ģ
ǷĸɵĹصۣɳǱǵĳ̾סˡ
ĸͳڰжһ
󣬷ĸǾʱãΪ򱳺վʮޣֻأȻǱЩԶoʮǧ
λһ£㻯һ⣬ʧسǡ
ȵĸʧ֮󣬳үĨһѲڵĺˮ̾һϾҪˡ
ȻĻͨͽ˼ĵϵoǾ̵ġ
˵ѾԿԲ֪ô£ܾķɿ죬һֲԤУһֱлơ
ڶѾڴϷȥ˯ŵʱͻȻ֮ŷ𣬽һķžͱֱӵ߷ɡ
һ°ѶѾŵֱӾʹϱͰԵǸ̳ڻУſȥ
ڷ⣬߽һ飬òͨŮӡ
Ůӽ˷䣬һ˶ѾĴǰվﲻˡ
ѾŮӵòһΪŮǳϤǵĵ
ѾַӦѰԼǵǲǷʲôΣˣ
һ뷨֮󣬶ѾҲסæŻе̳ȻС˵ȥôˣ˵
̳ڶѾҡҡǴӦҪ󣬽һ̹ɳʧ˷֮С
ʱ򣬶ѾסСԺѾҳһţΪղǵʱ򣬶̫ѾԺӵ˶ˣΪеϮһ˲ô·űԺС
رԿһѸֵ˶ѾķǰֻѾķѾ߿һѻ
иԼչ˶ѾͷһϾͷ顣
ԿҲ˺ݣһ˲ʹ˶ѾķţͷһѾǰվһߴӰ
ԿջӵӰȥӰվﲢûκεĶԿһϲһҪˡ
ĵվŵһײûзƽϤĸоһ˽һ
վŵӰܵܵľͷһԾֻצֱԿյš
һ¹磬ԿոֵۿžҪشö
ס֡
һȣǺӰֻצͣԿյţֻҪһԿվûˡ
ԿŸֵ˼һϸƣԭʱѾѾվǸӰԣĺġ
ǸӰܵ˶ѾİοֱĵطĴȻվﲻԲ
Ѿû°ɣʲôˣ
û飬ǵĵһֱڵԣղͻȻ
Ѿ˵ʱ۾Ѿˮ
ԿտŶѾӣ֪ʲôȥ̽飬صģһı¾ǵвУҲӵˡ
˵֮Կձĸ£ɿǰȥ̽䡣
ʱлһ̹⣬̹˲䵽˶ѾķС
Ѿ̳ǷأͻȻ̹֣֮һСļͷ
ŶѾʹڤڤиоС޶˵ĵһС
ԭСӤסϿתһȦֻһŨŨϢԼ򶷵ĺۼ
ѰҵϢͻȻʧһ
ѾϢϾһӵʩչͨˡ
ȵոʱԿɳЩҲլ֮УȻд򶷵ĺۼȴûκѪ
ϢѾӵĿ϶ǵȻˡ
ڶѾֻҪţŵˣ鲻صġ
˵ǷĸɵĹصۣɿ뿪سǣûж೤ʱ»صɽҰ
ʱϵ֮ҲĵòˣֻŽֻһе֮ɢڿвˡ
ʧֳ֮һŮӣֻŲŰۣϤ˻Ϊǹ
ֻŮӣֻڰ̳Ͽͣһ£Ȼһ˲ʧ˵ء
ʽ壬Ͼ͸ое̧ͷ˿Ȼʥĸˡ
æǲɢͽȻСҴҵֱɽ
ɽɽǰŮڵȺˡ
ʦ֣ĸոջȥ
ʦˡ
һл־ʹСŮӽɽȻתһȦĸǸ֮С
Ůʱȴǽȥһ߾ʹȥ
ŴСսսĽɽ
Ƕĸ֮ǰȻվһԵȴĸѵʾ


093 ƺ
ĸʯʵϣĿʹ˰۾ɨСһۡ
ղȥأǸʿһΡ
Сһĸ⻰̲סʵǸʿǱˣ
˸ŸĸĻͷ˵ŭˣǺСǳĿݣֻ΢΢һЦȻͲˡ
ǵʿȷʵЩͣʱǱˡ
˷ĸĻüͷĻԼҲһܹסǸʿ
ĸͨһոһ룬Ǳͺ˶Է˼
ǲصģǵʿֻǸոгɣ̤޵;Ҳˡ
ĸ˵ʱʮֵĲмΪʮֵıӡ
弱æʵƾССͣĸŶʱ
СʿȻȴǿǣȻʩչ֪ЩУ˴󷨡
ĸ˵±ߵϾôˣӦǷĸʱĵ̫֮࣬ʩչǿķԲʿˡ
Ȼĸ˵ȥֻһ꣬ҼԦҲֻ֮ұķĻǺܴģѾʩչǿ
±ߵСȻЩвʣɼʹһոĵʿôӵùĸֶΣ
ΪСУʹĸȥֻһ˿ֻ꣬ƾ۵ѾȡοЯӴ֮
СôʣǷĸ¶صı顣
ʿӦǿʦţΣʱӦһرֻ˲뿪ҵǰҾʩչͨҲûڷԲһٶʮڷӰ
ĸ˵±ߵСһۣȻ˵ҿ㻹Ƿ¶ԹǱ޵ĺá
ĸ֮ô˵Ϊýñ
ֻҪСʿϻرǴ򲻹Ҳӵˡ
С֮ɫ÷ǳȻǿЦݣӦ˷ĸ
ĸһжаԵҡͷѾǱУѾסԼ˫ۣʱԼɲС뿪̳ĻһǸʿϣ¾ûˡ
Сӽ쿪ʼҵ뿪˶벽
ĸ˵仰֮Ͼ¶һľϲԾǷĸС
Сȴûκεļı飬ֻһʧһǱȥҲ㣬Ҳļ˳ڿǲˡ
УǷĸĴս˵Ǿ춯أص˶Ѿˡ
飬ٸҲϵģ˰Ȼһ󣬵Ǻܿƽ
ƽ֮ȴһӿԭڵ֪֮¹ش󣬱һ͵˾ǡ
֮󣬾ʹӾ֮뿪˼ӰظǱ
˵ʯָ뿪λ㣬ٴ۾ʱѾصִĵС
һƨɾڵ£ҲˣֻȷͬʱĶһƬˡ
ղŵǳս޵ΪҵһΣѾ֮ǡ
һϵĹүѹʵ̫ˣͷβûκεĻ֮
ܹɵشԽͷѾ˱˵ϡ
㴭һΡΡĴӵȻһһŲԼԷҲ붯ˡ
һֱڵлĹ죬Ŵвл
ָ֮˺óʱ䶼õֻ˿мʮĵ绰Ϣ
󲿷ֶǸĸǸѴģΪϡǣǸʦҲ˵绰
һһزȥǸĸģĸֻƽûҲˡ
Ǹص绰绰ոһͨһ߾һըˣСʱȥĶˣô绰ҲӣҲҲš
˼ӦۣûҵӰ
ȻǲܸԼȥ磬Ǳһɡ
ɽȥȥˣҲ֪ģڻЩôʲô£
ҿɸ㣬Ǹ㣬ǧӦ
һ⻰ٽǸʦĵĸԼ绰֪ʲôԵʡ
ô£ϸ˵˵
ұ˸ˣ˵ڸЩǰȥæ
ʲôʦʲôҪҹȥæҲûʲô
֪ʲôҸ㣬ұæǸ̺Ǳסˣұǰȥ׽ǹϷŪһ٣ֵĺòǱ
ܰɣִôй˵⻰ʱ򣬿ж䡣
ֵҲ֪Ǽ٣ѾǷˡ
֪ˣһСĵġ
Щˣһæȥˡ
͹õ绰Ǳæòɿ
µ绰֮һ룬ִᾹȻйֳֵ֣жˣҪǷһλ棬ƾҲǹһġ
һ£ˣԼԣΪҲһ¡
뷨֮˼ڹŴĹȻжԶͶԶ
ִͣѾִĹƵĲˣܷӳҲһСıˣԼܽŴһ׷ɱԼˣҲˡ
뷨֮ЩȲ
ѾһЩȺ֢ˣܸоԼ߲ȫ
ȲĴͨǱʦĵ绰
ʦҴ˺ü绰ǲ¶
СڸʲôأҲҲ㡣ĿǳĴֱʱù
ʦȥظˣֻڹûд
˵ЩûõģϽһˣҪº
ãϹȥ
һȣȱҵ绰һ½
ʦл˵
µЩһﶼϣá
գʦģ¶
µ绰֮¶Цݣһβܵһ֣ҲܹòǮ
㲢ûϾɽִһ磬ȵڶϵʱʰһ¶ǰǸıƵ뿪˵ۣȥسǵĹ
һ·ƻλεȵʱۡ
һſڣͱſڴ͵һСʿˡ
ʦ壬ˣ⼸ʦү߶㡣
ⲻǹʦô
ʦүǲùÿ찦̾ġ
û£ҽȥ˼ҡ
˵֮ʹСʿȻĽֱۣۺķҡ


094 Զ
֮󣬷ʶĶϽĸĲˣЩܳ
Ҫ˵ЩУܶ඼ǰʱЩСʿҲǰġ
ΪҶ֪ȻָߣȴǱ䵽ԶƫƧۣԺ󲻻ʲôչ˴Ҷ÷
һȴһҵ㶼Щˡ
Ͻһ£һ̵ܵ˺Ժķҡ
ȵ⣬˵ʦϣˡ
ʱߵϵʿüأһߵûϷӦϣ˭
ܿϣ꼣ķ䵽۵ǸСͽ
һִӴϱſڣһĸ
ڵϵʿ㣬񿴵һȥץ֣㼤ᡣ
㱻ϵʿ飬ֵЩ֪룬һһϵʿѳȻ˷ҡ
˷ңȰϵǰ֮ϣ㡣
ʦͽҶûݼʦˡ
Ȱ졣˵仰ʱϵʿĵһЦ
㿴ϵʿЩþô˵ҲԼʦõĵ
ʦܷԸͽǾΪ
ϵǼɿڣһĴȣ˵ЦĻʦһΰѼȥˡ
ʦô£
ϵʿ̾һŽǰ˵һ顣
ԭʱڳд򿪣Ҫ㴦һЩ飬ֶ磬ǸҲˡ
ҲûйϵǺֵܿͨʦ
Ȼͽܶôʦû˵ʱĿӦӲϾ
λҲ࣬ǰ֣ҲոһǮ˼һ£ڣûʮǮ
տʼʱǺܷģЩ˿źγнߣ¡
ҲûʲôϡŹֵ飬жˣ̷ǳϤ
˸տʼʱ˫ǳ⣬ǮЩҲõο
ֹһʱ䣬һʡĸǰȥ׽
տʼʱûзϣΪⲻǶԷɹڵĴӦˡ
һԷĵϣͳ˹¡
ķ̳ոհںã̳ǰͱӶĴ
տʼʱΪĴа磬ϣǴˣ;òԾˡ
ΡΡ»˸򣬵׼̳̳ǰͭո죬ͭ͵˵ϡ
ȥ鿴˨ͭӾȻˣȻѾֵЩĻţǿкµ˸˩ϡ
ӣֻҪһͭ࣬̾Ͷϡ
ʱĺй
վһԿʩǸҲ˶ߣϵʿĪҲǸӻ
ⳡҲʹ˴Ҵҵжˣǽ飬ڴӦķǮһֶû٣ֻиҪǾΪ㡣
ô죬ԼֻͽܸԼһˣڵĴӦ
ȵ»绰ʱ򣬲ŷٵ绰Ǳ߶ӡ
ûа취ֵһͽǰȥȥ㣬õĻرǣѾŶڹС
Ҳ㣬ǱǸȴͣߴ١
ֵԲ˦ֲˣǸ˵ʵ̫б°ڽЭĻ᳤飬Ūһ²̨
Ҳʱһ
ﾲʦľȻ΢΢һЦ˵ҵʲô£ԭһСʦصģֻҪȥˣСֵ
´һ㣬ЩֲˣԼҲǲһʱ䣬ô仯ô
տʼʱڱ֣ΪͬͬյأһȻԼͽܡ
ԼͽܵĽǷǳŵʱʲô̵ĳʶ֪Ծһ췹Եġ
ôû೤ʱʹڿҲгǴʲôطѧǸ£ѵǵʲôԼ֪ܣ
뷨֮һתʵڵпɺðɣҰҲܼ̳ۡ
Ҳ̽㣬Ҳ뿪۵Ļôλȫߡ
ȻʦңôͽҾ͹ˡ
ڵѾѧһ£ǵѾûжˣܻصڣһЩθڡ
һûشЩƣѵûʲôܣ
ڵʼֹΪС£㿴˼
̾ϴЦ˵Ҹղһ£»ǹһʱ˵ϾĵҲʦģ˵ģҲûԸȥ֡
˵仰ʱ۾һֱ㣬Ͽʲô
˶ԷĻ¶ʧ
ı飬оſǵûʲôܣӦеõʲôؼ
ʱҪ϶µ㹦Ҳܰ׳
ãǾȥȥXУȵ°֮ٻصۣϾҲûչˡ
ǡ
ϵʿڴӦɳ⺰һ硣
ϵʱĻϾһСʿŽ
ʦ棬кηԸ
ϣʦ壬ȥͷϢ
ǡ
СʿӦһתͷʩһ񣬡ʦ
㼱æվٴϵʿ񣬸ǣȻСʿ뿪ˡ
ϵʿ뿪֮󣬿ıӰ۹ͬʱһɭϢɢ


095 ˣƢ
ڶ죬ٴݼֻʱѾһոµĵۣķҲһֻġ
㿴Ĵ磬ٿԼԼȥ֮бҲбҪԼͷͶЩˡ
Сˣ׼ôһгǡ
ʦһ׼׵ֻʦһԸ
УǾͺá
ͰһߣһԵֻϵ
һֻһԼ·ȻȻĶ˵߰ɣѾſˡ
ϵʿ˵֮󣬱ȳţ㼱æ˴ӺһֱǰߵĴſڡ
ֻѾ߰˸ˣΪ׵һӣһ˿۾һƬ׾
Ӽæǰ
ʩض񡣡
˵֮Աһ£˳Ȼ˵ҵͽܡϣ꼡
Ļ۾´һ㣬ֻλͲʮ꣬Ҳƽȴһûмľ
λϣ꼵ˣﾴţԺĹա
ʩǫˣֻһʿԺҪʩǰġ
һ׻Ҫǰ˵һͻ죬ǾһλĶѾԺλ٩٩̸
һվŵо¶һ˿ŭ
λﾴűĴˣڰԼһԣȴΧڣǳĲ⡣
һȻ˵ʱѾˣ·Ҳǻ̰ɡ
ﾴźڲŷӦæĶ˵ʧˣϿϳ
˵֮ﾴſҲԷһ۳
ȻԵԸ㰲
֮͸˳
ǸﾴŵĻʿǰ
Աһ£ʿĴֱһһ£οʿʦôܹƽ͡
ϵվڵſѾдˣ˼ֱӾͻعﲻٹˣһǷı꣬ȻҧǸһ
һˣ뿪ۣŹߣܿ˸ٹ·֮һ·ʻһֱʻ˰ʱŵĿĵء
XеʱɫѾˣλﾴҲǸϵˣȰǰŵصһǼƵ꣬Ȼȥһطǳɫӣһ١
ŽͻؾƵ꣬ҲûҪǰ顣
˻⣬ﾴţһ·Ϻ̸ЦͣĻԾգȫûһ㸻Ŀ˵ӡ
ϵʱЩʹˣԭϵڰЩϵʱеǰһͨѵ˵֪ʦȥûڵʿȥˡ
ô죿ֻ˲ǣұʾһµãȫ͸ʦԱġ
ʵҲЩźһһɢһϾı壬Լŵʦ˵ʵտʼԼԼҲΪһС¾ͺˡ
Ű¾»صȥЩˡ
ڵڶ죬ǸﾴҲûʲô˴㣬XйһȦʩʤżȫһ顣
Ҫ˵СTУûгԶţԶXеʷżҲǳĸȤ
ĵĸŵΣۿʤż
ϵʿȴЩˣЩ죬ЭӦеǮȫۡ
֮ǿԭ⣬ܵĴȷʵǱľǸϽѷ꣬ûȥ
˵ʱϵֱӾ͸ﾴŴ˵绰
ϰ壬дĲǻǰ°ɣҵĹл鲻ܾ
绰Ǳߵﾴ΢һ£ȻЦ˵ԭλǧңҺúдһ£Ȼл飬ôʹλҼп
ãǾһΪˡ˵֮ϵֱӾ͹˵绰ʱΪԼˣһҲʮֲ
绰һͷﾴţɫҲЩÿϾ͵Цݵض칫еһ˵һضܣҪȻҼҵ黹֪ϵʲôʱ򡣡
˳۹⣬ԭ칫ҵĻһˣ˲Tе
ЦŻشλֵҰ鵢ˣΪǶϱܽǵϰ顣
ﾴżæİڰ˵ûʲôûʲôƼб𣿡
ﾴű϶мӣʵжıҲЩģǰݲͬҲһС۵ʿ
ϰ御ܷģıۼģϻһܹ飬һλ
ﾴż˵նҲͷһЩ
ش֮һ£Ȼ󲻺˼˵棬ϰ岻Ҫ˵ƼģȻĻ»вۡ
Ϊʲôϰ𣿡
ҲǹҵģǸ׼ЩºַˣҼͷˡ
ԭãͰ˵İɡ˵ʱﾴŶҲǷǳĽ
Ȼ˵ĶһЩȴһҳ׼ңø
ڵڶ죬ոյ𴲣ﾴŵ֪ͨ׼һ£ܿгӡ
֮󣬼æԼЩͻķȫϣȻƵĴš
һ߾˼ﾴŵ鼱æ룬ȴʦϵʿڡ
ôڣ
ҽûʦ
ʿЩͷҲǰˡ
Ǹҡҡͷæ¥ǰȥ룬˴ŰСʱƵģ˵ݳˡ
һΣû뵽λļôʮӣǿͬ¥
ϵǰһȻ˵ô¥ˣҲ֪ʦص
һ˿ϴЦ˵ͽĲǣЩˣʦԭ¡
ϵҲûйֵΪ㣬ֻתǸ˵߰ɣʱˡ
ҲЩŭ˭ʱ䣬㲻¥͵˵طˡ
λϾĹͣҲֻǿЦݣϵ˳Ȼһʻȥ
һ·ϣϵ͵ۿ㼸ΣͿǲܹԼ˼
ԭϵͶķģߡ
ǷᣬҲû˵ʦͽǿռͽܶģֻˣСƢķϣʶȤԶؼ


096 
һ·ϱĿһֱĿĵأ۾֮˳
ʱڳ⣬ѾżȺʱˡ
ﾴһ㵽ˣǰץס֣˵ϣ꼵ڵˣ鷳ˡ
ʩ첻Ҫô˵ħұı֡
ﾴĵͷȻһľ
ں㺮˺þ֮źոշϵһͷ˵ϵҲˡ
֮תͷֺ˵
Ավŵϵֱ£ﾴҲ̫²˵˰ɣô˵ҲʦңͲҷ
һ룬ϵЩйﾴŻ治Լ
֮Ʊϵ˱
ڽ˱ĴţйۿǮסĵط
ֻߵɵĴţԲεĹתǵʯӺݻ²ס
ɫǽǳߣĹźͻȣߴ洰Ŀ
žɲʣȡϱչҵõʹι۾͹ϱͨ龰ڡ
վԺ￴ֱը࣬Ҫ˵ҲǼ棬ڹŴʱҲһװޱµլӣǺǰլĹģȻ󣬵װκװȴʮǧ
ŸԿ㣬ǰıЩĿɿڴﲻɵһԺ
ɲЩģԼһأġеĽǾĵƣΧľΪһ塣
뵽˵
ЩѣûߣתԸϵ˵ʦС
ϵ¶һ˿ЦݣȻׯصɫȥϵ˱
˱֮͸оЩͷΪģ㾹Ȼоһ˿䡣
һòͷ̾ͣ˽Ų̾ǰһֱעﾴŵע⡣
ʲôͷ𣿡
㲢û˵ֻĬ
֮۾һܹۿ
У˺ڰɫ⸻ûʵıȴһɵڲͣĻơ
ɫ֮УһɺɫɷǱ
оһԲСܹ쵽ģ˵СܹĻ㻹ܹţɷȴؼԹɲһСܹǣġ
㲢ûлشŵĻֻǰڰ֣Ȼת뿪ˣ֮ȥ
ȵԺеʱԺɨ裬ֻߴԺǽһͣӿɷ֮ͬʱһɵɫϣʧ
üȻָһ˵˭ģ
ﾴżָǴǽϵһЦ˵޽⴦ʱ㽭ķˮʦǰˮλˮʦָǽϿһ˵ĲСѵʲô𣿡
˵ʱҲ¶Ժı飬ܹ㽭ķˮʦǰָ㣬XҲǶͷһˡ
֮󣬲ûЦϰ壬Ҳ֪ǴĴʦԺǽϲܰǷˮһʶ
üʮĻҪ֪Ϊ⴦լӵķˮǻ˴Ǯ
ţҲ˵ʲôֻüͷԺת˼ȦϾͷԺмѰĵط
ԭԺоȻŻ⻱λʮֵأһֵ͡
ڷˮǷǳľͨԲ֪ʲô󡣲ȴп⼸ûլӵˮȫŸͣľۼ
Ҫ˵ִѾĩ磬֮ĺ棬γһǳŨĵطܹЩСǿĴڡ
㿴֮Ѿ϶Լе뷨ﾴӦõʲôˣס
Ȼ㿴ﾴŶԼǷǳΣԼȻЩҪ˵ġ
ϰ壬Ժֵ⼸ûд⣬Ҫ˵Ͽ쿳ȥɡ
ﾴĻ΢΢һЦȻ˵ǲΪ⻱ǹ־ۼ
һҲЩƣⲻǺôͿԼô໱
ﾴſƣҲɵһ˿ӣȻЩԼǸ㽭ʦǲ˺Զ
֪⻱һ˼ǹҼȴǾ۲ҵı
ô˵ģϰԡ
ý֪ЩңʵҼҲһ󷨣ȡ֮˵Ϊ⻱ǲ¾ſŻְһ֣ôüоۼƸ
˵ʱﾴԺĸ̾Դ󷨲ãҵĲ˾ͷǳǿʢˡ
ЩΪȻϰ壬Ȼ֪ʲô󷨣ȴûпνʲô洦ҵУֻ󷨲ͣľۼ֡ϰ岻⼸ˣ²֮ͻ֮ǡ
˲˵ôأĬһ£Ȼʵ˵ʵ
ʵаֺƭʩ
ﾴűôһ˵ҲʼģҪ˵󷨲֮Ĳȷʵǿ࣬ǴǸʱ𣬼оͿʼ¡
ﾴŲû뿴һı£˵ʱȲҪǷˮȽҼҵǸֳˣʱ˵
ԷԣҲͲٶ˵ȻˣǾ͵ȵƶ̳Ϊʩ
žڱһȦ쵽ʱ߳һٷʢͣ»ص
ȵ˻ʱ򣬱ĴѾǰں˷̳
ȥһ£̳ⷨʮֽеþ߼Ѿȫˡ
Ŷ׽¾ĺܶ࣬Ѿš
Ⱥ˾ͿʼڱиϢﾴŽ˲֮Уϵһ٣㲻
һֱȵʮӵʱվﾴ˵ʱˣԿʼˡ
ãһ鷳ˡ
һԺóʱû˵ϵҲ۾÷ѧһЩ
ֻмķ̳ǰܿ˿Ȼָվǰļں˵˵Щ˲Ҫվſڣȫȥ
ﾴһæһ֣Щ̾ÿŵλãȫ˵
ʱ̳ǰһľȻ´һ¡
ľȷʵǲ׻ľɣﾴϰΪⳡ˲׼Ķ׼¡
һűʼڵϽ̤׼ʩչ


097 
ҪʩչлѸȫе̳ǰȻн
ֻľʼл裬Ȼⲻ裬еľÿһָյʱ򣬶ָضķλԴӦϵԱ
еľָ˼֮ͻȻطľ̳ǰдһŷ䣬ȻֱӾˡ
֮飬ͬʦĪ⡣㣬еԩ̳꣬ǰв񣬵֮Уܼ尾̫Ͼ
꣬ϱ㼤һĲƣⲨһ˲ɢ
֮УͿʼһ磬Щֱڳ˾ùͷ
վһԵﾴţҲһ亹ΪҲԭȵЩʿһκεĲû뵽ոĹַ硣
һѸٵ̳ǰ£γۿɼ硣
ڱǰֻ̳ǰɵں֣ǰȴĿС
ֻľڷ̳һģȻָ±ʵηСҾۼ˴ȥĻƶʮޣʮ˲ó
ʵڿЩСñ£еʮޣ
ǵµС񲢲֪ĴԣֻΪĩʱȻзʦʩչǿое̳ǰһһǿġ
˹̨̳ǰߵײͣġ
ʦʦҵȲ뿪ֻǱڴ˴һأҵ̾ͻɢ
㿴ﻹǹ˳û˻ɢǿʵγ˹ģ
һֱģҪִ֪ѾĩˣûЩĻˡ
һʮĹսսϿһۣȻ˵ʦҵҲֻ֪֪֮һգ۾Ѿ˻ǣȻľͱط
֮Ҳƣϳ˹⣬ôᱻ
һһֱûпڵĹͻȻ̧֮ͷ˵ʦڲصʱһˮʦǰˮ֪ûйϵ
֮۾һɵÿǸʮĹҲһľôͲ˵ˣһǷˮʦи˹
ʧǣ˵ǹȴն˵û顣
֪ʮĹո˵꣬һȴ˵һֱ˵ǸˮʦˣôڸĿˣ
Ǻ㿪Цأ㻹ˡ
ڷ̳ϣ±ߵʼ
һ˵һˮʦһȫϡ
ЦһֱӴӻȡ˿Դصִ֮ûùԿˡ
ֻӶžһεĲɢµϡ
һƴУ̾;Ǳһʹһһ
رǸʮĹʹĸԭͿʵһζصա
۵ֱڵϴ޷뿪㷨̳һɵľ롣
ǸʮĹҲֲסֻͻȻð˺⣬ȻѾɫȻһ˿Ѫ졣
ǹеϵʹֻ࣬͵ǰһԾȥ
ҲǼģСϣֻϵľͻȻǸȥ
֧ľûоκμģҪ˵Ǳаһ㣬ҪǼֱǲܵġ
Ǽܲסз֧ţִ˵ҲͷһݵģֻľͻȻųһ⡣
վﾴźϵˣȻľϵĽ⣬ҲоɭıоȻһů⡣
һľôֵϣСһļоͱһɶԶ
һеﾴŵ已̥Ѿˣһĺ⡣
Ǳ˵Сڵϴһ̾ͻһȻɢȥ
һ龰ӵˣֻٵĿлһΣǿ̾ͷųһᡣ
ѾеǸСһգ̾Σ̳ǰ
ÿС
ȥСڣСֻھ٣˱ȸղŸĽк
վԱߵһС϶һȻĬĬԱ߹һ溦ԼСһ̸
֮󣬾ſ±ߺʵ㵽Ǻָʹңʵʵ˵ֻأĻһûɢ
ǵµСȻǻͬ٣ȴҧ˵СʿƭˣֻѾûгˣڻɢǺǣһֲǻɢˡ
üͷһ壬С˵ֻѾˡ
ǺãȻֻزˣҾ͸ôֻҪʵʵ˵ұ곤档
ʮòСûмһȻͽҧزٿ
һһĹ˵ܱ棬۾ǰ˼Ȼĵ˵һ˵һˮʦ֮Уǰҵˡ
õ㾹һ˵飬ѵ㲻һ𣿡
ҵСмƲһۣȻ˵ǰλҿ㻹ʵĽʡƤ֮ࡣ
˵仰ֺ֮õЦһ¡
ķˮʦ˭֪
һϵýҼζû׳
һķգҵСûиϢˡ
һξ𿽹һ˵˵ĺôٲУǾͱƶĺˡ
Ǻǣ㾡֣ܶҵ֪㻵Ĵ£һ
仰һӰˣֻſдʣǿͷųһɺȻһǸСյ˿С
Сյ֮֮󣬽صķ˷̳ϣȻƹ̳±ߣſǲͣĳݡ
һǿܵӰ죬ʼͣĲͻȻ͵һžһɺ̣ǺڵһγһС
һǸղűսȥһ
СУվ̳󣬾ĿǸСʵ˭δ˵ңʵ
ǹڵµСѾղôˣľͷһſڱ˵ʦСѾǲˣֻǵãǱһˮʦѡ
Ƿˮʦ֪
ʦλˮʦ㽭һӦ»СΪ¡


098 Ŀꡪ
֮󣬵ͷȻ̳ǰֽˡ
ȻѾӦ˿ʵ֮󣬱ǳ棬Ͳʳԣ׼ʩչֽ˵ķСܹͬʱҲǸԼ
ֽ֮ëպɰֽ֮ϣд˷䡣
ȻȡСٴһӣС̻ɺ̸ֽ֮ϡ
֮Сĵشӻȡһֽ˷УȻźá
Ȱһ֮תվԱߵģﾴ˵ϰ壬ɣʰʰɡ
ﾴŸղȻûп̳ǰȴľѣڶѾͶء
һԸ̾ԼԸ䣬̾Щںһ֣ûʮӣѾٴαʰĸɸɾ
ʱﾴŻֵµЩˣɳ£ȻСʵʦô
㿴ŶԷεţЦЦˣȻ˵ʩصˣլеСѾҽ
ųĺһȻЦݣˣҾͷˡ
ʩҲ˵̫ˡ
ʦǺ⣿
Һ˵ʵɣСָʹרġ
֮ɫͱòÿˣҪ˵ЩȻʮֵĺ𣬵Ǳ밵о͵ʲôˡ
Ǵʦ֪˭˵ʱﾴɫѾ
һ㽭ķˮʦʲôӦʩǷ֪

ﾴʮֵĲ죬Լϵĳˣÿ˶ܺԼȥΨһû뵽ľӦ
Ҫ˵ӦԼԩ޳ǰʶֻǱһ䣬ŲԶ㽭뵽XΪԼլӿһηˮҲһ
ʦ᲻ˣ
˵ʱﾴЩɣϾͬԩң˵ӦҲԩҶͷ
㿴ԷţҲٶͣѾѹ˶ԷӣôԺҲԼûϵˡ
ʩûʲô£ƶͻȥϢˡ
˵仰ͻԼķϢȥˡ
ﾴżæ԰ͳ˴Ȼ»ɳ֮ҧгݣ⵽ĸ˺ԼȥҪ֪ˣһԷÿ
һֱڴϵϵæǰ˵ʦҲصģǸͽʱҲſڿӣҿǸ㽭ķˮʦûϵ
ﾴϵ仰ǶǸ㽭Ӧġ
ԭﾴѾ϶ϵһҥײƭģĻȻҪȻ˵㽭ķˮʦûϵô˼˵ǸˮʦٶһЩ
ղߵʱʮֵնҲ˼ȥ
ۿˮʱѹ߿ŻЩͷ
ʱԼΪǲװ߿ŷˮӦ⡣
뵽ﾴüͷһ壬Աߵ˵ҼˣԺ߿ŻȫӵԶԶġ
Ǹƨƨߵȥȥˡ
˵֮סһ죬ڶﾴŸǡ
ｨŶ뿪ѾԤڼҲֻǴӻȡһп˫ֹĵݵǰ
һ鷳ˣһСС˼ȥȱ衣
ڵݹпȻЦˣԼѡ
˾ͶлϰˣԺʲô¾ܿڡ
ﾴŵȵľ仰Դ˻֮βͣԺ»졣
ãҾͶлˡ
ﾴžͷԸ飬ͻȥ
ߵʮָɴ࣬˴ӦһõǮȫТʦ
֮ʦϵЩûһԼXп˵ȫûκεİǰϰԼҲԭˣXеҵԺû취ˡ
˵ϵΣ˵ﾴŸ׼ĳϵʱѾ»صĵۡ
ոսۻû׼ĵ绰ͼٵˡ
ó绰һǼæͨ
ûڣǱ߾һ
ô¶ұڵ绰һͨӶǳ
ô죿ڿͻǰ˷ͷΪ档
Ǳߵ˳Ĭһ£ȻЦ˵ǽô죿ұ˼ߡ
֮ҲЩգϾͻָΪʱĵʿҲǰ׵ġ
ܰҸϳۣҴۣôҲ֣ûڽ̲ŵļûȨ˽ԽҸߡ
Ӵǣ˼ʿŶˡ
ǣҲŸɳԷѽ
ҲܵģǸЩϵģ㲻Ūļ
ЩüҪ˵Ĺϵһڡ
Ҳûʲô취ֻһһˣСĴȥֻҸطˡ
仰Ҳʵڵûƾı£Ҹ۶ᱻϱ
᲻۵ԭǣȻƫƧǶԽ˵Ƿǳĵط
ĵ绰Ͱ׵һߣҪĻǱԼͣĻһصŴٴǸ֣ǽ첻Ӧеصز顣
ʦ㣬ȻʦԱߣԼķһܹٵʵ
˴ͷ뵽βԼķеĸ̫ҽּŹǸˮĥʣҪٵǲܡ
̾һͻȻ뵽һŷҲܹٵʵ
뵽ͣҲƵܻԼңȻһٷңڴ·һ鼮
Ȿ棬дż֡񷨡
Ȿ黹翿ɽͶһ˼˳ġ
ǶⱾ鲻ϣһ֮һԣû뵽ҪⱾ
ⱾҪΪ鷳ģ˱ǻտʼҲһЩͨʱ˱ضֺ¡
ľͰⱾ֮߸Ϊû޳ҲȥⱾ˵ûκεô
ҪǿŹĻҲûа취ֻҪһЩۡ
飬۾һαãԼҪΪ˻صŹ
Ҫ˵ԼѾЩƾԼı£Ҳִܹ÷ˮ𣬸ҪصȥǸΣա
۾ͼᶨһǰ㵱ʿֻΪ˻ڷԣôôȥҲһò¡
ĿѾת˳֮ϣִȻƾǱܹԼķתȴ޷ٸһֻе磬ƾܹʵǣһܹƶ˿׺ɣ


099 
һֻһεʱ䣬еգҲûʶ
һοһ٣Ŀ飬ȹˣȻܹĵ·ͦȲ˳¾Զֻͣˡ
˼ֻ֮һЩǰ벻׵飬ڶı·Լǰ
˾֣֮صǱ񷨣˵۵Ĵ֮УȻⱾ鹩ʦ̳ǰ
֮һͷ˵۵ССĲУҪһŷš
뵽İ취ͨȡɣǰɷһԼ񷨡
Ҫľǰѷҳ
㻹˵㻹ССĲҵ˼ڷ鼮
ϸķ⼸ڷ鼮лһЩȱ©ʹ޷
ʵû취ˣı鼮һ£һµķܲܳɹ
־ȻЩðգҲûбİ취ˡ
֮󣬲֪ôģ͸оѾԾԾԣгɣıͻԼԴȻʼϸо
ıȻÿһֶһЩȱ©İıǹһ𣬵ܹǿĴճһס
ҲЩģѵⷨһվܹ
˼ǰ²ľΪɲģһÿ
ļҵǾ
ȻЩգǳɹ֮ҲǾ޴ġ
¶֮ͿʼıҪľǣһΪȫġΪȻǹӽȥ
Ӽ˼ǿĴճһҪݻǱ
Ȿ˼Σ֮ʱܻһˣʹܹȻѡ
ȴ˸ĽǹмķʹⱾֳܹһ˿꣬ôڵһط
ɷ޲֮ڵͿʼɲɶˡ
տʼʱ򣬼ڿͷǲģҪһɽ֣ÿճʱʱʼ
ڵĵ۷ǳʺܶɽ֣û˵ǳļž
ڵڶߵ㣨Ҳǳʱʱ𴲣Ȼȵ֮иʦ㣬ĬĬϣʦӣܹƽ
֮ʹһЩʩõĶ뿪˵ۣС
һŻǴ׳Ȼóӣµһ£ʮŴ紦һۼȻСطһƤ
֮ó˻Ʊֽ͵д
ʱҲнģҪȶ񣬿̫ҵ۾Ľͳ񣬴ȻģΣó档
֮߿ڣһڷϣ߱飬Ի巽ۣ̫ϾԪʼ̫ָﻯȥΣѣԱ΢顣ϣߵʮű顣
֮󣬱ѻɵķһϣһһջҡ
˵һˣҪʮܹõӦ顣
һɵʱ㲢ûиоʲôͬ
ҲûκεĻģϾͷһҪܹʲôǲų˹ˡ
쿪ʼĵдסˣʱ򣬸ʹ㣬Ȼ̫ҽּϵʱ
粻ֹ㵹ǲԤ£ȴûзŹ㡣
ڼ֮ͻȻӵڽ̲ŵĵ绰㣬ĵ۹ְλѾ۱½ܰš
һµ绰֪Ǹʦǫڸʹӡ
ҲЩߣԼֻЩԷķͷõϾɱ
ԼȴˣһǴӦϵʿµǮϽ۵ġ
ԷԼϵʦ͸ʩһСȥȥˡ
ûа취Ϊ˱ס۵ְλԼʱĵͷԷʵǲģԼʩҲ١
ˣεĽͨǱʦϵĵ绰
ιĸ
ʦϣ꼡
ѽʲô⻹æء
ʦڽ̲Ŵ绰һ۱֪֪
һ治֪֪ͨʲôʱµģ
Է˵ϹЩ߲ǳһѹеŭ
ʦǻ˵ɣ㵽ô
仰˵ʱ򣬿ǲôá
ʻоһϲôСһﻹܶùңⲻЭ
ûʲôֻҪ˵ڵĵҲ۵Ĳҵߵһйͱ۵ĲƲ
ˣԭϼһΪԼڵ۵ʲô书ؼԲһɳ졣
ȻЩ鼮ǺͱҪöࡣ
ЩУĻõǱǱط㿴Ǽ۵ĲУͼ˼׷
ʣµģҪľܹԽöʯָˣֻöʯָԽ磬ܹõ̤ó̡
ʯָñҲ˵ĺܣôøˡ
ʦʲôѵ֪ʲôؼ㡣
СӱҴ۶ոȥ۵ʱֻǸʲô֪ļٵʿû¾ͳޣѵ⻹ɴĲɣ
㿴Է˼ǲܣԷǲЭˣȻǾûʲô̸ˡ
˵ôʦǾûʲô˵ˣưɡ˵ֱ֮Ӿ͹˵绰
һߵϵȻϻЦݣǹһٴΪĽȥҲûкô
ǸܹʩģʱҪǸԼһ£Լûط˵ȥ
뵽ı£һμᶨԼһֻǵ˼ĵʿı£ҪܽԼϣƾԼЩԵ̵⣬ǻһɳ죬пܳ档
˵һ߹˵绰ҧгݵķߺ˰죬ɥ˴ϡ
ڻûа취ϵֻһ̵ˣϵȴڽ̽ô꣬ɲܹģԼҪһԮˡ
Ҫ˵ʶĴҲֻغﾴˡ
ﾴŵϳXУԼһûʲôãôΨһܹΣѵģֻˡ
ǰһʱԼոպ˵ˣҪӴɣھȥǲЩÿ
ҪҪȥصʱĵ绰һ
һˣشĵ绰


100 곤
Ĭһ£ڻǽˡ
ιʩ𣿡
һڣǱ̾ˬʵЦ
ղǱ߿ɺã
ʩˣƶ߹ֻǴպϡ
ŶʲôΪѵ𣿡
Ĭһ£Ϊ˱סۣԼҲûʲôҪģҧҧ˵֪ô£ļҪջҵĵۣһ۱ⲻ𣿡
֮ͣʮֲ죬ЩˣһǲԤڽڲ飬ôһֱļˣ
ҵǸʦε鷳
һߵسĬһ£Ȼ˵صģȥ˴кӦܹס
ҾͶлʩˡ
˵һлĻֽŲʩܾûҵСˣԺҪʱ
һߵĻ̾˷
ãô˵ҹ͹ȥ
˼͸ԹҶϵ绰
㿴еĵ绰̾һһԼǶ棬ǰһʱ仹زҪԼôֵ˼Ұ£žžġ
˵ŭ˵һߵٹ˵ĵ绰һЦݡ
ԱվŵĶصӾ֪ˡ
ǲЭˣ
Ǻǣ⻹еȻǱ²СǶϵ±Ͼ٣֪һߣպ
ǸͲһ£һǣ
زмƳһۣȻ˵㻹ôܾ¶ûп
Ǹ׵˼ǡ
һΪǸۣǻǣǱͻģ˼Ǻˣʱ֪ô
׵Ļһ룬
ؼӷӦЦݸӵĲá
ھͦõģ˺ǻ飬ỳǣﻹôмأ
˵ʱҲһ԰
ԭ鲢һܹɵģϾڽ̽ҺٸԤģͻȻļһͨ۵Ĺܹ쵽ġ
ʱһֱڹע飬һֱӵҪջصϢںƲļ
Ŀľ£عںá
ڿĿǴﵽˡ
ȥδ绰ļջͬʱٰһݰѵۺ۷ֳļ
ףһԺ˶ƺ𣿡
֪ʲôۣڿҪ˵ǸСֻۣҪ˾ģ㻻طȻ˸һõġ
˵ʱ˲ǰǸﾴţֻҪһ绰ȥﾴһXиһõĵۡ
ûбҪ½٣ףֱӰĺ󻼸ˣʱ˵ʲôֻǶĸм°ѱҪǿĶࡣ
Ҳͷ׹ȻԼֻ°ѱƺ㣬ȴû뵽Լܹѳֵģ
θϿļҹȥһ˵ۣӴ֮Ҿعںˡ
ǣףھʹ绰Ͱļ
ţȥɡ
ذڰ֣ȥ顣һȴڰ칫˳˼
֮ҪͽҲĿĵġ
ԽضĿ־ҲԽԽǿңԭΪûй֣Ȼǿ־壬Ҳֻǰѹ
żˣȴ롣
Լλ׼õϢ֮Ȼпܱɹ꣬ع֮ºܿͻɢҲʲôۼ
ȴʧžˣɹҲҪ䡣
ؿֺγһĳأ
ĸνĵõˣȴûһа취صԸģֻˡ
ΪŷѾĻҪ´Ϲϵ
Ȼڶ죬ոڵصû೤ʱ䣬ͽӵĵ绰
𣿡
ңʩһλ
ڽֵ̾ģһҪǰ֪ͨ㣬һθǷļѾˡ
ֻһɣ⼸ѹϵǹѹʧˡ
ŵ绰Ǳ˵һͨڽʿĹġ
ڵ绰ҲǲͣķУܺ˵һ仰ԷһԼ޼ҿɹ顣
úãлĹġ
Ҷϵ绰̧֮ͷ촰̫գֻͷһѾʧĲˡ
ӵڽֵ̾绰ĵڶ죬ؾͿų˵ۡ
ؼ̤ڣ黹Щܵġһ뿪۵ʱ涪üˡ
ССĵۣһͿˣȻЩŤȻǴЦӭӡ
ʩ
Եúã˯㣬û
ʩǰ£̫ƽ
˵֮ؽ˵۵Ĵذȸʦ㣬ָҡ
֮ؾʹԵĹİȡļȻݵǰ
ڽ̲ŵļӽԺ۾ɵˣԺ˭Ҳκεˡ
ֽӹ˿ȻһߣϴǿЦ˵һĶлʩˣԺʩʲô¾˵
֮оһϲȻͳȴ˵˵֮ǲĻɹ
֮ЩƣôˣȻ֪ʲôȻʵʵ˵ִɹǳѣ󲿷һ̻֮Ǿɢˡ
ǵûʲô취ܹ˱ɹ꣬
⻰Ҫ㻹ʲôǼֱɵˡ
ͬص뷨ҲЩ棬ΪܹȻϧɹ
ʩɹҲôõģҪ֪ۣҪʱʱ̫⣬Ҫʱʱ紵֮ࡣ
ǰѻ˵˸أɹôã˵Ҳǻ
زû׷˵˵ʵɣҵҲСˣһǲǰ͵ùһĹòײžȻ
˵̾һȻ˵֮󣬻ɢôϣһеĺۼͶʧˡ
㿴ִţ˵ʩ¶ģҵǿ԰æʱʩΪֻ꣬ҪйϣҲʩ־档
ãôˣȵôһ鷳ˡ
Ⲣʲô£ʩȥҪͼȻĻ˷ʩĻҲܳ档
ģһһаŵġ˵ʱһ˿޵Ĺâ


101 
ǴﵽԼһĿˣޱȵɡ
ֺ˼䣬˷ܵ뿪ˡ
һֱ͵ſڣĿĳʧԶ
»ص֮ŸղҪ󣬲ɵһĿЦ
Ҫûǳ棬ǵøܴĴۡ
һ֮أܹ棬ִҪҵ֮أǼֱȵ컹ѣԼֻªͼ÷øʱĵطȴպš
ÿһûк£һʱԼ置ĹһڶԼȻҪĳ
뵽֮ҲǺܺãԼǱһֱţĻҲԼ߸һѣǱ߾֪ˡ
뷨֮Щɭȷţȵ˹ʱԼٰŪҲ١
ҪľǸϽǷɣȻ취Լʵ
Ҫ˵Ҳһʱ䣬һֱû飬Щ
Ҫ֪ǰҲһЩķտʼʱҲûʲôӦ飬һʱͻиָ󣬵һôʱ䣬û
Ȼ㻹Ǿŷȥİ취
㽫ȫӵһߣÿԼСѰľǷ
ȵʮһ죬Ѿ÷ǳĳأΪԼһѾʧˡ
ֵܹ֮ڣֻлһ룬һˣôҪȫʼȫգһҪ
һѡһŷǳľȻǻϣȻ
̫ҵ۾Ľͳ񣬴ȻģΣó档
֮󣬻Ϊǰһʲôջ
ȴʱоһĸоһֶΪ
һȻСһѾ˾ӵһԣʱԵ
ָоķǳͻȻ㶼ûκε׼ʱ֪ϾҪɹˣʧܵӰ̾ͻָ˹
ȻϲǳȴûţΪ֪ûɣΪʹ˲ӣ¾ͻǰ
Ŷ߿ڣһ巽ۣ̫ϾԪʼ̫ָﻯȥΣѣԱ΢顣
һ֮һֳ꣬ͻȻ˳Ȼ֮ҡҡ壬֮úһģһֻЩá
ȴһַǳص飬ȻվȴͬʱܹоվڶǸƮķ
вûиоκεΥ͸С
һǸ幰һ֣Ȼ˵ƶˡ
÷ǳĺЦǾѧС˵еӻһȻ˵ұһ壬αض񡣡
˵֮ʹЦһЦ̾ǣǸֳȥķһЦ
һһǸ̾ͻһ̣뵽֮С
ڵֻԼ֮̾ͺΪһ壬ֻҪһ̿·ֳ
ʱֻʮԼһɨգǰЩѹŵǿʯͷҲȫῪ
㳤һȻصԼĹУҪ˼ǣη
Ҫ˵˴㣬ҪѸٵĳɳ
ִȷʵЩʽ΢Ҫƾ̵񷨣²ôס
ֱתȦһ취Ǿǽ߷Ժ֮У÷ԺӴԸɾͼ
ȻһܹԼķȴһȱ㣬ǾͽĳݣǾ߷ҲͽеǸoת
ȻûκεĻǾԼһ̵ĵӣȴŷҵͷЩﲻþ
رѾгɣôǰ˵еЩoӦöǴڵģԼôһɣǲǱԼʦ
һʦҪԼˣǿô죿
˼ȥȵʦǶ㣬Ȼһԣô˵
뵽֮»ص˵۵ôȻһ㣬ĸʦȼȻ¯֮С
֮˼̳ǰϣ˼ͷȻ
ʦϣӵķҪţΪеһԱԱõѸгɣʦͬ⣬һʾ
˵֮ӻȡ˼öͭǮȻһ
һ⼸öͭǮγһ¡
㿴¶һ˿Цݣԭֽ棬˼һһӣҪ֮
Ѿ˵÷ǳףʦǸҪ֮
ôԼֻҪǰձģΪΪôͲΥʦĽѵ
֮㳹׷еĹǣص֮пʼ˼¡
Ҫ뽫Լķ͵֮ôҪһǣԼʲôͽݡ
򵥵ķȻֱӾðĳһλȴ취
ΪʥʮֵľηԼðñ˵ͷǽµ⽫һгһ졣
˿ǸԼһŵĺãһԼҲǸһλˣֲðķԼ찢޺
룬øԼһʲôأ
˼ȥΪԼҪħٲ˹ɴ͸Լȡһֽ
Ҳ֪ôˣո֣֮в֪γȣ̾һ۹Ͷϡ
۹ͶڱѾΪһķͻȻʼžԽ壬Ʈ˰֮С
ֻʼŹҲʼԭȵǸ۵˵󣬱һķ
㿴ֻͷƤ֮ըѾˮʪ͸ˡ
Լһһǲ֪ĿռĳλУԼһҪΪŵһԱǱֱӾԼķֻ꣬ı
ľսͬʱҲһ˿ģѾǳԣλ֪ĴڣѾͬ߷ֻš
֪Ĵڣǵ̵񣬻Ƿ̵ķ棬˵Ǻõġ
ǵ̵λʥôǵѾͬķֻţȻԺҲ׷óȻ¡
Ƿ̵ķ棬ôȻǷԵ㻯Ժǳ飬ӦҲԹۣҲԼ˵仰ġ
㼱æȻڵأڤڤеʥ棬ϣʥָܹԼԱԼɾϵ
õոɣԼά֮УߵĿͶ˹
Щ֪ʶ֮пʼ棬ųԷ˺ܾãγƽ⣬־һͶϡ


102 
ЩĿ⣬ڴﵽƽ֮󣬸תһȦʧ
ֱЩĿⶼʧˣŸҲΡΡվȻĨһͷϵĺˮ
ղżѹʵ̫ˣûκεķֻ֪Լϡ
վֱ֮ӾԱߴȥȻͲ붯ˡ
ղʵ̫ˣȻ񾭺һֱţһɳʹ̡
һֱɵóԷˣŲòվɽµұһټ͡
ʱѾָĲˣʱóֻʼ
һҪѡĵطȻҪѡһģЩСͲܷ
ֻ˰죬ѡһ㲻ĵط¡
ַǳزۣʵµĹģT˵ӴģԺģռʮĶݵþʮż䡣
֮ѡ£ģӴ֮⣬һҪԭǣڸʡп˵׿Ƽ
ǿӴȺֻҪһСȥΰĹܹķٵ޳ʥ
˼֮ȥԼĵۣһͨ·˵۵ĹţӺɽȥ
֮ôСģΪǰұЩֵĴ磨һʿͨ·͵͵ɽȥܲ𣿣ڴйԵ
ɽ֮תһȦϣ֮һֱ¡
Ҫ˵ڵĵλȷʵԽôӰǰԶȻ˵ڽڳеĿڲԶѾ˸¥á
ڵİ̳ͨͨܣҸĴ񣬺°񣬴󲿷ֶڰҵͷһ죬һ㣬һο
Щ֮⣬̶ͣЩ˲Զ
һԭȻڽʱѾ˵һǳʤżȴƱͨɽɽš
һͨԼΰ˵һǳȻҪƱôȥΰһ£˳㿴һ⼸ǧǰĽҲǺõġ
ų⳵ſڵʱԶͲò³ˣΪѾǱ˶µģͨûа취ɽ
ֻɽ£һ˰ɽȻ˰£п˸ͷ
֮ͷϣйĻգܹӽĹĸţ
Ȼ󴩹۱﹩Ħ档
ûκεĵĽ۱һ㣬Ȼ棬ĬĬ
ϣһԼķţܹõıӡ
ڰһ֮һ֮Ҳھ뿪˰£ڸľһլʱס¡
ϵʱͻȻ۾˴ϣȻĬ÷һʹ˳
ֻѾȫһӡ
ֻͷڣֳǰֽӡ򳦴ȹᱡ壬ܼ
λķ۾һۣȻǸ¶һ˿ص΢Ц
֮λ˫ֺʮ˵ͷҲԱ㴩ǽֱԶİ¶ȥ
˵Ǹʵ˵Ȼ꣬˱˿λ˳ľ˰ڡ
λһ֮ͣоԸƮɢͬʱЩԸҲγһɿıǲаĸš
ǰɢԸ۵ֱ¡
ЩԸȫԼϣϾסԼпһ죬Ϊ
ЩԸȻܹаǲ֪ʲôԭ򣬶ڹ˵ȴûκε谭ǳ˳Ľ£˷ǰ
ĿģķɡԪúΡ
һ꣬ҪΣʱҪܴĴߣĻ¾ͻ᲻ȡ
˵ʲô£ΪôҲģڻһЩЩҵС˵ʮ׾ܹ쵽
ڴ߿ĬĬһС
Ԫúʱ˯أͻȻ֮Ժоһ󷭹Ȼһ֡
ȻУλлϣһ̾ʶʲôֻڵأߵס
ԽԽʢ⽫Ԫúеʶյ͸
Ϊҫ۵ĵطȴֳһӰֻϥ֮Уһֱһ⣬һֽӡǰ
Ԫúб˯бȽϺͿʶʱͻȻѹ
ֻ˫ֺʮϳݣ֪λߣ뽫ŸСɮҲݡ
ӣΪɳؽٴ˽磬Ϊ˽ȷ𷨣һпࡣ
Ԫú֮󣬲֪ôģ;ޱȵĻϲвɵ̾ޣ޹ȶһп࣬ຣ
еĹҲһĴȱֶֻ̧࣬Ź±ߵԪúоһָ
ͬʱԪúУԺоһƪġ
ƪĴ󲿷ֶǷ̾ຣȶ
һλǸɮ£̴ˡɵùӡƾӡຣù
λԪúеô˵ûע⵽еλɫжôĽӲ
ԭ㱾λԪúеģⱾõǱУһ֡
֪ôģλԪúнյȴ봫͵ݴྶֻͥһֽһµġ
㷢֮󣬱亹ð˳ЩΪѾ뿪Ǽߣû뿪Ȼһֱע
Ҳ˲ЩˣֻҪһԼķΪ˳ݣ鶼ʱ
ϾԼֻһСϣЩ޾άȵĸλʲôֶȫֻ֪Ǳ۾ǰϹ
굱д˾ʹ˳ݡ
˵ֲ֮Źķ⡣
Щâģе徻⣬ڹ⣬ǻ۹⡣
ڵµԪúУܴ˹âһգ̽˶С
ҲΪâмһЩЩԪúе֮С
һ֮˹â˳Ԫúеξ
ڶ죬ʰԼĶԼĵȥˣ͵ԪúԼ񣬺Լķ֮С
ʱͿԽ񷨣ٵʱᵽ磬ҲǸǰѰˡ


103 й
˵ԪúУֻ֮ˬǰϵಡںѾˣҲǾ˶ʮꡣ
ⲻһĸܣ̾λԪú뵽ϵǸΡ
ϸʵ̫ˣеһǵ
ԪúڴƵʱͻȻ֮һƪģ֪ôľͳԺС
ƪǰӷ޹Ḷ́ͬʱιͨùķ
Ԫúмƪ֮Ͼ;ξе㻯Ͻڴϣͣλͷ
֮Ԫúдɮۣģ뿪ֱǰߵĴ۱
ʱµɮڶѾۼ׼ŽһΡ
ΪֵԪú˽֮ɮȥȴڴ۱ԱߵϣټλԼµԼǰ
еļλʦܣ⼸ʮһģѾһˣµļĴӣҲǽ֡
Ԫú׼ξԼеõƪģԭԭĸĸˡ
ԪԪأԪλϺǸԪúʩԪúмæԼ¡
Ϊ˶ʦܣôһĸѾֵͬܡ
֮ԪúеͽͣҲǰʦλʦ
Ԫúа˰֣վԼԡ
Ԫúг˼Ƭ̣Ȼ˵λʦܣΪ֣һҪ˵һ¡
ԪԪأԪл࿴һȻ¶˵ȻЦݡ
еԪ˵ʦ˵һΰ˵£ʦ־Ͳ鷳ˣҿʦֶһѡҵȫ޳ɡ
ԪúЦЦڰ˵¡
Ԫ⻰Щ죬ʲô£ʦ֮󣬽Ǽеȫټ
Ԫúг˼һ£Ȼ˵ΪһΣһλٵΪֵǰָΪ֣ҴˡΪΪܹⷽڵ𡣡
Ԫú˵꣬ļʦܶüͷλǿǴû˵
ԪΪʦ֣Ȼȵķʣʦ֣ҵΪŵӣܷ̻壬̻˵ʵȴûмκһʦ֪ʦƽ˼٣
Ԫúʦô˵ɵЩãΪʦܵЩȫڷλĴڡ
ʦܲصģλһģֲֳ˼飬Ź⣬ׯϲ˼⣬ƶɮʥԱһλ
ԪԪأԪ˻࿴˿ҲͲٶˣȻʦûǵȰ裬ʦҲʲô뾭ѵԹ׫ķҲһ
һʦֵİš
ԪúĵͷȻһԼͽ˵ﻹжǮ
üͷȻ˵ֻмˣ޵ĹģСһĻܹɡ
ôУӽԺǹ
Ԫúһ룬Ȼվӻȡ绰һ롣
ϰ壬˳ɣ
ԭԪôʦ㲻ҿˮˡ
ⶼƶɮӦġ
֪ʦʲô𣿡
ģ׼һʽЩѣϣܹҡ
Ԫú˵ʱ򣬵绰ǱߵЩɣǲ֪ʦȱǮ
ȫʩԸƶɮôҹ涨֣
ϰһ˵Ҿپʮ򣬴ʦô
ƶɮлʦ˿Ԫúн˵ڹ޽֮󣬻ڵǰһ鱮вţտڱ֮ϣúʿ֪Щ˵ƾ٣ӷ𡣡
绰ǱҲһӷ𣬽ž͹˵绰
ʦϰ壬һļʩںҪǮ»ǰĵĲࡣ
֪ʲô㲻Ҫˡ
Ԫúѵ֮Ĵ˼绰ǰĴʩ
绰ĿֻһЩҪǮ
ЩһǴϰ壬ЩϣٵľһЩǮ
һȦ绰ܹԪúļ赽ٶ
Ԫúĥһ£лмټٶǿܹһģԵĹˡ
ԪúǮλ֮ϾͿʼϵʩӣȰʥԱߵļСĵȫˣȻ̿ʼ޽ĿеĹ
Ҫ֪һӿʼ޽ǸһС̣ڳʽ֧£ֻ£һģԵģѾɡ
޽ʱ䣬ԪúҲûţĵ̴ʦһʯʵĹ
ȫǰмǸӵ̵ģڵ̵ʱԪúʲôҲˣͺλ̴ʦһ𣬲ͣ޸ģ˺ôĹ򣬲ȫԪúе˼
ɵһ죬Ԫúǰȥİš
ֻ빩ԪúеͯУͯŮ̷
ڴܣм𻤷ڻ
֮⣬ڴǽϻྫıڻЩڻԪúдӡУ¼ժȻ˻ɱڻġ
ЩڻǹɵḶ́һһΪеһǸСۡ
Ԫúվڴ¿ϱߺһģһ֪ôģ;һƽʱ꣬һһ˲ȫİ
˴ʱԪúиӵĿ϶Լмģһ
ʱĴͽȴЩʹ졣
Ϊʲôأ⻹ΪԪúѾˣٹ¾Ҫ鼫ˣڹϣҪʲôѰЩĵȫĹˡ
λʦȥô֣ģһտˡ
ͺоȰȰԼλʦȥˡ
Ԫúиոմӹ߳ӭԼĴͽ͡
ԪúпλͽЩ˳ʱΪԼЩǮ޹ͽܺԼ˼ء
ʲôǰкʩ𣿡
ȸʦ˫ֺʮһ񣬡ͽͼʦ
лֱ˵ɣһҪ졣
ʦʱеЩá
Ŷʲô𣿡
⼸ǼλʩҲûµݷȥеǻ
ԪúʵѾ֪ԼҪǮΪѾüʩЩ⼸һҲṳ̂£ǶԼʾ
ԪúжԴҲϣΪ˸
뷨УֻҪ޳˹Ȼڹй˹һĽ䵽ǰ£ôھͻӵ⼸ʩԺҲٴŵġ


104 
˵ߣϾҪʼгݹĴͷᡣ
˵ʱһֱעµ㣬Ȼڵۣȴһֱڰ¡
Ľĵȴ£ǵȵϾҪдͷϢ
һõϢһװİ뿪˵ۣڰ¸һӡ
ڹһ죬Ԫúټеɮ£һʢķᡣ
ǰۿͽҲڹ⼷ɽ˺
ȴûд֣ڵϵʱϥĬ巽ۣ̫ϾԪʼ̫ָﻯȥΣѣԱ΢顣
֮̾ʹͷֳһ̣һ뿪壬̾ڰγһ
Уֱ⣬ɫ顣
ϸۿĳ࣬ͻᷢ±Ϫ㼸һģһ
֮У±ߵ˵ͷҲ˵һλһ뿪ڵӣֱ¡
ƮƮܿͽ˰¡
ڰ¸ովʢķᣬȻƣԸڰڲͣǻ
̸ոս£Ͼ͸оһѹҪѹ¡
ͷһʱȫͬһдעӣЩԸʮֵ˳ӡ
һûЩеĴİģЩԸԶĿʼżķ
ЩԸȫûֵģʱƾͻʧ
ڰлһԲܿʹӰµĺһνڣ֮˸˹ڡ
ڵĹȻǵƻͨǰȻûжϡ
̽ڣϾֳԭΣǺʹ֮ܵĹһģһ
ֻķϱߵĹ񣬿˿¶ЦݣȻһˣͺΪһ塣
ڲԶ֮УűʱͻȻ۾ӻȡһģ֮䣬Լͭӡϼһ
һ֮ôˡ
߸ո귨£һ֮˰µĹڡ
ɹһڹڣ̾͸˹ڡ
ʱڹڵ÷ֻһ˲ͽԼ֮У֮̾;𣬽žһĸоӿͷ
ķ֮ڣĬĬԼĲͬ
ɹķһЩͨ˵ĵĹߣоǿ԰εĹâ۴ڸߡ
ЩֻǱҪľɹĽ٣Ը۽
ʯʵϽ˼ʱڰһɹεԸͻȻһȻ鳲һֱӵľڵĹȥ
ԸǳӴԸӿ룬ķ̾ͽһƮƮľ֮С
־֮Уֻ޵㣬ƽꡣ
ܿʹ޵֮ѹΪоԸĽ룬ԸһЩı䡣
ڸо߷ĸɫǮջѾӵ˲˼ĵز
Щ뷨ǾԸԽԽʢ߷Ը񣬻ԽԽͽеλ
Ҫǣλķ˵һģԸĸı䣬Ҳ᲻ԾӰ쵽ı塣
˼ʱڹڵĹһη˱仯
Ÿ֮ͣĻۣڹķδȻγһ
γɣ֮֮УȻγɾķŷ۵ĵڡ
ʱϵĹ޾иоĹ˸Щеҫۣеİ
ѡһűȽҫ۵㣬̽˹ȥ
˳ڤڤеĸоһ˲һ֮С
һλڷǰͣĳݡ
һٵһ˲䣬λźǸоʲô̧ͷܿ˿ȻûпκεȴоһĿԼϡ
λȴûκεĺµı飬¶˰ЦݣΪоĿ֮У޾Ĵȱ
ĿͶϵĹҲһ˲͸оŵ뷨
ֻǹһָȻһ㣬ȻһŽɫĹâŵͷ
λֻԼˬк࣬һֱĥĲʹھȻʧ١
λףǷ汣ӽ񼣣Ͻڵϣ֮еʥߵס
ŵĹݣһ֮γɣȻһѸٵ뵽˹ڡ
˵ͷĿջص˹ڡ
ڲԶ֮е㣬ڵĸܷǳ棬壬һ֮ŵı壬һڹڳɷĹ
˼룬Щ˼֮ͬʱֱ˴ˡ
֮⣬۵ķŷҲͨڤڤв˼;ֺش͵ñ֮С
ƾյֵһҪʱֱͨӴ͵Լԡ
ڸոճͣӦڹһʱ䣬ȵȶʱʱٴγɽʱ
ڶ죬˷Ȼ˳»صԼĵУ̫ҽּ
֮żΪϹոճ͵ʱڤڤеõһֽǾڵķʼûԾ֪ɼҩڵʱˡ
νĴҩһ㴿Ŵҩ뵤ԴҩΪģȫķγһöԲڵ
ڵոγɻǽ𵤣ΪڵлǴҪֱڵɴ𵤡
ص֮̾͹ؽſʼҩǰ׼
𵤴ҩɲܹɼģϵһ˵ľ
Ӵ֮ʹŲÿԼĴϣƽľĬĬĹ룬Ϊʱʱܹһٳɹɼ
һ죬ʱһֱҹʱһֱǲԲ
ʱչʱԼľʼۣϾʱǳȻ־Ѿ۳һţôҲ޷γɴҩ
ЩżҪ֪ž񣬿ʱеĸҪǾʹʧܣôʱҪһ
ҧҧڤڤпʼӦʮĹ
ǹһǱ߾˷ӦֻλһӴ֮Ծ˳ϴŹ
Źһ̣һŽӲӵķŷγɣֻķһףŷգۼķĶŶ룬ֱӵĵ֮С
ŷļ룬ľͻȻϱǣȻٵתȻγһνɫҺҺĶŻ˳žµ


105 ڵ
ССҺ˳žһõ㵤ڵķ̾Ϳʼһ˲ΧССҺʼת
תԽԽ죬еʶʼѹܿ죬Щʺ۵һ㣬͵͡
˷Σĵﴦγһλεİɫ衣
Ǵ˵еĽ𵤣˵ΪʲôǽɫģΪһβҩڵľ٣޷ĳΪ׿ľת𵤡
ֻڵ͵Ŀʼʱ䣬Ҫͣ۾ڵ֮Уʱİڵǿڵͻγɽɫɾͽ𵤡
ȵȫ͵ʱҲ˾һɾԭ֮ʱ
ڵ͵˲͸оԼͬˣֻԼԲʮɵķΧڣеһжƿ֮С
֮⣬оԼķ͵ıǣ֮䱾ϡھͺ޾һͣĹ뵽Լ֮С
˽һСʱƽ
ΪһнʱͻȻ֮ʼ͵Ծ
Ⲣ˵ԭ壬˵ĸоͣţѾά磬һ޷޷ʱͿռ֮С
оǿʶ壬ڿռƮ
Щʶʣֵǣܸоεġ
ֵʶССԹѾЩظ
ҪʧֵĸоеʱͻȻ֮ռһâȻֱӾʹϣֱӾͰ־硣
ٴѹʱֻû亹
Ǹոճ͵ڵȴЩƮһνǲ֪Ŀռ䣬ķǳľ޴
Ȼľ޴󣬵ȴޱȵϲ
ΪղڤڤнǸռ䣬ʶ壬Ӧþǹɾʥ
ڵʶܹǸռ䣬ҲζԺеʥм򵥵Ľ
ǰЩ̵ĸڵ֮󣬱㱻ΪˣܹʥӦþ
ļ죬˵УԼľ磬Լһڵĵ
˵ڰеλ
ڸտʼʱͽǺܶ࣬ʱƣԽԽţڿʼڹгλ
ԭΪܹٵĻ֮ʹķǾǵǰݵˣڶԷһ⡣
ʵûʲôãȴܹͽֳʹͽڹԽϡ
տʼʱЩͽԼμûж⣬Ϊֻ˼ҹΡ
ʱƣֻҪαضֹЩͽǻһȴԼߵҲԼһ
һ¿ɲˣ̾˺䶯˶Ϊǹ飬˰еĹ絽𲻶ϣͽ
Ҳ򣬴׬һ֮
֮ôż׬ȡ֮ҲΪոճͣǳȱ֮
ڵĹҪ˵ҲֻǵеһԱҪҲܳΪһһo
ڵʥѾΣ޼ɵİķΪ
Ȼһλȥˣһ죬һ˳ΪɡǱķΪܹٵֻǼ֮ռ
Ҫ˵ѽŰ¹Ϣʮ磬ԽԽǰݣ֮ٵľۼ
Щ֮ۼĺǣ߷ԽԽֻֻʣ´ȱ֡
Դ˲ûʲôģΪ㣬ȴǹ
˹ԸȻһЩӰ죬ȴҪġ
˹ԸѸٵת֮⣬һеϲǾ֮ľۼڲ֪֮УȻһƬССĹ
ƬȻֻʮɵķԲȴ޾Ĺ
ЩŲǸַģʹƵġ
֮⣬Ƭ֮лмķͶеһ¡
λµĹ˫۵ʹͻȻ֮оʲô˫Ŀա
λĸо֮УͶ뵽ľ֮ϡ
Щȴûһģһ͡
ҲЩиоǱĴڣָоǷǳģǹıһֻһо֪Щģη
˳һȽС߸оȥֻһ˲䣬Ϳ޾ľ룬һŽɫʶ塣
ǰ̽ΪȻоʶг˴ȱǿҲùоŨŨв
ʶҲо˹ߵĵֻͻȻһȻһƲʶľͱ뵽ʶ֮ڡ
ȻͻȻжһǽȴƽûκεĲΪҲ֪ǲڤڤеĸӦ֪Էֻ⣬ûе⡣
ʶĲǽʶ֮ڣֻʶ֮ڣȻһƬʮ﷽Բľ
龻֮ϣо֮˷Ĳ֪бܡ
⾻룬һλɮ£λɮȫûзųκε󣬲ֻͶĿ⣬;оλ졣
λɮ¶Цݺڤڤеһ£Ȼзš
ӷ޹
Ȼ֪λɮµգҲԼСǸһջĿ⡣
ջĿ֮ҲǸеʮֵ𾪣񷨹Ȼ
Ȼ˵ִͽǳĶ࣬ȻơҲû뵽Լֻո۳ɹ̾ӵͨѾǿ˷׵ı߽磬ʥķ롣
Щ֮⣬ڷصĸַͨڶʩչһ˵ͨͨͨͨ
⼸ͨ㶼޵ķΧʩչֻͨ©ͨڻǲ֪ԡ
λȫǿ֮ͨλȥģһʧȥ֮λͻἯ۵λ½
ڶ÷˵ҪľǱԼ֮ȶͬʱΪԷһܰеϣȫڰС
Ѿ˸ֻڻûҵʵѡ
ڴ֮µļԼı֮ϡ
ڵڵʱѾµȶ
ˣѾ»صȥˡ
һִʱɲ̣ǰǰѾʱ˲֪һߵȶѾôˣ뿪ʱ䣬㻹Щ


106 Ů
˻뷨̾͸д˸绰Ͼһ磬ֲ֪೤ʱ䣬ҪͼкȻĻĸҲԼҪżŪûֵǷꡣ
ཡཡཡ
ӣʲôû¾͹ˣ⻹æء
ȱңȱңҪ˵һ
¿˵ҶǶүүҪġ
С𣿡
ջ
ڵ绰ԼŮظĸˣЩģҪ˵ѾкóʱûмŮˣҪƭ˵ġ
ȻǼ˵ɣͻؼҡ
˵֮͹˵绰̾Ϳʼʰ
ȰѶʰôɰŷԼҪ²ôףΪûһĵۻԼУǿҲһСʱ
Ҳȫûа취Լûег
һ绰ʹûаСʱһͣĵſڡ
ųɿػصԼסСС
Լ¥˳˾֮󣬱㱧ŰȲ¥ȥ
ǰڿ㶵˰ҲûͳԿףȻһԴԿ׸ղߵļڵ۵ķˡ
ûа취ֻǰˡ
ˣˡߴ˽Ų
ŷű㱻򿪣ӳһװۣʮС
С￴Ŵŵ۵˰Сһ۵һͿ˳
С˵ȱߣĴȣҲ뿪ˡ
ʱҲæǰסСڻУıҲ档
С˺ѷεĿܿ;˷ڵˣĸӳ˳ȵվڷſڱŮ㣬ܲһ
ҵ˭أԭСӣһ
˵֮ǰҪ㻳еŮ֪СﱧĲӾͲ֣ζûд㻳жŮ
㱧Ů˼ţȻɳϣĸʵôͬ⽫ͻ
֮ôʣΪԴԺû÷ǹүү̵ļš
ŲĶЩҪָ㣬ԶҲŮˡ
ô£
һȥǸŮ˵ˣҪٲѷͻסһʱ䣬ҾͰϷͥ
Щ죬֪ԸģѵССвЭ
λ֣һȥ˵Ǳ߾ͬˡ
㱧Ůһ룬ʲôں֡
TŰͽԼģҲֻˣصвһСС꣬Ӧֵ
ڶְֺޣԼȫˡ
޵ؼ޿ײ룬Լߵ̽ӣһһ¶صС
ʱ׼ַȵյһ죬صĻǻԼڡ
˵ʵػЩԼִһЩ黹Ҫ֡
ͨЩ֮Ͼ¶ɵЦݣȻĸ˵ʲôԭֻҪǷ˾ͺá
⻰˵ˣֻҪҵıŮˣʲôںͷ
Ұأô
϶æأÿϾȥ㳡һȺ̫̫裬ǲġ
Լĸ׵ĻŨŨζ
飬ҲҸ׿ѡ
㻳еķͻȻʵְ֣ôôѽ
ԭղŵʱ򣬾ΪĴùŮûϳ
ְǹҪϰǮһҪġ
ְ֣ʱΪʲôϲȥҺѽ
ְϰ࣬ʱͻȥġ
ƭˣ֪ѾˡһСƵģ㷭˷ۡ
㵽˶֪˵ʲôˣڵСôôʲô֪
⼸һһ𣬰ְ֣һɣȻĻҾûмˡ
˵ʱѧУЩĸֿĺӣҲЩ¡
£Աǰְֺ趼ģʹ֯˼ͥҲǵĹԱģ˵ǻаְ𣿡
ְ֣Ҳȥȥ½ˣܲܺ
Ůεҧҧ˵ȻԣֻҪ㲻鶼ְ֡
Ѿ¶ģŮкԼһ뷨ҲŮȥ
겻ʶ࣬ͱԼʹֶˣʱ᲻ɡ
¶֮󣬾зһʯͷʱΪһ˿Ҳȫʧˡ
磬ĸΰһͦ˼šսţӭľ
ųףΰԣñᣬȻϸĿ˿·ûʲô쳣ŵͷ»ȥˡ
ΰվﲻκε춯ֱŽ˳һ
㱧ŮŸ׵Ǳ࣬ٺٺٵЦ˳
ΰתͷЦˣ̾
СӣЦʲôǲû򣿡
Ȼܺ¸߳ŭæŮɳϣȥӹϵ·ǽϣȻֺõ˵үӣôҳЦأⲻǷղ˵ЦҶЦĲС
ΰ˶һۣǲмһתŮʱϵ̧ͷƶЦˡ
벻үүѽ
롣
ţҵıŮá
˵֮ΰɳǰһӾͰŮȻڿת˼ȦڿҲһЦ
Էʱĸһ߸Ůιһ߿ʵҪ޸ˣӺܿͻˣ˵Ůô죿
һ߼Ųˣһ߲ΪȻ˵ղҾ͸˱֤ˣ÷뿪ǣġ
ϲûκηĵɫǸƢͬ𣿡
ΰĸӵĻһ룬ͻȻ˵ǻǰһ£ʡõֵò졣
֮Ĭһǵ˵ͷ
ðɣ극Ҿϵ꣬½ˡ
ΰ˶ӵı֤ʮַģ֪ԼӵƢҵЩ֡
Ҫһȥʱи
ԶԶԣһȥԱ߼æӦҲǲԼĶӡ
ûҪɣԼˣڼҵϢɡ
ӴЩ⣬ֹ˼䡣
ΰ̾һǲò֡
ϱʱҲΰ޵ģǿԼĶӲһģһԸǿӲϱܹѶӴһ
ʿԸǿӲˣ˼ԵһͿ϶ˡ
ðɣǾͲԤˣҪиףβܳģĻڿûˡ
ģںǰͬˣôҲʶϰ壬û·ϡ


107 ˫
ΰñ֤һǰһʱûļʮҲͲٿʲôˡ
緹֮ԼŮȥ˯¥绰
绰ܿʹͨˣһߵһߵ㣬ŵ绰ǳĬ˺óʱȵ˵
ʱ㻹ðɣ
˸¹ıǰЩ
˵㵱˵ʿˡ
ڷԣⲻǶ𣿡
绰һߵĻüͷ壬ΪڻǰأǰȻǮ٣Ը̤ʵ
ڵȻıǰˣȴ˿ɹƭ顣
Ҳٺ˵ˣʲôֱ˵ɣ߻顣
˵˸ˣϾҪˡ
ţҺͽܿ˾ϾͰȻŷһҲܸһõĻ
Ҫһŭֱš
ϣ¿ǣǾ÷ġ
ǱߵĻǿӲºûκιϵҪסǷļ໤ˡ
ǰ㣬ôһ̾ͻƿԣڵѾ˵Դ滹棬ʶˡ
ȻǷļ໤ˣ㲻Ҫˣ໤ǿԱģʱ㡣
ôѵܹ˺ӵδѷиٵʿ𣿡
Ǻǣʿٵʿܿͻ֪ˡ
˵ֱ֮Ӿ͹˵绰ʱѾһɷ
¥ͣһƽϢһԼ飬»صոտţͿԼϰִˤ˳
һϾˣϰһֱţ͵Լĵ绰ѽ
ΰԼ𴩣ûκεİûڵı飬ȻĿһ£ȻʵôǱͬ𣿡
أ
ΰûػյ˦һ¸첲
ʱ͵þ͸øһĻҲʧȥĸȨ
ΰıԹҲʮֵĺڣʱԼôģ˵ʲôʹӦʲôء
ûа취û취Ļһȥһܡ
֣ˣҺܿܽ
СӿҪˣʱ÷뿪ǡ
û⣬֮Ҹ𸴡
˵仰תͳš
ΰں߽˼ҲûĻظֻ̾һؼȥˡ
һֵ֣ĽȴûԼλãӾԼĹ¼š
ָо֮ԼӲʧȥŮ
һȻֱ׵ꡣ
ֻ֮һֻŸ
⣬ֻмС֧Ӧ
ͣǼСɨһۣԱʹ˸ɫͲˡ
ڽʱҲˣ֡
㼸Աߣһƨԡ
ɨһۣüͷ壬ǱʵôˣüͷɽһѵʲôΪѵ£
˸ˣܿͻ
Ƿô죿Ҳһ𣿡
ҸղŸ˸绰˼Ӧŷһ
üͷҲʲô˼ɣ
¿ֻ²Уη뿪
ãӺֵҸʦǺ˾
ҡҡͷȻ˵ڻûǸʱֵ¡
¾ֱ˵ĸʲô
Ĭһ£ȻЩ˼˵㣬ȥһǸʲôļƬҪǾ͸ˡ
ҪЩʲô
ͲҪˣֵܾͰҰ°ˡ
û⣬ֲǷ飬ȥȼ죬ܿͻϢ
⼸ڼסϢֱ͵С
֪ˡ
㽻֮󣬱վ뿪׵ꡣ
ϣٴθشȥ˵绰
æʲôûµĻһԸ
лʩˣû飬ȹһʱʩɡ
绰һߵˣеĻ¶΢Ц
λˣԼˡ
ãҾ͵ĵ绰ˡ
ڵ绰һߣ˼οڣ˵ԼҪ󣬡ʩƶһæ
¾˵ʲôϵõ𣿡
ʩ֪˻ģֻһŮҵǰʶһˣҪҵŮ޵ȥ˵ʵǲͬ⡣
˼ǣ
ҵ˼ǣܲʩ棬ʩѹŮĸȨתҵ¡
֮۽ǶЦݣֻҪԼˣôԼĹϵ͸ˣһԼ£ȫİˡ
ҵʱʲô£ԭС£͵ҵϢɡ
ع绰֮һ룬͸ԼĶӲ˸绰
㵽һ¡
¹˵绰۾ԼôܹĽ
֮Ķ³칫ҵűˡ
ɡ
صĻϾͱ򿪣һļУ߽
֣ǽԴСĿʽİţ㿴һ
ɣһٿ
ļڸ׵İ칫ϣ˰칫ϡ
֣ҿ¡
۾ƣĶͷ
ʹˣ岻ˣûʲô¡
ǰ֣ʲô£
ЩǰæҾòʲô¾ʹӦˡ
ҲǳģǱʲô¶
ǰ𣿡
֪˵ǻһŮ
ţͳŮϣǰ˸ҪҪŮߣǲͬ⣬Ǹ취Ů
֮Щüɲð죬ǰһڵʿǵֶΣвգ׾ܰס
ƫƫǰ˸ˣһĻֶξòˡ
ҲΪѣжѣһҪá
ðɣҾ˺˽Ӵһ£ܴܲǰ޷Ȩ
ţá
뿪׵İ칫֮̾ͰԼ
ܾҡ
ͥ飬ǲ㴦ģ
ǣܾҰģǲЩûаã
ڰ֣Ȼ˵£мҪȥ졣
ܾԸ
ȥӴһǰ޺ѣǷŮļ໤ȨҪʱǵͷ
ǣܾȥ졣
ڰ֣Լȥ
Ǹת뿪Ҫŵʱֱסˡ
һ¡
ϽתصǰķԸ
ҪʱԶЩǮһǧǧҪںҪǾǷ໤Ȩ
ֱ֮էܾ࣬ʲôϵȻܾĴֺá


108 
˵ǰ꣬ʱ˵ҵ˫ա
ҵ棬ѾһССǰ̨ΪƵĸܾ
鷽ھƵ깤ʶڵѣ˽ܿˡ
λܿ˶飬ҴһӣȫĲ⡣
Ҫǽܿ˵ľû㲻ڷһС˾һĹһҪĹۡ
ͽܿ˿˵ͣⲻһǸߵһ͡
һ߳Էż۽ǹػһۣԱߵ˿Ŷ顣
һЩƻյˣüȥأԱ߹һˣֱӾǲԱߡ
ܿ˶ƻյ˷ǳŭ˿˿Ȼð˵Ѿûλˣ㵽ĵط
Ǹ˲ûվ뿪ЦŶ˵С㣬Ƹʦ̸ӵĸȨ⡣
걾Ϊҽܿ˵ģһʦϾɫ
ӵĸȨǹңҺҲûʲô̸ġ
С㣬ϾǺӵĸףҪԶȥӰ캢Ӻ͸׵Ľϣٿһ£Ĵ˾Ļ˫á
˶ԷвûκεЭᶨ˵ҪӵĸȨǾȥԺɡ
ܿԱߣǰѻѾ˵زûбҪ̸ȥˣǾվԱߣļ򣬸԰οԼ֧֣ȻվһԵǸʦ˵ˣںӸȨ⣬һύǵʦģʱ֪ͨ㡣
λʦûվֻǺЦĿˣȻ˵ϣǻǿһ£ֻҪСӵĸȨԸ򡣡
־ͳһþǱ˭˽⣬û뵽Ҳƴˣһھ
ٶǮҲ޷Ů
㲻Ҫˣ˵򣬾ǧҲܡ
λʦ仰֪λŮʿѾģǳٶǮԷҲЭ
Ҳپʮкվͽܿ΢΢ľһǵĽˣʮֱǸ
˵֮ת뿪˼ͻȻվסֻعԽܿ˵˵ܿҪĹ
ʲô˼
ûʲô˼ֻѽܿⳡͺսһǧ򻯣ϣСġ
ʦ˵仰֮󣬾ת뿪ˡ
ܿ˺˶ⳡϴˣѾ˶ԷŨŨв
رǽܿһЩõԤС
С˾ҪĹһЩݳƷЩݳƷʵľһӡ
Ҫǣ۵ݳƷǲȡһĹһߵĽ̳⣬ôĹ˾ͻᴦƲıԵ
Ϊˣܿ˻Ǻеģʱѹȥʱı仯
ʹTһߵˣҲܹӵĸȨ
⵹ǽܿжôԣǸղʦ̬ȳ׵ļŭ˽ܿˣĵװ˵Ľķ顣
ͽܿҲûٳԷˣǸˣ˳⳵ص˾Ƶꡣ
һ˷ţ͵ǵ˵û뵽ڱӡ֪ȡʲôж
ȷʵЩǣǰ㣬ֻǸҷϣôвԼҲϡ
ǿڵļƣֱӾ˦򣬲ܹǲʦвԼʱǴʲôӦЩ
ܿ룬Ȼ˵ʱ뿪TУĹϷȥ¿г
ѵTеͷƴŴ򿪵ľ档
ܿ˻ǷǳǵģTе⣬Ȼ˵ȽϿϧûзӦĻҲʧСһ㣬ȥԷʹСֶΣǿʧ͸Ӳˡ
Ҳûбİ취ֻͬˡ
ʲôʱߣ
һɣҰTнһβ̾ͳʡҹζࡣ
ðɡ
˵֮겻ľͿ˽ܿ˵ĻУҲˮ
ܿ˱꣬ӣжʹϧ
ڵڶ죬ܿ˸ո𴲻ûгţĵ绰ͽӶˡ
ܿ˽֮󣬲֪ⶼĽģֻһǾʱֹͣ
ܿڷЩ绰֮Ѿɫ࣬ˡ
һУʧǳĴЩķܶṦһ
һԵ꿴Žܿ˻æȥڻУȻ˵ʵڲУȥһܣҲа취
ܿһ⻰ŭˣ˽ˣһɫеĶħͿˣȥǲͶ
ԲУҾƲҲ뻢ڡ
ô죿ʵڲеĻͰѷĸȨˡ
ѵ˵仰ѺŮǰʵѡƽбһߡ
ܿĻһ룬⵹һԽܵİ취һ룬ڶԷвԼЭ޷ܡ
ʱǲҪᣬǻȵϷ¿гİһǰ˳
šҸİͷѵĻС
Ȼܿ˵Tг׵군ˣǲûЭǿʼʰ׼ȥϷ
һضֶҲǷǳŭھҪ뿪ĵ£̾͸ĸĸ˵绰һ׼ԼϾȥӷ
ʱֳģ֪Ҫ֮ŭֱǧɡ
ѷߣȻĻԺǿ¾ûˡ
˵ô죿ϾǷĸףĺϷ໤ˣҲûס
һ£Ȼ˵⼸ȴ㵽ҵǸСȥǾҪӷҲüĹ򡣳⼸취
˵ʱѾ¶˾ģҪ˵ɫҪʱԶҲֱȥǵϵۡ
ΰ֪ѾɱģֻΪҪŷ㼸졣
ҲֻˣھʹŷϿߣһһ˱ϣǾ߲ˡ
š
ӦһȻתͷȥֺĸ˵Ͽȥ׼һЩ·ھ뿪
һϽվʰ
ȣһ绰
Ұô
Ѿˡ
Ǻãлˣ㿪Һͷ͵ȥ⼸ȶ㼸졣
ûϾףӦֳ⣬ȻĻҲŮ
УϾͿȥ
˵绰֮󣬼æصаŮʰ
Ůһʰһ߿ʵְ֣Ҫȥʲôط
ְִȥҹĵط漸졣
ĻҾûѧˣҪ¹ΣᱻСЦġ
ʲôְҺôҲǴѧȵ˵طְֽ㣬֤ÿſһ


109 
߸ոոʰöһѾų¥¡
ŷһ̵ľܻԼĵۡ
ȵոŷſڣĵ绰ˡ
õ绰һġ
ιʲô¶𣿡
һߵѾЩܻˡ
Ҹ㣬ϿҰѷͻҪȻ̱ȥη
꣬ڷһᰲʦ̸ģûбҪⳳˣɡ
˵֮͹˵绰ȻŷԼĵۡ
һСӣ뿪ҵʱѧϰ⣬ȵİĵطϾͰѧУԺ
۾תͣɨСۡ
ְ֣㹤ĵطôûѽ
طֻаְһڹ
ǰְһܼįࡣ˵ʱ۶ͬ顣
ӣû취ȻŮˡ
ŮԼķС
סķһ˵˯һҲܹӵ
ٰźŮ֮ó³ǰԼǸŷ⣬һԭǼƬϱнܿ˵ĻյϢ
΢΢һЦⶫϾ͸һ
ϵʱŮɽµĿұһȻڵƹ¸Ůѧϰźŷ˯ľ
ȵѾ˯֮ĸǺñӣȻŵĳԷ˵۵ĴԱߵһСӡ
СУһЩ׼µĵߡ
Ȼǰں˹֮󣬷鱦λ
ְ֮ƬԼ֣ܿ˵Ƭͳȫ鱦֮¡
һͽܿһɫʱҪǵ׼ʩ
ŷȻҪȴãܡ
һ㣬¯ϣ̳֮ǰͣߵݡ
һվȡһֻľһ߻ľһ̳ǰԪ
ͻȻ֮оһִϢʼٵĸ
޳ڵڸֹĽٷǳУһоϢĽ٣֪ˡ
㽫ľ˹֮ϣϽ䣬ǽɽȦֲֻֻͣı仯
һվԶʼ䣬䣬ͷϣƣʹѣʹֱ׵Ľʹúܣһգһ̫Ͼ
߱ͬʱпʼŽ䣬ȦͽܿͷԽԽ
ʩչʱ򣬼ʮTеľƵ֮У˯ͽܿͻȻ;ͷϺһƤףԽԽ
տʼʱֻǾܣ֮İο䣬ûзϡ
ǽͷ­ĸоԽԽǿ󣬵ֻʹ̣ͷǹǺҪһ
ʱ˿ЩˣǿʹҴҵĴ·뿪Ƶֱ꣬ҽԺļҡ
˻ŻææҽԺ֮󣬼ƵҽֱӾ͸ǿCTȼ顣
һȦȴûκε⣬ͷȴԽԽͲشˡ
ҽװģֻøǴֹʹϣܹʱǵʹ
ǿЧֹʹ룬ȴ˲κεá
ҽҲûа취ˣֻܰڼҹ۲졣
ڽܿǷˣҽԺرչˣҹ˼λרҹ
߰˸רܿ˵Ĵǰһļ飬Ȼ˽ⲡ飬ͷǴû
ڵĽܿѾʹ۵ֱͷǽײ֫ڴϵĻĶˡ
һרһ취ЩĲ飬ҽޣҽ
һרҿܿ˵ӰҲ鲻ʲô⣬ֻҽˡ
һְ֮ҽԺҽƵר뵽˽ܿ˵Ĵǰ
λרȷʵб£һڽܿ˵ϣͷֽܿ˵塣
רҰ֮һ룬Ȼ˵ⲻǲ
һ˵꣬ļһҽרֻۣⶼʲô˻ô˵ǹֵġ
λҽרҼǼţֻ޸п˵ԭҲŵģʮǰιһͬĲ
ŶǸôˣ
ǸȻλһȴʹʣҽַˣȻûκãˡ
ܿҲǾййȫܹ⣬ҽ⻰ǿʹ˵취
ûа취ҿ㻹һʲôˣȻⷽ취ɡ
ܿ۵ĶˣﻹЩ⡣
ͽܿһֱʹ̫ʱͷϵʹŽֹͣ
ʱѾǴˮ̳һ·Ѿʪ͸ˡ
ⷬĥѣһЩ뷨˺Ǵε绰һǺݺݵ˵ˣʿٵʿơ
һ뵱ʱĿѵһε¼˵ֵ
뷨֮̾Ͳͨĵ绰
㣬ǲĹҺͽܿͷ۵ģҽԺһޡ
ʱ㣬һֻһźŮԷ
˵ʲôѽڸʮǧٳʲôҲֲͷϰɡ
걻Ļû˵ˡ
һŻһ¿Ȼ˵㣬ȻˣǻѣûбҪֵôɣ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôˣ߻£ˡ
˵ֱ֮Ӿ͹˵绰
ʱֻޱȵˬ죬겻ţ겻бôڻͷˡ
㻹׼ôŹ׼Ÿһܣֱܲˣٺ˵顣
ȺŮ˯˾ȻһǸСƫʼһʩչ
һ׳귨֮Ͷȥ˯ˣһߵͽܿ˿ˡ
ǵͷʹȻڶұ컹ҪѸ͡
ڲ֮УʱѾˣΪûʲôˣոոһ£ɽʹͳˡ
ҿԻлʿչˣ۵Ҫײǽʱ߰˸ʿһӵϣ°ڴϡ
ļСʱȵɫʱʹʧ
һľӵήҡ
ڲлһ˵һĹǽô죿
ĹˣĹЩǲǺ˽⣿
һĿЦѧôʮ⻹ͷһֹ£Ҫ˵Щ˽⣬±ȽܿҲǿȥ
ܿ˿ıָ֪ˣһ룬Ȼҧҧ˵ҿʱ໤Ȩ㡣


110 Э
˽ܿ˵ĻĿǰʱԼ˵Ȩܿ˻ǼֹôھȻȰԼˡ
ܿ˿ı飬໹Щʹͷ­Ȼ˵Ҳһ£ǵͷӦĹ¡
˵ͷҲ뷨
Ƕûκε˽⣬Ӳȥ»һֱͷۣ˵չ˷ˣԼҲֲ˶೤ʱͻ
ܿ˵һɭĺ⡣
ʱĸȨȵһع֮ҺʦһҾͲֻĹ
ֻ֮ôӦˡ
ȻʧȥĸȨЩۣǻ˵ˣڹҲδһ£ôС˹һ޷ӦǶԺδǺ¡
ðɣװģҽȥ̸
ܿĬĬĵͷ
ǵʱӵĵ绰
㣬ţӮˣŮĸȨԸ㡣
ŵ绰¶һ˿΢Цôͨˣ
⣬ô޼ɵһⱨӦġ
˵Щʲô˼ʲôʱ
죬ſڼ
ŵ㡣
˵֮ҵ绰һߵȴæĿ˵һȣҺͽܿ˲ͷ˰ɣ
ǺǣȻкñǻ˵£һᱣǵġ
˵֮͹˵绰
һߵ꿴еĵ绰ķݣǰ޲ҧ㡣
ڹĵ绰ֱ֮Ӿ͸˾ȥ۽ͷ
ʱڰĦԺСķأڽӵ绰ֻ֮һɥ
ĵ绰粻ϾҪɼˣĵ绰ˡ
û취˭Լأֻܹͷɥ뿪˰ĦԺֱʮĵۡ
ĳ˳Ÿ޺õĵ·ֱӾͣ˵۵ſڡ
û˳ֱӾͰѵصõ졣
һ۵Ĵ֨ѽһˣûѵ䣬ŵľȻ㣬Ǹȵķ
壬˽ˡ
Сһȫ˻ȥֻǴЦݰѷһӱ
ˣһһүү̼ҡ
֮һĸˣڿԻؼˡԺҲطˡ
Ƿôˣ
㲻֪˰ְֺңûκεˣÿѧϰ˯Ҳ˱ˡ
֮󣬺ĴЦ˼䡣
СѾͷʮֻõģûʲô̵ĵطֲܲˡ
ŷ˵۵ĴţȻ۾һɨյһʯԣһߺŲˮһ߿飬Ǹоͱˡ
ЩˣߵʯԣֱӾͰˮھ͸ȸˡ
ˣˣˣŵ㣬֪ж𣿡
ԱߵһʯϣһĨ˵ܶ󣬷Ǻˣô죿
εҡҡͷҪϲﻹһûȥɡ
⻹ࡣ
˵֮󣬾סĶ档
ôȥˣǼˣ
ˣѾͬļ໤ȨǾȥְ
٣ôô׾ͬˣԸ񲻿ô׷
ͲҪˡ
ʲôϵ㻹Ҫң
һ£ԼȷʵǣǸҲûʲôҾй¶ȥ˭ţ
˵ʵɣԴǵԺ󣬵õһķҪҲӵʿˡ
㣬ͺ񾭲һ
Ҳûѽô˵ˣ
˭˵Ųš
ı飬ҲʼЩģѵ˵ģ
˵ģûƭң
ʲôʱƭ㣿
϶̾˷ǰŲŲԱߣȻʵǲйʲô
ûؿһۣȻشЩͱˣ֪̫ûôֻǸ㣬йġԺȥʱСĵ㡣
Ƿǳ˽ģЩЩСǮûٵˣԼһ㾯棬ʡôȥ˺
ˣ֪ˣ鷳ǻ𣿡
ȻںӣҲֻεĬĻ˭Լء
ʰһЩȻŷһĳ
ȵߵӵʱĳѾͣļˡ
ʱΰѾ¥ſڣ˺óʱˡ
һĳˣ̾ӵȥһͣȣʹ򿪳ţǵıŮ˳Ȼھ˸߲ҵ¥ȥˡ
ںߵ㱧һ϶ίԼôʧأ
ļȻε˵ŵɣôҲǸСڵġ
˵֮㶼Ц
¥˼žͼŷϴϴˡ
ɳԱߣʱΰȴĲ輸ȻõʵҲˣԽԽûˡ
ЦӣȻϿ˵ϵǰˡ
˵Щûõģ㷼ôˣ
һظȻ˵ҳʲô첻ɵ⣿ȥְ
ΰ⻰¶Цݣô쵣ĵ飬ǰƽˡ
ʱҲŸոϴֽŵķɳԡ
ˣ
ΰϱʻæ˵ˣͬĸȨ
⻰Ц棬ŷһȻ׼ڡ
ЩԴףȻɷ羰ʵǼҾ䣬˳ס˯ǣ
ƲһۣȻֱ׳˵Ѿ˯ǸʰˣӽԺǾǷˡ
̾͸˵һסģ
ΰԱһӣɳѵ˯֣
֮˵ʲôֻĬˡ
ڶһ磬ΰ͸ֵſڡ
֮ΰҲҪΪǾˣĸȨΰ¡
㱾ǷԵģΰһӣڶʿˣЩ׼ҵ¸ʲô
ΰڵǿѹ£ֻǱͬ⡣
겢û˾õȣھŵӵʱͽܿ˾ͳִſڡ
˼ΰ֮Ϸǳѿ
˵ˣǻǽȥϿɣҶæˣûҪⵢʱ䡣
˵ͷȻ˵ԣΪ½ܿ˵ܴܵӰ죬ϣ¾ôȥҪټȥˡ


111 ػ
˵飬㻹治֪ʵѵ⣬ʲôϵ
⻰Ͳһݺݵĵ㣬Ȼ˵װ޹ܿTеоȫԼˣTгһͷ˭һָʹġ
ԼԩˣһСʿôܹôľ̡
תһȦͻȻǰһʱشǸ绰ڵ绰أͽܿʩѹģѵذģ
뷨֮Ͷ˵ȵһ£Ҵ绰һʡ
˵֮ԱߣȻ绰һߵϴȥһ绰ͨˡ
ϰ壬ܿ˵ǲģ
ôǱЭ𣿡
ţѾͬ⽫Ȩˡ
Ǿͺãǽô죿
ԷȻѾ˲ˣô¾͹ȥɡ
ãˣ򷨹ѵǸ˵Ұˡ
üͷһ£ػ磬ֺѽ
Ȼвˣ֪ⳡϵ飬ԼҪԤĺá
˵绰֮ͽܿ˵ǰȻ˵ѾˡѵϰѾȫˣġ
ĸϰ壿
Tмϰ壿Ƿ๫˾ϰ𣿡
֮۾һȻɫͲÿˣֲýܿ˵Tоٲάأԭ˷๫˾
һԵĽܿ˶ĺȴֱӾܾˡ
ѾҪˣǺܿҪȥϷˣϣ´ټʱȻܹƽ¡
˶ԷвĻֻЦЦ
ǰ㣬ȻǲҺЩ˼ӹ˾ϰ忹⣬ô˵ҲеļӵгˣԷȨѵֵܹסĽ
ΰ֣ܿͰ˷ļ໤˱
ٽ˾ͷֵˣӦᣬֱʱһټû˵
ȻϵЩΣΰȴʮֵĸˣӽԺŮչˣҲǰ˼ˡ
͸׻˼֮һ˳ȥ˶ٷȻһȫҸ
֮ԼҪ죬Ҵҵ»ص˵ۡ
׼͵͵Ļ翴һǸϮԼˣӦǲСسоô
ţˣ̾ǣʯָξִʧһλ档
ֵĵطȻ͸Ǵլӡ
ڿլѾǻĲݴӦǺóʱû˾סˣ۵ֱ£úõһլӣķôʱ䣬ҪʰҪǮġ
Ҳûа취˭Լ򲻹˼ңء
һǽһԾͳ⴦լӣȻϳǣȥѰԿա
ﵽϳǵʱ̾ͱϳǽֵҴܵС죬ˡ
ǵͷͷԿͷ»ȥһڽ㣬̴ȥ
ոϳǹûм̾һС죬ǰͷ˵ɣ
һ˽Լ֣תͷһһϻС첻Լʶ
Ŷλʩʶƶѽ
Ȼ㣬ϴԿѾĻˣֻҪڽϼǰȥǰȥ
С˵֮ʹӻȡһᣬȻǰ򿪡
̽һۣȻŻϻһʿĿԼĺ
㻹ǳп˭˵˼ҹŴ㿴⻭ģҪǰһԼƬҲ˶ˡ
ãȻԿðģǾǰߴ·ɡ
ǸСûĵЦݣȻǰһ߸㿪·һ߻ͣĻͷֺ㡣
ûж೤ʱ䣬ԿƽסǸСԺ
СǰԿŵ׳ʵĺ˵үҵˣϿȥͨ
ǿŵĺɨһۣȻǰһæȸһȻһʧ񡱣Žȥͨ
ûж೤ʱ߾һҵĽŲžм˴߳ĳΪ׵Կա
Կһ㣬ǰ͵İסȻĺ󱳡
ˡ
ˣǱס
Կֱ֣ӾԺߣһ߻һ˵ʱ䲻ڣѾǵˣÿ춼ҪسſתһȦܳǰ
ŶѾôˣ
㲻㲻ǸڵѾɣѾõۻķϣѾȥȥˡ
оЩпҪ˵ԼΪĵҲǶѾˣѾҲûʧʱʱ̶̿Լ
Կ˿±ߵ衣
Կղʵҵһ쵽׷ʲô顣
̾һѾеĲ豭·ŵϡ
ˣҲ֣߱һ̵ˣǸ̵ĳǰһɱ
Ŷԭô¡Կպһڲ裬Ȼ˵һǴ򶷵ĳʵ̫ˣسǶѾˣٸΪ²ǸլԺ
Ŷô
ԿӣȻ󻳳ɵ˵Ǹǵ˵˻̫үŷŹ
һ룬Լʶˣˣֻλ˵ķˡ
ԼǶ뺣˳ְæŰġ
һȻ˳֣ôԼ¾Ƿһ飬ԺеĻˡ
ծ˲Ժ˵
ֵܣĻܲɸ˴ȥǸ޵ĵۣҺóʱûѾˣ˵ʵЩ롣
õűˣԴǰȥ
˵֮Կվǰߴ·˳СԺֱǣת֣ǼһģԵĵۡ
۵ſڻ֣Ҳмһոսĵ˵Ѿǲ˵ˡ
ԿտԱ˵ôɣѾСɹÿΪ۷ѾĻˡ
ΪѶѾˣСС;ҪһۣǲסԱ߲ͣĸ̾ͬʱһů
߰ɣſˣǽȥơ
ͷž͸Կս˵ߡ
ߵʱֻ۵ǰԺǺ󣬶ŵ޽Ҳ
Ųͣ˽㣬ӵˡ
Կ㣬Ȼǰһ˴ſ֮󣬴ӵ߿ȥ
ֻϹ񣬵µͽһ򵹷㣬ݡ
ڶԱվһСŮ
ֻŵۣﻹһһֻֻͣľ㣬ģ


112 ͽܣʦ
վڵΪĶѾͻȻеſⱻסˣõĻͷһƳ
ڴſվһλ۵ˣ˶˵̫ϤˣǼҵĸ
㣬ѾҲ̲סˣһ̧־ͰĸľˣȻܵǰһ˵ĻУžͿʼĿ
ס˶ѾæڻУıİοΪ֪ʱ䣬ѾҪԼҪµۣѹӦǷǳģӦйһ¡
ѾôһޣҲ£
ʱۿԺ󣬶ǶѾСţĸǶڶѾСǷǳϲڼ޳Щġ
˺һѾŲ˼ס˿ȻѾͨ۾ܵ˵Բ
ҲϽ򸽽״һףȻ˵лλʱԶѾչˣƶλǸˡ
ѾҲǺ˵лλ岮ҼҵջͲٽӴλˣλԭ£Ҫ
ЩͶǸסľҲǴӸ֪˶ѾĹϵȻǲôžñطǣһЦ뿪ˡ
ȵ뿪֮Źţ´ŶѾ˴
ĵ۵Ĵ̧ͷ˿λʦȴλʦⰵ
룬ӦûоͳĿʽ޷ʦϵԲ
ô㻹㣬ȼ֮󹧹ĸλ㣬Ȼ˼ͷ
Щ֮ŶѾһʵʱ仹ðɣûʲô۸ɣ
ûУԿմʱҷǳչˡ
Ѿ˵ԱվŵԿ¶һ΢ЦǸĽ
ãͺãʱˣ쿪ʼ㼸ٿԣÿ˯һԺ¾ͽˡ
Ѿ֮ҡҡͷҲ˯ģҪŵ£Ҫѧɷ۸㣬Ҿܰ㡣
˷ǳĸˣãѾ־ǴӽԺҾͽ
Ѿ֮Ҳϲ˵ʱһʱˣЩҲһ֪⡣
Ҳ֪ҪзҪзЩķǸŵĲ֮أڵҪԼˣǲǾͰԼԼˣ
뵽ʱ򣬶Ѿһĳվͷ˺ϼ
ɲ֪ѾʲôֻѾĸˣΪԼĹе˷ء
ʱվһԵԿտʱ䲻ˣǾ͹˵ﻹ飬Ͳˣݷá
֪ǸæˣҲվ԰Կ͵˵۵ſڣȻʹҡҡȻ˵ֵܵҼˣԺֵʲô龡ܿԣֻҪܰ쵽ģҾʧ
ԿûЦݸӲã˵ͷ㹰˹ֱ뿪ˡ
Կ֮»صʱѾѾڴˣڴһԵһ䷿˶ѾߵС
˳ȥͷһԭǵ۵ĳѾæǰæĸ׼緹ء
㿴龰ϲɵҲһȻһ䷿һŵӣ֮˵ĵطôĿ
һö߾ʹ˶ѾóԷˣ˯ˣҪȻҪ˯ˡ
۾ֻһжõġ
վһɨֻԶѾһСӣżԼ뷹Ѿӵһ棬۾ء
ѾָֻԭȵĹأֻҪ㲻ӣѾǾȳԵġ
㼱æ߹ȥڵϣӼһӲˣԼǰߵ
ʱѾſʼŷͣǡ
Ѿһ߳Էһ㣬ʲôʱ汾ѽ
ʲôҪѧҵ£ڵеʦûп⣬Իûи֮ϣܹ񣿡
ŻѾЩˣݺݵİ˼ڷ
ѾԴοģǳ顣
Ѿ֮ǿſһЩ۾һתʲô̧֮ͷʵǲҪͽѽ
ȻǶѾԺһɵĿɽˣԺͽܶġ
ҲϲѹûΪõĻˣ˵
Ŷôʦɲѧѽ
ʦ˭ѽ
⻰ЩΣʦִһ˼˺Ƥˣ֣㻹ǾЩ졣
¿ɲöѾ֪ʡԺʦص
ţҵʦһλеĴ£顣
Ѿ֮۾תĵ죬̧ͷźʮִ۾˵˵ҪҲΪʦ㿴ô
˶ѾĻЩò׼ʲô˼
СѾͷʲô˼ʹ˵ĻҿɲӦ
ѾʵЩ˼ҵ˵Ҳôܵҵʦҿҵʦ־Ѿˡ
СѾͷʲôأҵͶܵˣôͲܵʦ
ǲԸ⣬㵱ҵʦ֣ҵʦҾͰһء
εҡҡͷȻԴ˵ðɣС̣Ȼ뵱ҵͽܣǾ͵ҵʦðɣҾʹʦʦá
Ѿñ֤ǷѾƻһˣͷͣİǷҿһۡ
ڳ극֮󣬶Ѿʰ꣬ҲһӣԱߣһһСôɹһ̫ѵõһеʱ䡣
ϣѾ㰲һ䷿䣬ڶѾԷԱߣһԷи紵ݶһ˾̷֡
Ż⣬Ǹ˻ڰֲþͻͻȻϮöѾסԼԣһиԼҲӦ֮˸԰Ъ
ѾȻѵ˯һľʱһֱİΣǳԲ˯ãڻˣܹúЪһЪˡ
ڴϣʼ̫Ҿּ
һʼǿŸոսɵڵͿʼתܵٲһõ
Щڵ֮УһɹϢʼɢֱɢһٶಽֹͣΧ֮ڣȴоضʼӳϡ
֮⣬иֵĹչǰڸоֻҪָһ˶һ˿ߣܹⷽԲٲ֮ڵй
ָо֮һĻϲΪ֪ղԼĹ˽ڣƾԼڵڵ˶Ĺ򣬶ʩչַ


113 
ΪԼһЩԱʵϲʱͻȻо޾ʱλУһڲͣĺӦ
о֮һ㶣Ȼ㾲ϸӦ
㾲ĸӦ˼άܿľͿԽ޾ʱպϵ
ֻһ׽͹֮ΧֻҪһܹԽ޾ʱ˵
ϾˣִĹ۵֮
ͬʱҲӦλãӦþִˡ
㻹Ƿǳ˵ģһԼͻһơ
Ҫ֪λǺԼŵĳ޲һȻ۵֮Ƿǳ󣬵λͷǳߡ
ƾŹʱܹǰԮõ
ڵڶʱԼӣһҹйջǳĴ󣬲ʹԼڵȫ֮Сһϵʱһ˵Ĺ
˼ıϡ
Щ˵̫ˣ߸ոһйһڼǧ֮ķĸ˸Ӧ
ԭһηĸ㽻֣ȻûƷ㣬ȴ˱ǡ
һһ֣ټתйͼ˷ĸϵӡ
һ߷ĸ̾͸оӲĲ
ĸйͻȻ۾վԼԵŮ˵ȥǰ˵̡
һŮӴӦһ˳ɽ
ĸʱȴ˳˼һСʿһβ㱻ԼɱˣھȻĿŵĻʦõʲôֶΣŸ޼ɵ
ĸҲʮֵͷۣһֱµĵǰȥЩɵĵӡ
һԭΪЩһӴ֧ţСģʱϵľͻ
ϵĲҲСװһЩµķܹߣƽ¡
صǸСʿȻûʦǰǰģֵȴм
һܹʹλСʿǳһķǼʱĹصүҲ֧֮Ų˼Ρ
СʿȥΪѾͰ̽ôչǰ̵һС
⵹ǷĸխݲˣѾڤڤиӦǸСʿǰв޴
ڷĸ˼ʱǸǰȥŮӣǰʩ
ĸ߹ĸʾ£ǷӼ
ĸʱŻعȻԸɡ
ŮӴӦһ㹪˳ȥһŰ̽
֮˫ϥ򵹸ĸȻ㹧վһԵŷĸʾ¡
ĸ˺ܳʱ䣬۾±ߵ˵ѪĬصǸСʿֻˡ
˷ĸĻЩ죬ȻʵĸСʿ̳ʮǧǵĹؼʱ̣ҾûбҪСʿȵǴ³ˣСʿ־𡣡
Ƿĸ֮ҡҡͷûô򵥣ղڶзСʿǰرСʿˣڲͣиǰ̵ĸ
˷ĸĽͣüͷ֪ĸرǶڤڤеĸӦʮֵУ̼εĻˣǷĸǰ֪űܹ
ǲ֪ѷĸ˼ô죿
Ƿĸûһ£Ȼε˵ʱ䣬йڹؼʱ̣ܷǰҿһβһˣΪǰ̳˻ˣ
֮ЩɣĸǵĹؼʱ̣̳пҪһӣôǵҪƺˡ
ĸֻЦһЦȻ˵⵹ǲصģҿСʱǱнʱ̳㿴ɺã
˷ĸĻûʲôʾʵѾһʲô˼ѵĸСԼ
ŷĸСĺӵЩɵ
ڷĸǰɲұֳ˷ĸĻæĹʩ˵СʲټϷĸǰָ㣬ĹͻͽٹһʱҪˣִ̳֣ҿǿԵġ
Ƿĸ幪ӦϵЦݸӵĲãԷĸҲеĹ˼ɡ
ĸţ뷨ܹȫΪгô԰˵һ
ĸһ波尲ġ
뵽ĸһԵһŮ˵ȥȡҵĽʨ
ǸŮӲĿ˷ĸһۣͷ˳ȥһŮӾһ߽ɽ
ĸʨȡ˵֮ͽ˷ĸǰ
ĸӹУȻϱĸ˺ܳʱ䣬ЦŶ±ߵ˵ʱķʨӣôһֱԡվͽʨӴ㣬ڻ
˷ĸĻǾϲʦӣ˵ġ
ʨǷĸһɵĵеõĸԴӵõʨ֮󣬾ħж֣ʨӶ˾޴á
Ȼиˣǿȴֳܱ˵ĸջس
Ϊʲô
ʨǷĸķôʹ
ԭ㲻صȻȻǴ㣬Ժȫ֧䡣
ĸ˵֮У֮ȡһͭ͵ʨӡ
Ȼĸʨӱ治ͣĸںͶѸ
һĸͻȻʨӵԴһģһᣬһԣʨӵԴ
һ֮󣬷ĸŽʨ·ŻУȻԱߵŮʾ⡣
ŮӼæӹУǹ͵ǰ
һ£ֽӹУ˻УȻڵأٴθĸͷл
ĸ΢ЦŵͷȻʨͨԣѱȥ֮ҪСļ
ǣĸ
Ȼˣȥ׼һ¾ǰأǸСʿ
һûκεĳɣĸԸվɽ
ĸ΢΢һЦȻڰȥ
ȵ뿪֮󣬷ĸϵ΢Ц̾ʧˡ
ΪʱȨѬգѾЩѬģȥСûа취˳ִưˡ
ڵİ̱Ū˲е뷨͢һܹӶ
Ҫһ취ЩˣȻһɸɾİ̽СС
ĸ뷨֮󣬱㿪ʼỊ̆ڽһʱˡ
һɰѷĸһΪ֮У̵ѸٵʧѾ˲ɿصĵز
鵽һѾǳˣӦⲿʲôУѾע⵽˰̣ԲǶԷĶ֣ڽôʧˡ


114 
ĸ˰̵֮󣬳̾һļƻҪϿˣĻȵǸСʿֽţ¾Ͳôˡ
Ȼǰ̵ķĸһ£ҲڵģŰ̵󣬸Ȩ̸ڣĸѾ޷һԶˡ
˵壬һ»صɽׯ֮Լľ֮Ҳǳüչ
ĸĽϿûʲôδûиС·˼
ȻСԼӣôҲǷǳи飬ǾƾԼڰ̵ĴȨǾ̡
뷨֮ڵϾټļţʼĲá
ڶ죬ûһڴټ̵Ҫ￪ᡣ
Щ̵Ҫ󲿷ֶĵӣ˵ʵڵİڵĹģǰߣЩҵҵ
ҲΪ飬ĸŶ˼ɵΪĴѾԵ˷ĸڰ̵еĵλ
м±ߵĵӿ˿Ȼһ˵ĸǰȥһ顣
˵ʱһԵСһۡ
СͶЩţΪ֣忴Ѿԭˣһĸо
ȴСʲô뷨û˵ǸɱСɷСʿ»صء
Сһ⻰ͰѸղŵоȫ׵Ժ̧ͷʵʦ뷢·ּõǰȥΪ򱨳𡣡
ϴżЦҡҡͷ˵ǸʿЩֶΣھǹҲĶ֡
±ߵС⻰һ룬ǰһʱǸСʿǺͷĸҲ˼УĸҲûץסԼ㱾»治Ķ֡
忴Сһɥı飬ʮֹƵ˵㲻ؾɥΪʦɽһˣ㱨˳𡣡
СĻϾ;һ񣬽žǸжʦԼһı£ʱ̹ԼرһΪԼ𣬾Ȼϧ뿪̳
ϱ߿СڶԼѾǸм㡣
һЩֻҪСԼим֮飬ôԼ뿪ʱ䣬СӦò޼ɵ
ټԼеĲãȵԼӦòԼĿơ
һȻЦŶС˵صãǿһɽ̳֮ʱͽ㴦ã㿴ɺã
С֮оһȻͷҡ˹һɣλʦָʦʱҸϤеʦڣӦмλʦֽд¡
㲻ƴˣļλʦȻ˵Ϊʦʱޣѹ̣Ҳֻã죬̴ְʦΪʦǷĵġ
Сʦһļ֣ҲǿĽˣȴ¶˾ģһҪúõİѰ̹ܺãȵʦ֮һ
緹֮ĻװǱڵӣһ뿪˰̵̳һ·ֱء
һηĸǰȥ鷳÷֮ЮŹصүٶѸݣֻһ˲Ĺ͵ء
һǰûƼı£ر죬Ҫʩչͨصʿǹٸ֪ˣǿû¡
ΪڰӴ󣬹ٸѾͶˣҪǸ޼ɵ»ûлص̣ͻᱻٸĹΧڰ·ϡ
ڰʱҲֻǽ̤ʵһһǰߣȵɫһ·ߵСһ
ҹɫһֻɺףȻ󵱿һףֽƮƮлһֻɺףǰ
ɺ׵Դ΢΢һЦȻͿɺ׵ıϡ
ֻɺһȻգܿʧˡ
˵ǰ鷳˵ص֮̾Ϳʼ׼ʦĿ䡣
ĵѾһʱ䣬ʦĵҲͰ˴ʱ䣬ҲһЩţǰߵݡ
ʦȷʵûп⣬԰²ԱЩţžһʢĿʽʦܹͣڴˡ
ΪʲôҪʦ⣬Ҳԭġ
ִ󲿷־һ򣬲ûʲôʵãֵ磬㲻񿪹⣬ôݵĿ¾Ͳ֪ɻǹˡ
ΪûӦôͺױľа֣㹩Ĳ֪ɻǹ֡
ʱʦûп⣬İǰݣֲѾЩɽˡ
Ϊ˼鷳žĸʦ⣬ʦ⽵ٵ
ھпʽǰһ죬ʹɹһɰܸ𼦣ۼëʡ沼ӵȡ
ڶѾڸеǳãټĴڿʽĵ죬ڶǵǰѾΧ˼ˣ׼ڿʽʱ
һ죬ͶѾԴոµĵۣ֮ǰײͣʩ񣬸лЩǰ
֮ǰæԿյ˱ڣڱУ˸ڵҶϵĺ첼
šۡ־չǰ׵ǰ
ûֶˣֱӾ͸µۼ˵۵֡
µ۵Ĵű󿪣һӵ롣
˵۵Ĵ֮׶ԺаվãʽͿˡ
Ȼǵһֿ䣬Ѿ˹Ρ
ڴ￪ʼоģǵ¾Ԫʼھ鱦˾
ȵ֮վëʵɰȻĴԱ̳ʼλε޲Ϊ棬ëպɰܸѪȻҺ۾Ҳеӿ㣬ʾϣ
ڽþӽⷴ䵽۾ϣ̫ʹܹ磬ʹĸӦ
֮ͽżһͬʱ޾άĿͻȻļͶС
ĿעӣƮʦϣʦܾͷı仯޾Ĺ֡
Ŀ⣬ҲʼԶá
ʦγһֵĶ죬Χ֮ڣѾ޷ʱͿռһУѾȨˡ
ҲǺǵģʦȻ޴󣬵ֻһã޾չ򣬿ʼ۸һпռ䡣
ʹʦܣֻ֮̾У޷һ


115 
Ȼʦܱ˵Уʦ˵Ҳһ޴Ľ
ΪһεĹͣҲõʦĽֻ֮޾άһâͻȻķɳ֮һգۼ֮С
Դ㻹ûκεĸоֻǰʽ˽Ŀʽ
ˣʽϡ
֮󣬾ͽݵʱˣΪ۵ĹȻҪ֡
һֱǴڹ֮ԣӴ·ͽָڼйʦ
ѾΪϵʦãʼ۵Ժæǰæά
ȵͽ˵ʱͶѾ˲࿴һۣȻͬʱһ
û뵽⸽ľȻ˵飬ѵ۵ĴŸ̤ˡ
ʵҲ㲻˽飬һκͷĸɵĹصүһսѾѸľȫˣЩѾ˽һбµĵ
ΪһĿʽЩŹ
Ѿڹ֮󣬺˵һ㼱ҴҵǰȥʼΪǴϳһ緹֮󣬵ҹ仹ˮδ
ҲѵеģԺеҡϱĿ
ʱسеĳзһ⣬һڳǳİУԻһӰ
ֻɫĹͷñбһ鼮Ǳصĳүֻ˫Ŀų˽⣬Զĵۿȥ
ĽǿʢΧʱ򣬾ͺһεϣе̽ӵĿȫʧڲ
üͷĽģڱһ֪ĵۣйoҲ˽ġ
ڱصĳ˵ǷǳģΪΪƹص˶Լo
ڣȻƣҲһЩб
ҲΪʲôһصĳȻܺͰ̵ʥĸݣǰ̵ʥĸҲҹڵĵλүԭ
λڰͣһ£Ǿȥһ˵۵ĸźɢڱǰһ
ڽֵЩˣԳһûκεľ棬ԭȾӦġ
λɵ˶ϵۣƵȥ
۵ĴſʱѾǴŽգǹˡ
λûĵȵ죬ǰŵ۵Ĵžһá
ʱڵ۵ԺУͶѾԷأûڣű㱻õ졣
ѾǳĲ⣬ⶼˣ˭û¸ѽ
£Ȼȥţ˶ѾֻؽʯϣȻ鲻ԸſڣѴŴһС죬Դ̽ȥһ
Ѿһȭͷͣء
ˣˣ˳ˡѾû˵
ǸڲſѾͣת´˶Ѿһ£Ȼ˵λСǸƶոյأɬ޷ס꣬и㣬Ϣһҹ
Ѿ֮ûκεͬ飬˵ˣЩȻб£ȴڶѾЩ˲ƶ˭ƶ
ǹûбķ䣬㻹ǵĵطϢɡѾ˵֮š
Ǹȴְ̧ŵסˣ۶ѾôþҲ˿
Ѿˣ˵ò֪Ѿ˵ˣûطסˣ㻹ʲô
мڶѾҲֻ΢Ц˵⣬Сɡ
ʵҲΣǳүĻӦûκνɵĵطģǵۣȴ޷롣
ֻֻе۵̤ͬo
ʱҲ۾⿴˿ȻԶѾ˵Ѿ˷Լ㣬λɡ
ѾĻݺݵصһۣԼ͵òһεһʱ䣬ͱƻˡ
Ѿ˻ѾҲֻǴ򿪴
λҲ˵֮̾͸оˣĹ͹ĹнȻͬ
һεڲͣʴ硣
ߵĹʮֵǿεؽЩѹ˵С
үоԼ֮Ѿ½һ롣
λүоһĿ飬ͬʱвһЩ֣̿ԼӦðʧôǷ֮ء
֮֮ȻѾˣҲֻƽ̬Լδ֪ˡ
λүƽϢһԼȻŶѾĵط
ѾվԼǰ
үǰһ㣬ֻλȻȷʵòƽƽûʾ޵˵׿Ⱥ
λүүС㣬Ϊǰһʱʱ˺Ǹ̵ʥĸôʱ䣬ܴѡ
λүڽԼеķȫ£˵ĺĴȻŹʩ񣬡ղܣһ壬
ԭǲ׼ϣ꼡
ҽ֮ѾһԼԣλ¡
λлö档
ˣʵδظʲô
ýе֪¼ɽֻ֣Ͷ׿ѣ֮ŷѾˣټɬŲòŵ
֮ͷȻȫ˵ĻԷֻסһҹûбҪٸʵס
Ѿ׼һͷڽϢ
Ѿ鲻ԸվݺݵĵλһۣȻųȥʰ䡣
Ҳ֪ΪʲôѾλʮᣬ˾Ͱķ䰲Զסĵط
һСķ䣬׼õģڵлûʱǿţһضѾֱӾͰλ
ڴЩû׼ˣ˶ѾڵЩݣȻҳЩɵı棬ϲ˯طˡ
ѾԼʰķ䣬ĵͷªλӦüֲ˶೤ʱ䣬һӦþͻ뿪۾ʣ͵ˡ
뵽ʱ򣬶ѾŵǻһЩ
ȶѾһλصԵʱֱָʹţλ׼Щˡ
ѾǴ֪ܾģ֮ص֮Уλ׼Եġ
ҪѾˣ˶ѾֱӾͰʣµķһڹȣôλ˳ȥˡ
㿴ŶѾ˹ʣЩ˼Բ˵С۱ȽƶֻЩʣˣͽһ١


116 Ϯ
үǰʣʣЩüΪ˲¶ݻǿͷ֮󣬾̷ϣٶˡ
ڶ棬ǰλı鿴һתͷݺݵĵ˶Ѿһۡ
Ѿ֪ڹԼȴȫĲںͷ۾ܿϡ
ԷҲˣǱ˵Ҫʲôԡ
λЦŹ˵лĿиסѾܺˡ
ȻˣҲͲ˵ʲôˣöѾŲȥԷԼҲȥԼķˡ
ѾŲˣ͸׼õķ䡣
⽫һɡ
λү˳ŶѾһ֮üͷĺɽһ
طܹסֻһССķһЩݣһЩɵı졣
С»ɣⷿʵǼªҺסһڶҪˡ
طѾˣ㻹ҪסĶǮסùȥ
Ѿ˵֮󣬺ݺݵĵһ£͵ļһĹĵˡ
үѾԼˣƢҲˣҪҪõĴû취ֻǹŶε˲ݶϡ
˵صԼУͰϰ߿ʼ׷
Ҫ˵׷Դڵ֮ѾվٻһԱ񽫣
ֻҪǽɣ¶УʣҲ˻İȫ֤ˡ
ϾЩ콫Ȼ칬ڻңǺôҲɣֻҪǳ֣ӦþͲǺǵġ
붨Ŭ콫òǵԺԼǸӰصʱ
ǸүҲѾ˷ۣŬķ俴ȥ
үȻ˷ۣⷨ۵ȴڵֻ֮࣬ʵĿķ֮˸Ӱ֡
ҲóүŵòᣬΪЩеӰʮֵϤϢ״Ӧ칬
ǣ칬Ѿʱ䲻ϣܹ񼣵ĶһЩЩѾþò˼ˡ
ǶǸô£ߵЩƵӰԾϢ
ûĻӦײı
үвɻôĺľ͸ӵʢֻ͵͵Ĵӷгһ룬ִдһЩˮ
֮¹֮䣬ǣϳ췱ǣǣɱǣķǽ徻ͥ
ոյ꣬еˮϾͳһĲŹˮеĵӰ㷿е龰
ֻⷨҲ棬үԽԽ˺㷿еĿռҲ˱仯
ֻеĵӰУ㷿Ѿ˸ֵשߴ̵һƵ˿ߣЩ˿߾֡
ү¶ЦݣֻҪټһѾܹͨԲ⾵ķţͬʱ׷ݵ칬ȥˡ
ǾЩʱͻȻ֮֮еĹ˱仯Բ⾵޷̽ȥҽĻָһˮ״̬
ȻķԲ⾵ѾˣˮȻǲͣķҪƵġ
ЩˣҪȥԼҪʧˡ
ǳү͵һⲽȻȥеˮҲ˵ϡ
һڵϣˮһأڳүŶϾ˸ղǹ
һҲѱ˸ˣȶѾķĵƣžʹ𴲵
λɲ뱻˷֣һͻصԼǸС֮󣬸ıӣװ˯ˡ
˵Ѿߵ̾𴲣ΪСŮĵӻСͲһ˳ȥǶ߷ŵǸ̳˵Ҫȥʲôһȥ¡
̳еĹӤһֳΣֻðŲɫĹâһӾʹ˶Ѿļϣ֮ŶѾͷͲ
ѾӤŵӴ֮͵׳ŵߵԺУĴ͵һշԺӵһ˵ϣЩˮѾʪ˵档
ѾԱһֻ֣һ룬ϸĿ˿֮ɻܴһ¡
ô£ѵʲôèèˣè֮ҲԼˮѽ
ѵѾ뵽һȻԼϼϵĹӤ
ܿǲ˽Ǽҡ
Ӥ˶ѾķԸһ˲ʹܵ˰УξĵתһȦ˶Ѿļϡ
ѾŶ䣬ʲôһ˵ôûˣѽ
Ѿʵֲףֻ˸ɨ㣬Щ˵ŵ»ȥ˯
ѾոһݣǸүһΰԴ̽ţҿ˿֮ظԼĿ죬ȻĻͱСѾͷˡ
ڳүҵʱͻȻ֮ڰһ
ɺ׵Ľһ֣һһ֣޵ء
ڻԼ¶ʱְԴ˷֮УȫԼϢ
н˼Σžһǹ⣬ֱסС۶
ڵոؼʱƿصһԱ콫ҲѾǰֻҪڼӰٻһˡ
Ǿʱռһ𵴣һͽԼķ䡣
һķ䣬̾ͱһĹޡ
ֻƹԴ񼦣צȫӥצ
һΣһԾµӥצֱԴ
뷿һ˲ѹȵϮԼʱѾȫչ
ڸղչļѾѪڣʱֻԱһŶ޵Ĺ
Ҳûлֻ֮ڵһűվ֮һֻһǸޡ
ҵǽͻȻľͱͨһӰǹ޵ԡ
Ǹ޼ͻȻ˴˹æȥˡ
˲ܣֻѾεץס޵ǰצ
޵˵ǰأֻһײ޾Ȼ޹
޹ȴûţֻֻһ޾Ȼ롣
ӰЩ֮󣬱һԾԱߣԲˡ
ڲŴѪǿĻָҲǷǳգڸղŵĴǼʮĿ๦һҪ콫͵¿ʼ


117 
ŭ֮ûʧȥǣ·ҲֱһԼĴߣ֮һ̾Ͱһ֧ľһԼĻС
õ֮һ
ֱӰ߿ʹԺС
ʱѾҲԺУһۣ֮пȥ
ڵҹУһƵӰƮӰӲʱĴһС
֪ϵ˾ǸղϮԼļһҲ־ľ⣬Ȼԣһһŵ⼯ϡ
һţеǸӰץ˹ȥ
Ķеĵһ˲ʹ˳ȥȻֱһеӰȥ
еӰϮֻһɺ׵ıɺȴֱӾͱ֮󻯳һ̡
Ӱ֮˵۵ķϡ
ʱ¹⣬ŷַվŵһӢˡ
ָ˴ŭȣˣΪʲôϮƶ
ǺǣСʿ㻹Щ͡
˵仰֮Ǹ˴óһһǶת˼ȦڵϵʱѾһֻͻ
һԷķ̾;죬æֻۣͻȥֻͻζǺȴһֻǸһֽϡ
ϾˣԷǵķԭǸСһ޶Ȼһǰ̵ˡ
̵̫ˣӶ׷ɱԼѵΪԼǸӣ
뵽֮վԼԵĶѾʹ˸ɫȻһ˼Ͽȥ
ѾҲһģ֪Լվ޷ŵΪ׸ǼæŻе̳˻Լķ䡣
Ѿߣһθ߸ߵľľ⣬һǿԣһתضתأתɷûת׻ڣתתɽתһӭ޵һʮֲΪ񲢸׿֮ö뷡
Եֽ꣬еҲһһ־Ų⣬һ־ƣЩЦ
ĶȴһҲЦֻͬʱζЩһ˲ͽ䵽ĸ
Щͻ磬һǸϮȥ
Ǹû뵽ı£æһԾ
ͺûһƮʮɣϮꡣ
ǻûν䵽һķϣһٴλζ˫֣һγԡ
һ˿ɶ㲻ˣͬʱҲٶˡ
һԼԴ·磬ǸûˣҪ˿ȥԼͻˡ
˴ӻȡһ澵ӣ⾵һգз磬ͱֱ֮Ĩȥ
վ濴ԷıѾЩŵĲ֪ˡ
̫ˣ˭˳óһգ̾ͻᱻĨɱ
̻ô
Ѿû·ˣеĶѾɲöѾܵ˺ҧҧٴλζƣͬʱԡ
ٴξۼֱǶеӰһЩ绹ûнӽӰͱԷľһգΪޡ
ʱǼСƫ֮еĳүҲӴķп֪Ҫٲ֣㲻һֵܵסԷ
ΪүֱܳӰԵУһͻȻ뵽һ취
ֻλүӻȡһֽȻҧʳָϱ߾д˼֣֮һֽͱˣųĬ
˵ֽƬͻȻһ⣬գۼųֱʣʧ
ʱԺеǸ˼ѾˣЦݲϣڵˡ
һξǷĸԳ֣ûκε㣬Լһȴ׾ٵľסӣһλȥڵǰҲˡ
˴ӻȡһ˿Уһס
˿һڵϣ̾ͱһɳļֻ̌ˮͰһԴѪھֱҧ
龰æӶеľ⣬ĵ˰еǸˣ㼯ܡ
Ǹ㸽ʱ̾ͱֹͲͣĴϡ
Ǿһ̳鴤űԶ
ϵǸ˼ˣһҲģеͭһա
ʱ͸еΣн䣬ûеӦ͸оһصʼϣĨȥ
ΪԼҪЩһʹ˻ɢʱ̫ҽּͻȻ˷Ӧ
㵤ڵڵͻȻžͿʼٵת
ڵתΧٲһ뵽ڵ֮С
ڵֻתһ˲䣬žʹŹڵ֮еĽ⿪ʼͣ֡
Щ֮Уͻһ𻨿ţΧ
ѾЩɵˣͲ֪ԼڵΪʲô
ҪⱾ£ʹˣõŵΣʱ̲ų֡
ǷϵǸȴ֪ĵϸΪʹ˷Լı
üͷʼԵµʿЩĿ࿴ȻܺͷĸϼеԼѹ׵ıﾹȻûа취
ԷΪˣǾشˣŪκβ㣬˺ս
žͼ˴ӻһ˺һֽҲֱӾ׵˿С
Щֽһ뿪־ͿʼƮɢһų˽⣬Եܡ
ٿʱǸ˸ѾΧ߰˸񽫡
ЩƷǳĳ㣬ÿһ϶еѹԭСֽ֮
ʱ˵Ǹһδ˻ղŵûж˺
ź˵ĹЩŭֻһоʹһӰӰԱߣ˫һֱ̽Ӿץס˾ߴ硣
ץסߴ磬㿪ʼͣӴҲסץסǸˣʼͣս֡
뷨ȴʧˣȻס˶Է壬ǸоԷͲѪ֮ǲϡ
ôڱסҲûκε˺ϵȴԽԽǿҲԼоЩ
Ȼץס˹޵ߴ磬Ҳ޷һ˺Ȼｩסˡ
ﱻסһѾԼľееǸϡ
ҪֵʱͻȻ֮йһ磬žһŵĺƣסе


118 ʱ
վڰеǸ˼ɫѾˣƸǶۿžҪ裬;ЩãȥʱͶԼˡ
ǸֱһָվԵ߰˸һǰһԾգۼͽԺем䡣
ǵٱ߰˰ѵǹϿȥ
ȻǷ˵һʦЩսսʿĹȷʵǲʤΡ
߰˰ѹı÷ǳǱҿ̫ҽּҲǷǳǿܹǿĶ˵һֵĹ
Ǳڵ¹˼Ȧӳ˶ԷĹΧվ͵ľȥɲͶԷЩ˽ս
ٶȿ죬ԷĽٶҲոմܳȥһǰ
Ѿ޿ˣҷû׼ȫʱۿҪɥ
ΣͷǳˮƽӣֱӾͰϱŵǰѽɱ˳ӭŶԷĴ󵶾ֵܵȥ
Ҫ˵ϵѱ͸ģ˵ǽɵ佣õôʱ䣬ѱܹķ˵֮⣬û;
ѱֵסĴ󵶣һײһ
˫ЩԾǾǽĴ󵶣һ˲ͻ˻ҽ
еıȴûκεˣҲûʲô񼣣Ҳԭƽƽ
ɵҲ֪Լеѽ֮⻹б;
˲ÿǣеı˳ƾǰһƣһ˵ǰض롣
λеĽˣϾðһŻ֮ͻ˻ҽ
һһЩϢĻֱ́ĬƣҪٽһ
Ҫ˵ڵгɣǲľ⣬Ҳܹʩչ׷ˡ
ùһŵͻ㼯УʱѾԣ龰Ҳ˲ü۵ֱԼһ˵ķס
Ҫô˵֮׷Ϊȣ׼ȷػһˣǽ˻鴤һ¾͵˵£žͻһֽˡ
ȻһˣǺĸҲ˹ľ룬һеĸǹգۼǰֻǿȻǱۡ
ȻһǺĹȴûٶˡ
Σʱ̣ڶѾķͻȻɳһ̹⣬̹һ˲һ˸
ȵ̹ڵϣҲŷһƤ԰ðźӤ
ֻӤڵ֮ûмŽǰһ
Ҳ֪ʲôԭӤֻǰһ˾ͺ񱻶һٶֺ
˴˻ᣬܳ˼ɵľ룬һεΣ
ЩȷʵǿӤȻʱЩ˶סֻһ˲䣬Щ˾ͿʼֻһǹӤķ㱻ˡ
ʱڼѾۺ˷ֻѾ⻷ơ
׼ȫ׷ʱͻȻһһףһ绮ա
㿴л磬ûоţϲɫ
Ҳ
׷ȫԽصʩչޣ޷ʹ÷ıʱ
һֱ㶼ǽľ߱ķʩչ
Σʱ̣үæȻ
㽫еı±ִӻȥľա
һתأתɷûתת׻𾪣תתɽת޵ͷһʮֲΪ֮²ö
зеľͻȻš
һ˲ͳʣһʼеĺ֮ɢеƲȫȾ˽ɫ
ʱͻȻɵվգΪִo
˴ʱһ̣ڽɫƲһ⣬գۼ
ǼոհѹӤĽˣûüκηӦͱУ߰˸˾ͻɻҽ
ڵתһ߻Ƶĵ⣬ѾЩ˴ˡ
ڷϵǸ˼龰֪ãֻԣ
ͻȻ֮䣬λð˹ḷ́Щ̲ɢңγһһ״
ֵųһĹǺ
龰ҲЩ£ҪöԷİѷʩչˣԼһֵܹҲһϵʼȥ
Ķϵ磬һһǸˡ
һЦȻʹӻȡһŷֱֽԼϡ
ʱϵҲѾ£һһ˵ϡ
ĿǣϣȻ޷˷ֺ
ֻһϣϺһεڱЩȻϲһЩǶڱмȴûκ˺
΢΢һЦӽеķһǸ۳ɵĴţѾ͡
ڴų֮Աһãһ֣ű㱻򿪡
ŴŵĴ򿪣߷ɳ˹ĺ֮йЮһЩ岻ȫꡣ
㿴龰ҲЩͷƤ顣
ԵĿɲǼʮһ꣬޾Զսһ
Щһ̾צȥ
ֻһ˲䣬̾ʹӻȡ˿
һЦ˷ȷʵǿ󣬾Ȼܹʱ򿪹ŹأԼҪ࣬ȴô˷
ⷨǿ󣬵Լ£ǹơ
ȻӶһεĹԺеЩѾɵǰĶ̾ͱ˿ռУһٻĴźҲʲôסһ޷
˼龰һ㶣Ȼоͷų˺ȻĹâ
СʿõʲôȻȻܽٻĹţȫס
Ҳ㲻֪ȴǳԼʹĹ䣬ǰ̵֮һ
һʩչŷܴ̾ĴţٻĶ
ЩɺڵЩͬǶǱѹڵеа
ЩһÿһһƬȷѪ꣬ο޾Ĺһ֣ǳɾ͵֮壬ҲõƤ
ڵǣٻ֣ȻеһССİӸסˡ
˲ʱһλӶеĿ
һοɢĹӵЩڰеĶһ˲䣬ͺܵһ޾һ˲ȫ뵽˿֮С


119 
ĿվڷϵǸˣȻٴλӶ
һǺĺɫĴűĲһɨ̾ͻһ̣ʧǰ
ٴλӶſĻӶĺӿЩйЮŸղűշЩ
ָֻÿָǸˡ
Щ͵һ̾Ǻ˳ȥ
ڷϵ˼龰ֱ飬ԼٻĶھȻԼ⻹
ȴݲǣЩѾԣʼͣܿҧ
ҿϻŷ䣬ЩȻǶһ壬Ȼûκεô
ȴǸ֣ܹڵıԷ壬һξľ⣬ʼٻϵ
ľĹâϵһοʼۣžһӶ¡
һɺԭԼۼĲͬһοǽ֮µÿһޱȡ
źһĹǸҲʼüͷ
Ҳûκεĳɣֻٴһֻ̾һɫɡιâͷ
Щʹʱôͷϵɡιâ֮ϡ
ɡεĹâҲȻסҲˣŵĵ£ɡεĹâ̾ͱơ
գۼǸ˵ϣһϵǸٴá
㵭ϣһα˵Ĳ˺Ҳۿɼٶȿʼȥ
ϵЦݸӲˣֻ֪ҪԼټӰѾ˾Լµİܽ
ϵǸˣɫѾࡣ
Լһشˣ뿪̳ʱ򣬸ûдʲôķ
ĻԼǼҲܹӦǰΣ
һҪ޹ˣͷ֮󣬱㲻ٺȥ
ҲѾЩˣһһǿǸССϣգۼͱĥĲӰ
ϵʧܲͣεĹ֣ʱǼʳĶһһӵϡ
ƽֻҪ䣬ܽЩɢȴûΪЩͷϲͣµĴС
Լȫķʼٴ䡣
һʩչǡ硱ķ
Ȼûжٹȴ˵廯磬ڿܿռвͣε
ڷɹһ˲䣬˺ʧһ͵ɢ
ڰۣһ磬Ժвͣߡ
֮ϣֻһЩ𵴣ȴ˺
ЩֶһĶûа취
ҲЩ֣ķǶʵ˵ǳǿ󣬵ǶӰĶȴЩв档
㣬Լöûа취ʱƮͻȻ˵ϣǸ˱ֳΡ
ΪʲôҪƵʱǸ͵һѪήȥˡ
һϾˣԷʩչŷҲΪ֮
ǸˣȻֳΣǾ͹ֲˡ
ÿһָǸˣڰƮЩ꣬һȥ
ΪԼһȲʤȯʱǸͻȻӻȡһʲôһס
Ȼڰоʹһĺ
һڸйֶסˣһ𵴣ۿҪɢ
ɲԼòշЩ֣ôˣһӿЩ־鳲һͶ뵽ſ֮С
ܵĹ֣ǰȥʱǸ׳Ķзųһĺ⣬ںӦ³һֻɫʨӡ
ֻʨڵϣһҡͷβʼܷĺ
֮У㶼ԼҪˡ
Ǹ˼ʨ£оͷųϲõĹâ䣬ǿԼʹʨԣһӾſıϣȻһʨԴ
ʨӺǵõʲôָʾһһۣԾȥ
ΪʨҪԼʱʨԾϰڿռ£ʧǰ
ղűʨһڿһȻֻ֪ʨʲôǴʨӷųƣ֪ⶫǳԼ㱾¿µֵס
ҲˣǸΪʲôʹʨǰԼ鷳ˡ
Ȼ֣Ǳȴû¶ǵʤĽһһЦȻ֡
ʱѾķҲ򿪣СҲƵܵǰץĸ첲ʵôǸ˱𣿡
ȻȻҵҲǰ׸ġ
˵仰ʱҲЩ飬ҪԷûʹǸʨԼ˵仰˻֪˭ء
ĶѾûпΣץĸ첲Ц
Ȼϲ˵ĹάȴЩΣæ˻⡣
Сôˣ
ӤղŰ㶨סˣԷ֮Ҳûг֡
ѾѯʣЩżҿ˿ڳһǣ˶źߵǸСޡ
Ѿ֮ЩܹȥһѾץסС޵Ķ䣬Ȼûѵ⡣
˵˵㣬ֻһ£Ͷˣ˵㻹ʲôã
ǸޱѾѵ⣬зί֨֨˫ֱŶѾĸ첲ԼĺѾ
Ѿôһֻ޵ĺѾѿһ϶治ͣðһЩ
޸ղڴѾˣֲﲻҳˡ
Ҫ˵Ѿȷʵǹģ˼æſĶ䣬ڻУܵǰ
쿴޺ˡ
ŶѾһȻֻͣðĺ˲ͣѪһ
ЦЦȥҷУǸֽӸó
ķԸŶѾæɱķУ䵹һһֽǰ
ӹֻ˿ֻϱ߻һµĽӣǰСԱ߻һĸˡ
ڶѾϵĹӤ֡
ǹӤ̾ʹļϣȻԴϲ˲䣬֮󷢳ί֨֨
֮ӤݺݵѾķһۣԸղŶѾԼĲΣġ
ѾӤı飬Ͼ͵۾Ȼڰл˻ȭͷ
ǹӤŶѾ׺״̾ͰͷƲһߣٿ
ЦԴȻץŹӤֽӰȥ


120 
ĶǸӤһ˲û뵽Ǹֽ֮УӰ
ѾԱ߿Щϡ棬ô£
ֽӿɲͨĶһܹۼռеɷӤֽܹٵĻָ
Ѿ֮ĵͷղŶǸӤǳףʵڶѾӤĵܵҲûʲô
ڴƺ֮Ǹ޵ķ俴˿
ղԼ͵һĴ°سǶˣǸ˵ķȴûκεĶҲ֪ɵˣôء
Ѿȥλ
Ѿ֮󣬲鲻ԸǸСȥһ߻һ죬ôĸˣȻųҪ˹ȥ
ԭѾĲһΪŵöڷҳˡ
Ѿſ˼£ôû°ɣ
Ѿ˼ûлЩͷˣһǷžȻָƿˡ
ѾſҲͲ˼ˣֱӾͽţһǸղܵڽϸŵݣͣǲء
ѾЩƲ죬ĸˣȻûһ㵣һССĴ򶷾ųԼСŮء
Ѿתۼ۾͹תȻŵߵǸǰͻȻĴһ
һȣǰλŵòᣬֻͻȻĴӵȻԱߵĴ˹ȥǸҪܡ
ѾЩЦˣѾˣˡ
λ˶ѾŷӦԼСˣˡ
ϺЩȴЩηѾӣݺݵĵһۣͶ߶µķǽˡ
ѾλȻǲͣķ͵ЦǱղŵĶЦˡ
λԺмվҹƵģжקжק
λǳ˳飬ϾͻָǸܵŵӡ
¼лЩ飬Ͳˣҡˡ
˵֮λҲȵȵлػͲΡΡ۵ſȥȲ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ԷļҲûа취ղŵȷʵЩˣԼǸƽˣµһ뷨ҲǸϿ뿪
ѾȥͲ
ѾӦһϽڲ󣬵ȵ˴۵ſԸţЩȲ뿪ŵʱ򻹱żһӡ
ѾǱ࣬ɵЩЦϾֱ
λ뿪˵֮һȻͷѾ֣Ҳ˵һ̵ľʧسǵĽֵС
ѾλǱҡҡͷЩһƽ˵Ŀһʵһͷڹꡣ
ŶѾŻȥ㱨ȥˡ
λ뿪Ĳڶڽֽǵİ͵͵ŵķһۣҲ¶΢Ц
΢ЦܿʧˣΪǸԺУоһɴûйơеһֱԺе
ľӦйoɢϡ
үҲ֪йλoʲôˣ
Щɢεƣܺ࿹⣬ƾһ֪⹩Ǹ˲Ĵ
˵û˵ӦԼªţλ¶񼣡
Ȼֲλ񵽵ʲôǾʾһԣһҪԺЩԼһôôԼλܶࡣ
뷨֮۷ֻһɢȥȻԺӵС
ⲢûбãΨһþܹġ
ֻҪķΧ֮ڣͻв֮飬ԺйoĤݡ
ʩչʱڲ֪άУ̾һĿͶߡ
Ŀ˵䣬ֻôƮһۣǳ͸е⣬Լ˶סˡ
ָо֮ǳһ̾ˣǵʿĴڹעԼˡ
Ͻһ
ųǵĿ⻺뿪ˡ
һ֮Ҳˣһʧڽֵϡ
ʱԺе㣬ǸѪĵطϸĹ۲졣
ǸӹϮԼʹõķѾ֪
ǰ֪ԼɸǰԼ̥
Լڶڰʲôطǽʲô˼һ֪
ȫڱ
ɲôţȶԷһδεϮ
ҪԷһЩɫ֪ԼҲǺǵġ
ڶڶԷפظһ֪ʹõֶβࡣ
ΪļֶУȴһǳǾѧǷͷ߼顣
ԭȵ㻹ûʱ򣬾Ŷͷ߼Ǹɹá
οô˵ѾڵֻҪڵתɾͽ𵤣ܹΪɡ
ҪʩչŶͷ߼飬ôΪ޴ͲǸܹùϹŵ
ⶤͷ߼ҪʩչиӣǵϵĶһС
ǸµǿѪѪҲڵľֻҪǽѪҺռҲܹʩչͷ߼顣
˲ſڵϣҵ³Ѫ¼
һ۵ĽһЩɫ
СĵĽȫռȻһƿ֮÷á
£ȻѾȥ˯ˡ
˵߰˵ĸŽʨܵˡ
˱һѪ֮󣬾֪ԼѾ˵òᣬٽսһֵܹסʿ˵ϣԼûȫɹǽʨӣԼߡ
ϾǽʨӣֻǸղż˼죬ȫѿأĵķȽ϶࣬ӳһٶʱҲԦס
ֻһʨӵͷ˳
ȵʨһڵϣͷأȻһѪ
ǸʨȴһĲ֮УһССĽ
ǿĽʨӵ·ڻУżѵվһһԶߡ
ˣѾûʩչˣĻֻҪһܷɿ뿪Ƿ֮ء
˵־ǳǿȻˣȻһһߣȵ˰ʱѾ߳˶ʮ·
һ·ˣλ˲һ¿·ߵһС꣬һͷ
˽˷䣬˵Ļƣ֮Щֲסһͷڴϻ˯ȥ
һ˯ʱȵʱѾһŰˡ


121 ׷ɱ
ԺĴӴѾһԼڣѾǿıסˡ
ʱҲǿʹһЩżķˣһҲЩԱ֮ˣǰһʱ䣬ֻҪ΢һ˶˴ģûз֮ˡ
·򿪷СջǰѾ߰Ŀڳˡ
ջĻһˣϽǰк
͹٣ղ˯ûðɣɫˣҪҪԵ㶫
һ档
ǸСƲĿһۣ˴Ŀǲôġ
ĶǿͣȻģ˼ҲûǷǮ
һҪ棬ͷŵǰ
˫ӿʼ棬˹ĳ
ʱԱһ˵л˾
Աһһ̣ոյĴسɫСջޡ
ֵܣؿˡ
˭˵أ̫ͦƽģʱӶĳ£ǴðģͲһͻȻϽˡ
һȴص˵ǻ֪ɣس˸֣Щ󣬶صĸߵֶԲġ
ϸ˵ˣôܣѵѽ
ǺǣûҼضү
Աߵļ֮ԵһЦˣΪϼһ˾񲡡
Ǹϵ̼ǼЩЦԼҲ͵ͨ죬һ˵֪ʲôǰµʱضүͺλһ˫Ǹǧû뵽˸֡
ôܣȻǵ͹ضүǲ˵ǸʿǸô˳
֪ʲôҵŮ˵֪ɣ
ļ˶ͷһҲһʱˣڸԵļͥ״˽⡣
ҸǰɣٸѾǰһʱүֵ飬һԭһ֣˹үǰңҿλָͨˣҪȻĻػ֪Ҫҳʲôء
˵ﶼǸԵ꣬ʱЩҲԽԽˡ
Ǹ֮Ҳһû뵽ٸѾֽ
ٱٸ֪̽ԹٷЩӥצܷܿټУﲻپˡ
뷨֮͵վӻͳ˼Ǯӵϣ֮ͷҲص뿪Сջ
뿪Сջ֮ҲߴϾתɽС·
λ˸û೤ʱ䣬һģˣǰѯʸǷʲôİǰͶߡ
ջСƶڸղǸ˵ļ£һʣ̾Ͱ˹˳
ģ֮۾ͷȻҲкֱӾͳСջʧ˴·ϡ
ȵģ˺ܳһʱ䣬ڴ·ԱߵĲݴвǸˡ
⸻뿪ķ򳤳ĳһҿԼ磬ҪǼǸСջţѾˡ
ͬʱ˶Сջ˹вأǳա
ɭĴӻȡ˼ֽ˼䣬һס
̾ͳ߰˸׵ʿЩʿֻƽģ϶ʱǽ䲻Ⱥ
Щʿͨ˵ҲǷǳ˵ˡ
ֻ˶ǿջһָ߰˸˺һԲıУǸСջȥ
ûж೤ʱ䣬˾СջдĲҽУٹһСջȼܵĴ𣬵ʱ˲¶΢ЦоһЩ
ϾѾҹܴǲԵĿ
뵽;ЩʧߣæԱ߰һѲݣ͵һ
Ȼ̾ͱһƥʮս
һԲһһָƥ˲ߣܿʧ·ϡ
˸ո뿪ͻȻڴ·һ̳ǸѾ뿪һĸ̣ںǽŲմһɱ
»صջʱ򣬷ѾǴܣ滹мʬ塣
ߣС˿ӡ
˶Լ̵ħˣˣҲʮֵ
׷Ҳûʲôôˣֻһ˦ͷ»ˣջ飬Ȼŵá
˵뿪֮һԲԦֻһϾͱ˽
ȵɫʱĿ̫һգһŤֱ֮һҲǱͻȻֵæҡ
ҿûˤͷ
վ֮ЩɥҪǰԼʩᱻ̫һվԭΣԼڰʱάֲסķˡ
̾ʱͻȻһžһֻݡ
˵ԣȻڵһվʱѾһŮӡ
˱ЩľսǿŮӵʱ򣬲һ
ŮӶ˶ϵĳȻǰһ˾һ
ҷĸ֮ǰӭ㡣
ԭ˾ǰ̵Ľ塣
̾һȻʵĸô֪ڴǣ
Сֽ뿪ʱûдκεķĸĸŷһλһЩĥѣǰӭ
ҲǸоĸ㣬ǿȻܹδ֪
ͬʱҲԼĿԴоЩźͷĸ棬ڿһжڷĸƿ֮С
ֻĸԼЩС˼Сӵƣϡ
ʮֵ̾һȻ˵ǷĸһοҪˡ
ǸŮĻĬĬվһߣҿǻ
Ϊ壬λĸСܹ۵ģҪʵʵװư͵ĺá
̾һ£ȻͶŮϿʩ뿪
ŮӵĻһԾһŤڵϵʱѾһֻȸ
ȸƽĿȸ˼
Ůӵı仯ľֻǰһǿȸıһģȸ̾չ˳
ȸϣǿȸҡ˼³򣬱һɳ죬壬ֱȥ
ߵĻһЩǸոɣûдﵽʱ򣬵ͻȻһӰ
Ӱٶ죬ֻգۼȸǰ
ǿȸڰҲЩֻȫһ壬Ӱ̫죬ûȫĶ
ֻȸһıžһѪıɽ
ȻˣȸûͣǷɿɿĳգۼͷɳԶ
ʱһڹ⣬ӵϷ׷ǿȸȥ
һؾЩԶˣڹȻ˵˿ȸѾЩǿ֮ĩֻһ䴩˿ȸȣΪ¡


122 ĸ
ȵǿȸѾɵòӰڲݴв߳һװŹ׳
׳Զȥģ۾ЩźԼһҪԼٿһЩ̵Ľ¾ҪԼˡ
λһγɽҲûúãǱλߵˣһ·ϼˣڸղֱԼһ˵һλȥûмµĹǲˣʱӦܹʵһЩ
λſȸһ·ֹۣʱ˰̳ɽ
ǿȸһڵϣ̵һ±ǸŮӣѾ˺ۣһڴϣһߡ
Ѿɫ԰ףǸղǿзУЩʧѪȡ
ҲûõȥղǸ׳ĵһǸŮӵߣҲѪһƬ
ոһأɽо߳һŮӣһ߷ɽڣһϸƣŮӲˣͽС
СɽһǸŮӶˣæǰȥȷס˵ĸ˵ˣӣֻû뵽ʦ˵ôء
εİڰ֣Ȼ˵˵˵ЩˣһܳŵסϿȥʦ壬Ρ
Сŷſǰȥ鿴ǸŮӣŮڵϣѾЩ
Сæӻͳһŷ䣬ڿһǷ侹ȻʼȼСҲ仹ûȫվͰǿŮ죬ֱӾ
ǸŮҲû˳С˼ȫ¡
Ůӷ˷֮ϵѪȻʼֹͣһȻ衣
һԵ壬ŮѾ˷䣬Ѿûˣŷġ
ŮӿǷĸѾߣҪ˵Լͷĸӵ׽ҪΪԼɥĸȻϲ˵ﻹܲǺԼ
ʦ壬Ϣһ£Ҵʦȥĸ
ǸŮֻĵͷ㲻ˡ
Сæȥ·壬һһɽȥ
ɽ˼Ȧ˷ĸǸɽС
һɽǷĸͺ۸ĺӣĸһͻȻڵϣǰ˼ĸǰʼ
ϵķĸ¶΢Ц
ѾСˣѧСŮ״ϿվʡͽЦ㡣
巢йһֱĸЦ˲۾˼վԱߡ
һԵСʦȻСһſڷĸǰޣҲǾЩЦ
ýģҷһ溦ԼЦʦҺʡ
̨ϵķĸˣǷһЩſʵһΪʲôô⣬ı
˷ĸʻϵϹ˵ĸ˵ʿֻǸûзϣΪƾҵķԷ˶á
Ŷѵ鷢˱仯
ǣСʿ²Ȼ޳ɵڵܸӵľ޴ǼľܹʹϵҾǱˡ
ĸ֮Щ죬żµĹСʿȻͻͽڵ
ҪٸĹǻԼ
ɿˣڵ
ῴСʿʩչʱǷݼͨĵʿܹġ
ĸ˼Ƭ̣Ȼ˵ǰ̵ĴУֲʱӦϡ
С˷ĸĻ࿴һۣǿ֪ĸĸӦΪ顣
ԴӰ̴ΣǷĸǰӦűܹ
ǽô죿ʵ
ǺǣСʿȻʲҲЩͣǱϾ˵ƹ£ȹһʱ䣬ߵˣһЩһǰȥΧҾͲͷۡ
ͷתһ飬Ǽæ˵ĸһʱٸӥצϮ
ʲô㾹Ȼ˹ٸˣ
ĸҲЩ죬һɽ֪Ҳֻ弸ӣȻԼԵ⼸ˣϢôٸȥģ
ϵˣѵҲǹٸΪ
ǣСʿȻˣȴûκεķڻʱȴһùĸҿݺٶȿ죬ǾҪɥˡ
ĸԼüͷҲЩͷۣѵʱж̫ˣùٸʲô
ʱֵµ˰һЩȹʱ䣬ڼ׼
ǣĸ
͵ɣȥúˡ
֮ϽĸһȻ˳˷ĸеɽ
ȵ뿪֮󣬷ĸŶվһԵС˵㰲ŵɰźˣ
Ѿźˣĸ
ĸʱ΢˿ȻڰСҲ˳ȥ
ȵɽֻʣ·ĸһ˵ʱɫű
Ѿٸˣһذֲּ˶೤ʱˡ
ĸ̾һʯվ֮һԾվ˵ϣȻʯ󣬴һһС
֮ǰ˰죬ȻĴ򿪡
д֮󣬲ûʲô߷ţֻһƽƽ塣
Сʱ򣬸״һĹзִġ
ûӦѾ²µˣλĸĸԭһĹ
һΣĸ׵һǰĹĹĶۣ׾͸ĸߡ
嵽˷ĸУûʱ򣬸׵ĹͱٸˣҪǵλĸɽˣûڼңһҾͻᱻһ򾡡
һĸͳһ¶ֻ⸸͸壬һֱԡ
֮ĸʮֲãα˷ӹ˵ܾǧࡣ
ŷĸͽĳľҲǿʢһЩܸ֮одһ־Ϲŵ
֮λĸǹ˼ӡ
ŷĸдڵķԽԽѾƾһЩСԱůˣ˸Ұġ
ԸѾ˳ɵõϡ
˽⣬ȴԸǲʵֵģΪӲ֪ʲôʱʼϵ칬ѾҲûгֹ
ܹ˼ֵĶЩħ֣ҪȻܵظ
λĸû٣ϸоϵ壬ҳһַ
Ǿǻ˵˹ڼƾ˳Լͥ˵õɡ
Ϊţĸڽһٶ伸δа̣Ȼа̹ƻڣռЩ˵ˣռĲʱ򣬾ͻЩ췴
Ȼƾ췴ڣţһ֮ͻ䲻Ǳ
һΰҲʱֻ̣ҪռһˣĹֽܹһԼĿͻ


123 ͷ߼
˵ڵ㣬ԴһռλѪҺ֮󣬱㿪ʼ׼ͷ߼顣
ǰʱʩչŷǸʱʩչĶͷ߼³˵ģ˵аħ
ڵŹļʶҲǳ㷺ټִʱ򣬲ֵ飬֪˶ͷ߼ȷ÷
һʩչⶤͷ߼ʱҲǱɹûʲôͨˣ΢һЩˣһζͷ߼Ͳܳɹ
һҪǸ˷ǿ㱦ڶ࣬һػ治Ķ֣ɲһʡ
ĵۺԺһ̨
˵Ǹ̨ʵһһߵС̨Բҡ
С̨Ҳ㼸Ĺ
ڸ߰˸﹤Ȼһ֮Ǻʵػ֮󽨳С̨ӡ
׶ˣһӷС̨ϣȻ׼һЩƷԼ֮Ķ
˽͸һˣĲȻǲأѾˡЩȴǳУи˶Ѿ
Ѿ߸˵ĽȻڸһЩõݣ˺ôĹһˡ
ȶѾ͵ǰʱ򣬿۾ֱ顣
⵹ǣѾĲ˲Ϲ淶ǶѾĲʵ̫ˡ
Ѿ˲˵˴·˵òҲһײڲϣһ
״ǰϮԼǸ˷ǳ
ͲԾʵѾΪʲôӣ
ѾмĿһۣȻͷ̧ø߸ߵıӶˡ
㲻ҪԸǸϮǵҾͰһ㣬ʡүϵˡ
һֱѶѾ˲µСѾͷʵѾء
ǰôһΣʱĶѾ֪ʲôǾôʱ䣬Ѿڷ֮Ҳ֪֮ˡ
ֻű˵׾У˵ȥ
Ϊɵѽ
˶ѾԺ̨ϽõĲ˷̨ǰȻߵ֮
ⶼʩչͷ߼Ŀס
ͿʼˣȰѲߵ·Ȼȥظһ֮ͰռЩѪȫС
Ȼ֪Ǹ˵ѪҺ֪ԷҪ顣
ʱ㻹ڲͷϰһյƣ°һյƣյǴ˵Ļǵǿ
ոհµʱյƻͨĵյһʮֵȵ䣬˷֮յƵĵоֻ̾¶һĹâ˵ϾҪϨ
˼ڵأŷ̨ϵĲݡ
ݲ˵ʱǧ֮壬ʱͬеĴ¡
ͻȻ֮͸еһĻ㱣ʲôҪԼڷȥһ
ɻ㱺ܿ͹ȥˣΪԼ֮ûлָҲûзϡ
֮һˣǽ͸øʲôʲôȥˡ
Թ緹̨֮ǰǡ䣬շ䣬֮Ͱݡ
һùһãǧ֮壬ոճԹ緹Ϣ֮ɫ̾Ϳʼ㱡
ΪԼ緹֮ЩˣҲûзϣ㵹ͷ˯ȥˡ
ζǿθˣԶԷΣȵϲΪġ
ڵϰҹʱ֣ãԺ̳ǰ
һʮֵ࣬ľһһ˷̳Ȼ̤еıͣĻ裬ÿһ趯Ľⶼָһضķλ
ιݣֻһӡǣͺǸλһȵϣ㣬붯ɣҪһһǡ
ʱʩչĶͷ߼ʱɣ˵һɣ˵һĹ򣬻ɽҰ֡
һؿɲһִ֪λ½ѹˡ
ǰΪˣҲ½ѹˣΪλҲ˷ţΪ˴
ڵôѾͷһЩϵλŵĴλӦòȫĨӡ
Ȼһε־ʼӣ˲֪άȣһʶڡ
ʶŵһ
ھмһӣֻͷ𱦹ڣ΢а׺˫Ŀ΢գݴ顣Բζմ硣˫´ģ磬ϵȹȹᣬȹ´ƼԼ˫ֽȭӡȫΉϡ
λܣĵ
ֻƵǽ׹ӿ
µɮڣҲա
ʱǸӦʲôͻȻֹͣ˿еԡ
վڴԱߵһλǰһʩ񣺡Ϊֹͣԡ
ЦЦȻ˵굱֪ɳһλзҼӳ֣Ҹϣͣͨ
˵֮һ۾䣬ֳ˴Ӱ
̧һ㣬һâӽɳȻ޾պγȣڵȥ
âϿʱ̱֣һĹʼ֣Ǽһâס
ǣļոγɣ;λ
λл࿴һۣȻƵƵͷһλȡһһı
ⱦһˢһεĹʼӣܿӵϿգǸոסĹ򣬱ⱦˢĲһײ̾ͻΪΡ
ǵ֮ⷽ͵ɢΧ
ֿʼ̳ǰ
Ȼ˵̳ǰһε˿ȴǧ֮һ˲ˣǰ̽塣
廹֪ѾдΣ٣ڴ˯ء
Ҳ֪ΪʲôӽϿʼ;Լʮֵƣͻ˯
˵صе㣬֮󣬾͸о߷һɹ̳ǰ
ɹԭȴûиоģУоĹȲͣɢ
Ȼ㲻֪ɹԺηһǷǳԵģǾɹǸղʱԼġ
Ҳ£ʼжͷ߼Ҫһ
ֻٴ䣬ȻʼĬһϮԼĺˡ
ǧ֮壬ȴо˯˺Լ
Ѳܿ˿ֲûʲô˱ٴ˻˯ȴ֪۵һ˲䣬һһǣ˳һ̳ͨǰǸϡ


124 ϣ
һһ̳ǰʱ򣬾Ͳ˳Ǹ˵ϡ
Уȴźӿ˲ϣ֪ԷĻѾԼǲҵæԱһŶӣȻպϹѪֱӾͲ˲ϣһһǶס
ĶӶǲϵʱԶǧ֮壬ͻȻоʹʣžһҽУоѹ
巨ǿʶ㣬һϾʶԼ˵䡣
岻ҵ·Ьûü£ȷĬĬдʣͬʱۣĸս罵¡
ǣңԪ
ھ֮֮ⷽУһ㿪ʼԻΣɹͿʼӵϡ
תһȦȻ˳ڤڤеĸӦ˲̳ǰ
̳ǰ֮̾ĲӶȥǻûпǸˣֱһȵĹֵ⡣
ɹпʼһӶĹǲһػ򣬿ʼȥ
һ㿪ʼĸӦһȴûԭоһɳʵУãǰһ
Щľˣ⵽ʲôʩԼȻͨ
ղԼĸ˵ѾĸһٻԼԣǾ޷Լϵ䣬Щ֪롣
һ߽ķѾˡ
ǸֲͨþܷԼʩԸǰˣԼЩŵĺá
뵽ǰԺԼķȡ߿黹㲻ĹȻ˷̳ǰ߿ڷ̳֮ڷ̳䡣
ٽֻߵ䣬һףеıǺŷӦһ㲼µ֮С
ڵĹǰѾͬնǸˣɷҲһĪչ
㻹ǲġֻһԱߵǼУͻȻ߳һͨŮӣԾԡ
Ůˣ㿪˵̳ǰûҵĻκ˲ÿ
ŮĻҲشֻǰһվļ̳ǰ㲻Բˡ
ЩŲ⣬·̳λƵĻȥ˯ˡ
ȵ֮ԱߵһС̽һСԴ˲ˣǶѾ
ֽʣʼͣļ¼͵ѧı¡
ʵղڷ̳ϣѾ˶ѾԱ߿ӣ㲢ûֹ
Ѿ˵֮УԼ׽ˣʮֵĿݵġ
ҪĻΪ֪ûеõĴǰ͵ѧһǰצҲʩչ
Ѿȴ֪Ŀ˿еֽȻ˸߲ҵĻȥ˯ˡ
˵һ壬ڵڶͷĿͣһֱҪ˯
һȻ˳Լ£ͷ˯ôҲ޵֮ˣ֪Լ˶Է䣬˲ҵԼӣ̧Լֱɽ
߰˸ɽɽǰɽ⴫˵Լ
ǸӺֻ֮߰һӰ֣һ߳۽οɰС
Сʱһֱɽ֮Уŷĸ
ո붨ͱĸѣǰȥӭһӭ
Сɽʱһֻʦ̱һϣԱ߻߰˸ʦֵܡ
СҵϽȥ
֪ʦʧԶӭʦˡ
۾һǰСȻ˵ض񣬴ȥĸ
СˣЩΪѵؿ˿վܵʦֵܡ
ǿ񣬶ļͽܰݰ˵ڶȺûҵٻ̤붴һ
ЩķԸһӦ
ʱСǰһ壬߽ɽ
ĸǴѨʱѾһͷСļϣ˯ȥ
ĸʯϣŵ±СǴһ
û뵽ոһ첻λ̵ĽȻ⸱ģ
ô£ĸһԵС
СԴҲͷԣֻʵش𣺡ĸҸղųȥӭʦʱѾӣ߰˸̧ţҲɽǰ
ĸСĻͷ˼һ£ԣȻһָԼüһ㡣
ȵĸٴ۾ʱѾ˺ڰ׶ɫͫףֻһŽ⡣
Žĸ͵ķۣ
Ҫ˵ĸȷʵǷͨرںϰ̺ͷ̵˵ʤ
ʩչķ۾Ƿĸ辶ͨĸȻ÷̵ǹ죬ʹð̵ķͷ̵Ĺںһֻۡ
ⷨȻ˵˵еϿʮ죬¿ܵظȥδ
ҲܹһΧڿ¼ıʡ
ڷĸķֻ壬Ѿһһǡ
÷ĸЩԾ֪巨⼸ѾҪԪ
ʮֵֻۣһ߾Ϊһ壬ھȻľһһǣʩ˲ǷǿǷͨʮֵع졣
ĸһ£ȻһԵС˵ʦлҪʡ
СϽǰҡҡ壬Ż۾
۵һۿľ̨ϵķĸǼһ£ࡣ
̨ǰĸͷȻаĸҲ֪һԩҶͷİ䣬ĸһȣ
Ƿĸͷ˵Ҹղŷ۱գѾһһǡ췢ʲô飬ʵ˵
±ߵǿ񣬰⼸ԼΪһ£ͻȻһȻ˵ʱθо㱣ȵָоһʹ֮һֱоЩɼ
ĸ֮˵ͷʱ򣬾Ѿʩʩɣһһǡ
ĸǸǺã
㲻صģھǿжĻǣҲ
ĸ˵֮󣬾ϥڵϣԼ̨Χ忪ʼʩ
ֻλĸΧ岻ͣĿԣµĲҲʼͣתٶȣٶԽԽ죬γһΧм䡣
һ⣬ֱʡ
֮кҲһ־Ӧʼı仯Ŀʼӡ
ӵٶȿʵȴһѾ̳ǰ


125 £
ʱķ̳û֡
ͷűǰƻڷ̳ܲɷ
ĸʹĹոڷ̳ĸɱ̾˷Ӧ
ֻɷ߸ͻȻȻųߵǹ⣬еıǿʼӦ
⼸ڱǵļӳ£ܿһƬγһƬâɵդý÷̳м䡣
ǷĸʹĹո£úɷɵդײһ
ײʱûзҫ۵ĹâӴĵطռȴʼŤ
ɷȻǱϾû֣ûк֮ԴǷĸĹͣ£ܿͿʼ
ۿɷ󣬾ͻᱻԷƣʱһֱվ̨ϵǸŮͻȻ۾һ˫ɺѪۣϵĹ
ŮзֵķʬʱѾ̣ټ㾭ĶҲ˲٣һȻܺ仯ľôʱ䡣
ټʬܿҲйĽͬʱоƣ˫һžͷɵգֻֻȺڵצӦеķĸһ
ʬһȫͽͣǿеĹûбŷֺ
Ҳ֮УȻǶЩȴȫûκΰ취
ʬҲһ۶޷˵еĹ֮ڵ£ٴνżأٴηɵУȻһ
ʬεĹûκЧΪһڣɰǰԺˡ
ڸո𴲣ǰԺиʦ㣬׼ȥ緹ȥԺʩ
ո߳Եһ죬㻹ΪǶѾںء
㿪ھͺѾҡ
ոպ꣬ѾԴʹӳ˳Ȼί˵ôˣѵдˣ
㿴ŶѾӳԴһ㶣ѾȻڳǺô£
ãӦԼķ̳顣
һ뷨ҲˣתԺܡ
ոת棬̧ͷһֻԼǸʬڷ̳ǰͣԾȻ˫צҵ
ˣҵæ䣬￴ȥˣ
вûпʲôֻһɵɫϢԼ̳Ϸͣ׹ҪԼɷ
ԼµɷѾ޹⣬ۿžҪ顣
㲻ҵԾ˷̳Ȼ̳ߵľͿʼ̤豦
ɷʼɷۼ
sɷأǱѾɷһοʼǹ⣬ͣĺеıӦ
űǽǹ⣬ڵɷҲʼ͡
ڣ豦еǲͣ׹µĻƹ⣬һָ
ɷ۵ɷĽָķʼӡ
žɷΧγһɷɵǡ
һγɣеĻ޷ɷκεĶҡˡ
޷ҡɷ󣬶ÿһ£ƹⶼᱻɷۼɱĥһ֡
㿴龰оһ֣ô֪ҲκβҰɣڼɡ
ʱǧ֮Ƿĸ㿪ɷȫ֮ͷԼķʼЩи
ԼΧ壬ߵҲʼЩǲʹƵġ
ǷĸʲôˣһٶͨһЩ֪ԷѾ˷ƣȥҲûʲôˡ
ĸǰֻһָֻüģһֻסĬԣǬɻ棬糸ױ𺳣ء˱ۣΡͷ෢񽵷Ѩ׷ǣΡϳ£˳ڤ
ŷĸ귨֮󣬴ϾһڤڤеϢ
Ϣܿ뵽ϡ
Ϣ룬ϾȻһɴûе
ڤڤǧ֮㷨̳ϵǸˣھȻʼͣĲڲ֮ڵһһǣҲʼͣ䶯ҪӲ֮г
龰ܹѣֻӻȡԼóʱ䲻õͭӡմӡֱ࣬Ӿӡ˲˵ϡ
ӡӡ˲ϣڲеһһǣҲʼ
㻹ЩģԷķǲȻܺԼĻǡ
㣬ڷ̳ǰһ׷Ǹϡ
ֻҪ׷ڣһ˴е꣬׷ͻᷢ׷Ӧÿ԰Ϯķȫɢ
ǶԷǿ׷޷ɢô׷Ҳɢڲ֮һһǣöԷòʧ
һ֮Ҳ׼Էˣֱվ̨ǰʼٴ
ֻ̳ǰ̤Ȼ̳ǰдһŷ䣬֮ٹͷΡ
ְŷٻˡ
һ֮Զǧ֮壬һθо㱣Ȼĳ˯ȥ
վԱߵķĸԸоڵһһֿʼЩɶȥͻᱻٴι߻ǡ
ĸҲЩˣ⵽ĸ˸˴󵨣ȻԼǰ
ȻԼͲòȫʩһӦ֪֪̲Ǻǵġ
ĸ֮վһԹۿС׼̳ҲҪ̳˶һ
ЩҪþߣڰ׼µģһʱ֮ɽ׼þߡ
ĸ̳ǰϸĿ˿ûʲô©ľ
ڷĸҲЩ̾ԼѾʮûпֻ̳Ϊǰϵĵ˸òȫһԼˡ
ĸҪеķǡ
ǷĸҪƾԼķǿдָͨʹĶһǰΪԼ󽵵С
ֻĸڷ̳ϣ
֮ĸһľϣ̤ʼл裬ͻȻľϵķֱӷ˷̳ϵջ١
ʱ㿪ʼ巽̳ǰзҦɣ־ңϷӹ󣬶¹ȣ
ȵ֮Ӳͣķʼ߾ۼڷ̳ʱγ硣
ŷĸһŷ䣬ľϣٴν̤ʼ趯ȻҲ˷䣬ԡ
飬ӡתУ·أסħͷ̷У
ⷨո꣬ɽоһɵԽԽأվһԵСҲʼľս


126 
ĸһ䣬ȻˣžͿʼ
ʦ뷷ʦ뷷Ů뷷ʦ뷷̳뷷뷷뷿ã뷷뷿ظּУ
ķ֮󣬷ĸеľͻȻ˷̳ϣ֮ϥڷ̳ǰ㲻Բˡ
ʱܵظͻȻһᣬȻõٻһᴦƮ
֮ظ֮кһֱͨӽ쵽䡣
ĹһйٵĴ£˳ͨٵǰɳۣܿء
йٴ˸ոһΣ;˵صĳ
ооһҪ֪ԹǿɲǺ£﷢ս̫࣬˴ֺ
һĿĵأȻԼأѵԼϽҪʲô¡
ҵ̻һ˳ֱӵĵطȥ
ط֮ȴڰƣ֮Ϊ׵һλй١
򲻸ҵǰһһȻʵ֪Ϲأʲô񣿡
ǸйٿһۣȻɭɭ˵˽ħ
˵֮㲻򣬶ۣؿȥ
УҲ̫ƽȻһЩСƣȴΥ֡
λйЩƣԼǰħǿһƬͣʲôħҪ
λйƵʱͻȻ֮ǧ֮ųһââһӾ˽еһСС
йٿһȻŵȥ
һɰһ
ԭ֮УҲ֪ǹλoֱֻ͸ʡ
ҡΣҲʼ
ô󣬿ͳ֮С
й뷨֮һ䣬͹Юŵ۷ȥ
۵ΧʱȴΧֱ磬
йüһʮֵգͷҲ޷ΥֻǼԦ˵֮С
ڵʯʱ򣬲ŷĹ߽ȻĲͬȻҲĴ񣬵ȴܵ˼ѹƣķҲ޷ʩչ
Ҫռ֮󣬾Ȼһ˿ɢļ󣬺ռڵǷЩͻԱ滻
йһҪϿ¸Ͽ뿪Ļʱ䳤ˣԼǧΪ¾Ҫɥʧһˡ
йڰΣȻԺпȥ
ֻڵԺһʿڷ̳ǰͣļһˡ
йٵķУǲһһǣﲻͣ
йҲЩˣ̤Ьٴȫѹ
Լŵʲô˷ˣڿھ˵Ļǡ
й뷨̴֮һס֣Ͽǻǣ㲻ȻĻĻǾе䣬ĵ֮ࡣ
ڵķ̳ϣڽнڶεļݣۿҪɣͻȻ˺æ̧ͷĴơ
ʼûκεӰ㼱æۡ
һУֳ˺ڰ׶ɫڰվΪ׵һй١
ںڰɫУλйȴֳʣֻλй٣̵ݣĺ룬ò¡
һսѾһˡ
ейټ㲻ԼҲЩŭейٱһָ
ôһָһӵϡ
ķпǿЩɲǰЩС
ķЩظûжõġ
㲢£ΪеƵġ
ֻľŵһָµɷ̷ųâеıңӦ
ЩϹɷһӾû˰취
Ϊɷ󣬶ΪЩ˴Ǽֱ뻢ڡ
ǰей٣龰Ҳżֻейٱʸ߸ߵľȻĬ÷Ȼйٱоͷһ⣬ɷϡ
Ҳ֪ǱʲôųĺֻôһɷͿʼ飬õ߸ۣҲȫİȥˡ
ǹɷĺ⣬Ȼ
Ҳǻɷƣͼæ˸¿ö˺⡣
ٴվʱѾһľ⡣
ҲǷ˺ݣЩ֮󣬲׾ҪԼ󣬼ȻԼͲˡ
ֻľ߸ߵľ𣬿Ҳʼ
һתأתɷûתת׻𾪣תתɽת޵ͷһʮֲΪ֮²ö
֮㽫Լеķȫ뵽ľ֮С
ǰʩչ׷ľΪȻĶԵС
һΣȫľ⡣
ֻľͻȻųĵ⣬Щ֣еӦλҲ
ĵҲͣӿ¡
±ߵЩһ̾ͻ̡
ЩϾܵظȻạ̊́Щȴûɢǹڵһ⣬лһâʧռ䡣
ĸйټ龰ɵŭйٲҴ˵ظ㲻á
ٴξейٱʣһйٵȷû£Ƕܵ˼¡
Щ㵽̾һıȻ߰˸һӵϡ
ոշųǵ˲ķҲĵĲˣڼ߰˸ӵֻǿٴԼڵת¡
ڵٴеľһοʼĹ
һľǿƲϵ磬ֻǽ׵֮ȫе㸽
׵֮ʹ׷ֻһзųӽԼϡ
һȻҲֻǼһɲһ£㱻Ρ
龰ҲЩˡ
ô£ѵв׵ⲻ޻̸֮
Ҳûй˼ˣһЩѾͷ̳ܣȻֱҪɱ
ԵǸʬΣգǰһԾֱǸץȥ
ȻҲоʬ֪ͣҪǲֵԼһ¾ͻɢ
ʹòһԱһãȻеĸֱʬӭ˹ȥˡ
ŽʬֻצúͶԷĸֱײһ
һ°˶ĺ˼
Ϊסȥ·ʱȫ


127 һ
ΣʱˣϵǸйٿûţµסæٴξйٱʣֱйٱٷź⣬ʹ㡣
㼱æ̳һȻһһζһϮ
վʱѾһֽӣֻֽӣһס
ֽ̾ͷųһ̣ȵǰʱѾһĸС̧ŵĽӣԱվһĸˡ
һҲǸǰ룬˽
˽ŰһЩͬʱһЩֻһĽӣǽоͷųĹ֣Щһ֮УӣЩ龰ҲʾǸűУ˫ڰо
Ǽڷ̳ϵµĶֻЩһƮ˰գٱУֱ㡣
Ҳ£һĽӣоͷų˹̡
Щ̿ʼӣһ˲䣬ԺӾͶǡ
Щ֮е̾;Լܵ
ųЩ֣ûиоκεĲʣ
ųЩ֣ȻǾֽɷĶ˵ʵǻۣԼܹõЩ
ղŵʱڰȻЩһ𣬵ȴҲЩֵסųǴ˳
ЩһӶЩ֮еȴֻм֮ûл֮
ߺߺߵһЦȻһģǽٷẓ́εĺ̺ǰͬǾ۳һһţֱеЩ
Ǳ̻е̾أһӱֽС
ϵйٿҲżȹһ˵Ϊʲô£ԭֻЩȻˣǾͲõʱˡ
йȻǾΨһķйٱʣ±һ㡣
ֻйٱ̾ͷųһ⣬û˺֮УǺ̾ͺ˻һ̾ɢ
Щںڰ֮еҲǵõ˽ѣ̾ͿʼЩСֵסʼֽӴˡ
ϵйټԼһЧ£йٱʷų⣬ۿžҪֽ֮ϡ
ֽӣҲûб£ֻŵĺͻȻһ˵ȻֽϿγһɡǡ
ɡϣֻɡһЩ
ʱϵйЩľû뵽ԷȻķ
йҲ£ֻейٱ׵Уйٱзų̹⣬Ȼ͵Ǵһʯһ׹ȥ
Էйٱ֪ԼɡǿµֵסǼæջɡǣֻһֽӣӿһźеɡҲϺΪһ壬γһ
ɲǷֽŲͣɷ֮۶ɣƵзǳ
ֻ͵ӭȥֱӾͽס׹йٱʡ
ڽΪһرȻƽ£ӡУǺķǳļΣѣǿźȹ
ԸΥǺһͬйٱʽӴйٱʵĴ£ϾɼƬȻʧ֮С
ͬʱֽһİ
ֽܵĹ֣һ˲͸оȫֽ˹ȥ
ʱԸоֽһزջع֣ǰЩֲ
ϵйٱĺֻ֮жһ£žһ¡
йٱÿ죬ֽҲֱӵ͵һˣйٱʱˡ
ĹȫʧƮŵֻܵظ
龰ҲЩ£ѵԼҪӻִȥ
ԼӣǹеĶѾûӣԼˣôЩŹѾ
ԣԷǲŹѾġ
ȻԼҲֻƴһˣӻóԼһ
ֻһſĬ࣬ɷԪ˧彫׽ϿĴ춡ִͨݺ㿱ʩΣָ£Ī飬壬ƽ
޾֮Уһ֪άȣλڽ
ͻȻ֮䣬ұߵһλ𿪿˵ѣɲȡ
˵仰֮ڳλoом˸Ӧֻͷи⣬ȻһͶ½硣
Ľ£пܸʢͬʱһеλǸйҲж㡣
ϵйҲоЩԾˣΪղŽµǹѾоˣͥλoܹӵеġ
ָо֮йҲû˼ٶԸˣΪϵoѾûг֣ǵظһҶ
ЩoֵĻôҪ仯ˡ
뷨֮йپͲľǸϽϷ塣
֪йٸոնҪ뿪ڰоֳ˷ĸӰ
ֻĸƬؾ￪ʼ
ǸѾùĵй٣ͻȻָ֮ı뷨һΰĿͶ㡣
µ㣬ʱҲ𿽹ܻ
ſķ裬Щнڿе̾ͻһŵ֮󱻿ա
е㰵һǰЩСආʰˡ
ʱейһ׳йٱʣйٱӭͳϾͱúɽһֱ׹ȥˡ
бİ취ˣֻȫ߶ųһĹҪйٱʵס
Ҫ˵ſȷʵֻųһĹ⻷Щ⻷һռ뵽ܣйٱʽΧ֮󣬾ԽԽ
ейȴһδ߶йٱһμӿٶȡ
±ߵȻǲͣĻӶеĿҪƾſйٱʵס
ǣ⿽ȻҪ;ǶԸЩҪͱ˱ȶȷʵû͡
һйٵһйٱԽԽ죬оҲʼ
йٱ£ҲֱӾʹֽз˳ȥԱһòײŶһϮ
йٱڵϣֱӾͽֽҳһȻ·ɻصйٵС
ֽӻ֮󣬽һۣ±һֽԱߡ
ڹ˲ֽˣֻΰǰΣ
ڵͣϵظй٣ǼֱѻʯͶ·ʱͻȻ֮һǿڲͣĶ
һӦŷⲻִͣĹ
˳Ӧ˲ʹԽ޾ĿռγȣʶִĹһ


128 һ
ʶڤڤͻ˿ռʱ谭˹֮С
ٴһͻȻ֮䣬ִ¹о͹⻪š
춯̾;ڳݵĸ·ͽǣЩ̾ӿ˹ڵſһֻϱ߹Ĺš
һ±ߵЩͽǶѣǶΪǹˡ
ЩͽϾͼһڵϣͣ߶Ĥݡ
ͽǵĹУڴڵĹ⻪Ӳá
һݵͽһӴǹ⻪̾һŵĹȦЩϲͣĻơ
ܶͽ⻪һգ̾;üȫȫºʮꡣ
һЩͽѾǹˣеһ߿ͷһʹ顣
ʱ򣬹Ҳ˰µԪúУڽӵ±Се֪֮оһϲ
Ҫ֪޽飬Ǭٶ϶ɡ
֮󲢲飬ڰзǳı
ЩǸߣµµЩС췴ˡ
˵飬ôһΣ̽ˣҲϴһܡ
ˣλԪúмæոµģһȺг
ſڵʱͨŵĴȻڹ⻪ţâӹⴰ
ڹǧͽﲻͣĹݡ
ԪϺм龰æԼµĺУӵűϼ˽ȥ
ǲҲУڹ⳯ݵͽ̫ˡ
ȵԪúе˽ʱ򣬾ͼϵĹâţڱγһĺ⡣
ⱳĺɲͨϵĹ⣬񱾣ŭգѳָѶϣԖѳɣǻ˵
ͬʱⱳ⣬ŴΪ˵뷳գưa۲֪䲡ʩ¶ҩΪҽԵöѣÜž֣֮סؽǻ۳ǣͬ徻硣
˰µɮ½һǼѣâϾͿԿǹɣʵ顣
ˣЩһڵһ߿оģһͷأһϵĲˡ
ʱڹУۿ±ݡ
֮ҪҲΪ˿ٵһ֮ȻƾⲨ֮Խ磬Ǹйһۡ
Сȡ˺ܺõЧµЩͽǵĳݾͲ˵ˣһɹɵ֮ͣӿ
˺µɮ¶ﶥĤݣôЧ͸ˣȻЩǲһϣôմȾԣһߵݣ֮ͻᱻ̼ȫӿ
Щ֮ͣƶʼۡ
˺òˣֻһķ̾ʹεγԾ˳źΪһ塣
Ҫʱεά֮Уһλʥˣ˫ֺʮš
λʥ˾Ϳʼ̾ʥ˵̾ܵɮһ𸽺͡
Щ̾һɹһ˲ͳԽ˹٣ԽάȽִ֮䣬γһͨ
㱾Ҫ۷λռģһ˲ͷִ֣֮䲻֪ôģȻһǳ̵ܹͨͨﵽ硣
һתϾͲ²ӦλڤڤֵĴ֣ǰԼ
ˣҲɣֻĹǰһԾ˲ͨռͨϿա
ǵĹʹȴôҲ磬ԭѾoǰصĹҪ赲롣
ǿУһ룬ͻȻһֻһָһָأ˴Ը
ԸʱʮҵɱɴԵĳʮƵԵóɾͣȤᡣ
Ըʱ覻࣬󣬹ΡΡưסׯϣ¡ڤϤɿȤҵ
ԸðʱȻޱ硣ʮɷ࣬ʮãׯһ飬졣
ԸʱΪȲűƵȡʬ֮պĳߣʣвϤ֤ᡣ
˴Ը̾͵һĲơͬʱ˹ȥڣδͽ̾
֮⣬Ҳʼ˶Թ赲ͬʱһɫĹâ£뵽˹ڡ
âԵģ¡
Ȼˣٵԭһ
ĹˣΪѾ磬һ
иУ¡
³㷢Ըù֮⣬һĹΨһֵܹ
õλĻӡ
ӴĹ뵽˹֮Уԭȸոճ͵ĹͻȻĿʼǡ
ͬʱķҲ˸ı仯ԭȵʱֻйǣԼһЩʹ÷ֵСֶεĻôλͿĳΪˡ
Ϊڸղŵһ˲䣬ԼĻӣλ̤еĵһػϲء
ͨķ˽ľ磬ȻɷܹΪʮأҲʮȼػϲء빸ءطءĵ۵ءʤءǰءߵԶеء˵زءŵƻ۵ءʮطƵء
зƵҲһƽȾأ˼˵ﵽһȼʱѾͷûʲôˣֻڹ²ʱ
֪Ĺȼλһȼ
ǵĹǵõϿɣΪ˳ͬʱҲ߱һЩеͨ
˵֤ûϲأͬʱӵһٸһٸͬʱдԽʱͿռǰһٸӾӽ
ͬʱһصǾǿԼĹΪԼֻҪǹ²㲻ֹ
оǻ˲˽һо䣬Ϥϰá
ҹڣͨͨͨͨͨͨ
ڵԪڹ֮Уܳʱ䶼ܹ԰Ρ
Ҳڵԭ˵ǸͨˣҪΪɵڵߡ
ķô˻Եȴһ죬Ϊ˳Ҳλǳĸߣ˵֮УҲǵ͵ˡ
˵ԪմȾ˹λܹУ


129 ˳Ӧ
ͻȻλĻеʱһη˲
һβӳ֮иѣͬʱ֮;һĺ¡
ղ㾹ȻˣֱΪĹ뷨Щ¡
ѹ֮һ˲ƿ˹ͬʱͨһӿļ䣬ͺıһͲҪκεϰ
ŹͨһӦͷ±ߵԼı壬Ѿ˼Σյ״̬
Ҳٵ飬Ĺһ赲ںĻһԲ⡣
â壬һŲɫ̫һ˵֮ϡ
Ĺһ̾ͰѳеȫˣرǶڰķĸ
ΪѾû˲оۼˣؽͥԼõɵ뷨
֪ͻȻĳһɣô룿
Щظез⽵٣Ҳŵһ¡
رǸΪ׵й٣Ǿִͥʱ磬ʱǵĵظͥκһǰҪСģΪλϣͥÿǵظĵ
Ĺٵ۵Ͽգ¹ơ
ֻ±Ѿҳһţرı壬ǵڵأϻһЩѪԱߣǸʬѾĻ˺ۣȻԣ뿪
ǶѾҲŹӤһľӣվԡ
мǻϲЩʹ
ϲǶѾûΪΪΣվȻǿػԼԣԼһ
ʹΪػԼһϴŸֵ˺ۣһھΣԼΪҲǿС
Ҫ֪ڿǺӦһˣôغһӰԲǧ֮ڣежһֱ֮顣
Щ֮һĿ꣬Ǵǰɱй١
Ҫ֪Բǧ֮е䣬һʲô飬ִʱҲֻܼ죬Ҳûˣʾ硣
һԹ鳲һӵӿйԼڳڡ
ôһ仰ǧָ޼գɴ˿ɼĵ
λйԹӿ֮󣬾;ԼѾʼ˲ȡ
һ¿ɰйˣҪ֪ЩֻҪ͵ظңǾͿԶȥڷ˵ں
λйҲ˲ɱˣæڰй򵹣ϱߵλͻȻٵķŸˣͣĿͷ

ƶ˺͹֮еĹһλй٣һ룬ͻȻϷ⣬ЩĿĵģֱӾ±ߵйٺɨȥ
йٺǱһɨеԹһɢоġ
ͬʱϵظϢҲʼɢһϾۼһɷŵķ
ȻǿȱͣʵʮֵİԵûмµĹ򣬾Ͱĵظȫżɾ
ʱйٺ·òҲԵı仯
ԭйٵֲҲʼȻǺܳ󣬵ǲ֪ôģڿȥ;һɴȱϳ֡
ʱλйٺµѾ֪תɹľ
ֻһԺҲ˺⣬Щâ͹ϵ֮⣬ʼ໥Ӧ
ǽŵһ˽ɫƲʣĸʼһݲޣС޹š
ڿ˵ѶԪһ»صԼ֮С
ԪһصԼ壬ͷһ۾ֻԵĶѾеľѾ˵ϣŴڿϵĹѾĿɿڴˡ
һǻ˶Ѿ̻ͷ۾оᡣ
ŶѾȥ㣬˵ţû°ɣһΪѾˡ
˵ѾҲֹסԼίѾʼ
ǿ̧֣ѾԴȻ˵ûû£ⲻǺúõ𣿡
㰲οѾ֮пȥֻУǷǹţһֱسȫ
Ķڸͣߵ֮ӦǸղŹĳ֣سǵ˶ˣѾһЯףڽֵϲͣеĹߵݡ
һ龰ҲǷǳ⣬û뵽磬һ֮
ոյѹϵķ͸һʾһ˵ڸǱء
֮оĥˣһô£ѵ͸ղϮԼЩййأ
һ뷨̾ʹݵеĹ֮С
̾ͿԣԱ˫ֺʮվŵйʵ֮ܺ
йѾǹʵľѯǰһҵڤڤиӦ˴аħңħûκ˵
ǹ֮ոջõͨʼ׷µĹȥδ
ͨȻǿոһǹȥδеڵǰ
Щֳǲҷǳķӣͬһ龹ȻֵĽ
һ˱Ϣôһ壬ϾͳɵӣڵĹѾ߱˳ǻۡ
ǻ۲ͣĵ£ܿһڹʶв
һ̿ܳʵҲֻǹһ
һ˲Ѿ˽ԭίͬʱҲϢݵԺС
һ˽⣬λɹүķĸǰԼ鷳ͷǳŭ
Լֻһؼõ
ŭȻǴݵ˹УǹҲ
һŭ̾ʹ˸ֻڹ֣žͷӿ
һǱصλĸʵˣζ޷뿪ռ䡣
ԭղŹһλԴͨѾѸĿռȫķ
ӦԵǺԼɣôȻǲá
ǣλĸ͹ȣֱө֮¡
Ϊԭű֮У뿪
ڹ𣬾Ҫĸԭһ
ǹոһô֮оʹһϢùòʱͣ֡
ԭλĸתУԺмҪ죬ڻǶʱ
ڽİʾ֮󣬹֪ǰ˳Ϊʲô
Ϊλﵽһĳ̶ȣЩʱע֮УһһĹ涨ĻͿֻܽ


130 ʧ
ڹļ֮£ȻǲС
ô仰𣿴ƲɸģСƿɸġ
Ȼ޷ھʹĸǸɫӦûǿԵġ
ͷһܵ̾ͷ˶ǣƣ뷨Ӧȷġ
֮󣬹һѾеķĸ͸о֮бһӡǡ
ҲÿֲӡȴǸ꣬ôҲųȥ
֮⣬λĸоԼһϵȫжϣĺڰС
ͷϿһۣȻͻȻӹϷɳһ⣬Աߡ
ȵâԵİܵľȴ֣Աֶһ
ֻͷڣֱʯװεģŻƽɵĽƣصĹнȻĲͬ
λ࿴˿ͬʱ¶һ΢ЦȻǺֵͷȻͻһƽɵĵ
֣ǵɵ˹С
ŵ񣬶±ߵ˵ѣὫ˷ڴ˽磬Ϊһ֮
±ߵȻװģһ
½֮
ǹڽɫƶ֮е˵ͷȻһָһԼ˵֮С
壬ǰܵˣȻ֮ȫȬ
κ֮ǹͷһףɫĵ˲ǰ
ס񣬱Լǰ
ž뵽˸߿ա
ʱͨռǴͨȻͨš
ھͨͨܿ»ص˵ռ䡣
ȹʱ̾͸оų⡣
ʶУҲеĩѾ޷һˡ
ǹ̾һȻ־Ŀһ棬֮Ҫзֳһ
ֳ֮󣬿˹һ۱֪룬ž;Ŵľռȥ
ڷ̸ֳ֮оռųӵǿˡ
֪ܾˣǹһ̺ڤڤв֪άһϵ
ֻһ˲ʧڳֵʱѾⷽһ̨ϡ
һ뾻̴ⷽŹ
Ĺһ̫ҫŸա
ʱĹҲ˲֪ı仯ֻʵ壬ıá
ͬʱԼγȣҲʼı仯̧
˲֪೤ʱ䣬ҲģҲһ˲䣬ͻȻһȻָֻԭ״
ʱ߷ԵĸоѾʵ֮䡣
ʶڸĿռӣγһƬƬһƬ޵İá
ҹѾԵĸоڵάѾǰͬˣ֪γȿռ۲ŵγȵִһ
ҲΪҲ޷ռ䣬ֻͨתռԷϵ֧š
·ǰȥѾռɵ˵Ҳһء
ı۾ʼε֮С
ڹڸߵγ֮Уʥ࿴һۣȻ¶Цݡ
֣ҽ̺ܿҪֶһӡ
ӷ޹𡣡
һʥҲڸͣ޹𡣡
ʥʼ޹ʱһγȣʥҲ˸Ӧ
мλ࣬ׯϣ˿ˡ
Աߵһͷ׷ˣһЦȻ˵ˣǿ󡣡
һĬԵȴ˵ˣҵôƣȴ
ѣˣһһǣ춨ǵĿӣǷҵҪġ
ˡ
˻࿴һۣǶ¶Цݣž͸ԳĬȥˡ
˵㣬ʱɫĳһһصļǹȥˡ
˵ʱͻȻоԼ͹ĸӦȻڲͣ
⵹˵췴ˣΪڵĹһߵάȣǵϵѾγȵĲͬԭôˡ
Ȼ̾һȻ˵£ҲһЩõģǾԺܹٽùˡ
ڸղʱӵеͨڻЩ
ʱһһ߶ӳ֣ڵʱĹʶռΨһԼ˵һ˾ƿеĹ
ΰԼȫ֪ȫܵڶЩ԰Ρ
ʱ㻳бŵǸɫͻȻųһʶ̾ʹѹ
ٴѵʱȴԱߵĶѾץ䣬۶ǹġ
ҿһȻѾԴ˵ûˣΣȥˣʰʰȥ˯ɡ
ѾĵĿһۣȻ˵û°ɣҸղſЩᡣ
Ѿ˵仰۾ɵôģһƬľ衣
ϾˣѾǰԼղŵӵɷ˾ˡ
˶ѾԴһ£ȻЦʽѵ⣬ҵҪ񾭲ȴһ٣Ժ
Ѿ㷴ӦͷȻ㣬ʼԺʰ
ҡҡͷҲȥæ˺óʱ䣬ڰ߰ԺʰĲˡ
Ǿ׼ȥϰʱССĵ۵ţ㱻õ¡
üⶼҹˣʲô˹
վԱߵĶѾתһת·Ȼ˵ǻСһЩһǴء
û¶Ȼ֪ţӦþͲʲôˡ
ŶѾߵǰߣ򿪴ţһֱӴվ߰˸ۣǸԾŵǹһӡ
Щһſˣ߳һʿҲ֪ʲôţ˼һѾѸֵָ㡣
ӣЩ죬ԼûʲôѽõŹٸô
λϲ֪Сʲô飿
Ϊ׵һ㲢ʲô֣һȻǰŲһ´һۣȻ˵ǵ۵Ĺ
ţƶ
ۼҵˣǼæǰһ־ץס죬Ȼʵĵô£ǷŹ⣬ɵġϿʵҪȻܵġ
㱻ôһʣЩҭסˣ㻹û뵽ô͸ղŷ顣
ԵĶѾȴǸһ̾Ա˵ղиǰƻǵĵۣõеɱӣˡ


131 Ӵ
ۿ˿Ա߲廰ĶѾȻĿ⿴㣬˼ŲѾ㿪ڡ
ֻӣ˳ŶѾĻȷʵô£ǵйһаħ֣ȻиӦҪǰħ
ִ磬ô˵һѱ˵ɵӡ
ħ磬˵ӡĴơ
֮ҲɵöȻ𾴡
֮УֻҪǻһЩģͻܵĳݣοҹʱǷŹǷ𳪵ģѾѴҶסˡ
̾ͱùһȻС˵λղŵѾﴫˣ̫үһǰȥ
ʵλصһˣһһĸ˵ĹصүһѾ˳͢
οһأصΪֱӰٻȻҪһ
λ̫үĹϽ֮£ȻǲΥĸٵ롣
ȻôһҾǰȥðݷá
ãҾͶлˣſڵŵ
˵֮㹰˹֣µ˸ˡ
Щ˴ˣŴŶѾعҴҵ˯һСûһʱɫѾˡ
֮ڴ˺óʱ䣬һҹ˵仯̫ˣôҲû뵽ԼķȻһ죬ɾʥ
Էˡ
ѾĽкѹȻϽĳϴһ
ȵϴϵʱ򣬶ѾѾѷ˰Ժӵеʯϡ
߹ȥ˿㲻ʱСˣȻһ̴ͷ
֮һͷҧһڣ֮ѾŸҶ֡
극֮ȥʦ㣬ովȴֶѾѾԼǰ
ô˶ѾҿЩѽ
ȻûûΣǿǰĶѾҲ֪Է
ⶼ˺üˣʲôʱʽţұѽ
ѽѾ㿴ѽʵ̫æˣҽһҪȥżʵûʱ䣬һ죿
һ죬һ죬㶼˵˺üˣһ׼ӣҪˡ
Լ˵ü룬Щ벻
Ϊ˰С̣㻹Ǿӡ
ɣ֮֮ʦǰʽΪʦã𵤴󷨡
ãһɼסٷˡ
ᡣ
Ѿ϶Ĵ֮¶Цݣıı굽ϴȥˡ
㿴ŻĶѾҲ¶һ˿ЦݣͶѾһԸӰ죬Ҳǰʶˡ
һ·
ĵһ¯֮ϣȻ˵ļߵݡ
һûǰһվǹĬĬ
ʦϣˣһεķɾ͹ѾЩΥ棬֪ʦǷʦֵӣһӲԵʱöͭǮȫϡ
֮󣬴ȡöͭǮȻ߸ߵһס
öͭǮз˼ȦȻ󷭹˵ϡ
ĶöͭǮֻöͭǮתתȫƽöͭǮȫϡ
㿴һȻͭǮٴʦߵףлʦܹԼ
ȵʱҲ࣬Ȼ˵һ죬ɾͳء
ǵˣǰֻһĻҲûʲôڹȻһ죬Ϊ㱾и
ʰ飬һ·Ȼ֮ʰĶѾѾ컹㿴ۣȥһˡ
Ļſڣ̽˶ѾԴȥ۵¾ͽˡ
ĻشƵس˵ۣسĵȥ
һ·ϣ㷢ֳֽе˶Ǿηмӣ˵ϻʮӵһЩ̾ԡ
⻹㣬һ˿ɹ̻ᵹڵԶԶĸͷ
ܹĴ񣬼æǰˡ
¿ɴ˻߷ˣԱһȺȴΧ
ЩΧҲ˵ʲôָָĿ棬ʲôĶһ
Щϰû취˵ƿܰɣһ˵һԼҲ鷳˵߰ɣЩΧԱԼεĲˡ
ʱȺһϺȣǽźΧ
ʲôأ⼷һѣ·Ƕˣһһˡ
Ҫ˵ϰȻǾη𣬵Ƕž͸Ӻˣôһ仰Щ˷ӵɢ
һȻһǸԼۡ
۴ǰǹʩȻ˵ղſڻȲ㣬Ϊʲôأ˹ȥأߵ·ŷ㱻ˡ
üæĻ񣬡лλϲˡ
лʲôⶼӦõġ
ǰߴ·ں߸ţһ·ſڡ
ȵſڵʱֻſѾվżˣΪ׵һƷٷΡ
ԱվһģˣȴȽɡ
Ǽˣǰ˼ۣǰ
棿
Ͻ񣬡ţƶ
ˣæǰץסˬʹҡһҡ
ŵĴֻһֱԵҡ
Ҳңܵô̧ҵĸ֡
ʱԱߵĸ̿˵ˣҪѣǵȥɣſʲô
̫үλ񲢲⡣
ԶԶԣǵ˵˵֮ȥ
Щˣӵ룬ܿõĿ
˴˴̫ү߽˿ǺֻǸ̸ţʦү˶ſڲҽȥ
ȵ˿ǷֱϾѾ衣
Ų豭һڣȻŶ˵ǰһʱλصүսô£ҽһ
˵ʱʹ˸ɫȻԱߵǸ̿˿
һӵɫ֪̲ͨˣѯӦǸҪ֪ɡ
Ҳ׼ϾͰ̵ĳͻѾ滯ˣҲûʲô˼
֯һԣȻ˵ش˵ĻֻΪǰһʱһ̵ĸ߲㣬ǰˣŻữصүǰѰ𡣡
˵ʱ¶˽ı飬ʵҲǸ˿ġ
ѧղҵķ֮Ѿˡ
˵仰ͻȻЩˣΪű˲֪ʵ飬˵Ϲ


132 
Ȼ˵Ϲ˲֪
رṆ̀Ƕڰ̵ķ̣رǽ֮ɹصүķǰѾӴˣÿһԣһܡ
⻹̣ͷһμܹ⻯ɹصүİͽ
λ̼æ֮ǰʵʹʲô
һ˿˼˵˭ѽôò
Ѿ񣬵ͷŲ豭һڣ񲢲׼شʡ
Ҳܴʾ֪ˣɲͨˡ
ֻʵش
˵ҲʲôܣҪ˵ƶĹϮĹүҪֻ࣬ƶͨ󷨣ƶһŴ󣬽ɷƾ󷨣ƶǿĻС
긻֮Ҳͷ㲻ʲôˣ
ΪĻش𣬺ǵķĲࡣ
ЩΪȻЩǱϾͲ˰̵ˣƾʦŵķӦþص󷨡
̲ˣǷеĲ豭˵԰ʲô
һ⻰оЩˣӦǳ͢ɵ̵ʵʼǽдѹˡ
ã㱾ΪƾԼһ˵ûа취ֵ޾Ľأ˳͢ΪɽԼҲһЩ
ʵڻЩźģǹ޷磬ôƾʵֱӾͿϺƹȥˡ
ش˵ĻԵ޹ʾϮƶӦ׼һֽɴȥԳ͢¶ǲȶء
ĵͷʿҲǿ£ġ
ʱվ˵һȨ֣صط֮͢лҪ
λʽҲЩ
ҲҵϽվһ˵лʣƶ֪޲ԣ޲
֪ɽС
һ⣬оת˼ٸȦ
ôشҪ֪ز죬ԶĵطҲûгأ˶ɸͲ˽⣬Ҳûа취һط
ɽ͵ϷǳƣϾ⡣
ش˵Ļʦ̫ɽУйλɽʦ
֮Աߵĸ̿˿˼˵˵
Ǹв֪ʲôʱѾһɫӡ
ֻӵıϴɫһɫȴһת
˰ΣŅ̀ͷһͷ
¶ЦݣȻʵжѽ
ش˵ĻĿǰֻʦͽˣܿҾͻʦһŮӡ
ԸΪ͢ħ
ħұı֣ҵȳңڣܲס
˼ǳף˵Ҫħҿ԰æȴܵ͢Ĺ
˼ûзϣΪڴܳ󲿷ˣʽڵġ
ãȻҾΪϱ͢ʱ͢һз͡
˵仰֮ЩֿԱߵǸ̡
⸻΢΢¶ЦݣȻͷӻȡһֻƣ͵С
ӹ֮˫͵ǰ
ǳ͢䷢ƾֻ֤Ҫƾ֤͢ջأԺ۵вҵ͢һǮ˰ѡ
һĺ£ҲǸϽӹϸĹۿ
ֻǻͭ죬һƶ䣬мһ֡
һȴûװΣֻһ仰ʳޣͬ档
Щ㿴ϸЦ˵öǳ͢е޵ģǰ͢ڣܹȥʮöÿһöƵĳ߶һɣһöǵʮö
ĽͣҲʼЩԾһ룬ȷʵӦ
ûзǮ˵ֻƲܹף͢˰ܹ÷չɡ
öƸһ֤öƲܹɡ
ⶫ˵Ҳһ裬зչʲôģͲԼҪģֻгһܹҪõɡ
ȻķѾɾ˹λҲңڣҪֳܵ⡣
˵ҪӴԸΪɵʱ˴Ը޾δУʵԼԸ
˵޾δУ󲿷ʱ䶼ΪԼԸͣıĳɾͷҲһֱð
Ҫɾ͵ɵȴûôΪɵͳңڡ
㲢뷢չʲôɣֻԼһĬĬҪ˴ţֱһԼܳɾɵ
ôԼҪĬĬҲҪһЩǮƵģסͻЩػ߿һЩӣöҲǸԼһЩø
Ҳܵ˻Уҹֵл
ʱǸԼλϣǸȴվЦŶ˵ҲʲôǣΪ˵ƹ£Գ͢ʱҲʲôشϣܹάصİ
ƶȻѵأôصƶ˵Ȼ岻ݴǡ
е仰¾ͷˡ
Ǹ˵֮ͻȻʲôȻ˵ҼϿֳһ֪ʲô
⻰ҲһˣôΪ˶ʣһȥˡ
λ֪ȻڵţҲܹŵĶΣѵʱλ
ֻںεأɽУ
ȷʵֻ֪֪޾һ磬ǧС磬һСָᣬｲ
˵ʱǸȻǰɫԲ򣬲һ˿ſ
ȵѹ˵֮󣬰Ѹ͵ۣһеİ򣬷аһ˿仯
˵ģӦôһλʱʱе㻯
λоĥˣڵĻȻ𾴵Ǹϻϲ÷̡
ҪȻҲһιʦ
ȻˣԼβ¼سɲᣬ͵ǰҲһ˾ͻԼӹٽ
뵽֮λ¶Цݡ
λڴܳʷУûмأú˵һ˵ҼسɲᴫȥҲһ¡
ԷĻ⡣
ͿʼԼ׫еĹ¼ϵλ̾Ĵ˵һԵĽλ̡
ĿУԭָһλӣΪƺ쳾Գ޵٣ڳɾ
Ϊ߹ҫǧ磬Գɵ֮ʱ̾


133 ʩ
Լ׫Ĺ˵֮󣬱뿪š
Ǹһֱû͸¶յĸ̣ͳ⣬ֱ㲻Ӱ»صŵĿ
ȵ֮Ǹֶ⸻̹ʵ´ˣ㿴ʿܲΪ͢ã
ԭǸղűϾϿ㣬ҽ͵ϣʵֻǼɵʵ
ǸԼĺӣȻҡҡͷ˵˵ҲûʲôϵֻҪ͢ң͢һݹᰲҲǲġ
ȴҡҡͷ˵ʿղ˵ĻģѾ˴ˣͻȻصģǰû߹
λպµĸĻ͵һЦ
ⲻܣղһʱҾ飬鲢ûκεı仯˵˵滰
Щ߶߶Ķô⣬˵ǱҲ˽⣬ţһʿʲôܵķԺ˲ӣôϱ߽
λո֮վڿ˼ȦȻҡҡͷ˵ҵ鲻⣬ʦŵһѾ˼꣬ôʱ䣬ûһεʧ󡣡
֣ҲͲ˵ʲôˣϾԼֻڴԸĳ⣬ҲȴԼƨϡ
ȻôҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
˵뿪ֱ֮תһȦսһС֮У뿪Է˵ߣͷĨһ亹
ղṆ̀ʲôԼ֪ķ̽Լ˵١
ΪһԼĻѻһ¶ڣӵùһصģʵȴһ
Էķʲô⣬ԼĻȻûκηӦ
㻳飬»صԼĵۡ
ţһɽ˺
ſٶ˼ˣ˸ͼȥֻߵߵ˳ܹٴνˡ
Щ˺ôҲʶģһæƴ߼ȥǿĸóһͨ
խխ֮ͨУ˺óʱ䣬Ž˵ۣԺһԺҲǲ٣͵Ҳûʲô
һþһ
Ϊطû˸Ҽʦǰֻʮ㡣
Ѿվڹһԣͣľ㣬ҡ塣ѾˣӣԴ֮ûϢ
㼱æ߹ȥĶѾļȻλãʼװģ
ǰһֱϣɢȥ
ȵ˵֮һƨɾ˵ϣҲվˣһʵ̫ˣϺͱ˴սҪеܡ
Ѿֱæһˮ͵ǰ
ȵˮɣϻˮδء
Ͻˮ˹һͺ꣬˵ʵϵڣ˵һļɤӶʼð̶ˡ
ϿԷɣҶǰˡˮ֮󣬾ȲҪѾ׼
Ѿ׼ˣھͿԿ
˼æӵվŶѾʯԣһʯѾĸСˣȻһϡͷǶһʮ
Ҳ˲ˣһʯϡʹһڣȻץһͷͰˡ
ڳ극֮򷢶Ѿʰ֮ϢԼȴ˺Ժ
һδս˵ǾĶǣµ۵ĺԺڵĲˣм䷿̮ˡ
Ҳ֪ǲõԭǸ̨ȴ𣬶ҹҲûܵκε˺
ҲǷ˺ݣ׼жͷ߼飬һҪǸԼ
ߵ̳ǰ׼ü̳ϵıȻʼзһңȴľӰ
һԴսʱǰľѾۻˡ
ûа취ֻԼı棬ⱦǽɵ佣
γɽ̤ͬʱеɽʼл裬ÿһͣµʱȻضķλָͬǳ
ȵЩǰ֮ȻǻȻ֮Ų˾ݡ
һ֮߰ڼǧ֮壬һθоһƣͲһ˻˯֮С
ʱڵһһһ壬һ˲䣬ļ̳ǰǸ֮С
ۣǲȥֻڲ֮ڻɵһε忪ʼͣʵ龰֪һٴγɹ˶Էһһǡ
ٴͭպŹѪϡ
ͭ˶Բ˵ϣǧ֮һ۵ôС
ҲΪʹʱһЩǿã۾վԼһԹĿС˵ȥҷĸ
СһķԸҵæǳֱɽ
ȵĸеǸɽǰʱȴַĸŮֱվڶǰ
ȻǲĸŮȴ࣬СκεĽǰȥŶʩȻ˵λʦãҷ֮ǰĸλʦôһ
Ů࿴˿ȻŶѾ˵Ĳʱ򣬷ĸдҪ죬κˡ
Сһͼˣһӿǲˣɵʱ䡣
ʦýȥͨЩˣҪǽҽ˵شʧ
Ů֮ҲɫЩÿҲ֪ڰ̵ҪԣǷĸȴڽѾ˵κ˶ҲΥ
ڶ⽩ֵʱͻȻڶڴһƣСɡ
Ů˶ڵæתһŴСɽ
ɽ֮Уҹգһ˷ĸеĴɽ֮С
ȵɽ̧ͷٿĸʱ򣬶ǴһΪڵķĸɫ԰ףҲƣͷϵ˿Ѿкܴһֱˡ
Ҫ֪ЩԴӰڷĸµʱ򣬷ĸӾʹûбһֱǶʮһٸģ
Ҫ˵飬ԷĸĻŮԴ߰ʱ򣬾͸ڷĸźѾʮˡ
ŮĸӾȦͨ죬Щѳֲס
÷ĸ񻹲ЦЦ˵ʲôֻһЩӣͻָˡ
˷ĸĻٿĸȷʵŷһЩվʯԣùĵŷĸ
ĸִ֣ҲͲ˵ʲôǶ±ߵСʵ㲻ڽУʲô£
Сæڵ˵ĸʦղڻ˯۵ĴУǰҷĸ


134 ɼ
ĸСĿҲЩÿˡ
죬ԼΪǿʩչŽظǰȥǸĲˣ˳㽫Ǹʿʰˡ
ǸʿȻͷйϵٻ˷еȫߣԼҲͷ
Ȼ˵ûתȴҲһЩˣûʮĹָܻ
ҪǴ¿ˣ㱳дﱣţԼҪٴκԣ¾Ͳһô׵ˡ
뵽ĸ׼ֲܣһ룬̺ԼʮĳɹۿɹҪջʱ
һһζȡˣܹƽһʱ֮Уݻõ칬
ĹԼɵõĿ˵͸һ
Լһأٰһ壬ȹѣȵԼ֮Ҳˡ
ȴܹӲģֻüС
ĸ뷨֮۾һתȻˣԼ͸Ǹʿһκãһĵġ
ʿĵļ̣Լ޿κΣҲֻá
ĸ뷨֮󣬾Ͷ±ߵС˵֪ˣ㲻صģٴɽһˡ
ĸ˵֮ͻ˻ӣõµŮС˳ȥ
ȵĸС򷢳ȥ֮һŮĲ£̨ɽߵһʯ֮ڡ
ǷĸƽϢĵط
ֻĽźӣܵǽȫǰɫʯשɣƽɵڰʯ֮޵ţɫɴ
һˣǻԼԿһٺһáֻ¶ͷǿԿɫڰ¾ɣȫݾķȫ
ĸױ̨ǰ֮֮ϣױ̨ǰǸͭԼա
һĸЩüЩãʱһģȴѾƣʮ긾ˡ
ĸ̾һ֮ױ̨ĳȡһСƿȻߵһȵСĺ衣
ԱߵǸŮĸҩһĻ֣̿ȻԱȰ˵ĸҩǻ֮ҩõĺá
ĸ̾һȻ˵Ƿǳʱ̣ò÷ǳֶΡǸʿҪ˵ǲһʤˣֻдıܹɹȻؽ
˵ʱ򣬷ĸᶨһھͰеĺ˽ȥ
ĸ֮̾;һŵһ𣬴ĺֱ뵤
֮󣬷յԽӵңһĸ;Ҫȼһ
ñԭЩ˵ķĸЩˣҿԱߵŮֽסȻĻҪڵˡ
˺һĸڵĻĿʼս֮ڡ
ȵ˴ʱĸžһЩƿԵŮһпȥ
ֻڵľгֵòѾ˶ʮһòٸ
ֻ⻬ѩĵһͷڷڡڷ٣Ƕż飬ϲһɫ黨¼ƽɫա
ֻ⾵ˣòǣ˾ޣüۣ촽һ㣬۲תˮ̺һЩʲôɲ⡣
ͭеòĸĵͷͬʱҲ¶Цݡ
ĸˣŮΪԼ׼
ĸ˵˼ҲԵŮһЩĻͷһֻԼŮ΢ţ۾ԼòЩճԡ
ĸŮԼѾˣвɵһĽ
òŮӶҪοǸʿͲǸʿǲʳ˼̻
ԼһȥеʦһԣʿǷǵļᶨ
ĸ뵽ʱǵЦݸӵĲˡ
Ƿĸȴû뵽ȥ̽㣬ֺγħϡ
Ҫ֪ĸ£Ҫؽͥôûв
иУȻή谭ֺͷĸ˹˳ƶΪҪһĸ
ĸܹرģգôǶȹһ١
ܹرģԼľôǺǻҪʲôˡ
ʱĸһнɾͣͲԼŬܹˣΪ˵ĸӹ
ĸԡ֮󣬻˳˵·ʱŮΡ
֮󣬸ԼŮɽ²ҪɽƮƮ뿪˺ɽ
֮ϣĸӻȡǼȻ󵱿һס
ڵϵʱ򣬾Ȼһ
ڳԱ߻żŮͣ⼸ڵ֮ҡҡ壬ϵЩӲɫͲˡ
ŷĸЩ˵ķ£
ڷĸ֮ǰصǸĳƤ޶ǰߵĿ¡
⿥һ˻⳵Ȼڿն𣬷ɵУ߶ȥ
˵ڰҹٴʩչ˶ͷ߼֮ǻȥܹ˯ȾˣȵڶҪʱʱ
һ죬ȷʵǰ۵ĹǺҹͺ͵˴սһҲϢ೤ʱ䣬ֱӾͱţһдͽ
֮ɢɢİԼĵϣȻ߳˷ţһۻûпš
㱾׼ȥˮϴһ£ո˼ûеͿѾһˮӳ˳
ϿϴɣˣǵѾкЩڵˡ
һЩˡ
ͲЪһЪû첻ˣϢһ졣
ǶѾȴˣ֪һ˶Ǯ𣿡
ѾһۣȻҫƵ˵жʮӡҪǲţǵʧǮѽ
ѾˮǰѧǰοԼӣͷȻ˵ԣˣϿϴ֮ԷϾͿӪҵˡ
㱻Сֵû취ֻϴȻһ࣬һͷѾš
ȵ۵ĴŴ֮̾һ˷ӵ롣
㿴ȺüͷԼѵس֮Уֱһܱʡ
ҪǴӽԺÿ춼ȻǮ˵ˣûʱٰˡ
취
һţһ߻صУʼкЩͣӿʱţһֱʱȺɢˡ
Ĺ˵۵ĴţȻĶһԸԼɨĶѾ˵ǲȥˣҪÿҲð
ǶѾȴЦеĴӻȡһǮǰһΣȻ˵ʮʮǮ⻹ɢ𴲣Ļܵʮӡ
ѾЦеӣѾǮȥˣһԼĶͷԼĽȫʧˡ


135 ˽
ѾҲĲ⣬ʱ׼رķʢ
˾һ׼һİ׷͵ǰ
ȻǻЩգǿʢԼѾڵı飬ҲֻεĽʵˡ
ڶѾǳԷԵһʱ򣬵۵ķһα졣
ü۵Ĵŷ˿Ȼ˵òϢһˡȥŰɡ
ǶѾȴ꣬ôУǵۣôܱŲɣ
ѾվϵĳĿһۣЦݵȥš
㿴ӲȥӴͣǵƹļһ
ȵѾ򿪴һֻ۵ſͣţһԱ߻վĸŮͣŵһˡ
һ۵Ŵ򿪣߳һʮĵãæʩ˵λʦµϣڵ֮нһʱ䣬֪ܷͬ⣿
ѾûпڣʱѾߵſڵȴֱӾܾˡ
ǵֲǿջ˵ĿջкüңһҾˡ
һ˼㿪ھܾ¶˿ЦλʵҼŮ죬ջ֮˶ӣ»ײҼһ徲ĵطʱס졣
ǵۣÿ϶Ҫкܶͽǰ㣬ʱ˸࣬ҿ㻹Ѱĵطɣ粻еĻͰһԺӣǲǸڡ
Ǹ˼βʵû취ˣֻ»صԱߣ˵˼仰
һһŮͣһСĺ첼ݵǸ˵Уź첼»صǰ
Ҽ֪סȷʵЩ㣬Ϊֲ۵ʧصһЩǮ
ʲô˼ǻл
Ҽ˵˼˵ʱ䣬۾ʱҪˡ
һһֱĬĶѾ˵۲̾ͲԸˡ
ôУÿкܶǰݣôΪھͶǽš
仰˵ĹûʣȴöѾ̬ΪͽǣΪһҪʧܶǮ
Ǹ˶ѾĻ΢΢һЦͰеĺ첼򿪡
ֻһͶѾǰĶСԪ
㻹һЩϾѾ˼ʮңҲӰǰֻһƽϢ˼顣
ǶѾȴһ۷Ź⣬ǶǼʳһǼԪţͬʱѾʼͣսɿ
Ǹ˿Ѿӣϵ΢ЦӵĲãеĺ첼ݵ˶Ѿǰ˵Сôܷһ㣿
ѾǰĽԪҲûеֿ֮ˣһѽӹǸСڻУЦݵ˵û⣬ھ͸׼ͷͬʱһӽ쿪ʼرţֻҪǻסţǵ۾Ͳˡ
ѾţЩˣôѽôסİˣһŮ죬ѾϿǮ˼ҡ
ѾĻЩԥҧðĺ첼ݵǸ˵ǰ
ǸҲʵû취ˣû뵽Ȼβ
ʱͻȻͶѾһһ
ô£ûУ
ͶѾ˳ķȥֻһλٸѾߵĲ³
λŮӳʵ̫ƯˣִĸŮŮӵʱҲЩĿҡա
ʱλŮӵĿ˹ֻһ۾ѳֲʱߴ˶Ѿ֮
һϾ㷴ӦѹѾЩ졣
ҲǳˣִʱҲǳɹ׵ģοִֵŮǲ֪ΪʲôŮӵʱвһռ
͵Ůһۣһոһ
ҾãȻλҪסôи㣬ҲǲԵġ
Ǹվǰˣ⻰¶Цݡ
ȻһνеǸݵǰ
Щ˼տʼʱԼܾ˼ҹƯȻͬˣ⻹ˡ
ǲ֪ôģԴȻܲסԼֽţֲֻľȥסǸ
ʱѾͻȻ֣һģȻӹǸֱӾӵǸ˻
ǲȱӣҵҲǿջޣǻ߰ɡ
Ѿ˵仰֮󣬻ݺݵĵԶŮһۣǿһ꾫һ
ô˵أ˼ҹû㣬˵ǵȷʵпշвʲôԣǰһʱ䲻ҲӴǸ𣿡
ôһǲǸеģǸŮģһҪǴԷǵ۵ҪҪˣ
⻰ҲеܾЩ̣ͬʱҲЩź
ԶŮӺҲ˶ѾĻĿ˿ѾͻȻеЦݣһ¾죬ͻȻ̫һ۵ܶġ
û£Ȼ۲㣬ǾڸԺӰɡ
֮źջ˻еǸ֮ҡҡͷת뿪ˡ
Ů֮һĿ˿㣬¶΢Цͷ˳
֮ˣڽֽʧˡ
ʱȻվڵ۵ſڣŮʧķճյĿš
ʱͻȻоԼһĴʹһϾѹתͷһֻѾ죬Լ䲻ͣŤš
龰ﲻ֪ѾˣԼûѽС̵ôˣ
ѾѹݺݵĵһۣȻתȥ
Լ޹ôˣ
ʯǰԷȴǳΣڷϣѾһԲ
֮⣬Ѿÿμв˵ʱ򶼻ݺݵҧڣҧĳƵġ
ԴεշǳĲӦҴҵĳЩһ̵ػصԼķȥˡ
ոջصԼķ䣬ﴫô
Ӵ̽ԴȥֻſڶѾĨϴ룬һȴǳĴֱĲ£ֱӾӵ˲
ͷϽѴϣԼĴϣ׼
һҪ붨ȴǳѣΪֻҪһ۾ͻǸŮӵò
ûȥҵ˰ҹ׼Ƕͷ߼ʱ㲻֪ôģҲû˼ȥˡ
ʵڶ˽ˡ
ҲûʦĻֻҪʦָ㣬Ͼܸǰ
ΪѾڵֻھһʱڵתɽ𵤡
ʱܳΪˡ
˵һĹؿڣүȻǲô׵ĳɹԾͻή½ѡ
˽ٵˡ


136 Ӵ
ڴϷȥһϣ˵ڶ峿ʱǿǿԺһ
ʱʵ˯㴩һ·ɢɢԺ
ոճžϣӳĶѾ
ѾһۣͷȦͨ죬ûϢãѾɸֵĵһۣȻû˵ϿϴԷɡ
㵽˲һЩϽˮϴϴȻʯǰ׼͡
ã֮УͰһˣûжһӡ
ĶѾﻹ֪ǸŮ˸סˣİеĿһӡ
ǰˡ
͵̧ͷĶѾĹĹĵģϾ֪ԼʧˣεԼıӣȻֺõĶԶѾ˵ѽķóѽ
˵žͼһӲԼȻֺõĶԶѾЦЦ
ѾȻҲû˯ãҲʱŹĹĵҲ룬ʼ
緹֮ſʼˣΡ
Ҫ˵ҵΣӦǸո̫ӵʱͽУʵ̫ˣǻŰθ緹֮
ȸλʦ㣬Ȼ˼ͷڹԱߵ
ֲ֪ȥĶţȴ۾ɵһһ򲻶
ĶѾϴ֮󣬴˵۵Ĵţ׼Ӵ͡
Ҳ֪ôˣ˺óʱҲһۡ
öѾ֣ƽʱΧ˺ЩˣѵʲôǶĵطȥˡ
ڶѾֵʱͻȻ䣬ԶһСΣСм׳ļ́ţԱ߸һѾߣƵľ˵۵ſڡ
ѾΪļҴ󻧵ŮǰˣǸϽһԼ·һͷСǰȥѧӴһס
ƶˡ
㻹˵ȻѾͻССһӣЩȻ𾴡
ǸڽԱߵѾߣϽ˶Ѿһ򸣡
ҼСǰ㣬֪ԺܷӴ
Ѿˣ̬ȸĺá
ҵȵ۾Ϊ˷λʩʲôܽģ
Ѿ˵֮һȻ롣
ǸѾ˵һǽӱǰ˼ͣ˵۵ſڣѾ߳һλˡ
ѾϸһϾ̡
ԭ˲ˣǰ޵λٸ
ΪŮǵ쿪ʼǻ겻ᣬҪȥǵ˻
ǶѾϽǰһˣϾҪ̨׵ĽŲţ˵ѽղмˣǵ£û𣿰Ҳǻǹɡ
λ˶ѾĻһ㶣û˵ǸղŻʮòǸѾߣȴˡ
ʲôղŻǽȥôˣ¶ˣ
ѾѾ˵Ͼͻ˻ȥǵʲôʱ£ѵҪ֪ͨСѾͷƬҺ˵첻Ӵ
Ѿ˵֮һ˦ӾҪߣͿ˳
һߣһʶѾѾô£߶˳ˣǳҪƽ͡
Ѿߣ۾׾˽ɫæǰӭס㣬Ӿϡ
ûû£ղ˵ЩżѾѻ˵ˣȻȥɡ
Ǻðɣɲٺ˳ˡ
˵ţ׼»شȥ
λԶԶѾ߳ˣٻȥԵǸѾʹ˸ɫ
ѾһСʲô߸غô£ò˽ȥ
һɲ˵ĵӣæ˦Ѿ˼һ̾Ͱ۾
ԭ˼ĺλͤͤվſڣЦӯӯĿ
ڼŮ˺û˻һֻʣ˳ճյ΢Ц
Ѿһˡ
ǸԱߵѾ߼㣬ճյĿǵС㣬Щˣһ˵λӡ
ЩΣϽƲһߣǵһˣ۾Ȼͣȥ
λ˺ҲԼѾ߿ЩãתתѾߵ䣬ȻСѵ㣬̫ûòˣˡ
û£û¡ѵѾߣϽֺõ˵
ǸѾ߽ĿһۣתͷʱС㣬˼˵ô˼Ҷû
λ¶һ˿΢ЦȻָĵ˵ѾߵĶͷȻ˵һ䣺Ƥ
λ˰Ѿߣõǰ˼Ȼǰʩһ򸣡
ūҽƣ
Ҳң롣˵仰ʱѾЩ޴룬һ˵ëͷСӡ
λ˿һۣһ¶΢ЦȻ̤˵ۡ
ƽ˴żûиͷһȻճյĿıӰЦ֡
ʱѹƨƨߵĸȥȻһ·λ
һԵĶѾڵźˣѾЩ˵ˡ
˵Ͳһȥź˼ңͲ¼
Ѿʱλ˵ѾߣѾߵ˶ѾǰȻһͷ̧ø߸ߵҲŽš
ѾѾЩҪѪˣԼĶͷ
˵λ֮֮Եһ㣬˽˵С
˽ӵʱλ˵ָ
һ£;ߵûʧȥǣ֪ǸϽջĿ⣬ȶһԼ飬վڹԱߣʼģ
λ㣬ϵʦߵͷ֮󣬽¯֮Уٴ˫ֺʮ
ѾϣϽ˵ʩһ·ˣڵ΢ЪϢһٻȥҲ١
˵֮󣬾εŽơ
бۿһۣΣǲܾ̾ԥһ¾ʹӦ㡣
ԷӦˣǸ˵ԣǰߴ·ڵĽλ͵˿֮С
˵ǿʵ᷿һ仹㲻ķ䣬ƽҲ鷿
Ƚ˿ֱȻкѾõĲҶóϡ
Ѿûа취ܾ㣬ֻĹĵȥˮȥˡ
ˣܰλˣʵ˼סιСسѽ


137 ǻ
ǷֵĿһ£Ȼ˵ūԭɽסȥżҲΪƲⲻݣ»صû뵽ĸѾȥֳҲ֪١
˵ŮôôɷˣżҸϳ
Ȳ˵ûеطסĻԺסɡ
ǽĻЩɣ󲻺˼˵ūһǻȥסɣسǵķӷۿɲͣūҿû
һԭɬһʲôϵûеطסԼеǷӡ
һĴ˵ҵʲô£ԭֻС¡
Ҫ˵ʱһѾ˽
Ѿ裬ȷǰһָǸŮǰһ
֮ѾҲûгȥôվҪǵ˵ʲô
ڶѾվԼԣǳĲεʹɫöѾȥǶѾ۾컨ͺһͲ㵱¡
ԼҲЩΣֻ豭һڲ裬Լ
ȷ²豭˵ˣسǵһԺӣǷʱûеطȥĻǸطס
λĻ۾һ£Ͼְ
ôԣסڵķԺ˵ȥ˵
ǽ˵仰֮󣬻ԹĿһۣһֻ㿴ĶҪˡ
һӣ˵ʲôԵģ˵˵ȥɣһ⣬˾ڴ˰ӣصı˵Ļ
˵ʱһŮسסȷʵףԿηֻһ˵ҺЩϵҵ˵һǸլӵ׶ЩѲߣЩ˶Ͽ㿴Σ
λգǻ˵۾һۣȻֳɬЦݡ
˾Ͷлˡ
ûû¡
ūǮƲ࣬ûа취ˡ
˵ʲôǮ飿ѽ㾡סţ鲻Ҫ롣
˵ֻԼһ£תԼԵĶѾ˵ãѾҲڣԿóһǰ·ͽ˵ǵǸլ
ѾǾܾģһԼȥֲֺǸŮĻһΪܼһʱ䣬Ѿ踺أΪѵĸһˡ
ǶѾǿĹһ˿Ц˵ھȥԿף׼һ£ھߡ
Ѿ˵֮ͷɿĳ˿ֱԼķ䣬ҳԿ׾Ժ
ʱҲûǸ˴ӿ
Ѿ龰ЩģһƣոߵſڣͱǸ˵Ѿߴסˡ
ʲô˵ȥʲô
ѾһʱˣָŶԷı˵˵㣬˭˭ѾߣҸ㣬ǵʦãǷƽƽġ
Ǵ´˶ѾһۣȻҡҡͷ˵ҲţϸƤһǴ˼ҳٿ㣬ϵļӶϺ˰ɣ
Ѿһӱ˵ԼʹϾЩ
˵ϾҪԼʦãʱԼѧ˷ԼͺЩˡ
뵽֮󣬶Ѿһָ߸ϵ񣬿˿㡣
ߣҲЩӽϾϿÿҽȥ¶
ǸѾͷȴſڣͲöѾȥ˾鷿ſˡ
˽ֲµʱͻȻߴ˽ŲҲǼĻһۣϾɿ֡
ոշ֣ûʰһ·㱻ֻڵİ˳
ȳ֮һСվһʮȵӣǵ·Ѿһţ˾üͷ
λ˺ǰûзƵģȻЦӯӯߣҲֻʱеɻߵ˴⣬԰͵ϡ
ȵ˽֮ԵĶѾ
Ѿŷ˻ȥȵһ˰ŵլӣٻ
Ѿ첻Ը⣬Ǽضʹɫֻεĵͷ˽˵ĽԱ߻ȥˡ
վڵ۵ſڣһֱ˵ĽӲӰŰ̾»ص˴֮ϡ
ǾոҪһԼղźǽһʱʱĽü͡
Ҳ֪ղô£ǽڵʱûӰ˸ߣ;ˡ
һû취ˣֻվӴһվҲû£һֱʱŽɢȥ
Ϣ²ŷԼ绹ûгԷǸϽվڴſѾôѽ
㺰˺ü飬һ߶ûһЩƣæǰſڣһƣһȴֳһˡ
㵽˲ԼŶѾȥǸ˴·Ƿһ룬ǸլҲԶѽ⵽ô£ôѾû
ѵ·ϳ¶ˣ
Ȼ˵Ǹ˵֮УǶڶѾѾͷǺĵġ
Ҳ˲ˣæϵ۵ţɿԼǸլȥ
ߵ·ϵʱȴһСŮһ̯ǰԵʹء
ֻɨһ۾ǰߣֲַͷæϸһⲻǶѾĸ
Щ֣ѾԽԽӴˡ
Լһ̵ûûȵģԶˡ
ߵѾͻȻ˵óʲôڶģ
ѾԵĸ˵ģھ˵óԣڶģҲһ룿
ǺãҲһ롣˵˶ѾԱߡ
ʱѾžòͷԱһֻԱߣ۾ء
Ѿ㷢ˣЩ˼æԼǰ룬͵һ˵ԡ
԰ɡ
ѾĽ·Լǰ֮Щʵ𣿡
ʵЩתۿѾСӣҲЩ
̾һ֣Ѿͷ˵˺ˣûϿ԰ɣ˾Ͳóˡ
Ѿ㲢ûѵԼһ۾һתͶһԵ̯ϰ˵һ룬ԱߵλǵûԷء
⻰Щ֣㻹֪ûԷѽ
ѾͷȻ˵ұӦͻˣλһֱקʶģ˲ŵʱ䡣
һ漰ˣ̾۾˵ʲôûҵ飬㲻˵˰ɣ
˵ʱòεŶѾ
Ѿ㲻Լ÷ǳԩģҼ䵽ȥˡ
Ѿ˵仰֮ﲹһ䣺СС˵һЩȱ㡣


138 ȫѹ
ڶ죬Լһ£ųΣȻԺеʯԣȴŶѾ緹
Ѿ͵Сˣʯû೤ʱ䣬һٻǲ緹Ѿǰ
ѾĶ棬÷ǳɾǾͲɵƲƲСѾͷ۾תתʲô⡣
ֻڵظһ࣬Ȼ˫ǰ
λأ־ȥ࣬һ߶ѾŵıȽ磬һ߽ӵıȽȻһȫ·ϡ
һ¹̵ϣȻ㻹·ҲܲˣһӾʹӵͣĶϵĲࡣ
ѾҲŻˣóԼϵĨͲͣ
û°ɣû˰ɣ˵˵ŶѾ񶼴˿ǻ
㿴ŶѾҪ޳ӣҲ֪ò˵
ûа취ǿڰο˶Ѿ䣬Ȼͻȥ·ˡ
ȴûпתȥһ˲䣬ѾϾҪ޳ı飬̾ʧˣǻ¶һ˿ļЦ
»صԼķңȴ·ѾûˣֻһЩɾġ
ûа취ֻðո˵ĵӵһߣһͨĲۡ
»صϵʱ򣬶Ѿ룬Ŀ
ˣ¾ˣԺСĵ㡣
Ѿ仰¶ЦݣȻĵ˼ͷ
֮ͻƽڳ극֮ȴЩԲһԺתȦһͣſڸt
ڿʲôѽ
ûûʲô
Ļش˶Ѿһ䣬۾ȴû뿪ſڡ
һͻȻ졣
ţѾվȥţԱŵǱһһ˲ʹ˳ȥûȶѾ߼Ѿ˴ſڡ
ѾںŴ죬ȫǲ˼飬Ҳ̫ܵ˰ɡ
ûѾɿĴ򿪴ţ̽ͷһ
ȻվŵǽԼѾߴ㡣
˼򿪴ţ̾¶΢Ц
лṩһ֮СһЩģص
˵֮ԱߵĴ㼱æʳǰ˻Ρ
ֻɨһ۵ĺУְĿ⼯е˽˵ϡ
һС²
˵֮󣬾Ͱѵ۵ĴŴ򿪣˵ͽ
ȻŽȥ˼ʲôͷ˿ţæֻȥѴϸغá
ʱĶѾѾʰ˳ſڿǻûʧӣвء
Ȼǰѽ뵽鷿֮С
֮󣬽˴ѾߵнӹǸʳУƵǰ
Ҳ֪ĺϲĿζ㳢һ˾ǡ
ģģֻҪôá
˵ʱ۾ؿλˡ
˱˵Щ˼ˣǺΡ
ôϷԼķˣЩˡ
ʿô£һ˾Ȼ˵ḡ֮
˸Ͻ䣬Ȼ˵ûˣȥɡ
Ȼ붯ǿŽ̬ȼҲֻǷ߷ߵ뿪鷿
ʱѾӦæ˽͵֪Ǹӵʿ
Ŷô
ӵʿ˼˵ǿԽɼҵġ
˶ôԵİʾɵҲ֪ʲô˼Ѿߵͨ죬˵ʲôϵ
ҲԼղŵĻʾ̫ˣҲò˼˱ҲĬ
һº鷿֮о˹֮С
һλ˺ЩԣǱһ˵ˣۻûϸһƣĴ
úúãû⡣ڽ˵ҪǴ֪ôܾġ
Ž˿ʼС
С۸ոսֻԺӣǰҪĽ
Žһ㣬Ȼڴϸ˽һЩʦ¼֮󣬾ʹȥ˺Ժ
ԺҲֻǼ᷿һһˣûʲôÿģ˺ǶںԺмǸ̨ǳȤ
ôи̨ѽǸʲôõģ
˽˵ʻǰ۹˿мǸ̨һ£Ȼ˵Ŷûʲôһ̨ӡ
һûЩأܲȥ
ȻûоܾĵǱŽ̨
̨֮Ϻûмһ̨ϵ㰸ԼµĹ߶ǳĺ棬Ǹ
˹㰸мǸˣȻл˻㡣
ʲôѽѵ»òˣ
㿴Ǹ˵ʱ򣬺ʲôһ˿Ǻܿľְȥ
ûʲôһµĹߡ
ѽŲ˺ʮֺӣҿͻȻһСģѲ˵ظˣߵһճѪ
һ½˺һϽѲ˷㰸֮ϣ֮ת޹ı鿴㣬ⶫûʲôϵɣҪȻһ
ڲһ˲ѵĹһͿֽ̨ӹǸˡ
㿴ˣѾȫˡ
ЩɥԼôʱ䣬ֺһ̵ĸִһɥǹһ
ʱĽ˿Ų˷ǱˣļȻʵǲ˻£
˽˵Ļڿӣ㲻֪ôľҲ޷Ůӡ
ûʲôһ𣿡
˵ʱ־ͰѲӵ˹֮ϡ
ûʲôÿˣߣǵǰ˵ɡ
˺ղѾЩˣ˳ӵĵ˵ͷ
ţ͸ߣ̨ȥ̨ʱҽһѸղŴǲظеǴѪ飬ѾȵĲӡ
һǰһǰԺ·Էʱ򣬽ͣһ£Ȼָⷿʵʲôطѽûҿ
㿴ָķ䣬Щ΢죬Ȼµ˵ûʲôҵԷ
֮ʮֵľ棬һûȥʿԷҽȥɡ
֮ʶľܾΪķǰжѾѾֱŤѾҵòˡ
ܾĻûпڣͶǽˮ۾˾ܾĻֱӾͱ˻ȥ
㻹ǽ˵⣬ԼԷ
ڷߵĶѾŽ˽˷䣬ϾͲˣǰû߼ͱǸסˡ


139 
СѾͷҪʲô
Ѿ˶Էʣûػص˵ʲô
Ǵǰ˼´һ¶ѾȻ˵ЩûǱܣʡᡣ
Ѿ֮ŭֱԼԩҶͷ
㲻ҷˣһҪǵأҪǴȥǷǸѸ⣬ǵɻҪء
㣬˵ʲô˶ѾĻ̲סָŶѾѾЩ
Ҳ̫۸ˣѾֱĺĺ
ѾղŵĻѾռϷ磬ڰѱǿ̧ø߸ߵģҲ㣬ԹȥǴԼӵĺ£ǰһһεס˶Ѿ
ϾȶѾ꣬ŵĽǶѾܡ
ѾȻǰˣǶϵĲȴûκεİ취
ѾʵǴһҪҪǸСӤǰĴһɫ
ͷһ뻹˰ɣҪǰǰųһô
Ѿֻ۾ӣߵĿŶĴ㡣
ʱİѾŽ˰Լķιһ顣
ˣķʵҵĲӣȻʼָʰ
տʼЩ˼ڽ˵ļ£Ҳͬˡ
վԱߣŽæǰæʰӡѾʼţԺͽһĳ
ʱԼֵ۵żʱҲܸ£ЩǮ˲ٳּʱһӣǾ͸ˡ
ýʱͻȻһȻʲôҪҪҸϴһϴ
бһԭǹķ⼸Ƚæÿ춼æ椣һֱûй˼
ⶫ֪صģæҪӹ
ⶫŰɡ
ǽ˿ȲӣɵЦЦȻ˵ѵװʲôҪһҪٿһ
˵֮ǽһŤͶ֣Ȼ嵲㣬ͰѰ򿪡
֮󣬽˿װŵһƽ͵
˿ʱ򣬲ľͲһǰδеġ
ָʮֵͻȻǰĸʱȫӡ
ĸΪĸͽΪѧϰ̵ķʵĸûжٳ羴лȡ֮˼
һؿǰȴȫûκεĲ뷨ֻǰÿչݡ
㱾ҲǸ򿪵һ˲䣬Ҳѹ
һѹ֮;ûð⼸ԼôˣȻһŮԵ
Բĸ飬ǲ֪ΪʲôԼȻУ԰Ρ
ڵָѣٿ˵ʱҲɵĽһ˺˼
Ѿʲôջˣ˼ȫеŵϡ
ĸо׽ԴӼ֮󣬴ûиоġ
˱Ҳˡ
ԷһֱҲȥӲֻε˵һѼķģԺʱ͵й
˸еһָоֻҪԼһط֣㣬ͻʧȥĻԵ
˽ҧҧͻȻת˵Ұɣ˵Ǯ
˾һ㶣ǱĶҲ͸Ҳûʲôȴķһôܸɵˡ
Բ𰡣ˣ˵ǳҪܹˡ
˵ʱҪȥǽȴıǰͣҡζ֡
Խ˲ӿ壬Ǹ޴֡
ΪѵʱάĿռУǹ۾
ԭѾоΪѣǿӦ
һ۾ʹͨȥδȥ
һۿȥͿ޾δڲͣı任
ԼһȥȻ˳ĺƣƵʱ
˹һ̻ϵ
±ߵ㣬ֻһո޳ڵ𵤾ĵʿѺ͹ϵϾͽ˳ľ硣
УȻľӵгͨͬʱҲ֪롣
Ľˣһ˲͸оڲһǰδеѹѹһɢԼ̾ͻᱻ併
ڣңŻеֵĲᣬǰ˻ǶȡģĻ̌͵ǰ
ʱҲ˹Ĺλ˹ȥδֻ΢΢һЦȻԽ˵ˣ˼Ȼϲȥɡ
ĻǾϲòŵ㡣
֪Щţٴβ䡣
ԵҲ͵ˣȥ֮ϣĹ㿪ԵΪ
˱ϲĵͷ
ģӽԺһΪ޽ͽ
ͷȻζ˵ܹĹҲٷһ
λ˻û˼ֻҪǵõһж˵ֻǲͣĵͷ
λҲû˼ˣֻһ򸣣Ȼ˵ʱ䲻ˣūҾȻȥˡ
ߡ
ٴ򸣣ת뿪ķԺС
ŽһͶѾĴ㣬˸кȥ
ԼˣҲûйѾˣתһСܾ͸˽ˡ
˳˹ţܿʧ˽ֵ֮С
ȴվſڣֱ˲Ӱŵͷ¶ˣζЦݡ
ѾڻɵЦȻӵŭˣһȻ˵ѾˣٿҲ
˶ѾĻ΢΢һЦͷƳһҲ˵ֱӾ뿪˴ţ߽
ѾûԼӵգһ˦ӣҲˣֱӾͻԼȥˡ
߽һ¯֮УȻ˼ĸʦ˼ͷ
Ȼпʼлʦӣõӹ˶ȹħ١
ԭղڽӴʱѾǰȫƿ
ڵͨ͸ǽٵϵ˽Ѿȥö޷ٽһڵѾͻƵĸо
ԼҲһֻҪٽˮĥܿڵͻɽ𵤣ʱɾɲڻ¡


140 
˵ǴҴ뿪ĽˣתһС뿪֮һû˵ĵطһ䣬һŨѾߴʧǰ
ȵٳֵʱѾصΪ׼ס
ǸСѾߴܴһ£ȻƲǰĽһ֮СʵˣǸô죿
ǽһͲѾߣֱӽԼķ䡣
㿴ŷʧıӰҲ֪ô죬⵽ʲô˼ѽܵø׼ɡ
ⴺ۾һת¶Цݣ֮㿪ĵլҴǺܳʱûм羰Ƶġ
˽Լķ䣬ڷйĸǰ㿴һۣȻͰĸŵһ֮ڹϰոյõ
ȼһ㣬Ȼݾߵ
ߵһεʱ򣬻û̧ͷ͸оߵĿռһ𣬽ʶ뿪壬ͨһֱͨһ֪Ŀռ䡣
ܵĹٵˣܿǰһƬһÿһĿռ䡣
˺ҿ˿ֻռ֮УķصϷܣеĲľȫ׺Ĺ
ЩڲԭϱܵĸֶҲˣһֻ˽˵ԱߣĿ˿
ʱִԶһֻСֻǸոճãôֵߵǵԱߣԴǵë
ֻǺҲ֪ǰһȻͷСëˡ
˿ǰһУȻЩϳЩ죬֪ôľһֱ˼ΪӦ
ڽʱͻȻԶһֻɺףɺ˽˵ǰ£Ȼëز˲˵֮ͱ㸩ȥ
˿ɺ׵ӣȻ˲֪޵ԣǲ֪ôģȥܹͨЩ޵˼
ɺ״˼ǣýϣǰȥһλ
֪ԼĻԵҲɣһ̧Ϳɺ׵ıϡ
ɺضһ³һϾУųȾֱ
ɺ׵ıϣ±ߵƬؿȥ
ֻƬռȻܴʵб߽ġ
ռ֮⣬ǹγɵһϣռ䲻š
͸⿴ȥֻߣڵһƬ˺񿴵ƬڲͣƮЩƬʲôɽأһƬƬ˼ʱͿռγɵʡ
˿־оЩ²⣬ѵǵ˲֪ڵĿռ䣿
ڽ˺˼ʱɺͻȻٶȷ¸壬ܿȵ˵ϡ
˼æԼС˼ɺף򸽽һֻѾһɽ֮ǰ
Ǵɽ֪жߣұҫ±߸Ϳɽֻܿͣ˸
ڽʱڹ֮߳һĵɮ¡
ɮ˵ǰ˫ֺʮ˵ӷ𣬹ɽϵȺˡ
˸Ͻ˫ֺʮ֮͸ɮһǸƵĴɽȥ
ɽҲ֪жߣǽ˸ɮÿһͿ˼ʮɵľ룬ûһʱǾѾߵ˰ɽ
ɮͣ½Ų΢΢һЦָǰ汻âҫĵطԽ˵ǰ½ɣܵô˴Ե
ɮµĻ֮󣬲ɵôҲ޾Ļϲ
˽ǰһܿ촩žһ֮¡
мһ̨ϣһλòׯϵ
ڲûκεֻ֣һͨ·ͨһ
Žɮ£ǰǰͷء
ԵѾ
۾±߿˿Ȼ˵ɡ
֮˼Ÿվ֮صܵɮȺС
龰ﻹ֪мͨˣɮ˵Ĺ
ǽǰ˼ڵأ˵СŮӽߵ󷢴ȱ㿪ţΪҵڿຣ֮ǻڽѷ
Ĺ¶΢ЦȻ˵ŮӣȷԸҵΪ㽲ѳ֮
˵ʱ򣬹ͻȻų⣬Щǻ۹⣬ǹ¹⣬⣬һй⡣
ЩĿռ䣬еɮ£Ҳһγɵ̨
˹֮Ҳһ̨ڰա
Źڳԣ˵
±ߵɮԼˣѾա
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬Ľǽˣˣ±ߵɮºͽˣûд֮лָ
мҲûдߴ٣ôĿ̨ϡ
Ҳֹ֪˶ãеɮŻָֻй±ߵǸ˻֮У԰Ρ
Ȼûѣһ㣬һбŷҫڽ˵ڣý̾ʹ޾ķ˹
ѹ֮ѾȫˣǰʱԹĵ׽׽лûлϵ
ȴͬˣڽ˵УھΨһ
ֻ̨ٴߵݣ΢ʹлຣֱ֤ᣬ˹ޱߡ
̨ϣ΢΢һЦȻ˵Ůӣҵն
֮
ͷͻȻ֮ڽ˵ǰһɫͨûȽ˷Ӧǽµͨ
ȵٴѹʱѾصǸ֮СֻȻǹǹĽɫ֮ǰ
˼жЩԼղǲһΡ
˺ܿʹͷΪղһղĸһ𶼸С
˸֮ͣ⣬˻ʶ֮Уһɫں
˽ʶͶ֮У̾͸оѾֻҪԼһͻ
ͨĹͨҲ֪;
Ҫ;ܹħֻҪеħͷܹš
֮⣬һַǳݵĽͨߣֻҪ÷ܹ֮д
оǻܣڽļӳ֮£ܹܷų⣬еаħǿƣҾǰƽҲ޷˵ϵ
ǽ˶˲õıȴûô⡣
ΪУڹǰЩ΢Ͳʲô


141 ǰ
˵ĴԵһ˼ŻصԼĵ̣ǰİȫȻڵ
ڰʲô㣬̣չ˵Щ뷨ȫԺ
ˣ˾ҲܾԼʰһ£Ȼ֣µĽǽ˻С
ǸĸĵֱӾͰ
ԺеʱһûзԼǸѾߴ㡣
һžһŷ䴦һŮ˽˵ǰ
ˣ֪ҳСǰк£
ǽ˳˵мҪ̳ԭΣһߡ
Ǹ֮¶˲Ըɫ
͵ۿһۣĲͣҲκεķ
ֻǴһΣžͱһ̣ʱͱһá
Žһ䣬оͲһǿûκεķӦͱ֮С
һ֮󣬽Զĵۿ˿֪ôǾ¶һ˿΢Ц
΢Цܿ
ֻ˴ӻȡˣһֻֽףһףžһڽǰľȻһֻĵס
˿˵׵ıϣһԴⵤױζһŷ졣
˼ԦŵףУĵϿתһȦʲôȻ򶫷ȥ
ڽ˵뿪ڵѾ˸о
⵹ͽϬһͨΪ˻бŵǸҪ˵ҲһǽԶ㣬ȻܹӦ˵㻹֪ͨ˵һһ
ڵվԺпԶȥĵףв֪ʲô
Ѿᰡ˵ôģŸոջȥ㻹˼ҪȻҸ
ҡҡͷȻԶѾ˵ˣѾˡ
ˣʲôˣѾһ֮Ͼͺʲô۾ѵǸ꾫ˣ
˵λˣѾȷʵ
ͷȻЦ˵ˣȻҪؼȥ
ǱżҸϳﻹмң
ҡҡͷҲ͡
ѾҾ֮ʽţ⼸׼һ¡
Ѿһ׼ʽţ̾¶˾ϲӡ
һǵ˽һˣҪԸԳ
Щ˵ɵˣæһȻԡ£ȻԻʳˣؾС
Ѿæͷ
Էʱ֪ʲôԸ
Ϊʱ򣬶ѾûκεĻˣֻǳˣû׼
㿴ǰͰ緹ЩԲȥ
ѾҰͷ⳴һ̡
Ѿӷ̧ۣ˿㣬ȻɻĿʵ첻ǳ𣿡
˭ǣ˵أʲôϵ
ǶѾȴͬĿ
ҿϾҪʽˣҪôķ£㻹Ҫ⣬᲻ɲѽɲֵʽ᲻⣬ɲΪһʱ̰⣬ͻҵĴǰ̡
˵ʱ򣬶Ѿÿһ㡣
ʵûа취ˣֻǴͷɥ˵ðɺðɣԺͳˡ
˵ʱ㻹ǲΪȻ㲻ҳԣҲȥųԡ
˼ܿͱѾˣΪ˷ȥ͵⣬ӽ쿪ʼͲҪ뿪ˡ
ģҵǳʵɿСɾô飿
ɲɿҲ֪ǵѿɲһˣѵһһָ𣿡
̧ͷŶѾԾԾԵı飬Ͼˡ
ðɺðɣһξģ߲ǿͷˡ
Ѿ㴹ͷɥӣ֪ڱҪЩݳԡ
Ҳȵʽ֮Ϊʦõңһ׼һϯʦֵġ
֮۾һҪ˵ѾǿǲȻȲִЩǹҳ˵ûζĹŴǺܲˡ
ãô˵ˣԼɲܺҪ
ѾظģǮһеġ
һ쿪ʼڵסˣΪȥҲû취ѾĽġ
ټķ̳ϵǸҲƻˣ˺Ǹ̳Ҳ㳷ˡ
¿ÿ¶վԱߣһûһĻشͽʡ
ȵϵʱ򣬶Ѿľˣ׼õ˿ۡ
ִģר͸ѾΪ
Ѿ·󿴿ҿʮֵ⣬ý۷ǳĳԼ
֮ȴķȻǷŽգǻû𴲡
ѾüͷôУԼĴӣɲΪʦ֣еˣѾôӽʦˣˡ
ǶѾǰýʹţʦֿţ̫ɹƨˡ
㱾˯þڱѾһѣĶ
ʲôոͲҶ˯һ
ʲôЩ죬Ͽ쿪𴲣͵ˣʱˡ
ûа취ֻƿӴ˵ۣ֮鲻ԸİѷŴ򿪡
һţȴվԼǰѾԭǸЩõСѾͷˣһüĿ㴩ŵ۵Сá
ŵ۵ĶѾľ࣬ѾһЩʿӣʱû͵ѧԼ
źߣһȻһԼۣվߵĶѾ˵׼緹ɣ֮ǾͿԿʼʽˡ
Ѿ͵仰ˣȥһʯϾѾںСˡ
Ƶߵʯǰ㿪ʼĳ
Ҳ֪ô£Ѿʮֶֻ˼ھ;ñˣǷ꣬ŶϿꡣ
ǺƵģһ뷹˿ʱȻûг꣬ѾЩˡ
㷹ҪԶ೤ʱ䣿
Ʋ˶ѾһۣϣȻӻȡһ˲죬˵ʲôѽʽӽ쿪ʼҪü죬Ҳںһʱ
ѾȴĻ꣬ԣֱӾͰˣȻͰѶȫջصĳ
֮󣬶Ѿվǰô۾һֱ㡣
㱻û취ˣֻǴվϲڵŶѾ˵ȻôżǾͿʼɡ
Ļո˵꣬ѾϾͺɫȻ󻹹ƵǰϵĳȻĵĶһЦ
ıַǳ⣬˵ͷָ֮ǰߣѾһСβһں
һ֮̾ͱ
ر㣬ɫ̬꣬һһλеĸʿ


142 Ѿڹ
ڹһͨ˳Ϊʿؼһ
ڡǩҪһмأߣţʮɣţ֮С
ڹǰɹ١ɵŵȲصĴڸߣԷȥС
ͨڹ˾ͿԴΪķšĺݣۻй£ɳΪɹ֮һ
ˣеı׼Ϊһְ֮֮λṩ֤ˣڹһΪׯϵڽʽǵҲǵ֮ڽ̾ļ֡
Щ֮⣬ڹһ벻ĺôǾǿֱӸһɽĹٶȻٶ֪٣и롣
˵޵λΪ¹Ҳ˵ʱӦһλеְ֮λ֮·Ϊ¹
Ҳ˵ڹԺǾһλɹһšλãͨǵУܳɣλǸط
˵ˣӹжڹĵʿЩ󶼳ɵĻɹͼˡ
뷨Щڹ֮£һݵͨԲ֮󣬿ʮ˳ĽЩҰһҪĥѡ
ŶѾһʦ㣬ݾߵͷ
֮ڹԱߵǸϡ
ڽ죬ǶѾĴڹ֮ʦ
Ѿ⼸ѾǹҪ죬ȫˡ
ڼæӹԱȡһ衣
֮ǰ˫ϥ򵹣еĲ߸ߵľٸ㡣
ӹ豭֮ûкȣǰͣһ֮󣬾ͷԱߵĹ֮ϡ
֮˼衱Ԣ˼á
Ѿٴվȡ˵ڶ裬ٴιǰ߸ߵľ
һؽӹ豭źһڣٴηԱߵĹ֮ϡ
һؽС衱˼ǷʦѾͬͽ
ŶѾæ˵裬ιǰ
νӹ豭ָָմˮڶѾϣαΪŲ衱ԢӴԺ̡
ڶѾҲִһˣǸʦϵյʦˣ£ִϵǲκζŵġ
ڹˡ
һŶѾһι룬վڹԱߣëˢˢ㣬дһݱġ
д֮ǰڵأĬĬʦ
֮ģԼӡ֮ڲԶյ
㲻֪ǣݱĸոյ꣬һٵ˵ۣɢҲ۳һ˿Ľɫģһ˲ʧ˲֪Ŀռ䡣
ռʱͿռյ⣬ڼ̾λɫɵʶ塣
ıһ˲λʶ֮ǰʶ忪ʼŤγo
Ϊ׵˿˿ǰıģȻЦЦ˵ҵࡣ
ұߵǸ뷢׵ȴ˵ɴ⣬СĽ
һˣ˵ͷȻ˵СģȻıһ
мλ˵ͷȻһָǱһ㣬Ǳ»һ⣬»صԣλʦͬ˼
һȴ֪֮վԼеһͭӡ˳
ֻ߸ߵͭӡ˶Ѿǰ
Ѿ֪һöͭӡڸĶ˷ܣСĴнӹöͭӡ
Ҫ֪۲öͭӡˣʱ㿴úܽһڿɺˣԼҲһöˡ
㵱ѾѾҵһʿͬʱѾΪ̫ѡʿԺйٲͬ˾¡ͥǴӾƷġ
Ѿöͭӡǰصصس˸ġ
֮صʦǰ˼죬Ҹͭӡ˿ⷨ£յ̵Ĺ˵öͭӡѾˡ
ִӹȡ˼飬ŵ˶ѾĻС
Щ澭䣬ȥ֮Ҫϰ׹ҽ
ʦ֮
ڹʽǽˡ
ʽ֮󣬶Ѿ̾ͻָõԸŻеļ飬קʵ
ʦ֣⼸ûзѽ
ƳһۣȻû˵ʲôأֻǸŵĵʿһΪҲûУô÷зǱʱȻͨ档
ǶѾȴֹ˵ⲻƭ𣿡
ʲôʱƭˣ
ǰ£̸ҽʱ㻹ЩûзҲõġ
ԼЩ飬ʱԼǸӣ˵ĻȻǺ죬û뵽Ѿȴ档
ΪԼڶѾеĹôԼҲðѻԲ
˵ѽǺãҾ͸ͽ͡
۾һתһ״ˣҪ˵ⲻҲܽеķǺܶ࣬аʮֵ
Ѿ۾Ѿɵϴ溦°˵Ļˡ
ЩҲûĵ˵ˡһͨЩĶ½ǵùصĿ¾ͻΪɷǡ
ѾЩ֮ɻĵͷʵʦΪʲôǸʱ򲻺£
ѾĹǷǳ˽ģǸʱʩû÷ҲòĴ֪һ
һ£Ȼ̧߰ͷ˵ܺұҪ֪ҿӣʩչôһ㷨Ͳκεķ
˵ʱͻȻһţֲһӣ֮ӡȻĻ⴩Խʯָôҵͷϣ
ЩѾȴʮֵţҲ֪Ҳشֻǰѻ±ﵽ˶Ժлò
ͶѾ߳ͻȻعͷԶѾ˵ҵĺʦãǽ쿪ʼԳ˰ɣ
⼸ǱѾܵЩˣ˵һζû
ѾΪ۵ĳܹܣѾǱ̵ȥˡ
ðɣ컹ŬķϣҾһ١
˵֮󣬶ѾͰ쵽ǰ
㱻ֺͿˣҪʲô
ǮѽûǮô⣿
Ѿ챻ľˣǰ˵ҪͰɡ
ѾĻԴȻÿɷ˵˵⻰𣿺ûаɣǲˣ
㻹磬ǿŶѾ¿ˮ̵ӣйԼ
ûа취ǴӻͳǼʮöͭǮݵ˶Ѿǰ
Ѿ˿ݵԼǰͭǮͲȥӡ
ǮʲôһʲôҲûˣ㻹Դͣ
Ҫ٣
ҪǮӡ
õô࣬ⶼʮˡ
ô˵ǿŶѾ֣ǲòǮ


143 ﲻŮ
ѾǮ˸߲ҵĳȥˣһ⣬ԼʳģıĽš
㿴ŶѾСŮֻҡҡͷ֮Ժг
ȵʱ򣬶ѾȻ׼һӵĲ㡣
Щζ֮⣬Ѿóһ̳ϾƷϡ
ֻǿһۣ̳ƣΪԴ˵ʿʼҲûơ
ֻΪΪ˾֮ã档
ȳԺ֮󣬶Ѿ׼ʰȴͻȻĽס
Ѿһʰл˵
Ѿ̧ͷ˿㣬ʮֵ࣬ǸϽ꣬ߵǰǾн
ѾѽȻѾһˣǶڵ̵ľȴ漰һҸ㼸飬С鱦˾ⱾɵĻȥ֮ϰⱾ鱳ˣܹãܸһЩ׷ˡ
ѾĽ̵ϲ
оǣӽ翪ʼұ㴫㡶ŮǵĻҲǷгɾ͵ƾ֤һֱָ𵤴Ķô˷һҪǱɵ
ʦģһǱᶪ
ͷһŵģҪ˵ѾıûУȴǳĺá
Ȼô˵Ҿͷˣһ㣬Ҫס⡶ŮŵĻܣδɴˣĻͻᱻʦţջط
˵ʱɫѾǳ࣬ȫƽͶѾ˵ɡ
Ѿ͵͵ĿһۣȻ֤ʦطȻ⴫ˣӽ֮δʦ֮͸¶һ֡
ĵͷȻٴ¶ЦݣѾԴ˵ȥɡ
Ѿźһеһ֮ȥʰˡ
磬㿪ʼ׼õġŮ˳֮ϸĽ˶Ѿ
㴫ڸѾŮִҸﲻ
Ҫ˵ﲻҶӦ÷ǳϤȫӾͽﲻ
ʵﲻͬС˵ȫеﲻкܴ
ﲻԪ1119-1182꣩գ徲ɢˣɹáɽĲƽˡ֮ޣӡ꣬סңԡ桱Ϊ㻯ﲻ󶨾꣨Ԫ1169꣩ﲻڽóҡ֮׭ؾ޵ɹö굤ɡ
󶨶ʮԪ꣨1269ͷ⡰徲Ԩ˳ˡԪڼӷΪ徻Ԩ˳Ԫ
ǡ桱֮һĽ˼ΪɱΪȫ徻ɣ徻ɣﲻҲΪ֮档
ŮںΪУͬʱҲΪϵͳġ
ΪˣŰĹ˶ѾҲԶѾӣϣͬﲻһ޳
޵˵ףѡ
ѾȻõӣһǶĹ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôѾнȷǳǵһģѾôҲȹȥ
ģҪһһ롣
һڻúöĶѾ˵ֱǼ尾Ȼ־㲻йʱûһ;ûܡֻƾ־ǿжȴԳ޾˼һһһ˿徻
ÿÿ˴ֻ̾һȻ˶ܹеģҲҪԼĻԵģѾĻԵû
һ쿪ʼͲôٶѾˣԱ㡣
黹֣Աÿնٵʱ򣬶ѾҲܹ㿪ʼ˹̣ܽѾܿľͽ˶ĵż
һϣո𴲣ѾͻȻľʹܵǰȻϲĶ˵ʦ֣Ϻ˵Ǹˡ
㿴˿ϲĶѾȻÿɷҡҡͷˡ
ԭڶѾĻţΪֻڰοԼ
ѾЩգԼòһЩչʦ֣ʲô̬ȣ
ǶѾץסӣĵʲô̬ȣ˼ҺòеɹҲ˵
תͷ̾һ˵ѾһҪʵ㿴ǰ컹ôҲ޷ģͻȻ붨ˣôţ
Ѿ㲻εĻӶ
붨ˣ㿴
ŶѾĻҲʼЩɻѵѾ붨ˣǱ˵ãҿҪ붨ˣҸһЩ
ѾĻ˵ק֮ѾǸϣʼ붨
ѽʵ̫ˣûԱ߶ٵʱ򣬶ѾҲܹ붨Ա߶ŶѾûа취ô˽һʱѾȻҡڣʮֵܡ
ѾԼҲЩܲˣ۾㣬ε˵ӦԱ߿ŷɢҵעڵȥ
ЩΣⲻԼලھԼˣʲô
Ȼ㻹վ뿪˴Ժеʯϣȥˡ
˺һͻȻѹôʱ䣬ѾǱûж
һѵѾ붨ˣĻǶѾǲ
վŲߵſڣԴ
ֻѾϥʦǰϴ΢Ц鲻ŲʣһһϢǿǰơ
㿴оһϲѾĿ˵һġ
Ѿǽ;Ȼ˵޳ɷǰȣҲһؾܽˡ
ҲŶѾ˳Ȼ׼ͣ˳֮Щצ
緹ǳ˲٣ҪǼֱǿѣûа취ֻǴ˹ŵϵС̯Щ֮Ķ˻
ȵոսţͿѾЦӯӯվԺп
еİڰлεĻȻݵ˶Ѿǰ
ѾӹʳﰡȻ󽾰ض˵ô˰ɣҸղֽ˶
㿴ŶѾǱǿ׳Ŀ˵ӣЩЦ˾һ
붨ҿûղҼҶ޷뾲ԼҲȥ緹ˡ
Ѿ⻰Ͼ;죬۾ҲʼЩ⣬ǿʮֵί
һãԼһ仰˼СﶼˣϽջظղŵĻ
˺ˣˣҸⲻ˻У뿪ǰ͵͵ĿһۣȻǽ˶ԺһҪǿϰȡ죬ʱض붨ʱͿԽһˡ
ѾĽ̻壬⣬ĵ˵ͷȻ˵ʦֵĻҼסˣһǱʦֶ˵ġ
Ѿ˵֮͵͵Ŀһ㣬¶˺Ρ


144 
Ѿǽ;ڶ˵Ƿǳģÿϴ֮ȫϡ
ڶѾڷܣҲּɣϣгɣҲܸԼֵһЩ
Ϊϣ˴һ쿪ʼÿҲѶѾϣΪô˵ѾҲǵˣϲμΣֱǺ͵Ĳвһ
ӾƽУܿĹȥˡ
һգϸո꾲˵۵ĴţӴķ͡
ȫѾˣΪѾԵڸбǿ˺öࡣ
С飬ϲȥҶѾ˵ȴ˵еĿơ
ԴˣҲǺüҶѾԹ˵ԼȶѾǿ࣬ôûԼأ
ǶѾıԹȫǱǿ׳죬Ĳм
ˣǰһڴ򿪴ţȻжѾкԼȴһԿȥˡ
ű鿴˽һʱͻȻоԼǰһڣʲô⵲סˡ
̧ͷһֻһǰԹվǰ
㱻Ͼһ£ʲôҪǲĻΪʲôء
Ͻʯһžʵλʩʲô𣿡
Ǹѯʣ̾ͼǰһץͿʼ
龰ŵֱëŴ֮󣬿Ǿ˵ʲôз硱£еĲῴԼ˰ɣ
㼱æһ˦䣬Ͱе˦˽һɡ
λӱ˦ڵϣ̾ߴգ㼱æһָ˵£ɱߴˡ
˵֮󣬻ܿ˿ȻѾΧ˺üˣָָ㡣
ѾҲߵĶҲӴڲԶĶӡ
ҲӦҲЩͨ켱æĽͣҪᣬֻЩСҪæ
һǻûпӣǾʵô£
̾һŰ˵˵
࣬꣬˳زζʹѣϴ棬˼ޡ
иѡ¬˼ЩС£ܹ
¬˼ʹ࣬һ;һȥһӡ
¬˼İ£ƮƮȥ䣬һѪϼԼӣƴ尾
˾ôһӣԳ档
̲סҪºȥԼ
Ҫ¬˼Աţ¾ͻᴳ´¬˼ץӲϵİ˻
Ӵ֮λӵӵǿң˶ӵǰ;ĵġ
ּ֮¬˼һμһӣ¬˼û취ֻһзһֻߵ·ûмӣͱһСٸסˡ
ԭС游һʲôְһ֮һר
֮λ游һѵ⣬ȻƣȻͰϻˡ
֮¬˼Ҳõʲô༸ǰȥ¬˼ͷҡ˹һǲæ
ûа취ˣֻұķʦҵЩ˶ЩƭӣǮƭ˲٣ǷȴһҲûгɹԼЩɥˡ
ʱͻȻ˵һۣĵʿĶͨŴˣǰ㡣
˵Щ֮£ϹһƬģһټһǿӡ
֮üͷĺɽһҪ˵Ҳ˵ȴûнйΪͨҪǰ䣬껹ܵһЩˣȻֺõ顣
λʩ˵ȪʩǲҪ˵ĺá
Ȱ˵ûзͻȻǰһڵأؿͷ
ȱȱ˵ʱ¡
ȴˮΪ游䵱С٣ְϻоȻʲôԵʣԼǲҪƻλ˼ҵĺġ
תͷȥٿˡ
վڲԶĶѾԭȵʱΪôأǷǳĸжֱǰΪ֪
˶ѾǰҡҡֱۣȻ˵ʦͰһ˰ɣ̫ˡ
¿˶ˣһܶù㲻ҪˣϿشȥк͡
ѾɫѾÿˣٴֻ̼Ǿ죬»شȥˡ
Ѿ·ʱһۣȻʹɫ
ȻܿҲǴ֮ԴǾܾңͻȻѾʹɫ̾ʲô
վĨ˰ʩһȻ˳ȥ
ȵ磬еͶߵĲʱ򣬶Ѿ˸к˵ǳȥһߡ
֪ѾǸСŮúö˶ڶѾƽ鲻ôܣֻǵͷ
Ѿ뿪˵ۣǰһʱ䣬Ȼһôͣ¡
һǸ˶ѾǰͻȻĹڵضԶѾͷ
ѾһϾ֮ܰ㣬Ҫ֪¿зյģʱ˲ӲҪҡ
ɹ÷ģֻҪɹܹҼӣǳ飬Ҳɹá
ѾͷȻ˵ҵĵ۸һ䷿ӣȻ͵͵İѵַңȻа취
Ǹ֮ǧлȻִ֮ӻȡһöĵݵ˶Ѿǰ
ûдʲôöҲǼĶ͸ɹ롣
Ѿ֮Ǿ¶һ˿΢Ц֮۽ֻ̣ͨľӨ͸ϲ
ѾҲһʱˣҲ֪޹»ĵ黹ûаɣ˼ҵĶ
Űɣȵ³֮˵
Ѿ˵֮ȥ˼ֲػͷ˿Ǵ̵ӣҧҧ뿪
ȵѾ뿪֮Ŵӵվ֮󣬽Ǵ̵·ŵԼ֮󣬳ĳһ¶һ˿Цݡ
̾ڵ۸ĿջһϷȻϵʱŶѾ䣬ĵĸ˶Ѿ
Ѿ˵ַֻǵͷࡣ
֮ѾЩһжž
ڴӦ֮󣬶ѾֻǸոЩ¸Ͳ˽⣬Ҳ
ղǰ򶨣ֻװţûˣžЩĻš


145 
Ѿյ»ص˵ۣȽ˹ţȴȻΡ
ΣǲǿȶѾġ
ڶѾõԸ˵ҲԼȥܡ
˶Ѿһڴϵ㣬ͻصԼķȥˣڴܾЩģԼӦ˼Ҫǲ飬ЩÿѾϣǸɫ˿֮ġ
Ѿһ룬ͻȻ۾һת˰취
ԼᷨеǻᣬʦֲԼķﲻкܶԼͲţЩҲһַġ
Ѿ뷨֮󣬱̾ͳ֮˽Ųķ
һţϾһѰſڣѾһΪأ̧ͷһǸŮʬ
ǸŮʬ۾ŶѾҪһ
ѾŮʬôҲһ˼£ƢԷǳ˽⣬֪Ƿڿط䡣
ֻҪԼӲʬǲԼκ˺ġ
ѾȴôùģΪķ飬һܽԼ
ǶѾ΢Цʦֿѽ
ǸŮʬ۾ŶѾûκεķӦ
ѾԼ˸ûȤ۾һתӽʬԱƽķ䡣
ոһǽʬٶȱ죬һγڶѾǰ
Ѿû취һȥǣǽ۶Ѿȥʲôǽʬ̵ǰ
˶Ѿ׵ûа취ˣͷɥؿʬ˵㣬ô۶ҺôҲʦֵʦãܽȥʲôеķɡ
ѾʵҲֻǷƢûָ⽩ʬлӦ
鷢ˣڶѾ˵껰֮ǽʬƫԴ˼ʲô֮ԱһѾÿͨ·
Ѿڽʬı仯Ͳ⣬ֻеľϲԽʬֱǸӡ
е鶼ģȻִĴӡװɲᣬҲһٱ֮ࡣ
ѾǰķһϸһϽķҪҪгɣո޵ĳ磬Ͳá
ѾĽŻȥֳһⱾȫڹķûоķãŻȥ
Ѿ߰˱ִ嶼һҪãҪǸͲЩ
ѾѾЩɥˣΪһΰһˡ
ҪϽ뿪ʱͻȻ½һ³顷ġ
Ѿ־Щú棬Ҫ֪ʦҲгɣû뵽Ȼϲľ顣
ѾĽ⡶³顷óַ˷һ֮ɫͱˡ
ʲôľ飬һаħķ鼮
еһŷʮֵϤǾǽ
ŽǶѾѧĵһʱûڹҲûзʩչôӦ֡
ҪεĹڼ֮ϣʩչ߰˴ΣһοܳɹҪ˵ŷϤ˵Ѿ㡣
ڵĶѾڹӵöͭӡܹʩչŷˣȻûзֻҪ¶ʧЩˣһܹҲԭʩ߰˴Σһγɹ
ѾⱾ˷һƪйȻʩչǳķ㡣
Ѿ۾һȻæԼĻС
Ѿغ֮󣬾ͽ·źãȻĵ뿪˷䣬ٳŵʱǽʬ
ʦ˵ҪȻҪ㡣˵Ѿóȭͷڽʬǰ˻Ρ
Ǹʬֻ¶ŶѾǲ׶Ѿ˼
Ѿ⽩ʬɵɵģҲͷˣʶûУô״
ǶѾĴ󵨵»صԼķУóǱ͵³飬ʼϸķҡ
Ѿ³ҵ˹ķֻ֮ëȻЩ¡
Ϊϱ߼صķǳһ·ҪһСľͿ䣬Ҳزˡ
Ѿվķдǰ̵ģԱ߻ʦֻֻ֣Ҫûʲô£ӦýܹгɣûбҪΪһ˶Լǰ̡
ǶѾһ룬Ҳ壬ԼԼܹ⡣
˾֮󣬶Ѿ;ڽϽⷨൽһˡ
˶Ѿ̾ķ﷭䵹ƽԵʳһѡ
֮͵͵ȥ˳Щ͵
ڻʱȴ˲ӡ
ʱոΣţȥϢѾﱧһѶĴӳ
Ѿ
һлֻѶѾĻ궼ŵˡ
ҿѾתĿ죬֮Ͼ˵ʦ֣ˣ
ˣҪʲôָָѾڻе͵
Ѿͷ˿ԼĶȻ̧ͷεЦЦ˵ûʲôֻҲţҪһµ
Ѿ˵֮󣬻ֺõĿ˿㡣
ڶѾһٹʵģֻǵͷתԼķ䡣
һǸʬ˳վڷſڣš
ʱѾ»صԼУȻԼǸӰڵ룬Ȼ׼ȫһ㣬ΪƷȻְʳҲóһ׵ĹͰںˡ
ʱѾվڹ֮ͿʼˣΪͷһεҪǳǿɾ鷳ˡ
Ѿһ룬תȥԼĴͷǸӤ̳ȻǹӤ˵һŽ㣬һΣգҪŽѽ
Ѿ˵֮ǹǻ̳оͷɳһ̹⣬գۼͻһװֵСӤ˶Ѿļͷ
СӤװֵ֣ѾԴȻͰͷ˶Ѿͷϡ
ѾӤһǷˣֻҪйӤڣûʲô⡣
Ѿ»ص˼̳ǰڷ̳£дʣ˵һЩ֪
һѾͿʼڼ̳ǰ
赸ʮֹ죬ĶͲġ
һѾͻȻ̱ڽ̳ǰһӰʹӶѾƮ
ӰǶѾĻǣѾ֮ҿ˿ʮֵľ
ʱԶǸӤѾĻǣϾƮǰһֻСڶѾ
ӤͷһһЦȻ˵ѾĻУԴǰʹ˼
ǰѾʱȻܹӤһЩֻƬȴûʵĹӤ
һضѾȴӤ˸Ǳһһ
Ѿǳĺ棬ӤȻĵͷԼһγһǳɹˣҵǸ࣬ĻǣҲһ
뷨֮󣬶ѾƮȥǹӤĸڶѾܻһǰһ뿪˶Ѿķ䣬ǵԺ֮󣬾ͿǸʬŴ۾


146 µظ
ѾʬԱƮƮԺţǽʬٶȿˣһգ۾͵ڶѾǰ
Ѿ⽩ʬЩΣԭȵʱѾ֪⽩ʬڳ֮󣬶ѾѾ߱˳ۣУ⽩ʬħ졣
ϵһɹɺֱʣлͣˣҪѶѾĻץ֮УΪǵһ
Ѿ˵ʲôжԶ߶Զɣ˶Ѿٴת˸ȦֱӴǽ뿪˵ۡ
ʬŶѾ뿪ۣԴһ룬Ȼֿ˿ӡ
¶һһأΧǽ׷ŶѾĻȥˡ
˵Ѿ뿪˵֮󣬴ŹӤĻǣûһǸջҵķһֻǸڴǰץѾЩȲˡ
ѾǰƮƮĶ˵ˣ׼𣿡
ǸҲ߹ģһѾ£һ˿ľϲ
˺ˣɹãѾȫ׼ˣ͵
ѾԱߵͷȻͻȻ֣ץһѣһӾͰĻǴ˳
ʱĻվڶѾǰҲһľϲָоѾüˡ
Ѿ˿ĻǣҲԣֻȻһ㣬оһɵĹȦѾץĻǣһӾ˹Ȧ֮С
һԵĹӤŶѾʧҲЩˣֻһͽǹȦҲʧˡ
ѾȦ֮вͣǰߣ˺óһʱ䣬һռ֮С
ȵոͣ£һ̹׷ž˶Ѿļϡ
ѾԴ˲ȣֻ֣ſԼϵĹӤһԵ˵ңҪʧķ򣬷ҲȲ㡣
Ǹ֮ĵͷ
˱ǰнһһ򴦡
㾪ϲ˵ҵӾӶߵһܿࡣ
Ѿͷ˵Ȼʶ·ǰ·һȥȻϿȥɡ
Ѿ˵ʵﻹǱȽϺµģһεҾܵظܲͣĻһЩȱ첲ȵĻǣöѾúëֱð
Ǹಢ׶Ѿڵ飬ֻŸϿԼӣǲǰɱ
ѾæںǰܣһѾڴСӶߵһСӴͣ¡
Ѿ̽ͷСӿȥֻˮ峺͸񣬶ǺѪˮɡ
л򸡵ĸŮﲻͣļ尾С
ڰ߿˺ܾãҲûҵԼӣĴȵٻ㣬ڣڣ
ĽԶһӺ̽Դ˰ߵ࣬̾ͼʼƴ߻
Ҳ꣬̾ʹؽе
ǸƴΣһε˰ߣ˾ôһһУﻥӣĬĬᡣ
Ѿ˵ҲЩģǶôһԣȻܴĥѡ
һǸ̲סʼҪԼ
Ǿ˵־ҪʱԶһ֣³ç
̾ͰջȥֻԶһŹȣɿƮ
ûмѾǰȻ󲻹߶ʮһ͸һơ
౻һ֮ȴͷԱվŶѾ龰ѾˣӦźʶ
ҲǺ˵𣿲䣬ΪʲôŴβң
Ǹ֮ͻȻĹڵϣ˵ȣ游ҷһƬͰҰɡ
Ǹ̿ӣЩɸ֡
ܴĥѣϱӷµȻҲôȥϿȥɡ
˵ֿ֮˿һԵĶѾ֮󴵺ӵ۵˵ģ֪֪ѾţҲļ١
ѾҡҡͷֻǸӣ¸Ͳ
̿ѾӣϾһոѧһ㷨ͼǰҫĺӡ
뵽֮˻ͷ˿Լӣֻվںӱ߳ĺԼӶ
ӾԼȰȥˣ˼֢ûжʱҲ˼ɼӡ
Լ취е񣬲ȻĻԺҵһͻˡ
뷨֮̿˿վںӱ߲ԶѾĻǣ˰취
ܿ궼ģҪԼϱ͵һǰȥܿࡣ
ǰʲôҲ֪ĵСѾͷǸѡ
ֻҪǰºȥԼϱʱԼڳЩֽţ˭Ҳֲˡ
뷨̱֮װµǰ˼ӽࡣ
·ѾʱͻȻеĹȾѾĻǴȥˡ
ǶѾӸжأû뵽˻ϮԼһ±š
Ѿܴشֻüһֱ˺С
ǸżѾˮæǰһźһ㡣
Ŵָоͳһɫ˿У˿һ˲;˺ӡ
һ˲Ӿͱ˺
ϵð̾ſڰϣ
ֻһ˲ɨ˶ѾһۣȻͰ۾ƲԼӱȥ
һ˵ǰڵ˵游л֮顣
ҡҡͷ˵ǰһ»ҰԺҪǱˣ뷣ҺⲻҪһ⡣
ڲЩˣǸϽʵ游ѵûʲô취ܹ𣿡
Ǹһ£ȻͻȻ˵и취
֪ʲô취游ָ̡
ղŴǸСҿƤ⻹Ӹϣٻһ
֮ͷҲһ취һԼܺǰԵЩɵ˵СŮЩ˵ʦҲһˣһҪǷǺã
ЦЦСȻ֪һЩķǱⰵûзġɴ˿ʦҲǿȥ
游˵ʦڸӦòǹ
صģЩûзҰһڸЩȻЩǮƣ˸صġ
˵ʱ̻ΪţԼôҲһС٣ЩҲĻһЩЩСðԼԼ֪֪


147 
忴˿ѾӰĶѾȻЩԲһԼܹһ⣬ôѾҲֵˣԼԺЩֽǮЩеʿ쾭ҲǶԵˡ
뵽ʱǰѶѾĶ׵һߣ游ߵлž뿪
ǾʱͻȻӺдܳһӰ
ںеṆ̀һɫӰһ𣬽ž;òá
СﻹЩֶΣȻܹʹꡣ
ˣô㲻ǸСʦ־ͻǰ׼ȻԼǾǺ¶ԷʲôеֶΣڳԼһ״ʱ鷳ˡ
̹˲ֻдʣһɵϢϷ֮͵ţϾͽǹӤڡ
ΪѶʱĸӤͻȻӰڵȥ
ŹӤڹӤҲһĲⲨ̷ųϢڰпʼ˲ͣײơ
Ǹ̵ͨ۾ͻȻſڣȻһεͿʼ֣ҪѹӤĿС
ǹӤǰģһ̾ٶȿգۼѾ̵ǰ
ǸҲ¶һ˿ЦСȻҸԣǲ·
Σʱ̣ǹӤͻȻųһ⣬Բ֮ڶ֡
̱֣ĿʧùӤܵĻᡣ
ӤڰһתȦԶɳ۶ȥգۼͲӰ
Ǹں˼㿪֮ŷӦղ翴ͽԼļ£ûκεá
̺ݺݵĶһ½ţȻתͷԼӺϱ˵СȻȱǵʱ䲻ˣǸϽ
˵仰֮Ҳٵ飬еһӣ̰ӵĻǾԼУȻһԾ֮һӰֱԶȥ
ٶ֮죬ֱ󣬶ѾʱаʱǻȥֻǼ
ڰ֮иӦԼӵ壬˷λһӣһɵĹȦ֣ǰһܣٴγֵʱѾǸ䡣
ֻһӾһźӰ֣ӰڵͣһͣžֳĻģ
ǻǿһۣͷžԼһˡ
һ۾Ȼ򵱵һֻܿһķﲻͣ
֪Լ游µôһȻʵ游ô죿
žһʶУ㲻صģָ㷽ȥСŮӵʱһһòӡ
֮̾ʹϲȻ͵͵ĳ˿ջ˵۵ĸ游ָķλ֮󣬱㰲ĵĻȥ˯ŵڶ챧˹ˡ
ѾȻͲ󣬵ȴһӣȳһһɶõ
ʱԼܺžۣܵõһˣȫ
ȴûзһֱһŮӡ
ŮνӲ·ȴƮƮģҿ硣
ղǸŮĻǻ֮ûпѾѾǳ꣬ҪϮҪ־͸оһɷǳǿʶѹ
ʬʱİ
ڣʬѾоԵǹǿʶѾˣԼֵʱ⽩ʬҲɣһ˲ǰ
ǸͻȻǰһŮӣкأͻȻŮͻȻֱ˫Լץ
һ˲䣬ҲŮſĿ¶Ȯݣǲ԰׵ݸͲӵеġ
ﻹ֪ԼˣѽһԱȥ
ǸʬȻȷʵ죬ǳĽӲһ¾Ȼûץסֱ࣬Ӳ嵽Աߵǽȥˡ
Ⱦܡ
ǽʬӰ˫צǽа˳Ȼתȥʧڽֽǵ࣬¶һ˿Ц
һ׷ȥ
Ǹɲɵ֪ƾԼһһֵסʬһܻһߴĺУйˣнʬˣҿ
ҹһУֱӴȥȥ
ڹŴҹڽѲߵģ۵طҲصķڣ˾߰˸Ѳӡ
мڲԶһǽǴ͵һƣСʹء
һеһеľƶŵ˺Զ
˭أŵһǮóȥˡ
Ҫ֪ŴƿɲˣеһƣҪǮҲһǮˡ
һʹһЩ۶ȻͻȻ˵Щԣ˽еʮӦǳˣϿߡ
˵֮̾Ͱγеĸֵ˳ȥ˿ҲεظֱУ׷ȥ
ȵϵʱ򣬾Ϳһӷһ߻һӰƮ׷
ǸӲˣ࣬ǰأͻȻǰĸˣűУϾ񿴵һӿ˲
Ϊ׵ǸۣŸֵӭ࣬һץסĲӣʵô£˭׷㣿
йнʬϾҪ׷ˡʱѾŵȷֱ۾Ͳˡ
Ϊȶˣй֣
ʱǸ׷ƮİӰҲǰֱֻ֣۵ȥ
ۼΣʱ̣ҲһģѾ౧ģ߲ˣֻóֵǰȥڵ
ֻõһֵúͶӰ˫һ𣬽ȴǽʯײ
ʱļҲѾϵˣһϴ˽֣ҲæӰк
⼸Ⱥ˰ӰϣҲֻǻ·Ӱûκε˺
⼸ҲѰ˼ϴʱΣա
λϴʱյ֮ĵһ£һֱԴϾȥˡ
һôϣֱӰȥס
λϴȫģаˣղҪǼֵܹæԼʱͽˡ
ղűǻ˵Ľʬһĺɫ۾ĸ˹
⼸˻࿴һֱۣһӵϣĸʼŽʬ
һһһͽ޹һ۱ʬһצ磬Ͼͱ÷飬ۿžֻ־ͷˡ
ǸϴһУȥֵܼļ˺Ǹ˻ţϺ󡣡


148 Ǳ
Ϊ׵۷Ը֮󣬱ǰȥҪס⽩ʬĽ
˻࿴һۣ֮ҲɣűԾȥץǸܹ࣬ŵķȥ
˵ǸΪ׵ۣŽʬžһ
ǽʬֻһ̧־ץסĸֵȻһֻ־ؿץȥ
ҲЩۿžҪʬУֱӷеĸֵһһ
ǽʬ磬ֻһԾֵ۵֮˫־ץȥ
ѾܣֻȫһÿԼҪʬˣұۡ
ֻôһ£۾;ԼұѾʹ
ڴ˽ҪĹͷݲб뷨֮һȻӵվ֮Ҳˣתŵķɱ
ǸʬѪ۾Щܵķ˿Ȼżأһһǰ׷ȥ
Ҫ˵Щܵȷʵǲǻһأ˾͵ǵٶȡ
ûжĹ򣬾ͱʬ׷˸Ǹڸտʼͽʬݵʱ򣬾ѾˣѾ׷Ľʬûбİ취ֻƴĴлǰ
˵һͷץǰߡ
һ۾ͱʬһץ͸ţ
һˣƴǰˡ
ȷʵǲԶתһ־ͿŵĴš
⼸ǿ˾һƴŵķ򺰽С
ֵǣйϿǡ
СģѾˣҸñԵС
Щ˵ĺУһӣžʹ߰˸űۡ
ЩһǰסܵļˣһͼһðŮӣٵƮ
ֹЩǻ࿴һҲԵУֱӾͼż˻ţ֮ͽĹ˴š
ǸʬſڵʱͻȻͣס˽ŲΪֻһɳȵϢڲͣ塣
ǸʬȻӽţȴû뿪ſʼߣҪһϢĵطһԾ롣
˵еˣڹؽ̫֮ү
̫үȨ˯أͻȻߵӣͣԷš
үѣˡ
Ȩͷķ˸Ȼѱͷϣķȴ۾ʵô£
˲ˣߵһϾҪˣүϿǰȥ֡
ǷüȻǰڰҹ£һǼٵģѾٴ˯Ȩ
үѣǰˡ
ûûˣҹʲô¶
̫үȨͷ˵
Ȼô˵Ȼ۾ʼ·
ķ˸æȨ´硣
һȨǴ֮󣬿һֻ˵裬ｹתȦء
ô£
Ǹ̫үˣǰү²ˣߵѾֳһţ˵йڸεϿȥǰ߿ɡ
ȨüȻ뵽ʲôƵģҴҵǰ߶ȥ
ǰߣÿˡĲͷｹĵȴ
һ̫үˣϽȥʩȻ˵үһѾɱһۣһۣڻεء
ȨüȻʵԵ޹ʵģΪʲôΧǵת
æش⽩ʬ׷һˣѲֵ۾ˣ⽩ʬģһֱ׷
ȨҲûʲô취ˣ۾һתһǾسее㡣
бµģҵõ˳͢Ľơ
ɼ˷ּ·ȥȥ
Ǹͷ֮Щ㶣ĸԸðΣǰȥԮ
Ͽȥ죬ҪǳˣǶûȨͷ﷢㶣æ˵
Ǹͷ̫үһֻۣӲͷƤȥˡ
Ȼһ֮󣬵µЩûһԸðա
ͷʲôŵЩ۶ǵͷŽţûһ˸ǰһ
ͷû취ֻǰϢ̫үȨ
ȨһҲЩצѵǿЩȥ
ͷȨһ⡣
ˣҿ⽩ʬ񲻸ҹǽͷϽķȵ˶ˣӦýʬͻߡ
ȨҲûбİ취ˣֻͬⲶͷĽ顣
žжмҷеĴѽѽȫΧǽ֮£е۶ŵǹΧǽ䡣
ЩΧǽ֮󣬾ͼŵһɫӰڲͣĻζһͳţһֵ˲ţһᡣ
ΨһĺϢǣӰӲҽŵĸֻΧε
̫үȨõϢ֮һʱǰȫģֻҪǼֵ˰ѵ۵Ӧþûʲôˡ
˵ĵ˵һ̣ӵĻǣƮƮ˵ڵΧ
ʱùĿһֱֻ͸ʡ
Щüͷ˿ɲԭֻһɵСʿ
ҲɲˣΪһСŮѾѪ֮Уûа취ٻˡ
뷨λϵ⣬ֻڲ֪λһ̵ܷϡ
⻤壬λ͵Ʈȥ
ĺ໤֮󣬲ûܵķ
̤۵һ˲䣬ҲоһεĹٵϣͨɢˡ
Ҳ˲ЩˣĿϸĹƣֻһԷðŵĺ⡣
֮лһ˿ɫҿƮʵȴǳʵ
ӦǷеˣѾһĳ̶ȡ
̿ðźķ䣬Ҳʼˣԭڵһ˿ɫ˵ڵѾһ˿תͷ
еĳɹ˵ѾǵˣԺһظеĵᲢۡ
ԺΪУôǴĲҪʱӦźԼĵʱʱĿӡ
ôԩʱͻȻðһ̹⣬̹գۼûðźС
һŵûɢԭ̹ⲻˣǸСӤ
ЩԼĴ⣬ղظʱûзӤȥΪǹӤӵĵطȥˣû뵽Ӥûӣθϣ֮˵ظ


149 ˵
˵ʱڷ㣬̫ҽּؼʱѾƮƮ
ͻȻ֮еһԼ£ϽչײԼʹԼ߻ħ
ҲЩˣе˺͹Լؼʱ̲Ҫš
ôˣҪԼĿ죬һ壬Լʱͻ߻ħ
۾ֻ֮ǰһֵСޣԲͣĲš
֪ӤһֱǸڶѾԣͻȻԼߣѵǶѾʲô¶
㼱æֽӤڻУȻʵô
ǹӤȻûа취˵óʱ䣬ԼԺͨ
һʣ̾ͰһС
һõӤϢǲȻŭ
û뵽¾Ȼ޳ܵˣѾȻ𱨡
߾Ȼһ󵨵ĹҲʶôҪռݶѾ壬ܵˡ
뷨۷ų׹⣬ֻڴһ̾ץס
Ҳ·ˣֱӾͰ߿ԺС
ʱ̸ոƮ˵۵ԺУȡжͻȻͼһűײһĵʿ
ԺУ۹ۿȻԺվһź̡
㿴ź⣬֪ӦһظС٣ĻҲ塣
ҲʲôٶˣȻǵԼͷϣӦге˼
㲻ܲˣ;еľ⣬Ȼо˳ŵĵ⡣
ǸҲǰ׸ģһԷԣгֵ⣬֪Ƿǳ׷ԼҪǱôУҲܵش
ҵֻһΣʵͱԺֳʮ߰˸̵
㱾Ѿ׼ųףһЩͷԺʮ߰˸ˣһߵֲˡ
ӵֻۣܿľۼʮ߰˸޷еĲ
߼Ȼ֪еһԼоһЦСʿ޵Ŷѽڸһ
뵽ͰеľȾֻڰһӣڸ޾͵ۼһ͵ȥ
ղųüϲûʩչȻ˶ɴܶ߻ûа취Ϊ˲ЩֻԾЩĹ
Ծ˼£ͻȻӦԼҲûӦԵİ취õ
⣬֮ӻȡһֽӵһףһֽȵڵϵʱѾһܳһ˵ĿӣǰС̧Ա߻һź
һ˽ԣԱߵĹ̵һ˾ֽС
ڽ֮һǽӣ̾Ʈ˰С
ڵϻڲͣۼ̣ѾѾˣ׳Ǹֽһǳ䷨
Ʈ˰֮͵ĽۼԼڵ֮ϡ
ڵ̵תķɿ죬̾ڵתʼγһС
ԭȲͣ߾ۼγߵЩҲڵתʼȶ
Ǹ̼龰֪ãԼֶѾԷסˣԷ²ˡ
Ҳٳɣת뿪ϱĻǷܹҲ˲ˡ
ôѡ
ֻһĽӣǽ̾ӿĺЩһ̾۳һ
Щһʱͣ͵ϾҪӳ۵ȥ
λ̺ôҲ񣬶ЩͲ¡
ֻӶԼеľȣľ̾ͷųĲƣⲨɵĸγһ㱣Щ޷
ЩȻ޷λɣȴΧסܵĶж֮
ڽм龰һЦһĽӣٷźһûγɸֹ֣ǲͣӣһͽҲС
ֻоֵĺѾԼϵϢԼûа취һ˿һ
ЩˣԼܹԷԼҲܹƾָ̻ܹΪʤ
Լǽ¾ŶԷ׸ˡ
Լڵظô꣬òײųһСôɢ̶˵ʿʶôǹŹص˱ô͵ظ
һ⻰ʱͣ˶һ룬Ȼ˵ҪҷҲףѾĻǡ
ĻΪѾЩˣǹЦ
ǰ첻ˣǸСһĻѾѪӣɽ˭ҲȲ
ȴĻΪղѾӹӤĴ֪ˣԷǽһѪöѾĻǴġ
ȻˣνһǴѪӵġ
ǸɫЩÿǲشģǿ㾼۹֪Ҫǲ𰸣Լ߲ˣ˵͵͵ϵ֡
һ۾Ȼ˵ˣٸһҲˡ
ҲԸ⣬ʵǲˡ
ΪΣ
ֻʱƹܣѾظع
⻰ЩˣȻȲҵĶѾôã
˵ʱһĽӣǽܵĺ̾ͷʼɵӣѾʼĥ⡣
ɼ龰ҲǴʧɫǵظoУĥˣԼֻʣ±ˡ
֣ǸСѾͷֻûˣţȡһ͵֮УʱҲʧȥʲô
˵ʱ۾ͿʼתʵĴӦôȻǺõģȵԼص˵ظһʿһÿ
ҲûôɵڸͲĺˡ
һܵĺ̿ʼ̵ӡ
Σʱ̣ҲҧƴˣӻȡһŶ̹Ļһס
Щܵĺ̺ͻȻҵĿһһ˲Ǹϵ̹ۣôһиץסһ˲õۣһʧˡ
ҪܣһĽӣֽ̾ʧĵط׷ȥ
һ׷һӾǼɣʱǰͻȻһɫͨ
ֻһͨͨ̿ʼ£׷ʱͨѾֻʣڴϸ


150 ·
ϵͨǰʱͨѾϾҪرգȻǲģףֱӾͶͨһǡ
ͨرǰ˽ȥȻֱͨһ߼ۡ
һߵǸڳͨصܵظ֮󣬸ոһͱһС
Ҫ֪һ㷢˷ݣþȫġ
ɱ֮̾;û忪ʼ飬Ҳʼڡ
ܵظôҲǰ׸ģֻһԶһڣ
ҲɣʹܵԱߣһԾ֮С
֮У֮еĹʼͣĻ塣
ѾʼɢĻڵҲµɵ£ͣߣܿͽȱȫȫ
ҵʱͻȻоڻһǱ
ü̾Լʼ֮
뷨ǺõģʵȴûκεЧȻͣϴˢҪͬ𣬵ȴʮֵļͣεκεá
ׯЩˣ֪ԷǸôˣͲˮΪһϱԼǰ̶ȥˡ
Ҳûʲô취ˣֻܸϿȻصڹȥĻ½ԼҲҪܷ
뵽֮󣬱Ծӣ׼ֱŹصŶȥˡ
˵㣬֮ǸɫͨѾرˡ
ЩüҪ֪ȻЩУƾȥܵظ
ǰǿԣڵʵܵظ¾ͻ˰ڲ
һ룬ԼȻǰܵظǿҸ˴
뷨֮Ҳۣ׼ͱȥ
ȵʱһƬڣֻڴϻһЩԼԼ
㲢ûдųףһżԽ˸ǽ
ֻڷϲͣߣܿ˴ȻһԾ˴ſڡ
֮￴˿־ĵģû˷Լƿߵ˳ĴС
Ĺĳһֻۣлйٱʺ
ۣǳүĵȥֻź⣬ͬʱһԸС
߽һʩȻ˵ϣС񡣡
仰ڴϵǸͻȻŤžȻ˵ˡ
ز񣬲֪ʲôǰ
ҹţΪҵʦáѾǱܵظүһ꣬ںδ
ǰǼѾģһǳɰСѾͷ˵ĻǱ䵽ܵظҲЩż
Դҿ
˵仰֮󣬾̳ȥ˴ŰʱǳųĿԡ
ҸղѾɳǰȥѰңûҵѾĻǡ
һ룬Ȼ˵һζѾǱݺǵظһСʹֶΣѶѾƭһѪ֮У֪Ǻδ
Ȼһ⻰ɫͱˣǴɲͨĵطҲǻȪ֧ĻǶģһմȾԶ޷Ȫ
ѵûа취𣿡
ǳһ£Ȼ˵ϵoڣôƾǵʵҲܴӻȪ֮оȻضѾͥûѾûʲôˡ
֮Ҳ֪ôˣȷʵѾûˣֻħ֣ôȥȶѾ뵽㲻ɵģ
ϾǸСɣ̾ͺ޵ؽҧ
ѵظ˿˽˽ñ˵Լ˲ɣ
ҵظ˽޿ܳ
˵ҪûѾĻôȪ
ǳ֮Ȼʵǲ֪ǸСգҲûȥһһ
һ룬Ȼ˵Ҳ֪һӽ࣬ͨǵظӦúܿܲ鵽
ĻչеֻųһâȻϵҳʼɿطͻȻֹͣ˶
ǳͷһֳֻһգ֡
򿴵֣ܿͷ游
򿴵֮Ҳһ죬ô
ΪֳҲǺϤģϽںò׳һҿĹܿأû뵽Ĳӡ
Ѿ֪һйٲ棬һϢҾͻͨ
Ҫйĵͷ֮󣬶ܵظҲ˽⡣
йд壬ǳܵظͷźִۣùʣרִΪ٣ö߹
йִ˾Ҳ˵ִɷ˽ĹĹϽ
λйٿ˵ǹ˽ѰУ㻹ǱȽϷĵģΪΪһСܵظ
ãҾųүϢˣϣүүһϣܵظܹ취Ѿȳ
Ȼ
ҲڶˣֻϹֱ뿪ˡ
뿪˳֮ԽԼĵߣԽǾɥǰɵĻŶѾˬʵЦ
ȵ»ص֮СѾпһۣͻȻʲôæǰһƣǷŹصģӦǴ߲ϡ
ѷ˫֮ϣȻһŵ˨̾Ͷϳء
ƿţĿһֻѾϥһСļ̳ǰ
㼱æǰ֣ڶѾһ̾ЩģΪѾֱѾñ
Ȼһ룬ҪѾôţһʱͻˣʱһضѾ꣬Ҳûа취ˡ
ϵǿڵӵȥֱӾͰڵС
Ȼ˿Ѿ죬Լڵ˶ѾС
ʱ͸еԼڵ˳ŶѾ죬һӾ뵽ĵ֮С
Լڵʼת
ڵһʼתķųһʼŶѾ塣
ЩܿӵѾȫʼŶѾڸܡ
һѾֱϵʱ򣬷ԭȱ֣Ѿʼı
㷢֮һϲֻҪԼڵһֱͷôܱѾ塣
Ҳǳ֮ƣԼڵ뿪Լ壬ֻͷ޷ղ䣬ڼ֮취ѾȻأĻԼҲֻܿ


151 л
Ҫٻһ˵ĻҲһ׵£ƽСʧ˻꣬ʩչٻĻǣҲ÷Щ򣬸οѾĻѾڵܵظ
㻹ҪһԣһҪǳɹأ
ŷЩͨлѾ˵ֵϺܿ׼㰸
㣬һص㰸ΪʲôҪأ
ΪҲ֪Լܵظ˵ǲ㣬޷Ԥܵظ飬ŽʦܣܲǿнѾĻǴܵظ˻
͵ԺǱһֻ
ֻǶѾڵʱںԺģ׼ʱڵʵԼֵʱ
֮һЩ֮һ𱧻
㵽֮ȰѱȵԼķ̳ǰ׼ͽеĲˣӦýʽʩ׶ˡ
ֽɰд϶Ѿİ֣ȻѻֽѵɸС飬úëߣڼϡ
֧֮㣬¯֮Сλδ桢龪ַĹɽ֡ɽ·ؼլꡣջظ塢ſſǧͯͻ̫Ͼ
֮󣬾ͱŻеļڵأŴغѾɡһͷ
վ䣬һοͷߴΡ
һ׷ʱܵظ֮УѾĻظسɻ
ͻȻ֮ڤڤоһٵѾϣҪӰѪ֮аγ
ȴ޷ԿѪӵ޾Ȼ˵öѾϸ˸ǺֱܿѪ˻ȥ
Ȼǹܴɣȴ˶ѾѾЩĻǡ
ѾۣһֻԼȻѪ֮УĶ򸡣һҽвѡ
ѾҲһ䣬ͣ͸
ѾҲɵӣղŵǹ֪ʩԼ
ѾǸѾͷȻ֪ûзԼȻŬҲܾôȥǿһϮƣ룬ɴ۾һʩ
ȻûһĹ޾һγ֣һصһظӵǿ
ѾһоͷԾȥҪѪӵĿơ
ǻСѪӵֻѪӿʼ޾Ѫֻһӿͽɢ
Ҳ˫ԿĿʼڽְ˼ΣһߵȴһαһǿʱݵѾѾѪӡ
ʱѪҲûзֻѾǲӿͷһ˸߹һˡ
ѪӵķڣǿеȻʮֵľ޴Ҳ޷ѾĻǣ׵ѪӵϿա
˫סˡ
е㣬֪ܵظ֮۾̳ǰǸȥһûзϱнӡǳʧ
ΪѾĻǱٻ̳ǰôͻ̳ǰǸϣض¶ѾĽӡ
վڼ̳ǰһ룬Ȼַãٻһ֡
Ҫ˵л귨ִĹŴҲһַǳƾõķıּмʮ֡ЩҲи
˶ѾķѾ
»ص֮ԣëʣд˶Ѿֺ֮֡ЩдõİֽͶ뵽һ֮ˡ
֮д˼ŷ䣬Ȼ֮󽫷ˣͶ֮С
֮㱧˸ոֻûõĹϰЩ߰Ķȫ֮󣬰һֻźԼúϵ
Ӧõˣȵʱ򹫼һȻзӦûǸģֱľ⹫һ¡
⹫ҲЩצôˣҹ˯Ұɻ⻹Ҫѽ
һż⹫ɾͽпˡ
⹫Ĵһڵظ֮бֵľȴ˱仯
ֻͻȻһĳ֮Уһ⣬ֱӾѪ֮ϡ
ҫѪСһЩеǹʼռϷ磬ѾĻҲʼѪӵĿơ
һߵ㣬һξľֻһ¡
⹫һرЩˣֱӾ
ܵظѪ֮ϣֱӾͰѪ͵ɢˡ
ѾĻǣᣬ˳ֻһ˲뿪ܵظ
ȻŵѪͺǲƵģʼ͵ϷѪˡ
ʩɹһ˲䣬ܵظһһٷ͵пһۡ
˸оʮֵĺ棬ʲôˣͨȻܰ˴Ѫ̻֮
Ҫ֪ЩظҪѪ֮оˣҲ껻ꡣ
ʱһӵ⴫ܿƮƮ鰸ǰ
鰸ǰ֮̾ͻһ
Աһüԭصĳظ棬С˽Ϊһ˵ĻǻȡѪе
ԭλԱˣִ˾Ĵй١
йڵظλȨأʮ֮⣬ûܹƺˡ
λйٹ˽ִ˾ǧûгֹ©ӡ
йе飬ղѪеӣϾˣǵѪӵ꣬仹ЩϵȻλʩ˴ǿаĻǴѪж˻ȥ
ĸҲˣйȻ˽ҲɵӣĻͲȥĻˡ
һ룬⣬žԱˢˢ㣬дһ飬֮󻽹С˹Źء
ǹŹǰʮ˸أܿ͵ЩС
һ飬һ̾ͲȻŭҵС˵ôǷС
ԱߵһźСŭоһȻϽ˵ҹŹصһСרŵ顣
ѽС
ĹλıףҲ֣ͨһɨϾô£ǸԾһĿԣλдá
ûһĹ򣬾ͼ߰˸СṆ̀ĵ
ǹһˣ̾ʹȵСò£յʱ仹ЩͣڹŹǰһСô˽һ˵
̵˹ǰ֪ԼѾûĿܣҲһԹޣǸʿͨΪʲôĸԼʩһµСǰ
ǸʿʩĻ뷨Ҳʵʩ
ϱߵĹѾץԼǰȻɫѣ֪̾лвǲȻŭ
øСҵǰҲѽ͵͹ըһը


152 ػ
λһԸԱмСȥһ±߾ʹһ֨֨ž̵ĲҽС
һЩǽ´͹д˳Ȼϵ˹ǰ
ϣʵʱ
һ͹еĥѣʵܲˣֻһһʮؽľŹ˵һ顣
ǹ֮üܿչֻһץ̾һɭİ׵㣬бץ˳
̼׵뿪Լ壬һĺС
±߲̣ͣ¶һ˿Ĳ̡
Ҫ˵Ĺˣһ˽²ЩΥ飬ֻǲصʵϱûз֡
ͺñ˵һйپȻ޸һ˵ˣһĻǸ˵
ҪǱͷˣһְֻصģͷûз֣¾ȻƽƽĹȥˡ
һҲСʵûг۾Ȼһܹͨظˣ˸浽ͷȥȻûĺùӳԡ
ǲ̣ϱѾ˻ɲΪһСΥйٵ˼
͵عɴá
˵֮һ֣±ߵ̾ץȥ
ȵ֮תͷļλ˵λĵʿʲôȻܹ͵סйԹʡ
ļλ࿴һۣһҡͷ
Ǽǰпϵoйٲòӣ칬ѾӰǵظΪ
£ǻ治׵ʲôܹôйӡ
λֵܶ˽ҲͳĬɫȴûбһ˿ĺÿ
˵ѾĻǱʩǴѪٻ˳֮㻯һǣ˵ظϣ˲
˳ڤڤĸӦܿͷɵ˵С
֮ȴֵеƻͨرֱͨʡ
һĻǣͲҿǶѾô˵Ҳʦĵӣûκεĺ£һ˿˿׽
ֻѾĻڵ۵ϿһȦ䵽֮С
ѾĻѽͼԼϥԼĶ棬һֱĶԼ
ҲɲöѾĻʲôˣֻһ壬̾˵ԼС
ŻǹλѾ巢һž۾
۾Ѿ˺һˣΪķǳʧˣû뵽ѾͻȻ۾ϲ⡣
æվǰһѾʵѾ𣿡
˵ʱѾۣͬʱѾס
Ϊ㺦ĸ»ҰѾûлǣǰռԷһ
ǶѾ۾֮ǰ㣬ֻһİĺůԼǳ飬ҲеʦָԼţҲ˵ĸоɡ
ʦ֣ΪҲˡ
Ѿ˵ʱ۵һ˳žͲܲ˵˵ĻС
㱻һ֣ЩΣѾȻֻʮ꣬ҲѾʼǱҲǣҲܡ
ѾܿͷΣðһΣ˿˲ᣬ뿪Ļ
Ѿ뿪ˣһƵ˼Ȼ˵׷ʲô飿
Ѿѯʣоðһŭ𣬲㣬ѾҲûзƢֻǽԭȵͼӴ׵˵һ顣
֮ǲȻŭû뵽ϻж𱨵ˡ
˭˵Ŵ紾ӣִǶթ㿴ŴսթִҪǿ֡
ʱѾʼǾþòӰĽʬڻص˵С
㿴ʬ֮һŭ
ǷԸʬص۵İȫѾǶˣ֪
ͻȻף⽩ʬһơ
ǽʬոǰ㱨ղŷ飬û뵽ܻͻȻķѣֻһ£ͰĻð̵ɳȥɡ
⽩ʬȻ׷ʲô飬ȴûκεĸı䣬ȻˣȻ̾ǰ˸ղŵ顣
һ֪ӦǸ౻֮ڡ
ڶǺ֮ǣ˺ܽ𱨣ҲᷢЩ顣
⣬һҪһӦԼ㶯֣ȵ뿪֮ԼзҲ١
֮ǰҪ֪˵֡
Ҳ򵥣ѾϾǸôȻ֪˵֡
ѾǸǷ
ʦ֣С
ȡҿ
ѾĻΡΡվȻǽ뿪˴
ѾڻˣѪûпڻЩľʮֲ㡣
⻹ڵڣûǿڵͣѾ壬ûһػָ
ѾصԼķУȡ֣ŲˣС
пһ۱ϣ֮Ͱֽӵһߡ
ѾˣûлָطϢȥɡ
˵仰֮ѾһС
ǿڶѾеڵ㿪ʼӿܿ͵˶ѾĺѾֻһĶģ֮ǰһ£ڵͷɳ塣
ڵһ뿪Ѿ壬Ѿ;һĿ飬վվȣһӾ̱˵ϡ
һ֣ڵͷɵУָֻͷڵһ
ڵ̾ͷųһ⣬ȫɡ
һſһڵͷɻĿУž˳žĵ֮С
ָоڵͷŵķ
̧ͷ˿̱ڵϵĶѾ
һ֪ѵˣ
Ѿ̱ڵϣҲЩ£̧ͷֻ۹һ̵ֱͷ˵ʦ֣֪ˡ

Ҳò֪ߵغ񣬸ѧһƤë͸Ҹʩ
ȻνѵԺҪСˡ
˵֮󣬶ԱߵǸʬʹ˸ɫǽʬǰһ˶Ѿǰ壬ȻƮȥܿͰѶѾͻ˷䡣
ڶѾ֮һ̹ʹĹϷɳļϡ
ԭǸӤһֱǱ֮УֻķԸղŲҳѾκεİ
ڼѾѾ뿪ֳԴ֨֨֨һ˵
ЦЦӤıȻ˵ģûѾֻҪһѵʡԺҪ֪ߵغ񡣡
ǸӤĻǷٴαԴ˲䣬֮»һ̹⣬˶Ѿķ䡣


153 
㿴ŹӤżȥοѾҲЩʡ
ӤԼģԼԼͨģôоԶѾԼҪ׽
ҡҡͷһеĶʰʰͻط˯ȥˡ
˵֮УЩǽţһֱǼصһӰѾˣŷ
ҲҳţǺһҪһţǸͻȻǿɾ군ˡ
̫үȨЩʶģһ£ͻȻԼԵһ˵ȥҵĹӡ֮ȥҵ۵ǰ֧Ԯ
Ǹ֮ŵûֱǸۿˣðΣȥţɲԸ⡣
ȨһôңϾŭˣֱһŰ߿±˵һȥԮ֮
Щµۣһ̫үŵһ۾Ҫ֪ЩȻϮģΪϮǵ·Ӽ̶ˣְζۣҲһĻᡣ
ȻЩ˶˼Ǻܶ˶жǾǸʬ
ҲлģһС۶ʮֵѾϿʼ˽֪ӦǰȫģǱӣлүǰʩ
̫үĻСԸΪ̫үһ⡣
ȨȻ֮·Լһȥŵ̾ˡ
ãȻдǱپӦ㣬ֻҪŻΪܲͷ
Ȩ˵֮󣬾ԱߵʦүȡԼĹӡŵС۵С
Ȩ֮ҪѹӡС۴ȥʲôƾ֤ΪӡǹԱȨڣǳ͢ӡ
г͢˻ţټǬǸʬҲ
ܱ֤ܰȫۣȥ
С۱ŹӡֱӰγе̤ǽߣ֮ͷ˿µЩֵܡ
µۣСҲǼĽǵġ
ĽǣһɹЩ˵ͷˡ
ĵСͲҲڳЩ˵ĺ󱲣һȥҲ֪Ρ
ǸС»عͷһҧַǽһžǽͷְǽͷȥ
СΧǽ֮󣬻ﱧŹӡ߸ߵľȻܿ˿ûжһ̵ܵ˴ϡ
ȵ˴ϵʱŹӡȻǲҷ
ڴѾ½½ĳһЩСˣǿһ۾һľͷӣĴСǰߡ
Щϵ˶ЩЦڶԷǹٸˣֻǱ
С۾Źӡһ·õۡ
ʱž尲һЩһֱıģƽ
һȻȭͷͶŵ۵Ĵʹ
ʱ㣬ո˯˲һʱͻȻ֮ͱѡ
ʵ۾ڴͷ̫ѨȻһŴϵۣſڡ
ոմ򿪴ţͷ͹һˣֱӾſǰ
ɰһôˣһĴ
ʩƼˮ꣬Ĵ񡣡
ʵǼˣղȻţһֱϣһţ͹˽
һ㻰̾ʹӵϹϵûֻܵļˣûסӡ
֮Щ˼ԼˣֻӣεĲ֪˵ʲô
ǸǰҲ㣬ڼæ˵Ͽȥžɡ
˵֮קš
þҲûаקһ
ЦЦ˵Сֵܵô£˵ףҲ׼׼ȻĻǾȥˣҲǰ׷ѹ򡣡
Ǹ֮һԴǻָǣһһʮĽϣžһˣžͱʬΧ˵һ顣
һˣӦǸܻܵԼҵĽʬһֱ벻
̫үҲ֪еԭҲӦŵòᣬԼȥȥԮ
ûʲôΣգ̵飬ʮԸȥġ
Сֵܣҵһȣƶŷͬһȥ
˵֮󣬾ۣԼȥˡ
һΪǰָãҲװģ׼ණǸû÷һѡ
ȵ㱧һѵİ߳ʱһĴˣѾԴء
һۣȻ˵ȥ˯ûҵķԸ첻뿪һҪ֪Υÿġ
Ѿ֮ͷ̾ͰԴ˻ȥ
㻹׼ôݣһѾеǸӤةļϡ
ҿŶѾβ뿪
ǹӤԴСһر֤һ
ǸӤǰһͣǹӤ˶Ѿķ䡣
ӤصѾ֮󣬲ûн̳У˶ѾԱߣѪ۾ض
ղŶԹӤ˵ĻѾڷﶼѾˣڿӤģԱߣԼͷ˷ۣȻֱӵڴñӸסԴˡ
ǸӤûзɾ裬ֻ۾ȻŶѾ˼ǳףʲô￴ء
˵»صſڵʱ򣬼ǸС۱Źӡ߶أǰˡ
һˣǰץ˵ҵĺõүϿ߰ɣһߵϷˡ
żż
һ߰οۣһߴ˵ۣȻĹغţһ·ŵſڡ
ſڵʱѾЩˣֻѾΧ˶ʮգһָֹ
⣬㶼ЩЦնѾ˴ſˣžȻҿţѵԼǸʬų
СۣҲЩ죬ǰЩΧſڵİգһϡ
ȻǺŵϣ˼ʮǵҲˡ
ǸСʵûа취ˣҲֻǡ
֮СĴŵĴſڡ
Ѿŷпˣһ߸һӽſڣһ̾ʹһС죬ۺ
һһߵ̾ͱץסбһԭص̫үȨſڡ
鷳ǰʧˡ
˲عǫѾ˵ˡ
ǽǸô죿ֱ·
˼ڤ״˵аǸʬܹһֱǱţǿûʱš
˵ĶѽȥŶû칫ˡ
ҿɣǸʬӦ׷ɱȵǸˣ罫ǸʱŵĵطǽʬӦþͲŸǻˡ


154 ɽ
ȨĻһ£ҲΪСһˣŶ˽ȥ
ȫ¶Ժ󣬾ԼԵʦүȥ˹
Դϣܵظ֮󣬾˽ʬսսĶһֱȵշʱ΢ܹϢһ¡
˯Ժʱ򣬾۹š
ʲôò˯ˣڻ˯ԺΪԼء
ߵĻЩˡ
СӣϿ𴲣̫үﴫأ˵仰ʱǳߡ
ⶼʲôѽǰƴƴһҹ˯ðȡ
˶ԷĻ̾ѹȻԼЩûڣղԼ˯ԺˣȻŵˡ
Լ·ϾͿţſվһۺһʦү
վɫôãǱղԼԸˡ
Ͻǰʦү֣ҹһҹղЩ˯ͿˣүҪ
ʦүһۣ˵תߡ
༱æں߸ϣ⼸˾ʹӺԺתŵǰߡ
ǰ̧֮һ̫үԱվһʿʿʶǵ۵
࿴֮Щ飬ԼϰȷʵЩɥģΪԼܹҲֻһض𱨵ˡ
Ȼô룬Щ飬Ҳҿ㣬̫үǰһȻ˵̫࣬ү
Ȩ´һһ£ûϸĿڴˣȨлЩøС
ֻΪ˳ȷʵĲüĿһȨǳľ׽
ض񡣡
˷ԸֱվһԵȨķԸ
Ȩָ˵ǵ۵ΪǴϵ飬ǰ񡣡
༱æǰ
ƲһۣȻ¶һ˿ЦȴǳĿ
칫ӿ첻ض񡣡
˵֮󣬻˫ֲһ¡
ĿҲһЩ˲֪ϵ顣
Ȼ㲻֪ϵ飬ǽһжð죬ԼЩӣȥаԼ
Ȩ˼˶ˣһ룬ȻЩ˼Ķ˵칫ӣ㿴ǸѾˣʲôʱȥûطסس㰲һط
ҲȨ൱ͬ࣬Ļһƽϰգ͸ˡ
ЩģŵʱôۻܰȻҪ뿪ţǸô죿
۾һת˰취
ˣСŴ˰˹ĺãֻһֱԵռ˴ˣڴ̾Ἰգϵ顣
ȨҪ˵ҲǽʿֻףҪ˵˹±дĺõ˶ǡ
ȨЩ֪֮ģķвûнӻ
Աߵʦүʹɫ˼˵Ͽһ
ʦүǸŶµģҪ˵ǷǳϬ
һӵȨɫ̾ǰһЦ˵칫Ҫѧ˹£ʲôصеţһҾͼǴƽд¹ȥ
˵ʱʦүԱʹɫǰ뿪ˡ
ȵ뿪֮Ȩһ˵ڰˡ
Ȩתͷʵǽô죿
ڴﵽĿģȻЦ档
ˣƶв󷨣ֻҪ󷨻ڣǽʬ϶ǲ
Ǿ͵ˡ
˵仰֮ҲȨ͹ǣͬʱԸԵʦү㣬ʲôҪģⷿȡ
Ը֮Ȩ㳤ĴһǷҡҡڰڵĻլϢȥˡ
Ȩ뿪֮Ҳ֮˸ȡ߼
֮󣬾ŵĿյϲһɷ
⵹ǣ㲻벼󷨣ʵѧֻɷ
֮־͸ǻˡ
»صԼԺ֮ɫ
ྐྵȻԼ鷳ǽϾ͸һģȥܵظǸ游ɡ
ôԸʱڳд˶Ѿ
ʦ֣ˣԵһ·Ͼͺá
֮󣬾ЩģѾڴϢʲô
뵽㼱æ³ȥ̽ͷһֻѾѾָ˾æǰæˡ
Ѿɫ㲻ҿҲָˣһԺеʯϣŶѾѷ
ҲǶʮӵĹ򣬶ѾѾĸˣ׷͵ʯϡ
ʦ֣Կˡ
ͷĬĬĶһڣѾŸҶӳԷ
ٷ˳ԵĶǳĳƣѾһЩѹԺ֪ʲôǸʲô²
ѾΪ˴£Щġ
㲢ûڷѵѾֻڷѾ̻ȥκεĵ顣
Ѿ뿪֮һæʰ꣬Ȼ̾ͶԼķ䡣
ص֮󣬶Ѿǳһ֮󣬶ϵ̳˵˵ʦֻ᲻ҵѽ
˵ʱ򣬶Ѿǳݡ
ʱ̳УһǵЦ
Ѿ˷ۣСÿ춼ǣֱǶţ١
̾һĶѾֻǷǱĵ飬ĵĿ
Ҫ˵鼮ѾЩԣΪûڰִĵᵽ
˶Щ鱦˾飬ѾǰҲǷġ
ǶµõġﲻŮȴûм
Ȿ˵ֱָ𵤴ı˶Ѿʮֵӡ
ⱾԴӱ֮󣬾ͱװһСĵķһӣ
Ȼÿһοʱ򶼻Ƚ鷳ǶѾΪ˰ȫҲûʲôԹԡ
ѾԼµһǣ˵ʯשһСһľӡ
ѾӴ򿪣ȡǱӵġﲻŮ
֮ڴǰʼϸķģһľһĹ
ֱɫѹûиأæҽ·ŵǽµĶУ֮ʰòоֱ֣
ѾæµʱҲӶѹ
ÿĻ׷
ԴһκԵҪ۳ɵ֮ɢ㼸µĹ֮
ڲò¿ʼ񽫺ϣٶ½۶ɣȻ齵ٵԼõ֮С


155 ɽնа
֮ô񽫺ΪʱԽԽǷˮ̫ˡ
ԼСӰ壬ֲһ͵һĴб˼Ҵ˻ҪЩ׼Ϊɱﵡ
ǰӵе׺ͿѾԵЩھŰһԱ񽫣ΪԼɱﵡ
ͺȫһΪԼʧһأڶʱٶӦÿܶࡣ
¿ʼʱȴٶȷǳĻһ񽫺òܹɡ
һ磬ȻƽڴʵѾǳķˡ
˳ԷĵѾ׼ʱ㡣
ȻǱʯԣڣתԼķ䡣
ѾĲ죬Ѿŵò˵ˣҴҵʰԼٴλصвҳˡ
Դӻصһοʼ׷ϣڽ붨֮У콫ò
򲻴ԽżôĳɹԽǲ⣬ԼҲЩɥˡ
̾һӴվԱߣŴǼžҹɫķǣеǹɻƽһЩ
侲֪֮⼸Լλ̫ÿƽȥκεĽп߻ħ
̾һ֪첻ˡ
Ȼ첻ǲ˵ûǸѾǣӦøһˡ
֮ߵԺУŶѾķ亰һ䣬ѾҪ£Ա߿һ
֮жѾΪڶѾҲ˵ţҲӦ֪֪ŷ档
ѾȻ˵ڿǱﲻŮȴһֱڸڵ
һԺһһ߶Ѿ̶е飬Ȼ򿪷ŴܵԱߡ
㿴ŶѾվԼǰнֺõɫл⣬֪һصˡ
ܾôķŹҪһʱ䣬ĻѾϾֻƳ
Ҳûж˵ֻǵͷȥ
Ѿûмѵһƨƨߵĸúһ
֮Ϊʦһ㣬Աߵϡ
Ѿʵʵվ֣ķԸ
Ĭһ˵ǸһðǣһӦ˳ȥҶΪǵǸܵġ
ѾǿϿ˵ˣԵķһЩȻ󿪿ʵʦֵ˼ʲô
ҾҪС˵
Ѿ֮Щ̣ϾһСŮڵ˵ҪɱˣǲŹء
㲻׼ͶѾֱӾͷԸ㰸
Ѿڰں㰸̹֮
ĵͷ㰸ǰ˿ֲõĻ㲻еķûһ˿һĲ
ǰʱѾڵ֮УȻûʽİʦǰһ׶Ѿˡ
ӱȡǴеõı
ѱ˵ǽģԴӱõԺܹ֮⣬ûĹʾ
ʩչķúͷɽйأѱΪӣһǲǻ͡
űķڷ̳ǰȻһԵĶѾ˵ҪʩչǷɽնаŷ󣬽ħնͷ쿴ˣ׳ԣȵʩչҲ١
ǶѾĽͣϽĵͷǰĽ̻סˡ
˺һڼ̳ϵǰѱס
վʱ󷨾䣺ҽǷ֣бԣ̤㱱ܿ̫ˮ޻ˮ嵴룬ˮλȥ
֮Ӽ̳ȡ˷֮󣬾ڵϻͼ
֮󽫱ͼС
ִ֮Ĵָָڣǰ岽Ĳ
վʱȥնаΪֽ׾У
֮󣬾;ڵڵʼɿתžһɹɵķʼʧڣǱ֮ϣȴһ塣
ⱦ뿪˵棬Ʈǰ
վһԵĶѾͣѾŵϴ
ʱٴ̳ǰɰʷɿػһŷ䣬֮ûȼŵһ֮УȻִԱߵһˮˮȼյķһá
ˮˣֻǽⷨˮУȻķӿϣб仯
һͻȻ죬еˮһƮǰı֮ϡ
ǰѱһˮ֮̾ͷ˵ĺ⡣
ţⱦʹź֮صĴˮС
龰֪³ˣڷ̳ǰдԼ
֮һ֣Ƿɽ̾ǰ
㽫дõֱֺӾͲ˱֮ϡ
ǱͿʼȻҾڴٴοʼ󣬺Ѱʲô
һⱦ׼ͻȻ˴ֱسϷһСԺȥ
֪͵űûѪܹ֪ûг
˵ⱦǴлһ⣬һ˲һСԺϿա
СԺϿ֮ⱦ׼һ䣬һһ˹ȥ
ֻӷ֮ײһһ˲ڣۿҪдŵǸˡ
ʱͻȻǸһӣϿ׳һӣҪס
Ǳޱȣ׳Ȼ˵֮лһ⣬һͱӴ̻˼ڡ
Ǵϵ˼龰Ҳǳһû뵽ıȻ˵Ϭ
Ҳҵڴһ̾˵أӻȡ˷Űеı˼¡
ǱȻ˵ǸղŽеǸɫնϣǺҲʧһЩڰУȻˢ¡
ˢŷ䣬˱ϡ
䣬̾ͷŹһһεĿס
ʱһ
ʱŷ֨ѽһˣ̽Դ˿ȿľǰеǱ̾;úëֱðҪǽԼ˯Ļô¾ͱסˡ
˳ǽﵽеǸȻСʵôΣ˰ɣ
ԭվǰľȻһϵʿֻ뷢ѾЩףȴʮֵʢ
ʩصģƶѾ÷佫ѱסٹһʱ䣬ȵϵɢܽˡ
˵ʱʿҲǷǳ⣬ֻ뱨˵һ֮û뵽Ȼõ
ԭʿҲڰеѱǷ


156 һ֮
Ҫ˵ʿΪʲôأҲþ
ϱͻ֮󣬾;ԼǱϳģҵĽǸϮ˴Žʰʰ뿪ء
ʰ궫ո뿪ԼĿջʱ򣬸ոյĳžͰһͷ
ڵϹ˼ȦֻͷֻͣǾõùԼǺȿˮѽ
ûĻͷһֻջſһõĵʿ
ʿѾǼûԷˣţһûˡ
Ҫ˵廹Щ֮ģһͰԼŭˣͬʱҲһЩ̬̾
ʿԣһȻʵôˣ
Ǹʿ˺۾һֻۣ˵һ֣
ϾˣʿǱȥģǼæͻص˿ջ֮С
ջеĻЩԸˣʿãǳζ죬ҪǽǿջĿ˻Ѭˡ
λ͹٣Ҫʲôѽжû𣿡
ô˵ģȴ˿ջĴǰȥˡ
ƳСһֱۣӴӻȡһǰȻ˵׼Щ࣬ȻԭȵķԱ߰һ䣬λϴϴϢһ¡
ǸƼϵе˵࣬̾¶Цݡ
͹٣ƺðɣ͸׼
˵֮ǰ彫ʿ˿ջĴãȻ̾ȥ׼෹
Ҫ˵͵ϡҲֳɵģ˺ܿƾһϡԼСˣ˵ʿԱߡ
ʿǸղӣһϡ̾ˣֱӾͽ뷹ԼǰҲˣ࣬ͺ˸ɾְ֮ѰǰСҲȫ
ȵ극֮ʿЩתͷϸĿ˿ࡣ
һʿǳһԭֻӡ÷һɺֱͨš
Ѫ֮ѽֲһ˾ɥʱ
ǰʿ
Ͼ¿˶ˣҲ٣ҪȥܣҲܲ
Լѵʱ˲ԼֳΪԼ׼իӺ滹׼ԷϢ
ô˵Ҳһ£ԼôȥôԺԼҲħһء
ԼˣȻĻҲԼˡ
뷨֮ϵʿ๰һ֣Ȼ˵лλӣûĻҿ¹˽졣
Ϻ˶ǣûңҲбġ
ǵʿЦҡҡͷѻǲ϶˵
λӣƶҲǵˣҲЩղһӣͷֹӡ÷ڿѪ֮֡
죬⻰̾ͻʿһӣⲻ
ڶڵྭһϡ£ʿĻֻŲɡ
վʿľһȻ˵ȷʵһЩ鷳£һȡ
˵ʱ൥ϥ򵹣һͷ
ǵʿû࣬һ
ȻʩƶôƶȻǾĽﲻ˵ĵطһƧ˵
˸ϽվԷʿ˺׼õķ䡣
Ƚ˸⵹׼ķ֮Էʿڴ£վڴ߹źš
ǵʿ͵ۿһۣûκβͷɫɵðԵ˵ͷСӹȻӡ
ǲ֪ʲô£ϸ˵
֮͵ۿʿһۣȻͷ˵Ҫ˵ʵЩ˼ȻҾʵˡ
Ͱľһһʮʿ˵һ飬Ҳû
ʿԭȻźţ˺ɫԽԽȵ˵ʱһ˦ˡ
סˣڱ˵Ҳǧ㲻ǣǶԼ˵ȷʵһ֮
Ҹղô˵ĳӦǸǸ۵ĵʿ
ǡ
ʿͣͣϸһ飬ȴûзָŴפľݵ㡣
˵С۵ĵʿӦеõʲôؼЩֶΡ
ȻûʲôŴɣԼˮҲ̫ķɡ
ʿ˵ƶ֮׷ǵǸʬӦǵеʿΪ
ʿһ仰̾͵࣬ȻûʲôˣʹʬģпҲֻˡ
˵ԼӦУ뵽ʱҲһĺ£ô˵ĻҲˡ
壬㲻󷢴ȱһȣֻҪܱȫҵڼΪһۣõܹС
ǵʿ֮ҡҡͷ˵ҲҪʲôۣʩղŶһ֮ҲܲϾЩֶΣסʩ
˵ʱʿţ϶ӮǸʿֻҪȫ˫ĶԹҲˡ
ǲ֪ǽϸô죿˵ʱʮֵĺ£ŵᡣ
ʩغ£һŷ䣬ϣס䣬ȥطʣµ¾ͽƶɡ
ʿ˵֮󣬾ʹӻȡһŷ䣬͵ǰ
СĽӹȻķźá
ǵʿƵԱķȥٳŵʱ򻹻ͷûҵķԸҴܣĻҲȲ㡣
ص飬ȻʮֵĽ˵Ļͷ
ôһʹУĶҲûȥ緹ҲջĻ͵С
ǸʿԴӽķ֮󣬾Ҳûг
ԭǸʿΪϮĻǸʬΪסʬصذԼϵһ˿ʩ˷ֻǽǰͽ⽩ʬסʱ˷˵
Ҳ飬ҲΪһ֮ȣʿͦ໤
˵ʱĵУһĹҲûмЩ֣Ҫ֪ɽȥ磬ҪɱҲһ˲飬ôõôʱ䣿
ЩԾѵʲôˣ
뷨֮㲻ٳɣҪٻأǷɽ飬Ҳɽת
ϾˣԷסԼı
һǼˣѱԼ˵ǷܹзܹǽãҪִʱƾѱ۵ԼҲܹǿ
Ҫʧѱ˵ʧ


157 
һ뵽ʧȥѱĺϾðһ亹ЩˣԼղŲӦðʧ
һͨıҲܹʩչɽնаΪʲôҪԼѱ
ܿƽѱԼóʱĶԼͨ
Ǳ˵ȥһʱҲ޷Ĩȥⱦе飬ʱֻҪԼ¶رҲʧܴ
֮ǰҪһ취ǾȫǱܲƿԷ
֮»ص̳֮ǰһλһŷ䣬Ȼԭȵӷٻ֮󣬷ŵˮ֮С
֮һȻԺжűʧķһ
ͿȥնаΪֽ׾У
ڿͬʱͬʱȫԼڵڵųİ編ʧ
ڲԶǸСԺУ꣬ڤڤһ˱֮ڡ
Ѿסƽıһգ̾һ
סŷ䣬ⱦһ̾ͬʱŹ⣬Ҫ½ⱦסһⱦķǳڱ֮зųһĽʼĥǷɵ
ߵĶѾ澪һеǵʿΪ¸ɣ׼һ򵥵ķ£ϵɷ
ߵķ̳ոյİںãһ߾ͳ⡣
ʿҲ˲ˣһ¾ʹԼǸ䣬ֻڰбͣķѾʼۿҪͻԼķ
ʿҲҵ̿ԣлһŷ䣬ȻǱһ㡣
űѾķ䣬̾Ϳʼâʢһѹס˱
ʿһ
ӦǸʿʧ˱Ҫѱٻȥ
ϧԼĶôܹô׵ľͳȥ
ˣʿǰԣԣȻ͵űһ
Ǳı̾ƽȻ󻺻Ǹʿǰ
ǵʿһЦ̧ס˿鲼ⱦãȻԼϡ
ҪⱦԼԣǸʿʲôܴԼϰⱦߡ
ԱһֱۿŵˣǰһʵûгʲôӰɣʿ׷ɣ
㲻صģھ͸Ͽ뿪أƶڣøʿҲûʲô취
̴֮ϲϿȥʰֻŰʱ̾뿪أҲطˡ
ڵڶϣ඼ԷʿǣȻҴҵ뿪ػؼȥˡ
ʿҲʰһԼĶʮӣƵ뿪˵ջ
˵ʱһûг˶ͷʧԼıء
ϵʱվԼ۵ߴ۹سǡ
⵽û¸ɣҪ۹ۿǱʲôطҲãԼǰȥѰҡ
֮Уسǵĸɫâཻ֯γһƬʽ˲ͬ
һ⣬ǳϤһ֪Լڵĵط
Լıû뿪أ̾ǴϲֻҪ㲻ԶݣҾͲܶҵֶΡ
뷨֮Ȼ̻صԼУȡľԼȻַʮŸƵķ䣬󻹰ԼֽҲڻУһǰȥҪǱ
ʰոյĳţͿѾվſڣϣԼ
һӾ֪Լȥܹͬ⡣
ʵʵиҿ飬ҪǸҳһһʱÿġ
ѾҪ֪࣬ûϣˣǴͷɥĻصԼУǱﲻŮ
ҡҡͷȻ߳˹ţ۵ȫĹرա
֮˳ŸӦ򱦽ķȥ
һ·㵽ΪĵضΣиСģԼˣġ
⴨ϢȺ֮У÷۲ͣĹ۲飬ڼʮⷢ
ǰ̾ͽмҪ׷Ǹˡ
ǰǸߵҲ׷һĹ򣬲һЩ룬ҪǰͿһͻȻͣ½Ųһ̷ȥ
㱾̶֣ǿҰʿЩ֣ǾʱĸվһԣҪʲô
ֻǸʿСԱߣʩһ档
ǸСʿͷͷɵۣһǸûǮģǾͿںǳĶҰʿϿ߿⡣
Ǹʿ֮ҲֻȰһкüٸֻʩһңҲʲôʧ㲻ҲˣαطôƢ
ԱߵļֵˣϵʿҲȰǸСʩʿ档
ǸµķˣȴĲϡ
ʱʳһƼ泳ֵòʰԼǮ˸棬͸ʿ
ǵʿӹǸСһЦȻΧ۵ϰ˵˲֪ϧʲôкܺóԵ棬óһͬƷ˵Ȼк棬ΪβԼأʿ˵Ҫ֡
ڴڵذȥ˷ϣ⿪Ĺߣ˸ĿӣȰ˷ŽȥȻϣҪˮࡣ
ϲֵ˸æ·СҪһ뿪ˮʿӹڿ˵ע£ѿˣ󣻺Ȼ㳤ҶïʢһͿ˻һ棬㣬ѹÿ֦
ԶԶĿһĻüʿϷ糾ȻѾ˲֪ƶĵز
ԭУǸʿʹһ۷ǸСһ͵ߣȻһȫ˹
ʿʹժ͸ڣΧ۵İռĺ£ǷӵϣǵʿҲģժ־ˡ
¶һ˿м΢ЦȻǰˡ
ЩֵϰǰҪأûһ˸·ʵֻ̫һЩ˾Ͳطֳһ·ߵ˽ǰ
㲦ǰߵʱȦеĵʿѾ㣬ʱüͷʼͣͬʱɫҲʼ
ԭʿΪֻǴѧһЩƤëı£һؼˣŷгɵʿ
Ҳκεӣطе棬еİ˵λԴһͬǰݷã˵ҷ档
ܵİҲģǼʿȻ棬ûκεЦݣ֪˵Ĺϵ²˵ôɡ
ߵǵʿĸǰ΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻ˵ҵĶǲǸûˣ


158 ɱ
ǸʿĻ΢΢һЦȻ˵λزʶǺʱĶ
ƣָǵʿŵĳ˵ҵıô뿪𣿡
ǵʿЦЦҲֻѧղԹ˭
Щȴ˵ʿ˵ҲֻԼѧղ
ԼҲпգԼҪиʦõ
λҵı㻹ǲ
ⱦƶģ²ܸһİˡ
úãλֹȻǣȻˣǾͲˡ
˵仰ʱ붯֡
ǸʿһֶֻһڣȻ˵ط̳ܣʺ϶֣Եһ£ƶ飬Ǵӳȥһ
֮ܿ˿ȻѾΧ˼ˣֱͰΧˮйͨˣҪﶯ֣Ҳͻв֪ٵ˱ˡ
ͷһ
ǵʿãٴιҳЦݣȻܵİ˵ƶЩ飬Щڸλ
˵֮ʹժûаĹǼٸȫꡣ
֮󣬶㹰֣뿪
ȴôˣȻĻ´ȥϷ糾ĸε˵УԼԣôһᱻ˳Цػ˵ǳĲ
ǰһס˵˵ûа꣬Ҫߣ
ǵʿһ㶣ȻЦ˵Ѿˣһʲô£
˱˵棬ѵǮ
ʿĻϾЩÿѾ֪㿴Լ۷
ʿܿͻָƽƶ˵ĶʩҪ
ЦһָԶǸС˵ûñ˵棬ȥĶ
һָʿ۷̾ͱˡ
ʱתͷŷǸСĳѾˣһҲȫӰ
ǸСԭȻŲӿ֣ڷԼ治ˣ̾ʹʧɫҲܲˣǰץסǸʿ
ҰʿϿ컹
Ǹʿһ˦֣Сͱ˦˼Զ
ЩİǣһһɢСץסҪǮ
Ǹʿ龰ݺݵĵһ˦䣬ֵһԣɿȥܿʧˡ
һûΪķУԼǱǳۣҲʿˡ
ǸСֻǿһۣûκεİ
һղŶʿ˵ʱ򣬿ʮֵĲԼûҪΪһƲơ
ʱİ¾£ǸСʹ飬ֿ˳ԼĸӦѸٵ׷ȥ
һ׷׷˳⣬ܿһǰ
ʱ㷢ԼıڸǸʿӦûԶ
ȻϣոյʹתǸʿ
Ǹʿ㣬ߺߵһЦ
λҿ㻹ǲҪ׷ˣƶȻıȻЩնԸ㣬㲻Ϊһɥ
վ֮ǵʿ˿ȻֱӾʹӻȡľ߸ߵľٹͷȻһתأתɷûתת׻𾪣תתɽת޵ͷһʮֲΪ֮²ö
꣬ͻȻܲ翪ʼ㼯
Դڵ֮ʹ׷ԽԽɣһʹѾˣһ֪ĵʿ򵥣ԲȫΪٻ
Ǹʿֻֻ˿ھϱۼ磬һ
ʿӡУʹ׷ĵʿн˵Ƿëǡ
һɵһ׷ؼһΪѹ׵Ĺ
ǰСʿôӵ
ʿոճһ֮ϾǾϲ
ֻԼǰСʿⱾؼԼУֻҪǶ׷ؼԼʦӦûԼ
뷨֮ʿѽеһ־Ҳȫѹ
ֻʿӻȡһѻƶȻ󵱿ȥ
ƶûκεϡ棬ʿһף̾˵ʿǰ
ԶϾˣʿӦҪʩչɱ
㱾Ҫ磬ҪⷨϾͣ
ΪСõİ̷УҲһŹڵҪһʿʩչɱ֪ʲôͬ
ǵʿбۿһۣûнǾ¶һ˿ЦСʿ׻С֪ն
λʿջĿ֮󣬾ͿʼҷԶȥѣҺ콫رؽ񽫣ٱٽ񽫣У
ʿһĹ򣬾ͽĸ
ֻǸʿŲݴеЩƶһָеͺҵĿһһ˲ӵЩƶϡ
ǻƶһ̾ͷ˾޴ı仯ųҫ۵Ĺâһ˲âͱһ˶
ŹâʼâɢǰǶʮףͷĻƽʿ
㿴˿ǰĻƽʿЩһΪЩƽʿ۵ľɱȰСһǿĶĶࡣ
ǵʿһЦ֮ŻƽʿЩƽʿĴӵƮ֮Χγһ󷨡
Ȼ˵Լ׷ǳģǼԼûΧһ˿þҲɣ̾ϵ磬Щƽʿȥ
ٶȼֱ쵽ˣ޷߸һϵֻϻһ⣬ֻյĵ
ǸʿȻѾʹȥԼĻƽʿ̫죬ӦЩѾЩƽʿϡ
ЩƽʿһϵĽ̰һЩмƽʿֱӴӰ˵ϡ
վԶԶģһϾ֪鷳ˡ
ǰЩƽʿȻ˵ϵĽһЩ֮£ǾȻ
˿ʿʩչɱСļֽҪǿĲ֪٣ٻ콫Ͳͬն
ǸԶĵʿһ磬ûаԼĻƽʿôһͬʱ֪ȥĻô磬ԼľͳԲˡ
ǵʿָ¡
ǵʿոյĵ꣬ЩľżһĻƽʿͻȻȫֻһȻóԼı
֮һŹ⣬âľӵ˱֮ϡ
ʱոշһ磬ûü︰ͷŵڶ֣ۿžΣ


159 Ϊʤ
ԷĻƽʿѾһЩ鷳
ЩƽʿղѾԹˣԼ֮£ֻǽⰵһЩԷѧɱӦͳ
ҲҵæȡԼıľ⡣
ľ⣬Դӱõμÿһζպա
㻹ÿֵƽʿ
ֻ㽫ľ⣬߸߾ͬʱ巽ʹ顣Ƽ̳ԾΪǲȥа뷡
Ŀھ֮̾ĺɫƿʼڸۼ
㷨ȷʵʩչЩˣûۼ׵翪ʼЩƽʿѾԡ
ֻһƽʿеĸֱֱͷ­
ںôҲ޳ڵޣ⹥ֻһرƮһɣ˶ԷĽ
ǶĻƽʿ߰˸ˣոնһλһֽŵˡ
㵽ڿЩˣԼķȻǿ󣬵ǽĹȴʮֵϡ裬֪ҼŽķ
Ҳû취ˣֻªͼ
ֻɢȥ˸ղ۵ƣеķת֣ͬʱϱ㷢һ׵磬ǰһ̾һбֱӴ׼Ļƽʿϡ
ڵ׷Ѿǵˣټľӳ֣һεĹǲСӡ
ֻһڻƽʿϣ̾ͰƽʿĻⰵ绹û꣬ʼƽʿӡ
ԶǸʿ龰Ҳһ׷ȻԼĻƽʿǿѹ׵ķԴ޳ֻʹùһΣһҲֱӾͽѹ
һʹȴ㼸ӣЩģ㻹ʲô¡
֮ʿҲˣֻдʣŰһţ̾ͷɳ߰˵㣬ЩĻƽʿС
ղŵʱЩƽʿȻ˵ѾܹȴǳĽӲҲϡ
߰˵һ뵽ǵУЩ˵ı̾ǻ࿴˿Ȼأһ˲׷㣬Χ˵УȻٱһ
ѾŵЩǿҧӻȡֽӣȻһס
ǽһ˲ͳˡ
㲻ҵ˽УʱǸĸֱѾ
߰˼һڽϣֻáॡ죬Ӵ˽ײ߰¾ȻŽӣûκε˺
˴˻һĽӣǽ̾Ʈ˰УǻƽʿĽ
ɵ֮У˽£ֻǽ̾ͷɳĺӰ
ЩӰвͣȻֱӾԶǵʿȥ
Ǹʿģֻԣʦɱ񷽡ϺŮ㲻顣ɽʯѣӡ¡ͷǣףǰл񣬺Խ¡ʦɱܺǿɱնҹ⡣񲻷ιҵ
ھֻ꣬ʿ̾һĲƵ
ʿվм䣬һӣ̾һĲмոײĶһⲨײ̾ͱ
ʿǴֲֻͣлĲĻ費ͣɢǱеĶ̾ͱĨȥ
ʿһеĶһ߻æ͵еָЩƽʿȥΧڰеֽӡ
ЩƽʿǵҵֻأƯ˰գһֽӷȥ
ЩƽʿȻܹƯڰգܹСȵķУǱֽȴϲࡣ
ֻֽ͵ļ٣ȻͣĴǻƽʿȻں߽棬ٶȵĹϵҲӽзеֽӡ
ԼʱûΣˣӻȡһ
Ȼ˵޴󣬵ĹҲƵķǳֻЩ
ԽԽΪ⿽ܹɱͬʱҲܾ۴ĹΪԼá
ǰһʱ䣬ǰ̵Ľ˹Źأ߷ųĶЩÿշ
ֻڽлǿ⿽⿽̾ͷһŵĺӰÿһӰһеĶ
Щոշɳͱֽӵĺ֣ȻЩѾǳĶһðøӵ
⼸ٸһȥ
ǸʿѾɱ䣬ֽзų꣬ոһ£̧ͷһֻɷ֮͵˹
ʿһ㵽а˵ɣôʹĹ֣˵аɣֻڵ׷
ҲɲٿЩˣֻʿ͵˼Ȼٴοʦɱ񷽡ϺŮ㲻顣ɽʯѣӡ¡ͷǣףǰл񣬺Խ¡ʦɱܺǿɱնҹ⡣񲻷ιҵ
ɱһ꣬ʿ԰ĸĲƣһοʼ𵴡
ʿΪⷨıϵЩɷ²ܽ˲ŷһЩ
ǽȴһΪЩĶɱͷŵǲƣûκεľ£һӾͳԡ
ɱȷʵЩеĶȻ˵ʿԣȻɱųĵⰵ
ǾЩҲˣҪһСһⲨƵķΧڣ̾ͻɢҲֻЩڵбѹ˲֪ĶܹʱֵҷĹ
ʿ龰æˣҪеĶϮ
ٶٿ죬ܿùϷеЩ˺ܿͱЩ׷ϣһӽ̾ʼҧ˺
ʿֻԼʲô˺ѣǷĵʹֱ޷ܡ
⵹Ҳ˲׷ɱˣһڰ׷ֽػƽʿһת
ƽʿһʿԣ̾վܣеıϲͣĹ֡
ʿڲ˴ϢĹֻɱ䣬ȻӾͿʼͣл衣
Ļ裬һĲƣͣɢзĸֹ֣ʼͣı޴
Щһƣûκε⣬Ƿܲǰͳ塣
ƽʿȻΧ˵ʿܣĹϵ©֮㣬ͣؾһֳưΧȦ⵹ǵԣпҧ


160 ԭ
ʿڿЩֲסˣʵ̫ײˣԼɱǰһЩ־ȻЩظ
ԼĻƽʿȻ˵Щƽʿֻ߰˸Էֱּ޾ȥԼܿͻᱻûЩֵΧ֮С
ڰе龰¶һ˿΢ЦһӦȲʤȯˡ
뵽ĸһԼеĿⱦȻһ־öеޣ
׼ٽ׵ĻˣԼı
ԼϥǰȻ巽ʹ飬Ƽ̳ԾΪǲȥа뷡
꣬޾γУһѹ۹һ˲Ͷ
λ΢΢һЦȻһ㣬һͷɳγȣλС
ǰλһǿнȥ㽵λ棬ԽԽʹõķλѾӦһʱҴеУҲĵõһЩǰԼ֪Ĺ
Щ룬ⷽλҲʼۣ˵ڣѾٷһ롣
ܿʹ͸ıĸ
һ̾ըƿʼѸٵĻ㼯ֻһ˲䣬ͰѸԲʮȫڸǡ
ϵǸʿһﻹ˽⣬ǶǸʿʩչѹ׵׷
֪ٲӿ¾߲ˣӻȡһ˿УȻԶһס
Ǽ˿̾Ϳʼͣӣеһͷһֱ쵽޾Զ
ֻʿץס˿еһͷȻ˿һĨ˿̾ʹʿԶȥ
ЩƽʿҲһڿն𣬽ʿԶȥ
ѣϾԼıڶԷУҪһԺ¾ûмĻˡ
Ҳ˲ϵƣûȫ۳ɹǵʿһָ
Ͼͷ˼ɫ磬ֱǵʿȥ
ʿҲǼˣֻԱߵһƽʿһ˦䡣
Ǹƽʿ̾ǰڣ̵ǵʿͷϣǷֱӾʹ˻ƽʿϡ
һصɺǰһֻһлƽʿ壬ǻƽʿ̾ðһ̣žʧ
ʿһһƽʿ۵ֱ£Ҫ֪ЩƽʿʦԴ͸ģÿһŻƶǾʦǧԴõ֮־ļѾͨһֱħı
Ҳ˲ˣΪϵӶ¡
ʿΪܹԼѣֻǲָͣŻƽʿǰֵ磬ֻӳһľ룬ԵĻƽʿѾĴ
ʱֽߣҲѾ׷ֻвͣĻſ
ЩеҲϣֱеǵʿȥ
ǵʿֻһԼĻƽʿҲѾȫϣɱ׷ЩޣԼԵģеҪǲЭĻԼҪˡ
ʿڴһס֣㣬
ʿ˵֮ʹӱȡ˱һס
ԷѾЭʱֹͣĽȻԱߵǸŮʹ˸ɫŮͱǰס˱ȻǮݵǰ
ӹĸһ£ֻⱦԼôʱ飬ѾȫѾһγΪ֮
̾һⱦ¼ˣҪԼµĹ
ǸʿűϸۿΪǸᣬǲٴ˿һĨ˿̾Ѹٵ߷ȥ
㿴˱ãһΰ۹ͶѾɳȥصĵʿϡ
ʿãһԼã˵Ѿӣ֪ԼӵмһҪǴ˳ȥԼ¾鷳
һδӻȡˣľ⵱ȥ
ľ뿪֣ûȥֱӾͷɵе֮С
ͬľѾͨľƵ֮УҲǣ֮ϡ
˴ʱΪӵΰoֻһ߰˵ˮͰֵĽɫֱԶǵʿȥ
ʿֻڰ֮иûлٶˣ߰˵δϡ
ʿڷþѾûκεĵֵıˣҽжûüͱ
ǵʿе˿ͻȻʼ󻯳һһ˿˵ϡ
㿴Ƕоһϲû뵽Լ컹ܰ׵һԱߵŮһʹɫŮ̾ͷµȥ˿ȡ˻
ӹ˿У÷뽫˿еȻԼ»ȥ
㼸νԵķ˿֮УȻ޷˿֮еκһ˿鶯ҡ
ֻü㽫˿зԼͲУٲˡ
һֽӣǽӾ˳һֽ̾һУһֽϡ
һ֮󣬳һͬʱԼıһǽⶫ˻
ҪûѱԼٶȾִ࣬޷ˡ
Լһܹ˵еıʡýѱڱ˵С
ȥ
ȻصԼĵ֮ȴֶѾڹſڣֵһԼ̾¶Цݡ
ߵ˵۵ſڣѾԴǵѽ
Ѿæĵͷ
ûѾһҰʿҪҵıѾҽˡ
Ѿ֮ЦݲãУԼʦ޵еġ
ɫһ£Ȼ˵һ࣬һؿˡ
Ѿ֮ϲûκεĲ죬¶Ц˵˾ˣֻҪƽ£ĶС¡
ȴô룬ִʱһ˿۸ˣȵЩѧ˷ѾЩխ
ɣȻͲķŹ
˵֮һ룬Ȼ˵㲻ǺСӤϤһؽβСȥѺ˽ˡ
ѾȻѾμӹζɱ˵ȴûалЩ̿֡
㿴˶Ѿеĺ£Ц˵ҪסԺҪԵ±£ֱֱ
ѾĻǷǳ˽⣬ȻϰԵĵ˵ͷ
ȻˣϾз½ˣҲˬ졣
˵ֱ֮ӻԼķ䣬¶Ѿһڵ۵ԺӵС


161 
ص֮ڴֻ֮һɡ⼸ɱЩӦӲϾ
ȥԼҪѹѹˣȻִһˣϢһʱ˵ɡ
ѾԼɱֵĳִԼϢĵط
֮󣬳ĳһȻϥʼ׷ϣ۳
ʱԼʹõķҲֻ׷޵ĳɳܣڳԼĸ̫Ҿּ֮⣬ͰصĿˡϡ
ֻΪŹ򣬱𿴸տʼֻǷһףܹٻһԱͥײ׽Լײ
Źôʱ䣬ѾüιܴˣһѾϾ۳λΪԼĵǵΪִŶһ
տʼô⣬ȴӦڤڤ˸Ӧϣһo硣
ԽԽǴ⣬ҪŹɣΪȻɻ䣬˵Ź֮޴
һֱײ콫ǺܶûʲôչһֱɫŰѾԷ̾һݡ
Ժеʯǰǰ߰˽ڵлشСˣĵͷ
һԼУһڣһ߶ѾŰչؿʼԷ
Ҫʱ򣬶Ѿ˵ʦ֣үү˸˵ǹʳҪˣǮǰʳֱջ
Ǯɣôʳ͹Ҳûطš
ǶѾȴвͬĿʦ֣Ҫǻǰʳɡ
Щ죬ʲô뷨˵һ˵
ѾҲƴǣֱӾͰԭ˵һ顣
ʦ֣ҪʳĻǮͺܶ࣬ϾʳմũǶЩһѹ۵ġ
Դид
ִʱͷǼΡݡеĸо̲飬仰Ƕôȷ
ҲȱʳԣҿͰʳǵȵƲӵʱȥ۸ٷһ
Ѿ˵֮󣬾ͿŶ㡣
֪ĵͷѾˣʼΪ뵣ˡ
ðɣ¾ɡ
Ѿ֮󣬸˵ĵͷԼΪʦЩˡ
ͻؿɽһˣ⹦򵽵￴ոʡЩ軧ǣ͵ˣȱ
СһĻЦȥţԸ⿴ľүүˡ
Ҳûеƣ»ҪѾԼƣʱҲһЩԼļʶԼ
ðɣҾͲˣȥɽ͵ʱǽʬҲϣһҪиأҲܰæ
ѾˬĵͷȻΪԼʲôѣʦֵĺҲյˡ
һ½˵һʦһ˿»һ²ܻһֵܲǵۡ
Ѿ֮۾Ȼ˵ʦ֣һûлʦſһشһȥɡ
ҡҡͷ˵һδʦΪͽûʦڻȥ˼ұʦͬˣôٴҲ١
ŶѾûɵӦһ
ҡҡͷǶѾʧԼҲִܴȥȲ˵Ǹʯָܴܲˣ˵ԼҲõڶ֪
˲ϼ̸ȥǰѻתʱѾϡ
ʱڵôˣûʲôĵط
Ѿ֮Ͼ¶˸˵ı顣
ĺ˳Ѿܹ붨ˣٹһʱҲܽһˡ
֮ЩԾʱ̫ҾּʱٶȻܿ죬ҲûѾĹͽ붨
ѵ˵Ѿһţ
뵽㲻ɵǰһʱ䣬ȥǸŮʱ򣬶ѾԼĽļγӰ
뵽´˶ѾһˣҲûһֱɵЦСͱʲôͬ
ѵСⷽӣ
һ뻹ܣѾʱֻڼһЩẕ̇͵Լһ·ƽڳԼʦãѧ˵
߼ѾӦ֮ӡ
뵽ҲЩңܰѶѾյԣѾˣԼҲһЩġ
ã˳ͺãҲ죬Ҫ֪ɸ¥ƽΣԼĳɾͻкܴơ
ѾĽĵͷԼʦֻ֪
㶼ѾЩһ˵ţɣϴ֮ҲϿȥҪ֪һһ𣬴
ѾһߵͷһԼʦ֣Ȼ֪̫ˣһһ⻰˵á
ڶһľˣŶѾԺѾʼﲻŮĶ
ﲻŮǴȫɣǶˣ۴ҩǶǣԴﵽ˫޵ĵز
վԱߣŶѾһһ۵꣬Ȼչ
Ѿչ֮󣬿ҲЩ˼ˡ
ʦ֣ʲôʱģ
ոճûдš
˵֮󣬶ŶѾڰ˵ϿȥϴҪˡ
ѾӦһɿشܽ˳ûмӵĹٴγʱϵĺѾϴøɸɾ
ͷȻȥѾҲģʽĸ
ڵеҲʮֵ㣬ֻǴŶѾʦ㣬˼ˡ
ٽ緹ʱ䣬òģֻԺеţ緹Ϳˡ
ڳ緹֮ͶԶѾ˵һҾҪˣ㻹ʲôҪʣ
Ѿһ£Ȼҡҡͷ˵ûʲôˡ
ðɣҲڵʱʲôȥȥȨЩϵҪӦûæġ
ѾͷʾԼˡ
ͷһںǽʬʹܵԱߡ
㿴⽩ʬѾ˵㡣
ǽʬǣ˼һ˲վ˶Ѿ
Ҳڵʱ⽩ʬ͸ԡ
Ѿ֮Ŀ˿⽩ʬεֻܽˡ
㽻Ѿ֮󣬾ʰʰң뿪˵۳أ׼һ˵ĵطôԽ
ոߵسһƬǰһˡ
ϸĴλŮһۣȻЩ죬벻ʲôط
˿˿㣬¶һ˿΢Цǰһ򸣡

һ֣Ͼǰλ˭
ⲻǵλɹùĺ


162 и
üͷǰλ
ȷʵǲ֪ʲôѵΪǸɹǰģ
ƶˡ˵֮ʹһףǸɻ
˫йֱ֮ӾͿʵ֪ɹã˺⣿
ɹúҲеļɵǣ˵ؽţūһǰæ
ɹʲô¾˵㲻ÿɷĻһ䡣
ĻУֻö˵һ˵Լ⣬û˵Ҫһ
ǺҲ˼ǷֵƳһۣ޾Ľߡ
ֻһ۾Ͱ㿴һҪݵɵʯȹ¡
㱵ʱеöͭӡ̾ͷųһֱһȦ
㱻һϴϾ;һ󣬽žѹ
˼üɵǰɡ
ǺЦЦȻһһȻ˵ҲΪԵģֻʱҪԶУԻһ޴ãչ˼졣
֮ҡҡͷ˵¿ҪɹʧˣƶҲҪţûʱչˡ
ǺЦЦٴһۣȻ˵ֻܳţǺʵĺܣֻҪǵԣЩԵģҪܵ˺Ϳˡ
˵ʱǺ֨֨֨Ľ˼̾ʹзɱһӰźܿľ˵ǺɵĻ
ʱſ壬ǺɻбŵһССꡣ
ֻ׺꣬ͨѩףȫûһë˿ôϧ
ŻСİëȻЦ˵ô⺢Ưɣ罫ô
ֻһԼû䵽һĵز
ɹòؿЦƶһͲʺ쳾ˡ
ǺɲÿɷЦЦȻ󽫻еСǰһݡ
һ룬С꿴ôɰԼִȥûиŮ׼ʲôͰС͸Ů
û㵣ĵľСѾǣһҪһԼй¶ȥɾͲˡ
ɹãƶʦطСƶԿ²ʡ
ǺЦЦ˵صģ⺢Ӹոճһ࣬ûпǣʩܿס񡣡
֮;һëȻҪ֪Ҳʳӣô£ȻԼ͵Լʿ
˵ԭ˻һ֣ҲǰУⲻҡ
ǺҲô룬ֻһԼеС꣬ȻĿһۣͽĽűߣתƮȻȥ
С껹֪ԼĸΪʲô뿪ֻſﲻͣİҪĸ½л
Ǹɹȴûлһͷܿʧ˻ҰС
㿴Щˣô£ⲻǿ
˼ҰѺӷ⣬Լܲܲܰɡ
֮£ֻȥС걧ڻС
㻹˵СȻĸ˵ʮֵĹɣȻڱ㱧ڻУѾŵû£ȴûκε
㿴СѽҲЩϧ󱳣ĸСԭ壬ҲĿʼƽ
㿴˿û취ˣֻܰСˣ֮ǰҪһһǲûпǡ
ûڵǰԭʮҪ鿴Ķ˵ǲܵġ
Դڵһֿռ䣬ȫ
ռ֮ڣֻҪǷ㣬԰˼飬ͱڲ鿴С
ֻһеڵ̷ųһɷ˳žָͷͷ
ɷʶںϣȻ֮̽⣬žСһɨ
̾͸оСеĲͺ£֮Ⲣûб뷨С껹ûпǣԼĶˡ
Ҳ׼ʲôʴ֮ģֱӾҧԼָСͷϻһȻдʣֳַ֮һ⣬뵽Сͷֺ֮ϡ
СȫƣǽгɣҲ޷Ӱ죬ΪһѾ뵽֮УҲ޷ֿ
Ӵ֮СҪ㣬ÿֻһܣǾ
ĻڣҲ޷һĿơ
ˣȻĵ˵СĶͷȻЦ˵Ȼң͸һ컯ڴ֮ǰȵ
˵֮󣬾ͱС뿪ˡ
ȵһڲݴ֮Уһֻ׺꣬ʮԻ뿪ķ˿֣Ƕǳ⡣
֮ɽ͵ķһ̵ʧ˲ݴ֮С
˵صִ˵Ѿ֮һҲ˼졣
ԶѾˬӣܿµĸҪȥܼĸˣϾܵĿʼʰ
Ҫ˵ѾʱҲ˲ٺô˵Ǵ͵ӣ˶ʮˡ
ЩӶѾ׼ؼҵʱ򽻸ĸףΪܵ˵׵ʱǮ
Ѿ֪ԼǸһж˵㣬ȻҲǹƽڼпɲǸһӣѾˣЩ˿ɶҪףʱк˱ˡ
ԼЩǮʱĸܹɿһ㣬ˡ
ѾʱԼܵǮһ֮УźãȻ׼һЩ·ŹűŹӤ̳Žʬһ·ɽȥ
Ѿһʮֽڼĺӣһ·سǵɽҲжʮҪһǶѾǷ˴Ĺ˻ȥ
ȵѾ˿ɽ֮̾ͱһԲ˵ĸ˷ˡ
ⲻҵĶѾôˣѵҪˣ
˵ʱ˻СֵĽǶѾʲô캦һ
ѾûĵһۣȻ˵ʦһ̽ף˳ӣ뵽ȥˣ
Ǹ˶ѾĻЩ˼ЦЦʵҲмʶѾ
ΪԴӶѾ֮ɵ˲ٺôԭڿɽ͵ʱ͹ĹƷǳԲ꣬ܶ඼ѾͻؼС
ȵ㱻˸ȥس֮󣬴ҸտʼΪ㱧ƽûʹسﴫϢǸسѾһլӣڴլӻҪ
һ´ֿʼĽѾĺˡ
ȻĽģһмʵģ˾֮һ
ô˴ֱֱȥ˾ĽѾҲ˵˵ûʲôʵԵĶ


163 ½
ѾĻȥˣ˸סˣקŶѾĵӣʶѶѾʱе鶼ˡ
ǶѾϢŰ֧ӦˣŶѾ˼ҡ
ѾһУ˾ͶˣرǶѾĵܵܣһ˵ˣֱӴ˵ѾĻУҲ֡
ѾһûĵܵҲۺᣬܵܿһִģӳھû뿪ԼʱԼڣҲ֪úòá
˺һѾ̻ƴ˵ˣˣոջЪһЪ
Ѿĵ֮ܵЩ˼뿪˽ĻȴĸڶѾһҲ뿪¶ѾͻȻʧˡ
ŶѾͽݣүүѾź̵˺һˡ
ѾǸؾصĿһͷȻתԼĸĸ׸
һȦ֮󣬶ѾүүЦŰеʵλʲô¶𣿡
ѾһүүȻЦݵ˵ʦһһص⣬ȫȥ
Ѿүү֮ɫЩˣȻǿЦ˵С»кȥˡ
ûʲôҲû£˳ǣҲǷżˡ
Ѿ̻ƴϵЦҲЩǿʹһɫ˼˵ϽѶѾˡ
Ȼ˵ЩľګǶŵĻƴӣ̾Ц˵ҲˣȥЪһЪʲô¶ȵϵʱ˵
Ѿصĸ˵ĻˣүүĽȻǴ
ǶѾĸŶѾصԼķС
Ѿĸ͵ȼˣΪأûнݡ
һѾȥ壬Ȼһ߿һ΢ЦҲ֪ôˡ
˺һϼƽĨһᣬŶѾеϣȻԱߵĹз˷ǷһȻ̯˶Ѿǰ
ѾһԭǼ
ڶѾʲôũ˵ȴǲ˵ıˡ
һ£ֻڷڵʱ򣬲óһ죬ƽʱͲܳԵⶫ
ҪΪŴǼʮֵټϽͨ㣬һǴϱ˵ߣҪϹˣԼǮ
ǰѾƷͲԵģֻСĵŸܵܡ
һضѾһУȻ۾һζ
˺һѾ۾Ȼһ۾ˡ
Ѿĵܵ󱦣ŽЦݣԼҲʮֵĸˣȻ˵ǱԤŹҪԵģǸԵĻҲԸġ
ĸŮ˵֪ĻһֱŲòһȥݳԷ
Ѿ߽֮󣬱㱾ܵظĸ̫̫һȥ
ûͱүүסˡ
Ѿ߳Է
Ѿ⻰Щ죬Ҫ֪ǼҳԷǹشĺܣеŮ춼ŻƴһеĴܹһԺȡ
ѾɲҾôȥҪ֪ڼ̻ƴƶˣûκ˶ܻ˹ء
˶Ѿ˿Լ̣ƴµضԶѾ˵үүȥԣ͹ȥɡ
Ѿ֮ߵүүһȥˡ
֮ʼԷͷֳ˲ͬˣһͷǹܹģֻҪǶ˿ԡ
ڻƴһĸŮͺȴûôˣǵͷģеŮ춼һеĺӶǰƴﶼû⡣
ѾŷȴһԼڳʦһÿĸԲĳԣÿ춼Ҫܶࡣ
ԼļȴܹӳԷԼĸһͷͲԣԼĵܵҲڳ壬ͷҲǸոյ˵漢
ŮһߵĻƴһ߳Էһ߹۲ŶѾı飬ɫȻǾͲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ϵһηǻƴﰲŵģҪöѾ֪еࡣ
ϣѾȻĸ׻صС
ĸæǰæĸ׼죬ѾĬ˰Σ˵ⶼһˣǼһûи𣿡
˶ѾĻеĶͣһ£ܿͻָ֮µ˵ʲôƲƵģǺƽһǼұö˼˵ѾǺõˣЩûõġ
˵ʱͣ¶ߵѾԣ۾˵ڱģֻҪǹܺԼǶİˡ
ĸ׵ĻöѾ˳ĬҲĸ׵˼ֻҪԼúã֣ܰԼĵܵܡ
ǶѾȴôҲܹԼƽһԼڵۺʦֳԺõĺȺõģԼļ˶Բ
ѾǿЦһ£ȻͶԴ⺰һˡ
ŶѾһУ̾
ѾĸһȻ󿴵ѾĵͷŹȥŴ򿪣һһֻվһɫ԰׵Ůӣϻźü
϶ŮӸͲʶҲ֪ôҹԺǽԼſڵġ
ѾʱҲߵſڶĸŲãǸŮӱĽݣվǽһˡ
Ѿͷ̽⿴˿û˿Ĺţĸףڴͷ˵ĸײغ£ʦֵĵֻΪʦֲһ˻ҡ
ʿǵˡ
Ѿߵǽʬԣһ֮»صߣ̯ϵǰ
һ򿪾Ͱŵ˼ԭжʮӣӼжʮ
ŮǮģ
͵ġѾɫƽ˵
ʵڶѾٻ߰ʮӣЩӶƽѾļǮ
ЩǮѾǲóһָ˵ģΪѾ±֪֮С
ȻѾ֪֪ԼǮ˼һ֣Ҳ˵ʲôģǲ֪ôĶѾȴһ룬ǰԼ
֪ЩǮɣüͷʵ
ͷĵã֪ЩǮҵ˽
Ѿô˵ĵͷȻһϲĿһѵӡ
Щӣټ϶Ѿ뿪ׯʱ˽Ǯʮء
ЩǮǾǷ˼ңӻùҲõĶӽĲǮˡ
Ϻܿ뵽һߵĶѾһ룬ȻЩлһ룬ŵ˶Ѿǰ
ЩջȥһҪЩŮҵ˽ܺ͵ҪǮ
ѾˣоһůֻҪĸģҲһֱż


164 
Ѿĸ׽ȻѾԺ˼ҳ
Ѿ뿪ɽҲѾһˣڼҲʮֿ֪
ˣѾ²ĸ׵˵ⶼЩëƤС£ǶҶһֻҵĺ͵һҵļ
ǶѾЩȴ÷ǳ棬ΪǶѾһǰʱǣڶѾʮĽ
˵˵ŶѾͻȻʵүôˣʲô֣
ѾĸŮôʣɫЩȻε˵֪Ķһģ֡
ŶѾÿɷ
̾˿˵ЩԵҪеĵ軧ÿ춼ȥ㡣
Ѿ֮һ룬Ȼ˵ѵûȥүȥ֣
ôûȥ֣˺üˣǲ֪ôģү˵軧ЦǾǲ¶
Ѿ˵ͷȴǣүҵ֣ҲЩ͵ģȻĻҲ̡
ѾϾʱ֮ģҪһֵʲôͣүԼʦָߣ֡
һҹ޻ڶ糿Ѿڵ۵ϰԺһ׶Ȼʰʰ·ȥ׼
һ߽Ϳæǰæ緹Ѿ׼Ĳˡ
ƴͷ˶ѾһۣЦЦ˵û¶ˣЪȥɣһ緹ͺˡ
ѾЦлһȻͻԼȥˡ
ȵϳ극֮ѶѾеԼǰ˵ʮĶϾҪˣʲô³̣
ʦʱѾˣһжүүģֻǴȥʳС
֮ǵͷȻֲ˼˵ѣЩصӣҶ˰㡣
˵֮󣬾͵ͷĬˡ
̶֮ҲϺõģȻϾҪոˣöѾʵ˵ˡ
Ѿ룬Ȼ˵ЩʦֵģеҶҪߡ
ʧûж˵ʲô
ǶѾϵĲ죬ǴӻȡһСǰ̯
ʮӴʮң⻹ϣĸʿ۶Ѿһ롣
үүҵ˽Ǯ֪ѣЩǮŲá
Ѿ˵һ£Ȼն˵ʦֵӲһ֡
ֵĶѾȸˣЩ˼ԼȻһСŮ
ֻǰѾǶһƣܵǮףԼš
Ѿҡҡͷûж˵ʲôٴΰ˻ȥ
ٴȴʱ򣬲֪ʲôʱƴѾݣֱӾͰϵӸڻС
ǶѾТģΪʲôգ
ޣȻӣҲЩˣһ˵˵˵ӻѾûУ
ƴƳһۣͲһ£ȻһŤͳݡ
ںĻȷʵû취ͷɥ¡
ѾҡҡͷȻЦ˵үүҲΪ˵ʦȷʵʲôȱ
ˣΪΪˣǼȷʵЩԲ㣬ϡ
ѾЦҡҡͷû˵ʲôʵѾǺ޼еˣǼ˰͵Ҳʶʦ֣Ҳ֪ߵľʡ
үүʲôʱѾ˵Щ飬ǰѻ
׼ϣѾ֪ͨ˵绰㵽ʱ￴žУ㸸ޡ
ѾͷȻֺүү˼ǳˡ
صԼ֮׼һЩаʦɷ
ȻԼԱߵ̳ǰει˵˼䡣
̷̳ųһ̹⣬Ȼ˶Ѿļͷϡ
Ѿ˿ͷϵСޣüͷȻ˵ȥ˵ģϿ취÷˿㡣
ǸӤһ룬ȻͻȻͱ͸ܿʧ˶Ѿǰ
Ѿ⣬Ȼ߳һֱվſڵǸʬͷȻʹ߳Ժӣֱȥˡ
ȵѾһʮֵ֣ǰڵʱ򣬳ݵ˻Ҫࡣ
ϸһЩǰݵһûһ˿Цݡ
ѾϾ¶΢ЦЩǶǳĳǰݵģӦǱƵû취
Ѿʱ㣬Ҳѧ˲ٵҵĶ
Щ鲻ԸǰݣôõľͲԸˣԹ
ʱλүеˡ
ѾվſڵһֱǳݵĲˣƵ߽
»صطѾһĸ̾ȹһֵһʱ⡣
ڶѾεʱһϵ
λʩΰүİɣ
Ѿ˳ȥֻһüĿˣ΢ЦſԼ
ѾӦòǿɽͱˣϾҪµӦþ֡
˼ңǰסһʱ䣬ڻһ
ǸѾôͣô£
ɲʲô˶ܽģǰСѾͷӦǸһ֣Բܹоס
ȻͬˣôҲͲٿˡ
ŶλСɹãһλʲô˼
ûʲôֻ˳һ
Ѿ˵֮ת뿪
ǶѾû߳ȥֱǸ˸סˡ
Сɹߣмº
ѾͣסŲת˵Ҫ˵ʲô
˵ԭȻʮĶأһλߵʱ򣬰ʮĶشˣǸô˵
Ѿ֮ȫסˣǣף˰ɣѵ֪ЩԼʦ˽ġ
λ˼ңЩˣЩزģҵʦ˽Ǯġ
Ǹҡҡͷ˵˽ңӪһضӦĸ
Ѿ˺Ѿȫûа취ˣҡҡͷת뿪
ǺߵǸ˵ˡ
һѵ͹
Ѿͣһ£ͻȻЦ˲֪ʲô£ǿȴС
ѾһҪһԭȾסĵطҲûƵ
ڶԷȻѻ˵ˣҲûҪˡ
ͷҸ㣬Ҫ֪֮Ȼ֪жı£ȡᣬҴˡ
ǸѾѻ˵նͱɭ´˶ѾһȻͻȻɭɭһЦ
СѾͷΪѧ˼־ǰʶĻأĻһҲú


165 С
Ѿ⻰תȥ
ϼһǲСȻҾʶʶҵ
Ѿ⻰˵ķǳˡ
ֻѾһָڶѾͷһֱĹӤ̾һǸ˴ȥ
ǸȻӤҲоһԼһ
һ˳ԾСΪѾССӦòʲô£û뵽ȻܹʹˣڴУӦЩˡ
Ҳֻǳһκκ£ֻ˼ٶȺ͸Ͳơ
ʮִ˼˵Ĵ
֮פôӤͽĴڻ˼ٻء
˹Ӥһ˲ʹ˴
˷ˣֻдʡ
˵忪ʼǸѾеĹӤȻҽ˵
һͻȻ̧ͷ۾ѾѪ죬ֻߵĶѾ˿ݵצӣŶѾһץ
ѾվԺ￴֣ͻȻ͸о˽ץԼ壬ҪԼϽ
ѾҲǸϴʶһֲ֮̾ʹӻȡʦɷ
ֻ͵һʦɷǰһס
һڶѾǰֳһ޵צӡڽ塣
צӡʦɷĽ֮£Ҳʼڣ󻯳һ̣ʧ˹컯֮¡
ѾϮҲˣֻһڣͼ̾ͷԾһˡ
ѾǰȵվסԲ
еǸˣڿĽʬѾЩˣΪѾʬѾ޳
Ҳݲ룬ֻѾǸеһָǽʬð⣬һֱ˶ȥ
ûκεĺ£¶һ˿Цݣ֨֨֨ĽͲ
˵ĽֻϾȻɫë
ǰһԾȻ˷ֱʬȥ
һ˲ڰһǽʬֻצֱ˵ظ
ļֱͲˣֻڰֻԵһ¸ù˽ʬһȻԽ˽ʬһצ
һצ˿Ӧʮþȡ
ķչҲȻһץ׼ȷĻ˽ʬĺ󱳣Ϊһضóѵʱ򣬽ȴʼ
ԭһצȫϣû˵˽ʬԼצˡ
ǸʬûһͻȻٴתȥ
Ǹ˼ʬֻĽżһأһ˲ʹܳȥԶȻٴԱһԾԾ˽ʬ󣬽žǼ¡
ǺһһĹڽʬ˵ֱϺ
ԺɢչŲʬ¶ԷĹҲסˣȻܹнʬǶڽʬķȴҲ޿κΡ
˫סʱͻȻ֮һֻ̹һͻȻ˼սĵطǸſȥ
޵ĽӽһղԺʮˣͻȻٶ
ʬ˺ûȻǲŹֻǰһܣ˵ǰצֱĸ
Ǹ˷ԼΣ֮ʱæġ֨֨֨ٴιֽС
˵徹Ȼʼ΢΢ĲҪͻƹӤķ
ˣûٴжǸʬѾǰֻֻצһ˲ûĸ
ܴشһĲҽУƴȫһǰǹӤ
ܴشٶҲʬצѾһЩˡ
ѾЦЦǾ׼֣Ϊ컯֮Ҳˡ
ǻûǸڳҴַܵ˱仯
ֻ͵һܣȻһֻһſڵϣȻշһռ䶼ʼ𶯡
ԭѾռϷĽʬ֮¾ȻʼͣȻվһˡ
ѾһʬʧأϾһҪ֪⽩ʬʦֽԼģҪûʦֽ
ѾæӻȡһѼܲ˵ģǸȥ
ǶѾΨһܹʩչķɡ
Ѿڶŷ˵жӣΪ޹Ѿʩչŷʱ򣬱ԳֻҪ
ΪѾ˹
ֱֻ˷ȥ
Ǹſڵϵ˶ڷļֻƳһ۱㲻ٹ˼ɣΪУֻһͨļûʲôв
ǽ飬ȴĿࡣ
ԭͨļڽӽʱ򣬺ӦʲôȻš
⣬յ±ߵֻоƤʼۡ
о֪ãѾˡ
ֻǼų֮ʣڰֳǻƣǼһս¡
Ǹ˿зų˺Ȼ֮⣬ȫû뵽ѼȻ
Ŀǰ£Ϊ˱鶼Ҫˣֹͣ˽ԱһԾ
ǰеҲһ˲ȻµһأҲ޷ˣֻһҽС
˾𣬻ڵء
ԭȵǴյϾȻһѪβͣﲻͣĻζ
ֹͣУǽʬҲָ־ֻ͵ǰһܣǻ赹ڵصȥۿžҪȡ
ѾɱˣǼæкס֡
кǸʬ͵ͣס˽Ų˫צѾ˵ͷ­ֻһԶ
ʱͻȻһŲм˴ҴҵĴ˽
Ѿһˣ˵Ĺܼҡܼҡ
λܼһţȿľǣѾ赹ڵص˺վ˵ĶѾ
һȻ¶˲˼ɫ
˵ｫ˻ܵĻܼһܹ⣬Ͼ˼Ƿǿ
벻ǣһֱųСëӣȻı£үؽķʦˡ
ܼҲ˾ֻһ£ϾͷӦǰѾһ
һ°ѶѾֵЩ֪룬ΪУܼҿǴھȻԼЩ̿֡
СɹãԼ˲ٶˣλүĸˣ鿴үϷŹһء
˵仰̧ܼ֮ͷ˿ѾԼĻȥˣһȻʹһɫ
ŵļҶǰǻԵ˷Ȼ͵֮С
ܼҼˣŶѾһƧĵط
Ѿһ³çˡ


166 
ѾܼҵĻÿɷػصһҪֻ֣ʵǲʶȤȻʦֵء
ܼ֮ǻȻ
Ҫ˵һүȷʵб£ȴһΪͷ۵⣬Ǿ̫̰ˡ
λ˺ԭȵֱԸʱ޹»
λȴ굽ǮˣûҪүЩ磬ĻʨӴ󿪿ڡ
Ը񣬿ڿɽ͵ʮĶҲеġ
ܼҶҲûʲô취Ϊλڿĵ˵ء
һܼ˵ϻˡ
ĻСһЩ
ѾмЦЦȻ˵Сʲôѵ˻ԳҪɣ
үǲںʮĶأλ˼ȻʮĶؾͲưոݡ
Ѿǲںˡ
λˡĻŻЩֶܹԸ
ҲǶѾղʩչֶλˣԲš
ܼ˼æĽͣɴ⣬Һ˵ʵɣλ˼ķеʱ˻֪ô£Ѿȡ
˵ʱܼҲ֪ʲôһս
ѾȴںΪԼнʬԼ־ͨټйӤԡԷʲôаҲԼ
ܼȻȰ˶Ѿǿںӣ֪ѾûýȥܼҲû˵ʲôϾǳ˿֪Լ˵Ƕôпˡ
ʱܼһҶҴҵܼҵĶߣĵ˵˼仰
ܼҵͷֻͥԶѾ˵һ¾ˣԼСİɡ
˵֮ʹҴҵȥˡ
ѾмƲƲǸȻ˸߲ҵĴŽʬ뿪ˡ
˵ܼ»صǸ˵Է
ֻѾѹڴҧгݲͣŶѾ
ܼҽŶܼ
Ͽүһ˸ϳȥҪڴû֮ء
ܼҲ˼˵ηʦ֪ѾͬүҲףүû취Ҹߡ
ληʦ֮ɫһ
ܿƽЦŶܼ˵ȻҲͲǿˣϲģһҪҳ˲ţɾ͹ֲˡ
вĻܼоһѾһҵǲģΪ¶㡣
ΪܼУǰληʦȻЩ£ǱǸͨʿ˵ʮǧ
İǸˣ˵ǰηʦһҲֲúá
ܼ뵽ûӦȰһȰ˻ȥˣһЩǮληʦ
ʦ¿ԩ˽ⲻ˽ᣬΪЩС¶˺
˵ʱܼԶһ£Ȼ˵ѾȻЩС£ʦȻǲúԶλʦȴͨΪ˳ͻ˭үӶÿµ˼ǻɸΪ񲯣ʱöѾҲˡ
ληʦܼҵȰοȴͷҡ˹һ
Ҳͬ㣬ֻһɼشѾģ¾ҴӦ㣬ɼҲͬ⡣
ܼоһ
ǰληʦһλɣ̲Ǳı£λɼҡ
λɼңΪ¼Ǻģ治ճ
ܼҲû취ˣֻ̾һȻ뿪
ȵܼ֮ληʦȴûһӴվղźͽʬսܵشȫһ
ηʦԼԷԱߵǸС
Сйһɡλ
ηʦ֮ⷿǸСϹŵĻһ㣬ȻԱдʡ
һηʦĶ߾һ֨֨
ͻȻηʦһֹ˻Ƶʼ˵ˡ
ô£СȥβͶûˣʲô˸ɵģ
ԭСףСѾͷСѾͷҲһЩܹʹʬӤ顣
ֻϲС塣
ǸѾͷһŷһѼһ׳ܷųн£СǱⷨˡ
Ǹ˻Ƶͣ˺ܳʱ䣬˼ʲôһ˵°ᵽұȰɽϵǸˣû뵽ֳ⵵顣ֻǸһʱˡ
׼Գ֣Ǹ𣿡
˼ҶǵͷˣҪװƣᱻµɼЦ
ǴɣޱʿЩͣҴˣʿڸҲպգǸҲԹ
Ǹ֮󲢲⡣
ǺȻЩͣʹ󲿷ֶϣˣ¶ˡ
֮ǣܰѺɴˣж͡
ηʦҲͲٶ˵ʲôˣܰСѾͷˣǶ˵ҲǺ£ʮĶؾûٸҸִˡ
ǲ֪ʲôʱ֣
ҰѼ鰲һ£һͶ֡
Ҳû˵ηʦ˺óʱųһ۾
˵Ҳһ裬ò⸽µˡ
˵ܼҴҴҵ뿪ص˵լ
ڴҴء
һܼһˣֱӾʵô˫ûʲô˰ɣ
ԭڶѾȥʱ򣬾͵õ
˵Ѿʹ㣬͸ӡ̣ټߵǰһϳǼ£˵ڶ¡
λԼףҲƲ磬˵˼ͲԼС
ȫɲΪףĴƼġ
һҵٻǿڱ֧ţɲκεĵطֻҧűˡ
ĽҲληʦ֮Ƿ裬ﵽĲˡ
ҿԼķҲƲ磬ѵληʦҹ֡
ΪԭĺãڵʱǶмӣԼǱ̾͹æ֪Ͳߡ
˼ʱܼǱ߻ػˡ
үȥʱ˫ѾѾռϷ磬ǵληʦ񱻴ˡ
֮¶˹Ȼ˵ı顣
ķǿԵСѾͷҲ˱£֪ͲӦ뿪
±ߵܼүĻҲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ʱһҰߵģôڿĺˣְѹȥȫϡ
ܼҲҷϾԵ˼ҵķء


167 
˵ЩҲûˣ̾һ˵춢ŵٷʲôͻȵѾѺʳ̫֮ƽˡ
ǣүҼסˡ
ɣȥɡ
ܼҹʩһ˳
ʱУֻʣһˡ
ֻһ֮棬˳˼
ηʦԭȵ£ҿӱһɡ
Ϊɵġ
Ҫԭȵ֪ԼҪ֮ǰǼһ£Ҳôв
ΪϾѧͳЩС
ǶǸȴһˣЩһ˵ɣʵһ
ԺУкܴĿܻ׻䡣
ˣЩһֻҪһĻᣬһŹԼӵеĳ񷨣Щӵġ
ֲûûԼүأǸɾͻռȵΪС
뵽ʱ۾תһȦһضѾ£ôΪʦֵӦòԹۣʱһҪηʦˣŪþܰߡ
뷨֮˵۾Լûϣ֪ý赶ɱ֮ơ
ѽ
һк߽һСˡ
үʲôԸ
ȥ׼ʮӣ͵ңҵĶѾ˵үҸʹ͡
ǣү֪ˡ
ȥʱˣô˶֪ġ
үˡ
С˵˵ķԸܿȥˣȻܼȡʮӣߵߵȥ
һ·ϼ˾˶ԶѾһҵĿأóʮһЩǰ˻Ρ
˻ûȵС˵ңϢѾ÷зׯ˶֪ˡ
õϢ֮󣬴żſӭӡ
СȴûнţǵŸ׵棬ӵݵĻС
үҶѾġ
ЦؽӹӣȻĴһ£ֶѾվæ֡
ѾϿүˡ
Ѿ鲻ԸߵǰߣǸС˵˵ͷ˵ˡ
ǸС˿ŶѾӣȴûκһ˿Ϊ֪
С˷ЦǰѾһǧȻ˵ɹû̽ˣ
еǣֲЦˣ˼ҶˣѾҲò
ˣͻȥ
ǸСҲɫģѾô˵Ͻˡ
֮󣬶Ѿ̻ƴֺڽֵһȦ˸ֵĴ帾ĹάȻЦĻȥˡ
Ȼ˷֮ŰѴó˵ϣȻԵµĶ˵ү͵ӣ˵ôɡ
˻ûпڣѾĸϱ˵ˡ
ҾһĽ˱ܣϾү͸ǶѾġ
仰ոյ˵꣬ƴͲԸˡ
ʲôѾǼҵҲûּأȻ˶ѾģôͺǼһҿЩǮȱţȵԺõʱ˵
˵ʱ򣬻ƴҲõ㣬Ǳ㲹һ䡣
˵ǰһǴС˼Լ˽Ǯ˵һ𣿡
ŵʱ򣬻ƴݺݵĵһۣΪЩϱʡģڡ
ƴôһɣΪڶѾ˽ǮҲ¶ʮˣҪǰռеĹأЩǮҪ鵽еġ
ƴѹϣϴЦݣѾ
Ѿô
Ѿޱ飬վ˵ҲûʲôãͷڼУƸɡ
Ѿһ˵꣬̾Ц棬žʹϰʮץԼĻС
Ȼ˵Щ죬Ƕޣȷʵûа취˵ʵڵģλһĶΪ
ΪҲֻǳĬĬ˻ƴж
ѾⷿʮֵĳɣǱ˳վԺпϵİƣĳ
ʱļͻȻһģѾæͷһԭĸЦӯӯվ
ôأ
ûУֻǾüһжôİ
ĸǰѾ§ԼĻУȻ˵Ϊȥ˼ʶѾСׯˡ
𣿡
ѽǵĶѾˣҪˡ
Ѿûٶ˵ʲôֻǰͷĸ׵ĻС
һƽĹȥˣ϶ѾԼڵȻ׼˯
ͻȻ֮ڴͷǸӤĳ̳ſڣʼ졣
Ѿһ̾;ӻȡ˼ʦɷʱ׼Էһ
ǹһȻһƬƽûκε죬ǸӤûӵı꣬ͣڶѾĴұģʲôΣգڽӽ
ѾӤѾһϳʱˣ˵ʵӤϲѾ㡣
ΪСӤϰԷǳ˽⣬ı֪꣬Ӧʲôвİȫ
ȻΣգǾͲԴУǶѾһվһֱԲǸʬ̾˶ֻһ˲˶Ѿǰ
ŽʬĵߵǸ񱻷ˣžһžĴ
ڶѾΪ´󼪵ʱͻȻ֮һ죬Ǹʬ߱˽
ȻǽʬϾֱûκǵģǶѾҲˣ⽩ʬˡ
ڽʬҪһγȥжʱͻȻ֮Ǳʬҳǽ߽һͷ
ͷһԱлһȣƵĽ˶Ѿķ䡣
ѾҲǺǵģǸ˸߽һ˲䣬ѾͰеʦɷһ˳ȥ
Щʦɷո뿪ѾֵʱƴƮƮģǽǾһŹ⣬Ȼܵһ˲ͱĸͷȥ
Ǹͷֻ̧ۿ˿ʦɷ㲻ᣬӡУЩʿķȻЩǺбֱͲһ
һǴˣֻŷһ˲ϣžͽţЩ̺֮һֱֵӾͰеĹȫѹȥ
ͷһԼʧˣȥžһ·Ҫϵķ䡣
ĺ£ʦɷܵʲô̼һͻȻ֮ǵĹһƬžʹӿһɸֱӾͺ䵽˵֮ڡ
һûע⣬Ȼֱӿ˵ڵķ˸߰㡣
ҲǸģҲǲţֻһѪͽȫ˳ȥ
ʱɫҲ˱仯ֻԭǴüĿӣѾһŻǵ


168 Ԯ
˸ո³ѪһԵĽʬȴʱˣֻǰһԾǷצӾֱ˵ͷ­ȥ
Ǹ˸ոˣ޷ۣ龰ֻǷˣ˵ԺӵС
˳˶Ѿķ䣬ǽʬҲ׷˳ȥ
ѾҲûкˣֱӾͰԼİ򿪣ȡ˼ֻȻҲ˳ȥ
ԺѾͿǽʬһαǸϹѹס
һϹӦǶŭҲ飬ÿһλǽʬϣǽʬᱻԶҪǽʬļѾͭƤǣô¾ӦþҪС
ǸŻԴˣһ߶Ըʬʱй򣬻ͷ˿ѾȻ¶һ˿ɭЦ
ֻһϵ·̾ڵϣʱѾѾıò
ԭʱѾΣһֻվŵĻǡ
ֻǾצץŵľȣŽʬһ¡
ֻôһ£ʬͱûͷת򣬵ﲻͣĳ鴤ȴôҲվ
Ȱһ֮תͷԶѾ˻ȡ
ֻôһ¶Ѿ;ЩͷͣѾվˡ
ʱһ̹ѾļͷվסǸСӤ
СӤѾļͷѾֻһӿԼȫ̾ʹԺѹ
Ѿ龰֪Լ²Ƕ֣ҲԥתӳԺӡ
֪ø죬һ˲ԺϣȻһζŶѾһָ
ôһָһƹֱڶѾϡ
Żƹ¶Ѿһ˻ԣͷϵǸСһôҡڣѾû˷Ӧ
Ǹǿ΢΢һͷȻǰһԾһӾͱס˶ѾһĿռ任һγǰģȴֻʣ¶Ѿˡ
ڵĶѾ۾¶һ˿ЦݣȻŶһԵǸӤе֡
ǸӤȴҲһ˲ʹ˷䡣
ڶѾŭʱǸѹסĽʬҲѹһûжֱ֣Ӵ䣬˹Ӥ̳ʧ˸
ѾæһԾһҪ׷Ǹʬ
Ѿ˰װ׵֣ǽʬĺģͰȥ
ǸʬֻǰܣںϮ֣ǿҲ
һ£ôĺ󱳡
⽫ǰһڵ¹һȦȻ̾վģǰܡ
ں׷ŵĶѾҲֻͷʬʵ̫ʹˣѾкüˣȻǰȻľȥҲû취ֻѰķˡ
ѾҲ׷ˣֱӾͣ½ŲȻſڵ϶ǰߵĽʬһ֨֨֨Һ
ǰڣǰ߲ͣܵĽʬܵʲôţŲ
Ѿǽʬжˣ¶ЦݣȻվϣǽʬӽ
ڶѾҪʬʱͻȻһ׹һ˳ǰ
Ѿһˣ̾վס˽Ų˵·㲻ߣ㴳Ž鷳ȥ㣬û뵽Լǰ
Ǹ˿˿ѾȻɫǳĲÿΪѾֶѾѾǸˡ
Ȱ㻹ʿɶֹĺã֪֪˵ʦдģ֪ˣռʦõҪǰѰ㣬ھˡ
ǺǺǣ˵ЩûõģµĵʿѾ˲٣ʻܹԱ
ռݶѾ֮ȴֶѾڲͬƽķоȻȫްС
Ҫһһڿռеĸ㲻ӿ뵽֮УȻķ
Ѿĥ˶ѾĻǣȻǿռΪԼķ
Ǹ¸ˣ˵ڤ粻飬ҲٶԣֱӾǰ
赸趯¸һĹ
ĹҲԽԽʢɢ
ǸѾĻǼҲЩȣû뵽׺꾹Ȼ͡
һҲٵˣֻҲǿдʣһ֨֨֨
ͻȻһǹ⣬ǹһӾʹǸ׺ꡣ
·ʩĽҪͷҲûڵֻǹԼϡ
ǹ֮¸ֻڵķһңһѪѾ˺
·Ȼҧûֹͣ赸
ǻǼ龰һЦ˵ҵҪֵܼʲôʱǶ˼¡
ǵĶϵǹ߰˵ȫ¸˵ϡ
·ѾǱͷ棬ϵİҲѾ֧顣
赸ȴȻûֹͣ
ʱҲЩżˣΪ֪ԷʩչʲôǾͿ¸ļ֣֪ⷨǺǵġ
ҲٿˣֻǰһţѾȻֱһֱָֻǰ¸˵ͷ
Ķˣǰһ˲䣬ȻѪȴ¶һ˿Цݡ
ֻͻȻֹͣ赸Ȼҽڵ϶¡
ĶǴҲʼžһɼĲƣܴһ˲ͻ˶Ѿ塣
ⲨƵĻѾһĲҽС
ֻƹһһʲôӶѾϱ˳ȥ
ѾʱҲ˵ϡ
Ǹ¸ǰһˣͱס˶ѾͷҲصľ׷ԶȥĽʬӰ
ǱѾĻɫӰڵſ˺һվȻԹԶȥİ¸ˡ
͵ĻͷѾļҵԺǰһֹͣ˽Ų
ԭղһ˲ѾɱģҪѾһš
Ͼ뵽Լ飬һᱻǳ͢ӥȮ֣ʱҿҲԼˡ
һһ˦ӣһƮ𣬵ȵɢȥʱѾ±һüĿˡ
Źһһ뿪˴ӡ
ڵڶ糿һĲҽУд
ʱǸո𴲵ʱ򣬱һҽУҶһرеˣæ㴩˼·ӿȥ
ȵҳʱ򣬾ͼڶѾء
ƴǰǰһֻڶѾĲѾһ󶴡
ƴҲ˲ûڵϿŵĶϱˣǰһֱӾײţһֻһƬңѾûжѾ
ƴ龰Ҳһҿʱţһѷס
صģҲǶѾȥʲôǸϿһҡ
ʵô˵ҲֻڰοƴΪҲףѾǳʲô¡


169 ع
˵߶ѾӰ˵㱧СƵ߽ɭֵ
Ĵһ£ֲûʲô˿̽ǣʯָ
һϢܵ彥ıģȻʧ硣
ѣվʱ򣬷Ѿص˵С
бŵǸС껹֪ʲôúɨ衣
㳤һЪһЪˣʱһһûϢĹ
㱧СصԼªķУȻڴһɣͲ붯ˡ
ŵǸСʱȴĴĴҴܣϤԼ»
ֹһСѾ˽Ĳˣ»صߣԴ˶ͷ˼˵ǲǸóԷˣ
СȻûпǣϾǺɵĺӣһ㶯˵ƽĶࡣ
ڿɲԴ˶㣬ǸСȴưոݣֱӾԾϣë׵ԴͣĲ㡣
ֵʵû취ˣֻ
ȻԼ׼һЩ׵ķ棬ȵعͷʱȴС峺۾˼˵ķ׼ˣҵأ
Դ治֪ҪʲôôһӦþд𰸡
Ȼʲô϶УںʳҲ꾡б
㿴˿Դ˷滹ûмѼʲôģû취ֻǽԼķɽСһˡ
֮㽫ļ飬ȻЩ棬һ裬Ǻˡ
ȵһ˵Сǰʱ
ǸСǶˣһӾ˹ȥͷǸС
㿴СԵô㣬ҲԼЩˣæѾ˵ķóھͳˡ
ͱС۵Сۡ
һ룬СԼչ˲ͻؼȥŮ
뷨֮Ͼ͸ʵУһ绰Ͱڳ˹
ͷ飬ûκεĲ
ڽӵָʾ֮󣬺ܿͿųſڡ
ոһţӭһ׹⣬;ϱʲôһ¡
һ¿ɰһֱһģͳţʱܵӡ
ǰ׹ſԭһȵСꡣ
ֻСĶ˵ҪǸҽҾ㡣
ôɰС꣬Ҳ˾֮ģŲһСв
տʼۣǼ֮ѾģʼǶСˡ
СǸ۶۾Ͷ߰˷ӡ
е㣬Ѿȵòͷˣӵ绰ʱ˵ѾұĴôʱ仹Ӱ
㲻ò鿴ô£һſڣͷһ˺һĸء
СУһ߽˸оͷһܣĽűߣȻԴȡ
ͷһӽС걧˻УСſԴԣı۾
ʱߵԱߣҪСꡣ
ָոС꣬Ǻ˯ŵСͻȻ۾ȵֱӾҧȥˡ
ҿÿ죬ҪȻһֱӾ϶һ̡
û취ˣֻε˵ĶСꣿҲȥһֻʡĿ۲
С⻬ëֺ˵ûطȥҪҪһģǱһֻǧĺɣȻһֻСꡣ
ֻǰĻЦҡҡͷ˵ҿǵʿħˣǧĺء
Ҳͣһؼһˡ
߰ɣ̫үĿĲǸ㵱𣿡
ûа㲻˼ӣĵͷ˼ǶΪ⡣
ʰ˼͹ţС꣬ĳֱӾͻTˡ
ڳϵʱ˵˵µ𣿡
һ־ȤȻνӡ
ôˣ
ºˣڸͽѿѰµżˡ
ô
ûԼ˼Ҳֻǿżɽ˵㲻֪ǱˣǸ۵ɾͲզˡ
˵ƳһۣȻ˵ںôҲǸĵʿѵͽһЩ
ͽ飬Ͳ⣬ھڵţֱһ죬õɡ
˵ˣǰµͽݵҲķ˻ȥ̨
˵֣ǵҾѾѹĴЩָЩа˵òǻˡ
˵ô죿ѵ֯һ˳嵽ȥǺˣ
֮ҲЩɥûʲô취ֹ¡
֮ôżΪҪҲǼڵһߡ
ں⣬ȴǴ򲻽ȥΪ˼ԼĽ
Ƕȥ㳯ˣϾԵ
һصӰ⡣
ʱĳѾƽɣȥ͵ûơ
㿴Լĺѳüչӣ̾˿˭ԼأԼΪǵʱҲֻһ֡
һѴԼҲó
ҪɣҵмˣһЩʱõıһһ롣
һЦտҪ֪ʱֿˡ
Ǯĸ̻ﴧŴѵĳƱȴҲˡ
һԼмˣ˵ӦԼһ룬ǸԼһ㣬Ҳ㹻ǰļˡ
ãǾôˣ͸һ׬Ĳư
㿴˷ܾЩģӲԼʮ߰ˎ飬Լæɡ
Ҳ˵̫ˣҿɺ˵һһأҿûʱ˼Щ¡
ЩźҪܹȫͶΰ׬ǮҵУǺܿͻΪһеٮٮߡ
ÿ°һҲԣһԼļάסˣ˵ǰ׬Ķء
Ǻðɣôˣÿһء
ʻʱҲҪ·µģóʱͣһ¡
̽ԴŰſڣɽ˺ǲ¶ЦݣѾģӦúܿб룬һԼõͻӵĶࡣ
ôĽ˰ɣΪĽµԿе٩˵
ʲôĽģ˼ҵı¡
˵֮Ͱͷ˻˳


170 
뿪֮󣬺ܿͽȻûһĹͣ¥¡
㱧Сÿŵʱ򣬾ͿԼŮգźĴ۾еСꡣ
ǳˣôˣôʱûŮһ
СҲԼԼĵǰȥקק䡣
˳ƶСһӾͱסĲӣһ¡
㵽ڲ⣬ԼûбСȥ
ǽСֱӾʹĻС꣬Ȼһ̵ܻ
̣̣쿴ѽְָҴ˸Сꡣ
ǸС׺ҲˣǶʮųģһطСﱧȴûκεķǴ㻳һĹɡ
վС˱ˣ϶ǲߡ
ΪʲôԱţȴҽӽ
˰ɣˣһСԴף泤ˡ
˵֮ҲˣֱӾͽš
ʱӳ߳ŮеСЩü
ѽСϴûУһҪʲôȾɲãҪȰСңȵҵҽԺϴ裬Ԥ룬ٱ
˵ȥС̵֣Ȼһ̵ܵ˸׵Ȼ̽Դһ
εҡҡͷȻݺݵĵһۣ˵ĴСꣿһҪдȾô죿
ûʲôӦòʲô͵Ӧöˡ
ҲУʱҴŵҽԺ롣
Ȼûа취ֹֻ̫ӴӦˡ
Ұأ
һʵΰüͷ̾ɳϡ
Ҳ֪ôˣӶĳ£ⲻһȥˣΪֶӣ㸸ֻȥɥˡ
⻰Щ֣ǼҾ¶𣿡
ɲǣ㲻ڵ⼸¼׮Ĺ£Ѿȥˣͺ㸸һҲ˶ȡ
֮ЩòͷżµĹ򣬼ôȥһкü˶ȶϸ첲
뵽㼱æۣԼĸ׿ȥ
һϾòͷΪĸͷϵڲͣʧ
Լ˺󣬲ͣĸĸײĻĸѾ˥ܣ˵ùˡ
ô£ͨ˵ȻһЩȴ䶯ôҡ
ӣЩġ
ԭȵʱǲЩ߶߶ģԴӶӵ˵ʿ֮ҲϿһЩ֪ⷽʶ
ԽԽţڶЩѾǳˣѾ׼ڼһš
ӣʲôͷ𣿡ʵ
ĿǰûʲôˣܾЩΡ
һԵȴҡҡͷ˵ɹġҿֻˡ
ҡҡͷÿɷ
ʱĵ绰ͻȻˣæվ绰
ι˭ѽ
ĸȺѽ
һֺˣΰܼܵҵĶӡ
СȺѽʲô𣿡
һͣһ£Ȼ˵Ĳĸȱż˵
Ⱥôһ˵ˣʲôȱż
Ҳż˵
ʱѾЩˣΪʱȷʵǹƵܶ׶˴ùһֱ£⵹ùΰϡ
һԿЩվȣæվȥס
Ҳ˹ȥѶ˵绰ϡ
ģҶɽʱһͷţײˣѾ͵ҽԺˡ
һ⻰ʱҪԱ߷ֱӾ̱ڵء
ӹ绰˵Ұôˣ˲Ǻذɣ
ʱû£ҽ˵ֻȣҪ۲һʱ䡣
ϾΪĸ˵ˣһѾкü˶ˣһظҲ꣬ѵɺ
Ͼ͸Ϲȥ
˵仰֮͹˵绰ȻתһԿɳϵ˵ûʲô£ȶˣ¾ͺˡ
Ȼô˵ȻĽô죿
Ѿûκεˣֻ۾Ŷӡ
ô죿Ͽȥϡ
һ˵վҵĳҲڣǹȥ
ʰ˼·ʹŷһĳ
̵ʱѾˣȵ˵طѾߵӡ
˲ϳԣֱӾ͵ҽԺ
ſڸȺһ绰һ̾͸ǹǿƲλá
˱Ҵææؽ˹ǿƲȴһֻΰȻ˵ϱˣʯ౻ĸ߸ߵģǾ񻹲Ⱥ٩ء
ΰһˣ̾ס죬ȻԹԵڴϣ˶һ
ΰҲûʲô£ǷһЩģϾŭˡ
ô£Ҳ֪绰ҪȺңһڹء
ķ쭣ΰֻСһͷﰤѵ
ΰһã˵ʲôˡȻ˵ң˵һǼҵļͥìȴ١
ʱ򷼷ҲãֻСܵԼүүĴߣСǱʯʵʵȣȻʵүү㻹𣿡
ŷתƻ⣬еѸٵĺг
ΰŮЦĺͻһﻹ֪ۡ
ۣۣһҲۡ
ȴţүүƭˣǰָʱ򣬶Ҫۺóʱ䡣
ΰЦ򷼷֣ŮٵԼĴߣȻ˵ֻҪǷүүͲˡԺҪүү
ϾҲѧˣҲɵӣҲүүڶǲ˼վԱ̵ĻС
ôһɰеǸСˣСһڱĲ㴭ֻͷ֨֨֨ĽС
̾ˣΰע⡣
бһֻԼŮбһС׹üͷ˵⹷ǲвҿЩԡвǾ͸ϿȥΣһҪǴͲˡ
ԭΰѷеС꣬ǺȮˡ
ʱ̵ĻгȻ󽫻С͵ΰԱ˵үүⲻǹǰְ͸ҵС꣬Ѿȡаѩˡ
ΰϸĿ˿ֻѩףûһëֻС۾תôĻ鲢ϲ
ΰɵľǸСꡣ
СȻǶһ£Ǻܿΰߣ˼¡
龰ϾͲˡ
ô£Сһ˭ܹãôһ¾Ͳҧң
㷭˷۶˵Ʒɡ


171 ش
һֱΰû˵Ⱥֵ㣬Ȼû뵽㾹Ȼҵ˵ʿ
Ⱥֵ۹ܿע⣬̧ͷȺ֣Ȼ˾ͳ˲
ȵ֮ʵô£
ȺʻҲü˵ɽʱ򣬸ڴҵţͻȻˣֱӾײȺһײ˸š
˵ҵùü岮ȣ
ҲʣȺӵĿˡ
ɲϼǵùȥ˺üˣ岮Ҳȡ
Ǿû
ϼũ壬⽨ŻǷǳصģиС鶼Ҫһ
ôûУǴǸɵ̫
һǳѽб£Ӧܿʲôߡ
ô˵
ô˵Ǹ̫תһȦֱӻؼȥˣôҲϿڡ
һлϤ̫תһȦûǮҲ˵ֱӾͻؼҡ
⣬Ǹɹܲ˵ģԲŲǮ
Լңĳʲôˡ
Ϣ迴ҵһشһˣںôҲǸʿҵҪһô£
˵ʱѾʼðˣһزΪǻˣݺǼңһҪöԷԲ˶ߡ
Ⱥ˵ʿʵ磬ôʿˣ
ȻǼĶӣǴ岮һţǵкԼеֵܶһֱ
ûʲôǶ⣬һҲû죬ôǮȴǿ
Ⱥ֮ĵͷȷʵǴǸ̫ѾʮˣǮЩȥ򹤵СӶࡣ
»ص˲Ȼ˸һڲ˵㡣
ߵľƵ궩˷䡣
ϾŸף˾ͻؾƵϢȥˡ
ȵЩ˶֮ΰԱǸͷԴʵСѽ
ͷһ˵һߺĿ㣬Եʿְҵǳ档
Ҷӡ
ô͵ĵʿˣҪĻһ;˸ˡ
Աⴲͷһ˵ģһڴڽӴʮֿصġ
ҶǸӵʿܽġ
ǾͺãǾͺá
ͷһ˵һ۾͵ϴתҲ֪ʲô
ڶϣ滻㡣
ӣȺ˵Ҫشһˣ
ţܾЩͷȥһҪûҲͷˡ
ȥҲãѾöûлϼˡ
ĸô˵Ͼͺ
Щڹϰ࣬ǳķæټʱʵеĽڼնڼӰжȹ
ټϵʱ꣬ͲȥǵطѾûлȥˡ
㰲źĸ׺͸֮󣬳˲һ绰
Ⱥһ𣿡
һǲȥ㣿Ѿ֪Ҫϼҵ顣
ðɣһɡ
˵绰ҽԺһС̯ϣһЩ緹
극ʱ򣬾ͿĳѾͣˡ
ĨһֱӾ߹ȥ򿪺˽ȥ
ںŵķˣ̸һ΢Ц
ȻŻеСϲ˲䣬Ǹĸ
磬Ķҵģ̫̫ͨˣʱҲһֻһȥҶӡ
Ҳˣϵ£һֻ
˵֮󣬻СԴ
Сűϵ۾
Ⱥָ£ĳܿͽϼҵĴׯºӴ塣
ºӴУǼҲǴˡ
㸸һֵܹ߰˸⣬һЩԶףܹʮġ
ȵ˴ׯ֮ȾͿ
ȵţͿԺˤˤء
ôˣѵҲѽԼǳϤԿ˾Ц
ʱſ۵㡣
ǳһϾͻָǰһץ˳
ˣ㲻֪ûˡ
ôǣ˵ԱߵȺһۣ˼˵һ¡
Ⱥͷ˵˱Ǽ£˵ǼаҪǲµĻԺ۵
һ㶣ôﻹ飿
˵ûֱ˵ÿ춼ָָģǶЩ̧ͷˡ
ˣȻ˵ǴӣǸӵıأҳô£ʵҲˡ
û¶Ҳǵ˵ʿУתһȦڴһ£ǵС
һ⼸ɰĲУЩһû¸ɣͶǼҵſָָ㣬Ǹ˶ķҡ
أûмҲЩ֡
ƽʱԼĸ׹ϵãƽû»Ҫ绰һظˤȣڶûмӰ
֮̾һȻ˿Աߵ㣬ε˵㸸׶ȵϣͷˣڻûա
֮æ˵ʲôطȥ
˵ͷȻʹݣǵҡ
űǶء
㿴ɲǸðӣɫѾˢˡ
ɲĲѽҪȥҽԺɡ
岻ȥϼһʵû취ˡ
ҡҡͷֻǰȥڴ߶ڴϵ˵壬壬ѣ
Ľ۾һԼǰһʿͷǺ죬ϸһⲻԼִ
ˡ
ˣⲻ˵Ǽ¶ⲻǻ
꽨ŴӴȻԼĶͷɥ˵㸸ˣȥ̵ģ岻֡
˵ʲôأûȥȺһֱڴǰһ
꽨˵ͷȻ˵ԶԶԣԺʲôȺȥ죬°첻ˣڴҸ˻˵ǿԵġ
˼֮ڰѻתϡ
˵ô£ôʱ䣬ôôù
ˣ˭֪ײ·ɣ⼸ҵùһһ
ǲǼصķˮ⣿
ӦǲܣǼҵȻǷǳĳҲûвôʮҲûгӡ
ĬĬĵ˵ͷȻʮǳƽ˳飬Ӧó⼸¡


172 ̫ү
Ϊ֮󣬾һؼԵ⣺Ǵûˣ
Ⱥһ룬ǰºһˣ˵ҪɽǴ֧ˡ
һ룬Щò⡣
ߣȥǸ̫̫
Ⱥ֮ЩɣԼĸ׿һۡ
꽨ڰ˵ֲˣ˵Сʱ̫̫ء
ȺŴ߳˼š
ճѾС˹
Ÿʲôȥš
ʱҲ˳ŷ˵Ҹ˺öǿȥ
ƲƲ죬֪ʱǴ˺СģС첲ҲֲȣֻǸˡ
֮ȺţȻ˼ȦӶǵһϷǰ
㵽ֻ˻٣ǰݺмš
ȺָָǸ˵ЩǹµġÿһٵǧǮ
һ۾ʶ췢ˣſվ߰˸Ⱥ˵һ߰ǧ
ЦЦȻ˵Ǯƶ֮ӦǱӦںЩ¡
Ⱥҡҡͷ뷨УЩʿ֮࣬һΪ׬Ǯ
˵ôЩ˻
ȺĴ£ߵǰ
ſڵЩµ˼һˣҲŶֱӾҪţֱܹͬӾͰǵסˡ
ٺٺ٣û󵽣Ҫ뿴ںȥ
ȺæĻشǱģ̫̫˵¡
˵ǱģǱҵҲŶӡ
ǣʲôʣ
Ҳ˵ȺЩ˵ƿԡ
㿴ﵲҲǰ취ǰһߵǰߣһ˵ƶˡ
Щµģ㴩ĵۣҲҹڵĵһ㻹
λʩƶ̽õѣʩи㣬Ƚȥ
Щ˻࿴˿˼ó˵·
лʩ
֮ŴȺǽ˷䡣
һ䣬ȴ߰˸ˣһſˣһ۹Ͷ˹
һˣվ˼ſ˵СȺѽʲô£
Ⱥæ˵磬ӳˣ˽һһ￴µ顣
ԱһֻȺԱվһʮĵʿ
ȻѾ뿪ЩˣԼԼ绹ܿ˭
Сˣô˵ʿˣ
дˣ̫̫Ķƽ͸ĸһЩװŪ飬ǰ˷ǳĲ
㵱˵ʿҲ˽һЩЩ֮֮ġ
磬þòˡ
ˣɡ
쵽ԱߵһݣȻǵˮ
ڸ֮Ȳʵ磬Ǽµô£
һȻ˵¿ɲ򵥣ɿˣǺ̫ү˺ܴľţһԲ
һ룬Ȼ˵ܲҼһʺɣ
һ룬Ȼ˵Եһ£ҽȥ
˵֮ʾһ£Ȼͳȥˡ
˴ʮӵĹ½ݣȻ˵ɣһֻСһˣһȡ
վͷʾȴԼž͸ͳݡ
ԺмǸſڣͣ½Ų溰һܽ𣿡
ɡ洫һ˻Ƶ긾˵
ͷȻ˵ȥ֮Ҫ
ǰȻףлһЩٵľη޳ɵڵЩոЩеĺ֮ĶͲ
ֻĵ˵ͷ˷䡣
ﻹǱȽģм乩һ裬ߵķдź̫ү
ڷԱһͷ׷ϸˣֻڱ۾һ飬߶߶ġ
ߵ˷ԱߣǸϸ˵Сˡ
̫̫۾һۣȻֵͷ˵ҪʲôѾ֪ˣ̫үһûиָʾҪһˡ
ܲܰѺ̫үгҵͬ˵䡣
̫̫Ļ´һ£Ȼ¶һ˿΢Ц
Ȼ̫үҾͳȫɡ
˵̫֮дʣһͿʼ
һ̫̫ͻȻ̧ͷʱ۾Ѿɺ죬ͬʱһĮ۹⿴㡣
Сʿ˵Ҫҡ
ʮ̶ִͺָڻëһʮֵĲ
֪Ǻ̫үˣǰһͷ̫̫˵ǰһʱ̫үǼҿһ£֪Ľβ
һҵģ
Ǳҵġ
ԭҵģϿ߸ϿߣҵҲܡ
˵֮ȥˡ
һλҪ֪ǰôʧ
ۣĴɨ衣
ͻȻ账һӰﲻͣ䶯
һ֪¾ǸˡȻѾˣǾͱˡ
ʦͯӣʦͯɣձ˻ֱ꣬ǣĪĪǣ˱̫Ͼ뷣񽫼
ֻ꣬ǸӰһץ
ǱϵӰһһŤȻƴҪצǺΪһֻһҽУġ
һԵ̫̫龰ҲǾվ
λ̫̫Ѿ˼ʮˣûмı£Ȼһ˲ͽ̫ү꣬ץС
֮ϾͻһֻҺģ
һЦеĺں˵װŪ˵˵ô£
ǻҺ۶Ǿǲģû뵽һˮˣȴֱһҷʦסˡ
û취ʵʵ˵ɣĻСҲסˣΪ⼸ʱǳḻľ飬֪ЩҵķʦЩɽҰ˵ȻĿǡ
ЩҷʦסõĻҲܹȫõĻϾͻᱻΪˣϰУһ
ʦĪգʦĪգСϾ˵СϾ˵
һͨڳһֶֻſӺɵûʲô
λ̫̫ͼץһֱĺ̫ү
λ̫үҲûǰˣһСèһ
һｵһ±ˮ㶹̫үĵù


173 
ں̫үУ֪Ǽҵ׷ʲô¡
ԭ֪ʲôʱҵط⣬Ǳʩʲô䡣
һǣҵĺϵܲסر仯ǣһˡ
˵Ҳ½㸸һ˺ܶ࣬ȱ첲ȣٲزԴ
ǻŭ޴йɵϾͽһǸɵĻǱôһץɢļ
ҿԱߵ̫̫һֱأһĶæȥ顣
һֱǴΪǴİ˲£ɲҪһ֮
̫̫ĻһɣǺɺ̫үһ
ȻΪʲôҸԤ˵ҲЩҪĳְæǼҲüˡ
ɳСĲ֣ʵǲҳ֡
ʲô˵
ɳ֪Ǽҵز˸ˣһʩ󷨣ɷޱȣҿ˶оëֱ
ʲô˲֪
С֪ڼǰһˣҹ͵͵ĽǼأҷеһ˺һŵۣ˶ǳ𾴡
֪
ǷʦСʵǲҴķֻҪСԵ̽飬̾ͻᱻ֡
ѾЩŭˣֻһӴȵȻҪã
˵ףֻ֣ѾסһͬʱǲͣͷС͵硣
һ㶯ŭٿԱǲͣ׵磬̾ŵû£ûжȹ׽ٵС˵ֻҪǱ׵һ̾ͻɢ
ɳɳһ
΢΢¶һ˿ЦȻ˵ãҾ͸ᣬ˵ĺ˶ã˵Ĳããɢ
Ȼ֪ǸʦǸˣȴ̽鵽ĵϸ
۾һϢǷʦֻҪҪ
˵
Ϊ׵㽭һ󸻺ֽʲôƤ
ַǳİתͷ
֪㽭ĸнƤ𣿡
֮üϸ룬Ȼ˵ʲôӡ󣬵ʵ벻ˡ
վһԵȺȴ˵ˣǰһʱ￼죬ҪаɽṆ̀ͽƤ
Ƥô£ҺزʶôҼң
Ǹɡ
Ҳı²󣬵ռȴǳʡ
ɳƤֻĻǰĿܣڱָʹǸָʹ˵ǳѬҲ鲻
˵ͷԼõ㽭һˣͲԼ˵ͷԷ˵ʵ
ԷôӲĻֻ˺öԷʱͲ˻
ãˡ
˵֮һɣǸ̫үһһʧвӰ
ѾˣﶼҴˣֱӻȥˡ
תǸ̫̫˵ЩðˣԺʲô龡ȥңֻҪܰõģһƴǡ
˵֮󣬾ԱߵҪֽʣλ̫̫д۵ĵַ
̫̫ӹݹֽ϶˷ܵЦݡ
ղŵǿףмĺ̫үǰ㶼Ǽβͣɼж
ݹֽԺȥ˰£ҪǳʲôӣҲæǶһ
ǳ֮վԺһ룬ȻȺ˵ȲȥˣȥǱ߿һ
Ⱥڶ˵ǸӵĹˡ
ղȻ۷̥嵽׷ʲôȴ֪һֱڴ̫̫ĵı飬ŶƤ
ã磬ڴȥ
˵֮ǰߴ·˽֮ͳ˴ׯߵСɽȥ
ߵɽʱڵϵء
磬ˡ
վϸĹۿڷˮ鼸һϲͨ˰Ҳûκεķ֡
ԱȺҲܾ¶ӣֻؿȥ
һǴһΪϿգγɵƮҡȴġ
ϸۿ㷢ĸɫڲͣĵʧ
ɲһ˵оţҲѸ٣ӦһƮɢ˷Ǳ˳һ
üͷ˳ⱻߵˣϸĹ۲죬Щ䵽ԱߵһĹ֮С
ָԱߵǴĹȺԱô£ҼǵԭǼԱߣûĹѽ
ȺѾĻ֪ԱߵĿĲԣǸϽ˵Ĺǰģһϰĸˡ
ȻǴϰ壬ȻǮΪʲôĹذƧ
ҿɲ˵һƬǷˮء
һЦҪǷˮأͲˡ
ΪˮȻ˵Աʹ󷨣ԼķƻĸڣҪһӾ˼ҳǿ»ǲܡ
ҿõԼҵ˲ͣʧԱߵĹУʹ˻
ԭȵʱǼ΢ûгֹ߷ƣֱ͵ˣֲǼôù
ҺڵѾгɣҲе޵ܣ˻ڲͣķ壬üûһɥ
ȺˣԱߵǴĹȥ
ոտǳĹأ̴Աߴܳļ˵סǵȥ·
ʲôģ
㿴˿ԵȺ˼ȺѯǷʶ⼸ˡ
ȺԴ㣬Ȼ˵ЩǸĵƦΪ׵Ǹ⣬Ƕӡ
˵ͷȻЩ˵ʲôˣΪʲôǴķصУѵ͵ؾĹ
ٺٺ٣ʿǵһңǲ˼ҵĹأ㷴˵ˡ
Ϊ׵ĵͣһ£Ȼֺ˵Ҹ㣬˹Ƹ￴ĹģʶĸϿߣĻ㳢ӵȭͷ
Ⱥ⻰ˣҪ֪Ǻ㲻һ
ǰǸҷϣҸ˺Ⱥȴ
СʱȺǴһȺͬĺǣȵˣȻһЩȻǴһͷͷ
ֻȺľͱ˳ȥˣѸ첲ߣߣָŶԷԴ˵ӣʶ㣬سҲЩ㿴ʲôطºӴ壬ŲһȺ߲ؽ硣


174 ҹϮ
ǵسåͷͷȺܵˣͲȺ
ӴǣӲѽԿб򡣡⵶˵žͰԼԴȺؿϡ
ȺٰԵҲһͨũ񣬻ûмåܵ飬治֡
һͱԴ˼εĲҶ֡
ǵӼӵˡ
Ӻ˵ؽѾ˰ˣǸϽӽԺҪҿҴܣһδһΡ
һ¿ɰȺˣӵϼһשͷϳ塣
Ͼͱסˡ
ʲôϿſңЩһ֪֪үҲǳصġ
æĶ˵úǰھ
˵ʱֶһ£бۿ˿㣬ָ˿ڣھԷһȺˣôù
ȺҲǲȰģ֮ƲһۣεĽשͷӵˡ
Ϊɶ֪ǸʵģûܣҪҪԸһȺ˻չ㣬ǻǱ˴Ҳűˡ
ҲƲԼεӣԼǰǵӡ̫ˡ
ڵǽȣôҲڵˣټҲβɱڶԸ⼸С죬ǻֵ
ڻʱϢ˵ĺãȵٸЩһЩơ
ε뿪ˡ
Ӵ߰˸վֺĹЦĿֵǱ뿪
ȵ֮ЩߣرȺѾŽŽˡ
һﻰⶼǸ׸ղҪϺȣԼͺǻ˴һˡ
ڽűӵͷһ仰Ҳ˵˵ʲôѵĺȺ˵Ѿ޳ڵˣղҪһ˾Ͱôһȫʰˣ
ҪǸ˵仰Ⱥ͸Ұ͵ҽԺ
Ͼʲôˣ޳ڵأôȥ
ֻбۼȻȴͣƮʲô⡣
ϽȰ˼䣬ȺȰˡ
֮Ա£Ȼ˵ʲô³̣˵˵
ʲô³̣ǻǿȥʰЩ𣿡˵仰ʱʼ
˰ɣһӾ֪й⣬Ͻ˵˵
վܶûˣŹؽ»صУԱߡ
֪֪ʲô·㲻ߣͶ
⻰ʲô˼Ҵա
ǺǣҲǴʲôطǻĽҰڷضϣʹСǴӽԺҲ̤ºӴ塣
⻰ȤȻǾ۴򽻵ûм֮顣
йѽȻôʣȴʮֵ˷ܡ
֪ˡ˵ʱ۹Ѿ͸ⷿ˺ɽķصϡ
ϵʱ׼˷ˣ˳˷Ȼź塣
֮һͷϢ
֪Ҫ÷һ϶ǳ˷ܣ˷֮ͲͣѯʲôʱʼһСʱ˶ʮ顣
㱻ֵûа취ֻǰж
ոչͷԵĳ˷䣬ţͼڰĽһˣŵһ
ҪлϾͱһֻס͡
ˣҡ
һ̾סˣԭⲻˣȺ
˵һ˴ϵģʲô
ǵ𣿡
ʲôǣȥߣû¶Ͽȥ˯ɡԲԵķš
ǺǺǣƭˣʱҶ֪ˡ
࿴һۣȻʵ֪ʲôˣ
˵𣿡
̾һ֪ˣǾһ߰ɡ
ȺŵĵͷȻ߳СԺӡ
ߵڵʱȺȴͣȻ㣬ҪҪЩȥ
˸ʲôЩֵʡ
ɵѽǾȥ͵ϮҲˣԷ߰˸أǻЩԷһȺУֻǰˡ
˻ֿһۣЩɥԼղűȺһˣˣһͲ̸֪ʲôֻղһթ¶˵ˡ
ѾˣҲû취ٷˣֻεʹ˸ɫ
ֻǰȺȻ˵˵Щϻˣǲȥ͵Ϯ
ȥʲôҪҵطְɡ
һۣȻ˵߾֪ˣЩϻˡ
ǰͷˮȺںߣһ·˺ɽ
ȵ쵽ӽĹصʱͲˣڲݴſš
Ⱥʱʵǽøʲô
֪ǰ۹⿴㡣
㡰ߺߡһЦȻڻȡһֽ֮ȺƤӵҡһҡ
ֽͻȻðһ̣žмźں֮С
мѪĹص֮УԵô졣
Ⱥһ֣̾͸оһһı䣬Ͼúë׶Ѿը
ʱıܷӦ
ٻǴֽеģʱռġ
ڳִռ֮͸о
ûĸԤ֮ھͻɢ
һҪ֪ЩɲЩոȥ꣬ǶǾǧĶ
ʱһﶼܹΣһ
ĶִᾹȻֻܴ죬һ̫䡣
ɴ˿ɼִѾ޷Ĵˡ
ûЩ˵ˣֻǽǳһ£һͻջֽ֮УǰΣ档
ʱȺˣƮĺѾЩˣɵŲŲֻҪԱߣǲܸо˼İȫ
ʱ򿪿ʵ֣˵ǹ𣿡
û˵ֻĵ˵ͷȻǿƮŵʾһ£Ȼصصķһָ
Ͼ˼Ȼͻźڣһʧˡ
㵹˵ѽǲǹ
Ǻǣ㶼˻Ҹʲô
Ⱥ˶һۣ˵۵׶׳˺Ȼ۹⡣
ʱͻȻ
ԭԱߵǸصصʱϲͣʧھȻʼֹͣʧһ˿˿ڷǵĹ塣
ô£ѵǸطǷˮأ


175 
Ȼ𾪣ǱȴûзӦֻǼָʹʼ
˵ļ˯ء
Ȼ˵Ա߾ǷصأǶЩ˵ֻҪǮ׬Щ޽ɡ
ǻ˵ˣֹǮķҲܹ֡
Ҫ˵߰˸ˣõȻǸˡ
ӵһ˯ء
˯еĵӣͻȻоԼڱѩϵıӣԼø
ĶһϢͣꡣ
£ʵ˯ȥˣֻһ¡
һ̾ŵƨ
ԭԱߣһõĹŴ·ðźĶ
ӾɵûѧʣҲ֪ⶫ϶ˡ
˵Ļôð⣬ڰƮš
˵ӡѽһҽУֱӾĳ
һл̰ҲˣЩȻ˵ﲻеӦϴֻһ̾ù
ЩµСආԴ˼·һӦ߳񣬽һǵϴӣһ²ء
һϴ󻹹ӣæקһ·ȥҪϴ¡
ûпӾͷһҵĽȻ˫ץļʵǴΣſ˼¶ûȥֻҵﺿС
ϴǡԱһģϽڰο
ϤŸתͷһվŵĶԼСܣŷһɵĿ޺ȻһѾͰǰСܱסҲˡ
ӵ⶯ļСһ˿ȻǼ˵ĽŲˣǶʲôණһ
ǱӱסСᣬ˫ֲͣƵӣǵʵڱ̫ˣεжͽ޹
һ⵶ƽŷԼıһСܣϾ;һһӦæСƿ
СҲһɣȻæԾȥԶԶ˼
ʱС֮һʵϴôˣ᷸˰ɣ
ӿСϾˣ˵ʲôأˡ
˵ʱ򣬵ӻܿ˿
СܿϴĪĵӣҲЩˡⶼʲôˣѽģ˵ˣҲʲôطⲻǸԼҲʹ
ϴҿ˯Ϳˡ
ǰһƣСӺ˵ʲôӸղſ
˵أǸղűĽСܣͻȻ˵һ䣬ôһˣ
س֮УǸղŵôһأôһڳе˶ŵһ¡
رǵӣ񾪹֮һ˼ȻϸĴ⼸¡
ֵǣһȷʵ¶һôҲûֵǶһ
оһëֱðһⲻľӿϡ
ļСҲʼĻ̻̣۹Ĵɨţڳϸ
ЩСҲоһëȻΪҲȷʵһˣǶһҲ塣
ʱһСͻȻѽĽһԭԼĽűץסˣͷһֻһֻ԰׵֣ץĽء
СҲûбĶˣһͻ赹ڵء
Ҳ˲þˣһ˲ͿʼĴܡ
ǵѾŵˣں߲ͣĽСôһߡ
ǵڣ˭˵һ˲Щ˾ͲӰ
ڵĵѾ߲·ˣֻһһǰ
ڵķصֻµӣһǰţҪط
˼֮ȴǰһ˫ȡ
ʱϴϲΪֵµˡ
һѾץס˫Ҳˣ溦Сٶߡ
ץסⷽȵʱȴоˣΪ˫ȱ̹ǣͲ˵ȣʮֵݣͺֻ֮йͷһ
ӷֲͷ֮󣬱̧ͷСϿȥ
ĸͲˣһͷ
ͷðŲɫĹâ¶˲βݣЦء
Ҳܲ˴ˣһֱӾҸĻ˹ȥ
˵ļСһѷܳ˷صأ˲ͣǰܣΪȫʱǰַһǵķĹҿʮ졣
ǵǰʱŵһƨɾĸ
ԭ»صǿصǸĹء
ʱĹǰС㳡ϣǵϴѾﲻ֪ˡ
Щ˻࿴˿Ȼж˶Էľ
ʱͻȻ֮һХ
ֱӾͰһ˸̱ڵϡļҲĻ̻̣ĴĴ
ʱͻȻڴӷĹ߳Ӱ·ƮƮžṳ̂סʵأкĲ֪Хʲô
ʣµѾûˣֻǾĿӰͣĽӽ
žĿǲŷĺӰͲˣߴ·á
Ⱥ˵ǰ֣
žһֻ֣һС࣬ץ˹ȥ
ֻôһС죬һ˵ϡ
ļһûˣСһǱɱˡ
ͬ鱻ɱˣȴûߣǸûа취˵ˡ
һͬ鱻ץס£ôվŵļһ¡
ʱһ̱ڵصС죬֪ͻȻӵϴȻ԰˶ܹھٶֱӾʹɽȥ
ٶʵ̫ˣһĹѾܳȥʮ׵ľ롣
׷ȥͻȻܵʲôָʾһͣµĽŲȻ󻯳źɽ¶ȥ
ź̺ܿǲĵطȻһ˲ûеֽС
ԶۿȺ˷ܲѣղһеǶ
رǵȺ˱ڵʱǶ˷ܲѣͲҲȥˡ
㿴ԶȥС죬¶һ˿Ц
磬ô죿ǲǰѵȫ
Ǹʲô˯Űɣܻǵġ
⻰Щʵѵû
⻰ίһ
ҿطôܹɱˣǱס
磬ҿۿͳǵࡣ
ǺǣһС۷İסˣ⼸˶ǱŻġ
˵ֲ֮һ䣺֮󣬾᲻ҾͲ֪ˡ
Ⱥ˻࿴˿һ£ء


176 
ǸСɽ֮һ̾ܳʮôʱûоֻۣһ˼ǾǸϿ뿪طһȫĵطȥ
ºӴ֮Сһ£ȫĵط¾ɳˣǹҲҵɳң˸ֱɳȥˡ
پڶ統ɳѾʮˣĴС飬ָơ
챾·СֵģСŮͻȻˣΪµҸţ̾ͦСҹࡣ
ΰǲϵʱûʲô飬ֵء
ͻȻ֮䣬һˡ
һ̾ʹһ飬Ϊļ٣ӦǷʲôˡ
ſڣֵҵţû˵أ߾ʹһˡ
һͺ׵һֱӱסͲˡ
ʲôˣǸϹˡһôͲµһʲôˡ
ˣ㲻ܴ̼Խ̼ԽҪİ
ҲţֱƽϢһЩŰԱߵһλϣȻһˮ
ͬ־ʲô¶ˣһ䡣
˻ӣּæĲ䣬£ɳ˺ġ
Ǹ˲̧ͷ˿־ɥĵȥ
ͬ־Ҫǲһܵ˺ġ
İοǺһЩ̧ͷõ۶Ѫ˿۾˵ˣˣǶùɱˣùˡ
⻰оһΪʲôԼأ񾭲ˡ
־˸Ӳܴ̼һ̼˲ʲô¶ܸɵóӦȶȻֱӸҽԺ绰
Ļһ˰Աߣ˵£ҵȶһԼȱˮʲôһ˵
СһûǰƽϢӼˡ
ǲǲңһͲңҸѾ˺üˣǸϿȥɣʬ嶼ˡ
úúã˵˵׳ʲô¶
Ǹ˵Ѫ۾˵ºӴɽĹֹˣ߰˸Ĺ˶ùˣֻܳһ
˵ʱ˾һİ
üҲ֪ò˵ҹ߰˸˵ĹʲôĹ
ǽǸֱӾץס֣Ȼ˵ûƭ㡣ǱϰӶȥǶҿصġ
ϰ֣üͷһ£ĸϰ壿
ϰ塣
˼άȻ˵ĵ֣Ρ
ԶؿǴԭȵʱҲǻڵģа˽ĵ
Ҫ˵ȷʵо̵ͷԣ깦ѾҼǧҲһ
ȻǣģôͲܲʵ˽ˡ
ϰĵ绰Ҵ绰˽һ£Ҫ˵Ҿͺһˡ
ǸŵȥĿĹصеһҲ󱬷ǱܣŴĹ˳
ֻǸŵϴ󣬸֪ϰĵ绰
֮һ£Ȼֻͨһ绰
ιӳǶ
Сѽҹʲô¶
﷢һЩͻҪ˽Ӵ˶֪֪࣬ĵ绰
ĵ绰ҵУʲô¶ɣ绰ЩɣҪ֪ǰȻǻڵģѾаôѭ浸أû˵ͺڵʲôմȾ
һС£һ˵ǸҿĹصļ˳¶ˣҲ˽һ
ԭһҰѵ绰ֻϡ
˵绰֮󣬺ܿһţֻϣŶϵĺ룬һ˹ȥ
һȵʱЩ˺һ绰һ߲Ŵ˴ֱ
˭ѽҹģ²˵
ȻԷãûϾҹű˵˯ߣЩҲܹ⡣
ϰ壬Ƕɳ٣һЩҪ˽һ¡
һ˵ɳϾͻ
ԭղЩʧˣ֡
ûʲôҰҹţõǸӦҡ
ֱ˵ֻҪ֪һϡ˵ʱ򣬵绰ǱߵЩģѵҪʼ׷Щ顣
ϰ壬˵˼ȥҿأû£
һԭ£һ
ǵǵģǰһʱҲǸҸǨķⲻǺµˣΪصЩ˼ʱǿģʡõʱ¡
ɵˣǲسһеӵˣ
ǣҸʮѵˣЩڣ֪һЩʵˣЩȥ˵ص˷ͻˡ
ղһ˵ǳˣ˽һ
ѵص˴ˣ
ʲô˼ǰǺ͵˷ͻ𣿡
˵ЦĻΪǨصʹȷʵֹһЩìܣⶼС£ѵ˻ĸ˽԰˸ˣ
һ岻˽⣬Ȼϰ˹ȥĹأͳˣȥô¡
˵֮͹˵绰ȻΡΡС˵¼ڹһ˵ȸȥһϰҵĹأ
ǸС˵Ҫ»صǸطѾȶֱɳůܵľͲ֡
ȥˣʵǲһǹطȥˡ
һüϾ⡣
ðɣȻ㲻ȥҲǿҺ˵֮ɳʣһˡ
ǸСһ˵ɳûˣһڵҹɫͺʱһҪһ
һ룬ﵣ£һȥأôҲɳӦɷסЩ֣ӦøȫЩ
˵ˣҴȥС̴֮Ȼ˵
һ͵Ц֪ЩС͵ŻĻЩûһʵġ
һȥ
ţС˾壬ХºӴ弲ۡ
ȵºӴɽµʱٴԥΪ֪һʱӦþЩˡ
ʲôأѵǹܳ㣿
ںһ£ǸС׳ˡ


177 Ѷ
Сգգ۾Ȼҧɽȥ
ʵСҲԸģΪһƬڰҲʱشһЩĽûףûǸȽϿס
һǳһŵߵļĹء
ȵֵͲһգֻϺ˵źüˡ
鳤Щˣѵ˵ǸС˵ǣ
Ļһô˵Ҫˡ
ΪҪֳԵʣҲȥ鿴ֱӸؾ̾Ӵ˵绰
̾һһ˵ˣ̾ը˹
̾Щһ׼һ߸ؾֵĸ쵼绰ûһĹعֶж߰һֱºӴĺɽ
ֵжģ̫ӴˣǽºӴʱ¹شѾ䶯ˡ
Щϰƽڼû¸ɣҪ˵Щлأڹô˴ȻҪ֡
ҲȺжŹֵָָ㡣
˵ɽϵ˲Σհɣ
ܣЩ˶Щţӳ⣬Σա
ôôˣ
֪
عֵľֳںһȺ½˺ɽӭ濴ŵ
ټֳˣæȥ񣬻㱨
棬ɳ٣
ֳôûƻɣ
ûУ֮̾ͷ˸κ˿
ںֳ˵ͷȻԸ̾ӳ˵˸Ͻȥֳ
Ӧһ̴³ȥ
ǵֳ֮󣬹ȻϺ˵߸ˡ
ɫǳĲÿ¿ˣôô潻
黹Ҫģһֵ֣µЩ̾ԱǺͷҽһӵϣʼ˾ְ
һҽոһߡʬ塱Աߣ鿴ʬ塱û˿ڵʱǡʬ塱ͻȻ۾
ҽǶʬͻȻͲˣΪȻˣϻһЩ磬Գ鶯ּ
ⷨѻΪ󣬽ոհ쵽Էͷϣ벦ŪԴأǸˡۡһ˳
ڵҹһߡʬ塱ͻȻ˽Σڴһ붼úëֱ
ȻЩ춼սҲҲ֪¡
ʬһУͰЩ̾ŵƨǶﶫֱӾȥ
Χ۲ӳһҽžͼԼ£һѷ˹
ӳ˿ԼľֳüͷأҲˣЩһô£ǵӣԼھֳǰ
ӳ־ͰǰǸקô£ʲô
Ǹ˼Ƕӳæ˵ӳйǸʬ徹Ȼлˡ
˵˵ʲôй
ӳ˵ֱ֮ӾͰѼȫ˻ȻԴǰ
ȵǶӳʱ򣬷ֵŵġʬ塱ʼˣѾˡ
ӳͷƤֱըѵˣ
黹ûȫ϶ӳ׳ŵӺģܲ˵ǵʲô
˵֮ӳеֵ磬Ǳ߻һΡ
漸ڵϵһ£žӳǱ߿ȥ
ȻЩһ󺿽У߳˹
ȻҲϰµģǿǰߵӳȻ۾ǰߣҲκε
˾Щ˺ܿͽӽ˾һߡ
Ϊ׵ǸӰӳǰ׵һֱӾͱӳĸ첲ޡ
ӳֵһ˵ףӴʶⲻĻͷӺԼͬյ
ڵλͷӸûǰˣӳĸ첲ǽҡ
ӳһ˲ĽӴѾ廹ȵģ֪ǹļ˵ˣˣô£Ǽôҹڷص
ôʣǸӶûа취һʱƽȥ
ʱµںֳҲˣ߰˸һţͲǺ˵׳ǾǶء
ô£
ӳֳʻϽ档
ͷˣЩû£ǻȥˣѹˡ
ھֳ֮󣬺ݺݵĵԱ߸ŵĶɳһۡ
ϾôĶ㳲ֳȻһᡣ
ȥô£˵֮ھֳͺһ뿪ˡ
˶Աڶ㿴ңҿ㣬֪ôˡ
ӳкһżɽ³ȥ
ӳ·ʱ˵ϻƣôô
ֳҲЦһԼղȷʵЩˣһ仰Ϊ˴𰸣ΪҪá
ӳŵӵ߰˸˾Ȼһ·ͻصؾ֡
ص֮ӳ̾ͱе˾ֳ칫ңӭľһ
֪֪ղ߹ٸҴ绰ˣ֪֪ʱڵ绰ΣҪǰиط죬Ͼȥˡ
˵ͷﰤѵȴκεķ˭һȷʵ¶
ر٣ҲϹˣô˵꣬רҵ֪ʶĶȥˣ
ھֳһͣһЩȻڰ칫˿ڲ裬ɤӡ
һҪˮʯȫһ⣬ȥ졣
ǣֳҲ˯ˣһˮʯ
ھֳ̾˿ڰ֣ϳȥˡ
˳˾ֳ칫ңǱһӵĻ𣬵ѶҵʱЩǣһͷԵġ
˵˵ɣô¶
ӳ칫֮Ҷ̵ĵ˵
̧ͷһӳſڣǰһ˵˳
˵֮ӳϾͻˡ
˵˴ˣҲܹţ˵㱻Żȥˣôдϡ
ӣʵ֪֪ʲôҸ˵ھֳԽˣҪǲ˵ȴľͲǹؼ¶ˡ
ԩѽӳ˵Ķ滰Ҫһٻ׺䡣
Ͳĺһӣˣʱȥһ룬ٸ˵
˵֮һ֣оһ콫Ӹ˳ȥ
ͿʼļˣЩ˿ڹȫһڷصŻȥˡ
ʵûȥˣҪȥ᲻ɣ
һֱԱߵʱ򿪿˵ˡ
˵ڷص˯᲻ȵľţ˼Ļþ


178 ˮ
þ
ӳһ£Ȼ˵⵹пܣһֱڷصѹ󣬲˼þҲ˵ùȥ
ȲһΧûб˵ȥ
ӳ˵֮󣬾Ϳʼֵµ˰ѵһһ£ҪѯʱڷصصԼûеʲôˡ
ܿ죬Ͼ͵ӳİ칫ϡ
ӳһһĿһ飬Щڹǳһ¡
ǣһرǳķҲûиʲô飬һֱʵʵڷصǶš
Ҫ˵ˣڰʱʹȺֵйͻ
ӳһ£һֱԱû뿪ʵºӴȺϲʶ
֪˱Ƚ㶣ºӴҲһ֧ߣһϵĻû˸۸ô⣿
ʱ͵һͻû˵᲻Ϲȥ
һ£˵⵹пܣ˵Ϊͻ˿ȥĻôһо˵ͨˡ
Щô˵ǿ˹
ʲôЩڷôʱ䣬ѵͲ£һſҲпܵġ
ãǽȺ¹򡣡
˵֮󣬾ļ˰칫ңֳ칫Ҷȥ
˰칫ңĽںֳ˻㱨
ھֳùĲϿһ飬ȻֱӾϡ
ƾЩȥץˣҲ̾ˣûһ㷨ʶ
ӣε˵ֳҵǷǳϺ߼ģֻҪǰץһʣһܹ˳ʲô
ھֳһӣ֣飬һûɱˣûܵ˺˵ʵǸɵģҲֻǾǼ죬ο㻹ȫû֤ݡ
Ǿֳ㿴ô죿
ھֳһ룬Щ۵̫Ѩ˵ʱȹŰɣ֤˵ɡ
ͷһ뿪˾ֳİ칫ҡ
ȵ뿪֮󣬶ֳ̾˿˵绰
ܶ³ѹȥˣϣΪ֮
ھֳģҴӦһ쵽ǧͶʣʮ֮أʱֻһ֧Բҵ˰վֻһʡ
ϣɡھֳ˵仰֮͹˵绰
еʮֵΣһƫԶķصأȻǣǧͶʣоһŨŨıζ
˵ʱسڵģ˵绰֮ɳϳһ֧̣ݺݵĽ̵˵£ȻýŲ˲ȡ
֮˵绰ͨһңԶĺ롣
ιһλ
ܣԶصġ
Ŷԭѽôʲô¶𣿡
صǳ⡣
ʲô¶绰һߵԵĽ
ղҰڷصǱ߿ص˳ˣˡ
绰Ǳ߳Ĭ˺óһʱ䣬˵֪ˣҵ绰ɡ
˵֮Ǳߵ˾ҵ绰ĸϽ˵һȣ
ô㻹б¶𣿡
Ϊ˰ƽ£ѾӦǧͶʣ֪ܲܶ֡
û⣬ϾϹȥ
˵֮˾͹˵绰
һڷصص飬ʵҲӦ
ϾΪǿأϵĹǨȥˣǳˡ
ϣ۵Ƥءܹףٳʲô۶ˡ
Źٷ͵طȨʿѹƣ飬ܿƽȥºӴĴҲˡ
Ǳܰˣȴˡ
ڼ֮ȺˣһԱߡ
ʱܺĹѾû˿ˣܹ㰲˴ŵϸһˡ
վĹĲԶСϣۣؾͿʼϸɨ衣
֮УֻĹһǰһˮŷĹǰޡ
һˮ޾γĹŵľ
ͬʱڲͣϵˡ
صǱߵġ
Ĺص»һЩǵɢӦۡ
ȫȷԱߵĹӦþǶԷʦֶΣҪԼҵвͣĳȡϸˣԼ忪ʼ˥ܣǣ
һ˱ȡˣûж೤ʱͻ˥ܣ
Ҳһ˺ԴﻹܲһЩˣڲĲ
ǼҲ˺ˣһ岮ҲȵĻġ
ݺݵĵŶ󣬼ȻҲֲ飬Ҳͱˡ
˵֮Լҵȥ
ԼԱߵʱȺȥש
ȺȻ֪ҪʲôԴһε֮ƴӣ˺ܿƨƨߵܳȥˡ
ûһͱש˹
㿴שѾԶˣǱʵשǴĶģ
ڲԶһɽש
ӹשϸĴǿʲôߣ㲻֪ôģܸоש⡣
Ѿ޳ˣԷǳУѾԸоשǸƲ硣
ȻоשͷȻͲשõԼҵˡ
שȻѾˣҲܾôţ۾һת⡣
ש֮ϸһ֡
Ȼש͵ԱļҵĹأ˸طͰש˵档
ԱߵźʵǸʲô
ûʲôȸһѵ
˵֮󣬾ͻصԼһߣȻڷصԱߵɽʯ
óһСʯϸһ֡
֮ҧԼָԼѪҺͿ졣
֮һʯȺ֮һʯԼҵؾ
һߣһ۹ۿԼĹҵ
һҵһ˵Ľڵ㣬Ȼ±һӣԼеʯȥ
֮ǰߣӦλһӣȻȺϵʯҲȥ
ȵ֮˵˲ԶһɽϣһιۿԼصˡ
ֻԭήѾȫµ
ܵĵѾʼԼһ߾ۼȻۼٶȲ죬ǻٳɶ֮࣬Ǽһ͵ˡ
ģԱļҵˡ
ȥļٹһʱ䣬˥ǼҵӦþͻ⡣
˵һڵĹ̵ĻôոǼĹשʯȴӵ
ʩչƾڷˮҲֻҪǸ˼ⷨô˼ұضȳϹӣȻ


179 ˷
㿴Լ֮ɨԱߵķĹ
ֻשĹ֮УԭȵľѾήҲ
ǱԼŵƣܹԼҵˣһԼаƾһһȫ𻵡һҵ˿˵ܿͻ˥ȥ
֮תȺȥˡ
ǻȥˣǷصϵŸոյĿʼ
㰲ŵ󣬲ͣˣԱܼĹеķˮ˲ͣ˥ܣس֮УܼҺܿͳˡ
Ҫ˵ҲǸģʱŴƴƴһЩȻƾ˼˾ڼ¢سǵɳʯ⡣
ڹ֮ѧǸаȫ˺ڵϵ飬רڰ׵ϴƴЩңڡ
һ˵Ƿǳ˳ˣʮ֮˾ţҲһͷ۵飬ǾĶܱ롣
ֱܱʱķ棬ڴ߰˸СܣÿسǴܺ졣
˵ȥҪǮĻҲܹ⣬ȥ첢ΪǮֻΪ硣
ܱÿСڸкֱײЩеϴ֪ĵĶӣ֣ͶΪж˲
ôһӸ˺ܶ鷳ҪЩϵ´㣬ܱͽȥηˡ
ⲻǣܱĸСܿųسǺֱײҲֱͣǺХ
ܱǾƽʱĳһ·룬ıߵĳǷ׷ױá
ǽҲ֪ôˣһêˣͣ·޷ƶ
ܱ뿪ĳǷɿ죬ȵִʱɲѾˣֱӾײȥˡ
ҿĳôٶײϴȻûн壬ʱס
ǺҲ͵ˣȻûн壬ǵ粣ȴ˼ٿ飬ֱӾͲܱ֮С
ټϳӵĳܱ뵱ʱͻȥˣʱѾҽԺȻʶˣǰȴһƬڡ
ڵõӳϢ̸֮ϵҽԺ
˵ʱܱѾժˡ
ͬҽ˽֪֮鲣òУӵ۾ժ򣬿»۵񾭣Σա
Ȼʲô취Ҫֶֻܹӣʵ̫ˣǼҲȱǮȻˣܹʳ
ĺҽ˼䣬֮̾˿ص˶ӵĲʱĶܱո
һԴڶæʵôﲻ
ܱ֪ǸףûʲôͷЩۡˣΪʲôƣ
ʱֻһӿͷ֪ôԼĶ˵
ܱôˣҲɵӣ仰֪֮ܿˣ۾һźɴ
һ»ʲô֪ģһԼϹˡ
ܱͺȻͣ
վԱߣҲ֪˵ʲôֻŶӷйһ¡
ܱ뷢йһᣬͻȻֹͣ˿ȻҧʵײҵǸ˾أ
һסˣʲôײĴ˾ײ˼Ҵϵ
ҰǸ˾ҵҪ֫һɲзϡ
ӵĻֱ飬ΪʲôطƬ˵Щһ޷
ôôҲðο䡣
ģһ㱨ģҪǰĵ飬ţϰҸ㴦Ρ
ϵһҪұѽҲģһСôͳϹӡ
ҡҡͷ̾˿뿪ˡ
ù黹ֹһ׮ȵĸոջؼңһνӵҽԺĵ绰
ι𣿡
ġ
ðˣһҪҪ֪ͨһ¡
һƬΪҽԺڸ绰һû¡
ι𣿡
˵ɡ
ղڼз֣Ķӿµˡȱۺ֢
ʱһͷˮû˵ֲ
һʲô᲻Σգ
绰Ǳ߳һ£Ȼ˵ֲһƽа̲
ʲô˵ˣĵιȥˡ
ȵٴѹʱ򣬾һľ
һӿ˵˳˳ˮȴ³
ӦǲȢˣҲ˵ܼҵһͶӾˡ
뵽ʱĲɵݺᡣ
ĺôҲ̳ϴôģڷйһ֮ܿƽ
ɳһ룬Լʵ̫ùˣһһûһǺ¡
һжǴӸǨ˷֮ģѵΪصس⣬ԲŸԼùˡ
뵽ʱҲ̲סˣ̾͸ǱߵƤء˵绰
绰һͨľȲʵǼǨĹǲʲô⣿
ֳʲô¶𣿡ǱߵΪǷصֹ顣
ҶӳѾϹˣϾͱҽ˰̲Ҿϵ̫ɣǲǷˮ⣿
ⲻܣڴʦǵˮʦǼҰŵһ˫͸󣬿ձ˼ҵΪã۸
ڵĽȴ
Ǳߵͣһ£Ȼ˵ȵһʱ䣬Ҹһڴʦʱٸ𸴡
Ǳ˵֮Ͼ͹˵绰
Ĳѵ绰ӵ¡
Ķŵ绰ʱͻȻ֮鲻ܲ˵Ĵ˽
һ̾ˣȥٽ
һ³ճæ˳˷䣬Ȼš
ɡ
ĵĻŸŽ
ʲô𣿡
³˰ָղͻȻ˾ǲϵȫˡ
һϾվô£ֳк𣿡
Ѿϵֳˣֳ˵Ժ󲻹ˣԺҪϵ
⻹ʲôףӦֳ鲻ԣҪ̲ӡ
ֱҧܿƽȻλֳ绰
֣ôѽ˵Ǿֵˡ
Ŷ˵ѽͳһŶԴҵȵ顣
ֳЩ԰ɣ˵ҵѾˣɲƽ顣
ôҾͲˡ
ֳǴô꽻ˣֵһӣ˵仰
ϸҲ㣬ʵΪ²ϸҹܣҪҲʶǾֵĴֳԺϵһ°ɡ
˵֮λֱֳӾ͹˵绰ǲ̸ȥˡ
Ҳ̲סˣֱӾͰѵ绰ˤڵϣϵھûһ˳ĵġ


180 㽭
˵ص˼УԽԽԣһߵȻˣǿȴȻڡ
ôˣôԷסһδӰϮԼһݵĽ顣
ĵмһسǵģѾûʲôвˣܿͻʳ
ôʣµһǸƤءˣһֱۣЩ޳Ī
һ£ȥһˣԼ˹򣬰ˣȻĻԼһǼ£ԷֻʲôֶΡ
֮̾͸شһ绰
³мҪæ
ʲôлֱ˵
ȥһ㽭ܲܰҰһ
ʲôʱߣ
һԼʱ䣬ʮֱ󣬡ԽԽãһܹУǾͷǳˡ
ãһᾡá
ڶ죬ǣȻŷĳҽԺȥˡ
صҽԺŷ˲ڴͷƻֱЦ
ѾܾûܹĸĶԴˡ
һүү̣һӾ˹ȥ
һŮˣҲϰˣֱӾͰƻӵԱߵڻǿס
ߵǰĸ˵Ҫȥһ㽭ܲܺһҽԺţ
üͷôУҽԺԲ˯ãҵûʲôɲС
һԵæ˵ʱ壬ҪǴŷÿͷͿˡ
мĿһۣԼǶ黹ÿ
֮ЩԥȻǸúӣǼҹϵҲҲûе˸ΰ㴲ĵز
ԥæļȰ˵ǿͬİš
Ϊֲһû㸸׵ΣҹĶڲ֮Уֱصĵ绰
ӵ绰˽⵽Ѿȥ㽭ȫΪ˱֤㲻ȥز죬רŴӹ˾һλϤ㽭ͬˣʱͶڵڶ硣
ʱ仹ǱȽϽģϾͰѼ齻һ£ȻѸװиԼų⳵TС
ոյtУһνӵصĵ绰λãȻɳӵ˻һоס
ڵڶϣؾʹżǰݷ㡣
ˣտʼӡ󲻴ӡ󼱾½Լ黹Ҫ˵ֻǺίߡ
˼֮ǻĿ˼䣬Ȼ̾һˡ
һʮҵˣʮֵĸ
صĽܣ֪˽ԣһѵĶӣ㽭һʱ䣬صڣڸش֡
㱣֤㽭ʲô飬԰ȥ졣
ȻǶһٵĸлرʾǼһʲô顣
صõĳŵǳ⣬Ȼʹ뿪ˡ
㣬֮˾ʰңɻֱ㽭
һ·޻㽭֮һұס£һ·ȷʵǷǳۣڱϢһҹ
ڵڶϳ緹ʱԲѯҪʲô顣
㿴ڲһۣȻ˵ȥҲһ㽭ƤءʲôģǾ͸ˡ
֮һ£Ȼ˵ⲻҪˣƤء㽭ǳĴ㽭ѧϰʱ򣬶Դжš
֮¶˸Ȥɫ׼ϸԣĻ
ƤءҷǳдɫʣֻһͷϵĻ죬֪õһͶʣʼ뷿زҵǼ㽭ķزʮֵĺûмĹͳ򸻺
ڻڷزл𣿡
˵Ҳð˺⣬ڻǷز˾ôԼ˵͸ˣֻҪԼʩСƣķһǧɡ
Ѿڷزˣǰʱչ˲ҵڽڷҲͶʡ
üû뵽ԷôĻԼûа취һپͽԷ
ȻȥһƤءգҡ
ѾȻ޷ϴֻǴԷˡ
֮ͷƤءյǷǳҵġ
⵹˵ǶڷЩ鲻ΪƤءϾҵʱ̣һһ죬ϱĸ˵͸
ԽӵίУ뿪˱ݣһ߾Ĺ
⼸Ҳû뿪ݣΪ㽭زģȥﶼ˻ڱء
ȵڻصǰʱѾͨ죬ήңʱûϢá
Ҫ϶
˵֮󣬾ͽһŷ͵ǰ
ӹŷһȻһ˵֡
㶶˶ϵֽЦݲϣⶫԷôӳԼģ
һƣĿ㣬ʵǲ֪ǰλҪЩʲôѵݵҪʲô
лл㰡˻ȥϢɣµĻ֪ͨ㡣
ԼѾҲת뿪ķ䡣
ȵֻʣһ˵ʱ¶һ˿ɭЦϾҪöԷ֪Լ
֮󣬾ŽչʲôҪ˵˷ҲǶͷ߼ˡ
ⷨõʱȽϳٶ죬û顣
һֻʹСȥѰˣöԷ֪֪
֮ǷһЩϳ˷̾ͰԼ˷֮С
ɳãӻȡֽӣȻҶһ̴ֽϷɳһŵĺķγ˼ٸָĹ֡
ۣЩϸѡһֻĹ
ֻʵǺȫëһס
ֻĻҲغ£ȫɢһ
Ȼֻں֮УȻܹоһɵĳͣ굽ı
ЦЦֻúԼ⣬Ҫ˶ԷöԷǰܾĥ֪Լ
ܹƤءǰǾ͸ˡ
ǶĹһָǸ̾Լ壬һźС
һеֽӣĶһ̵ȫصС
֮ó׼õƤء֣пʼдʡ
һó˴ˣȻĻռֱӾԼǸ


181 
Ǹڳ÷֮̾ͱþȡͬʱ۹򴰻߿ȥǿһĿһ
ĵͷȻ˵֮˾Զ£ɵ顣
˵֮ſ֣Ƕ̾Ʈ˿У֮׼һ˲뿪ķ䣬ʧԶ
վھƵĴߣۿǶʧķ¶ЦݣֻҪھƵ֮дţǸƤءϢͿˡ
˵㽭ɽУƤءķء
½Ǳ߷صص飬֪ڼƻûӰ죬ӰĻԼûа취ϱ߽
УԼȥһǸˮʦô£
뵽֮Ƥء̾˵绰
ŵ绰ĽͨǱߴһۺɤ
ιϰ𣿡
£мҪѯһ¡
ˣʲô˵
ģһβȥ½˸ںǱ߳⡣
ƤءĻ绰Ǳߵ̾Įʲô£
ƤءæѴ½ǱߴϢ绰˵һ顣
֮ǴһȻͳĬһ˵˵ĻӦǶԷҲ˸ˣҲƻˣ˲Ų˷ɡ
ڴʦǸô죿
ûʲô취ˣҪֻȥһ˴½һԷôģнж
˵ʱ򣬵绰ǱΪѵ˵ʱ㽭Ƚæûʱȥ½ҪȥĻҪһʱ䡣
ƤءڶԷƳ٣ҲκεıԹΪλڴʦʶĴٹʵ̫ˣֻһв
Ǻðɣҹһʱϵ
Ƥء˵绰֮ǳĲãϱ߽Լ£Ӧǰˡ
ˣңʱǸͷϿģò׵õɻڴˣ˿ԼǹͣʵֻǱ˵Ŀܡ
ЩܵƤءԽԽί
ʱͻȻһӡ
ķҵƤءʱ򳹵׵ĻˣһˤϵļУվ
ͼĶӺȵˣƷء
͹ܲסӣֻô
ƤءǰûܹʲôΪûĻĿԶӵĽǷǳϸ
ڼĳǰȥץĲţǸһơ
ֻžһĶĶ̾ѹ˭Լˡ
ҡҡͷ˻ΣЩԺԴץԼǸף̾ͰѸղǹɻϢȥ
֣ôѽ
ʲôȥˣôȵģƽôģ
Ƥءһ⣬̰ĶʵĿ࣬վﲻһػ
ʱӸϿԲ˺ˣˣֻǳȥѾۻ˼ѵǾ𣿡
ĶҲʵʵվһԱӡ
Ƥء̧֣ٸһƣǿǸʵû֡
ˣԷɡ
ԼɷЩϿ˲
ȵʮζȰ֮Ƥءǰķˣȴûԭȵʳ
Ϊоһɶڸǻûа취ſں
ô£˭ϵĲûйţôô
Ӹ֮ҲñţȻһɶ
裬ȥʲôطô
ԱߵһŮ֮ϽȥѰңеĲһ飬ֶǺúõģûκεζ
Ųλ裬ֻǻصŮ˱档
ˣҸ鿴ˣûκε⣬úõģûζ
ڲƤһӣ˵ڵĶԽԽˣ㾹Ȼ˵û⣬ǲǲˡ
㼱æסƤءȻ˵ȥһ
˵֮ݺݵĵһۣȻվԵĸ鿴
鿴Ľһû⡣
УҲЩͷԣǴģ»صʱսţͷǶʵ̫ˡ
һ̲סۡһ˳
ôһ£ǲӦƤءҲſ￪ʼͣŻ¡
һ£Ҳͣˣ˰Сʱ˲ǿȻڿд
ǸոմһܶһϮԽԽأرƤءѾˡ
Ϊ֪ôģһֲԤУΪоɶǴϴġ
ʵܲˣƤءæһԵĸ˵ҷϴˮʵ̫ˣܲˣøϿϴ衣
վɷϴˮ
Ƥϴˮź֮ϽԡңΪӷϴˮôʱ䣬оϵĶһЩ
ո˶ʮӣˮ³ĻڿҪŻˡ
ԡңƤءȲ·ֱӾԡС
ˮƤءŸоܵĶԵĵһЩһ
ǽһϾëȻΪϺ񳤳һЩɫë
Ƥءһæְ˼ëԼǰۿ
ëոշŵԼǰ̾ŵһޱȵζ
ζֱӴıƤءΪҪζѬˡ
ֻһղγëĵطھȻֳһë
ëζȸղŸӵˮڣȻһ޷ӦĶƤı
ɶĴƤءҲ̲סˣֱӴԡͰϿʼŻ¡
뿪ˮ棬ǱˮڵĶӵˣһγ˶ѭƤءֻԼÿһκһĥѡ
ʱƤءϵЩëһױȵ
ƤֱӾͿʼϵЩëΪֻһ룬ǾЩëԶԼԼӶ֮нѳ
ЩëƤ֮УƤءÿһΰγëһƬѪ˿
ǼʹƤءҲûиоκεĺ£ֻֻЩë뿪ԼԼˡ
ĶûֹͣһͿʼѪѣëǻ᲻ͣش˿ڳʹࡣ
ԽʹԽҪεϵĺë⼸ѾûһƬõļ
Ǽʹϵĺëȴûֹͣεļ£᳤ĺë
źëԽԽ࣬ϵ˿ԽԽĵʹƤ̲סʼ
֮ң˶ˡ


182 ë
˵ڴԼɷϴ֮󣬾ڲɷһԷ
Ķڰһ֮Ҳʵˣؾصĸ׵Աߣ¸׻һٶ⡣
һһţͻȻ¥ԡдƤءҵĽ
һ°˶Żˣһѷ¥ԡԣʼͣš
ֻǴƤءĲҽû˸ǿš
ھԳӵˣƤءĶһžͰԡҵſ߿
ԡһ򿪣ӳƤءѪڲͣİԼëëҲ֣ոձգ۵Ĺֳһ
ЩӰ֮⣬һ޷̵ĶͻȻĴԡɢˣܿͨӵı
ڴҶ֪ղŵĶǴʲôطˣԭǴƤءɢģֲұ¥ҲûзֶԴ
˵ĶˣʵܲˣûȥӪƤһǽǿʼŻ¡
رƤءĶ棬ֱӾͰԡҵٴεĹϣŹϣǶûԴеĳζϡһЩ
Ҷ֪ô졣
а취ȻǲҽӽƤءҽ
һ취ãһ绰ʹ˼ġ
ܿһȳͣƤءıǰ
ҽ̧ŵԺУ͸Ǵ˸棬Ȼʵʲô
Ҳ֪ôشҽָֻһָȻ˵ߣǺܺãԼȥ֪ˡ
ҽֵĪһֻŮ͵Ĵԡҵ⡣
Ůǰҽ֮󣬾˹һ̾ˡ
ҽأЩͷԣǴԡҵţһ򿪣һϢĶ洫˳
һ²ҽǻʿҲ˲پˣֱӾͰѵ£ܵµĵطʼŻ
ȰһٷԵĶ֮ҽͻʿŲΡΡվȻⶰЩ¡
ȻѾˣֻӲͷƤˣϱ߶ʵûܣԼûоˣЩҽԱҪѬȥˡ
Աߵһʿǳϻмú֣һʱסڱǣǿô
˻࿴˿ûбİ취ֻˡ
Ⱥ»ص˾Ȼʼȫװ
ٴν˱ʱѾǰʵʵ۾¶֮󿴣κβλ
ȺҽԱԡſڵʱȻܹŵһ˲Ķ
Щ˹ԡңͿͰԱſһѪǺëˡ
ѾǼѣѪˣȻͣİԼϵĺë
Щ޷̵ĶǴϷġ
ҽԱ࿴һֻۣһӵϣȽֽŰȻߵ֮ϣ̧ų˱
žȻľֱҽԺȥˡ
ǵҽԺҽԺѾ֪˷ʲô飬רŵĸǿͨһɫͨǲͼֱȥסԺ
סԺҲǵһ䣬ȻɳԼҽԺеľɵҽǰȥĸλơ
һ쿪ʼҽԺо͵˴ù
ΪҽԺУκεĽǶŵһ޵ĳζ
ûа취ܣ㽭򸻺ƤءùֲϢܿʹ÷з
㽭ֵطһС鶼ܱעοƤء򸻺
˵ڶ죬һȺļΧҽԺֹͨϵ̽ƤءĲ顣
һЩ˶Щ˼û뵽ϻֵĹ񱡣
ڱֽ˵һǧѷĺûᣬڵڶʱ㽭ʮұֽһ𱨵Ƥء˹ֲѬϢ
һҿǳ˷ͷˣڸȦѾ´ˡ
ԭȺƤӶǼҸҲ̾ҵĻԼ
ΪƤءӵĸ㣬ûκεĻ˵ΪԷʮֵĳ֡
ԷƤءŴһҪĶҲŴֲԼŮһҪˡ
ھƵпıֽ֮ϵЦݴûôù
վһߵԿЦݣɵüֱԭǵ﷨ʦ³
Щ˲һɥȴһֱøַĥ㣬ãܡ
ʱţԼһɳĳëǷǳģԼҪһƤءֶܼ೤ʱ䡣
ʱע㽭飬رЩԳзˣǺƤءʲô
ķԸæĵͷԶһһҲҵ
ȥֽ֮ӺɳǸϵ
һص˼ǣ䱾һҪƤءʹ಻
˼Ҫ飬ֵһЩҲЩķˮʦ
㷢֮Ǹë͸ӵı䱾ˡ
ʦϵԽ˶ɢëӵ
ڵƤֻҪһûҽʿţͻøַϵƤëտʼ֣ӣҪҼֱӴ
ʿʵû취ֻǰֽȫϣȻ24Сʱ
ļƣҽһĪչΪֵļ飬ֵĻ鶼ˣƤϣҲûвκεĲ
һҽڰѹ֮󣬲ȷ˵һ䡣
ҿаˣҷʦƣ
ҽһ仰ǵˡ
رƤءŷˮʦѾһʱ䣬ЩҲΡ
һԼпаˣ̾ͻȻԼһֱܺãôͻȻֲֹⲻǱģʲô
뷨֮Ƥء̾ԼĶӰѵ绰Լù
Ȼ֪ҪʲôǴ绰ǿԵģ˾ͰƤء˼ͨ˵绰
绰һͨЩˡ
㵽ô£ҲǺ˵𣿹һʱ˵ϴʲô˼
ϵƤءһͣ
ڴʦȱҵ绰˵ĲǼ£Լæ
绰Ǳ˵ȥ½飬һЩðɣʲô¡
ڷʦҿܱˡ
ô£
ûпֽ𣿡
⼸һֱæ£ûй򿴱ֽ
ģϲ֪ôĳһֺëëܵĳζҪëֻҪһε̾ͻ³ұñǰ
绰Ǳߺóʱû˵ŵ绰д˻ķƵġ
˺һᣬ绰ٴδλڴʦ
ҸղŲ鿴˹ż˵ģ˳ë


183 ڴʦ
ëʲô
һִ˵еĹ֣ʮֵѲΪܵǳʹ࣬ϣҲһζֻҪǸϣô˾ͻʹ಻󲿷£˶˽ᡣ
绰Ǳͣһ£˵ëĶ˵Ĵ໹Ҫ˿ѬüǡѬθʹͺǻŻ²ֹΪȥգ᲻ͣ˺ë˺ûѪѣëǻ᲻ͣش˿ڳʹࡣ
Ƥء˵绰ǱߵĽͣѾʼˣ񿴵Լδ
ʦʦһҪȾѽʦֻҪ֣׼򣬲һǧΪлʦϽȾҡ
绰ǱߵʦĬһ£±ǲֵģΪëȷʵֵµǼС治һǶԷĶ֡
ԷҪһǧлϾ͸ı⡣
ðɣʩĥѣôĹϵˣܿôĥϾͳ˳ȥҽԺ
ڴʦ͹˵绰
ߵƤءץס˾һæԸԼĶӡ
ϽҽԺſڵȥڴʦһˣͰ
һ׵ɱѼӾܣ˲
⵹ǣӸ׵ĻֻΪʵ̫ˣѾЩֲסˣ׵ķԸܵɿ
ǵߣҪߵĻʿտһԼĸףյ˻ʿվЩСʿǾɢ
տʼЩ֣ű˶űԶԶĿ֪ԼڲдľˣҲմȾ˸׵ǹɶ
оһԼᱻ״Ⱦϰɣ
׵ֲǿҪĻȥɱҲ
鲢ûзչֵزһϵĳ΢ɢȥһЩʱһλҽźĿֽӽ
ʲô¶𣿡
Ҫȥһ£ĸҲڣϣǻʿܹտһҸס
Ǹҽ֮ЩΪѣ˵ǲҽԱְʵ̫ˣǵСʿͲҿ
Ҳû취ֻǴ˽Ǯơ
ֻҪ⿴һСʱҳһ۱ҡ
ҽ֮۾һ£ȻתĻʿʾһ£˼˵Ը¡
ЩСʿǻ࿴˿ЩޱȵζЩ
һòͨСʿҧվ˳
ǵ˵ͷȻѾźˣҾˡ
˵֮һĲԺ֮һʵĿŸоԼֻ˻
˵ǱߵڴʦڽӵƤءⵥ֮̾Ϳʼ׼
Ϊ֪һëɲǺǵģԼ⼸ʮ£շȫߡ
Ҫ֪ɢɲϣܳΪ꣬һǳˡ
ЩÿһЩˣ⼸ʮЩ˺ܶ飬Ҳ˲ٵǮơ
꣬һЩѹ׵ıⶼһǧĶȻ˵ܶණôˣеһЩ
׼һ֮ڴʦųſֱҽԺ
ȵҽԺͣͿƤءĶｹתȦء
ҲʶڴʦģһĳͣϽܹȥԸڴʦѳŴ򿪣Ȼ󹧾³
ڴʦ³֮󣬾ʵ㸸ȥʲôֵĵط
ڴʦǻƤȥʲôɾĵطëǻ
ûȥʲôطҸ⼸һֱڰ칫Ҵ飬ÿ춼ǰ칫Һͼһߡ
ڴʦüͷ壬ĻôӦⱨˡ
ôˣָʹëΪ񣬿ǳԼһˡ
ߣȥڴʦžʾǰߴ·
Ӧһæǰߴ·Ǻܿ˲ǰ
ʱͣһ£ȻԸڴʦ˵ʵ̫ˣʦҪҪЩ׼
ڴʦ֮ÿɷ񣬡û¶ʲôûζ
ڴʦںԼ׼æĴӿڴóһ֣ʵʵĸԼϡ
֮Ŵ򿪲š
ⲡһ򿪣̾һޱȵĶߴ˳ڴʦû׼һӲѬȥ
ڴʦҲ˲ʲôˣæܳȥԶԶ˼ڿŻ
ͷڴʦԶˣæ¹š
ȻڴʦǶǱ࣬ţôҵȰ棬Կ˰ɣ
ڴʦһæʿվҪһ֣εĸԼϹϣ¸˲
ǽ˲֮󣬾ͿУտƤءǸСʿƤءԶĽǲء
СʿһˣһϾᣬȻ󲻹ܲ˵ľƿ棬ܳ˲
沢ûСʿΪ֪һİⲡмһһСʱѾ御ˣôҪ˼ң
λڴʦʱѾĿƤء
ƤĲǰʱôһһΪƤء״ĻҪӼ
ڵƤѾûһõƤˣһдеĺëͣĴг˳ɢһ޷ܵĶ
Ƥ֫Ѿ˴ϣΪ˺øַγϵĺëʹܵһ˺
ƤءţŤͣطʱʱľʹ³һЩ̽ӵĶ
Աʵʦ㿴ûʲô취
ڴʦһ룬ȻԼıȡһ̣ȻƤϿա
̵ֻƤϿգϵָͿʼɿת
ڴʦɫ͸ӵѿΪƤϵµȼѾѾﵽһ
ĻߵСͲȥȥҲǸ˼Ͳˡ
ʱϵƤءѾڴʦɫãҲпʼԭڴʦΪԼľǣڿڴʦҲһܹˡ
ƤءҲ֪㽭ֻڴʦЩ£νġʦ¶ƭӡ
ڴʦľݣ˲ԼˣԼֻеˡ
ʦֻҪϾң̾Ϊŷ޵壬ʱʦһ߳㽭Ϊķˮʦ
Ƥءһ仰ڴʦ
ȻһҲίУȥ½һ飬ҲֻͨƤмˣ˻ûмˡ
ܹ壬ôܺܿչŷ޵ҵ˶磬ʱһ˫ա


184 ̳
ڴʦ뷨֮;һԣԼСãԼϻżҲܹë
ԳħΪƽΪЩ
ڴʦ˵仰ʱԵôĵòȻ
ڴŵƤء֪ڴʦ˵ԲԵĻ羴ͷ
ǣ֪ڴʦеĸˡ
ڴʦĵͷȻƤ˵ҽԺ˶ӣǿԳԺȥз¡
Ƥ֮ǴϲȻϽĶһվŵ˵ϽȥھҪԺ
֮̾ͿųȥˣڴʦֻʣԼˣæ˵ҳȥ䡣
˵֮ڴʦ׷ĽŲ뿪˲
Ժǳ˳ЩҽʿͰͲϿء
Ḷ́õҽԱĴ֧֣ȫ̶мСʿԱ߸ţһʲô飬涯֣̾СʿŰˡ
һСʱ֮Ƥء˻ؼҵ
ȵ˼ҵʱһ
ôˣ뿪ҽԺһ磬ôͻؼˣѵҽԺѾƣƤء
뵽Ƥ֮ԼԺɵþ͸еһľҲƤءĳëˣֱӾ˵ǰޡ
ƤӣǺܸжģŶԼ壬ԼˣˣɼԼǶôġ
վһԵڴʦûǷ㡣
ˣϽڴڳһط
ڴʦĻ棬Ǽæָ˰ѴȫڿգȻһʮƽ׵Ŀյء
ڴʦ˰ƤˣȻƽյص롣
Щ֮ڴʦ׼㰸ȻһЩϹƷ
Щ֮ڴʦŴһɫĵۣһľ㰸֮
ֻڴʦȴӻȡһöȻ˱ǰߵƤߣѹĲϡ
֮ڴʦ»ص㰸֮ľдʣһִ㰸һŷ䣬ֱӲľϣϵȼ֮󣬾ľĴĻ裬÷ȼʣµĻҽе
ʱڴʦ㿪ʼ䣺ʣڤǧʥ顣ޣƷħΡ֮ӭ
ڴʦ꣬Ƥϵǿıó
Ƥ̵ֱлڴʦĲ״ȴŲʣĿʼ䡣
ʱƣǿҲԽԽ̣ѾƤһۡ
ʱƤڴһ󰧺
ⰧԲƤģ֮в֪ĸطġ
ڴʦ¶ЦݣֻҪ©вأôͺðˡ
ֻʦľ뿪㰸ǰľͶ忪ʼ
ڴʦͣĳƤڵǰԽԽ
ƤϵЩڳëҲʼԶ䣬һȴûµĺëг
ܿŵΰ¶ЦݣһǶоˡ
ķչȴǵϡ
ЩëͻȻȫ˻ȥƤǻָԭȵӡ
ڴʦˣҲһΪѶԸأԼûأԼˡ
ҵʱͻȻƤ¶Ȼһ
ǰƤء̾Ͷϲ˼ڣƤһ¾ʹӵϴǰץסڴʦĲӣȻ
ڴʦֻѸצץסԼĲӣ޷ûмµĹѾࡣ
ǿֵĵǼҲ֪ˣʾһӵϣҪֿץڴʦ֡
Ҳ֪ôˣƤءڱôˣ˾Ȼûа취ֿ˫ۡ
ڴʦԼΡΡĴӻȡһľƣȻֱӾͰƤظ
ľҲ֪ʲôһƤǰƤǱһϾ̱
ʱڴʦǴƤӵһȻʮĴ˼Ż˹
ȵʦٻͷƤءֱֻǸһγ˺ëұǰӵʢǳζӵŨҡ
ڴʦҲݣУԼҪˡ
ʦ»ص㰸֮󣬴Աߵȡһž޳ݡ
ݱȡ֮ĴͲһ硣
ŵƤءҲʼͣĲҪ䶯Զ޳һЩ
ڴʦߺߵһЦȻָ߸ߵľݣȻдʡ
ͻȻľͷɳ磬Ȼͣڴʦķ̳ǰ
ڴʦҲ˵ֻǰһָƤء̾Ƥء˹ȥ
絽Ƥءǰһ˲֮УƤͿʼͣĲͨ죬һ˫ճɵȭͷܵʲô̡
ڷ̳ڴʦôʱ䣬綼ûȡʤ֪ԼӦں߰һ¡
ٴξľƤءԱߣʼٴκݳ
ʱƤҲ֧ŲסˣͻȻһɣžʹзɳһźӰ
źӰһ뿪Ƥ壬̾ɢһܵĳζȸղƤɢĳζҪǿʮ
һƤҵʮŮͣһŵζҲ̲סһͻ赹ڵء
ŹζһҲֲסˣֱӾſڵٴŻ
ڴʦȻ˵ҲŻ£ڻûгëǿųζеĳëٴһָ
žʹƤַɳ磬еź˹ȥ
һغǺռϷ磬ֻֻǰһײͰײˡ
ȻԵĴһֱڴʦ
ڴʦҲ£΢΢ſֳ֣̾˰ɫľ޳ݡ
Ǹոտĺһ޳ݸܵʲô壬̾˰ա
ڴʦĿһ°еĺȻ»ص˷̳󣬴ӻȡ˸ղƷƤءǸľơ
ľƷڼ̳룬ȻڵأĶľƿס
һվľƣȻ
̫Ͼɱ񷽡ϺŮ㲻顣ɽʯѣӡ¡ͷǣףǰл񣬺Խ¡ʦɱܺǿɱնҹ⡣񲻷ιҵ
ڴʦľƿʼ΢΢Ĳžɢһļµơ


185 ɽ
ľƵķųڰеźͻȻĿʼҵĶžͷһ̶ĲҽС
ڴʦľƣĽӽһ֮ͻȻǰľӡм䡣
Ǻһ̾;ҵķźܿľɢ˴롣
ʣһС͵һȻڴʦĿˣȻһʧƤסլ֮С
ڴʦһ龰оЩŭԼۿžҪʱⶫܳΪԼ
Ҫ֪ĩӵһЩرµĹּѾɼˣԴӳʮ꣬ͷһëϡĹ֡
ȴ֪еĿϧǼڴʦŪ˼£ǵŵƤѾָˡ
ЩһӵϣſڵϵƤءӣȻ
ƤءæȡһƤءסʡ˿Ц
ڵƤءǰ޷ܵĶ
ץڴʦ֣һĸлء
ʦһضˣҪȻҿ»˼졣
ڴʦֵЦЦȻ˵Ҳƽƣʱܹ׻
Ƥء˵һͨлĻ
ڴʦƤءȻѾëˣϵЩ˺ȴûϣڻڲͣѪ
ûʲôˣ㻹ǸϽҽԺпһɡ
ڴʦѣƤŸоһĴʹ
Ǹղڶڣȫе޷ܵĳζϣû˳ζˣϵʹ¶˳
죬ҵҽԺһʹͣӿƤҲ˲ʲôˡ
Ķ漱æ˷Ƥء˳Ȼ󼲳ȥҽԺ
˵ǳëڴʦ֮һ˲Ʈ˰֮УȻ׼򣬾ͱסȥ
пŵӣԽĲˮ͵ء
һĸոյĳԵͻȻľŵһŻĳ
һﻹԵ㣬ֱӾͰѵ˵ϣθһķϳԵĶҲȫˡ
еǸë֪Լ˻ˣæİԼĺȫռһ¿еĶһЩ
Ҳˣ̧ͷһǺëԼأһЩˣֻһָһĹ򣬾ʹз˳ëܡ
ǳëһ̾һεѹγһƹСԲ
һ³ëɢĶȫռ
㼱æȥѴŶ򿪣˺һʱ䣬ÿͷеĳζɢɾ
ʱɳϣǸʵôˣѵǸѾˣ
ǺȻǲ˵ˣԼ㴫Լ顣
ڽ֮󣬲ûüͷ¶ϲɫ
̤Ьٴȫѹ
һ£ڴ½ԼʩǸˣҲ䣬ںˣýһ򾡡
뷨֮̽йԱ߷ԣԼһľ
ԸûҪʲôϾͳȥ죬һոµľ͵ǰ
ָľϸӦľƵ֮ĵͷ
ľɲǷƷӦ׻ľɡ
ѽ˲Ǯɣ
ľֻ˶ʮ򡣡
֮ҲЩľȻҲһЩʮ˵ҲСĿ
ѾˣߵĻӦǱ߸
ԼǷԽԽˣȵ֮ʱ벻ˡ
ȥ֮нúõʰһ٣ڿ˼ѾԼ飬Լûٶˡ
֮ͽԴˣȻԼķŽĹϡ
һҪʩչװķɽնа
ʱʩչһŷһʧˡ
Ⲣ㷨ҪԸǸ̫Լķɽնаκβ˶Է
ִȴһˣһЩаľǲ˵ĸˡ
Ըˣ㻹аյġ
һ̳ûãֻվҽǷ֣бԣ̤㱱ܿ̫ˮ޻ˮ嵴룬ˮλȥ
֮󣬾еľڵϻһ޵ԡ
֮ľԵм䡣
ľӦòڰͼмģƵķɲƻ˼ҵװΣֻªͼľ˰Եм䡣
ִ֮Ĵָָڣǰ岽Ĳ
վʱȥնаΪֽ׾У
֮󣬾;ڵڵʼɿתžһɹɵķʼʧڣľ֮ϣһ塣
һ֮ԽһУǸë̾ͳԡ
̾ʹëϡ
ǳëϾ˼ֻǰһ˾ľǰ֮Զľľײȥ
һҽУǳëѾһڸӵ˥ѾЩƮ
ĵͷȻһ˦ӣͰëٴ˦˽֮С
ԭղëͨľĽӴľӦλʦϢ
ŸղŵĶľѾʼĲȻָеһ
ǰ򿪴Ȼһָľ̻һʧķ֮УֱԶȥ
˵ʱڴʦڰʱƤء̱֮ƤءĶ澴ϱ
ڸһľƵУ
ھϯǲͣĹάڴʦôҲǼ棬ұб£Щ׵˻ô˻ֵܹסƨ
ǾԵĸأͻȻ֮ڴһ죬ȻƵĴͱըһȻһֱڴʦ
ڴʦҲǺȵЩˣûз͵Ϯȷʵһ˻á
ֻʦͻȻųһ׹⣬ǰ׹һӾ뿪ڴʦĻֱǷĺȥ
âõײһ
Ǿ̷ֳ˸£ǺֻǱһ£𣬶ǰױײ֮̾ɢܣžƬӰ¡
ƬڵϵڴʦҲ˹
ѹĵһ˲䣬ͿǵϵƬȻͺ졣
ֻǼƬûȫƬпԿһϻģĴ
ڴʦ֮ôۣΪʦġ
һУȹεÿһβʲô֣˱ᡣ
һ쾹Ȼˣܹۡ


186 ֽɱ
ڴʦһĹľڿдһٴζ׼ڴʦ࣬м۶¡
һڴʦôҲһЩ׼ֻԱһͶһ
һƣֱӾͰѲĶơ
ڰзŵľֻľƣʵޱȣֻڿһζݵͣһ¡
һֱӴ͸˲ֱӵڴʦۡ
ڴʦҽһȻҧֱӾͰľ
ǲֱϵľεĲҪ룬ڴʦҧһֱľĽܹ뿪
ľֲ˼£޷֮ƽ
ڴʦΪһһѵʱľͻȻų˺⣬ţֻһ죬ľǧƬ
ľƬҷɣомʮƬݺݵشڴʦϡ
ЩľƬȻľƵģһرըʵ̫ˣҼڴʦǰЩľľƬĽڴʦ壬
һԵѾɵˡ
ľƴ룬һֱڴʦƬըĻˣҲʮʱ䡣
ȵ淴ӦʱڴʦѾѪУͣĳ鴤
ڼæĶҽԺ绰
ԷĲҽԺܽûмӵĹ򣬾һ󲨵ҽ˲ȻҴҵİڴʦ̨ϵĵ͵ҽԺС
ҽ߰˸СʱʦǱס
ȻǱסˣȴܵشӽԺ¾Ǹˡ
֪ʦûΣ֮һٸҽҩ֮󣬾ͳȥ㱨
ڵƤءѾľһȴǳĺãΪڰϢĶ
ڶйԼ˵Ƥˡ
ڷǶ˵ЦʱͻȻűײĶ洳˽
ƤءüԼĶûΣЩˡ
ûòأȥٽ
һ£Ȼεĳ˲š

ߵƿ˽ȥ
˵ɣʲôôż
ףڴʦˡ
ô£ղŲǻúõѵ˳
ǳղǳԷʱͻȻһľƴ룬ǴڴʦͻȻըľƬڴʦࡣ
ƤءϢǾĿɿڴ
ܿƽӿʼٵ˼
ڱڴʦոոԼ˳ëһʦͽıľϮˣҪ˵ûʲôϵɵӶš
Ƥءһ룬Ȼ˵ڴʦ㶢ŵ㣬һεҽƷǼҳˡ
˵ͷлЩԥһοɰŻˣЩᷨʵ̫˾ˡ
Ƥءȴܶʲôҡҡȥ
Ƥڲ˺ܳʱ䣬һֻȻͨһ绰
үҡ
绰ǱߴһǳŤ˵һˡ
ʲô¶𣿡
ү߳˲ӡ
ô£
ǰұʩ˷һңһڴʦűסղڴʦͻȻˣڻICU
绰Ǳߵ֮Щ
Ǵ½Ǳߵô
ǺܺãѾɹˣǸʿȥ֮ǵļƻͱƻˣõϢǸҲǺܺá
绰Ǳߵ˳ĬһȻЩ˵ʱֹͣжҪٴ̼Էˡô죿ҵĵ绰
үڶԷҵҵĵͷˣҸô죿
ڵƤءﻹܵʲôֻű
绰ǱߵڿܷǳĽ꣬ƤءĻֱӾʹֱĻش𣺡⻹ҽ𣿵ĵط㼸졣
˵ֱ֮Ӿ͹˵绰
ƤءεĿеĵ绰̾һūŵ³
ʱܿЩȱס˵
㣬ϿȥŻƱǽϾֱ׶ء
ڸղŵĵ绰Ҳˣûκεԥ̾͸绰
ָ֮ԼĶ˸绰ϿԼϣһ˾ͳ
ڴʦһߣƤءһڸ͹˲ˣֻҽҩѣ㽭ɡ
˵һߵ㣬ʩչ˷ɽնа֮󣬾һԸڷɽ֮ϡ
ַ֮ɽѾ޷֮󣬾ʶȼ˷ɽ֮еԣ÷ɽ˾ҵıը
ǳһΪ֪ԷѾˣټһηɽıըԷҲѲƤ
뵽һԵãߺߣӽԺҪĸʦǼ϶ֽš
ȻǸڴʦˣĻ˻ţɲܾЩң
뵽֮̾ԡ
ʱǸƤءûʲôĶ
⵹ûУ˵ӦҽԺˡ
Ǿͺã˶һʲô̻㱨ҡ
ԴӦһ˳ȥ
ǣôƤءһĿڳϢ⵽һڱԸԼ
ʱܿ͵ˣϾŵӵʱԹŷ￴ӣͻȻűٵ졣
㼱æվţֻǰĵȴ
һ㿪ţ䣬̵˵ҸոյõϢƤءһѾǰ׶صķɻɻܿͻɣǸô죿
һһƤءһҲɵҪѽ
Ҫӵ׶ȥǻЩ鷳
һ£Ȼ˵ڻ϶ţĲùˡ
żæǣȻȥ±߷Ըˡ
»ص֮ҧ룬Է߿ûôס
뵽֮˷֮˼ŰֽȻϱ߻һΡ
֮óϸİμ
ֽ˴һȻſԣ飬̫壬Σֽɱǹң
ھ꣬еǸֽҲʼŤҪơ
ֻһֱ̨Ӿѹֽ֮ϡ
ֻһɷ˷֮󣬾ȵͿֽ֮ϡ
Ǹֽ˱ͣţɷͿĨֹͣ𶯡
һѹֽˣ̫յ۾飬پͱףаͲ壬ͥ۵
꣬ϵǸֽҲʼķų˽⣬տʼʮֵҫۣͿʼָ˵֮С
Ͱ̨Ȼֽ˵һס
տʼֽ˻ڰƮһصʱѾһĵˡ
ĵͷȻֽ˵ȥɻȻ˽Ӧ㣬Ȼȥ׶صķɻڷɻϽƤءһҡ


187 ɻϵѪ
˵仰ִ֮ӻȡһ䣬ݵֽ˵
֮󣬽Ƥ
ǸصһͷȻͰŷŵԼĻ֮󣬴˴ľԾȥ
Ҫ֪Ƕʮ¥Ҫȥһһˤࡣ
ֽƮƮĺܿ˵ϡ
֮һ⳵ʧǰ
ĵͷȻһθԴ˵绰һƤءǰɻĻƱȻ󽻸һɫװˡ
һ߽ĵ绰̾ͰţܿһƤءͬһ༶ķɻƱ㱻á
㰲һ֮󣬾ھƵеϢˡ
˵Ǹֽڵòͨûʲôڳ⳵Ǹ⳵˾ûз֣һֽˡ
ȵ˻ֽ˳⳵ֵݸ˾һųƱ˾ֻɨһ۱ŵǮǮոã̧ͷһֽѾӰ
⳵˾ҲûзϣΪֻǶԷߵļûüҪǮˡ
ǵȵڶϽʱŷԼյľȻһڤңͰλ⳵˾̱ڵأӴ֮һҿҹˡ
ǸֽɻѸٵĽ˺Ͼһ˴˹
ҪɻƱɡ
ǸֽҲ˵ֻĬĬĵ˵ͷȻʹǸнӹ˻Ʊ
˻Ʊֱֽ֮Ӿͱǻȥˡ
ߵǸĿɿڴ˵ôˣҲû֤ҲûаǻֱӾȥǻڣ˼һ
һĻȴĿɿڴֻǸֽǻڣӻȡʲôڻԱǰһ£Ǹ̾ͷˡ
ֽ˽˵ǻںܿҵƤءǳһɻȻٵĵ˷ɻ
ֽڵϷɻ֮ǷɻĲ̾ͱرˡ
ֽ˽˻ڻɨһۣûзƤһҡ
ƤһҲûھòУӦͷȲջա
ֽ˱ɻǰȥߵжΣͱһսסˡ
ǰգҿһĻƱ𣿡
ֽޱȡԼĻƱݵսǰ
ǸսϸĲ鿴һ£ȻЦ˵ĻƱǾòգҲλҿԴȥ
ֽջ˻ƱĿսһۣȻһ̧־Ͱһߣ֮ʹС
ſսһļкܿ˺ܶ˵Ŀ⣬ǿһɫװ˴С
ڶǰǴη¹ʣڷɻѾ䱸˰ȫԱ
սһкǸĳЩ˵һźţ̾վһ׳˶ˣǼǰ͵סֽ˵ȥ·
ϣصԼĲУҴĻȨʱѺ
ֽȻǵĮ۾˿ǰˣȻɨһۣȻûпƤءһҡ
ֽͻȻ̧֣ǰ˾ץ˹ȥ
ǰˣȻڷɻϵΰȫҲǾϸѵ
˶ǰ˵ͻȻϮҲ׼ģֻ˫ǰһܣסԷ֡
˫һӴˣȴֶԷϮ־ͺצһ̾ץסԼĸ첲
ֽץס˵ĸ첲ֻ֮ԵֻһǸ˾;ԼֱѾˡ
ҲǺݽɫȻѾ۶ϣֻǺҧһȻʹӻȡһǹֽ˾һǹ
Ҫ֪ȻΪɻϵıԱ䱸ǹأǹǲʹõģΪÿһοǹ޴Σ
һ˹˲ˣֻ̫һԼĸ첲ѾˣҪڷɻҴ֪ᷢʲô
ӵ׼ȷĴ˶˵ࡣ
ȴڳ˶ˣԭӵȻԷ壬ȴûһεѪվŵҲûκ˵ӡ
˷㶵ʱǸֽǰһץסЩǹ֡
ֽٴǸ˵ұҲһֱĴǹҲ˵ϡ
Ǹֽ˽һƣֱӾͱƳʮ׵ľ룬ˤ˷ɻĲձϡ
ֻֽٴɨһۣǺֻ˶ӹ˶ֽ֣˵Į顣
ֽ˱ɿͷȲȥ
յĸղŵĳͻѾͷȲеĳԱѾλսҪ鿴׷ʲô顣
յжηˣֽͷȲմȥ
ֽ˼λս㻰û˵ֱ۶һսƮƮľżһˤԣҲ
ֽڲһӵʱʹӾòմͷȲС
ֽ˵Ĵ룬ͷȲеĳ˿ͶŤͷ˻յжΣҪ׷ʲô顣
ǿһޱ飬ɫ˴˽
ǸֻͷȲһɨ̾ҵԼĿֻ꣬ǰ߼ԣȻһ־סĲӣһס
ûһֱӱˤ߰׵ڹҲվˡ
ڿλϵƤءһ龰Ͼ֪Ǹ׷ɱԼ˲ưոݣ׷ɻˡ
ҿŶԷ֣ӲĻС壬ûа취ֵ
ˣƤءæĶǸ˺ҳһǧֻҪŹңһǧ̴˻
ĺͨ˵ҲǷǳջģǶˣһϻ
˲ûֱͣ˫־ץƤ
Ƥءϻűأ˵ûз
ֻôһ¾ͱץסֱۣƤֱ̾ͱ
ѪʹƤĶϱ۴ӿһΧһɵľ룬ʹĳ˿ͱһͷѪ
һͷȲյˣǷӦֻһļУеֱӾͶڱͷ˵ϲ̧ͷһȴվֱӾֽˡ
ȻֽѾˣǰȫסǵЩж˿û赲ֽˡ
ֻֻٴ֣ץסƤԴȻԱһŤƤҽжûнгͶ
ֽȻûаѰֻ֣һְƤһͷֻһƤַ롣
һǼ˵ĳ˿ҲŻˣû뵽ǰĲб˶޽ŷſˣȥ
ֽ׵ʱ򣬻Ѿͨߵ磬㱨˷ɻϷ顣
˻һ򾯲ֱһ֯߰˸ȫԱװɻӿ
ȵǵϷɻʱӳͷȲ֮Ѫеĳ˿Ͷŵſڵأɪɪ
Ǹ·ˣȴһһŷǸʬϲͣıȻ


188 ҵĿ
һ»ıȫԱûˣΪܻĳ˿͡
ЩͷȲǰ׶صĳ˿ͣÿһǷǸҪһǻԼչ˾Ҫɨˡ
ֻĵĿʼɢͷȲеĳ˿͡
ǸǾʬȤأҲʣûԱɢ˾󲿷ֵĳ˿ͣȻʮ˱˶
ʮӹȥˣֵķɻ֧ԮˣЩȫװM5ǹս˷ɻ֮ϡ
ڷɻѾûг˿ˣ˷ɻӵĽչǳ˳ܿѾͷȲգȻʮm5ǹָǶǸ˵ͷ­
ţͷʣĻȨ̻С
Ǹлһŷ䣬һǰʲô飬֮һŴеķȼˡ
Щ֮תͷЩɻԱ¶һɭЦݡ
ʱɻԱĶдϱߵҪ̻дͽ
±ߵķɻԱһӵ̾ǹͽظԼͷ
ǹ𣬶زͷе
زѾ߰˸ӣԴҲһ롣
ôǹ˺ûκηӦһԴһˣȻ¶ŲҰ׵ݶߵķɻԱɵЦ
һߵķɻԱըˣԴû˴룬嶼ǿ߰˸󶴣Ȼûһ⻹
ߵķɻӸ߲Ҳֳͨ¼񣬿˷ʲô顣
˺ܿɻӵĶԱٴνӵҪǼֱȫƷΪֹ
ЩɻԱѾŵľսڵõ̾ǹ˿ʼͣĿǹ
˵һοǻĿĿģһȫˣ߰˸ɻԱŰͲˡ
һǴȥٷӵ
ܱյķɻڣ˵ӵҷɣܶûüĳ˿ҲˣֳһƬѪȡ
⼸ٷӵǺܴһִ˵ϣӵ룬˵Ҳʼ֫ܿ졣
˾ͺɵһվɷɻӿǹֱ屻䡣
Ϊǽͽ˵ʱֳͻȻһɢȥ֮󣬵Ϸͽʬ岻ˣǰһЩϸСֽ顣
ϱѾֳ飬ȻҲֳĲСΪ߲㣬Ҫǽֳʡ
ϴֱӾɻӸϽȽʾȳԺ˵
˱ߵʮԼս㣬ܿľͱ˳
ǴˣϰܷɻΧʵʵȻǿԱȥһһĿֳ顣
ϣƵ͵˴½߲㡣
ΪڷɻϷʵ̫ˣ㽭ԱѾûа취ƿֳľˡ
ҪԭǹƷͽˣ˶ֳԱзûһСʱ㽭ı綼Ѿ֪ڻ˹顣
ΪʱδٷԼ֮㽭ľеľԱ´˷
ˣڽзŷʱ򣬾ͱ˿ֲϮ
Ȼֳļ߶ŹٷϢǺĸ߲Ҳܵ˾棬ڵڶ챨ֽϿǳݾȻһ£Ƿɻܵ˴ͽϮͼٳַɻھԱķŬ£ǻеĴͽ˷ɻϵг˿͡
ڳ˿ֻһһˣĳ˿ͶѾת뵽˹̶ҽԺй۲졣
Ҳڵڶϣڱֽпı
ֻڱֽɨһۣͽֽӵһߣȻ֮УеĴȫסʹ÷бһƬ
֮һ֣̾ʹԱߵǸ豭зɳһźС
źǰʼͣŤƤӡ
ֻһַԴͬʱڲͣĺУҵֶˣ
΢ЦĿǰĵˣԼǰʹļ尾
ֱһСʱˣںԴһ㡣
ָĵУǸеĹѾָ־ֻһԴҿ˿
Ϳڶ΢Ц㡣
һ㣬̾鷢˾޴ı仯źͿʼ
צҪƣԴȥ
۵Ŭ޷ġ
˵˵ɣ˭Ըҵģ
ĸʻ忪ʼӾҵӿ
㿴ԷͲԼҲЩˣֻԱһ
Ȼȼ˻棬һŷֽ
ֽһ꣬̾ͻһɫĹţһֻϡ
㡰ߺߺߡһЦȻɫĹţźɵĹ¡
Źһ£̾ͱһŻ棬ʼ塣
ƤءɵĹ֣֮пʼҽУԱߵĲʼ
ȹ˴ʮӣƿ˻档
ʱƤϵĺѾʼɢ˺ܶ࣬ƤҲ
˵˰ɣ
һƤءĻһô֮ˣСĿǣȻ˵ֻҪң֪ʲôҶ˵
ֻҪ˵ʵҲ㣬Ҫһô
Ƥء¶˻ɵ񣬲Ҳû취ˣ˭ԼʦС
ڵƤءѾǻڵӶˣ֪ЩʦĴƴſҲȥ鷳
ǷСӵԸǵġ
Һ˵СӺʶɣΪʲôҪԸң
ҾͲ֪ˣСӾڷʹ½֮Ҳ֮
һԼʶˣ˵޼Լģ¾ֻǸδܿˡ
˵Ǹǲǽнܿˣ
ǣȫǽܿˡȡ
ʲôط
ҾͲ֪ˣֻ֪ĵ绰롣
֮ͷȻ˵Ѻҡ
ƤĹ꣬㱨һε绰롣
õ绰ֱ֮Ӿ͸Է˹ȥҪڵ绰ȷһǲ֪Ľܿˡ
ԷҲܿͽͨ˵绰
ʲô£
һϾȷӦþδܿˡ
Ǵͷ򵨱ҪֻԼأʱƵġ
ܿҸеܸˣǺܿͻٴμ档
Ľܿ˺Ҳֻԥһ£̹˵绰
㿴ŵ绰ЦЦȻԼеƤ˵˵ʵķϣһô
Ƥءûɵ㣬ǰˣѵʦܷŹԼ


189 Ŀ
㿴˶ԷĻɣûзϣֻӻȡĿ
ȻſƤһӡ
ƤءĹһ˲˿ٶһ¿ƤءĹһγǰ
ǺǰͬǣλƤءĻǣĹǰȺĴá
ЦЦȻ˵ôҴӦ˰ɣӽԺֻҪԹԵ겻𡣡
л˵ĺͣӽԺΨ֮Ǵӡ
ĵͷȻӻȡֽӣֽӵһ£ƤĹ̾ͻһ̣뵽ֽ֮С
һ֮һ۵鼸ͰĲˣǽǸܿˡ
ҲһʱȵصڵзҲ١
µԣΪԼ׼ڶڵصĻƱ
һûˣոսӹ绰Ľܿһɴ򿪹ˡ
ΪԻƻûĵǣ㣬ˡ
ķչȴ־Ϊתƣ㽭ҵĺǸ֣ûµĹͱʰˣڼ㽭ĿܣҲ군ˡ
һǼ㽭ǼήҪʧǳһʲƸ
ǶסˣĺԼĸкһˡ
ܿ̾˿˿ԼԵҡҡͷҲ֪ôԼŮ˾ȻӰĵ
ǺǰԼԵԸȫĲͬѵǻ˵Ե֣
ܿ˴ȻְѱӸϣȻ뿪ҵ˿
Žܿó˵绰ͨǸǳĺ롣
ǽܿʱûðɣ
绰ǱߴһĮ˵
ҹòá
ʲô¶绰Ǳߵûκε仯
ֻܿûĺëֱը
ôͨѵĲ֪ҷʲô𣿡ܿȻ˵һıȴûκεĻͣ˫ìѾǳˡ
˵㽭ĻǱģѾкˣԼʲôӰ졣
ҾͷˣûµĻҾ͹ҵ绰ˡ
ʱԷڳһЩһȣڶȫϿɡ
ԷҲ֪ܿڵĴ
ܺá
ӣǿˣ˶ʦЩ˿ɲǺ׶ԸģϿɣڼʮְȫ
ҲЩѪͬ۵ġ
绰Ǳ仰ʮֵˣСƢˣЩ׵Ӱ죬Ҫ֪ҪΪѪūܣӦöݸеԺ
ţȻĶӣҲѪҪһ˵ÿĵر
̾˿Ȼ˵ĻҲûа취ҴӦĸףһᱣȫ
һνܿûзԼȷʵܵв
ɣһʦȥ˷ǳͨӦܹ㡣
ܿԥһ£˵֣лл
˽ܿ˵ĸлǳĸˡ
ûмǴĻһζ˵ллһסģӣҲҪסԶҵĶӣļ̳ˡ
绰Ǳ˵仰֮󣬾Ͱѵ绰ˡ
ܿڹ˵绰֮һɳʹĻ䡣
ԭܿ˲ͨˣѪͨĻѪ
ܿ˵ĸһʶܿ˵ĸ׵ģʱܿ˵ĸ׻֪ĸһѪֻǱķ
˫ܿ˰ӣǽ飬ȴýܿ˵ĸϲ
һѪ˵һԼѪǷǳѵģѪһ㶼óӵӵк
һز֪ǲйأܿ˵ĸ׾Ȼˡ
ʱܿ˵ĸϲ񣬲Żеʱܿ˵ĸҲۿɼٶȥ
ܿ˵ĸʹ˸ַҲûֶֹġ
ֱһܿ˳ˣĸ׵Ҳߵ˾ͷ
Ӵ˽ܿ˵ĸ׾ͰԼӵľȫе˽ܿϡ
˽ܿ˺һ޾Ȩľܿ˽һ峤ļ̳ˡ
ܿ˸տʼһֱ֮УʱƣҲо˸˺ԼĲͬ
Щ˴ԷֻǺһЩɫҺ塣
տʼ꼶СĽܿ˶ԴȻ⣬Ҳûʱƣܿĳ󣬽ӴҲԽԽ࣬Ҳ֪ԼһȺѪ֮С
ܿ˶ԼĸԼȫѪʵǳĲ⣬˵ǺԼһѪ˼ȵ
ʹ£ܿ뿪˼壬һƴ
ܿ˵ĸ׶ȻǳʧȴûֹӣĬĬĹ۲ԼĶӣΣʱ̸֧֡
һΣܿ˵ĸŷްͽӵӴΣյʱʱ̾ʹӼѡȡǳĺʦҹԶȥԼĶӡ
ܿ˵ĸ֮Ľܿ˵İΣǻһԭ򣬾ǲ֪ʲôʱʼҲ˱仯Ѫʼļ١
ڴѪ٣ʵҲǷǳСԭʱһѪЩ˼ֱϲ̨档
ܿ˵ĸ峤ʵͣҲֻһССӾڣȴһ峤ŷеĳУҲһĴɫ
ǲʦ˵ǴʦʵڼǰҲһոŵͨʦ
ᣬѾǷǳˣ˵ĵ֮һ
ܿ˷µ绰һʵҲǷǳµġ
Ϊ֪һ棬ԲŸеη塣
һҲܹĽѵ֪ӵгȺ֮һ
ԼȫĳΪѪĻûš
֪ǣʹΪѪǰҲֻһСɫ
ʱҵŴˣ괩һӼҵ·Ĵ˳Ȼߵ˽ܿ˵ԣ¡
Žܿüͷ۾ɳϣеһۡ
ֻ֪ԼǶŬģTе֮˻ĵϷʼ´ƴ
ز죬Ҫ¿геļѿ֪Ȼһ԰æǽܿ˵ȻǷǳļѡ
Ϊ꿴˺ȫͬԸ
ǰϰƽӹƽȣֻҪһڷԣͲᴴ¡
ǰĽܿȴһȫͬҰģĶᰲ״ֻ᲻ͣǰܡ
ԸĽģڵȻʧȥ˶ŮĸȨԼľȴûһ˿һĺڡ
ʱܿҲоߣ۾΢΢ЦЦȻͷȻ§ԼĻС
˾ӵţҲһ֮ܰС


190 ףɿ
˵ڵϾͳ½ķɻ뿪㽭֮׶תڵڶϵʱ򣬾ͻصTС
ڻص֮ӭŮ
λСѾܳʱûмˣڼվűߣȻһӾĻУȻһСһǲͣ§Ÿ׵ĲӾͲˡ
ŮǸС׺꣬Ҳ˫צץĿȣͣҡβ͡
㿴С궯Щ֣ôһһҡβͣ
ŮĲӣֵ۾˳ĿһֻСβҡ˹һ
󷼷ҲЦˣȻ˵Ǻʹѧġ
ףǼ˱Ķ𣿡
ţүүһɫĴ󹷡
˱Ů߽䣬ȻĴҡ
˵Ĵأô
ְɵʱǴ󹷳ȥʱ䣬ûҲ𣿡
ȻεҡҡͷŮûκεİ취ֱ˸ĸҡ
һžͼĸףΰڴϣϰŴʯ࣬Ƕֻŷš
ΰӻˣֻǵͷȻͼֻߡ
㱧Ů˴ߣȻʵô
ôԵ¡
ЦЦȻ˵ûôأһλơ
ûѣȷʵһλؼҵĿ֮һ
ںҲ޳ڵˣķ˳ʩչڸ˸ֵ
ǰһʱʱΰϼҵҽԺУ˶ӣ㲻㶯֣ΰǳԺصԼļУҲܹз
ΰ֪һЩı£ô˵۾ҲˣҲʼ
ܲܰ쵽ǿջϲһɣ
ܲܰ쵽֪ˡ
ΰ˶ӵĻǸԼĴԶ˵ҿСʱô
㱧ŷߣĸϸ˿ݣЦˡ
ӣӦǹòѽ
ȥ㽭һȦóԺúд˼죬ⲻְͻ𣿡
ף֪ȥ㽭һдҪ죬˵ô򵥣ɲ˵ơ
ʱһα򿪡
һֱߵС꣬ſһ˲䣬̾ʹд˳ȥ
һͼĸһ׹߽ңСڴ׹ʮֵ˳
׹֮󣬲ûİ죬ǰȱᣬȻԱߡ
㿴׹˳Դ
׹Ķûκεĵӣ˳ӵԴǱ߿˿
ΰڴϣЩ⣬˵⹷ǲҲ²˵ʹһ£ôͷǳ˳ӣ
ƲɷһۣȻû˵ǻΪ׸ոջؼҵʱ򣬱ˡ
һԵķҲǲͣĵͷ׸ҵʱүүùӴء
ΰϰŮһ֣ȫûмֻ֮ܰͷƲһߣ۲Ĳ
ǸСſڴ׵ԱҡɵĴβͣһֱ׵ĸա
㿴ԾˣôСꡣ
ߺߵһЦȻ˵һոСĸС̼ҸˣؼС׾Ͱˡ
ڲŻȻ򣬹ֲСҡβҡô˳ԭǺ͸ѧġ
׺ҲС굱Լĺӣֻ£Ѹ©˳ȻͷСë
ҡҡͷСİԼһˡ
𷼾ͿʼæµԼĶӺò׻һˣȻҪһٺõġ
ΪԼҲҪΪְֻ˸𷼵Բͣİæ
ûʮͱϳ˳ΪȻһŮˣԳȴó˿˵ԽԽæʵܲˣŽСϳˡ
죬˵ڿɳϣΪǿ
ʱСһӴܵ˷ȼ䣬ȻԴ°ϲ˲䣬ο
ɵСףҲ¶Цݣһ°ڻУʼë
ڳʱԶֽױϣƵ˿
һһԲˣΰȻȶˣȻºܸߣȼˡ
㿪ʼ׼ΰˡ
һ˶ҪҲǳĺ棬رǷСĸԣһһϸĹ۲졣
ЦЦøƽɳ֮ϣȻڿϰķıȻ׼һЩֽ
һеķǴӹģףɿơ
ഫʱβʮƣףɿԪ̫ҽԺʮơ
ףɶ֣ҽ顶ʡνϹ֮β÷ҩֻҪ׾񡢱任ʣʩչף֮ɴﵽЧ
ף֮вҩڵģƼһַΪơơۿơơڳʺơǿơơۿơ׿ơؿƺƵȡʹף֮βձ鱻˽ܺصҵףʦʹý䷨ף֮
һΪԼιۣҪʹףɿƵ۷
ֻȻһŷ䣬һŷףɷĸһ˿û͡
ִܹػһܹʹ÷ˣѾǷëǣɻ˸һûС
֮ŷ˸׵֮󣬿ԪӦԪӦ棬ҵԪԪ棬㡣
֮һϵķ䣬Ƿ̾Ϳʼȼ
ֵȻȼգϱߵȼյĻҽȴûһһͣת
һԵĸʹһɫĸ̾Ͱ׼õİ״˹ȥ
ӹ״룬еķҳ״һ
Щһ״УͺߵˮΪһ塣
ˮ׵ԣʾ⸸һ£ĸΰ̾ſ죬㽫ˮֱӾΰС
ΰȻˮզզ죬Ȼֵ㣬˼˵ûκηӦѽ
Ͳףվɮ٤߸㡣
֮󣬾еһƣⲨƺܿӵΰϡ
ⲨƵӣΪ֮оղźȥˮȻһʼͣߣʼеԼĶȴ
ΰ;ԼŵĶȿʼޱȣҿԱߵ磬ֱӾͰΰְסĻΰܰԼϵʯҿ
㿴Ÿףͨ죬ȫ²ͣŤ֪ԼķӦǳˡ


191 ⻤
ΰ֮а˽һСʱϵķֹͣ
ΰǴˮ̳һ¶Ѿˮ͸ˡ
ǰȥۣԼ׵Ȳȥ
ֻΰڵȲѪҺڵϢܹȻͨ
ǣԼ׶˵ȣȻȫˡ
ֻҲ棬˸̾ǣ֮ûκιۺİ̺ۣȫûܹһ
ĵͷȻԸ˵ûˣ쵽ҽԺϵĺõĻܹʯˡ
ΰ˶ӵĻЩŰɣԼʯȣֻĲԭʱʱĴʹˡ
٣ܻá˵֮ΰվ𣬵Աߵһƾͷϡ
ĸˣôģӲ˵˵ʵһ졣
ΰֻεʵĸо˵ԼӦȫָˡ
ڶ糿ŸΰֱӵһҽԺǰȥ顣
˹ǿƺ֮󣬵˽һСʱֵΰˡ
ңŵһҽλ̬ȷǳĺơ
ﲻѽ
ǹ˺óʱ䣬ڸоѾˣһ¿ܲܲʯˡ
λҽ˵ͷȻҪΰǰCTX⡣
ͶӰ¿˿ȻЦ˵ֻͨĹۣһĸƬӣҪûʲôµĻͿԲʯˡ
˵֮ҽΰ۶೤ʱˣ
ΰһۣ֪ôشѵ˼ҽ˵ֻһ
ҲˣæĻش˵˰ɡ
ҽ˵ͷû˵ʲôˣž͸㿪CTX⣬ȥ顣
黹˳ʮһʱм鶼ˡ
»صҵʱϴǵأһǣЦŽӹƬӣϸ˿Ȼ˵ָķǳãͺûܹһ
˵仰ִ֮һΰ˵Сϵ岻ѽǴСӹˣҲǻ̶ֳָˡ
ΰ֪˵ʲôֻǺߺ߹Ӧȥ
ǲʯˣߵ˰Сʱΰʹ߳ˡ
߸ŵǸǶΰأ˸պãɲҪҪϢҪٴι۵Ļ鷳ˡ
ΰͷʾȫҽ
ƹΣΰЦϣȻҽǡ
һ¥ΰֱӾվˣȻ첲ȡ
ǽˣ㲻֪⼸ڴţжܡ
һĲ˼ΰڣϾܻðɡ
Ѿ۹۲ΰƣ֪Ѿȫϣ˾Ƕ˼¡
߳ҽԺȻ򳵻ص˼ҡ
һžͼһߵſڣӻϿȥȥȥùˡ
ǰʱףԴ㵱˵ʿǰ¶һ֮ڶЩŵŲɡ
Цһ£ⶫĹõĻҪЩʿʲô
ĸ׵ĻҲֻˣȴӻϿȥ
ΰǵʱǱȼյĺܺõĻ裬ͻȻһ¾Ϩˡ
ɫʱͱˡ
ȻڿЩ鲢ʮţڱϾһЩ
ۣٴΰȥ
һֻһ
ʱΰϻûκε״ȴһϲͣĻơ
⼸ԣɢĺΰˣһֱڱΰĻ°ΰѾǻˡ
ɫǳѿѾӦ˸ΰʩ˷䡣
ʶЩУȺгģӦþǸܿˡ
ѽһûȥ鷳㵽ԸˣȻôղײգϾ͸
֮ǰҪȽ׵飬ϾԵѾŵɫˡ
ΪЩ˼Լɷһ裬ˣôһΪɷдˡ
ԱߵĸЦЦȻο˵ûʲôӦ󡣡
ȻһΰǾ³ţ⣬㻹ڵĸЦ˵µһ»裬һΡ
Ȼк£Ȼǰ˼ȥˡ
ԭһֱûбΰˣϾһüϡ
ûʲô°ɣΰҲЩ¡
û£һЩС⣬ھܽ
˵֮󣬾ͽ̤Χΰת
ת˼Ȧ֮ͻȻͣΰǰȻڣ޺ƽ٣֤ͨ⣬Ω۶н⣬ӳ֮֮ţأȺգ飬йͬӭʹ飬ɥ־Σ۽ڣ֣̳ͥ
귨֮ͻȻһֵΰüġ
ĶΰϺͱһܵЩһգ̾ͻΪ̳ʧ˿С
ʱ±򿪣ŻſڣȻĵĿΰ
һЦЦȻĸ׵ļ
ΰԴӸղʩ˷֮;ϺһֱţЩѾȫĲӰ
֮⣬ΰԼҲʼ
ΰŶЦЦȻ̧žͿ˻衣
һΰ¹裬ǻȴûκεı仯Ȼܵȼա
һȻǰȥΰϵĳȻ˵ȻǶ˵ⶫͲá
ЦҡҡͷȻһ˻֮һӣǱȼȵĻ̾Ϩˡ
˼УӭǵȻǷСѣԼףС
ڼ׼һӺòˣΪ⸸Ӷ˽ӷϴͬʱҲȥȥùˡ
һ￪ȴ֪ڼǧ֮SУһѾҳһš
ԭʩչ䣬ΰϵɭϢȫΡ
һ乩һĿĵķ䣬ͷ˴¡
Ǽ䷿кúõĵͻȻ֮ܵĳĴǵֱ۾ȻϢĶˡ
ֻĻʲôңǽǶ˵ֱۣȻʼðһḷ́һ˲Ͱıȫ֡
еԱʼܵһʲô鶼ǷǳĵùˮǺѪ¥ݶˤĸͷ
ֻĻһܹܣǽ͸ӿֲˣһʦ⣬ֱӾͰԼָ


192 
еͨӶȻǵùǻҪǵǸ֮λʩȴܡ
λһģˣͷϲ߰ëﲻͣ赸
ǵһֻ첲ĵ䣬һɺͻȻľӿ֮С
ǸԾǳḻһ֪ãֻͻȻڵǰȡһֻذףֱӾͰԼСĴָˡ
СĴָ뿪壬ڵǹɺͻȻľʹӶָӿ˳Ȼ͵СĴָ
СĴָôһ֣̾ۿɼٶήȥȵȫɢȥСĴָѾֻʣİ׹ǡ
ŷһҽУȻԼָʹҡ
һصĴ̵ĴУ˸ϿоȻ
ڱеȻ⵽ֵù£ǻûΣգλһԸЩ˾͸Ͻİ绰Ĵ绰æһš
һ߸ոոλסָһ߾Ȼ͵ˡ
λ˱͵ҽԺ
ȻǷǳ˵ģҲԼǶ˵ָֻǾô·һ£ӴԺֻܵмˡ
ҽҪסԺģǼĲͬ⣬˼ҽҲû취ֻܸ˵ҩˡ
ȵ»ص֮̾Ͳͨһ绰
ιķɭ¶𣿡
үҪԸǸ˺һ˿κβ˶ԷӦðФҲɹ
Էôʦκβ
ǵģû뵽Ļĸ֡
绰Ǳߺһ룬Ȼ˵ФԱңҲ֪Է᲻бûа취Фɹȥ
ķɭ֮ЩˣȻôεҾӦͣ
ķɭ˵ǳĲȫûаԼɽܿ˵
ҲģķɭĩʱʩչһЩˣǷëǣÿһǼ޴ĲƸ
ǽܿҲָܹʹķɭ
ðɣȻɡܿЭˣΪ˽ԷԸķɭȥġ
Ըķɭ˵绰֮󣬳һ
ķɭ׼ˣϵĿʼʰԼĶ׼̵뿪ط
˵ڵ㣬ڰø׺ĸ֮󣬱Ҵҵ뿪˼ңȻصԼĵۡ
»ص֮̾Ͳ˷̳һٺͽܿССֵˣһҪҪС
һΣҪʹһִ˵еơһƷûнⷨһƣһغ
ƣȻַƺơ
Ҫ˵Ʊʩչʮˣĺ˼պѪ
Ҫ˵ľӦˣƿԶŶԷƬʩƣԲһȡ
˵ԲҲԶԵģնԲȻˡ˵˵ԲҲǲ֢֮Ǳɡ
ܿ˵ƬԭȾУһֱʡˣһֱӼһľϣԼķ̳ǰ
֮ȸĽܿ˵Ļļͷ
⵹ǣԽܿжô𾴣ΪҪʩչķɡ
Ҫֺ֪˵ķзɵģֻЩķʦƽ֮
һضͷƽ֮
ͷ֮ܿ˵ϣǸܿ˼Ļ㡣
һ֮վ̨ǰдʣԽָŽܿ˵ĻʼȱȻ
һԼڵڵٵתųһɹɵķȻ˳ž֡
꣬еǷѾʼģŲ֮
ֶ̧ܿ˵Ƭͻӳһơ
ֵĻӳǹɲ֮һӾ͸˽ܿ˵Ƭ֮ϡ
ڻ꣬һι򵹿ͷȻдʡ
ͻȻĳһɳһһһӾͰѽܿ˵Ƭϵһ
ǸڽܿƬϵĲ֮Ҳһ˲ͨ˽ܿ˵ϡ
÷ˣվ˶Ȼ󽫷̳ϵһйƷԼܿ˵ƬȫһȻ˵۵ĺɽ֮󣬷һѻˡ
̫ˣͲʹҾˣеȫʡԡ
㷨ʩչɣڼǧ֮SУں˵ЦĽܿͻȻĴһսһ߹ι
ǰ飬ܿ˸Ͳ⣬Դʶ㱻ʩټϼ˼ʦЩιҲʼעˡ
˽ܿЦźֵЦ˼䣬վµϿʼ绰
Фһ£ҸղŸоһЩͷ
õģھڼҲҪȥϾ͹ȥ
ܿ˵֮µĹ˵绰ȥһ˵Цһ߿ӡ
ֹʮӣ꼱æվȥš
һվһ׺ӵİͷ
Ǹͷò˵ǽܿļ𣿡
Ȼʶˣ˵ܿ˵֣Ϊǽܿ˵أǾ˵ǵģѽнܿˣ𣿡
ûʲôҪ飬ĸҹ
һǽܿ˵ĸרλ̽ܿ˵ģǸϽý˿
ܿ˿˽оһ˿ɣȻЦվһӵ
Фþò
ܿˣҵѣĸ׿ʮֵ㡣
ˣǲҪ˵Щˡ
Фܿ˲׵飬̾ͱ졣
꿴Фͽܿ˺ʲôҪ˵Ǳ֪Ȥĵݵ֮С
ȵңФϸĴܿˣһФĶˡ
ԭǰ쿴Žܿ˻ǳĺãǽٿܿˣһɲǱҿӲĻᡣ
ܿһǳеˣФü֪ЩãǱϽʵô£ѵֱʩ˷
ФҡҡͷȻ˵ʱ㱻ʩ˷ҿǱżҷǳأҽ컹ǵҽԺȥһ
֮ܿһֻҪǲ䣬Ǿȫúˡ
ڵҽˮƽټĲƣʲôѵסǼҡ
ФܿϷ񲻰ѼЩģǴȡһˮ
Ȼղŵ˷Ҿ͸ϸһǴĶ˴¡
ܿʼ磬ÿɷ񣬾ФʩΪ
Фˮ˽ܿ˵ǰˮĶͷһ£Ȼˮܿ˵ǰھһҵʱͣסˣȻпʼ
ˮʼһĲƣⲻܿɨӣһӻ˽ܿ˵ǰ


193 ֢
Ⲩһܿ˵ǰ̾Ϸĵ
ÿһεⲨƵɫһЩȵⲨɨܿ˵ʮ֮ԭĲѾѪɫ
ڣǸФɫѾ÷ǳѿ
ԭФֻΪܿ˵ʲôˮ̽壬ȴֽܿ˵Ѿһַǳķ
һѪɫĲʧ˿ռ֮УФ°ˮ˲輸ϣȻһƨɳϿʼ
ܿ˶ڸղŵҲǷǳĺ£ΪǺɫƵĵҲоһ쳣аڲͣ˶ҪѪȫҪһ
ôФ鷳ܴɣ
鷳ĺܴ󡣡
ܿ˶ԷĻоһȻԼķȣǿЦһ£Ȼ˵Ȼ鷳ǾͽⲻĿ𣿡
Ф֮һĿЦû뵽鷳
ղˮУѾ˽ܿһɭѪϢϢѾӵ˽ܿ˵Ĺ֮УһǲǺö
ٽǰһʱܿķɭ飬ӦǸʦıˣû뵽ʦĸɴֱ࣬Ӿ֡
黹ǵķɭ֮һ²ܹ֮ǰȥҽԺһˣһ嵽׳ʲô⡣
ѵǽ𣿡ܿʵȥҽԺģΪµõõĽԼܵ޴Ĵ
ڵҽѧܷˣеʱЩʦϣ㻹ǵҽԺһ
ðɣԸ
Ф˵ͷȻ˵ϵķɭҽԺ֮ټ档
Ф˵֮վˡ
ܿϴǿ΢ЦФͳȥڹŵһ˲䣬ܿϾûЦݡ
ʱҲгܿ˵ǰɫǳĲÿæȥסֱʵʲô¶𣿡
ûʲô˵ģ̸һЩϵ飬ФΪɫãӦȥҽԺһô
֮ҲϽϸ˿ܿ˵ɫȷʵЩ̬
ǻİɡ
ðɣȻҲôΪȥһҽԺ
ڵڶ糿ľܿ緹
ڳԷʱ귢ֽܿ˵ɫǳĲ԰ףиӵĵǡ
ܿҲоԼĲԾڳ극֮󣬽ܿҲñ˴ˣʹżæŵȥҽԺ
ҽԺ֮󣬽ܿҲ֪ԼùһƣϾԼϻûκεĲʡ
һ⣬ҼƣȻȫļһ¡
ܿǴ˵˼ƹ˺ţСʱֵǣϾ˼ڵļȫǰػźŵģȥ磬ͻǰҽ
Ƶҽ˽ܿ˵Ҫ֮ҲЩ˿ЩɵѽûʲôܵģҽԺʲô㿴ϻԼò
˵ķϣǸҽΪ˸ֵļ顣
һʼûˣȵȫʱѾˡ
ڵڶܿ˺ٴҽԺһһȡ˼ĽȻ͵λҽǰ
λƵҽտʼôģΪŽܿ˵ͲԲΪʲôļ
ż鵥һҳһҳĴϹȥɫҲı󻹲ʱĿ̧ͷܿһۡ
ҽ״ҲĽܿ˷ˣѾȥԼһ鷳ˡ
ҽȫ鵥̧֮ͷϴ΢ЦԽܿ˵ûʲô£һЩСëȥһ£ҿҩ֮ļһȥȡҩ
ܿҲûôɵҽô˵֪ҽҪ֧
ǽܿ˳˵֪ȨϣʵĺҵĲ飬Ҳһơ
ҽûлشܿ˵Ļ̧ͷ˿꣬˼
ܿ־ǳǿҽʲôֱ˵ɡ˵
ҽ˵ͷȻ˵ãһ׿飬Ŀǰ֪ʲôǸݼıӦһ
ܿ⻰֮ɫʹˡ
ΪܿƽҲǹһЩϵҽƱҪٰ֪Ǳ֢֮ס
λƻϴ󣬲ҲΪֲȥ
ܿԽԽ£ҲѾʼЩ̱ˡ
ڶҽԿ˽ܿ˵ͷǼæİο
ܿҲڵĺ£ҽѧôһܹġ
˵ʱλҽֿ˿꣬Ȼ˵λŮʿڽסԺȻ֪ͨļơ
̧ͷ˿ܿˣܿǿЦһ£Ȼ˵һҪһ£ʹҪסԺҲҪһ¹˾顣
ҽÿɷֻһڲִִУǲ˵ɡ
ðɣȻˣǽܿȻȥҽĽǶ˵ǽ㾡סԺơ
ܿ˵ͷȻվλҽ֮󣬾ĵ߳˷䡣
æȥŽܿˣ˾겻Ļص˼ҡ
ؼ֮ܿ̾ͰԼɳϣȻʼĳ
û뵽Լô͵õֲۿžҪ뿪õ硣
ֻԱߣͷԼĻУͣİο
ڵĽܿʮֵĴҪ˹ػʱڶİǼһЩ
˺һܿƽ飬Ȼ뿪ĻȻǿЦ˵ûʲôֲȻ£ʵҲûʲô˵ĵġйβãǿȥ
ܿ˵仰֮ǿͷȻһȥ鷿ˡ
ܿ鷿ǰһ˳˼˺óʱ䣬ΪԼ㡣
ּ˵֢֮ܿ˵õ˾ҵļ
Ψһ˼ǻȥ
ڿ˺ܳʱ֮󣬽ܿ˼ѵĴӻȡֻȻǸ˴ȥ˵绰
ιǽܿðɣǸ˶ڽܹܿ绰Ƿǳ˵ġ
Ǻܺã
ҵĺӣʲô¶𣿡
ҿϾҪȥϵˣǲ֪ϵղѪĶӡܿԳػһ䡣
Ҳ˽ܿеǷϡ
ҵĶӣκ鶼ҪɥҪסıվǿ塣
ðɣһӮˣҵٰڵûа취ҵˣҪȥֻɱѪˡ
Զһ£ƽ˵㲻ϣΪѪĻҲҪģϻŷҽˮƽҪȻķһЩӦÿɿа취
ȻʮֵϣԼĶӼ̳壬ϣǿԼĶӣΪϣ̳һõ


194 Ѫ
ܿ˵绰˵ĹĵĻҲһů
绰Ǳߵ˼ܿû˵æе˵ҵĶӣҲǿһԸ飬ҪǸϿصŷޣ廹ûгױϿơ
ܿһ룬Ȼ˵һҪ죬Ȱ֮ͻȥ
ûа취ֻ˵ðɣԼͺãΪ׵ңȻϣϿصŷޡ
ллĹģһԼǵġ
װĶӣ㲻صִҽˮƽ޷ѪҲкüְ취ȥ
лл򲻵ǲ᳢Եġܿ˵仰ͬʱҲеһΪ֪Щ취ÿһô˶ġ
ܿ˵仰͹˵绰Ȼ鷿֮˳Ĭ
˵һŷ޵ĹųǱ֮Уһڷµ绰֮ҲԳǳ
ܿͻָԼԼƽ֮¸ͨһ绰
ʲô¶
ҵĶӳʲô飬ղҴ绰˵˰֢ҰߣѵһҲûйĹĽ𣿡
Բҵˣǰʱŷֽܿ⡣
Щɣ֪ʲô취ܾҵĶӡ
һߵФͣһ£Ȼε˵ļʵû̫İ취ҪƵĻֻʹúñ˵ܿˡ
Ѫһ룬Ȼ˵ҵĶʮַЩʱʹñķڵǸϽŷޡ
õģȥӽܿˡ
ѪһȻͻȻʵܿ˵ʲô飿ڻģҲԸϿŷβ
˵ЦܿǸĳԴףȻӮˣǸ˵ĳȴûн͡
ԭ
Ҫ·ŹʱһߵФͻȻ˵ˡ
ͽܿԴ׵ˣǻĵһʦҷǳб£ܿѾϼγ˱ˡ
Ȼ˶Խܿĳޣôʧ컹ķɭ죿
װ²ô׵ģķɭѾˣʧˣԼҲܵķɣĽء
Ф˵ʱ˼һ£ڻ˵Լеǡ
ǰҸܿ˼ʱ򣬷вֲȴзĺۼһ˶Խܿʩչʲôȴҿ϶
Ѫ֮ɫͱˡ
Ҫ֪ФǼΪħʦ֮һܹͨеĶħȻ˵зĺۼôͰ˾Ųʮˡ
ٽϺͽܿԵǸһʦô鶼ò飬Ӧ֪ǸĵķʦԽֽܿš
ûа취ħѪʵ
Ҳҿ϶Ҫķɭ֮һٴζԽܿ˽м飬ܵõ϶
Ǻðɣǵȼٰѽܿ˴ȲһϵʩչħĻϣǸ˲Ҫٳ˼䡣
Фһ룬Ȼȷ˵ǸĻҲҿ϶ܹ쵽
Ǿˣ޷ɣôȻԶ֡
Ѫͣһ£Ȼɭ˵Ҿ˺ҶӵˣܹĻϡ
Ѫ˵仰ֱ֮Ӿ͹˵绰
Фŵ绰ʼ磬ȻεĿЦһ¡
λѪүѵ֪ǻ
ΪϹŵʱЩħʿѾ֪ˣħĽء
Ϊ˽ʮħʦ峤ĻǲΥġ
ڵڶ죬Фķɭλħݻܿˡ
˵İݷãܿ׼ֻǵͷ㽫˷䡣
ɳ֮Ф򷿼Ĵ˿ȻʵλòŮѲ𣿡
ܿ˿Цһ£Ȼ˵ȥ˽ҵĲȥˡ
ФͷȻ˵ڣãҪһ»ᳬ󡣡
ܿ濴һۣȻʵ׼ʲô׼ҼѪǷһѶɡ
ʱãҪĻҲǲô졣
ܿεʼ磬ţȻ
ʱһֻĬķɭ˵ˣϣϿΪҵʱ䲻࣬ûй˵Ц
ܿ˶ķɭĻûκεıԹֻǿФһۣ˼Фʲôʱʼ
Ȼҵʱ䱦ôھͿԿʼˡ
Ф˵֮һȻŽܿ˵Ҫ÷鿴ǲıħϮˡ
ϤɣڿʼҾǵСˡ
ФҡҡͷȻķɭһۡ
ķɭĬĬĴӻȡһģߣȻͷϡ
֮ķɭվʼڿ֮赸ķɭ赸ܿʼһ˿ɭɭϢԽԽء
ܿоԼѾǴ˼䣬ڵĳһ䡣
ֲʣܿ˷ǳĲӦɳŤŤƨɣȻФǱ߿˿
ФԿ˽ܿ˵ĲͷǶЦЦȻļ˼ɣؽš
赸ļķɭϵҲʼʻѾǻһּҲʼ鴤
һķɭ赸ͻȻֹͣôľͷһվڿ롣
ֱʮ֮֮ķɭ۾ͻȻѪ죬ѾڵĶ
ⶴвͣðһЩ̣Щ̺ǵܿһһЩҵĺ˿ëȻ
˺һķɭźӦԼ״̬Ȼ̧ͷԼĿ⼯е˽ܿ˵ϡ
ܿ˱Ŀһɨ̾͸оԼʲôﶢˣʼð亹
ҿԱߵФ֣ס˽ܿ˵ĸ첲ýܿ˼
ķɭѪĿ⿴ŽܿˣʱƣĿеѪԽԽʢҪų˺⡣
ѪĹâʼܿ˵壬â룬ܿ˾;һͻȻıȻѪĹâųܿ˵⡣
ܿҲԸоԼߣߣܿ˸оԼ忪ʼܿƵزԼڱȡ
ʱķɭҲѾߴȻ󲻹ܲ˵һƨ˿ĵϡ
Фæǰסķɭ·ɳȻʵô
ǳãܿǱʩչʮֵĴҵķ޷ıʡ
ķɭ˼ѾǳˣȻ޷ıʣôҶҲûκεİ취
Ф¶˹Ȼ˵ı飬ȴûκεĻţѾ׼


195 ħ
ܿԱ˵ĶԻҲˣԼܵĹ
ôҵĲǲǺйأ
Ф˽ܿһۣȻһͷȻ˵
֮ܿ̾ͳĬȥѾԼĲһйϵ
ͬʱжʹѾﵽ˼£Լһȥ
׼ô죿
Фķɭ࿴һ£ȻФ˵ͬĻǻһδ͵ħʽܲڵķۼ
ܿһ£Լʩչ˷Ļ¾ŷ޵ҽˮƽٸߣҲ޷Լ
Ҫȥֻܳһħˡ
ðɣǿھ׼ˣϣϵ鷳
ԸФͷ
һԵķɭüͷȴĺɽһΪǺ㽻ֵģһо£ԼжһָĻԼѾɡ
˵Ҫ֣ѾЩӰˡ
ФѾķɭĹ˼ɣЦ˵һǲԳ֣һٻеħħǲˡ
ķɭФЩħ㻹ҪѶԸҪĶǷǳΪѡ
ܿԱҲķɭ˼ţʩչħʱٻħЩħҪʲôǴŮѪĻôǿɾ鷳ˡ
ǽܿ˸Ͻʵܲ棬Ϊѵ飬ϾǻĲŷޡ
ФҲ֪ǵ˼Ц˵ûʲôĸ׻ᰲźһеģΪѡ
֮ܿоЩҪһϵԼ̾Ͳ˵ˣһʱ䷿˼ž֮С
ФԸоˣЩΣǿ˵ʱҪ£ȽܿϵҪ
˵ʱФܿʵûʱ䣿еĻǸϽʽϵ鷳
ûʲô飬ʱԿʼ
Фͷ֮˵Ļڻȥ׼ҵϢ
ðɣллǣȻҶǵħе񣬵ǶΪȴǳкøС
Фʼ磬εҡҡͷȻʹķɭ뿪ˡ
ʱ򷿼оʣ½ܿһˣ͸ԶͬʱʼҧгݣǷйŶĳ˵ޡ
˵㣬÷ǳ죬ڵ˽ŮѧΡ
ÿ𴲣ȻŮʰ䴩·극֮󣬱ҴææгŮ͵ѧУ
ѵõһɵʱ⣬ûѹŮԣĸҲ߶˵Ծõ
һϣոɳ׼˯ͻȻоԼķһĲЩ֡
˵Ľн˵ǵСڷԼķ֮̾ϥ˶ʼоһ˵⡣
ĸо֮УڤڤеԶԼʩչĳһڱͣĲܴĳһа
Ͼ֪ˣӦԼԽܿʩչƣڶԷڳƳԼķ
ô׵ƻԼļƻĵվϵ۱뿪˼С
ʱѾˣСĵģûһˣ˳¥СĺһƧĵط
֮ϪоͿʼĬĬĹܿ˵
Žܿ˵ԽԽͻȻ̧֣ŰвڵĽܿ󣬱ơ
ʩչ׵֣һصΪȥܿ˵ΪӶԷʩչѶȣܿŵǹһЩԮ
Ȼһ߸ոϣܿһ߾ͷ⡣
ԭڽʱФѾ׼ʩչһС
Ȼĵĸܿ˴һ绰ܿ굽Լı
ܿȻʮֵİ꣬ԼȫǰǶ귢һţȻֱФı
֮ȴѾӣĴѾڿգڵϻһâǡ
âǵϣѾ˰ɫ
ܿüͷȻǿеĲʣվФ˸к
ҵѣǶ׼𣿡
Ф˵ͷȻ˵ֻҪǾͿԿʼˡ
ǻʲôϿ鷳£Һûȥҵ
ФĬĵ˵ͷȻһԵķɭ˿ķɭ̾˼ߵķȥһʹӷѳһֻ߰ӡ
ܿ˿һпɰãЩε˵ÿһΪʲôҪôɰĶѵ󣿡
˵ʵӱҡ
⻰ܿҲЩΡ
֮Фýܿâǵм䣬ȻùǸӣץһֻӣȻȡһ룬ֱӾʹӵԴС
ǻ̾Ϳʼ̱۾Ȼգѽգģûʧȥ
ФֻӷâǵһϣȻ編ȡӣ֮ͬļϡ
Щ׼֮Фķɭһʹɫķɭ򸽽ĴȥȻ󽫴ȫϡ
һ¿֮У̾˺ڰֻâŹâ
Ф㿪ʼEnervateEnervateEnervate
Ф֮вһηʼФڵħںϣȻ䵽âеĽܿϡ
ħ뵽ܿ˵ϣܿڵҲʼɧ
Ƶڽܿ˵ڲͣķʼ֣ɲԼĵٳֱİ
ħʮֵĴһһǽܿ˵壬ҪƵӽܿ˵ųȥ
ҲôöԸģȻտʼʱħѹơ
ʱƣħҲļ£Ƶȴ̾ڽܿ˵ĸпʼٲȻ
һʩФüȻһԿŵķɭʹ˸ɫ
ķɭæǰһߵâһԣȻҲʼFinite IncantatemFinite IncantatemFinite Incantatem
߶һķɭӳʼ˽ܿ˵ڣȻʼֽܿڵƵ
˫£ܿڵƵȻʼķֽ⣬Ȼͣ
վħ֮Фķɭ࿴˿϶¶ЦݣϾҪܿڵĹˡ
ֻҪų⣬ôܿ˵ӦþͲʲôˣʱҲ峤и
Ǹ˵Щ̫ˣƵǴʱͻȻ֮֮дһֱӾͲ䵽֮ڡ
õĲ䣬̾ʼ͵һ𣬾Ȼħһ̾˽ܿ˵ڡ


196 ʵ䷴
ФһϾˣǶԷѾԼж
ɶԷͣʩԼһûа취ܿڵĲʹġ
ФǰһȻħš
ФĶڰ֮кγһɽɫâɵĻ֣ܿ˺âȫıС
ķɭҲûеģФ˽ɫ֮Ҳǰȡ˻еһɫҩƿȻһףҩƿڵ£ӳĺ
Щ뿪ҩƿ֮󣬾ɢݣҪӳطķɭͻȻĿڴȣȻһָЩεĸ˽ɫĹâ֮ϣϱγһ֡
ФڰħԽԽǿǿʼ˳âһܿ˵ӣܿͽܿڵƵһѹơ
һҲ֪ʲô£ƵʩչħҲ޷佫ӽܿ˵Ƿֽ⡣
Фûа취ֻǼֻˣֻһFinite IncantatemFinite IncantatemFinite Incantatem
ǼֻѾ̱ڵصģͻȻĿʼҲ֪Լ˵ĵ
âеĽܿˣоһɿ죬ΪǹƵѾʼ˳âǣӡ
âħİ£ܿڵƵǱĵˣڿʼӡ
ƵҲǳʵȻ˵ʼӣǶȴǳһҲ߲ȥ
ԽԽӽӣƵжҲԽԽǽܿ˵һɹƵӳܿ˵ڡ
Фķɭ£ټâǷϣǹҲĿʼƵӵֻӵϡ
ˣФķɭ࿴˿ӶԷ￴һϲ
һϰٱס˽ܿ˵
˵ħеƵֳɣܿ뵽ֻӵϡ
ֻƵӵ֮󣬾ͿʼѪһ±ûϢ
ڣе˶һһħǳɹˡ
Ǽ˵Ҫףʱ򣬳ַ䡣
ֻǸ6ֻϵǹɹͻȻĴȥϰĳȻѸײڶ֮ƣ»ص˽ܿ˵֮ڡ
ФķɭҲǳԾСΪѾ˽ܿϵ⣬û뵽֮»ص˽ܿ
âеĽܿˣڱµӵϣ̾;øʹޱȣʹܹͨܵģҲ˲ʲôâǺˣֱӾڵϴ
Фķɭæǰȥѽܿ˷ʱĽܿѾ۵ɫ࣬ɫ
ФһķɭȻ˵ϿҽԺɡ
ķɭͷæõ绰ȥоȻ
ʱФеĽܿˣѾǻԹȥ
Фһʹ̽ħФˮУܿ˵ӵĻˡ
ֻڵĽܿ˻Ѿ֣ЩһͣڽܿȥŽܿ˵Ϣ
Фüͷûչˣô£ѾܿڵɹϣӦúӵһڣôڷӵǿ
Ф˼ʱ˾Ȼľ˼˻
ھȻԱİ£ܿľͰѽܿ͵ҽԺҽԺһ鷢֣ܿ˵Ĳֽһصģڵİ֢Ҳתơ
Фķɭ˲֪ôˣǵħķãûסܿ˵Ĳ飬ӵ
ûа취Фֻķɭȥܿ˵ļУӹչ˽ܿˣԼԶŷ޵˸绰
绰е֪ԼĶӲ֮Ҳǳżֵ̾µ˸׼ɻҪ̷ɵȥ
ȵڶϣԼݿ˵Ĳ֮ȣǣڽܿ˵ĴһλʮŵĻŮԡ
Ķڲϣɫʮֵ㲣Ӿӵһ
ȻѾ˼ˣѾûĸ飬ӵʱȻһɱ֮ӿ
ܺõĿԼ΢Ц˵ͷ
Ȼ˽ܿ˵Ĵߣʵôðɣ
Ǻǣ㿴ˣϾҪΪͬˡ
վԱǵĻЩĪ
ʱФ˵ܿ˵ĸҪĲһͷһˣ˵ЩĪĻЩͷԣͬʱҲһֲõԤС
Ľܿ˵Ȼ˵ӣ㲻ΪǵһԱôھ͵ûơ
ܿεĵͷ˵Ļŷһˡ
˽ܿ˵Ļ¶Цݣ˵뷨˵Ѿˡ
˵仰ֶ֮Լ˵ȥҪŽܿˣͳ˷ɻŷޡ
˵仰ֿ֮˿վԱߵ꣬Ȼ˵λŮʿǷҪҵĶһߣ
Ȼ˭Ҳ޷ֿҺͽܿˡ
֮ĵͷΪղ˵Ǿ仰Ҳ̽ꡣ
Ϊִѧܿ˵ĲѾ˷ǳصĵزŷ޵ҽƼҲûа취ؽܿ˵ˣʱȻԸչɼĶĵġ
վӻȡһСӣݵǰ
ǽܿĸģӦý㱣ˡ
ڲϵĽܿ˿׵ľٶ¶һ˿ǿЦݣΪӸ׵жпѾĵλ
ʱӹӣȻŶĴ򿪣ԭںһǳƯ
Щϵĸ鱦˵ԵǷǳĺᡣ
˵зǳر塣
겢û̾ǿ˿ԱŵĽܿˡ
ܿ΢΢ĵ˵ͷʾ
˽ܿ˵İʾ꣬ŸҽյԼĻУȻ󹧹ĸһ
ллһúġ
˵ͷû˵ʲôˡ
ȵʱ򣬽ܿ˵ĳԺѾףȻһȺҽԱܿ˻͵˻
ϷɻʱרŽסФķɭ
ʱûȥڻģϣ̵ʱҶӳʧϢ
Фķɭ࿴˿ֻεĽ峤
λ峤Ҳ֪һζԸʮԱߵһ֡
һʱѾ׼ˡ


197 ħ
ӱнӹӣȻصĵݵФϡ
ǳΣգǲܷϣҲǳ޴ϣСĵʹá
ФӹĴһһ;һаϢӳϢһӴФ۹⣬̾Ķ߿ʼ
µԣΧФԼҲʼ׹ˡ
ФҲžͽӺ£ȻһŰ˸ղŵ
ФĶһпȴûκεֹ
ֱФ۾˵ǵԶԸǸˣǾħȥԸɡ
˵ʱ¶һ˿ı顣
Ȼ˵ʮֵΣգȴǼǧı
һħͷǹǣħʦܹƾͷǹǣٻеĶħȻħȥΪԼһ顣
ȻѾĩʱڣЩԶŵʥħѾʧˡ
ƾͷǹǣħʦȻܹͨˣȻֻħʵ硣
ΪͷǹǶǸħ˵ǳҪֻҪǸħû䣬һŹµûԼͷǹǵĻᡣ
Ф˵ͷȻ˵ҿ԰쵽飬Һٻħ֮󣬻ʵ޴ѡ
ЦҡҡͷȻ˵ħȻǿ󣬵ĹǰȻʮֵСҲܹݵʵᣬڹͣų£˶೤ʱ䡣
Ф֮һðɣԸһǸʦͷȥġ
Ҿ͵ĺϢˡ
˵֮ת˷ɻ
ɻܵϻУԽԽ֮ԾգʧС
ФӶԱߵķɭЦһ£Ȼ˵һ¡
ķɭʱɫǳѿѾࡣ
ΪӡУٻħһǳΣյ飬Ϊħ˼άǲ뷨ȥǵģǸͲ֪ħҪʲô顣
˻飬Ǹľ»ص˱Ȼɳϣô졣
Ф׼Ķ𣿡
ȻôǸ˵ʵҲ̹ˣƾͲĶ֡
ķɭФĻҲεĵͷ⼸θյĽһܡ
ȥԷķ˻𣬿˵ҲòϣƴһƴƾħԷ
ðɣһжģʲôʱʼ
Фһ룬Ȼ˵ͽϰɡ
᲻̫ˣ
Ҳûʲô׼ģҸϿ飬ǸϿŷȥ˭֪ʦûˣ
˵ʱФһ˿ĵǣΪ˽УЩĵķʦÿһǹģǵһǿɡ
ķɭҲоФĵǣǵ˵ͷ˵ȥ׼Ʒˣڳȥץ˵Ļ»鷳ġ
㲻õģһѾ˹Ʒ㹻ٻֻħ
ķɭĬĵͷҲһҪȥץ˵ĻлЩ¡
Ҫ֪ȻЩʦ޼ɵҪĶһôǵĲġ
ҪǼʹ壬ҲҺͻĶԿ
һ磬Ϳʼʩչħ׼
Ȼââֽŵâǣͬʱʱΰʹֲԡ
һλâһҪӣ鷳࣬ΪһؿҪʽʽٻһֻħһֻǽħ
ڻâ֮ķɭħ࣬˶︯õʬ࣬Ѫߵ·ߡܡʬ塣
Ҳ֪ЩģҪִ֪Щǲ׵ġ
֪ʱħǲõĲˣͿʼüƷˡ
ʱФ˿վһԵķɭ˼˵ѼƷ
ķɭȴվ۾һǲФˡ
Фûа취ֻԼֲһʹﱧһ𷢱۵Ů˳
λŮںȣ۾˯ú졣
ķɭֻǿФŮӣһ۾ְͷƲһߡ
ФŮâǵм䣬âǵԲȦλãȻ˳
һж׼ɣֻȵʱˡ
ɫİĴֻм˸΢Ĺâ
ͻȻԶФվâ
һֱ۾ķɭʱҲѹԶФĶ۾һ˿Ŀ־塣
ФâǵǰߣȻ˫־ʼ
ķΰ֮ǰֻ֧ߣڰף߲սҵĻʵۣԶ쵼ҵĺķ
ڸһɲϢϢԽԽĳء
ÿȥҲܿ죬һƽһٻʧˡ
Фֻʼ磬һж֮С
ԭФҲ붯ǿħͷǹǣƾԼܲܽħٻڿʧˡ
Фȥң߱һ˳
ħ֮ǰӣ̾ʹһȻʼӡ
Ҫ˵ϸĻȴʲôҲעеʱȴͣǻ
ФɫصĴȡһɫһĹƬȻر˻У֮һ
ФܵĲϢһγ֣ⲻϢФеǸƬ˹
⹲ͣڿռ𵴣𵴵ĲƺѾԽʱͿռ䡣
һ˲һϢͻϣ䵽һγȡ
һά֮Уһطĺڰڰ֮Укܶǿʶڲͣͻɡ
ͻȻеһʶͣһ£ǷʲôȻһ˲֮ء
ʶոհһ̽˵̾͸оռ䣬ŨŨĶ⡣
ĹʼųĽ롣
ħȴûκεͣ٣þȫǴռ伷ȥܿڹмһ죬Լһʶ쵽ʱա
ʶֻһ˲䣬Ǹٻĵط
âǰФʶ彵ٵһ˲䣬Ͼ͸о˶ԷĴڣͬʱһǿҵĶڲͣĳԼĴԡ
Ф֪ԼҪٻħѾ٣ΪƽϢħķŭҪϹƷˡ


198 ħЭ
ФĿâмǸŮӣǸŮӺѾѹã۾ĴĴ
Фǰ˿ȻѣȻʮƣŮӣЦЦȻ˵ܿģͻʹࡣ
Ф˵仰֮ͻȻӻȡһذףֱӾʹŮӵࡣ
ŮӱͻȻʹһӾһеãĲҽ
Ĳҽ֮֮󣬼ҪķҪƿˡ
һжͽ͵ģѪҺԽԽСֹͣ˺
Ф˼Ȼâ⣬˫ֶǸʶ˵ΰаѾ׼ͣá
ФĻڰеǸʶͻȻ̽һǸŮӵʬϡ
ǱѾ̱һƬѪҺͻȻܵһ˳뵽Ǹʶ֮С
ŮӵҲʼήȻһ߸ʬ
ФվԱߣһдͷβ˺ԸоеǸʶƽ
Ф֪ڸúħˡ
ڰףհٻΪмҪæ
еǸʶ岢ФõļƷ֮˻صռ֮С
Феѹʧ֪ԷҪˣŶԷ˵Ļôٻʽʧˡ
ФϽһ¡˹ŷ˹ķâ١޹˹ס׵¹ɱķ١ŷʡŷ˹ŷٹϲ˹١ŷǡŷǡϲģýư˹³ŷŷ³ɱŷ¡š㡣
꣬ѾǸħһͣסΣ°ĿעӵФϡ
վ±ߵФһΰĺڰףֻҪҵԸϹƷ
Ф˵仰֮̾͵õ˻Ӧ
˵ĹƷʲô
ФаľϲħͲ󣬻һЩġ
ФϽӽűߣȡǸװŶħͷǹǵĺӣȻһ򿪡
һǸħ̾ͼΪںиоͬԴԼ
ҸңҰӵУǻһֱꡣ
Фûо¶ԷĿţЦ˵ֻҪҵ󣬰Լһѹƽϵġ
ǰеǸħɲΪФ£žһĿš
ФսħФԴ˸Ͳ⣬Ϊ֪ħռ䷨ľħԼûκεİ취
˺ħԼκβ˶Էֹͣνá
ðɣ˵ҪԸˣһɳŵ
Ф¶΢ЦӻȡƬݵ֮С
ʦҪҪ
еĶħֻƳƬһۣȻͨڤڤеĸӦTе㡣
ž˵Ƿʦɲ׶ԸһЩ͡
ФüħѲزȻǲá
һ룬Ȼ˵ðɣһ׼ĸŮꡣ
еǸħˣȻ˵ȻǩЭɡ
ħһ˵꣬̾һ׹Фǰ
ФϸĿŰ׹е壬ֻ׹֮аһõЭ顣
ϱһԼʶ֣ƪ۵д˺ܶࡣ
Ȼʶϱߵ֣ФȴǳԵ֪Щֵ˼
Фϸϸİļ꣬һЩüȻʵΪʲôҪҵꣿɺǵԼ
еĶħû˵ʲôֻФǰЭеһܿ䲻ˡ
Ф⣬ȻԼָЭ¶дԼ֡
Фָд꣬Э̾Ʈ֮У˲ͬγȵĶħС
ֻħڽջǳ⣬һԼͷǹǣõһŮ꣬飬ĸȴո
ЭѾǩһĶ֡
ħ˵仰֮̾ʹзֳһȻάȣռ䡣
ħķִλ棬TеҲڤڤиоΣյĿ
ɸоķǳͻȻңʱڳԷһյָо;ĿڲʼŻ¡
ɰĸһĶȻ廹ǣǽôˣ
Ҳ˲óԷˣֱӾ¿ǰͣĺ󱳣Ȼ˵ôˣǾȥҽԺ
һ߰ο㣬һΰŸʲôϿ绰
ΰǱһ̴λϴֱϣֻ벦120
ʱоһЩæֹףȻ˵ûʲôͻȻЩģԼȥЩҩˡ
˵֮վ·ߡ
ɲģæΰһȥҩȴǿеֹ
㼱뿪˼ţ֮һ룬ղŵĸо
ڤڤоһɭǿʶԼ
ָоûиоģʱǷĸҲûѹȫǲһȼϡ
ʶĲͣ룬Լûа취赲аʶˡ
ȻˣֻǿԼķˡ
ڶԷ֮ٻԶˮⲻ˽ʣԼ̵ȥǹĵֻҪԼµķΧô͵ȫܹӹ
֮̾ͽ⳵ֱİ¡
ĳո˰أ͸оǸѾ
ǰߵǸ˾ҲЩͷˣֻȵĳͻȻһֱ̣·һײ˹ȥ
㱻ŵǻɢҪײȥԼС̾군
Ҳ˲ˣֱǰһ˾Ͷ̡᷽
Ͼһʱɲһͨĳ⳵˾ܹƥУⳡԵռϷ硣
⳵ǿزŶʻĴɳ۶
ȵһΣ֮Ҳ⳵ˣ˭֪˾ڷʲôëһžͰѳ߿֮һʹӳ
ո³ͼʻһ³⳵ûͣӴֱײ
Դ˷Էײ֮ż͵ȥ
ڵôҲǽڵˣһ׵ľ룬ôĽ·ɳ۶
ٴصʱҲ·мˣֻԱԾֻеϡ
ղŵĶҲ·ϵǾˣرһֱһ¥ĸ߶Ȱ


199 
Ҳ˲ϱ˵۹ˣֱӾѾӣȥ
дڲͬγȵĶħҲ˼ε⣬ҲЩˣ˾ȻεֹԼĺ¡
ͻȻĴзһɶֱ㡣
ɶոսӴ壬ͷһޱĽ⡣
ȻһţҲų˺Զľ룬ʱڰȫ
ֱӾʹԱһСһƿϾܡ
СҲˣʲôЩĶˣûûˣ
εĺУǱҲûֹͣۡ
еĶħںǰ㵱һߣǼɵʲôûֳԼȫֻǲͣĿŴϵʲôֵѡ
ƾĶȻȫص˰¡
֮˲ˣѵƿԱһӣֱӾд
ǰſڵĺеûȻǵʿĴ磬Щ˼ҺҲԹ㿪֮ΪΪҪܹһʿҲǺõġ
һ·˹ǰ
͵ͣסŲһȻƵ߽˹
ڹǰѾɽ˺˵ųأǲ֪Ϊʲôǰߵʱе˶Զĸÿһͨ·㳩ͨؽ
άĺǼҲǲ죬һǰѯ⣬ͻȻֻǰһƹ˹˹ǰ
һЩЩˣǶԵĹĲ
ǻûеֹżأ˹Ĺļ̨
һµµЩҲˣֱӾʹ
˼ǰϥ
һȥ̾ͺͺеĹΪһ壬ǹҲʼŹ⣬ȻâҲڡ
һµµЩǶˣһ֪ô졣
ʱµԪúеõҴҵĸϵ˹ꡣ
￴ʱֻѾҳһţֵµЩɮһǲ֪룬˽
ԪúоЩˣЩάĶǸʲôԵģȻһʿǰеҡ
ǵǰһȥʱֻǹź⣬ǰһʿ
ʿϥĿʹׯϣѾ͹ĺΪһ塣
ʱԪúֺʮһӷ
ʱѾ뿪壬һ˲Ѿ˲֪άȡ
һｲֻŹڳԣ¶𻨣ڵҲӿһ֦֦ɮڰա
ʱ򣬹ͻȻֹͣԣȻĿпȥ
ɮҲ֣һ˳Ź۹⿴ȥ
ʱھ֮⣬ͻȻһ⿪ʼ˸ھĻ־Ȼ򿪣žһʿ˾֮С
뾻֮ĿбӣֱмĹȥ
ܵɮڼ񣬶ʼһȻ
ǸҪֹ㣬ɮѾվƮ˵УҪ赲㡣
·ɮ˵ʱ򣬾ȻһȻ˹ǰ
ڣµЩɮֹͣ뿴δ֪ĵʿ
֪˸ףȻ˵ѣħǰҳɵһ֮
ǹ΢΢һЦȻ˵ұΪһ壬αضԡ
ЦЦȻǰһˣ֮ɮеĲ۹֮У͵ĹΪһ塣
ΪһĹĬ˰ΣȻ۾µɮ˵ħҵҵǰ֡
˵֮ǹâֻһ˲ʧ֮С
ȵһγֵʱѾڿռλıԵ
ĵԸо̾һаϢ˳ĳһͨͣͷԼ
ۣλ濴ȥֻtеĹ⣬һаϢڲͣĻơ
ϢԽԽأڵͽҲʼðź⣬ҪС
ʱԼķڷ⣬⽫С
ڹҲʮɮ£ԼµĹ⾭ĵļӳ֣ڵĽԽԽʢ
ڵⱻͽǣ̾ͻָǣЩ˹ڵŵڵɮһ
ѵԽԽ࣬о֮ҲԽԽ㣬ǽҲԽԽǿʢ
Žǿʢǹаʶòȴȫ˳˰µķΧ
ʱһάеǸħǱףû뵽ĩ羹Ȼĵ
Ȼ˵ŭȴûκεİ취Ϊ൱еľ
ͶŵǸ޷⾻ǡ
ʱħͻȻоγȵһʼ߾ۼ
ħûпʱǸѾԡ
ħڣòͶȥĿ⡣
ֻĿ֮УһʶάȵıԵʶ廹ɢĹâ
òԼ˿ҪԶâ
˺ʱһʵҲ˱仯ֻʶ忪ʼͣŤʶֳһִλ
һֱзţӷаħΪ֮
Ǻǣԭһոճɵ
ħոճɵʮƵģΪԼôѾĸͷܴһ涼Ӧò
뷨֮ħͿʼС̣ԼһҲܹһ
ո뷨Լ˱ֻ֣ʶҲʼֳһ⣬⿪ʼܷѪȵζ
ѪζɢǹųĹҲʼѹ󲻵òڹǰɵľ롣
ǹûκεżЦŶаħ˵еǷسɷаħƣҳɵʱһ
ԭĹѾаħ⣬ҪȻԼľȻ˲аΪ̻һ
ħͲĻֻħͻȻİһγгȡֵķ͵ȥ
ֻЦЦȻϾͷųǻ۹⣬ѹ⣬¹⡣
Щ˼ӹϷųɨķһӾͱ
ҲЦݣֽ࣬ήħӡ


200 
ήħӡ̾ѹӹϷų
ѹһɨǶħɢķ򣬱̵ɢ
Ƕħ龰Ҳ£ֻճճյһЦҷɵʱħǰ裬Ҳһǲ𡣡
ħ˵仰֮ͻȻξ䵽֮УȻֻʶͺռеһΪһ壬ȻûκֱӾͽ˹֮С
ڹǰͳŮ
ЩŮһűɴڹǰʼ赸ʾԼ
ʱֹ㣬ЩŮ̾ͿʼȣʶҪͶ뵽Щ赸֮С
Ĺֳ̾ܣֻͻȻĴʶ˳ȻǿеĽʶѹ
ȵĹٴ۾ʱȻ˴ȱĮ
ЩŮΧŹͣ赸ʱָŹӣҪķġ
ǹȻйۿЩŮӵ赸ʵѾε
˶Щ赸ֻǹƣЩŮ赸ֻһ˲ͻڹʧһ˿˿Ӱ
ЩŮǵ赸˺ܳʱ䣬ҲûĹЩ͵һˣ»Ϊ˹򣬳˹档
ֻڹĵطѾ֮Уһڴܻվĺܳ佫
Щ˶±߹ĿŹֻҪһ£Щ˾Ϊ
ȻΪֻвͣţ۶ľ
±ߵЩǣҲһʼҵĴ¡
ǹͳһһ򽮽ĹңҵĳǸոһййңµĴҫһε书
ʱƣϱߵĹȻĿʹľЩǲŲʡ
ֹһµЩǺЩͷˣе˿ʼ롣
ʱһλϣվһˣֻͱȺᣬȴʮϣֻǰһŹ˵й𣬴Ѷιʲһԣ
λ˵˼ΣϱߵĹȻǳš
ҲЩͷˣֻͻȻĴӻȡһذףǰ͵˹Ĳ
ȻһԲڹҲ⣬ʹ˼ݱи
仰ذҲʼĲȥ
ǹȻĿʹԴ˲ŲʣһǸͻȻķһҽУȻд󳼶˵ǹ⣬ʧ˰ա
ڽڹǰͻȻֳĲƱ
ǻƽֱѵɽһֱѾ˴ء
ЩȻһԲĲ
ħ෬̽ڹҲûκεô
ԼҲ޷ͬȫںһˣò˳״̬˹ǰ
ʱĹȻ֮УֻϵĹâƮȻŹȻŰ
ԶǸħȻ붯֣ÿһοǺһڿΣֻҪǰһ̾ͻΪۡ
ħֻΧͣεȴҿλ
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ҲҲһ˲䣬ͻȻ˹
ֻѹ֮ĴȱۣλѾ˷츲صı仯
ԶǶħڹֻһĿ־塣
Ϊп˴ȱġԸ󸣵¡ġ
ѹĹٴοħʱû񣬷֮ġ
ŹٷŹһεĹǰĲ֮ͬ޵Ĵȱ
ġġȱġġġػġ̻ġϣԼɾ͵徻̵ʮҵʮҵ
âǳʱͿռ䣬ܿ˶ħʶ֮ڣֻôһɨǶħ;Լĵһƽ
ƽӳûиоģҪ֪ħԴӵûֹͣɱ޾ķ֮гٵߵ
ƽ֮УоһִûеҸ
ħλҲֻͣ˳ţϵѹҪԼûйĸо
ȻѣȴָӣֻȻ˹Ķ棬޵İ֮С
ʱ޾άһķ֮
Щʼ޹ף빸ء
ԭղħ˸ֵ˼ջҪԻǰĹǹջ֮мᶨģľȻ˳أеĵڶء빸ء
빸ء뿪Ǹˣ뿪Ⱦ۷ѾͷľͬˣȻͬˣһִţһ㳾
ԼǰǶħ΢΢һЦȻָǶħͷһ㡣
һ㣬һǶħüĴ
Ƕħڣ̾һǣ⣬ħΪһ塣
ħҲʼ˱仯ɢаԼŻϢڶʼõˣӿһɴȱġ
ħȱĵڵаϢȻԽĵֻǱһ˿˿ĺȻ֮С
ħڵҲ˸ı䣬ֻѾһͷģĴ硣
Ҳһڰ֮г˹ࡣ
ǹĵͷȻ²ͷӣԼĹȥ
Ȼص֮Ȼ˾룬ִ֮
䵽ÿһ䣬Ȼʼš
Ⱦһʱֹͣ
ʱ˻ۣȻ˵ǰפҳɵѱշҵ¡
˵֮󣬾Աߵħͷһָ
ͷ룬ǰ
΢΢һЦȻ˵ұһšӽԺΪ񡯡
л
ͷлĬĬ˺󼸲ϥɫֳׯ࣬ͬʱü֮Ҳһϲ
ʱĹ̳Ʒţžʹ֮һӰӣӰֻǰһ˹ΣȻŹĵͷ
ڳԵѶѿȥڴ˾
Ҳǵ˵ͷ˼Ϊֻľдһ͸оԼľȻž£


201 Ե
תֱ֮⣬ԵʱĹ΢΢һЦһ㡣
ŹĶǰ̾ͳһɫͨ΢΢һЦ̤˽ȥ
ֻ̤֮ͨ˲ͻص˰С
ڰ¹е壬Ҳ۾
۾һֻѾʮɮˣܿоģͣϳݡ
һӲУҪǱЩ˶ԼҪع⡣
һתȻͻȻվȻżһ㣬˲˹Ȼڵڵתɢһȫ
ֻżӴ棬ÿһһݶ߰ɵľ룬ָ뿪˹£ȻתֽǵС֮вˡ
ʱڵĺҲˣЩ׷Ҫҵλɡ
ǵһжͽ͵ģǳ֮󣬴Ȼȴûټ
Щֻε̾ȻȥԪú
Ԫúڹͽӣͽǵһ£Ȼ˵λȻ֪ܺ͹Ϊһ壬ȻһλŵĻ
Ԫú˵ʱ±߿˿ֻЩͽͽǶͷͬĿ
ȻǲڹΪλһΪħ
Ϊµ֣Ԫú˵ĻʥּµЩȻǲҷ
¾ôˡ
ʮ֮һʻ񣬷˹ࡣ
Ȼǵ̵Ĵ磬ȴз̵֣ͬʱ˫ֺʮ״һ֪ǹľ
˵ǧ֮Ǳ֮С
ФķɭˣվâϸĹ۲âħ
տʼʱħµķʮֵĳ㣬ǹһħƾͿʼһ½
Фķɭ˻࿴һۣͬʱӶԷпһľǡ
ɲǺһ˵ħҪɱһҲֻ˲飬ħھȻµԾѾʲô˸סˡ
ħķͻȻŤȻҲ˸ı䡣
ԭʱħħĻλħȫӡ
ֻ࿪ʼôϵĺͺڹҲʼսȻɢһ⡣
ϢĺҲȫûˣֻоһĴȱ
⻹ʲô˵ģһħ˽ˣȻԼҲڵģȫڶԷ
Фķɭ˺˼ʱͻȻǸâеħ۾
۾һųФķɭϡ
ֻôһ£Фķɭ͸оԼڵһжԷûκε˽ˡ
ФȻҧǰһȻ˵ΰĺڰ֮ǷѾԼǰҪƷ
ħ¶΢ЦȻ˵ҪԸҵԼܹ
ФüȻ˵ĻôǵԼˣһҲܴ߹Ʒ
Фʵǰħô⣬Ϊâǵ޷뿪âǵмģԼΥԼ
ڵǣħѾΪ޷ԼˣôԼϹƷҲΥԼ
Ǹħȴҡҡͷ˵Ķ˵ʮҪҲܹʧȥ
ħɲˣصħȥɡ
˵仰ФͿʼȥɣ¡˹š
Ф꣬ϵһƣȻѸٵŵâϣâҲʼ˸ȻһϢеâмħķϡ
Ϣʼͣħ𵴣Ҫռ䡣
򻯳ɵϢ𵴣ħûκεá
վâФɫѾ࣬û뵽ٻħȻȻܹԿеķ
ʵФˣ֮ǿ󣬾޷οǰССĶħ
ʵΪʩչâҪǰħǰλħѾ˹ľ
ڵԶ˾޴ĸı䣬ǰλѾûжˡ
λħҪԿҲֻعųУֻҪôعǲὫλ档
һλħЦЦˣڶҲˣϿ콻ͷǹǡ
ħҪǿ𣿡
ҲֻǴԵ
Ф⻰һ±ƣħ˵ĻʲôԵ㵱ԼǺ
ûФӦħȻһ̤â⣬ĹӶ
Фķɭһֱô򶨣ΪΪâǵħ޷뿪мһ׷Բľ롣
ħâǣŵû¡
ûâħ˵ζ͡
ħȤֻǰߣФǰĽԱȥľС
ȻФ򿪣ȥͷǹǡ
ͷǹȻǺֵۻԲͣͷţ˸ֻҪǿһ۾;Ҫ֮С
ǽֱħͷǹһĨеĺۻԱ㶼ֹͣˡ
ͷǹǾɺɫһŽɫ֮ħͷǹǣԼԴһ
ȵһֻ֮ħϷŴ⣬Ȼĳһά巢˹ֻ֮ǿФķɭһۣ˲ʧǵǰǻصάȥˡ
ȵħ뿪֮Фķɭ˱һƨ˵£Ҳվˡ
ղħǵѹʵ̫ˣ˶ԼǰϵļʱпܱħԵ
һħıԣζʳƷȻмһˣӵ
Ȼȫб֤ˣһصȴʧˡ
ķɭڵ£ε˵û뵽ǵĶôȻܹշħ
ФҧҧȻ˵ǲٲˡ峤ҪǿǺʿԿĻôǾֻ뿪ˡ
˵ʱФķɭͶȥѯʵ۹⣬˼ķɭǷԼվһ𣬹ͬѹ
ķɭ붼ûУ˵Ͱ˼ɡǼʿԿȥ󲻵ûҲ޷õϢ
˵仰ҲеģΪ֪ħŪĺ֣Ǽԣֲãλ˾ͻųħʱ˿̾ûҾҲԶ޷õϢ
ķɭĻ̵õФĹ˵ĲǿЩܹԿġ


202 
Фķɭ˴ɹʶ֮󣬾ԼǿһЩܹ峤̸ˡ
Ф㲦ͨ˶Է
Фô
һ߷Ѿˣá
ڵ绰һߵ峤һҽԺУԱߵĲ֮ţĶӽܿˡ
峤վŶİο䣬Ȼų˲ȡ
ô£ѵħʧ𣿡
ħǳɹѾٻħ
ǳʲô⣿
ħǱԷˣѾǸʿշ
ⲻܡ峤һľȫЩת
Ҫ֪ħĴ˵Уһֱһǿбϵ۵ʹûʲôܺԿ
ФȴһĵʿֱӴħҰջԼˣܹܵˡ
֪޷ʵѾˣǸô죿
һߵĬһ£ȻӷɿתȻħѾǸʿշôʿǳǿʱǲҪʿȵ˸õİ취˵Ҳ١
ȻôжʱֹͣɣûбҪΪһС¶ǿԿ
Ф峤ĻдһȻѾ˺峤Կ׼ô壬Ҳ֪ĵ̡
ȻƾķɭܹĿƣǴӴ֮ҪԸѹӾͲùˡ
ãܹˡ
峤˼ôǼڻĴŻǻŷȥ
ɣǱѾûʲôǰˡ
õ峤һ̸ϻŷ޺ϡ
峤ֻǡšһ˵绰
Фķɭ˻࿴һȻжһɣǿ뿪طˡ
һҲڶٴˣȻǸħʱŹ˭֪ǸʿǲĻԹޣһһǸħ˵ʵǼֱǸԷͲˡ
ȻϿ뿪صԼϳȥ
˵ɾ͸ɣ˴ɹʶ֮󣬵Ͼ˻ƱڶϾͳ˷ɻ뿪˻ġ
˵뿪˰֮תһС֮УܿʧȺ֮У֮Զһ⳵»صԼļ
Ȼ֮ոսžͼĸڵϲͣĴתǶڸղԼͻȻǶеġ
һţ̾ͱɳϵˣͲƵݣһӾʹܵǰȻ־ͷϽϿʼ
ûʲô°ɣ
ĸ׵ĹĻǷǳжģЦŰοûʲôȥҽԺ˿ҽ˵һСëԻˣҳԶʱע㡣
֪ѣΪʱĳԶԻˣһԵΰԹ
Һ˵ʱ㣬嵭㣬㲻ҪģûУӾأ͵ĳôܲˡ
ΰҲʶԼĴӣɳϣͷ˵ˡ
ʱŮҲСߵǰȻ䡣
㿴ŮȻ̱ŮūڵЦ˵ʲôҪͰְ˵𣿡
ŮͷȻ˵ԺҪŶҪٳô߰Ķˡ
㿴ŮĶԼǳ鴤һ£ΪԼǰһʱŮ˵Ļ
ڿɺˣŮԭⲻĻԼ
ֺͼž˼죬͸ĸŮǣ˵Ҫصȥˡ
ȻǳԸԼӵ뿪ǵҲǶӵҵˣûտֻεͬӻȥ
һ뿪Ҳû˳糵Ǵһ⳵һ·ص˵ۡ
һΣصڿ˵һۣһΣա
˵˳ԼĳˣǸܿӦӣΨһĵľ忴ЩģȻܹɳħʦԼԿ
ڻǱȽϷĵģΪ뿪ǰ׼͹кùڰµķԼļտһ㣬ǱϾҲǹļˡ
ͽ֮УȻ͹һ
ʶֻеһ˲䣬˹ľȻһ˲ͺ͹ͷΪһ壬žͽӹ˹һС
ӹܹ֮̾͸оڵĹǿ
ڵĹһܳ
ڹĶ߻ͽй̹š
Ҳͨһ˲鿴ͽĹȥδܹ׵ĲıһС
Щ֮ͨ⣬еľǣڽһ˲䣬ͽһǰδе֮Уǻһ˲Ѿ޿ɱĵزƾǻۣһйȥδѣԼ˳С
֪Ϊʲôܹӣ׹ѣΪɣͨƵı仯˳Уӣٲ
˼ʱԱߵλͷӣĸо˹ñ仯
ͷȻ˵񲻶ʲôգ
Էôһڿɲñ֪ԼĹݷǻ۹⣬ͷ˵ӣ굱֪һ˶Ӧȷʤģȶĸĸ
˵ʱ۾ͷ˵֮ĸ已ĥѣͷӣΪ֮令ңʹ䲻ֺ֮
ͷĻֳ˻ϲɫȻ񽻸Լ丸ĸ˵ԼĿأдϲ
ֻͷٴͷأҵ̻壬ĸҡ
ͷ˵仰֮ʩչֻͨͻȻһΪ
һͷӵı壬¾
һ΢ãֻǰһĤݣȻĿʼʵ֮ǰһֻܵĲܷ
龰¶΢ЦȻͷ̾ͷƣڱ˰һٽѣɾС
ͷ˹Ļ˴ϲ֪Լһٳɾõѣ˻ϲС
̾ͷ֮Ȼǵһָǵ̾ͷɵǰڵ㣬ʱǰһ壬̧־ͽܽ˹
֮һͷ֮;һתʱѾ»ص˵֮С
۾ĴһɨֻڣԱ߰ڷһͷӵĵ
ͷ߰˷֣ȴ͸Ŵȱγһɼìֺгӡ


203 ϵת
㽫ͷӵĵõԼǰϸĴһ¡
ֻλͷӵķĶ£Ȼһʶ㶥Ĥݡ
ĵͷһƬȻԼһ绰
ڸʲôææ
Сӻ˼Ҵ绰ƨء
֮Щ֣Լûʲôѽ
⻰ô˵ģס
㻹˼˵ұѾð׼ɽţһء
֮ЩüôˣԼûˡ
ôʦҧɿڰɣ
ҵ粻֮£ұѾͬ⣬ʱ·һţԺı֡
֮Ͼλʦ뷨ˣԼ䣬Լ֪طȫĻҲ»лתĻԼһӴԺ·ϵˡ
طԼģҾǸҲûʱֲûԼƭء
֮󣬱Ե绰һһߵ˵֪ˣʱһҲá
ǻô죿
˺ˣ˵ⷳ˵ˣмҪæ
ʲô£ܷԸ
һǸոڵп˹ģ׼ͻؼУæܸȡ
ǻ˵ţھ͹ȥ
˵֮͹˵绰
һڵ۵Ĵϣʼڤ˼ԼҪһ£ȻĻһֱڱԼСЬԼִҲһ鷳
˼ȥûа취Ըλ
ԼķܸܲԼʦȥɣĻľʦˡ
ֶԼʮִĳɼҪı뷨Ӧǲˣֻڱĵطһͷˡ
̾һ˵绰ز˹ȥ
ʱعûǲԴӵõĳŵ겻֮λ̾ͳ׵
λ󸻺ھƵ֮У§һĹǶЦأͻȻҴҵĽ˷䡣
ؾЩˣüͷʵô£
ϰ岻ˣϽСܹȥֻĵݵصǰȻ˵³ĵ绰
֮ɫ̾Ȼһ֣ԵǸСվһ˳˷䡣
ûˣŽ绰Ȼˬʵ˵ðɣ
ĸһл˳
绰ʲô¶𣿡
˵ⲻҺҵǸʦֵûȽϽűϾʦͽһûбҪȥʩȥиǵ⡣
һߵĻüͷɫҲЩÿΪһ˾Ѿ³˼
˵ȥ˫⣬˵ʵغ۵Ͳʶʲô
˼ӦԼЩǮȻƽϢʦŭ
һ»Ǯɲ٣ΪǸϵʿɲһû棬ڴУȨдһġ
뵽ԼԺ»λҲֻҧӦˡ
˵绰֮ɳһ̾Լһ䵽ˣڼֱǰԼҡǮޡ
ʲô취أȫԼϸѽ
֮̾黹Ҫ죬ؽнԼ飬ȻԸ㰲һ£Ҫȥнȥ
֮ϽӦȻȥˡ
ڸش绰֮Ͱ¶ˣΪӡУСӦܹǳ׵Ĵꡣ
ʱǿ˵ۡ
˵ۣĴһԭûʲô𣬻ӣҡҡͷ
ʲôãǱȽѾһˣץչԼͽһġ
ã֪Ҳмڱ֧֣ԺǲõˣĻһԽ޴ңֱӵĲ뵽۵ľӪɲԼѶ
̾أͼ۲᷿Ŵ򿪣˳
Ӵͦѽ
˵ǣһ绰ٻң̾
˵仰֮εʵ˵ɣʲô¶Ͽ꣬Ǳ߻ſͻء
Ҫ˵ڵѾǰ̶ˣҲΪԴӵ˵ʿ֮ʶһЩѣԾλ˺ܶ࣬Ѿԭˡ
ҲԸо˫λı仯ȴûеƣΪһƣͨѶûˡ
ûʲô£һͻؼȥҵĸĸĹ
㶣Ȼ˵ʲô񣿡
ʣֽ쵽Լķ䣬Ȼһֻ˵ǲ𣿡
߹ȥһȷʵúãر˫۾رվǵĶ涼о˫һֱԼ
Ծ֮У͸оԼ뵽ǵ۹֮Уܹ԰Ρ
ЩԾȥһļŰѹ
ѹ֮󣬳ĳһȻ˵ⶫĸģЩаŶ
Ц˵һ𻤷Կ׼͵ȥҸĸƽ
һ£Ȼ˵ҿ𶼵ɲǺҪͻؼȥ
ǵȻҲ
ҲͣȡȵķŵС
㲻ǻ𣿸ϿҰѵͻؼңȥ¶
ӹЩԸˡ
ŸյûЪһ£͸ߣǲˣ
ⲻǵ𣿰ͿԻȥǮˡ
ЩΣֻǱŵ뿪˵ۣﳵ뿪ұ
һֱվڵ⣬ĳԶ룬ͬʱһɫ˿Щ¡
뿪ұ֮̾Ͱѳͣ˴ԱߣȻһڳг̡
ԸоԼ̬ȵı仯ҲԭǸԺԼĵˣǰԼһµ
Ҫ˵ǲܵģǰ
ڵڸ涼йϵԼ⻹Ҫء
˵ʱ䣬ǸʩأʹԼСн˼εĻ⼸Լ׬˲١
ڿɼδиĴԼͷϡ
뵽֮ƽˣԼάţԼǮء
֮󣬽ͷݺݵӵ˳⣬Ȼһֱļҡ
˵طʱɫѾˣΰҲѾ˷ɳǰء


204 ʧ
ͻȻΰҲЩ֣ȻЦŽӭ˿
ոµʱڷСѻеǸССͻȻĴ˳ȻϵëըĻ﷢в
СѸϽȥСС±ڻУȻȥ㻳ʲôѽ
ЦЦȻӻеİȡǸͷӵ
͹ģͰϸĹ˵ǶԼкô
Ļΰ־ͽӹϸĹۿ˵ʮֵء
͵һȫһʿľսϸĿȴݴ飬ǴŽѵ΢Ц˵ӵ»ص˼Ĺ̡
ΰϲЩ֮Ķڿ񣬾ⶫе˼
ʱҲյΰĸǰп񣬲֪ôģʱ򣬾;۾ҲڿԼ
֮⣬Ҳ˱仯ֺõ΢Ц
Щ㱣ϾѹԳЦЦԼۻˣһôԼֺá
ʱǸСС˹͵ؾͶץӡ
ССȻצӷǳķץ£ȴûκε𺦡
ʱΰЩˣⶫϾɵ͸ԼƽģСô£ֱӾץסСĲӣɳȥ
СҲоΰŭһ̵˷ĻУͷǰҿΰߡ
͵ˣһˣΰһֱ͵¥ǰ»
ΰ½ʱ򣬷Ѿڿ֮иǸ񰲷һλãΪ׼¯ء
˵ǼСʲô˼ո뿪͸ͻҿҲͳķo
ıԹЩˣ˵ʲôأͻĶܲˡҶͼҲΪǼƽ
˵ʱͣһ£Ȼֶΰ˵ɼסˣӽ쿪ʼÿϸ㣬Ҫһ쿴ôʰ㡣
ΰϰݺݵĶԼԴͶˡ
˵ʱڵУʦһ£Ȼʯָһλص硣
»֮ԼصĵѲһ飬ȴûзֶѾӰ
ЩͷԣҪ˵ѾСѾͷȻǱȽϻú棬ȴû£һôˣ
㲻֪ѾѾڵۺóʱˣΪѾڸͱСŮˣء
˼æţ򸽽ھѯʶѾټһЩżˣԭʱ۸ûпţҲûпѾټ
һ룬ѵѾڼﻹûҲǶѾܳʱ䲻ؼˣļ˶ס˼죿
Ȼô²⣬еǲõԤȴһֱûɢ
ʱϢһ죬ڶͻؿɽͣѾôˡ
˯һڶϱĴһֱɽ͡
һ·ϻƽȵʱѾ˿ɽ͵Ĵڣ˳Ǯ˹֮Ž塣
һ壬̾˺ܶ˵ע⣬ûһ׾ͱɽ͵ĴΧסˡ
ˣسô
ʱӿ֣СϾҪˡ
ȥ˵˵ɣǼȥͷˣÿ춼ȥٹ򡣡
һ߸λ׹֣һߴǵֻƬУɽ顣
ԭλףɲԼôź򣬾ȻǿеĴÿ춼ǰȥݡ
ֵǣ˾Ȼûֹ˾Ļ󣬶龹ȻŲˡ
˼ʱ俿ɽͷʱͻȻһ˴Ⱥм˽һѾץסø첲Ȼ˵ˣһȥ
̧ͷһԭ˲ˣǶѾүү
Ȼæ˹֣λ׸˴ǣصļС
ȵ˼ţͼ̻ƴſڣǶء
һ龰֪£Ǹæǰʵôˣѵзʲô£
ƴŷˣ̧ã۾Ͽˣȵʱһ±վץĸ첲㿪ʼʹޡ
ϾЩΣôˣԼֻһ仰ڵôԱߵ˿
Ҳı̾˿ҡҡͷȻԱվŵһϱڰ֣Ͽ콫ȥ
ϱϽӦһȻŻƴݡ
֮ȥݡ
ȵֱ֮̾һȻ˵һλΪѾɡ
㿴˿бɿתѵǶѾٻصˡ
ĻҲ֮飬ϾһСŮ뿪˺Լţʱ䳤˼ҲпԭĻѾҪ»صУԼҲûбҪǿѡ
ҴػʱֶѾڹУԻؿɽһʡ
˵仰ͣһ£Ȼ˵ѾĲҵĻôҲ⣬ڿɽʮĶأҸѾˡ
ڶĻæվ֡
Ѿˡ
һˣ齹װģȻż£֮ʵ˵ż
£̾˿Ҫ˵ʱͻȻ֮ﴳһŮ
ֻŮͷɢǷһʹܵǰͨһڵأͷͷ
㱻һæվܵһߡ
ִŮŮӰ֮󣬰ӽ̧˳ȥ
뿪ݵʱǸŮӷĲҽУ˳ϸۿŮӲˣǶѾĸϡ
㿴вõԤУԽԽǿʢѵѾʲô𣿷Ļĸôģ
Ҳ˲ʲôˣֱӾʵ˼ңѾǲǳʲô飿
̾˿Ȼ֮˵Ѿʧˡ
ôܣĻشͲš
Ҫ֪ѾԿ󻤷ǹӤ֮⣬ԼµĽʬæôʧ٣
ϲţæѶѾһһʮһ顣
ͬʱ㣬ڶѾĵڶϵʱ򣬾﷢һ󶴣ѾѾӰ
֮ﻹףǶѾ顣
˼ҲصģȥѾķ俴һ֮˵


205 ȥ
˽ǰϸһ룬ѾһǿˣĻƾǹӤͽʬһĹͲǵĶ֡
һ룬ȻʵѾһػʲô˲ì𣿡
֮Щ˸˵סηʦͶѾйһЩ졣
Ϊʲôѽ
ˣ֪ܲηʦΪʮĶأӦùԺͶѾйִ
֮ˣʮĶؿԼ˽Ǯģôڳˣ
͵һۣȻε˵ڶѾʧ֮ηʦǿеЩصĵũ˵⣬һǮҲòˡ
֮´һȻ¶һ˿ЦݣѾ˼ȫĿ͸ˡ
ηʦǿжʮĶأ˺ܶ죬˲ԼǰŪǷǡ
С˼ûзϣԼصʮĶأеЩ죬Ҳá
ΪηʦЩ⣬ѾոպìܣûѾʧˣҪ˵ûʲôè壬ɲš
ԼҪȥһˣΪ˲ݾߣԼҪҸȥ
۾һת⣬ⲻնԼʮĶԼɴȥҪʵĻˣҪǲʵ֪֪Լ׷
֮󣬱վ˵˼ңѾѾסˣǲصģһ춨ȻһŮ
˵֮󣬱뿪ңֱм
ոߵһʱȴܼҡ
ܼӦ֪˿ɽͣص·ء
˼֮ǿʩȻܼҾ˵һλؿɽʲô𣿡
гգôһʣ̾ͱ
ɫ֮һۣȻ˵ҪٲҵЩؾͶдϱ˵ˡ
ܼ֮ҲǷǳΣϾȷʵληʦĲԣληʦƢɲãүҲҴλʦüͷ
ȻѾˣǲҪҪİ취
֮¶һ˿мЦŶҵҪܼʲô취ܹ¡
ģʮĶүŰѺӱߵ60Ķˮһ֪Σ
֮ЩþҲǸӲģʱԼڵʱ˿ûжԼôù
ȻƢȻҲǣҿ»ˣе޹»ʮĶͦõġ
˵֮󣬾ܼҹ֣ҪƹǰС
ܼҼæס䣬Ȼ˵Щ˰ɣ˴ˣ
ĻҲôĻǻðɡ
ǸηʦԼصʱ򣬿ûλʦôԼԵĴηʦ棬˾סˣ
һ˦䣬Ͱܼ˦ȥ˼ףȻ˵˾ͲҪˡ
˵֮ͷҲصֱ
㵽ʱ򣬷ܶ˶ڵŲΰݣɱڵʱֶˡ
ЩȻǰΰһɫȴãǲԸƵġ
㿴ҡҡͷҿߵһտӣҪһƾϰյԹܰ
㿴֮Լ·ȻȻֱĴš
ΰĶǸׯǣǴʶ㣬ڵĹͲ¶΢ЦȻĬĬ˸㣬óͨ
ϰյǷǳ˽⣬Լȥף̨ʤ˵ĻԺЩϰվͲҪÿΰˡ
Դ˲⣬һ߻һܹ֣лЩϰգóͨ
ȵĴԼڵʱѾ֮
ԼڵʱȻĻ룬ֻһڼеŴȫµģǵװεʮ־
رԱߣһСҲ֪йλo
֮̾һ˵ע⣬˲ˣףηʦ
˱ڴ֯ǰݵͽʽأͻȻſһңžʹӴ߽һʿ
ληʦ龰۾Ҫ֪ԹͬжԩңʿԼʲôѵԼĲ£
뵽ληʦɾͲˣҪ֪һֱǵ룬ֱλɣһ˿ͷֱܿѹȥںòһСҪʧȥˣҪصԭȼʱˡ
λףЩΰݵͽԺߵǰ´һ£ȻʵλѣСкιɣ
㣬ߺߺߣһЦλʦ֪ʰɣҵأȻкιɡ
ηʦĻǰվʲôˣⶨȻǰףλˡ
˵ʮĶȻѾ뿪ͲӦüռţջҲ쾭塣
һЦȻ˵ǲصĵд㲻㶼֪ɣ
֪ôǲЩ£ȡᣬǿн£ȻͲΪ
ǲСǲ֪ʲô¡
˵ʱҲٷϻֱһӾʹйһẓ́ڵһʱѾһ
ηʦһ龰ŵûֱΪ֪ǹ컯֮£ܹΣɼ
͵һܣȻֱԱߵһСȥ
վҲûмжҪηʦʲô¾ҺԼԡ
ʱһֱܼңҲ֪ãæָԼֵµļǼҶедȫϳȥȻĹעţʹֻʣηʦˡ
ܼҰ飬ǶЩĿ࿴λܼһЩģ֪ԼҪǺͶԷ˼޹ȰѰǳȥ
ʱͻȻС֮УһĲηʦµ߳С
´һληʦѾ͸ղȫͬˡ
ղķ֮Уλͷʦûκεķһͨķˣȴһɻǿڲͣɢ
֮⣬ķ֮лληʦڱһë׵β͡


206 
ηʦģЩЦǱʲô︽
ληʦҲǱʲôǹʲôֵĶ
ηʦߵǰ´һ£Ȼз˼Ǹʿ
ȻͷȻ˵£ĸ
ǺǺǣǻüӣʶĸϽȻʮĶصĵԹԵĻ֪ҵ
СŶͣʲô£ǰ˴ԡ
ǺǣȻ㲻ʶ࣬Ǿ͹ֲˡ
ǰηʦͻȻ͵ǰһܣ̾ѾǱ鲼˻ë
ë֮Ѿðźצצ磬ֱԴ
վڵпԽԽצֻһ䣬һʹ֮ӿ˳
ֱⷨ̾еǸηʦ
ڰײǸηʦЩǹͷֻǱһײ㱻ȥ߰׵ľ룬
ߺһЦȻ󼸲ߵηʦǰýŲסԴȻ˵СϽʵεڵϳںδ˵˵֪֪Ƥ֮ࡣ
ʿ̫֪үү˭𣿵ȵүүüˣĺÿ
ЦЦãȻô˵ҾԸ
˵һֻ֣Ȼףֻ֮ǵ˸
ſڵϵС龰ֻøֱҪǴԼϣǻе˺á
ȴʲô룬ֻŵֱ֣Ӿʹͷʦϣһ
̾ʹηʦУһë׵Ķ
ǸηʦſڵϲͣĴղСĸҲǳĴڶûл
ҲηʦˣֱӾë׵ĶǰϸһԭһСǡ
Сڵ۾ء
ЦЦȻҲ˵ӻȡһʦɷֱӾСǵϡ
ͬʦɷǶѾʹĻֻЩʱһ¡
ǾչһӾͰСȫľȫӡˡ
һСſڵϻĲȴûһվҲʼԺȫľһûпǵͨСһ
֮ҲԺеηʦֱӾĴУͿʼĿ
ڵĻĴǰʱԼһˡ
ԺеηʦһҲ͵͵е㿴һۣ۾߿һ
ληʦЩˣ֪ӵĻͲλˡ
Ҳûа취ֻλүϿýС
ɵҲǰ취Ҫ취Ծȣηʦ۾һת⣬ֻſڵǸСŲ˹ȥ
ڴ֮б۾ģͻȻų⣬⿴ȥ
ܿ±۾ٹܴ顣
ηʦͲ֪ѾжΪЩ⣬ӿĶܿŲǸСǵԱߡ
͵͵֣Ҫҿڻϵʦɷ
ոһӴ䣬Ƿ̾ͷųһ⣬СǱֻήңһ̾ͿʼͣĲҽС
ηʦһϽ֣Ҳûа취ˣҪǲ䣬СǾͻһֱʱҲû˸ǱŶˡ
ηʦҧҧֻܶԲԼˣ͵ǰץסʦɷ˺
ǸСǲҽͬʱʦɷų磬ƤëҲǵģһĽڡ
һηʦ˺ģҪҿʦɷСβҽû֣ͣھţ֮֮ʦɷǱηʦҵˡ
ǻûʦɷѹ֮ϾͻָЩ񣬲ʦɷĹѾǱˣķҲѾʼɢļ
ηʦһǻָɣæ˵ˣϿȥ
ǻţգգ۾¶˾ģֻǿҧվȻǽͷȥ
ֻһˣʹǽͷȥ
ǾʱͻȻһֽһδϡ
ɲԵģ㾫׼ջ
ջеĺʵҲй귨԰ѶԷǵĲֻȫĳƷϡ
һ㻹ҪСǰȥţֻһһǡ
ֻֽСһճ̾ͷų˽⣬վڵһ֣Ƿ·ɻС
ǸСֻԼͷۻΪֻǸղŵʱˣûлָҲ⣬һ˲Χǽ˳ǽܿͲӰ
㿴˿еķ䣬¶һ˿Ц⡣
һСǼȸԼȥŶûԼֶΡ
СǱȥ˶ѾҲƾеͶԷףضѾ
ʱǸηʦѾǵ΢ЦϾ֪Լ˶Էļˡ
СǺôӻȥˣһǻɸйСиôҲûʲôϵˣֻҪԼܱסʲô
ʱߵληʦĸǰЦЦ˵λѿͦеѽҸ㰲Ÿɡ
ληʦѾµ˹ڸϽվĵ˵¾ܷԸ
ЦЦָԺԱ߶ŵһľ˵Щľиʮ˸Сȫһġ
Ǹηʦ֮գգ۾ȻһһŲľǰʼϸѰҡ
һηʦҳӦľģȻЩľͷŲǰ
ҪĶѾȫ׼ˡ
ηʦ˵֮󣬻ĵЦЦ
˵ͷȻָָԼĽ˵ͷɡ
ηʦϽ¶һԡ
ӼһľͷϸĿ˿˵ͷȻӻȡһСʼľͷϵ
ľͷϵ̵Ƕʮ޵֣ԼӦķ䡣
Ҫһ󷨣󷨵ֽ
˼壬󷨵ҪĿľǷһеʡ
󷨻һֽ׳ءľͷͭǮΪĲһǼٵĶʮޣǳеĹ֣С
ΪԷһҪǶԷּ鲻ҪߵĻ㲻һܹõסǰ˷ֻҪ֮УıҲӲȥ


207 
˵ΪʲôǸֻһԼ鷳
Ҳ򵥣ǸСǵһһƻԼУҪǲԼҪ÷ǸС֪֪ʲôʹ
ȻһӦû֮ģֻҪǲȫѪΪԼĺӦûһˡ
ڲ֮ܰȵĴ֮УǸɡ
ڰʱһзƽ˾һɲûйҲ硣
˰ҹʱ֣ڴ֮УѾʼˣͻȻ֮һΧ
֣Ͼ;
ֻվۣ⿴ȥ
һɰЩסˣԭ֮һɭּѪȵƣͣǻ
ʮֵŨң˵ʵʱѾˣһλүİͽ֮⣬Ϊǿ
Դ㲢⣬ΪȻǳǿ󣬵ǱԼҪһ֡
ԼĵƣֻҪΣգȫٻĺͷǰ
ǹķλ˴֮ʱҲӦһЩӦܳЩˡ
˼ʱͻȻ֮һ죬Ĵűҿˡ
һֻվһˡ
ֻ˸Žթ۾ṳ̂
üԷԼİŲȫû
վߵĴԺ֮У⹰˵ʲôˣһ𡣡
֪λ˾ͲΪֻվЦһȻ˵ʿ㲻ôˣ֪ͷɲȥ
ҲΣɻǽСģֲܻôꡣ
Ȼ˾ͱٻȥˣ⣬һҪɡ
֮ҲûſУǰȻ߳Сλɵǰ
֮󣬶λɣͶ´һֻʮ꣬òҲ֮ͨȴһɾʮֵʢʵѾʼۣΧһӰ졣
λϴҲǼʶ㷺һӣ֪ǰʿгɣɲô׶Ըġ
վڻɵĶ棬һԲǱ˵ֲɽУ˼ʲô
ǻɡǺǺǡһЦгѵ־ֻɽ𣿡
֮´һɣȻһЦҡҡͷֺʶȤҪ֪ˣһҲƽƽ𣿡
仰׵ǻֻѾû˸ղǴüĿӡ
үҾСʿ֪߾֮
˵֮͵ǰһԾצֱͷ­
ڳʱ˷ԷͻȻϮҲģֻһ˾˵ڡ
һվǾʹӻȡʦɷȻ͵һס
ʦɷ뿪ģƵƮһ£ȻǷʲôڰжס֮һֱǻǶȥ
ǻһκͶѾʱҲַ䣬ΪʩչķҲͺͶѾ࣬Ҳģֻǰһ͵ٻһצҪơ
ǵצʦɷʱ̾ʹצϴһǿĵֱӾ˳צϮࡣ
ɼʶ㣬һ֪ԷӲƴջצӾԽһɣ㿪Ƿķ䡣
ٶȻˣǷһֱӾͻλɡ
䵽һ磬Լĺˮһӿɵ塣
һ»̾;ھ٣ڵһ¾ͺˮ֮Уһʼڱը
ֻôһ£λɾЩܲˣֻ͵ſڵϣȻһʼͣĺ
ǵĶղ͵Ĺڵ˳ȥ
ȴһֱվڣλɵĶûκεֹ
ֱվˣ˵֣ô֪˰ɣʶĸϽһ
ǸɺǷǳķŭֻſڵ֨֨֨Ľ˼Ȼ͵Ŀʼڵϣ԰е
ǵĶе̾ͽһ»ǵڡ
»һǵ壬̾ͳˢеƣʦɷҲų塣
͵˼Ȼſ˴죬һ
տʼʱֻһŰ뿪ԽԽԶ̾ͱһŻɳɳ͵ľӿȥ
û뵽ԷôһУһӾͱɳС
ڻ¶΢ЦΪһһǸʿһʱѾһ⣬һİס
ǻĻɳ֮ײȻڽ֮ϴһȴûκε˺
ԭΪԷһѾԼʩչ˽䣬ƽǱڣһ˺̾Ͳγɫϡ
ҲǳһҿԼǰ˷ҪȻĻһһԼС˺
֮Ҳ׼ˣֻӻȡһľ⣬Ȼ߸ߵ֮󣬽ſ
巽ʹ顣Ƽ̳ԾΪǲȥа뷡
꣬ѾγһɵţӵǻǾͰȥ
һ̾һӿգ۵ļĹѾǵԡ
Ǹû뵽㻹׷һ¿ǳ˿ֻȵϣǻ̾;Ѫӿǵ⻯ɵ͵뵽ڡ
һؿɺһʦɷͬһεʱֻʦɷһȴ׷
Ǳ׻УֻԼѾˣڵڵҲпʼת顣
ֻôһ֣Ǿ֪Լ²Ƕ֣Ҳˣתӡ
ʱӵˣֻ߸߾ľ
һתأתɷûתת׻𾪣תתɽת޵ͷһʮֲΪ֮²ö
֮бʵҹգҲܲƾһһĿռȫ
ǻǶʱı仯Ƿǳע⣬һбɫ֪ãС۾Ĵһɨô̾׼һͨӴ˽ȥ
һ߸ո׼÷ҪʩչͼǻǽͨļУһ£ЩͶ


208 ֱ
Ȼϵ׷ʱˣֻǴӱγ˱ȻһԽ׷ǻǾȥˡ
ԾһҵԺУĴһһ䷿䣬Щڡ
ͲµӦöҲ˼ʲôˣֱӾŽȥˡ
ǵȵȥ֮ȴ߲ûκεĶֵʱͻȻһľ
һŮܵвʱľֽ
һ֪ãǸϽ˳˷䡣
һѾԺеˣûеԺӸžѾײˣ˼ĴСӡ
ЩһǷſţվһںӰϾΪʲôɻأǸŹ㣬һӵϡ
ܸʲôֻǱͷܣԾԾԺӣӻ
Ȼص֮㻹ıııֱղԼʵ̫çײˣû뵽Ľթ
ˣҲôһأȵһεʱԼһκߵĻᡣ
ʱĿɽѾҳһţΪǼҵ˴СУѸĴҲȫ
ЩŹһʼڿɽĴѰҪɻ׽ù鰸
ִƣͲҳţֻУֱһҹۣظԻؼ֮һ
ڶϣ׼ųȥҵԵģžͱ졣
㼱æ߹ȥһԭܼһγǰ
˯ÿɺãܼ۾Ķ㣬̽ʵ
µ˵˯ûպϣǰҹʱ֪Ϊʲô￪ʼҳһš
Ǵ˸ɻͻȻңҵĹˣҪǼ˳Ԯʱˡ
ŶǴﻹвɻ֪ʡ
⵹ǲǣǴ廹ƽӦһĸ۵С
űӵ˵ͷȻܼҽ
ܼҽ֮۾ͿʼĴɨ󿴵˸ոմӲ񷿳ληʦ
ܼˣλӦռȵֱӰ¾ΪУηʦӦöֻΪסˡ
ԴܼҾ͵ûпһȻЦǺǵĸĴ
ȵ֮ʵܼһΪʲô
ûʲôҼү֪ˣʮֵĸˣһ𡣡
£йţҡҡͷܾˡ
²үӣʵһضѾڿɽʧ٣ҪŰ£ȵһضѾ֮һԵŰݷá
ܼĻʼЩƮϴЦ˵ȻҾͲˡ
˵ܼ֮ұ㹰ָǣ԰͵ţֱܼҲˣ»
һηʦ۾ܼʧķжĽҲ뿪طһ뵽İԵϨ˼
ûзληʦС˼»ص֮УʼŽԼô졣
ڶѾӰҲ֪ǲǱǸǸˡҪǲϽҵѾһǻȥ֮һҪöѾġ
һ뵽ӵżվĴ֮˼Ȧ¶ҪԳֱӶ˶Էϳ
붨֮󣬾ʹӻȡջ
֮ԼüģʼĬĬĸӦ
һ·䣬Ȼ򶫱˿¶΢Ц֮߳˴ڲſµηʦ˵ţǸǻˣӦ֪ôɡ
ηʦ֮һ£Ѹٵ̧ͷһۣȻͷ˵ֻһͨˣǸɿдģҪ»Ҳû취
㲻غ£ǸѾҵ׷ˣڿһֻ磬ֻҪСƾܽס
Ǹηʦֻ֮ǲ鲻ԸĴӦ
㿴Ӿָ֪ϵģҲû⣬Ϊڴ֮õȻõģֻҪǸǵһԺ֮У̾ͻᱻס
ʱɽ첻Ӧеصز顣
֮һӾͳֱȥ
ηʦˣһȻſĴĴҪһǸǲǻˡ
ǳʧ˺ܳʱҲ»ֻεĻص֮С
˵뿪˿ɽһ·򶫱Уܿͽ˿ɽͱĴɽ֮С
˳ŸоܿһСɽǰ㲢û̽ȥڸһǸߵСɽ̽
У⴦СɽĶ߻رܡľǻˡ
ЩǳһȻ֮ͨ⣬ĶһЩӦѾʼ
㿴֪ҶԵطˣӦǻǵˣĻҲô࿪Ե֡
ȻͲˡ
⴦ɽڴһɷ
ɷΪϤ󷨣˰ǳѸ٣ªҲûʲô֮ģֻڸ߿ʯͷĲá
ֻһӵʱ䣬ɷѾɡ
֮Ҫ󷨣Ϊ˶סڣһȥ֮󣬵֮㣬һУ궼вö
֮Ŵҡڵߵɽ
ɽû߶ԶʹӲݴдܳһǣǿͲӦǸոտǣûмİˣ˶㲢¡
ȴû뵽Ենǳһ̧־һơ
СҽжֱӾͱ˻ҽ
֮㿴ҲСǵʬ壬ֱӾͽɽ꣬ǰС
һβľڣ㾹ȻĸǵС
ЩСǴɱ䣬ֻҪײǰûһӳƵĺ
㵹˼̣֪֮УֺȻĶЩСǳɳôÿһ󶼿Ҫмʮ˵Ѫ
ôһңҲɽеֵõϢ
տʼʱһĻңǺܿɽƽǰߣҲûзκε֡
ɽʱ򣬷վӣλŮӡ
Щ͵һûʲô𣬵֮УЩǻû
ܹΣҲЩУҲҵģڶԷʮ׵ľվסˡ
ǸΪ׵Ů֣ǰһʵҰΪʲôǵĶɱ޹
һЦԹȻƶħߣȻҪ𡣡


209 һԲϾͿ
ͣһ£Ȼ˵οЩ׽ҵʦãҲ͹ֲƶĺ
˵ЩʲôǱ޵Ԥ˼飬ô׽ʦã㲻Ҫס
ǲؽƱ磬ɽ͵ǸǲЩ̾ĳѨ
ǸŮĻһ㶣Ȼ´һ˵ֻɵľסڣûǵĵӡ
ЦЦҲƱ磬ֻǴӻȡһ֮󣬿дʡ
ʦģ׷˻꣬ķꡣ
꣬ǷҲʼųһȻѸٵɢ
ʱȺһҡҡλεģȻ˳
Ϊ׵Ůּ龰üͷ
С壬˺ûãϿȥڳʲôܣ
һСȴûŮӣֱȥ
һǸŮЩˣԱߵһʹ˸ɫǸεǰһ׽סС塣
ԴҲڣֻڶԷС׽֮˵СбһһǣϽĽʦãĻǾӵĺǣʱһҪȺָϾɱ
ǸŮĻʵû취ˣﶼ޳ʿô˻ȥʲôʦãҪУͽȥˡ
Էʵǿ󣬿Ҳ˿ӦˣĻᵽȻ
Ȼǲֻǵĵˡ
λȷʵûʦãҪǲžܽȥѣֻҪѳл
˶ԷĻЩò⣬ԷôѵûжѾ
ôѾʧپȻǺЩйϵ
û˵һŮʿ
Ļһ˵꣬ŮԱߵһС֣۾Ϳʼ˸
εȵһС˸֪СӦ֪һЩʲô
ͻȻǰһԾڱ˻ûüӦʱ򣬾ͽոջεС׽УȻ͵Ծȥֻһգ۵Ĺ򣬾뿪Щʮ׵ľ롣
ȵվʱЩǲŷӦ
ЩһԼͬ鱻׽ˣ̿ʼ룬һѾʼǰۣҪȻǸС֡
վǰǸŮͻȻһ֣ѹסЩֵɧ
Ůֶͬ飬֪̫Щ˾ȫҲԷԸġ
Ǻ⣿
㲢ûŮ֣۾еСʵʲôطѾˣ
ǸСѾŵûˣʻͲ
صûмλŮʿǰʱ̸֪ôһԣˣҪһ꾫ߣͻᱻռ
һüǵΪʲôҪվѾ
˵ŮǴ֮壬ռǰܿ켸
˵ͷôˡ
Ѿʱټ⣬Щаħ˵Ȼ¯
һɹòҪѾʹһ취ڲŶѾ̣ҪѾ͵Լ
ǸּСѾ˵ܣҲͲ
ֻһʱ̰ģŵСɹãҺûɴĹһأҵһԼСɹòġ
һЦҵˣڼ˲Ƕ֣˵ҪǲЩЦ𣿡
˵֮Ҳֻ֣һþеǸС̾ͲӶ
ǸŮּɱԼĵܵܣ۾ЩˣҲʲôʵˣֻһİֳ̾ԭΡԭһһ˶ߵĻǡ
ֳԭΣߵЩʮҲ׷׵ضֻǻֳԭΣ߱Ϯһʼдʡ
һֳԭεŮ֣Ȼǰѣȴûг嶯ĳ˼˵Ⱥֵ֮һڰγһɻɫЩܿСɽӿ
㣬һעһ̾;û̱Ҳʼã
Ͼڵˣһãڵоͷųһɷϵ¸ϴһ顣
һѹѵҲЩˣԱߵһСѾǰ㻹ûзӦ֮ǰצֱظ
ȻȫȻûȫһֻؿǳѪۡ
ǿ⹥֮ûгɣ̾ͽżأ͵ԾȥһӾ˺Ⱥֵľ롣
ЩȻٶȿ죬ǻǱһЩ֮̾ʹӻȡľ⣬ȻʹףԼһ֣ͻӳһ֡
һִʩչ۵׵֮Ǻܶ࣬׷ǰߵСҲĻȻ̱ڵء
ô˹ٴκˣ֮󣬽ӳơ
Щ׷СҲ˷ټݣ⼸ƶǲûйв
⼸²Ϊ˽ǻɱΪΪԼȡʱ䡣
⹦Ѿʮɵľ룬վ֮־ľ⣬
һתأתɷûתת׻𾪣תתɽת޵ͷһʮֲΪ֮²ö
ո꣬СɽϿգĺƱ㿪ʼۡ
ǸŮ֣ƿʼۣ뵽Ǹʿ׷֪ãں߲ͣĺС
⺿пɲеģÿһٴ죬йɸС
ȵ֮ͻȻ֣ԼŴһ
ֻһѪʹӿӿѪ絽֮󲢲£ƶһʼĴӡ
Щӵķǳ죬ܿͰСɽһס֮ее֣ͻȻĶʼ˷һʼպС
ǸŮֶһָɽмʮ֣ҵĿһ㣬ӵȥ
ʱ׷Ѿ׼ĲˣֻжǰߵЩ¡
ǰбž£ָطʼͺ䡣
ⷶΧ֮ڵС̾ͱһףĻҽʣˡ
Ȼ߰˸©֮㣬ܲ˵
ʱǾþδʱҲֻǱ˼ΣǶЩһ֡
վ֮󣬾УҪǹ÷ôľᱻԷҵĻᡣ
ʩֶΣԼڽҲһɡ


210 ֽɱ
Ҫ˵ĻҲмд󲿷ֶзģҪ˵ܹҲֻһˡ
׻
ֻͻȻ̧ͷ̫̫һ
커ػʮԪү껤»ջʱײ㻤뱱϶ɼ̫Ͼ뷡
ھֻ꣬ڲ֪γͻȻһֱӶϡ
ʱ˿˷ۣͻ֣ᷢʱѾǽ壬ͬʱⲿѾɽγһס
ոʩ귨ʱһСѾܵǰֻצֱظצû壬ײʲô
СǾһҽУԭղŵײѾצȫ顣
̧֣ʩչƣֱӾͰǵš
ֻ˸ͬʱڰаǾ̻˻ҽ
΢΢һЦִӻȡ˿
ֻſڰҡҡǿ̾ͷųĺ֮йЮһħͷ
Щħͷһ뿪˿̾˷һ˺˵ļХȻСɽпʼϵķҴܡ
ȺǸŮּ龰ʧɫ
Ϊڰзħͷÿһ˵ĵжЩСֱ֣޾
Ѿ˲ñˣֻӻȡһƿȻһˤƿ̾ͷųһɺɫЩգۼɽȡ
ǵ棬ǸϻǸķ
ֻɽȵӣɽевľѾʼѸٵĵ㡣
ľǱǵľѾȫıɫա
ɫ֮еЩǣҲʼ鷳
ֻһĺɫЩʼ뵽ɫ֮УЩŸ־ӵų˺⡣
һ龰ɫЩŭ
ɽ֮УΪӦ֮ЩСС֣뵽ԸЩûгɵеС֣ôĹ򣬼ѹ׵ı¶վˡ
ϿЩҲסˡ
ҧҧӻȡһֽȻ󵱿һףֽƮƮȻڵϵʱѾһӡ
ԱߵǸŮͼæ˽ϽΡ
Ҳһ̧žͽ˽ӣȻڽһġ
ֻ̾ͷų˹̣ѸٵСɽӣѸٵĽɫɽȵһߡ
ЩɽзŵĹּ龰æٵӴܣһȫ뵽֮С
㵽˻ݣֻڽо˿ŶԷɫǼ¡
⿽Ķ̾ͷųһĲʼǺɫӡ
ǺɫεĹѾһΧһЩѾʼϡ
ĺڴ˳֮ѸٵǰƽܿľͽɫȫİΧм䣬ҿʼһķǰӡ
ʱɽеЩȫںɫ֮У̤һ
ǸŮּ龰Ѿ޴ˣѾþԼеİ취
ʱԾѾȲʤȯȻԼò£Ĺ֣Ǻ֮ж⵽
ӻȡ˼ŰֽȻȡһѣýļֽʮŸֽˡ
ֽ֮飬̫壬Σֽɱǹң
꣬ʮŸֽںǵԣһ㿪ʼвͣŤ
ĵͷȻ˽еֽһףͬʱ
̫΢۾飬ͱףаͲ壬ͥ㵶
һڰƮƮЩֽ˴˹ȥ
㴵ûڰɢǷֳʮŹɣܿ뵽Щڰеֽ֮ڡ
Щֽ˵̾ʹŽ⣬ڵϵʱѾʮŸˡ
ʩչǼֽɱ
ŷԭǲģӰСõһⱾомֽɱ
ԴӵõǱ֮󣬾ϸйһֱûлʩչ
ŷǡ
ʮŸڵ֮һ
ºһָЩ̾ͿʼжֻǸԾŵǹɿĳ֮С
ں֮еЩСҲûţǸֳԭΣʼЩ˷˽
мǸŮҲʼӽ䣬Щڿʼٵתÿһξ˵壬ǵı浴һ
Ůַͣĥ˵⣬ʹЩ
һȴˡ
ȻǺɫͣתҲԽ˵һĥãǲ֪ʲôԭĥٶȴǳĻ˲ɲĵز
ЩڸٵЩСսһ
ЩСǣȻ˵ѾԿʼǵʱ䲻Щһ󣬸տʼǿֵʱƣһ߱㿪ʼ
ЩСֵֵסͣĺˣ󲻵ò˳˺ɫıƿصĺ֮С
Сָոս̾ĶСֻüҽһ㱻˸ʬ
ڽУĻſʼͣĳǺɫ
㿽ųĲԼֽųĺ빥ǺɫѾʼֵסʼɢ
мŮּ龰֪Ѿûа취ˣֻǺݺݵĿһۣȻεĿ˿ԼԵЩС֡
ЩСָƯ˺ܳʱ䣬ôһ֮أû뵽ոհ˼죬Ҫɥɽ
ŮԽԽߣͻȻ֮쿪ʼУźȻʼӴȻ˼ɵĸ¡
ڽ֮УüͷŮʹʲôѵǴ˵еķأ
ŷĻô鷳ˡ
Ҫ֪ⷨؿɲǱô򵥡
ǰԼˣʵȻ
ⷨһЧصͨ˼˵Լ뵽֮кسΪһ壬ﵽ˺һĿġ
һʩչͨˣܹȽعڼʹԼͨﵽܹⷽɵļޡ
ȻͬʩչŷЧҲͬ
ʩչ˵ıص⣬صĳ̶кܴĹϵ
ǸŮֱõ֮ðź⣬צֱӾǰһԾ˺ɫı˺֮С


211 Զ
ҲɵӣŮֳ˺֮Уһֽӣֽ̾ͷųһĲ
ⲨĵǺ̾ͷǷڵˮһ
еŮ̾͸оһɹɭϢʼ֮ͣȥ
ŮԼͨҲ⣬󲽾ʹֽӵԱߣһȭͷֱӾֽȥ
ֻ΢΢һЦȻһһֽӣֽ̾ͷųһɺɵĻǣǸֵǰ
Ůֵצ⻪֮ϣֻ⻪һ£֮ȫ⡣
Ů־þδʱͻȻеȫһ֡
ִֻŵһ¾Ůֵϣһ²ûиŮ˺ֻһֻǰسһҺɫİƣֵѾ
龰Щ죬û뵽ŮʩչķȻ
ԼղŵǼ֣ǵ棬λɱҲܲС˺λŮ־ȻֻǱĺһ
ҲûżŮӲƴֻýһǽӣֽ̾ͷɵ˰֮С
˿ȡǱľ⣬һѾҪȫʩչ׷ȡŮֳˣʡԼ鷳
巽ʹ顣Ƽ̳ԾΪǲȥа뷡
꣬СɽȵϿձ㿪ʼۼŨŨĺƣЩ֮е˸һ֪Ǻ¡
ǸŮ֣Ѿͨ죬͵һԾһӾԾ˼ʮɣһ˲ĽԱߡ
ʱոûйŮ˿ɳ֮
ֻŮ֣ڵצһӾڽԱߵǸŮ͵ϡ
ǸŮһ̾ͱ˺̣֮ɺдһ뵽ֽ֮С
תֽͨ̾ʹܳȥ˼ʮɣһ˫ľ롣
ǸŮһɹڵϣһνżأԾȥ
һȴûиٴη𹥻Ļţֻһתأתɷûתת׻𾪣תתɽת޵ͷһʮֲΪ֮²ö
ָ˻ڰеǸŮ֣ȻǺ֮У̾һ硣
磬ǺԭųףнȻͬ
ֻһ˲ͻգǸŮֵͷ
ŮֱУ̾ǻð˺̣һƿŮֵľڡ
ǸŮֻüҽһ㱻ڵϡ
ȵ֮Ůֱ㿪ʼ鴤żɸߵۿɼήȥȵһжƽʱŮѾúԭһĸߵͣͨѾˡ
ŮѾв̵ǰһָϾ߰˸ǸŮȥ
һ߰˸ֲû˺Ůֻ֣ǷֱŮֵ壬ʹѹסŮڵķ
㵽˲ĵͷ֮ĿһͶ뵽Ǻɫ
ֻʱֽųḷ́ѾǺɫʴĲˡ
ټʮλ˵ĽЩСѾ˲أֻ߰˸ȻսѾˣۿž֧Ųסˡ
ʱٴֽһ£Ĺ֣̾һηӵǺɫ֮С
һβͬǣһɫѾǿ֮ĩȻ⻹ڲͣ𵴣ǶڳеĹ֣Ѿûκεвˡ
ֵļ룬ںɫ֮еЩС֣ǲһˣֻǼĹЩС־Ѿȫ˸ʬ
ֵıǺɫܿҲɢˣɽ֮бĺȫסˡ
ڣֽ߳ǸŮֵǰ
СʶĻѸղŵǷ㲻Ļν𡣡
ԭסŮֵǿŮָղʩչŷ
ŷǲǷأҲǺͷЩԨԴӦǴͨ򻯶
ԼõŷֻҪˣһŷ˵еط
֪ǸŮҲӲʻûлش𣬷ݺݵһڡ
İɣҪõؼ
֮ЩˣСòʶ࣬Ȼ㲻á
˵֮󣬶ܵĽʹɫЩ˱ٵǹһӵϣŮֿࡣ
Ůһ̾Ȼݺݿ㣬һ۾Զȥ
ȴ̣أֻеĿһӣǿ̾ͷųһķֱӾͽѾӶݵԶǰ
Ůֵһ֪ãǰʿҪнԼ꣬Ȼʳͨ
Ůָɴһݣʼڵ֮ҪԼɢ
еĿǰһжǰ׷ѵģֻĿֱӾʹǸŮֵ֮ϡ
һӴȥŮֵڱѾ𵴵̾ƽŮδ߶һ̯ˮֺܶ
ôС֣֪˰ɣϿ콻ͨұֻء
ʿˣҾǻɢҲ˵һ֡
ߺߺһЦ֮ҡǿ̾ͷųһḷ́̾һֱӾסֵ꣬Ȼס˿֮С
֮ٴҡžһ̴ӿз˳֮ڵһȵٴվʱѾǸŮֵꡣ
ڵλŮֵѾղѱˣֻվԱߣȺʻ
ղʩչʲôʵ
ŮֵʻæʩһȻ˵ˣŷںɽһɽżϰãʲô֣Զ֮Ҳûмء
üȻʵǸ棬ǷҲѧı£
ڵǸҲѧŷǻɵĹҪʩչԼŷ˵Ҳһв
ˣڵʱĴ˽ģûֻΪѹ׵Ĺ컹ǵһʩչ
֮ǴϲȻԽ֪ԽãȫֻԼһ˻ʩչǱա
ʲôطǰȥ
Ůֵ֮ĵͷ֮תȥɽƮȥ
һֽӽں󣬶Ĺ֣Ҳǰͣķ㣬һ·ɽȥ


212 ʯ
Ůֵ㣬ɽһɽ¡
ڽҵĿ˰죬ҲûзŮ˵ɽ
ɽʲôط
Ůֵһطһָ
ˣɽ
˳ָķϸһԭһһ߷ԲС
㿴ֱüСֱһôܺɽᲢۣ
ŮҲ˼ǸϽ˵ˣСǸոհᵽĴˣʱڵġ
֮һ£ȻʮŸ˵һ֣һͨ·
ЩķԸһӵϣԻűʼǸСڵĹģ
ڽпЩˣɵȻ죬Щģһվŵ˵·ж೤
ˣͨмʮɵľ룬տʼ£˺ʯ
ЩɣֻĻܺڣ˺ȫʯ¾Ͳôͨˡ
Ȼ߶ʯôŮôôģ
뵽оһѵŮֻʲôԼģ뵽ʱֲľ˿ϡ
ȻʯΪʲôҪôԶľ룿ɲˣô˵
ǸŮֵĻ֮ԵЩɣٴλ˿ǿųһĹŮֿʼڡ
ˣʱڸˣʱ򣬸оһٻң˱ɼĿʼھ򣬷˺ôĹڵһͨɽ֮С
֮ûȫţſһ£ȻͻȻ֣ǿٴηų֮󣬽Ůֵһ˿С
һ֮ſһЦ
һεʱԼΪ˱Ů˼ûȫ˽ģһأûбҪˡ
뵽ʱ追Σбֹһڵ棬±ǸŮ֡
һŮѾʮֵľګһֵľżһ
ֻƲһۣ㲻°ԼעеĶϡ
ɽȻŮֵ˵տʼʱ㸲ǣ˺ȫʯˣûǰǰһЩ˶ҪѺôĹ
Щ˶㷨ۣǼ֪ƣټں߲ͣΪӷЩ˸ͺһٶȻ⡣
Щһֱɵ죬Ŵͨһͨ·
ڽпͨľͷһɽ
㲢û̾ͽɽ֮УΪɲ֪ͷʲôأһҪԼֵļƲߣʱҿ¾͵òʧ
Ӷϰٵ̾˳ͨ뵽ɽ֮С
˺һͨӦЩ꣬ûзʲôΣĽӣֽӣͨͨ·ɽ
ɽ֮Ĵֻĵɽûκεĳĵط
һ£ȻЩֿʼɽ֮ĴѰҡ
ЩôķڣȻ޷ɽ֮зκϡĵط
пЩˣ֪ӦŮһʱ
ڿɺˣѾ˱ɽȴ֪ʲôطš
㲻ģֽȻǰȥȻһֻһͨɽ
㵽ЩˣѵһԼҪֶ飿
εʩչۣҪпʲôߡ
ɽУȻûκε״
㳹׵ˣԼûǷԵ֣õͨ
ĵһɲǣ޾ʱγ֮УǹͻȻ۾
ڹ۵һ˲䣬̾ͺ͹ϵһ𣬶Ҳһ˲Ӧ˹뷨
һ˲һӴķŷ˳һεͨӿ뵽֮ڡ
ɷӿ㣬ȫ¿ʼųһ˲ͽɽȫ֡
ɽ֮УŹ𵴣һط״
ֻһɽڴ˸ɫĹââȻ΢ȴǿĵֵŹķŷ
һ龰Ͼ֪ԼҪıڴ˴ˡ
ǰһ̹֮ϸĹۿֻ̹Ǵɽڵĺ͸
㼱æˣ⴦ɽھһƻ
ʯķ裬ǰֳһСңǲرĵطˡ
ȻǰȻûз֮ģָֻһָ̾ˣС֮С
˸ո̤Сң̾ʹĻأֻһɫһӴǽˣ̾ͻ˷ɻҡ
һǴʧɫҿԼСģĻ͸ղһԼѾ
Сң˰죬һһŵһʼӿС֮С
ӿ룬С֮еҲͣ𵴣нСҵ걻һ֣̾ͻɢ
վ߿۵ֱ£Ҫ֪Щ꣬òײռģѵҪĴ
ȻЩʧȴûֹͣͶ
Ϊ֮УߵĻؾû֣ټôӦˣҪЩ겻ͣĳЩ
ĻȷЩĽ룬տʼʱЩ̻ʮ˺ÿһҲʼð
ЩеҲ̵ľͻɢֻᱻƮҽвѡ
¶һ˿΢ЦؿϾҪȣٽԼԵĽҲȥһص
Ȼɳ֮Ǹɽ֮ҲԽԽȫʧˡ
Ҳ̤С֮У˭֪߻ʲôأ
ͽˣʼС֮صߣ̽С֮Ƿķ
һ֮̽С֮вûκεı仯ǷģСʯС
֮ĴĴ⴦Сʯ֮Уֻһţ֮Ҳû
ߵмǰϸĿ˿Ȼһ£ǰȥϸĹۿ
ôеţҲֻһͨĲݱš
̾һڵϣСʯ֮УһοʼСʯ֮еĵ涼˼ߣҲûзҪĶ
ȫʧˣԼûǸԵֵõͨˡ


213 д
̾һʧȥ
Ҫ뿪СʯҵʱͻȻվסˣȻ͵ĻͷǸԼһԵĲš
͵һûʲôϡ棬ȫũͨš
һ룬ɽѾ֪ˣŷɽһԶôʱ侹Ȼûŷκε𻵺͸ࡣѵûʲô
뵽ǰȥУһϸĹۿܿʧˣУȻƽƽ棬Щª
ĵһʩչۣŵĵϸ
Ȼƽûκιâ˸Ҳûκβȫһ
վϸһ룬ȻԼŵĵϸĸоУӦйŹ֡
ȻɴͰûȥһʱϸо
ֱ֮ӾͰżԼĸ֨£Ȼ߳ɽ
ȳɽ֮ɽϸѰһ£ЩСֵľסҵһЩɢɢĶ
˵һЩɢӣһЩ֪͵·ҪĸַؼһҲûС
̾˿ȻֽӣɽͶȥ
صɽ͵ʱɫûзֽҲľɽ͵ˡ
Žһ·»ص
ĽӣոĴԺ̾;˲еǸηʦ
ηʦԴӴһ̰ŵһƨɶն˵ϡ
ԭУֻһɫĹĽӣǰ̧ǵԺС
ȻηʦûκεķǸǸʱˣҲ֪һЩֵ飬һξ֪ɹˡ
˵ԺеֽӣֻȻźߵĽӴһǽ̾ͻһẓ֮́ƮƮУһŰֽ
㽫ֻյԼĻУпһۣȻ˵׼ЩԵģһûԷˡ
ǲеηʦŸһ̽Դ⿴ˣԺǸѾӰվԺеһԼ鷳ʿ
εʿҵæӲгֱλүү׼Եġ
ڷԸ֮󣬾ͻص˶᷿УϸĹۿ
һ֪ô£㾹ȻԣȻȻûзźʲôȴ֪֮нһľ硣
ⲻ˼룬˼룬Ƿľ֮Уʱ
ͻȻ᷿Ǹεʿ˵׼ˡ
һ̰ľ֮к˳
㲻õüҲû˵ʲôŷԼĴϣվ򿪷ţһ
ֻǸεʿһ̶ĵվڷſڡ
еֲЦˣԷЦһǫҲûֻǽӹ֮˵ûʲô¶ˣȥϢɡ
˵껰ֱ֮ӾͰŹˡ
ǸεʿûйԼһȻһɵ»ص˲У˯ȥˡ
صУİ˼ڷڴϣһΣҪ硣
Ҳ֪ΪʲôһôŪţûκεķӦ
ȫйˣֱӾӵ˿ͷϣԼҲڴϿʼ˯ȥ
˯֮УоԼƮƮһط
ɽߴ䣬ư磬߲ͣлвʷڲͣε
ʵվѾⷽصˣȫ԰Ρ
ͻȻʱһˡ
ֻλͷϽڣ߲ʵۣ̤ģ˵һеȫ档
ֻʿһеĸ¡
Զ⸡ӹ֮󣬺ûκεĲǺܿȴоԾˣΪʼӿһС
еķͻȻ֮еĴԾһ
һԾͳ̾ͳɵȻ
дһȻ͵ȥǰߵצѾֱǵʿĶŶȥ
ǵʿ͵˼һһΣдʣֻҲӭͳûмµĹͳǧɵĸ߶ȡ
ڣǸʿǰ˸Сܡ
ֻǵʿ͵ǰһܣŵ¾һʿֱеĽȥ
ǰеĽҲʾֻǰһˣ͵ؾʹӿһɽɫĻ棬ôڵʿǰء
ǵʿĵۣ̾ͱȼ
ǵʿҲûκεĺ£ֻһץͰȼĵ۴˺ȥ֮ڵϡ
ȻǵʿԾǽǰ֮˾ֱ֣Ӿץסǽ
ǽܹöԷԼֻһͰ⵹ǵֱ֮ϣȻ͵뽫ֱȫĽ顣
ôֱȻ˿
ǵʿ֣ץסǽԴȻһ
ǽһҵĺУȥ
ǵʿץŽ壬͵һˤ
һǽӰб䣬ֱӾ˲ԶһɽϣɽֱӾһ롣
ǸһҲѾЩһϢ
ʿ´£ȻǰӻȡһȦֱ˽Ĳ
֮ǵʿҡҡ̴ӽǧɸߵͣС˵ĴС
ǵʿǽҲʼСһֻһĽɫСߡ
ֻСߺѾ˵İţҡҡͷӣȻʿĵۡ
ǵʿ΢΢һЦ͵һ߿һۣȻ̤Ʋʷɿʧˡ
Զ㣬ʿһ̾;ûɢ
ΪղǵʿһۣǿһУ֪Ĺȥδ
ĸо֮Уǵʿöֻ֣ҪһԼûк³
ܿʹξ֮˳ȵǵĴӴѾԼǺ廹ڲͣķ
ǱԼеǸʿˡ
˺ðȵµƽʱͻȻԼʶУһʮָӵķ䣬⡣
㲢ûк£ΪǶԷԼµֻҪԼԽִôܹԷĸӦ
ʱֻҪԼӦº͹Ϊһ壬ƾǹλӦܹ׵ľĶԷ䡣
ںĵʹ֮£ʶǴǸһ¡
㴥Ƿ䣬Ƿ䣬ͻȻĿʼӿһ˺Ȼƣ㵤ﴦڵʼӿԴԴϵķ
ⷨӿǷ䣬ѷųһĹ򣬽ȫ
оԼ͵һԴ˷


214 ɽ
֮ɢȥķû˷Ĺ䣬ʶеǸҲֹͣ˷Ź⣬ĳ
Ź۲ԼֻѾһҾԼǻӵ
ڲžС˵֣ްѣ޵޻ʲô硣
УӻһҾԼڱǰӵˣǷսƾڵԶԸǧ
һȴЩˣô
ոһʶеǸ̾˸Ӧʱķ͵һϸŵͿʼȥҲʼָԭ״
ָԭ״֮㣬¿˿ԼûʲôԼϴĵ۶ûбơ
ⷨ˿ŷӦһͨʩչͨʱ򣬻еĹУ֮󣬷ŴĲ·ͷҲڹİ֮һ𳤴
ڴϣӴǸţһ֪ôʹˡ
лһ˵ʶֻҪŸУͻܵõʶĴڡ
ţ۾ȴ֮УλˣǰʱҲһλܣѾ޳ɣĻܽԼʶһ֮ͨϡ
֪ⷽ絽׷ʲô£ȻĴܶʧ
뵽ʱоһɴûйĿ־壬ð
Լһʱ֮ﵽһ磬ҲĥѰɣ
ֺܿԼϵʯָ֮ܿƽ
ֻҪʯָڣٴĥѣԼ޷ȹҲܹƾ´صִλ档
뵽ʱƽһЩ
ڶһ磬ľ˴һЩ緹Ȼ뿪ʼڸɽ֮ѰҶѾټ
Ǳ˵ĻҲֻɽϺҵѰңûһ̶Ŀ꣬㲻ͬڶѾԵǽʬԼӤǾ㳤ʱĶ
ˣڤڤлһЩӦ
Ӧܵʲô谭ʱʱҷǳϡͬϵȫϡ
ãȻ˵ӦʱʱģģǻǸһµķ
˳ⷽһ·УڵʱһСɽֹͣ˽Ų
ΪʱеĸӦȫжˡ
ҲǸе֣ķĿԽӦӦԽǿôһ쵽ĿˣӦûˡ
ʧȥӦĿ֮Ҳֻʹ취ˣۣɽ֮ϸĹۿƾֶ֮Էصĵط
У˴ɽƽƽ棬ûκε
ɽ֮һȦȻûзĿ꣬ûа취ֻڳڴһСɽ׼ʱϢһҹڶѰҡ
ɽҰ룬ҲҾĴ󵨵˯ȥϥʼش׷Լ
Ҳ֪ʲôԭ׷㼸οҪɹʱ򶼱ţ󹦿һ
ڣ㷨ԽڵҲĿʼڽɫ׷ȴȻ޷ʩչ
ֽо˵޳Ҫ˵ƾڵĹӦú׾ܹ׷ȫɣǣ󶼹һ
ȴûоһлᣬȻĬĬĹײ񽫺
һֱй˰ҹͻȻ֮ɽ֮С֮
ܾ֮󣬼æ˳룬֮ڿʼڵķջص֮С
ڰ֮һһػãûܵۡ
Ͼüͷɽ֮ôк֮۾һת뵽еԵɡ
ԼӦûдģѾӦþͶɽ֮УɽӦñʩչ˷Լû̽Ǿصĵط
Ѿ̽˶ѾصĴŷ˴֮
֮վɿԾɽȻżأֱɽ֮жȥ
ɽȴͷɽȵ¡֮ĻųֵĹâ˫Ӧöס
Ϊ˶Ѿİȫҵ飬µĲӵĿˣûаյĹѾ˴֮
˴һɽڴۿֻһ׷룬ȱˣһȣһɽڣͣĹ
ÿһλӶȣӹ֮зųһľ磬⾢ÿһײɽϣ
ɽںܲ⾢ĹѾʼ䡣
ˣһ۾ϳˣԼǸɡ
ܴԼ֮󣬲ɽ֮أԼֳ·㲻ߣŴ
붯ֵʱͻȻ֮ɽ֮зųһ⣬ź˸ɽȫʧǰһɽ
ǸɼɽʧϾ¶˾ϲ֮ɫĻӶȣмɽ֮С
ɽ֮оʹһĽȣžһŰɫʼӣǻɻӳľȫɡ
ڰ֮о߳˼ӰΪ׵һĸˣԱվһʮһСŮ
ֻСŮбһ̳ӣ󻹸һνӲӰ
ڰһСŮоһϲԭСŮˣʦöѾ
ҵǷˣȴû̵ֳΣΪڶѾԱߵԼйµǸ꾫
꾫Ȼ˵Լʾãԣ㻹ûȫİգһ̽һ¡
Ǹɼ꾫ֳΣϸո˵С꣬ʶĸϿ콻ԱߵСŮޣ
ǺҲʾ治֪ôСʦַǿκԣȵʦֻʱ򣬾ȻҪÿȰ㻹ǸϽ뿪˵أжԶӶԶɡ
ǻᵽѾʦ֣̾ıߣ۾Ѿˡ
ǺǣʦȷʵѾˣһСѾһ򾡣һֻʣϺҹһˡ
˵ʱǻ۷ų׹⣬ݵ۾ŶѾ˵һҪõСޣһСѩޡ
Ǻ걾ƾɣǿɵӣ֪ǲˣҲٶԣֻдʣʦģ׷˻꣬ķꡣ
ھ֮͵ǻһ㡣
һָ㣬оͽһ֮֮͵ľǻɹЮȥ
һʱûע⣬УӦʱ֮ѾΧţ͸оԼ꿪ʼҡҪ֮һ
һо֪ãҲ꣬һֲ֮תԼķʼе֮


215 
ǻɷת֮ܵʼų⡣
͵һˣȻ˺ͺɵľ롣
ֻɣеĹѾӳԶ֫ſڵأֻ۾ð˺⣬׺ݵĶŲԶĺɡ
һоЩΪһνֵʱõľһС
ȻɻûзӦǺõʱǸѾˡ
ֻŻðһɻֻظʼͻȻֻǰһ硣
һЮܵĻγһɻɳ͵ľǺɹЮȥ
Ǻһ龰֪ãһԵĶѾ͵ϴȥȻżɽڣԾǶһ
ȵأڻͷʱȴԭվĵطЩɽѾãǧٿס
ǸܵĽʬѾ飬ã⽩ʬǾ㾫Ķǳɳû˵
ǸȴˣԼһûгɹжֻһţ͵ǰһˣξԾ˰ա
ڰ͵һԭֻΣڼһֻͻ
ֻڿУٶ͵һ飬ȻһǺɡ
ڴŶѾЩˣȻȫɽϱۣȻûȫĶ㿪ǻǵĹ
Ǵܵɵԣצֱɵĺġ
ǺɽѾԼĻУȻȫĶڶѾۣȻһģǵצԼϡ
Σʱ̣Ѿ͵һԼеֻ̳̳зųһ̹⣬žһСſǻǵĸ
Ӥĳ֣ǵĶ͵ľǱ̶С
Ǻɳ⹦ԾԶ˻ɡ
ɱӤͨסҲֻһ˲Ĺת
ǹӤ֪ɵһҲ֣Ȼһ̹׷˺ɣ˶Ѿļͷ
ʱǱĻ·õĽʬҲˣֻٶһ׷ϻɣ͵ֻצͱĺ󱳡
ǻɿɲһôᱻô״УֻһŤɵľͶ˽ʬĹһţ˺ͽʬľ롣
֮ɶŽʬһૣҲ֪ʲô
ǽʬж㿪ʼһȻվﲻˡ
Զĺɣڿ˽ʬһۣ㲻ᣬŶѾ͵ɽȥҪӶݡ
ٶȱǻǻ࣬ǻһҪӶݣ㲻Ѿ챻סĽʬ͵һ׷
һ׷һ߷ĺС
ǵĺУǰߵĺٶ͵еĶѾҲʼ
ֻжѾͷĹӤȫ⺿еӰ졣
ӤץŶѾͷͣ˺ҪѶѾӻлѡ
ӤôжѾûκεķӦǺҲʼվãſŰ׷Ļɡ
ʱڰ㣬֪Լˡ
͵شӰƣϾҪ׷Ļɣһס
ǻۿžҪ׷ǰܵĺ꣬иأû뵽һˣǰվ㣬ʱѾˡ
ֻһӿգۼ˻ɵǰǻɸ˸š
ֻһҽУǻɱķɳȥףڵϷ˼վʱ͵Ŀʼ»ָĴС
վ֮ѪǰһվͺмģǸԼȫҵĳʿ
ǳ˼ۺ죬ֻһĲҽУȻһŭ
ʿҺʲôޣȻҪȫҡ
վһ䣬Ȼ˵˵ʲôޡֻ֪аħ˵ö֮
ããһаħ˵ö֮ҽʶʶаħ
˵֮㲻ͣĿʼظеһźð
ðĺظʼƣȻƵɵĿС
֮ǻ֫أ۽Ķ֮͵һſǰһ硣
ֻһźɫĹ
һ뿪ɵ壬̾ͷųĹȣĲľһ˲ȫȼ
ֻڰͣһ£žһײȥ
ǺһһȻʹ㡣
Сģǻɵڵ
˲ûк£һϲ
Ҫ֪ڴ˵ЩֵڵƵҩıԭ޷ܹõĵҩҲܹͨķڵһⵤ
ⵤ͵ӵȫķȻʹЩ鷳ڱҪʱܹ
̰֮ģɴڶֵʱ顣
ֻȻʩչ֣Ͼڰ֮һһĺɫڵȥ
һСǣֻڵͰеһӴͷųĻ棬֮һһײİȻٶȲײ
û뵽Էڵ˵һӱڵֵЩæңڵŶ㿪ڵͻϮ
վ֮ѾǻͷЩˡ
ҲһԼյõͨжʶʼӴʶеǸ䡣
ǷʶһӴ̴Ź㵤еڵҲʼתķЩ˳ľֱʶ
ⷨӿ룬ʶеķӵžһǷֳĿʼв֪ķںϣҲĿʼ͵͡
ԶǺɺͶѾѾĿ࣬Ϊǵֻҡҡ壬㿪ʼ͵ǣûмĹ򣬾Ѿʮɡ
ڵϵǸɣһ龰ŵǻɢôҲ˶꣬ҲЩ۹ģһĶ֪ǲ֪ͨ
ʲôģҪ
ǻһתͷ͵ؾԶȥҲԼڵˡ
ķɵеڵͻȻռ˻棬͵ǳʮɵȥ
ǻʹðϷΪͨԼӲ׼ڵ̰֮ģԼȡܵʱ䡣
㻹˵һлЩãռâɵǰڵ΢ͣһ£Ȼ֣͵һ֣ͽССڵԼС
ǻɵڵڱס֮ȴͻȻ͵ؿʼ
㲻òתڵС
ǵôһգ̾Ͷãһһʵ
ڵѾշŴӵԶĻǿȥǾ¶˲м΢Ц


216 
ǻææɥ֮©֮㣬һͷֻһ˼İԼٶᵽ죬ٶ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ʱ㣬ĿһܵĻɣ׷ȥ
Ҫ֪ڵ߿ʮɣһ󲽣Ҳκεı׾ֻµĹ׷ǻɵ
ȻͷǰܣĶȴͣĶţһ֪á
ʱ׷͵̧ǰߵǸСȥ
ʮɣĽҲһӴСһȥǻ˵֮֡
Ҳûоʹ˷ֻֿڵһϾͻһẒ̇ǰƮȥ
ĽẈֻ̂ǰɢһЩʣµĻ̼ǰٵļۡ
һûнȫɢֽ˼ǻ˼¡
Ķǻ̱ϡֻǰ͵Ʈ˼Ȼм俪ʼȵصʱֳǸɡ
ڵʮֵǱֻ¾ûкõĵطǰ߰˵˿ڣҿвͣѪ
һֳξڵϣҲˡ
ǰȥ͵ڵһ̣ͽԼС֮͵ľͽԱߵɽȥ
ǻɱѾ˶ãôһɽ֮ϣ̾ͱࡣ
ɿɲһȻѾ࣬ȴȻá
ֻ͵һƹ⣬ƹ֮оֳһСĻǡ
ɵ겢ûߣΪ֪ԼҲӲˣƸۿֶܲסʿ
ֻƹһɵ꣬գۼͷ
Ȼ;޴󣬵ȴǳɣһɵ꿿Ĵ־Ѿֹȥˡ
ȷʵƴˣֻͻȻԱһľ֣Ȼ͵ľûĶͷ
ûĶͷ֮̾վԲˡ
ǻûͷʶ֮󣬾;òԾΪռʵ̫ˣͲһСʿӵеʶ
ˣҲûԥ͵ļӿٶȣֱֱʶм䣬ҪȡĿȨ
ôУоԼԭûκεǰ
ֵʱͻȻ֮ʶ֮йâʢ
ɳһϸĹ۲죬ֻʶϿֳһ̫̫ĹâѾʱ
ɼ龰оһϲΪ֪Ǹ̫ӦþʿڣҲɣ͵һܣֱϷŹ̫ȥ
ǵŻɽӽ̫ʱȴâҫۣ˸һִȱĹʣô꣬Ӧ˼ᶨ֮Ҳоһİģ˼
ɸеľʱϵ̫â͵һֳһ
һ龰Ͼһô£ʿô
ԭǻɵԼʶ֮󣬾֪á
ȻͨͨǻûкԼʶ֮
ʶ֮еʵ̫գһСԼͻ
ɲ﷭˴һ̾ϵλ潲˵Ĺ
㶯˼֮̾˼΢΢һЦֳ޵Ĵȱ⡣
âпʼ˸γһķգۼ뿪˹ľֻһ˲ʶ֮С
ķԼʶ֮̾˸ӦֻһԾͺķΪһ塣
ȵֳεʱѾʼŹʶյһƬͨ
ҲʱǸɵܵԼǰ
ֵֻ΢΢һЦ̾Ϳʼһգ۵ĹͱĽ
ǻ۹⣬徻⣬ѹ⡣һʱҫĹͨ
ǱĻɺҲĹסˣȻǰɴͣ
ʱĽ˵ϣʱ
㿪ڣǻɺ鿪ʼãعʼǽͣߵס
ΪѶʱͻȻ֮ǻ͵ѹٴ̧ͷ˵ʱѾҧгݡ
ɱȫңūңնȻҪߵ͡
˵֮Ҳ͵һǣǵ˺ͬĴСĽŵأ͵ľ
ɵĽһ龰ֳ̾ŭ
ŭҲŤȵһγֵʱѾһŭ
ֻһıַۣŭ࣬ͻֳֳϷ֮ˡ
ǻǸոսӽڤͻ͵ľͿʼǰһˣֻһͽǾС
֮лǣûκεİУֳ˽֮ɫ
һü͸ûκγ޺ͷգһɡ
ֻڻ֮Ĺߵףžڻ֮лΪ˻ҽһǻ֮С
ڻ֮У͵һǣȻֿʼ»ı⡣
շ֮˫ֺʮţްӷ𡣡
ţĻ֮У̾Ʈһ𻨣ǰڵһͱǸģ
ڵλѾִȱģͷ⣬»һɫ̨
˵ʱδóڴΪͽȵó֮ʱȻһ
ǻɶߵף֮ҴȥȻļᶨ
Ƿŭ˵ͷȻ͵һ䣬±˽ģ
ǻһ㣬һǻɵĶͷ
ʱȥɡ
һ䣬ǻ̾;ÿռ֮һ󶶶ǰһڱʧʶ֮С
ԭķΪһ֮̾͵õͨͬʱҲʼһת䣬ŷŹɣ
ܷŷϴѾ˹ϵͽҪⷽΪͽӰ
ʱ㣬񻹳ڹĴȱԼŷĹ֮Уһʱ֮侹Ȼܹ԰Ρ
ȥ¾Ҫ͹Ϊһ壬Ϊһķʥ
ʱάһ̹һѱʶ֮С
ⱦĳ֣һ̹⻮
˭̹һ̾ѹ
ֻǽͷųһ⣬âֳΡ
֮У΢գͷַų⣬âֳ֮


217 
ʶֳʵҲʼռͨʮɸߵΣҲ˵ĴС
ڵϥڵϣͷֳһƬâ
ԶǺɺͶѾҲЩ֪룬Ϊǵľ磬Ͳ֪ڵ
ɵˣ֪ѾͻƵĽҪͷסҪǰȥʺĶѾԶĹۿ
ֻͷаеâʼţâԽԽʢȻγɹ⻪ɵ
Ȼɽȵ΢ҡ
ɼ龰ѾĿɿڴˣΪϴĵ֪ǵ˵Ѿ۶Ԫľ硣
Ϊ˻ػ컨˻ӦľǡػӦľǡ컨Ӧľǡ񡱡
ġ񡱣úġ񡱴ﵽʱ䷵죬浽조ȥġ񡱴ﵽԲ̶ȣƤҲ˿ռװǵʱǾͻٻѨʱ۶γɡ
ʱ磬ղռзɳǵ͹ֿҸĲ档
ڵڵٵתǱڵǵĽɫѾʼһƬ
ɫԽԽأڵѾȫ˴֮ɫ
ڵųʵ̫Ӵˣ徹Ȼһʱ޷ƿأٻֱ
ɢҲ־ͷγ𻨡
ˣ̫Ҿּڴﵽ˽ĵزڵǿڵѾһԲĽ𵤡
磬Ѿﵽĵһɾɡ
ʱȻˣֻͨ׵Ľʵһʵ
ڲͣߣ壬ʹռɽһЩֲͬͬ˵׵ġ
ͬʱҲоˣƬռ֮УڤڤһصѲӡԼעص㡣
˺óһʱ䣬ڵĽڿʼܣͷϵɢ뵽ǰ֮С
ͷγһУֿ֮ʼûĶţӰٻֱ뵤
ˣǹԼľ磬ɾ˽𵤡
ĽһڵγɣʶеǸķҲסˣάеĹٻķһĶŶһʧռ䡣
˺һڴӶѹ۾ǰһȻĴơ
ֻǺɺͶѾԼʮ⣬۾Լһ߹ۿء
΢΢һЦվϵԶĺɺͶѾ֡
ѶѾѹ̾˺ɵҲƵһ
ѾżˤӣǸϽǰһӽס
Ѿʱĸ첲ͲˣˮҲۿӿ
ʦ֣ǻˣһΪҲء
㿴ŶѾίӣҲЩۣĶѾǸ󱳣Ȼ˵ⲻǻԺҲˡ
ǶѾȻЩ⣬챧ĸ첲ͣҡڡ
Щ޴ʱǸɹʱ˶ؾ
ղ
ϽĸǺɻ񡣡ЩӻлɹþʦãԺ¶Ȼк񱨡
ǺĻˡ
˵ʵһΪ˾ȶѾȷʵա
ƾԼصԣŴζǻɵ׷ɱ
˵еѹ׵ֶζþˡ
ѺˣȻͲ϶˵ǰѻֻСϡ
Ǻڿɺã
֮ЩС͵ִɲ׼Сˡ
һת˵ǡ
ýɹ֪СѾ͵ľӣһٲһ
֮ô˵ΪѾ⣬Сչ˺ԼŮôԼɾ͵ʱٲ˸Щô
ǺĻһžϲɫ
Ҫ֪Ѿ磬ҪΪľǱȵ컹ѣ
ҳΪľһ׮ôǾܹ׽ʱĻӣճ
ȻľϲȴЩɡ
Ϊôֻ꣬һЩЩȴһҲûҸݸĴ˵칬͸ɽѾ棬Ժεء
֪ǰλʿǲѵģҲҼ̽Ϊһ˵֣εĿռУǹ֪
Ȼ˳ΪɣҲһЩ£⼸ʱҲһЩ캦飬Ҫ֪һŭССĺ³ܲס
ȻҾͶлˣϣԺǺչˣٴΰл
˵֮󣬱ӯӯٴ򸣡
ŮӿɲǣֻԶԶ̧̧˵ɹòˣⶼСĸ
ȴֵ򸣣վ
Ѿǲ֪ĳѨڿɺã
ô˵һ㶣Ȼ´һ£ʵɹãǺ⣿
ýе֪ǺռݵɽȱҵĶԴǻ֮󣬷ǿҵевסá
֮ŻȻ;ǴɽȲ͵䣬徻ţǻɵЩͽͽܹõġ
֪ˣԭǴطǰɵļҡ
ǴطҲûռ˼Ц˵ɹãǴɽеѾʰˣɹÿлȥ´ɨһ¡
Ǻ֮ЦݸӲá
¾ͶлˣԺʱ仹ȥһۣСһɨԴ
˵ʱǺ΢ЦճĿһۣȥ
ʱĶѾЩˡ
ദ˼죬ΪǸˣû뵽ɧѾ˵㿴ȥʦ֣ԺǱˡ
ҡҡͷûлشѾ仰Զǻǵʬ忴ȥ
ֻڻʬԱһֵӰڻʲô
˺һǵӰŤͷһݣȻʧ˸
㿴ʧӰüͷ壬ȻѾ˹Ƿ֮δҪһĥѡ
Ҫǰǲ˼ģֻ޳˽𵤣ɾ͵ɣһ̶Ѿ˺Щľ롣
վڸߵĸ߶ȹۿŹһУǰһһڿЩЦ


218 
ŶѾ»ص˿ɽ͵С
ﰲһе飬´ŶѾļиƽȥˡ
ʱѾӰǼһʮżģرǶѾĸѾ˼Ρ
һؼѾȻһĻϲرĸױסѾͲˡ
һ򲻴ѾĻƴҲ¶һ˿Цݡ
һ˵֮࣬Ҳ˼ôѶѾߣǱ㿪˵⼸Ѿڼסţͼ˺úɡ
Ѿ֮󣬴ĸ׵Ļаͷ¶һ΢ЦȻ˵ͷ
Ҫ˵ѾҲǿʮ뿪˸ĸϿǼǿȴʮҪĸ׵Ĺذ
ֺͶѾүү˿˼䣬ˡ
ŶѾһˣһֱͳţֱתֽǲӰ»
ûˣݵм䣬±ߵĶѾʵʲô
Ѿ֮һ룬Ȼ˵ȻˣǸηʦҲշصȻүү֡
֮ϵЦݸӵĲˡ
ͺãͺá
˵ַ֮ԸĴµЩ˿ȡ⼸ʳڵ뿪ʱӽˡ
˵ʱֶʹ˸ɫ˵㾯ŵ±ߵ˰Ūˡ
ɲĵܵľ㣬ĸһʱɫôˡ
ģֳţЩ˰ǺŪˡ
ĵͷȻ˵Ǿɣӣ׼ɡ
һ䣬ƴ̾кϱǿʼ׼ˡ
Ѿվ±ߣѾүүղŵ鿴飬ûվҴүүСϷ
ȻǶѾǾòþڰ¶ģȵӵʱ򣬾Լ˽ǮѵĿϡ
˵뿪˶Ѿļң»صĴŽգȥš
һǸͷʦ̾ƨƨߵĹţ߰£߾ȻûκεĶ
üѵʲô¶
뷨֮ҲڵˣֻûڵǿŽ̾͵תžǰųһĵĲơ
Ⲩɢǰʮɾеһз򶼱ա
һǹŵűԶĴ򿪣һűȻĴĴһ¡
Ŀ֮УηʦסĲһϤϢڲͣ˸
һξˣǸֻͷʦˡ
˵ҲǹľһηʦĿģӦͨ˿ʼˡ
˵ҲڣҲٸԤĵĻصԼķ֮ڣʼϥ
֮У뵽˽֮УŽ𵤵Ĳͣչ
տʼʱռεһǽͻȻһԾǽһֲ֪Ŀռ֮С
ռ֮ڣһμǹ˸ÿһâһгɵĴ¡
һռ֮УûиоκεҲûиоģռһͣ뵽˽֮С
ӿ룬ýҲһ˿ɲı仯
ֱ仯ӳýҾҲʼǱĬĸ졣
㲻Ծľͳ뵽ּȼžְ꣬ûκηյľ
ʱƣͽԽԽռ䣬Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ͻȻ֮ռһâǹâգۼĽ𵤴֮󣬹ЮŽһͬʧռС
ʵе㣬Ҳͬһʱѹ
ڵ֮۹ȴ˸һ˿Į˵ɿʼɱ䡣
ڵѾմȾһ˿ɿʱϵ̬
Įܿʹˣ֪УǱ˷
ոճķű㱻졣
ҡ
֮´˴ϵĳȻȥſ
ԭŵǸηʦ
һληʦһξˣ񻹸ӵľηǸѾָʾ
˭ң
ص˵Ĺܼңܼҡ
һһתԼʲô¶
ɡԭȵĹϵϣ㻹ͷʦܼ뵽Լķ֮С
ܼηʦվķǰЦеĵš
ܼ̽߼ǰؾһȻ˵Ҽү֪ˣȥһۡ
㹰ֻȻ˵֪үʲô飿
Ҳûʲô£ֻүȥɡ
һ룬ЩүʵԼǱ񷨡үӦ֪
һʱϿЩÿ
ܾҸոջЩˡͲȥүˣȥ֮үǸ
˵ܼ֮ҹ˹־ȥ
ܼͻȻǰһץס䣬ȻǷ˵ϣȥһɡ
үȷʵûʲôøУǶλȴһ˿м֮顣
λΪԼ׼ȫ׵֤Լ뺣ԼҲߡ
һܼҾȻˣǼ˴£ĻҲ顣
ͣס˽Ųתͷܼʵʲô£Ͽԡ
ܼ̾һȻһԵηʦ˹֣ȻԶָָ
ηʦ̾˼ǸϽ˾һȻԶԶĶ㿪ˡ
ܼҼηʦԶˣֿǰһ˵˵ֳǵԱҳ˹£һط˲ү
֮˼һ£Ȼ˵жȻѣҲܲȥɣǰߴ·ǰȥ
ܼͬǰ̾Цü۾㿪
лл
˵֮󣬾üЦǰߴ·
һ·תվɽʹ˵լǰ
Ѿ߰˸ūˡ
һҲˣСǰľһ
¼ǰеຣ
˵ҲЩ˼ǸϽ˵ǰһЩᣬȥɡ
֮ЦݣǵҪ˵£ʵЩ
һԵܼҼү͵Ȼڴ·Ͽʼ̸ǸϽǰһ˵үⲻ˵ĵطǽ𡣡
йܼҵĻˣǸϽ˵ˣ죬𻰡


219 
ǰߴ·˿ȻֱѾ衣
˶ʾһ£һڣ˵һǰһǶǰĲǵĵطǸΪҷҳ飬
֮󣬷²豭һ룬Ȼ˵֪ҵ׳ʲô飿
̾һȻ˵Ҳ겻Ǵһӣ֪ôģ跹˼սݣʿ˶˵а
۾ħֲͣ磬飬һ˲ɾĶ
˵ˣǸǵҿʵģĻҲ˵ĶȥƫԶĵطȥ֪
˼ǶȻһЩʿЩ˾Ȼûа취ɼֵвǳ
뷨֮;£ĬĬҲӶԷĲ硣
ˣüͷһ壬žĿʹȻԼղŵĻûһ
оףʿǸˮ
ѾţȥˣǰǵУ˵У¾ޣҪǲ͵ңôʹӽ
۾תת⣬վһԵܼ˵ʱûмΪȥ
ܼҲüë׶ǿյģһ˵Ļ֪ҪҾȱǸæ˵ǣȥˡ
ܼ˵֮̾ͳţһ̵ĲӰ
￴ϷҲΡ
Լǰ˦۾ˣһң˵Լж
ԼʱҪڲ֪䵽ԼݺͶҲ˰æģԼñ
Цһ£ֻǰ
˴һյʱ䣬ڿ滷䶣߽̿ˣһĸˡ
һƣ⸾˲ĸϽվԶԶĶһȻͰƲһߡ
΢΢һЦǰһʩһ򸣣Ȼõߵ˵ԡ
˲վģ¡˵֮󣬾͸ϽԼԱ߸һ
Ҳƴǣ΢΢һ񣬾Աߡ
ȵ֮˲˵ղѾҵ˵ˣʲôϿ䡣
˵֮󣬻ͣʹɫ
ʲôˣһӣ֪ûдӦǰȥǡ
˸Ͻվǰһǰ˫ϥ˵ཻһķϣȾҡ
һ˹Լǰ̾޴룬ǰҲǶҲǣֻǸϽվӲൽһ˵˿첻Ҫд˴ʲôվǺ
˲ûٴߵݡ
ֳֻһӣѾ㿪ţ⺢Σ֮䣬ʱұȻк񱨡
ںôҲ޳ɣҵЩͲ
ԼǷ˵飬һػûϡ
˿첻Ҫ˵жȻȻҪһˡ
ĻȻǴϲ
һֱһԲˣӦҲ¶ЦݣվһԵһѾʹɫ
˵Ѿߣǰȥ˷
ҲƴǣǷѾֻһ˳ƵվȻٴ򸣣˻ص˵Ա¡
ϱӣȻЦ˵ǲ֪ʲôʱ̣
˵仰֮˺ԼЩżˣǸæ͵´ߵʵλֶȲ˶೤ʱ䡣
һ£Ȼһף˵𣬼ȻǱΣǲһұ̡
ãл£ҵլϢһҹܼұ԰͵ǡ
˵ͷͬİš
˼㣬ӦԱߵܼҷԸΪ׼ͷȻѾ߾ķ̡һǰǣһ·ҪӦ
ǣһүİšܼĴӦ
ܼ֮ұ㵽ͷϢ
˳վ˺ˣ˻ףܼ֮뿪˿
˺Ҳһվͳ˿»ص
ȵ֮˵ү˵λܲã
ԵĲˮһڣ֮üͷҡҡͷ˵ҿ϶
˵֮󣬷²豭˵Ҫ˵ӦбµģǱжȴʮ˽⡣
һԵҲ̾һҲǲͶҽڸô˶סǸ֪ȥܹܲá
üͷ˵ǸηʦҲǸҷϣƽʱôᣬһҪˣ̾ͳӡ
ȴҡҡͷ˵ҲԹ˵ʱѾϵǸˣĻдʹ͵飬ô󣿡
۾һ˿âȻ˵˵Ǹйڣ˵᲻ɸˡ
˵ʱ˵һ˿ϲ⡣
ʱ˿ǱɸڵĲᣬҪʱʱǸηʦҪ֯ǰȥݻɵơ
Ҫ»ҪΪڣҲǿɽһƧҪسǽһЩĻʹ̫үĶ
Գ͢ߵļɻ䣬˸ְʰˣһ˿Ҳǣ
Ҳ֪λ˸ôģȻҪڡ
ûӰӣöԼ˼Ҳ
֪ɵҡҡͷ˵ܣǻеֶΣҲҪӦܹ쵽ġ
˵۾һת˵Ҳ֪ǰΣԶԶĶ˳ȥȹһʱسǣǻɾͻ
ϣɡ˵ĻЩˡ
ҡҡͷ֮Ȱ˵үعɣҶֳ˽⣬Ҳֻ꣬ȵͷ˾ͻ»صǡ
֮죬һЦ
үǺɻ¶ɣ
˱˵ƣԼ˼Ҳˡ
ˣ˵Żһֱռȵдµʱ򣬻᲻鷳
˶Ҫʲô£Ȼһ
²غ˵ĽԼҲĪĺô˶Ҳʮֵġ
үصģٴһ꣬ȵʱԸֳдţҲǵĺ¡
ϣ˰ɡ˴ͷɥ˵


220 
ڶ糿һ磬ʰԼĶȻͳԺţֱɽʹҡ
յҵſڣͼһѾˣʰũߣҪµˡ
޻ƴۼ⣬ԶԶľͿ㳯߹ˡ
ǻƴϽĶǰȸһȻʵôĪʲô£
һص˵ͷȻ˵мҪһšЩͶѾһ¡
ƴһæӭԺš
һũСԺţߵ̶ͣ¶
ƴԺɨһۣѾǶվһԵĶѾϿȥжѾҲӰʲôӣ
ѾϣæҴҵѾķȥһѾʹԺ
ѾԶԶĿվ̾ͷɱ˵㻳У˽ǰͻȻԺվŶǼˣϽɲסŲͨĸһ
ʦ֣ôʲô¶𣿡
΢Ц˵Ұһ£ҽҪȥǣԹ㽻һ¡
Ѿ֮ȦЩ죬ʱǺɽ֮жأںʦֻˣû뵽Ҫ롣
ЦЦŶѾԴ˵һȥò˼죬ڼʵʵңҰͻ㣬Ǿͻصۡ
Ѿ֮һ£Ȼ˵ʦ֣Һһȥɡ
ҡҡͷ˵ոտʼڿ»ûСȥ֮ҲǸ׸ڼء
ѾҺ͹޿ǺѣأǰһʱǸɼβץסǣ޲űƽҺȥ֮ƾҲܱ
ҡҡͷ˵ӤȻЩ£ϾûκεܹħҿǾڴһ֮˵
ѾȻԱ߼εİ󣬵ȴɿڡ
Ѿʵû취ˣֻǷ
վһԵǰѻ˵ˣǰȥʩһ
Ѿˣǰʳ˵سǵۣǻӣ
̿ڴʳǮȽѾܡ
ͷվһԲ˵ˡ
㽻飬ɫҲˣǱӦõȼˣǸæͶѾ˸ǡ
Ѿһֱͳ˼ţֱ㲻ӰŻȥ
ص˸Լ׼ĿͷǰͿܼﲻͣǻҲԼˣЩȼˡ
ܼҡ
һкܼ̾ҵע⣬̧ͷˣһȻ첽ǰһ
ɻˣ
㿴ܼŵӣоЩЦԷΪԼʱˡ
ƶʦЩҪĳȥһˡ
ܼҺǲ˵ûʲôûʲôϾҪԶźͼ˵һҲǶԵġ
˵׻ܼ֮ҾͰѻת
ϻûԷɣ
ţϳȥ磬û͡
ܼڵ˵ʱȥΪ͡
ûпͷ
ܼҼӦˣת˿ͷСԺ㰲緹ȥˡ
ûһĹܼҾʹѾߣʳУķС
ʱڴǰһ￴ĸء
ܼҲûд㣬ָֻѾ߸ͰںãȻ֣˵Ѿߡ
ܼ֮Сĵǰ˵׼ˡ
ʱѹ򷿼ԲһۣȻǸ˵һʱԣܼˡ
ңҡ
һ֮վԲԣǰ߰˸ˣһС࣬Ȼͷ
Щʮͨķˣʵÿһܹͨõġ
ЩʳÿһǽƷҲǸǵЩʵټĵֳչˣŵõһС
Ҳ˰ͽ㣬ŰԼƽõĶ
ܼһֱڷз緹Ѿ߽иȥСĵʵʲôʱ̣
ھͿˡ
ܼһ¶ϲɫһ߾Ϲһ˵Եȣȥų
ܼ˵֮󣬾͹˳˷䡣
һܼ»
߳Ѿ׼ˣǷ̣
ͷվ˵߰ɡ
֮ȥܼҼæȥڵΪ·
ԺǰߵʱѾȺˡ
һͷ֣·޸мȵҶк񱨡
ҡҡͷ˵֮ˣħǱ֣ʲô񱨲񱨣
ֻЦЦĻһ£ΪӡЩʿûһ̰Ƶġ
˹ָǣܼ֮ҵķ£
ٳʱ֣ܼҽе˵һ·ϣԵҪķ̣Ҫʲô֮ôʰ㡣
үģһķ̡
֮ŵͷӻ̡
ţܼһ֮һǰһĳ˿ɽ͡
ȵ˿ɽʱͻȻ˵ʱͣһ¡
һԸǰ߸ϳǳ̾ס
ʲô𣿡
ԵƬ̡
ǳ֮Ҳֻš
һϵܼңǰͣˣæ³ߵĳԣﳵʵǲʲô飿
ûʲô£һˡ˵֮ͱտڲԡ
ܼҶɲҵֻվĳԣͬһȴ
ԼһĹ򣬾ͼԶһӰѸٵһ߿£
ȵӰǰʱܼŷֿһĸˡ
ܼҿ⸾֮ǶٶȾ棬ǽЩˣҲǸɫѽôԶŻһˣ
⸾ˣֻĵ˵ͷȻǸ˱һԾ
žһδ
ˣһӵʱͣһͣ򼸼˵·
ܼҲô£ֻĴӦ
̣żʮʱһС⡣
ųԷĹܼΪԵǸˣ˼·
Թ緹̡
һ·̫ƽ֮˿⸮
Ҫ˵⿪⸮ڴܳҲһˣֻſﲻ̼󣬻ϡɼ⿪⸮Ǻ
ڽǵĶߣܿſڡ
سǵıһǰѯʣģ·
ʱܼѾЦСǰӻȡ·صȥ
үǵ·


221 
Ǳӹ·һ£Ȼֶŵĳʵʲôˣ
үүһλ
ǱߺߵһЦȻǵж뺣
Ȼеġдž͵ݹһŶ뺡
Ǳӹ㿴һ£µݻظ֮˵в̫ƽ֪үκ˽Ƕϲ顣ǵ˳ҿʲôΥƷûУ
ڳЩɣԼ£ϾĶ뺺¼ӰǳлǸʬء
һɣǸҲ飬ɫͱˡ
ϿĻүҿɾͲˡ
վһԵܼҲҲ磬Ͼ˸ղŵǫ
λүҲһ˭ĳǸҵģôλүҵĳΥ
СϲǵĳҲǿˣ̵ֲ졣
һȻǸҵģ̾һ
Ҫ֪ң⸮Ѿ̾˼̸꣬ڣѾ쵽⸮ǵκһ䡣֪үͷһ飬Ҳǰݷҡ
ļһСССҵġ
СҲڲ鿴ˣȶµغ˼ܼʩ
үС飬Ĺһء
ܼһҪ죬ҲСڣֻǺݺݵĵһۣһָųһˡ
ԶСŸֱȻһͷϵ亹
һǺգҪԼÿ죬סˡ
˵˿⸮˳Ŵ֣ܿ˶ǵһլ⡣
֮ۿլȻģӴ󣬵ʮֵزԼе
ܼҸʯȻ˳
Եȣҽȥͨܿͳ
˵ͷܼ¿ȥ죬žǡ
ܼҵĻŸתֱš
ſǿŵļҶʶܼңҲֱܼӾʹӲŽլӡ
ڸһӵʱ䣬ſһ£žһŻˣʮ˵Ĵӵ˸ſڡ
ǻԱ߸ŵܼҡ
ܼǻ˵һЩʲôȻõ˵ͬ⣬ƨƨߵһ
ԣܼҹ˵үӭӵˡ
ܼ˵ʱ򣬶ĵЦݡ
ܼҵУҵĴҳǺεȵݣһҲ±ߵһܼǰӭӡ
벻ǣҵĴҳȻſӭӡ
ܼҶǫӵһ¥
˵ͷȻԱߵһ¡
һģеǽʬһ˳Աߡ
ܼҲ֪⸾˵ĵϸһ·Ҳ⸾˵Ρ
Ϊ˼Ȼǲʳÿ¶档
ܼƲ⸾һۣתĸſڡ
ոſڣеǸ˱Ѿ߼ǰһ
ʧԶӭˡ
˼æǰֻһɽҰ͵öүд񡣡
ǰҲ˳Ƶֱ֮ˬʵ˵ĸˣѾԣ˵ʲôɽҰɱҲ
˵׻ʱͻȻ߹һͷϽڣ۵ϵʿ
ϵʿǲ֪һֱӾͲм䣬֮˵ҡײƭ
˵ĶˣôˣúõͻȻͳ˶ԡ
ǸʿҲĲ죬ǸϽ͵үʿаħѧһʬı£͸ҡײƭҿүǲҪӽĺá
֮üȻֿ˿㡣
ʱҲˣȻ֪ͬԩңԼһǣһԭȵĸǰҲ磬û뵽ţڴſھ͸ҸԼѿ
˵һһתһֱĽʬ͵ǰһֻצֱʿؿڡ
ϵʿ˵ҲʮеλһΪү档
ټϣ˵һĸģڴϸһɫ֪ҹ֮У˭ϴ
Ϊж֮ǰѾǶԷ߳ŭˡ
ڼ⽩ʬצֱԼؿڣһֽУһһ첲𲦵һԣһѾӻȡһŷ䣬Žʬ˹ȥ
ʿȷʵЩ£Ƿһ֣̾ͻһź⣬ֱǽʬĶͷ
ǽʬڽǰĹҲûнʬ
ǵʿ龰оһ˿ϲ⣬֪ԼӵĹ֣ȻĿǡ
ǽ龰ŵʿҧͷ
ԭѾ⽩ʬֻ⽩ʬ΢ͣһ£ȫû谭һĵʿǰ
ʱʿҲٳʽˣæԾȥٶȻһЩǽʬֻצѾסʿĲӡ
Σʱ̣ǿˡ
ס֡
Ǹʬֹͣսצǵʿһ
֮һ֣Ǹʬɿˣ⵹һԾͣ
ʿղſڹŹйһ£ѾЩվˣҿ˽סĻҪ
ǸںŷӦǸʿݺݵĵһۣȻ˵֮ͥ£ɺͳ¡
ϵʿĻֻͽܵĲ£˵
ڣ¹Цݣǰʩһ˵ееղŵ黹ԭ¡
һһΪǰ̽ġ
Ѿ޳ɣһ˵֣оǷǳġ
øо֮У𲢲֪ղŵ飬˿Զ϶ղǸʿǱдµġ
ȻҲûбҪץסⲻţϾǵûʲô飬ǿ˵ϣҲܹڵ֡
үⲻǸᣬ˵Ҳûˡ
֮ĵͷ֮󣬶Աߵһܼ˵ϿѶԺĿͷųһҪס
˵֮󣬾լӡ
լ֮ϸĹۿլӲֻΰַ
ҲЩ֣ڿ⸮ĵλլŲͨѽ
ԵҲ֣Ц˵ǲǿլӹڼª
үˣլҪ˵ªôסĵطǹˡ
˵ЦˣסĵطȻǵ徲֮أⷲ׺쳾ôܹȣ


222 ǰ
˻ֱ֮
ЩĺеʿǣҲڻλ¡
֮ȻѾ衣
һڣʵϳʲô飿үԣҲЩ׼
㣬żɽѯʣ̾һ˵ҲҶӲȻˡ
˵֮󣬾ͿʼĶʤʱ顣
ԭʤĶǰһʱȥ︰磬һС
лЩµģ˰˵Щ״ԤЩ˵
ʱʤҲǳĺ棬Ҳôһ¡
жʤǳ֣˵ûص˵Ǵ󸻴ɣ̲ƶ˵ǳٰɣ̲ض±ޣһʱҲŪסжϣθºΪ֮
ʱĶʤҲЩ£ʵʵʵڼҴһʱ䡣
Էڼôʱ䣬˺ܿ;ɲֿʼ˵
һλˣ¸׷֣˴Ӻ͵͵УԷ֮󣬷δأҪ֪Է֮пǷһЩöһҪø׷֣ǿҪùһٰٲˡ
ʤæ鿴ֻϲ֪ʱһŮűӱĿ˯ɵЩͣ͵͵ֵһѣŮû·˷ܣȥһֱŮβȻһë׵βͣʱʧɫһ˳ܡ
ŮӸѣʵҹҪȥ
ʤδڵأеŮŮ
ŮЦŮŮΪʲôң
ʤͰ͵ĵҲη׶ηβ
Ůӵβͣ˵סʤƣԼᰴĦȴǻ֬ʲôûУβͣ
ŮЦӺȶ˾ƣҲ֪ʲôͲֺô˼ҡ
ʤҲǹϣֻǵŮӵĹȫĲˣæǸԲסۻۻǹﵽ˭ô˯Ҵϣ
ŮӵӲǵöŮʱһǸСӣתѹȥʮˡ
ʤŮӵĻ֪Ϊʲô鿪ʼԺоͼǵʮǰǸƯСŮ
ܰ
Ůӵͷˡ
һȷʵЩӡʮûԽԽƯˡôҼң
ҳ꣬ű㼴ȥ˲ã๫Ҳˡҳ˹Ѹ¿꣬޿ֻͶλ顣ʱѺڣֲڼңұ㣬ʱһ䣬ȡůɲҪ֡
Ҫ֪ʤļпȻ˵أҲǺŴԺе͸ŮӾȻܹ˷ĵĽʤԷô붼˾ù졣
ʱʤһеĲͷǶˣֻǸŮӡ
˽΢һСʱȤ£㲻ıһ
һµʱ䣬λʤҲȥˣÿڼж飬ϾͺŮĻᡣ
ĸڶӵı仯տʼǺܸ˵ΪӸаӻͷ˶һЩӡ
Ǻþʤûж೤ʱͷԼ忪ʼ˥ܣòʮֿݡ
ʤк£Ѱ˼˵ӣȻûȥҪ
˵ڶʤ͵͵˼ţҵλѣѯʵλеסַ͵еļС
мʤ֮ݿݣæΪ
֮еѾûˡҿҩ㣬ľ¡ҵȰвɽӽŮɫôɶ졣
ʤڣŸе£ص֮Ҳ˸׵ֱӾʹĳʱľԴԴ˵һ顣
֮ȻŭСһٴ򣬵ǿŶѾݿݣѾסһˣֻ۵ȥϢ
Ҫ֪ǵңҲ壬ںϿ⸮˵̸ڣǼҲһЩʿ
ڼȻ飬ôȻҪЩ˰æˡ
һ£йЩеʿ̾߰λ
ЩƽҲЩ󣬷ĻأҲķۡ
Щ֮ȥʤһ֮¾Ͷ˵ʤѾݺᣬΣ
Ȼôʤ飬ȻǵΪϡ
ЩҪ˵ǿĵʿȻҪ㳤۵龲ϵˡ
λ龲ʿҲб£ҩȥ̾סʤĲ顣
龲ʿʤķڲ˷ѹ֮Ҫסʤħ
֪õЩѹ֮ȫá
Ǻ꾫һʤʤȻֵ֪ĺһòͲֺһ
ڵڶٹ鿴ӵĲʱ򣬷ʤûкתǲˡ
һ֮£ֱ£ӾȻûж
ͷһ룬ӵ֣Լһ已̥ôֵܹ
ͬʱҲ֣Ҫ֪֮ⷿпѾ˷䣬ôܹͨ裬֮
Ͼټ֣鿴ⷿеĲá
龲ϵʿ뷿һ鿴õķ䣬ѾǺûκԼá
һ龲ϵʿЩˣ˵;ڽϾⷿУҪֵʲôġ
龲ϵʿıģҪڶӷУȻǸˡ
ڵϣʤķУʤڴ˯ţ龲ϵʿĴϥ͵ǰ
ȵҹʱ֣һ罫ʤķŹοžһλŮ˽
ʤλòŮ֮󣬾˹һڴǣ۶
龲ϵʿһۿȥͷŮƣϾ֪ˡ
ҲֱӾʹӻȡŷ䣬дʣҧʳָѪҺֱŷм䣬žŮȥ
Ƿһ뿪ϵʿ̾ͱŻ棬һŮȥ
ŮӼˣֻһЦȻһ֣ǱѾƮǰŻ̾Ϩ֮󣬱һŻҽŮӵĽ¡
龲ϵʿҲŵòᣬҪ֪ǳ۵شԴ̳ۣħѾмʮ꣬ʲô֣Ҳɢ
ǽǰ֣Ȼˡ
ǻûУȥǸ־ͶˣֻĶǰ龲ϵʿһ㣬һϵʿľͻ˯˹ȥ
ڴŵʤڽȻһԺĺŮӻˡ


223 
ڽӣֵµЩʿһѷܻⷿԼĶӡ
һжͽ͵ģЩʲô£ֻҪǺ꾫һ̾ʩչ
ڿɽ͵Ǹɡ
һ͵˿ɽ͵
һǻɿһֱӻķϣһǰȥæġ
һزͬǸǰһʱеľȫڶѾϣҪȡ
ȻǻɵõϢȴûзϣͰλСӵ
ȻϵЩʿԸǸ꾫֮ȷʵмбµģЩ˸ʩչ£ҩǷǰλӵ
Ҳα겻αֻλʤӵ
ֱˣƼǰħ
ǰһʱλʤ顣
˵֮󣬰۹⿴㡣
ͷһ룬ղŽŵʱǸ龲ʿЩµģ㿴ϵʿѾӦˡ
ڵľ磬Ҳǳɾͽ𵤣Ҫ˵Ҳ̤ľ硣
龲꾫Ҳ飬ɼ꾫һǳпܺһ˽𵤡
һ룬Ȼ˵ƶûмǸ֪ʵΣڹӵķڣʩչһЩʱ
֮Ǵϲ˾͵ˡ
߸˵꣬±ߵǸ龲ϵʿȴˣʩ
ԷĻ۾̾ͷ龲ʿϣϵʲôҪ˵
龲ϵʿԼĺӣȻ˵ƶѾʮˣȻ˵û޳ʲôҲǼʶ㣬λһʲôܱС¡
֮ϽûҲ֪ġ
ЦЦ˵Ҫ˵Ҳûж٣һЩʦŵķʩչ
˵֮ʹӻȡһͨļϻһŷ䡣
ʩ˰ѼСӵķ⣬ҵҪǸôⷨ
˵֮󣬾ͽݵǰ
ӹ֮ǰϸĹƣֻһͨ½˴ļϱһʶķ䡣
׵龲ϵʿʱҲǣֱӾվһԱߣ̽ͷǼȥ
Уֻһƽ֮ûκη
龲ϵʿûΪѼûзͳԳЦ
ΪսŵʱǺԹһȻ㵱ʱûгָֻ֣µĽʬǽʬǳˡ
ǽʬж磬ȥ磬һѾﵽ˷ʬľ硣ʬˣɲͨ
龲ϵʿӻȡƬƽҶſ֮⣬֮⣬ǰ⣬ʥۿ˾տӦۣ
֮ϵʿͰƬƽҶԼϡ
ϵʿ͸ƽҶһбʡ
ϵʿзϣеļȥһԾС
ԭѼ֮ϲûжٷȴˣгһĲȻӵ֮У֮в֪oϵ
Ѽ֮ϣĹ
֮ϵʿһ֮󣬽Ƭƽ͵Ҷ·ŵУȻ˵ЩԸСԡ
֮Цݲϣ̾ͶԼԵĹܼ˵ȥڹӵԷ
ǹܼķԸ̹ǰӹȻҴҵľͳȥˡ
ת㣺ܹʱס֣˺󻼣վǲðġ
һ£ЩΪѣʵֶ
ΪѾԼֿ֪Ѿ͵ڵǱԼҲĶȥٿԺǸᲢۡ
ĶԼȻ£һˣԼĺ󻼡
뷨֮УԼ͵ĽСӵķ⣬Ǹ֪Ѷˣ㡣
ˣҲܹ˵ֻܹ˵ʩҽոֵ֪ͣʱȵϵʱ򣬿ָҲҽСӵķ䣬ƾƶǳ취
֮еոյֵ֪ľ屾£һЩҲǺõġ
˵ǽϵڿͷ֮аЪȵ
˵֮󣬾ֵµ˽ȥͷ
վ˹֣ȥ
ȵ֮ʻ֮еλղʿ屾Σǿ𣿡
Ҫ˵ЩʿҲϴģȻǱ첻жߣ۹⻹еġ
үĻʿ첻ҵǿˡ
ʿ淨ǷУƾǷʬҲܹסСӡ
Щ˵Ļ˵ͷȻͰĿ⿴龲ϵʿΪЩУλϵǿҲء
龲ϵʿͷһ£˵ǿղŵǰѼ֮ϣҿ磬ͬʱе໤ɴ˿Կʿٲ֮¡
龲ϵʿ˵⻰ʱҲбģϾҲܰԼľֿ䵽ȥ
ȴ龲ϵʿĻˣü˵ֻҲסǸ֣Ǻã
龲ϵʿæʩصģʿһ˽ס֣ȵһ죬Һһ֣ƾı£ҾͲǸܹȥ
˵ʱֶһ£˵ǸʿߴŵǸŮӣ͵ķʬǽʬѾ򣬵ʱŽʬ֣Ӧܹס֡
֮ͷֺʵȻǽʬôʿܹƳı
龲ϵʿź˵ϲĻ⽩ʬӦòʿɣӦʦŵıһʿɽɵߣΪ
ﲻסĵͷΪֻܽʿͲܹı
һ£ſڹʿ͵ļЩΧڶӵķΧҲʲôãǻȥ
ȻҾͿԻȥϢһҹȵʱ
һֵµЩڶһЩÿ϶ǰСӵԷأǰǸۻˡ
Щһվǡ
ȵ֮һγȥʵԼЩҲʮֲġ
ЩЩЩ͵ӿɲ٣˹ؼʱȴһõĶûУ¸鵽˭϶


224 
ȻõЩֻʱѹеĻͬʱ⣬֮һҪڿɽ͵ǻɵ
˵ﰲŹ飬˵Сӵķǰ
ʱѾΧ߰˸ѾߣЩѾ߶ƽźСӵġ
ʱЩѾҲˣһǾԵ޹ʵĻȥڶ죬ͻᱻµһ
ȻЩСѾҲԼԩΪ˼ҵˣǲκεԹԣֻҧĨᣬźСӡ
ӣЩСѾһͷҲ֪ʲôʱǸͷ
Ǿڸղŵʱ򣬹ܼһСӵԷǰܽСӵķ⡣
ܼҲ˵ʲôõģֻǷԸѾǲ״
˵˶кģ߰˸Ѿ߾ۼſڣǼָָ㣬ߴߴ
ǵٶг˯Сӡ
λʤԴӱ֮ÿϵʱ֪ôĻǾ񣬵һͻ
ղڷ˯أǾͱѾߵ˵š
ʱ˲ĸǱģôϢ
ѵСӵȻǷǳˣϵʱһҹڰ첻ͣĳԸֵĲҩòϢһ£ֱˣòˣ
÷ô£ߴߴġ
ʤӵĴѾ÷е˵̾ϱ˸ƣЩѾǶ졣
÷ţʤҡ
үˣ
ڵʤݿݸɣ˻ƣÿ˵һ仰Ҫ
ô벻ҲС
÷ϽǰȻĵ˵ӣү˸ĵʿǵʿһѷǷſڡ˵ܱƽ
ʤ÷Ļûκεļ
ʱνʿѾʮˣÿһտʼʱ仰һõĶûС
λСѾȫʧˣڵܱסѾˡ
÷ӵ²ߣ̾סڲԣֻǰȥ¸˱ӣĴߡ
ʤӼԼĴߣоһЩ˾ֻ˯˹ȥ
һʤһֱ˯ɫűһԿŵ÷ѡ
ӣӣˡ
ʤ˯ԺǱ仰ֱӾųһ亹
ʤ۾۹⣬˿һԵ÷㣬ȻŶ߶µ˵ֵ𣿡
÷㿴ʤҲоۣһСѾߣôأ
ӣɫˣЩȻǲҩ˰ɡ
˵仰÷ͰƲһԣвľ͵γ˼ξӨᡣ
ʤֻоǰδеľѵԼҪ꣬ȻɥȪ
ʤʱһѾҲѾһڵҩ͵ǰ
ʤһҩ;÷θΪԼǿԼĲʣӹҩһ
ڳҩ֮÷ֶ˹һС֮࣬УżˬСˡ
ʤϵʳˡ
ЩʮֵļªԼĶӳԣֻʤȵҩǴ֮ʮֵȡ
ЩҽѾˣٳԴ⣬ֻʺϳˬСˡ
ΪԼӵҲֻʹԸʤÿԵĶЩֲ赭
ʤǰЩüͷĺɽһСԵĶɽ亣ζЩС˺͵࣬Ȼǲмһˡ
ڣЩҲûĳԵˣֻǱ۾÷΢ιԼڣ˵ˡ
ȵеķ˳ȥ֮ɫҲӵİˡ
ʤҲоǸϾҪˣʼץŴͷ÷־Ͳſ
÷Сźʤʵʵʤˣ˶ʤȱ˸ӵĹġ
ڼ޼ɣҲ絶ʣʤĴǰץ֣Դᡣ
ʱ֣ͻȻ֮䣬÷͸оһǰδеȻǿ۾Ȼǲ֪Ļ赹˯˴ǰ
÷һ˯ȥڴϵʤϾ֪ˣ̾þֵ۾ŷš
ʱԺͻȻһЦɾˡ
еʤֻúëֱը˵ڶħĽк
ʤֲ̿ʱԺгһλŮ
ֻλüۡɫġޱȡ
λ޵ŮվԺһɨȻ˶ü
ô£ԺЩŵĵʿôһˣ
λ޵ŮӰЩСӵģЩʿ˿ŵˡ
תۼ䣬ŮӾͰЩͷȫɨѡ
Щ˲ҲãЩЩһֱֵЩŲֽˡ
ʹ»ԼҲɿɿ졣
Ů뵽ǲɵ¶һ˿ЦݡŮӱʤķȥ
ŮӸոߵʤķǰͻȻ֮ķһ⡣
ǻһʤķĻס
ǸŮӱǰĽһϾ
ЩʱĶˣҲһܶá
ŮֻһЦ˾Ȼ㲻ܲ˵ʤķڴȥ
Ůǰľ飬ЩӦòκãӦܹ׵ؽš
һȴһŮӸһʤķţǽͻȻ֮ʢž
ڰһŤͻȻѼһֱŮӽ
ŮҲ⵱ͷµĽɫֻһرܳȥ˼Զ
Ů뿪ſ֮ſȥֻǽɫĹâһΰȻǻ䡣
ŮӿЩԾˣ룺ʤҹȻЩãǰҵ˶Щҷһҵĸˡ
Ůʤķſǻ˺óʱ䣬Ҫٴ̽ǶǵͷµĽɫȻ¡
ʵ̲סˣӻȡһɫıǡ
ŮӽⱴУдʣǱķų˰׹⣬Ű׹ϵӣǱǺǻһȻ뵽Ůӵ֮С
Ůٴ̧ͷʱзųŵĹâ
һʤķſ
ϴһһǽɫļҽʢȵǰߵľ룬ǼȻǷų⣬ڰγͷ¡
һŮȴûжܣֻϷųһİ׹⡣
׹⿪ʼһǣŮӵͷγһɡǡ
һɡǣ̾ͱס
ҲȻסȻԼɡ֮£ҲʼƮ
˴ʱŮҲʲôʤķˣѾоΣա


225 ͷ
λŮӣȻͷаɫɡ໤ǿӵסϵ
ˣŮֻԵ˼һ£зųԹĹâ
Ŀ𣬾׵磬ҫ˼ﲻ缱
֮ų⣬ֱʣϾͱϵȥ
ϵںɡֲ£ͻȻ֮ͱϣϾͿʼβžϵĽҲʼƮ˼¾ʧ˰֮С
޵ŮӼϵʧˣźݺݵĳһ
ͦؾֱſڡ
ոսӽſڣֻû̧ţǹϵǼٷŽ⡣
һʮֵʵֻһ˲Ůӵǰγһѽɫļ
һأɫļͬԭȵʱֻǷų⣬γභ
һȴûֻ࣬Խһͨͨļ
ͨͨļĵŮȴ͸ղŴǲͬ
ڵ֮зŶķ򣬶ЩͻϵŲ֪Ŀռ䣬һλ
ĵŮ֮УɷĻް
˴ʱŮӲǰһΪֻҪǰһ߾ͻǣεĹ򣬵ʱһᱼԼĿڶȥ
ҪŮӾôҲܡ
ֻŮҧҧӻȡһͷΡ
Ůȡͷָ֮һ£۹֮ٴηųš
ֻŮеķβʽβ׺С飬εһŴͷգԱ߸еһСոһοգ֧θֲԳء
ֻŮͻȻͷεһס
ͷ̾ͻһ̹⣬ʣйâʢȵ̹ڰеʱ򣬳ǰѾһֻɫķ̹ķˡ
ֻһžŮӵߣʼ滷ơ
ŮǵЦݸţĶǲԶĽɫһָ
Ƿ˺ҵĿ꣬ͻȻһܣȻһˣֱǰеļ
ǼҲʾųһϵĻްɷӵŨء
ڰ˸ʵ
ľϷ˷ų̹ԽԽʢķҲڤڤеĴϵĵ̲һͨļ
ڵֵһʱ֮ǼϾͳһѺۣһ˼˵ϡ
еķڵʤ֮һˬĽŮӵ˼Ȧ󻯳һ̹⣬ŮӵС
ˣŮˣĶԵϵһЦȻ̧־ƿ˷ţʤҡ
ʱʤѾŵûڴϣͷڱУۿһۡ
Ůӽ˷ֹ֮ţȻŴϵʤһЦ
ɾˣ㲻Ҫ֡
ʱʤһشŮʵҲǰʡ
ŮӶʤشҲ⣬ʤĴǰӡ
ӣ̣ǻǰЪ˰ɡ
仰ʤ͸оһȲ˱ӣڴߵŮӡ
һ;޷Լ͵ǰһˣͰŮ˵˴ϡ
˻Ұ֮С
ȵڶ죬ʤѾ÷ӻ˯֮˹
÷֮ҡҡͷȻԼ۾һ
Ȼ͵ϿȥһϾ÷᲻ϡ
ԭڴϵʤһһǹǺ˯
÷˲ᣬȻǰʤʰһϵǱȻǺñӣСĵ˳ʤҡ
ʱ֮⣬һѾȺһʱˡ
һ÷æǰѯʣôˣǺ꾫𣿡
ôǺǰһ
÷˵Ͳ
Ǹ̾һ˵ȥôˣӣҲ̣ѽ
˵֮ҡҡͷͷɥȥլȥˡ
˵լ֮еźߵ
ûеһյʱ䣬һֽػ
үǸ꾫ˡ
ֻǵͷΪӦģһǺ꾫Ÿеء
ûзʲô飿
Щɣһҹͻ˯Ͳ֪ʤԷǰʲô
Ҳʲʲôǻӻ¡
ַԸܼңȥѸλ˶رλ
ǹܼ֮󣬸æ˳ߴȥˡ
һһ֣ŸλĹԽ
Щ˵м䣬ûԳԼر
мһ۾Ϳ㣬˵۹⣬ߵǰ֣͵Լλ֡
ĹȻĽ㱻أ˭Լ²ãֻ̽һȻᡣ
ȵ˸֮˵Ǻ꾫ˣҵĺֱĥһҹ
˵仰֮Ͱ۹⿴㡣
֪ڸ˵ˣվ˹֣Ȼ˵ʩȥǼӦЩãǺ꾫ǽ˹ӵԷҲôס
ո˵µĸе˽
ǶΪǿʶԼʧܡ
龲ϵʿȴôΪ
ΪǼǰѼˣǼ֮ۺ񣬶ڤڤкͲ֪Ĵϵ
ԼҪͻѼķһʱҲ첻Ǹ꾫Լ࣬Ҳô׵ĽǰѼ
ʩʱƶҲǰѼǼȷʵǺɾЩ£Ҫƽ¿Ҳܡ
˵ʱ龲ϵһۣЩ̾Ͱ
ʱ龲ϵʿһ˵е棬ڵլһҲ֪ʱˡ
⻰ĵͷȻһŵʵ֪ܷ͹⣬һˡ
ʩлƶȻв𡣡
ӦˣæվλӽŽ˺լ
ҲǷǳҹۿ
ȻŴ֮Ҳ棬ǶŵĺլǵһΡ
һľѣԭլǰĴֺ꣬ȫͬװεļɣÿһͥԺÿһתǶԳ˵Ʒλ
լԺװξ֮⣬ȫŮҵá
ѾﴩʱĴһĻЦ㲻ɵΪԼŮ
Ȼǰţ۽ȴʱһƮȻΣɫȴʮֵƽɵõ˵ͷ뵽Ȼеĸˡ


226 ̽
ںլ֮תתʤӵСԺǰ
źѾӣˣϽͬʱ
һʤѾ÷ӭӡ
˿Լǰ÷㣬ʵүôˣ
÷ͷ̧ĻشүĻǺ꾫ˣүɫǰһЩ
⻰۾һȻ˿ԼԵ㣬ţȻûסǸҲ˲鷳ӲԼĺЩ
ǰߴ·
÷ķԸϽվǰСŴ·ܿǾʤԷǰ
ֱ֮ţȴֹˡ
е֣תʵʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷȻһԵ÷㡣
˹ڷϵļôˣ
ԭ㲻ȽŵԭǣȲ鿴ǼӣȻжǳ
÷㲢ûȻشĻ̧ͷһԱվŵ
΢ɲĵ˵ͷ
÷𣬵ͷŻشϹŷǰǼϵʱҷѾ˵ϣƬѾӴɨˡ
һ£Ȼ˵Ƭҿһ¡
÷㲻ҵæԱźʹ˸ɫ̾ʹҴҳȥ˲һһ̣ǰ
һȻһѼƬƬ֮Уżĵķֽ
ǰȥвһ£Ƭ鴦룬ӦǱĳУܲסѹġ
վһ£һıӦĻҲܹԼļ
Ҫ֪ʩչĽɺ͸տʼһˡ
ոʱƾһЩһ֪֪ʶʩչʱֻƾڤڤеĸӦһڼ֮ϡ
˵Ѿʩ˷ȴǲǿ⡣
㷢һ㣬˸Ľʩʱʹżڤڤиһ˿ܡ
ƾͨһħһ˱ᡣ
һضԷû˱ܣƬɼͨСķ
һֱûд㣬ǿƬ˼˺óʱ䣬Ϊʲôشķ֣æǰʵʲô𣿡
һ仰̰ӳ˼֮н˹ҡҡͷȻ˵ûʲôԵģֻǿͣѾڵ
˵ʱɫǳ
жҲһȻ޵ʿʱԼֵµЩҲֹ̽ΡҲ֪һЩֵеȼ
һ˵Ѿ޳ڵоһɾ
Ҫֵ֪ڵҲмĵˡǶ˵ҵĽҲжԿʱˡ
ȻҲһЩߣҪҵȴǳѡ
𽹼ʵȻ˵ǽǸô죿
ѾЩצˡǿڰοʩعڵĵģڷƶЩ֣ƶʻǲ֮µġ
˵ʱʮֵĽҲԹûǫѷ֮ģֻΪֻж̶̵һʱ䣬ʹһͨˣɾ˽𵤡
ڵʵҲȥá
аգҲһЩͬʱҲʼ뵽ţȻ޳ڵУѵҲѾ޳˽𵤣ɾˣ
һ뵽۾Ϳʼð⡣
һȣԼһҪˡ
ֻҪλùϵôӽԺԼլӾҲħţͬʱܹƾԼļϴһܡ
һ뵽ԾľǰԵǫҲϸоˣ̬ŵˡ
̬ȵתǳ⣬һﻹǻ飬Լİʾȫյˡ
ӽԺԼһɽˣƾԼԺӦܹһЩ
ʩƬҲˣǽСӵķв鿴һ¡
ںŻȻ򣬡죬
˵֮ǰ·
ЦЦͷȻ㵱ȿԷ
ⷿսǰ̫ʦΣǽϹͼҹһ³īƣϼйǸȪʯҰġ
ڷĲǽһܣϱ߶żٱ飬Щ鼮ʮֳ¾ɣǾģװã˻ù
Եͣһ£Ȼ˵ҽȥȮôˡ
ҡҡͷ˵ǰҪСӵ״ǻһȥɡ
˵֮뵽ʲôȻϽӷ֮ʲôɣƶԵҲǿԡ
æĻشȮǶˣһ䣬ʲôɣ
˶ԷĻвм뵽λĹĻҲнĻˡ
仰㻹ûɵ˵Ǿڷ
һҴľһŮӵĹ뷿һһ˼ҹӵҡ
֪ǲǼֲˣԼӷĲͷȫĲ⣬ǴʤĴǰ
ǰһֻţһɫ԰ףݿݵĹӡ
⹫ӦǸո˯죬˯Ȼʱķһֵĵͺ
վڶӵĴǰԼĶܵĥɵݺᡣ
ԴԼӹ֮ͰʤԼĸα
ΪǱܵڵŰЩѾҵ˼ֻ˼ңοй¶
û뵽ۿžҪ󣬳ܹΪڷˣȴ顣
˸ȫܹģϣŮĥĶˡ
ʩع˸УƶӲһʱĥ˴˽٣һֱϡ
ĻĨĨᣬȻЦ£ҲֱϣֻϣܹȵڼйҲˡ
̾һҲ֪ôο
Ѿָת˵㿴Ȯôˣ
תͷĬȻۣŴŵȨȥ
ʱУֻǰλðһɹɺ̣Щ̲ʱڿγһȻ󷢳
λӵѾή˼㣬ѾЩƮȥ壬Ͳˡ
㿴¾Щڣû뵽λӾȻѾ˲ĵز֪ԼͲý̯ӡ
Ϊ㿴ھǽǸħ⹫Ҫָǰ״ҲôףеͲˡ


227 
վһԵһֱڹ۲ı顣
üͷ壬һԲ֪ԼĶӿЩ鷳
Ȯôˣ
Ĭһ£Ȼ˵Ҳĵطȥ˵ɡ
һ⻰ɫͲÿˣȻʮǵĵ˵ͷȻǼ
˷ֱź÷衣
ȵѾȥ֮ʵȮӾôˣ˵ʵɡ
ȻʩִҪҾ˵һ˵ɡ
ͣһ£֯һԣ֮˵ʮֵѾЩƮƶѾ˲ʱ򡣡
仰еĲ豭ֱӾ͵˵ϣȻ󾪿ֵվ
Ų豭صź÷㣬Ͻ鿴ſԼүǾվ豭Ѿڵϡ
ôҲ壬ֻһֱǿеİԼŽ׼ɨ÷ӻ֣˳ȥ
ǿĶ㹰˹֣Ȼ󲻺˼˵õЦˣΪ򻹲û뵽ͻŴجľȻʧ˷硣
֮󣬳ĬһȻʵѵȮӾûʲô취𣿡
ε̾˿˵ȻͨǶҽȴͨҲҽܹκùҲһ
ĻǰֵµЩԼӲжϡ
Щ˶˵ֻǾ𣬳һЩҩָܹ
ȴ˵ԼĶѾ
֪һߡ
Ҫ˵Ӹ˵ԼжϣԼȴ֪˵Ӧġ
ںôţβҲǽħ֮飬ҪĻǰˡ
뵽ʱϾͰԼԶӵĵģѹȥ
ȮӵҲԺ飬ô
Է˵ˣæػصЩ£ڹӵԺЩãҽҾ俴Źӡ
˵ʱ㿴˿ȨȻ˵ϲգҪˣȻһӦ
ҧгݵ˵Ȼô˵ôȫһ˵ȣķԸֻһҪǾħ֮󣬽ħ¡
㿴˿𣬼ڱʮֵϾλүʲôҪħ壬֮ޡ
С£ȻûвӦĵ
޷ֻС£ħ֮ħȻүдá
˵ͷȻֱ˵ʱ䲻磬ǸϽá
ڶԷĴߴ٣㲢ûŭΪڶԷѾ˻üëĵزżһЩȻҲ֮С
ãƶҾз
ҪʲôܷԸ
仰ת˼Ȧҿǿ⸽ľ޸ҼӪʷڲһЩԺûôõĻˡ
Ȼʩô˵ôƶͲˡ
ͿʼʨӴ󿪿ڣȭͷС֬Ҫ߿飬Ȼʮ飬Ȼǻƽһ
Ը֮ҲǾԼҪĶЩˣǸϽ͡
ʩ߿֬ҪɷҪΪ˽ϱǵħ
ʮһƽΪ˲ýǽ
ǽãס֣ʹıҲӲߣʡöԷ֮º󻼡
ҪĶûһ⣬ǶͽҪõ󷨣ʮֵĸȤ
Ϳʼһѯʽ󷨵ãԼõķ
Щϵֻܷڷ䣬󷨵ĲҪһҲûᡣ
Ҳǻˣڷܣ֪Լʵ˶ԷɵĺģҲͣڲˡ
һԸܿҪĶͷŵǰ
㿴Լǰһ̵Ľпʼ
Щ֬һҪû𻵵Ļõִȥÿһ¶ֵƣ߿ܸ׬ǧ
οʮ䣬ÿһ̣Ȼ㲻ļ𷽷ǹ⿴ֵ̣֪ǡ
ʣµһƽЩǰͨˡ
Щֻʱһ£ȵǻᶼߵģ˵Ǻй¶ʦŵطʵЩҲҪıһ֡
㻹ʲôģϾͿʼɻ
ȣӻȡ˿̵߿֬Ͽ߸䣬Ȼ㰴շλ߿֬Сӷܡ
ǸʮˣһЩ㲢ûϱ߿ʲô䣬ԺаڵһԲΡ
֮㽫ʮһĻƽȦְλںá
֮ת˵ʩСӵԷ֮Уһ̨
֮һβõô鷳ΪѾǸ첻СͶԷ浶ǹĸһĻȻҲȡʤֲû˸ˣԼҲܵɡ
һ׼Ӧ󷨣ĻΧԷҪʱ󷨵ܣǿнѹ
Ѿ㵱˾ݣĻв
˺ܿСԷ䣬˹̳
ԣ˿ϱ׼ĶȻĵͷ
ڹʩѾǾˣ⹩ϵĸַ͹Ʒûһġ
ʩ׼ʮȫֻˡ
⣬ԼҲһЩ뵽ߣʼϯ
֮ϣǰ㶼䵽ȥˣòμߣҪҲûʲô취
ϾǰһʱʧˣǸլ֮
ЩֻȴţСʱһȵ㱻ܣȵʱٸÿ
ⳡֻǱϺгҲǰӿ
ֱŽΪ׼Ŀͷ֮ϢһȵɫŰȻѾ߽뵽˹Ȩķ֮С
ⷿѾˡ
˸֮ʵʲôŵģܿڡ
ҡҡͷ˵׼ѾǳȫˣסǸħƶҲûʲô취ˡ
ҲЩģ˵û취ѽҵˣҪ㶼ˣô죿
ȴûбֳЦӯӯ˵ȻѾ׼ȫˣ¾Ͳŵˡ
˵֮͹ָǡ
֮Ҵҵ뿪ҲԼСžš
ȻǷǳ谮ԼĶȨǱԼԼҪһЩ
һĲˣҲñȫΪ
λȸڰź֮󣬾һ̵뿪˶ӵԷЩľۼȴϢ


228 
Ŀ뿪ת»ص㰸֮󣬿ʼﻭ
һŷǳĴæ׼ʮֳ֣Ҫķͷû׼ֻǳ򣬸ϽţԱʱ֮衣
Ҫ˵յķѾܶˣҪ˵ħǿľʦɷ
ķ䣬ȻҪ໭ţҲֻΪʱ֮衣
ڻʦɷ֮ó˻ֽʼֽ
ӰСõǱֽ֮Լ̵ķԼеطֽ
ⷨȻʩչȰҪҪ࣬һʩչÿһֽϾͻḽڤڤеƺ־˵
ڽ׼żʮֽˣʱˣЩһӵϣҪǲͷۡ
ִֽ֮Աɰʣÿһֽϻһŷ䣬ҧԼָֽ˵Ķͷÿһ¡
׼ˣھ͵ǰ
ʱ򷿼һ֮ԭڷڵȨ˹
ȨһѣԺӾЩСѾǱȫȨԷʼϴž⾫ʳ
ȨҲЩ֣Ȩڰʱ˯úһôˡ
Ϊķʦ㻹ǹȥҪһġ
㶶˶䣬ķǰվſڵѾ˵λȥͨһ˵ӡ
ѾȻ֪ݣ˶𾴣һ򸣣Žǰȥͨ
ûһѾ߾³ˣȻЦ˵ү÷ȥһһЩš
ЦЦͷž˭Ѿһ䡣
һֻѾںԲǹѾߵĲǰࡣ
Ȩ¶һ˿ǿ΢ЦȻϢȵ˵ɣ˵ʱֻʱ»˯ڴǸˡ
ӿ첻Ҫô˵вڴҹ̽Ӧ֮塣
ǹǿ˵ͷȻָָԼԱߵλ˵
ҲûпֱӾȨԱߣȻ´ɫ
ԽԽüΪķ֮УڵȨɫҪ࣬ϻһЩΡ
ɲ˵ʱɫ˥ܣݿ¡ǵϵʱ򣬾Ȼ档
ȨҲ֣˿ЦŽ͵ղźһ龲ϵƵҩҩǹãÿκ֮Ҷоûйɡ
֮һ£ҲȻˣû龲ϵʿҩ⹫ɥȪˡ
ʱվڹԵ÷㣬ɫǳʵ˵ֻ𣿡
ƶ˵׼˵ʱ㿴Ȩ÷϶оֵı飬ǸϽοǡ
ҲùڵĵģֲգȻҪ֪ҵ
ո˵仰ڶȨûüˣԺһЦ
ĸ˵Ҳ·ͷ
ʱŵȨ̾ͻվԵ÷ǿѾﵽӵȥˡ
һ龰ﻹףǸˡ
ҲļˣֱӾݡ
Լļ̳ǰӷ̳ľʼ̤дʡ
ֲǿӹٷɿձ仯šΪ꣬УٽԪųɡ
һʩչɷֶһǾٻڤڤoǰ
Ϊ֪һصַͬСɣɴ⣬Ŷ
꣬޾γ֮УԻһλo
λoӳõĻ˯֮ѹȻǿ̧ͷγпȥ
oϾ¶΢ЦȻָǵγȵ˹ȥ
Խ޾γȣ̳ǰһ˲һɭϢ㷨̳ת
һоϢоһϲ
ԭǰʱΪɷѾʩչ󷨵ʱ
ԭȵʱô䶼ûκε
Լո꣬ͽһĹ֪ڤڤеoѾ־
㲻ҵҡеľʼбǵķ򣬲ָͣ㡣
ϱ͵һžͽߵǹ⣬뵽ɷ֮С
ߵǹһ£ɷ۾Ϳʼų˵ĹâԺγһâɵդС
ԺеɫЩ仯ˡ
ʱҲûҵĸǰԼÿһˣЩҷԼֻʹֶΣԷѾˡ
һ˾Ȼʩչ󷨣ȻԼС
ȻЩȶԷֶΣûκκ¡
ֻһЦȻſھһɺ̡
뿪ܣ̾ɢܿ̾ͺɷɵĹâײ
ֻ̺͹âײ֮žžҲʱе
⿴֪ɺ̣ĥԼķ
ɲᣬһλӶľľĻ裬оԼɷһͬʱϵıҲ˺Ӧ
֪ˣľ͵ǣһǹ⣬ֱڵȥ
ǹٶȷɿ죬ֻգۼʹϡ
һʱûע⣬ǹУ̾һѪ
ɫ䣬ɫŤҲڿǺˣֻͻȻдʡ
̫񣬼ݳͨ޼ڤ׷磬ʮŮǧƷࡣǹ»꣬ڼ١ٻΣڷաϵۄС
ԾȻγһŨԽԽʵȻšһŽʵľ塣
⾧壬͵ľȥ
ɭľڴ˺ɷɵĹâֻһž졣
Ǿ徹Ȼ׵ĴɷȻһڵ׹ȥ
עĶˣǾ׵Ĵɷ󣬾֪á
û뵽ı£Ȼܹ۳ʵ
Ҳ˲ˣֻ͵شӻȡľ⣬Ȼһһų
͵ľҴӣͬϾҪǰľײһ
ǼһǼ
ֲͬԵķײһ𣬲ûеǾ춯صıըǿʼ
һʩչЩִ٣ͷЩȻĥǾķʧ
ףռһ֣һ׸ոʧ۳˵ڶס
ִӿһδǾϡ
ôӶ״£Ǿȫıˣʧ˰С


229 
ԺеԸǾʱѾʩչһŵĺ̡
ԽԽŨأɷû֣ϾЩܿס
ֻ͵һܣȻ󴩹ϵĹâԺӵǽϡ
ӳķһתͷֿѾԼķ
ǳŭ
ôԼԣԼϾҪСӣΪһ壬ΪԼķ
ʿȻԼɵȻǾ͹ֲԼĺ
ӻһһͷΡ
ͷΣһǽʱʹùһΡ
һڶʩչ
óͷ֮̾;ͬʱղѾЩģһˡ
֮ģΪеͷβǷһѵõı
ͷһĹз֣Դӱõ֮ĶʮļѾͨ
ⱦиʽơΡһʩչܹųһֻʵķˡ
˿ɲǷԶʱһֻ˵ľҲ֪λʩչ˴˵ȫ֮ľƳֻͷΣ
Զ˾֮ѾӳԼɷæٴδӷ̳һƣڷ̳֮¡
죬ֻСԺ͵һžһɽɵǽֱӾͽһס
龰Ҳ£ֻ΢΢һЦһʲôȻ͵Ľеķͷ׵˰ա
Ƿͷ뿪֮̾͹ЮһɫĻ档
ŻԽԽ͵һȻֿʼ͡
ȵɢ֮Ѿһֻһķˡ
Ƿ˵õɣʮֵ˷ܣһ
ֻһУ޾ĹⲨͿʼײʩչĽǽϡǽǽâһ壬̾Ϳʼȶ
ѾЩסˣû뵽Ȼʼ
ǴʩչԽһؾȻٻһֻˣⲻصΥ
վǽͷҲżȹƽǽǶԷеЦЦ˵ʿЩֶΣȻʩչѹ׵ı¡˿ǰѼҲֶˡ
ȻѾһɲõԤУǰҲʾ
ֻЩȻ֪ҵΪʲô컹ˣ
Сʿ˼֪꣬ߵغ񣬽Ҿ͸һѵ
˵͵ķһָĶǰеĻַһУž͹ЮһŻ棬ֱڡ
ˣҲҵΨһ̵ܹľеľˣϣľֵܹסˡ
ֵֻľ⣬߸ϹͷȻһתأתɷûתת׻𾪣תתɽת޵ͷһʮֲΪ֮²ö
һ꣬̾γһĵ绡֮Ҳʼһź֡
ϵĵ绡ܿͺϺвʱֵ׵γ˺Ӧ
ʱ㣬Ѿǵ⻷ƣһ˼
ֻһͶ԰еǻ¡׵磬ҲǴæûлȫ
Ҳû취飬ǻѾ˷⣬ҪǲȡһЩӦֶΣ˽˼ңôһ˰㣬ᱻ
˱УȻûˣҲڰͣһ¡
ͳ͵߿ţܵԺ
ֻڵУѾһλεıѱ͵Ͼ˽棬ֱǻ˵Ĳӡ
ǻȻɷ˵ľϾʧһЩԣ˶ЩЩľګ
ˣһ¾ûжıֱӾͱλεĽ濳˲ϡ
оеĽɵ佣ѾԷĲϣоһϲһӦùܵ˰ɣ
ǽһĻֱӴͷ˽ŵס
ԭȻ˶Էֻáॡһı˽֮ϡ
ٿǸЩ㶵ĻˣȻǺ
㵽ҲЩ鷳˾Ȼнղ֮
ҲûȫʧΪ׷ûʩչ
͵һԾԼͻ˵ľ֮󣬿巽ʹ顣Ƽ̳ԾΪǲȥа뷡
ке磬̵ľۼһžһˮͰֵĵ⻮գǻ˵ϡ
ɲСǻͨҲһġ
ǽȴЩˣֻһϾһŻðȻưɫĻ͵ؾȥ
滹ûнӽ㣬͸оһȣ֪渽ҺӲƴֻ͵ڵһǿĶˡ
һ֮ЩߣʩչˣҲÿҵķˡ
ӻȡһֽˣ͵һףű̫΢۾飬ͱףаͲ壬ͥ㵶
ƮƮļʮֽ̾ð˻ƹ⣬ȵڵϵʱѾʮλͷҽ׵Ľˡ
ԶǽͷϵǸʮֽˣȻ˽ˣоһ
ΪַʮҲΡ
ʩչģλԳƷĸŮˡ
ǰʿǷĸһģôԼҪɱʿǷĸһԼưոݡ
뵽ʱɵǰ֣˶ʮǰǳս
һǺգҪԼл˻ѾǷĸճ˻ҽ
Ϊ⼸ʮǰ¶ֻǶ쳾֮أĻ˷ԱܹǷĸٴο⡣
ɱʿôԼٺܿͻᱻλĸ֪ʱǷĸ׷ԼڵĹԵֵ
ʯ֮䣬Ѿǧͷҧҧһţ᷷ɣҮᡣոᣬԽķŨơɸǣǬΥɻΡ
꣬ǻ͵ͣ˿УϵĻԽԽʢȻγһŻ򣬰Ѹյͨһ̫һ
龰֪ٵȣֻ͵ǽϵһָ̾ʹʮλзֳһ룬ֱǵĺ꾫
£ֻ΢΢һЦǰһԾǰͣŵķˣȴͻȻˣ͵ȥȻֻһŻ⣬ȵٳֵʱѾվǻ˵ıϡ
ֻðǺ˵Сʿк֮£һڼȻйϵôͱ顣


230 
˵仰֮͵һµķˣǷչ߷ɣɵ˼ʮɵĸ߿ա
±۾ĶڿԽԽСǷˣеľҲԽԽ
ͻȻ֮䣬㽫ľٴξٹͷ⣬Կã뷡
һ꣬еĺƣһ³һǺ֮е磬ٵ֡
ǰеûκζֻڷ֮ϣǺЦ±ʩ
±߿֮磬Ѿ۵Ĳˣǰеľҡһҡ
ҡľ⣬е磬ǱһͣеǷ˴ȥ
籼ֻǲĿ˵µһۣȴûκεĵı顣
ȻЩ磬ûпǻˣͱҫ۵Ĺâȫɡ
±˼ľ첲ˣϵȥϰ٣ҲеĻûκεá
СʿʶĸϽԾʡҶ֣ȻĻһ֣ǻҶ¡
ڵѾûκεİ취ˣȻлпҲ̺Ĺ֣ˣΪЩֳҲֻǰװʧ
ûа취ֻҽӻȡֽӵһףֳֽһźʱѾĸС̧ŵɭɭĽӡ
ǽԱߵǸŮһأ̾˽ϽΡ
Ҳ飬ֱӾͽ˽ӣȻһһֽӣǽҲͷɵ˰ա
֮󣬽ӵĽӣǽ̾ͷɳĹ֣Щһһ߻˺ҧԶԶĿžôˡ
ĽӣǽӾͷų˹̣̿ʼͣӡ
һֽзųĺ̾Ȼʼӵ˻˵ܡ
Щ̻ûп˼ɵķԲǻϷųĻһã̾ͻΪ˻ҽ
Դ㲢⣬ڽٴȡ˿ÿҡһҡ
ǿ̾ͷų˵Ĺ
ЩΣӵٶȷǳ죬ܿͰѸһ﷽Բȫռݡ
һǳǻ˻Ҳ֮С
ڻϵǺ꣬ԸоԼܷѾ˱仯ԼʩչȻЩв档
Щľͬʱ۾Ҳʼ
Сʿеıǲղľͷ磬ڰӸȻܹܿռ䲼ԼĹųķڡ
Լõ⼸ǸĸҲһսܹ֮֮
뵽о̰֮ģٿʱ򣬾ͷڽһͱһ
ڿû۲뷨ſдʡ
ʦģ׷˻꣬ķꡣ
Ǿл䣬ҪǿнеС
һܹɹôһ´ˡ
ǿϺǸһĽ⣬ǽһ˲ӵ֮С
ʱԶ̾͸оڸĿռ֮һꡣ
һ֪ãû뵽µСʿͲ֪ķ٣ҪǿнԼѽ
ղԼˣʿʩչ
Ѿ꣬
㷨Ȼأһʱûа취ֻĴ߶򣬿ʼ͸壬һһİγꡣ
ʱԣԷûʲôĻ취ĿС
ϧԸΥôܹôվʹΪֻ͵һˣӾͱס˻˵
ǻһηϵĻͿʼҵ͡
һǻϵĻѾɫǰɫĹâĸ£Ѿѿռ丽Ŀռ䶼ѾŤˡ
㿽ͷųķ򣬱һǣѾʼŤ޷ʩչϡ
ʱѾҪսپĻһֱʩչȥסʲôֵķԼԿ
ǣ͵ͨǻˡ
뵽˻֮УʹŻ˵壬͵شӸ߿ֱֽ֮ӡ
ڽпһ̫͵ԼһײҪǱײУԼ̾ͻɢ
ȫֽӣֻǽܵĹ͵Ŀʼȫ뵽˽֮Уǽӣţ͵һŴھͷųһ
һ뿪ӣӭ㳤žͻ˼ɷԲ˽ӵǰ
ײĻˣںɢ޾̫һ֮ռŤЩ·ħֻûпͻΪķɻҡ
ЩҲǸȡʱ䣬Ҳʱų˺
ֻǺ֮пʼܿռĿҲʼʵ
ʱǻѾǺҲʾ͵ӭȥ
һһһףȻͬɫзײ
տʼʱǺȻܹͻ˲¡
ʱƣǻϵİɫԽԽǺϵĺȻʼɢ
±߿֪ȥˣǸϽʩչľ⡣
ľͷţǺɫƲҲʼһ磬һص粢ǰɢңһɾ޴ĵ⡣
ľʱǺѾǼֲסˣϵĺѾɢĲˣѾ¶ı塣
ʱϵѾɣžһɲִ󣬵ȴɢ˹âĵ⣬˻˵ϡ
һػ𣬷ɫĻ棬ûܹɵ磬һ˲ͻ˻˵ıϡ
һǻϾͿʼҴܣϵҲʼ˲ҽС
Ҳ֪ô£һմ˻˵壬ıҲʼô磬ȻֻһЩˡ
Ǹ˱ͣһ£ϵĻ㿪ʼɫĻ¶ҲԵ½һء
ȻѾʼ¶½ȵĸ¶˵ûʲô
ĺڳ׵֧Ųסˣֻһ£ͻ˼̣Ȼ͵شܻ˽С
龰д󺧣ѵԼҪʯָռ
һˣȨһ⣬һǨŭԼʱԼľӪͻһ
뵽֪֮ԼλҪƴһ¡
ΪǺǸصͬնǸֻسеԼˣȫҲֲϡ
±ߵ𣬿ǿ⸽壬ԼҪǰ±ߣôԼںϵϾûˡ


231 𵤷
֮󣬽ľͿȫյ˻УȻʼ
ǰδеƽƽ֮Уܿ͸ӦԼ֮еֻ𵤡
ڽ֮ϣǽ𵤿ʼٵתŽ𵤵ĶܵĿռҲʼһЩſı仯
仯֮УһɹʼӣȻų⿪
ܵı仯ܿע⣬оϷ˲˼ı仯
ֲܺͬڻų
龰С˵ˣû˵
ɵҲ֪Ҫʩչķˣɲѷʩչһδ߶ˣȫײȥ
һػ¿ɲκε谭ˣûмǻѾֽӵĸ
֮ǻ˵ٶȾȻʼϵĻҲƮ޷άˡ
ԭڸղôһСʱ䣬ϵĹѾʼʮɡڵĻϹķΧ֮ڡ
ϵĹ򣬲ӵϿɣҪӵейļӳɡ
ִĹԺĹ˳ͻʮɾ֮ڣĿռѾԭȽȻͬ
ռ֮ڣϵķˣϵĻҲʼ¶˶Ȼ½
Ϊ޷ӦִϵķֻǿһЩĻ⣬Ҳ޷ղһ̫ˡ
ǻϵթޱȣһҲ͵һĻˣǷһչѸٵ߿зȥûмµĹӳķΧ
ȵһ뿪ܣϵĻһοʼӿǰɫȹâ³ϡ
˰еģ±ߵ㣬¶ЦΪ㷨ܹκεңھ֪֪
뵽֮дʣһǷܣ۳һſŰĻš
һָȵİɫţһȥ
ЩһӽʮɵľǾͿʼҵȵӸʱѾһԷŻĻ
ײڽϣ̾ͷɢǽӲûκε˺
ǶеǲϣֻͣĻָָ۳ɵһɫĻţͣײȥ
ѾļΪӱЩŶ㲢ûκεвʵʵǣܲͣӵĹ𵤷ľֻ
ĻÿһײĹΧһ˿ķȥܿǽ𵤾޷άеĹˡ
ڽ룬ûԮĻԼţӲԷֶˡ
Ҫ˵ԮΨһo
Ȼ޷ٽ磬ķȴԴﵽܳܵļޡ
ƾķӦܹ׵Ľ
˼֮һֽӣǽӱ㻺˵ϡ
ӽгһӣֻӱ㻯һŰֽĻС
ڵ̧ͷ˿ȻͣĻɫƽϥԺӵм䣬˫ֺʮɫʼöׯ顣
еǸӵҪˣоһ
СʿַȻܺԼмֶôʱ䣬ֲ֪Ҫʩչʲôŵķһؾɹ
ڰУĵǹ¡
ǻ˵ĺʲôָʾһ͵׹
һʮɵľ룬ϵĻֺϴһʼ𣬲ǻ˲żֻһ³뿪ĹΧ
ȵڰ֮УĻ֮ǻ˾ͻٴһͷ׹£˷
ŻԼսڵķʼٵġ
±ŵһкǲŲһΪڵѾĿռ䣬޾ά֮Уһһ
ʱڹ֮Уڸλ˵ĹͻȻֹͣԡ
һֹͣ˵ڸĸ̾͸оһ֣ͷֹͣǰͷ˵޹Դȱҫ硣ֹͣԣ
ۣ±߿˿֮¶΢Ц˵磬һСիһֻҡ
ͷĻ̸оŭֱ·ּǰȥǷ磬˽
ǹҡҡͷ˵˷ɭϣ£²Խǻˣƶɮ·һ˵ĺá
˵֮ǹҡҡ̾ʹзֳһ
ͷڣģɫ顣
ֻ۾֮󣬶Ź˵ͷȻҲĸĲ죬ͻһ⣬ʧ˹
뿪֮̿ʼάܿʹ޾ά֮Уڵ硣
ıԵ޾Ĺ㿪ʼֻ֣ǺһӴ̾ͷſ˷Լ֮С
ǵգۼĸžͻһʵ֮Ӱ
ʱλ¹ֻ±ԼıܵĹȻ֣ѾʮֵٹͻữΪޡ
֪ٵȣ̾ͷŴ֮УһǹֱӾճ˼ء
еķȻʼĪı仯ʼԴķ
ǿеĻˣϵĹâҲʼ
ڻϵһŵòѪ
СȻ˵Ĵԣȴû뵽o磬ȻĻһ١
ȻûдӶϸовȴ޾ܡ
ҿ͵µǸСʿЩϵȻԼûбҪСʿˣǸϽǷ֮ذɡ
һ뷨Ҳ˲ˣһǻˣչԶȥ
ڰеĹ΢ۣ΢΢һЦֶԶȥĻһץ
ʱѾɳʮص͸оĿռ俪ʼۣ͸оʱͿռ俪ʼٵĺˣֻգ֮»صǰ
ѾŵѾûжԿ˼ˣæ˻ˣڰ֮Уǹؿס
ȱС۲ʶ̩ɽǰС
ǹ⻰ʼ΢ʩչͨչȥδ鿴ǰ


232 سɷ
ڹķ֮Уǰͽһչǰ
ǰʱ㲻Ʋ磬ΪС檡
ˣʧȥΪ˺ꡣ
һ㲻Ϊ֮ȻнһĹõһȱеľ飬ſ޳
걾ƣڼ֮УΪ˼ӿٶȣȻʼȡӵԪˡ
Ҫ˵ҲЩ־ᶨ˼ƣһᶨƷʸ߽ˣҲܴĥѡ
֮ٴʩչͨۿź꾫δ
޵δ֮Уǿ꾫Ľβ
֮Ĺ΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻѭӦˬ
һûܵ谭ι̣ʱ¸޼ɵ
ڲ֮ͻΪ˴ġ
ںͷһʱ˳ȻǾ鲻𣬾Ȼ浽
ոնԵڶʩչֶΣһʱ򣬾ͱԳõ˵ظ
Ľǽ𵤱үᣬĻ»صʱȴԼҲǸһѻˡ
Ǽ꾫Ļǣ̫ܲķգǻɢ
֮΢΢صͷ
ǹ±ߵĺ꾫ӣʹ򿪹ˣѵǰ׼ŹԼ
ҲӦãԼһôܷŹԼͽ
뵽֮꾫Ȼڵ˼ǰһűԼˡ꾫Ȼ档
˿Ҳе֣꾫ɱôھȻ˵
ԭ꾫ԽĴȱӰԽΪأѾ֪֮нԼԣڹķˡ
Ϊ꾫ſʼԼǰͽĴ
ǹ۹գϾ֪պ꾫ôġ
¶΢Цĵ˵ͷ˵Ź꼴֮ģǱУԹ»Խԩ
Ǻ꾫֮Ϻ¶˽ѵЦݣͷ
ͻȻ֮䣬һĹ£Ǻ꾫֮С
Ǻ꾫ͷͻȻĹ̾ͨЩ򿴵δ
ľվһָһָ˵δ徻ŮӣԳ粻ɣȡ
δ徻ˣٳ粻ɴȡ
δڼŮڣңҵ౨ĳʣжҵϤ𣬶գɴȡ
ʱ꾫Ĺʱ򷢴˴ԸиУн¹£ֱǺ꾫ڣϴˢ
еĹüͷһ壬ΪⷽΨһϾͺⷽһЩϵ
ˣĹϾʹԼĸӦ֪ⷽѾ˾ҵı仯ϾҪһ٣֮󣬱ٴγ֡
飬ΪЩ׼
Ȼı仯֮иӦһЩ飬ȴЩɣ᲻ԼⷽĳɾͣʲôӰ죿
ɵʱǺ꾫Ѿ͵Ĺ£ѾԭǺǻׯµŮӡ
ֻŮյ׺ͷһ㣬䱳˹¹Ȧ
ŮͻȻʩ֮͵ķɵ˰գԣŮ״
һΣﻹ⡣
ԼҪⷽ𣬶߻λ̴ѾǸһλá
ʱ±ߵҲ̧ͷһϵĹȻôˡ
˼һͷ㸽˹ϡ
һ֪ǰһӿͷ
˴ʱҲӹ֪һЩȥδ֮£һǹδⷽ
˵һϢһõϢ
˵ǺϢȻΪԼķⷽ˵ԼδҲǳɷ
˵õϢΪȻɵĹı廹ǵˡ
Ƿ˷棬ôԼıûʲôɾͣΪ˳ֻͶˡ
ŵķȻ˵ҲһܣԼⷽĴԸ͸оһͷۡ
Լţţô¾ûһʱһңˡ
һ뷨֮̾͸оԼѹɽڱԼǰѽ
Լŭûʲô취һ
ԼôҲ͹Ϊһ壬ǰȥƽ
һ뷨̾ͷӳķȥ
ֻǹ΢΢һЦ̾;ԵĺŮһ뿪ⷽ磬žͿʼά
γԽԽߣǹѾֲסѾһ޵ʶ塣
ȵǵγһĽ׶Σֳֻǹǰһ㣬ǰ̾ͳһն
ǹһ˦ӣԵǺŮ̾Ͳؽǿնʧˡ
ȵǺŮӦʱ򣬷Ѿ޾֮УǴһľ
⾻룬һλ͵㻯Լλһģһ
Ů龰ﻹ֪λԼԺ̷ˡ
ǰ߼Ͷأг̾ԣʤԹӰǰ֮
мѾԸղŷ龡˽⡣
ŮӣȳķԸҷţҵ
֮
ǺŮ˵֮վ󹦵¹Źװٴη˱仯ֻԭŮģѾı˱ӡ
Ǳ΢΢һЦһࡣ
ڵһ̾
˵Ů˱ᣬ˵֮УķǺŮ֮۹⿪ʼ֮вͣɨӡ
о޾ά֮Уǿ壬ڲͣٻԼ
Ͼ֪ӦþԼҪݼĵˡ
ùķʩչϾ͸о忪ʼٴά
ǹķȻϾֻһߣܵʵγȿռ䡣
˹άֻǵһ̶ȱҲ޷ǰ
еݼʱͻȻķһŹǹܿͽķס֮ʼٵάȡ


233 ŵ
㱻ɹţܿһ֯γɵĿռ֮С
мȵƯš
⼸ʶ壬оǳ׽ոӿ뷨̾͸оԼѾʶǰ
͸оγȿռ俪ʼ̮һᣬȵռʱȫȶ֮󣬳ǰľȻһƬء
֮ⷽвûκεķޣֻ޵ϼе׺
ϼⲢͨĹâ޾Ĺ֯ɣ֮ǰȻ֮ڹλʱȡá
ԦĹ֮ⷽ󣬺̾ͺⷽز˸Ӧ֮̾Ʈ֣ŵӿ˶
ЩڿƮģɹɵĺϼҲʼһӿǰ˸Ů
ЩŮһĸͣĻ䣬ͬʱгų̵ĸʡ
Ѷø߸ߵģҪЩŮǵ׳еʲô
ôע⣬޷ЩʣֻǸоЩڳԼδ¡
ҪﶺЩŮĿ֪һЩδ֮µʱͻȻ֮ռһ
̾ʹռıԵʧһγֵʱѾⷽصм䡣
ڷӦ֮мһֻڴƽԭ֮ϣڷŴ
ЩҪ͸γȣֱҫ֮С
˵ѾöˣΪڹеʱÿ춼Ҫλ˳ݡ
ڼλʥ̹ڵأؿס
м˼ߵף¶һ˿ЦݣȻ˵˺£
ϱߵʻҵæ˵Լе
𣬵Եһ磬֮дµͳǵӵķɾ͹ڵӹչȥδֹǷ˵󣬲֪Ǻã󡣡
ֵλĻЦ˵СҪɾͷŵķӣǳΪŵĽɣ
˵ʻն˵δɾͲ𲻻ɡ
Ȼ㻹ʲô
֮һ£˵Լ˼
еĽɣҪһ磬ڵӵķй£ǲǻͻ
ұߵˣĻͻȻʵǹǺˣ
ǵӷ
֮к죡
仰Ͼ;ûȻĿʡ
㱾һˣɾͷӣԼҲǷӣɾͽɣҲǽɣαػᡣ
мλ𣬿ѾȻ˵ճɽ𵤣ǳ֪ɷ֮أһ죬ɾɣȻ֪ǵ
˵仰֮󣬶һЦȻԱһץ̾һϼС
ǰݣʹ͡
˵֮󣬾ͽϼȥ
Ǻϼһ˲ûڣ֮С
һ˲䣬͸оԼԭʼͣһĹԼʼϵһ
ûеĸӦ͸оһռ任ѵʱѾһδϿա
̾ʹӹķԾԭȻŹһͷ֮׹뵽֮ⷽС
ǹΧԶȥ˵ͷ֮󣬾Ϳʼάܿʧγȡ
ǹܿ»صľ֮С
һлô꣬ı룬Ϊ˵
ĹķŴܿ˱ĸ
ͬʱŹ֮âΪһ壬ȵâʧ֮ǹķѾӰֻйȻ̨ϡ
ѯʷʲôºֻͻȻ״
֮ͼֺʮ֮
֮󣬹±ߵн˵Ħǰҵǰݷ棬ھ֮ϰ𷨣ҷȡ
˵֮㿪ʼı䵭뵽֮С
ԭһ˲֮䣬ѾͨĦľͬʱʩչֻͨһ˲Ϳ޾άȡ
ȵǰٴʱѾĦӵľ
ʱڹǰֳһλߣɫ飬·ƾɣһۡ
һ⾰Ͼ֪ǰλĦУͷӵһƵĴҶ
λߣκεĵǰԵ
ӼҶߡ
λصĴͷӣ΢Цһ̧֣̾͸оǰһ
ضСɮ֮ǰӭ
ǰҵ
ҶֻЦЦ㲻ٶԣתǰߴ·
ܿһɽǰɽǧ֮ߣɽ¡
ԡ֮Уֻܵ˾ǰѧܵĸɻһ̺񶼵õ˽˵
ˣ֪ӦþǷ潲˵֮ˡ
ǹվɽ£ŸɽʩŸŴҶǰС
ȵһֻΧǧɮˡ
ЩɮÿһͷϷ⣬˸徻֮ͬʱÿ¶һ̨
ֻЩɮɨһۣ֪ŵÿһɮ£й¶ԶԶԼ
˹ҼǰУֻվߣҶǰ
Ȼһһ˵ǰ
Ͻǰڵʩ
ӣ档
ǰ
⻰Щ죬ɵ̧ͷϿ˿ֻǰһλӡ
ǰŴ֮ǧ磬ÿһ綼ӵı֮ʱʱ֡
֮⣬зǻ۹⣬âճǧ磬е飬âһգдǻۡ
ֻλ΢΢Цţ̧С
֪Լٴǰ
˹æվŲ˷ӵĽǰ
̧˹ͷϵͷȻ󿪿ԤԵӣȥ޲׺£ڽ𣬺Ի𡣡
ȷ˵֮ڵµλеǳĳԾ
ԭղŷΪλԤԣ˵ڽ
ɲԤԵ⣬⻹Ħ𷨵ļӳ֣Ա֤ڽɷ
õµЩøĦĸ޺֧𣬸еЩ˼飬Ҫ֪ǸѾʱ䣬ֻĦΪշԤԣںΪ
ǽλӾȻ˵λոճɾĺߣڽ𣬲Ϊӳֹඥ
ϵµĸҲоһɴƣµһҪˡ


234 ñ
˵Ħ
˵»صʱ̾͸оԼԭⷽϵԽĽܡ
ԭ֮һĹڲͣϵⷽ
ϵԽԽܣоԼԪѾʼҪ뵽֮ⷽС
ԴǼϲǡ
ϲԪϵԽԽܣôԼ˵ǽԪ֮УֻҪͲ
ǵǣֻһССĽʿǺʱ䳤˿ԼͻʧĹ֮Уܹ԰ΣҪԼʶҲĥ¾ͻΪⷽһܡ
һ£ԼҪ»صǱȡ̵ʱ֮ڳɾԪ񣬴ﵽɵľ磬ֵֻܹʴ
⣬վ׼ȥǸСӣ֮ʰо֡
ǾʱڵͻȻһ⣬ܵʲôѹƣȻƴڿն𣬵ȴһδεʧܡ
󣬼æǰ鿴
ֻһֻͷΣͷκһһδεĴӵԾ𣬵ÿһζεĹѹƣ˳
ЦЦǰһͽͷС
֮ϸĶֻ꣬Σֻͷȫ£б׺
Щ֮껹֣֮һֵ꣬ڲͣ
ΣһοɲһĶһѵõı
ԼԺⷽӦûһЩĥѣҪֱ
ʱηԼԣȵԼ֮ٽ仹
ʱ䳤ˣͷΪԼ¹ͣԼɵʱҲ֮ڵһ
뷨֮Ƿͷ֮ڵͻȻİ
ְǳˣȫĳ
ԭͷڵǻˣڷͷ֮ڱ˲֪£˼ˡ
Ҫ֪Ϲŵޣֻʣ꣬ôĸӦҲͨʿܹġ
ڻЩ֮УÿһܣȴûһҪ
һȴзԸԼɵû̵ľͰ
ڻ˰֮ҲоֻͷͻȻ֮ԼȻܹȫƿء
ˣ΢΢һЦͽͷηŵԼĻС
㿴һѾҳһŵСԺεҡҡͷ½˷䡣
ֱ֮ڼķ⣬ãʵǷţ
Ļһ߾ʹһ
ôˣǸûУ
ҷģѾƶˣԺ󲻸ˡ
㲢ûкͱ˵ʵΪ˵ʵҲš
ΪҫϾûһ˻ķǹ
ãͺã÷ȥš
ߵķԸܿһŲſڣš֨ѽһľű㱻򿪡
ſֳ֮Ѿ÷Ӱ
÷۾˿û״ÿͨ·š
˷䣬ӵĴǰ
ֻڵӣűӣǽɪɪ
֮󣬺ŷһЩģ֮͵ǰһ˾ץסȻ˵˵ıˡ
Ȼǲ˵ʵ˱һ׻˵ѾشȻʱˣԪˣûһ޷ָ˹Ӳغ¡
ĻһȻǻйһһֱӾ̱ڴϡ
Ա߸ŵ÷һϾһΪʲô£˴ſǻ˵ϣһҡһߵүôˣɲҪū澣Ҫиôūҿô죿
÷տʼʱҲǵȨ壬˺ǿȨ֮ҵˣȻʼӳ˺
ȨֻһԼƽйŻЩ̱÷ôһ֣˾ֱӾͰ÷ƵһߣȻ˵ʲôޣҺúõģɥѽ
÷Ȩû£ҲΪЦ˲ϵἱæǰȥȨ
ȨԱߵѾЩ岻Ҳûа취վԱ߿˼ȣǶŴϵȨ˹֣˵ӼȻ¾ʱˡǰүµĻػء
ȨԼߣĻҲܰһЩǼϵ˳ҲͲٸ㣬ֻǿͬ⡣
ȨָǣСԺ
ǰߵʱ̾˷ټ̾ƫԺ֮е
Ϣ֪Ѿǰߣ̾ʹֵµ߰˸ƫԺ
ǵʱ򣬾Ϳվ֮⣬ƮƮȻһ
ʵҲֲǵĸоΪڵڵĹںͣĽڣڵ˼ϢѾԽԽ١
ɲ֪˼һоλտʼʱ򣬲ɽ¶ˮϺһսʾԼĲǵز¶ĸˡ
뷨֮ӵڣǰĸ첲һ¥Ȼõ
ǼƴǣΪطһ֮λãԼһĵʿôԽ޴ң
Ǹȴã󼸺Ҫˣ㲻òƤм䡣
֮Ц㡣
ЩĹҪ˵ûмʣǲܵġ
ڼˣҲûʲô취ֻĸվԡ
Ѿվתͷ㹰ʵǽ֡
΢΢һЦȻ˵һҲƶѾԶԶĶߡ
Ļشһϲǽֳ˳ݡ
ּȻˣ˵֮󣬻᲻»
ʩģȻˣѾҴˣĹҲתҪָûһʱ䣬ǲˡ
Ľͣ⣬˵ȵһ֮ɣ»ôҲ֪ʲôˡ
ʱѾû䣬ôҲҲʣµĺˣҵʱȻǷʢôҲֻͶ
ȫĵʱ±ߵǸ龲ϵʿȴͻȻˡ
Ȼ˵Ѿߣô֪ʲô֤ݡ
⻰ЩˣԴԼˣ龲ϵʿûԼ
У龳ϵʿȻͲСΪǳԼֻǺ󱲡
ӶĶײԼвߣͬʱҲţͽһЩѵ֪죬ˡ


235 ѵ
֮͵Ľ˫ۣͬʱ龲ϵʿȥ
ʱ龲ϵʿͻȻ֮зų⣬ֱӾʹԼϡ
ϵʿЩԾû뵽˵Ͷ֣ڵѾòǱڵһ
龲ϵʿΪղѾİϮͬʱҲЩŭһӴӵϱָҰʿȻҰңȻưոݡ
龲ʿ˵֮󣬾ʹӻһذףҪǰȥƴ
ǾʱԵļһӵϣֱӾͰסˣȻ¾Ͷذס
ϵôˣ
ѽѽúûе㣬α
龲ϵʿ˵ĻһȻм俴ȥ
һֻм㣬¶Ųм΢Ц￴Цء
ԱŵѾɫࡣ
龲ϵʿһ龰ϾʶԼղĵĻԡ
龲ϵʿôҲôˣҲϲ㣬ȴҲСӡ
ֻһתϾ⡣
ֻϵʿͻȻĻʼ鴤Ȼ͵ȥһ¿ɰĹһѵϵǳܲסôȥˡ
мҲ˶ϵʿĲæ˽ϵʿƽȻϿȥ
ڿ⸮ǺļУȻгд
ûһһһҩ䣬ҴҵĽ˴
ˣæķԸ龲ϵ
Ǵæһǰȥ龲ϵʿ
һЩˣΪУλϵʮƽʮͨĴСҲȲ
ѵʲôԼûϳ뷨֮Ҳ׵˵Լǰжϣڶ￪ʼϸĸ龲ϵʿ
ôŬ޷ϵʿзʲôûһѾͷˡ
һԿŵ𣬼Ѿͷ󺹣Ǿǲ˵龲ϵʿʲôҲʼģѵλϵѾǵꡣ
ڴҶһŵʱ뾭ϵʿͻȻ۾Ȼ󳤳һ˵գա
˼˼æӵϷ͵Աߵλ֮ϣá
˴ʱʵϵĪʲôղôͻȻͲʡ£
龲ϵʿĳһźʮε˵ҲʩЦǰݵʱ򣬾Ȼ֪İ㡣һСǱϵ֮УղżСͻȻңҺһЩǿнѹ˫ʶ֮Żԡ
֮һĺ£žǸм֮ɫԱ
ǽǱСҵĻȵһˣ󻼣ǼҲһ鷳
ֱӾ龲ϵʿǰʩ
ĵ棬ûСǱȥлˡ
ֵ㣬ڸղŵǿһǸ龲ϵʲô˰㣬Ӳÿֺµʩ˵ϹԼ̨ء
ҲûнҴϵʿ뷨Ϊ˴ˣԼղѾѵԺ󲻸Լǰ
΢ЦվȻ˵ǰҲʩ踣ƶʲôϵ
±ߵ龲ϵʿ㲢ûвԼųһͬʱǰĲȥࡣ
ȻȰ͵ͷϢȻֵµĹܼң׼ϯҪϯΪ칦
ڻصͷ֮Ҳ˸ֱӵͷ˯
ȵٴʱѾ͡
ڿͷ֮УոյһжǷ̾ʹˣžʹ߽һһѾߡ
ѾҲŮֱ֮Ӿ˴ǰҪ𴲡
һЩˣΪѾ߻һŮҲʮִͣʱഺѧУѧϰġ
Ů붼룬ΪһǷ
ŮӾȻŮ֮ǰԼЩ̿֡
ܿ͵Լ̬ΪҵĹͣԷɳѾԼҲԼɲ¶ӣñСȥ
ֻԵһԥ󷽷ŮӸԼ
ȵϴ֮ڿͷĿ֮УһվԱߵѾߣʲôѽ˭ҵģ
үĻū㣬үүġ
˵ͷȻʵʩʲôҪ𣿡
үĻүԸū澣ȵ֮ȥᡣ
˵ͷȻ˵ȻǾ͸Ͻ÷ɣ˷Ҳȥү
Ѿ֮󣬼æһҴҵĳ˿ͷһһ½ˡ
еСԲ̷£Ȼеʳһһİϣ̣վһ׼㡣
վԣֻϰһС࣬ȻǼˬ¿СˣȻǼű
㿴һͣЩüЩôܳԵñ
ѾߺҲ˼Ա߽͵үʱѾˣϾ͸ˣڳԵĶˣһٳ緹ºξͲʳˡ
֮۾һתͷ´ѾߣֻѾֻ߳ϵȣ۾ȴɢһǻ۵Ĺâ̬лһֽӣʮעĿ
Ѿ߱ô´̾ͺˣͷֲԼ½ʮֵľȡ
㺦ˣתͷע¼֮ϡ
һԵ㿴㿪ʼԷһȻ㿪ʼͣĸ㲼ˡ
ٷ˴һĹǳ˸뱥
㳷꣬ȻְɨøɸɾվʵүʲôԸ𣿡
￴˿ߵɫȻ˵ûʲô¶ˣھȥǰȥʩ
˵֮վȥѾ߼æ
ˣһ·լдǽԺܿǰߵĿ
ڿСһˣæǰǧʩ񣬡ˣүߵʱˡ
֮Щ֣ȻԼʱΪʲôߣ
һǰߴٵĻԼҲ緹ٹ
ЩҲûˣ㼱æͽ˿
һڿмŵæվӭ˳
ϢĻðɣ
ʩŵķǳܵƶһ˯͡
Ļ⣬Ȼ


236 ɮ
ڴ˸ȻѾ裬ֻ֮ʣˡ
˴ʱ˵һζǰȥҼҵĴĳмӽԺʲô¾ԣֻҪĳܹ쵽һѡ
ĳŵ¸һЩһĿĲ
ϻҪװĴһЩģʩˣ˽ħǱ֣ôܹҪأ
ҲֻǿֻЦЦ
ɫͿʼҪ˵ˡ
֪һֱ޵ֻƧôµµ˼ᵽ⸮ﻹЩڿ⸮ڣΪһۣԹУ֪Σ
֮ĬĬһ£⿪⸮Ȼ˵ܹͽõһİһԼͺЩĹûʲôˣӴԺҪ˱Ϣ
һŴˣɽдʵ룬Ȼ⣬ô˵Ҳִģ˼оʹûгΪū͵뷨
ֻԥһ¾˵лʩĺ⣬شˣҵĺѣҲаʵ᲻ǣֻǹʩĺ⡣
ܣҲЩգȴȻǴЦݡ
ȻҲͲΪѵˡ
˵ʱ֡
⣬Ĺܼ̾ʹСˣŴ̽ˡ
վС˵Աߣֽϵĺ첼ƿоһ˸ԭÿжŶʮƽ
ԱߵôĻƽҲǾǰһ
Ȼ˵ִҲ˲ǮƣôӰǰͷһμ
ʲôˣһϺֻ꣬һʲô
ʱĿҲ½һЩ
Ȼ˵²СȻӲ쳾ľɫƽʱԵˣôӰǰ̾¶ࡣ
Щ͸̲ϣ¡
㿴ʮƽ𣬴İӣЩ졣
㻹ֻܱǣǿذͷӻƽƿȻ𹫹˵¾ͶлʩˣԺʩ¾ܷԸ
ĵͷȻһ֣С̾ͽ̷˴ϣ֮͹ܼһ˳ȥ
ȵֻʣ˵ʱֿ˵ҽһ¡
ʩлԡ
һ£˵ǸӦ֪ɡ
һĻһ㶣ô£ǸӦñԼ˽ѽĻﻰҪԼѯ˵°
תһȦȻ˵ЩСۣǶԼȷʵжʱԼ¾Ҫͷ
۾һת˵ҳɽңҶڡ
˵仰Ŀ˼ѾǳˣǸж㲻ҪҴ
Ļ۾һ˿ĺ⣬εĺܺã㲢ûз֡
ûб˼ֻһ£ڿɺã
۾΢΢һЦȻ˵˹Ļ⣬˶ǰ顣
ǾͺãǾͺãһҲܷˣҲȥµĸĸˡ
˵ʱһЩᣬ˿ĻΪöôİء
ıݣҲֻǺƤһϷ
ȹһʵҲ˵ȥĻ⣬Ǳָǡ
Ҳ̾ߵСˣΪ׼Щƽȫڽ֮У͵ǰ
Ҳѣӹ֮˹֣뿪ˡ
վڴſڣЦĿ㲻Ӱ͵ĳȥɭɭĿʧķ򣬺ݺݵĵһۣ»ص
ȵ֣֮̾ʹӴߵ߳ˡ
Уһ龲ϵʿһǸɮģĺС
龲ϵʿ̾͹ʩȻվһԵԸ
Ǹɮȴʮֵؿһۣ˵Աߡ
ⷬɮûпһϻ¶һ˿ĵЦݡ
ʦϢĻðɣ
ǸɮֻЦЦ˵һжãǸСƤʵڲڡ
վһԵ龲ϵʿⷬɮĻоһ˿̣˿мº⣬Ҳֻҧ˭Լ˼ҵķأ
ʦղҲǸı˵˵
ǷɮĻֵؿһۣϾͿڵʩý֪λ첻СƽѾ޳ڵٹһʱ𵤴ɱɳΪɡ
⻰۾Ȳʵ޳ɿɵó
Ƿɮ⻰¶һ˿ЦȻΪ͵ȻǳΪɣʵˣ֮ʼҲɴ̰쳾֮;ֹСɡһ֮ģ֮ٳҲ
Ƿɮ˵۾һ˿ʣȻ˵ɣȻóڵѳɣԻ׽Ǧʶٲаÿʹ֮ʱƾڵҲ޳ɹ
ⷬɮĻ۾ĺ͵һҪ֪ɲԵʱܹ޳ɹΪһҲĸˡ
ǷɮҲ˼ߺһЦȻ˵ǵʿΪˣӦôСʱͱԣÿɽ¾п֮޳ɽ𵤡
֮ź̾˿Ȼ˵Ǵʦʲô취һٳɾͣ
Ƿɮ۾ʹǲԲ
𿴵ı֪ʲôֻ΢΢һЦȻ֣ŰĹܼҾʹ߰˸Сˣ̧˽
վеһԱߣ͵Ĵ򿪡о˵⣬Ҷһԭװһ
ߵһԱߣӣװ飬解ʯ
Ƿɮӣ۾ҪͻˡΪһﶥǵЩû뵽Ȼֱʣֱ͸鱦
ǷɮҲһʱ䣬Ͼʹ鱦лָ־
ղǿǸæʿҲֻǼƽ
һȴԼôĶһܴԼҪǸ첻ɣûкùӳԡ
Ƿɮ֮̾ƽĿʹԼ鱦ƿ


237 ϲ
ʲôˣһϺֻ꣬Ƿɮһֻۣ֪ǿ򶨡
΢Ц߻ԼλȻһԺǱĿķɮ˵ʦ㶫ֻҵһС˼ʦԸһл
Ƿɮ۾Ȼʵʩ֪
ȻеλͲƲմۿžҪˣҪ˵ѽֻеʱ֪еǮƲǷ
ڸ̾һ֮͵۷ž⣬ⷬɮ˵ʦָһ·ֻأܹ˼֡
ǷɮĻֻоһӽŵֱš
Է̫ˣѾΧ
Ҫ֪һҪ벻ֻأɲԵʱֻһ취Ǿı¡
Ȼ˵ڷǱҲЩƾЩҪΪ䰲һ£ǲܵġ
Ҫ£ֱӸԼȰһò£ʡԼ󣬼ʮлΪС
ǰ˿ĴʩԼҲҪ취Ҫ󣬷Ļ⵽ֵĽͷˡ
ˣλӷɿתԼľҳһŽݾλʩҪ
㻹˵ⷬɮȷʵЩ£ȻԺҳһܹȫķ
ž˵֮ҲԶഫǧǰһλ¸ɮƾŷѸٵĵõ硣
Ժ󣬾Ҳûκһܹط
ǿǵжôߴҲѸ׹ħ
ΪطͱеǰֱӶڲؾҲˡ
ɮҲһɨؾУſһط
֮̾;궯֮óʱ䶼ȣҲࡣ
طҲǴǡϲ
֣һλĻϲ
˵Ž̵Ĺҹȡ̳ԣԳħɱ¾ͽĲһλȥ̻
λȡֶζ޷ħԣôأΣ㻯ΪŮ͡ҹȡϵŮůĻҹȡʱһжг̣Ϊŷ̳ڽյ
˵УϲҲλ
ⶼǴ˵ȴûκʵʵļأǻϲɮҲһλ¸ɮһǷŵĽޡ
λɮҲ˲ˣȰλʩ˵ܲɹǾˣԼûʲôϵ
λɮׯ״ӷﵹһϳطʹѸٴﵽ˰ɾ
ⷬ۾ˣæվⷭǰһȻ˵ʦߴͽ̡
Ƿɮ΢΢۾˿Ȼ̾һ˵˷ҽв֮أҪϰҵ¡
ڵѾ۾Ѿʲôûˣǻеġ
ףԼⷬɮ£ҪǴ˳ȥһȻ󲨡
ΪµҪͣԭҪǰķ£ǿɾҪð֮踡
ʱ²Լһţ⼸ڿµĸҲһɢ
뵽֮̾۾һ󺮹⣬֮˵ʦǿѣʦͽ̣ôҲ˵ʲôˡ
˵仰һ˦䣬ȥ
Ǹɮһ龰ҲЩżʶôҲЩ
˵ֻǿһ£ҪٹҼ䣬Ҳʹõ˦
֪һģҪǰˣԼ⸮߲ȥˡ
һ֣ɮӦЩ͵ģΪʲôһ׼ҵ
ΪȻⷬɮгɣǴ󲿷ֶǶԸֵģԸ˵ķûж١
ҾǷۺ˼˵²޷ˣԼش
һҲͿˣڷȱ
Ҫƾִļӳ֣һٸͷ
ķɮҲ˲ٱԹˣæλվץס˵ʩæߣƶɮл˵
һ⻰Ͼˣⷬɮ»ġ
ͣ˽ŲתϵѾˣǴŵ΢Ц
Ƿɮͣ½ŲҲ˲ԭȵˣæ˵ʩҪѧ⻶ϲ𷨣ܰҵ£ǾֻйʩǮƣΪиλܽһƾ˹Ҳѧŵܷ
⻰Ц˳ԭʦˡ
˵֮ⷬɮ
һվ˺ܳʱ龲ϵⷬɮᵽ˻ϲоЩá
Ҫ˵⻶ϲǵŵĲҲûʲô𣬲ͷһЩ
ڼȻĴʩҪƾ˷ѸٳɾͣǲԼǰҲƼŵĲ
龲ϵǰһһףȻ˵ʩȻҪϢ֮αԶϵҲеŵܷ԰ʩ
龲ϵʿĻ۾ҲЦ⣬ⷬɮ龲ϵʿһЩ
龲ϵʿʲôܹԼɾôûбҪðȥɮˡ
Ŷϵҽһܳɾʲô
ʻ龲ϵЩΣʵĻش
ʩµĲʩҪôг֮ʩٲ١
ЩȤˣʵƾ˷ɾ񣬳𣿡
ϵʿεҡҡͷ˵˵֮УƵ۵ƾ˷磬֮󣬾Ҳûƾõɾ͡
ɫͳȻ˵ϵȻ޷ɾͣôʱͲҪ˵¶ˡ
˵ְ֮ת˷ɮһʵʦ⻶ϲ겻𣿡
Ȼǿԣ޵ܹɷ棬Ҳڻ¡
ЦݸӲãվȲ˵Ȼˣô鷳Ϊҽ⻶ϲ
Ƿɮֵĵ˵ͷ֮˵طҹвܳɾͣڽȥʩΪʩ⡣
ãһоʹʦˡ˵仰֮󣬾͸ϽֵµĹܼңⷬɮ뵽ͷϢ
ȵⷬɮȥ֮龲ϵһվ˵ʩɮĻţѾǼ겻У˵ʲô綼ƭʩġ
֮վ龲ϵ
ϵΪǸɵѽǷҲ޳񣬵Ҫ磬ǲǻҵġ
ʩΪʲôǸɮ
˼һ̾һ˵Ҳ£ô⣬⼸Ǹ񳤴ͷ
ʵ˵⻹ûа취ô뷨ܾͻᱻУһӶֳ
㣬չٻеѹеֿ־ͷһð˳


238 ̽
龲ϵʿĻҲЩΡ
Ҫ˵Щ壬˼ٻ󣬵һ֮ܵظĸͻһӿϡ
һ˵һڵһ⣬Ҳ֪һġ
ΪЩ˱ƽͨϰոӿ񳤴棬ֻء
ִŵ龲ϵʿ˵ʲôֻǾԸҲǶԵЩԼĹ
龲ϵʿ˼Ƭ˵Ƿɮ˵ĻϲҲЩšǻϲ˵Ƿ𷨣ʵѾаʱһҪСĽͬʱʲô֮£ĻӦ
ϵʿĽͣЦ˵֪ϵʲôϵذ·ϡҼҵĲʲôòҪЩ캦¶𣿡
龲ϵʿ֮´һ£Ȼÿɷҡҡͷ
˵ĵɣȴ֪һʼУôڸԴĿĿʼȡᡣ
ҲڵźͷǰҪĵԵʣĻһƲסԼ˼룬ͻ׹ħ
龲ϵʿҲûֱӵƣŵȵһٳֹʱҲǰá
˵׼лϲ˵صԼķ֮Ϳʼʰң׼ڶ͸ǡ
ΪпŨṴ֮̃ɫڲϽ뿪µʱͻ鷳
⵹𣬶ΪֻУɲʲô鷳Ļֵöء
ʱܿ͵ˣڶϣϣѾͣҴҵĳ˼ڣֱѰ
ȵ㵽˴ʱ̧ۿȥֻѾڴ֮Уһģ˵ĸˡ
ڿ֮һȻ˵Сϣ꼣ү
ڿ֮лա
üͷ̧ͷ⿴ȥֻ㴩룬Űȴ
˿ǷɮȻϴЦվ˵ʦߵǸʿһ棿
Ƿɮֵĵ˵ͷû˵˼Ҳͬˡ
ⷬɮͬ⣬ſڣ㹰˵ôĪʲô¶𣿡
֪ʣΪѾŰǰˣҪߵġ
㿴ûԼ˼ֻεڿ⹰˵ʩ⼸лĿ¹л飬үˡ
˵ͷȻ˵ȻҪ뿪ҲͲˣϣһ·ƽ
˵仰ֶ֮˵Ҹһλˣ°Ѱѹأ
˵ʱҲųϣ񣬿϶ǷɮƴӣʵǶģ汾µĸѰѹء
㿴˶ԷҲֻǴӦϾԼ˶ԷǮҪСҲԷɺãǾûˡ
ãŷд¸ɮϧһֱԵսʩӣҾͽȥݼݼ
˷ǳˣȻ˸ƣ뵽С
ʱеǸɮûվӭӣȻȵĿ
Ѿ˾ռˣԲûκεĲǷɮԱߣȻ˵λĴʦ༪λԺҪ׶
㿴ǰĺҲЩˣо㿴ҲֻǸո޳һЩУԼǰȻСֱ
㻹ǿʱˣȴǳÿֻǷܵĹһֱվһԣԲ˵
ҲĲˣֻεЦˣЦǰ˶дµģһӣô죿
ǷɮֻǷܵĸԼҲǲ죬Ҫ֪ʱҲλȨأҪƾԼͣ𷨴ԭҲǧɽˮ
ⷬɮ͵۾ֻĿзų⣬źһֱš
ͻĹûзû뵽ɮأȻڴ֮ͥ¶Լǰ֡
Ѿ޳˽𵤣徭𵤲ͣѾǷǳˣֻǽżһأһˣ˳һɵľ룬һεĹ
֮̾ͷֻһ̧͵ؽķ־ۼͬʱĬ񣬵ػ׽飬ؾ
μ̵֮ǰһֻһ绡ʹӿֱߵķɮ
Ƿɮ׷ѾѾãڼԷҲҳɣֻһӣֳһķ
ǹŹâһ׹⽫Ƿɮȫס
ʱѾϺǰ׹ײһ
ֻáһ㱻ûǰ׹Ҳ˼£άֲסʧˡ
ǷɮҲһ󶴣ʮֵĻֻһֱץ˿Ǻˡ
ʱϽǰһվǷɮ֮˵λǸʲôԺһˣҪ׶αִ
Ƿɮ࿴˿ƣվԡ
֣¶΢Ц֮˵λʦǵõĸˣһɷ棬αִ
˵ָ˵λĸɮ༪ԭʩ𷨡
˶ԷĽܣϸһɮһ£Ȼ͵ķıһֵֻĹȦ
ǰ㲻˽ŵĵҲϣѾ˹ķڷѾǷǳ˽ˡ
ڼĹȦϾףǺжƹùµķ֡
ɮ޲׹ȵ֮ʱܵظһٲ
⻹칬Ѿ棬ҪͥȻڣƾⷬɮĹ£һᱻ̵ľӴ˳徻
۲ǷɮʱǷɮҲķۣ´㡣
ֻôһⷬɮһΪϣûпʲô嶥ֻǿһŵĹԾۼκε̽⣬һֹ̾ͻΪС
ǰѾ˼£ϵȫûֻεĹܹ̽һ
ɮɲٵˣΪĵԭʮҲֻϹһЩÿһ˶ǵ̾ص
ҪԼںһҪǰʿԼİϷԼļ޽ļƻ군ˡ
ɮæվһȻ˵ղŶеԭ£ƶɮˡ


239 뿪
㱾жŷɮǳĲ⣬ҲҪһЩѿǿⷬɮȻԼ񣬶ҿ˲ǣ㱾ˣûа취ٿڳԡ
ֻҲֻ񣬡ղƶҲЩӦʦҪֲźá
Ա߼˰ѻ˵ˣǹЦ֮ץԼԱߣȻ˵»и֮룬ζҪӦ
ʩлԣֻҪܰ쵽һΪʩǡ
һȻ͵˷ɮһۣҪ뿪ˣҲ˲ʲôˡ
༪ʦһ׻ϲ׷ҿǳ£֪ɷ˵ⷨŵͷ
һŹ۾Щް̧ͷ˷ܵӣ֪ԼҪȰĻ޷Ȱλү»
ҲԼûʲôϵʱҲԼûϵ
Ц˵ҵ˵̵ܽĲ֮أû뵽༪ʦȻ֪
Ĺ༪㲢ûвԼҲǷȻ˫ֺʮ˵⻶ϲĲţֻʱҪ̫࣬ҵƽСɮУҲֻʩһܣܹ˼ɡ
˶ԷĻֻЦЦڴ²ÿɷ
˫ĶԴҲˣ㲢ûзԼеͷô˿⻶ϲӦǸ˵ķš
뵽֮ĻţȻתͷͺⷬɮʼҵеİ취
Ȼǲ˵ܷǸϽվ˵ʩ͹༪ʦ۷𷨣ҾͲˣ¾ȸǻعˡ
ĻתͷЦЦ˹֣¾ףһ·˳磬ﻹ£Ͳ͵ˡ
˵֣֮߼ܼ̾ͽš
үʲôԸ
ҵĹܼһ𣿡
үĻС㸮ϵܼȻڵţҪ͵һȥ
ȻͰһǸµһͻȥ
ǣүˡ
˵¾Ͳ͵ˡ
㿴ԷͿͣҲͲˣֻǴһףǹܼҳȥˡ
ȵŹܼ᷿ųʱͻȻ
ҲЩ֣ԼҪˣ˭Լ
Ȼվ򿪷ţһԭվŵĲˣ龲ϵʿ
λϵ֮ǴһףȻ˵Ҫȥˣ
Ҳ׻񣬡ƶڹлЩ飬Ͳˣͻȥˡ
龲ϵʿ˵ͷȻ¿˿û˵ǼǸɮˡ
ͷ˵ղڴмλʦ
龲ϵʿĬ˰ΣȻ˵ûоɮʲôֵĵط
ǺǣʲôֵģǺһһЩǮơ֮á
Բˣҿɮûʲô飬ǲҪĵĺá
оһЦ龲ϵʿԼɵˡ
ĸϣҪ˵صĿҲֻˣһԼһ龲ϵʿоķɮ
Լ²飬ϾҪȥˣôʣµľֻ龲ϵʿͷɮˡӦľͲζ
龲ϵʿﻰⷬɮɹͬĵˣҲаĵλ½
ϵֻһɽҰ򣬿ûĴ£ϾҪȥˣԺ黹ҪŵԼ
˵ʱÿ˼ҵܼҴҵ߹Ͻ龲ϵʿӭܼҾȥˡ
龲ϵʿҴҵ뿪ﻹǰʿǲ鷳Ҳֻܺ޺޵Ķһ½ţȻ˿ε뿪ˡ
һʱ֮ڿ⸮ĳһ
̽ͷĿ⸮ǽ˿һطʵ̫ˣǸʵ֮ǿѾǸ̵ķĸˡ
ҪԼй̨Ѿ
оգշΪľһıͷΡ
뵽ʱ㲻ֵǷͷΡ
ⶫԺԼֶһɱȻȲԼĿ
ʹõķΧȴȿ࣬񿽹ȻǷֻá
㻹ʲô¶𣿡
˼ǧʱڽ⴫ܼҵ
ܼһ⸮Ҳˣ뿪ʱҲǶʹ͡
ҡҡͷȻ½˵ûʲô¶ˣ߰ɡ
ˣҪˡ
ܼ˵֮̾кԼԵĳʽϽϳ
ųʽһߺȣſ㣬С˳Źٵضȥ
㾭һİ棬»ص˿ɽ͡
㲢ûȥͶѾϣܼ½˵ĸۡ
Ų֪ȥȥˣڲڸС
ܼҼæȥլ˵ķ档
˵ˣæڿ֮нӼ
ҲǼλ˼棬λ˵ʵԼƣӡ㲻һ˫񣬷ֱ
ȵ֮Ѿ裬һԵܼҡ
һȥǣҵֳʲô𣿡
̧ܼ֮ͷ˿㣬ֵͷȥ
˼ǳˣΪڣЩö˵
ȴЦЦ˵֮ͨã㲻ˣл˵ɡ
ܼ⻰ε˵үԸˣү£˾ܷģͳȥţү
֮ε̾һ˵СԩңúõĹٶǸЩаǼֲȱǮʲô鷳
Ա˵ĻЩΣ˺ܿͰѻת
һȥǣѾ֪ˣҵֶӱһС
㲢ûлػֻǫĵ˵ͷ
ЦЦȻ˰ܼȥ
֮վŲԣȻɴ۾ʵһǷǱˣǲ㣿
һ⻰оһ飬ѵλѾ˵Լ͵Ǳ񷨡
ƾŷųɾ˹ڿ˵ĵơ
ȻЩңȴʮֵƽ̧ͷЦ˵˵ʲôƶһѭ浸أ˽Խ˵Է


240 
Ļ֪ɷЦЦȻ˵ͨеĸˣūҲǲǵǱ飬ֻһҪҪӦ
һԼⱾ񷨣нĳɾͣҲǷ˶ԷԷҪ󲻹֣ӦҲûʲô
дģȻƶ֪˵ʲôֻҪǷ˿ڣƶһΪ
λĿɫЩްȻǿһЩЦ˵ʵҼү鷿еһ޵ؼ˵ˣⱾǽɾo
˵ʱ̧ͷ˿㣬Ͽʲôߡ
ڵ۾ɫȴʮֵƽǶ˵Ǳʮֵĺ棬ȫ˽ӡ
˼ȻûпʲôֻǼ˵ȻүⱾҹĦǱϾûг¼ʱ䳤һЩ©ţȵǹؼʱ֣ԱǷ޶ܹƽ
֮һЦҵʲô£ԭǴ¡
˵֮վڷض˼ȦȻ˵Ҹղ˷˵Ļ֪ⱾͬСɣ˳ɾ񡣡
Ƿ֮ĵ˵ͷ
Ҫ֪˳УȵҪɾ͵ʱһ½裬µʱһСľͻɢ
ĻѾŵɫѩףǰ˵񷨣Ϊʮּ򵥣û뵽оȻա
Ҳ˶ԷɫԣЦŰοҲعڽţʱֻҪƶʩСȻ
֮ǿһ¶ЦݣȻЩƮĻˡ
ȻˣôͰˡ
ⶼƶӦġ
ڵĳŵֺһЩҳ£˲Ϳˡ
ǳܼҡ
ܼڵ˵Ҫȥˣ
Ѿ£±سˡ
ܼ㣬Ϳʼ
һһķܼңʱƣЩᷳˡ
ܼʲô¾˵ֻҪܰ쵽һҲ˶ԷţʲôҪ˵ֱӾͿˣʡöԷӡ
ܼҲ˼Цһ£Ȼ˵ⲻ֪ͨӵһ䣬ƽ
⻰оһƣܼҺúõҪʲô䣿
ƶȴûԳҵʲô£ԭǴˡ
˵֮󣬾ʹӻȡһʦɷݵܼҵǰ
ŷǿֻҪǽſϣκεħֶý
ܼ֮󣬼æ˫ֽӹʦɷȻСĵطԼĻС
֮ʩһȻ˵лˡ
֮仹õ˵Щ
ܼ֮ұЦЦȻһбڲС
ܼ԰ͳҴԺֱ㲻ӰŻȥ档
ܼҽլѾ˵һȻѾ߽ȥͨһ߾ʹϢܼҽȥػ
ܼҽ˷ֻ˶м䣬Ա߻վ֡
ܼһ־ϳˣ˵ĸһ֣һڹܼ֡
һֱ˵ĸʲôҲǡ
ȵܼһ񣬹վԱ֮ſʵֳǱ߾ʲô˼
ܼ֮󣬼æصүʮֵŭүԹ˺óʱ䡣
֮ü̾һ˵ֳô˵ˣ
ү˼ͨ͢Ҳôһˣ´ΣҲΪ
֮ɫûΪӦæˡ
Ϊ仰Ѿ˼ӽԺҵԴһбˡ
Ҫ֪֮⼸ʮܹɻڴȫǿŸǵңҷ˶ҵ֧Ԯô˵һشʧ
ϣһүܹƽ°ɣҪ˵һػĻֳ²ֵġ
˵ʱЩȻʱΪ˱˵Ķ飬ֳܲˣԼ޵ңǵȵԼһΣѵʱ򣬶ԷȴʮֵĮ
ԼֳУԼøͲʲô£ֻһʱĻ
뵽ɫʮȻӻܼȥűпʼᡣ
վһԵּɫȻæȥȰСҲģСϵүԺ飬ҪͷϣʱҪСѵүǷСĶ飿
վһߵ֮ȴҡҡͷ˵үƴһҪΪ·ͻȻûиүʱ׼
֮үһȡѵڸһЩʿԺٳһЩ£Ҳòˡ
֮󣬾˵ʮеԺҪ˲ˡ
ʱҧҧ͵վһӣԼΨһĵľٵĶˡ
ʱʲô£ҪԼƺĻôʱҲֻƸˡ
뵽Ͼͷһơ
˵ﷳգ˵뿪լӵ㣬Ĳܿ⡣
˵ط֮㿴һαС
㿴龰оһߵʱɲӣǸʱληʦѾû˱Ļ֧ţԼǰһ
龰ӣѵληʦʲǫ̂
ҪĻôѾɾΣˡ
뵽ҲЩżæǰϾͱһȺķԸΧм䡣
ǻˡ
һλߣǿɽסһʱ䡣
мҪȥѾǱһȺΧţҲֻܹܹһ߷ЩˣһſŲ
ոյſڣûеȽأ߾ͳһӰӣž˵ϡ
ӴӰһԭˣǶѾ
ǶѾ֮ð⣬ץĸ첲Ͳˡ
ǵӣǵж¶ȻɫЩ˻࿴˿Ȼͺǰõһʼˡ
ҲЩʲôҲýͣϾԽԽңֻεЩ뿪
ȵǶ֮ŴŶѾ
ڣѾŷſĸ첲Ȼͨվﲻ
㱾ѵѾ䣬˭֪ŮбñȥڵĶѾҲûа취ˣֻ̾һֱĴȥˡ


241 ռȵ
ãͿǸηʦεվ
ֻ˵ͷһ㹩ǰ
ĶֻʶΪΪ֪вû
ģ́ͷһϱߵϾ;һ
ԭǰûκε⣬ȴһ⡣
ɲҪ֪һûҪҪǧ꣬ͽͣ㳯ܹγʶɾһ顣
Ҳʮʱ䣬𲢲ʢҲ֮һЩ
ô̵ʱ䣬ӵʶɾ顣
ڶ̶̵ʱ䣬תǧת
Ȼɻ󣬵ǱȴûκεȻƽһ֮󹧹һ
ȵһϵг֮վһԵηʦ˵ͷԼķȥˡ
ȻСβ͡Ѿ
˷䣬֮ϥһԵĶѾʵҲڵЩ죬ʲôֵ𣿡
Ѿ̧֮ͷһ룬Ȼ˵ʦʣһûע⵽ʱǸСӤˣҸĴǣȻʼԷǰ㳯
ʲôʱ飿
ǰ졣
֮Ĭ
ǱħаռݣӦþͳ鵮ˡ
ͥҪΪһ񣬿³Ȼγɣֻеĸ÷گ⡣
ԼҪһλˣаħǱ˲ġ
һ鶼ǴĻ룬Ϊ⿿ɽͶҲĵ̣һԷκεкռ̵ܹġ
վһԵĶѾҲеĲ죬̾Ͱѱ޾˼˵ѹС
ϣԹľͻطϢˣѾͷʦҲ֪ЩѰǶĽ˷䣬ؽŲٳ
ȵ˰ҹʱ֣ڶѹбһľ⡣
ֻӴһ·Ȼڴߵİһ̣һͰѼϡ
ƿ˷ţվԺп˿Ա߶Ѿķ䣬Ȼдʣһһƣ˶Ѿסķ䡣
еĶѾʵû˯ţſڴϣ͵ء
ͿԼķһָһƵŶѾ͸оƤֱܣı۾ҲŻ˯ȥ
編ƣηʦķҲôһס
֮תá
ڵ֮УֻȼߣҵյĻ谵
谵֮УүԵøֲ
Ҳû˰ĹվүĶ棬ۣүȥ
ֻүʮֵŨӣҲɲǸոճɾ飬ƶo
ȻŨ㻹п˲ͷĵطԭɫ֮УһѪ
ɲӵеģӦoܵѪӵѪɷ֮
ʱѾˣеӦòͳеġ
ΪܹĸˣһͨôῴѪɱ֮Դ
ȻλΪûʲô˼ˣֻȵë񣬾ռҵʶĸϽȥĻ֪ү
мүȻЦеĿûκε
ЩˣǿԼѽȻǾûбҪˡ
ʦɱ񷽡ϺŮ㲻顣ɽʯѣӡ¡ͷǣףǰл񣬺Խ¡ʦɱܺǿɱնҹ⡣񲻷ιҵ
Ĺʼ£Ȼͣɢܿүϡ
ʱϾȻһ⣬ǻһֵܲͣɢĹ
±߿ϾˣռĶЩ£ȻֵܹԼɱ䡣
ȻҲͲˣֻһ񣬵ػ׽飬ؾ
֮ĵ֮Уǽ𵤿ʼתһɷѸٵľ;ۼֱ㿪ʼ
ۿ׾ҪɣʱһֱԲʱͻȻ˵
λ֣²аħڴ˴зگΪƾ
⻰иӵķŭǰΪֻɽҰǿռû뵽Ȼеҵĸڱ֡
˵ⱳĵҸҲ̫ˡ
Ȼŭȴûзֻǵ۾˵зگҿ
ϱߵĻ̥һָԼԴһ㡣
Ǹϱʢ֮оԳһگ
گ뿪壬̾ڰ֮Գ˽ɫ֡
⣬ӦԪΪɽ񡣡
̶̵һ仰ûʲôϡ棬گ±ߣȴһǩѹ
ǩֺ˸ӦǷųһĲƣͣŸͶԸ
һЦҲ֪㵽گ⿿ɽҵĵ̶ûоҵͬڴ飬ûôװɡ
ĻĬ˰Σ˵м꣬ûеóת񣬵Ȼ޷ɾͣҵһλɳָ㣬˴ϣܹԸӶ֮䡣
˵ʱϽֿʼӣǽԽ˵ԱߣγһɫӰ
ɫӰؾһȻ˵вףһ棬ˡ
ڶԷĿΪ·ܹѪ˭֪ǲԩҶͷɵԼԵġ
˵ˣΪԼ׼ģҲǷ˶ԷôܹΪҰһ仰ͷĿȨ
Ǻǣ㲻ҶԣʶĸϽȥҲ겻𣬷Ļƶ֪֪ҵ
ǸβӲҲЩˣ˵ֻǿЩУǣֻƽڴΪ㾹ȻССҪ󶼲ܴӦ˾Ҫһ
뵽ʱҲٶԣֻǻӣһϡ
ǽһɫϣȫĻס
վԱ߿˿ҲֹΪҲãһ֣Ǹ鷳ˡ


242 
ס֮͵ľײȥ
ԭλõı¾Ǹʱ˾ͻᱻȫơ
Ȼ񣬵ԭȵսҲûиı䡣
ĲԶͻȻѣ㻹ûü
ֻһ⣬ײϣǽ긽ϡ
ֻڵһİĹââһ̾Ͱײȥ˼Զ
ǷӦ˹ֻ͵ĽżأʹܵԺӵУȻϵ˸
ֻ̧ƣĽͰȥ
㶯̾ǵһ⣬⣬գۼʹ֮ϡ
Ҫ֪µľ׻һ״ϣ̾ⶼʼ
ôҲ˼꣬ϻЩģһͱ
ʱڶѾ򵽡
׻˿ռ䣬ܿǰȴЩԾ
ԭȻ壬ȴ˻Ӱһûκε˺
龰оˣԷȻǰԼ壬˿ռļз֮С
ɲһʿܹӵеģoе
ǰһ֮нԼľ㻹Ƿǳġ
ΪķǹӵŴԽγȺͿռʱ
ֻĴͨǰֻС׼ס
Ǽͨԭһġ
ҲoıϣֻҪǶ֮Уﵽһľ磬ߵвûκõġ
ְ취ƽֻ֮ŶֲվڵϣȻֽӽض̤ơУת콫رؽ±½ձսˮˮ𽫣ƽƽѪѪƽƽɷУɷýǰ
֮գһӣȻУͳ˹ȥ
һӶ첲֮̾һ⣬ܿͱһɷɵĽޣգۼͳ鵽ϡ
ΪԼյļз֮оͿһʧˣ޹̳
ҲάֲסԼķŽ˸һڳǰ
ȻղʧֱһޣıԴûܵκε˺ֻϽٴһӾʹܵߡ
㻹վڵһΪһԼüƣҪʿһʱڳַ˱仯
ԭʱѾһɲǷı
ſȻз֮ΪҲ˶Ը֮ϡ
㷨ԽΪǿЩССѾûʲôвˣ˺ܳʱ㶼ûжˡ
һȴӻȡΪ㿴Ȼ޳ϾǵȻû޳ɴȻҵĿĵ֡
Ӷſþͺײһ
֮䲢ûзʲôҫ۵ײֻŴ壬ƾͺ˿һʼʱ֮С
һǳԾСû뵽ʿȻıǿЩ
ȻʧֱۣȴţֻĬһ̾˰ա
˰֮Уתղűɢֿ֣ʼ۳
վڵ£ڰеֻһЦžͻӶֵĿ
ǿĻӶڰ֮Уһɹɹ£Щ˳ſӶķ򣬿ʼͣӡ
Ҳڱ˵УЩûʲô˵ģУǹ֮ȴһе
һ¿˲ãҪ֪ҪǱϣԼ²ҲЩˡӲӣ͵ٴϴȥĶĲ
һУû÷ʼٴλһθһ
е񣬿ɲܾô㲻ͣĹʱرʧԼҪԷС
ˣ͵ſڣʹӿһź޵ı顣
ⱦһ뿪壬̾ͷųһɹȵĹâһδĲһȵĹâҲʼ˱Ե
վ±Щš
Ҫ֪Ȼ񣬵Ȼδѣ֮ôܹȵĴ
ڣҲɲ˼ȥˣΪǿűѾһ׹
㲻ҵ͵Ա߾һ¿
ȻĶÿȴǳʵãǷźı壬Ա߻˹ȥĵϡ
ⱦһӴأǵϵ̾ͱյͨ죬Ѿҽ
ղŶһ㣬ɫǳѿҪǱⱦϣԼ̾ͻữ˻ҽ
ǰеһûе֣̾Ϳͬʱָڵϵı顣
Ǳǵʲô̾һηųɵ˰֮С
ΪǱһ￪ʼƴʱ򣬳ϵ鷢ˡ
ֻǱȻųâڰͣ£Ǹдʣͣķų⣬Ǳ°ȴûһη
һﻹףȻܹǿָʹű飬ǱϾˣķⱦӦЩͻڵؼʱ̣ѾЩ޷ˡ
ǺǣȻǾͱˡ
뵽ڻУִӻһľ⡣
֮ûмʹÿΪ˿Ȼʩչǳе˾ٴҲûʲôá
ľȻ翽ܹ׵ٶױȣӦǶ㲻ġ
㽫ľ߸ߵľٹͷпʼԡ
巽ʹ顣Ƽ̳ԾΪǲȥа뷡
ȫĽ𵤣һɹɷҪǮһȫӿľϡ
ɷľһӴٽԣ̾ľγһĲⲨǹͨ޿ռ䡣
̾۳ĵ⣬ЩǾһ׼Ŀܡ
ǰеɫ䣬ţӡ


243 ͵Ϯ
±۷ۿܵĵԽԽʢϾҪﵽ¡
ѾǷǳˣΪһԼǱȻʤ
͵̧֣Լֶ׼ǰе
ۿһ׾Ҫǰеһ׶༪١
ǾҪĹͷͻȻоԼ粻ơ
ԼеľеǸˣȻоϮѾˡ
ֻԵһԼķе˱Ҫһ
׼ⶼͽ͵ģֻ顱һ͸оԼı󱻴󴸴һ¡
㲼ڱķδȻûκηá
ڵֻоһʹһѪ̲ס˳
ܴػҲоҲվסſڵء
ǰеӵ㣬ͻȻıڵأǸϲֱ޷ˡ
ΪԼһؾҪɥû뵽һؾȻ·ת
ſڵϵֻԵһԺϾѹ֪ҪԼôһȥҪɥڵˡ
ҧ⣬Լǿ״̬
Ȼˣһ̫ܵأѾЩˡ
ΣͷֻҧҧӰ쵽˻С
ԭ㻳лһµõıͷΡ
õʱ䲢ûɣʹ²ܹȫ
ǵΣͷҲ˲ЩˣܹͲˡ
㲢ûô̾ʹͷΣװأ޷ӣǿ̧ͷۿ
ֻʱԺǽϣվһɷǵϵ
һǴɫĹâΧϵͣת
ҧʵλƶԩ޳Ҫ¹ȥ
ǵʿ㣬΢΢һЦȻ˵Сò£ǰһʱǸĵʿ𣿡
һ⻰һ£˵ǸĵʿһޱȣӦŴɡ
ԼǸʿõһ˿УûʲôãһֱԼзš
û뵽ⶼҪǵ飬ֱѵǰʿҪǸ˱
ԼʮָɾǸʿѾνô֪Լ֣
ǽϵİ׺ϵҲɻȻԼĺӣ΢΢Ц˵ͽȻѾɽţ黹һ귢ʲôҶۻ𡣡
һôˣԼСĵû뵽羹Ȼķ
վǽϵİ׺ӵʿѾˣǾ˵ȻѾ֪ˣôƶҪˡ
˵仰֮ǰ׺ϵ͵΢յ۾ֻзų⣬֮Ժյͨ
Է֪ԼֵסҲҵֱӾʹӻȡǷͷΣ򵱿һס
ͷ뿪Уɵ֮Уһ˸ڳǰʱѾһֻˡ
˷һ͵ȥĽⱻһգ̾˿С
ǽϵϵ֣Ҳǳһû뵽һСʿȻķ
ϵȻԾǲûк£ֻĬǸǴ͵ؾϷȥֱǰеĻˡ
ǻҲʾԦŻͺǴײһ
ײһ̾ͷһҵĽײ֮ϵǴ͵ر˻ȥ
ûҲϻղźǴײҲûкܡ
龰ҲΡΡվ⣬Կã뷡
һ꣬žͽԼıľ׵˿С
ľһ뿪ƣ̾û֮ܵС
ƶ̾ڰγ׵ɵĹ
һָЩ׵򣬺ҵĿһ𣬾վǽϵϵʿȥ
ǽϵϵʿϵһУֻ΢΢һЦдʣ͵ſһɰ
ɰһ뿪ϵĿУ̾ӣžͺǷһ
һصײʮֵƽǰɫһֻǽİ
һҲʧȥ˶ֻǿϵʿǱ߷УֻǷ˼׵ľ룬ͺľɢ˿С
龰ʮֵľΪľԴӵУħĵ˾ֵܹ׷Ҳƴȫʿ赭дľԼ׷
֪ԼͶԷ̫Զȥ
㵽ǿתͷѾķп˿̾˿СѾͷܱܲסͿԷǲеʿˡ
뵽Ҳ˱ģӻֱȡֽӣһס
ǽе˼£ǰʱѾһĸС̧ŵĽӡ
ڽԱߵǸŮǰһ˽ǿѹԼƣ˽С
˽ӣҲƲסԼϵʹһѪһ˳
Ѿǳأ־ҲЩˣҧ־һĽӣǽӺָʾһ㣬̾ڿնȻѸݵĽԶȥ
ʱǽͷϵǸʿԶȥûż׷ϣһתͷˣһֱվһ͵սǸ
оĿϣֳ̾ϵʿǰĵ˵ˣּˡ
ϵʿ۾˿Ȼ˵ңȴңΪİȫ
⻰һᣬϵʿϿǵòȻʵأʲôΪԼİȫԼǰվ̽Ǹʿʵ
ȻףҲ˵æЦ˵µĵ˭֪ؾǴȱĳչЩ
ǵʿ⻰ĵ˵ͷתŶ˵Ҹگֻڴ˴ΪҪסһҪ츣һɺΪĻҶ֣ԸԹ𡣡
֮һȻ󹧾˵˷ּСӽԺһְ츣һƬס
仰Ҿͷˣɵúãһʱ䣬ʦ·ּһү¡
⻰Ǿϲǳû뵽ԼгΪһ졣
Ͻ˫ϥڵأͣʿߵס
ϣ£ҿɽڴ˷ģһְܣһգΥģزݡ
Ǹϵʿ˶ԷȻģɼҪӸİգһ


244 þ
ؾϵʿ֮ΪҲԭġ
ΪķگµģΪԹʱҲҪеһ
Ȼͥ棬ûֵҹѲ飬ȻУΪԹӵԼϣʱҲŹԼ
ǸǰϵʿɫŻˣСվϵʿԡ
ˣղǸʿЩֶΣŹ𣿡
Ǹؾϵ⻰΢΢һЦȻ̽Եʵָ֮Σ
һ£Ȼð׹⡣
ˣеնݲ紵Ǹʿз˵һʦţʦ֪£Ҳĺ󻼡
ؾʿ仰ĬĬĵ˵ͷȻ˵˵Ĳ²ܾ˽ᣬһҪͽܱѩޡ
˵仰֮תͷֶԸûʲô£ȥɡ
˼æٴȻһ⣬õϡ
ؾϵʿ֮Ȼתȥķ΢΢¶Цݡ
ϵʿξͻһ⣬ֱȥķ׷ȥ
˵ڽзһξ֮󣬾ɳ˻ԡ
ֽ֮Ȼ֮ǰƴǰɳۡ
ǹû೤ʱ䣬ֽһ⣬ǽգۼ˽Աߣֳ֮ΣǸؾϵʿ
ؾϵʿ׷֮΢΢һЦӻȥǴ͵ľֽȥ
ֽȻû֣ıܻڵģֻֽϷֳ̾һɡǡ
ɡȻۣû㷨֣ȷʵЩˣǴһң̾ͻ̣ʧ˿С
Ǵɡ֮ûֻͣá¡һǽϡ
ؾϵʿУԼǴǶƵķ˵һӣһɽҲܱ
ȴǴȻ˽ӵϣֻҵĽӻζȴûаô
ϵʿ龰оһû뵽СȻı
ϵʿûоʹ˰֣ٴλӶǴֽȥ
տʼµʱֽӻֵܹʱƣֽѾЩֵסˣƮۿžҪɢһ
ʱɽһɽ֮Уһ˼â
ǻһ۾ȻŤת˲ӣԶ
һϺ񲻶Ծֳŭ֮ɫ
̧֣Զ¡
Ķڰ֮£ֹЮ⣬ܿľʧⷽռ䡣
˵ؾʿȻӶǴҪֽӵķȻնݳ
ǸֽѾǲƲˣۿž޷ֵԷĹ
Σʱ̣֮оֳ⡣
⣬һֽϣѾƲֽӣǳʮȫһ̾;ղűǴҵòĽ壬һ˲侹Ȼָԭ״ǷĽ⣬ӻ˵С
һ⻯һֱؾϵʿȥ
ؾϵʿȫָǴû뵽Ա߻ʩչԸԼ˵ȵֽϮʱѾˡ
ֱӾʹ͸ظ
ϵʿֻǷһҽУͺһһɢˡ
ڽѾɢȻ֮ٴۣγϵʿģ
ϵʿ֮ɫѩףͬʱʼĴѾ¶˺Ȼɫ
ղǵֻһ¾ʹɢԼ޳ֵҪԼеʦµĻܹղԼѾȪˡ
ǼʹһԼϣҲԼʮС
Լһ˲ľ磬ѾԪֱۣ±ɢ
ʣµĵ⣬лһȦֱӴǴϡ
Ǵôһ̾˼ʮֱ꣬Ӿķ
ؾϵʿ֪и˻ǰʿԼٶ֣Ļ»벻
ϵҧҧŰһȻ͵Ļɽ⣬ʧⷽء
Զǧ֮ɽ֮еӦⷽһУޱĿ˿Զķһ
ڰ뿪ķ̾ͻһɫֻһգ۵Ĺ
һ̾ײȥ
ɫû֮С
⵹ǹĽɫѾٵССľ
ֻһ˲䣬ССľͱɫ˵ͬ̾o˷ŵľ
еǸȻǴסˣΪˣټ⾻Ѿʼų⣬ֻ˾֮⡣
ǾҪԶݵʱǾַ֮ųһ⣬һӾͽ顣
Զǧ֮ĹԴ˺ָƣ֮»һ
˵ˣԵ㣬ֽ֮ƮƮֽ˲֪Ƕʧȥ˳
һڳֽӣ̾ͻһһֽһӾƮĻС
ʱѾûκε֪ʲôҰ޹Ҳûзˣ»ǵĿ֮ʳ
ⷽغ㣬Ҳþ
㵹صһʱ֮Զһ֮ž߰ƥű߼۶
Ϊ׵һֵԱ⣬ԶԶľͿ·ߵһˡ
ҲԱģ龰סƥ˷Ըȥ·ߵǸǷ񻹻ţŵĻʹ־һ
ԵһͣȴЩԸ˵ү¶ȥˣѵǻܶܵù֮Ǿ͵ûǸϽׯȥĺá
˵˵еǾһʤ߼ҳŷмȵĵ
Ǹ˼ԼԱѶǲٶ˵ʲôæˣԣ
Ǽԣһֻǰһʿǰ϶մѪ
ԿⲻʲôõĲǱ˴ˡ
ˣĶԶǸԱ⺰үʿţǱ˴ˡ
ԶŵԱ仰æԱߣ˵ˣԶ鿴¡
²鿴ƣֻڱش˵ĵûʲô
ԱϽķԸļˡ
Ͻˣ׼һܣʿׯȥ
ĽҰеܣһͱȽо飬ָżڸɽ֮пСȻһЩǿһ򵥵ĵܡ
Աżˣ̧㣬صʮɽׯ֮С
Ȼصׯ֮ԱҲûеֵ̾µȥС
ׯӺʮֵĸԣԱҲһˣֵ¾ȻĴûһĹ򣬱һģĴͷ
мƣָ֮վԱ⹪˵үصģʿȻܵػ廹ǿ׳ûΣգҿһҩϢͻѡ
ǸԱ˵ûʲô£ŷģøϿ쿪ӣֵµȥҩ
Ը֮Լ˼䣬뿪ķ䡣


245 
ӻ֮۾Զһӣ;ôһɾʹӿ˳
ɾʹ̾㱾ЩԺǣʼѹ
ѹ㣬۾ԼĿռ䡣
ֻԼһʮƽ׵С߷֮У֮ⷿʮֵļªûʲôҾ߰衣
һϣϸźıӣͷһոպȹҩ롣
㿴ڻǰȫһ֪ԼǱ˾ˡ
֤ʵڻ㰲ȫ֮̾Ͱ뵽ʶ֮УȻʼеĹ
ΪķȻӦոһϢԺ֮С
ˣ֪ԼԵʱ䵽׷ʲô
ǸʿûĴҲҪնݳţǹķѾ˸Ӧʩչ˷ϵʿˣűһ
㳤һз˺⣬ţնҪ֮һҪöԷɶøӦ
ոնеĹ̾˸Ӧ
ɾģҲΨһ
һŭ̾˸Ӧ
ǱѾƶõĹȥδļƻѾʼת䣬һ֮ʼٵؾϵʿϡ
ؾϵʿȻǸоת䣬ʦһɵȴ˸Ӧ
λűʦУͻȻ֮䣬͸оɵ˿ʼٵʧ
ֻ˵ʧҲûзϣΪ˵ڲͣת䣬һʱʧҲʲô¡
һز˿ʼʧһɽȻʼۡ
λЩ֣Ҫ֪֮ЩŴɾģΪɵһܵմȾɾǲţҲ⵽ĥѡ
ϥʯ˺óʱ䣬̾һţȻްպãްպ죬һѾǧˣû뵽ⲻҪ֮֡
ĴվϵĳȻŸ߳ʦ֮󼸸ɽеĴ֮ϡ
شĵӼˣһ
ӵȣˡ
ֻǵ˵ͷȻͷԸ쾯ӣ̻ɽвɡ
ŷԸ仰֮󣬱ɫ߽ڵ
µļŵķԸʮֵĲ졣
Ϊǧ˿ɽɵʱξ֮֮⾯ӾҲû
Ȼв죬ŵķԸȴҳɣ⼸̳˴ֱڴԱߵ¥ȥ
һ¥֮ҵıӣͿʼ졣
һƿʼɽϵֿʼɽӣûһĹȻӳ˽ľ롣
֮֮ڱһ˸ÿһâ֮жЮһλˡ
ЩһҲ¶мԦŽ⿪ʼɽл㼯
ؿɽ͵Ǹؾϵʿʱо
ϵʿղѾһ飬ΪղѾ㱦࣬һ˼ҳһҲɽһˡ
˸׳죬ֻҵʦɷõıһҲûС
֮£ϵʿҲֻʱס£Źһ죬ʿٻԼҲá
ڣǸСףϵʿͲϣֻǴӻȡһƿҡֻ˯档
ֻֻӾ˻˯ѡ
˵˲ʳǷûϵʿ͹ܲˡ
ϾûǣˣѾĴȱˣܵôࡣ
һؾϵʿոմӶͻȻ֮Զһ򻮹
Ļؾϵʿʶ֮Уһ֧ӿʼͣ졣
ϵʿһ̾һ顣
ʮ£ɲԵģټеӻɽ
صľ֮һˣѵзʲô飿
һ뵽ϵʿҲסˣ̾վ˵ۣ߳Ժӣ˵ҪɽȥһǸʿˣҪӴĸҴžˡ
˵仰̣֮һԾξͻһ⣬Զɳ۶ȥ
ϵʿȴ֪ڵѾһ̥ԭѾˡ
ؾϵʿԦŽ⣬ܿһɽͷֻѾ߰˸ʿﻥ̸ཻš
ʦ֣ô£ôʱ쾯ӣ
ҺһҲһͷˮһ֪˭ء
һԽĵʿ͵͵ǰ˵شʦֶ˵Žɫɷǳÿ
һ仰̾Ͱܵ˶סˣҪ֪ǵλţһΪԺ̩ɽǰɫ䡣
ʲô£ȻԼλɫˡ
Ҳʱеһʿؾϵʿˣæȵ
ʦ֣һֱںɽôҲȥˣ
ؾϵʿ˵ͷȻ̾˿˵ҲǰԩǸͽ߳飬Ȼɽţ˵ҲЩʦͽֵģҳɽһˡ
ļؾô˵࿴˿Ҳٶˡ
Ҫ֪ؾϵʿǸͽܣǷ˴ɣӦñ׺䶥ǵλؾʦ֣Ȼŵһһҹһ棬ֻǽɽš
ɼֻϵʿͽж
ʱһڹ㳡
øλʦػ
߰˸֮󣬻࿴˿һһ䣬ν˴
ǽ˴λϿȥֻһòƽƽĵʿ
ʿͺͨһûʲôı֡
ؾ˼ʿ֮Ͼɫվ룬һ
š
мĵʿǵĻʱѹ΢΢۾±һȻ˵ɡ
ؾʿĻŸҸڴĸλ¡
ʱĴȻʮֵļžؾȻѾ£ȴûһ˸ҿѯʱٻԭ
ʱƣֱһʱ֮мʿſ˵ղĬᣬ˿ʼţһɽ֮Ѿ£д١
˵ʱϵʿ±ߵ˿˿Ȼ˵ʵԿʦĽѵһ徲Ϊ£ӦմһͻȻд٣һ˽ΪմȾ˴Ұʱ˵һ顣
µĻŵϣֻһһվ˵ʱ뿪ɾ顣
ǵ˵һֱÿɷֱؾϵʿ⼸쾭˵һ飬ŲŸоһʹ


246 
λĬѹסеľʹȻ͵վؾϵ˵ʦһذˡ
ؾʦô˵ȻȻ˵ʦָ㡣
Ǹͽһ˽Ϊҿһ٣˵Ѿͽ˽ǰȥ𣬲Ϊǻ𣿡
ؾЩãҪ֪ǸͽܣǼʮ֣ЩˣΪɵѾû˺ʦͽĹϵ˵׽ģʤĸӡ
Ѿؾɫ仯̾һȻм䣬±ߵ˵ˣԹؾҲûʲôˣλʦһƺˡ
ŵĻµλʿʼ˽
һһʿվϱ߹˵ʦ֣µ˼ȻǴˣĴ٣Ϊǿϳˡ
һ仰±ߵλʿһӵ
Щ˵ǵɾǵļңͬʱҲǵĿɽΪɵһЩΥĵ飬Ҳпԭ
˵ڵʿĻ΢΢Цһ£ʵҲ˼仰ȴ˵
Ȼλʦܶ˼ǾͿ쵶ն飬ҳϣԺĽѡ
˵֮վӻȡһ澵ӣ߸ߵͷ
ұʹ쾵鿴ʲôط˾λ֮󣬵ʱλʦܳ֡
֮
ŵ˵ͷȻе쾵ǰĬĬһ쾵һľ棬Ȼֳﻭ档
ʱλУһһڽ˵
ͻȻ֮䣬Ӧʲôֹͣԡ
ۣ֮֮ȥһ۹⴩͸λ棬Լʱռ䣬λŵĴ֮С
һλߵĬ鿴ԼĹȥδ
龰ɫЩã̺λһ
ӣϢʼ֮֡
Ĳһң򱻲һ޵Ϣλ浴
ǴеűѾҪ鿴㱾ڣͻȻ֮е쾵Ȼһ쾵еͼȫ
ż龰ǴһҪ֪쾵ɵķӳʦƿء
ôŵļѾһһķˡ
һ쾹Ȼ޹ҿӻ˱Դ
ԼҪ鿴Ǹ˱첻ʲôȻԼ쾵
뵽ʱҲЩŭ
СʿЩ£ԼĹȥδҲˣΪʲôҪҵı
ʿһŭڱƽķͿʼⷨ𵴣ϿѾǷƱɫ
ʹһͿˣǰʿһһȻܹ仯
ڴеʿŶŭ࿴˿֪ô졣
Ҫ֪ǵλʦڼʮǰʱ򣬾ѾΪﵽ̩ɽǰɫĵزѾܳʱûмʦˡ
ŭ˵Сҷ㲻á
˵仰֮ž½쾵ڻУʼдʣڵһɹɾʼӿ뵽쾵С
ⷨĲͣӿ쾵ѾЩıԴȻʼ޲
һ쾵͵ķųһ⣬ܿͽˡ
ϱߵλţٴ쾵Ϸһ£ŵĶ쾵һοʼֳסλúɽ
λǷĺݣҪҳĵλá
ʱһֱעⷽλ龰ɫǸӵĲãֻԼλãû뵽СʿȻ˵ĲʶôȻ˾Ҫһ֪ߵغ
֮һĹ򱻲ĲǴ֮е쾵һӦûУֱӾ˼顣
ֻһЩѾ쾵з㱾ڡ
ڼ쾵Ѿ飬Ȼ۵ĸֱȻάűϣ±ߵ˵ѾҵǸСһؾΪףżʦܣȥ󻼡
µڵʿ֮󣬶һͷ
λǸո˵仰ʱԶλ澻еĹѾ֪ˡ
ɫһ˲ȫλཻһ
⻹λһȫȫͶ֮Уһ˲֮䣬ѾλǨɾܵĽɡ
λǷŵޣΪǳǿֻһ˲䣬ʹа˳
ڰѳָо֮һĺ£Ҫ֪ԼղȫĳȥôܿͻᱻͬΪĿܡ
ֺҲֻһ˲䣬ܿͱǿΪѹס͵İһͶ䵽ǴϿա
ĵڴеλţ͵ĸоһǿߴʱͿռ䣬ϡ
λһĻ㱣Ȼ͵̧ͷе߶һۡ
һ˲֮䣬λź񿴵һΰӰϥ֮Уľڲͣĳ̡
ָоܿʧ֮УֻѹԼϯ
źôҲиˣܿͽеһѹȥֻ͵վ룬ʼſȻɢ飬̫Ԫ˷ʹȻ鱦ո죬Ǭǣ̫նаɱǧɽ䣬һ飬꣬˺ţħ֣У׻ɢ档
⵹꣬ܵһĲƣⲨƿʼܿӵܵĿռͿռ䣬Ϊһ壬ͬʱʼ֮еĹĿȨ
һ¿ԿǰʿʲôزȻԺͳɾ͵֮࿹⡣
ͥ棬λʿѾǵõ칬֮б
һڹǰЩưˣֻͷԵתǺƵܿͱɢ
⻹㣬Źӿ룬Ǹպ͵ȫ
ڣеһ˲䶼ߣЩ֮ʿĽ𵤺ԭҲʼɢ
һ¿ɰһҪǰȥһɾͻˡ
Ҳ˵Ĳ׾ˣֱӾ˴룬ȡһ⼣߰ߵı
ȡѱ֮Ҳȥ
Ǳһ뿪ƣ̾ͷų˵Ľ⣬Ȼ͵һĿ꼲۶ȥ


247 ϶Ϊһ
ǱһһգĿȫĻ顣
ⱦ׼˹ڵľȻһ˲ʱͿռ䣬˾ϿգȻ͵׹ȥ
ǹھͷ֮п龰¶һ̵΢Ц
ֻ̧֣һ׹µıһ˲͸ı˷С
ǱҲ飬ȻУȴͣĲҪĿơ
ЦЦȻǱ˵꼴˾βڴ˹徻αմȾ쳾
仰һ˲ʹķǷ򻯳һһ˲뵽ⱦ֮С
ղŻƴıھȻƽ
΢ЦڱĨһ¡
ֻôһ£ǱԭȻŵһɷ֮ھȫʧ
ⱦȫƽĵ˵ͷʼ̽ѱ
ǽЩüΪѱȫֻһһǣ֮еĳһط
ܿ¶΢ЦԭѾͨڤڤеĸӦǰѱһڡ
ֻظű˵ȻԵһҲߡ
˵仰֮󣬱Ĭһ˲ʱͿռ䣬䵽λڡ
ʱڴϢ㣬̸ӦԼĵһ̾ͺΪһ塣
ֻһ˲䣬֪ǰžһϲ
ӴȻڸһ£Աǰı
ḧһ±ĽȻ͵ȥ
ⱦ뿪֣Ǳһǣһ˲ʧԷ֮УȵٳֵʱѾڹľС
һ֣ѱ֮УȻеı͵򣬸ոյõıһ
һ⻪˸ѱȻʼΪһ塣
ȵһƽеıѾһģ
ֻ佣ǰӵƽˣڽϳһЩ⼣߰ߵĺۼ
ϸĻЩ⼣ǰʲôڽϷֲһ
΢΢ЦЦȻŽ˵굱˵ãһѿǶء
Ǳ֮΢΢һ£ҲһϲУǶĳŵʮֵĸˡ
һһɫͨǰڶһͣ˳źڶʧ˾֮С
ֽ֮עͶǴɽ塣
ʱǸѾһš
Ҫ֪ղŵǰѱǵ֮֮мεΣѣƾѱȹ
ⱦȻһȥʧѱɵĵ˵Ƿǳʧ
ҲЩľսڴ֮вͣҪٻرɵôʩչš
ʱǹһγ˴Ͽգֻһ˸ڳ˾͸о֮һã
һɽƽʲôҲûз
Ǹȴã֮ѹģ۾һԼڴ֮ϣ±ŵļλʦܡ
ЩԻԼһֱʦô֮ϣµЩʦΪʲôҲžһ
ãʱ򣬵µЩʿҲһѹǻ࿴˿ЩĪ֪ԼΪʲôڴϡ
Щ˶гɵĸߵֻһãϱ㾯ѹ̫죬һǷʲô飬֪
ǸŸˣ͵һӲ쾵
һȴˣǰһֱԣӲ쾵Ȼ֪Ӱųһ亹һȴڵмƬʽ쾵
ŵѾëȻˡ
ղŵ׷ʲô飿ȻЩеʿʧȥļ䡣
µЩʿҲ࿪ʼҲ֪׷ʲô£ֻһ۹⿴š
ų±ߵ˷Ըղŵ̫죬ҵһĳܵľУΪ˰ƽڴҷּ
µĵʿŵĻվϹ˵ŷԸ
ӽ쿪ʼɷɽûҵķּκ˲˽뿪ͬʱɽ󣬽Ϯ
ŷּ
ŲŻ˻֣ʦȥ
ȵֻ֮ʣһ˵ʱųĳһüͷȴûչ
˼ǰ󣬾̫ΣҪǲ׵׷ʲô£ӽԺ»ʳѰ
ת뿪˴»صʦС
תתʦߣһбطɽ¡
֮˫ϥڵأߺТԵʦͼ
Եʿĺ洫һƵк£ҵޡ
ʦĻղűɷһε飬Ӳ֪Եʣʦ󡣡
Ŷʲôλʦ޷͸˵
ԵʿͰѸղڴз飬һһʮ˵һ顣
Ƕ֮Ĭ˺óʱ䣬Ȼ˵Ҹղűȥδ˳򣬲ûзʲôε顣
ԵҲǴһղŷΥеʦȻ˵ҲûκεĶߣβԾ
ͣһȻ˵ʲô飿¾°ɡ
Ե֮ͷ˵ʦ÷鿴ȥδΪ¹ϵɵ˥ʦҪķ
Ƕ֮󣬺óʱûлظ̾һ˵ҲȫʩΪΪʩչϢܹǿⶴά֣һȫʩչ̾ͻᱻ֣ʱ֮κΣ
ԵϵҲһ̾еʦյʱΪܹ̽飬Ȼʩչаŵķԭ񱣴
ȻһܹأȴӽԺ벻ɽһʩչͻᱻʱ˥
е˺ôҲɵʦȻܿɣôԵ޹ʵɢ
ֻһӶз𣬽⾹Ȼ͸ʯڣŵǰ
ٴ̧ͷʱ򣬷ԼǰȻͣһ
žʹӶд˻񣬲֪Ժδɽʱõȴдܴ
˵ʱ򣬶еͣһ£ڻʲô̾һŽ˵㽫ȥ֮ʱʱݣȵΣ֮ʱȻ񣬹ͨǰ
˵ʱž͸оһǿͻȻӿԼͷо͸ֳһƪԼһ
ȥɣΣѣҪˡ


248 
ţ˵ĻϽĿһͷȻǰĹ˳ȥ
ȵŲӰʯ֮ڲŴһԹ̾Ϣ
˵һߣµõıϲѡ
ԴӸղű»֮͸оѱǰΪĲͬ
ǰʱⱦֻܹٵ۷ԼĩִС
ȣȫûУѱĸоУȴ̺һǿ
˽֮УֻҪزŪܹͷųʱɽٺ糣¡
ˣûͷֻǵȵָ֮ѱܡ
ڽļ죬ɽׯ֮пʼˡ
ɽׯеȻûٳ֣ЩǶҲʮֵ𾴣ÿյһʹûжȱǴҲÿ춼̽
㱻ڷ֮ҲǾģһһСǰͷڳԷʱ㿪ʼС
С磬һ£ʲôؽ磿
ǸСֵĿһ㣬ʿǲǺͿˣȻ֪ڽʲôط
ȻƣȻĸ˽͡
صɽɽ
֮һľû뵽Լһҹ֮侹Ȼ˼Ǹʿ׷ɱҲǲеҡ
㿪ʼѯ˵ա
λС磬֪Ǻ˽Ҿ˻
ҼׯȥԵʱ÷ֵ·ԣԾͰѵˡ
ǲ֪˭ȵƶԺãһҪǰȥݼ
С֮ĵͷ˵ʿû塣
ҼׯǼ
ͷȻ˵ʩĻһǳ
仰˵ģΪ˭֪ԼǰԶ󣬽һǳɷׯԼֻҪԼԶ͹ٻ
СȴĻΪȻ
⻹˵ҼׯȻз汣ӳ꣬һƽ
˵֮ĵĿһ£ǶʿʮƲۡ
С˵㿴ȴûˡ
ΪȻǵʥҺ͵Ҹ˱˵ʵȻǷռƣǳ͢еĹʦҲɷŸ˵
Сֺ˵˼䣬ΪɴҴҵ뿪ˡ
죬Ҳ֪ʲôԵʣܵôصƣȻѾ߰˷֡
һ¿ܸ˻ˣ⼸һֱⴲϲöģǿ´һ£Ҫ˵ӹˡ
һԹ緹֮󣬱㴩룬һһŲ˷֮֮ܿȥڵһ㰲СԺ
ط˵СԺʵ˵һ԰ƧԺ䣬ΪڸԺǴܲһЩġ
λׯԼǲȻԼľĵطˡ
֮󣬾վԺпʼǣǴһϷ
ʹԼִѧ̫ȭ
Ҫ˵̫ȭȻִ˵еȴûһˡ
Ҳ˵ķʩչȭʱ򣬲еİ
ֻվԺӵУƣҰף׺ᣬ§ϥֲֻá
һʽʽʹ˳ԾľʹԼڵн𵤵ת
ǵн𵤵ķһ⣬ⷨĴܵĿҲʼĶʼ仯
ǳʼ˳һ˳򣬿ʼԺתҶҲʼĶΧ
Ҳʩչִֻ̫ȭĴ·ɫҪչƴ̫ȭѾɽˡ
ʩչ̫ȭԵʱСԺ֨ѽһˣžһֵ˴ż˽
Ǹڷ˼ԹԵĴȭûпԼһæǰҪȥѡ
λֵˣڶĶ۾ֱˡ
ڷ˵Ķ֮󣬼æֽЩ˻ˣȻ󾲾վűߣȭ
ԭ˾ɽׯ
ԭЩǲһЩݷδûнʶˣ޳˼
ϧЩ˲Ǯʶ˺ܶνˣЩȴûһ˽ı£һֱ̾
λүȴûʧȥģȻһֱիɮ
˵ȵǸʿѾܹ´ˣΪ֮꣬һ¡
û뵽һžͼŶһصȨȭʩչܵĿѾʼĶתǵҲγһ̫ͼ
ʵͷ˽ˣȴûֹͣԼȭĶϵǸ̫ͼҲΪ
ΪʲôҪЩСأΪԿǷǳ˽ģŴ˵Ǵӣʵ۱ִһҲ١
Լ¶һ֣ǸׯֱӾͻԼһͨĵʿˡ
Լδһ׷ɱط㼸죬ԳһЩ죬ׯ֪ԼͣҲöԼϱ
СƷǳĳɹڵǸׯ۾ֱˡ
һߴȭһбۿǸׯֻð⣬Ӷˡ
ĵ˵ͷׯѾˣԼӦûõơ
Ȼô룬ϵĶȴû̫ͣȭһʽһʽ˳ȥֱչ
ȵ㳤һתŷǸׯվԱߣǸϽǰһ˸˵𣬲֪ʩݵУʧԶӭ뺣
Ǹׯڲѹæ˫ֱȭһ˵³çûǰͨʿҪ֡
ﲻ˵ĵطʩǵ̸ɡ
һжԸ
˼粢ؽ˿Ȼ衣
ڸһڲ֮ׯ˵һ·߷ֵˣ֪ʲôԭ򣿡
˵仰ʱׯ⣬Ķӡ
ʻûκε²豭˵ǰһͷҶ˴սһҲƶѧղķˣ䵽ׯʩԮ֣ȻĻҿѾǻĽҰһݹˡ
˵֮ׯٴαȭл
ˣΣұı֣õŵл
ׯ֮ͻȻʵղԺʩչʲô񼣣
΢΢һЦȻ˵Ҳûʲôֻܴһȭ
ׯ֮۷Ź⣬֮Ȳ˵֪ȭܴܲ¡
֪ԼĻЩͻˣǸϽվʩһȻͻˣȭǵشôܹӣҸղŵĻҪϡ


249 
˶ԷĻȴϽվȻ˵ʩдô𶼲ԱʾҵĸмȻʩҪȭ죬Ȭ֮󣬶ȻҶڡ
֮Щм˵Ҿȵͼرû뵽ȻȻҾ͹
ŶԷ׵ĻЩЦȴȻվܡ
ȹһ˵Ȼ徲ȴ˵ĵطһҾͽǨҵլԱߣԺҲֽ̡ܾ
֮εĵͷʵϲƫƧСԺӣȲĴԼ͵㶫ԼҲֻǿˡ
ͬˣ̴ϲԱߵ˵ʰңھǨȥ
ЩǵķԸжûһӵĹͰ򵥵ʰϣȻر
˵Ļתͷ˵ھ̣ɺã
˵ʲôǼ£ֻǿˡ
һжʩķԸ
á
һãžͷԸ±߱
һԣԸЩ졣
ţǻԺõʦ
һС˾رүѾã֪ʲôʱ̡
˻رתͷ˵Ѿãھ̰ɡ
㻹˵ʲôֻǹ֣Ȼվ˷ţֱԺ֮⡣
Ҫ˵ԴԺһֱԺṳ̂ԺһڸԺľܹŷԺһɽ֮ϡ
ԺһƬĴأ֮У¥̨ͤ󣬵׺С
ôһһɽȻǰլԺֲղŷԸҪˣһԺӵһԺӣЩ롣
ûаĹ򣬾ɽµһլԺ
ڳϴӦòլΪĽɽϵĽȻͬ
ɽϵЩСԺһС磬װξ
լװλֺߵɵĴţԲεĹתǵʯӺݻ
ſ˳ȻĴֱȻֱ
žпεѾ衣
Цž裬ʾһ£Ȼһڣ˵Һ͵һʣҹΪӷϴҪѡ
ƶ͹ˡ
ãȻˣȻؿͷϢȵ
ͷվǡ
æһΪָ·
Ȼ˴̾ŮΪ
תת뿪ת˲ԶһСԺ
·ǸתͷүүΪŵԺӣ𣿡
㿴˿Ժӣװ֮ԼɽϾסǴСԺҪǿࡣ
ܲлʩˡ
˼ʮ⣬ҲЦ˵үƽĵطүصطԸڳס
ԺӣȻֱ
֮һ񣬱ˡ
ǸŮȴһֱվȺķԸ
㿴˿⼸ŮӣӦͽԼ͵ԼԵģδû˼Ƶ˼
Դ˲⣬мòŮźԼҲġ
Ǹʰʰ
Ը˼䣬ͽЩ˳ȥȻϸլԺ
Ҫ˵ҲǼģǰڿ⸮ʱ򣬱ӴҲʮֵĹ
ǶԱסĵط⴦լԺȣǼֱС׼ףͬն
ֻ羫µ̨ͤ¥ĳعˮȣдɽϷ̨ȣرΧǽݼĵצ裬˫ɶҪڿնȥƵġ
һжԵôûʣʹסĵطͿԿطôݻ
ϣոΣŮǰ˵Ѿµľ磬ǰȥ硣
ûʲô˵ģȻǿ㣬˺ܿѾ
ľ͵ˣӵˣæǰӭӣȻ֣˾ϯǰ
˵ֱȾһƣʾһ£Ȼ˵յ͹⣬ң롣
һ仰˵ֱ꣬ӾͰеһƸˣ롣
һ¿ɰһ
ѵǸƼҲһˣôɫľȫˡ
ҲĲ죬һԼ죬ȻԺ˵õЦˣûʲôȺãֻⱭ֮û뵽ʱһþȻԽԽ󡣡
㵹Ҳûʲô˶ǣֻǲһ±㲻ϣƱյ
Ǻźţ㷢ֲͷˣ̫ܺ˰ɣһĹѾʮˡ
ĴСٺľƣǿྐྵȻɫƽûкȾһ
Ҫ֪ھԴ֮ǰҲʮƣʱѾˡ
ǰԾһ̣ôҲȲǺúɡ
ô£ľѾϵˣ˼ɻЩ⣬غûһ
ϵҲûзĲ죬ȻڲͣȰƣһĹʮ롣
ѾˣæȰʩҪ֪ƴԳԼԾվͿˣ
Цصģʱʲôƽʱһܾͣˡ
˵ֿ֮ʼȰơ
ͣȰ֮£ǿֺһ룬ʵǼֲסˣֱӾͻ˯ȥ
Ѿӣֵµ˽ͻȥ
ȵ뿪֮ûоʹ˰磬ٴƣȻﳩϡ
ľƣһֱ˯ڶ죬ͣѹ
֮ͷѣִҲǺƵģһؿǳԵƵĿͷ
㷢ģӽԺҲˣ֮ʵ̫ˡ
һźѾ߽ӵˣæϴˮźϲϣȻͣ㿴ϵĳʳ΢΢ĵͷ
ͱִ˵ҪʢˣŴĵʵĽ
ù֮һ̫ȭŻݿʼС
ʱոùţׯʹҴҵĸ˹
㼱æ˿֮ʵׯһǰʲô¶𣿡
ŵˣһδӦҵȭ֪ܷˣ˵ʱʮֵĲ˼ֺá
Էȵӣ΢΢һЦ˵ҵʲô£ԭǴ¡Ȼׯ˺ѧôϣׯҵԺӣҶȻڡ


250 ɮ
Ӧ֮󣬽죬ÿϵʱ׼ʱﱨ
̫ȭҲûв˽Լִѧȭ˵ڡ
ִѧĸҪ֮⣬㻹ܰԼЩϰᣬҲһһ˽
տʼʱ̫ȭûκεֻǾÿ˯ߺࡣ
ʱƣȻоÿһ̫ȭʱ򣬾һϵľĴ
оʱ򣬰Ҳһ
Ϊ̫ȭôʱ䣬Ҳûиоʲôתֻ㷨ǿǿʹ÷̫ȭܹ
㺦̫ȭ˲ӣæʹ÷ϵľһ顣
÷̽ȫ֮ҲЩԾ
岢ʲôţֻǱͨǿ׳һЩˡ
ľ֮Уȴһ޵Ϣڲͣת
Ծ̫ȭһĻȭ⵽ľ
̫ȭôҪִ֪ʱ̫ʦ˵ǲҲûĸ
ֻ˼Ĺ򣬾ʹﵽЩ̫ʦһӶûа취ﵽľ磬ôܸеԾ
ĿɿڴӣҲЩѵԼʲôӣ
㲻Ҫңѵ¶𣿡
ĽĿһȻҡҡͷ̾˿˵ʩصģⲻǳ˲ӣˣӴԺֻҪǱǰ;
֮Ļϲ⼸ʮɷõΰݷ棬ҪĲһЩϣˡ
⻹Ƕ˵Ǳָ㣬ĻҵĽ졣
˵仰֮˵ʱҰϯҶ˿Ϊףء֪Σ
룬ҲûоܾȻʩôƶ͹
ãҾ͹ݡ
˵Щ֮ͻϲص뿪סСԺ
㿴ŶԷ뿪ıӰüͷȴԷڵӿЩͬѰѽ
㣬֪ôž뵽ǰھϯǰʮ붼龰
ѵ˵ϻʲôԼ֪ܣ
ֻ΢˼һ£Ͱ˦һߣΪЩ˼һûܣԼÿһҪھĻǻԼ
䣬ǰǰȥ磬ҲʰԼۣ
ʱѾһӵľ硣
վھϯԱߣ˫ֱȭ㡣
˫׼˾ϯ
ȻǻָһЩŵͣȰƣͬʱԼҲǿʼ˺
һεĽѵһֻ˼ڣ㲻ٶ
Ǹȴһһ룬ͣﵹǶ޵׶һжپƶܳ˵¡
㿴ŶԷƣֱ֣жٶľǧ
ھϯϻʱͻȻ߽һˣĵԱߣ˵˼仰
֮Ͼ¶ϲɫȻԸϿɮ
˷ԸϽСܳȥˡ
㱧ȭ˵һǱķһֱիɮϰߣղһλʦǰԵѾ룬ְɣ
Ȼûʲô˵˼˼һУѵԼܵ
££˵ǵǱһûʲôġ
ûжĹ򣬾ͼղųȥǸСˣһɮģĺн˿
н˿̧֮Ϲۿֻϱˣһм䣬ŻӦþǴ˼ˣԱһʿģˡ
Ǻǰм˫ֺʮ˵ƶɮ룬ʩ
ϽվǰһȻ˵ʦ첻Ҫ񡣡
˵֮󣬸ϽھϯԱߣΪλ׼һزˡ
Ҫ˵ĸϣǰҲիɮ׼˼ǳիʦ
ûжĹز˱ӡ
իѾ룬æĺ
ǺҲƳ٣ֻǫһ£ֵԱߡ
ԱߣЩüΪղǺһʱͷе۹Щԡ
ΪԴӽ֮۹ЩƮͣ´ڹŴѾǷǳʧˡ
ֱղǺ˾ϯҲûκεһ߳իˣһ۹Ҳû뿪塣
˵˵о֮ڿɲܹöԷԼǰʲôأĻԼϿЩȥ
⣬һҪСķиʲôӣ
ʱúܿ죬һ͹˰ʱѾϣϯѾȥڴֻ֮ˣԲʳ
Ǹĺ룬һڲ裬²豭˫ֺʮ˵һضлʩĿƶɮˡ
ʦ첻Ҫô˵ܹʩɮ£ұĸ֡
ЦĵͷȻͻȻɫ˵ʩ˵ĿҲܹ𣬸ղû۹ƣʩһɲǱʩ㣬Ļк󻼡
֮ĲãҺԷ㾹Ȼڴ֮ͥңʲô
һֱ̣Ҳûпڳԣƽػصʦ¿ˣûвõúܡ
ҡҡͷȻ̾Ϣ˵ʩԣ½кڵһ졣
ЩкԼԩ޳𣬶ԼҲûбҪԼѵԼʲô֢ɣ
ǸѾԥǽ˵ֻʩһ仰ʩȾƵʱǲǴûк
˶Էʻһ㶣ȻͻȻһֲԤУѵԼĲ֢ʲôϵ
ϽĻش´ʮ꿪ʼƵڴûǺȵĶˣֻ߼Ȧˡ
ǺгЦЦȻ˵Ⲣʩ󣬶ΪʩһֻƳ֡
ֻûѵԼһֻ
Ҳ˲ˣϽվǷɮǰʩһȻ˵ʦȻϵô֢ʦʩԮ֣³֮ҶȻλʦиλܽ
Ǹɮ֮Ͻվ֮˵ʩصģҲʲô£ƶɮܿκʩ
֮һȻ˵ʦҪʲôߺҩģ̾˲򡣡
ҪʲôҩģֻҪʩҷԸһʱ̾ʩȬ
֮ϲʤȻˣǾʹʦˡ


251 Ƴ
ھϯǰⷬɮ̸ҡҡͷλׯѾЩ߻ħˡ
ǰҲûʲô죬ֻ˵˼仰Ͱׯһһ㶵ġ
Ҫ֪ԼͲЩǰʩչ̫ȭˣֻҪҶƬ죬ҲܰŪȥ
˵Ƿɮ̧ͷ˿Ժߵ̫ȻЦ˵ׯǺˣյգƶɮʩչֶεʱ򡣡
æعά˴ʦҪȻҿҪƳĥ
Ǹɮ԰ĵͷȻԸԺӵ׼һԼһЩΪұһ̳ơ
Ȼ֪ⷬɮҪЩʲôȻԸֵµ˸Ͽ׼
һĹһĽ齱ŵԺӵУм̳Ʊ˱ԺԱߵĽ
׼ĲˣȻͶǷɮ˵ʦҪĶѾ׼ˣ֪ô죿
ǷɮЦЦȻ´һ֮˵Щ죬һׯຣ
Īʦȥ졣
Ǻ΢΢ĵͷͻȻǰһץס壬һӾԽԺУȻϡ
㱾ԲԱ߿ϷͻȻоȻ֣һɲԹˡ
һ־ͰǰԲƷˣŽżأһӾԽԺӵУȻ̧ƾֱǺеĺġ
ǺҲЩͣոհԺ粻ƣ֪˼ˡ
ְסȻعĳ
һĹñסƾͽʵʵһ
ֻážһҾһɴӿò˼վȽŸ
ȵվ֮ٿǰĺУֻֻɫһ죬¡
㿴֪ϵĹԼȲУҲ٣Ҫ֪Ҳȭϣ޾Լнɢķ
˵һоͼһŵ
ľۼУγһҫ۶Ŀš
ǺмҪˣæ֣һԡ
˶ԷĻ˿еҲֻǰϵ׵磬˵ʲô
Ǻмʱ֣ͣæ˵ʩƳţһ˭Ҳκβƶɮֻܳ²ߣʱʩ֮ϣһʱ֮󣬵֪ԭί
۾գգȻĬĬһҪеˣʲô⡣
Ǹɮӵ˺֪ԼĻãһ֣ԺӽеӾͷɵС
Ǻбİ˽֮ϡ
ܵ˼һŭĿԲ
ŵƴļкǺеĶԻҲͽֹͣ
ʵҲǱȽϻţϾκһ뵽ԼһǼٵģΨһ˵ģܰеǸӸ
Ǹڰ֮ܿ˿Ȼһְ֣ǽҲ˹
֮н̳ƴ˷ӡͷǰߵľ롣
֮Ǻб㻺˺߰˲ԣ֮˫ֺʮ˵ӷ𣬽ȸʱܼ
㿴˿ǺĵͷϵŲûɢȥˣֶΡ
Ҫ֪ڿ磬̫أ̫£һͺ䤱ŵԼͷǰߵľ룬ƮЩ̲סˡ
ˣŪЩȡ
ֵµķԸмǰҪ̳еľƣҨס
ʱǺмæֹɣʩʱһ£һƲ١
ǰ⻰Щò㿴ȥ
Ʋ⼸һۣȻۿգ˵ҿɲ֪еʲôǰ׷ˡ
⼸ֻŲԶˣԺ᲻ᱻҲֻԺˡ
ʱúܿ죬һգ۵Ĺ͹˰ʱоԼʵܲˣǿధɮܹԼһھơ
Ƿɮû˵һͲ
ûа취ֻţֹһܵĲ֪ôʱͻȻ֮еԼĺһȻ۵һ³һ
ǸСڰֻŤһ£䵽ͷǰߵľ̳֮С
ʱǷɮϲ˵³ӡ
ǺбǰԱ߸⿪˰
վһԵ㣬ղ³һСʱͿһװֵĳӣѾ˾̳֮С
ʱѾſֽţǰһǾ̳ԣһ
ԭʱ̳ﾹȻһ೤ĺɫӣǳӾһھζţ۾һӦȫ
ŵǻȻתͷмĶǺ˵лʦ֮Ļҿ²վҪɥȪ
˵仰֮оЩԵãΪЩһֱիɮݷΪĹгɣԷλʦǰԼ
ͣİĻϣǸҲ΢΢ЦȫЦˡ
һʲôתֻվԶűЩˡ
ʱҲ뵽˸ղԼʱһ˲ԺоԼ
æǰľһ֮˵ղŶлģڣԺк󱨡
ؿʩ֮Ӧñ˵ЩɱҲ
ĻǹЦһץ㣬һץǸɮһ˴
˴֮ͼһƬǽ壬ЩĪ
ϽͣղŲ֪ʦ⣬Щ꣬Ʒ˾ʩҪ֡
ʱŻȻ򣬵ʱиǸмԼȷʵǹġ
ûʲôҲǵһʱУҪ˵Ҹл
˵֮󣬾͸Ͻʰ׼һիˡ
ûжĹʰĸɸɾһµԲм䣬ܿˮһի˱͵
ʱǺкֱԼңȻһơ
λʦңȸˡ
Ǻл࿴˿һƱһ
㲻ͣȰǺгԲˣ鲻ҲǳһЩ
ȵƹѬ˹ζǺС
ʦҶеƳ浽ʲôģ
˫ֺʮһţ˵ӷ𣬺ýʩ֪Ǿ֮רŸڸ˼ңԱȡЩʳ
Ǻ˵ֲ֮˼˵ⶫʩûʲôãʩҵĻͰⶫ͸ҿɺã


252 ׷
ⷬɮĻһ룬ȻʵʦǳˣҪʲôã
Ǹɮðһ󾫹⣬Աߵ㿴һۣȻЦ˵ûʲôƽʱ̰һЩ֮Сߣʡƶɮܶ¡
ŶԸꡣ
ֻҪھ̳зЩˮСȥһ£һ̳ơ
»£֮۾ð⣬žͷԸµ׼һ̳ˮ
ʦһ£Ҳҵȿ۽硣
Ǻ˵ͷվǾ̳Աߣž̳һ֣̳гεľƳС
žƳ棬̳ˮ֮УǾƳڰˮ֮вͣŤоʮֵĲӦ
һǾƳƽֿʼ̳гΡ
Ǻп֮ЦƳӡ
編ƣ½ǾƳ˻·ŵԱߵľ̳
֮ؾϯǰָǸղŻǰˮľ̳˵ѳɣʩβƷһ
֮û̾תͷ˿㡣
ֻվǾ̳ԣȻһȻŵһŨҵľ
Ҳû̾ͺȣΪ˭֪ʲôֻҪһ̳ӾǳģϾͲɵһЩƤ
ֻǿȻϷų˽⣬̳ˮȫ֡
һⰵȥ̳Ӳûκεŷתͷ˵ʩã̳ûʲô
˵֮˻ϯ䣬˵ˡ
ǸҲĹ˼ɣЦվ̳ԱߣԱߵСҪһֻ룬Ȼֱ̳дһˮűһ
֮ǺһĨߵľƼǵþƣʹ죡
Ѿ̳еľƣҲȲ˸һ롣
ûкȣŵһŨҵľǲ֪ΪʲôԭȵʱŵЩ̾;ˬһȴüûкȾơ
΢˼ڣǱƽ˿֮͸оһֱӴӵɢֻһˬ
¾룬վһԿŵǺУ˵ʦԹȻʵ
һ£ԼҲûʲôãӾ;öġ
Ȼ罫͸ǺУҲһ顣
ЦЦ˵ʦһؾҵΪȻʦҪƳ棬ôʦȥǡ
Ǻ֮󣬼æվ˫ֺʮ񣬡ӷ𣬶лʩ
վһԣǺе˷ܾüͷһ¡
ƳѵֻǺ˵ֻܹһ̳
ԽԽͷҪ֪ǺҲˣô̰ͼǱ֮
ǻ˵ˣǺϲƲ԰ΣֶҪЩƣҪʲôƳ
жȻΡ
㵱ʱޱ飬ûнҴǺУΪԼûȷʵ֤ݣֻŹһʱԼȥ̽һ̽ǺеĵϸҲǱԼľ֮
˼ʱ䣬ǷѾСҪһСƺȻǾƳƺ֮Уƿεĸ
֮Ǻɽׯ֮ǻգǺȴΪɼҪ뿪
סֻԴ˽Ǻͳɽׯ
Ḷ́ȫ̲˵ġ
ȵǺԶ֮´ص֮УٴΰϾ硣
㿴ǰḻľƲˣЩüһѾǵˣĶʵǳԲ¶ˣǸϽվǡ
Ҳûͳ˿֮󣬾»صϯǰʼԺ
ڲ֪ΪʲôֻøмޱȣֻŶЩ
˵뿪˿»صԱԼСԺ֮УȻؽԺţԸѾ߲ҪԼ֮ͽԷϪ
㿪ʼĬĬӦ
Ҫ֪޳ɽֻ֮ҪĸӦڷԲʮԶۻ
ܿڼʮӦǸУڷɿԶۡ
һӵĹˣһѽ
ҵǺеټ֮´ȻԺ߿һۣЩѾǸæԼģû˹עķ䡣
ʱŴӴԼļȻĴ˺Ծ˷䣬֮żأһ˲˷Ȼ󼸸뿪ׯ԰Ǻ׷ȥ
Ҫ˵ڵ㣬Ȼ޳˽𵤣ɾɣǻܹƼ
Ҫб˵еǸֽӣһκǸʿݵʱЩˣڶûлָ
оǷͷˣͷ̫һʩչԲʮﶼܷټ׷
ˣֻֻŲͣǰɳۣҪ̵ʱ׷ǸС
һ׷׷˽һʱǰ߷Ǻеټ
һֱϥԷһЩоЩ֣вżôʱ
Ҳûʱϸ룬ǺеǰȻЦ˵ʦôҺҡ
Ǻ֮΢΢۾ЦЦ˵û뵽١
ԷĻоһѵѾӦԼҪ
ȻǺе·ʱͻȻ֮оľ
ͣ½ŲĬҪ̽Լԭ
Ȼʩչ˷ŵĴͨڹȥδֻһİ޷̽鵽еԵɡ
һ£п֪²á
Ҫ֪˵ʩչֽͨҵͨ
ͨǱ޳֣ڤڤеõ
ֻ޳֮ͨбܹԼΪģʱĸӦȥδ֮¡
ƾͨܺǧ
ڸղԼʩչͨȻ޷֣δһʱ飬
һ룬ʱԼĴ£ǸղȡǾƳ档
Ҫӣ¾ԵǸʿԼһ׷
ԼղǵʿЩֶΣȻԼҲûбҪˣɴ
˲ʱ򣬿Ƿɮƽϥ
㿴Ƿǳƽһо֮еӣһĳЦб²֪жȴװģ
һ׶Щ˵ҲãԼǰֻǾлˮ¡
Ǳ˵ˣǾƳ棬˵һ˵Ƴ浽ʲô£Ҵ󷢴ȱȥĻɥա
Ǻп˿㣬΢΢һЦ֮зţӷ𣬵ˣҪ֪һж֮ֺαڻ
кݣҲ˵Ƴ棬Ļƶ
ƳͷԵͲٹڻˡ
ԼȰԷ̲ȻûбҪɿֵ֮¼°ɡ


253 ͨ
Ҫ֣Ҳٳʿֻ֮ӻȡľ⣬Ȼԡ
һתأתɷûתת׻𾪣תתɽת޵ͷһʮֲΪ֮²ö
ǵ˸
׼̧֮ۿ˿Ǻ˵һᣬ㵽ǽǲ
ǺпѾ׼ʩҲࡣ
վ˶ԼɮۣȻҶ۾˵Ƴ棬ʩƶɮģǿȡᣬƶɮ²Ը
ȻǾ͹ֲˡ
˵ֶ֮Ǻоһ
Ķһĵ˸һףֱǺдȥ
һգۼ͵˺еǰֻǱĿʹ˫ֺʮ
龰оһϲţһΪжֻͣǸǹͷԼ׶㲻
һԭ״Ǻϣֻ˸Ѻеɮ۴һ󶴣Ƕеȴûκε˺
龰оһ
ŷҵĹΪôеǿ⼸Ѿ˽ղĵز
ʱŰԼղӵȫ˺һ´һС
øУȻЩͣΪƾ㱾£ܹӵ𣿡
Ǻп˿㣬ȻҲԣֻ͵ǰһܣͻ磬һ˲ǰ̧֮ƾͱͷ­
㱻Ķһֵֵֻ̧
һ˿һ𣬽ֻұһ
ǽҧסʹ˼˺Ǻеľ롣
ٶȲǺٶȸ죬ֻһżһ࣬һһƹͷ­һƹ¡
ˣֵӦȭŵĹ
Ȼ޳˽𵤣ҲһЩ仯ǱڵķͨЩࡣ
Ҳ׼Ӳƴֻһ¿һ
֮󲻵ȵԷڶƣ͵һܣ֮Ҳ˲ӻȡǷͷΣһס
׳ͷΣһһֻˣǺеǰ
̧ͷ˿Ϸɵķˣ΢΢һЦ֮Ҳ׷
ôٴνֻһڰеķ˾͹ЮĻ棬Ǻײȥ
жڼ۶Ļ棬ҲȻǴǰҪľ롣
ǻ˹ЮŻײеϣһ˲оͱһεĻ档
һˣһ߿龰һһĻϲڿ֪ˡ
ЩãһǺˣǺлеľƳ棬ҲֵסǷ˵Ĺ
ǽȴʼ
ԭǸ湥вûˣӾˣǻƽ͵һĽ⡣
Ǻ뿪˻棬˵ǺֶΣҪƶɮЩѾ촷ˡ
ֱ飬ҲһЩսǴûǰѲĶ֡
ǰһʱ佫˵ǸʿҲǰжԼĹȫӡ
ѵһԼҪ޹ˣ
УƳȻ⣬Ǹղ뿪ɽׯʱѾ۲ˡ
ԭۺˣھȻʼɿʧɲǺȥûж೤ʱ䣬ͻʧü
˼ʱ䣬ǺѾĸһǺǻţһ޺һ
һҪöԷסԼӹǣһᱻùǶϽۡ
㲻ҵ͵һԾϵĻҲ͵һŻͽסзȥ
ڻ֮вûиоκε˺ֻһŵͣԼת
Ǹнӵɵ֮Уһü͵һܣʹܳȥʮɣۿžҪǰ
㱻һæһǻ˵ͷݻһУȻ͵зȥǿĶ㿪ǺеĽ
ǺһУҲ޷ڰͣȻȥ
Щצˣ̧ͷŷǳе㣬üͷĺɽһ
Ҫ½ϣʿٶıҲϣʿзţԼнı£Ҳ֮ء
е㣬вڽ֪ûзı£оһϲ
ǺǣȻ㵽ǽͿҵıˡ
뵽㲻ٳɣȡľ⣬߸ѹͷȻԡ
巽ʹ飬Ƽ̳ԾΪǲȥа뷡
һƴȫˣڵĽڷɿתһɹɵķӿľ֮ϡ
տʼľ⻹û󣬹һľ⾹Ȼų˵ĵ⡣
ŵָ˵µǸС
֮оˮͰϸļ磬ֱǺеͷȥ
һǺпûӲӣϾһָֻͷϸļ磬Ҳ޷
һؿ绮ƹеļ󣬾֪һҪǿǧٱ
ȥӲӵĻôͺûʲôˡ
Ǻ͵һܣ䣬ͶĽ
һ־ľ⣬һֹۿŵǺǱͻ
ǽεĹۿҪǺУǰ˹ȥ
üͷ룬ȥĻµҲֻøöԷûа취
Ϊ岻ԷҵϣԷҲɲϣ˫κβ˶Էѵ¾Ҫ֮
һ룬ӻȡ˿
㿴ûκεϲΪ֪µǺΪǳֻ֮⣬ܹͷųΪ˶ԵС
ǺǷŵڣԼųЩ֣κβöԷᱻԷ١
ˣЩҲܹʱסǺеĽŲ
ֻҪǸ̶̵ʱ䣬ϵܻǺУʱͲܺ࿹
֮㲻ٳɣ͵ֻӶ
ĻӶǿзų˶ĺƣЩڵһͱ˸ֵĹ֡
Ǹڵ֮Ĵ繥ĺУϳ˼֣оһ
ƽЩ˵ֻǾ֮ͣԼûЩֶݡ
¼ķչȴЩڵһȻͻһɫ磬͵
һ߶Ĺһ߻æڳԸͣϮĹֵæҡ


254 
ǺЩֵסٽӶǿ̾ͷų˼ֻ
⼸ֻɺǰĲͬԭȵǹֻһЩСһطųĹȫܹưһ
⼸ٶȸ죬ֻգۼǺеǰһпǶ㲻ˡ
λɮֻǿЦһ£Ȼ͵Ϸų⡣
ǻһסЩһ⣬̾ͷһĲҽУȻ󱻴ɢӡ
ôһ£Ǻ¶ϵ磬Ļϡ
һµʱǺлܹǿֵϵĽѾ
ȵڶ壬ǺϵĽѾʧ١
ȵµʱ򣬼Ǻд˺̿
пǺеĲǸһЩͲǺǽղ»ܴ
ǸйȻɺ֮̿ҡҡ͵˵ϣҲûκεĶˡ
ϵ㲢û̷ȥ鿴ʹŻ˲ͣķų棬ǵϵĺзա
ǺֱмʮΣȻһʱŷʹŻ˵ϡ
˻˼ǺеԱߣý壬ȻЦ˵ʦǺο֪ࣿǸƳ棬Ҳɱ֮
ǾʱǸѾɺ̿ĺУ͵۾Ȼֻצһֱš
ȵ㷢ǺǼʱҪѾˡ
ûа취ֻǾţҪܿԼҪ
ǺܴشΪ˵ᣬô׵Ķ㿪
ƽʵʵĴؿڣ˼Զ
ڵϷ˼Ȧ˼£ڻûվ
ǺڵϣԶͣҪվͷš
ӷ𣬵һۡһˣͬȪ·ϡҲܽ顭С
ַԼؿϵƣвͣѪ֪һԼ鷳ˣҪûʲôԮĻϾҪǺ˵һȥүˡ
ΪԽߵ㣬кԮܵŴ˵˵ǲ֢֮
ִҽѧչ壬ƲʲôѰ飬ֻҪڹǿӦþܹȬ
ˣǿЦЦȻ˵¡Ҫôʦʧˣƿ¡κβˡҡ
˵仰֮󣬱㿪ʼǺȥ
ǺĻоһĸо֪Է˵ʵԡ
һǺ¶ŨŨĲ֮ɫǿתм֮Ҫͷų˺Լһȥ
û뵽Ȼǹһ
ǺȥǵԵʱȴֹͣжһ̶Զľ뿴ŴС
ɮŲڽǰ㣬Ҳ¶һ˿ĿЦʿѧˣֻҪԼǲ῿Լġ
ʱĹȥȵɫŰʱɮһ
ǾҲٿǰһֱȵ죬㿴ɮȷʵѾˣŸٴԡ
Ļ˼
һҪѰҵǸƺ«һһơ
ûйϸ鿴⼸ֱֻӽǷŵԼĻУȻǿžʯָ
һĿռ任ȵڳֵʱѾصڵĵеС
ҧأֻ
һ㿪ʼԼʱǽ뿪۵ʱֻû뿪ͷ
˹ôʱ䣬ֻĵȻġ
ǿֻҵĵ绰ڵ绰һͨȲ˵ңܡˡˡ
˵仰ֻ֮˵ϣͬʱҲ˺ڰ֮С
ϵֻĻͲУȴһ
ô¶ҪҪ㵹ǸϿ˵ѽ
ڵѾ˻ԣܻش绰ͻȻĹҶϣҲû
һСʱ֮󣬵۵Ĵűõ죬˼ʮ߶ûл
Щżˣղڵ绰У״̬̫ãôʱţûӦѵǳ¶ˣ
æԼĽγͣ˵Χǽ£Ȼ˽γԴΪ̤壬Χǽ
Χǽ֮ڵɨһۣѻȸԺӲݴӦǺóʱû˴ɨˡ
龰оһ
ңȻһŷǴ߷ŵġ
龰˼͵ǰһ壬̧žϡ
㻹˵ͦģֻôһžͰŸ߿ˡ
ˤ
Ǳɨʱ򣬷ڴһˣҿǰһƬѪ
æǰ̧Ǹ˵ͷһȻ㡣
һ±˵ˣϽҽԺȥɡ
˾ţ֮ǽ㱧ԼĽγȻһ·ۣһСʱ֮ͣtеҽԺſڡ
ҽԺҽͻʿһѪ˳һӵϣļ飬ƽƽ
ܿͰ͵˼
һȻһſ˵ϡ
ԱߵһСʿ̱ڵأϽѯʣλ㲻ҪɣҪҪΪһҽ
ǿЦһ£Ȼ˵ûʲô¾ЩˣҷԱߵһû¶ˡ
СʿֻǰԱߵϣ뿪ʱǲĵһ䡣
ĲҪ𣿡
û£æȥɡ
仰Сʿһͷ뿪ˡ
˴СʱҵĵƲˣҽ߳
Ͻǰסҽʵҽôˣҵû°ɣ
ҽժ¿֣˿֮˵ǲǳ˳ˣ
Ͳ֪ôܵˣֻ˳ҽĻ˵ǵǵģײһ¡
ҽ¶һȻ˵ı飬֮Ա߸ŵһСʿʹһɫ
Сʿҽɫµߵһߣһûз
λѣǰ߹Ƕֻһֻ߹ǲ嵽˷رصǵʱЩˣѾ˷ѪףҿȼʱʱΣˣһ͵ICUȥˣϲʲôĻӦܹȹΣڡ
ҽĻһ
ллҽллҽ
ҽ˵ͷȻȥ˼ͣˡ
ҽҡҡͷ˵СӣڻûɴϽ;֪ɡ
˵仰ת뿪ҡ
ڲŷӦԭҽǰԼˡ
̾ʱҵһδ򿪣ʿСҽ߳
㰰ǰİЩСҽͻʿ͵ICUֱһа׵ˣȫķ


255 
ICUߵĳϸո£ҪϢһ£ͻȻһŲ̧ͷһֻһСʿ߹ˡ
龰ٽϸղҽĻôˡ
Ȼ⼸ǰ´һȻʵߣ
ϽվȻԩ
٣ģߵҵѣǽӵĵ绰Ű͵ҽԺġ
ôʹ˵ǱײģѵǱı
Դͷ˵ǲ鷳Ժ˸ɡ
Ϊ׵ľҡҡͷ˵˵ЩѾˣȺһȥ¼ڹɣʲôǻġ
һ˵꣬ǰһһץסĸ첲Ҫߡ
ӣ֪Լһؾǽˣ֮ǰðź顣
٣߻ûΣգܲȴ绰֪ͨļˡ
Ϊ׵ľ΢˼һ£͵ͷ
æó绰ͨΰĺ롣
ιСѽʲô¶𣿡
壬ϿҽԺһˣˣICU
ո˵仰绰һĻңһ绰ٴδѾĸ
ôſǻʵô¶û¶ɣûΣգ
ĸģѾˣѾΣգICUй۲һ죬Ϳתͨˡ
Ϣһ绰ͱҶˣһҲڽҽԺϡ
һ߹Ҷϵ绰֮󣬿˿վԱߵľ죬Ȼ˵ǿˣҿ˵ºûϵ
ȥ֮ǻģǲԩһˣҲŹһˡ
˵仰Ϊ׵ľһʱɫʹ뿪ICUſڡ
˵ΰˣڽӵĵ绰֮󣬸æ˳⳵ҽԺ֮ҴææICUſڡ
֮̾ҽѯ
ǲģҽΰȻεıȽˣǲ˵״ǳãѾΣգֻҪICUٹ۲һ죬ûͿתͨ
֮ΰһ
֮ΰֽICUһ㣬Ȼڻ˯ûѹ
ҽ֪֮˱Ƚأڻڻ˯֮УûʲôĻӦûѡ
ڣΰӿǳ׷ˡ
֮һ£ΰʱȴICUеϢȥչ˷
һһҹܿ͹ȥˣҲӻ֮˹
ѹԼICUеʱһ֪ԼǱסˡ
ICUߵΰõҽͨѹ֮ҲǳˣȻҽĴ½ICU˿ոѹ㡣
ոֻǿЦЦǸ״кˡ
ΰվĲߣİοûʲô£أ㰲
ͷ֮ƣı۾˯˹ȥ
˵Σգ˵һ߱뾯֮̾ͽѯʡ
ԾĿ⣬̾ˣѽ췢һһʮ򾯲˵һ飬򾯲ʾֻ绰¼
ãڿƼǳķ·鲼κһطܿͺʵĻ
ȻǳߣҲûбҪˣڵڶ糿ͱͷ˳
ڴӾֳ֮󣬵һ»صҽԺ
ICUʱ򣬷ѾûӰɰһΪʲôء
һѯʻʿ˼ҸѾΣգתͨȥˣһȻڻʿָ£ڲҵ㡣
˲֣ڵѾѹڴߣһûһĸء
ΰˣϽվЦ˵Сһ鷳ˣҪ㣬㻹֪ôء
ûʲôûʲô˭ҺأҲ˭
Ҳڲ֮ϣתͷ˵ǣһζˣֵллˡ
ˣ˵ЩʲôںúˣҪлҵĻ˺֮Ҵһ١
ǿЦЦ㲻˵ˣһоڲС
ڵϵʱҲŷǰ̽㡣
Ѿ̵Ŀ֪ˣһֵķǳǿԼûпȰο̲Ҫġ
ҽԺϵĸ֮Ҳ̲סˣһ˲˵˴ǰͷ
ְ֣㻹۲ۣ
㿴ſɰŮЦݾͲϡ
ûû£ְⲻǺ𣿡
һοҪСˣҪǱײˣôѽ
Сһ̾˿Ȼſ㡣
ҽԺ֮пʼ
Ҫ˵һܵ˻ǱȽصģҽԺһǽʮ죬ֱǳȶˣҽͬؼ
ص֮ӭǴ׺Сֻ
Ҫ˵׻ˣϾһֻʱ䲻ҡβͰҲ
ֻС׿ֻ׺꣬ȫѾûкˣڴԱߣһֻСһѧӣҡɵβͣʮֵĻ
һػ㱻С֮УǷΪܹˣصڳġ
ûˣΰĴߣȻʵ㲻ǻᷨûˣһãʡԼڴôʱ䡣
֮ЦЦⲻǸջؼҽԺʱʩչ
˵仰֮ͣһУһԼѧķ֮˵һܵ˱Ƚϸӣ˹ͷҷҲˡһķûʲôãֻҵе
ʵ㻹һ仰û˵ǾʹףɿƵķ˵ĻȻܹ֤Լܿ츴ԭȴⷨ͸֧ԼǱܡ
Ͼǰΰˣ޵ˣûⷽĹ˼ɡ
ȴһԼ͸֧Ǳܣɾޡ
Ҫ֪ܹ磬Ѿɾλǰ;ΪôһʱԼǰ;ȡ
ΰ֪뷨⻰ǵ˵ͷȻͳȥ׼ʳȥˡ
ΰ뿪֮󣬱ı۾ʼϵڵеĽ𵤡
⻹ڳ֮󣬵һθӦ𵤡
һӦͷֵеĽ𵤣ڻתţתųһɹɵķ
ⷨһ뿪Ϳʼ˵Ĳλ˶ȥʼ޸ơ
㿴Լʱôֵܼҹǽһֱ޸ԼƵĻԼѾǸɮһȪˡ
㳤ĳһȻĬĬƽ𵤣תʼٵͷŷ
Ŀƣǽתٶȸˣһɹɵķӿ˳ž˵زʼٵ޸ơ
ӦԼƻָٶȣĬĬļһ£ĹԼӦþȬˡ


256 
ڴĬĬתţͬʱ¶һɵЦݣȴ֪ڶ¥ϵһ֮УһԶڹ۲ķ䡣
㷿ˣһСӣŻǾ
۾Զϣһգգع۲㷿
һŰ۾뿪ԶȻӻȡֻʼ롣
ܿ绰ͨˣڵ绰һߴһԿĿİʵιôˣǲ
ĿѾؼˣҿˣڼˡ
𣿡绰һͷһϲ
˵һĿ굽ô˵ģôȻһ㱨
õģ
Сӷ˵绰ɳһ룬ֲͨһ绰
ӡ
磬ʲôԸ
㲻ǼΰǶڸʲô
磬⼸ΰһֱҽԺţźӡ
к˵˵ͷȻԸ
ȥҽԺһ飬һϢұ档
õģ硣
µ绰֮ٴ˴ߣԶ˿淿е㣬üͷһ롣
һԼò״ˣԼҪúñһ£ϣܹõ˵ʶӴ֮аͲٲϵ¶ˡ
ڴϵ㣬ûзԼڴڱ֮С
ڰԼһо˼ٻָϣ˴һ쿪ʼֻҪʱ䣬ĬĬĵеķԼǧٿ׵塣
ʱƣڷٵı仯ţջؼҵʱֻڴϣѾܹǿµػˡ
ñ仯ΰǿ
һǷˣǰŵüͷҲʼչڼҲһδ˻Ц֮
һϸոճԹһɳϣһ߿ŵӣһ졣
ͻȻ֮ſϵǸС͵վ۾Ŵͷʼֱ졣
տʼûа⵱£Ϊܵʲôţֻĺ󱳣ҪС
һСǳִ֣ô۾û뿪ڡ
СһʱķҲææһĺһ߰Сǲ£аְֺڣû˺㡣
ǶİСһ
㿴üͷҲֻǰС׵һͨĺꡣ
ȴǳ֪С׵ĸһֻǧĺ
µĺӣôܹͨ
С׶Ŵһֱʾѵ˵ʲôевĵط
֮̾ͰԼе֮ϡ
ǵеĽ𵤣ע룬̾ͿʼһĲɢ
Щƺĳһͣ̽ţܿǽϷһֵֻ
ͨ𵤵ĸӦֻһɷǳǿЩɢһаζ
üڵ㣬ֻһ˼ʮС֡
ִĩᣬ͵ӦǷëǡ
һǸ߸ϣһôǱԼǽˣ
ԷӦ߲ơ
Сֲϡ
ȻԼˣǵеķܹתԸСֵ
ֻܹ͸һе۾˿ǽſŵ𣬽¶΢Ц
ǽ𣬺ҲоŨŨĶ⣬ֻ͵һȳ򣬾뿪ΧǽʼԶȥ
㿴ԶȥĺӰ΢΢һЦȻĬĬ
ʦģ׷˻꣬ķ꣬
꣬ڤڤһֱǷɳԶȥ
㶼ûü㣬ͱС
ڰҡҡȻ׹˵ϡ
һɻɫӰӱ˳ɿС
һУԱߵΰԼûв
ֻǸС꣬ҲˣС۾ɻĿģǲôͻȻһ
һֻСͷȻ˵ûˣͷȥɡ
СĻԴϲ˲䣬ȻԱ߷ϣŴ
վȻڿӵΰ˵ЩˣȻطϢˡ
һ£м»˵
ֻٴε¡
ΰֱ壬һ£Ȼ˵Ǹش绰ˣ˵һױ˵ķӣ費Ҫ
ΰ˵֮۾͵͵Ŀһۡ
ΰһԵǸ̸ӵ飬Ȼ۾ŵӣǶȴ
һ룬Ȼʵʲô˼
ΰûзԣ̾˾ŲŲȻֺõ˵ӲֻҪʮǾװ޵ģһʮƽס
֮ﻹص˼ⷿ˵ʵͰҲûʲôֺԼ
ĻtоǷٱˣϾҲһʡУôܶʮһʮƽ׵ķӡ
ʲôҪ𣿡
Ҳûʲôʱʱȥһˣ׼ĸʲô飬Ҫæһη¡
˷Ƿµľ޹»
ȻԷҪô׷Ҳİá
ҪҲЩˣǼסûеõƣһ˼һʮƽ׵СУתӵ
סС䣬Ƿڳ˵ģƽʱһֱ˯ġ
ðɣҾܰ죬Ҿ͸ش绰¸ȷˡ
϶ĻشΰЦݾûͣ
һֱװµҲ
㿴һ˸˵ӣԼҲʹһЩڿΪһ¶ˡ
֮վ߻صԼСУؽ˷š
һ쿪֣һڲͣ任ε塣
СһһֱΣκ֮䲻ͣתۻҡ
˵ɣС˭ģ
ֻĻϾͱΣȻ¶ӵȮݵͣ˵СʦϽңѾ˲õˡ
㿴ŶԷв΢΢һЦȻб㵴һĵ⡣
һӴǰ壬̾ͰҽС
ô˵𣿡
Сʵˡ
˵ɣʲôΪʲôҼſڣ
𰡣գգС۾룬úǰûбҪΪһС£Լ޾˷


257 շ
УŤһ£󻯳һź۵Ĳ԰ˡ
ſ˵Ƿ峤֮ǰġ
˵ʱͣһ£̧ͷ˿ɫȻ֧֧Ľ˵пܵĻҪһ˵
֮һЦ·ϡ
ﵹףȴ֪г֮⣬һ
ܣǱΰڿ֮еģͷӵĵ
ͷӿɲȷ죬һħĻִռ䣬ûĸֵܹ˺ļˡ
˵ɣǸʲôط
䣬ЩɣҪ֪峤ǵĻ
ԴСתѪûпκһܹ峤ġ
ȻǰǻЩ£СУ»ûа취峤ƥС
ΪŲҰ峤͸¶Сʿ
һ峤ʰСʿԼ͸¶ٵģԼкã
һ·СȻͷϾ˶Է˼Լûѽ
ʱȽϽûСʲôϷ
ǣѾȥĵ⣬һοʼ˸
һƶСĻֻСһηҵĽһҪһѵʱ仹ǱȽϳġ
һСҲʼ㿴ˣջ֡
һ˷ǸС̾;ÿôʣôãɲΪ˶Լģȫ㹥ˡ
ˣʲôҴʲô
⻰¶һ˿ļЦ֪պαصҪǴӦôʹ죬õĿࣿǵҲʧһ롣
ΪһĻС»ԾˣҲóһʱ䡣
Ȼʶ࣬ôһؾˣڿ˵˰ɣǸʲôط
СĬһ£Ȼ˵ҿԶ͸¶ڣϣӦһҪ󡣡
˵ɣһ˵
СεĿ˿㣬˵ϣ͸¶峤Ϣܹ֮߹
С˵仰ָϽĲҲҪκεĹʣΪṩҪʽֻ֧֡Ҫ߾͹ˡ
֮Щ죬ôô£һ˲øʣܴõǮϣͼˡ
Ͼ뵽һֿܣΪС½׷ɱҪԼҲȡñӻ
һ£СԼûκεвҲûʲôõģһԼĸĸһ㱣ϡ
ҪǿСЩûģһԼִֵ˵һݾ֧
˼֮ЦЦãֻҪشҵ⣬ӽԺҵˣһΪṩȫϵıӻ
ǸСĻ¶Цݡ
˵ʵһϲ
Ҫ֪ǰСʿ峤˵Ƿǳ˼ɵģ˵ʲô˵ǰǿޱȡ
Ͷܹʱ֤ԼİȫҪǿӣֵӦûõˣԼͶȥô˵ͻΪλĸʿʱôٵԼ
뵽ʱС¶ЦݣȻĵ˵ˣҪʲô֪޲ԡ
㿴˿еС꣬һ£ҪշҲһЩֶΣĻԼҪʱСѡ
̧ͷСʵʲô
СЩ±ƣȫû뵽Ϊ⡣
¡
֮ͷȻ㿪ʼ
һץ쵽ץصصץ굽ץץвһ̧һץ裬ץץɢ̫Ͼ
֮־СĻץһ¡
һ¿ɲˣС;һʹоԼ걻ǿг롣
Сһ꣬ܿԼĿƣַȥ
ֽס꣬Ȼſһ̣һ˳ľĽ֮С
ȫסС
Ӵֻ֮Ҫ㶯ǰСɢ
ҪǱҪʱܹһ꣬СһһӴ֮СȫͳĿܡ
ѪҲ֪ԼʲôղŻЩС˼ȫϨȥ
ſһס
ǸѪµ̾뿪ģһزûӣǹƮԵķԸ
ȥɣ֮ǰҡ
ǻ¸Ͻ˵ͷȻ괩ǽŲԶĽֵȥ
һžĽֵϣһڲͣĲ
µǰһˣһӾ֮У͵дȥȻһĺȵһڵϵʱѾһŵˡ
˿Щɫ԰ףһԼ·ȻԶһڿȥЩ̾
һȻ˵ǱסˣȴȫʧȥˣӽԺҪ˱Ϣˡ
Ҳûʲô취ˣȱסС˵
Ѫ̾˿תļҶȥ
Ĵ£Ȼ͵ȥһֻһȻһչ򣬾Ĵͷ
ʵһֱڴϹۿߵͷһС𣬾ֻ֪ˣæ򿪴
ǻһˣ̾ʹķ䣬һȵеʱѾָԡ
һػ¸ӵĹˣϥͷء
ūͻ£ΰˡ
¶Цݣ˹άζȻǲֲʷôĴǰôӢ䣬˺ڱͺߵ
һڷеϣŹ±ߵĻʵڿ˵˰ɣǸʲôط
ѪѾtУĵϣپƵꡣ
߻ʲôˣ
ĻлĶӽܿˡ
ܿ˵֣۾һУȻʵܿô£ѵҲѪ
ܿ˹ԭѪĻѪʲôòתѪ
ŵ˵ͷţֲýܿԭôȻܵһһĳ
Ͼ뵽Լǰꡣ
ȻԼˣǺôһշްն˵˻йͬŮİȫ㻹Ҫһµġ


258 ײ
߲ܿǴһŮǸŮôˣ
µͷһ£Ȼ˵ܿ˹Ӻߴһδޣδ޺ŷޣƹҵһû½
֮оЩƣҵĿˣƹҵӦǷǳĸ˰ɡ
зǳĲʹ죬оԼǱܿ˸ȥˡ
ȻԼʹ죬ǱҲʹˡ
۾һת˰취
ڻϣپƵȥȻ취뵽ķУͲҪˡ
ǻķԸһΪĿѾˣλ˿¶Ҫˡ
ʵҲʲôΣգΪҲĺ֮һ⼸ҲСȨ
ȴ¶һ˿һͷ˵˴ߣȻ˵ΰˣھȥ졣
˵֮󣬻һ̨˷䣬Ĺ֮УһԶȥ
֮󣬱㿪ʼ׼ж
һضԸǼĹӦСһ׷¶ûʲôãһҪʹһķ
̳ײԼǰȥ֪֪
Ҫ˵ײ콫׷ǰǶϰÿһοҪɹʱ򶼻Ե޹ʵرϡ
ΪҲԹο
Ӧ̫󣬶ҸԤ˵ռĹԱ֪ǰƻ
ⷨǳ֮Ժ㣬ǰһʱɡ
ǿײһԱ콫ԼԼ̳ǰá
ԼУûа취ķֻ̳ªͼ򣬽ԼеһӰڵأִ̳֮ӼһЩƷ̳ϡ
ΰڣЩ棬ʼæǰæ׼̳֮Ҳߣվſں
ЦЦûԼĸĸ
һźֽϱд˼λ
УӦջһ׷ɽݱӦʹܣʹ߽֣Ϸʹ߱ϻȣʹ߻ͨʹѹʹ߳ʯ
֮㣬̳ǰʼĬĬϣλoܹԼħֵ
֮һϥ̳ǰ󷨾ʼ֮С
ѾƮƮľ磬ͬʱڤڤһɸӦԺ֮С
һʫ־磺̫ң̫磬Ӧ䷽
ȻѾƮʵ˼ȴǳʱоڤڤе£֪ѾˣǸϽ䡣
ٺʮ磬ңšԽ˾ɷһ׷ɽݱӦʹ˅˸뷡
꣬һ˸ȻٵзȥɵеĽһ˲ʧռ䣬˲֪άȡ
޾γȿռ֮Уʵ֮Ŀռ䣬˸
Ȼ˵˸˸оȷʵʮֵƽһ̯ˮһûκεӿ
ͻȻ֮һڣһ£̺ǽ̶ˮİһ̲ˮʼͣķ
űʮƽ磬ȻʼҵͷܵĿռȫһŵ
֮һռ֮еʶ͵ĳԽʱͿռ䣬˵֮ϣȻӵ÷̳ǰ
ѾоĽ٣֪ԼѾǼæ
ʹߣְֱݼ̫ͬ顣أӦʦԤײսʱ̳ȥȥ
ϣо͸оԼķվһԱͷҽףֱŸֱޣ۷Ž⿴㡣
ʱæӵվ̳ǰëʣڻƱֽϻһһ׷
ָ׷ˣԼӦ׽ǰ͵ǰһס
׷̾뵽׽֮Уʱ׽һԵͷ­
ף׽ʱԼ
㲢ûǱĿӦǸСµλá
ʱѪ£ѾϣپƵͳ׷
ڷǰʱ򣬻±ɫ˵ס
²ֻޱ˵Ҫ峤ͨ
ǰ˲Ϊѻ£ĵͷǶԻµ𾴡
žһŽ˷䣬ͨȥˡ
һű´Ǹͨ˳Ż˵峤ȥ
˾ÿλá
һ·Ž˷䡣
˷ֻ֮ⷿɳϣһӢĹ塣
ɫ԰ףҲʮֵĸţеΣǺ͹Ĵš
˵Աһˣǽܿˡ
ǿ˽ܿһۣȻ΢΢ĵͷߵ˵ǰ˵ףһˡ
ԭмˣѪ峤
һЦȻ˵ôżļңǲһϢˣ
µͷ۾һת¶һ˿΢Ц˵ǵģףǸм˵Ϣʮֵ׼ȷСʿڼˣҿ˵Ļᣬһʱָ
𣿡Щá
ȥãΪ飬ͷ˶ļӣôһ÷һСˡ
ºһѾǼˣȻеĲãǸϽ˵һҪϢҪ档
֮⻹࣬˵ͷ˼û¸Ͻ˵֮Ͽȥ㡣
𾴵峤ҷСʿһޣʮֵĲöԸҼνӽļңһ㱻֡
峤⻰ɫ̾ɲá
Ҫ֪ս˥ʱһֻ޵ǷǳѵģѾûмˡ
Ҫ˵ЩȻûǣʵȴǳǿһЩǿޣ峤Ҳûа취Ը
ԷôһֻޣôԼɾҪСˡ
ȷʲôƷֵģ
һֻ꣬оʮֵ񣬶ҿɴϸеһвӦʵҲСӡ
ðɣ㲻Ҫϼ䷿̫ˣʣµһᴦġ
˵֮󣬰ڰ־û³ȥ
¿ҪˣпЩżˣ֮ԣӦǸ˵ģҪǳȥ᲻ỵ˵顣
뵽ԼһУǶһΥ
ҵ취һʱ䣬ϰĴ¡
ǣԽһת⡣


259 ʥѪ
Ϊʱ䣬ҲֻӲˡ
ǻ̧ͷ΢΢ĶԱߵĽܿЦЦȻ󹧾صͷ˵ֵܿܣʱûʲôӦİɣеĻҿ԰ҵľ鴫ڸ㡣
Ż¶Žܿ¶ֺõЦݣҲ¶Цݡ
ԭȻָ˽ܿΪԼļ̳ˣѪĴͳ֮УӵļѪҲĺӣһӵм̳Ȩ
ЩӵļѪûڡ
ڻ¶Žܿ˱ʾôǳΪ̳˵ݣڽܿ˿ǳģҲڼġ
ܿ˱̳ϴģڻµʾãҲȫ¡
ֵܣʱһûʲô׵ĵطԺһ̡
ܿ˶һ£ȻЦݵվ˻µԣļ˵ʱһۣǰҲ£ҼȻͥҪͻֵܶ׶
ҲЦĵͷŽܿˡ
￴̸ϸӵˡ
ʵ㲻ֵҲһЩˣҲԣҲȫֽ֧ܿˣټԼڱ֧֣ܿӦþͿȼ̳˵λá
ЦݵʱͻȻ֮оһɴ־彵١
ɽٵ־ɢſֲܣ־Ľ٣סı񱻴и˳
ڣѾԭԸоͣ
Դӵ峤ôûио
ǸħҲûиôѹ
ͻȻվ±߻̸Ц˵Щԡ
ºͽܿһ̾;
ܿľոճΪѪû೤ʱʵڱڼûʲôλ
ΪܿڱǰӵУһ紵ݶŰ졣
ǻȴһ֪ѾˣֻװģıʾȣƲԼеĹϵ
ŵվڴ룬ʼдʡ
Ŀռһ𶯣һһг֡
ɢһĲƣܵĿռ䶼Щζ
ʱֹͣ䣬ߵеĸȻ͵ֲС
һڴ֮뿪
ʱе˷֣ѾһòĲ
һʵĲƳɣϱ߻һЩݡ
ֻĻԼ󣬽ԼѪҺε˲֮С
ѪҺһ벣Ϳʼҵķڱʲôȼһ
ֹһѪҺʧˣǲѾѪ죬̵ѪҺɡ
ڵأⲣ߸ߵľٹͷȻ˵ѪҺְɡ
ĻǲȻųѪɫĹââһ˲ͽеĹ⣬ȫѹȥ
ЩʮǵƣѾȫȥеĺ֡
һѪǿʼ˲֮С
ЩѪʧʱڲгһѪ
ѪϿѪɫȴɢһĽ⣬ʥַ
οʥѪȴɢһĶ
ǴڵѪһ˲䶼Ѫ۾ѪǶżζʳ
վʥѪҺĲ͵ԼĿڱߡ
ԥһ£һоԽԽŨѹ¶ģȻ󽫲гŵѪҺһ
ʥѪҺĿУ̾ͻһŨŨҽͣĳˢ塣
ڵǱ̫ͣķһڵϣͣķ
ƤҲʼͬʱøɿҶʱһѪð
ʱվܵЩѪж¶һ˿ңҿղԼѹ̰ûǵѪȻĻڵǵ³
˺һѹסԼʹǿشӵվ
ʱѾ䣬ԭӢģѾһƤݵĹ
ڳѪҲԴ˼ֲˣҪ֪ѪȫǿѪҺΪʧȥѪҺҲڵģ
ȻȫƤɱ񣬵۾ȴþ
ԭóͨĲѪʮʥ֮һѪ
ѪΪѹ֮һʹԼѪҺΪӣٻĳλǿߵѪҺֻҪѪҺѪ壬ܹʱӵλǿߵ
ղʹԼѪҺΪӣٻʼѪҺʱӵ˸һ
ֻۿܣܹ͸ռ䣬֪λһ
ʱУһŽõ
õȫЩһ磬ֱסǿеĽ͵ռ뿪
ĿҲע⣬ֻ͵Ļعͷ
˵Ŀ⣬֮ж
ŶԷͻȻһЦȻпʼС
ҲǺУʵѪ
ĺУʱԽԽߣȻһĿռ𶯣һܿľӵ˷ܿռϡ
ЩԻ޷ͻķֻҪһ磬̾ͻķ
ֻҫ۵Ĺâһǿĵͣ³Щħγ𶯣޷
ڵϵûκżӣȻﲻͣĺУЩҲһһͣĳܵĿռ䡣
õĽɫӰʱоˣΪЩ𶯵ĳȻ˵ǽˣܵĿռУЩ羹Ȼ˲˼ı仯
Щ֮ɵھȻʼı졣
ɫԽԽλõӰѾоԼЩƲסˡ
λõӰֻԵһȣϾͷŭоԼܵϵơ
λӰķŭϵĹЮԽԽǿ󣬵̫һ֮С
мɫҲòãȻѪǿʼѪҺʹԼϾֻһССӾ޷ȫĿѪҺ
취Ͽͻ뿪ˣĻҪﱻһˡ
ֻ͵һܣǲܵԼһ˱ķ˰֮С
оͷŨŨĶ⣬Լۼ׼һ
ûе飬ֻԼצצѾѪ졣
צһӣ֮̾лһѪӰѪӰ֮ռ񶼱˺ѡ
ͷ۵磬ʱҲ
ɷ֮̾ͺеѪӰײһ


260 ʥѪ
ڰһǽӴĵطȻһڵѷ졣
ɳ˵λܵռ䷢ײÿռλ澧Ҳ˶ݵ顣
޾翪ʼһļǿȻ¼ѹȥˡ
µоضѹЩ
ףȥĻļѹЩһᱻ绯Ϊҽ
͵ٴλ֣ƴȫܷ񻮳Ѫۡ
ЩѪֻϺеܹƥУȴھԵơ
ˣȻѪʱֹͣǰʱƣѪĺľһοʼ
ʱѪʼҲʼľˡ
ڵҲ޷άԼڰƯģţһӴӿˤ
ҿѪˤеʱһӾͻȻ굽˱֮С
ɵո굽һ̾»Ρ
Ȼ»ָͣȴͣðѪ
ټƤ԰׵ӣһ֪ӡ
ʱһԿϷĻ£æȥסȻʵôˣ
ҡҡͷתͷȥŽܿǱ߿ȥ
ڵĽܿҲŴӾлָһӾ˵ǰڵץ֣ʼĿ
ΡΡ֣ܿ˵ӣȻ϶˵ӦҡӣѪܹϾ
ܿҲûбĿ˵ˣֻǲͣĵͷ
ĻȴЩΣΪ˵Ҳĺӣ˵ЩûаԼĺᡣ
иûаѻµ˵ԼĺӣУֻнܿ˲Ѫ
ܿ˴ӦˣȻ΢΢ЦЦȻ͵þ˦˻µĲ֮վ̧ͷ˿еģεӰ
oӦĵطϿصλȥɡ
˵仰ʱԵôгһҲոˡ
վһԵĻ£⻰ȫǲΪѾǷˣѾ˼Ҵˣƣⲻ
ȻеoǱ仰ˡ
µ˾͸оһɷŭɨı
ҵ֮Уµ˾͸оԼǿ籩еĶľۡ
мѪĳ£Ĺڵţ˸߰ͷ­Уǲ֪Ĵڣˡ
ʹ£ܿЩûй򵹵Ҳ˸߰ͷ­̧ͷεoӡ
ڳֻȻǸ߸ߵ̧Ǹ߰ͷ­һ˿Э
е˺Ҳŭˣֻе翪ʼҵۣ󻯳һɫɫ͵һɫ磬ҹգֱͷ
ۿҪʹɥֻ΢΢һЦеǸϵĲ߸ߵľٹͷ
ŲľһѪɫŨܡ
ɫ磬һӾѪ֮УѪֻǷһ¾˽ɫе
ֻǸոտʼнɫ磬һʼȥ
ܵѪȻ˵ʮֵϾ޸֮ԴտʼʱǿֵһĺľѪҲʼıϡۿһ˿ϾҪơ
ޱ½ѪŵԼǰ֮ٴο
ȵòʱ򣬽͸ڵǿߵѪҺˡ
һȴûй򵹣ǱֱվţȻԼֵһλԼѪѪ֮С
ѪеѪҺһοʼһȫˡ
Ÿ̧߰ͷеѪ˵뽫ϵ֮ӵѪҺڱаɡ
˵仰ЩᶼһΪһػһκѪʼѪҺ¡
ʹǸѪҺҲӦúѪһʼ氮˿ѪҺ
û뵽峤ȻѪĵˣϵ֮ӣѪҺ
ʹϵ֮ӣĻѪҺѪݣֻҪѪҺһŨҵʥ֮лɻҽ
ǰѪʼͣĲڤڤһλ档
ԴͷһŽɫâ۾۹Ͷһߡ
еλεoҲԸо۹Ͷ
λεüͬʱ̧ͷ޾֮С
еĹеֻ۾Եƽ飬ֻɨеһۡ
ֻͶһۣͰеײ񽫶˰֮С
λײҲǰ׸ģѱڿУ̾תе޾ӣҪεĽ
һжͽ͵ģεĴ߶һ̾ͱһְԵĹ˻ȥôǿ󣬶޷ϡ
ţǹе۾һΰ۹Ͷϣ۾¶ζûС
ŵǲѪʱһνɫѪҺ
ѪҺһ֣ڱУ̾ͷųĹȣһӾͰѾҪܵ
޾ĹҪĿռȫҪһ
ɵ޷ƥУʼĺˣȻȫײ񽫵֮ڡ
ײ񽫱ҲѾ˶Է͵һԾһ˲λ񽫾Ϳάȣٵ˵λı߽硣
λ񽫱ղŵǼˣѾ˲Ȼٵ˵
һڵλ渽Ϳʼһ߾ۼ֮ȻĹһǰ
λ񽫼Ҳֻε˺һϾȻǻûе˿Ժ࿹ĵز
λھʮֵıҧҧ±ߣ
һ뿪񽫵壬̾Ϊһ廯һŽɫĹâžλ׹ȥ
Žһ˲Ͽգǵ񽫵Ϊһ塣
ֻŽвͣŤ仯һһɫӰ˵ǰ
ԭ񽫵ҲƾŽ⣬ɾ񽫵һʱĻ
ƾ⻯ռʩչǿʮֹ
ʱѪԥ˺óʱ䣬ڻعͷվĽܿЦЦ֮󣬾ͽѪľٵ˿ڱߡ
ΪΨһѪܿˣϾ׸Ҫʲô뵽Ѫĺܿ˺ϾߺףҪѪҺ
ӵĽֻһλͷ¶һǿЦ֮󣬾ͽѪҺһ


261 ʥ
ڰеײ񽫣ŶԷŽѪҺһо˲õԤС
ղo֣Ǹо˵µѪʩչʲôйصķ
ղǸoܣǸܵģֻһĿܽԼ̶֮У˵λoλҪߵöࡣ
Ȼλײ񽫵ĵĺܿͳˡ
ֻǽɫѪҺ֮󣬻¾Ϳʼų˲õĹâڴ˴γ˵ڶ̫
ײǰͽⲿֿռ͵λĿռ䣬ָƾ˸̫ܰĿⶼ
ֻϿʼĳ鴤ҲͣĲĹâʼһ
ԼʥѪΪѪʥѪ֮һᱻʥѪ˵ʱѾˡ
Ϊ˸ԼĶȡѵĻᣬΪԼʱ̺һλoݣԼѪʷ²õһҳȫȥˡ
ֻеoȥһȫoӰ
ѧЩʦӣԼǰػһʮ֡
Ķǰʮ̾ͻΪʵһɫʮּܡ
غȵаϵڰɡ
˵仰֮ʮּ͵ľеײ񽫷ȥ
ڵλײ񽫣Ǳʮּܸ֮УȻûκεķֱӾͱʮּܸС
еľײûг֡
ʮּܴײ֮̾ͱεķ򣬸ʮּϡ
ţֹڵܵĹޣ뾻ǰаɡ
ϷųĹâӵĲãʧٶҲԽԽ졣
ǰײ񽫵ʮּܣںõһʼҲų貹ââȻγһֽɫĻ棬ʼײ񽫵塣
濪ʼԽԽʢײȻɫŤȴҲ޷ʮּܵ˲òڻ֮л˻ҽ
ײʥʮ֮»ɻҽǸˣһǵĽǹȥˡ
һɣ̾;Լھ٣һɹɾ֮ڲͣľѪ塣
ĬĬһ£⾻ٶȣҲʮ֮Լͻɢ
Լʱ䲻ˣתŻᣬԼĽܿ֡
ҵĶӣ
ܿһ׵ٻæĹ˸׵ǰ￪ʼ͵͵ĳ
ڵĽܿǸо׶ԼŨŨİ⣬ͬʱҲʼΪԼʱԶڡ
ΪһԼ֣ҪһθԼӵӣһȥģľ֮⡣
âûпܿˣܿ˾Ѿоһɻķգǲ԰׵Ƥ̾ͳˮݡ
һ̾Ͱ˻һ֮˵ҵĶԺҪˡ
ܿһ߳һ߻شҵʵûа취ѹҵЩֵܡ
΢΢Цһ£ȻӻȡǸƾɵĲ˵ϡ
ѪƾѪż֮ûκ˸Υ
֣ܿĽУȻ룬˵ףѪ֮ǷкѪ࿹ı
֮ܿôʣǵѪԼأʱԷҪеԼ֪ǿɾҪԿˡ
üȻε˵ӿҪʧˡ
Ѫ֮УʮʥѪֻеһʥ֮Уʮ壬ÿһһʥ
ԽǵļҪһʱݷҪͻ
ܿɫصĵ˵ͷȻᶨ˵ģһ³ç£һüȥ
ĵͷʱ弸ѾɣɢŹֻꡣ
Ϊټһӵʱ䡣
ӣҪúöǸ꣬ǰһ˲õķʦܵ޷ֵʱ򣬿ʦǽ鷳
ܿЩԸ⣬Ȼ˵ںİսȡʤ
֮Уÿһζ·磬һθΪ˸鷳ԼѾȥˡ
ڵĽܿ˿˵Ǻǣ޲ýץһһڵĽ顣
Ҳ֪ܿеĽ٣˵ѾԭȵĽܿˣ㽫ִһ壬ÿһжϵżˣԷЩСӵĳɼɡ
ܿŸ׵Ľ̻壬ֻܵͷ­ͬ⸸׵Ľ顣
ǸҪոʱ֮һνһȻһǿ󣬵磬ȴһҲһײ񽫡
ԭײ񽫵ķ֮γеײ񽫣̾͸ӦˣȻŭ
Ըоooǳ⣬˵oĺļλ֮һ
ʹλײҲûκεҪ֪ڶͥĵ̶
Է£ѵͲĺͥе񷴻
Ҫ֪ЩoȻһǳǿģǱ𶫷ͥoǻҪĺԶ
ΪӹڶƬ֮ϣͲoʩչ
һλoˣҪǲһѵǻΪͥѾˣ޷ˡ
λoҲˣոշֹһϵĺܴһηųԼ
ܿͿάȣµĽٵƬڵ֮Ŀռ֮С
Ľ٣Ͼͱ״̬еӦˡ
͵ػȻоһ󺿽С
ĽϵĹâҲʼŷֱӾȥ
Ѿǿ֮ĩԷĽɫâȻǳҫۣȴѾˡ
ֻеԼǰһ
ǽɫĹâ֮ϣֻһЩŤܿĽɫâ̺
һιͨĹǹ֮γһƣһֱȥ
ȻѾǿ֮ĩǵֵЩеģֻϵĹâʼǣǹâ͵ӶȥֱӾͽµڿռĨȥ
Ҳˣ֪ԼѾûа취ٶԿеoˣӦøϽĽԼĶӺߡ
һιڵĵϵ
ȫ֪ȫܵ㽵º;͵ȫĵط
ϵʥ͵壬ȻЩâסܿ˺Ѫһ˲䣬ʧռ䡣
еǳķŭѾܽҪЩѪһ򾡣ھȻЩ˸ˣȥ


262 һ
oķŭеoһʼñ
ʱµֻʣꡣ
΢ĻȴûЭȻ̧Ÿ߰ͷ­кֵ顣
ײ񽫸ӵķŭһɢڸı⡣
ֻԵͻȻռ͵³ȥȵɢʱ򣬻С
еһ֣¾С
ֻײĿеһۣȻ¶˲мЦ
ʱдһҪеһ֪άȥ
еһ֣ʼԼԿε
еʵ̫ǿˣȻײ񽫲ͣصȴʼƿزסеꡣ
ײڿЩˣԷǵôߣͥĵΪھȻԼϵ꣬ѵΪͥoѾ
ɷŭܿ˳еݵһγȣײ񽫵ϡ
ֻײͻȻ͵һ
оͳһɫѷ죬ײϵҲ͵Ŀʼŷ˳ѷֱеһˡ
еһһɫ̫̫ڷĹͬʱҲ겻ͣͶ
ͻȻ̫ĸѿһӣžôһɽɫ˳ֱӾʹ̫ϡ
Ȼ޴󣬵Ǵ̫ϣȴûиκε˺Ǽŭλ̫
ֻǽɫĻ棬ʼ͵ȼʢ֮󣬻濪ʼӣ˳еѷ죬ֱӾʹ͸άȣ񽫵ԡ
λײΪղŷǳߣԼλߵĴܣս
ϾͷӦԼֻײһСӣܺĴԿ
ûлͷӦεֵԷķŭ
λײֻ΢Ŀһ£̾Ϳʼյγжȥ
Ϊײֻ֪ҪԼջصԼĵ̣ĴҲҰĻͥս
ײȻͣǨԽγǺܿͱһɽɫĻ׷ϡ
ɫĻ֮еĹ񶼱ͬһʹԽԽ׳
׳ײеҲԽԽңײ񽫲ʧĻֻǷˡ
ײҲǸݲ磬ҧҧֱӾһе֮ϡ
Ǳвͣ꣬һ̾ͻһ̣ʧ֮С
ײ񽫵ĶǼŭں׷ǽɫĻ档
ֻǻ͵ٴθȻѸײڶٶȣֱţ񽫵ıϮ
һҪǴʵˣͥıӻҲûɢ
ãײȻһֱܣȴûзɶԺ׷ľ裬һ̾ͽԼбŵĸֱȥ
ֱ޿ɲͨķͥΪײ䷢ı
ֱֻһ뿪ײʱ̾۳磬͹Юֱޣֱǻӭͷײȥ
ǻӭͷײĸֱ޿Ҳֱײϡ
ǻһиֱޣǸֱϵ磬̾ͺһȫ
Ǹֱ޺񷢳һžǽɫĻ֮ڻһŽɫʡ
ǻɫĻЮʣһμӿٶȡ
ײۿžҪ׷ϣоͿʼӿˣһɾ
ǽɫĻ棬Ҫ׷ײ񽫵ʱͻȻ֮д޾֮̾
޹һп򡣡
޹Ȼһ
Щ֮֮̾нһ̨ϵ
ֻŷţްӷ𡣡
ŷŵУ̾ͷų徻⡣
徻⣬ѸٵɨһƬպγȡ
ǽɫĻ汾ǳʢǱ徻һɨ̾ϨȥһɫӰ
Ӱ˿еûж˵ʲôֻлһŻȻתǽɫͨ
еĹǸӰ뿪Ҳû˵ʲôֻתͷײ˵һȻһ񣬵ǶԷ֣ܳҲԹ㣬»صٻǡ
ײ񽫶ϢǷǳеģһֵʱ򣬾͸ӦλٻĵϢͬԴġ
Ӧ֮λüͷֻ΢һ£ţѵǷǸҲλĺ֣ĻδӦǷѾˣɵûȥϱһ÷ռȻ
˵ڼеһֱϥʱʵѾײһ
ֱײ񽫻عͥŴӶѹ
㳤ĳһ۾վŴߣڵҹգһۡ
ղһΣ̫ˣԴ޵гɣеΪҵһս
һǿ۽ˣʥӳ֣λ𶼻һǰȥ׷ɱ񽫡
ҪԼʱһΣٻ˹ǰµʱԱײ񽫾ҪɥڶԷ
Ҳǳ֣Ҫ˵ʥȻҲûе˿޼ɵƶͥĵز
Ϊķɾ˹ǶԶǳ˽⡣
˵ǵ̵壬Լŵλʥˣֻ˵ͥеλoͲЩˣǵġ
һʥ˾Ȼ˹ֱӿԽάȣ˶ĵϣʩչͨ
ѵʲôԼ֪˵ͶͥĳЩĬ
Լ̫Ѩ²ԼСģӦľŵõɣٵʱʸΪһöˡ
˵Ϊ֣Ͳ룬Ǽλеĵλ¾λʥˣҲûа취ײȥ
˼ʱһɫҡҡλεĴߣ֮óĴ
̾ʹˣ̾Ƿ֮һ𣬵ȵɢȥ֮ǺеѾһˡ
λ˼㣬̵ϥ򣬵ͷأ˵ΰˣʾߵľ⡣
ƲһۣȻ˴ߵʵǱʲô
ʵѾһߵ˽òˣ֮ʻҲΪԼһЩơ
𾴵ˣղŷһǰδеĴսǼ峤Ѿʧȥ
˵ʱ۾һμĹâ̧ۣ֮͵͵Ŀһ£ȻϽ¼˵峤ܿˣѾ׼̳ģصŷȥô죿ʾ¡


263 Ǯ
˻µĻһ£һʹõǼ۽󿪡
ԼõѪĻԼʵͻһض
۹Ͷ±ߣŵĻϡ
˵Ǹܿ˵峤ǸѪӦϰɣ
ˣ˵ӦԴ뿪ǸյĿռ֮ҾҲûмѪ
ʱܿǷ뿪ߣǻɽܿ˳Ŵûע⣬Ѫ
ҲûͻشûУʱܿû뿪ҵߡ
ǸѪȥĶЩյʵ
¼ˣæͷ­ٿ۾
Ҳû˴𰸣εҡҡͷվ˼Ȼ͵Ļͷ˵ȥŽܿˣϣܾõѪ䡣
ķԸһ£ͻȻʵлܿˣȡʥǷж
΢΢һЦȻ˵лõʥȻܴᡣ
˵֮һضԷҪܹȡʥҲǸԼ˴󹦣ҪЩʹ͡
£һܹûʥˣһʹͣҪʱһʹһЩ޵ѪҺܹɹ
Ļ¶˾ϲӣû뵽ֵϾȻ޵ѪҺ
Ҫ֪Ѫ˵ǿѪҺõĲƷ
һϵѪҺǿĻӾ
ӾۣǶѾʼѪ˵ӾʵѾ˵ˡ
ģһΪȡѪ
ĵͷȻһ֣˼û¿Իȥˣʡõʱ䳤˱ܿ˻ɡ
ǻ˼֮˵˴ڣȻһ񣬽Ŵ򿪴͵Ծȥ
ͻһɺ̣͵һͱһֻ֮ĴĳԶȥ
ߣŻʧķ¶һ˿΢Ц
ӽԿѪ廹Щֵ̣ҲһЩģԼܹƾ´Էڲ֪ЩľϢǾ̫ˡ
Ѫ屦ĴԼӣɵǾ¶˵΢Ц
Ĳ԰εʱͻȻű졣
ͷʲôأ˷Ҫ˯ѽӷ⴫
͵ľѹȻܿ˿Һû˿ĳ̬ظ֮һµۣ˷š
һŴ򿪣ȲĴ˽ȻԴڷĴһ£ȵһʱŹĿһۡ
迴Щ˼ȻԼûʲôܺԼĸƢ
Ͻӵ˿С
Ȼص֮ΰƲһۣȻǲõ˵ȻѾˣǾûҪٰŷˡӽ쿪ʼ˯ɳ
˵֮ûվͷСȥˡ
һֻεʼ磬˭ԼеĵλأԼֵɳϴպˡ
һ˱ԻݣϢȥ˿Уֻһõδ
ڶ죬ľȰСڷѣȻ·һ׼֮ͣϽС͵ѧУȥ
ȵЩ鶼֮صеʱѾǾŵˡ
صңĸѾȥȥˣĸ׻ڳʰ
㳣һոɳһǲǻصȥмˡ
ӳ̽ԴڿɳϣүһŵϿȥţΪԼǴүѽ
ϽվǱȥš
һվŵǸϿͻأվżһˣСһѵĶ
ؼŵ㣬̾¶˲õ΢Ц
ڼѽ
һ۶TеһѾõ㱨ˣںԼ˵⻰ⲻ֪
Ҳú˵תȥҲƨƨߵĸ˹ȥ
صֱӾɳϣŸ˵ϰ壬ɡ
صĻŸվԱߵɳϡ
ʱڳҲص˴ӳи˳
ֻصһۣͿļСӣеĴС
ϾüЦĴǰȥӼСｫӹһ߻ͷЦ˵ϰ̫ˣɣôණ
ʱҲЦĻشֵʲôǮһС⣬Цɡ
úúãϰ̫ˡ˵ʱ򣬻ɳϵʹ˸ɫ˼úýӴ˼ҡ
קöӣЩˣݺݵصһ㡣
Ͽȥкϰ壬Ÿʲôɵһ
ĸ׵ѵ⣬æһɫЦʵϰþòˣһʲô¶
صȵľ仰΢ЦԱߵһʹһɫ
ϽĴӻеĹİͳһļУȻ˫ֵݵصǰ
زûнļУԱŬŬ죬̾ͽļ͵ǰ
ز˵ǰһʱ˵үҪһ׷ӣֵһ÷Ծʹ۸үӡ
˵ʱؽ輸ϵļ㣬ơ
ļѾˣһ
㲢û̶ֻ֣۾غóʱ䣬ȥļ
ļУһ׷ӵĴ챾ԼӵԿס
Ѵ챾򿪣ϱ߷ݲȨѾΰ
ԱߵأʲôᣬæĽ͵дֵģǺһ룬Ѿˣ֤ⷿд֣һ˷ˣ
㲻ÿɷؽļ·˲輸ϣȻʵⶫǰ׸ǵİɣʲôҪ˵ɣ֪ģ޹»
ʻЩ˼ĵͷ֮˵Ǹ׼ĸĹŮӦ֪ɣ
ĵ˵ͷ
˵鷳Լˣϣܹ֣һ֮
˵ʱ̧ͷϽĲ°֮һл
һ£ԼȻѾɾɣλҲѾߡ
ԼȴǮϷǳѷȻ˵ʶ˼ϰ壬Լ󲿷ʱ䶼Ʈţûа취Ƽ˵Ͼڵķʵ̫ˣ׬˼ʮǮҪȻǱˮн
ɴ࣬ͳݺݵһʣ㹻ĳƱһ¼˺ŮִܹǣҲԼûк֮ǡ


264 
֮󣬱Цأ֪ϰʲô£ֻҪܰ쵽ľƴǡ
ĻǴϲΪһʮֵĲ˳û뵽ֱӾʹӦˡ
ġ˵˵ر㿪ʼ˵ʱ䷢顣
ԭԴصͬȷϵ֮һҺŮŮĹϵԽԽܣظɴԼԱߵһҲ˹רŮɷס
ǰһʱ䣬٣TеľƵоеĻ
Ůɷ᲻뿪ŮѾҰᵽtŮŮ°뱲ӡ
粻ֹŮЩ˵Ǻ绽꣬һǳ˼ɻĹŮ
ҪŮЩǵˣ඼ǰ
ŮΪԼǿͲ⣬һƫƫͳ⡣
һŮɢ;ͷĿûˤڵϡ
ɷ۰ӣһϽȥҽԺ
ҽԺһļţĽһ
ԭŮûʲô⣬ֻЩƶѪѪѹҲЩ͡
ҽΪŮʱЩӪˣȥһЩӪûˡ
ǵȵŮ˻ص֮Ȼ˵ǴҲ˲٣ƶѪ֢״ûмᣬӵļˡ
һӦϾµҽԺˡ
ŮôҲǹŮһЩа黹Ǻ˽ģϾ͸оԼ岻Ծ
ӦòԼ˲Լͷ˷ˡ
ڹϵԼŮҲҵڵϾڼ׼һңʼ
ŮΪԼ置б£óżֽΪ֮ӦûʲôѵõԼ
տʼʱ򲢲ô⣬һٲûԼϵĻǱԼڵһ˳
һ̾ͺŮݺˣʼŮѪŮЩϲ
Ůڲźˣ绰ǰѯϵ׷ʲô£
ǽȴǳʧĸĹŮҲûһ˸һȷеĴ𸴡
Ů;Լ֪ٲ취ԼۿҪûˡ
ȻԼûа취ôֻҸˡ
ŮʶУֻˡ
ΪŮŰأϵ顣
ضŮеȻǷǳĵģϾ˴ʱ
Ҳɺϣܿ죬ΰҪӵϢʹϵĶ
һ°ǷˣȻβЩͷۣǶΰˣΪܹԸġ
һʱ˼εܿͺΰˡ
ڽȻȻľᵽŮ飬޵ıͷӵԸ
ΰһͨϰգûʲôҰģǻһЩСС̰ĵġ
һ˰ͷȻϲ⣬֮صֻöһٷ£ΰ̾͵ظ֤һذѻ
˲ʱ顣
صڣҲûΰľһһʮ㶼˳
Ϊ֪ﲻɳӵģҪ֪ԼǰˣС˼ʱ򻹲ֳ֪ʲôء
صǶԵģǰ֮üͷȻɫõ˵ˣС˼ˣҲϣ顣
ǣˣԺᷢ顣Ȼãе˼ӦԭԼһˣǸϽĵǸ
ڿ˼Ȧһصɲ򵥡
ŮҲǼģʿ֮УŮҲһͷ
Ǿһ置ĹŮȻ˷֪ɼ·˿ɲƲ硣
ԼִǴ˶೤ʱ䣬󲿷־Ҫ磬òΪŮ˶ǿУ
ɳϵؿһϺ꣬üͷضȲ֪ҵĽ档
£ҪЩ룬㲻һܹӦɽ
Ϻüͷһ壬۾һת⣬㲻ʳ˼̻𣬵Ҫѽʱͣһ㸸׻ˣ֪ʲôһｵһ
ڿصĶɲ˼Ÿòðصʱ򣬷һ죬ĸΰ˽
ɳϵأһΰˣվΰǰΰ֣Ϳʼ
ʱΰѾؼˣСͷ
Ϊһ򸻺ƽٶܵ͵ͷɼƷ
ڼϿĺԼ׽ҲǺɫĺͶԷ˼ҳ
ţһΰѻĵ׼Ůϡ
˵Ůʱǳüչ̾
ΰŮҲǶ֪һЩģڿسϽһ԰οͬʱ۾
ΰӿһѾˣΰԼϽӦԷ
ԼԴɳǰķ֤ľʹӦԷֻһ׷Ӿ뻻ŮһҲ̫˰ɡ
룬Լʱ϶Էһʱ䣬ֱԷĴ۲ܹӦ
˵˵³֮ٸлûκεӡ
뷨֮У⿪̳£ͺһտʼӦðеϡ
˵³֮л˭֪лʲôһлǼأҲǿˡ
ΰ뷨һԼһ£ϾЩˡ
㣬ϰ͸֣Ͼһˡ
ĬĬĿ˸һۣȻ˵Ĵ£ͱˡ
Ȼһֱͷ۽ǵһֱĸ׶ˣһϾǼˣϾƽ
ֻ̧ͷϹǿ΢ЦָǰǸ֤˵ҴӦϵܵķӣ
ΰһϾЩΣϵԼ˼ԺĴȻЩ˼ȻǷ֤Լǰһ
ֻ֤дţӵƽףҷݵĲȨ˻Լ
ΰŷ֤Ѿʼ۹
ܿѹ̧ͷ¶Ц˵ϰ壬ھ͸Ǯȥǰ˵õĶʮɣ
һΰӣ֪һ룬Ͻٽ˵˵ʲôǮ¶ϸѽǮûϣ㰲ĵסţǮͲҪˡ
˵仰ʱ۾һת˵ĻЩǮĻҸҸͶʵķ򣬱һ֮ڷʮ


265 
ΰᵽͶĿǳĸȤ
ϰ壬һͶʣôô󣿡
ΰĻֱģôߵĻرʣⲻҸ磬ǮˣѵĺͿⶼˣ
ԷȻʣϻǿҵһɡ
ⲻǰһʱ䣬Ͷһٹ·ڻһЩʽҪϵܵЩʽע룬ŹӦúܹܿ깤ʱһ׬
Աֱ죬һٹ·Ͷʽʮϣѵȱΰ⼸ʮͿ˹
ΰûص˼ǷǳȤ˵ĻôҵǿͶһЩҲΪһЩס
˵ΰһ룬ڳӣǼһжǮ
һᵽǮ飬̾ʹӳ˳Ƕɳϵص˵ͷǴкȻͰΰһߣʵô£Ǯʲô
ţղϰ˵һͶĿرʮŰǼҵǮͶȥֻҪһ׬ԺǼҾͲԴˡ
⻰۾ˣеؿ˿ȻϽΰȥС䡣
ȵһݣѷŹؽ֮̾ʹ
ǲɵˣϵڱ飿Ͷʻرʮ˵Ҫ£ߵ˻Դ
ΰ˼æ֣˵С㣬
˵֮ΰֺõ˵ţֲɵѵ֪ôߵĻرǲ𣿡
㻹ҪǮҪǰǵϱȥԺô죿
ţ㻹Ϊɵѽѵ㿴ϰûʲôͶĿⲻǱŷǮء
Ѿ͵ķ𣿻ǮʲôԭȻһֱڳǶȴһֱſе̸Ѿ֪ˣظһ׷ӡ
ҪңҸ;仰׼ĸƽ
ΰ˵꣬仰Եõ˵ȻǮҲͲˣǼҵǮͶȥʱʮǡ
֮һϲǺܿüͷ
һ󲻳ô죬ʱǲǼɵ򡣡
ΰһЦҪǸӣǶӻܷŹ
һҲϾðһĽ⣬ǼһʮЩǮȥ
ϾֺʲôŷԸֺ²һˣȥʱöӰ˽ǮóһͶȥغú׬һʡ
˵֮ʹҴҵķ䵹񣬺ܿͰп˳͵ΰС
ΰп뿪˷䣬»ص˿Ц˵ϰЦˣƽյû档
˵仰֮ΰֶһŵԸ˽ǮҲóѵϰ忴ǣһͶĿôܲ
㿴ŸףȻϴЦݣ۾ȴ͸Σգ˼ԼóǮû취ˡ
ûа취ֻ˵˽ǮҲֻ࣬ʮҪҪͶȥɡ
ΰ֮Ц۾ˣúúãҲģȵϰ˷ֺ죬һֲذǮ㡣
ΰֶһԵ˵ϰ壬ǼһܴһЩǮ𣿡
ؿΰֺõЦݣֱѪ
صиߣһظΰĺôҲû뵽ΰȻܲˣѼеǮͶȥˣһҪİԭȸʮĻرĻóȥһǧ
ԼѾѻ˵ȥˣҲղˣֻǴˡ
û⣬ϵܰǮ׼ãҸ绰Ǯȥ꣬ʮĻرʣһٲ㡣
ǾͺãǾͺá
ΰĵͷȻһعͷ˵㿴ϰǼҶ๻˼Ҫʲôͷϣɲѡ
㿴ѾǮ۵ĸ˵ʲôֻתͷ˵ðɣϰղ˵飬ˡ
ãʹ졣
ǲ֪ŮʲôطҪ̫ԶĻҿɲȥ
ܷģŮھڱУֻҪǳ˳Сʱ͵
ðɣȻôǶʱɣʲôʱ򷽱㣬ȥ
ض飬ȻΪԽԽáΪһŮѾŲ˶೤ʱˡ
˳֪ʱ䡣
룬Լ⼸ȷʵû£Ǿ˵Ǿɡ
ãǾô˵ˣɳ
˰˵֮ΰˣ˼֮󣬾鷱æΪɸˡ
ȵߣΰĸڿ֮ͿʼԹ
ϰ֣Ҳ̫Ǯۿ˰ɣҲʲô¶ֱӴӦԷ
С˵ʲôأΪ˭ΪͷҺѾʹˣܼ죬Ǯġ
ȴ飬Թ˵Ҳ̫Լˡ˵ˣǮܸʲô¶
ΰЩˣ̫۹˰ɣһһǧΪǮҪǮŹ
Сӱ̫֪㣬㵽ҪǮŹ
㷭˷۶Ȼ˵ұţһֱӾͰһⱲӵǮ׬ƻˣǮֻǼһѡ
ΰĴ㣬ֱ¡
Сӱ̫֪㣬Ϊ³㣬˾Ͱ첻¶˰ɡ
㿴ΰòᣬҲæס죬ʵȴ
ԼţЩ飬ϳңı˰첻ɡ
ʱ䣬ΰڶƲһߣԼһǮ֮ô
ΰһ׬ǮҪ
ҲΰһĲںΰĺõͷУܶ˶Ѿ˳ˣֻΰǰ
ÿһξۻʱ򣬱ΰЩгͷмһˣΪ˷ԴʵĽء
һ˻ᣬȻҪ͵һΪԼҪ
Ϊһ֮ۿҪһǮΰҲࡣ
İ壬ֻҪǮˣ͸ΰһʮڵĳ
ΰ֣ҪǱտˡ
ͿʼǮ֮Ҫ򼸼Σ˵εʱݺݵĵΰһۡ
Ҫ֪ǽʱΰĸǸεġ
һҼΪϲģʱΪӣʹˣŻһЩǮǾסҡ
ҲΰǰԹģΪҪΰб£Ͳڽұˡ
ΰҲΪԼ϶Բ˲Ŷãļͥλһֱ½


266 Ѫ˥
ڶϰ˵ӵʱոСڷȥѧսţûȳԿڷأߵķžֱˡ
ȥŴһЦǶվء
ڵУλǼߣǼҡǮһˣЦݵĽغӭ˿
Ƚ˼ţ㻹Ű̿һ˼ҡǮ
㱾һ¼ӣ̫ľ棬æվӭɳϡ
֮󣬸һԵ˸ɫ
ǸæĴԼȡһµСӣ˫ֹĵݵǰ
ˣôˣ
ظϽĽ͵ʱûбôУҼһ͸ôˣ
ûнӣһ㿴ȥ˼ܲգ
΢΢ĵһͷЦݵĽӹӣȻ˵ô˼ÿһζƷѣҪûȥϱá
ȴץǸӣҪؿ˵ջĺ˼Ҽ
òãЩˣǮԼȥ
ǰŵԼĿڴȻЦݵ˵̸¶ȥǵȥ
˵֮ͱȥˣء
ؼ˳ȥתֺõ˵ûʱ䣿
㿴Էӣ֪ǶԷԼˡ
㿴ڶԷһγѪķϣҲΪ
ýпգȥ¶ɡ
ã
صһԼõļȫϣųų裬Һϰ³ȥһˣ粻ˡ
ڳصȥСĵ¶
Ӧһسš
ͣһͨʮֵĵ͵ƽŵϿʮֵͨ฻ŶǺ顣
㿴ǵ͵
Ե黹ûк͸Ͻǰ˳Ź˳ڸʻϡ
֮һ·Уܿصĺ
Ҳ֪ǲ뿪ʱǰˣʱڱſڣصһ˶ء
ոſͣ£õµӶȥţپͼæſڣĴ˳
˳˿ֻĵ˵ͷ
ʱصĶҲѾӭ˫ץֲͣҡš
ղһɺã
ƶ廹㲻ʩˡ
ʱҲˣŶ˵ſ˵ˣȥ̸
ǣҺͿˡ
һ˾һӭ˿֮С
ȵ֮Ҳ뵢󹦷ֱӾʵϰ壬λ׼ĸʲôطǸϽˡ
һæһԵ˵׼ĸôˣܲܵ
ԵģȻĸ߱ȽѣҸ׿ΰ͹
УϿ㸸״绰׼ĸ͹һ
֮󣬸Ͻ绰
ûӣؼҵˣӶǴһȻٵĸŮˡ
ټĸˣϽȥ˸׵İ࣬ĸƵ˿
ʱй´һλλ置ĹŮŮ
ֻλԭȴѾݵĲˣƤ԰׵ıЩѪҪ
ҪǣڵŮѾǻ˯޾ɡ
ղż㣬Ҳֻ̧̧Ƥ㿴Ρ
վߵŮԣȻΧתһȦüͷ
ղŮһ㣬Ѿۡ
ķ֮УŮĻ²ûκε
ΨһеľǣŮѪڲͣɢݵռС
һЩΪˣ⵽ǵ˲Ů˱˵ķ
ɳ֮ʼ˼
еˣڶѻȸĶ㣬´˼
һǿ˵ˡ
ŮΪеķô£
ŮĿһ²ͣȴû˵
üվŮ󣬽֣Ůĺġ
ʱŮоϴһЩܿľȫѾʼľ壬һ˸о
һֱŮ٣ɫ̾ϲؽ˳Ͼסͣ溦´㡣
֪Ůһ㣬ʵǿԼԴԴͣϴˢ壬ʹʱһ˿ֻҪԼ뿪ĺ󱳣Ůͻ»صԭȵӡ
ϵ׷ʲôʵ
ŮҲ֪Լڵ״ǿű֧ţ֧ųòˣǸϽĻش𣬡ҸоһڲͣҵɵٶԽԽ졣
֮üǺĲһŮûκε
˵𣿡
˵ǧȷ
һ룬ŮӦǲѵģΪûʲôô
ĻЩ鷳ˣʲôֶξȻùԼۡ
ڤ˼ʱͻȻ֮оԼķʧٶȾȻȸղſһ˿
Ǵ󾪡
㿪ʼоעԼʧķ
Ҳ޳ɽ𵤵ˣһɢľǺӴ
ܿľͰ嶼סÿһϸ˶ľء
һ˿һ̽УǷ֣Ůĵﲿλһɼ޵̾š
ǰȫͬ
˵ǻֻ̧һ޵ϢڲͣӰŮ塣
޵ϢһֱŮڵѪͣɢݵܵĿռУʹ岻ͣ˥ȥ
㷢˶֮󣬱ɿ֣ϿŮķ֧š
һ뿪ķŮۿɼٶ˥ȥɫһαò԰ףҲ±ήҲ
ؿüͷվɽŮҲ֪ʲôϽǰһʵôˣô£
Ůʿȷʵˣַֻһͷһμ
ͣһ£Ȼ͵ǱŮʿڵǹʮֵޣֻ˵һϢҸղʩչۣûвڡ
ô죿ûа취⣿
ַҴûм޵ϢѾŮʿĹ裬ұõһЩõϢ֪һɵķܹ֢ҩ
Ļ˶㿴ңҿ㶼Щ֪ˣΪ㶼֪ⷨЩ˿¸ûа취˽ⷨǰ


267 ָ
Ҳûа취תͷŮɷʵʱûʲôֵ
֮ϸһ£ȻҡҡͷʱһֱTУûлص置ÿ̫࣬벻
ЩΣҲⷨԴͷˣһֻǿƽ⣬ڳɻǲɣǾҪԷˡ
ڣҲоһ˿ΣԼȻ޳˽𵤣ҲɵֻԼа֡
Ҫˣв졣
ڲ֪𵤲˵еأҲС˵˵һ޳ɽ𵤾ܹ
˼ʱǰʵѵûа취𣿡
ˣû˵ַҲ֪ƽ֮취ǿƽ⣬ǲ֪Ǹǻ
תͷͿһˣûа취Ů
˿̱ϵӣֿ˿棬ޱ²ġ
ôҲŮɷ򣬶Щ߶߶黹Ǻ˽ġ
һ֪ƽ֮ҪǿʩĻĽʹǽŮϵŮҲЩ˺
ʱɳһֱûп˵ͻȻ˵ﻹЩѣ翴һļأҲܹзʲôߡ
һ仰λ
ڿɲǹŴһ鷳ڿϢᣬϵͳѾ鲼˴С
ãϿϵѣ׼ĸʱгȫһݣһңûֵˣ
˷Ըȥ绰һ»ص˿Ȼ˵ѾϵˣҲҪʱ䣬ȵʱ͹
ǺãǾϢһ£ȵʱٿʲô˸㲻˵
Ȼ㿪ˣôȻᷴϾΪ׼һͷ
ȵǽ͵ͷ֮תͷ˵ҲϢһ£ȵ翼͹˵ɡ
رƣԼĶͷҲȥϢˡ
ʱһ˶ûԷֻڷнһЩȻԵ˵档Ҳû⡣
ӵʱͨ罫Ƶ˹
һһ̾Χ˵ǰʼڵѰɵĵˡ
ӰǴǰϿʼģʱŮȻǰƽϢӵľʱʼСɢ
ȻؼҳԸ緹֮һֱûгʱȥ̳йһȦһЩ·
֮ؼҳԷһʱǳĹɶĸҲûзʲôֵˡ
žǵڶϵʱȻûʲôŮȥ˵ʱڳеſŮͣһ¡
µ߽˳С
ǰƵһ飬ȻûзŮ⼸ʲôֵˣһ´ҿû취ˡ
ڴҰ㿴ңҿ㣬һĪչʱͻȻ˵ڵڶ쳬ſڣĸͣһ£ҾӦ⡣
ٵĻˣϾͰƵȥ˵ڶ죬ŮڳſڵһΣʼٶȣϸĹۿ
ȻǿŮڳſ͵ͣһ£ûмӣͺһȥ
ҿʱж͵һ뷨ǾӦþʱ
Ӱ֮ĸӵϸˣտʼʱûʲô֣ǾиŬھͷһһֵˣָ̧Ůķ
һ´Ҷˣһ˶Ů֡
Ҷ벻ףŮô˽˳ˡ
ſھͷǰǸ˵ӰϸĹпʲôߡ
һü̧ͷʵûио˴ʮֵأһķΣһʱ벻ǰһ롣
֮ΧȥϸĹۿˣͻȻӲܻ㾪˴ĺǰ޵ˡ
һ⻰Ҳһʲô
ǰˣǰһʱȥεʱЩ˻ݹ˴ĺЩ˷ǳ񡣡
һ룬Ȼ˵ϲһ飬޵ʲôصķ˵ûУ
ķԸеļжǸԴԼĵԣѰŰ˵Ĵ˵
ҲϢᣬϼԲ鵽ϸκεϢ
οⲢʲôǳص顣
ܿ죬;˵ǿǲǺĸǳ񣿡
ĻһԵӿȥſǰϢ
ԭϢǰ޵صţ
˵ǣ19564Ѯһ³µͻȻز޷ʣܽʳͺˮ
˼æ÷ɻ͵ҽԺǸ˸ּ飬ȴ鲻κβ
ֵǣȴطƣΪѱָ϶ˡֻҪҽԺʦΪ
ȻҽԺǿά죬ȥ
֪ˣ˵УܾжԶ磬ɱֱƳһɱ˹ǣִˡָ
֮⣬2006ʱҲһƵ¼ݺͬС죬Ƿ֮󣬱ͷʩչˡָ
ʱ򣬴ҶһëȻĸоµĻôַʵ̫ˣָֻһ˾һ˾Ҫ˵
㿴Ϣ̫Ѩ֪ŮĲѾҵˡ
ȴӵ鷳˵ģָָֻܻ֮죬Ůǵ졣
Ҷǳľ֣رϵŮ֪ԼϾҪʱҲûǰ置Ůķ緶һֱڻ
صɳϣ۾һ룬Ȼ͵˵һԣܲܰγֹŹֵ䡣
Ļ۾ҲҪ֪ʿ֮Уͷһλġ
ãҪʲô׼
׼һķ̳Ȼ󣬰ЩƷ򣬾Ϳˡ
ãԵƬ̣ȥ׼
˵֮ϽһԵһɫӵ׵ʾ⣬̾ͳȥš
һͽ߰˸ӶˣʼŴĸְ裬ܿоͱڳһյء
һ˿յص룬ȻǸֹϹƷ֮
ɽŮҲǹŮԼЩҲֳɵģ˺ܿһªķ̳˴롣
һа׵֮㿪ʼ
㲢ûжߵŮԱߣһδ壬ͬʱųԼľϸĸӦϢϢ


268 а
֮ʩ֮ǰһθӦŮ壬ΪͻȻоŮһ޵Ϣڲͣ׳
һӦȴ޵ϢھȻʼųһĲЩŮ忪ʼٵİܻ
Ǻ͸ղŵĸӦȫĲͬˣѵǸʩˣѾԼһ׼䣬ԼӿŮٶȣ
ԷЩµģȻܹǰӦΣȡͨķ
ٵˣٵȵĻŮɥǰ
㼸˷ǰ˷̳ϵľʼ̤
գ㼱ٵ̳ǰȡ˻Ʊֽͻ˼ʦɷ
ʦɷתͷһվŵ˵⼸䣬еĴϡ
ǰһӹݹķ䣬˵±ߣȻʼķҲͣߣһеŴϱ㶼ʦɷ
֮ҪôɣҪʦɷǶԵзŮĸӦ
һλʦɷȻһ룬˱Ŵ
һеʦɷͿʼ޻ȼһͻ˻ҽС
һλص˷̳ǰȻȡһƿ׾ƣеľƵУʦɷĻҽһš
ƣʼߣͣպеľƣ
һ䶼߱飬еĽ䶼ɨ˷ơ
ʽ֮ٴλص˷̳ǰʼ飬飬˽񽫣а֣٣뷡
꣬Ҳʼͣ𵴡
𵴵ƵԽԽһֹ򣬶ȵ𵴺ΪһʱͻȻĳһ֮
ⴿ֮ܿͽһɨա
ⴿ֮ļɨŮ壬ֻϲһ˿𵴣ڵ֮ȴûκεá
Ҳ֮Уһ
ҲǾЩ֣û뵽Լʩչ̳Ȼ޷֮
秵İ취֮û취ˣֻʩչԼɱﵣ׷
֮͵ڷ̳һģ֮ڷ̳ϼٻ
֮񣬵ػ׽飬ؾ£նа𾫣
ոյ꣬ϱһ硣
㽫ٳ˷ĩ֮һ¡
֮㿪ʼ̳ǰĬĬĹԼʹ
ʩչ׷Ϊص䷨
룬Ϊʹߣ岿ϵ¶аǰⲼռ䡣
ߵΣڴУɽ˱ƣ㷽һڱϢΪһ֣´ϣȦĬһ׶ף
ȵһ׳֮Ǹոջɵ
վһԣЩе٣оǵ֮лɣôԶоԼ꿪ʼҡǰһͻ֮»ҽ
͵ת̳Ůǰϣֵ֮ü
һתأתɷûתת׻𾪣תתɽת޵ͷһʮֲΪ֮²ö
һ꣬ŮϵͿʼ޻ȼ
ŮҲоһɼǿ֮˳ֱ塣
һ֮л磬֮ڵе֮һɶ
Ȼ˵֮ˣյľҲܵˡ
Ҳ˲ЩˣȱҪھˣԺĵҲԡ
ɼǿҵ磬ֻһ˲Ůĵ֮ϣǵ֮ǹϢҲ˷Ӧʼ͵ķŮĵϿʼս
ֵŮĶͷ˳⾭ͣĸӦŮе
һоԼµ֮ѾʼŮ֮ûб
㵽˾ЩüˣԼģЩ޵аȻĿǣһ֮ȻҪ޹
УʧԼӡ
۾֪ͨͻȻð˺⣬Ȼ뿪Ůǰ߻صķ̳ǰʼһľ̤
һطݣҪʩչʮ䡣
ɲôʩչģΪҪٻ칬еʮλ½ӳԼķ֮ϡ
һ˸ûǸʸٻô١
Ҳ޳ɵĽ𵤣ΪҲЩϵˣŸǿʩչ䷨
ֻ㣬̤
ʮԱͽħȥգ˱ۻа࣬󽫾ʶӶʥ𣬸ЭʥǬķ̳Ԫ˧ͳչͨţԪ˧ն׽Ĵ󽫣޶λػҶ⣬֣Ӣչ֣ͨͨ๫¿Ԫ˧ںɹãԹ󽫣ȱ¶ɹ٣ˮչͨɽ󽫣̫ʮԱͽ뵽̳ǰаħ̳ͽ룬뵽ǰ̳չͨаħᷨаɱһȫ룬ʮ
֮вһ𵴣Ҳʼ޾γƮɢ
Ϣܿľ͵һҫ۵ĹŸ
һӴϢ̹âʢžͷֳʮС򣬿ʱͿռγȣ˵ĸ
ʮŹ޷£ȴųһֵͣȻʼ֮͵ǰһ󣬺ʹʱͿռıݣһȥ
ʱ߱ʱȻо̳ǰʮ
һϲ֪ԼķʮٽΪԼӳַˡ
ľصĻ裬ľĻ裬ʮܵʲôʼ˳ľ趯ķз
ľָʮŮǰ֮ľ͵ĵŮüġ
Ķеʮ͵˳ĽһӿŮ塣
һŮĸо֮УǿһʹǸоһɹɨԼ˵ľ
ɨ˵ľȻ˲ͿʼˡԼ֮ǰܻѪҲʼٵĻָ
ʮʼѭ½һתһתŮĵﴦ


269 ɢ
һʮһŮڣ͸оڵǹɭϢʼ
ָо֮ŮǰδеϲѾˣΪԼڽͻȥү
û뵽ʱ̣ʹ˱£Ȼ̵Ϣˡ
ָŮĶͷʵѾ뵽Ůڣʮһ·ǰկܿ͵˵ﲿλ
ʮǻ۳һţȻһԵӿ뵤
޵Ϣһֱ̾ڵﵱĳѨЮЩһ뵤̾Ϣķ
ǣⷴҲͽ͵ģЮЩӿŮĵһ˲ͰŮڵȫųȥ
Ůĵ֮Уֻʣͳ޾Լڵ̾Ҳ뿪ǹ޵Ϣ
Ҫ˵޵Ϣ֮ѲУΪܣһ˸ֲټ
Ůĵ֮УֻͳԼϢʹҲΡ
һ¾ûʲô˵ˣͳЩ֮͵ǰһ壬ܿľͰѽ޵Ϣȫĳɢ
֮֮Ĳͣĳˢ£ʧӰ١
㳤һȻָ뿪ŮĶͷһ
һվŵټ˺󣬼æĿʵʦĸôˣ
Ʋһ֮󣬱㵭˵ҲĸڵѾƶˡ
һ仰óƵĿ÷
رһֱվԱ߳ĬѾЩ
ʱ˷ǳѹÿ쿴һһ˥һһı
ĺҲЩܲסˡ
һƲɢˣҲĵˡ
æҵģѾʼָŮͻصķ֮С
ڿ֮Уغ˹ؽ뵽鷿
鷿֮еλϣ˼ҷһ㡣
ŴѾ˲ų⣬İõ˵Ĺά
˺һزͣ˰ķеĻ˵һʵڵġ
һξǸҼҵ׼ĸ䣬ѱԺٱ˰㣬ΪԷһ˵ܲܰæҳ
΢΢طеĲ豭һۣȻ˵˵¶ҿɲóӦҵı¡
˵ǣֻǾҵˣҲûа취Σ֮УԻ
ҡҡͷӦ顣
Ϊ¿ͷǳΣŮ˶ѾTУȻǱ׷ˣʩ԰㣬˵˶Ѿ֮ǡ
һԼҵʩʦôסȻưոݣһγ֣ʱܰԼһҲˡ
ؼҡͷҲûʲô취ǻи㣬Ϊ׼ҵͰԼȥ
ˣغܿͰѻתˣ׼·ϡ
ԷתƵĻ⣬Ҳֵò¡
һӲܻŽˡ
ְ֣ʱѾˣӦˡ
ʱغŷɫѾŰˣæԼĶͷǸԲ𣬶Բ𣬸ղź͵ĵ̫ͶˣȻʱ䣬֡
ûʲôûʲôʩһ̸Ҳûࡣ
˾ĲɵĸԷ˼䣬žڲܻĴ˲
һһӴ˶ˣոջָŮ˲Աߡ
ЩһˣæվӭӣŮҲɷİ£վ㡣
صָ£˲֣λԱߣĿˡ
ζȾˮһʼΪѾ鷳£Դ鶼ˣ˲ϵջǷǳõġ
ǾòϾҪʱͻȻվһǰ
Ҿһлҵĸ
տʼûһ£ΪмԼ˾Ʊĺһ֮һھơ
ǽ˵ǵõĸˣһĻȱеǾ˾ȵףϣٰĸҳ
⻰üͷȻתͷ˿أ˼˵ǲң
ؿ֪ˣǱǳ˼ҵ£СӱܣȥԷɡ
һغˣͲүүĺǳ⡣
ҼҲǮôһ룬ǲЩص
Щŭˣ̫֪ˡ
Ҫ֪һ֣ǼԼģڵãΪǮϸŰͽǡ
͵վ˵ѵʩΪƶǮ¶𣿡
˵ʱֺݺݵĿԱߵһۣ˵ʩҲΪƶûа£ôƶھͿ԰յĶ˫ַ
⻰Щˡ
ΪԴһŮ֮ΪĹϵϿǷ˲ٹ
һΪŮԼͬİ·ôǰĹͰ׷ˣԺҲûлٺͺˡ
ΪԼܹ곤棬ʲô鶼ܹӦģҲʲô鶼ܹġ
͵վߵǰһƾˤ˹ȥ
û뵽һ۰үүᶯִԼһƱ˸ʵ
һֱһԵ٣񰤴ˣæվܵԱߣס
ʱҲվ׵Աߣ˵֣СͻС¶Ĺһذɡ
ڵҲ֪ԼĴ£վһԣҲ
Ͻĸʹһɫ˼˵Ͻүү䡣
Ҳǲ֪ô׸̨¸ϣæһĸⲻǡ
ֻĿһۣתЦŶ˵ҹ̲ܽϣֲ֪жҪҪһֶ˵ġ
ҲһȻ˵˲ǣȻôﲻþ˵ʩûʲôµĻҾȻȥˡ
˵֮ȥ
غ˻࿴һæ˳ȥһֱ͵ſڣְųͻؼң»ص˿֮С
һؾһοվŵһ
վʲôҹȥ
Ըоүүŭһ˵ĺٻȥˡ
ŮӣҲԼűȽΣ뿪ˡ
ֻ֮ʣغˡ
̾һȻ˵֣ҲˣСҲûоʲô飬һ仰ͰˣԺҺúý
ӦúúýȻԼʲôˡ
˵֮󣬾ʹɳվ鷿ȥˡ


270 赹
뿪ص֮󣬾÷ǳĲζ
ҵЩ˼ֱͺͰһҪԼΪҵǮͺˡ
ԼһʩˣȻһҵĻǼҿ»ѳ
صм˼죬Լʱȫãź͸ĸǣ˵Ҫصۡ
Ȼΰ뿪Ҳ֪Ƚæֻεͱ㡣
뿪һλص˵ԺӴɨһ£Ȼָʦ㡣
ȵһ֮ʯָһγ硣
һγֵλãȻһ뿪ʱĵط
һ֣;۾Ĵɨһ¡
Ǿ߷ɮʬѾӰ
ЩüѾ˷Ƿɮʬ壬Ҵֳ
˭أ
ϾֻǸҰһǲġ
µһˣǱλˡ
λܹļҵҲɵӣڷԼ֮һĴѰңҵⷬɮʬҲӦõġ
»ûȥȷһ£Ǳ˷ʬ壬ɾЩ鷳ˡ
֮̾һȻ׼ֱׯ԰ȥ
ȵ㵽ׯ԰ſڵʱ̾ͱŵļҶ֣ЩһһӵϣΧм䡣
һִļϣ˼Ҫõ㡣
Щûǿж֣һٵҽ´һ㣬˵ʱȥĶˣׯҡ
˿ˣ˵ƶһ˵ˮ֮صӿȪ౨һγȥҲΪׯ飬Щ˲عʣҽͨǡ
Ǹҽ¶˷̵΢Ц
ҰҼׯľ㣬û뵽ǸɱԽļһڻҼׯôס
˵֮ˣһʹɫˣ͹ٸȥ
ҽһԸļҶһҪĨͷ£ˡ
ʲôǽгɵĸߵֻһþҶͱɳȥˡ
ļҶǿ㶯֣㲻ٿҪһӵϡ
⽣ŵʱͻȻ֮ſһĺ
ס֡
ЩҶæͣȥԭѾվſڡ
ǰ˼ЩҶȻǰľһȻ˵³çˣҪ֡
ԷҲ¶һ˿ǿЦݣ
㣬ֱӽׯ԰ڴ֮зֱ
Ѿ裬Ժһڡ
ʱʵ⼸ղȥǺõġ
²豭һףȻ˵ʩˡ
˵ƶˣʩȣƽĴ£ڡһֱαʩ
ҲңһС£αؼϡ
ׯˣ˵Ļ
֮´һȻЦʵׯʱÿɺã
ô˵أԴһλʦҶľƳȡ֮Ǽ˾ƾ;öģҪ˵ҲӦúһЩˣԸΥʱһֱ̹
˵ͷʵղžѾĲԾ
ǰոռλׯʱׯԣ彡ء
ǽλׯֻ˼·Ϳʼ˵Ѿһˡ
ЦЦȻ˵ֻ𣿲֪ׯׯǲҲʲô©
ؿһۣ벻ͨôܹ֪Լׯϳˡ
õˣ⼸мس鷳ں͹ٸء
ԼĴȣ̾˵ǰҺ͹ٸ򽻵࣬ڿ֪Ǿ䣬ԹųϿǮĪʲô˼ˡ
ĵ˵ͷ֪һġ
ΪλׯˣǿֻƳ۶
ʧ˾Ƴ棬ϵѾʼʧ
⻹ǸոտʼϻЩˣǿάׯϵӪٹһʱ䣬ʧĲʱʱǴͷ
ׯдΪһܽׯ֮ǡ
˾͸еһľ棬ȻʵʲôȻ
˵仰ָ֮оԼ˵ıЩãǸϽƴǡ
ɲɣⱦһǵôܶ
ҡҡͷЦŴӻȡǸСƺ«Ȼ͵ǰ
Сƺ«Щ죬һ
һ͵ⲻǸɮװƳǸС«
С«˶ֻװֵСӣŵһӾʹλվ˼
ʲô˼
˵⻰ʱѾЩˡ
Ҷ˵御ˣǷɮ˳ͻɱԽҲ㴦ˣôֽ⺦˵ĶûˣĪǿׯӣҪռȵ
΢΢һЦȻ˹˵ׯˣׯҽ͡
һ£λȴһֱţҪ뿪ǸСƺ«Զһ㣬ǾƳŵòᣬѾº֢ˡ
ȥСƺ«Ȼظţ˵ׯǷɮׯϣ˵ǸׯβʵͼıǿׯϵǾƳ档
Ŷһֻ˵ĳӣǷɮΪʲôӣҲЩͷԡ
½Сƺ«ϣȻЦ˵ׯ۲ʶ̩ɽ
⻰ô˵ģ
ׯУɸоһ˿ʣ
һ룬Ȼ˵⵹ûУȾ֮⣬һ彡
Ͷˣʵׯ˵ɣƳһѵõıľ֮棬ȴӰ˵彡
˵ʱһ£ص˵ʹ˽ֻ²㣬ҪãǾۼˣһʢ³ɡ
Ľ˳ֱӽСƺ«һߣȻץס
ĻҲˣʱԼΪʲô˲ʣׯҲ⡣
Լʧ˾Ƴ棬òıӣ²˳
ϾַӦЩ˼Ǿƺ«мƣȻ˵ȻѾˣôܹãǸϿջء
ЦŹ˵ҴǷɮжΪΪ˱ʩҵľ֮ʩؿϽⱦ
ⷬŲ˼½ƺ«Լ֮վһء


271 豹
ʩ񣬶ҲϽվ
ȴһÿ㣬һһأ֮˵ҶԵֻСʩԮ֣ȴһҸ֮ǣлˡ
˵仰ֱ֮ץ֣ʹҡҡ˵ӽԺׯһһ룬ÿ룬ҵ͵ɽ
ҡҡͷ֮شƶлЩƽֻҪԺȾˣҪЩҲûʲôá
˵仰һ£Ȼ˵ׯĸлңÿóЩʳ೧񡣡
ãȻģô¾ͳȫˣӽԺׯÿóһʳ񡣡
˱Ʊ֮žƺ«Щɡ
ƳȻˣǽҸô죿
ЦЦ˵ƳʩܶˣЩɵ˼ʩƿǿƳ¡
Ͱ˼Ǿƺ«ĸӡ
һһװֵĳӣƵ˾ƺ«ƿڡ
ҡҡԴתͷǷʲôȻӾʹӾƺ«֮ȥ
ȵӱԵʱǸСӹ˹ӣͻȻ͵һϡ
СӾȻ·ֻ¾굽
ȻﺦµֱģȴһֱСʧˡ
Ҫһ㣬֮ʲôҪʱͻȻоﵽһɶƵļ
ͺʮֻèһϰµġ
ɴ಻ˣֱӾͶ˵һλûгԷɣߣȥһѡ
˵֮󣬾ܼҸϽȥ׼ϯ
һһʢľͰ˴֮ϡ
վ֣ǰһֻ˻ǲȴûһξơ
ϾͲˣô£Ϊʲôûƣ
ԱվŵĹܼ͵͵ĿһۣŻشүⲻԸ˵ǴӽԺҲǰһơ
ǰʧ˾Ƴ棬ԸоʮֵŷԸܼңӽԺҪǰ֡
û뵽⼸ĹִˣҲҲ˲ʲôǵˣڵֻźһ̳ƣһڿʡ
Ǿ仰͵үû˵Ͻ׼ƣҪ͵
ܼҲҷϾͳȥΪ׼ƣһ̳ӾƾͰϡ
һοĺֻҲþѣǰһ룬ĵһľƣȻʾһ£֮һ
Ա߿ŶˣںȾƣںˮѽ
֮ľϣĺһ̳ƣòˣȻȰ㡣
ȷЩܲˣȻֻþƱȣ߰˱ȥľҲѾˣٺȥ¾ҪǸϽվǡ
ҲûΪ㣬ϾܼҽͻصסǸԺ
֮ھϯǰֿʼһٺúȣֻ̳ƣǾˣȻĵϢȥˡ
˵صԼסСԺ
ǼźѾڶڣһˣһӵϣӵ˷֮еĴϴˮеĸ󱳣ڵĲˡ
۾ϣһѵõĵ
ֻ˶ʮӣѾѹУĿĲΪ׬ǮΪ˳
ΪĿ꣬ǾٶĥѣҲܹȥοСС硣
͵վܵѾ߻ӻ֣˵ﻹ£ǳȥɡ
СѾ㿴ңҿ㣬֪ԼʲôطˣһЩš
ʱǿǴˣׯʿڵĺܣҪׯ֪ԼźܣǿЩûһ³
ˣ⼸СŮһۺᣬ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ㡣
ʯĳüһ֣ͽݡ
±ߵļѾߵûа취ˣֻǳüչ뿪Ժɸȥˡ
ص֮ϥڴϣʼá̫Ҿּ
Źĸɾ˽֮ŹĽչԽԽˣ㽥ҲЩ裬ʱҲɹ
ڽͻȻԼı֮˷¾֮ġ
ҲΪ̬˱仯һܿͽ˶ͬʱĵǿŽ𵤿ʼת
𵤵ת֮©һ˵֮󾭹𵤵ķ
Щķû뿪һν˽𵤣𵤵侫˽֮С
Щʵ룬ĽҲʼ⣬ڽ𵤵мγһ⡣
ոյγɣ͸оԼͬˡ
ԭȵʱȻԽ𵤣һΧڵĹ򣬵ֻʹý𵤣ǿͬһΧĿȨ
Ȼ˵ǿȻشȡȨ
һȴͬˣ֣뵽֮С
ָоǳأһһУĶһһжѭУȴûκǿȵĸоôȻ
ָо֮󣬾طĿƸӵˡ
ֿʮֵԲûһ˿Ӳ
˺ܳʱ䣬ѹˡ
һ֮ǰȫռ
ǰʱʱð⣬ƽһ;㲻ǷȻ˳羴֮ġ
Щ¶󶼲ˣκ˿㣬һͨˡ
ӷ˳ԺԺļСŮɨصɨأ··Ҳ¶΢Ц
ǼСŮڻͷʱ򣬷λǰЩͬˣҪ˵ʲôͬ˵
ӲҪ˵Ļԭȵʱλһ˸о߸ϣλڼҵĸ硣
ÿ㣬Ҳ߲ܣ̾˼졣
ֱһ죬ԾԼƴڵ⣬Ѿȫûˡ
žǣϾԼ뿪ʱҲ֪Ѿôˡ
ڱһҡҡͷ
Դһ˾Ƴ֮󣬼ķ¶ˡ
ԭǼع˾ˣҲߣҲʼָ˽˵һ˳
ˣһ쵽벻ơ
Ȼ˵Ǳžƺʹһ̾˹
Ǻȼ
㿴ЩЦʩ˰ɣƶǵġ
ѵдܣĻôҪҶȥ
ˣׯʮֵĶֻƶҾˣʮеʦãŹׯĺ⡣


272 
Ļҡͷվʩ
֮׼Ϊ׼һЩأǵعЩΪڸһۣԺʱʱۣǸá
ʩˣ˴ãȴǼ԰ƶֻܹʩˡ
˵仰̧ͷѾɫȻǱ̣һ䡣
ʩƶȥƶһۣʩԳȥ۾ۡ
֮˵ͷɫõ˵أǧһλȥ·;ңԶϾΪһЩ̲Լ
˵֮ҲֹϾͷԸֵµĹܼ׼һǧͬʱͳļѾһ·ź㣬ͻغء
ҲʢȴҲʹӦЩš
ڶ죬ׯ԰ſڡĿ㣬ųѾңңȥ
վׯ԰ſڵһϣڵӰ̾һԹܼ˵úõһ˾ôˣʵ̫źˡ
ԵĹܼңϾ˼Ǵ˵үҪ׷ȥλһү
¶һ˿ȻͻȻðһ󺮹⡣
Һǳ顣
үļ˻ׯϣһᰴү˼ȥġ
ϣ˰ɡ
˵仰̧֮ͷ˿죬Ȼį˵Ȼٻ󣬿ȴѣò磬ֻ
ĳһȻתׯȥһ¼ŵıӰ
˵뿪ɽӣһ˻ƺӵıϡ
⼸Ͷɹƺֱϵģû뵽ƺǳڰߵЩǶϳûа취ֻǳڸһСʱס¡
Ҫ˵ƺӶɿڸҲʮַģСӲϡ
ˣǺܿһСׯҵͷ
һССջҪ˵СΪСջǰǰֻԺӣҲס10ˡ
Ҫ˵СԺӵľΪСջҲǽıˡ
Ժӣװޣָ˼СԺ
ÿһСԺװεĲҸ˵ǡϡΤϡīʼ䡯
Сջʮʿӭġ
˿ջǿջƹһ֪һλһ
ΪڴŵĻϳĵָۣòѾߣټһǶµĴ㣬һǮ
ƹڵӭλǴ⣬סꣿ
ЦŴһףȻ˵ҵȱҪƺӵģƺǳֻڴ˶죬֪ƹĿջлпշ𣿡
Уīʼ䡯ء
˵֮ƹľǰߴ·쵽˺һǳƧСԺǰ
˴˴ƹʮֵԺ˵Ҽ˾ƣ⣿
ڽһϲͨƹԺӣҲܹɨˣǱ˵˼
ƹ⣬ȻЦſŽ쵽Ժ
֮ƹԽһԺӵĲ֣˳ȥ
һԺӣֱӽȻߵѾ߿ʼʰ䣬ѱЪ
ȵһа֮󣬿ջСƱ㹧ĽŵСԺʵ͹٣ҪԺ÷Ҫǰߴ
ǰȥɡ
ϣүȥǰ߸׼
˵֮СӾʹҴҵĵǰΪ׼ȥˡ
һֱѾʰ÷䣬Ŵ뿪СԺǰߵĴ
ղŵǸСƣһ㣬һǰ
ү׼Եʲô
ʲô˾ˡ
˵֮һֱǸ̾һӣӵСƵС
ǻƵǰЦ̧ͷƶˣԺߺȵүһߺþƺò˱š
СƵߺȣں߳̾Ӧˡ
þƺòϾ͵Եȡ
ȻǮð£ûһĹ򣬾߰˸˰ϡ
㿴˿ϵĲȷʵ٣תͷԸԼѾ˵Ҳһ԰ɣվźҡ
Ѿ߻࿴˿ǰٴǿǲΨΨŵŵԱߡ
Ǹͺöˣԣ̾˾ƺһơ
һڣСƵеľƻǲûвˮ
ӣһڲ˷С
Ѿ߼ѾʼԺȣŸļвš
㿪ʼ
ʱͻȻмԵ˽
ˣЩ˵ʲôˣЩøһ
ֵܣ˵𣿡
Ҫƭ㲻ú
ĻҲ̫Ե˰ɡ
ʲô취˭˼أеŮ˭ܹΥ
˵ʱ򣬵һֱûпԵˣͻȻ˵СɣҪǸղ˵ĻֲþҪⱨӦˡ
һ仰˽ͣȻĿʼĴԾһoڼǡ
ͻȻ֮ڴߴһܵĽţղŻ˽˶һɫ
лˣŵɸ
˵̸еЩ棬ʲôo⼸˼ɻ䣿
£͸ˡ
ֻһֻ豭ܣͻȻ˿ջڳȴԴӶ
̲ס棬йơ
˵ƣôⶼˡ
ǻеЦŰˡ
æǰһյߣ˵͹٣СĻӿڳ
㲻ΪȻ˵ʲô£ҿΣ
Σ͹٣ɲһܡ
˵ʱصҿ˿ʹߡ
һĹ򣬾ͼ֣Ǻʵʲôo˵һ˵
ǻƿ˼ɣ£Ҷǲ¿ڡ
ԱŵĳЩͷˣʲôֱ˵ѵǵүǮ
˵֮һۣ΢ЦŵͷǱͳʮͭǮӵϡ
˵˵֮ǵү͡
ƼǮ̰ѸղŵĹ˼ȫ׵Ժ
ȿ˿ڿջſڵܣֻǶųûпߣŵ˵һ㡣
ԭϰŷ񣬷ǳϡؽйʱ֪ܲмǧֻеġ
紥񣬼ͻףܻӡȥǽȴֹ״һ
һףԤʾҪв·ʮֵ顣
ϰնԴʮּɻ䡣


273 ƫɽ
֮¶˲м΢Ц
ղΪʲôأڿǸаͨһġ
ǾмʱڴſŵܣͻȻ۾߿Ǹ˵ĻƣͿʼȫſ°ĭ˵ϡ
龰ջ˶Ѿһš
ԵǸҲһڰ溦ʲôаץĻȥ
ЩƺƹģҲһӵʼͣĺСƵ֡
Щͽ͵ģǸСȻڵϲͣĳ鴤ۿžҪû
һüžһŭ
һССа񾹸Լǰ˷ˣҪǲһѵΪԼoˡ
ǣڵĽա
ǽһǣ̾ͷųһķͲĿջȫ
Ǹղſһߵܣⷨһ֣̾ͽֱ˵ϣһ
ǸڵϵСƣ㷨֣̾һֱӵﵽš
ַϵתСƽҲֹͣ˳鴤Ȼ۾ЩĵЩĪ
ղôˣԼôԵƹʲô
ƹļСˣһ
Ҫ˵СƻأĻҲڱСǰ棬ЩĿˡ
죬͵ߵķϢ
ĻƹķԸ̧ӵСƣֱȥˡ
ƹĴõ飬̧ͷ˿㣬ҡҡͷȻҲ˵뿪ˡ
ƹĵϣԿԿƹĿǼѾͿûʲôˡ
ʱϵ˿ҲɫŹ֣ǽһҴҵĸǮһ뿪ջǺ±ճʲôƵġ
㿴Ƣ
˵ͲˣҵҪô˵һҪΪգ
뵽֮̾ͷԸǲˣ׼Сס졣
ǳĻϳһ£ȻСʵүҪסҿطͦаŵģǻǾ뿪ĺá
ǺǣһЦһСëʲôõĵģ
˵仰֮վŸķƶҴ˼öˣҪһλ񡣡
ǸԶƹĺŵֱ¡
ţΪһû뵽һ֪ߵغģҪղŵĻ²⼸Ҫ꣬СջҲúá
λƹľŸϽ⼸˴ˣʡø鷳
λƹ۾һת⣬ú˼òˣȻԱߣһһֵļȷϡ
˾Ʋ֮ƹҲû뿪վԱǶ˼û˼˵ߵĻһ䣺Ϊ͹ٳС뼸λ͹ټˡ
ƹӵӣҲע⡣
ӼһӵĳΣн˽˵ͷ
ƹģĲѽ
Ŀ͹ǰġ
ƹĽĻᣬǽԼеĻ˵˳
λүʵסǼСԺѾˣ˼ǲܰˣŽ;С϶λˣȥһҸõĿջʵڲеĻһЩ
ƹ˵仰һ۾һҲ뿪
µĳ˼ڲˣȻЦ˵˵ʲôҶѾסջܹȥС˼ͱˡ
ƹļ˵Լ˼ҲЩΣֻʵ档
үʵ˵ɣأǸһʮ飬һССĿջɵλڡ
˿ƹ˵Ҳصģүұûʲô£⽵ħȴ֡գҪ֪֪ҵ
˵ʱ۽ǻڴſŵĴƳһۣ¶˼Ц
ǸſȻܶ۾ȴͣգţʮԡ
ƹĻʮֵΣֻǴͷɥ뿪ˡ
ƹ֮󣬳ʵүûʲôɣҪΣǻǸϿ߰ɡ
ĳķ˯ľܹסүҵͨ
˵ʱ㲻ԾԼĻУһֻͷΡ
ⱦԴӵԼֻһ֣һԼԵⷽĴܡ
ʱ㱻Էûл֮ƾԼͷҲǰȫˣɼⱦ
ھͲˣܺλȣ
͵Ļ¾ͲƧСطˣ͵нȥˡ
ԵѾߣһ÷ǳ㣬Ѿһǳ֣硣
λСﲢģ֪һЩ飬֪λүͨ
ĻǵׯҲԼɵүԣΪ͵үĹϵԱһнǰ̽λү
λ޾ɫ̸ЦĲͣĸƲˣźʮֵ
һλźһ´СѾͷ
˵ʵСѾͷȷʵƯ˵ŴˣִλҲϵȵˡ
˵ˣ˵ʦöѾȻЩɫǱС˵ҲԶˡ
ȻźԷ۽ȴһֱû뿪㣬۾ֱĿԼɵһϼ
ҲǷԼʧ̬æջص۹⡣
ȵԹֵ֮µ⼸»صСԺУ԰Ъ
˵ڴſŵǸܣֱ㲻óʱܹŲŲȻ͵ȥ
žʧҹĻ֮С
뿪֮бĶͻȻ۾¶΢Ц
ԭСһߵģҪǸ񱨸ŶԼ
㱾ΪǸһ̲סڽڴϥһҲκεĶе֡
ѵĺƢԼѾˣϣĻЩУһҲûʲô
ǽһУԸȫˡ
ԭѾ׼ǴϴˮһžͿԺſŵĶܣһйǴˡ
Ҫ˵ŮӶЩʪʪĶǷǳľµģǲܲ˵ľͼ
ļУ̿ųո̧Ҫţͷֽŵſһĵ󡡣
̾ͰѽջǲЩңŽŵ²ôһĵĶҲЩþ


274 ܼŮ
ǲٴ̤ŵʱļҲˡ
гһžͿصܣλɲЩһžͰѽűߵһܲȻ󣬰ЩܵǲһܵԱߡ
磬û¶ɣ
λкڴ硣
λС￴Ҳ۾ֱĿŸոտŵ㡣
㿴Щʲô취ֻǸϽܣĻصĶֻӦ
Ҫ䣬ͻȻͣһ£ŰЩ߾ˣǷһ룬ЩЩǰԼĲʹ죬Լ׷Źǣ񿴵˰ɣ
뷨֮̾͸ı
׺Ρһˮ׺ϱһǬʹߣĿʹߣƷH𣬷綯Ǭ׹ңնΡ
ڵĽ𵤿ʼתȻ𵤷ųգеʼںϡ
Ƿںϵ֮͵ͷų֮һɷ֮̾;ۼǰ
ɷ֮ǳа񣬵ϸĻھȻһĽɫĹâ
ɷ֮£ͷã̺
㿴ɷ֮٣΢΢һЦȻԺеЩһ㡣
еЩɷ֮ڵĶ鳲һֱԺеӶȥ
ЩܺҲо֮ͬһʼҽУͬʱͣСԺԾ
ѾˣЩɷ֮ܿɨЩܡ
бɨе̾һ˵ϣǵȫɢ
ղʵһͷնħ䣬ִġ̫
ִ˵Ȿ˵˶Ķǵ磬Ȿ˲õ
һССɵõⱾܾȫⱾΪȻһԾΪŴɡ
ղܹ֮ӮǰΪо˲ͬĳֲܹԼĲ㣬ԲŽһ˿Ķ
ôһ˿ĹעҲķЩԺеܲȫ𣬶ɹ˳ЩܵϢһ˲ҵǵԴͷ
ڲԶһСһͷڵoͻȻ۾Ͷˡ
һ¿ɰЩԺг֮ŵòᣬǶ֪ⷢʲô
ףﰲͽƽϢˣȻԻɻɢȥ
˵ʩϣԺеѾȫ군ŷԸɵŵĳϽԺʰɾ
ķԸֱѣǰһƬƬʬ壬Ҳоֱ
Ҳûʲô취ΪܲѾɣϾ˼Ůӣ²ֵġ
ֻεɨʼɨһʱŰԺȫɨԺ⡣
ڷԸ֮󣬾ʹһѾ߾͵ǰ߳Էȥˡ
ʱڿջҲۼһȺˡ
ЩҲֵģʱ˵飬ѾСϴˡ
ڲԼ籾ģЩҲûжٹģһЩֻܵ뿴һܵõʲôӦ
ǽ飬ȴЩ˶Ŀɿڴ
Ϊ˲ûһջǰԷҴԺɨһһѵʬ塣
ǰǴûйġ
ǰʱô̾ͻòס
ûһĹСдˡ
Ҷ֪СջסһλбµĵҲûʲô취
ҲͰµһЦ̸ϣСϵһ˼ȴ˼
ԭ⻧˼ѦﻹһЩƲ
ҵѦһѦո꣬λѦ̵ӣҲĶӡ
һ˹ĻǰݣвƲйҲ黭Ϊ˽ӣʱ͸ӿɡ
ѦҲǲССͣʹϻ쳣ʦǶ޲ڡ
һкúõģǰʱиµ̫̫ңԳģּ⣺ԸŮ¼޸Ѧ
ѦĸΪʵܲ⣬ôȢܶϱأƴ˵ӻ̫Сܳɻ顣
Ѧھܾ֮Ϊ˶룬̾͸Ӷһ¡
⻧˼սѦҲŵԣҶǱ籾ģҲ֪ף˴Ҷʮֵ⣬ܿ͹˻Ƕס
û뵽ʱոն׵ϣս˼ҵ˾ε
и߽˵ѦҵŮôȾָ
˺ˣæ˻ѦҵĲѦû취ֻܽ˶Էס
ǽѦ̷ǳǣֻñ¼Ʒ˵ԼʵڸʲϣҺ׼ҡ
ոյϣͼľƲиһڱ䶯šѦæȣл󷵻ؼУĸӿ־壬ûа취
һ֪ôʱͻȻдһϢ
ѦϢͺǲƼһ
ѽԼû취ǲܹ޼ɵˡ
ʿȥˣⲻһ񲻵¶
λѦ˱Ȼ̧ţƺƵľסĿջ
СջڸҲǰʱϣԴǼ֮ջֻôһˣ˶ϵʱ˷뿪ˡ
ΪѦ̺ܿڿջҵ㡣
Щ̿һСԺһȭȭʽ趯ǷƱá
Ҫ˵ΪʲôҪΪԴһ֮˾ͱʵ޻
ʵ޻˵ͨˣ޵гɵĸˣҲһܹѾ޳˽𵤡
ΪԵǳѾǣȻ֪б£֮ﻹǺ´ġ
û취ڵԺһȭʾԼܣֵµЩˣǱ£үʹء
ȭñǰݷõѦ̿һ
һʵˣǰһͨ
⻹˵ʲôЩѦ̾СܵĽСԺȻ󲻹ܲˣͨһ͹ǰ
ڹԼǰѦ²ûκεĲȻ̫ȭֱеʽȫ꣬չ
ƽϢһϢ۾ԹѦʵλɣ˺£ΪʲôҪƶĴ񣿡
Ѧ̼㣬ǿϴӦˣǸѽʿǿϴˣԼôʱ䣬ϥǶۣСѾľˣҪٲ˵Լ¾ͼֲסˡ
صĻС϶еʿһֻΪһҪصǰݷá


275 
ЦһЦȻֱ
СѾ衣
豭ʾһ£Ȼ߅һڡ
ѦСҲһڡ
ʵɣմ
ңС϶ѦǱϡ
ɵʲô𣿡
Ѧʻܲˣ֪һ񣬶вǰգȻҪС϶ĶΪ
˵ѦݺᣬС϶һ磬֮ʲôôǺã
Ѧ˵֮Ϲڵϣ󷢴ȱȾҿĺӡ
ǹݲϡ
㱾Ϳǰ»
Ҳ׼ô׵ĴӦĻԼϸһʧݡ
㱾棬̵ĹҲǣֻ˵Ȼ˵ЩˣǲûΪһóȻ֣񲻺͡
ĻѾܲϣϾͱþ
ѦҲǾģԵľ֮Ͼߵס
ҳķϣ߳־Ҽˮ֮С
˵֮󣬾ߵǴһк
ߵļ˵˵ʾ⣬̧һ߽˿
ѦվԱߣֱӴӣֻŶЩ޳Уϱ߻һЩϸ
ֻҪܽҵǳЩ͵ұЧġ
ֻ̧ۿ˿ӣʹ۾
Ѧ̼ǰĲƸȻӶҲЩ塣
֪еĸˣںЩǮƣǽʱϵ˶֪æ
ô
ϳ´ȥ˲֪ǿֻǵµ񡣡
üë̾Ȼ֮зųһκ⣬´һѦ̣û뵽ϼһ￴Һ񣬾Ȼ䡣
ǺܿŭȥΪ˾ԼĶӣѾ伫ڶԼʩչҲ֮顣
ҲãԼһͷĶһ
װûпѦ̵ļƲߣһСëкξ壿
ѦĻΪԼļƲЧˣǸϽĽŲǲСë񣬵Ǳ˲֪ѽ»ǻᴫЩʱ򲻵־Ҳ˵硣
Ҫ˵ˣƶͽ£ҵҪʲô¡ıʮֵ
ѦӦϲ⣬ǰһʩȻ˵ܹ£С϶һл
¶һ˿޵΢ЦȻĵ˵ͷ
ðɣȻˣôһǾȥУƶס
Ѧ¶һ˿ɵЦݡ
⼸һֱѹͷʳѰǿһ˿ѵϣˡ
ۿɫ磬Ѧ̾Ĺ׼һϺõľƲˣ͵ķ䡣
ٴҲȴ֮
ڳһٷʢ֮͸Ѧһ·ɳ˽ļС
Ѧ̸ոһſڣһ½ӾͶߺߵ˸Ͽӭӹ͡
ѦһкԺ̱򿪽ţ߳ˣΪ׵һĸŮ
λ󸾿Ѧ̻ˣæǰһȻЦʵүλûУ
ںߵĽϿǰȥ񡣡
Ѧ̾ʹ긾ŮĽǰ׾ǰݼ
ڽӦһŴ򿪽˳
λ긾ŮǾģһҲǷͣȥһ򸣣Ȼû㲻ҪǮһ˹ȥ
еֲЦˣο˼ڣҲЦŷ䣬֮һ˽Ժӡ
ڿ֮У˫֮Ѧ̹һ֣Ȼ˵֪ӿɷһ
Ѧ֮ʾһ¡
Ů̵˵ͷʩһ񣬱˳˿
һһͯЦžͿŮӱһཱུС˽
Щ֣⵽ô£ԼѶôӱˣ
Ѧ̺Ҳɻ󣬼æĽ͵õЦˣһϥʵֻһ귽ꡣ
Ǵһ
Сֻͱˣѵʲô츳ЩСҲʼ᣿
뵽ԼʦöѾʱСС;ͱ˵ˣѵҲ
ۣ̾Сȥ
һɰһԭƽСӣȴһ
֮СһƾٳҹλС
ֲǸҪŮ޸أŮСӵޣһˡ
ЩС˵ĺôƾ˵ıӣһЩ£Ҳܹƽ¡
㿴Сӵ֮󣬱΢΢һЦСе֡
Ск۾˿ĸĸĵͷСǰһ
СͷȻЦ˵Ǹд컯ģһҪù飬ɻķϵѧҵ
ʿһֱùأ˵Ҷĺá
ãҪŬɽ
˵֮󣬾ʹӻȡŷ䣬ݵСС
֮Ҫͳŷ䣬ҲΪСʲڶһԺⲻҪܵɾĶɧš
ŷñƽҲǽһԵ
Ѧ̼ͳæԼӸϽպá
ȥ֮ң͵ķڽ֮Уøźá
֪ˣү
Ѧ˵֪ɼпеĻҿ
УУС
Ѧ˵֮󣬼æΪԼӽĻȡ˳
ӹϸһûʲô֣Ӧֻƽʹõġ
ȴֻ֪ҪǾֵʱȻϢ棬ԼҪľϢ
ۣϸ۲
ȻһɵȻ˵һ˿ޣȴ̺һɽɫԵ÷ǳׯء
ЦЦȻԼµˡ
ⶫûý飬ԼͿԸպǸ
˵ĺã˵Ĳãͨ⹻Ϣϵ֪Լ
һŵѦɼ¶΢Ц֪аգһǷһЩġ
첻ȵʱұ㿪̳˵䡣
Ǿ͵ˣȵͷϢ׼̳þߣȵùͷ


276 ǲ
һ޻ϵʱڿͷùš
ûеϢһ£Ѧ̾ʹż˴ҴҵĹ
㿴˼ߴԼϿģöû취ˣҲϢˣȰ˵ɡ
Ѧǰͥ
߽һѾӣеȫգڵĴȫһտӡ
ֻڴһŷǳŸֹƷзķ
ǰ˿Ҫ׼ķȫҲܲõţѦһԶϡ
ǰȥϵķһһۿ
տʼʱ㻹ô⣬ϾһİʱҴææģҵʲôõĶ
ǵһƵʱͷһ
Ϊ˵׭̵ֺͷ䣬ͳķȫĲͬ
ǵһĶ
ƣüͷվѾЩ塣
Լ˵ԼǵһԽˡ
ܹԽܣǾߴײ
Ƶĳ֣һԼܣ˿ӵĸо
Ѧ̿һ﷢ǰѯʣʲô𣿡
㱻ôһʣ̾;˹
ɣǴʲôطõģ
Ѧ̿еǿƣȻЦһ˵һ˼ҴģѾ߰˴ˡ
ʲôⶫֻһ˼ҵģ
еЩ˼顣
ⶫ˼Ҵģô˵ҲҺпҲǴӵԽġ
ôˣǷʲô飬Ȼһû䣬Ϊūˡ
ͬʱ뵽ԼʯָԿ϶ǰһʹù
ôˣǲҲͨʯָģҲִ۵ǰ档
뵽ΪܵĽ
Ϊ㲻ϻеڶʯָı

ĶߴѦ̵ĺ
˹ȻеƷϡ
ЩвУҪǲõĻȥ׼
ˣֻʱȹͨһλûбҪġ
˵֮ӻ֣ѦվһԣԼȴʼ̽׼з£飬ٻǰ̳ǰ
Ҫ˵ҲǷֵģһ־ͨĵʿ飬ôһҪ
һ֣ƾǿеʹo
ںôҲɽ𵤵Ҫ˵ҪȷʵǵˣȻӦù
һĿֻһСëûпֱӾ׼ʹǲͨ
ֻվڷ̳ǰȻһȻľ̳ǰʼͻȻ֮»ص̳ǰľֱӴǵϡ
ľڰеĻ裬ǵ侹Ȼ޻ȼ
ǰֵǿֵơ
ʱҲǲ֪ãڵƽŮı
ֻɽط졣ŵʥɡħ򯣬Իᣬն졣֣Ȩϵ뷡
꣬ͻȻеڹһġ
ôͨͨһ£ռ𵴡
ڼʮһ̲ʵ֮һ
ǰͣŮ󲻶ϣһЩСڲݴϷ֡
ƶ䣬ʱһɫĲϼ£ССĶ죬װε
ͻȻ֮䣬һ죬졣
ڶмһլʱѾʼҡ
ղ죬ɰòᡣ
ʱӸլĴ߳һλɫ۵ˡ
ԺӵУ̧ͷйۿ
ĿڶɨһȦž͸˶ϣֱӰĿͶ˷ס
ԭλ˱⸽ʢѾõ
Ҫ˵ԭҲֻһֻͨͨܡ
ڼǰһλ·˵أÿɰò˼¡
֪ܵʱȻûпǣڤڤȴ֪λһλ˾͸λ뿪ˡ
ǵû취Ϊ˰ֻСܣֱӾ͸һΪ⸽С
ôλСܾͿǣʮУһЩͨſ⴦СС
֮ļڸԽԽ㣬տʼʱлЩ˼ɣ˶¡
ʱƣɶѾڣ֮Ϳʼȴ˱ġ
˼ǰǵǲ硣
λҲǿ̳С񣬶ò̳ǰá
ʱѦ̵ĴѾһοʼ̤豦ĵڶ
𾧷񣬷ۡɷǰ·աΡʳ̾
ƣڶ¡
ڶεһ
ССеʱ͵ķĶѾʼ
оȻʼ
֮УһĶϺȣͣ
ЩһſڵϣͲҶѾŵûκεķӦˡ
ֻüͷϵ
ʱڶı߽ϾȻŲһϼ
ϼһ˲ӵ˶ڲȻγһɫֱͨͨһ֪ĵط
ʱѾоͨڲһͣʹٻԼ
壬Ҳľͨ߹ȥ
ôҲС
Լ岻ԾԺĬĬԼ帽γһصϡ
һ֣ͷųһĲƿʼԿͨٻ
ٻûܵĸţֱϣ岻ͨȥ
͵ڵϣӻȡһź顣
ⱦһ־ʹź⣬סƽ
񵽴˲ųһҪǱⲻ֪ĵٻһطԼҪڲˡ
еҵʱͻȻ֮ͨٴηųһȻûκζҡһ˲ͽ֮ͨС
ʱķ̳ǰһźĺ֡
֮УľȻһ۵o
֮п˵Ȼǹģ䱾ȴһֻССܡ
㿴ˣˡ
˵
ʹˡϾǰ߾ǰϾӺ߾󣬺Ͼ߾󣬺Ͼ߾ԺִʹߣΪᴫ㣬񣬸̳£ָӣ
ƣڹһġ
һһ죬̾ͽǿʼ񣬶ԭء


277 
ڷ̳ǰǰ꣬΢΢һЦȻһϣȻ˵δС񣬼˱Ϊβ񣿡
ƵϽЩԻˡ
λ۾һԼѾһլĶվһʿ
ﻹףԼ˶Էĵ
񼸰ܹίο޼ɵѾЩĿˡ
Ǵŭ
СʿҶԱѵ±Ӧ𣿡
ǺǡЦЦȻ˵Сëǲ֪ߵغҲԣֻ㣬ΪʲôҪǿл䡣
⻰Ͼǰ
ѦһңȢԼŮʿҪԼԡ
Ѧĵʿɡ
ʶĻϿŻ飬ӴҸĻⲻҪƤ֮ࡣ
ʿȻЩ£ȴ֪oͨȻҲҪˣѦһҲǱĳˡ
˵֮Ť֡
Щܿͳ㷨ȻֱӾԶͶȥֻһ˲»صԼǡ
뿪ûֹûƾһν̸ܹŻˡ
ҪĿ
ڼȻ˫Ѿ˺ôԼʩҲûʲô˵ˡ
뵽ԱվŵѦ˵Żȡ
ѦɸղվԱߣŰһȴʲôżأķԸΪ̸ˣҪ˻ˣƨƨߵĵߣܿͽŻȡ˻˫ֵݵǰ
Ż۾һơ
УŻ֮ȻдϢ
ϢԽԽСٹһ¾Ҫɢˡ
ʱ̡
㽫˹֮ϣȻŻ˰ݡ
ⲻڰݻڰٻеϢ
Ҫ֪ڵУ˵ֱˬ顢̥⡢ľλƹܡ
Ҫǿȡ˵꣬Ҫλӳ֡
ֱ֮ȭڤڤеߵݡ
̴ʣ̫΢лʼ̥࣬꣬ⰲңҾ̫顣УΨ̫壻ʣΨˮ񾫡
ĵ棬һڤڤе־͸ʱͿռıݣһ֪άȡ
־ڽӳ
һĵ־ĸɱЩĹâͻȻı
־һǣռ䶼𵴣ΧԵ־һЩС͵־Ҳʼķ˹â
Щ־ѣĿռ䶼ʼ𵴣ų˶Ľ⡣
λoˡ
λһ֣ϾһɹɵĲƣɢЩɢĲͷ򣬺ܿͽƬռȫĳʵ
ĿԽʱͿռάȣͶ÷̳ǰ
ڵгɣľ־ѾЩǳӽˡ
ĿһͶϣԾ͸оˡ
æ˫ֱȭڤڤе־ʩ
֮λδ桢龪ַĹɽ֡ɽ·ؼլꡣջظ塢ſſǧͯͻ̫Ͼ
֮㽫ϷŵĻһס
ʱ֮޾ά֮䣬һѸٵһӶ
ٶȿʵޱȣѾԽ˹ٶȡ
ֻһ˲ʱ䣬ͻеγϰ÷̳ǰ
ֻһӴǻƮķֻž̵ɢȥ
ʱոջصԼǸء
û뵽ǸѦľȻʶ̧٣Լ뽫ԼıŮ޸ӣû뵽Ȼҵʿ谭ׯ¡
ҪЩҲ֪ǲܵġ
֮͵Ŀܵľ˵ϵѦҲ飬ǰȥһӦ
µЩСǣĻЩ
ѦҿǺ׼ңôˣھȻҪԼ׼һѿ
Ͽȥ£ʲô
һŭǽЩµ˾ˣǻ࿴˿Ȼһɢ
ʱڴԱߣһŮ̽ͷ̽ԡ
̻֮Żŵլȥ
תתһ԰
ļ֮˾Ųл֮⴦ССĻ԰װεûŽء
⻨԰мһСͤһŮ
λŮƷ顣
СѾߴҴҵŮԱߣĶĵ˵˼仰
Ů֮󣬴һеĲ豭Ҳ˵ϡ
ô˵
ʮС㣬ôƭ㡣
Ů֮ĬĬĳ˼һ£Ȼվһ·
ȥǰߣס
Ѿ֮ŵˡ
С㣬ڵǰ棬ү֪ͨ籨үĵҡ
㲻غ£ҴСҲЩ¶Ȼø֪
λʮŮ˵֮ת˻԰ֱǰߵĴ
Ů˼Сܵǰߡ
ʮǰվһ£ƽϢһԼϢһ˴
ʮ˴̧ͷһֻԼĸڱ֮ϣҡǱĲᡣ
ʮϽǰһĶԸ򸣡
Ůμס
̧һֻԼĹŮԼ̾ͰѲ׵һߡ
Сʮ
ʮ˸׵ĻЦӯӯߵԱߣĸ˱
۾Ůķ̣һеĲ춼׵˾⡣
ʮЦݣ˵ף˵Ѧҵ㡣
һ⻰ٴ
ѦҾһȺʶ̧ٵļһȻ˵ʿҪŻ¡
ʮоһĻ㱣ΪһԼһɾû뵽Ȼ顣
ԼŮ鱯Ҳǳۡ
СʮģΪΪȻҪѦһӦ
˵ʱ̾һȻŮͷ
¾ˣΪһһгϢġ
仰Թ̾ʮͻȻ
״Բӣ˵úãŮ򣬼ȻѦңôѦҵˣѦҵĹ
˵ʱλʮ飬ǳļᶨ
񿴵һ̾Ȼ˵СʮǺοأ
ײ˵Ѧ˻£ôŮҾͳƹŷ𣬴Ӵ˲Ի¡
ԼֶµСŮжѦҵĲˣΪŮҸֻŻ˵ȻˣҾССĳͷһѦң֪ʱŻҲٽ
˵ʱѾ⣬һҪʹѦͬŻ£ȻĻԼŮɾˡ


278 ѹ
Ů˸˼ʱͻȻ֮һɻްϢӵ֮С
ôҲ˼꣬оǷǳġ
ϢոһӵĶ֮У̾͸оˣֻһ䣬ϵҪǮһӿ
ȻϷǳӴ󣬵һӴ˿е̾ͺ鳲һûа취ֹԷԷ
ֻеĹһ˲ӵˡ
ʮﶼѾоܵĹ˱仯
ףô£
ʮｹʵ
ʱ˵ֻ۵ɵԲͣĹ۲ܱ仯
ֻϵĹ͵һȻܿͽĹ仯ȫѹˡ
Ѿɫˡ
ղոձǸʿеѦ֮УˡΪѾˣû뵽ֳ顣
ӦǸʿʹ˷
ĹڽĿռ䷨ȫų֮⣬͵ľͽȫ֡
ʱоһǿҵҪԼ֮ȥ
ƴķǸȻûǿ֮кӵһСһͣиꡣ
ǧ֮࣬ͣķĲҽС
ʮԱ߿Ÿ׵ڵϲͣĲҽУѾŻˡ
ڸ׵ϣͣؽţôˣ
İҲˡ
ܿһλˣһȺѾӵ˴
ʮλˣͺĹһ͵شӵվ˵ǰ˵ˣ쿴ô¡
ņְ̀һʮȻ󼸲ǰ
ûп񣬾͸оһĹڲͣиꡣ
ʱҲָһЩǣҧ̧ͷһԼķˣȻ¶һ˿ǿ΢Ц
ˣʩҪǿоѹҵ꣬˾Ѧҡ
ո˵仰ͱ۾
ǸϾ͸оһĹ͵شϰһ˲ʧ֮С
Ǹ˼Բü
Ķ̫ͷ϶
˵仰֮˾ʹӻȡһֻҡ
ֻſ˽ңдʡ
һǸоȻƮһķ䣬ЩһӴ壬Ȼܵʲôָһһ˲ʧ֮С
ֱʱʮǰһʵףôˣ
ԷЩ£Ҳʩܷܿҵ˵ټ
˵걻ĹЮţգ۵Ĺ͵ķ̳ǰ
ʱȻ̤̽
һ̳ǰб۾ѾˣûֹͣȻʩչŷ
˺ܳһʱ䣬ķܵĿռȫĶס˱վ˷̳ǰ
㿴ǰģ꣬΢΢һЦȻ˵Сëڿ֪ˡ
СʿţǴ²o㽫ҵ굽㽫ôҵĶ˽
⻰üͷһ塣
ѵ˵Ск̨
˼ʱͻȻ֮֮˼⡣
Щûɱ͸ȴǳǿֻµĹ򣬾ƿܲķ
Щ񴥶֮λoµĹ
ֻһ˲䣬ЩͿʼˡ
ǽѱⷨ𵴣̾ɢ
һиͲȤĿǰ꣬
Ҳңλ֪֮󣬿¶Ҷ֣Ѿ촦ˡ
֮ͳĬЩȻ˲ٺ£ҲͨΪ
λ֪飬Ĳ
Ȼϴ΢ЦʵѾЭ˼
㲻֪˵Ļղż漸仰֮󣬾ͻὫ
ΪԺλл˵ֻʱǽλס
ȡһƿ䣬տտƿͻ鱾壬ǻ໤꣬׵ǣڵͨѪƵԽȥ´룬ᣬ϶ǡǣ̫Ͼ
귨֮㽫ƿȻƿڶ׼ꡣ
Ͼ͸оתȻԾǴƿ֮С
񣬼æԱȡһʦɷֱӾ͸ƿϡ
һȫͱƿ֮Уʩչ
һ
Ϳļô죿ܹ£ҲѦɵС
ѦԱ߿ʩտʼʱȤʱ䳤ˣѾЩ˯ˡ
ʩϣԱߵĹܼҼæѣүүѾʩ귨ˡ
Ѧ֮͵۾һ˲۾ͷųһ⡣
ܿȥ
֮λϴֱһֺǺǴüĿˡ
ôˣԷͬ˻ˣ
Ѧ̸ղŵʵ㶼
Ѧ̱Ϻһηʮֵżǿڵӣ鲢Լô򵥡
ϾǱ˼ҵ飬ԼûбҪɰʵס
ЦǺǵĻشûдӦ˻飬ƶʩչѾƶţ죬Ҳ͸Эˡ
˵֮󣬰еĴƿ˾Ѧ̵ǰ˻Ρ
Ѧ̴ϲ
˾͵ˣ⼸컹ҵլСסȵ֮һ񣬰л
Ҿʹżˡ
ţţСסԡ
ЩϹܼң׼һСԺס
ͬʱǰȥջ֪ͨѾߺͳǲҪż
˵ѦϹﰲ˵ڲ֪Ķ֮УѾҳһš
λ˸ղʩչҪ׷ȥ
տʼ˳ǿҪͷʱķܿͱһֲ֪Ĺɡ
λ˵ĸӦУһɲ
ֻǸոһӴⱻ˾͸оԼЩҡҡ׹ʱҪ壬뵽ֹ֮С
һ¿ɰλŵòᣬ˸æĽеͷȫջء
ҲĿ죬ӹһ١
Ҫ֪򣬵λԲ¡
̺ŹһССĵܹӴġ
Ҫٲͻ᲻뵽Ĺ֮Уĺ͹Ϊһ壬ʧȥıҡ
λҲЩľսˣԼķǵλˣȻֻ
Էղ̽ĹôôԼһ߸ͲҪȻԼķˣΪٴҲ򲻹


279 Ūɳ׾
ĸھʱͻȻ֮Ůʮ˵ˡ
ĸף㲻صģȫŮôƽȻŮ𡣡
˺ʮһۣߣ֪ߵغ񡣾㸸׶Ƕ֣һСѾƬô
ĸףȻǳȴһ֮ģھȥѦңԼѸ׻
ʮ˵֮תҲǹˣ˴
ǹ˿ʮȻȻ뿪¶һ˿΢Ц룺һСѾͷȥ֮ǻز˰ɣ
ԭ˲ԭ䣬Դ޸֮󣬾Ͷ谮ʮʮֵļǺޣлὫСѾͷŪˡ
˵ʮ뿪˴ֱ֮⣬ʮ׼˷ֱѦҡ
Ҫ˵ʮҲֲ׳谮ȷʵЩ¡
һܹƼ
ʮһ䣬һ¹𣬽ڰա
ʮ磬һ·ǷɳʯܿѦҡ
ʮ˵ĶܿҲѦҵˡ
Щ˱Ѿ׼ЪˣͻȻ֮ɳ˸۾ʹУǿҲѴžžֱ졣
ʱ㣬һСԺȻԵõơ
ͻȻķɳֱӾͰһӵĺþƺò˸̣ˡ
ǳŭ͵̧ͷһ
֮УֻСɳ֮йЮһɫĹâ
⻹ʲô˵ģһˣȻǽԼѹǸİˡ
Ҳ̾ƣеķɳơ
绮ƳգеķɳͻȻľֹˣɳеӰ͵һȻڵء
ӰһڵϣϾͻһȹɢҵˡ
ʱѦҵѾ˲ԾʮӶˣѦ̵ĴѾСԺ
ǸսԺͿеһˡ
⻹ʲô˵ģһˡ
ˣѦһɢ
ͰһѦ¶ǸС˵ǰ
ѦΪѣǲǸһܵʱǸСѾӵվһȹ
ܿ˿Ȼ͵۾һѦ̵ǰ
ϱʮ
ѦҲһɵӣһԷԼϾˣΪԼҵϱ
ȻǰŮӿһǸ֡
ѦҲʮӣ͵ľȥһҲ͵ˡ
վſ˰ϷڼѦ̱ԼˣǰһѦԼ
ʱýָָŮʵ֣ƶǰңѵĲ֪
ʮղ񣬱ԷˣЩΣʻȻǰ˼е򸣡
СŮӲˣʮŮ֪ױյ꣬صظ
ȤĿǰСŮӡ
ĸãıѵĸףǰҵǰ
ʮĻЩ֣̿æ˫ϥڵأȻ
һжСŮ𣬺ҵĸ޹أ㿪ȱҵĸףСŮԸ档
ʮĻҲЩݡ
磬Եĳ񣬴ûмֿĸ顣
ԱߵѦ̣Źڵµʮ۾Ҳʼ˸
룺ѾͷȻ񣬵Ǹ鴾ӣĻԼĶҲǳԿ
Ѧ̶̵ʱ֮ڣ˼뾹Ȼʼת䡣
ʱЩò⣬׸ò÷
˵ɣȷʵһЩ£ȥ֮䱾Ĳк飬ǲԼ
˵ǰһС˽εεԼҪԼʯĳôԼ
Щҡת˿ԱߵѦ̡
˼㿴ô죿
Ѧ̼Լæǰһ˵ҿʮֿˣͷһɡ
д⣬ҲͷŹ±ߵʮ˵Ȼ飬ô¾ˣ㸸׻ȥ֮ϣȰȰҪǿѡ
лȱСŮһȰף£¡
˵ͷĻش⡣
ʹȡһƿȻѴƿŵʦɷȥ
ƿ̾ðһɻ̣Ȼڵһͱһ˵ģ
ʮһˣ̾͹ſߵݡ
Ů٣븸ˡ
ոĴƿЩ㱣ȹһŷӦǰһʮһ¡
Ůίˡ
Ů˱һʹ޲ѡ
￴ǸŮŮТܾЩ֡
ͻȻ֮䣬һʲôطͷ
Ҫ˵ԼȻ˵ʯĳҲô׵䣬ͱһСŮ޴򶯡
㾹Ȼ˾֮ģڵĽ𵤱㿪ʼٵת
Ž𵤵תǽͷŵĹʼܿռ
ֻÿռ֮žһǲһ
;ԼԴһ壬Ȼٿǰ龰ȻȻǸŮТӣȴû˸ղ֮ġ
һ»˵ʲôղԼһСŮӵĵ
˵ĲɫȻǹιǵĸֵ
СŮֻǽεε˵˼仰ԼȻ֪ıơ
¹ŵʮҲоԼķƣҲ¶˿ֻŵı顣
֪ͨҲֻɢȻ󻯳һŻ̡
̹ڵϵʮڿնҪ롣
ʱѡ
ֱӵ㣬ӻȡ˿
ǿֻһӣһѸٵ׷ǹɻ̡
ǻ̱ײУ̺ʧȥһ˵ϡ
ٻӿ⿽̾ͷųһɭֱӾӵǻ֮ϣ˿֮С
ɢ֮ڵֳǸʮӰ
һɵŭֱСŮԼƭԼĸ飬⻹˵á
Ҳ֣ףʮĻҲðǡ
Ѧ̱ղŵıʣѾЩĿɿڴˣ˵ĺúõҪһߣôˣգۼͶ˵
ô£
˵ղСŮӵĵСŮҵǰʩչҪǵǡҿҾѣ
ѦĻЩŰɡ
ղûиоԼʲôƽһĵطô˵˶Էķ
һ۾ͿѦ̵ɻ󣬲Ҳ׼ʲô
ֻ㣬ִӻȡ˼ŷ䣬ǰһʮϡ
⼸ŷ仹ʦɷҲõԼķ䡣
ֻǱһʮ͸оԼϵķȫӡϾͱһͨͨŮӡ


280 
ӡʮķڵʮѾһŮӡ
ԱߵѦ̿ʮЩ̣ʱҧûʮ˵ϾϵԼӵδԼԼƽΪһʱ»
ߵʮǰϸһСŮ֮Ц˳
С֣ԲȻƶǰˣˣô֪˰ɣ
ʮȻл֣̿ȸ֮ȴûа㶯ҡ
ֻʮͨһڵأߵͷ
ղԲ˵ҾȸеķϣҸ׵꣬СŮԸ档
ʮ˵仰֮¡
һ˼λŮԼǰ˵ĳѾˡ
ǣһԵ޳ɽ֮Щת䣬һ仯
˶ŮĿûκεķӦֻǵ˵֪գαص
֮תȡľ⣬Ҫ׷СŮһ
վһԵѦ¿ʮ£滨꣬Щܲˡ
Ǹæǰһס㣬ȻĿǸСӣ֪ɡ
ֵĴһѦ̣Ȼ󵭵˵Сӣͱ㶼ˡ
ѦĻЩΡԼҲû뵽⿴ֻʮһСȻôˡ
Ѧ̻ǵͷλȻղЩͻȸеķϣĹһаɡ
Ѧ̵ĻЩʹ졣
˵ⶼʲôѽʱ㻹ٰܰҵ㸮ϽħҸոսסҪһ򾡣㷴СŮ飬ѵ㿴
뵽ʱֵѦ̣˼˵ǰɣһֻܶˡ
Ѧ͵ˣҲЩһʲô
Ѧһ죬æ͵ġҿŮȻǸ֣ͨ͸˵໹ҪһЩҵϾͷ
Ѧ˵֮󣬾㡣
һ룬ŮȷʵĻТģһϣ඼޷ƥС
ͿһϣʱҲûʲôΪԼٶһˣˣҲǾ֮͡
ǿĵͷ˵Ȼ飬ôһؾ
֮һʮϵŷ䣬̾ƯƯػصС
ϵʮһ뿪Լ壬͸оԼķµĿʼҲ
ʮﲢûվǼ㹧ߵס
ȱʮڣȻһ࣬ȴҲ֪ĸ֮˲ܹŸףΪҶѣһҸףʮԸ̷Ի˶
֮ҲЩ̾
ԭΪʮ֮һϽ뿪û뵽ȻڻΪ飬ûиıԡ
ɴ˿ɼ֮ϵģװװӡ
㻹ĲŹΪǸСëڸ˷ˣ÷ȥ֪Ҫɳʲô
ʮ࣬תͷȥĻٴͷֱ졣
ȱȱ
ʮһ߿һᣬ˺еѾѪɫ
վһԵѦ̿ʮ˿Ѿ絶ʡ
ҲԱ߸ʮ߹ģϣܷŹǸ
ڶѦѾȫĲ֪ôˣԼǼ˵£ϾҪˣȴ飬ʲô
ѦЩΣǵͷ͵ТĵУС־ȸ֮ģʮָж֪ҵĶӽ󣬻᲻Тģ
˵ʱѦһĸ̾
ͷһ£һηŹҲûʲô
˵ˣֻҪԼԣҲǶ񾯸棬ֻҪٴΪʱ¾˭Ҳûá
ԭ֮⣬һҪԭ򣬾ʮﳤʵ̫Ưˡ
εεǰֵܼͣڣѾǼᶨ
ðɣȻ˵ТģҾʱŹĸףǻҪ˵ǰ档
ʮ㿪ʼ¿ڣȻˮѾһĨЦݳ֡
ʲôԸ
һηǳĸףϣӴԺԣҪŰգԺٴʲôõԣʱͱҶˡ
ģһȰ״ӴԺаһΪհ£ٴŰա
ðɣȻ˾ʱ㸸ס
˵֮ó˿ڰһӡ
ֻǿоͷųһɻ̣ڵһֳ
ڴľľվڵϣ˺ðŷӦ
̧һ㣬̹ڵͷأȻ˵л˲ɱ֮СӴԺΪ֮Ǵӡ
ȻˣӽԺҪƴգҪǶ𹩷
ǣСӴԺ󣬶ȻΪչʩ¡
Ȼˣȥɡ
ģָ˼Σͻһɻ뿪ˡ
ȵ񲻼ӰתͷʮȻЩʵôĸһȥʲô
ˣղѾԣֻ˷Źĸ׻ȥҴӴԺΪūΪŮźˣôΥԼԸ
֮ĵͷ
ʮﻹ֪жģԼǲܰߡ
ΪԼѾŮȥ֪ôѾٴһεεС˻ȥѾַ졣
㲻ֻҪǼסΪƣǶҵıˣȥɡ
˵֮תٿʮˡ
ʮĿһıӰȻҧҧ촽¶ġ
֮ĶıӰһͷȻת뿪ˡ
ȵŮ뿪֮תͷ۾¶źɫ
˵СΪʲôһң£ҲҾˡ
˵ʵҲЩڣһС˾ԼŹˡ
ˣҲûãϾҪһ档
Ѧլϯ⼸Ĳ͡
ϯ֮ѦҲԭȵĳŵ׼һٶİ
ЩӿɲˣС˵У˹һ˵Ǽǧӡ
ʵУһѾ߰˽ˣǧǵװ
ڵһĹԹʮĶ
ɼһѦĸл㣬ĻһͨĸҲóô㡣
ЩҲȴ֮Լá
Ѧסһ죬ڶ»ص˿ջ
ոս˿ջĴţͿǽŮһڿջĴⷢء
ߵԱߣһļ
ûзһ£ŵֱӼ


281 ش
ļ֮󣬲㶼ѷƷˡ
ھƵ֮еЩʳǣҲ۾˹
ҿִ˼Сļϵʱ򣬶¶˱ӵ
ڽ֮󣬲ŷվԵԭ㡣
һС̾˷ܵվץʵүˡ
ˣȻҪ
ǿ˰ɣ
ȻϢһҹ磬Ȼ̡
һҹ޻ڵڶϵʱųѾľͳˡ
·ϵʱܾñʲô˸š
·ɹģԼĳں׹Լһ·СĽһ˿⡣
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôһ·ϻƽһЩССֵ֮⣬ûʲô鷢
»ص˿ɽ͵
ٻص֮һЩС鷳
ԭѾ˴˵Ѿ˴֮²ǰȥӭ³֮󣬺߸ŮɫϾͱࡣ
֮󣬶ѾĹĵǰȻûĵʦ֣ǻˡô˻ѵ˲ɣ
㱻ԩˣǴĽ͡
˵ʲôôƾף
˭˵Һ˵ˣ˶ˣʲô
ڶѾȡ㣬һˡ
һգͰȥˣѾҲԼһгǷ˳ռͺԼìܡ
۾˵ɺԺٺ͡
˵֮ҲѾʹˣķȥˡ
ѾıӰкᣬ˶Ҳȥ
ȵſڵʱ򣬷˺ѾȺˡ
رˣһ㣬͸ϽĹȥ˴Ȼŵһƽˣŵòѽ
΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻп˵һʧ֣ЩֶûʩչҪǶԷ޻ء
һԼϮ㵽ڶڻ
ΪһԼʵǹڵĴæˣҪ֪Լмѹ׵ĹûʩչĻǵʿҲһܰԼô
ͱ˵ǷصֻͨҪԼʩչǵʿٴһʱҲԼûа취
ԼлԼķ
ֻҪǹˣͲǸʿܺһ˶Կ
ΪʱԼͷöԷץסԼдһ١
˺˲֪ʵƣΪֻӲ
࿴˿ҲƣϾ㻹ЩģҵĴ¶˵ġ
˺Ц˵֪ģҪǵʿ͵ϮĶ֡
ҲһԸŹά㡣
㿴ԲԵӣҲûа취͡
ܼҿΣ˵үһ·಻ȻϢһ£ʲôԺ˵
˵ںǸոջĵţȻ˵ͻˣͻˡһʱĵĸˣȻһ·糾ͣҪϢ
Ϣ죬ݷá
˵֮칰˹֮󣬾ʹ˺ܼ뿪
ֶ֮Χŵĸλ׹˹֣ҵл֮Ž
Ƚȿληʦ
ڵληʦָֻԭȵӣǴŴҲˣʱĻ
ηʦ̬Ȼԭǫ
һǰʩһʣȻ˵֪ˣʰ䣬˵ӭʱ䣬Ҫ
ӭӭֻһʽֻҪˣĶҪ
˵֮Ϳʼڲڵʱ䣬ԱߵĲ´ɨʰߴζ
ԲķŬŬ죬ʵô£ҿͦʢġ
ηʦЦĻشⲻҵĴɶ㻯ڲһķ񣬹ǲΰݡ
Ļһ룬Ȼƽ˵ĴܣүֻһССĵôܹռλ˾Ӳס
ηʦ֮۾һȻĵ˵˰һӭλϣǸүԱ߰һСˡ
ףϾҲ˵ĵ̣ǲԸ񡣡
ηʦ֮ӺԴȻ˵Ǿֻ̣ڸ޽һˡ
⵹Ǹð취¾ɡ
ηʦӦһȻΪѵ˵Ҳ֪˰ǰ׬Ǯ඼ĹˣڻȻһЩʱڲġ
˵֮ۿ㣬˼˵Ǯ
ҡҡͷηʦȻڱԼշˣԭûһ˿ı䡣
㲻ҪģҸӣڸһҲˣʡᡣ
ηʦ֮۾һ
Ҫ˵ηʦҲǿһֱʧڽƯ˴뱲ӡ
òǻɣԳԶٱȻƾŸǵĹϵǿռΪܼٻˣֱˣ챻ԭˡ
п˵ⲻˡ
Ƕ΢ʣҲԭȶˡ
Ҷռطûطȥֻš
ڿɺˣǮһͿ˳еףְλֻҪԺʵʵĸɣôӦٲԼģڣȻϲʵҲǼ¡
ηʦ˼䣬ת˲
һֻмλãһߵ
ý𲭽ȫǣһĻƽͺȥˡ
֮⣬ıʯ׺Щʯļ۸ӦҲǲơ
ɲһʵķʦܹ쵽ġ
תͷһηʦʵô£ǵϵһűʯˡڸȡ˰ɣ
ĸѽ
ηʦشһ䣬Ȼ۾ָǼ˶ڵţĵؿ˵װıʯͻƽ𣬶ǻġ
仰ǻȻ
Ҫ˵ǻȷʵ첻ЩӦû˺ܶǮƣܹȫóɼѾ
΢΢ĵ˵ͷ˵Ѿһ
ո˵仰ͻȻͿڵһǣܳһֻǡ
ֻǻð̹⣬һһֻꡣ
ֻĹ֣Ǻ֪ʲô˰ĸղǾ仰˶ĳŵ


282 س
ֻǣ㲢ûжעΪֻԼһʱժµӡ
֮ӳ˲ôԼаȻҪһЩˣԼҲûʲôʧ
ֻԶԶĵ˵ͷ㲻ֻǡ
˹ǰϸϸĺһۣôúЦ
Ϊںӵʱͨһ㾹ȻͨӽǣվڹǰԼ
ԼڿԼѽֵĸоЩú档
վһԵηʦ㣬㣬ֱ㶵վ۾
æǰѵ֪ǵңڷŲ˽⡣λʵ飬ҿ㻹ĺãʡ
΢΢һЦ㣬͹ôвҡ
ηʦ㻰ŵûһ
ǰȻ˵ڮĻҪ⵽Ӧǿһԩ
ηʦ޿ֵӣֻͰѵͷȰ˵˻ȥ
뿪˲ոԺоͿѾ˻š
˵˭Ҳ˭
һŰ˾ѹ
Ѿ۾һȻѸղŵĲȫ׵ԺĵԱߣץһֻ֣ʾƵĿ˿վ硣
ɲѾֻߵǰһ򸣣Ȼ©һЦ˵үҺӣһѾߵ֣Ժס
ͷԸԼԵηʦ˵żӸס
Ȼͣһִӻȡһӣηʦ˵ǸȥϢһ°ͿԻȥˡ
ηʦӹӣæȥԺųϢĳȥˡ
ʱ򣬶Ѿץĸ첲һҡһʵʦ֣Դ첻֮ҿ˺ü죬ƽˡ
Ŷ㵣ˣҵĲǡ
վԱߵգ۾ŶѾȻ˵۾ͣǾ¶һ˿м
ѾͷԼһ¶ˣҪĵʱ䳤˿ӣڵ۶ῴ
ԭһ·֮ϾĻ˽һ
һ·ϣѾ֪ԼҪ־Ѿ
һ·ˣҲҲӦˣȽϢһ£Ҹ׼ˣ֮˯һ
ãǾ鷳ˡ
˵֮˦˶Ѿĸ첲ֱԼķ䡣
Ժֻ¶ѾĹĵĿıӰ
ߵ˶ѾԱߣ˵ûʶСѾͷԼһˣҿû˵ĳ谮ô죿
Ѿȴתͷݺݵĵһۡ
֮һڣķ̹һһޣļϡ
Ǹ绹ûӦͿѾſһҰףͬʱð̹Ĺޡ
Ҫ˵ֻһͨСŮʲô֣ڱĹӤһţ̷ſɤһС

˵ĲңѾ㶼һΪеϮ
ȵ߿Ժʱ򣬾ͿѾļϵǹӤвء
ﻹףСŮڶء
㲻׼Ԥֻҡҡͷ»ȥˡ
ѾбۿݣһǺѵ
ڼȥˣϾ˼ʦֲ׼ԤԼˡ
˶Ѿ̧ͷǿ׳죬ֺ˵˰ɣҺĲͬںʦ׽ҲֻǸѾߣȴʦֵʦãǰԶأҿʲô
ڵҲӳ˹Ҫ֪ǸͨΪʦõĶѾӦҲЩ¡
ѾٻһЩҲӦġ
˵ˣѾҲֻŻŻԼı£ҲùֺԼ
֮Ҳٺˣ۾ŶѾ˵⣬ʱ仹ء
˵֮󣬾һŤϸֱӾʹһһֱطȥˡ
ڵĶѾĻ⣬ھһֻʤ˵ĹҡʵβͣԺʾԼء
죬ηʦʼæһڵĵ֮󣬾Ϳʼļ֣ʼľ
ηʦҪ½һ飬Ǿ˫ֻӭġ
ǰͲηʦϿ뿪֮һŵùտ
ʱѾԹڱƿµĿͷ
㣬ͷʦһֱĵģЩռȵ
ڿɺˣηʦҪ¯ˣ˵ĺ£ȻҪȫ֧֡
˴ͷǿأҲǰ͵ĸηʦ
޽ʱ˸ǴİæǮҳˣǶԱԼеСǰȥæ
Ϣ˼֮󣬾ѾˣԼûԼĵȥˡ
һηʦеԼķӻȡ˶ʮƽ𣬵ݵǰ
ЩӾ޽ΪãʣģЩڸ¼ȡΪ㿪𡣡
ηʦ۾Żƽ۾̰ԴƯڣûмôƽǰ
ǰǹһ˵ʱЩƽͱ֮ˡ
ԼʱһɣǸҲûǸӡ
ЩƽһӶܶʱ򻹵Լ
㽻Щ֮󣬾Ѿ鿪ʼʰң׼Լȥ
ڶ峿ʱ˭ҲûиߣʹŶѾѾ뿪
ӿɽ͵أǻһξ롣
һҲ׼׼Ųȥ
Ҫ˵·ѾȻǲ£ΪũҵľͿʼɽ
ЩܲˣȻѾߣڸ֮ңû߹ôԶ·
ûʮ·ͿʼСȶӴתĥۡ
һʵͷѾߵֻüûж˵ʲô
ΪԼԼֻ֪һСС۵Ĺ
Ѿܲ࣬Ļȥĺãʡֵò졣
ѾͷȻǽһЩ־㲻Ӳҧһ졣
ϵʱ·ߵһСջˡ
Ҳ˲źˣڷֱӾͻطϢˡ
ѾڲԱߣ˵ӣмƲƲ죬Ȼ˵ʦ֣㿴ѾߵӣҲ֪źź㡣
ô˵û߹·ҪӦһʱ䣬Ҫ
֮һ£˵һҲòѾߣһ㣬㿴һ
Ѿ⻰۾ˣ֮Сӿʼת֪ڴʲô⡣


283 º«ư
ѾĹأĳŵ۾һתһֵİ취
ҿ粻ǳĻ飬ֽҾϲˡ
ãǴӽԺź㡣
ţлʦ֡
ڵù֮㽫Ѿ߽еԼǰ
ѾȽľګԲûиоʲô֡
ȴһѾ߹˼أڽʱѾֺӣټϸղǽȥ֣أ֪ʲôҪˣҶǶԼ
һ˵òź򣬴ӽԺȥźѾС
Ļ;ǰһڣȻԺֳָʱѾӣ϶СãǰŪǷǡ
ȻҲûа취ֻʱίԼһ£ѾҧȵлʱһѾһɫ
ϴҾСջסһҹڶ糿Ǽسȥ
ڰʱڿسǵĳǽ
˳תת˵۵ſڡ
Ҫ˵Ѿ뿪Լϳһʱˣ»Щпǧ
һس֪ˣڼǧպãһѡ
ߵĶѾû̾ǰ㣬Ȼֱߵ˴ǰӻȡԿ׿š
ʱŴԼƽŶѾ˴š
֮㿴˿ԼСۣȻָ᷿һ䷿˵ԺסǼ䷿ˡ
Ѿ˿ĵͷǼ䷿סĶ᷿档
ĴӦһǡȻָȥʰȥˡ
öѾȥԱߵСһЩʳ͵ˣȻ糾һ·۵ļˣ͸ԻطϢˡ
ڶϣڶѾĺǳġ
໹ЩԺ۾ε⿴˿Ѿоѽ·ոϢһôˡ
εĴԼۣһֻѾվԺָɨԺء
Ҳ˼ղûֵʱǶɿ죬Ǻһ㣬öѾҵѵһ١
һ֣̾Գһӣ㣬ģ˶ίһ
ɲǳ磬ЩСŮİϷͲֻתͷֱȥʦ㡣
Ѿڽӵ㲻磬ӵĵˡ
ʲôϽԺɨ꣬һȥһ㣬춼㷹ԡ
翴ԼľûϣˣֵµĶͿûһĹԺӾͱɨøɸɾ
Ѿǰʼ׼͡
Ҫ˵ڶѾҲͷˣǰʱ³ֻվڳſָѾ߾ˡ
緹֮һԼĵۣȻĶԶѾ˵ʱǶûΣ࣬ӽ쿪ʼΣȻٸ
е飬Ѿʮ֣صأһ˵ĵͷ
Ӧ
˴ոµĵۣȻĽ˴ʼʦǰΡ
û¸ɵ飬վڵĽؿŶѾ
ΪԴӳʹûвμӹκεĴͻеļȻͲǽʳá
νемʱͻȻ۵Ĵű졣
ͻȻǱ۾оģŲʡ
ѾĶͲһЩȻȻڿоģ۾ȴתЩסˡ
ţѾҲҶֻҧֵϡ
ȵˣ۾һץĶѾ˵ȥɣ˭ˡ
ѾķԸ̾ʹ֮󣬷ɿȥ
Ѿ򿪴һվŵһۡ
˭
ʮֵĶòѾһȻŹ˵Сɹã
Ѿֵĵ˵ͷû˵
ۼˣæЦ˵·̫ү֮ǰ
£Ѿɲ˵һ£ҽȥͨһ
Ѿ˵֮󣬾ٴιؽ۵ţص˴
ʦ֣и㣬˵̫үġ
֮תһȦѵ̫үȨʲô£ȻĻԼͷһŵڶԼˡ
Ͻ˴
Ѿ˷Ը˴˼ͻȻͣȻվһԵ˵㣬ȥߵ۴
ڶѾֵǵ˴ùˡ
ûа취ܲͷֻίίߵ˴ſڣš
һȻվһۡ
ɣǵүڴء
ߵ۱ֵһ㶣û˵г˶ѾбŮģôˣôһεѾߣ
Ȼв⣬۱ʮֵƽ˵ۡ
Ƚ˵ۣѾվǰˡ
ۼ㣬Ͻǰʩ
Сģ
̫үʲô˵
صүǰһ˵Ҫ̡
üһ£ӿɽ͵һ·ϣСƹҲ˼ΣҲû˵سǷʲôѽ
ۼ㷢㶣Ͻ˵үϾ֪ˣֻ֪һ·ۣûдţһǰӭˡ
۵˼ʮԣǸ㣬үѾȵüˣϽ߰ɣˡ
ðɣԵƬ̣һ·̾ȥ
˵֮öѾкۣԼطȥʰ·ȥˡ
һ´ӷгѾһոµĳ񲼵ۡ
֮ѾغŻԼ۳˴ţֱسŶȥ
ţȨڴſѾȺʱ
Ȩһˣ̾˦Լ£ǰץ֣ʹҡҡ
һȥЩʱ򣬿ˡ
ڵЩӦĵĳԼ֣ȻŴ˸˵ô˹ˣƶĲʡ
ڴſں˼䣬Ȩʹŵĺã֮
ȵѾ裬˳˺֮ȨŶ˵ʱһֱⱼû˵ʲôϢ𣿡
㱻ˣԼû˵ʲô鷢
²裬ԡ
Ȩ˲豭۾˵ʱɽİԽķ巨ǿ͢ǰȥΧ˶ʧˡ
ϢҲЩԾ
ǺԹһģ뷨ȻǱ͢ĹҲǿȥ
ȨĿУȴǳ͢ĸĶ飬ѵʱõʲôǷ


284 
ȨҲɻ󣬡ʵ͵˵ɣԭȵʵͳ͢ļλҲǲ£һز֪õһ
˵ʱȨҲ¶һ˿Ŀ־塣
Ǳһ춼ƣ֮޹е˶ᣬвͱ뵽֮С
üʲôȻô
Ȩ̾˿Ȼ˵ڰ̵Ѿ˳͢ĴУѾˡ
ˣֻһҰ⳯͢ϵĴҿǸԤˡ
뵽ȥˣȨ˵仰ʱҲ¶һ˿
ģ͢Ѿ¶Ҫ̣ټ¸ʿһ֣˳͢ƣҲ
˵仰Ȩ˲豭һ۽ǣ͵㣬ı
룬ЩͷۣʵͰ̵̯ˮ
Ҫ֪̿Щ̵ģرǸĸǿԼҲǶ֡
ҲǸĸõ˹ķѾڹע̵飬ֻҪһ͹Լһܵġ
Ȩ㣬ٳٵĲ̬Щˡ
ʱҲ˳͢Ķô͢Ҫʱ򣬾á
㿴ЩˣԼҪǲǳ֣Ժûкùӳԡ
ȻԼ¶ԷİأѾ磬¼ҹ˿ˡ
Ҫ˼˼
˼ǰ󣬾þһҲûʲôϾһزԼĴŴһ֣ʱԼںߣȱסԼİȫ˵
ˣħά°Щ˵ı֣Ȼ͢Ҫҵȳ֣ô͹
ȨӦˣϵ̾ͲˣЦ³ϡ
ãҾ֪壬һܹ̣һ͢빦ʱļӷ
Цһҡҡͷ
ɲҪʲôӷ⣬ľƽƽûκţһ·ƽﵽ˰
ջڵ֮Ϣ죬ȹ쳯͢ǱϢȥ
ðɣôɡ
˵֮󣬾վˡ
Ȩ԰ͳ˴ţʧ˽ֽǣ»
ȵȨ»ص֮Ѿһģˣ˲Ǻ½ܡ
Ҫ˵½ҲǴܳ̽͢еһԱͬʱҲų͢Ĺ
ڳ͢Ųķ
ȨˣϽǰʩһȻ˵Ȩˡ
½ܵ˵ͷȻָָԼԱߵλȨ¡
Ѿ߳ȥ˲в裬»µ衣
ʱȨʵˣô𣿡
Ȩ˵ʱЩΪȻɷͣȨΪܱȵϣŵλ͢Ĺ
½ܶŲ豭̾һȻ˵㲻֪Ƿȴʮֵĸǿ
˵ʱ򣬺½ܷ˲豭۾ÿն
ǰһʱ䣬ڿ⸮סһǸɲСԴӳ͢ңüΧˣȻ뿪
½˵ʱһЩһڲ裬֮˵һһֻͷΡⱦڵҲˣǸ㽵˺֮ȴ֪䣬ҿӦС
ʱȨʲôǲ˵ĪһΧ˰̣Ҫõ
岻֪ʲôˣȻһıڳ͢¶ûа취һλϹ˷ͷΡ
λϹΪǷͷķǴ֮ĵõǼĿǡ
Ȩһ£Ȼ˵һǸϱʡ鷳
̫ˣǼǰҲ뷨Ǹ㾹ȻܽסǺӦѾ˽𵤣ﳯ͢ͽỹô
ҿʮֵǵҶסİѱ
ǸϼһֻһʱĽңټ㻹ûԼ״ʲôλȵӦǸСܵġ
½¶ֻı飬ͬʱһ˿ݡ
ڿ⸮Ѿ̾ʱ̫ˣټһûʲôɫֻǳϱ
ϳ͢ļ嶼Ѿˣֻǻǣûжְˡ
һɺãֻҪǸӦһɫôߵЩһƲ
ʱ壬¾Ҫɢˡ
ȨҲ˺½ܵ˼Ҳʼתơ
ҪǸǵĵ̨ˣô˵ҲһᣬʱҲܴзһֲܹǨ⸮ȥһο⸮֪ء
Ȩͺ½˻࿴˿¶ղ΢Ц֮󣬾Ͱѻ˵˰̵ϡ
͢һγЩˣ᲻ǰһ޹
Ӧòˣһγµһɽɽţ⣬ĸɶемǰȥ
Ȩ֮۹һȻĬĬĵ˵ͷ
Ҫ˵µҲ߰˸Щɵһûа̵
Щ̿ɾЩˡ
µıеķͷ࿹̻ǻᱻ
˵뿪ãصԼĵۣ֮ЩƲ֡
쳾¹Ȼһһʲôʱ
Уȥ뵽ȥͱˣɴ͸˵ȥɡ
˱뷨
ͬʱҲԼѵиеڣ֪һƧ˼ʺĵط޽ۣһ鷳¡
㿴һְͷת˰ϣʱֵ̫ˣȻͳ͢ζݣȻ˳͢԰̵ĵôܺʹ࿹⡣
뵽ʱ㲻ɵõǸ
˼ʲô뷨˴ĹķҪǽ˲뵽ܵǣ紫ļƻЩˡ
ԽԽģͨϵǹķһǱߵô¡
ϥԼĴϣرģȻʼǣλеĹ塣
ֻһ˲䣬ͿԽ޾άȣһľ֮С
⾻һͣȻ»һ⣬˴ɽڡ
ɽ׸ϸһȽƫƧСԺСԺ֮мӵŮӣΪ׵ľλˡ
λڷ֮йڹǰĬĬͬʱй
ͻȻ֮䣬˸оһӴٵ֮УȻ˹ϡ
һ㶣Ȼϲǹע⵽СطͬʱҲע⵽ˡ


285 ̽
λĹ񣬿ɲͨһ̥ǹһ߷
ˣ޾ͨ
һڹķ֮ϣ̾޾ͨĵӿֻҪһͨͻ֡
ڵĽ˹ڹǰ
ϣŮ
˵֮ڽǰͶصĴ
ӵйֻͨڽһɨ֪Ĺȥδ
֪ĵϸ֮ҲһЩľԭǰڿʼ£ҲλƵ⡣
λѾ׼̣¯ˣȻĻҲĲǡ
ͨʼٴ֣򸽽ɨȥ
ֻһ£صӳ
⸽أͽѾ˼ɵĵزڴ֮ϹȻĴ̡
ЩٸǣҲǶԶԶģκεĸԤ
ڳ˹Ȼ췴ʵѾ췴鶼ˡ
ֲó͢ѾסˣǲǰȥΧˡ
ٴɢܿҵλ̵Ľ塣
λһ֮ϣ˵緢ڴ±߻վʮ̵ĸ߲㡣
ЩһҲԭˣǴ·Ҳ׹Ž˿
еһǳϤǶ֮ǵλŮͽܡС
ʵ˵㻹ĶСЩΣΪ˵õǱؼ׷ɱСȻСˣȴɱСɷŽԩ
֮УСѾһɹɵĲ
ֲǳϤ޳ڵı־
С̫ã̶̵ʱ֮ûнָİȻǿĸĽȡ
㷢һ֮üͷ壬ɱ
ԼҪǱɽİУٶȻǳĻСûͨȻٶܹǿԼɼʷǷ
ҪǼţŮӽֲûԼ´ˡ
ڸǹķĴһɱ̾Ŀ־彵١
ڴ֮ϵ˶оһɭϢ֮ϣرСоĿ⣬Լϣһɹ֮ͷֱŵס
Ҳоԣ͵վ˷ۣĴĹա
Уûκε״һ룬͵ĴӻȡһС죬Ȼ󵱿ҡҡ
ҡ͵󣬽֮Ʊ㲼
֮£γһɺȫĹеԷ򶼱ųڴ˵ؾȻγһܵظա
ԩһ۶ಡˣҲǿеĳ˻ǣ۵Щ֮С
ЩĹֿҲҡе졣
ҡɭ֮ԽԽŨ󣬾֮վŵЩ̵ĸ߲㣬ҲоһĹԼ·
ҡžŰʮһΣⷽԲʮĿռ֮ѾȫûԷֻԷڡ
ʱָֻ򾲣վߵ˴֮⣬Ȼϥڵϣʹ˳
һ뿪̾ʹŽ͸ԹΪһ塣
һоԼͨ޵󣬺ѾصķΪһ壬ֻҪһͻή١
޾ʼɨ踽Ŀռ䣬ҪҳԼˡ
Ҫ˵ڵ壬ǱѾӵ˰֮壬ֻһܴﵽ֮
¾޳˽𵤳ɾ͵ɣڵҲǶ֡
ڸǹķӵ
Ȼɨ踽Ŀռ䣬ֻǷռ֮һ޵ڲͣɨ
ƸĹҪβ׽ԴͷǶ޹
ǹѾ뵽֮У˹֮ϣǷ侹Ȼκεİ취
ڿЩˣ⵽·ĸˣȻͨҪǳ͢һˣԼɾΣˡ
⻹һθо¡
Ҫ֪Դӷĸʱ깵֮ͨս޲ʤ͢Щ˹Ķӡ
УֻҪǲϷĸѾ޵ˡ
ô£ѵпԺͷĸ
ܿͰͷ׵ƾ⡣
Ϊ˽һЩĸͨԴʶĸǷĸʮֵǿƣɵĸˣڷĸǰõͷ
Ȼǳ͢ˣѵǷĸǰĶͷ
뵽ʱҲЩԼټĸһ˽ĻԼĴ¿ɲһܳɡ
ڵѾ޵׵һߣһ˼žǾ֮λ
ڵѾʼҡķȻͣȴʣѾԭ⡣
ȥԾѾ޷Ʒʱⲻ߻ħ֮Σ
ڵڷ޵еĿ֮УûзеΣ֡
λĸһȴӶΪ
еɨеˣ˽嵱ʱ֮Ҳͣ͵ؾ˻ص˹ķڡ
ȻǹĹǰ
㿴ǰλЩĳȡ
û뵽λ˾ʱĻʹˡ
ŮȻܳ͢µĸɣŪڹ֮С
ǹԳ֣ԼҪǽŮûκεʤ㡣
Ŀڽ˵ϵʱԸоˡ
ϲڹǰĬĬ
Եһʱ䣬ŮѾȫļƻȵ˼ˣŮܹΪܽͽһҪܳ͢
ڹ֮ĬĬĵ˵ͷ
г͢һμȫΧ˰̣㻹λὫһ򾡡
رλܹɹصүĻ֣ǲ
֪ǰλŮǻɹصүλĸ
ڵĽ˿ԼдеˣԼȻܵ𺦣һΧ˵ʱҪʰһβʡó֪͢Ĵڡ
ԼҲǳ͢õˣʱֻҪʩֶΣӦÿס˵Ĵڡ
뵽֮зųһ⣬һͽٵ˽˵ϡ
ǽͻȻ֮оڤڤ˾ʾ
̾һľһμԼļƻȷʵЩ
رǼԼİ̽ͽǴˣҪǱ͢ˣ̲Լǿɾ鷳ˡ
뵽ʱ򣬽ǰֳСӰͬʱҲѾ¶ģ˻ó͢ס


286 
ﵽĿ֮˳˹ķصԼ֮ڡ
֮ϣſأϸһղһУóۣ˿Ѿ֪鲻ԣ㵽˼ϳӦûʲôΣˡ
ҸղԼѾ˾ʾţ˼һ֪ôġ
һԼͿԷĴ󵨵ĸų͢ĹȥΧ˰ˣõԼ³ʲô⡣
˼֮½Լо֮ϣʱڸֵԭѾˣټѾ޳ɣһЩԡʱķûʵԵ
ںòм찲ʱ䣬ڿ԰ĹһԼΪΪһ޳׼
ʱһξ͹ȥˡ
ֱһ۵ű죬Ŵ֮ѹ
ӷʱѾѾ˴š
ڴվһЦеĸ̣ʶһδ͸Ƶĺ½ܡ
֪˲һ㣬Ҳҵǰ˵´Сۣԣ쵽
³çҪ֡
˵֮ͺ½˱ЯŽķ䡣
ΪʲôΪԭȵʱۻһ鷿Ϊ͵ĵطǵ˺ֶѾߣЩסˣֻķ֮д͡
ո£裬ֱͺ½ܵǰȻ˳˷䡣
½ܶ豭һڣȻЦ˵Ѿݲؽˡ
´˵Цˣǰһʱһλ˼ңλԱѾߣʵѲŴû
½֮󰵰ĵ˵ͷ˵ʵѾ̽ˡ
ͬʱ½ܵ˾ҲǸƳ˿֮ġ
ƳûκεĹ֮Ǹ鷳ʹÿ첻òƣĹЧʵ̫ˣȻܹۼˡ
Ҫ֪ʥ磬ۺʲô¶
½Ȼ֪£ȴøԤϾȻ˵ͲСҲǹõĺģλͷϴ˵㲻ʲô
˺½ܺǲµһһѻת˿
͢ѾϢһظɶɳһǰ̣֪ʲôʱ̣
׹ˣԭ½ǹߴԼ
Ѿ׼Ѿȫ׼һζԼʲôʧҲˬ˵ƶѾȫ׼ʱ̡
ãʹ졣½ܶûκεѣ⡣
ȻǾ̡
һӺ´˵İš
Ͼ
˵֮󣬺½Ҳûٴ㣬Ȼˡ
һֱѺ½ͳ˵۵Ĵţֱ½Ӱŷصĵۡ
ոһۣͿĲԸĶѾ磬վﶼ۾ͨĿԼ
üǰʱ㻹òʱһЩСʮֵȤ
޳֮㲻֪ԷһЩ仯ҲԽԽԡ
㻹ǿĴЦݣοǵҲ뿪Ĺõǰĵڵдţһ֮Ǵö
ڵֻѾߣԻʮֵķ
ΪʦõĶѾȴûֹ˼ɣܵǰץ䣬ʵʦ֣Ҳһʱ䣬һһȥɡ
´һ¶ѾȻٶʮֵĿ죬ѾǳǿˣٹһʱӦܹвҩ
֮ǰȴҪֱһˮɣʱӦþ
ҡҡͷ˵ڵ˹ؼʱ̣ϾҪд졣ʱ͸òɼҩʱӦԲҪˡ
Ѿ֮Ĭһ£̾һҲ˵ʲôˡ
磬Ѿǰӣʼ׼һӵķʢƲˣѾȴæǰæ׼Ÿеҡ
ڶϣľʦǰ㣬ʦԼһƽ¡
ȻְԼõļȫϡ
ûԶѾΪ׼ͣĹžһα졣
ⲻˣһǸ½ֹˡ
εԱߵʹһɫ
죬ʮֲ˵߳⣬򿪴һȻǸ½ܡ
½ҲĲˣӣƿֱķ䡣
Ƚһ緹
Ҳһˣ½ܽ˵һ䡣
緹ûУûгԵĻһԵ㡣
ãļûԷ
˵֮½ܾͲö棬һԷε˵׼ꡣ
Ǹʵˣûж̧ۿ˿ԱߵĶѾ
Ѿ˵ͷ
˶ѾģֻŸϳţΪ½׼ꡣ
ȵ֮󣬺½һĨ죬Ȼ˵ʱ䲻ˣǸˡ
˵ͷȻһԵ˵׼Ҹùɡ
̾ʹԱߵһóһİԱߡ
㿴֮üͷֱ壬ֻǳԶţЩӺͻϴ·ˣôһʲô
ҲĲǵ˵ǶѾС׼ġ
ѾԼˣݺݵĵһۣȻ˵ʦ֣һ·ԶУߵЩɾԼҵõķģ˵ⶫҲãȻ˸Ч͡
˵ʱ򣬶Ѿ˿Աߵĺ½ܣ˼˵ú½ܰŰ
½ˣû취ֻЦվ˵Ǹɣš
˵֮ǰһͽǸԼ
㿴ź½ܱ˰żʵ˵ô˼أ´Ҳǳ͢٣ôö
½죬Ҳѧˣԭȴˡ
ûû£һΪ͢ЩС¡
̾һðɣȻôִˣҲֻǹˡ
ԱߵĶѾ翴װģӣֱЦ
½ܱŴԱ߶Ѿ˵Ĺ񣬾Щ²̨ǸϽĴ㡣
ʱ䲻ˣߵĳأǻǸϿ̰ɡ
ðɣھ̡
˵֮վȥ
½ܱǸȫͲһõĴĸһ
˳Ժţֻڵ۵ͣһԱ߻վһ
תͷŶѾ˵Ҳڵʱ䣬ص֮ţǡҰǽʬҲ㣬һʲôҲиӦ
Ѿ۾˵ͷʦֲصҡϣʦһȥһ·˳磬ƽ


287 
ͺ½˵۵ſڣֻѾӵȴ
Ӽͺ½ܳ̾ǣƥǰ
ͺ½˷ͷ˿վſڵĶѾˣ΢΢ĵͷȻһ޸ں½ֱŶȥ
½ܺ˴뿪أһ·򶫶ȥһ·ҹޣʮĹڵɽʡ׸ϸ
½ǴӴǣȻһ·ѲԱߵһԺ
Ժӿۣһĸ˼סĵطǵȵǽԺӺ󣬲ŷԺʮֵݻ
½ܺԺӷǳ˽⣬ԺҲͱ˴кֱӾͰ쵽˲ԺһСԺ
֮Ͱ˼Ա֮뿪ˡ
İĵطҲùڴűˣֻڷ֮ĥ
Ȼ˵ֻмĹ򣬵ǰѱĸٶȿ˵һǧ
رĹ֮ڣԽ֣ҲͽڵǹԿʼĬĬ
ֻҪٹһʱ䣬ܹͽڵΪһ壬ȻͿĬĬʥ̥
֮󣬵ȵʱ֮ʥ̥ʱܹ޳񣬳ɾ͵ɵ
ʱҪǶ𵤣һس͢ҪΧ˰̣¶һֱĵš
˵ĬĬ˵Ǻ½뿪СԺ֮ԺתһȦ
½ܸһžͿһΰˣȲء
˼½ܽ΢΢һЦָָԼԱߵλ˵֣һοĳˡ
·;ңԶȻӱޣȻȲػ
½˵֮ǸԱߡ
ž衣
½ܺһڲ裬Ȼ²豭ʵЩɵ˶٣
ǺǣЩɶϼ޻ǰЩģһذƴвǵ棬ҲֻԵһҪǾɳеľСɣ˶һˡ
½һ
ĻǾͺˣԸ壬ӦܹһЩ
˵ʵʱƵİԽѼϸȫռˣȻûŴ췴ģǹٸۿŶˡ
ȴҡҡͷ˵ֻ壬ЩҲǹˡҵĵ屳λĸ
ᵽĸ֣½Ҳһ
Ҫ֪ĸǰʱѾˣһֱ䣬ȴεɿҡ
ǰĸλĸڿյġ
ǰټϸɵļΧˣĸûκá
мμɣΪĸʧء
˵˺ѾЩɵ
Ǳô˵ǿŵ䣬һҲǳˡ
ϴȥһɣɵĴŶˡ˵üͷ̾
ǰʱϴǿһôˣѵıչزˣ
ϴ˵ɺʲô˵Ϊ˱ֻܻǹرɽţƽ
ôܣ»ʲôˣܹвɣ
ǺǣЩС֪Щ
˻˺½һ䣬ȻͲʵλһǿָıԸء
λͻᣬȻǿȴûЩŴɵĳëʮʹϳ͢ˡ
˵˵ͷȻ¶һ˿΢Ц
Ļһν˰̣͸Щô
ѾǵˣҪ˵ǱҲмЩǲȱģȴһȵˣҾ೯͢ظһСɽ̫ɽ
֮ĬĬĵ˵ͷ
˵ʱͻȻһ
½̧ͷƣֻ߰˸ʿӵ˽
Ϊ׵һϵʿŴʮֵͨðŽ⣬ǰһɱڻơ
һϵʿ˺ͺ½ܶæվǰĹʩ
ǰ
ϵʿĬĬĴһ£Ȼʵʲôʱ֣ƶûʱһֱȥ
˸ϽĻشǰҲһĹˡҪȵѾˡ
ĵʿ˵ͷȻͻȻʵ˵һһܹıġ
˺ͺ½ܻ࿴һ֮ɫЩÿ
ǰҪ˵ǳĳڣ֮УҲǳͣȴһǳõëǾϲռʽķ
λҲЩŴɵĵӵеıʶʡ
ǶɢޣֻҪ˵һصıȥȡ
ȻҲǰöԷıҲԷܶԴǾ˶Ҳǳĵ͡
ڿӣֿǼͷΡ
ʿһֱش𣬾Ϳ˵ǲΪѣҲΪ˶Ը̡
˵仰֮˵Ҫ֪ⱦɲʲô˶ܹȫġǷűҲƲķ
֮üͷһ壬ĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ȻЩԷƷ˵ȴû㹻ΪıҲӲԼ
ʿϴЦݣ˵ƶʿԼı׳
˵ʿָϽ䵽Ҳװ׳һڣǸʿɽúԺҲٲһ
ͺ½仰࿴˿ﰵıȽһ£ĻǺǸͷεļֵࡣ
˵Ǳˣ˵Ҳ˵ģʿһνħ̫ɽһɽзֵǰ˵
ڶ֮УѾȫֻ࣬ǿɽϵȻ
ʿ֮һезһǧֻ˶ʮĹͳɾڵ
ɶ飬ӵ˶ȥˣʿǿЩҲǸһ룬ȴûһ˸ж
ɴ˿ɼµеĵλ
ʿԸǷͷΣҲǿ
õ˷ͷΣƾķʩչӦǱǿ࣬ʱǽ̵ʱվ͸ˡ
ټǿ֪̱һĸλĸ֣Щ˿²Ƕ֡
λϵõķͷΣƾķǷĸԳ֣ӦҲֵܵƬ̡
˻࿴һۣϾ˶Է˼Ȼ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
Ĭ׮ס


288 ǿǿ
ϵԹɫͺ½ĬϾ¶ϲЦݡ
ǼͷΣɲ˵ⱦֵ¿ǳԹġ
ҲǲΧǸʱոгɣΪɽ֮Ǹ
ǸʱҪ˵ǷֻǸո޳ɵڵҲ˶٣ȴǼͷΡ
һӾ˸ͷҪǻʦ͵һӵµͻᱻǷͷճɻҽ
Ϊǰһʱ֪һСʿ֣õͼϡ
ɲΪǸСʿķǿܹס֣гʲôӣԲСʿ˱ˡ
ˣղõֵµͽǵĻ㱨˵Ǻ½ܴĵʿѾסƫԺŴ˹ѯʡ
ڼѾĬʿЦЦ˹˵λΪһʡԼȥ˳ͻԴҶá
½ĬĬĵ˵ͷȷʵʿԼȥǻ̾ͷ
ԼмڣӦܹٳ˫Ľס
Ͼں½ܵ¶˫ģӦÿԷٶȴ
ʿõ˷ͷΣҲܹһԿ̣رǸĸ
ǰ˵ҾΪǰһ¡
˵֮󣬺½ܱͷסԺȥ
һǾԺǰ½ֹסˣǰȥš
֨ѽһű㱻򿪡
гһˣǺ½ܰźˡ
һ½ܴһȺˣһϾѹǰһĸ½ʩ
ˣСˡ
ڸʲô
ش˵Ļ֮УԸҪ
½ܳĬһ£Ȼ˵ȥͨһ˵һλǰǰݷá
˲ҵתȥСķǰ
Ǵ˴һλǰǰݷǷ棿
ʱ㻹֮У̫ҽּ޾ͣڻķ̲еԲͣ
ͷߵһһ
Ĳڵ̫ҾּĹҲʼɢ
Ҳ˽𵤣־ᶨܿסһһ
ЩˣǷԸЩ˲ҪԼôˣѵԼ˵Ļ˶ƨ
ŭһԼ·ıϣȻųȥݺݵĵǰˡ
֪ūţôԸģ
˴һֱ͸㣬ĸоУ˭˵ЦеģʮֵĺͰס
һð׹⣬֪ЩɲЩ˿ܹġ
ĺ½ҲæԶԶľͶһȻ˵ˡһλǰǰݷãԲòŵ
ں½ܵӣ㻹ǵøģݺݵصһˣȻһ˦䣬˾ͱ˦ȥ˼ԶڵϹ˼Ȧ
½ܿӣĬĬĳһȴûκεĻ˵
ΪԼˣ˿ûˡ
ֻǸһ£ֻСʹ룬Լ˵ʲô
㴦ǸˣȻŹֵĶԺ½˵´ˣŷֱ˶೤ʱ䣬ôƶ
ﲻ˵ĵطǵ˵
˵֮󣬺½˸ƣ͵ֱȥ
Ҫ˵½ҲЩȻ˵ǳͥĵ̣ڱϾסӦ㵱ȶУں½ȴԽ޴ңڸղĳҲЩˡ
½һˣ࿴˿ЩΣǸں½󣬽һԺ
ڿЩˡ
ԼҲǺ½æģӦǵõӦеĴԼ񱻱˿ˡ
Լûк°ͣһ£Լû½ܣһγ̣͢ԼҲǰȭģ½ںԼЩͷˡ
żʱĹú½̬ܵȱ仯ô󣬿һʲô飬ӦǺͺ½ܸղ˵λǰйء
ԼҪˣһҪ˵úҲˣҪ˵òãԼҲͲźˡ
֮Ҳ˴
֮㿴мˡ
˺½֮⣬һԼһĵʿ
½м䣬ĬҲԭˡ
ǸȴЩȥˣ½ʲôãһ̫ˡ
һˣ˵ίһõĸʿɫҪȥһô̸
ϽվЦ˵ĴһֱԵһҡ
ԷʮֵĿҲһһȻ˵ø¼Цˡ

ԽǸϵʿ֣ȻԸ衣
ڵĺ½ܺѾ֪Լղŵ裬ʾһ£Ȼ˵סĻϰ߰ɣ
ɨ˺½һ£Ȼ˵һлãһ㣬Ǿ͸ˡ
½΢΢һЦǲĻϣȻվǸϵʿǹ˹֣ȻŸܡ
λǰɵĸˣԪ
ԪȻ΢΢ĵ˵ͷǸˡ
ٵüŶԷһѺӵӣվ˹֡
½ܽЦŶ˵һ˴ˡ
´ˣʲô˼
ģǰ׼飬һѱȡֻͷΣ˵ϲ𣿡
⻰ɫ
ֻͷȻԼʹõģ˱Ͼֻ
ҲǱˣڸڹ
ȻҲԼľҲûеԼ㴦ĵز
οִĵҾ䣬ؼĿЩ顣
õĹ˵λʧˣⱦȻУȴˣֻǽá˻޷
½ܼܾˣϵЦҲ͵ȥ
ǰеıҪ˵ǷͷλҪһЩαؾǧ֮⣿
´ʲô˼ѵҪǿǿɣ
ʵ˵˰ɣǿǷͷΣǰ̱һλĸǿԸˣǰͷΣǷĸ࿹һҿΪ˴룬ǽǷͷ׳ɡ
Ѿŭأüͷ֮УѾɢһɱ
ҲףֵΡ


289 
½Ļһ£Ȼ˵ˣΪ㣬ûʲô취
ֻǹһˣʵҲǵ˳͢ķҪ붯㣬ûǸȨ
ټ㷨ǳǸӦѾڵȻ֪ڵĥʲôزˣֻǽڵһϣѾһ޵Ĵˡ
վԱ߼ͺ½˵ˣæȥԲ
Ҷ𶯻ʲô
һ仰½˸̨ף̾˳̨ˡ
ŭҲЩżˣˡ
½˵֮͸һ
ֻĿ˺½ܣһ۱ĿתǸ
ΪѾˣȫģҪûҲû鷳¶
ԪĿ⿴΢΢һЦȻǰ˼˵ǰߣ´һ¡
ǵ۵ʿ
¡
˵ʵɣһַ̱սΣЩ޵֮ˣ֪Ҫ٣ҿ㻹ĺá
⻰Ϊ㣬ʵڰев
һס
ǹĹԼɣϾʹˣȽŲˣһҪʲô˿ǲ㡣
Ԫ۾Ȼ˵Ǳ˵ˡǷͷΣڱصáҲ˵۸㣬ҵҲͬСɡ
Ԫ˵ǰʲôһ
Ͼ̸죬о˵أ¾̸ֻҪǽɣ֮λɱǸá
Ԫ˵ĻȷʵЩҪ˵޵֮ˣΪľǳϡ
һļֵҪȷҪǿĶࡣ
ֻһЩоܹڵ
Щӵһλ֪ʶ˵Ͳʲô
λĸֵ˵óһ綼ܹɽɡ
飬Ͳˣʲô֮ġ
ƶȻе飬Ҳ̰ͼ飬ƶķͷΣҲҪˡ
˵仰ݺݵصԱߵĺ½һۣȻҲ˵صоͿʼʰҡ
Ǵ뿪˵֧Ԯ͢飬ҲˣѾ˺ˣ˼ңûƤ
½ܵ߿ж޹⣬رǸ
Ҫ˵ҲǰĸˣЩߣûб˲ӡ
ˣԪڵɫڹס
ʰңԼȻͳ˷š
ճŵʱǸϾ͹ǰ֮ľһ
ֻһᣬɲҪСʧ󡣡
ʱ½Ҳӳ˹Ҫ֪ģõҲĵϣҪһΧ˰̵˹Ҳӡ
ôˣ˳׷͢Ҳû
˺½ҲµŭǿЦ˵ʧˣڽ鶼ƾԸģҪû˼Ǿˡ
ȻȰ裬ȴȻ׼ˡ
ֻ˵һ䣺طƶߣʱˣԺʲô˵ɡ
˵仰̧ͷֱԺȥǸԪʱȴԪ
СʿΪʲôط߾ߵĵط𣿡
ôĩǻƶϼС
ߺߣ߿ԣΪ˴룬ͷα¡
Ԫ˵仰ʹӻȡһ͵˹ȥ
ڴˣպˣ˵ϵԴС
ԪִӱԼŵı֮и˰졣
Ԫһҧһţ͵һףⱦҲȥɡ
ֽӹ׹İͱͷһۡ
аŵûе򿪣֪еİǰѱȻȻУųȴԵĸоˡ
˵飬˵ѱ̺ķ͹򣬾֪ѱ
ԪЩͽͽһ۾е޲óȥץԼĻС
Ҳֻʦĸǰѱȴʵʵʦ⼸ʮķ
ѱԴʦҲǻԵɺ϶õҪ˵ѱҲǹ᳹ΪѱԪʦҲֳ˺ܶ飬ƾǿʵǿѱԼС
ԴԪõԺ󣬼εΣѶƾȹԪǴ
ԪȻܽⱦҲ˳˿Ԫλǰû۸㡣
ȴô룬ⱦȻܱȵɽ
飬ȻǹȫǱȵڵռ
ΪϲûκεĲǶԪ˵ƶ޸ܣջȥɣҪǿѡ
˵֮һ׻ظԪ
ԪסϸӵѿˣԼŽ֮ģԼѹ׵Ķ˳ҪֻͷΣû뵽СʿȻʶ̧١
Ԫɱ˶ᱦ˼
ںôҲڳԪڴ֮ͥ¶ֻ֣Ǻ޺޵ĵһۣ𱦱ͽͽˡ
ͺ½ٸˣҲ֮Χ˰ƵĽе˲
һִҪߣҲסֻ˴Ժ
ڽֽʧ̾˿»ص˴Ժ
һͿʼԹˡ
Ϻ£ôˣҪ֪ϵˣˣҲûǸʿĺãⲻ治𣿡
½ȻЩڣ۾ȴŽթĹâ
ǸССͣǳرҪ˵ûһ֮ƣǲŵġ
ȻΪʲôҪ
ǺǣֻǣߣǶҲҲڲ֮𡣡
ǾҲЩòʧ
̫ˣھѾ˵伮ҲûвʲôɴڣһǸʿǰվҾͲŴСģ֮л᲻һسӡ
½ܵⷬոյ˵꣬ʲô˼ˡ
ԭ⡣
ǣǰȻѲǷϣһֱĻڽһСƵǰ棬˭֪Ǵʲô˼
֮ĬĬĵ˵ͷȻɵĿ˺½һۡ
⵹ں½ܵݸеɵ֯ǳ¡
еһ˿вģڵ˵飬ɲǺ½һܹġ
һǺ½ܵõϱߵĬŸڴ֮ͥɵĹϵ
˵ʲô˵½ϱ˵бԼҪ
еЩˡ
߾ͳ˰ӣһΧ˰̣ܳ㹦ͣϱ߸߿һۣڿȫǰ׷ˡ


290 ɱ
뿪Ժ֮󣬲ûе飬Ͼȥ
Ϊ֪Էһô⵹˶Էڳж˼޹
Ȼո뿪ţ߾һʿ׹
͵͵תȥ鿴ʿӣֻжʮӣӦǸʿ
ǸĵʿҲѾԼټһӵȫҲˣôʮ׵롣
ü¶һ˿м΢ЦʿǱ߻ˣ֪˼նҲԼҪٵһаʿѾûˡ
⵹һǰһ˻ҰΪǸʿӦ׷ԼһսһֱҲûмԷ
ЩƶˣԷѵֻһСԼ
ȻԼͲˡ
ֻӻȡֽӵһס
žһźȵֽڵϵʱѾһĽӣǰ̧ţԱ߻һ̷Ĺˡ
תͷŸǸСʿ΢΢һЦ˰֣˼Էء
ǸСʿֻվԶţ뿪żƵġ
ֽӣһģֽ̾ڿնֱԶȥ
Ǿɳȥһľʱ͸еĿһʹ
ɾʹ̫ͻȻûüֱӾͷһ
ڽߵǸ˼ʹ̣æס˽ӣֽ˳
ֽϵڽһأ̾͹˽ӣ۵ش
ԱߵǸ˼Ҳ޴롣
ڵ㺹ˮѾʪ͸ټڵҹ˵ʮֵǱ
ʱԶһʿ˹
⵹ʮ׵ľվסĽŲ΢΢һЦȻ˵λôˣ
Ѿ۵˵ˣֻǿ̧ͷԱһվһֱԼǸСʿ
ﻹףԼһǸʿİ㣬ԷڸԼʩչ
ǿʹҧһһֵ˵һ仰
Ǹɵ𣿡
ɲҪƾףֻ·ڶǵŵķϹһ䡣
Ǻǣè޺Ӽٴȱ
˵Ѿ˺ģȻѾֵزûбҪάֱ档
ҧŴӻȡǷͷΡ
ǲҪͷȥɡ
˵֮͵ľͰѷͷȥ
ǸСʿЭ̴ϲһԼ˻ȥʦǰ¶ҲʹԼˡ
˵̫ˣǷͷηɵֻ֮һȻͻһһ
Ȼһ͵֮󣬴һ֮зɳһֻˡ
ڰдĻ棬ֱǸСʿȥ
СʿһϾˣҪ׳ͷΣʿѾ˺ݣҪԼ
СʿЩˣ֪ԼͲëԼˡ
ʿҲǵģһõ𣿽˱
ҲûԹˣǷͷķѾЮһĸ
Ҫ˵СʿҲ֮¾Ȼûжٻš
ֻ͵ó˼ŷ䣬ֱ֮ӾǷͷȥˡ
һ뿪֣̾ͻһ͵ľͽķ˰סˡ
ǻ˱һס̾ͲʩչȻͻ棬ȫ
ǸСʿ⹦תӡ
Ҫ˵СʿĹ治ֻһؾͳȥʮɣȻþգ۵ĹѾȥһصľ롣
ֻͽ͵ģǿס˵ڻ˵£գ۵ĹĵĲˣǻ˾һڿնֱԶСʿ׷ȥ
Сʿһǰܣһ߸Ӧű󣬺ܿ͸оһԼ֪ˣԼķסǻˡ
ĹͷСʿҲǸˣֻ͵ĴԼĻȡһСذףԼϣһ
Ȼдʣʮڹǣڣͷʥرƽ壬飬
꣬뿪۵⣬ʼͣŤ֮գ۵ĹͻСʿģ
СʿȻʼ֮ûʧ
ǸеĻˣֻԵһ٣ֱǿѪɵСʿȥ
Сʿҽжлɻҽ
֮ǻһзڣգۼĹԡ
ǿҧڵſţ͵Ż˻
ڼԣΪѾǸСʿ
ŻһȻʼ
ڣ޺ƽ٣֤ͨ⣬Ω۶н⣬ӳ֮֮ţأȺգ飬йͬӭʹ飬ɥ־Σ۽ڣ֣̳ͥ
꣬һĹ򣬿ԽʱͿռγȣڷʼӿŹΪһ塣
Щɺ͹򻯳˶䣬ڣڵ⿪ʼںϣ嶼֡
£ڵʹʼļС
ΪãܹԷʱһŹ¡
ŹЮŲ֮һӾͳڡ
ʱڵĽҲʼһηãǶⲻͣ˳ҪŲ֮
һǲ֮ǳ̣ȻĽ⼸εϴˢȴȻ޷䡣
ýҲ
ڵ㣬ȻоĿڵʹѾʧµоһɹɵҪԼľȫߡ
ڿɾЩ鷳ˣһ黤䣬㼸ʩչ
һ⻤Ȼ޷ƶԷħ䡣
ڵ֪ʿȻֲôܹ硣
һ£ǰ·ֻˣһȥĽϡ
ڶ·ǷԼϣҧȥʿǸ㲢ϷͷΣҲʿͬǵţг͢ĹϵϣܹԼһ
Ԫû뵽㻹е·ߣǾеĹǰ
ǿҧϥҪУȻеĹϵ
ǣʼӣҪԽʱͿռγȣľʱ
һƬռ䣬ͻȻ˵Ľ⡣
ЩĽ֮Уһһŵķһ׺ʮֵƯ
ЩƯĶǼһεķסܵĿռ䣬ȻǼŬ޷ԽһƬСС


291 ׻
ڼʮ⣬ϳڵǸԺԪ΢ЦŶԵͽͽ˵СʿʶôЩ࣬Ҳ֪ס
վԪԵһʿüȻ˵ʦǸʿӦҲ֮ѱûٻͬŵķһҪʿͬţݱ֮
ߺߣѾ˺ѵΪ֮Ͳ
Ԫ˵仰֮󣬺ҲʼɻɣȻŵ˵徻ɣԵʦôû¹˭һζǷͷΣȻСϢȥ
ͽܿԪı飬֪ʦǶɱģʿҪˡ
λ˵ԴĴͽܷԵȻС͸ԪУгȱԱԪΪѶϣϲ
һ֮Զͽ˵䣬ҲԪΪϾҪõǼͷΣ鲻
ԵʦѾЩϲı飬һҲȰ˳˷䡣
֮˿ɫ룬ʦԪʩչʱ䣬ԼϹȥҲܹһ
Ȼ˫ǵжԵĹϵԵΪ˶ԷķѾ֣öԷȴЩˡ
Եĵ뿪СԺȻҳڴϿʼɳۣܿͳ˼ϳţֱķ׷ȥ
˵ʱ㱻ǹĲ֮ʣȡŻľۿžҪһϢҪϵеĹȴһֱʩչ
ڣЩˣҪгɣģɲɥ
ʱʼɿתʼԼѧ֮ѰʲôƵ֮ߡ
Ҫ˵ҵĻҲǲ٣ȴҪһʱ޳֣ڻޣͨ޷ʩչ
㲻òϣڷ֮ϡ
㻹˵ĻҼһͨǷŵ׻
ֿ򵥣ʵȴǳ鷳úͷеλЩϵͨ˵͵òͣλе䣬ȻЩȻеλĸǰ֡
ȴô鷳ķںôҲǹڷҲЩλ
ֻҪ䣬ܹͨڤڤеĸӦϵλĸ
ҪʩչʱȴЩԥԼϾǵųΣյʱҪʩչͨҪǽ˵ŵĸǰǻ
ԥʱڵĲ֮ȡģľӵĿˣȥûһʱ̣·ûˡ
̾˿Ҳ˲ˡ
ֻϥȽպƣ˫ֺʮָͷü֮䡣
Ȼʼнɳԣ̣
ѽպӡü֮䣬Ȼӡں֮ӡĲӡ磬ӡҼ磬Żصü֮䡣
㿪ʼɳֳֽħ仯Ϊһǰһں󷽣һ󷽣һҷ
뵽ʱϾͺ޾γУһŵĴĲ֪ϵ
ǽ
Ҫ˵ҲҲ˭Ҫ˵һҲҾˡ
һŵ֣Ǿ
λ޾֮УһֱѾ˲֪ٵʱͻȻһԼ䡣
ʱͿռγľ֮Уһ¾ͽλ֮лѡ
ѹ֮޾ķ⿪ʼɢĿռ䶼ˡ
ʱľҲʼŴ⾻֮УеľɮҲѹԿзţĴ¡
ʱѾͨͨ˽˹ȥδ֪Լʱ㡣
ֻ¶˴֮ЦȻһΣ˽
ֻշŴʼ֣ȻЩŵͨĵ⣬뿪ľֱӿʼάȻԡ
һ㣬Ծ͸ģ˽ĸ
ܣһŷŵͨʼ֣Щ֮֮¿ʼڡ
ǲ֮ʧܿ˼ϳеԪע⡣
ղԪʩչǶ֮
ҪϲĹٵϣȡľԼȥδˡ
ŷһʩչɹ˵ܽеϢȫĨȥ
Ǵʩչͨ̽⣬¶֪ϻˡ
ҲԪѹ׵һͨʩչŷÿһʩչһзܡ
ʩչĴܵһϢŷĨȥŵʦ֪ͽܵĴڡ
һԪҲǼɵʦţֿķͷΣŵĴʩչŷ
ΪԷһʩչ˱ŵһ޵
޵һŷӡǰһƬռȫİʹʱͿռ֮⡣
ԴΪ˷ֹʩչͨǿеķӡһƬ
տʼʱʩչͨԼǰľǱŷ赲
ڣԪоԼʩչǶ֮Ѿʼļһ˿֮ʼԼϡ
ԪüпʼЩƣ㵽ʲôͨȻԼѹ׵ķ
ԪûżǶԷⷨԼѾƬռȫķŷ޷κεԼʩչͨͲܹһһƽ⡣
Ԫ˷̳ǰ̤̽Ȼ
һԪҪʩչǶ֮һֽ֣ж
ͨڶ֮Ļ֮ϣͨȫڶȡԷĲ֡
˵ͨѾ֮Ҫһõ˼¡
һʩչͨ޷ΣͻǵԪҲ˲ЩˣֻҪȽԺ˵
ĻȵȫƳԼĶ֮ǲ֮ɵԼϣԼҲҪһƤ
ڵϥڵأŽ䣬ͣļӳŷ
оԼڵǲ֮ԽԽֻҪڹһ̵ʱܽȫʱ֮кһɺɫ
ûϣܵĻŷ⡣
⻯һɫεĻס
Ǵµ֮ϣһĲƣȴʯɫεƶ޷ǰһ
ڼϳеԪҲоԼʼɬӦ޷塣
Ԫҧҧ͵ֻĿռ俪ʼݡ
ԪҪ⴦ռȫ
Ȼĺһᱻϣ֣ܱȷСʿ뿪ʦűĺá


292 ջ編
Ԫ¶ģһܵĿռҲʼѹ
ԪĶҲⷽĲֻһ޵־ͻȻؽٵһ硣
Ϊ޵˵Ԫзǳо־֣֪ãԼҪǲֹͣ췣ϾҪ
ҪԼǸʿ½˴ͷǸʿɿСҪΪԼ徻ɳУԼȥҲûʦֽ
뵽ʱԪҧҧӻȡһöơ
ֻֻͨͨľƣһɽһϵķǡ
ľƵıԵһȦȦķ价ơ
Ԫеľƣ˼˰̣¶˾ģֻľƸ߸ߵľȻ
ԪҲʼ˲
ԪʱоԼ֮УһСʼĸԼĻǡ
ʹǧС
ڵԪȻʹޱȣȴһ̵ֹͣ
ʱƣڻеʹ΢СһЩԪҲѳһ顣
ԪѳĻһ̾ͱԪеľա
Ԫľƣʱʼ˵ǹ⣬ЩǹǲÿһŶ̺޾ķ
ЩĴԪ߾ŵľ
й۲һеⷨҲȥ
߾ľƵԪûһЩ
жȥ޾ķߺޡ
˵СʵʵǶãΪʲôҪڿɺˣƶʧ
ԪԽԽ۾ķ˵׹⡣
ֻҡеƣϵĹ̾û˿ռ֮С
⵹ǣԴĻȱ˷ѾɱģûĹ򲢲ʧһ˲ǨԽ
ЩһѾӡи˵Ŀռ䣬̿ʼӽ
Ҳ޳˽𵤵ɣڻĸоǷǳġ
һ߿ռһݣһִ֮ͷ
ſռڿռıԵʼ飬ֻ֮˻֮ڿռ丽ص
һﻹ֪Է֣ҪԼȡʲô취»һʱ̡
˼һ£˰취
ںߺһЦиӡռ䣬ѵҾûз
ϥʼʩչ׻Ľ׷
ŷɷͬСɣǴ׻Ͻ׶ʹԭ׻ûʲôͬ
ŷֽнջ編
ڷ֮УΪ˷ֹаħϮн編˼ڶƵ˼
ǽǽڴķַ𷨡սֳΪԽա
ͬʱֲջڽⲿд˷Ϊ磬ӡӡ硣
ֻϥ¹һнΪգ֮гˡˡ֡
֮ɫķ紵ǷǰߣεĻ档
εĻɣ⡰ֱһɡһ¡
ЩڡϵĻҲʼΧӣγһŽ
ʱֿʼ롰ˡ֣ηųâֲɫĻ棬ڽ
ʱѾˣžͿʼԡ
ˣˣ
꣬йǽ͵شܳʶʼ֮ӡ
ӵĽ⣬ػ治ͣŹȣܿľͺⷽռΪһ塣
ڲͣڲѹǹɷŽſҲʼͣȻȻڲͣĥŽȴûκεô
޾ķҲʼһ˽УΪ˽ʳ
пʼģһƬطֳ֡
ʱⷨıԵһӰ
˲ˣԪĴͽԵ
λԵ֮ҪһûУҪûȻܷܹƬռķӡСʿȥ
û뵽˵ʱȴһĶǵĶ
ų⣬Լ֮ܵĽջѾĿۡ
ر㷨ͷųȱλһֱԪߣоһŨŨĽС
Եվ￴ŷ֮µ㣬ֻϪĲһͨˣԼĿе
ԵĽӽĽջ
ڵڿסԪԿռѹ֮󣬽ջҲʼɢܿľͻԪķӡƬռͶ뵽ĿƷΧ֮ڡ
ڣƬռ뵽硣
ղԵľȻƬռȻƬ֮䣬ʵֻ֮ͶӰѾƬռˣʱҪ߹ȥͻڻ֮С
ҲԵԵɺϣŶһ٣Ľӽջѧ˫ֺʮ
ĸоǶôԵѽӽջʱѾ˿ˡ
бһֻһŵ۵ˣȴϡŹֵ˫ֺʮĽӽ
Ȼ˵ʯǻûеɱ޹ĵزֻһԵڵƬķſһռ䣬Ե˽ջڲ
λԵǰڵأͶء
СԵܹóѣĵð
ԵĻоЩЦɲǵ󷨵ӣǷŴͨǹ졣
ȻҲԵԼùڴ˽𣬶ԼΪҲҪ紫ڷ𷨡
һ֮Уλʥ˸Ӧ롣
λʥ˻࿴˿΢ЦȻһ̾
𡣡
һλʥָķһ㡣
ûʲô컨׹ȴһεĹԽʱͿռ䣬ٵĽγֻգۼĹ򣬾ϡ
ֻڵϣ͵Ĺâʢķֱʡ
ŵһɫ˰ա
ԺҲ˹¹⻷ıҲ޾Ļð𣬳ׯϴ顣
Ե㣬ӵΪǰĴһתǲͣߵס
ڵڰ֮УȴЩۡ
Ϊֻһ˲䣬ڤڤиӦλʥ˵־
ô죿ڶλʥ˵϶㲻ϣֻǻҳ
Ҳֻ˳λʥ˵־ⷽ紫·
˵ˣⷽ紫·𷨵ĻԼķ˵Ҳһ¡
ǰԵԼϣһԵҲǿԵġ
Ҫ֪Ϊͷһ֮Ͻܷ𷨵ˣĳɾҲ޺һһЩʵĻΪ֧Ҳڻ£ҪԼᶨɾҲǿԵġ


293 ȫ
ϣ±ߵԵ˵ӣ󷨣ұ㴫
ԵĹĿף֮͹֣㽲
Ҫ˵ڷ֮ҲִˣСˡ
ҪԵıС˷𷨡
ҲҪΪʲô㲻Ǵ˷̣ҪС˷𷨡
ΪС˷ǷԭʼĽ壬ҲǷ̵ĸûСˣ֮˵
С˷𷨣һ׶ϣɾͰ޺
ԼᶨɾͰ޺֮󣬻ٴϳΪ֧𣬵С˾
֮ģĻȱ֮ɳɾͳ
ΪλԵõĽݣԵܹǰɾͲ
С֮УΪλԵǡ
⡶Ϊپ֮ҲС˷нĸ
ڷ̵ľ֮УȫһһµĦʣĦһһ̻塣
Ȼǲ֮ܿ⡶һЩ޸ġ
Ҫ˵ǰҪĶ𾭣ǿΪˣλʥ˵ļӳ֣ڷ𾭵˵һǧ
ͬʱʥ˵ļӳ֣ʱ˷ӵ
˶ڰĸĶ
㽫Ⱒһչڹ±ߵԵǰԵա
ȵһֹ꣬ͣԣ±ߵԵ˺ð죬Ŵǲ˼֮ѹ
Ҫ˵ҲһЩУǳĴ󣬵ǰʱԵڷ̵ĴиͲмһˡ
Ϊķ̺ܵʲôĥѣȻзܷǶеĴԼȴûжٽܡ
ɵĽķ̣Ȼܹڶʱ֮޳ͨһҪɾɵһȴǳѡ
ҲΪķȱ˸ۡ
Ե㽲е˼ǳ걸еʰϣһһĽӽ
۵УԵܿ޳СĹĵһ䡡
䡣ΪԤС˷еλףΪɳĹеĳ
ϰǹУɳɾ˹ӺǺ޺
ֻҪ޳ɰ޺˽ܹ֮ȴգҲǳɾ˲֮
ЩλľԼеķԵδţδ
ȵ㽫һȫꡣ
ɫѾŰ㱳ҫ֮£ĸ硣
Ե֮ѹһߵͷ
ȱԸԶڷԡ
ЦЦȻ˵ɮȫʤ굱ǱУɾͰ޺֮׶ϳɾλ֮ϴʤ
˼λԵҪԼԣҪ㴫ķ𷨣ΪĴ
ΪԵ̹λ޺֧ӣ̵ַĽѹλһһΪ佲⡣
Ե֮ʲôϴ΢Цվʩһ
֮ԵתͷһĨںڵķٱʧһͷ
̨ϣԵĶĵ˵ͷԵĺͷԵɾͲ
Եһ֮ٴιͷء
ΪҼӳܽ䡣
仰ɫЩÿ
֮Уܽ䵹ǿ԰쵽ҪǼӳֱҪΪԤԡ
ڵ㣬Ȼʱӵ˷ӵľ磬ȴûзӵķ
ҪΪλԵԤԣû
Ҳа취ֻ΢΢һЦȻ˵ӣУ;֮ģڴ˿Ϊܱ䡣
˵֮Ž⣬ȻԵͷһĨֻԵǹͷͷϾͳ˾Ÿ̡
֮Ϊ佲ڷŽɣͬʱԵҪԽΪʦҪԽΪƣǱвҷ𷨡
ڽһ֮΢΢һЦ۾
Ե㲻ʱһһúʲôҲ¶΢ЦǰͶأŴΣվת뿪ˡ
ʱ۾뿪Ե΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
ʱ̺ķǻۿʼٵİ룬ûһʹǴǻ֮нΪͨķˡ
ȵЩǻȫ֮оһĿ飬ղŵʱȻûзӵķȴӵзӵǻۡ
޾ǻ֮УȻ˵ûκεķȴԽ޼ʵǻۣ˶ռ޾ķ
֮£ȻûзҲʩչ޾ͨ
Ҫַӵǻ֮£徲ܵ˷̷ӵĶۡ
Ȼо޾ʧ䣬ҲһˣҪǣԼӵзǻʱָоûȫʧָо뵽ķ֮УǹλһЩ
ˣڵ㲢ûվһ޲˽ջ硣
񣬿ʼǣ޾ά֮еĹ
һϵǳ˳߸ոһ˲뿪磬޾γȣ͹Ϊһ塣
ȵ֮󣬽Ź޾ǻۣղַӵĸоһһĴӹͬʱӡ֮С
ָоӳ˹λҲʼ̧
ԭȵĹѾɾͶء빸أλλʼٵȻԽطأĵ۵أﵽ˵ʤء
ڸԸ໥ڵݽ£ʹ¡ԡг֡ᱯԸ֪֪ƽȡ徻ĹУ༴ʮƽȡ徻ġ
ڴ˵ƫʤʹõķܣĵǰӵѵʤԴ˵Ϊʤء
ȼʱλ˵ֲˡ
ΪȼѾӵһַӵԣѾӵ˷ӵǻۡ
ĽϵҲ˱仯޾
ͬʱ֮УҲ˶Ľ𻨡
±ĸ־֪д
ʱվڹֵλᣬԽڶͷأԷŴʤ֮⡣
ȻڷӵĸоѾȫİ壬͹Ϊһ壬ӵзǻʱĸоһһӿͷ
΢΢һЦŮӣҽ֮ʤΪȽҪ塣
˵仰֮㿪ʼڷԣԼղųɾͷʱĸоһһʤ
㽲ʱ޾ʱеλʥҲоλ
࿴˿еһţһֱſЦʥ˿˵;Ѿλע⡣
һλʥ΢΢һЦȻ˵仯޳Ȼ˵ѾעǷΪҵ֮ȴû˵ĸ¡
һλʥϾ˼ҡҡͷ˵ףҪ뽫ⷽҽ̵̣ˣʱòʧ
˵仰ʱλʥ̾һѵͲԼĽӵ磬ѹֻΪԷʵǿԼǿΪѣòʧ


294 ƽ
οһķ̣ѾɮȫѾλĲ¼ɣһȵ㽫ⷽ¾ͻУս
һʥĬĬĵ˵ͷҲ̾һ˵ˡ
ʱһάУҲλʥڹ۲һС
λʥ˶ڷһߵСûκεĽ⣬¶΢Ц
ֵλʥ΢΢һЦ֪ˡ
ⷽҽ̵ĸҵȳﻮ꣬нգôǰװ׵ȥֵλʥ޵˵
ⷽΪҵȵĸҵܹ쵽ҪλԲòóһЩ档
мλʥˣ˵仰֮Ҳ̾һ
λʥҲ˵ʲôˡ
Щʥ˺ϣʵѾߵά֮С
Ҳֻʩչһǰķңδ޾ĿܣԼϣķת
ʵһλʥȡİ취ҲЩðգʹɹˣҲһλʥ˵
˵λʥ̾
˵㣬ΪԼľĸ֮󣬱뿪޹½άصԼ֮С
۾ĬĬת̫ҽּ
͸оԼеĽתٶȣӵĿ֣Լͽ𵤵ںٶҲһӿ죬ͬʱǽеҲĬĬ֡
ָоһϲΪ֮ѾĲˣ͵ͽΪһܽʥ̥ʱɳɾ͵ɡ
û뵽Լһø׷ɱһڲΣҹд
˽ջ磬վǷͷٴ׵˿УǷͷ»˷ˣǰ
˷ˣһķͷǷһչ߷ɣֱǧ֮⡣
˵뿪˵ϳеԪ
ķڱƵһ˲䣬ѾĿѪҪԱߵͽܷţʱ͵ڵˡ
ĶôȻϢԶһԺһλۿߡ
ԴƵһ˲䣬λ۾о¶һ˿ľ⡣
֮λһ·Ƶ뿪СԺֱԪȥˡ
ȵԪԺſڵʱϾͱСʿס
λҼʦԺбչأ͡
ʿֻǿһ۱˵ʦ˵΢ɵ
Сʿǰλ΢ɵţӶǴһ
Ҫ֪ⵤǴΪ䷨ǿҲһرǺԼʦĪ棬رЩСʿǵĹġ
Сʿ࿴һۣһ΢΢˵ͷⵤľһȻ˵ԭ΢żݵڴԺ̾ͽȥ
ĵ˵ͷ˵
Сʿæʩһ񣬱ҴҵĽСԺȥȥˡ
ʱԪڴ֮תƽϢԼķ
ؼʱͻȻһСʿڴ˽
һ£ϾԪԻĶͽԵǳŭ
˭ĵӣô٣ã
СʿһԵŵһæĹڵ˵ʦ壬ʦԵ
Ե⻰һЦҵ˭ԭͽܣ˿Ҳû
ǸСʿ⻰ѾŵûɸѾЩˡ
ʱϥмԪĬĬ۾˵һСα
ǣʦȱԵԪˣҷæվԱ߲
Ԫ±ߵСʿʵ㲻ǰŴţú£
СʿΡΡ˵ʦ΢ŵ
Ԫһǵüͷһ壬ϾЩÿվһԵԵ˵Ȼ΢ҵȲʧʦҲһǰȥӭӡ
ԵԪʩһȻ˳˷䣬ǰȥѰԵ
ԵڸոĽûиϻԵôҵõ
һѰ޹֮ԵĻصãʦ˵ʦԺһȦҲûҵʦ֡
Ԫüͷ壬ɫÿ
ϣʱ򻹲ﻤܵȥˣȵҪһЩͷ
һε˵ȻҲҪˣΪʦǰȥӭӵӡ
Ԫ˵֮͵ȥǸԵ¶һ˿ϲɫȻæƨƨߵĸ˹ȥ
Ԫ˴ſڣһȻǵվ
Ԫæ߳⣬˫ֹ˹Ȼ˵ԭǵʦֵˣʦʧԶӭʦֲҪ֡
Ԫ֮ʦʦܵĳƺҲиԭ
ʵԪڵ徻ɺ͵ڵ΢ɣԭȵʦʦֵˡ
ʦֵһ£ʦȥ֮ڹͬԷּң徻ɺ΢ɡ
ԭʮֵУеʱǻ֧Ԯͬ⡣
ΪԪųƵΪʦ֡
ʦܣǶһˣα
ԪЦЦžͽӭãֱ֮ԪЦʵʦһСʲô𣿡
Լĺϣ´һԪžʹӻȡһƿϡ
ҿʦһغз˷ɣ˵ĲᣬһƿҩʦܵõģԱ
ԪϵĴƿûȥӣʵʦ֣ƿҩҿֵСⲻǰ͸Сܵİɣ
ӱԪ˵ͼҲеΣ˵ʦܹȻǴƿеĵҩʦܵһ
Ԫ⻰ɫȻԼı˵ʦĪΪ±ⱦ
ʦ˵Ĳ΢ʦ彣ֻǰһʱ䵽䣬űʦõʦܣʦ赹ԣҲȫɵĽ顣
ʦ⻰˵òˣⱦȷʵ΢ʦ彣ҵʦȴȡǹãڼȻʦңȻܹˡ
˵ʦ˲СѱڽԸ̵Ĵս֮УҲò˺á
ʦ֣ʲô˼ĪҪвҵȡ
Ϊֵû˼ֻʦܣҪβˣڽĴսвܱȫʱⱦʲôأ
ԴϾ¶ŭһӴȵʦĪҪǿѱ
ǵӼԪˣ̾һȻ˵͵ܣǺαأ
˵仰Ҳ¶ǳ
ʦܣ֪֪Ϊѱ΢¶Ǻ֮ǣҪѱ²ʦܱܽȫɵĽҲӴ˵ȥ
˵ֿ˿˵ʦⶫ¹ҲЩİɣ֮͵ܣ罫ⶫңʱʦҲܵõ


295 һ˫
Դоһ˿ް
Ҫ˵ⱦȷʵͨ󣬵鷳ȷʵǲ١
ΪʦѱԼʦһֱԼн١
üεʱ򣬶ﻰģԪѱ׳ȥ
ԪΪѱ̫Ƿħôܹ׳˲һֱѣΪŶв
һν̣͢ѹ̫徲ҲòɳӦһԳ
ʦ֣ȴԪǿѾǿʦΪɣɳԪ
ճŵʱԪΪʦ֣֪֮ڱһᣬ֪ʦҪ赶ɱˣ徻еĻ
ԪҲʮ԰ΪԼѧеķϵ屦ٶҲκβ
ԪһЦʦ־ͲˣѱǼʦ£ôܹʧȥ
˵仰֮Ԫ㿪ʼ˲Ϳ͡
ǵӿԪ԰Ҳûа취Ȼǳջѱ֮ȷʵЩ꣬ҪǿĻ¼Ľ鲻ûˣɵĴս
ǵ̾һԪ˹֣ϵĴƿͷҲص뿪СԺˡ
ȵӲӰԪŷеĲ豭վͻȻһѪʹ˳
һ¿ɰԱߵĵԵŻˡ
ԵϽǰȥסʦԪ·λ
ʦôǾʦ棬ʦԮ֡
Ժһ֣ȻƵ˵ʱûʲô飬Ѫ³ҷࡣ
Եʦȷʵ£һ
ԪһȻԵʦֻûл𣿡
ʦڻʦֵӰ˵ʱԵ¶һ˿ֻı顣
ԪŭһȻһӷԸϿȥҡ
ʦʦҲ£ȰͻˣǱˡ
֪ƨԵȻȽľګΪʲѾԲժҩٹһʱ޳ڵˣҪ֡
˵仰֮ԪݺݵĵһԵͽƽǻ飬ôˣ
ԵʦˣҲ˵ʲôæȥԸֵµ˸ϿȥѰԵ
˵ʱԺ
Ѿԭֻк½ܺˡ
ֻ֮У˵ʮ߰˸ɫ˵ȣ½ܺҲֻǾЩ˵м䡣
ڴмһ룬ɫˡ
ֻǰӣ±ߵʮ̾ͱѻȸ
˿±ߵĺ½ܣЩǷ׵
ЩᣬЩɳƴ̶
½ܸϽվϱ߹ʩ񣬡붽ѵ̡
Ҫľǽ̣һؽ֦Ҫǽ̵Ĵ±ˣмԴ
ضĻǸ㷨ڶ࣬ӰԳ͢ǳĲ
ϱߵǸ˺½ܵĻģ˵ͷ
½˵ҲеģЩɣһƽ߸ϣһ˳͢ĩǾͻ׷׳ɽи֮ͥ¡
ڴܳڵʮǰǧһֹһƾЩˣЩɵӼǧꡣ
ԴӴܳԺ󣬾ͶԾڵЩɷǳļɻ䣬ʼǵȨҪЩɣÿһͽܶ͢
Ȼ´ܳǸʱܳոճ˷ǳǿʢһΥǵһܵ˵ѹƣЩίߡ
һ껹̫ƽðһ㣬ʵǿôڴȴδǸ
⼸ʱͻȻǱ߽һСˣڵأϱߵĶ˵ӺԪͶѾɢȥ
¶һЩЦݣȻֵµЩ˵ЩѱһؾǺͰƴܾˣ͢ࡣ
µʮⶽĻĵͷ
Ҷⶼʲô˼ЩûķͷȥǼ
ͰײһһܾˣǸʱ򣬳͢Ϳ֮
ʱȴüͷվǶ˵˻Ȼû˷ͷΣҲκβ壬»͢»ˡ
Ƕ֮ںӵ°ͣȻվһԵĺ½˵Ǹʲô˹ϵã
ͬȨϵĪ档
ãȾ͵һȣȵʧһЩ֣ȥ
һǸߣ²ô׻ġ
Ƕ֮ɫãֱܿɫƽ
СʿЩƢеЩǣӦû֪أ˳͢ɽٶ໮Щ̸ǣӦܹƽϢеԹ
ˣǻʲô˵ģҪûеĻɢ˰ɣϢ죬Ǿ͸ˡ
еʮ˻࿴˿һ˵ҵȹͶ
λ΢΢ĵ˵ͷվȥˡ
죬һƽǰȴǰӿ
ʮɵ½ĵ͢ҲʼǲǰΧ˰̡
̵Ѿ֪˳͢⣬һҲûǲ̽ͽֱӾͰɽ¹ǳغȫռˡ
ڰѾ֯ʮ׳ĽͽҹͣѵҪͳ͢һս
͢Ҳ֪Ҫǲ˰̵ĸ߲ȡʤȻǽΧһȴûǿн
ǵһ֣˰̵ĸ߲㣬Ҫ԰ͽһ
ڼ֮Ժ֮Уλںʮʿ̸Ц
һΪֳ֧̣͢ɳ˾ҲԳ֡
ЩԳֵģΪǺʹܳܳͥġ
̸ЦһǶЦŶЩʿ˵λʿʱ䲻磬ǻǸϿ̰ɡ
ã˵ǣҪʱЩͽˡ
ʱһλ˵ʿˣЦ˵ﵽ¹Ҳжξ룬Ҫ߹ȥ¸ϲˣǸλչͨǿȥصĺá
仰Ͼ͵õʿ޳ɣһ˪Ůбŵժһ꣬͵һס
ͳܿͻ˼ɣԲ˰֮С
ɵӣۡ
˵仰֮ŮʿһԾ̤ꡣ
ŴԱԺ߽߰˸ŮӣǷ׷Լꡣ
ĵʿ׷׵Ľкá
ʿȻ
ɹõдҵڴ˹ˡ
ǸŮĻϲ͵Ҳһ˿΢Ц
˸չͨǷų˽Ƿų˲죬ƬΪۡ
ֻ徻ɵԪɫЩÿ
ǰԪܵķڻûкãҪǿ¾ͻϼˡ


296 
λԪΣǰȥ˵⼸岻㣬ǿ÷´徻ɵ¸ʿһǰ
ԪҲһ֪ôˣһⶽԼ̨£æЦŴӦ
ǾͶлˡ
ЦЦĻش𣬴ӻȡһƬɫĽȻ󵱿һס
ǱƴĲӭǣܿͱɼɷԲ
ǸϿ̰ɡ˵仰㵱̤˽ŵЩ͢Ҳһһ˽
ԪŴͽͽһϽ
ʱͻȻԶһʦУһˡ
˳һֻһĵʿͷһƬ⻬Ҵҵ
ԪһʿϾϳԼĴͽԵ
ô£ԵͷôûˣǺеģ
ԵҴҵԪǰһȻ˵ʦͽʦԵƬ̡
ȥôҲҴк
Եʦʻش𣬿Ԫ˵Ļᡣ
ˣ˵ˣҪǰȥУûй˵ЩϿһߡ
Ԫ˵仰֮󣬱תͷԵˡ
ԵԪеģǿʦ̬ȱ֪Ȥס˿ڡ
ţһʱʦȥһΣҲǸʦųһȵ뿪Ҳ١
ԵһǽվԪ󣬳Ĭˡ
߶ǿƮ˰գȻԶ۶ȥ
͢Ķôһߺ֪ܿ̽
Ҫ˵вǼٵģ⳯꣬͢ѹҲʱ䲻̣Ҫ˵ûǲŵġ
廹ܹǿģΪϴֻҪڣܱ֤Լİȫ
οзĸ֧֣Σʱ̣ĸһ
ڷĸͨģͲϻʲôܺͷĸ࿹
ǰĻ廹ôԴΪʱǷĸ֪ʲôԭ򣬾Ȼͨӵ޷ӡ
һԿ϶ģǾǷĸĹдһѾҪͻƵһˡ
ڴϺ˼ʱͻȻһĿ
ѾתͷһֻİͽСһˮӯӯվ
㲻ڷǱʲô
СϴЦݣʦԱʦһ衣
С˵֮󣬾ͽеĲ豭ݵǰ
¶ЦݣȻܶͽܷİͽԼСĵȴûһ
ֽӹ˲豭ģһڲ裬Ȼ󽫲豭ŵԼԱߵϡ
ˣȥϽɣȻڵǻ򲻵ҪϸϸĴĥ
СӦһɫЩ˸ҧʵʦ˵͢Ѿʼɽĺ֣ǰǰΪѡ
۾ЩȻ˵ȷʵô¶
ϾͰˣ㲻صģͲ»࿹˵ˣҲУĸ֣һܹΣ
СǵһͷڽһζԿ͢ȴá
˵ǱˣǸصʿǿһڳ֮͢ϡ
ȻԼѪ𣬵ȴҲòȷʵͨ
ˣֻƾһ˾ܰסе֡
ټϳ͢ĸˣһν׶༪١
Сǳ忴һ̾һСļ
Сѽ²ΪȥҵķУһصֱͨ⣬ʱҪ¶ͨ
СһȻ󽹼˵Ȼգʦβһߡ
֮ҡҡͷվԳһֹ°
ԴӴ̳Ϊ֮ݺδ֣ҽеΣʱ̣ôͽ뿪
˵ʱԺֳˣЩƽڳ͢ѹ֮ţ̣ǿ
ʱԼ뿪ЩԼͽǣǳ͢İ⡣
ʱ¶ģ򲻵ԼҪƴһµģƾԼͨ˳͢ôһԼ̵ʵͻἫٵ͡
ǸʱɽͶԼ£ôܹ̾ƾһʡ֮ĳ͢ʵ
ܵĻҲԻʦϣʱͥԼҲһ
һԵСȴ֪һ˲ǧ˼
ֻ֪ԼʦΣĹͷȻֵͨڣҪΪǵһ
ڵСǾ֮飬ͬʱҪҲ¶˾ģڱҪʱһҪΪʦһѪ·
ʦͽԳ뽫ʱͻȻ֮ڴ֮һŴ
һɫͱˡ
ԭ鲻ǷǷĸ͸Ԥ֮޵ĸˣ̵ֱ̳Ǳ̽⵽˾ͷŴʾ
ټڣеϮ
ŵʱиն²ԼģһǺԼΪѡ
һ£еĸ·˶׷׵˴
Ҳ˲ˣЩһ̴ȵ׼е
ֵµЩĻԿһۣȻж˸һ˿С˼
Ҫ˵ǲ֪͢Ѿǰ̣ǲܵģϾЩ˶ǰеĸ߲㣬һԼµ
ҪǷٻ󣬻صԭȵʳõʱֶԸ⡣
ǵҧأȡԼֵķ
ʱһϼžмâ̳Ͽա
Щâֹ֮ͣҲŵԺ֮С
̧ͷֻڰ֮ͣŸʽķۣ꣬ǽʽһ㡣
忴оˣǳ͢ĸҪԼЩ̵ķĸ߲㡣
ʱ򣬿¾Լ룬͢Ҳˣ¶ģҧ͵̤ǰһָŰкȵĸˣȻҰ̣αزͷ¶βͷҲ֪µ˭
仰Ͼͼŭ˰еˣرһŮӣüԲ
ޣһǰڳԣ֪֪ɹõ
λŮʿ˵֮󣬾ʹȡһöƵͭǮ
ֻдʣŵһףͭǮܿ뿪Уڿû
屾վͻȻ֮оԼһɱ
ȷʵǾ֣һָо֪ãһקԱߵСڵϴһ
ȵӵ̧ͷܹۿʱֻձεл֮󼸸ͽܶ촦


297 ʧ
һ۾ˡ
ЩӺܶ඼Сʱ򣬾͸ԼԣȻΪʦͽʵͬӡ
ڼôԼԵĺӣɥѹסĻֱš
Ҳ˵ʲôˣֱӾʹӵȻӻȡһ쿪ʼҡҡ
ҡ󣬽εĹʼɢ
һɢһ߿ʼųԹ
ܿڷԲļﷶΧ֯һε
ǼƵͭǮҲڰ֮¶ݡ
ͭǮѾû˸տʼĲӣڰ֮ȻͣķŲҲ޷Ρ
ǰеüæŷҪͭǮջ
óѣͭǮҪԼͽܵҪǲ£Լͽܲǰˡ
ͣҡе죬۾һֱŰеͭǮ
öͭǮѾƮ˼£Źı仯Ѿڰзɳۣܿʯͷһ׹˵档
һԼ޷ƷҲЩˣҪ֪öͭǮе洫
ԴɴƾöζݼͭǮȹһδεΣѡ
µһɣҲöͭǮЩɵ
ʧȥ͵ʧȥɵĸҲѹɵˡ
Ҳܲˣ͵һܣξһֱȥ
ԵСҲͭǮȥʱѾͭǮķɳۡ
СȵһȥǱͭǮУȻͷҲأȥ
ҲѾСֻһ˦еĸ
Ǹǰ˵İɫ˿߾޾һ͵ĳܿͽСȫİס
һС㱻Լǰ
Ҳ̧͵ľСͷ­ȥ
ΪһƾҪ˶ԷʱͻȻоˡ
ΪһһƴСϣо˲ֽһ
Ȼ̧ƵʱﻹСһòֽֽˡ
üϾˣԼ˶Է
̧ͷԶȥȻСһڰֳΣѾ쵽ԡ
Լͽܣ˱һĳЦȻӶ졣
ĻӶþ͸оķʼ͵ɢȥ
һÿЩԾˡ
е쵽ʲôķȻܹγ
Ծʱû֣ͣоԼ֮еѾۼĲˣһָ鳲һֱöȥ
ڵѾǺڲ֪Ƕ˷ҲӦþôçײ
ϵķѾɢĲˣһӦĻᶼûУͻ̻Ϊҽ
ΣĹͷеһϵʿӻȡһű飬Ȼ͵ȥ
ⱦ뿪ϵʿ֣̾ͻһ̫׹ſ
űеǲһ㣬Ǳڽ֮ϵĹâͿʼȻź⣬ۿžάֲ˶೤ʱ䡣
⣬ҲǸȡʱ䡣
ΪǱĽӽԵʼų⿪һЩ
ͳ͵һһȻԾȥ
ܿľƮ˰֮С
öһ͵÷صԼ֮ϡ
ѾǻǺ嶼Щ
ԱߵͽܸϽǰסԼʦһ·õϡ
ûһǿԶһĹ֡
лĴ֮
ɹòضɵĽ˵ЩЩˡϵʿŷɻı飬΢΢һЦԶɹõ˵ͷ
˵˵СѾصԣеǰöͭǮ͵ǰ
ӹͭǮһ֪ⶫͬСɣܽöͭǮҲһ
ȻģôԺúõĶҲһ
С֮Ͼ¶ЦݣҪ֪Ȼ࿴ȴûд͸һ
öͭǮǼģΪһᱻУû뵽ʦһشһأȻ͸Լ
ڰеԼһֲû˵أͱµһԱ󽫡
ԱߵԪ˿Ȼ˵Ҳˣеʵɵķ
Ԫ˿ɹЩΪѡ
²Ըı±Ǽⱦ¶ûʲôá
Ǻ˵Цеƣܹ𣿡
Ԫ֮ҲЩŭ⻳ҵȻȲԼıȴһĹãԷָռ䣬Կ
Լ뽫ƵԼѹ׵ı򲻵ѴӲʹãֻǰԸǸʿʱùһء
ûĹô֪ˣ
ԪϾ֪Լͽİ̽
뵽ԪһŭܿѹƢڻʱ򣬵ȵصɽٺЩͽǳ
ɫŴӻȡƣһס
Ʒɵ֮УϾͿʼųһĲ
ԪںҲʼ
ƷųĲӵǿңܿͿʼӵԱߡ
ǲһһʼסҪռȥ
ڵֳ죬ܿռĸӦǳһоԼĿռҪӴзȥ֪ãĶ졣
Ķ޾ʼ֮ӣܿľӵĴ֮УЩһһĽʹһ
ǰеĲεʩչͨ޷κε죬ķͿʼȥ
֪ԷκβԼ֮󣬱͵ĻӶ졣
Ǳſ͵ľɢȥ
ڰеЩɢʱҲоһɹǿҵ뽫֮С
һǿ֪ˣǸϽзȥҪķΧ
ȻǷеٶȲŵٶȸ졣
ֻգ۵Ĺ򣬾ͽЩȫİ֮С
Щɵĸڱ֮󣬾͸оԼڵķڷɿʧ
Щ˶һû뵽Ȼܹǿеĳȡǵķ
ʱλϵʿһػţȻκβҵȡ


298 ΧŹ
ϵʿһ仰ڳˡ
˼æʼ۷ϵȫڵ
ⷬϵķʧֹͣˣʱǲһղǺգҪǷûˣǾǰϵ׸ˡ
ڼҵʿѾ˳΢΢һЦȻԵС˵Щ˷ѾҽֵʱȥֵҪֶΡ
СʦĻ¶΢Ц˵ͷӯӯ߳⣬ڼҵɼ˵λҰ̣δ˵Ҫʧǣһҷ˵һ
ɼҵ¶֪ô죬ǰ۹һͶϡ
ﶽһ£˷ȫʩչ²ǶǸСŮĶ֡
ôӦԼ̣֮֮ȻУҾ㳢һ
תͷԱߵһ׳˵ȻСŮҪ֪ǵֶΣ֪֪񹭵
׳֮˵ͷԽڶСʮľ룬ҲǰǴӱһűȻ󵥱ͽ
ⱦ֮󣬹֮ϾȻԶγһöɭɭļʸ
ԭ׳ܹۼܵγ˼ͷ
֮УҲûбˣĹϣγֻصļʸ
׳ҲԣϾһɣֻɵļͷһֱС
׳û뵽ǣɳȥܿľͿʼɢͷûпСѾʧˡ
С龰һЦȡֽ˵һס
ֽƮƮڰƮһ£žͷŽڵϵʱѾ׵񽫡
һڵϣֵǹֱ׳ȥ
׳龰ҲţֱӽⱦԼȻȡһֱޣ֮ӭȥ
Ȼ˵λ׳ţҲûСֽˡ
ΪǰͰ̶УҲֽ˱Ͽһһʩչ˰̵ķһޱȣǹ롣
Ȼһ˫һֽ˵ĵǹĸֱϣλ׳͸оһͣĳײ塣
Ǻз׳Ȼ壬ֻҪһᵤеķֽܹ˴ɢ
ĵеķͲʩչΪһҪʩչ¾ͻᱻܹĿռյ
ֻƾֽ˲
ֽ˺ԶòһûжĹʹ׳ֻм֮ûл֮
ںߵﶽ龰֪ãҪٲ֧Ԯһʱ̣µͽҪɥ
ԱߵԪ˵ǰѱڸó˰ɣ
ԪЩˣûû˰ɣôˣָһѽ
Ҳ֪ǰܵˣ²ʩչñĸȶְɡ
֮Щգܿѹ˻վԶǵ˵Ȼϳ֣ʩԮ֡
΢΢ĵ˵ͷüͷһ£ȻԼķͨƽֽˡ
һ˿ҲҶãЩҪأ÷ɡ
뵽֮󣬵Ӿʹӻȡһֻ
֮ӵһףֻһ뿪ӵ֣㻯һ⣬գۼǸֽǰֽ˻ûüͱС
ֻôһ£ֽ˱ųһ֮ڵϣ³ֽ˵ģ
Ǹ׳һǳĳһ֮Ҳ˼»صǰ
ˡ
˰֣ǶԷ޹أ˵ȥɡ
ڻ׳֮󣬶ļ˵λѾķҵҪǲһֿƲ˶Է򣬻λҪķһˡ
ڼҵĸ˼ĬĬһĿǰ״һΧ壬Ҷֲ˺á
Щ˻࿴˿оʹݳ˸ֵϢܿǾʹ˹ʶ
ЩҲԴӻȡ˱ȥ
Щ֮⣬ЩͽͽҲû£Щ˲ǲзƴԼȫһ塣
أԼİͽȻ˶Էĸ֡
ͻȻ֮ǰͽ䣬ԭ߰˼ķֱš
һŵһЩʿɵĸôһУȻʼΧŹˡ
Ҳֻ˼£ϾƽֻӶе졣
Ĺ򣬿ʼ𵴡
Щڰеķⷨһ𵴣ϾͿʼɢ
ЩÿһǸеرȻʼɢǵȴûмٶ٣ȻǰԭȵĹֱ塣
Ҫһı廹ܹƾеֵ
һһʮЩæֽš
Σʱ̣Ҳţֻ콻һԵС˵ʩչҡ죬һ˿һֹͣ
Сҵӹ֮ȫķڰҡΡ
ʱӻȡһƽ͵ʨӣֻдʣȻеʨ͵Ŀʼ֮󣬻һڵĵ档
ԭֻаƴʨӣѾ˼ɸ¡
ֻŷķһŭ
εĲƿʼɢЩķڰоͣһ£ȻٴǰУٶѾࡣ
ʨӽ͵ľзȥܿͷɵЩĶͷ
Щһʨϣǽʨֻҡҡͷβû˸о
⵹ʨӱЩõ˵ɷķΧ֮ڣеĹǴԣЩѾѹƵֻһˡ
ǽʨӿצãܿľͰѼ˵ϡ
ںߵЩ˼ʨԼı𣬼æʩչͨ뽫Щջء
ķ֮£ûж÷ֻƾźЩϵҪջطȴЩס
Ƕã۾վԼԵԪ˵Ҫٲ֣¹ɾͻΪ´С
ԪԵȷʵѾˣЩɸ˶۾εĴӱγǰѱ
ֻϪдʣϥϵı͵ĳʣֱԶĽʨӡ
ѱɵ֮УûķŹâȻƽƽ
õ򣬶ѱûκεв
ѱһʨӵǰֱš
ʨӻ֪ⱦΪͨķһֻ̧צǱȥ


299 
ʨӵצӸպǱһ̾ͷһĦ
žͼǽʨӵצѾǱ¡
ʨӷһŭ𣬽һǱµצȻµܷɻصǰ֫ϡ
ôһĹǰѱѾŽʨӵ壬塣
ʨӣȻûеסǰѱҲЩ£Ҫ֪ʨӿǷĸ͵ķʱ˵ǽǰı
ΣͷҲûйЩģͻȻԱߵСصǰ죬Ȼŷı¡
ĻӶһĹڰ֮вȻǱϡ
ǱٷıھȻûΪÿǰһ磬ǳѡ
ںߵԪ֪Ҫǲɱ壬Щ˶벻ˣҲƴ˵壬ȫ˶
Ԫķ˳ε˿ߣɿؾ;ۼñϣǰѱԪķǹâţǰƽٶּӿһЩ
ںߵ龰ҲЩżˣƴԼȫķһӿ뵽֮С
һ¿ɲˣ巨ӿųĹӵɭնġ
Ӳ˵ǣ͢һĸˣѾǱڵ֮Уһڵ֮еķȻʼ˳žͣɢ
ҪǱǸǰѱȻǰѾƮģûаˣȵǰһץС
ֵ죬ֵıһ
ֻôһǰѱͣҪĵıȻ
΢΢һЦⱦӸһԵСȻӶе졣
һ³͢һߵ˿ɾеˡ
һزⷨеιȡҲʼ
Щ˻࿴һۣ֪Ҫٲ߿Ҫˣмۡ
λ͢ϸɤŰУ¡
⺰Զ͵ķһ
ԶһҲһһЦˣԭһѾСԡ
С͵ײ岼µ֮УȻһգ۵ĹǶǰ
λҲ˲ˣԼȻԼ¾һɫ
֪ôһУԼʹɫǲɷ˵ĺ󱳡
ЩɵĸҲɵӣ£Ҳɷ˵ȥ
ȷʵ̫СزôˣЩɵĸھȻʼڧ
ǰλûʱЩˣһţ̼ڿնҲǷ
Զ屧죬΢Цų͢һһţǶų͢ܣġ
Сڿշ˼ʮɣȻ͵һҡβͣһдȥۿžҪķΧ
ϵ˸еңۿҪΣյʱӶ졣
ǻû͸оķʼٵɢʧûڰڷɡ
ƴҡͷβҪɳľ룬
ǳǷɥʧķ֮⣬ЩȻų֮Ըȫա
һʵĺòڵĵϡ
Щղûĸɸˣأûǰȥ﷢һЦ֮
ϵ֪ղŵܣѾЩɸвѺۡ
λ֮ҧҧԵļ˵ΣڵϦأһȥɱ壬һиĻ춼Ҫɥ
Щ»࿴˿ĬĬĵ˵ͷӻȡԼֵĳּһ
ȻǶĴ£ɿһ߽ӽ
忴ЩӽˣǹһЦղȻȫĻӶ죬ȴûʩչѹ׵Ĺ򣬵ʱ̣ҲЩ֪֪Լз
ǽ߸߾Ȼдʡ
巨ųĲʼøӵ
ʼ㼯ϸһЩ㼯һȫһꡣ
Щ걾ֻСλ꣬һķΧ̾ͻ˵ĺ⣬Ȼ͵ıצ
Щǵõеָһ͵ľ񶽹һȥ
ﶽԼʮۿžҪӽˣ͵شӰ֮зһ꣬ǹצӣ񶽹ȥ
ⶼǿʱ򣬾ôҲᱻһµĴɢⶽķֻеķһá
˶Щ껹Щɵ
òֹͣ˽ŲȻӶеıֱ꣬ҪӽԼĻ꣬ȫĴ顣
ĻʮֵĽƻֻһͶ˹ȥȻ͵ıһҪ
Һ£ۼֿ죬͵ĻӶеĸֱޣλɢ
Ȼһֻλ꣬ǵĴûкתǸϿˣΪѾΧ˼λ꣬ʼ߽ͣ
վԶϣЦݲϣ֪ԼһҪʤˡ
͢Щɣһؿ¾ͻʧأҲ˼Լˡ
ǸʱͿԴչܾ£ǾǵͥҲܹһ
⵱Σ֮ЩҲûкõȥ
޾λ깥֮УҲֻǾ۳һţǿֵ޾Ĺ
Ҳ˶ãûзϵһҪ꣬ʱЩλ֮͡
ΣʱһֱԪԣûпڵԵͻȻվ˶ǰߣȻһš
ӷλصģ˽١
ΪԵ˵仰֮󣬾Ȼ˶ǰߣʼоġ
ԭõ˷̵洫Ȼ󲿷ֶС˷̵İҲһЩɷ̵ķ𷨣ой
ⲿĶСܹ֮еĹ٣걣
޹޷޷ɮԵ򣬳Ҿĺģ񣬵ѣһ껯ΪĦڭܡ
ԵУ֮УһλŰµ۾
λǴ޾ĳ˯֮иոյѣ̧ܿռȥȻʲô֮¶΢Ц
۹޾ĵγȥʱͿռԵϡ
һֱа¹ԵҲоˣһΰѾ١
ӵˣеĹ


300 
޾άеֻһһż䷨ĲԵ֮ڡ
ԵԸоӿԼޱȵ
֪Լеİ¹ãеѾͨԼ
ͼˣԵǹ죬ʼǰвͣǰΧ޾顣
涹
ξĵУڰ֮ڲͣźЩҲʼ
⵹ԵôֻͣΪ֮һɹо
ԵѾȫİž˵ڶξġ
մմ涹
ξ֮Щϵԩ֮Ϳʼܷɢһɫ΢Цͨģ
ԶѾһߵı䶯æҡе죬ҪλĽ
һôҡ죬ԶλҲΪ
һпʼżˣæһָЩΧ˵ļǧλ꣬תֱԵǵطȥ
ЩλոսӽԵܵʲôţȻʼٶȣȵԵʱЩλѾָɣһΧԵԡ
ʱԵʼһԡ
Ħˣ涹
ԵУ֮кǲһεŻ
Щڰеλ꣬һһŰ׹⣬һԵʩһȻŶһεŻȥʧ֮С
ôһĹ֮еλ궼Ѿʧ٣ֻʣԶĿɿڴ塣
Ҳû뵽ϻͨȻܽĸ꣬ȫľ
ôĹ򣬳͢һߣӴһʱߣʱ
һϺȣ̾еˣֻЩɵĳϣǣһѷıԵȥ
ҲҿԶԾ뻹һЩټڼɵԵûٳ֣ӳķ롣
ԶЩˣɾûôˡ
ȻҲܣǺܿͷӦ˹ֻ͵һ֣Щ̵ĹǸǱһǰ
Ҫ˵ƽû֮УЩÿһûЩ̵¸˵ǲһ
鷭תǵķѾȫɻ߽Ͳʩչ˶Щ˼Ǻ޻֮
Ҳͺ½ܣ˷ֵµ˵ı֮£ǿĳķΧ
ȵķ룬ٻͷһ
ָʮ£ֻʣº½ܺˣ˶֮ڡ
ЩµСආһûӵó
һ£ʧأԺ¾ûѹסЩɵˡ
ҲûʱٿЩˣǸϽĺá
Ҳڷǰ¶ˣʩչԶȥ
ʱڵЩûߵĸǣѾȫֵá
۹⿴ԶȥЩ̾˿һΪܽЩһ򾡣û뵽ԶԷȻһ֣Ȼؼʱˡ
ЩץˣȫȥסùǣˮΡ
һ£ֵµ̾ͿʼжЩץסڿǲˣһҽ಻
ȫȥסùǣȻȫؽ˳ʪյˮ
»ص˴Ȼֵµ˵͢ܣѾ޷ںҵȽĴǸεĳ͢Ȼռء
̵ЩͽͽǣڵķԸ֮ҲһĻ
ʱȻǰȻ壬һֱѹǣЩ˲ʩչǿһչ֣ͬʱ˼ٻˡ
ļ죬̵ͽ֯˳ȺȺʼĴ
͢Χ˾Ӹû뵽Ǽôˣȫʧˣ˱˸ֲ
Ȼ͢ѵأװǼܲס̵Щ˻ᷨѽ
˸ոһ󣬳͢һ߾ͳ˿Ǳɱӡ
ǾҾ֮УҲи֣һλ˾ǳɽˣոǿܵС
λ˾Ѿܣ赶ֵµ˶Ϻ
ЩǰİͽȻһЩǶЩСආ˾λ޵ͽʱҲЩμ穡
˱˾Ŵ󵶣Ű𵴣Ȼ׷ٶȸӻˡ
͢һ˹ĶϺ֮£˴Ϣ֮ܿӣ̴ʮپӣ°´Ӫ
Щͽ͢Ѿʼ¼ᣬҲΪȥ
ȵڶʱ˾ܾ񣬻赶ǰֵҪ
ʱ򣬰ͽ֪˾¡
ȻǸֵмƣһ룬˾Ѫ֮£Ҳûʲôã˾Ȼҳ
ʱĴͽ˳
λ˳СõΪ״֮󣬱ЩĻ䡣
ȻλͽûСҲΪĸͳ̵Ĵ
λ˳µİͬʱҲһЩ
ֵµˣȻûһ˸ҳ󣬶һӣЩŭ
ƽʱһѱΪ޵УôһˣһȻҳѵҪ󲻳ɣ
Щ̵ĴһͷһԲ
ЩȻͨҲԷı׶˷ǳ˽⣬Ȼͨǵķ
Գ͢ͽʱǵķЩˡ
һǳ͢ͽȻдܳ໤һЩͽѪ졣
һЩΪ£˶ԷԼͻɥ
˳ֵµЩ࣬̾˿
תͷվԼŮʹ˸ɫȻ˵ȻЩүǶҳǾСŮȥһǸ͢ͽ
˳仰ֵµЩ̵ȨǶЩա
ȷʵǶǸ˾£ҲֻǼװͷڹˡ
˳Ůĵ΢ЦȻȥ
˴ʣԻصԼӪ֮ڣһȳʱѾǸףԸһƥͷ
λСŮӪſڣԿ
ʱǰ˾ҫĴָŰ̵ĴӪƿڴ
ĸ˵ʱͻȻ̴ӪŴ򿪣Ŵɳƥһ
һԱŮǸ˫ǰ


301 
˾澹ȻɳŮԼ󣬲ɵùЦ
ȻеĴָŮӴȵСŮӣڼбӣǰѰ𣿡
̵λŮӻ࿴˿һһЩģȣ̽ͷòʶӢۣѵ֪ŮҲкܣ
˵仰֮λŮҲͨգ߶һֱ˾
˾Ҳд󵶣ͺŮսһ
˫һ־֪ԵĽ
Ҫ˵еŮӣȷʵƮݣޱȡ
ȴһ㣬ǾʽֻͨʮغϣЩҵмܲס
սһŮӣԼĽѣǣҲ赶ǰ
̵СŮΧ˾һս
һŮӵʱ˾ԼбʤİգŮһ֣˾ЩΪˡ
ΪŮʵ̫ˣһѣһض˾ȻʽȻ޷Ůӡ
ʱһߵ˧֪ǰⳡսֵµĴǰս
ֻǰƥսرۣϵ˸赶ʱǰ˵ײ
һսһֱϴҹ
˾Ͼ已̥ʱҲоһ˿ƣ룬ܿǰ˫ȻŮӺλŮܣոǿɫҸ԰սȵȥ֮԰սϢһҹս١
˾ΪŮҲӦôӦԼҪʱǸ곤ŮȴĳЦ
ԭΪҲӢۺܣû뵽ֻһǹͷɫȻѵҹսĪǽáͶҶʦǰһ棬㱣һȫ
˾ȻոǿȴһСŮӵĳЦ̣
Ҫ˵ԣȻˣǵԸҹս
˾˵֮󣬷ܿ˵˫˻Լǰ˧˵˼仰
һܳ͢ǮĻѣ֮յ硣
һҲѧһǰѾǺͰһ
ʱ˾ٴ赶ֻȡŮӡ
ŮҲʾԼԦһǰս
ǰɱһսִҹ賿
ʱ˾Ȼܹ֣µսѾûȻʼ°ĭ
˾֪ãҪûս촦ƣǲɵüܿ˫˻Լǰ
ȻһԱ󽫵Ա󽫣ǰ
˾ǰʱ򣬿ŮȻʮɣǵƥһȻûаĴϢ֮
üû뵽ŮӲոǿǿµһҲǱԡ
û취˭ԼƥֻӲͷƤٴδս
˫һսִϵҹ䣬˾ѾλŮӣûа㴭Ϣ֮ǿµսҲûκεƣ͡
˾ǸŮǰһֱɱҹ˾ʮƥսŮӣӳҲûκεı仯
Ů˺˾˾Ҳûȡʤ
˾ϾǷ̥۵þƣߣ
͢һ߼ԼһĴ󽫣Ȼǰһ˥ܡ
̳ⳡսʤƣһս£ֽ͢Ĵɽڰ̵Ŀ֮¡
˵Щ˵ĸɸˣڻصϸ֮󣬺˸кȥˮˡ
һҲˣֻҪл죬Щ˾ֻҪǲɵķ޷ֵ
ټһȻڰ·ܣЩɵĸҲ׼ٹ͢Щˡ
һЩצˣûЩˣʧأѵƾ̶Կ
ڼϳзһգ㴫ǰߴܵϢͽʮϯֱϡ
ڵļϳѾһţ͢е˸ΣѾû˼ŵֿŸϯҾ죬Ͽߡ
ǳջ𣬵ȴҲûаİ취
˭Щ˶ˣѵҪ󷲷ȥԿ̵ķ
ԼҲûа취·ɿ뿪˼ϳǣ˵˺Ͼڡ
ոս˺ϣϳϢʹǵĶߡ
Ϣ֮⣬г͢ʥּҲ͵
һƵǽˣҪǲ취Ị̇²ǻصǣͻᱻǰ
ǰ̾磬֪ӦӦǸʿߡ
ҪǸʿڵĻƾеķͷΣҲֵܹ죬Ҳڰܵôҡ
еĺ½ܣڸͷ̧
һηֻ㣬̽㱳ʵļıģû뵽Ȼ͢ô鷳
ؼʱ̻
֮ﱧԹ֮ǸϽ취ɡ
ҲǸϾȻһһԵĺ½˵̻ȥǸʿ֮Ȼ³ɽ
½ķԸЩÿ
Կ˺½Щȥһӡ
ڶʲôʱˣ㻹Ҫ棬ѵҪó͢ܣʧȥ⽭ɽɣ
վһԵҲϽȰ´㲻κεĹǣֻҪǰľ˵ʿǸӦûǡ
½ܵͷһ£˿˵Ȼǳ͢ҪʿҲһ˰ɡ
ĵͷȻͶһԵ˵½һȥҪʲôĵطҪġ
ں½ܵƢǲģǰȥ֧ԮڱҪʱҲ˵ա
½ܺ˴Ӫֱء
һ·˼ԦŷҲʲôˣֻһĹؾڡ
˽س֮󣬺½ܾǰȥȥ㡣
ǱһԵסˣڼϳǵʱǰǸʿˣӦһм˵һ£ȻĻŶˡ
½һԴ˵ǡ
ȨǸʿȥȨΪмˣΪǷ˵һ
ãǸϿǰȥҪʱ䡣
˵֮˸Ȧţ뿪·ܿá
ſڵЩʶ½ܣˣæ˹Ȼͨ
½ܺҲûȫӭӣͼҴҵĽãڴõʱúͳҪӭӵȨ˸档
Ȩ½֮Ͻеһ񣬡´ˣʧԶӭ´ˡ
½ܼҴҵİݰ֣Ȼ˵ﲻ˵ĵطǵ𻰡
Ȩ½Ľ֪ʲô£Ҳ˵˺á
ȵȨֵµЩˣֻ֮ʣʱʣ˵ȲǰսأĪǳʲô£


302 
½Ȩʣ̾һԱߵ˿
ĵ˵ͷ˵ǰս²ǰ̽ͨ󡣸ɸһǰȥΧˣԱһܡ
Ȩ½ܵĻֻ׺䶥
Ϊһθɸһǰȥǰ̾ı£ҲӲ֮֡
ڽȴӡ
ôܣѵŸôĸ֣Ȼûһֵܹס塣
½ܱԷʵЩ߳ŭ
һҪж㣬Ҳصĳ͢ﻹ֪ôء
㲻ضԣǳ͢Ĵ£ֻҪҾͿˡ
Ȩ½ɫÿæͷ
һԵЩΣæվһա
˲صģȻͨ󣬵ǳ͢ҲûӦİ취һξΪ¶
Ȩղŵõ˽ѵһȻܺãҲûмʣգ۾
εӣֻ˵һΪ۵Ĺɽ
Ȩ⻰˿Աߵĺ½ܣо仰ʣȴûʳ
ʵǣһ㲻Ǹȥ𣿰м䱻Ǵ˻һôҪɽ
½ܵ˾һȨɫ֪Ҫʲô˵һ͸ɵĸһЩͻ˸ߡһսϵٲϱǶǰɽ
Ȩôˣô˼ҲȲһ
ȻҾ±ߵΪλ·
˵仰ʱȨͷûп½ܡ
⵹ȨҪⵡ½ܣԭ鷳¡
Ǻ½ܺȴ׼ôŹ
ˣ˵Ī棬һػ˴Ҫó͢ˡȨ˹˵
Ȩ֮ЩΣȻԷĿڣλ֮ϣеǹٴһѹˣҪǲˡ
ȨҲֻ˵ͬȻ˵Щ飬Ҳֻͨѹϵܲ˵λҲ˵
˲عǫܷ˵Ǵһ
Ȩʵ޷ˣֻǿЦվ˵Ȼˣλڴȥ߻·ѡλһǰȥ
˵֮ٴιֱתȥ˺á
ȵȨ֮󣬺½ܺ˿˿Ȼ¶΢Ц
һȨӺ߳Ѿһͨĳ·һԱ⡣
λˣ߰ɡ
½ܺ˵ͷվȨţֱĵۡ
õ۾ȷʵǲԶֻ˳Ŵ˼ٲľ룬ȻһȦһСͷ˵۵Ĵš
ʱĿֻ۵ſڶ࣬۵ǲġ
Ȩ˽˵ۣͼڵ۵ȻƣȴûͨӣǾĵģԵôׯ¡
ȨǶ̽ͷ̽ԹʱһλŮ˳һס
ˣþòһɺã
ȨһˣǸʿʦãѾ
ɹĸ廹㰲
Ѿģʽģ˵ͷȻʵǲ֪һǵ㣬б飿
Ȩ˿Եĺ½ܺŲӶںֻ߲ǿԼڡ
ɹãһɹ
ѾüͷȻЦ˵òɣʦں߱չأ²ܼͣܵȵĻʮԺһΡ
½ܶڶѾĻһҲţôɵ飿ǰһƿѾõ֮ܺº½ǰݷãǰеҪ֡
Ѿ㣬½ҲЩæȥס½ܣȻŭȵôĲ֪ôҲǺ˵ʦڱչزܴš
ܵЩҲһߵ飬Ƕתź½ܣмָָ㡣
½ȻЩ̣һԼͬʱָҪ벻ɽȥûкãҲ˶ˡ
ɹҲǼģڳ͢ѣҪɽ㲻Ҫ֣ϽĽȥͨһ£˭ûкô
ǶѾȴ磬һļХߵоͷɳһ̹⣬ڶѾļϡ
½ǶһԭڶѾϵһӤСһв
һĹӤں½˵ͲвǿѾϵĹӤʱȴоһľ
ֻӤȻڴڴ̫ɼѾ
ټʱһŵڲͣķɲܹͨӵеġ
Ѿ½ǼɵĿԼļ¶Ժ΢ЦϵС޶˵֪˰ɣǻǻȥɣȹ
Ȩ࿴˿϶Щÿ
Ҫ˵Щݵģ˵½ܺˣȨǱصĸĸ٣˱صͷϵĵۣϣ˵ĶⶼǶ¶
˻ɫһ£ǾƾȨ˵Ͼعٲֹܡ
ȨֻǰһŶѾ֣Ȼ˵ɹãһο·ǵҪˣ㻹ǹȥͨһɣ˳͢Ĵ£˭ﲻ𡣡
ǶѾǿ׳죬ȨǿҲ
ǳ͢Ĵ£ֻͨ޵֮ˣʲôϵ
Ȩɫĳɭ۾ŶѾ˵ĪɹòΪԼǴܳ𣿡
仰˵ЩˣѾҪһش𲻺ãԷץס˰ѱͷҲֵûͷ
ڶѾҲһˣԷôʣϾͳĬش
˫⽩֣ʱڲԺſи˺ѾȻ˵ˣǾǵɡ
һ˶̧ͷֻǰԺͺԺſվһĵʿ
˴ҶǼģѵ۵Ĺ㡣
ѾڵķԸζĿһۣȻ˵ȻʦѾԸˣǸɡ
˵֮ѾתȥֱԺȥ
Ȩ˻࿴˿Ȼһž͸ŶѾǰԺ
ǽ˺ԺֻѾ¾ɡ
Ǹʩ̨ȻǱţѾԭȼª̨שľṹ
ѾתһĄ̇Աߵһӣߺһ
ʦ֣Ѿˡ
߾ʹλ˽ɡ
Ѿ˷ԸŴż˽˷䣬ֻһ֮Ϫ


303 
ϥڴϣЦŶȨ˵λˣʧԶӭλˡ
ȫͺ½ΪɽģȻǲκεļӣһ˵¡
λиȻԼѾ衣
ȵ˵ȶ˳ȥ֮ʵλСۣк£
˻࿴˿Щ˵ڣǺ½ӲͷƤ˵Ҳ֪뿪֮󣬳͢Ͱһս巨ǿɵĸ˶Ƕ֣Ǵһ
΢΢ĵ˵ͷȴûκεĲ֪ᷢһ
½ܿɫЩżˣվһ
ڼϵʱòܶ࣬еﻹˡ
´ˣطϣԭȵѾĲˡ
Ǻ½Ȼվ﹭˵ʵǼ̫ܹǼֻǷͷˣǶǶǰɽ
⻰ƤǲԲ
˼ǳˣǲɽģǻɡ
ӣµļ˿Щˡ
رȨȻ͵֮Уȴ֪Ҫ㲻ɽǳ͢ʧصĻϵĸĸҲڳԹӡ
ڳ͢Σ㿴ǶǰЩķϣɽ͢һ᲻߷͡
ôǱ۾ڴϲԲ˼ǲ׼ɽˡ
ʵҲлһһ仰̾ʹǰûҵһ¶
ôˣǰ⣬ĸ˽ˣˣǰҵʲôˣһĨþãþһߡ
½ܿ˼Ӧû˻һ룬һҧͨһ˫ϥǰ
һҶеʵǲԭµĻͷڴˣȥǻ뿴ѵķϳɽ
۾˿ĺ½ܣûǰ
´ˣµ˸ʿ㲻ˣǸϽȥɽʿĸֳɽ
½ܿĮһ˿
½ܵΪܵ͢µĸֱĶࡣ
˵ʵҪ뽵ס壬Ƿǵ㡣
Щ˸ÿһǸɵĵƣɵΣʱǲɽġ
˵Щ˵ֻǳ£ЩķϣҲ㳯֣͢ǳǲܵġ
Ϊ½ܵ˲Űϣϡ
Ǻ½ܼȻִⲻȥҧҧ¶ģͻȻ֮ӻȡһذףԼĲϡ
ϴζеҾ͸ˡ
½˵֮һǲ̾ͳһƬѪź½һۿžҪƺܡ
ڴϣ½ܵĶһ
ղź½óذ׵ʱΪ½Ҫӣû뵽һĸԼǰɱ
ҪԼǰԼǺͳ͢û
ûа취ֻһĴȻ˺½ܵԱߣ̧žͽеذ߷ɡ
ʱ˺ŷӦ˹ְ˽ŵȥ½ܵ˫֣ȻֹѪ
ڵĺ½Ȼǵ۾㣬϶˵¡񼲿࣬ɽ
̾˿ε̯̯֡
Ҳûʲôİ취ˣ½Ѿ´ĴñӶˣټϿ½ܣһҪǲɽǰı飬ҲֻǿĴӦˡ
ðɣȻҾһ˰ɡ
˵仰תȥٿ½ܵˣ˼˵ǸϽ߰ɡ
½Ļ¶һ˿ϲȻ˿Աߵ˼˵Ͽߣ۵Ҫ
֪½ܲôɱڿıϾףղõǿơ
Ȩ˻࿴һۣʩһȻ̧ź½ܴҴҵ뿪ˡ
ȵ뿪֮󣬴ĶѾŵĵ˵ʦ֣Ҹղ˵Ǹ巨ǿղžͲӦôӦǡ
תŶѾ̾˿Ӧô죿ѵİʧǺ½ǰԾ
ĻѾҲ̾˿Ĭˡ
˵½ǴҴҵĳĵֱۣתһҽڡ
ҽڵĴ½ܻѪҲһȥϸһЦˡ
ԭ½ܵȻͦģʵֻ˵Ѫû˵Ҫ
½ܶԼƷǳ˽⣬ϴЦȴҲЩΡ
ȨȥˣǴȵһ´˹Ǹʲô
Ǵһĸٿ˿ڣϽżһ¶½ܰһͨ
Ȱ֮ȨæҽݵС̧ź½ܣҴҵĻصš
ȵ˺˶ɢȥ֮󣬺½ŴӴ
ԱߵȨȽϵʵ֪½ܸղˣۣڼոհ˿ھҶæȰ衣
´ƸոհϣҶڴŵĺá
Ǻ½ܿȨŵӣһЦ
˲صģƣֻЩƤ⣬֮ˡ
Ȩ½ܵӣЩĿ֪࣬ʲô˼
ԱߵȨļȻ˵˲صģһأ˭ɱֻһﲻɱġ
˵ˣȨҪٲ˼Ǿɵˡ
ֻȨ̾һҡҡͷ´ƭԺ֮һ鷳¶
û£ȶһ˵ɡ˵仰֮󣬺½̾һ
ʱҴİͷ
Ȩ˺½ܵĻҲ޿κΡ
ڵڶһ磬Ȩʹź½ܵһȥ۰ݷá
һؿŵĶѾûƴǣˣͽǼ쵽˺ԺǼ䷿䡣
⼸˸֮󣬸
Ѿȥ֮󣬺½ܱȲʵ֪ʲôʱ̣
Ʋ˺½һۣû˵һж⣬Ƕʱɡ
ãȻվͿ̡
֮Ҳ˵ͷ½͸¶Ϣǰߵս¿²ô˳ټϸɸ˵İˣӦǳ͢Щֲסˡ
½Ҳпԭ
Ȼճɡ
½ǿϳɽˣȫ
⼸½ܵѹǳĴΪڼϳеʱ˼ǲܣ㸺ߣĽǳ͢ڰ̵ǰ˸ͷ
һҪǲɽѾԴ¾ͱסˡ
뵽ʱǺƽվǰľһȻ˵Ҵ°գлˡ
ֵĵ˵ͷȻԳ˵һɽҰ򣬻ųָ͢𣿡
Ļ½ܵЩ죬ͷ˵ˡ


304 
ڶ糿ḷֱ̌ǰ
ȵǼǧ棬ڵǰʱȴֳ͢ƱеĻҪ
ڳ͢ȻƼ԰̵ĹƣֻǾء
Ǿ԰̲аҲֵó͢Щв档
رǰ죬̵Ľ壬ѾǰҪϿͻƳ͢ķȻĴռĵ̡
⼸У͢ҲǷǳΪѡ
λβϧվǰȥ̵ĴӪУҪɱ壬ÿһζ顣
һΣۣƴһҪ׷ɱ
Ҳʱ˳͢ĴӪ֮С
һλȻ˵ˣʧȥȻǿľ񣬴Ӫǰȥӭӡ
㻹Щжġ
Ϊڰ·֮ϣ½ܵ˾ĵλ֪λǴ̵͢˧
ں½ܵ˵Ľ֮£Ǻ棬ȻԺѣ֮֣Я˱ʡ
ڱ֮У㻹֪ǳģмλȫ˧ģһɽҰܹ֮ġ
ִⲻǸλ
ִⲻϣΣֻԼλԱ߸һ
ȵ֮ڽվ
żɤ˵Ѿǰܿͻҵȼߵ֪ͣǷпİ취
°ϲڵĺӣ˵˵ģر´˵һǳķһʹܹƸ򡣡
ĻĬĬĵͷǶ֪
λҲعڵĵģҵͷҲһĵ֣ʱҰס壬λӴܹʤ
˼üͷΪĻУ㲢ûʮİջ塣
תͷһ룬˵Ļʵûп̸
˵ʵ飬̹ģմսʱ򣬾ס壬ͽҵȡ
˵ʱҲЩͷʹ
ΪڰвֻһֵµЩͽͽÿһ˺ô֪һֵķ
رǸС⼸ǺСεĽ֣Ȼ˵ѹסСҪȷʵס
⻹СûжôԴǰѱԵʣҪǶǰѱǶ֡
ںס̵ϴ󣬵ʱڰסǸСټµЩ˳Ӧֵܹס̡
˽ԼıԱߣ㰲һǰȥϢ
ڶϣľʣȻԼԱߡ
еŽζԸ̵ʱͻȻһС˴ʣɹǰ
˧ֵ߰̽ҪָҪ˧󡣡
֮»
ʱ԰̵ѹ˵СҪӦ̵ĽҪӦ͢ԱʣѾЩͷöˡ
ǳҪһʤˣ̵ܰĻᡣ
΢΢һЦתͷ㹰˵Ȼǰ̵ҪҶһͬǰ˵
ҲͷƶҪʶֶΡ
ĻǴϲȻõŴһǰ
ǰſơ
ʱƣֻ£ҲǱ㡣
ڴǰİ̵Ĵ󽫴ӵһɡǣɡ֮һһλòõˡ
һ˾ǴһԭʶģǰϮԼǸ
һԵһֱڹ۲㣬üͷһѵЩȴˣ
ιü
ҿɡµǸʶģǰʱ򣬴ϮңҴˣû뵽˾塣
һԵĻоǴϲ
Ȼ˫ǰ֣屻˹˵廹Щյġ
û뵽徹ȻĴ£Ҳ¶֡
㱻Щ˼ӣȻ˵ҳʲô£ֻСееһѧߡ
˵ʱ򣬶̵ӪзɳһƥһһһԱŮ
ֻŮ˫ǰرۣҴĽȡ
һһս
Ůĺ͢һߵĴ󽫶ӡ
㿴־Щ֣ŮҲǶôսôô˶ԵС
Ҳ֣ǸϽĽ˵ҪСŮӡ
ŶѵŮӻʲôŹֲɣ
ˣҲЦŮȷʵ£ŮӺһŮͬµĴһսһֱҹǰλ󽫸ˡ
֮ЩԾŮһһεεˣ˾Ȼܹսҹȫ߸֪
ֵ˼ͼæۣǶ治ͣر۵Ůӿȥ
һֻЦˡ
ԭ֮УŮſԭһľʣлҲǸֵֻֽ
㣬϶ЦݣֵʵǺ⣿
ýж֪Ůʹò۷ƥֻǸľʣлҲֻֻֽ
Ǵһ
Ҫ˵ҲǷǳĻҲͳµĵš
һȻûпŮʹ۷
ЦЦ˵Ȼλ󽫶ϳ֣ôƶһˡ
˵֮󣬱ŴµĿɳǰ
ҫˣһȻһЦ
٣Сʿڵ֮ǰ𣿡
СﲻҪڳԣƶͨ
мҲϵģгǰ֮̽⣬оͷǸС
˿֪СҪ㽻֣æںߺ
㲻Ķ֡
СֻƳһ󣬾Ͳܲ˵شǰֱȡ㡣
Сﱼ۶Ҳսһսȥ
СˣţСʿȵǰҽսʲô
Ҳдʡ
ëë壬ϼʣޡͷڣ¡ƽ𹳡аնաǿնףʦ˵
֮͵ĻͷǿҪǰŮӣһ


305 ˼
һոڣͻ˰ֱߵǸŮȥˡ
ŮҲ⧲þͱΧס
ڽսǰ˼תͷͷһֻɢȥǸŮѾ¶
ֻڿµսѾ±˰ʣеĸֵѾֽҲֽֽס
ǰ˫ٱһпһƬĻȻ
ʱֱǸŮ
ԭŮѾû˸ղŵ£еֽ˵ϣȻľʣתԼȥ
һŮܵùս
û£ͱ׷
Ҷ֪ŮӸղŵսΪ׷ˣŮҲȥʤ
֪ŮֱۣһӾͰŮץԼš
ŮӲûбֳղŵ£ȻƴǶڵȻûаİ취
صԼǰŮķڵϣԱ̾͹ʿŮŸʵʵ
Ůüͷ壬Ȼ̾һ
û뵽̵ķ棬ҾȻûп۷
Ҳ̾Ҫֻ֪ǰ̵۷ĻƾķһַƳ
õ⼸Ųֵµʿʹȫʿ䡣
ʱУСѾЩ߳ŭתͷ幰˹˵ʦʿѪ𣬽ǰǰȥȡ
屾ǲСյģͷһ룬ҪǲӦ˽жסԼǰиӦ
˵ˣСոյһƾⱦͨǲҲܹƽ
ðɣȻִˣȥǸʿǵʿȷʵЩ죬ҪСġ
С֮ɫصı˱ȭ֮󣬴ǰ
ֻСŸֵ󻹱һѲ֪ıһߴغɻʶ̣ɸһʤ
ʱں̸ͻȻ˽תͷһǰһƥһŵС
СһףŸֵԵݣӢˬ
㿴СüͷȻתͷ˵ˣСѾͷЩԹȥȡԻ
̾һ
³ܶ󣬻˭ǰ
˵仰ܵĴ󽫿˿ɫǳ
Χ£ܵĸԱ󽫣Ļɫȴûһ˸ҷǰ
ЦЦ֪ֵµѾЩ˸ˡ
ûмʤ̣޷ǵĵġ
Ҳתͷǰ
СˣüԲҧгݣ޲þͰ˺á
ȴ΢Цƽ˵Сղһɺá
ʿɱԽؼǰȻ
С˵֮Ҳԣֱֵ㡣
Ҫ˵ȷʵǸǿǶǰȴó
ѾΪɣѾ˸Եı仯ڷӦȴѷС
Ҳǰγ˱ıڵ
Ȼ˵ѾˣʽȴԶûмµĹͱСƵҵЩмܲס
ҲӲţתͷԼȥ
СòײŴ㣬ܣ˴߶һֱӾ׷˹ȥ
֪һƣһǰۣһ͵͵ƣСѾ׷Ͼ΢΢һЦ
񣬵ػ׽飬ؾ
֮һ̧֣͵ľߵС˦ȥ
ֻϽһžһ磬ֱСš
СȻ֪㾫ͨ׷û뵽ǰ͵ϮЩ⧲
СЩµģ׹˸Ͼ֪ãҲ䣬̾Ϲ
һñܹˣĹҲڵơ
ڵתͷűֱС
С龰оһҲţֻӻͳ˼ֽˣдʣȻ󵱿һס
ǼֽصʱѾ˼񽫡
رһ񽫻Ž⣬ֻһŹ֣һͲǺ롣
ǵһμСʱֽ˿Щ֡
Ѿ޳˽𵤣ֻһᵤеķ̾йͨӿеı֮ϡ
Ǳ̾ͷų˹⻪Ȼ͵סзɳ
ʩչǴӷɽնабͳбϵԱĿƷΧֻзԲʮɣһĿ޷Ʊ
۾ע֮£ǱҷڣǼС˵ͷųֻֽգ۵Ĺͱⱦȫ
Сʵûк£ֻٴηԼ˼֮Ͳתͷͣ
Է򶨣ֵ֪»ѹ׵ĹҲСƣһ̧ջصı֮󣬴ǰ
СӵˣһЦӱγǰµõı֮󣬿дʡ
еıʼĲҪС˫֡
СѾǰ㣬͵һеı
Ǳ뿪С˫֣̾ͻһ⣬дһȦȻֱĶš
ⱦ£һĺХ֮
һüû뵽СڵΪⱦʱ򣬾͸оЩ֮ŵĹܸһЩѹ
̾һеǰɽҲȥͬʱҲ˷
ȥնаΪֽ׾У
㷨ļӳ֣ǰѱıͻȻ͵طų˽⣬ȻֱСɽײȥ
ѱڰУһײһ
һײ㵹ûоʲôһߵС͸оһѪڡ
ԭֻѱڰʵǵҲ˱֮ϡ
Ҳѱ
޳ɽ𵤵ˣСȻڵгɣ𵤻һξ룬һ־Ϳ˫ĸߵ͡
СҲ٣Ҫ֪ǰѱǷͬСɣԪɵķʦ˴͸Сġ
Сһðеı̷ųһŵĻ棬֮ڰģһ׹ȥ
һüҪǲϿСʰˣôⳡս¿²֪ʲôʱܽ
Ҳڣȫƶһָеı
ǰѱǷͬСɣһɽȻҪòս֮ϣԴӻһѱ϶Ϊһ֮ѾȱֻǱԻࡣ
һ÷ѱ¶
ֻⱦҲûʲôصĹâֻǻһ⣬ֱǷŽðŻС񽣡


306 
ѱڰײһ𣬽Ҳûȴȴһҫ۵Ĺâ
â˵ֱͺгһ̫
̫͵ɢȥһǻա
ʱҲſڰзģֻʣеǰɽ
СķѾӰ
һУɽ˳С
СѾǿѪЩ
ԭղȫһСеǰѱѾ˷顣
Ҫ֪ѱʱ侫ĶԭһҲ˵Ҳǲ˵ķɡ
Сȷʵǻ飬ȻǿѪϵĶȴûֹͣͷ͵ؾԼȥ
̧ıСȻ£ͣеĶ
СѾͷһĹҶҲ壬Ҫٲ֪ôһζȻ㲻á
СſϣݺݵĻͷһۣмð˻档
СѾͷûаĻϣѾȫɱ۾
忴ǰ㣬üͷţʱ͢һֱǱսվȻԼݣĪǰСʿǵ̡
Ҫ˵ʿҲǴģһȡСʿ
ʱСսѾصǰض幰һ֡
ǾҪ˵ʱ˰֡
Ȼ˾Ͳ˵ˣϿ쵽ȥɣǰ½Ϊʦͺá
Сǿͷȥ
Сˣ߶սǰվŵʵСʶ·񣿡
ϸĴ壬Ȼ²ǵǸˣȴûóȻϡ
ǹˣһƶʿôʶ˼ң
ڵУǽֵġ
һѣѾԿ϶ǵϮԼǸˡ
ֲԼղſξЩϤԭǵ갵ԼǸ
뵽ʱϾͲÿˣҧ˵ԭ㣬û뵽»棬Գְ㣬Ժ˵ȥҲЩҫˡ
˶ԷĻɫЩڳЦԼԵУֻҰ¶֡
Сʿ˵ȻȻǰǾͼߵ͡
˵仰֮ҲٺϻֱӾʹӻȡǱ졣
·Ͼ½ܺ˵
ڼԷֱӾȡ˲ҵҲӻȡԼĿ
һ··ϣ˼ôԸı˼ȥǷͷΣ⿽Ҳһñ
ǷͷȻԷųԵķԿ죬ǿҲܹųԵķ򣬺һϳ̡
ҪǣٻĹսһãܾѺ꣬Ŀǡ
ֻҡе죬дʡ
һе͵ľͷųһĲƣȻⲨƾȨɢܿͰѷԲʮȫ֮ڡ
оʹһЩǰսˡ
ΪչҪ㲻ܹȡʤôĴҲӲ
˵ԷչҲ£ֻ͵ҡԼеĿ
⿽ҲųһĹ򣬿ʼɢ
ǿųĹ򣬲ûкĹ࿹⣬УǱһġ
һЩˣ֪ô£Ҳ֪ᷢʲô顣
ҲоԼ֮뵽һûкԼ࿹⣬ǸԼܡ
Ȼ֪СʿڸʲôԿԿԷķʧˡ
ȻôҲͲˣֻҡе졣
һ¿ɲˣҪ֪ڿǰǰĹٱ겻ðϢһرôһУ̾ͷӵ
ֻڵķԲʮڣе궼˰֮УȻǾͿʼ񺿡
һߵʿûʲôµģΪѾΣ֪Щ겻˺ǣ˿˵С
ǳ͢һȴһˣЩʿǶһɸеıЩòˡ
龰֪ϣǰغ鲻Ͽ춯֡
ʵѣѾо˸Ĳͬ߻ۡ
Ҳ˲ûа취ҧҧ
ʦģ׷˻꣬ķꡣ
ӶʱǸͻᱻѺȻתԼĵ
һӶȴ겻ûܵκε˺ǿˡ
һ龰оһ֪ſǳʲô⡣
һתǰʱſÿһβǶô꣬ᱻ׵շ
һǰ죬ԼĿȴ鷳ԷǸӦúͿһ׵ģ˵ǿſġ
Ҫ֪ſڵλĹŶ̯ģĺʲôϸĻôӦǰ۵ǰˣſ˵λ档
֮Ҳָſˣֱӽ˻УִԼȡǷͷΡ
ֻͷһȻͷξһ棬еķͷѾһƴССˡ
㽫С˵һס
Ȼһ󻶿УСѾͳһɷԲһ
ǣĻ棬ȻһĹϲȻͣɢ
ͨ㣬ϾͿһʼ͢һĴС
壬ʵռǷݻڿյʱ򣬾ѾӶҪսپ
ôӶ죬µĹҲ޷ڿǻˡ
Ż˹ɢȻеڰγ˶ţɽȻ㣵ķڰвͣĶԿ
ԼĻ˽˹¶ЦݣҲЩ̤ʵˣ΢ЦŶ庰㻹ʲôֶθϽʹĻǰڡ
СʿҪ˵󻰣ھʶʶ
˵֮Ӷе죬ǰѾ꣬Ļ裬Ȼʼţ
ñǵҲʼȻŴࡣ
öһһָ
ǰе꣬˳ֱö
㸽ʱͷϵĻҲʼųĻ棬ЩԽ꣬ʧȥĻӣһգ˻ҽ


307 ͨ
󿴵Լ޷κζԷ¾Щֻһҡе죬̾ͷų˶
Щûɢγһƣ͵ľһߵĴȥ
ֻһƮƮƣа޾ɱ
ǱմȾˣᱻǵҲữɻҽɼƵݶ
Ȼ֪⼸Ƶǹ⿴ǺӾ֪Ǻö
һǰеķ̾ͷһУȻϾͷɳ˶ĻţһһֱЩƶȥ
һһڰˡ
ûдеļҵײ֮ڰлϣȻʼʧա
ҲЩԾҪ֪죬Ƿĸ͵ķ
ƾ͢˶ٸˣ֮ɷ顣
û뵽ǰȻ˶֣еķͷΣȻܺԼƴ˸
תķɿ죬뵽Ҫǲǰ㣬ôԺžˡ
췴һĺãҪǰм˥ܣҲɲ
嶢˰죬͵Ĵӻȡһ
ⶫԵģǼξȹǸʨӡ
ֻʨһףʨӹ˼£ͻһɴСĻƽ͵ʨӡ
ʨһȻķһָ
ʨҵԼĿ꣬ڿվһͳȥ
ʨӣһ
Ǽһεģһǿӵ
ڵʱʱⱦһ֣͸о޾вҿʱ岢ûȫƿҪܣûԾĻʱʱҪ˴
ڼʨֱԼæһٻеķˣǰȥԵС
Ҫ˵ȷʵһӵ̾ͻһֱ̫ǽʨײȥ
ʨҲʾӾвͣ
ŷԽԽӽʨԸоԾˣΪȻȼĻ棬Щһ־͸ϣʨεҡͷβ޷ȥ
ʱ򣬻ѾʨӵĸֻצֱʨӵĶžץȥ
ʨҲʾȻϻлڸϺȣʨȻǰצǰл˶һǡ
һײʨϾʾ˲С
ڵϷ˼жȥ˵
һ֣̾ʹַųĻ棬ȻЩ滯һǣֱϵʨȥ
ʨӺԣ֪еĻǺģǰͣıԾŲͣĻ
ԶһĻ죬֪ԼĽʨӣ²ǻ˵Ķ֡
û뵽ԼĽʨܴùˣֻҪܹסԼʤˡ
ڵ弱æĻӶԼ죬Ҳдʡ
ĻӶµʼһš
ӢҲţʼ͢һϮ
ǰҲЩͷۣΪڿɹ˲ˡ
ֻҪڷɶǽʨӵ׷ɱʨ̾ͻҪԼ
ûа취ֻȡԼһǾֽӡ
ָȻڹûʲôôȴһ
ҲܹʱֵסǽʨӵĽҲû˳ȥֵ졣
ֽһ֣ͷɿطֽ֮С
һֽӣֽӾͷųһŵĺƣȻϿγһǡ
Լİȫ˱ϣһǣ˺ǽʨӶĻˡ
ǽʨӣٴηڵ˰֮Уų̫һһλס˳͢Ĵ
һüȻҪ͢ĴҾҪ
ָ¡
Ķǽʨ͵Ϸų˽⣬ȻҲʹһȦ
ֻǰһֽܾӵĸȻǰצֽȥ
ʨӵĶֽӴɡǣҲһĻζ
ֽҲоʨӵв֪ʨӹƽӵķ˴ӻȡľ⣬Ȼ
巽ʹ顣Ƽ̳ԾΪǲȥа뷡
һ꣬ľʹһŵĵ⡣
ֶ߲ͣĽʨӣ¡
Ķס
˽ʨӵϣʨһҡΣҲʼСһЩ
Ĺȥǽʨӵһ˿׷ʨûжá
ʨӱ£ӵıˣĴָߵɡǡ
ɡҲĹͷǲнʨӣһ̣뵽ֽ֮С
ŵֱ£ʨҪǵԼǰҪˡ
ʱǽʨѾ˵ֽ棬ֻһģֽӾЩмܲס͵Ļһ̣С
ǰ˫ʨӷɵǰԶѾΪһˡ
嶼Ϸųһ˿˿ЦݣСʿˣôԼսҲһϲ¡
ŽʨϮΣգҲƴˣҲ˲ˣʹԼɱﵡ
Ҫ˵ѹ׵ı£ǾǴдǷصͨ
ͨһֱʩչҲΪڹؼʱ̸һġ
ڵΣգҲ˲ˣֻһͺʶеöϵһ
öʶ֮аķ䣬ŷӿ룬㿪ʼų˶Ĺ͵ľͽסȻȥ
ʱ˿͵ĿʼȻͳûмĹ򣬾Ѿʮɵľˡ
ҲǵһȫʩչصͨЩܲˣڵеķڲͣӿʶеķ䡣
ʨǰʱѾһʮɵľˡ
ʨȻɵĳڵ㣬ֱһеߡ
ֻ̧ţ͵ľʨӲȥ
ǽʨӿŴĴɽȫëˣֻβһУ͵þһȥ
ôˣֻѾɾ˵һֻ׷ǽʨӣһ̡
ǱŷɿĽʨӣһûעͱץС
ץסʨ֮͵һþǼŷԲСĽʨӷһ󰧺ȻһŽֳεʱѾһƴССʨӡ


308 
ʨӣתͷ̵ķ˿֮ЦЦ͵Ŀ粽ֱмȥ
ѾͨЩĿɿڴˡ
Ҫ˵ⷨصͨڵҲǼģʹͷһμ
ǰɲ˼룬ôһĹѾǰ
оͷɫһ̧ͷһЦء
һЩŵòᡣ
ΣĹͷǿƵȻҡе졣
Ҫ֪;Լ֮С
ҡֻоĿռ䷢һı仯ͨʼܵ˸ѹ
ķ򻯳һڵأоԼ֮ͨʼܵͬһɹɵҪ֮бȥ
һо֪ãҪⷢչȥԼ¾Ҫ͵ʴˡ
Ҳٳɣ򣬾ҪЩ
ʱѾ˵ı֮˵˴м䣬İʿѾǰ档
ȵ΢ȫһЩм㿴ȥֻҡεļЩķʼ֨֨֨죬ۿžҪѡ
ôˣֻһλӶ죬͵ؾͿʼ
ʼΧСߵĹȴԽԽǿ
տʼʱ򣬻ܸоԼҪⷨǵ˺ⷨԽԽǿѾЩˡ
һЩԾˣû뵽
Ҫ֪ԼʩչĿǷأʮķ֮һԷܽԼסҲǷ
ССסԼЩ쿪ˣһвͣĻ˺ܵʲô͵һ߷
˵ĽӽЩԵĹһκԹҵײ
һҪӽĸˣȻųķ򣬲赲Ȼ˴֮С
һ֮Уͺһպĸ䵽ˮһ
µͿʼ˾ҵı仯һͻų˾ҵײ
ɴɵĺµʼȣտʼʱֻһĲȻʼ
ıϵǷҲʼı͵һþЩ㿪ʼ䡣
ʱǰ̵ʿѾ׼һ˲䣬ļʸһ
ʱͨӳ֣˶ЩļͷҲֻ˫ֻס۾͵ǰ߳ȥ
Щ̵ʿȻ˵ڽϴԣȳ͢һߵʿܹ̣Ҳи޶ȵġ
żʮɵľ߳棬ڹЧ£Ҳоצˣ׷׵ȥǰ̵ĸ߲ôԼҲ޷ֹЩʿ
ںߵǴ֪̾н죬ǰʱӦ¶ģ
˵ʲôҲˡ
Ĵͽ˳ʱҲЩˣʦô˶Σͷˣܣ̾ء
ʦǻǸϽɣȻĻȵʱ߾ˡ
̾һĬĬĵ˵ͷ
˳һʦӦˣϾһϲȻ򸽽ļױһʹɫЩһӵϣͻȥ
ǳ˵ٶȵǰĲܿͱ׷ϡ
ڴΪһڽӵʱͻȻ֮䣬ӻȡһȻ͵ȥ
ﵽ֮У͵ľͻ˶ƣ֮лŶĽ⡣
ǰȥûעĹ򣬾ͱƸȫסˡ
㱻֣͸оԼͻȻһֵĿռ䡣
ռ֮Укo˽
ȻŬЩ˵ʲôôϸ޷һ˿䡣
˾Խ壬ԽԷ˵ʲô㲻ԾľС
ĹߵѾֵµ˴Ӫ֮С
ȵ͢һԵʱȻڵأ֪롣
Ϊͳ˧ŴŰ̵ĴӪûй˵㡣
ãͺ½ܻеģǴżԡ
֣ô£
ŵҲЩһĪչûм
ҧҧ˵ҿһǰ̵۷Ǳ۷ԡ
½˶ԷĻ˵ͷȻ˵ĻǾͼˡֻҪǸԷһЩʹܷӦ
ô˵Ǹôֲܻ
ף㿴ţȥһʹӦþܷӦ
룬˵ͷ˵Ҳֻˣڶֵʱ򣬿ҪǧСġ
ģһִ֪ġ
½˵֮󣬱ǰȥĽ¡
￴߼ʮɵ㣬¶һ˿ЦȻͻȻĴӻȡһֻɥŶ
ǲԭȵʱսʱһĹС
ĹĹе˳ʱĺ½ܻͲ󣬸ո˹š
ɱ˾ǲĹ
սʱʱĻ˽ģͽ͵͵Ĳ
ϱ֪Լ˽رԾͽ⼸Ĺһˡ
ϱ߻㱨ǸӼˣЩĹܲʱ򣬲ûͶҪ֣ΪԱֻǽɱˡ
½ڵõɥŶ֮󣬶ȻĶǴûù
ҪԼɱﵣֻĹͷʹá
һΣε㣬ȻѾϴ˫ֹϵһЩǺ½ȷʵЩխѾεļļ䡣
㱻ֵʱ
ֻ̧ͷ͵ĽеɥŶķ֮ȥ
žһںڵĹâֱ֮ࡣ
ʱѰԼߵЩ԰Σûз뷨
зŵǻˣȴл֮ġ
һֱ࣬ϾһУȻЯĻ͵³ȥ
˻һЩ㸽ʱɥŶѾﵽ֮ڡ
ǣʱҲ֪ôˣôɥŶķ֮䣬Ȼûиоκεʹ
±߿ŵĺ½ܣ¶һ˿΢Ц
ɥŶиصǴ֮ϢҲоκεֱɥŶ˳žѪҺ࣬һ𱬷
ȵǸʱɥŶҲûǸʱˡ


309 ȥ
ں½ܣоԼĸ󻼾ҪȥʱûסɥŶĻҲһȻЯŻֱ½
ԭͷȻ˵һĺȴһֻ˵ľ
˵ͷҲһصˣΪ˲űȱķһЩԼ˼롣
˲ûֵʱһЩ
Ѿ֪ǰ½ܶԼΣգȻã֮УǻȻԼͣʼԶ
Ǻ½أͻȻ֮͸оԼͷһȡ
½Ͼ֪á
˺½͵ľȥȻڵϴһ֮ʧ١
ȵ½ٴγֵʱѾӳȥ˼ɷԲ
½ոյһ¶ͷеĻ˾һȥ
һԿŵҲ˸ղź½ܵĲԾͺ½ܱϾǶˣȻܼȡ
ǰһӻȡһֻйٱʣ͵ľȥˡ
йٱһվͻһ⣬ֱзĻˡ
˶йٱʿҲ˫ôײһ
йٱʺǻ˺ͣһֱӾʹӻ˵Ϸɵóȥ
ǻ˺ûܵκε˺Ȼһ·½
Ǻ½ܿŵɫ԰ס
ûа취ӿ³һͷѪȻڵһٴûӰ
˵ڶ˿֮һηɵ֮Уһŭ
Ǻ½ʧȥӰ֮󣬼֮ٴʮľ֡
ڵĺ½Ѿǹᾣ˿ܾЩԾ
ԭ½ʩչһطѪݡ
ƾĿڵһѪԼ廯ޣӳ˵׷ɱ
ѪȻ˵ʮֵȴһ㣬ǾÿһʩչҪԼͷѪ
ƾź½ܵĶҲֻʩչΣʩչεĻȻɥ
ǰеĻˣ˺½ֳӰһηУȻȥ
ڵϵĺ½ܿĻˣһ˿ľ
֪ܹͲС˼ˣľǺҩ֮Ҳˡ
һԵȻľԮսϼǻ˵ܣҪȥ»ͺ½һɻҽ
ҲʲôˣȱסԼҪ
˾Ԯ֮£ǻЯһһ˵˺½ܵϡ
½һҽеûзͱճ˻ҽ
˵﷢㶵㣬Ͳ֪ԼϾҪûˡ
γ֮䣬ǹڽͻȻ֮͸оľ
Ҫ֪ѾɾءʤأҪ˵ѾСˡ
һǲľĸо
˹Լľǳӡ
ֹͣԣ̾ͨеͨ
Ҫ˵ͨǷִ֮ͨһ
©ֻͨдﵽӵľزܹӵ֮⣬ֻͨҪǳɾؾܹʩչ
ֻΪ򾳽ĲͬͨʩչĴСҲһ
ҲǿԤƼδܹͨΪĳ䡣
ڹһʩչͨ̾ʹӹȥδ֮УյԼıܵв
Լķ֮һںڵĹâڲͣǰߣϾ͵λá
ûеǣǳĳһֲԼղľԭǱܵв
ҵĸôͺðˡ
ֻԣϾͷųź⣬ܿľʹ͸ˣʱͿռıݣʼٵĽάգ۵Ĺ뵽硣
ĺ⣬ڵʱ򣬺ܿͱ֣ⷽû赲Ľ룬Ƿֳһ֮С
ʶĺ⣬һ˲͵λá
ʱǰڲͣɱĳ͢Ͱ̵ʿֻоϹâʢžһЯĴȱٵȥ
ŹЮʶĹâһ뵽֮У̾˳ž뵽ֻһ˲ҵźɫĹâ
ȻŹʶһɥŶȫİס
֮ɥŶǸһȻʼڻֻʣһŵĺ
˴ʱǹâ֮дһҵ
Ǻ㿪ʼڡ
˵ı壬Ȼֵ֮У԰Ρ
㱵ʱһɹɷҵĶ
һףӻ֮о˹
ֵ֮󣬾̾ͼȻ֪á
Ҫ֪ǰԼȻã֮УҪи˰ԼôԼˡ
ʱͻȻĸоԼķ֮һɢ
һü̾һϢ֮д֪ǰ
֪Լ֮Ǵŭ
Ҫǵ˰㣬㻹ôû뵽ľȻǺ½ܡ
Ҫ˵ԼҲЩ飬ԼԭĹʧû뵽ԼΣͷԮԼְ㡣
ֻ͵۾Ȼ˶ǰһȻĴѰңҪǺ½ܵӰ
ʱһԹۿõҲˣǰҲ˺Ҳǡ
εʱѾ˶˷صͨ
ֻ±˵ĴСȻ󼸸ҵǰȻʵǺ½ʲôط
Ŀһ£Ȼ˵½ܸղҪĻ˸ˣѾɱ
᣿֮ŭա
ҪûһͣѾˣ˵ᡣ
ʵЩſڽ࣬Ҳ֪ôش
ŭĿ˿Ȼ˵͢ǰΪ˶Ը壬ܣҲʧھ͸ˡ
˵֣֮ȻһС
ŵĻҲһֻͷΣС
㽫ͷηԼĻУȡֽӣȻ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ոշŵ˻ȴˣֽڸղսϵʱ򣬵ֵԷĽѾˣڿһʱʹˡ
ֻͨһ壬ɳ˼Զľ֮󣬼ʧǰ
ԶȥӰҪûз
ȵս½Яʤ֮»صоʡ
ϱߣһɨȴûзټ
üЩʹ죬ȻһδսȫͨԼѾоʣôҲӦԼĴڱ
ȥˣôǰĪǵ


310 
ѯʣֻεŲ˶С
ضĻѾ뿪ˡ
üͷĸˡ
Ϊʲôһشսǳ˴͢һӷͣΪʲô뿪
ͷεҪԣ󶼰ѻ˻ȥ
µʲôлֱ˵
ֻǿ˵ղǰʱ尵㣬ã֮С½Ҫܱˣ˫˳ͻ½ɥҲ뿪ˡ
֮һ˿ŭ
ڳ˶ɵӣʲô½ҪԷˣƭһƭСӵĻ
Ҳ֪ԼĻ˵Щŷûа취ֻǰԼĺԲһԲˣϾѾˣѵҪڱ϶
λֻǺݺݵĵһۣ㲻ˡ
λͿʼպͰ̴ս飬ǰûгֹһ
˵˻شկǿĻ˳͢塣
ڴ֮а̾һδսʧϱ
ǽʨӾͲҪ˵ˣѾˣԼеҲܵˣһʱ޷ˡ
ôͳ͢ĴսЩ鷳
˰죬ڷ˫ʵ֮ڲòóһۣԼһؿٽˡ
ڻûʧȥϣΪһǾǵķĸ
ֻҪܹĸɽ͢ٵˣҲǶ֡
뵽ʱ峤ĳһȻƽһЩ
оսټĻ飬Ȼ󽫾ǰ飬ʱĽ˳ơ
֮ʹС뿪˾Ӫֻֽ½ȥ
ĽֲκεĵȫĴ߶ֽǿ磬ֻһʱ˼ϳһСׯ԰
֮һֽ׵ͷ
ֽ̾ͻ⣬һչ˫˵档
ոأСׯ԰Ĵű㱻򿪣߳һСá
Сÿæǰһ
Щˣĸڴ˹ˡ
ڷĸͨ˼ʶҲ档
ʦãΪҽȥͨһ˵ĸ
ҪͨĸѾ˷ֻּҪǽһ̽ȥ
С˵֮󣬾һơ
ССýСԺ֮С
СԺӴﵽⲢûκεĺ֮ȫһͨе˼ҵӡ
СôСԺĶ᷿ڷſվס˵ĸ
Ŷ᷿ھʹ˷ĸɡ
С֮ת˵ͷ
ĸȥ
ϽСһȻŽ˶᷿
СҪŽȥģȴСסˡ
ĸֻһˣԵƬ̣ߴ٣ٽȥ١
СЩˣڰ̳ʱСǷǳ÷ĸİ
һʱ䣬С͸ڷĸС
СҲǼģʱǶԼǳĿ
ĸߣСɲˣƢֻǺݺݵĵһֻСһֻۣվߵȺˡ
˵ݵ壬̧ͷһֻĸһǰĬĬžġ
üͷһ壬ΪǷ﹩ŵĲĸһ֪
Ҫ֪ǰŷľĸ
ڷĸλҲû˵忴Ƕ԰̵һֱѡ
ڷĸ֮£Ҳκεɣֻһֻ۱һֻˡ
μĸ
ǰߵķĸûĻȻžġ
ҲҴţֻǹȺ
˴һʱ䣬Ƿĸϣ۾
һʲô¶𣿡
ʻЩʹ죬̵黹ĸ֪
Ҫǲ֪ղôСӭҡ
һǰΪǰս²ĸһָ㡣
Ŀоʹ˵Թ
ǷĸĲ죬΢΢һЦվ˷Աߵϡ
ôˣҸ𣿡
տʼãǺһҰʿǵʿмÿҵͨ
Ŷ»ô͵ˣ˵
Ҳ˲ˣƢˣæǰĸһ顣
ĸĻǰһʿӰǸӰӲʱԼǰζ
˺ðĸŴԼ֮ѹһȻ˵Сʿȴǰ̵ĴУǰʱҶֹ
˵ʱ򣬷ĸ̾һȻ˵ҵԩҶͷ
ĸ˵֮ȴûаԹһ˿⡣
½ûĸеĲԣʵĸȻˣǻĸɽʱƾĸͨȻܹ˳͢Ľ
Ƿĸҡҡͷ˵ǳ޵֮ˣ¡²Ҫᡣ
Щģǲĸٴһ
ǺǣΪǱʲô
ӷĸĿЩͷŵ̧ͷĶŷĸ۾Ȼһһ˵ĸҵʢΣĸȰɣ
ĸûֻƽ˵ҴֻΪҶԵԵ־ˣ㻹ǺΪ֮ɡ
ĸ˵֮󣬾ͱ۾ˡ
ĸ֮ľҲΪʱƾܷѾ̵ռĲˡ
ΪڶѾûʲôôˣˡ
˷ĸĻȴˡ
ĸ˵⻰ͲˣͽǶӷĸ֮鲻ԣĸǣѵ飿
Ƿĸƽ۾Ŀһ֮˵Ҵ̵ֻնȴû췴ڵһжҰ£ʲôϵ
ĸ⻰ˣֻнϵµİհҵʲô
ĸѾЩӣû˵ʲô
ʵĽѾϵˣֻǶԷʵ֮Ұĸǡ
ĸǰҲΣĸȴûиԤѣΪĽ⣬ʱҲ˳ոɵˡ
ͶǾͲҪ˵ˣһ䣬ڰѾƲΪ㻹ǸϽҲܱȫ
ȻţǻûôƤܹͽƽ
˵仰мĿ˷ĸһۣȻֱͦ߳˷䡣
ĸȥ壬Ȼǳƽķ̲һ
˵뿪˷䣬վС˵߰ɣﲻǸôĵط


311 и
ĸŸ뿪ҡҡͷȻ̾һ
ڰ̵ѾĸյĲˣڵİֻǿ֮ĩ
˾ǷĸԳ֣Ҳһѣ󹦿һ
ĸܿͼᶨվ¹˹֮ǰĬĬ
֪ΪԼɾΪ޹İͽ
˵أ帺뿪˷ĸ֮վڽϿȺЩã
ڳ͢ĹһһԼֱʿܣķһ𻵲ʹãһҲԷˡ
ȻڻмֵıЩ޷á
վԵСԼʦһ¶ãӵɫ¶һ˿ۡ
ʦȻҲ֮ģǲɷϵǣΪ±ߣƶĵײյõ˼ܹǿȥ
ƾһ㣬СͶλʦǾмӡ
ʦصģͽڶֻ࣬Ҫģ볯͢һս
СĻǿ¶һ˿΢ЦȻĶС˵ĸĸѾ˱𴦣Ҳ뿪ɡ
Сһ⻰оһȻһɱ
ʦǿһСŮ𣿡
⻰Ӻ˵𣿡
ʦΪʲôҪӣ
̾һҿǰѾĵĲˡһս޷ˡΪ˽㣬Ϊʦ׼踺أͼ
ʵҲһСŮӳеΣЩͽҪ˵¶ݵмİѷѧҲֻСһˡ
岻òѸ˰̵νСϡ
һ嵱괴̵ʱ򣬿һֱڸĸԣѾѷĸѰ޵еṆ̀ѧ˸ס
֪ǰڴ̵ʱһŮӵĻõܶı
СվԱߣͷһ룬Ȼ͵̧ͷʦţᶨ˵ãҾʦķԸ
οĵ˵ͷȻӻȡһݵСС
·ĸ͸ҵǼ죬ЩˣԺúõļ㸴˰̵ʱһ
Сһֱԣ֪ܣڼʦ͸Լоһ
Ϊһϣ嶼ܰ͸Լġ
ʦĶԽսʲôϣˣͬʱѾ־
Сεץе죬˿ʦȻڵأļͷ
ʦԺСźʦˣϣʦıء
忴˿С̾һȻ˰˵Ͽ߰ɣҪҪȥʲôطҺһܲƤ֮ࡣ
СĻٴοһͷվ죬һͷ뿪ˡ
ôվ˺óʱ䣬ֱȷСѾӰŻعͷСȥķһۡ
֮ıͻȻļᶨ˫ȭݺݵĿһ۷ĸľӴȻһڣȻ뿪
ȵ»صǰʱ򣬷ĴѾһα
Ȼļͽƴ£ǽȴ롣
ͽ֮УЩƶľ񣬻кܶͶӡ
ʢЩͶȻǰ̵ҳۿŰ̾Ҫ군ˣЩ˿ɲᡣ
ΰЩ˵ĻᣬЩ˱㿪С
ˣȵЩͽܰ£ʱȴεط֣ԭʮֻʣˡ
ʱ򣬿ľΡ
嵱ʱľһ롣
Уİ̱ȳ͢ĴҪŽ࣬ΪʹܣҲ˽ǡ
û뵽һܣΪԽĹЩͽһ
˳ʦɫÿæȥȰʦعڵĵģЩ˵˶ЩĶ֮սҲΪҽȫƴɱµЩǵĹǸɡ
˳Ļ۾һţҲһֻҪЩӶˣʱٴͽЩӳ䵱Ǹɣʱܺͳ͢
嶨֮󣬶ֵµЩͽ˵˾ؼϣͬʱ·ټͽҪڼϳ볯͢һս
ЩͽǵʦĻҵĹһӦȻͷ׼ȥˡ
ŴҹˣȻ·ϲ̵ͣͽȻصϳǵʱʮˡ
»֮壬֪һԼѾɽˮĵز֮ܳ͢־ǰ
ҲǷ˺ˣһιռϳǵʱЩеʿǶŴһΪ˴Ҳ˲ˡ
ĵһ˿ʼҡ
һ¼ϳеЩǮ˿ˣÿһҶһ顣
Щ˲ͬ飬Ϊ֪ԼͷʱЩҲ
ԼڴƣЩһͳ͢ʱԼسǵʱֲãᱻЩڱͱӣ˻ڴĺá
ˣԷ͢ΪɣЩ˵ڶϴ
һؿǺһҪǮһһؿҪġ
ϳǿ죬Щԭȵŵүǣһпڿն
һ٣ڼϳʣµĶƽˡЩ˿ûЩ·ܹߵĳ͢нͨ
ҸҪǣϴõ˺ǮȫͿ֧ԼֵµĴսһ֮á
ټԭȾڼϳжڻݣܹ϶ֻҪԼֵܼס͢һһΪݲ˱ġ
һ
˵ڻ˰̵Ĵ֮󣬳͢ķͺܿˡ
ֵǣӪнзֻͣȴˡ
һΪ˧һⳡս֮г˴㡣
Ϊ˧Ȼȡ˴ʤѾλȨأһݣ͢Ҳǿܹ˵ùȥ
㣬ڴս֮г˴ģڸɸʱ򶼰ˣֻ㶥壬ó͢˽Ŀܡ
Ҫǰճ͢ǰĹĻٻõһɽΪɵפأͬʱ͵вҲˡ
һس͢ĹȻŲʣЩ벻ͨˣ
дֹ۵ģ֪͢ûз֮󣬾ҹȥҪڳ͢˵仰
Ҳ̸֪ʲôȵʳʱѾɫ԰ףӴ֮Ҳûйʹ
һжһ˫е۾ϾһֻŸ뿪˾ӪֱǶȥ
͢ոհ˼գ͵õս֪Ű̴Ѿʼ󳷡
Ű̴˵Ļᣬٴγ̵ܹЩһ򾡡
ڳʱͻȻ˴ֲָĴ޷ǰ
űʱֹͣоŰ̵ľӰȫس˼ϳǡ


312 ʩ
ʵŨŨĴȻγɵģǰ̷ĸķ
ȻĸѾҪˣôľӪټϽй˳ͽͽǣҪ˵ûиƭ˵ġ
ĸһط֤ܹƽؼϣҲڰһ˽ᡣ
ڷĸ귨ĵ׼ʱͻȻ֮͸оһĲ
ĸûк£ֻüͷԺŰкȵλˣһɡ
ŷĸĺڰдһϸЦ
ȻǽµķĸۼŸյͱ㷢ˡ
һˣԺǽ֮ϡ
ĸ˿ˣʶ
ܿͷ˺ƽ˲һĵطĴŴԼǸ̫ࡣ
ĸüˣһЦ
ǺˣҪʲô
Ǹ˵ͷŷĸȻָָָСѾͷ͵һѱ
ĸһ˵ĻǰʶԼоһȻͿʼһԼǰʶĸˣȻûз˵Ӱӡ
֮󣬺Լǰ˷ĸûʧһ򸣣Ȼʵ֪˼λǰˡ׾ûϳ
СѾͷ˵ô˷ӳ𣿡
һѷĸϾ˵Լ˷ӳ龰
ߣ˳˲ţûκξյľӳ졣
Ӧиڱѵǰ̫ࣿ
ĸ̫ܿĻΪλ̫๦ԼӦЩͲڳԡ
ĸ˼θмȻһ򸣣ʵѵ˼ҳ
ҿѾͷЩƢĻ£Ҳʾͷųְһѡ
ĸһ˿Σա
ˣ粻ʱԼЩԾ²Ǻ¡
ĸϻ¶м򸣡
СŮӣͶл˴֮
ҲҪлֻҪӦһ£ǰĶԹһʹ
ǲ֪ʲô£ֻҪСŮܹ쵽һȫԸ
ҪΪ͢Ĺһܽɽǧء
ĸ֮һЦ
̫Ҳ̫ΪˣȻƾ赱ĶԼΪ͢ūԼӦˣ͵˷ֵ¹͵ʲô
˼ңҵĶ飬Ͷ͢ΪӥȮ򲻿ܡ
Ǹ̫࿴ŷĸͬ⣬̾һȻ˵ܲɸ꣬ǲˡ
Ͼ۾Ŷķĸ˵Ҳס飬ֻҪվ˽ǵĶԹ
ĸˣ̫ҪԼģʵǳ͢ԸԼġ
ĸҲӲֻ͵̧ۣȻֲ֪ʱѾһλεذףȻ͵۾Ӧء
ĸҲܴ첲ѪȻ治ɫЦ˵첲ǱĶˣ֪˼ΪΡ
Ǹ̫Ŀ˷ĸһۣȻĬĬĵ˵ͷ
̫Ҳ˷ĸ˼Ϊ˽սɱ⣬ĸԼһۣҲǱĶˡ
ĸ̫ͷҲ΢΢һЦԼ˿һĨ
ǸղŻѪעĸ첲ھȻһ˲ľˡ
ĸϴ΢Ц㽥ļȥȻɭĶǸ̫˵˼ңҵĶѾ֪˼кδ㡣
Ǹ̫ҡҡͷ̾һ
ͲСұ㽻֣ϱҲòӣȻǻǼߵ͵úá
˵仰Ǹ̫תͷ͵пһȻͻһȥ
ĸ̫Ķ֪̫ǲڳж֣ڽһᡣ
ʱ򣬷ĸѾߣ˳ֻɨһ۷ĸĶϱۣоһȴ£˵طĸѾ׼ˣʲôʱ뿪
ĸ仰һȻ͵תͷѾΣյĹâ
ղԺһˣûп𣿡
Ҫ֪ղŶɲСԼذնֱֱۣۻڵƮأѵѾȫû
Ѿ߻࿴˿ЩĪ
طĸĻǲûзʲôˣֻǲ֪ĸΪԶۡ
Ƿĸ֮󣬳ĳһȻ۾һ£ɫͱøӵĲ԰ס
ղǸ̫ʱѾƬռȫĸ뿪
þԱеѾߣȻûзʲôͬ
̫ྐྵȻùԼʩչԼ֮ϣôһԼڽԾɾЩˡ
ĸھƲ̫Գӣһ룬Ȼ̫ķԼ֮ϣԼļ֮УҲӲ˶Զ
ĸѾȥҪ֪⼸ν꣬͢ңˣнĹ
ΪԼѾ޵Уû뵽̫࣬ԼСˡ
ĸü̾˿Ѿ˵ȳǵңһмҪ죬֮ȥѰǡ
Ѿߴӳ͸ŷĸڷĸƴӣķԸҲ˵ԱŰ뿪СԺ
ĸ˵ͷһ룬͵ĻصԼǹǰڵأ˼ͷ
վһ첼ĹԼ
Ȼִһ·˼Ժӣ̫ȥķ򣬻⡣
ĸܿ˽һɽ֮ϣȻĴûзǸ̫ࡣ
ĸûΪ̫ѾˣȻ̫ǿԼֲˡ
ĸֻǸ˼ңѾˣβһ
ŷĸУʮɿ⣬һӰĳ֡
ĸ̫ĳ֣üͷѾɽ̫ԼôԼȻûз֣Ҫ̫Ҫ͵ϮԼԼǰϵ
̫һЦСѾͷȻûˣЩʶȻҲһŵʱסˣֻҪܹ˳͢Ҿ
ĸ̫ʤȯյӣΪȻ
Ȼ̫๦ͷ֮ϣûеƵġ
뵽ʱĸԼǹ
ôʱĵļݣڷĸѾԼԼͱһ˿ϵ
ƾϵĸѾо֮Ľеô¿˭ó
뵽֮ĸЦЦ
˼ң㷨ǿв̫һʤˣҿɲݻɽ˼ҲҪ֡
СѾͷСʤۼңض˵¼°ɡ


313 ȶ
̫˵֮͵ľһΣڷĸǰʧˡ
龰ĸҵֻżأϾԾ˿УȻԱ߷ɳ۶ȥ
ĸոյ뿪ԭվĵطһŨ
ŨûʲôΣգ֮еĲľԻ˻ҽ
ĸڰ֮дʣϣɣ¾㣬Ǭͨ飬˲ꡣ
ĸвһֵĲֲһͣһɢ
ⲨɢڷĸʮɶԶľϣռ俪ʼŤ¶Ǹ̫Ӱ
̫û뵽ԼȻĸơ
Ҫ֪Դгٵļ裬ٴΣգƾطѡ
û뵽ˣȻһСѾͷ˷
뵽ʱ̫¾һɲõԤУоǰŮӾԼĿǡ
뷨һ̫ͷðҲѹȥ
˺̫ɴͲ뷨žڽ콫СѾͷˣҲ˽Լĺ󻼡
̫࣬ʵֻǹһ˲Ĺ
ڸոյ¶̫֮̾ͷһܷ
ֻһΣȻͿʵ֮䣬˰͸״
Ƿĸ΢΢һЦ˼ҵʱ򣬺αʩչֵС
ĸ˵֮͵ľǰһ壬ȻϾͷһŵĽ⡣
Ǹ̫ڷĸҲоһ⣬⻪һֱĸĶš
̫Ĺĸ̧ѾһۣԼǰߣȴûֹͣȻײǸ̫ࡣ
һǸԹˣͿ˫Ľĸˡ
̫໮ĺ⣬һ˲˷ĸǰȻзĸ۵ֵһҲܡ
ԭȶһۣȫ˷ĩһһ˳ľֱĸࡣ
ĸҧסûֹͣ
ǰ̫Ҳû뵽ĸ˵ľǿѾˣԼһ¡
ֻ̫ǾԱŲŲӡ
ǶˣǷĸѾǰ
ŷĸЮŵĽײ֮ϣӾ͸оǱǹһһķײɢˡ
Ǹ̫龰ҲһҪ֪ڿǽʵ֮䣬˵ѾһֻſԽάȡ
ȻӲǷĸĹϷŵĽⲻͬ졣
̫໹ǲ¶ˣĸŵĽ⣬ͽԸ
Ҫ֪Ϊصľ˵˼룬˼һ˲ԽǧʱȣҲܿԽľ룬һ˲䵽
ЩԸɵĽ⣬ԿԽάȹһλĴܡ
λĸô˵͵ı£Ҳƾѹo
ЩoòԶԶĶȥ·С
ĸղż̫ΣʵѾµºЩoȤ֮ͬǽѾά֮䡣
ĸóԼ⹦½⣬ȻһУ˶Էķ
Ǹ̫ȻƣҲûκεľţֻԵ˼Ͷ㿪˷ĸĹȻԽ˰գӻȡһȻ󵱿ȥˡ
뿪̫֣һһһ£Ȼ͵µǷĸȥ
ĸڹ΢΢һЦҪ˵ǱȱĸЩԺġ
Щ̤ɽõ챦
ֻӻһͣжһͭ
ĸͭ׼һգ֮ͭоӰӡ
ĸ֮ͭӰһǵӰ̾һʧˡ
ʵϾҪɵĸԵҲܵӰ죬ı͸Ҳʧ֮С
ϵǸ̫࿴ŷĸеͭЩԾû뵽СѾͷı
ԼٺСѾͷｩˣҪȫȽס˵
̫Ժϥ֮С
ϾͿʼŽ⣬ŽԽԽʢǱյĵطеĹ򶼱Ʈ
Ƿĸ龰ҲʾҲڵϣҲĬ񹦣ڷĸԺҲγһ¹֡
УҲӰЩ˶ϥһų̷ĸľӡ
ЩҲ͸˹ɢȻס̫ųĽ⡣
̫࿴ŷĸҲʩչͨüͷһ壬û뵽СѾͷѾֵزѾǿ˵֮
һԼˣҪһСǰ»治СѾͷĶ֡
̫һųĽ㿪ʼı䵭
ǴұΪǹãʵı䵭ܣȻʼıޣɾһƬա
տʼ͵ɢ֮һеʱռȫ
ĸ½ųĸҲյɢʧ١
ȵĸӦʱĸռѾ֣֮Ѿûκεʵˡ
ڵķĸֻƴȫתϵķֿյΪֻҪԵķԼ壬ͻ뵽֮С
̫࿴ƴķĸһЦȻ˵СѾͷʲʹ˹齵ңһΪ͢Ҳܱȫ
Ƿĸ̧ͷĮĿһ̫࣬۾ʼĬĬй
ŷĸĵѾԽʱͿռάȣ˹ľ֮С
ֻھ֮ͣһ£Ͼ»صλ棬ŵǸ֮С
ԭʱĸѾʹԼѹ׵ֶΣǾ޾ԸԼʱ˹ϣɹһ
ҲΪĸһͨҲƾͨǰȥΪѡ
ҪoҲףΪмѾˡ
ĸ޼ɵŵʵڵġ
ĸΪͽȻǲж˹ľ֮Уһ
Ϊľ֮Уһһһ뷨ܹ֪
Լľ֮УͬԼɻּ̾⽵¡
ڹľ֮Уûκεּ⣬ǾĬԼԸķ֮ϣʩչͨ
ţĸڹ֮ϣ͵طųǻۣ徻⡣
Щâʼڰ֮л㼯ɾһӰ
ԺɵĹ֣ڱ𸲸ǣ׺ϡ
̫龰ЩԾȻ֪ĸͨû뵽ܾȻǿ
̫Ѿоϵ޾ķ
ǰе۾ĮĶ԰е̫˵ϣʱ


314 
Źһ仰ܵĿռ䶼ʼ
Ļ棬ǣ̫͸оԲͣŵĺô֮ϡ
һ˵ĻѾڹˡ
̫ȴһǵе޳ɵɵ
Ҫ֪񲻴棬Ѿˡ
ˣ̫һֲã̾ϥŷӡʼ徻
̫Уðһ徻֮ʼӣֵ˷
ǻɹķĸڰ֮У̫еǿֵԼͨоһ
˵ڷĸûлɹǰ̫ͨǷǳ˽⡣
ɹƾŹޱ߷֪ܿԼľ磬Լ̫ͨ
Ҫ˵ԼһͿżɾ˵ɡ̫ѾǵеĶ
־翴Զʵʮǧ
ǷĸȻڻɹľϾޣ޷ӹͨ
ǲĸüͷһ壬ţҪսپҪǵʱ䳤ˣԼһԸľʱ¾Ҫ̫
뵽֮ĸҲٳɣתԼȫԸ
ֻĹϵһǽķȫס
ֻмĹָ֣̫һ¡
һ¿ɲˣȻκε״̫͸оԼ޾֮С
ûңԼʱ
̫ȴоԼķڷٵģٶȣûһĹԼͻɷӡ
һ̫ЩˣȻҲ׶ǷĸҪάڵ״̬ʱ䳤ˣͺԼûкľǸĸԸԼѾ˸ˡ
Ҫ֪һ˵ĻҲƾһ˿Ѫһս̫Ѿ˼£ټԼ޳ɵĵɣкܶʱԻȥ˶Ҫһ˸ӵϧ
Ϊ̫ʱˣԺСѾͷ鷳
̫֮ҲĶֻһΣͿʼʧʱ֮УҪάһγȡ
ҲǵɵƾԽγȣһЩ޷еĲ
̫ƾַһγȣϿ쳷롣
еķĸԸо̫ķ
Ƕɹķĸûа취ֹΪǵȻ˵ڻ˹ľϾޣ޷ɵ״̬
ƾĸŬ̫࣬ʡԺԼ鷳
ĸһνΪԸͶ뵽˻֮С
ЩϵĽ룬ǻһֳֻһ徻⣬¹⣬ʼܲͣɨ䡣
ЩâһɨϾҪʧ̫ϣ̾ͽ̫ඨ֮У޷ټά
̫һоһȥԼ͵ò˺á
̫Ҳƴˣֻӻȡһɫ˿ߣȻ󵱿һס
˿뿪壬̾ͻһɫĹâʼڸٵת
˿Χ̫תһεϣΧ
޾ķ͹¹˿֮ϣ̾Ͳ˻ѧЧӦ
ֻ˿ߺǣһ˳̵ۿϵĹâͰȥˡ
ôһ㹦ҲǸ̫ȡʱ䣬˿߱ٻһ˲䣬̫ǿάȣ뵽˸ߵʱ֮С
Ϊķĸƾķۣ̫һάǿڱԭȴ޷Ԥһάȡ
Ƿĸ̾һһ̫ˣǸԼºˣԼҪ̫һʱˡ
ڷĸ̾ʱͻȻ֮޾ķʼɿˣȵٷӦʱѾ»ص֮С
ĸ۾̫ʧķҲ¶һ˿΢Ц
޳ɽ𵤣Ѿʱ䣬һֱһ޷һֱûгɾ͵ɡ
һ̫ȻˣǸղŷĸɹʱ򣬽ķۣѾ̫ľ翴һ
ϲʱ̫ʱάҲĸڵС
ξĸģֻҪԼǱһʱ䣬ܹɾ͵ɣʽ뷲
ĸվһԼ·Ȼ׼һ򣬷ɿȥ
˵̫Σ³ֵʱѾ˾Ǹ
̫ոյĳ֣Ա̾һ˵϶һôûаǸĸˡ
̫е֣ܴһ£Ȼһһ˵ĵط˵ǷĸЩͣȻܹƾԸģһҿӵÿ죬ĻĿ³Ե
δˣoıֲǲ֪Ȼûǰ׼
һЩ׼ģֻû뵽λȻһЩصĹڱҵı޷ʩչ
Ǹе˶ԷĽͣĬһ£˺һ˵Ƿĸͨ˽ģȻܹoȫԸoûԵģһԣ¾ɲ
һؿЩһһֻԸ֧ŵoͲܵеùҵ֮
˵ǾӦϵһ񣬶úͷĸϵǳ÷ĸʱĻ
̫еɫЩÿˡ
Ϊʥ磬ͨ˱ǿ׳
ÿһγ͢棬˸ʿǰͥ
ЩҲǵ֮ЩȻͨ󣬵ǻûзı¡
ϸɵǰ˻ǿһƽ⣬˭Ҳ޷ȡþԵơ
£һôӽԺ´¾ҪЩɵƿأȫС
Ҳô롣
ΪǹھĲͬҲԽԽо
Ҫ˵ûгɾ͵ǰǽ𵤸ˣҲܱһͨĸ޳ڵ˸ʰˡ
ڳɾ͵֮ûֶΣǽ𵤵ͨٹҲ޷͵࿹⡣
ɾ͵֮󣬶һɸӵǾηмӣΪѾоݣȻֻǿһͱƣ֮ιȫǵ
һͷɣƿصĹȫͲЩȿġ
ЩһָоֻҪǳɾɣѾһηԾĿԽ˵ѾˣѾ޷˵˼άڿˡ


315 ɳ
еĬһȻ̾һ̫˵Ƿĸ㲻ҪٹˣȻа취ʵҪάֳ͢ȶɸЩпɳ֮
̫֮˵ͷֽʵǱôˣ
ȻǽɽţҼǰȥݷö˴֮⣬Ҳ֪Ƿʲô飬Ȼ
ûɵĻôҿһ޷ѹסĴɡ
⵹̫ԷƱʵȻͨ󣬵Щ֮УһûϹѹ
Щѹĸɵĵ̣ȻһĶ֣Ҳ޷мܡ
㲻صģһЩģ˼
̫֮˵ͷȻҲתһʧ
ȵ̫ȫûӰ֮ڰ֮вŲһŲɢȥڵһ
վڵأԼĺһȻ¶һ˿΢ЦȻŶϷĵͷ
˵̵飬˵뿪˴ӪڸһƥȻ֣ʼĴϹתơ
ҲҪɢɢģеĻ
ԼԳ͢˵ģΰų͢Ĵæ
ǳ͢ôԼأȻΪ˵ΪвҪԼҪ˵ǲܵġ
ڳ͢ƴ뱨Ҳûطȥֻǿȵ˵
̵ʵǲҲ׼ϾͻȥˣҪ⸽תһת
һ߾ʮգȵһͣ½Ų񸽽˼Ҵʲôطʱ򣬲֪ԼѾ㽭𻪡
Ȼ˽𻪣ǾͿһ𻪵ķɣ˳ŵ·ȥ
·;Ϥ߲·ȵڷֵʱɫѾˡ
Ҫ˵ƾı£ǳֽӻǻˣܹܿҵĿջ
ԻһƥأƥҲһʱˣҪǾôڻĽҰ⣬ҲΪ޵ʳֻǣңû¶޵ĵط
û˶೤ʱ䣬ͿһСɽİɽķݣһǴϲеطסˡ
ϽһޣСǸطȥˡ
ȵ˽ǰʱŷⲢʲô䣬һӴȺ
ɽŵϷ֣¡
㿴־ЩϤվϸһ룬͵һԴ
Сٻĵط
ĪԼôãܹһǳѾΪϱ׼Сٻ
뵽֮һЦȻǣɽš
滹ͦҲͦװ޵ҲͦáûˣϵĲݳö˸ˣһǺܳʱûˡ
ԺﶫߵɮеᣬšҲûȥûˣݶôˡ
ΨһСķӣµģ϶סġ
ֻĵطǷӲСˣ֪䷿סġ
ٿĶ棬ﳤһһԵӣ̨滹һˮأ滹Ұɻ
㿴羰ҲǺϲϲġ
Ժйʱһ߽Ժ
´һ½ˣ˴ĻװӦһˡ
Ķ˼Ժе㣬һ£Ȼϵ¿˩ɽʯ׮ϣ½㽨
λ֪пסҴͷһ¡
Ц˵ҺһҲߵԶˣûס޵ĵط
ָһŵķ˵ҿû˺УӦסޡ
Ǹ˵ͷȻһι֡
ɳ֪γƺ
˶Է֣üͷһ¡
ôɰɣôùɣԼתһתȻһ
ѵ֮һѣɽ滹һɽ
뵽Ҳٹעɳǰ۾ŵ֮ȻһдеĴ
ɳ㲻شԼҲŭЦ˵ǿʲôô񣿡
ʱѹԼЩˣ˵ûʲôֻǾЩɭ
ǷҵʥأȻѾķˣһħǲҵġ
˵ʱһˣ˽
˼ɳ۹⿴üǲǽӴһ
ɳǺúýѵģҲæǰȥһȻ֡
ȻɳǿŶԷЦҲʧҲҽܡ
࣬ϼ
ɳĴ磬ǾʵҲμѧʹٵţ
ѧʹ٣ǹٸһٷǵʱĽԵԱһм顣ÿ궼У൱ǵ鳵
еʱҪܼ顣ϸģ㻹ţõΣ̭
ΪʱķǵúܹҲһʲôĻǷ۱ƽʱüൺغγУÿһ죬۱ȶ߳öࡣ
ɳ֮ʣΪ⸽Ŀ
ҲǸţҵԭ·˵ڴסգ
վڲԶĵȻ죬üͷһ¡
ϼͷ˵ģÿһִ˶֪ٻŮĻꡣ
ǰλϼͺеĲһ
ǵӰеϼǱͷۣһӡ
ǰأȻͲ࣬ȴһ˹ĵĴ磬ʲôطһнڵĶˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
뵽֮̽һ̽ԱϼʵǲǵӰеǸ
ۣվϼչȥ
ʱǰϼѪڣѪ֮Уһڲͣ˸һͲǺġ
վɳϼҲоĿ⣬תͷ˵㣬ȻʵλҲнޡ
شԱߵɳɾѸղŴһһʮغϼ˵һ顣
ϼ֮󣬺´һ㣬Ȼ΢΢ĵͷͲˡ
һϼԳȥ¾ˣΪɣҪطϢ
ɳȻǲֹϼǸķſڣóԿ׿ţȥ֮󣬹ؽš
ɳתصԱ˵ҲҸϢɡ
˵ͷȻɳζ˵ҿûǸϼԱҼӰɡ
ɳԸͿˬûζ
⼸תһȦһǲķ䡣
Ū㵾͵Ū˵ľϣӡסسʡס޷ˣ˳žסˡ
ɳɲȥس֮кЩ䣬һʵѾסˣ﷿ǮʵǹЩ᲻á


316 Сٻ
ɳȥʰ֮ҲڲԶһ䡣
棬ҲǱЩ˵Ͼ͵Ǵˡ
ʰ귿֮һ£ǰԼƥҲǣ˷
⵹ǣסһʵΪ֪طħ־ۼĳ
ҪڷߣµڶϾͳ˹ͷˡ
ʰ֮ϥڲϿʼϵС
ҹ˾ʱͻȻڱǽ˵
оˣЩħˡ
㲢ûżĳȥħΪѾҪһϷ
ûгȥɳǱȴһˡ
ԭɳһֱû˯š
˶һµطʾĶʣ˷ܣ˯
˯ţڴԼӱȻ˵Ů˵ӱ档
ˣʱˣûˣʱͻȻֳˡҲ˯ţ߳ţǽ£͸ʯǱ͵
ǽǱиСԺӣиʮĸˣһ̫̫һ·ŸΣű̬ӵģˡ졣
˵͵ˣɳһˬˣ͵ΪǲϹʵġȻҲǹģɶ
ĸ˵Сٻôôʱˡ
̫̫ش˵Ӧÿˡ˳ٵˡ
˵ǲǶԹ
̫̫ش𣺡û˵Ȼû˵ɿе㲻ʹ졣
㿴СٻǸǸˣϲŭԱҲ쵼ֲôְַֻʽɡ
˵ѾͷŲǸദˡ
ƺһӡһѣһ裬һŮ
ƺ񣬿˵˼ְһһܣһԱ⹫˾žˡ
˻û˵꣬һʮ߰СƯ
ȻǴɳĽǶȣÿŮĶǲһġΪԶ˸ģӣôӡ
̫̫СˣЦˣ˵ﲻ˵˰˵㣬ˡû˵㻵
еʵ︾ŮǱ˦лϲһױһסʵﴫ࣬׵ĸһƵģ۲ۡ
̫̫˵С㳤ƯһҲǸ̫̫ҪеģҲԣҲñ㹴˻ꡣ
еԱñԱⷽسԱúù
СЩش˵Ҳ˵˭˵Һء
Ÿ˸С˵˵ʲôɳˡ仰Ҳɳ͵ġŲţˡ
ɳ͵˼䣬ԼΪãҲͻԼˡʱҲΪųġڿˣҲͻȥˡ
ɳ뿪̫̫֮ЦŶС˵֣Ȼˣһһǵʿ
Ǹ˵ãǼûгԱˣСٻҲˡ
˵֮󣬾ͰĿ⿴ǽСٻġ
Сٻ¶˲ԸɫǸϬǲԾĵ˵ͷ
̫̫СٻӦˣæԲ
ˣһЩʲôСٻȥæɡ
Сٻ˵ͷƮȻȥ
ȵСٻˣǸ˲̧ͷ̫̫˵ŵѾͷѾͷϹ˳ʵ˼ء
һС̳ѵܷɵȥ
̫̫˵仰ǲЩ飬ЦŶǸ˵ǻȥųʳɣ⼸ǿԱһˡ
Ƿ˼̫̫Ը̸ЩҲͲЦŹά̫̫䣬˾ʧԺǽ⡣
˵СٻƮȻԺӵУ򼸼䷿ӿ˿
мȻϼľ
ɲǣҲʮֵļɵ˲ڲ˵֮ϡ
±߾ǽˡ
Ǹʿסĵط
ȻСٻУǸʿûʲôصĵطӦþǸͨˣǲ֪ôģһӽǸ䣬Сٻ͸оľвõ鷢
ȻǺ£СٻҲʹˣȷŹʿ
СٻͰĿתһͷϣҲ㵹ùôѾѳһ٣ȻĻԼҲûùӳԡ
˵ɳڰҹһ󣬻صϵʱǸоһЩƣ
Ҫ˯ŵʱ򣬾˽ˡǰ˵ˣʱ򣬳ϼסӣӶš
ԺУϼ֮ˡ
˯ҲûϾһʼˣԺûˡ
˵һİĻ˯ðŶϵ㡣ҳžοɣҲ֪ɳôô
ŹزϣоŽˣɳϽˡȻûʲôֵǮĶɰҹ˲ι˯Ҳаο֪ʲô
ɳĺĻǺصģղҪ˯˵Ҫȥ⵽ˣˡ
һһЩϲǸղ͵ǸƯС޾Ǹ
ܾȣʣ˭ʲô
ôʣЦˣҲôʣϰˣ˵ҹģҲ˯ţһ°ɡ
仰Ϲģ˼СٻŹ㣬˵ôֱףŵ˼
ɳڼʱ򣬿ǵ˵ƽ޶ɫ
˵⸽أҪǰŮսԺ󴫳ȥͻ
ɳ˵ҪСıۣ˵л²£Ǻ±˵ġһ֪ˣûˡ
ɳǸôˣʵͦ۵ģÿԼ˵ߣԵԼģԼķʽˣڲ˺˵£Լø˵㣬ûʲôԵġ
˵ɣ˵ҹģ֪ġ
ɳһﲻߣɣֺߣˡ
˵ʲôҲߣ˵ʲôҶл˵
ɳˣ˵߲ߣٲߣҺˣסء
ɳô˵ˡٸɳŤͷˡ߳ȥֻˡ
汻ˣڰҪɵˡ
Сٻ֮óһӷɳıϡ
ûȹأɳͰѽԺȥˡŽӱȹȳš
ɳ˵ֲ֮ƣ·ǮҵĶ˵·ǮҲҪ
Ǯɫ˵͸ˡһˣֵܵסǮջ治סҹƣǵֵסȻҲûǮջҡ
ɳô˵ܲȥѽʰԼ˵ʯĳ𣿡
˵ʱλСٻҲɳ˾֮ġ


317 Ƕ
ڶϣȻ˯٣ȴһϷҲһˡ
ó˴ӵĸĵڡ
緹֮žͿϼķȻǽţҡҡͷٹܣɳһߡ
˰Ҳû˿ֻס
ɳû˯ãӦڿʱ˯죬ҲͲٴˣ˭˼̫أ
ȵ͵ʱɳ˴ȻҲǳ˵㶫ͳұ졣
ǸϼǲȺһȻǹţûа취ĽҰҪû˵˵ǾƵûţɳȥˡ
ɳӡǲġ
ڿʱûɳʲôͣǾʵʵڵ飬֪һԽǮɫջʱܹرǶôѡ
Ͳ˵ôһ󶧻ƽˣ˵Сٻ˲˵ǹƯǸ˾ûвĵġ
ɳȻܹܾǮɫջ󣬿ɼǸеߵˣܽѵġ
˾Ժ￪ʼ
ִģֵ֪ʶûж೤򣬾Ͱɳ٩ˡ
˵˰ʱɳѾ㵱½ѣͬʱҲĲѧѡ
ȵ˿Ҫƻʱ򣬱ɳ׼һԸҲһ¸顣
Ǿʱˡ
ɳվԺ￴ŽˣЩͷԡ
ԭһһͣĶӦǮ˼ңôҲĽҰСסˡ
ǽ˷СоȻסϾ¶һ˿ϲɫܿڹȥ
һ˶ķߵɳǰǹ˹֡
˾ͻͨʶˡ
һ˽⣬֪ϪһμĻ
ǰ˵ˣѧʹ١
һǮˣءסڶߵķˡʱ𻪳סȷʵţǮ˶סˡ
ɳȻϪ˴к˼ֻļ͹Ųˣû
Ҳ֮еģȻĲһʿ˼ѧҲûбҪʲô
ɳ͸˵ˣһǼͥãһǮ˺˽Ҳûʲôô
²ûӰɳ˵飬˰ѸԵĸһִߵǸСЩˮòˣôϥԺԺһ١
һҲ˵ĸ顣
˾͸ԻطϢȥˡ
Ϫסڶݣסһϣˡ
Ҳ֪ôģɳڶ鿴ʱ򣬾͹⿴ʬиС۶׶һѪ
е㳣ʶĶ֪ǸطӿȪѨǡУ޼ĽѾӣӿȪѨʹЦֹ⴫ҲУչȥٵҪţӿȪѨţȶָ
ϪûЦֱӾӿȪˣĴ˿ھҲ֪˭ŪġôϡͿˡ
ɳѾЩв֪ˣϾĴ¡
ȴüͷΪȻûעһߣϾǸ޵֮ˣоǳ
ûиоκεĲһĵط
ɳɻ࿴˿Ȼһǽǵˡ
ϣ㷢ʲôûУ
Ǹ˺Ѿɵˣֻ֪ҡͷҲ֪ػˣûˡ
һ룬黹ϼɣô˼Ҳһʱסôʱ䣬Ӧ֪ԭġ
ʵڣ㲻ʣѾЩˣӦǸСٻջˡ
ϧϪûɳᶨ־˶֡
ɳ˳˷ϼſڣȴĴѾѾȥˡ
һ˻ҡҡͷûа취ˣֻȰŴʬˡ
Ͼ˭ҲԸԼķסһʬ壬ǲҲӦ
һɳ˰ǸˣǸϪʬ̧˳ȥԶһСʱͣš
ȵǰһʱѾɫˣʱϼķȻǴŽҲ֪ϼʲôȥˣǴڷһ첻ţһûӰ
ɳڸ֮ȻǻԼ˯ȥˡ
㱾Ҳطģһ룬Ϫ˵˻ڷأһҪǽǸСٻҪûʲôŷĻҲû
žһʤ߼˼ֻصǸ˵ķ
һţͿǸǸϪİҷء
ͻȻһЩεĴӰջص֣ȻЦŰֱ˱
ʲô¶𣿡
üͷ˿ĵЦݣЩþ
˸˾Ϳʼ˵İˣӦǲ׼ٻȥˣҪ˵Ǯ˽ѽ
ˣҲ˵ϵΣ£ͻȥˡ
Ǹ˼ˣһϽİ¹ϣȻַȥˡ
ڶϵʱɳԱߵķﵽڶû졣
һ֪ЩˣǸӦŮСٻĵˡ
ˣһɳ˵ЩԾȥٷһ
˵֮˾Ǹ˵ķǰʹģŶû죬㲻ͷˣһžͰ߿
˽һǸҲ˵ݶϣһ
㿴üͷ
СٻҲƲѽ
Ȼ˵Ͷˣﲻôࡣǻ˵ˣɫͽǮʱĸܹѳֵס
Сٻ֣ôǵִ
СٻӦǲֹһˡ
뵽ʱоЩŭԭȶСٻĸ뷨ȫĴˡ
վһԵɳʬͷҲǵֱӾȥ̧סǸ˵ͷȻ˵æ̧ǸСȥ
㿴ɵ󵨶Ҳ֪˵ʲôˣ¡ӦŵûȻЩôģǱӳС
ɳվﲻҲЩżʬҪһֱԺ붼Щ
ˣϽְɡ
ҡҡͷûа취ˣȥ̧˵ĽţɳˣֽҲ͵ǸС
һ¿ɺˣͶԲһˡ
ɳʰʬ»صСԺʱſھȻϼ
һ¿ϡˣԴɳסСԺ֮ǵڶμϼҲ֪һʲôôء


318 ¶
ɳϼƽǣ֪ϼ첻Ժ֪Ѿˡ
ɳϽȥϼ֣Ժ﷢һһʮ˵һ顣
ɳҲС£ܺܵĸϼԼţʱӶϼ˵ˡ
ϼˣ˵ǹɵİɡ
ɳϼô˵Ҳû£ƽʱǸֱУҲ⵱¡
վһԿɳںӣǲϼ˵ģɳֱУ޲ߣţй
ͦɳԺ˶ˣҲ֪ǹɱģһҲ¡
ܶණ侳᲻ֿ־ģҲֱҹȥʲôҽԺ֮ġ֪ûʲô࣬Ȼµľս
ϼɳˣϵʱؽţ˭ҲҪ
˵⼸仰֮ϼûһԼȥˡ
ҡҡͷҲٸԤˣϷģֻҪǲ棬ôҲûʲôϵ
ڵֳˣҹǹɳˡ
ɳס죬ǵˡһûͬ⣬ڶϪˣûˣǵ졣
عûɳֱӾ˵Ҽôˣûһġ
˵ʱ򣬿ɳӣ۾Ľ
ûǸʥ֮˰Ҳ۸㡣
ô˵Ҳﾴ˼ɳһҪɱһˣǿ϶еǰ취
ɳ˵Щ˼ˣеֲЦˣ˼ҶѾ˵Ʒˣô˼˼ߡ
Ǹ￴ɳûиԼߣ۾һ˿թ
˵Сٻʮʱˣµıϣû뵽ǸģûǾ;۸ңȥЩ¼顣û취Ϊ˻ֻ˳ǣʵڲԸɵġ
ɳﻹЩţôһˣôǺ˵Ķ
һ仰ŵùǺ
ûпɱˣҪҹɱ㡣
ɳô˵ֱҲûãǿŲ˻ˡɳˣйˣҲ֪˵塣
ҪҸôأǴˣҪһ˵ĵһӦܡ
˵ȥϼסһݣûˡҲǲԣҹͰҹˣת˲ˣ
ɳСٻô˵ЩӦˣʣ˵ûɱˣôȥɱǸϼأ˵ˣԱ߻סһʿأѵˣ
Сٻ֮һЩ֣̿һŻش˵ϼˣǲҿ
Ǹʿأɲʲô˰ɣ
ʿ֪ôģѣͲҿķ䣬ҿûʲô£Ӧǻʲô
ǲ˵¶ˡ˼ԺеˣһбµģһбģЩңֻʣһǸˣ˭
ɳСٻĻƽһ£Ϊô֪Լ·Ҳ֪Ҳдµġ
ҪǸҪԼʵû취ԼһߵѣѵĿԼȥ
ѽһΣչȥ˾ͻġ
ⲻǣɳո֪ԼûΣգˡ
ûӦ㣬ҪǴӦˣôô˵ģ
СٻɳôʣЩʹ죬ɳǲֱѽѵ˵֪
ԼҪӵģҪɳɴֻǲ鲻ԸػشǸһģҾ͵׶ģˡ
ˣҾͰѪ߸ȣϲŮɫҾ͸ǮǶҲǽӣɲĹͷҪ̰ˣͷܽȡ˵ĸΡҾ취ˣⶼϲ
ɳСٻĻתһȦ˵һҿǳ˼ʶˣ֪˵ķԺɵСķ
ϾԼΣգǸѿɲСٻ秵ģӦһͻһ
ɳϽʵʲôʱҹҸϼ죬Ҳܳ춼סһ˼ҲͬⰡ
СٻƲɳһۣȻ˵ӦϾΪ֮
ϼ飬Сٻһ仰Ҳûᣬ˼ɳԼ취
Сٻ˵֮󣬿˿ߵɫ֪ѾˣǱŤŤҪš
ڳŵʱͻȻᣬȻɳһ򸣡
ӣܶܲǺˣһҡҪңҵĹͷŪŲĵطȥҾ찡
ɳСٻô˵붼ûʹӦˡ
ɳԸˬǰһҲ൱СٻһһһҲþ˼ҡ
ءҺȥķˡûбǰұٴˡ
Сٻش˵аиѻѣҾš˵⻰Сٻͳˣһţ˾ûˡ
ʵҲһ˵ɳ᲻Ҳû׼£ϾСٻ̫ˣͳɳһһģ˭֪᲻нء
СٻҲҽһҪܹɹأ
Сٻ֮ɳһû˯ãϾ˭Ҫ֪иԼ˭ҲûȻ˯
ڶϣոһɳͳϼĴˡ
ҲǱɳѵģһֻɳſϼĴſڲͣء
ôˣϵġ
ɳһ㣬æȥӵ˵й֪֪
ϿһϵϷ԰ɳСٻǷͿһ
Ȼװ֪ӣĿɳȻʵô֪ģ˯Ϳˣ˼ɡ
ɳӲװģѵСٻԼ˵ĻЩʵ
Ҳ˲ЩˣȱסҪɳ˵ҵĵʲôʱһҺ˼룬Ͽȥϼһܰɡ
˵֮ɳͲ߶ʮһϼķſڣſʼš
ϼӦǱɳֵʵܲˣſţһվɳֻʵʲôġ
ɳȻǲܺϼ˵뵽һϣЦ˵ⲻѾʶźôҲˣһ١
˵֮ɳֱӼϼķ䡣
ϼɳʵûа취ҲҲǣ
˺ðϼҲʲôҲƣֻǿЦ»ص


319 ɽ
ɳϼķ䣬ڴϾҲȥˡ
˾һﻥ࿴ţоЩΡ
˵ˡ
һʣҳԶپƣһ¸顣
ɳԱأĻĵͷ
㿴ϼûʲôԵæվصԼУԼ׼һЩƲ˳
һڿһС̣ߣǣİʱ׼һЩСˣʲôطˣҲܹϢһ¡
ûжĹͱһѾƲ»صϼķ
ɳӵˣæվʰӰھƲˡ
ھƲ˰ں֮ɳڵϼϯ
ϼɳֵʵûа취ֻǿԱߡ
˾ͿʼƱյջ㲻ΪڴϼܿҲͷſˡ
ɳһߺһ߿ϼΪСٻ˵Ǹˣ뿴˺Լʲô𡣵ȻҲû
ȴɳһķ֮Уоϼһɽֱ͸
ֲЩֲҿϼأƾЩûأǿ¾ͻˡ
һȾͺһ죬ʵҲûȶ٣Ҳһ«ƣȻǺ«Ƚϴ󣬵˵ܿûˡ
˺˺ɳӲ˼ϼﲻߡ
ϼȻ˵һͣǺƤҲȽϱӲûи
ۿɫͰϼһܹλүˡ
ǽλϼЩĿࡣ
֣һʣߣ̸һҹ
ɳôҪĻϼ϶ǲͬ⣬ӦҲ֪ʲôˣ˯һ϶ŤҲ̲סˣһοھܾ
Թ񱣬ϲһ˯ҿɫˣλǸԻȥЪɡ
ɳôܹ뿪أҪ֪ҹ滹Ҫ鷳أװźӣҡҡλεĳݡ
ϼոһΪɳҪЩʱ򣬾ͼԼı»ص
ɳһϼķֱӾ͵Ĵ֮󣬾ͼװס
ϼһҲû취ˣϾ׺˼һ죬˼̰ҲɳˣԼıŲŲڳ˯ĵطĬˡ
ȵٺɳ֮ϼתͷ˿㡣
Ҳˣطʵûط˯ˣҪ̣
ЦЦûҪƶǻȥ˯Լİɡ
˵֮Цת뿪ˡ
ϼ뿪ıӰ΢΢ĵ˵ͷʿ޿ֵӣӦҲЩµġ
ڴװ˯ɳӵˣһż
ⶼʲôʱ˻棬һҪǽǸҹ濴Լ˯Ͽߣûзԣȥô죿
Ȼɳס㣬װ˯أҪͻȻˣϼﲻýֻ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ뿪
ȵˣϼŹؽţ˴߶Ŵװ˯ɳ˵֪ǴɷƷܺáҲǲһ˯ֻҵһССĿԣ˵Ҫ˯û£һ£ҵӣҪǲҵģˣá
ʱɳҲ˲װ˯˸Ͻַ֤ģȻţҲǶʥģȻ֪ӵĵ
ϼ˵ͷû˵ʲôתȥԼӷڴ̨ϡ
Ȼ˯ˣһ˯ŲҪһ
ɳͱŵ˯ţؾ͸˯ˡ
ɳ˯˻ûʲôžҪ˼룬Ϊ֮ǰϼ˵˲ܶӣɳ۾Ͷӣèץһ
ʵҪ˵Ҳע⣬˵ˣеʾˣԽ˵Խע⣬Խ档
ɳ˻ЩȻӦϼǸӣȻǺޱȣȻûж
쵽һʱһߵ㵽ŵ㡣ҲպڡΪǰ˵ˣԺӵĳ￪źɻ϶졣ڵ
ʱ򣬴⿴ӰһͿ͵۾һһġ
ɳܺ¡ٿˬҲˡСٻ˵ҹˣ˭¡
ĺӰСٻ˵ҹ棬ԼˡҪϼʵҲǺģٽ˶ˡȻϼˣ˯ˡ
ҪûȻͿϼڴ̨ϵˣжɳ
ⶫҫۣǺȻ磬һ׹⣬ֱӾͰѴϵʯˡһ£׹ֻˡһ£ˡ
һ£ϼˡ
ɳϼ˵ֱ۵һ£ɵװ˯
ϼԼӣóգ·ǿӣȻñš
ɳװ˯ʵ͵ͿⶫҲͶһָͷࡣ²Ҷô
ϼˣˣöˣԼӳƵˣղűһ׹Ūˡ
ϼһ߷һ߶˵ʲô֣Ǵ󵨣ӶŪˡ
Ƶӣ˵˯ˡ
ϼǼˣһۣû¡
ûһ£Ա˯ŵɳȴʵǱĥ̲סˡ
ɳװ˯ˣͰϼҲˣȻͰѸղԼ˵һ飬ϼ⵽ô£
ɳ˵֮󣬾۾ϼõ𰸡
˶ˣɳѾѹ̿Ĳˣϼ͸˵ȻʣҾ͸ɣǸ͡ղ㿴ˣҪǴжţǸӦõʱˡˣûҲˡ
ɳʣʲôô
ϼش˵ǽղţ
ɳͶĶĲˣץסʵܲܿôĶôҲûóҿ۰ɡ
˵仰ʱɳǳ
һϼǳĿûٵѣִǶóһһش򿪸һС
ʵˣɳϲϼˡ˭һʶˣԼкôģѧϰܶණ˭ˡ
ȴûз֣ǰСʱ򣬾һĿ⴩͸˼ǰС֮ϡ
ԭڽϵһУ㶼ǿرǰСʣħʱ
ڶϼǰСǷǳĹעҪ֪Сɲԭʩչ˷ɽնаȷ֮󣬲ܹʹ
һԶķ
ҪԼСĶôԺԼɽܾܸһ
뵽ʱ۾ʼĥŽôϼý飬Ȼаܷ׳
Ҫ˵ʲôãھǶЩط֮ĶûκεĵǰʱΪطİ̵Сڲ֪᲻ǳ鷳


320 
ڶһľˣϼķſڣϼĴϹȻһ󶴡
üлⶴзɳĵҪϮԼԼô
㲻òóһۣϼķɽҪϮԼĻԼûʲôð취
ڻֶΣ󲿷ֶڷַǶûʲôõİ취Ը
뵽ʱбһΪԼѾһˣû뵽һССĽͣԼΣ
ʵ˵ҪϼĶݵĻ涯ֵĻƾԼ׵ȸ׷治һܹϼ
ĽǷɽʱҲк³ģ˵Ǹܾˡ
Ҫ˫棬ʩչԵУôʮİܹȡϼ
Ҳҵרڽսȷʵкܴ©
ҲԼ㣬ԽҪϼԼϡ
ڷǰ˼ǵʱϼķͻȻˣɳĸߵ˳
һڷſڿǸ͸ϽЦ˵ôɡҸϿء
ɳͰϷ飬һһʮ˵һ顣
˵֮ɳ̾ء
ұΪûй֣û뵽ǳ˼ʶˡ
ûɳ˵һǰ˼˴ǰüͷ˿ԭһ̯Ѫ
㿴ѪɫЩÿ
ֿ֮ġ
뵽º󣬿˿деģһô
˼ʱϼĵʵʲô𣿡
֪ϼĿЩ£ҲǸ
вԱУҵȺαزġ
ϼ˵֮󣬾µĺԱߵɳʼ˵Цϡ
ȵǸù緹֮ɳµı棬һѷأȻһðиѻѡ
Ȼҵ˵ط͸ɸøɵ£ѷˣѹͷڳװá
ڵɳŶǸ޵ŮѾû˼ˣǾϼ˵Ҫȥˡ
ϼҲǺɳѣЩᡣ
Լķó˾Ʋˣ˵ҪɳС
ɳȻ߲ܣû緹أҲͺպһ١
ȵ緹֮ɳҪˣϼŴԼǸȡһƤӣõɳǰ
ǽ͸ɡţħֵľͶԶԶˡ
ɳӹƤӣȻЩˣ˵ԼѵͲܸϼѧЩ¡
ܸܲѧ㽣зҲԼᡣ
ϼЦҡҡͷƷиֱ˵ǿѧġǸˣǴ˵ˣǻȥŬѧϰ֮ڹٳɡ
ɳϼĻ۾һȻϾֳ㽣ҲͶѧ鲻˵ʲôˡ
ɳ˵ʲôȴԱ߿ˡ
֣ĽͣҲǴ˵еĸˣ֪ܷŻ֮˽ҡ
˵ͣһ£Ȼ󲹳ֻԣеһҿȻȴû֮˫޵ܷԸҶڣҲġ
ϼĻ¶˲á
Сܣôܽ˵ķۣ²Ҫ˵ˡ
üͷһ壬ɫЩ
ϼĽӦ̥ڽ֮СʱͿʼǽеӣôǰôܹ
֣ҪɲŻ֮
˵ʹӻȡһ飬ݵϼǰ
ϼûнӹֻ۾һɨⱾƤдšּ֡
֣ܷƾ˷Уֱ֮ⱾֵĽӦǲġ
˵ʱѾʼĬĬӡֻҪϼͬ⣬ܷ
ϼĶ۾ҲŭɫͬʱҲʼǹԵľӡ
ɳҲյĲԾϽм䣬ȻԲ˵λôˣҶѣûбҪ֮
˵仰ɳֺ˵Цһҹ۵ҲǸˣûбҪɣһҾȥˡ
ɳУ˶ԼĲ
Ҳǳ飬ɳֻǼ档
ɳϼҲǹĽ飬ڸȻġ
˵ͷû˵ʲôת뿪ˡ
ϼıӰüͷ壬ͬʱҲоһΣ
Ͽûʲô£ǲ֪ôţԼܸоһвƮ
ɳıӰֹ˵ʿ̫ΪˣһҲ˼ҵĸܡ
ϼԱ仰ҲЩգ֪ԼͲʾˣԼ鷳
»Щ鷳㻹ǸϿ뿪ĺá
ɳ˵ͷȻʵ֣ʲôΣհɣ
ǺǣȻţƾ⻳еı̶ѨҲҴһ
˵ʱϼʮֵ԰
ɳһ˵ĻôԲȻͷȻͱŶҪ뿪
ɳո߳£ڰ·㡣
ɳڶøйٷ180ȴ仯Ͳ˾Աƹȥ
ȴס
֣ߣһлҪ˵
ɳòվסŲȻޱʵʲôҪ˵𣿡
㿴ɳǸҡҡͷ˵ҿ㱳࣬Ҹط˰ɡ
ɳһ⻰Ͼ¶˲֮ɫ
˵ʲôѵһǷ಻ɣ
ҡҡͷȻ˵֣Ǵ촰˵㱳ǾߺԹǺ˲ˡȥȻܹ㣬Ǻ£ȴҪˡҪ֮ǲҪΪǰһʱã˴õǰ̡
ɳҲ˵ʲôˣתȥԶȥ
㿴ɳ뿪Ҳ粻
Ϊľǹﺦˡ
СٻǷļɻ䡣
СٻϿǶʹòΪЧ
ôСٻ˶ˣЩҲǻ̰֮ģҪûСٻǰȥǣҲֻͨͨˣȻڸߡ
ôأЩ˶磬˼е޶ڿǹ
Ҫ˵Сٻûǵһŵġ
㱾Ҫ׷ȥ˼ͣΪڸӹϼǷɽ֮
ˣʱŹǸСȵԼóԸٻȥʰе


321 
֮»صУʰԼңȻǣƥ뿪ˡ
ϼվµһ̨ϣ뿪üͷ塣
ʿԼĽھȻô׵ľ뿪ˣһı⼸ԼСķʿĹơ
˵뿪֮󣬻УûԶߣһȦ¸һСɽ֮ϡ
㽫ƥ˩һᲱ£ԼȴվСɽߴ¡
׼ָϼһ֪֪ߵغ
ʱĻлͣĻϾȥү
ϥɽͷ֮ϣʼ̫ҽּ
Ҫ˵ڵ㹦ڵҲԽԽǿʢҪǰȥһĹܽԲʥ̥
Ҫ˵УȷʵǶʱǳĲУϿʼУȵչʱɫѾˡ
վϵĳȻӻȡֽӡ
һҲûϽΣֻڽģ̾Թӽð˳
ЩԹһĽӺǷǳ˷ƵģڽӸѡ
㿴ЩʽԹ΢΢һЦȻµķһָ
ЩԹ̾ˣ˼̾ͻһȥ
Թ̾Ͳһˡ
Щʽ޶ѾɿߣҲſڲݴ֮УκεС
ºߵдеĴЩԹ֮ҲʼҲЩԹĵ
ϼʱڷһƣ֮¿һ֪Сӡ
ͻȻ֮䣬ӳ鶯£͵վƿԺӵС
ȵԺУһһĳԾ
ԭԶһɺƮ֮УԹ˺ҧ
ϼ֪ãҲûȾˣֱӾʹطнԼǸľϡ
ôһĹЩѾЮԹ䵽µϿգȻ͵һ֣¾ͱưסˡ
һѾ˹Թ
ϼŷЩԹѾȥЩȻҪһĻҪһһȺЩҪ˴ʧˡ
Ϊǿһ֣ĻЩԹȺҪЩ
뵽ʱϼԼϵľһĨ
ϼĶľ֮̾ͷɳһ⣬⺮ո뿪ľͻ磬ֱ⡣
һԹϼſھú⺮ײڵһ
ֻԹӦûоͱƬ֮ʧ˿С
ǺͿʼԺرۣÿһηɳ۶ҪһֻԹ
ϼüͷԺĺֻǼֻ߰Թս׿
ϼȴûκεϲı飬ΪߵĹʵ̫ˡ
ҪߵЩֺ񲢲ƵģֻΪķ
ϼת˼ȦˣߵԹǸʿʹģԼĽ
ϼоͷǳŭСʿòʶôһʶû뵽ˣС
Ȼͺ㶷һķǿҵĽ
۳ϼһкһ͵ľʹܳ⣬ڰ׷Թķɽһ˳ݣ̾͵ɻʼΧϼ
ЩԹֻҪһϼǷɽữ⣬ײȥ
ϼɨһۣȻ׼ԭססķ䣬͹ȥˡ
˷ſֱŶ롣
ϼڷɨһۣȻ˯ǲݶԡ
ڿһ̣ץסʲôȻͽַԼı¡
ϼǿ׶˶ʲôζ֮һ̯һġ
ϼץŵ֮ڱ֮һ
ϼǱ˼Ȼ͵һס
ǰС뿪ϼӣһµϿգ֮һȦ׼˷ֱԶһСɽȥ
ʱ㣬ֽԱߣԶ¹񺿡
ǺǣǸϼӦ˰ɣŻһʱ䣬ϵʱȥ棬Ҫϼжĵӡ
¶ʱͻȻ֮зɹһ⡣
绹Ҫϼֻ֣գ۵Ĺԣֱͷ­
Ҫ˵һҲȷʵǴˣû뵽ϼȻôԶľ£ʹɽǰԼ
˵˷ɽʱܣѾЩˡ
ҺԱ߾ֽӣۿҪֽԱߵվŵǸͣ͵һˣ˰зķɽ
ͺͰеķɽײһôȻǹͱĻɢ
һҲǸȡʱ䣬ǹɢһ˲䣬ڵһȻȵٴվʱѾһֻͷΡ
Ѿ˲ˣ͵ľͽͷɽȥ
ͷθո뿪־ͻһŻ֮Я˺Ƿɽײڵһ
Ҫ˵ͷȷʵϵķǷɽȻײڷͷ֮ϣֻһĽײ֮ǻ˱㰲Ȼ£Ƿɽȴײʮɡ
ȴҲЩ鷳Ƿɽʮԣڷǻ֮Ҳٺǻ˽Ӵǻ⣬Χǻ˿ʼ
Ҫ˵ͷŻɵĻȷʵǷɽٶʵ̫죬ͷξȻٶȡ
˫ڰ֮׷ҸϣȻ˭Ҳκβ˭
濴ֱð亹
ⱦٶʵ̫ˣҪԼһʱûסһϾͻ
̾ʱеķɽͻȻĸоʲôһڣȻܿ˻ˡ
֮һڰлľͷȻĲ
ԭղǷɽڰкͻ˾ֻע⣬ȵһɣǷɽһΣֱȡͷ­
ҪĹͷ͵һʶеǷصķ䡣
͵ؾһҲʱǸɽ㣬Ѿɵĸ£ɽѾıĿ꣬˴Ĵȴ
ֻôһʹžһѪӿ
մѪķɽڰлһȦžһ뿪
ȵɽ뿪֮ķصͨ
ǻ˲ûлɷͷΣȻŻ㸽ط裬ڻһ
Ƿɽ뿪ˣҧҧ鿴Լơ
һʮֵŭΪĴѾһӣѪͣ
һĽҰˣ±ɡ
ҺΪǳټҲףҲ̫ġ


322 չͨ
ߵ뻪٢飬Ǳ򸮣ĸͶŮ⵶⵶飬𵶷ڣС𵶷Сڡͷһ⣬ǧ򵶿ߵѩɽѩѩһ˪ѩ˪ѩѩѩѩѩѩĸ˪ʹǧΪʹǧΪ񣬾ѩ˪ͭಢǣӽиǣ̫Ͼ
֣ԼĴ˴һĨ³ˣջѪֹ˿ڣȻһ㣬ѪҲû˿
㵽˳һͬʱоһҡΣԭСɵ˿ڷǳ޴󣬾ôһĹѾһ̯Ѫ
̾һȻЦһҿԼзȻĻһؿҪܴˡ
ӻһ;һСֽȻĴ߷ĸͷ
óеһͷȻ°ãԼĻС
ֻһͷһֻԼĻһС
̾ʹӻϷֳһŻ棬ŵǵͷϡ
ۿͷڻ֮л˻ҽſ
ͲǷǷͣ³аʦаͣͷñ£̤ЬյöаʦյϷʦյаʦյñħյаʦа̥ˡһ˻ҳ϶ǡǣ̫Ͼ
꣬Żҽ͵ɢȥ
˵еϼ
ղŽ֮ǷɽͻصУϼŷɽڱͷžŵѪζ
ζ֮УȴûκλǵӰӣֻǽԷˣûȡ
ϼ˼ʱԺߵħͻȻܵʲô̼Ȼ׼ϼķһӵ롣
ϼüͷȻһνԼԵľӴ򿪡
ľһ򿪣ЩӵĹ֣ʲôһȻҿ
ϼЦһȻһνеСɽ׳
һɽ뿪ϼģٶȸӵĿļֻ֣һգ۵Ĺ߰˸֡
ʣµħǷɽȻҿˣһ˳ӣϼõһʱ̵İ
ȵЩħ˳ȥ֮ϼһٻصķɽȻ׼һ͵һס
ɽһηɵ˰У֮׼㣬һλ磬ֱȥ
һϼûиɵǷɽϥڵϣı۾
۾ıϼһ˲ԾǷɽ֮ϣȻԦŷɽֱ㡣
ϼԦŷɽոշɵ·ϵʱ򣬾͸оһĻջǡ
ڵϼҲԦסɽͷɽ뿪Լ塣
ϼһص壬͸оһаӿȪѨֱš
һ»ʲô˵ģһǸʿʹа
ϼһͣҪ˵ʹɽмңҪƽЩаȴЩС
ЩͣҲЩ취Щаġ
ֻϼǿ۾ڵܵŰһС
ǰѷɽϼС
ֻϼ͵ſ죬ͽɽ̵Լ
Ƿɽһϼ֮Уͻˮһڻ˿ʼϼĴӿ
ɽɵˮ֮˵һ㡣
ֻʱģˮһаڿǽ֮
ϼôһӵʱ䣬ǹľķɽҲ޷ڱˣòſǰһ硣
žһڷɳ˶ǽϡ
ڵϼѾɫŤͣĲ϶ž޴ĥ
ϼҲӲܵôʹ࣬Ȼûнг
ʱԶɹһĵµԺеʱ⻯һ񽫡
ϼ۾ߵĽ񽫣ҧгݵĴӿ˼̡֣
ԭϼһ۾Ϳˣǰ̵ֽܷ
ԺӵУЩԹ̾͸óһͨ
һһȵģϼڵȥ
ȵſûнݣվڷϼ˵˻
ôڸ˵Ľ˰ɣ
̵ϣ̰ͼɵܷѵͲҼɽ𣿡
Ǻǣ˵ЩûˣϿ콻һĻһʱ̾㻯ɻҽ
ʿ˵̫ˣүڻûеɽˮز˴һͬھ
ϼ˵仰Աһ̣ǰڵϵķɽ»صС
ϼǿʹ͵һҧ⣬ȻһѪ˷ɽ֮ϡ
ϼ͵ľͿʼƣӿϣӦǸղŵǸܴľ
ֻϼһЦȻɽ͵һס
һɽ뿪ϼģû̷ߣڰ֮лһ⡣
ϼǿ̧֣ǽһָ
ɽЮźһ˲䣬ͽſڵĽײƬ
Ƿɽڽ˵Ƭһ£Ѱʲôټ
ɽڰһͣȻһ׼ֱȥ
˵Сɽʩչͳػ䣬ֽ˷ΪһʧǸϼôҲ޷ܵĻȼա
˵̫ˣֽˣ͵ĺԼʧȥ磬žһ⣬Լ塣
һüȻ֪ϼʼǽʼʩչطҪԼƴơ
㲻ҵһǰзŵĻ̾ԣ֮һˡ
ȵһȥѾǻ֮ϡ
һĻ˵Դǻչ߷ɣ˰֮С
ʱһ⣬һҹա
ôԵȣϾͷֲãǲȻɵÿ죬ǱǺࡣ
ûȻ˷ɳȥأǺѾı
Ѿ׼ֻڻ֮ϣ͵һͷƣʱ֮Ѿǵơ
Ƿĺ¡
ֻзɳֱӴ˷ĺ֮ϡ
֮У׷ǲܽҲӦֹǰ
ʵȫͬȻ˺֮ϣǶǺûκεá
һŵǻɢû뵽ϼȻôһ֡
û취Ҳ˲ǱˣȻһֱӾʹӻȥ
ո뿪˵ıǺһʹӻ˵Ͽշɹ
һȥһ߿ʼЩңҿԼüʱĻղôһ£¾ҪԼ
أ廹ڰ֮УûڵϣȴѾٴοʼʩ


323 ɾ
Σʱ̣㲻òʹĵơء
ֻһ̺ʶеǷһ
ܿռ䶼Ťֻֻǻһ£ʹһ˶ֱӳʮɵĸ¡
ոʩչϣǺɫķɽڰУһߣһֱ㡣
ڵڷصļӳ֮£ֻ֣ͨ͵ľǺץȥ
ǺȻ磬һľ֣Ҳûа취ѣ˸š
ɽҲǷȻץУĺⲢûɢӵҫۡ
ԼһӾʹ㲢ûзſƣεץסĵǷɽ
˺óʱ䣬žԼеķɽʼϵĺҲʼɢ
֪ǶԷķɢĲˣǸϼڿҲûоٿƷɽˡ
֪ʱˣֻһҡʮɸߵͿʼٵȵһռת֮󣬽ةѾָһ˶ߡ
ʱץһС
㽫еСõԼǰϸĿ˿Ϻûʲô䣬⽣֮ȴһɹɵĹ
ɹڤڤԶһӦɽһͣŸ
ѽȻǷȻȲԼɽҲӦһ˲õı
뵽ʱԼŵɽ
ţܴϼõ˽ɵĽȫɽˡ
ʱԼܶһ˵еı
ϥ˵ϣȻԼŵɽȡ˹
֮ɽѹϼС֮ϣȻԡ
ԭǰСȻѾľ˷ȻڲͣĲ
ǱɽһѹС̾û˶
΢΢һЦ֮С
˵еϼտʼڼŷɽҪȡ
Ƿɽֻһι͸оɽʲôסˣʩչǷɽö
󣬸Ǹоһɴɽѹ˷ɽ֮ϣȫʧȥ˿ơ
ϼɫ࣬˶ԷķԼ˵еıҲʧȥϵԼٽӡ
ϼʱһˡ
һڵϱ㼸ϼſڣȻվ⿴ϼ
ϼѾǭ¿ʶĻؼĻүֻǶЩȡѻֶζԸꡣ
ϼһ£̾һ
ðɣȡī
ǽ˼ϼЭˣ¶һ˿ɭ΢Ц
ֻһԱߵļ̾ķı
ϼѾˣ˷ʱˡ
ϼݺݵĵĽһۣȻεȡ˱īʼдеܷ
Űʱ֮ϼͣʣȻдļīֽһ͡
Ѿ˰ɣ
Ǹ˽ӹ⼸ֽŵĿһ£Ȼ΢΢һЦ
º⼸м䶪ʧͷдһ顣
ϼ֮һջ𣬶СʿǲԼ
ϼ䣬ΪСһݶ
˵ЩûҿʶĻдһ飬ʡǶ֡
ϼݺݵضĽˣεٴʿʼд
һʱһдȻͳ⡣
Ľ˽дɵһõϸĿһ飬ȻֶǰдܷȻһģһûκ©ĵط
ǽ˵˵ͷȻ˵ȻعҲʳԶʡ
˵仰֮ǽϼһ֣̾һȻֱʹ˿С
ϼǰһһ򣬴ĺб˳
ǽ΢΢һЦȻǻһָղŻȼյĻ򣬱һ˲˰֮С
ڵϼϥڵϵתڵŷѾһ
֮ϼ۾ɭŶߵĽˡ
㲻Ҫ˵̫ˣȻеǵɳ֪֮󣬾ȻĲС
Ͳˡ
ǽһӣ͵ؾŽ˻۶ȻЩ껯ŨŨḷ֮́ʧ˰֮С
ȵʧ֮ϼվ˴ڣƣֻѾûκεĹ
ʱϼ̾һϲûжپɥ
»صԼľԱߣȻѾһǵľ䣬ȡһƤҡ
ֻƤ֮߸彣Сףϱ߻С
ԭղϮǰѷɽֻ߰ѱеһڡ
ϼƤϵСֳһ˿֮ɫ
ԭϼȻõеطʱЩ̰ˡ
Ȼ߿ڱ߰ѱϷɢľ̫࣬޷߰ѱΪһ塣
Լ̰ͼ߰ѱܣר־һɽôΪҲӲһס
ϼһƤңȻ͵¶ĽƤҹԼȻֱɽжȥ
ԭϼȻղŽеܷȴ׼ô֡
ղֻǻ֮ƣѾָ˷ƾԼɽȥ鷳ҲҪе
ʱͲ֪ϼѾģ׼پߵ͡
ϼдϸĹĦ
ϼеܷɾУΪѲ£ܱԩΪʿд˾ֽɣΪҽһֽ
һΪʥͽΪ
֮УָΪΪ
Ϊɣɽ󴨣˽ذ֮вƽ֮£ɽħǿ
ģ˽ذǽذδͨ飬֪вƽ֮£ҪܹȥҲҪһܵ
壬ˮˮͶɣ뿪ˮͲܷɽˡ
֮ԷŻذˣڣ뻯һţ˶ʺŻҲ
ߣɽҲһ㣬ȻŴ˽ߵľ
ˣ˲ΣˮīΣˮīҲ⡣
ţڱҲ
ϼھǵھǵõʦ͵ɽƾ˽У˽ĳɾ͡
ҪϢĿҲϼһ·ϾѾһɽȻԶȥϰʲô֮ࡣ
˵һڶƷ֮ҲҪ룬Ͳܹ˼ġ
˵ǵĵĵ֮ڵľҲű߼ʡַֻе޳ɵܹ֮ٿǡ


324 ɽ
⽣ԽԽϲľͿʼ⽣صݿʼԼɽ
ޣֻܹʩչ֮ͨ
ñͨ飬ɽĺġ˾Ҳҵ
ֻ㽫ɽʣȻ˫ŷԼͷ֮ǰ
ȻһǰеĻ̾Աߡ
ʾ⣬̻˾ͷֳһŻ棬˱֮ϡ
Żڱ֮ߣʼѱж
еⱦɽ˵ĻȻǶɽҲûκεãɽԵķˡ
ɽʼ죬ֲ巨һˮɽ֮ϡ
ֻڵһɽָֻԭ״ɽ֮ȴһ·
Դ˷ΪɽʮŴΡ
ɽ֮ϣѾγʮͬһġ
ЩƺǻһʼŸʽЩ塣
һǾԼѪɽ
ֻҧԼʳָȻ󼷳һЩѪʼɽͿĨ
һͿĨһеϾɡΪ֮նˣ̫ͣϾ
Ϳһ棬Ǳһ棬Ҳ䡣Ͼȡɣ֮ɱˣɨ̫Ͼ
ϣеѱʼɢ⡣
ֻһͨҲѸٵĳɾֻͣΪеѱϹɽ̺͹
Ϊĵ̣ɽḶֱ́ӳΪһǿʹõķɽ
һأ㽫ѱýɵ֮һ飬ʹѱҲʼͨܣǿʢ
Ҫ㣬ڸоԼѱһЩϵε˿ߣϵһ
¶΢ЦĸԼϥѱڸӤƤ
ԵõʱͻȻ֮Զɹˣ˼㺮⡣
⺮⼱磬ǣһգ۵ĹѾĸ
ʱϥϵɽʼСԼʾء
ķɿ죬ϮٶӦǼѷɽҪȡԼ
ԼĵǽɵģҲֻϼһû뵽ԼղһʱϼͷԼ鷳
ڸոռɽûս׼ԷģѱѾЩ֪롣
ϥϲͣеıһЩ˼
ֻһҧеķɽٹͷȻɿߵ硣ʹ֪˼ͣɱɱɱ
֮㽫еɽһףȻһ𡱡
ǰɽȻҡҡλεķɵ˰֮УȻ۹⻯һ磬ֱϮļѺӭȥ
еɽٶʵ磬ֻѾӭ˵ͷһѷɽ
ѱ֮ײһ
ֻãһϮķɽͻ˷ĩ˳
ıȻڶѺȥ
ɽȻİѷɽ
ϼһҲоˣʣµѷɽһת䣬ʧҹ֮С
ϥСɽϣԼɽչЦݾͣסˡ
һԼȻ˵ǵϼʦţǵõ⽣ɷɽ֮ҲǶһŻͨ
ֻ֮ҪԼڼʮ죬ƾѷɽܹݺ¡
һǰڰзķɽһϥϡ
ҲЩ̾ԼѱոյɣܷųȥԼʮ֮ˡ
Ҫڼʮ죬ԼͿԷųɽֱȡϼ׼
һηŹϼˣһΣ֪ʲôʱܼ棬һεˡ
̾һȻվʰԼңźϼɽ뿪ķһۣȻǣƥͻɽȥˡ
˵ʱʮ֮ϼջԼѷɽ֮۵ĸֱ
һԼǵ˴ùˣ˱еؼԼ߿ڱҲʧڡ
ȥҲ֪ôʦ
ϼеľǣǿɽʵ̫ˡ
õԼطҲֻһʱô̵ʱ֮ڣȻԼǿڱɡ
ڱûоȫȻܹڰ֮ĻԼĿɽ
ɼеǿɽڵȼϣԼЩҪࡣ
ô绢¾ԼʦԳ֣ҲһܶԸ˶Էǿɽ
ԼһɽȻҪ۹£ȴԼʦĻˣҲ֪ô
ϼ̾һ뿪ķЩ֪롣
εʰԶȥʦʦ
˵뿪⴦Сɽûȥ𻪳Ϣ˽𻪳һСɽУȻڴһ׷ӣ㰲Ъ
㾭ղŵһսԼȱԶ̹ķڵѷɽʮ֮ڼɣĻͻǰ
ղڰաɾɽʱ򣬲һ뷨
ɾȻ˵ʩչʱЩ鷳Ҳûйϡ
еĹȫƾǱܣƷԷĽǹһ񣬲ˣҶҲɻ
ڵȴһݾǾǷɽնа
Ȼɽնаųı޷ͨ飬ȴŵεĹ򣬿ȡ׼ǧ֮⡣
ַ϶Ϊһǲǻγһǳǿķɽ
ʱ䣬ʹһԡ
֮Ըô޼ɵ飬ΪеڱƷ̫ߣҲ𻵡
һķɽڣ·ɽһʱ̾ͻ𻵣ʱľɵķɽͻữΪС
Ϊ㻹ԼСﲼһ򵥵ķ̨
Ӵ֮ÿáɾԼķɽȻֽɽڷ̨֮ϣõλķɽնаڼһ顣
ʱƣɽҲʼúǰͬˡ
ԭȵʱڷɽȻܹܲΪ
ĺܶܶ޷ʩչһЩҲʼչֳ
ʱڣɽͣķţֵĲЩһⲨɨУ̾ͻữơ
ڵֻҪʩչɽ̾йɽ֮ϣɽնǧ֮⡣
֮⣬ɽܹˡ
ԭھɽڣٶѾǰӵĿ٣ֻҪʩչͻγһɵϣеķһͻᱻɽնơ
޳ȥҲΪһ򷨵Ľɡ
㲢·ϼľΪ⽣Ȼ˵磬ڱ޳ַԵʣԶıǳĲܹﵽ֮ġ
ɾصɺ͵֮㿴ֻǵҵĸˣдﵽزɽ˲ܹ


325 ҹ
һ糿ľվԺУʼ̫ʱɢ
ԭȵûϰߵģƽһ˯ͣȫȻѡ
ϰΪõˡɾϱ߼֮ÿ̫ɢܹһܹԼıӵϬ
ҲΪɶԼһЩ࣬ŷַ޳
Ҳ̳
ʱ޳֣ÿ̫ɢҲкܴİ
ôʮ㷢Ľ֮УҲʼɢѾԭ
˵ڽеʥ̥ѾʼֻҪھһʱ޳֣ôʥ̥Ӧɡ
ǸʱֻҪǱıһʱ䣬ܹʥ̥ѿǶɾ͵֮
̻Щڵľûмʱ޷ɵġ
ҪȰµǸˣȻȥСٻΪϵЩ޹ԩָ
ҲһԼոɵɽʲôܣ
ڶϣľʰңȻֱԶ¡
µʱ򣬷оȻ˼ޡ
ڵЩǶԺУѾŵ
ȥһʣ֪ԭޣϵʱȴһѾ
ȽʬͣȻȥر١
Ǽ˵Ѿ֪ӦеǸֳˡ
ûСٻǸҲǲʹͣⲻǼĹˡ
⼸ʱѾ뿪ˣҲʣһˡ
һ䣬ϥڲݶ֮ϣǸǰ
Ҳ֪ԼлЩɢǸӦûᾪǸ
ȫԼķ˽֮Уһͨûʲô
Ȼҹ˾ʱķű
װ֪ʲôںһĸôˣʲô飿
λ๫סԺһסҵŮͻȻղˣһ˼Ҳûа취ȥҽйæ𻪸Ϊҽ
ߵЦһЦ
һڣǰкСٻ˵Ǹѡ
ҲǼװûз֣վŴ򿪣ȻſվһüĿ̫̫
ʮһǶһȻλ̫̫
̫̫Цݣ߽ķ䣬Ȼ۹һڷɨһȦ
ûʲôֵĶ̫̫֮ЦݸӵĴ顣
ֻӻȡһӣȻ˫ŵݵǰ
λУʹˣȽŲ㣬ȥ𻪳ͰˣлƽһǮʣµĶȷˡ
Цеվ￴λѵıݣȻɨһеĻƽ
ƽǽӲӵģʮӣʵķУֻһݹǡ
ණȻǲӵġ
վſڣϷЦ˵λ̫̫ڼһԶһЩҽȥһҪܹʡȥҽˡ
̫̫Ŀһۡ
Ҫ֪ǰÿһƽ֮󣬾Ѿ۾Ʋˡ
ǰСʿʿҲ̰ͼԼǮƣһˣ˭ԼڶûţҲùˡ
뵽ʱλҲװˣȻûа취üƻסСʿǾֻǿˡ
ֻһαֳԭΣһֻҹ
ҹ泤ã۾磬װڰͷġҪ˵жж
ǳʧΪһЩżпǿҹֹŮӶʮƯģֻӲòª
ҹֻ۾һһؾ߹ˡ
һѾŵûɢվˣȴȵվ¶΢ЦڿϷһǸҹ
ҹҲоЩˡ
Ͼ˭ҲɵӣԼ⸱ԼŶľοһͨķˡ
ܹԼĲģһЩµģҲ
ҲҹôȻһֱܹ̾µԭ
ҹѾ˱뷨ѾˣžǸϿ뿪Լľĵط
ҲûôףأСҲûдҪСȥֻײǽˡ
һĹ֣Ȼô鷳ֱӾͿԻӰǽ
ҹȻǻ֮ȻûЩô㡣
ˣ֪㲻֮Ҳٳɣ͵ľԱߵǽײȥ
㱻ֵЩסˣ˼֮УԼ˴һƸۣԼ¡
ôˣѵǼԼ̫Ӣˣвֱײǽˡ
ĹǸҹѾײǽܵԺС
ҲӦһżҲܵԺУʱѾһ۵ľ
ǸҹɱԺ֮ѾԺߵǿôȥ
ǻûɶԶأѾ˿һӡ
ǿĶѾųһĹ򣬾һɵеǸҹ
ٻӿǿзųһɫֱӾͽҹʵȻϵǰ
ǸҹѾŵûվûվסˡ
ԼҲõù˵˼Ѿûʲôô£Լֻ˼˶ʮ꣬ĵʿѵԼҪɥ
㲢ûʩչͨҹɢվǰʵСģô˼
Ǹҹ̧ͷĵĿһ£͸ϽĻشұǵеҹ棬ֻҵһô֪ôľȻû˹ҿƾǿɴ硣
һüͷһȻµĿºߵǿô
ĻԼӦҪˣҪ֪ܹɴ磬ǿɲС¡
Լ޳ģҪ䣬Ҳ÷壬ǰ
µҹ˵ͨŻ֮һôԼǼһ©ˡ
۾ת˼ȦȻŹǰҹһ£ȻͻȻؾ𿽹ҹһ¡
ҹû뵽ͻȻķ㶼ˣֱӾͱſС
ΪԼᱻǰĻɢ֪ſһӴ͸оԼ廪ΪޣȻ뵽һ֪Ŀռ֮С
ſڰҡҡˣһһ̹⣬¹ЮҹԼǰ


326 
ҹǰʱѾղѱ
ڵҹǰСſԱһ
ȥǴһ
뿴һʵġ
֮
һҹϵҲʧˡ
ҹ棬͵һۣûʲôӦŸվȻǰΪ·
ҹǽԺܿµĺɽһдеĴ
ôĸȻûκֲԵôͻأ
ǰȥɣȻʵôȥ䣿
ҹǰȥڴǰ£ȻתȦȻתȦ
֮ϾȻһŻ֡
㿴Żûоçײش˽ȥһ̾͹С
һָŻСϾ˼ȻͽŻ֮С
ȹ˴һյʱ䣬ŻһӰ³ǰ
СŻг֮̾͹ǰ
ôΣգ
ˣ߲ûκεΣնɭɭʮʺұ
˵ͷŻһߣȻǸҹ˵䡣
ȻôԼȥһҲûʲôȥǰҪȫ׼
ΪǸطƣһĻ˽ȥ֮һǳõӰ졣
ȻԼѾ޳ɣϾҪ׵ɣǻСΪϡ
㿪ʼ䡣
ڣ޺ƽ٣֤ͨ⣬Ω۶н⣬ӳ֮֮ţأȺգ飬йͬӭʹ飬ɥ־Σ۽ڣ֣̳ͥ
ϣ֮ϺǸһ⣬һܻƣһжк嶼ÿ
׼ϣҹһۣȻǰŬŬ졣
Ǹҹǳʶ࣬̾ǰ߸·
Ǹҹ洩ǸŻŻϱ˸Ĺâ̾ͰžӰһʧˡ
˵ǸŻֻ֮ǰһȻͳһȵ֮С
һ磬ĽͿʼãֻһĽ֣Ǳʼ㸽ӵһ˲ͱų⿪
Ǹҹ棬ҲԶԶģͲҿ㡣
̧ۿɵ硣
ֻԶ꣬ڲͣĻ˺ҧʱһͻɢʧܡ
жɢʧȥ˱ԴЩɱȴһļ١
㿴ԶҵһĻüͷ壬ȻʶԶҹ棬ô£䲻Ӧܵظʮ޿ôôң
ǸҹСĵĿһ㣬Ȼ˵طıԵ֪ΪʲôһЩ©ܹ֮
ܵظͲά𣿡
ˣԴҵʼûмظ
Щûްһʲôܣõظ˰һƬˡ
鷳ľܹһֱƽûκδŵɵɡ
ֻü˵ˣҲˡŻҪȥˡ
ҹڹԵһķԸٶһõĴԭȵķһ飬ȻڴϾһγһŻ
һҲ̽ˣֱӾһſ˹ȥȻǰһڰȵһοʱѾ˷䡣
㳤ģһ
Ӧͷ䲻ͬĵһ۾һֱԼǸҹ˵ǸСٻô¶
ʻҹɫЩˣΪҪСٻһع
ȻǺ£ҹ治֪ôģκη֮ģȻʵʵİСٻĹ˵һ顣
ԭСٻҲϵô򵥣Ȼ˵ǱҹȣòˣҲûеʲôô
Ҫ֪ɲκεĹ»ҰܹڴڵģСٻܻôʱ䣬Ҳڲͣŷ˵
ΪСٻܹôʱ䣬Ļʱƣͻɢˡ
̸ͨⷬ㻹֪һǾЩ֣ǻŵʱôһ˹»ҰôͲԻ˵ı׼ǡ
ΪЩҲҪŵģҲҪԵģȻôûκεʳֻȡ˵Աڡ
ΪκεĹΪ˱Լ󶼻᲻òʵЭǰȥˡ
ЩĹտʼҲΣʱƣξͻ󣬻Ϊʳ˵쾭壬ǻҪԷһ
ΪڵĹûһ޹ģĻǾͲ䳤ڵĴڡ
ҹĽӵ¶ҪСٻշٷΪˡ
Сٻʲôطܸоõ
ǸҹʻæļоԶ̽ȥˡ
һҹŽĻشڶϷСٻϢ
Ȼ˵ͷȻһҡǿ̾ͷųһỤ̃ҹЮţص˿ڵĿռ䡣
һԼѣȻ£ǣԼƥһ·Ϸȥ
˵ɳصң鷿Ž⣬羰ͦãǺʺ϶顣
ͰСٻĹͷԼ鷿⣬ŪˣҪһ¡ҲǶȥ˵һذɡ˿Բţܲء
Ǹ»ҰͰӱϰɣʲô£˵ҲͲбĹ۸һƣʲôþƣʹպϺȣ
˵Ҫȥˡ
Ҫߣ˺˵㣬Ҹһߡ
ɳͷһСٻҲܸˡ
Сٻˣ˵Ǹ֮˰ңҾʮҲ㡣ҸȥɣȥݼһţĸסҸѾ檣ʲôҶڡ
Ҫ֪ǰѽСٻСȻڰУЩУҲ֪˶˲нı졣
ǰʱɳСٻ涼ϣȻ֪СٻʮֵƯȴûһͿò
ֻСٻƤҲãҲСҰ쿴ŲƯôׯֶׯƯе㷶ˡ
Ȼ˵ɳǰҫԼƽ޶ɫСٻʱҲ۾Щ
СٻСĿһ£ɳѹȻ󲻺˼ӣҲ֪˵ʲô
Сٻ̸ߣɳЩΣæ˵ﻹûмĸϽȥΪͨһҲǰȥݼ


327 ͼı
ɳСٻĻͷľСһ
ɳʹСٻլСٻԴȥĸ档
Ҫ˵ɳҲ湻ģֱӾҪһԼĸǰҲ֪ĸûʲôѪܼ᲻ֱӾͱŹȥˡ
ɳǽլҵĸףʱǰĸ˵һ顣
ɳĸӵĻһ
棬һǴǸһ˵Ǻܾ㤵¡ΪǸӵġ
һǣԼӳ˵ƽ޶ɫȻһŮģ˵࣬ҲŮġ
ɳĸƽ֮һ£ԼĶϱ߲ţ֪ɷһŮһôһᲡϼӲֲþһ¹ȥˡ
ɳĸֻε˵Ȼ˵檱ƽϱڱϾڲУʱҪϢĺá
ɳĸ׵ĻϾ֪Լĸ׺ʲôҲ֪ΪʲôɳУȴĸ׵˼һ˿ϲ
ǣһнĸ׵Ľ̻塣
ɳĸ̾һȻ˵ȻѾˣǾҼһɡ
˵仰ɳĸлһЩϾҪһŮǸ˶¡
ɳĸ״ӦСٻ֪ôģһϲӿϡ
ûеɳȥ죬СٻԼͽˡڵϸɳ
ɳϽ˵Сٻ
ɳȻôƮԼǰ϶ŵòᡣһǾһţһЩ
ɳŵ÷㶵ʱ䣬Сٻ˵ڹһˣԶ븸ĸֵܡĸֵҲ֪ĻġҿӰҾˣĸһ㡣ԸѾ檶УҸʲôУҪúñ
Ҫ˵ҲһǶ˻ǶԹһЩʲôǳá
ɳ迴СٻôƯɰӡȥһˣŸԻ˵ôҶӣҺܸˡⱲӾôһӣŴڽӴȢš
ʵѾǶСٻЭˣϾԼǰһҪǼˣԼһ󻹲֪ôء
Сٻһ˿⣬ֺܿȥ
شСٻҲ֪һʱ˵̫̫ͨϾûһ𹲹£ȡΡ
Сٻ˵ʵûбģҶһˣȻòΣҰɳҸ磬Ҹһһź⾡ТвС
Сٻʵɳʱ򣬾Ѿ˱˼ֻʱЭ
ɳĸСٻĻüһ£ǿͬˡ
Ͼ벻ӦҲѽ
Сٻɳĸ׵ͷͬ⣬̾¶ЦݣһЦͺĵʢһ䶼ʼһܰ
ɳĸ׼СٻҲɵпԼɵӹȻЩȻСٻһŮòһоͶԷˡ
ȻˣܲȥݼһɩӣСٻ±ߣСĵʵ
ȱȥأɡõȥҲ
ɳĸܴӦСٻЭˣôȥԼϱأ
һСٻô˵ҲǸԼϱڲУһҪǲôã
һСٻϱĲûʲôţԼϱ֪ɷһŮҲˣʱ֮²ء
СٻҲʮֵʶȤɳĸ׾ܾͲˣȥʼʰ䣬
һ㵽˸˼϶ǵϤ֪ģһʼϤһʱ䣬ϰߡ
⣬СٻϣûСǣ֪ɳҲĶš
ɳǸˣҲûעЩɳôҲһŮˣ˼Ҫϸһ㣬Ȼû˵ʲôʵѾһߡ
ŵʵû취ˣֱӾͻغϢȥˣһ۲Ĳ
ϳԹ֮СٻҲ֪ǹģǲ֪ʣڴϵһֱվɳԱźš
ڴʱɳȻ֪ǰǹǻûоöô£ȵɫһԱվһɳôҲܲˡ
Сٻѽ㿴ɫѾˣҲȥϢɡ
Ҳ֪˻ǹģɳ边ȻûиСаŷ䣬Ҳ֪СٻϢ
СٻһȫƵģҲûǿˡ
СٻļңȻɳ鷿ԱߵǸ·ء
ڻȥ··ɳ鷿ɳ鷿֮ж飬۾һ˽ȥ
ɳСٻûаη壬˾͸æСٻ֮˾Ϳʼ鷿̸֮˵ء
СٻڻŵʱҲŵڣɳ̸˶ʮͶǶ겻һ
ȵ̸ʱСٻ뿪
һ쿪ʼСٻÿͬĹźɳź裬ÿϴ·ȵȵȵЩһӦ
ϵʱÿ춼ɳ鷿쿴飬Ϊ㡣
СٻɳУʮʱɳǲˡ
ȥɳĸײʲôֵĵطϾѾôʱ䣬ȥҲǿ˵ùȥġ
ɳȥˣΪĵľɳĸˡ
ϾӵˣûһôҲø
ʱ俴СٻϾǸöȢ᲻Ӱأ
Ͼӹ񣬻û˵ĸ˿Ժ͹һӵġ
뷨СٻǶۻ
˸ᣬСٻ͹ëԼ
ҲסЩʱˣʲôˣӦҲ˽ˣҾΪ뵱ˣŸӻģû뷨ƽӡӣ̫ˣǰûˡУ˭˶Ҿ˹ٶҾܵøʵ۵ķھھȪ֮£Ҳùʡ
˵ʱСٻ۶ʼðˡ
СٻʵҲЩͨģڼɳʱͿĶϺһƬ
ɴ˾жϳɳһɻڴλС
ȥƷϵĹ٣ٵޣõϵһھҲǸƺš
ڹȥʱСٻ˲ˣȽܵظǵظйһĲ
ȥܵظıԵĶ̾ᣬһʱҲͣˣʹ±ȥܵظҪ
֮£Сٻѡ˵ַǾǽɳˣûϸһţȵܵظƾãܵظйҲôֻǴ»СС»ˡ
ҲСٻɳҸķԭ
ϾտʼʱСٻɳֻһ棬СٻҲģôֻƾһμĸԸ


328 Ƥ
ɳĸСٻĻҲ֪û⣬˼Ҷ̹ˣøھӰԼ˾ǵĲӵ¡
һ㣬СٻҲǸϽĽ͡
ܲӣŮⶼүǰźõġӣⱲעӣΪȢ˸Ͳġ
ɳĸﲻ֪ôˣһͿʼСٻĻˡ
ڵϣɳĸ׽ɳеԣԼĴɳ˵һ顣
ɳϢǷǳĸˣȫǰѳŵƽ޶ɫ׵ԺԺֻСٻķݡ
ɳĸԲٰģûмĹѣȻΪСٻɳһ¡صĻ
ȻɳͷһΣһصĹģҪСࡣ
չأСٻֻңڹģʹϣȻԽǰߵλˡ
СٻԼȴǳúƯģ¡صǳСٻһҾɵˣûôƯġ
ɳȢһ˫ķ˵ϢԼ֮䴫ˡ
Ҷɳ޸ҲǷǳĽ
˼ĹСٻѾʼǣԼǹΪԼһֱƽȥ
һͻȻĸоľͬʱһŨŨвڲͣĽӽ
СٻϾѾĹͻȻĸоǷǳġ
ԼǶ㲻ˣӦѾ׷ˡ
뵽ʱСٻϼ㶼Թһ٣˵õĸˣȻûаһʰˣȻҵĺ¡
ЩҲûˣϽһôܿͻᵽΣա
һԷ֮УСٻͻȻɳϼǸƤأ
ɳСٻʵһ㶡
Ҫ֪СٻǶϼ͵ǸƤҷǳĺ£Դǳɻ֮ɳͰƤҲ˿֮ⷿУʡСٻ֮ľս
ɳ˵㺦£ҲرˣôǸҪʲô
Сٻ˵ܸôʱˣҲܳԷˣӦò񵱳ôˣóҴͷɡ
ԭʱ䣬СٻÿֵĳԷͬʱϢϢټɳ˵ѾһЩѾͨĹǸƤˡ
ɳЩ֣Сٻô£ղɳѾСٻĻУĲ
Сٻش˵죬Ļңǵ𻪵֣˽ܣܻҵ鷳ɡ
ɳһԭԼҲʼˡ
ǸҪˣ²ֹСٻ鷳ԼҲŹġ
ɳҲʲôֱӾֿ֮ܵУǸƤû˴ͷ
СٻƤҹ˴ͷŷһЩڴԶԶĿǸƤңȻϻһЩ־壬۾ȴЦ⡣
ǽװͷĶƳҲ֪ɱ˶ˡ쿴ƤңȻѧˣ˺ңҿﻹǺ¡
ƤңСٻɳǿ˴ϣ۾ȴôҲ޷˯
˵ʱѾɳ̼ҵĸ
㲢û̳֣ڲԶһϣԶԶؿɳҵԺӡ
֪ϼ͸ɳһƤңǸƤӦܹһЩаġ
ȻԼһ˫ԼշǸҹǰȥɳ鷳
ʱҹܹСٻҲʡԼ鷳
ҹ治ϼǸƤƤҸˣԼ˵Ҳʲô¡
ΪҹڸԼǰǲ֪ɱˣޱߵԹԼҪǰԣ󻹵ΪЩԹЩòʧ
֮ȡ˿һ̾һҹ˵ϡ
ҹãһ£ȵԼѾ´Ǹռг֮ſǰķԸ
СٻڲԶȥΪȡ
ҹ沢֪ϼ͸ɳ飬˶СٻԼԭȵ£Ͳ
˷ģһʱ̾СٻĻǡ
˵֮ҹ͵һżͻһɳҷȥ
ʱɳԷ֮УɳСٻ۵С۵ģôҲ˯أͻȻľ˵ϣԺһ
СٻŵøϽصˡСٻǺֵܺģ϶Ǹ˺Ӱһų
СٻɳûţΪϼһʱ򣬼һˣҵǻأһ־ˣҲû¡
ǷĹǸҹ档
ҹΪһӦֵǵ﷿֮ҪоһŨŨѪ֮ǷƮ˳
ѪζУҹоһŨŨвֻҪ̾ͻᱻѪûһ
ҹڿЩǰˣڷ˼ǲҽȥ
ҹֻҧĿȻ͵ǰһܣʹܽɳķ䡣
һ°ɳҲһΪҹ治ҽأû뵽ҹôĵֱӾƴ롣
ɳҲǸģȻҹѾķǣɳȻûнгǵŴ۾ҹ棬һһԼĴǰ
ҹ濿ͷ岽ľʱ򣬾Ҳǰˣ۾ŹڴͷǸƤңҧгݡ
ҹ֪ƤҺΣգвԼӲΥ
ҹ滹ûеģĿǸƤңҪֽժȻ˺ɷ顣
ҪץʱƤҺȻһƤԼˣͷ·ƤҲи̽ӣһ¾ͰҹƤˡȻûˡ
ƤָֻԭĴСɳĿɿڴϾ̫ϳˣһСڴװһҹ棬һʮװİڴװһȥһ
Сٻʱˣܸ˰˵ûˡ
ȻȥƤҴ򿪣һˮ
ɳҲæĹȥƤùϸĿ˿ȻǸû
ҲǾΣˣСٻЦ˵ɼҵıܿߵģǸϽغãԺҲǻõ
ɳҲĵͷղǿƤҵ硣׼ұȥˣԺԼĶҪ˹ƤһҲܹȻ
ǾϲЦտʱͻȻ֮и˵ƶóˣûйضλ»֮ϲˡ
ɳСٻһһ㶽ţ֪ܿǸʿ
࿴һۣ֪ʿҹʲô
ɳСٻʹһɫ˼غãȻɳ´·ߵԺС


329 С
ɳ˷䣬̧һͼԺӵվһλʿĸ
ɳȻ˵ԻζһɵϣҲԸоյĲԾ
ǸҹղŸոϮʿž͹ˣѵмʲô
Ȼɳô룬Ǳȴûһ¶ЦŶ㹰˹˵ղһɺã
ʩĸƶһܹȥ
ҹѾˣʲô˵
ɳûм仰Ϳʼˡ
ֻЦһЦɳĻֱӾͽ⡣
ʩôСٻѽҲ»Ҳӡ
ɳüͷ㣬˵Իӣ׾ڲ͡
ѵС˲ɣ
Ƿеߵöˣʲôµģ
˵仰ʱɳѾŭɫ֪²ˣҲٺίߡ
ʿʶĸϿߣȻĻҰ浽ٸ㳢һ֮֡
´һɳҡҡͷ˵ҲѡҲҸһ䣬Ҫɫ۾
¾Ͳˡ
ɳ㲻˵ʲôƽ޶ɫôڶһŮģѵ𣿡
ʱ򣬿ǴɳӸոȥûж೤ʱ䡣
ɳĻЩΣϾ̧ͷ˵ȥǻŵҪȥ
ɰͰ͵һ仰Ҳҡҡͷɳ˵䣬ЩС˼ġ
ˣҲϻϿСٻҺһˡ
СٻֻһŮӣ캦飬ʲôҪ棿
ҡҡͷɳЩʧֻ˵Լڻȴ޺˶ˣȻвȵأȴҲı䲻ɱԽıԡ
ҲٺɳϻˣﺰСٻԼҶ÷
һֱŵСٻĻ֪ԼҲ㲻ȥˣֻ߳˷䡣
ɳԱߣʩһ򸣣Ȼվɳ˵ˡ
ɳԼСǻֵ̿Сٻһʹ
ץסСٻʹգȻҡҡ
Сٻ̧ͷ˿ɳȻ¶Ц֮ĵ˵ͷ
˾ôţ˱˴֮⣬Ҳݲˡ
㿴ɳСٻ˵ӣһ󼵶ʡ
뵱ʱҲǰ£ҲӶĥǵ˺һжǹơ
ǰãԼ֮󱻱ѵʹзųһ׹⡣
СٻɱıӦ
Сٻתͷ˿ڣҲû˵Ӷǣ΢΢ЦŶ˵Ȼɱˣȣҵı⡣Һ˵ܵظôһ仰ΪƣƲͣΪ񲻷֪ΪΣ
۾Сٻ㲻Ҫٺô˵ģЩԩµָʲô˱
˵仰ҲٺСٻϻֻȡ˿͵ؾСٻȥ
⿽㴦ùֱֵҹ涼ֵסοСٻ
ſųĹܿͲСٻϣȻ򿽹ȥ
վһԵɳһ֪ãȻǰһץסСٻӣȻڻУԼĺ󱳶Ŀ
⿽˵ʵҲǶԸ޵УǶϻˣûʲôͨ
˱ɳôһţķǴˣСٻӹһ١
ɳҲɣСٻֱԺȥһܻһߴĺС
ǿǿɱ
Ҫ֪ҹ˾ҹɳһкֱӾʹȥأѸ˶סˡ
Ҫ֪ڳȻ˵ɳұȽƫƧỹв˵ġ
˺ܿڸķĵƹ⣬žһк
ɳСǾȴûֹãԼôСٻҲǸɱ˱˳
ôһĹѾܶ˶Ŵ򿪣ȻŰӳͷ˽ֵ֮ϡ
ɳˣϾ;õ׳࣬Ϊ׵һ˵壬иʿǼңҪСٻ
ǽĿЩãɳĻϾŭˡ
⻹ûˣǬȻ飿
˵֮򱳺һ֣˵һϣʿٸ֮С
˵仰͵ֱɳҡ
ǣĻҲһȻűɳΧ˸ʵ
Ĳˣʹɳ˳Ҹűѵˣ΢΢һЦ
λףǸʲô
ʿҹ˼ҼҽᣬǸʲô
΢΢һЦȻ˵ӡ
λףǿԩƶˣƶг͢Ķ뺵ģôܸ飿
Ϊ׵´һ㣬ǳʵʲôˡ
ڹŴе˶òȡˣҪǳʵϾͻ԰ȫУҪǳǼģٺãҲᱻĻ١
⸱ʵ࣬͵õǰʱϿɡ
ȻǸʵĵʿΪʲôҹﵽɳҪ˼ҵӣ
㿴Ҽʮţ̾һ
λףƶҹʵǵѡ
˵ʱ̧ͷȺңûпɳСٻ
ţе˺ܲ
ɳڼлĸأǸСٻķػɳҺأôҲ벻
Ȼˣô˵ˣֻҪΪӡôɳôͣҲ޷ЩţοСٻȷʵǸôһ㣬ûа취͡
λףƶǴӽ𻪸ģǽ𻪳һ£̾żɱͶ޵С̷
˵ʱ±ߵǾһ˽˵顣
ƶס޷⼸֣Դ㽫һ򾡣ԱΪȥԩ걨𡣡
뵽Ϊ׵ֻЩУƶΪ˳һʱʱ䣬һŮ˳
ƶڳΪ׵֮˳ټϵ˴˴ȴɳҶСٻǸŮ
˵֮۾ܵɨһۣȻ̾Ϣ˵Ҫ֪Ůɱ˲գۣҳ˵ĸ˵ĶȺ֮УλҲǸ
Щϰһ仰ըˣû뵽һ˵СٻȻǸ
Щ£һҪСٻҹܵԼôԼһСɾͶûˡ


330 
Ϊ׵ĻҲЩ£ûȫ㡣
Ҫ֪ɳųģɳһŮ˸׵
ʿҲ˵бۣһҪɳȥһѧô죿Ҳȫš
ΪѵʱԱһ׳˵岻ǰɳСٻ˹ͷʣ˭ģ˭Ǽ١
֮۾һȻ˵ͷ
ã취ϿɳСٻ
˵仰̧ĴѰҽһ⸽ûɳСٻӰ
һһԭԸʿĻǿˣовõԤС
ɳСٻأ
ĻϿĴɨ裬Ⱥ֮иû˵Ӱӡ
ʱѾʼбˣʿ˵ģɳСٻ¶ˡ
ĻЩðˣǰʿӦòڱسһʿ֮СٻֻˣЩǿô죿
뵽ʱһһİëȫŵġ
ϾҲ已̥һ뵽һŮһֱڸǻǲǲŹˡ
µЩҲЩ壬۾ϣ˼˵ø⡣
ͲСˣҲǳԹģĻҲڸôߵ
ɼڸһңܲҵɳʣµ˺ȥɳѡ
һ仰̾øĹǣӦ̾ͷֳӣһŻ𣬰ڸĽֵĴѰɳСٻټ
һĴֱӾʹɳļУʼĴѰСٻ
ҲĬĬĸ󣬽СٻļС
ΪľӦ֮ѾˣСٻͶɳĸ׵ķС
˺ܿѰɳĸ׵ķ䣬һͼɳĸʰأ׼Զ߸߷ɡ
вûпСٻӰӡ
ɳǴҲһȻϾʲô
ʱɳҲ׼װȥˣվĸ׵ǰߣȻ̹Ȼ˵壬Ѿ֪ˣλ׿ôھӵķϣŹһңұ֤̾Զ߸߷ɣŸλ
֮ЩɣϾɳĸҲйһβǳĽ顣
ԵһȴӦˡ
壬ɳɵĻҪǷԺһҪǸŮĻԹޣٻ鷳ô죿
֮̾ͼᶨ⻰˵ĶԣȻɳҲԼЩǵ鷳ǸŮǿû飬˭֪᲻Լǰ˺󻼵ĺá
ɳô꽻ķϣ㽻ǸŮߵǸұ֤˺ĸӵ㿴Σ
ֲɳĸĻ۾һȻɳ䣬˼ɳӦ
ɳͷһĸףȻʧ
СٻѾǼҵϱˣûԲǼҵ£ôܹȥĻһʲôȥˣ
ɳĸ׿˶ӵľǿӣ̾˿ͷ˵ʲôˡ
˸ղɳĸ˵Ļ֪ûʲôˡһ֣ߵЩһӵϣɳɺĸ׿סȻпʼҷ
Ǿͽ﷭˸ףҲûзСٻӰһЩ˿Щצˡ
ΪǽҪǲСٻŮҳǴˣôʱɳܵٸȥ淢ǡ
ǸʱЩ˿¾ͻᱻǿլͼıá
ûа취ˣֻܰ۹⼯еϣϣܹҳŮΧһ
㿴ȵĿ⣬ֻĵ˵ͷһҡ߽˷䡣
ɳˣҧгݴ˵˺ûƤµʱҼཻʲô飬ȻҪǿеĲɢǷޣ»𣿡
ɳĻҲЩϾͼᶨ
֣ҿҪΪѣֻ㲻Ҫ£СٻһûκεĺôˣҶҲз֮㻹ǸϿ콻ʱ㡣
ޣҪҳӣ룬ҪɱҪоͳɣҵҪ»û
㿴ǿɳҲҡҡͷûʲô취Լܲܵ˵ɱɡ
ȻֻԶˡ
˵㽫쿪Ȼʦģ׷˻꣬ķꡣ
ֶɳץһ£ɳһ׹Ͼðһ̡
һзȥһ߿ʼצ
㸽ЩǣһŵվվˣЩģ񷿼ȥ
ȴվ˿һֱԼУЦŶɳ˵Ѿˣ¾͸ˡ
˵֮תȥȴûпɳѾɫ
ͻȻľԱ߹űǽȥȻ󡰲ˡһγ֮һڱֱĺĴȥ
ʱ㱳ǿɽͻȻķһȻԶʣһֱɳüġ
ɳͻȻһסˣеıҲͣˡ
ǿɽɳͣˣҲûмǰȴһֱָɳüġ
ʱתɳһۣ̾˿˵Ǻο࣬ĺδ޷ݣѵҪΪһŮõǰ̡
ɳվȻǰ۾ȴѾҪ˻
ʿҪﻨǽˣҪɱңһᱨѩޡ
üͷһ壬оһ˿ɱɳЩˣλСҪҪԼΪѣҲԼЩ鷳ʹ˳
Ͼѹ߿վôأԼҪǵɱɳҲý赶ɱˡ
뵽֮̾һǶɳʮƵġ
ֻĿɳһۣת߳⡣
ԺЩɳھǣ˶һӵϣȻ̫㣬ǶŽǰ͵еǸŮ
˲ҿΪЩ˵ͷֻŲһ⣬ȻʵŮץס˰ɣԺǲʲôΣ˰ɣ
⻰̾һȻǷǳ˵˵ŮȻǱץסˣҵλɳȴЩ鷳
ĻĳһȻɫƽʵֶʲô鷳𣿡


331 
̾˿Ȼ˵ɳȻڿʵѾմȾѾ־
ǸĻ۾һУȻڵɳȥ
ֻڵɳȻǱסȴȻɫһ
ӻмǱһ
һսȻǿϧɳųģǸгϢһû뵽Ȼ顣
ô죿ֻʣɳһˣҪٳʲô飬һܿɾͻˣ⡣
ҡҡͷʮֿϧ˵Ѿ裬Ѿ޷γǽɱˣûбİ취ˡ
˵ʱֱ˵̾˿˵ѾӰǣͨ˻˵һ㣬ҪԺ˹ٿ¾ͻΣһʱ֪жٰҪˡ
ĻҲʼ
ɳǺ˽ģӻǷǳвǵģԺֲ׼١
ɾ鷳ˣɳֻһͨ˵ĻôҲɧŸİա
Ҫ˹٣ôµЩ׿ɾ͵ùˣ֪Ҫܶ
οɳҪǵ˹٣ɲһŹЩӺ޵ھӡ
뵽ʱһҧһţȻ˵ȻţҲ·ҾȥšǹſڣҲҪ̫үĹ
ȵľ仰ֻҪɳû˹ʱ͵˹٣ͶԼʲôв
һԼȲɳԺ󲻻Լ鷳һãҲȫ֮塣
˵ƶѾˣͲˣʣµ鷳ˡ
ģͿҵˡ
˵֮Ҳһղ
ͷпһ˿ĽթȻʲô
ͷҲǰɳˣ⽫Ҫɳ˹٣ôһҿɾûкܵġ
ΪԼĽԼˣͷҲɳּٵʸ
Щ֮ǳ׷ˣ΢Цŵ˵ͷ뿪ɳҵСԺƮȻȥ
ǰѷɽ㲻Ӱ֮ͻȻĵɳ˷ţȻ󻮳һ⣬׷ȥˡ
ɳһû˷ɽ̾ͷһܳȥȻķҪȥ׷
ôɳˣֻһ֣̾мСһӵϣɳ˵أţȡɳ˸ʵ
ɳĸ׵ʱŸҲΡΡߣǰһӾ͹ڵء
壬ǼʮھӵķϣŹҶ֤һԺʵʵĲ鷳
ҡҡͷȻ˵̫ү˵ɡ
˵֮ת뿪ɳļҡ
ȵڶɫ֮ʹѺɳŵſڿʼԩ
λү㣬һ˻ģ̾á
֮˴֮һɣҲһ
Ҫ֪Ͽǵʥйڸߡ
үүûаǵĻ޻̸֮˽ɳ
ʱɳһҹѾЩ㲣ҪǾһҹ侲ѾָԼǡ
ɳ֪ԼҪ뱨𣬱Ҫƭǰ̫үԼĹĻƾԼһ޸֮¾ûбϣˡ
˵̫үʻʱɳҲǱ񣬻شʮֵĸɴ࣬侲
Щүϱ߿±ߵɳôҲǱָġ
¼ʮλһ֤ӦòǼٵģôӦóɳϡ
뵽ʱλ̫үͻȻĳһ亹Ϊ뵽һ˵
ǾЩΪأʱͨ˻Ҫǡ
̫үͰйʵɳƽҲ𣿡
һ룬Ȼ˵үĻԭȵʱɳȻ˵ǶʫģȴԻûȫ
̫үһ⻰Ͼ͸ӿ϶ԼжϣɳһǱħĻܷı仯
̫үҲЩצ֪ôɳɣ˵Ҫǰصɣɳɻûûʲô˵Ҫǲɣħ壬ʱ˺˱˿ô죿
ҪɳйģҪħ˵˹»Գ͢
ΪѵʱǸϽ˵үܲܽɳĹˣʣµͽǸǿܣʲô۶ӡ
̫үһ۾һҲǸ취
̫үͥˣɳŵĹӽԺ󲻵òμӿƾ١
ʱ⣬Ⱥ֮Уһֱ̫үӵ㣬Ҳķۣɳȥ
ֻڵɳϵǺƣ̫үһоʼѸٵɢֻһɰһֱǿɳͷϡ
ɰƽˣǴһɵ塣
Ⲣͨ˵ˣɳĲۡ
̫үоȻɳΪٵ;Ĳȴ̫үܹģǶɳõĳɾ͡
˵ͷһˣҲٶתʧȺ֮С
̫үо֮ҲɢãʱɳͷĿ߳š
̾һȻɳ˵ҲãԺȢţȻһĵչĸװɣҲ̳ԴƽƽĹһҲǺõġ
ɳ֮жǱˣ˿壬ȻҲ˵ȻԶȥ
忴ɳıӰ¶һ˿ΣҪΪԼļ˰ȫҲ²ߡ
˵ɳڽûĿĵй䣬ȴûһĹʣһнľһ
ʱͻȻĺ󱳱һ¡
ɳͻȻѹͷһվˣˣϼ
ɳϼΪһҪԼ鷳
۾˵ˣСٻѾǸʿסˡ
ϼҡҡͷȻ˵ҲΪ¶ֻ֪ǸʿҪ㣬ԸԮû뵽һ
ɳ֪ԷԼ鷳ģԼ
ˣеദ龰ͻȻ۷졣
֣ôСٻѾǸʿסˣ֪
ϼֱ֮ģҿԼһ죬ҪǺǸˣԷŹԼġ
ϼҪװһõ˵ģҲûʲô취ˣ֪Ժʲô㡣
ɳԷԼĽ۾Ѿˡ
ʲô㣬ҵֻҪһ飬ǾǸʿѩޡ
ϼҡҡͷ̾˿˵ǸʿǿҲһκεοһӡ
ɳ֮һ˿Ȼ۾ȫϼϣһݡ


332 ±
ϼɳеľЩ̣ԥԥ˵Ա𣬻а취ġ
ʲô취ɳץסϼ֣ʵ
ϼ˼һ£˵취
Ķʥ飬һճɾʹ壬кȻ֮ǸʱҲбĻᡣ
ɳ֮Ͼ͸оЩ졣
Ѿ˹Ҳ֪ҪЩ黹ʲôá
ѵΪ˹ĻԶɲ˴塣
ָ̡ɳĹʩ
־ƳȺ飬ѧ
ϼ˵֮󣬱תƮȻȥˡ
ɳ⼸仰˵۾Ҳֳã˺ðŷӦϼʱѾӰ
ɳûʧӣ۾¶˹ʣ͸ղǾˡ
ɳվڴϣ۾죬ͻȻĴЦȻȥ
˵ҲֱӾͳسǣȻһСɽϡ
֮һڿ̾͹һ̣ڵط֮󣬻һòŮӣСٻ
Сٻ˺ðһЩ̧ͷһվԼǰǸʿ
Сٻ֪Լı£ʿֱө֮Ա¡
Сٻһת˰취Ȼ治Ƕ֣ôԼػѽ
СٻĶʩһȻʵ֪أҵ๫ȴ޹ģŹ๫һеСٻһ˳е
˵Сٻɳ޵ɳҵķ˿Ǳ
һЦ
֪˵Ҫˣ㺦˵ʱôû뵽Щ
ҵʱǱƣ޷ɣԲòΥ֮£ȫҵı⡣
Ǻǣ˵ЩѾˣһ뱻㺦ЩˣǵļǶô
СٻĻȻ۾˵ɢҲвҲգҾͽĻܵظ־йһУ㵽û
˵仰֮ҲСٻзӦ㿪ʼ
֮оȻһɵУתٶԽԽ죬˺Ȼ˺ɫһԲ
ͻȻ̧Բһƣžһ磬ֱӵľʹԲ˲֪Ŀռ䡣
˺һԲʼһŤžʹ߳۷εĹ
ѳڵأ̾ڸγһ硣
Сٻų֮ɸҲǹˣֱӾſ˵ϡ
ֳϽĹʩ
֪ʦкηԸ
ָָСٻȻ˵ﺦ˲ˣҲǱвȣ㽫õܵظ־á
ſ˿СٻȻٴʩ
֮һϵ
ӭͳžһľһֱӾСٻӹȥ
СٻҲ˲ˣֻ𣬾Զȥ
СٻҲֹΪСٻĶֻͽ͵ġ
ȻżСٻҪߣǲȻŭֻһϾͷųһ̹̹⣬˳ʼԶӣֻһ˲׷Сٻ
̹˵СٻϣСٻĹֻһ˲ȫıӡε˵ϡ
ǸһһǰӣܿͽСٻ˸ʵ֮˹Աߡ
һСٻȻϵĿɥСٻ¡
ֻ¾ʹСٻ岻ȣʼһŵĺСٻϷɳ
СٻӰҲʼ˺ðСٻŻָԭȵӡ
ʩһȻСٻʧ˺ڶ֮С
㴦Сٻ֮󣬾ûɣȻ׼򣬾ضȥ
ڻȥ·ϣͨĿҲһЩ̵Ϣ
ԭʱ䳯͢ĴǽȡʤǰҲǰ׸ģǾȻеĽͽۼ˼ϳУҪͳ͢һս
͢ĴҲڼϳ£˸ͷεĽ޹ʧ˲˫ڼϳǽȥˡ
֪ЩϢ֮оת˼
û֧֮󣬷͹ЩˣѾǳ͢Ķˡ
ձôǰ̵ĽҲЩ£ƴһ͢ǲһʱ̽ס
Ҫڳ֮͢иɵĸֶѾˣֻǸЩͣǿԺԵС
ôڣĽǣڼϳ³͢ĴѾ޷ĸȥ塣
Ļ͢Ҫ̣͵úͰ̽гʱģð̵ĵȫĹ⣬ò߽⡣
ԼҲûʲôϵˣԳ͢Ѿ御ˣ͢Щ˶ǰǰȥȭڳ͢ЩҲʲôˡ
֮İõĽ͢ЩԺȻһ·ֱۣԼϳ
һոնȹ˳򱱣ɫһСʱס¡
ڿջһƵ֮׼ЩϢһҹڶ͸·
ȴԱһ˰̾ڵ͵͵Ŀ
ǲϵģϾ˭ûм£˵ĶԻȴϵġ
֣ҲعģϾһ˭û·һҲ͹ȥˡ
ǬȻа͢ѵҲ𣿡
͢Щٶ˰ǻʲôҪָǣǿⱲҲָϡ
ѵľ𣿡
⼸仰ɵתͷǱһֻԱߵһˡ
һŴ绹ǲȴͨ죬ҧгݡ
ҲǴҲǮˡ
ȴ˵пֻ飬˵Ĺϵɲô򵥡
֣ͲˣʲôĴ컯ҷԺһӵ¡
Ǹҧгݵ͵̧ͷݺݵĵ˶ǸһۣȻһվת뿪ˡ
ӶԵ뿪ҲûȰֻǻ࿴һۣȻ¶ղɫ
˵һܹͨʼ죿
ԵϱмɫģҾһͨҴһ¡
ҿֹ
˵ʱ¶룬Ȼ˵ûϱǸӣһһЦ˲ĳ
ǺǣԵϱôĸʲô
첻ҪأҪ仰㼱


333 ͨ
ԣᵽͨһ
ԭ֣ͨԼոʱ֮¡
Ǹʱ㻹֪ߵغһ³飬ȻǸɹö˷
ȻԼҵʤһͷ亹
Ǹɹú˹ź֮⣬ľͨ
ǸͨҲʱ˺ܴ鷳ҪӣѾˡ
ͨ˵ҲĶͷ˶ͷϢˡ
վԱߵǰ˴һס
𣬶λʩƶˡ
ɮ֮ʮܵ羴ģ˼ʩҲҵվĻ
ضʲôǶܰ𣿡
λʩղ̸֮ᵽͨ񣬲֪λoʲô
Ļ࿴һۣ¶˼ɵɫ
ҲɫԣЦ˵λغ£ҲǱ޵һЩС£ŷ䣬λȥغãʲôаܹ
˵֮ʹȡŷ䣬ݵС
˽ӹغãźһȻǰ
еһɨһ£ȻŵĶ˵ͨаҲֻ֪֪๫ʯ๫ڶɽ๫ţ๫ڶͥɽ๫Ӹۡ
һ˽˵ͨ˵ʵ֣ռĸֵܣĪϢΪҡ
üͷһ壬ȻʵаѵٸͲ𣿶˵ɽɳѵҲͨΪ𣿡
˭֪أһͨû˹ܹ
֮־Ͳɵ˽ˣͨҲԼĶͷһظɴҲһԼĶ
˸ղǸԵ˵ĵϸ
ԭ˽ԺģСеĵ䵱ˣ֣úɫ
һҹһӴ氺Ȼ˽ְ»ˡѾߡŵþߡ
ϸҪߣס˵ú£ͨеɡϲ㣬˺㡣
Ͳ˵ˣϱˡ
֮˵һˡ
Ժڳ⿪䵱̣ûлؼңѾ߱ȥġ
Ժ֪ͨʶʡ콫ԺؼҼƣڴܸ߳ܣ˲Ҫȥ
һϢӣԾһϵӾͶϣ˺üζˡ
߳ܵ飬ô֪أ
ԭ˵ҲͨȾ֮ͨͨ以ഫϢټӴдлҲ͵õϱռľ
֪ǰҲٴѵܣ˸֮󣬸˾Ǯ뿪˾Ƶꡣ
תתǸ˼ҵǽ⡣
ǰʱõеķ͸˿ڲլаյģҽΡ
һ仰ֱӾ͸صĸǽլУڰ˵Ϸ˶С
Ժ仰֮Щ죬ȻæһվŵѾߡ
ǿʲô˵𣿡
ԱѾ߻࿴˿ȻÿɵһԺ룬˵үûʲô
Ժ򸾻࿴˿жЩģѵԼĹȣԲ˻
ʱһ˵ĶС
˿ڲլаյģҽΡ
һԺȷˣԼ˻иָ㡣
ϽվԼķ˵ڴ˵Ⱥҳȥλˡ
һ仰֮䣬ɿȥ
ȵ˴ſһֻڲԶһʮĵʿ￴΢Цء
ûʲô˵ˣλʿһеĸ˼Լѣġ
ԺҲСܵǰ֮ҲˣֱӾ͹ǰȿʼʹޡ
ʱΨһһηйƽʱ޶ҿޣǺһǸ֪ͨˣԼһˡ
ԺĶ˸˵ע⣬ָָ㣬һ˽
龰æĽԺȻ˵ʩʲôǵƧĵط˵ɣ˵ĵط
ĻǻԺǣվĨĨᣬȻ󲻺˼ض˵ЩʧˣҪ֡
˵֮ԵĽ뵽լ֮УȻ鷿֮
ȵϱϣԺˣɫĶ˵ȻǼңȻ֪Ҽѣ֣Ϊҳ˴󻼣ͷ֮
˵ʱԺ룬Ȼɫᶨ˵ҲҲƣֻҪǵܹΪҳԸһĲƸΪǮ
һЦҪôǮʲôܹ˴ҲҪʩǮϣʩӽԺÿ꣬ೡ࣬ø񡣡
Ժ֮ǸпλȻǵõĸˣЩͲС
ʩ龭Ѿλѽˣ֪Ǹͨٴж೤ʱ䡣
Ժ⻰һ㶣Ȼ¶ŭѹȻǾ֮ôҪ飬Ȼľڴϸ˵ˡ
ڵ֮ǳǸͨԺ˵˵ϣͨͻ
⻰оһϲȻ粻ɡ
ãȻƶ
ǲ֪ҪʲôһΪ׼ȫ
ҲҪʲôֻҷԷԱ߸Ұһ侲ңȵͨˣֶν
ԺĻٿʱѾ磬ҲҵæĽ쵽֮УȻеѾߺӡ
Ȼķ˵ˣλǸղŴĸˡ
֮󣬸Ͻǰʩһ򸣡
վϣֻüĿ续سݣʷüʩɫ糯ϼӳѩֱǻ߳ŮһֲǸͨǡ
㶼ЩķˣվԱߵԺ룬ûзһ
˺ð죬ѹȻ󲻺˼ĶŮһ£Ȼ˵˲ض񡣡
ѱϣԺŶԼķ˵˽ϲغ£ѾӦΪǼ
Ŀһ£ȻָϽͷʵ֪ô죬ָ㡣
ûʲôָģϻҪһкͨԱߵķȻƽ¡


334 
ְοϼ䣬ȻԱߵԺһʹɫԺ̾˼
ϽĶ˵ˣҪ侲򾲣¶ţĻǸͨԺ󣬵Ǽֵ鷳ˡ
¶һ˿ŵɫԼ龰Ͼ
ģ޴££ʲôɽŵģ
˵˵ɫϾ¶һ˿Թͨ͵ĵ
ԺᣬҲﲻܣȻѾߺӣҪӵй¶ȥ
ܹȫıܣⲻѣڲǰϵ˵
ٶȣǼҵĳºܿͻд顣
ʱϵĸԸ񣬿Ҳûϻˡ
뵽ԺǰˣϣϵˮȻЦ˵Ҫ£һһֱԵģôһ죬Ȣ
̧ͷð˵Ժһۣ֮ҡҡͷĿ˵ɣԼһûһӰŮԼҶκ;Ȫ֮µĹŽ
վԱ˵ĶԻЩþ⻹ûôأ˾Ϳʼˡ
λɫѾˣʲô˵ɡ
ԺϾѹǿĶЦЦȻҶķ˵˵ͷ֮󣬾ͽ쵽ԱߵһƧС
طǰƽլĵط֪ҹɷ񣿡
һӣȻ󣬵װλǾԱһϻһС
ǽϻһľƵܣŸֵ鼮
ﻹ£ҹҾڴ˵Ⱥ򡣡
Ժ⣬΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻ͹ǡ
ԺѾûʲô˵ˡ
Ժ뿪һһѾߴʳУ
ȻֻĲһķǳһһƣǸӷϴġ
Ѿ֮󣬾ϥڴϿʼϸϸƷͬʱȴͨǰ
˵ʱϵķ֮УѾһϯҲǴ룬ڴǰĬĬĵȴ
ʱͻȻһӰȻ롣
ϼˣһΪӲˣǰǸͨ
ͨ񲻵ԼˣһţЩ˶һεӣװģÿ˰ӡ
ǸͨϾȻ˾ĵ˵ͷһѾˣԼʲô鷳ˡ
ͨת˵磬磬Աƣλһۡ
˵֮ͨͰõͨ§ھϯ㡣
ҲǺԣǾͿʼƱյ
ϱͨ§ţЩ˼ȴûֻͣ΢΢һЦͨһƣȻ˵๫ԾƣҿŵЩˣ֧ҲܳԵþˡ
ͨͰڰ֣ϸϿȥ졣
վ˸򸣣Ȼ˳䣬ֱߣ׼ȥˡ
һᣬڼֻ򣬰յͨ͸
ͨɵõ˵ͷ͵˵ܵ
һͨ׵ҲЦ˵Ȼǵ¹ˣղŵƹҰһƬͨ͸֪ĵǺø
˵Ļоŵһ£ѵ⼸ҪһԼ
뵽ʱϾЩżˣԼѾ˰ţô
ʱѾԱߵ￴һһƬƻ֪ͨѾԼźţͨѾˡ
Ѿ׼ųȥˣ͵ķڴ¾ȻֻЩ㶡
ղǺԼˣҪͨˣ͵һֻźţôڴֻ
Դ޳ɣӱñǰˣ˼һתϾϵ˼
ѵﲢֻһͨ񣬻֣
뵽֮Ͳˡ
ΪҲɵͨʵ뵱ոʱͨ˵ͨ
Ҫ㻹Щ¾ͻˡ
ʵҲЩԷƱˣڵʱֻһţһ˿ûеļٵʿ
Ѿ޳ɽ𵤣ϾҪɾ͵ɵˡ
ڵ㱾ŰȫĿǣĬĬ˻˷䡣
Լȥһ֣ԼܰǴܣҲòסеһˡ
ԵƬ̣ǻ᲻мϯʱԼֻҪԸһҲܹԲȫ
ϲ֪뷨ͨԱߣ˼ͣתǿźͨʹ䲻
һپһֱȵ˰ҹϵ˲һվ˵ϲ˶ǣӦø߶ɡɣҴء
֮˾͸Թ˵Ͳĵܺˡ
˵֮͸뿪ˣ˴ʱһ
ͨһֱͳ˴ţŻסţϵǰ§ҪԷ
ϼ龰д󼱣ǿ۾һתһ취ȻЦ˵ȻҪЪôƹ̫ˣȥ֧򡣡
ͨЦһ£ϵ˵Ǻˡ
Ҳװģ״ͷ
ãȻִˣǾȥ򡣡
⻰дϲ̧ͷͨһЦȻͰͨĸ첲򴰿ȥ
˴֮ɫĴ˴ֻ̨ڴֻ̨һֻȼգ˸ŰĹâ
ԱߵСһֱйͻȻߵ򰵵Ͼ֪ϸźţӦˣȻôͲٵʱ
͵ĴܳϵԷǰ͵̧žͽ˿
һĴŶ
ôĶϾͰԷеͨˡ
תͷһֻſվһʿڵĽˡ
һ»ʲô׵ģһҵˣ˵ʿǰԼ
ͨԼУҲ£Цӯӯеָ˵Сʿ֪ߵغʶȤĸϿȥٸүүȥүȲ衣
ͨƣҲֱӾ̧֣ͨ˼ס
ͨû뵽ĵʿȻǸޣһ׷һûз״˸ʵ
ֻһâ˸ȵڰʱǸͨѾ¿ͷ
Աߵϼͨӣŵվ˵ڵء
ԭΣһЦ
ҵʲôɾԭͷ¿ӡ


335 ̽
¿ӵͨ񣬳׵ŭˣֽһϾͿʼð˻̡
㺦жæק˳˷Ժ
˰ҲǸͨܳһ£ϾˣӦ֪Լ֣ʹ˸۷ˡ
뵽֮㲻ҵ½ӣһһ磬д˳ȥܿͽеĻȫɢ
ȵɢ֮ڷѾûǸͨӰӡ
ͨȻˡ
ɲãԼ֮ͨҵˣôԼǸ鷳
ԺôңߺܿҲ죬ʱԺѾżҶԺ֮С
ԺеǰľԼӣͷվȣܵ˷ǳľš
ԺæǰȥסӣȻСʵôˣֽסûУ
ˣǸˡ
ڵȻûг׵ѹɷʻֻǷ˵仰
Ժϵӣ֪Щ־壬æһ֣׳ǰϷסȻ󵽱ԺϢȥˡ
ʱҲϵԷ˳Ժæǰȥʵʲô
ƶΪͨЩ£ӦûҴսһû뵽ôСֻܴʹ˸۷ˡ
Ժһ⻰Щˣʿǲͨ񣬶ֻͨ˼ңͨҪǿô죿
ԺһѾץס䣬˵ҼҶסգȵ߲ͨ١
ذԺ֣Ȼ˵ʩصģͨΪʩ󻼣ƶǲ뿪ġ
ԺһȻŶ˼˵ղʧˣҪ֡
ԺʹԱߵһСԺ֮УʱİٴϢһҹ
ڶ죬ԺľԺǰҲţǹվֱͣŲŷ
ʩʲôʱģôҲŻһ
ҴŵϢԵƬҲûʲôϵ
ԷĹҲһϲ
ЦĽԺԼķ֮УȻ£֮ȻѾ衣
Ժһڲ֮СʵǸô
ʩصģƶѾȫ֮ߣȻ⼸ȫס
󡣡
һڲ裬Ȼֵ˵Ҳûʲô˵Ǹ¿һʲôⶫһһǣʱһôֻҪָһһǣҾͿԽһ򾡡
Ժ֮һ£취ǿʵУǿи⣬⼸֣أֻʲôۡ
ԺҲûеžͰ취ʱһԣ˸ãҪǲʿ취
ԺǷЦ˵һо鷳ˣ֪ʲôʱ
Ŀ˿Ժ룬Լ˵˸취Էʹϣ漱ˡ
Ȼʩżɣвһ£Էʲôȡ֮ڰ
ãлˡ
ԺϾֺһ䣬ܼҽ
ԺĽк߽һɽӵˡ
˽ĵЦݡ
үѽ
ԺҲֻĵһͷȻת˵ҵĹܼңӽ͸ŵʲôҪܷԸ
˵֮ԺתͷǸܼ˵һ£źʲôԸֻҪǼܹ쵽ģκѡ
ܼҹɵĵͷ˵үˣһ¡
Ըܼ֮Ժתͷ㹰һ֡
ӻ£Ͳˣ鷳ˡ
ʩعǫҼȻ;;ϡ
Ժĵ˵ͷȻ뿪ˡ
ܼҼ뿪Ҳֱӣ˸ղŵı΢ɫ
Щģûи鷳ֻȵ˸ղԺλ֮ϣ˵ʲô¾ܷԸɡ
ܼ˵ʱʮֵƽȸղԺ뻹Ҫɡ
ֵĿܼһۣܼȲӦòͨˣôСطһͨǮ˵Ĺܼҡ
˼ҵ飬Լûʲôϵعڵ̽
ߣȥ˵ԷǸʲô
˵֮󣬾͵վȥǸܼҲæţ˳תһȦԺ
ﻹӣ壬Ӱ
ܼ˵飬ѾߺǶˡ
ͷֱ֮ϵԷ
Էȥֻⷿڻӣһϯӣܼ˵ûһӺѾ߸ʰ
վڵۣӿʼɨ衣
ͻȻԷͷ֮Уһطð
㼱æǰȥϸһԭһëڴͷ
֣ëõǰϸһȻЦˡ
ΪҪѶٹû뵽Լ
ͨΣ꣬ӦЩͨһѰ˿ӦǱȽѵġ
û뵽ⴲǰȻͨë
һͨë䣬Ҳ飬ǶѾ޳ɵͨ˵ȴǷǳ©
ͨҲ⣬ǶЩгɵ˵ë͵ڸ˹ԼŻ
ԱվŵܼңһëŵЦݣǸϽȥȤ˵ëѵͨ𣿡
ӦֵģĻҲڷ˵Ĵϡ
˵ʱͻȻԼЩˣǸæס졣
ܼҺûŻ֮⣬ʵƾһССëסǸ𣿡
ŵػش˻ƶֺϷ˵һëùĿӣƶҲô
֮ôţΪѾ޳˽𵤣ѾҪԭñ˵ϵĳֲܹʩչ
ڵֻҪǲ׽סԷһϢܹƾϢֵĻǡ
жԷĳ֣ͷͷָסѪ֮ĶһЩ
ҲܼԼУȻīʼдһ嵥Ȼݵܼҵǰ
嵥ϵĶǰȥ׼ҾͿ̳
ܼҽӹ嵥۾һɨ˵ͷ
ģǰһѶ룬¡


336 Ѫ
ܼ뿪֮һڴϣ۾֮У֪ʲô
˺һѹȻҧгݵ˵ѭײˡ
ԭղһֱڻţոʱա
ʱ˫Ѿ˴н飬ĻҲԺ롣
ù緹ܼ֮ұ
ԽУȻ
׼ôˡ
ܼŵһЦȻӻȡ嵥
ҲеĶѾ׼ˣ͵ŵ
ӹ嵥۾һɨÿҪĶԱߣһɫıǡ
˵úɫǵ׼ȫġ
Ǿ²˳٣ھǰȥ跨̳
ܼҺ͵仰ˣվǰ߸·
Ժʱ򣬷ѾվʮСˣǸϴһľģװŲٶ
ܼǰһЩ˵ǰ˵ҪĶˣʲô©
˵֮һ֣ЩС̾ʹľУĶ˳
ǰһʼһľһľеĹ۲죬ʱȥĶ
һ̧ͷܼ˵лӦǿõġ
ܼ΢΢¶ЦݣͬʱҲһЩԺ
ô̵ʱ֮ھͽЩȫǷһЩġ
ʹ˽Ժ֮ҲԷֻԺص˼ͣ½Ų˵طǰ󡣡
һС˾ǰнӹӣȻԺУһץץһѳ
Ȼ㿪ʼԺаһĹɣеĳ˵ϡ
ЩɫĳԺΧһĥ͸ĲĻΡ
һǰеĺץһ
ⶫԵģһߡ
һ뿪˺ӣץУͿʼſ˴죬
ץ7磬εҲ޷˺һ˿һ
Ӷ̾ͳһСֻ䣬ߵͷ­ͱն£žһѪӲ˳㲻ҵæּѪʼԺӵп˷䡣
һܹͶһߡ
ִ֮ӱĺȡһ˿飬ʮʮɷ󣬲ԺС
ԺӵĬ
֮һεĹȻӵԺӵеЩѪ֮С
кְһεǹҲԺеЩ֮ϣܿû
֮վĳһ
֮ô鷳Ϊ֪һԼԸͨ񰡡
аѾһԼǷǳģһǰ¾ҪЩ
Ŵ£Ժвһ
ǵһش󣬽Ѫ
Ѫһ£Ѱ٣ǬӿаѪ˸֮Ǭ󣡵ߵ£
Ҫʩչ󷨣ҪĲ̫Ϊ⣬Ҳ
ټҪԸ⼸СаҲòȫѪŶѪ˼򻯣ԺвԼС󷨡
Ҳ̥ѪȻûԭȷҪסСаֵ
֮˳ǽԷ
һȻмһϱǸʹƷԼʹõľ
ܼһһȽϿ׵ģҪõķѾ׼ˡ
ܼҸЦʵȱʲô˰ɣ
׼ķǳȫƶͿˡ
˵ܼ֮˵լ֮⣬լֻһˡ
̽ʼڷ̳ǰʩչ
ǽǸͨë˳Ȼһŷֽùڷ̳ǰ
̤֮ľΧŹʼͣߣÿһ̤Ź̶ķλӦŲͣǳ
˺һ»ص̳˷ʣٵд˼ŷ䣬ȻֱӾϵȼȻһ
Żûȫȼȫķ䣬ͻȻ֮仯磬֮˳ŷƮ˳ȥܿͲӰ
ϥڷ̳ĬĬĵȴһʱ䣬ͻȻվһķ̳ſ
飬飬Ӱ붫̳ǰϷ̳ǰ̳ǰ̳ǰһ뵽̳ǰԻͯͯɣɢּţնǣܻ׽ɢ䲻óɢ飬̫Ͼ
꣬ķ̳ʼɢһϢ
ϢĳһʼĺӦһһһ
Ϣ£֮һɽһͻȻĴһ֮Ͳʡ¡
ԭ˲ˣͨеɡ
ʱɴ˳֮һ·о˰ɽ֮Уļֵᡣ
ļͨǱǳЦһŲʽ
̾һȻ˵ϱҪһΣû뵽ԼҲʶ̧٣ȻһʿžҵĺΡ
һϳ˵ͷһ£ȻʵҪ˵ıҲôᱻһСʿߡ
СʿֲȻ׷״ԭΣҺǵʿʲôֶΣʱߡ
ʱһ׶ͻȻ˵ĸ磬Ȼֵһ֣Сʿˣʡİۡ
˲ӦֻǶ̧ۿղǸʻϳɵˡ
һ£Ȼ˵Ҫ˵ЩŽӡһؼȻˣǾͲܹ׵ߣȻĻȥΪͨ˱ˡ
׶ˣ⻰޵˵ĶԣҪÿʿ£ǻˡ
Ǳˣ΢΢һЦȻ˵Ϣһ£񣬵ȵǳԺһ٣Ͼȥǵʿ鷳
һȽˣ̾һǻЩ׼㣬Ҫ֪ʿֻë֮࣬ǾͲ鷳ˡ
ԷĻεҡҡͷЩʿƽôܰ͸¶ȥ˵Щ϶ЩôԼë䡣
ɵһ仰ͻȻǸϳǵˡ
ģȥǸԼ˻˼ˣûʲôѱ
һ㶣ȻɫЩÿ
ɱ룬ǰʱֻ˵ÿˣûעЩ׼ë


337 
Ǹ֮۾Ȼ˵Ȼ˵ǵʿ׷ôӦǸбµģҪëԴ
ǸҲûжٽţЦ˵ǵʿжٵУҲбܶҡҵꡣ
Ǹ֮ҡҡͷȻ˵СΪ
粻صģҵڣҾͲı£ܹҵ
˼һ£ֻǿĵͷ˵Ҳֻˣֵʱ򲻿飬һԷץסɵİѱҪˣǿɾ鷳ˡ
ļ֮ͨҲĵͷǾͲˡ
ڵڶ磬ΧһʯȾƣ͵ɫŰǰȥҶԷĻ
ںȾƵɣͻȻĴһԲѡ
һ¿ɰļͨһرǸɿһʹܵɵԱߡ
һָֻɵüġ
˺ðջָȻĬɵͷһġ
ɱԺ۾ΧΧļֵɻʵǸʲôΧʲô
ǽûȱ˻شɾֱ۾˯ȥˡ
ļͨ龰һ
Ǽǹ߻˻ǵģһɵӣ֪һһѾ˾ߡ
ô죿
Ǵɳ˼һ£Ȼսȭͷ˵һزСģëǸʿ˿ɳ֮
һˣʱͻȻĿԵ磬ȻˣھͶǰȥǵʿĵܵĻ
ûô򵥣ȻǸʿ֪ͨ񣬻Ȼȫ׼ڹȥ»Ͷ
ļﶼʼóȻ˵ĺǼֵˣΪԼûԸ⡣
Ǹɫ۾һתͻȻ˰취
磬ҷֳһ긽ĵϣǰȥǵʿ鷳ҪܹɹȻǺãҪǲɹҲǰǼҲûʲô˺
֮ͨ۾ǻ࿴˿ĵͷ
϶˵ǣĻҲûֵܡ
ãͰ϶İ취졣
ɵһ£ļͨ̿ʼжһ˽ɵȻϥ˵ء
Ƕɵһָֻɵͷϡ
һǶϺðһ̣˳ָһӾûɵͷ­֮ڡ
˺ð죬ͻȻ۾ȻЦŶԱߵļֵ˵λﰲȥǵʿʲô¡
ԭʱģѾǸͨ϶
ֻվҡҡɵ壬ȻͻȻ֮ͻһɻ̣Ȼɢȥ
̿ƮƮģٶȺʵ磬һʱ֮ѾԺԺС
Ժ֮ԺӾĵĺûһ
龰ɾ֪ãȻʿʲôǲɢˡ
ȻѾˣҪʿʲôͨ
ҲɣԦɵ廯̣һ˺լ
ںլǽ϶¹ۿûзʲôǲ֪ô겻ͣʾǰޱȡ
Ҫ֪Щ޵֮˼ȻѾ޳꣬ôĸӦּһ㣬ƾĸооһ˿仯Բܹס
Ƕüͷվǽϣ춼û
Ѿֵĵ
ʵ̫ˣվǽϸͲԺС
ôУҪһֱվԼõѪ󣬲ǳ˰衣
߳˷䣬վǽϵǸ˵ҵ˭ˣԭ¿
վǽϣĻһֻŭ
ⲢǶɱǱڵɱ־֡
ɵתǿеһνɵĲлѹڣȻЦŶ˵ʿֵܺԩ޳ΪʲôҪԤǵĺ£
վ±ŶɵĻһҪ֪Ǿɵһһǡ
֮£һǻ˯ǿֵѣҲ˼ά
ѵʲôֶΣ
뵽֮ҲʼҪ֪ܶԿԼ֣¹ҲԼ
ȻѾǱȻǷƵ
Ǽ֣ȻгɣӦɽǱ޵Աһյóô˼Ϊ
˵仰֮ҲٺϻֱӾȡľſ
񣬵ػ׽飬ؾ
Ȼһ֣һͳġ
ֻǰһе磬ֱǽϵɶȥ
Ķ֪꣬ó׷һֱСء
ʱԷһֱԼҲҵֻ͵һͻһɻ̣ڻ֮ϣֻǽһ¡
ȵ׵ûǻ¾ۼһֻɵ塣
׷ЩõģȻ»ָԭ״ɫȴЩ԰ףղһҲǺܵġ
±һԼ׷ãǱӶķųס
ǽϵǸɿɲҼ㶵ıˣֻạ̊́ǽϲͣߣһ׵硣
ҲǸʱİ취Ҫ֪׿ޱȣܵٿб򵽵ʱ
ȻǶһСģǱ˸š
һɴֳΣѾһ˿Ѫ
ɿЩˣԼҪھôߣбԷŵʱ
뵽ʱ򣬶ҧ͵ľԺȥ
뷨ΪǿʿתʱԼȰ⵹ǳˡ
վſڵ㣬ԺУϾ¶һ˿ײ΢Ц
ֹȻǱԼƼˡ
ɵϮҲףֻһˣ˵С
˷̳ǰľԺѪһָ
ĶѪͻȻķų˵̹⣬̹ڰ֮лһצ
ԺеǸɼ龰ǴʧɫԼǧ㻹ʿĹƣС
ҲǳصģԼУ֪Ҫ봳ȥҲôףҲĶˣϥҧԼʳָԼĶͷһķš
ŵĳ֣㷨̳һһǵǸֽӣͻȻĿʼ
ûе㷴ӦֽӾ;ͻɳһ̹⣬Ƕɵϡ
ͻȻ֮䣬Ƕɵһ˵ô£ôҵڣ
˵Щϻˣѵ㻹ڵһʩչ󣬵Ȼȥ˵


338 
ͨɵ壬϶꣬һʼ˹
ֻԶԸЮһѪζӿ˵֮ϡ
ֻɵ壬ھȻ鸡ڰ֮УϷų
ЩۣЩɢң̺ԸȴѪų⿪
ڷ̳ǰҲЩգղԼһʱ죬ȻǸͨȥɵꡣ
ܿͷӦֻȡľ⡣
õģܹ׷Ѫܹô
ֻ㽫ľ߸ߵйͷȻ
巽ʹ顣Ƽ̳ԾΪǲȥа뷡
֮Ĺʼ㼯γȵҲһɹʼӳ֡
СԺϷʼ㼯һŵĺɫ
Щɫ֮Уʱһֺ֮ܿû䲻ͣ˸ĹâҲ֪ŶǺǵġ
СԺеѪϵ֮ЩߵҲʼ
ʱһ͵ϴȥҪ֮к绽һ
ЩߵֻһЩõӰֻӵһʶô޷Ѫ
еǸ֪ͨãǸʿóɱﵣҪԼֵء
֮лһ֪ʱأǱʩչɱﵡ
ǸɣΪõ壬ʩչΪԲ
ֻϥԣһһλһŻʼĴҴܣҪ
һǰҲģһǸɾƾӳԼġ
׼ֻ趯ľ趯һѪеЩߣÿһηιŻŻ̶һ֡
̣ۿžҪ͸ʱҵĺһķһʼӡ
Ӱһʼ֮ϡ
ٽôӶľ۶ô޷ҡһ˿һ
޷
ΪŻÿһҪӽıԵܻһ赲ǵǰ·ϣһӽ̳С
ûκε˺ʵȻǴŹÿһγڻϣǸͨһξҵĥ
ǻȻ٣Ƕȴ
ֹһǻ̵ĺһηųһһûӣֱա
һضԷųܿľʧ˿ռ֮УǴûгֹһ
վڷ̳󣬶ԶԷһξٶЩĪ֪ԷҪʲôΪʲôҪװ׵˷Լڵͨ
˲һ֮档
ľеԣľĽмĻһָ
Ѫһؿɺǰֻͬзų˶ĺ⣬ЩѪ۳һĴһ
ź֣еẒ̇䣬Ǳһʼҵķڡ
ֻǼʱ䣬Ż̾Ϳʼǻڵһٴλͨɵ
ɿЩǱ¶ദĲͣѪ·Ѿò
ɵĳ֣΢΢һЦٴοз䣬ߵһ֧֧·ɳ۶ȥֱеɡ
һͨ񣬿ǾЩΣˣһ
绹֣ʱ
һţɵڣӳһ־־˰֮УʧͿռΪһ塣
ȴЩȻǿϵĶ⣬ʼһŵ¡
ûһźɵ֮ϣɵͱһ֡
ȵź£Ѿûκεķֻ֮
Դ˺ԤϣڶԷж֮ϵһŵɵҲʼһ¡
Щһµٶȴ࣬߰ĸǾͿʼΧɵ忪ʼת
ÿһתʹһɹɵϡ
Ҳɵʲôˣȴ̲סʼ
ΪЩĹ޷˺ɵ壬ȴвɹˡ
ôȥûһʱ̣ɵͻᱻĥϡ
ʩĽҪĹͷ֮ͻȻĳһӢꡣ
ǸղûеĶɡ
ֻɵģһеɣȻͰĿͶϡ
ֻ΢΢һЦȻ͵ɢȥžʼɢΪһ塣
һ˸ղͨʩչȴԴսûκΰѵԼ
ԼøϿ춯֣ʡñԷΪǿ㿪ʼӽ䣬еҲʼԽԽ졣
ŴתٶȿʼҲʼķ۹ҲʼѾĥòˡ
ΪһشҪɵʱǰжЮʼ͵ȼ֮ȼĻ˴֮ϡ
Ҳ֪ʲô棬ȻһӾͽĴȫĴ͸
еЩ⣬һһգ̾ͻ̣ʧ
ڰߵһգҲʼۿžҪӰ
һؿЩˣۿžҪһͨҪöԷ˻ˣǺ
ҲˣֱӾʹӻȥǷͷΡ
ֻһףһһֻɵķˣ˰֮С
һ־˷ܵĽ˼Ȼ׼ֱĻȥ
ʱŻѾɵ֮ϣɵ꣬ȻҪĥɣǻվȻƾĸ壬ʼⴳȥ
ۿɵ壬ҪѪĿƷΧԺſڡ
ʱǿеķҲֻĻɵһɨ
ǱĻ棬һӾʧ
ƾԼͻ˵ĸӦѾ֪͸ղôһ£ǻѾȫƿĻ棬Ҳ֪ǰ
ԭǶɵһƲл꣬ȻԼʶƾֵܸղͷŵеǿoеĻ档
Ļǻ֮Щ涼ܱȫƿأҪӳС
汻գ˻˵ܣңЩɵĻ֮к޵ʶû˵һ֡
ǻ֮һڿն𣬷ɵ˰֮С
û˻Ļ֣ѪһηһõʼһΧɵתųĥꡣ


339 ɽ
ڰ֮ɽ֮УϥĶͻȻĴһˣһѪ
ļͨæǰеͳ˵ҩι˶ɵĿУеֵסĺ󱳣ʼùΪˡ
һǶɫһЩ
ͨϴʱ߹϶ʵô£ղҸоһͻȻˡ
磬ǸʿȻǺñ£֪ʲôȻĻȥҸϵҲȫıɢ
ͨϴʱüͷһ壬Ȼ˵ȻʿǲҪǣڸϽ뿪طʡһǵʿ׷ˡ
ϴĻһ䣬ͨȴЩˡ
ĸ绹ǸʿҪǾôˣĸ粻𣿡
ߣʲôʱ˻ģȱסԼ˵ɡ
֮۾ȥȻͻȻĴһǵʿʲô£ֵҪһǰȥҾͲͷۡ
һֱû˵Ͻǰĺ󱳣£׼û
ȴ飬˵ЩҲûãֵ̰ܵꡣ
ͨϴҲ̲סˣŭһзų⣬⺮һֱࡣ
һУһ͵˵ϡ
龰ϽصǰŴľϹ
磬ֻһʱߣ㣬̧һء
ϴ̾һȻ˵Ҫ֪Ƣ꣬ղһ¾ͲֻǷסˡ
϶⻰һ
ϾۿľͻزˣҪڱϴˣôͨɾЩƵˡ
طϻˣ̧壬϶㻹߰ɣ
϶΢΢ĵ˵ͷˣѲҡ
ȻҪˣھ뿪
⼸ͨʩչ֮һܣ˼ֱԶȥ
˵һĻ֮󣬿ʼôͨĥɵꡣ
ڵ϶ڲͣתĹ򣬸ûʲôӦˣҲʼŤ󻯳һֻС¿ģ
һξ֪ˣǷľ⣬ӻȡ˿ǻԭεɵһӡ
ſĳ֣ɵ֮ϾƮһӰ
ӰЩ죬°Σͷ­ȴһ¿ͷ
ⶫԵģɵꡣ
ɵĻǱѪ֢һֱĥѾûʲô־ˣſĻӶҲ֪Ȼô˿֮С
ٴλӶǿһķڣɵһǰ
ҲΪ겻ȫԵʣɵ꣬ȻǹĹǰǱȴʮֵľګ
ԴҲû⣬ֻǿʵղڵǸ˭
ɵʻľګĻش𣺡ҵĶ硣
⸽ͨļλ
ֵܼڸһɽҵĴͳ졣
֮üͷҪ⼸ͨˣڰʱʱĹעԼԼҲô
뵽֮ҧҧ͵еǻһ֡
ֻһ˲ĸ֮ŲԴ
ȻǻɻɣǶûκ˺Ƶġ
Ȼ˵һŵĻŻ˵ĶϣЩ־ľ飬ֻ˼¾»ص˵ڡ
ڻˣһһĻС
㽫ŻԼţ֮¶Цݡ
һıĽʣǱɽȻʶɵǰ
һǱɽ̾һеεζ֮󣬺׼һֱԶȥ
վĿⶢԶȥķɽɫ࣬ʵһѾڷɽ֮ϡ
˵Ѿߵͨ񻯳ɵ̣ڲͣԶɳۡ
ɳϰľ룬ΪûʲôˣһСɽ֮ϡ
ɢȥǰĸӢˡ
һص˳ĳһȻļֵ˵ôԶǸʿӦ׷ˣһƽˡ
ͨ϶ڵ֮ϾϥڵϿʼϢϾոһ꣬ûȫĻָ˶ӵôԶȷʵЩ
ǸҲܷ˵ϣȻԴ˵ĵѵûʲôϣ𣿡
ͨϴĬ˰죬Ȼŵͳ˵Ще˶Ūĸ֣ڶԷУǻеĺã֮ߣΪ֪ǵŴһǵʿˣǿһӲˡ
ʱϥڵϵ϶ȴһ˵ǿδء
϶ʲô˵
ɼ϶Լûѯ
ǸʿղסҵʱҲʹ˴󣬿ɼĹûжߣֵһ֣ҲܶǵʿĽ𵤣ɵҩǹ
ͨϴ⻰ҡҡͷȻ˵㻹Ǽʶǳ֪ߵغ񡣡
˵ʱͨĴѾЩ룬뵽ʲôһ
ܿѹļͨ˵Щĵʿ߻أ˼ȻҺԣȻʲôɱﵣ
ͨ϶࿴˿¶˻ɵɫ
ʱͻȻһ⣬⼫ǣֻһգ۵ĹǼǰ
ͨ϶ûзӦ
ͨϴȺ˵ĿףǺ⵽һ˲䣬˷
ֻһУǺһһɵֱǣĺȥ
ǣող֮ϣ̾ͻƬ˵ϡ
ôһգ۵ĹͨϴѾǷĵʲô
ԭϮǵģһķɽ
ɽƽƽ棬ûҫĹâ֮ʼ
ôһۣϴ֪ɽǺģҲֵˣԱһ񣬾û֮С
ʱ϶ŷӦѾˡ
Ǳɽ϶ͷ­ȥˡ
ֻòҽһͨ϶ͻһֻС˵ϣҲûϢ
ͨһ˲͵Աߵдȥžһŵ
ɲ̻̣ͨһ˿˿ѪԼȳζĶ
ѹ׵ͨͨҲ֪¡
ԭֵͨƣʵÿһ˶һ֣ͻȻ֣Լڵ
ɴȳζḷֶ́Ρ


340 ©
ͨẓ́ɼ˵ľѪȻͨɣ˵ķ
ΣʱȻǼᶨʹűҪķɽ
һص̿Ǵˣɽ֮ϺûκεĹҫȴһεĲɢ
ɽ뵽֮УǺ̿ʼڷɽĸҪɽڲȾķ
Щ̻ûнӴɽı壬ͱһ
ֻǸڷɽĸŷɽǰɳۣȴ޷˺һ˿
ʩչķǰװ׵˷ˣûжķɽκεв
ǷɽٵĸŴĺһ
֧ɽ֮ϻЮųḷ́ɽ壬ǺҲͨڡ
Ǻȷʵһڣ̾һʴ壬ҽжûüͻһŵĻҽ
֧Ƶķɽڳ֮ڰ֮ת˼Ȧ
Ȼ׼ǸȻԲѵͨ壬ɳ۶ȥ
ҲǵùԼĴŪûԲѣĻᶼûУһӾȪ
ڳ⼸֮󣬲û̵ļԦɽ뿪
Ϊƾŷɽоָһš
һ£Լ֮еͨģֳʬ壬ôͨѾĸֻʣһڸǱء
ĳ񾡵̣ԼԦķɽڸش󣬾ҪƾŷɽоֶԷǱصĵط
ǸͨϴʵѾһʯ뵽˵
ʱѾֻڴصһѡ
ǣȻѾԼϢȫأȻһ˿˿֮ܿӡ
Ҳûа취飬ϾôأҲ޷ȫĽԼȫ£
һˣǷ˭Ԧɽ̫ôһ˿˿ɽˡ
Ԧɽڰ֮εǺҵΪڲͣ̽ܣεķΧԽԽСĴ·ΧѾ̽鵽ˡ
֮еǴɣҲовٽͨҲЩͨڷΣٽ֮󣬱ȡ䱣ֶΡ
ֻڴʯһ˼£žһѪʯϵ
Ѫһ뿪ʯͺһһʼԶͣ䶯
зеķɽϾ͸оĶɽ͵̶ֱ
ɽڴ֮ϣزһڵϻһĿӣֱѪڵķ
ЩȻ˵ͣǰ䶯ٶȷʵǲ죬û߳׵ľͱɽС
Ѫ⻹һҽ֮ͻһŵĻҽ
ɽڳѪ֮뿪˵أɵ˰֮УȻ뿪ˡ
ŹһʱֻһķڣŴɳһ
ֻڰһξ˵ϣ»һΡ
ǳǱ˵ѾӰ
˲ˣͨϴ
λǻ֣̿ǱɽԶȥķɪɪ
ղҪԼ飬չԼһֻ۾ԼϢƭǰѱԼѾͼֵһˡ
ڶһ˿ԹޣֻĿ־塣
λľǸϿ뿪طʿԽԶԽá
뵽Ҳٵ飬͵һȻ󻯳һ̣Զɳ۶ȥ
˵㣬վ۾Զʵһֱŷɽһɳۡ
˺ð죬зһź⣬Ǻһ˲㱳Ľ֮УҲѵĹ
ĳһȻ¶΢ЦһԼǳˣͨǳˡ
ĬƣҪԼǰǸͨĵ꣬Ҳûɢ
ƸҪӴ꣬ȴͣ۾һ룬ͻȻ¶һ˿΢Ц
ͨɵѾ꣬ͽ
ЩͽһʷǳԴԼɲ˷ˡ
뵽ʱ۾һת⡣
ͨаԼʩչ䣬ͨķΪ
ǸʱͨռİԸɵͶԼ֮ڱҪʱܹԼİܾ֡
뵽ɢȥԼֵĵâ֮һץͨץУ˿С
ҲˣϥԷ֮еԺ뽻
ڶɫոյķСԺӾ֮۾վԺ⣬򿪷һվԺҵԺ롣
Ժŵ㣬һ
һҹĶû˯۾Ѿͨ죬ڶոһ˿ɫʱͳѰ㣬鵽װûС
ڿ΢ЦվԼǰѾµ飬Ӧûʲôˡ
û׿˵Щģ˿ʵͨǷˣ
һףȻ˵ҲͨѾƶնڽ£Ӵ֮ʩԸǡ
ԺĻֻһɣжǧص
æܼҺ֪ͨˣѾûʲôˣԻطϢ
ֽӭ˻֮ڣ衣
л֣ǼҾҪˡ
ħұı֣ʩعڵ̧
ǫˣȻ¶˵ֻǾ֮ͣǶǼ˵ȴߵغĴ顣
ˣˡ
˵ʱͻȻܽһСѾߡ
СѾһͨһԺǰ˫ȣؽеүˣϵˡ
Ժ⻰һӾʹվ֮ҲˣֱӾ˦СѾȥ
ҲһüвõԤС
ЩӦҪ֪ڷ⽨ᣬŮڳ֮ǲ˵ķ⽨Ҳȥ
ڶϵҲԺĲԺȥ
ԺʱѾ޳һƬ
Ժһ龰˰ضѵԼķѾû
뵽ʱԺȦҲˣҲʼˣЩվסˡ
һѾͷסԺ룬Ȼ˵ʩϿȥôˡҲü
ԺĻǱһľȥˡ
ȴûнȥֻվߵϢ
ǾʱͻȻһŮƮƮĴ˳
һŮӾʧɫ


341 ޳
ԭŮӲˣԺϡ
Ҳ˲ˣֱǰֱ֣ϵĻץȥ
ҪץסϻǵʱһͻȻسֱúġ
ͻȻϮûзֱӴУȻڵϷͷ
ȵվϵĻѾסԶ
Զվ
һһۣ߹ɣЦճͷһñСһơ֣
һһֻۣߣһ࣬ñС̫ƽ֡
һӣ֪ǹˡ
ҲҵվĳȻҹ˹ʵλϲ˴θɡ
Ǹֻߵĺ޳ۣ˿㣬Ȼ˵˭˵
⻰Ѿ˵÷ǳˣǸ㣬ѵ
üȻͷ˵һ߲˵ˡ
⵹ڰ޳Ҫ֪Ѿ޳˽𵤣ɾɣƾڵı£ڰ޳Ȼ˵ǵظ񣬵Ҳǲġ
֮ãΪϺԼûжĹϵԼûбҪΪܵظ
Ǻڰ޳ﳾãҲΪʤֻϵĻǣͲĸʧ˰֮С
ȵ޳̧֮ͷ̾һ
ʱͻȻһ󰧺֮ԭϵĻǣ޳ߣ峹׵ûϢ
ҡҡͷ̾һ޳Ҳ˼أֻǻصԶǸԼСʱİЪ
ȵڶʱԸѾǰ׷һƬΪǵķ˲ٰɥ¡
Ϊ˵ԺȻæĲˣ˾ʱû˹˵㡣
㻹ŻϼأȻûⵢʱ䣬ֻǰȥԺǡ
һǰȥһԭǾԼѾˣԺ껹ûиԼǮ˺ôҲҪȥһ档
ҵԺ֮ԺֻſˣͲԱ߰ʾ˼飬ҲûЧ
ʵû˼ҰɥµʱǮ˼ֻǡ
һأԺ뻹ǷǳòģҪǣæԽͳ⣬Ȼĸл
ʵûиǮ˼Ҳֻҡҡͷת뿪ˡ
ȵԶ֮Ժ̧ͷ¶һ˿΢Ц
ԴȫĲ֪һһһʧС֮С
Ժȴ֪Ǯ֮󣬾һ˥֮ϡ
ĳͷ
Ҫ֪÷Ψһ
ԺǾ͵Ǻ͹ǷǮ͵Ƿ˹Ǯ
һ룬һǷǮһŲǻкý
иУŽ˥֮Ҫܻˡ
ǶԴһ֪Ժ뻹մմϲΪԼʡϴһǮơ
˵ԺĸϣСֱʮسǶȥ
һȥĿĵģΪľس֮ͨͨĵĻǡ
ƾĽʮľ룬ֻʱ㵽
سʱ磬һСƵ꣬׼ȥЩ緹Ȼڳͨ
ոսسǣسǵıԵһ㲻СƵ꣬ǰȻڴ֮һӡ
ոյ£Ск
λүõʲô
ƶЩիˡ
õĵүԵȡ
С˵֮͸ϽǰȥкСƵ꿴󣬵ϲٶȻͦģûһյĹǰͰ̲ˡ
СлȻһСƣͿʼ
ȵ˵ʱͻȻԱһ˽
㱾ǲ˵ģڹЩľͶ굽Ķ
һڻû¶𣿡
ʲôأͨˣôģҪڼ꣬ͨ˲ܹ֡
ʱ㻹Ϊ⣬Ϊźͨ񽻹֣ͨͨĵĻ֮⣬˶Ѿն
Ϊ˵һǰ飬֮ͨӦòһʲôˡ
±ߵĻȴ˸飬Ȼ˾
ϵҸɣҾסԱߣͨˣڵıƽ
ֲܰɣҿ˵ͨ񰲾˲٣ôͻȻֿʼˣ
˭֪أ
ڵȴüͷô£Լһ߸ոճͨ߾ͨѵʲô©֮㣿
ѽԼķɽȻ˵ǳѧէȴڣǧ֮ȡ˵׼Ҳƽôʧѽ
ԱЩ˵ĻֲǼٻѵԼĳ©©
뵽ʱЩסˣæϯߵԱһЩ˵Աߣ˴һס
𣬶λʩƶˡ
ڳԾƵ˼һʿҲҵϽվ
֮еһ˾Ҳϯϡ
ҪлҪ˵Ҳûѡ
֮˵λʩղЩʧС˶λ̸
ضҲ˵ˣŵ˵
ʩҸղ˵ͨģ
һʹĻ˵ͷȻ˵ˣľҼҵھСֱͨԣֵ÷ǳǼȮ
֮üںӵ°ͣȻ˵ôֵģ
ǺǣϿأͨǳķ꣬һȥСҾͿʼˤ˺˵СҲһ٣һĻ֪ôء
ֵ֮һλô֪ôѵԱ߿
Ǹеı㿴Щ˼ˣͷ˵ԴСͨҾͺ²ҼңͨһҾǽͷ֮䡣
֮ҡҡͷͿЩǣǿӦ˰ԵһֱעھӼҵ顣
ûϵûбҪѿǽʵ֪СںδܷΪ
ĪҪħ
ƶЩֶΣ֪ͨΣȻ˾ͲԹۡ
ʹĻûбֳӣһĵ˵ɹţҪ֪ͨڸѾˣеǵʿǰȥÿһζ޹еɥ
лʩĹģƶʻЩֶΣǰҲЩͨ񽻹֣Ҳܹǣʩعڵĵġ
ǸĻ´һ£Ȼ˵ûֶΣĻСӦոˡ


342 ©֮
˵֮Ǹʹ̾͸˾ˣǰСļ
˳سǵĽֵһС֮УȻǰ˼ףǿһľۼ
СļҲʮֵĺңЩͨľ֮УӦǱȽϸԣģլӱȱ˴һЩĴС
Ǹ˴ţ⴦լӵĴǰʹŻ
С쿪ţҵĺµˡ
˰죬Ǵ֨ѽһˣ̽һˡ
ȻĲɫʮֵĻҰʲôѡ
˿ſվھ壬һʿ
ʲô𣿡
Сҵ飬˽ķ
˵֮Աбб㣬Ȼ˵λ֪ұͨ˵صǰħϿȥ
֪ˣĻ̾ͷ
ͲСˣ˵˵ʲô˭ұͨԣ
⻰뷴ͻȻĺʶʲôæס죬Ȼڨڨվһߡ
ڸϽǰһһףȻ˵λʩƶ³çʩ¡
ǸСɫ߳㻹һȻ˵ضʲô뵱潲
㱾Ҫ˵ǿ˿Ľϣס˿ڡ
ǸСҲ֪ﲻ˵ĵطֻǲ˲ӭլеĿ֮С
ȵСһοڡ
ȻѾѻ˵ˣҾҲˣҼҷȷʵǱͨԣҰûֻǲ֪ǴõϢ
˽֮󣬻þ塣
Ѿ˿ͨ죬ͷǰĲˮҿһ
ΣϽĲ廰ʩʵƶǰʱͨ񽻹֣ΪѾͨôʩƶЩԾ̽ʡ
С֮ǳһȻòƵ㡣
㱻ķ޳ֵʵû취ˣôˣҾһ䣬õ
СҲ֪ԼǿеƽϢһԼ顣
˵ͨŭǴҶģԭڵϳ˿
⻰üͷĸˣѵ©֮㣿ӦѽԷʲôֶΣȻܶùԼķɽ
Ǹ˼˵ܹҼҳͨΪһΪ𡣡
˵ֱ֮լһͱһľ˿
ľ͵ǰȻԴ򿪣̧ͷһԭֻһͭԲȦ
㿴ͭȦûʲôϡģǶԷȻ˵ǱӦʲôض֮
ۣͭȦȥ
֮£ͭȦȻûκεҲûиֵ֡
Щͷԣ̧ͷɻһ£С˼˵һ
СɻӣΪʶ˽˵ⶫɲǷϰһλɣصش͸Ҽȵģ˵ԵܹͭȦİأܹɵõ
˶ԷĻӵɻˣѵԼˣһ۹ա
ķ֮£ǸͭȦȻûκεı仯Ӧһ
СľǱƣȻ˵ֻҪܽҼҵΣⶫˡ
˵⻰ʱС͸Ųᣬⶫʮġ
㰵ƳƳ죬⸽ôôģ
˵ǰǸԺԼƴƴĽͨ񣬽ԼסһûԼһ١
ǰҲ࣬þȻһͭԼˡ
ԼһزΪǮƶֻҪͨʡøԼ»ˡ
ǿЦ˵ȻʩĿƶ͹ˡ
СĻǴϲ
ýͨ񻹻ʩͨˣ
ãȻ粻ɣôƶ׼һ侲ңȵϵʱͨˣƶͶ֡
С֮ϴϲ̾ͳȥ㰲š
ԱߵѾˣҪǣո߳ȥһͱץס
屻ֵһ㶣Ǹʲô
ʩƶһ
Ҽл£ûʱﵢ顣
˵֮㣬ֽץô޷ѷֺ
ʩҪ˿û೤ʱ䣬سǵ˶֪ƶҪԻʩƶҲȵʱƶȻʩͻؼҡ
ĻһȻЩͷɥ
һı飬֪һųȥ֮ҫһ
Լ⶯ǶˣҪȥˣǲˡ
ʱǸСѾź÷½˿һץ֣Щƶ
һͣСǻȻȻҲǰץһֻ֣һ׼õķ֮ڡ
û취ֻúеţֱɫڣС͹˳ԹĿȡ
ոյƵƵʱͻȻ֮߹һа磬ȻһԺ
Ͼ;ѹȻ󿿽Ĵָ˴ֽһֻ۾ۿ
һЩʧԭԺеĲͨ񣬶һòѾߡ
ѾҲ͸һѾҲͨˡ
㿴žЩƣϲӦͨôһŮ֣
ѵͨԼ˵һģ
еֵʱǸŮѾС˵ķ⣬Ȼ̽һ£֮ʹһ
Сķ˱ڴ֧ԴأͻȻ֮ŵʲôȻ˯Ĺȥ
һ龰Ҳʲô²ˣֱӾʹܳȻһ׾ǸѾߴȥ
ǸѾ߸û뵽ԱߵﻹһʿһӶ㲻״˸š
ֻѾ߲ҽһ͵ľ˵ڵأȻһξͻһɫ㡣
ֻڵϱ˼£ȻϾӿһɹɽ⣬ɢȥʱѾǰ
ѾѾһذףȻҲʻ͵ľȥ֮ذ׾ֱüġ
ֻ΢΢һЦٴ̧֣һס
ѾȻڿķɿ죬ٶôҲȲ׵磬˻ûп㣬һα״С
һȻѾߣֻϵһ⣬Ҳûá
һüȻԱһ£ͶѾǰذס
Ѿһգ˳һŤذһλظ


343 
ȻǿǶڽȷʵЩУ˼֮ͱСѾ˸æҡ
ʹˣ˼䣬ǰСѾߵ׷ȻԺǽ
ʱûʲô˼ˣֻӻȡһ֧˿С
ⶫһҰʿʱʿڴ֮ҡײƭ֣ʿ
ΪʿҲһĥѣǱĳɱ
ҿ㸣컯ŻΪġ
ϱڶ࣬˶˿ȴٵĶãѾˡ
һСѾߣҪԭίԲȡҪ׽ǰСŮ
ָֻ˿һȻ˿оָñֱ֮һ˿оӭǣֱǸŮȥ
ǸŮû뵽Ѳ׷һı
Щˣ˿һӾͲס塣
΢΢һЦһŮ㱻˿йЮǰ
СѾҲû٣غȵСʿôĵӣȻҹ顣
֮üͷһ壬ôǣˣ
Ȼ˵ǵʥҲû˵ｨ
СǲСðҲ½ܵظƤʮ˲
ʿ£ðˣҾŮŮ֮ǰ¡
ԽԽԣǰСѾ߼ȻŮǶȻͨ
û˵ʲôĴܡ
֮Ըô϶ΪķΨһڳɾһ̣Ϊһ壬Ƕʱ˵ȫ֪ȫܡ
ŶһЩ£ָơ
֮񲻴档ʲô㲻Ҫ
СѾĻĿһۣȻ󻺺
ҼҹǺŮǹŮ
ԷĽܣô¡
ӦʲôˮɾȻԵɺϳɾ˺Ȼ԰Լֳ
ȻԷͨҲΪһе˿У˿ǰ߷֮СŮ
СѾ߽ӵ˷Ҳûм±һ򸣡
ղŲ֪ԵɵĵҪ֡
ǽǰ˼Ҳһס
ƶЩ³çɹö¡
˸֮СѾ˵ɡ
СѾҲûǰ˵һ顣
ԭСķһλ˾ˣսˡڻˮһݽ飬סһٻ˼ҵĻ԰
һϽж飬ͻȻһ
ǹûиҿţʣʲôˡߵ˻ش˵ǽһ
ŸҿţվŮΪ׵һòޱȵС㣬Ա߻һѾߡ
ʮ־죬׵ѯ
Ů˵ҾǸʿµįԲ˵л㹲˵ҵҲҲ
ֻھӼ˽Ůӣ»ԼĲУ뿪
Ů۲һͣǡԣҲƲסԼ
Ѿ߼龰˵ϼãˡ
Ůɵͷֽźǳ߾߰ɣ˵ʲôϼƹõģ
Ѿ뿪ŮЦ˵üûˣһȴ֪ҵСй¶㡣
˵ϸͷʲô
Ůɰοʱ䳤֪ˣ֤ƷУõġ
ϴ󣬽⿪Ůɵ·ϴŸϸʯɣǶ顣Ϩ󣬱ʯĹâӡ
Խ£Ҳ²͸ŮǴġ꣬ѾôӣŮ·ˡӴ˺Ůÿ
һʱˣҲϰˣҲλС㵱Լļˣ޻̸
˵ĹϵսǸСҲʱڽǰ¶һЩ
Ҳ֪ˣС²ͨˣӦŮһࡣֻǰѲ²вԡ
ΪԼһ˵࣬Сͻȥ
иŮѾˣǰЩʱ˵ͨסҹģû߱ˡ
ΪŮǾˣ޻˵Լ¸ŮɳֶҸϵˡֻô˵˽º͸˵أ
ʮֵԼŮټʶŮӣҲ֪ʲôˡ
԰Ů취Ů˼˻˵ҲѳǰȥЩﶼҼҵūͣ䱻һָͷϣҲϴġ
ҲѣŮɳ˺ð죬ŴӦ˵취
ڶŮ߽ѾѾȥˡѾֲɱǹ֣ӦÿԽһˡ
Ѿǰ
֮ҲЩ죬û뵽СӾȻ
ǸСѾģ
Է̹ԼҲԼγͨȻس֪֮ͨ©֮飬СѾ˵һ顣
СѾ֮۹һķ´㣬û뵽ʿȻı£Ȼܹǳˡ
㱻СѾ߿Щ˼æ˼Ȼʵ֪ô졣
СѾ֮һ£֮˵Ƿ֮ǰ£»Ҷֵĺãҳ˲أһ֮
˵ͷȻ˵һС֮еȴ²һС
˵֮ϽתȥֱȥҿСѾߣΪʵǱСѾ߾񣬿Щ˼ˡ
СѾ߿ǱӰЦһ£Ȼɫһ࣬С˵ȥ
СѾ߽СķˣȻ˯΢΢һЦӻȡһŷ֮С˵ͷ֮ϡ
һץǷС˵ĻһС
ȻСѾҿ˿֮ϰһʢˮչޡ
ǰȥչ֮еˮȫȻŷԼС˵Ļһŵչ֮УȻչ޵Եһ顣
С˵Ļǣ㰲Ĵչ֮С
Ѿ߿С˵һ֮͵ҡһ£һ̣С˵Ķû塣
Сķû壬͵ľ۾ܿ˿¶΢Ц
֮󱻸СվһԼѣ˴ǰȥ˯һ


344 
ҹԺͻȻһַ磬ſŴۿַֻͣһӰ
Ӱ㻹ʶǰԺ븮ϳԾƵǸɡ
㿴оЩãԼһĳ˲ӣҽ
ȻŭȻûҪһǸСѾʲô¡
ͨĴԺ֮ܿ˿һмǼûʲôԵĵطŷġ
Դǰ췢Ǽ֮󣬴еоɹ溦Լܵ
رǽ죬Ҫ˵ʱ򣬾ܾһʯͷѹУʮֵĲʹ졣
ŽˣǣʵͲסįǼ磬լ
ɼһ£˿ȻϷ˵ǰֱӾŽݡ
ո߽ţͺоԾϾ˳
ô˵ζ
ԭɱϢйٷǳȻڸ֮Ʈɢһʶζ
Щˣǽȥ
źһɻı˳Ȼ֮С
ı֮ķΧڣһܸӦ
˺һ֮вûиоʲôһȻһžͽ˿С
ߵ˷ڣϸڷпһ飬ûȫķġ
ɷ֮ɫͷһֻǸڴϺ¶˯
Цߺߵ˵˵ȼ˰ɣˡ
˵֮󣬾Ȳ˴ǰҪƿ˵ıӣͻȻֻͣˡ
ֻɣüͷѾѹֵʵôбζ
ڴϵ⻰תͷӯӯһЦȻͻȻ׽סǴɵණһˡ
ͨشһҵĺС
صʹ࣬ǰ۵ʱҪ
ͨѾ֪ԼҲҾֱӾʹܳȥҪ뿪
Աе㣬ѾֺóʱˣʱֲҽŴ˳
ֻһž߿ţȻһ׵˿С
ⶫһ뿪־ͻһŻ棬ȵһֳӰʱѾһֻˡ
ͨĴ磬ͻȻĸоĿ֮һȸС
̧ͷһֻϿգһֻ¡
һͨҪģܵشж㣬һֻȻЩˡ
ǻˣۿҪͨʱеѾѾſڣֻһףһһСԲֱ˶ȥ
ĹâһӴˣ̾һŵİӣȻס˻˵Ļ档
ҲֻǱˮнǰɫֻһ˲ͱ˵Ļɾ
ҲôһµĹǸͨҲ˻ᣬֻԱһܣȻͻһɻ̣ɵʮɿ⡣
һ龰оͲˣղű˵һ֣ͨôҪ
ǸѾҲ֪Լ־ͨԷʿһˣЦ˵ҲҼҵūͣʹȥҼҴá
֮۾ûмֻ֣һָǻ˾ͷ
Ѿ߽ӵЭ΢΢һ򸣣ȻͻȻԶǶͨ˵һ䣬һǹݡ㾹ȻҵһȥĻġ
ǱѾ׼ܵͨѾߵĻͻȻվס˽ŲȻֵĿѾߡ
ѵǽүĹ
⸽ѵ𣿡
ͨĴɣϾֳһ˿Ұ֮ɫŵòᡣ
ȻϻͣѪȴҲˣֻǹԹԵվѾ߷
ѾͨԱߣͻȻϷų˺⣬Ȼͷһġ
֮ͨŤһͻһƥС
Ѿߴȡһϸε˩СĲϡ
֮µߵǰٴζ򸣡
һλлҪȻҪˣһȥҲ֪κ͹
ޱĵ˵ͷȻʵԺٳ˰ɣ
ѾһЦȻ˵ѾȥҼҴȱôҡ
֮ͬ˶Էĵ˵ͷ
ȻˣôͽˣҾȻȥϢˡ
˵֮˸ףһȻֱȥ
ո˼ܵǼ䷿֮УʹһĲҽС
ҽкʲôæĴĻȥֻǸڶǽǣһ߷ҽУһָɪɪ
ЦЦԱߣһļ
ĶǸĸĽ
ЦЦҡҡͷȻİοϸûˡ
ͲĻһ߰ͷǽһ߰һЩҶͣӡ
ֻһ߰һĺ󱳣˺ðƽ
תˣ԰׵˵˵˵ûˣˡ
ûˣѾˡ
ЩĻת̽Դ˿͸ţֹȻѾˣԺֻһƥС
龰һ߶µվ
ܿʶʲôæİֵԼ¸Ȼε˵ˮȵĶˣղЩﲻסˡ
㿴Ǳ࣬ЩЦӻǿסˡ
û£˭˰ɣ
һղЩ׵ˡ
ȽţŸ߳˷䡣
ǸСѾڻûأƲһۣ¶ζЦݡ
ܿסԼıӣͷת˹ȥ
תͷȥ۾¶һ˿⣬Ȼµſȥ
·ƥСʱͻȻ̧һһŻɫ뵽СĶ֮С
µĴ߳СԺԺſڵʱͷԺƣȻ¶ζЦݡ
ղŵжԼ˸գһҪǸǸɵˣͨǲǸԼ鷳
ڿɺˣǸͨӹ˽ĳͷҲ¡
ղʩչֶΣִ̥Ľͷֹķǲڵġ
ֶƾһۻ֮ڶԷʶ֮УһߵŻ޷ۻ֮ۻ֮ͻӵзȫʹԷȫϾ
ܹⷨʱƽ˵ģͨһˡ


345 
˵ԺеλСѾ߿ɲ֪ѾʹֶΣΪжôʿѾЭˡ
СѾСǰǸϸ֮ͬСһŰƮȥ
ŰƮƮܿǧ֮ĺݡ
֮ⷱؿĵطһ㲻ıԺ
ڿ԰һµķǰ֮ͣ䵽ԺУѾߺСӡ
Ѿǰš
һеĵƱȻű㱻򿪡
ŵһµŮŮѾˣ΢΢һЦȻ˵𣿡
Ѿ߸Ͻһ򸣣Ȼ˵ѾˣѾҴˡ
֮Ѿ˿һƥСɵõ˵ͷȻ˵ҽȥ๫˵һʡġ
⹫˵֮תݣѾ߸ϽĴӻȡһľ˵֮󣬽еСϸ˩ľ֮ϡ
Щ֮ѾŽ˷䡣
ǸСͨ񣬼ѾûˣһСϸӣǶ˶Ϳʼ͵سҪСϸϡ
ǣСϸ֪ʲôƳɵģȻޱȣոյıһЩСϸսĲӡ
ͨĴʹֻͣһΣСģ
ȻӼ̣޷ѣôְ۾ǸСľϡ
СľҲֻһָ֣СֻҪԵһ̾ܶϳء
ССľǸһ˵ϣôֺܶ
һСмʹˣҲ޷ѣֻǴͷɥվԼˡ
˵Ѿ߸ŰŮݣ־͹ţת
ֻеĴͷǰŮһ
ڰŮĥ˽
ӣСѾ߿ɲҴţֻǵͷվԱߣ˵Ļ
˺һǰŮлվһѾߣ̧ͷѾߵ˵㣬˵ľϸĶ๫˵һ˵
Ѿ߸Ͻ߼˵ףվͷ˵Ϊڽɼңȥ˺󣬲֪ǡȸϵŮңѵƵʱ֡ڵ¿ż
˵ʱŮͣһ£ȻŽ˵뽫ӵĻǷŵ߹֮УͻȻԱߴܳһʿҪҺɱ
ֹסʿѯɣ֪ʿŮĸҪͨ񡣡
Ů΢΢һ£ͨȻǼҵūͣ˵ʵı첻Сڷ仹еʿܹסǣ
ɱСʿЩֶΣҿɢϣүҲֺ
Ŷ˿ŮЩŵģȻ
˵ʱŮתͷԱߵһۣ˼˵Ůʶʲôˣ
ҡҡͷŮҾҲǷǳĺãֻͨ˼ңôʶĸˡ
Ůһ£ҡҡͷ˵عôˡ
Һǵʿһǿͬ⣬Ҷ֣Ҳ˳Ǹ֮󣬽ұˣҪߵʱֱʿסԱøţڴ
Ů֮ͷһ£Ȼ˵´˳ȥϾͻΪ๫ͨҵҿǳˣʡԺº󻼡
Ů˵ʱûпѹǸͨĴɣҲǸĿģð仰˸С
һɿЩܲˣΪ׾ܹһû뵽Ҫá
ˣɿʼܲˣƴϵķʼӺľȻƴҲ벻ⷽԲߵľ롣
ŮҲĶüȻ˵һ̫ҲķˣϿ촦˸ɾ
ѾŮĻ̧ͷŮв֮£Ͻ˳ȥ
ѾƥСڷͬʱðһɹɵĺɫĹâ
ˣһŵģҲ˹Ҳòӡ
˵ʱѾ߾ʹӻȡһɫ
ȡƥС͸оһɹɵĺ֮Ϸ˳
СоͷˣϽĿڳ˵ѾˣԺҲΪֻҪǷҵһɣһᴫʲôԷ
Ѿߺдȱ֮һ£Ȼͷпȥ
ʱдһ
Ͽ춯֣Һ๫ҪЪˡ
Ѿ֮εҡҡͷ
Ҳ˵ֻ͵ľСȥˡ
ʱƮƮģһ¾Сͷϡ
ëȻˡ
ֻСͷ֮󣬾Ϳʼ𶶣žϴ֮ų
ЩĿԽԽ࣬ûж೤Ĺ򣬾ͽСȫĸǣһʱ֮СѾЩϳԵͷʣˡ
ЩڳԱ֮»ص֮ڡ
Ѿ߼ˣǰһ˶ĳ
Ѿˣô죿
ҶǸʿ٣ҪǸʿҡ
ǣˡ
Ѿ˵֮ͻһţַˡ
еĵƹҲһα𣬽Ȼˡ
˵ǰߣһС͵Ĵ˳ֱʵôˣǸǲǸˣ
ʩصģѾ
ͰǰС˵һ顣
֮Уصĵķ˱
֮ô˵ҲΪһԺҵĽѵ
һαͨ˵ϣҲԼˣԾСķҲλϷ˵ĺ󳾡
ֻҪС֪ķ˱Сһҹ֣ʱҲܹƽµĻȥ
Ȼ˵꣬С˱ʱλСϾЩÿǿļһ˿Ц˵ԭǺˣҼҷԺȻܹƽϲ֡
Ǻǣϣ˰ɡ
һ䣬ȻͻȻ˵ҿǸѾĺͨȥ֪Ҫʲôĥ
վԱߵСĻϲĴһ£ҲоʲôƵġ
̧ͷ˿СȻҡҡͷ˵ˣƶͲˣʹʩǡ
˵֮ȥ
һֱԱߵǸӵˣæ뿪Сļҡ
С뿪ɫҲû֮תȥլȥ
Ƚ˷˵ңֻķڴϣüչϻһ˿־֮ɫ
С˿ķˣһ˿ŭ˵Ļǹŭܿͱѹȥ¶Цݡ
Ѿˣ㲻صġ
С˵ԣ˵֣İο
λ˼ɷûԼʧ˼Ű


346 ٴ
뿪Сļң˼ʱֱɫ֮£뿪Сسǣ򱱡
һɣһ·Ļص˺ϵء
ոյسǵſڣ̾ͱ۷ˡ
һϾһϲ⣬ţǰץסͷ˵үǻˣүҪϵˡ
ۣ㻹ʶģǰȨǵۡ
ҲżˣϵЦ˵ŶүڵûУ
үЦˣϿҽǣȥүɡ
˵⻰֮ҲûйĻػǣسȥ
㿴żҲûֹȻԼûлؼңǼȻȨôżԼӦдˡ
Ǻܿľǰʱ̫үȨѾõſڵء
һոյһһ̫үѾܵǰ
ҵĵүǻˡ
ȨһףȻʵʲôż
ﲻ˵ĵط˵
Ȩ֣ţ֮˿֮УԷֱ
Ѿ֮˸һڣ̫ү˵һΧ˰̵ʱ˴󹦣¾Ҳ֪ˣǰʥּ
֮üͷ뵽ԼǰѺ½ճ˻ҽĸѵĸԼ͢
ʵ㲻֪һǲҲûа취ˣΪǰż˵泹׵Ļ壬óֱܹ͢Χ˼ϳС
Ĵ󹦣ûеӸûĻЩ󽫣סĸйڣֻҪһ࣬û֪Ѱ˽ѹ¹ʱûùӳԡ
벻͸еĹؽڣҲһԲѰ˼ˡ
ޣˣ͢ʲôʱּ⣬ʲôʱ
ּѾˣõµ֮ǰ
ڵѾУ뾩ǻǧ֮ңʱ仹Ǻܽġ
ðɣȻȥһ£֮Ҿ̣ΪΡ
ʹ죬ô֮۸·
˵ͷȻ㹰Ȩǣ
ȻȨһǰΧ˰̵飬֪ոյĻһļУҲͲǿ԰͵ſڡ
ţ˳ŴһֱǰߣһС˽ȥ
û߶Ĺ򣬾ͼһۣڵ۵ǰ۵ʢ
һӽۣЩ˾ͷ㣬ЩҲͣһ֪ǹˡ
ˣһߵĿʱ䲻ѽ
˳ɣ·ûʲô¶ɣ
ҼﻹЩϾƣȥǺһǸӷϴ
ǵ飬Ҳ΢Цһһش
һߵʱ䲻̣·ûʲô¶黹˳
ϴľƾţϢٹȥȣʱɱƤѽ
˵˵ͽӽ˴š
ѾѾء
㿴ŶѾЩ㲵СЩۣʦ⼸ڹлðɣ
ѾںѾһЩȻ˵Ȧ죬ȴûǰһ˵ǰһףģ˵ʦùӭʦֻعۡ
㿴Сοĵ˵ͷȻصһ񣬡ʦõˣ
˵֮ͶѾͶһЦһоڲС
Ѿ˽ӭ˵֮У齫ǣ˺ԺϽȥе˳ȥ
λλǵԶ·أҪϰͲˣλˡ
˵֮ͣ˼򸣡
ЩҲǸףҲ֪Ѿȥܾãò׻һˣԴҲûйЦϿȥк㣬Ƕһ뿪˵ۡ
ȵ˶뿪֮Źؽţ»صķ֮С
ŶѾ˵
ʦ֣һͲ˰ɣ
źĻش²ԸˣѾּ⣬̽Ҳֻڹд졣
Ѿ֮ϾЩÿղŻʵЦڶˣȦһη졣
㿴ŶѾСС;ѾԼ֣ۻЩһ˵һȥûʲôΣգһȥҲܼһ档
Ѿ̧ͷһ¶ЦݣȻʵûʲôϵ𣿲°ɣ
ûʲô飬Ҳһγ͢ҽҲǸһЩͣŲʲôµġ
ѾȫķſˣЦտ˵̫ˣԶû뿪سأһؿܳȥˡ
˵ʱ򣬶Ѿְתȥ˵ŸʲôϿȥʰ
˶ѾķԸƳƳ죬һֻۣε뿪䣬ȥѾʰȥˡ
վԵ飬뿪磬͵Ц˼¡
ϵʱ򣬶Ѿ³һٷʢ͡
ԺеʯǰſӶŷˣһٿԡ
Ҫ˵һγȥҲǳЩɽ亣ζģϾھӪ֮УҲ
ȴóԵЩɽ亣ζѾҳҪࡣ
ĶҲûȥ۵ҲûпڼвǺͶѾļҳɹ̫ǵ˼ʱ䡣
ȵ˵ʱ򣬶ѾѾҪŵĶ׼׵ˡ
Щ˶ѾĻϴ·֮⣬ҪľǸӤ̳ԼѾǸʬ
ڷѾôҪˣԾʹ͸˸ոտʼеĶѾ
ѾȻѾһЩСǽħıȴ
ȻڶѾҲʼһЩ򵥵ķ£ʲôÿ
һ߸ո׼׵һ۵Ĵžͱˡ
򿪴һͣһԱվ̫үȨŵȨһСˡ
̫үɲҵϽԶԶһ򸣣Ȼͷõһԡ
ȨС˽˴ţҲӭ˳ԶԶļˣϽĸԹ֡
֮ȫĴ£ʦ㣬Ȼķ֮С
֮ȨȲʵ׼ôˣǷˣ
һж׼ϡ
ãѾΪ׼һҲ˵һ·֮ࡣ
˸ϽĹֵǸ֮˵ˣһҪʦһ뿪ʱ֮пɾûˣԻ˶չһСۡ
ģ֮Ҿһ۳פ֮УС͵СĽȥ
õ̫үĳŵǷģкѾʰ׼̡


347 ¶
Ҫ˵ǰһ뿪Ƿǳ򵥵飬һ̾ߡ
һؿɲУΪߴż׸ء
ŮҪԶУĶ˶öأһضѾԼѾϣÿĸ
ЩǲСҿ˼̫ү׼Ļһƥ»ôණ
ѾȰѼ˵İĺߣȻСİѹӤ̳Ҳ֮ϡ
ֻѾһڣ̾ʹӵ۵ĺԺɳһӰ
Ӱ˶Ѿԡ
ʱҶƣֻڶѾԵһɫ԰׵Ůӡ
̫үȨҲǼŮӣ֪ݣŮһ֣ͶԶԶģͲҿ
ѾЩˡ
ʱѾˣǴû뵽ںԺסһˡ
رΪԵСˣȻҪȥһʡ
ߵŮӵԣʵλ㣬Ҳǵ۵ǰôû㣿
վԵĶѾʵǳᣬȻԼѾߣȻһѿ
ŮǸʬ㷨ǿѾҪˣ˾Ͱɵ˶ѾԣɶѾʹá
⽩ʬԭȵʱ͸ǳټļѾ΢һЩǣ˱ʮֵľګ
⽩ʬֻƫͷĮûлش
˼Σ⽩ʬҲûлػϾЩÿˡ
֪ǽʬΪ˲ء
ߣʲôõģǻЩ书ԺҺ͵Ҳѧġ
粻֪ʬǲ˵ֻǼղжѸ٣ΪЩ
վԱߵĶѾ΢΢һЦͻȻһ
ǽʬͻȻ˷Ӧʮƽ۾ѾѪ죬Ȼſͣ¶Ȯݣֱ˹ȥ
û뵽ǰ˻ϮԼ˶⽫ͻȻı仯ŵĿɿڴǵڵϣվ
ãѾֻҪŻŻǽʬ˫ֿҪ粱ϵʱֹͣĶָֻƽվ˶Ѿԡ
һѾ飬Ѿŵö󣬲Ҷˡ
վԶŶѾǺҡҡͷȻ˵ٺˣϿʰʰ̰ɡ
ѾͷȻǰһٺĵϵ
Ҳ̫Сˣڵдôʱ䣬Ժô죿
⻰ڹ磬ʵһҪĶûУҲûиԵǸʬ
̾˿ڶԶѾʵû취ˣֻк˸Ͽ̣Ҳ·Ǿܹһ㡣
кѾҲټˣϽʬ˳֮ϣϥ
Ȼ󣬾ʹ˳
ѾѾ׼ϣ̫үȨ˹֣Ȼ۵Ĵ֮»ˡ
ӿҪ뵽ﾩǣһ·Ͼǧһ͢Ǹ涨ʱ䣬ÿһ·̶ٵ߰ʮ
ߵĻ¾ҪʱˡϣҪͷ
һߵɫŰʱ򣬲ŷѾǰŴŵꡣ
龰ЩյͷȻεǰ·ۡ
⸽ûСꣿǴպסһҹ
ҵĵүǰŴŵȥСꣿҿǻǾɽǰջһҹɡ
㿴˿ɫٿ˿ڹٵ֮Ѿ̣εĵ˵ͷ
ѾǼ˵Ҫ¶Ӫ̾˷ЩСŮǻû¶ӪѾ⵱ɽˡ
ɫѾŰһֱ̳дŵĹӤҲƮ˳ŶѾæǰæ
ӤѾϤˣԲ£ǺӤʼЦֳһƬ
㿴ﲼý˯ĵطҡҡͷЩСԽԽˣһĽҰ룬Ů죬ô·
⼸СȻ˵Щ֪أǸɻǺģûǶ೤ʱѾó׼õĸʼ㿾ƽ
ȵɫȫʱ򣬶ѾѾ׼ͣһǰȥ÷
ͷǳļªҲƽһЩԼŵһЩˮ
СŮǳԵ÷ǳĿ֣ʱĻһЦ
ù֮ûʲôɣǾ͸ԽЪˡ
˶˯ֻϥһ˹һǸǵˡ
ȵҪʱͻȻ֮ɽּ䴫һ
һзǳĺõĸɽڶЩ
Ѿ˯˵ĶѾǼС⻢ˣ಻ĺ֮󣬶ʼЩ֡
ǶѾЩͣǱܵĻǶϻЩ£ϽİǽʬеԼԡ
һеˡ
үʲô
۾ԶȺɽüͷ˵⸽һֻϻ
Ļץ֣ӵĽˡ
˵ʱԶĻԽԽ
ЩԣϻǷʲô񾭣ҹĺв
Ѿ
ʦʲôԸѾϽŽʬԡ
ŹӤͽʬػȥϻô¶
Ѿ֮۾¶һ˿ּǿĵ˵ͷ
۾ȻûпѾѾо¶΢ЦѾͷȻ˵úţҪܡȻǼóһĹֽ
Ѿ֮۾һȻɱŵԼ﷭һóѼ²һľӪصĸ
Ҫ˵ԶѾʻʮĽģ˵ŽʩչʱƾŷǿҲ
ǶѾ೤ʱ䣬ʩչȻֺ̺һ˿־
ǶѾﵽ磬Ҫʩչŷࡣ
֮󣬶Ѿòģһ̳еĹӤ̷ɳһ̹⣬˶Ѿļϡ
ѾһڣкǽʬԼԡ
һ֮󣬶Ѿ̧ͷ㣬˿˼Żʲô©
ĵ˵ͷѾöһСĹ˵ѾȫĹˡ
ģǷųƣԶԶľܸоõڶѾõЩСбƽ֮ǰ֧Ԯ
ѾúõţҲȥ
˵֮ŶѾʡ̫á
ԶĻ֮Ȼ׼򣬽żأ䣬ʧ˵ǰ


348 
˳Ż֮һ·ļУܿ͸оϻԽԽˡ
Ȼ㼸䣬һô֮ϵʱ򣬷ֲԶһֻϻ
ϻʵ̫ˣɣð׹ɨ䣬֮仹һɹɷֻ֮ϻѾ򣬶һЩУĻҲ
ϻվһյ֮ĺС
ֹһԶĴһɳɳ죬Ŵ̽һֻͻ
ֻϻеһֻ¹߻ոճõСϻ
ֻϻһ֣ԭȵֻǰһˣϻԱߣͷ˴š
ֻϻԷë
Ȼֻ󻢾ʹӺֻϻнӹֻ¹֮ڿյ֮ڳһӣȻֻ¹ŵ˿ȫĸǡ
Ǵ󻢣źֻĸԼֻСϻĺһȻ͵Զȥ
ֻĸϻԼֻСϻҲֻ󣬲һʧ˴֮С
ٴζֻϻͻȻ֮ӲԶһô֦һˡ
㶨һԭһԻ
ԻղǸϻ¹ĵطеĸֲ潫ȫĲ
Ȼ˵Ľߵ¹˳֮ʹҴҵ뿪ˡ
ǸԻոˣûж೤ʱԶݴ֮Уһδɳɳ
Ҫ׷ϻȥ㣬һϰ
ŲݴԵ죬һֻ󻢴ļСһֻɫĹ˿յء
ֻ޵ֻͨϻһȫǸųĺë
Ϊ޴·һλĿˡ¹Ŀǰ޵۶һԵȺš
ڿǸӣȴûмߵ¹һŻˣȻſڿӱɪɪķ
Ǻ޲ûмʲôʳΪֻϻƭԼ̾ͷһͳĺС
ǰһԾǴ󻢵ǰȻ̧צǴ󻢵ţһ¡
ֻϻͣ޵ĽȻ㶼Ҷ㣬ſź޹
ֻϻһ̵֮ľԽѣӵ
ֻ޺ǲתֱֻĸϻ
ֻĸϻԭȵֻһԺ޵Ĺſɪɪǲҷ
ֻϻһͱֻ޸ġ
׶ϻȻǰκεķҲЩ죬⵽ʲô֣
ֻɱֻϻ֮תͷһԿȥֻղŻˣСϻںҲ֪ΣĵһһҲҶ
Ǻ޺ʲôֻǿСϻһתͷȥǴ󻢵ʬʧ˲ݴ֮С
վϵ㣬˴ʱյֻ֮ĸϻǰ
ֻϻǷǳǿģھȻûȫɥһ۾ԶſһֻСϻ¶˶ᡣ
ĸϻǰʱͻȻķųϣ֮⡣
ֻûĸϻȻŲʼֻСϻȥ
㲻֪ĸϻҪʲôվԱ߲ûʲô
ֻĸϻѵֻСԱߣȻֻǰצֻСϻǰ
֮з˰֮
ﻹףֻϻǽĺиԼ
㿴ϻĲ״ԼʱȻĸԹâĵ˵ͷȻǰȥֻСϻ˻С
ֻĸϻԼĺӣȻˣȻҲֲסͷһҲûϢ
̾˿Ǹ̾һµĸ׵ΰȻ÷һӣϻʬڿˣʡʬ屻Ұ̣
㻳еֻСϻ֪ĸѾˣΪڸˣأһҧҧ·һͷؿڡ
㿴ֻɰСҲЩ
ðɣֻСԺ͸Ұɡ
һ߸ոյ˵꣬ͻȻ֮ݴ֮ٴδɳɳ
תһֻޣһ߷ɿı
ֻźѪǸղųʲô
ʱ㻳еֻСϻҲоеĵſĻУͲκεĶ
ֻ˿յ֮ϣתĴһɨûзֻĸϻ۾;¶׹⣬Ȼһĵͺ
޵ĺͻȻĸоԼҲʼҡĻҪ
üæ˹ѹԼĶ
ֻĺУ㲢ûҲ¶ã
ǰûġ
Ҫ֪Ƭɽ֮Դӳʱ򣬲Ƕô׺ݵҰޣֻҪǱԼһ̾͹ԹԵſڵϣԼ׸
һޣǺǰȫĲͬ޵ǲ׵׷ʲô
޷㶵ʱһǰɽॡһʶȻ󻯳һ磬ֱǺɫͷ­
Ҫ˵ޣҲƾԼܳưƬɽ֣ɽʱȴһ㷴ӦûС
ֻǷɽһ⣬ֱӾʹǺɫ޵ĶŶ룬֮ӺԷɳ
ɱ˺޵ķɽûκһ˿Ѫ´ŵý֮ڡ
ź޵㻳еֻСϻҲоΣĹȥµĿʼ
㽫ֻֻСϻٵԼǰȻ˴壬΢΢Ц
ֻСϻҲ֪⣬׽ǲûκεķ
˵ѾǣԴ뿪֮ͷǳĽš
ѾǽӤɵܿʼѲӣǸʬǲ뿪Ѿҡ
һֱһʱѾҲûзʲô쳣
ոЩиʱܵѲӵĹӤͻȻķһȻԶȥ
Ѿ֪ӤʲôΪʲôΣأæĶ˽ʬֻ̽ԴӤʳķ
һͼԶ̹žͿ㻳бʲôǹӤļϣʲôأ
Ѿ㣬һȻӽʬ˳ȥֱȥ
ȶѾԣȿľбŵֻë׵Сϻ
Ҫ˵СŮϲľë׵ߣοֻСϻոյĳãʮֵĺ̬䡣
ǶѾһѾϲֻСкֱӾ;ʹܵǰҪеһֻ
СϻЩԶѾ֣СϻŤֵСһֱڶܣͬʱֻǰצץ·ôҲɿ
ѾںֻСֻþŬ˰죬Ҳ޷ֻСϻĻ
ôվ΢ЦĿŶѾǰæֻСûа취
ѾҲӦ˹˵ʦҵֻСϻģǿɰܹ𣿡
˵⻰ʱѾֻ۾Ŀ㡣


349 Ъ
㰲ֻСϻ죬Сһܹ΢׽Ѿһ¡
ȵǻص¶޵ĵطʱԼǸء
ղŶѾͻȻ뿪ЩľսȻ˵ǸʬһԻӣ˵ʵڵΣʵµʬ
ڼͶѾڻˣһ
ȵߵǰʱҲ㻳еֻСϻҲǰɰСִЩ¡
ЦЦİһ»еֻСϻȻͽǵݵһ۲ĶѾС
һİֻСϻȻǲԸȻûзԹԵĴڶѾĻС
һԵʱҲǵ㣬ܵ˶ѾԱߣŮߴߴĶŪֻСϻ
ҲǰȻʵүղʲôûʲôΣգ
ΣյûУһ׮¡
˵⻰ʱ򣬶ѾҲ۹⿴
ͰԼ飬Ǽ˵һ顣
ѾĻ棬رϻйµʱЩŻеֻСϻ
£öѾǶϢȥˣԼȻϥΪػ
ڶʱڸһСӱ΢ϴһ飬ȻЩһδҴҵ̡
һ·ıϣ¶޵˼졣
Ҫ˵˵ǲûиоô࣬ǶѾǼСŮȴЩܲˡ
һ·ϣôʱ䣬ûϴأοһ·¶޵϶Щ֮ɫ
һ·һСʱ򣬶Ѿ˵ʲôҲˣһҪϢһſ̡
ԶѾҲЩûа취ˣʱҪŵҲĻ
ŶѾбСϻðԼ㻹ûкܾ
ǺðɣǾСҸСջϢһҹ߰ɡ
һ仰̾СŮĻ
̾˿ҡҡͷȻһԵ˵鷳ȥһʲôɾСջסһҹ
ֻǸ·ģһ·ϵľڵķԸ̾ͽС򣬿ʼѰҸɾĿջ
ûһĹͻˣȻСм䣬һǾµСջ
ǿջĵӦǰ͵õкһ̾ؽӭ˿ջǰ׼õķ֮ڡ
΢ϴһ£˿ջĴ׼÷
ǳ⣬ҲûйڵţֻҪĸСˣȻһһ棬ˡ
ǳԷʱڿջ߽һĸģˡ
⸻̺Сջĳͣһ߽ǵ̾͹ȥк
Ǯү⻹ðɣ
ĸղŸһʴ⣬׬һЩǮ˵̣Լϵ͡
Ǯϰһȸ׼䣬ڴ÷
ȸ׼þƺòˣȻٸ׼һϷ
Ǹϰһ⻰оһˣһܴǮϰ׬Ǯ
СŸʲôϿǮϰʰΡ
ԱߵĵƹĵķԸϽǰǮϰõһٴϡ
ûһĹ߰˸ƲˣͰǮϰǰ
Ǯϰ彫ϵͷԼֱߣѹţȻֿʼһƣ֮Ϳʼ
ǼǮϰ壬ֻɨһۣ㲻עˡ
ǳԱ׼뿪ʱͻȻִ֮˼׳
Щ׳ÿﶼһɫӡ
⼸˽ĵڴһɨͷڳԾƵǮϰ壬ǼһӵϽΧм䡣
Ǯϰ屻⼸ΧסҲţֻ΢ЦʵλôˣѵǸղŵʲô𣿡
Ǯϰ壬һĿɲصһصĻЩͷ
Ϊ׵׳˵֮󣬾ͽеĺӡ顱һǮϰϡ
Ǯϰ忴ǰĺӣ΢΢һЦȻ˵ĽľһãղѾǮ壬һʲô
Ǯϰ壬ϻˣĶʲôɫѵ㻹
׳˵ֱ֮ӾͽӸǴ򿪣ȻƵǮϰǰ
ԱߵĶѾʮֵĺ棬̽Դ߹ơ
Ǹ׳һӣѾһļС
ԭһӵЫӡ
ЩЫеǻе޾ɣѾӵס
Ǯϰ壬㿴ĻǮ˸ǰɡ
ǮϰִǮϣҲӣղŽʱЩЫӿɶǺõģǮˣ˵Щ⣬ںҶ𣿡
˵ʱǮϰð׹⡣
Ǯϰ۹ı仯ղŻڵģ׳ںǺһ˼һһ£ȻƳǸΪ׵׳
Ǯϰ壬ѾͷһˣһֱĻ죬һؾֵˣһǮҲˣֵϵù
ҪǮûУҪһҪҪ͹ȡɡ
ǮϰǳǿӲǸ⼸׳һ
Ǽ׳ǮϰӲԣҲЩˣΪ׵׳ǰһ̧ȭֱǮϰĶš
ȭͷûеǮϰǰǮϰһֵֻȭͷ֮ϡ
ôһ£Ǹ׳;Լȭͷ˸ְһʹޱȡ
ʹʹȭͷʼӵ첲ϣֻһ˲Ĺĸ첲Ҳ̧Ĵ˼ϡ
ֻһۣ֪ղôһ£׳۵ĹͷѾ÷顣
ʱбۿǮϰһۣЩ죬Ǯϰ岻շһˣȻĹ
ļ׳Լ˿ȴȥȭֻһӵϣǵ커Сſڡ
Ϊ׵׳ҲӲȻ۵ɫȴһжûС
ֻҧгݵ˵Ǯϰ壬ɽģˮǽ·ټ
˵֮һ֣Ǽ׳æǰµȻЩ˾Ǳ뿪ˡ
Ǹϰ⼸׳ˣһȻƨƨߵǮϰǰüϵĨ²һӡ
Ǯϰ壬ԵĻðɣòø棿
Ǯϰ±ЦеӣһЩĵ棬һɡ
ǵϰ˷Ը̸ĶԺԸһ룬⣬֭
Ǯϰڵźǳ⣬ִԼǮȡһɢӾӵ˵ǰ
ˡ
ǵЦģ̧ͷƶˣȥõУغǮϰһСźˡ


350 Ы
λǮϰ壬֮󣬶ŵϰ˵׼һϷҾϢһҹˡ
Ǯϰĳͣ˵ϰźķǳڣ̾͸ȥˡ
ʱҲվغߵķȥ
·ǮϰԵʱͻȻĸоһ֮ڿٵӡ
㵱ʱһ㶣Ȼͣһ£תͷۣɨһ¡
һֻͷϵѾĵĲˣһɭĺĶŻ㼯
ȫǺֶѪ֮ѽ
㲢ûд£һ˹ǳһЩԵҲô˵ġ
ԼûбҪˮΪԼǻ
ֻͣһ£µļȥ
ǸǮϰоǳôһ˲ͣ٣Ǯϰоˡ
λл˵
վסŲͷʵʩʲôԸ
ǮϰֵЦ˵λһؿҲΪҶİɡ
㿴ǮϰЩĪһﵽ˵ʲôأԼôף
ǮϰȴΪװ⣬Լͣ˵ҪĶǲ֪ûбȡߡ
˵ʱǮϰɫͻȻͨ죬ѾǰһȦ
㿴ǮϰӾ֪ˣΪԼҪı
ҡҡͷȻ˵λʩƶ֪˵ʲôƶֶѪ֣֮㻹Сŵá
˵֮󣬾ͲŶѾȥˡ
Ǯϰ忴ȥıӰҪվǿŴ¡
ǻصԼСԺ֮󣬶Ѿյǰʵʦ֣Ǹʽ̫Źˣǲдʲô
㿴ŶѾŹ־ӣ΢΢һЦȻԴ˵˼ʲôͱˣϿȥϢɣǻҪ·ء
ѾûеõԼĻشֻ㬵شԼѾؿͷϢȥˡ
ڽӽƻʱڷдͻȻֻоһѪɷ֮ڿٵջ
Ѫɷ֮һ壬Ӷ֮ѹ
Щŭ۾˴һԼ·ȻߵԺ
ոҪԺţѾķ㱻ˡ
ֻѾӷ˳ļϻǸޡ
ʦ֣ǲҪȥħѾ׼ˡ
˵ţѾ˻Լŵļ
ֻǳȥŸʲôϿȥϢ
ǶѾȴûĻܵȻĵ˵ʦ֣ҸſɣҲҳʶ
ҡҡͷ̾˿˵ðɣ͸ŰɣһʲôΣգǰ
ʦַģһͶ󡣡ѾﵽĿģ˸߲ҵ˵
תԺţŶѾǰȥˡ
˿ջǰߣĴܶطѾʳԷ
ǸƹæǰæкȻ˵æýŲŵأȴ͸Цݡ
Ӻ߹ˣæǰȥһǧȻЦ˵ҪԵҹѽҸ㰲ŸӰɡ
ĿڿջһɨûʲôüͷȻµ˵׼ЩСʳ
գģϾ͵
˵֮󣬾Ͱõһλϣ֮ȥкˡ
Ҫ˵ջȻСϲ˵ٶȻǺܿģûж೤ʱ䣬ĸС˾Ѿڵǰ
Ѿһˣ̾ڵóѿӲֲȻݵǰ
ĵͷȻӼһӣ֮Ѿӡ
һһͷӦǿٽӽѪɷ֮
Ѫɷ֮ĿǳԣֱָСջ
ŬѪɷ֮ʱͻȻֻĺһӣǸǮϰײײ˴
֮ڴһɨȿ㣬۾һУܿͰ׵һĴѰҡ
ܿͷˣк˵ĵϰ壬ǰһסǸϰ塣
λϰ屻ֵһ㶣ôˣղŻúõģһ
ǮϰҲ˵ϰķˣֱӾͰϵ˺š
ڵϰΪҪʲôõʱʱǮϰȴͻȻͨһǰ
һ¿ɰϰŵòᣬæĹȥ뽫Ǯϰ
ôǮϰǳڵһ˿
ϰҲˣֻ˵Ǯϰ壬Ҳʶˣʲôֱ˵ֻҪС϶ܰ쵽ģһѡ
Ǯϰž仰ʵĴչЫӵĿ̡ɱ̫࣬ŭЫӹҪɱˣȾҡ
ǵϰһ»ǣ֣̾צˡ
Ǯϰ˵ҾһͨˣܶԸ˹֣ҿ㻹ɡ
˵֮ϰҲ˹Ǯϰˣת뿪
ǮϰʱȴͻȻǰסϰȣİҪֻ֣ҪҲһصĵطһѯҵټ㲻ҪС
ǵϰһô򵥣ЩˣȻʵǹֲҵ鷳ɣ
ǺһҪйĵһڣʱ鴫Ժ˭Сס޳Է
ǮϰϰдӦ˼̾ͷæ˵ϰģԩͷծ˲ɱ޹
ϰ֮ǿĴӦ
ȴЩ鷳£ҪǮϰصأ
Ժһɨ˰취
ֻſһͣǮϰ£ͷס¾Ͱȫˡ
֮ĵĴµ֮кˡ
ʱһ˽һͷƷĿ£ʵλϷĿ
һʱѾоϵѪɷ֮졣
ȵڵʱ򣬸ǸоѪӿʼͣ𵴡
ǵϰҲŵòᣬ۾ת߶µ˵Ǹ̺ȥˣҲ֪ȥˡ
ӣһ֪ѡ
ǸҲоһ㣬ѵϰԱһƣͿʼĴ
һǷʲô۾ֱģǸ͡
ֻЦЦת뿪ˡ
Ǹϰ׳뿪һȻһƨԱߵϣ˺ð죬Ż
ʱȴоԾˣΪһصڷɿĽӽǸ͡
죬Ҳ˲һӾվֱǸ͡
ϰӵȥҲǼˣǴӦǸǮϰΪܵģȥʲôӰɣϿ׷ȥҪס㡣
ٶȵ޳ɽ𵤵ɣ˶˼
ʱѾ˴̵ǰһץͽץȻӵһԡ
ǸϰʱҲϵˣʱһŵûɢһƨɾ˵ϣҲˡ


351 ЫӶ
ԭǸǮϰڵһѾЫӣڲͣ塣
һ龰Ҳ˲ֻԣϱ㷺һŵ⡣
ֱӾͰַǮϰͷϡ
ĶϵĵҲʼ˳Ǯϰ岻ͣĴӡ
ǮϰϵЫӱһɨ̾ȫֱ˵ϡ
ɨЩϰ֮󣬼æǰȥ̽ǮϰıϢ
һǮϰȻ˵Ϣ΢ǻǱס
ʱǸϰҲǲΡΡش˹
ô˻Űɣ
˵⻰ʱε۹⿴㡣
ʱû£Ҫٲ¾Ļ¶ˡ
ϰϾ˼æк˼ƹ
һƽǮϰ̧Լķ䣬һСƣϿȥһй
ܿСƾͰСس֮Уһλ
һȻߵϰ壺ʱû£ȴҪڷĵⶾҩ
֮ô϶˵Ǯϰû飬ΪжһĲѾǳоˡ
ԭСسϲʳЫӣҲΪһ㾭˱ˣһҽѾˣԶһƷǳо顣
ǵϰǧлҧӻȡһӣݵе
⶧㻹ʶǮϰ͸ϰһ⶧ȴ˾ǮϰϣҲѭ
ѾûʲôˣչǮϰҲòţȻеϰ塣
ʹŲ֪ʲôʱѾеĶѾȥϢˡ
ڶ糿ľǰȥ̽λǮϰ塣
Ǯϰһ㣬иһҲϰ֮ˣ廹ǿ׳
Ѿѹֻ඾δ壬ԻǱȽġ
ڴһ㣬ͼҪæǰ
Ǯϰ壬ϻвˡ
ǮϰҲ˳˴ϣȻ˵ˣԭ۲ʶ̩ɽ
ûʲôǼлǴ˵Ҳˡ
ǮϰĻм۶ˡ
λԼĵûǾԼ֮Լ
˵ʱǸϰҲһ˽
Ǯϰ壬Ҹ׼һ棬ȳ˰ɡ
ǸǮϰλϰҲǷǳĸмҲصлȻǿĴԼԱߵȡһӣݵ˵ϰǰ
Ѿ֪ˣõϰƷˣ⶧ȥҲǶҩǮ
ϰǮϰŵ⶧ӣʮأԼ컨ʮϡ
üЦǰӹӣӵĶǮϰˡ
㿴ҡҡͷȻǮʹĥһûǮˣϰͰ̧ȥˡ
ЩȤվˡ
ǮϰȻֱҪ̣ҲֻǸмĹ˹֣㲻ˡ
ֻǮϰ忴ıӰЩرҪ뿪ʱ˼£˻
˵뿪˷䣬̾кѾʰϿ̡
׼óҪ̵ʱͻȻĸоǹѪɷ֮һγ֣Աٶջӽ
뵽ǸϵѪɷ֮ˣǸûгǮϰ壬첻֪֪ȻҪһζ֡
룬ԼȻǮϰһͲܰ;ϣеǣ˾ȵףͷ졣
һһֱڶѾԱߵĽʬһԽ뿪ȺֱѪɷ֮ķӭ˹ȥ
ǣϵǣĸӦ֮УǽʬٶȻǷǳģǿҪӽǸѪɷ֮ʱ򣬶Ѫɷ֮ȻʧˣǽʬЩ֪롣
ҲЩ֣Ҫ֪Ѿ޳ɣ⸽Բľ롣
ﵽʲô£Ȼܶ̽顣
ɻʱͻȻֻСһ͸оǹѪɷ֮ѾСԺ
Ͼ֪ãﲻ֪ʲôеİ취ȻԼѾȥȡǮϰˡ
Ҳǰ¶񼣣ֻżؾԾ˰֮УȻĽڰ˼£ԺӵС
ʱԺѾһţֻǮϰǼͷѾһ󶴡
ǶѪɷ֮׳Ѿ˳ƶǮϰķ֮УȭͷѾֱǮϰš
һΣæһԼĺ󱳡
ǰɽ̵ʶɵ磬ֱ׳ĺġ
Χκֻ֮ҪǸ׳ϧԼһʱŹǮϰġ
Ȼ취á
Ǹ׳о粻ƣǮϰڵϹһȦɽĹȻվһֻһɽһ֮󣬴»صһʿǰ
ʱѾһŵ⣬ֻ̧׳һ㵽ǰ
׳ֻ֣һ¾ͱУֱӾͰӷ֮д˳ȥ
Ǹ׳ԼǶ֣Ҳͣ޺޵ĿǮϰķһۣ뿪
ôܷ뿪ҪˣԺǮϰ鷳Լǰ
㶶ִӻȡһֻɫʨӡ
ֻʨǰһʱ䣬ǰǰ̽塣
ֻʨ֪ģ˵õ֮󣬾Сĵضһʱļӳ֣ʨѾܹ
ʨӵĺĴһֵһֱ̾ƵģȻֻܹʨӣȻǲܹӦ֡
̾ںĵǹ񲢲ų㣬Բǿʹá
ֻʨ뿪˵ϣҡһͱɵĴС
ȻʨӼԾѾ׷Ǹ׳צֱ׳ĺġ
׳ж磬Ҳҵ۵ֵ
žһ׳Ѿ÷飬Ȼ׳ֱȥʮɵľ룬߰˸ͷֹס
׳ҲӲˣȻһԣ֧ٴ
Ķʨӿ죬գ۵ĹʨѾǰѪھѾֱͷ­
ס֣ʱ
ҿüʱ׳ʱıס
ǰ׳ǰʵʲôˣΪʲôҪɱ޹
׳۾ȵߣǸΪǮƣҵͬࡣұѩʲô
һü֮æٴȥ׳
ķ֮£׳ûκε״ʲô࣬Ӧþһˡ
˵ﻰǿѵɱ˲ɣ
ʻ׳Ѿ֪Լ˵©죬˱۾һԲ


352 
Ȼֲ׳Ǳһ׳ֱжȥ
׳ӦǺǸǮϰʶԼᵽǮϰǰͷһţʲôġ
׳˿ջǮϰķǰѾûǮϰˡ
ʱڲԶһ֮УѾ̽Դ֡
΢΢һЦԼǸ׳Եеʱ򣬶ѾǮϰתˣȻǸСѾͷ
Ȼ׳ԱߵǸӣֻǮϰڴߣǾ֣ԱվŶ߶µĵϰ塣
Ѿֵվǵǰߡ
Ѿһ㣬׳̾ͷɱǰú۹׳
ǸɱѽҲ
ԭ׳Ȼ֣ȴǳĺ
ѵҪɷĲǣຩթˣǻ
˵ͽ׳ӵ˵ϣȻŴߵǮϰ˵˵׺ʲôڣΪʲôȡ
Ǯϰ忴׳ڵϲԲӦǱƷˣһȻǿİֱ壬˵˵ʵҲ֪ʲôˣֻʱҪɱҡҪһܹףûˡ
֮üô£׷ɱ˸֪ʲô
ýߣڵϲ׳
㵽׺ǮϰʲôڣʵǮϰ캦飬ôǵҾͲԤˡ
׳һĻ۾һȻɨԱߵǵϰһֳĬ
Ͼ˼Ƕǵϰ˵ûˣʱȥɡ
ǵϰͲϾأһڣƨ˳ȥ
ûˣʲô˵ɣ
׳ĬһǿֱǮϰҧгݵ˵ɱֻΪĲҵͬ࣬Ѿ޼ɵĵزΪͬķܣֻǳ²ߡ
ֻղҲһ䣬㵽Ҳ׳˵ʲô˼
׳˵Ҳˣ۾˵ЫӾ
⻰һڣǮϰ㶼һ
Ǯϰ度µǣû뵽׷ɱԼľȻǸ֡
һΪԼղۣεɨ׳ûзࡣ
Ǹ׳Ҳǹı飬һԳЦ
Ȼ꣬Ǵû˹˵ʮϣԼҲ
г֮󣬱ʩչܷͶ̥һӤϣڵ⸱
֮Ȼ򣬹ֲ׳˵Ыӵͬ࣬ԭ껹ԼЫӵһࡣ
ǰһʱ䣬˵ǮϰչЫӣȻ⸽ÿ꾭֣Ҫʮϵͬ࣬׼ɱ
֮ü֪˵ʲôҪ˵ΪԼͬҲӦõģȻѾˣӦӽȥ⡣
׳ԼЫӵһ֣ûȫͬԼݡ
㻹治֪ô
ܲܰ׳ɱ˰ɣҪ֪Ѿˣ˵ʵȻɱǮϰ壬ûгɹ
ҪɱЩ֡
ΪѵʱǸǮϰȴ˵ˡ
һΪΪʲôԭǴ£׳ʿ㿴вУ
ҴӽԺҲӴ˻ȥΪǾͰ½ҹȥɺã
׳֮գգ۾ͬˡ
ãֻҪ㲻ӪԺ˰ֵ֮ơ
ǮϰҲһʹģ׳Ļ̶ģ
ҴӽԺҲԲЫΪΥģ
ãʹ죬ɷһ׷ҵֵˡ
Ա߿ֱ죬Ŵ˶ôˬ
ղŵʱ˻Ǻɱôûм仰Ĺ򶼳ֵˣԼô죿
Ҳã˻ɸΪ񲯣Ҳһ׮¡
ȻѾͽˣԼûҪô󹦷ˡ
öѾл˵ȻԸҸи׳һƣ֮Ҫָǡ
ǾʱǸǮϰȴ˵ߣмξ֮Ҳܲ
˵仰ֵ֮ȡһű顣
æƴǵɲɣֻǾ֮ͣôҪı
ǮϰֻЦЦȻǱ飬˵ҴӽԺҪˣⶫҲûʲôˣڽõ
˵֮ͽߵ˵ݣϽҡͷͲӡ
ƴˣⶫҾǸȴǶԵдá
ⱦдһչģֻ뵱û뵽нѪεⱦ֮ϣԺ󣬵ΣգⱦͻʾҪ˵ҲӦǸ
֮Щ档
Ҫ֪һɱôҲƽ
ӾȻܹǰԤ֪˵ļףǿɾ˲ˣɼ渽ŵĹǷͬСɡ
ڻЩ۲ӣ˵ȵǮϰٴΰӵݹʱŤŤĽ˹
ȻǮϰ񰮣Ҿ͹ˡ
㽫ⱦŵ˻Уһ룬ȻԱߵĶѾ˵Ƶļȡѡ
Ѿ⻰̾ʹܳȥûжĹ򣬾ͱİѼǰ
ӹЩݵǮϰǰ
ЩҲǷԺ㷲ħֻ֣ҪǽѼĴͷЩͲҿ
ǮϰҲǸʹˣ⼸ѼҲƴǣСĵĽ˹ԼİȻл
Ҳûʲôˣһεĸǡ
ǸԽ͵˿ջߣֱĳӰŻкƸǸ׳С
˵뿪˿ջ·ϣʹӻȡǿű飬ϸĹۿ
űֻһͨ飬ûκε
ǵȵ̽Ǳ֮ȴǱһĹ赲ôҲ޷͸Ǳ
һ֮ȻҧԼʳָѪεⱦ֮ϡ
ѪҺոⱦ֮ϣ̵˱
ʱ֮оȻһĸо֪һԼǰǣ鲻ôƽӦЩۡ
üͷԼеű顣
ղŵָоӦⱦڸԼʾԼһǰǲô˳
̾һ·ŻԼĻС
ʱѾԱߵ̽Դϵ˵ʦ֣ղõҿ¡
ЦЦӻȡ˱飬Ѿһס
ѾֽӹӣһЦԴ֮С
ʹСŮߴߴʱһĻЦ
ЩŮӵЦҰ֮вͣļţƵҲһЩ


353 
·̷ǳ˳û鵢Ǻܿ͵˾ǡ
ԱߵǸǰǶǣԸ⾩ǵĸ֡
ܳ36ǽ3ɣ1.5ɡ8ţΪšӭţΪšţΪšţΪͨšš
ᴩеĴһΪͨźͰţһΪϱͨ˹źͿš
ɵ⣬жϱ·
·Ӵǵӭŵʳǵţһϱ·Ӵǵͨŵʳӱš
ģĳУ˵ѾǷǳˡ
Ҫ֪йĹŴҲ࣬ȫᣬҪ뽨˹ģĳУĵѾﵽܳܵļޡ
ǳǴܳʵۿľӪĽ
ڲжϣƾΰĳǳأǰΧһʱҲûʲô취
ھǵĳۿһΰеۣ۽˳С
磬ҲȥǴУڽ뾩֮󣬲֪ʲô׸ʲôǰ֮ء
ֻ¥廧ţ񳵾פۡ߹̣跻ġǻ·գҫգƮ㡣Ħࡣ˵ķ֡
㵽ǴִģǼһЩ棬Ȼᷱͷ󣬻̵ܹס
ǶѾȼСŮȴһˣǿɶģĳ档
СŮڰͷ˳Ĵԣɴ۾ֵԹһ¶Ľɫ
۴תת֮ǰ·Զǳ͢ĸš
ͨ˲ĴУԵ徻࣬·֮ϣĶǴĸʽ۵ˡ
۴̫ǰ
̫רŹڽ̵Ļɮ»˾»˾µɮ
ﱨȻڵ»˾
Ǹһȥ̫棬ܿʹ߳˼ٷˡ
Ϊ׵һòã֮һƮݵơ
˵˵ѧʣιۿݳĻ׽֮ġ
ȴЩȻΪ֮£λ˶һźھۼ
ǺɫĹɡǣͷ赲£λϾҪǻꡣ
ȱµ¸ɶˣԲžۼ֮ԹλҲһСˡ
뵽ʱӵĽˣҪ֪ɵӣɲܵСˣҪ˵ˣʱڱԼһ¡
㲻Ǹ˼ǰ͸Ͻǰ˼ĴһףȻ˵ƶϣ꼣ˡ
Ϊ׵ԱȸԼ¶һ˿Цݡ
첻ؿǵĿˣܸЩ񣿡
Ȼô˵Աȴûл񣬶վһ
˹ǫˣǳ͢٣ҲɽҰ򣬸Ҳƽ
һԱӵˣһţ֮źߵĻ֮
֮Աҽܡ
ԭ̫䡪ɮ١
еعٲֹܣǰһʱʱǰλʮֵİǶλԼ٣ȴʮֵ
ԭˣ¶жţڳ֮͢Ϊҵɮȡ棬µĵ˵лˡ
˵ʱվһ
ףźӣ΢Цĵ˵ͷȻǫĵûʲôǱӦġ
ڵ̬ȸӵĺơ
ΪղŵĹάӵ
Ȼڳ͢˶˵ҹԼȴôΪ
ΪԼӭϻϣΪ͢Ϊµɮı
˵̸͸ӵˣλҲ˵һЩڵ
һΧ˰У˴󹦣ҲǶжţ˲ǰǻ档
ƶйͣû뵽Ȼ˻ϵҡ
ʹҲܵġ
˵ʱǷǷȵ˵һػǰǣʦնɴȺǷǳŭģҪСˡ
һüȻʵλʦͨҲ˵ҰСҲûʲôͻʦŭ
ЦЦȻһ˵ǹʦǷˣǵеĸˣôܹ̳֮͢һλʿٳ衣
㰵ĵ˵ͷȴ
Թұݣοʥ硣
лѡ
㣬Լ˼Ҳһ
ԭ֮⳯͢ϣλնɴȺԽԽŰ裬ԵĻҲԭˡ
ټλնɴȺǿĳ͢ԱҲ׷׵£Ҫǳ͢лй˾ѹڳ͢ĻȨѾϡ
ΪŵһλǿĵǰǣλնɴȺͥ
ڹ֮Ϣһҹ糯Ҿʲôʱټ㡣
һУˡ
ֵµĹԱ̫µĹ֮УʱİЪ
ڰź֮ʹҴҵĻ˹ٷֱʹ
ʱ򣬴ܳ˳»ʵۣں֮У
ֻ⹬֮У翣ʽĴ˷ǻʵ۵ĺ󹬣ķ̳
˳»ʵڴһľϣ˫Ŀʹһλɮһ붨
ͻȻ֮һλ̫ԣȻ˵ү̫
˳»ʵۺûһȻĿ
Ǹ̫๭վһ˿һı䶯
˺һ˳»ʵ۾ԱһλŮ衣
˳»ʵ۽ӹ裬ڿ֮̾һλŮ̵͵ߡ
˳»ʵ˿еĲˮһԵ̫˵ɡ
̫Ͻ˼ֱ˵ſڣŸתҴҵȥˡ
һ̫˴⣬ٴδ˳»ʵ۵ּ⣬
̫ĴСؽ˴Ȼڵǣ˳»ʵ۵ķԸ
һ֮ϴһϣȴʮϵ
ôҴҵļޣʲô¶
Ͻǰ˼ȻЦ
үеǸʿѾˣصϵϲ
ڴ֮ϵ˳»ʵۣ棬оһϲ
λ˳»ʵԴ׵ʱ򣬾ͶԳʮֵûеʥ磬뷨ֻǾлˮ¡
ڵеʥҵĸ˲λ˳»ʵ˲ʵʵ


354 
λ˳»ʵ۴ӵǻ֮ͿʼɽߵŸɵĸߵŸǰнܷ
Ǹɵĸȴûκһλ˳»ʵ۸оһ˿һΪ
ˣյǻ˳»ʵۣ˼֮ҲʧˣʼרĴ
㻹˵λ˳»ʵۻǴˣûмʱ䣬Ĵܣ͢ķ˳ʢ
ʮĳ°ҵ
˳»ʵԽԽۿž͵ĺ꣬λʵ۶ԼľͷԽԽֲʱǲʵʵ
һȴѵŸųˡ
ΪʱûٱЩʿƭķľͲûиоһ˿УΪЩʿƭӡ
Ȼָˣôֻˡ
㻹˵ûж೤ʱ䣬ҵһλŵĸˣ˲ˣնȴȺ
λŸ֮͢У˴ڻʵ˶ȣͳ֮⣬һЩϲ
ټնȴȺ˻һЩĵҩûж೤ʱ䣬˳»ʵ۾͸о彡ָʱľ
˳»ʵϲǳΪⶼǷŷϻͯ
ˣ˳»ʵ۾ͶλնɴȺʼмӣһЩ͢вҪҲ
ʱƣնɴȺڳ͢ԽԽ󣬵ʱ򣬻ʵ۲ŸоŨŨв
˳»ʵҲִ¼ʮҲЩ̵ģڸоԼв֮󣬾Ҫ
ɳԼĵƣ˾еĸǰȥɱλܳʦ
ǳĲ˳ɳȥ˶˼һ
նȴȺҲо˻ʵ۶ԼĲΣ˸ɴľԭȵĴȱߣʼӵŰ裬糯֮ϼεĶײʵۡ
һնɴȺȻڹʦʩչֳͨ˷ŷ
һֱӾ˾ǵϿա
ǹ˾󹩷ó͢˽ѹȥĻڳ͢Ѿֻ֪նɴȺ֪˳»ʵˡ
ʱ˳»ʵ۲ŸоЩڣ־նɴȺͨ
λնɴȺһα͢˽ѹ֮Ҳ֪ڳ͢Ȼʼ˥ܣǻûеĩŲòһݷ
˫ʱһ΢ƽ⡣
Ϊ͢Χ˰̵ʱ˳»ʵ۲ɳ˾еĸֻ֣ɽĸŸɵĸǰȥ
δս֮Уӱ˳»ʵǰһ
λʵһЩʿ볯͢նȴȺҲ˵ѵŵҲ볯͢ͷ࿹⣬ʱܹ
Ϊ˳»ʵ뷨һϷ
˳»ʵ棬оһϲȻתͷվԼԵ̫ࡣ
飬ǹ˾ôλ
̫ͷ˵ػϵĻūѾ˿ˣλѳɣֻҪǰһǵ֮
ʵ֮üȻʵܵеùնȴȺ
үʦǿǵ֮е̳
⻰˼ǳˣǾ˵λȻ˵ǷǿǱѾǵɵնȴȺǲ˺ܶࡣ
˳»ʵǳʧ
̫Ҳ˻ʵ۵˼΢΢һЦȻοʵ۵үģλȻ˵ûгɾ͵ɣȴмҲ˵ãĺ͹ʦ˭ʤ˭˵
˵ʱλ̫Ժв㷨صͨ
ʩչͨ¾һĵˣҲֻǱӡ
ټ㻳еǷͷΣܺնȴȺһС
˳»ʵĵ˵ͷȻ¹±ߵ˵޽췦ˣٴмޡ
֮
㹪ĸˡ
֮֮Ҳûˣ˳»ʵ۵һͷ˼һ£ȻԱߵ̫ʣ飬˵ܲ޳
̫˳»ʵ۵Ļһȴûκεıʾֻ˵үū˵ɥû˵λʵ޳ʿҲûǸ֪еء
˳»ʵʧ̾һ
ǹʦնȴȺЩȻҲһЩ鵤ҩ湦취Ҳֻǿ壬ȴûһ˿һϣ
˳»ʵڶڳǳִţȻô˶ûа취ȴûзϣŵȵӼʱ˳һʡ
ܹ֪еĵȻǺã֪Ҳûʲôϵ˳һʰˡ
һҹ޻ڶ磬̫Ե֮ȥ㡣
ҲҵѾͼѾߣڹ֮ϢչֻСϻҪ˽ԳȥǷǡ
⵹㵨С£ֻΪ·ϣǱԤԼδ֪Լھ֮еʮֵ˳һ²һ£ɴöѾڹдˡ
ųһ·˻ʹţ̫˸㡣
׼ϵЩͷֽУЩ̫˰죬ûзʲôΥƷ˻ʹ
һС̫࣬ţڻʹ֮дУܿľһ⡣
㱻̫లڵȺ򣬶˴֮С
һһ̫Ҵҵܵǰ
λɣ
㱾Ŷһ²һµԭ򣬶̫˵ͷ
ƶ
̫һ˦еĸȻЦе˵үּõ
֮ϽһȻȡһ͵͵̫С
Ұ֪һҪʲôʧ֮빫ָ㡣
Ǹ̫һеĶ;óģ϶֮ģӦһƽ
̫̾Ц˻
ģһңҵָ㡣
̫һ£Ȼ˵ү黹㲻عڵĵġ
֮󣬸Ͻٴεл
̫ʹ˴ڴ뿿ʮʱ̫಻ɫضһ֡
Ͼ˶Է˼ϽĹڵء
̫СףԱߣм˳»ʵ档
үʿ
˳»ʵ۷е飬¿˿±߹һòͨĵʿ
˳»ʵ۲ûòȡˣΪѾʮ꣬ʲôû
ˣ
˳»ʵ۵ķԸ̾С̫˽Σ˵¡
һС̫ǰ㣬˽Աߡ
Ҳֻƨմ˽һ£ʵ
ϱߵ˳»ʵۼ㻹ǹĵ˵ͷ
ͳѾʮҲɽ󴨣⼸ʮȴûһţһд֪Ϊ޽󣿡


355 ߷
û뵽˳»ʵһʼֵ⡣
ʱѾˣʷҲй˽⣬磬ӹеĻʵ۾ûһܹġ
еԭ㻹ǲ֪
ʵۼȻʳ⣬͵øʵһ𸴣𸴶ôĻ
ڷɿתѵϵĸִ˵ԼϵĴԶйһ顣
֯һǶǵĴ𰸡
꣬ԹŻʵ˻ʣͳ˳У޵ǹ˻֮ʱԲȻƶѹˡ
˵ʱЩ飬Ϊұģ̧ͷĵĿһ˳»ʵۡ
û뵽ʱ˳»ʵۣȴ۷ŹĿ㡣
Ϊ˳»ʵ׷ѾʮˣŸɶûиһܹŷĴ𰸡
ղŵĻشȻҲǶǣ˳˳»ʵ۵˼
ǻƶʲôطôû˵
Щͷʹͬʱĵͷ˵꣬ƶ֮䣬ʵ飬ҵܹ⡣
ŶȻôܹ֪
꣬еľأǰˣȥƶΰݹеλɻʡ
˳»ʵĻ۾ӿϣһ˵ڻƶλʥӣҡ
˵仰˳»ʵҲܿѹ
Ͼǵ˼ʮĻʵۣ˼֮ɲСܹġ
˳»ʵۺܿͰѻЦ˵˵һΧ˰̵ʱܶࡣǵԳֻ壬͢Ĵ֪ʲôʱȡʤ
ҲңΪ͢ҵ֮˵ı֡
˳»ʵ¶һ˿Цݡ
عǫڵǼˣй֮ġ
˳»ʵ˵仰֮Ավŵ̫ʹ˸ɫ
̫ϽĴȡһʥּȻ߸ߵйͷ֮Сĵףǰ
Ҳɵӣ˼˳»ʵҪԼͣ˸Ͻվڵء
̫ʶȤ΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻʥּ
˻ʵۣگԻŵеʿΪ޽֮é󿪣Ϊͣ߷ΪͨԪ͡дմˡ
֮˵ϣ꼣жּ
̫Ͱеʥּϣ֮˻˳»ʵ۵ԡ
ʥּվٴθ˳»ʵ
΢СûϺ񰮣ǻ֮̿ԣӽֻ֪֮˹ִأ˳Ӧˣʳꡣ
ɴ־οھ֮ΪһۣھǵʱСЪ
˳»ʵԱߵ̫˵ɸˣصۿһ
ūȥ졣
±ߵѾ˵֪˳»ʵҪˣ˸Ͻվǡ
˳»ʵ۲û˵ֻǵ˵ͷԱߵ̫Ȼǰһ±ߺ򰲡
Ͻٴ˳»ʵߵͷվһС̫Ĵ³˴
˳»ʵ۵۹һֱıֱ㲻Ӱ̾һԵ̫˵飬˵ʿıʦţһλ᲻ɽʿЩ
үĲʿѾˣȻ˳͢ˣͻͳ͢Ϊһ壬ʦΪЩҲɽ
˳»ʵĵ˵ͷҲ
˳»ʵۺܿһ˿ŭ
նȴȺʧǸµҰУ޵ʶн죬û뵽ҰȻ
˳»ʵ۷йһͨȻŴĵƽϢһԼʣ󹩷ôˣ
ػϵĻ󹩷δֻǿŻʳ˽ǿά岻
ʵ֮̾˿վڴ˼
ǴθյĴսȻ˵ǽնɴȺѹȥµƴ󹩷Ҳˡ
ЩȫŻʳ˽ǿάĻȪˡ
˵޽յĲ⣬ҲǸʿˣܷƾЩ˺նȴȺ࿹
£챦һ˲õͨټϻʳӦÿǿնɴȺ֡
˳»ʵ۳ĳһֻҪʿʱܹסնɴȺȵ󹩷ȬܹЯ˫֮һٽ
ãھֵµ˰ѽ鴫ȥҪǵ˶֪޶ʿмӡ
ūּ
˵ʥּ뿪˴С̫Ĵ³˻ʹ֮һֱ
˳»ʵΪ׼һǾµĵۣǰľ֮УҲΪֱˡ
λҲǳĺãھǵ
ھ֮ôһ仰ƶ
ǵǴٹۼܸ֮׼һۣҲ˵˳»ʵ۶ӡ
֪⻹⣬۲Զһûʵʦ
ǰ۵ʱ·⴦ʦ
ۡȫǰĸģм˷̵ĸֽơ
·ʱ򣬲ۣй
һֻŵĿɿڴ
Ϊķ֮УһӲӵķ֮
ķ۴ʱҲ۾һۡ
ֻһۣķ۹һ
⻹˵ģ˵ɢ޾ϣֱӾͰڵĽѹĸ޷ת
üЩ죬û뵽羹Ȼǿķʿ
Լոʵۣܷ˲˵ķţټԼȻǣǶնɴȺҲжš
˸ղһ·ϣѾ˳»ʵ۵˼˸˾Ųʮ
ǻϽԼƳҪλնȴȺʦ̨ˡ
λʦͨҲЩա
㲢ûκεĺ£λʦȻͨ󣬵ûгɾɣҲӦֻǸɡ
ڷ֮У޺㲻ϡ
ԼķǿʤȻ˵Ѿ޷Ľ磬ֻҪһܹԼƽ
ֻǾ鷳Ժһʱ䲻ðˡ
С̫Ĵ£ʵ۴͸Լĵ֮УѾ߰˸Сʿڵ֮кˡ
ЩСʿ㣬ʥּˣȻ֪ǵĹˣųһţڴ֮ϵѵ
㿴ǰ߰˸ʮһСʿüͷǲ֪ô졣
ֻӣһѯЩСʿһʿɰһ
ԭЩСʿСÿһһǻ
һЩͷʵ۵ʲô˼
ôԼһѵڣԼôź


356 ˱仯
εĿ˿µ߰˸СʿʵԼͳһЩķš
û취⼸СʿźĺãԼҲǲܹһЩķ
Ҳ˵淨ǲ֮أŲǶ˵һЩС淨ŲʲôҪ飬Ҳûʲôɹǵġ
Ȼ˵ѾһЩͷҲûзԼļӡ
ڵ±ߵСʿ˵ȻǵźҵģôԺһҪСĽҵҲɺҷΪ
֮
⼸Сʿʱõ˻ʵ۵ԶĻʮֹĽˡ
ĵͷֻҪЩʵһжǺ˵
վһԵС̫ѾʶˣСԣ˵үûʲôµĻūžͻȥͻϸˡ
ղһ·͹ˡ˵ʹӻȡһӣС̫С
С̫Ҳûоܾһ¾ͽӴ˻У֮㹰֣ˡ
㿴С̫뿪ıӰоֱ顣
ԼǴƷѣǻƽǰģЩǮɶԼѪǮ
У취ЩǮȫ̻
˼ʱǸʿСĵԡ
ʦͽιһǵĵ۰ɡ
ѹбۿ˿ʿ
ˣһһ£ι۵۵Ժ˵ɡ
˵֮תȻֱ۵Ĵȥ
ЩСʿ࿴˿ȻϽĸһ˴֮С
˴̧ͷֻϹoĵһģһʦ
տʼ㻹Щƣʦǵo˵ĬĬôǵ
ܿеĹؼҪ֪ۿǹٸ޵ģٸ̽ӿ˵޿ײ룬еЩͱ͢͸ˡ
ĬĬǰȡ򣬸ʦϹ㣬Ȼ󹧹Ŀͷ
֮վ˵һԶŸļСʿ˵ȻǻźҵģǣҲţ˶ɵɲ֪
ô˵Ϊ׵Ǹ۾оһ˿⣬Ȼһ˷ܵؿ㡣
Ϊ֪ʮֵأڸľоûгֹƾձĳһ
£ĻүүҲʮֵͷۡ
±߼Сʿ鿴һûаϡ
ЩԶµֻԼͶѾˣĶǶ׫ġ
۾Ϳʼ˵Ϲˡ
ⷬ˵ǣǰѵ񻰴ͷβĺЩ˽һ顣
µǼСʿĿҡۣû뵽㱳
Ȼд󲿷ֵĶ񻰣ҲܴЩпеһߡ
Щ˽֮΢΢һЦȻ˵ȻǸңǾҵͽˣҴ󿪴ţʽš
µļСʿ֮϶¶˾ϲ֮ɫȻһ𹧹Ĺǰ
ҵȽʦ֮
ĵͷ
ˣ͵ˣǸԻȥæԼɡ
˵֮ͲЩˣ֮ȥ
СʿĽͳ˴ţֱ㲻ӰһԻ࿴˿ж¶һ˿ϲɫ
ԭ˸СʿǺͻմ״ʵģеǸǽ֦Ҷڶ֮жۡ
ΪڻʵҪѡ˸Сʿźʱű˳
ϾǵóľͲź˵飬Ȼ˵ϱʵ۳ŵѧϰͨЩ˿ɴϣЩ翵ϡ
ǰ˸ʱ򣬿˵ͬ
ڿɺˣλʦƢֻҪСźҲѧЩǲܳϣҲܹЩͨǰ˸˵Ҫǳ͡
ǰ˸˵ʱ㿪ʼתһĹϣЩ˵˿ʼٵǡ
ֱ˸˶ϵĺȫɫȻֱֹͨͣ
Щ仯Ҳڹʦеλʦ
նɴȺڴ֮У
Ȼ˵ǵʥǴЩʦȴ͵ȫͬ
Һʲôӣеϵһʧˡ
˵󲻵ʼϵΪŸµĵҲʼֻҡ
˵ڣߵΪҲǵˣͻƾûκϣˡ
ΪնɴȺȴǾžޣȻ֮ܵУһ˿ͻƵͨ
ЩܳǱУǴﵽ˵֮ۡ
磬ͻƵʱȴǧѡ
Ϊϣûиκεͨ
ھǰһʱʱһ˿仯ǣֳһ˿֮ͨ·
նɴȺһġ
ʱУնɴȺĸӦӵܣͬʱҲʼһλʦţֻҪԼٴǱУӦںܿʱܹɺɵϣĳɾ޺
֮ǰǾǴȳȡܳˣĻƾУ½Ҳɾɡ
նɴȺ˵ı仯Ƿǳеģڸղȡܳι˵ʱͻȻо⾩֮а˹˳
նɴȺæֻܹĹʦԶǸС֮УȻ˰˹ǻʼˣһϢΧУ˹Ե
նȴȺ龰ϾʹʧɫΪ˹֮оȻ̺һûм
Щһֱ˹ˣʲôĻ˸һ𣬽ɾҲǵɣ˸ܹͻһֱɾ硣
˸Сʿܹڳ֮͢кͻʵ࿹նɴȺ˽һǰ˸˿˵ʵӣеĻʲôɹôûһĹˣ
ѵ˵СлʲôԼ֪ܣ
նȴȺһ룬Ȼ͵һΣžһɫĹâ䵽˰֮Уžһŵ֮
ԭնɴȺѾʩչ˷һ˰֮С
ֻ֮Уһϥϣִȱ
նɴȺһɵķõƮȥ
ոսӽĵۣ֮бһɷĹâ
âһϣһۻС
նȴȺâһգͺĸڲͣ塣
ûֻüзųһ⣬֮л
ЩâȻ֮ųɫâų⿪
նɴȺֻ΢΢һЦȻһȥ


357 
նȴȺõۣǾĻӽ۵ʱ
йɵ𶯣һĲƿʼɢ
Ⲩ֮УնȴȺоʶѾ֮С
ʶʵڣֺ翡оɲ⣬ֺƽޱȡ
նɴȺʱЩòԾˣΪоֻͻԼ
նɴȺΣнٵʱϾֹͣǰȻ΢ͣһ£¶Ļһ⣬뿪˵ۡ
նɴȺûԶڰ֮м۲ɢŹϹĵۡ
ǰҲʱ۲ûһ˿ԣ֮Уɳڲͣ
ƻûȫͣɸͲҿ
ʵնȴȺҲǵù
ղ׵ʱѾͨ޾ά֮УʦѾӦ㣬ҽһ˿ʶ֮ϡ
ʦʶոոĹ޾άеʦϵ
ʱҲʼ٣һ磬ĬĬĹ۲һУʱĻУʦͨ
ŲĲ
ʱնȴȺ˽ⲻҵù
ܿڵ֮еβ㿪ʼļâͲʼʦĵС
ǼʹնȴȺҲӲΪղŵǴжѾ㹻ľѡ
߷˽⣬նɴȺ֮С
նɴȺ۾۹⴩͸ص˲Զĵ֮С
룺͢һҵĵʿЩµģȻܵסԼķ
ԼӦøϽжˣĻó͢һ߻ټʿֲĻԼ鷳
뵽ʱնɴȺѾ⣬Ҫӿȡ͢ˣԼٶȳɾ޺֮
ܳ͢ǷΪʧʧ¶Ͳ˼Χˡ
˵뿪µ۵㣬׼ǰվ֮нӶѾ¼ҡ
ûжĹͷ鷳ˣΪ·ˡ
˼ˣҵ˵·ײײ»صվ֮С
ʱվеĶѾѾļˣرǲڴſڵ㡣
ԴӸ֮󣬾ͶĹһֱСźʳӡ
˵ʵõģҪ磬ͶѾҲʲôˡ
վſڣ̽ͷ̽ԵܹͻȻһϲ
ԭڲԶĽֵУ߹˴ŵ۵㡣
Ҳ˲ʲôһ·СܵԣץʵүôڲŻǲǼϵʱˣ
˵ʱһĵġ
㿴СѾͷ΢΢һЦԴȻ˵ûʲôھ֮иǴһ¼ңȥ￴һ£ŵʱ䡣
֮һȻϾЦ˻Ȼջ֮סķ仹ǲȷʵǷǳĲǵƢ
رһĹԱӵܣòǼεЦ
ҪǼɵǻĿˣͰȥˡ
ΪѾһֱٳţʲô鶼ȥġ
ܹ뿪طиԼļңôһоͺ˵ˡ
˹䣬ȻһȦԼסСԺ
Ƚ˷䣬ͼѾص߶ǰˡ
ڽӵƽĻѾһӾͱĵԣĸ첲
ʦ֣ȥĶˣôڲŻ֪ൣ𣿡
ʲôõĵģȥõģ˵ʱ¶һ˿Ľ
˵Ĺ򣬸Ͻĸϴˮ
ϴѱϣѸղŵľͶѾ˵һ顣
ѾΪһѾͷԴ뿪֮ͱһ汦ڶʹǷǳĽ
ſԣҪѻʹһһΣ
ԱߵȴЩˣǰ˼ѾȻµ㣺үûԷɣò±߸׼緹
ЩСѾͷǵĶûпһ˻Щˣ׼ɣԱ֮Ͱҡ
֮΢΢һЦȻվһԵ˵߹ˣ׼緹ɡ
ʵ飬ȻԸȥˡ
ѾԽ޴ҷǳĲ⣬Ҫֻ֪ԼѾߣԽԼֱӾͷԸ飬ûûС
ǰѾҲ÷Ѿͷɲôˡ
۾һת⡣
磬ҪʱȽϼϿȥǵʰһ£Ȼʦֻµ·ϴˣʡһߵʱ
֮۾ϴЩǰɵôֵԼˣ
ǿŶѾǼᶨı飬֪ôҲûʲôˣֻܰԹĿ㣬һ۱һһŲ˳ȥ
ʱűӣͲ簧Թ
ѾȴǴʤһض֣Ͽȥ
Уǰĵ緹ˡ
ʹСڸϽʰȻһһֻСϻ뿪վֱµĵȥˡ
ǽ˵ְۣ˸СʿѾ극ˡ
˸˻ʵһ䣬緹𣿳Եʲô
λϽĳ𻰣ʦǵ֮йٸ͸
Ŷôûм
Щ˶ںߣûʦĻǰ
˵ͷȻԸԼԵĶѾ˵ЩԺ͹ˡ
õġѾϲĻش
εҡҡͷָָ±ߵİ˸Сʿ˵⼸ҲյĵӣһʱŻţЩǰǣͶˡ
˵֮˸Сʿ˶Ѿ
˸˷ǳʶȤһһĶŶѾʦ塣
ѾȻͱЩСȴСһ̧ظ߸ߵİűһǴӦˡ
ںլ֮и˷䣬ʱ
ԶĹʦе飬÷ǳŽ
ˣոջնɴȺ͵õϢ
նȴȺڱ֮ϣһ£ͻȻתͷվԼԵһӷԸҷŹ㿪֮ţʿҿЩʣȥʿ뵽ܽУҲһ׮¡
棬նȴȺţʷǳĺãѾɾɣ˵ȼҲࡣ
ʦּ
˵֮бĿʹ˵
նȴȺҲĿʹͬʱ֮пʼһܳ͢˿ʼû֮С
Ǿʱ򣬴ܳ͵ͣһ£ȻмһֻӣȻʧٶȿʼȻ


358 
նɴȺüͷһ壬̾ʹ֮ѹ
˫Ŀʹ˫Ŀ֮˳֮û֮С
һ˫ǰչֳһĻ棬ЩʧٶȷǳĿ졣
նȴȺȻǿЩ棬Ҳֻǿһ۰צ
ʹҲһЩߣԭЩгֵ㡣
նȴȺüͷһ룬ı仯ΪСʿġ
СʿԼĺ£Ҫʱֻʹɱˡ
ȻҲܻʦţܺŷͻΪԼܹɾɣҲ˲Щˡ
նɴȺ֮󣬾ʹı۾һν
һεյ˸ӵˣǰǱڵĴ󽭱ھһСССϪ
նȴȺȷʵгɣıȻܹСϪӿˡ
ɴ˿ɼ֮ᶨ

˵㣬ڰµĵ֮̾ЩСʿ߶һҶ˵ſڡ
۵֣Ȼǰϰ߽ۡ
˵ڵĶ죬ľֵһεΡ
ѾΪʦãЩСʿʦãȻҲģվԣ㡣
ЩСʿǸճΪʿģ֪ЩθøʲôֻǸͶѾװģһ
ν֮ڴ֮ϣǼСʿѵ
޷ǾһЩҵ֮صĹأкܴһֶЩСʿĿš
˵һʦžͻɢһΥʦͻᱻȥһһǣȵȡ
֮ҪôҲûа취±ߵЩСʿǰǳ˼ңǻ׹ݣڸԼѧҪ˵ĸԸģһţǳԣʡõʱ鷳Լʰ
ǰ˸Сʿ͵õʲô˵ָ㣬˶Ļǵü˳ۣһȫ̽ܵӡ
Ǳֻ㲻һЩ
˵ҸղŶѾ˵ˣеʦţڸˣϣܹǱ޵Ҳһ
˵仰ʱζĿ±߰˸һۡ
ȼҵţôǰ־ǰ£Ҹǰ˸ԺǾɡ
ʦԸ
Ҫ֪һɣûʽķУҪɴУӦһʽĹء
һ£Ͼ⣬Ȼ˵ɷԣصʵ£ȫ渴̫ͣ־䣬ݽƣ庺ͨԪ蹣ߺ꣨룩ޣɽģӿ鲨ѭ
ǰ˸ˣɽһյĵӣʹӵһֿʼ
ָǻ˵ҵĿɽӣؾ
ָ߸˷ֱȡ˷ؽ䣬ԵԪԣʣز
Ϳʼ̵˸ŵһЩأԼ
һЩģȻϥԼҲʲôֻһЩ½ˡ
⵹С㲻֪ЩͶԼµʲôֻЩһЩŵĶȵһʱ俴Щ˵ԼƷԣٴҲ١
˸˻ƽȻ㲢ûдʲô˸˲û¶һ˿ͷ
Ͱ˸˴ȥǸԻط
ȵ֮󣬶Ѿʵʦ֣ҿ˸ʦֶ㲻ôһЩ
ûĿ˶ѾһۣȻ˵Ϊôõõģ㵱ӸԵϰҲнһʱ䣬οЩ֪׵ˡ
Ѿͷͷ˵ʲôˡ
æˣ֮УĹԱ֪˳»ʵ۳ҵĵʿ̽
ټϾеһЩ۵ĹҲͷ˰æǽŴס
ãѾҲǰˣټһĸԼҵ۵Щ鵹ġ
ǵȵæ˾ʱ򣬲ŷԼĵۺǰһˡ
ԭʱǰ˸ͽܣȻ½½սһЩСˣЩ˾Ȼԭһʼʱ̷ǵӡ
㿴Ͳһ̾ͽ˸ͽȫеԼǰȻһѵ
ǻǼѽҪɴ඼ҹȥ
ǵеĵطǻҴˣôȥ
Ͻģ̰Щ˸ҸߣӽԺеӶԼĻʦĲ
µİ˸ͽܿ㷢ŵȵѵ껰֮Щ̾һɢ
ȵʱЩ˵˾ͶӰһЩ
⼸ͽȻ˵ǽǻҪƷܹȥǲһЩһЩķš
һ֮߰˳»ʵ̾ͽе˻ʹ֮С
һ˳»ʵֱۣӾͿʼѯеİ취
˳»ʵִţ㻹ûûʲô취ı䣬ֻܺ˳»ʵ۽һЩŵ徻֮
Ϊʲô˳»ʵһЩΪΪǴʲô˳»ʵҲѧᡣ
Ļƾʵ֮µĸŸɣǻŰѱеܷ
ȻһȻ˳»ʵ۵ĶһЩǳԵķ˳»ʵ֮󣬳˾һЩ֮⣬û
˳»ʵҲǶˣܿͰȤת֮ϡ
ȻԼ޷г̣ôɴЩʿԼɽ𵤣Լ֮Ҳܹ辶档
㻹ǲó
ûж೤ʱ䣬Ĵ˳»ʵ۵ǰʧˡ
µ˶̵ģʧȥʥ裬ĵҲƽ
ԴӶÿڵ֮У̵ŶѾ
յ˸ӣȴûбţȻÿ칧ź㡣
һ㻹أٹ۲һʱ䣬ʹһЩСطЩҲܿʼʽ
ڴ֮ǰִһˣΪһʱѾ㹻ˣ滹ЩеĸĸԼŮ
ټʱǾĸһҪ鷢
һ㽫ѾͰ˸ȫټԼǰȻ˵⼸ҪʦһˣڹǱɳȥǣĻһȻϳͲ
ǰ˸ȻǺ˵ʦô˵Ǿô
ǶѾˣҪ뿪Щˡ
ʦ֣Ұʦôʱˣûȥǵɽſһһδ£
ƲһۣȻ˵Ҳ룬ĵڹȵгɵʱ㵽ʦҲ١
Ѿŷŭ۾ݺݵƲһۣûһԣǶԼȥˡ
㲻ǶСƢĶѾǶԼĴؾ˵Ҳڵʱ䣬е¾ȫȨ
ؾվ㹧ʩһ
һнʦİš
ĵͷȻҾͽЩ˴ˣȥֺ֮ͶѾϸĽһ£Ȼŷʯָ뿪硣


359 
ȵһγֵʱѾصִɽ͵ĵС
һ˫һأϾһ̳
ԭ㲻ڵʱѾ̫ˣķѾһң˫һأЩ̾͵ˣһ
㼱æűӴӷ˳ԺһԭȻԺӣѾһĲݣͺͻĽҰҲûʲô
㿴һ鷳ҪԼʰǵ÷Ϲˡ
Ժվһȵе̳ȥСٴνݣԼֻ
뿪ʱֻĵԴһֱڳϣһֱֻġ
ֻһ̾ͱĳʮϢˣ󲿷ֶǸĸĵ绰
ĸǷǳΨһĶӵģ˼ÿҪһ绰ʹûнӹҲûмϹ
Ȼǿ¸ĸġ
㼱æĲͨ˸ĸĵ绰
绰һͨǱ߾ʹĸ׽
ô£ôʱҲػһΪء
Ȼ⻰ȴиоŨŨĹġ
ʱҲڹУһصĵطУûй˵ְֻ
һҲʼ
ҲǵģȻҪҲҴкżüΣͲˡ
ӣͲҷҲԼ²ܣøĸģһȥʱҪǰҺɡ
ʲôʱҸ׼óԵġ
ôʱ䲻㻹ЩԼļˣ˸æ˵磬Ҿͻȥ
ãҸúһ١
˵绰֮ǳһǺڽȥˡ
үһֿʼ绰ӵ㹤ʰʰۡ
Сʱ֮ͣ˵۵ſڣʹ׳
ڵ۵ſڵأһϽǰӭӡ
ӭңҡ
ԼѣҲԭȵ࣬Ц˵㻹иõӭ㣬ܴ뱲ˡ
ûĿһۣɣأԺֻҪ¿һ㣬Ҿˡ
ҲٺЦָ˵ҵ½Сӣʰʰӡ
㿴˿֮ת´һȻεҡҡͷ
˵ôԽԽˣӵ㹤㶼ɰ׻ġ
˵ʲôأСֻⲻұʡһһĵĻǮǿʡ
ȫĹҪⲻôҪˣǰˡ
㲻ŵͲ⣬ָ˿ʼõ۳ݡ
һæһֱæӣǰĵʰˡ
Ӹ˼ųƱȻǴ򳵻ȥ
ֱĸȥˡ
ĳոճ˿ɽͶʵ⻹ɣ
Ǻ˵ԽԽˡ
ôˣ
ΪԸѽϵҵģǼ磬ҾǲͬҲѽ
֮ЩţҪ֪⻹ǲģҪԭǣ¢˱и۵
˵󲻲󣬵˵СҲСÿҲܸ롣ʮֵȶǺԱա
ô˵оͲˣ
Ҳɻ̾һȻ˵ʱ㲻ǲ֪Ҳ֪ʲôˣڸĺﶼʼˡҾ˵ʮֵ飬ЩԽԽʢǵĵ۶ûˡ
⻰;һ顣
ڵλ洫һֱĴ㡣
ڿԼµڿʼˡ
û뵽ȻԵҵĴô
ڿʲôάǸ棿
ôǿ¡
˵ʱͻȻ۾תͷ˵Ҹ˼мϰҪȥ¡
ǹЩϰôȥЩУң
Ͳ֪˰ɣҪ˵ЩײϰգȻŷķ̱ǵ̵Ķࡣ
ǵһͲƸʱЩϰȴǶŷǵˡ
˵ʱǷǳԵõģΪӹӣһֱڵײ㷢չķǳһ˸߲ͻܵһε޷κεʴ
Ǹһֱỵ̂˵ԼתӺʵۣҲ꿪ʼŵ
Ļһ£Լڵʱ򣬶Լĸĸչˡ
Լһʧܣ˶Լҵļϰ飬ҲĬˡ
һЩͷܹάԼĵԼ⡣
ʵ˵Լ˼ϰʱ򣬾һֱ۲ı飬ڼĬԼˣһ
⼸ϰҲûʲô£ϣȥˮĸһʲôõĻ󷨣Щοˡ
㡰šһǴӦˡ
ǼȻջڼϢ죬ҾͿȥǸϿ⼸°꣬ȻͿһʱˡ
ðɣ⼸ҾͲصˣڼ㡣
ǵ̸ĳǽžͿʼ·οȥ
㿴ľЩ֣ҪȥĶ
㲻ҪؼȥĶ
ҿǺͿˣҼط𣿡
̾һȻ˿㡣
˵˵ֻŵʿˣҶ֪
һ仰㣬Լһ뿪ʱؾԼһ׷ӡ
ѵĸѾᵽ·ȥˣ
ȻʵһܿͿһŵС˵ȡ
ĵķضΣȻһƧĵطĿĶǱûʲô¥ãǲס
Сܿľתһǰ
һͣȣ̾һӰӱд˳Ȼϡ
ӰʱѾⲻԵģǼŵֻСꡣ
ȵӳʱڳСһӾͱĵļϣȻСӲͣĲӡ
ϴЦ⸧Сѩ׵ëȴһĸп
ɵĺӹȻǲͬ죬Լ߸һͣ͸оԼˡ
пʱ򣬱ҲˣŮ͸ĸ׶ӿ˳һ׹
ԵľһͨںһԹ
Դˣֻűӽˣ˭Լôʱ䲻ؼңҲкء


360 
ҿԱߵǻ飬㱻ѵͷ̧ϽΧ
ӣջûϢأȽȥɳѵ
ĸȻ˵ϱԹʵﻹǷǳ۶ӵģĻֽ̾˷䡣
һ̤Լҵ±;Щͷ
ֻһɭᣬڲͣػš
㺦ԼĸĸûЦӯӯĽĸ׺͸ɳϵ֣Ա㣬˼ҳ
ıŮſϣ۾żд˵̸Ц
ֻ׹ſڸΰĽűߣͣҡβ͡
ֻֻС׺꣬Ȼ˵һֱԣ۾ȴһֱһطſš
ע⵽СֻǸһۣµļĸ׵Ľ̻塣
һĸΰѾ˵ĲˣŸΧ
ӸջûأϿӳˣǸϺȼ
ΰ˵ʱֶһԵ˵СҲˣүúúȼ
ǸãҺóʱûĲˣòպÿԴ󱥿ڸ
Ĺά̰ͷ̧ø߸ߵġ
ðɣ̸ţȥǳˡ
˵֮ͽֱȥˡ
ȵʧ˳ɳŲŲλãӿԼĸףȻʵϵʲôʱҵģ
ΰûĿһۣȻ˵һǰʱ绰ؼҰæʮ绰ȥҲûл޵ģҪȻǻǸСء
Щ˼Լڵʱ䣬鷳ˡ
ǲм𣿳ԼڣˣҲǸˡ
תͷ˵ζˣֵлˡ
ֵ˵ʲôллģļ˲ҵļ𣿡
˵ʱ㼷˼۾
ѾһЩҲͲٶˣתͷΰʳԼеɻ
ϵס±ǲǷʲôֵ飿
ΰ֮һ㶣ʲôܿɫƽ˵Ҳ֪ǲǹ£ҾЩϡ档
ʲô
ΰһԼ˼Ȼ˵հʱƽûʲô飬ǹ˼֮ÿϷźŲһ˯
תͷԼŮһֻſԼ϶˯ˣԴǵĻⲻȤ
Ǻôˣ
ôֻðᵽȥ
˵ˣ
ʲôˣͲáһǸСڷķһϷ˯ʮֵ졣
˵ʱΰ͵۹⿴˿űߵֻСꡣ
СҲǹˣֻǿˡ
С׺Ҳΰڿ佱ſֻ۾
һҲͲһ¶ˣȴһ
Ϊ׵ĺܣС׿ǺɵĺӣȻڻûлΣѾˡ
ԼŮһֱ˯ֻССڵʱܰӦʲôԼŮˡ
ֻѹǶҿŮ˯һ
뵽ʱЩŭһôۣ̫ͷ϶
˵ʱһЩǿУǸ߲ʵĶ֣ڵλ棬Ϊ޵С
ΰҲоɫĲԣǻ࿴һۣʳеɻ
ֵô£ѵлʲôΣ
΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻһСС׵ëһ߶Ÿ׺˵С׿ɲһĶѡޣܹѹа
˵ʱʲôдһ£ȻʵҸôˣ
ΰµĻش͵ɷģҿŰᵽ¼ﲻˣԾûд
֮һĿЦҡҡͷ
Ҫ֪ɲǷһħķ
ħ˹£ΪľΪͷӡ
ͷӵķڼйΪѹһеаЩĶһļңӦñͷѹ
Ǳ˸˷ˮˣͷѹҲʲô¶
ǸھΪѿûзڼУñ˿ɳ֮
ΰüҡͷҲòԾ
ôǶôҪ
ȻҪˣԿʩ˷ֻҪڼоܹһµƽ
ΰЩڣȻ˵Ȼͻլһˣӭ¼м
ĬĬĵ˵ͷȴ뷨
ͷӵĵеʱȻܹһҵƽһ˸ԼҩԷƣԷ»ΪԼ۸ء
㲢ü֪Լ飬ԺܿľͰѻˣĵŮĽϡ
Ҫ˵ⷼҲԽԽˣǰﲻõʱѧϰɼǽһμ⣬ˣѧϰɼȴһ·ֱ½
Ϊ⣬ѧУʦѾΰȥѧУΣʲộȻء
ΰΨһŮǷǳĳ谮˻ŷûʲô취
Ѿ˯ŵķѻתԼϣϾ۾֮۾ЩҿԼĸס
üŮӣӦʲôż
˶࣬Ҳõʣȹ찲ҪԼŮú̸һ̸ˡ
˵ĵڣ̲˴ӳ˳Ż̸Ҳ˵˿ˣǼϿȥϴ֣˳ලԽԽˡ
һϽվŮֱϴ䣬ԼලŮϴøɸɾֱص˲֮С
Ļ۲ض˵
ϵʱҲȥˣڵıֻʣļˡ
ڴҶһˣ˶˯¡
ķ䣬ڽڵŮ
ȵҹʮһʱͻȻ۾ȻӴһ·Ŷ˳
ոյ߳ţͻȻľһ׹ǺС׾ſĽűߡ
ȥСëȻŮķָָ
С̾˼վҡҡë׵Ĵβͣһεļ˷ķ䡣
׼ŴҶ˯ʱ򣬰ѼеˣΪ˰ȫСԼŮĺãʡһٳʲôӡ
С֮ٴۣʼйա
һ۾ɰһ


361 
ԭԼļУѾơ
ֻŵɭĺͣĴ˷ӿ뵽ԼļСлһЩɷ
رЩɷһͻһͣڷ֮ߣ֮һĲơ
һ龰Щˣԭɷиֽаɷ
аɷа֮լԱ⣬˼ʹϵҲ
аɷֳΣǾ͸ӵĲˡ
󲿷ֵ˶֮ɫ䣬Ϊ൱ѪаĿֲǶ־£ڷˮѧϣ߱Ϊޣᷢ鶯ȥӰˡ
ԲȻγɵɷΪĶУˮͱƻĲˣͲȻγôɷ֮
ЦһȻ۹Լļң˰ҲûпʲôһĵطЩơ
Щ˼ȻܹӹԼķۡ
㲢ģΪڵ÷ҲֻС
ȻѾˣǾ͸ʹԼ汾ˡ
㽫Լĵ֮УĴ˵еǿŽ𵤡
ļ룬Ž𵤿ʼɿԶתתлһ
һŵĲչȥ
չĲƣͣɨ
ܿ죬컨һоһ
͵۾̧ͷǴ컨忴ȥ
žڵҹǴطûκεȴоǸطһЩ޵ĲڲͣŸɷۼ
һʩͲСȻԽصôԼλ𵤸ˡ
컨£ȻĽżأһεţϵ˰֮С
͸컨Ǵطȥֻһź첼ŵĶ
㿴ǶЩ죬ԭⶫ㻹˽ġ
̾һϣⲢԼǷȻĻʩ֮˿ĺˡ
ֻ컨ϵһʯ壬Ȼ컨ȥץǿ첼
ץǺ첼ʱȴ֣Ѿ컨һʯһ壬ò
һǳˡ
ֻǽ컨嶼жȻ˵ϣ֮ǿź첼컨˵ϡ
㽫ⶫڵ֮󣬾ͿЩü̾һǰȥǺ첼򿪡
ں첼ֳȻһһССĿݹǡ
ݹѾʯճһ
վԱ߿ݹǣϸĴһ£ݹӦһոµӤ
Цһʩ˹ȻĺΪԼļҵ鷳ȻɱδµӤ
ʩ֮Ȼĺȴ
ԭⷨĺܣⲻԵģ³еа֮׮
ʲôǴ׮أ
ڹŴǽзݽ·ʱ·̮¹ʣɲƲϵʧ⣬ԱǣǱҵʦү³
³ΪдĹ񣬶ʱƻ˵طˮ˵صĹԣҪû˼صĹǴ׮
³ıҪùƽ˾˳ʱĸƣȻ׮ĳɵĺ֮
ĳЩľˮĻǻᰵⷨ㣬ʹ˼ǣа
֪ķʦʩչľǺһ֡
һ£ΪӦЩʦ׵ɱ˵ġ
һʩ˾Ȼ˸ոµӤɼѾҪһˡ
ⷨȻҲأһǱ˷֣̾
ʯӤʬĳš
֮һеӣǸ·ֽӾͳǰ
ֽ֮ӣһģǽ̾ƮƮطɵ˰գָ֮ķ򣬾ֱʮĵۡ
Ҫǰ죬ɲô޼ɵʩչҲҹɫڻ£ֽܹӸ·
Ҫ˵ֽӵٶǲҪϼֻ֣һСʱ˵۵Ժ֮С
ֽӣ̾۵ȥ
ſһţֻ֨ѽһžҹԵôĴ̶
֮УȻһڣֲָȴͰûʲô
һʯ壬һֻó˴֮ϵȼ
֮ͽŵʯ˹֮ϣ֮˼ʦǰʼдʡ
̫»꣬һУմͷ߳ͷj⵶ɱˮԩծԩңɡ̨ǰԷŹ⣬վΪΪŮеƶС뷾ȵڣ뷾ȵڣ
һĽ⾹ȻвȻӤʬ֮ϡ
ЩûӤʬʬ֮ϾȻųĽ⡣
ǽԽԽҫۣʼӤʬƮ˰֮УγһӤ
ӤտʼʱƤҰףʹࡣ
еĽⲻͣû壬ӤҲʼıð
ڿӤѾƤǰ֮ɫһĸ׻˯ŵӤһ
΢΢һЦȻ֣ӤԼ֮С
Ȼӹ֮ȡһƿ֮Ӥƿ֮ڡ
֮
ϺһƤݣҹ಻ϣĸˣٰаˣһ¶˹Ϻ򷨡շĽʦ⻨߽߽˽ʯŽľʮؽ⣬½⣬ʱ⣬ʦһʦٰˣ϶ǡǣ̫Ͼ˾¶
ֽна³еĲ֮أרƽ³֮еĸа
Ĵ׮³֮еа֮֮³еƽ֮ƽ⡣
꣬Ǿ߽Ĺ̶ʯϵӤʬǶһ£ȥǺ첼ǰһһؾȻӤʬ
㳤һ
⵹ǣⷨΪ㿴Ӥʬܵ𻵣Ӷ겻ȫĥŴµʩչƽ⡣
ĵһСͣӤʬС֮У÷ֽá
ֽСͺղ£ӤСƿһ˹֮ϡ
֮㣬̳
ķˡ
ҪǾһʱĹӤȫĹ֮Ӥͻ뵽Լ̳С
ʱǸСӤͻΪһµĹӤپһЩܹͨӶܹʹ


362 ƽ
֮뽫ӤɹӤһΪִᴦĩʱڣܵظҲˣǻҲݷڵظ֮вҳˡ
˸ûа취ӤظܣĽֻǻɢ
һ㾭üһ겻ڵУлһЩҪĶҪػӤڣȻܹñȫ
ΪŴµ׼һӤػִĵۡ
ʩǰ׼ѾˣʣµľǵȴžһʱĹ֮Ӥܹȹ̣ʱܹʩչ
ǽһ룬ʣµľҳǸʩˣһ֪Ӧ
ǿʬĺ첼Ȼ۵ãϴװغá
첼ϲմȾǸӤϢǸʩ˵ĺۼֻҪԼʩֶΣҵԷټ
غ˴ţ˵ԺӵУֽӣҹɫڻ֮£ĵĻصԼҵǸ±֮С
ٴ̤˱ţһصĸо࣬һθоɭɭˣֻ֮һڷɿľۼųǱеԼɷ

ڶϣ㻹ڱ˯ŵʱڿ֮оѾŮĴ֮
㷳յñӣԼͷȫסҪٿд
ԸΥЩ޴ڵСһͣ굽Ķûа취˯
ʵΣֻ˵ˡ
ֻŮֻСء
Ǳ࣬Ҳ˷еķŮ»ָСĻá
ĸΰɳϣһ߳Ůһ߿űֽʮֵ⡣
Ĵӷüû˵ôô
죬һɣΰȴֱӰѻˡ
Ǽҵ컨ô£컹úõģô˸
۾һ£Ȼµ˵ûʲôҴӣûСİ컨ͱһ
ΰҲɵӣ뵽ԼڴµְҵϾӦʲôΡ
ŶµӣӦˣҲͲٶˡ
Ǻðɣҽȥװγǿһϡ
˵⻰ʱѾΰԱߣȻʵǼװ޵ʱʲôֵ𣿡
ΰһ£Ȼ˵ûʲôѽǸӵϹʮֵĸΣʱ˹̣ڹϵʱҲҶܵġ
˵ʱΰ¶ο֮ɫҪ֪͵Ū㣬㲻ˣεĹ˿ټ
ȴ۾һ˿ĹâɲϹĸ
Ҫ֪аװ޹̣Խ𣬾ζŹڻʱĸһ˵ҪǮ
ϵҵһҲҪ΢װһ£Ȼ˵ϹŰѹ̽ĵ绰ûУ
ΰһ£صԼķУһóһСϻһҳһҳķ
һǷһҳ֮Сݸ㡣
绰ġ
ӹһ£ȻϾóԼֻǱ߲˹ȥ
ǣȴֻǸպš
̧ͷ˿ĸףĸҲĪ
һ£Ϲ˹Ȼ⣬绰ԾһԵģ̿¾Ͳ׼ٺΰϵˡ
ΰҲΪղŶӵӣҲʶֵĹ£ӦúϹйء
ӣʲô¶ɣ
ǲʲô£ڵʱͨı£Ҳ뿿ǼҰ벽
ͺҲڼҵʱң»ҪĽʡԺ©
ΰһ£Ȼ˵װ޵ʦؽܹģ֪ǱûжԷϵʽ
ҲҪϵʽҪ֪ԷסʲôطǾ͸ʡˡ
ΰͷȻٴ˵绰ز˹ȥ
绰ܿͽͨˣһߴغˬ
ϸ磬ôҴ绰ˣ
ΰЦЦȻ˵ⲻҪ鷳𣿡
ʲôϵ˵ʲô鷳鷳ģ뾡˵
ѽһҽܵǸ̶ӣͷǸϹ˵ϵʽ㻹аɣ
绰һͣһ£Ȼܿľ
ϵʽ͵ַţҸ㷢ֻˡ
˵ʱ򣬽ʵϸǲǳʲôˣ
ˣҲֻ֪ҶӲǻװ⣬ⲻҲһ
绰һߵ˵⣬ؾ;Щ̶ӿܹģҪ⣬㲻ﵽԼϰɣ
²ܾôˣϿȥһ¡
뵽Ͻĺ͵绰֮еΰ˵˼仰ͷµ绰˿ųֱҵı
ұſڣ壬ܿű㱻ˣӭ
ϰ壬ʲô´绰Уһˡ
ûʲô˵ˣҹһơ
˵Ĺͽӭ˿֮С
е㣬ڻɳϱС꣬ͣĸëûվӭء
ڵ̬ȷǳĶϽǰľһȻСĵ˵뿪ʱ䲻ˣڻ̽ѽ
Ưһֻۣǵ˵ͷ
񣬾ЩˣҪ֪ؿǼҵĲүү⵽ġ
ʲôӣϿϰ
̫￪ˣûа취ֻվܵĶ˵ϰ
˵֮󣬾һƨɳˡ
ض񣬸ûŭбµˣЩƢҲġ
СĵɳϣȻ̧ͷһļҡ
䷿ӿװ޵ģЩװ޲ǰġ
ҵװ޲ǮѾһͨķˡ
ǣôõװޣ컨ȴһ󶴣˿ʮֵİۡ
ʲôˣһϺ꣬һ쵽󶴾֪ˡ
ⶰװǰΪ˰ͽ㣬רŵʦҲˮ
ˣ̾Լҵ컨ϴһ뵽ղΰԼ绰ѯʦ緽ʽѵǷˮ⣿
úõļôһ۹һȻ̽Եʵ
Į̧ͷشǺǣҲڵʱȻ̫ͷ϶Ҽġ
ľһȻϿ˵鲻ᷢչôصĵزɣ
˵ʱָϽĽŽ͡
˵ʵɣװ޷ǰҾ˷ˮʦˮˣǲǷˮʦʲô©Բ᣿


363 
һ㶣ȻĪʵ˷ˮôû
Ļֻһ
һΪ˰ͽ㣬ǻ˴˼ģرΪͶãȥһλˮʦаһˮ
ĿģΪλܹ߿Լһۡ
ڴĻˣһˮʦǮǴˮƯˡ
ҲصΣȻ˵ڲҲûҪѿ˾ת˻⡣
˵Щˣһװ޶ǴĶҵģ
ʻɫ̾ԱߵİóһļУݵǰ
һװ޹˾ϣװԱϢ
ӹԵĿ˿װ޹˾ûʲô⣬ֱӾͷЩװԱϡ
ЩķǳȫԺͻڱˡ
ңҵ˼๤ͷǸϹ˵ϡ
ϹϲǼٵİɣ
µʵ
һǺܿ;һ룬Ȼ˵Ӧǲܣµ˻ףڿǰѾ鿴ǵ֤
΢΢һЦȻ˵Щʱʱ俴һ¡
ʲô𣿡
Щˣ鷳³ˡ
鷳鷳Ĺϵ˭˭ѽ
Цŵ˵ͷ֮Ͳ˵ˡ
ؿûٿڵ˼Ҳ֪Ȥĸˡ
ȵͳȥ»صеĿһǷϣʼһҳһҳϸۿ
رǸϹͷϢøӵϸóһдд

TԶһ֮У鷿һһŮ̸
Ļһ۾ϳŮӲˣǰꡣ
һʮũģˡ
ʦѾһˣΪʲôǱ߻ûʲô
ǸũüȻɫЩҰ
ЩΣ˵ʩ˷Ӧúܿͻףһôʱ䶼û鷢Է˷ǳǿ󣬾Ǽʲôѹ
˵ʱũֵ˵ǰӣȻüʼ˼
ԷĻоôˡ
ǰ㲻֪ô£ͻȻ˵ʿһЩ
ҪȻĻҪȻɷܿҲǱӻ
ǰԼɷܿ˻ûж˽ĻôԼɷȴ̵˽⡣
Ѿ˼ǧʱ䣬ʱУǻ۵ĲƸ˵֡
ټϼĴǿ˵Ѿĵ档
Ǿһǧļ壬ȻĺԿɼ
һ룬Ȼ˵ʦԵȣҪ绰
¾ȥ죬кҡ
վһε˵ͷȻ˳鷿˻԰֮УԶŷ޵Ľܿ˲˹ȥ
ȻʱĹϵǶڵĽܿһѪ˵ʱѾûʲôˣ˵绰ܿͽͨˡ
װģʲô𣿡
ܲ˳ǸʦûжҲв
绰һͷĽܿͣ˺ܳʱ䣬˵ĻͲҪǱٴˣϿɣʡ÷ʲôΣա
ЩԸȻ˵ѾȫûиˣֻкޣǶԼŮȴһʱһ̶ûз¡
һ½ǺŮйνĽӴŽһ飬ʡŮԼĸס
ؼʱɲ;ϣҪ֪СӵĿǺܴģ˭֪֮󣬷ǲǵԼĸס
װģˣƢϿǱ̫ΣˣҪöԷ㰵ʹֶΣŹġ
绰еĽܿͣһ£ȻָϽĲѾϵ˴½ʦһȡ÷ĸȨġ
۾һܹõĸȨôٺòˡ
װģܹӮ˾𣿡
һ껹ЩɵģΪҲʶһЩ·ѡ
Ӯ˾ҪôǿһֱȥֱĶԷƣεķȨ
һߵĽܿ˵ʱ۾зųһ˿ԹĹâ
ǾǵòȨҲöԷˡ
֮ЩþΪǽܿڰԼҲû˵ʲô
Ǻðɣͳ˷ɻȥ
װģһȥġ
¶һ˿۵ЦݣȻܿˣСĵʵڲеĻͱȥˡ
ûʲôߵѾĲˣӦúܿͻƽȥ
˵ͷ˵ʲôˡ
ȹ˵绰֮Ļص鷿֮УǸũ˵Է첻СʱҪݾˡ
˵֮ȡһпƵũǰ
˵õ򡣡
Ǹũ¶һ˿ϲȻΡΡĽп֮СķԼض
лϰ壬лϰ壬Ժʲô¾кֻҪܰ쵽ģƴǡ
¶һ˿̣ȻЦ˵ϿȥβɣѪС£ϵþ˿»鷳
ããͻȥͻȥ
ũ˵ѾЩȲˣΡΡվһȻĶһȻ֮뿪˷䡣
꿴ũ뿪ıӰ̾һҼбľũͨı£˰֢Ҳ޲ߡ
ũ֮ϾܶһŻĻƱڵڶͳ˷ɻ뿪˴½
һ߸Ͳ֪һμ鷳ǰģﴧŵ·ڸԼΪѡ
ǰһ飬Լõ֮飬ֲûеʲôˣ˵Ҫ˵ĻҲֻ㽭ǸʦԼıʦˡ
ǸʦͲ˵ˣһˣǹûµġ
ܹҵЩˣͲ̰ͼԼطˡ
ôֵûɵľǸ㽭ķʦ˵ˣһʩչķһοɲһ·ġ
һǸ㽭ķʦʩչˮƻ˵ˡ
һԼ⵽İ㣬ȴ³һ
³еҲ㷺Ҫûκʦдڵ£ʩչ³ϵķ¾ûôˡ
һʩչҲ磬ƾԼӦǿʩչοĩᡣ
ǶûеԷģôͷǳȷˣӦԼĳ˷ʦԼΪѡ
ִģҲֻԼǸνнܿˡ
뵽ʱüͷһ壬һԼʩչƣûҪ˽ܿ˵ֻԼˡ
뵽ʱɫͿʼ
ȻӦţھȻһԼ鷳ǾͱԼˡ
һһҪǸۣʡԺڸԼ鷳


364 ֵ
⣬һһҪѺ󻼽ˣʡԼȥʱЩһָԼҡ
Ҫ˵ܿ˺飬Ǻ˵˷ǳϤ˵ϵĶҲһЩǲġ
ҪľҵǸԼʩˣһ̫ûˣ̫ͷ϶ҪǲɫΪԼǸҷء
ⷨʦǻᡶ³顷Ҿá³顷ϵķԸ㣬ôƽ⡣
ڰ첻ʺ˵ʩҲʱЪ˼׼ȵϵʱٸԷơ

ڷУŽϸôʩʱ򣬿֮д
ûУ
̫˵ˣôҲش
ˣˡ
һ˵Żһ߾ųˡ
ʱŸϲɨˣɢɢĴгЩˡ
˵˵ڶʲôˣ̫ɹƨˣڴϴţǲҲ㣬Ҫڴϴһ죿
ӣͲҷֻĬĬɳϣ̫߶߶
ŸʲôϿȥз𴲣緹֮ѧˡ
̫ʥּϽվֱŮķ䡣
ƿһѾˣѾ·СɳϺССǻء
СڣˣȥԷء
̧ͷǸף̸һЦȻСվ˿
ʱΰѾʹ߻ˡ
һ˳緹֮󣬾͸ԿʼæԼˡ
׼ź͸̫̫ȥ㳡衣
ΰӦǽͷģˣȻ䲻ͷˣҲλƵĳȥЩͷƨȥˡ
ҴҵĴŮڽϴһ͵ѧУһϵĹˡ
Ů׼ؼҵʱ򣬽ӵĵ绰
ԭΪ˼⣬һϰҪ档
ŵǮȻܾģھʹӦš
ҲͲڽйˣϽĻؼң׼˼ŷ䡣
Ҫ˵óķҲǼ֣ʦɷΪġ
ŷոճΪʿʱˡ
⼸֮УѾŷõĳ뻯
ҲǸ÷ΧǳĹ㷺һЩС⣬㶼Ҫѧķֻܹȫ
ΪҲûԶȥѧķ䣬ֻǽŷõԽ˳ٻһЩĸʱ֮衣
ˣȻʮʦɷ
ȵʱǽӵĵ绰
׼ûУҵĳϾ͵Сſˡ
׼ˣȥ֮ſڵһ¡
˵֮͹˵绰ϽĽȻһԼĵۣžգû⡣
Ȼ߳˼ţֱСſڡ
ոճСͿ·ʾ⡣
Ͻ˼ߵǰ˴кһ˳
ϰʲôѽȥȹݵ·ϣʵ
һúϰ塣
ŶӦúǮѽʲô£Ȼҵͷˡ
úԽԽˣѾʼսúԴɣҲù
˵ʱһ£Ȼ۾һ˿мȻ˵ⲻúûʲôˣֳаһ󣬲Ǹ˿ˣͷĳ¹ʣ׬Ǯ⳥ء
Ͼô¶
λϰǻԼϲɾ׼Լȥء
㲢ûеģΪϰӦǺһ׵ģ֮ǰӦҲʦǰȥڿûʲôЧôƭˣô·ǳļ֣ķʦ˸ͷ
ĺ۾תת¶һ˿ļЦԼһöԷһˡ
׬ǮӦܹһһĽγˣȻĻÿһζҲЩȥ
ȵ˵طս˿м˳ӭ˹
Ϊ׵һˣһЦĴк
ϰ壬ӭӭ
ЦЦȻ˵ϰôҳٵ
Աһ£λͻ˳
λ˵ĸ
λϰϵЦݸӵĲˣ΢΢Ĺ˹ԭλѽǾһȻڲͬˡ
ǶλϰĿ࿴
ոսżλʱ㻹ΪǺģӦһƢĿ˵ˡ
⼸仰ʾλϰ̣ƾ˵ľӦþͲˡ
ʩˣƶֻһͨĵʿĸҳʲôɣ
ˣҵͺҲûʲôˡ
ϰʹ˿һλϰļ˶Աߵļλϣһ¿˵ǰϰǼ˸Χм䣬һصĿռ䡣
֮ϰϽĵ˼ȣȻǵ֮ģİһӡ
ȵԱ뿪֮ϰſ˵Ĵܹݹ٣ҡ
ֵĵ˵ͷǽŵȴԱߵһ£˼Ͻ˵ˡ
ҲǸСһʾ⣬֪ʲô˼ˣǸϽĲϰĹά
ϰ壬ҵﻹ£Ǿͳ˵
ϰͲأĻ»
λϰ̾ɫֱ塣
ģаһ󣬸տʼ˳ʱƣǸȻĳ⣬ҪһЩϵڿѾھηˡ
ϰ˼ǣԱߴһ䡣
ҾȥһǸ󵽵ô£ǲ˸ʹӣ
˵ʱλϰ۾ð׹⡣
࿴һۣȻжЩȻλϰ忴治Ʋ磬ڻʱʱ򣬲֪Ƿ˶Ѫծ
ͷһ£Ȼ˵ǲ֪ϰԶԶҪ̫ԶĻҿûʱ䡣
ģTеĸ˳ĻСʱܵ
֮˵ͷðɣȻԶҾȥһˡ
ԵӦΪԷ飬Ͼǿ˻һЦݾûͣ
Щȥˣٴӵһš
õʾϽռЦݣȻһĶϰ˵ֵˣϰ壬һĳǶ٣
λϰ屻ʵЩˣ²Ӧ˽м̸ôλϰֱӾͰ·̸ˡ


365 ǰʥ
ϰ̳ϴʮģʲôûֻһ仰֪λϰһûʲô档
˴򽻵ֱֱĺãʡƵɽֵģԷ
ȻæֻҪܸҽģ鷳Ըһ
۾һ£ȻյĶ˵һˣҿˡ
΢΢ĵ˵ͷҲ¶΢Ц
ϰ壬˵ıȫĿ֪ʵϾܰˣǳһڰеҲ
һԼҲǵùΪǼһ©һû뵽ΪԼҵҲ˼
ҪһԼҵ忴һЩͷָԼһ£Լڹء
֪ҪҲô׵ġ
Լ˲ٵķʦȥ֮ƨûУԼ׻˲Ǯ
ϰҲʵǲЩϵġʦˣֻǹĨǵĴTи÷ʦ
ȥڽϰ۾
Ҫ˵ķʦܹײƭЩҪƭT̽Ŀأȴûôס
ȻܱطΪϱôλʦһбµģҵ
ֹ֮ٴŵӶϰ˵Ƕ֪ˣɣǣȻһȥϣͰˣΪ̫ܶ࣬ܵʱ䡣
ãʹ죬ӭ
˵֮ϰԱߵһŮʾһ¡
ǸŮϽıһİϰǰȻ󹧹Ĺİŵϡ
ϰ彫İԼǰ֮󣬴ȡһ첼Ķ
һμ棬Сɾ⣬ɡ
˵֮ͽ첼Ƶǰ
۾ɨһ£ȴ첼һ˵ڲͣð
üȻ̧ͷ˿ϰȻЦݣӦǲ֪ⶫĻҲ
ԵǶ첼еĶǳĸȤֱӾͰⶫԼǰȻֱӴ˰
ԭ첼аŵһͭС
۾һͭСõԼǰϸİĦ
˺óʱĽⶫϣȻЦ˵ǼöѽӦǴսİɡ
ϰҡҡͷȻ˵ϰɿˣǺĶ
֮ЩΣܿľͱ˹ȥ
˵أʱͦģֲҿ
˵֮ͽͭСƵǰ
ʱſʼϸͭС
ķ֮УСͣðźԼԼĻһ˿˿񺿡
²Ʋ磬ӦǹŴķʦʩĹߡ
ٽʷ˽⣬ⶫӦǹŴ׹ʦʩչ׹֮Ӧõķ
ںʱ׹֮ǷǳеģǸҲ˲õķʦ
ͭС˼ǧʱ䣬ȻܹųɭĺԿ׹֮ǶôʢС
Сɢɭ֮²ǵʩչżӦĹ˼ǧմȾϵĸɭɷ
ණ㱾ǲҪģһ뵽ⶫɾǱ׹ʦʹõģоЩ
ִڹŴ׹֮˽Ļǳ٣ЩԶʱķҲǷǳ۲
ʹСҲܾôûȥҪһЩĻⶫڼоһ
дʡ
ڣ޺ƽ٣֤ͨ⣬Ω۶н⣬ӳ֮֮ţأȺգ飬йͬӭʹ飬ɥ־Σ۽ڣ֣̳ͥ
ڵĽҲʼųһĽ⣬Щ⻯˷ʼӿǰͭС֮ϡ
Ž£ͭСϵĺһʼѸ͵
һжͽ͵ģŽһˢ£Щ̾Ϳʼ˿֮С
ǽһˢͭС֮ϣϱ߿ʼӿĺҲ䵭ʧ١
ʱͭСѾ緢źɷֻ֮ɢһɭĲ
ڣȥͭСõǰʼϸİ档
ǰͭСϵɭ֮Ǵϱ׭̵һЩصķͲɢġ
Щ䣬㾹Ȼһʶ
ܿҲȻˣҪ֪Ȼչ˼ǧ꣬ĺܴһֶ̥Щ׹֮
֮־˼ǧĸƣ˽Ĺģ
ԼʶǧǰķҲ
ϰ岢֪˼Ϊȴòͷ
ĵİͷ쵽Ķʵô£ʲô鷳𣿡
תͷɨһۣ̾ͷֲͷˣֻôһ˲ĹĶѾһźڻƣڲͣܵɷ뵽С
ҪٹһʱͻֶѪ֮֡
ⶫǴĹģմȾ˲ɾĶҪǲһ£ֻвõ鷢
Ǵһñһ㶼أⶫ²Ʋ磬ԼղŰôʱ䲻ʲô󻼰ɣ
ҲǲɾĶɣѾЩ̿ˡ
΢΢һЦӻȡʦɷȻ˼Ȼһס
ǷһӽĶţ̾ԶȼȻ󻯳һŽɫĻ档
;һӵֱ֮ӵӿϣ˵
УʦɷɵĽɫĻ棬ֻͷһˣǺɫɷ֮ͱɨˡ
Ǹϰ壬ڸղһϵеĶѾĿɿڴ
Ҫ˵ǷȻҲķʦ￴ġ
һ룬ЩһЩСħСֶΣķ
ǸղŵȻ˵ȼųĽɫĹâȴԼһұǹâɨϰֻԼδе̹
ϰѾ֪ǰλĵõˣʩչķҲƭ˵Ļ
ʱʵһֱ۹ϰ壬зų˾Ĺâ⡣
ʵͷǺɷ֮Ȼ˵һʱ̻˲ıԴǻȥ֮˽Ҳס
֮ԵϰʩչҲΪԼͨϰԺܹúõĸǮ
ȻĻλĴϰԺҪ˵ĻԼ˵ҲǸ鷳
ڿЧǷǳԵģϰԺ󿴳ǲˡ


366 ȱһ
֮㿴˿Ŀɿڴϰ壬ĵͷȻӻȡһʦɷ˹ȥ
ϰ壬ҲӴⶫˣŷûȥСĵźãӦܹƽ
ϰϽлȻСĽӹŷ䣬֮һ첼÷źá
ʦɷһźãϰ̾͸оԼޱȵɣжǧص
˵ͷȻվϰ˵ҼлЩ¶Ͳϰˡ
ϰϽվ˵鷳ˡ
ϰ԰ͳ˿ǵĳʧ
ʱϰŻعͷʲôԼԵ˷ԸڳĶԶԶĲغãҿǡ
ϰĻЩ죬Ҫ֪һڳĶֵǮˣǰʱϰǸҪȥĦһᡣ
ϰôˣͻȻͶЩȤˡ
ɲϴԭҪλֱӾͻᱻ
˵뿪˿ʵǳȥٺȵǰͻȥ
һؼҰɣϻЩҪ꣬ȻĻ첻ܹĵ׬Ǯ
ޣòҰæ
û¶һЩС鷳òæ¶һġ
ĻҲͲ˵ʲôˣֱӿͻ˼С
ȵصеʱ򣬷Ѿΰӻˣڿ֮кСǶַء
ȵһŶ̾ʵˡ
СС׺Ҳǳһ̾͹ԹԵſڷԣ˹Ա
ֻ׹ףûа㵱ƵģȻΧŷת
Ʋ˴һۣ̾һƣϷų˴׵ϡ
׹̾һβſ˷ԣҲҶˡ
ߵԣԴȻ˵ѧУôû۸˰ɣ
֪ԼŮѾҰˣѧУѾСһĴڡ
˵ʲôأôɰŮô۸ˣ
һ˵һҡҡԴ֡
ߺЦЦջ֣Ȼ󿴵״һŵķ
ΰճ䣬ͿˣЦ˵ȥլһˣ˵Ǹ˻
˵֣֮쵽֮С
һԭշѾΰһá
ڷмѾ˹ڹ֮Ϸͷӵĵ
ڵǰѾ˹ϹƷ¯Ҳ֧㡣
Ȼ˾Ͱһݰɡΰ˵ţʹӹȡֻ٣ϡ
֧ЩΣҪ֪ͷֻľԼͷһͷӻܲ
۾һתɡ
ǵҵˣôܸпͷ
˵֮ͽе㣬ķ˹Աߡ
ΰ֮ҡҡͷЩɲ˽⣬ǿǽĴˡ
ΰ治ΪʱҲ˲飬̵ĸʽ֮Уûᵽλͷӵ֡
ΰʵͷûģ֪𣿺˵һ˵
û뵽Ҫûôش
Դ޳֮Դ϶Ǻöˣֻͣһ£˶Բߡ
Ҫ˵ƭǿЩŵģȫǼٻԷһ֪ˣõķм٣档
Ҫ˵ͷӵҲǲСTǹ֪ɣ
ֹTеΰҲ˵ġ
ΰһͷ̫̫ǣÿһ𣬳Щϵ⣬˵Щˡ
Tп˵ԶΰЩомϵͽ
˶ĿȾ֮£ΰڹҲһ˿˿ĺøС
ȷʵ˵Ϊ飬TС
Ͷˣͷǹľ֮һͨڽħһ˼ҹеаҿ
ΰ֮ĵͷлЩˡ
֮һڵӻǰ˻ӣ͸ԻطϢˡ
Ҳصڶ¥Ŀͷ֮С
㻹ǸϰߣϥڴĬĬĴ
ڵǿŽ𵤷ɿת㱳ϵǱҲʼһĲ
ִλϡȻٵһߣ㼯֮©һöֱ塣
Щ㼯ĵ֮У㵤ӤҲ˻ʼһһЩ
ĻۣӤȻʼĳȻٶȷǳĻҲʼĳ͡
ӤҲʼӤͨ
ѾͽеӤʼһĺӦֻҪһͷû뵽Ӥ֮С
˼£ӤѾϾҪɣֻҪһлᣬӤƵܺƵӤΪһ壬ɾԪ
ʱͳɾ͵ɵ
ȵһ۾ʱѾǰҹʮ֡
´˷еĵƣȻȡǸʬĺ첼
첼ǸԼǷʦĶԼҪҪƾ첼Ϊý飬֮֮³еķͶԷһ¡
һĸնǷǳյģһעҪ
ڵǽ𵤵ĸˣִλ滹ûһܹ־硣
㹻İգԷһģֱӾöԷ
첼ϣȻ˼첼˰ݡ
ȻʼĬĬĹ֮УһΰĴɽʼ֡
ֿʼ룬ɽź첼Ϣѹȥ
㿪ʼش󣬵شҴҴ̩ɽһǧեեһեʮˡʮեˡեǧˡǧեˣ̧𣬽϶ǡǣ̫Ͼ
֮꣬еʼɿӿǺ첼֮ϡ
Զڼ֮һСɽУһ˼ҵʱȻ˻Ц
ԭ⼸˼ҵˣڰҹ˻ͬʱĻľ޿
ǮǼСĲܹκˡ
һΧߴߴĳţκС֮һ˵ʲôҲҪؿһˡ
ҵһũģˣм䣬һ߿ϰͺǵĻЦһ߳ẓ́¶һ˿΢Ц
Ҫ֪ũ³飬³һֽȱһš
Ϊ³෨ǡ˵ѧ³Ҫȱһšѡ¡ѡһʱʼѡˣ³顷һȱһš
ũҲӦеʱĸΪѧطȻҰʦǰһϵɱˡ
ܹ³а䣬˶õһ졣


367 
ũԼ³ʱͻȻֻ͸о񲻰
ڽ͸о֮һɽѹûеӦӾͱεĴɽѹסȻũ͸оԼѹǧص֮£Щˡ
ָоũǰӦʦڽܷʱÿһŷҪԸܹһΣڵĸоͺ͵ʦʩչǧɽեĸоһģһ
ũϾ֪ãӦʲô˽ԼµĶԼʩչ
ũϰ飬ԼɷЩͷæԱʵҵģôˣ
ũȻȴѹŰһɽһֻҧһһ˵Уˣԣңʩ
ũһ仰ݶһļžŴҾͱһ塣
ȻũˣũΪԼĺڲԼĺ󳾣Զ³෨˵ض
ЩǣȻ֪Լϸܹʩչ³ط³෨ʲôȴһ֪
˵ڣЩ˶ʼе˶ŸϿҽԺˡ
ǣũȴǿĻ˻Լ֣Ȼ˵СҪҵ
˵֮ũҧԼʳָԼĶͷϻһķš
ȻһߴŴһ
Ͼ𣬽𹳵𣬾ţţţǰȥɽͷһϦʦ㵱ʱ𡣼
ũո֮УһѪӿ⣬Ȼʼӡ
ͷϺѹŵľʯҲѪӿʼʧ١
˴ʱũǳһŸղʩɣҲǰЩˡ
ʩչ³Ĵۣÿһʩչ³ϵطǳȡʩ˵ˣǰܻ塣
Щ˿ɲһܹƾ滻ġ
ũոһķ̾վǰһģִӻȡöͭǮһöһöϸϸķϡ
֮ſճһʦȥڣǲھƣ޲شţȥ϶ǡǣ̫Ͼ
ũһ꣬̾һЩĹϢȫ
ڽũҧʳָϻһ䡣
ũ̸оֱһ˵ķ֮УһϢڶ򣬺ǿ˸
ũһϢϾʲôˡ
ⲻǰһʱ䣬ԼǸŮȥʩչ׮ʱµǿ첼
ԼķѾƽˣֲǸŮҴҵľ뿪ˣԼΪˡ
û뵽ȻԷƽ⣬ڷͷ첼ҪȡԼ
ڶԷķʦӦҲԼ³һĻƾԼʮĶ³˽⣬ӦܹöԷ֪Ѷˡ
뵽ʱũҲʼԶֵϢʩչһơ
ֻһ壬ľˮҲȦȦˣֽȦԻ㲻Ͳ̩ɽѹ٣϶ǡǣ̫Ͼ
꣬һϢӿȻЮѪһ˲ľʧС
ʱҲԼķƽˣǻûʩչ͸о֮з˱仯
ĹͻȻؽٵԼϣȻ󣬾дɽԼѹɽףסԼϲö
һȻ֪ⷨԴ³еġ
ⷨ͵еĶǳƣӵĴ
ܶס˵壬ܹס˵꣬ʱ䲻ƽ⣬ͻ©
ⷨ˵Ͳʲôֻҡ壬ͷƾڵķͽⷨ𿪡
ڶԷҲ˽Ĳˣʦִ˵˵Ƿëˡ
ܹպԼܹ˳ϢʩչԼϣִ㻹ͷһϡ
Ȼ˵ⷨԼ˵ûʲôãǻһ˵Ļ̾ͻĵ
ɴ˿ɼǸʦִѾķʦˡ
ɲǺͶԷд跨ģҪԷһģˣҡҡͷЩ뷨׿ȻͿʼһʩչͳط
ͲǷǷͣ³аʦаͣͷñ£̤ЬյöаʦյϷʦյаʦյñħյа̥ˡһ˻ҳ϶ǡǣ̫Ͼ
һⷨһ˳Ǻ첼ϵϢ˼ũϡ
ũովԼĶƽ⣬͸оŵ׵ӿȪѨһӿϣȻ˻ɵĻ棬ӿȪѨֱ֮˳žֱš
ũһӦ̾ŵһ
ΪҲ֪ŷ֪ǸҪԼء
ⷨʩչûһʱԼϵѪҺͻȫˣʱԼͻһ߸ʬ
ҲæԺŶߵͷȻ
ߵߣʦٽ٣һȷ𡢶ϾʦļױӡĿεظ˶˾첢Ůʮʮ񣬷ʦٽˣʮ겻겻ԶƳ磬ڴ˵ֺ񣬽̫Ͼ
ոյ꣬ڶһũͷֱӹ壬ڵЩȫѹ
³еġ˽ܹⷨƽ³е㷨
ũһҲЩˣöԷ֪ѶˣȻԷǾͱԼҪȥˡ
ũعԼҵĳһѲ˵ˮĥĥȻԺиԼָȻҽϵѪڲ˵ϻһ䣬ȻϹԼͷ
顢顢³ͷɵаʦʹѲ飬һնͷննͷ۾裬أϺ̫Ͼ
֮ũһԶԼǸǸ첼еơ
еѲ˵̾ͷųһĺ⣬⺮˵ȻһգȾͻ˽⣬ʧǰ
Tе㣬Ͼ͸оһϮ壬žһɫĵӰԼҵıֱԼͷ
εĵӰûп壬㱳ı̾ͷһȻʶֱǺ⡣
⣬պñһ̾ͱɢȻʧա
龰оһԭŷ³пǷͬСɣ


368 ɵ
³Ȼ˵ķЩǿĹʩ
Щǻ˵ˣǶ˵ĻǣȻһޱȣʹɱ˵Ҳֻһ
Ǿ³ΪµĽɵ
ŷΪʹõĽǳơ
˵ֻһŷķȻֻǿ֮ڵĵˡ
ǽɵȴһܹʹеĽεķɵȡ֮˵
⼸һ³еļˣеļԦɽˡ
ŷҲһȱ㣬Ǿʩչʱĺ
Ҫӵûʲô
һûзʩչŷôֻ˵һǧ˰١
Ĳ²⣬ǷʦȻʩչŷڿҲòȥ
Ȼ²һũʩչ˽ɵ֮󣬾ͺǱɾ˿һӸɱȥ
ϰۼֿ죬ȥסũѾˤһˡ
ҵô
ǺǣʩչطԷǧı£ҲҪ
ϰ鳤һȻ˵û뵽գ֪ǾͲϰĻˡ
˵ʲôûϰ壬ӻôβ
Ȼ˵ũͬϰĻǿͷȴѵϰһ䡣
Ϊʹƽ£󻼽ʱһҲȡµж
ͬԷһҲ׼ʩչɵҪԶԷһ֮֮
ֻӱȡķɽȻ߸ߵйͷŶݣ֮
顢顢³ͷɵаʦʹѲ飬һնͷննͷ۾裬أϺ̫Ͼ
ڸһ꣬еķͱȡһ󲿷֣ӿ뵽ŵķɽС
Ǳ֮˼˿âȻһɽȡ
ŽɫĹâı֮γһʵķɽӰӡ
Ȼϵĺ첼Žһҡ
ڰеĽɫӰҵķһһı֮ټۡ
һũѾϰͼĶŮ½ݡһΧǰ񲻶
ղŵļ¶ü˶Щľս
ΪЩԴӼֻ֪Լĸͨ󣬶ʩûʩչڶء
ǽȴͶеվЩҲܿó
ȵ֮ϰǻֵ̿Ŀˡ
ҵģһضǸ˲ٳ۶˰ɣ
Ǻǣҵķ֮£һȻ
ũո˵仰ͻȻԶоͻһ⣬һգ۵ĹǰȻݶ룬ֱũĶš
ũΪղʩѾöķʦû뵽Էûܵκε˺ˣûκεķ
ɫĽӰֱӾͻũͷȻʧ
ȵʧ֮ũŷӦԼ˶Էİ㡣
ڸղǽӰٶ̫죬ũио֮⣬ļ˻֪˲ɲ֮¡
ֻмũͻȻ֮˥ܣɫࡣ
ҵģôˣѵղʩˣ
ũ춼ģҧƴȫ߶µ˵˶ԷĵˣķʦȻҵĽɵ
ũո˵һ仰;Լڵľʼſڷٵʧ
֪ȵԼľȫʧ֮󣬾ʱ
ʱ䣬гж̣Ϳ˵ĵˡ
Ϊ˸ԼȡʱԼļ¼仰ũֻƴҧԼʳָȻԼһ䣬ڱǿ״λ䡣ٽۡ
Щ仭꣬ũѾж۲ܿбǲš
˵ϣ⣬Ķסˡ
ʱũŸоԼϵľʧٶһЩ
ũˣũԼѾ˷䣬оЩԾˡ
˶ʼѯԭ
ũǼʹũеĴҲо֪Ѿҳһš
ũһӣȻغȵס죬ʱ䲻ˣ˵
ũһ仰ļ̾Ͱϰĺļӣ۾ũ
ˣ˶Էİһʱ̾ͻ
˵ʱũһȻǿļڡ
Ҵ£Ҳһؼϰ֮㽫ⱾóǼӵ֮һУɶһĴС
ϰ˵֪Լɷڽ£˶߶µǰסɷ֣ͣĳͷ
ũ˵⻰̾ͱҧгݡ
һҵĶͷǿһѧҵķһҪһұѩޡ
˵仰ũһ첼Ȼϡ
Ǹ˵ļͥסַһҪȫµᡣ
˵仰֮ũǺȫһĵ˵ϡ
˼ũأ̾ͺصĹȥϰһסԼɷ͸оԾ
ΡΡԼ֣Լɷ
һ֮£Ͼ;춼ˣԭԼҵⶥˡ
ũȻ˵ѾڶմȾĻǻûɢ
ֻһɻ򰵣ɭɭϢũʬƮ
뿪ʬ壬ֻǾĿԼһۣȻ˳һ򼲳۶ȥ
ԭũĻڻɢ֮ǰҵԼĳˣųΪһЩҪԼĳͬھ
ũĹֻʮӵʱͷɳ˽Ȼұĸ
ҪֱӴҵıǸոһ͸о֮һּȴȱֲֿڲͣɢ
ƶѹĻЩƮֻҪһͻɢһ
ʱƣѾһ˿ɫũЩ
ǹ֮Ǽģȵûҵܵĵط¾ͻ
ҵıҧҧ͵ش˽ȥ
ո䵽ҵĿ֮У̵ľ͸оԱһдһǿũĻĻᶼûУͱԱߵ֮С
ȵũٴѹɨʱŵ겻ȡ
ԭе֮Уһ޺
޺Ž⣬֮»һźɫϢڲͣķ
һ³е޺ʥа񣬵ȫ㣵޺Եôг
е޺˫Ŀգȵũǰʱ˷ۡ
޺о⣬ǰũ֮ϡ


369 
һũϣʹĻЩȡ
ũȻѾңѾŻɢͷȻ޺֮ҲûзԼͷ
ֻũȫ
ʦữʦͷɢɱ֣ếޣС׷ףаħữҳһƣʮԪ˧ǰͷߣ׹ĸ˳٣һҳ϶ǡǣ̫Ͼ
꣬ũĻ徹Ȼɢ˵Ľ⣬ЩγһɫԲũС
ũĻ壬Ȼʼʥʼo
е޺Ȼũı仯ȴƵ֮Уũʩչ
һũѾͨĻǱһɫˡ
ֻǱũɽɫ֮ڵĻǿʼٵģûв䣬ʮӵʱͻɢ
ũҲ֪Լڻɽɫ֮Ҳٹ˼ɣ͵ľͱֱ˽ɫ磬ֱе޺
ũ̫߹ԼˣɵĽɫ磬ոһ޺ûôأͱ޺ΧʥĻɨС
һĽɫ磬̾ͱصԭ˵ϣֻһֻ˹ģ
ũЩ鷳ˣȻѾɴ»ָ˹Ļʵȴûԭȵһ롣
ҾһĻҲðһ˿˿ĺ֮Ʈɢ
ũѾ޲ˣѾ֪Լʱ䲻ˣҧе޺˵֪ΪҪӻһң
е޺ֻһۣͼ۾Ų
ũȻǲģʵһһаʦˣſƣΪ
ʱе޺һ۾¶һ˿΢ЦȻ˵ϣòʶȤ鷳֪Ȼ㲻ɹֻҪͷһͻӦӴ֮Ǽп»ֻ
µǸũ޺仰̾겻ȣʼͣĶǿеԼ־ѹס˷ɥʧĻǡ
仰ҿˣѵһҵתɣ
˵仰ʱũĻǸͲԼ˵һУҪ֪ĩ磬˵תˣ¾ˣҲһܹתΪࡣ
ôʲô
޺ԵǲشǵĻֻͻȻһɺ
ɺգۼũĻ֮ϡ
ũͺһʼͣĲҽУҽ֮ũĻǿʼܽһٵʧ
ûй˼ӣũͱһɶ
ֵĹ֮е޺һ˷еһ֮ڡ
ķ䶼ƽǸûзκһ
¥һ䷿е㣬ʵǻһԼıʱѾӦˡ
ǻûе㶯ֵ֣ĻǱ㱻ͷյ̳ǰ
һ͸оֵĻǵĲʼɢʧ֮С
֪ǿѾͷӴûɢˡ
žðģͷڼѹκεаħҿ
˵ũļũ֮ϰĨᣬԼԷ֮УڴµһСڳһ̳ӡ
򿪵ػص֮һֳ
ũϰⱾ飬Ȼɫᶨ֮С
УӶЩ
֪Լĸ׽ǸʲôȥˣǶѧϰ׵ķǼȴЩԥ
ôʮȻûк͸ѧϰǶĿȾ֮Ҳ֪ѧϰŹҪĴۡ
ǵĸΪøѧϰŷȻڰݸװʦͷһԾˡ
⻹ǵ׵ʦǿĴ֮ĸһЩˡ
ĻƾĸЩʩչķͲĸһܹ˻˵ġ
ǵĸѾôЩҪϰŹ򣬿ҪĴۡ
ۿ²ĸһֵܹ˵ģԼ޶Ҳܵۡ
⼸СӺ˼ʱѾݣɷʬ֮ԡ
Ȼŵ飬ǰһڣļ˵Ǽ˭̳㸸׵²Ϊѩޡ
ļӻ࿴˿ֵܵпһ˿Ŀ־塣
ſżԥԥõӣ֪Щ˲ѧⷨˡ
Ҳ֮飬Ҫѧ³Ĵ̫󣬸Ͳ簲ȵĹӡ
ЩΣ۾±ߵС˵㻹ûгɻ飬û޶ۣѧ㸸׵ķΪѩޡ
˵֮žͰѰǰߵ³飬Сơ
СӼ۾Щͨ죬ȭͷҪܾǿϱɫᶨĸףЩ²ġ
ſŶΪѵӣ۾зųһ˿ᡣ
Сѽѧⷨ˲к֮⣬һܹƾеٻԺȲʲôԥģ
һиˤء
ĸ̾һȻ˵ĻҲǸɣ˭һӸûк֮ǡ
ϴ϶ĸ⻰ǳһȻԵıʾԸ⽫Լһӹ̸
¶һ˿ЦݣȻ±ߵ˵㻹ʲô֮ǣ˵ˡ
ĸ׵ӣ֪Լѧ³ˡ
ȻǲԸĥĥĽ³ԼĻС
ż飬Ϸųɵ΢Ц
ɷѾû¶ȵӣȻЦŶļ˵㸸±һӦ÷ǳĹ¶Һʮķޣ±Һ꾫
˵仰֮ͻȻĴӻȡһѼѸײڶ֮ƾͲԼࡣ
ͻȻıʣļӶŵֽŷ
һӵϣԼĸ׷סΡΡ֣һ²ĸϵļίٵķ
ĸڻһ˿ϢȻ΢Цǿ֣ҪһԼӵûгɹ
ƴԼ˵ҡˡֵ֮ܡһҪġҪɢġ
ļѾ涣һ߳һƴĵͷ
żӴӦԼǷһͷһûϢ
ļӼˣѾǿ޵ĻЩվˡ
һ˱ŻҸͻȻֻ֮һҹ֮丸ĸ˫˫
رǸҲ֪ǲеǱ³飬ѾʼӰǡ
ȻȻڲͣĿȴһԵɱ
ЩԥǷѧϰ³˼ʼᶨ


370 
˵㣬ϵܹ֮ɵϢһ¡
ڶ죬ĸ׵֮ѹġ۾ʱ򣬷ѾϾŵˡ
ȵҴҵĴ·ʱ򣬷Ѿˡ
㣬ǳˣֻεҡҡͷ˵үˡ
һŭɫ˵ÿϲ˯ϲ𣬶ˡҲ֪ȥչһԼҵ
ʲô÷չģѵһʿҪ棬˼Ҷ²ɣ
ӵ㻹Ҷ죬ӵĲˣ̧־͸Դһơ
Ҷ죬֪֪Ҫû룬͸úˡ
ȫĻȻڼס˱ѱǰҪ࣬ΰɶݽģټԼǰļʮ򣬻ûеɽˮĵز
ʲô˵㻹Ųɡ
ջˣϽȥȰܣһ˵ôôѽһ仰𣿡
ӣεĳԼȻ󵱳ʾһᾡĵõһʳеѡ
⣬Ȼֺ˵ɿŵǶû¹ˡ
㼱æĵͷʾȫ̫˼һּ¡
˵⵵ڣΰ߻ˡ
ոյƿž
ſͣô¶öסۼҵĴţŲ˵ǵˡ
˵仰ʱΰǳĲãǸղźߵ˾һܡ
һΰĻϽվ˵Һģⲻǽиϰ壬Ҫȥصɳǡ
֮۾Ͻץסĸ첲ʵǺϰüǮûУȥ֮ͰǴ򷢻
ĸģǸϰǿúģеǮһȥûʮ˼õó֡
֮۽¶ЦݣȻ˵һµǮͲҪˣֱûҾ͵ˡ
֮εĿ˿վڲԶ㣬˼˵
ô죿ѵĸΥ̫ֻĵ˵ͷ
¶ѽ۾һͷһ̾Ц˵⻹˵𣿵ȻҪǮû㾭ڼңٲõǮ⣬Է𣿡
Ц棬һͣ˵֪ˣ㸸ĸǶϱӻ˵ˣֱһľͷ񡣡
仰ĹͰ˵˱˼ҵĶӣվڲԶ̸ЦշǳĺãЩʡ
⵽˭Ķѽô˵ʱû¶Ц
㲻ľеķΧǰһû˵ʱ䲻ˣϿ߰ɣ˼ϰȼˡ
仰ʱǲˣǸϽĺǡ
Ҫȥ£ҲЩ壬Ͼո𴲻û緹ء
ҪȻԵ㶫ߣȻĻϲ緹õʯġ
û¶أһٲûʲôϵ
˵⻰ʱקֳˡ
ȵ˱ĴţһȻ˵̫ԽԽˣǰҳһ¡
㺦µˣһΪ첻µزˡ
ˣҲһｵһ±ˮ㶹ѽǼҵλ̫һһ
˵⻰ʱѾˣͣſڵԡ
ʱ˾Ѿ˳ˣ򿪳ţ˳
ӺܿˣȻһ˹֮˸ٹ·ֱʮСسǡ
ȵٴͣʱѾһɽǰ
ϰʱѾżſӭˡ
ȵһ³ϰСܼǰץʹҡҡȻ˵ɰˣ귨֮ǺúõĺԺҪʲô¾ܷԸֻҪܰ쵽һá
ĵ˵ͷȻ󲻶ɫĳԼ֣վԵ˵ʱ䲻ˣǸϿ緹ɡ
˵仰ʱôķƵǲѼķµһ¶
æĵͷȻǰϰһԣߴߴ˵һ󣬹һ»صԡ
ϰѾӦˣ³֮ʮ򡣡
ĬĬĵ˵ͷЩǮôԼһҲ
Ǯǲ٣ɣ㰴չش㣬ʣµֱӸˡ
ĻЦǶѵˡ
һصõĳ㹻µˡ
Уģһ̫̫ǰԼġ
˵⻰ʱֺĴһ¡
εҡҡͷЩߣ̫̫֪֪˭Ķӣ
ÿһʱЦ棬ֵԼʱǺɡ
Ǹϰ˵ĲˣҲЦŹ˵ǲȥпһȻô
һ£ǵ˵ͷطһǳʲô£ҲģʡõʱԼ鷳
ϰͷæԱߵһŹģʹ˸ɫ
ȥпһҾͲȥˡ
һĿ࣬ຩˡ
ҲΪԴǵԵʣλֻĬĬĵ˵ͷ㲻˵ˡ
˾͸λ³˵µĿ֮С
ڸոһͣʱ򣬾Ѿۣʼڻ谵Ŀ֮Ĵɨ
ֻڻҰĵƹ֮УܵĿϣһɹεĺڻӡ
ЩŨȵӣǾȻʼ۳һţȻһεĹڿ֮صļۣҪҳһͨϽͨ
üǰоЩʼġ
ɲһֹô򵥣ӣӦ󶴴һԶԶʱļӣӦкܶԩꡣ
ǻ˵ˣſɽǰγɵǲˣӦмǧʱ䣬Ǹʱôڡ
㲻ʱͻȻǰߴһ˵ļС
˻࿴æĸСǰȥ
ȵתһһտĿ󶴵ʱ򣬿ǰһĻǾëȻ
ֻտĿǰеĵ紸ѾͨһǳεͨͨʮʬģĶ
ѾǶԶԶģĶЩͻȻҲŵòᡣ
龰Ͻǰ˱ͻȻͨͨڣŽŵµʮ߸ʬпʼ˼
ЩʬǳĿֲǴ죬ںʲôҶϵļⶼŤһţʮֵӦǰܵ˷ǳصĥı顣


371 ̨
ӹŹֵЩ˴·ʮֵĻҿʽȴôԶӦþƳҡ
ʱҲߵԣʵôʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷȻ˵ӦһӵַôּǧǰγɵĿʯм䣬Щ˼⡣
ЦЦȻ˵ʲôӦ󶴵ߣһ·ͨȥʱľԶӦѾˣԴһ߿·ͻȻֵġ
ҡҡͷû˵ʲôȻعͷԶ˵ɼ˰ЩʬһߣȻһͨҽȥһ
һ£Ȼ˵չ涨ҪǷĻӦ򿼹ŲŻ㱨ԶЩʬΥġ
࿴һۣȻ¶һ˿Цû뵽ѾְλˣĹŰ塣
߹ǰȥһߣȻС˵ǲҪƻҲҪֻȥô¡ûµĻ֮ȫ֪ͨŲš
һ£Ȼεĵ˵ͷָż˽Щʬ˿󶴵ıԵǸͨһͨ·
·ͨˣϵľкԼһ󶴡
Ҳɵղżǿֲ龰֪ⶴһûк鷢Ҳȥ
ûа취ֻǸɵԼһǰȥ
ȻһĺܣҪ֮Զûдһ£͸ȥˡ
˽ڵͨеĸ̽յƵָ£ǰš
˼ףͻȻһտĿռ䡣
Ǹ̽յƵָһ⴦ռ䣬ǳĸɾ࣬Ǹոձ˴ɨһ
üȻȥڵһ¡
Ĳǳʯǹ⻬ĵ棬ڵһذשһ
ҲʼЩģȻǸʿҲЩħ֣Ƕô龰ǵһ
ԱߵǸȴ˷ܵ۾ʼðˡ
ǿв˵ķ֣㿴мǸ̨һǹʱмĵطһǵһη龰
бۿһ˷ܵЩͷԣӦŵô˷ˣ
ͬʱҲʼЩԾô仯ļңѵʲôԼ
˼ʱǸȴСмǸ̨ȥ
ȵ̳ǰʱ̽յż̨ɨ˺óʱ䣬˷ܵĴеҲˣҵ˳ͨ
㱻仰˸һţǲǷˣִг
ʲôͻȻתͷһһȥȻл߶߶˵ھͲƷˣͷһˣһҰߵҲҾܹˡ
ȹ˸տʼĺ֮ҲƽͿһһԼǰȻ˫ֱԼʺ
ͻĹ׼һֵԼǰ
˫εץסұۣǵþʱȴץסһɽһǰ㾹Ȼʪ
һЦȻ־ֱļһӾͰȥԶ
˵ɣô£
㿴Զڲͣ˵
ΡΡվԶ㣬ɫͱࡣ
ԭȻΪǰʿϰǰЩһǾҷƭӣû뵽ϰ廹һˡ
Ӹղŵһ½Ӵ֪ƾԼ㱾»治Ķ֡
ֻôһССĴۣԼ˵еܣȫΡ
ֻǿһ۾ͻȻתܡ
ۿϾҪͨʱһһѱѾ
ҲǸӣ粻ƣ֪ãһ˰Լ
Ҳ˲ͨˣ̾˸¿žһĺХžһǰɹ
æ֮У̧ͷһ̾ɫˣԭǰɹһλεı
ⱦԼͷ֮󣬲ûԶȥһתȵͣԼĶͷǰ
Ǵ˵еĽɲʹɷԼǰѱӦþǴ˵еķɽˡ
ִ˵еĶվһҶͬʱһɺֱŵ׳嵽ͷ
ǰѵϰĵʿǲʿѾԼˣΪ˴ԼõǸܡ
Զʱȴ˵ˡ
˵ɱˣȻȥϰ˵Ǳеʯͷϰ᲻ţ
ѾڹΪ֪֮ȫģϰǸԼһЩͲ׷ԭί
ĬĬתͷһһ㷽ȥ
΢ЦĿԼ߹һȲʤȯӡ
ȵߵ״ĵطͣȻɥ˵ҿ԰ܽ㣬ϣ֮󣬷һ
㲻ÿɷ˵ɡ
û𸴣ԼСڶԷУҲֻε˵Լвʮܡ
ԭСڸĳϰ忪ǿɽʱͽɽ򹤡
һжʮֵƽûʲôۣһȥʱʼ׵ȴһ˵Ķ
ⶫһݼĵͼ
Ӹıʼǣ֪һǰʱҲʦ
Ҳ֪һǵȵõһݷǳط
ܹͨ˵Ӷ˵֮һԼ壬ӶﵽĿġ
λڵõܷ֮󣬱Ȳĳԣùƽеļʮȫƭ˽Խļ̨
Ľݱʼûϸļأֻдλܷͨ˼
ڸոյõݱʼǵʱֻǰһǲϣһΣڿ󶴵µʱȻ˹֮
ͿһɵӰһ󹤣Ȼǿ󹤾ȻϢĵȥ
Ϊ𾪣ǰΪ޻̸֮Ȼĳǰ
оĲǿ־壬һϲԭѾֿԼϣ
ͰձʼļأʼĬĬĳｨҪ׼ļ̨
ǣڿʼ׼̨ʱ򣬲оЩ֡
ԭ̨ɲͨһ̨Ҫ³Ķͯѹڼ̨֮¡
֮⣬бڼ̨ϵ̸ֵķ䣬ԱӦ
ûеȥɱӤټ϶ЩѾȫʧֻǷԼ޽̨뷨޽̨ϡ


372 
ͨоǷݵͼ׵צˡ
Ϊͨͼڽ̨ص׼׵ľ룬һûͨҲ֪ôȥġ
ЩѲûдλ룬Ķ־
ϸо˵ͼԵʵؿ֮ȷ̨򹤵úĵص¡
Ҳҧؿʼڿ֮ƴı֡
ǵõϰʶΪľ
ڳΪ֮λ㿪ʼԼְȨԵĸı˿󶴵췽ϣĵطǰ
ͨϣļ̨Խ֮гֵĹȴԽԽࡣ
ͨĿ󹤣żܹƮ
Щĳ֣ÿȴΪĳٻһסˣ˰Ϣͱϰ
ϰҲ¿ȥһΣһΣϰǱŵƨġ
Ӵ֮ϰҲ¿ˣѪ˲Ǯųаģɲܾôš
˴Ӵ֮ϰǺˡ
ùϵഫ˵еĸǰеʿкУзˮʦЩ˺ƭǮģһ֮ͨûʲôЧһУոȥ꣬ȻֱӾŵûȥˡ
λڹǲ¿֮ΪܹϵļƻܹУȻ¿󣬴Ź˿ʼǰ
ϰ֪λʲôΪΪ˸ϽȶΪʧأ˶ӵء
Ϊƽļȥֱҵ̳ȻɾͳϵԸ
ϰҲ֪ʲôϵȻļƻһ
֮üͷţƭԼĻǫ̂·ͬСɣе˳ϵļ̳Ӧͬһλ棬һλнĳ
뵽ʱͻȻӻȥһ˿УȻ͵ȥ
ķ۾ոյһͱ˸ʵʵ
Ѿʧȥ˺֮ģֻżȻķͷôǸ̳һġ
뵽ʱ۾ת㣬¶һ˿΢Ц
ҲΪǳϵļ̳лĻûʿı£Ҳ̳á
ʱԼͿƾеʿ
һȻĽʿͷԼҲܹзһ
Լ±ƳĻҲܹԺ֮У½һ̨
ɲеʲô˼ץ˿еһͷ첽мǼ̨ȥ
ҿ˿һ⣬ͨӵĻôһƨ
мļ̨ǰ۹ۿɭɭļ̳
֮£̳ͣðźЩûʱܵĿ֮Уǣոðɣû뵽һռ䣬ͻȻʧˡ
ȻԼ̳Ӧһͨʱյͨ
һĵʿһ취ͨݻ٣˺Լʱա
ȴһһǿ
׼ðһ̳һ̳Ķ浽ʲôܵĻԼҲҪȥȡһЩô
뵽ʱ͵תһе˿У䱻˿ǰ
̳ô
һۣ¶΢Ц
ʿӵзͷôڳϵջǰʧȥǡ
ҸķҲԣĴӦ̳֮󣬵õʹҪһЩ
ãҴӦ㡣
´һ˵ӦǾԣҲ÷ĵĽܸ㡣
һȻΪŭĿһۡ
ҲЩģһ˵ĻľͺͷŸƨһͲһ£Ƕ޳ɵĸʿ˵ԵԼɾʹˡ
ҪΥԣȳɾɵʱضήֻʱֲŶͻ
˸Ͳ׵ķģһľһɣʡĺԼлΪС
㣬粻оһϲΪ֪Ǽץסˡ
ô֪̳˳ϣ㻹ԥʲô
Ĭ룬ȻͻȻһ¶΢ЦȻڵأͿʼԡ
ϣ£ֻҪ̳ܸңһڵõ֮һΥģɵ
ˣ˻ΪѾɾɣͲһܹõɵ
ȴ֪ЩҪɾɣ붼飬ϾȻ˵մһ֣Ͼɡ
ˣĴ󵨵Ľ̨ķ㡣
Ҫ̨ҲףֻҪǽƷѪҺڼ̳֮ϣȻܹͨ޾֮УеĴʥõ˼Ʒͻή½˵õ޾
ŹȻԼƲһȻͬͨ
۾˼£ȻôǲǾͶһƷˣƷ˻ǱĶ𣿡
Ҽȵļ֮УֻǼ̳˵ĻӦ
˵ͷͻȻĻعȥְĵͷ­֮ϡ
һ͵̧ͷ˵Ҫʲôѵ˸ղԣ
ЦЦ˵һ׹ѾɾɣղŷģһϷԡ
֮ǴʧɫȻҵЦ˵ҪǶв죬Ҳ˵ġ
Ͳˣƶа취
˵仰֮һֻһŤĵĲӡ
һʦģ׷˻꣬ķ꣬
ո꣬ʬ֮ϾƮһӰãܿ˿֪ʲô顣
ʱϾѹžͷһ˿Хȥ
ǻû㣬Ծһֱ֣ӽӰץС
ԭѾһֽӣղץסӰģֽԱߵǸ͡
΢΢һЦȻȥӻȡ˿Ӱһӡ
ǸӰһ֮£ʧ˿֮С
ٴŻӶǱ뿽еĹӰ˵֮ϣڵһͳԭΡ
ԭӰĻǣ
㿴ǣ΢΢һЦȻ˵Ҹղʵʱ˵ˣ˵ܻһЩиʣĻǵõҵıӣҲǳϣҲΥŵԡ


373 
±ߵǸЩľګڿֻŨŨ𾴣˵ЩȫûƵġ
ԴҲ⣬ʵʲô
Ǹ±ߵĹѯʣľͿ˵¡˹ŷ˹ķâ١޹˹ס׵¹ɱķ١ŷʡŷ˹ŷٹϲ˹١ŷǡŷǡϲģýư˹³ŷŷ³ɱŷ¡ģٻħлһЩʽҪâǺͼƷϣҲҪ׳ԡ
ڵӣԷһ飬Ժ֮С
ҲתʬһȻ˼̳֮ϡ
˼̳ǰüͷһ£Ȼ͵һȻʼʩչ
һʩչǽ編
ŷʱʩչһΣһŷǾ
Ҳһʩչ֪֮ŷ
ˣһΪԷһҲ̳֮ʩչŽ編̳͵ռλ뿪γһĿռ䣬ʡԼһʱʲôӡ
̳֮УγһĻ֮ϣһĵġ֣ƮɫĻ档
編֮󣬻һڵϣʼͨеĹ
λѾʼ﹵ͨǰҪࡣ
ֻһ룬ǹ˵λ渽ʱ谭ùȫλ档
ҲֻʱģֻҪǹһһڵλ֮ϡ
﷢ʲô飬ǹķܹڵλ֮ϣټϹļӳ֣ӵеλܹе
ʱܹһзĲ⣬ҪʱֻҪһͨڵλ渽ǻĹܹͨͨ뵽λ棬ѹһС
˼̳ǰһڰһֱƮŵķɽ̾ʬǰȻһһ
ʬѪҺ̳ʼų˵̹⡣
վڼ̳ǰʼ㼤ٴǼ̳̹ԽԽʢضγһƬɫ
ɫ֮һڵ㣬ʼѸٵγһ״ͨ
ȴоͨһ棬һЩ޵һһЩǿҪͨͨλ档
һҲо֣˲ͳһ棬žһεĲƿʼ
ո͸̾ͱ˴ǣȻȫ˻ȥ
ͨһ񲢲ô
Ȼ赲˻Ȼһ˿˿ʼ˳ͨһ档
һλ棬̾ͷһϲЦ
ЦôĴ̶һû
ʱԺͻȻĳһźڹģֲࡣ
Уȫǳª
ֻȻǳɵΣڲȴԴ첲
첲֮ϳøûʲôɣ߰һֲ֮ϡ
ټ֮ϲʱ͹һȻѸٵʧȥʲôϲͣ䶯
Ǹ࣬ڵ۾ȫڼ̳֮ϵǾ
˺һ˻ƺͼ˵ҵͽҺϲļƷΪһΪҵľӽԺϡ
ڣϣſ񣬺ҸӣӽԺһֱҵԡ
üѵǸɵ𣿿Ŀǰơ
طǱԼķ͵λָˡ
ѵûпԼôҲǸ𣿻Ƕλ̫ǿ󣬸ͲԼ
㿪ʼ˼ʱڼ̳֮ϣʬ忪ʼٵ
һɹɵʬ֮Ʈ˳Ʈûʧ֮ͨУǿʼյ֮ϣǸͨӹһ
ͨɫǣͨһǸ෢һЦžһ˳ͨʼһӡ
Ȼʼһӣٶȴǳһ޷γһõķ
վﲢûижҪൽҪʲôܵĻץסķо
ֻҪķԼУеǰ취ռܣԼĽ¡
ܵĻԵõڿռ꣬ʱĹܹͨ١
ռ仹ûбoռݵĻôͿٴεõһԼеĿռ䡣
ĸoӦûзռ䣬ĻҲǧټƵҪȥǸλ档
˵ռ࣬Ľ͸һ棬Ȼ͵ЩͺѾͨͨЩ־Ϊһ壬Ȼ󻯳һɫĹֱĶš
һ龰֪Ҫᡣ
̳õģͲʲô˳Ҫ־͸ʱյڵ֮ϣǿжȡһ˵
ԼɫĹ򣬸ûзཫڵ֮ϣ㻹Щɵֻһ־ô˵Լڡ
ֻӶеĿ뽫һ־뿽֮УȻΪԼá
ǿųֻǽ˰֮Уܿöȥ
һüԼĿĲӦ
Żûеİ취ǸɫĹͻȻļѸײڶ֮öţʶ֮С
Ҳˣû뵽տʼĹƵٶԻȵʩչ˷֮ͻȻļ١
һûԼԺ֮еʱ򣬾ͺ񱻶סһվ˿
ԭʱҲѾµĽԼںǸһ춯صĴս
ԭǸһʶ֮󣬾¶Ǹªӡ
ֳԭΣϷųһ̹⣬Щ̹ĳֹ฽ţʼʴʶ
ԼȴоһڸʶϵʱƣϵҲʼɿļٲȡ취¾ͻᱻȫʶ֮Уռ塣
оȻɵķѾǳˣǱɢ̹⣬ȴϵĲࡣ
ɢķոһӴЩ̹⣬̾ͱе䣬޷̹һһ˺
̳˳ϣһܹӷȡĹߡ


374 Ԯ
ĲͣϮ㱾ķѾֲסˡ£ԼûбҪڲˣĻº롣
һ̺ڵλԵĹȡϵ
ǹһ˲͸Ӧ뷨̾һһ䵽˵
һصλоûгԼܹɵļޣټ֮кԵ֮ɵķŹ䵽ڡ
ʱڵսѾӽβɫĹڲͣɨҪȫʶʱܹռ塣
㱾˵Ѿȫ˾ӵʶıԵʱûԮҪˣ˿Ҳֻ͹ɣǿˡ
ʱһʶ֮УȻܿľ뵽֮ڡ
õļӳ֣̾;һ񣬽ĬĬӦͨ
ֻѾƣϾҪ꣬ͻȻĽš
ǽֳ֮һ
Ϯ̹ⱻһգȻǲܹǰϮֺ
Ǹ龰ҲһȴһҲ£Ϊ˫ϵĲǰء
ֹͣ˼ԶԶվţҪһСʿʲôͨ
ѵõĴϢᣬ̽Ͷȫ˳
ֻʶ֮н䣬֮У
Ĺ;÷ǳĲӦüȻһ
ռʶһߣ̾ͱɫֻƽĿռ䣬ѾһƬƬѪѪ֮ĹڲͣĺС
ʱ㣬Ѿȫں˹Ͷ۾΢΢һЦȻŶĹ˵ϣʱ
ǸҲô̶ʼ˵
ĸάoСʿѵľ𡣡
ϣʶǹ֮˵
ǸⷬϾô£һСʿǹͶλķ
Ҳλ棬˴㣬ԼķͶ̥תԱԼ֮
һ£ͨСԼһĶ֣ϾڶԷ
ûбҪͶԷ˺Ȼ˫ĿĲ࣬绯ɸΪ񲯡
˵λoȻĿҲλ飬ЯֺΪһʱƾһܹͳһλһ˹ִͬλ棬ҲܹиӦֹ˵o֡
λĻĻҲľͻӦ
ϧǹǹǾ߷ˣôԼλ汻o֡
Ҳ֪Է䵽λĿģǿλڶ࣬Ҫȡ֮
ȻûбҪٺ˷ʱˡ
ֻĹָǰһ㡣
̾һֱǹš
Ǹ｣oҲֻзһֹŹֵǰȻһŻ
ĽŻ֮ϣûκεĲеŻա
ǹª¶һ˿ЦݣԵӵ
ڹǰŻȻʼųһɹɵḷ́Щ̿ʼܵӡ
̵ӣʶ֮УѾռݵĵ̣Ȼʼ컯Ȼʼųˡ
΢΢һ㶣û뵽ﾹȻı£ҪΪѽ
㲢£ֻɿĿʼΨźܿʹﵽ˹γȡ
ʱһ۾ԶǸ￴ȥ
һ£ǿò
ֻǿεĹ֮УѾһֵĹЩ̺֮Ѫ
Ĺߣһª
֮ô˵Ϊ㷲˵Уʵ̫ªˣΪͷ­ɡ
Щͷ­ÿһԼ־ʼ˵ԼĹͬʱһ֮ͣɢ
Ļ֮У߹Ȼ׽ܹһԵôĺг
ֳ˽ǰԼĵȼࡣ
ʱΪ㲢ûжô֣ΪԷҲǿᱻⷽȻų⡣
ԼΪȻ˵ҲһЩƺ⣬ųȴȶԷС࣬ԼܵҪǿԷ
Ҳٵʱ䣬ֻпʼĬԡ
еԽԽ죬ʼһѹŹ
ǸһоЩģû뵽СʿȻܹʱĽ
ԼȻ˵Ҳһ񣬵λѹССķǲǶ֡
ȻǸɴͷ壬ѰһĿɣʡΪ֣Լ˱Դ
뵽֮̾ͲȡжֻһЩѾռʶ̹⣬Ȼʼ͵
Щ̹Ͱʱʶɵһ㣬Ѹٵ¿֮ȥ
ҲС˵λҪ֪ⷽλעѾĩʱڡ
ʱȻһЩСʩչȴǳޣùҲԼ걩¶磬ΪͲô߼
ǸϣıǹҲλoԣһЩŻݣʩչǿôڵֱӾͰ걩¶֮£ֱѰ·
ֻ뿪֮󣬱㿪ʼɿûзɳȥʮ׵ľ룬Ѿĳ˰ٷ֮߰ʮ
һҲ֪ˣҲѰķˣֻ̹һתʹ˻ʶ
֪ΨһܹȥķǺʶеƴˡ
»صʶ֮УϾ;òͷˣΪֻǸղôһ˲ʱ䣬Ѿȫ¿ʶ
ʶ֮УѾ˽ӲӵһƬ֮ľ֣̹ΰ
Ƿ˵ʶľ
ԭڸոյһ˲䣬Ѿ¶ʶĿȨΪ˱֤ʶİȫֱӾùķʶʱɵľ
ǹʶʱ򣬾ͶһĽ⽫ɵɫסʼһе
һ¿ЩˣҪ֪ߵЩȫİĻôʶͻڶԷǰǸʱһеܶᱻo֡


375 
һ£ҲƴˣֻҲϥʶ֮УʼϵԼı塣
ڵռ֮һλ֮У޾ѪѪ֮иʽι
⻷˿Ǽȶֺ¡
ǾѪ룬һ޴ʯߡ
ʯ̹֮Щ̹һصĹҫѪ֮е飬Щ̾ɫ꣬ʼֵԳʯеĴܡ
һ̹ʧѪеֿʼɫͣΰo
ʯеĴʱЩգΪղŵĸӦѾ֪ԼķЩΣգҪٲԮĻһܾͻᶼԷ֪ˡ
ҪʩչԽʱͿռάǰȥԮĻЩԸ⡣
ΪȻλҲһλ񣬵ҪԽʱͿռ䣬ôĵʵ̫ˣοڸղŵһӴУҲ֪Ǹǳɭϣм
⻹Ǹ̨İҪû̳¸޷͸λ档
ԮĻǷ֮źȫͬļ䣬һЩ䱻ԷõˣôǸoһȫ֪Լ㣬ܹ֪Լλľ꣬ʱɾ鷳ˡ
̾һֻǶβˣǾǱסˡ
뵽֮һ
һôͻ̸Ӧ
ʱʶ֮еǸһʶҲӦϢ
أԱԼܡ
ͬһλĻӦͬһʶԥִС
һغΪԽʱͿռάȣķȻһ˿ԼʶȻʼԥˡ
ԥһ˲䣬ڿռʱһǸ̾͸Ӧˡ
һ㶣ȻŨŨŭŭܿӵķ֮ϡ
ķҲоطŭڴߴء
Ϊѣòʱ򣬶ǹûиԥʱ䡣
ѾʴЩɫĹ򣬾һԥĿյѾȫĹơ
ɫĹ򷢳ҫ۵ĹââҲһ˲ıܿľͰȥ
ȵ̹ʧʱ̹֮гһɺɫĲ
ⲨԵģǴֻһʶ
ǹķҲˣԼԱ񣬿ҲԼţҲ¶ģɴͬھ
ֻʶʼѸٵȻ󻯳һɫĹ㡣
Ĺʶı仯һϾԷѾԼľ֮Уһһκε˼άڹƿ֮С
ڿɲأΪҪͨʶƲǸλꡣ
һ̾ʹϷų⣬Щǻ۹⣬徻⣬ѹ⡣
Щâһ˲䶼ӿǸʶ֮С
ǸѾԱ׼û뵽Щâһӿ֮УоĴȱ֮пʼٵķŴ
ʴ˼룬ҲһЩı仯
Ѿ˱ľģھȻʼԥ֮У˵ŷӵá
ԽԽʶȻԱ뷨ʼЩֵʴʼתȻڹˡ
ת͹ͽĸ̾Ҳͨ޲Ӱ䵽һλǹ֮ڡ
˵ЩķʼתĻôȴûжá
Ȼ޷ҲתȴʼϮ壬Ҫڵȫڡ
ǹ΢΢һüϾϴ̣Щ̹ΧЩѪ֮вͣɨǱ̹ɨеѪʼΰʹơ
Щûбɨ̹ɨеѪеھȻʼɫʯеǸ
޺֮УϮȻʼ󲻵òų⵽λ֮⡣
ҲˣҲûа취ڿԽռʱ䣬ͶӰλˡ
ΪǾ߷ѾȫıϮɣҲ޷ڶǷ
󰡣̾һ֪һλ棬ǹһˡ
Ϊ˷ֹǸoͨõֵͨλ棬͵һֻצӣλͨһġ
ռͨʹ޴һ̾Ϳʼ
ֻǹ˼ӵʱ䣬ͨѾʧ
ɵĹԴ龰ӶΪ֪ƾŴͨ޷ͨ
ʵһЩķ֮ȡҪϢȻͨЩϢҵλ棬ʱԼʩչͨͨɱǿˡ
ʱǵʶͨıǿռλ泹׵ĶϾϵǹʶʼѸٵķŴȻȫų˶Ǹʶȫļ䡣
ķʶѾȫΪһ顣
ȻøõȫɣڵҲɲٿˣôȥΪá
Ȼ˵ǵõʶǹеĽթȴ߷ȫļ̳
ֻһת²òͷĵ
Ϊ棬һϻʲô
ˣ̾ģŵλԣʼġ
λΰoҵľ⣬ԸȫΪֻҪҵԸΪڸλս
˵ĹҲʼ˼
Ҫ֪ľ֮д󲿷ֶͨɮˣȻҲһͨģ̫١
ܹõͶЧôԼ¾ֶܹһλҲԼ
λҲֹͣ˼ϮԵʵҪģ
ķ⻰оһϲ֪Լסϣˡ
شĻĹ齵
ãȻˣſ񣬿ʩ
ķԥһ£Ҫ֪һſԼķߣôԼеһжɶԷѿˡ
һԼȻ˵ԼȫԷѹƣԷʱҪԼ
ȻµֿȫͶҲܹһ˿лĻܹԼԭȵλ棬
뵽ʱҲٵֿųĺҲʼļ
ԷЭˣ΢΢һЦ
ʱγɵľ֮У͵޾о
Щ翵⾻֮кʵʣʼŹ塣
Ǹﱻ룬̾;ǱͶ˹֮һʼĲҽ


376 
Щоͣӿ뵽֮УڵҲ˷츲صı仯
ԭĹڲͣıȡִ֮λķ
ȵоֹ֮֮ͣźѾȫʧ˲ʱ˸ɫâһ㡣
ѾȫıƣȻԼǣѾȫڹ
ʱһһɨ֮еһܣͶѾ
˰ι΢΢һЦȻ֣ǻɰ׵ĹһС
˵İ׵㣬̾ͷ˹УɵһֻСèһ
ʱһ̾˳˹ľ磬ǹķʶ̾壬ʼάܿľ뿪˵λ滯»˹֮С
ʱڵλԵĹյ㴫ϢȻеǸ׵㣬۾˸һ˿ֵĹâ
һǰɫĹʧȻͿʼγܿľͻصԼľ֮С
֮󣬹˾е֮ϣȻһӣһ׵͹䵽˵֮ϣ⾻֮УķʼŰ׵ӿȥ
ǰ׵ܿľͱӵķŷһɫĹ롣
ֻһʵܿĹâͰȥȵٴŹ뿴ȥʱмѾһͷӡ
ͷӻɢһҲʱһ˿϶ĹЩľս
⿡ͷѹ֮ܿһ£ϵľԼĴֻǰһڹǰ
޹Ӷл֮
мϵĹ¶΢ЦȻ˵ȵǱ𣬲Ķ⡣
л̻壬ҼţӽԺǱضģΥ׹ֻأóѡ
ͷӸոյ˵꣬ͻȻ֮ڹľ֮УǾ͸оһǿϽˡ
ǸͷҲоˣԼǾ仰һ˵꣬Լھһʲô룬Ȼ뵽֮С
һͷЩ棬ΪʱԣЩoһɾܹͣʩչͨ
˵һߣЩoʹãֻҪԼģ۳񣬾Ϳ֮ͨ
һߵȴһʶڻܹµһһ
ԼղֻǸһԣ͸ӦˣȻٵԼһǸԼ͹һ֤
мĹһָƣͷѾ֮ԣҲͷ
ԣҾ͸һӽԺ
ͷһ£Ȼ˵ĸŲСһţ޺֮𣬴ӽԺǽߣΪǽѣ۹£Իǰ
˵֮ԻĪͼüȴˣµͷԱӦɴܲ޿ͨ񡣡
±ߵĽߣ֮Ժ̾ͳһŹ¹֡
ֲеĹԴΪĹ£ӽ֮ҪΪǽѣԳյ

˵ʱڿ֮е㣬ڽoĻ֮һοڿмǸ̳
ⶫҪ˵ҲһȻԼòϣԺԼҪȥǷĻ̳ͨټϹõ꣬Ϳγһͨ
ߵ̳¿ʼĴĴҪ취̳ȫߡ
ǿ֮ȫʧˣΪ̳שľĽṹҪȱĽŪߣǿǲס
רҵĿԱܹ̳еשľԭⲻһڱĵطװֺƻеĹͷ
һ£ȻԼûа취ôͽñ˵
һѾصеĹ̾͸ӦˣʱھΪոճɾ޺֮Ľߣ˵
ڽӵ㴫Ϣ֮üͷһ壬½翴һۣȻ֣һ
ٵĽάܿľ˵λϵǸ̳֮ϡ
ǹһ뵽̳֮ڣ̾һһ̳Ȼ͵죬ȻȱؽӴļ̳ȫ˿С
ż̳ڹİ֮£Ȼ͸ұڣȻɿǼٹ֮ĵȥ
̳ʧ֮УЩεԼԼĹӰҲʼɢ
ĵ˵ͷһǲˣֲ̳ԺԼܴջ
üͷһ壬Զһ·һ¡
ֻǵʿûʲôһɾܽͣ嶼ˣЩ㲻֪ô˵ˣϾһ˲ˣҲС¡
㻹뵽˰취ɴཫȫĴݻ٣·һֻҪԼߵϰ󶴷գʱƣҲĵȥˡ
ΪԷһ㻹ʩչһķǾǾ
ڼ̳ʧĵطԼѪһķš
ȥ˼ʯϱߵ˷䣬ȻһķλķŰ
վһɴʼдʣɷ飬ǡ˹ӦٳɷģټִͣУ뷡
֮꣬йһ硣
һصɺһǰƮƮ򰵲ͬ
һʮֵʵ֮ǹ񺿡
һɽ֮оȻγһķΧĹ˺ܴĲ
ʩչطþıⷽصĹȻٻۼɾ
ʱڴݻ⴦ɽ˲аڿɽҲǻᱻЩֺʱĹԹ˳ȥԼɱ˵ܾͱסˡ
ҸΪǣЩ޷뿪ľʮɵľ룬Ļһ뿪Щܿľͻʧ
һˣ뿪ɽ֮ǰһıǱ̾ͷɳ˽ʣȻֱײ˶ڡ
һ죬ͨ󶴵ͨȫ̮
̮ͨȴԭȵǼ˶ѾˣѾˡ
˳ԭȵͨĻصȻ󰴶ťʼ֮˵档
һ￵ϰӭ
ϰһɨ㣬Ȼһüʵôû
üͷһʱãƶǹｻսʱ򣬽ֱ̮ӾͽУڿѾɥȪ
ϰɫڿЩˣʿԼǵġ
ʿȥһˣҲ֪ɹôԼɥʧһұۣҲ֪ôļ˽
ˣ¾ʱķŵһ߰ɣһԼ󶴣ô
ǲ֪֮УǷˣ
ҲƶѾˣӽֻ֮ҪǲͨƶݻٵͨԷĵĿɡ


377 Ķ
ϰﳤһܹˣҪôͣȥҪĵ׳ˡ
ﾭЩģϾʱѾˣҪøȫʬĻҲþ
ģ㿴ܲɼ˽ȥʬڳϾҪһ
üͷһ壬ɫͲÿ
ڿǸ󶴵Ļпҵʬ壬ҪҸոշ˿ӣڿˣٽʲô£ɾͺûϵˡ
ϰĲˣһת̾Ͱ׵˾⡣
һеģǻǳûбҪΪԼĿɽܵʧ
ϰ̾Ͱѻת˻
ʬҲǱҪģΪǿɽܹӪȥļҲ׷ġ
˵ʱϰоһЩǮļ˸ˣֻҪǲ¶ЩҲûʲôϵ
ϰͲ飬ǴʳãȻʳõĴʦһӲˡ
ȻʳôʦˮƽޣõĿɶʵϣرеȫõҰ⡣
ٷ㻹Ե⡣
ȵ׼뿪ʱǼϰ廹ûиǮ˼ЩˣԱߵʹ˸ɫ
æĽϰһߣȻĶ˵㿴ҲˣӦǸʲôʱܵλ
ϰŹ˵Ȼ˷£ǾɲɣһҪٹ۲켸죬ɣǻȥȼ죬ҵĿɽû£Ǿ˵ġ
ѽʲôвˣھҵˡ
£ϰûа취Ͼ˼Ǵϰ壬˼ҵĵϣֻҪԼһէᣬԱ߾ͻӿʮ󺺣Լһ١
˵Ǻðɣٸϰ绰
˵֮תǰʹ˸ɫȻԼɿʻ
ϰ忴뿪¶һ˿мĳЦ
˿ЦĽȥһȦҪԼһⲻ췽ҹ̷
ҪԼұѾһţ»ԼҪٸǮǲСԼ
ʱϵĸЦݵߵϰԱߡ˵ʵҲϵľˣԺҪ࣬ҲǶһˣ˭ͷⶼһ¶
ϰ壬ǽǲǿԿˣ
ϰ룬Ȼ˵ɼоĿȥѿһǸʿװôˣܵĻʬҳ
һ£Ȼ˵ϰ壬Ǹʿ˵ôͨһйŹ֣ǿɾûа취ճˡ
ǺǣЩʿĻ㻹ѽҿǸʿһ±ߺ˳ͻֲǱɱ˵ģֻҪҵʬ壬֪ǰ
ԱߵĸǻȻ
ϰǸѽҵʬ壬ôʿԺеӣ
ϰƽԱǸļ
֪ˣ𴫳ȥԺһأҿɲΪ¶¶
ǸϰĻŵóһ亹
ǰϰ壬ϴˣǰʱǺڵеĴ
Լ֪ܣҪǽԺ󴫳һ˿ķ¾ûԼùӳԡ
ϰҲ⸱Ц˵ҪֻҪ㰲ĵĹԺôٲġ
ϰһ£Ȼ˵ڿʼľˣԺҪúøɣҪҵϣ
Ȼ˵ϰԼĹ٣ȴûһ˿һĸˣսսԱߣͣĵͷ
ϰ̬ȷǳ⣬˻˵ˣˣϿȥ¿ɡ
Ǹ֮ϽСܵ뿪ûж೤Ĺ򣬾׳깤ˣ˳µĿ󶴡
ȵǲӰ֮ǾϽĹϰ屨档
ϰ壬Ѿ˼ḻĹ¿ȥˣյͼӦúܿܵ·
ţ㶢һ£ҵʬ̸֮Ҵ绰
ϰ˵֮뿪ֳ칫Ϣȥˡ
ȵϰȫӰǾһһͷϵ亹

˵ˣʮ֮ʵô£ҿʱɫԡ
˵ȻҪˡ
ܰɣҿϰҲǸˬˣѵܸɳ飿
ʲôܣղŵʱǼһﾹȻ˵ҪЧùȥ绰ѽͻһһ죬ֱƵķңҲΪֹ
һüȻһ˵ҲĿһԼǸ̳ҲǲУʵҪҪǮûйϵ
ԼôҲɣȻһ˸ˣˣҪǴȥЦ
ץŷ۾ǰͻȻ˵㲻ʶϰھ͸绰ҾͲϰ棬Ļǵʡ
ȴҡҡͷ˵ϰ˵СĲСС¶ûбҪΪ¶˷ϰӡҿ»Լɡ
Լ֪֪һǰǸʲôģȥҪˣǻǺõģҪǰƼˣ˭֪ʲôʱͻᰤٴֱֲӾͰൽˮȥˡ
¶һ˿ЦûǸ͡ҿ֮һǮӱ͵С
˵ʱӻȡһֽˣȻĬĬ̫΢۾飬ͱףаͲ壬ͥ㵶
£Ǹŵֽ˾ȻվȻ֮Ҳų˺⡣
Ա߿۾ɨһĻһɲסײ·ߵϡ
飬Ĺͷסɲóڴǰһͣ
ҵϸ磬ʲô
ûʲôһֽ˰ˡ
˵ʱҡ˳Ȼֽӳ˴ӡ
Ǹֽ˳֮óһӾ˵ϣȻһŤӣʧ˲ݴ֮С
ԱߵûѾʼ
ƲûϢһۣȻ˵㲻ͦ󵨵ǰʱǻҼЩôһų
ҵĸѽǰʱϣڴĶ˵ȥв˵ġ
뷨֮УֵܹĹ֣Ƕǲ˵Ķֲһʧأһֻ
£ⶫʧصģֻȥǸţһҪϰ岻ҵĻҪǸ󶴾͸Щһƣʡǰѻ˳


378 ı
ǰһЩһһˣð˹⡣
˵Ҫֽһϰǣ᲻ڼ֮ǮǴ
ڻϰǱء
ĬĬĵ˵ͷҵ˼ղֽȥʱѾԸ
ôû˵ѽʲôʱԸģ
ҵ޵֮ˣһͷǧ˵𣿡
һл£Сǡ
ҡҡͷ˵ҲͲنˣרĿĳ
ȵҪʱ·һеСͣ˳
ͣʲôһضأѵ߻ȥ
ҿ·ǸС㲻ȥһ
ԭ·Сʱ򣬸озųһɹֵĲϵ
ȴ֪Щѽɨһ·ߵǸСȻͣ
һɹɵ̲ͣƮеȻǺܺá
Сʵҧгݡ
˵ڵҲ˹ˣΪʲôȥе㣿ѵǵ֮оͲ
㰲οļ֮³ֱǸСȥˡ
㵽ſڵʱ򣬾ͱС֪ͺиסˡ
λǷ徲֮أǵŵĹλкѽ
һףȻ˵λʦƶ鷳ģֻǼʢȥһλԸ
Ǹ֪ͺдһ£Ȼ΢΢Щ˵λ֪йǹҲδĹ𡣡
Ŷԭǲ֪ܲܽȥհհݡ
֪ͺгһ£ǵ˵ͷ
Ȼô롣
˵ʱλ֪ͺǰߴ·С
⵹λ֪ͺжô֪ΪʿȥСңϾӹҾϣ˭֪ǰʿǲǿԼʢҵġ
˵ʿȥɣЩ˵ȥϾ˼ҪǸϳȥԵԼЩСǰߴ·ͬʱһҪʿʡԼҡ
ʱҲͣõĳϵ˾͸֪ͺнС
ȵСǰֻѾ˳ӿ
Ҫȥϸ㣬Ŷӡ
Ȼվڵ⣬ȴоڴˣһĲЩڵķȻ˹
ǱӦƮеԸھȻӿڡ
ЩԸӿ룬ͽЩ֪֮޾֮оȻһľ磬ֻվȴһ˲Щͽϵ
ͽеڳ޹ΰеֵ
Щͽİ֮УؿʼʧңڵǿŽҲֹͣתʼų˷ҵĹâ
ʱ޾ά֮Уǹľ֮Уһйָơ
λȴûκε㣬ôĮĿʧҡ
ϾҪȫĳԽ޾֮ʱԱߵһ£ȻʵôˣŸʲôǽȥˡ
ȻߣĶȴǾһĻ֮и˹
ѽղŲ֪ôˣ
һѾվ˿ʮˡ
һĸо֮Уղһӡ
üȻ˿ߵĹĵЩõĸо
ﲻãȴȫ
ʱ޾ά֮УѾͨ۰һ̾һȻ±۾
ôȥЩĵʵ
㿴ǰĴ̧̧ţͣ˽ŲתȥͷҲصˡ
ĲͷϽĺ֪ʹ˸кȻ׷˳ȥ
ȵ˴˳ʵô£ҿղŷǳĲͷ
㲢û˵ֻüͷԼ¡
ڸղͿʼͣǸʾ
Щϰµġ
Ҫ߹ĹԼķԼʲôΣأΪʲôҪԼʾ
ĸоȴʵʵڵģ㲻ܹӡ
ΪԴӳɾ֮ϵѾһ˿˿ϵܹͨĸӦʾ
ΪʲôɾɵԺ󣬿ףԭ
㲻شҲͲ˵ʲôˣĵĿĳֱļҡ
˵ʱĿ֮УǼḻĿ󹤣Źߣͣھٵͨ
⼸󹤶ǱǸؽŸ¿󾮵ġ
ΪǰʱЩ˾˼ľֵеĿ󹤶¾ˡ
һҪǮˣҲ˺ˮ
Ǽո¾ʱҲľ࿿ǰŲͺٿʲô֡
ҲΪղǸʿЩµԭ˺ܳһʱҲûмķģ첽ԭȵǸ󶴣ŸϽİ꣬øϽϾȥ
Ҫ˵ЩҲȷʵǾḻټСھãܿǰͨ·ͨһ롣
ֻҪٹСʱͨ·ܹȫĴͨˡ
ǾʮļӱŬҪϽµʱȴ
ȻһӰһǰι
ϱŵô˸£֮ϽԼñϵĿƣȻĴɨҲûзʲôֵĶ
ԱߵһЩȥˣ˵˵ʲôأϽɻ㻹ط೤ʱ䣿
ǣҸղź񿴼һӰǰһ¡
ԱߵǸ󹤴һսȻ˵ɱ˵Ҳʲôط
ļҲʼ
˵ǲǿˣ
Ǹղһ·Ҳûʲô£ɱԼԼˡ
˵ıԹԼûзʲôֵ飬ֻǵͷʼɻ
Ǿոյͷһ˲䣬һʹԹιͿɫȹ⣬Ǻڰһߡ
һǿʵˣȷʵиʲôƮ
ټǰ﷢ֵ£Զ϶һǲɾĶֻˡ
Ҳ˲ٽĹˣֱӾͰĲˣʼ񱼡
һ·ϵˤ˼ͷȴоʹһϾܣٶȼֱϰ˹ھˡ
ļѱղһһէֵЩľڼ˶ܣΪʲôأ⼸һѷܻݣ֮󲻹ܲ˵ľͿˡ


379 
ȵ⼸˴Ҵææ֮һȻһӾͶ̱˵ϡ
ھһֱȺǸεľ⼸ˣϽȥѯʡ
ôͨͨûУ
⼸֮ˢˢİ۾ϡ
Щ˵ĿҲЩѻ𣬲Ҳûа취˭Լղء
ֻǷǽվĶǸ˵⾭ͨѾһ룬ЩֳˣǼû취
⾭֮һüȻʵǹǰһ𣿡
ͷһ£Ȼ˵ǰˣǰʱƮƮĺһһȴʵʣǰˡ
⾭ϰ绰ţһԼûȷʵİգҪԺ󷢾⼸ɹĻôϿ²Լùӳԡ
һҧһţ˵Ǽȥһˡ
˵֮⾭ȥǵߵڣȴǼȻվԶǲҹ
Ǽô£ҲǺһ¾𣿡
˻࿴˿һͱȽϴ˵⾭ҿǻʱ˰ɣǸʿǲƭǵġ
УǱȥһĻôϰ㱨
˵仰⾭оԼ̫Ӳˣǻһǻ˵ǷģѾ¾һˣһ٣һȥһΣǸղŵ
Ż˵ĺã֮±·
ղ⾭⼸˵ͽͲˣһµĹˣŵĹʣЩԥˣǻ࿴˿ҧ⾭һ¾ȥˡ
ȵ˾֮󣬲ûзʲôĹҲûг֡
һ⾭ЩˣΪǼˣɹֻþˡ
㿴ɣҾ˵йƫţ˰ɣһƽ
˵֮⾭ʹͷǸͨȥ
˼ȷʵһƬƽҲʹŵӸ⾭Ǵͨ
⾭ͨǰһ£Ȼͷ˵ȻҿٹһСʱܴͨˡ
˵ʱ⾭ʺ߼ˡ
ûзʲôֵĶ
ҡҡͷ˵ûз֡
ǺðɣǼɻҲȥˣԱ߿ǣʡһ͵ȥ
һ˿Цһ£û취ˣɻɡ
¿ʼŽһİǰǸԽԽˡ
ǾʱͻȻǰһ˿磬ǰ߸ɻһˣһ£ȻֱޱתͷһԸɻ
ߵĿϣʯء
ͻȻԼԱߵǸ˾ȻˣЩ˵˵Ͽɻѵһۣ
˵ʱ̧ͷһǸˣһ֮£ֻŵȶӶʼ
ԭ۾ֱĿɫò԰ޱȡ
һʵˣһǱˡ
ҲͲ֪ӿһֱӾͿʼȥ
ٶȺܿ죬ǸĹٶȱ죬ֻ󣬽εץסļһſѪĴڣʼҪ˺ҧĲӡ
ǧһ֮ʣͻȻ߳һˣ¾ͱֱǸ˵Դ
ֻһºԴײһ
⹤˵Դû£·ȥһ顣
һ°ǸҲצˣֱӾͰˣͷҲصľֱݡ
ҲʼһεĿ
ƱĹˣŤŤӲĲӣȻ¶һ˿˵Цݣ֮ԺǽӲȴٶȷɿĽӽЩܵȺ
⾭ܻصݣȻͲܲ˵ģʼݡ
ٶȻһЩݸոһ׶ľ룬ǸѾ׷˹ֻһıԵεץסݱԵͬʱ˼ݣʼ˺ҧ
мϸ˺ҧ£˿֨֨ܿͳһ·ۿֻҪҧ£Ƕϲɡ
ʱ⾭֪ĵӣԱһֱ֣ӾԴϡ
ҺǲоʹֹֻͣĶ}˵۹⿴⾭
ļںҲó߿ʼô
һľ룬ط̫СŰϼȥ
ȵ˼ʮ֮⾭ͼһȻǺǳϵе̱ûվˡ
ȵ߽ӦˣǰǼݡ
⾭һ£Ȼ󵱳ͷ
ڿʼûҵκ˶¾
ߵĹͷ־²ͷˣ⾭Ļ˯˸ͷЩ˶ڵĴӦ
⾭͵ȥϢһ£ԼҲΡΡֱ칫ȥϰ彻ȥˡ
ʱϰϰϣء
ոЩžͱײˣ⾭˽
ô£֪ѽ
⾭Ҳ˲ϰ岻ˣһʹܵϰǰǰԲ˵ϰˣ߻й
ϰһȻһվ
ܰɣղŲѾеʿôй
ϰûƭ㣬¾ȥһˣһ˱ˣһֱ׷ɱǣҪܵÿ죬ڶѾ֪ɼˡ
ϰ֮ǳջһ˵绰͸˹ȥ
ڵˣTеһ·̯ϳտ
˳Եø˵ʱӵϰĵ绰
ոյĽͨһߵʹ˳Ӷ㶼
ģǶ㲻˵Ѿôй
ֻŲŲȻϽסͲһߵ˵ô£
ơƵ˵Ǹֽ˸ǵĽѵ
˵ʱթһЦ˵ȻûѣȻûɣڹֵ𣿡
գգ۾۾ﶼǾ塣
ϰѽǵʱɵĿͷЭ飬ǰ֮͸ѵģȻûиѣȻûɣҲûʲôãҪĻ͸Ͻĸ˰ɡ
СӱףҸ㣬ϽǸʿҰˣҪȻĻûǵĺá
ϰ壬Ǹ˵𣿡
ⲻǷϻ𣿸ϽشңʲôʱҰ½ˡ
ֻҪǮʲôⶼܽҪûǮ˵ƴȥҲûʲôá
绰һͣһ£Ȼݺݵ˵ѵϰĲ鷳𣿡
򹷻ÿˣ˵ʹϰ𣿡


380 ͷ
绰һߵϰص֣ǿһ¡
ɣϰ壬ǸʿҰˣ¾ˣֵϰȥ
ϰǿЦɣеǮ֣ҼȻûǮͺûʲôϵ㻹
绰һߵϰ壬ʱҲ̲סˣֱӾͰѵ绰ˣȻվԵ⾭˵µĺвЩһҾͲˣûҪԴë
⾭һ£ȻЩɵ˵µĸɮҪۿǷǳߵġ
ϰһӣ۾˵ʲôʱˣģϿȥˡ
⾭ϰķԸĳ˰칫ңȻϾͿʼ绰
ͷϵ˰죬ϵˣһϽĻص˰칫ңϰ㱨
ϰ֣дʦѾ˵ˣľ͹
ϰ峤ĳһȻϽļԸ
ݵĵԴȫϣκûҵ¾
ͣһ£˵ɼ֣ڼݸţʡЩΥȥ֡
⾭֮ϽĵͷȻҴҵľͳȥˡ
˵ʱڹ˵绰֮󣬶Ӷʵ˵ֵô󣬲ɣ
֮ôģΪҪƽССֵûʲôϵһִˡ
ĬĬĵ˵ͷҲ֪ˣѾһҪټ˵ĻϰҲѹƲסˣʱһᾭٵġ
ģзִ磬ŻŻǣġ
һЩӦӲϾ
úõ˾ûϰˣоԼʵǲ̫á
ðɣǾͳԵˣԺʲô֪ͨ㡣
뵽ϰ飬ϰûǮϰǶɲٰ;ˣȻĻûȥˡ
ٸܼϰ壬һȥĿǸҹŵ㣬קĶƵģ˼ҵǮ̬Ҫһ
㲻֪ɷĵ˵ͷ
ʵûа취ҡҡͷȻ˾Ǯ֮Ϳͻ˼ҡ
һţͿĸŮɳϵء
ոսŹϣŮһСڵһͳ˹
ҲݸæĶȥסҪһˣŮֱӾûҪˡ
ϰ֣ôôŻҵһˡ
ⲻ¶ϰҪ׬Ǯܼױء
ڵķͲ֪ʲôǺߣ˵ܼױ۾ЦĺƵġ
㱧Ůɳԣڸ׵Աߣ
ΰüͷȻʵĻ˳ɣ
ˣˣĹ֮ȻŲˣҺʵû취ֻǻˡ
һԷˣϾͱɫȻҧгݵ˵Ǵϰˣ棬һûƷλˣġ
ģǵǮһûùӳԣѾ˰취ĹһὫЩǮ˫ķϡ
ǾͺãüЦĵ˵ͷ
ΰʱ䲻ˣϽľʹ߷ȥ˯Ͼڶ컹Ҫѧ
һҲЩƣҲطϢȥˡ
ļ죬ÿһ֮ܵ󣬴㿪ʼĴܺЩϰǻ档
һȡһϰĽѵҪȸ
⼸쵹˼׮鶼󣬲Щϰɹ
㿴ЩϰǮʹķϣҲڼв˼򵥵С
ЩСʱȻûжôϾһֶǳ
ڵλĩʱȴǷǳˣһСָЩΪڵλĹ۳ͣҲжĽչ洳⼸С
ô죬ҲʮǮЩǮ׼ĸףڼеá
ˣһԼصڣ鶼Ĳˣûȥһ
ǾҪ뿪ͷһϣִ˵绰
ô˯ûУ
ϾҪ˯ˣ˵¡
ģǸϰ壬ղϵˣϣȥĿɽһ¡
ҿǲǣʱǮû׬Ҳڿɽˡ
żľܾһϰĶԳ˵͵ġ
ЩˣôĶ¶ܵҲ̫˰ɡ
ιιιô˵Ͼϰӣһ˼ҰļǮɲֱͣӾͿļǮ
һĿѾľܾĻͣ
ȻѾЩˣһס˱˵ʵеֽȴ࣬һԼļʮ򣬿򶼲
Ǯ٣ִˮƽôߣסһԺûмǮ㶼
ǲڴһĻǼʮϰǮһ
ĸĸȷʵǴˣҲõ׼ЩǮԱʱ֮ʱˡ
۾һ£εĴӦˡ
ðɣҽˣµһ죬ڳһ֤ǸǵգʡǸϰˣ
ΪѾǿˣǸϰûʵҪûһѹ˭֪귨֮ϰˣʲô
ãģھ͸Ǳߴ绰磬ҪڳҾ͸ˡ
ţɡ
͹˵绰ɳ˼
һԼǸֽ˰ѶԷסˣûа취е鷳֮ǻԼͨϵҵ
¶һ˿м΢ЦϰǮƣҵһطһƤɡ
˵ڵĳŵ֮̾ͿʼԸһߴ˵绰Ҫһ쵽
Ҳʹڽ˵绰֮󣬵ʹӦʱһֳ֤
֮ԴӦôʹ죬ҲΪϰʵ̫źˡ
ɽϰӦɵĹɷתõ˽˵¡
Ϊô
Ͼɽÿͣһ죬һǮ
ĵϰ壬ΪʲôôĽɹɷתأҲƵû취ˡ
˵ĵڶ죬µĸɮ
ɮƨö˿֮צǸĹˣ̾ŵƨ
ɮһʱ̣ɮⷨ˱Ǹ󹤣֮ʱֹ󹤵׷¿ļܹȫ
ԵģһĹ
ǸֽһĹĵУ̾Ǳ絽һﲻͣĲ
Ҳǳǲܹѵġ
ͨ飬ϰҲˣҪЩϡŹֵ飬㡣


381 թ
ϰһοǰˣĻ㶼
ϰ嶥סǱ߲ͣĿֻ辶
Ȼʩص÷ʦôؼҵĹϵһǳĺãϰͰͷϡ
εĵ绰ͨһ֪Է޳İĹɷתõԼ֮̾ʹӦΪǣߴš
绰顣
֮£ڰ˫ⶼǿĽˡ
һϰǳĿֱӾʹһǮǸĶ
յһʶ֮󣬽Ҳûʲô˵ʮʹĴӦڶ̡
ڶϣľͿӵϰĿɽ
ȵ³֮ȴѾϰˡ
ʮģһ˳Сܵǰץ־Ϳʼͣҡ
óʱ䲻ˣ㻹ǰľ񡣡
µĵ˵ͷȻ˵ϰ⼸컹ðɣ
˵ص飬ɫЩÿ
ԱʮܿˣȻСĵĶ˵ү岻ãǰΰ
Ŷôû˵
ү˲Ҫ㡣
۾һ£Ȼҹ˵ڵҽүӦûʲô¶ɣ
ص÷ΰ£оǳΣϾǰ컹ôûĹ͵˷ΰˣ
ڵû飬үӾǲѾү͵ȥõҽơ
˵ͷҲϾҪڰ֢Ʒ滹ΪȽȻڷչĺܲǱϾչʱ̣ķЩġ
ҲعȵĵǣҽôүӵĲһᱻסġ
̾һ˵ʲôˣʵǵصĲһ¶ա
ԭǰʱͻȻһŮӴһСˡ
үһŮӣ̾;ʮֵĿܡ
Աߵʲôûһ龰Ͼ֪ŮӦүʱͷ
ڿŮǸСӣԼ˵ĳǳǾûʲô˵ˣСһүӵ˽ӡ
Ȼү֪С֮󣬾ȻĻ˹ȥ
Ȼһְ˽ŵĽү͵ҽԺȥ
Ϊүֻѹ֮ûˣҽԺ֮΢һͷ岻Ծˣһļ֮󣬷үڷβһӰ
ûʲô˵ˣΰôˡ
һЩצүͳ⣬ھֶһƲģǸﶼʹ졣
Ϊϰ绰ʱſϰ棬ͬ
˵Ҳ̾һ
˵ħֵĻ㻹֣Ƕڵòûʲô취
һͨĵʿĻҲܹͨҩѹүӵĲϧһ棬һϲͨ
үѾֲԼҪˣΪʱǴӦүҪһ£档
˿ԼҪһķԱ㴢үӵꡣ
Զ̸һᣬ»صϰһߡ
ϰǰʹһɫ
ϰ̴ӻȡһпݵС
һЩ֪أԭ£˲С˹Ҫһʶ
ӹпͷһۣпıӦпˡ
־ͽпݵԱУʹһɫ
ӹп̾˵һֻʼѯһ»ˣĵ˵ͷ
㿴ʾ⣬¶ЦݣȻԱ˺ܳʱϰ˵ûʲôûʲôһС£ҲҪϣԺǻѡ
˵ʱͻȻʵһ֮ǲֿʼͨˣ
ϰεĿһۣȻͷ˵ⲻļһԾԿʼھ򣬽û뵽顣
װ̾һȻ˵ͨѾҷӡˣһοʼھһƻ˷ӡߵǶܳˡ
ԱüȻûĿ˿ϰ壬ţõķӡ㶼ڣӴҲôɡ
ϰҲЩˣϣˣҪɽҲˣôͶȥǮɾͶˮƯˣȻƲҲĹ׷ѡ
ô죿
εҡҡͷȻ˵Ҫ벹Ҳǲԣۿɾʹˡ
ûϰ忪ڣԱߵͼææ˵ʲô취ᡣ
ڷӡƻˣҪ·ӡסߵǸֻϺõĺһۣ¶ס©
ʱһǰϰ壬˼˵ⶫܸܲ㵽
ϰҪĺоʹһ
Ҫִ֪ᣬԽԽˣеһѾۡ
ļֵһһʵҪһЩ
ںѾݽˣǲŰעתƵϡ
Աߵʱȴˡ
Ҫ˵ҵһأ֪ϲã
ϰ֮۾¶˾ϲǽϲѾˣϵĶǰա
Ϊ֪ɲǰóģԼ˸ܴĴֲۣûʧȥĿȨ
ȴЩЦ˵Сʡ
֮ϽԱߵǸʾһ£˵ͷȻʹҴҵ뿪ˡ
Ȼ˵ڶûǰڰ칫Ϣһ
˵֮Աߵϰʾһ£ϰĬĬĵ˵ͷȻĴ뿪ˡ
뿪ϰ壬¶һ˿Цݡ
ϰɽǴ󣬶ƷλҲܸߣɽһ׬ڡ
ˣϰ尲һ޽Ӵڡ
ȵ˶뿪ˣĵ㣬һҪ𣿡
ȴɵһȻĬĬתͷȥˡ
Ҳ˼Ҫ׬һѽⶫҪǷгϣûмǧòġ
뵽ʱ۾Ҳ¶һ˿̰ϾôǮǮⱲӶûмġ
ôϵܣò֣
һ£Ȼҡҡͷ˵ⶫҿܻãɣʣµҾͲҪˣĳͷǰ͹ˡ
֮ĵͷȻûԼķˣ׬ҲСĿԼĻˡ


382 
ʱϰǳһٷӵʱǽûˡ
㽫Уϸİһ£Ȼĵ˵ͷһԵ˵ⶫãԴ½ǹַӡס
˵һξǷӡסҲǷǳǿģϣڿʱҪϸСˣٴδͨǸ󶴣ĻʱҲճˡ
úúãģȵ·ӡǹ֮ҾͰȫķס
ðɣھͿʼˡ
˵֮վȥ
ϰϽĸ󣬴һݴ
ʱϰ۾Щ˸ˣ֪µǸ
һϰΪۼΪʵԸǸµĺµ˿󾮵£ǾһҪǺдŵı¾ڿ󾮵ˡ
ϰ۾һת⣬һԵλ⾭˵С⣬컹ȥһҪչ˺á
Աߵ⾭һ⻰ȶӶʼתˣô⵹ùԼͷϡ
ϰᶨϰ⾭֪ԼҪǲӦûùӳԣֻǴǿЦߵԡ
ЦЦȻ˵£ûʲô£ƶڣѵΣգ
ҲԱ߸Ļ
ǣͨһССĹôκεĵĸȥһûµġ
⾭޳ˣЩֻ˵ҪбǸʿȥ
˵ʲôҲûˣΪ˷룬ֻӲͷƤٴһ̶Ѩˡ
⾭ͨݣһ˾¡
Ȼл谵ĿƣȻʮ׵ľ롣
Ǹ⾭ڶ󣬽ץĵۣ溦뿪
˦˼Ӷûаѣûа취ֻǾôǰߡ
һ·ӽͨʱ⾭ҲקĵۣҲǰˡ
ǹסǰߣǲЩ׼
ʲô׼ģ
⾭ڨڨ˵õǸҼţʡһ˲ҡ
ЦЦҲ⾭Ͼһ已̥вµġ
ӻȡһʦɷݵﾭУȻԸֻҪŷ䲻ǹֱȻҿ㡣
⾭֮󣬸ϽСĽŷԼڶһ
⾭µǴ󶴣Ǹոһת䣬һӰһ˹
Ӱʵ֮УΪոһ¿󾮣Ѿס˱ֽ˸Ǹ󹤡
Ӱʱһ̧žͰ߳һɶԶľ롣
ǲ֪ʹһˤȥ֮ϾȻֱֻۣŤӣһ
ҲװģĴһ˼Ե⾭Сˣ﷨Сһҿɲһܹ˵㡣
⾭ĻľǱȥ
ȴװǳĺǸӰȵ⾭ȫӰͣ
һͣ£ǸӰҲˡ
ǰȥӰ·ȡһֽˡ
ֽ˸ոһ뿪Ӱ壬Ҳվס̱˵ϡ
ĿӰһۣϾüˮûܻѾ챣ˡ
Ǵͨһ˼¡
ԭͨѾڵĲˣǰʮ׾ܹͨǴռ䡣
ҪǴռ䱻ͨˣֶΣ߲õľͻʱһ
ǸʱȻ˵ɴѣǽȥ˿Ҳûһܻš
̾˿һıǱⱦһεʶʼڿ֮ҿ
ܿ󶴾һα̮
֮ڿһŹ˰СʱŴƵȥ
ȵݴͿǸ⾭۾ϴͨһֻѾݵĿش
ӣֻҪͨʲôԾ̾Ͳˣֱˡ
ôȽ⣬ԶԶ⾭Ѿ㣬ûаɹ֡
ȵߵǰʱ⾭Сĵʵôˣ
ˣǸָĹȻͨǰûһɼ˽͵ҽԺȥɡ
⾭Ļһ
˱һ˵ϡ
ڿ󶴿ڣϰһֱǵţϾһȥɹϵδ棬Ǿ͹ˡ
ȵ֮ϰ̴ȥģѯʵµ
㱻ֵͷˡ
˺ˣҳˣҺ˵µĹѾ·ӡˣǽͿԿˡ
ϰ֮󣬶ǴϲȻڵĽ뵽ϢУʱϢ
ϰͿʼƺʾ⣬⾭һ¾˽ǸĹ͵ҽԺȥ
ȻֵԱʼ¾̽ûʲô飬ϾͿԿˡ
ȵźһ֮ϰ»صϢҡ
ûнأͱߡ
ϰѾˣӦǵβӦý˰ɡ
һϰɲٳ۶ˣһ۵ĴӻٴȡһпݵС
۵Ķ˵ˡ
ȴЦеĽӹпȻ͵ϰõ绰ʵһ£Žп·ŵԼĿڴ
Ȼ˾½Ϣңǽȥʱ򣬿̸
ϰǿĶһ˿΢ЦȻԱߣĵ˵Ѿˣٻ²ȫڿϢһҹٻȥ
һԵϰĻҲϽȰ㡣
⻰˵ĶԣһƬǿصĴ̫ˣرϺܲȫ߰ɡ
ԼҲûʲô£ûҪҹϻȥ˵ҲԣһҪǻȥײˣ˭˵ȥ
Լ£Ա߻һأ已̥סײ
ðɣȻϰϰĿҾ͹ˡ
ӦˣϽԵϰ׼ͽȥסĵط
鶼ˣҲڳԷʱ˵ǳĺãʼ̸Ц
֮԰ͻ˷䡣
֮һҹ޻ڶ糿ȥ
ȴܾˣΪ׼ȥһأϾ˴򽻵Ѿһˣص˾֢Ҫǲȥһ鶼ȥ
οܿؾҪβˣҲ׼ܿȥҪһٲһĻٴʱ֮ʱ
ҪȥүӣҲǷǳĸм


383 
ĺڻǸϡ
ڳϵʱε죬󶼲˼ֱϣ㿴ȥˣʵ㵽ʲôʹ˵ɣҿ㶼ܡ
εЦһ£ҧҧʵҸǲǺʲôң
ڿЩļ̳λˣԴǸ˽ӽ˼֮ǼҾûһǰġ
Ǹ˽ӷǳĹŰκ鶼Ҫһ
غҲˣ˽ӵͲ룬ֻҪźܹģˡ
㿴һ˵Һ㸸׵ܣҲܸ߱ˣϣ⡣
֮Щʧ۾һתһַỵ̂һִӻȡ֧Ʊݸ㡣
üһ֧Ʊϵ֣һ
ʲô˼ѵ𣿡
ЦЦµ˵˵ʲôֻһЩϢ
һ룬ʵǾܾһջ˵ֻҪǲҵгͻҿԸһЩ
ֻǴӦյʱ꣬ûдӦܡ
֮ŵЦЦţȻǮʹĥǵõĸôڽǮǰǵõͷ
ģҲΪѵģֻһҸ׽Ų̳ǲйϵ
ԭ飬ԷʣİõĽ֧ƱŵԼĿڴ
ҿȷĸ㣬Ըҵ飬Ų̳ûκεĹϵ԰ķŵˡ
֮¶һ˿ϲɫ֪λԼеķҪԼ׶˵仰±ԼӻҪá
ھ˰
һСʱ֮󣬳ͣ˽һıǰ
ոһͣȣ̾˴˳ţȻ³
ţſڵ˰񣬸æӭ
ˡ
˵֮󣬹һ
㿴ǰ΢΢ĵ˵ͷϴε飬񳤴һЩѾǸǰ˺ëͷСˡ
ټȴЩΣȻЦվһԣһͷ
Ͱˣ˵Ĵӵ½˱
ոսžͿڿţһһŮˡ
ŮѾ40ˣȻʮֵƯòׯЩһˣԣȴ˸оһƽζ
Ǹӣ˽ϾվһԵЩ⺢ӴСţʮȱȫУȴ͸¶һ˿ǿ
ŮӼվҲæվĶӼ򣬶Цһ¡
ȻŮӾתߵǰ΢΢һЦ˵λҼᵽɡ
㵹ûʲô飬ԱߵܵĳƺԼĸףЩʹˡ
ŮӱԼСһأȴԼĳŶԼĲƲ˭оеʹġ
һףȻ˵λŮʩ㣬֪Ůʩմ
Ҿͨ˼ңʲôմͽˡ
˵һԵȴˡ
Ůʿҵĸףܹһ𣿡
⻰˵ķǳĲˣһиûаһˡ
Ѿ˾ռˣϴЦݵ˵ͷ˵һԡ
ʹ¥ȥ
·Ǹ˵ʱͣһ£˵ͷ
ҲϽĸȻվ¥ȥˡ
¥ȻĶ˵ղǸ˾ͬĸĵܵܣ
㲢û˵ʲôʵ£˵ʲôΣϾ˼ҵļ£һʿûбҪͽȥ
ڶ¥ͷһ䷿ǼĴʩء
ڵѾûǰʱǸˣڴϣԱ߻ƿԻʿź
ؼˣǿ¶һ˿΢ЦȻ˵ͷȻ˵ˣɡ
˵֮ԼԱָָǻʿ̾˼Ͼһλŵ˴ߡ
㿴˿Աߵæ˵ؿүɣع˼ǡ
Ǯǰһλ֮ϣȻȥץסصţ۾ʼڵķص֮ڡ
㷨ϵ壬ǱѾЩƾͿݵģ徹Ȼ漣ؿľ괺ˡ
صɫҲۿɼ±ú
رѾľ۾һ
ȵɿ֣۾̾Ȳʵǲа취ң
Цһ£Ȼ˵޳˽𵤣Ͼɣûİ취
ҪĸĻˣشҲõɵɶһõֻǴﵽɾ硣
ʩѾƶûа취ܹ
һ仰̾Ѿһ˿˿ϣĻϨˡ
۾İȥȻһα
ѽ޳ǰʱһӲʣ㣬ûмĹͳ
㿴أֻǿڰο˵һЩڿƼǳڹβõĲڹʱѾ˽İ취Ҫʧȥġ
ҲԱȰأſЩأҽơ
ҡҡͷȻͻȻĶԷе˵Һл˵ȶȥһ¡
ϵĻһ£ȻĪؿһۣͷŻʿϵķ䡣
ȵУֻʣغ˵ʱͻȻץס֣ȻеʵУǰӦҵ飬׼ˣ
صĻԭԼ곤档
ЦЦȻ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ˵ȻӦʩȻʧԡ
ĻһϵĻҰ֮ɫҲһЩڴϿЦ˵Цˣ˵һȴԽԽˡ
ʩԳҲ֮飬Ҫ֪ǧżΨһҪˣôҲֻˡ
ص˵ͷȻһ£ʵ֪󣬻ôŵģһ仰иס
һ£ظԼҲٷ㣬ҲԼһҪѭӦ۾һתһ˽ķ
ƽĵ취
취һһ
һ취ǾʩҽһС裬Ȼʩչһʱʩһ֮УֻҪʩļˣ㣬ݣܹ֤ʩܹ취һ׶ˡ
ʲô
غ۾ʵ


384 
ʩȻɾ͹ܹʱֻأⷽѾﳤʱ棬ʩΪȴջܵѹƣÿҪ֮ࡣ
˵ʱҲЩ̾ⷽĹʵ̫ɭˣһͨСҪҲôס
һѾϡСҪȥ·ǵʲô֮أܹǿ֧ġ
һǣʱʱСļ֮£Сͺÿŵһʱ˻ûʲôʱ䳤ѱᾫ̬һûʶģֻ֪ɱ˵Ķ
˵ҲЩ£Ȼ˵ʱֻܹأȴҪܿ࣬ɲϣġ
ǵһʲô취
۾һȻ˵һ취ʦŵطǿнʩΪoʱʩͿԸԴֿѹơ
仰۾Ѿһˡ
Ϊoİ취𣿡
ɿû£ȷʵ֮ʩҪɾ͵ǿһԡ
þ취
Ѿ˷ܵĲ֪˵ʲôˣĻԼ˵øһ졣
ȴûϸһ룬ô˵顣
ɾ͵ô򵥵ģһỨѺܴĴۡ
ǰʿôôģôԴɾo
ʵҪͨĵǿԵģеܷoҲֻǵµĿܰˡ
˱ϿΪoʵصԴΪԼֵµһС
ҿͣһСҲ룬ʵһҲʮֵı
ǳΪȻܵĥǻԺҲбĻܹѡ
Ҫ˵ְ취Ҳ֪ĸĸӣֻǿ˵ѡˡ
֪ԼǿûٳΪ֮󱣳ԼԣԻѷѹҳΪһĵԼǡ
˵ͷȻ˵ʩҲǶĽ飬Ȼʩôˣһȫ
ǲ֪ҪЩʲô׼
Ҳһˣ֪ҪΪһoɲôףҪѵĴۿºȥˡ
ǰ׼ʡõʱԼҶԼװ״ᡣ
һ£ȻʩҪһׯ֮УһǷǳȻƻǰȥԸ
һˣԺԼĵطҲԼһˣԼҪá
ãͰȥڸһеС䣬Ϊ޽һ
˵ͷȻŷԸҪ׼ƹСʮֻ
һظӵĲˣȻ˵ƹСֵ֬ǺܸߵģǶT׸˵ҲǶѸ㵽
ãЩҲ׸㵽
ôͿʩˣβʱһҪסԼо岻ãҪǿˣϽĻعһҪǰ죬ңĻҲﲻˡ
һȻϽ˵Ҽ㻹ʲôԸģ
ЩˣʣµƶʱԼţʩصġ
ڵõĳŵ֮ɫҲһЩ΢Ц˵ģѾʱҵҲҲһݶ
ЩϲȻ˵ԼϾҪɾ͵ɣԺɾɣλҲ˶೤ʱˡ
ԼиĸŮЩƲҲܱ֤һӣԵĻԼѪһֱȥǾ͸ˡ
ʱصķűˣؿ˿㣬ûŶߺɡ
ŷű㱻ˣصͷһںҩ˽
ҵģóҩˡ
˵ߵصĴǰȻеҩڴͷϣ֮ط
ǸһͷȻ;һһιҩ
һιسҩһ㣺ѽ
ʩˣ¾ǳ۵һʿ
Ŷôû˵ѽ
ǺǣǾǸСۣʩû˵Ҳ
ǸʲôطѽʱҲȥһݡ
Ȼ˴ţǱϾԷصŮˣԼҲ̫ӣǾ˵˵۵ĵַȻֽ˵绰롣
֮ǡ
ʱҲҩ˴ϣҲûкˡ
뿪صңʱվӭȥ
үôˣ
仰ʱζ⡣
̾һղһصԷѾ۹ص塣
ķ֮£Ѿǲͷһɺڲͣľۼ
֮У͸һ˿Ѫȣ˿ôëȻ
һı֪ûϣˣתһʣҸ׻ж೤ʱ䣿
㿴һȻ˵ҿʩµ̫ƽ
֮ĬĬĵ˵ͷ˵ĺҽԺеҽıҲࡣ
֮ǾȥҽΣҲǱҽ̬
ҲûźˣתͷĶ˵Կͻȥ
ҽϽĵͷȻϽȥˡ
ȵ˳ţȴѾˡ
㿴С;ͷȻ˵СľһŰֽȴ̫ǻˣҲ֪ߵغ񣬺մһûк¶
ټˣϽǰ˼ץסҡҡȻ˵ĸ飬ȥһ¡
Щˣٵ֣Ȼһɫ˵ŮʩƶЩ£½첻㣬ԺµĻϵ
˵֮Ͳٵɫǰ˼
ټôҲûа취ǸϽĸԼɷʹ˼ɫ
գգ۾˵ͷһĵı飬Ȼ͸Ͻ׷ȥˡ
㿪ų㣬ʼʻȥ
ڳϵʱľ˵Ҳ֪ģҵĸǰһʱ˰㣬֣ȥһģҵĸԸʾһ¸л
ҿԷûҪˣϾһʤ߼ǳмȵĵ
ЩΣӲԣͲԼףҡҡͷֻʵʵ˵ˡ
ģҵĸʹˣҲ¹һˣڵǸĸƸȡ˳


385 
⻰֮üȻε˵ĸƺ͹Ů֮ͨĸڴʱѾˣһѾĸһھǴҲûа취Ƿֿˡ
Щǰûкٽʱ򣬶Թ˽⣬ԴӺٽ֪֮ŮҲôɵġ
置Ůһϰ˹ĸԼڣôÿһʱŹƺˣĻĸƾҪʳࡣ
˵һʱ䣬ǲŹƺ˶ˡ
Ůڵʮֵƽ㣬ĹƳȴڲͣسɳţò뿪ڵػص置
ȥ置ʲôˣ˭֪ȴһ²⣬ȥˡ
ΪŮڼڰĸƵĿƣҪƽĹ°
Ƕʱûо飬˵ǿǸĸƣ¶ŮҲǺ£ֲһûˡ
󷢴ȱҵĸһˣĹ²С
̾һȷʵ˵ϾĸŮҲòһЩΥԼĵ顣
һ£Ȼ˵ȷʵûаγǸĸƵҿԸһŷ䣬ȥ֮ŮֻҪǷʱѹסĸơ
֮ǴϲȻһݵĽԼĸ飬ܹʱѹסҲǲˡ
Ӻܿͣҵıǰʱڳϵһ¡
Ҵҵ˳˼ţȻɳϿӵһĸͷ˸кͽԼķ䡣
֮ӳȡԼƽǼ׹ߣȻüãеķӿ˱ʼ֮ϣˢˢͻһŷ䡣
ŷֽ
ûжãҲɱȥаȴʹϵаȫ˯ƽ
Ȼ˵ԣȴǳĴ
㻭÷֮촵ŴϱߵīˣȻСĽãȻĳԣĳ
һˣϽҡ³¶һмЦݡ
㽫еķݵǰȻŷȻʱѹסǸƳ棬Ҫס˷䲻з£Ļãд
СһͣĵͷȻ˫ֽӹŷ䣬СĵķԼȻĶʾм
˰֣ϽȥɣϾүүĿɲᣬҪ˹ػʱ
Ҳɣں֮󣬿ųһ̾ͲӰ
½˼ţǸոĸ׾õʵղô£˼ҲǴкǿء
̫󲻸ˣϽȥĵĽ͡
ҵ˵أⲻǺ˼ҵȾ𣿡
˵仰ϽĴӻȡһ֧ƱһЦţһߵݵǰ
ӹ֧Ʊ۾һɨһģ̾¶Цݡ
ղǴϰѽҲǵģôҲ˼ҽһ
ﻹ£Ժйһ
˵仰֮˳Ƶɳ֮ϡ
ŮҲ˹ӣ鵽Աߣסĸ첲ͷļϡ
ڷ׽ǳ⣬۾ǳ⣬һɨͷһĲ϶һûм
ҿ꣬ɲĵܸġ
Ÿĸ棬㲢ûпѯʡ
ȵ׼Ϣʱ˳Ƹŷҡ
ڸͻȻԼķ䣬ҲЩƣ޹۾ĸףЩ֪롣
ǰڷǰһֱݵľͶǴȸĽɫͻȻһȷʵЩ
ô£
һ仰÷ɫˣֲԼĲϣͬʱһﺰùԼЩˡ
ͬѧۻᣬ͵ͬѧǰú԰һ£ʱժˣ㿴˸š
㿴Ů˵ӵˣΪŮʲô˵Ļ£ǰȥһѾͰǸŮק
һ·㿴ˣˣҪٲȫϳһٴ㲻ˡ
ⷼҲǸСΪƽϢԼ׵ŭ𣬼˼۾Ǵ۾Ｗ˼ˮ
˵ְ͵͵͸ҵġ
Щƣ겻ȥŷôܹŮѵǿʻģ
Ҳ˵۾ǿŮѷûϽͷ˵ǰѧʱѧУˣҺܶǮҳ˼δͣȻЩ
оǰǸʦΪʲôҪԼ°ˣԭˡ
˵Ǹʦԩ޳ûм棬ΪʲôҪԼʩǮ֡
ⱳԭڹĵġ
ǰ֮ӵˡ
˵гһ鶼Ҳˣôҳֶ񶾵ķҪȫҵˡ
οЩлŮ⵽Ǵʲô⣿
һ£Ȼʵĸ׳˸ʲôóҿһ
̧ͷĿ㣬˸׵۾ԼεԼĹԣԿ״򿪣ȡһֽӣŵǰ
ҲһһóģֱǰͰеĶڴϣȻһһĿʼ顣
ԽԽﲻʹ죬ԭЩܶ඼ǹص鱦ΣİϴˣԼǰ԰ѽ
Щǹأȴûһܹаģ뵽ʱԽӵķߺޡ
ʱŮ̧ͷһۣȻ˵軹һҵ͸һͬѧˡ
͵̧ͷȻʵʲô
ҲʲôصģһŸֵСľƣһԹڲϣҿⶫûʲôصģǰһʱ͸һյͬѧ
۾һеİء
ƾڵۣԼǰЩ͸ŮĹضûһľƸŮ
ľƾаɷĶΪˣ͸ͬѧȴû뵽Ϊ˼鷳ҪССڼѹСΪķҪȵùˡ
뵽ǳһȻ˵ԼǶŮиģղԼ²ѪкһЩ
ʹҲܷŹ꣬Ȼǲϰ֣ôԼ͸Щơ


386 ̳
վɫˣǳһ
ȻСʵ͵ЩҸòҪ
˵֮󣬻Ŵ۾Ͱ͵Ŀ㡣
Ů˵ʲôֻ̾һȻĵͷ˵Ȼ͵ĶôͿգҪסԺ󲻹ʲôҪͺ˵һ
׵ĻһȻ¶һЦȻ֣صĵ˵ͷ

ڶϣһ˸ոճ緹׼صһˣһշǸӤôˡ
ûеĸΰͽӵһȫ˷յĵ绰
ԭŷ޵ƸһʦѾԺҪĸȨ⡣
ղǸ绰˼ҷԺģҪ󷼷ļ໤̵Ժǩ֪ͬ顣
֪ԭί֮òѪԼû鷳û뵽ȴǲĵĴ
ΰɳϣüͷ壬˰β˵ô죿Ƿĸףø⡣
ʲô˵ģˮڣ˴ʦôTУһЩϵģҾͲҵϳô
˵ʱҲɣϽ绰һߵ˹ȥ
һ֮ѽյԺƱ˵һ飬Ҫæ߹ϵ
ȻڼҳһƬǶȴҵҾԼǰȥԺͨϵ
һ˾ԷԺһ߿ɲ׸𸴡
غtеĹϵԼϣԺһߵİ참ԱȻĵ͸һϢ
Ǿ˾ڷɳ˵Էռš
һǣΪǶԷ˷ĸȨġһȻԷŷǳĸԣΪȥŷޣܿܲϰһߵԺӦһ֧
һǣҵҲܲûеʳŵĵز
һǷѾһЩжֲ뿪йȥĸһߵĻԺ̶ܴȻ
һ߽ӵϢ֮ϾɳԼôʦԵȥԭίȻǩһίд飬ȫȨԷĸȨ˾
ڴЩ鷳֮һȴǳĲʹ죬⼸һֱǶԷԼ鷳ˣҪԼػһ£»ȥ
˵磬͸˸ĸͷһֱԼĵۡ
ٻصԼС֮ϣʦ㡣
Ȼȥ鿴ϵСӤ
ǸװСӤǵƿӣȻԼԼƿдһӤ޵Ц
һӦǴϲӤĻѾָĲˡ
Ҳĵ֮УʦһԣŨҪǿʮ
ӤܹٵĻָҳɾһЩԡ
Ҫ¾ٹʮ꣬ǹӤҲһܹȫĻָ
ϲ˴ƿȻȥ˴ƿϵķָ֮ƿΧĵ˵
Ӵƿ̾һɵ
֮лһӤ
ӤǱƿйصЩϰˣŤŤӣȻָ˲Լ۾֮ĴһϾͷ㡣
Ȼͷɿ˵ͷϣȻץͷʼͣӲԴʾ׽
ЦЦһ־ͷϰӤץУȻķԼǰϸĹۿ
СһѾȫӤģԵôɰûһ˿
Ӥ죬Цء
ŹӤӣֺͨӤûʲô
⼸ѾָĲˣӦÿԽһжˡ
ӺһҪƵĵһɺǸСӤһ
ʱǸСӤȻ˵ôǳ󣬵õʱӤѾɹа˹ӤѾûа취иıˡ
ǸӤʲôĳɾͣǾҪѴˡ
ûǸǸԴ˷ѣֱӾͰӤ͸ԼʦöѾҲá
㿴˿ڵʱ仹̫磬ӦϵʱԼʩչӤƳԼ۵һ
ڰʱԼķ֮УϢ
ȵɫŰʱȥɽµұһٱ㷹ȻһЩ͹Ʒ֮Ķ»صɽϡ
ʱɫѾȫİȻܼæ֮У˼ʮ
⵹Ϊĵûе磬ǹá
ڴ֮ϰ˹ƷȻֽӤ̳ԼǵǸƿҲ˷̳ϡ
Ȼ̤̽ʼڷ̳ǰ趯
˺һ㽫ͷ֮ϣԣԹһɳ磬ٺ̱ʮ콵õرӵ١ʮ޷ңʮʦ̳ţ׻˴ս٣ҽߵ룬Ը̳֤
ָ֮Ͻһ㡣
֮һķ룬ˮ飬ǶӺȺ棬ʮޣʮ񣬷粮ʦĲ׹磬٣¶ƣɳʯշˣӦԪջǧۣ˳֮ϣʮ죬콫ףĲչҽ룬Ը̳֤
žǵڶ㣬㣬룬Ƹʮ棬Ԫ̣˴Ͼ˴ɣ϶ɣжɣ¶ɣԪ棬ͨأ˼εأƲˮλľˮͨأݽľɽʯˮ𣬶ɣҽ룬Ը̳֤
ǵ㣬㣬룬춫أɽǰʦʦԡѫݷа˵Źţڷǧʦʦʦɽǰλʦҽ룬Ը̳֤
Щǹ춼֮޾ά֮Уͨһŵͨ
֮ͨУʼ
ڷ̳ϱʱЦĹӤʵʵĶڴƿ֮УκεĶ
龰֪ʥѾ٣õʩʱ̡
㽫ǹӤ̳ԼǰȻֽǹӤĴӴƿ֮ȡ˳̳ϡ
ʱϥ˷̳ǰԼʼͨʥЩʥһŹ⣬Խף˹Ӥϡ
ǸӤոչɵʱ򣬾͸оһ֮뵽Լ壬ʼڵɷ
һ¿ɲˣǹӤۼڱ֮̾͸оһɹ͹Լ壬ʹĲҽвѡ


387 ħͯ
ڷ̳ǰӤĲҽУκεĸԤ
Ϊ֪ǱȻһ̣ҪӹﻯɵҵĻǿɲô׵ġ
ȾҪųϵΪܹ𣬰ճУͨ
˺һǹӤĲҽֹ֮ͣˣһҲһ
ڵĹӤѾƮһӰһ紵ܰɢƵġ
ӰȴǰһǰʱǹӤôɰ϶Ҫ޵ɢһ˿˿
ڵӤѾϿһ˿ȫɢ֮ȻϢǳ΢Ȼһְĵĸо
΢΢һЦֱӤѾȹѵһ̣Ѿϵȫųֻʣ˸ղʥͬʱҲ־ûɢ
ҪһˣǾ⡣
Ϊ̵һʦԼµľһͥеĹְ
Ҫûһ£ټͥеĳϸǲܵģǲҲֻһˡ
ʱܹԸʱ䳤˲ʧԡ
ֻԼʳָȻͷϻһֵķţȻͷʼԡ
պճ뷴˷ɨ飬֮ˮ۷⣬׽ʿƲɷգ֣Ϊ飬
֮оһֵĲ٣ȻӤϡ
ǹӤ¿ʼʵȻķų˽⣬һޡ
֮⣬ӤۻܷųĹâҲӿһɷ֮
ɷ֮ǰۼۣܹ֮ͬͥѹа
ڣѾΪ۵Ļܹѹа
ǵһ㻹һ裬ǾǸȡһ֡
һ룬Ȼóһ֧ʣһֵķд˼֡ħͯӡ
ڸϽŷֽȼȻһЩֽңǸ޵ϡ
ôһǸ޺Ǵج˹Ȼ˿㣬¶΢Ц֮һԾӾʦĽ£֮û
ʱ򻹲ҵΪʥĿ⻹Ӧýͻԭˡ
վһ̤̽ԣ񣬽ؿ·У鱾УʥͥзΪ󣬼ٽ٣Ԫʦ
ʱʥĿ⿪ʼȫʧǵεͨҲɢ֮Ӱˡ
һķˡ
һģȻ󽫹Ӥ̳ʦĽ£ȻһС¯̳ǰȻ̳㡣
Ƶ⻤񡪡ħͯӷǳҪһʱԼݣһʱܹħˡ
ҲûָħͯӸԼİΨһ룬ܹͯԼڵʱػССĵۣ֮͵ˡ
ɫѾˣܹصԼķϢһˡ
ڶϣȻ֮һΣȻԼϰߣڵ۵Ĵ֮һΡ
Ͱǰռͽܿ˵ѪҺƬȫ˳׼ٴһơ
Ŀ֪ѶˣҪԼ鷳ˡ
֮ûҪܿ˵Ϊ̫ܿԶˣǷǿҲ֧ŲôԶľ룬ʩչаҲöԷʹһ£ҪҪ»ûôס
ȥ˿ɽһˣȻʹ֧һ£ɱ
һ¿ɰѴ֧סˡ
СҪǸڼʮǰǴɱɱҪȥ׳Ļ˸һС
ͷȻεʵǲ֪ǴɱûɱҪеĻ׼չѡ
Ǵ֧´һ㣬ȻʵҪЩʲô
˵ʱǳľ衣
ЦЦȻ˵ɱѪˣܹамҪҲҪ󹺼ѡ
ϴ֧֮һͺⶫȥˡ
ΪһˣɱܹҲܹˡ
ϴֱ֧ӾͷԸԼĶӣȥǼѲõɱ
һ֧ĶӾʹһʮ˽˻лһ·졣
Ǹ֧ǰеİһӣȻʵ˭Ҫҵĵ
æǰȥһףƶ
´һ㣬Ȼӣһ˵Ը㣬Ҷȥĵסϼ졣
⻰һ㶣Ȼ۾оͷųһ⣬Ȼۣȥ
ķ֮УðһѪҷǳŨҡ
һЩгǣͷһɺۣһǷڵѪ̾ͻᱻɢ۴ɢٴΣۡ
⻹Ҫģһʮ־⣬ǾͷϵĺֻҪһۣͻģ
˳ɱһѪɷ֮ͱˡ
ǣѾˣѪѾǰ֮УÿһδɢϵѪɷ֮;Ͱһ֣Ѿֲ˶೤ʱ䡣
һ£ǿϲ̸һ̸ʡԹ
˼ңҿ˲ɾĶǲĶҲͬ
һ㶣Ȼ¶ȻЦݡ
ʱһЩ£ҲһЩǰƽ⣬ûһõġ
Ҷ˵ɹӶϱЩˡ
ȴǸоԼҸεһĶŻļС
ʱовѾԼҵļţֻҪٹ̤ˡ
ΪǼ˯ԲǺвõ鷢
֧Ķɱһ֪һʿҪġ
ǵһЩ˵ͷ֪ʿЩµģűżɱҴҵ˴֧ļ
ǵʿǰҲͰԼо˵һ顣
֮Ҳһĸ̾Ҳ֪ɱ˶ٵϲѪ˸оҲȱࡣ
ǼҹȻĲɾĶǹӦϵѪҹֵҡ
ǵѪ˥ȥһѵʱ
ĻĹҾ͸дˡ
ǻ˵ˣĩҪһȥǷǳѵġ
ﵽǵʲôԵȻܹΪˡ


388 ܻ
Լ£ǾЩ㣬ǸһЦȻõͳ˵˵ĲҼ⼸вɾĶ
һȻȴûúһϸųͷæ
΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻ˵ȻǾ˼ҵãҹס졣
˵仰֮ǰһǸװɱİͷҲصתˡ
ıӰЩΣֻҪʿһ䣬ԼϴϣֱӰһСΣ
ʿҲֱӾŶˡ
Աߵ֧ҲΣʮˣʲôûҲϸˮ
֧һվԼȥ
ȻصУĶӸոմϱİʰ·ء
ӣһ˿谮
ĿɲףҲ֪ǲɱ̫࣬Ȼ˵ʮͽˣȴһֱûá
ֱԭȥȢһĹѸ
ѸӲȻʮʱһӡ
¶ӲãѸȥһֻǸӼա
û֮˵ֵֵ裬ĲŰ
ӼֱӣԼҲöһ˺
ĶӻТ˳ͷǰ˳˼ͥǺг
Ķʰ·֮󣬶һˮݣˮǰ
ȱˮɣôȵԺͱȥˣһô죿
˵ͷȻ˵⼸Ҿμȥ죬ҲǸˣ㿴ô
Ķһ㶣Ȼ´һԼĸף⼸ֵĲˡ
˵вɾĶӽȻ˵εԼǰȥǸʲôϷ
ԼĶӣ¶Ըɫ̾һŭɫ˵ôţܲ˵ࣿҲ룬Ϊ㶼ˣȥʲôģ
ĶӼϵˣæĵͷӦ
úúã˵ˣҹĻæĲ˾ȥ
ˣǹϾȥĻҺϱѵܻĵĲɣ
ϣŮģܸɵöũ
Ҳ̫С˰ɣµأ֪˭˭أ
ʱϱȷʵˣæɷӣ˼˵Լɷ˳Ź㣬ûбҪ˼
ĶЭˣڳԹ֮Ĵߴ£űȥĵڡ
ȵĶ۵ʱѾˣš
žҹԵô
Ҳ֪ǲǴͿǽſһޣգ۾ء
۾һʲôûУҲûаϣΪԼۻˣš
ʱոΣվ
򿪴ֻ֮վŵһʮСӡ
¹´һˣֺ죬ǽʲôȴ˵
λʩҹʲô¶𣿡
СӸϽĸһȻ˵Ƿ֮иĸġ
㿴һ£Ȼ˵λʩ۲ͣʩҪĸĻԵԶĺУҼǵġ
㲻ǺҸ˵Ҵĸ
һ㶣ȻǸ
ǸѾʮˣǰСֻжʮ꣬ôҲ󲻳һԸӡ
㻹ǳɵʵʩǴĶӣ
ıǳأĶӺѾˣԸľͲϡ
ҡ
Ȼˣôʩɡ
˵֮ÿĶӽ˵ۣȻϽĹţ
ʩȻСۣôҲҪʦġ
˵֮͵ݹ֧㡣
СҲƴǣӹ֮Աߵϵȼ֮󣬹Ľ¯֮ϣ˼֮ϸʦͷ
㿴СĶ⡣
ţʹСԼԱߵһͷ֮С
䷿ǰոմɨģʱż˹ɨۣʵ̫ˣ˳İѵķݶʰһ顣
СҲǸϺʱˣҪǰĻ˯ĵطûС
ȵСӰٺ֮ʵ֪ʩմ
Ŷܽ
˵ͷȻʵүӽȥ˵ʲôˣ
һǰСӣԼ˽٣
Сһ㶣ȻϾ˼
˼˵ĸգҼүӲܣ졣
һЩˣүӵʱүӿƢ̫ãôԼĶĸ׵գ
˼ҼԼҵ飬ԼûбҪͽȥǵ˵ͷͲˣԼʰȴԼķȥˡ
㱾׼ڽžͶԶŷ޵ĽܿʩģԼĵ֮ˣԼЩ鲻˷ֻ֣ƺ˵
˵ұλүӵļС
үӵĶȥԾ÷һЩľ˯ˣϾѾüûϢˣȷʵЩƣ롣
˯һӵʱͻȻԺűˡ
үӡȻ˵Ѿ˯ˣǾȴûȫһߴ죬̾۾Ȼͷһһѣϱ߻кںӡǵļ⵶
⵶ϱߵණǿɲͨգүԭɱѪ
үż⵶ƿҴԱߵĴһ̾;úëը
ԭԺվһʮϸˣϸɫҰףðź⣬俴ȥ
үȻ˵ﺦ£ǱϾǼϾƽԼȻż⵶ԺӰӣѾ˼ʮˣѵȲ𣿡
ԺеĸˣүӵĻͻȻѿЦЦ
һ£ɰүӸղŵǷȫûˣԭ⸾УеѾڣڿǻ֮Уʱ䶯
˱ŵ˼»ֱ֣ҪȻֱӻ赹ҪȻͻȻǰδеĵ
үӾһȻŵɫҰףͷֱð亹ȴ֪һֱӾʹӴ˳ż⵶ֱǸӰ
үҲܲˣŵӾͶӰͱ
үӾǰˣһĲҽС
һүľ֪ԣΪŲҽԼϱġ
ʱүٶһڵŵģǽޥĸˣĶϱ


389 Ե
龰үŵеĵӵϡ
Ҳ˲ʲôŮģֱȥͰĶϱڻС
㻹ðɣϾ͸оȻ
˵ʱүӸϽϱƽȻܵȥֻ׼120
ǵֻȴֵ绰ôҲȥôһɸš
үָ120ˣϽٳȥҪŶϱȥ
ǣոձϱȴĶϱһαǸޥŮˡ
ŮɭĿүӣȻ󻺻˵ҵˡ
үŵһ£ֱӾͰѶϱڵˡ
Ķϱ˼ѾһϢôһڣϾͻ⡣
үҲȥϱˣż⵶˼۾Ժ
һǵڵѾȥĶϱȻһվýӲһһүȥ
үѾŵûʲôƢˣֻ֪ͣˣֱıǽ֪Ѿû·ˡ
үŵͣǰ߻ţȻźɱһξɱΡ
ǸŮûкүӵļ⵶ȻһһŲǰƶţۿž͵үӵǰ
ʱүӷǺˣͲõҿˣॡһѵ˵ϣȻֱӵľͶڵϣֱͷʼʹ
ǸŮүӵǰϻ¶ֵЦݣ˲԰׵֣үͷԵôᣬ񲢲κ˺һ
үӸоԷĶΪŮǰҪŹԼһ
ǾʱͻȻоͷһȻһʹ
үӱ̧ܵͷһͷѾקȥһơ
үӶ߾ʹһ̶ļЦ
ҵˣֿһˡ
үѾŵûзˣôǽǸŮ
лŮŸ壬˲԰׵ֱ֣үӵʺ
ʱүѾ֪ˣôŮסʺȻ˵оһ־Ϣ۾ȴ¶һ˿ѡ
ۿȢүӾͱɫͨ죬ͫ׷ŴϾҪϢˡ
ʱͻȻ߷ɽһʣǸŮͷϡ
ҲأʵľģҪϣܸ˿ưҪ˵
ôصĶŮϣȴֻԴһ¡
ŮӲתͷȥһֻվһ׵ˣ˲ˣұĴ֧顣
֧飬޴ȴһһ߽ӣǲеƵġ
Ů˴֧飬һѿȻүӣתʼ֧ӽ
֧鿴ӽŮŭغȵôˣΪʲôôִţǸϿͶ̥ȥɡ
Ůȴȫش֧Ļֻ֪Ųһһ֧ȥ
֧Ҳûк£ֻǵ۾ᶨĿԼԽԽŮ
ۿŮ͵˴֧ǰѾѵϣŮǳĺá
Ǿʱ򣬴֧ͻȻĴӻȡһȻֱӾŮ
ǶһӽŮ̾ܵһٵŮĶͷȥ
ŮȻӲٶȻˣǶֱӾŮͷ
ŮһĲҽУȻͱһ塣
ʱ֧һ
ŷεĵ۹͸ģǸʱڸ˶֧ǾϵһΪŷ䡣
ֻ֧ǰ⵱һѸ룬ڽϵʱ侹Ȼʼͣķ⡣
֧֪ѸŶãҪʲô飬ʾ
Ҳ˲ˣææĴ·ŷ䣬ڴѲӿˡ
ոյүӼҸȴһ˼Ҿ磬ҪղֱӰſڵһӹȥүѾûˡ
ȻʱΣգûзɾ裬۾ܿţŮһ͵Ϯ
˺һ֧鷢ûʲôˣүӵǰץסĸ첲ҡҡ
ôˣ
үʱŴجѹŴ֧ǿһȻһ۵һ˳
֧үӻжһȻ󣬽˵ﲻܴˣϿ쵽ȥǾͰȫˡ
˵⻰ʱ򣬴֧Ѿקүӣǻû߼ȴſǸŮһγˡ
ŮޱĿˣ۾¶Ѫᡣ
֧֪һ߲ˣֻʱ䣬ӵǸŮӦþͲöˡ
үԼıȻŮ˵ޥһһѾɱһˣӦˣϽ߰ɡ
ǺǺǣҺòҵҪȥңҺܹ¶
֧죬֪ôش
ֻһȰ˵ޥѾǼʮ޵ˣȻ֮ңҲʲôʮ飬αشɣҴӦ㣬Щͷ֮ҰһҲи㿴ô
Ǻǣ˭з֣ôģҵʬ
Ů֮˵ЩϻΪղű֧ѵһ£֪֧ЩһƼˣԼҲֲ˺á
֧һ⻰֪Σתͷ˿үӣֻҿһһ
ͷô£˵ʵĻҲˡ
ͷ̧ͷ˴֧һۣȻ˵һֱûиӣҲһҾ˺󣬵ǻԸңҰƭɽϣƵɽµȥˡ
ֱ֧£û뵽ƽڴʵͽԵܺõͷȻܸɳɱԽ顣
ͷĻ䣬Ůʲô̼ʼļ
ȻŮҲܲˣֱӾ˴֧ȥ
֧𿴸ղͦӲʵģǵҲ£ΪǱѾˣûʲôܹԸŮġ
˵ǶŮһһǳע⣬ۿŮⴺ֮ҲͷˣֱӾͶ㿪ˡ
Ůûйܴ֧飬һӾ˵ͷϡ
ͷӽһ£ȻȴȻվתȥһһǽȥ
ʱĴ֧ҲˣȻűͷæǰҪס壬ʱͷֻһڸ첲ͰѴ֧׳ȥ˼Զ
Ǵ֧ҲСˣôһˤ۵Ҳվˣֻۿͷߵǽǣǰλεɱ


390 ɽ
ͷֱɱһһŲԼࡣ
ʱͷ־ҲЩȻ˵õһһŲ࣬ȴʼŤƴĺŮĿȨ
ҲͷʱɱһѪŮȫ塣
˵ȵü⵶ѾŵߵʱȴҲ޷ǰһ
һһ⽩ֵʱ򣬴֧ǻһ
֧֪Լһ˿¶ԸŮǳȥҼʮСӣƾôСӵѪӦܽŮס
ͷŮʱסˣ̾ͷɱҪš
ǾʱŮĿ˴֧ıӰһ¡
͹ŹˣǴ֧ȻܳȥǺܿʹӺֽͷļңһοŮͷʱҲһ£ȻϾ֪ã˹ǽˡ
ʱŮѾռϷ磬ǰɱѾʼһûͷ塣
ʱͷҲðѼ⵶һࡣ
ż⵶ĴͷһӾѹϵŮҲܵʲôų⣬Ƴͷ֮⡣
Ůôվͷ֮ľ룬Ѫ۾ͷһһ
ͷҲԸоԼϾҪˣѵ̧ͷ˵ŹҶӣ޹ġ
һž۲𣿡
˵仰֮ŮתȥԺƮƮȥˡ
·֧ʱͻȻ쳤ˣȻڴ֧ͷһ¡
Ȼ֧Դ̾ԺǾ͵ڵϺ˯ˡ
ͷԶȥŮϺ۾жǾ
ҪץסǸӰӣȴͽ͵ģҲûˣֱ۴ȥҲûжˡ
˵ǸŮƮƮ뿪ұȻڽ⿴ԶһСɽһ¶ЦݣȻ󣬷ٵСɽȥ
ұȻôİǸղǼ²ûзһ
˵ڵе㣬˯ðأͻȻ֮͸оڴ
Ͼ;۾Եıȥ
ܿͷӦӦòǵϮĻƾǰɽԣֻҪе˿̾ʾ
ȻֻոƵǸħͯӣſԴء
ûĿСһۣȻְѱӵͷϣ˵ˣ˯ҪǼįȥԱǸ˰ɡ
Ϊ޸ոյ־һ˴߾üįˡ
ǽ͸оıӱǹ޳ߣһûа취ˣֻ۾ǹޣ˼˵㵽Ҫô
⽵ħͯգŴ۾һֻСָָߡ
һüͷһ壬⽵ħͯȻ˵Ǹոյԣıȴǵ۵Ļ
һʲôΣգԼʾˡ
룬ִмˣǮľǽܿˣѵǽܿʲôԼȥ
һ뵽ҲסˣϽ·űﴧżԺ
ȵԺȴһƽûʲô顣
㿴˿ϵǸħͯӡ
⽵ħͯҲ֪ô£ֻƮԺǽϣȻ÷Žָɽµĵ·
ŸæҲһżɵԺǽ֮ϰɽ·Ϲۿ
һЩĪΪɽ·֮һɵĹӰٵ۽ӽ
˵һܵĻ㵹ǲ֡
Ӱһո۲ʱСڵ˵ܴһٸϡ
ʲô˸СĵӣҽӽԼĵۡ
Ҫ֪ͨĵۣûפʢôҲṩһ㣬Щаҿ
СȻ˵ûжٵ𣬵ȴʦСһ¾͵Ļҷ
ҲżˣǽֱӾʹţҪŮҲҽĵ̡
һҲסԱеˣҴҵĴ·ȻԺһ
ʶǸվԺ⿴ء
ϽСԣʵʲô費ҪҰæ
ȥֵһۣܻϾСѵʲô캦飬а
㿴ϰ£Ϊ̫ˣֱġ
㵽ʲô¸Ͽ˵ҡ
ǲʲô캦飿ĻôҵĹбѡ
ģҾһͨũʲô캦顣
ҲЩò⣬Ϊȷʵûԩ֮ƣӦһƽСӡ
ʱɵӰѾӽ˵۵ķΧʱȴǰˡ
ԭŮе۸һ̫ðĹȣΧء
ŮֻԺͿͻᱻ̫ĹɨУֵʹޱȡ
ŮЩˣΪһ˾УǶܷġ
ҪۣԼûнţͻᱻյûɢ
ۻᣬʱȴ˳
Ůϲ񣬱Լ֪ôۣ˳ˣǲͶ
ŮҲƣֱӾͻһӰȥˡ
ոտ㣬㱳ϽһǸ޵İװ۵СţŮϡ
һߵĿɲᣬֱӾͰŮ߳ȥ˼Զ
ȵվʱȴĽ°һޣץСȶء
ץס壬Ů͸оԼȫֱˣڵƽ޷
ʱߵŮǰ´һ£Ůڻŵʱ㡣
ȻʹˣɭɭĻ»һЩϡ
Сʲôôҵĵۣ
Ů֪ϸˣҲֻǰ˵ɳǱԩģڵ´źñˣе˻Եܹ𣬻ɳĹһΣԺҲˡ
⻰ͷ˿ԺѾŵûµȻŮ
ߵǸʲôԹѵʼ𣿡
ŮͻȻϱѾһ̯ˮһҲʼĲ
ҿŵµǸޣһΰҲ쵽СȶϣƽϢŮı
ƽϢŮһλָǣѪ۾˵ǰ
վǸҲ˳ĸǣİԩ


391 
ԭǰŮǸͷĵһӣȻ˵ڵʱĴҲһԸȴǳĸӲ
ҵʱҲ֪ʲôԭͷ˽ѾʮˣӾûлС
տʼʱͷΪԼɱ࣬үԼӣҲûţʹôȥ
ȴ˱ͷһȥ˼ɱʱʶ˵Ů
λﰡȻǳһ㣬Ըȴǳᣬӻӡ
ټǹѾڼңһȥľͺͷˡ
ͷҲ֪ǲǹˣͺѸ͵˽
鷢չһ֮Ҳûʲôˣһ֮ѸȴͷϢͷˡ
һ¿ͷЩͷˣҪ֪ӿǸģҪ֪»ַ죬ʱڴＸʮĺҲҷ
ҸҪѸȻĺӣʮһֱ顣
ͷûźԼӷֿǺͻţŹѸ˺ǾҲǸҲܸա
˵ɷԼˣһӱƢˣַ졣
ҿͷסڴ߶Ļ¾ͻǸܰӵ˶ѡ
ͷǿӦޥҲǸѸϵͬʱޥ֤ǸҲˡ
⣬ޥΪԼѹɷȥʱͻȻһ죬ͷ˵ɽϷһ֧˲Ρ
һ»۾ˣȻ˵Ǹǹˣһ֧˲Ҳ͵͵Ǯ
˵ʱ򣬻͵͵ĸͷɽ׼һֻ˲ڻȻչվȥ
ȵһ´ʱ򣬻ȴͻȻıͷƵɽ֮¡
ԭһ죬ͷֻǱϴӦӣֻʱϢˣʡԼĳ±¶ȥˡ
Ҫ֪ǸҪǳ飬»ᱻЬνֵġ
ޥɽ֮ûȥƾżǿ־һһɽȥԼɷˡ
ɽµʱѾˣ
ޥֻڵһʮ׵Ѫۣû˵
Ҳ֪ʲôԭ򣬻ոȥûж೤ʱ䣬ͻȻٴѹ
ȴ޷뿪ԼʬôĿԼʬ壬һһĸãҰɡһͷû¡
֮Уͳŭ֮Уӵķˡ
˽ļʮ꣬Ȼޥ޷뿪ȥһĶֵأÿȴҪϬĺУҪطȥ
˶꣬һԲ֮ҹоԼͻȻʼ
Ҳ֪ǲʲôԭȻжٶȴǳֻһһŲԼĿеĳ˼ҡ
ǸͷΪɱȽУڻһ˲䣬ко˲Ծ
˿ʼĵ˸취Լı͵õ֮С
ȻŮ𣬽ܵϾɱˡ
ʵ֮󣬿һǰԩıӦ
ŮȻѾ˳ʱûгʲôΪʲôҪΪʶȤĸϿȥһĻɢ
ûйҼôɱңҪȢǸСѸҿףɱĿ
㱾Сԩģ𣬻һ̨ףһ·һŮĻ֪Ѿǣ²һС
Ҳٿˣһ֣ٻſŮµĽħͯӡ
Ȼӻȡ˿Ůһӡ
ŮȻִҲһĽɫǺϺʹ
ĿֻһӱһȦų֮ɨŮ壬ŮУͱ뵽˿֮С
㽫ŵ˻УȻת˵ܳˣϿȥɡ
֮󣬼æȥ˼ͣ˽ŲתǺµĿ㡣
Ҫȥһˣ
ҡҡͷļһҪԼȥ˿»һ鷳
ʱ򱣲Ҫеȥ¼ڹôһȥܶڲסˡ
ʩģǸѾҽˣֻܻȥضƽ¡
ӵȷʵǲɽųɵٴһһŲɽȥ
㿴ԶȥӰҡҡͷ̾һϵţǼҪһţǼ¾ͻҪˡ
ĸͷΪһӴڽӴȻѾɱ޵ĵزɼеĺڰ
ҲûʲôˣϽؽ˵۴ţ˴׼˯һ
ǻû˯˶೤ʱ䣬žͱõ졣
ûа취̾˿Ӵ·ſڴš
ֻվĲˣұλ֧顣
֧ǰ߰˸׳СһŸֵũߣһ·Ǳ֧ġ
λ֧鿴Ϳһǰץ֣Ҳſˡ
飬֧Ǵ̼ĲС
㿴ǷǳļæĿԡ
鱦𣬰οΣӻǣ׻Ӹƣȸ䣬棬ɽɢ档
ֵʳָ֧Ķͷһ¡
ôһ£֧;ȣһҴܣղŵĿ־ȫɨ˾⡣
˴ʱһȻмĿһ֮󣬶Եļ׳˻֣ţ˵ۡ
ȵ˵ߣ֧ǽз˵˵
±˵⽨ţֻǸڴ﷢ͷĶϱ
һڴѾˣرǸҲ޹ĲһЩŭ
ҪŮֻȥǸͷȥĻ㻹ܹ⣬ôɱ޹ǿɾЩˡ
뵽ʱѾ˾ģһû˵ʱ򰡣͸ŮһѵӽԺعء
Ǵ֧ͿʼϵرǾͺ͸ղŷĴûʲôϵ
㿴Ӿ֪֧ҪԼʹҪ棬ÿڡ
Ͻĸ֧һ̨¡
֧飬ҿʲôҪ˵ֻҪܰ쵽ģһѡ
ǸǸѽ㿴ʱܾϲ̹ʲôɾĶˣ㿴ûз䣬Ҽš
˵ʱ֧黹ĸ¶һЦ
΢΢һЦҵʱʲô¶
˵ʹӻȡ˼ʦɷݵ֧С


392 ԨԴ
˴֧ˣ»صԼ֮УȻóһӡ
ղűշǸŮƱһŻһڵϹ˼֮ȻֳԭΡ
ֻŮûһǺõģܶط񱻵һֳߵƤ⡣
ͷѪѪ÷ǳҡ
ӣȻĴ뵽ɱ޹ϾͰ֮ѹȥ
ʲôط۹
֪Էôĩʱ۳ɹȻܹĴƯˡ
ǸŮޱʮľګĻش𣬡ɽһɽ¡
شһ֮ŮͰѾ·˵һ顣
⣬ȻһŮջء
ڵڶ֮֮ͻһɾ·˵ֱұĺɽ
ɽڵĵ۵СɽǳĽֻ˰Сʱ͵Ů˵ĵط
֮Ͼ͸еһΪոһ⴦ɽ£͸оһϮ塣
Ҫ֪ǴģпſյҲҪأطȴоϣЩƤ
ۣۿطĵηˮ
һһֻǸɽһͣ߻ۡȻȻûһССĶ֮С
Ҫǹۿ˻ۣ˴һˮأǺֱ˸ĶʹԭȾۼˮˣڱ⸱ģ
ɽ²ۼˮĸʦ˷רﲼһЩĻۣ˲˵Ķ
ҲķʦҲͷСĻҲܰõô룬ĩ羹Ȼܹ㼯ô
뵽֮ҲҵΪߵĶҪǳ򣬶ԸĴǸˡ
˳ƯķʼǰǴ㼯СɽС
ȵ죬ɽıԵȻһıһӶð
㲻Ĺ˹Լϵ·ȻĽԼϼһ㱣߽ɽ
ɽ˼ʮףȴЩйΪɽʮֵңͲ˹ĺۼ
ĺĻǳеиһһǰ
Խ·ԽãۣڰѾˤ߰˸ͷˡ
˶׶ˣȻʯûʲô
֮Уȴ׶˵һɽϣ㼯Ϊ
ǰȥһ̾뿪ɽڣΪǵطʵ̫ˣѾź¶ȡ
Ȼǻûе͸ӵĽ׶Σ˻͸ɽ֮󵽵ײصʲô
۾ֶΣһıǷɽǷɽʶֱӾײɽ¡
ɽ¿̣Ƿɽոһ̾ƿһ󶴡
һϲɽֻǼǿյġ
㲢ûٻطɽԼԱʱ֮衣
Сԣһ̾һ
ԭһʿģˣʿǸո˯һ
ȴûзΪʿȻŴüĿϵָѾ˼糤ôį}ˡ
ԼȻˣطӦһΪľʬ塣
һ룬ⶫɲţӦҪɽʬ
ҲĩʱȻһǰۣ̫٣⽩ʬѸٵĳɳ
ĻŽʬ·֪⽩ʬѾʮˡ
ôʱĴ֮Ҫʱ⽩ʬͳܹһԽΪɽ
ֽʬаյģΪʱƾԼòһ߷ɽֽʬ˽ġ
˺һԣһתأתɷûתת׻𾪣תתɽת޵ͷһʮֲΪ֮²ö
ڵĽ𵤿ʼתžһɹɵķӿ֡
ȻЩɵ⣬̾С
һֱĬĬĵ˵ķֱоֵĵѾƲסǰһ
Ķ̾һˮͰϸӿֱŵĽʬ
ڽʬϣǽʬͿʼͬʱ⽩ʬҲ˵ĺ⣬ЩҪȴв棬ѹȥʧ١
˺һ⽩ʬǲٶˣΪ⽩ʬʱǽʬȴͻȻ۾ȻѵһŵأȻ
㱻⽩ʬһ˼֮һڸķɽһֱǽʬĶͷ
ʱǽʬͻȻһںһɽǷɽʧԣһӵ˵ϡ
һʲôȻҪ֪ķɽɽں϶ɣҪ˵Ҳһı
㿴ϵĵλ棬ɽȻ˿ˡ
Ҫѽʲôˣ˵Ǿ޴ʧΪûѽִҲ޷ôٵ
ؿЩˣֱӾʹӻȡľ⣬߸ߵ׼ʰˡ
ʱǽʬȻɳƵʼ˵ˡ
ǵ۵ĺ󱲣
һ㶣Ѿ߸ľ⣬ɣ˻С
ʲôˣ
ǽ͸Ѫ۾㣬Ŀޱ˵Сʿǵ۵Ĺȵ˵۵ĴУΪʲôǰң
ЩãˣȻ´һ£ѵʬǰԼָϵʯָʦָͷϣ
ĻʿӦͨɾҲڻ£ôȴԼ˽ʬ
СҵĴ¶ҵĺ󱸷ϣٻһ֮ΪȡʮŸ˵ѪǰãʱȻĺô
һ⻰Цˣ⽩ʬֱǰԼūˣʮŸ˵ѪˣҲ·ͷ
ʲôˣҪɱ롣
⽩ʬ㲻ָӣ̾ŭˡ
㼴ҵıôܹӲţҸ㣬Ƿɽ֮һɹܹԣҳҪҵĻҾͽⷨ㣬֮ǰҲܹд˷ó
һϵĵʿķĿң첻ԼˣȴѾ޳˽𵤣ϾҪٿһɾ͵ɣ￴ЩаС
㲻ջˣҲʲôˣǾɴ˷
ΪⷨûأɢȴùѸٵĳɳ
Ҫǵⷨǻ޼ɡ
Ҳٺ⽩ʬˣһǵϱˣܶķɽȻ£µķɵ֮С


393 ŷɵ
ԭѽȷʵǽʬ˺ȻֻһʱƷɽڸղŵʱѾоǷɽºȡϵ
㲢ûŸһ䲻⡣
ȻǸʬû뵽ܹ¿Ʒɽһʱ죬ȻǷɽͷ
Ϊɽƣ⽩ʬӦˣǽȴȻԴѾһ󶴣ǽʬȻûеȥһİȻָףıȻ
Ҳ⽩ʬһΪҪʩչʲôͨأ˰ΣҲûиоΣս١
һ֪⽩ʬѾǿ֮ĩҲٿ߸ߵľ⣬Ȼԡ
巽ʹ飬Ƽ̳ԾΪǲȥа뷡
ŵľ⣬ųǸŵĹЩľۼ֮ϣȻһƾۼһе˸һ֪Ǻö
ɽ֮Ȼɽ徻ȴľԵĸоɽ֮⣬֮ϣ֮Уܡ
ֻһָǽʬ
еͻȻľͷ˱Ǳһ⴦ɽ
֮һ͸˺±ڣֱӾʹǽʬϡ
⽩ʬУ̾ͻð
ȻͣķҪĹĵطʵ̫СˣݲˣټûоȫжϻȽϳٻ
˱һĽʬ֮ľֹͣһź̿
վԶû̿⽩ʬһᣬƷɽ⽩ʬ£ûжˣǰ
ȻʱʵСˣͺ⽩ʬԼͬھ
ȻСĻã㿿ǽʬϻʲôʱ⽩ʬͻȻ۾Ȼһ磬һȮֱš
ǽ۾ʱ֪ãܵľܣȵȮݷǳʬĿڣֱԼʱѾ˼һǷɽһǰסȫݵĽ
ʱһȻΪԼСĵһޡ
ղҪԼɾ裬ֻѱ¾ôһ£ԼͲҲˡ
ҲٿǸʬˣָŷɽŽʬһҿһ⽩ʬ챻߰ʮˣ֡
ⶫӦ˰ɣ
һôһһʬȻһ⽩ʬѾȫû
ڣſʼĴ󵨵һСɽߡ
ǽȴǳʧȻط˸飬Ҳûʲô
޹ֻŻ
ͷһ룬ɱ⽩ʬҲİգһҲǲС
ɿһЩȻ·뿪ɽֱԼĵȥˡ
Ǿ뿪ûж೤ʱ䣬Ǹ߰ʮεĽʬͷ­ͻȻһ۾
֮ͷ­ſͣﾹȻһźںԲ
Բ¶ڿ֮Уʼٵľ£
⽩ʬ壬һ󣬺ܵʲôһȻʼͷ­£
ûж೤ʱ䣬⽩ʬΪһ壬Ϊ㿳̫ˣ⽩ʬѾûˡ
Ȼֻ֫Щ֮ȴһһϱ߻ŵһЩߣô}ˡ
زȴһӣǿտҲֻһźɫ
ȴԭûܶ˺
⽩ʬһתͷݺݵ⿴һۣȻӣ۾
⽩ʬۣǿʯھȻһκͺûһ

˵ص۵ʱѾǿˣǰĵĶӣȥұһ٣ȻϢϢϵʱŷ޵Ľܿһ
֮»·Ȼľɽȥˡ
ȵұʱ򣬾ͼĴȺؾһ𣬶ŴׯԵһլָָ㡣
еһŮ˿֮󣬼æ֡
Ůˣʶڴ̯ģ㾭͡
첽˼£Ů˵Ա˵ɩӣ£
ʿ֪֪ͷҳ¶ˣ
˵仰ش𣬾صǰ˿Ȼ˵˵ֹˣ˺üˡ
֮ϾһȻ˵ɩڶʲôʱˣй֣ҪſѧҿһɱԽ뾯ܿͻץסֵģ㲻ҪҲˡ
ǸŮĻɵһ㡣
㱻Щ˼Ͻ˸ԶԶܿˣҪſûж೤ʱ䣬ұͻᴫɽϵĵʿǸɵӵĴԡ
ұתһȦĻ̻̣ȻоڴѲߣȻûмǵľ֡
Ͼ̫ˣһˣ໹ǳңұǴûз顣
㲢ûжԤ飬СҴҵĳ˷»ص˵ۣȻ֮ϥĬĬԼ
ôһ졣
˴ʱ˹صԼңȻȡ˼ɱ
֮۵ĺһؼҵһܾԶĴľ裬ȻᵽԺ
ִ֮ˮһˮ֮»صʦ˼ͷȻĬĬ
֮վԺǸľǰִԱһɱ߸ߵйͷпʼԡͲ˵ˣ̫ˣѧȥˡ
㽫ʩɱŵľ֮С
һĻˣɱˮУһʼͣζ
ɱζˮı˺ɫ־ͿʼճеĸˮѪҺһ
ʱͽ׼õĽܿ˵֣ôȼճɻҽŵС
Ϳʼܿ˵ӡ
ʱǧ֮ĽܿˣոѹǾ߱Ĺײ˳
ܿ˻صŷ֮˺ôĹǿİ¼еЩ
ܿ˱ӵѪʮʥеѪټ㰲ڽܿԵĻȫ֧֣ýܿ峤λá
ҲѪ岻ͣš
һνܿǿеĶѪϮѪǻˣҪɢˡ
νѵ֮󣬽ܿһʱһҲѪ뿪Լߡ
ܿһԼΪ˯·ȻԱߵһ֮У»һɾ֮˳ǱĴ
ոɳ֮ϣ绰飬ͻȻ͸оĿŤȻǰͳ޾Ѫ


394 ʧ
ܿһ㶣ȻϾףһǳԼˡ
ŵĴӻȡѪ׼κεĲԾֱӶѪ
޾ѪȻεģǶڽܿ˵ȴʵʵڵģܿ죬ܿ˾;ѾûѪ֮С
տʼֻȽţǣѪܿ͵ظܿ˵ͷ­ѾûѪ֮С
ҲҿܿѪ޷Խܿ˵ʲôҪ飬ȻûѪ֮УܿȴоûΣ٣һ
ܿҲǾô۸ģ͵һþʹܳѪ
ǽܿ˵һҲͽͣȻ˵ڳǱ֮УڵĽܿ˺񱻸ʱѷ֮УѪȻ޾ܿȻɳѪƮ˰֮УȴȻûŵĵط
ҲģֻҧԼʳָ˼ѪҺѪ֮С
žͿʼĳһλ׼ܿ͸оԼ֮ӿһ
ָоܿѾܹܶΣġ
ֻܿ͵һԼ壬žʹɢ޾Ϻͷ
ЩϺͷһֵʱռ䶼ʼռĲһʧˣѪҲſռѣۿɼٶȲӰ
ȵܿٴڵϵʱȻıǱ֮С
ܵļҾ߲ûκε𻵣ҲûκξѪݵĺۼ
ܿ˴ɳʱԼˣ˭ı£ȻԶ뽫Լռ뿪
˵ڵе㣬ʩչ귨͵Žˡ
ʱƣľеǸɱտʼʱ򻹷ɿƶ˺ȻֹͣѪˮҲʼ±Ϊͨһˮ
һ֪鲻ͷˣӦǶͷ׼Լķ
һ룬ͻȻһģԴ֪ԼʧǽܿѾѪԼҪ췽ҹ̷
Լһʧˣ㲢ģΪбķ
Ǿ㻹ûмʩչʱһߵĽܿҲʼˡ
ܿȻոճΪѪʱ̣ܶϾǴѪѪǳӵȻʱ䲻չǳĿ졣
ټеѪѪУҲһˡ
һؽܿ׼ʩչеطҪŸղŵķѰҵԼĳˡ
ֻܿܿٵԼĳǱĵϻһâǣžâǵϸһħš
Ȼܿվâߣ߸ߵľ˫ֿʼħ
ڸղŽܿ˽ûˣʩϵķԽԽǿ˺ʼ
ϵâǡħҲŽܿʼõӰӡ
ٽֱܿӵľͻԼȻôѪâС
һâǳ׵ͺڽܿ˵ķгһѪɫ̫
̫ɲƽôһѪɫâĹ
ŽָܿĴ̫Ȼ͸оϢʼӿ
ԭ̫Ѫ棬һѪеķûбĹһܹٵռĿռеϢҽϢԴȫʩ˵Ժ
ⷨûʲôãʵһģϵȫ֪ȫܵķҪ˵еʱ๥ǿĴͷҪǿࡣ
Ϊ˫սУһ֪Էôڽжоͻкܶı
ķʩ˵Ҳзǳĸġ
ڽܿ˳ΪѪǳǿʵԺûбǿ٣ôϢһӿͷ֮Уýܿ˵ʱ͸оͷΣĿǰˤڵء
ڽܿڻһǿûȫˣһ˿άŽܿ˵壬ǿĳ˹
ȵܿӦϢĹ֮Ĳſʼеİ
Ϣ֮УܿͻȻһɴѪɫɫԶƮķ
ܿ˱˳ϢԶʲô˵ģھ̫Զ޷Űȥֱλá
ǽܿҲɵӣôԶľܹ֮ʩչԼĿҲֻд½Ǹˡ
Ҳǣ˵رԼǰһʱոϵ˴½һķʦûж೤ʱԼ㰵㣬Ӧ¼ı
ܿ˿ǽˣ˭֪Էһûгɹ֮󣬻᲻ʹñķ
ǹ˺óʱ䣬ܿҲûооΣյ٣ĪһȴЩŭȥǸ᲻ᶢԼˣľ͸Լһ¡
þ

㵱ڵһҹڶϾ𴲣ұȥһֻ󹫼
⵹˿֮׼󹫼ʩҪ˽ܿ˵
ΪҲǿˣܿԴӳΪѪ֮󣬱ԽԽǻȻĳ֣¶ԷпƵֶΡ
һˣҪԷɱһʩҪöԷ֪ľ
ŵĹص˵֮ͰѹεĹסɲԼʩİ;б˴ˡ
صԼķ֮У׼˽ܿ˵ԼƬ
Щǽܿԭڴ½ʱصռģʱĽֻܿһͨ˻Ѫ
ȥһ첼ȻŽܿ˵Ƭһܿ˵ͷں첼֮ϡ
ʱǲǻϣԻЩаհ
֮ϣȴѽܿ˵ļҪصȫȥ˵ƤҰף˵ڽ¶Ȯ˵۾ͨ졣
ֱӾһǹԴȥˡ
Ҳ֪㵶̫컹ôģȻǹѾûͷ­Ȼվ˼
ǰȥһѾץסǻվڵϵͷǹڻбܵķӦһоץס̾Ϳʼ
ôһѪĲӣӿһɹɵѪëպЩѪڸղŵĺ첼֮д˽ܿ˵ȫԼ֡
ں첼֮дŽܿ˵֣߿ʼĿε֮Уһ첼֮ϣ첼һӾ͵һѪ⣬Щ磬ܿľͿԽľ룬ɨŷ޵Ľܿˡ
ʱĽܿںңû뵽Լһλܵ㡣
һߵ֮ʹ첼ˣܿұ͹Ľ紦
ɨѰһ£һط޲·ϵȱݡ
۾һתæǰȥ͹˽
ЩǼ㴩ŵۣҲǴƣҲ˵ĸ˼䡣
ôһĹѸײڶ֮ƽǺ첼׵˿С
һ÷ԱߵһѾ׼еˮ࣬ʱȻԶĻ˿нǺ첼


395 ʼ
ֺЩģȻµĴ»ĵȥˡ
ЩߺҲʼƵʼӣܿӾͱƽȻࡣ
֮һ˿С͵ѹ·ϵʯ˹ȥ
ѹ·ڿеǿ첼ȻʼųһεĲơ
Щƣֻһ˲˽ܿ˵ϡ
Щ̫СȻ˵ɢ˽ܿڵһ꣬¶ڽܿ˵޹ʹоûио
ܿһг첼֮ѹϴһһƵ˽ܿϡ
΢΢ĲԽܿѪУҲûκεĲ
֮һʩչķȻһνܿأȴܹƾŹ˵һѹܿˡ
ȻЩ˵˻޷ҡܿˣվʱƣܿҲᱻЩ޾ĥ
ģڲ֪Ҫܿķ
ҲǷǳģɱ߽꣬йػ꣬ꡣ
ոյʱǸɹãĵؽ֮зֵľУѧû뵽ڵλȴˡ
ִѾˣҼͷͷѹԼСҲħͯӻӦǰȻˡټϼлС׸ԼŮһλ棬ûʲôʦܹ׵ĶԼ˲в
ֺͼд˸к˵ǳȥˣȻʱָ»صλ档
һϣǸûʵĵ۵ķгʱ򣬾ͿѾһĴǰ˸ͽء
Ҳ֪ǲǴ⼸첻ѾϺҲһϣ˿žȻ𾴡
ôվڵߣŶѾԴģŵΡ
ȵѾһʦߵͷ֮׼ͿЦӯӯվڵ⡣
Ѿ۾̾ȻҲڴ֮ͥˣɿ㱼ȥ˵ĻС
㻹ҪЩģôͽǰ޼ɵԵ÷ǰһУͽѾ˹סʱĶѾǱһţԱߡ
ʦ֣ôŻˡ
һλɽЩҪ죬Ե˼졣
еǰ˵ûУʲôʱܴһȥ
֮󣬲Լıһ£Ȼ˵еǰ˵Ҵʦյĵӣн̵ְʲôʱɾ˵ɣʲôʱܹɽŰ档
⻰ʵҲһѴǣʱסѾȵʲôʱѾɾ͵ɵʱʱѾ֡
ʱ㲻绹ڵλ棬ԳƵǵ֮ĿףͲٹ˼Լܱ¶ˣǸʱٴѾصһˣһԼĸĸҲԲԸ
Ѿ֮ЩйָܿʵزɽҲûʲôֻҪܺʦһﶼˡ
ŶѾ˺ʼһһ̰˸ӣԼûڵʱ䣬Ƿ͵ˡ
İ˸ӵһǵʦöѾȴ̧ͷ
һͨǵ壬һҲǳһ
⼸ոռʱ򣬾Ѿǵʣ˵ֻһ㡣
ȴ⼸갲ǵɢһ˰Ϣ
ǾѾţԼƽ
ɲһܹġ
Ҫ֪ѾҲǺõˣʱҪŵʱҲǷ˾ţ֮
ڴǾʱ򣬾Ѿ⼸Ҫţǵһزɡ
ǵٶô죿ѵԼ꿴ۣ⼸Ӷţ
㷭ͷһ룬ǲܵģԼѾһˮ׼ֻҪٽһͿܳɾͻۣ£һ˵ôܹ
㿪ʼӴۣͨٴι˸ӡ
һ֮ȴ˸Ӷ֮ϣȻȻǺӶ࣬ȴһֱͨʡ
ˣڷѾǿ˵ǸԼˣҪڵţôӿԽӴˣٵ
֪ǰԭȻУǵ񣬿ƾˣԼ
㵽˲ˣڵŴʥ˴ڵӵʱҪһЩ˼ҡ
һܹõЩ˼ҵĲ֧ţЩӾʲһЩҲܹƾżۺ˿ٵЩʺõĵӲࡣ
ʵҲˣЩȻǸ˼ң񣬵ҪôţҲǲܵġ
ⶼţǰ£иӦˡ
˵ͷЩҲմĹ⣬űӣĻǿÿһ¡
ʱûиҲţиҪޣȵܹ磬ձĵʱҾܼǽ𵤴󷨡
Ļ⼸Ӷ۾һ
ȻǸ˼ҳǶܳģȻʳǣȴûκεȨ
ʱˣҲͶ׵ЩȨƿˣûа£ǿҲֻڸٻ֮дһ
ԴӱɵԣҲ֪һЩе飬ʱټ϶ѾǱĽ̵ǽѾٻ֮Ĵһ˼ҪУʱҲøϡ
ЩǱѾˣȴ֪֮Ͼǳɾ͵ɣҲ޷ϣҲܵ˥֮֡
ֻ֤ɣֻܹأʱֻҪԼô˵ĳϡ
ںһԼЩӣȻ˵ʼʶ֪ɴԼ͸ǽһ
ˣҲٴЩӸ￪ʼӣŵͨĳʶһһ˵ִţǧ۵֪ʶ
ȻҲԼ˽ģĽ֮Уڵ֮УֻΪʥoǾʦ
ڷ֮УҲмλʥܹʦ硣
һ署˵ʦһŵļλʥʱĿռҲʼ
Ҫ֪ǰȻһֱʦ˸֪ʦֻΪеλ档
һβ֪ʦĻ޾ͨı֡
޾ά֮УʥĻ͵ĿʼŹЩ⿴ʵȴۡ
ʼѸٵĽάȻһ˲λ档
о֣ҲʼԼͨ޾Ĺ档


396 ͸
ĹųĹâڵΧ˸š
˫ײ֮󣬲ûʲô춯صıֻ֣ǻģҪԷɾ
Ĺâͣ͸һķȦǹȫų֮⡣
ǰҲӴ̵o
ЩoĿʮֵıԲʮָԤֻǽ
һȴһˣʦŵλһ־൱ڵҪⷽλ档
ŴĵߣֳͨҪ赲ʦ
λ濪ʼʦʦͬĹҲĬĬϣ˻һʼ뵽Ĺ֮С
оλʦʼ͸Ĺ֮У̾ͷ˼ҵĲֳ޾Ĺ
ЩǰȫĲͬһһŵİ׷׵ֳԼıԴ
Щļӳ֮£ʦĹ޷ټ͸ȥ
ȥʦܿͻᱻųλ档
Ǿʱ򣬵ҲãֻڵάȵһͻȻ۾Ȼ׳һȱ
һ־ʹͬʱҲʼγ˺Ӧ
ڽЯһĹΧ
ûкҵײֻĹʼλĹ͸
λȻ˵ϣϾûʥ֣͸֮£ϾЩֻŽš
ûа취λֻȫֵ֣ſ˶λʥ˵赲
һſ赲λʥ˵Ĺ⣬˴һʼ뵽֮Уռһλá
λʥ˽λ棬ʼʴλȨϵĹҲĿʼںϡ
ڱܵķ̷ǳĻ
λϵĽ棬Ͳ֪ǵλģȴͻȻһ˿˿ĸӦ
⵹ǿˣǸоԼĵλʼˡ
ͬʱΪҲо紫֮ͨǰ˳ࡣ
ǰʱ򣬹Ȼ˵ɾ֮λҲo
ıʱϾǵλģλҲûƺġ
˵λ棬Ȼܹľһ֮ǵȵЩ֮ﾻʱѾǳ΢ˣڹ˵ֻʤޡ
ҪҲǳķѾȵݵϣҲ˾󲿷֡
һĹվԱߺʱõĶѾҲòͷ
ʦôˣôȥ
㱻Ѿѣ̧ͷ΢΢һЦȻص˵ҵ˾ǰȸֲСܸʱ򡣡
ļͽڸʱ̣ܶԶƢ˽⣬Ȼк棬ǲҿڶʡ
ǶѾȴû˼ɣվԣʵʦ֣ʲôܣ˵˵
ֻЦԼ˵Ǿ仰ҲֻǸоһ˿˿䣬оԼˣ˵ӳîȴûǸ¡
֮˵Ǿ仰ҲֻΪ˸Լĵһġ
ѾƼˣֻǹķܣ˵˵
һǸˣڹʦնɴȺȴùˡ
ŵ֣һҲһ˿˿΢ı仯
նɴȺѾﵽɵ۷壬ֻҪǰ̤һпٳΪ֮⣬һλ
ҲĿǰ
ǰһʱʱڹɾ֮λ
ùɾ͵ʱҲõһ˿˿ϣնɴȺҲһ˿ǰϣ
ǾڸղŵʱնɴȺͻȻоʹùʱ򣬾ȻǰһЩ
һЩ仯޷ǰʹ۰
ӿµЩ仯ĲѾһ˿ϣھȻԶˡ
ΪĹı仯˽⣬Ҳûġ
ҪĲһӽͲˡ
նɴȺڴ֮ϣĬ˺ܳʱ䣬ͻȻ̾һԼҪӿˡ
ΪƾĸӦѾʼת䣬תĳ̶ԽԽҲ޷̤֮λˡ
ҪɾɣΨһİ취ûȫתİʱǿг֮λ
ΨһܹԼٳɾɵģҲֻʳˡ
ԼĬȥҪϻʵһ˶ϣҪʱΪԼܹɾɣҲòһˡ
뵽ʱնȴȺ۾һת˰취糯ʱԼҪǻʵһʵ²̨ʹԼȺǰӵļһЩҪʱƻʵ϶λԱԼܹȡʳˡ
նɴȺ֮󣬳ĳһȻһα۾ʼѾԽԽٵĻʳˡ
˵һڸڵӽһЩ񻰹֮󣬾ͰǴˣǸ
㣬ԼҲ׼Ϣһ£ȻҾͳʱͻȻһС̫ࡣ
С̫ǽԼһ棬˳ǽڵĺ
㲻õؿС̫һۣʵ̫ûˣҲ֪ͨһǻҲҰɡ
ܿƽվ΢ЦĽС̫˺֮Ѿ衣
ʵСһʲô¶𣿡
С̫һڲ裬Ȼ˵Ҳûʲô£ǴˣҲƷģҼҹǰ֪ͨһ촩μӴ󳯡
һȻʵ֪λСǰ֪ͨҵġ
Ǻǣʱ֪ˣڲضʡ
Է˵ҲͲˣЦźС̫˾ǵ顣
ȵС̫뿪ʱҲûװܣһöƽԪֱӾС
С̫Цݣ͵Ŀһ£˵ʿʶȤ
ǰЩٹٴʱЩ˶۸ڶͲС̫˵ˡ
ʿܽģȥ֮ڴܹǰԼ䣬Ҳ⶧ƽıꡣ
Це̫ͳ˵ۣǾҪȥʱͻȻԶһС̷̽ͷ̽ԡ
һɨͷС̷һڲͣԵĲͨˣΪġ
ôܵС̷Ҫ֪ЩһʵĹԱͻᱻϱ
۾һתˣĸ˲ĴԼġ
˿²λ˳»ʵۣסԼնɴȺʦˡ
Դ˲⣬ǻϻնɴȺˣֻҪԼбҲκβԼ


397 ֵ
ڶϣȻڶѾķ£˳»ʵ۴͵ǸۣȻԼͽһųֱ糯š
Ҫ˵ȥμӴ󳯣ȥʲôԭΪʵ۵ҲƷģһˣȥμ糯Ҳû˵ʲôһǵһβμôģʽԺ³˲ЦŴԼĴͽܣԱָԼ
ǵĳܿ⣬Ѿǳڶ࣬ƥȺ
ǻˣҿûʱ䡣
ֻٹѾĶ飬ǰʷԼٹٵĶΡ
龰Ͻ³ǰ˼ȻͣԱߵʵΪʦҸվĶ
ʦһүүΪдȻֻǸΣҲƷλûǿǰҴȥ
˵ͽĹٿǰһλãȻ
ȻԼҲһ̲ӰҲȥŶˡ
ʷóһʼˡ
߸ոյһű㱻ˣʷٹٽš
ԵļеϻУξֱֳžᣬĶŹĹԱÿһԱȥھ֮ϵ
ôһ·˴ǰʱУξһεȻһһЩٹٵ
ȻĹǰںνţվĵط
վڶܴһ£лмһŵۻɮ۵ˣ˳»ʵϲĴԣȻǲ١
ȴûڶǰߣλûмնɴȺʦѵλʦμ糯
˼ʱ򣬴Ӵĺţһ̫࣬￴һ£ȻͷҴҵܲˡ
ܿںִ˽ŲͿ˳»ʵ۴ųסúӷֿҸ˳»ʵۺ档ֱʱǲܿʵ۵Ŀ
˴ʱվڻʵԱߵһ̫࣬ǰһŷ±ߵٹٺб࣬ޱ˳
±ߵٹʱ򶼳Ĭǽûʲô飬վڶ鵱Ҳǵͷ͵Żһأûȥĳ緹
ǾڴΪϾҪ˳ʱͻȻһС̫ĳ˴֮ڴ룬ٵغʦնȴȺ
ո˵仰ûվ߾ʹһ֮žмκУ̧һӽ˴
һٹٶʼԭڽеĲˣǹʦնɴȺ
ʦնɴȺԭȻ裬Ҳûз˽飬ֱǲѻʵ۷
ڱ֮ϵ˳»ʵۣҲѾûַǰߵ¾ѾڲסԼŭˡ
վ˳»ʵԱߵǸ̫࣬۾һǰһ
ʦȻʵۣΪβѵ֪ʳɷ𣿡
̫ĻٹٺҲѹмʹ˳ڵأʼʦնɴȺ
˳»ʵۿżԱ¶Цݣ΢΢ĵ˵ͷԼҵҳģ⼸Ժܹһ¡
ʱնȴȺҲĴӽ˳ȻһǼ׳ʵĺУ̧̾Žӳ˴
˴ʱնȴȺ˫ֺʮ΢΢ĵͷ˵ƶɮնɴȺʵۡ
˳»ʵۿնɴȺ۾жǺ⣬ɨһԱߵǸ̫࣬˼ܲסˡ
Ǹ̫üɵһնɴȺȻҡҡͷܿ뵽ʲôȻ۹ٹе㿴һۣ˳»ʵʾһ¡
˳»ʵ۵ôʵۣȻ˵һʱʧնɴȺ󣬵ִ黹Ƿǳḻģôһ̫˼
Ҳ±ߵնȴȺֱӶ԰е㺰д䣬ʱҲˣûмʦɣڴ֮ʶʶ
㱾뵱ģǣʵ۽УҲòվȶŻʵʩһȻֶնɴȺ
ƶϣ꼣ʦ
նɴȺбۿһۣǰܰ̽Ǹʿ
ţƶ
նɴȺ˵ͷȻ˵ҿʲӷ𣬰ҵ£һɵ
˵⻰ʱնɴȺʮеģĿľҪԼȻƴջʳˣɾɡ
նɴȺֻҪԼɾ޺ٲҲܹɾ͵ɣ仰ƭˡ
㱳ʦͶ£ЩˣҪôˣԺ˭Һ
ֻǿӲĻؾҶκεԥĻǾͻỳˡ
ʦ⻰ЩˣƶɽţҲʦҪʦ£⻰ʦԺҪ˵ʡûҵĺ
˵ĻȻ˵ǳĲնȴȺȴû
˲֪ߵغ񣬽ҪԿġ
˵仰ҲͲ㣬˫ֺʮ˳»ʵ꣬⼸һֱϰҽطڹѾ˹ؼʱֻ̣Ҫһɣܹϣƶɮ˾Ӻ󹬣Ǳ޵⳯õ飬ƶɮʱ͡
һ°䶼Щˣû뵽նȴȺȻ˵Ļ
Ȼ˵Ǳһ£֮ҲкܶϲΪЩͶնɴȺ
Щ˿նɴȺڴ֮ϱŻϽȨһȫİգʱնɴȺִƴȨЩҲˮǴߡ
ڵ˳»ʵѾ˵ˣòָնȴȺ
˳»ʵԱλ̫龰ҲŭˣǰһһڸնɴȺɭ˵ʦĪ˯Ϳ˲ɣȻڽǴ˵λ
˵ʱ̫ϾͷųһǰδеϣϺһһͳնɴȺ
նɴȺȴվڴ룬˿նȴȺèһߡ
̫κβնɴȺֲڴ֮϶֣εվԱߵ㿴һۣȻ˦һԮ
ǿˣҲֹղôһѾնɴȺϸеһŨŨѹ
ǰĶֲͬǰǿҲǰ̽塣
ڶʱҲϸов
˿˳»ʵҵеģӦ˳»ʵ۵ˣҪǲϣ˵ȥ
ֻεǰ˳»ʵۺնɴȺм䣬֮󣬴һ˵ʦղֻڿЦλ󳼲⡣
˵⻰ʱĬʼӴԺеö䡣
ʱ׼ֻͨҪնȴȺһķӦ̾Ͷ֣öԷռȻ


398 ˺
նɴȺڴ֮ϵĽźûпֻһ˫ֺʮ΢΢ĵͷ˵£ƶɮĻ˾̫ϻ֮λλڻӣնɴȺܱ´ضȫ౨ֻӡ
üͷһնɴȺԽԽˣղŵʱֻûʵ˾Ӻ󹬣ڸɴûʵλˡ
ԼҲǻʵ۵ˣҪǻʵλóȨնɴȺִƣʱԼùӳԡ
ҲŻ˵Ⱦ˵ʦ˻ӣӵûλģҿ㻹ڻغȥϰ죬ѧ˸ٳϴ١
նɴȺ۾˳»ʵۣȴõͳȴᶨ˵ƶɮΪ°գղòд£ϼ¡
˵ʱնɴȺͻȻת˵ȻǻϵĳӣҲµĳʲô˵
仰䣬̫ͳڵأϣʦѸߣѾ£µｻʦǵҲںоԱ㳤ϣһá
նȴȺ⻰ĵͷ
˳»ʵѾɤһ𣬾һѪҪ
ԼĸӦԼ˵ȴΪնɴȺԣ⻹ʲô˵ģһѾͶնɴȺ
ǰʱһԼĹնȴȺŵģԼڲѾûбҪˣһ
ʱһСʹͻȻе˰壬ֱԴ
ȻλСһֱţ˵޸֮СʹͻȻϮӦûü
ڴΪҪͷѪʱնȴȺͻȻۣǸСʹһۡ
ֻôһǸСȻ͵ɵóȥײ˵ϵϣȻҲûϢ
ϵ󳼣նɴȺȻڴ֮޼ɵɱˣһƬȻ
֪նɴȺһǷ˺һҪôȨˣڼеĻĹߣҪǷԣ̾ͻɥ
Ȼвߣȴûпֹ
ѾʸնɴȺĴ󳼣龰ҲЩ£û뵽նɴȺȻĿҡ
նȴȺҪʲôлûˣ
£ĻˣƶɮԱһֱĹΪ˱ܹǱ޵òΪ£֮ؿɼ
˵仰ʱնȴȺһԣžߴ˼ٱǸֱУֱӾͰѴ֮дΧڵм䡣
˳»ʵһ龰ɫͱò԰ɤ۶ǹɱŵѪҲ̲סˣֱӾ˺
Ҳ˼Ĵ̼ΪΪһֱԻʹƿصķǳܣ龰նɴȺѾӹ˹еıĻ⼸ҲϢĴ֮ϡ
˳»ʵԱߵǸ̫Σ̾һȻӻȡһƿǰȥƿеһҩ裬˳»ʵ۵ĿС
Ȼ̫ĬһֻƷ˳»ʵ۵ĺ󱳣ͣͷŷ
˺һ˳»ʵŴµ۾ȻնɴȺŭغȵøնɴȺϹۣȻУû뵽ȻΪ
նɴȺѾҪʧȥǵ˳»ʵۣ΢΢ҡҡͷ㴹Ŀԡ
ʱ򣬴ͻȻִһϵĿţ߰˸˴˴
ٹתͷһֻΪ׵һӶˣƲжˣ߰˸ۻɮ۵ˡ
˲ΡΡߵ˴֮ϣЩΧٹٵĹٱͷȥ赲ǻûпˣͱһεǸƿ
նɴȺˣ¶һ˿ɵЦݣȻһЩٱԣߵ˴֮ϡ
ˣ˳»ʵ۵ǰϹ˹֡
Ϊ¡
˳»ʵۼˣһ
ϻ𣬲ض񡣡
ԭ˾˳»ʵĵƣ˳»ʵ۸׵ֵͬܣΪʱõ˴ڡ
ټʷǳĺãʮʱѾɾ͵ɡ
ЩһֱµʿĬĬػ
ֱӣȻתնɴȺһЦвУô͢ˣ
ʩƶɮ֪ɵõ֮ղԶΪ˻ܹճϣҲҪϴʲôɣ
һ⻰ЦˣնɴȺҪˡܿľִ˸飬ΪնɴȺӣҪԼ˺ˡ
һԼûˣܹǿĵֵסնȴȺԴһκնɴȺشڻûлָ²һĶ֡
鵽һԼҲֻƴһˣȻĻԼҴúɽͲ֪Ҫ˭ˡ
Ҳٷϻֻһ̾ͷɳһ
䣬ʵֻһӰ
Ӱһ֣оͿʼƱɫžεʼɿϻۡ
֮ӰͿʼ͵ĴӴĸ߿£Χ
ʱ˵˴󳼶ȥˣȻѾȥ赲նɴȺˣûбҪǸͷȥˡ
նɴȺͷʹ˿ҵı£Ҳһû뵽ͷȻĸɾ䡣
Ҫ֪ڽǴ֮ϣһǿķѱ˼󳼡
ЩһһǿնȴȺҲ׵ĵѵͷķ
նɴȺҲ˲ˣֻϥֽᷨӡ
նɴȺӾͿʼȫʧ˴֮ϡ
ڴΪնȴȺѾߵʱͻȻڴ֮֮Ϸ˶ơ
ЩɫƲʿʼƮɢ⣬¶һ
⣬ִȱҪɾһ
ȻڵУʶѾѵӦһ
һ͵شܳ˴֮ǽĶ͵˼ʮɸ£ǽʼ
ĳ֣ҲʼӿȻ޾˿ʼۡ
Ŀ˽һۣȻͷš
ްӷϻʱ
˵仰֮նȴȺϵĽ㿪ʼţնɴȺ͵ǽȥ
ֵſ֮УҲʼ֮кһεľɢŽ⣬ֱӾͰǽץС
ǽֻ΢һεƱ㱻𿪡
ǱղնɴȺĶŭˣֻŭ𣬽֮ͺһʼնɴȺһ߽ӽ


399 
˽ɢĲƺܿŵľǣⲨ֮£е˶оԼķܵԼ
ԼԽԽǿո޳ɷСʿֱӾͱԭΡ
ڴ֮ϵ㣬ҲоԼĽ𵤿ʼĲôˡ
ŽӴһԼԺеǷ䣬ȴûܵκεѹƣһֻҪԼܹʩչͨҲߵܡ
еεĲסҲоѾʼת顣
ԭԵģնɴȺɱﵣ
״̬µնȴȺȻ˵޷ɾȴʹӴԸγѹһеĶ֡
ڴУ˳»ʵԱߵǸ̫նɴȺʩչͨȴЩϲ
ԭնɴȺͨͰ̷ĸʩչͨ޼
̫Ͱ̵ķĸŹҽܣʱĸҲʩչͨ
̫ڻ֮󣬿ǽͨӵ˵һ
ͨҲϴƴñԴ𣬲ŻնɴȺ
Ǿ̫˵ʱնȴȺĽһζ֡
ֻͻȻ޵ķЩȻ˵Сǲ֪ôȴĴ˷Բʮ˵Ķ
ˣĶе˳֮ġ
ųĵĲΧԵķѹʧ
նɴȺֶһָ̾һɫ磬˵ֱȥ
Ǻʩչ׷һɷ𷨺Ը۶ɣȻ磬ʵȫǷŵķ
һϮоһȻƴԱ߶ȥ
ǻ·һһ䣬һ֮ϡ
ֻ֮һ£ϲûܵκε˺
˳»ʵԱߵ̫ȴ֪һ鷳ˡ
Ϊǵ̺֮նɴȺ־ֻҪ־Է֮УͻͶԷҵĳͻ
ʱͻʶ֮нһҵĴսһʧܣͻᱻԷռΪܡ
ʱԲնȴȺ˼ԸҪ鷳Ļ±ȲնɴȺ־ᶨ
̫Ա߿ϷȵָʱѵҪȵնɴȺҵһ𣿡
һ£ȷʵҪǵȵ͢һߵ˱ĲˣԼҲնɴȺĶ֣ں͢еһ֣ҲܹնɴȺ
뵽ʱҲԥǰͳȥ
ոߵ룬ЩΧٹٵʿ̳ȥҪϻһߡ
ʱ㣬ֻ׳ԼеķͷΡ
ǷͷӭͳգۼĹͱһֻķˣϻ޾һ𣬿ܵ˶ҿ
ЩǰʿֻǱϵĻһã̾ͱ˻ҽ
ʣµĵļ龰ﻹҵ㣬̾͹ȥ㴳˴
⣬һֻ˽Я֮ƣͣĳײŰǳĬĽ
ǽ˽ղ֮˽ôײ޷ҡ֣һǶûð
һ㿴Щէ࣬û뵽նɴȺȻ־磬ԾҪɵżˣҪһʱǻ˵á
Ϊ˳һԼĶ֣ҲٳɣһԺеǷ䣬ֻӭǣܿͳ˼ʮɸ¡
ڵȴЩˣΪķͨȻȴɲڰе𣬸ûκεв
ɵʱԻƵĻͻȻҲʼ󣬽žͻһʮɸµӴˣȻԡ
Ͼ˵˼ҪԼѽҲԥһž̤˻˵ıϡ
ȻֻǷˣ͵ľһȻ󶶶򣬼ѵķ
Ȼɵò죬ǺһֱڿûƶλãԺܿӽˡ
ԽӽԽķ֮ȴԽԽȵ˽ʮɿʱѾ𹥻˼
ǸͻȻ۾ǴȥԭǴ֮еǸѾڵϡ
ųһĽɫ̳Щ̳ԽԽŨϵȴԽԽ͸ȫʧ뵽ɫ֮С
ɵĽɫƮ˴Ȼɿ˽ȥ
˽ҲʲôֻеĽ͵ĻȥӭƮƲʡ
նȴȺ龰̶÷һ˽ȥ
ǰ˵ˣնɴȺ˷ҵķԼԸɣһУ̾ͻᱻնɴȺ
˽Ȼ˵һֱĹ򣬵ֵ¡
ԽԽ࣬˽ĹҲʼ
Ҫ֪˽Ƶһ߿ܣҪǱ񣬿һӡǣ޷ֵնȴȺ֡
ǸʱȻնɴȺݵԭ޷˽ҲʧأԺԼ࿹⡣
նɴȺרʩԸ˽ʱȴûз֣־תƣԵЩҲʼɶһ˿Ϣ֮
̾һȻѸٵĴһսϵ֮ҲͲٹ˼ɣֻ͵ǰһܣǻ˵壬ӴȭͷֱǰԴȥˡ
ٶ̫ˣնȴȺҲû뵽ԼĿƣһʱԴ⣬ܵʱѾˡ
Ҫ֪ʩչʩصͨһӴޱȣȭͷУҲܣοնȴȺ
ֻá顱һնɴȺɵĽɫӾͱ˼ʮɵľ룬ȻǸˤһ֮С
е˽Ҳ͵شڵɵĽɫƲ֮С
ͿʼڽɫεȻ󷢳һϲĺ
ʱҲ˵ϣǰһܣʹܵ˱վĵԱߣȻһץ֮󣬾ץһɫֱۣȻͽնɴȺҲһӷץ˳
֮㲻ܲˣһץնɴȺֱۣʼƴȥ
šء֮նɴȺĽͣĽӴأϵĽɫâҲʼ
ʱеˣҲԦնɴȺԡ
ӴӿʼסնɴȺ֮󣬿忪ʼת
תһһʼĦնɴȺĽ
˫ܼл֮£նȴȺųĻ⣬ҲʼۿɼٶѸٵϨۿնɴȺĽҪ


400 
ʱҲѾһ˿ϲû뵽ôնȴȺʦȻĲһ
˵ҲЩ̫ˣһʱͻȻ֮նɴȺȻóޱȣȻ˷صͨȻҲ޷ŲնɴȺ֡
һ֪ãҲ˲նɴȺϵĽˣֻ͵һܣһͿʮɵľ룬뿪նɴȺԡ
ȻʱնɴȺѾµվڴ֮ϣֻһץͰϵĽ˳ȻԶһǶһһ
նɴȺȻղűŪ˸ͷȻЦݣղĲ
ֻնɴȺϥڵ֮зţȻͿʼ˲֪ľġ
žĵУʼ쳹ǣʱƣǶһƬ֮С
ʱ֪նɴȺôȥĻûж೤ʱ䣬ľǶữʱľ
ǣԶĻˣȻնɴȺһָ
ǻ˵̽һʹ̺ŵĻҲʼĺǰͬ
ԭЩǻǰȡҲǻΨһܹʩչĳ档
Ϊԭȵʱ˵Ļ棬Ȼ¶ȷǳߣǷ
Դӵõ֮ʩչĻ֮дһ˿ܹԴܲǳв
ֻڵĻˣ֮Ѿѻߵ˼£֮Ѿû˻˵ӰӣֻʣһȽȽ̫
̫һĸ߶֮͵ľնɴȺ׹ȼǣŨŨβͣһĺۼ
նɴȺϮĻˣֻһۣһαĿ
Ż½ٶԽԽ죬ر¶ҲʼٵЩʽṹĵҲѾʼð̣ȥûһᣬǶš
˵ǳ٣ǿ죬ѾնɴȺֻʮɵľˡ
ǵΧͻȻֻǻˣײһһ˻
Զս㣬һ龰һղŵʱնɴȺûͨôˣûжٵĹˡ
ʱȴɲԥնȴȺڵ˻֮ӵĴˡ
ʱľѾ˽ɫĺеľ񶼹ڵأʼնɴȺ
ڿ˼ˣԼԲնɴȺĶ֣ҸղǸͷҲˣ
ԭڸղٻ˶ԿնɴȺʱ˽ڵһͻģҲڹ㣬նɴȺˣһ̣ʹܵ˽Ǵ֮С
ͷǵϣվ˳»ʵԱߵǸ̫ʹ˸ɫȻ˱ĸԻӶ䣬˳»ʵ۹ЭȻһ㴩͸˽ǴĵɵԶʧˡ
ǸֵնɴȺĵʿֻǹá
ʱŷӦһսأҪ֣»˼޹һɢ˽ǴԼļ˿ʼԼĸۡȥ
ʱɵطİֲˣֻһԿֲնɴȺʦˣû˵ˣԼǱˡ
ʱնɴȺѾľǻľʱһһ򣬼նɴȺĿ֮С
ֻնɴȺ۾վԶ㶵ЦЦȻһ͸оԼصͨʼĪİ뿪
ŵòᣬΪԴõͨһʩչǱͨ޵С
Ҳǿͨεı
ķչ־Ϊתƣۿɼٶȿʼܿͻ˳˵ģ
ʱնɴȺЦЦȻú˵ʱ
նȴȺոյ˵仰;ԼҪڵأҲʼãоնɴȺ׽ˡ
㲻񣬶ʼնɴȺ£˫ϥѾʼۿžҪڵء
ǧһ֮ʣϵʯָͻȻһ̹⡣
̹̾һ˳ľӿʶ֮С
㱻һ̾ѹ
ȻеһգղŽԼȥ°޷ɣӽԺնɴȺеһС
뵽ʱҲˣԼնɴȺĵȼƾԼҪԸնɴȺ췽ҹ̷ԼҰˡ
ĵƣ޾ά֮Уеǹ
ڵƴҪͨеǹ·ǰԼ
ôĹͨеĹûиӦ
ʱҲЩã˲ǹΪʲôӦԼٻ
㹵ͨʱնɴȺûֻ֣ͣƶͻ˹ȥ
նɴȺӳƣжѾɫ޾ľЮͽ⣬һֹͬȥ
ſµϮҲǼˣȻ޷ٻıֻٻ类ǷĸߵĹˡ
ϣʱܹǿһЩԼסնȴȺ
еһ̾ϵǧ֮һ֡
ֿ˵ʢ˴ӴֱӶŵһ֮ˡ
ʱڴ֮й𣬹ͻȻ۾Ȼ͵شӴվ
ʱڴϳĸ·ͽһ龰µĿɿڴ
ЩϵͽܿͷӦһɫ죬ڵأͷزͣߵվĹ
ǹֻɨһ۵ڵߵͽһʧǵǰ
ɵĽ⼲磬ֻǼǧľ뽵ٵ˾֮С
նɴȺʱֹȥҲõĽץסֻۣҪһͻࡣ
ͻȻ֮䣬һ⻮նɴȺɵʱȻնɴȺ֮ϡ
Ҳ֪ʲôɣȻֻôһնɴȺ;ʹ̣ܵľͷſ㡣
㣬ǶһѽôһµĹ򣬾ܳȥ˼ʮףʱŸҴӻȡľ⣬Ȼ߸ߵѹֵ׿
⣬Կã뷡
ͻȻľۼһɹɵĵЩ͵ͣȻγһ繹ɵĹ
֮ı棬ѼٶȣֱӾնɴȺײȥ
ʱնȴȺڸʲôأ
ʱնɴȺĽһֱգһʲôʮֵļɵ
Ĺûз
ȻնɴȺ뷨ȷģǹڽӽնȴȺʱ̾ͱԵһ㵭ǹֵɡ


401 ͷβ
ʱնɴȺ֮УͻȻһ⣬ֳ֮һ
նɴȺͻȻֵһ㶣Ȼϲ
ΪղȺĸӦ֮УȻ˵Լ޼λͱȴԼ߳ࡣ
ҲΪնɴȺﵽ˵ɵļ£ܹϵľ磬һ˿ûеĸӦ
նɴȺ֮ôˣΪϿԼǰ·
ֻҪǰ£ʱҲܴõɾ޺ؾ
նɴȺҲ˲ˣֻ͵һĴأȻĽ˴صƮ˿С
ȻնȴȺȻٷŽ⣬ֻϻһ£ӿ³ɻɵĽɫ
ʱնȴȺôһڻ֮пķŷӵӡ
ʱĹķҲһߣֻϷŴ徻⣬ѹ⣬ķ
ǱųĹâյİգ̾ѹ
Щѹ֮̾ͶƮŵնɴȺС
ЩյѣնɴȺھ֮ȥ
һǹķҲʼС
žĲͣǡǲһͣųնȴȺĽ⣬Ȼ󽫰Ƕھ֮УȻնɴȺͥ
նȴȺڹĶûֹƵķۣʼ̽նɴȺз˿ҪпʲôԼܹٵĽ
ʱ㼸˹Ľ£ȻѧŹҲϥ
ǹȴʱȻ󻯳ɽ뵽ڡ
ʱѾûԭȵʿģȫȫıһŵ
նɴȺʱ˵ΪСǵ̳ȴҷеʥˡ
ǰʱڸͲնɴȺϻֱӾͶùǿѹˡ
ȻٻͷӿԼ壬ȴоǰʱЩͬ
ǰʱһôڡ
һأȴоȻһ˿˿ų⡣
ָоŵòᣬɲնɴȺˣҪǽԼ͹֮⡣
ֻǿնɴȺһۣз˵ҶǷˣΪ˶һʹ˰֣ΪΣ
λ£ƶɮԷ뿪³ɾ޺ܡ
һ⻰Щ죬նɴȺһֱȨƷǳôʱɾ޺飿
ɲ׼նɴȺɵĹһ䲻֪
ڿռܣͷһı仯
ַֻЩľʼٵȻ󼱾ĿήǶ̶̵һ˲Ͷȹ˼ʱ⡣
ұЩľȻʼʱûж೤ʱͱһſӡ
ǹ͵ĶһƱ㿪ʼնɴȺײȥ
նȴȺԷʩչҲСƣֻ˽䡣
նɴȺĽҲԽԽʢЩ⾹Ȼʼһһӡ
ڰзײ
նɴȺΪԼĽֵܹסԷķʱԾһĻˡ
ֻԼĽ⣬ȻʼٵʧǹųĲ֮Ľûټ
նȴȺҲǶ죬ۿǲƾҪɨԼ壬͵ĴӽµĽȻܵԱߡ
µǽʱñƴţҲûκεĹӰ֮С
նȴȺһ龰Ѿɫ࣬û뵽ȻղһҪǴԼϣԼоͻữΪһ
ʵ㲢ûôղһǽʩչͨ
ǱųĲɨǿٵʱ䵹˻صһ̡
Ǳͬʱɨôͻʱ֮Уʧڹȥδ
ͨһܹʩչġ
ֻղôһͲľеķŹʱԸ
ټȥնɴȺܿͻᷢѾǹͷһˡ
ʱװķǳһ¶صЦݡ
ŵĹֻǶնɴȺ΢΢ĵ˵ͷǶԺĿء
Ҳ˵һ⣬ʧ˾֮С
ֱĽʧ˺ܳʱ䣬նɴȺŴӸղŵ֮лָ
ղһİأȻȫ⣬Ҳпʱ䷨ôر仯
ԼܹѧһУôƾеĹݻӦܹɾ޺֮
뵽ʱնȴȺѾȨ֮ģֻǳ˵
ھնȴȺҪֵµЩͽǣҲˡ
նɴȺոջعʱ򣬾һŽĹͷԡ
ʦȻϵòѾ˻ꡣ
նȴȺŻķ̾һ
ղλһȻϿԼûκε˺ʵȴȻ
ԼµԼͨԸɣ˵̺նɴȺһ
ʧȥնȴȺķҪ½һض
ҲǼĹָܹġ
ԼҪȥ׽ûʵۣһǸ̫ϣ˿еĵɣԼûʧĻҲԼʧ˽Ը»òסǡ
ڶԼ˵ҲĲˡ
˳»ʵ˻꣬ҲŽʵ۵֡
Ļ׳ꡣ
ڵʱֻҪԼһλȻ˳»ʵΪ̫ϻʣֻҪ°˶೤ʱ䣬ûټǵ˳»ʵˡ
ԼҲܹѳֳִ֣һͿ޼ɵһɱˡ
ȥػ꣬Ȼ˳»ʵҪȥΰʵۣôͲҪٳˡ
ʦô죿
նȴȺһЦȻ˵һɥ֮ȮֻҪ»ʵǻܰԻʳ˵ĿƣʱʲôͺǶԿ
ʦܵȥš
˵֮ŽĺУһμӽȥ
նȴȺʱҲʼϵĽ⣬ȻӼʮɴСʼٵûжĹ򣬾ͱһִͨüĿĺС
նɴȺǴһƣȻߵٹٶܵûӰˡ
նɴȺҲ£ֻٵ˻ʵ۵ǰȻˢˢдһʥּ˳»ʵûüߵʥּϸһ
ʥּȥӹܾţճţκ˶ó롣
նȴȺĻոյ˵꣬ϵӰ֮дܳһ۵ˡ
ǰĽӹʥּȻ˳˴ǱֻնɴȺһˡ


402 ƿ
˵뿪˽ǵҲھоԦŹķܿ˾һСɽ֮ϡ
ɽ֮һǹķ壬ƮĶ档
ʱüͷ߷Ҳ֪˵ʲô
Ϊ߷Ȼ˵ЩǣǻйƵģԼҲʲʲôӳî
Լǰľһˣһ׷ʲô飬ѵǹʲô⣿
뵽ʱĵ׾ЩˣҪǹĳֲ⣬ôԼ˵ޱȾ޴ʧ
뵽һ֣ķ뿪Ȼϥʼȥ꿪ʼϵڤڤе
㶯ҲܿľͺǸϵֻһ䣬Ѿ˾֮С
ܿ͸оһ˿ԾΪǰʱֻҪ뾻ͻоޱȵɣҾ֮еڤڤ򶼻£
һȴûио磬εĹ򣬾Ȼһ˿ųջ󣬾Ҫһ
ȫǰ㵱һͨͽﻹ⾻ˡ
ɵʱͻȻ֮ǰ߽˸¶һӰ
˲ˣǰһʱoɵĽߡ
飬ǰҲͨ͹ϵ֪һ
һǰϳ
ΪˣֻվŽǰݼ
ȴλ΢Ц˫ֺʮֻǶһȻ˵ʩҼѾȺʱˡ
üݺݵĶλߣķͷˡ
㲢ûж֣ǳߣ뿿
˿ߵʵǼ磬ܿ룬֮
ﲻǹϣ»ľΧ£Źһ
ʱЩľûǰһϽǰ
ʱĽǰڵأŹ档
ȱʩѾ
ִȱ΢΢ص˵ͷ
ˣȥɡ
߸æٴοףһصС
ʱߵ룬ǰĹǰԼķ֪׷ʲô飬ȻܹԼƿء
֮жϣΪԼٻÿһζҪٵĳЩӣԼȻûа취;ԲͣԵĿѾ仯
ʩôĿƶɮʲôֵ𣿡
㲢ûлشĻǽԼ⵽˵Ľ֮УʼתҲʼ͸ڣҪǰһµĽԼС
Ҳ㲻ʧȥ߷ҪƾҲԼзֳһ֣Ӷǿж߹ĿȨ
һοˣô޷ҡ⾻
ǹһ۾ѾİϷȴûֹֻ΢Ц㡣
˰죬ǷûκεЧйٴ۾
ʲôʱƿصģ
ʩǰһʱ䣬Ǹoƿص𣿡
˵仰ʱ򣬹̧ԶĽָһ¡
תͷȥǽߣֻȱͲǸ
ٴתͷŹʵǽ׼ô죿
ʩҼԼʩͬһԴķϣʹ˰֣ԺʩʲôΣѣұضֱʩɾɣ˴
ҡҡͷȻ˵ǲܵġôҵĿƣҵͻ֮ǿɾɣԺҲ޷ٴһ
ǹ⻰ɫҲÿǺԵȰ
ʩд󹦵´˵ˣɾͲαΪƶɮ
˵ʱǹһУھһ«
«ģȻ˵ʩõĹˮֻҪȥÿô˹ˮԡԼ꣬ͿԲȫԼĲ㣬֮ûκ谭
˵֮ǹ˺«һס
ȴûнӣǺ«Ľűߡ
ʩʲô˼ѵƶɮĻʲô
ҵºΪһ壬Ϊҵһ֡
˵仰֮ͻȻ巽ۣ̫ϾԪʼ̫ָﻯȥΣѣԱ΢顣
ͻһ޵Ӱ͵ȥ
ǹûκεĻţֻϴŹ徻⣬ѹγһ֣ڱıҲų
Щâͻ潫εĻм䡣
һҲǷеһҪҪԼºͷΪһ塣
Щâ˵Ҳһ֣㣬谭ǳС
ôһ赲ʱ䣬Ҳùľ˶رߣʱѾɵ˰У̹⡣
žһεĲ͵Ĵϳ֮󣬿˼ʮɵľ룬䵽ϡ
ⲨУϵķ̾ͱ߽⣬ͱԭ֮ڵϹ˼Σǿվ
ʩֺαأƶɮղŵĻɸΪ񲯡
ûлظĻҲתͷ
ԼҪҪЭҪЭĻȻ˵ҲܹõĹ֧֣ǴӽԺҲû֮ˣԼÿõÿһεİԺ
ԼӦһԼ߲
ΪѵʱͻȻԼϵʯָ
һϲֻҪʯָڣԼܹĴԽʱգͨѵĽλ֮ȥ׽Լ
˵ʵͲŸղǹĹ
ȫԼĿƣղԼ⾻֮У˵ķΪͰԼѹˡ
Ӧʲôɵ֣ܳûڲƭԼֻҪԼһӦ¾ԼĿˡ
֮ҧ֮ϵĹ˵Ҷ˱һ壬α˴Ҫ
ǹҡҡͷȻ˵ǰʱƶɮֻʩĿܣһЩǣȻʩ֮£ƶɮʩ󿪷֮ţȫƶɮ
۾תתȻε˵ðɣȻҵǿԳȫ㣬㸶Ǹۡ
˵ʱڵĽ𵤿ʼתһɹɷӿʯָ֮ϡ
ڽͿʼһĲЩʮֵ֣Ȼǿ󣬵Ƿǳԣڵз򶼱ų⿪
Ҳһ֣˶ñһһ֪Ҫӡ
˹ҲٿˣţĹʼıȻԱһֱм㣬ҪƽʯָĹų⣬¶ס㡣


403 
Ȼΰ󣬵ⲻ֪ķʯָҲЩΪ̣ķȻǶʯָȴûаֵá
ˣֻĿ뿪ľʧά֮С
ʱǴæ֮ʯָĵطֱӴԽִ
һѹʱ򣬲ŷԼѾұɽĵ֮С
ǽȴоǳĲӦΪоصĹʼųҪųռ䡣
Ͼ֪Լǳɾɣ磬ǣעӡ
Ӳ˵ǣ֪Լֻ꣬硣
֮ڣصԼ֮ڣԼ¾ֻйˡ
㲻׼ˣ׼ֱٴʯָصȥʡʲô©
ԸΥһǣʯָȴʯָûκεķӦֻһ˿˿ķɢЩͲ֧Խ֮ȥ
ЩˣѵԼҪǰ
ҪһشԽִûдǰѱÿչһηһصģҪ벹²ôס
ΪѣҵʱͻȻֻ֮һ˿⣬һļϡ
һСϾһϲɫΪһԼܹİ취
ǾԼ⵽СޣΪԼʦʱƾʦҲܹԼ
֮Ҳҵ飬ϽĴЩС
һԵĸоԼԭǰӵˡ
ǰʱȻĳʦ֮ϣֻǸо
һֻǰȴоλʦĵ֮ϣɢ޾ϣϺУ޾άĳЩڲĹ
ֲǰЩ겻ҿˣԭԭ
һӵĹˣСĵ㰸ǰ֮ԱߵĴȼ¯֮ϣڵأߵͷͬʱ
ʦϣһĥѣΪ̣ʦ󷢴ȱͨõתΣΪ
˵ʱһ֣ǸС޾С
񣬽ؿ·У鱾УʥͥзΪ󣬼ٽ٣Ԫʦаħ˲Ρ
ڤڤеĹͽٵԣ֮ʼȡڲķ
ⷨĿֻоԼһĿ飬ȥԼҪ˸ˡ
ǷزԼҪֹͣѾˣֻǿ͡
ãҪֲסʱǹɹͣ˶ž͹ЮеĽʧ
һ͵Žˡ
ΪʾԼʦĹȻ֮ǰκεĶ
ôһֱСʱͻȻʦͬʱųһ˿ĹâЩâܿ뵽ڡ
âѸٵ޲ЩԪͬʱղĵķҲʼٵĻָ
޾Ĺ֮ٴν٣ֱӾͽ꣬뿪
ȵٴηӦʱѾһ֪Ŀռ֮С
ռ֮ڣ޴Ĺš
ų޾⣬ȴֲҫۣ˿ֻ֮Ҹ
㿴龰Ͼ֪ǰӦþʦĻˡ
Ϊֶ֣ǱӰǲɼӵġ
ʦΪ˷ԲָԱݡ
ڵأҲ˵оףʦѾ֪⡣
⵹֮ͨĹܹӦʥģΪһռڤڤĸоʱ޿̲ʦ˼ά
ڸоԼһƤļһһж¶ʦע֮¡
ʱұߵλʦͻȻڡ
ҵѾ֪㲻غ£صģ㣬κ˶ܶҡֻ֣Ҫӽ֮СĽҲ޶ֻ
˵֮ʦ͸ԷŹ⣬ȻЩâ㼯һ䵽֮ڡ
Щʼˢڵʣһ˿ʼ뵽ʯָ֮С
㻹ûзӦǰһڽٴηԭѾصұĵ
ص֮Ͼ;òԾˣΪߵʱոôˣ
̾ƮԼԷֻһϰŵһ¡
ԭֻǸ֪ĿռһСʵѾʱ䡣
һԼѾͷҪٲȥ¾Ҫ
ϴ˻ȥĸһ˵뷨ȻʼӴʯָ
һʯָǳո̽ͷų޾Ĺ򣬰ס꣬һʧռ䡣
ȵٴ۾ʱԼѾԼ֮ԡ
ѾĿݏCۿžҪ࣬ˡ
ʱҲҵһˣȻȵٴѹʱǸоԼһ
˴ʱվûˡ
ΪϾֻɣûгɾɣ벻ʳҲ޷ٹȡ
ڲʳʱʱ죬Ѿ˲ˡ
̫Ͼ֮ͽҲֻܹ죬οʮǧ
ûа취ڵûжˣֻǲԼµĹ֣ȥУԼһЩʳ
ϰյʧʱҲûа취ֲˣֻԼָ֮һһЩİһЩ
ͷһ㻳еĿ̷ųһ򣬽žʹӿй֡
ֿɲƽħ㾭ʱҽȡڤڤ־ƶɡ
ոյõЩ֮ͨ󣬺֮£Ƶ˲еֻ
ҪǲõطѺ»ҰȻڤڤйͨʮģţʣλ併һ˿ֻͨǿ԰˽Ǯơ
֮ԼȻ˵ƶǻԾһֱڿ֮С
û뵽ó
ǰɽ£ΪȡЩʳǲɶյǮơ
̾һת磬ٵɽƮȥ
ֻǵ˰ʱ·ɻصܣ֮󼸸¶
ʱиһӣл׷оˮʳ¾Ʋˡ
һǴϲȻҲ˲ʲôˣֱӾʹȡʳʼĴ


404 
˵Ժ˵֮޾γΰĴڣһֳ
мλܳĬ˺ðΣŶһԵ˵
һηŵ˹ˡ
ǹ磬ɾλϾͺضܹΪӣλ⣬ȷʵѾˡ
ֵǸʱüͷɱ
ӣҪıֵıһؿɲܷŹǡ
мλˣĵ˵ͷȻ˵ˣĻ˿ǡ
˵ʱӻȡһö⣬վ׳ȥˡ
ö˲γȣʼԶԾֻգ۵Ĺһȫǽγ֮С
γѾûʱռ䣬Լʹֻ࣬ʣĴȱ
γ֮̾ͱ޾Ĵȱ赲ýֺ
öȴЯ޾ϣͨЩâ޷ֹĿ
ôһ£Ѿھܷ֡
λܻ࿴˿һֳ࣬һ΢Ц
ʦ֣һصĴ٣ҵȲ̽ȥδųⳡӣöԷˡ
ˣû뵽һصĽĿֲȻǣ֮ҵҲֻ˳ƶΪ
ʦַģһǶģһλǰǸô죿
ô죿һһЩôԻһε
ĺУ˵仰ָ֮ǰһ㡣
յά֮У̾ͳһͨǸ⾹Ȼ˲͵ǰ
һ̾ͷ⣬Ťܿͱһ˵ģ
мλ߼˳֣վʩ
ƶɮֵܼ̹ϡ
ԭĴ˲ˣǵеһ񣬵̿ٵ֮ΪϹ̹ϡ
ԪʼҲԭʼԪʼڻ֮ǰ̫֮ȣԪ֮ʼԪʼ
ԪʼʱͻȻԲ⣬ʮɫάȵľ֮УĹ򶼷˱仯
ԭʼһ棬ͻȻ֮ȫޣֻʣ翵
Щռ俪ʼչƮܿľͰάȵһΪС
Ǹ΢ЦĺУüͷȻǰһҪ֡
ͻȻֱ֮۱סˡ
лͷһԭʦҡҡͷȻ˵һزӳǷ֮ϣƢҲӦá
ʦֵĻвǿסŭݣվصʦֵԱߡ
ʱԭʼҲ֮УʱӦ̾Ľ˱
Ԫʼ𻺻ڱ֮ϣȻϵ˫۶ǰС
λ֣ѵ֪жⷽĹؼСʧ󡣡
Ǹĺ΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻ˵ƶɮϲܣû뵽oȻĸȾ֮
Ȼǻλ߸ϽƳ󻼣ȻĻһ֮λ¾Ҫʧˡ
̹ϴ˵ƶɮ£ỵ˴¡
ԭʼ֮󣬵˵ͷȻͻȻ֮ϾͷųĹ㣬ЩܿƮɢܣʧ
ٿʱԭʼѾӰλҴǰֻһˡ
ڰе£Ǹλ񣬽ű㿪ʼȻͿԽάȣ뿪ռ䡣
ȵȫʧ֮ǸЦ˵һòˣжҲӦõȵɾͷӣǸʱҲ١
ĺе˵ͷȻ˵עûа취Ϊһķӡ
˵ʱĺл̾һ
ʮֵĿùֱһЩȵǸĽⷽǷʱƾ˹£ԳΪ֮λ
ʱĹȫȫķˣ͵ûʲôϸˡ
ǸʱƾŹ£㷢ƿأҲûа취ˣֻǷһЩ˾ǡ
ⷽǸؼʱ̣Ҫ·ˣʱɲܳκεĲӣĻʥ֮Ҳ
ĺεĿ˿Աߵʦܣ˵ǲܾϣϿǰȥľɢʶ±ƣҲ
Цĺ΢΢һͷȻ͵ľͲӰٴγֵʱѾ˹ľ֮С
ȫϢͺЩǰľһûзǳǿķ
ھŽĹ֪һʥѾľ˵
λɮȺ֮УŹĽ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
ȻɵãǻԵ񣬶̶̵ʱͳɾʱ򽲾˵Ҳмأ⣬ֻҪٳһʱ䣬ɾأߵҲڻ¡
ϧ컯Ūˣոյõ־Ҫ¼ˡ
뵽ʱʥͻȻһ⣬˼ʲô⡣
ԭλʥ˻Ƕ֮ģ뿴һǳķźʹ䡣
ԼΧ֮ڣһλҵĺ֮㡣
ֻλʥˣĻ˻䣬žһ޵ͻȻٵϡ
ĻᶼûУͱꡣ
û˹꣬Ǳڹڵһ˿Ҳʼµĸգܿľͽӹ˹
ֻһ£Ȼͽſʼ±ߵλûзǵѾˡ
ʱʥˣѾһâĹ
ϧֿһھĹһ˾ʧⷽάȡ
λʥԽάȣܿľʹ»ص롣
żĿռ䣬Ǽʵ飬һҲޡ
λʥ׼һ͵ǰһٳֵʱѾ»صǴȱĿռ֮С
Ǹĺпʥһۣ֮еĹ
ʦһĿЩðˣҪһس˲ӣ»ԷŲԹʱҷŲ
λʥȴʮ԰ҡҡͷ˵ʦ⻰ӣʲôɱԹأķΪ˹𣬶Ҳһְ˵ãʱҪǷǷŵء
ĺ̾˿ҡҡͷ㴹˫Ŀ
λɮ˶ԼʦֵƢӦǷǳ˽⣬Ҳֻ򣬺ܿľͽάȵ
֮һ̾ͳһͨͨߣȻС
ʥָһеĹͽͨȻûһ֮вӰ


405 
ʱոյĳԱ㣬һãԹĶӣһͷԵʹһΡ
Ҫ»ؾǿ֮ʲôµʱ
Ȼ֮޾ά֮УϤĸӦһγ֡
һָоһϲΪָо֮У֪Լ¿˹
һس˼ԣɲóȻľ֮У˭֪һǲѾʧصĹеִ
ֻҪԼһľ̾ͻᱻءһڵĳԵ
ȻԼȥôٻԼǰӦǿԵģһھ֮еĹ̾иӦȻ˾ܿλıԵ
ʱ򣬱Ϊᱻⷽ赲ǵ˰Ҳ֡
Ҳûмĵȴȥ֮⣬ĸ
ʱĹΪάȷı
ҲֻʵʿߣԲܹĿӡ
㿴ˣͷһǹǰһˣȻͺΪһ塣
ʱһθоԼޱߣͬʱڤڤкⷽһ˿ĸӦ
ԭⷽıԵڽһճ־õĴսǵλڲͣѰһᣬ͸ⷽ硣
ҲΪⷽû˼Ľ١
һϲ쿴˫ϲš
һϲ£ǾԼĵĹ֪Ϊʲôԭ»صԼƿ֮С
ڶϲ£ѾסӽԺͿ޼ɵʹùһĸĶ֣
㻹֪͹Ϊһʱ㹦ǳ֪ǹ޾ΰڵѾɨһ顣
ⷬٶ;ھеնɴȺ
նɴȺЩжǳ˳ܿľͿĳãһܻΪʵۡ
һȡŻʳ˵ٶȿ࣬ûи˶١
Ϊһȡ˵ٶȻˣǣǸ˳֮еӣûзŻǸӵĺ˽ˡ
һڹʦк˼ʱͻȻоһɽϱһǰδеơ
֮£һֻϼ˾һһ˿˿ķ
ɲ⵽λܳھ
ͻȻָֻо֮Уһ۹Լ
УնɴȺͲûκεܡ
նɴȺǳĻ飬Ŀ뿪Լʱһʹվ֮Ҳ˴кֱӾʹܳ˹ʦԶɳ۶ȥ
ʱҲоնɴȺԶҪͨǰȥ׷ϣͻȻֻⷽ͵ĽٿȻǿеİ͹뿪
֮󣬹ͱ߳ⷽ硣
ǺڵֱţҪԼղŲһʱã̾ͶֵĻնɴȺһӲԼġ
ںҲˣԹ̾ʱͻȻֻоԼеǿŽתٶȾȻȻȻڵ֮С
仯ǳĳԾΪԼʲôӣϽϥ˵Ľ֮ϡ
ոսӴϵĽ𵤣ǽ̾ʹһĵʶȫ˵֮ڡ
ʱ˻˯֮У־ʼƮɢ޷С
εԼ֮ߣȻǿ޾Ĵˮûͷ
ֿԼֳˣ˶иԵʶܻĽԵô档
ȻָоĽǮǰȡ
ûеӽǮĿѹֳһʹ֮УΧŮġ
ǮɫԼʳջ£ĳѾˣֻȥʹٵҲá
ʶԽԽϾҪʧʱϵʯָһηˡ
Ȼһ̹⣬Ȼһ޾лѹ
Ȼ˵ˣһֵĻ֮С
ֻ㱷ǳ֣Ȼ㲻˼飬ıȴڤڤе֮⡣ʹһһһ˼һ붼
ĵ֮Уֳһ⣬ʶҲܵڤڤеͶ뵽֮С
ΪһʱǵеĽ𵤱͵ؿʼ޾ʼڲѹ
ЩѹʶںΪһ塣
ڽǳ׵ѹѹ֮󣬲ŷȻסԼĵ֮С
ʱѾԭȵӣǱһֺСޡ
Լ޵飬㲢еκεΣֻСһָ죬һָأǰĽ̾ɼƬȻС˳ľµֱееֱϵڶŴܵ谭
Сֻ͵ǰһܣʹĶģɳ⡣
С޷ɳ֮󣬱һ̾ͿʼֻͣǼĹͱڵӡ
ʱͻȻоǰֻܹʶ̽ĸάȣǰ¶ӰֻҪԼһܹƾЩͬά֮С
ٽоӴķʼۡ
ֻһʱ̣Ǳ翵ԭ񣬾Ϊʵ壬һʵһ
ԭԪۣɾ͵ˡ
ղŵ͹Ϊһ壬Ȼ˵ܿľͱⷽϣõ洦ҲǷͬСɡ
ǹλ֮ϣԶԶĳɣ֮УҲǵλ
ȫڣȻǾԭ㻹޷֪еİֻһ۰צµĺۼ÷ǳ
ԪԵһȻ㻯һ磬´Ӷ뵽֮С
΢΢һЦһøԼնɴȺҲ
ҪٴǰǵʱͻȻǰһ̫ࡣ
̫ǳϤ˳»ʵۣ̫඼վ˳»ʵԵġ
Ȼ˵㲻֪̫֣ҲԿ̫˳»ʵĸеĸ
ڿλ̫ǳղͻȻֵһ£Ͳڵܹʩչġ
㾯һȻһʵϹ·˵أ
ҲҲۼרǰѰҸߵġ
Ŷѵǻּ⣿
ˣ˵ǲڻѾܾӻ꣬øնɴȺ
ԷĻ룬ȷʵӦԼҲ뿪֮Ǿ֮лʲôֵܵնȴȺ
ǲ֪Ǻ⣿
ʵٴγɽʱɣѵնɴȺĶ𣿡
ᵽɡоһ̫ѵǸղһֱǱԱߣԼɵһ


406 
̫࿴㾯΢΢һЦȻ˵ͻƵɣдյģûػһֻҲǰ߻ħ
˶ԷĽͣȫţڸոճɾ͵ɣûȫͳԼķͨʱܺͶԷЦ˵Ǿллػˡ
Ӧ֮壬ұϾͬƳҲӦá
˼̫֮ڰѻµص˶ԸնɴȺϡ
ǵôҪ֪նɴȺǹͬĵˣҪôȥ³͢ͻ߸ʱͿ̿
˵仰ʱ̫۾һ˿⣬˵ֻҪӦ³֮󣬻ϴӦΪʦ
һ£ԼնɴȺѾǵжԵĹϵԼµĶԸնȴȺҲŹԼЩ˵նȴȺˡ
˵϶֪֮ôܹɣȥʱ䣬ʲôʱ֪ͨһ
ʹ죬ūҾһһȥ˻ϣʱ֪ͨ
˵仰̫תҪ뿪θոƮҪԽάȣͻȻͣ
еʦúͼСͽܶѾնɴȺץģڼ֮УѾ´㣬ǲʲôί
һû뵽նɴȺСۣԼһ֮󣬾ȻСŹ
ǾͶлˡ
̫˵ͷǰһξͿԽάȣʧǰ
վֱ̫ȫʧ
Ȼžǵķ˼
նɴȺֳôĶѵûкԼľûΣ
Լƿ˹йԼĺܣӦλ棬ʲôΣա
֮¶İ͢նɴȺڴս֮ҲҪСģΪնȴȺӦûĺ֡
ҲûȥСɽϴһÿԼոճɾ͵ĵ֮
ȻǰȥȡЩʳЩĵҲңڡ
һ糿ɽ֮ϣų̫³֮
йһʱͻȻֻռһƣŴӲп
ֳΣûд㣬ֻվ￴й
˺һ̫ȽȽ𣬳֮ʧһվ
ղйؼʱ̣λõˡ
ҵȲոյ˵Ͼõȶ֡
˵㻹ϤһֱǸ̫ࡣ
һˣɫȴǳĲÿԭǸ
һҪӣҲǿסǸնɴȺҲỵء
ȻҲ֪ԼһЩصһֱվ̫࣬Ĭ
̫ҲоշǳΰϽĴԲ˵Ҷѣǰ¾͹ȥˣҪսΪ͢˴󻼡
㲻Ըص˵ͷڻǴΪأûбҪڹȥϹڵľˡ
ӵͷǿ˵ˡ
⼸ĬоЩͷڵɵȻࡣ
̫ҲǵͷȻ˵ҲоЩԾûһ˿ľ磬Ȼʼɶ
Щֲǵʲô˼ѵ᲻Ǻ
̫֪Ǹոսɾ磬Ըæĸ͡
նɴȺǰʱѾǵе̳ϸ΢ı仯סͻһΰٳ߸ͷһֲþͻɾɣʱ͸ѶԸˡ
֮ҲǴһ飬̫ĵʿǳпϣնɴȺǹǻԵǳֲܹƾһεĻᣬɾ硣
ȻǾ͵øϽ֣ʡõʱͻƾ磬ǰĹ׷ѡ
˵ǣҲ飬ھǰȥΧǸնɴȺ
̫˵֮ѯ۹⿴˿㡣
Լıạ̃ɵ˹򡣡
̫¶΢Ц
ȻˣūҾǰߴ·
˵仰֮͵ξԾȥ¾ͳһڰգȻ󻯳ֱǡ
ҲʾһӾʹ߹ˣһű顣
űһǰһʼ仯Σܿͻһֻ
׷̫ȥˡ
ҲæȡͶ䣬һҡǷͷξͱ˻ˣϻ˵ıֱǡ
ɳУƷǳĺƴ󣬾еİԶԶľͿ֮ʣϼ졣
ͨϰնҲֻǵƣڹʦУǸոջĹʦնɴȺȴôˡ
ŷ΢΢ЦЦȻԵĴͽ˵ҪͶȥ׼һһҪĸʧ
ĴͽʦĻϽ˳
նȴȺһµȻƮ˰֮УŷųĹסնɴȺ
Ȼն֧оͼԦ˹ʦ˵İ֮С
⣬ҲնɴȺնɴȺǰʮɵľͣ
նȴȺһоĵͷȻˡ
˺£ĪҪ¾Ļ¾ǰԼ䣬Ǽٻ󡣡
նɴȺǸЩһ
ЩΪԼһֱܹѹնȴȺһζŷ֣նɴȺľ̫ˣһ־ڶԷǰ˸ͷսѣЯŻѣ˵ֱܴ衣
һΪ˰ʵնɴȺҲ˺ģڻ֮вϧ·ϣ̫ʵ۵Ĺ餣ȡһ飬ΪܹնȴȺһÿ
ҰУò֪ߣ϶ɽʦ㸮ۡû뵽ǸӣȻҷˡ
ӷƶɮƽȣֺ֮˵
Աߵ㿴̣ʮֵû˼Ѿ˴ĵزˣʲô
ٶ˵ˣϽְ飬Ҳòҷ
˵Ķԣүغɿ֮һ֣
̫˵֮ȵĹֻ֣ͻȻ˿ռ֮Уʧǰ
ȵٴγֵʱѾԽնɴȺµĽ⣬նɴȺ
նɴȺûз̫һȻȵ֮ϡ
̫ȴûκε⣬Ϊ֪նɴȺƴȫһ룬ֱնɴȺͷ­ȥ


407 ս
̫е֮ûжʵȻⶫ̫࣬ʮ޿۳ɵġ
̫ȻУɳɵ
˲봦ʵ֮һά֮С
Ϊ벻ʱ֮Уʱκεı޷סֻҪǱбضɾѪ
̫༸ʮһֱⱦСĵأͷͻȻʹԷһϲ
ڵ˻ʳͷҶԵеҲǵΪĴ֣̫Ҳڲ׾ʹ
նɴȺҲЩˣΪƾԼĽɾͣκαҲ˲Լֺ
һûеֵȴǳĲ̫еĽ֮Ѹٵľʱյļз֮УȻƾŹ֮һ˲͵նɴȺͷ­
ʱնȴȺƾͬĸӦҲоЩԣæĶѾЩˡ
Ǳ֧ϸۡ
ֻôһնȴȺ͸оԼϵоȫݣϵѪⶼʼٵĻΪѪӿǸ֮ϡ
⻹ҪģҪǾݾȻʼԽۣʼȫӡ
նɴȺҲǸˣֱֶ̧Լۣһ¡
նɴȺĶӦ䡣
նɴȺԼ۵ʱҲûЪš
ʱһԼıǰɽʶȻЮķ͹͵ؾնɴȺײȥ
ҲûʾĶԽµﴵ˿
ֻŤžͻһȻҲצŽķɽֱնɴȺ
ŽӶĹնɴȺЩջˣԴӳɽûܹôĳ衣
ǵϽţȻ㿪ʼ
һأɲһκǴζֱ̣ͳɼʮ̡
һ峤ֹͣ͡
Ǻһβͬǣһȫǻƽ߲ͣʱһ⡣
˵ǳǿ죬նɴȺһظոʩ귨ñԼĽѾǰ
ֻǲ֪ʲôԭⱦͽնɴȺһɵľʱҲ޷ǰֺ
նɴȺȻĴȱԼ֣Լ֮£һĨоͳһֻ
ֻԼѾ˵һ塣
ĿɿڴͷˣֻնɴȺۣʼۿɼٶȻָ
ʱնɴȺ̫࣬նɴȺһ֣ҲЩԾ
ΪԼǷǳ˽ģϿֻһ˵Ѫ
ʵУͻһⲿֵ꣬û֧ţıҲ޷ָ
ڵնɴȺȴĹֻССһ֦ۻָ
վԶ龰ģһһϢľ棬һγʶ֮С
һζԸնɴȺ׶༪١
ʹһҲˣΪնɴȺ׵ٶҪһβˣٹһʱ䣬֣ҲնɴȺǰ߹һаʽ
Լ׼飬ǿʵϲı˶Ҫᡣ
ⱦ֣ԸնɴȺЩյġ
һԶĽֻ̾ͷ˱仯ԭȵ忪ʼʧȻһѪһĶ
ʼնɴȺȥ
նɴȺһ֪бҲǼԼˡ
ֻ˸ո޸֣Ʈһơ
һĳ̾ʹΧķƱɫ޾ȫų⿪ֻһȥ
Ѫ񲢲£ȻǿնɴȺ
ɫƺײһ𣬽žͷһ֨֨֨֨ԭиʴԵģƵķȻǿһסҲʼıȾ
ûжĹԭɫƾͱð߲壬ȫҰףʧ˿С
վԱߣ۾ɵôģڳʱ׼նɴȺһ
նɴȺѪȥԼķЩ㶵ʱ䣬͵Ծѡ
ֻ֮͵ĳ˰ɡ
ǰͬǣǰʩչȻǿ󣬵ȴ뿪ذ벽
һʩչأƮ˰֮У֮һֻӥһնɴȺ
Ա߿ǰɵնɴȺֻһߣǰֱǸС޶㲻ϣӦûᱻֵ
ڰеȴûκεɵı飬Ǳأ۾ĶնȴȺ
նɴȺٴʩչ˷صͨҲЩצ
ͨһ̹ˣʱСʿɣȻͨԼĽ
һȴһСʿԼĸоӦǳɾ˵ɣԵ֮ʩչأӦһ¥ԼĲܺӲƴ
նɴȺĹǿʼֻһµ͵ĵתȻɿдȥ
Ȼ˵Ӵ󣬵ȴһҲʧһ֮̽һţʲôȵһɿմȥҪ׷նɴȺ
նɴȺڸ߿֮У۵Ŀ׷¶һ˿Цһġ
ЯĹͷŷһɫ޴ƣȥ
ɽһѹҲʾ˫ȭŷĽɫƾ˹ȥ
ûܽǵѹĿ
ƾӬһֱӾͰ˵ϡ
ǵ֮ʩչصͨ˵ûʲôҪġ
һԵæҵջԼı顣
ԭղŵһ±ϿռϷ磬ѪնɴȺ۵ĽɫƸȥ
ʵ͸ոôһ£;ԼķһһͣѪӿȥȵѪȥǽɫƣķҲȥ㡣
Щòʧ
㱻նɴȺ򵽵µʱ̫һγնɴȺ󣬽ȻǸնɴȺĺġ
նȴȺԹһĿ֪ⶫǳӲӣһµ
ǱһٴηŹ⣬ǺǰŵĹâͬ
һرĹâȻȻǽɫģɫȴЩУһ˿ͷ׵ɫ
ͷ֮Уͽﲻͣ
նɴȺҲʼʩչ汾ˣ֮
Щֻۣ֮Ҫݵʲô£ôնȴȺʲô¡
֮뵽֮УնɴȺҲʼƮ
ôһ˲䣬ǻնɴȺ


408 ս2
ԸΥǣ뻮ֻһӰ봩Ӱ֮תһȦʧάȣٴγֵʱѾ̫С
̫ջ룬Ҳͣٴʧ
Ҳոյʧоһ嵽ط̽ڵⷽռȫķס
ҿ̫ӵĿ죬ҪȻôһ£ͻᱻάȵļз֮˳ʱֻҪնɴȺһָҪ
նɴȺҲһγ˿С
ǸҲˣʲôˣֱӾͼ˱飬͵նɴȺײ˹ȥ
һزֳⱦֻⱦ֮ռʱ䶼ݡ
ҴΧʼٵⱦ㼯ֱⱦ⣬γһɫĹ֡
ⱦɿĽӽնɣȺնɴȺɫ
ΪⱦǰʹԽάȣҲӲⱦĺɱ
նȴȺ̾һȻ֮վ͵һˣȻһġ
̾תȦģǱײȥ
նɴȺҲǷһֱΪıƽʱնȴȺҲֻ
һص˽ҪͷҲòȫֳܶˡ
Ȼ˵ɿĽӽײı飬ǱȴˣǱ֮ǷƱɫȴϢ
ײһ
áꡱһնȴȺȻǱһ顣
ǱҲûе˺ãϵĹâҲȥһɴ»صС
ӹ˱飬۵Ŀ˿ȴֱֻߵķϢʼȥ
һȻ˵ⱦЩ˱ԴֻҪԼĶָܹ
ԶնȴȺȴһˣôǻˡ
վԶ龰һЦȻһڿն𣬰ɵһնɴȺȥ
նȴȺҲüͷŭɫҲٶܣ͵ǰһܣһײС
µնɴȺȻײȥⲻͶ𣿿ǽϣôȻնɴȺֻһĽײ˳ȥ
նɴȺ֣һԽ׷֮־ץĽϡ
ȻþֱӾһΰȥ
һͬؽܵĽӴƤ񣬵Ҳûʲôˡ
ǻûӵվնȴȺĽһγǰȻż͵üġ
֪߲ƣæ˫ǰȥֵ
һնɴȺǷ˻ˣѾóȫһӣ;ʹޱȣȻ񱻴ػһʼѹȥ
ʱҲҲվˡ
Σʱ̣̫һγնɴȺȻһγ֡
նȴȺͻϮòʱŹ㣬ȫ룬ɼⶫǶôļɵ
ոն˽һ棬ǿűһγǰ
һնȴȺûֵˣⱦصüġ
ڴΪһնȴȺڸ˵ʱնɴȺֻҡҡԴǱҵЩͷ裬žµļȥˡ
̫ʱҲæٴȥֵĻˣ˿¸նȴȺĶˡ
̫ҲЩڣѾʧ˳͢˵İֻһű飬Լô͹ֶͬԸնɴȺأ֪ǽĽӦôŻɽȵʱٳɽ١
նȴȺ̫ԼǰͣɵĲӬǳŭһεķʵ̫ˣնɴȺһʱû취
˲òһη˶׷ɱ·ɵ˰֮С
ʱǿĴӵվȻ̧ͷſеնȴȺжǿ־塣
ղô£ѾԼնɴȺĲ࣬ǵɵľ磬ƿطȣȴر
Լƾ跨ͨ󣬿¸ղǼԼѾ
ҲĸоԼصͨѾʼɢƣ¼ֲ˶೤ʱˡ
Ҳò˺ʲôѹ׵Ĺ򣬸ϽóĻûлˡ
ĻжףǸսɹǳѾֲסˡ
ҲٴնɴȺˣϽĸóԼѹ׵ı¡
ֻ̫࣬͵Ĵ֮ٴֳΣڵӺǰҲͬˡ
ԭǴüĿӣѾǻһſŵȮݣҰޣˡ
һνǱϵԼͷȻķʼӿ뵽ⱦ֮С
ǱҲı仯ⱦĸռʱȫ˵ǰ
ʱݹǰܵȫʧˡ
һŭ𣬡ɮ־ܣʱ
ٽеı˳ȥ
һⱦͷеٶȷǳ֮еʱͿռȫסɨһɲǣǱѾɢԵķͨȻⱦȴٴȹס
ǱһһնɴȺ
֪ղһʩչԼָģҲ˶ԷĺãڱնɴȺ֮Ҳֱ̤նɴȺȥ
Ǹ̫ͨĶնȴȺ˫ʲôһҲɵĺڹֱ֮նɴȺĺġ
նȴȺĹҲЩ£ΪǱǼʶģһؿҪǱסԼ²Ҳˡ
οǸӲԼ˼ȻûһҳҪٱס˻ᣬԼҲ߲ˡ
ˣնȴȺΨһľҴܣ˵Ĺ
նɴȺΣյĹͷھǵ·һ˸ȵʦҪĶˡ
žһŽɫķЮһʲôֱնɴȺ
ҴܵնȣȺһתֱǽȥ
зŵļҲɵӣرǸ̫ɵޱȡ
նȴȺ˵һ˲䣬ҲնȴȺȥΪףնɴȺôżӦһ̵ı
վһնɴȺٶҲ٣ˣ̫׷ϵһ˲ȡǽ⣬Ȼһԡ
̫ûеõŭǾͱ˵ˣ·Ǹ˵ʱ־һ
ǸնɴȺͶˣˣĴͽ档
Ҫ˵ҲʷǷѾɾɵʵ˲ãȻֻ̫࣬ôһĻûУͱѪĭ


409 
նȴȺҲûпΪԼͽܣץǽ⣬һη˰ա
նɴȺ֮УչеľԭһʥּնɴȺǿܻʵۣ¸նɴȺġ
ݾǣնȴȺԽûʳѹ¡
նɴȺõͻȻĹЦ
ԭǿܻʵ˳»ʵ۵ĵӣƽʱǲԲһһնɴȺʵΪۡ
նȴȺû뵽ǣʵ۾Ȼǻ֮ĻΪһڱΪʵ֮Ȼ˵С鶼նɴȺΪ׼ֻҪնɴȺҪʥּԼƻʳˣԸѡ
նȴȺΪոձһʵۣҲٰʵɱˣĻ¾ʹˣʱǶ˻ʳˣôдһˣҲ֧ŵɾ硣
նȴȺһֱͣһֱ˽ϣԼͽǰȥ˵ǿܻʵֻۣҪԼˣĸʱض٣ʱɲԼˡ
ȻԼǰʳ˹ҵ˥Ѿܻʵ۵ˣʥּ
նɴȺӹʥּ޾ĻʳˣʼϾۼնɴȺϵľҲʼ͵ϴܡ
˱ǰֹնɴȺģǣʱնɴȺӳ֣ԾȻһɹɣǰδеϡ
һֱѹ˲ܿ
ҧ׳Լı飬֪ĻˣȵնɴȺϣЩ˶ӲնɴȺġ
Ҳи룬ΪһڽʱΪģһ˴Ų߻ħϣԼôһ֣նɴȺܹģ
ǱЯƣѹʱͿռ䣬ٵնɴȺӽ
ǾǱҪնɴȺʱ֮ͻȻһ˿ķ򣬽ⱦ鶨˰֮С
˶֮ˣһӾôˣ
һҡ
նɴȺնɴȺҲСˡ
࿴˿Ȼɳ۶ȥҲˡ
ǾɳȥʮصʱնɴȺͻȻ۾
Ͼðһ֮콵𻨣ӿ
ףⷽһλɵĵ
һķĽи֣ı⡣
ʱնɴȺԼֻ֣֮УһӲдĽ
նȴȺ΢΢һЦȻ󽫽ʳǷһס
̾ʹ˻ʳǷȻڻʳǵϷ
նɴȺһνʳˣǽɣĵ̫ˣʳҲֲ˶೤ʱ䡣
նɴȺоⷽضʼų⣬ųԽԽ֮뿪Ļݡ
ʱҲˣԼӦܹܿĽ
뵽ʱնɴȺԶȥȶϵľ㡣
Ϊʲôأһոճɾ͵ɣԸΪס˱룬ʲôѹ׵ıԼȻɾɣҲӦСĽȻ﷭˴˭˵ȥ
նȴȺһնȴȺʧ˵أڳֵʱѾ
ҲŵһΪնɴȺǼʶģͨиֽͨ
ͨҲͨĿķгľ磬ӶԼзеľܣԼȥĵطֻҪһһܷеʮһʱ
նɴȺɣɾ޺֮ʱõһͨ
֪֮ΪǰٻʱҲʶͨ
ʱݲЩֻ뱣סԼС
Σʱ̣ҲòʩչԼѹ׵Ĺˡ
ֻһھ֮еĹ̸ӦȻҲͨһ˲λıԵ
λԵʱ򣬾ͱⷽ赲Ҳⷽ硣
ûа취㼱æٴζǹ̷ֳһλȥ
ǺǰͬһصȻٴηų򣬽ķ赲
ôһɵĹѾնɴȺС
նȴȺ΢΢һЦ֮˵ϣ˴ʱʲôҪ˵
˵ʲôֻƴ
ȻзնɴȺУȴһֱͣȸҲѲơ
ʱҲѾˣҲ˲ùܲˣֱӾʹӻȡ˿һӡ
ֻնɴȺȥ
նȴȺĹ֣һӷ𡣡
նɴȺ£ͳĹ⻪Щ⻪ЩֵϣЩϵԹ̾ʧ
ȻЩһʧȥǣƵĹ֣ɫ꣬ͷŵƺҲʧ
ЩѾָǵĹնɴȺ
Ǿʧռ䡣
㻹ʲôͨʩչɡ˵⻰ʱնɴȺһ˿թ
ΪһٻǾȻλϣǷȴܵⷽѹƣƾԼ޺֮ټϷķˣӦܱԼ
ʱ֪նɴȺʲôƴϵλ֮ĹϿǰԮ
赲䲻Ҳ
Σʱ̣ͻȻ֮άȵɹ⡣
̾ͻɵļ
һǶŸֱʯ⡪⣬ԪʼִƵĵڶ󷨱ԪʼʱҲ칦鱦֮һ
һһͼ⻭ɽУӵһͼء
һѱѱɫģҲ֪ʲô쾹ȻЩ͸ģ˵ʵİɣнĹ
λΧ쵽̾ͷ˸Ӧ֮ʼ赲ĵ
Ƿһעеϣù˿ɳ֮
˹һԽǷ׹ȥ
ⷽȻû֣Χһ㱡Ĥ赲ŹĽ롣
ǹײ˼ΣҲûнⷽ磬ڽʱ
޾άУַɹһŽӡ
һ˲˹ͷȻŶ룬˹ʶ֮С
ʱĹֻԼͨ޾Ĺչǰ
ղŻ˵᲻ɴݵǸĤڹֱٳ
΢΢һЦһǱĤײȥһκͱĤײһʱǹһ治ͣĴ󣬺ܿľҵһ뵽λ֮С


410 ѹ
һϾ͸Ӧλãֱ֮㡣
ʱնɴȺУѰ
նɴȺҲɱ㣬Ǳŷʩչͨĥ㡣
˵ʵûֿܹ࣬ˣͰնɴȺ뷨ٻˡ
ڸӦ֮Уһֱ赲λ֮⣬ý룬һʱҲûа취
նȴȺȴ֪һѽһֱΪԼͨˣԶǱ䱾
οնȴȺڳɾɣһЩ֪ͨطûһĹͱĥòҽĶˡ
ѾĻ䣬ҪѵʱͻȻ֮оѾ뵽磬һǸעǿ롣
ı仯ҲնɴȺ˸ʵҲһϲֻҪķԼ併
ǸʱԼλֲԼٽһء
˶¶ϲ֮ɫʱͻȻĹʢ
ǰͬǱ˹䣬еǰԩĹ¸Ҳӡ
֮о͸һӰӣӰԽԽ󼸺նռˡ
Ľ٣⸽еķ򶼿ʼ仯͹Եķ򣬱ų⵽ߣͲҿ
ͬΪ׽ķȴεڹܣΪź
ʱնɴȺҲ˲Ծٵƿɱǰöࡣ
ȫһΣʱֻǽӡ
ʱĹȻѾ٣ȴоķ֮УһЩ޵ѹƣǶǣơ
ǰʱʱĹҲܷ޺֮Ϊɵļޡ
⻹ΪնɴȺ޺֮λˣҪǰǵɵļޡ
ʱĹʶ֮һӣӲͣķķŹͬʱΪṩԴԴϵĶΪֵų֮
Ϊܹȫͨ
նȴȺ֪һԼ´ˣһӸоӦúһһ˵ʵȴ֮
ǱˣϽӰɣһþ뽫Ȼѡ
ǹôԼԼǰֻĿһۡ
һͨٵϾҪϣնȴȺ;һڿʱѾ˹֮ϡ
նɴȺǰʮֵŭȴκεԹԡ
նɴȺҲԵĸоܵķѾȫĺ뿪ʩչҲ˹֮
ӵĻֻƾűķͨѣĻٶȿ϶ǰ˵ֱûʲô
ȻɴնɴȺҲˣȻ֮ϣԶʩһȻʵ֪ԺηΪҪϣ
նɴȺһۣȻзš
ӷСô˴󵨣ΪѴˣ
˻ӣƶɮڴ˽𷨣˽յͨСŴƶɮΪѣ谭𷨣ȻħƶɮҪˡ
ҡҡͷҲٺնɴȺϻֻ̧ԼƣȻ͵ľնɴȺѹȥ
նȴȺʱ͸оӭһӴѹ̧ͷһŵǻɢ
Ϊͷϣ֪ʱѾһɽɽֱԼѹ
նȴȺҲ˲ˣԶȥѲѣҲ˲ˡ
նɴȺٶȿ죬Ҳ첻ɽѹٶȡ
նɴȺֻӳʮͱϣȻֱӱѹɽ¡
ҲҿնɴȺɾ޺֮ټĽޱȣûбѹʹҲѹö
նɴȺ֮ѾûٷˣϽ֣ԼԶԶĶ㡣
֪ˣŹƶɮӽԺ뿪ܹҲʩˡ
ɾ޺֮Բȣĸ޷ҷζӽԺڴĥԣһҲһԵ
˵֮ͲնɴȺתͷٿ¡
һ̫ˣѾûһƤǺõˣҾҲʼѾ˻֮С
һ£ȻɵöŭĿ±ߵնɴȺһۣ֮ԡ
ܿһð׳ٵĽ£Ȼʩ
ɽɽ񣬼
ӽԺ㸺𿴹նɴȺÿιͭ裬˱ˮ
˵仰֮󣬹ʹʧˡ
ɽɽķԸҲһĺ
ȻնȴȺѾ޺֮н໤ÿˮͭ裬¶˵Ҳǲ˵ĳͷ
Ҳ֪޺ôģӴӽԺûкùӳˡ
̾һһҡߵնɴȺǰ˵ʦԺһʱ䣬ҪһΪˣϣʵ㣬Ҫ鷳
ҪǰĻնȴȺῴСɽһۣڿɲһˣѹһɽиֵķѹڵķʱСɽҲõͷ
񲻱صģƶɮ֪Щ¹ʡ
ɽ˵ͷȻ˶ڸһСʯݣȻס˽ȥӽԺնɴȺҹҹһնɴȺܹѣҲܽ¡
Ҫ˵ɽҲǸ£ҲûкôΪɽֻ֣ҪѹնɴȺɽУôʹû֮ҲȶԼ壬ٵĽ
˵֮У֮ռϵͷ𷨣Ȼͱһͨеģ
첽Ľ˾֮󣬺ܿҵڵۡ
ʱڻǿһˣΪʦöѾԼİ˸ͽܶѾնɴȺץȥˣĳӣҲһɢ
ȵ֮ȴۺܵϴһõĶˣ⾩ǵİҲеô
̾һȻ֮С
ﻹòûܵϴ٣ҲΪǼɵǹoԲ
ǹ·֮һʦһ
Ȼ÷𷨹Ժеǿӣžӿ
ʮֵƽǰһ־ͷӿ
ӿѾήĸСľȻ漣·ɫ
ĵ㣬ȻʼۿɼٶȻָ
ȵָʱʼ͸ʶ֮С


411 
͸ʶ֮еķʼ£ʶѾЩɢʶ֮ǿеĽΪһ壬͵ʶн˯ԭ֮С
˴ʱĴѹ
ȵ۾һ۾ͿϥԶĹ
ȻڹѾһӣΪ㣬ֻһ۱ǰʲôˣ
žһӹԺ֮д
һѾǰ֪նɴȺѾѹ
˴ʱԵһһεĽǹȥˡ
ͿʼԼʲôôˡ
ԭǶôһˣֻ֪ϰŬ°ؼźţżĹѾԽԽϤĶǣΪԼǰ󱼲ˡ
һնȴȺѹ۹ӦΪ׹ʱǻʵһԼӷͣԼھ֮ٻ󣬻ǻصȥǱһ⡣
ں˼ʱͻȻֻĹһ䣬ǿӾʹʶ֮зɳʧˡ
ûӵѹ͸оԼķʼⷽѹƣһɹų֮ܣӣܿͻᱻų硣
ò˵ͷԼĴݵĹȥ
Ҳûʲô취Ҳܺⷽ࿹⣬ֻò鲻Ըù뿪
ع뿪ûκεֻǰ䵭ȫʧȵٴеʱѾλΧ
ԭȵ챦ڶѾʧֻλȻְصѲӡ
˵˹֮վԼķ䣬׼·һطŷķѾ߰㣬ֵǮĶѾߡ
̾һֻԼϵϵȻת뿪˵ֱۣ̲Ρ
ǰʱҲ޼ɵȥ̲ڲǲͬ
նɴȺѾѹˣ˳»ʵӦúܿͻᱻ٣Ǹڱ֮ϵСʵҲûûˡ
Щ̲ĹԱѵҵԼλȻʸٵĴ󹦳
Ϊ뷨ʩʩȻؽ̲
Ҫ˵ڵ̲Ҳһţ̲ЩͷˣڶڼУͲϰˡ
һԱѾǸϻˣǲ˳͢˻ˮˣ̲µĶһЩСԱ
ЩСٹٲ󣬵һأڳ͢ķ˽ҲǷǳ
ϵʱһսھ֮ҲƮһ۵ġ
ʱҲնɴȺʦǹʦĳˣǻ˵ʲôһǴʦˣˡ
ЩСԱǷǳİͽᣬ˿֮У裬֮һվԣ͵Ļػˡ
㱻ЩԱǷеЩ˼ˣѹڶеһӻҲˡ
˼ҶˣѵܹΪ˼ң
ЩҲǺԺ
λˣƶͼλھ֮նɴȺһսնɴȺѾѹӦòվͻ᷵ؾǡ
˵µЩСԱͿʼˣһնɴȺ˵治ı췴͸ˡ
ͬʱһȿֺģ˵Լ踺ؾ͵Ż»سʱһŻϲҷ
˵ǰʱ򣬹λСʵ۵飬ҲûᣬǴûзһ
ЩķУ㻹Щᣬڿ˵ģûЩ
λ˶ԻϵģˣȵϣһλԼ䡣
˵ʱ˰õµ˶Ȼ˵һնȴȺңҵҲѵģҵʦúͼλͽܶڴ֮Уд£
ĻеһСԱϵľͳ˵صүĻȷʵô£үģԴʦúͼλͽס̲֮Ǿÿ˶ס˵䣬һͶСźš
仰Ͼ˶Է˼ǶԷʱƣҵԼֵˣǺһ£ЩСϱߵĴΪ
ڵӡ֤ЩСǵĵǣǰĲûá
ڶѾûܵŰ⡣
ãȻǾȥ֮нҵʦúͽǴɡ
һ仰ԸûжĹһСپʹŶѾļͽ˿֮С
Ѿո·ϵʱ򣬾Ѿ˵ˣʦѾնȴȺԼˣЦݾûͣ
ҪǶѾѾնɴȺӡס˷ͼ䣬ȥˣ˭Աĥĥġ
ȵѾӵʱ򣬸ղŵϲɫͻȻ֮Ͳˣ۾Ҳʼ죬һͣ¡
վҪǰӭһӭѾͣ˽Ųվڿ룬ԸոսŵĶѾ˵ͷȻЦ˵ˣޱӣ߲ˣʦֶǿ㻹ʲôѵǣ
һ仰˵ĶѾЩΪЦܿͱסתԼʦֶݺݵ˵Ǹղſҿޱ𣿡
⼸ͽ㲻ڵʱһֱǱѾ̵ģ˶ԶѾľ㡣
ڿѾɫƣæһƲϵ
ĸʦÿˣ
ʦһžЦӯӯģ˵޵˶Ϲۡ
Ǿǣʦʵôޱӣ˵ҸͲš
㿴ЩͽܶŶѾĵӣЩ˵
Щ˺ôҲǹôĲҪƤһµСѾͷģûһԵˣ
ʱĶѾ߰תͷý˿㣬˼˵û˸˵ȥˡ
ҡҡͷȻ󽫶ѾеԼԣĶţһ˳ֽѾ֮ĵתһȦͻһӡ
䱻ƣѾķʼ֮ȫ˴ʱѾЩ԰׵Ǳú
Ѿָ֮򼸸ͽܿȥ˼ǲҲǱӡˣ
Ѿô꣬˵˽ˣһ۾Ͷȥʲô˼ˡ
ʦ֣ǣǵСõű˷ӡ𣿡
Ѿһ仰̾üӶߵͨ죬ͷȥ޲иطȥꡣ
Ѿ͹ˣļλʦֶʻǿԵģеʱ̣ûʲô֣ʱգһӦóɾͲǳ
ͽʦĿ佱̾ˬȻһֱ̧ͦͷ
ܾЩСԱд󣬴ŶѾͼͽܴ»صȥˡ


412 
ȵ㶼ˣЩСԱǲһȻǻ࿴˿µ߳˿
Щ˸ոճ˿֮󣬾Ǳһ̲ȥǸԼĿɽȥŶȥˡ
ΪЩ˿ͷһֱնɴȺѾ군ˣȻӦúܿͻĹԱ
ϢǿǮġ
˵˻ص˵ۣѾһžͿһŵԺӣŶѾżܵԼķУ֮ڴһվҷʧ˳
ʦ֣ҵ˽Ǯûˡ
˵⻰ʱѾѾ޳ˡ
ڶѾ˽ģѾȻ˵ִŵеĺ񣬵СѾͷȷʵʮ־𣬶Ҳ̰
˽ǮǸЩ򵥵ķʽǱ˸ĺܵڣҲмʮӡ
ǮǮ˵ҲֻǼٷļǮǶڶѾ˵ȴȫļҵ
ҲֲãѾżˡ
£㻹ûа취ҲֻǿŶѾɵۣȻ˵οĻҪǮһ˦ȥȻֹסѾı
Ҳû취ˣɨһԼĴͽСӳʼӦǺܻŮ˵ģӦõʱˡ
ҲǸģʦʹɫϾʦ˼΢΢һ⡣
ʦģǶ˼ʮֲҲ
Ѿһ⻰۾еˮֹ̾סˣúĴ۾
һ˼һͻⲻܰɣ
ǺǣʦãҲʦʲôˣǿǽһүүĴ󹦳ֻҪһ仰˳츮ЩǻϽİѸһ飬ôҲܰӸһ
Ͼͽں˵ġ
˳츮ĲȫҲ޷˳ǵ۶İȫҵ
ôùĿ¾Щƽ鷸ƵˣЩһᱻѹեŰǮͳԱ¡
ЩǲܵģֻҪǲѹգܸԼʧôһжҪˡ
ѾѾˣ۾ĵͷ
ǣôˣ˶Ӧñ٣ЩٵľӦùǡ
Ѿ˵֮۾һתͶԱߵһСʿ˵زƽ˵Ǵ˳츮٣¾ͽˡ
زСһͽܣƽʮֵĻ飬ʮֵöѾϲ
ʦãģھȥҴ磬һǶǮȫһ
˵ʱСӻˣ
ûˣ͵үͷˣҲ֪үֻۡ
ĻļͽܶǰĵͷΪǿˣȻԼڼжǲóģǺôҲǹٻ֮󣬾Ȼ˸͵ǲ
㿴Щ۸ڶӣҡҡͷˣԼ⼸ͽܻģסЩԳԺ֮ϻвۡ
ǴҸ˵ʱûбҪˮҲûеѵǡ
ѾҲָ˻ʼԸ顣
Ϊʦڹ￴ţؽ䣬ؿգԪͷȥ˵˶һȻĻôԷ
ԣʣϽʰӣ㿴ⶼҳʲôˣܲסˣûһ
ѾķԸЩСͽǶһɢȥԼȥˡ
˵ʰۣѰֲԼʧķ˵ʱ򾩳ֿʼһ󰵳ӿ
ѾϢ̲ܿͨЩС٣ݵ͢λԱĶ
ЩǶǸʲôԵģǵüëǿյģһϢú֪ôˡ
ˣڻ˳»ʵۻ֪ʲôµʱ򣬾ǵЩԱǾͶʼж
ڵڶ糯ʵ۸ոյڱ֮ϣ̲ڵأʼࡣ
ŻڻЪҵٹһǰȥӭϻس
̲󣬾͹˼ʮԱһ˵Ÿ顣
ڱ֮ϵĻʵۣⷬ࣬ӾһѾоͷˡ
ЩٹھȻԼʵ۶ܳˣֻԼΪѾʱֲԣ԰Լˡ
첻ǻúõնɴȺʦһ춯صĹѹȫôͳ飿
ķչ־Ϊתƣ˭һܻʵأ
Щ±ߵҲˣһӵֱ֮ϰȻ͵дһʥּ֮Щ˾һӵ˽ǵֱȥˡ
ھɵҲ֪նɴȺѾʧܡ
û˼ʵ۵ҲӦϽĴӽǵܵ˺󹬣ȻȥϵĻۣ֮ʱۣȻԼ̫࣬׼ʱĳܣ֮Ҳ˻ʹֱꡣ
˳»ʵǰã˳»ʵۺһ
ЩҲûʲôϵˣʰһۣʱѾǻȻһ¡
ҲŶѾͰ˸ͽܣ֮УʼһΡ
ʱúܿ죬ȵʱͻȻڵһ˺˻֮
ʱ㣬۾һԵ˵ȥ߿ʲô¶
ʦķԸҵҴҵľͳûж೤˻
ʦϲ¶һүүѾ»عڽǵϵʦء
˲û¶ĵӣֻǵ˵ͷΪϵôһ졣
վ˶ۣȻʹŶѾԺǰ
һС̫๭ء
һˣϽĵǰһڵء
ū澸ˡ
ϽһԵʹ˸ɫϽǰȥС̫
λСضҵĴͽ˵һǻǰȥǵݣд£
ǣصѾ׼죬˵õǰС
֮Щ԰ܿˣҡҡͷ˵ֻһˣôܳ˻ϵ죿
ţͷԸԼĴͽΪԼ׼һӡǸ죬򲻻ġ
Ȼλ˳»ʵۿԼնɴȺ˴󹦣ϵҲһʱǳˣ
㵹ǲ˳»ʵ۷𣬲ֻ밲гɣһ±һ¡
ǸС̫Ҳ뷨Զ㲻죬Ҳûй˵ʲôôǰ·
С̫Ĵ֮½˽ȥȴ֮ٹѾˣ˳»ʵȻǰһ˶ڱ֮ϣԱվŵȻǸ̫ࡣ
ǸܻʵѾӰҲ֪ǱˣǱɱˡ
ⶼ˼һʼҵ飬ԼûбҪԤ
˳»ʵ۽ӵ˴æĴ֮վȻתվ϶˵ؼ񡣡
˵ַԸС̫Ͻ¸һ


413 
ȵ֮˳»ʵ˱
λǰһʱ䷢飬Ƕߣʲô˵𣿡
˳»ʵһ仰ʵ±ߵ󳼶Щƿԡ
ϾҪ˵Щ󳼶նɴȺò˳
ҪǻϿʼˣվڳϵЩ˶ᱻһ⡣
˳»ʵ˼飬վ±ߵ˶ľͷһûһش
˳»ʵҪͻȻվԱߵ̫䡣
˳»ʵѾʮˣҪ˵ֶǷǳ죬ղֻһʱڱ̫ѣ̾ͷӦ
˳»ʵ۱ƽϢһеŭȻͻȻ۾±ߵ˵ҲйóɮȻôӽԺ˭ҲҪˡ
˳»ʵ۵Ļ±ߵһ
͵۹͵ʱҪ˵һιˣһǻϵһǻϵ̫࣬һڴ֮ϵ㡣
Ҫ˵Ѿλ˳޿ͣȻӹٽ󲻹ǸЩƽַһСҲˡ
ڻԵǸ̫࣬޶ŮģڻʲôҲȱ˻Ҳû
˳»ʵ۰ĿͶϡ
һؿҪȻĻ޻ڻܿࡣ
Աߵ̫һʹɫ̫ᣬǰһһʥּ
̫ʥּǰ΢΢һЦȻ˵ͷ
æվЩԼҪҪ£
˵°ɣԼںôҲõĵˣһ˼ĻʵȷʵЩۡ
˵ɣŰ峯䣬ʧ˻ʣ˵ȥҲЩ
ʱڱϵ˳»ʵۣ˵վŽּˡ
˳»ʵ۵Ļǽѿİõվףϱ׼ʥּ̫๰˹֡
̫չʥּڴ֮ϱ㿪ʼ
˻ʵۣگԻɮң£𵱳ŵ÷֮ʿе£ϣ꼣ϣΪʦͳɮ
εķͻ⣬ӽԺµĺк͵ʿͶԼˡ
ϣ꼽ּл¡
̫ӵּ΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻףʥּŵС
±ߵЩ󳼣ϵķЩüҪ˵ʦȻϿûʲôȨ˵ʵȴǳĸߣǰλʦնȴȺλƿسõ
ôϳһοԣҪǵµʿٴη裬ʱ˭εס
Ҫ֪ǵʥʱһ˵ͨǿնɴȺһ׵ģ˵һ˾ܶԿһҡ
ЩǼüŪۣж
㻳бʥּ۹һɨϾЩʲôĿгɣȻɲЩ󳼹Ķǵġ
һ£⾩ǵˮ̫ˣԼԴ֮˶УȥﰲС
֮꣬ΪһȻǺ쳾̫֮ŨΪ뷵Ǳ޵϶׼
˳»ʵ΢΢ĵ˵ͷҪǳ⡣
ȻԼİ˵һ̰ȨƵˡ
ˣܵûʵЩλߵĻġ
Ǹ߷ڡ
˳»ʵ̾һ䣬Ȼ͵ͷڤ˼
˵ʵʵڻ治뿪ǣΪȻնɴȺҰĲķǿھСҡ
նɴȺѾѹˣôھ֮Ҳֻ̫ˡ
˲֪Ϊʵȴһ
ԴһΧնɴȺʱǿʩչطԼʱȬ֮ϼˣڳ˵·߲ˡ
Ҫ˵£óģҲֻԼԵ̫ˡ
ǣ̫ΪԼıһʱһҲ벻ġ
ܹʦķҲֻˡ
ǶĴ˵ȻΪʵҲܹڵǿ
ڻʵԵ̫࿴ʵΪѣǷڻʵ۵Ķߣĵ׼ơ
үūű飬űǸǧɽˮҲϵֻҪһű͸ʱǾ£ʱٻǰ
˳»ʵüͷչˣ
Ѿˣ£ԼʹñٻصǣҲһʱ̵ĹӦò¡
ðɣȻִҪ磬ôҲǿˣϣķϣΪ͢
л϶䣬СȻǼҹ¡
µٹܼ뿪ʦҲһ
ǶĵҲûжˣϾһ̰ȨƵĹʦϣ
˳»ʵεĻ˻֣Ȼ˳ˡ
ٹ뿪Ǵģǣոߵ糯ţͷǸߵ̫Ƕء
Լս̫࣬㻹𾴵ģǰ߼
СϹ
̫Ͻ˫֣ǰȥ
αضɷūˡ
ѱϣϽʵϹ糯ſڣĪרСģ
ˡ
˵⻰ʱ̫ӻȡһű飬ݵǰ
űϼʣкһĽ⣬ͣɢԿǼֵǡ
ôصĶɲա
ϹǺ⣿
ᣬⱦһԶģ˸ȡһţ۸ŶԶܹʱ磬Ҳ³°Խű͸ϣڳµʱܹʱϻ
ԭôһ£ŰķڶȻӹϸĿ˿
ҿ㶼ûⱦʲôֵĵط
̫΢΢һЦȻִͰȡһű飬Ȼ浯˵
еǿҲͬ
ˣţеӹȻһԱ
̫ӵӣ㹰ת뿪ˡ
ҲϽ糯Żؼգ׼ʰˡ
Ҫ˵ȷʵǷƷӦоУܾ֮ⷱزľ
СسУ۸Ľַڡ
˵̫ص˻ϵ޹ûнأͿһС̫˳
С̫ճžͿ̫࣬ͺ񿴵һͨһڵأǰ˼̫ȾͲˡ
ˣߵȼˣҪٲСǵȶסˡ
̫߱ȵС̫ࡣ
һС¾ͻųƽǵأѧˡ
С̫Ͻķſ̫ȣվ֮ͷվﲻˡ
̫̾˿ҡҡͷһһˣһʺõģԼ촫ȥҲǸʼ֣˼ʮ궼ûһʵġ


414 ս
̫˴ͼ˳»ʵﷳתȦվС̫һͷ±˳»ʵƼ
ǻʵۼ̫ˣһϲȻϽС
Ͽ㿴ۡ
˵ʱ˳»ʵڵһָԱһС̫Ͻǰ˼ϵС
̫ǰӹС̫۴ϸһüͷ
ԭǸϵģǣؼϳǣ׼ķǳ֣پΧôʱ䣬Ҳ޷¼ϣڹپЩã볯͢ʱ˱ȵݳ㣬ٽ𲻳١
˳»ʵۼ̫࿴ˣ̾˵㿴͢ôŽ̵ѹȥڵһȻҪ˱
Ļ˳»ʵûм˵ȥΪǰλ̫ĸҲԼˣԻЩӡ
̫Ҳ̾һղ˵ԼˣڹȻСõĺӣҲͷβ
飬˵ôɣ
ػϵĻܳģĻϾͻҸȼʱ͸ӵˡ
֮ԣġ
˳»ʵ˵һ䣬Ȼʵڳ͢նȴȺ֮ңѾûǮ֧Ԯǰˣ˵ô죿
̫һ룬ε˵;ūǰһˣپ̵ʱ°̡
˳»ʵ֮۾һϾͰȥ
飬Ҫ뿪ǣô˭򣿡
̫һҲһ룬ԼµЩˣܳĻһûС
޷¼ϳǣôʲôȥأ
̫۾һת˰취ȻԼ˲УôԮ
үʦҪ𣿲˳·ȥһ˼ϳǣ
˳»ʵ۾ѾǸȫĺð취
̫ܹԼԣԼѹǣǰҲܹ˳Ľ̵顣
飬취ãǾôˡ
˳»ʵ˵һ仰ž͸ϽĲ䡣
Ӧúܿͻ̣ǲܵ飬ȥ۴ּǰϳǰսһҪһ¼ϳǽ̡
ūּ
˵ڵѾصھǵĵ
ոսţͿһȺ﹧ĺͶѾ˵ء
СɹãǵжĶѾҵĲˣǲⰸӾôˡ
ʲôˣ㿴㶼һЩʲôЩӰ˵ƷЩֵǮ֪֪ҾͶ˽һӣʦҪǲҸҾȥ̲Ÿȥ
ŶѾһ仰Ա߼ͽҲʼǻ
ҵ̲ɣֱҵȥʡú鷳
ҵʹо˳츮һҾͲˣǶôණû˹ˡ
̫ˣֱôʦȥһϣǻʱܼϵģһּȥҾͲŻҲضˡ
ѾǰվŵĸۣЩСүүǵ࣬ѾͷǺˣ֮ǰѾˣ۵ûһǵġ
ҪЩСǰȥ£˵ˣ˳츮Ҳﲻ
Ϊ׵۸ϽĵͷСĵ˵Сɹãģ֮һѶһǻСɹø̧֣Ҫִ󡣡
Ѿͷ̧ø߸ߵģȻ۾⿴˶Էһۣ˵첻УҾҪӡ
Ǹҧҧ˵죬Ҿ͸Сɹðͻ
ѾĿһۣѵԷôߵЧ
˵ˣʲôطҹֻҪԼûʧС
ãҿĻˣϵʱҪǼӣҿɺûꡣ
Ѿո˵仰ͼԶ˹æƲۣĵǰ
ʦ֣ˡ
ѾžͿбŵʥּȻ־Ҫȥá
̧־Ͱָˡ
ǻϵʥּ
ĴͽʱϽѾǰĵ˵ʦϷʦΪʦˣʦõľʥּ
Ѿͽ⻰ǴϲΪڽǵĵλҲ
վԶ̽ͷ̽Եļۣ仰ɫࡣ
ǰĻҲֻη㼸ͽЩڿɲһˣ㱾ǹʦˣܵ
һ룬ǰһʱǰιʦնȴȺǶôķ裬۵ҲնɴȺһЩСܵģ¾ǵĶͷ˾˳츮ҲķС
뵽ʱЩѾ͵ŵ۶ˣ޵
ȻǲЩС۴򽻵ģֻǿһֱۣӽ˴ʣµѾ
Ѿȵ֮ٴαֺߵһ۵ǰŲӣ۾˵źߣҲ˰ɣʦǹʦˣСİ£ҰȻĻûǺùӳԡ
˵֮󣬶ѾҲǣתҲ˴
⼸ĿŶѾıӰͷͰ۹ŵ˼ͽϡ
ЩΪʧҲʧСһΪ˵Ƕһб۾ƿҲŽ˴
⼸ûа취ֻǴͷɥ뿪˵ۡ
ȳ˵һС۶Ϊ׵˵磬а취֮ǰǰѶһ
ʲô취ȺŪǸСŮû뵽ҵ۵˾ȻϷΪʦˣǿҪСˡ
˵۾ߵתͻȻ֮һ˵ȥ⸽ĵͷȫҹ۶Ӧǰ˸ҳ⳥ʧҪȻĻЩǮǳ֮ǰðס
ϴʱ̫˰ɣǾЩߣ͵֪ˣҪҲһ飬ܲܿһʱ䣿
Ǹתͷ´һ˵ûۡ
СǮѽɱ𷸺Ϳ¿ɲܶסģΪ˼ǮԼҲȥ
˵仰֮۾Ͳˣתȥֱȥ
ǮҲЩգϾ첲šȥ۵ֻǴͷɥĸ뿪ˡ
˵֮ϣڴԱߣļ߲Ѿվԡ
˵ˣſһ˵ղҲѾˣϷΪʦҲ׼ھǾ׼ȥ˭ȥҲǿ
⼸仰Ǹ˵ģǶǳ͢Ȩ֮رǴӣǸǻ׹ݣ֦Ҷ
Щ˴С̳ݴģҲ֪ܸܲȥԿ࣬˵ԼѡΪãʡõʱֳʲôʰ


415 ׼
ѾĻ۾һʵͲ⾩ǴˣȻԵúúȵúãʵ̫Σˣסû೤ʱ䣬֣֮ҪȥԺ󻹲֪ܶٿء
ļȴЩ룬ϾھˣǾڼвܳ裬ҲԴûбҪ˵Щܳûʲô
ͽǺ˼ʱĴͽվ˳
ʦһΪʦΪӾĸʦǱԺҲܲһϡ
ɵĻҡҡͷž͸ˮ
̸ףҲûżο㣬Ҫ˵㻹ǴⲻʵʵĻ룬ǰĺá
λͽ֮ģǷǳᶨġ
ʦʹܳϣҲѧЩ£ԣѾ¶ģʦԡ
οĵ˵ͷֿļӡ
Щ˾ݵԥǾһ뿪
ԭҲǳʵʱԣȻ˵ûѧϰʲôķͨʱڹҲоԼĲͬ
ǰʱЩ˶ǶѳԺ֣ÿһá
Ǿڵסʱ䣬ǵۿɼٶȻָš
ƾһЩûʲô׷ֻϣһʱӵ֮ˡ
ʦҵȾ׷ʦĺǡ
Ƕ̬ûһģﻹǷǳοġ
ЩȻǻʵǿԼģÿһֻҵԼ֮УȻиֵĲӦǶÿһŬѧϰҲǾľˡ
ĵ㻹ʮϲҶЩġ
ãȻôȥʰңǼ֮뾩
һ仰µĵǾһɢеֱԷеֱӾܳ˵ۡ
ȥԷʰԼܳˣǻؼȥҪǮ
ȵǶ֮󣬶ѾԱ˵ʦ֣֮⽨ô죿
ô죬͢볯͢Ӧûɼʿǵ۵׹
˵ʱתͷԶѾԸ
⼸һЩЩСǣǺ֡
֮ôԸǺĵ֪ԼΪʦ֮ʼƮʱǸԼ
ʦģҿأ˭ҪǸҺΪƤӳǡ
һ֣֮УЩǾ¶Ѿ³Լ
ΪʲôǶ죬ѵ⼸䣬Ѿ֡
ۿѾĴ
ʱΪոյ˵ۣЩŲ»ݣʼڼӣñĵź
ѾܹôëֱӾͰСûԷʱѾ۷ˣӴ֮ԶѾƴӣҲΥˡ
ʱʰжȹˣȵϵʱǸոճԹ˳츮ʹһȺˡ
ԭ˳츮Ҳʸϳģ֪˳»ʵ۶
ڻص֮󣬴ͷ֪ﶪ˶˲ҵֵ̾µȫһҪ֮ǰΪʦһضˡ
һض̫ˣǵĸְɣһص˴ùˡ
аɵϴ󶼱ټ˳츮ȻڰѶһ
Щûа취ֻǰԼҲȥ㻹˵˶ð£ȵϵʱ۶Ķ󲿷һˣȱЩҲûа취
Ͼ͵ЩǮҲͰǮǮ֮ȻǳԺζĻӻĲˡ
ûа취ЩǮȻ˳츮ˣֻЩǴճȰѹضȹ
Ҫ˵ͶѾǮ࣬ǱϾޣǰ˸һܹ˵ģʹ˵ҲһǮһζҪ˸ӵǮ
һض֮˳츮еۣƺƵ˵ۣ㱨
˳츮Щ𾴵ģԳŽӭ˿֮УȻѾ衣
Ǹ˳츮ˣֻһڲ裬͸ϽķСĵ˵ʦֻһιʧ¹ٵĴʦԭ£İ
ʵº˼˳츮ûʲôϵǵʧԵʱնȴȺŰ֮ʱ
ʱ˳츮ǵĲ磬ֺնɴȺѾһĺùˡ
İ˵ºʹ޹أҪ˵նȴȺĶ񡣡
ǣնɴȺ
˳츮˼㲻׷ˣҲͽ¿ˡ
˼֮Űѻϡ
ʦ۶ĶѾһˣõһ£ʲô©ĵط¹ҸϽѰҡ
֮ԱվŵĶѾʹ˸ɫѾϾ˼ĵ˳鷿
һѾҴҵĴ߽㻹ΪʲôҪûҵء
㻹ûأѾͽ˵ʥּˣʦָϽȥּ
һϾʹλվȥ
˳츮۾һ˿ҡ
ҿԼһӣĻŻ϶λʦңֻҪԼһ㵡ڻʵǰ΢͸ſڷ磬ԼĹλˡ
ԺֻΪ׵ĲˣǸ̫ࡣ
̫бʥּվԺҴסء
ǰҴ˸ףʧԶӭҪ֡
ūұ֮ôùʦӭ
˵⹦̫࿴˸˳츮ˣͻȻһ
ô£Լ绹ڻǰ˵㲻Ȩأô˳츮ͳĵˡ
˳츮ʲôˣһ̫ɫ֪ô£Ͻǰ͡
СΪʧһصʦģߣŹּ
ϹһС̫࣬ҲǰһĶ˵˼䣬̫Żɫ
վһ԰һпһˣҿԼҪ뿪ǣĻÿ춼ҪֹĶ֮Уʱﻹѽ
ʱҲ㱨ȫˣҲûв
˳츮˼ȫˣϽǳˡ
Ǹ̫ûˣŶԱߵС̫ʹ˸ɫ
С̫תȥԸ˽۵ŹˣֵµСź򣬲Ҫ˿
㿴Ӿ֪ʲô飬Ҳ
̫˵ȶûˣչʥּ
Ͻվףֶ
˻ʵۣگԻ̹ؼϣپȻ̶Ѿãɼңشʦϣǰǰս
ʥּЩɵˣԼ׼ϼأôʥּԼǰȥǰ
Ҷôʱˣѵ̻ûб
̫Ҳɻ󣬸Ͻһߣǰ˵һ顣
ε̾鷳ģȷʵȣҪٲɽҪˡ


416 
̫ĻҲЩԥˡ
һǰȥɲǣֻǶԸһô򵥣Ҫƽգ̵ͽɱʱմȾɾͶˡ
̫Ҳԥ˵㱻͢ΪĹʦҲ˳͢˵ıӣҪһ´ң͢˥ܣʱҲûʲôô
ˣ΢΢һüȰ˵ԼǾѽ
û޳ɵǰ㻹ĳһףѾɾ˵ɣѾﵽܴﵽ۷壬͢Լûʲô취
Ϲ²ֻҸոճɾ͵ɣлЩȣȥһʱ䣬֪ΪΣ
̫Щˣ´һ£֮°²ڵĺӣЦֻǸۣ֮Ҫ࣬ȥ֮˳־ͰʰˣĻõʱ䡣
㿴ʵѲֻεĴӦˡ
̫˿ڣŷ
Ͷ͢ǾṼйԱġ
˵ʱ̫ӻȡһݵݵǰ
һϾͳһԭǧĶصĵ
ʹã̫ˡ
㿪ʼѣеĵ̫ƲȴץŵıԵ
̫ʲôˣͰӿһЦ˵ؿӦõģȵ֮̽󣬳͢͡
㵽ڣźԸĽŵԼĻС
Ȼǳ͢ѣҲֻΪѵһˡ
̫΢΢һЦȻļ˵㻹ᣬԺӶǣȵЩϼһﲻˣ͢ÿά֡
ѾǷǳԵİʾˣ˵ȵЩϼһԺǴܳܺϽ
㱻˵ĶЩ죬ЩٵĿʵܲˡ
̫ˣҲʹ뿪ˡ
ȵ˶֮󣬶Ѿٴ˵ʦ֣Ҫȥһɽ𣿡
ôѾû˸ղŸյõǧĶʱ̰ˡ
˵ʱӻȡŵӸһԵĶѾȻͷҲصľͻطȥˡ
Ѿӹһ̾һĻϲ
ѾΪũҳŮޣзǳִšڼôصȥգϵЦݾûͣ
ʰ˳׼
һγɺǰͬΪȰ˸ͽܣЩ˶Ǹ˼ҳ˶֪ҪԶУ͵Ķÿ˶㹻һġ
ټһأ˸߶˼ͯģӹˣһسеĶϡϡȥס
Ȼǲ⣬ǿ˼Ҹĸ۶ԶеķϣҲҧˡ
ЩҲûʦר׼ĴͶѾʹã֮⻹и͵Ҳװ
Լûжٶһȥǿɵġ
ǶѾͲһˣŮԣټھǸϡĶӦоУ˶ѾĶװһװˣֵһЩ
Щ֮⻹ѾǴģһǹӤ̳һ͸Ƿʬ
ڶѾħı
ڶѾ˵Ҳϡ棬Ƕǰ˸˵ȴ·ʲôһ
رĴͶѾϵ׽Ӥһ̣ʹܵ˶ѾԣȻĽʵʦãⶫƵ𣿡
ĺĺѾݺݵĵһֱ֮Ӿͱ̳ˡ
޹ӣ֪ԼѾСˡ
ȥ˵ûֺֺλʦõʱѾкʼˡ
һ£Ҳִг͢ĹɣԳ͢ɳʦ̶ӣһ·źġ
治ϰô˸ԼǰǰûһɵĿռ䣬ǿҵľܾˡ
͢ûа취ֻĸۣһ·ϸ·ǰվ
ǳ˾֮һ·˳Źصϣܿ͵ͨݶɿڡ
ǾǰɽıؾҪ
ｫеĶװϹٴ֮߰ƺƵʻ˺֮ϡ
һ·ߵ÷ǳ˳ذĸٸʦĴ·ͷϰϾҲҪλ½Ĺʦ
ԸЩľګЩ붼һɾܾٶȺܿ졣
һ·ĴӾ򣬲ݣݣĳ´
ոյͷϣͷͷǰѾʮλԱ䶼С
㲻ִ磬ڽǰȨ˶Ҫ
ͻȻǰʮλĹԱлЩ
ûо飬ԵĴɶЩٳḻ
ֳ涼ҪԳ棬ΪӵѾˡ
ȵĳϢһҹ֮ĳ֪ɳ˼һ·ǰǰߡ
Щٱеźһ·Ϲ÷ǳ
ȵ˼ǰߵʱ㷢Լ˼
λˣΰ¸°ӵ
һʱûѾ췭ظı仯һԴŴӪеٹ٣ǰʮǰȥӭ㡣
ã޳ɵɣǷǳļᶨ˲û¶
ʮ˽˴ӪȻĴʣıԱߡ
Ϣһҹ֮󣬵ڶ죬Խ뵽Լ˧֮Уֱ֮
˧ʵм䣬Ų豭ʾһ֮󣬅һڣ˵ǰеҪ֡
˵ͷȻ˵ǰȥɣڴеǰǻ˵һ˵ϳڵİ̵ôˣ
һ˵̣ĳݣ̾һȻ󽫱ӷ˵ʵһη˺ˣϳڼежϳǽˣտʼʱ͢Щǿйǣǵ˺ʧԽԽ±ԹصҲ޷ֻǷŻĽࡣ
һ£Ȼ˵㷨ǿؼңôˣƱôܵס㣿
һĲЦȻ˵ԴӶֱֻ֮ڵľѾȫԹ½˺ܶ࣬ڶ廹治Ķ֡
Ķϱۿ˿ĬĬĵ˵ͷ
Ҫ֪֮ľһԲһأضȫˣȻ޷õԲȻ½
Щɵĸأ
зųһ˿־Ĺâ
ԥΣ˵еļɵ
ЩѾ뿪ˣҿ뿪ʱһ¶˷ܵĹâҲ²⣬ǾǿҪ٣Ҫ·ͥͥˣԼԼʵ
Щ㶣˵ܰɣ͢ⲻѾûеôصĵزɣ


417 
֪ǰһʱҽӵϢ͢ʧأû˳͢ѹɽ󴨵ѾʼЩɵĸҲһ㣬ŲǴܳ
Ȼ˵Ѿﵽ˵ɵľ磬Ҫ˵ͨҲ󣬵Ƕ棬ȴûжپ飬ڵɸпҲһ֪µġ
ĬʵѾҳһš
Щ˳»ʵΪʲôҪԼΪʦˣֱԼ汳ѽ
Ҳ˼ЦЦζ˵ʦܳ͢˱ӣҲھУЩŸɵĸҲŹˡ
Ĭĵͷ֪˼
Լ˴ܳĲ⣬Լӡɽ֣ЩҪͥĸŸҲŹԼ
ԼǺʹܳһˣֻ΢ĵһ±ſ˼ΪеƵġ
ֻҪʯָڣԼǵĴ㣬ҲͨʵӻִȥʱֻҪִ꣬ȵһܹ»ص߼ԼСӣԼ롣
뵽ʱɫ
ΪҲ΢΢ĵͷ
Ǵ֪ͨʵѾȫʢʱˡ
ֻҪڳ͢һߡǸŸɾͽͥУҲҪ᲻Լݡ
ֻҪǸɲ룬ƾǹ˾ټϳ͢ڻǱ㣬Ӧܹܿطӵҡ
һ͢˾ܹʱĻָ¿ʼѹƸɽ󴨵˲
˵Ѿ˵ˣǰѻת˼ϳڵϡ
ϳǸô죿
һ£Ȼ΢΢ҡͷ˵Ҫ˵ʩչͨԵУҵָ֣Ӵȴû⣬ǲˡ
ãȻô˵ҾͲˡ
˵ʱվƵſڣһʿԸ˧޹ʡ
Ĺһ
Źڴ֮⣬ҲһĽŲ֮
һⲻ֮ͣͨžһԱԱ󽫽ʣƷվ
ͨĹѾһ׵Ĵռˡ
֮ŵҲֻˡ
һǴͳ˧м˧֮ޱؿŴڵڽ
һ˧Աڵ㡣
ڽʵʱѾ֪͢Ѿ˹ʦǰ󣬵ǻûˡ
ڼһĵʿԱߣľͶ࿴ۡ
ȷʱЩ˲Ķ¶΢Ц˵ͷ
ǰʱǰ󣬺ЩҲദһʱ䣬ദĻ㲻Ͼûʲôͻ
мԹؾƣҲѡ
ڽѾ룬ǿһ˵ԱλҲʶεĹʦ㣬
˵ʱ㹰һ֣һǰǷݻ֮ǰǹƼϳǣ塣
˱˧һȻƼϳǣ塣
ŵ
ڽһȭ֡
ãȥһ֮
һ˧Աһ˳оʣԻȥپȥˡ
ȥҲʰһ£һһ
ãҾȻȥˡ
վ˹֮󣬾뿪оʣصԱԼľ֮С
ʱ򣬶ѾŰ˸ͽء
㿴ˣ⼸ҲֻװģΪ۾ͣƯЩͲסį
һȻ˵ˣװģˣʰʰҪǵģǰȥǰ档
һ仰öѾͰ˸ͽֵ̾ҰرǶѾһӾʹܳ񣬻صԼĵСȥһᣬ»ʱѾһװ
ԵҲһװԱ󽫻ǵ˧һڶѾ
㿴⸱磬Щֵʵģôǰû
Ѿ԰ڵǰ˼ȦȻ˵Тҵģôòÿ
һϸڵĶѾȷʵǷǳӢˬףѶѾһЩȫǰȫһӢ
ǶѾҲһŮˡ
Ѿĳޣĵ˵ͷ
ȴûôˡ
ʲôֵܴĵط𣿡
Ҫ˵ѾҲһЩȥǰûжΣգѾֻ޸֮ȥǰֻǸԼ鷳
ɫһ䣬һĿŶѾöѾ˵仰
Ѿһſڣǿ̾ס졣
ȥô֣ôʰǡ
鿴ûϣˣֻǾɥ뿪
һİ˸ͽܶǸԴϡ
һǵĴ綼һɫĶڼףǰԱСһ
㿴⼸˵װ綼Щ뷢Ц·ϾѾˣսĶ׼ȫ
⻹֪սϵնȫǰսˡ
㲢ûսϵգԼ飬ε飬Ӧûӵ˽նԼĶݡ
ĬĬһ֣㵱ȳ˴ʣŶѾİ˸ͽܽ
ȵʱֻͽǵˣѾǣŰ˾ƥվ
ҲֱӾͷͷԣȻϣļҲѧѡƥ֮󣬸ֱоʡ
ʱΪ˧żѾȺʱˡ
ˣæĴǰֱȭ
ʦʲôҪĶ׼
ʹ˧ˣЩͽܰŵĻϸǲȱʲô
û۾ɨһۣˣҲʶǽڶѾȴֹһΡ
ϾҲǻϵӣǹ˾Ҳɹǰȥ׵ĸ
Ͻٴεֱȭ˵㡣
ǸʦҲֻǵͷӦ
Ҳԣǰ˽ںһ˴Ӫܿľǰ
ʱ򣬼ʮѾ㳲ѼϳΧˮйͨ
ϳǵ棬żʮԱ󽫣ڴ룬ż۳ǡ
һ߿Ŷļϳǣһ߸ָ㡣
ϱƺӣ̩ɽѹͨͨ˴λԽƣʱֹˡ
һƪĽܣһԼҲ۲ϳǡ
ֻϳǸʮףŻͳǣǽн¥̨ȷʩǽ෽ʯνǹ
ֲôʱ䣬Ȼϳûа취õ۳ǣҲǿӦռ˼ϳǡ
ֻҪһɵϳǣƾżϳǵĳǽԼڴĺˮֻҪܹһģ¾мıҲ޷ҡϳǡ
̶ڹƻĸһףڵļϳǶڳ͢˵һӲͷ
ԼҪԳִƳţܹôѸٵǣð̽ͽȫıܿٵĽ̵⡣


418 
͢һôƣϳڵȻҲˣͽԼڳǽϿŶ档
ƾȻôԶҲһ۾ϳվԱߵ㡣
Ȼ֪Ѿɾ˵ɣƾǰӡ󣬶ʵҲЩɵ
رͨһӳʮɸߣ֮赲Ϊ촷ۡ
վԱߵ˳Ҳ㣬üͷʦ˵ʦǸЩֶΣһṥǵʱҪǴǰ磬߻治һܹס
˵ͷҪ˵ǰмҲܺأҪıѾСǰ뿪˼ϳǡ
㣬ѹġ
ʱʿɲйˣں˵һСʲôͨһôԸ
˵ʱԼĴͽ˳˵һǸʿ㲻ҪܣָֻӴֵ͢Ľ
˳˵ͷ߷ӵĳ͢üͷĺɽһ
Ϊоһس͢ǰͬһؿɲССˣѾ˺ݣһҪ˰̲ɡ
ʱ򣬳͢һߵѾ˼ϳ£еָųͷ˵壬ʶĳҡ
Ǻǣҵ˭ԭСʿ
ĻҲ˵ʶĿͶڻǰԼ䣬һ
СʿڻƭĳңҪ˵ʩչֶΣҪб¾ʹûб¾͹ԹԵĻȥ
ѻ˵ҲٶԴ𣬴ͻصԱߡ
˧һҶֲס壬Ӷǣ֮һҪƼϳǡ
֮ôżΪɲǰˡ
ҪǼôȥõԼʱ䣿
˵ͷȻһе졣
ֻĻӶĸָӴҲʼͣҡڡ
Щҡڣ͢ĴҲʼ
ֻǰߵĲ俪ʼ߷ֿŴƳĹеЩеʼڴĴӵ֮ϳǳȥ
֪ʱˣԼӦòס壬ʩչ֧ͨԮϳǡ
Ҳٳɣһ룬ţȻƮ˰֮С
Ȼǿ¥һȻһһڰϳȥ
ŵǸεѡ
Ҫ֪һûгɾ͵֮ǰ޷ͨͨڰзеġ
ɣҲַͨߡ
ڿЩֲˣ㵽ʲôĻȻǰʿڶ̶̵ʱ֮ھͿɵľ磬ɾ˵ɡ
Ѿףϳǿ±סˡ
廹ֻӻȡһɫӡ
ȻȻĬһ㣬ԼķδžһѪ˳絽ɫϡ
ԼϾͱί٣ЩվסŲ
ҿͽԱۼֿ콫סûǰ˳
ǿĶԼԵͽЦЦȻ͵ǽȥ
ոƮ˼ϳǽ̾ͺţһڰŤ
գ۵Ĺں֮ģѾһצĺɫ
ðĵ⣬ӿлһޱȵ
ֻ¥ϵϴʤ΢ЦȻŰеһָ
ǵʲôһ̾Ƽķ֮ȥ
ʱҲЩצû뵽廹ѹ׵ͨ
ʱҲ˲ˣֻһ㿪ʼԺеķͨ
ͨĴֻ͵ǵ˼ʮɸ£߻һĻų
Ҫڵ㻹ڰУڿһֻǺ̵ܶʱʹܵ˺ɫԱߣȻǴƣֱǾߴ硣
ǺɫҲǰ׸ģֻһڣ㿪Ĺеȥ
ɲ֪ϢʲôҲӲӣֻ͵ԱһԾͿ˼ʮɵľ룬㿪
Щûд㣬ŵȥܿմȾ˵֮Щ׼ǵʿϡ
ЩıһմȾ̾Ͳҽвֻ˼ĹǵƤͱʴʧֻʣһ߹Ǻ
ڰмҲǳһû뵽Ȼ
ڿɲٵˣֻ͵չԼٶȣǼʮɸߵӯĴܳȥ˼ɣһ˲ľǾ
ڶԷûзӦʱ򣬾һץסβ֮͵˦˸첲ɫľ֮ȥ
ո֣ǾһŤӰľ´֮ܵУзų˽⣬ֱŴ
ǰʱһĽǱض㲻ġ
ڵѾɾ˵ɣܹͨϵеλ棬Լά֮С
㲻ˣһϵͨͱƮ
ʱҲ壬ȴڻӰһûиκε˺
ٴһ䵽λ棬ųǾûٴʩչͨѾץסǾߴ硣
Ҫ֪˵ߴҪߴ»һۡ
ʲôأ˵֮ΪҲҲȻ۾ߣӤ֮ɱˡ
˼ǣڳ࣬ѱϷȻ¶һ߳ĵۣҪĵۣһᱻ˺ʱһᷢŭɱˡ
ͿԿ۶ҪԣֱǵѨѽֻҪԵһǶɱˣοڱץС
ɫľѾŭƴ壬Ҫþ֡
ڷصļӳ֮£ЩǰͲġ
ɫľŤ˰죬Ҳ޷ֱۣ֮ɴ֮ϣʼƴ壬Ҫڵ˺Ȼ֡
ǣץߴԽԽɫҲļֻ֮ϡ
ڳǽ֮ϵ壬Ѿɫͨ죬ҡβѡ
ԭɫһ֮еõģԴӵõͲҶá
ΪǼ֮Ҳ˾棬ߺߣȻ޷֮ڵľ꣬ÿһʹöԼѪǰࡣ
Ѫ˵ǶôҪÿʧȥһΣ˵һδˣô£¶Ŀ޾ͻữΪС
ΪһֱӱڣڷĸǰҲû֣û뵽һʹþͱסˡ


419 
˵ǺѾ˺һȫֹͣȻĻɵһɫӡ
΢΢һЦɫԼһֱ֮ϵĳȥˡ
ڳͷϵĶ龰Ѿ޴룬ϾѾѹ׵Ĺ򣬼ԪˣҪֹҲûа취ˡ
ûа취ֵµЩͽܻһ¡
ͼͻȻ֮ڼϳͷǷʮĽ⣬Žмʮ˴ֱ㡣
Щ˺ʵ̫СˣǲӬΧˡˡֱһ
ֻ㷳յ˰ƣŷĽ˾һġ
Щ˿ݣ¾ǱеĳһֱӶڵأһı仯ΪһŰɫֽˡ
ǰ˫ʿҲһߵٸһߵĴһʿ
һߵȴЩͬˣǱֻͨİգֵܹڣȫŰ̹ƻĵֶΡ
ڿɺˣΪ֮Ƶ壬ԼĵʩչٸһˣǵһγصĴ
ٴ˳֮£ϳǵķؾͳ˺ܴ©پǾȻһι˳ͷȻָܿ˻ȥڹһĹپ˵ҲһСͻơ
Ҳʱ˼ϳ£ֱųڳͷϵ壬òָ㣬غŹľҴˡ
ʵ岻˵ֵµЩҲɿţȻɼʮɸ߿žôˣǸ帽Щǰ̵
Щǿź£ֹЩССļͷڼʮɸߵ˵һ£Ͳ⡣
Щľʯûӵǰͱһĵ֪ȥˡ
ӽ˼ϳǵĳţǳ˵̫СˣֻǹӣȻһ߳ͰǼϳǵĳ߳˷ĩ
ҲڳſڵˣɿԱһԾ̤˿УϳǳһƣЦտ֮һָֻżϳǵĳţµ˷ԸϿǣ֮ɨ̵ܷ塣
һ£پųŷӵȥ
ȻʱѾԼĴ˳ԴŰ̵ľǰţҪپڳ⡣
Էӵʿ߰Ĺپ˳ʵǵֵס󱻹پǽڽڰˡ
Ҫ˳Щͨųʮǰߺ͹پɱپҲҪɵ˳ķҹڵĽƣЩͱɱˡ
ʹǿҲֲ˶೤ʱˣΪʱƣپϳǵԽԽ࣬˳ѾΧм䡣
˳Ҳ˲ʩչˣΪ˷ǹپֵǹǹûʱ䣬ֻһѸֵҵ
˳Ȼ˵ϵĹȴ˵㣬˷ĵֻǵֵ˼¾ͱһǹżѵϡ
λĴӣǰࡣ
һվڳͷϵ壬һѾңɫҵ
ʱپѾ˳ţȻ˳ջ˳ǽ
ǽϵİͽǿˣЩپΪ˱֤İȫȻʵ⣬һЩپȥ
ѻʯжûиȡ೤ʱһ㶼ûйЩ˾ͱڳǽ֮նɱ
һֻϵĹûκεĲ֡
ȵΧм䣬峤̾һŶڳеȵʿΪٻʵ͢ӥȮҾˣҲŲ㡣
˵仰ͻȻǽһԾ
жȫЩʿʼϲ̰οˣ
ΪôһԥֹѾˣֻۿԽ˳ǽ֮ˤ˳ĵϣˤԽѣɥ
ʵǽʱҪҲǾ֮ͣȴûж
⵹ȣ֮úԼͬߵ㱻ѹǣһȺʣٴ
ڰпԽѶŴʬ֮ƮһɽɫӰ
ӰӦꡣ
ѾɵļޣֻҪڸʱ䣬ɾ͵Ҳ
Ȼ˵ǣȴȻܹ棬лһɽǱأҲʮܹɾ͹ɣ֤Ӵ
Ƕ˵ԩҶͷôȵȥ
ڵһҡ˷صͨ̾Ϳʼήͨ˵ĴС
Եã֮ѹ̧ͷĴһ˸ոͨ㣬ҧҧݺݵĵһۣԶĸɽɳ۶ȥ
ôӵˣո̴ͨӻһֻ
Ҫ˵ſȻƷǳ󣬵ȷʵСӣеĹ궼ĿƷΧ֮ڡ
ڵſʧķһӡ
žһεĲƣʼɿʧķȥ
ոշɳ˼أ͸оһвܵʱѾˣϾ͸оԼʲôס֮֮㲻ɳ۶ȥ
ܿ죬䵽Ŀ֮С
⿽ȻԸֵСɵ껹ͷһء
㻹ǽˣ¿޷ȫ޸־ڿϣһ
ÿһҽУŴоƮһĻ
ףѾԼ𣬴Ӵ֮Ѿʧˡ
ԸյپѾ˳ű򿪵ļϳǵĳţӵӿ˰֮ڣʼͲİͽս
ЩûʲôϵˣѾ䣬Ǵ
ˣϽķСǰýһֻץ䣬ظл
˼ϳǣȵ֮һ飬Ϊʦ빦
ƶģʲôͣкˣָӴƽϵĺá
֮Ҳ˵ͷΪڱѾֶ£ƽȴΪҪġ
ãȻǹʦȻغӪϢҴЩ֮ʦʹ
˵֮󣬾͸ϽԼСУΪ·
СУȥû߶೤ʱ䣬ͿѾļͽſկǽϣǿء
ԭѾͼʦֶ²սսһͿսʬɣϾЩܲˡ
ΪŮӵĶѾӪȥļͽܼѾˣҲЩܲˣǸŶѾһɢ


420 
ѾŻµ˲俴ˣкģֻ˲ָоһĶӿͷֻٴſ
˺һѾǻˣȻһĴ»صԣ
ϴŷ̵΢Цôսôλģˣ
Ѿ˶ķֻ̣ǵͷѵ
ҲΪʤֻ˵Ǽ䣬Ժ󲻿ɰϷ֮תӪȥˡ
Ѿ˻࿴˿֮󣬴ͷɥĸӪ
ʱ䣬ȻԼĴ֮еϢѪ
ѾҲʵˣԹԵĴԼҲҳȥˡ
ʱĿʼƣȵڶϵʱոմŵΣһСУǰ棬˵Ǵ˧ǵо¡
ӵֻĵͷСУȻԸԼԵĶѾˡ
ǰȥо£кúҵķ̳
⼸ڶѾҲܵ˽ѵԷǳĹɡ
ʦ־ǰȥҿǾ¶
ͽ˶ѾĻֱ۶
λʦ岻ӾͲˣԼⲻ췽ҹ̷
뿪˴ʣСУĴ£оʡ
ʱоսѾۼ˼ʮԪ󽫣Ϊͳ˧ж
ڽӵʱ̾ϯСӪſڣץ֣԰˴мλá
ţм˧λ
ҲλãΪЩ֪֮ģ֪ͳ˧λãȻЩͣλȴЩˡ
Ȱ㼸ΣִⲻλҲֻˣȻλԱ߸һ
һûƴǣֱ˲λ֮ϡ
ȵ֮緢ض±ߵλ˵ڼϳƣ˰̵ϣ֮ڿϳƽҪڼϳΪ칦
˵仰֮±ߵڽ㿪ʼ˽
ĶǶѽֻԵһע⣬±Щ˵ʲô
ԭղŵֵµЩսĴҲЩѰ졣
ԭҲǳļ򵥣ȻѾ˼ϳǣڳеЩͽûзֿڹپÿǰһҪѪĴۡ
Щ̵ͽǷһùپǾٲά衣
ڵƽٶȣ˵ˣܹƽϳҲǺõˡ
ڵľƣȴϲˡ
ԭڸոյʱ򣬳͢Ѿһθʥּ
ٲ¼ϳǣ͢Ҫ˧ˡ
ȻѾֶûһҲ͢飬ŴߴֵµĴǸϽƽϳڵĻҡ
ڳʲôʲôʱˣ
ŭȣֵµЩһ
һƽһԼ֪ϳֿ͢ҲܹΥɣȥֻҪ֮ƽϳǣôپڼϳɻ졣
һ仰ֵµЩϵĻôǾͿԴչμϳǵĲƸ
Ҫ֪ϳǿɲǸСطĸ֮أڳеĸ̶ţëֻҪһѹΣô°뱲ӾͲóˡ
ļֵµЩҲ˵ˣһĵظ֤֮һƽϡ
һԵȴЩˣԸǼϳпľˡ
˧ҿǻһɡ
ĻǷǷӣȻ˵ʦʲô߼𣿡
߼ҵֻƶΪĻϣʱ»ծ˧˼С
֮΢΢һЦ
ҵʱ£ԭ⣿ʦصģԹսв˼޹ģֻҪܹﵽĿģЩҲûʲô
ڿЩŭˣΪΪƽĻҲеһԱ
˧ڴѾȲʤȯαʿҿ㻹ջسĺá
˵ʱѾվŭĿӡ
ûпŭӣֱӾͰˡ
ڽǻŸʲôϿٴ֮ҪǿϳƽҪǵԴ
Щǿֵ֮ѾЩҩζҲˣԱȭһɢ
ȵûˣŶ˵㻹Ĵ֪ϳֿܹ֮ôʱʱ䣬벻Щǵľġ
˵ȴЩͬǵײճǼϳеĺôܾǣȻƣԲܹõôʡ
ûֱ棬ݰ֣Ȼ˵ʦ˵ʲôˡȥϢɡ
˵仰֮Լվ뿪˴ʣһ
㿴ȥЩ㶡
ʱԼǲǰӣмӣôոյĳ壬ͶԼ̬ȱˡ
ϾѹƼϳǵϰѾԼˣȻûбҪԼίˡ
ϾǰʱԼǺìܵģĸ̵ܹڣѾؿˡ
ֻ̾һҲپˡ
ڻԼ̵·ϣͿʼתȦ飬̫ƽ¸Ͳܷģ͢ȷʵ˥ܵƽʱʮ侲ҲʼЩçײˡ
Ļô͢»һЩƵֵ´ңȺ۲
ԼʦҲкùӳԣ˥һǣԼ
ҿԼʯִָܹȥѣȻĻҲᱻ־֪ɳʲôɵ
̾һǣʱؽͬȥӢ۲ɡ
ȵصԼĴʵʱ򣬶ѾȻʵʵ㣬ղŽѵá
Ѿʰ̾뿪ط
ѾĻһ㶣ɫԣҲҼʣֻǼգʹɫ˼˵һʡ
ͽüëǿյģǿɲǶѾܹġ
ƽʱҲẦ¶Ѿڼüͷ壬ѾǳˣȻǲʦɫԵʱϹͣһͷûпѾһ
Ѿûа취ˣֻ˵뿪˴ʣʼѾʰȥˡ
һ뿪ǣǴŲأе˶ûһʱʱ䣬еұʰϣѾװˣ͵һ£Ǻ뿪ˡ
ҲŶһֱѾͼͽܸϳȻ뿪˴Ӫȥ
һ·˼ʮһСɽϣͣ£˳֮վɽϳй
ֻڵļϳǣǱһ֮вͣһ˿ƽѪڷڡ
֪ЩѪÿһһ
ЩѪԽԽ࣬ҲоһЩ˿֮ԼϾ£


421 ѵ
㿴ЩĲ֮оһԼһιƼϳմȾ
ôԹԼϣЩͷԣҪ֪оʵʱǵģҪ˵ºԼϵҲ
ô£Թҵ˹һͣԼһ߾ۼҪھۼȥԼոճɾ͵ɣҲᱻλ
ֻһ˲ͷҲ˲ЩˣϥĬĬпʼͨеĹ
ڸԼԮѽΪ֪ƾԼҪƳЩ²ôףֻǽЩܵĹ£ǿл⡣
޾άеĹиС
ֻһ̾һЮĹ£ʱͿռάȽ䵽ڵλ档
ǰĻôĹºͷҪ²ôףڵʱΧ컯СѾȫĲԤˡ
⣬ܿľʹԽϡ
ʱѾˡ
һҲ֮ͨͿԿͷ֮ĻɫͺɫϢڲͣĳͷϵ⡣
ͷϵⱻƵĻôЩͺܹ㣬֮Уʱض˥ܣ˥
üʱ룬ϣųһĲɫĹ⻷Щ⻷ǹĹ¡
Щ¹һų̾ͺߵЩͻʼڣͬʱʧڿռ֮С
˴һʱϵĻͺ˥֮ĲӰ˴ʱһȻ۾
һգҪԼйԮԼѾˡ
ͬʱҲЩŭˣˣиԼ°ѽ
ĻǵԼûʲôϵôЩùȫ䵽Լͷˡ
ȻЩľګҲɵӣֻ΢һ˼еİ
ⶨȻˣİϷԼܹĲ֮ήͳ͢ϣԼ͢ѽ
뵽ʱҲٿˣֻһıǰѱǱʶдһȻֱӪȥ
ʱӪ֮еԼĸıʿȾء
˧һǺƣӽԺ¾û˵˧бˣֻ˵ʦ
ýʣһֻ°ϲڵĺӣȻ˵˧Ҳô죬Ϊ˳͢ƣҲò²ߣʦˡ
תͷ˵ڳ͢ʦͣҲί
ԭոյ뿪͵õϢ۾һתһ⡣
ԭԹǶǺ£ҪǱȥԹٵµĶҲŹضʷʱʷ֮ϱضųꡣ
ڿЩˣʱԼôĳͻͲ֪һ룬ںˣԼƵǽˡ
㲻ôˮͶƵˡ
Ӫ֮еĴ󽫴ղ˵ȫϣԺ˵ȥ˵ǹʦǿѹ˧ǵ
ЩǾӪеĴ֪ô£ֵµЩС֪ѽûж೤ʱ䣬ǵϢʹӪЩʿǵĵ£еЩҲ֪ˡ
һ¿ɺãϳǵĵ˫֪һǵµģ˱ɱЩԹɢžۼһߡ
ͼĸıʿȾ죬ΪʱͻȻ֮һ󻪹⣬Ż⻮оʣֱͷ­ȥ
ҲվɣȻ˵һֱۣǻǷǳģһо鲻ԣ̾Աһ
ټֻһѵҪԱٶЩ
ԱߵλıʿɾûôõˣֻǸùǼı
˱űһӴ׶
ıɱ˼Ѫ֮ڱ֮д˸ȦȻһͻƴʵʶʧ
ڶ֮󣬾Ѿγϵ䵶ضıֱʧ˿
֮Ҳǳһ亹ղһգҪ飬ѾԱߵʦүһȪˡ
ͬʱҲףͣһضܹȡԼ֮Է˱ٶȣŹԼǿҲǲﳯ͢Լһ̨¡
̾˿ˮļƻٽȥˣĻñ£Լ»Ӳһ֮
ҾԼɱˣ͢еЩҲΪԼ˵ģϾڳֵܹ͢еĿҲǿˡ
˵ɽϵһ֣ǱԼǰȻñţȻڱ֮һɵѪ֮
Ѫ֮вûκβղһȻ˵ӭˡ
ҪģֻǸԷһѵ֪ԼҲǺǵģԺ¾Щ
˱վܸЩ˵ûʲôˣʰң̡
֮صԼ֮ϡ
ҲϽȻ󳵶һУʼƺƵȥ
һ·ҹޣ˼ĹƺӵĶɿڡ
ʱɾͲˡ
ֻʱڻƺӶɿһСջס˽ȥȻڸѰҴֻԱɺӡ
ڻƺɿڱɴĴ٣ֻһĹǾԼ߰󴬣ԼһЩ˹ӡ
ϵʱķ´·Ȼ˿ջĴúͽǳ˶ٷȻʹŶѾ˶ͷ
ոյһ߰˸ຩƤڵĴ򣬹ͷ
ԭʱӶֻЩˣҲЩҫǵǵĹʦ
ЩֱҪصǹʦ֮󣬾ʹùģǷͷһ£ԼЩϰǵЩٹˣ󼸸һֻǺź򣬸Ͽ͹
߰˸ľͷǰ򣬾ǺʱֻҪǸŵһ仰ЩСͿҪ
Ҳ֪Щ˵˼ֻΪİʮֵĺ𾴵ҲŶѾͷһ
ЩƥͳȻǸˣЩòѾ˲ġ
һشĶȷʵǶֱ࣬ʱŰеĶȫϴȥʱѾǿҪˡ
ΪӵǾЩµģǰľ׼ķˣȻĻǿ¾ҪŶӹˡ


422 
Թ֮Ŵϴһߺȣ߰뿪˰ߣʼƺƵмȥ
Ҫ˵ƺ֮ӿȣˮļԹдֵա
ƫƫɽһξ룬ˮƷǳƽҲʮֵĿ
ڹӵĶɿڣǴһκϡ
ȻˮƽȻ˵ԣվڴͷ֮ϣŻƺӵĺָָ㡣
˴Ĵϴ󣬿ЩٹûмһҲ΢΢Цҡҡͷ
ȵееʱͻȻֻڻƺӵ´һĺ֮һŭںӵŭ
ͶѾȻûмڻ̽ͷ̽ԣ뿴Ǵʲôط
ŴǸϴɫò԰ףеĴҲЩòˡ
ȷǴĲͷϽĻͷʵ˼ңô£
ʱϲǸϴɫСҲѾˣղŽдŵòᡣ
ϴʻֻǶ߶µĻشүɲˣеĹҪˡ
֮һüû뵽컯֮¾ȻйֳָΣһԼǰҫҲ֪أأ
ʹһһ֮䣬ֳ
һ״ɫðˮ棬沨ƮΡʱһϨˣȴһȻðڽϡ
ɫӰһߵĴ֮󡰸¸¸¡Ѽһ˼ȻͲˮƽһ߱۶
ϵҲѾʼǵһЩѾŵ̱ڵء
Ǹϴ򶨣ʼĺС
ˣϿöȥȻ˴Ƕꡣ
ϴһ仰ЩСǺҲѹ͵ֻҪǺӰһ̾͹ϡ
ǺӰҲ֪ʲôɵģǵĹȥͺ޻һǺӰûκε˺
ʱѾ۹չ
ⶫ˵ҲǸԹսʿµԩ꣬Ȼۣǳһ֡
СȻǲмֵģתͷһɫЩ԰׵ĶѾ˵Ѿѧʱ䲻̣ҲЩͽ㣬ѧıܲó
ѾĻϾһ£Ȼ㣬ջس
ѧһñĶѾ̾Ͱ
ʦģС½ˡ
˵⻰ʱѾֺͲղŵûµӡ
ҲƣֻȥͷȻ˵ʦں߿أȻ¡
ĳŵѾӵĴˣվ۷Ź⣬ЩԾԾԡ
ȥɣҪٵʱˡ
Ѿ˵ͷȻԱùһСֺ֮򴬱ȥ
İ˸ҲǺֵͣѾǰȥҲһε㡣
㱻˸ӿЩ죬ֻĵͷȻӻֱǸѾһȥˡ
˵Ѿ˴ߣŴæҵĿʼҪϴǺӰ
Ѿֵ˵λ岮˺󣬿ҵֶΡ
Щֻǻͷһ¶ѾȻߵʱû˵һʼԸˮеǸӰ
ѾЩйһҲӦãԼֻһСŮģ˭޷Ըˮе֡
˶ѾҲٺЩ˷ϻֱӾʹеİȡһѼȻǺӰķֱӾ˹ȥ
ѼֻͨĶһ뿪Ѿ֣̾ͷųһҫ۵Ĺâ
âڰо۳һɫļȻͷľǺеĹȥ
ůеĹҲǾѣǽ£̾һû뵽˺ˮ֮С
ɫļˮ֮󣬺ǱʲôǣȻ޷£󻯳ɵĵʧ˿С
ѾԱ߿ԿһҪ֪Ѽʩչˡŷ
ŷѧͷһΪͨŷϵ츳ҲǳĽ
û뵽ԼͷһȻԷˣǳЩģ˲򶫱ߵ㿴˿
ʱ㣬۾գͲöѾ˼˿գֻ취
ǶѾһ£Ȼӻȡ˼ŷֽ֮дʣȻ󵱿һס
⼸ŷ뿪Ѿ֮̾ͻ˼Ż棬֮Щ澹Ȼֱû뽭С
뽭еĻ棬ûϨ𣬷ڽȼյĸ
ԭѾʩչˮרܿꡣ
Ȼ⼸ӽ˽֮󣬾ͿʼͣȻ󣬽Žг˶ʼѸٵӡ
һ⽭ٴοʼһ͵Ĵӽˮд˳ȻŵĻǣѾЩ˺
ڶѾҪٽӰһʱͻȻֻļϴܳһӰӡ
ӰޣһܿʹܵǺӰϷȻ󻯳ŵŨ⣬Ӱεİס
Ѿһ֪ϵǸСѾˡ
ѾЩԸˣҪ֪һοʦָԼĿ飬Сʲôӡ
˶Ѿæк
ڻ㶯ֵʱ򡣡
ļҲæкСϿʡԼʦ
һǸСӤǳ˳һǸӰûѾ
ҲһߵɴķۣŽĿȥ
ķ֮УСڱޱȣڴڴڵǸӰ
ǸӰɣСӤɷأۿҪѹƲסΪıܣȻСڴڵǰʳ
̾˿ȥС¾Ҳֲסԣʱ¾ͻΪһĻ
СȸԼ£Լܿǲòˡ
ֻӻȡȻ󵱿վһӡ
ǿͷųһεĲƣܿľӵСӤ
űСӤסǸӰܵε͵СӤ򿽹ȥ
СʧȥӰ֮ȴЩʧǣȻĵ׷ϡ
ǸӰû˿ǸСӤȻʼצ
΢΢һЦֱ֣ӾץסǸСӤĲӣֵ֮ĿСӤĶͷ͵¡
£ϾͰѴʧرԵСӤ˻ã۾߿˿Ȼ޹ԼԴ֮ɵļϣװ۵Ӳ˲㣬ʾС
ʱѾҲܵԣһѾקСӤȻƨɾ˼¡
СѾѾˣȫʧȥ˸ղŵʶڲ֪ѾΪʲôҪԼ
СӤһ֣¶ҪٴңҾͿ޸㿴ӡ
ԱȰ˼£ѾĲŷŹСȴݺݵĵһۣ˼Եľ棬ҪٲԼ½һٺᡣ


423 ׳
ʱǳĴҲл
лʦү֣ӽԺٹʱҲĹֳûˡ
ϽǰȥϴȻ˵˼ҿˣ޵֮˵ı֣һл֡
Ȼô˵ǸϴȻǧлһҪָĸͷ¶
ʵѲֻϴˡ
ȻǷƽ˾Ǻܿľ͵˻ƺӵĶ԰֮˽һʱѴϵƥᵽͷ
ɫѾЩˣǸϲ·ˣȻֻһڶͷһСջҪЪϢһҹ̡
Щð죬ԭһߵĶͷʮֵķ̲ϣ˿ջѾסˡ
ǸϴҲջ쵽һƫƧǻɾĿջ֮УһϢ֮
ڶϣ̣Źܵȥʮһ֧飬˹ȥһʣ֪һҪεĶ顣
֪ڳ֮еĹʦ֮󣬸ϽĴϹٷ
ǰȻҪԷʩ񣬵һݲͬˣֻ϶˵ͷ㲻
ǸȻգĻϲ
ΪݿɲͬǵĹʦƷһԷ
ڹʦȻ֮¶˵ͷǶôҫ
Ȼ˸߲ҵĴ˻صԼĶ֮󣬶ԼӺһĴꡣ
ЩҲĴ굱ٵģһĽĿ
ֻһĹվԶ¶Ц۹⡣
Ӻһ𣬻ڹٵʻһ죬ϵʱһС
Ҳǰ˽ﰲˣʱ˻ƨƨߵһ
ʦ¹ѾС֮аס޵ĵط֪ʦܷ¹źź򡣡
ЩС£Ȼǲ⣬ֻǴԼѾ߶ԷǾӼҪ˷ѡ
ĻȻĻϲǰߴ·֧ܿͽС
ȴ֪֧ƺƵǻѾ˱˵ע⡣
֧С֮ſھһü۵ˣĵĸ
ǽСȻһӱԵĿջջŻӴ󣬶ʰҲɾĵ˵ͷǻ¶
ӵˣԼҲʹ죬˺Ժ
ֻԺʮ䷿ӣǸǽֻһܹʮּ̡
㿴˸ӵˣط̣Ӧòʲô
ҪǸʱͻȻһŮ
үطɲǺôģҼǻջĺá
˾һ㶣Ȼ󶼰ĿͶǸ˵Ůӡ
ֻȺĲԶվһĸʮ꣬ӢŮӡ
Ůò֪ЩǱЦ˵ס껹ʲô˵ҿطǳļ̣ѹǺõط
ŮҲʮֵ֪ǰһ򸣣Ȼ˵үط̣ʵɱԽĳӦǱǿˣǹ
ЦЦȻ˵ҿɿʲôģҽ컹סˡ
վԱߵΪ㲻ˣϽŮʹɫ
Ůֻǹ˵һȻ˵ҿլı̵ĵطҹ죬үүڴϣ𷢳а취Ը
ŮӸӸȤˣŮӵʲôˣȻĵԡ
ټǵ֮ҲһЩСë˾͵˵ͷȻ˽Ϣȥˡ
˺ܿͽԺʰһ飬Ȼҷ䰲Ъ
ֻǸŮӲûлϢȡ˲͵ƣͥԺе¡ԼϾװ£ЬϹŷĵУԾŶϣſϵš
Ůȴ֪ķͶѾԺš
ʦ֣˵Σ𣿡
֪ŮŵӣӦýϻʲô
ѾԴںнǸӰ֮󣬵ԽԽ
ʦ֣ҪҪҳȥŮһ֮ʡʱչ˲ܣǵĻʧ
Ͱĵ￴ϷɣŮӾȻ˵󻰣ȻЩ£һȵвʱٳȥҲ١
Ѿʦֲͬ⣬Ҳֻƫƫ죬
ʱⶼһƬ
õ˽ͷǵеľ뢣ټһȺջΪڻɱԽǸɵƯڼʱ侹Ȼû˷ǡ
ͷټԼ£ȻѡõˣŰ׻λεĵӺǽݶĵܣԷӳ
Ƚһȥ̽Ǻܾöȥ
ͷʲôµ඼ǸŮѽˡ
ţֽȥҲˡ
ھɵҲ֪治ͷˣʱͷɲйʿֻǰοԼ˵ãˣԼȥҪǿУǻȫˡ
ͷԾԺУĴû¹֮УѾغˣοԺŵţͷ­ͱصػһ£̩ɽѹһأһɶԶ˵ϡ
ţһ˷Ծǰͷ뿳ȥ綼סˣֱֻһаѵӹһȥˣţֱסҲ޷תˡ
ͷڿŵòᣬ֪Լ˽ϲ˵ĸ֡
ҪĵʱͻȻһεεкŮ
ǰ֧򣬽⣬ͷſסԼһŮӡ
Ů΢΢Цһ£Ҽ֪ͣǸ֣Ȼͷˣǵغ˲˰ɣҪɱˣӹµ֮ҵĵ䣡
˵֮ʹӻȡһҩȻŸֵͷϻ󽫰еķĩ˿ϡ
ͷֻϺһʹ̣žͲʡˡ
ߵһҲǾеĸˣǸŶԺӡ
һҵëѾŮӸסˣЩҲֻǸɿš
ҲڶŮӵǰ˵ֲ֪ʿȻһЩ¡
ûеŮӻشѾԺУյԵǸȴȿ˵ˡ
ʦһѵŮ׳á丸һʦʹǹһ¶
ֲأԭӢ֮󡣡
׳ȻոǿϾһŮӣĿ佱Ѿͨ졣
վԵĶѾĴҲʮֵĽΪղ׳õļ¶ƾ⹦ԼԵУСӤֻɽĻ治Ķ֡


424 ɱ
ҸϢ˵ڶ˽ͷ͵˸Ĺٸһοʼ̡
һشж˰·ϵʱ˵ЦرǶѾǸ׳ãԼһϵĹ¡
׳öСҲЩϲ԰ԣΪһҪע
һ·ǰУֵܿ˰ʱ֣صѾûˡ
ȥǰˣһСׯͶޣ˴ҲӽŲҪ֮ǰס޵ĵط
ǾʱͻȻڹٵӿϰˣЩ˸ֱһӾͰΧм䡣
龰ѾŵûЩվסˣҲǼ棬ɳ߹ģС浹ǲϡ
׳ֱֳУһ˶ǰߣеĸǹԶĺ˺ϵ·ѣɡ
ã׹ǻͷɽҡ
ĳǽϷӡ
вգǹҲ
Щֲʲô£׳֣¾һ
ԭ˶ǽϺպĺܣÿһ϶һӲ˳
ֻһĻ׳ûԵֵһˣԼѱˡ
֪ҲҪȥ֣ĻСԼ
׳һеĸǹŶһָ
ǶϵĿܣô·ٵ飬ȥҲ¶档
С㲻ضԣǸٽĶһҪõʶĸϿ뿪ȻĻҲӲ
ںЩ˵ĶԻ㿪״ʲôȻ˽ɱ
黹ûˣ·˴ҽġ
ţתͷ˿
۹һ̾ͺǱһȻܿˡ
һӿ϶й
Ҳżˣ׼վ￴ϷˣҪһôճ
ʱǰߵ׳˵ˡ
ȻǾûʲô˵ˣһ·ӢҹϼС
˵Щ֮׳û˻еĸǹ
Щ˻࿴˿һ۾һ˿⣬ž˶飬׳õǰ
ĸߴֱ۴лһ׳÷ǳƵĸǹ
׳۾һ֮Ҳ𻰣ͦǹ̡
Ǹ˼æ̧ǹֵֻǹڰײ
ֻॡһĸɽ¶ʼЩ
ٿϵˣ׳ñһɿ⣬Ǹֻ
׳ü龰üͷһ壬֪ԷǿԼܺƴ˽ʩչСɵĹǰѸǹһĺȥ
ҲʾԼеĴǹҵһһ׳ôǹܴӦ
վȺе㿴ųм˶ԵУüΪЩͷˡ
Ȼļңֻ׳ڲͣĽǸֻڵ֡
ڶԵУʦָͽܰ
ϵ׳ҲԷѾߵͨ졣
Դ׳ѧ׵߽ȻҲϹ֣ǴûǱ
˷ǰԼˣ
뵽ʱ׳òľͷģеĸǹҲʼտʼ
ǺȻǿ͸˼ֻͻȻǰһеĸǹһֱ׳õʺ
׳ȻģǹڣһֻһֱţоһƴһţǸǹЯźŶ
׳ҲٵֵһӷȦ⡣
ʱ׳ѾŵЩľսû뵽ԷĹȴлҪ
ĸ˲ûм׷ĸǹ׳˵ŮޣҼ㹦򲻲ǸŮֻ֮Ҫ㲻ˮҷ뿪
׳֮һŭ
ס죬׳ŮҲ֪ܣѣ롣
˵仰֮׳ֶ˶еĴǹȻᶨ˵ѣطϻ
˵֮ҲٷϻеĴǹٴȦڡ
Ǻҡҡͷͦǹ׳ôս
һվǼʮغϡ
ʱںȺǸԳƻͷɽҵˣⳡоһĴȡ
֣ôôԸһСѾͷķŲֽţ㲻Уõһߣʰ
ֵĺˣһеĸǹֵ׳ãһ߻ͷ˵˵ʲôϻǱ߲ǻСеǲضܡ
ǻͷɽϴ⻰ӣûмִеĸֵǰǴȡ
ԱߵʶĻ±Ͷк֮ǵĻһҲˡ
ԷĺװµӶԵ˵ô㵽ʲôǾǣĻǵȫˡ
ҲͷĴ󺹣Ȼҧ˵ǣҾһСϴЩ˽ʲôʦϽ֣ǵ
ԭǰϣϡ
Ҳ֮飬Ȼܱ͢ΪʦȻͨ
ԸǰЩëǻֵ
ڵŪԭίȻ֣װεĳ̾һ
Ҳֻ֣ʱг˲ӣһʱƣȥҲЩ˶֣ҿ㻹취ɡ
˵֮Ͱͷתһߣˡ
龰ϵĺðˣһֲźһԱһֱİ
ǶǸŻͷɽϴ󣬿ûԷûлشһӣʮආһ߳
ʱվһԾԾԵĶѾ̲סˣͻȻǰһָڶѾǸʬ˳ȥֱǰǻͷɽϴ
ǻͷɽϴ󰡣ֱԼΪĸ̲סˣеĸֵһɽֱǰ˵ͷ­
ǽʬӭĸֵǶҲ㣬ֱ֣ͷɽϴظ
ǻͷɽϴ¾һˣҪԼͬھѽ
Լдõ껪ҪʳҪԣСҪãôͶԷͬ
ˣ⻢ͷɽϴæɽ˳ˮۡ
һǱ󵶾ͻһߣֱԼֻ֡
ֵͶԷһֻһ𣬷ˡѵһײ
ֻͰѶ⻢ͷɽϴһһ¿˽ʬһֻϮ֣ӵ
ٴ֮ԶԶŸֵüɵ񣬿ŮװĽʬ
Ϊͷɽϴɲ֪ǽʬΪһλϵĸ֣ѾһĹ˵ǹĵز


425 
ڶԷһĹǽʬһԾ𣬴϶£ֻںڵֱ֣ǻͷɽϴͷ­
ͷɽϴ龰æеĸֵǰȥмܡ
һ˫һ𣬲ǻͷɽϴֻһŻڱѣеĸֵҲץסˣȻǽʬȥ˼ɵľ롣
ǻͷɽϴҲڽϲɱģеĸֵѱ䣬֪ãҲٺͽʬؽżأ˻ԼӪ֮С
ٶȿ죬ǽʬٶȱֿϼ֣ûתȥǽʬ˫ѾˣһҲסˣֻһǽʬѾı壬һǻͷɽϴͱʬץС
˵ʵ˶Ҳһգ۵Ĺ
Щڻͷɽϴ׼ĺˣûеȽӽʱ򣬾ͿǵĵҵģѾԷһָˡ
һ¿ɰڳ˶סˣû뵽ԻͷɽϴĹڶԷǰûл֮һӤҪսһֱӱһƸˡ
ǣǽʬȴûֹͣһ˦е࣬Ȼ͵һԾͳ嵽˺м䣬һβпɱ
Щ˸տʼ뷴ٵǹ⽩ʬͳˡ
ڼ֮ǲŷӦԼϴΪʲôôͱɱˡ
ǰŮӷһǹĽգǵ磬ԷֻǶԷһ֣ԼߵֵܾһҪ¡
⻹ô
ЩЩģѾﵽȦ㣬ֻҪŮԼ̾ܡ
ʱΨһûжֵǸϷӣҲʼ
Ҫ˵Ṧû˵˵ǽϣڽҲܳƵӺ
Ҫ֣ĹǻͷɽϴԼǸǹǲԶˡ
ڣͷɽϴѾɥǹѾǸ׳òסԼһĸ֣ʣһˡ
Ҫ˵ȥǸŮӶսٽһӣҲҡ
ǻͷɽϴǿĹҲֻһ˲ͱǸŮӸɱˣҪȥֵĻᶼûС
һǶ֣֮УҲܰ;ϣĻȥ֮Ҳûкùӳԡ
Ҫֻ辶ˡ
۾һתȻͿսϵĺߣһȺ档
ڷԷӪ֣ѾǷǳѵˣڶ¶һЩҷǸŮӱȺ²סĹԼ䲻⣬Ҳܹס˵ԣʱܲսʤ
뷨֮󣬷۾˷ܵĹâԽԽʵ̲סˣսĥһ£ͻȻֻżأξһһĻߡ
ʱɱЩ˵ĽʬҲ˷ӣֻҲǰһ壬͵˷ӵǰ
ӵṦȷʵۼ⽩ʬԼǰȻһͶ˽ʬƵı󣬽Ҳ⽩ʬٴνżأֱһ߾ͳ˹ȥ
ǷֻգۼԽ˼ʮɵľ룬һߡ
ǸѾɵۣʲôֵŷĵˣ
ѾԷֱԼ΢΢һЦȻһԼļ
ǺͿһ󲨶Ȼһֱеķӡ
ǸеķӣûۣͿʵһӤѾǰ
ǷӾ;һĿ飬ڰеҲȲסˣֱӾˤ˵ϡ
ûе;ԼϵѪĳһѾ̰
Ѿ΢΢һЦŷӵķ֡
žһεĲٴλص˶Ѿļϡ
վ￴ŶѾ΢΢ҡҡͷСѾͷԭͷ
һսϵƷ˱仯ԷͷǱס촦һ̱ڵأ޷ж
ЩսϵආѾǽʬɱЩˣûʲô˵ˣҪ
һɢ
ǽʬԾҪ׷ϣõʲôֹͣжȻ󼸸䣬صȺ֮У˶Ѿ
ڴ·ϣҲֻ׳úǸǹ
Ƶı仯ǸǹѾû˼ٺ׳ôˣ۾ĴţϿˣʡıǸĸָס
׳ѾĹʩչ˼£һѸǹΧǹ·ɣһʱѲ
㱾뿴󿴿ʲôߣڱѾƻˣû취ֻǸϿսپʡõһ
һڶѾϵβһηɳֱۣǹ
ǹ׳ýأͻȻоԼϾһžҲʹеĸǹҲץסˡ
Ҳսḻ˳͵˵ϣ׳̳ǹ
ڵ֮Ҳûվˣ׳õеĸǹѾʺ
Ǹǹ龰ҵһЦȻ˵ְɡ
׳ҡҡͷȻѸǹһŻش𣬡ҲĶ֣ղҪңҿаҲûˡ׳ŮҲ֪壡߰ɡ
˵֮׳þͰеĸǹȫ˻˼
Ǹǹ׳һۣȻοĵ˵ͷ֮ǿӣһȳһյʧ˸С
׳ÿǹʧķüͷ˼£Ϊ˵ʽʵ̫Ϥˣֱ͸״Լǹһģһ
ֵǣ˵ǹ̫ͨ¾ԼĸˣԵҲǶ֡
ѵԼʦŵĳҲûѽ
Լʦŵĳ˭ֻڸղɱʱĹԼ
׳ð˼ʱǸѾںˡ
ﲻɷǸˣϽˣ͵ٸ֮ҲǴһ
׳˼˴ˣõǸһۣȻеĸǹƵ»صҲǸ֪ˡ
֪ؼ׳òЩãʲô¹Цݣ֮ԼԵһˣʾ˼¡
ǸЦЦܿߵ׳õԡ
ŮҲʮڽʣûµĹְ׳úüЦ͸ղŵĲûзһ
㿴ųϵ΢΢̾˿׳ȻոǿǳȫıС
Ǳ˼ҵ飬ԼҲܲţָӶ鿪ʼǰУٵϵʬҲܡ
ҲµҪԺٸ鿴ΪʲôôˣȻ׷ǡ
ǸʱԼȻû£ǸɾЩ鷳ˡ
ȻҲһ٣ǣֻһƷ⸽ĹٸûбҪΪСٶʮ˵Ĵ¡
Ǹʱ벻¶ҲС


426 Ļ
һǰʮľ룬һһСׯǸΪһԺ
Ҳ飬ˣڳߣ˸ԳЩصźõķϢˡ
ҹ˾ʱ򣬴ҶѾϢˣֻǸȻڴϣȡ
˯ԵǸˣԼҵү˯æʵү鲻ǹ㻹ʲôĵģ
ˣ·һ룬εĲɱ۽·֪жգǵϣҲûһʱһܹ
Ǹֻ΢΢һЦҲӴ֮ſıϣ˵үһҪǳ¶ǴĹʱ򹫺
˵ô˵һʵ̫ˣҿϢѾ©ˡ
ǸҲüͷ黵һȻýϵ˵õϢ
ֻǽϵ˲ͼǱļֵпԭҪĸˣ֪Ǳô¾ͲôССˡ
үǸʦǱ첻СҽǶʱǸʦõõʱȡ㿴ô
˵ĻҲ¶һľϲܿͰȥ
ĹʦȻǱ첻Сǿ۾
΢΢һЦȻ˵ǹʦȻǾޱȣôƭҿʦǸɵֻҪԵЩֶΣǸСһǵС
۾һȻʣ͸Ǻð죬ôȡأ
Ҳûʲôѵģ
ŵ˵һ·գҺǸСҲǻ֮һʱȥݷãǸʱŮһ˵ȻҪǸʦʱֻҪʩֶΣܰѶû
ԵǶλʮֵΣô˵Ҳͷˡ
ãͰѶ͸ǸСʱǾͷֵ𡣡
үģȻ˴¡

ڶ죬֮󣬴ҸϴѱϣǸõɣУ˵ǽͲ˳·ˡ
һ·ռٵıˣڼҪ߻Щ᲻ãĴɲҡ
ҲΪСǮ͵˼ҵгѽֻʹĽͳСԺ
ȵѾ뿪תԼͽϽʰҲ̡
һ·ϻƽҲûʲô۶ӳ
һ·ܾЩԾΪоһ޵ߣͣԼĳ֮С
֪ԼĸоǲģһλڼԼ
ǰȻǶһ²һ£ûзһǰ
ôҲ綥ĸ֮һô˵ķ
ȻԷ÷ԼôԼҪԷһ֪֪ԼʦҲǰ׵ġ
뵽̾·ͣ˳֮ǽ¶Ӫˡ
˸֪뷨Ϊ£Ҳɣ̾Ϳʼ׼
ȵһаźܼ֮һæǰæĸ׼Եġ
ѾΪǵʦãǴүһֻСϻļͽָӵǵת
˿֪λ̵ϹָӸͲκεԹΪѾϹָӣٶȷ࣬Ҫѵ˶Ѿһ䣬ǻ֪ʲôʱܹӪá
ڳԹ֮ɢΪɾת˸һСɽϡ
ϥɽʼĬԼʼ֮뵽˸γ֮УȻٵɢ
һ·ԲʮĶĿ֮£һһһӲĸӦ
ĸӦ֮УΧ֮һ޵ڲͣϵڶѾϡ
һüʲôˣĵӣҰ򵽶ѾϣѵЩĲ֪Լ
˼ʱڶѾͻȻ֮ðһֵĲⲨޣȴŸɽ˿ʼŲ£
һ㶣ȻϾͻȻˣѾӦ·ϵõʲô˲˿֮ġ
⵽ʲôıȻܹӹԼĸӦ
Ҫ֪Ѿֻмߵľ룬ûиӦʲôǸ˾ȻǧɽˮܼŶѾѵԷĹľѾԼ
ܿʹͷҪ֪ǵ֮ȻһģҪȫѹǻܵġ
ôһˣԷʲôıܺͶѾϵǼӦ
Լ취ˡ
뵽зԣ취飬ˡǣǰá飬ٷСǷǽڵʦʱ
еž䣬ܹߵڰףŪ
һ꣬ڶѾϾͲһӰĲЩϵǳŶѾκ֮аȥ
ѾǱ޵ĲҲѹȥҲɲˡ
ڶѾһѾ伣ʱǼӶѾĲͻȻǿࡣ
ǲѾˣȫļӴǿĵزΪⲨһĹâ񼫹һ
һ¶˵ˣڳ˶ѾˣرǶѾôҲеһξ룬ڷӦ
ֻӵϱ־ó˲ڻеļȻķš
ǸһֱϵĹӤҲƮ˰֮У¶Ρ
һֱڶѾԵĽʬҲǹ巢һֻҪеˣ̾Ҫȥһ
ɽϵԷ޼ɵҲˣֻڲмû뵽ԷĲʶȤȻͱԼˡ
󽫾𣬽̤߽ǣ£ɷ֮Թ֣аħ֮ҳ䣬˴ҲҲаħߣһ٣̫Ͼ
䣬ǽ۵նƵз
꣬ͻȻһ̧֣һԼı󱦽ԶʶȻС
̧ű͵һ
ֻһⱦеʲôϵĹâʼѸٵɢ
ǧ֮һɽ֮УһһüĿϵеһͭѾƳ˼Ƭ
ϵеͭˣ̾һĲҺ
ϵĽ̾;ˣϾ߰˸ϵŶķ䡣
Ϊ׵һʵʦ֣ʲô飿
Ǹ뷢԰״üĿϵˣҧҧ˻֣˵ûʲô飬ֻһǸԻȥЪɡ
ⴳļϵ࿴˿Ȼ۾Ҳһ˿Ĺâ֮һ˳ϵķ䡣


427 ؼ
׺ϵʦ֮һ֮ϳ˼ãзųһ˿ɫ
һԼ͵ʴ˰ףеıҲˣڴѾ˷λֻҪҵǼܹδ֮·ռȻ
ϵ֮һγ̾һվţԺӿеķǡ
˿ϵǳûʲôϵޱѾʼ˼ǡ
Ѿ˷ǳԵİʾˣϾҪˣµĻʳҪڵǸٴʱˡ
һյĿ飬һĻԵ
ʧܣȻµᱻʳѹƣ겻÷
ҪԼֵɹôǵɾܽʳˡɵ棬ǵҲܹˣʢ˥
ǺɽɾΪһʧܣµѹƣ⼸ɵɽ
ǰһʱʱɽͻȻǺɽɵˣʼѸٵڣѹ˼ĺɽɣȻʼˡ
λʶڵĻʳѾĩµҪʼˡ
ڲ֮λóԼɽɵɷ̽һεȻ
Ȼһ˲õķȻڻҵΪǺɽҵһݾ
Ҫ̽ݾôµʱ򣬶汻̽ǸﾹȻ˷ӦֱķԼɵҲˡ
ԼɽһˣҪֲ嵽ô£ҲԼʦһððʧʧĲ
⵹ϵ£ΪǺɽɺòװ˼ѹƣ˳ͷϣɲΪԼһʱ̰ٱѹƼꡣ
Ļǵĺɽɿ¾Ҫ伣ˡ
ڶ죬ϵԼļʦܽһǽɽţ˽ɽԼ룬˱ƮȻ뿪˺ɽֱ϶ȥ

˵һԴһʩ˵˵Ŀ֮̽һ·ƽ£ܿͻص˺Ͽء
ϢͱȨ̽ˣľʮﳤͤ㡣
һ˸ոսӽ̾죬Ȩʹűصĸǹڵأӭ㡣
㲻ӦĹأæҪȥûͱͽסˡ
ʦݲͬˣͽʦһ˰ɡ
һ£Ͼʲô˼ˣվס˽Ų΢΢ĵͷ¶֮ɫ
ͬ⣬ǰȨ˵ǰ
λףλˣʦһ·Ͷ٣ͲӼλˣʦϢˣ¾磬λ磬ʱλ͹⡣
Ȩ֮󣬸Ͻеһĳơǡ
Ǿ͸ϽÿĴ·ĳӻͨ
ȨҲҾôɢˣǸԳŽӸĳ֮󣬻Ľسǣֱ˽˵ۣŸɢȥ
صĵۺ;ǵȫĲͬǰһЩ½ģȻµģȴ࣬ݲ¼ʮһס
ڰס޵ʱȴ鷳ͶѾȻеطסѾߣҲסԭȵķ
ǽİ˸ͽܾЩˣѾ䷿䣬ÿסĸˡ
ǴЩǣҲֻǽסڸھӼңԺô죬취ЩܹٻĹӸǣЩܲˡ
ȥ㱧ԹЩҲûǵӣƾٳ˴ʦȥҶѾñ߹ģЩӸǳǮѵһЩ
ʦֵܵίУڴɨԺӵĶѾԡ
ڶѾƽվ˰죬Ҳ֪ôڡ
ǶѾЩȥˣеɨһͣȻ۾ʵʲôֱ˵ŤŤǶ
Ѿ˵ͨ죬ҧҧǿˡ
ʦãҿЩСסôˣǻǮһ°ɣ
Ѿ۾һܿ´һ£Ȼ͡һЦ˳
Ǽ˵İɣ
ǺǣʲôҲӲʦõķۡ
Ѿ̧ͷǵ˼һ¾Ͳ¸׼
ʦ㿴ҵ˼ô
Ѿͷһ£Ȼε˵ʦһɵˣ²Ӧµ۵ġ
ҲһΣʵЩǸô죿
ѾҲһΪѣǰĶѾͰЩǶˣʱܹźûЩˣЩþ
Ѿǣֻǣһת⡣
ǲǮ𣿶໨ǮѸǵЩסţÿźǣϻȥ˯Ҳһ𣿡
˶Ѿĵ⣬εĵ˵ͷûа취ۣиõľס£Ҳʤˡ
ڶѾֹʱͻȻʹķгˣȻһվԺмĶѾȻ˻˷䡣
еķ»·أæģҪȥϴˮˡ
Ǽոճ˻Щ졣
ô£ϴˮ𣿡
۾һת㽿ߵܵԣȻֹ
Ʋһۣлֱ˵Ӹ˭
ǰ㣬СǰЩĶԴ޳ɵ֮Ҳ֪ôˣ÷ǳԣһ۾ץסһ˵в
Լĸ鹥Ʋãֻǵͷ˵ҿѾСſֹʮҲôǣֻ˻ˡ
֮üͷһ壬Ȼվ˴ߣָͷ˴ֽȻһ۾ۿ
Ȼ˵Ѿںվﻥ˵Ц˷ǳܡ
üвľһŭ
Ͼ;ˣŪĿ̫ͻȻˡ
һæĴ˴ϣתѹеһǴƽ
ڵЩɲҪ֪̫ҽּĵմ
Źϴ̫Ͼ˵ڣԼȻɵö֮Щͷ
ʵҲЩˣ̫ҾּȷʵմǣŹЩǷȱȻ˵ֱָϣ޷ﵽ̫Ͼֹˮĵز
ҲΪʲô䴫ֻ࣬ΪԻ޷Ӱϡ
̾һȻ۾ӳѾͷĵ
СѾͷһЦȻ˵ǲصģֻͻȻЩ꣬Ծһ£Ѿˡ
ӵ£ŷġ
ʵв˵ôƽȻһɼ֮𣬲ͣȼգôҲƲס
ڷǳĵԼ״̬Ҫ֪ԶѾɴֻ֮飬ӺŮ֮²С
ǽԼֻһ۶Ѿͱһ˵֮
ѵʲôΣ뵽ʱδһʱǱԼԣϣܹȹһء


428 巨
ϴϣȻһ緹֮󣬾ѾԼҪչһʱ䣬ĹöѾʱ֡
Ѿô˵¶˾ɲɫΪӡУԼʦʲôʱݲȣȴЩ񲻶
ѵʲôӣ
˶Ѿæʵʦֳʲô£ǲˣ
㲻صģҿʱ䣬չٶ̫죬Щȣչһʱθ
ѾĽͣǿˡ
ðɣʦʱҪһЩټˡ
˵⻰ʱ򣬶Ѿһĵǡ
㿴˼ҶԼĹģвľһůѸղŵǹɼɶ֮ѹȥ̾ͿҲƽ
磬ͻصԼؽķţʼǱ
֮ҪչأҲԼ߻ħҪǰĹһ飬Լĸ
һԽּͷβһ飬ǲûзκε©
Ҳûκε©ֻҪһùеǸƣͻյʶġ
ʵûа취תתڵĸַ֮һרԵģ
Ҫ˵ִĸֹǺ̺Ӳӣ»˵
޳˵ɣҲֻڸ־֮УѡԼҪġ
˼ȥһŹܹڵҪ
Ҫ˵ŹͷҲСǳ浱󱻸ҵռֽС巨
䷨Ȼ˯ԳʣĵտȻ˯Ԫϵˡ֮ԣʾ֮壬ξ֮棬˼֮šʫƣԪҹҹ޵ͥ졣ԧ측ˮˮһϽ
巨νָ֣ɣλҪʳ塣ǹ۲̥֮ӤȻʱڣ˯˾ͺ
㰴յ˵ģִĴָڶİУʳָָ̫ѨָСָȻֿͷ࣬ߣߡ⣬羮Ѩϡ£ϥԸΪȡ΢صϣ󲿣Ųڲ࣬Ƚź
㲻˼룬Ľһľ֮С
ǳҪһǵվûжʮĹ򣬿²ܴﵽ
Ѿǵ֮壬Ͼͱ˸߳ܶĵȼһŹ̾뾳
Ϣ棬Ƭ֮ãϢȻ˯ȥ
ʱи˵ƶ˯Ƕǰ࣬˯붨
һ˯ɲ˯һ죬˯ҹ
˯ûʲôоǰѶѾļͽܸŵòᡣ
տʼʱѾΪֻˣϢ˵ڶ컹ûĶæǰȥţ˰Ҳš
Ѿʵ̲סˣֱӾŸ߿
ǳ嵽ʱֻڴϣһһ䣬Ȼû
ѾôҲһʱ䣬״̬֪ģֻץץţоԵķ
ȻͽǸϽţ֮ĹţԼĻʬſڣ˸ſֻҪһеǰȥ
ʱһƣ˵ˣȻãȻˮû岢κε˥һһȻʮֵͬʱϻһ˿⻪ʱĲڵġ
ʱֹȥһ£ϣѾȻǰһָİ˸ͽΣȻʹ򿪹ţøİǰ㡣
տʼʱһ㣬֮źͷһŸҽȥ
ͻȻ֮һžʹӹſܽһš
ͨ죬Ĳܽ
һĴֵأŽ۾һ˿ͣܿľȥæǰŷ
˼ңôˣ
˻軨ۣǰŵ۵СʿͻȻ֮ץסһץĸ첲Ͳˡ
һ°ֵЩΡ
ҿԱ߶ѾˣϽŷ
ȵѾŷߵ᷿֮УȻ˼Ҳ˲һˮ֮ʵ˼Ƿʲôˣú˵ֻҪܰ쵽ģһæ
Ǹͨ۾ŶѾɹãҪѽ
˵֮һͨһڵأֱŶѾĴȣʼ϶
ԭľġ
мҾʵ̣ȻǲӪ˱ˣÿҲһЩ㲻
ҲһӣʮֵТſ˵ƴӣǺͺ
ʹˣ׼ŸһϱȻǼҴڽӴ
ǲ֪ôģӾȻ˵Ȼ󲻴ǶȥµһС˵Ҫѧϰ
˼һЩϡ飬Ҳûʲô
ҲΪԼĶֻһʱȰ˼䣬ȰҲˣǵ֮࣬ӴС¼ܲˣҲϡ
ʱƣһξһ£ҲûмԼĶӻ
̫̫һûӣȻĻţæţȥ̽ӡ
ǵǼۣȥһʣǵ۵Ĺȴ˵ֻ˼ˡ
һŵòᣬæǮĴѰʣѰ˼츽ˣҲûһСӴǵг
ֻһȥа󣬿ǵ۵ĵʿһžǳŭֱӾͰϳˡ
ûа취ֻȥű٣ȨҲǸ𣬼æ߰˸ȥǵ֮Ѱҡ
һȦǸСһʿ֮⣬ûκεˡ
Щ۵Ļģְѵ۸ڵߣҪһ۸ǲʬ
ǹͷ飬һȫͷ
һЩһҲûа취ˣֻǻȥȨ档
Ȩô죬ֻʱӷŵһԣһˡ
ҲûҵԼĶӣľЩˡ
İҲ˭ʲôԵҲһЩЩŲûж
һڽֵʱͻȻ֮䣬߹ˣһ
Ȼǳͨȴһ֮Ȼ𾴡
ûк˵ʲôֻ·ŵʱһ¡
ȴڤڤһoڶ˵дܣҪѰǰȥ


429 ŵ
λǰǰ
Ѿ֮Щ棬λoλѵģžЩˣ㿴o֪ǵ۵ˡ
±߾ЩΪˣΪʦһֱڱչڶûѹ
ǵֻдèСèֻЩôܹΪŷǽѣ
ǸżѾ첻˵Ϊ˸ӵľ
ͻȻĴӵվȻƿ˸ֱӾſײȥ
ҿԱߵۼֿ죬ײſ֮ǰסˡ
ŵĶɰ˸ŻˣرǶѾѾһ亹ˣҪԼǰײˣʱһӶðġ
˶ѾϽǰȥ·˴ߣȻο˼ҲҲ㣬ҵʦ֣ڱչУҲ֪ܹءʵżôҾȥʦһˣ㿴ɺã
֮ȻۺץŶѾֲͣĵͷѾ˵ˡ
Ѿ̾һȻԼѾ磬Űķ֮ȥ
Ѿ³ţԺУһֱԼԵ˵ɸ˸кɼۣһȥСۿһ
֣صĵ˵ͷȻСܵĳ˵ۣһ»صѾԣ˵ͷ
ȵʱѾ˳Թ緹߾۹棬߹
ѾԱߵͷ˼˵ȥкһ¡
ѾĶͽؽ䣬׼Լȥķȥλˡ
λİοǿЩ࣬ڴ񣬺ľͷһ
Ѿһţźͻָ˾۷ŹĿŶѾ
Ѿ΢΢һЦǰȥŵĴߣ˵˼ңٸѾۣھ̣ȥǵۿһ
˶ѾĻصͷžҪ
ѾæԵš
õ˴Ѿǰȥų˷ţԺſڡ
ȵʱȴ֣ļͽܶԴˡ
ѾüȻ˵ȥô˸ʲôһ˸ҾˣǴڵв߷̳
ļͽ⻰Щ⣬ǻʹɫƾٳͽؽ䣬˵
ʦãʹȥɣÿǴĹͷˡ
ؽĻһ䣬ͽҲʼ飬öѾǳȥ档
Ѿǲʵû취ˣֻǿͬ⡣
Ѿֻ׼һеʱѾ
һ˺ƺƵ뿪أʻȥ
һ·ʮֵ˳õ˿ʱѾһСɽ塣
еָ㣬СɽɽǸ۵ڣ˶ѾСɽϢһҹȥǸ۲鿴
СɽʱǼªҵ峤вգΪѾڳӡ
Щӣڳũƶ˼ҵĶѾ˵ʲôǶؽȳͽ˵ȷʵʮֵļª
Ҳ˵ʲôֻǸϽķ˷䣬ȻڸЩʳ׼Ϣˡ
Ѿ׼ϢǣɽϵǸȴЩ鷳
ԭѾһСׯ̾˷ˣȻϢ˺ɽ
еĵʿ֮󣬾;òҪʱ뿪ܱܷͷȴһ׮ҪأҲ߲ˡ
λʿǼȹϵϣڴ֮صⲽ
λˣɷżֻһЦȻëߵɷĸǰס֮˲˵ʲôżģˣи߸ĶšǺԺһλȥͿˡ
ǵʿȻץŮӵ֣ĴЦҵҪǷѣһ벻Щء
˵֮뿪ǰãֱȥˡ
˺һʿŴ»ʱѾֵг񣬺һ鶼һ
ķǰʵôλʲô취𣿡
ѾԸˣǾ䣬Ҫ֪ǵķǳһķʦͷֲˡ
ϵͣһ£Ȼ˵˵ˣ˱ҪʱҲ
⸾ˡ
ȻǸϽϢɣѾǰҹˡ
ϵ˷⻰¶һЦȻǰȥץ˵֣˵ˣ֣ҿǴѧ˸»
Ƿ֮ϷһźƣȻϵϴһ¡
ûģҲ±ȥ
˵⻰ʱ⸾ǰõһȦȥ
ϵû¶קŵĸ˾ͼҴҵĽȥˡ
˵Ѿһߣ֮ȻһЩ򵥵緹
ѾǴҴҵù֮󣬱ƺƵڴ峤Ĵֱɽ
ɽСǰʱ򣬶Ѿ̧ͷۿС̫ªˣܵԺǽЩȱݣֻϻ
ѾԱߵʹ˸ɫ˼ǰȥš
Ͻڶ˵۵ſžžžš
˺һ߲ŴһɢŮ
˭ѽϵĻò˯ˣ
һŲһ죬۵űˡ
ӡһˡ
ȻѾЩͣǷ̴棬֮һȻɢ
׹ݼŮģŮҲȡ
Ѿվں߼ŮһöæǰȥһߣȻԼŮ˵ǳе۵ģһλ˵ĶǹвӰίǰһ
Ƿ´һ¶ѾȻ˵Ҳʲô۵ģǼ˵ˣĶܲ˿࣬˼ԼˣԺٴˡ
˵֮ţʱ򣬸ŶѾȴǰס
һȣҸ㣬һǰ̫ү԰жѾСɹõģҿҪʶȤ͸ϽĿŷǽȥȻĻҿйȰõ˵
ִʱڵ֮߳һʿʿѮͷͺӶЩˣȴǳľð⡣
ʿǰһȻ˵ȻλҪ飬ôͲҪ赲ˡ
Ǹ˻ͷݺݵصǵʿõһԣöѾǽ˵ۡ
Ѿʮ˺ƺƵĽ˵۵Ժ֮һʹɫʦֶĴ£ʼԺ
һͨҲûзʲôһĵط
Ǹʿ¶һ˿΢ЦЩС޻۵ĺܣҪүүҵķѧʮꡣ


430 Բ
һͷɥĴ»ص˶Ѿԡ
Ѿ޾ɵӣͷǳȻѵĵûϢĶûҵʲôģҵֶΡ
Ѿ֮Ը˵Ĵ󻰣׼ʩչԲˡ
ŷǰЩոս̸ģѾѾЩԾԾԣҪǰ¶һ֡
ŶѾԱվŵǸʿ˵λΪ׼һˮ
ǸʿĿ˶ѾһۣС￴Ͳû뵽Ȼͷġ
ʿûжô£ķʹ˸ɫķ˱㲻鲻Ըصȥˣһһִ룬ߵ˶Ѿǰ
վڶѾԵϽȥӹִ룬˶ѾԱߡ
Ѿбͷһִķһˮ
ĵ˵ͷȻִԺӵм䣬ˣֱԺǽֹͣ
Ѿ۵мһֻм乩ŵĲʲôoһ֪Ůӡ
ѾŮӺЩ죬Ǵʲôطһ
ѾܿͰŵһߣϾ˼ҹʲôo˼ҵɣҲoԼڱĵطҲͲˡ
Ѿӹȡ֧㣬ȻԺվˮԱߡ
ֻѾֻžùͷдʣͻȻſͷһ硣
֧㾹ȻʼðĻǣž
ŶѾִӻȡһŷֽɲǶѾҲǣ͸Ѿõġ
ŷֽҲûбôֻܹڵλoǰ
ǰĻȷʵûʲôãһ˿仯ѾԿԸоoҲԽԽˡ
ΪŻ˼Ŷصķ䣬͸Ѿ
ѾҲͷһ˵Щ۵ģԱǸʿһЦҪǰҴİϷ
ŶѾֻ㣬ŷִǰ䵱һǷ侹Ȼ޷ȼ
ŶѾæİѻûȼķ䣬ֱӰ±ߵˮС
ŶѾ㿪ʼ
ݷ棬ɫƽǬգٸ̳ȫڶϣ˵ԡ֣Բʹ顣ϵԪ񽵹⼱
֮꣬УҲ˱仯
ֻѾ٣ȴڰѾֹһo١
ʱƣεoҲ⣬Ҳ޷ֹ
λoֵû̵ľͽٵѾ̳ǰֻƮڵȴʲô
Ѿ֪ҲżֻվΧˮʼߣͬʱٴ
ǣϳ췱ǣǣɱǣķǽ徻̫ͥϾ
һǷһЩһˣֻ˷һ硣
֮УһɹɵѪζȻȫĴɢ
ڰεǹ͵һˣ˶ѾǰǴִС
ѾҲ˲ϽǰſԱϸĹۿ
ִеˮʼһĶˮٴεƽˮУֳ۵ȫ
龰֮У۵һжӳһѾ
۵ĺɽһɺ̾ᣬɺڲͣţܵͣ׳󣬿Ӻܿͻ
ڵ۵ǰߣҲһĺӰﲻͣ˸Źâ
ѾϸĹۿǺӰλãͻȻĶѾʲô̧ͷǰߵǴȦȥ
ˮеӰӱĵȥʧˡ
Ѿվǵʿ˵ۺѽȻѵ³ײ顣
ʿѾʵЩſڽࡣ
ԭڹŴۻڵ۵ǰԺǶĴ󲻾
ѾŵʿΣ΢΢һЦͻȻȦȥ
ǵʿһϾͺʲôϽĸڶѾҪֹѾ
ǶѾЩʦֶҲǰ׸ģղŵҲһ߰˸һϣֱӾͰʿΧм䡣
ѾɵȦǰߵһͷȥ
ͷ޾ɵſȦߣˣֻ̧ͷ˶Ѿһ۱һεͷ
ѾüͻȻ۾һʲôȻתŵǰȦȥ
ȦǰǸ˸Ӧ̧ͷһţ̾ͺǷ˷һܵȦıԵͣǰţͬʱԴײȦǽҪȦײһ
˼Ҳþ棬ŵʲôصģȻͷķӦ
ʱǸʿѾ֪鲻ԣʼŲˡ
Ѿͷһ㣬ʿѡ
ô£ѵҵ𣿡
һ仰ѴҵĿⶼеʿϡ
ʿεЦЦε˵Сô֪
ѾЦЦȻ˴Ȧͷǣ˳ͷһ뿪Ȧһųȥ
ڴΪͷײŵʱͷȴͻȻŽͣסˣ֮˫ǰȹڵأͣſͷ
һ˸ӾˣͷʲôģȻͨ飬ϰס
ʱ㻹ʲô˵ģ
˵ʱ򣬶Ѿʹ˸ɫ
۸жˣʲôûĺܣһ龰Ҳ˵ǰȥͷ£ͽʿˡ
ʿڻﺿء
ǸʲôôҪץ޹ĺˣ
ǸʿҲ˹ͣ˴ۡ
ЩûģôܹҵץˣϿǵҵģȻĻҵǸ״ȥ
ѾЦЦǸ˵Ц˵㵨ӵǲСȻȥǣͲͶȻٴ𣿡
Ǹ˾ؿ˶ѾһۼѾеǸЦ֮ɫϾ֪ǵвѾѾˡ
⸾Ҳװˣ͵վӻȡһֻذףץ˵۴ȥ
ǸȻ˵ǸˣǶ⸾˴ѸݵذףǶҲûа취㣬ֱӾͱ࣬
һۼ龰æǸʿȥ
Ѿ״Ҳţֻһ̴֣ߵоʹһһװŮӾͳ嵽˶Ѿǰ
ǸڸմӵʿŮӣǾ
Ҳ˲ˣ˾ͺߣǷɽ㲻Ƕ֡
Ǹذ׵⻰Ҳһľţܿӻȡһ֮һӾ̵С
죬⸾˺ܵ˼ʹ࣬Ͽʼһһ࣬ҼҲʼͣĲ
ǸʿѾܵ⸾˵ԱߣķȻ˵Ǻοࣿⶫдˡ
Ǹʹҧ˻Ƶشڻ˵Щʲôȱס˵


431 ׽
ѾңЩᣬǰһǽʬļǽʬ̻͵ǰһˣеǸŮȥ
ǸŮȻںǸʿ˵۾ȴһֱŶѾһߡ
ǸʬһǼɣԼæһ֣ǸʿƵһߣ֮һеذףϾӭ˹ȥ
ڰһײ⽩ʬ˫͵ؾŮӵǰءеذҲ˽ʬʺ
飬ȴڳλЩ档
ԭ˫ԷУ˫ûһԺмɱ
Ѿ˿֪⽩ʬƣѾǵǹ룬ˮ֣Ůӵذ״û鵹Ҳ
Ůʲôͨʬذһָ״֮󣬾ȻҲܰȻ¡
Ժеһ£ҴһذףʮغϾȻʤ
Ѿں߿ЩͷˣǵһԼ磬̾ͷһĲƣⲨ͵ľ񵱳ȥ
ں߹սĵʿѾæеŮѡ
СˣиСĺȥˡ
ʿѾˣʱŮֻԼЩãžԼѪʼɿʧ
ôһиĹǸʬѾһδܵ˰֮УȻ϶Ůȥ
һŮֻǿ̧첲Ҫ赲⽩ʬϵѪѾʧĲˣһײֻԼ񱻹Ǵһ̾;ø첲ʹޱȣͬʱһѪҪ
ŮӾ;һί٣Ҳվס̱ڵء
ǸʬȻǲܲˣֻڵָѾŮӵĲӡ
ʱѾںߺһ䣬ס֡
⽩ʬֹͣĶȻվŶѾ
ǸϵʿʬͣˣæǰȥסԼķˣȻӻȡһƿһɫɢζҩ裬ŮӵĿС
Ůӳҩ裬۾Ȼ¶һεЦݡ
ûоȵ㣬㲻Ҫҡ
˵ʲôأԼȥҲԸǣ㡣
վںߵĶѾЩͷˡ
ŸʲôϿֿȻֱİã֮ȥ̫үʡ
ŶѾһ仰ڶѾѾЩһӵϣǰȥͰʿŮȻֱİ֮󣬰Ѿǰǿǹ
ѾŹԼǰһһŮ˵ڿ˵˰ɣô£
Ů࿴˿ϵʿ̾һ˵Ҳûʲô˵ˡ
һһʮͲһµľȫ˵˳
ʿ˵ҲһЩƶ棬Сޡ
ѾˣԼϵⱾ´ײиͽܡ
˲ŶӰʦյ¶
û뵽ͽܾȻɫĲȥεʱҪǿռԼķˡ
Լķ˱ίߣȵԼص֮Լ˵ԵɣŲȻŭʩչСӱһͷ֮ǰԺȦ֮С
ϻȻ򣬹ֲͷļײǽǿͷģԭŵĶӡ
ͻȻĴĳ
˵˵ҶТôΥ飬Ͽ콫ԭί˵ȻĻùү㼸ʮӡ
Ǹϵ⻰һЦ֮ӵؿͷһۣȻ˵ȻҵƣһҰģȴҲģزûбҪƭˡ
Ѿ˻࿴˿ԲϵĹƾŮӸղŵֶΣһͨô
ڲ˵ЩʱӦ˽˷ŵĶָܹԭ״ǰһʵڲ˵ЩڸϽ˷һ̫үҲøԼ䡣
ǶϵεҡҡͷҲⷨʵΪʦҵʱֻʩչķţûƽķ
ЩüĻôúõһ˱ⱲӾͲܻԭˣǻŻʲô˼
ŽűߵͷҲʼֱϵȥˣǶҧģһϵϾ˺ۡ
ǶѾȥˣϽ۽ͷ
Ѿǿ޵ˣû뵽ԼȻһصĶӣǴӽԺҲ䲻ˡ
źͿˣͷûȫɥʧǣȻˣһþۣ˵˶Ѿǰ֮ͷؿѾͷȡ
Ѿǰͷ̾˿˵ҵıֻǸոյţᣬ¾Ȳ㣬㲻Ҫģҵʦͨ󣬵ȵһʱʦƹضʱֻҪʩָܻıò
ͷҲ˶ѾĻѾͷ֮˵ŵԣͷŲŵ壬Ŭ뽫
ŸղҲ˶ѾĻҵԼеϣǿվԵӣ֮ŶѾظл
鵽ͰˣѾæһܣŮӴ۷ڵ֮ϣ̧֮Żɽȥˡ
Ǹոߵɽ£ͻȻ˱仯
ɽͻȻһˣһߣ۾оƿô裬һ߳
˼֣ŵɪɪҪǿڶѾЩµķϣЩӵӰˡ
ʱһֱû˵ĵʿͻȻ˵ˡ
ؾţӿԽ
⻰۾һȻѾȥ˼öѾҪҪŮӣȥԵǸ֡
Ѿûô࣬ӦͻȻԱߵקקѾӣ֮˵ʦΣܷŵŮӡ
Ѿ͵ķӦôɣԼոץ򸾣·Ͼˡ
뵽֮󣬶Ѿ֪ԼƭˣݺݵĵǵʿһۣȻԱߵǽʬʹ˵ɫǽʬ˶Ѿʾ⣬ǰһܣֱǸˡ
Ҫ˵⽩ʬҲͭͷԣǹ룬ж硣
ڶ֮ȴЩв棬ȻǾȻ˲⽩ʬǾ˺Ҳ½ʬĹټÿһ⽩ʬϣܽ⽩ʬĳȥɵľ롣
˫ڴ֮ϿʼʱƣǸ˺ЩˣϾȻ˵ĺ⡣
ⷺÿһδ⽩ʬϣ⽩ʬҪֱ죬ָܻںߵĶѾ֪ȥ
˶ѾæӻȡһѼ͵ľȥ
˶Ѿ壬̾ʹŽ⡣
֮УɱɱǸˣ֮󣬵ͷ¡
˲ĽУ̾ͻһ֮˵ϡ
ڶһڵϵǾѾһССֽˡ


432 
Ѿڵϵһֽ֮Ҳɫˡ
ַ˵ǡֽ֮ԶѾڵķʩչͨ
ŷȴǵǰҪˡ
ѾɫڹһҪʱˣǸϿɽ
˵仰֮󣬶Ѿ㲻ˣԼ±ȥ
һҲæСŸڶѾ
ǻûУܵɽ£ͻȻ֮һ
Ŵɽվֻܳͻ֮Щȥ
ѾȻнʬֻǰһŸճһͻһȭ
ͻʬһȭһ˼ڵϵʱֻҡҡͷȻµһ
˿ɾûжѾôˣͻĹֻɢӡ
ЩͻǲȤֻΧǸʿķתȦ
ǸʿҲŵòУķ˿һɪɪķ
ѾһȣǣʵڲΪмֻͻŶѾ߹ˣҪϻһСӤæ¶ѾҲˡ
е鷢ˣֻͻ˾һ˺ҧȵѾڳȥǵʱ򣬵Ҳֻʣһ̯ѪѾͻԵȫʲôʣˡ
ȺͻǳˣѾԱˣԴɽ֣ܿľʧˡ
ѾԶȥͻֱš
ѾĲˣֻҪȥ󹦸ɣû뵽·ϳ顣
ڶѾʱҲ½½ĻˣǿŵϵѪ׷ʲôˣЩ˲ûиеˣϾʿȷʵҲǺˡ
Щͽ֮Ҳֻϸڵָ˵ѪȻԼͷš
üͷһ壬ȻվߵѾ˵ʦãЩԡ
ôˣ
ϵĲѪҿӦʲôȾϡ
ѾĿһۣȻæ̯ѪǰҲһš
ѾɫˣԭȻ˵ȫǻȾϡ
ѾϸһĥԼɽʱǸ˽ٵɽֻ߰ͻôɵġ
Լ˱˵ļƣղͻӦҲиʩ
ѾһţָŹӤǰȥ׷ϣסˡ
ʦãڵδǻǲҪʱعȥȵʦأʦò١
ѾҲЩ飬ղǸ˶û¶棬ֻʹ˼ͰԼЩˣתԼȥ˿»治֡
˶ѾҲֻǵͷȻ˵ðɣģڵ˾ڸҲҪˣϿȥ
˶ѾķԸϽ̧۵ʬ壬Ȼһѷ뿪СɽصɽµСׯȥˡ
ȵʱһΪԷٴĵӣҲôǰǿеʩ
ƽ֮ҲЩɥȥʱģȵʱȴһѾû
ǾȻȴֻһͷҲ֪һ˻ǿˡ
뵽ʱ˵۹Ϳһֱͷ
ͷҲо˲Ƶ۹⣬ˣԼ御ŵ
ǸŷǳߵĿһ֮󣬵ԼԵͷС˵£ء
ŵİͷҲɢɹ̫
Ѿһ£ǾͲϢˣԹ̾سȥȡ֮ǰϻسǣ̫ү

˵ѾǴҴҵĻسǣ˵ǵʿķˣںɽһɽǰΨΨŵŵĹš
һֱɫˣ߲Ŵһ޵
һ˭ôС¶š
ǵʿ֮Ͻ˵ҲԡˣΪǸ֮ţҪߣԲ¶
ûȶеǸ˵ԱߵķͻȻǰһȻͷأĿͷ
ºǵҵûϵҶ˷ģ˴¡
˵ʱ̧ѾѪͷǸԱߵϵһۡ
ϵֻйذķ˱ϲϡ
е˿صӣ̾һȻ˵ˣ¾ˡǿҪСĽ¶š
±ߵĵʿķԭǣһȻ˻࿴һۣо¶֮ɫġ
ҵؼʱֹ̣ͣʱ仹ҪͷǶġ
ǵʿ¶Σǿ˵ģ֪ô죬һϲ˽Ѫʳ
֪Уȥɡ
ʮɣŸתɽ¶ȥ
ȵɽԶˣ˻࿴˿ųһ
ҵģԽԽˣû¶ѹҴ
ˣȻԽԽѾ࣬޳Ҳк档
ǸŮЩʵҵģʲôĹȻҪôˣ
ϵɫͱˣæǰס˵죬Ȼ˵㲻Ҫʣûкô
˵֮ʿɫԱߵһɽȥ
ķҲĹâŵʿıӰͻȻüͷһ壬ת˿ɽϵǸɽҧҧǵʿˡ

˵ѾϹس֮ǰصس֮С
֮󣬶ѾòԸŽǸۣȥһţȥȨ˵һ顣
֮ҲһЩǣ뵽س֮Уһ򣬺ܿľչüͷ
ôˣ
ʦֻڱչأҲ֪ʲôʱܳ
żżʲôʱʦ֮ǸҴк
ѾӦһȨǣ֮󣬴ǻص˵֮С
ԼļңѾ̾;ûˣȥķп˿ûУȻһһس˯š
Ѿ̾һȻ³һ˿ǳ³ָŸոջҪϢһİ˸ͽܿʼΡ
˵ҪΣһİ
첲ϾšȣǻεĸŶѾȥ˴ʼΡ
ǸǣţķУͷѾѾ˵۵ĺԺ
ʱ仺Ĺȥһգ۾͹µʱ䡣
ʱУһֱڳ˯֮жȹѾȻʮֵĽǣǶ״̬Ҳûκεİ취
ʱ䣬ַʮ˿ʧٵ¼ȨɳеĴѰңɶǻˣʬ
ȻȨҲºһŵĶӱ¼йأһ已̥ʲô취ֻһѰһߵѡ


433 
һ϶ѾȻƽȻķ֮У֡
һֹģ˵ʱ䷢ļҳС¡
ͻȻ֮оԼ˵ͷһ°ѶѾһ
ȵһߣعͷʱ򣬲ŷѾ۾Цſء
Ѿˣ¶һϲɫϾͱȻеëݺݵˤڵϡ
ô£ҪչҲ˵һһԵľ˯ôʱ䣬֪жൣģ㲻֪ʱ䷢ʲô顣
ڵҲæĴӴȻ´վѾԣͣǸ
һҲԣûǰ֪ͨ㣬һһ֪
㻹һΣҸ㣬Ժֳʱչص飬ҲҪ롣
֪ڵĶѾɲǣȫ˳˵
úúãԺҲˣֻҪԺչأһȵõС̵׼
һҪǮĺûڶѾϣ
ƪĺû£Ѿǽ¶Цݡ
㿴ǺС̣һȻԼĶ˵˯˶೤ʱ䣬ôļ
ѾʱŷӦһ˯һ졣
ʦ֣ôʱˮûѾˣȥ׼ЩԵģϽ·ͽǼһɣû˹̣ܽˣˡ
Ѿ˵֮󣬾ʹҴҵ뿪ķ䣬Ժ飬磬Ѿͷʲôȥˣ
ŶѾĺУڲԶķ̽ԴǿѾվԺӵУŭæܵ˶Ѿԡ
С㣬ûʲô˵ء
˵žǸǰ˼ңסʱ䳤ˣҲ֪λŵ
Ѿü˵ʲôǸȥˣû˵ˣʦѾˣϽʦ׼ЩԵģЩɰʦֶˡ
һˣ̾һľϲүѾѽ
˵֮ԾԾҪȥķ䡣
ǶѾ۾أôߣʲôʦڻϢȺȥһȻܼˡ
˵֮һԵʹ˸ɫæһ˯Ҫȥˡ
Ƚ˳Ѿͷ̾Ϳʼ
Ѿһߦ棬һԱߵʵôûǰ˸Сӣ
һ£ȻԴ˵ξͳȥˣ˵Ҫɽȥԡ
Ѿ֮ǳŭ⼸СԽԽˣ޵ɽˮ
ŶѾݺݵ˵һʦǰԼ䣬ʦôѵǡ
˻࿴˿ȻһͬӣţԺɲܵѾСˣȻڴүǰһ״ǿǳԲ˶ߡ
ֽŶûаʱһٷʢͱԤ֮󣬶Ѿ̣ķ䡣
һȻڴЦء
һҲ˲öѾˣæǰԽѾе̷ϣȻͱĵʵүˡ⼸ɵˡ
˵⻰ʱȦһ죬ֳ˰֮ɫ
ʱĶѾѽе̷ϣȻݺݵĵһֱۣǰһԡ
ʲôأûʦֶ޿ĸ˭أ
µĿ˶ѾһۣĬĬ˵һԣĿĨᡣ
ЩΣæĴӴԣϵķһۣȻ̾
緹˭ģôô㣬ԶԶľ͹ҵĲ档
˵ԣֱӾͶһ棬Сˣʼ̻ʡ
ѾԵ㣬Ҳһ˿ЦݣԱ߸㲻ͣĲˣʱȰԣżҭš
վԶ岻ֻ֣ǰԹĿŶѾ
ܲգҴҵĳ棬ѾǸһܳ˷䡣
ȵԺӵеʱһȻµĿ˿еŮӡ
֮һԼĵۣ߽۵Ĵڴ㣬ȼ֮󹧹ĸʦ㡣
֮͹ʦǰ˳Ĭ֮С
ԭһ죬巨ⷨȻûľһȴᴿķ
ڵͨ͸еħ϶ʧ١
Ϊ̫ҽּ磬ľΪҲȫˡ
ڵڿ˵ѾһĵɣǷΪԶѾˡ
ʦǰ˺ܳʱ䣬վϴ΢Ц߳˴
ո߳ţͻȻһŴб˳ǰȾͲˡ
ɵɵˣʵһӽѾ֪ˣտʼΪλˣҲ⣬û뵽Ű£Ȼĳϡ
ʱոʰ꣬㷿ĶѾ龰۾һ˿Ĳ졣
֮ŭԱߵ˵ŸʲôϿȥŷ
ϽСܹȥҪŲ
һöžڵϲˡ
ʵûа취ˣֻð۹⿴㡣
ҲǾΣĹֻҪһùžͻᱻȥ߰ɵľ롣
ɲҶֵģſͲСˣҪиôǻԼ
ֻǺȰ
λ裬ʲô㾡˵ֻҪƶܰ쵽һƴǡ
Ļ̧ͷöˮ۾㡣
ʦ˵ĿģƭӰɣ
žܷģһԾŶڳԡ
ĳŵ֣Ĳվ
ʱѾҲ˲;֮ܿ˿Ȼûʵôû飬ƽʱͦʵģôҲѧ͵ˡ
ҲЩ֡
ղǴӳʱ򻹼أôûӰˣ
վԱߵǸǵԻЩ֮΢΢
ѾôҲˣСܿϾʲô£ʹ˸ɫ
ĵ˵ͷͷȥ
СҲԤֻǷԼƽ鷿֮У֮ڿ֮ϣԼλ
ȵ֮ʾѾǰȥϲ衣
Ѿ˷ۣţһ裬͵ŵǰ
ȵ֮ʵҲ֪ʲôģ˵ԱΪǡ
ǸηĿԱվڵĶѾһۣǵͷʱ䷢飬һһʮ˵һ顣


434 ̽
ŵĻһ£Ȼ˵Ӧǰ̵ķЩȷʵǲ̫ͨ
ЩҲ͸˾㶼޷ƽôĶӿ¾ֻǵһˡ
ʽĻһЩϣ
ҲõģⷨȻҲʱЧԵģһʱȷķľĶҲָܹԭ״ˡ
ϲʱҹðÿԼӵԿţĸ۵Ĺ۸
ϵʱҲѶǣԼķ֮УΪ£ûܵıԹ
ǲ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣿
¾ͲһˣҪʩչ˷ǿˣǷǿĻҲһʱ䣬ĻҲһ¡
ʵ㻹һ仰û˵ǾǵɵĻʩչֱô¾Ҳ䲻ˡ
ԭҲǳļ򵥣ɾ͵֮ѾܹʱĽάȣܹıʵɡ
ʩչɲͨıˣʵıԴܹı䡣
Ų֪Щϲص뿪ˡ
վԵĶѾ̾˿
ǲ˵Ҫܶʱǲ𣿡
ôˣǶѾԭȲǺôһҪ˼뿪
ʦ֣㲻֪ʵ̫ˡÿԷʱͷһݣҪǳԵһ˵һͷŪʳˣ¸ʲô
̾һĸԺӵİȻ˾壬ȻŵĶʱˣУȻԼ⡣
ˣҪ˵ˣǶЩԸȥԺ˵ʱһݡ
Ŷ֪ˣʦ֡Ѿ鲻ԸĴӦһΡ
ϸһ¶ѾöѾΪС¶ģһַʲô飬Ѿ˵ҲٸʵףϾѾǸˣЩ£Ҳ
Էʱ֪Ѿյԭˡ
ԭǣͷȻҪһԷһҪͷһλ
˶ЩΣϾһͷһԷţ붼ЩŤ
ҺѾϰ£ֻ̾˼Ҵҵİ˷뿪ˡ
㿴ԱͷԼٿԼеķҲòˡ
ҲǴҴҵĳ˼ڣΪ뿪ˡ
ʣźˡ
ϵʱȻһףżǣͷʹһԷ
ףԵµЩͽȻ˵вҲǰ˵ˡ
ҡҡͷⲻǰ취ȥǿ¾ͻΪˡ
һ극֮ûߣֱȵŵҲԱ֮˵ţм
л˵
ţ㿴ǵۣеĳһͷȷʵаհڸһ䷿ӣס㿴ɺã
һȻ޹ֿ㡣
ǼĴѣֳ⸱ģסȥŲҶӣҲֻʱһʱ
ҲֻǵͷˣΪʮֵĴӣҲʮֵıء
֪ܵͷ˱ģǻѽôֻǰ󵽻ˣʡٺˡ
ȴ֪ͷʱƻ±ˡ
̾˿˵ⷿӲĻǲסǵ۵ĺԺʱǰȥͷ㿴ɺã
Ļίĵ˵ͷ
һжİš
ã͸ʰ䣬ģÿһ;˵ģֻܰס£ֱӻָԭ
֮ҲʹҴҵ뿪ķãΪղͷֿʼԷˣǺֱ
ոհȥѾ̾Ϳʼжܿžͱᵽ˺Ժ֮С
ѾİţִҴҵķ䣬һžͱԹʦ֣˵ǻҪסãȥҶ췢ˡ
סѾ˺Ժˣֲۣ㷢ʲô裿
ѾһֹۣסˣֻĻԼȥˡ
ҡҡͷڷ֮Уʱ顣
ŵĶӱǰ̵ķʩչС
̸ոձԼôǵͽȻԼĸˣ
뵽оЩѵǶԷűԼԲŹ
ȥСۿһô£ܵĻǵ۵ĵʿʸ

ڶһ磬𴲣Ȼ󽫶ѾеԼǰ
ʰʰȥһǸСۡ
Ѿһ㶣Ȼֵʵʦ֣ǸѾûˡȥʲôã
Ҳ˵㰴ҵķԸȥˣضԡ
ѾЩͷԣǰĻԸȥ
ΪڴܼҵĴͽʦõķԸ̾Ͱ˺
ȵ緹֮ڵ۵ſѾͣ
֮жŶѾ˷ԸҪţһزЩѾǰȥǸСۣǹе
ǶѾĻЩͽǻȡһ£һȥϣҲֻԸķˡ
ͶѾ˵Ĵ»뿪سǣֱ⡣
һ·ϣܿԭȵǸСɽ塣
еˣΪͶѾ׼һСԺ
ϢһЩ緹Ҳͣͼɽȥ
ɽС۵ʱҲǰһĻˡ
ԭǰСۣѾǱߵļҾ߶ѾɣС۵ĴҲ֪˭жˡ
ͶѾ࿴һۣȻεҡҡͷ߽֮ԺӣĴĲ鿴
ȻѾϹȴһˣѾۣȥɵķʼ⸽ϸĹա
ķ֮УСȻ飬ȴһɹԩ֮Ͽ
֮з˲ٺŵ飬ɥĻôԹ̾ᡣ
һ£ԱߵĶѾ
ǲҵͷʲôطȥһ
ѾĿһۣܿ;ͷӦɫѾЩ԰ס
ʦֲɣ
ûʲôܵģڻҿ϶ҿ֪֮
ڶѾ׳ŵӰ쵽˵۵ĺһǰ
ʦ־ˣ㿴Щͷûбڸɾ
߽ǰһȻڿӵɢţڿӵ±߻һźܶĹͷ
Щ֮ϣȴһԩﰧ


435 ޷
ӣּһͷϸĿһ
ͻȻڵķں֮ɷɵˮͷϡ
ôһ磬ǹͷ̾ͷ̵ŰͿʼһŤһֻ˵ı۹ǡ
վԱߵĶѾ龰ѾˣӦʲôֱӾܵһ߿ʼͣĿ¡
ɫصĽеĹͷ˿У̧ͷһ¡
ЩͷˣʲôȻҪôˡ
ǰ֣Щֻżһˣûзģĳ¼
ֵֻĻҲð죬Ҳһ֪ߵغЩΪС֡
ǰնѾ˵£ĻٿأĻôʹˡ
µĲĻа
Щаķ֪Ĳֻ࣬Լ룬һרѯһ¡
Ҫ˵ⷽרҲܺңԼԭȲǽһͨͨΪаЩа˽⡣
ʱѾҲѾµĲˣһŶӣһԡ
ʦ֣ǸϿ뿪аŵĵطɡ
⵹ǶѾ£ΪѾϾһСŮ֪Ķʬ֮ϾЩɵ
ðɣȻ±ߵСׯסһҹ˵
˵֮㵱ȵȥѾϽʲô׷
ȵ뿪ۣ±ߵСׯȥʱС۸һɽܳһˣü۵뿪ķ򣬿˿Ȼһ̵ɽȥ

˵ǻص±ߵСׯ֮׼һЩʳǺô˿ȻʹЩȥϢˡ
ǶѾȴһֱķУôҲ뿪
׼ڽٻǸͨģЩ黹治㣬Ѿ룬ڼţֻǸˡ
ɫѾˣôȥϢ
Ѿ˺ð֮˵ʦ֣вУ
˵ʲôأŮбô
ǣҵһ飬Ǻ£ʵǲ˯
ڶѾĹǸŵġ
Ѿ첻µزµѾͷôẦµ˯ž
ˣҴˣϽȥ˯ɣһҪء
˵֮ͿʼϥĿ
Ѿʵ˵ֻͨε뿪ķ䡣
ȵغ֮ͷȻһĻԼķȥˡ
Ѿû೤ʱ䣬һ۾⿴˿֮Цҡҡͷ
ʹӻȡ˿֮ĬĬͨȻһӡ
ſоƮһɺ̣ڵһȵٴеʱѾһа
ⶫȻ֣ǿʮľګûжԼ˼άһ
˲ԵģͨеɣԴӱշ֮󣬾һֱ˼𣬲ǣ˼Щҡ
ʱȻ˵ķԸΪҵ˼Ҳ˼аԽԽ
ͨеģô˼Ϳ֮ϵ˵ġ
ڹǰɪɪ˺ӣڵȴŴ˵ĳͷһ
㿴ǹɣҲûж˵ʲôֱӾʵ⡣
֪һʲôҪĳܹɣ
ڵϵͨģʻһ㶣Ȼʲô־飬Ȼ̱ڵɪɪķ
ü֪˲õ飬İο
㲻غ£ﻹƶڣҲֲȳе
Ǹͨĵ˰οŻһ£֮˵֪һ񹦣ܹĻ˱Ѫһɾͣܳɾ֮ѪѾı䣬ԺͲࡣ
Ŷϻķ
ҲЩȤֱǸıֵDNAѽ¾ִûɣû뵽羹Ȼܹɡ
ˣͨ޷ǿʳ˵Ѫ֮ǿмһ˿صѪ󳹵׵ĸͷ棬ɾ֮
Źʲôģ
ˣȻɾͰ֮ôа޵ͨΪ֮һȴͨ󡣲ҵȷԱ⡣
ͨͣһ£Ž͵Ⱒ޸ոճ֮һվɾɣڻ¡һô꣬û˵ɹͨΪҪѪԱиֵֻ
ǶŹ㹻ľѣҪ޳ͨǺԼûжĳͻǶϵ˵Ҳһѡ
һҲԼѣԼⷽ࣬
֪ˣԻȥˡ
˵仰֮һӿ̾һٴεĲ֮ǵϵͨıȫʧ
̾һԼҪȥǺɽһˣһҪԭίˮʯ
һҹ޻ڶһ磬֮󴩴ѱϣԼҪıȫϣ֮ȴֶѾѾ緹ˡ
㿴һۻǷʢͣȻҡҡͷԶѾ˵ҲԷˣҪ졣
˵֮ųСԺֱ֮ɽ
ѾŴҴ뿪㣬Щ棬۾һתҴҵĻԼķ䣬ȻһС֮Ĵһָ̾һӲӰ
ĶѾĵسţ׹ķ򣬸ȥ
Ȼû½طڣٶҲֻ˰ĹѾ˺ɽǸС
ֱ֮ӾԺǸʬǵĿӱߡ
ʹӻȡ˿ܾһһӡ
ܾʹһ֮һԲͣĹι
ֶ˺óһʱ䣬ƽ
֮ٴλӶŴӿоƮʮӰЩӰڵһֳԭΡ
ֻЩƮһΣһֱΣǵϲͣѪһ첲ˣһԴûˣǰܵ˷ǳҵĥ
Ҳ¶һ˿ֲЩԹôأ˭ҪĥûԹôֱʥˡ
ȿ֪ǵ
˼飬Щϵ˺񶼲˵ҴܣǾŲڡ
еһһЩɽķָָ
˳ָķɽȥ֮Уںɽһ޵Ʈš
ԼҪҵںɽǱˡ
һеĿЩ̴»˺̣뵽֮С
˱Ȼ۹⿴źɽ
һһҪɱħҳ


436 
⣬żأȻƮƮľ˰գžһɽȥ
ĶνΪҲ׼ˣûеɽ;Ǳص
һСɽ֮УͻȻһĺ֮⺿мһֵޡ
֮ԶƮӰһһŮɽ֮󣬾͹ڵء
ô£ҷһİ޵֮ˣϹˡ
ɽڴģһ˻ƶ
ߵһŮѾŵɪɪ
ãǸеĻЩİһԱߵŮӣ˵ؽĻҵȲûзʲô
˵˵ǸϾҪˣ㻹˵Ͽ׼ȻĻǶû
Ǹһϵ˶е˵ô˵Ҳ֪ǲƭԼģҲŵվԶСɽȥ
ȵڻʱѾ˼
һһǳɭ죬ⶫֻһֱܹһ磬оȻĹڹ񺿡
Ѿˡ
仰ɽ֮дһ˵ǵʿеƮɽ֮ڷȥ
ٽɽͷı仯һԵĹʼӣӣԷѾȫų⿪ⷽԲķΧγһصĿռ䡣
Ĺ»Ұڷռ֮Ҳϲ񣬻һķ̣ռ֮ڡ
Щֵļ룬ռܸӵǿˣԵĹȻʼٴη䡣
ΧڵĿռ䣬ǿʼӲĴλγһصСλ档
ʱҲСɽĸڽԭڲû̹ȥԶԶĹ۲š
ͶԼĽ⣬Ϊķ֮УⷽռѾȫĸ뿪γһСλ档
Ҳ֪ģ⵹ǰĵʱ򣬴Ϣ
ЩԥˣǼĻôԼȻɾ˵ɣҲýСģĻŪþͻ﷭˴
ҲûӲһııǰѷɽһǰָ֮Ǹλָȥ
ָѷɽ̾ǸСλײȥ
ѱںɽɣټǾɷǽɵڣһʩչ̾
ѾĿռ䣬Ҳɽһ롣
ʵѾѷɽ֮ϣڽĿռ̸֮оڷɽ֮ϵԷʼٵɢԵͣѷɽӿ
ѷɽǾ֮аŷôȻǡǡѽɽǴ֮壬ȻЩ
ѷɽѾЩƮۿžҪĿơ
ڿռ֮һӦ̾һȣָѾռķɽָһ¡
ǰѱڿռ֮Ѿʼٶȵķɽڸͣ˰֮Уǽ㿪ʼ
ԭѾռûӲʩչɵͨԼķɽ˿ռз֮Уʹʵ֮䣬ռ䷨ų⡣
Ҳɾ˵ɣܹʱԼԼķ˸γȿռ䣬һҲֻ־ˡ
ǱõıһʼΧռҴܣܿľͷˣɽǰŵһһŮ
еһʮϵʿ뷢ףŮֻʮ꣬Ƿ̴档
˶һɽڹݣô龰Ͼ֪
Ԧŷɽһһɽȥ
Ƿɽûпɽ͸оɽ֮дһֵһռķȻɽѾ˸γȣȻӱ
ɣɡ
ͣҲƲסǰѷɽ
ڿռ֮Щˣʧ˱ķ˵ľǿ㻹ܹǿĽܡ
ѷɽ˵Ҫģܹǧ֮ն˵׼ҪܹٵİǵִĩʱҲܹƾѱٵĻ
ôҪĶôʧȥҲ͵ǰһܣԿֱǸռȥ
Ϊռǳѵʱ鷢ˣһǿռڣǿռ֮кһȻֱӾͰ˿ռ֮ڡ
ոսռ䣬͸оڵյķʼѸٵɢѾ׼ֻһΣ˸ߵάȣʱյļӷ֮С
Ͼ͸оֲѾȫʧ
΢΢һЦ֮ʱյļз֮пʼܿɽ֮ǰ
һһŮ㵽Ǹûпһýɽ
ɽʮֵԶǾ˹
˳ɽпĵ·ǰ˼ʮףڵϷԼİ
һϲϽǰȥѱڵУ֮һڣӵԼŵĽ֮ڡ
ǰţһĹһɽ֮С
ȫһƬڣ۵İڿǴ粽ˡ
ոյĽӴɽһļХ
Ȼһ˻Ƶ
̤ЬٴȫѹʿһҲ㣬û뵽Լˡ
仰һ㶣ɽеʶԼ
æɽ֮ĴɨӣҪҳˣôӴ޷ɽ֮ʲôӰ
Щüˣѵɽе˷ǿѾԶԶĳԼԼֲ١
ⲻѽԼ޳˵ɣѾԷҲǵɸ֣ҲԼǰȫסΡ
ԷһʲôصķţԼֲˡ
Ȼɽ֮УҾа취
ֻӻȡ˷ͷΣȻ󵱿һǷͷ̾ͻһˣЮĻø
һʾ⣬ǻ˺ʲôһǻͿʼ˽ɫȻɫĻͿʼɽ֮ӡ
վԱ΢΢һЦҾͲˣҲһǵɣܹŻ档
ڵ뷨ǣֻҪԷǵɣ޷Լһʱյļз֮УôܵĻ棬Ͳòзʱͻ¶Լвء
Ȼɨɽ룬һĻɫĹâ


437 
ǰͳһι״Ӱ
Ӱ첲ԳƵĴԼܣֵǣѾû˽ˣȫһβ
ֻĻҲǿһɯʲô
ϡʱ͹һε֮Ѹٵûȥ˸оʮֵľ㤡
ȴûжı仯ȻһŷǳҿԭǸԣûƯ
Ǽǵ÷ǳģⲻˣǰ̵С
СʱҲˣ㿴ԼһļУȻһ첲һɫĲͻȻǰȫĵס
סԼ֮СԹ۾㣬Ȼ󷢳
ʿû뵽ɡ
Ѿлָ΢΢һЦ˵û뵽û뵽úõ˲Ȼ뵱
仰ǼŭС˵ĺС
ǰʿͣҪɱҵɷҪ㻵ǵĴ̣һн𣿡
㲻ÿɷӡ
˵Щʲôãǻ˵ʵʵİɡ
ãԸǾ˵ʵʵġ
ҲļϵЦݣʵʱɱ˶ˣѵоû𣿡
ǺǺǣʲôģҳǵĸǵ궼Ϊһ壬ͬһɾϵ
ĿһС壬Ȼ˵ȻǾûʲô˵ˣǸʩֶΰɡ
˵֮͵һˣ̧Լƽſ
⣬Կã뷡
ոյ䣬Ͼһ⡣
һʩչױǰҪǿ࣬ΪһĹŵ治ͣ͸һЩı䣬һѾ޳˵ɣȻϾͶЩƴǿˡ
Сһŵ̷ųҫ۵ĹâֱС
СȻ˵ûȣжȴһҲֻһһɳȥ˼ɡ
Ķ΢һЩβȻûжŵϮһ±˸š
ֻôһ£С;ԼβһǰδеԸУžһɻȵβֱ
ʱС֪κεԥֻһβͣűеβȻԶ䡣
ʱСûй㣬ָ͵һˣξ뵽ɽ֮Уһʧ
΢΢üԱߵĻʾһ£ǻһһȻɵɽİ֮УΪĻ濪ʼɽ֮ӡ
һûãȻ治ͣɽ֮ȼգǵҲûбƳС
ɻС㵽ʲôطʱͻȻоԼԵĿռһ󲨶һƬצֱĺġ
һæڶԷ̫ΪͻȻ㻹˵ȻԷץ˳һѪۡ
Ҳ˲ԼѪˣ󼸸ͣ˰֮УȻϸĹۿɨ˰죬Ҳûзʲô
üͷˣСȻûгɾ͵ɣǺѾΪ֮ټܹ֮ʩչһЩˡ
Щðˡ
Ҫ֪ȻҲ֮һͱǿ󣬶ұʹͨ
˺¶ݣʮֵó˺ɱǵսǳķḻеʱܹԽǴܱԼһĸ֡
һ£͵ٴοʼάܿ䵽˸ߵά֮С
ԷʲôҲܿԽάԼ壬ֻǰȫġ
һԵȱ㣬ǾҪǿķ֧ţڵĵ֮Ҳ֧һʱͲòٴνάصԭȵĿռ֮С
ʱǰȫģͲôʱУԼֲСвء
ʱƣۿľ͹˰ʱʲô̽⣬޷Сײǲʲôռ֮С
ЩķˣҪٷֲ˶ԷһԼ˳άȣ¾ͻᱻԷϮ
ѵԼҪߣ첻СסĻͻ᲻֪ӵõС֮ԼǶһ֡
еһĪչʱͻȻֻеһűһ˿⻪
вľͲһвУæһ㡣
ͷǰһ󲨶Ȼռٴƽ
һЩˣҪ֪ѾõάĿռ֮УСʲôͨȻܹάȵԼ
ܿľһͣӻͳһű顣
鲻ԵģλЫ͸ĶⶫҲֻʹùһΣһԤھ֮鲻˳
ֵõʱ
Ĭ֮ű̽ȥ
Ȼ͸оԼϵķҪһ޴ջһϾʧ֮һ
ŷС£ܵĻӵ
ڤڤͨⱦ飬оάάʱռз֮дһ壬Ȼ޷άȴάĿռ͸
˹ŹֵǣڵǸռ䣬Ȼﲻάȴһε޷֡
ߺߺߵһЦţץסβˡ
͵ٴ̧֣Ȼף֮ͨά͵ľǸռȥ
һףǰͬǰֻ׵֮һάռ䣬Ȼʹάռһռ䣬ݿһ̾ͰĿռ˷顣
ʮֵĺãȻǧһ֮һνԾάĿռ֮С
һоҲ㲻ˣֻĻӶףͣŹ﷢Ĺ
֪׵ҲӲӣ֮ӻȡһ죬Ȼ󵱿ҡ
ҡάռҲʼ𵴣άάֻϱȹȻ޷ͨάά
üЩ㶣ⱦ֪ģû뵽ȻС
СһйãٴƴʩչӶ졣
һŶ췢ĲڵάռҲʼȹ̣Ȼһѷ죬һҪֱ͵ߵά֮С
㱻һҪ֪ʱ֮У˵޾άȣҪǲ֪λĻУ¾ҲҲػسˡ


438 ս
ڵҲ˲ˣæĽάܿľ˻άռ֮С
ոάռ䣬̾͸оԼڵһοʼٵɢ
֪γɵĶųԼڵҪ֮
ɲԷʩչֻǻһ㡣
ǻ̷ɵͷ֮󣬿ʼٵһˮС
ȻͱСˣ¶ȺȶȴڿٵܿľγһСС̫
̫ոһγɣڿռ֮вôһĲЩ֮̾ͱ̫֮ų⿪
С龰ҲŭΪǰҲʩչѾϵʩչһС
ֻ΢΢һЦٴλӶе죬֮оһĺӰЩӰһؾͱ
ЩոСһĿռ֮У̾ͱռǿˣգ۵ĹǾʵϱĹɡ
üСôôķѾԼôʱ䣬Ȼܹʩչͨ
Ҫ֪ڣķҲѾʧһˣǿǸСµӣȫΪĶġ
УȥҪϽսپ
ɻûе˰취СٻЩһѷһ߳
ͷ˸Źâ̫һεϣһ赲ЩĿ
һЩܵʲô̼һȻһͻᱻĻֱðȴһûֹͣȻһᶨ㿿
㱾Ҫʡڿǰ첻ˣ̾һͷ̫һ¡
̫֮̾ͷֻ˼ʮ棬Щ͵ľЩȥ
Ȼ˵ֵܹ̫֮˱Żһգ̾ͻ˻ҽ
ҲûʧżʮŻķֳͷ̫Ҳ͵ذȥһЩ
ʩչ̫İҲʼǰƣڴ˳֮£һߺܿͱѹԭȵ֮һ
ʿ㻹ʲôͨʹɣҪȻϾ֮ء
СԼϾҪɣѾ˷ܵЩˡ
СŮ˵̫ˡ
˵仰֮󣬾͵ķȫķ
Ҫ֪Ѿǵ֮ķϾͱɵķ߳һȼ
Щȶռ䶼𵴡
ҲʼЩάֲסں㷨Ľ紦Ȼ
һͳԺеǸ䣬Ȼۿٶȿʼǡ
һʱ֮Ѿɵĸ¡
⵹ǲ㲻ﳤֻΪɽ֮Уܵɽ߶ȵƣѾǼˡ
ʹҲǲСӣֻ͵ǰһܣ뿪̫ıռ䡣
С֪ͨǰʦǱͨܵģҲõĻӶ죬һɹεĲʼܳˡ
Сܣǿнľȫ⣬Ǹʱͨûз֧ţҲʩչ˷صͨ
С뷨ʵ̫ˣЩεĲȻͣɨ֮ͨ£Ȼ޷ڰγһ˿˿ľ
СæҵʱһγԣɳȭͷֱСͷ­
ΪһȭӦûᱻʵʱС徹ȻһŤϮǽһףֱһ벻ķֱ¡
˵治ڽĹǰܹ֮ȫŷһûС˸ʵ
ͨȻ޷ͭͷһǷȴҲСһȻʵˣֻͣһ£ûʵԵ˺
ҲˣӶǳֱۣҲͣСǰź
Сʵ̫ˣ֮ⷽ䣬ֱ۾ȻûһνӴ塣
СҲҪӸһӡ
СͻȻһҲû㿪˼֮䣬Ѿ߰˴Ρ
ͨȻ˼Σǻܵʲô˺
㷨ʩչʱԽԽڵķҲʼٵģȥûһʱ䣬ķͻľ
Щˣ֪ԼһʼٻǹˣʡԼ
ҲûеżΪ㻹ĵƣͲǹٵ磬ССܹѹô
СʱͻȻ֮ɽĶϺȣһɫĹâֱС
С㶼תͷһֻǶſڣվһŮѾɳһѼ
˿СŮȴһˣһľţǰȴЦݡ
ԭŮˣʦöѾ֪ʲôʱȻ͵͵ĸ˹޴սʱͻȻųмĽ
ǰѼٶȻ죬ڰвͣķŹâһɵĲ֣ܿľ޵ǰ
޶ѼȫĲ⣬ֻһֱѾ
С˶ѾѼ
ǰѾ˵ѾʩչŽϷǳ츳ÿһμڤڤиӦ顣
ȻʹŽԼһ˿
޸ոԽǰѼΪƽµʱǼͻȻһ٣Ȼͷһâ֣ƵֱԴϾͽ˹
޿Ǳ⶯һ
⿴ⷨӵʮҲӲӣֻһ
һˣϵȻĸ첲ϡ
ޱܵľһҽУûиоʹ۵ʱǼȻʵԼϣƬ໤ǼȻûκεô
ԶĶѾҲѾĿɿڴȫû뵽ԼôƣȻ֣ûκεô
ѾϾѹ֣һͲǺǵģԼǸϽ˰ɡ
˶Ѿһ֣̾ʹܳһʬֱе֣ѾԼһת򶴿ڴȥ
ʱҲѾܵСԣС㶵ʱȭͷǴϡ
һСڸоʹˣҾǴ󿨳ײһȫûһͷ
ʱǽʬҲĵСǰںڵֱָСĲӾ˹ȥ
ΪһضԷһӲ˵ʱСֻǳŪĿһۣһʧ


439 һ
Сʧֻһ˲䣬ȵٴγֵʱѾ˶Ѿ
Ȼٶȿ죬Ҳûп쵽˲ƶĵزֻĿСǴƬʱֱѾࡣ
ΪѾһٽӵʱͻȻֻѾļϱһŽ⡣
֮лһ
һ龰һΪⶫԵģܳʱǸСӤ
㳤ʱĶҾΪϴˢڵӤϾȻһ˿˿׵֮
Ǹڸû뵽ʱѾֶΣһûжӤû
ӤһĹ˵ѾǷǳˣҲֻСֱģĹ˵Ƕ˺
Ȼ˺ֻ΢ͣһͣǾôһͣҲȡʱ䡣
ȵ޷ӦٴѾ׷ȥʱѾ
ֻ׵磬͵ľ޵ıȥ
һҲ㲻ˣֻӲҧһ
һȷʵǲֱֻܰð̣ҸоԼڰķȻ׵ȥһ󲿷֡
ûеĵʱǸĽʬѾԾԣһǼںڵָѾļ
ǽʬָױذ׻Ҫ֣Ȼ˵ƬȻֵסʵʵĽһӾͱץ˼Ѫ
ҲΪʵԭȻѪֹǣûиоôʹܹѾ׷
֮ôִŵ׷ѾΪҲԼı£˵Ĳһ㣬ȻʱȡϷ磬ʱضܡ
ץв㣬ҪʱҲܹȥ
һػˣûһοѾһλεıѾһ㶼ֱӾͱĶ
Ҳ֪ǲǵʵԭȻôһȻûе¡
ֻܵ־ȻԼ࣬Ȼ󣬽ĸ˳
ڽ͵ľһס
ǿ̾ͷںڵĹâȵڵϵʱѾ±һ޵ģ
ǸСȴҡͷҧĿʼԭʧ
֪ãٴμԦŷɽֱǸСǻûеȿǸ仯ɵޣ͵ֱɽ
ôһ˲ֹ޵СѾֻʣµһ˿Ӱӣʿɱɷ򣬻Ҵ̣ûû꣬ٴ
˵仰֮޾ȫĲӰ
ʱСʧĵطһţҲûз
ʱٵάԼάȿԽάĿռ䣬Ȼռ俪ʼܵĹ۲죬ҪҳСټ
Ҳ֪һôˣôѰңҲռûзС˿
ЩżˣСȷʵʷǷһµ˺ģҪˣԼ˵һ
Ҳ˲ˣȫʩչԼɵķԼٴǿάĿռ䡣
طֻԼҲȫƽƽ
˸Źâ֪Щÿһһʥ
㣬˳ʱͿռ·鿴ȥδ
׵ľһϷСټ΢΢һЦ˳ߣʩչԽάȵͨǰȥ׷
ʱͻȻ֮䣬ǰǳĸʱռ·û
СټҲֻң޾Ϣ֮䣬һʧȥ˶С׷١
оһĸܸԼ鷳
»ûͨĸ֣ôӦǵλoϾͰ뷨׵˾⡣
ִ޾o֮УλĴ֧ܶԼģЩСආͲҸԼ鷳
ܹЩԿģǿ¾ֻˣԼѺѽ
̾һǹһˡ
ʱڵķѾĵòˣҲάֲסάռĴڣʼٵĽάܿľصάĿռ䡣
³ֵʱ򣬷֣ѾｹתȦء
һڵǰ̷ɱǰ棬ʵʦôˣǸץסûУ
ݺݵصһۣȻû˵Ҫǲǹץסˡ
ѾƣϽĵͷϿʼ
ҲǶѾıرˣֻҪһۣͿʼᣬʱҲԭ
ȻһⱾ»ٴЧѾֳݣ˼ᣬȻ֪װģȻ̾һ˵ʲôˡ
ŶѾɽȥһһѯʣôģڵѵûֹ𣿡
ڵĶѾѾһϴЦݡ
˼ֱǷҵĽʬ򲻹Ѿ֪ӵʲôطȥˡ
̾˿Ŵ˿еõСŵĵص㣬ڿûˡ
ѾڼֱԼѡ
ȫԷæԼˡ
ڶѾԼǰԮķϣҲ˵ʲôֻǰο䣬Ĭɽȥˡ
»صס޵ĵط²ߣֻ˵һԼҪϢ͹š
ѾҲ֪һԼ˻˶䵭ҲԹԣֻ㬵ػصԱԼķ䡣
ڵϥڴϣŸղսԸоˣԼԽԽԽѺˡ
ȥûж೤ʱԼͻᱻųλ档
뵽ʱֲԼʯͷϵöʯָ
Ҳ֪ǸʱԼöʯָܲٴƿռ䣬صλҵ硣
㻹һ룬ǾǵѾʼλ֣ϣԼųλ֮ǰܹȨǸʱܹǡ
ȴ֪ĶԿеգҲ֪λʥе뷨ֻ֪еһӡ
̾һ±۾ʼ̫Ҿּ
ŹȻĵմ̫Ͼһͨ
оԼѾ̺ĹâЩâʱڷ֮ͨתֻҪʱһܹ廯ά壬Ǹʱǽˡ
ͨҲһ޴谭ǾǶԵѾʼ幦ƾŹĸҲܹʱİԼ
ȵһ۾ʱѾǶס
ʱԺѾ˶ѾкָЩˣ׼緹ʰԺء
ȵܷ֮߳󣬶ѾСǰֺõ˵ʦ֣Ѿ׼緹ˣȳԷϴ
㿴ЦݵСε̾˿Ȼµ˵ϴɡ
Ѿ㣬ڿϴӦԼˣĴֱһͶһˮǰ


440 
ͶѾϴѱϣ緹ҲͣضȥõʱѾ½˳š
½˵۵ʱøϳ緹
ǼԷʱ򻹱һЩԭȵųԷ׼Ļ࣬ͶѾҲ鷳
Ӵ֮߰ʱǳƽ㼸ΪҪôƽʱ޳ˡ
粻ֹһҹͨ˹ؼʱ̣ͻȻֻһ㣬һֻӴŽĴǰ
ֻӷǳԣȻԹԵվϣ۾㣬
ȵĲ۾ʱֻǰļϡ
㱻ôһţ̾ѹһԼһֻ񿥵ĸӡ
ֻӼ۾̾͹ĽţҰԼһֻ̧
һֻӵϾȻ˩һСͲ˹ԼϢġ
ǸһǸСͲȻС
ȻͲһ飬߳һֽдļʮ֡
ʳ˥ܣڣΪͿ̿˥ܣɽһᡣ
֮㾲һ룬һس͢˥ܵʵ飬µĵŶѾ֪ˣⶼѾʼΪһˡ
ЩԼ͢ĴʦȥʲôⲻǸ
ʵҲǹڵĸˣ֮ΪѾ޳˵ɣҾȻܹնȴȺĴͨߣվڳ͢һߣ¾·ƼҲ޷ҡ͢ĸ
Щ˲뽫ɽȥһᣬðסԱһܹҲЩžȡˡ
Ȼ벻ףҲ¡
ʱһ죿Ǹʵ
ǸӹĽ˼žʹ³һС衣
ĿһС裬һ֣̾һˮƾյĳ֣СϣСسϴ˼顣
ٴһУǸСһУһСӦƣ¶һСֽš
ϱдż֣ʮ幧ݡ
㿴֮һף軹ûеؾͻ˻ҽ
ȥˣʱĳһ׼ʱ
ǸֹĽһȻһչӴϷ˳ȥ֮ʧʡ
̾˿гվԺпŸո̫Щء
Լһв뵽֮УվڱذܵһЩ
㷭һ룬Լֲʱ˳»ʵȷʵǷôԼ˾ɽѵЩµĵŻܰԼôţ
뵽ʱǻȻĿʡ
ƽڵͨҲʼѸٵתûж೤ɵľ羹Ȼһض
ҲƿһĽᣬпʼŹâԲܹٵͻƣҲȣҪס磬һʱ䡣
ʦ֣ôô磿
ΪԼոͻƾ˵ʱĶߴ˶Ѿ
תͷȥ΢΢һЦ˵ûʲôˡ
Ѿǰոյ㣬ԶڵҲҶʣֻǸϽָ˿ʼ
Ժ죬ЩͽҲʼ½ˡ
ѾʱǸһָѾ𴲵ļͽѣȻһȥΡ
֮ŴŶѾͽǳһ緹ͿʼΪЩͽǽͨİء
ôʱԽ̵ԼͽܣһֱǶѾ͵ģ˵ǣԽǳϧġ
˸ͽÿԶˣ˵òΪ˼Ǳʼǡ
ЩͽܵҲΣϿλģ
㽲Ĳʲôطֻһ㳣ʶҲ±͵ȥ
ڽʱ㻹ǷһЩһĶߣԭЩ˵Уһÿν۾
üɫ裬ζļͽܶûͨ
˰֮⣬ڽʱּһЩĶΪ˰ѻٴһЩҲãܹʼ֮á
ҲǸģͻȻĿʼϾ˼̧ͷ¶˸мЦݡ
Ҳûж˵ʲôֻĵ˵ͷ

ʱÿ̶ţܿľ͵ʮһ졣
һ緹Ϊ˲λǰǰʧ棬ԼõĵۣҲ˳»ʵ۴͵һף
ȵƵƵʱ㽫ѾͼͽżԼǰ˵ҹҪһʢᣬڵ֮аĵȴҪΪż
ĵӷǳȻڵĴӦֻжѾ죬Ҫ˵ʲô
뵽һ˽Գȥ飬˺ݺݵĵһۣ̾ͰѶѾҪ˵ڵĻ˻ȥ
ȵɫʱ㽫ͷһףǷͷ̾ͻһɫķˣǰ
һϷ˵ĺ֮ϥ£Ƿһһ򣬱ɵ֮С
ɵ֮ӻȡһα˸Ǿ貼һס
̾ȼȻ󻯳һŽ⡣
Ž׼򣬾һطɳ۶ȥ㼱æһĻ˵ͷǻҲæĴĳ׷ǽȥ
Ȼ磬һȥҲɵýһʱſԶһɽɽеǹ֪Ѿطˡ
ҪɽȥʱͻȻֻԶһ֮žһʮɵһ߷ɳ۶
㼱æסˣϸĹڣ֮һһŮʿ
ʿֻжʮ꣬ǣһһ֮ȴǿҵķѾﵽɵļ¡
Ѿˣ˼ɵ棬ҲЩ˳ˡ
иɵƣ˷ͣɽһ߻ۡ
ʱɽҲ˽֮ЩϵƲʾȻķ˽⡣
㿴Ҳò̾ЩƵ޵ɵ̵
ʷ㶵ʱͻȻֻɽ֮һ˸ţǰͳһʮ߰Ĺ
λСﳤֻͨжֻȴӢ˿˲ɵĽ
СŷɽԣһȻʵλʿǴʦ
˵ͷ˵ƶ
СϽٴʩ񣬡ǰ
ضкθɣ
ǰҷʦ֮ǰӦʦ
㾫µĵ˵ͷȻˣǰߴ·


441 
ǽСٴ֮ʹһǰߴ·һĻ˽ں
ܿ죬Сһƽ̨֮ϡ
Ļ䶨ſңƽ̨ѾվһȺˡ
һ㾹ȻʶǲˣһΧ˰̵ʱ򣬸ɳɳľӢʿ
ЩڶһվԶԶģкҲֻӣǣ˻ˣȻֱЩΪ׵Ǹȥ
Ϊ׵һ뷢԰׵ϵ߹Ҳæǰʩ
ɽʦ
ϵԼʱʵѾĴ֪ʿûһ˿ķн֮ȴһ˿˵˿ž;òǷˡ
ǲ࣬㿴ԷΪģһͨˣôĹ֮£Ϣ
ϵʿȺʿ죬ȻǸˣôֻΪѾ˵ɵľ磬ԼϢ
ˣɲҵæǰһؾһȻ˵ǰ
ʱϵʿѾǰ˫ֽȻЦ˵Ҳǵɵĸˣôҵ񡣡
˵֮󣬾ȺǰŸɵĸˡ
˵徻ɵţɽɵĵʿԼɵŮ
ЩȻŸŸɴʦһҲ֮Ϊڵĵɾ绹Ҫࡣ
ҲֻԵĵͷûйĹע
ȻЩ񣬵ЩɵʿǲʧΪںôҲǵɵĸˣ˵ѾǶĴˣܸǵһͷѾ档
ϵʿǰ棬ĸŸɵĸʿǺܿľˣɽɵĴ֮С
ѾϯѾȺʱˡ
ϵʿмϯ֮ԼԱߡ
ʱĸŸʿŸڴԶ
ɽɵ˶£ƱףƣͻȻ֮ԱߵһŮʿվ˵ʦ壬ôûмɵĸͽӣ
˾ƱԼð룬Ȼ˵ЩӶЩ³ۣڸǰʧ񡣡
һѾСĵʿЦ˵ʦ֣㲻عǫˣĵڽҲģô³ۣҿһֵĺá
һüܿչЦ˵ȻǾǼɡ
˵֮󣬾ԱһֱԼŮʹһɫ
Ͼʦ˼ĵ˵ͷ㹪˳˴һʹżʮʦֵܽ
ǹڵظͷվ֮Ҳʧ񣬷׷׵ĸĸɸ
ԵĶԼͽ˵òǳ⣬ֻһеĸͻȻ֮ڴĺ󷽱˼ʮλ֮ϻŸζȡ
ղŸλĸһ棬ֻܳԾƣɺ
ЩӸæһơǡ֮ͰԵλȥ
ϵԣһпЩϵĵӣҲǸоԾ
ԭ⼸ʮ֮УȻʮɣмѾͨӦϾܸһ
ɵ̣ҲǸоЩ£ֲЩɵĸ˶ɽΪס
Ҳ֪ɽɵԲò
֪Щ֮УӦɣղŽȴûɵĸˣҲתͷʵǰɵĴôûмɵĸˣ
ϵ΢΢һЦȻ˵ѾչؼˣгʲôѾˡ
˵ʱϵԳ˵һ䣬Ҫɵĸڣֵõʢᡣ
ˣҲɽϻӳư
ĵһɡɣ£Բֵɽɵ
ϵҲ˵Щĵ£һԼĸͻȻ֮ʹӴ֮ɽһССľƺ
ƺǻһǸ˼£ˡ
Ц˵ɵĸ˶ڴˣϿơ
Ǹڰеľƺٴεһ£Ȼȵľȥ
ʶľƺǳĸȤԼǰʱ˾Ʊ
Ǹƺһ£֮ʹӺһɰɫҺ壬ľƱ֮С
ЩҺĴ֮жƮһľ㡣
㶼ûкȾƣֻţ;ˬⶫǷ
ǸƺָԱߵϵҲ˾ƣ֮󣬾˳˳֮ϵĸҲϡ
ںŵЩĵӣȻûˣֻϵľƺԼϡ
ԵĿԿǵĵЩֻͨĻɫǺȵĲһֶ
ʱƱʾһ£Ȼָ֮ϵĸ˾ٱʾ֮һ
ҲѾƺˡ
ǾƸһԼĺ͸оһɻĵķ֮вȻ˳źһ·£ĵ֮ڡ
Ľ㵤ڵҲʼˬԼҲһĻС
ֻԼɣôʱѹǴķˡ
ָоϾ;òˣѵʲôè壿
ɫõ֮ϵ˿ȥһžԼЩˡ
ԭһƵ¶ǣڳҲʼŵκһû˸ղŸ˵ģ
ҲɻЦ˵ʦƶǲɺĽƶɡ˺ϾҪ죬޵֮˺ˣȥеͨ͸
Ļÿɷĵ˵ͷ
ϵĽͣ㲢ʮţΪղųֻһѾоƹƻĵ
û֮ϸղŻòȻЩǣѾʲôˣо֮ͽҲûʲô
ǷڰеľƺľƸˣ̾ͷɵǰҪٴϣֵ̧סǾƺ
龰ҲЩ죬㼱æĽͣ²ʤһѾЩͷˣ
ѾʲôҡҡͷҲȰ㣬ǰԼеǾһ
ʱƣɫԽĴ󰵣ڴ֮ϣŵЩҲԵЩ谵
ʱһŮƮƮȻվ˵ɫѾЩˡʹСϷôҼ
˵֮󣬾ʹӻȡһŰֽ֮һǰֽ̾ͱһλε
һףֻһֽŹյõ۸Ƶġ


442 
λˣ龰һƣӹȻͨ󣬾Ȼܽ¹˳
˵Ŀ佱ֻ΢΢һЦȻͻȻ㿴ȥ¶һ˿ĺΡ
ԭӲˣɹá
ɹãǰǼģΧ˰̵ʱɹҲ֮һΪһڶԿʱɹѾû뵽Ȼ컯󣬾Ȼ˳
ҿɹõıԼʮֵĺøеģҲĵ˵ͷǶɹõĻӦ
м˫շǳĺã΢΢һЦȻ˵ֻǳԾƣЩ嵭ϵŮǰ赸һΪǽǡ
ﶼһĽкá
ԼеĿӣϵһָ
ֻϵ㷺˵⣬Щ˴֮ϣһԭʮλµŮ
Ϊ׵һλŮ˹ɫֻҪ㿴һۣͲĻʧò֮С
ŮӱЩŮʼڴǰ裬Ϊˡ
Ȼ˵ǲϲʲô赸ǶЩŮˣҲʧС
Ҳʧȥ˿ƣǿʼһһŵƣȫ˾֮ġ
֮һŮӼѾʧȥƣüͷһ壬һ̾ӯӯվһһ
мϵɹһۣʾһ£ȻͰ۹¼е赸֮ϡ
ɹþؿһϵҧҧֵԡ
ʱ㻹֪һλԼԣ۾е˵ǰЩ赸ϡ
ɹԣ֮ͻȻڿһУһˮС
ָ֮һȻЩˮϡ
㱻һϾѹһֻԱһλЦӡ
ʱٻղŵ龰ֱð亹
ʱ˵赸ħħ裬ҪСˡ
ѣиӵľ裬ʮָмġ
æ˵лѣڣԺ飬ӾкǱȻ
ҡҡͷȻ̾һվԼλȥˡ
ҲЩ֣֪ôģղڴ֮ϵֻǿһۣЩһ˼ȫϵϡ
ղżħ裬㲻ǰѣɺԼĳԲͬͬʱҲԼеļƻгͻˡ
ϵʵѾӵӿһüţѵһѾ㣬Ļô㡣
ܿľְƷˣΪһѾﻮ˼꣬ǵһôǰ
ϵѾ֪ħѾûʲôˣ˻ӡ
ڴ֮ǰ赸ЩŮӣͻȻ֮䶼һǹ⣬ʧ˵
ħֹͣڳĸҲѹǲûаѸղŵʧ̬һ£ֻǻ࿴˿Ȼ΢Ц·Σ
ʱϵ±ŵԼĵӻӻ֣˼ǿˡ
Щӵϵվм买֣Ȼ˳žͰѴŽĹϡ
ʱ򣬴Ҷ֪Ϸɿˣһ񣬿м
ϵԼİ׺ӣӦһ£ȻŶ±ߵ˵λѾ֪ˣڳ͢˥ܣѾ޷ѹ¡ûµѹµĹ˾ͻƵ䣬ʱ²Ϳ̿λʲô취
ϵĳ±ߵЩǻ࿴˿ǲɵ¶һ˿΢Ц
ʱһķվǸӹ˹˵Ȼܳ޷ѹ£ôֻѡһ
һ仰һ䣬̾͵õڳ˵֧֡
е߾֮޵ʧ֮Ѿ˸ĳʱ򡣡
˵⻰һ׳Ѿ˷ܵð⡣
Щѹ£ƵŵķչѾЩ˱ƵÿЩˡ
ϵλҲĵͷȻתͷ˵ʦ֪ʲô
һ£ڴܳȷʵѾ˥ˣԼôҲǴܳĹʦû򣬾ֱӵЭôԼҲһִ
ҡҡͷ˵Ȼ͢նɴȺ֮ңȷʵЩ˥ܣǵѾʼͼΣֻҪǼĹָܻԪ˵ôĳƶЩˡ
ոյ˵꣬±߾ͱĳһСӡ
ʦԲӡ
㿴֪ߵغСӣ΢΢һЦȻʵǲֶ֪ʲô߼
СӣҲǵʲãڳλ֣ȻȻ˵˳»ʵѸߣЩӹ޵ʹ°ʧǰһʱңµƶӦͿԿǶǶôʧ֮Ǹĳѡһλµĺá
⻰Ҳҹͬ˵ʲôʧȴûпֻ֪µ̰Ҫ˻
仰˵֮ѾĿԲ͵ʼѹŵеλˡ
λеĸ˱ôһѹƣ̾;鵨ҿ۾Եͷ
ϵЩˣǽʱ͢Ĺʦôѹˡ
ϵһ֣̾һɵ磬ɨ
Щڴ֮ǻϾʧ٣λڳĸҲָ˾
һü˿ԼԱߵϵȻǵѾǵɵľ硣
ʱϵЦŶ˵ʦضŭÿһ棬Щ˶ǰۻһΣΪ˶¹ʡ˸ŵԼˡ
µô˵Ҳһͷǰÿһ涼Щ˵ġ
ڳĬ֪µĹ򣬲һܹıġ
֮ܲμʢᣬҲΪڶ̶̵ʱھͽĵɣΪһѹһĸ֣ĻЩ˿Լ
ϵ㲻˵ˣҲվڳλ˵ڴܳ˥ѾǲʵҵҪһ׼һɵɽ°ճħҲԿ¸صǱԱ
Ѿ˵ˣ˵ʲôΪڳ˵Ķ֣˵ʲôҲġ
ԼǽͰɡ
ϵ˵ͷ˿㣬۾˵΢΢һЦ֪Эˡ
ȻѾͬôɲˣΪһƿʼ仯ǷͨٸߣҲı䲻С


443 £
ϵΪֵˣͿʼ涨һҪѭĹ
ЩҹͬصģϵҲٴ˵һˡ
µݾ¸ɵĸˣǲϵĵӽǱĶ顣
ս˫ϣòֵʱҲҪһߣ˶Է
սӮңȡµŵĿȨ֮ҲùֵĴѹɡ
˶ЩͷҲûʲôˣǱϵǣԳܷ뿪ˡ
ⳡϷǴͷβҲûֵ˵
˼ҰԼֻԼ֪ͣµŵʵǿ󣬲һʿܹ赲ġ
ȵߵĲˣϵһλص˴㹰˵ʦҲطգеĹɡΪսʦˣҵɣƾĵָ̣ܻܿʦľ硣
ϵ룬һ˿⡣
̧ͷѾųۣʼɨϵ
һǰͨ˵˼ޣķ֮УϵҲû޷Լʵ
ֻϵư磬ĵﴦһŽɫĹâڲͣ˸
֮£ȴһ˥ܵ
龰Ӧ˥ϾҪ١
޳ɵɵЩ޵ߣµĲǵ˵ɱ˥١
һµ˥ָ·ࡢͷϻήҸºࡢֱ
ɿҪʱԤס
ϵ̺ǹɲ֮˥ϾҪȷʱ龰
ֲϵʿҪԼɣΪһû˵ѹºܿͻ˥ȥ
ڵɽڶɲʱ򣬼˵ͳµš
ϵΪ˥ôɽɿºܿͻᱻµĵųԺȸɾ
鲢ʲô岻壬ǹϵ¸ɵ˶ٵ⡣
ɽΪµŵĵڶռӴˣûѹôȻΪ¸ɵģֻҪɽɣˣȻ֮С
˶ԷĿ֮ҲתȦ
Լܹ£ɽɣΪԼ֮ôԼѾ˵ƹˡ
۾һתЦ˵ĻҼסˣͬȵ֮ɽҲ١
㲢ûϾܾҲһϲɫǰһץҡҡȻ˵ʦ㷨ǿʵ¹ĺˮʤˣܵõʲôôɽ֣ɽɣ徲ʤ
İϵƣȻЦ˵ҼȻλҪΪܳһҳɲɣҲֻǿˡ
ҡҡͷε˵ˣҾͲ˵ˡʦģֻҪɽһգȻôʦܵ衣
мĵ˵ͷҲͱȭҪ뿪˼ֱϵסˡ
ʦߣлҪ˵
ͣ½ŲĻͷһղŵĻѾ˵𣿻ʲôҪ
徻ɵһ棬Ѿûгɽ˷ǿͨնȴȺ֮£ֵʱ򣬵ҪСˡ
һüû뵽羹ȻһλܹնɴȺ࿹
Եһ˼˵ͷǶлȻһ˴Żʧ
ȵ㳹׵ĲӰڵ⣬߽С
λСϵԣţ˵ͷȻ˵ʦ֣Ϊʲô㣿
ϵʧҲ΢΢һЦ͵еطչȥδδʱ֮Уܶʱ벻λʦ
΢΢һüȻһЦ
ʦ֣ҿ̫ǣȻʿǴܳĹʦȻᱻ˹עδܶʱ򿴵Ҳϡ档
˵仰֮ϵЦݾȻ˵ɽɣⲻɽɺµΪ𣿡
ϵ̾˿ȻȰĿһ֮˵Լʵ뷨
ʦ֪ҸоԼĵ֮Ѿʼ˥ܣ˥Զһ˥ȥתʱɽֿ˭֧ţ
ԭλСϵʦתͶ̥Ȼֱϵҵ¡
˱Сʿİӣʵʦת
ϵĻҲЩɥԼ̫ԣֵԼ˥ܣ󲻵òͶ̥ôʱɽɾλ򣬾ʦ˥Ҳܹ֧š
뷨ȫвͨˣһĵɣʱѹɽɣֱһγɾ͵ɣܹɹΣ
£õѡ
͢һҲ֪ϸЩŴɶǷʦţȻǷǳ
˵еǿʦΪɽĻЩ˽ɣȻһҲеĶߡ
ôΨһĽ۾ǣʳټеõĸıᣬ˵ɡ
ûʦԱָȻܴһֱɣѾ˵ĵز
ټҲһ¼ҹˣǼɽɣҲռȵ
˵ʿɽԼĻˡ
ѾԼʦõϿˣѾԼ˼̾˿Ȼʦ˵ҪʿصĳΪɽɵЩѽ
˵ʱ¶һ˿ĲԼʹࡣ
ǸСϾʦʲô˼һȻĿԼʦ֡
ĵһ𣿡
Ĺؼʱ̣ôҲǣ´ǲȫ¾Ҫ·磬Ӵһ겻ΪܹҲòίʦˡ
ǲԸְŵģһ룬Ȼ˵ʦֲѧɱչأҾͲɣܴǵĻɽ󲻳ɣ
ǺɲͬɵȻֻһɣΪǲ࣬ȴһɽѹˣֻҪǰڣɾĸκεˡ
ɽȴͬûķܹڵĵλȫһʦˮۣһǲȥɵ˺ôɽɾͻѸٵĽ͵λʱתɲɽˡ
ʵһ仰ûжԼʦ˵
ǾǲһĿǸǱǱˣչɺ
һҪɣԱԷʹʤҲû˼ɡ
ҲΪʲôʱ̣Ѷڼ䣬ĸɻǸѾʤɣһδģͻϮԭ
Ȼڹԭ޷ԶԷдģɱˣҲǿԷʵöԷʮ겻ûָ


444 С
˵뿪ɽʱɫѾʼʱŻзɳۡ
ЩͷۣԼոճΪܳĹʦܳ˥ܣֿʼֱͺľμӹһ
ѾزҲ޷أֻǾάִܳô˥ܡ
ǷܳɹҲֻܿˡ
ҲǸ£Լʶʶ¸ɵĸˡ
ЩڽʦְλˣǸ̫ԤϣԼˮѽ
ǳƵʱͻȻֻĻ˻һȻ»һֻͷΣȻȥ
һ°һ£ҿ㷴Ӧ죬ͣ˰֮С
ǵ֮ͣҷͷεʱȴֻѾӰЩż
֧ͷſɲĶֻʱıܡ
ȵԲʱ򣬻Ҫֻɵġ
ɲ÷ͷŶˣֻһֱ̾µȥ
ıڵۣ֮̾ʼڸĵϹա
ôѰңͷεӰ
ЩżˣͬʱҲЩߣӦĸС֪ôȡԼı
㽹ֵʱͻȻ·Ա߹
λӢǷҷΣǮ˼ҵĹӡ
ڿ㣬·߽ضȲ࿴һһǰһ˵λ֪Ѱʲô
̧ͷ˿ǰˣյ˵ƶһҪı
Ǹ֮󣬽žһЦ
費Ҫֵܰһһң
ˣƶԼѰҾͿˣλɡ
ˣ˵ͷǰȥˡ
⸽һȦȻûзַͷεӰӣЩйˣǱ˵ȥˡ
ҪǣȥԼ˿»Щ죬ȻܹԼĸоԼٻ
˶ţѾˣȵһηĸǶԼıһҪ֪֪ԼҲҪЩͷĻ˶Լʲôɴ档
һƢ㿴Ѿɽʱ˲پƣտʼʱû£ȴЩͷҲУһҪԼͷۻײɽô죿
ֻǰǰһʱ䣬Ҫһջʱ¶ޡ
˳Źٵǰһʱ䣬ȴȻһǰŴŵĵط
ã·ľͷһСﴣţҿɢֳһĴ̣Ӧлˡ
ûа취ˣֻСʱޣúõϢһ죬ʱҲ١
СȥõſȴСһķϵ
㲢ģΪղѾɢẈ̂ķϣӦҲ¶ޡ
߽ưܵţǽȴ߿ưܣȴɨһȾ
ŵҲڴеˡ
ʱӴѾ߳ˣΪ׵һϺУ
㻹ʶģǲˣǸղ·кˣҲҲͷС֮ˡ
ǸϺмǸʿЩ㶣Ȼ˫ֺʮеһ
ӷƶɮˡ
ҲϽĻ
ƶ³çʦҪ֡
ǸƽЦЦֲ֡
˵֮󣬺Ҳǰҽܡ
ԭΪ׵˽̶Т棬ͷС֮Ͷޡ
˺˼䣬Ϻоͽ˴֮С
Ĵ̧ͷһžһüԭйľȻһ֪ķӡ
ô꣬˵Ǽʶˣȴû˵
ԱߵϺʵʦ֪ϱ߹λӣˡҹªţȻ֪ʦΪҽһ
ǸϺЦЦȻҡҡͷ˵˵˵
ҲûмΪ֪Щoǲܳ͢Ͽɵġ
Ҳûмľ
ǸϺУеһȻ˵λɫѾ磬λûùţƶɮȥЩҲǵĶƤ
˵Բ緹ûʲôϵλͶǰˣȻĵͷ
Ϻнһ񣬱߳˴
Ϻһ뿪ԾһϺиǵѹС
ҲֲǣղһŵʱͷϺΪҹǳѾɵļ£ֻҪٿһǵ֮
ֵǣһҲͷĴܣȻС֮иƽ
ûϺУҲͿʼɻˡתƣָ羰
֪СиˣҲûҴܣ֮Уһ֮ϱĿ
˵ˣתתžһΰĴ֮С
ҲʧޣȻΰǲ֮洦ɼ
ǵڸɸɾҳȾһ֪ɮǽϻбڻ
߱ڻһɫɢŮ񻣬ǾɫһŮ黨΢Цӣ۲ԡ
ТעĿãҡᣬ˼࣬ǷǡȻƮƮ֪ѷٱϣͼС
ԱߵȴûָоֻǾЩȷʵľֻǶ࿴˼ۡ
ǵתͷʱȴТЩѾעĿã΢΢һЦȥТļЦ˵֣ôϻе𣿡
վТûлشȻ۾ĶЩڻ
˼Тļ򣬼ûлӦЩżˣǰǰ˻ΣТǵ۾ǰζָǲŲʡ
ѾЩ޴ˣһУҪТʲô£ôļ˽
æ뿪˴ֱҪһ˹Тôˡ
ڵڱĿ˼Լжʱ֮·˵ȻпޣȴҲӡһδս
ֻҪδս֮УôԺκδ¶벻㡣
¶ˡ
ü۾⿴ȥֻǸĵ˹
ʲô飿
ʱѾǰ˿˵ˣТزѾû֪ȥɡ
һæվȥ
˴Ҵææ˲Զһ֮УһֻǸТｩš
㲻֪ТúõվţתͷЩ˵֣αغҿЦТǺúõվ𣿡


445 
ʣæТǰָ֮ͱͱТӡ
ТȻվûʲôо
Ȼ̱̱˫֣ʾһ£˼˵㿴ɣôûзӦ
ҲЩüǰȥϸĿ˿Т֮оһΪĹ۲֮УТѾ壬ֻһտǡ
ղʲôֵĶ𣿡
ӦǸղʲôֵĶԱ˶˻ǡ
ϽҡͷûʲôֵĶ浽ֻǿ˿ԵıڻТͳ
ڻ
Ļע⵽ԶǾıڻ
üͷǰһТǰıڻʼϸĹۿ
Щڻǻ칬ҪĴ֮У칬еһｲ˵
Щڻ֮лǳķӣֻһۣѾڻпһǧﻭ
˶ôĻﻭֻͷۻ޳ɵɵģֻǿһۣͰЩȫεӡС
ǰһ˱ڻ࣬ϸĹۿʱģҲߵ
ֻǿһۣ;ֵĴ
ԭ⴦֮УŮ֮䣬ТĻȻС
̾˿ȻԱߵ˵⻭ЩŹ֣Ȼܹ˵Ļǡ
Ǹô죿
һ£Ȼ˵廹ϵˣȻǵС飬ȻҪ
Ļ̾Ǽææĳ˴ʼȥǸС
ûһĹͰǸϺϵϽ˴֮С
Ǹܻ˵еʹʲôТĻ㵽˻УʶȤĻųĻҸ浽ٸĺùӳԡ
ǸϺкѾ֪˷ʲô£˫ֺʮһȻ˵λصģҲʩĻԵܹƺ쳾ôȵٳʱ򣬱һλеĴ¡
ˣ⻰΢΢һ㶣Ȼ´һУȻͻȻ¶Цݡ
УڻЩѽ
ǸϺɫͻȻıˣ˿㣬Ȼ˵ɮЩˣӦҲΪõĸ˰ɣ
㲻ÿɷ񣬴תͷǱڻʱһСεĹǱڻϵַ˱仯ǸТѾ쵽˱ڻ룬Ǹɮڽ˵
վԱߵǸϺм龰ǲ͵¶һ˿΢ЦȻĵͷ˵ʩȻǻԵ񡣡
תͷϺһۣȻм˵ǿδء
˵䣬ڻģТĻ񣬾ȻʼƶȻһ̵Ļص½ǡ
ϺмɫЩÿֻ̾˿˫ֺʱ˾䰢ӷ
һϵТȻʼһòŮ˲Ϸ
ǸϺȫʧˣҡҡͷת뿪
ֻ֮ʣ˾ǿƬһŻϵﲻͣı仯
˺Т鱻ˣǻ֮ϾȻһȺ콫ǸСŵΧס
ʱТѾµĶ˴£ɪɪ
ʱǸ뿪ɮһƣ˻֮ǰ
ɮеʩΪξβ飿
δ䣬ǽ¶״š
ɮֺСɣͬѵȺʱ
δϣТǽڼƮȻأδľ״ʮǱ
ԭڴףȻϺкУףæߵ֪ΪΣתۼֻص
ǸϺмТЩ㶣æƶТ͵һƣͽƻص֮ڡ
ϺиϽδТǰǰߵĿͷ֮Ϣ
ȵ˶뿪֮Ϻһ˫ֺʮҲǵǰϢȥɣիܿ׼á
㲢û뿪ǰһϸĹۿŴǽϵıڻ֮˵ڻǹŹ֣Ȼܽ˵Ļ㵽ڻ֮С
վǸϺɫѾЩˣû˵أɲҵĵۣ뿪ﵽǰȥɡ
תͷϺЦ˵ʦףڻʵ㿴ɺã
Ϻɫޱ䣬һȻ͵ĴӲϽקС
еܣҪĻǽҪһˡ
̾˿ʮźƵģתű֮ȥ
Ϻվ۾ĶıӰһֻѾżеͻȻǰһס
뿪Ϻе֣̾ͻӰֱĺġ
ʱ㱳ŵǰѱȻʶȻ󻯳ɵĽ⣬Ƿȫڵء
Щڵص飬ֻͣһ£һηɵ˰֮У֮ȫŹ⣬γһֵķ󣬽м䡣
תͷüЦ۹⿴֮˵ʦǺ⣬Ѿ׼뿪ˣʦαΪѡ
ƶɮ棬ʱѾ֪˱ŵܣˣûж೤ʱ䣬µĸŸɾͻӵ
˿ڻʲôŹˡ
˵仰֮һ̾һ⣬
Ʊ㿪ʼɢǵɵסĴѾʼĲ
ϺҲǳԾСû뵽㾹Ȼûж֣ƾƾĴЩסˡ
ϺҲκεĻˣֻдʣڴ֮еǸɮˣͻȻ۾Ȼ㡣
㱻ôһҲǴһ顣
Ǹɮ˾Ȼվ֮һĿչǰ
ڵ㣬ͻȻһ̧һ߹ɮˡ
ɮ˱Уֻһ㰲Ȼ¡
վԶǸϺһЦҼѾ޳˽ղ֮ССֶôκεʶȤĻϽ⣬ҷŹĻǣĻվ𡣡
ֻЦһҲشȻͽӵ͵ľһɸ£ͷѾ˴ķ
ȴƣŷǸɮ˾һƣֱӾͰ˵ϡ
ΧǸϺвżֻٴǸڵϵɮ˾ȻһվȻ͵һԾ֮ɵĴҲͬʱŹ⣬˫˹
ʱǸɮվڰ֮УѾͻƽ͵һ
ֻ͵ǰһˣǻƽɫȭͷѾֱͷ­


446 뻭
ԷĽɫȭͷ㲢ţֻ˫֣ץסˣץס˶Է˫ȭȻ͵һס
ǸɮһӾͱӳȥ˼ʮɣ֮ˡһˤ˵ϡ
ôһϺ鲼µķҲʼ֮󣬻ɵĵǹ⣬ʧ֮С
㹭ǰһǸϺеǰ֮ƣɮץȥ
ɮ˿ʹˣʵǳѸͣץæǰһԾͶƣûӦһѾֱĶš
һǸɮˣǲò˫һţ֧סѹơ
ϺиһӴþƣ;һľж¡
˫ۡꡱһͶϳ˼ڣɮҲһҽ˵ڵء
һ̾ͽɮУ֮һΣʹ±ԭĴС
ǸɮѾǳ٣ۿžû㻹ָüһ㣬žһɷָ뵽ɮ˵֮ڡ
Ǹɮǿ۾ţȻͣѪܵ˾޴ĳ
ʿʲô˵ģ㻹İɡ
˾ͱ۾ǵˡ
ѾˣѾѾԼ̿Ҳ˵ġ
ǲ˵ѵҾûа취ֻһףͽϺ׵˴֮⡣
ֻӻȡ˿Ȼ󵱿յһһӵĺƣӿ
ЩƺܿľͰСȫסˣ֮оͿʼһĹ񺿡
ԭĹ֣ڲͣرۺУܹɻһ£ǳ˷ܡ
һѾĿһȻҧгݵ˵ԭǸаħ
˵仰֮ɮͱ۾žҲûѾˡ
ϸĻͻᷢɮһ˿Ц
㷢Ǹɮ֮Ҳûд⣬Ҫ֪Щ޵֮ÿһһЩ֪ķţ˭֪᲻ͻȻԼһ¡
Ȼָ֮Ĺ֣Լǰܲóһı
һ֮ߵǸ֮ǰϸĹۿ⻭ڡ
һͻȻԼ꿪ʼҡŲľ壬ǻƮȥ
һҪ֪ڿǵ֮ʲôȻܹ塣
ȴоԼϵûϣΪǹ꿪ʼø
ҲͷԼĸоһͶ뵽ǻ֮С
Ǿǰһȵٴοܵʱ򣬷Ѿһ԰֮С
һ⴦԰⻨԰֮㻹һ˲ޡ
˲ްտʼĴıˣ֮̾һ͵α任ͱһͨӲݡ
ЦҡҡͷԼô˲ų
ʱڻ԰ԶŴ߽һòŮ
ŮӵһȻϾ¶Цݡ
ղһŮû뵽ôãҲһ
˵֮󣬾һ
ǰһ򸣣Ȼĵ˵ˣô
ʵղһ۾֪ǰŮֻۣûʵ塣
ΪŪ⴦ڵİأҲίߡ
λ£ֻ߹ۿɫʹʲôط
ǹһЦȻ˵ǺûԵ칬ӿޱߵĸ
˵֮ǰȥ㡣
һˣȻһӣλͱӳȥ˼ס
￴ʵֻڿзһͷȵڵϡ
֮ðԹ㡣
ӣǸʲô
ֶŮһץ̴Ϸһ
ǸŮӱ㲻һ߷ڰ֮Ѿ֪ãǴļ
ѽз˴
ǸŮӻСķȻƴĽкȴûһ˿ܹȥһɿ⡣
ŮҲˣֻǿԼС
ʲôˣǰŪǵĸֻ֣Ůһ
ǸŮӵ̵ľͿʼСܿͱֻмĸ¡
ھƣԼеСˣ˵˵ʲôط˰ɣ
ǸС˼ʣķǿҲֻǽԼ֪˵һ顣
ԭڲ֪ǰС˻ǷһҵŮһһ˵ҪԵĸĸҲիɮģԾͽ뵽˼Уʼ
ϣоȻͻȻĴĹ뷿У֮󣬽ĻǹЮ⻭Уһͷ
⻭еŮӣŵľҲûʲô
üһ£ȻʵǸʲôط֪
Ůôʣ۽ü¶һ˿֮ɫ
ǰ
֣ͷһ
Ҫ֪ĹԺɵʱ򣬷žλʥԸܽ
ôطֳһѵֻͬͬ𣿿²á
뵽֮㵹Ҫ뿴һ𵽵ʲôһӣͽŮŵԼͲ֮֮˳Ůָķ򣬾ǰȥ
㵽ǰʱ򣬷Ѿɽ˺ľΧţмϣһɮ
ĵǸɮҲʲôͻȻ̧ͷķ˿Ȼ¶΢Ц֮󣬱һܵЩ㲻Ķڿն𣬷ܣмóһͨ
֪ԼѾˣҲĵۣ˳ɮǰ
ǸɮӵˣЦ˵ѿˣƶɮѾǧˡ
΢΢һüȻ˵ºʹʦʶΪʲôҪƶ
ƶɮҲһƶɮȻ֪һ
˵ʱϺǰһָĽȻһ
ҲֱӾϥ˱֮ϡ
ǸϺм㲻Ҳ΢΢Ц֮˵ѣȻҵľ˵ʱѾˡ
˵仰֮ɮ͵һ𣬽ϾͿʼŹ⣬Ĺպʹء
֮УֻԼ忪ʼڻ
ЩˣҪȥԼĵɵҲ֧Ų˶á
Ҳ̾ʹеǸ䣬̾Ϳʼǣ˼ʮɵĸ¡


447 ռȵ
һصĸоЩˣȻʩչ˷صͨ˹磬ȻоԼʧ
ֻһãʱƣãԽԽҪ˼ά
ҧԼͷԼǿıѣȻǰһ֮󣬾𶷴ȭͷֱͷ­
Ǹɮ£㻹ܹҲЩɫ
ֻһ֣Ա̴ܳ˼ʮ׵Ĵ󽫣һܵǰ赲㡣
Щ˶˵ͺҲûʲôֻεİ֣ڰнЩ˶ˡ
Щڵ֮һ̾ʧǽɮıٴδ˳ûһ
ʵĲ࣬ЩȻƴ赲Ƕ˵ֻԵĶһ£һǰһֻҪܵɮǰ
мϵɫѾ࣬Ȼûƶֺ
ۿЩ˾ͱ䣬ǰһҪԼǰˣ̾һȻ۵ʹٴ
žĵǱ˹磬Щ֮У̺ľһġ
ЩĹƻ֮Ҳͣ⾭֮оȻı
ֹһᣬڵķصͨҲʲôʼһ˴Сɮǰ
ʱɮһ۾ǰŵ㣬һ̧֮˸첲Ķͷ͵˹ȥ
һص㲢ûֹɮԼĶͷ֮ϣ͸оԼһαľʧȥԼʶ
Ǹɮϴʤ΢Ц
ӷ𣬼ǧĳﻮǳɹˡ
˵֮ɮʶһ̾壬˳ָͷʶ֮С
ʶ֮Уڰĳ˯ţɮǰƶͷ­Ͱȥ
ǧһ֮ʣͻȻ֮޾άһʥ۾ǻ۵۹߿˹
λɮ;Լֺܵʲô谭Ҳȥ
ɮһϾƽ΢΢һЦ֮廯һ⣬뵽֮С
ǣʱ޾Ҳٵϡ
ɮɵĹ⣬һ̾ͱ˿
εʶת˼Ȧǰ
ʱ˯еҲ۾ȻϥţԶɮ΢΢һЦȻڳ֮ԡ
ϣʱ
ɮǾЩԾΪȻǳ㣬ȴһ˵ĮС
ָоǳ˲һ˶һ
ɮҲ֪ԾˣűĶ
ֲǰδеĹؼӦλʥתͶ̥
ȻôԼʧˣɮҲ𻰣͵һתٴλ⣬뿪ʶ
ʶ㣬ֻƽſɮ뿪ûֹ
ɮ뿪壬ٴλص֮ڡ
ʱҲ۾
۾һ͸оԼĿռȫӣֻ޾Ĺ⿪ʼ仯Ѿ˸ǻ۹⣬⣬ѹ⡣
ЩռеĸﱻЩһգ̾鰲ꡣ
һ¶˽֮ɫͬʱҲ˱仯ָ޳е·ȫʧһĵûߺС
Ҹ˵ĵǣǰ۾ɮоռĿѾļ
λɮѾЩʧ룬Ҳ֪ʲôԭȻ֮û뿪
㿴ǰɮ΢΢һЦȻ˵֪
λɮһܿľƽ
ô֪ҵ
Ǻñ£Ȼܹƾռ乶Ӳд˼ǧ꣬ƾһ㣬նȴȺͲࡣ
ǰλɮɫ䣬˵ˣ˵ģҪʲôֶʩչɡ
ãǸи˽ˡ
˵仰̧֮Լ֣һֶָŴһָ
Ȼλɮ͸оռ䷢˱仯һڰԿռĿȨ
ɮɫѿҪ֪ܹôʱ䣬ȫǿĿռ䣬˿ȨҲάֲ˶೤ʱ䡣
ɮǿʼڰ
Ͻס֣ǰҶеҪʲô⳥˵
Щţʱƣɮоռһ˿ϵڱˡ
ɮ͸оԼƿʼٵ˥ܣڵķҲʼƮɢռ֮С
ɮҲ̲סˣ۵ĴһУ˫֣͵ľǰץȥ
ֻצûнӽ㣬ͱ޾ĹâֵȻ͸оԼ˫â֮пʼٵڻ
һʦɫ࣬ΪǰҲйִռ䣬֮ռ޾ΰܹʩչͨ
ЩâԽԽʢĽɮҲȫİ˽ȥɮ͸оԼ꿪ʼԣҲʼҪ뵽Щâ֮С
ʱƣĹâͻȻһɢٿ֮ϣѾûλɮӰ
ڵɫվǰһͿ֮ϡ
ٽһâðǰ˹
ıޱؿǰ˵ͷȻ˵ԺⷽأȻⷽ磬תʵΪһ칬ѱҵĽ
˵仰֮ǹͬʱŹ֮뿪ʼڣȵЩâֿʱѾǹ֮ϣĶ档
վŹ˵ͷȻͿʼ͵һʹܳ˱ڻ֮УԼ֮ڡ
ȵı۾ǽϵıڻϿȥԭǱڻ뽲ɮѾӰطѾ˹ŹâľΧ£
ͬʱѾоԼڻһ޵ϵ۸ǧɽˮܸܶоڻһС
ڵ鶼Ѿϲˣû뵽羹Ȼķ
ʱƣֻҪǹŪܹΪʵΪһĿռ䣬Ǹʱƾռĵ̣ɣҲܹһ
˸߲ҵʱͻȻ֮֮Уһƿʼ£ž£ֱǱڻ


448 
ĬĿ磬ֱѾݶۿžҪڻϵʱŴӻһͣȡһľ⡣
͵İľ׵֮С
ľеʲôƵģۿžҪ򵽻ϵ磬Ȼת˸Ȧľϡ
磬ȫܵһǲ֮ϡ
ľտʼûʲô仯յԽԽ࣬Ҳʼϸ΢ı仯
ֻĻ˸һɫķģЩĺһⲻϲͣߡ
ЩԽԽ͸ľƯ֮УȻΧľ⿪ʼͣתȻһɫļ룬ľС
վԱѾĿɿڴҲû뵽Լʹ˶ôʱıȻı仯
ľ˽ɫļ룬е׵ҲܵʲôţȻֹͣˡ
׵ֹͣϵĺҲʼɢȥ±ů硣
վľԱߣҪεİ˻
Ҫ֪һʮˣľⷢı仯ûи֮ǰĲһҪʲôΣգԼ˭˵ȥ
ֻԱߵľָ
ľܵĹ뿪ʼıð󻺻Ļ˽ɫĹâ뵽ľڡ
ʱľһαƽͨղֵѾӰ
ڣ׳ŵǰһ̣ľԼС
ȵٴϸۿľʱ򣬷ľǰʱûʲô
еʧʱͻȻһ𣬽˵ľ⣬ǷںǰĲͬ
ԭǰľ⻹һľͷƮƮģڵľȻûз仯ȴоеȫһ
ʼľе𵴣оԼ׵ӵǿˣֻҪһôԲʮĿռơ
ˣô磬еľӦˡ
ߺߵһЦһСˣװ׵ĵһռıľҲһ
뵽⴦Ȼ˹Ц
ǽϵĻһ̡
ֻһźӻ֮з˳ȻУⲻԵģղŶ˵ǷͷΡ
ԭϺŵͷζһˣϺѰ֮˻ڣռ䷨ĺġ
Ϊǻ˼Լľѣ̲סǰȥᡣ
ϧǻеλ˼ǧϺУûȫԼµʧȥ˶ȡĻᡣ
㻹һ鷳£ǾϺȥԼ뿪ˣСͳһ
üһ룬ͻȻ֮һ취Ȼ취Щȱ£Ҳֻˣ˽һЩô
æԺУǸʬ°˻м֮ϣ˸ƣִ֮ɢϵĳվԶ˿ûʲôǰȥˡ
ǰߵǸТ˵ء
֣ǻ֮еʲô
ǸТһ죬૵˵ûʲôֵ£ֻǾýһ԰һͱ˳
ɣ֣ҿͻеһŮӾ˰죬׷ʲô˵˵ɡ
ТǱʼˣ͵һ۾̧ͷ˵Ҷ˵ˣûʲô飬ٸʵ׵ĸʲô
ТӾ֪ģ˵ˣҲͱˣϾԼҪТģܰƼˡ
ԭТĺѣʵһֱǿТӼá
Щεʱ˽
ТһˣæվǰľһȻ󿪿ʵǱڻôˣ
̾˿ҡҡͷ˵ȻߵǰԼһˮһ
Тòӣһεǰľһ
ָԽ򡣡˵֮ʹӻȡһƱС
㿴еƱǳķŭֱӵһ˦־ͽƱ˵ϡ
Աߵ龰ϽǰƱ֮۾һɨֻƱдŰ
ЩþТǰӼԼʱǼģʿʿܴ󷽣һӾ͸
ʱ˵ˣТˡ˵֮Ҳ֪ޣʵǸ첻ЩҲա
Т͸һ˿ľТʵǲ֪еɮôˣЩҪ
̾˿ҡҡͷȻ˵λ˼ѾԲˡ
ТһȻ󲻿˼ʵղżʱ彡ôûжһ㹦Բˣ
εĿ˿ǰТ˵ڻд˻ϺΪ˸ڣ󲻵ò²ߡ
ôڵģǺһʴ
ТҲû׷飬ʧǵվѾЩմˡ
ТЩԾϽǰŰТµľѡ
ѹ֮ТѾЩ֪ˣǰȥץţʵôˣ᲻ܷ
㱻ʵһ㶣˭ûѽ
㷴Ӧܿ죬ϵľͲ³ˣӦǻеһŮǰТһθ顣
ҪθסТ˵ϺеӦûʲô£ҿѾĻݣٸװΣ֪Ժ᲻ᱻ֡
Т˵ʲô취ϿȾ̣޹ģһжڹ
㿴Тô֪ʱѾˣ˵ҷǳûͣҵǿԸָһ·
Та취ϽһȻ˵ʾ
Ҳð죬ֻҪǰСµһȻķǰݣҪ֪Ǯֻ֣ҪСǻеĸˣһֻ۱һֻ۵ġ
Т۾һȷʵǹҲ벻ԸֻҪԼ͹ǮǻеǸϺӦòΪ̡
Ǯ飬ТиͲ¡
ТһİƣȻ˵ǵа취ǰ㻹УҪҼС֮סܱ֤СС
˵СڻТܣûеһ£ֻҪһЩ͵˹ٸ֮УСܿͻỮ£Ϊǵļ
ТһܿľһЩ룬һԣȻʵǻе칬Ҳȥ˰ɣ
Ʋһۣ֪Тʲô˼ǵͷˡ
ǲ֪ʲô취Ҳٴν뻭е칬
һТһ飬֪ʲôṆ̀ҪٴĻᡣ
һ£ȻТҪСҪ룬ʡˣͰ׵Ժ
ʵ˵ͷȻТĶ˵˼䣬Լ
㽫εļ죬Ȼ⻭֮ǰ뻭С


449 
㴫ТʱڻеĹҲ˸Ӧֻһ֣Ǹ̵ŮͻȻλת칬Ե
Ҳİ취Т⻭ȥŮӡ
Žסĵطͱ칬ֻҪТһͻԶڴ˴Ȼ̾ͻᡣ
ԼǳĲþһƤһ
ΪܹȻҲֻܳ²ˣȵȫпܽǽ֮ȡ
ļ죬ʱסС֮УТȴʼæˣ⼸첻ͣڸе߶ܿһľ͵УӴ֮Сҵļˡ
Сǰ˹ٸʶûʣǮʱҲǷǳ޴ġ
ТͿʼк𹤽ʼС
ãСʮֵĴֻټʮɮ
ֻʮĹСѾȻһ£Тٽʼηɮˡ
ãСȻ󣬵˼޻ǻ˺ܿТҵһĸɮˣǷǳĽפСҼ֡
ڣ֪ѾòˣǲźТǡ
ʱĽӴТǷǳĸмߵʱᣬɵסһʱ䡣
Լһ뿪Ѿʱ䲻ˣԼСۣԾܾˡ
Тûа취ֻø׼һĹҵģҲ֪ʲô֮󽻵У·СĽ
ûʲôӡֻûͦصġ
Ҳõ˼˵򿪣ТĿ֮£㻹֮󣬱Тָˡ
ȵ뿪Сʮĵطͣ˽Ų֮󣬴һϾЩЦԷǡ
ԭвЩ鱦һĵ顣
ķ˼Щ鶼ЩԶﴫνؼ
ЩҲǺŪŪТЩеģҪ޵֮˿ǣֱӾˡ
ЩҲТһƬģ㻹治ýӵ·ߣֻһĴߣȵص˵ٴЩ
һııǱ̾ͻһǰżأϾվⱦ֮ϡ
ǰѱ̾ͷųĺͽ⣬С
Ź⻯һ磬Զɳ۶ȥ

˵еĶѾ㶼뿪öˣҲûиϢѾǳķơ
ļͽҲԿ˶Ѿ鲻ãЩǶŶѾ±Ѿҵһѵ
һ죬Ѿͽ֮󣬾ͽǸָȥʰԺӡ
֮󣬻رĶʰԺҲеһ֣ǲ֡
˸ͽ˶ѾĻ
ԶʰԺӣ˵ͷһ⣬ǰڵʱ򣬶һԸ̾кԼֵµǶ֣òʰ
˱ķ䣬ǿѾ۾ӣ̾û
ֻǴͷɥĸ㣬ɨѣĨʼԺæˡ
㻹˵⼸˻Щ龢տʼʱҲЩæңʱƣǾȻ״̬ʰģԱһֱҪѵһٵĶѾûطˡ
ѾֻĹĵſȥոߵſڣһϤ
ŶǶѾôˣŸ죬˭ˣ
Ѿһľϲ̧ͷһȻʦվڵ۵ſڣЦӯӯĿ
ѾڲǰһˣĻȥǸյǰʲô̾վ
֮סϵľϲװģ˵ʦǻˡôһĻ˰ɣǲǶѾ֪ôˣ
ѾԣڵĺӣϽĵǸ
ѽѾˣ·һЩϡ飬ʱ˼죬ѾҪ
Ѿϡ£۾˸ղŵ飬˹ȥʦ֣ʲô飿
Ѿ磬Ҳһ˶ϵ·Ȼ˵Уһȥ·һ㽲һ׼ĸˡ
˵֮֮ȥѾϽһͬ˵ۡ
Ժʰͽǣˣһ˶Χԡ
ʦڻˣ㶼֪㲻ڵЩ죬ôġ
Ǿǣڶˡ
ΪʦֵǰԼ쵽ǰȻŶѾ״ʦ㿴ҵڶϼˣʦã·Ҫǲ͡
㿴ԱߵĶѾһۣѾ̾ĵͷ
ЩͽǰҲܸѾ²̨Щͽ˵ôͿʼһˣ
ͽǼƣæĶס죬սսվ
ʽ˵ͶҲеһ֣ĥ˵ԡʦôǣרǡ
˵㻹תͷֺõĿ˶Ѿһۡ
Ѿ˵ͷȻǸ߸ߵ̧ͷӾһ˿佱Ѽһ
ѾͶѾı鿴ǻ࿴һ۶ЩͷɥԺʦǰû˵ʦõĻˡ
Ѿ˰֣˵ϿȥɻʲôҿɸǣҪǲԺʰãûзԡ
ʱ䣬ûٱѾͷһûзԣ̾һɢʼæȥˡ
㿴ͽǵҲЩԴףΪЩͽȻ϶ԼأûԶѾƴӡ
ѾҲ񿴳ʵļʣ̾͸¶һЦ
ʦ֣㲻˵ֵҪ˵Ͻ·ȥ׼緹ʱһ߳һ̸
㿴ĶѾҲûʲô취ֻǻԼ任·ȥˡ
ѾЦݣտлŻСȭͷ֮־ıˡ
ȵ㻻һɾ·˵ķϴ˰֮󣬴ʦһ㣬ٴԺеʯǰ
ʱѾ߰˸ˣѾһҪ㣬صظӷϴġ
ӼһڲˡԼУ˽֮ɵı۾еİ
ѾӶ棬۾¶΢ЦҲǸˡ
ʦ֣ǻˣҿӣϲԼС֮С
Զɻǰ˸ͽܼˣ㽫еĹһӣʼ߾ۼ


450 æ͵
صСۣתۼ͹ʮĹ
ʱҹöʮֵƽѾȻǴŰ˸ͽΣҼල
ﵹƽģڵȴʼ
رɽȻ˵ѾƽǽȻ˰겻Ĵ󺵡
һ£ɽѾҪոʳȫˡ
ũ˵ʳǵӣʳˣЩѾˣټڱ䡣
һЩƽʵũͱǰδеʼٸĸ̺ͺ
Ҫ֪ЩǮĺȫǺ͹ٸϵģһ°ũǾͺ췴ûʲô
˵صĹٸжʼĴҪЩΪ׵ũһ򾡡
ǽȴǳϵģЩũ񱳺ʲô֧ţǾȻʼɽк͹ٸλ
ֻĻٸܹӦľǰ̾ȻʼҸȼˡ
Ҳ֪һ̵Գƽͽ¿ʼ͹ٸԡ
Ҫ֪ɽؽ磬ǿǰ̵ϳȻѾˣǵͽǷǳġ
һɽ˵ҳһš
ֻɽҵĻܹ͢ά֣ǽϷҲ˶ҡ
ЩϷ壬ų͢ѱɽѹҵʱ򣬾Ȼʼسǣ˾ôˡ
һ³͢Щ˴ʧˣֻǵǲ߾ľǰƽҡ
ǾűߵľڶԸЩԭģһµô࣬ڲԭ˵һᣬ˲ԭϵĲ侹Ȼʮʼ롣
һ³͢Щ֧Ųסˣ󲻵òɳǰ߾ִ֡
˱߽磬Գ֣ͲԭϵĴ˾һǿάס˾棬ʹòԭòʱȴ
ЩϢԴԴϵͨصĶ
ԽԽϢҲЩżˣ֪ҾҪʼˣԼʱ䲢ˡ
Ȼִĸ￴һȻٻصרĶԸ顣
֮ͽѾͰ˸ͽܽеԼǰ
׼ɽһˣǴڹСĽǻ
վ±ߵĶѾһ˵Ҫ뿪۾Ϳʼð⣬ȻÿͰ͵㡣
ڶѾһͼʶΣѾֻ˶Ѿһ۱㲻ע⣬Ƕ԰˸ͽ˵ǰ˸˵лǿ죬ǸΣ뿪ʱ䣬ǲ;ֻǾθһʱܴһЩ򵥵ĵ
˸ͽĻһľϲǸʱҲˣʱָֻǾ񣬴Уķһû̡
ȻҲ֪Լ㣬ʩչÿ쿴ŶѾͽҲĽĲˡ
ڿɺˣʦǴӦҪǷˣܹˣ
㽻֮󣬾ͰЩ˴򷢳ȥԼ»ص֮У׼ʰ·뿪صλȥˡ
ոհ·ҳѾͽķ䣬Ȼ˵ʦ֣ڽչǳĿ죬ҲӦôһɽſһ˰ɡ
תͷŶѾҡҡͷ˵һβУҵĺܣ뿪֮ۻҪִ֣Ҫˣ۽˭Ҷġ
Ѿ֮󣬱ǿѾʼˣ˵гҲˣҪ죬ȻҸֺ󷽡
ЦѾԴȻ˵ѽҳ˶Ѿ˭أ
Ѿֵĵ˵ͷȻ˵ðɣȻҾΪΪغ󷽡
˵仰֮󣬶ѾʲôŤһ¡
ʦ֣ȵһλʦŵʱһҪҡ
˵֮󣬻ε㡣
ڶЩˣѾʲô˼ÿһԼȥҪѯһ£Լһȥ
㲢ûٸʵףҲʲô£ȵƽˣȥһҲʲôѵģͿʯָܴܲˣʱӦҲûʲô
ðɣҴӦ㣬ȵһˣҾʹȥһΡ
Ѿ֪ɷĵ˵ͷȻ̾˿
ѾڼδӦˣ
㲻˼ӣȷʵԼѾӦѾöˣÿһζûʵС
ΪάԼ߸ϵֻǱ֤ģһģȵ̫ƽ˾һȥһˡ
Ѿ˱֤⣬Ȼǰȥʰ·ˡ
Ѿһʰ·һ߶ȥ֮ע
˵ϷһҪԣܶԼĻθá
ֱ˵֮һҪɢɢȻĻϲҲá
Ȼ˵Ѿһܼһ¶㣬ǣֱ˹ĵĸоȴǳܡ
ָоԴӺ֮Ҳûиоˡ
Ȼ˵ĸҲʮֹ㣬ҲչˣǱӵϸЩġ
ǳһ֮ʹŶѾΪ׼õİ뿪˵ۡ
һأ뿪سǣһ֮УʯָȵһѹʱѾִĵС
һڷг֣оһ⣬һޱǰ
ŽļϣССԴͣĲʮֵϲ
ֽԼǰȻʵʱǹû鷢
ǽ֮Դһ£ͻȻָһָ
Ǿ仰һʣҲΪԼĵۻʲô飬ڼ޵ӣˡ
һ£Ȼʵ˽𣿡
ǸȻ˵ѾΪ񣬵ʱȷʵ̫СˣԻܿڣֻǽֲָͣš
㿴Ž޽ӣֻվ׼ȥ׷ʲô顣
һҪߣ̴ڰУǰ߸·
ƿߵԺʱԺڳʱ䲻һγСݣһѾЩߴĲȫˣЩСݻô¡
ڽ޵Ĵ£˵۵˵۵ĺ󷽶ʮ׵ĵط
ݴУһָһ㶣Ȼüͷ
ԭڲݴһ·أոյ
⵽ĸȱ¹ȻѷĹԼĵԱߣⲻǸԼһ
֮УĹͣµĺϾֱܷĹеʬһԩģʱѾˣҲЩ
ΧĹ˼ȦȻַĹܣ߸ǳԵĵص㡣
Ĺ߸صγһ󷨣ܱͣߵ߾£ĹеʬһһЩһ飬Ȼ˳
ĸɷʼܿռӣʼֶŵ۵ˡ
ûʲô˵ģȻһεҪԼΪѡ


451 
㿴ǰһУѾŭɣԼұ˵鷳˾ȻҺԼΪѣֱ̫ͷ϶
ڻҶԷ˵ʱȰǰĹˡ
ȥĻĹͻ᲻ֶͣԼ۵ˣȻ˵ЩֻǾţһë
ȻˣԱ߲ͣ˽УҲǸоᷳյġ
ӻȡ˿һӡ
̾ʹӿй
ֻ˵ϣ̹֮ǰķԸ
Ĺָһ£Ҳ˵ʲôֻˡ
ֻ̾ͻ̣Ȼһ˲û˴֮УһǷĹ֮УȻĴ˹֮
ѾϰˣʲôǶʼϵǸϾеվȻɵ˰֮У۾Ĺ۾
ֹһᣬĹеǹХ֮ӵˡ
ţɳ»ǰм仹ΧһòӰӡ
ӦһոճͲõС
ûСȵʱһӿڵСȫĻ̣뵽˿֮С
Ȼ˵ĹеĹѾԼˣǣһֱܾòþֻȴպţһʱ䣬Լϡ
̾˿صϢȥˣϾˣԼɽҲʲôϢˡ
ڶϣ㻻һ·ס˹ţɽµұȥ
Ȼ˵ұɽϣڵд˺ܳʱ䣬ɽԶЩ˵㻹ǱȽİġ
ôҶ֪ںɽĵ֮һʿԼɽҲûΧۡ
еСǰ˵緹Ȼȥ
ұĴ֧㻹Ϥ˼һˣϽĳӭӣȻ˫һ£֧齫ӭ˰칫֮С
ȵ˫֮Ǵ֧ʵһʲô¶𣿡
һ£ȻͿʼֱֱ˵
֧飬ʱ䲻ڵ֮Уʱҵ۵ĺ߶һ·أ⵽ô¶
֧£ԼҲЩ˼ֻε˵Ҫ˵һҪǸء
˵仰֧͵һۣ㲢ûһȻ˵Ҳ֪ģɽƧľ÷ǳҲǳĵ͡
˵ͷȷʵұĴȻ˵紾ӣʮֵչˣ˵ʵȴʮֵƶ
ǸСѾǴ׸ˡ
ǰһʱ䣬һ̣׼￪һʳƷӹȻôе˶ȥһ
ʲô
֧̾һȻһһʮ˵˵ǺɽһˮأҪ
Щˣǿŭʵ֧ʹӦˣ
֧ѾĲ죬ֻǴͷɥ˵֪ЩصҲһҵѴЩ겻˵Եģ˵ǴĹͶ˺üĹôԸڱ壬޶޵ȥ˵֧ô죿
֧߿࣬ǰѻѹһѹͷһ£֧ǲӦ´ЩϰҲͬ⣬ϾǹϵӵǮ;⣬Ǵ֧ҲܹһԶ
廹ϵˣԼҵṆ̀Ҫʲô˵úһаݣ˵Ĳã֪֪ŭԼǿߵĺ
뵽֮㳤ĳһڻվ֧һס
ȻҲΪ֧ˣֻ֧һæ
֧㲻׷£ԼҲһȻæ˵ʲô˵ֻҪܰ쵽ģһѡ
Ҳʲô£֧Ϊλ̡
֧һ˵飬Щɣ̵˼ĻЩá
Ҳ֧ԥǸϽֲһ䡣
֧ģֻǺ棬ô£֧ΪѣҲỵ˴ĺ¡
֧ñ֤һȻЦ˵ðɣ͸ϵϰڵؿгȥˣ»һʱٵȴһʱ䡣
һϰϻЩ죬û뵽Ǹҡ
ðɣ¾鷳֧ˣҰѵ绰£Ϣ֪ͨҡ
˵֮ͺ֧黥໻˵绰롣
ͺ֧ǣ뿪˴ίᣬصԼĵС
֮ԲܾЩþΪ˭ҲԼھĹ
Ȼ˵ĹеСѾˣԱĹĹﺬһʬ壬ܾЩӦˡ
ʵǲڵڴˣǸϽĸʦ㣬ȻϾ͸˵绰Լ
˵ڵһ¥һϰ̸ء
ʩܣģҺǴСѣһȥ˵һܹɡ
Ǹ⻰ϳı飬ʧһЩ
ȣ鷳ѵģǣҲ֪ͨôˡ
ʩܣҲˣˣôô󣬾ûܽµˣķڶĵȴ죬ϵ͸绰
ʩܵ˵ͷĴ֪ģҲҵСϵϣܾİţȻĻǼҿܲˡ
ģһʹ绰ǮҪǰ˵á
˵ʱ򣬺ǸоԼЩˣǸϽĲ͵Ҳǲʩϰ壬ʵԭǰһʱǸһúϰһδˣ˹أԺ¶ȼǮʩġ
ûû£ⶼС¡
˵֮ʩϰʹӻó֧Ʊд˼֮˺֧Ʊݵǰ
ӹ۾һɨϱߵ200ŵ˵ͷ
ʩϰʹ죬ɣȥϢɡ
仰û˵ֻ꣬㿪ʼ
ùֻһĵ绰
¶һ΢ЦȻʩϰʾһ£˵˵ܲٲܲپ͵㿴ⲻҴ绰ˡ
˵֮ͽ˵绰
ιʲôѽ
һˣ׼ؼס죬ҵĵԱ߳˻£סˡ
õģϾ͹ȥ
ʩϰϽĸʹɫ˼ǰԼ˵仰
ո˶ԷǮȻǲܾܾˣڵ绰Ͻ˵ָһǸϰ壬㵽һ£㿴ôʲôʱʱ䣿


452 
ô˵ֱӾ˵ɣҸջڼϢ졣
Ҳ֪ҵһ˲ǮĻҲôż
ðɣôԺ㿴ôżĸ˻ػء
ԺУ컹Լһˣɣʮ֮󡣡
æİѵ绰ֵסȻʶʩϰ塣
ʮԺ㿴вУҪеĻҾͰ鶨ˡ
ʩϰһ£Ͻĵͷ
ſĵ绰ðɣǾʮԺ󡣡
˼䣬֮͹˵绰
ʩϰ壬һ£Ǿ͵ˣǾͰʱ䶨ʮԺɣʱҸ绰
úúã¾鷳ϵˡ
˵⻰ʱʩϰִӻȡһпݵǰ
»Ҫϵܶķˡ
ѾΣҲƴǣͽпŵԼ·֮ظ֤°ˣԲ¶
˵֮ˣǸϰ԰͵˿棬Ŀȥ
˵ڵеСʱ١
һţľǶ
Ҵ绰ʱӦһϰء
ɫûлͣæǰһӻȡ֧Ʊݵǰ
㿴λϰ壬ʮ֮£֣˰ɣ
ӹ֧Ʊһϱһɫǻˣ˵֧ƱȻĽŵԼ¶
˾ͷŹ㣬Ҫһοôʰ㡣
˵ЦĻһ£Ȼ˵һɣȵ֧Ʊˣ͸ȥ
żżһ𣿡
ҡҡͷֵˣ¿ɲܹˣĻΪǮֵģЩˣϾû·ӣЩϰ廹ÿ֧Ӧء
ʲôȻϽʵ绰˵˻£ʲô£
ߣҲ֪ĸ˳ıӵҵ۵ĺһء
˵ʱ㻹ЩϾȻ˵˵ѾûʲôвˣϾ̫ͷ϶Ǹ˶е
⻰һ㶣Ȼ͵Ц
˵ѽҲ㵽ܲżңҪڼҵĻܳ¶Ҳ˼ңҪ־͹̫ŵˡ
ʲôѵҲڼұ˾ҼԱû꣬ҪǸҸͣѷǨ˻ԣҪǲȻĻ֪ҵ
ȷʵ·ǳ⣬ҲͲٿЦˣһ˵ԷǲǺǮ
ô֪
һۣȻ˵ⲻŵҪûǮ´㣬ɽұЩǣѹײ𣿡
̾˿ε˵ǸṆ̀Ӧұ޽һʳƷӹô˶
ŶʲôĴֱʣΪ˰һˣȻͳǧ
㷳յİ˰֡
ʱˣȹһʱϵ˵Ȱͻؼȥطһ붼ˡ
˵ͷаɣھͳɣڻȥĻҲܸҸ緹ء
˵֮ȥҲϽ󣬳˵۵֮󽫵۽סĳ֮һ·ȥ
ڻسǵ·ϣһ绰֪ͨĸĸԼϾҪ١
ȵĳͣұſڵʱĸĸѾǵˡ
еӴͬĸֻ´һ㣬ûȱ첲ȣһŤ»ȥˡ
㱻龰ֵ÷ǳΣֻҽ⳰˵ҰһվˣԻȥЪһЪ
ĻֱӾԿ׽ȥˡ
Ҳֻ׳ŵӸ˷ţһẕ̌Ļ
ӴǴݹˣЩˣһ¿ɼѽ
ϽĽԼļſڣȻСܵǰ͹һֺõ裬ʱ䲻æⲻǻ𣿡
Ҳ㿴ûӡ
һʵȰˣֻԹĿԱߵΰһۣ˼˵ΰԼ˵û
ΰֱӾͰͷһߣ
һԼû취ˣ˿˼˵һ취
̾˿ȻĶʾһ¡
տʼûʲô˼ֻʶԼĶһ£ܿľ۾һȻֺõóһ֧Ʊݵǰ
㿴ʱջ񡣡
ǰ۾֧ͣƱ֮ϣȿϱߵ֮ϵľһѽ֧Ʊ˹
֮վҴҵĽ˱Ķ¥
˺һŴ´¥һʱѾϴ΢Цˡ
ЦˣųһµԼظһǹˡ
Ц棬ߵɳǰվԱߵæԼԱ¡
⺢̫֪Լˣ˼ﻹվŸʲôԱߣҿʱûС
̫ŸСԱߣֺ֮õЦһ¡
ϸ˿ͻȻֻȦһм
ʱһûԺã㿴ˡ
˿ɾЩͬĿˡ
Ҫ֪ȻһȻǸʿʱ䱻͢ΪʦǴԵĿɲ١
оԼǰʮ׼ص֮һֱؼˡ
ոպ̫󣬿ɲǸæϡ
ߵķôĺãڻĺ⡣
ãţϾȥ⡣
˵֮վҴҵĴ˼·ȥˡ
ȵһϣž˲٣Ȼ̱ɳ֮ϣо趷Ƕ£ȺնɴȺսһҪۡ
һߵΰֱӾ̱ɳϣЩˡ
ôˣûվûվ㻹ôѧ֮Ժëɲøġ
ã̫ߣ̫ϻַˡ
æֱˣĵȺ̫ϻʵѵ̡
ɳһͷ㲻ͣıѵЦݣӲá
Ϳֻڵ̫ϻʵ棬û취ŵȵһÿ
ΰѵ㣬Сʱס졣
ˣ͵ˣҸղ˵ĻҪסҪٷĻҷź򡣡
ǵͷ絷⣬õģĻҶסˣģԺһģ򡣡
ΰĵ˵ͷȻվ˵ȥӷˡ
˵֮ͳȥˡ


453 
ڿ֮УֻʣˣǷ˵һЩл֮Ҳˡ
һڿɳ֮ϣԵޱȵɡ
ֻܰԼеľ֮ȫ£ܹȫķɡ
һɣͲĸоһƣȻ۾˯ȥ
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ָԼıһɧ㻹Ϊأִ˼£ǹûбߡ
㲻鲻Ը۾һԭԼǰվŵԼ﷼
һֻëʣԼǿǰȻء
ϰˣһЦȻ͸ϿԱȥץסһٴ
һʹɳȻһ̣ûܶԶͱ̵˻У֮Сڷƨϴһ¡
СѾͷ۸ͷˣôʰ㡣
͸оۣſЦ
ʱһӰԱߵĵԾžǰ
㱻˸ֲæ·ֽӹӰԭССס
СҲΪܳʱ䲻ˣڶǵĲУſĻͷͣǰĥš
Ҳ˳ƵߣèһСߣһ
ʱ򣬳ﴫ
ϹʲôϿӡ
ּ̫⣬ϽĽС׷ɳ֮ϣȻŮʹһŵȥԲ
Բոյİںãΰ̲˴ӳ֮˳
һϽǰȥӹˣСĵԲϰںãָ֮ϽĽȥòˡ
Ҫ˵ȷʵŶ೤ʱѽһ˾Ѿˡ
һԲǰʼѵõһžۡ
мΰһڲˣȻµʵһλܴ೤ʱ䣿
ΰôһʣԱߵ̾͵۾㡣
һ£Ȼ˵һλмҪ죬ܹһʱ䡣
ö棬ô˵ǲһ̡
ΰ𸴷ǳ⣬ĵ˵ͷȻ˵ҲҪǵæҪŻм˻ŮһΣȻҪһʱ䣬ôͳն㷼
˵ʱΰ̾һȻ˼˵Ͼӻ͸ĸһġ
֮ԱߵķһۣʱҲֺ̧֮õ㿴˿
㿴ŮСӣɵһۣŮͷȻ˵ʱҶ㷼ǿЪЪˡ
ĳŵոӵĺˣϾʹ˻Ц֮ҲǶԼЩΣԾԱ߰ǻٷԵĴǾ˶ɢ
ڶ糿ǽһθ׵ȥͷѧ
һηһЦݣҷǳ˷ܡ
Ů˾ͨļͥһĹѧУ֮㿴ŮıĽУ԰ŷĵ뿪
£û̻ؼңһƧĵطشһ绰
ΪԴӻصִ͸оػʲô⡣
绰ģǸһ˵ù飬ԾͰµˡ
ĵ绰˺óʱűͨ绰һߴһ˵

صеĲԤиӵǿˡ
㸸ôˣ
绰һ߳Ĭһ£ȻŴһ˿˵˵ԽԽˡ
ھ͹ȥүӡ
ãǾ鷳ˣʲôλãɳȥ
æĽԼλñ˶Է˫͹˵绰
ʮ֮һı۳ͣǰ
ӳļʻλһˣһۣϾȷԼҪӵˡ
æǰʵɣҷ֮ǰ
˿һ£˳
ܿľصıǰ
ѾŶǵȺʱˡ
ոһͣȣϽľǰȥ˳ԣԸ򿪳š
һ³Ͼ֣ץ֣ͣҡڡ
ǰˡ
˵ЩˣϽȥүӰɡ
˵ͷȻͽ˿
ֻ֮һĵķֻ
һ˿񣬲ܿ˹ȥЦ˵СˣϿи񡣡
ǸĻ۾һϽվǰ֮󣬹һ
Ҳ֪ˣûӭԭ¡
Ŀˡ
Ҫ֪һμʱ˻ʮֵ󣬼Ƕĸıһ仰Ҳû˵Ŷ೤ûѽѾܹԼˡ
ûʲôʱ㻹ðɣ
ĸʱҹû
һֱʱ˵һ䣬ȻòһСڳ˸ӵܣﶼӦøˡ
仰عݺݵĵһۡ
񿴵۾ƣǱվһԣǲм
ǰҲͨվ޴룬Ҳ֪ôӦ
̾˿ЩŵĶԹɲ׼ܣתͷ˵ȥүӰɡ
̾˿ǰߴ·ܿľ˶һǰ
ԱߵһŴţһƲѾ˸죬ȫǳҽԺҽҵӡ
߻мԾҽԱŮæµš
ԱߵŴ򿪣Ȼ˷䡣
һȫҽԺӣмһŲڲҲ֪ʲôõ豸﹤ţЩ豸εεΡ
һҽŵĹ۲Ÿ豸
ߵҽԱߣʵôˣ
ҽ̧ͷվԼԱߵȻ̾һ˵Ѿ˻ԣҵľжϣҲǼʱˣҪ׼
оһĲܿľιȥĵͷ
֮к˲ǰ
ҸѾˣûа취㽻ˡ
üͷŲϵأֻڵݵѾǲˣÿһεĺƴȫֵĻϾͻȪ
һ£ԼҪôܶ黹ҪϣҲˣʱӦرѡ
ת˵ҺүӻҪ죬ȥи취үʱѹ㿴ҪҪ


454 ף
֮ѯʣҲΪһѣؾͻŲʹĥ˵һЩпᡣ
һİˣĻͻȻɫһ䡣
ʱ򣬷ͻȻı򿪣һˡ
ҲԼôԺߣ
תͷһֻһĸŮŮѾͣȻ̴棬еһľ㿴ˣЩľ
ŮӲˣص
վɫЩ
ʲôһֲ
мؿһۣȻ˵ϴںôҲĶ衣
Ǻǣ˭ˣҸн֤𣿡
ɫҲòÿߵصĴǰڲ֮Եء
֤ܿУղŲ˵㸸һʱ𣿵ȵˣʲôȱ
վԱߵͷһۣȻ˵˵ڸײͦõһֻ֢ܵĥʹ࣬ǻһֱֵ𣿡
̷㸸׾ܸһӣͿߣǶĲ𾴡ҪТ㸸ףװס
վԱ߿ִʵЩȥˣ˶׽ˣǵȴΪԼ棬û˹˼顣
̾˿ǰһץסݵľ֦һֱۣ֮һȵķ˳ȥ֮˳صֱϵľ磬Ļʼߡ
һǻ˯еƤ˼֮۾
ʱԱ߻ˣס죬һ˵صĴߣùĵ
رεǳ鶯Ҫ˵ʲô󶼱죬̾һ
۾֮ŬתתͷȶվԼԵ¶һǿ΢Ц
֮תͷ˿ŶԼĶ΢΢գգ۾Ǵкˡ
ֲͣһߵصŷ壬һſصĶʵүӣʱ䲻ˡûа취һֱѣз㿴ҪҪʩ
۾¶һ˿ԥҧҧ˵ͷ˵Ǿ鷳ˡ
̾ĿϹϵˣʲô鷳鷳ģ
˵仰֮ͷſһֱץص֡
û㷨֧Ԯ֮µ˻ԡ
̧ͷһԵԸ
֮ⷿи׼һ̳ȻΪ׼ϹƷԼֽľ
֮ԥվ֪òжԱߵȴһ̵ľվȥԸ
ûж೤ԸͶˡ
һֱվԱߵǸҽڲ֮׼㰸ЩЦԷǡ
Ȼ֪ղôѹģţ಻һףܹǿͬڲ֮а㰸ʲô
㿴˿վԱߵǸҽȻһԵʹһɫ
Ͼʲô˼ǸҽԱߣ˵ǼЩҪ㲻Աߣ뵽ԱߵķϢһ£һ֪ͨ㡣
ҡҡͷȻѵǳĲãǸЩ⽨ŲʲôõģֻĲ顣
Ա߼εſڣ̾˿û˵Ļ
ҡҡͷ˵㲻صģҽҲǳľͨǰҼͼǰ
ԼѲûãҲͱտڲˣĴ£ȥԱߵķϢ
һµĻ˵ûˣˡ
ʵ˵ͷߵǸĺߣ֮̾˷ʣһŷֽˢˢ㻭һŷ䣬֮ȡ֮Ӣɡ·׭֮Գ¡ȴ
һ꣬ǻɵķ̾Ϳʼȼȼչɵ̣֮
վһԵѾĿɿڴ
ڷһģһľ죬䣺һΧضΧΧѪΧΧңΧܣΧ䣬𡣡
һ꣬̾ٴץ˷ʣʼڷ֮ϻһ
ΧĲصߡ
ͻȻ֮䣬ڶϷͣµĽŲ֮дʡ
Բط¡֣򲡳ꡣ
͵ĽеķһģǷֽ̾Ͷ˰֮С
ŷֽڰ֮УһĲⲡ֮صɨ
ʱ֮еһ֮ЩɨȻʧ
վһԵ˶оһˬ֮жļѾʧ
ʱ»ص̳֮һд䡣
֮ͨuӣճʥȣףɣƼѹԲ㣬ߵл
һеķ䣬Ƿ俪ʼȼ֮󣬺ܿͻ˻ҽ֮һĽҽ֮Ʈ֮󣬺ܿľʧ֮С
ôվڷ̳֮ǰ۾ĬĬĸӦţһͻȻоһٵ֮У˴ʱ֪ķѾ˴롣
㲻ҵһؼУ׳֣ԪУԳΡвУҩڻũеѭ࣬ƽ飬г޸вӦɽǣָħΡԯ۵Уͨ顣̫Ԫʼȱ
֮оһĲ㼱æŲһץ
ǲ̾ͻһ޵ϢС
㲻ҵץϢ˲ǰ֮͵򲡴ϵһ
رѾ˻ԣĶھȻһ۾оԼˬܵ޾ĥİ֢ںһоޱȵɡ
صķɫҲʼۿɼٶȱú
վһԵĶˡ
λүӲȥĻҪʲôһ԰ôĸӿɾûкˡ
ڿɺˣүӲѹҿҲָĺܺãܵĻϣܹٻһʱ䣬ʱƾĹ򣬻үӰѼĲƲָһ롣
ڵɹ˲Աʲôүѹֻǵ˵ͷٴ˻ص֮ǰ
һεĿӭȣӭʥݡף£׹񷡣㣬ߵл󣬻ߵ롣
һµǵʶʼɢܿڲ֮Уǹʥĸоʧˡ


455 
㳤һһһģ֮еȫʧ
ˣǽ
֮ߵ˴ǰϵؿһ
ڵȻôݣɫϢƽȣһ˯һ
ŸǰѰʵôˣ
һǳĳɹѾϰĲʱѹȥ
һߵʵΪʲôûѹ
ϰ̫ľڸոջָһЩҪο»һСʱ
һԵĬĬĵ˵ͷȻ˵ȻôȵϢһ
˵ͷҲûԼʲô¶ˡ
ҲãȳȥϢһ֪ͨǡվصĴ˵
üͷһۣŴ뿪˷䡣
Ǹո뿪ղųȥҽͻʿһӵ롣
Щ̿ʼڵ
رǸҽڸղϹھͷǳĲʲô۶ӣصĲ鼱ٶ񻯡
ǵȵǰ֮ȴɫ󣬸ָ궼ǳá
֪ڴϵǲˣΪһء
ҽüԱվŵЩˡ
ҽǼûʲôɣ
ҽŷӦϴЦݣûʲô⣬ȸղŲȶһЩӦܹٶּ֧졣
һ
˵ڵĿ֮УշǳΡ
ҪԭǣһЩүӵ飬Ǹ˽ȴһֱԱ߲뿪ҲŲ˿ڡ
Ų˿ڣվһԵȴûô˼ɡ
үүôˣ
ʱȶˣҵķҲֻǼּ죬ʲôϿ졣
һԵ̾˿۾˫Լ̫Ѩ˵Ҳ⣬Ҳˡ
Զŵʱ߹˹ϴŽǣſڣʳһ仰
Ҹѵûо𣿡
仰̾˿Ȼ˵ϰѾ˵ƾͿݵĵزֻ÷ǿеļϰһǱҲֲ˶೤ʱ䣬Ǳͻľǻĺá
˵ʱ㻹һۣΪʸ̳Ųģǰˡ
仰ÿ֮˳
۾ʼתŽԼĶ
ʱúܿ죬תۼһСʱȥˡ
ڿ֮еˣԼµʱͻȻһСʿ¥
ϰˣҪ
仰̵ľʹɳվ˼Ͼʶʲôת˵λʩҲһȥϰɡ
ȻͲøһȥĵͷǼ˴Ҵҵ¥ϵĲ⡣
λҽڼص߶ˣʹܵǰץ֣ʵλʲôϰѵģ
ϴ΢Цȴɫĳ˶Էץŵ֣Ȼ˵ЩС
Ͳ˵ˡ
ǸѯʣվһԵȴЩͷˡ
Ҹôˣ
λҽһۣڶԶҽ߸ĸģǿ˵ڲѾԵȶҽ̰͵ҽԺȫļ飬пܵĻٽһλƣҲܹΪȡµʱ䡣
⻰ûлش𣬶ȴһϲ˵ǻʲôϿ׼ѽ
ߡһڻ˵ʱǽȥףȻ˵ġ
˵֮󣬺ݺݵĵһۣȻתͷ˵ǽȥҼүӰɡ
˵ͷ˦ԱߵҽŽ˷䣬ҲϽ
ǽ˷֮󣬷ڲ֮ϣϴɵЦݺǶ˵Цء
һתͷ¶΢Ц֮õͳ˵һζˡ
߼ǰص֮ϣʱе˿Ķһ˳
һɿصţЦŶ˵㲻
ǿˡ
ʱվһԵЩ̲סˡ
ףӦøϿˡ
һ仰ƻеգϵҲɫࡣ
Ȼ֪仰˵ĸױضҲ˲ˡ
Ϊղŵ˵ĸֻǿŷǱǿ֧ţȵɢ֮󣬿¾ͻٴԡ
Ҫڻˣȵٴɥʧ־ʱǲ鷳
ϵسĬһ˵Ǹð˽ˣȻĻҲᰲġ
˵ʱζĿһۡ
վʱȦѾЩˣݺݵص
ôҲ벻ڸ׸ոѹȻɥ
ϿǰȥסӣֱŽ
ϵذһж÷ǳ˵ͷ
˵Ѿˣ֮Ȼʦ
仰̾ͱ粻
Ҳ׼ӻ˻˵ǶȥɣЩҪ˵
صĻоʥּȻû˸Υܿ췿֮оʣغˡ
Ҵɡ
˵ͷǰ˼صĴߡ
үӣʲô¾ܽɡ
ȴû˵Ĭ˺þã˵Ը飬ҶѾˡ
˵ͷ˵ʩҪˣҵķ֧ţ廹ܹ֧ʮ£Ҫʩ̾ͻ
üͷ˼£ܿľͼᶨ
ʣµļҲܾĥŻʲô˼Ͽ춯ְɡ
㿴ѶҲͲٶʲôˣֱ˵ȻôҪ׼ˡ
Ը
˰͵׼õ֮Уƶźʩ
ð죬Ҫ׼ʲô
һת֮ǰͣаսϵǰݡ
ص˵ͷðɣȥš
ðɣھȥеţȵźˣǾͿԳˡ
˵֮뿪˲⣬˵ǽȥɣлҪ
ֵ֮࿴һۣϽĽȥˡ
ʱȴվڷԱߣ˵ҼʲôǣʱҲýһ˰ɡ
Ʋһ˵үȻ˵ģҾͲѿˡ
˵֮¥ȥˡ


456 
뿪㣬εҡҡͷ
ѾһʱˣҪ˵Լ˶Ѿָơ
Ȼ˵ǾǿɣǣүѹƵʱ̫ˣѾЩηηβ
Ҫ˵ˣȫľһӵܡ벻ǣؾȻȢһƽӣȻٳƯȫûо̵ĲܡԶҲв
ɵķʱһֱӰĲܻ㡣
а취ҲǲܻˣҲճϼһأԼεճһ
λӣԴүӲ֮󣬾Ҳûг֮ͥУ˼һ
ҲεǰĴظ˻ȥ
ЩѾûʲôˣԼǸϿ쵽صĴͷȥּãϣܹԼĶӶȡһЩ档
뵽̵֮һԼ·Ȼ¶һЦݣŽ˷䡣
ȵ˷֮ȴַ֮еշǳѹ֣⸸̸Ĳá
ڲϣ˷䣬¶һ˿ãȻ˵ʲôȥ
һԴ»صصشû˵
˵䣬ϣܹ֮УҲʼˣֻһ˳䣬Ȼš
ȵ뿪֮¿ǰ˵ûУ˭ȥף
ԭܹףҲԼѪˣɲġ
˺ܳʱ䣬ˣףҪȻȥףɡ
οĿһۣʱ䣬ȻǸӽӴʱ̣ܶҲԸ񿴵һ
Ȼ˵ЩӣԸЩųҪ˵ʵʵˣҶԼҲĽ֮顣
⵹˵ûТʱǰͣæ
˵ʵҪʱ価ά֣Ҳôʱ䡣
˵˵ˣȻҲТģжģΪԼĲƲȴЩò׼
ܹ˵ȥףһ
һҲǷȻ˽⸸ףΪʲôҪֵһǰȥףȥף¾ͺ͹˾һûʲôϵˣȫǷ䡣
ܹе飬Ҳ
лţһʱүӲˣȥףʱԼͬĸСֵһЩա
ãȻëԼô¾Ͷˡ
˵֮󣬲ΡΡԼͷֻȻһ롣
ûмӣ绰㱻ͨˡ
³ʲôԸ
ҵյڶݷһݷյ
õġ
˵֮󣬱˵绰ǰ˵Ȼȥףˣô˾Ժ󣬾ˡ
仰۾ѾѾ仰ԵˣҪѹ˾Լ
سĬһ£Ȼ˵ȻǿɣԸЩȱݣµʱϣԽ˾Ҫѯ
ԼԸȱǷǳ˽⣬صĻ֮󲻵գȻĵ˵ͷ
ڽ깫˾֮תͷ˵ǸúӣȻԸųǶҵһƬТģҸоˡģײġ
ô˵Ȧ̾ͺˡ
ףûõʲôֻڸԶһʱ䡣
οĵ˵ͷãֵ֮Ҫķ֡
һţЩĪ
ȥԼողص˼ȻҪ̳й˾ˡʱȥɽƧȥһСףԼʲôֵġ
ذı鿴һҲ˸˾Ųʮ
ǺǣСѽָƫľˡ˵仰ʱЩ˸
ֲˣ⸸׺«ﵽʲôҩ
Ҳ̵ͣٴβͨһ绰
Ǳ߰ŵôˣ
ףҶźˡ
سһȻŷԸڻЩǮʮǷһЩҲ׼ĲˣϾͻȥ
绰һ߳һ£Ȼ˵ףǳãԶУʲô·ԸҰˡ
ԭ绰һߵĲˣӲܻ㡣
㲻Ҫ˵ˣȻҵĵ㰴ҷԸȥС
ðɣҪע壬ʵڲеĻҪ֡
š
˵һ˵绰ȫˣе鶼ŵĲˣ͵ˡ
˵ʵȻһаŵ׵лǷǳ
ϾӹҲû˭˵ԼͷһݶˣҲ֪ܲܳɡ
سĬһ£Ȼ˵ɡ
صķԸ̳ȥ㣬һһǰһĽ˷䡣
һˣ֣еԼĴߡ
ѾˣʲôʱԽȥ
һ£Ȼ˵ʱѾˣɣһɳȥңȥϵǸӦǵʲô¡
˵仰ǿЦһ£˵үӣϧʱɣͼ˶˵仰
΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻͷԸͻȥ
ڻȥ·ϣ˼£ǿˡ
Ҹ׵ǴʲôգѾʱ򣬻ʲôܸ˵ģ
һ룬Ȼ˵Ҫ˵Ҳʲôܣ˵һ˵ҲûʲôϾϵ£Ż㸸Ժ˵Ϊá
˵仰֮տڲԣײʲôҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
ҵıǰ԰˳˼ţŴ
û̷óֻͨӵĵ绰
㣬Ǳôˣ
һж˳
֪֪һص׺«ʲôҩ
绰һߵĲܻͣһ£Ȼ˵㲻ҪˣҲʲô¡
˵仰ͿһȻ˵绰
һˣһԣ֪ʲô绰ﲻ˵
ԱӦʲôһֱš
뵽ʱüͷĸˣһүӵҪʲô飬Ȼıܣϱš
֪һߵ绰һڼеؾͽӵϢ
Ȼ˵ڲܻһһүӵļ֮С
λΪԼܹ棬ѾѾĻ뵽һпֵܳ⣬Ѿźˡ
Դһֻ֪̾˿ʻȥ


457 ׼
ڶ죬ո𴲣׼游ȥѷ͵ѧУոһţͿԼұǰͣż
ڳԱվŵ
û뵽ô磬̾˿һԵķ˵컹үүѧ
ƲƲ죬Ȼν˵ⲻ𣿡
˵֮󣬷ԹԵĻȥүүȥˡ
㿴ŮıӰﶼΣԼֻˣŮĹȷʵһЩ
ʱѾߵԡ
ҸѾֱɻˣǲҲԳˡ
ûĿһۣ˵ȵһȣҽȥк
˵֮Ͱ˼ſڣԼȥΰ˴кȥˡ
һ´ӱ˵߰ɣϿꡣ
˸Ͻǰ߸·мԣԴ򿪳ţ뵽ϡ
ʼ֮󣬼뿪С
ϣһ߿Եķ羰һʵǼҵ˭̳үӵŲѽ
ŶҸѾˣ̳й˾һС
˵ʱʲôᣬǸϽĲ飬ҸҲźˣȥСȥף
ͣһ£Ȼ˵ȻҺദʱ䲻ϾҵܵܣҲίģԺСпҸ𡣡
˵ʱǳĳһʱȷʵʮܣòܹе˳
֮ҲĬĬĵ˵ͷ
¿ռ˱ˣʱƣĽȴ˵
ΪԼɹʱسΪܹⷽʥoĻʱǸףҲˮǴߡ
ǸʱӰ²һT׸ܹġ
ӷɿڹʻţŹСʱTԶһƫƧСɽ塣
ûн壬Ϳڴͣŵֱɻ
Ѿ˺ܳʱˡ
˳Сׯǹĵ·˴ׯмһСǰ
Ѿɽ˺ˣȫĴ񶼼е֣ΪЩ˻ûмֱɻĴ
ڳпüһԵ˵̫̫࣬ҡˣ취ô뿪
֮۾˸һ£óֻ㣬ſڵĴ̫ˣ취֧ߡ
ˣġ
µ绰һͽӵһɧԭ֧ǰһεĴϰ׼еÿ˷һݸôǵ֧ǰȥǼǡ
ˣܿЩǱߵһɶ
ڳĵͷһҵİ»Ǹɾ䡣
ųӼǰʻܿľǰȵոһͣ´߾߳
ǰӴྶֻͥȦڣЩήң˯òá
Ҳ֮飬ϾŶӻҪ̳صĴŲģȻֿտգӾȻŵƧȥףе뷨ʵ̫Զˡ
ǼǿȻǿջЦվڳǰӭ㡣
µóĵ˵ͷȻ̤С
СռزֻһĶӣǣ޽ȴǳĻ
ҪнǵȫͲӣһЩκoûġ
̾˿ػûȫԼ˼ʵ̫ˣ»˼ʡ
㷭һ룬ȫǵһصĿ飬ܹ޳o֮Ǳȥ鷳ĻҲܶȹһĽѡ
ʱΪţ¾ͻ˽٣ڽ֮£ܿͻɻ
һ֮ҲЩţһصĽѿ²ǶССģҲǣԼ
ϾλûгֹoˣһؾԼȻð֮踣o³Ƭ֮ϣܹעǲ˹ˡ
Ҳȫǻ£עȻԼЩĳɹˣҲԼӴˡ
ֻĩԽԣسɾoҲֶ֪ܹ೤ʱ䡣
㳤ǳһȻᶨǰȥ
ʱӶ᷿߳˲ܻ㡣
ܻһţͿ˴С˽æǰԱߣ˵үӸոյڷϢȥɡ
˵ͷ˶᷿
ֻ᷿ѾųҵӣڽŴĴŰһŴھ
Ȼڹᾣǿ񻹲ЦźǶ˵ء
֮̾תͷЦ˵ˣ죬쵽Ա
æ߼صĴǰ
ؿ˿жԼˣ΢΢һЦȻ˵鵽ڣҲûʲôˣǽһ½Ҫ飬ʡһ˲
ͲܻԼˣүʱأǲ²Ҫ죬Ҫ֪ˣһ۾㡣
ҡҡͷЦŶ˵үǸҳ鵽һˣҲ˵һ˵ˡ
Ͱǰеļ˶˵һ顣
֮һǾĿɿڴʵѾ˸ֵĲ²⣬ȴȫû뵽үһؾȻôֱӾ
ûʶǰЩȫͻүڵ״̬Ƿӡ
ΪִѧôȻ˵Ǿʲô
ڼʶ֮ͨѾ˲һ뷨
۷Ź⣬ת˼Ȧ
һθܹɹˣôǲǿôΪͨѾɵĲoǸʱƾĹϵѵͲܺ͸һΪһo
뵽ʱվűֱģѾʼ΢΢һЩ
Ϊ˽ӵҲǾ𣬱ΪԼֻС֮Уˡ
û뵽үӻôһУĳˣôΪСףͬʱҲΪүӵĶõ棬ȼ̳еĹ˾١
еһжϸһе̬ѾͿ͸͸ˡ
̾˿˵Ȼһ֣лһЩյģˣǷĳɹĸҲʹͷǻ˵仰ɡ
˵֮뿪˶᷿Ժѿռظӡ
Ժе˴ŰСʱܻǴгһ߲ᣬһǿЦŶ˵үȥ
ͷž͸Ųܻ½˷䡣
ʱ㷢Щԣе˶ЩˣҲǣǷܳˣүӺǵϵҪϾˣȥҲûʲô


458 
ؿǿЦһ£Ȼ˵Խзˡ
˵ͷȻ̷Ը
׼һܣү̧ȥ
ķԸж׼Ļȫܿľʹ̧һܣ֮һְүӷŵ֮ϡ
Ȼǰߣ̧ؽںļΧڵԣһͬ˶᷿ǰ
Ȼ˵ʵ󣬲ΪԼԺ֮Ҳ˺ġ
Ȼ󣬵޽ĻΰߵĹȴѾЩˡ
Щºûʲôϵֻɨһ۱̧ͷٴιƣֻһ
һüĿүӣϸĻͻ֣ᷢڵŵм
ڵԻͯͯŮź
ڵ±߻һϱǸʩķѾˣǰ׼ġ
үӷ¡
̰ķԸ̧ǰĽĽ¡
֮̾˵
תͷصЩ˵ǻʲô̽һĻ¾ûлˡ
˻࿴˿һҡͷ
ҲĬĬĵ˵ͷתͷм˵үҪûʲô£Ҿ׼ˡ
µĻشܷʩΪ
ǰһǰʼ
Ҫ˵o˵ҲͷһˣͲ߷һСΪħͯӡ
һοڵ֮Уʦһԡ
ʩǿֱʦǰ߷ǵ۵Ļ˿˵ʮֵףʲôӡ
һȴһǰȫһ̥ûκεԡ
һصĿľ̥ӵԣҿԿٳһƬڤԱسΪ֮󣬿ﳣפ
ΪһʩĳͱȽϷˡ
ֻڹǰùëʣ֮ڻƱֽϻһŷ䡣
˹ϵľһ壬Ͳľϡ
Ȼľ̤Χ⹩תлдʡ
һɳ磬¯׷סšα롣̱ʮ콵õرӵ١ʮ޷ңʮʦ̳ţ׻˴ս٣ҽ룬Ը̳֤
֮ſڶľϵķһ
ŷֽһ̾Ϳʼȼֻգ۵Ĺͻ˻ҽ
žһֻܿĽ⣬ǻҽ֮ڶ𣬽žֱʧ
㻹ҵǹɽʧ֮㿪ʼ䡣
һķ룬ˮ飬ǶӺȺ棬ʮޣʮ񣬷粮ʦĲ׹磬٣¶ƣɳʯշˣӦԪջǧۣ˳֮ϣʮ죬콫ףĲչҽ룬Ը̳֤
һ֧ոյ꣬ߵվͷת䣬ֻƵ֮УѾܲ
֮Уڲͣ֡
ڴ֮УԸо˵һ˾ҵı仯ıԵεĹȻʼˡ
ĵطͣһŽ⣬ʩѾһ𽵵λ档
ںôҲһˣҲЩеһԱȻĵλͼģͺ칬еλһܿľ͸ӦЩoλãȻ
ٷ㣬룬Ƹʮ棬Ԫ̣˴Ͼ˴ɣ϶ɣжɣ¶ɣԪ棬ͨأ˼εأƲˮλľˮͨأݽľɽʯˮ𣬶ɣҽ룬Ը̳֤
꣬ڵλΧֽһĽ⡣
ЩһǲͬεĲһ֣𵴵ĵҲʼŤ
Щ֮УΪۣ̫һ֮С
ڴ֮УһӦ͸ӦŽıʣ͵еȫͬ
֪ʦѾԽ١
㲻ҵΧصһ֣˼ǹ¡
ǰѾ˰ţЩһİʾҲҵĹڵء
ʱ̤ʼһ
㣬룬춫أɽǰʦʦԡѫݷа˵Źţڷǧʦʦʦɽǰλʦҽ룬Ը̳֤
һֻ꣬λ濪ʼҵ𶯣ţ޾oͿʼһ飬ɵСС
һͿԽһˣһ룬һ󵨵뷨
ȻѾôԼǲҲЩoǰ¶
뵽ֻһ־̾ϵλ澻еĹ
ǹ֮ϣĿʹ
־һ̾˷ۣ΢΢һЦ
Ź֮˫ֺʮ޾λһȻ˵ްӷ𣬵ӿҪһˡ
Ļոյһ˵꣬һɽɫķλ֮УȻ뵽˹ı֮С
֪ʲôһЦȻһоͳһڵͨ
Źһµ̾ƮȻ֮ͨС
ֻգ۵Ĺ򣬹ͳ˵λΧ
ոյ͸оһѹԣͣɨŵ޷Ŀ
ʱı֮УͻȻ˵Ľ⣬ЩǻһʼΧŹȼ
Щɨĸѹ֮ϾʧΡ
ˣ˫ֺʮǰܿľЩ޾֮֮ǰ
ԭڵλ޾oǸԽһǰ㡣
ȻЩǷǺǵҲûʲôҲҵ˫ֺʮ˵ƶɮ񣬻ʦɡ
⻰ոյһ˵꣬oм̾һɫͨŹܵһ˳ɫͨм̫
Ҳڷм̫ڹУ̫мĴ
ˣǵ̵Ŀʦʥ


459 
λûдλͻȻܷ֮תλȴ뵽Щo֮УλѾͬҪ
ʱе㣬֪Ѿ٣ھԼʩչͨoʱˡ
ֻ߼صǰȻͨصһץ
̾һĻǱץС
ʱڵϵѾûϢ
ѾɻǵأֻоԼϵͻȻ֮ʧˡ
ҲоԼھǳվڴ֮ϣûκεı֮һεѹӿҪ촷ۡ
Ԥ˷̳ǰֱӾͽϵĻǷһСƿ֮УȻдһŷ䣬ڵĴƿڡ
ƿеǷ䱻ϵһ˲䣬͸оܵѹȻļᣬǱѾʼҡƽ
㳤һŸýһǾǲoˡ
Ҫ˵oڹŴҲѾãĻʵ۶صo
˵ĿʵԪ谾Ͳݵĳ
λݳүӺ䱻Ӻʵһ㶫ʡĳ
ӣԪڿ֮Ĺδ̫ƽѾսԲһԼĲµΪ
յ̵Ĺ˵ЩǵoҪĵԼµˡ
ûԪӺˣ˻ʵݣ޷ˣҪoȫǱͨ
ֻˢˢ㣬һŻֽϾдһŲ顣
ǣǰƾ٣Ϊأдһݣ£ʦͬ⣬ͨӳߵл
ͰԱߵˡ
̺־ȴûͷնʧڤڤѾУλ֮ʦǰ
λʦֻɨһ£ʵ飬е˼΢΢һЦұߵһλʦָһ㡣
Ǳʵ飬һӾʵһ̺
Ȿܵʲôָ͵Ŀʼάܿǰ
Ŀ˷̳ǰȴʦĻӦͻȻֻǰһЩۡ
ڹıߵصЩˣȴʲôûпֻװģصһ۾Ȼץסʲô
Щ˶ͨǿװģӣ¾ҪЦˡ
ʱѾ翵ķگС
ʱŷѾԭȴྶͥ
ǰд֮ģѾȫʧϱȫ˸ɵ·
ЩǶ룬γһĹ
ǰһΣһֻǲһԼеĻͯӣûô鷳
һʦȻֱ˷گʦҲִֵoǹ
ЦҡҡͷػЩ˵ģƾŷگѹƣͻǳС
ԺֻҪԸ⣬ҪʩչʲôֻҪǽ⿪ŷگϵĽɣؾܹ
ҪŷگϣֻҪӡǣôӽ֮󣬿ؾеһҲ޷ÿˡ
һЦȻҧԼָڷگ֮ϻһķš
ѪɵķţܿľͺǷگ֮ķ俪ʼһƬȻʼʧЩگ֮УҲֲˡ
ڣһһǹˡ
ٴǰƿȻȥķ䣬ڴƿһģڴƿжŵص㱻˳
ûı¶ڿ֮еص꣬̾͸о֮һɾ޴ʼĥ־
ٶȣһӵʱ䣬ͻ
ڵػ֪߷ʲôΪʩչʲôֶΣҪԼƵġ
Ҫ֪ǰʱԼҲʿѵʿڿʼ
ɹʱٴǰһ㣬еŷگ͵ľصȥˡ
ŷگͺһīˮ뵽ˮ֮Уܿľʧ뵽ص֮С
ڵأҲоԼ巢һı仯
ǸоԼʼ͵ֿͣʼѹȻγһ㣬㿪ʼɢһĲ
ЩͣչܿľͰߵСׯȫ֡
ȴоⱻֵķΧ֮ڣƶԿƵÿһص¡
ͬʱо֮Уһ޵Ŀռ򿪵Ĵš
ռظоǳУһҪ뵽е뷨
ϻЩãʱߵȴŶֵġ
ֻ֮лһ䣬Ȼ͵ǰһģһص֮С
һֻص֮תһȦҷ𣬶֮Щһɨ̾ͻΪޡ
ص忴ȸղŸӵѾ翣ǴһҪɢƵġ
֮ڣȴһĽ⣬뵽֮УܿصһγʵѾһɫӰ
ڵȫѾͨ꣬һֻo塣
̶ֹҪڱoڽУȫת塣
ִ֪ҪһoתǿҪ֪ٵ£ֱӾͰһæؿѵһء
ΪһoأղŵĶ̺壬ҲڤڤжصĸӦ֪
ֻ֮жľһ
ֻ΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻ˵ѳɣڤ򣬸ʱ
⻰ǵأҲʼȻ㲻Ͷ뵽һƬڵ֮С
ظոһƬռ䣬ɢĹâıߵչȻγһĶС֮һƬ
ڤ֮һ֮أҪԼլԼܹһȫĵط
ɲܹӵеͨҪĻȻԼլ
Ƭ֮УڲûΣƵģԻһʱ䡣
е㣬Ҳʼвoβֻվڹǰ
񣬽ؿ·У鱾УʥͥзΪ󣬼ٽ٣Ԫʦаħ˲Ρ
еЩoָܵʼûصǸĿռ֮С
һյļз֮Уֻʣʦ͹


460 
ΪηµˣҲоеı仯æϥڵأһԼ֮һ˹ϡ
ԭЩľګĹһӿʼֻ΢΢һЦȻλǰ
ֻ˫ֺʮ
λ𡣡
мλֻɨһۣ𻰡
ֵλ뷢԰׵ˣȴڤڤ㴫ݹһ־
־֮Уλ˸ҪϽжشѾҪ١
ΪľͶֻһĸӦλ˸һ棬Ϳʼ
͸оλ֮Уһɹɲ֮ʼռ͸
ѾǳĵϵЩھȻһĿʼʧٶȣʱ䣬µλҲЩҲʧ˼䡣
һüܿϾ¶һ˿ϲɫ
Ѷ˵ǲɿ֣ܵ˵ȴһɻ
ȻʧλҲ޷ˡǶڵ˵ԽλֻǵУڵλвеҪġ
ңľλ沼֣Ĺķ˵ѾλͽÿṩӴ֮
Ǹʱ򣬿λ棬ֻһܹչˡ
㻹ܹλoǸʱ򣬼еoƿ֮С
Щ㳶oȻƿ֮УڤڤҲܵλ˵һһ˫صĹơ
ȻˣܿѹȻ˵λ滹ܹṩ֮ôΪʲôôż뿪أ
Ⲣûеõ𰸣λʦܿľͿʼʧ֮УûһĹڰֻ֮ʣ¹һo
ΪڿŹķ֮Уʼ˼ŸղԼ⡣
ķǸɵɵбʵ˼޾δҲչǰ
һʵδ֧У˳Լ־ʼһܿһ𰸾Ծ뵽Ժ֮С
ȻͨͨԺӣȴҪܵһһжС
ɡȻҲܵǱԻ棬ԼıԣʩչԼͨҲܹڵĸ档
ô˵ҪҪңڡ
ԪʼԣУ߳ɵԴ߳Ҳ˵ĵλҪɡ
ҲʥΪʲôҪ뿪򣿴һƬңڵصԭˡ
ܹһɣ˭ԸΪĿܡ
һҲãôӽ֮ĵеĳͶԼˣƾЩ޾֮㼸Կ϶ķһǰ;
ȻôܵλΪһֻҪǲԼƿأôҲڵĸԤ
һ˹壬Ȼ͵һ׹ͻصԼ֮ڡ
ķҲ΢Цǰһʧռ䣬䵽һλ档
λ֮Уλʥ
λʥųʥʦҲûʲô
Ǿռеֱ̫ҫһƬʹžĿռôһĻԾ
˫ֺʮǰλʥһ񣬱ĬĬվһԵǵķԸ
ϱߵλʥڼҵʲôŹͣһЩײ
˲֪೤ʱ䣬ŹƽŹĺĴֳλʥ
֪㲻عڵĵģ˳УǴ֣бһ߲ʰ쵵֦ʥ˵
æ˵ͷʲô
ֵλŲ۵ʥҲ˵˴ãҵдٹ޵ĺá
λո˵仰ͻȻ֮տʼһɹɹоֲϢʼƬռ͸
мλֻüһŹâЩâܿľͽռȫĳʵ
ǿʼ͸ĿֲϢܿľͱڿռ֮⣬Ҳ޷롣
ǿֲϢûоʹ˷ǿʼͣΧռתÿһתһȦռھͿʼһȦ
λ࿴˿в۵̾˿˵ԽԽǿˣٶȣҵȺܿľͻᱻȫƣʱΪ𣬲Ҳһľż
ʦ˵ǣҵȻҪλϿ£Ļʱ¾ˡ
±ߵĹλ˵飬ҲһЩ˽⣬ʵҵѾһЩѾⷽ͸ܿҲͻᱻⷽͬôǵǷʲôأ
Сʵõࡣ
߲ʰ֦˵һģһһֻᷢͬ
ȵͬһɣⷽȻ˵ǻռǷҲ򣬵ǸʱЩʥͿǨƵǸ磬µĳɷ棬һǼȲӦǷֿԽǷĹ򣬶ⷽ
ǻȻԭʥΪ˶ǿԲ֣Ҫһ硣
һʥܹһͷ
ϾҪɾɣҲҪץʱ;ΪǷһӣĻȵɳɾͣҲ޷ˡ
λΪΣ
λдˣֻҪһΪɣôϵͻӵĽܣʱʥͿ뵽Ƿ֮УǸʱ¾ͻλУҲ޷ˡ
˵ʱλ۵ʥҲ̾һǱϾδ֮ûƿȨȫǿλıֵܹһ
һܹ٣ͽͽǨƵ磬ҲѾˡ
ҲʲôܿľͿʼʩչͨ޾ĽʼԺۣ֮γһϡ
ϱߵλ𣬼˵ʶȤҲǵ˵ͷ
λǲ¹֪һıҪǺλ̵ƾøӦῴǵϢ
ΪΪӵ˽ǱֻҪλԸ⣬̾Ϳͨһ˵˼룬ͨ˵˼ֱĻ
ΪλͽͽλûзֻҪλԸ⣬̾ͿͨƹǸʱڶᱩ¶λǰ


461 
˵ڵ㱾Ѿص֮С
ȵٴѣ̧ͷм乩ŵλүҲǰͬˡ
ԭȵүֻһ̥ľ񣬸ûκεԣү֮ðŵĽ⣬һүͷ֮
ޣϵһ硣
ĵ˵ͷεǳɹˣӴ֮ϾͿ԰ĵСׯмүұԡ
ʱ򣬹ܵصЩѾЩͷˡ
رΪ˵ղžѾ֣ڼ̳ϵүүѾûϢȥһģǱ׽סһǣǿ̵ڡ
ڼѾ۾վȲʵүүЩͷܹȥ𣿡
תͷһۣȻĵ˵ͷ
ʩѾ󹦸ɣǣȥˡ
ҶǳˣϾ仰˼
̾˴ӵϴֱ̳ǰ
̳ǰ֣ڸ׵ıǼһ£ֹȻ˵Ѿû
ʱüͷɫضʵһηʦ𣿡
һسɹĻˣɣôʰʿ
ɫûпһ΢΢һЦȻ˵ҲѾɾ塣
ǿĲǽĽ飬Ȼô˵Ҳȫ㡣
һԵĲܻ˵ҪôүӣԱߵķϢһ¡
ܻ㲻ӣһĻ֪һﵽҪʲô΢΢һЦǰ
챼һӦñȽˣϢһȥɡ
㻹ЩҪǵģǿЩȲԼ뿪ӦԼЩҪ죬ҲͲˡ
Ųܻ뿪Աߵһ᷿
ܻ㽫㰲͸Ͻ»ص֮С
Ȼʱǵڶվڼ̳ǰѾȥء
ܻϽ߼Ⱥ֮УҲѾȥĹһ
ȵ֮ΪصĴӣȻľͿʼʩˡ
٣ҲҵˣһЩı£һүүǲǸʿ˵һo
ӣȻ˵ЩǲͨЩ飬ЩΪѡ
ڹѾˣҵô˵棬Ҳܹ¶ӣüͷǿӲߵصǰ
ֻһоͳһװֵСӡ
Сӳ֮Աߵһü
ΪǹĳӱضޱȣеӰװ֣ЩɰеǸֲȫͬ
ʱҲûд٣溦ʱʲôӡ
еСӱֵתȦأǹһܵʲôһȫĽԼٵм䲻Ҷ
ٿҲһ
Ҫ֪׳ıϿûʲôΣգʵıơѾͨ
ڸоƣϢȫǿ־塣֪֮Уһ޵ѹѹűơ
ЩľˣͷһˣƣҲһΣǴûз
ײ̳ǰոȥؿһۣѵ˵λѾɾo
٣ôˣ
Ļٴ˼֮лѡ
֣ȻЩŵռ֮зһ޵ѹ
м乩oүһۣһĻϲ
ǸܹoĻôǼ˵ȴĺ¡
Լŵʱܹٻ󣬵ȵյʱʿԼôһo
뵽ͻȻתԴ֮ڵĽ˵Ƕڶ˭Ҫ͸¶һ˿㣬ˡ
˵ʱ۾ðһ׹⡣
ԱߵЩ˱۾һŵúһ
û뵽ǰϺһײеһ档
¶Ǽ˵Ҳһ£Ȼ˵һͷӦ
ĵ˵ͷȻٴתŲܻ˵ү׼Ĺôˣ
ͣںԺʱá
ǻŸʲôɼ˸Ͻĸүʰʰףȥ￴Ǹô졣
ܻǸˣɷķԸϽľͳȥк֣һ͹ˣ׳ؽصʬӼ̧̧̳֮˳ȥ
ֶԼԵ˷Ը䣬뿪ԱѰȥˡ
ǰţȻ˵ܹȥ𣿡
ڷڽŴ˽Ų֮Ȼű򿪡
˳ʩ
˽˷
εض˵ղ֮ЩͻˣҪ֡
ûʲôʩ飬¾˰ɡ
л˵֮վһǰ½ӹȥˡ
ȵٴٴʵǲȫˣҪҸʲô
΢΢һЦ˵Ѿ˰˾ųɣҪġ
һϾʹ˸飬Ȼ󽹼ʵʲô飿ͽ̡
үӸոճΪo껹Щ֪ԼηںεأҪǵİˡ
ܷԸҾҵҲҪøװȻ
òЩǴڿʼÿСʱͱһ˹ߵݣҹֱܹ֮ͣɡ
ﳤһΪʲôأԭǸ
ģǼʱͲ˯ˣÿһҪҸ׳ɾo
ʩ̫ˣÿ黹мҪˡ
üȻ˵˵
һЩ˲ܹظұǽȫˡڶ˱ǳĳ⣬ܹ¡֮ǲܸκεıꡣ
ϾЩ԰쵽
˵һƾڵûʲôġ
ڶ˼ҳܹܵ˼ҵı棬ܹܵ˼ʲô
ҲЩ鷳ĻЩôԼһǮ˼ң˼˭Լæ
ڶܲͨһ£Ļ治ð졣
ҲͨڣڶĻүӻ¾޴ķ


462 ף
һ㶣ȻζĿһۣʵ⻹ʲô˵ͷ
ѾеɻǸһһ
һΪ꣬ͬʱ֮עһ֮ͨͽ
ǲܲˣʲô˵ܽܵĻһĻԹޣôܵľͲõаˡ
һ͸Ǯô͵ǻǮͽͽṩ֮أµȻǹһ޷үӣĳȥ
˵֮ĿԣˣĵʿûʲôϵˣѾԭί˵ˣ첻죬Լûϵ
֮󰵰ĵ˵ͷȻЦ˵ԭô£ˡȥš
˵仰վȥæ͵ſڡ
ҪŵʱͻȻͣ˽Ųתʵ˵ʱ䣬Щ᲻£
һ㶣ȻϾ˼
Ȼ޷֤ÿ˶ĳ⣬ô͸ɴɼˣжĻġ
̶ܹȵı⣬ԡ
ҲиȻǿܹﵽصҪ󣬵֮ܵضӲ룬ʱӰصԡ
˵ˣǷıԣʿûʲôϵֻҪܹ֮ҲԼƿأԴʲôϵ
¶͵Цݣϰ岻̳ϴôģתľǿ죬취Ӧܹʩѣҿֵһԡ
ͬԼİ취ĵͷȻת뿪ˡ
㿴ıӰ¶Цݡ

ļСˣĽֵͣŸֵĳͣ˽гݡ
СׯĴǻ֪ʲôأǾۼ۷׷ס
磬˵ô£ԭǷôڲ¸޽ˣôݡ
֪ӦǳЩǮĸǳԱŵģȻ˼ԸǴ˵ʲô
Աһ׳ʵĸŮʱڣѽû˵ǵжѽôô
ҾͲ֪ˡ
Ǹ׳ʵĸŮ۾Ҳʼ˸
Ȼ˶˵飬ǰݣôԼΪˣǲҲӦðһݣϾûдġ
뵽׳ʿĸŮԼ뷨ǳеǱĵȺ첽ؼȥ׼һЩƷ
Ҫ˵ѽҲһڵԼſڵķôҲʼУʼȥү
ʱڤ֮еأһû򻵣Żӵ֮ע꣬ʼѹ
Щ֮ĸı־
ز֪֮пʼ˼뷢һЩת䣬Ҳ֮͸o顣
o־ᶨܿľͻᱻЩ֮ͬһֻ֪ͽǸְжĿܡ
ڵҲһǰܿͻʧҡ
Խֵʱųһ⡣
⻹Юһֵķگ
گһ֣ЩѾ뵽֮ڵ֮Ͼ鳲һگȥ
ʱ᷿֮е㣬ҲоһɹɵգԼ֮ڡ
ЩǷگͷ֮ɵĴ
ŷگ϶ֽţÿһگһַϡ
Լڵ㲢ûκεĶΣʼԶϴˢ塣
꣬ʮֵ⣬Ҫ˵ͨҲûʲô
һϴˢ߷˵ǣȻʼıþӨ͸
֮еķҲʼǰӿһЩ
һ㶣ȻͻȻ򣬹ֲùŴͶʥȻЩġ
ЩϴˢٶȻǷǳҪȫԼʥ°Ҳվá
㲢ģֻҪʱ䣬һԽӵķʢʱͻԴԴϵ
ʱڤ֮еע룬Ҳʼѹһֻƣͽųݡ
ٵ龰ز¶΢Цı֤
ڵǷǳСֻ⿴һЩٴ˯
ʱ죬ǰݵȺﲻǰҹҲûжϾ
Щͽǵĳݣڤ֮еѵʱҲʼԽԽࡣ
ȵ˵Ѿܹȫıѣ˯ӽֻ֮Ҫ֮㣬ܹʼпܵĻܹΪⷽĵһo
ⶼǺ󻰡
˵Сд죬Щˣڵ֮󣬾ʹҴҵ
һѾصɥ£»صء
Ҫ˵ڵɱǰǿӲ࣬ŵʱرҲЩμ졣
ҲΪѹƵʱ̫ˣܹˣЩƲסԼ
ЩģȻڱǰָȻǹ
ʱѾˣӦøʲô
㲢ûлشĻȺ֮Ҽ֡
Լ֣ûϵǰתͷ˿Լĸ
ӿæһı
ǰǰͷʵҪʲô𣿡
СӣӽԺףˡ
˵仰֮ͻȻ֣үץһ¡
žһǿϢС
Ҳ˵Ĳ죬͵֣ͷ­һġ
ܵͻȻϮûзǸоһ֮ͷû룬Ȼֱ쵽֫ٺ
֮αȫֿ֮ʼľۼ֮󣬻۵ϵӡѨС
֮ϵпʼת󻯳һĽ⡣
оԼڿʼͨһĿռ䣬ǿռ֮һoڶ΢Ц
һoŵôԭoˣĸء
ĽԵľŵˣرĸף
һֱעŶӣͻȻһԼӵͷӾŵôУ̴ܵǰһԡ
֮Ŀ㣬ʲôԼĶӲ


463 
һȻЦ˵ŮʿصģҸղֻʩӽԺĶӾͿԳΪһףˡ
֮󣬾ĿһۣȻתͷʶôˣû°ɣ
ҲѾӸղŵ֮лָ˹һȻ˵ûʲôҺܺá
˵֮ǰһǰľһ
лʩԺ˰ĸ
ǰһȻĸ첲˵ҴӦ㸸׵ģ㲻ʲôֻҪԺúøɣٻٲġ
ݺݵĵͷȻĬĬ˵һԡ
վԶȻ֪ղŷʲôԻ֪ղ˴ô
ЩĽˣҲ֪ԼѡǲȷȻõ˾ȴʧȥһԵ
ܿľѹֻҪǮʲôòһʧȥĻԵһƾԼĲƸҲܹٴζ
뵽ʱǰĵһЩǰһǰеķǲǶѾˣ
˵ͷ˵ĺ¶Ѿꡣ
ãȻȥúóһ٣ʱίˡ
һϲ˵ͷںʲôһٺõģֱڷϿԼҪ˵
ʲô飬±겻١
ڵǲںǮƣļҪѽĸĸѾˣҪϣŮոСѧԺҪױ
ҵһߣֹ˵һ֮к뿪С
Уֻʣˡ
ԶȥĳжǷߺޡ
ΪһڣĸܹõһʵĲû뵽Ǯûõ䵽Сطȥף
Դӱ֮˼÷ǳĻԾĸױ鱻һ
裬ûʲôģӲֵá
عͷкˮץŶӵ˵ǲˣ㸸׼ȻǺǾԼȥҾͲƾ˫֣ĸ
ĸ׵ҡҡͷ˵׺ܺõģѾŲңҲ뿪С
һȻ֪ԼĶЩľګû뵽ڶӾȻʼ˵軰ˡ
ûɣǸϼһʲô֪СȥףǮ
裬סһʱ䣬ʱ֪ˣ֪֮㻹뿪Ҿ㡣
ҪСţҲûа취ֻ˳ˡ
ǺðɣҾһ£˵һ֮Ƕ뿪ǲҲ
§ĸ׵ļ򰲸úúãġ
ӵЭ⡣

˵ͬһTʻ
ڳ˶ǳĳĬʹúͳձȽΡ
ʵܲգǴ򿪵ĳ͸˿ȻŶԱߵ˵ʩԺʲô㣿
Ļѹִ˴ԼȻʵ˵˵ôһصǶǴ
һ£ϾΪʲôЩ㱣
ȻõҲƣΪTе׸Ҳʧȥһ׮СĻԵӴ˺ͳ֮·Щҡ
Ҳעٻ󣬵ȴ;
ʩعڼƽЩеʧеãȻʧȥһ׮ԵȴΪTе׸Ҳʧˡ
ҡҡͷЩɥ˵ҿ¶ʧĲһƥһȺ
ɥĻҲֻҡҡͷ黹Լ뿪ôȰҲûжá
ĬһͻȻ۾֣صĹâ㡣
˵ԺܲܺҸһ
㱻˵һ㶣Ȼ´һ
û뵽Ȼ̰ھȻˡ
رأҲǿͨԼϰһ㹦¡
ѵİԼԼӽԺ͸ǼҰˣһ˾ͷһ
ЩãȻҲͲˡ
ʩҿ㻹Ǳеûˣt׸ҫɡ
ĻһӾûз
֮оһΣұһλҪ˼Ǳȫ̡
ܿ죬ӾtеһľƵǰ
ӳ㣬˶ɫĲܻ㣬ҲԷյĲԡ
Ͻ˶ϱ٣ǰһԣȻʵô¶ҿţѵˣ
ûʲôֻЩͶ
ܻŲɷĻأ˶ҲöʣֻԱ߶һ䣬ʲôԺ˵
ҧ˵ͷ̧֮ͷʱѾϵЦݡ
ܻ⣬Ȼ˵ȥɣõˡ
ߵǰľһȻǸ˵ҸղŶеΪˣˡ
ûıĹ򣬲ֲЦˣ˼ҶԼǸˣôҲֻǿЦЦڰ˵ûʲô£ˡ
֮Ҳÿɷ񣬽žͽӭ˷İڡ
ٷԵĻǲҲѾǿ˴ֱʣһӲˣܶû
ջЩԣֻǴҴҵĳ˼ڣǡ
Ҳ͵˾Ƶ⣬˾ߣ»ȥ
ڳϣЩðźҪԼղŵôһ˵ǮӦòԼ
һԼǰæˡ
ϾܰźˣƾԼı¾ûбĸ̻ӵ
˼ʱֻˣһ΢΢һЦⲻûбˡ
ԭ绰ĲˣķС
ʱʲô£ҲһδӦ׮
Ȼոսͨ˵绰һ߾ʹ˼
쵽Ķˣ绰Ҳӣ֪֪Ѿҷˡ
ûʲô飬ϰ¶绰ܿţԭ¶⡣
绰һͣһ£ȻʼһЩ
ǲϰ飿ҿ˵ȥˣĺ²㰲ŵİɣ
˵ˣʱҾæ£Ϊ˺˴ţŹ˵绰
һǮٰɣؿTе׸
ǮЩֱӾ˵˵¶ˣ˵Ҿͷ绰ʲô𣿡
ãҵ̫үǹ˶£Ӧҵ»첻ˣ˼һߴ˺üˡ


464 ̸
ĻҲЩ˼Լʱ˴صˣѾί⡣
Ǹʩϰ壬ô
ôÿҴһ绰ǵⱨһҪٲҿû˯ˡ
һ£ʱԼҪԼۺĹ飬ʩϰ飬Ҫһơ
ˣ㻹ܼί
ôˣ㲻Ǹոհϰ»ˣ
ǵǡͣһ£ǰľ˵һ顣
ĬһȻ˵Ļôɵúúһʡ
̾˿Ȼ˵Ҳָ⳥ֻҪܰѷĹǨҲˡ
˵ʱһ˿ɫ
Ǻǣôȱˣ
ǲ¶ˣ˵ˣ֮ٸҴ绰ɡ
ãǾˣɼǵðʱְҵơҪ֪ǼĴ⡣
ˣˡ˵ֱ֮ӹ˵绰
ڳ˼һΣָұ֧鲦ȥ˵绰
֧ңʿ
ŶŶŶѽиҪ˵ء
һ֪һԼͬյϰӦǻˡ
ǲǸ̻ˣ
ǣϰұϿһô
ãھ͸Ϲȥ
˵֮͹˵绰ȻͿ˾˵һұλá
˾֮ҲϻֱӾ͵תͷֱұ
ܿ죬ĳұίߡ
³ǰ˾һ䣬ǵһһҪ
˾˵ͷ
㿴˾ӦˣŷĵĹϳţֱίᡣ
˴ίᣬȴһƬ֡
ڴίĻУһİ˾ж֧ұĴ峤Ա߲ͣ˵ŹάĻ
ǸĲɵķˣʲô룬Щ񲻶
ͻȻ֮䣬Ǹ˴λվſڿȥ
Աߵ֧һ㶣Ȼ˳۹һѾ˷ǰ
֧Ͻˣǰм䣬˵ܣ˵500ǰһңԺҪ׶ס
Ǹһ̾վǰĸһ
ִӻȡƬ˫͵ǰ
ЩС⣬Ժա
ֽӹƬһϱдһѵĹ˾֣ϰĻͦġ
ϰҲ÷ϻˣֱӾ˵˵ҵԱô¶
ֱӾͿ£ЩΡ
ģҵĸʵұһģһֱȵʹˣһֱҶⲻҲܾܾүԸðĴ½ʬұ
ĿҲĴ𰸣ϾұķصضȥˣΪʲôҪѡԼԱߣ
ϰԿĲԸ⣬һ´ӻȡ֧ƱȻһֵصǰ
֪¶ɺܴţһС˼ǸĲ
ɨһ֧Ʊϵ֣100
ΪһصؾȻԼ100ϰ廹Ǵֱʡ
ȴˣϾ˭Ҹһأ˭Ҳʹ죬˵100ˣһǧҲͬ⡣
ЩǮϰ廹ջȥĸѡذɣ޹»
ϰĻɫϾͱˣҲղЦݵӡ
ջԼݳȥ֧ƱȻĿ˿㣬˵ɽ񲢲˽ɣ
Ȼҵ˽Ҳ㰲صѽȥĶ˾Ҳ䲻ˡ
޿ֵĻϰ岢£ֻ˵Ȼ˾Ҿͽˡ
ͣһ£Ȼ˵˾ҲҪʱ䣬ҿûĹ˾Ǵꡣ׼ɡ
֮ô˵Ҳоģ֪ԼͶʽȫԽ˾ϼʱ䣬á
һǮȻ£㴩һҲǮĵʿȻͰϿˡ
˾ǲ֮ˡ
Ҳ˶Է뷨üղŵĻֻɲ׼ϼ꣬Ϊû⹦
ϰ壬Ҳ֪Сɽ׶ʲôãҸ㣬ҹ·Ҫġ
˵仰Ҳתȥ
Ǹ֧֪һЩĵϸģߣҲһڰԼׯʲôɫʱԼʳƷͻˡ
Ͻǰץס֣Ȼ˵ⲻ𣿡
˵֮ϰʹ˸ɫ˵ϰ壬л˵ûбҪв𣿡
ͣ˽Ųתϰ˵ҵ˼Ѿǳȷˣϰ뽫ǨߣĻͱҲ
֧Ѿȥɫֱ
Ҳȷ㣬ҪǮԣ100򲻹200200򲻹1000򣬵ǨС
ǻʲô˵ģ
˵֮˦֧֣Ƶ뿪˴ίᡣ
֧鿴뿪̾˿תͷԹϰ塣
˵ϰѽôƢôͲܺ㿴ڰ˰ɡ
֧飬ղѾˣǸʿͲ̸еģͨ뺵ġ
˵ϰݺݵ˿Ȼ˵ｨʳƷΪľ˳ĿҸ׵ķĹǨ߷Ĺôֻڱĵطǳˡ
֧Щ㶣ʵǳĳ仧ǵұȻĻҲͬһ
ΪֻҪϰ򷢵ǮǸʿͻ֣û뵽ǿӲ
ʵ֧ж㻹ǷǳηģΪ֪Щ
ܸԼӴ޴棬Լƶ¸һ֧Ҳ׼Э
Ȼ޷˵㣬ôֻ辶һбµıϰʡʵСֶΰԼ׮ˡ
ðɣȻϰִˣôǴȫ֧ϰġ
˵ʱ֧黹ԱߵĴ峤ʹ˸ɫ
Ǵ峤ʵϰĳ仧Ǵˣڼ֧¿ˣȻˡ
ϰģֻҪһŴ峤Ͳϰܵʧ
ԼõұλĳŵҲһЩ
ʵ£Ҳı⣬Ҳʵû취˲ų²ߡ
ϾĸѾȥѾ˺úóʱִ´ӷڳǧұ
˵ȥ˼ҶЦԼТһиָ㣬Լôܶȹ֮Ľѡ
ҲԲǸʿ˲ΪҲֻίˡ


465 
˵㣬뿪˴ίᣬߵԼĵȥ
ǵǰС㳡ʱбһֿء
ؾôﴣţоôĴۡ
ݺݵһ̵Ȼ򿪵۵š
˵ƽϢһԼȻȥʦ㣬֮󣬲ŻصԼԷ֮УŸýôϰ塣
˼ǰʱͻȻ֮һȶ͵ľѹƴһֻһɫ壬ɿ߶
һüΪĶһֻҪ֮һѪ֮
Ѫ֮ǰҲշǸѪ£ھϢ
ͷϣҲǰ𵽵Ѫͨˣֻһ̧֣һʹз˳ȥֱе
ǰеСܶù磬˱һ¾ʹ˸ţ֮ͻһ˵ڡ
򿪷ţԺҵСýߵߣܶǻû
ҲΪղףûֻĶЩС
ٷ׵Ļô˵СˣһͷͻҲᱻɻҽ
ϵ𶶶£ͻȻ֮俪ʼðһɺ̣̺ܿľס塣
㱻⶯һ˼Ķŵϵ
ǵȵɢֵϵѾһΡ
ӰѾǱϵ·ѾĽһƬҿвͣѪѾ԰׵ѾֽƬһˡ
㿴ǰӰüͷһ壬ԼղſǵȷģҲȻǸѪѪǶŷôֻˣѵǽܿĲԼ鷳
뵽ðһĺ⡣
һԼʩչǽܿһģôʱ䣬Ӧ֪Լˣѵǻģ
ԼҪСϵõЩ鱨ڻ
Ͽˢˢ㣬дһŷ䡣
ȻٵǸѪԱߡ
ֻһеǷ䣬㿪ʼ޻ȼǺȼվĻҽѪϡ
ӵؼУ׳֣ԪУԳΡвУҩڻũеѭ࣬ƽ飬г޸вӦɽǣָħΡԯ۵Уͨ顣̫Ԫʼȱ
ЩѪϵĻҽǷų˹âȻʼû뵽Ѫ֮ڡ
˺һѪ徹ȻʼĶԭȱ˵еĵط˿ھȻʼ£
ѪҲ۾̧ͷһ㣬ŵ
һȥѪ̾ŵòҶ
ѪָһЩǣӦ˵ˣǱ㿪ʵСҵ۸ʲôѵǽܿģ
ʻǸѪֻͻȻŤԼƸĳͶء
ȻΡΡ˵ˣҲǽܿ峤ģҵĸ׻£ǰϢ
һüûһֱǱڽܿ˵ԣûЩ飬ѵǷʲôҪ¿ʼżˡ
˵ɡ
ǸѪھ㷨ƣѾǻָ˴룬ǿֱܹӣҲֻҹǰ˵
˵Ļܿ峤һ˴ٻˣʿѾеTиѪҲɳ20ģҪһٽ
֮۾죬һ
Ҫ˵λж֪ģƾЩں֮ҪԸԼǲܡ
ΪλĴܵ磬ҲֻһȵСආ
˾㶼¡
ǽܿӦ֪ԼͨģȻôѵʲôԵ
㣬ǽܿΪʲôаնԸңѵƾЩνĸ𣿡
ǸѪ̧ͷĵĿһۣȻϽĻشǺʲô취ҵĸײû̽鵽еԵʡ
ⲻܰɣҺ˵Ѿ˽ܿ˵ĸѵ𣿡
ǸѪ֮ЩΣͷ˵ʱ䲻֪ô£ܿ峤ʵ½ҷǳùӶ鷳ҵĸ׾Ϳʼ͵͵еˣҪȡܿˣˡ
ˣԼ
ʵǿѪлЩĻ½ܿͰʰˡ
ǻڻûΣգ
ΣյûУ򷢵˱
֮ЩЦǱʲôط˿ҲֻмʮˣԶŷ޴½µȫǱˡ
¼ʹ˱Ȼ̽һЩܿ˵ĵ飬ڽܿѪ͸Ѿǿˡ
룬ʱҪŹǸϰˣȰѽܿЩνĸˣʰ˵
֮󣬶ŵϵѪ˵֪֪Щˡʲôط
ӵĻڲԶһɽޡ
˵ͷȻ˵Ȼȥɡȵʱҡ
Ѫ֮ϽĵͷȻ󵱿һ»һԶȥ
㿴Զȥüͷһ壬ȻһС
̾һзɵóȻϡ
ԭһСޣĴĴָͣϲˡ
С޵ͷȻ˵ղǸ𿴵˰ɣ
Сޣ¶̧ͷȻ˵㡣
ȥŵʲôط
С֮͵һԾȻϵĽʧӰҲʼ͸͸Ӱӣ͵ľʧķ׷Źȥ
㿴ԶȥĽħͯӣ¶һļЦ
Ѫ쿪ȻƭԼԼһթơ
ԭղ˵Ļֻĵϸ
ȻѪϺͻƣҲûɵƾ㣬ΪԼˡ
Ȼ仰Ĺ¶š
ȻǻѾ뿪˽ܿ˵ĺģô͸ǿҲ֪Щŵĵط
ΪܿǸ㻹Щ˽ģԽܿ˵ĽľôܰôҪϢ͸¶ȥ
ڿǻѾ¶ʲôţý֪ܿԼɹȥԵףŽƾͼƣѪǰԼ
˼ǰʱͻȻֻ֮һĴǰһȻһ֮ڣǸѪĺһ׺˵ء
ԭǽħͯѾֻͨҪǽħͯӿģﶼܹȫĽա


466 ٻ
Ǹʿûл㣿
׶ʦǸʿʮңºݷǳá
ͺãʱתע
ͻȻ֮䣬׶ʦһüֹͣ˵Ȼ͵򴰻⿴ȥ
оһ֪׶ʦЩ£ȻԼĽħͯӡ
ҲãԼʹŽħͯӣһ׶ʦʲô¡
һһֱԱصСħͯ͵ľʹ˳
׶ʦݺݵĵԱߵѪһ
˵Σ˼Ѿҵǵϳˡ
ԱߵѪħͯӣҲһ׶ʦʣѾŵɸ
׶ʦѪתͷݺݵĵŰеĥͯ˵֪ǸʿƵģȥӣϴɾӵȥɱɡ
׶ʦ͵ǰһץſռоͳһĲƣЩƵţĿռҲȶ
ǰеĽħͯӺ񱻿ռ̶˵Ȼƶ
Ǹ׶ʦٴ̧֣͵ǰһġ
ħͯӺܵش͵ľɳ۶ȥ
׶ʦΪһؾ͵СǲҲҪܵشʱǽħͯӾȻ˵ַ˻
һؽħͯӿûٸ׶ʦʩչħĻᣬֻһ⣬ͷһֱ׶ʦĶͷ
ʦһϾƽֻȭ߸ߵľٹͷ
ʱϵһöָ͵ķųĽ⣬ܿľͽ׶ʦȫס
ɳĽħͯײ֮ϣֻǸ⻯ɵĻײһĲûиߵ׶ʦκε˺
ħͯһУ֮̾׹ȥȻȻ뵽˵֮¡
Ǹ׶ʦ龰͵һţһķ׶ʦǰɵľ룬طǽħͯӴﱻ˳
ħͯΪĻҲǰ׸ģȻһα˴ʦ˷û٣ֻһξһʧ˿С
ţ׶ʦܾͳһ硣
Щ翴ÿһɨ׶ʦǰĻֵʱ򣬶ǸɷǳĲ
׶ʦ֪ó㹦ûа취С
ֻ׶ʦӻͳһ˸âĿں졣
ȻͽںͿԼϣڵ׶ʦ˾÷ǳĹ죬һԵ˵ȴͿźĿں졣
ԱߵǸѪЦֲЦֻԱ߱š
ͨħͯӿһе㣬ȴ̲סˣֱӾͳԵһЦ˳
׶ʦҲҲоԼЩ죬ЩΣȻʼ
ߵܵ壬̬ɷͶӦС
֮꣬оȻ˵ĲƣÿһƵĴһĹâ
ٻеľ飬Լս
λеľѾǷǳˣѾֵĵز
׶ʦôڵλεǲ׽˼ֻ飬ҶͬǩԼԼ¡
׶ʦҲƾЩڵ򳬷λ㣬ҳΪһĴС
Щ鶼ȻĻһЩͨ
ֻ⼸ٸڰвͣƮ赸ܣȻһĹ򣬰λƬռָ
еĽħͯӣܶͬʱ־ҲʼȻҪ˯֮С
ڵ۵㷢֪ٲֵĻħͯӾҪݵƬռ֮С
㲻ҵһǽħͯӾͿʼҪƬռ䡣
ǣ⽵ħͯӺεŬƬռʧȥһеǵзͷʩչ
׶ʦ֪΢΢һЦħͯȥ
ڵ۵㣬ѾоħͯĲһ־塣
Ҫ֪⽵ħͯרǶԸ֣ȻһŴ࣬о£ɼжôΣ
̾˿ǲʩչ湦вؽħͯˣһ͵λʼǿںϡ
ͽ˵άĿռ䡣
Ҳڳɾ˵ɣܹڿռ֮ɵάά
λϾѾĩʱڣڳߵԽԽǿ
ĵǿߣҲܹάռдʱ
ոյĽάռ䣬̵ľǰһֻһľ룬ǽħͯӵԡ
ͨӹеͨУת
Ǿµķռķ󣬶ڴάռ˵ͬ衣
˾׶ʦҪץסĥͯӵʱһӲӵִ֮̽Ȼǰһס˽ħͯӵֱۣȻֻһͰƬռ䣬ά
׶ʦΪһԼҪõһֵʱȻа취飩ͻȻҲֱġ
ղŷ飬׶ʦȱ˸еա
ԷǴһάȣֱӸԤʵ
ͨ׶ʦֻڴ˵Ϊʵģû뵽ھȻĳԼǰ
λʦͣһ£Ȼ͵һ֮֮ӻȡһ澵ӡ
СԲ󣬵׶ʦһףȻһ׶ߵĴͷ
׶ʦڵϻһһС֮󣬴ӻȡһˮ򣬷Сεм䡣
ңħά̹ٻ֮壬ҿԶ֮֮£ſ档֮⡣Ӧҵٻ֪̬ΪӦ÷־
ոյ꣬׶ʦǰǾоֳһŤӰ
Ӱ޵Уι״һͷģ
ʦӰ¶ЦݣҲǶλеĵˡ
ֻҳڸĵˣȻ
ǾеĹһ£ܵ˲֪Ӱ죬òӾһԾȻҲѸٵû뵽գ뵽άռ䡣
ʱάռбҪ˻ȥ㣬͵ķԳһ
һάռ䣬һãȻʼ¶ЦݣʼĻ
ԭﱾǱλһλòħʦʹ
ʱƣֵλĹԽԽɭϣ޷ʩչħĵز
ȥʮʱ䣬λͿԽȫǸʱֻܶǺڰ֮Уһֱ˯Զ
һħʦȻĽٻħʦĵҲǳȻάռ֮Уܹʱİħάռ䡣
Ϳȫ޼ɵʩչпħµõ֮


467 ά̹
άռУûħף
һţһϷŴЩǰ۳һ磬ȻԦάռֱħȥ
ǸħѾϲ񣬸ûע⵽Ѿ˽ֲʱѾ
ֻĹõħš
ֻħһĵ˸ЩάռĲͣ롣
ħֻüһҽУżɵξͿʼСС
ʱѾ˳άռ䣬ص˵֮ڡ
֪ħ»ص֮Ҳûеģ̴ԼԷȡöʯ
Щʯǰɷʱõۡ
Ϊ㷨𽥵ĸǿԶɷͲôʹˣΪ߿ֵƣͽ
Ȼ㻹֪ǿ󷨣ɸ֮
ЩȻǿʢÿһҪصĹߺ߲ܹãûǸʱ䡣
ֻªͼ򣬰ǰѾôʹõɷһΰ˳
ֻҴҵذձǵУ߿ʯ˵۵ԺС
ողɷʱٵ۵ϿտռһĲžһֻ˳ֱͷ­
Էֻ΢΢һЦȻϥڵϣǹĴֻûнӽ㣬ͼϱһŽ⡣
ԭղæ֮䣬ѾԼ˴䡣
ħһȫڡ
֪ħǶάռ֮УϾʹƣֻкͬһάȣܹħ˺
ĶԼȫķʼ𶯸Ŀռ䣬Ҳʼά
㿪ʼάʱµɷҲʼãֻռŤߵ¡
ͿʼųһɭĹâ
Щâǲɫģ۶յ
ɷųĹâڵ۸ܣһ֪ͨĹʼԤάռ䡣
ȵȫά֮ɷȻ֮һͬ֡
ǸħںǺʹռΪһ壬ͣڸεҲֲټ
ոճάʱԱ߾һǸħֳҲ֮һ˫צֱҸ
Σֻǰһ˳˼Զ
һԼĺ󱳣ǰɽ̳С
άռ֮У̤̽
ɷҲʼܣ޾ĲɫĹ⣬ռ䶼ˡ
ղŻܹάռ֮δܵǸħܵʲôһҲ޷Լͨˡ
ٴ趯Լеɽҡҡָ˼֮ɷһ㡣
Ķάռ֮УͻȻ߸ܣǷ߸򣬰ѸĿռȫ
еǸħһüϾͲˣȻ޷ߴôԼһһ߹ȥ
뵽λħͨһһ
㿴ԽԽӽħ΢΢һЦȻñָħ
ɷͿʼ˶sɷɷӿʼΧħٵת
ǸħֻоԼ걻Сʼͣиÿһζʹ顣
һֿ̣ܵϾ־ˣħɲһˡ
ά̹һͷǿᲢ۵ǿޡ
ʥмĩгֵ֮һ
Ҳħ֮Ժеǿ
ȻǰһֻһȻϻ޷ƥУеͨС
ܹġ
ɷȻͣи꣬λħȴȻһһᶨȥ
ߵɷıԵʱ̾ܵ赲һɹɺͬһεⲻͣ赲ǰ
â֮Уά̹оһų⣬ϵͨ͹֮ҲʼҪ塣
ά̹һЩüˣû뵽㾹Ȼܹo
ĻССϰȻǲϣһȴЩΪˡ
ΪѾʱ乻ˣôһֱԼάԼתڸոճûлָʢʱڡ
£oݣûʤ㡣
λħݺݵĵһ۱ռ䣬ֻ̿ʼȻһάҪάĿռ䡣
ڵôӵˣӽ߶ɷ
άռĿռݣ㿪ʼȹ
ħȻһʱ޷άάռ䡣
ά̹һŭ𣬽忪ʼ˱仯ԭȻǸΣѾһֵĺ֡
ֻŻ棬ðӵݣװ̡
άֳ̹ɷͻȻʼ˾ҵĲֻážһɷȫ顣
ŵòᡣ
Ȼɷ󲢲֪󷨣ôҲǵǵλڱ֧š
ټҲѾǵ֮壬ӵǿޱȵķ
˫£õɷ󣬾Ȼǰһˡ
оǰڷɿѾ˵ܹɵļޡ
ѾǴﵽɵĵزһСɻ治ǶԷĶ֡
˵Σ֣ҲûлţΪеף˭Ԯأ
ֻҪǱҪʱٻôǰСħȻڻ¡
ڴ֮ǰһԼͨ
ֻһ־̾ʹԺеǸ䡣
ֻһΣžͳ˰ɸ¡
ʱǸҲѾɷֱ㡣
Ҳиһɣ΢һЩ˵
ŭһԼȭֱﳤĲ
ȭͷ򵽶ԷĲϵʱȴ˸ֶоЩʹ
Ǹά̹ǸûбһȻŭţƬһĶǰֱ֫ļ
ʱأһ¾ͱԷУֱӱȥ˼ɡ
ֻǱȥĻ㻹ô⣬ΪʩչǷصͨνƤʮֵĿ
ػһ޵ʼ塣
һ壬㿪ʼĴҴܣ㲻òеķҪȥ
ķһӴͿʼʧˣҾȻʼͶ뵽֮С
Ҳ˵ʶõķԽ࣬Խǿռȵȫ塣


468 
վ˼֮󣬲òһϥڵϣΪڵǹ֮Ѿڵķںһˡ
Զά̹ѾֽŲõĿ񱼹ѪڣһҪ̵Ƶġ
̾˿òĵˡ
ֻͷһ޾ά֮Уǹ˸Ӧ
ŹͿʼѸٵĽάֻһ˲䣬ԡ
˵ǳǿ죬ά̹ľ޿ϾҪͷ­ˣͻȻֻо񱻽סˣһǿų⡣
һά̹ûа취ٵֿˣֱӱ׳ȥ˼ɡ
ȵǱһʱֻǸСʿѾһ
٣֮
ڵվһҡӣɵ̾ͻ˵ĴС
ǰһû뵽ڡ
ʱ۾ֻۿԶά̹
ϣʱ
Ϊħά̹ɲһףŭ𣬽άʼһ߾ۼ
ۿ޾ά壬ϾλһʱͻȻֻ˸˼ֱӾͰסˡ
һά̹ˣҪ֪Ȼһǿʢʱ򣬾ǿʹĶ֡
ڱ޾ţȻ޷ﵽԼҪĸ߶ȡ
ϵˣһڶԷһɲǣˡ
ֻ֣͵һץ
ά̹ܾһεľʼȭ
ǳľ޴󣬾ά̹ӴҲʼѹƣ󲻵òС壬Լѹ
ֻ˼Ĺά̹ͱѹƵһ׸¡
ǹٴ֣ά̹Ͳзȥˡ
ۿά̹ҪһУͻȻ֮ڵλһֵʼά̹ϡ
ʹά̹徹Ȼͣ˰Уһ߷ȥ
ӷ𡣡
зţ۾дŽ⣬⴩͸λ棬ֱһ֮С
һ׵ķ棬Ҳ֪ˮû˶꣬ЩӰ˵Ľ
⽨׶ˣһֵħħʮ
ά̹ҲȻĳС
һô£ӦλµķרЩħͬʱҲԼĺЩʹõͨ
һ˼ҲͷˣϾ˭Ҳһ֪Ĵԡ
ǹȴô룬ά̹ղ׷ɱԼôŹⲻǳ־Լ
˹ջĿ֮󣬱Ӵά̹ϡ
ŹԽԽǿʢά̹ǿʼЩá
ʹά̹ԽԽһ߿£ۿҪУǸʱҲ޷ٺˡ
һ˲䣬֮У޾λУ־
һ־ǳı꣬ոһ֣һɹǿʼӿ֡
Щܿľͳ˹ʥ⣬ά̹ϡ
õļӳά̹Ǵ˼ѪһȻٴ
ڱţҲ޷һ
ֵһȴɢһ֮
һ֣άռеĹͶǳǵľ
ͿʼѸٵλӡ
Ϊʵ̫ǿҲ̫߼ˣϾͱλ֣赲Χ
⻹㣬ǵҲӶǻˣžһεĲʼѸٵάܿľ͵֮λá
ǹ֮һӱɨˣȻ֮ʧ
ʱһɿ񱩵ҲʼӽҪаά̹ȥ
ʱǵλ͵ռһɨ
Ĺ͸оԼʧȥ˶ǰռͷĿơ
Ȼά̹ƿأ˵λ档
޾еĿٴγ֣Ҳ
ڵάռ֮УֻʣɵĹ
ۣά̹ʧķ򿴹ȥˡ
ֻά̹뵽˸ղԼ۲Ƭ֮֮һīˮһʧˡ
һĲѾЩͷķ棬Ȼ˵Ȼʼĳ뵽ס
ֱ֪ӷӡżԺҪħʦٻżеħɾͲˡ
㿴˿һӹзȻŹ˵˼ˣѿԻȥˡ
ǹֻǵͷһʧռ֮С
ϽٴνάΪڵķѾĵĲˣҪγͣ¾Ҫʧڿռ֮ˡ
ȵٴ۾ʱѾ˵֮С
һվԺУ۾ϵǣŽ顣
һؽܿ׼Լ̯ˣȻҵǿķʦ
Լ֮ȻѲٻĹ׷ɱ
λҲԼҲһЩܡ
ԼԺҪСĽɹڵĿԴ
˵ʱTеǼ֮У׶ʦɫ԰ףǾ
ԭղٻħΪƾħӦܹ׵ɱԼĵˡ
ʱƣǰǸˮѾѪɫ˵ħõԽԽǿ
ôʱˣҲǸħػ˫ƾС
㶵⹦ѾѪɫˮͻȻžһѿˡ
Ӧһˮһš
˵ʲô˵ԼٻħѾԼĿƣӦǱԷˡ
β׶ʦе
ħжǿ֪ģҲ׶ʦɱ֮һ
ħıԷˣôɾʹˣʲôԼһ
Ҫ֪ħԼһɷʦഫܡ
ƾſֻħһɵħڳķˮ
ĩʱڣƾħ͢Ҳ֡
׶ʦֻһ£ϾͷӦæĴӻٴȡһСһŵˮ򣬷ˮм䣬ٴοʼ䡣
һٱ飬оħ֮һң޷ٵħ
ܸоħĴڣ֪ħֻǱˣûܵˣ˿
ʱԱߵǸѪСĵǰʵ˴ʦղʲô
Ѫڻ±أ֪ղŷһ춯صĴս
Щ㻹ǲҪ֪ĺá
׶ʦ˵仰֮˼һ󣬴ӽĳͻԼĵ˻ǿԼ޷ħʱ򣬿ºͶԷ潻ֵĻᶼûС
ܿ峤ĵȷģƾԼһ˲Ǹʿ֡


469 ܿ
Լĵ˺ܳʱ䣬ܿ˼ֱһֳӲʯͷͣڸԼ鷳һٶȻˣӦøһ˽ˡ
뵽ʱѾɱġ
ɱĳʱŷ½һׯ԰֮ڣһСݸɵͷڲͣĺźɫҺ塣
ЩҺͷʺͷòۿɼٶȿʼָš
һѾһʮˡ
ͷԻ⣬ִԱߵľƿеһҺ壬һ
һȴûκεı仯Ȼʮ˵ģ
ͷŭֱӽеı˵ϡ
ͷһԾ˰֮УȻһĳ򣬲ͣĴţȻһĺ֮ĳǱ
ŷűˣһӵŮ
ǰеĹ￴Ů͵һˣֱӾץסеһŮֱӾͲŮĲС
ļŮӦǼֲˣȻֻ£ȴûһ˼С
˺һǸѪеŮӵ˵ϡ
ʱʣŮĺߴһ̾
ԽԽ޷Լˡ
˵žһŮڶʱһᷢŮӲˣǰޡ
ņ̀ͷ꣬ǿ¶һ˿΢ЦܿľʧˣӵĻЩŮǸϽ˳ȥ
Ҹоҵڷٵ˥ҵǻ˼ǧϹŶһһ顣
ǰȥסˣһ˴еɳϡ
ܿˣģҲ㻹Ӧڵ壬ȹһʱͻõġ
ԭ˲ˣǽܿˡ
Ǹ緢꣬ھȻһˡ
ܿĿŴţȻ˵һǸ쵰䣬֪һ
˵ʱ򣬽ܿѾͨ졣
ԱߵϽ§ס˽ܿˣȻ˵ģһжõģҲô뿪ҵġ
ţҲҪýܿټʮֱ꣬ĺӳΪ峤
뵽ʱһֻɿ˽ܿˣԼĸ
ܿҲоĲɣתһԼĸ¶˴΢Ц
ǲҰ
ܿ˵ʻһϾ¶Цݡ
һϲģȻ㷢ˣôھͿԸ㡣
Ȼɿ§Žܿ˵֣֣µһ·ȻŽܿ˵ܿͬ־ʽ֪ͨ㣬ϾҪΪˡ
ܿ仰һ㶣ȻϾ¶˿ϲһ˹ȥıڻС
ҵıҾ֪㲻ʧģԶҵġ
ܿѾԸӵĵز
û뵽ԼùʱȻ˺ӡ
ɺЩѪͨ᲻ͬĽıԼѪ
ܿѾ¶˾ģԼҪȹѹأԼĺӵ峤֮λǸʱԼܹȻȥ
֮ѵõһܰǱصѪԼһŮʬĻõһĻ
ڽܿ˸ոƬ̵̶ĵ绰ˡ
ܿüȻſ꣬ļ˵һȣȥӸ绰
ܿ˵֮վ绰Աߣ˻Ͳʵ˭
ܿ峤׶
׶ʦʲô𣿡
Ҹղźĵ˽ֹ
ôܿһȻʵ
˵ķǳȷ̫ѲˣҵٻˮѾˡ
ܿһ¡
׶ʦٻˮѾãǿٻħĶ
׶ʦƾݺᳬ磬Ѫ֣ҲֻǺ׶ʦ
׶ʦ׼ô죿
׼ԭȵļƻĵƭһɽ֮УȻ󼯺λʦһͬʩչħѹ
һ᲻ˣܿ˶һεжʮֵģ֪֮ٻ鷳
ܿ峤ģƾ֮ǿķʦҲ޷ѡ׶ʦŵ˵
⵹˴ʦԴ󣬶֪λʦУһλһܹʱĸռ䡣
ȵǸķʦԼİΧȦ֮ǾͻǸɽȴӵλʱĸ뿪γһλ档
ǸʱǸʦٴҲ޷ˡ
ܿĵ˵ͷͣһ˵ܲһм仰Ҫ
׶ʦ֮Ĭһ£Ȼ˵һǳΣյҪҪ֪Է֮£һᣬҲͻѵġ
ܿ˳Ĭ˺óʱ䣬ȷ׶ʦʵʵ˵
׶ҵѣҺ˵ʵɣ⵽˶Է䣬ҵڷǳĲҪӶԷĿ֪ȥҲƽ
绰һߵ׶üղʵǿҪǲǸħƾԼһжס
ʩչ䣬ôƽġ
Էһؿǳ˴ǮĻԼҲԼѹ׵ıʧˣҲûԹԡ
ڹЩصҪҲֻǾİ졣
ðɣֻǾҲ֪Էʵġ
лл㣬ҵѣ֮һᵥٴθлġ
ôˡ
ܿ˹˵绰̧ͷɳϵ˵ǸǰȻ׶ʦˣǲǺڼ޸ң
ꡰ͡һЦ˳ڽܿڵĺô
ҲΪʲôϲϽܿ˶ԭ
ԭһʱӹˮһƽһ۾δ
ͽܿһ͸оԼ»صŮʱڣеĸֲһӿ˹
վ˽ܿ˵ԣĽסȻ˵װģ㶼Ҫ׵ˣҪˣСƢˡҪһ
ܿ̾һȻҲס꣬Ķ˵׶ʦʧˣֻħҲʧˣ׼λʦһѹ㡣
ҲһҪ˵ûиǼٵġ
Դͽܿһʱ򣬾֪Լû·ˣҲĻܿеĸԶ⿪
ܿ˿겢ûΪ˵ǺһЩתͷһЩۡ
Ҫ֪ڵλĳ磬׶ʦħʦѾǷëǣʹλǿħ
׶ʦеλħʦѾѵλǿħʦȫȥôǿħʦôҪĴҲǷǳӴģһԼ弸ǧղؿҪʧˡ


470 
ڵ֮˼룬ڵλÿһζǱϮԼԼķҲǸ취ԼһҪܿһȺһ򾡣ʡǲͣĸԼ鷳
Ҫľ̽ղǸʦλãͬʱҲҪ֪һTеģֻǻбˡ
ɾͲóˣҿtлЩϵġ
׼ʱȥ죬ԼȴǸʩϰ⡣
ȻľګʵǸӣ治ס¶뵽̾͸ȥ绰
绰һߵڸոյ
˭ѽ˵ִ֮һǷ
ԲʩϢˣ㡣
һ֣Ͼѹ
ʲô¶𣿡
мҪϰæ
ԴӼԼĸϷ֮оͶ˸룬ڶҪӦ
ʲôʲôϵл㾡ܷԸ
ģҵĵԱ߶һأǺһ۵ϰ尲õף֪ϰĵϸ
С飬Ҽʱ䣬Ͼͽ͵ȥ
оǣTк˼ħʦ֪Щ˵ľλԼ
ҪɾЩ˾鷳ˡ
Щ˵ԷǲħʦͿ
ǶͨˣҪҿЩ첻ˡ
Ȼе鷳˵֪һ˵ľλԼˣȻһʲôϵܹ֪Ĳˡ
ǿĴӦҪ
µ绰֮󣬳һ
㿪ʼͨԼƵǸѪ¡
ôеǸ䣬޷ϵλ¡
üֻܷڻѾȥһܹϢĵط
ڵһѾȥ㻹ţΪͻѾǩԼֻҪǻһϾܸӦ
ôֻǻ±һֵĵطԼĸӦ
ڽܿѾ½ԸԼԼҲøܿһȻĻСȥ
ϥԪǣ뵽άռ䣬֮ʼɿɨ
ܿڤڤиӦ˻µλá
ڵĻһ䳱ʪĵ֮С
һֲ֪ʯɵģǽϻŸֹķšЩźѪɣʱһ˿ĺ⡣
˩ţһǽǣ͸ž
㷢˶Էλã΢΢һЦȻͿʼһ͸
ڵλǸάʱգҲ޷͸صķ䣬άʱֻһ˲ϵ˻¡
±ѾľͻȻ¶˾ϲΪ˵ٻ
£¡
ǲ㣿Ķ˵Ż£ʹӵʼĴ
㲻Ҫţڸҵ׷ʲô顣
ˣҵļᱳңǸ߽ܿˣ׼ȨȡѪ
Ĭһ£ͻȻŭʵΪʲôһᣬܿɵ
֮һ
ڳ飬һֱǻܣ˭Ҳûиߡ
ⲻܣ˭Ҳûиߡ
ҲЩ֣Ϊ˫Լ֪û˵ٻ
Ȼûаܸ߱ˣôôأ
˼ʱͻȻֻߵű򿪣žʹ˼ѪŻ£һҴ
ڻ±ڵأ˺۵ʱһѪóһҩƿֱӾ͹˻µĿС
ƿҩµڣֻǼĹɥʧ־
ҲоĲǻڻĻΪڵĻѾһˡ
ЩѪͿʼڻµη֮ѿˣ˰Ҳûзʲôֻ㬵뿪
άռе㿴һҲЩľԼֻͻ¶˼仰ԷѾˣ⵽ô£
ΪԼķǷǳŵģŵλѪļܹ̽⵽άռԼ
ôпܵľǻ¸ղźԼͨʱ򣬱Էˡ
뵽ʱҲЩԾˣû뵽λ滹ͨȻܹ̽˵뷨
Ҫ֪ǳ磬Ҳûķ
ϵ£ܿ˱ͱһ뷨ƲˣֻԼǿǿһ·ƹȥȡܽܿǵѪƽˡ
ͬʱ㻹ЩźҲԼĽħͯһԼͿֱͨάռԤʵηоȳ
ϧµ޷άռдڣֻҪһάռ䣬̾ͻᱻάռ
ٴ۾ʱ򣬷ɫѾʼæվ˴֮иʦ㡣
ȻŲͨĵ绰
绰һͨһߵͽʵϰĺǲǰˣǲǸðԼ¶ˣ
Ҹ绰Ϊ¶ģǱ߰ŵôˣʲôʱ£
绰һߵǳһȻ˵ֻҪ˼йʱԳ
ãôңǾͰǼ°ˣһҪҪԺ²ʱ䡣
úúãڵеңϾ͹ȥ
˵֮͹˵绰
ҡҡͷôӡ

˵ҵĵ绰֮̾͸ʩϰٴβ˹ȥ
绰һͨȲ˵ʩϰ壬Ͽ׼ʱ䡣
úã׼绰һߵʩϰĴӦ
ǾˣھȥǱ߸Ͽ׼ɣʱ䡣
˵֮͹˵绰֮ͨ绰ԼеļСŮһſֱĵۡ
Ҫ˵ٶȻ治һСʱ֮ĳͣ˵۵ſڡ
ոյ³ԱһüͷԭҲڵԱߵǸ·ˡ
ãѾǰ˵£֪и˲ۣר鷳
ֻҡҡͷ̾˿Ҳ֪˺ʲôĶ
ºԼҲûϵֱӾŽ˵ۡ
ȵ˵ۣڴ֮ϥŲ֪ľġ
Ҵ㣬ֻվڴſš
ֹ˴ŰСʱ۾һڻȻ֮վ
ôкһͷҲûأͶߵ˵
ҿ˼𾢣ôš
תͷЦҡҡͷ˵ʲôϵʲôŲŵġ
˵仰߳˴æ˺ܿľԷ
֮˵Եһ£׼һЩǾͿԳˡ


471 ͻ
ĳڸٹ·Ϸɿʻţڸʻϵ㿴Ŵľɫ˼
ʲô£
㷭һۣʻǳĲ⣬˵ĺһ
ûʲôǾһλʵ̫ˣֱһһҶûʱͼ˺úþһۡ
ⲻΪǮ𣿵ǮŲĸзȥһˣʱôôۡ
ʴЦ΢΢˵ͷû˵ʲô
ڸ·ʻ˽СʱTԱߵJС
ȻڵĵһʡУǾ÷չҲǲ
ǵĳո˸ٹ·Ϳ·ͣԱ߻վһȺˣΪ׵Ǹϰ塣
ĳϽͣ£Ȼ˳
ʩϰѾСĳԣֱ֮ӾͶһ
ˡ
˵֮ʩϰץסֲˡ
㼸ΰسˣ鶼ûгֻεԱߵ˿˼ϿԼΧ
ľ۾ﶼЦݣ֪ڲǻ㣬Ȼ˵ʩϰȢϱýѽôҲҴк
ʩϰڲŷƵģɿˣԼš
ѽѽû뵽ϰҲڣղʧˣ
ˣ˵Щ׵ˣǻǸϿ¶ɡ
úúãھ̡ʯϰ˵ȻĵЦЦҵĳɣ˳Ұһ¡
ﻹ˵ʲôֻǵ˵ͷ
ʩϰӦˣϽĵǰߴ·ܿľһıԱߣԸš
Ѿûˣֻ̾˿Լĳ
ӺܿľͿʼ̡
мϣʩϰҷ顣
ģҵļܻһЩֵֹʱŻԵ޹ʵĴ򿪣ʱڰҹʱܸоҵԱվһˡ
˵ʩϰһԼͷð亹Ȼµ˵ҸӹŹֵǣÿֻҪⷿ˯ܻһĺ
һ£ӦһСҡ
ִᵽĩʱڣСӦǺ׾ܹûбҪԼȥɡ
ʩϰҲı飬̾һ˵ѾһЩʦǰȥ顯ÿһȥĴʦ޹һʦǸסһҹڶͷˡ
ЦЦȻ˵ҿʩϰҲǲСˣһҲʩϰ˽ǣΪʲô
ʩϰ̾һȻ˵ʵͲǼסˣǱҵլΪ͵һЩʧȥ˿ȨȵҸ֮ŻǮǲܶⷿӲŲʵģϾÿ껹Ҫȥ档
֮󣬰ĵ˵ͷԴӴ½֮˼Զÿ궼һʱլ֮мȡ
ⷿӶʩһ˵ǺҪġ
ʩϰģҿ²ʲô£ӦһСңӦúܹܿƽ㲻Ҫʲôġ
ʩϰĻǷġ
˳ŽֵܿľһƧĽֵСɢɢ
Щȫʯʽṹ񣬶ҿŽѾаʷ
ʩϰĳеһǰͣ
ʩϰ³㿪Žӭ
˳̾۶˹ȥ
뷨֮УԼۣӦûῴʲôľɫ
ϣķ֮£ûκεĲһĵطҲûйϢε
һüЩˡ
ʩϰ忴üҲһȻʵĪҵļʲôͷĵط𣿡
һĿЦļҲͷļ̫ͷˣȫûκʿôʩħ
ڱϻû¶ӣ˵ȥ˵
ʩϰĻϽǰߴ·ܿľǰԿ״ѴƿȻš
Ժӣһɨûзʲôͷĵط
濴
ʩϰһûмʣʶȤǰߴ·ܿľʹ˷ţӡ
֮ϸĴԶĽ
⽨ۿʽģߵװȴйɫ
ҿⷿ˻ǷǳɾģȻûסһһζǻҳȾ
ʩϰĴ£ʼιǰı
תһȦҲûʲôͬ
ɻ˿ʩϰ壬ѵϰеû¸ɻԼЦ
ʩϰ忴Ҳһѵ˵ҲǸǹͷ
ǰļλʦҪȻ˷ǿʼһҺƣҪȻǺĪĿԼ
ЩĪԼĴʦÿһڸЩġ
Ǿˣһ֮סһҹڶͷˡ
㲻Ҳûʲôɣ
ԷĻҲЩ졣
ܿͻָԼ̬Ҫ֪ԼǵɵĸˣλѾһһĴС
Ͳλ滹һʲôˣܹԼᲢ۵ġ
ʩϰ壬ȷʵûԺпʲôͷĵطĪںƶЦ
ʩϰ弱ֱ֣ҵĵⶼüëˣܺ͵Ц䷿ȷʵйŹ֡
Էı飬ƭԼģһӵɻˣϾ뵽ⷿʲôŹ֡
ʩϰ壬ղֻۻⷿһȦƶϸһҲܿߡ
һжŵֻҪܸҽ鷳ʲôС
վ¥ȥ
һֱԱʩϰ˵ڸæĺʩϰ˸кʹҴҵǱ׷ȥ
ôһʧ˰ɣ
㿴˿ҡҡͷ˵ȷʵйŹ֣Ҹղ÷۹һȦҲûзʲô쳣ҿʩϰֲƭǵӣѵһĹַǿȻܹùҵķۣ
ҲʼĬ
˾дתˣÿһҪϸĹۿ
һȻһһûʲôջȻͷɥĴ»صʩϰ£ͻȻ۾һǽϹһͻ
һʹĺС
ֻĻҲֻƽȴʮֵĹ죬ȫúɫȾϻɣ͸һɭϢ
ʩϰ忴㿴Ƿæվܡ
ȥŷεʱģ۸񲻹ֻмŷԪ˼мʷǼһС©ˡ
˵ʱʩϰԵ÷ǳԺ


472 
㿴ʩϰǵεҡҡͷǰȥϸĿܾЩͷ
㶢⻭ʱԽԽͻȻ֮һִΪйĿ־塣
ָо޳ûйġ
˵һײϹϸ
û°ɣ
ûʧ̬ʵ
ƽһԼȻ˵ûʲôȻйŹ֡
ʱʩϰҲ˹վԱߣ̧ͷԼŷչĻûʲôֵĵط
ǲãȻúֲܿҲŷ½ʷһ֤ûôš
㲢𻰣һۣҪǲʩϰ˵޺
㻹ʧˣ֮УȻͨͨûô졣
һûа취ˣסһȵϵʱٿ
һʱҲԵɣʩϰ壬סһûʲôɣ
ʩϰһ㶣ܿľͷӦ
ס
˵ͷȻ»صɳ֮ϣԵǷĬĬŽ췢顣
Щͷöû뵽ɵķȻ޷Ժӵǲйڡ
Աߵʩϰ壬ͷҲûдǷԸԼ鿪ʼ֮ⷿ׼Ŀͷ
ϰ壬ʲôǺȥסƵꣿʩϰתͷ
΢һ£˿Ա߳Ĭ㣬Ǿ˭úֵأ
ҲɣϾһסҲġ
ã˶׼һ䡣
˵֮ʩϰԱߵٴʾ⣬˵ͷȥˡ
һʩϰ忴ʱѾˣ쵽˳緹ʱ򣬱˵ľƵУһ緹Ȼְ˻
ʩϰйΪɴ˴Ҵҵ뿪ˡ
ȵʩϰ֮ˣɳ֮Ϻһ£Ȼ˵ЩǮܣɳô󣬶ҵĴˡ
㲢ûлشȻǷֵĻš
ڸоͷˣϽԱߣļʵô¶ɵ𣿡
ʱ̧ͷѪ۾˵ûоڱ㣿
Ļŵôһ飬ʶܿ˿
ĵطЦ
ûдתͷȥűǷ¶һ˿΢ЦĹ졣
Щסˣæȥ㣬Ȼ˵㲻а˰ɣ
֣û˵аأѧղ𣿡
˵֮ʹվߵǷĻǰһγĬ
ʲôͷĵطõ¹򡣡
ߵԱߣҲʼһ
Ҳ֪ܾвͷĵط
ͣһ£ȻͣȻûзʲôĵطܾ⣬ղɳʱܾһڱҡ
֮Ҳһñ£֪ģôͣȻ޷ʲô⡣
׼ô죿
ô죿ǲ˵¶ǺãҾסˣҵҪʲôǰ񡣡
ðɣҲֻˣҿ˵ãҿɲˣҼһҹû˯
ĿһۣȻ¶һ˶Цݡ
Щ˼Ȼ̧ͷ˵Ϲʲôѵ̸ѽ㺢ӶôˣһûأҸŮˡ
úúãҴ˻Уϰԭһء
Ǹ̬ȻһؾˣһβҪĴ󡣡
˾»صɳǰʼ̸лžǵ¶
ʱƺܿ͵ϡ
һξ룬Ҳûа취ֻڱһЩպϡ
ãȻϰ岻סǳıȴǸ˫ŵģĶŵʲôȱ
֮󣬿һӣۿʼܣʵܲˣȥ˯ȥˡ
ڿ֮УֻʣһˣȻĶŵӡ
һͻȻ̨ͨűˡ
͵תͷȥǱ߿ȥʱעĻͻ֮ᷢзŵ⡣
ķ֮£ʲôûУֻйı򿪵ķš
վ̨ȥűĴ˿Ȼûзʲôĵط
ͻȻתͷȥϹǷȥ
ֻǷںڰ֮УԵøӵɭһ޵˻֮ʱǰʹĺС
вûк£һ˷ܣҾ֪йŹ֣ڲزס˰ɡ
˵ʹǰеǸ˻ȥ
ǻûеִǷ͸оһķϴġ
оǳĹ죬ǰҲйǾάռУоõǹɴﵽ
΢΢һЦûֹͣǵеķӿԼϣȻ͵ץȥˡ
㲢ûдֱӾʹ
͸оһɹεʼãϿʼ͸߽ϵķҪͬԼͬࡣ
ڵɵķǳǿ󣬶ʵȻͣɨȴ޷ҡ㡣
İִӻг˻ȻŻ˻еˣ˵ͷȻͻȻ˵ɣҿˡ
仰ոյ˵꣬ͻȻ͸оһɼ֮ԼԺ
Ҫǣɼ֮ƵʷǳĸߣѾܹܵļޣͣε˼άҲʼû
ڷֲͷ֮̾͵ķһɹ֮ԺܿľͰ˳ȥ
ǵһû뵽⻭Ĺ죬ƾɵ֮Ȼ˵ֲǰзʦˡ
ǲ׼ˣڲ£Լֻǽ⻭̽һ̽ˡ
һ룬Ȼϥɳ֮ϣ͵һԾ塣
뿪֮һУм뵽֮ڡ
ŵıһ㣬ǰѷɽʶʼͣε
ҲΪԷһһԼ겻ڣԼôûб˵Ǹˡ
Ȱźһ֮ǰһƮֱӾû뵽ǷС


473 
ոսǷ͸оԼһȫڵĿռ֮С
ֻһ˲ĸоӦһ֮оڿռ֮вźڰһɹǺںɫҺ塣
ЩںɫҺ壬׺ںڰ֮вôԡ
㷳ղûзʲôֵĶʱͻȻֻռ䷢˾޴ı仯һɹɶֵĹʼռ䣬άȿʼ
һĻǴܿľͻʧά֮УռΪһ塣
ȴһǵɣϾͿԴάĿռ䣬άȵûа˺ꡣ
Źʮӵʱ䣬ռƽ
ͻȻ֮䣬оһԼƮš
տʼʱǳСǹһͿʼô̶
оһ֣Ҫ֪άĿռ֮Уάռڵôڣ
ȴ񶨣ȷȷʵʵĳĶС
ԽԽ̶ǰҲ˻þֻǰտʼʱŨŨĻ֮濪ʼճȻһʺѪҺ
лתѪҺƽʺ죬һְɫ
ЩɫѪҺͣŤΣǿĳΪһΡ
ǿΪεĹǰ㣬ſ˹췢Х֮
Ƿͻϻŵļһģһ
ü͵ͳ˿ԼǰצĹһ
ǰĿﾹȻûκεãֻǷһƣɨͰ
Ǹ͵һȻʧǰ͸оԼı˽Ķ
ĸоҲһ͵ĻͷȴֱʲôûС
һ£Ȼһڿ̷һХ浴߰˸
Щһռ䣬̾ͷ˷ܵĲȻǲĿʼռ֮Ҵܡ
ЩǿģͨԸоЩһļ
ռ俴ǳˣһƲסԼ
΢΢䣬¶һ˿ЦݣȻһЩʼ˿ռ֮УѰڰĵˡ
ܿЦˣΪоԼͷųЩȻǿռеĹһɡ
Ǹ˼֮ԱøǿˣȻųһεѹҪȫռ֮С
ǲϲ
ҪʵʵڰأҲһʱҲ㣬ھȻǰ¶٣ô͹ֲˡ
뵽֮һᵤ﷨巽ʹ飬Ƽ̳ԾΪǲȥа뷡
㵤ķʼ𵴣εĲʼռ䣬֮һĵ⡣
ֶһ㡣
һָȥЩеĵ̾ͿʼŽռ䶼ε硣
֮£ǸҲ޷ˡ
ֲֻԶһɫʼ𵴣ǸֳΣȻǸѪɵΡ
֣̾ƶǹͰȥ
žһӿֱӾʹϡ
ǸŤһ£Ƿһĺ
бѾɢʼƮĺɫȻ͵һգص˹ڡ
ǸַŤȻ͵ɢȥȻռʹ»ɵǸںɫġ
ռı仯оԼĸӦѾʼģ
͵ĵԼɵķʼӿԼ壬Ҫǿռ䷢𵴣ȻԼϵ档
ռȻ޷ֵȫ緢ĵɷⷨʼռ䣬ռҲʼòȹ
һĲռ䷢һơ
ЩɫҺҲ˿ռ©ƴЩѷӿȥҪԼ޲ռȱݡ
ѷԽԽ࣬ǺɫҺҲ޷еѷ졣
㿴Ѿˣæٴ䡣
ڣ޺ƽ٣֤ͨ⣬Ω۶н⣬ӳ֮֮ţأȺգ飬йͬӭʹ飬ɥ־Σ۽ڣ֣̳ͥ
һظҲʼŵĽ⣬ЩԽԽʢĿռ䡣
ڿռҲѷ죬Щ⾹Ȼ͸Щѷ䵽ߡ
ʱڱ֮л˵ĻͻᷢǷĻ棬ڲǹѪɫӰһ
ڿռ֮УѪɫҺѾһѷ֮Уֳ˼ʮ꣬޷ںһ
һó˿һֵҺ壬͵ľʹ˹ȥ塣
һؿǼˣһƴҺ֮ϣҺ巢һ̶ļ֮ȻεⷨĲ뵽˿֮С
һ̾ƮһźɫӰӰƮǿһѪҺɵΡ
ǰǲͣķʹĺ֮
⺿֮ڶ㲢ûκε˺㴫һɹɵϢ
϶Ϣ֮УǴ˽
ոʱڵһңҲ֪ǲǾ⣬ÿʱܸоһĿռ䡣
Ǹռ䲻ͣɢֵԣĥꡣ
ʵʹ಻Ĵ˷״̬ʱȻԼѪΪī֭⸱Ļ
Ʒ֮λ̾ɱˣҽԼȫԹ뵽˻֮С
Ҳ֪ʲôԭȻĳأȻʼĳռںϡ
Ѿû˼꣬ţҲʼУͣİ
ܶ˵֣ÿһǰ
Щ˵Ҳûѣ䶼ᱻ뻭гΪϡ
ˣŷ޾Ȼ˴ȴ
µȻûһ˸
ʩϰԼŷԪͽ뻳УǿһѾоͷˣҪϿ֣űʩϰ塣
˽˴ŵľ֮һĻϲȻԱ˵ǴǶԼ˵ȴǴĺ¡
ֻҪԼܹôԼͿԵõһĿռ䡣
ռ䲻ܹŶܹɱУֱǾӼбرļƷ


474 ջ
ϲʱֵַı仯ЩѾѷ֮еѪҺȻʼͻƽҪǿеںһ
ѪҺںϣֻæٵĻӶԼļѪҺʹ˼ơ
ҲΪѾշһѪҺԶѪҺʶԿ׵ľͽѪҺջص˿֮С
£ѪҺִӿй˳
ѪҺûԭһΣǰɵ㶵վŵǸѪɫӰٵƮ˹ȥ֮Ϊһ塣
ѪҺ룬ǸѪɫӰʼʵҲղƮƮʵ
ôһ󹤷ĹѪҺҲʼµںһ
ڽĿ֮£ȻڳΣȻһط޷ǿеͻơ
ںĹϣҲշźɫѪӰûʲô
һָǹıշĺɫѪӰǰһƮ˳ŽֱǸӰȥ
źɫĹͿʼΪһ壬һһȴôг
ֻɫӰͣĿʼŤһظ϶һԴһڽ϶һֻ֡
ѾҪȨ
ҪľֻҪǶԷ˲ԼԼͺʩչǡ
ֻ㿪ʼ̤Ŀռ֮Уصߡ
һͨռеѷ죬оڤڤһڿռε
㿪ʼʦģ׷˻꣬ķꡣ
꣬ϲһɹɵĲķʼ
ֹ֮УԼ֣ǺɫӰһС
žһǿǸɫӰҲ޷ֿžͻһѪӰС
ѪӰȻУǲûЭʼͣãڻһշĹڲͣǣʹ޷롣
ëë壬ϼʣޡͷڣ¡ƽ𹳡аնաǿնףʦ˵
еʦ䣬һֻ̾伢
ǵɵˣһϾӦžһǿ͸صϣӸγȽڡ
͵Լ֣ԼϵǸѪӰһġ
һ֮£ε͸ģ뵽ǺɫӰ֮УǺɫӰвͣĹһӾʹɢʶΪһǡ
շǸѪӰȴûܵһ˿˺ǳһռĿȨѪӰΪһµĸ塣
ѪӰµһ˲䣬ռµİ͸оĿռ˴š
ȻǸѪӰҲԣʼͣĴһɹɵʶ
֮У֪ҪϿռ޲Ļܿռͻɢ֮УΪС
ԼյõıȻܵˣǰĵ˵ͷǸѪӰ֪̾˼Ȼʼ͵ţһŵѪҺʼһѷ֮ϡ
Ҳһ֣ջ˽䡣
ʱĿռִ»ɵĺڰ
Ҳ֪ʲôԭڰ֮оȻܽռ俴
ֻռһŵѪҺڲͣ䶯ҲһĺɫĹâռ֮˳ѷƮ
źɫĹâһƮɢռĴСѷ죬ʼ
ʱƣǿպɫĹâȫʧ֮ռͻ̮
źɫѪҺͣӿǺһѷ죬ʼı޲
һѷ죬Ҳȫ޲
ȵǺɫѪҺΪһ壬ǰʱŷɫĹӰǰʼ࣬һܽɢ
Ӹղ޲ѷ죬ЩɫѪӰҲ˷ıԴ
ɫѪӰ˵ǳҪռŦһΪɱУɲܵˡ
һеĿ̾ʹӿ֮йʮЩһڿռ֮УѾ˼ֻ͵ѪӰ֮ȥ
ѪӰţһӾͽʮһһŤѪӰµĻΣǰ
һѪӰ࣬Ҳʼʵ
ĵ˵ͷȻҲѪӰ͵ؾһͺܿռ䣬꿪ʼٵĽάܿľصάռ֮˿֮ڡ
ԼӦĿռ䣬һǰһƮʹ뵽Լ֮ڡ
ɳϥ壬۾
ȻվڿзķɽһУǷɽϾص˽֮ڡ
һ֮һתͷǽǹŵĹĻ
⻭Ȼԭһɢһ˲ĲⲨһ㣬Ʈɢȥ
ߵ⻭ǰֶŻ񣬾һС
Ȼڻ֮ƮŵѪӰ̾ʹӻ֮Ʈ˳ԡ
ʱŷ⻭ѪӰ
ԭȵʱѪӰ޷뿪ǸĿռ䣬ֻǽ˵뵽ռ֮УܹɱС
㽫ȫĿƣѪӰܹάռ֮С
Ҫ֪ѪӰά˵άС
ֻҪǲ޳ɵɵĸ֣޷άռ֮УôѪӰ˵еķˡ
ɵĸˣʹУƾάҲԺܿάά֮׷ɱ
ĸߵ˵ͷܿɻıڼǰƳɵġ
ΪǴѪӰеõһЩϢγȫһӻԼѪɵġ
һͨͨôܹͨߵγȣܽάٻάλĸĻΪһ塣
һ룬Ҳ벻еĶأֻǷˡ
ôţ㻹ǲģ۾һת˰취
ֻ֣ѪɫӰһӣѪɫӰʹ˻ص˻УǷҲʼŤһƴСƮ䵽С
ٿǽϹŵǷѾӰֻһյĻš
Ȼ͵һ֣ǸҲƬ˵ϡ
һеǷǷС̾ƮһɹɵѪ˿Ҳ˵ϡ
գ۵ĹǸĻֳˣϸĻԵƽƽ˸оֲ


475 ɱ
ڰźһ֮ĵͷȻһǷҲط˯ȥˡ
ڶһ磬ʩϰ˱һĵġ
ڽ֮ʩϰԾ͸оǰĲͬ
ǰʱʩϰܸоľսʲôһȴһˣڽ֮󣬸оʮֵƽͣûʲôоµ
ʩϰһϲӦýˣһҶˡ
ʩϰͿ첽˿֮УһֿȻԭȵӣǷŷĻѾ飬ڵϡ
ʩϰһľʱǸ˵⣬ʱţ쿴Ȼϡ
ʩϰڿгʱһŲ¥𣬽˵˵ЦЦ¥
ʩϰһϽͷǰӭ˼
Ҳʩϰ壬ϰ徹Ȼ¥ԱӭԼҲܳϿǰʩϰǰ
ʩϰ壬ôѽ
ⲻǵһߵ𣿡
ѾĿ֪ϵ飬Ц˵ʩϰģⷿеѾˣӽ֮㾡ܰסʲô¶ˡ
ʩϰҲصͷǣղһҾͷֺǰͬˣȻͨһ־ͽҵ鷳
ʩϰ˵֮󣬻תͷĵЦЦ
Ҳֵĵ˵ͷ˵
Ҳͺ˵ˣʩϰ̾ȥ˶ͣȻԴڸľһ죬ʱ򣬲ɳͻTС
˺ʩϰ֮󣬿ʩϰĳ˸٣ſҪȥ
һ߿һԱߵ㡣
Ҫؼңȥۣ
һڻһҪ飬ǾǽܿɵtеЩʦһ򾡣ܹؼȥ鷳
˵Ȼص۰ɣһеҪ졣
Ӧһһת̾ʻǰ۵Ĺ·ϡ
һСʱ֮ɫŰʱ˵ۡ
³֮кϾڵϢһҹɣڿȥȫ
ȴû³ǰ˰˵һСԼˣʧԣˡ
ҲͲ˵ʲôˣԿĳ˳С˹·ſŽ˵ۡ
һ֮нһǸһļ֮ϣֻСֱͷ˺һ
ҲֵЩܲˣæԴЩο޴»˴֮С
㣬ȻͻصԼķ֮ڣϥ
ȵƽͣеϢȫƽҲʼ˶һĽ⣬ʼϾۼ
һؾۼĽǳ٣Բԭһܿľ뵽֮ڣԱ߲ͣǻ
˺һԽԽŲ鲻Ը˳öŶ룬ĵ֮ڻɵķ
һֱ˴ʮСʱȵٴ۾ʱѾ
ĳһȻЩ̾λĹԽԽɭˣٶҲԽԽˡ
¼֮󣬼ʹܹ»صҲֻܹǱַĲתҪǧѡ
ԼǸϿλ飬»ȥɣҪ黹ԼϿ޳ɣλ棬Ȼ
ɽµұһ緹
֮յ˴ίᡣ
һίĴžͿڰʲô顣
ڴίԺǰдǼʲôģ֧鿴˸Ͻվк
ˣ쵽
Ͻ߼˴֧ԱߣͷеֽһԭְǼǱ
ⶫüͷһ壬ǸϰĲǨˣĻҲôͿʼұӣйˡ
֧鿴ıҲЩΣӽеְǼǱϣȻıһߣ˵ҲҪңⲻҲû취𣿡
΢΢ĿǴ֧һۣȻµ˵֧飬ܿҪ֧ˡ
֧һ㶣Ȼ´һ㣬ĬĬһȻ˵ϣ飬⳧Ӱ֮ɺã
㡰ߺߡһЦҼֲôʱ䣬ϾԱһأӦ
˵֮Դ֧һף뿪ˡ
뿪ί֮ͣһ£תͷɽ˺ֵӣҡҡͷ
֧һ£ʱֹͣϰЭ֮˵
ڿûʲôҪˣЩǰǼǵ˿Ҫջϲһˡ
֮һҡĻĵȥˡ
ʱܿľһθʦ㣬׼ط֮
ǻûе뾳ķϾʹ΢춯
۾ζؿݶһۣȻ˴̾͹ͨڴ֮еǸޡ
нһһС޾ѾɵķžһҽУһ˴ӷˤ
ʱſߵԺУֻԺˤһµˡ
㿴˵ӣֱ顣
ⶼʲôˣ˴ҹ£֪ǲǿС˵Щˡ
ԺеǸ˼ˣһͦͱ
һΣ˴ԱߵӺߣ֮ӻͳǹһǹ
ҲЩˣʱ䳤ˣִɱǹ֧ˡ
ˣȵӵǰʱ㶼ûзӦ;üһۣʲô
ʱ㻹˵ʲôֻҧһԼıǰѱһ뿪˽ʣȻֱǸ˵ͷ
Ǹ˼һǹ㣬žǹ
һ˷ټ֮Ӧٶ̫ˣڶԷһ׼ʱͿʼƶǹȫա
ʱķɽҲ䵽˵ǰֻɽһǸ˵ֱ۱㱻ǹҲֵıϣ˵ϡ
žһҽУǸԼֱڵϲͣİС
ڣſʼлᴦԼ˿ڡ
ֻ˿ϻһ䣬žͿʼԡ
ճһֳֽͣ޵ţȶϳˮֹסѪѩɽͯѩɽͯӵѩɽֹͯ϶ɣǣ̫Ͼ뷣
ϣҽڵ¡
ţ;Լļʼ΢΢ķ飬ļͿʼ䶯ںϣȻ󣬾һĵ豻˳
󣬼ϵʹҲʧˣղڻѪֹھȻͣˣϵ˿ھȻٵĽ裬ȻҲˣȫʧˡ


476 
Լ˿ڣƵߵǸ̿͵ǰýȻʵʲôģ
Ǹ̿͸Ͳ㣬һֱԼ֣ڵϲͣķ
㡰ǺǺǡһЦҿ㻹ʵɡ˵ĺõĻ̸ˣҪȻĻѪٶȣûһСʱûˡ
Ǹ̿Ļһ£Ȼѵ̧ͷһۣһҧ۲ˡ
㿴̿͵΢΢ҡҡͷɲִĴ̿ͣΪԼǹŴʿء
Ҫˣƶеǰ취㿪ڣں˵ûǲ˷ѹҪĲʶȤǾ͹ֲˡ
˵ʱһͺҪӡ
Ǹ˿ʰڳģټϸղŷɽϮԼ龰֪Ҫٲ˵µʱԼҪƤ֮ࡣ
ֻ˵ܹŹҡ
۾һϵľ˵ģֻҪ˵ʵ̸ˣͬʱ뿪
Ǹ̿óŵ۾һ£һȻ϶˵һ˵ίǰɱ㡣
һ֪ǽܿɵ½ǻˡ
ҲµһԼͶԷȻѹ˶Էλħ
ԷΪԼǿڷκβԼִɱԼ
⻹Щʲôʲô˵
Ǹ̿ͱ۾˵Ǹ׼1000ĳѾյ300ҪҪȥɡ
һ£û뵽ԼȻôֵǮԷȻ1000ҪԼԴ
˭ҪǮЩʲôط
Ǵ̿ͳһ£ᶨֻ˵ʮһСɽңǻĽףȻǰ뿪½
ĵ˵ͷȻͻȻ֣̿͵ͷ­һġ
Ǹ̿Ͼͻ˹ȥ
ӻȡȻһһС˳
Ǹ̿һָС̾˼Ȼǰһˣ͸Ǵ̿͵ϡ
Ҳܹ̿רҵѵһֱǼᶨСȨܳʱ䣬СռϷ磬̿͵Ѻ״
СƵĴӵվȻӦһ壬һιǰ
ʱǴ̿Ͷ˵У֮Ŵ̿͵ֱֱۣӰֱ֮ϡ
Ȼһɷ⣬ɷ⣬ɷ⣬ֹϴ󳤽СֹСֹѪϬţǾֹѪһ⣬ۺϷ⡣
꣬־ȻʼðѪ󽻲һ
ſֵʱ򣬶ԷĶ֣Ȼµĳֱ֮ϡ
վĵ˵ͷȻСԸǹǰߴ·
ǸСĴ̿ͣ˽ŵµǹ֮վһԽԺǽ֮䵽Ժߡ
Ҳ󣬷ԺӣŷԶȻͣһĦг
һҲۿǻɽҰ룬ҪƾߵµһĹ
ǸСĦг֮㿴˿˼˵ǲǺһߡ
һ£ȻгԼûбҪ÷ˣһԾԾĦгĺ֮ϡ
Ħгٵɽʻȥ˴һСʱһɽǰͣ
ǰߵǸСط𣿡
СԴӸ֮̿󣬾Ѿ̿͵ļ䷭һ飬ʻæĵͷ
һ£ȻŴ̿˵ǹǱҪʱ֧Ԯ
̿æĵͷ֮󣬽Ħгغãǹĵɽ֮дȥ
ڴ̿ʧ֮Ҳһǰȥˡ
ոյĽɽ꣬ûҵطͻȻֻɽ֮оͷһ𶯡
Ȼ͸оɽ귢ı仯˵λ棬ΪһĿռ䡣
һϾ֪Լ˶Է
֮ԶһĲҽУһ֪Ǹ̿ͷġ
Ѿǰˡ
Ǵ̿ǰɱԼֻǶԷһնѾǳǴ̿Ͳɹɴ̿ǰȥֻԼɽ֮С
̾һԼ̫ˡ
ȻԷѾԼǾûбҪˣվżأɽмƮȥ
ǵɽ֮תһȦҲûзֵ˵ټ
üɲŶԷܹѾĿռ֮⡣
ҪǶԷµĻûбҪʩչС
ôǶԷʲôԼ˸
Ȼ㲻ҾͰҳ
뵽ʱӻȡ˿֮һӣ̷ų˹ĺ̡
ϸĻЩȫһɫɡ
Щ֮һ֮󣬱㿪ʼɢһĶɽ֮пʼͣε
ſзĺԽԽ࣬Щ̻ɵĶѾûж˶Ŀռ䡣
ЩѾɽȣֻɽµĵطûбռݵġ
΢΢һЦôǲصʵǱҷ˰ɡ
ǸûжĵطȻǲЩԸԼʦ
һԷȻǸطûгüȻ󣬽ŵУȡľ⡣
ľԴһν֮㻹ʹãһǿǡ
ֻ㽫ľ߸ߵľٹԼͷȻԡ
巽ʹ飬Ƽ̳ԾΪǲȥа뷡
ոյһ꣬ѾλĿռ䣬߾Ͳһĵ⡣
ЩһӴСλڣСھͼֲסһӾͱ򴩡
ִĵ䵽Ǵյ֮С
Ȼͼһĵ˸žһʲôˡ
֮һĲɫâǴյ֮ɢܣžģӰ֡
˴ʱſǴյ֮ϣվλ׵ˡ
㿴֮ЦЩڻǱһȻſķʦۣЩʦѾһһǵϡ
ϼλΪأ
Щķʦݺݵĵһ㣬һʶ׶ʦվ˳
㣬֪㷨ǿ㿴һЩķʦʶȤĸϽԷϷȻĻʱס꣬ڵУܼ尾
ߣ˵ĵǺϵĹô
׶ʦԼҲЩûƢһԼ㽻֣ҪٻǸħԼһжԸˡ
һȴһˣԮأ˺һЩ˵λʦԶˡ


477 ˹
׶ʦһ仰ЩϷʦҲ͵Ʈȥ
ǾͰڳһƣһķλʼվá
üЩķʦ֪Ҫʲô
뷨֮УЩķʦӦȻٻħ
ڿǵӣǶһ
ԳַǿԲûнЩ˷վͿЩ˶ҪһƶԷʹʲôֶ
λʦչ̶ķλվֿ֮ʼֵĶͣĹ
Щ˵Ķ׶ʦϾȻһĲ
ⲨضԣԽԽǿʢ
տʼǲģʱƣĿʼüͷΪȻ˵ǿ󣬵ȴǳĸߡ
һĳ̶ȣҲòˣܹŶԷôʩչȥˡ
һ
⣬Կã뷡
һϣǱѾȱڵĿռߣһαƣŵȱֱӾ£ֱм׶ʦ
ǻûеȵӽ׶ʦߣ㱻һźڰ֡
ڰ֮У̾ʧκǱڰͬһ
һ⵽ʲôȻܽԼ绯ΪУ
ʱЩʦﻹûֹͣλ׶ʦѾԭ̬ӣѾһӢˡ
λһֱǱ۾ڵȴʲô
ҡҡͷ͵ǰһԾǰѱҲɳ˽ʣȻǰ߸·
ǰһץץסǷɽĽ֮һɷӿɽ֮С
ڽɽ㿪ʼķȻͻȻǽʢ󻯳һ磬ֱм׶ʦ
ڷɽҪٷ׶ʦǰʱǸѾҪ˵׶ʦͻȻ۾
һ˫ʲô۾أȫĺڰеֻҪ˿һۣ̾͸оԼһжҲҪ뵽˫۾֮С
ǰѷɽǱһٶһμӿ죬ֻ֮һû뵽˫۾ɵĺڰ֮Уʧ
ҲһԼҲΣ֮£Ҳҵֻ͵һͣԼȻ󷢶ʼάֻһ˲䣬άĿռ䡣
άռ֮Ÿоǿʧˡ
ʱά㣬ٿάռ飬һ
ԭ㷢׶ʦںǴάռ䣬ȴһڶȴŸߵάȡ
Ǹγһǿͣ˳ڶû뵽׶ʦ֮С
ֲ׶ʦڱôԭв֪oǰ
ԭί֮ŷġ
ҲĴҲԭġ
ϹŵʱڳһССĵжԶӶԶˡ
ڿĩʱڣЩoͨҲܰٵλ棬ֻͨ׶ʦ壬һͶ䵽ϡ
ܵЩǿһ̶ȡ
ڵĵ˵Щ޷вġ
ڿԷĵϸ֮΢΢һЦ֮󣬾ͽάռ֮չֻһ˲׶ʦĸ֮ά̽ƣʼŪ׶ʦĹ
ʱ׶ʦλʦͻȻоԼȻˣô£޷һ˿
м׶ʦüͷһ壬ָֻڰһ㡣
̾ǰһֵĺŽǣ׶ʦĶźŽ
ոյ£ǺŽǾͷһЩһɢܿľʹ˸Ĺλʦ·ֵ
άռҲһ㶣ȻϸĹۿǺŽǣֻŽǱǴάʱգǣʵǴάάļз֮С
Ϊֵ״̬ŽǵĹ漰άά
ЦЦȻָһβռеĹ
Щʦ͸оǸĿʼѸٵɢʧûж೤ʱ䣬һռ侹Ȼ״̬
һЩʦһ޷ˡ
޷ݵ⣬ҪЩʦͬʱоԼʼ޷ˣһǳģѾʼԼĺǺҪѺĴ˺һ
վм˴ʦһֵ״̬ȻûпȴоڤڤһͣӿԼ壬ȻǳΪһҪĶ
ڿԼͬ鴦޷Ҳֻ̾˿Ȼ͵ǰһԾڰ֮д£ڿȴһꡣ
׶ʦĻںһɺڰͣĻʴš
Ҳ˲ЩˣֻһͿʼάܿľҲάĿռ䡣
֮׶ʦĲŪһƬĿ¿ʼǼλʦǿԺˣһҲֲ֧ס̱ڵء
ڵ׶ĻǴάĿռ֮УڵǸͣڰĺڶһҵıܿľռĶ֮һ
ڵ׶ʦҲʼıĮһoڸܵء
һüǲһ㣬Ƿ˵ı顣
Ҳ˼ЩֻĲŪԼԵĹ
ԾͳһƣЩƿʼɢǱֵĵطֵĹâ
ЩâǳʴԣеĹͶʼŹâͬ
Եģ̫ҽּɵһĹ⡣
ΪԷõںڰԣֻʩչŹͶԷԿ
ڵ׶ʦѾڶΧɫҲʼӵƽϲ޻
ڶ˴ʦ֮󣬾ΪŦͣţһᣬĸȻһԺڰ
֮ڣ׶ʦıԿ֮⣬һжûټ
ʩչͨڰĿǣǺڰӵý⸽ʱ򣬾ȻסˣҲ޷ǰһ
ΪɣѾˣ׶ʦѾһ֪Ĵȫռݡ
Ǻˣ
˶˹
Ȼ㲻֪˹ʲôˣֻ㲻ľͽյһֵϢϢȥ
ϣ֮кڰĻǻ񿨶˹ĶӣҲǵһ֣ȵĵط
oʹ磬Ҳһ˲Ĵܡ
٣ôӵĻᶼûУֻǶԷһҪ
ϧѾҷڴڵֻ޾ʱ֮У


478 ǧһ
oʹֻһӰ˵Ҳзǳѹ
ڵҲ׼ԼʵˣֻһͿʼ͡
һѾ100ס
Ҳеڵλ棬ȫʩչصͨ
˹ʩչͨҲһ
Զŵʱ򣬼λoʩչͨ
Ǹʱ򶫷ʢʱȻЩo˵Ѿˣǵ˶Ҳֻв
˹гԣͨ
ڸͲͶԷϻͨһʩչϱǰһֱ˹
˹ԼĻشҲЩ߳ŭ
ݺݵصһۣٳԡ
֮㽫ʧںڰ֮С
һ仰ڰռ俪ʼžǿеţԵǹʼ޷ֵԷʼѹ˺СһƬΧ֮ڡ
߰ףͬʱܻһֵĲǺڰȻͣѹԵĹâǵһ̶ȴҲ޷ټˡ
ʱѾ˶Էǰ
˹ŷٽӽ㣬̾һȻʼ޻άռһֵĹΪһ壬ʧ˵
ڿӽԷʱȴֶ˹ʧˣ̾ͣ˽ŲȻʩչۿʼܹ
ķ֮УռȻǿյģҲԷӰ
㿪ʼʱͻȻռ֮У޾պڰ֮һŤ͸оռ俪ʼѹ
Ͼ֪ãæٴηصͨ͵ٴϷٵͣûһͳ˼ɵĴС
ߣѾ㷨صļˡ
ʱһάռѾѹһļޣϾҪͷ
ҲʾֻһȻ̧˫־ȥ
ֻ顱һѹĿռ䣬Ȼ˫ָסˡ
ָоһѾѹϣ˫Ȳľһ£ƾһǿ־㾹Ȼһֱӣռ䲻ⳤһ
ռ֮ѹһοʼ
ͣѹĿռ䣬ȫʩչԼķصֱֻͨ۳ŵֱֱġ
Ͷ˹ʩչԼı죬άռ֮γһ֡
Ͼֻǵ֮Զ˹ȻЩ·硣
ʱƣоԼصͨѾʼٹһʱ¾֧Ųסˡ
ѹĿռ֮Уʱ˶˹
ſΪף³֮ϣΪµ񡣡
ҧص۾ûлشˡ
ΣĹͷλ˹һĲҽС
㱻ֵЩԷǷʲô񾭣ۿžҪԼԼҽʲô
ԭʵѾʧȥܹ֮⣬λʦԼ׶ܽԶŵʱ֮ǿе˳
ϾѾʧʷ֮Уڴȫŷʦǿķ֧ţo֣ҪǿǺˡ
ЩʦѾǺĸԼҲ֧ŲסˣЩʧǺڰ־һαʷţ޾Ԩȥ
˹֮ԷҽУΪԼϾҪɹˣֻҪǶǸСӦԼҪϾͿԷֳһ־СϣĻۣҲԴ´ʷһγΪo
ǾؼʱЩħʦȻ˵Ĳһ񣬵ȵһĻỹ֪ʲôʱ
Ŷ˹ʷȥάռֿʼ͡
ʵѾǿ֮ĩάռֹͣѹǳһ
;һǷѾҲ޷άסˣֻһıãɵܿľһ˵ĴС
ȵ»ָܶʱֻԶһ̯ɫѪҺάռ֮вͣƮš
㷢ѪҺ֮Уһ־ǿеľۼ
ͨЩ־ɢϢ֪׶ʦãֻҪ¾ۼһȻ޷ٳΪ࣬ƾЩ־Լ̲ѪԼάռ֮ƮҲĳһܹõʲôԵ½άռ֮С
ôԼĵ˼ȥһ־̾͹ͨڸĹ򣬽žһŵĻƾղȻ̯ѪҺ֮ϡ
ЩǴʥһӴѪҺѪҺ׶ʦĲл꣬ͷһĲҽУѪҺʼŤȥҪܻ档
ôҽкͶܣǻӰֺ޴ڣһˣһ̲һֱ̯ѪҺͣڿռ֮Ʈ
һ̯ѪҺļСѪҺ֮еĲҽѾʧˡ
㲢ûΪʧֹͣһֱͨάռֵĹ򣬲ͣĽһŵĻ档
󰡣ѪҺǱյĻҷ
ǳһڶ׶ʦԴǰԼ鷳һֱԼͷ󻼣ǽʰˡ
㳤һȻάռ֮ٴơ
ֻάʱ֮УЩ׶ʦķʦڶһ̱ڵأվûˣղ֧λԶŵĴѾľȫеħ
ЩʦȷʵѾĸɵĴάռ֮зٵĽάά
ȴûз֣ո뿪άռ䣬̯ѪҺʧĵطһâ
âɢʥһλεš
ɢʥâ磬֮ͣһ£ȻҲɿĽάܿľάռ֮ŷ½һص֮Ǳ
һȫ֪㣬Ѿصάռ䣬Ǹɽ֮С
Ȼʧĵطû³çǰ鿴ЩѾ̱ڵطʦ
ԶԶվԶָŻɽεЩλ꣬һʼЩʦ
ЩĴεǣԴӱٻֻȷǼʦλñ㱻׵һԣ֮ء
ͬʱԶζͣȻҲһȿֺ
ǿȻǳǰ棬ͬʱڵԼǰСҲǷһĲҽУһԡ
ǿĹλʦǰֻðź⣬Ȼ͵ľⷨʦȥ
ЩʦȻѾľ˷ıȻڼħҪ̾͸óԼı


479 
ֻλʦϣðһЩֵǹâ
ЩȻǿǹâȻ赲⣬ʹ޷ڶλʦֺ
Զһе㣬¶΢Ц֪Щʦǲ־ܣһʲôѹ׵ı
ôȻˣЩʦǶк֡
ղԼ³çˣȥЩʦֶδһ£ʹҲˡ
ӻȡ˷ͷΣһס
Ƿͷ̾ͻһźɫĻ棬벻ͣŤҪɷ˵ģ
ǱλѹƣŻεŤҲ޷ɻˡ
Ҳֻ̾һȻеĻ棬λʦķָһ¡
ڰеĻʵ޷ɷ˵ӣҲˣžͰ˼͵һΪΪŻ棬ʦȥ
Ȼ޷ɻˣе־ȴȻڣټϻֵĹҲǿСƵġ
ʦһǿڵϣŷĺͻ棬ǻ࿴˿Ƕ¶һ˿Ц
һҲ̰ˣѪܿ˵ĲƱ˿֮ģĻҲǿС
ʱΪƾλԶʱںڰ֮µ䣬ܹɱǰĶʦ
û뵽ʹǿҲ޷ҡǶʦһ˿һ
Ҳǿʼƴʱ򣬷ĻǻĿ޷뿪Ƭء
ֻǸʩչԼͨ
еһʦֱӾͽԼһƿȻŰðź˵Ĺȥ
һʦҲǿдʣͲʼ͵Ĵӿ˳ȥȻһֵɫ档
֮ǿ˵ʩչԼȫֶΣΪֵܹ
ЩֶΣʵЩϲ̨档
Ҫ֪ǷͷΣʹǸʢʱҲһ˲õķ
οڵλĩʱڡ
ЩʦʩչͨһǰеĻ棬̾ͻɻҽ
ŻЩʦֶ֮󣬽žʦȥ
ʦѾûκεİ취ˣֻۿǻԼ֮ϣҽеʱ䶼ûзͱճ˻ҽ
ʧһɲǣӰӳ˵ء
һӰӣһϲԭʦꡣ
ʦԼµô;һʩ˵һǳõİ֡
ҲҵΪҪʱϵóˣһᱻλĥ
ֻһӣžһӵڣǵõʲô̲һ̾ͱ
Ȼ󿽹ӵĵڶ£һӣϾܱʲôһ񿽹ȥû뿽֮С
ŵλӶ֮󣬾Źâӿ֮й˳ڵһͻʦģ
ʦЩǲͬЩȻƣÿһЩľګ
ǰʦȻҲ״̬ѾεĿס񣬵ȴ۾һ˿⣬ǵ־ûбš
ĵͷȻһͿʼӦꡣ
žһɹɵϢڴԺ֮С
Ҫ֪Ĵʦ˵ħǿĸ
һѧ֪ʶֱ˵Ǻ̺Ϣڲͣĳˢ־
Ҳ޳˵ɣͨԲûб޾֪ʶû
ʹҲоһͷͣæʩչͨЩ֪ʶĳˢǴЩ֪ʶпʼȡԼҪ鱨
Ҫ֪ѪϳͬʱҪ֪ڽܿ˵
ܿҵԼҪģǽܿѪ弸ʮضӦ
Щ鱨֮ҲЩľû뵽Ѫ͸Ȼֵز
ܶҵѪ͸
һСֱӾͱܿ˼嵱˿ܣεĿС
Լܿ˼ļƻҪһЩıˣܾô³çĴȥɱˡ
һ£Ҫܿ˼壬͵ôڲݣôԼŵǸѪ²Ϊµ峤һԼܹѪ壬ܹõԴ
ҪʵƻҪľǽ¾ȳ
±ѹʦļвûв鵽
˵ⲢҪģֻҪȥǻ±ѹĵط100ڣ֪Է
̾һȻܿ˿ڳһЩҽ֮⣬ɽȲûܵƻҲûʲôۼһ
Ȼżһ֮ɵ˰֮УȻ󻯳һ磬뿪⴦ɽꡣ
뿪˴ŰСʱ֮ͻȻһʯϣмʯ˳¶һСɽ
Ȼһ˴ſ˳
һβѾ֧飬ȫմųԵ÷ǳǱ
ϣȴ¶һٺϲá
ղʵ̫ˣҪǸʿԼһû
ҿԼ飬ǰ˸ɽʯͷСסˣŶԷ̽顣
￴ǲܴˣϿŷ½ȥܿ峤
뵽͵һһɢһС߷˳ֱԶ
ǾСոշɳ˲Զľ룬һźڹ֣Ѹײڶ֮ƣ䵽Ǹڡ
ڿǰ۵𣬸Ͳ֪ȻΪԼƽ£ƴԼĳҪ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ǸѾɵòӰһɽ֮ϣͻȻռһ˸
㿴Զȥ¶һЦܿ˲߷˻µĺᣬû±
Լ͸һ֮֮
ڱҪʱ߷Ļºᣬڽܿ˵ĸͻλ峤һѸײڶĹ
ɽͣһȻһתοʼʧ֮С
ӰٴγֵʱѾ˵֮ڡ
ص֮ܺõ飬ͻȻֱ
ΪúõľɫȴһĹһɪԼ
̾һȻվڵ۵⣬ɽµұȥǸϰ壬ڲ֪ڸʲô
ԼܿҪȥŷ޽ܿ˵⣬֮ǰҪȰϰˣȻĻº󻼣ԼҲᰲġ
ΪĹֻһ·أܻһˮ
ȻߵѾˣⷨһ޷ڶԼв
ܲҲСƵģһҪԼ˶Լļ˲ǲ鷳


480 
ɫ磬ұЩӦûû𴲣Լٵһʱ䣬ȵɫ֮ٵұ˽֪Ǹϰ֣ҲҪ֪ס
뵽֮һڻȻ½˵ۣԼϥһν֮С
㲢ûʩչŵķӦ˷ŵ˶
֮Ҫ÷ŵΪڸղŵĴս֮УϿûܵʲô˺ʵڶԸλĺڰ֮ʱѾʼ𶯡
ϾԸĴܣʹֻʣһƲл̺꣬ҲڿԱġ
ͷλʦã޷ΪǲлṩƾͨԼ򣬾ܹ׵ѹ㡣
ʹλɢ˳ǿҲһ˿һֵѾ͸֮С
ֵڲͣͬҪеĹȫɺһĺڰ֮
ѧĵǸַЩ޲ߣΪŪϣűϾǲ˷һЩ
ɲϹ룬Ҫֻ֪ʼʱǴӷ֮ݻűա
ֻص˼֮󣬲ŽһЩһЩo
ڵʩչŵ˶ҪƽԼڵĺڰ÷ŵĹȱͬ
һҪʩչŵ˶ǾҪʱĶ
ȴһѾľ磬ܿľͽ˶ĳ
Ҳϲֵأһ֮УָоԼڵĺԼһֱʼûԾ
ڵǹɺڰֻԾ֮УȻ޷ЩӵȻʱѹסˡ
ֽ֮УǾǶϲֵأ
־֮УʵĺȫֹֻͣǻԾϢš
£ǺڰȻʧȥĲʼ˥
ȻоֻһɽϲãѾ˼ˡ
ֶȹ˶ϲֵأ
־֮ϲûˣøӵƽղŻԾҲʼð
弸Ѿһ̯ˮˮֵ̺֮ͣİеĳҪĹֳ
ִ֮н
徻أʱһûˣ徻ˣйҰʱһЩ磬ǻǸ߾磬δ⣬Ի㳬ѡ
ֵزѾļˣΪıֻǵ֮ûеõĽѡ
ҪһĶľ磬޳޺֮ʱҲͽɵľˡ
ʵ˵˶ʵҲĸټϺߵĸ磬ܹǰ˶
֮ĶޱߴʶޱߴдǷ봦
ĦûͨĵɾͷӵʱߵľҲֻе˷Ƿ롣
ΪĦ޵˷Ƿ봦Ȼýѣ¿˼ڤ룬ͨĵɾͷӡ
ҲҪΪǷ봦Ͳʲôľ磬޵زѾ˵ǵ˼ĶֻҪǰһܳɾͷӣֻسΪɡ
ڵ֮У޽Ѿľˡ
Ͽ¾ûʲôľ磬˵Щ׼ʥʥˣֻǶ׫ġ
׼ҲֻǸҳǡ޽ɲʱɼ˴޽磬͵޵ļˣϣ¾Ͳǳ֪ˡ
˵Щлˣ˵֮У֮УѾǲ˼룬ȫų⣬ڵеʼٵںϡ
Ǻɫ£Ҳʼɢһīˮ뵽֮һʧˡ
ⶨ֮УԵҲоԼľڷٵķɫ֮󣬸оȻһЩ
˴ʱһĴ֮˳Ȼ֮ǶǳȻų׵˳۾
ʱ㣬֮ðĹâѾһصɱ䡣
ȻһԣЩȻ˵ǿ󣬵ȴǳԣٻ޾֮Уһ֮ʼۡ
ʱ㣬ȻܹͨһԸӦľ֮⣬һصĿռЩڲͣ˵Ļ
λǳϤԶλ棬һʱյ硣
ҲһΣڵλӦ硣
ǰʱȻɵĴ磬һһ磬ڱͻһ֪
˳ȻϲΪֶһͨ
Ƕ˵飬ʲô¡
Ҫ֪޵˵Ҫһһ֣Լľ磬޵̫ӣԼģ޷ﵽߵı˰
˶ͨǷǳųġ
һȴǳļͣ㼸εʩչ̫ҽּ޷ԡ
̾һԼľ̫ͣ޷ҡԶŴһ
ϵѾȫᣬԶ˵̫ķֻҪھһʱ䣬ͻ½ݡ
ȵٴ۾ʱ򣬷Ѿ̫ˣմʱʱ̡
ӴվһԼĽǣٴγɽµұȥ
ұʱ򣬿ұԶԣѾʼɽ˺ƮʳƷжʽ
վüͷһУͻȻԱһ
Ҳѽ
ͷһ֧顣
΢΢һЦȻ˵֧飬Ĵӣôȥϯ̨ţй
֧Ƶ¶һ˿εЦݣȻֺõ˵ʹˣڶˣȥȥɡ
ͷ¿ϯ̨Ȼ˵ôӣϰӦûɡ
֧һ£֮˵ҾͲ֪ˣϰôǮˣԹɣҲһһ¾ˡ
˴֧Ļÿɷ񣬿۾ȴѾ͸˼׵ľ룬εĶϯ̨ϣŵǸϡ
Ǹ￶˵ʲôµĵʩԱԼĹˣҵĹƣܵ˼Ĺ衣
ͻȻ۾һϯ̨վŵһȺϣһѮˣȻͨȴϸоһ˿Ĳ


481 
ϵķǳϤ͵۵ڷʦ˵һޡ
ѵԼʰڷʦǰǰ
㲢ûн̫ĲģΪɣǸڷʦԼĶ֣οԼɾ͵ɣǰĹԼ
۲ķʦʱǸʦҲһ˿Ӧɻ̧ͷԶ˿
ķҪ࣬޷ڼȺ֮е㡣
Ȼûз֣ϷʦҲ˾֮ģֻĴȡһȻ󰵰ľ˵ϡ
žһ޵ĺɫͻȻǰһˣ˵ϰ֮ϡ
ɫ񲢲ҪᣬֻǸϰ֮ͰǱ
ǶǵһַСǱ˵ϣһ˶Ըʲô⣬С̷
Ҳ˶ûʲôӦǼȴһпǲɵ¶һ˿΢Ц
ţһΪжأڲſֻЩ
վԵǸ֧飬¶ЦݣΪ˱ŷ
ǾʱͻȻֶżϰץһ¡
ڿ˵ʳƷ֮ǰϰ壬ֻһιȻĴһս
վǸϷʦҲϰЩͷΪȻоʲôֵ鷢ڤڤһѾϰ塣
ܸϽǰһĵϰ˵ЩԣϿɡ
ǸϰҲһȰˣϷʦ˵Ļ֮̾Ϳʼβ仰֮ͽݽ
ٽβĹܿĿʽˣҲʼԿʼͷϵĹ
Ա߿һûʲô¶ˣ֧ǣصȥˡ
֮ЩУȵ붨֮ٴ۾ʱѾˡ
վԺеһɡ
˺һǳԱ˶һ͵İеһ̫֮˳
̫֮ͬһͬģһ޵Ļ
ӵģǰϰһ
Ϣ̫̫֮Լǿɻǿȡ
ֻһһ̫֮ʼ֮УһǹɻѾ÷ǳʵʹûзҲֵܹĿ
ʱִӻȡ˿ڰһӣ̾ʹӿй
ģЩʱֻǸСһǵ˵λ棬ÿһһĴ
ֻڵϹһȦֳΣȻĹǰʷԸ
㽫еĻһɻ̻ƣ䵽ֵǰ
ǳ˵ϢǺúøӦȻǰȥΪұѩޡ
ĻѪ۾һɻ˳ֵı뵽ǵ֮С
۾ʼϸĸӦͻȻ֮䣬ǵͷ­Ȼ180ȵĴת䣬Ŀһ
һ龰֪ˣǼԸ
ȥ֮Ҫܹܽ꣬
ܿ뵽ǸϷʦϷʦӦЩˡ
Ǹ˸һʦǲҪ̫ģǷʦ΢κβǣҪСķ
֮Ϊ֪ڵλҲֹٵʱǸʱӦı
еĿӹгġ
Ϊ㺦ǸϷʦҲһ˵ĶԲŸѡ
˵Щ֮ӵĻ֣˸ͷȻ󻯳ɵ̣Ʈȥ
ȵԶ֮ȻЩģܾܳ¡
һ˵ĻɹʲôˣѾ޳˵ɣȻͺһ˿Ӧ
Ȼģôʮа˾žͻᷢ
һ룬ͻȻתͷԵ۴֡
žһӵ۴зɳȻġ
еĽ˵С㲻س֣Сܳ£ٳ
ǽĻ˸˼£͵ķɵ֮֮֮ȥ
˵⣬˵С뿪˵֮󣬲ûϾ˳Ϣǰȥϰ塣
ұһҴܡ
ʵҲֲǣЩʱǶôڣԴӱշ֮󣬾һֱڿУѾôʱ䣬Ҫ˵ǲˣƭ˵ġ
һκò׳ܹ͸͸Ȼǲ̾Ͱ£֮ͻȥȻִڿǸط
ȴ֪ұеεұԵһլУѾ˸оǵĵ
⴦ı֮Уһ¥һ֮Уһڳ˯ˣͻȻ֮һͦ
֮󣬾Ϳʼڿʲô
һѾʲô۹͸˱ǽ˴ӵС
ȻǶˣҲãȰЩСʰˣʱҿʿʲôͨ
˵仰֮˾´ֱӵĿ˿֮С
ʱеĵͻȻˣžһģ˳˵ǰ
ʦʲô𣿡
֪ͨϰ壬ͷˡ
Ǹ˵ĻҲҵ̴Ҵҵ¥ȥˡ
˴ʮӣֻ¥һĽŲϰʹĸڣҴҵ˿
ϰһڿУⲽ̾У߼ԣʵʦô£
תͷɭĿϰһۣȻһһ˵ǸʿѽղѾɹһ߿ӦڶԷҪĺ¡
ϰ֮۾Ҳʼһ˵һϢˣˡ
˵仰Ͷ˵ǽͿ˼ҵˣֻҪ鲻ֵ˾֪Ҿܹƽ
Ǹ֮ĵͷȻϰ˵ǸʿЩµģƾһ˿»һܹһҪϰҵæ
ϰ֮һ㶣ǵʿ֮Ķһʲôϵ
Ҳɻǽ͵ϰҲҪСԼʱˣѪҺ֮оͺһɴ֮ЩС˵ȻĿǡ
ϰ۾һ˸Ȼһ롣
ĻֻҪܰôҶȻȫ
˵仰ϰֶֺõЦһ¡


482 
˵ϰ׼˵ڴתһȦֺģûʲôģ˳ŸӦֱӱԵǴ
ֻ֮΢ͣһ£Ȼ͵һһ˶߱һߡ
࿴˿ԺУ˳һϢĸӦֱ
ʱлмڣһⱣھ;һɨ
ȻⱣھˣͷѾˣȻѾŵûȻǿ򶨣ʲôҲûзһ
ڿһתһȦ֮󣬾Ҷ˷ſԱߵһӷȥ
ȻǽĹŷţǶ˵ȫǲһǴǽ
ոս˷䣬5ͿڷĴһˣ˿Ͼ֪ǳˣҲϾͻ磬ֱǸŵ˶ȥ
ϾҪ뵽ϵʱͻȻŴˣһͷżŷͽ˷䣬Ȼ󲻹ܲ˵Ǿⷿҵ
ͷͻȻҲһ
ֻһ˲ĻţϾȻҲǸͷڷиʲôһҪ뵽ϵǸ֮ڡ
ǣʱ򣬴ϵǸͻȻðһɹɵѪɫĹâһմֹâ̾ͺһ۵ĲҽС
ʱҲ֪첻ˣҲ飬Ͼ봩ǽߡ
ǵڣôףղǸͷǽķ䣬ãֻһĽ⣬֣ϱ˻
ͷվǽǣʱѾһľ
ֻӻȡһƿȻ򿪸ӣƿеĺɫҺ嵹ľϡ
ľͷųһͨ˿ĺɫâ
ɫĹâȻҫۣȴɢһǿ
âһգ̾;û̱࿴˿ж¶˺Ȼ֮ɫ
û뵽ԷȻлķҪˡ
Ǹľͷ龰ЦݸľԶԶľͶ˹ȥ
ֻһ˸Ȼ˵ƴĶǺܵǺٶȷǳĻÿɨС
ֻôһ¾ĹƮһܰǴɢ
ǳľͷ΢΢һЦȻӻȡ˼ŷ䣬˵ʶģӽԺҵĲǲȻĻǻɢ
ͷʹǹҲ̰֮ģѾֵزӦûԹԵ
һԺİ֣һҲ׬òư
Ԥϣֻǻ࿴˿¶˼ᶨ֮ɫ
һĺУ֮͵ľͷɵùȥ
ͷΪʤȯգԷЩɳˣû뵽ֵزȻơ
ǰʱŷֲ
ͷҲǶľ飬һȻ˸æң²š
ֻǵĽеļŷ˵£ȻһԼ·´һɫĹâ
âһ֣5ͺܵʲôһϱһִܻǽǣҲҶˡ
ͷһȻ˵вףҪһϵˡ
˵仰ͷͻӶеľֻһĺ˸һαУαÿʼ͸
ۿֻҪ£ҪɢʱͻȻһ⡣
һ˲ԣȻǽţЩɹĺ⣬һɨ̾ʧ١
ԶǸͷ龰ֻüͷȻ͵ĴӻٴȡǸƿ
ȻָֻպǺɫҺ壬ȻһһɺɫĹâֱеĽ⡣
ǸеĽĽޣǵ۵Ļ
ҲǴĺɫҺ壬ֻɨһۣȻһֱǺɫҺ֮ϡ
ȻǺɫҺ壬ͷһžðһ˿ʧ˰ա
ͷ龰ҲһҪ֪ڵƿѪҺϰϳġ
ȻϰѾǴ֮ȴʱģѪҺȻľͺһ˿ڹǿǡ
û뵽ɫĹǰȻ˲ӡ
ͷҲģ汾µģֻǿЩѪҺħġ
ֻлľдʡ
Ȼŷɢ飬̫Ԫ˷ʹȻ鱦ո죻Ǭ޴ǣ̫նаǧɽ䣬Ԫʼģһ飬ȴꣻ˺֪ţħף׻ɢų档ɱǧ
ڤڤоһǿɨ
ǽɫĻһɨϵĽ̾Ͱ
ҲoеһԱЩǿûʲôʵΣ
鷳ˣһɨ̾ͻɵļʧ˿С
޼龰ֻЩüȻҲﵢ飬ֻԱһԾͷɳʧˡ
ʱǸͷһȻЩæԱߵɳ¡
ղʩչѾڽʣķȫþˣǸ޻ǲݵĻҲֻˡ
ǽˣȻһЩ©ǸʿӦòټ׷ˡ
˵ǽ޷ֻһ־»ص˵֮С
ʱȻվڵ۵ԺУȴϢ
ǰ࣬üæһ̧֣ǽϡ
˴ʱŶϵǸޣȻȻظȴһ˺ۡ
ҲһҪ֪޿һһֶο˲ģôܵô˺
ǽϣί˳ֱļϣȻֱԴʹ˲䣬һ֮ǰҸ״
޿˵ͨѾ֪ǰ
û뵽ǸʦȻЩ£ȻȻְԼĻҲˡ
ֻ͵Ļ»סǸϰ壬Ͼ͸һⷨʦҲ֪ߵغ
뵽֮ǸޣȻĶ˵ģϾ͸㱨ȥϢɡ
ǽĻ̧ͷϸĿ˿ȻӵһҽС
˵ͷ˵ģѾ֪ˡȻġ
˵仰֮ǽ޺֮󻯳һ⣬䵽˵۵Ĵ֮ڡ


483 ӡ˷
˽֮ɫ̾ͱɭվڵԶԶĿɽұıһɭЦ
ӻһȡ˿ֻһǿ̾ͷų˹ĺ̡
ЩԽԽŨԽԽΧܿͽ۶Χסˡ
˺һЩ۳һСš
ʱˣܿ壬ЩһСĺɫŶһĹ֡
ڳЩ֣һһǧ
ĿЩ֣ȻԶıָָ˵Ͽǰȥɷһˡ
һҲ׼ܻϰˣֱӾһ
ǰеķԸ֮̾ڻ㵽һ𻯳ɵĹḷ́Ǳȥ
˵еǸͷɢͽ֮Ϣһ־ų
ոյһţͿϰһɫ·ڱڵм䣬š
ͷ΢΢һЦȻϰ˵ϰ岻ٺˣǵʿĹѾˣһʱҲܹʩչʲôˡ
ͷĩܹõĹѾ˲õĻԵˣʲôֶˡ
ϰһ⻰ǳһƿǰıͷǰסҡ˼¡
һζڴʦˣҪȻĻһᱻʿҪЮ֪Ҫʲôʧء
λڵķʦֻ΢΢ҡҡͷȻ̾һ˵ֻҪϰ壬׻ûźʿ棬û뵽ʿȻˣȻɳҪȡǵȻҲֻǺһ
ϰҲǺ޺޵˵ʿֱǲڵԱ߰һõ˵𣿡
˵۾һתȻ˵Ҿȥڽ̲ţҾͲˣû˵ĵط
ǸմʦҲĵ˵ͷ
֪½һЩصģЩǶôҲҪܵڽ̲ŵĹϽģһڽ̲ųˣı£ҲǶš
뵽ʱյĴʦ۾ҲǷųһ˷ܵĹâ
ֻҪڽ̲Ųֻ֣ܹ߽ʱ˵ûܹѩޡ
յķʦԭ˵ôӦǺʲôޡ
˷ܵԺôԸʱͻȻ֮ڱһĹ֮
յķʦһɫͱࡣ
ΪоͿжϳĹѾ˱ܣϾҪˡ
ֵֻĻƾڵܹˡ
ߵҲмٸ㼯ڵı£ܵĻᶼûС
ôĶǸϰҲֲͷˣŶڷʦ˵ʦô£
ڷʦüͷҧ޺޵˵Сʿû뵽ֵ¾ȻôĹ֡
Ƿʦڸô죿
Եķʦһ룬ȻͻȻؿԱߵļڣϰ˵ѾΣĹͷֻ˧ˡ
ϰ廹ⷨʦʲô˼ʱͻȻֻⷨʦеľͶԱߵһڿ˹ȥ
Ǳڸû뵽ʦͻȻԼ֣ˣֻü̧첲һ¡
ǿֻľĽȴ÷ޱȣ̧ĸ첲ֻǾһǱѾĸ첲ĲӴ
ǸֻüԱ߶һ£ǣȻûȫĶ㿪һ
ֻһĲҽУǸڵļϻֱӵظ
ȻǱֻǵڵϳ鴤˼£ûϢ
ϰ˼ŵһ£Ȼ͵ľԱȥԶԶ뿪ʦ
ڷʦɱ֮û뿪ǽŶ˵ʬ壬һᣬʬ֮ϺƮһɫӰӡ
ϰ͵ǰһֶӰһץ
ɫӰҽжڷʦС
ͷеĻɫӰӣпʼٴдʡ
ʦҲ׼ƴˣ׼ʩչѹ׵ķ
ǰһʱʩչͨѾڵķĵĲˣʱȴҪǿеķ
ŲòɱǸڣȡǿеգеڵķ
ֻȨ֮ƣЩǿյ֮ԼԹϿʩչųĻǿ֮ڣʱ䳤˿ԼҲѡ
ãʩչŷҪǿķӦúܿꡣ
˵ͷ׼ʩչķӡ˷
ŷһɵشֻʦͽͽ
ŷó̫һ֮֮󴢴ڻڱҪʱʩչ׾ͷ֮ʱɱ񣬹ɱ
ڵͷ׼ʩչŷѾҪЩһ򾡡
ֻ泯һ׾һԽָлͬʱдʡ
Ȼɢ飬̫Ԫ˷ʹȻ鱦ո죬Ǭ޴ǣ̫նаɱǧɽ䣬Ԫʼģһ飬ȴ꣬˺֪ţħף׻ɢ棬
ϵʱĹѾӿ뵽֮УֻһĹ񺿣һɷ
ϰѾ̱ڵأ˱һţԶЩѾŵû£˵һ仰ˡ
Ǹͷ۽ǵ⣬Ĺ֣еٶøˡ
߱飬Ȼĵ֮ھӿһ֮֮͵ľʹĶƮ뵽֮С
ŸղͷлŵǸ䣬һ壬ֳ̾Ρ
ֻڰ֮Уһɫķ䣬ų˰ɫĹâҼһ˿
мСĿСһ̾ͻ˷ɻҡ
ͷ龰һԽԽĹ֣¶һ˿΢ЦȻǵеһġ
ǷܴһѾȶʼɢžըһܷɽ
İ׹Юŵ͵ܷɢеĹַ̾ͻ̡
ܿ죬׹ʹӱ֮ɢ˱֮⡣
ΧڣеĹȫһ˻ҷ
ʣµһЩ©֮龰ﻹţ̾ͻһɹɵ̴Ʈȥ
ͷЩ֣һȻҲ̱ڵء
ղһ磬ʵѾ⼸ʮ֮ȫĺľ˵ǼʮĹѾǹһ
Ҫ֮¿ʼӡ˷
ҪⷨнһӶˣΪڵͣҲûмʮĹȫŷˡ


484 
˵ڵеЩָϢ
ΪһôǰȥӦһʧģͻȻ֮һž͸оԺܶĹʧȥ˿ơ
ôǲӵùĿĿƵģΨһĿܾѾˡ
Щ죬λ滹ĸܹ⼸ǧĹ֣
ɻʱͻȻƮʮ磬Щǰһͻ˹֣֮󣬹ǰɪɪķ
ֻʮ֣ĶӰ֪ԼղŵĲ²ȷġ
ôֻǼأ
һ򶨵Ĵǰ˼˵ˣǸһͷǳʩչ˺Ƶ׷ȥЩֵܶ׷ˡ
һ£ЩǶǸͷûʲôˣֻԼԳˡ
뵽֮һеĿʣµʮ̾ͻ̣뵽˿֮С
ɽµıԶԶУһ£֮»صԼķ䣬׼һ
ȻӰ˵۵ԺУ׼˹ƷԼ
̤֮̽Ժпʼߡ
һߣеľͣĻ衣
һͻȻص㰸ǰ㰸ȡһö͵ĵȥ
ֻžһȻǲ󣬵ȴĺԶ
֮Ҳ˱仯ʵգѾܲ
֮л˸һ˿˿ĵ⣬ʱĴ
ԶǸ֮УϰǸͷ׼ϳء
ԭǸͷѾûٽκεķˣʱ뿪ȵָٺһϳ̡
ǾǸոհѳ׼Ҫ뿪ʱͻȻܲ
˵ûʲôǸͷȴɫɷס
Ϊͷ֮иоһ˿ĲиǿоۼЩơ
˵ԵѾﵽ˺绽ĵزڹŴʱѾ֮
ĸôĩʱأҪ֪ʱеѾǷëǡ
οĵõĸˣ
ڴʦôˣϰͷվɫԣǸϽĹѯʡ
߲ˡ
ڴʦΪʲôѵΪҪ𣿡
ϰ˵һ仰֮󣬾͸Ͻٴβ䡣
Ȼ·ȽߣǻǸϽ뿪طɣǸʿʹǶΣա
ͷЦһ£ѵҲھ𣿿ǶԷȻǷôĶԼ»û뿪ұѾ׷Ļҷˡ
ϰԷʩչ˴ҪϵǣҿǻʱĺãҪڻĽҰ֮ϣôĸ졣
ϰҲʼЩͬʱЩŭǰͷ
ǰʱĶԼ˵ǨԼظ֤һһʧ
ôǸʿʩֶЩмܲסˣϰ忴ͷʿͲһ̨ϵġ
ΪԴӿʼÿһζ˼ʿ֣ͷûзֶΡ
ôˣܵĻᶼˣһҪʲôã
ͷҲǻһӵˣһϰɫ֪ʲô
ͷҲЩŭڴеǰڧķϣǿеĽŭѹȥȻɫضϰ˵ϰ壬ҲùڵĵġǻصУʩӦܻסȫȵ˶˴ǸʿͲĿŵʩˣʱ߲١
ͷ֮ԸҳŵܹʱסķΪһûá
ϰε̾˿ô죿ֻͷˣһ»ص
֮ͷҲҵ̵ľͿʼӵĴﲼһ󷨡
ʮöͭǮһֵͼΣǰʮǵλŲΪǵȺаʮʮŵɷǣΪɷΪ۹۲첻
ְϰй֮Сָϰ۵ֱ֡
ǵͷΪ˱סϰҲֻҧˡ
Ȼͷϰ˲úõǰһͭǮ֮ϼһѪһܹ36ͭǮȫĨѪ
ºͷɿϰ֡
ͷվǰдʡ
ճպմ⣬ң£»湰ݣƱգѳּȼãδԽˮ磬Ԫ壬г嵱Զͳ¼ϲ飬
ͷ߱飬ϵͭǮûзʲôͷɫɷףһѪ˳
ϰ龰Ͻȥסͷĵʵʦôˣ
ͷϰĹ£ǺһЩ
ղŷõĹȣѾûһ˿ķˣղǿеĴ߶ˡ
ϰһ⻰ҲЩ£ûʲôѽʵʦôǸô죿
ͷҧҧһƿϰ壬Ȼ۾ļڿȥ
Ǽһͷ񣬾֪Ҫʲôˣһˣؿͷ
ͷǽŵӣһЦ
ʵǣߵǸͷʩչҪǲϿĸҲ䷨ʱһ𶼵ꡣ
еһ۾תתȻʵǴʦ˼ʲô
⻹ǽһҷĸҲܹǱܹһ١
ﻥ࿴˿ͻȻһſˡ
ǻ䱸ʱͷͻȻǰһһھץȥ
ǸڵעеϣͷͻȻϮûжٵ׼
ˣһ¾ͱͷץš
ڼ龰һӵϣֱӾͽ˰˵ϡ
ͷƷ˴ˣҲϻӻȡһ룬һӾ˵֮ϡ
ڣҽһûüѾɥ
ͷȻ«ưһץ̾һɫӰʬϱץ˳
ͷٴſڣһӾͽ̵˶
ͷĿ񣬹һͻȻ۾ߵ36öͭǮǰٴε䡣
һһ꣬36öͭǮ̾ͿʼųһĹ⣬ͭǮϵѪҺҲʼð̡
ЩŹâıɢһͽ
˴ʱͷһ۾дðŵĹâ
ⱱ36еشͲǸʿܹܷ


485 ſ
ͷûʱ㻹ڵ̤̽
һؿǷ˺ܣҪʹԼȫʹҪһλ滹ʲôܵסԼ
һһ߹ۿϵƣѾӳ˼ʮ⡣
ʱǶԷӣҲһӲʮľ룬Щڿ˵Լ֮ˡ
㿪ʼйϰͷӡ
һͻȻĽеľ˷̳֮ϣȻŶһְŷ̳һڿлŲ֪ķ䣬Ȼ
ᾰױơǰ׹ķ̫һ̣ʹױӦɨа
ոյ꣬ڿлǷҲֳΣȻ͵Ļ⣬뵽е֮С
кǳ˵Ľ⣬ÿһ񶼴һo
ĵͷȻһ̾һһֱɽµı
ΪָһԷܻҷʱǱ֮оȻðһ̣֮ϣֻ̿ʼһķžûϢ
ۣһֱڹ۲ɽµĶ龰Ҳһ
ѵͷҲ޳ɵôܹʹͨ
ԾǳԾֵµĶȴûֹֻͣбȻ˼£Ӷȥ
տʼʱǻűֵ̻ܹͣ£Ҳʼı䱡Ѿ˱Ŀ֮УĵطҲ˲ˡ
ʱеͷǾ
ΪƾԼеĻӦֵܹסԷ׷û뵽ԷȻԱȵ׽ˡ
ӣ⻤ѾֲԼ೤ʱˡ
ͷ˼ǰҪƽԷʱһһ£ֱӾͰѰ˻ҽ
һ°վͷԱߵϰŵòᣬ߶µĶͷ˵ʦϽ취ɣʵڲǴ˽ظϿǨߣǱҪѽ
ͷϰĻһŭͻȻʲôһ¶š
ϰ岻عڵĵģ»ѹ׵ĹûʹأҵҪǸʿǲ޳ɵ
˵֮ͷϥ˵ϣȻĬĬдʡ
ţյػΣͨ·
ͷͣ仰ԽԽ죬ҲʼͣĲ
ʱԱߵصеһöͭǮͷҲʼų˵ɭ⡣
󣬾ȻγһŻ
ŻȻǳƯȴһ˵ơ
ڹ㣬Żһ֣Ͼ͸оһɷֱ֮Լڡ
üͣȻ͸Ժǽ˹⡣
ڹʮ״صأɭɭɷ֮ͣĴðֱԼ塣
龰Ͼ֪ãҲԼЩˣû뵽ԷȻ˺֣־ȻԼԱߵصء
һ£ܿͰüͷչֻлȻһţһ˳ֱָǷصȥ
ϾҪͷϵʱڷͷ֮ڵøӵŨأžһĹ˷ص֮ϣУϾͱ١
ڽһŻˣصصϿգŻ֮УһĹЦ֮
㱾Щǣҵģ龰ͻȻЦ
ԷʩչطԼЩģû뵽ԷȻʩչ֮Ǵ򿪹ҪųеĶ
ôһԼŪڣֻҪпڣԷжٵĹˣǳԼ
ʱͻȻһֱǵŻӴŻ˳
㶨һԭһź£ЩõڲͣԼһ
֮һ˵˵֮Żֹ֮߰˸
֮ЩԽԽ࣬һͰĵ۶Χ
ЩǺɵеʲôȻ۰Χȴҳ۵ķΧ֮ڡ
һʹԶıһЦĿЩΧ
һ㿴ʱҲˣǵŻҲûйˣֹͣĹǴӻȡ˿
ȻһԾԺǽԺǽЩһӿ
ſͷųһĹȦȦɨЩЩ㲻ػһḷ́뵽֮С
ΧԼĵתһȦͣĻӶĹ㲻뵽
ȵЩȫ֮ĵ˵ͷ
ղŵʱΪ˶ԸǸͷԼе˲٣һܹһЩˡ
ȻЩ˵ȼҪһЩôҲŻŻˡ
еǸͷѾЩȣΪоԶһֵĻǰ
ͷҲڷôģǿԼеĿᶨﲻŲʡ
һͷоԶǹ֮ûʼˣǸӵǿˣһֲõԤС
ڷĹеǸ԰ŵģܹͬĹš
ľѪɣһţͻɵ
ֻɱˣ¹رգŻʧ
ôʱӦǳ˲Ĺ֣ǹŶȴûʧԽԽǿˣ˵ʲô˵ǳĹѾԷʰˣΪƽ⣬Ҫǰȥȱ
ͷ֪Ҫٲ취ҲάֲסԼˣֻǿеٴ
λδ桢龪ַĹɽ֡ɽ·ؼլꡣſſ»Ұ̫Ͼ
꣬ͷѾݽߵķһμ˵ףңоԼ꾹Ȼָһ֣ͶԶĹ֮С
ʱǵٴδ⣬ЩɭĹâʼɢ֮г
վԺǽ֮ϣȻͣԼ̵ĵüȻϵͣ¡
Щ֮ÿһ¶һƬ
ǹҲһ˺ģȻͣȻ˵Щ޷һοۣڹŵĸȴγһص
üΪǰȫһģһͬһƬռ䣬»ʲôһҪӹˡ
ǰǳʱȻҪȫʹŸɢ
ڵԳո˵ڷǷĹҪܳʲô


486 ͭǮ
ʱڹ֮ڴһϲ֮
ǺɭɭշǳĲֺļҵȢϱһ
֣ҲǲϹ˹ﻹЩųǰҪְࡣ
ԽԽǴŴҲһ˿˿ĺ⣬ЩͿʼɢžмС̧һӴӹڳˡ
㿴Ӿ÷ǳ죬ⲻǺԼֽӵβ
ǲ̨֪ĵûԼͨ
ʱϲͣһС˽ǽ߳һȫ
ȻͷϸһɫĸͷǺܹ嵱һֻͷӲҿ˿ȻǰĿ⼯еϡ
﷢һ̶ǹ֮ӿĹ֣ЩĴ̼֮£۶ʼͨ
վﱧֱۣ¶΢ЦǰһиͲһ¶
ǸվڽԱߣûмָЩֽ㣬ԼԱߵĽӡ
ǽӾͿʼһĲЩһĲƳ˵
ǱⲨɨĿռ䣬Щ̾Ϳʼռ񣬱ͬ
ЩһǾΪЩŨ֮Уһ
̧֮ͷŸͷԶԶĿ㣬˻ƴ̶˵ʿûȥҵ๫ɺã
㿴ҡҡͷȻ˵棬ͺͷµûˣҿŶ˯ž
仰ŭǸֻһĽЩҲѹȻһֱ㡣
ӽĹ֣վﶯûжȴһĽ⡣
ЩСһӽ⣬ͺǱһһϿʼð̣ͬҲĽ
ЩȻܵشȴûһˡ
üɲЩСԼʱһɧԼϴء
㲻ò֣ӻȡ˿ȻһӣŴӿоƮһɹŨҵĺ̡
ЩڵһҲһС
Щ͹ٻЩСɲͬ
ÿһǱǿģռʮʺϹڣһһ֣һɹɵ㼯ǵϡ
ֻգ۾ĹЩٻαǣһͲǺġ
ЩٻĹʱҲ嵽㸽ƵĹﵲס
һս˵Ǵսʵһһߵɱ
һߵĹһ־ץסһСȻ˺ͼ¾
ûж೤ʱռڵСͱٻȫˡ
ԶԶĿһĻ¶΢Цǹ˵ҿСЩ£ͼҵ£㿴Σ
ҲһĻǻķŭŸʼΧЩ֣ҲЩġ
ΪʶЩֵĵȼҲֻ΢һ㡣
ǼܲסѽôСһӵϣҲ˫ȭѵ֣ùġ
ֻ͵ԼĽһǸӾԶƮֱǸš
ٶȿ죬ֵµЩСٶҲûŽӵţڹǰѾۼ߰˸ֻһһϵЩСǰȻۼһɹŨҵɭ֮ЩϢ󻯳ʵӳȥ
ǱѾҪǰĽţЩһֹ̾ͣǰ˼ס
ǽеĹҲǺǵģֻڽһԼĺۣɺɫӽз˳ЩֱǰߵЩ
ЩƮƮģһһӴЩЩͺǹŨһʼĽͬʱԼ忪ʼðһĺ̡
һЩҲסǽˣֻǽǰһ壬ۿžҪ֮С
ʱһеĿ̾һɢȥⲨƿٶʵ磬ֻգۼĹɢǽӸֱӾͰǽС
ۿҪŵĽӣʱͻȻֹͣźܵʲôһľһ߷ȥ
ڽеǸ龰ҲǳԾС򶨣ֻһĽؾʹӽӣͳ˳ȻһԶĹŷȥ
ոյķɳǿ֮ͽٵϣҲͣ˰ա
ҲЩ£ֻðһĺ⣬ʼԿĹ
վԶ龰Ҳĵ˵ͷҲȷʵͲС
ĩƾ豾ȻܹԿеⷨȷʵЩ⡣
Ҫ֪еʱԸҲûмĸܹſųĹԿһʱ̡
ǽȻܹʱĵֵסĹ򣬿ɼ
ʱƣеǸҲĿʼһƶϵķѾʼþˡ
ΪʤȯյʱǸзųһթĹâֻͻȻһת˳ſ֮͵ľͼӿΣһ˲ԡ
㱻ĶһӦʱǹֻצѾͷ­
ڿЩˣԼСû뵽ʹƣղŵӣװԼġ
ʱͻȻһ˸ļϣһŽСޣֻǰһ壬һͰǸײȥ˼Զ
㵽ɵһͬʱ͵ԼϵǸСޣһҪԼ¾ͻЩǱˡ
Ǹڵһ̾һվ֮ҲֱԶĹš
ѣֻһϵǸħͯӣ̾ͻһ磬ǰĵ˹ǰ
ȵǹǰʱ򣬷ֽħͯѾǶˡ
龰ǹֻڿתһȦȻҲˣֱɽ·ȥ취
ſŹķ¡
žƽٵϣЩ֮һ±һǿһʵǼֲסˣֻһɾ뵽˿֮С
ŹʧǸҲʼĲ˲ŹâҲʼ
һų׵ʧˣǷĹ֮еöͭǮŹŵʧžһž˼Ƭ


487 
ڿʧ֮һΪǹǿƽʵɢһƾҵ֮Ҳоһľ
֪ĩʱڣǹҲᴳʲôǿĹѾжԶԶˡ
ΪſܵظģҪڵʥʱдľͲˣҲһڵɵĵºҲͬһλġ
ĻҲֻˡ
ǽˣԼһǿҲջ
뵽ʱ㿴˿ԼеĿȻѿһӣЩε̾뵽֮Уʧˡ
ſĶ£Ȼһ̾ͷɳһẓ́ڵһͻɵĸղǹӡ
һطǳʵǰһԲ
㿴ǰŸͷĹҲһЩ棬ﳤʲôѽ
˵ĺľһͻԽԽŨңʵ̲סˣǰһֱӾͰǸͷ
ͷһ۾ϵһ˫۹⡣
۹֮£һŰ׾ӣȫһСұӡ
龰ҲЩԾ֮УӦóĲˣû뵽мɫ
Ǹۿ㣬۾֮оȻðһ͵ĹâԼ֣ȻֱַԼ֮ԡ
㿴Щòþس˳顣
ǸŮҲûн֣֣Ҳ˳ƾɿ֣Ȼ峺۹⿴㡣
һ£ȻŮ˵ɽµı֮УҵĶͷھʹһЩǰȥΪұѩޡ
ǸŮĻ۾зų׹⣬ԴȥԶǴ
˵ͷȻ͵Ĵӻȡһֽ֮һƮȵֽصʱѾһֽӡ
ĽѾҷھͳֽǰȥ
ǸԱߵֽӣ۾жǻϲ֮ɫ
ǰǶֻһӻûʲôֽͨȴһʵʵڵķҪ֮УķͻһأƾӵͨǹˣҲԼûʲô취
뵽ʱ￴۹ӵˣ֮лһЩɬˣΪڵ
㱻￴ֱƤϽĻӻ֣Ͻȥ¶
ָʾ̵ľǰһƮ䵽ֽԱߡ
ֽԱߵǸŮ̵ͣ˽ҹĽȥˡ
ֽӱƮƮķɵȻԽԺǽɽµıȥ
ڵ»ص˷̳ǰӶеıֻһǴȥ
һûǿӲĹǱΧγһϣеС
Ҳ֮֮
㲻ǰǷĹ֮аŵĺ֣ҪŮԸҾŮȥҲ֪֪
˵ڱ֮еͷϰ壬еѾʼǴϲ
رϰ壬Ϊͷĺܹˡ
վԱߵͷҲһԺ
Ҫ֪Ǽǰһʦĺ֡
˵һɵʦҲЩԨԴ
ǹﱾֻһҵŮֻϵأԱһɵʦˡ
ǵʦŽӭȢȥȻΪ˫޵¯
ԸΥڹ޵·ϾȻǿ
￴ԼϾҪǿ裬ȻҧԾˣҲǸҡ
ȵʦ֪ʱǹѾĲˡ
ûа취ʦֻʩչеطǿоĻǽ
ˣ֮ļУֻһֱеĻ
վԽԽǿ˺Ѿ˸еľսĵز
ڽʮоͺٶֻˣΪֻף뽫ͻ䣬ȴûôˣÿһζҪѪʳĻǲ»صġ
ͷɳ֮룬ô뽫ͻȥǿҪѵľˡ
뵽ͷ۹ⲻеļ˿˿ڰ۾˼ڵϡ
⼸ڽܵĴ̼ˣʮֵľ裬ͷ۹һ䵽ϣЩ˾ͷˡ
þ۹⿴ͷȻĿ˼ۣ㼯еһ׼һͷʲô죬Ǿͱųȥ
Щ˹ĶǵʱͻȻֻڱߴһϲ
Щڰҹӭ׵ûиоģðһ
ϰѾЩӰˣϾʹܵɳԱߵͷԣСʵʦô£
ͷѾʶΣǿϴ΢Ц˵ϰ岻صģֵµ˻ϲˡ
ϰһ
ʱ򣬱ĴžȻԼˡ
ŴƮƮĽһӣ̧ӵڽԱ߻һªĹŮͣȻӾͣԺӵУҲû졣
еļ˼龰࿴˿Щӣһ۹⼯еͷϣ˼ͷǰȥô¡
ͷ˱ԺеĽǳģһǸʿӦǱԼɳˡ
ȻͷҲЩɵԼһɺôҲмĹϵˣЩ顣
ͷվߵӵǰʵǽ˵档
ҵ˭ѽԭСѽ
ͷشһ
ˣǸʿǲǱˣ
˵˭
ͷüЩõԤУȻƽ͵˵ǷصԱǸеĵʿղûн𣿡
ͷȻ㣬ʲô飬ɫͻȻ࣬ȻɭĶͷ˵СȻ֪ߵغ񣬾Ȼҵ๫֡
ͷ仰ɫҲˣǧû뵽ھȻ˷裬Լĵϳ๫ⲻǺ
ˣǲǿˣǸʿôҵʦ
ǺǺǣǸʦ˼ˣ궼֪ȥĶˣôܳҵ๫
˵ʱǸﲻԴת180ȦԶСɽȻ˵ҲֻǸ˲ҵ๫ҵˡ
ͷ龰Ҳ֪˲ãɽϵǸʿɫྐྵȻŮŮԼϳ๫
ͷɽϵҲЩˣʿΪ˻ʲôɵóѽ
ͷﻹǲûжٷţΪеܷԽŮǿߣҪЩѪʳ


488 
ͷ鷢仯Ҳûиҵʱ䣬ֻӻȡһϾɵĺɫ
Ȼݵ˽ǰԽеĹ˵ˣӭ׵ˣûȥˡ
˵仰ͷ͵һˣȻһֻ͵һӣžһ֮г֡
Ũҵ֮УǼվסˣľͶǸֽӹ˹ȥ
˳Ա˸Ͻ·ɡ
ԭȵ̣ǸеĹӦðǰЩ˽ɽɣԸɾȻþͻȥˡ
һֽеǸڵԼǰ׳ıǿҲûп
ôôżѽѾûˣ˵˵𣿡
ͷЩ£ǿ򶨵˵ҵ˵ļڣ˸Ͻ·ɡ
ǽеĹЩû߳ǶվԱߵǹŮ˵ȻСôҲͱˣò׳һˣԵȵ㡣
˹ĻվԱߵǸŮ۾зų̹⣬ŵǰļڣǶʼˡ
ǼǰһЩŹӿԼҲ׽Ҫʲôˣǻ࿴˿͵ĴϴܳһȻܲ˵ľȥ
ͷӣҲЩżҪˣôߣϽٴλ֣Ҫ⼸¡
Ǿʱվڽǰ̨ͻȻǰһõסǹɹַ硣
һǼڣܵøˣգۼĹͳ˱
˱ǿɵˣΪڱܲͣ£һդһΧУǾǳ˱ԺҲ߲Զ
ʱڱԺеͷɫҲʼŽеĹ˵ʲô˼
ǺǺǡȻǱ־ԵЦ
СѽȻҺһмĽˣ˭ǵҵķأ㲻ˡ
˵ʱЩ˵˵ôĽϣƲ˰ɣʡһҶֵʱƤ֮ࡣ
ͷѾ˵ˣֱû·ˣŭĽеĺɫĻ´ԼĻУȻŽ˵ˣҲͷӿˣʱ㲻һܰͷô
˵ʱͷֹ˵ĻҵʱһҲܡ
ͷ֮Ըĺ˵ҲΪŻ
ʦŻӭȢģ֮ʦеŻһͬʱҲƲù
ǹûƽ͵˵Ǹô꣬㻹ƾǶˡ
˵仰ýӣԱվŵĸŮ̾˽ѹ˳
һ¶վڶͷ̾ɫ䣬ΪڵĹȻȻǴһ죬ǸͷϵĸͷѾˡ
ڹŴʱܽͷֻķڹͷϵĸͷˣǾ˵Ѿ϶һԼķԽԼĸͷ
ٽϸղŹĻôͷǳˣӦǸԼɫ࣬ùԼ
ʱͷҲûʲô취ˣȻѾʧˣֻǿнˡ
뵽֮ͷӻȡŻ֮󣬷ǳϧĿ˿ҧᶨֱӾͰ˺ˡ
˺ƣڻ֮һ⣬ֻͣһ°ʲôžֱӾǹ
ڽҪӽʱڹϷųһƣⲨƾһ˹ܣǽⲻô
ϵһУֻǲмĿ˿еĽ⣬ȻŶͷ˵Ǹʦƾⶫҵģô˼꣬ⶫûʲô𣿡
ԭʵܹˣֻ⼸ÿһͷһٻﶼܺúõıһ١
ܹЩԵ˵굱Լ£˹ίߣһֱźͷһɵϵ
ͷѾЩ޴ˣȻǿеĿ־壬ϴŽӲЦ˵ҵԼĹˣС϶﹧ϲˡ
Ĺ仰ϴһĺΣЩߵĵͷ
ͷһţϽģٽ˿ǼĽϣҵʦϣһЩеѪʳƾá
վڶĹ̾һȻ˵Һԩ޳𣬷һҲǿԵģ˭ҵķأģ֮һȥҵķʱһΪġ
˵Ҳٶ˵ʲôˣһ̧֣ӵǰһ˾ͷȥ
ͷȻڷѾľǾûзҲǺǵġ
ֻ͵ԱһܣץסվڸԶϰ壬֮ץסԼһҧ
ϰ屻һ۵ֱлͷ;ϰеѪ֮͵һ㡣
žһɫĹâЩѪҺ֮У֮âܵһǰǸȥ
һ̱ײȥ˼ɣҲǺģǷֽеİ
ֻǸֻһͦʹվžһ˹ȥ
ʱͷѾƴļϰеѪͣš
ЩÿһζᱻѪȥˡ
ô齩˼ӣǸϰѾͷۻЩվסˡ
֪ǵ˹ؼʱ̣Ȼ˵ѾԼЩʧѪˣȻǿҧûиԤͷ顣
ǹֻվԱ߿飬ЩЦֱˣѽ
ԼҲֵЩ²̨ˣֻǻ˻»ص˽Աߡ
Ȼ̧֣ԱߵǸŮ͸Ͻǰһ˫ַסȻͷԶ
ǹ￴žͷ΢΢һЦͻȻɫͱˣԭѾˣڱһŹ
﷢һĽ
ͷֻͷۻͬʱоԼĻҲЩסˣҪܳ壬ӵԶԶģԶֽﱣ־롣
ͷй˶οԱߵǸϰ壬ֻǱŮһУĻǱ㲻뿪壬˰֮С
ϰ㲻̱ȥ
̱ȥҪбʵѪͻȻҲʼֹסˣͷôļ޷мһεѪ
龰΢΢һЦȻ͵ľͻһɺֱ̣ͷȥ
ͷܵԱ߶ȥùֻһǺ̾ʹ֮ܵС


489 
ͷֱվЩͣһӲתͷŰϰĻǡ
ϰĻڰ֮вͣҪ»صԼ֮ڣôںһıһϰĻǣ޷롣
ͷ˲ϰԣ˽ֱ֣Űеϰץȥ
ϰĻԸовƴԱƮȥ
Ҳܵ˸ղŷϰĻжЩȻԱƮһ࣬Ȼûжͷָ
ϰĻһͷץס̾͸оԼĻǲһǰδеȸУأ͸оԼĻǿʼɢˡ
ûж೤ڰеĻǱͷĶı䵭󻯳ɵĵĹâʧ˿С
ϰ屾һŵģĻǵʧһ˿ǣҲûˣֻ壬ȥûϢ
һ֮ͷŽֱĲߵ˱֮⣬ｹⲽıڡ
ڻ֪ڷʲô飬һͷΪڵĵѾˣ˻࿴һۣվͷǰһɶԶľ롣
ʦǲѾʰˣǲǰȫˣ
ͷֱ¶һ˿΢ЦȻɳƵ˵Ȼڰȫˡ
ͷ˵Щʱ򣬻һǰŲܿľͿеһڡ
Ѿܵ˺ܴľţԾǳļУڱڵʱͶͷǳľ衣
˫ˣټԱ߲ʱµ磬΢ĹâͷϵĲԾ
ڻûͷ֣ȳˣֻԱһܣͷ࣬Ȼһߣȴŷֱͷͷ­
һ˱һУ̾͵ıĻԣֲû𵴻ԳѪ֢״
ڱڵһͷͷϣͺߵһͷ˿ȴо۵Ƕһ
ڼҲ֪ˣҲɹԮֻһȭͷϡ
ͷںǸ͵һ۶ȭŴϣվﲻŲʡ
ЩȴˣȻÿһζʵˣǵȽȴЩܲˣһõ̫ˣڻŰء
һЩںҲˣЩһ۾һطûˣϿߡ
ɹʶ֮ھĵԶȥ
ͷԶȥڣٴ¶΢ЦֻһӾ˼Զûм¾׷еһڡ
ǸǰŻأͻȻߵ죬תͷһͷѾһ°ŵǻɢ
ͷֱָѾǸڵĲϡ
ǸڲܴҲͣ˽Ųֻ쵽ӸҪῪͷۡ
ôþֱȻͣţûмĹǸھѾԹȥֱȻûֹͣ
ûмӣһڵĲǶˡ
ͷŽⱣڵӵһԣȻԶıڿȥ
ȻӵԶˣǶȴһֱע⣬Լһֵܱͷɱˣǻ࿴˿Ȼ̾˿ɨһ£ҵľȻУͣ˽ŲĿͷ
⵹ǣֵʵǿղͷٶȣ֪ҲӲˣһ
ͷ˵ĶҲûֹƵǿ
ʵܲѹֵգǺеľͷ˹ȥһӽͷеľһͷϡ
ûмµĹеľѾϳضͷ͵ֱ֣˵ظӦĻᶼûУͱֲ嵽С
ͷһͣ˵ͱͷץС
ͷſĴӣеһֱӾҧ룬Ȼɽɾʵ˶
Ѿ˵ϣûȥſţͷԼ࣬ھ֮Ǳ۾
ͷˣֱתȥһһĻص˱֮ڡ
ͷϾһɺƮһɿ⡣
ɺ뿪ͷ壬ҲѹȿľǵԱߣѾȥʱϰ塣
ŶоԼһ˿Ѫ̧֮һʱŵûɢ
ԭлץһ࣬͸оһЩѪζǿŵּæȥһĨڷŵǰʱ򣬲ŷҲЩѪĩ
ʱƮһɴṆ̀Ѿ»ɵλ
ζôǿһʵ࣬Լûóԣرˡ
ͷѾЩվסˣһֻȴȻץǿࡣ
ŸʲôôõĶ˾ͲóˣϿ˰ɡ
дһ˿ɭҲһǿҵﵽͷ
ͷֻоԼѾʹˣֻ̧ƶ
ͷƴţҪֻ֣ܶÿûһѾͷߡ
ͷƴҧͲ졣
վԶĺֻ΢΢һЦȻ˵԰ɣ˶·ʱ·
ͷ첻ſȻҧȥ
ͷڻ־ѵģоԼ첻ܿƵҧǿࡣ
еѪζԼĸоѵĸо
һǱˣͷֻоθһķҪȥⶫ³
ôҪŻ£Ķ߰˼һͲܣֻǸŻ˼¡
ԶĹһЦȻǰ˼ͷԣĶͷһ¡
ͷϵľͺʧȥԼȨһֱֻԱȥȻһ豭͵ľԼĶͷ
Ȼǲ豭ûͷ­Ӳ
ȻԴĵѪǲ豭ȴˣͷȴûʲôµӡ
ͷ۾Աɨһ£ܿľַһƿĵ߹ȥƿһҵԼԴϡ
ͷڱʧȥ˿ƣȻѵģôԼڿвͣҶһһԼͷϡ
ͷԴȻܼӲǼܲסһһεϮѽȵͷѿеĴõĲʱǼֲסˡ
ͷ۾Ŀһ£ͻıϣҲֱĵ˵ϡ
ǸƮԣһ̣ͷ㱻̵С
﷢һһЦȻƮƮƮĻص˽


490 «ɮжϺ«
Ž뿪ܵЩҲӦʲôؿʼռʧ١
˵ȥ㸴
˵̫ұЩŵ˱Ʈһ˿Ѫζ
һµĴ帾յ￿Ҫ׷ʲô
ոտͷ˱һˣعȥһž͵˵ϣֻŲͣǰţ治ͣŲš
ԭǰŵһѾ彩Ӳ϶ĲҰɫʬ
帾Ųһξ֮Ƿһ춯صĽ
ܿˣĴϽ˹̾ͿǸ帾һͣĽ¡
ЩϿܹȥ帾Ǹ帾ˣҵһֱץסԱһӵҲˡ
ܸоЩΣϾԱ߻վأϽİָֻ߸ߵľԱߵ¶ֺõЦݡ
źݺݵĵһۣȻֱӹȥ帾һơ
һǰ帾ˣѹĵһ¾Ǵ˵ˣˡ
һ˵ֻΡΡԶǸʬָȥ
һ£ЩҲһӣǰ˼ǸʬԱһⲻϰıôˣ
⻹ˣڶˣǵϰ岻Ҳ°ɣҪ֪ϰ壬ǴĲүҪˣ⻹ûпʳƷ쳧ô죿
ЩҲһмʶģϽֹҪȥϰжȻָһϿõίᣬ֧ʹ峤档
֧ڵõϢ֮Ҳҵһ峤Ͻ绰Լֳܵ
ȵֳ֧ʱڱڵʬҲѾˡ
ڿûһôˣһȻˣôȫʬڵ඼ѾӰʱֻ۾ɵôģĿ
ڸѾΧ˼ٸǶԶԶģָָ㡣
֧ϽԱߵĴ˽˭ȷֵģôֵģ
ҵǸȷʬĴ帾һ˽֪ϵʱҲŵߵѪζ׳ŵӹƣû뵽ȴЩʬ
֧üͷһ£ȻվֱԶԶСɽһۡ
֧Ȼû֤ݣһԤУڷһкСɽϵǸеϵ
û֤ݣɲϹ˵
ʱ򣬴峤ҲҴҵ˹֧ԱߣͷĶ˵Ѿˣܿ͵ȱֳ
֧˵ͷȻϽί˰ѴϿ
ʮӣһ󾯵ٵͣ˱ǰŴϱʮ졣
Ϊ׵ع̾ӶӳΣԱ߸ŵɳ
˳ֵ֮̾µ̾ʼ鹤ԼԱߵ֧˽
û̸仰һ̾Ҵҵεԣ˵һ仰
εɫ̾ͱ࣬Ȼ˦˴֧飬Ҵҵĸ̾ˡ
θ̾˱ڵʱŷ֣ϰѾڵأȥʱԱ߲ԶĵطԽѾѵһˡ
ԴӽûйĴӣһӾˡ
̾һЩˣŪãͷϵɴñסˡ
Ȼ鷳ϱ߱棬˵绰ܿʹعֱֳ˻㱨ֳ֮Ҳŵһ¡
ֳϽĳ˳ǰظ߹㱨
ĸ߹˻㱨֮ҲŵòᣬԳ˳ϵֳ
һֳ֮Ҳ˲̾ҪȡѾֳĵ̾ӳεĻ㱨
θϽİյ߹һһĽص߹ºǸͷģΪͷϷŨҵѪԼкһЩĲ
߹֮۾תתͻȻ˵ͷʲôˣ
ٸϽ˵ͷϰĹʣ´˶֪
ĿǰӦǻһһ㣬Ǿͷôܴùǿ׳ıڣ
˵ʱ򣬸߹ٽĶε۾Ȼ˵참Ҫзɢ˼άӲס
Ҳ׹ˣȻ˵Ŀǰе֤ݶָǸͷҿĽҲˣǿٲһϣݽ˵
˵֮󣬸߹վȻ͸뿪ˡ
εҡҡͷȻ˵ķǳΣҪ˵ͷɱ˼ڻ֤ݵģǸϰûκε˺ۡе˸е˼ˡ
ʲô˼ģҼˣΪŹȣ𣿡
εĵ˵ͷ⵹ԭ򣬶ֳѾָǸͷȻЩ죬֤ݾôʾģҲû˵ʲô
ˣһ£ҾͲˣֳһжˣҽ᰸ʲô۶ӡ
˵ֳ֮Ҳ뿪ˡ
¿ɴСкܶҪλֳƨɣú۲ŽйͨҪµӰѹС
νֳ֮󣬳̾һ»صֳʱ֧ĵŲεԣ˵һ֪ܲ㱨һ¡
һȻµĵ˵ͷ
Ҹĵط̸һ̸
֧ϽĴε˴ίᣬȻһƧİ칫ң¡
֧ѾúøжѾʧˣǴʧȥˣһҪǲϽĽˣԺɾûаӿɹˣ˭Ҫеʿֲðҹ͵û⡣
֧¶Ҫ򾯷ٱ㡣
֧㱨ֱ֮졣
ôİӣǰ˾Ȼᵽ˹ϡ
Ҫǰ֧Ļдɲϻ㱨ȥ̾͵ñ˸Ѫͷ


491 ί
Ǵ֧ǰľ첻ĻϽ˵٣˵ģȷʵΡ
ʲôεģѵһʿʹɱˣ
˵ʱ˵֧飬ҪݣҪЩҪΨ塣
˵仰֮ξվ֧뿪ˡ
֧Ҳûа취ˣֻ沨ˡ
˵뿪˴ίᣬ۾ȴ¶һ˿֧ĻûȫĲš
ҲǸ̾ˣôİ참УҲһЩ顣
ֻЩ˵Сơ
һ룬²ôˣôҲҪ˽
뵽֮λصֳټ̾һɽĵ۶ȥ
ȵСɽǰʱ򣬷ڵ۵Աһ·ء
·Ҳǰһʱϰǰ׵ޡ
Ҳϰ͵۵ĵʿìܵĸԴ
ȶһȻǰȥĵ۵š
𣿡
˼ڴߴһ
ʩԵȣϾš
Ҳͣţһ
һ֨ѽһˣ߳һʮĵʿ
ʿҲͨȴϵĵ۶˿ģǮӡ
һβû⣬ΪЩڽʿһͣһЩ·Ҳ
λǹ̾ӶӳΣЩҪ˽⡣
򿪵ŵĲˣ㣬ǰ̾ӳҲЩ
ȻΪһ޷죬ԷͲֳܴڱʹһУϾһִܵʮˣԾʱﻹЩëġ
㻹ǿװ򶨵ĵ˵ͷȻ˵Ǿʩòɡ
˵仰֮ǰߴ·⼸쵽Լ֮УȻָǵˮ֮ǵԱߵʻ
ζԱߵһʹһɫǾ̾ʹͳСóһ֧ʵż¼һ̸
±ߵ֧˵
ǣƶ׼ϣ꼡
˵仰֮ʹӻȡ˶뺣ݵεǰ
νӹ˿Ȼ˵ͷǰʿЩװģļٵʿ
ξͽµݻ㣬֮ʵɽµǸϰʲô𣿡
֮ɫƽ˵ϰǳĲصһεʱ򣬾Ȼذҵ۵ԱߣҼ۶˻˵Ҳˡ
ʱװģ̾һȻ˵ôأһȨƵĵʿԷһϰ壬ôùҲֻˡ
ε˵ͷºһʿֻһյСʿϰ۵̽Ҳġ
ʵ̫ˣôùǸ۵ϰ塣
˵ˣΪʿĶ

ƶһֱڵ֮Уտʼʱһξ˯ˣⲻոյˡ
ʲô֤û뿪ô
Ǳ仰ˣĶ˵ʲô˼ѵҲҪǸϰ۸һҸ㣬ΪǮܹΪΪʵڲҵȥȥҾͲϻûˡ
οż㣬æİοҪڼֻ˽һ
˽ʲôѵǸϰû˵𣿴ͷβ¶ʹģһʿܹʲô
̾һȻǾʵʵ˵Ҫһʿ֪ϰ󵽵ʲô顣
ϰѾˣûʱ˵Щˣһ
Ǳһʹµλ֮ϣȻͷɫʼ
̧ͷ˵ôģ
²ܹ͸¶ˣǻܣֻҪشǵС
Ǻǣѵǻɱ
㲻Ҫô룬ֻѯһûл˭
λһֳȻٴʵ˵һ˵ʲôطû˸֤
̧ͷ˿ΣȻ˵ƶһֱڵûǵۿҪӣƶô
˵仰ʲô̧ͷ˵Ȼûʲô֤֤û뿪ۣ±ұҪ·ڶмصģĻͻڼӰӣǿԿȥ
εİ˵ͷȷʵӣϢ߶ȷʱؼѾ鲼κһ䡣
ȻǰСûмأұڸ·ڿɶмصģرϰסһ飬ΪұĲүұȻصķļزõ÷ǳܡ
Ǻðɣǽ̸ϣҪ뿪ʲôһ˽ġ
ʱȴ˵Ҫһˣûа취ʱڵ۴š
⻰۾оһ£Ȼ˵ϣ㻹ʱȡг̣Ͼĺá
ԷǿӲҲͲټˣʵҿʱȡг̣ҲԶҲȥɣܵøһʱ䡣
һ£Ȼشɣʵʵһ£һ֮Ϳжˡ
εص˵ͷ˵ðɣֻˡ
μԷӦˣ˵Ҳʲôֻеĵ顣
ξʹżɾ뿪ˣ԰ͳ˵ۡ
ԶȥΣ¶һ˿м΢Ц
ͣѵĻܲ鵽ҵͷϣ
Ҳ޳˵֮壬һøı½ķɣѹɱҲ뷨ɳεķΧĻҾһ޹ˡ
ʱѾ߳һξΣüͷȴš
ϴҿʿûʲô⣬ȻǲأӦûȥұΪʲôҪҪ뿪
̾˿Ȼ˵Ȼûʲô֤ݣǻʿ⣬ΪҸղźʱʿЩӦǺºǼ档
ҲǶ̾ղĶǰЩͻȻʱ
ѵʿ⣿뵽ʱ̷ԸԱߵļ졣
ǻȥ֮ұеļȫٿһ飬ҾͲʲôܹص̽ͷ
ʵҲô鷳ΪĻ»ִ󣬶ҲΥղظ߹ٵָʾ
Ϊһܾ̾ô顣
컥࿴˿󶼵˵ͷǻԼϴģΪǰసӣϴ˿뷢еܹư
ǣǻȥ̲鿴ء


492 
ʱһξ͹죬һڰ칫˵Ļ㱨
ϴеļҶѾһ飬ûʲôõ
θϽʵϸ𣿼ûǸʿ𣿡
ϴǼѾѸļضϸĿ飬ûзֵʿӰӡ
ϣֲͣӣﲻͣתӰӡ
⼸˼ξԽԽ
ϰԴ½ͶⲢûʲôˣΪƣұǳãҪ˵Ҳֻʿˡ
˼ʱ򣬰칫ҵŴ򿪣һλľСһ˽
ϴ󣬻ˡ
˵λСͰеϵݵεǰ
νӹϣķ˷ʵҲ˵һ˵
ǡλСӦһȻɤӣ˵ĽԱȣָеĸѪԿ϶Ǽڵġ
˵ʱλСü˵ʬʣͷеڵ֯
Աߵһ˸սȻ˵ͷǸ񲡰ɣȻˡ
˵˵ѵһȻһδеļϸĿ
ļϣ۾һ룬Ȼ˵֪ˣٸҰǸʿĵϸ׵
ϴѾǳˣе֤ݶָǸɱͷΪʲôҪǸʿ
̾˿Ȼ˵ЩԤСʿдġ
оʱϵĵ绰ˡ
绰ʵΣһλ
绰һߴһ
Σﻹû֯ûˣ
һϾվȻ˵ֳѽʲô·ôĻ𣿡
˵ΪʲôҪôĻϰİ֤ݲѾǳΪʲôţ
ֳģȻ֤Ѿָͷһǻлʲôǲ֪飬ٲһ顣
ʲô飿ڸ߹Ѿһ绰ˣҸ㣬Ȼ֤ݶѾˣ͸Ͽҽ᰸ĥĥġ
˵仰ֳĵ绰Ѿˡ
οѾ˵绰ĳһȻƵ˵ӽ˰ɣѰ͵Ժȥ
µļ˻࿴˿Ͻĵͷ
ȵǶ˳칫֮⼸飬ݺݵվñӺ߳칫ҡ
ûлؼңֱһұ
˻Щ¿Ƣ϶ǾͷţҲ
һβûȥֳǿʼ߷øĴѯʵϵʲôֵûУ
߷˼֮λҵһЩ
ԭȽϽļУһ˵ʹˣ˯ȽᡣһϰҹʱǸһеأôһطĵطû
˵ʱ˺ݺݵĳһϵḷ́·ķϣԶԶһǸѾ׵ˡ
ǳ֣û˵׵һ˵
˼ңܸһµʱ龰𣿡
˵ãֻ˵Щ׵դһǸΧ˸ʵ
˵ʲôµ飬ݺݵĳһں̣ƽϢһԼ˵ʱҿһֻȸʲôķ񣬽ӽǸһ˲ͱ˻ҽ
ҲΣϵ׵ѵѾܹ֪ԼҪʲô
ͬʱкһ㱡紵ɢˣһв
᲻ǸʿʲôʩչǸȫ׵Χסˡ
뵽ʱҲԼ뷨ЩĴһࡣ
δǱЩ˳С·һ˵ǰ
ʱȿľǵԱߵ·ء
ԭȵʱػϰʰڼ첻ϵĲѾϸˡ
ʱ۵Ŵˣ˳վţüһԼ鷳
Ҳ˳۾һ£Ц㡣
⼸ûðɣ
ʲôõģÿ챻Ҳûʲô𡣡
ʲôԹԣѾĲˣ㼸žܽ᰸
Ǿʰɡ
֯һԣȻ˵˵Щܹ绽꣬ʹǲģ
⻰ǿһɵһΣ˵٣ҪſѧҪЩ⽨š
˵仰֮룬Űοҿ⼸̫ˣҿ㻹Ъ컻ӣȻĻ˱ʱ䳤˿»ġ
Ļ˼ӣԷʿѾԼɷˡ
˭ģʲôˣȻѯʱûк绽꣬ʹı¡
β绰ǸС˸绰
С֣Ҳһ飬ûʲô֮Ķ
ӣ洫
ͷЩ֣ڼȻ׵ǳܼѾǵ˲˼ĵزѱΧĵطûʲô׵
ĵ˵ͷȻ˵Ƶֻϡ
һ֮һƵεֻϡ
üͷθղŵĶҲЩᣬȫԼЩ£ǳԶԼˡ
յƵ֮˿Ȼĵͷ֮Ļ׼㡣
Щôͣ
ҲЩܻˣֱӵľ˵Ӧȥѧңһʿʲôҿɸ˵ˣҪ֤ݾץңû֤ݾͱҡ
οܻӣ΢΢һЦȻ˵żⲻǺְ̽𣿡
̽ʲô⣬һʿ˵ЩϿߣѾټˡ
˵ֱ֮Ӿ͹Žȥˡ
վݺݵĵһۣҲת뿪ˡ
Ŀǰλû취Ϊô˵ҲԷ⽨㶨
ڵڵ㣬ѾˣһôѲ
뵽ϾͰһˣʡԼ鷳
Ҫ˵ǰʱ㻹ûôĵӸִΪԴ쿪ɱ䣬ȴûҵ֤֮һ˶ħѾˡ
λ֪Ѿɱųе·š
ͬʱ˼ôԸ㣬һ¶β͡
ʱ绰ˡ
ϴϰļѾˣҪռϰʬ塣
УϾ͹ȥ


493 ʬ
λصĻҵʱѾѾվˣһ긾Ů޿䡣
Ȱ˵λŮģСֵľС㣬λˣϽ㱨
ϴϰķˣԱվŵĶ
Сͣһ£Ȼָһ˵Ǹˣϰķ˴һʦ˵ǰĹأ֮Ҫ뷨ʦеԹ
һüʱǺЩ򽻵ˣûꣿ
ʱϰķҲ˽´һΣȻԼıվٰɣ
θϽǰȥ˵£ŮʿʲôҪ󾡹ᣬֻҪܰ쵽ģһȫϡ
ֻϿҵɷȻ˻㽭ȥ
֮飬һ߰ѾĲˣղСѾܹ˰ɣ
ǣС־Ѿ˵ˣǸɷԵǸڵķʦҵɷ򡣡
һüǰû˵ģǸڵѵϰôڳ˷ʦˣ
ϰķ˺Ҳεɻ󣬸ϽĽ͵ҵɷȽţڹ̿ǰҪ뷨ʦȥˮģֻû뵽һʦȻ̰ͼҼҵǮƣҵɷ򡣡
仰û˵ʲôȻ֪е飬ͷɱϰЩ˵ȴǰ϶ġ
ʱȺеǸνķʦȴ˵ˡ
ں鷨ǿЩҲҪ˵ͼƺͷһš
תͷ˵ˣֻһ뷢԰׵ˣرİ׺ӣһ;ʮֵĿɿ
λǸڵʶ
ҲǶˣû뵽
˵λֽ˵ܲܿһλѵʬ塣
һ£Ȼͷ˵ԣھ͹ȥ
˵仰ԱߵСֽһ£ʹϰķԼ˼ֱӾȥͣʬ䡣
һȺֻȸоʾϰˣǸԵϰķȴ˸սͣ˽ŲȻֵ̿ĿԱߵλˡ
λֻüµ˵˷ģûʲô¡
仰ϰķŸҼǰߣǰߵҡҡͷЩ㽭˾Ƿ⽨š
κܿľͰԼͷˣΪ⼸ֵ飬λξеΨҲʼЩ
ڹԱĴ£һͣʬǰ˹ţһʬ塣
ϰķֻǿһۣʹſȥ
λǰȥϸϸĿϰʬ壬üͷȴĺɽһΪϰʬϣûиоκεĻ֮
֮Ȼ壬ͻȻϵʬ֮ҲմȾһЩ֮
ϰʬϣȴûз֡
ֻѾɢĻϣĻ嶼մȾЩġ
һֱڹ۲ЩˣǸüϽʵʲôͷ𣿡
ǸֻƳһۣµ˵ûʲô顣һ
ЩʧˣΪܵõʲôء
ڿϰʬ֮ϰķ˺һ£ͰʬߣȻڸһǹһ£˻ȥ
Աţֻ˵ϰ飬ʬ岢ûõʵļʬô죿һ˻ۻԼã
ϰķһ£Ȼ˵ҲΪɷģЩ˵ȻҪ𣬲Ҳ˵ģӦúܿͻߣڴ¾˸𣬲еĻѣһȫȨ𡣡
֮˵ͷܿͷӦλֻ˵˼ڵ飬Ǹͷǿһֶûᡣ
һҲΪղܵѾȷĸߵļ¶ͷģ˼ҲͷҲ֮顣
ϰķ˾ͳȥкԼǣʼϰ顣
λ˼ȴߵεԱ˵٣ȥԿһڷʦʬ˰ɣ
ȻǾʬ岻ɡ
뿪ˣתԱߵһУͣͷʬ
λ˼һžͶͷʬ壬۾пʼãһѹһǰһţʬϵİײϸĿĶͷ
žпʼȻʲôָĶͷ֮ϡ
վ˼ҵԱߣֵĶûֹ
ͷһΪ֮ʧ̾˿Աߵ˵ллˣܼλһ档
ĲЩʵôղ㿴ʲôûУ
λ˼һ£ʵ˵ڶԷŲţǾͺûϵˡ
ղʩչ̽Ϸʦǰ䡣
ôȲʵ
λ˼ҳһ£ȻϵļҲ˼Σʮֵĺ¡
һ˵ûпʲôõϢֻ֪ϷʦǰǳĿ־塣
֮һüλͷʱ򣬼ѾŸֵ󣬰Լͷҵ鲻ˣôе־壿
£ΪʲôԼĺ֣ɴֱһϵǸʹ
λϷʦվʬԱߣһ֣סʬţžһϸСǼᶨʼͷߡ
һλϷʦ͵һȻ˵ͷ֮һɲĹǰһ
õ֮ϷʦľͿʼͣ
Ҳ˲֪ͷȴ˽÷ǳ
ͷҪ˵ǰҲ߳ƣ㽭ķˮҲͷŵġ
һŮӣһӣ㿪ʼ֮֡
ǰһʱ䣬˵ͷĶͻȻ֮ȥˣеֻһ쿪ʼ˵ͷ³˽
һﾹȻǰоһ˿һֱӽðͷ
ͷǰʲôĹ֣Ȼȫûзء
ԼΪڵĸԤҲ֣ô
뵽ʱһδһս
У²ԼܹˣȻԷǮ٣ҲֵԼȥƴ
뵽ʱλͷ͸ϽĶԱߵ˵ͷҲûʲôˣĺ£ǾԼɡ
˵仰ͷǶһͷһ¡
οŶԷ뿪ӣ֪һʲôԼ֪飬Ͻ½ײͷͷϣȻ׷˳ȥ


494 
һȣлҪ˵
λεĽͣ˽Ų
ν߼λԱߣʵ˼ң˵ⱳǲǷǳ
λϷʦһֲõԤУһֱͷơ
Ԥı£ÿһΣյʱԤж֣Сʱǽѻ죬֪֮ǶΣյȻԤ֪
ҲƾԤУܹô˳˳ˮûʲôΣѡ
ԽԽҲԽԽߣԤѾʮûгֹˣû뵽ڽԤֳˡ
οɫԣǸϽĽʣҪɣòõҽԺ
λ˰֣Ȼ˵Ҫëˣһͺá
λһ£Ȼ˵·ǳļ֣ҲǳΣգϣô˰ɣҪ׷ˣĻ»Σա
˵仰ҲͲٹˣҴҵ뿪ܿʧˡ
ολҴߵıӰû׷ϣ̾һȻӡе۵ķ˿ֽճȭͷ
˵ڵ㣬ÿ£ڵ֮żеʵľȥTиĸһٺõģͬŮһۡ
ʱ˽һ£Ҳƽ£ûʲô۶ӳ֡
ΪϾҪȹĵһ£Խƻʱδż˵ۡ
㿴ǻòأΪѾˣڿβ֪ûô׹ȥһҲϾˣСسѾĴˡ
㽫õԼ֮УǵһˮȻԱ߳Ĭʻ
γĬ˺ܳʱ䣬ͻȻԼļߵţȵǳ˷䣬Ŷ˵Ѿ˽Ĳˣϣܹʵҽҿϱ߸飬ӿ䡣
һɫЩ仯ܿģ
٣Ҳ֪˵ʲô֤ݵĻʱץңû֤ݣϣ㲻Ҫٴˡ
γĬĿ㣬Ȼ˵˲֪ǼĪΪΪ޷죬ȴֻ֪֣©ҿ㻹ǽĺãȻһ˾ҾͲô˵ˡ
Ĭ˺óʱ䣬ͻȻ͵һЦ˳
ҿЦˣҪ֤ݣڲץңǲҵĻ
ô˵Ҳ¶ΣղűҪթһթ㣬ܲʧ룬ץס
ڿ뷨ЩˣԷȻɱˣ˵ʷǳĸߣĻᱻԼթ
վĬߵԣһģȻᶨ˵㲻Ҫ̫˵ˣһһֱģֱץסβͣͽȥ
˵֮ͷҲصľˣɫѾ࣬εıӰѾð׹⡣
ѾڽϾͶ֣һȥʡÿԼԼð
δż뿪˵ۣڿ쵽سǵʱ򣬰Լļ¸ˣԼųһĺԺС
һţͿһˣ̫ȭ
βûдվԱߵ˺ܳʱ䣬ֱУƽϢԼϢǰ˵ԷѾǼˣҪˡ
Ǹ˼⻰ƤӾ;һֲԤУٴϡ
ԭ˲ˣǸϰ˴㽭ϵTеλϷʦ
ҪˣȻȫ׼ǲ֪ԷĸߵͣҲܹȫ֤ҪǳɲҪԹҡ
ģԼˣֻҪܰ˴ӺڰﾾҾҲԵˡ
˼ҾĿ˿ǶԵԼϵľˣΪ߿˵ǰԼҪˡ
Ϸʦ˵ͷȻ˵ڻȥϢһ°ɣϿҪˡ
γĬĵ˵ͷȻԱߵһӣڴϳĬ˺ܳʱ䣬Ǵӻóֻ˲˹ȥ
ι𣿡
Ϲʲô𣿽ϻز˺óԵģСѾüûˣÿҪأҪٲ¶ʶˡ
ö޶һ˵Ǹ⣬ܿľͼᶨԼ־ȻԵ绰һ˵Щ»زˣȵ֮Ҿ뼸٣һڳȥúһ档
˰ɣϹ仰Ѿ˵˺üˣһģ˼ٸ˵⻰
Щ˼ģԼıӣȻ˵¾˵ɣо仰Ҫ㽻
ʲô˵ɣǲֽӼĸսûǮˣ
ԭһλˣ֮һֱӼԼƶսѡ
οЦһ£Ȼ˵Щˡ
ʲô಻ģ˭һôģ˭̯һϹء
ŵĻθӵ¶˵Ƿ䴲һӣ֪ɣ
֪ǲı˭һͷƢ
ڲӵʱһξһλˣ͸ҵģߺһǳֵǮĴЩһֱԥҪҪ׸ңѾˣⶫͽ㣬ˣǼҺúùӰɡ
ʲôӣҵϹȻˡ
Ǻǣˣҵĵ绰ûˣĵɣסǶٵֵʮ򣬿ɱˡ
绰һߵһɲԤУϹ⻰ôǽѽ
ϹǱǲǳˣ
ܳʲô¶ķڶҰǾͻȥúõΡ
˵仰֮ξͰѵ绰ˣȻ۾˴ϣҲ֪ʲô
վԺλϷʦƤֱֲòõԤͷͣӿԽԽǿңСûиоġ
ͺһˣѾһذ׷ŵüģֻҪǰһ£ͻһ
ָоʵ̫ˣѾϷʦЩڷǳĺڡ
ԼôᱻǸٸжˣ£Լݽ鷳֮С
Խô룬ֲԤԽԽŨңԼĻУһ顣
⴮ӵʱǲԤǼһЩ
λϷʦһ⴮ӻ˳ȻϸĸӵƤ
е⴮ӲƽǸߵľĻʲô鱦֮ģһѩ׵Ĺ顣
ⷿĽ䣬⴮鷢ˣһĹ⣬˿Ų
ϷʦʱȴһҸЦݡ


495 ɷ
˵еһֱֵϣ۾Ӵ֮˳صԼķ֮С
ԼĴһ룬׼ɳһСȥ˶ԷˣԽԽͷ
ϵʵ̫ˣǸٸҲ磬ҪŭԼ
ôĿʲôѵΪԼǰˣˣ𣿿²
ת˼Ȧ벻׶ԷҪʲô²׶Է˼ҪֻҪԼж㹻ĽԷ
һСˣҪȫԸһĹȥ
뵽֮Ͷ˼ֻó˿ģһӾһɺ̴ӿƮ˳ڵһһɫòŮӡ
Ů֮ܿ˿ڴߵ㣬¶ЦݣƮƮԣϣĶ˵๫𣿡
ǿҲŮӣǳ˵Ҫһˣҳһͷ
Ŷʲô๫󶯸ɸꡣ
һٸĹٲ⼸һֱΪǸ㽭ϰңֱڼУʡü鷳
ҵʲôأҪ๫Ը⣬ھߣһʱ֮ھͻ㱨š
㿴ǰŮţҲǳ⣬Ҫ˵ͣŮȷʵĲ绹ִĹûһܳŮġ
ãҷġ
˵仰֮ʹӻȡһֽݵŮǰ
ֽǰ֪ͨжʱһִεǩ
ǸŮӹŻִ±ߵǩϸĿ˿
ȻǩϾһֵĲ˸ǸŮһ֣ͽⲨ֮󣬱۾Ӧһ¡
ۣԱߵ˵黹Щ棬ֲ๫ǰȥȥĻ»첻¡
Ů˵仰ƮƮ뿪ԣȥǿҪſڵʱͣתͷýĵ˵๫·;ôԶѵһŮ߹ȥ𣿰Ǳٽʹʹ
Щεҡҡͷӻȡһֽ͵ľŮ˹ȥ
ŮǰһֽסȻϲĿ˿ĵͷȻŶȥ
ҾŮӿҪ뿪۴ŵʱͻȻڷе˵ˡ
øɾһ㣬ҪֵǷꡣ
ǸŮ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ˵֮еֽһףֽƮڵϵʱѾһֽӡ
һŮ͸ϽĽǸŮ˽ӡ
ŮڽиӦһָָ֮ǸֽƮ˰֮У͵һͱƵĴС
Ȼںҹ֮ԶƮȥ

˵ʱǸĺԺ֮УѾǵĵ͵ơ
Щ͵ƴһٶյɷķλС
ԶǸϷʦϥĬĬֲ֪
ﲻͣǵһٶյ͵ƾȻһεĲϵĸӦ
һÿһյ͵ƵĻУһ޵񽫡
Щ񽫿ǳƮһܽȫĴ
ǾҲһ˸оëȻơ
ʱԱеΣѾǾˣһֵĻɫĵۣ֮ϻһЩͼڵ׺
Ϊȫ͵ŶԷ֣Ȼ˳ŶԷķҵһնݳ
ҲμϷʦϷʦγĵķϣȫ
ȻԼΪģʵǸϷʦϰ˵һʲƵТ
ĻϷʦľôΪһ˵ĳĿ󣬾ͰԼҲҪˡ
ǸϰķҲ֪һգԲû¶ͷֻΪϷʦṩ˴ʽ󣬾ĵĻ㽭ȥˡ
һֱȵʮҲĶϷʦΪ첻ˣкνϢ˵
ǾʱԺвõЩ͵ƣͻȻĿʼҵȼգȼ֮лһζƮš
ϷʦѾŵĽţʱͻȻ˻
ŶߵգԼЩˣû뵽ԷȻʩչֶΡ
ϷʦܿľͳΪԺеǷǳġ
Ҫ˵ⷨҲǷͬСɣ
ϷʦʱһΣһɽһѧġ
ֽⷨɷǵɵһ󷨣ܵγĴѹɢ˽֮С
ɽӦɵһĵʿǸܷӦò⵱£˵Ϸʦ
ڷ󣬶Ӧסţʹ֮ɢͨ߶ԪŽڷ֮С
ʱ޵齵䵽Уһħ
ڵõ֮ⷨϷʦֻʹùһΣһһʩչһĽʬ
ΪϷʦŶģͲŶԷĹܹǸʬ
Ѿȫ׼ʱͻȻһֽӣֻаƴСڵϵʱȴ͵һΪһ˶ߡ
ֽԺеʱ򣬵ϵķ̾ˣֻһİɫƮ˳ֽӶȥ
Щֻͨǣһӽֽ̾͵һĽ⡣
ֽҲķ㳤ʱı
ȻͣķųɨǣǽҲһɿĲֽӻС
ڽеǸ￴üͷҲ壬ϸĹۿԺеķ󣬷ⷨȻûмһ˿衣
Ҳǰ󷨵ıԵԺеǸϷʦ˵ͷôĲʶôҪ๫Ĵ¡
ǺǣﾹΪѵ֪ãӦˬ
ͷŻңôûʲôãʶĸϿ˷㲻ȻĻ֪ҵ
ϣȻǾûʲô˵ˣб
ǸԵһЦ˳ֲɵӣϸñᣬôȥ
ֻҲ˵ֽӵĽء
̾йĺ̴ֽð˳Щһͻ˼ʮЩצֱеϷʦȥ
ϷʦһôҲһЩǵһƽķʦЩʮЩæҡ
ķѾȫʱ򵹿÷Щȫ
뵽ϷʦҲɣֻԱһľɷָһ¡


496 ۾
Ϸʦһָɷڿʼп
ֻǹ⣬£ɷеЩ͵ҲʼƮ˰֮С
Щ͵Ʈ֮ҲһʼŹЩ⿪ʼռʱеЩ͵ѾˣƮڰеѾһ񽫡
ЩѾɵеЩϵһգ̾ͷ˲ҽ֮žͻһŵĺʧ˿С
ֽеǸüͷֻ壬ʮֵ⡣
ЩǶƷֻҪǱʧˣץˡ
ЩɵԺеķû뵽ҿղԼһЩĻУԼȻǲ£ҲЩ
еϷʦǹǲԺӣҲЩ˾ü֣Ҫǹﲻ뷨֮УôܹｵסȻͨ﷨ӳǸʿϣǸ
ֻǳˣǣеķǽá
סڸеΣſڴϿԺеһء
һ۷̥ǿģһǴϷʦ赽ţᣬҲܹԺǹò
ڵѾѼʮĹ̶˼ά÷飬û뵽й
ʱ򣬽Ϸʦӵǽϴһһ
ǸղϷʦõϵţ˼˵θϿ쵽ԺУǰȥǸŮ
ûмֵĻƾеһҲûʲôµģΪ˹֣˵֮ϵǹҲ˲١
ЩԼΪҪҪΪ˱˶ȥðա
ǽϴԽԽѾķңҧҧⲻ֪ĵ۾ʹܵԺ
θոԺ֮УߵǸ̾˸ӦתͷеΣ¶һ˿΢Ц
һҲڷԥˣֻĽӣֽǰһҲ˷С
Ÿոյڷ̾͸оҲ˱任ֻм׿ԺӣѾ֮Ѿǳ֮䡣
ͨˣһѾŵû겻ˣԴֻ΢΢һЦȻٴĶֽӡ
ֻֻߣ̾ͷųһĺڹ⣬ڹֽӵϱγһɡǣɡ֮һĺֽȫİס
һ߸ո귨һ߷ˣֻ֮108ǣЩһĹɿʼͣתÿתһȦһ¡
ЩֻǴֽγɡΧγһĲƣֽӲûκε˺
վеϷʦϥһ֮У֮ڣԶֽӣûܵκε˺ҲЩԾ
û뵽ԷĽӾȻͨȻֵܹķ󣬶ҿǽӲ
ֽҲͨķӦһ˵ķ
뵽֮ϷʦҲЩģҪԼԼķҪǹƶԷڽеǹͲκε˺Լ¾ûôˡ
ʱҲܾʹ˷ϷʦһҧԼʳָԼüͷϻһֵķš
žͿ壬׽˷档㣡
ɷַ˱仯ЩֵǹѾһ񽫡
Щͬ񽫸ٱȻ͵һףЩͻһ⣬ֱֽȥ
һֽӿЩ鷳ˣһڽΧɡ֮ϣɡϵĺҲԽԽѾʣһ˿˿ۿžҪʧ
ǹüû뵽ԷķôһС
ҲãԼ
ʵԴԼĽӱɢ֮Ͷֽӡ
ʱֻҪһͻҪֽӣҪҲûоܾЩʱѾֽһЩӦ
Ȼ޷ﵽֱЧǣҲֽܷӵˡ
ֻٴһ£ֻֽΧĺһȻ͵ٴͣ󻯳һɫ
һֽͣӵϿտʼת
תⱳһ̾ʹֽӵԷɹҲ޷ֽӲһ˿һв
ȻڷеϷʦȫ߶󷨣Ȼֽûκεá
ϷʦЩˣû뵽ı󷨶ڶԷȻûκεá
ʱڽеǸ΢΢һЦȻ͵ǰֱӾԵηȥ
ֽеĹΪʤȯգܹõ˵ʱȴ˱仯
ֻŵǼɫĵۣͻȻķһɫâ
Щâ͸֮кĳһΰĴڣһ˿ϵ
ǹﱾѾεĸɫĹâһɨͣ˽ŲȻһ⣬
һԼжһ
ʱϷһɢͷУ̤ɫ꣬⣬֡
ǹһ̾ͷһ˿Һԭˣۡ
ơ䡱׳ơۡϵۡӦʥ۾ơ۾
ഫΪžֹ̫ӣͣԽΣԱ䵱ɽʮɣշ򱱷
ʱеǸϷʦʼġ
Ԫ죬öȺԡΪϡʮʦȴ󱯣ȿѡԪܹܣʹԫ󽫾˳Ӧ죬ʴҡЭʦ࣬ϵۣڻħ𡣡
ĵĲеۣһ˿ԣתĿŽеǹ
ϻʱ
˵仰֮еıͻһ⣬ֱֽնȥ
һֽϷҲ޷ⱦĽ⣬ֻһ̾ͻ˻ҽ
ֽҲǰ׸ģҲ֪ʲôɾȻӲޱȣ۵ıնֽϣҲֻֽ˼ɣûκε˺
ʹڽеǹҲܣڽֹ֮ͣ͵һںѩ׵ڼѾ͸ˡ
ﲻû⣬Ǹӵŭˣ͵һ´ֽܳӣлһɺֱ̣۵Ʈ˹ȥˡ


497 ׷ɱ
ɵĺ̻ûнӽۣϾʹŽ⡣
Щ͸ʱͿռϣʮάȫ
ǺɫһӽЩ⣬һʼûжһһź̾ʧ֮һ
ʱں֮дһŭ
ź̺ǻȻǿеĴ͸Щ۵ǰ
۽ٵĻź̾ͣҲ۵ԡ
ϧǣֻϷʦʩչ󷨣ǿеٻ۵һ˿ͶӰ
һ˿˿ͶӰȻڶһħ˵Ѿзǳ壬Ƕ˵ûж
۵ͶӰûܹħӵŭƴȫһ
۵ͶӰȷʵѾǷľһ̾ͻƣʧ˰֮С
ȵƽϢ֮ٿŹɵḷ́ѾƮȵڵϻԭεʱ򣬷Ѿңɫü͸
վеϷʦ龰ϴϲȻ˵ԼõĴûκεҲʧСӣӦش
ȻԼóȡʡһٻָ֮Լ鷳
Ϸʦ뵽ֻ͵ǰһԣеľֱŹϾͳ˹ȥ
Ȼǻ۵ӰǣѾǵǿ֮ĩζЩվȣϷʦһ飬̾ͻɵһẓ́Ҳάֲסˡ
ǺɫҲʶȤѾ²Ϊֱһܣ뵽Ǹֽ֮Уֽ֮͵һƮķƮȥ
ǸϷʦ֪ҪȥָԪٴιʱԼûڲôԸˣǾնݳ
ֻϷʦ֮һŷ䣬дʣžͶźʧķ˹ȥ
ŷ˰֮Уͣһ£Ѱҷ򣬽׼ֽӵĵط͵ľƮȥٶǿ硣
ϷʦΪʤȯյʱֽͻȻķųһڵĹââֱǷɹķ䡣
ŰǾײһǷ䱻ڹһ壬̾ͷų˹âžȥ
ǺɫĹⲢûֹͣڻ˷֮ǰһ·ƻϵ108յȫڹ𣬽ǺڹϷʦǰ
Ϸʦξ֪ڹʵ̫ˣԲǸʹģһǱǸʿʩչ˱¡
һϷʦֻ͵һܣξһһӷԱһ㣬Ŷ˺ڹϮ
ֽڷųһڹ֮ûмͣǴŹһԶȥ
ղŵһйȻϷʦȻڵ֮Уʵֽͨһֱ۲˵ʽ
ڷֹѾˣҪֽͨܣԷȻǽ׷ʱҲЩŭˣʩչֽͨӷųһڹ⡣
ڹĵɷľͱȵλЩʦʩչһǰķҪǿࡣ
ڹһ·ƻϷʦʶĿ죬Ѿ
黹û꣬Ѿϳܹ;֣ȻѾˣûȥֻǲˡ
Ҫ˵ֵѾ˲żüãȻֵ»һսթĹ
ֻӻȡһŰƴСͼȻͼĴһ
֮ͼ֮оƮһɫӰ
һһͨӰԺ֮С
Ӱ΢΢ͣһ£˼ʲôžһ磬Ͼʧˡ
Ӱʧû⣬ѪӰʵǿԽάȣѾ뵽άĿռ䣬Ȼͨάķֻһ˲ѾϷʦ׼õĺԺС
ʱԺеϷʦţôأ
ʵЩԣұΪԷܹʹ֣û뵽ԷȻܹʩչԸǣԷѾ˼ĵزƾҵûа취Կˡ
ô죿ǲɣ
ηǳĽǰЩ飬ۼ£ѾǶoɡ
Ϸʦûк£΢΢һЦȻ˵ȻԸиطǸʿʩչκηɶá
ʲôطΣ¶һ˿ϲ
Զһ﹩һѾֱ͸ʣӦһλеĴʥֻҪǶУҾͲǹܹĵʩչͨ
ãȻа취ͺã𵢸ˣ̾ߡ
ʱͻȻһֻѪֱ֣Ϸʦͷ
λϷʦ̸ЦʵһֱھܣͻȻоͷ粻ƣ̾Աһ
һϷʦǶһನȴŵԱߵΣֻôһ£ε۾ͱѪܵġ
ǵѪӰҪֵʱͻȻ֮ͣǽʲôȻĽ³صά
ǸϷʦһ˵ȣûʲôΣգŴܵεԣץһֻû˵֣˵ھ͸ϿߣĻǹһܲˡ
ղһȷʵϷʦŻˣȻǲ֪ʲôάάִ֮˵ȴоһֱǱһֻ
ҪѹȸղǸҪࡣ
Ҫ֪Ǹﶼƴȫʩչѹ׵ٻ۵һ˿ͶӰŻ˵ģ˸ģûֶˣҪٲӿûˡ
Ȼ۵ֱҧͷҲֻǿˣ˵ײײܳĺԺԱߵԡ
Ϸʦҵ˿²ܿˣ㿪ô
ϷʦҲ̾ʹ򿪳Ž˼ʻңθϽһ˸ʻ֮Ƿһʼڵ·֮Ͽ񱼡
ȴ֪Ȼǳٿ÷ɿ죬һӰά֮ⲽһֱǸǡ
ԭղЩϾҪɱǵʱͻȻĴѪӰʱͣ֡
Ϊ˵ҪƾŹֵһֺ
һˣⲻͶ𣿼ȻǾȥǼ
λϷʦεĳʮӵļʻ˹ǰ
ΪʱѾǰҹˣˣ˼СѾš
֮°Ϸʦǰƴţһһߴ󺰡
ߵʦѽɾĶæȾ
Ϸʦʮߣ˻
ӷʩСѾˣҪҪа


498 
ŶԷһ仰С֮ڵֳǴɮ˵Ϣ˼Ҳˡ
Ϸʦλ࿴˿Ϸʦεؼߺʦ˴ȱΪͰæɣʮǮ
ǮʹĥߵһҪʮǮ̾˻
ȻʩϣŹҲλĴš
仰һ䣬Сű㱻ˣ߳һװֵĺС
ǺгһǸ˼ҵʿûʲôȻҲ࣬ǿȫ
ǣԱߵλЩˣһ첲ѾѪ͸ˡ
һǺпЩģҪǿмҲͲˡ
Ҳ˲ʲôǮˣתȥ¹š
Ǵзʦٶȸ죬ǰһһ־סȻź˵ʦһʤ߼ѵһ޵ʲô𣬰ݵʲô
ǸװֵĺЩΣת˫ֺʮ˵λʩǵܵʲô˵׷ɱƶɮȻǸУҲ已̥Ϊλʩ֣ʩ
˼Ѿ˵װˣҾǸˣôĻҿǰﲻǣǻǸϿ߰ɡ
ǸϷʦҲûʲô˵ˣֱӾʹӻȡһſݵǺеС
һʮпҵǮϣʦܹһ棬жһ㡣
ǸнӹпЩԥһҧпŵԼĻУȻţ˽
ڹ֮ԺϢ
ȴϷʦܾˣ˵ǶģһؽȻҪΰݲΰݣʦȥ۱
֮Щ㶣ζؿ˿Ϸʦ
˿²ܵʲô׷ɱ⵽˲ɾĶⶫǳǣŲò㵽ԼС֮С
ĻҲôżȥ۱ȥΰݣڹı֮±ȫ
Լո˼ôǮҲûбҪʱɨˡ
бϷʦ˴˴۱ţ˵ڡ
Ƚ˴۱ϷʦϸĹм
Ϸʦķ֮£ǹ͸һķ⣬ͷһֱأҺһֻ֪ĿռĹ
еֻ̥ͬԣѾǺ˸ӦֻЩطֱܹѡ
ϷʦԱߵλ࿴˿ȻϾ͹ڵأϵĸλ˸ͷ
ǸװֵĺУʱùֱĵݸϷʦΡ
˸Ͻվе¯֮һι򵹸ͷ
ʱͻȻƮһƣ֮һѪӰ˹Ĵ۱ǰ
ӰӣϷʦǴʧɫ
ѪӰȸղŵǸӵĹ졣
ⶫǵӦִڵⲻǿЦ
ǸѪӰҪĴʱǵеĹʱһŭ𣬽ǹʢǸѪӰ̾ͱˡ
ҲǿѪӰԼµķϣ飬Ҫһ֣ƾղŵ⣬ܽĻɢ
ǸѪӰͣһ£Ͼ忪ʼάܿľͽάռ䡣
һάռ䣬ͿǰһŽɫĹâ˸һ̫һŸĿռ䡣
ǸѪӰâȻоһķâڱȴǻһиУЩ
ʱŹâʼ𶯣һâʼս߳һķ
С£
ѪӰǲ֪ǰλҲ÷ֻ֪ǰλֻҪԼҲκεĵʧ
ֻѪӰ΢΢Ĺ˹Ȼһʹ˹Ժ֮С
ϾˣԭԼǰˡ
ڿЩΪҪѪӰԼĵɱˣôʱ򴫳ȥԼɾͻˡ
Ҫ赲ѪӰԼҪԼҲܡ
ķΪѵʱ֮һմ䵽Ժ֮С
ԭѾոоߵ飬ͨµ
ڵѾı뷨ʱ׼һܱܲл
ܹôеȨһŻԼһ֡
׼ѪӰ͹κϷʦǰһ˫ɡ
΢΢һЦŶǰѪӰ˵֪һҲˡ
ǸѪӰһιȻ͵ؿʼάάռ䡣
ǹҲʼɢȥΣ»һŻȵ̫
ʱĹ֮УǹȻŹâ
Ϸʦâ֮иоǰδеůرѾʼٵϣûж೤ʱ趼ˣǴûܹһ
ǸԵֵĺУѾĿɿڴ
ȻС֮еһʱ֣˵ʵҲǻһڷԡ
˵ǸûС
ڿĹʵʵڵԼǰʥλֲһǰδе룬ֻڹ֮ǰϵؿ˼ͷȻҲ
ʱԺͷǸѪӰҲʼ˱仯ֻӿʼŤźǽһάȣֻһ˴֮С
ʱ򣬴۱Ĺǻһֻһֶֻоһġ
ֻôһ¾һҽ֮֮ŵѪӰֳ̾ΣȻ󱻴Ĺ˼ѾЩƮ˲ᡣ
ѪӰҲǾôҪưոݣٴεһΣѪɫӰҺһʼڻ֮ЩҺһӹ
ǹôô׵ľ͵ֻ֣ǹٴγ֣һӵƮȻ󻯳ɵһĽ⽫Ϸʦ˰֮С
Ȼǹһ˷ֻۣڵϵѪɫӰӱ㱻һδɢ
һѪӰҲֲסˣһӣǷٵҪӳ۱
ʱӺѾˣֻмĹٴ̧֣ȻһѪӰ֮ϣѪӰ㲻ıε˰֮У֮󻯳һ⣬˹С
Ȼ񣬹â㰵еѪӰҲʧ˵ǰ
ڰеİϷʦڹâʱǵĽҲʧˡ
һֱӾʹӰˤ˵ϣҲҿ˶ЩûˤˣĻôһ¾͹סҽԺˡ


499 ͷ
ϷʦδӵĳһصĽǹȥˡ
ǽȴһɴûе֮ģǵӿ
ֻηĹ˹֮ǰؿס
ʱάռ֮Уķо֮Ͷ뵽Լ֮С
رеһ֮ӵļᶨû뵽
ϾһͻȻԼڹҲǳΪǳͽû뵽λһӾͿ׼ͽС
ܿľƽһͽ˵ûʲô
ʱάռеĹ֣һѪӰ
ɫһ֣ѪӰԱ֮ѪӰһһŤ»ɵԭΡ
ˣȥɡ
ǸѪӰһ£֮󣬲ΥϽʩȻάռ֮пһֻһ˲䵽ĵ۸
ЩӰһӽ˵ۣǰ
ǰ˰죬Ҳ֪ô
ֻ΢΢һЦȻ˵Ѿ֪˺͡
һ֣ǸѪӰ̾˻еͼ֮С
վԺУԶС΢΢һЦţһʵ˰ɡ
ͬʱʻЩңһϵȫͿԽ˵Ϊá
ͷոյһڹǹͷųâֱϷʦε֮С
âһ˵ʶ֮У̾ͽ˵Ļǻסâ͸˵Ļ֮Уĸı˵˼롣
Ƿͨ޸˵˼룬ڲ֪֮гΪǵĿܡ
ߵϷʦλ֪ʲôֻ֪һǶȹ鷳ˡ
ʦǸô죿ȿʵ
Ϸʦһ̯֣Ȼε˵ô죿ظҸҸ衣ѵ㻹ٺǸʿԣ
ϷʦҲˣƾ㱾£ҪǸʿ⣬ֱѻʯ
컹ܹڹУǿסһҪǳȥ鷳ǾԲˡ
̾һȻ˵һΪָڿļˣԺҪˡ
ڶûз֣˼뾹Ȼ޴ת䡣
ҪǰǰԸײǽܹͷġ
һؾȻƮƮģͰ׵һߡ
ҲҾô뿪Ǿ۱֮д˵̣˯һҹ
ȵ˵ڶ죬ɫ̫ϸˣŸ뿪Сصسǡ
˸ոջصسǣ绰ˣϷʦ˵绰һȻü
ԼĽɲҵֻǿĽͨ绰
ѽôʲô¶𣿡
ʦôˣҲøҸػ˰ɣ
ϷʦЩÿҲЩǿӲ
ûаףǸ˱Ҫ뱨ɡ
˵仰֮ϷʦϾ͹˵绰Ȼ˵˺ǴӽԺҲˡ
ҲϷʦʶΪѾܵ˹Ӱ죬ĿʼԶһж鷳顣
ԱߵΣʱ˵ϷʦǾֱˣԺҪʲô磬㿴ɺã
ǸϷʦҲֻǵ˵ͷͽֻ·ŻԼĶУ֮ͷҲص뿪ˡ
οϷʦıӰҲεģҡҡͷ֮ͻԼİ칫ϰȥˡ
ڵ֮ͨѾ˵жһͬʱѾ˽е롣
ǲɵ¶Цݡ
ȻɱǿˣӽԺԼֶߡ
ԼԺҪıһԼ·ˣԼһЩ²Ǹ𣿺αصĸϾɱ

ڵ֮Ϣ죬ȻȥسегˣֱӵľͰԼԵǸظˡ
Ȼ͵ԶһƧˡ
˽ڷص飬ţȻ򹫰˻㱨θѹ£ܿͲ֮ˡ
֧ûиţϵľ͸۵ϰķ˹ȥ˵绰ǰ˵һ顣
Ǹϰķʱ㽭Ҳʵ⵹Ϣˣ㽭˺ܶķʦѯڴ½顣
ЩһڴʦͶ˴½ЩСôմǣԶһ
ټǸϷʦɴĶ˺磬λˣ½˲Լܹǵġ
˵Ȼ˵ϰˣϰĲƲȨ̳ˣ˵һ£λҲ鷳ˡ
ڽӵ֧ĵ绰֮λֻķһ£͹˵绰
֧ҲˣԼүǳ׵ʧȥˣԷҲͶˡ
һ뵽֧ͷǳջ𣬱ΪܹƾͶô˸ΪɽϵǸʿ¸ˡ
֧ͰѴĴɲȫټôɽϵʿһÿ
ڴίЩˣ㿴ҿ㣬֪ô죬ϾǸʿҲЩϵģ㲻سеľӶûа취
֧ԱߵĴ峤˵ˣҿǲ˴󶯸ɸ꣬ϾʿҲʶһЩˣҪַˣҲûʲôô
֧һḷ́Ȼ˵ô˵ʿһƻǴĴ£Ҫǲһ˵Ժô±ߵˡ
ɲصͷȷʵ⼸ڳӻˣЩСǣЩɲǶǷǳԹԡ
ǻ˵ˣҲΪϰ屻ɱˣӲŻ˵ġ
ǰʿЩ谭ҲֲѽڹֻЩɲˡ
ڳֻǸ֧֪ϰ¿ºɽϵǸʿѲ˹ϵ
ַ⽨ŵ飬ֲڴίֱӵ˵ֻǰѹС
治ʣʱϰ£Ĳ˭һŵĻ
У²ܾôˣһȻѹסһͷ⻹ˣ
ίļɲ֧ҧгݵӣЩ˵֪ôȰλ˼ҡ
⼸ɲ뷨֮Уȷʵ˼ûʲôϵϾҲ˼ɱģ˵˼ݻˣΪ⼸仰Ҫ˼ҵ鷳ȷʵЩûе
֧鿴ļɲûиԼ֪в£Ǻݺݵһվ˵ˣҸ𡣡
˵֧֮ͶԱߵλ峤˵ȥҰɽϵĵˣҲˡ
Ǵ峤ЩΪѵ˵Щð죬Ͼϵ磬ǿǹҵ飬Ҫ˽԰ˣҲý
ʲôңҾͲˣͷô죿
ί˻࿴˿ûа취ֻǰմ֧˼ˣϾ֧ȨѾʮ̫ߣǻͷûʲô취


500 
ǳĺãΪǰʱ鷳ȫˡ
Լһ裬ֻСӹñˡ
Ǿĸ˵ʱֻͻȻˣڰŪ˰ֻκá
֮Ͻֵ·￴˿·Ѿȫֹͣˡ
ΪֻǶϵˣԻ⣬ϵʱɽµұǵƻͨССĵһƬڡ
һ֪ˣ˸Լʹѽ
̫ˣû취Щ˵ģڶ˵ߺߵ뵽
ֻľͿʼ˵ڶ۾·ҲʦˣҴҵľɽ
ȵɽ£ֱίᡣ
㻹ʶ˵ģǸսһ˻ûкˣǸ˾ûһһ´ܵԱߵҲˡ
üڶԼѽԼȥǵ鷳ԽԼԽҪȥô¡
뵽ֱӾ˴֧İ칫ң˰죬ȴû˻Ӧ
һ˵ĻȻľͻΪ֧ûʲôˣǵ֮ĸоѾ޷ĵز
˼ʹվ⣬ҲѾоڷһɳţĬ
Щˣվߺ֧ô£Ϊʲôͣ磿ٽ˵ѻôģ
㺰˰߶ûлߺߵĶ˵û꣬һٱģΥģ֪֪
ô߾ûл˼Ǵ⣬Լˡ
ǹԼ鷳ѽ
뵽֮ߺߵת˴ίߣֱֻӾ͸صҵִ˵绰
صҵ˼ͦõģڽӵþٱ֮̾ͱʾǻάԱ鿴
õ𸴻⣬ߺߵĻصȥˡ
ʱ򣬵ҵֵĳȻұ
һϵеļ鷢·û⣬ֵɽұıվһͨ۵·բˡ
ڴ¿բ֮ĵ˹ֻʱֻȻûźš
ˣұǸԼֱŤ
ôĴ㻹ûа취ܲɳֽȫɱ˰ɣһҲû취ˡ
ûа취ֻٴֻͨѶ˾ϣָܹԼһߵźš
˼ͨѶ˾ڽӵ㱨֮󣬵ҹάԱȥһûʲôʵԵĹϣΪͨϵһ߱Ϊļˡ
ڻָź֮ԽԽûʲô취
ǾΪұ˳Ҳ˵ʱеĵһͣˣźҲͨˡ
û취ˣɽµЩһԸķûС
ҪһЩͨķ˻Ǵ˵Ļ㻹ܹʩչǲǶڵµЩ²ȥ֡
̾ʱͻȻǵһưô
վ͸ӿ߲ͣµˮüͷͻȻչ
ȻԷԼ鷳ҲǺǵģ͸Էһѵ֪ԼЩ˵ĺ
뵽֮ǰëʣˢˢ㣬дһŷ䡣
䲻Եģ
ҪұʹѽѾǵưˣһôұһزһˮǹȥˡ
ҲЩԴݲ˰档
Աߵ鷿鷿еһ̳Ȼʼ
ʱȽϽûʩչΪó׷ǰꡣ
׷Ȼ˵ʵҪĻ̱ȽϷ
ֻʩչһЩ׵ķӳһʱ䡣
ⷨҲǽҵ귨һЩ򻯡
ֻڷ̳ǰ̤豦ͣذѱָضķ򣬹һ̳ǰ
ˮˮ֮׵磬Ǭ̡꣬粮ǰɶˮ֮Դһ٣ǰ
ְԼõˡ
Ҳշ̳ôЩ̳ţȻͻط˯ȥˡ
˯ȥˣȴ벻ı仯
ԭǱ걾ֻһۿˮСˣϾҪֹͣǲ֪ʲôԭͻȻӿٴܲǱСı꣬ʼӴ±ƯĴꡣ
˯ˣұɾˣҶж꣬Ϊһ͹ˣû꣬һ¾ĸСʱׯڶѾˡ
տʼʱұĴΪһ긲ǵķΧǳĹ㣬绰Ǳһʣ֪˼Ҹڴ궼Ѿͣˣ±ľұ
һұĴǺ䶯ˣɲС£Ҫǰׯڸˣһƿɾͳˡ
Щ֧Ĵ£ʼˮˮ
ˮٶȶϲϻˮٶȣæһͽ޹
ʱеĸŮѾ̱﹡Աߣе˾ȻСĿ
Ǿ벻ˣүǸʲôҪұĴѽ
ұĴ峤վ֧ԱߣҲǰ̾Ĭ˰죬˵Ҫٲͣһׯڿɾˣǻ֧Ԯˡ
֧鿴ưõĴ꣬Լﲻͣ۵ˮ۹ȴ˲ԶСɽ
̾һȻ˵ȥɽϵ۵ĵͨˣȻٰϡ
ҵ֧飬ڶʲôʱ㻹ЩǻǸϽ취ôְɣȻĻһǴô
֧Цһ£Ȼ˵ģûʲô£ҿһͻͣ
峤̧ͷ˿ܲĺƣƮһߣͿôͣ
ˣҵĻ׼ûҪǳҸ𡣡
˵仰֧֮ͱһҡһεĻԼȥˡ
峤ҡҡͷ̾˿ȻϽԸ˸ͨ˵Ȼ󣬰Ҳ½ϡ
ҲܲˣϾү¡
Ҫľǰͷ֡
ʱڵĵͻȻеĵˣֻWiFiѾˡ
΢΢һЦǵұЭˣҲãʡµĴ֣ʱԼҲ
֮վ鷿֮У̳֮
ڷ̳ǰһȻдʡ
𳵻𳵣֮ңΪ˧ιġɨаԼۣҫĿˮ࣬Ѹ޲·ϵۻ㡣
֮ϽĽˡ
㷨꣬ߵ꾹Ȼ漣ĿʼѸٵûмӵʱ䣬ԭǺܲھȻ硣


501 ؼ
ڵϢ˼죬žͿʼٻó
ڶλүûκεĵֿһӵ绰̿һСʱ˵ۡ
һ³ͿԱߵѾʧˡ
һ°Ķ߿Ҳˬ࣬ε֮Ҳʧˡ
ǰҲţֱӾͿ˴ţ˵ڵԺС
һʱҡϱ۾أоĶʵĲС
߼ԣֱӾͰһոõϺõൽԼ
۾˿ε˵ҪȲ裬ﻹУọ̃𣿡
ߣһ绰ҾżæŵĸϹˣôһ費ˣ
úúãȣҪǲ߻Ҹϣ
ˣѾˣ˵ɣһΪʲô
վ˵һλѾüˣǻûؼҿΣ׼ȥϢ죬Ȼٰ¶
֮ҲЩ棬㻹ʲô£
ȻԼҪȥŷ޵ֻǺҵûʲôиϰȥһη£η³ܴ󣬿µôһʱܻ
۾ʼˣ˵ôӦ÷ǳĶɣ
㿴۶ðˣҡҡͷȻ˵²ܲ͵ģ⣬Ҫ׬Ǯʱ仹й򣬸ϿҼϰ塣
֮Ҳֻǵ˵ͷδûϵˡ
ʦ㣬Ȼ͵͵ħͯӿԼĵۣŹźһ˳ؼȥˡ
˼ſڣŷûмԿףεؿ˿Աߵ˼绰үӡ
ε̯̯֣Ȼ˵㶼ɿˣȥ·󶼲ʶˡ
۾¶һ˿ıˣܿľͱѹȥ
Ѿ޳˵ɣѾֻ࣬һĿģǾ޳ɣɾǳϵĵ
ʲôģڳɾǰᱻѹơ
ֻһ˲ıˣܿľ¶ЦݣһԵ˵ⲻʱæ𣿵æһʱ䣬Һúһ㷼ҾͲˣҵŮѵñȥȥ
˵ʱֻһһС˵˵ЦЦһ
תͷһˣĸףŮؼˡ
һĸףϵľʹĴЦݣСܵԣȻֺõϷүˣòҸöѽ
һԵķףϵЦݣһ¾ʹܵԣֱӾץס䣬ˡ
ϽŮ˻УȻСһ¡
ʱˣ˭ѽľڴϱ˼ҵĺӣϿ콫£ұץ㡣
㿴ŭɫ֪ϷүˣǸϽһϴ
裬һȷʵæ㲻ʱ㱻صȥ
óʱ䲻ؼңǳŭģһӲ㱻صϾͻһĵı顣
ô£ѵ㷸ˣȻĻ˼ҾΪʲôץ㣿
ʲôѽ֣֮ǻؼң˼ϸĽ㡣
Ҳ˲ԹģϽǰ˵ͷͿţý
Ƚ˼žȲ㣬ô£ϽҽҪķ˷ȥͶҲܴӿ䡣
ɳϱŮε˵֣֮С±ߵǸһͶʴϰ壬ͻȻıɱˣҲ֪˭Ļɺйأҵ˸׵Ųûϵ
֮һȻ˵ҲƽΪˣĻ˼Ϊʲô㣿
ʱԱߵ۾˸˼£˿кҲʲô
ͬʱҲðһɺ
Ҫ֪ұT˲С鷳Ͼһˣĸжһ˲õĴ¡
˱ֽµĸѾǲˡ
Ǳе飬Ҳ˳˼£֪µһЩԭί
Ϊֻһͨɱڿûô򵥡
ȻѾ˴𰸣ȴһֵ¶
ڵѾúǰȫĲͬˣСѶЩİ
ɲҿ϶ԼҪ˵©죬㣬Լ֡
뵽Ĩһͷϵ亹ȻЦ˵ĸһ£Ͳˣˡ
ʱŷЦ˵ʲôѽ˷֮ٻȥ
˲ˣ¶
˵֮ʾһ£ʹҴҵ뿪˱˳һ̵ĲӰ
վſڵʧȻתͷ㣬СôˣҴææġ
Ӧô֪ҲǻŮѰɣҿ˵һǳƯŮѡ
ʵ㿴ҴҵΣѾ֪ѾһĸңҲزǰȥˡ
ļڼ￪ʼѵõİʱŮѧѧȻŮĴдҵʣʱǺϵ졣
ôϢʮ֮ĸ׸ǣ˵ǽһ
ΰȻвᣬǿΪ˼ǰæҲֻǿееͳš
뿪ҵʱ㱧סԼŮݺݵһڣȻ˵úõڼҴŵϰ֣һʱһ
кᣬȻǿĵ˵ͷ
Դվĸٴʾһ£Ȼת뿪˱һʧ˵·֮ǰ
һûϵΪͨǰ飬֪ѾԼ˸ңԼһȥŷ޿Ҫȥµģɲй¶ȥˡ
Ҳûȥǩ֤ܹɻĽͨߡ
ˣǵɣҪȥǡ
Ϊ˲¶ԼвأȻֱӷɹȥҵһС֮УĴһ£ûˣҲûͷ
һȻһ忪ʼٵγ
ʱһ˿ڵ㣬ͻᷢ忪ʼƮźϷվһԽԽʧ
ڵѾάռ֮У۾ķ򣬺ܿľ֪ԼҪȥķ
ֻһֻһ˲һط֮ͨάռ¹
طһСׯСׯǳİĻǷǳеģûдĸꡣ
Сׯĵ£ȴоһ䡣
һָоĵͷ֪ҶԵطˡ


502 
ҶԵط֮һԾͿʼٵĽάܿľ䵽Сׯ⡣
ڻǰ¶棬ΪȻСׯǿܷһ𷢱۵
û취ֻǶڴׯСҪϵʱٳ֡
Ҫ˵ʱ˵Ҳ죬˵ҲֻһĹɫѾŰˡ
ùĶӣεվׯȥˡ
ڿֵʱͣһתһȦ˸Ϣׯķ
ǾʩչסԼΡ
Ҫ˵ڵҲԴԶ
־κ顤³֮ע㻿ԡƣƽУסУŽǣޡ׽䷨Ϊ̫ƽΪ嶷׵ν䷨ָ
Ҳ֣һ伴һǽղأӡ
Ҫ˵ַȻ䣬ʩչͨӵһȻҲܹʱǲǽһﶪ˾ʧͨ
Ҫ˵ǽһЩĸŵĵӣֻҪһ˿ܹʩչ
ڿûֻ䣬ʩչͨ
ֻվڿ
췭ظŵ׷ңȲأ𷵹ˡΪΪͥΪΣ֮֮
飬Ҳı͸ȵ꣬ڸѾʧȥӰ
Ҳǵһʩչ䣬վ¿˿ȻǿɼģȴûӰӣ̫Ѿ͸塣
һεķӦǳɹˡ
Ƶ֣̤߳ǰСׯĵ·һ·ϲͣгǰ
Ҫ֪ڿǴйĵۣ˵װˡ
ǾЩ˾Ȼûһͷһ㣬ɼǵУǲɼġ
߽˴ׯ̧ͷСׯҲЩ°ȻҪ֪㳤ôûгء
һҲǳһˡ
ţ·һ˵ռ̯ʱߵǸŮ͵̧ͷһ߿ȥ
ʲôˣоǶôСŮʱҲ˸ӦתͷȥСŮЦһЦ
ǶЦݣСŮûпֻĶķ϶Щʼˡ
ʱҲתĶǸСŮķ֮ڣСŮһ⡣
㿴֮ŵķԭСŮľһЩӦͨ
Լ·ʱȻСŮûпϵȴ˿еŶԲСŮʾ
ȻԷûзԼҲͲٹעˣתȥǰ
ǸСŮһźоΣѾ뿪һȻϽʰԼĶ첽뿪ط
˳Ŵׯĵ·һֱǰ˼һɽׯǰ
ɽׯ֮Уڵһɹɵð˳٣طӦþǼʦѪ֮֮һˡ
һԾԾׯ԰ˣׯ԰ڣǰȥ
ӽɽׯ100׵ʱͻȻܳһ쵵ľޡ
˹ܵĴһսܿľƽ
ϸһ׾Ȼһ˶ߵȮ
ȮҲԭĲᣬһֽϷȮ
ϷᣬصǻļȺͷ֫кǿıѸΪȮٶǿ͵Ľ塣
ԭĲỹЩǸ
ȮһüһʹĻзɳһѪӰ
ѪӰľϷᣬֻȮûзӦͱѪӰ
ֻϷ䰲ܹһֻѪ۾ķ򣬽Сܵԣ˵ϣԼĶӳ㡣
ǰȥ΢΢ֻȮĶӣȻվֻϷǰҹվĸ
ɽׯǰƿţȥߵ֮ߵ֮ӵˡ
ûЩֻ˳ŸӦһ¥ݣ¥ݽ¿һħĵ
㿴üΪӦþͨͨħڡ
Ҫ˵㶫ķ֪֮࣬Ƕħ˵һϲͨ
ЩյʱͻȻűˣ߽һʱУɫ԰׵ַǳŮ
ŮûзɫԵʮֵɣͻȻվס˽ŲţȻͻȻĿվ¥ݷ
㿴֪ˣԼȻʩչûڸζöԷˡ
ȻǾʰСѪʡԼ鷳
뵽ԱߵֻϷʾһ¡
ֻȮһʾ⣬Ͼ˼
Ա˼Ůȥ
ǸŮ¥ݽŹճֻȮϾͷ˱飬ΪԼˣڸղŵζӦ֧Ϸմǵġ
˻бԹֻǵȥˣôմȾ˵ζҪҴܣͺѪ
˵ĹֻϷѾѪŮ׵ĵطһףȻһѸײڶѪŮ˹ȥ
ѪŮȻѾ˾裬ѪıܻڣϷҪ˵ǰʱŮǿԱһȻеһ
ŮһأȻ˼ס
ֻϷһ֮ͣһ£ȻһٴŮȥ
һֻϷûôˣҪӽЩѪŮʱλŮĽżأһӾϷҲ࣬ȻѾצֱ֣ӾϷĲץȥˡ
֧ϷӦĻᶼûУֱӾͱץס˴һӾ˵
ɱֻϷ֮ѪŮ͵һ¥ݴȥȻ߿
ʱϷʬͻȻƮһɺ̡
ϢľѪŮȻ͵ǰһˣ뵽ѪŮ֮ڡ
ѪŮɫͿʼ־ںʲôĿȨ
Ҳֻǹ˶̶̵ʮ룬ŮͱƽȻߵ¥ݿڣԣ㲻Բˡ
ѪŮѾշֵ˵Ǹħĵ
ѪŮæǰãץס˵һֻ򣬽һɵѪֱ֮ӿ룬֮ڡ
ţǰߵ¥ݣȻתź¡¡һͨµͨǰ


503 鱨
¶Ķڣ㲢ûóȻȥǶԱߵǸѪŮʹһɫ
˼Ůǰ̽·
ǸѪŮɫĮȻǰһ
žһϣâҲֻ̽õģѪŮɨһ飬Ȼʧˡ
㿴΢΢һ㶣û뵽ССɽׯȻֶ̽Ρ
ͬʱҲЩżˣΪֶ̽ӦǺ豸Ȼܹɱα˵۾Ƕ豸ȴûжô
վһ£ûа취Ǳˣֻǿﴳˡ
֮ᶨģ͵ǰһ磬оͳһ⡣
̽âɨʱǵѾڶֱǰߵ豸
̽豸㱻УһŻ档Ȼر˴̶ľ
ھһ˲䣬ҲѾ¶֮͵ǰһѪŮԣֱӾͰԱһƣŴѪŮϾƮһźС
ǸѪŮں뿪һ˲۾ոտһ㣬¶˺Ȼɫ
ԭʱѾһ磬͵ľȥ
ѪŮӦĻᶼûУ㱻˻ҽ
ʰѪ֮ǰ˳ĵ·ͨľͷ
ǰһĴţεػͨ
㿴龰ڸҿأ˼Ҹûиκε
ûа취ֻǿˣֻһ̾͹ͨԺеö䣬ξͿʼϱǣ׶ߡ
Ҳ㲻ȥʵͨĸ߶ޣ׶ѾǼˡ
ľ͵һȭȥˡ
Ҫ˵Ǽǳ˵ʮһȭȥ̾ͳһȭͷ״İݡ
Ҳûεһţžļȭ
㲻ͣĻҲʼıɶֹ˼ӣȻ
ŵһ˲ǰһܣͨһһĵ¹㳡ǵƻͨ
ûеϸĿһǹ
ǹһ˲֪ãʱصͨҲʼá
ͨʱֻ׶߾޷ٳ˵㳡֮ڣ͵ٴһ˽ס
÷ؿɲǹⳤˣߵͷҲɱǡ
ˣӵϣ̵ľͱһε
ʱлƣֻվ߰˸ѪڶһĿɿڴ
Ҳǣһ³ˣѪ˵û˵
οǹ֮ȫľӵͲںˣҲδš
Ҫ֪˭ĿƼķչɱԽԽǿ˵ǹ֧ѪǾǱǹҲˡ
ѪǷ㶵ʱ͵ĽеǺ˳ȥ
Ǻһ뿪֣̾ӣžͰĴΧסˡ
֮УЩѪĲҽ֮ȵһǰеʱڿЩѪѾһǺ
ܿ˿ûҵѪĻǣЩ⣬Ѫֹûж˽⣬ûҵ֮ҲͲϾˣ˳ͨһķٵĽӽ
ûеӽǸ䣬ͻȻڷ֮Уһ죬ŷžͱҿ߳ˣһϵˡ
˷ٽӽһۣһ󻯳һźԱƮȥȵٴֳεʱѾһ
ûзߣǶ㷢һ޷ĳ
ٽӽ㱻ⳬһײ̾;ͷͣҲʼ˽޷˼
ǵ֮ǳ޷ģֻǻһͷ̾ʹָоѳ˷ۣԶһۣŰеĺһ˳ȥ
ѪҲǻ飬ӵ׳֪ⶫղЩǱһ˲ȫˣҲûеӺӴ
Ѫһһλһẓ̷́ٵԱһܣ㿪˺ϮȻ͵ؾȥ
һ΢΢һЦ·㲻ߣǴ
ȻͶҾһ̣Ǻ̽ӽʱͻȻðһĵ⣬ȫס
Ǻײϵĵ֮̾ͷһβҽУȻǰ֮ҲάֲסŤһ£ֳΡ
ԷΣæԶĺһ٣Ǻ̻һ⣬Ѫϡ
ѪֻŤһ±㲻ٶˣȵٴ۾ʱѾһľګˡ
΢΢һЦѪǱԼµάˡ
Ѻµļʲôط㿪ʵ
ǱƵѪֻ΢ͣһ£ʲôܣǣܿľͱѹȥ˵ں±һׯ԰һܼӦþ͹
ѪͰܼͨϸ·ߣ˵һˡ
𰸣ĵͷ
Ҫ֪ѪɲǼ򵥵һѪ峤ܿ˸׵ֵܡ
ȻʲһЩ޷ϵѪΪһ峤ֵܣ峤أһֱƹŽܿѪ鱨
ŷ½ֱӾСɽׯҲΪ˽
ȻѾõԼҪ鱨ôѪûбҪˡһʹɫǸ̾ǰһžƮѪ塣
ٿǸѪҲѾһſݹǣ˵ϡ
ɱԽǳ⣬ͳ˻еͻǺһУǺָܵʹĵõͻ֮С
㽫ͻ·ŵ˻Уٴοξһʧ
ׯ԰Ժ֮ȴׯ԰ΧѾΧһȺˣһŴͣײׯ԰Ĵţղׯ԰ڵǹѾЩ˸ˡ
㲻뾪ǣýżһԾͳԾ˼ɸߵľ룬֮󣬾ǽȥ
ȵ뿪ׯ԰һξ֮ׯ԰ķһʱ򾯲Ѿײׯ԰Ĵţһӵ롣
㲻мЦһ£Ȼתͷȥ忪ʼٵάܿľά
֮һڤڤо͸ӦһطѪǴׯ԰
ٴǰһֻһľ룬Ǹׯ԰Ϸ÷¹ƣׯ԰ΧǷǳƽûʲôƵģĵȴһӴķⷨȻѾʱ䳤ˣȻǿһķΧŷڵ߰˸η


504 벻
ǳҲ޷͸̺ⷨ·
һ룬ҪԼôóȻȥⷨסĻҲֲ˺áԼǶʱ޷͸ⷨֻΪ˸ʱ䣬ֻǿнˡ
˿ɫѾҹʩչͨʱ
ֻȥ˿Ȼ͵һӣƮһŵḷ́Щڵһ̾ͱ˸ָħ֡
ЩֵǰվһϲòŮӣŮӳһ£ȻͰ۹⼯еϡ
Ů̷һһЦһƮԣץֱۣʵ๫ûѽ
ü飬ЩΡ
Դĸͷ֮λ׼ԼϹһԼš
ЩأԲûнɱ˾û뵽ԽԽ޼ɵˡ
˵Щʲôüѵһ䡣
͵͵Ŀһۣ㲢ŷġ
ΪӣҲſ㣬ȻСϱһվԣ¶ίı顣
ʷǳ⣬ûѳչԼӣȻôԼܽ¡
ǰׯ԰ǵĿ꣬Ҫׯ԰֮ûһ
˵仰֮ȺңȻŷʦ۵֡
ǰһƮǰ
ɽׯһ󣬷ǳһʱ²͸ƷǼͨħҲꡣ
˵仰ָ֮ʦ˵㣬־ʦԺ֮С
ⷨȷʵǷǳ£ʦڽӵŶд鱨֮󣬶üͷȻվ￪ʼСֹⷨ
㲢ûйЩʦһ֣Щ̾˷ǰһƮɵһĺɽׯ֮ȥ
ȵЩ֮ŷվԼԵǸﲢûж
üͷôжվʲô
๫Ľӻûиء
̾˿ӻȡֽӣһӾ׵ǹǰ
ֽӹֽӣȻ΢΢һЦ͵ľͽֽȥоͳһ̣ȵʧʱǹѾֽС
ֽӱƮƵɽׯȥ
վɽׯСɽϣСɽµɽׯ
ʱƣͻȻһҽдɽׯ֮д˳Ž˷
ͻȻֻɽׯֵ֮һĺڹ⣬ڹⲻͣзȥ
ķ֮Уڹÿһɨնһ䡣
üҪǰȥԼɳȥǧܿͻᱻ⡣
Ա߻ʲôʦʹ˸ɫ±Щ鷳ǹȥԮ
ʦһֹۣͣȻĵ۹һɽ¡
ʦ࿴˿ȻͿ֪
ڸһĽ⣬ЩϸĻ̺һľ顣
ЩЩͷһǽСɰɷһ㡣
Щڳָ֮ܵ̾ɽ·ȥûһɽ¾ִһıը֮ЩߵǺڹҲȥ
ڹһѹȥڰз̾˷һƮ˳Ǳڲʼ޼ɵƻĶᱻһˣеľѪ
ЩѪڷ˿ѾǳˣǶƻȴһ취ҲûУֻƴķųԼڵĺ⣬赲Щĸ
Ҫ˵ѪҲǲһģ㣬ռЩʱѾ˲õĹοڵĩ硣
ΪЩѪǲԵòһ
Ѫɽ·ڽڰ˵ʱͻȻ֮ڳǱڵһľ޺
ĳǱʼ
ЩѪһ̾ŵûҲܷЩˣֱӾǱ⴩ȥڶʲôһ
ɽҲоͷˣΪɽ϶оһ𶯡
ԽԽͻȻ֮ڳǱĵ֮ѿһӣһţͷĹ
ûһһ־ڳǱ֮пʼƻ
ƮŵţͷɢѪǳļɵȻûһ˳ȥ
»еӴˣţͷ޼ɵҪǱʱһֽţͷ˵ǰ
Ǹţͷ˼ֽӲûᣬǰŲ·ӵʱ򣬻мĿһۣǲмһ
ֽеĹȴĵӣΪзɵõЩԼߵдѪţͷûôᡣ
Ǹ΢΢һЦȻţͷ˵ʲôܣͬһ档
Ȼ˵ǺǴ֮кһ˿ĲǸţͷ˾ȻĻ
ţͷԶԶͣſһ˵һֵԡ
ԺԶʱģͨԵĲǹϾ֪е˼
һ£ҪȥǸҵļһﱨûг
ԭҸ㣬ҺĳҲǵжԹϵһȻһȥ𡣡
Ǹţͷ֮۾¶һ˿ϲȻǰ˼ŽеĹ˵ûƭҰɣ
ǺǺǣôƭأ㿴ǻƭ˵𣿡
ţͷ´˽еĹһ£Ȼĵͷ
ȻôŮôƭأ
˵⻰ʱţͷ۾Źⶢǹ岻ǰ˿ѾԻˡ
϶ЦݣǺǣô³๫һӲġ
ⲻǣǰ֣Ҳǰݵҵʯȹ
ʱǸţͷѾ˽Աߣ۹ſŽеĹ
ڹǽΪƾԼָԼ๫һԱ󽫵ʱǸţͷͻȻѡ
ֻţͷ͵ǰһˣҲһЩȭѾӡ
⧲ϮûüһӾͱӽҵĳ
һڵϣžͻһẓ́ɵ˰֮С
Ǹţͷ˶ڷɵеĹֻһƣȻͷһ޴ţ
žһεĲʼӣⲨĵطЩ󶼿ʼ
еǸﱻⲨһɨҲɢ
ʮŵĺǱĴ֮ҷɣ˺һŴµһ
۳͵ʱǸţͷѾ˳Ǳ


505 
ݺݵĶһ½ţû뵽Լ㣬ڷۡ
ţͷ˱ϿʵǽթأȻԼˡ
װ̫񣬾ƾԼֽӵܣţͷ˾ǧİ취Ҳ޷κεԼ
ݺݵߵһۣȻһƮһֽ֮С
ֽȥȵԺеʱȴǸţͷ˲ûߣǺһεķţء
ţͷ˵վʦģ
ʦŹҲһֵĹţͷӡ
Щ򣬽Ľţͷ˵֮ϡ
ţͷҲûУôִУֻͣŤԼÿһŤһԴķϱ𣬿ʼ͵ĳײ
һķʦĻⷨһײʲôᱻơ
ϧţͷλ棬Ĵʦ
ʦȻ˹ķѾʩչƾô۵ħҲǰţͷܹѵġ
Ǹţͷһ·޷֮󣬸ɴڵ²ˡ
ΪţͷҲɵӣĹȻȴ޷˺塣
ţͷ˸ɴʲôҪʦǲǷ޾ֻҪħ˥ˣ̾ѡ
ΪǱ˼룬ţͷڵһ
ȻħʦȻܹţͷסţͷϺһɵֿħǵħ޷˺ţͷ˵塣
ʱǸţͷ˵ǰ棬ڽжűסţͷһЦȻ˵ԩңôôĽƻղҪʹѾĵ
˵⻰ʱ͵һֽӡ
žͼֽһḷ́Щ̺һţͷӶȥ
Ǹţͷֻǿ˺̣һ۱۾ܲˡ
Щ̽žͰţͷ֮Ȼ󻯳ɵһһϸ̣Ҫţͷ˵塣
ǽùǴ۾
ΪЩţͷϵ̺Ǳʲôͬһ̾ʧ٣Ȼţͷ˵
һ¹ЩצˣղһȻ̽Ҫ֪еͶ귽ģţͷ˿Է귽ȫΣԼڻʲô취Ը
ţͷڵϲмĿ˹һۣһεͷ
ܵ裬ôưոݣֻһ̾ͻһẓ́´ӽг˳ֱǵϵţͷˡ
ҪţͷˣոһţͷˣͷΧһεĲڱ壬ɵ徹Ȼ޷
εֳΣվţͷһɵľ⣬ͣ̾
ʱվСɽ֮ϣһж㲢ûκεĵġ
±ߵĹֻʩչһЩħĹʵʵڵģţͷȻͲܻùԼķɽ
ֻһ㱳ŵǰ񽣾ʶȻͻһֱϵţͷˡ
ţͷ˱ǳúģʵ۶أﲻŲʣʵС۾һֱڵת
ͻȻĿɽһ£ֱԼĶţ̾;졣
ĸӦ֮УĶɲǺֻҪԼԼ͵ɥ
ĸоǰս֮УǸţͷεİÿһζޱȡ
ţͷΣͷͻȻĴͶˣһ
Ƿɽ͵ͣţͷ˵Ķ֮
ɽϵĽżأҶһɽƮȥ
ĸħʦӦʲôӼҵ֮У̧ͷһ߿һ£ž͸һɽ¡
ţͷ˵ǰһУǰѷɽ»صı
ϵǸţͷ˼ɽˣһ
ǰһţͷ˵ǰϸ
ô£
ΪŵϻϡƷ֡
Ǹǰǳʵͷ˵ǰļ䶼ģˣѹʱر֮Уû뿪һֱЩɶѪһη֮С
üЩѪҲǼǰֱǲһʲô˾Ȼܽ
ڲ˼ЩʱҪϽ˵ν¾ͳһԱվŵʦħ
Ǹţͷ˼ϵûˣһվŤŤ壬һ½ǣȻСĵĿһۡ
ţͷ˵Ľթ֪Լǰʵʵ˭֪᲻һʱˣǸ¸䣬ӴĸԸΪԼĺá
ЦŶ⣬ţͷ˵ȻһˣôҾ͸
˵仰֮Ϳоͳһֵķ䡣
Ӱڿ֮УֺܵʲôŶγһֵ
䣬ţͷ˵ǰ
ţͷ˺Ҳоʲô˼ȻĿ㡣
ʱһıٴγʣȻţͷ˵Ķš
һţͷ˿ɲҶˣΪֻҪǶһǱͻӶŶ룬Ҫ
Ҳѱ̫죬ҪһĵĶţͷ˸ῴһ£ΪƾͨЩǹǹ֮Ķ޷һ˿һв
ߵţͷ˵ǰǸţͷ۾֮¶˰
ǰ㻹Ϊţͷʿĳģ֪ţͷƻأ˶İӶ
ֻӵеķ䣬ţͷ˵üģͰ˹ȥ
ţͷ¶˾͵һ֮ͣðһĹ򣬿ʼ赲Ľ롣
ʱһֻ֣ҲѾⲼµĹ֮ϣǹܵɷһ̾ͻ̡
֮һֻŵķ䣬ȵİţͷ˵üģһܵʶ֮֮εİѿסţͷ˵ꡣ
ʩչéɽʮ֮һ
֮ϲûô֪֮Ϊǵļء
Щִ˵ģ䵽ʱֻ
ֻǿ˿Щûоû뵽ڽʱȻʩչ˳
㷨ʩչǸţͷǽ뵽һľ֮Уһɹɽɫͣӿ뵽֮УҪﵽĸĻһ顣
ȻоָıԼ˵֣֮ǲ֪Ϊʲôţͷ˾Ȼһķ֮ġ


506 
ǸţͷŽɫâ룬˻֮С
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ţͷ۾תͷĴ˿վڲԶء
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôӿһֶľ֮ģվСԣͨһڵء
ˣղҲʶôȻ˶֣
˵⻰ʱţͷ˾Ȼ޾ĻںޣҲ˳
㿴ǰţͷˣҲЩȻû뵽Ԧ
һֻǴҽ⣬ϾţͷȻţԴǿ˶һ㣬һá
û뵽ⷨȻֱӾ͸ıǰţͷ˵˼룬ΪԼū͡
˱ǶĨˣվһҪ㡣
ǸţͷĻæվͷʻ
Ȼ˵Ǳôղôܴӳ
ˣҲԼӳģߵ˰ҷųġ
һ⻰üͷˣȻ۾ǰɽׯţѵɽׯﻹʲôǱأ
ܿ죬ҲˣȻѾֵزôܵ˶ǿҪȥ̽һ̽
֮Աߵţͷ˵ȥǰ߿·
ţͷ˵ķԸܾŴֱӾׯ԰ȥ
תͷԵʦ˵ڣһСӳ顣
ķԸ̾ʦУȻƮ˰֮УչС
ֶʣµ˵һȥһ̶Ѩ
˵仰֮͵ǰļʦĸ档
ʱĹվüͷȻϴЦƮƮظ
ǽӴı֮У̾ܵ˷Ĺ
ڵЩѪǺѾ˷һѾʵˡ
ղһŮѪһѲ͵Ȼôĳ˳ûпͱԱߵһʦһ˻ҽ
ǸոߵҵڣѾܵ߰˴εĹЩǷɶ˻
µҵʱȴͣˣԼһ·ܵôĹѵǸţͷ˲֪ôûиԼѣ
￴ͣ½Ų֪ҪʲôԣͷĶ˵ЩѪţͷ˷ǳľ£ӦǲϮǸûзʲô쳣Բûѡ
ﰵĵͷȻתͷһʦ˵ǰߴ·
ķԸǸʦûԥʱߵǰߣⷨʦȻ˵꣬Ҳϧġ
ֻȻߵǰߣǿȴдʣһԾͻ㼯ʮꡣ
ЩһŵĹһ·衣
ǸʦСߵ˵ҵĶ㣬̧ͷһȴһӴĹ㳡
㳡Ǽž
վҿһûзͨطͨ
׼ʩչ鿴طľʱֻԱߵʯǽͻȻһţ߳ǸţͷˣлһѪ
ţͷܿ㣬̻ϲııĹ
ˣˣҸץˡ
˵λţͷˣͰѪĽ¡
ͷһǰѪѾСˣҿһѪǳĳԣƾϵǰʱͲС
Ѫţͷ˵Ŀ֮һתӡ
һӣ˻Ϸһŵḷ֮́Уһֻֻӿ
ţͷ˿ʱŭˣֻתͷȥܵһŭ
һεĲƿʼ㳡֮ӣǱɨ̾޷ڷ׹䵽˵ϡ
Щ׹ڵ֮̾ͻһỤ̃»㼯һ
ʱţͷһź֮Уںץ˰죬һᣬǸѪ³ǰ
һٱᣬţͷ˿ˣ˭Լǰһ¿û飬ûмµĹѪѾĲΡ
ѪҲӲˣȻһĵĻûУֻĬĬܡ
վԶ龰ѾˣȥѪ¾ͻᱻ
ˡ
һ仰ţͷͣȭͷѪǰ
㿴ѾͷѪ΢΢һЦȻʵ±ʲôط
ǸѪǿ̧ͷã׳˵һ۾˿㣬Ȼ˵Ǻǣô֪ʲôطҸղѾ˴˭Ҳȥˡ
֮ǰ֪طһǰδеԶŴɣѪô˵ҲЩ֣Ҫ֪󷨿ɲĶǶĻ
ͺûϵˣֻҪ˵ĵطȻܹǰȥ
ǸѪߺߺߡһЦȻʵ˵ͨη·ߡ
ڵõԼҪ鱨֮Աߵһʦʩ˸ɫ˼˵ʱѪ
ԱߵλʦæǰһѪԣȻдʽžһɹâӿѪϡ
ǸѪ͸оԼǱеḻֻ̌ǵڵϣŶԷ䡣
˸ղţͷ˳ͨ￴˿沢ûκε쳣
ǰһǾڿڶʱоĿռҲ˱仯
ȻоһͷۻȻͺһһ֪Ĵ
ҲһϵĵɷӿγһɵĻ֡
ûиоκεĹϸĹۿѾһη֮С
Żûе˼ʲô͸оڽ´һķ򲨶žһɹɵǰҪס
㵽Ҳǵɣܹóѣֻ΢΢һͿʼЩס̱ɵķĩ
⼸֮󣬸ƾղͣ߷
㿴üҪȥԼɾ鷳ˣҪ֪Լڿִλ棬ѾĩʱڣʱԼķǸĵġ
Լʹôˡ
뵽֮ӻȡ˷ͷΣȻԼķ˳ָӿ뵽ͷ֮ڡ
Ƿͷ֮ķ˵ܵⷨһ͵ľͿʼ˱仯ͼһųɫĻϲһŤͻһСķˡ
Ҳǻ˵һִλܹ۳͡
㽫еĻһףǷǼͳûмӵĹѾ˼ɵĴС


507 
Ż˵ͣһŽɫĹâʼܷͣ䡣
ЩӹɫĹâ̾Ϳʼð̣һʧˡ
޾һһʧˣһϾͳ֣ͣӡ
˿ɲǺǵģֻһͻһŽɫĻ棬̫һ
̫ų˹ˣͣӣηܵʯǽҪ滯Һһ
ΪˣһȻÿ
վüҲֻܹʱķ˭ֶ֪ܼ೤ʱ䣿
뵽֮ǿ巽ʹ飬Ƽ̳ԾΪǲȥа뷡
ڵķӿ
ʱׯ԰Ͽһŵĺƿʼۣں֮оһ硣
Ȼһʼׯ԰¡
ֵǣܹ͸һֻׯ԰һ㲻֪ȥ
ڵص׵ηȴһ粻֪ģһ˵´֮С
ԶŵĴܵĹҲʼһεĹâʼӴֱ֮е硣
ʱȻվﲻȴѾ뵽˿е֮УʱԦ޾׵粻ͣȥ
µǴҲûʾһĽɫâͣɨգǺÿɨ̾ʧһ顣
֣ǵɵķɲСƵģÿÿʧһɸǿӿʧһ鲹ϣ˹һӵʱ䣬ϵĺƲûм٣ǸӵŨˡ
ϵʱӿĽȴпʼı٣Ѿûںˡ
Ҳļ֮УҪ֪ĵɷʱĶսѾĵĲˡ
Ǵ󾭹ôתλĩ磬Ӧûʲôġ
ֻһԵҲܹǿά֣һغԼһսӦѾˡ
ȻΧη֮УεѾֹͣˣȫҪԸе޾ĺơ
ڵûиеκεĸˡ
ΪǻһܹӦ䣬ȻǲǴԼ䣬ӦǴһ֡
˼ʱͻȻ֮һ𶯣žһ̶ĺ֮
Ȼ͸оߵʯǽ¡¡֮ûж೤ʱ䣬ǴʯǽȻһţͷ˴ߴ˳
ţͷ˦˦ϵĳţĴһڲԶη֮УĿվš
Ĵηǰ˫֣ץס˶ʯһϸȻþ߷ȥ
ι̣ţͷ˵Ĵ֮£Ȼֱӵķֿγһ˶ͨ
ţͷһŽȥȻԱߡ
ˣҵˡ
ʱȫĶԸǴйģţͷ˼ҲĻػ
֪ʱ֮ͨдܳһʦִ˹
ǻ飬Ҳ֪һʦ̽·ˡ
һԣڴСеţͷ˵ϹʲôϽ죬ûʩ𣿡
ţͷ˲õĿ˿룬һԼ˹ϵܺãԲҷֻ䣬վһԸ㻤
ʱѾȫ뵽ߵĺ֮УԦ磬ȫǻȥ
ǻѾð׹ˣֻϷųһɫĹâһһ˻Ͽա
ɫĹâֻǼ˼ͱӶڴĺġ
ǻϾʱ䳤ˣûԴ֧ţֻǱ˼¾Ϳʼı仯
ֻռ֮һŤžͼɽׯҲ˾ҵĲ
Ȼ֪ӿһڵһɨΰɽׯֻǱһͻ˻ĩ
ʶ֮УȴоǶϾӦѾˡ
΢΢һЦȻ꿪ʼصԼ֮С
۾ʱ򣬷Ǹţͷ˽ſ
ĵ˵ͷţͷȻЩǿԼģԼҪɾͣԸĵһͷ
˼ʱԱߴһĵ
ˣˣղſɰҵĻˣţͷղŻ˵ķأҿֹ
ֻ΢رʾһ¶Ĺģžǰţͷһ״
ɨһۣȻЦ˵۸Ǹʵˡ
ţͷĻƴĵͷȻ󽾰ĶԹ￴˿˼˵ں׽Ҳһĵģס
ûٹ˹Ķǣǰһ˳Ǳţͷ˰Ὺ˳ȥȻĴӦ֮˳ŵ·ֱǰһ䣬ѺŻµǴη
ηһӦһѪǳѪڵſš
˵ǳϤԼǸùѪ¡
⴦η͸ղŹѺĵطȴһǵطֻǽһ⴦ηѾʯǽΧסˡ
ڲǽ£ȻԶְ֣ţͷ˽еԼԣȻָʯǽ˵
ţͷڽӵķԸܾ֮񣬻ӶԼȭ͵ľʯǽ֮ϡ
뷨֮Уţͷͭͷۣһȭȥʯǽ̾ͻѡ
ԸΥţͷ߰£ʯǽȻ˿
վԱüͷҲ壬⵽ô£ʯǽҲʵѽţͷ˵ľȻûа취
ʵûа취ˣһģǰɽʶȻһʯǽײȥ
žáѵһʯǽ֮ðһĻǣϸۿĻʯǽֻһӡ
һؾҲû취ˣû뵽ʯǽȻļ̡
Ѿǭ¿ʱԱ߸ŵķʦһ˳ǰһĶ˵ʯǽ֮ħĲһûжá
㱻һѣǻȻ
û뵽˾ȻľɣǶĻȴħ֧ţˡ
һԵļʦ˵Ҷħ˽⣬ھͿǵˡ
ĸʦ̶֮ǰһȻ䣬ǵһĲƣⲨǰ߻һγһɫĹââһֱӾײʯǽ֮ϡ


508 þ
ղǰ᲻ɴݵʯǽɫĹâ֮󣬾ͺǰѩ˳̾Ϳʼڻ
û󹦷ʯǽȻɫĹâʴһ顣
ˣһ֣ĸʦֹͣħ˵
͵һ粽η֮Уȴͣͷ룬Ȼٻţͷǰߴ·
ţͷ˿ûôĹ˼˷Ը̾͵һ絽η֮С
ţͷηǸѪԣ˾ҡҡ
٣Ƹˣˡ
ţͷôҡϵǸѪȻﲻԲ
ʱѾţͷ˵ĺߣѪԡ
ӣһѪôµʱڵϵѪͻȻ۾гһذ֮ذ׾һֱĲӡ
ǧһ֮ʣվԵǸţͷͻȻ˾֣ѪͷϾһġ
ѪֱӾͱĳһɶԶˤǽϣתΣΪ
ҲǱŵ˼û뵽¾ȻǱ˼ðġ
ΪʲôΪǼðģΪѾֽţ²ܱԼôΨһĿܾǰǱѪð
˵ˣѪȻܹ°ΩΩФϵķϢȫһɲһܹġ
˵ǸˤǽϵѪѾˣţͷ˹ȥһͷȥ
ǣʱǸѪȻԱһţͷ˵һţȻһӯһһ㱼ȥ
ǣһȴѾ׼ǸѪҪԵʱֵһһӿ
ǸѪţžͼϻðẓ́εĵýǰ
ʱ߸Ϲţͷˣһ־ͰѪѹ˵ϣȻϾðһεĹѪɨһ顣
ɨѪϵʼٵʧһѪǳĳһ۾
۾֮󣬸оԼϺǱһɽѹƴŤŤ壬Ƕţͷ˵ľֻϺ
ѪѾ̾һſ˵ǽܿİɣҪ־ͶְɣǾᱳ˵ġ
÷ǳϤǰһϸ÷۹գڵϵ˲ûб任ԼȻǻµӡ
ü֪˵ô£˵ǻ°ɣղϮԼ˵Ǽðİɣֲ
ʱһλʦߵԣ˵ˣѪ˿ղǱƵġ
һüĻôҲȫˣ˭֪ʲôʱٻᱻԷסԼ׳н
վԱߵǸħʦѾ㵣˵˲صģղţͷѾԷҪʩչµðѻһη²
ͲԵķһģȻţͷ˵ˣԼģ㲻Ҫѹˡ
ţͷķԸһſ˻¡
ϤֱԼĶ䣬תͷվη㣬ᡣ
ҲʲôʧʧˣĽ£ȾͿʼʹޡ
㱻ֵЩΣ̧̧߿±ʵ̫ˣֲȫֻεܿ˿ʲô˸Ρ
ЩˣĸħʦȻϳɾԴӳΪֱ֮꣬ЩľګˣԶӶ
Ǹţͷ˸ǲ룬ܹܺԼͲˡ
ǹ飬ӵ̾Цߵ˻µԣļ˵ˣˣˣѽ
ǸİһվԵһŮǲߺݺݵĵһۣȻתͷȿޡ
һŮҲûʲô취ˣʼ磬˼˵ѾȫģͿˡ
ҲЩˣһȾͰѪ߳ȥɡ
ʲôʲôˣСһ
Ѫ±߳ȥԶȴûվСŲԣͷ˵ˡ
°ȫˣԼһصĿҲﵽˣ͸ÿ֮е˭ˡ
뵽ʱԱߵĻʵη˭ܣ
ҵһֵղķ˹
Щ죬ղķ˹Ȼܹͨⶫ赵Ĵ
ֲû³Ϊ峤ûнܿˣղķ˹Ҳǻܹġ
ǰ峤˼꣬Թɫı¿ɲСһԼҡͷ֪ˡ
ˣղķ˹أôֻͷģʵһħʦ
һüʵⶫôǵĹӶ
Ϊͨ˶һ֪˵Сôܸڽһʹ
ӼǰħʦǰˣһһĴԼ֪ʶͬʱΪ񡣡
Ҳû뵽龹Ȼģūʵ̫ǿˣһһĸ˵ūͣѵö
֪֪סʲôطȥȥ
ֶһ룬ǰҳȻҺݺݵĴһ٣˭˸ԭ˶
֪ˡ
ǰߴ·ȥȥ
µķԸһȳһյǰţǰ߸Ǵ·
һȺ˳ͨҹת˼ʮȦ㶼챻תԺʱһʯǰ
ˣˡ
ͣ½ŲԸһħʦʵûħ
Ǹħʦҡҡͷֻһͨʯţϱ߲ûиоħ
Ȼûħôھõţͷˡ
ţҰҿԸ
ţͷڶƴӣһԸͿǰһȫʱȥ
ȭͷһʯ֮ϣʯ̾ͱƬΪţͷ˾ȻղסŲֱӾײڡ
ȵվȽŲ̧ͷٿʱֻʦ֮ڵķ䲢ӺһĶˡ
ʱҲʦ˽˿üǰ¶һ
ˣΪʲôڵūͣ
ǸĿ˿㣬Ȼߴ˵һ
ȻȴǳϤԭԣԭԱߵǸԡ


509 
һԣʲô׵˵ƾԭ˵Ľôһһĸ˵ūͣԭɵĹҵˡ
˵ˣ˵ôӵķ󣬾ڵԭܹ󷨵ҲǷëǡ
ùţͷ˵
ţͷʮֵһǰǸ˵ǰֱ֣Ǹ˵Ĳӡ
˼ţͷϮҲһ˿ľ£Ҳֻһ˲䣬һʧˡ
ţͷ˽˿գЩŭֻһŭ𵴣ͻȻһĲǸֳΡ
ţͷһ˳ˣٴǰһţͷٶ֮ѾѸײڶز
Ǹ˺ܵ˸ղӰ죬ЩԺ˱ţͷץ˸š
ȵţͷץס֮ѹҲѲţͷ˵֡
ţͷץǰ
ǺǺǣץˡ
˵ͷȻʵѧЩģ
Ȼܣǣȴûʧ
ȻҴͨ
˵⻰ʱȻʮ㣬۾ȴ˼¡
һﻹףԲԡ
ѾǼǰˣҲûм׷뷨ղŲһʣȻ˵ɡ
·ɡ
˵仰֮תͳʯݡ
žʯдһĲҽ֮һҽУƽϢ
ȵţͷ׷ʱһɨմѪһͲ⣬¶Цݡ
ҡҡͷҲ֪һﵽʵѽȱң
һ˳ͨһɽׯĵ档
ǵʱȴֲˣԭɽׯΧǾѳľǹڻĿ
ЩˣÿһͨЩĶȻǲϡ
ֻһ֣λʦ뵽˿Уʧ
ֱǸţͷ˵ͷ
ʱֺһĿռһֵѹ£ţͷ˵ʧ嶼һռ䡣
ԭʱǸСڰţͷֱӾյĿռ֮С
ʣµĻ¾͸ˣֻһẓ́źʧ֮гһĵĳ򣬾Զȥ
㻹ף䣬Լǰһͳ˰֮Уͳʧׯ԰ķΧ֮ڣԶһСɽ֮ϡ
ȥ䣬վɽɽµׯ԰̽
ֻڵׯ԰Ѿҳһţľ;Ȯׯ԰֮ص
ЦЦﾯһؿҪˣΪׯ԰֮Ѫʬ壬Щ˷֮һĽǵġ
ЩЩ˲ԸԵġ
ʱһԣһһźٴγֵʱѾ˻¡
ˣǸл㣬ĻһҪǸյв֪á
ƲһۣȻ۹Ŀɽ£ȴ˵ô̰ģҪʵʵҵĻǱأôᱻܿ˷֡
ĵͷ
ˣ¾͵ˣҲطϡ
л˵Ŀ
˵Ҳ˵̫ˣһҲɡ
·ԸһȫԸΪ˸𡣡
ãȻھʹҵѪȥǽȺѪһ𡣡
֮Щ̣Ȼͷ˵ˣЩѪҲôģûбҪϾɱ
ͻȻ̧ͷݺݵĶȥ¡
ҿɿЩѪʲôá
ȻˣǻȻҧˣҵЩͬÿһƿӴĲԼӰ˵Ƿǳ
֮۾˸£˵ĵеνôȺѪȴһ⡣
ʩչܷǿЩ˰ƴˣҲܲѽ
ʲô취շǣ
ˣڼ֮лһЩѣֻҪҵǣԵʩչһͨЩ˾ܿͽܿ˵ʵ࣬һͶ
һ룬⵹һ취ͺЩ˱շ֮Ҳġ
ڲͻһڣܹѡٳǼе峤
ԼʲôϵֻҪѪԼķԸôԼҪԤ
ЩѪģѾ뷨ʱЩ˵ҪȫЩСආͲعˡ
һҲܹĵʩչ䣬صԼɸ
ã취Ͱ˵
ͺͻһѰҵĿꡣ
ȷһµֵܣҲһ峤һᡪ˹
һһǳˣ峤ŵʱǿѹԼ
峤ǽܿˣǽܿƿһеʥѪ˹ͷˡ
һǻһص˳ͷ˷ܿ˵˳ܿ˷־ˣ˹һǱ
һҰģɲȻСһһԸܿ˵İ֣ڽֻҪԼƿѪܰһѹƵġ

һİĵرһŵˣһ֮ϣһɫҺһߺţһ߿ŵµĸ衣
ʱһβĹܼģˣҴҵĽ˴ȻСĵĿǽ˵õ͵͵˵Ǳ߳¶ˣѾ˳
ͣһ£еĺɫҺһʵôӳȥģ
˿Ƕǰķǳ⼸ֻҪǽ˰ûһܹų
ǵ鱨Ӧһ֣ߴһķ
±߻˻֣µЩŮ˳˷䡣
ܿһôˣ
峤һѾæˣЩǽ潻أ뽫ѹȥ
ǵλܿ峤ǲǸöڲʲôһôˣôѹȥɣ
ûⷽϢõȽܿ峤ƽϢ֮󣬲Żᴦڲ񡣡
һ£ȻЦЦ˵ûϵǲҪͽȥˡ
˵⻰ʱ˵¶һ˿ʣǶõһѽܿ˵峤ƽȣһؿǳ˸©ӡ
ǽܿһ֪ԼӦɽܿˡ
β˵Ļٴεͷʩһ㣬ȻĬĬ˳˷䡣


510 ˹
˼ŽôʱͻȻ֮Ĵ˼
͵ѹȻֻӥһ۾Ŵ
ֻʱ򴰻һɫĳͣŴ
üȻվߵ˴ߣ˴Ǹɫ͵һɵ֮󻯳һź̡
ȵɢ³˵ǰ
˹ּˡ
˹ˣǰĻµٶȵͦѽҸոյõϢˡ
Ҳû취飬ڽܿأҲֻܶˡ
˹ƲƲ죬Ȼ˵ȻܴӰӳ½ܿ𣿡
ʱȻܿͲ󣬵Ҳò˵ǷǳģԴѸ׵ȫƿУҰһЩĿǰʵ˵޷Կ
˹֮ҲǳĬȥȷʵܿ˵ʱԽԽ͵С֧Ҳ˿ʼҡˡ
ȥĹԼ¿¾ûһзܿ˵ˡ
һĿľ˵Щ𣿡
˹ֵܲҪż
˵֮￴˿Ȼ˵ѵôӴ˵Ҫ֪ѾܳʱûгԱˣͲһ¡
˹ҡҡͷεЦЦȻߵԱߵľƹ֮УȡһƿɫҺ壬ȻֱӾӸ˻¡
½ӹƿҺ֮ϾȲĴ򿪣֮Ŀʼ
һĹƿҺͱº˸⡣
˴ʱ²ŸоԼڵǹǱصʼˣܵ˺ĲҲʼı޸
һȻ˵ǰ治˴ĵطԴӽǸطҾûгԹһٱ
˹һ²ۣﻹԱҪǽܿ˿㻹еôķϣͶϾʳõĳ˯ˡ
ˣ˵ЩĵˣһĿģҲ֪ġ
˹ϲûκεı飬оѾʼתȦˡ
ԼĿģǳԣԼһԿܿˡ
ĻһɲɺӵǹƾЩҪͽܿ˶Կ»ǲеġ
ǽܿ˲ʹѪǿµЩˣͲЩںܹ֮ġ
˹ź˵Բҵֵܣûа취Ҫ󡣡
ʼ磬ȻʵΪʲôأڿǶԿܿ˵ĺʱѾ޷ȫڼˡ
ԭ㲻ǺѾǹǿѵ㻹Կ𣿡
΢΢һЦȻ˵ܿ˵Ȼǿ󣬵ҵǰһһ㣬ֻΪǼ岻ѪɺӣϣܹӦҵҪ󡣡
˹üŻ£вԼѽҲǳǿ
˹ȴԼ˽˵ϣٴεľܾ˻µҪ
Բʵ޷㣬֮ܿһǰ֧Ϊµ峤
ɭֻһ̾ʹӴɽ꣬ЩһؾͽΧм䡣
˹Ϊ׼Լ֣͵һƮȻͰԱߵһť
Ŵ̶ľĳǱ֮
Ǿ˺ܳʱ䣬˹ҲԼǰһ˹Ѿȥ
˹ֵܲطѾˣߵ˶ѾˣھͿ˼ˡ
ô
ϣǣĻܱסСİȫĻСϾͻɢ
˹һ£ǲӦҲˡ
ðɣҿԴӦ㣬ϣ㱣֤ҵ˵İȫ
ҪôǲͺʡǸղŲ㷭
˵仰֮󣬱ſĵͷ
ŷű㱻ˣȽһŮԵĻ꣬߻һǿ׳ţͷˡ
߽һˡ
һˣ˹һ
ˣ˹Ҳжŵģ峤ǰ
˹ʹ峤Եϸ˵鱨û뵽һֻ¼ľȻˡ
ĻôһоͶԽͨˡ
ⶫ˵Ѿ˲˼ĵز˰֮ھȳ£Ӧ֮е顣
˹λҵˣϣҲ˵¡
˵仰֮󣬻˹ԣļʾ㳼
˹εĿ˿£ҪǲǲŹԼġ
ԼС֮䣬˹ܿľͰƽԼ
ֻǰ˼Ȼ˫ϥڵء
ҵˣҵ˹ڴҵҳϡ
ǰȥ˹ǰͻȻ֣˹ͷ
˹͸оһʼԼꡣ
Ȼ˹ƴ֣ǣʵ̫̫ǿˣܿľ͹ķһ뵽֮С
ȵ˹ٴ۾ʱٿʱѾûǰĽ䱸ȫľһֶĳݡ
ˡ
˵֮󣬾Ͳڿ˹˿мǸλֱӵľȥ
˹ڸϽվߵǰĵͷķԸ
λ֮ϣԱߵĻʵ˹ǻʲôѣ
мС壬ʵ˹
Щ˶ټȻһܿ˷ѣôڲ߽ǣʵڲеĻֻԳִǿˡ
վԱһֱû˵˹һֱѯʻ£ûпһۣЩԴס
ԼһֱǲԲĻôеĵλͻἫٵ½ʱһˣһᱻѹڽŵµġ
뵽֮˹Ͻǰһͷ˵ˣҷ˵ĸҲǳʵǵĻٿԺͽܿ൱
ԱߵĻüȻ뵽˹Լ裬û뵽ոճΪԼ˵ūͣͿʼʵˡ
˹ɲҪ鷳ǽܿ˵ĸ
˹˻һۣôֻҪ˳֣ܿܽʱƾԺͽܿ˷ͥ񡣡
Ļ̾ͳĬЩڣ֪Ͳ˹ˣӦ˽һ򾡣Լˡ
뵽ʱޱȵᣬԼűȫżЩȴһԼģҪԼȨ


511 
㿴˹ͻ磬а˵뷨һ飬˹
ȻԼƾһ֮ܽܿһһ򾡣ĺԼûκεĺô
ܿѪ彵ˣôܹõԴԴϵʽϵ֧֣Լİ
ȵʱЩ˳ΪԼŮػ񣬱ԼŮƽȹһܵĻԼŮҲܹΪѪʵƿߡ
ҲΪԼԽԽǿҲ޷λİš
˹İ취ǺһЩͰ˼ɡ
˵֮ͶԱߵ˹˵Щˣ׼䡣
˹ĻϽҡҡԱߵ
ܿһβ˾ʹһСнˡ
һ۾һɨִжʶˡ
Լ˹Сһ˵Ӷ˵ݲһ㡣
ܼҲҵСĵ±ߣͷʵʲôԸ
õĿͷ׼λĿҪá
Ǹ̴ܼӦһ֮˳ȥ
ܼ˳ȥ֮ż˵˰ǸڿʱʩչΪеһԱʡǴ󶯸ɸ꣬ýܿ˷
ǵˣϾҵķ˴绰ʱƶϣϵʱܼ
ĵ˵ͷͼﲻˡ
˹ʱСĵĿһۣȻʵˣҵЩôˣʲôΣհɣ
㲢û˵ָָһħʦ
λħʦָʾ̹˳ȥһڴʹ˳֮
Ŵű㱻ײˣŴߴ˼ʮɫ԰׵Ѫ
˹һЩˣһԼЩᶼƽ¡
͵һۣ㲢ûһת˵Ǹʲôûһˣ
ոմ⼸ʮѪ˹Ļ̾ͱѻȸ
˹¶Цݡ
ΰϱţ̫ʧˣϽ
ѪϵѹƣЩ˹ĺĻûκεĳɣһڵء
ϴһ˿΢ЦΪЩСˣȥɡ
˹һȻת±ߵѪǳȥ
⼸ʮѪѱʱٶܳ˴һȽϻģڳ˴֮󻹸ϽתͷѴŴµĹغá
ЩѪȥʱڴԱߵǸСٴα򿪣ǸܼҴŮٴν˴
𾴵ˣѾ׼ˡ⻰Ƕ˹˵ģϾ˻ݡ
˹ûлػ۾㣬˼ֱ
վ˹ͻ˵Ϣһ£ȵʱǽң˵Ǹ֮üʦȰסҳ극˵
˵֮󣬾͸Ǹܼ뿪˴
һ뿪վͿʼûԾ˵ľǸ
˹ĵ̣Ͽ׼Ѫʳ⼸ɰұﻵˡ
˹һֱԱߵŮ飬Щŵϸ˲ûʵ˵ѪʳʲôѵѪ𣿡
﷭˷ۣȻ˵׼һ˾УŮЩкŪҡ
˹һ̾ͳ˴
ܿһʮŮ˽˹󻹸Ǽˣ̧Ѿõţ˿֮С
˹ϽŵŮڽ֮ͿӵĹ۾дž֣Ȼϰӣˡ
˹Ůӵ˹ǰ֮˽Щõţŵţͷ˵ǰ
Ȼкһ˾ƹԣó˺ɫҺ壬ʼ೩
ţͷһǰʳеĹӶѾˣ֮󲻹ܲ˵ץסһȫֱӾͳڵĹ򣬶ֻʧһ룬ЩѾòˡ
΢΢ЦߵŮǰ׵
ĺûɫѾܳʱûˣһǳζ
˵ͻȻһ־ץסŮĸ첲ȻһҽŮĸ첲Ѿ˺
žⷿ˵Ŀɿڴ֮УǳԻȳһھͰŮĸ첲̽˶ӡ
Աҡҡͷ˵λС㣬Ͳ˹һ𣿡
ﲻмĿ˻һۡ
ǳԷʲô˹Ĳ˹ĵģǺѪ˹ˣҿǼš
˵仰֮Ͳܻˣǰһ˵Ůϣʼϲͣ˺һŮҽеȥܿľһ
ȵŮ֮󣬹㲻ٳˣվǰһץŮץ֮һ̵ԼĿС
˴ʱǴһá
Ե̫ʹˣҾûгԹôζʳ
˹Ц˵ҪԻ򵥣ӽ֮һҶ׼š
֮۾һܿľҡҡͷ
żһλУôɣһ᲻˵ġ
˹ͨ仰ҲµһЩ˼λ˿ǷǳӵģԼԺҪСˣҪɡ
ʱúܿ죬ۿž͵˻ƻʱ
ʱһ˴Ҵҵ˹ԣĶ˵˼䡣
˹ɫ̾һԵĻ˵ˡ
ԱߵĹ￴˿ǹƮǵ˵ǽ֮Уλʦһ֡
˹˵ͷվȥ
һһĴЦŴű㱻򿪣˹һɫ˽
Ӧþǿˡ
߽֮̾ͳһΪڴ֮ȿľǻ¡
Ȼ͵תͷ˹ô£ͽΪʲô
˹ʼ磬Ȼε˵ҵѣʲôط
ɵҲ֪鲻ˡ
ֱӵľһ˦ӣžʹһŻ棬ֱ˹Ǹɾ䲢ûһ˿ԥ
˹ſʱ򣬾һֱӱСɣڼԷֱʩչħҲæԱһ
ĶһЩһ˿˿Ļ滹մ˹ӡ
һʼҵӣܿľͰ˹Χסˡ
˹ҲЩ͵ģֻһоðһ˿ɫЩ֮ǻͿʼϨˡ
ʱѾʼȥΪ֪˹ĵ̣ԼҪǲϽӵĻһ˹סټЩϺзԼĲһܹѡ


512 
֮Уǻһأôÿôߡ
ֻվһԵĹֻһͳſڣס˿ȥ·
һӾͼƮһɫĹ
Щһڿдһ诶һͬƮȥ
һ֪ⲻǺö˲ӲֻԱ߶ȥǹҲķƮȥ
ڿ֮еģλʦҲħֻһħ˿ܣЩһؽ̶С
ȻѾסǿҲ׼ʹִУֻһξͻһẓ́ͣĳס˹֡
ı廯һСҪӹ֮дܳ
Щ϶ܴ󣬵϶֮Уһεڷܡ
ǿɵһײϣ̾ͱͷͣ󲻵ò˹֮С
ʱ²Ƶ߹Ź֮еĿ˵ҪˣҲһǼλʦʲôˣ
˻µĻϸĹλ귨ʦ
ֻôһÿŵûԭλʦǵħĴʦ
6λʦŵʱһ˹ܰҲ
Ȼֻʣµ꣬Ǳħȴλʦһ֣Сôܹߣ
¶˾ȻѾλʦΪʲôҪСֱɱܿﲻǸá
ԭѾ׹ЩˣҪͽܿ˷ͥ
΢΢һЦ˵ΪǼ壬Ϊγͻʧ̫žټѣ
˹Żºһ῵٩٩̸Щ
ǰ˻µԣ˵ֻҪĹҾǰԼ䣬ĺҲܹƽ
һ˹Ļͷһ𣬲һȥΪ֪˹Ľ˾ܿ˶ôһˣ
˹۹Ⲣûоһ˿ΣǷǳҫ
ҵΪΰݵĽ£ҽҫ
˹˵仰֮󣬻µķ˿˼˵Ҳ˵ūͣҫࡣ
¼᲼˹ԼĻɫЩÿΪ˴ֻʱŵȵ½֮Լƿ˹鷳
תͷſ˵˹˵ĺܶԣӵͬһˣֻҪͶҵһ
˵仰֮󣬻һ£Ȼջ˵Ѿ˼ˣӦкܶŲ£㲻ھȥɣ
µĻû˿ߡ
ԴӳΪѪ֮ӵھӪǳ츳Щ˵Ҫ÷Ҫ꣬һҵˣܹҡ
ΪԽܿ˵ģôˣǼֱǶԼķ
֮⣬мˡ
ȻѪǵһӵͽԼӺ͸ĸȫתĺᡣ
Ѫļ֮УǸĸڣ˶ԣΪ˵ġ
Щ˷˿ߣò˸߰ͷ­
ֻҪܹסҵļİȫôҿΪ
¼һͷˣǳ⡣
ܺã΢һȵȣҵһ
õǰϣȻ˵ѵҪСʱ𣿡
˹ʼ磬Ȼ˵ûа취ڼ֮ǰһж԰ȫΪҪίһ°ɡ
˵仰֮˹ԱߵСƹȥҲ߲ˡ
һֱû˵Ĺȴߵ˿ԣ¶Ѫ۾´һ½ͷ¶һ˿̰
ԭһν𰵱ӪȻµʱ򣬹Ѿ˼ѪЩѪڵİǳãǴ֮
ΪѪǳкøУȻֺøǶʳϲûġ
֮УӣദŮʱҪʳӣɵôһսȻھСԼ͡
￴ſ΢΢һЦȻתȥǸ˾ƹ

ʱúܿ죬ϵʱ˯ˣһ۾ߺѾ֪ˣű򿪣߽ѪŮŮһź㣬·ϴ˿ڣŴ˿
ոս˿¾ʹ˹վԱ߹㡣
ֻɨһ۱㲻ٿˣߵ˿Ĳǰ
Ѿ׼˷ʢ͡
ٴ±ɨȥڿĽһħɵ߹һѪ
˹ӵ񣬸æСߵ˵ˣǿѾƷˡ
˵ͷԻǵжǳ⡣
Ϳʼ͡
ѪŮǰ㵱һźˣһ۹ɨȥ̾ѪŮΪ㽫˰ǵУ͵ߡ
һݳ޵͡
һٷǳ⣬ٷжôĺóԣϾҪһйʦǳѵġ
˵ʵڲϵЩֻͨҪǵ˴½Щʦһķ궼ˡ
ǻ˵ˣȻͨһ㣬Ƿ̫ˣȫֲ˵
ùͣ̾˽˳ȥ
ʱվߵ˿ǰ´һѪ
ڵĿѾûиʱôɷˣֱһͷӡ
ǵôˣͶѽҪȥ
˹ʻڿ֮ǰ˵ˣѾ׼Ϊҳϡ
Ҳֲ˹Ͼ⿵ô˵ҲĴӣҪǿˣȥûŽ
ҲˣϾţҶԷʵʵ̫ǿˣѪǳ֣λʦѹܿˡ
ȻԼûбҪˡ
𾴵ˣҽΪҵҳϣΪеΪն
ĵͷʶȤҲȫ˻֣ߵλħʦ̾˼žһħ
ħΧڿԵħҲʧˡ
»ɣǼʹҲκεϽǰһľһ
ˣΪϵľ⡣


513 
ڿͷʱͻȻְ̧˿ͷ
žһɫķðȻ˿ʶ֮С
ͻȻϮķ䣬һ£һ뵽ԼѾͶҲûʲôãԼļܵǣǾͷ˵ֿǽɫķ뵽Լʶ
ŽɫĺͿΪһ壬˼Ҳʼٵת䡣
ֻ˼ӵʱ䣬̧ͷʱоѾ˿ȵĳ羴
㿴ŶԷԼʶһ¶ԷʶѾȫıԼƿˣ⡣
˴֮е޹˵ȣֻ»˹ԼˣǿʼŽôԸܿˡ
ոյĹ鸽Ȼǰ¶һڱ˻ûпڵʱȵ˽ܿ˵
ˣܿ˵Ҫǰ峤ļС壬֮⻹ǰ峤ƿصЩ峤Ⱥɱﵡ
üͷһ£ԼǴΧܿ˵ȫɨ壬ڽܿ˵ʵӰҲǺܴ
һԼüϽΪ
˲̫ˣȻЩСǳĴ󣬵˹ͿѾΪǵˣЩСҲǲΪǣܿǾܽȫ£һߡ
ŶΪʲô
ΪÿУЩСӦöԽܿ˻Щĵġ
ˣڵĽܿ˺ͻȻıˣʼԼȨͬʱЩС忪ʼѹϣСµȫܿͳһָӡ
ΪʲôЩСͶˡ
Ϊԭȵʱ򣬽ܿйַһȻЩС嶼ܽܿ˵иԵ
ڽܿ뽫Щȫ£Լ£ôԭЩС峤˵һȻǲͬġ
ǽܿʵǿͬʱƿʥѪЩС峤ûа취
ֻĬĬܣȴһʱ
ʱǵˣΪܿ˼Ϊǿ£˹ͷԣСȻǻͽܿԡ
ãȻǾ͸ԷϢЩС峤ǹᣬͬһȻǺãͬǾͰЩ峤ʱһһʰ
˹ΪУȺѪ죬ȻǸæȥ
ھЩˣͱ߽ܿˡ
ڵĻȫǹ¼ҹһ
ΪͶѪȻҪһЩԡ
㲻ҪĽǣȵǳ֮ܿһ峤ܿ˵ЩҪ¡
ĳŵᡣ
ڵأͷأҵˣе̫ҽĽ¡
һЦ˻˵˺ˣ˵ЩĻˣɡ
¶Ÿһվ
ԶĹ￴Żµć¶һ˿м

ʱúܿ죬תۼ͹ȥ죬ܿѪС峤ǣѾӵ˹ĳǱ֮С
һεټ˹ͿģЩС峤ǲûʲôԴż˾˳Ǳ
ڳǱĴ£˹Ϸ
ЩС峤ǿ¾ȻվϱߣһԾٿ˹Ϳ񣬾Щˡ
Ҫ֪¿һͽ峤ܿѾͨ˭Ҫס»дʹ͡
˹ͿȻͻۣͬ˵ʲô˵Ѿվ˽ܿ˵Ķ档
Ȼ˹Ϳʼ˵Žܿ˳Ϊ峤ֲ֮ǡ
ԭȽܿ˵ĸԱͼӴס
ܽᣬЩҪٲôǸԵʵܿͨɾֻʵʵĳΪһͨˡ
µɵ峤ǶʵԤϣǰʱǲվмͷȻҲͿʼȺ鼤ܡ
ǺܿľʹЭ飬ͬԿܿ˵ı
ȵƷ֮ܿѡ峤ִƽܿĿȱͬʱӵѪ
ͿʼˣѪͨʳ˰ǰζȣǴŮѪ
Ѫ֮⣬дѾơ
ʱƺܿͿҪˣЩѪǶѾһȵģ˹ŵ˿ͷ֮С
ȵһƽֵ֮ˡ
˹ĳǱ֮УҪͷǷǳ׵ģǰ˹·߿ͻ¸档
һͷǰ˹ţȥ֮ʩչƿͷڵС峤Ȼȥһ䡣
ȵɫһηŰʱЩС峤ǶѾˡ
ˣ˵Ѿ˽ܿ60%
ʣµľǽܿ峤ƹܵģڵ㻹
Ҳûٿƽܿ˵ţΪѾûбҪˣѾƿ󲿷ֵ
ǰ¶ˡ
ЩС峤Ȼûм㣬ոһ߽оͲһ޷ܵĳ羴
Щ˲Ĺ˵·ԣӭǵ˵
ڹ߹ǽ˴ı֮ϣ
ʱ±ߵλѪŸվ
ֻ˹ߵ˿룬ʼܡ
±ߵЩС峤ǣ֪
ڴҶ֪ҵˣôҾ˵һ˵Ҫȡжӱ֮վ±ߵ˵
һ˵±߻Щ˽ѪС峤ǣһѻȸ
˵ܿҪڼ֮ٿһȫĴᣬ»֡
˵仰㻹һԵ˹˿
˹Ͻǰ˵ǵģ˽ܿǰһʱ֮һĳǱ֮С
˹Ļش㣬ʵҲЩƣ⵽ĸһǰˣСۣ鱨˵ȥģ׼δ֮˵Ļģأڿ͸˱ˡ
վ˹ԵĿȴϹ˹ԭһ͵͵İʵ˻㱨
վ±ߵЩС峤ҲһͣĵͷЩ񲻶ԭ
ãȻ֮ʹµһǰȥһܿˣҪʶĻ峤λûһҪȻĻֻΪҽˡ
µЩȻǲҷԣ¾;Ϳʼϸڡ
˹ͬľ飬֮ǶԴԼµľϣȻһǰܿ˵ĳǱ
ΪڵѾ׼ʲôˣ׼ȫһӰѽܿһ򾡡


514 
֮ͻװİ磬˹Ķ֮УһһСǱ⡣
ǵ˵ʱ򣬿Ѿ﹧ʱˡ
Ⱥ֮һһȺмˣ廹Ǻġ
ΪȻôǾˣôܿ˼мǧ˵Ĺģ
һ붼˺£ôѪÿҪѪάǵѽ
Ⱥ֮У˹Ϳ࿴˿㲻˵ŴλС峤һ߽˽ܿ˵ĳǱ
ڳǱһβĹܼңӭ֮󣬽Ⱥ뵽СǱ֮ڡ
ǱȻ˵˹ĳǱأȴǳҪ
ΪСǱ峤ķء
ЩѪ峤ĺᣬֻҪƿСǱܹΪ峤
ڳǱĿȽСȻǲЩ峤½ȥˣֻ˹˽˳Ǳͻ¸ˡ
Ҳǽܿ˵ķʩΪڵõϢ˵ЩС峤ǴԼľǰ֪Щ˶˷֮ġ
ǣܿ˲׼ıԼ⣬ΪʱѾˣҪΪԼĺıϡ
ҽܿΪԼӵʥѪЩ˾ôҲģ˽ܿŷĴ󵨵Ǵ½ԼĳǱ
һǣЩ˿ŽᣬʵЩлԼĸֻҪЩ䣬Ҳ޷ٱˡ
ЩɵС峤ڴ֮е˽һСʱܿ١
һ˶ǴһԭڵĽܿѾԭȵǸģˣһߡ
Ҫǣ˸оܿڵѪʼٵ˥ܣʵѾ޷ѹˡ
ܿȻҲ֪ԼڵߵжǼʥѪ
ܿı֮ϣ±ߵͷҲЩ󣬸׵ΪƽЩ˿յֵԼʰ̯ˡ
λеֵܣһټģĿҲ
ܿ˸ո˵仰±ߵλѪͿʼӵ˽ԽԽ󣬵Ѿٹ˼ɽܿˡ
ܿüѪгŵҺһ㡣
ڽܿ˵ھһڷҴܣܿЩ֧ŲסͻȻһ
ס죬ڻ۵ʱ򣬰˵
ܿ˵˵֮ͬʱִһɲɵϣ±ߵЩѪϾס죬ͬʱ۾˽ܿ˵ϡ
ܿ˼˰ŽѪƿˣȻ±ߵ˵֪ǵܵһЩʧҲǲòҿԿǵļֱһɢɳЩĵʵڲͣĲʳǡ
ǲһģĽ־ǵҷ𣬵Ǹʱʲô
ܿ˵Щ֮վڿ֮˼֮˵Ҿӽ֮еȫջص֮УڼгϻᣬЩ峤ΪϻԱ
֮ܿûһӰЩ˵ȨҲΪ˺ЩȫɣʱԼܰѹȥеʵҲʧء
˽ܿ˲ŸЩһβͣǱһҫĵλûжȨѾǽܿòˡ
µλ࿴˿˹ǰһֻܿ˵˵ͷ˵ܿ峤˴ҵ棬һΥ峤һֱߡǾܽܵġ
˹ˣܿͿ֪ǾԼġ
˽ܿüͷû壬±ߵ˿ȥ
ʲô˼Ҳͬ˹˼𣿡
ڽܿµЩС峤ǸͲҵͷֻΨΨŵŵ
ǳϵǣܿ˸ոյû˵꣬µЩС峤ǾͺǱ˿һӿܿ˷˵ѡ
ܿ峤ΪԼȨҵ棬Ǿͬġ
ܿˣ峤ûôҰĲû뵽ǸոյĳΪ峤ͿʼΪ
ҪôɣǰǴȫɱˣĻܵóѡ
ܿ˿Ⱥ˵ӣҲЩû뵽
ЩС峤ʲôʱôĵˣȻһ𷴶Լ뵽ʱ򣬽ܿ˲Ŀ˿˼ÿԼ˵仰ȻԼ˳ƾѹЩС峤
һֱĬĿڽӵܿ˵֮󣬸һĵ񣬱˳
ҶһһûбҪǴ峤Ҳǲˡ
ſĻЩС峤Ƕһð
ܿҲ¶ЦݣԼµͷһԱ󽫣˷ԵʱҲֻվ֧ԮԼ
ǽĻýܿ˲һѪ³
Ҳ˵ɣȻܿ峤ȷʵˣǴҿ峤ķϣʱĹһأΪͷͰʹѪȨҿô
Ļһ˵꣬µЩС峤ǶһŽŵĺá
ܿѾɫ࣬۵ſ޲ðԽȥ
ܿĽܿ˾ƽΪڵľѾˣµЩѾ˹ͬˣһҪԿԼ峤ѽ
ҿԼ˰ţĻ챻ôһƣԼֲãľͻʧȥеȨ
ΪѪһҵĹʶǾʧȥѪƿأô͵ʧȥ˶ƿء
վϱߵĽܿһЦ
ǺǺǣȻĻǾͱ峤ˡ
ܿ˸ո˵仰ڴ֮еСű㱻򿪣žʹߴ˼ʮŷʦ۵ķʦ
ڷʦ֮󻹸ٶλѪЩѪһ϶ðŨѪмѾ˹Ϳˡ
Щ˾ǽܿ˵ĵƣҲǵ峤ѹɱﵡ
˹Щ˽ʱɫûб仯
ǣЩС峤ɫѾÿˡ
Щ˵ڽµʱѾʶˡ
µļǶôķ٣ŵ峤ĳңѾг峤֮ڶˡ
ôһ֮ļͱ߽ˣҪм̰ͶĻ»µĺһ¡
ڵĽܿһʤȯյĸоˡ
ôֻҪǽȨٻٲ˵ġ
ܿ˵ڻǲϾɱΪɱЩˣһδģ𵴣Լһϴ
Ļͻʧأ޷ټѪԿˡ
˹һЦȻŽܿ˵뵽սթˣΪǲǼٸ˵ľΪƾЩ˾ܰ£
˹ֵܣСǱ˽⣬ʵ㣬Դ֮ǾѾռиҲͬĻǾҲ޷롣


515 
˹һ£ܿľƽΪġ
ܿ峤㲻Ҫ˵̫ˣ֪֪߻һڵأǾǶ
ܿһ֣ɫЩˣݺݵĵ˹˵㾹Ȼҹˡ
ʲôҵģⶼصĳ̶ˣֻҪܱʲô¶ܸɵó
ܿ仰֪ûбҪٺǆˣһ֣µЩѪǾ͵ȥ
ڳЩˣܳΪһСͷͷֵȻЩµġ
ֻǸʩչͨеĻеȥΣе͵ı仯ĹʼڳЩܿ˵Ӳƴ
ܿ˶Ѫվϱ߿±ߴһţûȥæеĿϷ
ߵνʿܿ˲ûзϣΪԼǱġ
ͲߵǸʿͨԿԽλǰԼ鷳
˵һţ˵ߵ㣬ЩѪǾĵȴš
ʱ߻ǾĵģûһЩòͷˡ
Ͻۣʩչͨڿȥ
һ֮УǿʧλһֻʣһںĿռ䡣
һ֪ЩͷˣҲ˲¶ˡ
ֻ͵һ˦ͷϵЩͷӵһߣȻһͿʼٵά
ܵĲǽܿ˵£ѣӶѾĿɿڴ
ΪΪʱ巢˾ҵı仯һϢʼɢֻѹڳѪЩ
˵뵽ά֮άۿڽŵλһС͵Ŀռ䣬롣
ʱҲΣյǰһ磬ܿľСͿռ֮ڡ
ռ֮󣬷֣ǽܿ˳ǱǸ
ڴѾһţڵѾ˺ܶʬ壬˫ʧС
ոһ֮Уϱ߱ϵĽܿˣѾͨԳǱƿأѾˡ
Žܿ˾Ѿվڴ㡣
ʱ۾ҲõĿһμˡ
ڷ֮󣬽ܿ˵۾Ѿˡ
ԼһʱԽԽȻ֪ʲôǴԼĲ²Уҿ϶һĹ
վԼǰǾͱ뿪ˣƴҲҪ
뵽֮󣬽ܿվơ
Щں͵ԡѪ£ܿ˵̿ʼȥܿϵսֹͣˡ
ʱѾһ˹ͿһǴЩС峤Ҳ˵һԣȻ־ôһĹѾʧһˡ
һ£Щˣû뵽һ峤־ȻôҪ֪Щ˿ɶľ͸û뵽ֻһĹ㱻һ
ټѾһĿռ䣬ʹˣһҪǴռ䣬Щ˿ֻԶ޾֮Ʈˡ
ʱ㣬ĵߵ˴м䣬ϱߵˡ
λ˼ҿЩ죬֪մ
ܿĻһŭһ񣬾֪ϷŪԼ
ûˣһһԼ˴䣬ĻԼҲ䵽ء
֮ܿҪջеȨǶΪԼµ䣬Լһ첻һ죬ĻԼҲûбҪôִж
Ϊսܿ˵뷨ҪջȨǽһĹ̡
û뵽㾹ȻЩ£Ȼܹ뵽Сռ֮С
¶ڱ˵޷ƽ⣬˵ֶֻΪ
㲻Ҫ˵̫ˣȻͱ뿪ˡ
˵仰֮󣬽ܿ͵ذλԱߵһť
ĴͿʼȻܵʲôųһʼٵһԶ롣
ڳ˲֪ʲô۹⿴㡣
ڵҲϽʩչͨӦܷһУ֪ܿǰ
ԭڸղһ˲䣬СռѾ˵λ棬ʼ޾ʱ֮зȥ
һˣѾŵˡ
ΪĻСλԺܿͻᱻʱɣʹǲɻҽʧ֮УҲʱ֮вͣεԶҲ·
ǶѾɾ͵ɣܹ⴩ά˵ֻС⡣
˰֣ڳЩ˾Ͱ
ҵʲô֣ԭѽͬھ
ܿĻĴЦ
ʿû뵽ɣ
ȷʵû뵽һ֮ȻĺͿ
ǺͿ𣿡
ѵһؾʧˣķϣҲҪα
˵꣬ܿ˵ͻȻ¶ҸЦݣ±ߵ̵˵֪֪ѾҵĺӣϾҪԼĺˡ
ǰĻЩһᱩףΪﵽ˵ɣĸ鲻֪Ŀʼࡣ
ڵȻҲоһЩʣȴûκεŭĳɷ֡
ܿˣ˵ЩûõˣǵĶԹҲҪ˽ˡ
˵仰֮ӻȥ˿Ȼһӡ
֮У̾ͺƹ֮̾š
ЩΪ׵߸ˡ
һźɫ۵Ůӣ˺ƣԡ
ʦģһҲܡ
ϱߵĽܿ˿ʦģɫѾࡣ
Щ˲ˣĹӶǰȥɱλʦ
ܿ˻ΪѾ˶û뵽ȻˣȴѾͶ㡣
ʱ˵ЩСʰˡ
ڰеЩķԸһĺХ֮ȻڳĽܿµЩѪȥ
ЩѪôҲǳЩûе¡
ֻЩ˹ԼڽеѪȻ͵ľԼϬĹ
ֻһ棬ʧ˺ܶࡣ
ҲΪЩѪڶһѪȵЩһӿǵϣƻǷǳ޴ģԶ֮Ĺ˺
Ȼ˵ǷǳҲǳľ޴ҪͣȡѪά֡
ʱƣЩѪڵԽԽѾȫʧЩе޾ûκμƵġ
ܿ죬ЩѪǾͳˣһĳ֣ôǽӶķ
ܿܿ˵Щ£ͱЩȫɡ


516 չ
ܿ˶ԼʧأûиԤϱǻ΢Цֵµһʧ
㿴Žܿ˵ӣЩͷԣһǲǷˣԼµô࣬Ȼûһ۵ĸо
ȻǾץʱ佫ЩСආʰˣȻһܿʲô֡
뵽֮վһԵ˹Ϳ˵Ҳȥæ콫Щʰˡ
ѪͷĻ̾ǰһˣҲսţЩͶС峤ʱҲûվţǸ˹ͿЩܿµѪȥ
ļ룬ܿһӵûа취ֵˣֻ˶ʮӵʱ䣬ڳϵĽܿ˵¾Ѿˡ
ܿڱ֮̾˿ЩȻûжô
˵仰ܿ˽ѪеѪҺ˵ϡ
ЩѪҺһڵϣϾ뵽˵ذ֮ڡ
Ĵܵ˸һʼٵķŸֱ仯
ȣĴʱȻŤһѪܵľ޿ڡ
ʱڴǽҲһ˫˫ĲҰ׵֣ܻͣš
һѪûע⣬һָֻεץסԱ߾ľֽѪס
һüͷһ壬Ȼ͵зųһ׵磬Щϡ
Щܵ׵һϾһȻ
ЩסѪʱҲ˵ϣʱһһ
ԭôӵʱ䣬ǸѪѾòΣϺǱḯʴһÿӿݡ
ڵλѪ˫۶ѾûˣֻʣðѪС
ܿ˿ⳡ¶һ˿΢Ц
Ľ
̵ĻҲЩʹˣûŪǱױʲôǰû
ܿ˿±ߵĬӵˡ
Сʿô꣬һҪҵô󻹲ҵС
˵仰֮󣬽ܿ˾ͿʼĴЦ
㿴ܿڵӺѾ˷ɲǸղǸĽܿˡ
Ϊܿ˵ı仯еľʱվһѪͻȻĿȻ͵ľץԱߵһͬ飬ֱĺҧȥ
ҿۼֿ죬͵һ̧žͽѪ߳ȥ˼Զ
Ѫոյһͷı仯
ֻѪԭȵھȻˣϳһֻֻ۾
Щ۾ÿһԹ޵Ĺâǰһ
һü̧֣žһ磬ѾѪϡ
ǸѪҽһȻ󻯳˻ҽ
ΪѾ˶ԷʱͻȻŻҽ֮зɳһѸײڶ֮ƣԱߵһѪȥ
һ´Ҷû뵽˵ȵҪصʱѾˡ
öһûѪ壬ѪҲʼ˱죬һûб򣬶ǿʼûжĹͱһš
ŲͣӿɫĻ棬ֻɢһŵζһ֮ж˶
Ѫֶ֮мֲס̱ڵء
̾˿ܿ׼ԼͬھˣȻĻҲʩչֶΡ
ۣվϱߵĽܿ˿ȥ
ڳ˵УܿȻѪģķ֮Уܿ˵һι״ĹڲͣǰŲܿľҪܿȫɡ
㿴ǸʱǸѾ˸ӦһֻѪܵ۾Ҳ㿴ȥˡ
ֻôһӣ͸оһа˳۹ҪԼ塣
ƽ˵ĻЩ֪룬Ǿoġ
oһ˿˿ӡǣ˶ҪֵаӡǣҲ˱졣
ֻӡǿʼĹâЩâֻһɨͽаյԼڡ
Щļ룬ӡǺҲʼˣһǿʼӿ뵽֮ڡ
ǳĸߣһڣͿʼͬķ
̫ҾּͨȻУʼڻ
ҲЩȥԼĲΡ
Ҳ˲ˣϥ˵ϣһ̫ҽּʼ࿹⡣
վԵǸæһ֣ʦʱҲܣĻס
˹Ҳɵӣ龰֪ЩãǼæΧʼ㻤ͬʱ۾ĶŽܿˣ֮Σ
ǶˣڵĽܿѾԹ˲ϾεĹͲͣĽӽܿˣҲоԼ˼ԽԽҡ
ܿЩˣٻĹͬھԼĺһɾ硣
ǵͷһ˲أ
˽ܿ˲ĿʼԼ˼룬ҪѳĿơ
εĹǽܹܿƵģԽԽӽܿ˵˼ҲʼԽԽľȫֻ֪꣬վ
ʱ㣬ڵ̫ҽּڷתš
̫ҽּųһĹ⣬ǱҪͬҲʼ
ֻöԷûֹͣɣȥ¼Сʱ֮ڵͻᶼԷͬ
Ѿûа취ٿˣ̾һһ˼ͿԽ޾ʱͿռάȣ˹ľ֮С
ĵھеλһʩ
ûǣǰһߵмϵĹǰ
ѣһ֮
Ѻαǫ飬ұһ壬α롣
΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻǰһˣ뵽˹ڡ
Żɹ㣬±ߵλ˵ڴˣӣҵķ̳ƶɮȥȥͻء
˵仰֮󣬹ɵһӰʧռ䣬ȵٳֵʱѾǸСλ֮С
Щˣٴγֵʱ
ʱվĽܿѾˣֻĴ֣Щÿһһֵ۾
Щ۾ͣܵɨӣǿһˣǸ˱϶ķ
ڵĴѾһţֵµЩѪѾʼɱ
ֵͨµЩǲʲôãЩѾһţΧ£㣬令С
ɹĽܿˣڲڲֶͣԼĴ֣ЩִЩ֮̾ͱһֵ뵽Щϡ
ҲʱĹˡ


517 ø
ֻ֮дһЩڳЩѾѪǣȻʼоһƽЩͷԶǡ
ţһɴȱİɫĹâСλȫ֡
ѾɹĽܿˣһоֹâһ֣ͽͱȫĸ롣
ǸҲʼշ޷
ЩǸһάһԣЩԶ˵һߵС
˲һ֮Уıͬͬࡣ
һȴһˣЩȻͣͨɢڳЩѪǣȻûиоκεĲʡ
ʱɫĹâ֮гһӰӰŽ⣬¶Ŵȱ֮ɫλΧ
һӰͷһĽǲγȵƣһ˲ʹάάǸߵάȡ
ĿķǳԣҪֵͨĽǰ׹еӰȫĻˡ
ʹ޷ҲҪԼȡʱ䣬ܵĹ
ϾһѾ׬ˣȻкܶʳûãǵڻǱҪ
һؿЩʧˣȻ󣬵ܵҲС
ЩӰѪոһ˿ͷ֮ͽ̾ͽѹȥЩѪ»ָǡ
±ߵû̶֣˳ϢԽʱպάǸԡ
һֵĿռ֮УȲάҲάǴάά֮һֵ״̬
״̬УάҲάƾ״̬Ӱάһ˼롣
ֻҪɢϢôάͻ˼ûֻ츳Ŀ£ΪľõŹ͸а
ֵĿռ֮Уﶼǵܵ޳羴
ĵȼ͹ࡣ
˹һֵռ䣬̾ͽȫķһɹɴȱռ䲻ͣɨ
ЩɨǸҲӿʼͣðȻҲԵı仯
ι״ӣڿʼ󻯳˹еϻģ
ӱ仯λ棬Ҳͬĸı䡣
еĹǰһǸϻıϡ
ϻڹ絽ϣûκεų⣬ǵü˳۵Ĺӭ
ڹϻϵһ˲䣬߰˸λ湩Ҳ˱仯ɹϻһηŤ˹ϻϵӡ
žһɰ֮ӿ뵽˹ͷ
Щ֮ͣӿ룬ҲоԼλʼ
ܿλ˵ǰء
λ񣬹ܹ磬һзࡣ
ûλͣãλһ˵ߵأԶеء
λѾգ޾硣
ڵĹɾλ޷ٵ硣
ľﵽԶеأͿƾߵͨԼٵǸ֮УҲ޷赲ˡ
ҲǹɾʥССı
ڵλɾʥڻ޷λ棬ֻǵȵһ˶ϣ˫ΪһʱǲſԽ١
ֵâͷŵĹ硣
бâɨ̾͸о徻ޱȣеԹʼͣڡ
âʼ粻ͣ͸ʱ֮һš
ӷ𣬹סˡ
ΰոճɾߵĹҲӾ֮ѹ
һѣĹâ㿪ʼܿľʹ˹ıγı⡣
ǹһԴʹڴӷ
껹ЩãΪڸղͬŹѾ˹ߵǨ
˺һѹϸĻͷڵһĽɫĹâЩâԪͣ
Ҳһصõĺô־֮ӡ֤ԼĵǸһ
ڵѾ˵ɵļ£ֻҪǰһܹżɵľ硣
ССһκ˵֮𣬿ȥ˾ǳ粻ȻǷ
ѹֻ֮˵ͷȻһ꣬̿޾λ棬ص֮С
ʱڵǹֵȻסʼ˳
ȻѾ÷ǳ˳ҲҵģҪ֪ıһ
㲻ҵ̾Ϳʼµת̫ҽּǵĹ⡣
Ҳ㾳ѾˣڵԽּɵĽǰӵļͣÿתһܣͿʼͬһ㣬õʮӣڵȫͬ
ʹҲû˳Ϊ֪ڻһoµӡǣˣôԼ˵Ǵ
뷨ڵǵĹܿľʶصǹӡȥ
ȻǹӡѾʼأѾЩˡ
ĹȥǹӡҲʼ˾ҵͣ˫ͿʼĹ⻹Ǽһ뵽УܿľͰȫ߽⡣
⵹ǿһoڹΣoӡ޷ٵõ䣬ںõ£Ǳͬ
Ҫ˵ӡǵȼǷǳĸߵģ뵽֮УоλֿʼǰԵһ
ǣȵʱָоһεĵǰ棬ʹö޷ǰ
޹£Ƿˡ
۾ʱ򣬷ǰѾѪɺӡ
µЩѪѾʧСʧһ룬ºǰֻ1/4ġ
ոյһ۾ɿԣʵӣûʲô¶ɣ
㳤ĳһȻҡҡͷ
ȵٴΰ۹⿴ǰߵʱ򣬷ֽܿվĵطֻһͣŤ
ЦЦܿѰ·Ȼٻа
ôаı屻ˣǽܿ˵ȴҲ޷ָԭȵˡ


518 ع
˼˱Ľܿǰ
ڵĽܿѾָһЩǣȴûа취ƶˣֻһ˫۾Ķ㣬͸޵Ķ񶾺䡣
㿴⵹ùһǣӴ۹֮Ĵȱ̾ͱ
ӻͳ˷ͷΣȻһס
ͷȻܵѹƣֻһˮСĻ
ŻĽܿһָǻ̴֮£˽ܿ˵ϣǽܿ˾ͷһĲҽУܿҽҲʧˣһ·ɵ֮УٿǽܿѾҷ
㳤һһڵλ棬ԼĵҲǱˡ
Ҫ뿪ʱһʲôܿ˿˵Ѿˣʲôط
ǲٹģ뵽еĺһ֮Ϊ𣬶Լֲڵλ棬ǲǸԼļǻ
Ҫնݳĺá
ЩЩ磬ĿǰҪӦǽѾ䵽ʱеС½ٵλ档
뵽֮ǰ˽ܿǱ֮ϣܿ˿ȻüΪⱦûзʲôء
üʱ򣬿ߵ
ӣڱһԡ
֮۾һ£ȻǱ֮ϡ
ȥ֮㲢ûʲô֣ǰ۾Ͷ˿ϾҲǽܿ˵ĸӦû֪һЩĻ
ǿҲɵˣȻǽܿ˵ĸǶ峤֪ܣҲ֪֮١
һı֪һˣܴͻȻڵϵѪ΢΢һЦһѪܵһɵ˰գȻϡ
ץסѪһ˲䣬͸оԼʶʼ˶һ˼άʼӿͷĴʼԾɵڶԡ
˼仯Ǳʱ֮зȥĿͻȻֹס˷еķ򣬻һλ濿£
һӳȡõЧǳĸˣ˼ٵĽάܿľ˵λ渽
˴֮ƵĴܵʲôλ׹ȥܿľͻصСǱ֮УǳǱµǯΪһ塣
ʱ򣬴ͻȻˣ߳˼ٸˣЩ˲ˣЩѪΪ׵ǻ¡
һţͿһƬǽ壬Ѫأ֪ãȵ̧ͷ㰲ȵڱ֮ϵʱ򣬲һ
ڵ̧УԼѪĸҵԡ
£ϣ̵ʱ֮ڻָȻҲһܿ˵ʲôط
ѪķԸϽĵͷžʹ˳ȥ
ߺ󣬹ƮԣʵǲˣòҸʰϢһ¡
΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
ǹ̻⣬ȻƮ˳ȥһʹн˼ŮѪǴ˳Ǳһͷ֮Уڵķ£Ȼ˳˷䡣
⼸ȷʵЩˣƣ룬ϵѾˣһɳڣ͸оһӵϮܿľ硣
˵ߵѪͷ죬ڵõ֮̾ˣ硣
뵽Ĳǰȥ꣬ǿʼػ
Ҫ֪Ѫʮ֮һǿƵĲѾ˲˼ĵز
ǻн̻ںѹƵĻվϿһҵκ;ˡ
ôӴĲƸ棬ȻҪһ
ĽǴƽ˽ܿŲ
Ȼ˵ǹ¼ҹһϾģеĵλͬ˹ͿҲڵĵ˲Լӵͬȵĵλ
Ȼ֮ſʼķԸֵµĴѰټ
ѰӦǷǳ׵飬ΪѾסˣܲصĵطҲЩеİ
ԸΥһҹļ巭˸飬Ҳûҵꡣ
һЩצˣǸô˽
ǻ³סֱӺȻ겻ڼ֮Уôпܲĵطʲô
Ѫ岻Ԥܿ˼еڶ
ôܲصĵطİȫˡ
磬Ѫ˵Σյľǣ̻ʵĿΪ꣬ÿ
µ֮󣬻࿴˿ɵˡ
Ҫ֪̻ʿƵѪ˵ֱǽǱ˵ȥ̽鱨ˣһǸͻᱻ
˹εض˵ʱ޷ǿע;鱨ǲȷʵˣֻʵ˻㱨
˻࿴˿˵ͷһ𷢲˵ĸļأһҪǷѾǰ˽
̷ǳĴ󣬵ȵڶʱȻûյ
͵ʱֻεĶǰ㱨
ڽܿ˺Ŀ֮УζȻǿһߵ²ۡ
Щζ֣ҾͲ֪ЩΪʲôϲ͡
վԱߣĻЩΣϾҪҲˡ
˱ϵţ̣ƲһۣȻʵôˣϢ𣿡
࿴˿ǻվ˳ͷ˵ǶˣûӰ˽̻ʵĿ
ǻʲô˰˸ץ
εӣȻε˵̻ʿ˵ǽֵµһǸͻᱻԵĿǰΪֹǸһƬڡ
֮üȻԼͷ
ѵǾûǰȥ̽𣿡
˹ʣϽĳ˵ǰҲǲǺһԱˣ͢ŭžͶѪһ֮Ѫ֮ʹЭ飬ٽ̻ʵľԿˡ
֮ף͢ˣ13ѪܴӴҲ̻ѹƵģֻܶںڰֻ͵͵Щ飬ҹߵ
Ѫ˵͢ǸɣǶ˵ϡ
Ǿ͸Ͽȥ굽ǲȥ˽͢巽֮Զ֡
µ˻࿴˿϶¶Ϊ֮ɫǿվ˵ɲҪģǽ̻ʵҲۼģʱ̻ʻȣٻѪľӢһα̻һɨա


519 
㲻ںİ˰֣Ȼ˵ǲض˵ˡֻҪҵҪС
֮ôţΪǳȷ֪λûһ˴ﵽɵľ磬˵ɾ͵ˡ
ټһܿ˼ʮֵ˳ҲѾЩˡ
Ҳֲ㣬ڵȻȻǵɣľѾһεõ˷ԾѾɵľһֱš
־֮£ʹҲͷһݵģ˵ĩλ档
˼Ѿ˾ҲȰȥĴߴ²鿴Ƶ׷١
㻹˵嶯ԱһɷǳӴܿľ̻ͨʿĵ·ϵļأټ
˳һ·׷飬Ȼ˽̻ʿ
ˣ֪ȷ䡣
Ϊ˶Ը꣬ͿʼܵĲãѪȫʼǰ̻ʿнͨҪ
ѾܹļˣϾǲҽġ
ǼʹЩѪҲð˷ǳΣգϾ̻ʶЩѪǽɡ
˵ڵ꣬ǰʱ򣬽ӵܿ˵֪ͨϽǰ̻ʿȥȻȴϢ
ڽܿ˵ĻƴӣڽӵϢֵ֮̾˵Ļ£ҴҵĽ˽̻ʿȻһƵʱס¡
ΪԼﰲĵȴŽܿ˵Ϣס˵ڶ죬ű㱻ˡ
زĵط껹оĵģûֵµ˿ţ˸ʲôˡ
õĲǻش𣬶Ƿűҿ
žʹ߽˸׳վŽ۵񸸡
һЩˣ֪Լٱ¶ˡ
ڵǳĽţѾվȵĵزΪ֪˿ѪĵˣΪܿ˵ӣЩ˵Уһºá
ǳϵǣǸ߽񸸻׳΢Цߵǰ
ʱŮڵǰߣ񸸼ǰ
Ҳûм֣վЦ˵ˣӭϵ۵ľ
֮ϽվͦѾĶĵͷʾ⡣
λİ˰֣˵˲ˣǲԷôġ
֮ŷȻûЩŵشл͢İֻסܿͻ뿪
λȴҡҡͷ˵·˲ֻҪסˣҪסܳһʱ䡣
ʲô˼⻰Ѿ˲õԤС
ˣҪ֪ͨһõϢɷܿ峤Ѿȥˡ
һɷˣѾվˣֱӾ͵ɳ֮ϡ
λ̾˿˵ˣҴ͢ʾϵοʣϣڰ˳䡣
겢ûдʹ飬Ǽǿʵܿôģ
λ⻰۾˸һ£Żشܿ峤ǱͽɱЩͽһָʹߣʶġ
⻰۾Ѿ¶˻Ȼɫ
ԼѾĶӣ۾¶˼ᶨ
Ѿ֪ôˡ
ˣ㲻֪ô죬ǸոյõϢͨĵ·ѾѪˣһ޷뿪ϵ۵ľ
۾¶ŰˣȴЦݡ
ǲǸҾˣҾͲЩ˻Ҵϵһᱣ˵ġ
λ˵ͷ֮һ־øԼ׳뿪˷䣬Ȼ˵Ҫõϵ۵ıӣԼҳϣϣϸ̸һ̸
һ£̾һǼ£ֻǿˡ
Ҳ˻֣Ůڱͷʾһ£Ҳ˳˷䡣
ˣ񸸣ֻʣˣʲôԾ˵
ϴЦ˵̻ʿԱӻԼеĺӣǵȵӳ֮Ϊϵ۵ˣ̻ܽϴ񡣡
겢ûеķŭ΢Ц˵ҵĺӿѪѵǾͲܵ𣿡
ˣ˵ģĺֻ1/4ѪѪͳѪͳĴӵб˸ǿҪ׵ĸ֪ѪĴڣϵǲųġ
ͨ仰Ѿ˶ԷĿģҪԼĺӵ״Ѫ
Ѿ뵽ýˡ
ðɣĽѾͬˣϣһʱܹ֤ĸӵİȫ
ģǽ͢Ĺˣǲܵκε˺
˵סƵܿľһȺĽʿȻǻ뿪˾Ƶ꣬ܿľʧ˵Ұ֮С
ո뿪͢һŶ۵ˣסľƵ긽
˲ˣ׷ٶ㡣
㻹һʱѾ֪ˡ
üͷӦŸϢЩϢǱһʥˣȻľȴôҲ޷Ϣ֪֮ȥ
ڴϷյʱͻȻһԡ
Ƕɣ
⻰һ㶣Ϊ񸸵ĺʵ̫׼ˣ㻹Ϊһͬء
¡
λ΢ЦŶ˵ϵ۵Ҵһ仰
üͷǰ񸸣Ѿµ˶ԷĿģȻһ˿ϣʵϵ۵ˣʲôҪ˵
ϣ뿪ϵ۵ľұ֤λ˵鷳
⻰ɫѾˡ
λ񸸺Ҳ֪⻰ǳ˰˵ضŭΪ˫İȫ̻Ҳ˳ŵֻҪ뿪֤Ǹӳ֮󣬲ļκε˺
´һ£¶˲м΢Ц
ô뿪
ǲ֪ʲôҪ󣿡
ҵҪ̰ҽĻҶŭ
˵ʱֲһ䡣
ҪԼ¡
λüȻҲٶ˵ʲôֻһ񣬱ת뿪ˡ
㿴뿪ıӰ֪ε̸ˣ㲢ϣĵԼǿ

˵ڵĽ̻ʹУλϵ۵ˣڽӵĻش֮󣬲ûие⡣
ֻĶԱߵһλ˵ͽܵһѵĻǲᰲ̸еġ
λ̣ʵλǿΪʲôҪΪһŮӶ
̻۾ԶȻ૵˵ŮӽΪµʥĸ
λ֮Ǵһò˼۹ⶢŽ̻ʣŽ̻ʼᶨѾ˽̻ʵĻ
̻ʻһ仰ûиλ̣ǾǣֻӲ䣬ȫĳܳΪ


520 ̻
λ֮󣬱һõס¡
õķ֮Уų˹λʦ
ǹһ뿪˿͸оһǿѹڵķڲ֮ͣ͸ÿ͸һЩ͸оԼ忪ʼ߽һЩ
طЩŹ֣ҸоԼֻºܿͻᱻ𾻻
㲢û˵ʲôΪ֮е顣
һز׼ЩսֻҪʱıסԼˡ
ǲصģܿͻֻҪ֮ǰҵ岻ܵ˺Ϳˡ
ǹ֮һȻλʦ˵ͷʦ̰صķλվܣ㻤м䣬
ȻһֵħⷿӣʦΪŦγһصĽ磬Ǻ㻤С
㿴磬֣ȻܽԼУȻǻᱻеֵ֪λʦħֻܱԼһϡ
ʱ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
ϥһԭǣȻܿ˿֮ͿʼٵάάĿռ֮С
֮оԼѾΪ飬ܡ
˳ָо˶Աߵķ򣬺ܿľ͸ӦԶһɺԼһ˿˿ӦѪ
⵹ǣѪĺֻΪѪܸоѪĴڡ
ӦѪһ˲䣬ڽ̻Ҳһ۾ǻ۵۹⿴֮С
˿һ˲䣬Ҳ˸ӦҲĿ⼯е˵ϡ
ϲûиоκε˾һͨһӡ
ԴȴûκεĵģΪȻûκεȴ˵пǰδеš
Ҳ£ֻһͿ˿ռ˽̻˵ǰ
ֵһ˲䣬̻ʥڿгɹɵʹǾؿ㡣
ֻɨһ£ʱ㲻ϣԭʱȻԲãʵУֻɼ£˵ɣԼĶ֡
Ŀ·Ǹ˵ϣȻ󿪿˵֪ڽһܹƽϢŭ𣬷Ļܹеġ
ǸҲվ΢΢ͷܿľ͸߰Ĵƽ㡣
Ѿˣǲ㿹ģһ̫Ҫˣұ뱣֤İȫ
̻ʽ˵ֻҪŹӣ̻ʹеıѡ
ʲôˣһĹʦҪʲôܹõԶڽ̻ʹЩͲ
ǵĶҲϡҪǱ뽻
̻Ļش̾һȻ˱֮ϣԱһֱŵȨȡ
ǽ̻Ȩȵһ˲䣬͸о˵ڱŷһǰδеѹ
̻ǰɹɵʹѹ֮Ҳ΢΢ĵ˸߰ͷ­
̻ʾһԼҲܹ㣬ʹܹĵԼ̸С
Ϊ̻ʶǷǳ˽⣬Ϊ˽⣬вŻһɵľ£κεĳͻ
㿴̾һҪҶѽȻôûʲô˵ˡ
㻹ǳû⵽̻ʵ˼Ϊ̻ʾʵҪԼ֣ԻûȽ̻ʼ˵ξһνά˽̻ʹϿգάռ֮С
̻ĲѪͦѽҲɱϣô˹ؼʱ̷ɵ
ʱάռе㲦Ū˸Ĺ򣬽žһ磬ֱ̻ʹȥ
̻ʱѾԼĸӦ֮Уһ˲䣬Ľ̻ʹһɫĹâֱӵľͽµˡ
ʱ̻Ǵӱ֮վ۹͸άάϡ
˵ˡ
˵Ҫй⣬Ǳ˹⡣
仰άռ֮еĸһɫĹââһ˲ʹ͸ʱϡ
ڵоһǰδеɣ»صĸ׵̥֮Уڣױȡ
һ˵ĻϾͻȥ㲻ͬǵɵټϾϣʵľѾԶԶĳԼӵе
ֻãһ˲䣬ϵľʹָо֮˳
Ȼ㾫ѳˣоֹʼųһеķ򣬺ܿľͰܹõķȫų⵽ΧΧŵģֻɫĹУ̲˵
üֻһɫĿƷΧ
Ҳڵͨά֮ƶܹ
㿪ʼµĲŪеķ
ڵĽ̻н̻ʾ͸оܵĿʼɿʧûмӵʱ䣬Ľ̻ȻΪһƬա
̻Ѿоһǿ׳ľ֣Լĺ޷
˴ʱֻ̻ǿſ죬ʼµĻ˵ʲô
ʱ̻Ѿû˿޷ͨ⴫㴦άռ֮У׵ظо̻˵ʲô
˵ˮ֮ҪпˮΪ¡
Ž̻ʵǱյĽ̻оȻƾյĲһſʼѸٵȱܿĽ̻ʹĻָ
üû뵽̻ʾȻȻά֮УȻƾյĸԤԼά˶Ĺ
ܹڵλڼǧ꣬ѹϵ۵ˣȻôǵġ
ԼҲȫˣˡ
ֻӻȡľ⡣
ⶫѾܳʱûжˣΪ㷨ĸǿĵѾһڣҪ
±ߵλ̻ʸܴѹѾò챦
ֻ㽫ľ߸ߵйͷȻдʡ
⣬Կã뷡
㷨ľ֮ϣȻ۳һŵĵ⣬άռ۵ģŵУȻ̺һ˿֮
ֻʿŵһֵֻάеǽ̻ʡ
㴩͸άռıݣάռеĽ̻ʡ
ǽ̻άһ˲䣬Ӧ֪ˣţ˵Ҫй壬ԷҹǺţӣꡣ
֮֮кһĿͶ˽̻ʣŹͷ˱仯֮УȻΪС


521 ͨ
㷢ԼķȻһεʧˡ
ˣȻһףȻܹɵľͻԼ׷
Ҫʩչͨʹ˴ӦԼʱλ̻Ҳʼˡ
ֻȨȸ߸ߵľȻ˵ţħȥɡ
һ仰оܵĹ͵Լѹ֮лһҪԼϵ˼ľ
ǳĴ⣬ȻʱսͶѾǷǳ΢ˣҲܹġ
εı˽̻»صά֮С
ǵ֮㻹ðоǹȻڲͣųţҪյ֮С
һЩˣҪԼ֮Уܹ졣
ûа취ˣ󻹵ٻԼķǰ
һ̾͹ͨھ֮н˵Ĺ
һӦֹͣ˵ȻϷŴ
һ˲磬ԡ
ֺųڹһ˲Ϳʼȥܿľͱ
ǹȻų𣬵һܣĸӦĹһξۼˣǿ
ڵĹӣЩһӴȫͬ
㿴ŹѾʱĸ룬Լع鱾ʱ
㲻ҵǰһԼԣǰһˣ뵽Լ֮С
۾һ
̻ʹȻ鴫һҪԼҲк̨Ļ¾ĸʱˡ
ոһʱͻȻֻ޾һγ֣һؾȻҲУҪһߡ
һЩˣûûˣΪԼѽ
ҲǰʥˣʶһԺеǸ䣬Ϳʼ͵
ۿҪ˷򿪴һܣȻ˴֮ϡ
ǹӰΣʩչͨʱҲûмȻڲͣİų㡣
֮һҡӱѾ׶һֱӾͳ˼ʮɵľˡ
ϵЩοͺǣһҳһţžܵûӰ
ǹһֱų㻯ɾ֮Ϊļˡ
㲢׼ôưոݣȻԼѾǰ˾ˣôͲܰ;ϣɴͳͽ̻һ˶ϡ
ոտ粽Ҫֱ̻ʱ򣬹ҲƮǰ
ӣһȥ̫Σգһ֮
һҲһ취ȻԼͨ󣬵ǽ̻в֪ŶϣЩȻǶԼвǰһֱҲһ¡
˵ͷȻӻȡ˿ݵ˹С
ⶫ֪÷ʱһͬǰȥ
ϲĽӹģһڿо͹ŨŨŨŨԽԽ֮࣬Уʼ
˵ͷٹֱ̻
ôĶ̻Ҳ͸Ӧˣڽ̻ѾۼһѵľӣЩѾԴˡ
ȵԻͥߵʱǾҲϻֱӾͿǹˣǹ֮⣬лһЩȻںͻͲ
ͨЩ⣬ֻ΢ֵ̧סԼ۾㲻ܲ˵ļǰ塣
ӵϣȴ·޷͸ֻǻͲȻϱը΢оһ˿˿Ĳ
ԽԽеľҲʼˡ
Ͼʮɵһ߳ﲻǼٵġ
ڼԼеǹ֧ҲԶԷûˣӵЩʴӡ
ǵָӹٻѣæķ˳˵ЩſʼˣԽԽĳ˱һܱ
Ҳûдɱ뷨ϾЩһЩˣԼûʲôԹԼûбҪȾЩ
ԵķһЩŲЩܹݵسߣȵЩ˲Ӱ̻ߡ
ʱ̻Уǽ̻ѾһƱĽʿʮּǰʼ
ԽԽڽ̻ϿճһɫĹǴ͸ʱͿռϣͨһʥĵط
ڹ֮Уʲôۡ
ԶԶҲˣʲôҪӸγȵʱս뵽λ档
ȻǲǾôɵɷ͵һȻʮɵ֮ܿľ˴֮ǰ֮˴ֱǹ˹ȥˡ
ǽȴԤϣĴȻĵ˹֮ϣȴ׵Ĵ͸˹ȵջֵʱ򣬷ǹȻûκε𻵡
̺֮壬ȻڿٵռֻҪǼʮӣǶܴ޾ά֮н䵽λ档
վüǽ̻ɱˣȻѶԸ
ȻûãԼҲֻʩչˡ
һ㻳оͷɳһźɫĻ棬һ֮Уȵ¶ȾͿʼܷ䡣
Żײȥ
ͨŸγȵĹһزûһôɣ޾Ļ߱ڣҲһĲЩȶ
±ĵĽ̻ʣҲӦʼҵĶǳŭȻһֱԼԵɹʹ˵ħΪӰȡʱ䡣
ɹɵʹ̻ʵķԸûκεԥ˲䴩͸˽̻춥֮У赲סǰĽŲ
ʹѾǳ˵ĴСҲʮɵľˣȻû󣬵ǿҲܹĵˡ
㿴ʹҲû˵Ĵ֣ȥ
ʹݺٶԵĳԤϣֻûе˼ҵǰʹѾʧǰ
͸оıһľȣǱõһ
㼱æתͷȥеһʹѾܵԼֳһɹɵĵľ޽ڲͣɢһĽı
ЩˣӬֱûûˣֻһԼıǰɽʶȻ֮лһĻ߾ֱʹȥ
ʱҪ˵ٶһڷɽһ˲䣬̿ʼ㣬Լܹ֮ɵķУʼŷɽ
ٶȻǿ죬Ǳɽǲ࣬ȻտʼηɽĹǵεʱʹҲ㲻ȥˣۿҪɽʱһʹǸϹ֧Ԯˡ
ֻʹҲɹɵľ޽͵ľڰеķɽ˹ȥ


522 
ûеļײʹľ޽Ȼ˷ɽ֮ϣȴϺһ㲢ûɽıԼķз
ˣλʹֻۿԼͬ鱻ɽĶ󻯳˹ʧǰ
ʱѾĿ¼еλʹϡ
ֻдʣһſڣһŽĻ棬ֱеʹ˹ȥ
ЩʹûԼĸ飬Ȼͬ鱻ˣûκεĳһ˲ͿʼԼ״̬
ֻǷһҴܣĻһһڣȴûһ
ЩˣһֱԼԲͣƵĻʹһɫǻ̾˼͵зȥǰȥ׷ǸҴܵʹ
λʹûйܷԼĻ򣬼ֹͣŹ⽣ֱͷ­
ɢŽⷢų¶ȵľ޽ҲֻʱͣµĽŲԼľצǰȥֵ
ɫľ޽ϣͨǽȻ˵й֮ӣҲ޷˵㡣
ӵùǣʱŻҲ˵ʹǰҲ޷ˡ
עĿ£һŻУ󻯳һĽ⣬ʧǰ
ڽ̻еĽ̻ʼԼɳʹѾ𣬵ǵʽûн
ȥĻûȵʹӰнǾѾȫʰˡ
ûа취ˣֻķټӰгάˡ
̾˿Լͷժ˽̻ʵĽڷ˱֮ϣȻϵȨȣţغˣʹӰУ뽵ٵϣΪɨһеĵˡ
Ž̻ʺǱѾһĹɵʹһ£Ȼ˹ֱ̻ʶȥ
ʱĽ̻Ȼɫ࣬ȴûжɹɵʹ뵽Լ֮С
Ž̻ʾ͸оԼʶʼģǱһǿѹ׶ˣȫ˳˯
Χڽ̻Եḷ́ڵĽ̻Ȼ۾ȴɿıûмӵĹѾ˶ʮģ
˴ʱ̻ʲ۾ԶȥŰɵϾҪ̻¶˹Цݣʼ߽⣬ɹɵ壬Ȼ޾ʼۡ
޾Ĺ뵽֮УҲʼ÷ٵֻͣǼӵĹѾúһĴСһȻͿʼ󻯳һ12ʹ
㱾Ѿ̧һֻţ̻ȥʱĳ֣òֹͣ˶ؿţվԼǰɹɵʹ
λʹѾ˽Ц˵αΪʲô˴
ʻػشĽ̻ʣѲҵĵˣҲòд¡
αľǸŮӻϵ۵ĺӣǾϣȥ
ôĻشôˣһҺ˵ǿ㣬Ȼʶô͹ֲˡ
Ҳٺϻ͵һԾȻһֻȾѾʹӰС
ǼӰмһԲԾͿʼ֣ҲЩŭˣԱһĹһУһɹɵıУ֮󣬾Ѿ޴ıȥ
ҲڶĹ֮ҲһһǰѷɽҲ³ǰ
һߵĽͨʹ񽣣ͿʼͼӰɹɵı˼ҵײ
ӰеֻһͶӰȷʵ磬һ´㻹ǾЩ࣬Ӱȴòȫء
ô˫мҵײʮΣ˫˭Ҳûռˡ
ǴüҵʱֳһХ֮鹦÷һԭǷʮսΪһ飬߷ɿĽӽ
ȵӽʮʱֻǻ»һмʮöտյֱ㡣
̻ڵĹҲӦˣɳ˷ɻҪ̻
ʹӰдļңûй˼Щ⼸ʮöȫ㡣
ִսɺ͸ղŵЩǹ֧ͻͲͬһ㣬žͷ˾ҵıըоһۣӾͷһġ
һľ¶ǼӰһ˷ɽȻľ޽бȥ
һɶ㲻ˣһӾͱɹɵıߣ͸оһʹȻ߾ͲŽɫѪҺ
һ¿ЩˣԴ޳ɵûܹôصĴأһرһʹķشˣҪǴȥûˡ
һգͲٹ˼µˣʼȫʩչͨ
ֻ͵һܣȻͿʼзɿתŲ
ֻǼµĹͰ˼Ӱе׷ʲٹ˼ɣĶµĽѾȵһƬǽ壬Ҳö֮Уɥ
Ӱп˼޹ӵķŭѾðһŵĻ棬ͣųȵĹâ׷㡣
ʱѾǵ˹ٻԼķɽ֮һָǷɽ׼򣬾һӰȥ
񽣼ӰҲòʱֹͣ׷ԼĹ⽣ʼֵɽ
վ壬ӻȡ⡣
⣬Ҳ˼ɵĴСͬʱɢһ˿˿Ĺâ
㽫ٹͷʼ
巽ʹ飬Ƽ̳ԾΪǲȥа뷡
һأǰԼ׷ʩչ˼£ڵķͣӿеĺѾĳȫס
ɫǷŹļӰԵøӵˡ
ʱվԶ㣬ÿŵһֻӰһָϵ̾ˮһʼӰӿȥ
ӰʱڶԸǰͣҴܵķɽ˼磬ֻһ˲Ĺͱ߰˴Ρ
粻ͣ£ӰϵʥҲʼİҲʼóٶۡ
ⱻϵ۵ĳӢۣѾ޷άԼ壬󲻵òʼСϵĹҲȫʧ
һ£λʹò뿪˽̻ʵ»ص֮ڡ
ûʹļӳ֣̻Ǵ˯֮µѹԵȴǴвͣµ硣
ֶӵ̻ҲֻȫԸϣֵܹסѡ
ֻ߸ߵľȨȣȻ˵˵Ҫй⣬˹⡣
Ž̻ʵ֮ڱŷһǰδеĹȣвͣطǵ
Щ磬һӴЩȣ˫Ϳʼ˼ҵĦǽӴıԵȺ粻ͣķı仯ɢ


523 Ү
ԶѾǽ̻дĺǵϵ۵ˣֻҪ㽻ҵĳˣڻܹ
Ȱϵ۵ˣûлشֻǼԼֵϲͣ硣
㿴Ӿ֪ԷЭˣһ
⣬Կã뷡
УЩ磬øܼˣоȻ̺һ˿ɫĹâ
һЩһ˽̻ɢĹȣһ˽̻ʵ֮ϡ
Ϊһһʧ̻ϼһһᱻɷĩʱͷŨͷУȻɢһʥģȴѪȵĹâ
Щâĳ֣λ̻ͻȻʥַЩǾʲôһȻԶ˸˽̻ʵԡ
ʱϸĻͷֽ̻ʵͷ֮ϾȻðѪͷʼɢֳһɾɵĹڡ
ڵĽ̻ȻǱ۾ȴܹһе
ĽеȨȲ˵ϣȻ˫־ٹͷ
һʼĶԾһЩ˽̻ʵܣͣΪ̡
ҲЩòöԸ̻ôô࣬һһÿһȼǳĸߡ
ȻоڣҲûͨ
㽫еµķŻ˻֮Լͣͳһö졣
㷨ӿ뵽֮УҲı仯ֻܲһĪ֮еԷܵų⡣
֮УоԼλҲʼһһԿ֮ڵһС
첻Եģ汦졣
ʱҲ˲õķ㵱ȡʱҲǷ˾ţ֮ολ档
ֵһ˲䣬ͽ̻ʸѹסˣȻȻʼʥųĹâȴҲ޷뿪Լɡ
㲨֮ڵķֻһ˲Ͳһϣ̻ʺϵȫĸ
Ž̻ʾ͸оԼڵʼٵı룬ȥܿͻ˥ܶ
ǽ̻Ҳ׼Դˣֻǰһƾžڵͨһ˲ǰ
ڵĽ̻ǰͺһųȴ㲻¡
̻ȴףųܿľͻᱻԷ֮صķᣬܹʱ䡣
ֻ̻ʣĿ˵ˡ
ˣ٣ǰڰɡ
һ仰̻ʵͿʼٵĸɱȥûмӵĹԭȻǾĽ̻ʣѾһݵͷ
һ˲䣬ԼѾԽʱͿռάȣһ֪ʱΡ
ڵѾʧȥ˷صͨúһĴС
ǰվһڵģʮּϵˡ
ȻȻʮּϣľȴǳĺãҺضΧתһԵôʥַ
˿ͻȻԼǰûκεĻţ֪
αֻҪ£ܹ̾ΪǰǿʹҳŵΪĸλֻ֮¡
һŵоԼѾһûзգûм֮ϣʹ赸
һ̻Ի͵ĴѾ򿪣߳˰λʹǶͷҪӭߵĵá
ڵֻҪһܹõ޷ҫ
Ͼ޳˵ɣѾоͷˣȴȻǶǹľŲ޵ԼΪѡ
ʱһԽʱͿռάȽٵõ֮С
ڵϵλõļ̌ͷеͻȻı֪Ѿˡ
Ҳ˸߹ͷ­ʼĬĬ
ۣԥҲʧ̧ͷᶨ֮ȥ
ԽԽӽʱ֮ͻȻ˾ҵŤ־֮⡣
־ĳ֣ķ򶼿ʼðͬʱЩʼĴ֮а룬λʥ£
֮еλȫ֪ȫܵ־֮󣬱㿪ʼˣܿľ뿪ʱΡ
λȫ֪ȫȴѾ̵һα
Ҳ翵ҫ֮ѹ
ʮּϵλѹҲֻ¶һ˿εĿЦ
һʱεĽ̻ʣǰ׷ˣԼλҲ޷κεα
еʥϵȴ֮Ҳʧˡ
λʥȻˣµĹȴȻǴڣڵλ޷һ˿һķֻۿıİʧԼǰ
»صԼʱΣȴֱǰĽ̻Ѿȥʱˡ
ڰһ֮󣬴°ת˽̻֮ᶨԼ־һһһν̻ʹȥ
̻ʹʣµĺ̻࿴˿̾˿һ˳Ҳʲôת̻ȥ
ȵ̻ʹʱ򣬽̻ʹеʿԼǲû赲㣬㾹Ȼһ·ߵ˽̻С
ʱֻǼʮһλ̣һͷŰ˵ľġ
˵䣬ǿԻɸΪ񲯡
ûûеõЩǵĻӦ
Ѿ˵Ҳٶ˵ʲôֻͻȻŷһŵ磬ȻֳʮһɣֱĻʮһλ̡
֮£Щǲûκηܿľͻ˻ҽ
ǱӦξʮһλ̵꣬ȴʼųȵĹâ
Щâ֮Уֱһʹ
ֻЩʹһۣǷϡ
ϾղǺʹӰдսһֿԽʱάȥλȥľ
ڶЩСආǣǿÿһۡ
ֻһ֣ǱһֱڿֵĹóˡ
ֻ߸λʦӵ
ʮһλոճ͵ʹǵطɹһʱЩæңܿľͱ޾ɡ
תͷĶԹ˵ҳ
ķԸ޾ʼܷɢȥʼ̻ʹ֮ĴҴܣѰĵˡ
ѰʱߵѾҳһţر֮ϣܶ฽˰ѸղʹӰжսƵѾϡ
ʩչͨʱ򣬾ͿظıһЩԼòԻûϳ
ҲȻ󲨣ΪԼڵһƼᣬǽôأʹ;˶Ѿˡ
ͨ˸оЩʴӡ


524 ʱƽ
޾Լά֮Уһ˰ԼֵĵطǱ԰
ϵ۵԰УеﶼôİԼͣϻʨԼͨǺѾʧȥ˹ԣһεûκεĳͻ
԰һԵĹ
ڹһȵĹâ˸ţγһ̫ͣɢŹȡ
ʱһʮʹ˽̫Ĺȥ
һˣ˱仯Ǹ˵ʵѾҵˣһԸ
ʱ̫Ҳԡ
Ǹôˣ
˼Ѿϵ۵ľѾɹ
˸Źâ̫ٴδ˻
ӰУ֮齵ǰʥӵԣİȫ
ǣҵ
λʹ˵֮󣬱վ뿪ĵá
ܿ죬Ӱбһλʮʹ˳˯֮ǵ壬䵽˵λΧ
ǵ֮ǾҲ޷γˣΪλѾʼɢһĹ赲ܽ롣
λʹѾ֪ˣֻһϾͰ
ʧȥ˴飬㴩͸˵谭ȥ
һӴڴ֮ϵ̾ͿʼһķڣЩͽסһЩ»˻ҽ
˴ʱٿӰкյ飬Ѿˡ
࿴˿ĬĬĵ˵ͷȻ׼һͽ߹ȥ
ʱ㻹ڽ̻ʹзƢأΪֵµѾѽ̻ʹ˸飬Ҳûҵꡣ
㻹֣ٴ̽һ£ֵµѾΧˣʿǹʵͲѴҲƹˡ
һεʼ磬ûлжˡ
ֻһеĿЩȫ
ЩѪ㽻˻ԼãϾЩ˿кܴģǵİȫ㲻زġ
Ȼʩչ͵͵˳ȥ
ȵ뿪лʹĽֵϵʱٿ̻ʹѾˣİձӼϵ˸ı
ڴͣװ׳㻹п˼̹ˡ
Щ֮⣬װֱڵͿ
㿴䱸ɭϵӣεҡҡͷطܴˣǸϿصԼ硣
͵͵ﵽԶһСɽϣ̵֮Ϊܿľάռ䣬ǰһԾֻգۼĹʹص˵ˡ
ص֮ٴԳΣȻ󳤳ĳһϽĵȥʦ㡣
ڵһ죬ڶֻʼѯ
һֻȴ龹Ȼ漣ƽ
ԭǵѾˣһʹ;սǸùӰƬһ֡
ⲿӰƬʱʹΪȽȫϢͶӰҵõ˽̻ʹĴ֧֡
Ȼϻ˲ŹٷһףǴ󲿷˻ǽ˹ٷĽ͡
ĵ˵ͷ۵Ǻǿġ
ָǴһ绰
ôǱ߰ȫ𣿡
˷ģѾȫˡ
ٷûΪ𣿱ϾʱʬҰ
ٷȻԴ·ǳķŭǷеټϽлʹǽʣһλ̾ȻˣԲŰŪȥ
ˣֻҪԼ²ʧأôһж˵Ǯ𣿽ܿǼ弸ǧܵĲƸ⳥˵ֻǾţһë
ˡ
ðɣǾ촦鴦֮ǲһҵСTнһЩͶʡ
ͶʵĹģж󣿡
һ룬ЩͶʶΪԼļ׼ģͶС˵Ļûʲôô
Ͷʴһ㣬ҲҪǮ
û⣬ڶϾԾĵǼűڶͶˣһֱǱܿѹţһȥһõ˵֧֡
ˣȻƽҾͷˣԺϵ
˵֮͹˵绰ɳһ룬һλصλѾʱ˺üˣ֪ʲô
һ뵽㲻֪ΪʲôоͲһֲõԤУԤԽԽǿҡ
һֵ
ԼҪȥһˡ
뵽֮ϽʰһԼ·ȻԼһ绰Ͽ۽Լ
Ϊóڽӵ绰֮󲻸ҵܿһͣ۵ſڡ
Ŵ򿪴߳ˣķС
һһģ߻һŮ
˵Թϵһ㡣
ֽ˵ۣ˼ء
ûУҵķСе֡
ǸŮܿ˿ȻƲƲ˵ôСһۣûʲôοͰɣʲô
΢΢һЦȻ˵ɽڸ顣ССҵֵܱɴأĴϰ屧Ǯ¡ο͸ǵǮ⡣
ǸŮһȻʵǺǮôÿһλ򣿡
һǮǮ̫ˣʲô¶кþˡ
˵ĵڣ˳ɨŮһۣϾüͷ
ŮȻഺ㿴ŮЩͷ
ԭŹԽԽѾԾľһЩСͨ
翴֮ģȻʲô࣬ǼһˣֻҪһ۾ܹ֪˵ĹԼ
Ůϣ㿴˴ĻŮض˷
˼Ů棬Ҳ˵ֻЦŶһк
ˣԵһ£ʰ·Ǿߡ
ȥɣôŮĵ֮йһ䡣
˵֮§Ůҫһ¡
㿴ֻ²ۣڸ˰ɣȵ޵ʱ
ͻԼķʰЩ׼һЩŮ͸ĸ
Щʱġ
ʰ֮߳˷䡣
һֻǸŮ֮߳ǿĵطǸھĶˣֻҪһҶǽ޾ͻȥ
ڽΪʲô裬ҲŮϵĻ
ϽĻý»ص˴ţ˵ҲĲ˰ɣ߰ɡ
ȱżѽҸһ¡
ͰŮԼԣ˵ҵŮȡ
ָŮܵҸ˵ģҵķСǸĵʿԺʲôұ֤Ǯ
ŮЦһ£Ȼ֡
ҲֻŮ֣һ¾ǸϿķſŮһ


525 ؼ
ڹ֮Ϸɿʻţܿľͽҵıſڡ
˳Ȼ򿪺䣬ԼĶڻУ֮кһ
һʮżƵģͲᣬֱӾͰ˰ִŮѷɳ۶ȥ
㿴ʧεҡҡͷҸ˵Ůأһûˣֻܵȵһ»˵ˡ
һ죬סڼУŸĸŮȴŻͶŶӵ
㻹˵һߵжǳĿ죬ֻڵʱǾʹһֻӴͶŶtС
TеĹԱ֪Ͷ֮ǷǳĻӭ߹ӭӣȻŻǲιtеʤż
˾Ͷʵķʱȴ̫ȭTеĹԱҲûйڵżֻϣϸĿǡ
ڴЩԱ֮󣬻ĵҵĸ֮֮ͨӦ㴫ȥһźš
Ҳ˸Ϣ߻£ֱˡ
õĻظŸҴҵĴš
죬ĸæĴţһֻվһȺ⡣
ڼʱǸ̫ʵ˵ʱǷǳ˵ġ
ڻ֪ǰ˵ĸף̬ȷǳĺãӲĺ˵ʣļ𣿡
֪˵ʲôˣֻǵ˵ͷ
ãѣһ½صݷ
ŷӦתͷԿﺰ㡣
ǽɡ
ĻЩˣ˼һȺݷãҲӭһ£ʵ̫ûòˣǰҲ׼ѵԼĶӡ
ȴ˴㣬ȵ֮һҪѵѵСӡ
ʹŻ£˿ڻ´ЩǣŶҽֻſڴš
ڿﱧŮأǵĳСſĽŵ¡
һӽǳС̾ſȻֻ۾ݺݵĶŻ¡
¿С׶ϣ͸оɢһɷҲҼǰվڿıԵĿ㡣
ЦЦСȻ˵ǵĿˡ
һ仰С̾ͰſĽ£̧ͷŷӡ
С갲Ÿǰԡ
ּˡ
ɳĵ˸ͷȻָָԱߵλã˼û
²ΥԱߵѵ
㻹û˵أԱߵˣǰһԴһ¡
ȻĵĶ˵̫ûòˣϽҺúõдˣȻĻȵ֮󣬿ôʰ㡣
̫˻ҲΣֱֻԱߵĻЦЦ
¿ԼЦ̾Щܳ
ȵ̫ȥ׼ʱʵŷ½һû¶ɣ
ѾȫûˣѾЭ飬Ȼ˵óһЩ棬ǼĺĲûܵˣֻҪٹܹ»ָ
˵ͷڶԸһ棬еѪһ¶ġ
οһҲ˺ͣǼѽ̻ʹˣ̻ҲˣһֱڰѪ˵һǰδеĴʤ
¿¶ЦݣҲһӻȡһĺӣȻ˫ֵݵǰ
ǣܿ˵Ѫ
һⱦ̾Ȥ
ֽӹӴһͨͨĲôãڲﾡݡ
ⱭӺѾǳԶˣԵЩӡ
ĴӺȡѪȻ÷ӿ뵽Ѫ֮С
ķɸոյӿ룬͸оѪһƬѪѪ֮һħڲͣ̽
ķոյӿ룬ħ˷
徭̽ѪȻŵôģ˱ķֻǼµĹͺһȦȻԾѪ
֮ΪħЦſ㣬Ȼſľ죬һ
һ͸оԼѪҺʼٵҪѪ֮͸ƤȻ䵽Ѫ֮С
һüһžһε֮ȻѪ֮еĿռ䣬Ǹħϡ
ħܴһһҽУ֮ʹ˻صѪ
ȵٴ̽ͷʱϵ֮ɫѾˣе¶ֺõЦݡ
ĬĬ̾˿Կǰĸλ峤ʩչѪʱ򣬶ܵħĿơ
Ͽλ峤ڿѪʵǵѾѪеħȾ
Щ˵ϣħȻڹƻģǶԼ˵Ͳ¶
ԼûйѪֻʱħѹȥ
һǻеķͷ̾ͷųһ˿˿Ĳ͸Ѫ֮С
ʱѪеοռ֮ѾһЩһǲѪҺĸһȻ͸Ѫ֮УǸѪеħߵﶼᱻεĻ
ֻεһߵͷһ߷ĲҽС
ڵʯĳħĽͲӦʱƣħԽԽСȫûϢѪ֮кһ
ȴǳħֻߣô
ҲûˣеѪ·ŵ˺УȻƸ˻¡
ʱҪȥһˣûʱѪ飬Ѫʱıѹ
ĻϾ¶һϲЦݣܿľͰЦɻʵˣҪȥʲôط
ⲻʵġ
̾͵ͷҿ۾
Ҳ̸Ѫ飬ʼͻ̸TеͶʡ
ȵʱĸΰҲˣһ˺ͻ³һٷڷ֮ϣѻ½ܸԼĸĸ
ͬʱ߸ĸõѣԺTеʱ򣬼ʲôѾȥһ¡
Ҳλ˵ǰظ֤ʲôȫԸҪʱϧɡ
ΰºֵò֪롣
ǸտʼΪֻǿأŽ̸ȥǷֻġ
󣬻λ˵Ǹϰ壬ǷԼĴ飬λǿĽ˵ǡ
磬Źĸǣ㽫͵ʱͻȻԼıҼ䷿Ӷˡ
ڵһЩˡ
˳۹⿴˼ԱߵļȻ΢΢ЦЦ֮˵ͷ


526 ´
㰲źüе飬ֺͼž˼֮󣬾Ϊ뿪tУȻص˵ۡ
ص֮еĻ޽һԼ뿪֮飬ʯָ뿪˵λ棬»ص硣

ո߽۵ʱ򣬾ͷʦöѾڴԺзƢأͽܱѵһ
ѾںѾӵľһЩոһ߽۵ţѾ˸Ӧͷһԭʦֻˡ
Ѿ̾ͷ˼ͽܣıǰץӲͣҡڡ
ʦ֣һȥʱ̫ˣҶΪҲء
Ѿ˵˵Ӿʹۿ˳
Ѿû˵仰أͿʼ飬ֻǸϽİοһػɽȷʵʱʱ䳤ˣҲΪɽϵɳɽоΪһʱ䣬ⲻҸոһų̾ͻˡ
˵ϹѾ۾գˡ
ѾѾͷû뵽ƭΪһɽϳ˲ٿࡣ
Ͻᣬ֮󣬿ʼ޵ĸ׼ʳ
ڶѾѾȥ׼˵ʱʮͽŸŲԣ
㿴ûϢӣЩ
ͷɥĸʲô
ʻЩ˻࿴˿Ȼһĳݣǻʹɫƾٳ˴ʦǰػ
ʦ㲻ʱѾҳһš
һüŶ೤ѽҵʲôز
̾˿
ʦҲ֪ôģƽľƾȻ˴仯ߵķѾʮ߰˸Щ˵Ĺӵأ͢ѾӦˡ
֮ǴһΪڳ͢ڣķӦûǱһʱ䡣
û뵽Ŷ೤Ĺѽ¾Ѿҵֵز
תͷһ룬Щ󣬿´󲿷ֶһ֧֡
ڳ͢еĴֻʣǸ̫һˡ
һ޷뿪ǣԸɳӣ͢еĹ˾Աڳ͢Ѿƣڱˡ
ظûз
ٴ̾˿
ôûУڵĿѾαռˣҲ֪ΪʲôǾȻû˽ǵء
֮ˣλѾУ֪лԼ
ڷչʱ򣬻Լ棬˵ˣֻһСأЩѾռ˵Ѿʲôˡ
ǳ͢ʲôϢ
үүѾεּʦسִ֡͢
۾Լĵ·
һشܳǵͷ¾ԼɽҲ
ֻܹһʱ䣬ҪôܳĽ֮ǿȥֻһǾԼʵͻͽܹѹ£ʹЩŸɵĸ˲
ЩɣÿһжеɵĸѹԼľЩ˸һЩɸֵΧԼҲֻ顣
ͽǶյʱߴ
ӣѾ׼ˣѾСȥԷ
֮Ͼ¶ЦݶԼͽ˵ȲЩˣԱҪ
˵֮վȥ
ЩͽҲںһԺеʯǰ
ʯѾСˣѾվԱߵ㡣
һ߹̱ıشܵԡ
ʦ֣׼˼ԵСˣ㳢һҵûн
ѾͷȻʯǰӼһڣб۾˽Ȼ۾͵˵ʱ䲻Ѿմн
ѾЦݵԷ
ȵǳԵĲʱ򣬲ŷͽܻԱ߸ɿء
Щ˼Ļӻ֣ð˸ͽȥԼԡ
˸ͽѾǰˣӵʾ⣬̾һ˳
㿴ǰ˸˵ıӰЩε˵̫ˣһҲء
緹еʦ֮ڴ֮пʼ̳ԼʦöѾͰ˸ͽܽһЩ
Ҫ˵һЩСķѡ³ྭеһЩŹҲһЩ
⻹һθ˸ͽܴܷ澭˸˿˵ǽζ
ȵ˵֮˸̾ȲĸԻطȥ˵ķȥˡ
ѾҲѾ߸׼
ֻ֮㣬һ֮ϡ
ȻɫƽʵѾˮһ
Լ뿪ʱҲôѾҳһ࣬ԼݵĿɲһѽ
˰Ҳ벻⡣
һضͥŸ̫ˣҪ֪ЩҪڶʱ֮ڻôǿڱǿĲ֧š
ǰĹɣЩӦССֻ۲ƸȻ׳ʵ
һأһôĲܹټʮ
ЩټǮģ
ҸҪټǿʼҪάЩôǮƾͻˮһȥ
һظŸɣѪĻѣ»ûȽܳƷˣǻܵЩǮѾˡ
ǰѴܳƷˣҲµòʧ
Ͼֻһɣھʧ²һָܹģôԺܳһʱ䣬Ƕ޷ͥˡ
˼ʱͻȻ֮ڤڤһ˿ӦϽıĿ֮С
֮Уԭһ˿ϵ
ںϵ֮͸оͷˣΪһظоǰоԵĲͬ
ΪһоڵλӵһģһһЩСķ˱仯ΪӦⷽ硣
Ӧı仯ʱͻȻ֮һǿĹֱ֮ӽо˿ȥ
֮Ÿоµĳ֡
һЩɬǱʲôǣ޷һ
ֻҲú£ǽȴоĻް֮ԼϣЩް֮ڲͣˡ
һˣûĹ˾ͻᱻȫѹ֮󣬼Ĺͻᵹù
ȴоȻԼڲͣıǺһصڲͣ뵽Լ֮УЩһԼ֮ڣ̵Ϊһ塣
һ˲ûбǿ
һ£Ĳ²֮Уڻⷽ磬龰ӦǵλѾȡһĵλ˲ܹɳ²֣Ͷ䵽Լ֮ڣԿѹơ
ֲԼһػӦôԼֻ΢ӦͽĻ
ӦΪԼҵףҪѹԼ
ǵλڰԼһظһͻ˥


527 оϮ
֮ѹ̾һ
ͨεŷԼڵľôգǰһӦþ磬Ѿ˱Ե
ɾɵĻһ١
Լ˵ǹֵԼģԼǿжɽٵĻҲˣһӴȰԼˡ
ԼżĳɾɣҪٵһʱ䣬Ҫȵλ쵽൱ĵزǸʱ¾ûԸԼˡ
뵽֮̾˿
ڶոմӴѾķ´ͻȻ۵Ĵűõ졣
߿һۣȻѾ˵ȥô£ô𣿡
õүھȥ
˵Ѿת뿪ķ䣬С˵۵ſڣţĽ۵ĴŴһ졣
СԴһֻȨż۽תȦء
ȨŴһ죬æǰȥһס۵ţһ˵ţţȨ
ѾæȫĴ򿪣ȻȨһ򸣡
̫үôôˣ
ȨûлشĻʵʦ𣿡
΢΢һЦȻ˵ոջصУ͵õϢˡ
ȨĵЦûŭǣĹ˹˵СɹøϿȥͨһ˵ȨдҪ
鿴Ȩ⽹ӣ֪鲻СҲٵˣȨڵſڵһ£ԼȴСܻܵķ䡣
үȨҿͦżģҪү֪
εĵ˵ͷ齫Ȩ뵽鷿֮˵
Լ΢һԼ·ȻƵķ߽鷿
鷿֮УȨⲽһȵ߽һҲżӣϾʹ˹ȥץ˵ҵĴʦڶüëˣôһҲż
԰꣬˵
˵֮ͽȨһλ֮ϣԼλС
ǸոãѾʹһ̽ˣ֮ȸȨһ򸣣ֽ֮ˮȫǰ֮վԲȥˡ
ݺݵĵ˶ѾһۣǶѾ¿ˮ̣Ͳ
Ȩڿû򿴣üȥˮϣ˵ʦʱ䲻ڳУ֪ܲѾҳһ࣬Ȼ͢ĴĴһЩ̳ǻһЩѾˣرǿ⸮α¾ʮҪٲĻϾͻΪ֮⡣
һڲ裬Ȼ󽫲豭ϣʵΪǸô죿
ȻǵΧα
۾һ£Ȼ˵ղҲ˵ˣ͢ѾЩƣڱˣ£ﻹоԸ˵λα
Ȩʵƿԡ
鷿֮о˳Ĭ
һʱ䣬˵ˣʱİһ£ȵ͢ڳٶԸ٣ʱƶԳ֣ҾͲзı¡
Ȩ̾һҲֻˣŻȥ֮һҪϽĸ͢顣
ʱĴͽҴҵĴ߽鷿ֻǿȨһ۱ԣ˵а˰ӼҪȨ
һ㶣ͬʱвõ뷨Ҫд·ˡ
ϿҪ˴¡
ͷϽ˳ȥ
ŶһԵȨ˵мӼ͹ˣѾȥ˴
ȨһǴʧɫֻһСС800ӼҲͲǰѽ
ʲô˵Ĵ£ϵصˡ
Ȩ˼ʱһڵʿ߽鷿
λʿһ鷿ɨһۣһԵȨϽǰȥڵأͬʱóһͲ˫͵Ȩǰ
ˣ˰Ｑ
ȨӹͲ˿ķǩõģĴ򿪴һžֽ
Ȩֻǿһ۾ŵǻðҲ˲ˣվǰеľֽ͵ϡ
ʦ
ͷϸһҲǿʼαѾ3ؿ
жپ䣿һԵȨʵ
仰ȨЩΣȻ˵ֻһСأôֻһǧټϴطӹܹԼǧˡ
֮һͷۣ˼ԼǧУộ
վ鷿֮ߣͻȻȨ˵㴫ȥиļҶȫУɳ͢ͳһǲͬЩǮ˸Ҿ
Ȩһ£Ȼ˵ǽҶǿһԣǾҿ»Щͳ͢¡
ǺǣΪھûС˼𣿡
һϱȨΪлǧʷϣЩǸûһʵġ
ÿһζǰĺͷᣬעĻЩҲܴǧʱ䡣
㲻˵ˣҵϿȥ죬ͬʱҪע⣬ЩҪ׼ͨһĴҪʱնࡣ
ȫĻҵĹǣ㹰˹֣žʹǸʿҴҵ뿪˵ۡ
Ȩ뿪֮̾ؽ˴ţӽ쿪ʼ۾Ͳˡ
ҲǶģԴӳ֮͢ϰǶֻǹԼƣˡ

˵Ĺٵ֮ϣƺƵǰнš
һƥһԱ۵Ĵ󽫡
ԱǱͷۣһɱͣɢš
λ󽫵ԣһλĵʿ
λǳòƳ룬Ǻ棬һǵõĸˡ
лء
㲻һֱҲҪһΪʲôҪ
Ǹϵ΢΢һЦԼĺӣȻ˵ү֪ǰǲأǼɵеĴܹʦ
ѵ˶Ըܹʦİ취𣿡
ǵʿ΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻ˵ҵʦѾɽǾУȵصʱǸܹʦҳԤҵʦȻס
Ŷʦˣô֪죬Ҽ
үҵʦһƧͣү԰꣬ȵݣǸʦʱүټ١
λֻ֮εĵ˵ͷһҲΪ˼Ҳеջ
һҲǣ֮н춼ǿλں֧ţҪû˼ҵ֧֣ԼʮԵĶûУ֮ھ͵û䡣


528 Χ
λ3ǰһգǵء֮Χͨߵͨȫ
Ŵڽصĳǽ£Ϲơ
һüԭس˿飬ҪڳϷصĲڰ˾ǧˡ
Щ˶Ǿ񲿶ӵĻԼ3˻һܹأʹҲʧء
µĹؼʱ̣Լ3أôԼԺ£ǴĲ
ڼѾܲˣڿܱߣΨһԼƿ֮еĳǳأҪôȥֲһͻԼһ
뵽֮ԵһԱ˵Ӫկ֮̽ڣСĳǰϮӪ
Ա󽫸ϽĹ֣֮ȥȥˡ
ϹƵʱڳǳ֮ϣȨ㣬ҲۿŵоӪ
վڳͷְųǶۿֻ˺˻ͣڳ±ۡЩǾ񣬺Χ˰Ǽĳ͢Ҳֺ
ٿԼسǵЩʿǣһ¼׶ȫЩ˶ѾʼСȶӴˡ
ô
ȨҲ˵˫ʵ࣬ҲǳĶ˵ʦǺã
򶨵΢΢һЦˮڣкξ塣
˵ֹ֮ĴЦ𿴳мݽ档
仰÷ģܿľڳǽ֮ϴˡ
ǽϵʿ֪ǴܳĹʦǿͨ
ڼλʦ̸ЦͲѳµЩ˷˶󶨣һ߾űţʦ䣬ʦ꣡
ϵĺҲ˳µˣѾҪȥˣͻȻǽ֮ϣʿһĻС
æתͷٴϹţֻϵʿ䣬ʿһű໵ҽС
λαҲǴһ̵ģ˶ʿʿǳĿأڼͷ֮ʿЩ鷳ˣҪȥԼҪһѪսˡ
ھԼսҲˣҪԼôͷβ˻ȥôһ󽵣ʱڶȡµĵ·ϻһЩ鷳

2һ磬ðս̾޹ľ۽
ͨϣ޴֮ڣѾǾۼ˼ʮԱ󽫡
λαʹһʿо֮ڣʿһԣԼмá
ڽ⸽ѾҾƣֻȻڵо֣֮˵ֱں
˵仰֮±߿˿±ߵڽһصǣʿ㲻
ĵͷ˵ҵѾס֮ڱضҪƳǡ֮ȹϳͷˣ֮󣬹ͻƽ
λĻոյһ˵꣬±ߵЩǾͿʼͷӶ
Ҫ֪ƽЩոµ˵ҲһʴĲƸ
ʱ±һĩԸΪȷ档
֮ʮֵĸˣ¹ƣֻڽĩβ߳һԱС
ԱСۣͥظԲ
α֮϶Цݣԭ˲ˣԼŮ
Ů֮վڽΪ˵˽ˣһֱѹŮǨ
Ѿ˳ŵֻҪ´󹦣һӹٽ
ΪλĻҪͷڽҲ֪
ãȻԽһ3000Ϊȷ棬ȹš
ĩ
žͽת˴ʣ֮ߵ3000Űǹǰߴ·ܿľͳ˴Ӫ˶¡
пͣû̵Ĺǣ´ʼеƵǰߣ֮Ŵǹ߶˳£ϱߺϱߵţʶĸϽ򿪳ţСүк֮£ȻСүɱȥһǼȮ
˵仰֮߶趯еǹڳʱرۡ
ϵ˱ԱС壬Щ֪룬ڳһسǹٻ飬Ͻȥس֮иȨš
ߵ·ϵʱŵʿǰŵȨ
˵󻹸߰˸ˣΪ׵ʦöѾ󣬻İ˸ͽܣһǶڼףıУسǡ
ǰĻǲǵǰģڳǳѾŵΧס֮ѣǸԼԡ
һӵ˵һԱСֵҪ󣬼æӿĲ˶ţϳ¹ƣֻ±ߵĹȻһС־ֻ
㿴֮󲻽ĵ˵ͷСǾ͵һΪǰ
ԣĶͽؽ΢Ц̾Щˡ
ǰһȭ˵ʦС̫񣬴ͽȥһᣬ֪ҵҲǺǵġ
֮ü´һؽ䡣
Ҫ˵ؽҲԴӸԼ֮һֱʵʵԵñȽϳĬôڷĻˡ
аСЩ򣬲Ҫʱ
ؽŵ˵ʦҿģб
ãȻˣұ㲻ֹˣ300ǰȥһԱС
ؽ֮ϴϲתȥ˳£3000˴򿪵ĳţ߶µĻƱȾͳ˳ǳء
ڳҫŴ򿪣һԱС˳ţ̾һ֮أԷÿλá
ؽǰѹסţԼŻƱ˵оǰغȵСһᡣ
֮ҲǴ߶ǰС˼ؽǰʮɵľͣ㡣
Ǻ˱Сүҵǹ²֮
ؽеĸֵָŶ˵ˡ
СүǴܳʦµĶͽؽǣСǺˣ
ûж˵ʲôһߴǰһ˵С̫үıǡ
仰ո˵꣬еǹѾ˳ȥֻһǹѾҪؽš
Ҫ˵ؽ㣬ʱѾˣһֱǱȻʽϲ˺ܶ࣬Ҫ˵ȴҲΡ
ǹĿ죬ҲҳɣӶеĸֵͿȥ
ֻáॡһһ
ؽ͸оͷˣΪֻ飬ѾЩò˴ʱ֪èĹ򣬺˼ɳϵ罫ǲöԶ
Ҳɲؽ˼ˣΪԱСǹͷǹβֱؽظ
ؽ⹦ֻǿһţŶһ
ŵʱԱСٴλӶǹˣֱؽĺ
˴ʱؽҲ㲻ˡ


529 
ϻ˵ǰСֱؽ
ؽȻ˵ʽ࣬ǾҲǶĿ粻ƣ֪á
ѾͶ㲻ȥˣֻǿİеĸֵһ¡
Ҳҿôһ£ǸֵԵĿס˶Էǹ
ʹǹȻǳؽıؽֻɤ۶𣬾һѪĿ˳
ǰ˫Ŀɿڴȫû뵽ʦĶͽܾȻܣֻһغϾͱǰСش
ǰ˼ʮ׾Ͳתͷƣֻؽ䣬ѾûйͷսˣŻԼǰȥ
ؽҪܣֻܹ߶µıǰŵһֻܿľؽı
ڳϵΪؽڽӵʱͻȻ֮ؽعͷһ췫׷ҡҡ
ʱѾǹ׼ǰ̵ʱͻȻֻ֮оԼһͷĿѣѾȱ
һ˵Ļ֮һţŵзˡ
ɱϵ罫ڸоԼͷԲʱ򣬾˳ƵſڰϣڰĲһġ
ƥҲԣԱһԾԾ˼ɵľ룬תͷֱԼӪȥ
ʱؽ䣬Ȼȡ˶ԷϾˣֻһʹ˲ò˻εؿŶԷԶ롣
Ҫ˵һ˵ؽкˡ
ⶫֽᦡ
ʲôĶǶѾǰһʱϰƱƵЩ͸ļͽܡ
Ҫ˵ЩҲֻǳ֮ΪԸͨ˻ǿԵģһЩеûʲôˡ
˵˻ԼУϾͼֲסˤǰ
ЩʿһˤˣҲҵһЩУξָǰȥпƣ˻ԼĴӪ
ؽԹ˲ϾҲֻǴ˻˳ǳء
˫ĵһսܾˡ
˵ؽܵһЩϾǵֻܹʱĻԣܹܿ»ָս
ؽص˳ڵʱ򣬷ĴʦѾżʦˡ
ûпʼ˵һסؽ壬Ȼʦ˵Ͽ콫Ƕʦַ͵ߣ
ļʦܸæǰְ˽ŵؽؽϷȻ󽻸ǸϽؽͻصȥ
ؽȻ˵ǲߣǿʦı飬ֻ˵֮ϣż˰̧˵ۡ
ؽ뿪ˣת˳¥㣬Թ˵ʦԹس֮һһڣ粻ȴеôسǲ뱻ͽȥԷһġ
һ£ȷʵǸղؽ±ߺǸСսǿ
ȻؽһЩʱ仹̣ǰȡþԵơ
ȻǴʦֶǸΪʲǿҲá
㲻òһա
ֻӻһͣͳһʨӡ
֮ʨӵݸ֮󣬰еԣĶ˵˼仰
֮Ͽϲ֮󣬵ͷת뿪˳ǽ֮ڳĺż˳⡣
еĸǹ˶ԷĴӪǰָŶԷӪźķţһСүһս

˵ղµʿ˴Ӫֱ̧оʡ
ʱоս֮УûΪߵġ
Ҳ˲֪ı£Ϊ˵һ
׵ø˴ڣټǧ֮һǹֻҪ趯ˮò
ΪԺһسȥһն𵱳ʱܸһְ
ȴϣǱʿ̧оʵġ
ΪԼŮ˶أһ̧̾;վ
ԱߵǸʿ첻Сֻ۾һɨ֪ûܵ˺ֻЩȡ
վ˵صģСֻܵ𵴣ֻҪƶʩС¡
Ŷǵ춯֡
ǸʿҲѣǰߵԺǰӻȡһŷ䣬͵нɽɾȥ
֮Ҫһˮһںȵ˶۾һͻȻ֮һˮϡ
ˮ絽ϣ΢΢һ۾
ҿ˿˵ܵظ𣿡
Ǹʿ΢΢һЦļ˵С㻹䡣
ϤŷԼĳ󣬼æĴӵ֮վʿľϹ
ǵʿ΢΢һЦְο䣬»صԼλ֮ϣֲԲˡ
˴ʱϱߵʵѵʲô֡Ȼܽˡ
֮ЩΣҲֻʵĽǰһ顣
֮üͷ壬±ߵ˵Źʦͨû뵽ͽҲҵȽǺã
Ȼô˵ʵ۾һֱԱߵǵʿ˼˵ڸǳ˰ɡ
ǵʿҡҡͷ۾˵㻹ûԳ֣ҵʦǲ¶ġ
һ£˵ԷͽֻʹһЩСϷǲ˴֮á
˵仰֮ӻȡһҵݵǰ
֮зŰֻҪԷǷȻ޷ҡꡣ
˫ֽӹǽң֮۷ų׹⣬±ߵ˵ղ˶ԷĵھٴǰȥսɸҲȥ
ղŰܵʵЩң˵ֵԷİ취Ȼս
ģһ粻ʤܾ
ĵ˵ͷ֮󣬽еĽǰһݣԺϽǰ˫ֽӹŵԼĻС
ʱһС˽ڴǰϱ߹˵енֵҪ󡣡
վԱߵһ⻰۾ˣٴι˵ȻԷҾǰȥһ̡
İ𣬸˵˵ãȻˣǰȥ󣬲ҪСĽɹڵſ񡣡
ҲԼŮǳ˽⣬ȻǿȴĸľӪ֮ûٵˣǺһٴη԰ëǰܵ˿ĿʱûȥŮ
ҷſģڴ֮аҿȡԷ׼
˵仰֮󣬾ת뿪˴ʣµİǹٴγ˴Ӫ


530 
ȴ˵ŰǰֻһԱСǰ
ֵµʿѹסǣԼǰǰ
ǰأŶԷӪկ󿪣ԱСһǰ
ˣЩ飬Ϊղ֪ԱС¡
Ҫ˵ϹؽҲֻ࣬ϴбؽҪǿĶЩ
ϾҲǵϵӣȻ˵ó裬Ҳǻʼҵˣֵ»Щġ
ͱ˵ڴףȻ˵ǳ㣬令Чȴı׻Ҫǿ
ֱ˵е󵶣ȻƮƮģûʲôֻǸӻʵǰأࡣ
ЩϣµĴ󽫣Ҳûʲôá
Լлʦ͵ķʵڲлдﻤŷ赶ֱС
һسҲǱģһԼѾȡʤԷķˣŰܻȥ
ղڴ֮ʱ򣬿ԼֵµཫЩء
ĸôܵˣһس⣬ҪóԼı£˵ɱˣɱ
˼˹Ҳˣ߶°趯ǹӭȥ
һ˾ײһ
趯еıӭͷ
Ҳʾǹӭ
оڰһûзǳֻԼһᣬϵǹȻԷı롣
ǱȻûͣЪֱͷ­
ΣȻµɱֻһǰѱһʹԴ˹ȥ
һǾһ亹ҿ򲻲Ӧ죬Ŷһ
ͬʱҲЩղŶԸԱʱ򣬶ԷзŰһظãԷıеǹֻһ±롣
ҲҿѧղûüڶУĻѾ촦
εٴΰܻȥһҲûʲô˵ˣһػܽǱˣһѵȥ˵ǶԷǿ
ĸû
ֻǴͷɥػصоʣá
龰ЩΪѣҪ֪ŮĳԼҪĶоȥ֮ŮǲŹԼġ
ԱߵǸʿҲΪѣǰһ顣
ղС䲻𣿶ԷϳԽбԽòܻأԻᷢ䡣
еҲɵӣ飬Ҳ۾ڵظ顣
Ҳˮ۵ʱԭΰʹԼƵ䣬ҲǷٺ£͡
վ䵱УΪһԼǰԹ뵽ôˡ
ڴԼŮ֮±ߵڽȥȻ˵оǰսһλǰȥҳơ
ոյ˵꣬±߾߳һԱ׳
ףɰʨӿڣӣɰһ˫̶ۣһ޺ӣϴһѪȾۡ
˲ˣǰĵһ
λǺͷģֻΪƾŮټֵҲԸͲ
ΪµĴ󽫣ԲҹڵĵƽʱֻǰѹС
ųȥն죬Ҳ֪֪˭µĵһ󽫡
ĵͷ˵ȥСģԷɵġ
ģȥȥ
˵֮ͳ˴ʣ֮3000С˴Ӫ
Ӫ֮⣬ֻһԱС趯ƮƮһѴҫ
΢΢һЦȻǰǰ֮žŻ󵶶һָ
С˭²֮
סƥֳֵһ˹ʦͽͨš
´Ҳ
˵֮趯еľŻֱ
ԼеıҲʾǰۿžҪײһ
ոǿֻӭ̧ȥת廨Ҳ廨رﴩ˫뺣ﴩ䡣
ѵΧ·ɣֱӾͰС
еı󲻸ӲӵĻѾʮ߰˶ˡ
սʮغҲ֪Լƣôȥٹ߰ԼҪ
ڵһߡ
ߣҲ׷ΪǽĽѵ¶ԷͻȻָԼһӡ
˼ٲٻͷֶԷȻû׷зǳơ
ҲеᦣⷨѾǰ˸ӵıˡ
ֻҪǶԷ׷Լҡ귫ŶԷʱԼһȡ
ڿԼ뷨ЩˣԷĴҲɵӣôҪԼȦס
ԼҲûкֻ֣ӻȡһֻƽ͵ʨӡ
дʣȻʨ򵱿һס
ʨ̾ɢһ⣬ȵڵϵʱѾһ˶ߵġ
ʨҡҡβ֮ž׼ķ˹ȥ
ϣмؿԶлأϷӵùүүҵ۾
ֻգۼĹǽһžһһ˶ߵʨӣ͵Լһ
ֻʨӿ磬ֻǼѾǰ
ڲЩعҪ벦ѾˣֻǾĴֱʨȥϣƾŶԷĻᣬԼܹӻȥ
ԸΥǻƽ͵ʨ㶼ûж㣬ѵϣֻõһֻûʹžҲòסŻ
ûеӦʨѾ˵ǰֻǰצ͵ؾǰץȥ
˴ʱҲֻƴ̧˫֣Ҫֵʨӡ
ǵôܺͽʨȣֻһ£˫־ѾʨſѪǰһҧȻԴѾˡ
ͷ­֮ʨӽɽɾ̵˶ҡԴ׹⿴ǧʿ䡣
ЩǰСϾһš
ҲΪµʱ̣ܶû̫ʱܹѵһ֧ľʿнֹ
ʨɿȺʿȥ
ЩСҲôֵˣֻŸϿܣһ޲ȣԼĴկȥ
ܵٿҲܲʨӣûмĹǽʨѾ׷
ٽһѪȵɱ
ѾӵǰЩʿǣͲŰһԼͬţֻңЩͬŰס֡


531 Ұձ
ǽʨɱµʿʱֻĴկ֮һ⣬žһƽ͵ֱͭʨӡ
ǽʨӸûע⵽ԷıϮñԴ
ʨֻԵͣһ£˰Դȫһµļʼ׷ɱЩС
һ£ǸɫͭȴһƮֱߡ
һһʵˣǸʨȻֻͣһ¡
ǽʨǶԷͭͿҲŶԷңԼԼ顪ֵ׷ɱЩС
ͭʮ֮󣬷κβýʨӣ󻯳һ⣬µо֮С
ԭͭͨĶоǸʿķ
ղбŵСоսսǰ
ڵ֪ͷŴѾǶԷСʹ˷ͣ׷ɱԼµʿʱѾЩˡ
⻹ûмʦ㣬ԼͷŵĴ󽫾ѾǰˣҪôȥԼɥʱҲԶˡ
Աߵλʿ˺֮ģòȥôɥʧȡ֮ĵĻԺͷˡ
ǰһֶ˵صĿҵıֹǽʨӡ
˵֮ҲػʹӻȡһֻͭǮСͭ
˼Ͱͭ˳ȥͭ˴ֱǰ˸ղһĻ
Ǹʿͭ˽ʨʮ֮ǽʨûκε˺ѵʿ궯Ųòջصͭ
ʿҲЩˣҪ֪ͭƶķ
ҲκβǽʨӣôҲûٴȥˡ
ĿʿʩչΪܻǽɫʨӣͭˣǰȻͣشĲҽУ֪⵹Ҳκβǽɫʨӡ
̾һҵ˵ҺǿںסǸʨӣѭغʮӪ
µڽķԸһղǻ
ڿɺˣһȥ˰ɡ
Ҫ֪⼸ʼ󳷣ǲһС£տʼʱǻǼ
ʱƣĴͿʼһЩٵľҲղסˡ
̤
ȵ˳30ٴΰӪʱ򣬲ŷ־ôһӾѾʧȥ˽4000ˡ
Ҳ֪ЩڸղŵĻƴбԼͬɱˣˡ
Ҳ˲ЩˣץǸʿƴҪϿİʦгĻûˡ
ǸʿҲֻεͬˣȻ˵ûм㣬Լλʦʱ򣬿ǶԷֻһ޴룬ҪǾôȥ޷κεء
ǸʿӻȡһֽС֮󣬴һֽգۼĹͱ߸£Żһ̱ʧˡ
ȵС׷֮ʿŻعͷο
Ѿʦ屨Ŷˣҵʦضǰصġ
һԼ·Ȼε˵ϣʦϿĻϵоضǰϮӪʱûжԿֶο¾Ҫˡ
ҲʥʱΣûЩʿĻôһǱһռݾԵơ
ʱֻҪǶԷӪһλˣԼһ߾ٶҲκβöԷпֻܱԼʮ֮һľӻܡ
˵һߵֻʩչһ½ʨӣͰѶԷ3000ҫǰһֵҪʱ򣬾ͼԷӮһƬңžͿʼӪկЩ֪롣
û뵽ֻǽʨɱһˣöԷų
Ҳûа취ټ׷ˣΪķѾĵĲˣֻʨѾάֲסΣʼıС
ֻǿϧһջ˽ʨӣĿŶԷʮ
Ҫ˵׷Ǽٵģͷ˿Լ棬Ͼʹͷ
Щǰȥ׷ֱ뻢ڡ
ǰҫһʹ»سȥˡ
ڳͷ֮ϵ㿴ûΪһεʤκεĸˡ
üͷ壬ǰ֪ʲô
վԵȨҲǰ׸ģȻ˸ղԼһȡʤʤȴ̫ˣȫƾı
һεзٴΧǵʱһľȱʱ²һս
ʱڵ˲¥˸߲ҵǰ
ʦҲͽǰն졣
ҡҡͷջԼĽʨӣȻԵȨ˵ֻʱĺˣɵġ
ʦģڳ¥ţȻöԷ͵Ϯ
΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻ̾Ϣ˵ǵ˻٣ȥسҪԷơ㻹ǸϽ͢ȱĺá
ȨҲЩΪѣ˳¥˵ĵط˵ʦѾɳ˺üǰȥԮڶûϢ
⻰ţҪˣǶԷѾеҪȫķظѾûԼһĳǳأϢȥ
û뵽Լִֻ˼£ٻʱ򣬳Ѿֵܻز
վ룬ȻȨ˵ڳĳȥûʲôָˣҿ㲻ɼϤεɽСأϣܰϢ͵ȥ
Ȩ֮۾Ҳһ£⵹һ취һԡ
лʦָ㣬ȥ졣
Ȩ˵֮󣬾ʩһҴҵ뿪ˡ
˵ĴԼͽ»ص˵ڡ
Ѿİ˸ͽܼɫԣҲԭ˵Цˡ
һȺ˳ĬڳԹ֮ŰټԼԡ
ھͻȥ׼ңʱ׼ҳˡ
İ˸ͽܲû˵ʲôĬĻȥ׼ʰ
ֻжѾȻվԣʵʦ֣ǽ첻ȡôʤ𣿶Է²ô׾͹سǳءҵȺαغˡ
ҡҡͷ˵һδʤֻͶȡɣ²Ϊ˫ʵ֮֡ԷӪ֮бضиˣһǰΧǵʱһ취ƽʨӡ
Ѿȴҡҡͷ˵ǽʨӱԷסˣһзʬƾʬͭͷԣж硣ԷҲʬϡ
֮ҲЩŭˣѾǽģ֪ߵغˣѵΪȫûһˣ
ס죬ƽôģʱʱǫ㣬ǿڵӣֱһ֪ߵغСӡ
Ѿѵ⣬̾ͱòˣ͵͵ĿۣȻͷ
̾һѾͷ˵֪㲻һ뿪ΪرϾϼңﻹˣѣ뿪֮ǾҪˡ
ѾĻ۾ҲˣȻ˵ʦ֪ңҵȾǾһս


532 
ڻûеһսʱ׼ҲһĴ㣬һֵϣҲǵİڲˡ
˵⻰ʱǹûʣһԵĶѾƭĵͷ
ˣҲȥ׼ɡ
Ѿһû˵ʲôͷ˳ķҲȥ׼ʰҡ
ڶѾ뿪Լķ֮ɫͿ
ڳǽϵʱ㱾зһսģΪԼһϾسǣҲмǧټǻмİգԷ治һκεԼ
ȵǽϵʱ򣬿Щسǵʿһ¼׶ȫеûУͨõĲ˵
ٿǵµЩоǣһǿűҲǳ룬һ±ȶԱسǵЩľѾʧˡ
㲻òһĴ㣬ԼԳ֣Ȼǲܽط˵ĻôԼҲŷ¾
ԼǲҲˡ
һҹ޻ڵ2촩룬ŶѾͼͽܣһ˳ͷ
ʱȨǳݵģſųǶء
ԭڽϵʱŴҿʿӦǴ
ߵȨԣļʵԷʲôʱģ
ȨûзѾߵԣڱһ£ŷӦϽһȻŻشʦҹԷѾڳӪˡ
˵ͷҲ⿴ȥֻԷĴӪ֮һͣƮС
üͷһ壬ɲǺǵɵĸˣ˸Ӧÿһ棬Բ
ֲöԷµĻԭӪѾһλɵĸˣרԸԼġ
¹Ƶʱ򣬶ĴӪһͭ죬կű㱻򿪣ӵǧı䡣
5000ǰпƣִ֮мɢһ·߳˼ʮԱ󽫡
Ȼһ۵ˣӵһϵǰ
Ǹ۵˲ˣѾռݿ⸮
ʱǴܣҪԸԼԵĵʿϿȥȱ
Ǹʿ˼ҴҵķϢԼʦе˴Ӫ֮С
ϣǴϯΪʦӷϴ
λϵͷСǻԪɵŵʦ
ҲǵɵĸˣһأҪĿľǶԸʦ㡣
û뵽ݻûأֻһͽܳսƾеķü30
ΪŲòǰǰ
˵ǰڿļƣȻǰȥֵҪָҪùʦս
صС±ߵĺĶߡ
һ£⵹һᣬҪԼȥһνзɱöԷ¶ͷĻҲܹ֮Χ
תͷȨ˵ȻԷƶ棬ƶ³ȥһǡڳرԷԷ͵Ϯ
˵֮ת˳¥ѾͰ˸ͽҲæڳǽ֮سű򿪣ȴǰ˴š
ܼ֣סš
ŴǰǰŶ溰Ǵܳʦ㣬˹ƶ
ǻ࿴˿۹ⶼ˺ϡ
Ǻϵʿ΢΢һЦȻԼ˵ȻԷҪǰԻôǰȥ˵䣬ƶԱ߱㣬Ҳ޷
ŵͷ֮ǰ
ܿ㼸ʮ״סͷ˵¾ŹʦĴҡ
ԷûʩҲʹһ׻صа
ٴι˵ʦϻӹ޵û¹٣ʹֽȺ۲𡣹ʦαرĩ·ŵù£ʦͶҵ£ұȻʩ֪ʦΣ
üȻͷȥ
ֻͷһƣ֮Уһ·衣
ûгʮֵС֮Уֻеһ
㿴֪ҲˣֻΪȷ档
ȻôͶ£øͷֺá
ལס죬㿴ʲôѵ֮ͽȥضԣҶˣϼߵ͡
˵仰֮㲦תͷͻصԼߡ
ҲصԼǰ֮󣬶ԼԵĺ˵£
ǲǰȥֵҪԷʵ
˵ͷ֮ԼĴ󽫿˿ҪѡһԱ󽫡
۹⣬Щ󽫶һͷҺӡ
ʵҲֲãʱµĵһԱ󲻾ǰԷɱ
Щ˱˵˺Զôǰ
ЩûϢĴ󽫣Щ࣬һָһˣ˵ȥֵҪ󡣡
Ա佫ָԼͷϣɫЩ࣬۶ˣ󲻸ҳɣֻǰǰ
߾ĵнһҴսٺϡ
һԱ󽫣Լ˿
µЩͽǣȻһ첻µز£ϵĹȷʵ࣬ǰʱҪƾϵķǿһز
۹ֱӾԽǣڶѾվһصĸˡ
Ѿ۹⣬ʲôתͷǸ˶˵˼仰Ǹ̾۾ð׹⣬һؾͷɳ˴󣬼Ǹ󽫵ǰ
Աһˣһ
Ҫ˵ͽܣ󽫻ͦµģϾͽÿһ϶мֵıԼһ已̥µֵס
ڳŮӿжɣЩԼҲҲ
Ȼ˿ģôϾҪ˵ƵĻ
ǸŮӣ㲻ڼӣǰθɣʶĻϽ˻ȥԱǰүүᣬĻϵ㣬еĸǹɲϵ㡣
ǶǸŮӸûиػֻǰһֱֻ֣ĸ
ԱҲЩŭôǰĹأҲҴֱӾ͵Ϯǲӡ
Ӷеĸǹǰһ㣬ԼĸǹŶԷ˫֣ûеԼǰͰŮͱ
ǶŮжɣۿǹ͵ԼǰȻ޾ɫֻһŤͶһǹһأ󽫵
Աû뵽Ůٶ죬ȵǹٴδŮӵʱѾˡ
Ů˫֣һֱֻĲӣһֻ־ץסԱ󽫵Ĵȡ
еĿˣԱֱӾͱŮȻŮһӸ첲ʹ϶½Ա˵ϡ
ԱͨŶûУ̾ͱҵԽѶ
ҲŮӵצ˲ӣ


533 ǰϮ
ں߿ŵһ£ԱߵϵʵŮʲô򣬾Ȼ
ǸϵüΪŮӵϸоһɷֱ֮
ɲһӦӵеģֻЩֲܹôǿ֮
Ůж磬ϵҲжϡ
˺˿дʣ֮֮˼ǣпȥ
ٿŮӰҲһԭķ֮УŮѾģֻࡣ
Щ֮⣬Ůͷһɺֱ
ʲôˣŮӹȻˣһʬɵ
ǿŮжɣûһ㽩ʬӲͨŮӡ
úҲЩüԼ߽ʬѾ˷ɽ
ɾͲöԸˡ
ˣҲָͨķǰȥԸǽʬˣֻתͷȥԼʦֶ˵ǰĲͨŮӣǷɽɵͨ˲Ƕ֣ȥһᡣ
⻰΢΢ĵ˵ͷ֮Ҳ˫ŵؼ䣬Ůӵǰ
һýˣŷŮӹȻһɵĸ֮ζ
ζѾ˼£гɵˣͷֲˡ
Ȼһûǻ۵ĽʬҲͲٷϻˣֻӱȡľʣڤǧʥ顣ޣƷħΡ֮ӭ
ϣеľͷųһ⣬ǰһԾеľʬȥ
ǽʬ㳤ʱĶҲǣôľԼϡ
ֻ⽩ʬԱһԾͶľֱ˵ͷ­
Ҳ£ջرԱڵ
һرǽʬֻ֣һǽʬסպһ̾ͷſ˱֮˼ɡ
һղһµ֣Ҳɣ׷ľʬǰӶֱҪ
⽩ʬȻղЩˣЩСҲ¶˼ԾһԶǵˡ
˻ŵˣǰǽʬȴûиᣬֻǽʬ磬ֻһ˵͵ľֱĺġ
ǵ˸æľڵһؽʬ˾ͲľӴֻһͶľٴֱʿ¡
ʿæٴλӶҪǽʬ⽩ʬٶ̫죬ΧʿͲͣķĹ
ʿѾЩмܲס
룬ȥԼҪûˣҲ̽ʲôֻ͵ĻӶʱı˵ĽʬȻԱԾ˼ɣоͿʼٴϷ棬׵۱ͷ־ĿűۼϼţаΡаħ׽Ǭš
꣬Ͼðһ档
ðɫĹâͣɢѾ׷ǰǽʬһӴ棬̾һȻմһЩ
Զһǽʬôӣôǻ֮ǻȻǿȼգһӡ
ǸʿǵˣٴλӶűֱǽʬ
ǽʬǹ˲÷ˣֻһ߶һƴǻ֮ϴϣƾԼڵɷܹ֮ѹȥ
վĶѾҲЩżæĴӻȡһ֮󣬿
ڤŹ뼱飬ĸ٣ƺӽʼ÷׷鲻飬ʦаʹһ϶ǡǣ̫Ͼ
ŶѾͽеļ׵˿Уͬʱϵĵʿһ
ڿеļ̴ŹâȻ󻯳ƵֱǵʿϾͽ˹ȥ
ʿڰעеǽʬϣû뵽˻ᰵʩ
ȵֱԼʱѾˡ
ֻȫľԼľҪͷµʱĵһҲԼʱ䡣
ľôֵܹסԼֻһʣľ̾ͻ˷ɻңƲϣֱӾ͵ͷ¡
ǸʿҽжûüͱʳΡ
ʿҲǳȻгΣһȴӲʬ֮з˳
лݺݵĵһۣԼһ߷ȥ
Ѿʬǰȥ׷ģȴ㰴סˡ
μɽۻʱ򣬸ŸɿǶ˹أܸϾɱ
ڶѾͻȻĶ֣ǵʿѾЩԽ˹أٽ£ͻµĹС
˵ǵʿֻһԼУ˫ʦ˹
Ѿͨ죬ԼʦֶѾЩȥһʱ̾ͻɢ
ӻȡһŷ䣬ִԼȥˮ«еˮȫ
֮һָǻǱ㲻䵽ˮ«֮УϽں«ڡ
ǵʿ˷ԱߵŸҿ˵
ڰ˳䣬û뵽ԷȻıɣȻɱ֣Ҳչ˲ܣԭ¡
ֻ۾ɨһۣ㲻ᣬǰĿͶǰ
ʱǰǸʬѾ˻ԼӪ֮УǶѾһˮ«ǽʬˮء
ѾĶֻͽͣ˶ˮǽʬϵĻȻյԽԽ
Ѿÿ޳ˡ
ҡҡͷӻȡ˷ͷ֮÷ͷڽʬһ㡣
ǽʬϵĻͷ֮󣬱鳲һӿ뵽˷ͷ֮Уʧ
ڶ濴ԷѾԼʦֶŵŭǳ
Ҳñ̽ˣ߿ǰ֮ýָָŶǵ㣬һ
һϵʿϵʿĶһڲͣ
֣ͷԡ
ҲЩԾˣΪֻǷڵɵϣΪѾܹͨάάǵ֣άάԲ
ԼԳˣҪǲܰʿ˵ĻССǵסԷĴġ
Ҳɣ߶µƥСܵǰǵʿɾ֮⡣
ǵʿˣŭμɽۻᣬƶҲڳģʱʦǴӦǰˣ˱˴˵ôȻҵʦֶɥʦʲô
΢΢ı˱ȭȻ˵ݣ˴˽սżһҲǲɱġ
˵ĵǺ˵ĲֶȻˣֵ¼°ɡ
˵⻰ʱ򣬺Ȼһơ


534 
˵֮͵һԾȻ뿪ƥƮ˰֮С
ֻӻȡһű飬ⱦһ뿪Ļ̾ͷųĹȡ
ⱦһͶⱦ̾ͿʼͣžͱСһŻ׹ȥ
ҲһţҲƮ˰֮УֻһͶһ
ⱦȻ׹ȥžһ춯صȻǰȻǱʮɵһӡ
Ѿҽ׵оһɹɵˣͣ
ڰпҲһͬʱⱦҲ˿֮ġ
Ҫ֪еķͷȻҲûôߵȶȣܹʯڻ
һû㣬ýָһǱ̾ʹӵµķȻĺϮȥ
ҲЩˣûû˰ɣѵΪûл֮
Ҳӻȡ˷ͷΣһףǷͷҲһŻ棬֮ڰлһԲǱϮȥ
⵱ڣҲٴһ죬뿪ײĵط
ոյķԶķͷΣһ
Ȼһڵڳеı䶼ı۾Ϊǹâʵ̫ˣϵ̫ˡ
ڹâ԰ȥһЩʱпȥֻǱ鶨˿÷ͷξȻҳȥʮɡ
ڰ֮ҲЩԼ۾Ҫ֪Լͷο˲õķԴнӵ֮󣬼ûκαܺ⡣
Զĺϵôһ¶һ˿΢Ц֮һýָһǱһαһǣȥ
һؿûʱıˣֻǲͣڰҴܣɢǱĹ
Ҳҿǵ֮Ѿ˼ĵزܹ˲ĿԽάľ磬Ҳܹ˲ȥʮɣܹڱĹ°Ȼ
ôҲʮֺķѷģΪڽвͣάͽά
⵹ǽƲһֱάռ֮УΪһĶܣǶԷǸϵһŹԼͽͽʱƾⱦܣôѾˣһӲ
һζǱϮ֮Ųܾôһֱȥҧ׼ӲӲĺűһ¡
ֻһʶ͹ͨԺеö䣬һҡֻ͵ؾǵ˼ʮɡ
ʱǱ黭һȦµ˹
һ㣬ֻؽҧ͵ľǱӳһȭ
һȭǴǿķԼصͨ
žԵһȭͷںǱһӴ
͸оһֱӴȭͷֱĸ
ڽĸ֮󣬾Ϳʼɻ棬Ҫȫճɻҽ
Ҳҿ㷨ػָ̫ǿոյһˣľʹӿ˹޸ࡣ
ʹҲûһ۵ġ
վԶĺЦݣһԼĽȻǶˣһɽʱԼʦ֡һεţֻ飬ڿⱦĿǡ
ڼȻˣôͱԼʹˮˡ
ֻһȻָٴһֻڰеı͵˻档
һصĻǰĸӵʢôľ룬ҲоͣĴϵ·Ҳܲôߵ¶ȿʼȼ
ܵǣһȼûа취Ϩ
æҵʱǰеķͷǻָֻһУŻ֮оͷɳһֻˡ
һطɳķϴŵĻ棬ѾԭȵĻɫɫ
ֻͷڰлһߣžǱȥ
ԶĺǷͷٴϮҲһ£ֻʱķŹ㣬Ǳȥ
ںΪһػϴһֻһܽǷͷλƵʱ򣬳ϵĽȴˡ
ղԱ黹ЩвķˣھȻ˫צֻһץͽǱץס
һһǱ֮̾ͻ濪ʼڡ
ɫĻ˳Ż˵˫צȫӶȥ
һڻ˵Ȼûκεôûôǻһ˷˵ϣͬϵĻΪһ壬Ļӵʢ
ԶʱҲ˷࣬˵ϣ
ںڤڤ֮ӢƵ޼ʣ뼤ڡ磬Ӻֺ顣
ոյϣ֮ͷһɺ
ɲʲôۻ֮һεˮ
ֻɺһ˲ϣǸղôҲĻ棬һ壬ȻԶϨˡ
ʱĺҲ֪á
ԼıѾԷǷ˸סˣټҲķա
ȵָ֮󣬽ɾԼ鷳ˣͳһǺݵģȫʩչͨ
ֻӱȡֽһ壬ֱüġ
ǰֽͨͨʱͿеľҵĦѾͨɫֽҲֳһ˿ɫķ䣬Щͺһڱ֮صĴ
ʱо̧ͷһͼһͨıѾԼš
Σʱ̣һǰҲʶֱǺϵֽ
ڵ㻹ЩˣȻ˵񽣵סֽֽ΢ۣ͸оһۡ
ҲٴԼϵĻˡΪǺϵӶǰѱһһΧ·ɡ
ûָӣֻǱķء
ҲҺѾЩͨ飬һķĻ޷
ʱǷͷλɵķҲԣֻһȻʹӻһŻ棬ֱǺϵ
ϵֻ̧һǻ˳ɵԱȥˡ
ԭϵһʹ𷨡
㱻ϵӶĴѾֵó׵ĻˣҲͽǰΣˣֻһ̤άռ䡣
άռ֮УزŪ򣬾ͼά֮УȼյĻ涼ʼϨеȻȫʧ
Ǻϵֻ΢΢һüҲǰһά
άռ֪֮ãΪǰѾﵽһɣͬʱıһȦڻ֡
ǵѾ˼£ɾֻһ֮ңԲܹڱֳ⡣
磬ϵҲֻڵ˵ûļ
ǰĻôԭǸѹµնɴȺҲ˶ˡ


535 ʤ֪
ڵȴݲú˼ˡ
άռ绢ֻͣԲŪʲô
ź͸оԵĹı仯Ǳ仯һɹɵĹ֮ڽٵϣʼԡ
ҲǲҵֻҧԼʳָʳָмһ˿ɫѪҺ
ŽɫѪҺͿĨԼֽϣȻֽڸһҿ
ֽ趯ѾٵϵĹ֮ڣʲôնһû˺֮ܿľͱڵķųȥ
ԶӻȡһŻŻִǼ
ĳ֣ƮһѪɫӰӰһάռ䣬̾ͺˮһһҡھʧǰ
ʱѾķֻǰһȻֱֽĲӡ
ֻ΢΢һЦĵһ£ڲŪһ
ǶĺȴоЩˣΪĶ͸оԼľ벻ûнӽԶˡ
ôһ֪ˣԼάռ֮У⾳Լߵ㣬Сûʲô
֮Ҳٺ̾һʼά
ţάռвĶ֣άռ䣬ƾͨͱҲܺ࿹⡣
һصɴˣ崦άά֮ʱͻȻ֮ԱߺһһӰ˵ϡ
ź͸оһʶԼԺȻʼռʶҪųȥ
ǴһղǸӰӦѾ˵ɾĹ֡
ֹҪ˵ʱҲ֮ܳΪˣЩɵĸʱҲҪСġ
û뵽㾹Ȼı£ȻһĹ֣Լһزٴˣٴʱ䳤˿¶סˡ
ˣԼܹ壬Ľ彵ά
ոһάǻˣͼ޾Ļ
ҲֻԱһԾͶ˻ˣȭͷŻ˵Դһ¡
Ҳ˶ڻ˵ĻǳļɵȴûиоǻһֱӾȭͷ˻˵ͷ­
һºõķǳǻһͱʮɣ˫צץŵֻҲ˵ϡ
һץڵϵı»صС
Ȼһĵ֮оһŻ棬˳žֱӾʶ֮С
ʱʱѾ챻ǺɫӰռˣؼʱͻȻһŻ֣žͿʼĵӡ
ǺɫӰȻǱһգ̾ͷ֨֨֨ĹХҲҾֻǴӺĶŶ·ɻصά
άӳԼɱУҲֻάĲŪ
ղǲĹһϡ
оԼ飬һβˡ
ַֽǳĻһʱ̻κβúֻҧҧ͵ƮգһɴܣͿҪ䵽˶Ѿԡ
άռе㣬ԷֱѾҲһ󲻵òҲάн䵽ά
Ȼڰ֮кһ
һȴھԵ·磬ΪҪֵ㲻ͣĸַԼĸı䡣
ҪǻȻŻֻҪһǻ̾ʹ˫צ칥ıۡ
ĻǺܹǿ֧š
ʱάռеǸӰȻͣĽά׼򣬾ٴʶ
˺ʱʱͱ£ҪǾǱһ¡
ЩǺõģĵľǱǸӰΪһǺӰ뵽ʶͱ𣬽Ӱȥȥӵʱ䣬ûйġ
ô̶̵ʱ䣬Ϳе񽣽ԼԴĹͻ˵ģҲǺӰԼ
ԶŸտʼʱǺϵܹռϷ磬ʱƣǺϵѾ˾Ե·磬ȥºܿͻܡ
ڻãʱǻǣţûй˼ˡ
һ֣µЩ̾ȿֺĴǰЩǱһǰ˽һĴֱѾǳȥ
ǰĶѾѾֽţϾֻһСҲֻ֣ڼȺԼɫѾˡ
ҿԱߵʮֵǣڿɲҴ⼸ȥ˼ľ񿹺⡣
æѾ˵ʦãڲңϽʩչʱĵһЩˣҴʣµı˻س
ѾĻҵĹһæԼԵǸʬǰȥ
ʬڽӵѾָʾ֮һԾͱǰȥ⽩ʬ΢һǣټ϶Ѿʾ⣬ҲЩСֱǰһ󽫡
Ѿڽʬȥ֮ҲӻȡһѼȻ򵱿ȥ
ǰѼڰ֮лȻµʿѹȥ
Ѽʵ̺һ˿ԼܣȻֻһԵģȷʵҲǾ춯ء
ֻѼڵ֮лȻЯĽϵ¾±ߵʿ˹ȥ
Ȼ󣬾ͼȺ֮Ѫ죬һӶԷʧ˼ˡ
ǸʬҲеһǰӭƥҲ㡣
ƥ׳ײ˷ʬǰأǷʬվڵ˿ƥȫײսײȥһɿ⡣
Ȼǽʬǰһ˱ˤڵϵĴǰ̧֮ŶԴȥ
ǴˤͷۻûзԱ߸š
һûʲô˵ˣֱӾͱߵԽѶ
Ľɵ÷ƥԼھ֮С
ǽʬҲò˶ɱ˴֮УرۣҪһĽЩץɱ
ǶԷʵ̫ˣǽʬÿǰһɱüˣ̤ǵʬǰٶȾԵķ
һĹЩ󽫾ȫȺ֮УںߵĶѾҲֲЩˡ
ûκΣѾֻǷ׷ɱǵʬǰرۣϣֹܹԷǰ
ѾҪ˻سǳصļͽܣѾѾЩ֧ŲסòӦѾֻÿ˶ӻȡһֻ귫Ȼǰͣҡ
ЩᦵҡһɹɭķӵƮ˳ʼǰ
ǱЩˣ̾;ԼͷۻҲվסĵڵϡ
ǰߵµӰǰٶǱסˣѾҲһϽ˳֮ڣȻżʦֶ֡
ǼѾѾȫҲæ˵ᦣ˻˳š


536 
˵ϴȻͺˡ
㲽ƣѾ˾Ե·硣
ڷصʱҲвأҪڷ񽣣ͶǺӰϮ
ǻˣʿû̫ĵģΪǻҪʵսľǻ淨ڻĵõġ
Сˡ
ոն㿪񽣵ʱǻͻȻĻһŻ棬ðɫĹâ͵ľײȥ
ֻбۿһۣһȻ÷һԴȥ
һغȴʧˣһصĻȫɻ˺ķȻҲһЩãǻֻǻһߣ䵽˺ĺײȥ
ǺʿڶѪӰϮһעͱײ˸š
һºʿֻھ٣Ĺͷײˡ
֮⣬оһĻ˿ֱ
Ǻ𷨵ˣֻһʱĽԼڵĻȫѹס
ҲôһĹȴһԵᡣ
ָֻŽڰз񽣣͵ľǰĺ˴ȥ
һº˿ЩмܲˣֻǿתһӣԼҪܿ
ôһգ۵ĹǱѾ̵ֱӾͰѺ˵ȫˡ
ǺһҽУȻ󲻹Լƣ͵ľתĴկȥ
㿴ԷܣöԷѡֻдʣɿߵ硣ʹ֪˼ͣɱɱɱ
Ŀھǰѷɽ͵ٶȿʼӴһЩͬʱϷųһ˿⡣
ֻǰѷɽһ˵ı׷ȥ
Ǻ˱ѾҪشկ֮УֻҪǶȺʱκβԼӪ˶Ͼɱ
ǻû˼ӣö粻ɢȵʱѾˣǰѷɽǴض
ǺҲǵ֮ôˣȻû̵ȥֻӻȥһƿߵһɫĵ裬һھȥ
ǺɫĵĺһľӨ͸̹⣬ʼ˿ڴ֣˿ھۿɼٶȿʼָ
Զղһûȡ˶Է
˽ʩֻڰеһεתͷֱ˵Ĳӡ
һҪǴʵˣǱɣΪָܹƣѵܰò³ȥΪ깫أ
ǺҲ֪ԼѾĹͷκεĳɣֻͻȻĴԼǰء
žһѪӸֱߡ
Ǻ˵۾ãͻȻĽǿѪ˳ȥ
Ѫһ뿪˵ĿУ̾ͻһŽɫĻ棬֮лһСˡ
Ǳ˵񽣣ͻȻת˸ȦǻеС˴ȥˡ
˳Ѿ䵽ĴӪ֮УֻǴ˼¾ʧˡ
˵е񽣣ǻеСһΣС̾ͻҷ
ѾӰһ֣½ӻصС
񽣷ԼıǰţüһöԷˡ
ҲãԷˣҲܵشѾ޷սˡɽʱҲֻ˵ȫԷû˵öԷʵ
һתȥ
سΧָŴʼˣľӾһǰͺ̡
ڳ¥֮ϣȨͶѾļͽصıֵסǾͳԮ
ǿĵֵסԷΧ
ȵڶѾʱǼϲɫ
ղһٴսɰ⼸ۻˣȻЩǱϾΪǳղŵһսѾǵķľˡ
ҪٲֵĻҲֻűȥͱƴɱˡ
ؿ˿Щˣֻǵ˵ͷҲ˵ʹӻȡ˿Ȼڰл˻ӡ
Ŵӿоͷųḷ́Щڰ֮һŤͱһ
еĿ±߲ͣɱξָָ
ЩеϾ֪˼ͬʱЩҲ˷
ԭԴӱշ֮󣬾ûкúõĳԹһѪʳ
һǰôķˣֲֹܹһˡ
ĹַĽųǽµξȥ
Щξͨı䣬ùôʱǾͻˣǰߵҪܣߵ˻֪ǰӵš
һ̤
ϵҲʼͣ£˱Щ˵Ѫ⡣
ֻǶ̶̵һӵʱ䣬ξһ߾ѾѾһš
ǰ߹ǵʿѾƼˣǲҺħֶ󣬵ǶԼͬȴûжپ¡
ˣЩŵ󴳣Ǹ赲ǵĵͷһ
һ±ҵľӸӵĲˡ
ںָսĽΪǰߵʿѾԷ߷ˣָžӿʼЩʿΧ˹ȥ
һ¿ɺˣǻһֱعأԼȴˡ
Ѿվڳͷ±ѾһŵξЩ
˶ߣæձ
һͭ죬ǰߵʿǰǾ۳һţԼӪȥ
ȵӪǰʱ˻ڻྯţ溦±ԷͻȻϮ
Ͽ̾һЩǰسɱİܱҲܹڵĿ
Ҫıǧˡ
ֻǰѵ˼䣬ȻЩӻʿϲ׼ԷҲǸǵĳͽ䡣
̧ͷ˿ԶأȻƮ꣬̾һȻʹӪˡ
ȵصʸոյ±ߵС
һţҴҵӪȥ
仰ʹһҪûЩʿԼôأôȫպȫ
æĽӹһȻίٵ˱֮ϡ
ԭǺ˵ĴţͬʱǰǸ㣬ˣѾսȥ壬һʱ˱ٺһս
ǳûϣһ£Ҫû˺ĻԼȻЩϮҪϾҪˣ֮Щá
һ뵽ֱϾǸˣԸЩֿûʲô취
òҹУٳ30
ȵǰӪկʱɫѾҪˣһذҲûˣµĴ󽫽ӪկͬʱʿϢһ죬
ȴ֪ǣµЩһĻ̻̣ٱɵǰȥͷ
Ϊڵȥͷ󣬾ͺûʲô


537 Ϻ
һľӪ֮дǻĴܿһĬĬЭЩ֮дˡ
ڴӪ֮гԹϢһҹټôǡ
ڣûзϣƾԼۺı˵棬ҲҪء
ڴ֮У˼ôµЩ˵ʱͻȻСУλ
һ£ԼûټڽԼʲô飿ѵǰʲô£
һ뵽æ˽Ще֮ڡ
ЩֵµĽǻǺعصģʷ
ôˣʲôҪ
µЩǻ࿴˿۹Ͷһ곤Ľϡ
λ壬µʱҵб
¿⸮֮󣬾ͷλΪԪ˧ԳлĹ͡
λϽڽ۾Լ󲻵òվ˫ֱȭϹ˵Ҿ°ܣʿȫޣսʱؿȵ֮ȡز١
⻰ŭİ𣬵±ڽ۾ͻȻľ˻
¿±ߵĽѾˣԼԼҪǲͬĻֲãЩ˾ڴӪзˣͰԼࡣ
ѹסԼĻµڱ֮ϣǿţЦŶ±˵Ͻ֮ԣϹ⣬±ٺڽ飬ȻѾˣôھ
˵֮һεվĶ±ߵ˵ҹսһ磬Ͻʱڽؿ⣬㡣
ڽһϲɫһֹڵء
ĩȣ֮
˰֣ȸϿȥ׼첻Ҫг̡
ڽٴι֣Ȼ˳˴ʡ
ڽ˳ȥ֮һӾʧ̱ڱ֮ϣ۾תҲ֪ʲô
һҧҧ۾ų׹⡣
λ쾹Ȼܹټڽƹ˵ԼеѾǳˣѾвԼˡ
ҪʲôԼĸأһȦ飬ҪЩȥϮɱԼ壬ոյĴȥѾ֪ˡ
ʱõĻǵԼ뵽ԼСУǰȥԼŮ
Դǰܱ֮󣬾һֱԼв
ǺϤˣ˼ҳЦϾǰʱߵûбߣȷʵϵһЩԼܵôң˻Ц䣿
ϵʱҲһ˾ĴԼһϸϸƷζҲûвμڽľۻᡣ
ȻҲµı˵ڽһȥ
Ϣʱѹһʱ䣬ΪΪټڽս£ԼȻûнԼȥǶԼʧ͸ˡ
Ӫ֮УԹ̾ʱͻȻһСУĵĽ˴ʡ
֮һŭȻԼڲóˣһСҴҵĴⲻǹۿ˵
ҪʱͻȻͣΪСУǼģԼױ
æԼŭվӭ
Ӫк£
ǸСæǰһȻյԺĶ˵Ļװĵȥ
֮һ㶣ȻһůԭԼûзԼԼĸĻôǰԼ
ϽĻһС·Ȼ͸뿪ԼӪʣĵתԼ֮С
ȵ˴ʣҪԼʱѾվĽȻ԰һԡ
Ǹж棬ȥҲһĶ̾ͻĨӡ
ıǳ⣬Լı֮ϣ̾һ˵֪ҽǺ£
ĩֻ֪ҪĩǸǡ
ĵͷȻ˵ϣڽǰѰңҽɣ˱ΪΡ
֮ʹһսȻĵ̧ͷһֻޱ飬ǴУԺ꿴һĺ
һ£ԼŮȻϾͺվһҲܲˣǹ˵ҳӣ˵ö֮
ãȻˣҾ챾ڻؿ·ϣȵ··Ϯ
Ͻվϥ˵ĩ
˵֮һ£ȻСĵʵǲ֪Ͻδã
۷׹˵Ҳˣ»᲻еˣսɳ
Ժ֮˼ˣϽٴεͷȻĵ˳˴ʡ
2糿ξǱսȻӪկ˳·򿪷ȥ
λȻΪڴߡ
һ·ϻƽе磬λ׼ӽϴȻӪկʱͻȻߵĴ֮Уһͭ죬žʹɱһ
λ廹Ϊ˵˵ϮµĴٶ飬ֵˡ
ʱµľѾƣԷݴֻͣһ棬Ͱµľӳ˸䡣
λʵΣֻԼ󵶷ǰҪֵסԷĳ棬ȻŲбܽߡ
Ǿᵶǰʱ򣬴бɱһƥһԱ󽫣԰ײ棬һǹ
û˵仰أǱǹͻ˵ĺ⣬ֱš
弱æĻд󵶵ֵֻһ֪˫ĲˣΪԼеĵϸоһľͣϮ
ˣŵʱҲսǴ߶ԱߵС·ȥ
һؿЩʧˣԷİٶ̫죬ֻǼ¾ͺ׷˸ͷβ
λϽ֪æĻһҪ˶Է
ǶԷֻһһǱǹһֱĺġ
һϽζ㲻ȥˣֻһǹͰ˸͸
ϽһĲҽоͱԷ£Ŷ˼£ûϢ
ֵµЩʿǼ˧ѾˣҲսܿľȥ
ǰСҲû׷ϡ
ֻ£ԼʿȻϢ˻ɽ֮Уܿľʧڴ·ֻ֮ʣ˼پʬ塣
ȵϰӪʱϽİܱҵϽзϮѾսʬҲûһ
Ϣھ٣һѪʹ˳Ȼ󲻹ڽ赲ָӴصܾһս


538 ƣ
ȻҪ»ؾصܾһսڽƴ赲֮£ҲֻεЭˡ
ȫأȻһ߸֮ϣΪʬҲûһ壬һ¡صļʽȻʹ˻ص˿⸮
˵ڵȨڵڶûзξǰһġ
ܿľְᵽɤУΪξռžԵƣȻʧˣ˭֪ǻ᲻ʲôơ
Ȩҵģ͵͵ɳ̽ǰȥ׷ξϢ
̽رξѾ30ﰲӪ
Ȩ֪ξʱ֮󣬲һȻ˽Ϣ㡣
һǳƽξûһصؾǣǿϢһˡ
Ҫ֪ЩؾǺܶ඼һЩƽգҲǸЩǿһԺڶͱս׺ݵĵоƴɱ
Ҫ˵ǵѹǷǳģҪٲһЩɣܿǰܹ
ȵڶʱȨȻûмξһȨЩòˣֻ̽ǰȥ̽Ϣ
̽رξѾӪկ򿪷⸮ȥ
ȨһξѾ˺һϲ⣬һЩʵʵ롣
ܹŶԷ˵ʱ򣬴ӺߴɱҲܹɷ
ʱһ͵˳֮͢Уô͢еЩкͻϻöʱӹٽٻò
֪ƾͣҪϮӪĻ»ûǸ£ϡ
ƾŹʦͨټֵµЩһĻֲܹɹˡ
ȨҴҵ˳¥ֱõۡ
ȵ˵۵ſ˹š
ܿű㱻򿪣ӭؽ䡣
ؽԴڽ֮ϸ֮󣬾һֱڵԾĲܹ԰׷˾͵˿ŵΡ
˵ǿţʵŷ˯
ⲻ̫Ѿϸˣؽ仹û𴲣Ȩţ˯ȥ
ؽŹǷ˹ţһȨ
ؽ˵˵ôôˣ
ؽȨͲκεŭ
ֻЦ˵С磬н飬ҪʦСͨһ
ؽһоһɲҵˣæľͽȨõŷ֮УԼȥˡ
һؽʹҴҵĽŷһžͶȨ˵ҼʦϿȥ
žקȨĸ첲Ҵҵĳŷֱ鷿
ǽ鷿ʱ򣬾ͷ߲㣬Ѿļͽܶˡ
Ȩ֮Ͻ˦ؽ֣Ȼʩ
ְȨʦˡ
λ֮ǷһǷӣȻ˵زض񡣡
žöѾȨһλ
Ȩ֮ʵشҴҶĪʲôҪ˵
ˣ̽ȥ̽Էʵ̽ξѾ򿪷ⷽȥ
ȨĻڳ˶һϲɫһǽоˣҲǰȫˡ
ҲЦݣ˵ͷ˵Է֪ǿӲͷǺˡ
ԷӦǾԼͨԲ
ȨҲĵͷȻά㡣
ǹʦͨ󣬶ԷͨŲòȴ
Ҳңһ֮ȫ־ɳǣöԷˡȻô˵ڵϵЦȴôҲزסˡ
Ȩ·ǳĸߣǸϽȴ˵ʦԷ˻ؿ⸮ٴбҲǵһ󻼣ʹ˷ǰȥ׷Է·ϣ˵ɺã
˶ԷĽ˼һ£Ȼҡҡͷ˵ԷȻˣδʿҲʮֵĵ䣬ǰȥ׷öԷ֮ͬģʱ򲻵޷ԷֲҵҲʧء
˵ĺʵƾصЩУȥ׷ξֱѻʯ
Ȫܾź̾˿ȻͰЩ׵˾⣬ºܸߵĶ˵ʦڵߣҵǲ͢
˵⻰ʱȨ۾㲻ţڴһľګˣҲܹ
ãһǻξȷʵǴһд
Ȩ֮̾Цߵߵˣ֮Ҳس¥ֱӾͻţҴҵдһۣϾǡ
800ӼٶֱǶȥ

˵ڵľʦ֮ڣǻʹе˳»ʵۣѾЩͷöˡ
Ѿҳһ࣬ЩǴ˷һһϾð˳
µ֣ûнЩȫѹȥǸӵʢˣмѾռ˴ǣơ
뾩ľǸαˣ10ռݿԼܱߵĵƺƴ
չȥŪڼһЩ͸ұˡ
ڵĳ͢ҪߵĲԭ壬ҪڲңѾûбȥ˼ˡ
Щ˳»ʵԲԱߵλ̫࣬ͣڵķΪ赼ĻλϻʵѾˡ
ʹλʵҲֻǿ֧ţ֪һͻȻ¡
һ죬˳»ʵڹۣһ߿һ̾ûһϢ
⻹޵𣿡˳»ʵ̾һеӵϡ
̫æǰȰο˵үصģȻ¶𣬵ⲻһʱֻ֮Ҫֹܼʱ䣬ʱЩȻᱻƽϢ
̫֮Ըô˵Ϊʱ˵ܳȻ˥ܣȴֻҪٹĻָܹһѹ¡
˳»ʵεĵ˵ͷ˵ô˵޵Ŀ¼ֲôʱ䡣
Ҳ˳»ʵǳġ
̫۾תתȻ˵үڽҪƾĴܣһбµģҲЩͱƽϢˡ
˳»ʵۺ̫һӣ̫һ˵֪л
ѵʲôҪƼ𣿡
̫Цһ£Ȼ˵үˣлһŴûʹá
˳»ʵһ㶣Ȼͷ˼һ£ǲҪ졣
ֱ˵ʲôˣ޴۶
үˣǻһλʦʦͨĻҵǶȻǲһ
ʵ̫֪ЩĴ֮ԲܹƽϢңΪЩÿһһ֧š
͢Ĺ˾ôˣұϱЩɵĸҪ࣬սİܡ
ֵĻƾͣЩɻûмĶ֣ʱֲûһɷ


539 
˳»ʵۺ̫ôƽϢµʱһС̫̽ͷ̽Ե￴˿
̫࿴龰æ˳»ʵ۸һȻ˳˴
֮ʱһ̧žͽС̫һͷ
Сӣڴ̽ͷ̽ԸʲôҿۼȿҪûϿģͰ̱ˡ
ǸС̫ڵϹһȦǾ͹ڵء
лڵİģСڡ
̫ЦһЦȻһ¡
ЩͽͽǣСӻ飬˵ɣʲô£
ǸС̫æĴӻȡһۣȻ˫ֵݵ̫ǰ
800Ӽ
̫֮̾ͱ˫ֽӹ۴һϾ¶ϲɫ
ȻЦضС̫˵ذͦģȥ50ɡ
˵֮󣬾ͲС̫࣬ҴҵĻص˴֮ڡ
̫˳ǽĵ»ص˳»ʵ۵
˳»ʵ°Ѿе֮߰ϣһ߿һߵ̾ʱëʵ㼸»д֡
̫˳»ʵ˵үۡ
˳»ʵ̧֮ͷ̫һۣȻĬ˰ΣʵѵǸαֳʲô۶ˣ
ǻ۶ߡ
˳»ʵԳЦһ£Ȼ˵ҪĻ۶ߣ¾Ͳҳ
̫εЦһ£Ȼ͵˳»ʵ۵ǰ
˳»ʵۿǰ۲û̵Ĵ򿪣ʵǺϢǻϢ
ϲүǺϢ
˳»ʵ⻰ųһȻǰ۴򿪣ϸĹۿ
˳»ʵ۵ɫҲϲɫȻЦ
ãǴܳĹʦȻͨαǰȻ顣
˳»ʵ˵֮ѹƲסԼ˷ܣվڴ֮˼һߵҡе۶̫˵˵ĶԣҪǶôЩͱƽˡ
˵仰֮˳»ʵ۾ر֮ϣʼдʥּ
д̫֮æĴԱù˱գԵĸ־ϣȻ˫ֵݵ˳»ʵ۵ǰ
˳»ʵϸٿ˿ûʲôŶ̫˵͸ʦͬʱɽʡľеľµԹʦΪ׼
ǣūȥ졣
˵̫֮;ʥּ˳˴ȻԼֵµһĸ̫ʥּǰشּ
˵ڵ㣬Դӻα֮ǿɿһʱˣʱƣоķʼѸٵһԶͷ
տʼʱ㻹ǳĸˣûй೤ʱ;òͷˡ
ҪǰʵȥܿķҪԭĿƣʱͻ߻ħ
˼ǰЩΣʲô˰ҪԸԼ
Ψһİ취ǸϿͻƵɣʱԪܹɵļԦӴķ
뵽֮ҲٵˣæѾǽعţԼطʼչȥˡ
һرչؿ˵㾡ȫˣѡ̫ҽּϵѾ˵˼¡
һĹͷͣ˸ʶ֮УѾǹһƬ
ԭͳƬ֮У򸡡
ʱƣԪҲıЩ͸ıҲһ㷢仯
ȥԭܿľͻ̥ǣʱֻҪǰ̤һɾǰ
ô׵飬ӹɾɣǶһʵɱ䣬ضή½ѡ
ⲻ㾳ԽԽʱһεĹĵؽٵԣЩӰܿľ͸֮ڣһ
͵ؾͿʼһ䣬εĹʼɢЯȴûʧǻķʼ뵽֮ڣƽѸ
ڶеȴоķһοʼѸ͵ӣѾЩȫ޷סԼķˡ
ѾüΣ㻹Щ顣
ֻһ֮ǹһͽٵ֮ڡ
Ľ䣬꿪ʼٵͣܿľѹסڷĲ
֪ⲻȨ֮ƣⷨһδεѸһҲ޷Щʱֻ취ˡ
һ취ڵԼȫ뵽֮Уɾ֮
һʧȥ֮ӽԺֻܹĽ¡
Ⲣϣġ
һ취ǳԪԹɼ
ȻҲһ֣ǳǳĿռǳ򲻵ѵ²Żȡġ
Ҫ֣ǾڷƲסǰɾɡ
ˣв;֮ġ
Ƹ۵ƶ֮£׵ٶȾȻһμӿˡ
ΧԵεĹڷһ֮󣬺Щĵȥˡ
1000⣬һС﹩ĹڹǰһλŮޡ
ⱲŮ޲ˣǰ̵ʥĸơ
ԴӰ˥ܣ͵͵Ǳϣǰһɾ͵֮
㻹˵̵ʥĸȻʲ뿪ֻµʱ䣬Ѿǵż
˲˼ֻһżͷٵܿľʹﵽ˵ɵڡ
ôĽٶȣñ֪ĻһŵĻ겻ᡣ
Ϊ޳ɵɣɵڣûнĹǲܳɹģոյһɵɣͳΪ˵ɵڡ
ƶԼͻͽȷΪⶼǹĹͣǵĹӵˡ
Դɵ֮󣬽ƶĸоӵˣֻҪһз紵ݶܸ֪
ڽǸоܾҪʲô鷢ʶ͸
ڽԲʱ֮ͻȻһɷۺɫĹ֮С
ƶԴһֻ֪оԼ˼ӵǿˣѾ޿ѹƵĵز
վԺߣȻ޷ѹԼ
ʱݺһĵ˽
ˣȱɡ
ƷյĽӹ裬һȻʹ·Ż֮С
ݺΪŮڽƵ뷨Щ˽ġ
ˣȻȥһɡ
⻰һȻתͷ˵ⲻɣҿ˵鷳ɲ٣Ÿɶ׼鷳
ˣȻ鷳Ӧǰȥ
۾ڶЦ˵ѿɲֻܹ࣬ǰȥˡ
˵֮󣬾¶˾ģԸݺϽ׼һЩһǰء


540 
һ죬ѾľļͽܴɨԺӡ
Ҫ˵ЩӻԭҲòЩԶֵ֣µЩǰǸˡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôѾͻȻĶЩͽЩϵӻ⼸ͽԶ֡
տʼʱȻǲԸ⣬׼ǰȡԼ˯һʱ䡣
ҲϣΪԴչ֮ΨһܼľǶѾˡ
ûҵɽ£ҲֻεڶѾᡣ
˲ÿ˸ͽܰ̾ģԺɨ龰
ѾѾߣվڽ˸ͽܸɻ
Ժɨòʱ򣬶Ѿ׼ȥѺԺҲʰʰ
۵űˣѾü˭ѽô͹㡣
ΪѾѾߣüˣϽĹȥš
һվʶŮӣ绹ΪģǿͿ˵λǵۻŵʱ䣬λڸԵƬ̡
˵֮½ŹϣһѾ߷εŮӣȴǰһֳסš
ǲģѵġ
´һŮӣرǸ˷εŮӣǹɫ㣬ʤա
Ů绹ͷһؿֻлʹԺŮ
һ£İ˸ͽܶǮ˼ҵӵܣرǻ׹ݣѵǰǹŮӣ˼ˣ
뵽֮оЩЦĻһٴӲˡ
λʩǵһ£ҽȥͨһ
˵֮͹ţȻСܵ˶ѾԣͷĶĵ˵ӣŮҪˡ
˵ʱ绹졣
Ѿһֿɿ̾˷ת˵۵ſڡ
Ȼ򿪵۵һɫ̾ͱࡣ
ԭŮʶˣǰǸơ
ѾΪ뿪ˣӽԺҲˣû뵽һܻˣѵ߹ȥˣʦ֡
ƿһؿŵǶѾ΢΢һЦ˵Сɹãּˡ
ѾһۣȻ˵˭棬㲻ֻʲô
ڶѾĲվڽԱߵݺЩˡ
˭ѽ˵ôֲ㣿Ͽȥͨһ
Ѿ´һݺȻ͵һЦ˵ôӵѾҲˣһǸôˣǲˣҸ㣬ҲСĵҲӲѲ³
˵ʱ򣬶Ѿֺؿݺһۡ
ݺһ¿ǱѾŭˣǰһָŶѾĻȴ˵
վںĽҡҡͷСӵİϷЩ
ѾСɹãҽȥһ˵
Ѿ۾죬˵Ҽʦֱչˣ͡
˵֮תҪţʱݺѾǰһַϣǶѾ˼ξŶ˿
Ѿһ£Ȼ´һݺһϾȻŹ
վںߵĽЦЦ˵ѾСɹã㻹ǽȥͨһɣҴҪϢǰ㲻Ҫ˴¡
Ѿ֮̾˿ԼԵ顣
ţ㴳
˵⻰ʱѾζĿ˽һۣ˼ǳˣˡǽơ
С㣬ģվأҾͲţ˭ҴǵĴԺ
ѾĵͷȻת˵ۣķǰ
÷ţûڷ⺰ʦ֣ˡ
һ仰㾪һ߰˸ڸɻͽҲĿɿڴ
ûмӷű㱻򿪣ѾڶѾǰ
˵ʲôأʩֻһѣ˵ʲôãһñˣ˽ʩǺã
ѾĻɲϿɣΪڶѾǽһε㣬빴㡣
㿴ŶѾҡҡͷҲ֪ô˵
ˣ㲻ùˣԽӴʩ
˵֮۵ſȥ
Ѿվתת۾Ȼ¶תȥСܼ
㲻ǲʩ𣿸ȥʲô
Ҳһȥһ˻һܾ㡣
ҡҡͷѾû취
˵۵ſڣ磬һվŵ˹Ȼǽơ
Ҳſ̾¶Цݡ
ǰ˼ǰһ򸣣ȻЦ˵ղһɺã
нʩĸƶʱû㰲ݡ
Цҡҡͷ˵ɲðɣ
ʩʲô˼
Ʋûлش㣬˵ﲻ˵ĵطɣѵĴ֮
ϽԼԴÿ壬ҺͿˣʩ
ƽž͸˵ۡ
ǸݺھѾʱ򣬻ǿ׳ĵһۣ˼˵ô㲻ͬ⣬ǻǽ˵ˡ
ѾݺӲըˣڻǰߣҷֻǺݺݵĵҲţСѾͷܵʱ
ŽԼ鷿ȻϽԼѾϲ衣
һĲ飬ǶѾһ̣˽
ǰһķǰְһˤ˽Ƶǰ
ƶڶѾСƢҡҡͷҲûʲô취
ѾԼڽǰǳĲˣݺݵĵһۡ
ǶѾͲɫ֮󣬾վ˼˵Ҿվ˵ʲôˣߣûŶ
Ѿʵûа취ˣֻȻڶĽ˵ʩһ£
ƷеĲ豭ݵ˵ʲô
ЩͷԣԼڵ֮һֱʵʵûʲô鷳ѽ
ʩ⻰Ӻ˵𣿡
㻹֪أڽѾ÷зˣĸֶ鷳ء
ŶΪʲô£
һڲ裬Ȼ˵Ҳҵ˹ʦڶЩϵĺú˵Ҳһֻˣ߶ҵҲǳ¡
ƿ㲢ûԼ˼ֻ˵ɲ֪жɽĸֶҪأ˭㵱ʦأֻϽɽֻܹȫĻ˫ȭѵС
֮һ㶣Ȼ۾ͿŽƣ¶һЩζ
ɽ󴨸ŸɣҪҪ˲٣Щ˿ɶǵɵĸˣһɵʦ
ɲǽ˵Щϴҽĺú


541 Ƕ
ƾȻ֪Щɽ󴨵ĵɶҪԼôݿҲͲˡ
ǽƶѽһ񣬱֪ʲô
ǽվһ򸣣Ȼͷ˵һЩûźʵȡ
Ҳվһ½ƣȻ˵лܽ
ʵһɽ֮еһؼȻǱôЩУĳЩΪ֪ԭһֱݣҪ֡
⻰оͷһЩİ˵Ҳˣ֪Щɽ󴨵ʦҪԼ鷳Ҳпܵġ
Ͼ˭ûмѽƾȻҲˣȻһЩ
ʩлðǰš
ͨ죬΢΢ĵµͷ˵ҪлֻҪҵľͺá
ɲǳˣִǽģټԭȾͶԽкøУһǱԳҲʼ
վԱߵĶѾЩˡ
ˣϢҲˣҲ֪ˣذɣڵвӴŮˡ
ԵݺѾĻЩˣ˵˵Щʲôѵ㲻Ůˣ
ҵȻŮˣҺǲһ
ʲôһģѵֱģ
ݺһ仰ֱӾͰѶѾµ˵ˣ˰һӣ뿪鷿
ƶݺҶѾĻûκεֹʵжԶѾҲЩᣬСѾͷ̫ûˡ
վԱҲ֪˵ʲôһʦãһкøеŮӣ˭һ᲻ˡ
ҺýƲת˻⡣
ԭסǸլڻ𣿡
Ʒʣ֪̾ҪסоͲһɸ˾
ڵģڵģԴߺլӾҲûס
֮ʮֵ⣬̧ͷһЦݣȻ˵լнסһʱ䣬ɣ
㾡סҲǿš
Ƹһ򸣣ȻϴŽߡ
Ҿȥʰˣȵʱ˵
˵֮ת뿪һ£̾׷ǰȥڵĸǰߴ·
Ժеʱİ˸ͽվһԣԶԶĿͽƣҲʱĴ˽
飬һ˵ͺݺݵǱߵһۡ
ǼЩϽĶ죬һĵ˵ߣɨǵԺȥˡ
ưһжһЦȻ˵СӼҺ棬
ĵغãҪĻһǵúú÷ǲɡ
ͽ˹ſڣȻĿŽתֵʧǰ
Ȼ»صԼķ֮а붨ģһҲ޷붨
Լˣվƿ֮Уʦһ㣬Ȼվֲ֪ʼʲôˡ
ôһվǽһʱȵٴѹʱǶѾԷ
ӵļȣֻڣ㲻ٳˣȻվԺٴη
ѾеӵˣһʲôԼĿڣϲµģǳܡ
˶ѾվȥȰ˵㼸䣬ǣһͱסˡ
ʦãʲôȥʦں˼أ˵ʲôҲá
Ѿ֮ɫøӵתͷݺݵĵһۡ
ȷ²ס죬Ϲ˵ЩʲôʦôܿǸһ
ѾǺ˵ڶѾвֻǵͷĳԷԺҲ⼸һˣȥɡ
ôһ۶ǳѹ֡
ǰ˸ֱŤĶѾжԶԶ
ĲɵʦҲǲҿǰ溦´ʦ˼ǵһɧ
ڶϣľȸʦ㣬Ȼʹ򿪹ţվڵ۵ſֿ
ѾʱѾڵ۵ſվ˺ܳʱˡ
ȻѾſڣȥϴһ£ش˶Ѿվſ
ѾҲˣٹ㣬ԼϴϾͿʼϵ͡
ϴӸķиɻЩǣʯһվſڣЩơ
۵ףЩǿɲ˵ʲôлһҪˣһᱻġ
һֱ緹ȻվſڣڶѾĴߴ֮£ŴҴҵİһڷּվſڵȴ
ֱֹ˰ʱŴԼѾݺ١
ԶԶģ㿴ƵӰϾ¶ϲɫƵ˵ˣˡ
ƱôĻֵЩɬлǷǳ˵ġ
ЩˣҰɣ
ûûУˡ
˵֮ڵǰߴ·ѽһ쵽˵֮ڣԼķ֮С
ƻǵһνķ䣬Ĵһķͨӷûʲô𣬶һƬҡ
رǴϵǱӣȫǹһš
˳ŽƵ۹Լɨһ£Ȼ̾ЩˣΪԼķʵ̫ˡ
Ҳ㣬ǰʱķ䶼ɶѾʰģѾƢأԾûй㡣
ǽЦһ£Ȼ˵ȥԵһȣҸʰʰ
һ˵Щðɣñ˿ȥˣġ
ͣһ£Ȼ۾ʵ²£
ԼСˣظ˵ʲôǺ
Ƶͷͨ졣
ҵ˼㻹֪𣿾ǲ֪ôġ
ףеϲþҲѹƲסˣǰһץŽƵ˵ҵĶˡĵҲ䡣
ǽ̧֮ͷᶨһƬİ
ŽƺҵԼһؿǰ
ԩңϣ㲻Ҫҡ
ģӽԺҵտɼ
´ʱ򣬽ƵѾݺ˽
ˣ㲻֪ǸѾжᡣ
һ仰һԧ죬ͽ񴥵һϵľͷֿ
Ļ˵ƤȽϺ񣬵ǽƻǵһ̸Ѿߵͨ죬ͷѾ͵ȥˡ
ݺںҲ֪Ĳʱ򣬸ϽεЦһ±˳ȥ
ȵʣ˵ʱ򣬽̧ͷɬ˵ϿȥɣҸʰһ¡
ɵЦһ±ߵ⣬ҲԶվ￴ŽƸʰ䡣
ı֣վԶĶѾݺ
ݺںԼվϷһͷ̧ø߸ߵĲмĿ˶ѾһۣȻ˵ҼҷϾͳɩˣԺҼҷˣ
Ѿ֮һӾͻԼˣ۲Ĳ


542 
ļ죬ÿͽƻһ𣬾ʱҲˡ
״㱾˸ûвֻ֪ԼڷǳĿֻ֣ص20ʱ
ͽƹϵԽԽãҲʼĽ˱˴ˡ
һûлȥֱӾķйһҹ
ȵ2ʱŸоԼЩͷˡ
ΪоԼѾɶɾ磬ھȻһι
ǱѾֿɼɣھȻôңԶһ
֮󣬿ԱߵĽƣвõԤԽԽǿҡ
ĵ·һ˵еԺգʼ˼ʱԼΪ
˼ĽУֻоһ亹ͣĴԼıð˳
⼸ԼôˣȻһСͷһһͷоͲˣɲƽԼѽ
Ҫ֪ԼԴ޳ɵ֮÷ǳ٣ԼĸĸŮĸҲʼõĮ
⼸Ͻƣȴоȵĸ鲻ͣĴԼð
ԽԽͷоһŨŨĺѾԼ
Ҫ̽еԭʱͻȻϱһ·
һתͷǽЦݵĽơ
ֻôһ˲䣬ղɻ󶼱׵˾⡣
ôھˣ˯һ
๫ˣôܹϵЦݾûֹͣ
Դʮ걻֮󣬾ѾȫķˣȫǱ޵ûоŮ֮¡
ҲֻжСˣһһЩŮʱĽߡ
΢΢һЦת§Žƣ»˷䡣
Ȼڷһ֮󣬽Աţʼʰҵķ䡣
ԣŽڷæµֻصԼո»ʱӡ
Ǹʱ˲Ҳ
뵽꣬ͻȻһѹ͵վҪԼԺеǲ㱡ɢ
ʱڴɨĽתͷЦ˵ôˣ
ֻôһ仰Ѹղŵ뷨һС
ûʲôǰһЩ졣
Ѿʰ˴̣ԣ˵ǰˣӽԺͿһ𡣡
˽ƵĻܾЩͷǾﲻ벻ɴҡҡԴѰҡ
ãԺһжġ
Žƾ΢ЦŵĻУ㱧Žƣ˳֮С
ѵõƽʱͻȻ֮ķű߿ˣŶѾıĽˡ
ѾһžͿڱһˣȻ;ŵϴеͭҲֱӵ˵ϡ
ôһ죬ǰͽ˸ˣ˲ľͷֿ
뿪֮ԼͷȻ󽿵ߵĵһۣȻ˶Ѿ
ӣԺ๫ʰˣͻС˯һ
˵仰֮󣬽ƾ͵ӣͭ裬Цӯӯĳȥˮˡ
ܵƵƣѾһزûϴʧȦﶼˮǸˣƭԼһ
㱻񿴵Щʹ졣
ôǣ񿴳һ
Ѿߵԣ۾˵ʦ֣꾫һǲԺͲҪˣ
֮һ¶ѾԴȻ˵˵Щʲôҵʦãô᲻Ҫ㰡
ѾĻظǷһЩǾԼ˿ԼضıͻȻ˱һ
ѾҲǾһЩµģǰࡣ
ڲûм㣬ֻĵͷʹЦ뿪ˡ
ֻûпڶѾתͷһ˲䣬׺
Ѿ֮ͭĽƣҧгݵ˵˵̫ˣʦǰ㵱֮ͻӵһ߶
ƶڶѾСƢͲϣֻЦЦ˵ʦãҲˮˣݺŵ㷿ˣϿȥϴһ°ɡ
˵֮󣬾ƹ˶Ѿطȥˡ
ѾŽƽʦֵķ䣬ҧгݡ
ˣݺݵһ̵ȻתȥԼˡ
˵ķ֮УźϴѱϣȻƾСһֿʼʰ
Ҫ˵·ǲٵģݣֱӴ˾һӵһߡ
ʱƾѾˣ㻹ûȷϵԶЩҲܹڵ˵ʲô
ǽȴͬˣͱǲ㴰ֽѾԼܵˡ
һʰЩ·һ߾߶㲻֪·š
ڽƵ߶㲢ûշǳܰԼ»ʱҲһʰ䣬һ߶Լ
ֻ֪Ѿѽźͬһϡ
һᣬƵѾݺҴҵ˽
ˣү緹Ѿ׼ˣˡ
֮ԻæĽ˵æˣ극˵
֮ͣеĻƣվʰһԼЩ·Ÿ˷䡣
Ժʯǰʱ򣬷ֲѾڣİ˸ͽܶվ
ʱ˸ӺЩнվ۾ͣһ
һȻʯм֣֮Լԡ
֮һ¶ѾԼͽǡ
мҪ˵һ¡
˵仰֮һ£֯һԼԣȻż˵ӽ쿪ʼ˾ǵʦҪТĻ˵ĻһΥ
ǣʦ֮
˸ӴӦһȻõһǰһ˽ƵԱһڵأȭ˵Ǽʦ
Ҳִƹ̵ģЩСͲ
ֻЦһЦȻ˵ԺһˣûбҪɡ
Ǽ˽ƵĻŸվվԡ
ĵͷ⼸ͽܻʶȤתͷȻʯԲĶѾü
ҪѵѾʱ򣬽ͻȻֱ֮ġ
תͷһֻƣǴ΢Цҡҡͷ
Ҳ˽Ƶ˼һֽƵץУգȻ±ߵĵ˵ԳԷˡ
һ仰˵꣬ļ̾ɢѾоʯĸѹǿɲţ֮ܵ֡
վһԵļѾ˵Կ֮̾ǰȥͽƴ򷹡
źӦ飬źƵӦݺ
һȴȴһ뷹Ȼ˽ơ


543 Сؤ
ƶ粢˽⣬ֻ֪ǶѾѾߡ
ڼһ͵ԼǰΪǶѾԼʾأЦӯӯȥӡ
ʱͻȻһ£һƵȥ
˵ĻֻǴϵùˡ
ʲôˣȻڻñ֪ǱϾзģֻһܵţžȫĿϡ
ƾĸоԼߵʱ򣬱бǱ߿һ£͵һӣǻûµֱ࣬Ӿͱӵһԡ
ʱŴܵһ۾վһԵ硣
һԵ㣬ҲˣһӶ磬ȵëëŵĳɺͳ
ǱˣϽĺһ֮ڵأһ˵
ʱ±ߵĶѾ̧ͷмĿһ۽ƣȻ˵ǲСĴһõ𣿡
㿴ȥ˶Ѿһۣҡҡͷ˻ȥ
㻹ΪղŵǶѾƲ˳ۣԼѾأȴ֪ȥʱ¶һ˿΢Ц
ԵŮ˾ûһʡ͵ĵƣҲֻһ˻ģΪԵŮ˶ĵ
緹ǿĿİĳˣͷ۵顣
һ쿪ʼĵ۾ͷֳһǽƺѾݺһǶѾѾ硣
˴ӰͿʼһֱҪ˯ܰһ
ǼұмҲˣֻ뿪ۣȥţԷʱǾ
ƽţȴһηӿ
һαʧܣò˻ؿ⣬֮ûоô
ȻһҾƿعĵط
ҾҲ֪˭ԼĸѾֵȫԼŮ
Ҳûйǹ޲ˣս޲ʤԭ
Ҳ֮£һСؤ֮Уء
Сؤſڵʱ򣬷ֳſдʿأе񶼲ǡ
Щһ֪ô£Ծʵʵǽţÿһεࡣ
ǸСؤȴĴյ˳ſڣոյһһʿһӾͳ˹
һȥ
Сؤһޣ̾˵ڵء
ûǰӵһߣҧվʿ
û۵Ķ֪˭𣿡
˼ʿûʶֱһӳȥ
ǵһֻӲʮ۵Ļôڶޣʿֻ֣ôһӾСؤƤ
һСؤǳ˼ˣӵ֮ҲҳˣӵһߣҲ˵ʲôˡ
һֱʱһӶӵʿʳʹӳ
Ǹһµ㿪ʼ䶯Щ˺ͻȻվʿĸʼλá
Ϊÿô࣬Ҫˣһ඼ȲϣֻǺЩˮ
ʿǿʼʱȨҲڼ˵Ļ֮˳⡣
ʱصԽԽˣԭȵʱÿҲֻˣѾǧÿųˡ
ȥصʳ¾Ҫ͸ˡ
Ȩ༸ͰЩ˸ߣϾҪʳΪڸأȫ˳Щ
ȨϾһȽĹ٣ЩڣݵֻʣƤͷİգҲȦЩ졣
ȨпʱͻȻһСؤ˹
Աߵһ۸æǰһȨǰеĸֵˡ
ǸСؤλεĸֵҲһϿվסˡ
Ȩ´һСؤϾͷͱЩһ
ȻҲЩݣҲã϶ûиǵĵطȴϸƤģڵͶԳƤֲڡ
СؤҲġ
С磬Īұ¶𣿡
ǸСؤ֮Ͻ˵ҷϹ֮ǰ㴫š
Ȩ֮һ£֮ӻ֣˵һԣȻǸСؤ˵Ǳ˭ںδ
ǸСؤҿ˿ȻǰһԼ֮󣬴¶һ˿ơ
Ȩ۾һоͳһ
ʲôżһʥּ
Ȩ۾һתЦŶ˵ҵ˭ԭС㣬ߣҵ˵
˵֮ȨҲ࣬ǰһץСؤתͻȥˡ
ȵ֮СؤɵһһƨɾϣȻֱӾϱߵǵץȥ֮Ͳ߶ʮһԼ
Ȩ֪һ·Ͽ˿࣬æ˵һ裬͵Сؤԡ
Сؤһھͽֿ֮ʼץǵĿʼɨ
ֱһ̵ĵĶСؤԹ⣬µİ۹⼯еȨϡ
Ȩ
Ǳء
ǸСֵ˵ͷȻ˵ۼҷݻ֮ǰʦּ֪ʦ֮У
Ȩһ㶣Ϊǻϸּ⣬û뵽Ǹġ
ǸϽĻشڳеĵУ̾ȥ롣
Ȩô˵ģȴվһͬʱ۾ǸСؤڵʲô
СؤҲǸģȨģӾ֪ôˣӻһһͭƣžӵȨǰ
Ȩӹ֮ͭϸĿ˿һţͭ͵Сؤǰ
ԭ£ʵʱЩαĹֵЩӰˡ
޷޷һЩӦõġ
ȨԷѾʾ֤ųȥǰȥȥ㡣
˴Űʱʱ䣬һŲ㼱߽˴á
ǸС̫ʱںȫһ·ļͻȻŲתͷһֻ߽һĵʿ
ˣĶȻǹʦ㡣
С̫Ͻվǰ̾ʹһǧ
ū澼ʦ
һ£Ȼ˵ض񣬿𡣡
С̫ĻҲ˳վ
˵ʦҿҵࡣ
ԭĿ⸽Ѿαռ죬ڿ⸽㳯̵͢ģҲֻˡ
Ҫ봩Щ˵̽뽵ߣС̫ǳ˲ٿ࣬һ·ϸշתطмܵвҪЩ¾ļˡ


544 Ԫ˧
˺Ѽ䣬ʼ°ѻϡ
СһǰĪʲôָʾ𣿡
С̫֮ϽվӻȡʥּȻ߸ߵȨ˵ʥּʦּ
˸Ͻվʩһ˵ƶϣ꼽ּ
һԵȨѾڵء
С̫Ŵ򿪵ʥּ˻ʵۣگԻ¶֮ʱʦŸǾݣ£֮ʱطʦϣΪִԪ˧ͳƽ⶯ҡ
֮Ͻ˵һּл
С̫Ͱеʥּ͵УȻִӻȡһöӡҲһݵ
ӹöӡһϱߵһֻɽͻ㷭һֻϱ߻šԪ˧֡
ԱߵȨöӡһԭöӡҲֻڿʱ̫ʵ۴͸λµĴԪ˧ù
ڴº󣬴Ԫ˧̫ʵɱöӡ㱻ջأղڹУ⼸û
û뵽˳»ʵ۾Ȼ´ӹöӡ͵ǰ
Ҫ֪öӡзǳȨһ֮֮ϣƾöӡǣԺͻʵ۵ʥּ࿹⡣
õöӡȫͿ˵һȨҲüɵ֣ΪƾӡԵµ˵ʵˡ
ȴ֪еĹ£ֻĿ˿ӡ㽫˻УŴС̫˵ܻϴòҪһȥʰǰʦ
С̫ϽҪҪ˵ǲظʦһֻϣʦֻҪǺͣӹܾӱˡ
֮Ҳ˵ͷѾǳĽˣǰȥְʱ䶼ûˡ
ãȻ̣빫ȥ˵һ
С̫ЦЦ˵㻹鷳ǰȥ͢ɣҵĸŹʦһȥ֮С
⻰оһЩõԤУʵΪΣ
ߺߣѾΪļӽԺҾҪ͹ʦˡ
֮Щ죬Ȼ˳»ʵ۽Ԫ˧ľ͵ԼУԼģĻôһ̫ԼԣҪʱʱļԼ
룬ڵλ漸ǧһŵùĴ󽫡
㳤һȻеѹ£֮µĹ˵ղŴæûʹմ
Ҳң¼߽
ԭǸ߹ô߹ʱס£ȵһȥ׼һ£ǾͿ̡
Ǹ߽Ȼĵͷʱ۵ùǺܹϢһʱˡ
ʦ¾ȥæۼҡ
ͷȻԱߵȫҲʾһ֮󣬾ת뿪ǡ
뿪֮ȫϽĸλ߹׼˷䣬׼ˮ裬λһ·Ͷٵĸ߿չܹϴ裬ȻϢһ¡
ղ֮нּʱǱûдһȴЩء
ԭȵʱֻΪԼ뵽͢һߣ͸Ÿɵɸ棬û뵽͢Ѿز˳»ʵ۾Ȼһͳ󽫶ɲھȻѼϼԼ
Ҫ˵ԼΪҲһһĸ֣ͳսĻ㻹ûš
ϾսӪկһ׾Ĺģѧģôܹͳ
صĻص˵ۡ
ոյһƾȥֱЦ˵๫ôˣüչġ
ѾѽƵԼˣԼܹԽʱû˵֮⣬鶼Ѿͽ˵ס
ε̯̯֮󣬽еʥּ͵˽Ƶǰ
㿴ɣϻʵ
һ˿֮ЦӯӯĽʥּӵУһ
ϲ๫ϲ๫ӽԺ๫ҲǱԪ˧ˡ
ǺǺǡһĿЦ
ҵԪ˧ҿӪկô֪ʱñһ˾Ͳˡ
ѽЦЦȻ˵һ๫֪أԭ๫֪顣
֪ˣȻȱ֪ĶһЩ˵ʵҲǴϿģ⿴ҲиȤãҶЩϵȷʵС
΢΢һЦȻֱ˵֪๫ʲô๫ɷġ
Ŷʲô취𣿡
๫ȻǸŮѧҲǿ˼Ҫ˵ҲܹǿĺŪ
⻰˵ʮֵǫ飬ǿȴʮֵš
´һ½֮󣬻ɵ˵Ķñԣɱƭңʱ˼һˣɾûˡ
๫ģⰲӪկɱսأҲĵãȻ๫¶
ţЦտץŽƵҡҡ˵Ҵȥġ
˵仰֮Цǰеһ˿Ҳȥˡ
ڵ緹㽫ԼͽܺͶѾȫټ֮Լڼ֮뿪ۣǰִ֮֡
ͬʱǣ׼ҺԼһǰ֮С
ҲǵİΪ֪Լ뿪أʱα֪ôġ
罫ȫԼԣҲԼͽչˣʡǱԷˣɥ
⼸ЩгȥˣĻᣬȻһϲ
ΣգǸûзϣϾԼʦԣĸ˵ǡ
ڵϣѾ˾Ϳʼæˣ˻˵ǶѾʰĶȴ̫ˡ
ЩʱѾΪʼԽԽҲסįʼһЩС
ЩС˵Ͳ£Ƕͨ˵ȴһЩ˲Ķ
˵㼸ͽƵĵᦣ΢Щее˵Сӵߡ
ⶫûе˵ȴ˲õı
һαΧصʱ⵴ᦾʾ
ԭ⵴£ο
ɼⶫ
ټ϶ѾԼƵǽǲòЯģⶫֻһԵģΪ˰ȫѾû˯߰˰Ѵϣ΢Щġ
ȵ2ϵʱ𴲣ԺжѾĵǶѾϣ͵ˡ
ЦЦȻԸԵĽ˵Ķʰôˣ
๫Ѿʰˡ
ãھ̡
˵֮󣬾˴ӺԺ֮ǣƥ֮ȫŶȥ
տʼʱ㻹ĽһŮԦս
·ŷԼĵǶˣǽȵģƥ߶ͣԼҪͨ


545 
˳ſڣ̫߽ȨѾȺʱ
һǸ߽͸Ͻǰʩ
ʦһ·ʦӦ
£ҵȶΪЧңһ·㾡ܷġ
̫߽һлȻ۾һۡ
۹ϡ
֮ϽķС˼ǰڵء
ūŸ߽¡
˸߽һۣȻ˻˵ɣԺ󲻱˶񡣡
ūл¶䡣
ȻǸ̫վ
Ȩǣ֮󣬴뿪˳ţ˳Źٵ򱱶ȥ
һ·ϲ̫ƽ´ңԳٽٵ˶ţë
һˣÿһ϶һĹϵЩСë־ʹˡ
ЩëǵǲصģǵĵαɳѲ߲ӡ
Щ˿ѵأҪ˲һȫˣܳȥһͻᱩ¶٣ʱǲǼʮˣǧ
Ȼһ·գһֱûг֣öѾԼļͽƵĶ֣ǿٵʵ
һ·оգ뿪˿⸮ľڣʱص˳͢Ƶ
֮ǳһȻһСջúõϢһ죬ڶٴ̡
˴㼯Ļ츮ء
һ·ϾͶǸ̫׻㼯˶
̫൱ʱڳ͢ʥּʹҴҳھж˵ʵҲ˵ġ
㲢ģΪһΧα͢ҪɳʮƾЩټͨӦܹƽ⡣
Ҫö࣬Ӫһɽ¹Ƶʱ򣬵ʱľ˰ء
ԭСɽ֮ϡϡפŴԼһҿӦʱƴģܹ롣
һĿЦԱߵĽ˵͢͸бܽȴƽ⣬ⲻǿЦ𣿡
ƿ±ߵҲЩЦҪǴȥαսǲѻʯ
̫߽ЩĵػصʦүȻЩ˵Żһּġ
εĵ˵ͷϣ˰ɡ
˵֮ɽ˸ϽһȺ˺ܿľ˴Ӫǰ
ʱ̾ͱŵʿ
ǰߵôӪɱۡ
ҲǼγսģ֪ЩأǸϽķ
ҲϽȻ˴Ӫǰ
㽫еĽӡ˳֮󣬶С˻Σ˵˧֮ӹܴϽȥͨ
ǸСŵĽӡһۣ͸Ͻܽȥˡ
ŵһʱ䣬һӣž߰ԱСӪš
Щһŵľ죬֪ǰλǵ˧ˣһڵأϹ֡
ĩȼ˧
˵ͷȻҲػŽӡȻ߽˴Ӫ
߽ͶѾ˸æҲ˾Ӫ߰Ա󽫣Ÿվһоʡ
˴֮￴˿ֻмһŻƤΣǰ߻һϱ߷Ÿ졣
Ҳǰȥ˻Ƥ֮ϡ
ƺͶѾϽǰһһվԣվ
߰ԱĴʱֻվڶ·
ֻ̫߽Щ֪롣
ЦЦ±߷ԸϽ߹׼һӣס
±վŵһǳĻ飬һ߽Ĵ֪Ǽ̫࣬Բҵܿľʹ߰һӣ˧Աߡ
߽һ㹰˹лˣȻһԲ
˧֮¿˿Ȼʵһλ߱˧ܹжѵ˶೤ʱ䣿ܷս
һ仰Ĵ󽫶ˣǻ࿴˿һ곤εվ㹰֡
˧ھӪ֮ǧˣЩ䶼ǴӸظسǵľ֮гģѵǷǳϽսǡ
㱾Ͷ֮еʿϣ˻㱨֮Щ
˳»ʵ۵ʲô˼ԼǰȥԼƽѽ
λ곤Ľӵü֪ʲôϽĴӻȡһŻִ
˧Ѿô˧ڴһ£ͬʱӸİ֮ټһЩ֮򿪷
˵֮ǽϽǰ㰸ǰִ߸ߵ
ѾϽǰִȡ˹Ȼ͵ǰ
˿Ȼǳ͢ľ
ԭڳ͢ǰ˺«ưѾЩ׽⣬һظ㲦2ҲƴȫŴճġ
ЩѾǳܹ͢ļˣҪٵܶǳؾѾûз֮ˡ
˱͵бͬʱֲһǮļķá
㿴֮־ͽִϣ۾룬ȻһԵĸ߽˵߹͢ʱȽϼҪڶʱڴҾһѵôǿеæˡ
ۼʱھѾ»һۼֻǴһ˫۾һԶ䣬ۼһɲʡ
֮˵ͷ˳»ʵԱߵǸ̫߽࣬ԤԼ£ġ
Ҳãʡ̫ҵĳ⣬Լ鷳
ĵͷȻ±ߵڽ˵˧է֪ڽ͹ְһһһ¡
˵Ǹǰ˵ĩ
Ҳʼܡ
Щ˷ֱǣλƣνѧν뻪ԽνѦ壬λƿν
Ƿֱλͳ죬ҲǸղŵĺԼԽ
˵ͷһγ͢ɹȻǲбܽЩȴ
رǸԽȻĬԣȴһѪֱӦһԱݺɳͽ
һ£Ҳ֪ô죬۹ԱߵĽɨһۡ
¶һ˿΢Ц֮ĸӣĶ˵˼仰
֮ĵͷһ˧±ߴλȻȥ֮ڼѵʿȡһµʱ֮У2ѵɾ񡣡
±ߵԼļͽ˵ǼһȻȥĴбжپǶ٣ǰºһؾӪˡ
֮ЩûоͷǰȥбҲ˽Ƶ˼ľӪ֮Уӵһ֧ȫҳϵ
һԺ¾ܹ࣬Ļ˭֪߰λǲĳͶ㡣


546 ƾ
ɢʣ֮еһ£оԵһƬľ֮С
ǽصΪ㰲ŵһפء
˵ط֮˺Ȼ󽫰˸ͽټԼԣȻһһǳȥ֮İ£ɽԡ
֮Ҳûǣͷֱдһ飬͵ǵУǵӪйܺڵĵطȡӣϽС
ȵ8뿪֮վһԵĽơ
һʲô˼Ȼҵ8ͽܳȥܸ֮һЩҲܹԼʵ8Ͼûо£һҪǰˣһ֮ǿôºαս
΢΢һЦȻ˵๫Ȼͨ󣬵ǱϾûжһЩǣȻ϶㹧˭֪ʲô
֮ҲĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ȷʵģԼھûʲôЩȻڷԼ˭֪ûԼСžţһսĵϣЩͻȻ˲е˼ǲ˴
ƿĬĬͷ΢΢һЦȻӣ˵๫ţ񾡣أ߹롣
֮͵Ĵһսܿƽ
ôһƾԼͨ˳»ʵôκεԼ
ƿţ̾һԼ๫ϱȽɡ
ٴεѵ๫ͨѵֵܹסȺ۵Χ
仰ҲһһֲõԤӿͷ
Ѿǵ֮ԭӵҲǳĽܣⲻõԤ㿴ʮа˾Żδ
һԼҪЩ׼ˣĻôΪ˳»ʵ۵ӣ¾Ͳִƴˡ
뵽̧֮ͷ˵ҵ״ӣһҲ뿪ȵһ֮󣬾ͽҵߣʿжѾͳ졣
֮΢Ҳ¶˲죬û뵽Լλ๫ȻǿԼֻ΢һ£ôԶ
Ҳã๫ܹıԶǣܱЩΰ׳Ҫǿ
ǽ΢΢Цһ˵๫˵ǡ
ҲЦݣܿľ
⼸ҿҪ¾ӪʿˣںӪ֮иҹעӪǮݵʡЩ˸ҺŪˡ
֪ˣ๫ȥӹܺӪӽԺһӵĹҲþҵͬ⡣

ӵ2쿪ʼ㿪ʼڴӪ֮кЩʿһѵһԷܿģûмӵĴ˧Ӯʿǵ𾴡
µЩǶıеĵǣеϲ
˵λͶԸԤֵµѵʾ˲Ҽڴ֮аˣЩСá
ÿһζ˻
⺫ȻϲҶײʵѾ˲ãΪ֪ȥֵµ⼸ǧ˿¾ûָӵöˡ
еĵҲǳԣϾ֧еĴ˧ֵµЩǧٻ۾ҲǳȻ֪Ͷ˭ǰ;Զ
һѵǳ˵һԽ
Խַǳ˵ãھӪ֮мѼٽʯǷ겻͸
ľӪ֮Ϳʼ㿿£ĻƴӣҼΰؽĴ֮Уҳϡ
˵Ͷ㻹Ƿǳĸ˵ģĳʵسΪԼˣôܹӪ֮һʵˡ
ʮʹĴӦԽͶ
ھӪ֮кЩǹĶ˽£ǿ£ס2˵ľģܹЩΥ
нƵĹҲǲСΪڵ2ʱ򣬽ƾͻȻϮ˺Ӫ֮УȻƾĽն˼٣ų׵İѾӪĺԼС
֮ӪеһʳĽɽƸ
ھӪ֮аĵѵ˰֮ǸԴԼļ±½½Ļص˾Ӫ
㻹˵һǳȥջǷǳġ
رһĻĹ֮УȻԼһЩƷҲˣָ1ӣһȻļ˽ǧˡ
ļͽҲļ2000~3000˲ȡ
ˣôӪ֮2˵¾
ڽ֮У2˷ֳ8ӣֱ͸Լ7ͽԼѾͳ졣
ڴͽ㽫ԼԣΪԼĸԼڵʱʱͳ
Ż⣬һԼھеĵλͻѸٵ
ֻнƿ¶ζЦݡ
ʱĽȣڽʮ֮Уͽ2˵±ֵһЩٻֱѵҲҪڰµʱЩ±ǱɾֻҪսϺȾС
Ҳʼæͣ͢ԮҪ͢ѺԼױԱװЩʿ
͢һ߶ڽƵҪǳʹ죬ûмʱ2׵µ׺ͱ͵˾Ӫ
Щ͢еĴһηǳʹ죬Ϊ֪һװľӶͽܣЩͽܶǳ͢деӵܣװ͵ԼʵԲܹڳ֮ͨ
û뵽ǣװոյһ˾ӪƾֱӾͲǰ2ˡ
Ͼڽſԭȵ2ȻҲ㲻þ񣬵ǾµļǿѵҲܹսˣٻЩ±˵ѵ¾ѵҲ޷ЩϾȡ
ΪֻİȫӦװЩϾ
ڳ͢Ǳߵ𣬽Ƹûȥ룬ЩǽȥھС
Щ±ǵװҲǺ˵ϾױװˣϾװ̫ˣЩ±˵Ҳ˷ѡ
Ͼ֪ǻװµ׺ͱ֮󣬶һ׶ЩеĵλҲٴ
ΪЩϾǶѾ֪һõ׺һıսǶôҪ
һؾӪ֮ЩĻ̥Ľ׵û˺Կ˼ΪѾ֣ʱƣǵֵ¾ӵҲԽԽ
һ½ʱǼֻܹԼױˡҪֵµûЩǧָӲˡ
һ´ҴҵĹȥˣ͢һߣ׼ݽӶ˹
ڻ㹻4԰ġ
ˣŸ£ս
һ߲ʿҲûеġ
֪͢ڱ׼һֻҹѵ֪͢Ҫͷ
һεΣǷǳģѾֹͣصٻԼĸ


547 ٳ
һоʡ
߾˧룬λᡣ
㿴˿±ߣȻһֻŵµڽ˵Ѿϣ£оһս֪λԸΪǰȷ棬ɽ·ˮš
ոյһ˵꣬ĶͽؽԾڶȭ֡
˧ĩţԸС
㿴˿üͷһȻһ˵оǳΪȷ棬ȥ
ؽʦĻҷϽ˻˰С
۹ԽԼļͽܣЩϽǵϡ
һԱվóλơ
ԭȵʱǺµһԱ󽫣ھӪ֮յı仯Ѿ˺Ͷ¡
֮ʣڹƵͶȻȻܡ
һôżĳΪǰ¶һ֡
֪ƣȻղȴϳɳأñΪȷ棬㻹Ƿĵġ
ãǾɹ챾Ϊȷ档
˵֮ͽе˳ȥǹǰӹȻٴ㱧ȭ֮󣬱˳оʣʼ
±ɨһۣĿ˶Ѿϡ
ѾȻҵʦãӪ֮ҲóӽԺΪѺ٣Ϊѹ˲ݣ⣡
Ѿ֮ЩԸˣһս֮¶¶û뵽ʦֱӰԼѺٵλϣӽԺԼҲս֮ˡ
վڶѾԵĽƣѾٳٵĲȥϽĶ˵ʦֻ㣬Űǧ򲻿ɹʦֵĺ񰮡
Ѿ۾һתһҲӽԺԼֻʳסУʦǶԼװмӡ
ǰһ˵ĩ
㽫˶Ѿһ֮öѾѹ˲ݣΪ¶Ѿǰʲôʧ
ϾѾԼˣҪʲô¶Լôĸĸ
뷨֮УһöѾԼЩ͵ЩʹͣҲˡ
±ߵڽ˵ʣµ٣һͬΪо¡
һ£±ߵڽһȭ֣ĩȣ˧֮
ȻľӪͿʼ˺˻˷
űһӶӵ뿪˾Ӫ˳Źٵ¡

һߴոյĳϢ㴫˿ڵС
Ҳ㱣ܹĲϾڹŴҪǿɲһ׵飬ڸǲˡ
ڽӵµϢ֮Ҳʼдûľ￪£Ѿڿ⸮ʮ
10ɲЩɢ£ⶼǸһµϾˣҲս
Ϊһһܹصס⣬ˡ
ڻ㣬׼ȡ붼û
ϾڵĴսɲʿ֮ĳͻ˧Լʿ
һߣȻ󽫲٣Щ´һҲվͨڵȴȫ⺺
ЩҪԸǸܳĹʦǲǿЦ
һԴϷǳǾȫס⣬һֱĵݺľ󲻵ò˱
һԵõ´󽫵ձ֧֣ΪһιصʱǾѾʶһ֪ǶľսҪسǲսǵ⡣
ʱ䣬ƴ֯أ˵ѿǲõǹ
ȵĴʮصʱŷѾѿڣǿӿݡ
ôսҪ벼ôǣҲ÷һʱ䣬ĻĹе޷Ƶȥ
һֱԵĽƣŶ濪⸮ķؼƣҲ˲õԤС
ҪƴسѽĻƾԼ๫µ4Ĵǿûм־ͺĹˡ
Ҫǣµ԰ΧĿǣ˳ڵݷ漸ûʲôǵġ
㿴Ŷĸǽ̾˿ԱߵĽ˵ȲЩˣȥӪկϢһҹ㡣
Ƶ˵ͷȻؾӪȥˡ
ʱµĴ󽫶Ѿ֪ķˣǶıʱƣھеոߡ
㲻ڵʱ򣬶ǽִ֣Ӫ֮ϵĸ˧ֻǵܡ
ʮʦصģڽʦʮֵĹǽ֣һֲĵȥ
ڰ۲㣬̬Ȼ⣬ȥ˽ԼδزܷΪһ
㰲Ӫկ׼ϢʱڿҲżҵۡ
۵ĻǷҪڽϮӪ
ľ飬˾;µʱһʱϮӪضܹȡúܺõЧ
õ˴󲿷ֽͬ
ʱµȴķԡ
ʱǵ̽ѾĴ̽㲢ֻ֪޵֪;£ôġ
ڱ֮ϵ֮Ҳǵ˵ͷ
˽ĺһ·СĽÿо40
һʲôɽͻʱ´ӪȻɳĴֱ̽̽ɽԵɽûŸͨ
һ·ļη
ҲηֲԾǰߣûץסβͣǻһ˿ͱ㷢ˡ
ΪڶҲЩˣʿǿھָҲнԼһ·ϾȻûҵһ
ʵҲ߿㣬ĲѧҪָӼ»в棬ָӴԵĽơ
һ·ϣ㼸һĿܣ㽨飬һֲشȥôһ·ƽƽ˿¡
ԺĽ飬ûеõ±ڽ֧֡
ЩȻҲ֪ǻǱŽ֮ģΪҲ֪Լ㣬ôƾĵǲһֶܹ೤ʱ䡣
ڽϳδȣͻȻϮĴĻ㵽ʱҲֻһˣǲ˾ҲС
Ȼͬжϣ±ڽ֧ҹϮҲЩˡ
һ£ûҹϮһµĺãֻҪԼɳʧˣҲûʲôʧȻƾ迪ǵĳǽԼڵİպ֡
λִѾ¶ĽҹϮ㡣
˵֮ʹ֮һֻ±߿ȥ


548 
ʱڳ㲢֪űϮΣգڰźôӪе֮󣬾ͻصԼ˧֮УϳԷˡ
Ȼо̣Ƕ˵ˮƽûκε½
ⲻոһ߶Ѿͽƣ˾͸һ˽
˽ĸȷ֮󣬾£˿ʼƽ͡
ƼһڲˣȻƳһԱ߶Ѿ
ֻѾһ߳Եķһ߻ߴߴĺ˵һ·ϵļš
ƲмĿһۣСѾͷҲֻǸԼ๫Ľƶˣһָ
˵˵ЦЦƻﲻʹ죬ĿһȻ˵๫֪еⳤ;Զոյ˵ӪǰµľҹϮ
֮ϾͷеĿӣ۾Žƣ˼˵ȥ
๫ϵĲϣоȻǰϮӪ
֮󣬵ͷһ룬ȻͻȻðһ亹
֮Ͻվ˽ƵԣĶһȻ˵лѣҪȻҾҪɴˡ
˵֮ҲͲԷˣֱӾͳ˴ʣС˵޹ʡ
һ£Ӫ֮оʹ˴߽ĵ
ʱھӪæ͵еڽ֮󣬼æԼĿӣ֮󶥿ףʣֱо˧ʶȥ
ͨѱϣо˧ʣ±һڽѾ룬Ƕ±ߵ˵ҵȳէǷиʱ򣬽ϵ˱ȻϮӪ
˵⻰ʱ㲻һ죬Ҫǽ»벻һ
˧֮еλ󽫣Ļ࿴˿ĵ˵ͷ
ʵǴоĳ£ĽѾϵ˽ϻ£ʱĸҲѣֻԼ¼ǿ䱸
û뵽λ˧֮ѵ˵£Ϊ˵һжƿ֮С
ҽҹ˳ӪھӪ֮òżԻˡ
˧֮
˵֮ڽͳȥŽϵ飬İ˸ͽܱ㵥
ǳ󣬲ʧЩҪȥ졣
ʦ¾ܷԸҵȱضȫԸ
Ǵǧڵ˳˵ĵ·֮ϣȵобܽҪؿǵʱǰ·ɱҪоȫ𡣡
˵ʱһ£ȻЦ˵8һһؿóˣо֮ȫĶᦣĴ󽫶Ȼڰܾǰ棬ǵĵ귫һ޷ָսʱͿǰ˸˵ˡ
˵ĻҲһϲʦԼѽ
һ˵İлʦ֮ȥ׼ȥˡ
ȵһ֮뿪оʣ»ص˺ӪԼӪ֮С
ƺͶѾѾȵЩͷˣһ˾һ뿪λȥ
˺ܿľͷ˶ԷǻĵһۣǶѾ˵վסˣԡ
๫ǰ氲ŵôˣ
Ѵ½ڴӪֻ֮ŵоǰ͵Ӫãһ򾡡
֮ͷһ£ȻЦ˵ܹ͵ӪľȻһԱͽֵµЩȻ˵мֱ죬ǱϾδɳµסԷ͡
ͷЦ˵ϵˣڵоĹ;֮3000ʱоܻسеʱ򣬰·ɱټеᦣĴ󽫾Ȼ˵
๫ŵĹȻһǳˣ޷ȥ
һЦȻ§Ž˵ʰһ£ǵСɽ֮ϣⳡϷ
ǽЦһЦת뿪˧ʣʰ·ȥˡ
ȵˣѾŲ˵ǰ˵ʦǲǰˣǵСɽϿϷҸʲô
ҡҡͷҲȥɡĶܰСˡ
ĳŵѾ¶һ˿Цݣ֮Ҳı뿪˧ʡ
ȵսֻ֮ʣһ˵ʱεҡҡͷλ֮ϡ
ǾʱͻȻоһĹ¼š
ָоǰǴûйġ
Ҫ֪Դӵ˵ʿ֮󣬾һ˵ڵü£ҲûĪĸо
ںֻҪһ˴ŵʱ򣬾һֺ¹¶в
ЩĪ
ʱ򣬽߽
ոһ͸оеֹ¶ͻȻʧˣӿһĻϲ
һҲܸղĸоˣϽվߵƵԣ´һ£ȻЦ˵ҿɲȥȻĻ֪жҪҾˡ
üͷ΢һ壬Ȼ󽻵Ŀһ£Сļشһ¡
Ϲ˵Щʲô
֪Լղŵ˵ЩˣΪڹŴʱɲôš
Ƿ֮ЦҲҪעִ磬Ļ¾ͻ𱯾硣
ˣ졣һߵǸһԼϴһơ
ǽЦŽס˵๫˵ʲôҶֻҪעسϣֻ˵ʱ˵ʲôҲ޷һҪȥ˴ȥǻûˡ
˵⻰ʱƻ⣬һۡ
ôʲôʱҳˣ
䣬Ѿʹ˽ĹĵĵŽ˵䣬ʶʦֵʱ㻹֪Ķء
㿴λҪϽĲ⡣
ȻѾ׼ˣǾ͸ϽӪɣҪǵʱˣ»˴¡
ƺͶѾ֮һۣ뿪Ӫı֮£˸һСɽ֮ϡ
СɽȻ˵ǲǺܸߣǵȴǳĿǼվɽͷҲӵ
Ȼ׾Ϊ׼Σǿۿɽµ龰
߽ѾˣԭǽƣѾλʡڴӪ֮ɥͻʵû

ʱƣɫȫİȥȵҪʱ򣬿⸮һ͵͵ı򿪣Ŵǧˡ
Ϊ׵Ĳˣ
ǲͬҹϮģһļ֣Ҳûа취ѡҹϮ󽫵ʱԺ귢ȥȻЩ£ǻΣʱ̴
һСҲôģǽȻȥ࣬ȴǵһˣЩʧˣ˵Ҳһ
ΪòԸǰȥӭС
Ըⵣ£ҲǷǳĸˣΪ֪ԼֵµЩǱҪʮǧ
Ϊŵǧĵĳ˳ţ֮ĵĴӪȥ


549 ʶ
ĴӪǰƣֻӪ֮оĵģһƤ
ǴӪǰмʿվţΪӪûһء
һĴ󽫣һϲֱӾͳӪ֮Уһɱ
飬ͨսߣ쳣֪ãӪжȻҲڼǰӱӣӱǰӣʼ򿪷Ǻ󳷡
Сɽ֮ϵ㷢ֵоѾӪǰͻȻת뿪֪ԼļıԷˡ
̾һתԱߵĽ˵һĴ󽫻б£Ȼܹǵ
Ц˵Ҳûʲô๫ؽ黳
ʵƸղ뿪Ӫʱ򣬾ͷ㲼õЩڵΪˡ
ΪӪ֮оȻѲӣڴӪ֮Ҳûκε̽ڡ
ⲻŸߵоûκεϿȥϮӪɣһ΢һĽֵ
Ʋû㣬֪Լ๫ǰھЩ鲢ʮֵ˽⣬һοԺס˾ͲٳСˡ
ϱüͷŵоĺ󳷣һԼʲôȻöԷ˲ͷ
ͻȻ֮һԼ֣Ȼ˵ҵĴӪ֮вõ̫ˣõоһ;ù졣
΢΢ĵ˵ͷ˵๫ҪסνѵԺ󲻿ٷ
΢΢ĵͷЩζһһ·϶˽ƵĲͣ㣬Ļ֪ʲôӡ
вһֱѹƵĸооǳĲֻص˵һʱ
Ǹʱͷǳǿƣڼ˵һֻǷС
ںͽƴһʱ֮󣬽ǿƵԸһ˳ȻŶԷ壬еֲʹȴı
ǱȽʵģԶŵǿҲΪǲɽܡ
˵±ߵ5000ĵߣԶĴӪ֮򿪷⸮ȥ
ʱؽǰ˸ˣѾ·˺þãǼоͨԼػ·Ӫȥ
һŷģЩоһȥ˴Ӫ¾ͲƽĻ
ǵ˲һʱЩȻȻ˻һؽЩ֪ˡ
ʦҿЩѽЩоǰء
ǰϾҪͨԼضεĵоҲЩò⡣
ʦǣ˵ô죿
ѯʣļҲ࿴˿֮󶼵ͷ˳˼
ؿʱͻȻ˵ܵоǷϮӪʧܣǶӦóһ¡
ôģϸ˵һ˵
ܵоǷʤƾ3000ˣһ䲻⣬Ҳܸشټǰ˸еıоĴһɱһ
֮ûеͷǿһԵؽ䡣
ؽΪ˵ڶʦ֣һֱ
֮вûвڧֳ֣ΪؽѾ֪Լĵλһֱհ
ΪҲؽ䵱ԼˣʲôҲҪһ¡
ʦ֣ҿ˵ĶԣƾǵıǵоȻ־ܡ
֮󰵰ĵ˵ͷ֮¶˵λʦܸرλȴҵ
ǣҵȽʦ֮
Щ˾͸뿪ԣͳľӸʱȺȥˡ
һζһҲǳĽţǺˮѾճȭͷ
Ķ±ߵؾֱǵľͨһ룬Աߵ׾һ֡
׾Ͼ˼Ǻܿľɽ·һͭ
ͭڵ·ɱ졣
ʮֽ˺ʱҲûеģѲӷֳɣм䣬ԻмŴ
ΪԼ֮Ҳûеģʼ𷴳棬һҪʱֵסԷĹ֮Լʼһ
˵ȵǻǼ嵽ľǰʱ򣬷ԵľȻһڹǡ
һЩ֪ˡ
Ҫ˵ϮЩСӻܹǿĵΣҪٻڣȥзͣЩ˻ûǸ¡
ʱڴ֮ϸĹۿڶľȻͽܡ
֮ҲЩ֡
Ҫ˵Щ˵ϹԺǸģֵһԼⱦ֮³ԵĿ
ɫѾЩȥܵǰлֻƴǰһС鲿ӣȻȫ˻سС
뵽֮۾һת֮Լļ½еǰˡһ
ǼСķԸ֮۾Ҳһž͸ǰȥš
˴ŰʱľͻȻһɧңŴͿʼû
ڶѰһһԷѾˣ̾۾һүҲڰԼ
ǸϽƶµʿʼ档
տʼʱǵĽǳ˳ܿľͳǰߣ赲ĵо˶ԷĴ֮С
ԼͿʼɱɱһоȫ𣬵ȵȥʱҲԼʦǰ¶¶
ʵ̫ˣûЩ˿ʼɱأͻȻ֮һŽЩҵʿȻ漣ȫʼжΣǧȫΧм䡣
һǸ˶֪Լ˶ԷļˣһİûڣҲġ
ֻγ佣֮߸ߵľ𣬶ֵµ˵ֽѾ֮أиɱȥһ·
˵仰֮ȵĳ˵о
ļʦֵܼʦֶѾȥˣȻûĻ˵űҪɱΧ
⼸ֵȻ˵ƴɱǵоʵ̫ˣټϹֲͣ䡣
ǼζûгΧʧС
ؽ俴ɱǸ취ǸϽԼʦ֡
ʦּôȥ޷˵ΧҲϽʩչܲʲô漣
֮һԼԴôԼóĹˣһͣĳɱ
λʦܣʩչǰɱΧ
˵仰֮͸ϽĴӻȥ˵֮󣬶ǰߵЩΧĵоҡҡ
Щʿ׼ٴη潫ģǲ֪ôľ͸оͷۻžվȵɳ֮ϡ
һȻǱʹǷʼǰͻΧ
ǱϾǳʩչ⵴귫ĻÿҲò˼Σڶ࣬һ˷ľ֮һʦܱضǰ
ɱһѪ·ӵоİΧ֮г˳ȥ


550 
ож󣬿ǵıӰεҡҡͷ
һҪǶԷеıǧһҲӲԼΧ
ֲÿһζڱиŸɵʿıӰ
Ժ̾һȻձص˳С
⸮еһϮӪĽ
֮ҲֱҿһŰȫȫİ˻ҪǻһˣԼǧľͻȫû
һ£Ȼ±ߵڽԸӽԺûҵκ˲ܳսԳսߣʹʤҲ¡
ǱĹƸˣټͨѾûս֮Ϻ뷨ˣֻƽƽĶڳݺˣսˡ
ľҲǰĵͷԼҲǳһǵһǣûʧȥǡ
˵һߣϵʱȫص˴Ӫ֮о޹ľ۽
ȵڽˣ˵һǱ˧˼ǲܣöԷҵҲûʧλʧġ
±ߵλľʱͻȻߴһСУ
һʶԼױͳ졣
ʲô
˧Ȱλڴ֮
ǵ֣Լһǰȥػǰ͵Ϯĵо
죬ǽ
ľһ죬Ȱ˸˽˴ʡ
һ˵ǰ˸˵ӣ˰ء
Ϊ˸ڷǳǱб
ôˣ
ĵͷȻһ򵹣
ҵȱоʧС˧𷣡
һ⻰;Լϻջǵġ
ղԼڴ֮кλ˵һûʲôʧأ䣬Ǿ͹˵ʧء
ϵľѹһȷʵԼòܲõ˿ҲܹǵвоϾǵҹѡ
һؾˡǣ´ξ¡
Ȼ֪һԼĴȴûһϴӣΪԼϴĻ¾ͻʧϣֻǿӲİڹȥ
ǼûдһһȻȭл֮վᣬȺ
˼һ£ԼҲǽѣ˵ǹǰɣоǾݳǶء
˵ҪΧɣԼһߵֲʮֵĳ㣬ټµķһһҲûôʱһֱΧſⲻ
ָԼµЩʿûʲôõģֻԼķǿƳˣȻһеİɺܴǵҲ˲Щˡ
ҽúϢһҹȵʱȫ֮ڱضҪƿǡ
µؽȻЩִϾҪ֮ڹƿ⣬ôɼ
ȨǲκεĵֻֿƲֵ˳оʡ
ȵڽ˳ȥԺ󣬽ƲŴ˺ת˳ԣһ͵ǰ
๫ǴʱͨǿƳ𣿡
裬һڣȻĬĬĵ˵ͷ
һеİվͻ˲С
̾һȻ󽫲豭˵ת䣬ûʱΧſ⸮ֻʧһЩˣҲ֮١
һ£Ȼ˵ĻôЩɾͻſֽţʱ³͢һ߰ܵø졣
Ƶķһ£ȻˣһԼȫĴĻߵǰ̨ʩչͨǿƳǣô˵Ҳ˼Ҳѧ«ưˡ
ֻ΢һ±㲻ˣΪΪԼͨѾһһˣ¸ŸɾͲŻʲôֵܹסԼ
ǼеĸǰΧԼԼǻк
ֻҪǿнٻԼԣͲЩνĸܹ͹
صģǹڵķȻǡ
˵仰ʱ͸ޱȵš
ƲԹɫ֪㻹к֣ǺһʩչһѣǸɵĸһ顣
ȻҲͷ
һĴӪвûʲôʿһһҹѾʮֵƣˣһЩ˰ؾӪԷ͵Ϯ֮⣬˶硣
һֻسˣûų͵Ϯ㣬һһҹȻƽµĶȹȥˡ
ȵ2ɫ޹ľ۽֮󣬴λһ˴Ӫ˿¡
֮ϹֻڵĿƼһڣ岽һڣܡ
һҪ빥Ʒܵһǣûжʮǲܳɹġ
ȴʿȥˡ
ֻӻȡһɫʨӣ֮ǰһס
ʨֻգۼĹ򣬾ͿʼͣűһֻɸߵĻƽ͵Ľʨӡ
ʨҡͷβһ֮תͷķͷ˵㡣
㻹ΪʨԼأĵ˵ͷ
ȴûпһֱԵĽƣзųһ⣬һ㺮˽ʨ֮ϡ
ǽʨӲ֪ôˣͻȻ˷ʼ֮зһ
һߵʿһЩϾ֪˧ķвôš
ڳͷ֮ϵξȴЩòͷˣǽʨӵĺ֮ǾͷۻЩʿܲסڵء
ҪľЧһָ
ǽʨϾ֪ԼĿ꣬͵ǰһԾֻǼ˳ǽ¡
ڳǽ֮ϣڷصĲˣ
ǽʨ˵˳ǽ£һȻϾѹ
ŸʲôϿӹľʯ赲ڳ¡
һȣϾͰЩСǸˡ
ѽǽʨӻڳ¾Ͱ˸Ҫϵóǻ˵ˡ
ЩʿһȿֺĽʯͷԼľͷȫǸʨȥ
ЩľͷʯͷڽʨӵϣûýʨӸоʹֻϲͣķҡҡʯͷľͱˡ
һӣȻ͵ǰһԾȻ˰֮Уǰצڳǽһץ
ǳǽǶһץ˸ʵڣһþһ¾Ѿ˳ǽϡ
һ³ǽ֮ϵЩʿɻŵ¶⼸ɸߵʨӵĹӦĻᶼûУܿĳǽϾͱһƬ
Զֱţʲô취أΪܹóǳزʧֻǿӲЩʿǰȥ
㣬ϵ龰ĵͷ֮󣬶ԼԵĴ󽫺˵챾̹ǣʧʱ
ǺҲ֪һԼһռľϷ磬˶Լȷֵͬ⣬˧Լ͡
˧ƺðɡ
˵֮תͷͻԼȥˡ


551 Ƴ
ǧӿ˴ֱǽȥ
ʱָųǽϵ赲Ǹʨء
ЩôܶԸ˵ɵķֻͽֵԼһҲҳһš
ڳǽµĺɲЩŹеǽ֮µʱֱӾͿʼǡ
Ҫ˵ȷʵָӾǷȱһǽµʱֶ̣Ĺеû׼
ںĲֻǿЩݡ
һĹƾЩҪ빥ϿĴɣֱǳΡ
һȴһͷǸʨֵҳһţû˹ǣ˾Ȼú˰ȫȫ˳˳˿ǡ
ԼЩ˼飬ΪԷǱʨҪ빥ϳͷҲ÷Щ
ǽȴǵʱȻûһ赲
Ҳ˲Щˣڴϳͷ֮̾ͿʼѭųǽսҪһĳǽȫĿס
ʱѾ˺ҪľȫԸǸʨӣǺļǧȻûа취ˡ
ǲȥбסˡ
ȻһֱָӵʿǰǸʨӣЩʿηʵ̫ˣôЩ˶Ϻʨԡ
ûа취ֻǴ½һľӿʼϣܹƾʱѹסԷʹֻӵгǽϵһС
뷨ʵ̫ˣûеһﺫĿӳǽ¾ԾһŮӡ
ŮӲˣǶѾƵǸʬ
ղŶѾʨչ֣ռ˳ǽۿųǳؾҪˣǵзһҲɳԮӡ
ҿ٣һҪǺֵסɾЩ鷳ˡ
˶ѾԸ´űǰԮ
Ҫ˵ѾҲúܣԼһʱ̻ϲ˳ǳأֱӾͰԼԵǸʬ˳ȥ
⽩ʬҪǶԸЩɵĸ˵ЩǸǶԸͨʿȴ֮ʱ
ֻ⽫Ǽ˳ǽ֮ϣȻһǽשʹܵǰԮʿǰӶԼצҿûһĹڳǽ֮ϾһƬʬ塣
ѾҲʿɹĵ˳ͷǵķΧ
ǰͣĵϳǽЩǽ֮ϵαҲʼʿĵ䣬֪Ѿɱˡ
С֪Ϊ󽫵Ȼһ
ƴڳǽάڵľƣʵѾǰΪ˳ǽϵϽżҾ쳷뿪⡣
⵹أҪΪźͺļҾһأʱҪӲˣ¾ͻᱻԷһˡ
Ψһİ취Ǿһӵзռǽʱ䣬ø³˵Ļᡣ
뷨ЩˣųǽԽԽ࣬˺ǼҲ˳ǽʱ˵ĸַͿʼ֮ء
ֻǽ֮ϹâֲͣɨЩʿξѾȫûʿˣֻ֪ܡ
òԼױ֯˶սӣ˺̾һ
ϣֲͨпľʱξǼܹͷȥ͵Ӳƴ
һˣЩξѾЩ˵ôתͷ
ֻŸϽΣյĵط
ĶսһʼɱˣտʼʱЩ˻ǿĶһŲŶԷɱ˶ˣЩʿҲˣǸűпʼױսһš
ʱűһ߳ɱؽ䣬һҲƣôˣоôڧˣ
ؽҲ˲̽ԷʵˣֱӾʹ˳˹ȥһһˡ
⼸֪˭ɱ˭ˣǿԱ˾ٵ
һŵսҲǷǳģҪξһѾû˶־ֻ֪ˡ
ؽǵľѵʱ仹̣ûӦսϵĽ࣬ҳһš
ʱͻȻһɫľ޴Ӱӳ¥֮Ծֱָս
۾һֻǽʨӵͷԼ£һһ
ҲҵֵæһˣȻߵױľǰ
⵹Щױǲ½ʨӻǻУȫƽʱѵڲ˱ܵķӦȵǷӦҪ˵ʱѾˣֻǽʨӾǻȺһͣǰצĻҧûмĹױѾһƬˡ
Ҳߵʱ䣬˵һΰȫľ룬һ龰֪ҲزסˣҲܳǽϵˣ˳ǽԼİ֮Ͳܲ˵ȥ
ʱѾȫ
˼ȿֺϳǽ
ⲢʿǶԳ͢жôģҪǿڳǽ֮ϼѾռ˾ԵƣǶϳȥЩС͡
ȵʱʱѾռĳǽʼǽµƽ
ֱϵʱþӣǿĿĿǡ
Ϊ˧ڻ̽ǣΪڳлʱķսսϵĹأ˧ǲðյġ
ˣ׼ϣȻԼױڳĴӪйһҹ
һʧˣþɳĽҲûпʲôף˯ҹʱͻȻ֮ڴӪ֮һɱ֮
һӾʹӴϱǽҲʾֻһ˴žʹӴͷϰγ˱
๫ţҳȥһơ
һߴ·һ߶Խ˵˵ʲôأôһŮңϽҲ·Ȼһȥ
˵⻰ʱ㻹üǰĽơ
Ʊ㿴ЩˣԭղļڵĽֻһǶϽ˱ߣµĹʹ·
ȵ룬ıг˴ʵʱֻӪ֮һصĳ۳ңܿľͺʲôֱˡ
ͽƻ࿴һۣȻ¶˿ЦôҲû뵽оȻĽƻȻѾˣû뵽һҪԼˡ
ĿֻǸˣҲ֮ض
һȷʵѾûжٱˣڶԷûʲô赲ãһܿľͳ嵽оʸ
ӳѾˣЩױֻűǿһͣҪ赲סЩĳ
ʱûгֵ׼޷赲סĳġ
˶ԷֻǼ棬Ѿ͸㼸ױ赲ۿžҪɱǰˡ


552 ҹϮ
ǶξΪ׵Ĳˣ
ԭ׷˳˿ǡ
λϼ֮Ȯ׷֮̾ŴŲбܽĳǳأԱء
ȴΪȥҲûʲôЧ
㾫ͨŽ칥ǵӣ֪ǾʲôǳأԶԷķҲûκεá
˵ô죿ѵȥͶǸԴһ͵ȥ͡
ѾЩܻˡ
֪ƢҲûֻ˵ֻ֮ضˣ㽫еңҽǰȥϮӪ
˵ؿһۣȻ˵ǰôЩǰȥϮԷĴӪʧˣڴŲбܽȥǸԷ;֮ǻǸϿ쳷Ҫ
һʱһʱʱǳ͢Ӫǽ䱸ɭϣȥϮӪȻǲܳɹǽ죬ǽеľŵڵĻϣôӪȻرи
۾ҲʼҲɵӣ˵ֲĿԷΪʤ
ãҾʹӦ㡣
˵仰֮ͽȨ̿ʼپӡ
ҲɣڵõȨ֮̾ͰȫȻɱ˼ƥǱս
֮ǾڸһС֮ĬĬǱأȵ죬ǺͳĴӪ뾲֮ŴֱĴӪ
һˣû׼ʲô˱ɵľɱ˴Ӫ֮С
ȵɱӪеʱ򣬷ֹȻڵĴӪѾûжˣһӪ׼ֱм䣬Ҫҳ㣬ն¡
ҲΪʲôôоʸԭ
ʱŸĻѹѾоǰһŮӲŶ㡣
ϲû뵽ʦǰȻŮӣѾʼѰˣһڡ
뷨ʵ̫ˣҪӽٲʱֻһΣȻ͵ĿʼǣûмĹ򣬾ѾʮɵĴС
һ¿ɰһڲ㻹ͨ
ҪҲˣΪҪȫǰٶתǿɲһС¡
һҧһţ۾ʹżǧѾ˾˵ȥ
Ѿʩչ˷ͨ㣬ֻǰѾ絽ЩǰȻ̧޽Ŷ±ߣ͵زȹȥ
Ҫ˵Ѿмʮ׵ĸ£ĽҲм׵ĴСһȥ̾߰˸
ȽϺã̧ŵʱѾǰתͷӵһߣŶ֮š
תͷʱԼЩѾ䣬ʣµ˸Ͳһ߿ֻڴӪ֮ҴܣͣĶ׷
ѾֵزҪϮɱļƻѾȫʧˡ
ҲľôߣŸһѵ
һתͷѾһξ룬֮󣬾ͼʮױһγĴʡ
ţȻŪ㣬ôҲҪŮɱ˻ߡ
嵽ǰʱ򣬹ȻǸŮӻ㶵վȻѡ
һЦˣһԼҲ
֮ͣ󣬽ŸĻٿǸŮӣɵĳմסˡ
ԭŮӳʵ̫Ưˣô˵أȫ϶¹
һɲɱŮˣôƯȻҪԼԣԼá
ôòŮҲһ֮ݣԺͶķʱ˳Ҳ԰ŮȥԼĵλ
֮ͲôçײˣŮǰȻǹָ˵СŮӹԹԵߣұ£Ļ㳢һүүǹ
վǰŮӣǽơ
̧ͷԶѾЩԶ˵㿴˿ŷģͬʱҲЩ̫³ç
ĵԶˣʩչͨҲᷢ֡
ֵ㣬ȻŮӷԹԵƴɱȥˣѵͲŵ˻ٴΧ
˼ǸƶûлشһҲˣֱһ֣߾мʿǰȥ׽ǽơ
ǻûȵǼʿץסƣͼһӡ
ǼʿȻĻ赹ڵء
ŽƶЦЦ
һЦͲ۾ֱˣԭƸղŻɫֻ֪࣬˫һЦѩ￪ĵһ벻۾
ǽҡҡͷȻͻȻڵϣлһӡ֮Ϳдʡ
Ĳͣһл޵ʼЩĶвͣε
տʼʱЩǷǳģʱƣǽıã
־Ǽᶨڷֲ֮ҡҡͷǿĽеߡ
֮ԾͦǹֱƣҪһǹŮ˽ˡ
û뵽ǣոմǰʱ򣬺ߵһͻȻľеĸֱֵĺ󱳡
һɹ˲ɱˣĻԼҪȵԼ˵
ֻǻһǹֵȻ˳Ƶǹǰһƣͽʿɱˡ
տʼʱΪʿǶԷԼڲļϸû뵽ǣոɱԱ߾ֵݹļѸֱֵҪ
æҵ⼸Ѹֵˣ˳ֽ⼸ʿɱˡ
ûһߵ˷Ľ
һЩæˣϾĵηǳխȻոǿҲЩʩչټΧŵʿ̫ˣȻһʱƵΣ
ȻɳϵͽֻеĸǹȻ󻯳ɵǹ⡣
ЩʿֻգۼĹͱɱ˼ʮˡ
ЩʿһͲ¸ͬȻǰͺ̡
еͬʬ嵱ơ
һЩֵסˣһߵɱˣһߵ۽ǵ򸽽͵飬ҪҸߡ
ʱǷӦҲһ߳ɱ
ԺһϽ߰ɣٲ߾ûˡ
òתͷƴһɱ
Ϊ̫ˣһܹȥģҲոǿͣĸǹѸ赲ʿһ
ǾҲ˼ˣǰѾ˼ϵıѾˡ
ʱĽƿٵ߽ӽϽֹͣվ˻صоʡ
ŽʧЩΧɱʿҲ˹
ȻѹڵȴݲЩ˺ˣΪǱǹûֹͣȻͣǰȥǱŵľûһܻŵġ


553 
һŵʱѾµɱ˻
ԭղڴӪ֮дɱɱЩɱһţտʼʱǳ˷ܣʱֲͷˡ
ԭԼһʸȻҲ˺ɱ֮һΪԼŽƣûʲôģҪǱԷץȥǺã
òתȥԼĴɱȥҪԮơ
ԼӪĸʱȴЩΣԭڽƲ֪ȥ򣬵ԼӪǰзȻڧҿѾ˲ˡ
Ȼ㲻ô£ȴûгɣЩ˵Ⱥ֮УȻžͿʼˣÿһµʱ߰˸ʿˣ㻹ͣĴһɹ
Щڵ﷨ľֻȫ̫ҽּЩǹɵġ
ÿһȾһƬķΧⷶΧ֮еﶼ޷档
ѾɱʱߣѾЩˡ
Ϊ˱ȫԼҲûʲôҾҾˣǹ˸ļʿȻ͵һ߳
㲻֪ʲôΪ˫Լɵľ˾Ȼҳ棬лء
嵽ǰʱ򣬾ȻĽ¡
ʦԸ
仰˸ϲ£Щҭסˡ
ЩʼĴӡ
۾뿪Щܵʿһ£ǽϿɰֵòᣬôˣô׵顣
ӻȡ˿ֻһҡǿоͷɳЩһֳһ㶣ȻͽӵʲôָʾЩʿ׷ȥ
۽ǲɵ򸽽ȥһʿӵĻأͻȻ֮һӰ˵ϣʿǱʲôɵľѪһӾͱһã˵ϡ
ڲͣķЩӰͣһѪգۼĹǾͱһ߾ߵá
ڵ亹ѾӶͷ
ҲʼЩңҿԼͶ磬Ҫһʱ̣ԼҲЩһ³
㿴ԼųĹ׷ɱЩʿ¶һ˿̵Цݡ
˴һʱ䣬ЩѾȫɣЩ˴ʱ»㼯ԡ
ٴλӶЩǱ㲻»ɵĺ뵽֮С
ҡһҡӣʮɸߵͿʼۿɼٶȿʼûһĹ»һ˴С
ʱͻȻԱ߷ɳһֻһգۼĹ˵֮ϡ
ͻ˶û뵽Ƕû
˳ľ͸֮ڣоͰγ˱ȻڲϾһĨ
۾춯˼£Ҫ˵ʲôȴһ仰Ҳ˵ˣֻǿĵ˵ϡ
ȴЩˣСԼǰˣ
Ҳ׼ÿշСˣ̧־͸һס
СոյĴ֮Ʈ˳ûӦô£ͱ׻Уžͻ˻ҽ
ɱС֮ЩˣղԼЩ³çˣӦȽСסȻȥѾûʲô취ˡ
ֻ̾һȻһХļױٻԼԣٶ鰲Ӫկͬʱ˵Уɳһ˰ǰԼ
ȵһаź֮ת˴ʣȥһֻһڽɪɪķ
Ǹۣæǰ§ס˽ƣĺ˵ûˣߵЩѾҴˣǰȫˡ
ȴûκεķӦֻǿĻУɪɪķǱŵòᡣ
̾һһȷʵԼ̫СˣȻһ޸֮Ů˵оǰҪԼļʱټ϶ԷڧԼе˾ѾҪˡ
ֻһߵǸһ߽·˴ϣȻ˱ӣץ֣һֱŽ˯һ
˯еĽƣȻ˵͵͵Ŀ֮˯֮Ҳð
㿴ŽƵиӵˣĲƵͷǲʱӣ̾һŴӽԺýܵκεв
Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ͻȻоһžһ˴˴ʡ
ʦ֣ûΣգ
ô޼ɵӪ֮УʦöѾûˡ
üתͷŶѾָϱһƣ˼˵öѾ졣
ѾŭӣҲʶȤĲˣȴ¶һ˿м
ΪѾڽŵʱ򣬾ѾڴϵĽơ
ΪһŮӣ˽ĿҲԼˣ˶ѾֻһۣͷֽװʽΪ˲ȡĳ谮
µĸƸ˸ǱӣվѾ֣Ȼһ˴С
ȵһ뿪ʣƵ۾ˣ¶һ˿Цݡ
˵ͶѾ˴ߣѾȲʵʦ֣ղϮʲôˣѾ𣿡
ϲûκεı飬ָָֻ
˳ָѾıһƣͷоʸѾ˾Ѫá
һѾ֪Ǳֵµʰˣоǰȴһʬڲͬ
鶼Ǳ˸ɣֻʬĨԾġ
ǶѾָʬʵô¶
㿴ŶѾָʬ壬Ҳ˳˼
ղǸΪʲôҪɱأ
Ҫ˵Լ˵Ļֲơ
˵ǵ˵ĻȴֲϮ㣬ҪϮ
ѵԼʲôĸˣղŵһжڰпš
Ӧѽ
Ӫ֮УԼͶѾҲԼİ˸ͽܣЩ
Ҫ˵ЩȻЩСǻʹһ
˰ҲͷԣֻҡҡͷʱĽ·ŵһߣȵԺл̽첻١
˶ڶѾʻæĲĻ⡣
ôˣ
ʦַģڳڵķѾˣȵͿԽˡ
ãҲٻȥˣկ֮ʱİȵʱһǡ
˵֮ӻöѾԼȥϢȴȲת˴ʰ
ѾıӰ¶һ˿ŭƽϢԼŭ۾תתҲ֪ʲô⡣
˵˴ʣ˽ƵĴߡ
Ѿ˹úˮ۹⿴㣬ǿСģ㿴һľġ


554 ²
㰲ο˽ƺһᣬλ˰˯ȥ
2֮оʴ½ǰ̡
ɳ˴Ӫ񿪷ǲͣıۣܿڿھͿʼһʮԱ󽫸սԼ±Ӫӿ
ǽ˾Ӫоʣ֮󣬰Ʒζ롣
˴ʸվһǴӺӪ˳оʡ
֮󣬸һ򵹣ʩ
ƽ
վ֮㿴˵ҹоʣܵαɳ˵Ϯǿ֪
µڽϵʱʵѾõ̽Ļرֻʱûдǲ˽Գ
Ҳû±ߵڽ˵һŭ˵αѾ;ĩ·ţǿ벻̡
Խ
ĩڡԽԽڶ㹰ʩ
ǧ׷αҪˣҪʬ
ĩ
ԽǰһӹݹȻͱת뿪оʣܿľͷɳ˴ӪֱϷĵ·׷ȥˡ
ʵǵôˣ
ΪӵϽĳȭ˵˧ѾƽеĲеѾ塣
ǵ˫ʧж٣
˧Ҿڴһսʧǧˣսһǧˣ󲿷ֶһθոļ±ϱʧҪСöֻ࣬ٶˡ
ʧֳĳһһʧ࣬Ҳһҡ
ǵоһô
˧αѾܶѾ䵽˸Ƿ²Ҳˣټսһ࣬αѾʧ
һˣӦĴո
һǷ²ЩоôãҪ֪Ͼ죬ÿ춼ҪԷģ͢ڲ׽⣬ûôǮЩˡ
˵Щ²Ǹô죿Ƿ˻ɱˣ
µڽ֮࿴˿ĬǶ¶
ΪǷ˻ɱˣо޴ڹǿɲ뱳
ûа취ֻǵˡ
ͷһԱ󽫣˵һ˵
㵽ԼЩΣֻվȭ˵˧ĩֻɱ˵ĺá
Ŷѵ˵
˧ںϾαĴݲѾˣʹոϣҲûôӣ͢һ߸˵ˣάǵľѾոˣ²Ϊ˵ľ
һҪٰǷŻصҰ֮УҲЩΪ˿ڳԵĻռɽΪʱϾֲ̫ƽˣһݽնݳ
飬ĵ˵ͷڽЩ²һɱķҲ⵽͢ǵļɵ
㷭һ룬Լ»ų꣬ΪԹɱꡣ
ΪѵʱͻȻߴһŮ
кѣһһЩЩʱǾˡ
仰ոյһ䣬ƾʹ߿˽
㿴ʣϽվӭ֮Լ˧Ը׼һӡ
ƻоʣȻǸĿ±߿˿¶һ˿м
֮Ž˵˵Ҫ˽ǲЩòʧ
ʵҲ£ڽѾԼˣǮҲԼ֮˵Ļֲûˮһա
͵͵ʹһɫȻ˵ͥÿһ˶ǼͥĶǽɱˣͥҪƲˣʱôǸô죿
˵仰֮󣬽ƻ±ߵڽ˿Щڽͽ۾һԱĵͷ
ͽȻദʱ䲻ǶԸǷǳ˽ģλ˿ɴûĴͻȻΪЩ˵ļͥģԵʣڲʡ
Ȼ˴󷢴ȱôҲͲ˵ʲôˣʱһӪɷͳ죬ǾͲҪˡ
µڽĽһһͲñɱˡ
ã¾͵ˣҾʹо뿪ǣȲи
ڽĻԱȭ֣ͷ˳оʡ
ڽ뿪֮վĽԣļʵˣ㵽ʲô˼
¶һ˿΢ЦֲԼĸȻ˵๫ҲΪĽ롣
Ŷ˵һ˵
ĿһۣȻŵ˵Թ๫ƽµңֻǷ֮䣬ȵ˹ɵһ죬ָζԴ๫
ƵķʣҲһ
ǰûⷽ飬ھһѣεĺڰ
ڵλĹŴʵ۴ɱǱȱȽǣѾһֹɡ
λ棬ʵҲӦòס
ĻԼҪһ°׼·ˡ
ȻԼͨҲ»ʵ۵ôԼϾмˡ
뵽ʱ㲻ԱߵĽƣȻѾ¶ľִˡ
Ƿ˵˼ǰԼĸԱ㽫
Ƽ㷴Ӧˣĵ˵ͷȻ˵ﹻڽս֮У๫Ӧüշ²ȻҽȫԼ£ʱ򹦳ɣ๫ֵ±㣬ǻʵҲ̫
ã¾Ͱ˵İ죬˾ͽͳ졣
˵仰֮۹
ͬԼҲһ¶˷ܵ΢ЦͬʱһԼĸ
ڵ죬ŽƴԼױͽ˷²Ӫ
Ȼ㽫ڷ²ټ˵һЩοĻЩ²ƽ
ΪЩ˿α췴ôһǺ³͢ԭ£ȫЩ˻Ĵô
оĴ˧˷²ӪοǣǱ֤ɱһˣ֤ǵ˽вƲȫ
÷²ӪеǸж£Ҳʼоɳ羴
͸ýƳˣ˽ԼݣķˣžӽԺ²Ӫơ
ڷ²ڽƵĵǷǳӭģΪǸŮӦñȽ˿ŷ²ӪǵҲùһЩ
ƾͲ֪ðһ£Щ˸ź˴Ӫ֮Ϳʼæˣеķ²ͳһˡ
ĴӪľһ߿£ƵĿҲﵽˡ
һЩǣ¾ȻһЩЩ˵ĹȻֻһʱͷֱͳ˸µĲӣֻ²Ӫܹǿսˡ


555 Ļ
ʲôˣڹĶй˶ģɫѾˡ
ôˣƲû˵ʲô
ùе̴Ӷ˳ȥ֮󣬽ԣһַֻĸ첲˵๫ôˣҿЩ¡
Ĭ˺ܾãȻ̧ͷŽ˵ߵЩô£
΢΢һЦԣͷļ֮˵Щ˵͸ҿԸ㣬һжΪ㣬ǽĺӡ
˵⻰ʱ򣬽Ƶ־һԼĶӡ
Ҳһ㶣Ȼʲôһϲرס˽ƣȻظĸ˵ʲôʱ¶ôң
Ҳǰոշֵģҿ⼸ľԾûиҡ
ʲôң˵ĺϢ
˵仰֮ͽƽı˻УղŵĲɢˡ
ֻ֪ʱѹȥԼûʲôжĻһҡ
Դ˽ƲģѾ¶ĽЩֵµȫ㣬ӴٺЩ硣
ʱױ׼Žһǡ
ǽȴܾ㣬ɾոսӹսӪﻹЩҪʱܽ⣬ȵϵʱԷ
ԴҲûֻ֣Ǹ߽ƲҪڵۣ塣
žʹױ˴Ӫֱȥˡ
֮󣬽֣ȻݺСĵĽ˴ʡ
ˣʲôԸ
ǽнлҪ˵
ݺϽĴӦһת뿪˴ʡ
һ߰Ա󽫱˽
Щһʾ͹ڵأϹ֣ĩȼĸ
ģЩҲһ˵ǼסӽԺûʲôĸֻˡ
±ߵĽǻ࿴˿ٴι֡
ĩȼˡ
ϲһЩЦݣ˻վ
һνлҪԸ
µڽƵĻҪٴιƻָסˡ
Լˣ˶񡣡
˵仰֮󣬽Ʊ˳˼ĴҲѻȸ
˺һƲ̧ͷ˵ӽԺǲңҲټǡ
еһĽЩˡ
ˣĪҲҪ𣿡˵仰֮ȻʼȦͨ죬Ҫһ
ļԱҲһ
Ҫ˵Ƕǽѵͼµġ
ǴСʱǹ¶һмڽԳ󣬿˵ѾѽƵԼĸˡ
ĸҪӣβ̿֡
ȴЦЦ˵˵ʲô˼Ц
˵仰ƴλվߵЩ˵ǰһǵļ֮˵ǶǺúӡô㣬ֻұϾѾˣҪƿؾȨ๫вԲҪǼ
˵ʱ򣬽Щ꣬Ͼƿصġ
ˣѵԺҲϵ𣿡
һ۾ȻԼĶӣǴ΢Ц˵ǵСʦܺܿͻȵһ죬Ҳõǡ
µڽƵĻҲʲôǾͶһĬˡ
Ƿģӽֻ֮ҪСİ£һ๫ǰԵģȵɣݽڻ¡
±ߵڽ⻰ûжٸˣǴСǷӽƵѾѽƵǵ֧ҲͰϰߵͷǡ
Ҳٶ˵ʲôǳȥپӡ
ȵЩ˶֮󣬽ƵѾݺǰ˵ҪȨĻһԺү»ô죿
¶һ˿Ц֮ҲЩԳЩһǻ˼㻹Ǵһѽ
Ƿ͸ӦЩˡڽưԼеĵȫ㣬оЩ˼飬ɲԭȵķĸ
ȴػص⼸췴Ǵ˷һγɹˣ
Ҳݺش𣬾ͽ˵ΪʲôΪЩǾ̫ǿǸûκεĻᡣ
˵Ľƣ¶ǻ۵Ĺâ
һҾҪ辶ǵڲΪǵӣǲòҵʱܹ²Ⱥڵ
ݺƵĻҲ¶˾ı飬ԭĸһҪǻ
˵˵ױ˿£λѾȺˡ
Ϊӵԣʩ
˧ڵĲежѾ壬ĳǳأƿǵУ˧ǡ
㲢ûлشֻǵ˵ͷǰϽǰߴ·ܿһȺ˺ƺƵľαǰ
Ѿһ岽һڣαΧʵʵ
˧αѾڳˣ˧ڰЪ
㿴˿ΰ׳Ȼҡҡͷ˵طɲסģԱһԺҰЪǡ
Ļ۾һ΢̣ʮָˡ
Ҳоûпı飬ȴ֪Ѿһж
ϽڻʹԱһլӣΪʱ
լеĴ֮ټڽô졣
ΪĴӣȻȿڡ
˧ڿαѾӶݣѾɲӦøϽۣɹԱտǡ
Ļ˵ͷȻ±ʵǻʲô˵ûУ
Ļ䣬λƿԽڶ˵˧һǹ򿪷ʧСӦøǶʹͣĻҰھ
µλƿĻһ֮󲿷ֶͬƿĻ
ԭһγ͢տʼʱûиηѣʱλʵǼûҪʲôֻǰѴӪ֮нʣȫ˳㼯
Ѿʤˣ͢ӦøЩǰĶϣȻĻҲϱѽϾǼĴǾǮҲôˡ
⻰˵͢Ҳѽ
ʱȴ˵ƽ⻰˵Ĳףһǹռ⣬ɻЩǮֲǰľãα͢Ҫ
仰ȴͱѣԭճ͢Ǳ򣬽սϵĽɻǹԼԼµʿС
ڵ˼ȴЩǰЩǮǰľãⲻҪЩĸ
ȻǴ˧ͽܣҲſڿѽ
ǾǣֵµĶǿذԴڿϣսòǮҪջȥѵ뿴Щ˻𣿡
㻹̫С֪ʣҪǶ˵˭ﳯ̡͢


556 Ӱ
ְ±ߵ˵ı鶼Ȼɫȴǳĸˡ
Ȼ˵ԼĴӣǲ֪ʲôʱѾʼԼˡ
Ҫƿشټʱͽ˵һϰѾһЩʵʵ뷨
⵹Ҫִ£ԼĸܿľҪ뿪硣
ִλԼѾӴͲƲӦÿƽĿֵĹһ
ԼȻ˵Ϊʦʵûʲôǽ˺ӣôӽô죬Լ׵ҪһƬҵܹ֡
ΪڰȨñǰҪ࣬Ѿܹ̱ԼľзԼȨ
Ѿİжд̡
ΪǳףΪܳĻԶվԼһģΪ뵽ľҪάִܳȶΪʦս
˺ˣֻûо飬˵һЩĻҲҪϡ
⻰ǸѣʵѾܵС
û˼ΪΪ˵أмؿһۣȻ߷ߵصڽһ£ͱ˻˰ڡ
Ϊӵؽ䣬ϱӣ۾ȴһ£¶˼ı顣
ȴЩ˵ĹĶǣվ±˵еǣʵ۲һδƯ͢Ӧòݣ
˵仰֮Աߵ˵Ϊһۣ͢ݣ볯͢ݾã
˧ǲٵȼ͢ݵ飿
Ϊʲô
ش˧Խǰȥ׷αҲ֪ǲȡ˶ԷͷŵȷеĻظٸ͢ݲ١
һ£Ȼ˵ɣ¿ôôܹӣӦ͢౨α飬һʱһˡ

˵ʦȻǰһϣ˿ΪȻ̫ƽ
ϸĵ˾ͻ֣ᷢĳʳ۸Ѿǰɡ
ʱͻȻ֮ڴ֮϶һ֮һЩߺȡ
˰Ӽ漡
˰Ӽ漡
⺰ڴϵ˲ԣȻĿԶ̽
۷׷ס
˵ϸ磬ǲǱαռѵһس͢ˣ
ҿҲǺ£һǾǵӦýһˡ
õãûˣ°һղ̫ƽϰվûһӹ
Ҳ̫ˣûʦֻǼͰҪٹ»µķȫʰˣ
ҲϣʦϿƽҰɣҪȻϰյӿûȥˡ
˵⻰ʱƥһȺܿľ糯ǰ
Ȼʹ
˰ӼǼ
仰ǰ赲־Ͻİѵ·ÿ
Ȼмʮ־ʣˣⱨŵʿһͬȥ
ڵŵʱȴҲȥˣһ̫ǰȥӹʿݹͲϸĿ˿ϱߵķᲢûƻ
±ߵ̫లʿԱϢԼͲֱӾڹȥ
ʱ˳»ʵǬ幬зء
ԭɽİһʱ乥ԵأѾռ˺ôһƬطҪسǳأڼϳɾһ䵽Էˡ
˳»ʵ۾ͲˣôţƤһͣճų͢˦˦ˡ
˳»ʵԱߵǸ̫һ͵˳»ʵ۵ֱߣȻ˵ֻСܹҡ͢ģЩֵ֧ĸ·
ѵ֪𣿿ڳ͢µͨ·Ϻɽӣʱϵô͵ǣû˽˵ʳҲҪˡ
̫Ȼ֪ôأֻϣʦһ㽫αˣʱܴͨһϵͨ
ʱһ̫ײײ˽
˳»ʵԵ̫Ҫ𣬵µ̫ȴһͲغ˰Ӽݡ
˳»ʵһ⻰ղŵĲһɨգҲñˣԼڵף̫ԣ־ͽӹͲ
֮ɨһͲϵķᣬȻϴͲȡһݾ顣
֮ϵЦݾҲֹסˡ
ʦб£Ŷʱѽαͱɨƽˡ
˵֮еݵ̫С
̫࿴ֻ֮Цһ£Ȼأ
үͨ󣬶ͨɣնɴȺҲȲ
˵Ĳ˵˳»ʵۣ̫ĻϾͱüͷһ£ԽԽòԾ
նɴȺֻԼͨ󣬿һЩ͸ڳ͢кŸɣһȲ󹬡
ڵ㿴ͨѾնɴȺƿżȥ˾Ӻ󹬣һȫʬˡ
֮ƣ°嵴Ҫǲ㣬ø졣
ȫһ޽ѭô¶ûк³
˳»ʵΪѣ֪ýôʱ̫ȴ˵ˡ
ү£ΪӣЩģΪô
˳»ʵ֮۾һһԼơ
ãּ޵ΪʼҼڸ߽Ȼɡ
үӢ
˳»ʵ۶Լİ취Ҳǳ⣬ӣ˵ʦһȷʵ˴󹦣ǲй͡ɣҵּӹ֮вʮ͸ʦ
˳»ʵȻǶǼԼʮԱ󽫣ȴһͭǮû
ǸղŻıߵ̫࣬˳»ʵ۵Ļûпһ̾Աߵִ̫࣬Ͽּ
ܿһʥּд֮õ˳»ʵǰ˳»ʵƳһ֮󣬾͸С
дʥּ֮˳»ʵ˳üͷһ˵ں̫ƽˣɽжϻûƽϢСӣ̣ðҸȼ
̫֮üͷһ£Ȼ˵Сڱ·һ·ɽͺϱ߾һ·ڼϳǸҪ뷢»һʱ׼
˳»ʵһҲȻҪ̣һҪȫԸֱ²ܵóѣдΣա
ãǾ͸ް£׼ݡ
̫֮˵ͷϽĳȥһС̫ഫһ仰


557 ƾ
˵У⼸Ѿʼ
еİ֪һǹʦ㣬ҿǶģԳлƽûгʲôҵĳ档
Ψһ鷳ľսԭ򣬿Щ˾ۼڳǽ£ÿﶼ˶
Ȼǲܲܣֵµޣ޷֧Ӧô˵ĳԺȣ⼸Ƿղѡ
һƶһ࣬ߵ鷿֮С
๫ాˣôԵ
㿴ǹһۣȻҡҡͷ˵µİûгԣÿﲻ֪ж˶ǰɽ亣ζηﵨǰҲԲ¡
΢΢һЦȻԱģ˵๫ʲôõĵģǳڵĸÿһǼᣬǴʳԳʮ꣬ǽһЩ񲻾ˡ
Цһ£ȻشЩԼϻǮ۾գһ£óһǶڸǵ⡣˵ǻóʳ𣿡
ĻɫҲ۾˵๫ǳ֮ʱҪУǳ֮ھʱӦýЩټǿǾ
һ²ûдӦΪЩǣÿһйԱ֧ţԼôɵĻ˿ɾͺȥˡ
Ƽ㣬ԥ֪ҲЩɵЩ˵ʵǾ͸һ⡣
๫㲻صЩ˱
ŶΪʲôѽ
ЦһȻ˵αռݿôʱ䣬ǾȻܹȻ˵Ǻα˹ᣬʱǾˣǱѳ֤͢ݣɱȫҶġ
֮һ£ôһҪʵʩȥԼԺ鷳ɲС
Ƽ㻹ԥЩˣ˵๫ɴߣֱǰ
㿴Žɿˡ
ðɣͰ˵İ죬㴫ȥڽڸеʿ𡣡
ĻɫҲࡣ
ͶˣǲĿеɷ򡣡
˵֮󣬽Ʊվһ򸣣˳ȥȥˡ
㿴Ž뿪Ӱﲻ֪ʲô
ڵϾʱסĸ֮ۡУڴǴϯ
һѳ΢ĸѾˡ
ЩеĸǣǵĿĻ֪
һԲǰĽͷӶҪеԭ
ʱͻȻһ˺ʦݵ
һеˣϽվֳᣬ
ûж೤򣬾ͼһ˴һĸ߽
м˱ضˣԱߵλҲΪıߵĽơ
λˣھеĴԷǳĶ࣬󲿷ֶ˵Ƕı˳ᢣͷһλҡ
Ž߽֮У﹧ֻĵ˵ͷת˼ϯǸǰ¡

֮󣬶վŵڸЦ˵ҿϯ
ЩʿǵĻŸսսϯԡ
ȶһƣȻ˵һƽң뿪⣬λ֧֣ﾴλһ
˵֮ͽеˮһȻһӡ
±Щǣ˾ƣҲϽһ
ں֮ɫͱ±ߵλ˵λѾ֪ˣڿЩʳÿ춼жˡҾޣ޷ȼá
˵ʱ㽫еľƱֱӵϡ
ॡһ죬žĲЩŵĸ̶оһ顣
Щ˻࿴˿Ѿ֪һǴˣôĳЩѪˣȻĻһء
һվϹȭ
ʦеƥ𣬼Ȼʳţô²ӣҾʮʳ˵֮ȥ
һæǰее嵣
һ͸100ൣʳ
㿴ЩӻԾľ¶һ˿Ц
ǵʱȻҪŪԼȻ͹ֲԼˡ
˹Ĺ֣ȻЦ˵лλӻԾ֧֣ĳлˡ
ҲңҵӦġ
ʦ˿ˡ
µڸҲϽվ˵ŻظĻ
ǽͻȻɫһ˵һαռݿ⣬еĳЩ˾Ȼͳ͢ԣǿ֪˭
һ仰ȥ±ߵĸɫ࣬Ŷʼ
ԭЩܹαռݿôʱ䣬ȻôжȻвɸ˵ܡ
Щڳ͢жк̨ģҲΪ㲻ҿӣû뵽㾹Ȼôˣֱӡ
Ӿϯǰվת˼ȦͻȻߵһ̵ļ˵ϰ壬˵ĵʱöǲѽ
һλϰֱӾŵùڵأͣͷ
ʦүʦү
ĿŹԼǰϰ塣
ǰչЩαĳ͢ľеʱôŽôһ졣
ԭλϰһ̵ˣʵле˽
һλɻ೯͢Щ̭ĶαòˣԾһԵλϰ塣
̫ƽ£λϰҲչô¶ֻҪת־ܵõ
ΪλϰҧȫյУ͵ʱƽһô׬ȡۡ
û뵽ô˱ֱӵͱ˳Ҫ֪κεʱ˽еǶҪġ
İǿҲûпȻߺˡ
žʹߴˣĸıеľʿ
˧кηԸ
ĳ£˽ļҸҳˡ
ʿǰץϰ˳ȥ
ĸ̿оˣһҪѪˣĻλʦĹء
ҪҲԺ飬Ŀǰ˵ȱסҪ
һͻȻվľһȻ˵ʦ໴ĺгʳвҾ3000Աи䡣
֮΢΢һЦߵ˸̵ǰļ
ĹҼˡ
˵֮󻹶ЦЦ̼㲢ûм׷ԭȵ飬һ
˿ﲻ֪øʲôǷ׷վ
ûһ߾յ˽2򵣵ʳͬʱ


558 
ϵʱ򣬽ƶһЩ߽鷿
๫ˣóԷˡ
ǽˣϽķе飬վŽƽ˷źãȻ˲Կʼ͡
һ߳ŷһʵǲǿೡˣ
ţѾݺ飬Ͼڳǽ¿ೡǿԾͽȡʳ
һȻ˵ʱȶͺãǽЩôţܲһֱǰɣ
ʲôõĵģսңڿܱ֮أͰЩЩ֮ϸ֣ˡ
ȴüǽЩ޳ĸЩҲٹ꣬ЩֻᱻЩԸֵߣȻһС
㿴вУЩȻǳ͢УȻЩǣǸ֣ÿ곯͢ɵʳ
֮һ£ȻĵĽ忿ϣĶ˵Щعڳ͢£󻹲֪˵˭罫ع๫£ʱҲȡᣬЩҲܹõϡ
֮оһ
˵еҪЩɲСŴһʷǳĲƸˡ
ԼҪЩǮƣԼĺҲҪЩ֮
뵽ʱ㲻Ŀ˿ƵĸȻҧ˵Ͱ˵İ죬Ը𣬲Ҫñ˲롣
ĵ˵ͷҲǷǳĸˡ
ڿ⸽񣬿ʼ½½򿪷⸽ĵǨơ
£Ȼ֪ʲôʱ˼Ķ
Щضֵ壬Щ֡
ڼڵԭһʳǸϲˣЩֻܹǿÿ㷢ŵģԺڵʳŬʰԼ¼԰֮ʳֵ龰
㰲ʱԽһߣǸ㴫Ϣ
׷˼һɽάһȺ˸סˡ
־αȻǰδеսһ˳ǹȻڴ֮سɱԽҲֵס
ۿžҪɱ͸ΧԽûа취Ҳ׽ˣֱӾһҼŽλͽɱˡ
ڽӵ֮ǳ׵ķˣһαȫƽϢˣҲǹɡ
ָϽдһۣȻ800Ӽ͵ȥ
۸ոյߣڶ죬ּ̫͢˿ǡ
ڽӵϢ֮󣬴ڽ̺ͼ߽ʮӭ̫࣬⵹̫ƨҪΪּ̫ǻϣôΪ˱ʾԻʵ۵ء
ּ̫࣬ǰҲڻԵĺˣǸʱֱһ΢ܳҵķʿҪϹϵǻûô
һȴͬˣǵĹʦһͳ˧̫Լ棬ȵ
ֵֻĵ˵ͷȻ˽̫
ֺ̫࣬ԵǸ߽˸к
ȻǱת˿ڡ
ȵһ˽˿ǣ˳Ŵĸۡǰȥʱ·α
λ̫΢סͷ˵ʦѵα𣿡
б۵ĿһΰȻ˵ͷ
滨Ĳ޽
̫۾˸һ£ȻЦ˵Ȼ滨ѣ֬˵޽ģͲܻķţʦסȥ
̫Ļɫ´һ̫࣬Ȼ˵Ǻˣҽ˴治֮ԣѵ֪𣿡
̫ˣŷӦղ˵ЩˣǸϽ㹰ֵǸ
ͻˣͻˣʦˣʦ˲С˹֣Ĺһء
ֻĵ˵ͷҲͲȵԼլԺȥ
̫ķӦûЩ˵Ӹ
߽ǰһĻҡҡͷ̫̽ʵ̫ˡ
߽Դľ֮󣬼һԲǶеȴָơ
Ϊ߽һԴԤ£ݵĻҸɣսϡս
ܿľ㣬ס֮С
֮󣬷ִ֮Ѿ˽ּ㰸
̫Ҳֱӵľ㰸֮󣬽ϱŵʥּȡȻ߸ߵйͷ
ʦּ
֮󣬸Ͻǰһĵͷ
Ǹ̫࿴㾹Ȼûйڵأüͷһ壬ʲôҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
ʹʥּ
ʥּĴ˼ǣһα֮ң߸Դ5һصʹ͡
ھʿĽȴһֶûᡣ
Щƣʵô£ѵ֪ͳεĸЩײʿ˼һƴƴĳôȻһֶᡣ
ǻûеѯʣֿ̫ˣͺûϵˣǷĴͽΪͬʱΪеļ㹲ִͬƴǰμ߽ؾְ
о¶˲֮ɫȫλ˳»ʵҪԼıȨ
Ȼ㲻ЩȨĶ٣ǺôһԼҲǰƽңҸһƽ˳»ʵ۾Ϳʼжĥɱ¿ˡ
λʵҲһ³ÿһطжѵӽԺͲԼ
뵽ʱ㻹ЩĻ䡣
λּ̫ӵ²ߣҲͲˡ
λ̫Ǹͣƨҵ飬סα֮Уǿˡ
ǳѽղ·ϵʱ̫໹̽벻סأһ̬ͽ˫͸
ڻ֪ԼĵλģȻѾΪ˿Ϊ㹲ִͬƴھе˵Ҳ׷㣬û㣬һһ䶼ˡ
ɴľ;ܾ̫Ľ飬㸮ۡԶһ̵լԺ֮УʱİΪ

ϣùڲ֮ǰüչ
ƿӣ¶һ˿΢ЦţһԼ๫Ǻǹʵˡ
๫ʲôǳģ˵
˵⻰ʱ򣬽վֻһַͷϣʼĦ
һȻ˵ҲѽҵľаĶӡ
๫ϵôһ𣿡
˵ͷû뵽һô졣
๫׼ô죿
ô죬һײһӾô£һʵǲңɽ֡
๫ȵһ죬ɽˣҲ޷ʼҵĲ¼ɡ
֮ͷһ룬ȻȵǸʱ򣬿¾ԼȨҲ޷ûʵ۲ɣȻӲɱ֮
ԼͨǻϾҪҪԼҲûôס


559 Ұ
Ļָ΢΢Ķһ£ܿľͻָ
๫ôۣ˵䲻Ļ
ʲô˵Ƿ֮仹ʲôġ
֯һԼԣȻͷĶ˵ֺ
仰͵ľһȻһػͷŽƣУһֱΪƾЩС˼û뵽Ȼ󵨣ϵű
๫һ룬ƾͨǹɽ֣ǹʵҲûʲô취ǵĺǵĺô죿ѵҲƧ֮УÿŴֲ赭ôһ
͵վ鷿֮˼ͻȻĻعͷŽ˵㵽ʲô
ƿܻӣЦһЦȻ߹ȥ
๫Щڻ˵ҿԸ㣬Ҿһ˿һ˺顣
Ȼǲ֪⻰Ǽ٣Ѿ˵ɵļ£һ˿ϵ
һ˿ϵ֪ǰĽƣ˵Ƿθ֮ԡ
΢һЩģȻȫŽƣʱ˫ܹల¡

ʱƣܿľ͹£һҲ½˷
͢ĸԱ½ӹ˺Ͼڵ񣬶ڳ˾ȨҲٹˡ
ı֣΢һЩԵҲʼĲţһǷҲ½ز
ʱҪѵӣԼǿԼھе
رķ²ɵ¾
ЩȫɽĽƵģͽԼǰĽͲ岻֡
ΪԽͺԼ㼸εıԹϣЩӴɢУԱ㲹սʧ
һֱӾͽǾܾˣɾЩ˺Ƿսп»ܵżһ
ľѾֳŻһԺԽΪ׵ľɾ
һͽܵͳ2ˡ
һ±4²ɵľӡ
ոʱɽսȴ˼ı仯
˽10ˣ¿ʼΧ˰̡
һذ̱һλҪ֣ڼϳǸս˽һµʱ䣬˫ʧء
սĽУ̾ȻܹõԴԴϵĲ䣬ʱƣսȻԽԽǿ
һߣȻ˵Ǵ˼ʤ̣µʿȴʼƣѾɹתء
˽ڵʱѾֻв6ˣұ̼ʮŵΧڼϳڣѾǽ첻Ӧеصز顣
Ҳ֮£͢òٴδּԮ
ڽּ֮Ҳҵʱµľӿʼ٣ʱ׼

һĸ֮ۡУҲöѾͽ׼ҡ
ЩƣȻҪλ֣Ȼ±ߵѾǰʰ
ȻҪʰԼĶǶҪʹȴҪԶ֡
⵹ûѾߣǽƶԶ֣Ӳˡ
ڵƹ֮¿ŽƣæǰæҲ¶һ˿΢Ц
Ƹ׼߰Ҫ·׼ȫ
ʰ֮󣬽̧ͷһֻЦء
ҡҡͷվ£Ȼ۾˵๫׼뿪𣿡
һ£Ȼ˵ǻô죿
๫ûУһһ뿪⣬ںϾڵͻᱻ͢һɨգʱһγΪ޸֮磬һһж̳͢
üͷһվ˼ȦȻͻȻ˵ĻҿºܿľͻʧȥԾӵľԿȨ
Ͼû˸ݵ֮Щӵãڳ͢һ͢ˣôЩãܿͻһɢɳ
ɲϣġ
ڶԾӵĿԽԽˣҪһһ䣬Ҫ
Ҳһܵ뷨ŽЩԼľԿ֮£ܸоһ˿ȫ
֮Ҹ£
վߵԣ۾˵еСǾӣ޶ɷ򡣻ʹɳӽӹĺϡ
ƣ⻰һôĻǼ췴Ҳûʲôˡ
ɲɣô˵Ҳǳ͢Ĺʦôдı֮£
๫Ⲣı棬ֻԱƾʵʲô飬ֻҪǲң͢Ҳˡ
㲢û̵ľʹӦվ۾컨壬Ҳ֪ʲô
˺һ˵¿԰죬ǰ֮ȻҪɽҲǸ͢һ
۾ﶼЦݣõģһж๫ġ
ҲǴ΢Цڽһ¡
㻹Ͽȥ
ĻϽĸһ򸣣Ȼͳ鷿
鷿ֻʣһ˵ʱϵЦѾˣ֮жɭ
˵ƺܿľͰȥ¾Ҳʼ
ϵʱ򣬳͢ĺѲԼ֪ͱˡ
ţľϴȥ
ֻʱ䣬ѾȫĿϵľȨ
ʱ򣬳֪͢Ѿ˰״̬Ȼǲͣ㷢ߴٽ
ЩʯһûϢ˳֪͢Щͷˡ
̫ɳ̽ӣͿʼ͸
£ôҲ޷ιȥ˺ܿ˳»ʵ۾͵õ±ߵ˵Ѿ˳͢ɳĺϹԱѺϵľȨԼС
һ˳»ʵֱӾըˡ
ҳӣ޶ɲû뵽ڱͱһ
žһƵֽϱȥ
վڻʵԵǸ̫࣬ҲΪһˣû뵽һ
飬˵Ǹô죿
Ǹ̫һ£Ȼ˵ү¶Ÿɵĸ˶Ѿ˳ܹõǳ٣˵ֵܹסЩɵֻˡʱֻܺίߣʱסȵƽյʱʰ١
˳»ʵ֮ǿذŭһ£Ȼ˵ҲǸ취ĵʿ͸ŸɵĸܾˣǾٺòˡ
̫֮۾һ£Ȼ˵үҲǲܡ
Ŷʲô뷨˵˵
үı¿˵£Ƕͥؼʱ̣ǸŸѾ㵱жд̣һһɵֵס㣬ΪǷͥһȰʰˡ


560 ì
˳»ʵ̫Ļͷ֮ҡͷ˵̫ˣ˭֪ʲô˼һͻȻǷĶ֮У˵ѩϼ˪𣿡
ү֮Ǹô죿
˳»ʵ۾˼£ͻȻһվ˵ֵµ˰Ϣȥ˵裬Ѿ˳á
̫֮Ҳǽŵ˵ͷȻ˵үһǸߣЩŸɵĸ˾ǲȫϢҲӽ㣬ɷͥĵһϰ
˳»ʵӣȻڱ֮ϡ
ȥҵϵ㿴ܴܲڲ߽Ҫʱ䡣
̫֮оһ㶣ȻЩɵ˵ү᲻̫ðˣҪʲôץסһӲ
˳»ʵν˵һ壬ǳ֮ã£ڴ˵Ҳûʲô
˵仰֮˳»ʵһ£Ȼӻȡһ壬ݵһԵ̫С
㽫͸˵޶ĳŵ
̫˫ֽӹ壬Ҳ˳»ʵ۵˼
ģܹĵΪϰ¡
µĶעҲ̫ˣҪ֪ɲǷȻʵ۴͸˳»ʵΪ̫ӵ
˳»ʵ۽ͳȥǰʾҪ³ˣһλʵ۵ļ̳ˡ
˵ˣҪǸ£ܽѹȥôһεĻʵҲʵ顣

˵ڵ㣬⼸æˣûһϢʱ䡣
Ϊų͢ĹԱȫôһʡеͶѹϡ
ļͽҲǹٻ˼ҳСʱҲǿʫ飬Իܹ㡣
⼸ͽҪе飬ҪϵҲЩæǽƼ˼ˣǿϢʱ䡣
Ȼ˵ǿʱϢһˣ粻ֹ
һϣոմɸĹܹԼԺϢһˡ
ɵϣͻȻ֮䴰ͱˡ
Ҫ֪ڵҲЩģȻؿԼĴǰ˵ʲô˵ԷҪȡԼ練ơ
ѹ֮󣬵һӦһžʹӻȡ˵ᦣȻʱ׼
ϸһộʮֵйɡ
һоһȻʲôϽǰȥĽ򿪣žһӰӴ˽
ϴ֮ͷٿӰӣֻȻһĺҹ£ȣǰ͹̣һŮӡ
ʲôˣ˺£ʵ
Ǹ˹ڵأϸ˵ū澷֮ͼ
˵֮˾ʹӻȡһƲСȻ͵ǰ
ӹСһۣȻĴ򿪣ɫˡ
ԭڰһ塣
ⶫǷǳϤģ̫үү͸ԼĻүүΪ̫ӵ
µǺҲ̬ǸϽ˵˵ҲǸֻҪǽ̫ƽһλʵۡ
ǰ壬֮ѾųһĹâ
ǰʱֻһóĻڻʵǰһ͸
˵ڣ˳»ʵ˵ĻҲûһپ䡣
˳»ʵ۾ȻԼôĳŵԼҲǷͬСɡ
ʲô
ǸվߵԣĶߵ˵㷴¶Ҳˡ￴лᣬ䣬ɱ˻߽𡣡
һ
ΪĴӣʱս֪ıµģƾһոŵСʿҪ㣬ǲǳ
е壬һ᲻ã־֡
ǸŮҲԥٴθ⡣
СүǸĴӣӦЩһʱأˣʰо֣ʱĺϻ˵㣿
ͷһ룬Ҳȷʵһ취һԼͲӲˣĿҲֻΪ͢ջغϡ
Ҫǣû˸Ӧûһ͢Ͷϣʱܹ͢ջıȨҲȫȲܹɻүү顣
ãͰ취ȥһԡ˵ͷ
Ǹʱϵĺڲ¶һŹɫԡ
˵һֻĵĻô˾ҩ
ǰɫѾЩˣ֣Ů
Ůֻ΢΢ЦЦٴӣſļϡ
Ҫ֪һѪյĴСӣůô̵ܹˣһӱŮӾ͹˴ϡ
ȴ֪ǽͷ˵ʱһ˫۾ضķ䣬ֱеˣӰʧ

˵ĸ֮ۡУǽƸոոһ鷿֮߳Ѿݺ㼱ٵԣڽƵ˵˼仰
֮۾Щ죬Ȼ˵֪СӲصȻˡ
Ƿòýˣ
ɣô˵Ҳ๫Ĵӣ»Ҫ๫á
˵֮󣬾ͽе͵ݺУת½鷿
ڸոһ飬أŽȥЩ졣
ʲô𣿡
ǽװǳӣСԣ˵үղһѾпķ֮һŮӡ
֮һ㶣ȻЦҡҡͷ˵ҵʲôأҲҵãҲСˣǲҪˡ
ǽȴ˵ǸŮӴһҹ£ǴԺǽԾȥģ͵͵ĴӴϽķ䡣
꾭˵Ļ͵վȻ۾ĶŽơ
˵ģɲҪƭңҪ֪¿ɲС¡
๫ôôƭ㣬ҪڿȥŮӻķûء
ȫŽƵĻˣλ֮ϣһ룬Ȼ˵ұ£κչ
˵ʫ֮վݺݵĶԽ˵˰εĸҼסӽԺһһ㶼Ҽʱ׼Ҳ鿴
Ƶ˵ͷȻʵǽ๫Ͳ֮ϽĽˣʡҹζࡣ
ҡҡͷ̾˿˵ұϾǳ͢ĹʦҲټǻһʦͽ꣬ûΣҵ֮ǰôܹ֡
˵֮İ˰֣ԵôΡ


561 
ںϳ׵ƽ֮мڽսˡ
ѾͶԽȻǻķԡ
ںǵĸһӦһغϣȻǲܹĳ
ĻõڽһϿɡ
ԭҲǳļ򵥣ǰʱֻǳ͢бԵĽ٣ȴͬˣǶĸ
ڵȴѾĺεĿԼС
ΪĸǣЩȻҲõ棬˵լӣ˵أÿҲмĶ
ټϳиΪ̷ǵ´㣬еȫЩǰ޷ġ
ΪǿɲʧȥϵƬΪֻҪǺϻУǾͿԼĸӶŮҲܹٻ
ڽ̬ȷǳ⣬ЩҲǺԼһսˡ
˵ôǿʲôϣ
һ±ߵ˶˵ˣΪҪϣǱþԵĸ
㿴±ߵ˳ĬЦЦ˵ʲô˼ɣҳԡ
ʱվȺеԱߵؽʹ˸ɫ˼ϽĳԼ˵仰
ʱؽȴ۹۱ǣǹۿڣĬ
Ǹѽؽ䣬ôصھȻˣⲻǿ
£ҲܹĿŵؽ䣬ֻǿˡ
˲ˣСһز
Ҫ˵Щ˭ĹϵãǵһҪؽ䣬ڶزˡ
زݹ۾Ҳתת뵽Լĸ˳츮һСڻϵֵأֻεվϱŵ㹰ʩ
˧ĩƼοء
֮΢΢һЦȻʵʲô˵𣿡
ش˧ʦغϳɳأغ󷽵ĺѡ
㲻ÿɷĵ˵ͷҲǸ˵
ʱ±վһˣ˲ˣǺ
˧ĩƼ𡣡
֮ĵͷ֮˵ʱѵЩ±ĿõġһΪǿһЩ
˵֮ҲԱεʹԱߵȥһѱȻ˫йͷ±ߵ˵ڱ˧ΪأϾȨһְѿأΥնࡣ
ϽǰһһͷȻ˫ֽӹǰѱڻУ˵˰С
Ͳˣǰѻ˳ϡ
α˧֮͢ɽְ̣²С˱˧Ϊȷ棬ԽΪӦ汾˧Ϊо̡
һȥµϽıȭ֣ĩȣ˧֮
ãڻȥ׼֮ʦ
˵仰֮ͻɢʡ
λԹ֣˳˰׻á
ȵ˳֮Щ˲ȺĺԼĺ뿪
ʱǰһץסؽ֣Ȼʵô£ղΪʲôʦǰҽԣ
ؽһӾ˦Ȼû˵Ҳ֪ɵôģѵ㿴ʦͲء
֮һˣȻ󲻿ŵ˵ܣľ͸ʦһ·ĹʦΪĸصȻҵΪʣʦô᲻ң
ؽζĿ˿Ȼ˵ҲʲôݣʦôܹȫķĽϽ㡣
˵仰֮ؽ˦ԹԵһ뿪ˡ
һվѾЩɵˣҿԱߵز
ʦ֣϶˵ʦ㣬ôΪȫĸ˧
֮еƺɢһЩ
ѽ˵ʦΪʲôغϣ
ʲôѲµģʦʦֵе¸أʦָսɳΪ俪ء
Ҳ֪ɵôģȻزĻ
˵Ĳʦǰ˵ĿɽӣҲ²ˣʦô᲻ң
˵֮ԵĿ࣬Ȼزļ˵Сӹߣǵе¥Զٷȥ
˵֮ȵȥز¶Ρ
ļ죬Ŀһţͣбŵľڳڱۡ
ڵ˾Ӫ֮У֮󣬴㿪ʼ뿪˾Ӫ򶫱ߵɽȥ

һ죬ɽͺϵĽ紦ɫ磬Ȼڴ˴Ӫկ
ϣź˷ڴ֮дȴĵ뿪оʣһû˵ĵط֮֡
ȻһӰ˽ƵԱߡ
ĸ
ɽǱߵôˣ
طĸҰ˽еĸλͳ죬Ǵ󲿷ֶұԷĸ֮հ
ĵ˵ͷȻѾʼ΢΢¡ĶӣʵСǸСѾͷô˵
΢ͣһ£Ȼɫѿػص˰̽ǽڤ粻飬Ȼĸ
֮Ҳ̾һ
Ӵǰһʲô
ȻСѾԼĸˣôԼҲûбҪ
һ๫Լ԰ʲôĻӦúܿľܽ
ǸʱΪԷһͱԼĸºˡ
ΪԼĺӣС󻼼ˡ
Ϊû˱ȷĸƸ˽̶ͨյĹƻȵĺִµʱֲãֻӡ
Ļ̾ͲԼԼĳˡ
2ĴУһ쿪ʼľǽɽˡ
֮ɳĽӦһһͣ㴫ǰߵϢ
ŵõ鱨ԽԽ࣬ҲЩˣԭȻ̸ˣֻڼϳУԮݡ
֪Ĵɽ֮󣬾ץס˾һͣǲ̽ǰ㴫ţҪٽ
һ汧ԹǷģһֲòߴٴǰ
ľ͵ؼ٣ɿϳǽӽ
ĴԽԽϳǣǰ̵̽Ҳ֪٣ܿľʹ˰̵ĴӪ֮ڡ
ڴӪ֮ڣ̴ְֵС
СԴһǿ׷ɱ֮󣬾һֱԼ٣ֱ͢ʼң»صɽƾǰȺڻܿľһ֧顣
һСɲԭͷĸĴ֮еĸȫնɱطָͨͿڡ
ЩǲòǮƣȫӵϳУԶ׷ɱ
һЩϰǶС֧֣ﵽǰδеĸ߷塣
µЩ̵ʿҲһǰǸӵļᶨڴѾǲҪˡ
͢ЩģֻΪ˳һЩãûа̵Щ־ᶨ
˸տʼܹ֣ʱƣǺܿľͱģɾڲòؼϳǡ


562 ˼
ڰ̵ʿ˵ǶС֧Ϊᶨһˡ
ǰС̵Ľ֪ڰ̵ĺܴһϲѾĸ
ΪѾӸõһЩϢ̵ķĸѾվһߡ
ڷĸЩ̵ĸ߲˵ǾмӣΪЩ̵ĸ߲㼸ǹ¶ⶼǰǷĸС
˷ĸ˵ͺĸҲûʲôˡ
ҪĹͷȻǸĸһվϷ磬ڶСҳϣȻǷںˡ
Сȴ֪صķգ緢ָŴƴĹǣ֮ǰƼϳǣƾżϳǵĸǽݣԿ͢ʱ
һǿӲͷΪϳеĸǶ֪һð̹ƳǳأǿһСȥ
ЩǮڿ˵ǮǮԼļҶСȫɵ˳ǽ֮ϡ
ҿʼڼϳļƽ񣬰سǡ
ı껹ǳĸߣÿһ춼൱ǰһµ룬˱˷ǳӻԾ
ЩǮƴϳǵĳǷҲǼӵȹǰ̾ȻεĹʧء
ֱĴӽϳʮʱǼϳȻҡҡ׹ȴƾһס˰̵ķ
ǰ̵СڽӵѾϳֻ֮εձҷſ˶ԼϳǵİΧ
ҲСļɵΪһΰʱǼʶ硣
Ǹʱ򣬼ǿһ֮˰̣νҲò޹
СһҲòԼȫȻȺݣȵȡϳǲ١
ԦŴĿϳǣҲûнǣֻڼϳӪկͼϳγ֮ơ
ȵĴӪկȣİҲ°źˣ˫ʽ˴սǰƽ
ûʲôŴԼĸֱϳǡ
ڵڽӵµϢʱϽǰӭ㡣
˫һ棬㷢ǰѾԵĲͬˡ
ԭȵﶽȻ˵һֻ֣ɫưȻأͼ۷ڣݣټû˸첲ǴŻ㲻ֱͺҲûʲô
Ͻǰץסʣһֻ֣ʵϴˣôղ㾹Ȼ⸱ģ
εԳҶ԰ĴûնݳµںѾˡ
˵ʱɫһĻҰ
ϽֱۣȻȰο˵ϴ˲ؽ黳һͳǱһһҡҾͲǰ̻ǵΧˡ
ʦԴơĵͷ
ڼϳڵĸ֮ۡУдھ
ϳеĴҲǺܳʱžûзˣóǿͷѹҲйȥһ֡
ȵѾȵĲʱ֮ʹ˸ɫ˱ĵϯ鷿֮С
·ֱžСѾ衣
Ժ˿ڲ裬һԴ˵ʦһǰ˶
Ĵæ͢Щãֻ񡣡
֮һüҪ֪ڳİ̿жʮ֮ڡ
ЩѵһЩǹƾƣҲǺǵġ
ʦҼϳл3ټϸӸ׳ܹҲ4ˣЩ㼯һҲֻǿĺͰ֣ǵȴ޷ʱ֣Ǻã
֮ȴͬˡ
ϴ˹ˣս󾫶࣬ټͨǰȡʤ
Դһƾͨһ˾ͻαĴ֮ԼıѾѵʶ
֪ԼͨѾ˳޷󼰵ĸ߶ȡ
ĻһҲȻںֱһʱ䣬ͨСԭ˽ˡ
ǴӸ洫ϢҲ֪ڵѾվ۷Сһˡ
ƾֻͨҪǶԷûһܺ򿹵ģôоˣҲֵܹס
ãȻǹʦţôͰڿƺͶԷսһ
˵仰ֳĳһ㱧ԹʱұǸСѾͷѹŴ򣬰ұˣʱܹˡ
˵˵֮ˡ
ȵڶϣĴսɳʹߺͳڵһ£Ȼʹľ뿪˾Ӫ˼ϳǰ
Ҳ2Ⱥ㡣
±һһңںϵһγһ
ľΪӦ
ʱСѾߵźϴͻȻһŮ
оѾڴӪпƣָҪǰȥǡ
СԼͷϵİ׷Ȼ˵λǸǰ󡣡
Сһ£̵ĴӪҲʼһԶһеĴӪŶȻڴ֮ǰп͡
СŰűڼʮԱ󽫵Ļ֮£ǰ
ȵСǰִƣֻλ֮ϣһϱŵĲˣĳ㡣
ʱƣСԱǰҪᶨ࣬һؼ㣬ûϵĺɱ΢΢һЦҵ˵мǸǱĳˣ̵ĴУǴܳĹʦ㡣
ڽ仰жЩ¡
Ҫ֪ڵѾ˴ϱһ֮ƾͨܵһΰ̵Ľ壬ھ֮дսһιʦնɴȺƾͨȡ˿⡣
ЩֵܹģЩһ۾תתҿǰӰֻҪǿһͻᱻһ
СֵµڽȴųҲû֣ȷʵȷʵλǿļ֮һˡ
Ѿ˶Ըĺ֣Լٴμ㣬Ҳĵġ
ʱѾпݣԱߵ˵˼仰ȻʹżԱ󽫴ǰеָỤ̋һ̵ĽС㻹ʶĳҷ񣿡
ǰ̽С΢΢һЦҲˣֻԵļѾΪűȻʹ߶ǰʮ֮ء
ֻ΢΢һЦȻŶ㹰Ĺ֡
ʦղһɺã
㿴ŶЦӯӯСü
Ҫ˵ԼС˵ǳƺڵСԼʱ򣬾ȻܹЦӯӯģɼѾﵽһĳ̶ȣӦʲôƣֵܹסԼĻ̹Ȼ


563 
ֻСǰ˴룬ָ˵ʿҴ
СĽȻǲ֮ҲǰǰھС100׵ĵطͣ㡣
СѾͷͦģڻţһΪҪɽ֮УҲҳˣû뵽㵨ô󣬾Ȼٴηҡ
СĳЦ΢΢һЦȻ˵ʿѪûбôܹǰǾͼߵͣ۸̳
˵֮С͵ĴصԼǰ֮ԱߵһԱʾһ£Ա̴ǰеֱ㡣
㿴Աûǰ佻սתͷСŻصԼǰ
ʱԱѾӽһߵľˡ
ʱµĸԽŸǹǰ˵˧СԸȡԷ
˵ͷȻСģɴ⡣
Խ˻еĸǹȻں˵Ҳ޷
˵֮󣬾ʹǰסԱȥ·
Ա̵С˳ָǹסԼеסսһֳ⵶һָŶԷȵǺˣĳҵ²֮
СˣĳԪ˧´󽫣ԽҲ
˵֮ԽͲڴ𻰣ͦеĸǹֱԱСš
СٶҲǰһ㺮ֱţæ⵶ڵ
ֻһһȻһ
ԱĶ˼סƥȻĿ˿Է
ǰɲǽѵģ˽˸ٵǹսһ
Ҫ˵ԽµĵһԱ󽫣ֻǹ趯ǰγһĺ⣬һǲͣСȥ
ǸСȻ˵ڰҲһԽɳ罫Ҳֵæңֻ趯Լ⵶ҵڵȴûл֮
˫ս20غϣС֧Ųס֪Ҫٴȥǣǳһ򲦿˶Էĸǹߡ
ԽͷϣôСѣ˴߶С׷ȥ
㿴֪ãҪ֪ǰ̵һͷ˶һַ
ԷȻǰˣǱͻʲôɱУԽȥ׷ֱͶ
ȻֻС۽ǵԽ׷㣬Խ׷
ԽȻçײҲɵӣԷٶȷоһҲŷ㣬ҪͶԷ׷
ǵѾˣֻǸСͻȻӳһ
Ǹһ⣬ֱԽͷ­
ԽֻǰһǶѾǰ
ԽΪԼʱͻȻ֮һ춯
ǵǱʲôסˣԽҲϸĹƣǲתͷֱӾԼȥ
ǸСҲͷǰֻԼķǵѾһѱķɡ
ǰѽֻǰһȦصС
СæǰӵϼԼıһԼǵѾĳһӣҿޣӦǷˡ
ɰԱСۻˣҪ֪ѱǽԴģԴսƾѱû뵽ڽⱦȻԷơ
С۵ʱͻȻ䣬һ߷ɳһƥ
϶һԱŮˣʦöѾ
ԭѾԽܱԷƾ֮Ǵǰս
һ£Ҳͬ˶Ѿս˶ѾֱС龰
ǸСأŮѾоһŭֻ⵶ɷ˵ֱѾ
һСҲûʶѾ⵶һѩƬŶѾϯȥ
ѾھӪʱ䣬ҲǸӪеĴСĽѧ˼ֵ
ЩǹͷСֻмܲס
Ѿǻأôܹǰʧ棬ֻһʱͻȻĴӻȡһѼ֮͵ľСȥ
뿪˶Ѿֳ֣̾һĽ⣬ڰлͷǸС˹ȥ
ǸСȻ˵ЩǷԶѾļȴʩֻȫĽ⵶ڵҪƾ⵶סǷ
⵶ôܵסֻһ⵶ͱʳΣŷûֱͣӾͰСҲǽʳ˼Ƭ֮ˤ
Ѿڵʤ֮󣬻ͷ¶һ˿΢Ц;һķڡ
ѾҪӵģôǰϽǿеı죬ӿˮѹȥ֮صǰ
˵һߣСԼСܱɥҲûκεı飬ֻתȥһԱͷ˵˼䡣
ԱҲֻǱȸղŵԱСϳǵһЩ
Ա΢΢ĵ˵ͷŸֵսǰȻָŶ˵˵ǰɸҴսٺϣ
㿴ŶԱ΢΢ҡҡͷҪ֪ôʱǰȥͶԷɱ
ԼԵļԱȥҪҳһܹͶԷˡ
ǿȥȴԼ⼸ԱҪĴѪ˵ıȲǰǸ̵С
ǰ̵ԱһѪֱڣµսǻԾ쳣
ʹ˵ĹͲˡ
ٿԼµЩǣԽ⣬˻治˵Ķ֡
ڵԽոյİѾ˶Է࣬ڳսĻضĶ֡
ΪѵʱԱߵ˵ˡ
ȻǶԷָգǰһᣬҲµĴǿһ
˶ԷĻüͷһ壬Ȼò۹⿴֪⻰ежټ١
㿴ĻڣȻ΢Ц˵ʦǰεĴսǹʦʿ䣬Ȼƾһ֮˵зȻɴֱ룬ұԷ˼ϳ£˫뽩֣ܹϿƵеĻݿֲ֧ס
˵ʱ̾˼Ӷʱݲãʮֵķա
㿴ŶԷԼǰϷ۹о͸һ׹⡣
һ⣬ѵѾͶ˰̣ԼǰϷ
ûȷ֤֮ǰҲܶƾͼǰȥһˣҪԷʲôɻء
뵽֮΢΢һЦȻ˵ˣ˧ȥһ⡣
˵֮ǰʱĶͽؽȴסȥ·
ʦ֮ôܹǰȥðգͽȥսϻһԱ


564 ж
Ŀ˿ؽ䡣
ؽԭԼһֱǲ죬ȫհ
ôˣʮֵĻԾкŸɵ˼
һȻǰԼսҪʦֵǰʾ
ԼղŴӦԳսڲܹڣڰֶؽ˵˧Գս㲻Ȱ
˵֮ʹ߶ǰ
ԱСˣеĸֵ˵Ĵһ֪ʵʶ࣬ϽͶһȻĻʱҵĸֵǲ۾
仰ɰˡ
СޣŶͣҿڳԣҪ˵ǰ
˵֮;űֱСɱȥ
СڸͲϣҪ֪пǳ˵Ĵ󵶣ֻһͨıһǰǲ
Ҫ֪ǰԱݽһ糤һǿ󿪴ϣϹ
ȻµǷıȷʵ̫ˣºԼݣĻûаѱݵԼǰԴѾˡ
ˣԱͲıǾŴֱͷ­
ԭĴһɶ೤ıֻ߳ȻǰǶԷıȷʵռϷ磬»ûеıݵԷǰԷĴ󵶾Ѿ㲱ˡ
ֻǾ𱦽ڵ
ԱڵҲЩ΢ЦΪΪǧ֮㿴ûжԼһȥһɣȡ˶Է
ǽķչȴЦˣԭıֻԵصһ£Ĵ󵶾ͱıΡ
ԭеѽ񽣣ǰʱһֱǧ֮ȡ˵ͷ
ݣûгֵı˸ɴͰ񽣵˱С
Աڴ󵶱ı֮󣬾֪ãæסͷͷߡ
ôˣæ߶µıǰ׷ϡ
Ҫ֪µƥڿмǧƥУǧѡѡġ
ȻȲǳ֮ԣҲǧҹ߰˰١
ԱµȻ׳ƾܱȵıûж೤򣬾ͱ׷˸ͷβ
㽫еıǰһס
ǰѽ̾ͻһ⣬ֱԱĺġ
ԮȻӶݣ۾ȴͣţԷ׳˱ǱֱԼˣæһҪӹԷϮ
ʵ̫ˣıȻ䣬ȻѾ㵽ĸȻǱǱһӴͷ­֮ϴ
ˣԱʬʹ֮ϵ˳ֱУľû
ʱΪԼ󹦸ɣҪֹͣʱ
ǰܵͻȻͣ˽ŲȻתСǰ
Щ죬ƥôˣ˱ɱ˲ܻԼһߣԼʲô
ĿƥʱֻƥһͻȻһ˸žһ˳ֱ㡣
û뵽ƥᷢϮһȵӦʱǺѾǰе֮ҲЩ㲻ˡ
ôҲֻͨǿĶһԼҪÿ
һӾʹ͸ұۣ֮˵ϡ
˴ʱſԭһС
ʱǰƥѾǵز𣬿Ѿ͸ˡ
һԼ˿ڣСһЩŭû뵽СǰʹСϷ
ҪʩչصͨһٻСʱ
ͻȻоԼһͷΣЩˡ
Ͼ;òãղŵǰѽһʲô涾ĻҲԼ֮
°ûбҪǰͶԷˣϽصԼһ˲
뵽ҲתͷڵϣԼһȥ
һߵСֻǸЩźһԼɻأҪȡû뵽ֻöԷˡ
ҲûʲôĲΪǰѱ֮Ͽа̵ش涾ӹֻнܹ֪
ͨǵɸˣҲ涾֮ɥ
ԼûбҪӱ棬ֻҪԼĴӪ֮еɥȻܹŶԷʿʱһȡ¼ϳǣȻɨƽɽԴΪȻ½
˵صԼǰʱѾסĴˤ
ǶѾѽӻ֪ãǰǶˣˤ£æǰһ㱧ԼĻС
һֱԱһԲȴվ˵ˡ
λʦܣʦˣڲս˱شӪ
Ҫ˵Ĵ֮УȻļͽԵĸľĴҲҷԡ
Ǻܿľʹһ£׼һԵҲֻǻӾ˻˼ϳС
˵Ѿ㣬ҴææĻصоʡ
һʣͷֽѾȴˡ
ǰѾ϶ǷǳһδûͽƳԴס
ʦˣ㿴ʲô취ûУ
ǽѾ˶Ѿԣͷ˿㣬Ȼһָֻͷüġ
һǽƲɿ֣Ȼ󳤳ĳһŶѾ˵ʦжˣҼҲʲô¶
Ѿô˵žһȻ;ûЩվסµȥ
վԵĽһӸϽǰһнӹ㣬ŶѾôˤڵϡ
ڽӹ֮󣬽ƸϽԼѾݺѾԼĴʡ
ãʦˣôܹĻȥѾվܾ˽Ƶĺ⡣
ƿѾɫҲεҡҡͷ֮󣬻ݺѾԱߵϣϢ
Լȴеŵ˴֮еĴϣ֮£һĺߣͣشֱ֮ϣطӡ
һֱվڽԱߵݺоһȻѿ˵
ƻعݺݵĵһۣȻʹһɫݺ֪̾Լ˵˻Ͻ졣
仰ǱѾˣϽʵʲô
µ˵ʲô˲õĶֻһ涾ﻹЩҩӦܹµġ
ʱߵŮͽԼӪд󽫣㡣
΢΢һЦȻ˵ǲصģ˵˧ѾסˣܿľܺǼ档
ڴŮ֮תݺ˵ȡҵİٱ
ݺϽĳ˴ʣһͱһӽˡ
ƽӹĴ򿪣ȻȡһľƵƿӡ


565 թ
ִԱùһС֮󣬽ľƿеҺ嵹һЩ
֮óļַĩĵС֮УȻһĽ裬ܿеҺͱһֺɫĶͬʱðһĶ
ʱĶѾҲѾָѾվ˽ƵԱߣʵ̫ǿˣһӰڵЩվȣϽס˼ԵĺһЩ
ŶѾͿƽڳҺεߣѾϽľ㲻Ҫⶫʦιȥɣ
ƸûѾһߵҺ壬һͷҲص˵ҩڲУ
ѾƵĽѵ¶˲ߣھؼģֻǱͣ۾ԱԼ
ƽеҺȫιĿУɵһȻǸӣµݵݺС
үʲô¶ɣݺʵ
ûˣֻҪٹʱҩпܹⶾҩ
Ĵʾ˳Ĵߣſı顣
ʱúܿ죬գۼ͹˽һʱ˷Ӧüͷ壬ľȻ۾
ӳǽӣžǶѾˮ۾
ЦЦȻǿĿ˵û뵽մ㾹ȻĵۣǰȻǸСѾͷĵ
ƿ㵽ڻйЦЩشһֱۣȻ˵ô󽫣õ֪˰ɣԺ󻹸Ҳҳܡ
ЦݣȻ˵ұΪҵͨ´ȥãû뵽СѾͷȻĻҲ涾ֻһ˲ңǾȻͬʱˣҲҴ⣬ǵĵ
ЦЦ˵Ҳǵ֮ССķɽô񹦣
ƵѣڷԼıҲǷ
û뵽ڰлı
ȴûзֽƵ۾Ѿðһŭ
ƺܿľѹԼŭǿЦ˵ЩͽܺʹǶվţҪ֪İΣҪҪǽһ
֮оǰԼվ龰
Щͷѽ
ǰӵСѾϺˣרһԼȥꡣ
ѵǶԷĺСҪԼ
ĻôԼӪһǵӦĻԼҪǲˣôܿԼ⼸ľ
뵽֮ǰɵİԼӪеҪĽȫһ顣
ЩемֵûɣԼû֤ݣǿнµĻҲܷڣ۾һת⡣
֮֡
ƸϽĸȥյߣֹ˵˼仰
ǽ֮ЦһȻشһ˵ࡣ
ȥ΢΢ƵӣȻͱ۾˵ˡ
ƼȷʵˣǸϽظ˱ӣȻתȥѾеԼԡ
֮ڴʵĽԣʼߴߴ
һѾŽƵ۾˰죬ͻȻķһĿ
죬ֱӰѸո˯ŵˡ
תͷŶѾһߺޣһԼգ۾ϾôˣϽٴαۣڴװˡ
ѾĿҲЩˡ
ЩΪףһһ۾תתԵµļʦ˵ʦЩˣǲʦ֮ʣڴߣһȥźʦ
˵֮͵֮дȥļʦܻ࿴˿жЩˣҪʡ
ʱͻȻһӰƳ˴ʿڣżŭҪ췴𣿡
̵֮ľͣ˽Ų
Ǽ࿴˿󶼰۹⼯еϡ
ҲЩﻢ£ӲͷƤ˵ֻ֪ʦ顣
˵仰֮һת˵ôҲǴĸ˧ּļ˧ˣΣǱ֪ġ
ƿ΢΢һЦȻ˵㲻صʦ˲ҪܿľָܻǲҪˣȥ԰پӣҪ˴õзпɳ֮
ʦĸ⻰˵ľͲˣʦôҲǿһ۰ɡ
˵仰㲻ܲˣٴﴳȥ
ʱԱһԱͻȻ˹Ȼһ־͵ס
˲ˣµĴ
ҲǽƵĸغ֮λãָӼӡ
ѵ㲻֪Ҫоʣ֪ĺʲô
˵⻰ʱҲѾ˼ٵĵ֡
Щһоʵĸ̾ͰĴȫİΧֻҪκεĶЩ־ͻһֽǿࡣ
۾һ˿Ĳߣ˼Ϲű˵ôҸղʧʵ̫ʦˣȻʦĸ˵ʦӣҾͲٽȥˣʦĸʦʺá
΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻ˵֪ˣǰԼľ֮еţʲôϢһ֪ͨǵġ
ֻǴżʦ뿪ˡ
ļ󽫣ҲԵʩ˵ԼľӪ֮С
ȵЩ˶˽Ʋת˵ǵ˰Ӫʲôമ紵Ĳݶҡ
Ͻĵͷ˵˷ģĴӪǵƿ֮У治ʲô
ףֻǼӾˣҪǡ
֮һ£ȻһºʲôȻͷ㹪˳ȥ
ڴЩ֮󣬱»ص˴ʣĴߡ
ڵ˯أҲͣķ˺
ϧӣʱ๫ʵ̫ˣҪӪ飬Ҫͳ͢Щ˹Ķǣûһ찲ģһɵĸˣȫһĽ
ѾʱҲƵԣЦ˵ղҿ޵ǲǶƭˣ
ƻعͷָһĶͷСѾͷƭˣô˾Ȼûһ޵Ǽٵġ
ѾŵЦЦȻ˵ҿרģǰÿη˴ֻҪһУʦ֣ϵľͻĹҡ

˵˵صԼĴ֮ڣصھ֮ⲽͻȻվס˽ţӪſڣйһױĶ˵˼仰
ǸСĵͷȻĵʧˡ
һðͽزϢĽĴ̡
زһ͸ϽӭȥȻץ˵ʦڿиûᣬǴӽ֮ٻò֪Ҳ


566 
زĻоʹһ֪ĺ̨ǵĻϣҲҵֻǿЦʵʦ֣ʲôܷԸвӡ
ز̬ȷǳ⣬ĶԷļȻ˵ʦˣδѾ޷ִƴˣΪĸ˧ԼļΪҵĽǡ
زһˣԷҪȡȨѽ
ЩѶȾͲ˵Ƶļӣ˵ֵܿˣĲ롣
ʦ뷨ǺõģҲΪ͢룬ĸЩѡ
΢΢һЦȻ˵ֻҪʦ棬ƾҵԼּ͢⣬ҾͲЩ˻ĸ췴
˵仰֮ı۾ʼƴһ·ǰ֮´󹦱үүΪ̫ڻүүȥ֮ǻɨ£ķ
زǰЩʶˣǰǫĵЩʦֵܵϿɣںѾۡ
ܿľѹز˵ȥ֮ٱʱȺҵڱҪʱǿҪʵбˡ
ز˵ͷĬʵôĻЩԲʦ
ڼδԼԼٻǰЩθ㲻ʲôԼʦǰʦԼ䣬ʦܹȫ
ڰز֮󣬾ȥ׼
زµĹ֣֮󣬾뿪ˡ
زոյһ뿪Ӿʺת
һۣȻʵʦܻ᲻ǣ
΢΢һЦȻ˵·ģǻкء
Ŷʲô˵˵
ϵ˻н죬ǰ˳츮һ飬ֻҪҪţܿľ͵زС
֮Ƿˣز׵ţôһزҲվԼһġ
ʹǵЩҪ֪֮һ붼ڵĸһҲƮǽͷݡ
²صġѾڵʲôǿ԰ο
£ھеĸԻĹֻҪǵһ£µһӵµĵǲ
Ƿ
ھֹ֮˵˺óһʱ䣬Ƕһƻ
ƻȵľ£Ȩ
°ЩѣԽһ磬ĽȻϯ֮ϣǷ
ЩͬͶ͢ȻǺãҪǲͬ⣬ô͹ֲԼˡ
˼ƻ֮ĵ뿪ˡ
ڵ磬ԼԵ壬Ӫ֮еλ󽫷뺯Լһٱ㷹
ܶĴ˼򵥣ڽӵ뺯֮ûпǣˡ
Ҳмģڽӵ뺯֮ȴԵĸֵˡ
Щѵ˻٣Ϊ׵ǲһҲû
ЩʦֵܣҲֻ˰زڵĸˡ
˲룬ҲֻˣϾ±ߵ˺ôҲһ룬Ҳǿӵһˡ
Ÿζˮһ͵֮УЩ˶һľͷ˾衣
м΢΢һЦ֪ˡ
ͻȻ֮䣬еıӾ˵֮ϣšॡһ죬߾ӿĵ֣ȻΪһԣеĸֵͷЩ֮˵Ĳϡ
ղŻҵľϯ磬һӾͱѻȸЩЩȵԺҲˡ
رǸԽһξ֪ãȫֲǰҪʲôѵҪȥͶ̣
ǻ׹ݣͬʱǴ˧ϯӣѵͶ
վ룬˿±ߵˣȻ˵λغ£дȫΪ˳͢룬ҲΪλǰ̡
ԽվغȵҪʲô
԰꣬˵
֯һԣȻ˵¶Ҫҵ˳֮ʱƿؾӵĶʲôˣ
˵ʱ±߿˿Ȼŭ˵Щ˲ǾҷĻ˽ֻ֪ʵȫ֪Ϊ͢
˵ʱ򣬵µ˶һ£žˣָ˭
λεָ㣬Ļ졣
±ߵԽȴͬˡ
˧Դλɨ£ûмĹƽ˺ϣֻӱۿžҪƽ̣ôΥ񷨣ҲΥ͢ƶȡ
ͷĸֳŭɫ
˧δǰΪ˳͢ΪڽʿҲòʱִƴȨȵʦָԺȻȨãͬʱʦ
˵±ߵнʵǷҪ֮
±ߵڽ㿴ңҿ㣬ٿԵĵ֣˵ʲô󲿷˶ͷ˼Эˡ
ֻԽȻͦŲ˵ɷӣұ壬롣
˿ǰˣ۾ȻŻ֡
ԵĵǰԽ֮ϳ˴ʣһ߾ʹһҽУ֮û
һе˸ӵľսˣǶ㿴ҿ¶֮ɫ
ʹӻȡһ飬ֵ֮µһС±ߵλһ顣
ԭһͶ飬дӽԺЧָ͢ɡ
ڳһӡǩ
±ߵܸʲôֻһϱǩҰϵѪӡһǴӽԺֻǺһˡ
½ӻ飬ϸĿ˿ȻĽԼĻС
λӽԺǾԼˡ
˵仰˻֣Щֱ˳˴ʡ
һƣȻ˵λ˱
ͽоƣһ
Ҳֻеľƺ꣬ȻЩ۾תô
±ߵҲʲôеľƱϣ֮Ц˵
еղײգҵھǰоʣʦʱȨΪΣ
ʴңʵȴĿ
±ߵҲɵӣ֪ҪǷԵĻ¾ͻ͸ղԽһûǶһϽĵͷ
˵⣬ȻִӴ߽֮һˡ
˲ˣǼϳе
ԭǴռˣѹסֵµЩ󽫡
û뵽õıеĺãɱ˷ԵԽȻͶ齫Щ˰Լϡ
Щ˰ѱҪת⣬ԺҲˡ
ЩԼʦֵܿˣϾѾжǵõ˳͢ϿɣԵķһЩġ


567 
λܹڻϣڳ͢ʮֵοЦ±߹˹֡
±ߵҲֻվһϱʩ
Ӧ֪ھΧʢҶԷ˶ڣҪǲĻ¼ϳǲʱɽãƾͲɿˣ˴ҲҪµģǻǣ͢òȡ¡
˵¾֮е塣
ĸңĻҲᱻӵͽܡ
ΪֳͽܣлִƾȨõ˳»ʵ۵ĿأԺǰ;
ʮһͷ±߹˹Ǹˡ
࿴˿˫Ե˵ͷ֮վ±ߵ˵λ²˳٣Ǿͳ
ȵ߳˴ʡ
ڴ֮еؽ࿴˿ֻǴͷɥĸЩ˳ȥ
ȵ֮ʱȴѾǱɽˣʿѾװ
Щʿ¶ԺЦݣӽԺЩ˾ǹԼͳˡ
ױԱǣƨȻǰ˸ںͷƺƵֱоʡ
ʱ򣬷ѾױŵΧסѾõһЩϢ
Ѿ֪ǸӦǵֻױסʡ
΢΢һЦȻ͵һ֣±ߵھʿһӵϣоʣΧ˸ˮйͨ
ʱоʵ򿪣߳ˣźͶѾԱ߻Ů
ƺͶѾǸոյĿ޹Ȧڶͨ졣
ӣĳ׵ķˣ˲ΣôûвμϯĽǷԣҲס͢ѹ
ΪԼʤߣ뱣һЩӡ
ֻϽķСܼǰƵԡ
ЩױȻǾְأ̵ľͽΧͬʱеĸֵѾʣҪﴳĻǾͻᵶ¡
ֻͣ˽ŲΧڵأƹ˵ͽʦĸʦá
ڶѾĲǿĨһᣬȻʵ㲻ԼӪУЩ˵оս£
εЦЦȻ˵ʦĸ
վ΢΢ϴЦ˵Ӫе˵ʦ֮󣬶һļ١Ҫȥ̽ʦǶʦĸ˻Щвƾһͬǰ뿴ʦơ
ĿһȻ˵ʦ²ҪѾûдˣϢ£ǿ˻ȥˡ
ЦЦȻ˵ʦǹϵ͢Ĵ£ôһ仰ߣ
˵Ҫô
ѾȻĶԽ˵ʦһ
ƺЩˣȻϻҿԱߵĶѾǰ˵ʦָոյ˯£ʲô˵ɡ
ԶԶԣ๫ոյ˯첻ôţȵʱȻټȡ
΢΢ҡҡͷȻһʧŽƺͶѾ˵ʦĸʦã˾ͲҪˣʦѾ˻ԣѾ޷ִƴȨˡ
ô֪ģѾһ£Ȼϵľ֪Լ˵ˣϽסԼ죬Ȼ󲻺˼ԱߵĽƿһۡ
Ѿ˾
ǰŮ̾һȻ˵֪ҪάʦȨ¶ǿûʱʦָ
˵仰֮󣬽һ֣ʿһʣȫ׼Щױ
ʦĸʦãʶĸϽÿĻͽܣҲˡ
һ仰ֳ̾ͽ˫Ѿǽš
ʱ֮ڴһ
ô
⼸仰ʹӴ֮˳
Աߵһ߳о֪ãҪˡ
˵С£һҪŭǳ֮ɴľͷˣڳ͢˵ǴĲˡ
ɴһݣͽ㴦ʱЩҲʲôˡ
ĵԱߵʹһɫ
ڵѾЩɵˣͬʱЩͲɫ
һţǰʱ򿶿ôһͱϺ
ȻָˣɴԼ֡
֮ԸķΪǰѾˣҿһźӦ˾綾
£ڵܹվԼǰʵѾʣ¶ˡ
жϸӣֻӻȡһѷɽȻ͵ľȥ
ֻһһ磬౼
ڳ˭Ҳû뵽ͻȻѣһг
վ㿴Ѿ쵽ǰķɽֻһЦȻ־ͽѷɽȵץС
֮㽫СɽԼǰϸĿ˿
ֻѷɽ֮Ĺâڽϻһֵķ䡣
ⶫǰԼǰѷɽȫһģһ
˵еķɽȻɫĿʵôа̵ķ
Լ͵ϮʧܣɫѾ࣬ҲشĻվԱߵ˵ˣԥʲôɴཫ˿
ҲӦҪǲɱˣָ1ͻҪԼС
һ֣λ󽫺ʿɱ򻧺
֮±·򣬵µЩڽӦûȥȡ
ҲѾԾ˼Ա󽫣Ǹֱֱ㡣
ЩЩͷˣͷһµʿûиǴֻʣ⼸ˡ
һˣվЩ֪룬Ҳ֪òüǰ
һüȻͷЩʿֻЩʿĵǹѾתһ䣬ȫм䡣
һ¾ɵҲܿȦס
˵ЩڣçײˣҲֻӲͦŹȥˣͲɱԼ
Ҫ֪ԼǴļһǻ׹ݣҪǸҶԼ֣ôͺ췴ûʲôˡ
վ㣬ŭԼҡҡͷȻ˵Һ㲻ɣΪʲôҪѣ
㰺Ȼ˵ͽܣҲǳ͢ļΪ˳͢ô
㿴ͽˣĶԵĽ˵㴦ðɡ
˵֮ͱȥ


568 
ǰһԵļͽ֡
Ǽͽܻ࿴˿Ȼ΢΢һЦԽڶֱȥ
Щױһû赲4˽Ƶԡ
ͽʦʦĸ
΢΢һЦȻһ˵һˣ㲻ǵĻЩܱ¶
ԭǶǽưŹӽġ
ǽƹµףҪûЩΧ£ԣҲûǸӸҷ㡣
վﻹ֪Լ˶Էĵˡ
ԼʦûŹԼ
ٴλ֡
վԵЩ󽫣һף߳˰ΧȦ˽Ƶĸһ򵹣
һԣǸ֮⣬ѾûκεĴ󽫸ˡ
ѾЩĻˣû뵽ԼھӪ֮в֣ͣΪѾһˣ˺֮⣬ԼȻ˹¼ҹˡ
ƿֿһ֮˵Ҽ๫ԻĹû뵽Щ˾Ȼ֮Ҫı֮£ӦýǾ͵նףЩ˲ǳ͢٣ǻ׹ݣֲ๫ã๫ۣʱ򿴻ôǡ
˵֮һ̾мʮʿһӵϣԼʵ±ȥˡ
ڴ֮󣬽ֻ˻֣ŵµؽԼͽ˵ǸӪկСĵз͵ϮʲôȻǴ
µ˸ϽĸԹ֮˳оʵķΧЩǴʿҲ˳ߡ
ȵЩ˶ȥ֮󣬽ƺͶѾ·㣬оʡ
»ص֮̾һ˵ұΪɨƽ£û뵽ȻܵĲ¼ɡ
ƸϽİο๫ԹŻ϶ģҲعڵġ
һԵĶѾȴЩʵʦ֣׼ôǣ
ͷ̾һȻ˵˱Ͼǳ͢٣ҵĴӣɱĲ̣ҪΪ͢սвҾ˱غϣɽ̯ҾҲˡ
˵ʱ۾һ˿⣬̺ʲô
ѾƸû˽⣬ԱΪвƽء
ǾǣЩ˾ϷﳪЩ鳼һð¾ͶںݺǸɴͲźˡ
ֻнƣȫ˽뷨
Ҫ֪ȻŴӺϴĴǼϳлʮµľ
Щ˸սܾˣ˵ĸͲͶϡ
µҪͰѹ
£Ϊ˱ȫʱߡ
ֻҪһ˳ɽľڣôͰʱ˾ͻ߽⡣
ǸʱͿɽɽۻֱͰɱܾˣƣʱͿԻӱһɽ
ڲµ֮󣬽ҲϽԱ߰ǻ
๫˵ǣȻǲǣǺαԼˬ졣
˵⻰ʱ򣬽۾Ҳһ˿
˵ͷȻ˵Ϣɣһͻس

ڶİ죬оټڽ
ЩУȻһ챻ն׵Խ
ԭǸʱֻǰһϷʵԽѾԼĴʳԾȥˡ
㿴Ѿ룬飬Ȼʰװ緹̣֮ǻغȥ
µѾԳ͢Ĳ¼Щˣ㷢һȥ֮̾װ͵һ£Ȼ󳷻غϡ
ȵԹսĴӪ㿪ʼĴ뿪˾Ӫȥ
Ϊ˷̺ͼϳ͵Ϯ㻹ԼĸԽϺ
Լȴɽ֮ϣ಻ľ¶οЦݡ
˵ʱĿӪ֮һ֮ڣˣԼ
ӦóԷģȻûС˵ǣȵϣѾǰˡ
رһֱܲˣڴ֮ߺûˣѵҪҴү
ôУ߶ûһ˴Ӧǣ˺ܳʱɤӶҪˣԱߵƵ˵ˣ߾ûһˡ
֮һȻʵô¶
ǸôҲϻͨǶĿ
ڽʱӪ֮пʼҳһţΪоһ˿ΪֻҪЩ˰Ǿܹ
ǵʱȴ־ӪеʿȻˣ֪Ҫˡ
տʼʱǷǳµģΪߵʱһ˵
ŴӪ˾ģҲûɱԼףǲͳ͢׵ķǵ
ȻǵȴҪԼЩЩƤ֮࣬ŽԲȡ
ȵϳзֲͷٹӪǵʱ򣬿ѾǺüˡ
ûʲôѾͳ͢ˣڴҪغϣȥˡĵĽ͵
֮󣬳һһ죬ͺʲôʱ򼸸ֽԼˣڿǱסˡ
ھ֮Уȵ˵ڶİ죬һʿ̽ͷ̽ԡ
ˣϽк
ߵ˭ۼǼϴ˧˳󡣡
ԭκʹ֮ǰ־ͽ˳ֻ˹ĵˣȵִƴʱΪԼ磬ָֽ˻
ߵСһ˳֣Ͻľô
һһɨȻǵĴ˧
СϽǰӸ⿪ˡ
ԼļȻСҲ˰
ڱ⿪֮һѾץסСĸ첲ʵ߷ʲô飿
СûлشΪ֪λʲôݣתͷһۣ˼ѯǷԻش
Ҳ֪ߵ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
СŻصλˣʱ򣬺Ԯọ̈̄˻غȥˣڼϳеλ֪ô£һɿͨ͢һӪ֮д̽
֮Щ֣̿һԼб֮£ûгɹǱ㣬ԺɽͲԮˣʱôͰ̶Կүү֪᲻ͷԼ
ԽԽ£Աߵ˿Ȼ˵¿һģ͢ҪΪҷֵһѽ


569 ҳһ
ĻҲһĿЦѱ˵
£ūʵûǸ£Ҫǵº»ϳͷϽȥţҲүа취
֮һһ룬Ҳֻ취ˡ

ʱ˵ʰо֣˵Ŵ뿪ɽһʮʮ֮»ص˺ϡ
ȵһϵľأһ
Ȼ˵ҲвٵɽʱǺͰ̾ǰһҹ
һǵԼĵ̶ˣԺúõϢһˡ
ڵҹʱӪկȻúõϢ졣
ʱ˳ɽصϵϢҲ˾ʦ֮С
˳»ʵڽӱ̡֮
ɨƽ£û뵽ֵµ˾ЩҷȻƻԼĴơ
˳»ʵԵ̫࣬Ѿ˳»ʵ֮ǰ͵õϢ˶Բߡ
үضŭһҪ壬¿ô죿
˳»ʵ۱岻ãʱȫ̫񹦣ǿĿûˣڶԼǳ⡣
һ̫Ȱ棬̾ǿеŭµ˱֮ϡ
˵޽ô죿
˳»ʵ˵һ仰֮˵ʵڲеĻͽС͵ǰãҲܹ㡣
̫Ա֮۾˼£Ȼ˳»ʵ۵Ķ˵үЩҲѧһЩ£˵ϵʱҲս
˳»ʵĵ˵ͷȻ̧ۿ˿̫ࡣ
лֱ˵µġ
ү˽ūš
̫ɫ˵ү¶ȱսСӺүѵõͳ󽫣Ǵˣ˭Ϊս
˳»ʵε̾һȻ˵Ҫǲ㣬µķ˭ѹ
̫΢΢һЦȻ˳»ʵ۵Ķߣ˵˼仰
˳»ʵ֮ǳ棬ȻЦա
ã
˳»ʵİ𣺡Ͱ죬Ͻȥʵʩ
̫˳»ʵ۵ķԸ΢΢һЦȻ˳˴
˳»ʵڱ֮ϣ̫ıӰ̾һ
оԼͺĩʵһָֻЩ̫ˣֵ¼ûһҳ
⵹˳»ʵΣʵΪֵµЩ󳼷ǳ˽⡣
Щ˱һӴļ֧ţЩ֧ǵļ嶼ǵطϵʵɡ
ЩطϵʵɣֺЩŸɵɸǧ˿Ƶϵ
ڵ˳»ʵ۸ͲҰԼ¶Ĵ󳼣°ո˵˻ûĹʹЩĶ
Ψһϣǿ̫İ취ܲµ㡣

ɽͺϵı߽Ϣ˼죬Ȼһδ߶ֱϿȥ
ڵںȫѾȫԭǸλãƿźϵоȨ
⼸ںϵľǳͨ裬ÿ·һǳأгڵĹԱʮͤӭӣȻ׼ʳޣͽ΢
ЩԱҲ߲ܣΪЩ˳ǽֵµһЩ֮⣬󲿷ֶǱصʿѡγġ
ǷǳںϵͳξǿЩˣÿһԱʱԸο
ЩײĹԱĺгҲķġǰһʱʱɱǸαڵĲᣬܹĹԼСˡ
ĴϾҪʱһνӵ̽Ļر
ɽһҳһࡣ
Ĵ뿪ɽ֮󣬰̵Сͬһη˼δս
СڿͨŮ˵ͲǸ
۽ҪЩ£ϻ⼸ѶѾļڼϳѾһιˡ
ʹ͢ҲЩֲȥˡ
ˣһһֵļӼ͵˾ʦ˳»ʵ۸ϽɳǵĽ֧Ԯɽ
˳»ʵ۶ЩԮǿҲΪѾѻ¶ʮĽԼ룬ô׾ɳȥ
˳»ʵҲ֪ǰ߳ԽԸһݣڸбͬʱԼӵķϣȥٶڿ
ҲЩӸ˻֮
ΪĴ֮д˲̵ʱ䣬ٱѵһҲǷǳ˽⡣
ڽӵʥֱּ֮ӵľڼϳǿеץ׳
Ҳûа취飬ΪڼϳѾĻ̻̣ԶȥͶ
֮󣬽һϵнѵ֮Ǵӵķͣʱİ
Ϊ˵ļ룬ó͢ľʱȶ
͢һȶˣһ߿ɾͲˡ
Ҫ̵֪һ׶ƶİ˵ǺģǶЩ˵ȴҪӵġ
ʱƣһĻȴܵ˷ǳĴ
Ϊһ߼ʮݣЩˣС̬ǿӲֱɾ±ߵЩȥǿе⣬ļʮһɢˡ
ʹҲСˣΧȥҲûʲôôˣֻʱ˵˼ϳǵΧʼ˼ΧУҪƾһ㽫ȫڵء
ǣִֽܹģԳ˻֮ѵˣڰչλս
һɽƽԭ֮ϣ˫ʼ˲ҵɱ
õɽ鱨
㿴еż϶Цݡ
ˣҲһɣɽ鱨
ƽӹϸһȻҲЦ
ǿǺ˰ɣ
ǿǲãҲ˵ҲԤġ
΢΢һȻϾ˼
Ͽ͢ʧȥһԱ󽫣Ǵ͢Ҳȫ̬ȣ¾Ͳκε֧ԮˣʡòͣİԼһߵĳӵϣʼ׳ȥ
Դ˲⣬ЦЦԽ˵µĿ¶Ѿеɽһ̳͢Ҫǰˣ°͢ͻ衣
΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻ˵Ҫǳܹ̣ܰ͢ҲܹаڵĽɽ
Ҳǵ˵ͷоȻһɲе뷨ϣܹ͢ϿðܱʱҲܹ
ƿԼѾĶӣ˵๫һҪѽǲΪ룬ҲҪǿǵĺӡ
˵ͷȻ˵ģҾĸûһ³


570 з
֮󣬽Ϳʼڿ⸽ľӣ˽ԭȵľϼѵ֮⣬ʼб۲
ƾһ㣬ѾǷ˴ɻ䣬Щķûʲôˡ
ʱһʥּУھʦ˳»ʵ۾Ȼ˽˱ȻӷΪ±Ԫ˧
һӵʢˣ˶ΪܳܺϽ
µķҲ㵱жд̡
ټһαʱ򣬶µЩ֮ʿϾɱ޵ҲΪࡣ
ʱֲ֪͢ôĴһϢ˵˳»ʵ׼ƽִ֮Ƶ»˾ͳʿ
ԭȵʱΪʦҲִƵ˾ģֻǸˡ
һ£ǰƵɵĶ档
ڿ㣬ڵõϢ֮ҲǾֽűû뵽Լոһ˿˼ͱ˳»ʵۿ͸ˣ־͸ԼôһС
ʱСѾԵ¡ųüչ΢΢һЦȻ˵๫żֻҪǽغϣĵطп֮ģµķʱҲͷ
ȴҡҡͷ˵ȻЩôܳĹʦڣ
˵仰ʱԵĳ˳ࡣ
ԼңڵУһ̰̤˴ܳ˻ˮУҲûпˡ
Ҳֻȥˡ
һոմӽľӪڽƵķ֮¸£׼
ͻȻͣһ£ʲôо۾տȥ
ŽƺҲ֪ʲôͣеĶһԼСһ߶˵๫Ǳ˵ĸ֮ԷȻôԸ㡣
Цһ£Ҫһ˶ˡ
ԭڸղŵʱɵʾʶӦ֮£֮оȻͣŶʮλܣЩվ֮УһֵͣѾΧ˸ʵʵ
ԴҲûжĵģΪֻһܹɾɣΪͨ
ټԼĵƷֻҪڱҪʱֱӾܽٻ磬ʱԷҲǰ׸
ĽƵļ˵УЩ鷳ͲҪˣаĵһ
֮üҪ
ȴҡҡͷ˵㲻ض˵ʲôҪ๫ܴЩС¡
Ų˵ʲôֻǵͷһ룬Ȼ˵Ҽ๫ǰʹǽʨӣ֪ɷҿһ
˽ƵĻһ㶣֪ʲô
Ҳ˵ʲôʹӻȡ˽ʨӣݵ˽Ƶǰ
ƽӹʨӣϸ˰֮󣬿дʡ
ŽƿﲻͣǽʨӺͻȻһٽƵԾԾԡ
֮ƲŽʨµݻظ㣬ȻЦ˵Ѿ˵ˣһһᱣ๫ƽ¡
΢΢һЦµĽӹʨһ뿪˷ԺС
֮одѹҲԽԽ󣬺ʲôѾˣֱҪάλάռ֮С
Ҳûзֻһ񹦣˳֮άռ֮ڡ
һάռ䣬ĵһ֣žһ޵ĺʧС
˴ʱĹۿֻάռܳ˶ʮǳЩǳγһǳ󷨣ΧС
˿ϵǣķ֮ȴǳǶʮɵĴܡ
Щɸ⣡˿ǳһ
Щ㻹濴˼ˣΪ׵Ĳˣɽ֮Уλɽϵ
㿴˿ˣȻ˹˵ʲô˼ѵҪֳ£
˿㣬Ȼޱ˵ҵһǰûκεĶ⣬ֻһҪʦӦ
ʲôܽ
һ£Ȼſ˵ҵʦҹϢһʱ䣬ȵ̫ƽˣʦڳɽ١
֮Ҳһ㶣ԷЩȷʵû𣬱㻹ΪԷһҪɱء
㻹ԭȵǸƧСȻӦԷҪ󣬿ԼʮľĸټϻнƺеĺӣЩ˿ɶָڷء
֮£ôЩˣԵң
Ϲ˵⻰Щˣɽ֮ϣ˵һʼҪƾ£ôǷˣҪԸ£
ʱԱߵһͻȻ˵ϻ˵ʲôһȽ
˵ֻ֮ͻȻϽţЩ񸽽ӿȥ
ʱļʮλϵҲʼ֮γһС
龰Ͼͱֻһҡ壬Ƿصͨ
һȫʩչģֻ岻ͣϳȥܿľͳһٶɣѾάλʩչļˣάռе㲢ûֹͣȻڲͣ͡
ǼʮλʩչͨγɵĹܿľͱŵ˼ޡ
˴ʱǿٵص̹һ˫ֳ죬̤أҪơ
ɵжʮλɴʩչγɵģһؾзصͨҲûκεá
ǹɵľһؾȻʼ
ѹ㷨صͨȻЩ֧Ųסʼ
ڵõ֮ͨ󣬵һͨƵľ档
ɲͨģı¡
ֻͻȻӻȡһľ⡣
ոտʼеʱڵλõģ˼ӳ֣Ѿܳʱûʹùˡ
ֻȡľ֮һס
Ǽľһģ֮ȥ
ɹɵľľûκεֻһƿأɵά֮С
⣬Կã뷡
ոյͣеľܵʲôӦֻĹӳϡ
һʲôӦһʶҲľϡ
ľõļӳ֣ͻȻ֮ţֻϿʼһĵ⡣
һָΪ׵
еľǵõĿһ͵ؾʹϷųһɫ磬ֱȥ


571 ս
ϵɲǺǵģֱԼЩŭֻһָֻĬ񹦣һ㡣
֮Χͳһֵĺڶ
ڶһ֣ͿʼƴߵĹȣֻһ˲ʱ䣬ǵͱڶɡ
пЩ죬û뵽ռʥ磬Ȼܹƾ豾ͨһСڶ
СڶǱԼģôƾԼڵͨ»浲ס
ʵҲЩˣСڶȻҲϵȫͨʩչġ
ƾڵķҲֻǿʩչһΣڶҲֻܹά̶̵ֶļ˲
Ȼ֮Ǻڶûа취άԼı壬ܿľͱˣžͱάռ֮Ĺû
㲻֪ЩѽѾͷƤЩ飬Ѵ󲿷ֵעеϵϣԼҲôһС
ϵпԼ֪ղΪˣ˧ʩչԼѹ׵ͨǽԼ;÷ЩѾ޷άסΧþ
ϵһ߳һЩõɹɵѾЩˡ
㻹һϾ֪ϵɵľŦѾ⡣
һǷһЩģٴһеľٴηų˹⻪һ磬ֱϵ
һϵûз֯ǺڶˣֻǱԱ߶㿪
һ㲻Ҫ󷨺ŦȫıƻˣΧľգۼĹʧˡ
һʩչأһ˲ͿЩ˵İΧȦ
ΪԼʱͻȻЩ֮һλֻӻȡһű飬Ȼ͵ľȥ
Ҫ˵㻹Ǽġ
Χ˰̵ʱҲеģʱֻɵĵû뵽ʱûȻ׵ɡ
еǷҲǷǳֻǱ뿪֣̾ͻһŻ棬Яʼ׹ȥ
ʩչصͨʵ̫ˣҪѾˣֻҧӻȡһѷɽⱦһֱԵ񽣡
һףǰ̾ͻһ⣬ֱ׹ǺɫĻ
һ𣬱һΪᷢǿҵײһ֮󣬾Ȼʼ
ȻиסˣıϾںһʱƣϷųԽԽʢ
ǻȻҲһɵɵķǱϾڹϺͨϻǲһЩľͱѹסˡ
һ۾ͻˣû뵽ԼɵķȻ޷
ʱӦϵĴ˵λָʱҪ˳ȥԺɾˡ
һϾͷ˽ʼͨ
ֻĹ⻪ȻһĹ׹ȥ
Ȼͨʩչ˷صͨҲסôķӲάռ֮вͣҴܡ
ҲҺǳϤάռ֮еսЩȻǻ׷Ϲ㡣
ϵһⲻǰ취͵ǰһ壬Ҳһ⣬׷ȥƾ豾ͨס㣬ĴֵܳĻᡣ
ȻڶǶܵҲǷǳģϵȻܲ˵ԼǾͲ¶һ˿Ц
ӵһ֮ľ⣬ͻȻĴŹâȻάռлһɫ硣
ɫ磬͵ľϵȥ
һֱע㣬Ѿеľˣʱ㣬ѾˣֻĬԼͨתޣϵȫŷҪǿĵֵס硣
ⱦ̫ˣǿͨļӳ֣ϵȻ񹦷ӵ˼ޣȻǱɫС
ϵ͸оһǿԼͷֱûڣڵĸַһ̾ͻ˻ҽûа취ֵһ
ϵҲ˲׷ˣ֮̾ϥĬ񹦣žάռĹ㼯ϣʼӣҪϵڵ
ľɵ̺ǳأҼͷǳĹֻһ̾ͱ޷һ˿һá
Ҵܵ㣬ЦݾҲͣˣֻһǺɫ֮УͻȻһɫѪӰڴһûзӦ֮ǰѪӰ˵ϵϡ
ϵֵŲͣڵ磬ͻȻ͸оʶ֮һҲž͸оʲôʼʶ
һϵŵòᣬҲڵˣžԼˣҲҪסʶʶĻͻȫ飬Ͷ̥תĻᶼûˡ
ֻϵͷһͻȻԼʶ֮С
ոʶͷԼʶ֮ڳһɫѪӰЩɫѪӰڲͣʴʶȥûж೤ʱȫռʶԼ⡣
һϵŭˣֻ͵һܣͱǺɫѪӰײ˹ȥ
ǺɫѪӰԷײ˹ֻһͶϵĹżʼʴʶ
ϵһǰ취ȥսɲһʱܹģԼǼʮλںսأûʱĥɫѪӰ
ϵһʶʼʱȻϵʶҲʼӣҪʶȻɫѪӰơ
ϵĵͦãɫѪӰҲʾֻάĿռֵϵͣע֮ڡ
ЩԮѪӰȻʼǿˣҲʼӣȻϵʶ֮кۡ
˫ϵʶ֮зײײӰģûз𵴡
ֻ˫紦ʼɡ
Ҫ֪ϵôҲƵĵɣǷǳǿģѪӰȻ죬ϵЩв档
ʱƣϵռϷ磬ܿľҪɫѪӰȫɡ
ϵǷǳĸˣһΧҲǰ޷ƷԼֵѪӰҲܹһ
ǾսԼΪȻһɽгʱͻȻ֮оЩڵĺɫȻʼ͵ı
źɫѪӰıԼڵȻסˣɫʼǡ


572 
ϵһ֪á
ӦѪӰܹͨǿеĶᡣ
ϵҲǹϵˣֱӵǿеĽԼиһΡ
Ȼ껹ԼĿ֮УȻ͵һᵤеķѪӰԼиȫ
ϵ͵ľһѪһǿиС
ʱû꣬ʶ֮УѪɫӰӰβͣʴꡣ
һϵ֪ѪӰ
ϵôҲǵɣ̾䡣
ʣڤǧʥ顣ޣƷħΡ֮ӭ
յάռ䣬̾ͱֹЩ֮иһ֣һϵȥ
ʿʶеѪӰڸֹһ֣͸о˲Ҳ˲ٺϵˣֻһɳϵʶ
ʱĹѾ֣Ȼ뿪ϵʶǣոһ־ͱĹס
ĹʼĥѪӰ
ʱϵǳһһǰצ۹ȥˡ
ҪԼƴͬʱԼȫķ򣬿Ҫˡ
˵ʱкλ㣬Ȼһֱڶλɲͣ䣬ȴû뿪ϵ
ΪϵҪ˵УЩǿģҪ˵ͷ졣
ڿϵͻȻǿԼѪӰҽվ֪ãҲҵһ
һתأתɷûתת׻𾪣תתɽת޵ͷһʮֲΪ֮²ö
еľʱһΣϵΧԡ
ⷨ˵ۣⷨ4ܣĹȻ޷ڣųԶԶġ
ľǹ⻪ţľܵĹʱҲʼ֮ȫ׵Χ
һɫ׵һ֮¡
ʱ׷ɱЩһҲ˲ٺˣһͣµΣʩչסԼ
ʱһϢ֮ˡ
ʹӻȡǷͷΣȻ򵱿һס
Ƿͷ̾ͷһУ֮󻯳һˡ
ոյõǷͷΣûжٰЩ㶫ɱͷҲһЩĻ棬Ҳ
Ϊͷ۵ľħԼ
ֻ汾һԶͷǲܴڵģ˲֪ô£ȻֻܽΪһ塣
еĻˣ˶ֻϻ͵ľͿʼ˱仯һڣһų⡣
ȻͷԵĻ棬ʹӻ˵¡
еЩæŶԸأһͱ
ЩҲǺǵģһ䣬ȻϷų˸ɫ⡣
Щ⿪ʼͣЩĻ涼Χ
м龰Ҳ˵ͷҪһ˵ĻԼͻĹѾæˡ
ЩɾȻܹʩչͨͬʱǿķɼǵ
ʱϵҲ˹վ֮еҧгݡ
챻һʩչķӲԼĵһꡣ
ҪԼʧɲǷֲܹġ
ڵϵҲԭȻű뷨ˣӻȡһӡ
ӳʺ«ΣͨƣҲ֪ʲôƳɡ
ı⻪ţֻһͨ˼þ˵ȷӡ
ϵȡˣⱦϸĸһ飬Ȼе㣬΢΢һЦȻ
ƴһԪ̡ײ飬ʦִּȣķħ¡ʳӳ֣ռúԵöȡӦ˽ˣ潫̶֡һʮ۹ǧֻѫ뼰˳ϵϤβ練ƣԲ⸽顣ҽ٣ʦӵ
֮ϵӶһȡ
е̣ͻȻоԼЩҲʼҪ˯
˸еֲǣоеĹȻʼԶԼ
Ҫ֪άռ֮УҪ͵ҪľҪеĹ
Ҫûй֮ӳ֣ƾڵķʩչʲôͨ
ԭϵеӻһ֣Сħȡ
־֪ǽħаķ
ıһʩչҪĵзԩծ
ֻҪǶԷڤڤգͻ£һоͻ
ʱһȫή٣ʩչ̾ͻ˥
оأ˥Ѿ
֪ˣٴȥԼʹˡ
ֻһУľԼ˾»صУǱѪӰҲһ˲䵽ʶ֮ڡ
ֻһָͨϵʯָȻһʧάռ֮С
ϵʧһ㶣Ȼ͵ħȣʧķ˼¡
ô߶޷ٸӦһ˿ټ
ϵɫͳ֪һˣһοûôٽסˡ
ΪԼѹ׵ıѾ©˳һսԷһСĽ
Ȼ˵ԼⱦʩչʱҪһЩʱ䣬ô̵ʱ㹻ʮˡ
ļʮɣѾûӰҲЩû
Щ˾ۼһǰ㣬̩ɽѹ֮ƣһٽ¡
һˡ
ƺɵһһλŮɣϼɹá
λϼɹȻһλŮӣȴһ
ڼŭɳ⣬һߵϵ˵ʦ֣˺ܲȻ㲻ˣǾľ
˵һеĲɫ˿УԾάռ򿪷Ƕȥ
ۼֿ죬һ־ץס䡣
ɹ
ʦ֣ʲô
ϵ˼һ£Ȼ˿ѾΧ£ĵɴȻ˵ͨСһǵΧˣɼҪǶľ֣ʱҪ«ưǲڵʱϮǵɽţ֮κΡ
ĵһϾˡ
ȻҲоҲôûˡ
Щ˶һһɽûһٸͽͽ
ҪԼڵʱȥһɾҪˡ
뵽ʱǶһ亹
ϼɹɫҲ÷ǳ˶ţȻ˵һαǸˡ


573 
ʩչʯָʱգ»صִᡣ
ոһұɽĵо͸оռѹͻȻӿ
ǾûЩѳֲסټӿѹһӾͰȥ
ֱ֮Ĵӻ˯֮ѹ
۾һ£ֲûʲôһ
֮ѵĴӵһһŲ˵᷿Էǰ
֮ѵشӻȡԿף˷š
֮ţȻԼڴϡ
˴ʱԵķɵһЩʼڴĬ۲Լ塣
̫ҽּתһȦ岢ûʲôȴûзɡ
ΪоȻǻģֻҪһɾͻٴλ˯ȥɲˡ
Ҳ־ᶨܹһֱѡ
ǿϢ֮󣬽֮УԼ̫Ҿּ˵˼¡
̫ҽּпʼһĽ⣬Щտʼֻһ㣬ʱƺܿľͳʶʶһŽɫĺ
ůĽ֮УоԼ徹ȻʼһĻָ
ϲʱͻȻ֮ѹһγ֣ʼһӿҪżʱա
һ㲻ҵϽͣùɢȥԺеЩ⣬˴ʱѹżһЩȻû뿪һֱ壬ʩѹ
һ۾¶һ˿ЦԼһλصλˡ
ѾĩʱڣҲ޷һɵǿߴڣοѾһֻſ絽ɵż֮С
ڵλܹʱ㣬ǻΪһܵ˼˥Ѿ٣Բǿڡ
ڴ˺ܳʱ䣬ڵĵһҪؾǸϽ˥ĻʱԼ״ͻԽԽ˥뽵ôԼĵ˹ʱˡ
˰죬ԼڵͨҪ˥ûôס
ԽϵԽǺ޵ĻţȵһνѹȥһҪɽţҪС
뵽ѵվҪţȴ˻ֲòµڴϡ
ʵΣֻ˵绰ҳ»´˹ȥ
˵ڵĻtǻ÷ˮͶʵõ˷Ļر
ڼĴ˾ҵΪtи쵼ϱ
ⲻһtǼƵͼ飬Ʊյ
ȵĸ˵ʱͻȻµĵ˽һֻݵǰ
²˵ĿһŮ飬ţŮĳòǰ͹̵ģôǸûӵģôʱԼ
ǵ绰ѾݵǰҲУֻõؽӹ˵绰Ȼϸһ
ͻȻվļҲһֵ
ڻҲ˲ˣϽϯȽͨĵ绰
ˣ𣿡
Ͽ۽ҡ˵
ȻǱȲ㣬Ҳǳڵ绰Ѿ㣬оһ
ʲôˣܹ˵Լˣ
ΪڻµУԼ˿޵еͻȻˣѻҲŵòᡣ
Ȼɻ󣬻ȴҵ̻ص˰֮ڣͼ˸кʹ˳뿪˾Ƶ֮꣬󣬼ʻTУǰ۵ĸ·ϡ
˵绰֮󣬾ڴϿʼ˼Լô졣
Ժ󲻹ԼǷȬҲлصλĻˣôӦøĸŮһݴĲƲ
ȻԼСƿصĲƸþݣЩƲԼ£ȫڻµѪƿء
ԼڵʱܹѹЩȻǸǣԼҲ޷صλ棬ô˭֪Щ˻᲻ƿء
ԼҪʹֶһ˫գԼŮܹģһԼĺܹõĲƸ
뵽㳤ĳһ
ʱ۵Ĺ
ڲڣ»ǰݷá
ͻǰõģʱ򣬷ֹ˶ǵĹϵɻԾĵ͵
ڴ˵Լɡ
ʲôˣѪĸоǶôȻ˵һ仰ڻµĶھס
ҲҵһǰһԾǽȻͨһŲԺС
ȫһ۷Ϊ󻹸Ųء
½ԺӷǶûˣһڽż⻯һӰķ䡣
ķ䣬ڴϣҰܣһӵˡ
Ȼо֣ȴ¶һɫǰһڵء
ˣˡ
ƤһۣȻ˵ȥΪ׼һЩ
˾ܷԸ
Ϊ׼һ˴Сĵˣ⵾ϸɫƮ׼ɫñӴͷϡ
һʹһȻ̧ͷ˿㡣
ҪʩչˣЩǳҪôϸ񣬿һεķͬСɡ
ɻ󣬻ȴκεƴǣܿľ˵óȥ
Ժʱ̴˼绰
һ̾м˵⣬߳˼ˡ
⼸µǰ˵ͷһԲŻµķԸ
ӽǾʹڵУźߵˡ
ЩѪȻ֪ʲôˣ˻µķԸ˵ͷûж˵ʲô
¾ʹҴҵĿˡ
ڷе㣬˼ôƽ˥
ϾⶫǹһķĲãֻʹ
һԼ˥֮
˵Ļôиͣ׼õ档
ʹﳾ㻯֮Ҳһ˿ԣȻ󵾲˻ǻᱻˣȴȥ
Ծͻнʩ֮󣬻ҪЩֶס
ǰǰ֮Ƿɵ顣
ͬʱ̾һ̾ԼڱԽԽˣȫѾ͸ոտʼԽλʱǸˡ
ʱ˵ɱɱɱݽ棬κεﶼûκε
ͬʱоԼɾת䣬ѾԽԽһ࣬Ϊ˼Ѿʼӳϡ
ţѵһĺ
Ȼȴˡ
˵˼ȫĲͬǲܶκģֻжֵȫá
ֲһʼĩʱı
ĻЩǼЩ˵ĿƼԽԽпвԼʱô᲻֣
ʱ˵һֺƽ١
Ȼ໹׶ӡ


574 ׼
ڵ֮е˴ʱ䣬һˡ
ôʱ䣬ҪΪЩ˶˲Ϥڸһܹɽɡ
ܹɽҲϰʮˣϾִƼٷչᣬնҪʧˡ
λ۾Ѿˣ𵾲˵Ǿٲά裬ʱ䣬Ҫ
ɹ֮ȥһ飬˷ǳ⡣
Ǹ⵾˴·ٴñӵĻ޷ֱ١
ڵڵѾӵˣǻԽԽԡ
˿ֲǣļȻʼһĶںڵͷҲʼÿήϵ·Զϴɾһһİ塣
һӻѹǿ۾⿴˿ȻŴǰһЩʳε̾˿Ȼ
֮ڴǿĳ˼һЩҲԲȥˡ
⵹㲻ԭȻɿڵʳоʳһ˼޷ʡ
֪ҪǲԶĸ죬ǿĳһЩάС
ͻȻķűˡ
飬顱
ûУ
ǻµ
¶һ˿΢ЦԻµİǷǳŵģȻ˵ۣôԼҪĶһ׼ˡ
ɡ
ķԸŸƿŽԷ
һԷŵһܵĶɢ
ҺûһѪҪһͨ˵·ˡ
ʹļҲ鴤˼£˰ŶŶһЩߡ
ˣҪĵѾ׼ˡ
˵⻰ʱµˡ
ͲϣΪ⼸µЩҲһ飬Ѿϰˡ
͵ǰҿһۡ
ǡ
̵Ļظ֮󣬻¾ͷɿ뿪ķ䡣
³ĳһڵζʵ̫ˡ
һ֣̾һŮѪһһ˶ߵĵ͵ǰ
ǰһСؽӹˣȻ㷿Ĵǰ˾
ڷĴϣ͸ߵˡ
ֻˣֻǱ΢ĵһЩ㣬ɶ칤
ڵ¶̵Цݣзųһ˵ϡ
Žɨ裬ǷˣԼá
ΪҲ֪ǸϹ̫߻ôģȻ̺һ˿޵ԡ
ƾԣȵһʱ򣬿ʡܶĹ
֮ƣİ˰֣¸Ͻ˺һеĵ͸ǸŮѪ֮Ȼڰķϵš
еղֻǿ⿴һۣ˰֣ȴоѾþ˻
ڴƴĺţһˮ
ӣ㲻Ҫɣ
ԭѾĴǰ
һܣղŻǰʱûз֡
ҪԼûǰԼԼѾоˡ
ˡ
ԿҲá
ΪƵѪ˳ܣϽͷվһԵԸ
۾ڴ˺ܾãǸоָһЩһ۾
Ժ׼һ̳Ȼе鱦ӷ̳ϰԺз̳ǰ
˵⼸仰ѾþԼƽм仰ҪҧŴ˵
źʹȫú첼סҪһķ϶
Ȼ֪ķԸЩʲôãǻȻͷϸĴӦ
ƣһ仰Ҳ˵ֻǰڰû¸Ͻȥ¡
¹˾˳ķ䣬̾Ϳʼж
ֵµ˸Ͻسȥ첼ԽԽá
µļѪ֮ڣʼ㵻档
ԭȵʱµ˲ɽһףųΪˣǶԶѧʼȤ
ʱƣµ˾ȻڶĻ˷ǳ͸˽⡣
еǷǳı׼һĹеҲһǱ׼
ڵ֮󣬻²ֵµѪֱߣ鱦ǰ
Żһα۾鱦𵻸档
ҷ֮Դ벻Ҫͬʱҵ˷׻ѳ顣
֮󣬻ͬѪһþ鱦ȻޱȣǶƷѪ˵Ҳ¶
ܿľͱƶԺ
ǰڷŹƷ÷̳
һ׹ػ·ǳ˽⣬ΪϿһЩҸҲˣ㼸̳Ժܿһ׵ķ̳ͳ鱦ǰ
ʱسﹺ첼ЩѪȴ鷳
ԭִᣬǹﶼֳɵˣѾûԼˣЩƥѾûеطˡ
ЩѪǴŷģĹ鲢˽⣬سת˼ȦҲûҵ첼ġ
ûа취ֻܸ´绰⡣
ڽӵֱ֮ѪҪǰĻº޲ϾͰǵѪɡ
Ҫǵ˵¶ǰҲ
ǻ֮ԼҲû취ϾԼزģҪŷޣԭؿûʲô͡
ãʱtн˴ģͶʣtеϲ쵼˵ϻ
һ绰Tи߹
λ߹ٶڻ·ǳӣΪʱµĴģͶʣTеľ÷չ˵ǳдٽԣҽ˴ıؾľҵ⡣
һ´绰Ͻľͽ
ιǻ𣿡
ң߹⼸컹ðɣ
ĸԵú˯úãлġ
ǿ䣬Ż¾ֻ߹
߹٣мϣæ
ʲô˵ֻҪǲΥɣҶᾡæ
TеĴͶ̣߹ٻǾֻҪǲΥɺԼԭ򣬿Ծذһ¡
ģҪһЩ첼˰죬Ҳûҵt첼ģ߹ٰæѰһ¡
߹֮һ㶣¸ʲôҪ첼ʲô
ҲһԷûʲôΪѵҪ󣬲ҪЩ첼Ҳһ绰¡
ûʲôѵģҸз֯绰ȥþˡ
һתгһûе˵ʵ顣
úúãл߹ٰȵһصTԾơ
ȾƾͲˣΪͶ̽鷳ҲǵĹ֮һ𣿡
˫ֿ˼䣬Ź˵绰
ָ֮ϽԼǰз֯Ҫĺ첼ûɫ磬ȡǰĹ깤


575 
ͷбʱҪĺ첼˵˵ڡ
µ˾һæǽú첼͸һ˿ķ硣
Ժ˼ݣ۵Ժ硣
ȵһ׼֮󣬻һķǰ
ʱһŮѪһʳ˳
һɨߵʳﲢûٶ٣һüЩܡ
ˣûԷѽ
ǸŮѪĵ˵ͷ
ֻǺ˼࣬žҲˣôȰҲûа취
̾һڰ֣ŮѪ뿪
֮ţ˵ˣҿԽ𣿡
˺һ߲Ŵ
ǻѽɡ
ĻƿŽ˷֮ڡ
ֻķ֮һƬڣǻѪȻܹҹӵĻеʲô
ԭԴ˥ʼͷ⣬ںҹʱơ
ĴǰȻ˵һж׼ˣ͵зˡ
ĬĬĵ˵ͷ
Ǻ첼ס˵۾ʡʱѹҵķ̳
ķԸҲһ£һ۾ʲôӲ˼ǣ˵˻ʱѹ
ΪĻ£鲻ҹʡ
ǣȥš
˵֮˳ķ䣬ȻϸĹغãŴҴҵ⡣
ڵһƽͣһǸԼõǸˡ
֮԰һ£Ϊº£ʲôҪ󣬵ʱʱԸɴͣ졣
ڻһǮǸˣҲǲ˲ûκεôԡ
¼ֱӴŽȥ
ֻ֮ˣһǸˣһȻŮѪ
˵мǸˡ
ǸŮѪ˷ǳļɵȻͬͬһϣȴűҪԶһЩ
ȴµŲ裬ֻ
ޱ˹ȥǸѪ˵׼첼˵۾ϡ
µĻǸŮѪһ£鲻Ըĵ³ȥһ첼ϳ
Ǹʱ̧ͷ˿£ֿ˿ԼոõǸˣ̾һ
ڶŷ˿ԽԽˣû뵽ҿҪˣ¼ʶͨ
üȻ˳˵ʦҲСˣϣܹޡ
в˼Ѿǳˡ
˵˵ͷ̾һȻͷƲһ߲ٿǸˡ
ڷԸ֮󣬾ʹ˳ȥˡ
ڵ˻֮Уۻô㶼ѡ
һ»¿ЩżˣΪ֪ô죬Ҳ֪᲻ΪĻԶʱ䡣
ֻǻСʱȵϸ߸͵ʱµѹ
һ۾ͷֻ¶վĴһĽ
ǿ¶һ˿Цݣ׼ôˣ
ˣе鶼׼ˣ͵ˡ
ĵ˵ͷȻû½֮ߵԺ
ԺеЩѪϽվֱˣӵͷ
һһŲߵ˷̳ǰŷ̳ǰ鱦ĬĬ
ʦӵӶɹѣʱҽ
˵ַ֮ŷ̳˰ȻŻû˵һߡ
ȥǸȡڷ̳ϡ
¸ϽСų˵ۣһһһЩĵˣԡ
֮ʾ£⵾˷˷̳м䡣
۾עˡ
ڿĲ̺ڵеһ˿޵ԡ
ȴκεĴȱֻеĮ
ڵ˶Լļ֮֮⣬ԽԽĮˡ
űڷ̳ǰ̤нɵ趯һĹܳ֡
Щ򲢲ǰʩʦչֵô󣬷һ˿˿ɭһ˿˿˸оֲ
ʱڵ˥Ҳ˷ӦһĿʼӿҪ֮С
ʱ֪鵽˹ؼʱɲֹͣͻȻĴӷ̳һСϾͿһ
ѪԼʹݵԺ֮Уһѹ
㲻Ѫӷ̳һŷ䣬Ȼľϣһοʼڸߡ
һٴ̳ǰľϵķٵϣľϵķ俪ʼȼա
һް£ûнеıҪֻҪһľǷֽͻ
˥Ҳòʡ÷ֽȼա
˴ʱֽľ˷̳֮ϣ㣬ϵȼ֮󣬷˶ͷĬĬ˼֮󣬲¯ϡ
˺һֲͣ㰸ɫ࣬ͬʱʼ䡣
飬飬ٽٷŹԪ˧ͣסԪ˧Īƻ⣬ƻԭóĪͩѹ⣬ͩѴͲóҪ¹⣬ķüü⣬ͨͨͨʮǽͨڽͨڽˆźǡ
˷ʣվɰ
ʼڷ̳ϣǸ˵ϲͣĵȥüüʱպɰķʾ͵Ǻӵüͷģķʾ͵˵˵฽
ڽͨʱķʾͿʼڵ˵֮ϣһľ
ȵ֮˱÷ǳĹ죬⵾˺Ǵ֮䣬ϼһһɭ֮
ֻڷ̳֮Ǹ˾Ȼʼ΢΢ĲҪվɱ¾
֪ʱ䲻࣬˲ҵ˺һһ˷ʣһֻƱֽдԼ֡
ֿɲģǸĶеһʱ
ֵ棬дԼԼ
˽⵾˵İȫĴ򿪣еƱֽ˵˵฽
֮Լľɵۣȫİ
͸ýһˡ
ֻ˺һʼ̤ٴ䡣
붫··붫·ɷ񣻰Ϸ·Ϸ·ɷ񣻰··ɷ񣻰山·뱱·ɷ񣻰з·з·ɷ񣻰巽·컢칷
ոյ꣬ɭĹ͸ӵʢѾʵʡ
ͽַǵ˵ظ֮ϣʼٴ䡣
ɫΪ棬⣬ظҶ䣬ͬͬͬǮƣ굣˳ⷽҪ̴ɽҪ˿˴󺣣̿˵ɷ
꣬ϢͻȻ˥˼㣬ľ񷴶ʢ
Ƿ̳֮ϣȫĵˣھȻһ˿ҽС
ϵɭϢȫʧʼɭȻǿ󱳵Ļȫһõĸˣһõɵż
Ҳһ˲䣬ǸϰŵͿʼﲻԭĵҲôֲڣͬʱϷ˶
Ҳ˥Ѿõ˵ϡ
Ǹ޺ĵԽԽҲֻǵɵ廹΢΢Ĳ
ͻȻһ޵Ĺǵ˵ϣǵҲֹͣ˲
ϵЩ۹Ҳʼıø࣬󻯳˻ҳ
˻꣬ǵϵĵҲʼıûҰܣ󻯳˳
ռŵ˵ģһݸˣȻûĵݸ࣬Ȼͦû˼ĻҰܵ˼
һߣڵ˿ʼɻҽʱоԼķʼµۣǾΥľ³ڡ


576 ؼ
㳤һ˥ɹȥˡ
ǻû˼ӣͻȻ֮֮ϾͿʼ֮ܲлһ˸
ҲԸоͷˣڷԽԽ죬ҲԽԽͣҪѹһ
üоܵĹʼӵһؿɲǹʹҪżʱա
֪ˡ
ղŵʱԼ죬˥Ѿ٣ڷǳϡȻоԼѾʱɵļޣȻ̡
ԼϵѾˣȻǷʼٵۡ
ɾ̲ԼˣԼʶȤϿߵĻҲ£ҪǼȥػѻһ١
ҪǷԼѾˣҪһ뿪¾Զزλˡ
ԼҪ죬ڰ֮ǰ뿪
ҪôŪȥأһͻȻ¶׹⣬̧־͸Լһȭ
һȭûģȥֻھ٣һѪ˳
һȭڵľҲʼңǸո۵ķȻʼٵɢһ㼸еķʧˡ
ˣ۵ҲʼɢȥܶųĹҲʼ˾裬һ˿ռ䡣
һ
վԵĻµ˼ԼһȭǴһ֪ǸʲôѵǷˣ
ǿѾҪȻ磬³ǣʲô
վԶ㣬Ѿҡҡ׹ĸæСܣǰס
ˣ˲Ҫɣ
΢΢һЦȻ˵ЩСˣԸʱܿ
⵹˵󻰣ƾڵ֮һʱܹƽֻв۷ˡ
¿һΪ㿴ˣȴ࣬ǹŨŨĶѾûˡ
ϢһҹTС
ǡ
Ż¾ŮѪ㣬»صԷ֮С
ϵľʹڴϿŲԶԼḻĻ˵
ǵµһݸˣʰһ£Ȼںɽ
֮ϽͷӦȻҪȥ£ոһֻſֽס
һ¡
ˣʲôԸ
¸Ͻһʾ
ס֮ķصĿûȻ󽫺ڹѪķͷ
֮һ
ȻԶķǷǳ˽⣬ǹ⿴þ֪ⲻǺ¡
ʵ⻹¶ˣ֮ôԸҪס˵ԡ
⵾˵Զһϣ޷뿪Ȼ޷ĺѩޣȴ
˴˥ʩʱеѾȫĲһǵ
ոǵȻǿеĨɱˣԺ
Ȼ࣬ⷽ˫ûģµһ
⵾Ϊôеɼһߡ
ǽԶҲزλˣôнľ
Ȼ˵ԼѾһЩãüйͷӣӦܹѹסСĻǡ
ǲһһһҪһҲԼĺҪ˶֡
ɴľͽԼȫеСԶ뿪벽
˵СĻɢ㵹룬ǲ֪ôģĹǰγһϡ
ѾСȫĻҲСټ
ʱЩ̾Ŵʱô㣬Ԥ֪δʦֵԼͷϣûκε㱾¡
ҲԼֳߵһЩ߲ܹΪ
ýСȻǲգһҪԺнԼõˣôСȻ
ϽĽŷԸ
ǸСӵʱĹϸҷһ񡣡
һŵûֱ
ԵģһԥϾͻִС
ɲǷĻѾһʱˣ֪Ѿڻӿ
λʱʱ񼣡
ɼһλ
ҪһȥСһǶļ¡
ʱҪԼͷһҪꡣ
㿴ŻûݺݵĵһۣȻ˵㵣ʲôҪ鷳Ȼҵ鷳ֻ£ж
ֻǳȥ¶
㵽ȫһͲСܹԼķѹ֮£ӷĹӳ
˫գԼĺܹƽĲƸ
ڵִ죬΢һЩ̵֮ľ¿ͻt
֪һԼʱȣûϵԼֱӻصԼС
һӭһӰǸСѾ˵ĻС
㱧С꣬΢΢İɫëȻͷϲ˲䡣
֮ͽڵϣȻڻµĲ˿
ŵڳµ
ӳ̽ͷһӻˣ¶ϲɫǽͿɫɷף·˲ţ̾ŵòᡣ
ǣϽеĻƣСԷס֣û˵Ϳʼµˡ
ĸģϽĽ͡
ⲻЩСˣҹŪģȱģһҸ͡
Ļ΢ķһЩ²ȻСؽɳ֮ϣԱߣСʵ
òȥҽԺ˵ԼţҲǸ¶ѽ
˵СˣȥҽԺˡ
Ȱ˼䣬Ǽ㻹ִ֣̾һûа취ˡ
Ϳʼ绰ҪɷϿŮӻ
ĸΰСͱͷء
ڵ绰˵ӻˣ̾ԼĻ鰡ųֱѧУ
ȽϷ»صеʱѾˡ
ǵĳոһͣ£ͷԼſѾͣ⻹վ߰˸ˣǱڵģ
ΰһſڣ߰˸ʶ̾һ
ΰһæı΢ĵһͷʹܽԼļС
һţΰˡ
Щô¶
ΰԵķ֮Ѿɳϵˡ
˦үүɱֱȥ
ǻûȵ˵ϣԭȺʮƵǸССףͻȻǰһĺҪҧ
һϾֹסŲЩ˼ĿСꡣ
ΪСѾüˣӰ룬˯һϣҲ֪һ﷢ʲô裬ھȻҪ


577 ź
ְ̧һС꣬СǼһƽԱߡ
һԵõؿһŮȻ˵
û㸸ײѹˣô죿
˵ֵ֮ǵĿ˶һۡ
ΰʱҲ˿ɫ԰׵ӣ֪˵Ŀˡ
Ͻıŷ£ȻʵôܵˣҪҪҽԺ
΢΢ҡҡͷ˵ûʲô£ȥҽԺڼͺˡ
˵ЩģټԵķһЩġ
Ϣһ£ȥóԵġ
˵ֵ֮ĵĿһۣȥȥˡ
ȵ֮վһԵĻ˵ǻȥɡﲻҪˡ
¸ϽĵһͷȻ˵ʲô¾ܴ绰Ҿȸˡ
СĵĿ㣬һ¼˵ͷС˳ı
žʹ˿ųʧ˱
ȵ뿪֮Եһ
ǣһǳһԲ
ԼļסˣҲȥţҲϵȫľʹԼķ֮УҲ֪ĵʲô
ΰεȰȥҪڼţ㶼֮
ʱһֱһ£һ֮ͻȻİһ˶żһ
ڿ֮ж֪ҪҪ˵
Ѿͼ̹ˣԼϾҪõɵ飬ѡغ˵һ¡
ϾҲȥˡ
֯һԣȻ˵֪һֱڵǱ޵ɣ
ΰ˵ͷ
ⲻѾĹ˵Щʲô
¶һ˿⣬Ȼ˵˵ϾҪõˣŲţ
ΰ֮üͷһ壬´һ㣬Ȼɫõ˵
һֱĵЩ飬ҲԣҪи޶ȣ߻ħɾЩˡ
ԱߵִһԼɷһ߸Լɷʹɫһ˵
Сɲʲô
ԭҲΪþ⣬Ҫס㣬ֱӰ͵ҽԺȥ
ҲֻзЩٲ£Ҫɣֱ⡣
㿴˿һ˵ķӦҡҡͷȻ˵ҲûкҲûз衣
˵仰йŵͷһ㡣
ͨͨĵ񣬿ʼŽ⣬Ȼվ֮Ļӷ˳
ڿеΰ⸱龰ѾĿɿڴڶ֪˵ʲôˡ
ͷ뿪֮͵ؾһȻͱһ˴С
˿֮˫ϥ򵹣Ͷأ
޹
ĵ˵ͷȻ˵
ضɡ
ͷŸȻֻվԣһԲķԸ
ˣ֤˵
ܷԸ
˵ͷȻתͷԸĸ˵
õǱҪóˡǹǺķ
˵ʱ̾һȻĿɿڴΰ˵
ȻԺ˵óϣɸǴĸһɾͣ¾Ҳ޷Тˡ
˵ʱۿʪ󣬵ȻǿԼı˽˻ȥ
ΰ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣҲһĻţץ֣溦Ͼͷˡ
̾˿Ȼ˵ˣѾû·ˡЩڼ̷ϣһ̫ʱ䲻࣬һ¸ĺ֣һֱöϵˡ
ĸĸ˵ʲôֻǺ᲻ͣҡͷ
㿴˿ĸĸԼʵ̫ТˣֻԼ˵ȴ˸ĸҪź
ҪѾûа취ˣֱֻǰɾ֮Ȼϣܹ֮Լļˣƽ¡
뵽֮ӻȡ˼塣
֮ҧʳָϷֱһ㡣
һӴѪҺ̾ͿʼųһĹâ
֮ѪҺҲ뵽֮С
֮㽫һס
ͺһƮ˿С
ϵĽԽԽʢֻ⿴Ρ
ΰʱŽͻȻһˣȻֱΰԼĶͷ
ûзӦʱŽѾûǵĶͷȻʧ
ΰԼͷ­ԼԴûбһȻʵ
ⶫǸʲôģ
΢΢һЦ
öƾֻ֤Ҫƾ֤ܹһѪԼǼӵеӴƸ
ΰ࿴˿Щ⡣
ϽĽŸ͡
ǰһʱ˵Ǹ£֪ɣ
Ȼ֪ǲĺǼҼˡ
ˣһѪͷ죬һֱΪЧ
е֮Ǵһȫû뵽ǸĻ£ȻǵӺ͵Ӱֳ˵ħ
Ҳ˵ľȣٴοֵ˵Ķͷ
ָ˵ĶͷǸоԼһȻзųһĽ⣬̺֮ĺɫĹ㡣
Ȼ˵ǺԶǸоֻҪԼ΢һע⣬֪ЩλԼ˵
֮Ǿƾ壬ЩѪļ壬ȻΪǼЧ
˵仰ֿ֮˿վԱߵͷӡ
ӴԺľͳסڼУֻҪҵĺʲôΣѣ
ǣּ
ԷӦĵͷȻһͷӾͻһ»ص˷֮ڡ
ڰźԼĸĸ֮µĿ˿ԼԵССס
һȻԼ͸ԼŮԼϾҪ뿪磬Ҳ޷չ˵ˣӦʵֵĸ׵ĳŵһ
СףղŵĻҲˣҵӦĸףһʲôҪ󣿡
С̧Դ˿֮󣬲û˵ʲôֻǽͷϥ֮ϡ
һѾ˼ǾҪԡ
һ£û뵽꾹Ȼѡ˳ɾͽԼԡ
Ҫ֪׼Сĳɾ͵Ȼڵ֮ϸһλá
ڼȻԸҲû˵ʲôȴֽС걧ԼĻУϣж˻ش
ΰѾ飬һҲûصˣֻĬĬĽܣϣԼܹͶһžۡ
Ҳǵһ
ϾںӶˣôܵظʮа˾ҲģҲԼյһ̣ܺͶټһ档


578 İ
Ȼ˵ֳЩˣ֪ڲʱתͷԼĸΰ˵
ȵ֮󣬸һŮĺӸǵգֻܹĵĽǵܽһĻ½Ϊѡ
ΰ֮˵ͷȷʵǰʱǼһףҲûҪʲôŮˡ
ȴһˣİ˵Ǽҿ˵Ǹɵй
ʱƲ˿¾ͻȥˣҪǲһŮ½ĲƲֲþ͸˱ˡ
Ҽסˡ
˵ͷȻ˵֮ǾͶϾ͹ϵҲҪǰȥΰݣΪиĸΰݶӵĵ
֮øĸȥǵĹҲΪһηʧصһη
Ϊǹվأ˭֪᲻ᰵʹʲôֶΣ
ΪԼ˵İȫСΪϵĺá
Լö壬ǾûйıӣҲӦÿ԰ȵĶȹһ
㿴Щƣæ˵һЩĻҪһա
գǼ仰ܹɢġ
ΰˣ֪ҪԼģǿĴЦ㼸䡣
ʱ鲻ѣҲûһ߳һԲ
ڵǣһԼĵС
Ҫ֪ĸĸǵһط˷ǳ棬ѵ¿˸顣
ְѵеǻǸС˳
СѾѵ۵ļˣ㵱ĸĸ˼ˣǳ˷ܣΧϴ
վԶΰˣ龰ȵ춼ϲ£ˡ
ڿСޣ۶˷ܵĹâͲȥڻˡ
㿴Ůӣ΢΢һЦУ̾С׵ԡ
ŮͷȻһԼԵСޣ֮󣬾һεĹâС޺Ůϵһ
Ҳ֮иоС޵СڶԼǳĺ档
Ƿ֣СȫǵСһ
Сı۾ǳܡ
ȵǻȥʱС޾øԣҪסÿһҪ»ص۴죬ֻܱ֤СԶϣĻʱƣϵͻľʱ֮ǡ
СĵͷӺǲûзϣֻǵС޺ˡ
ҡҡͷҪָŮԼĻû೤ʱҪˣǸϽַԸΰһ顣
ڿ֪صģϾϵһĵͷ
ʦȻڽŮΪԼͽܣȻ󽫵ۼŮ¡
ԭһιΪֱ࣬۶ȥ֮ǱʦŽ۸㡣
Ҳ㰲ŵһ֣Ȼɣֲýп»صλ棬ʱ۸˱ˣʱɾ鷳ˡ
˽Ů£ǸŮһݲƲϣҲǸԼһͨ
ڰ½֮һְ˻գǽŷС
ǵʵĿǣҪŸĸŮȥѪĴӪתһȦֵµЩʶʶԼĸĸ
Ҳ֪ǵ˭
ЩѪҪֶģȴģֻҪö壬ЩǷʲôġ
ټͷѹѪвƵѪҲܹƽ⡣
һȥŷޣת˽һµʱ䣬˰ź֮⣬ŸĸŮڸҵʤ
ȵǻʱһѾ̱ˡ
Ͼ㣬ĶͨˣôһµıϺ϶Щܲˡ
ûеǻ˸ǡ
ΰ˿֪ҲסˣĽͳš
֮ҪҴææߣΪоԼϵѾʼȬѹҲԽԽʢٶȣĹͻһγ֡
Ȼ˼ҲԼˣɴԼ߾͵ˣʡǳ鷳
ڵĿ˿סĵۣʯָ뿪λ档
ո뿪˵ۣͻȻ֮һ⻪ͽ
ȻǴеʦʼŹ
Ҳʼ𶯡
ҲͨûиоЩȴо鲻ͷˡ
ΪЩ˷ֱѾ͵ĿھȻһ⣬򶫷ۡ
Ҫ֪Щʿܱ֮ԼܣǾܹҪûǺͨҲûʲô
ɢǸоԼ״ٵ½ܶʹˣȫƾһάתɢˣϾͲ֮ʡ
ЩŷĻĲٿߡѪǣоԼҲʼ½ѪҲʼϡ
ȥһ㳬˵ܣҲữΪС
Ҫǣܷıֳõһˡ
ǣѪȴûиоʲô쳣ΪȻҲԵĸоŨȷٵ½ڤڤȴһڶ֣ǵ˹
Щһ뵽ǵ֮ڣάϵǵת
Ϊ˹ͿҲô£ܹѣΪ˸ӣĻǿ¾ͺѪһҪˡ
ʵһĽ
Ҫ˵ⷽǰǰ˶ˣΪܹһԼ˺͡
뿪ⷽ磬ԺҲ޷ˡ
ĩʱڣֱӽеȫе˵۵ĸάռ֮С
ԺĳֻܹͨڤڤеĸӦתЩ
ĸʽ¾ͻʱʧ
һܹл㣬ܹάϵĩʱֵλƽ⣬һá
һػЩʧơ
Ȼ˵ⷽʼ˼£޷ٲµĳˡ
µĺֹȴ˸
Ȼ˵ҪĿռ֮ⷽЩϵͽȻܹͨӹĸӦõһЩ
еĺǱ޵Ҳܹľ֮С
ҲܹõһЩͨ
˵ⷽҲ˹ĴӪ󷽣ܸṩ֮
Ȼ˵Ŀǰ˵ûз磬ֻTиʼӣʱƣŹӳ֣ⷽ¾ͻΪԴȪ
ƾһ㣬Ǳͷǳľ޴


579 
ٴʱ򣬳翪һСɽϡ
㲢ûоôŽǣΪ֪Լ뿪⼸µʱ䣬緢ʲô顣
һҪǿѾԷռ죬ôԼȥͶ
һ£Ȼһҡ
žͿռһģȵڳֵʱѾһ
ϸĻ㻹Щơ
һӣǰͳһ⾵
һԼӣĵ˵ͷ
Ȼ׼ķСɽɽµǸСȥ
ȽС֮ڣ㷢ǵıǳɣûеš
Ҫ˵̽ϢȥƵķ㣬˳ӵĴ·һСƹڡ
үס껹Ǵ
һƼţϽǰк
ҾͳԿڷ
ϣλ
ƾͰӭ˴ڵλ֮ϣȻϵĨӺúõĲһ顣
͹٣ҪЩʲô
һ¾ƹеˣЩ˶ǳԵһЩͨĲȣûʲôϡġ
ǣҲˡ
׼¾ƵСˣȻһϾơ
գ͹٣ƲϾ͵
ƴӦһȻȥȥˡ
㻹˵СƹݵϲٶȻǷǳģûаĹǰͰСˣԼһ̺õĻƾơ
ʼԵúòС
ʵĶѾˣʼžƹ֮Щͨ˵̸
֪ɣǵλʦѾüû¶ˡ
ޣ⣬Ǹջѵʲô𣿡
ұıõŮŮ˵͢˶ˣǵλʦսһǵĹʦͺóʱû¶ˣ˵᲻ʲô¶ѽ
ܰɣ͢ôԼ֡
ǺǣԼˣǵǸʦѾѺϱĺ԰ˣ͢ﻹΪԼˡ
üͷϮԼǸɵĵɣǿЩĻʹô˳͢ԼΪѡ
ڿ𣿡
ǵûУȻʦ¶ˣķȴǸǿɵģȻڹʦڵʱȫƿϡ
ЩһϲϾ
Ȼ˵ķҲΪһӣȨǰûɽ˭֪ڽƻ᲻ʲôе˼
ЩǾһŮ˿ƣ
ҾͲ֪ˣȷʵ϶ΪСŮ֮Ǵӡ
Ҳ֪Լڵʱ䣬⸽ˡ
Լλ˻бѽֻԼֻǲڼµʱ䣬ûúϸˣǰѺϴĺͰһ
˵ʵԼЩ硣
֪ԼϲƣҲὫѾֵȨ
Լոմӵλ洩Խϵ˻ûȫĺãҪ⸽סһʱ䣬˲ܹؿȥʱԼʲô¶е
뵽֮ٹ˸ƣСƹݺԺԼ׼һϷ
СƹȻ󣬵ҲӪס⣬ԺЩϾɵƽ
ҲôˣֱӾһ仹ɾķа
ڰʱǳĳӣ㲻й
һֱҹ˾ʱŴӴ
ʼϥһʼ̫Ҿּ
̫ҽּմųܹ֮óɡ
ܹô죬ΪŨԼӳ֮⣬Ҳ벻Ź
˶ڵĹ⿪ʼĻۡ
ЩĹʶһƬĹââӿʶʼľвͣߡ
âÿһȦϵ˾ͺһЩȵ˾žŰʮһȦ֮Ȭˡ
ϵȬһθӦɵϡ
ǸѾóʱûгǰˣһҲø
֪Ͽһһͱƣʵι̵ĲˣڻͻʱӦ񣬻ˣȻϣһٳɹ
ʱڼǧ֮ɽҲ˸Ӧ
ǰһʱʧȥټԴ˲ģΪԼͨ»˶೤ʱ䡣
ڽ׼ЪʱͻȻǱħȣʼͣ
Ҫ֪ħȣɽһɵɽ
ΪɽŵԴӽλ֮ħȾû뿪ߡ
ôϦദѾѱϵ
ħ𶯣֪ôˡ
ǱħƷ³ˡ
ԼùѱȣҲǰº㶯֡
ôֵˣһԼĸ󻼣ܳĹʦˡ
ܿľüͷȻЩͨôӵùԼħȣ
Ҫ֪ѱȾҲҪѲƤ
Ϊⱦ̺һ˿Ĺ򣬿˥뷢
ԥһ£ǴӻȡѱȣȻ󽫱ȷԼĶͷ۾ʼϸĸӦ
͸оڿ⸽һǿڲͣ˸
ǳʵǿ󣬾ĸֹ򶼱Ťˡ
֮һ֣ںӦ
֮ϵʿһ
ʦ˵Ѿﵽ˼£ֻҪٿǰһܴﵽɵı֣Ҳܹⷽɵļޡ
ǰʱϵҲģΪЩûгֹɵģͨҲֻǵˡԼȻһЩǾͬƾŷҲ
ʱɲһˣΪת䣬ѾΪִһͨ·˿˳Ľ֮
ӣܿľ̤һʱһɡ
Ǹʱһɣһõⷽıӣʱƾ߾Ҳϲˡ
뵽ʱϵЩϻˡ
ҪɹˣɽɻкãǺš
ԼٳһΣϣһܹˣԼɽɣ˴󻼡
뵽ʱϵҲ˲ϢˣϽ˴֮ڣһͭӡ
ͭӲͣ죬һĲƣʼɢ
ܿģƬ֮Ͼ˶ʮ⣬Щⶼǣʼɽۼ
ڽв֪飬޳񹦣ҪĽ֮
ʱ졣
һҹһ͸оķңܾʲôõҪ
üֻǽȻ߳վСԺ֮Уϵǳ˳˼
ԼʱͻȻ֮һηֵŤоһصҪռά
һоôˣΪǰҲо
Լ϶һˡ
ԼǸոյĴִλҲû¶٣ԷôԼģ˼⡣


580 ս
Ȼ벻еĹؼǵʱǸǻǻ㲻
Ҳ˳˲ʧάάռ䡣
ڽά֮۾һȻЩˣΪ׵ĻǸϵ
һؿɲκεСӣոһάռ䣬һξͻ˰ɵľˡ
ϵ˿һάʩչ֪ͨǱԼһˡ
ûôֹΪѾסټԼķͲ㻹Լġ
ʩչ˷صͨòգֿ
һ䣬У䣬񶼹֡ޱˣͷǽնħն񣬶Ǭ
ոյ꣬е˷ӦֳֻĹ򣬵ǰƽͬ
ֻиֵĹĽӣͬһֳڻĽս
ֵĸֹ˵ƾУʱĴƽ⡣
ЩӵĹ֮Уһ֣ǽһգ۵Ĺͷ
ˣ㻹ݣ䡣
ڣ٣֤ͨ⣬Ωн⣬ӳ֮֮ţأȺ̳飬й˾ӭʹɥΣ۽ڣ֣ˣ
һ꣬ЩӵĹһν٣ֹܻơ
žһ٣ֱ
һӴڵ̾ͻһС磬ܻƣš
һ
֮⣬֮⣬ǹ⣬֮⣬ʮ⣬
꣬µĳ֣ס
Ĵʩչϡ
һأصִҲÿţҲϲķͨѡ䣬ڵֵħȡ
һߵϵΪѾȲʤȯԶʩͲ⣬ҪԷʩչʲôͨ
ڼϱ⸲ǣֻһ۱㲻ٷϣΪûϳͨĽʲôͬ
ʦû뵽ͨ󣬾Ȼ˥ӵ
ͷϵ
аڱʦΪѣնҪһӦ
˵֮ҲٺǴӻȥľһס
ľƮ˿Уǿеϵ򶼻㼯ԡ
ϵ׳ľ⣬üͷһ壬һ֪ʩչˡ
λѻ֣ʱ
ԱǼʮϵ͵ȵĲͷˣϵһ£Ǳʩչͨ
ֻһűƮ˰֮УŴŹֱײȥ
ⱦҪӽʱͻȻرһ裬Ȼǽ֧֮˹â֮С
ţʮײ
ǽȫһЩһӽŵĽ̾ռ˱ա
µЩʿǼ龰жһ
ʩչʲôȻˢԼʮɵķ
ʱûʱ˼ЩˣȻʱˢ䣬ϵĹҲûͣ
žĹâŸֵĹȥ
һôϮ̾ͻɢ
н⻤壬ЩĹֻǱһձڡ
ڵֵסǵ1Ĺ֮ҲĺȻǰһ磬ֻһһʿԣɽһİƱȥ
ҪǱУ̾ͻữࡣ
ãʿͨҲСֻǿƣҲʧ֮УһΪС
ϵΧ֪ʩչȥĻЩ˻治Ķ֣غȵ
λѣʩչ󷨣ĻϾҪˡ
ϵһ仰ڳˣǸϽķȥȻû׷֮ǰѾոķλվá
ЩʿǸȻһεſֶȥ
һǱֻסΣƶ֣ϵ˿ɳ֮
һ㲢ûʮֵĵģֻӱγǰ񽣣ȻĿʼдʡ
ҽǷϿԣ̤գ̫ˮ޻ˮ嵴ˮλ࣬ȥﲻֹͣ
ոյһ꣬оһŹĽ⣬˱֮ϡ
ֻ͵ķɳ˽ʣȻֱУǾնȥ
±ߵЩʿǼ龰ҲҵϽдʣӴԼķҪס
һǿʧˣǰѱŹļӳֻ֣һͽɹâɵľն˷顣
Щ󷨵ĵʿڱɣһЩͷۻ
վϵղҲţھƣҲˡ
ֻӻһȥħȡ
Ȼķ¡
ոǾոձջأٽһȡϵ׼
Ǿʱоһι
Ҫ֪άĿռ֮УͲʲô硣
ָоһҲ֪ϵѾʩչǱӣҪһȡԼ
һǱȹι֮ǽͻȻ͵ſ
ϵЯĸֹЩײһ̾ͷ˾ҵĦͱը
ĹĿռ䣬ҪеĹȫ
ⱬըм䣬ҺչǷصͨƤʱûܵǣ
ʹҲоԼķڷٵɢ֪أĻٹһʱľ¾ͻᱻγɵɡ
ǰһʩչ˹Դͨͨ
Ҫ֪ǹı壬ڱҪʱǿԽͨġ
һֱӾͿľ룬γɵС
Զһ龰Ͻķ𣬻һ⣬׷ȥ
ϵȻǿ죬Ҳûпͨ
ֻգۼĹϵûټ
ֻεվ￴˿һǸʿˡ
ոյҪȥĵǻϵʱԣͻȻľֻ֣һʨӳǰ͵ؾϵͷ­ҧȥ
ϵһ˵ֻǱһʨӵĹ
ȵϵվʱ򣬿ɾЩˣֻ˱ȣʨӾһȡ
һʧˣʨӲģķ
ʵҲֲãϵΪڵʨӺǰʩչʱһЩԭȵʨȻܶһһƽ͵ķ
ȴͬˣʨûʲô𣬾Ƿǿ͵ĿҲΪѱʨ


581 
ħȻҪϣһûκõġ
ϵ£ʨûκεķʨһԽԣǰצֱϵͷ
ϵԼı޹æһԾǿĶʨӵĽȻӻһ;ͳһССķɽȻ͵һ˦ֱʨӵͷ
ɽСٶȴ죬ֻһգ۵Ĺײʨӵͷ
ֻáһȻǽֱðССķɽȻ˻
ϵһãԭʨһ
Ҫ˵ҵרϵڶԸʱޱȣβҪǶʨȴûκεİ취
ҺԱߵ΢ɵŵӣѾ˹ֻжһɫ岼
Ȼе岼һףֱӾǽʨȥ
ʨӿպգǱɫĲһ֣Ȼǲöȫı
ϵʨӳһȻ̧ͷʼµѰ㡣
һȦҲûзټЩˡ
ԷҪһֱ⸽ŲеıȲͷ
ʱһλߵϵĸȻ˵
㻹ЩҾ죬ǽһȥֽţҾͲ㻹в¶档
ϵ۾һ£Ȼ˵ãȻģ¾ȥ졣
Ҳ⣬Ͼ˵ץոŵĵʿֵ
彵άܿľصάռ䣬Ȼ׼˿ǵķһǱʧ
˵ʱĿǻƽ
ͻȻ֮ڸõϿֳһ̹⡣
ֳ̹֮һλˡ
ֻһֻ飬±߾ȥ
һϵĿҪץļҾ죬ǲû˵ҪץȫץסֻҪһУͿˡ
ˣһûκεֱӾͰеıȥ
ֻ޾Ĺâһһ׹˿⸮ĸá
ڻҪأϵΪһһɱ˵ʱͻȻ֮Ӹ֮ڷɳһ׹⡣
׹һɫľ
ֻһзУһ߿ʼǣȽӽǺɫĻʱѾ˼ʮɴСֱӾͽס
ǻȻǱɫľһ̾Ϩ˻棬ʼ׹ȥ
ϵһ㶣ȻЩԼˣû뵽ڵ¾Ȼĸ֡
ܹסԼķģҲӦǵɵĸˣһĸոŵĵʿֶΣ
ǽЩˣԼ鱨֮Уһߣ֮ͨ⣬û˵ʲôѽ
ƵʱµĸҲ˱仯
ֻ±һɫһƮ
ϵһ鱨лĻˣıϱơ
鱨֮УֻЩıû˵ʲôѽ
ǰɫŽ˰գĶ档
Ұʿҿ⸮
Ȼ˵֣ǲ£Ͼǵõĵɡ
ôηģһιʦնɴȺڻάռеˡ
Сޣû뵽صôȻЩ¡
ƿϮĵˣһ׷ƮƮĵʿ
Ҫ֮ɢһЩصĹ֮ϣƸоһɹɵͣɢ
ǰϵҲǺöԸġ
ϽҲҵ֮ϣ΢΢ǷǷȻ˵
СŮûеλ֪ܲ˺£
ϵûлشƵĻǿ˿бǰɫΪŵĻ
Ȼһ㡣
Ǳɫסı飬ͻȻĿʼŻ⣬ֻһ˲䣬ͽǰɫľճ˻ҽ
Ƽ龰ɫͱˣû뵽ԷǱȻԼķˡ
Сޣʶģһߣʱҹ֮ĵԼ䣬Ź꣬Ļھ𡣡
֮ҲЩˣԼȻԷͨǶԷ޼ɵԼҲ̫СԼ̵ʥĸˡ
Ҳ׼ٺͶԷ˵ʲôˣֻӻȡһ
Եģķ
һţʲôһô˰֮С
Ž֮Ϲ򵹣Ȼͷ
֮ʹ֮ϣɳһĽ⣬˽Ƶ֮ϡ
ЩǷǳʵ֮
֮Щƹռһ֡
Ͼ󲿷ֵ֮ᱻ£ܸһЩҲˡ
һֱЩ֮ԼĹ֮ڣǷţԷһõĵˡ
֮뵽Ƶ֮ϣǽƵҲ˱仯ֻһŤƲˣǰһλŵ
ֻλ΢նĿֳ˱⣬ͷҲֳ˹¹⡣
һ龰üͷһ£ܿľչǰʩչǰ̵Ļ
ǾʩչͨԼʱݵ
˵ⷨһɣ̾ͳΪλĻ
ϧͨзǳǾһı£ȫǿ֮һ֮ľôȫޣҶԱҲǷǳˡ
Ͼһ֮oǿɲһССĳͷܹȥġ
ˣʮֿ϶ΪֻҪԼһʱ䣬Է֮ľԼ֮
ʱĹ۾ǻ۹зų䵽ϡ
ϣʱ
һ仰֮֮Щ֮̾ΰ
Щ֮һľģĶ߲ͣĻơ
Щ֮Ȼĳȥ鿪ʼƽһеķպѾȥ
Ĺ龰Ҳ¶΢ЦȻһֻ־Ķͷȥ
һҪǵˣ΢¾Ҫ£ΪƵĿˡ
ͻȻ֮䣬˶Ŀ¶˳ЦЦݣ֣֮ͱͷȥ
ǹȻֻǽǱҲйһЩͨ
ֻΣʱ̣ǹԲЦȻ͵ľʧ˵أһȫա
һһ˸³˹Ӱ
Ƿ֮ͨеͨ
ҲǹȽֵֻͨҪһſܿԽ޾Ŀռʱ䡣
ȻڵĽƻû£ǼʹҲܹʩչͨĿռ֮ش
һʩչͨάռ֮УӣϾôˣӦͨһ
̤ЬٴȫϹ
Ų֪ôƽͨأֻҪץס㣬ѵʲͨ飿
ĻԼҲǰ׵һֻͨ
뵽ƣ۹ӵˡ


582 ۼ
֮ʹȫʩչԼֻͨڿлһ⣬֣ýƲܶסԼΡ
һȡǼ飬һȥ
ʱĽѾ˹ѾһЩת䡣
ֻλƶ֮УϷŴ֮˼ʮķΧ
Ǳֵо徲ûзգͬʱڵϣ̾ͨ
ڿҴܵҲâУǵҵĸˣâȻҲܹԣЧȴá
ʱı飬ѾЮĹƿ˹⣬ϡ
Ϊһһ˶Էʱņ֣̀ıС
ʱѾǣڱֱ֮
ڵĹոʩչסǱ飬ĹЩ⧲
ֻĿеı˹֮ϡ
žͿһɫѪҺڿƮ
Ȼضʼ𶯣һİ˵˷Ϊ
Щ֮ڹ˵ֻգۼĹ򣬹ϵ˿ڱʧ
Щ˵ȴ߻ħħ
ЩųԼЯ֮뵽֮ڣʼƻڵķ
һĹ򣬽ĻǵĹҲӦֻ̧֡
зĹЩ֮һŵͨ
ͨȴŴȱִɱȫӿ뵽˹֮ڡ
ܴһûʲô£ֻһ񣬽žűһзɴܡ
ǽ͸оԼǱʲôˣ޾Ͳڷֵܹġ
Ҳ˲ٺ͹Եˣһףֻеıͷɵ˰֮УŻһǣܿʼҴܡ
ԼȴϽ֮УҪڵЩȫȥ
ǣղŵʱעʮֵļлһЩȫĽеǹ֮ϣûн𣬷Ǻ
ǷŵĹȻ˳ľӿ뵽ʶ
͸оԼʶ֮ڶһ
ʶ֮ڷŴĹʼʴıԪ
ԶĽƻɵĹʱҲʼġ
ţһʱ¶԰ڡǧʮ˾㡣ʱʳʱ³ֲʳУεѣʳ²ϴѣ
ŹԽԽȻȴԺȻ뵽ԭ֮С
ʱ⣬ԪҲѾϥǹӰ棬Ǳĵǹġվ
Žվ룬Ҳʲô¶һ˿΢ЦҲøӵİꡣ
˲ԭԭȵʱһʿĴ磬ͷѾû˷٣Ϊһеģ
ȵһվ꣬Źɫꡣ
Ľƣ΢΢һЦ֪ѾԼΪ˷ŵһԱ
˽ҲԹ֮Уĵָ
˴һʱڴ޾ķ֮ѹ
۾ȿڲԶ֮еĹ΢Цſлö顣
龰Ͻվ˹ǰȻͶء
޹
΢΢һЦͷһ£ͷϵͷȫ䡣
Ȼͷһ㣬ĵ۾ͱġ
ţһ
ȱա
ˣӽ֮㷨ۼ
л
ۼվȻһԵԸ
ǹʦҷԵڱΧΣϽǰ
ּ
˵֮һȻͻ⣬ʧ
ȵȫʧȥӰǹͻȻɫһ䣬һı仯»˽Ƶģ
ڵĽɫ԰ףǻһ˿Ѫղźս˿ôɡ
ڷѾѾ޷֮סֻ˵ϣϥת񹦣ĻָԼơ
ʱ򣬴Զһ۴ĺС
пͲ󣬳ûֻ࣬۾֮дŴȱ
ͣͣ˽Ƶԣϥڵת񹦡
ǱͣµĽŲҲڽƵԣĬĬؾΪ
˺óһʱ䣬һ۾ŲԶŵĺУ΢΢һЦȻ󿪿ʵ
СУǸʲôĪǿūҵɫ
˽ƵЦĻĺɫûκεı仯ֻƽĿŽƣȻ˵
һʤ߼οͬˣȻҪһ
üǴûм˵ʲôͬŲͬţ
Скò֪ȤʱʲôʱͬţĪҪռūҵıˣ
ǺƽĿŽƣȻ˵㲻ϷŵķճأڼѾˡ
Ƶ˵ͷ⵹пܣŵ㣬Է޳ֵҲֻЩɮ
ЩɮѾѷŵĹ޵Ĳײࡣ
ٿСУķŹǳĴ⣬ͺ͹һģһ
ˣСУķΪΣ
ƶɮԵ
㲻޳֣˴θɣ
λԵ˫ֺʮŽƵ˵ͷȻ˵ұɽ޷𷨣ʦѣŶǰ
ŶʦǺˣ
ʦǴܹʦ
˵ʦ㣬һ棬ѵҲԼˣ
ܹһ֮ʣԼҪ̽һ¡
СУҲŷ𷨣Щв⣬ܷΪҽһ
ԵûоܾŮʩŹ󣬶һŮʩɻ󣬾ܽ
ѵãţſзΪһҪ𣿡
Եһ£Ȼش
δǷ𷨣ִִֻؿ͡δϣԵδԲ
ӵ֤ǽѷ޲徻Դ徻һǳɷ֮
֮һ£Ȼ΢΢ĵͷԵѾš


583 Σ
˵ʱĻۼֱ㱻֮
ͼʮɣվһλͣʩչͨ
ЩͨʩչֻԼԼ֮䣬ǵмһӰӲͣĻζ
ϵѾҵ˶Ըͨİ취Ѿһνס
ۼ龰оЩżϲԣһԼһαǸϵ
֮Լı飬䵽󷨵ıԵΪ۵˵
ʦ֣ѾļҾסˣڲԶһɽ֮С
һʩչͨһķɨܣһ߷תͷ˿
ʦˣϿУվ÷λĪˡ
˵һãȻ󻯳뵽˴֮ڡ
ļ룬󷨱øӵԲеķΧԽӵСˡ
ԭ֮ͨͨͣΧϵĵɸ˷͵Ϯ
Щ˱ֵû취ˣֻǱˮһսʩչǱõ󷨡
󷨿ǵŵͨʵϵһħԭ֮еõһħ̵ķ
Ȼ󷨷ǳֻҪǱУǵɵļҲ޷ѡ
ʩչ󷨵ʱе˶ܵ䣬һʩչоҪ˺100ꡣ
ΪħзǳƻԱɡ
һΪǷͥˣԼЩڵеĵλҲ˲ˣʩչ󷨣С
տʼʱ㻹Լͨ󷨷ϣ󷨵ʩչоԼͨȻסˣеĿռ䶼ӡ޷һ
˴ʱЩˣֻȫʩչͨҪƿеһۣԼ˳ȥ
ȷʵ̫ˣЩɵĸվ־ܹõǵķˣЩ˺ֽ޾֮У˸ա
ǽ֮УһĺɫķͿʼ֮һգ۾֮ڡ
һ˱ɫķմôһᱻڵ񹦣
ȴһȻ˵ҵĹħ󷨲ûʲôˣ޷ֹ֡
ˣ㻹һǹΣʱ̣Ҳֻˡ
ֻһһ͸޾ʱͿռ䣬뵽ڣһ˲䣬ͽħ֮ɨڡ
Ҳ֮дڡ
ٲ취Ļʱƣ˶λԽԽС᲻òֳΣУʱħ֮ͣڣ¾ǹıҲò˵ȥ
ʱۼ뵽֮УǸ
ʱƣλ΢ͻȻĶԼԵһѾһơ
Աߵλʿû뵽Լ֣˸ûзȻͱ˸ʵ
һѪ˳ȻήҲά֮С
ʿĵ£Աߵһʿȥ
ǸʿҲĲԾʱѾ˷Աһһ
ȻĹȴѾˡ
ĵԷȻͻȻڧȻ֪еԭ򣬵ԼѾΣĹͷ˵Щ˸ϽʩչֻͨһͿȱ󷨡
֮ʱŭղһע⣬ԼͲԷ֮С
ڵҲ׼ˣֻٴεһΣһα˰ɵľˡ
׳ֻľ֮У⡣
ȻһֻͷҲƮһػ棬ŵĻˡ
ִӻȡ˿֮Ķǿзųһḷ́޾Ĺ֣Ҵܡ
ϵѾʹѹ׵ֶΣҲҵһȡħȡ
Ҫһζȶ
Ǿʱִӻȡһö죬ҡһҡ
ҡֻάռйһ硣
ǱιĵطеĹ㱻ֻԵĹ
ʱϵħȻȶȴûκεĹึûκε֣ͨҲûʲôвˡ
ϵ⡣
ֻħȷŵԼǰȻдʣ⣬һѪħϡ
Զ֪ϵʿҪǴˣǲҵһ֮еľ̴ŹȻһˮͰֵɫʹֱ֮ϵ
ڵϵոһ룬ɫ͹˲±ߵˣֻǱĶ㵽һԡ
ոյĶ磬žһɫĻͻȻԣϵӿ
ϵһؿЩմ塣
ΣʱԱߵһó׼ʱȡһľ«Ȼź«ףžһȪӺ«˳ϵϡ
Ҳ֪«ʲôˮȻһӾϵϵ
ϵŴ֮վֻԱǸϵõ˵ͷ
Ȼһξħȣʼдʡ
ϵԶļʿ֪ʱܱš
̾ͽϵΧڵм䣬֮ʩǵܲһϡ
ʱټϵм䣬֮ҲٹʹԼķʼ׷ĵɡ
ЩȻҲǵɵĵǱȴ࣬ڱȫԸϾͼֲסˣֻǼغϾ͵ˡ
Ҳôģ˭Ա߻һڰæء
Ҫ֪ڵ֮еȻȲϵҲһĸ֣Աǣƺü˵ע
ֻǼĹϵһ߾Ѿʮˡ
ЩȻˣһôҲЩͨûеĻʧеļΧ£һԣŶԷ֡
Щ˵֮Уϵǰ꣬һ۾ò԰׵㣬¶Ц
ϵħȣ¡
Զ㣬Ȼڲͣ׷ɱĵɣȴû뿪ϵڼԼæͨһ
յıܹϵͨ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôԭȵʱͨһܿ޾գϵ
ȴоպһ޷Ĵ󲻵òֳΡ
һ̴ϲΪղѾˣû뵽Ȼһ
һξħȶҪһ¾Ҫ


584 ʮطƵ
УϵԼ£о֪á
֪ħȵһܹѣΪʯָܹ硣
ڵλѾˣҲزǸˡ
Ҫ˶Էħȵĵ̾ͻ˥٣ԼҪ
ֻʩչѹ׵ıˣҲٹԼͣѹ󷨣ϥ֮У뵽ʶ֮ڡ
޾γеĹ˸Ӧ
֮ϣ±߸΢΢һЦȻ˵
磬Ѿĩʱڣ𷨲ԣԴֻͨǿܹ֮ɳ磬ⲻǳ֮ƣҵѾɵѾסҵǰʱ򡣡
˵仰֮󣬹Ϸ⡣
Щһֱӹľ֮ӣܿγȺգǡ
ܿľ;ˣ޾άеĸʥ
ЩʥһĿ˼ôͨչȥδ
ܿǾͷӦѾʱ̣ⳡսʤǶֻǱ޾֮УҲ޷ϵ
ЩʥҲǸŹ⻪Ȼһӿ˹ľ
Щ⻪Ǹʥܶõ
Щ⻪룬ԵøӵʥϵıҲһЩײı仯
ʱ΢΢һЦȻһֻľһָ
⾻±ߵ֮Уðһ
գۼĹͳһ׵ĴСȻʵĹâ
ЩȻλ˵
˭ȥǷ磬ǰȥҵһ֮
±ĸһŹ⣬ȻƮ˿Уϡ
ʱһ㣬Ȼһ⻪ٴηų⼸پʧ֮ڣգۼĹһΧ
ʱǷ̾˷ӦֻһĹ򻯳ⷽεĻס
֮⣬ΧеĻ֮Ҳʼͣػ֮Ȼֱεʼɨȥ
ѾΪߵظλԻ֮һɨУҲ
ʱεͻȻһ٣һɺ㣵Ҳˡ
ĳ֣еĻ֮֮ȫƽȻȻһӿ뵽˹ľ֮ڡ
˱̾;֮ǵдǡ
رǹֻԼ͵Ŀʼʶţ͸оԼͻȻһַǷ״̬
״̬֮У;ԼΪһ壬Ĺָӡ
߾磬ʮȾأƵء
˾ͨѾͷûʲôˣֻ²ԣ޷÷Ӿ硣
ڵĹǴ־硣
˹ƣǷһץ
ʱΣе㣬Լסλܾ;תֻһ˲ĹǾǷΧ
ȵĴۿʱֻǰߵĹʢ
ڹмһλʼ徻ɾͣշ磬
ƣƮӵ޾֮Уһһ
ղ赲ǷһҲʼðͬʱҲųһĹ⻪ϵӦ
ԭǹҲⷽɾ͵֮λڵֱӳɾʮٿǰһǷӡ
һɾͷӣôⷽŵĽ
ⷽҲʼ͹໥ӦҪùͶУ̳ɾͷλ
һ˸Ȼ֮á
ֻһҲɾ֮λǰɾͷ֮λֻ˫ĿŲ
ڵ͵ǰһ壬ͻһ⣬뵽˹֮ڡ
ʱһ۾ǰʮλɵĸˡ
Щ֮ǰĹԾĿɿڴȻ˵һƬͿȴǰλݡ
㿴ǰˣһ£ԼʩչŵͨܿľܽǶɻЩٲһ޺
ԼɲҪɾͷŵķӣҪΪ֮ⷽ
ȿǵԼ֮⣬Ƿŵš
㲢ûʩչͨɻһֻƣȻ͵Щɵĸѹ˹ȥ
Ķһķ̣һĹҲ֮ڡ
žһɽĳ˵ǰ
ЩɸǿﻹҪʲôȻѣǲȴͨѹ
ֻĿɽ£ǵ壬ɽصǷ֮ڡ
ʱڿ⸽һСɽԱߣͻȻͣ춯
Զũ̧ͷֻһ޾ĸɽ
ɽ»˸żʮĹâҲ֪ʲô
Ÿɽ£ǴԶСɽֱӾͱѹ˷ĩǼʮâҲʧ
žһ¡¡𲨿ʼӣܿľʹ˼ǧľ롣
Ȼ˵ľԶƻȴǿǿһũҵû𵹡
Χ㣬΢΢һЦתͷһλͷ˵
Ŷʮ˽һдãߣǰɽϿأȵ֮ոһ
λͷӵķԸЦݣĵ˵ͷȻǰʧΣȵٴγֵʱѾһɮϥǸոµĴɽɽ¡
㴦һ֮ͻȻоԼĻʼųԼ
һѵһβʶҪԼ
ǺܿģʹڤڤеиоԼľ̫ͣԦ
ֻеȵɾɣܹȫĿƣϾҪɾͷӵ
΢΢̾һȻһķ
ո뿪۾ֳ˴ȱ֮ɫ
ѣʱ䲻ˣϿɾɣĻôȥ𡣡
ĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ڵλѾⷽһȻ˵ݷֽϵһ顣
λǽȻͬģȥǾͻụ
ˣֻΪⷽһɣȻļӳ֣Ϊⷽ
ǸʱĹĵܹƽϢ


585 
»⣬Ƿ硣
ȵһγԭʧĵطȴĵòѾ췭ظı仯
ԭСɽѾȫˣڳǰһǧɵĸɽ
ɽ֮£омʮڲͣţ֪Щɵ
ղʩչͨʱѾֻ֣ǽЩȫڸɽ֮£ȴԼɾ֮á
ĻƾŸɽѹ£Щɣûһܹŵġ
ɽȥǸɽľ߹ʱ򣬱䲻õԣóһͨ
ȵߵɽʱ򣬷һɽڶһͷӡ
λͷӱ˫ۣдʣϷһȱ֮ȾŸĶ
ͻȻеľֹͣ۾վɽ㣬æվСǰͶؿ˵
޹
˵ͷȻȥͷ­һ£֮˵꽫꼲ޡ
λͷ֮ϲʤȻ˹ĳŵķΪȫķġ
λͷȴû˼
꼲ޣҲ꼻
Ҫ֪꼻ֻһҹ
˼˵λͷӵĹͣܳһҹ
ת˸ɽεԶȥλ»صɽ֮УǱĿоġ
ɽ£ͷֿһɽ¶һ˿ЦݣһЩɸ˶ԼסˣǵôԼԵУ
˵ʱԱ߹˸ոĻۼ
㿴˿λڵĻۼС
۾һתȻ˵ʱ㲻ţתԼɣпƷֲķҵϢ
λۼе˵ͷ֮ת뿪

㲻Զһƽ֮ϣһһŮϥ񹦡
ŮӲˣ˵ĽƣԱ߸ľǱ㻯Ե
ʱһӰӰ˽Ƶ
ʱùˣ֪ˣԵȴӰ
һ÷𣬲һϾͷģɿԼķµϥ
ԭ˲ˣǽ鷳»صǵ㡣
ǰһߵ˽ƵȻԼ֣˽Ƶͷ
žһº͵˳ŽƵͷ뵽֮ڡ
ƷǳϤķõġ
˽Ҳ赲֮صתһϵ˱㿪ʼٵϡ
ȹ˰ʱ۾Ȼסͷϵ֣ԼϣĦ
ܿľַӦ滹һԵأ˸Ͻķվ
ʱԵҲԣ˫ϥ򵹣ֺʮ
Եʦ
˵ͷȻ˵ķȻҿдʦǹȥ֮ɳĹȵɾͷӵһ죬Ҳһλ
лʦûаղŵĻϣȻ϶Ĵ֮ʦ
ԵԽҲεҡҡͷʵ㲻ɽ޷𷨣˺£
ʦŸɵĵɸҪΧʦǰ
ЩпֻԼ˼ŵľ䣬ͶԼĹлῴҪһЩôˣܲԼĺ
ȻʱҪɽˣҵԡ
ǣʦ֮
Ե֮תűԼ첲Ľʵ
Ҳڵʱ䣬Ͽʲô·
ģϻƽĴҲûΥ
ĬĬĵ˵ͷֻҪǻϵıȨôҪͲʲôѡ
ܿľע⣬ƶѾһȻһϲ
Īǵĺˣ
ҸЦݡ
һӣڸ֮ڣݺտء
֮¶˿ϲȻ˵ΪûŮǣǰֺγûźһкء
ԸԳˣһҲȲˡ
ߣǻسȥ
ƶ̬ȷǳ⣬΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻĸ첲һ򿪷ȥ
Եĸ棬ܿ˾ͽ˿ǡ
ȵص˸ۡ˧ǻ׶
Ȼ㲻ڵʱнѹұϲżʵлЩġ
ǵĹǻˣԵŵҲǷ¡
صֵµĹܼңԲ׼һ䷿ȻŽƴҴҵȥլˡ
լ㻹ûнݣķ֮ھ͸оһӡ
е˼ǣȻѾˣǽɫľķ
ɲһճӤеľ󣬾ʢ̫ӿҲû
Ӧǿʵķɨ²ܹõġ
ƿͣ˽ŲЩ죬䡣
๫ôˣ
粻Ҫ֪Լͷ죬޾ȻûиԼ֮УһճӤϣЩԴˡ
еĽҲо̬ȣĵͷ֫Ҳʼڵ㣬չֳ˳̬ȡ
㿴ǾԼʾһЩ
Žƽ˷䣬ߡ
֮ͼƵѾݺһӤڵصⲽǻ¶˴Цݡ
ݺ죬źոյѹ㣬Ͻʩ
˵ǰһĻнӹСϸĹۿ
ֻ˯ȥü֮䣬㿴⺢˼ԼӰӡ
ټѪָо㲻ɵһů⺢ӱԼǰĺźӵĶͷĦ
ĽƣҲ۾Ц
ֻվڽԵݺҲЦݣ¶˳֮ɫ
㱧⺢ڵת˼ȦȻתʽơ
ûУ
ԣһ˯еĺӡ
ֵȻҪֻȡһʯͷ
㱧źһ£Ȼ˵ôǶӾͽ
־Щ֡
Ҫ֪׸֣ĸֽ֣ȴû֪ʲô˼
ʵԼĶΪҲмĺС
ָͳˣȻҲǵʮֱ֮һӡϡأ֮δвɱҲ
ԼĶ֣ԼĶΪһ˲֮ġ
͵ϵĻȻƣǺܶ˵ͬǲ֪ʵǴŵ
ִӻȡһ𶧣֮һɽɫĻ棬ܿö𶧾ͻ˽ˮ
Ȼһһ丽ˮ֮С
ˮȴһơ
ϱ߿Լӵļ伪黰
Ա߿ţһ㶣Ȼĵ˵ͷԭҲˣղŷųǷ䲻Եģһͨӡ
ֻҪǽѪһʸϣܹͨöƣǷصͨԱȫԼҵ


586 Ӣķ
ĵڶ죬ȲټԼĸ£˽Լڵ⼸£·顣
±ߵ⼸µĶ
Ҫ˵⼸£»ҳһ࣬˺Ͱ̴սСͨϳǻǱԷȥˡ
ɽ֮⣬ʡҲǷرڽźϵĽʡһλ˽ܳ
˽
ֻһͨµҲ֪õʲôȻһ񹦡
ڿ԰ɽٶһΣ֮
ĺǰͶ´ҵʱǵǸһ̾;ۼ˼ǧˣƾ⼸ǧǹǰկֻ˼µʱ䣬ͼĽʡȫռݡ
ڳ͢е˳»ʵۣԼܵĵطңҲǷǳżɳԼĸ󽫣ĽǰȥΧˡ
ݵʱʹ޹ͽ𴸣˶ﴳУֱӾͽԱ󽫸Ҿ֮С
Ľµһ壬ҳһţȫû
Ҫ̫ܽԳѹˣڳ͢Ѿĳˡ
Ҫǽϸʡķ⽮͢ҳһţȻʼΥϽ͢˰ҲӲ͡
ڵǴܳ˳»ʵܿƵĵطҲǾһˣĸʡƿء
֮оһϲ
ԽңڵԽΪΪЩܹвĵɣѾѹɽ£ڵ˵һĸ֡
ʱԼ;Ͽȥռ̣Ǿɵˡ
ͺµһ£Ӧöɽ̽ͬʱ̵̲ĵ̡
ʱȫͿ˵ضϱͨ·ֻҪϽͿռ쳤ϵĴƬĵ
ĵǺãȴɲˡ
Ϊһ߸ո׼򶫽ʱͻȻڱ߹
ѾԳƽ֮ͳ15ʼºϣҪ㣬̲ĵ̡
սЩЦ˶е鱨ԼԵĽ˵
˻⣬кģһûҪأҪȡҵĵ̶
΢΢һЦȻ˵ˣ๫ϻһܵĻһȡ˽ʡ
˵ͷܿľüͷ
Ҫ˵ϻС£ҾǺ£ҳʱ򣬰̵СҺϿ֮κΣ
ЦһЦ
๫ǣԵ֮
Ҳ֪Щ£ټǶıҲһͳ˧
ʱĹ۲з֣ƺͰ̻в岻ϵȻ˵ܵס̣Ȼаյġ
ãˣҾͰѺϽˣֻҪسǳҲˡ
ǣһж๫İš
ƿдӦ㣬ʵȴ뷨
Ҫ֪½һĶģ˭
˽ƴ⣬㱱ϵʱͷڰеӦһټܿССˣȻɽ
ǸʱʵŵʡֻҪڿ˾ܣôûжˡ
֮Űʼ뿪˿н
߳˼ǰ߾սǽȻǳѾ¶˼ޡ
㲻òӿŲֻʮʱ䣬͵µĵ·ϡ
˵λԴ˵һ·˳˳ˮҲڽܵʱһ̫شʱǹ޲ˣս޲ʤһ޹ͽ𴸣ܵС
ȻҲ˵ΪǲǱ˴ģԼһشͲˣЩֵֹܹס
Ϊڽܴ֮׼ºϡ
㻹˵ֵµЩ˻սֻ˼ʱͽϼռ졣
㲻òı·ߣӿԱһεͷϣŵסĽ
Ȼ㣬Ҳ֪µЩҲǰ׸ģҲǳĽһСݴͣ׼ս
ĴӪկֵµԶһСɽϣִԶԶĹۿľ
һеһ
Ϊķ֮УԷľ֮һɫľڲͣơ
ԶԶģֻǿһۣͱˣҡͷβһεʾ
ĬĬһ£ԼĶͷһ໤Ǻ֣ԼĶӺˡ
ԼĶֻǸոյĳ£ҪûԼ׵Ļ»ȡ¡
ڶϣµĴðսԴͳ˴ӪӪկǰֵҪ
һӪŴ󿪣žһ˳
ϸƣֻڻɡ֮£һˣ̬ýһƥϹֻ޴һӢ۵̬
֮Уʹþ޴ͽӦǶȴ̬ӯһ
֮󣬶ǻɡµС߿趯˫ǰ
һָֻһߣȵһүүսٺϡ
µλ˾Ȼ˵Ҳһŭڡ
Ķͽؽ䣬Ѿ赶ֱǶĴ󽫡
һֱ¡
ΪղֻսһۣͷֶԱϵѪֱ
佫ǼЩͨ·ûͱѪɢˡ
ƾؽèĹ򣬿һ־ͻᱻԷˣЩͨǵ㷨ϲ˶Ա
ԼСˣȵһؽ䲻еʱҪ־
˵ؽ赶ǰеָŶȵͨգ²֮
ԱС΢΢һЦ
Ӵţôչ¼Ͽȥ
ؽ俴ԷԼиŭţҾϵĹ㣬ϻŷҾͲ已̥ܵסҵͨ
ҲٺͶԷеֱͷ­ȥ
ԷĴ󵶣Яĺ磬ֱԼͷ­
̧Լֵ֣޹̽ϵֵ
ֻáॡһ
ؽеıͱķˡ
ؽͽǰʱ˶ǶԷҲҪ򼸸غϣû뵽һضԷֻһִ̧еıͷˡ
ûȥˡ
ؽ뵽֮ҲٴˣתͷԼǰȥ
ӣȴѣֻýһš
µƥ̾һǰ׷ȥ


587 ޵
ؽǰܣں׷
ؽȻߣǲûзɱģĵơ
һɰؽһΪһƥԣֻǶ̶̵ĹͿҪ׷ؽ䣬ʱԷֻҪһܰҵùǶϽۡ
ؽҲٵȥֻӻһͣ̾ͳһССᦡ
ⶫԵģõıᦡ
ǰʱؽƾ֮ȡϽ׼̽ȡ
˳ʱؽǳӰʱʱԼ
ôʱ䣬⵴귫˼㣬ѾԶԶĳ˶Ѿ͸ʱģ
ΪؽŸҳԵС
ֻؽŵᦣдʣҡҡ
ǵ̾ðһɭĺںɫĹâ
âֻһ£Ȼ뵴ᦣһգۼĹ򣬾ͱȥ
׷ؽҲɵӣҪ֪ǵʥʱȻ书ǶЩĶЩɵġ
֪Էͽܵʱʵ˽䱸
Ȼ׷ؽ䣬ȴûκεķɣֻ۾Ķǰ
ʱͻȻؽӻȡʲôȻһҡȻžһںɫĹâֱԼš
龰æִǰһǺںɫĹâе޹ͽ𴸣̾ͱɢ
Ϊ˶ԷʱɢķĺںɫĹâȻڿͣһ֮󣬾ͻǵС͵Ĺâһ
һûа취ֵˣдв
Щâһӿ֮ڡ
ǰߵؽһп¶һ˿Ц
ҵͨҲҪ־ܡ
ؽտµս֮γ
׼ţһתȥ͸Էһ׼ȡˡ
ǽؽľս
ԭЩڹȻڣʱͻȻϱһѪɫĹâЩâֻһ񣬾ͽǺڹȫ塣
еĺ⣬ֻһɨǺɫĹâȫıɻҽ
ʱҲѹҧгݶǰߵؽ
ֻϵǺԽԽʢȻӳ壬ʼڣһεĻ棬Χ
ؽ֪Լǵֱ֣ͨˣӦøϿ쳷ߣĻѱ
ڰеĸֵ͵һףҪƾֵһ׷ٶȡ
ǰһҲ⣬ִֻǰһģǷɵͱķˡ
һ߿°ƥ̾ͿʼȻſֻǼĹ򣬾ͺؽƥ׷˸ͷβ
ؽѾŵûǺûκΰ취ֹܹ񣬵ʱֻܱĿˡ
ʱУɱһˣֻżأֻգۼĹ򣬾ؽԣԼȭͷֱ
ʱѾ޹ͽ𴸣ؽҹȥͻȻ֮ǰһˡ
⸾˴ֻһ㣬ȴһ˸еµϢɢ
ڼ⸾˲ԲһȭԼҲҵе޹ͽ𴸣ڿתһȦֱ⸾˵ȭͷ
ΪԼһȥԷһǶϽۣԼڶȡ⸾˵
ʵصһֻǸȭͷ޹ͽײһʱ򣬾ȻĴļߡ
Ҫ֪޹̽𴸵ֻһмٽأټϵЯľԼĹԣûмǧǵֵסġ
⸾ֻƾԼȭȻܽ޹ͽ𴸷˻ȥɼ⸾˵жжʵ
ʱҲҵˡ
ȥߵؽ䣬ǻӶ˫ǰĸ˲ͣȥ
λĺ޹ͽ˼£Ҳʼв档
ԵĶѾѾŵϴ󣬺ܹһѼ
Ϊ˲֪Ǹ˲ԵģԼĽʬ
⽩ʬʱļѾﵽ˷ʬľ磬ɣͭͷԡ
ĽʬȻֵסһ˵已̥ɼ
̾˿ԶѾ˵ĽʬĶ֣ȥ⽩ʬͷˣǸϿٻΪá
Ѿ˵ͷȻһǰȥʱĽʬѾҵЩͷת
ѾҲӻͳһѼȻ͵ľȥ
Ǽһ뿪Ѿ֣оͻɫȻͷȥ
ڱӶֻ޴ͣĹʬҪٽ⽩ʬҳɷ顣
ͻȻ֮䣬۽ǵ⿴֮нȻ͵һͷֻѾɫ˹
Ҳ£ȴѾ˲ǽʬˣֻһԱһʱĺǽʬ˾롣
趯Լ޹ͽϵֵ
ĶѾ¶һ˿Ц
޹ͽ𴸾أҵĽԼҲ֮ء
ǽ飬ȴȵĲϡ
ԭǶ޹ͽϵֵ
צȻ޹ͽ𴸸ҵĻĽ⣬ʧ
ڵĶѾѾǾȵĲ֪˵ʲôˡ
⻹ǶѾͷһμܹƾԼͷ࿹⡣
ҪӮˡ
Ҫ֪ѾǼɲǷרŴĽ
һλʴţϵҲʼ
ǰһʱʱ򣬶ѾԸܵѷ̺֮һڤڤһγȵʱա
ȻСƷȴǳĸߡ
ڶѾеļǰʱ˼
ѾƾⷨǸŸɵĸˣɵķҲֵܵһ
ڱԺķȻһ已̥ˣβȣβеɥ
ڳǸʬѾӻУ˶Ѿԡ
˵ǰ˶ѾطٻͷǸѾӰ
ʱŭӶֻ޴ǰ￪ʼ
Ұ޵ķ࣬޳ܵЩСආǰбµүүҴսϡ
㿴˿ǰҫ̾˿ҵڽ˵
Ϊҹ۵󣬴˧ǰȥһޣһжı£ҿڳԡ
ѾҪԳ󣬸æǰһסͷȻ˵
ʦ֣һ֮ôܹ佻սҳȥȡ
ٶѾǽ֮⣬бıԼһͨҲǰ
ҡҡͷȻ˵Ȼ已̥ʲףһķκβǲ֣ǰȥĺá
˵֮󣬾ͲǰС


588 
߶Сǰǰʮľͣ㡣
Ѿ˶һŵ۵˴Ҳûмֻǵǰžִָ˵
Ǻˣͨš
΢΢һЦȻ˵´ܹʦҲ
˵仰֮ͣһ¼Ц˵Щ£βͶҵ£ڻǰԼ䣬Ǹ߹ٵ㷴͢ΪһǿĶࡣ
һ⻰Ц
ΪҪ˵ʲôԭЩ´ĵ
˵һдָ˵ܣʹ·Ӣ¹֮ʱʶĸϿͶҿЩҲΪ㣬С٣ȫҡ
һĿЦԼȰԷģڿɺˣԷȻͶȻ˾ûʲô˵ˡ
ȻҲ˵ӱȡ񽣣ǰ趯еıֱӾȥ
ڰϣ޹ͽ𴸿ƮƮı¶һ˿мЦ
ѱܹҲûʮ޹ͽ𴸣ֻҪһȥܰҷɡ
ĵľִǱ˹ȥִҲִǰȥֱš
űۼŶԷ־޴ֱԼнȻ֪ԷҲΪԼ֮ҲСҲûȴеıҪͶԷ޹ͽһ
áॡһ졣
ʾ;һɾеıдȫҲȣֻǽżƥ˼
Ҳò˶٣Ϊһܹ׵ƿԷıȻԼִȡ
뵽һ֪ԷҲСȻ޹ͽ𴸸ˣҽų֮ȻҲ˼
һֵĴɾˡ
ʱǵһ˿㣬뵽
Դӳƾ޹ͽܵУһ֣ҲƾŵŵͨҪϵĹ򣬿ҲҵĶ֡
ǻҵ̫࣬ҲƾҲ͵Ϯ֣ǶʿȻܹƾһƮƮı޹ͽ𴸸ˡ
뵽ʱҲ֮ģʼ㡣
һҲǰ̾ԭ㳤ȻòڣȫȴһӢ̲У֮һƮƮɵʣˡ
ȻǴܳĹʦĸ֡
Ȼ̾Էȴûзµ⣬ֻ߶°趯ֵ޹ͽ𴸣һȥ
㿴ڵҲûкˣһδǰ趯Լ񽣣ʼڶԷս
ֻ裬һѽشͽ𴸵ֽڼܡСŭڣʿ޾ɫһ֧ڱ̿գһһֻƲ񷡣
˫ǰս100غϣȻ¡
ʱУҲѾ˸ղŵ֮ģԷСֻƾ已̥ܺԼ֮սôʱ䣬ڷѾͷһݶˡ
ҸҪǣе񽣿ɷͬСɡ
һıֻһмܾͻϳɼڡǶԷ޹ͽ𴸺˼£ȻֺɼеǽҲǷ
ҪʤԷһʱ治ףֻܳıȡ
һʱҲڲתͷսǰ100֮͵ľͽеı˳ȥ
ڲתͷٴκţתͷһ㾹Ȼܳȥ100ףһɡ
ԷȻҲоʱ򣬴սôʱ䣬ԷӦǾˡ
ھȡ߶°ֱ׷˹ȥ
ҪǰȻ˶ԷĴ֮󣬽Լ¡
ʵǲпģֻͻȻһ⣬գۼĹǰ
æֵ޹ͽ𴸣ڵ
ǰ񽣲Ľ𴸿ֻڰлһߣͳ֣Ȼһ¡
һ£ջԼ޹ͽˣֻǿĲһӣҪ⵽⡣
ǣǵֻԵƫһ·򣬾һζ׼࣬һҲסˡ
ֻǳ̾һĿ
ʱͻȻ֮һɺⷺ𣬽һɫͷͳ˺֮У֮һ
һ֮ϡ
ǵⱻУڰ֮ͣһ£Ҳۼֿ죬龰æת˰һԣŶһ٣
ǰŶԷ̾һȻԷӣϵ壬ڱҪʱܹȶԷһ
ԷȻӹҲûʧ
ղǺȻŵԼ񽣣ֻգۼĹǺͿʼήҡ
ղžȻҲĲ١
ٴ䣬ǰе⣬ֻڰͣһ£һȥ
һǼСģִִֵ֮
ֻĻӶдԼȫ»ʵʵзǹ⣬Ȼһʱ
΢΢ĵ˵ͷֲһֱܵУƾһϾС
ϧʥҪһħ磬ƾգ´ȥá
ڸ֮̾󣬴ӻȡһͷΣ򵱿һס
Ƿͷ֮УŻһźɫĻ֮ǻ֮һ˵С
ʱڰæ֮תͷƣֻϿճһֻˡ
ѾĻˣĻʼһ߷
һо֪ãԷһԼǿֵҪһԼɾ͵סˡ
ڵ£ߣҲ߲ˡ
ԭǰֽһֱҷ裬Ȼ˲񣬿Ҳûа취
ڴʱͻȻĴ֮Уɳһ⣬⣬ֱǰеĻˡ
ϸĹƣԭⲻԵģһ⡣
ֻ֮Уһͻһɫľ֮צؾͱǻ˶ȥ
еĻ˺Ҳ֪ǣֻ񣬿ʼڿкս
ֻǻ˲ʱķų棬ĿС
Ҳӿһ⣬ǸʽĻϨ
˲ʾԼצֱͷ­
ҡڵ̧ͷֱ˵צҪֻצֱӵҧϡ
һһڰ֮صķ裬Ȼǲ¡
Դǲûиеʲôȡ
ȻճȺҪУûһҵҵ֧ţҲܹô졣
ڶĵҸ˼Σ־Ҳ֮С


589 
һֽΧһִŶľ󺰵
һλ˵ˣһ
ľ֮߳һλٸ
㿴ٸüԭ㻹ʶˣǵɽɹá
Ҫ˵λɹãҲһĺܣͨҲǲСû뵽Ҳ뵽֮С
ɹüǰһָ
ֻϣ̾ͷһ׹⡣
ıڽӽ׹ʱ̾ͻźǲĿƣҡҡ׹
Զ龰ѾҲҵæٴ䣬Զһָǰѱٴ˾񣬲ûмΧǵɻС
һУҲûֹ
ֻǶԻЩ˵
㲻ʦ֣Ϊҹ۵󡣡
Ҳ֪Լõ׸Ǽæ˫޹ͽ𴸹ţȻ˵
ɹöСģȻȥˡ
ɹõ˵ͷӻ֣˼˵Ͽ뿪
վڶһпûֹΪȻ˵һİĻٿһеӦλɹá
ȵ˻صԼʱɹٴתͷ˵
ʦղһпɺã
΢΢һЦȻص˳û˼ȡ
ɹһüһת֪ʲô˼ˣ
ǰһʱŸɼʮλɵĴǰȥΧ㣬֮ûϢ
λʦȻúõĳǰôͲԶˣӦǸλɵĴѾʧˡ
Ҳ֣ЩɵĴܣʧ֮Ȼû˸ϢɲԭǴɵԼ
㿴ɹ˳˼Ľеֽ²Լı
֮ٴһ㣬ڿеĻ»صУ˷ͷΡ
ǰеʧȥ˶֣Ȼĵ
üֱӾ̧һ״˹ȥ
ֻһڰеֱӱķ˼£ٴڿסΡ
һá
̧ͷһǱ࣬΢΢һЦҲ̧֣һץ
Ǳ̾ͻһ⣬У±⡣
ýԼĻУȻǰ㣬д˹ġ
ȻΪͨСǺǰλʦǲʮǧ
һظǰΪǱʮλɵĴסΪܹǰ޼ɡ
ǵǰŷ㾹Ȼھ֮УѾˣּסۿҪʧŲòֳΣǰ
ʱһֱûж֣ΪλɹûЩøеģɽϣλɹüγҲЩꡣ
ɹã㲻ڶ֮У޵ǰ£ЩԸ񡣡
ɹ֮󣬳̾һȻ˵
غɵĳˣҲɼ
ĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ˣһ
ɹ֮Ҳĵ˵ͷǲˡ
ɹĶ˵ͷŽżأϾƮ˰֮С
ӻٴͳǱ⣬ʼ䣬һ⸽֮ϡ
Ǳⱻ֣ܿľͿʼŤһһαһһһõС
ʦҪˣҪСĽ䱸
˵ͷŴӻлȥ˷ͷΣֻһףǷͷζɵ֮Уٴλ˻֮󣬾ͷʼ
ü龰ҲٵеҲ׵˰֮С
һ뿪õ֣̾ӭͳûмĹ򣬾Ѿһʮɳľ
˺ͷһʼڰٴη˼ս
վڰ֮еãһУ֪Լһʱòǻˣӻٴȡһֻıһ
һУ̾ͿʼųɫĹâֹâܿľֵõ֮ϣԵôʥ
öõҪıƾö޵磬ǡ
ԶⱦҲ⣬ֻһԼıǰֱ̾ͳʷɵǰһָֻֽĽһơ
ֽͻһ磬ֱӾԶõͷ­ȥ
û뵽ǣѱڽӽŵİ׹ʱ򣬾ȻķٶȣȻҪĿơ
ղʶһأǵʱ㲢⣬ΪԷֻǳԼųɹû뵽һԼȫ䱸Ȼ벻׹Ϊѡ
㲻ҵæٴ䣬Ҫٻǰֽ
Ҫֽ֪ҪıļΪԲͣΪۼٶȡ
ô䣬ôʩչͨٻǰֽô㶵ڰ׹֮вӦ
ֻ¶һ˿΢ЦȻ֣ץסǰսĽУȻصԼǰ
ԶţһҲЩˡ
ԼôҲǵɵļ£ǰλȻͨСԼΪɲ࣬ǾȻǰԼķ⻹˵á
ҲܰеĻˣ
ţд񣬳µȹݳ˳ƣϻɽ𣬳壬ۣͯ棬ִ¼筲ģУƷţմɣϻ񣬽ţ仯Ӥİ꣬ףڣݳ˾ƣңϿ£س棬ҳ
е䡣
Ǵб仯֮жܹƾٻ𣬿ԷٻһУ
ڰ֮ͻȻֳһССĻ磬һְ¶ȾͿʼٵ
ضԶã֮һӣڰеСҵĿһ͵ľƮȥ
С翴ڰƮƮٶȺʵֻգۼĹ򣬾Ѿõԡ
ʱòŸоС
Ȼ׹εĻУȻоһɹˣͣϮ
ü龰֪ãϽٴ
ǰ׹ٴοʼ
һأ׹ɢŹȵС磬ȻκεãС׾ٵĴ͸ǰ׹ȥ
绹ûнӽɵľ룬Ѿоһ޷̵
һҲڰдסˣϽһڰлһӾͳȥ˼ء
Ϊǻ磬ոͣסεʱϾ͸оǹһγڵԡ
һϾͱɫԭС羹ȻĵģĸԼԣղʩչܳȥأù


590 ұ£κչ
Զ㲢û׷ȴһֱϵǶС֮С
ֻһǶС̾ٴηϮֻʼ͵ͣһСһСĻ
һ͵͹âֱͺٴγһ̫һ
һÿЩевסˣȻĹȻڲͣϮ塣
οһڰе̫Ȼʼ׹
һòٴζֻһλ˺Զȥ
еǶģ׷ԣգۼĹǾʧǰӰ
˵üԦͨһֱ򱱣100ľ룬ҲûаǶ׷
Ҫͣ½Ųһսʱ
ǶɫĻȻǰԶϨ֮ʧ֮С
ÿ龰͵һȻʲô̾һϷĵ˵ͷ
֪λʦǱɽϵ㣬ĹԼ
㣬Ҳֻǿôһ۸һոŵĵˣ˼䣬û뵽µƹ
һҲûٻصǰˣϾһأڶΡ
΢΢̾˿Ȼ׼򣬼򱱶Ҳٻǰ
˵ǰѾøˣоЩûеס
еǣǸʦǳƾ֮ǧ֮ҲǶԷĶ֡
ˣλȴ֮ġ
ֻԵһԱ󽫵˵˼䣬Ա̾ˣһͭ죬ĴʼĺˣûаĹͷ߰·˻ԼӪկ
ϵѶ龰һûֹ
ΪڷֶĽֵ֧֮˱뷨
ڶ˻شӪ̧֮ͷڿ֮ڼսĻ˺
һͷȻڰ֮ͣķս
΢΢һЦȻ
o㣬Ԫۣɽݵľ顣꣬ٽ١
ԲһĹ򣬺Ѿ١
ָһָǰеЩһ˲˲Ƶϡ
ͻ˴𾢵һϣϾͶ˰֮С
һ£Ȼ󿴵ǸԼƾеļһﾹȻˣ̾;һᣬȻǷ˫צֱԷͷ­
һػ˿ЩʧˣֻצϾҪͷ­ϵʱڰ˸˼¾ʧˡ
һ¿ɰѻ˸ˣȫһ˸գڰҲվȣ׹˼ʮףסΣȻɵɵȵĴơ
ȴĵ֣УһСһصǳ׽
һ˿ЩԸˣԼĵ֣ڸ˵ϣԼֺã̵ܹˣⲻǷԼĳ
ڰ֮һΣ̾ͱ˰ƴСĻ֮Ͷ
㿴Ļ˼æһ֣˽ס
֮ھʿͿһϷһˣԵôʥ
ˣ˰֮һ֣ϵĻ̾ͱ˷ͷΣֵҲŤһΣһֻ⡣
㽫յԼĻ֮󣬲صԼǰ
ʦ֣ô죿òûʦƶԷӪկѾӵˣϽʵ
ҡҡͷȻ˵ʱ䲻磬ھʿѾˣȵϢһҹ˵
˵֮㲦ԼĴӪ
ѾԼڽʿҲΣΪûоҲöֻĸ󣬻صӪ֮ڡ
ȵӪ֮԰ЪȴԼӪ֮Уһֻ
ڵǰԼᣬʱҲóշ
Ҳ㿴ڶԷԼķϣһ·ĻһԼƵǰոʡʱһͶʵľ޶ǰڲƲͻữΪС
ֻҪǶԷԼ͸ͷԼҲķһЩˣɼܹ֮󼸰ƽȹ
һǣұ£κչ仨ˮˮ仨
˵ȵɫҲûеȵǰֻ̾һ˫ûл͵ˡ
Ҳ̣֪֮ܶսն
֮սһôɾͻȫԸҪѹϸֵıҪѹɵԼƵĳˡ
˵ʱɺѾһûзڵˡ
ǳˣȻ˴ǣʱһʼ֮ǰɵ໤硣
ʧˣô˴˲ѣֻǱѹưĳĬһʼ
Ҳⷽɵĳ̬
һڵˣ˵ѾԼĶӻΪһ塣
ĻǸոճͣôܹۼôˣֱӾͷϻ˽
ΪĸǴܹʦͨĸǰ̵ʥĸ̵߰ˣ˻㼯һ𣬳ɾλոճӤ
ڵòԷĻӦ֮ҲٵˣɫԹս֮̾˾۽ġ
ͨıϣо֮ϣѾ㼯˼ʮԱ󽫡
վžǵ˧㵽
ûж೤ʱ䣬Ӵ߽֮˹ʦ㡣
мĻƤ֮ϣߵڽæϥ򵹣ʩ
˰֣վȻһ£˵
һսҵѾ˶Էʿյһ˶ĴȻȫȡʡ
˵⻰֮ʹ˧֮ȡһ֧Ȼ¿˿
Ѿ
ѾԼæĳ˶УȻϱȭ֣ص
˧ĩڡ
㿴±ߵСѾͷڼף仹һѱôһ¶
Ѿʦֶͳ㲻й޹ҪĿԷ
Ѿ֮ĵͷ֮ǰһӹȻļʦֶ˴ʣʼ׼ȥˡ
Ѿȥֿ֮˿±ߣȻٴóһֻ
ԽѦ壬ڣ
ԽѦԱٻæĳϹ֡
ĩڡ
һӪϮҪöԷӪ飬УֱȡԷݡ
ĩ
Ƕ˵֮ǰ˾Ҳ˴ʣ׼ȥˡ
ʿ±ʣµ֮ЦЦ˵
ĴܣѾоĲȣ·빥Է˶ڣҲΪʿѶˣǰܾǰ


591 Ԯ
˵˻شӪ֮оʿϼӽ䱸͵Ϯ
ڷԸЩ֮æص˺ӪһƫƧ֮С
˴ʣȴѾǿһˣһЩƷҲӰ
Щˡ
ѵɹñ徻ɣѾԼ
ⲻܡ
ԼѾķôľôԼ
ǣԼɹôӰ
˼ʱͻȻһʿǰ
ھӪ⣬һĹҪ֪ǷӪ
һ۾һ£徻ɿɶŮãɹòˣϾһĹѵ徻ˣ
뷨֮æķԸ
죬롣
Ǿʿ֮æȻС뿪˺Ӫǰߴȥˡ
ҲæһԼѣȻСоʡ
ûноʰվо֮ĵ·ԣĵˡ
һᣬͿԶʿǰߴ·һλ̬ȵĹںߣ
龰æСǰ˼˴
ˣæ
ӻִ⼸ˣ֮󣬶ǹľһ
½ʡ񣬲֪մ˺£
λҲæһ򸣣Ȼз˰һ
£·ʦ֮ǰ㡣
֮дϲͬʱղŵĵҲ˶
ﲻ˵ĵطǽȥ̸
˵֮ǰߴ·ǹоʡ
о֮Ҳ˧λ֮ϣ±߰˼λãǹá
֮Сϵ衣
ȵһ֮ſʵմ徻ɵһλˣ
֮۾һ£Ȼ˵ƶͨ棬֮ǰʦ壬㹦ɡ
񳤳һȻЦ˵һʦһΪʲôأԭ滻ˡ
λͨҡҡͷ˵컹ˣҵʦɹãǰܸλʦʧأѾ޷սѾɽš
˵֮ͨ¶źӣ۾ȴһ˿ֻģ
ʲôˣǳɾλģȻ˵ոǿһçˣʵҲ
õı鱻һһ˿õԤС
ⶼʲôʱˣ֮лĶǡ
ȻЩ̾Ǳȴû¶Цͷ
λͨãǰЦݲϡ
үմܣҾʵδҲطϣȵȥǰһλʦʲôͷۡ
֮ȻϹάŶԷʵҲЩż
Ǻôʱıзǳľ塣
ɹöĶ֣ǰСŮҪ˵ܹеס㣬пЩš
ԼԷʱϲû˵еĻһεİѺûҪǮϡ
ͨúǸոɽʻЩ˽⣬еЩά֮ԣ滰Ҳ¶һ˿İȻ
ͨðԭȸɹðõľ֮УȻ뿪˺ʣʼѲӪ
һҹ£ȵڶ׼ǰͨ￴һʱͻȻ쳹صĺɱ֮
һϵľʹ˸飬ȻϽԼ˫˴֮⡣
ոյĳʣһСɿ߶
߳͢ᡣ
һ£Ȼ˵ǰӪӪկԳͳǰȥ֧Ԯǰأõ˹Ӫ
˵֮̾Լױڼ˰Լ׾Ҵҵǰȥˡ
ǰӪʱ򣬷Ǻɱ죬߲ͣ׽˸־ʯͬʱ귢
һߵʿȻƣȴռƣȫԷ̧ͷ
⵹Щʿ̰
ֻǾʯͼʸĻЩʿҲ塣
ΪǱϾǴӪկ֮У˺ܶķʩûܵʲôв
Щʿȫ޴ģڴӪǰʮֻ
ЩͣĴӰ֮˵һʿ֮ϣȻʿ񱻼һ̾ͻɸʬ
ʿǸе־ˡ
龰ҲЩ֡
Ҫ֪ЩȻǰʱǲҽӽӪġ
ϾھӪ֮ɱ죬Щһӽɱһ壬Ͼͻɢ
ǰô£ЩӪ֮ڵɱͲϣȻڴӪ֮ڣɱ
ԭڽϣڶѾϾҪʱԸÿһöơ
öһдһ滭һЩе־ķ䡣
ÿһöֻ֮
ЩǾ㳤ʱĶû˵Ǽӳ֣ԶһԼӪ֮ڵɱͲϡ
ҲѾǵɱﵣöѾǿȫס
ֻȫעеǰӪʱôԽ˲ܴӲ׵ͻĴӪ֮ڣݡ
ڸո˫Ӵʱ򣬶Ѿ˻׼ʩչɱﵣǸտʼһжѾǾʧС
ϾѾǽһĴӪկ⼸ͽһСҲûʲô
ټ϶ѾȶԷٵö࣬һֻһĹ򣬶ѾǾʧ˽ǧˡ
ѾҲǸɾ֪Ҫôȥ˺ܿľͻûʮ֮ǰֱӾԼʦֶǸʩֶΡ
˽ʮֻڴӪ֮ǰŰ
ԼĴӪǰͣطüͷ塣
ҪǲЩȫʰˣôµʿûߵĵоսˡ
㵨趯˫һ͵þһֻոһʿҪ·ɵеȥ
Ǹոһʿʱһ˽ǰ
ȫѪȫ֮еľ޴ڵѪͱǸ˹ȥ
Ҫ˵ȷʵһԱڵѪֱһǷɶͶһ
һЩʧˣΪģѪĹɵ
ľ޴һӾʹֻֻһһصķڡ
һž͵Ĵܵ˿С
֮ҡһֶԷһȻеǳĲʣǶıȴûκε˺ǹڲͣĴɭһ˿ů
ůΪ֮ûеġ
Ҫ֪һΪ˹ͻԶ֮ࡣ
ڵůﲢûκε˺оδй
һ۾ֱһů¯ѽ


592 
ڵϵ񲢲֪ϱΪԼղŵһ˶Էش
±߹ԼѪ˫ŶŰգֻҪһȥöԷһԼ
ǽЩķӦȴȫϲ
Ϊеʮֻܵʲôһ
󲻵òԼѪõ˼£ֻ޹ͽ𴸲ͣϷ
Щ޹ͽ𴸾ͻᱻ˳ȥֻһͣЪͻһ
տʼʱʮ㣬ʱƣѪҲʼ½
ʱЩѹ
еЩÿÿһֻʮΣǿЩӸͲˣԽԽ
ѵԼղһսȫù
˸еϸ˼ֵǣѪ½Щÿһоһ˿˿ĺ֮֡
ҪȥܿڵѪͻĹ⣬ʱҲЩͨʿһһ߸ʬ
Σʱ̣ڴӪ֮һ˺˻ʮԱ󽫸ԴԼѾǰ
ЩһӪǰͿԼ˧ڷĻӶ˫ֵڰвͣ
ӣѾǿбðѾֵ˶೤ʱ䡣
ЩֵµĴҲæֱǰԮ
Щ󽫿ЩˣΪڿûǿѪ
ֻǺЩ˼УѪֱĹˣһһҽУͱ
գۼĹڵľͱ⣬žͻ˸ʬ
ڽ龰ҲЩ㶣Ҫ˵Ǻ͵浶ǹĸɣϵѪҲẦ¡
ЩЩսɳĴ󽫣ҲЩãȻ޴롣
ҲߵĸΪ١
мĴѾӱʯҿ˵կǽ˽
µʿƴֿǵĴӪѾˡ
ΣʱͻȻӺӪ߹ˣһλȶ˵Ů
λŮüFޣϼȹ϶¹
ŮӲˣͨɹá
λɹǰѾڵƣΪȵǣзʮֻ
ڷ˵ǷֲЩΪ徻ɵĸͽͨɹÿ֪ͨ
ԭһ÷۹ʮֻ
ʮֻͨĹûʲôڶ
ķ֮£ЩĺĴȴһȼš
һҲ֪ʲôȻЩûκε˺Ϊṩ˸ֵ
ЩԱ̫ԼӪ֮ɱʴ
ҲƾԽԼµλͽڵѪŶЩûκõġ
λɹվԶһ£ͻȻ۾һϽĶһλʿ˵Ϊȡһͭ
ʿȻ֪λɹҪʲô֮ǰǷԸλɹõһҪ
ʿæĻص˺Ӫһһͭͨɹõǰ
ɹýӹ˾ӣ֮󣬽ӷԼǰдʡ
취飬ˡǣǰá飬ٷСǷǽڵʦʱ
һ徲ɵش䣬ܹǣ
ŷ֮꣬ͻȻ˾öǡ
Щһ֮У̾һ
ͨɹеͭ΢΢һЩ֮ͭڡ
ţͨɹãеͭе̫һΡ
Ȼһ̫֮ͭϡ
һͨɹеöͭѾһС͵̫
ֻС͵̫ԶڲͣŰһֻһա
žһĹâ̫֮˳ȥֱӴϡ
ͨĹֵĻôһУ̾ͻɢ
ֺֻôҲ֮ȻУȻһͬʱڵһҲʼҪڵЩ̫
һؿûôˣȻǵǶ̫˵ȻǲֵһᣬܿɵٶȾ͸ϲֵ̫ٶȡ
ֻ˼Ĺֻȫ¾ͱ̫žͻΪ˻ҽ
Զͨü龰΢΢һЦȻЩȻҵطǶԼȻ޷ֵ
ͨþѧʼеöͭͣ䡣
ǱеЩֻǵֿһʱ̽žͻữΪҽ
ߵĶѾҲӪ֮ȻиˣʦִһҲҪ޹ˡ
ѾˣҲܾôԼֵµԷˡ
ֻǸͨҪٶȡ
ֻؽ˴ӻȡ˵ᦣʼͣҡ
ЩƴֿúõͻȻ֮͸оͷĿѣһǰ
ЩȻǱϾǶѾˣ֮Ͼ㣬ֻǵĶԸˣ޷⼸в
Ѿ龰üͷ壬ȻһŮʹһɫ
ŮӸæĴӱȡһ̳͵˶Ѿǰ
̳ԵģһֱǹӤ̳
ֻѾ̳˵ϣȻϥ̳ǰдʡ
ˮسˮȪˮˮһˮСתתٽ޴תʹת̫Ͼ뷡
֮󣬶ѾҧԼʳָѪ̳ϡ
ŶѾĶ̳ڴһӤЦ
žһС޴̳˳
ֻСһһ˵˶ѾĻУСֲͣĲŪŶѾͷ
Ѿ΢΢һ£С޽ıס֮ͷžӪķָָ
С޺֪ʲôۿʼðһɭѪ⡣
Ȼ˶ѾĻһӾ˰֮֮
ھӪ֮ڵͨɹãͻȻоԶһǿɭ֡
ɭϢǿҪǿʮ
ͨɹ΢΢üû뵽ǰȻĹ
ڿЩ鷳ˣȻԼıºţôǿĹҲǾЩ鷳
ΪȻûʲôвһסһʱ鲻ԸǰЩС
ͨɹûС
Ҫֻ֪Сһĳҡ
˿˵ʱںһ˿˿
һĵԷҲá
ǣھȻܹʹס
ͨҲǾ㳤ʱҰľϵԹ뵽Сġ
ʹСҲܷϮˡ


593 ʩͨ
ߵǸӤ׼򣬼ͳͨõǰ
ʱͨòϸĹۿ
ֻһװֵСޡ
ϻŴЦݣ˿һ˿⣬뽫뻳Уúõһ
ͨÿǰĶʼ
û뵽ȻԼղԤ10
һﱾõĹѾȫʵעĻͨӤûʲô
һֵܹزٽһĻǾǹˡ
ʱ¾ǵɵ
ͨ˼ʱ򣬶ǸӤûиʱ䡣
ֻӤһЦȻ͵ľͨȥ
ͨʵзԷֻһһλͶӤϮ
ǸӤݣһҡֻϣͷųһ˿˿ĵ⡣
ͨü龰ĿɿڴҪ֪׷Ǵ֮һйĿǡ
Ӥô£Ȼܹʩչ׷ҿӣȻܽ׷뵽֮ڣɲһʿܹ쵽ġ
ս֮ϣɲͨ˼ֻǹӤһһ
ͨòӲƴһĶ
ǵҪʱȴǹӤϺһص֮Ȼƶ
ҺͨûǱ첻СȫʩչԼͨûб֮ŵɹһζ㿪˹ӤϮ
ȵͨʮ֮һʱѾЩˣղεϮѾ֪ӤֶΣڸʩչͨöԷ֪֪
ԶĹӤһУ֮һͨһ߷ͨһûиĻᣬֻżأһӾƮ˰֮н磬ڿвͣߡ
ǹӤȻ˵ǸٶϱͨõһЩֻ׷ͨϲͣѲΣȴ޷
ͨһߣһ߿
˸ֽɽǧаŪаŪ
Ƿ䣬һʩչеĹﲻý
Ȼﻹǹõģͨϣһ͵ǹӤ֪飬ԭһͨ
һصͨǰʱ򣬾͸оǰͻȻһ⡣
ǹӤͲĴͨõԻ˹ȥ޷ԡ
ȵӤһιˣͯȴˣֻӻȡһŷ֮󣬿ǷͻȻƮУŷųһŻ֮ŷ͵ؾӤȥ
ǹӤոյתһگ˸档
֮ͼǷ仯һžҵĻ棬ĹӤС
Ӥ߷һҵĽ
ڴӪ֮ĶѾӦһӤĺС
Ҫ֪ӤͶѾһֱӰ룬ѾǰԼĵܵˡ
ѾЩˣֻӻȡһѼ֮͵׵УȻ
ڤŹ뼱飬ĸ٣ƺӽʼ÷׷鲻飬ʦаʹһ϶ǡǣ̫Ͼ
һضѾǼˣǰʱʩչѾõļͲҲǸԷһ
һضѾӤܵвѾȫȻû˴ȱһʩչŽ˵ȫԸ
ŶϣеǰѼͻȻʼŽ⣬֮Ҳ
Щһ䵽֮ϣѼ̾Ϳʼֽ⣬
һؼɵǰͬǰʱȻ裬ȴЩٻһûʲôԡ
ڼֻɵҡͷβԱŷȫڵս
ֻѾָӪһָ˶Ѿ˼̾ͷ赽ӪУ֮ڿһȻͬʱŹ⣬Ȼž½˹ȥ
ͨȫͬʱ۾ԶĻ档
һҲҵģ溦һͣǹӤʹ߳˳ʱ򹦿һ
ʱͻȻоһëȻǱʲôľ޶һ
ʱ̧ͷһžŵǻɢ
ԭڰгƵŽɫĹâѾ½˹
ɱͨҲ˲ʩչӤˡ
ֻ͵һԼͷϵķΣһֻȸ״ķ
Ķֻȸ״ķͻȻĴӿһ⣬Ļס
ͨøո꣬һϵѾ
ž
ʼԼΣǿȸѾЩ֧ŲסĿʼ顣
һͨÿĺˣҪ֪ͷϵĿȸʦ͸Ļ
ǰ˶ʱԼİΣǾǿⱦĵ
ڿӣⷨҲסԼˣǸϽ취ĺá
ֻͨ۾תͻȻĺ뵽ʲô΢΢һЦ͵ξ䵽˵£һΣ뵽˵棬ʧ˵ǰ
ֻȸɵķȻ⣬γһԲεĻ֣ڰա
ԭεĻѾǵƣѾֲһʱ̡
Ȼͨʧ֮󣬾žһѾ顣
ֻȸŻֵ飬Ҳһ˵ϡ
ʱҲǿȸһûĿֻ꣬Ǻҵһͨҡͷβʿ꣬žĻһ⣬ʧڵա
ʱԶǸӤҲͨûй͵ʩչԼڵʱĵסǻ֮ռȫͨ˳
һɲھӪ֮Ҵˣֻһͳ˾Ӫ»ص˶ѾĻС
ѾӤˣһ֮һӤѾЩ黯ˣԭʵˡ
Ѿ֪һعӤشǳۡ
ӤھһСһſڶѾػСӡ߿ࡣ
˺ˣ֪ίˣһ㱨òã
Ѿһ߸ŹӤһ߸ο
˺һѾŰסǹӤ
üԲ
ֻ˼սġ
Ǳװװӣʵ⹥ӪľսģæЦ֮ģʼƴ
ѾǼˡ
ڲԶؽ龰üͷһæĴѾԡ
ʦãֻװװӣõƴ𣿵ʱˣôʦ
ؽôһѣѾŷӦѾˡ
ΪսɲЦѾһ˴սģЩʿǿɾղסˣǰͺ̣һʼĴӪ͹
ڶѾջٶȣҲЩˡ


594 Ϯ
һߣߵĴܾǷһĽҲʼЩæ
ǰһʱ仹ȹ̵ĴӪҲʼҡҡ׹
ڰ֮зŵĹûͨõĸţӵ޼ɵ
Ϻ͵µ˫ؽֵµ˿Щмܲסˡ
Ȼǻ˫ĴӦ񣬼龰ҲЩŭ
Էֻʮ˵Ĵ˵өԱ¡
ھôһˣȻ󲿷ȫǣסˡ
滹м˲ӰأһЩͻȻԼô죿
ԽԽŭֿʿںǰ塣
Ǽ׷⼸ʿȻ˫ֻžžž⼸ʿͱࡣ
˭ҪĶ⣬⼸˾³
Լ׾Ϊսӣ˭ҪǸնס
ҲǿĵֵסѾĽ
Ҳֲ˶೤ʱ䣬Ϊһʿʵ̫ˣټϺ߶սӵвЩʿЩвʡ
Ͼ˭ĸģʱ˵Ľ˶սӣʿǱͲʿӵѩһڡ
ȻǲˣȴҲûһƴǰˣֻӡ
ΪʹöѾĹӵѸˣΪĽܵʲôһͻȻʼʿк
˺ܿľöѾ˼կǽȻɱ˾Ӫ֮ڡ
龰֪ٲסѾĴõоӪʿʿͻȫıʱʮͻữΪС
ûа취ֻǸϽĴĵطǰԮ
ĴʼǰӪУĵطЩˡ
ʱߵȴԽҲͳһӲĴӪ
ʱĴڶԸѾˣԽĵоࡣ
˺ܿľӲɱ˺Ӫ
ǽݵصأȻǲû˰ء
ҲǾþɳԼݿ˵С
ɳԼֵµĵ1ԱͽͨΪӪͳ졣
ǸղԶѾĽûдӺӪһһ䡣
ĺӪȻ8000ء
Ҫǰߵս£ڵĺӪ˵ǽ䱸ɭϡ
Խո˴ͱ˷ˣһͭ죬ͼǰ˸žһԱżǧڿƣסԽȥ·
ԽѦ龰ЩԾû뵽ǰߴôȻûһ˿һķɡ
࿴˿֮Խ˵һҴסнӲϮܵĻƵ֮У˷ܣͲùֱӹӪ
Ѧ֮˵ͷ
Ҳ֪ԽΪеĵһͽֵ˵ʵġ
ãȻˣҪСˡ
عǣ㾡£ǡ
Ѧ˵ͷ֮󣬲תͷ2000ʼӴ֮з˳ȥСʧ˺ڰ֮С
Խһߵİţ֪ͨ飬ֻǴסⲨʡӪԼݡ
ԽѦˣҲʼܾŴǹǰȥˡ
ڵԽֻһ뷨ǾסɵоѦпɳ֮
ͨоˣæѹסţ֮Ŵǰ
Խûôˣɲǰ͵˵ǲʱ
߶䶯ǹ̾˷Ľ
ֻܾһߵľǲһͣͨĴϮ
ͨΪ佫Ȼһס
ȻĴܾӲͣķ˽¼ǧʯһ۶ԷôǶһ˿һ
ԽľӷܣκεĿ϶ҲЩˣȥ⼸ǧչƶԷĺӪ
Ҫǣ֪ԼһڶԷ࣬Ҫʱ䳤öԷʱⲻΧ֮С
Ȼˣֻ
ܾеĸǹ߶սֱͨȥˡ
ڵָͨŴֵŶԷˮһĽͻȻĴ֮зɳһԱ
ԱݣǰɱڣһǾþɳͽ
ͨһ²ûǰȥͶԷӲƴǻ֮У֮йԼױķԸ˼䡣
ʱԽѾɱͨĴ֮Уֻǹͻ֮ܿľͽͨĴǰظˡ
ͨһһң̾͸ԽŴᣬֻǴӼȱ͵ľͳ˽֮ʼս
ʱƣͨһ߿ЩֲסˣͺͶԷ࣬Լһˣ⻹ô
ںߵͨԴº⣬ֻ̾Խ͡
ԱȻȻ֮ԼǸλҲû¡
ԽɱʹʱͻȻ֮ǰߵĽɢһ죬ŴӺ˼ٵĹ֡
Խһоһ֪Լ³çˡ
ѾûǸˣΪĴܾʿûи˵Ļᡣ
Ψһİ취Ƿ³ԷӪ֮УȺɱɢ
뵽֮ԽҧأӶԼǹ߶ս͵ľǰȥ
ʱǰĹҲʼż
ԽֻǰͻȻķɻȣֱԼ
һԽֻеĸǹһŶƣϻ»
ķĹŷĸǹͣı䡣
ԽܣϾˮò͸Խһע©֮㡣
ͻȻ֮һֻԽ趯ĸǹֱء
Խ۽ǵһֻ趯ǹѾˡ
òȫԱһ£ʹҲһʹڵͷһֻѾϡ
ԽֻǾһ̱֪ڴ˹ؼʱ̾κεɡ
ֻҧʹȻǷǰ
ˣԽԽĵ©֮㣬ͣһ߷
տʼʱǿĶ˺ȴʵǶ㲻ˣֻҧӲͦ
ûмĹѾʮ
ҲҿԽĴ󽫣͸һס
ִģȫɺϽִɣ㣬ҷѡ
ˣȻԽмҪλ׷ûʲô
ˣԽôͳʹ嵽Щֵǰ档
ЩԶʱһõ˽Ǿȫ׸ˡ
ȺֱԽһ壬̾ҳһţûһĹͱɱһ룬ʣµҲ˲ɱԽˣȫͶҾ֮С
ڴ֮ͨ龰ҲĿɿڴû뵽ԽôͣȻҵ˶ԼĴ
ڼԼͻɱĳԼһľӵˡ
ûа취ֻԼǰȥסнˣ뵽ͨǶӾŴ󵶴߶սֱԽȥ


595 
ͨȻԽȥˣȴûȺ֮аĹ۲졣
ԽһţֱӴӲԽԣȻٴֱԽԴȥˡ
ԽҲһԱͽеĸǹȻҴ̳ĶȴǶ˷
ͻȻڲһ粻ƣ֪ãиں͵ϮԼ
ؼʱ̣Ҳûйƽʲô͵Ϯ͵ϮˣֻͻȻǰһſϣͷϵǶֱӾʹͷϷ˹ȥ
ȻһиˣԽ̧ͷֻſţȻýżƥսϡһȻ͵ľǰȥͨһξ롣
ȵԽֳȥ˼ʮ֮Ÿһͷƣֻ׷ŵĲˣӪ
ʱԽˣһ￴ԼľѾңҪӲ͵ϮԼ
Ȼ˵ҲͱʹӮ㡣
ֻԽƥᣬķ˽Ų
Ǻߵͨɲ֪ΪԷսʱսѾƣˣٶȷ
ȻˣǾֻܹãҪˡ
뵽ߵͨǼսµƥǷܿ㣬ûж೤ʱ׷Խ
ͨҪٴȡԽʱͻȻǰߵԽͷƥս͵ԱһȻһ벻ƣºͨγˣһͷͷ
ͨѾӳ˴󵶣ȴһӻӿˣѾδʱԱһ˸ǹֱĸ
һУԽοǰǰսϵľ飬רģֽǹ
Ȼ˵ʹЩ׾ԸѾЩɥʧǵͨ˵Ǻܹõġ
ȵ֪ͨԼмƣҪʱѾˣΪǿһԼĿڵλ˳ʹҲԽһǹи
ͨǲҽһȻҲ˲ˣֱӾͲߡ
Խܷŵù⵽ǰķ⣬Ǽսں׷ᡣ
ʱͨױ׷ùͨȻһѷľͰԽסˡ
ԽѽۿҪнɱˣЩСʲô֡
ͨȴȺ֮УܿľͲӰ
ԽһнˣǸŭܾ񣬿ʼǰСչһɱ
ʱͨʿѾɢӣԽĴҲΧ
Խپӣһ׼ֱӪݶڻȥ
ΪһӦû赲ʱͻȻ֮ǰһźķɻȴ˷һηɵù
ԽؿûʲôˣȻգҲûʲôˣֵµʿȴûôˣֻǼĹ͵ȥ˼ˡ
Խһã֪мˣæǰӱӣӱǰӣʼȥ
ȵ˳һ֮أԽסţһǰƣֻǰһͭ죬мǧǰ
ǰĲˣǸ˵ͨ
ͨȷʵսǶıղŵʱûдȫľӣɳ˴󲿷ֵĹ֣
սϵҲȫӡ֤Ĳ룬Ȼ½ǶԷ֣ԼҲˡ
ͨƲҲ˳Ƶ˺ӪȻЩһԽ
ԽŸǹδžԷӪǶָ˻
ԽҲûа취ˡ
ڿƽ֮ϣԽкöİ취ǰĹ֣ڵĵζǲ
ڵ˵ӪУ˷Ӫʺ͸赲ֵµܹ˶
ԽҲûеģΪ֪һѾϮ˺ӪֻҪԼסǰͨȵӪҿͨҲҡ
ȻʱƣͻȻ֮ڴӪݷһ˺˻һڿն
ͨΪԼѾס˵з͵ϮͻȻ֮ӪĻ棬֪ã˶Էɽ֮ơ
ͨҲ˲ǰԽˣæűغӪϿȥȻ
Խѣǲܲˣ߶µƴǰ
һͨľͱסˣֻǻԽԽ󼸺ѾһƬӪ࣬ӪҲܵǣ
ȥ²ҪվӪҲҪȼ
ͨңʿԼУԼȴһ飬˶Էļƣڣݶվ
ͨԽԽգԽԽȻǰͻҪסԼԽҧгݡ
ȻһˣҲܣͨ뵽֮һսҲϵˣֱԽȥ
ԽȻǰɱ۾Ҳû뿪ͨ
ڿͨ۾Լˣ֪ԷѾ־ȻҾһ̡
뵽֮ԽӶеĳǹһЩ赲Ḻ́ɱ߰ˣĸϽÿһͨ·
ͨʱҲѾԽԶڽӽԽ֮еĴ󵶸߸ߵľȻһɽֱԽͷ­
Խأ΢΢һЦȻеĸǹϵֵ
Ȼһֻһ
һײԽûиеʲôͨȴЩˡ
Ϊղžˣôһײ˿ڣֻøʹͣҲû
־ᶨҧأǱѾˡ
һµײҲͨѹ֪ԼںͶԷϾ֮Ժٱĺá
ʱ룬ͨŽԼͲٻԽսֱӾˡ
ĺãһĶ磬֪ͨá
ѾˣͨҧأĿһսĸ
ƥսۣһӾ͵ǰһ
ĶҲʱ򣬵ͷ;ñ󱻺ݺݵĳһ£ͨ;ɤ۷ȻһѪ˳
ϼˣҪ־ᶨӲͦţѾ䵽ˡ
ȻôˣͨľȴӵˣڷϣŴ󵶣߶սֱӾٵĵطȥˡ
ȵԽһתͷٿʱѾͨӰ
һˡ
ԽźʱѦҲ´Ӻˡ
ôû˰ɣ
ԽԷˣ΢΢һЦ
ҵ˻ûأôˣ
Ȼ֪ԷѾɹȼݣǵµʿ˹ء
ģҿǰߵס˵нڵĺӪûʲôˣ˳ݶڻ֮һѻͽȫˡ
Խ֮Ƿ
ãȻˣǱһһңӺǰǸһ׳н
ãһжԸ
ԽеʿһɺӪǰɱȥ


596 
ʱǰߵƴֵŶѾľӵ͹
ʵѾ˲࣬ʿʿѾķǳˡ
̫ߣټճȺҾԮЩɢˡ
ʹҲֻǿĵס˶ѾĹơ
˫ｩֵʱͻȻ֮Ҳ֪˭һӪˡ
һУһ
֮ͷƣȻֻӪڿգѰ춼ˡ
ˡ뵽
ԼֻǿĵֵסߵĵоӪ˻𣬿ݶڻ֮⡣
ôԼǽоˣûݣԼЩҲΪʿ޷սˡ
뵽֮һľɥ
Ӫ֮ĶѾҲˣ˴֪Խһɹˡ
ȻҾͿԷſֽˡ
뵽֮󣬶ѾתԼԵǲŮǸɫȻķһ¡
ǲµŮȻᣬֻżһأȻͷɵ˰֮һ׹ٶֱȥ
˼Ž£ܱȫĴ
Ǿʱ۽ǵϱ߰
ͷ­ϾһɶϮ
ʲôˣһоִͲϷɵĹȥ
ţ͸о޹ͽҵʲô
һǷˣʲô˻ֻ֣ҪǱҵУҾͲ㻹򲻳ɡ
û˶ãͼǵӰȻһǰǰӰһͳĲ֮͸оٴϮ
һԷʲô˱ԼһȻȻܼϮԼ
ǰҲݲ˼ȥˣִ⣬͵һģžͺʲô
ϴľоǶСȻܵסԼ񴸡
æˣ͸оԼǰӰͣϮ
Ҳҿ书е޹ͽ·ɣŵס˶ԷϮȫԼ
ȻʱȫˣҲ鲻ȥԮǰߵø©ˡ
ǳ򣬶ѾֵµĽʿǷ£һ棬һι˽ĴӪɱӪկ֮ڡ
Ӫկƣķظӵ©ٳΪЩʿ龰֪һԼİˡ
ǰǵ˵Ĺ򣬺ݱ٣⻹ôǱ㿪С͵͵ȥ
ЩСԽԽ࣬˺Ѿ͵͵ˣǹӡ
һȺЧӦһʮûĹǣʼһţɢӡ
ȻµЩƴά򣬵ЩܵʿֻĻʲô
Ƶļˣܵȥ·ŵӲƴ
ĽҲǲӲˣֻ£Եױʼĺˡ
ڵȻ˵ȫֵǵӰ۽ǵҲûţڷ֮󣬾֪ȥ
Ҳ׼͵ƴˣеɽڲûգȵһصʡ֮شţٻһս
뵽֮ǳһ򣬲תµİҲŴȥ
ǾЩ˵Ӫ׼ӺܵʱǰͻȻһͭ࣬Ŵ˷ðʿʼһϮ
ԭԽѾں͵ײˡ
һ¿ֿˣֵЩʿǰ׷ж½ء
ʱһĹǣƴɱĻƾԽ1͵ֵסôĴ
ڵڴأָӣҲǱ޳Ī
10ǱԽ1˸סˣǲսȵɱǰߵʱ򣬸ԵЩԼµױҲֻ1ˡ
쳤̾
ʱؽͬȥӢ۲ɡ
֪֮̾ﲻٴǴŲбܽӲɱ˳
طѦصġ
Ѧ廹׼µסǰӱ
ոճ嵽ǰߣͷľȻһŵһ顣
֪ģܺǹʦԿģȻ˵ǰҲܿ
ƾԼèĹҪսѰ·
Ѧ岻赲ԼʿԲͣĴż
µĴҲûйѦˣֻƾϵԼеıͣڵĴļʸ
ȵΧһƽ̹֮أԼԵʿʱ򣬷ָһ1ˣҲֻʣ8000ˡ
ʱᶼˣӽʡʱǶô緢
ֻвбܽ8000ˣ˵ԼϵӶѾˡ
µҪ󽫻ڡ
ټ8000˶ǸλµױǾеľ
ȻصԼϳ֮ƾ8000ˣȻܹټʮ
ڻ䣬ֻҪٸԼбĻᣬһս֮
뵽ʱ֮󣬴򱱶ȥ
񼱼ɥ֮Ȯãã©֮㡣
һʼܿɾЩ˷磬Ȼӵһɽ֮УǰȻһһ졣
ǰһխխͨ·Щüˡ
ɲǺȥ
ڵҵķҲͨǶڱҵĹɱսȴǷǳϤ
ǰͨ·ĺõطֻҪǵоɽֻҪǵԼ⴦խͨ·ٰǰ·һ£Լ֮
·ߣԼٴӱĵطƣǿɾǷϹˣֲþͻᱻߵĵо׷ϡ
֮
ΪѵʱͻȻںһ
ߣʲô
Ůüͷһ壬Ϊ֪ⲻˣͨá
ڸտʼʱһãǵ˺߸ͲӰ
ھȻϢһγԼĴ֮Уʲôѵʦų
ͨúҲ֪˳ü˵ûй׷ΣǸϽôȥΪá
һҲȵԼص˽ʡ˲١
ƽϢһԼŭתͷͨ¶һǿ΢Ц
ɹΪ¸Ǻã
ͨÿǰխխһͨ·üͷ壬Ȼ˵һ֧ǰȥ̽·һǳû
һ˵ͷ⵹һ취
ûȻǺãԷļĻôҲʧһСµûʲô𺦡
Էܹ͵סӣһСͨ·Լͨ·֮УԷסǰҪҲǰлƴ·ͨ
취


597 ȫû
ͨöһð취ĸʲôǰȥ̽
ֵµЩ˵Ҫǰȥ̽һͷ͵Ķ쵽˵ˣͲ̧ͷ۾
Цһ£֪ʱܹڵıȣЦŶԱߵͯ˵
ɹòɣʱִ֣Ҵһǰȥ̽㿴Σ
֮ͨҵ˵ͷ
Ȼǰȥ̽ĻǳΣգڳ⣬˿Ҳָˡ
ȻôүСģһʲôոϽķźš
ͨ˵֮󣬾ʹӻȡһСͲݵС
ӹСͲͲֻƽķϱȴһصķ䡣
ʱүҿ䣬Ȼ֪⡣
˵ͷȻСͲŵ˻С
͵1000ˣ֮СĽͨ
·ϱȴﵽء
µˣСĴߵ˱ȻûκεΣգĳһ
Լ׷ˡ
ȵŴȫĳͨ·֮ϾǰȥͨôϢϽĹ
ͨ·ıϢһ׼ͨôŴ֮һϡ
ǸոϢ˰ʱͻȻ֮أɽ֮һͭ
һͭһӾʹӵϱִ֮Զơ
Ϳɽ֮ϣţðķ
һһ·ɿɽ£򱱱ߵĳ·סˡ
һﻹ֪ԷѾ
ûа취ˣֻƴһսϣܹɱͨ·ߵͨøӪȳ
⵹ͨʲô飬Ϊ֪λ̱һ֧ţҪԼɥԼԲ˶ߡ
Ҳһ·ϵƣˣǶӾ˰֮ЩոϢû೤ʱʿٶΡ
1000˿ʼ򱱱ߵĻڳϣܹ򿪳ڣߵͨøܳ
رڵµĴ󽫹ơ
Ҫ˵λյǲڣһôǾϳɳأС
һأ3000˷֮סߵĳڡ
ͻȻµСڳһˣѾ˵1000ֻˣҪ͹ڣ˽Ӧ
֮üȻ·ڣִơ
֮󣬹һ£ԼʿﲼС
һǳìǰں󣬹
˵˳ڵʱѾƣҶԱߵʿװѵأĴҲСƵġ
ֿ˿ԼЩбܽ¶˿Ц
ҪƾЩƶԷͣǼֱǳΡ
󻹵ԼԷˣлṥƵз͡
ǰһָֻŶȵһ˳Ҵս300ϡ
Ϻ߰澹Ȼû˻ظ
֪ãǽЩǵġ
Ȼ޷ԷֻһСƴˡ
Ҳ˫ʵĲ࣬µʿʼĴ
µЩʿǰˣȫ᲻ֻһͱԷ䣬ЩֱӾ͹ǰͶ¡
ʱֵµѾ100ˡ
ʱɽ֮Ҳ˺ɱ֮ԽԽ
Уŵͣ˸
ͨѾˣȫʩչԼķҪס߹ķ
ûа취ֻԳˣֻԼʣµױ͵Ĵ߿°ֱӾĴȥҪƾŵ˶ֱƿȻӦͨó
Ľӽ̿ʼżķɻȣͣһ
Ҫ˵գû˵ֻ趯˫ϻ»һ޹ͽһеĹɡ
ܵסֵµЩʿȴû£һ嵽ǰʱµЩѾûʣ¼ˡ
Ҳ˲ˣֻ䶯˫ֱǰʿͳ˹ȥ
ЩʿѾ˴ոǰľĳì
Ҫ˵ִֻһӣ̾Ͱֻ߰ìҷˡ
ǽȴиĳì˹
Щìֻ㣬ںߵĹҲʼżͣĳľ͸һ¡
ҲЩæңͣ²ҵֵ
˺µױѾȫˣǰʣһͻ
о仰˵úã뼸Ŷ
տʼʱܹսʱƣЩ֧Ųסˡ
ΪǴһһҹˣһˣҲˡ
˵ԼЩ֧ŲסܵЩоԽԽ࣬ЩɹҲԽԽ׼
֪ãҪٴȥԼɾûˡ
Ҳ˲þʲôͨˣֻתͷӶе޹ͽ𴸣ͻͳ˵зİΧ
Ҳͷˣ߶սֱ߾ȥˣͨǾͿˡ
ںһֱվĹƣ˰ΧȦ򱱣Ҳǳ̾һ
ΪԼµסɱǰû뵽
Ѿ;ĩ·һˣܹɱΧҪһֻԼĴ󣬿Լһͻᱻǳ塣
˵˵խ֮ͨͨãżǧ˷ɱܲͣķ»ԼֵĹľʯµʿʧء
ͨҲ֪ƲΪȻˣֻȱȫԼˡ
ͨҲµЩʿʹӣֱһżͷɵ˰֮У֮׼򣬾ȥ
Ǻãոշûаףоһ磬ֱӾͰ˵¡
ͨڵϴ˼ȻǱ
ҿԼղ뿪ʱ˸ۣϲһ䣬ĻƾղǵܽԼ
Ȼһضˣ֪ͨɽǴܳĹʦҲڡ
ԼǸϽӵĺãĻʱһ
ڴзͨãûǸ£۾һת͵һżȻͻһ뵽˵֮Уʧ
ɽϵ㣬ͨʧȥӰҲûйڵļƽϡ
ɹõķϣʦֶҲûʲô
һ£±Щ֮Ѿû
ЩʿһȻͷĶˣôһʲôǺܶ˾͹ڵͶ
£һĸĹȻŻµʿͣ
ѾذΧ֮Уд󲿷ͶʿʿѾΪ㡣
ЩôʹЩʿҲġ
󣬾ЩĵֿҲʧˣͨ·֮жµʿ


598 Χ
Ѿŷ²ʿػصԭľӪǰ
µĴԽӭء
ĩԽӭ
˵֮ʹµĴ󽫹ڵ·ԡ
ҲϽԽǰԽ
һҹˣϽƽ
Ȼ˾ʹӵ㣬»ص˴Ӫ֮ڣо
λ֮ϣµЩǣһЦտҫһԼĹ
㱾ҲǸȾˣҲ¶˷ܵЦݡ
һԼȫˣֻҪԼʦϣĽʡԼ֮
λһ˵
±ߵѻȸ۾Ļ˵
һҷȫʤоѾߣǲɵģȻȥʿʣǾͻʦȫȡʡ
ĩȣ˧֮
ĵ˵ͷԸµĴ󽫣ǰȥµľӡ
ͻȻߴ˼ٵĽŲͬʱһ֡
800Ӽ800Ӽ
һüͷ
Ҫ赲Ͻ
ΪͷĸԽһķԸ̳С˴⡣
ȻһǱʿҪо󽫣ߵʿסˡ
ԽϽʿ֮󣬴оʡ
Ǹŵʿоʣһ㶼ݣʹӱͲȡ˳˫ֵϡ
800Ӽ˧Ŀ
ԱߵԽϽӹͲ֮󣬽߼˧ԣ˫ֵݵǰ
ӹͲڱԵ˿ϱߵķǩ
ŴͲȡһžᣬϸۿ
ſǴʧɫ
ԭһԮļķ˽ġ
ġ
Դ뿪֮󣬾ʹװԼļ뿪˿ǣһ·򶫡
һɽľڣ̾ͷϢð̵֪ͨеĸ׼
меĸ߲ʿǽҽ̵ģԽƿ˵Ƿǳĳ羴
ȻСλȨأҲСǱΪĸĽ˵ǲࡣ
С֪֮£ڼϳеЩ̵ϲ㣬Ѿʼܵش
һؽӵ˽ƵţЩһ£׼ҪһǼϳǡ
СȷʵͨЩ˻治Ƕ֣ӲȡĻûǸ¶ԸС
ȻӲȡǾֻȡˡ
Щ˻മ֮һ£һ취
һСոյϴһ飬ȥǰߵĴ
ʱһĸѾССǰ˵
ڳⷢһǰνһιϳʱµġ
Сһ۾һ£Ȼʵֻһûʲô𣿡
ū澾Ͳ֪ˣ±ߵʿ˵⴦֮ǲ˵أ˻
С֮΢΢ЦЦüͷ
Ҫ˵һν壬ͽܿ˵御
УеҶܣҴط豦
ΪСĽ졣
ȻԼ͵ǰȥݼһ£ô±ߵЩ̵ͽһԼʦصӡ
ͣһ£㰲һ֣̾ͳǣȥʦľ͵ذݼһ˼ҡ
СѾ֮Ͻĵͷ֮±߷Ըȥˡ
һСѾͷµĻ˵һ׼ϣǷ̣
ãҪʱˣھߡ
С˵֮վȥµЩѾǸϽȻӵ˴ǰ
ڵСеųǰҲ࣬װУҲ˼ʮˡ
Ǹ֮󣬸Сһ·ۣͳ˼ϳǣֱʮﴦһɽꡣ
ɽ꣬ŷһˣûνɽ
СĽôʱ䣬Ҳжģһ֪á
Ҳ˲µЩˣֱӾһżƮ˰֮УȻ׼ϳǵķ򼲳۶ȥ
ϳʱŷ֣ڵļϳѾȫĽϣŽա
ڳǽ֮ϣʿԴ
СոһӽͷĹлʮ
Ҫ˵СȻͣǱһķɼԼֵȻһӾǰγһɫĹ֣Щȫ⡣
ֱһĹСһʱҲ䲻ǽ֮ϣֻǽ⡣
˴ʱСﻹףѾˡ
С벻ףԼѾѡȡɽҰƺƴЩ˱ʲôô
ЩҲûˣȵԼ¶˼ϳǣЩ˰Ƥʱʲô鶼ˡ
뵽֮СݺݵĿһۣϳǱ㲻ͣһʧ
ȵСʧ֮ڳǽ֮ϣ¶߰˸Ӱ
֣ˡ
ڽԽԽߣҿһõĸƵĳǽĻǸһǾȫˡ
ǲصģȵĸٸʲôá
˴˵ĻļҲ˵ͷ
ڰнСȻ˵Ǳ̹oλĸڽͽлŵ
ֻҪˣϳڲĲ֣ͻ̼ƽϢ
ڼϳСĽ䱸һֱȵ֮󣬷ĸƵ
Ƶ˼ϳ֮ҲǴһû뵽ֵµЩĸֱӾͰѼϳǶˡ
ҲãʡԼĹ
ڵҹƱ˰̵ڽͽǰ
ЩͽǼǰķĸǴһ֮ͱϲ
ԭȳеİӿڽһ˲ʧΡ
ڵ2죬Ʊ㿪ʼټϳе£ͬʱǲĸصİ̽ͽϢǸ׳Ƴ
ǽɳЩһȥ
ڽӲ֮о˲õԤС
Ȼڼ֮󣬼ϳǴƼ
ԭЩСҲûţڱϳ֮󣬾ĵĴ̽Ϣ
Ҫ˵СںôҲǰ̵Ľͬǧ˿Ƶϵ
Сܿľ͵õ˼ϳеľϢԭԼλĸȻ˼ϳǣҪԼȨ
Ҫ˵ǰûгȨζСչԼķĸƣȻ˫ֽȨϡ
ʱСȨôὫֵȨ׷ϣ
ʼڰĸƵӰͬʱϳǿȥ
ȴŴϳ£СǶ˵ֱӾͽϳŵΧס
ڽӵСΧǵϢ֮󣬸Ͻͷơ
ֻмʮһۿߡ
Ҳǰ̵ձսҪ˵ʿսȷʵǲǿս־ᶨͬʱ˶ڡ
ƿü֪ǲԮĻϳǼֲ˶೤ʱ䡣


599 
ƶڳСҲЩòˡ
ʱԼСȷʵ御ԼķλĶͷǰ궼һȴˡ
ȻǾûҪȥһˣǽһ֯أһɳԼĸѾݺʩչͨ˼ϳǣǰȥԮ
ݺȻֻһСѾߣǸŽʱ䳤ҲЩֶεġ
ڱͳϳ֮˸µĵط˼죬Сעʱ򣬴һɽ˰ΧȦ
ȵԶϳ֮Ÿʩչһֽףһ
ֽ̾ͻһֵֻİ׺ס
ݺ׺ףƮƮȻľͻص˿⸮
ڿ⸮صĲˣǽƵĸ
ѽӵƱڼϳ֮ա
Ҫ֪СүոճҪǽи̣ʱλӶ£Сүɲһ¡
ҵ̾ǲԼĸױ԰˰Ӽٶ㴫š
˵ڽӵϢ֮ҲǷǳŭ
һģơ
뿪⸮ʱ򣬽ƿǰĵظ֤һ׵ȡɽ
ôȻ˼ϳУԼǰȥԮ
ԼһдõĻᣬȫȡʡȫ˷ˣԶɽĻᡣ
ȻǺôһշްնܲǼȡ
ֻ뿪ʡĽ紦򶫶ȥǰԮơ
˵Ĵҹޣһֱʮ죬Ǽϳ
ʱ˫ĳˡ
ǰȻ˵˶ڣǱԱȷʵǲһЩ
˫ĳһ̾ʹ·磬ܿľͱߵǱͷܡ
ߵȴ뵽˼ϳǵĸ̵ı˽
ԭоʮĹϳǣѾ˼εĴս
СһؿɲʲôˣӶȫǡ
⼸ʮҹͣĽϳ˾޴ѹ
ǽ룬ҵȣ¼ϳͱˡ
ʹϳҲʧСʮͣľֻʣͣ
Ҳҿ˽ڰ׿ֵµЩ˲ûбҪһӵĻôͶˡ
һ߳˽ӴһСҲõϢ֪ǰԮ
ԼһĵˣСҧгݺ޲ý̻
ָСǳԼҪһʱСľͻᱻơ
ȻԼ˶࣬ǱԱȷʵǲҪĴ»бƵķգ˲ѣСֻǳ˼ϳǵΧڼϳ˶
ڼϳеĽڳ¥ִ֮СֵĲ
ſȻʲôСǳ˼ϳǵİΧ򶫷ۼ
˿ķԮˣĻСҲ
ȻûһĹڼϳǵı͵һ̳
ֳ֮ľӣĶ飬ϳǽӽ
Щ֮һ߸ߵ˧죬һ֡
û˵ˣһ㵽ˣƣЦտ
Ҳ˲ˣԵһԼ·ʹҴҵ˳ǣ̧֮Ľӣһǰȥӭ㡣
˵Ĵڽӽϳ֮󣬷СѾ˼ϵĶͻǰԷŶԷ͵Ϯ
ȵ˼ϳǳǽ֮⣬㲢ûнǣ򶫣Ҳ˼ϳǵĶӪկͼϳǳ֮ơ
ȵһߴˣߵľ˽
֮󣬸ϽС˴Ӫ֮⣬ȻڼѾԼױı֮վӪ⡣
ǽƣһСų¶һ˿Цݡ
ֻϽǰԶԶľһ򸣡
أǽ߼˽Ƶԣ˫ֽεסȻЦ˵
⼸ˡ
վЦ˵
ʲôģԼҵ飬Ҳ˭
˵ͷ֮󣬾§ŽƣĿ֮½˴Ӫ
ȵ˴ӪоʣͽԶž衣
ȵ˫˼ڲ֮˵
һôôСģȻСѾͷĵ
ƿЦһ£Ȼ˵ҲֵµЩ̫̰Ȼ֮ǰ˼ϳǡ
˵仰ƽеĲ豭ŵ£̾Ϣ˵
Ҫٵȼ죬ҵ˼ϳ֮ٷƾҵı£Сӵùҵġ
ڽƵĻŵġ
ǰʱ㲻֪Ƶ֪֮󣬶ıҲġ
οСһֽ̳ģƾŽƶ˽⣬СȻֵ
˵ͷžͰѻת
ڽʡѾһƣ۽֮ûлָԪĻᣬҵȻǸϿɽ⣬֮ڱϽʡҪϵʱ䳤ֲãһﻹĶɽ𡣡
Ƶ˵ͷȻ˵ϢһҹʱҳȥֵҪרҪСʱȰʶȤܹĻҲ͹ֲĺ
׽ڵĸܣҪ֪СǼ˽Ʒǳ˼
ǵŮģΪ棬ΪԼֻˡ
ãȻˣΪѹ󡣡
ֵĵ˵ͷ
Ȼû飬˫һ֮󣬽ƾʹҴҵĻص˼ϳС
⵹ǽƲžֻۣΪϳûĻױСлɳˡ
һҹҴҵĹȥȵڶϳбһĹŴű㱻򿪣мǧ˴ӶŶСǰ
һҲһ˳˴ӪͽƵĴϵһ
һһҡ
ڴǰվˣͽƣԷޡ
ȵк֮󣬶СĴӪҲʼ
һķڣӪŴ󿪣ܿľһֵ䣬סš
ȵԲڰһߣһɡǣɡ֮һĵŮӡ
ͽƶǳϤˣڰ̵ĽС
ԶԶĿСӢˬӣ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
ȻԼעѪ̵ģǰСѾͷѾȥɬΪһĴ
Ȼеĸ̾ǽȴû¶һ˿ЦŶ˵ͷȻǰǰ
ֻϣָŶС˵
Сɻʶң
СʵԼϳеѾ˽һ
֪ԼΪѵģԭȰ̵ķĸơ
Ϊ֪ԼĵǽƣСŰ˼⣬Ͳˣ̵ķĸΪʲôҪ˺Լԣ
Ǽˣʸһ


600 
ƺСǰԡ
ԭȵʱޱȣȴǵˡ
С˵ĸǰ̵ΪʲôҪŵҽΪѣ
ƿŶѾȥɬԵԽԽСοЦһ£Ȼ˵
֮ǹʦҵķôΪỊ̇ҵķΪѡ
ʵлһ仰û˵ǾǣҵĺѾҪִõ£ôΪСѾͷҵĶܿࡣ
С֪Ƶһ룬Ȼ˵
ĸͨҲҶһֽסʱ񹦣ôԶԣ
СѾͷǺݶȻҪԼҵķ˷Լ
ҲˣǰĽƺȵ
ݶСѾͷ˵ʲôϽ֣ʡ˷ʱ䡣
Ĵߴ٣ҲЩΣֻǶС˵
ҲҵķߵҲ飬ֻҪֻĲʱҪǰʮʱȻȫȡ£ϧˡ
˵仰֮󣬽һ뿪ǰһֻһ˲Сԣֱ̧Сĸ
СҪԭȵʱֻôһ¾ͱסˣ޹ȻЩ¡
ֻСһµıƥ̾ͻΣ֮һСԱһƮͶ˽ƵĹ
СһأȻͻһ磬ֱƵ
Ҳľڰ̵طһȻС״ֻ̬΢΢һЦȻεĻʧȥӰ
Сһգ̾ס˽ŲʼѰҽơ
ɨһȦҲûзֽƵӰӣЩľˡ
ĵϸʱͻȻ֮͸оԼԵķʼɢһֳֻĲֱӾ͵ദ
һ̫ͻȻˣСûзĻᣬֱӾͱС
С޹Ѿʼת
˶ڱ˵һֻЩ˾Ͱˡ
Сˣž͸оһαȫ
ǻһķҪеķȫ
СҲǺǵģֻ񹦣ĵ͵һֻ֮ھ˼飬ͽȫѹס
ʱԶҲֳ˽Ƶֻʱдʡ
뷶֮ľ֮Ϸ֮׻֮Ѫ֮֮֮֮֮֮ʱ˽ڣа嶾֮Ρ򺮻ȣ岻ų֪֮ȥþͣɽ񡣡
䡣
ȻƽʱΪβġ
ȴ֪ﻹһãٻȡ˵
֮ʩչŷҲں֮󣬶ʱĹҲЩ˽⡣
رϵķ˥
ͨ˥ʱҲǸеô
½һЩǰʩչŷ
ģ˥ҪȡС
ȻﾭƸ֮󣬱ǰˣֻ֮ͻȻһ޵ĹֱӵľСڡ
СͻȻоԼһžһڲͣ
ոձѹȥĽƵķʱҲʼڷµһйСֻھ٣Щվȡ
СЩͨǿվŲȻ
Ӧһ졣꣬Ȼ
ⷨСٻӦ޽ޣǰ
ȻС֮յάȣֳһ
ֻһͣ㻯һ⣬Сͷ
С壬ڿʼԼƵķȻȫڣ󻯳һɫķ뵽Сĵ
Сɷ룬Ȼʼ͵ֻͣǼͱһߡ
СҲʼŤȫղǸĵˣǽʬ
ԶĽƿСٻޣģֻ΢΢ЦЦСʩչһУϵˡ
Ҫ֪СطȻڰղܣЩطԭȷĸ
ʱ򣬽֪ط֮ҲһЩ̰ҪɣӶɣɾޡ
Ʒ֣ط֮󣬱ϿԼͨʵһгɣ¾ͳ޵Ŀ
Ϊƣŷ˶񹦵롣
ΪԷһҲо˸͸
Ȼôõˡ
ʱСҲʼ־ˡ
ֻ͵һȻͿʼ޵Ŀռ䣬ȵٴʱѾ˽Ƶ
޺һЩ츳ֻֻͨһ֣޾ķĶʼϬ
ֻ֮УһɭѪζžһѪɫĹâڷ֮֡
âһŽƷȥ
ǽƺ֪޵͵Ϯһֻǰһʧ޵ǰ˼ʮ֮⡣
޺ҲһԭʩչĲǷķǷеͨͨ
ҲֻͨſʱͿռ֮ش󣬲κηӰ졣
һУҲͣٴλޡ
˫Ϳʼè׽Ϸÿһ˽Ƶ󣬶ͨҲСÿһܰ޵׷
ȴûз֣Ȼ˵ͣӶݣÿһݺݵڵ¶һš
ȵĶʮŽ֮ͻȻ͵Ծ˰֮С
֮Ϳʼٵ
ɵĴų˱ƣϡĴԵػţݷ׵Ĵų˱⣬ҡĶġ
ﲻͬ죬ٱۺ䡣
һ֮űᱻ򿪣֮߾ҪųͨʼλҰ
Ȼոյ֮꣬оͽγ˼УųĹâ
âʼܿľ֮Уһϡ
ʱ֮һ˸ֳΡ
ʱѾû˸ղŵţֳһ˿Ļ̿֡
ôһ˿˿ǣ֮Ҳϡ
ʱɫʼı仯һǼֲסˣһɹдɳС壬֮鳲һеһͶȥ


601 ֻ
С㶵վھȻѾ֪رˡ
һȵתʧˣС۾»ָ
ԶķĸСѾѹ΢΢һЦһ˶Է޹ҲǾһ
޹ȻĽǳΪĳλ޵ĻԼǾͻᱻ
Լʩչͨλ޸Сϵһ˿ĻǣǱֻߡ
СܹȫĻָԼǡ
ڷĸΪСָ֮󣬶Լһж£ŰͶԼ
֪С۹һ£ͻȻĴӻȡһöذףȻ͵ľĸ˹ȥ
һöذ׵ǰôҲǵ֮ͨһ˲ʩչͨԱһŲ
յĶ㿪ˣ׹ذס
СһУһذ»صС
ʱԶһ¶Ρ
ڵĽɫѾ࣬С񿴵һ
СѾͷ֮飬Ҫ͵ϮҵȻ㲻á
˵֮󣬽͵ǰһٳֵʱѾСĺֶ֮࣬ץ˹ȥ
Сзֻһת֮еذ׾ͶŽƵֻȥ
ǽƶذ׺ǳļɵذ׻æ󳷡
СѽƱˣæ˻صУɲٺͽƶԵˡ
С˻еʱ򣬽ֳΣ˫ľѾҶԷѾص֮УҪڶСЩˡ
һţȻε»صԼǰ㣬εЦЦ
СѾͷԽԽˣûа취ˡ
΢΢һЦ˲صģ
˵仰֮ӻȡһ˿С
ⶫѾܳʱûʹˣֻΪĵ˶ͨ˿пòסԷ
ԭ޹С˿Ҳȥ
ȴһˣѾС޹ͨ½˺ܶࡣ
СҪ֮»÷һЩ
ˣ
ֻһһ͸˿֮ϣ㽫˿׵˰֮С
֮Ǽ˿оǻŵһڰҡͷβ±ߵСһָ
˿о˷ڰзɿߣֻգۼĹСͷ
СҲϻеذһס
ǰذ̾ͻǣ˿ն
һ˿УȻ˵ʲôıҲһذܹƻġ
ǰذ˼ΣҲûж˿һһ
ذȻƲ˿ΣҲһΧ˿ҵķ裬˿оȻ䲻ȥˡ
վԵĽƣЦЦȻ˵๫󣬿ôСѾͷҲòס
˽ƵĵЦһ졣
û뵽Сл֮
һԵĽȴͿ
㲻ҪССѾͷеذףǶҵһŶ͸壬û뵽徹ȻСѾͷ
㶢Զڲͣذףȴ˵Ȼıܲ
ҡҡͷȻε˵ⶫȻҴ£ǵһûû뵽ôļȻͨˣͨҲС
üЩֽʵ̫ˡ
ǿĲԼĶУǱǸ˺ãںˣǰ˸ˡ
ƿ㲻ˣҲЩŭ
ʿͨ󣬰ҵıյĲˣĻСѾͷذ׶˵ֵ
˽ƵıԹҲЩ˼æĴӻȡ˽ʨ͵˽ƵС
ˣǰһʱЩæµ԰ˣʨջأ
˵⻰ʱ㻹Щãʨһۡ
˵ʵʨȷʵοôʱķʨͨڿ˵һֵı
ĸϻˣҪٲ͵㶫ûϴˡ
ǷĸƳһֿۣ˿еĽʨӣµ˵
ⶫǲҪҺǵм죬Ƕòߣ绹ҡ
֪һ㲻ˣֻǿЦŴӻȡı죬һͬݸ˽ơ
¶ЦݣӹǽʨӺı죬ŵ˻Уüţæİο
˱ˣԺõʱʱȡǡ
Цһ¡
һж˵ġ
˵仰֮󣬾Ͱ۹һͶԶս
ֻǼ˿УȻڰ֮кذ׾һ
ʱƣ˿кЩУϵҲʼ
龰˱æڰһץǼ˿к˸ӦӾͰذףɿһͶ
ǰеذҲû׷ϣһ⣬µСС
СذףݺݵԷ˿֮󣬴Աȡڰҡҡ
ҡµİʿҲʼǰѹȥ
㿴İ̵ʿгƣһ߹üͷ塣
ܿľչƾŶЩɢ£Լ治
Էȷʵ˶ڣҪǴһҲʧСԼµЩԼµĵƣɲʧ̫
۾һת˰취ֻӻȡ˿дʡ
鱦𣬰οΡķǣڤ׻̷硡ȸ䣬Ρ
֮ʩӿڿУ̾ͷɳ
Щոյ֮оĹ֮Щһ𵴣Щ̾ͻһɹεʼʿƮȥ
ЩʿȻ˵Щ£ǸκεƶֻĿЩ뵽ǵڡ
ЩʿǾ͸оһǵĵ֮ӿ˳֮󣬳֫ٺ
ЩʿֻԼĴʿ޲ھͳǰȥͶЩоսһܷйԼеıơ
ԱߵĽƼ龰üͷһ£ȻĽͷĶ˵
õͨʿ䣬ͣʱӦɲС¡
΢΢һЦһж֮С
ʩչֻͨǸҷʿһ룬ʩչ˵У
˵仰֮գգ۾
ǽƿĸЦģһת˼
һؿǰʩչͨǲǸԼʿһ㱣ɡ˵еֵµʿʱӦҲûʲôϵ
Ҳһȡɰ취
뵽֮󣬽ʱ͸ûʩչͨǰͨˡ
ֻտʼ֪ǳʱùһηصͨԸͨˡ
֪һЩߣͰһȫ֮һеĶֵµЩͽܡ
뵽ʱ򣬽ͻȻðһ亹


602 
ʩչ귨֮󣬽Ҳҡ죬µЩʿҲʼװǰ
ֻӣƽԭϷһս
Ҫ˵СµЩ̵ʿȷʵǲ
ǰߵ˵ˣ̾Ͳϡ
ȥǸˣֻҪǻûͻ뾡һеİ취͵ͬھ
һľһᱻԷʿ䡣
һ̵սȴʧȥá
ΪԵĿǾӳֵľӡ
ЩȻ˵ûηȴһ쳣
Ȼ˸
ʵݲһУŸ˵ѹס
Ҳ֪֮ĴսһָܹӵģλָͣӵøĸԽ
˫ϳƽԭ֮ϣһֱɱ磬ֱµʿЩƣŸձ
ȵ֮һֱ֡
ȻһԼʩչͨµʿѼӳ֣ǶİҲǰ׸ģһսʧǧˡ
һԮϴҲֻ5ˡ
ôһսʧ˶ʮ֮һεĲۡ
صӪ֮󣬿ʼ
ҿԱ߽ڲͣذοһЩ֪ȥԷۼԽԽİͽʱ治ðˡ
ôӰ̵ڲֻ߽С
뵽֮۾һתԱߵĽ˵㲻ڰõʱ򣬸ϽķϢðڲһ뿪СӪ
֮ҲЩЦ
ΪҲ˼ϳ֮ѾΣһС˵ǰңһЩҳʿ֮⣬˶СѰҵĸĸȻЩǱСǲࡣ
⻰˼ǳˣǸ㣬ҶԶǰѾûʲôˡ
üͷֲͣӣͻȻ֮վԺ˼Ȧ˵
Ȼˣɴ࣬ҽǱӪУȡС
ԽԽ취ܹá
ֻҪСˣǱԼסˣôµЩ̻߹
ĻҲеܿľ־
СǶı»ϵᵥ˶ȥҲΪ塣
ںİڵİ֣ŵ˵
СǶıôƾҵͨ´ȥá
⵹ǣ˵󻰣ԴѹŸɵĵɸ֮֮ϵɵĸëǡ
ǻżҲȲֻѾɾˡ
ΪѾЩÿˡ
ƿȰ䣬̾һû˵ʲô
֮̾Ϳʼ׼ȵϵʱ͵͵ĳ˾ӪƮ֮Уİ̴Ӫȥ
Ҳһس䲻⣬ûзӪ֮Ȼûκε谭ֱоʡ
Ȼ˵ЩˣһЩСĻеģ֮û̾ʹȥʩһ䣬˴ʵĸʼ۲졣
ֻо֮УС˧֮󣬴ʱġ
Ҳͣиʽ˵ȣȥС¶
֮㰵ĵ˵ͷ
ԷûзԼֵĺʱ
뵽֮ӱȡǰ񽣣֮һףſ
ȥնаΪֽ׾У
ָָָ֮˧֮С
Ǳžͻһ磬ֻգۼĹʹ˧ᣬֱмСȥ
ǸСû뵽ʱ͵ϮһԷһĶ
龰Ǵϲ
Ӱ˳Զıһ֣ǰѱ»⣬С
űڱţžʹʧɫ
Ϊڱ֮ŵһİ˵Ϣ
Ҫ֪СչܶˣЯһ
ɫͻʱоʵĸĻѡ
ЩѲǾôǰһķλʼͣߡ
ҲоܵʼٵɢͬʱĹҲʼһ١
⽵ٵĹɲڼӳ㣬ǿʼȡڵķ
⻹˵ã
ҪöԷԼڵķˣԼô˻־ܡ
ԼʩչͨöԷ֪֪Լ
Χƺơغƺơ顢飬Ӷݵõ³ʦռΧǣ˷Σͭǽɸߣаʦվ£򷨲һӰͭģ۽𵶲մӼ׺䣬аʦаҳ϶ǡǣ̫Ͼ
ķʩչ³еط
ⷨΧǷ
һʩչͻԼγһ޹ɵεĳǽ
ⷨȻڵֲ֮ûʲôôǶаԼַķȴǳǿ
֮оһĹ򣬽㻤С
£ԭȳȡڷķҲʼޣɢˡ
ոշһЩͻȻЩΧߵĻһӿһˣһķλΧ㿪ʼת
ǵжڰ֮оȻγһεЩģµķ
ЩʼٵĻ㼯֪ãҪķͣƾԼĵ֮治һܹѡ
Ҳ˲÷˼ˣֻӻȡ˲⣬͵ľ׵˰֮С
һʧˣľոշɵУͺ񱻷ε¡
Ͻǰһ½ľץص˻С
üͷ壬⵽ʲô󷨣Ȼô
Ҫ֪ǰһʱʱ򣬶ʮλɣǿĽԼסһߵԵľһЩ已̥
˼ʱԶһ̨ڸ̨֮ϣĲˣǸղűһصС
Сڸ̨֮ϣһߺȵ
ʿϵǰ͵Ϯʶǰ㡣
㿴Զ¶΢ЦСЩŭ
СѾͷӲԼҪȡˣڷС
̨ϵСʱԱ߽ӹһѱž̨֮Ͻ̤
ֻıͣضķλָȥÿһ¶һС
Щ£оԼܵѹԽԽʢķҲʼóĬȥôûκεá
Ƿǳĺڣ֪ӽƵĽ飬ðˣĻҲء
ֻǺڣûκεĺ£Ϊеûг
ֻҪǵΣʱ򣬰ǹͲϻʲôܵסԼ
ֻ㲻׵ĶΪ㷢ÿһθϣȻܹԼоһЩܵһЩŷȾҪʱ䳤ˣֲĻΪһ
ʱɾЦˡ


603 
תһȦϾ˰취
Ȼάռ䱻֮ⷨУѵҲӵάռȥ
뵽һͿʼάҪΪάռ䡣
ֵǣôеάռ䣬һάռ䣬ûš
һЩĺˡ
ΪоԼʶѾһƬռ֮С
ĻԼǸƹܲٻǸ⡣
ʱǸСѾĲˣֻеķָָضķλ֮оһǳʼ˸γģһС
ֻЩѵϿգԼԼֻ
Ҳ֪ǲСЩǳٻЩޣȻ˵ǿ֣ȴ֣ôʵ
Щ޸һ͸оһѹ
ʱ㲻ҵϽԼһЩ롣
һҪʩչ䣬ŷԺϸղŵΧǷϣγһǳι̵ı֡
ڣ޺ƽ٣֤ͨ⣬Ω۶н⣬ӳ֮֮ţأȺգ飬йͬӭʹ飬ɥ־Σ۽ڣ֣̳ͥ
һ꣬е˸Ӧһϼ֮ڡ
Ȼھͱŷҫ۵Ľ⣬ֱӾͿʼ򸽽ӡ
ѹڷĸֹ֮Ҳò
ӣΧǷҲʼˣֳֻһĽ⣬һդΧ
һ߷ոʩչϣһ۳͡
Զ̨ϵСҲǳģһ
ΪʩչķͬСɣҲǴӹż֮кòײŷҳġ
Ϊǽһʩչûаܹٻ
Ҳ֪ôô˳ûöٷֻǰһ飬ⷨȻˣѾ䵽С
󷨻иֽ
һʩչеһжữɻԪ֮Ӷ۳ķ顣
տʼߣΪѾУзǣڵķػΪ˻֮
ڸ̨ϵСеı򶫷һȦ֮һǣָ㡣
СĶǶѾ˸Ӧֻҡͷβһεʹз֮͵УһԾ϶£ֱ㡣
ʱڼϮҲģֻӻһóľ⡣
һû׵֮Уǽ֮ڣһ䡣
񣬵ػ׽飬ؾ
׷õǻ׷
ľÿľ
ֻ㷨֮꣬Ͼ;ۼһҫĵ⣬֮ڻ̺һ˿˿Ļ档
ϾҪ˵ǰʱ͵һֶ̧Ͱȥ
ֻһҫĵð˳ֻգۼĹʹ֮ϡ
⣬һŵĻҲʼ֮ȼ
˼ɣܿľסˣһη
һûȥǿʼ㸽ߡ
ζоԼڵľҪһĳ
㼱æٴ̧֣Ķǰеʹ˼硣
ǿʼڻ֮ʧˡ
㳤һΪ˶Է
ǶһõӰʼ֣һĹ»
㿴龰ֱ֣ҪôȥԼҲҪⷨ
ʱڷ֮СҲЩĿɿڴ
û뵽ⷨȻãȻ˵һˣ֮˶ľ֮½˳
󷨾ȻôǣǱҲû˵ѽ
˵֮ڵģڿЩææˣΪɲǵһһֻĳ
ֻǽԼķȫһ߼ӳΧǷһʩչ׷ͣ⹥άסԼˡ
ʱƣڵķʼٵ½֪ȥǰ취
ֻڻһͣͳһŰֽ֮һס
Űֽһоһź֣źɢȥǰһֽӡ
ڽԱߵǸŮÿϽΡ
ڿɲҵ˽ӣһĽӡ
ǽ̾ͷų˹ḷ֮́оֳˣʼĴ
ЩȻ˵ķޣֱǸ˼ҵˡ
ֻǼغϵĹЩͱ˲١
ķǿʼøӵʵ
ڽе㼱æٴǽӡ
ͻȻڽоӿһŵḷֽ́γһɡǡ
ɡǴһɫĽӻס
һߣһ߾һɫͻ
ͻȻǸһӽ㣬һͳһɫդͻߡ
žһ⣬͸դͻ֮ϡ
ͻһգ̾ͷһĶһ
ͻۿɼٶȣ˥ȥ
Ҳα겻α׻һˣ̾һϢϣۿɼٶ»ָ
һͻЩˣֻſ˻ڣĿһ׹⣬׹ɢŽϢդϣ̾ͽǷդ˷顣
Զ龰֪ãֻٴĶֻţֻֻУ̾һɺ̡
ѸٵӣЩûбһմȾ̣̾ͱͨ죬Ҳʼý׳
ڽָָް׻
ӵ£Щ׻ԣһʼ˺ҧ
ǰ׻ҡͷβצҵĹȻ˵ǴɢһǸȴЩӦӲϾ
ӿµǣЩپɢ۾ܲˣֻΪҧһڡ
ʱһֻȸʼз裬Ŵһɻ棬ֱդ֮е㡣
龰æֽӣֽϵɡǣ̾Ϸȥ˻ıؾ֮·ϡ
ֽγɵɡԵĲĶֻ֣á֨֨һ죬ɡǾͻΡ
ڽе㼱æٴֽӣȻڵķҪǮһӿֽ֮С
ֽô෨Ҳû˷ѣֻһ磬һɺٴȻγһɫڰ֮
ʱǻҲô֮ϡ
һػûмֻǺɫһתǻ㱻˦˳ȥ֮С


604 
ڸ̨֮ϵСڷ֮ڵ㣬Ȼֵܹסֻ޵ĽҲЩ塣
ܿľʰ飬ʼȫ߶
ֻڷ֮ڵޣҲʼζʼжڰ׻ϵЩЩˡ
ҪѭһֵķͳܣЩһⷨմȾϾͻ˻̡
ڷе֪ʱˣڿɹ˲ʲôˡ
ֻӻͳ˿֮һЩе㳲
Ҫ֪еɺֽебʵĲͬ
ſеʱĶÿһѾﵽ˹ĵزֻҪǰһǹɡ
ôھȻǧֻ
ֻЩָһ֮󣬱㿪ʼ͵Ǹȥ
Ǹȸڵķλ
ȸÿЩֻϷųһĻ濪ʼ4ӣǱմȾҽвѡ
ЩЩУϾͻԭȵЩһɻҽ
ֽ֮Į۾Ǹ
⵹ƴˣΪ뷨
ЩзȻ˵ܵ˻˺ʼȥȴûֹͣŲȸӵȥܿľͽȸΧ˰֮С
ʱеҲʼֻһɫĹâֽͣɨ
ÿһɨֽӣֽӶһĽ
֮⻹һ׹
ҲҿʩչΧǷԼ䣬Ļֻô¼й¾û
䡣
ֻֻ޶˶һεĹâӳ֮󣬾һɨȥˡ
û˺㣬ȴ뵽޵֮ͨУͨ󳤡
һֽǼֲסˣ֮ŵĺɫҲǱķ飬»ɺ̣뵽ֽ֮С
ǰ׹һɨ¡
һǽɫĴҲûеסֻųһ⣬ܿľͰȥʧΡ
ΧǷµļлҲ֧顣
ۿҪ¶Щ޵Ƥ£Ȼһ侲עӣܲͣ⡣
ڵһᡣ
ȻˣǱΧŵȸȻ˵ЩǱʱƣڵķҲʼ࣬Ҳ
龰ͻȻӻȡ˷ͷΡ
ͷηŵ֮ڣдʡ
۵ӣƷ񣬳ڤߣŮзߣΡŮ
еһ֣ܷ˵Уѳ顣
꣬еǷͷҲһƴСķˣ֮ҡҡ򣬾Ȼɳġ
ǷһУǺӦ
֮ڴ֮֮Уһ֣֮Ƿ˵ϡ
Ƿҡҡ˶צ֮͵ľԶȸȥ
ȸѲһȻ˽
ֻǷһ죬һȸ֮ϡ
ȸɢĻΪһ壬һصȸڡ
ĻȸҲ˼£ʼһ棬һ
ڰеķһ죬뵽ĿС
һأȸûΡ
һɷڸⷨС
ǻȸʱĴȸλãֺȫĲͬⷨҲʼ©תҲʼ
ҲᣬһֽӣӾ˳Żڵķλ˳ȥ
һ뿪Ҳͷƣֻһ־ͽǻеУ֮һĽŻһӪ֮ⱼȥ
ڷ̳ϵСˣһİգϾҪ󻼣û뵽öԷлԼ
˾Ӫ֮⣬ͷ˿ӪڵСҲЩգֻӻͳľ׵˰֮С
һûĸţľǳɵ֮ڣָָָӪ֮ڵС
Ȼ֮оͿʼ̲֮ܲ硣
ĶЩǱŷ˳ֻһˮͰϸɫĵ⣬ҹգֱӾ̳ϵСȥ
СղȻǱı㻹Զ
ˮͰϸ磬СǲӲӣֻԱһ
˷̳֮ϣķ̳÷顣
⻹û꣬ȻûСǿ˷̳֮󣬾ͿʼԱѸٵӡ
һСɶ㲻ˣܿľͱɫ縲ȫ
ãʱûбȫƲСڱɫ縲֮Ȼо忪ʼѸٵԣǻǹ־ָԶһ
һһƹСϡ
ɫһƹ֣̾ͿʼܿľûӰ
СһҲˣһʧ͵Աһܣ㵽Ⱥ֮У֮ʧ
ҲС֮ҲһİգһԼ͵ס
Ȼûˣķֽȴأûмµ¶޷ָԭ״ˡ
̾һżһػһ⣬ϳǶȥ
ص˧ֽƻûϢԺصĶ岽ǶİΣǳġ
ڼƽˣһԣֱۣʵ
𣿡
⻰ɫЩ
СѾͷ֪һ󷨣ǳҾȻУҲҿһ飬ĻֲҪСۡ
ʲô󷨣Ȼס㣿
۾һ£˵ǽƼȻʵˣҲֻ΢Ľһ¡
תһת̵ķȫһ飬εҡҡͷ
ⷨҲû˵ǰ̵ش
ĬĬĵ˵ͷСȻ˵ǽƽ̳ģֲʲôѧһЩķ
ҲûȫŽƵĻֻڷ֮飬⻳ɣʵ˶
Ƽɫã֪ܴ죬вˣ۾һת΢Ц˵
һϢҪ㡣
ŶʲôϢ
ɳȥ̲ڵˣѾˣǿǸǴĺϢ
СŮһգգ۾˵
󲿷ֵĽڶѾͶҵ£ǶСѾͷѾάֲ˼ʮˣܿľͻˡ
¶һ˿΢Ц
ֻҪǶСİûݣͻ᲻սңʱԼɱܽɰ̵ȫĴݻ١


605 ͬ
˵иˣ˵ӪеС
оһˣ˼̾
ǰ̵ĿǣλǵĴ¡
һؿӣǰҪʧˣذ˿ɺǰһһܵȫˣʱ°и֮Σ
һĪչʱͻȻ߽һСѾߣСѾ߿˼СһۣЩԥ
СȻ˵һֱ˼̵δľԻеġ
̧ͷѾһۡ
ôʲô𣿡
Ѿ߸ϽǰСһ򸣣Ȼ˵
ڴӪ֮һ
Сһ£ڿսѾɱͷˣʲôˣôĵӸӪ֮м
ʲôˣ
ؽѾʹˣ˵ǳ͢ʹߡ
С֮Բü
㵽ˣʲôպҴսһϾʹߡ
ҿʹߵӺǴӶġ
СǳԾˡ
ΪǶģôһǴܳĳ͢һġ
˼˵͢ûкͶĹʦʹߵԼ⵽ʲô˼
ȻˣԼͼһǵˣʲô
֮СѾ߷ԸԴˣʹߴҵĴ֮С
СѾ֮󣬸Ͻĵ˵ͷ֮͹˳ȥ
ûйһСѾ߾ʹĽ˴ʡ
ѾߺˣʲôʱӼ
СЩɢҵͷȻվѾ˵
û£ɡ
СѾ߸ϽĹȥһһź۵˽˴ʡ
С˵ӰôϤԼǰƵġ
Ǹ˽̧֮ͷ˿Сû˵
С˼ŻֽѾ߸˳ȥ
ʱǸŽͷϵñӸ˿
Сſ˵ͬʱҲǳһ
ԭ˲ˣǸͽܣܳ˳»ʵ۵
ǰµʱ򣬿ǺԼս˼Լͨ󣬿»᲻˼ϳǣǡ
ԼΪʲô
ܿľô¶
ԽԽ󣬾ܳĳ͢ҲʼɵˣѵԼԼ㣬Գ󻼣
վ±ߵˣϱߵİ̵Сֹ̧˹Ȼ˵
ղһɺã
С΢΢Цһ¡
ʲôõģ㲻Ҳ𣿱˴ӳϳˣڿɥ֮Ȯˡ
˵ͷȻ˵˵ˣȷʵǱ첻С
С΢΢ҡҡͷȻ˵㱾Ȼ󣬵һûзС
仰С˵ﻰСΪȻ˵ͨ㣬ԼǶıҲ㡣
СΪĸ֮ķˣĸơ
˿˵԰˽һҪǰ̵ĺܶи߲㶼һֽ̳ģƾ飬Щ̵ĲֲþĻᷴԼͶԷ¡
ܿСͽֵ׵˾⣬ۣ±ߵʵ
һʲô飬ĪҪͶҵ£
˵ЦˣһǰҪݻҴһЭ顣
ʲôֱ˵ɡ
˵ͷ֮Ϲ˹֣Ȼ˵
ΪܳĹʦʵ裬¶һҷ󽫾˳֮ǰıұһһң
С˵ͷԸȷʵǷǳõĻᡣ
С׼̾ʹӦҪһԷ
˵һϯСû̵ĴӦԼ֪ȻϵˣСҪͳ͢һĬ
˵ȵ֮󣬳͢ϣɽĵط鷳ˡ
С֮󣬲ÿɷЦЦ̧ͷ˿Ȼ˵
ҷôĹ򣬺ս˼ǽѹסڳ͢ȻҪժӣЩ˰ɣ
ֹ̫˰ɣ⼸̺սҲˣƾҪ㣬ǰΣοͨ󣬽ǰ͵ϮҪǱϵˣ½Ѿ촦ˡ
Сһŭ͵ľʹλվϾ뵽ʲôƽһԼ飬ԱߵĲһڡ
˵ĲͨȷʵУѵ͢жԸİ취𣿡
԰ĵ˵ͷȻ˵
һҲǰϵҺͽʡķҲͨϢֻҪߴЭ飬һͻƽʱβˣȻܡ
С֮۾ҲҪô˵Ļпܻȫȡ˺ϡ
һҪ㣬Ǿͨ
ʿ׼ôԸ
ҲЩ룬ȷʵ˷ǳ鷳ڳ֮͢Ҫ˵ܹǿееסģֻǸ˳»ʵԵ̫ˡ
̫һֱڻԣǵ˽ͷʱ뿪ʦġ
СĬȥ֪ȷʵûʲôð취
͢˱ѵûеֵס𣿡
Сһۣ룬ǰԼĵ˵˳
ڳ͢Ĵ֮УмλǰֻҶ֪ǲĶ֡
˵⻰ʱǳûе
СĬһ£ѾһûʲôܹԸˡ
ʹ͢һҲǳʵԼҲֵܹסȻ
뵽С˵վڴ֮ߡ
˵ʵͷµĴ޷ס㣬ҪǼôȥȵĴݺľͲò˱ˣʱӾɱڰ˵һγصĴˡ
ʱĺͳ͢ˣԼҲøܵС
֮СվȵĽŲתͷ˵
ˣҾͽܳͣ͢ôԸ㣬ǿҪúõһ¡
СĻ¶Цݡ
ãǷǣ֮
СԽõλ֮ϣλ֮жʵ
Ȼϣǲ֪ǵĴʲôطܲ¾սɣ
˵ͷȻ˵
ҺѾ˵ˣֻҪǺͽЭ飬Ĵ̿ΣֻҪĹܵϸʱһ𷢶Ȼܹ㡣
СĬĬĵ˵ͷͬʱпʼ
ԼڴսʱͻȻ֮䱾һҵӺϮ㣬ʱһβˣ¾벻ȫû첻ˡ
ãô˵ˡ
ԷӦһһڲ裬ȻС˵
ҾͲﵢˣ̻ȥػ
СվԽ͵˴Ӫ֮⣬ʧ»صоʡ
ȵûˣС¶һ˿Ц
͢һ̫ˣҪԼһ㣬ĸ֮ȴûһ룬ԼҲҪó͢ʵ
ȵ㱻֮ԼʱϱϾܣԼҪһġ


606 
һʱ䣬ϳĴսȻ˹ƽ֮С
һΪŽƣʱһ߸С˵ľСȻս
СȴڵŴǰԮ
һ죬о֮ںŲſ飬ͻȻƼҴҵ߽оʡ
нˡ
е飬̧ͷ֣Լ֮ץʵ
ʲô飿ż
˳ƵԣȻü˵
ҵõϢ͢ͳ10ѾӺӱºϣܿͻᵽϳǡ
֮һüܿչ
뷨һҪĿĿҪԼϵĿȨ
Ͼ뷨֮УɽѾԼռһ룬ٽֻҪǻСʱɽԼ֮
͢ʱʤĹʵҲһӡ
͢ǲ뿴ѽ
Ҳǵ˵ͷ뷨һµġ
๫㿴ô죿
վڴ֮תתȻ˵
ǻܺͳ͢ͻϾܵУֻг͢һѣҪ͢ˣǿ¾ͻ뼫ı
֮ҲĬĬĵ˵ͷ
̾һȻ˵һؿҪ͢һЩͷһˡ
๫׼ɽø͢׼ֻǻЩ̸ǡ
ɽҵĲͷ­Ѫŵôøˣ
๫˼˵Ҫɽһֵøǣ
Ϊʱֻ͢ˣֻҪǲڵ̰øһЩҲ֮١
ܿľ۾
ȵȫʤɹͻᱱϽʡȵ¶ٺ˲١
һ½ǳսԡ
ʱİ⳯͢Ȼɽգ֮񣬵ʱ򱱷ֻʣ³͢ôһˣʱڱ˳͢
һ£ͬսԡ
ðɣȻ͸͢ͷɡ
ţȥϵӪڰ̵ıࡣ
һ£Ȼоһϲ
ĻǼͽа̵ĴӪΧڵм䣬ʱֻҪ˫һþôҿ¾֮

ڼ֮ŵĴǳ˼ϳǵ֮С
ҲǳʵİķԸӪ˰̴Ӫı
ڵƱϿ͢ľѾŵΧס
֮ļ֮УֺƵš
˫Ѿ̶ȵ֮湥̵ĴӮ˫սĲҵʱ򣬳Ϯһٻư̡
˫ڽɽ̵ķָϣȴǳ
һЩòʱס
ȵ֮ҲӣǾ12˰̴Ӫ֮⡣
ڣһҲûʾСͳ20ƽԭ֮
ⷽԲʮҲżʮĻ㼯ľͿʼɭ
ڴűơ
ֻСҲڱ֮ϣͷǻɡǣǴ󽫴ӵôһ¡
һСûǰȥǸָʿʼԷӽ
ҩζս֮ԽԽŨ
ں߿ʱˣҡҡ
ԱߵĴ̾˼һɫĴ죬ʼƴҡ
ɫĴöĴǵõʲôһʼǰƽ
һȴûмĳѿƣ
ĴϾҪӽ̵Ӫʱ򣬰һͻȻɳһƬһƬļꡣ
´װرǳǰЩһܣһᵶ
ǽֵĶƾͷֵŷĹͬʱµĲӵĿˡ
ܿľӾײ˰̵ľ֮С
ȻһƬȷѪꡣ
˵ʵĴѵһʳҲǳĺãѵϺǿ׳ϣǿ˰̵ˡ
һӴ̾ͰѰһɱǽڽںˡ
ȷѾƿ˰̵ǰ̾ͻӹԵԽ˵
̴µ5000Ҳ๥̣һҪβˡ
Խ֮㹰˹֣ȻͲǹȥپȥˡ
ȵԸԽֶԵĽ˵
ϵͳӺϮ̣ȡһؽһ򾡡
ƵͷҲȥԸȥˡ
һԽһ׼ϣȻͳ5000࿪ʼ̷ͻϮ
ԽĽǳ˳ֻһͻ뵽˰̴м䣬ʼͻ
ԽĹһ߿ʼһ£ܿС֮£ѿơ
ֻԽǰһŵĳǹ
һľԽ治Ҵͳ壬ֻһȦҪӲɳǹ
ЩǹȻǶԸһ㣬ǾתЩ
Խεת֮ɳǹĲ
Сڸ̨֮ϣԽԼĴ֮ҵͻۿžҪƳǹҲЩΡ
Ȼ˵̵ľǳ࣬ʿҲװȷʵȳ͢ࡣ
˵Щ֯͢ǧͻһȴû
ҪһֱӾܰȥ͢ס
ûа취ˣֻǰˣĻôȥûеȵǰԮԼһ߾Ѿˡ
뵽֮СһԼױʼǰסԽһʼҡǸ˽ɫĴ졣
㻹˵СµױȻ˵ǲȫؼףһǰİԽʱĵֵסˡ
ԽտʼڵоǰĺúõģǺܿľͱһƬ̶Щü
ҪսƶٶϣһǱ̶һôǵսȲҲǿ˶١
ҪǰȥԮʱͻȻ֮Զ޹
㼱æִԶƣֻڰ̵Ĳֳһֻ
¶һ˿ЦݣͳĴǰԮԼˡ
ֻǻŴȥ
ֻĿѾʼЩˣΪͲܵ˳͢ĹһߣһֻҪȫûˡ
ڰ̵ʿķң˰µʱֻȻͻȻתȻĲϮ
һɫࡣ
Ͳȥ룬һѾͶİ̴Э飬ҪһٻԼ
ͬʱҲһߺޡ
Ϊܳ͢Ͱƴɱܳ͢ȴڱͱҵĵӡ
ȫҪȰס͢Ȼһֱǵ顣
ԵĽƣҲһϽԡ
Ͽ취ѽ
Ĭһ£Ȼ˵ԽͶԷĽӴȻΪϺ˸ƣĺˣȫϳǡ


607 
Ȼ˵ɹתأǴתƣɲһ仰ܹġ
ټľӷǰδеĻҡ
úõļҳһţеҪ󳷣е˻֪ǰأ̤
ڲһе˻Ӷ10ʼɲм䣬Ĵֳ롣
ʱƵỊ̇һҲʼ˷
һǰܵС
վԵĽƣȫļˣֻҡҡ壬Ͼͷų˰׹⣬ҪڿնȥΪɱһѪ·
ոյҪԱߵͰסļ
ǹȥôǰĴھΪ򣬿ǵĴ
˵֮һԾԾ˶ǰ֮һʼӴԺеǷ䡣
ֻҡҡͿʼ͵ֻͣǼĹͳ˰ɴС
ԶʩСüͷ壬ַصͨǳΡ
ڴ˾ʤĹؼʱ̾ܺˣʹǶԷҲҪȥһ
뵽ʱС͵ĴӸ̨֮ϾԽ˵¡
Ȼ͵һҲɵĸ¡
Ȼżأ͵ľʹܵ˰֮֮󣬾ͻһֱ㡣
ڵ㣬԰ɸµڲͣ¾Ű̵ʿ
ҲԺˣȰǰһ̯ȹȥ˵
̵ѾȫˣҲ˲׷ɱľˣȱסСҪ
ֻЩҲʲôˣƴӴܡ
һǿɾ鷳ˣʹ˵ס㣬Ҳһʱپ½ˡ
ҲʱСɵޣһγǰ
Ҫ˵СȷʵʲԴɷ֮ͨǡ
ȻܹһΣȴûлɥǸӵŬУɷѾ˼£ֻҪһܹȫޡ
ɺǰٻ޵һ˿꽵ȫĲͬ
ǰʱֻ޵һ˿Ѿһޡ
ȴ֪ʵڵ⣬ѾǸӦûʲôˣֻҪλ˺ģ̾ܶ塣
ʱȲ˵Щ
ֻС˸лӳһɷɵĹ⽣
⽣;Щۡ
֪ҪǱ⽣˵¾ԼзصͨҲܡ
㲻òֹͣ˶԰̽ڵ׷ɱ˵һ㿪СĹ
֮ɽһİƣ͵ľеСȥ
һС㹥ֻһ٣ξʧ˰գȵٳֵʱѾĺࡣ
Ȼ˵˰ɵľˣȴһҲٻֻСոյת۷ųֱС
㳤ʱзɽ֮Ѿ֮ڴһɽ
⽣ֻͨ۾ųɱһֲ
СȻǱˡ
ڰ֮ʩչͨҪأֱӾʹ֮ϡ
һСп˵ˣΪû˺ֱӾʹľ֮С
⽣˵ʵҲŽԵԣһľͿʼƻ
СæĽһ뿪ĸ֮Ҳٹ̵ܰĽˣֱӾϥڵϣת񹦣Ҫɽȥ
һûСӣǷſֽţںƴ׷ɱЩ̵Ľڡ
ϾûзȻ赲˰̵ͻһľȴչ÷ǳ˳
ֻԴӣʿ䣬10Ƿǰ
ЩҲ֪Ƿʲô裬ҧŵҲԼķƴǰеĸֵ
һߵȻ˵ѵأҲûƣ˸տʼʱͱˡ
ֻǼ棬ǰһƬˡ
еĽƼ龰֪á
һǶԷʩչʲôô˵ķ
ʱȣҲûа취˶Էķ䣬ֻʱݴ
ʱԽżǧѾ»صǰ
˵Խ⼸ǧˣеľеľ
ŴεĴս֮У֧ʿ䣬ն
ֻҲûйÿһδսǹ޲ս޲ȡ
ֻļ룬ĲȶһЩЧҲǳޡ
Ϊ֧ӾսٸߣҲɷɵģЩֻ֪ƴɱͲҰ޾ӣҲЩʩչ
ãʱɱɢ˰̵Ĵһ߱
ýӽ˴ǻָһЩʿҲʼҧͶԷӲƴ
ʱԶӪ֮еԶԶĿŲͣӽԼһ㣬֮¶˷ߺޡ
˵ʿҳĶݲ˽죬㲻˼⡣
Ȼļɳ
ֻȻϵ·˸ɾ֮󣬻һС·ľǰ˹ȥ
ʱǸϵֳʼɱɱ
ֻ̧ɽһĽţ͵ȥЩʿȻ˵ηľҲûκεİ취ֻǴ
ʹˣЩʿҲûһ˺ˣŵǹӵ
ʱƣһľԽԽء
ҲܣΪɱԽԽ࣬͸оԼϺһӰ
֪ãѾմȾҪǲϿ취Ҫɳ󲻵ô˥Ҫ
Ҳʱ300ľ롣
ֻӻȡһ廨룬Ȼתȫķȫ͵廨֮ڣ֮۾͵ľͽ廨˳ȥ
ûע⵽һߵѾ־
ʱһֵǰ
ڵעЩУһñС
ֻöͷһۣžһɻȵӿ뵽֮ڡ
ӿ룬ڵķ̾Ϳʼɢ
һ
Ҫ֪ʩչصͨҲһķ˲
һԼȻ˷ҲǺö
ڷɢңҲҲάֲסصͨˡ
һĻζͼֻǼĹ򣬾ͻ˵ĴС
ںߵɫһĿϲִӻȡ˵귫
ԭȶѾ֮͸ġ
ԭȵʱҪƾ㣬ǼֱǳΣһб
⵴귫ѾǾе̫వһμ
𣬼ʹ⵴Ҳ˵ֺ
˭ˣѾɢңʱȡĺʱ
ֻ۾Ķ㣬еĵҡ
ԶȫƽϢڷĶңǾʱ͸оԼ꿪ʼҪȥ


608 һ
һŵòᡣ
ܿľͷӦֻŷҽſʼĶء
ͬʱҲʼз䡣
飬ϼ档ŵػŹ·ϵ£̫Ԫɷʹߣꡣɢңǰ񡣼
˼飬е˸Ӧһϡ
Ľ٣㱾ѾЩɢңҪɳҲʼ
Զһ΢΢һЦȻķӦλǵƿ֮С
ִӻȡһѷɵ
ɵԭȵʱͰ̺ʱõģֻһûʹãˣʱ
ֻɵԼǰ֮֮ҧ⣬ȻⴿѪ絽ɵ֮ϡ
ԶһǷɵҵĿ꣬һѪɫһֱͷ­
ڵȫİԼ꣬ûй˵Ϸİ
ۿɵҪӴͷ­ʱ¾ǲҲˡ
ʱһ⻪ֱӵľͽסǷķɵ⻪֮ϣһֱӵķ˻
Զһ֪⾹Ȼǰ㣬ⱾµĿɲֵܹסġ
ҲǷɵˣʹĴ룬Ⱥ֮оʧ
ԭ⻪ţǽơ
ղŵʱɢѲļ룬̵ˣһ߳͢ĴҲֹסйǰ㡣
ԶԶģͿһɫĹ⻪ֱ㡣
Ҳ˲ˣֱӾͽԼ㡣
ԭƴ·һһŶ
ʱ˼ǽʨӣۡ
ֻⷨ˰֮Уһ⻪ֱӵľȥ
ҲҿƵϣǷҲʱű㵲סһ֡
һµԣ֮һӣǼ۾䵽С
Ȼ󾭳ܸϽ·ΪҲ£ղû·ֻ£Եô硣
·Ľƣǰһס㣬֮һ䵽˴ĺ󷽡
ôʱ䣬ĴǿʼĺˣԶĳ͢ȻƴԷܵͣҲûжİ취
ֻĿĴ˻˼ϳǡ
ڸ̨֮ϵȫˣһƬࡣ
ԭȵļƻйҪȫûɱ㣬ҲҪɹ¼ҹˡ
ڵĽǣȻˣĴȴȻ
һ³͢Ǻȫ˺ˣ¾һսˡ
Ҫǳ͢ʤ˻ãȻһнݣҪǳ͢ˣͿЯʤֱ֮ƾǣֲþͻг͢Σա
üһ룬ȻһױＸ֮󣬻˻֣Ͻȥ¶
ױҵ뿪˵㽫̨֮ܿľʧ
ʱҲ˽̨˱˵㽫̨ϡ
˧ô죿òö
˵ھܺˣֻƴǰ
˵֮Ҳٹˣ±˼
ĴĴսĿʼ͵
ǱЩԥʿǣ⼤ҵĹҲ˴˧˼ǿʼǰ
ãĴѾȫ˻˼ϳУڽƵָ֮£ȫϳǷء
һҵĹսǱˡ
һȻ˵ǴڽڼϳǳǸǽټûйǵеֻϸǡ
ʧǳĲء
ǼʹߵҲûһ˿һҪ˵˼ڲͣĴߴٵʿǰ
ȥûж೤ʱ䣬˾ͻʧһͣʱ֧ӾҲȥˡ
ʱԶİ̵ĽҲʼӣȻӵϳǶ
ԭղɳʹרСϢġ
ϣСܹӣȻ뵽ǵ֮УҪ㻹ûзӦ֮ǰ׽𣬾ܸԴϢ֮
СΪʧأѾʱս˼
ڽӵĴ֮뻹˵öԣҪ˴Ϣ֮ǾһҲһǶԷĶ֡
Сپ֮󣬼뵽˹ǵĶ֮С
һ¼ʮϳŵΧסȻĹ
ǰһʱʱ򣬽Ϊ˷̵͹شʩ÷ǳĺã˹ľʯ֮ߡ
ټĴļ룬سǻܹ쵽ġ
βҵĹսһֱ˰ֱȫɫ֮˫Űձ
ڳͷһֱսĽƼзȥˣһ
һؿա
Ҫ㵱ϣϾҪȫ˻ؼϳУѲȫûΣա
Ϊ˻ؼϳǣǻصǾӪ֮Уǵ޾ĴССդƵӪկ浲ס
ϳǾ͸˵ˣΪڽڳǵʱѾһϳп˵ǳĿ飬ҪǱԷһϾͻ䡣
ڳͷ֮ϴһʱ䣬Էȷʵûٽ˼ˣйԽڳͷ֮ϷأöԷ˿ɳ֮
ź÷֮󣬽˳¥Ҵҵֱȥ
ڵ㡣
ȵصڣӭѾݺ
๫ôˣȲʵ
˷ģүѾѹЩڷϢ
һȻֱԷȥ
ݣͿڴϣƽȡ
ǽƷĽŲԡ
ѾݺϽһշ˴ߣý¡
ƿ˯㣬۵̧
һμʱǸʱһС۵Ĺ
ǸʱȻûʲôȨƺǮƣǵҲңڣԵ˯ȡ
ʱƣԽԽߣҹð
رǶӳ֮Ǳһ棬ʼ¾
֪ӴһƬɽ
Խ룬ƾԽ㣬ҪŶɽֵ˼
ܿѹѾ뵽֮УѾû·ˡ
ɽ֣ȵĳµĳ͢ȶ£һŹˡ
˽̾һ֣Լ˵
Ƿģȵʱұţ㡣
ǱţֻҪڲҾС
Žƾ͸оһ㡣
ơһͲȥ
ȵϣߺæ壬̧ͷſ۾΢ЦĿ


609 
ڶ죬ľŽڳ¥תһȦ
Ϊ˴ҶЩ˶㵱ĹǣҪǼڴţ»Ĳȡ
ȻЩתһȦ֮ϵľƽЩҲ¶˷ɵЦݡ
ȵ糿ðս㽫λҵս
±ߵ˶ûʲô⣬ΨһҲǾݳأϴ䡣
˧λ֮ϣ±ߵۣҲüȻץץԼͷ
ʱ±СǰߵоѾʼжӣ๤еҪǿϳǡ
֮ҳһæ˳ͷ
ڳͷ֮ϣִ¹
ȻֻһһʿųһСķ飬ЩСǰǸֵĹе
м䣬һľͷɵĸ̨ϱߣˣһȻһǰ̽СһŶĴͽ
ڸ̨֮ϣһŲ裬һ߿Ŷĳ͡
εĹսǻǷǳаյġ
ر²һԼİ㣬˲𣬶һʿȣһóûһ¼ϳǡ
һϣվԱߵȡһ죬Ȼڽ̨֮ҡҡ
ҡʼǰϳǱȥ
ڳ¥֮Ͽ龰Ҳ˼£ȻԼЩˣǶľʵ̫ˣҪƴԼµʿ治һֵܹס
ԼĻȥʩչͨˡ
뵽֮ӻȡ˿
֮ⱦ˵죬õˡ
ǿĻĲһ£ڻӦ㡣
΢΢һЦ
żڻֵʱ򡣡
ʱվԵĽǰһ˵๫صģȥʩչͨҪЩһѵ
תͷһȻ΢΢һЦ
ͨȻСǶ޾ľɱǳķûմȾЩˣͻᱻƣʱɣ˺С
֮ɫͱ࣬ȷʵ
˫ٻֱԾӣΪ֮ɱֻ֮ڣʲôᱻɢ
㿴˿˵ֻ֮£Ǳá
˵仰֮ƻһ㣬̾һǴžʹӽƻƮһ졣
һⲻԵģԼ͸ԭȵİ̽Ǽ졣
ûԵãʱĸıһĹ
Ƹ죬¶һ˿΢ЦȻ˿±߻ڱƽЩʿǣ˵ס
㽻ƣתͷ˵
оҵȲɵģǸرȫسǡ
ЩĻ֮󣬸Թ֮ת뿪ǰԼصȥˡ
ʱߵĴѾ˳ǽ£һ֮ء
ͻȻһţǺЩʿʼٵǰʿ֮ĹҲʼżʼǰʿṩ֧Ԯ
ڳ¥ϵ΢΢һЦԱߵĽʹ˸ɫ
ǽƻһЦ֮󣬾˻ص˳¥֮ڡ
һڳ¥֮һĺڵĹââܿʼ͵ɢ
âɢķʼˣ֮ڣֻԷܹڡ
ԶСҲ龰͵Ĵλվ֮󣬽ĶԶؿǳĴ
ʱҲĶԶţɫҲ÷ǳĲÿ
龰ԭڽʱҲΣÿһγ֣ᱻֵûͷ
龰ʲô취
ΪСǰ̵ĽӦ̵֪һЩӦзİ취
Сûʲô취
ⶫǵĸ͸ģȷʵǳҵֻһͨСͽܣܼõİ
⻰˼˵ȫûа취ʲôͨϿʩչɡ
֮Ҳ̾һվߵ˧̨ı߽ǣԶԶĿǻڲͣɢĺڻɫ
ⱦǳһһʱû취㲻صģһҲܹ
ʲôˣСʵ
û˵Աŵʹ˸ɫ
һüվȥˡ
˽̨صӪУתתһͨСǰ
վΣȭ˵
߾ʹһϸ
²ؿ˵
Ÿ֮ڡ
֮ڹ߻ǱȽϰģмһ̫ģˡ
һϳ̫಻ˣ˳»ʵԵ̫ࡣ
û뵽һس͢ôӣȻҲ˳
Ҳûа취飬㻯Щȫѹɽ£ĵɸ˼Ѿûˡ
־ٴȻ˵͢˺ܴѹǵڣ͢Ҫᣬټĵɸ˵ʱҲûа취ˡ
Ϊ˶Ը˲òɳǵɱﵣ̫͵ǰ
˴ʣվ̫Աߣ˵õǼ죬Ǻ½ҪʹʲôƵģϴǰȥ
̫֮̾һվһߣһ˵û뵽¼棬ǰǵˡ
ɲһػ̫һ̨֮ϡ
վ̨ϵ˼̫ˣϽվվӭӡ
ֻ̫˵˵ͷߵ˽̨м䣬ִԶۿ
ֻǻɫѾŵ˼£ϳԼذΧ
֮ǹ񺿣һĻ߲ͣĴ
ЩѾʼǵʿսսһѪѾĲˡ
ѪǵĵҲûˣһ޾ɡ
¥ϵЩصȴӣǺܵʲôͨ죬ɫ
̫໺شӻȡһɫĶ
ɫľԼУȻдʣͻȻ֮ӱһĪϢ֡
ڲ¥֮ϵ㣬Ϣֵһ˲̧ͷɫ
ܿľַ
ԭϢԵģǴܳ
ܹ֮·ɣΪоϢ˥ǳھֶ
ԼڵǹҲǿ˶١
̫࿴ӿԼԵǹ̾һڴܳǿʢʱ򣬾ƾܽķȫĴݻ٣ڷ֮£ʩ˿Ҳк³
ҲֻµʿǷӰˡ


610 ˺Ƥ
ֻ̫֣֮ϵһ£Ȼһӡ
̾ͿʼɢǰʿӶȥ
ЩմȾʿһ˲͸о̥һղη֮ȫûˡ
ԷЩ»ҰЩʿʱҲǷǳ²ҽ
ڳ¥ϵ΢΢һЦеĿһӡ
⿽̾ͷųһḷ֮́ڹЮħ֡
Щֿɺ͸ղ±ǷĹ»Ұͬ
Ƕ㳤ʱռÿһǹľ硣
ƽʱǴ죬ҲԳΣοڽʩչ˷һƬķȫĺЩ
Щһ֣±Ѫ⣬һצҪȥһ١
ûǻȥｹĵȴ
±ߵЩоʿָָЩϾʲô˼ˡ
͵˺±ȥ
ЩǵʿǣûЩַĹ֣ΪԭȵЩ»ҰһһϵϢϾͻɢ
ʵĽȴŵľս
ֻһŮһ׳ʿʿͱŮ˵ǰ͸оԼѪʼٵɢ
ûмĹʿͱһƤá
⻹ǺõģһȫʬħֿûŮ˹ġ
ֻЩ֣еֱץסʿֻ꼸Ѫ磬ʿͱĻˡ
Щֵļ빥һʿʿʼٵĵ䣬ţǺսģû˵Ҫ͹ѽ
̾ûˡ
ʣµʿҲʲôˣһµĶʼɿԼӪһ߿񱼡
ǼʹЩҲûзŹǣֻһ̣ͣЩȺ֮˸ÿһζһʿ
ʹЩʿҲûһͷЩǲģֻűԼԵĻܵÿһЩǵĻܹЩֵٶȡ
Һ˻
Щħֻ׷˷ıԵûм׷
Զ̨ϵ̫̾һȻվ
ķҪǲⷨ󣬿ҲƼϳǣֻһˣס㣬ʱټ¡
̫ո˵仰ԱߵСǰһסҪ뿪
ǰڶľ֮УͨҰԭȵʥĸҲУ¾ס㣬Ҳڴ޲
̫仰΢΢һЦȻ˵ǽǼģȻͨСҲɵǲصģѾ˵ʱҲܲסϡ
С̫ĻüͷɲŽƣֻɵΪͨʱĽӴΪǽҲǵɳס
СɲҺ̫磬ǣֻǿ˿Աߵ
СԮ񣬱֪ʲô˼ˣʱҲǽƣȻûм֣ϵȴԭȴΪͬ
òվ̫˵ڣɴ⣬ҿǽƷѾǰͬˡ
̫Щˣ۾һӻȡһƿݸԱߵС
ƿһöҩһã̾ܳΪɵһҲס㣬Ըơ
С⻰۾ƿ¶һ˿̰ܿѹüͷ
ɲţⵤҩܹô׾ٵ˳ɾ͵ɡ
ҲӴƿ۾̫ʵǰⵤҩʲô˵𣿡
̫Сûм֣ɫЩÿĵ˵
ⵤҩȻܹʱĳɾ͵ɣҩҲֻʱʱһ̾ȫϡ
СɫøӲÿˣ̫ʲô˼ԼҩѵҪӲţ
СɫĶ̫˵öҩ¿ûǸãðɡ
⻰ϽǰһҪ⡣
ûпԣָ̫סˣȻ̫࿴С˵
ЩǽΪϤҲֻܹԸ
˵̫̾һ˿Աߵ˵֮ǰѾͻˣȵһι֮󣬾ȢΪޡ
СɫѾӵѿˡ
Է˼ǳԣ£ԼȫΪ͢ѽ
Լʲô˫𣿶ڿԷѾԼ˿п޵һˡ
СȻҪͳ͢Ϲͬ㣬ǻûе˽Լһȫ׸͢ĵز
Сһȥ
ǰ⻰ˣֻѰˣûл㻹ûʸƿҵδ
̫۾ĶСɫеĴƿ·ŵС
ȻԸ⣬Ǿˡ
˵仰̫֮תһԵ֡
Ͻǰһ̫ԡ
̫ͷĶߣ˵˵˼䡣
֮ɫķɣȻųЦݡ
ڷģҶˡ
̫˵ͷ֮ҲСһ̤˿Уξͻһ˼ϳǵϿա
ˣβһ
ʵ̫໯еʱ͸оϢ
ڼԣҲǰһ˸̫Ķ档
̫ӵˣ΢΢һЦȻ˵ʦ
һЦ
Ϊ͢ɱû뵽Ȼ䵽ⲽأ͢ȻҪҡ
̫ϴЦݣں˵
ʦͨ󣬻ϼɵҲʦȨȻżҾǰǣʱȻٻòαزЩ£
ǰǸСҲӦԼ֧ߣԼӼҾ졣
Ҳ޷ӦҪġ
˵Լû¶⣬ԷѾ˺ȻҲûʲô˵ġ
㲻ڴ˺ֻ㣬Ϊ̣͢͢Ϊʲôϱǰң
̫Ѿ˵Ҳûʲôɻشˡ
ʦĻûʲô˵ģȻֵ¼°ɡ
̫˵֮̾ʧ
һü̾ͽԼʶʼųȥҪ̫ķλ
һɾЩͷۣΪĸо֮У̫Ȳάռ䣬ҲǴάǴһ֪Ŀռ֮УȻһɹϢȴȫ׽Ӱ
һĹ̫ͻȻĳ󣬽һ廨ֱͷ­
廨ǳģһβԼ˵һСĽ
ֻǰһһѾ˼ʮɿ⡣
ͨѾˡ


611 ܵ
һγ֮̾Ϳʼά
ֻıģžʧάռ䣬άʱ֮С
֮㿪ʼĲŪ
ֻһĹǰһһ㣬ĲŪ
ŷı仯άռеǸ̫࣬Ҳ޷ٿԼͨ
òֳΣ̧ͷһ˫άռпȥ
ֻϴһ˿΢ЦڲͣĲŪ򣬶ⷨĲ̫͸оԼԵĹı仯
ǱʱյھȻ޷ԡ
Բ׵Ŀռ֮ڣȻһħ
Ļڴķ꣬ʱԼһˡ
̫ಢûеģֻ΢΢һЦҲʼģųάռ֮С
̫һһʧ
Ѿ֪̫ĳ֣ûеģֻϴЦݼĲ
ŷı仯ܵĹʼõ
һƬƬããܣȻʼӡ
ʱ̫һĲ󷽣ոյĳ־ͱǰãã֡
Щͺʶһʼ͵̫һۼ
̫͸оһɹϢͣԼ֮ȥ
ЩǴĳֵķһͿʼͬڵеķ
̫һ¿ɾ鷳ˣæٴʩչͨҪ˳һƬ
ǣͨȴûгɹôζ޷ƶ벽
̫һ֪רʩչķҪסԼ
ͬʱһԤС
ϣȻҲǵ֮ǷҪࡣ
ŴɵͨҲܹ࿹⡣
ͨڱˣôĿɾ֮ˡ
̫ףΪʲôܹͼʮλ࿹⣬ȫѹˡ
ƾͨһ˻治Ƕ֡
ȻôûбҪˣǸϿ뿪Ժ취Ҳ١
뵽̫֮ҲپˣȫĿʼʩչͨҪάռ䡣
ĺãķչȴԤϡ
ΪһʩչͨŷԼڵķѾסˣôЩͺǳˮһƲһ˿Ĳ
Զ㿴̫ѾԼ֮¶Цݡ
Ʈ̫ʮ⣬΢΢Ц˵
ǰˣͶʱ
̫࿴ӣҲ
ʦȻֶΣȵնɴȺҲֺˡ
֮Ҳ
ұλնɴȺɲԶˣôҲƳüˡʵۡأƴƴΪ͢Ҫ͢ˡ
˵ЩϻˣҪۼô죿
ͷһ£֮̾һ
ǰǿʵǲܹģֻǰͶ̥תˡ
˵仰ֻ̧֣֣֮Ѿһŵĵ⡣
̫龰֪ãǷǳ׷ҪԼ¶׵Ĺ֮£һûС
̶̵һ˲䣬̫Ĵ֮Ƿתܿģһһĵİ취
ֻͻȻ̧֣Լ۾Ϳȥ
Ѫ֣̫۾Ѿ
̫üͷûһ£ͻȻһ̽Լס֮󣬷Լǰʼ
飬ϼ档ŵػŹ·ϵ£̫Ԫɷʹߣꡣɢңǰ񡣼
žʹ̫֮һ⻪⻪֮аһӤСꡣ
ⲻԵģ̫ԼзֳһƲлꡣ
ֻƲлֻ꣬һ֮ϡ
Ķһ£žͿʼٵķ仯ûмѾһ̫һģһΡ
Զ΢Ц̫ʩҪ;ĩ·̫໹ʲôܹѣ
ʱƣЦݲˡ
ԭʵһֱڸӦ̫ࡣ
ȴоǰˣѾϢһģһ
Լֲ壬ĸĸǼ١
ˣѾһ˿ڣղʩʱԼͲӦôӦøϽ׷ȡ
˵ʲôûˣֻһ̧֣ΪǸ̫ȥˡ
һʩǳ˳һʹǸ˵ϣǸ˺ܿͱǴض
ǽʧǸ˵Ӱһαʵ
üͷ壬ǰⷨûпеĶߡ
̫΢΢һЦһ㹰֮˵
ʦ¾һʦˡ
˵֮һģһ̫ͿʼٵĽάҪ»صάռ䡣
ֻ͹һ仯Ӱʼٵı任棬ǰɫھȻ޷סǡ
ɫмһλ㼯һڵס۹⡣
ʶǳǿڼȻ۾ˣôȻҪʶ۲졣
ʶɫһ̽ͷǰ̫ѾһˣһѾӰˡ
ŭǳֻеһһˮͰϸİӴĵͻǸס̫ϡ
̫౻У̾ͿʼͣĻζйɵĻζЩ羹Ȼһķֽ⡣
һؿȫǳľ޴Ȼ̫໯һЩǵȻӴӿ뵽ľ֮С
һһŵĻʹ̫֮ð˳ţ̫ҽжͻ˻ҽ
Զ˻ӡ
ЩɫһͿʼɢȥֳ˱мŻҽ
һŻҽ䵽ǰָ˵
ǻҽܵʲôǣһʼɢȥֳмһֹǡ
㿴ֹɫࡣ
Լһؿȫ׼Ϊһס̫࣬û뵽öԷˡ
̫ı֪εͨͷһš
ҲûаգһͻȻʱܲס̫ࡣ
ˣҲûʲôˣֻǱֹȥ
ֹǾͱ˷ĩ
һεһ֣ЩɷĩֹǹǷ۴µĻ㼯һţС
ⶫ㻹ôһؾǳǸ̫࣬ʱҲⶫʩչʤ֮Ҫһ̫࣬ܲܵеùλͨ
οʼγܿľ»صά֮ڡ


612 ʧ
صάռ֮۾һоһ
ԭʱǰѾ˴ս
һȴǳ͢Ͱ̵͹һȴڷ״̬ұǽڽڰˡ
Ӧѽ
ԼȻڣǽȻִܹ֣ô᷸ĴԼľ뱻
뵽۹ͶԼӵһھûзֽƣָսʦöѾ
ɫЩÿ
ؼʱȥʲôط
Ҳ˲ýˣȴ˵˵
뵽֮ξһʯһ׹ȥ
ЩѾɱ۵˫ʿĵûע⵽
һڵ˵֮ڣ̾ͰԼеĵоȫ
ĵҲˣָǸᵶǹ۾һӿ
΢΢һЦȻҿʼԼԺеö䡣
Ϳʼٵ
ֻգۼĹѾ˼ʮɵľˡ
Ϳʼڵ˵ľ֮ƻ
ЩʿǶ已̥ﾭסʮɵľ˵Ĺ
գۼĹ򣬱ʬҰѪɺӡ
ԶڹսСɫѾࡣ
Ϊڹȫ̵ĽͽЩ͢Ĵһ˾ˣѾԶԶ˿ˡ
ʵҲԹó͢Ĵ
һСڳ֮ǰѾʩչ˷˷䡣
Щ̵ʿһȫѷ֮󣬷ˮһ
ЩʿȻһη
ⷨҲһõĵطǾʿǼѾѪɱ۾Ͳ֪ǿ
ڵǣȻ˵ʿǰڷǺߵҲ֪ˣȻ߷ƴĳ档
͢Ǳߵʿɾûˣһǰһգ۾ɱһƬˣֵܹסģľѾӿˡ
վСԱߵ΢΢һЦȻ˵
ֻҪٹһʱ̣϶Ȼѹ㡣
СݺݵĵԱߵһۡ
ñҲˣ̫ˣҲĶ֡
ǺǺǣˣҳϣҲ㡣
˵ʱ¶һ˿Ƶóѵ΢Ц
СҲ뵽ʲôȻԶ
ڸղάռսʱͻȻ֮ǰһӡ
һǰͶŽ˵㻹ǵ𣿡
˵仰֮󣬱뿪ˡ
ǽҲ֪ʲôа仰㲻ܲ˵׷ȥ
СҲǳᷢϮ
ʹһûд֣ڽڰˡ
ʹʦöѾӹ˴ָȨǶѾıĲо̵ǿϣһʧء
С»عȻǰɱɱ㣬ȴʵ
ѵǸǰŵģ
΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻ˵˵Ҳֻ֪϶ľѣݷǳء
Сһ£Ȼ۾
˵ʱ䣬սַ˱仯
ļ룬һ߱ƣھȻԷķ
͢ͰһѾɢңЩֵס
С̾һԱߵ˵ʲô취ϿʩչĻ´Ҫˡ
ǰͣܶӵļӣüͷҲؿԼбǽʧĵط
϶ôûϢҪٲϿĻʱˡ
յʱԶ˼Ӱ
һϾ͸ԭⲻˣ̫һˡ
Ѿˡ뵽ʱһ
̫˼䣬»صö档
Ҳע⵽ˣͣ˽Ų̧ͷǰˣ·㲻ߣ㴳һҲ㣬û뵽Ͷ
˵仰֮Ӵ͵һ˰֮Уֱ۾ɽһ̫ȥ
ֻ̫˵һ仰ͿʼҲЩľ
ԵǸȴİ̧оγһ͵Ʈȥ֮󣬻һ޴İơ
޴ƾڰзײ
ֻͣһͣûиоʲô
ǰɫɵȴһ˲䱻ɢˣ±ߵǸҲ͵һѪ
ͬʱ˵Ҳ¶˺Ȼ֮ɫû뵽ǰ˾Ȼ
е̧˾޽ţ˲ȥ
̫ϽţԱһ£ŶĹ̫űɾ˵㣬غȵ
ʦ㻹ҪҪķˣ
仰Ҳͣ˹֮һΣ±˵ĴС
ڵѾ˲õԤС
ղžûзֽƵӰӣѵǽƱסˣ
ӦѽҪ֪ͨҲСҲǵɵĵ
ο̫ղźԼάռսܺͽƶԵеҲˡ
˵ֶΣղһ£ͲǽƵĶ֡
ƾסƣֱǳ롣
㿴̫֮䣬Ҳ½ۡ
Ǹ̫ӵͨ¶һ˿Цݡ
ȻӢѹ˹ء
ʲôط
ʦ㲻żֻҪ˳͢ҵȻԲ
㿴ǰ۾ƽϢһԼ֮ĶԶ˵
ҿΡ
˵仰֮ӻоȡ˷ͷΣһס
ǷͷξͻһˣֱӾ̫ȥ
̫֪ͷεԼŻҲҵһԶȥ
Ǹ˼̫Ҳɣ׷̫ȥ
Ŀ˵Ӱ¶һ˿Ц
ӻȡһ䡣
֮дʣȻǷǰ޻ȻʧΣʱоһ
ǰһΣԺ֮оֳһ㡣
֪ǽƵķ
ִ֮ӻȡһ⡣
ⱦǰһʱõ֮󣬱СĵضѾõķ
Ĵһ̿ʼģ֮οʼŤһͻһССֱ֮ϡ
һץǵεĹУ֮ǸСͷһ
С̾˼ֱۣ֮һ̹⣬Զȥ
Сʧ֮˳̫ʧķ׷ȥ
ĿĲҪץסֻ̫࣬ʩչͨסˣʹǲǰȥԮ
Ҳãйȳơ


613 ħ
̫ǰ漲ۣǸ˽׷ᡣ
һ̫˻࿴˿¶ЦݣȻͻȻͣ½Ųһ
ʱҲ׷ǰֻ͵һſڣһ˳ȥ
̫ɫص̧֣͵һơ
ķͻһɫӿ
ȻƮƮģʵٶȷǳĿ죬ֻգۼĹ򣬾̫ǰһɫϡ
ʱĻҲѾˣһ
ֻһ̣žɫʼѸٵģôǵס˻Ļ档
վ̫ԵǸˣʱԼ֣֮ǻ˸ץȥ
ڿеĻͻȻ֮䱻˿У֮󣬾һεʼǣŻˣǸ˻ƶ
ʱ׷ǰ
ֻ͵һԼıǰѱ̾ʶ֮󻯳һ磬ֱǸˡ
źĿ˻һֶֻ̧ۣŷıһ¡
ǰķɽôһ㣬̾Ͷ˿Уô
Ǹ̫һʧ˰֮С
¶һ˿Ц
ѵΪƾǵ㱾¾סԼҪǵ֪֪죬ˡ
뵽֮һڰеĻ̵Ŀʼ͵֮ɢĻ棬ǻ濪ʼ˸Ŀ
ֻһ˲ǻ֮оһ̫һֳӰӡ
ʩչ̫ͨķӰǳĴ
̫ಢ٣Ǵӻȡһ廨롣
֮廨һʧΣ֮󣬳˻˵ͷ϶ǻһ˸š
һ»˿еˣֻ͵Ŀʼ֮ϵĻ濪ʼѸٵ͡
˵ҲʧڰֻһͷƮš
Ƴһ۷ͷΣ͵̧֣Զ˴һף֮һ˲˷ͷεԣһ̣½̻˻С
һͷβˣҪһʱļ»ǻˡ
ʱ˻˵廨룬һӰΡ
ЦЦֹ̫ʶüˣ˲ǵġ
ֻӻȡľ֮һоٲ⣬һֿдʡ
巽ʹ飬Ƽ̳ԾΪǲȥа뷡
еľ⿪ʼų˹⻪ǹ⻪磬ֻһЩ̾ͱŷӡ
֮е̫ˣû뵽㻹һ֣̾ͱС
̫Ȼͨ󣬵ĹҪϣҪ˵ķͨЩɸ˻ҪһЩ
һر׷У̾Ͱڵķɢˡ
һվȾ͵˵ϣвͣѪ
Ǹ˾ͺ࣬Ȼ׷УֻһģϾͻָֻܻһ£̾һǽԡ
Щڹǽ֮ϣһĲ޹
ӣ˱Ǹ̫ҪǿһЩ
̫ˣҲͲٹעǰ۾Ķˣʵ
㵽ʲôˣ
˿ǰ㣬üͷ塣
Ȼ֪ȴû뵽ǰʦȻѲ
۾һתϾ¶Цݡ
ǽƵķʦӿɲ˽ΪƳ֮Źơ
һ仰Ѿʬʲôˣֻɫһ£Ͼͻָ
Сһòҵǰˣѵ㲻֪ôд
ҡҡͷε˵㲻ҲûϵѾͬһɽˡ
㲢ûб仰Ȼ˵ʵһֱϵԶСϡ
ʱųСһɽ֮ڣɽ֮һֵļ̳̳ϰŵǽơ
С龰æһ۾˹ȥ֮һɫĹâʹ
סƵļ̳âֻ֮Ļζһ£㰲Ȼ
Ǹ̳֮ϣʹһ
ԽԽڰ֮оȻγһУ֮֮һֻצԶСץȥ
СҲʾֻǻһ̾Ϳʼþ޴ޱȣ֮ҲһֻצӣĲ֪ľצһ
ͱȥʮɡ
зһµȶΣҡҡԴûʲô˺
еľҲ˻ȥ֮оʹһʼڼ̳֮ϵĽơ
ǸҲ֪СǣҪϽܵļƷ¸Ͽ
Сɲôǵģֻçһܾ˼̳Ͽ֮һɫĹ⻪
⻪һ磬ֱӾʹǸС
Ҳ֪ͨʲôطһ֮߾ʹһҵĺ֮
žһŭ𣬴ߴ˳ȻǸ͵һš
֮һֻצ˳
һצ沼˸ֵƬ˸ŻڻϵϢ
צһռ䣬ǿռеķҲ˾ҵĲ
һķγʼǸצӷȥҪڰ֮С
ȻôķǸצӲûֹͣǼץȥ
ɵںɵһôֱ㶵ͣڰ֮УۿžҪצץС
Σʱ̣ڵĶάռ֮Уһ⻪һ¡
ǵһ̳Ͽգ̾ʼֻۣգۼĹγһࡣ
ǱҪץסСľצڹӰһֹ֮̾ͣ󣬿ʼȥ
ǹȻֻһӰ񣬵ĳȴܱķ
ЩֻǱܵĽǸצӣڹˣǺһʼҵĲ
ЩʼĲǸеצܵԽԽȻı˰֮С
֮һ֮צӵķҲʼı顣
ֻĿһУۿǸצӾҪ»ɣȴڿڿдʡ
һĲʲô䣬İ۶ľ
۶ľΪ֮ס
ǻۣڸаħ
ڸɹеķ
ʼҫƬأ͸У쵽һ硣
Źа۶ľԽԽҲԽԽ󣬺Ҫѹסӡ


614 С
ͨڵǹڿʼԽԽ
ߵǹķȴȻǰȻڰ֮УŰ۶ľ
ʱƣͨڵǹԽԽѾЩֲסˡ
ķ¶һ˿Цݣֻ֣ضͨһ¡
ɺɫתɵͨھȻĹ
ԽԽʢͨͨ·
˴ʱֻǶһͷ֮ʾһ½ƣ֮һͨͨ
ֻǾǰһȵٴγֵʱֻǰʢ
ﲢڵɣǹճء
аħľõ֡
Ǹһֱ͹ݵĹҲףԭһͷɫ롣
ڱ֣ΡΡſͲκεĶ
Ҳֲңʵǹλ̫ߡ
˵ɲԵˣں磬λҲԺûгɷĴƥС
ͨһССܹģ
˿ſ㲻ٹǼһԶƮȥ
ԭڲԶһϱڲԫ
洦üͷ塣
ԭطģǳӴһӴĹȺ
ӣԭҲƽҲɵĵ
֮ԹôĿ϶ΪڹУʹϱڲԫҲ̺һ
ôʱȻù⽨Ⱥ֮ڣɲͨĵܹ쵽ģҲҪɵľ磬ȻȻ֮γȺ
ԭҲ˲õĻҲܿٳһƬСռ䣬޽ôӴĽȺ
ǵʲôԭ򣬾ȻĴˡ
ڹ˼ʱǸҲСԣſڹǰÿͰ͵
бۿ˿롣
տʼʱ׶ôڱСèˣ
ԭҲͨǵģԴƬյСڣһ˶
Ҫǣͨǲ
ôһڹ¼֮У붼ˡ
ճʱ͵õǻϣʶ֮ǰ֪ʶܹʱ˯ĻڹǰͲǵˣһûǵķޡ
һ£ǰһߵǰ֣֮ͷϡ
žʹӹ֮ðһĽ⣬Щ⿪ʼ˳ŹֱԺ֮͸
տʼǾòܣҡҡԴҪѹƣܿ
ǹ͸ԽԽտʼףҲʼð
ÿʱڹǰѾһСè䣬ĴԴͣĲŹ䡣
һع΢΢ЦЦһ㲻
Ҫ֪ͨһǳţƵ
ֻйڳΪʱ̫ˣȵɾ͵ʱѾûЩ׽ˡ
һأԲˡ
ǹһıϡ
Ź˿Ƭռ䣬΢΢һЦ
֮һ֣һ⣬⹬Ⱥķϡ
֮һԴ̾ͷԭȵǴԡ
Ҳǰˡ
ԭ⴦ռͨصΨһͨԴ֮ǧټƵҪȥÿһζܵͨų⣬еĿͲҪ˵ˡ
ΪҲˡ
ƽʱֻڱٻߵṩķ֧ţǿܹʹʱ򣬲һֻֻǰȥ͸͸
Ĺ˼ɣԴȻ˵
صģǰбǡ
˹ĻĹǣǽŲƣŹͨȥ
ոһӽգͨͷ˱仯һɫ粻ͣ¡
Ǵ˸£Ŀˣɲ뷴ڣֻҧӲͷƤǰ
ϱߵĹͷܼϮֻ΢΢һЦȻϾʹŹ
Ĺ֮лһŵĻ棬γ˱⡣
ЩӰ磬һӴЩ͹̾ѱû£ڹγһɵĹ֡
Ŵ֮ͨھͷɹһ⣬һӡ
ڹе⣬һɫĹƬ
ָһƬⶫô
ԭƬƬռŦֻƿƬܹƿСռ䣬ΪСռ
û뿪ͨüͷһ¡
ԭȿСռ˵ʲôĴܣȻͨ
Ƿں磬˵ͨҲСˣԳΪˡ
˾ȻҲˡ
ùһЩɵѵʲô֪İ
ܿľͽЩˣΪдš
ϱ߻Լӡ
ټǼλ޽ɵѹͲϻܺǿ
֮󣬹Ƭ˻һģԴ
ϵľͽƣƮȥ
ȵߣڼ̳֮ϱŵĽƣϲûκεı顣
ΪڹǰŮӰסΪĻƾĻԼˣͳɾˡ
˵ʲôѾˡ
ǹֶͨһӣ֮ͨ̾УҲҲˡ
֮ٴ֣Žһ㡣
ǽ̾ʹӻ˯֮˹
ѹĽԲ֪ԼʲôطֻǸоԼ
һ½ƿЩˡ
ֻͣҡԼ壬ҪϵôʩչͨŵҲ˿
ڽѾʱŸо֮һ۾һֱڶ
̧ͷϹƣֻڰ֮һ͵룬뱳ŵǹ
ﻹףԼ˰㣬ǰȡ
ǽƼæ
޹ȴ󱯣ӦŮĥѣӡ
ڰеĹ۾һ£ֶŽƵһ¡
ŽƵȻԶ˽ƵĽ¡
ɵĽҲ˲ңϽǰһڵأͣеĹл
ǹûиӦһͷ­
ͷ˹뷨ֻһνƣ֮һ˲ʧӰ


615 ѹ׵Ĺ
ڰ֮㣬ʵһֱڹעɽзһС
֪Ѿȫ֮һ֮󣬰۾Ķǰˡ
˲Թɫı²Сڷɫ÷֮Ҳһ
Ҫ֪һοǻ˴ǮʦŵؾеǸҲ˽֮
޵֪ǵɵĸˣֻҲ߲һغϡ
뵽֮һη飬ɲų㣬бܹȽơ
뵽ʱ۾һת
ξͻΪޡ
͵һüΪоԼƮһ۾
һʼɢ
ر˸еͷƤ飬һҪȥ
ãͨ󣬼ʹûùҲһ޵ķֵ롣
Ϊ˱㻹ǸϽԼһ䡣
ųһɫĹâЩһâ̾ͱųȥ
üһ£ӦǺ͸ղǸʲô
Ҳˣֻȡľ⣬ſ
һתأתɷûתת׻𾪣תתɽת޵ͷһʮֲΪ֮²ö
ľų֮һ˿˿СС硣
ľϣһ£Ǹľϵ磬㿪ʼŷֱܵȥ
ЩһӴε̾ͷˡ̡
һʼӿɢȥ
˵̵ľۣʼʧĵطա
ķ֮ڣɢŵ̹⣬̹кһ˿ɫڲͣߡ
ҲɫĶеʹǲɢΪΡ
ɫӦ˷Ĺؼˡ
һ£ӻȡ˿
ⱦڻĹȻĿá
һһԶеĺɫ壬ǷҲͬã
뵽ӶǿУ̾ɢһ򣬹ϵ
Ź֣Զ͵һ֮̾ͻָԭ״
һЦˡ
ȻԼûأͿʼɵȻá
ȻҾͲˡ
ӶеĹһԶȥ
һ¿ˣЩһӴɢĹ̾ͿʼΪΡ
һؿɲΣıɢˡ
ţ롣
֮ͿʼҵķһͿʼ͵мۣܿģʵһ׿⡣
֮һ󷭹ɢֳߵΡ
Ǹһγڵǰ
һȴǳǱкͱжͣѪϵ·ѾƵģһһˡ
Թ۹⿴㣬ҧгݺ޲ý̻
ҲˣԼֻǵһμ棬ôԼôĳޡ
ղԼ̫ԵУ̫಻ߣ˾Ȼ
öĳޣԼΣѽ
ȻΪѣǾͱȡ
㽫ڻУһνľ߸ߵ
巽ʹ飬Ƽ̳ԾΪǲȥа뷡
еľⱻⷨһ̾ͱ⡣
ڽ㽫ľ׼Զˡ
ǸҲоԼܵвֻ͵һǰһɫ
Щ֮Уһɫε
ЩɺĹﲻͬ
Ȼ飬߸ɽ׽
֮ط޳ͨ
ͨϿǵһʵЩĴڣʹɵӵɽһԡ
һ˵˵ǷˣǶķҲƲķ
ȻһųĵһӴ̾ͱڻˣȫ˼ҵ˲Ʒˡ
㿴龰üǰɱȸղʩչͨҪ֡
һķ⣬ûʲôˡ
ҲԿɫĲÿΪѾˡ
¶ԵõЦݡ
ţǰ⵭һģ㻯ޣµ뵽˿֮С
˶㿪ʼ
Ϻ죬ºڵأ޹⣬ڵţ֪ʮħʮ˲ааˣչ
˽׳һ䣬گһϣ̾ͷʵı仯
ֻڿ֮УһһɭŻĴ򿪡
ԶһУоһһԤУҪⷨˣԼΣա
Ҳеľ͵׵˿С
⣬Կã뷡
һľȫˡ
ʱ䵹֮оȻʼкƹں֮һ磬һͣĺ֡
ǶǸ˵ķҲѾ׼ˣֻϾҪֵŻߵΡ
ŻǻĴˣֻһɭĺ
ҺǰģЩһ
ֻĲľǱմȾ̾ͿήˣһϢͶ뵽֮С
˸еµǣں֮оȻһЩ׵Ĺˡ
Щ͵ظͳıɲһһ۾ûʲô־
ӿµЩֵĵط̾¶ȼ½
ұСֻ¶ȵ½Ҫ֪һĹﶼƾԼڵ˵еġ
ȻҲ˶ķ޷ıΧĻ
˵о䣬ΪѾȾŸо¶½ʵȻ¶Ȳûз仯
ЩȴܹƾɢϢıĻ
Ѿͨûʲôˡ
ԶѾϸ΢ı仯֪鲻ãȹǻϹѾ˲֪꣬ÿһǹˡ
һֻֻĻ㻹־ܽǴɢ
ôǱһ㼯һôͻʱ䡣
ڲٵˣҪȥЩȫĴŻгԼҲֻˡ
뵽֮һеľ⡣
еĺ֮У̾ţӵЩͻһʼ
ѾҲоϵвͬʱ̧ͷϿһۡ
֮ЩǾȻʼϰٸͻ㼯һ
ЩǽΧһܵĹԼЩĹ򣬾Ȼʼ
ЩĹҲʼ͵ȥǽһ


616 
˵Щ۳ĺԹе磬һ
Ĺз˼ҵײøĿռ䶼ʼŤ
˫˭ҲκβöԷֻͬʱ
Զ龰ֻ΢΢һü㲻ϡ
ǸȴȫͬҪ֪ѹ׵ı£۳ôĶȻҲֻǿֵԷ׷
ԼļӰѾˡ
Ҳȥˣذ׸ԼֱϾͿһ
һ֣Ѫ絽޵Ż֮ϡ
Ǳ뿪ŻѪһ̾Ϳʼҵ𶯣ߴһŭʲôһҪˡ
龰Ҳҵæٴ׷еľҲų˴ź֮е׵粻ͣ
֮⣬㻹ȡ˿Щ㼯һĹﲻͣĻӳ
ЩȻȻĿǡȫʩչ׷ټڿļ룬ǿЩмܲסˡ
ֻһĲҽ֮ԵһͱС
һһлãĻӶ
ǿеĹһһȺȥ
֮ЩӶı뿽֮Уļ٣ԵĹҲʼ
һţȥǼֲ˼Ӿͻᱻȫ
ʱǸѪõŻȫĳˣŴߴһ̶
Ϳ߳һСޡ
һ¡
ΪŻ߳ӦʲôȻû뵽ֻһߵޡ
ܿľȡ֮ģҪֵ֪УɲĴСǿġ
ȻǸС߳Żһ̶Ц
Ǹ˼СޣҲɫˡ
Ҳû뵽Ȼٻ
֮۾תתΧȥǱҲƲ֣Ҫˡ
ǣǸȴӵĻ飬ֻƳһۣһЦűڵʧȥӰٳֵʱѾ˵ԡ
˼龰֪ãǴӻȡһɫĶǶ͵ľǹȥ
һȺһĶһ۾Źһߡ
Ϊ׳ĶǶӦʲôȴϡ
ǶǶƮƮģûʲôͷɲȻô˵ϡ
Ǹ޿Ƕ֮󣬱ɭȻųһ͵Ĺâ
Ҳ֮ǸǶƮȥ
Ǹ˳ô˻ᣬһʧˡ
Ǹ޿ҲʧˣֻƮǸǶԣĽǶǶ˻У֮ϲ˲䡣
ɭӣ¶һ˿һЦݡ
Ƕ޷ǳҪҿʧȥܾˣµõǶȻĻ
ҲôǽЩ㼯һĹȫյ˿С
һ뻹㲻ôĿһ㣬ԺԵеʱֻҪЩȫųȥ¾ǵɵĸҲܡ
ǸٴλָѣǶǶСķԼĻУȻԶ㣬һЦȻһһȥ
֪ǰĹСԲҵеĽָһеľǣȥ
ǱӦǹݿǵ׷СޣȻȫ䣬Ͳϣǹ޵ܣһĲ
һЩˡ
СѵɾôЩ׷Сȫ
һУϵľС
̧۷һĵ㼯У֮ǰһ
֮һˮͰϸĵ⣬бŷֱǰС
ǸСڵǰĵ⣬㶼㣬ȻƵ
ˮͰֵĵһ
ֳûʲô貵ֻǵС֮ڡ
Զһüû뵽СȻѲ
ҽľ޷κΣСֻǽŵ֮ȡ˿
ԶСſͣ¶˾֮ɫ
һ龰ɫͺ
Ȼһｵһ±ˮ㶹
ľмѾ˼̨ףҪ˵ſҪǿࡣ
ǣľ⾹ȻСûκεİ취ϣĿСɵ
Ȼ˿һİ취ôҲˣֻӶ
һĹʹӿзųΧǸС
֮еСҲͣµĽŲþ۹⿴ܵĹ
΢΢һЦһλһ¿ܵĹ͵ؾݡ
ǸСЩһӴͷĽ
Сֹͣ˽кΪЩȻסΣǶȴûκε˺
ԶҲһ㶣ΪӦЩСǣţ뿽֮С
ֳʲô
ЩȻСȴҲ޷ǣС
ǸСҲһ㡣
¶˲̵Цݡ
ſĿ͵һܵĹ򣬺ܵʲôǣȻ뵽С֮ڡ
һ⻹˵ãæٴλӶǿеĹɵķͣǸСϡ
ǽôЩһСͺ鳲һ뵽֮ڣСûκε˺
վС¶һ˿ЦݣڿĿѾûκεľˡ
֪ǸΪʲôɵСˡ
ԭСϵͨȻܹκεķֻҪǰʩչһ飬˺СܱСӡ
̾˿Ҳŵ˻С
ȻмǿСʲôˡ
ֻƾ豾ķСˡ
뵽СշĹڵǽ̤
㲽һĹʼ֡
㿴ʱˣæؿ
ǧ磬аҳзɨǧаʴͭնǿ˲ߣӹ׻ǰʦӵߣѺɽȥ󣬻ܣ̫Ͼ뷡
һ̵̫ʦ
һ콫ҺӦܹ˵С
һȱ㣬Ȼ󣬵Ҫ붯񽫣˲ħֵĻҪܵoĳͷ
֮ʮo
Щoһ۹⣬͸λ棬㸽
ǸСҲоʲô̧ͷ۾еգ֮¶˺µɫ


617 շ
ԶСɫ֪һԼǶĶˡ
ٽʼԼͨ졣
޾γʮʱͻȻʼŷ
ֻĸһŤžһõӰӳ˵
ԶǸС֪ãҲٵ飬еǸǶڻ֮󣬱㿪ʼȥ
ȫȫе͹֮ͨϣûй˼ǸСĽӽǸۣžҪӵС
ʱһõӰӣͻȻǰһƮ͵Сǰ
ǸС̧ͷǰoɫѾ࣬ͬʱ͸¶һ˿ľ⡣
˿ߵУҧҧ͵ǰһ壬ϾͷųһɫĹâ
âЯСһ磬ֱõӰӡ
λûнӽǸõӰӣϵ̹ͱʲôѹסˣһ˲ȫص֮ڡ
Ҹ˸е˼ǣϵͨʱҲȫ֣СεǸӰӵĽǰ
ǵӰֻ΢΢ĿһСһֻ֣͵ؾͷһ¡
ֻôһǸСϾ͸оԼǿʼЩˣҪ˯֮С
СɲһĹǻϹڤĹ
ֻԵĻ˻Դ°񽫵ͨ
ȻѹȴƣȻſһ
Ǹ񽫵ӰӣǰСûڸʲôֻ̧ͷԶ˵ͷ
Ժ֮ȴ˺
֣ʱ
Ȼ仰岻ǲ֪ô֪еĺ塣
˳Լıܴӻȡ˿ǲܶС¡
ǸС岻ı򿽹Ʈ
΢΢һЦ޾Ļϲ
Сǿһ񽫣ƾԼҪ뽵ǿ㻹÷Щ
ǸСȻˣȻƣֻۿԼԽԽӽǸ
ʱѾ͸¶޵Ļںޡ
˵úõŶãΪʲôҪ͸͸һؿɺðԼȥˡ
кҩ
СǱ˿С
СȷʵȻ뿽֮УȻǲʵڿзĿͣĲ
龰ֻһüŸſҲ
׷ףط׷ס̳Ͼ﹵ţţֽ֦¡նշ䲻ն񲻽նɷ壬飬ױϾͬУʥϾ
ǣĹһεķʼ䵽ϣ͸С
ڿдһ޵Ĳҽ֮һƽ
ſʼӦڿеǸСѾʼ졣
Сȷʵ⿽ֻ͸Ļ֮УĹֻһ뿽ͻ
ֶţܵӰ΢΢Ĺ˹֡
Щ񽫵ͶӰһ˵ͷ֮ڿռһŤǱʧ
ȵЩ֮һ
Ϊٻô⣬ʵҲзǳѹ
ȻڵķѾǵɵļ£ֻҪǰһɾ硣
ڱһˣЩѾɡ
һʵĲͬ˼Ҳᷢ΢ı仯
ɵʱЩ־Ҳġ
վڵĵȴţһһη˲
ڿڸһ£֪ǸСѾȫıˡ
㼱æᶶһ¿ǸС̾ʹ˳֮Ľ¡
㿴Сʵ
ղǸʲôˣ
СɻĿһۣȻһԺ֮С
Ҳ֪ܹͨٻڤĹÿһٻ빩ϹƷ
һ£Ȼ˵㻹ҵ𣿡
ǸС̧ͷһ£Ȼ۾ˣʧķѾ͸˿ռ䣬Ǹ˵Ӱӡ
ԣϢܵĺǣҲ㲻ҵ׷١
֮Ǵϲ
˸Ǹ̫Լô鷳ҽԼķ˽Ҳץȥˡ
ԼҪǲһӦΪԼء
Ȼˣͽ˻ҡ
ǸС΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
ֻοʼƮȥǸڲͣתУͻȻųһâСϡ
ǸСٶһӼӿˣ˲û֮С
ǸС֮Ҳʼðûмʧ˵
ǸСȻǲˣȻεϵϡ
ֻСһİĿռ֮УûңҲûйڰ֮֡
ֻĻҵĺš
Ŀռ䣬ǸСȴˮ
ֻڤͣСۣǸСһȻ۾һοԶ
ǸСٴС֣һ㡣
ǰֳһС
СһͷʧȵٳֵʱѾһɽ֮ڡ
͸С۾⴦ɽֻ֣Ⱥɽ֮УмڰɽӰ֡
ȻףǼݾԼĿˡ
ͨʼߴСϿǰȥ
ǸСҲֻһһǰ
ոһӽеһݣľͿʼ𶯣Źâʢ
â֮УԼԼһСơ
СֻǲмƳһеСߣԭһ߾ľꡣ
Ҳ֪ĸʦ壬Ȼγһɽķ
Ǳ󷨣ҲСҪɵһ£ɾɵķСмڿһۡ
ֻǸС֮֮ڵľȥ
СĶҲе
ֻһǸһֱ鷳ˣڳСǰ
Ǹ˻ΪʲôԼ鷳ȵԼСɫѾʮֵء
ͬʱҲףǸʦȻѾշСԼ鷳ѽ
ֹؼʱҲûκεԥˣֻһ֡
̾һХ֮֮ͿһɫӰӷ˳
֮˵ֱϡ
ԭɫӰһССߡ
˵ֱ֮ϣǳ˳
ȴоǸСȻһ£Եߵϸоһв


618 ֶ
Ϊ˵㣬ȻԼСܵ˺
˻еĿ
ֻ֮зųһڵĹââֻһ¾ʧ
һСڳǰʱͻȻ֮һâ£ͺɫɫ˿ʮֵĴۺľ
Сڷâ֮ȴǳ˷ܣֻһܣͺĹâڻ㵽һ
Զһ֪ãֻһϵߡ
̾һ˳ȥӽâʱ򣬺ͱһ赲סˣ󲻵ò˳
ʱڵĹâΪһСҲ˵ǰ
Ͽƽûʲô𣬵ȴоһɹεС֮ڲͣ𵴡
Ѿﵽ˼£С޷ȫƣֳ
ǸСԶ֮΢΢߿˿֮͵ǰһֱڳ߾ȥˡ
ںǰһˣտʼʱԴСϣڵʱС˹Ȼӭ͵һܣص˵ϡ
СȴЩˣȥ֮ĵļǰһܣֱ˾ȥˡ
Ǹ˼龰ֻһʧˣС˸ա
С˿֮ȵڵ֮󣬾ɭ۹⿴ĴѰҡ
һʲô֮Ϸһ˿Цݡ
ҲʼȥһȵٴʱѾץһˡ
Ⲽ˵·ϵһǣȻǱСټ
СⲼڱ֮۾ȻͿʼðȥһʧڵ
һԶľ֮УͻȻһ󱩺֮
С̫ҵ
žһ⻪Ǿ֮з˳
⻪֮УǸСҲֳΡ
ԭղСͨССĲµһ˿ϢҵǸ˵ȥ
Ǹ˱ΪԼصúܺãӦܹС׷١
Сõ㿽ǿһڣѾʱĴﵽ˹ɵľ硣
֮УѾǣֻһ˲ͷ˵ټ
ε£ֻʹԼɱﵡ
ǽɫĹâ⾫֮ڲõһⷨרڽħȥꡣ
ƽʱ˶ӦŷԼ壬òһֱ20ӡ
ʵѾˡ
ڵ򲻵ѵ£ֻƴȫʩչⷨҪƾⷨܣС
Ҫ˵ɫĹâȷʵһӴС壬СǱһı̾Ϳʼ졣
Ҳֻһ˲飬СӦâղŻΪĹâھȻһ˿˿뵽С֮С
СâҲʼ
ԭɭݣڿʼһЩֽӽһ
Ǹȴһˣǹâһ뵽С֮ڣҲʼ˼ı仯
ԭ20׿ʼϻûһĹѾƤݣͷѩס
ͨС۾ѾǰһУ֪ԼĶѾǿ֮ĩˣԼӦüӰѾ
ֻ㽫ŵıϵǰ
֮дʡ
ҽǷ֣бԣ̤㱱ܿ̫ˮ޻ˮ嵴룬ˮλȥ
еǰѱͲƮ˿У⻹꣬ҧԼʳָѪεǰѱ֮ϡ
֮ٴ
ȥնаΪֽ׾У
꣬ǰѱʼ΢΢زƱĽǰѱ̾ͻһ磬ʧǰ
һǸСҲǸ˵ǰССָ˵۾˹ȥ
Ȼòˣȴࡣ
ԭ޵ŹŽɫ֮еķȻܹᣬҲķѹס
Źˣеķȫŷ˳
Ϊǿࡣ
ֻ͵۾֮ͷų⣬ֱӴСϡ
ʹн
ƽʱռרȡ֮еĽ
⽣̲˵ڣ˹ؼʱת̲ͨܽصĽһŷ
ɽ潣Ҳֺ
ǸСһʱ飬֪˻ͨһӾͱ⽣С
ֻѾʵôһӾͱͬʱзĺС
Ǹ˵¶һ˿Цݡ
ȻղһʮĿ๦һС
ӣԼֻҪǼӰѾֲãܹˡ
뵽ʱһαȵٴγֵʱѾһ⡣
εͿеķɹ˹ǰȻһѪɫĲơ
ֻĵһ£ǲ̾ɢȥܿľɨС塣
Ѿõ壬ڱɫĲһɨС̾ͻΡ
Զ˼ɫڱúÿСǱԼˡ
ЩˣûЦȥԶͿһռ䲨Сξͳˡ
һСǰøˣѾ͸
СûκεİݣǷ̵Ц
ǸСĿʼڻ˿ռ͹֮С
ԶɫͿʼ
ԭ˺СǷǳԨԴġ
һʩչл֮ѾǧʷмξٻС
տʼʱһɵǰΪСֻͨĹһԲ֪СĹ
޿κεǣСܿƣټһոͨеķûʲôá
ÿһٻ˱ˣǵʦҲᱻ۳ˡ
Щʦ˵ܹӵøѾǲˣƿٻŻˡ
СһͨǾҪɢʱڵͺ˾ĳЩĹ
Ǹʱ򣬾ͻϢǿпԽʱգСγһƬ
֮ڣС޵еĴڡ
ֳҲɲ˼ЩˣΪֳѾһ򲨶
ЩʼѸٵͣܿľͽС


619 ȸں
˱ķ֮У͸оԼʼٵıȡ
Ŀʧоڵķʼ
еطһ̬֮
ʧԽǵ˿ҪʱķԽΪǿʢһ̣ķԴﵽɵļ¡
Ȼͣȴûһ˿һĸˣΪЩȡġ
ڿԶֵСѾǺ޵ֱ
Ҳˣֻһš
̾˵γһεĲЩȻϢ뿪
ڽСЩ鷳ˣΪСѾˣȻ˵˳˽Լ֮󣬴СоԼһֿҪıԵ
һȻǶԸˣôСǭ¿ˡ
Ǹʱ֮ҲûбҪˡ
뵽С۾һתɨһ£ʹܵĴ㡣
ǸôСˣҪ֪һС˵˵ܾˡ
СҲָԭˣûĹҪȥˡ
ôĳޣôСȻˡ
Լһεķ򲨶ǰһܣСķ׷ȥ
ǸС龰Ҳ˲ʲôˣֱӾԱߴȥ˾ռ֮صĴһ׷һӡ
СϾˣǸȻ˵ȡ˺ܶ࣬ķ򲨶ȴǿʢʱ
ۿ˾Ҫ׷ǸС
ΣʱԶһ⻪˸
˺ǸӦʲô͵ĻͷǻûӦһǰ
ǽǴض
ֻüҽһž˳
һأһ۾ĴѰңǿɿ⣬һմѪıڰͣš
ſЦһ
û뵽һʱ̰ȻԼ³
˵ЩѾûʲôˡ
ʱƣֻоԼڷٵʧڵķȻʼµۡ
ǷٶԼоԾ
ʶҪʧʱڵķ͵һܡ
ЩһӾʹܳɢȥ
ЩɢķɲǾôɢУγһ޿ƥеıʼܺɨȥ
Ǳɨеģʲôɽʯͷ̾ͻ˻ҽ
ǸСû뵽ˣô
һ飬ͱɨˡ
С尲ȻɨУǲЩˣΣˣ
СѾҪ͸ˣѾΣյʱʱٱһɨУ̾ͻһʧ˵
ǰѱȻǱεķɨУǱǼں϶ɣƷѾߵ˼¡
ⷨⱦȻûκε˺ֻǰǰͷųѹȥһЩ
ȵһƽϢ֮ѱֿʼֳҴһѱûзʲôҵ뿪ˡ
ȵһƽʱֳ֮һƣǸ̫ͳ˵
ǰѾ˷ľᣬֿ˿˵ʬ̾һ
ڸղŵʱ̫л־˵ģȴûж֡
̫Щˡ
ԼõĶ̫̾Ͱһ˿Ļ׵⡣
̫˵ʬԡ
ԭഺӣѾ˰˵ģ
̫Ķָʬ壬ǵЦԽԽ
⵹ǣ̫ʲôʬ񱣬Ϊ֪һһ֮
ǾȻˣڵľ۳һӡ
ⶫܹԼĺ󱲣ܿľͽɾ硣
ƾһ㣬͸һɵĺ󱲷ǳİǶȹΣյʱ̡
⻹ǵһɣֻ֪ǳӦá
̫ද֣ܽⱦееľȫȥȻ뵽Լ֮УԼĵд
̫һ̣ǸûһϵС
Ҫı
̫֮࿴˿Զ¶Цݡ
ѽ㣬Ҳ˵̫ˣȵٴʱ¹˭ֻһء
̫ŤתΣһͿ֮Уʧˡ
˵㣬ֽӹɻıڱ֮ţ¶Цݡ
Ϊⱦ֮ϣŵ˵Ѫ
ȻһԼʧһոշĹǺôԼǿˣҲǵòʧ
һΣʧ˵ء

ʱǰҲ˱仯
̫֮̾Ű̵СʼһߵĴϮ
һû˽ָӣûڳԶѾֻǿĵ˧
ѾСѾͷȻѧϰһЩָӴ顣
˵ʵ㱾һƿӲƿӻεˮƽ̶ܽѾأ
ôһսһߵĴͱԷѹǽڽڰˡ
ѾҲǼˣԼѹ׵ķȫʩչߵļһѽһѵס
ȻʩչȷʵܹһʱֵסзĽⷨȷʵһ
ǾǼеļһԵġ
˶ѾϵļҲ߰˰ѣһǾȫûˡ
С֪Ѿͨ
Ҳ֪Ѿͨ㣬ԲûǰֵµСȥĶѾķ
ȻûһĹ򣬶ѾߵļͶùˣʱҲֻ̾˿ԼǸˡ
Ǹ̾ǰԽǰʼҳͻ
Ҫ˵СǱߣҲ󽫵ģһ⸾̾ɵۡ
Ϊ⸾ʵ̫ˣЩҲһغϾͻᱻն¡
˳˸տʼһɵ㶵ǵĳȥĴ֮⣬Ҳʼĺˡ
Ҳƾ⸾˵ǿĵס˵оһֵĽ
ԶѾ֪⸾˵
ΪϾ㹲¹֪⸾һʬ
ֻ΢΢һЦͶԱߵС˵
⽩ʬѾ˷ʬľ磬ͭԣǹ룬ٶȷɿ죬һ˿ܽס֡
С˵ͷ
Ҳ֪⽩ʬǰĻ»мǿķʦʱĵס⽩ʬ
ԴӽƲһӣЩ̵Ͷ˽ƣ׽⡣
ڶԸСʬҲòԳˡ
С˧̨֮վ֮ǰһԽ֮У֮󼸸ǰ
ֻȡһ˿֮͵һף˿һһǽʬ˹ȥ


620 
һССʬ
ֻǸʬþ÷ͱýġ
еСΣüæĿ䡣
ӿ׷ٸ塣ǷԪ档٣̫ҹϵ
ֽл䡣
ֻж̶̵ļ䣬һǣĹȡ˵
ҸǣֻҪǱմһ˿㣬ôͻһֱסûѵĻᡣ
Ҳǵĸ̸СΪǿ֮һ
Ҫʩչ䣬Լڵķ̾ͻᱻһ롣
С֮֮̾ͱžһ޵Ĺ䵽ǽʬĸֱӽС
ЩͿʼãĥŽʬ塣
ǽʬɵģھȻͣҲʼò
Ҳڼ޾Ĺ֮Ҳûаֵİ취
ĶѾ龰оһ
⽩ʬǸˣһֱŶѾİȫ˵Ѿʬǳиˣڼʮֵż
˲ľʹԱߵһȡ̳
ֹܿͣĶΪǽʬǶСĶ֣Ƿų˹޿Ҳֻǰæ
ǰʱѾýƵУԵļӶѾùˡ
˶Ѿֻｹֱţȴﲻκεæ
Σʱ̣ͻȻ֮ԶһӰһ⣬ǰ֮С
СǳĻǰ׹æ˵һξ룬ִۿ
һСüͷĸˣ˻
ԭĲˣǰ̵ķĸơ
֮˷ĸƾȻˣҲǲǳ
ȫ̲˶ԷĸƵļı÷ĸƣס
ڵϣ㻹ǽƸ˳
Щ̵ĽͽǣŵĽƣҲʼĸ
˵ڰ֮УԶСҧгݡ
ҪĻǰǽʬȳ˽ֻһ֣о͵һķⲨһ˲ӵǽʬϡ
ʬΧŵⲨһ̾ɢΡ
ôʱĥǽʬҲǳ
ԶĶѾһ龰Ͻһǣǽʬ֮ǽʬ˶Ѿ˼ĵѾȥ
ȵ⽩ʬ˻ԼУһοԶС
СѾͷҪͶ๫ǰԼ䣬ĻɾͱҲˡ
СһֱԼķĸҲìܡ
Ҫ˵СʵҲͷĸԵУ뵽ԼɷɥУƽĴޣôܹһȴ
Сҧҧеķĸ˵
СҲ֪ôʵޣ粻һӦǲð
֪С֮ľֻҡҡͷ˵ʲôˡ
Ȼ˫ûˣôǿˡ
ֻǰĿһžʹӻȡһ졣
ǵᣬһֱ֮еһ
ǰһʱ䣬㽫˽ƣ令˵С
ʵ˵˽⣬˼ҽ˵ԶԶء
ˣֻн׳̾ûڵʱ֮Ϳռѷ֮С
ŽƿĬĬڿռ֮о͵һơ
ƺܿľͰһߵľӣȫס
Ҵ֮ҲƮһʼ뵽֮ڡ
Щ뵽ǵڣ±ֻǿֵסԷľǣһܴ
ֻһǱǵǹ롣
տʼʱЩʿ֪ԼѾǵǹˡ
ֱһʿбԷͱһֻǳһ׵㣬û¶
һʿ֪ôˣǷſˡ
濳һЩ˸Ͳ־ͻԷһ
ЦԷԼһֻϻһӡԼȥһֱӾҪ˶Է
ô˳֮£̺ʹܳ͢ӾͿʼЩֵסˡ
ԶС龰ҲǳżûһǷĸĶ֡
ҲȥͷĸԵĽֻۿԼľӽڽڰˡ
ֻĻǵľӻܼһʱ䣬ǽȴЩŵǻɢ
ֻĸҡǱ죬ƵķΧ͵͡
һ£ľĿ֮Уܶĳ͢Ͱ̵ʿҲס
һǱӳˣõǹ룬
ɾͲһˣűǱֻ֣оԼڵľһ˳
ž;ûͷҲϾҪ˯
⻹ô
ߵʿǰߵ״ûٸǰˡ
Сཻһɫҡҡͷ֪ûȥˣСϽͭࡣ
ͭ죬СһߵʿæѾܡ
ǺܻˣǰȻ֣ǻûһ˿ܵö
еĽƼˣ̾һȻҡ죬ͨ촫ԼʿԺ֮С
ǵڳɱʿڽӵµ֮Ҳһ£Щ飬ǿͷһ
⽫ҲΥʿʱֻǽԷΧһȻ˵ǹ¶
ܳ͢ʿʱ򣬿ɾûôʴˡ
ǵһڣǾͲŹһʱ֮ĽʬҰ
Сǽбܽ˴Ӫ֮ǾͿʼݣܲս
һҲûм׷Ϊһ쵽ڣʿǻûгսִôʱ䣬ϻϣѾﵽ˼ޣҪٴĻ»òʧ
˽һż˶ѾԣžʹµĽȻʼ˻سС
һĴսǽˡ
͢Ͱһ߿˵͵ʴףûסƣʹͶµʿʧء
ڵϵʱǻص˼ϳС
ڼϳǵ˧֮У㿴ƣûԭС´棬һҵϣԲ
ǽƶѽ֪ʲô˽ƸԴһ裬Ȼ͵ǰ
๫Ⱥȱ裬ɤӣ
Ʋһۣǽùһ
΢΢һЦԣȻ˵
ǰǸˣҪ˵ĺһԵ
仰ֻ۾ʼˣھԼͷ͵һƬ


621 
ҳ̣˱ѡĵһνΪ˷£ҶԷơ
Ϊ˶ȡ̵ˣ͢ǰҶ˾ͷĿˡ
ĲЩϲûκεĻ͡
֣Ȼ˵ҽȻҰҲ֪Ժãڸ˷֮ǰҲûκĵ¶
˽⻰ɫǺÿһЩתͷǸѾҳˣ㲻۰ɣ
΢΢һЦȻĴһ¡
ССƺ֮ìܣǻˡ
һҹ޻ڶѾǵ̷´Ŵ磬֮ϴϣ緹
Ȼڴ֮ϣŽ¡
ڵľѾԽԽˣһս̺ͳ͢Ѿǿ֮ĩۿžҪˡ
ǸʱǸһ͵Ҫúһˡ
ǰм·
һ͢ȻˣھܻжʮʵǷǳǿģҪʵ飬תʡ
ĻͻԳ͢ΧЧʹֱ
ڶ·ǲܲˣֱӱϺͳ͢һս
Ŀǰ˵͢սľֹɵģųܾ͢ˣǴм񵽱ˡ
ȥİӾϣֱӺͳ͢һս
֮ԸҴ⣬ΪΪеĵϵĸȫѹˣʣµЩԼֻҪ־ܽѹ
͢һ߿̫һɵĸˣ˵͢˵Ψһĵˡ
˵ԸǿԽǿ
ŴȰǿˣôЩӾԼˡ
ҲֻԱܸὨ飬Ļ㡣
ȻѾİˣǽҲ˵ΪԼһԼɣԷľǿҲԼĶ֡
ڴ˾֮ôҪԳ͢Ͱ̵ˡ
һϽƿܰæ
๫ڴǰѾ¶ЩϲѾ֪ҵĴڣһĻ̡̻
ϴһ˿Цݵ˵ͷ˵ǣҪ˵ˡ
࿴˿϶¶΢Ц
ǰӪپӵʱ򣬽һνԼѾݺҵԡ
˵ȥЩ˻жҵȵġ
˷ģȥ졣
˵֮ݺСĵ˳˴ãһ˧һƫƧĲԺ
֮Ժ֮оĵĳ˼ˣ֮ɢʧˡ
˵͢ͰһߵһİܱĻ̡̻
رǰһߣȻ˵СΪ׿ϲЩ̵ĽͽԭȵĲࡣ
Щ˿һ֪̾ĸĴڣͬʱڷĸǵݵġ
һǾȻҪͷĸ֣ûһ̤ʵġ
СҲоԼĲȣϵʱͽеʵȫټİο
СҲˣİοЧѡ
±ЩȻ˵Ǳ϶Ļ˵ͷǴ۽üȴ˲ΪȻ
СҲЩŭܿľѹԼĻ
ʵҲֲ±ߵˣҪһڴƣôµЩΪԼǰ̣ȻӲͷƤͷĸս
Լһ߱˼ѹŴ򣬶Ұ¶±ߵȻ˼
СΨһģάŰ̾Ӳɢ
С±ߵЩˣҲҹڵĳͷͺԼһ̾ͷˡ
ⳡֻԲ֮
СҲûʲôõİ취ֻǰԱߵľӪô졣
СǰŸո뿪Ӫžм˴Ӽ͵͵ĽӪ֮С
Ӫ֮ھͿʼӿ
ЩԭȰ̵ͽǣʱĸ֦Ȼϲ
Ǻܿľʹһ£ϵʱб䣬ܲΪĸСͽ
ܹȻǺõģҪǲɵĻЩ˾ͽ㼯һϳǿ£ʱĸ˽Ӧ
֮żҲΪҲˣٴηսĻǱذɣ˿ɲΪκεĳɣɥʧõĻᡣ
Դһ֪Сڳ͢һߺҵء
ԭҲ˾Ʋ˻ر֮󣬾նء
ɽСĵ̣Ҫ̣ô޸֮硣
СǼҵķԣҪһսƾ˶ڣȡʤϣ
һûе磬취ȷʵǺãʥ磬ȴһ⡣
ر֪ͨһδսУҪٴʩչǷصͨԼһ¾ͻᱻԷȫߣʱܹرصҲûˡ
ڳ͢µĴǶʮ֮⣬ʣµľŵЩˡ
µȫûˣô͢±Ͼ׽⣬޷͹ˡ
Сǲɢ
СոջصӪٴνµĴټԲߵʱͻȻӵر͢ĴѾΣ򱱶ȥ
һСǾҡ
Ǳ˼ǿ֧ڵСѾǵȥˡ
СǿеĻ֣̿Լı֮Уһҧҧɽһս
֮ԸľģΪɽ˼ϸ󲿷ֵĵطĿ֮С
СѾɽбȻ󼯾۾Ƶıڼϳ¾һս
С֮󣬳һ֮ߵ˴֮⣬ķǣƽ
С׼Щ֮Ϣڶķʱ
ͻȻ֮䣬Ǻɱ֮졣
С͵һȻɱ֮ȥֻԶѾһ⡣
龰ӪԼ˷ˡ
һ֣СھĸĴӪһγصĴ
ʱһСѾСǰ
²ãǷˡ
С֮üͷһ£ȻķԸ
ƽҡ
С˵ĸ
˱ǰ̵ľɲСɽ֮շһˡ
Ҵо̶ϣСҪǿĶࡣ
ΪСΡ
ڰ̵ǶǲСεģõҲֻΪˡ
СѾ֮Ͻȥ
СѾ߸ոû೤ʱ䣬Соʸ͵һĺɱ
ЩѾѾоʸ
С΢΢̾һ
ֻĬĬ֮ھȻһ󰵺ɫ
ʱ˴ʿѾС׾оʡ
ǿĲǸĽһĹ


622 
ЩѾɱоʵʿһﶼһ£Ϳʼӵˡ
Ͼι״ϾһЩ¡
Ǹ﷢һ˴̶ĺУһԾԾȺ֮С
֮һģɱʼˡ
ЩʿǱɱɢӡ
ǵٶôܸϵϣѾ޵С
˺ܿľȺ֮һȷѪ꣬֫Ĵķɽ
Ǽͷ췴İ̽죬Ѿﵽ˴㡣
Ǽһ£ôȥǰ취Сһ֮⣬ʼҵ
ЩʸСϣϵļƬֻð˼»ǣͱһԡ
һºߵЩҲ֪ͨķûʲôˡ
Щ˺ôǰˣһЩǸͨһɫĲƣͣɨС
տʼʱСͲǣֻרĵɱЩСʱ䳤ˣСҲЩ鷳
۹ԶȥһԾˣЩʿİΧЩѽĸ
һЩ˿ŵצ
ղСɱ˵ΣǿǿһЩѾµ˹
СһǰǾͿʼɢӣͨ
ֻһֽ׳
ջûС׷ֻСĿϾҪԶЩֽףֻǷһĺС
Ǻ֮γɵһ˲͵Щڰеֽס
ֻôһ£Щֽϵķȫɢ
ЩɵеһӲ̾ʹ
ЩĺǿرסЩЩٻֱӾͱˤࡣ
ЩҲûжּӣֻС䵽ǵǰצһӾͳһ˵ࡣ
СͰǻԼĿУŽɣɣȥ
ЩСǼ龰ѾŵȷˣǰԭǸͰ׽һ˵Ĺ
ʱ֮һ׹⡣
СɵĹŰ׹ǳУ͵̧ͷ۷ų׹⡣
ǵ׹ѸײڶٶСϿգһⲻˣǷĸơ
һµµЩСͰ̵ϲ㣬ҵĹˡ
ԭȲ뷴ѵЩ̵ʿǼ龰Ҳвĸһ߿£
ǽƿ±ѾģС¶һ˿мЦݡ
޷ҲһŶõģȻܹⷨѸٵĳɾ͵ܹ֮ޡ
Ҫ˵ҲǷǳ޴ģôΣôڵԾͻıĥΪһޡ
ʱ˵ԺʶͶ𣬱һֻ֪ɱ¾Ĺ߳Ϊĳλܵһܡ
û뵽ôСȻҲѧа
Сʱ仹ҲûжλΪޣԴлһ˿ǣ֪ûȫɥʧԼʶ
С㻹ϵ𣿡
СŰеķĸð⡣
Ѿֻܹ֮ǴзֵĺĴӦ
ĸҡҡͷһָ±ߵС͵һ¡
Ҫ˵ȷʵǹģ괫޷ʱֻµǲƪļȴı
ʣµǼƪҲûжãһ޷ܹǿıԼǣʹòȫֻ֪ɱ¾Ĺ
һȫɥʧǵ֮£Ŀ֮
ڷĸƾʩչŶ޵ĿƷ
ָֻϷųһĹ⻪ûʲôһһӴСɵ֮ǵ⻪̾ͷʱ䡣
ʼһС֮ȥ
Сȴоһǰδеʹ֮࣬ϲ
СȻеʹ࣬ûɥʧǣֻҧ͵һצеķĸץȥ
ǽƿСӽӰֻЦһ¡
ŽһЩѾСڵĹ⻪̾ͱ
ѾڰеСֻоھ٣һǰδеʹĺ֮С
һڰյôҲƲסˣε˳
֮СҪվǲ֪ôģһֻûһ˿
ƿǱС΢΢ҡҡͷ֮ʼ
ճպմ⣬ң£»湰ݣƱգѳּȼãδԽˮ磬Ԫ壬г嵱Զͳ¼ϲ飬
䡱ǿ޷һС
žеĹʼ֣һɨ±ߣſڵصСϡ
Сϵۼ￪ʼʧ»ȵĸˡ
ʱСѾˣҪŸղŵڵķǱʲôһھһͨˡ
ڰеķĸ龰¶һ˿
ô˵ҲǶС˺ϤĽ̵ڿС䵽أҪ˵ѹƭ˵ġ
ϣ๫ǰԼ䣬㿴Σ
ǵڵϵСȻڻ᲻ķ۾Ȼ͸¶ļᶨ
ǳ롣
һŷߺ޵˵ضԣ㻹ǰ꣬һʹ졣
΢΢ҡҡͷһ̾
ȻˣǾ㲻ˡ
ڽҪֵʱСͻȻ˵ĸǰ̷ķϣ뽫ҵʬҵ๫һҷ޶ھȪ֮ҲԲ
ĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ӶԼеķǷ̾ͻһ꣬Сϡ
С̾͸оԼ忪ʼڣСʧȥʶ
ڰеĽƣСĻΪޣһ⡣
ⲻԵģС
ǲܲˣôͻͶ̥ת»
Լ๫ͨȻǲ£ڲ˶ͺԼϡ
Ͼ˶˽ģοǵĸ׵Ľơ
ȻͲº󻼣˷ĸһ˿Ҳˡ
ֻ͵һץǵ㾫С
֮͵ſڣžһɵɵĻӿ⾪֮ϡ
ǵ㾫ֻǷһ˿޵Ĳҽ֮ͱճ˻ҽ
ЦЦ˶֣ȻִӻȡԼֲһɶ
֮˳Щ¾ۼİ̵в㣬˵
پӣȻȫȴա
˵仰֮󣬽ֲ
ǷģǰӦǵģһŵԣһٻ󡣡


623 Զ
ڼϳнӵƵĻر̾ǣѾͶļʮ̵ʿΧһ֮󣬾Ϳʼǵı
ȵһа׵֮˲һ
⼸죬ܰʿͶʱͽǿ˵Ƿǳĵġ
ϾǼʮѽ˭֪ûĻҪ⼸ʮһըӪƾЩ˻κβǣֻǽǴɢ
ýڰеλǷǳĸߵģЩ̵ͽǶڽƵĻûκεĻɣʵʵؽͶ
ôǸôЩˣ
Ϊٿ˼εľ飬Ҳû˵һ
ҪԭǴҵķǳĴ
ľɲԽΪ׵ЩǣΪЩ˲ҳϣܹӦýǴɢȥʵʵ
ЩԭȽֵµȴвͬ
Ϊ⼸ʮ˺ôҲһЩѵֻҪԵѵһ£Ǽʮľ
ļ룬ǵʵܼͣҿԻʦϣֲһսܶǬ
Щ۽ΪҪӣһֱǱտڲԡ
˧λ֮ϵ㣬±ֵ߳ڽ۹¶ζ
֪±ߵЩѾֳɣΪ˸ԵѾʼ
ҲˣѾռʡ֮±㣬ټϱߵͽеĵɣ¿»Ƿ޵С
ֵµЩˣĿʼΪ͢еĵλȨ
ԱߵĽƣ±߳Щˣֻ䣬˼ϿֹĻ±߳ճ
۾һ¡
ԼڵѾﵽ˵ɵļ£ڵ̵ҲоһɹɵԼͷ֮ϡ
˷ǳӴ󣬾ȻԼԭһ˿ĵɾ磬ʼ
ȥһĹԼͻɾ֮Ҳ޷˼ˡ
֮£ԼĶӻСô͵øһɽ
ɽֲܿԼӵĻλôʵѡĸ׽ˡ
ĻӦøһЩƿµʱ
±Ǽʮ̵ĽǸʵ
һ
⼸ʮİ̵ĽȻܹʵʵĽнôضжġ
ټҪټʮ±ھѵܹսµһĹ򣬵Ǹʱ򣬳͢һ߱ضʵǿɾͲˡ
±ߵλҲϱߵʲô˼ˡ
ԵĽȴĿһۡ
ڽһһ⼸ʮȫɢȻֵȥ
ǳϵǣ㾹ȻЩȫ
ǰȨκȾָȫıۡ
ýƲûвκεϲãЩ
ӣ¶һ˿ĵǡ
Ҳ˽Ƶ뷨֣ڽƵġ
֮㴫µľôԼгȡʿ䣬ǰǽеΰٷ򳤡
ȵ׵֮ɢʡ
Ȼص˧ĺߣƱץ֣Ȳʵ
๫ǲʲô¶
ҡҡͷȻĽƵļ˵㲻ضġ֮£ЩҲΪǱЩȣҲ˷ʱˡ
Ȼô˵ǽвûз֪ڱĳ͢ͽʡ񣬶̧ͷʲôȡ
Ȼ㲻˵ҲʶȤĲٶˡ
˵ѾߵʮĴ򱱣ոʮ̽ر
̵ĴӪɧңı
̽пʼ
̿һģھȻɧңһѾǿ֮ĩĸ
ԼȻڼϳ£û˰Щ˵ǣƣĴȫԸĶԸԼһ
ʱ򣬿ԼѲ׷
뵽͵һڰѾ˰ɣ
ʱѾ˰̣ôȫԳ׷Լ
뵽ﲻپˣøϽ˳ɽڣصܣնء
ˣĴͿʼӿٶȣֻʮĹ˳ɽ
֮ڽͨҪ֮ϣ´Ӫ
ͬʱʼھе˳»ʵۣս龰һͿʼҪ
˳»ʵҲ֪ȣԴӶʮУ˲
˳»ʵҲ֪㷨ǿƾﶼ²Ķ֣ǰԼԵ̫Ҳɵ˾С
̫ոյһŽⱦΪ֮ºս
Ǿ˳»ʵ֮֮飬Ҳ֪͢ѾΣʱ̣ҲòʱԼ飬ºڵһС
һߣ˼ʮ֮ҲûͣԴʮıϡ
ʣµľĸͳ죬ɽפأԷ⡣
ʮоûκεڵģ˺ܿϢ͵İͷ
ǰߴ鱨ܲ
Ϊս˰̣ΪĲ룬ҲǻһʱŻᱱϡ
û뵽ŹʮĹ㾹ȻôĴ󵨵ĴŰ̵Ľʦϡ
Աߵ̫࣬ܲӣҲֻ̾һ
û뵽ûмĹ㾹ȻˣȻѾв͢ͳˡ
̫̾ϢͲҲԡ
̫վоս֮ת˼Ȧ¶ġ
һһݲ࣬㲻óսݺţȵݺľҲò˾
λϽĴӦһ۾һת˵
ڣһκţѾ֪ͨºϣһֱûж㿴һǲҲһ
̫ĵ˵ͷ
취ǺãҲɵӣһ֮ԲΪսѾʧأһʱָԪ
̫˵зųǻ۵ĹâѾһС
һؿɲһˣٱˣôûкԿˣôҲⲻ
˵仰̫֮̾˧ԣʼдһš
д֮ŷϸװ֮ݸԱߵ
㽫͵ȥȻ׸ôˡ
ӹţϽĳ˧ʣȻԼױǰʡ
һ˧֮е̫࣬ʱϿɲղг
ĳݡ
ȻһŸ񣬵̶̵֪ʱ֮ڣͲѵһ֧սľ
ǿҲ޷ǣöپ
Ͼ֪ںĸأֻҪɵĴͲܹȡöٽչ
ҪѹԼһϡ
˵ʵ̫ʱﻹǷǳµġ
ԼͲеǿű飬ƽ顣


624 ɳ
˵Ĵ˾ܽ紦
Ӫկ֮Žĸɽ֮ϣԶԶų͢Ӫկ
һüͷ
ԭ͢ɽ֮䡣
ĴҪͨͱǰĵˣĻҪԽɽǾ͵Ʋ֪Զľ롣
ǵ϶־ӪС
Խ˵
Ҳ˵ͷзųһ⡣
ڽƵУռʱѾͣҲɫ
ڶĴӪ֮Уһɫ˳
Ӧþ̫ˣ͢һҪԼսˡ

ڵڶ糿ľʹǰֵҪ
ǴһֱʱѹûκεĶ
Цһ£ѾѧˣǲԼˡ
ԭʱ̫֪㵽ˣܵϼӷأɳս
̫ҲϼִС
Ϊ֪ҪǵԵ߻ûһĶ֡
Ūɳ׾簲ĵķء
ƾԼ⽫ʮϷأ˶ڣǿҪ빥ԼĴկҲôס
ֵҪ죬Էûжû취ˣֻʱİ⣬ƶԷľ
һ죬ڳ͢ĴӪˣָҪ
ӪŵС˴Ų֪˲ǷˣҲκεĵѣϽľͨȥˡ
Ȼ˵ǰоͺʲôǸϽ˽뵽оʡ
о֮ڣ׼˲ˮһţ͸Ͻǰӭ˼õ˿֮ϡ
ȵ˫˼裬Ȼʵ
֪λɽУӪΪ£
һģĵʿԼĺ룬˵ϼɽеĽޣǹʦ㷴ѳ͢
֮һϲϾͰɫƽ
Ҳû˵ڳ͢ľЩЩŸɵĸ˶㻹ô
ϼԱߵһĵʿĲɣǴһף˵
˧زɣֺ㲢ûκεĹڣʵΪѣĺ֮
Щ֣ǰʿʲôޣ
ǸʿҲʼ͡
²ɳɱֻ֮ԭĵҲǶ֣ǱЩ꣬ǰһʱɽ㷴ѣ
֮󣬶ǰĲ裬֪ɷ
ɲΪԷļ;ȫΡ
Ͼڳ͢Ѿ˹ؼʱ̣Ҫڲʲô⣬˿ɳ֮ôͰ
ɳҲȫԼ۾һת˵
˧£ôҾ¸Ͷ״
˵ɳվĹֽ˵
ҹҾǱԷĴӪ֮УɱҪĽ죬Ϊ˧ĺ񡣡
¶Цݡ
վߵɳԣؽסȻ˵ȡԷ󽫵ĴӪ֮ã֮һ͢ʱٻò
ɳҡҡͷ˵˵طΪٻֻΪ˱ѩޣȵǸϣҾ»ɽǱ޵
һԵϼɳһ̬Ҳ¶һ˿ο
ɳϼӪ֮УʱİЪ
ȵҹӪ֮Ѿ˰ֻѲߵʿڻഫźš
˴ʱɳͻȻ۾ȻһԼ·һڱȻ˴ʡ
֮⣬ͿԶĺڰ֮վһˡ
ɳҲ޵ˣҵлǳںڰ֮кͰûʲô
һۣͷԶվŵĲˣԼĶϼ
ɳϾˣϼѾԼг̡
ǸϽǰ˼ϼһ
ֳĪʲôҪСܣ
ϼɳҡҡͷǰȥļ˵
Ȼ˲Сʲôˣһ˾ѹ˼ʮλɵľˣټķ˽Ҳһ˲õƾèĹɱǣǼֱǳΡ
ɳЦЦȻ˵
ҵĹȻ֮𣬿µЩȴ已̥ǱӪȥɱһ췭ظǲðҲǸ˧һͶ״
ϼĴ㣬һ£ƾɳɵı£ȻǸͽ棬һΣǳ¡
ǲ棬Ҳܹȫ
ϼǵɳİȫ˵
ɽ֮ǰʦһҲܹæɣҺһȥʱҲиӦ
ɳ֮ǸмȦЩ졣
ϼ̾һɳҲǰԩıӦ
һǰһĵ뿪˳͢ĴӪľӪǱȥ
ڴӪ֮һ˫۾Ķˡ
˲ˣǰָȫֵ̫ࡣ
ԭϵʱһӪ̫͵±ߵ
̫໹˲ϡ
ϾֻճɵС
ڽ̫Ĺ۲֮£ȴ˵֮ɹڲͣĶ
ʮֵȻܹԼĸ֪
ʱ̫һЩȤ
֪ڽǱӪУһ췭ظоĴ㡣
ԼܹҸһݵģҲܹ㣬͢ĴϢ֮
̫Űĸɳϼˣ뿪˴Ӫ
˵ɳϼǱĴӪΧϸĹ۲죬䱸ɭϣڰڲͣѲӣ˵ǹ
ϼЩΣƾĹҪǱԷĴӪУ治ôס
ɳȴ΢΢һЦץסϼ֮󣬴ӻȡһƣڰл˻Ρ
ƾͷųһĲƣһ˲䣬ɨɳϼ˵ϡ
˵Ⲩƿʼı䵭ʧ˺ڰ֮С
ԭöɳɽһŶ
ܹǱάά֮ļз֮Уάκһط˷֡
ɳ֮ôģҲΪⱦ˽⣬Ͳ㻹ܹԼ
˵̫࣬ɳϼӰһüȻžһεĲƣɨʧĵط
̫ȴûзκεټüͷչҲ¶Цݡ
ϾûзϼɳôǷԼߣǿҲ׷ˡ


625 Լ
ϼɳĵǱôӪ
ȻǱˣȴκεĵ
Ϊǿֻ֪Ҫһ¶㷢˵ټǿɾͲһܹӳˡ
һ·ɳǽöƣҵеķһֱӿȥ
ڴӪ֮ȥȻʧ˷
ҲֲϾмʮӪȥʮ
ҴӪ֮ڰзλפضͨ·
ûдӪͼˣӪܿľͻʧ򣬲֪Լڵķλ
ڴӪ֮ת˽һʱȻûҵһҪĴʡ
ʵû취ˣһ
ֳ˵ǽô죿ҪҼɱ˵ˡ
ϼϾǱɳ곤ԿǵҪȫ棬ɳĻæķ񶨡
ɣǽݾˣʱ˷ǿɲһеڶλᡣ
ɳȴΪȻ
ֳ㿴̫ˣǷǿЩͱҴЩҪ˵ı»һǿֵܡ
ϼһĿЦ
ֵʵ̫԰ˣȻҰѹµ㲻
ҲֲȻɳޣĵϸҲȫ˽⡣
ֵܣȻбܹΣֲͨþܹʲôıƣǵ٣ҿСһЩĺá
ɳ֮һ£ϼ˵ȷʵԼʱѾЩԴˡ
뵽֮ɳĳһ亹
ǴʲôʱʼԼȻֵزȻ㲻
ϼҲɳð亹֪Ѿļ˵
֪ܸģĪɣڻûʲôǾ͵ˣһӪҾͲŻҲһҪ졣
ɳ˳ĵ˵ͷ
վĵӪ֮ȥǸû೤ʱ䣬ͻȻͼǰߵ
һΪԼˣǸϽǱ˺ڰ֮С
˰ŷ֣ⲢǵзԼһݵ˴ﾭ
˶ϸĹƣԭǰߵһ޵Ůӣ߻żѾߡ
ɳϼ˻࿴˿Ƕ¶һ˿Цݡ
Ůһĸ󽫴Ӫеĸˡ
ⶼʲôʱˣӪе˻֣ҲԶˡ
˺˼ʱǸ߽ŮͻȻͣ˽Ų
ʱŮӵļϳһ͵Ĺޡ
ץŮӵͷСָɳϼķ
ԭŮӲǶѾ
ҲСĽ֪һغͳ͢սһδеľս
ǳ͢ڲҲʿ鲼ЩǱӪеңԼʦöѾżͽӪѲӣͷЩǰ
ҲϼɳãҪؽˣؽǵͻ淢ֲˡ
ǶѾȴľ͸ԣѧһЩ£ϵǸӤҹͿǲС
ټӤ츳ͨ쳣Ժܿľͷڽ֮ڣ˰ǱأҲõһķĲơ
Ѿվڵü¶һ˿мͻȻ֮ӻȡһѼ͵ľ˿С
ǰѼɵ֮Уӭǣžͻ⣬ϵ½
ǽɳϼ֪ԼѾˡ
Ҳϼǿڷֲ֮̾һԼıϾһѷɽ˳ֱӾӭеĹ⻪
ͨڰз˼ҵײϼͨǽĹ⻪ı顣
ҲûбҪˣϼƶԷ֮ͨɳҲһıı
ѱʶžһķ
֮ɳ䣬зŶѾһָ
ǰѱͻһֱѾͷ­
Ѿտʼĵģӭı֮ġ
ڴΣʱ̣Ѿӻȡһŷ䣬һ֣Ƿͻ˻̣֮һڰг֣˶Ѿǰ
ɳıǽ֮ڣ̾ͱûȻͣ˰ա
Ѿ¶һ˿ŭݣֻһԼϵǸӤ
ǹӤ̾ᣬһ˶Ѿļ˵ϡ
ϼѾ˶ѾķһָڰеıһԲΣֱѾڵϵĹӤ
ϼҲסԼĴ
ǽȴһ
ԭıڽӽǸӤ֮󣬾Ȼ˿Уô
ǸӤԶԶĿϼɳˣȥ
ϼɳȴоԼΧѾһֵǼܶа֡
пЩˣû뵽ССĹﾹȻܹͨסɡ
ʵҲЩˣҪ׼ĻӤ濿ǡ
ټ˵ıЩʩչӤֲ˺á
˵ЩѾˡ
վԶĶѾѾ¶Цݣ֪һӤסôǰ
ǧһ֮ʣڰ֮ͻȻһ롣
ǸѸײڶ֮ƴ˹Ӥͷ­
ֻôһ¾ͰѹӤһ
ŹӤɢϼɳǿԻˡ
ҲͣˣǲܲˣűӪ֮ɱȥ
ѾڿûˣΪ۾ڰʲô͵ϮӤ
ԶѾĵл淢ֲǸ̫࣬˰ҲûзκεĶߡ
ʱĹӤµĿʼֻۣǼָֻԭ״
ǸӤһ˶Ѿļ֮ϣȻץŶѾͷʼίġӡ
ǶѾҲ֪ίıȻԱߵһǷʬȥ
ǽʬǰһžͿʼ
Ҫ˵⽩ʬȷʵǶ˵ζǳܿģͷһ޵Ϣ
Ѿǽʬڿ˵ͨϾ֪˽ʬĸӦŴӻȡһѼ͵ؾȥ
һضѾȫʩչոһ뿪֣Ϳ
ڤŹ뼱飬ĸ٣ƺӽʼ÷׷鲻飬ʦаʹһ϶ǡǣ̫Ͼ
ڰеļͻȻų˹ڹ֮г
ڰлţȻ͵Ĵ¡
άռе̫࣬ȴȻάռ䣬ȻӰ죬Ȼƶֺ
ǰеȻ͸άάϣֱӾȥ


626 Ӷ
άռе̫࣬ѾάռƵҲҲ¶˾֮ɫ
رһ̫࣬ǰȫĲͬ
ֻϷ޵Ľ⣬һͣ˸
Ⲩ޾άȡ
̫֪ãﲻٴǣȫĶԼϵķ
ֻһķʼӡ
ۿ̫ͿʼĻֻҪһʱ̣
ϵĽȴûиֻѾάռ䣬ţͷ̫
̫࿴ŴĽԼϱࡣ
̫ҲǶĵɣȻһЩѹ׵ĹΣʱ̣Ȼŭǲš
ֻһ촽ûκεĿϣǾһĿз
Ϸ棬׵۱ͷ־ĿűۼϼţаΡаħ׽Ǭš
ɲˣһвκεЧеĸ˳Ĭʮ飬
ǡɽ䡱
־Ϳ֪Ƿɽֵ
˷ɽǶԻ̣ͷűۣ۵ͻͨ˵ͬʱҲϣܴŽ٣ӻã׽аħ
һ£׽ɽֵͨ
һܷЩɽֵԣ׽á
ڸղŵʱ̫һ۾ͿˣǽԼϸһԡ
Ҳ̫Ѿάռ䣬Լƶֺ
̫辶ɽ䣬ҪȫסԱԼӵ
ȻǿҪĽԼڰͣһ£ڽԼϸŵԣʼıýӲ
ҲǵλλoȻⷽ磬ܹ£ǱϾԼԸŵԷǳϡ٣ɽ˹
ڵλ棬ƾԼϸŵԣǵɵĸˣҲһܹɵ
Աѹ̫ܹˣֻһξѾȥ˼ʮɡ
ʱԼ
ն֮УȻ󻯳˵ʧ
̫άռ֮УĿ˶ѾһۣҲٵһ˲ʧ
ѾȻѾڸӦ֮Уû˵зټȴûκεĵ
ȻĹ۲ܣͬʱԵĽʬзټ
ֱһҲзжŷġ
ŷ֣ʱڴӪ֮ѾǺɱ֮졣
ԭղѵϼɳûԭȵʱϢĳ룬ǣűĵɱ˴Ӫ
һ¿ɰѶѾˣ˵СȻѾˣϿӪȻҴӪ֮к֣ȻǾǲá
뵽ʱ򣬶ѾԱߵǽʬһۡ
ǽʬ̾˶Ѿ˼ֻżһأȻͻһ̣ʧ
ʱɳϼȻǳűڴӪ֮вͣĳɱ
⵹Ϣĳ룬ʵǰ첻ˡ
ԭڶѾһֵʱķ̾;ͽơ
ʲôˣֻһųͽӪһ顣
Ͼ˴Ӫ֮зʲô顣
ҪְѾԸ̫࣬ǵȵѾųԼʱŷڶѾǰΪͬ
ŷĹͨ޾λеصĴڡ
˲˼ǣλصĴĽһ顣
Ȼ˵ǳϡ٣ǳĸߣķҲֻʯ
һˣƾԣɱ̫࣬Ҳܰˡ
ˣŰԼͷеҪӳӪСϡ
Ҫ˵ǿεĸָ֣ʾ۾һɨ֪ΪʲôܹϢشԼĴӪ
ԵĽƣʱѾ룬׼ӪȥѾ
ȴְס˼
˲صģѾûʲôΣա
һϾˣҪһ¶Ѿ
һЦ
ѾҲöһˣһֱʦֵıӻ֮£ûʲôţôܹΣ
˵һ£Ȼ˵ȻҾʰС
֪ôͶ˳֣ҵֶΡ
˵仰֮
ʼУ¾ХףаնΧƣա׳ң
꣬ڴӪϿ̾һˮ
ˮ֮еơ
ЩµСһ˺
ǶڰɳϼȴǴ⣬һɳǱŵĲ֮ϡ
ֻǼĹųĲƣ㱻޾ɢ
ɳϼҲɣҲܹƾ뿪
֪˵뷨һȻ˸Ŀռ䡣
˵ͨȻʩչ
ɳϼʵûа취ˣֻǳűһһɱӪ
㻹˵ȻʩչͨǵĽҲȷʵЩСɷǼûһϵĶ֡
˿ҪɱӪʱͻȻ֮ǰһӰϼ͸оڲһ粻ơ
Ҫ֪ϼڽϴЩģķɳҪǿࡣ
һеԱжϮ֪̾ãȻ͵Աһˡ
һ²ǿ㿪˰е͵Ϯ
ԱߵɳɼԼĶֵ˵̾ˣ͵Ϯ
еıڰ֮лһߣһطȥ
ʱѾһνӽϼǾ߽ʬҲоɳбĲ
Ӳӣһأ˳ȥʮס
ɳڱǽʬ֮۾ɨһǱϼ
֣ô
ϼӵһĭȻ˵ץס϶ˣҲûʲô󰭡
˵⹦ǽʬһһԾֱϼ
ϼǽʬһˣֱ֡
˵⽩ʬô׼ˣԱ߲ǻվһ
Ȼ룬ϵĹȴֻеıһ̾ǰ˵ĺǡ
ǽʬԴӱѾһ˿ԣҲԭֻ֪ӲӲ
ǰ˸æԱһͶ㿪ϼеı
ɳҲֵıҪǰæûж֣ЩСһŵǹˡ
ǰԼܹʩչͨЩСֻһȺϣɳͲϡ
Լͨ񱻷ˣҲֱֳֻϼŲΪֵЩСĹҲڲְϼˡ


627 
ӪԶһСɽϣ̫ɫվ
ղȻöˡ
Ѿʶóʱˣϸ˵˽һ
ղźԼǸСѾͷڸʶʱֻǳͨһͨˣŶ೤ʱ侹ȻܱƵԼǱ
̫ԽԽòԾ
СѾͷ츳ҲڼĹʹﵽɵľ磬ܹԽԼ
̫಻ɵ̧ͷ˿졣
ʱһֲõԤдͷ
ѵԼ֪ı仯
ֻĻƾԼ޵˽⣬Ҳܹ˳Ӧʱ
¾£ѾѡĻԼôҲ޷س͢ˡ
̫࣬ԽԽ£۹ҲһͶĴӪҧгݡ
ʱӪеɳϼѾЩֲסˡ
ͨĻȻܹƾڵķڴӪ֮ݺᡣ
ڷֻͨܿԼڼʮ֮д
ǾˣҲֲ˶೤ʱѽ
οǵԻһ߽ʬͣ͵ϮԹ˲Ͼ
ۿ˾ҪΣʱɳ֪ܹڵˣĻ˾Ҫˡ
¶һ˿źȻӻȡһҡ
ɽĹŶá
ƮƮģʵһʩչͻ֮һ
һŵ̾ͻ겻ܿľͻ⡣
ⶫֻһĶʵɳҲ͵͵һأֻҪһʩչǵҲӲ³
ҲһǾ֮дζޣܹ޵ʩչ
ɳõⶫʱ̲صζѾˣһ飬ڻܹʩչһء
ŸõģڿȲǸʱˣȱסԼҪ
ֻɳе׵˿У֮з
еҿʼת֮󣬾һɵɫĹâ˸
žһɫ͵شҿ˳
ٶȷǳ죬ֻգۼĹɳ⼸׵ľ롣
Щʿǻ֪ζſе㣬¶һ˿ײ΢Ц
žͲĵ˵ϣȻû˺
ڴе㣬Ѿ
һȻЩŭ
û뵽ԼѾӡɳķȻܹʩչĴ
뵽ʱ͵һԾֱɳķȥˡ
ɳϼûԱʿĸţȫĶԸǽʬ
սˣۿľҪ˳ĴӪ
ʱڵķҲʼĻԾ
ɳϼ˻࿴һۣж¶˾ϲ֮ɫ
ȥֻҪټһʱ̣ǵķܹʩչĶ
ҲʱǵϿա
ֻһıǰ񽣱ʶֱɳɵͷ­
Ҫ˵ɳЩȷʵ˿๦Ȼ˵ʱ̣ǲ֪ʲôҩǶĿ
ǰ񽣻ûнӽɳʮɾ룬˸Ӧ
ֻɳеıһӡ
áॡһеķɽͷײһ
޴ĳɳײģ߰˲
ʱйԶƣֻڰ֮ǰٴһ
Ѱе񽣻һȦģͻȻǷŴһֱɳɡ
ɳɫŰˣڷȻ˵ǻָһЩҪʹɽ»ûǸ͡
ɳȻ˵Ǻ£ȴɿתţֻͻȻɫ¶һ˿ľϲʲô취
ֻɳڵһ
Ͼͷųһ⣬֮ڣɳ뵽֮С
ǰѷɽʱôɳϿջյɳɱܹ٣
ɳӰüͷһξ˵ϡ
ոյվȣڲԶͻȻðɳ
ֻոմӵðһңſ˼¡
ŵһ㣬㲻ķ˾裬ͬʱһ̰Ҫſе㡣
վԶɳѾʧȥǣ̾ʹϲűҪȥҪ
ʱѾǽʬϼȴһץɳ־Ӫ֮ⱼȥ
ɳϴĲԸ⣬òһѩ޵Ļᣬôô׷
֣ΪΣ
־ϼһץɳӣһƲһۣȻ˵
ǶѾɢȥ˺ܶ࣬ڵǵ˲˶Է־ЩƮ
Ʈһ˲䣬ҾҪ
ϼҡҡͷȻҲĻͷһۣȻε˵
ûзԶһŮ𣿡
ɳһ
־ϼɳѾӦһͺɳԻ۾
ǻûӳԶľ룬ں߾׷˽ơ
ԭһֱ͵͵ĸߣͻȻķ㱻ԣоһ
ܿģͷڵķھҵĲųֵеĶ
žһ˿˿ĺıǿ֮˳
Щ۾
۾֮ĴһԵĽ¶һ΢Ц
һʱ⣬˶Էĵ
ƸϽǰȥס㡣
ôˣ
µ˵㶾ѲסңѾûʲôˡ
ƽӵ㣬ôҲͷ
Ȼû¾ͻغӪϢȥɣȥС׷
ĵ˵ͷ֮תȥƽȵȥ
Ƽȷʵû£ȫķģ֮żƮ˰գֱӳӪеɳϼ׷ȥ
ȴߵúֱƲӰŴһκûˤ
ԭղֵĶ˵Ѿ⡣
кܴһֶǱأǿʱĽЩȫסѾ־ڵˡ
ʱһĺ¡
ҪǰԼɳֱôͻȻϮŨҵĶ굽ԼڣԼûʱѹѾ⡣
үվԼһߵġ
뵽֮Ƶ߻ԼĴʣ֮ڴȫ˶񹦣ʼųڵĶ
˵ʱ׷ӪĽƣٶȼ죬ܿľѾ׷ܵɳϼ
϶¶һ˿ľ
ڽҲһ˿˽ģ֪ǰ̵ķĸĵɡ
ƾڻûлָһķҪ˶ԵУֱǳΡ
Ѿ׷ǵĽƣҲûжϻֱӵľһ֣һذ׾ʹз˳ȥ
ϼǱɳһЩҲȶֻ͵һɳƳ˼ʮ֮һеıȥֵǷذס


628 ܻ
ϼڵסƵذ֮󣬻ͷɳߣɽȥʦΪұ𡣡
ɳΣϼݺݵҧһ촽֮¶ģԶӴܶȥ
ƿԶȥɳһü
СȻͷỴ̂Լɷ򣬾ˡ
뵽֮󣬽һ־еذףסϼ
һִֻӻһͣͳһֻɫʨӡ
֮ƶɳߵķ򣬽ʨ˳ȥ
ֻƽ͵ʨһأ̾˸һ⣬ⰵȥ֮ڵѾһֵֻĽʨӡ
ǽʨһ¶Σ֪ԼĿſһһԶɳ׷ȥ
ϼһϾͼˣҪɫʨ׷ɳĻƾèĹ򣬿¾ûˡ
æĴ߶Լڰе񽣣ǰ̻Ҫʱı˽ơ
ǽôöԸģֻǵذ֮شֻǼµĹͽϼ񽣸סˡ
ϼ龰ֻüϥĽϥϡ
֮һ߿ϵķɽסذףһ߿дʡ
ɿߵ硣ʹ֪˼ͣɱɱɱ
ϼʩչǡԪеķɽ
ŽдԳͷɽ֣зɽרǽʩչ
Žǣнδ֪֮һĿȻӦͨȨ˽ˣ˺ȣ˵ҸߣңֱҺᣬҷдˣ
һ콣
˵Եģ˵ϼ꣬⽣֮У̾ͷɳһ⡣
ƽǽϼ֮񽣵Ľڼ
˵һһⶫҲ񶯵ʮ๦һ
ѾҪʱҲ˲Щˡ
ֻϼָϻһ£ǵľԡ
ڰеĽƣҲǳһ
ϼǺʣ
ȻܽɽһŽƾŹпҲһĸˡ
ȻʶƶԷͨҲҵ
ֻӻͳ˼ö죬֮͵һףܣһԵĹӡ
ڵϵϼʱĽѾ׼ɣֻһԼ־ееĽϡ
Ž̾ҵ˷֮󻯳һ⣬ֱơ
ǽѾ˷ֻĿŽ
źϼĽܿľ뵽Ƶ֮ڡ
ŽһϴŵͿʼɢ
ŽǳۣĺģȻ˸һĺǲûܵʲôš
վĽƼ龰Ҳһ¡
Ҫֵ֪ıеķֻͨҪһ֮ڣ̾ͻᱻų⣬ֻʣԵ
ǣŽͲܵĿơ
ŽĿҲǶվأֻһΣ̾Ա߷ɳȥ˼ʮɡ
ŽȻŽƵƶһοٵ
ֻڿзɶǽĹ
˵׷ɳȥĽʨֻǼ䣬Ѿ׷˷ɳȥʮɳɡ
ɳǰϵıùˣʩչҲֻŵǰˡ
ⱦؽɵʱʦ͡
ɽڷ˵˵УΪֻͨ
ϾֻǸոյİʦһǿϼķϣʦҲûжٸ飬һͰķ͸
ɳǰѱʶ̷ֱĽʨӡ
ǽʨӶѵŵıǿȻǱײ˹ȥ
֮һ죬žǽ
촦ɳ͸оԼһľʹ
ԭɶɽҪĺͷɽںϣ˵ѷɽһ塣
ڷɽ飬ɳ걻ɢһ֣ܲʹķΣ
֮£ɳҲ־ᶨȻҧӻһȡöƣ֮ڿл˻Σαʧ
ǽʨڻɳɵķɽ֮һɳʧĵط
ҡͷҵĹ۲죬¶ã
ʨȻζ֮¿ǣҪ˵ǻж߰ǲܵġ
ڶɳͻȻʧҲҲЩסˡ
ɳԼıѾƭ˽ʨӣһ֮󣬱㿪ʼԶȥ
⵹ɳϿ뿪ֻΪһٶȿ˾ͻ¶ߡ
ΪԼС룬ֻǰԶǽʨӡ
ʨ˰ҲûɳټЩˡ
ֻֻ̧ͷŰվͳһ
ӽŰеĿ鳲һγһУѸٵʨӵĿС
֮һ޴ĺʹӽʨӵд˳ȥ
ǳۺγһɿӡ
ûӳԶɳһӾͱɨС
ڵɳˣҷþһɨ̾ͻ˻ΣеҲЩղס
ôһεĹԶǽʨӾͷɳټ֮һһţɳȥ
ɳҲ˲¶ˣһǿض˽ʨӵ˻
ǽûеɳվȣʨӵǰצѾɳĲ
ɳǶҲҶ
ǽʨӺҲõ˵ԲûҪɳſ˴һӾ͵סɳĲӡ
ɳֻоһĴʹоһΪԼ¾Ҫɥˡ
ǽŷǽʨӲûмþǽ֮ķɱȥ
һĹǽʨӾ»صϼͽƼ֮
Ȼڰ֮صƮǰѷɽ
ҲʱϼѾԶȥĽʨӾȻ»ˣϻʲôˡ
ϼȻûп˵òǴϿ֪ɳ׽ˡ
һϼȫ͸ˡ
ںϷ磬ʵѾþȫˡ
Ҫ֪һʩչǵֻﲻֺܶȫǵ
⽣ʮֺķǡ
ôһϼѾоԼѾƣᡣ
ڿɳҲ׽ˣҲֲĻ䡣
˴ʱϼҲûභ֮ģǰѷɽʧȥϼĿƣ̾ڰ֮ͣһ֮µϼȥȻû뵽ϥϵĽ֮С
ʱĽһЦ
ղǰѷɽȷʵǽһ۾ͿҪʹķţɲϼ˵ܹ쵽ġ
ǿܹʹŷҲҲѸٵǲķ
ڿԼȷģϼѾûʹ⽣ˡ
ţ͵һ֣оƮһŨҵ
һһϼץȥ


629 սʼ
ɵľ֣ۿҪץסϼʱԶͻȻһ롣
ٶȼ죬ֱơ
һԱһ㣬һһǰ
ǽڽ֮ϣڽǽϣһĲ
ҲʱһϼϣϼľԶȥ
ȵƻǽвȥϼʱѾɳȥһˡ
Ӹղ͵ϮǸ̫ಢûԶڸһֱڼԼڿϼΣų
ֻǺ޺޵һţû׷ΪԼ̫Ķ֣׷ȥҲȡ衣
ȻϼˣɳȴԼУȥ֮ҲǸԼ๫и
뵽֮󣬽Զǽʨӿ˿ʨӷֽƵ۹⿴Լҡͷβ˹
ƿ˿ʨӿеŵɳɳ۽գңѾԼˡ
΢΢һЦҲ˵֮¾һɫƲʣԼֻʨӣӪȥ
ȻصӪ֮󣬷ָղŵĻѾƽϢ·ڰ࣬ղŵǴ͵ϮҲ¡
ƵƲоʸ
һмʿҴҵ˹
ˣ˧֮ȥ
Ƶ˵ͷЩʿСоʣ֮һ˽ȥ
̧֮ͷһֻ΢Цм䣬ء
һˣûվӭӣǾ֡
ǽҲֻСԣĴüϣȻСʵ
ôˣ
һʣ;öһס
ΪԼε÷ǳãû뵽Ȼƿˡ
¶һЦ
ǻ档
һЦȻͷ֮˵ѾЩˣҪС͸ǻʲôޣ
˵˵⻰ʱ򣬽¶һ˿Цݣ֮Ľ§ԼĻС
ƿһСƢĺӣֻԼİݡ
ڽƵĻУ¶һ˿Ц֮ͲˣֻǾطƬ̵İ
ֱڶϣŻָ֮֮˱һСڵɳ
ڵɳѾĻҰףͷѾһ룬һ϶ĴǷǳ޴ģѾң־
㿴ɳҲεҡҡͷû뵽˱ѾȻֵⷬز
֣ղ㻹ðɣ
ɳ̧ͷ¶һ˿ĲⲨк޾ʹޡ
㻹ңûΪСٻĿȵ㱨𡣡
ü㻹ŲǼҪ֪ҿΪãϾһʱ䳤ˣ
ɳݺݵĵһ֮󣬾ͱ۾Ҳ˵
̾һת뿪С
ԵĽĵʵôã
ɫȻôķˣȥɡ
Ƶ˵ͷ˼֮ԱߵѾʹ˸ɫ
ǸѾĵ˵ͷ뿪˽ǣ½С
һǸѾ߾³ˣŽƵ˵ͷ
ҲѾߵĶĳһ㵱ȵ뿪ˣֱоʡ
ټڽһӪҪĳ͢һս
Ҳɳж̼ˡ
رԼ˶̣һɥȪ㿴Ƿǳ޴ơ
һԭѾӵ߱ʡѾʼپʱ׼¡
ȻѾɥʧڵıոټġ
ǱϾʮˣҪǲСĽĻԼĻᱻԷ롣
⣬ҪٵĽǰⲿֵˣ֮󣬷ֳһ־ǰϵֵ
ĴӪ֮еڽӵСʮѾڴӪǰ
ӵϢ֮ʹһսҪ֪µʿܴһֶģֻǼľӪ
ҪǳӪͶԷһս²Ķ֡
˾鷳ǣ̫ͨһǰʩչǷصͨԼĴһӾͻᱻҡ
ʱ򣬼ʮͻᱻԷȫߣǸʱ򣬴߾Ǿһƽûκεյֵܹסˡ
룬̾ȫ䱸ǲɳս
ǰпƣһֱ˽ʱҲԷʲô
ˣҪԼѽȻֻǻӾˡ
ȻԷܵĴկʧһЩΪȡʱ䣬ʧҲֻҧˡ
뵽֮˻е졣
Ĵ㿪ʼװǰһ͢ĴӪӽ
ڿӪһ֮صĵطͣںߵĹֿʼż
ǰĵҲǸ߸ߵľ˶ơ
ʱڳ͢Ӫ֮Ҳһļ֮꣬лľʯһ
ʱߵţǺź;޹ģʼҵ
ڴߴٴϽǰ
ΪȷԽսҲʾűʼ͢Ӫȥ
ǸոսӽзӪ׼ƽӪǰĺʱ߾Ϳʼһ˳
Щǰţÿһֻм׳
һֻȥǺ«һɱʮʿ
ǳǲޱȡ
ǼʹҲûһ˺ˣЩԽĴºܿľƽ˵зӪǰĺ֮ͷӵկǽ֮¡
ʧ͸ӲˣܿԽЩ˾ͱһ˵֮ǰ
ڴߵ龰оһŭ
ȥܹƶԷĴӪԼ⼸ʮҲʣ¶ˡ
֮ԻΪҲǶ̣ټḻӪӪĺһСһ
վԵĽҲһü֮󣬴ӻȡ˽ʨӣȻ͵һס
ֻʨ֮󣬾ͻһɳĻֵĽɫʨӡ
ʨӺҲЩԣֻ֮һɨ֪˵˫֮ҲýָӣһֱԷĴӪ
ʱڶԷĴӪ֮һ⣬֮УһŽɫҫ
֮Ӿһ˷ɱĽʨӡ
ǽʨںҪӽʱ򣬺˸ӦæԱһ㣬ǳļɵ
Ǻٶ̫ˣܹ˵ġ
Ǻֻ΢ıһ·򣬾˽ʨӵĶͷ
ǽʦ̱ķ˼ȵվʱϲһ޵ơ
ԶĽƿԼıˣҲҴǿӲǿǽʨһ֡
ǽʨ̾ͻһ⣬ȥ
ǵȴģ׷ŽʨĽҲһˡ


630 
ԷɱԼǵ⣬Ҳһ
֪ǽʨӵټôʱļǼѾǷ̥ı仯
ǾĽʨӣȻֻһ棬ͱǱӡ
ȻǾǽҲ㷨׼ֵӭϮ
ֻϷһ׹⣬Щ׹һʼǰɨ˹ȥˡ
ʱǸʨǰİ׹֮С
ǵǵİ׹ֻɨǽʨһ£㲻ˡ
ǽķźĽɫӣһ׹֮У̾ͣһ£Ǳ׹˿С
ԭ׹ⲢԵģǽռ֮ɵ
һ½ƽЩռԼڣڱҪʱ򣬿԰Լķһo
ڽƼɵǽǰʩչŷЩչԼǰγһĵطҪ⣬Ȼȥ
ȴǳ
ֻ΢ͣһ£㴩͸ɵ򣬽žͱȥˡ
ǵһʼƾһΪоǵ˵ȫƿ
ÿǰƶһ֣оԼڷɿģҪֵסǰȴΪ
һüһҧ͵һͷ˼ı仯
ֻ巺һĽ⣬ȻʼɿŤֻǼĹͱ˹ģ
ֻһûüٻӢ飬ֻһտӣвйķ
ʱݼҲмٻķǵһЩķһͰԼѹ䶥Ĺȫʹ˳
ֻϷһ⣬Щ͵ӡ
֮Уиֵͽϵһ֮̾ս֮ϷٵĴ
ʱеǽɫѾ˽ƵǰֻɹĽƣ̧͵ؾȥ
ǽȴԤϵȣһӴֻӵʱ򣬾͸оɽѹ˹
ѹɲһɵֵܹġ
в͵һܣҪйȥЩǻЩˡ
ֻá顱һƾͱȥʮɣ֮ھ͸оһʹȻһѪʹӺ˳
ֻɫֻͣһ£֮ٴλͶȥ
ڽвʱԱͻȻһֻ˳ֻһӾסֻɫӣϵĺȫѹȥ
ʹҲľ֮ص
ÿһ£־͵һ֣ۿľ־Ҫɢ
ʱԶַһ񽣣ѽϵһĵ⣬֮лһ˿˿Ľҫ
ľֵһ˲䣬Ҳˡ
ڰ˸š
ûо޴죬ǺǱճ˰֮Ум京мʮûнӴ
룬һͽڲͣĽ棬ڰ֮в
ʱҲջͨ»ָԭ״֮͵ľһƬȥˡ
ڽƸո˲ԶڰУڷֳʤ
ǰ񽣾ȻѷһȻһӾ͸˳ȥ֮˵ϣϵȫռ񣬻һֻ
Զ񽣿˵ͨһ͸оһǻջǡ
ֻ֮ڰ֮дһȦȻֱǸȥˡ
ɫ࣬û뵽ԷӪ֮лı
ֻܴӻȡľ⡣
²ǽӵĶ֣ΪԼ룬ҲֻƸˡ
ӵ
ᾰױơǰ׹ķ̫һ̣ʹױӦɨа
ɲǰ䣬ֻٻ׵磬䡣
ٻ֮ͥײǰ
˵ǾӦԪջ񣬲Υ
ҲǼˣֱӾľ⹵ͨ죬Ҫٻ
˵ǳ٣ǿ죬ոǵɫѾǰ
ڰеľҲų˵׹⵲ǰʱסǽɫӡ
ʱƣӻǰľ⾹ȻžžۿžҪ顣
ãʱãֻս֮ͻȻܲʶά֮ѹ
Щʶһѣ̾ͻһĺ⣬ֱλ
Щ־Ľ٣ս֮ϵļʮˣоһĿ־塣
֮λͬѹ
ֻɫʱҲܵѹƣȻ޷ǰֺˡ
ʱڳ͢ĺӪ֮Уһ̫Ѿɫ࣬ǰһѪ
ԭɫ̫ͷŵġ
ɫǸ̫ǰһʱá
ǸܹٵˣԭҲ̫ѡ
Ǹڱɱ̵̫֮ھ֮е
ͬʱ˵ľѪⱦԡ
ԭⱦһ˺̫ʱ͸¶ġ
˲֪ⱦֻǵһ̫չʾһ¡
̫ȴһ۾ͿⱦĲǰļͷ
һ̵͵
ʱĶҲûʧʾܡ
ûнɫȫɣһȫӵÿһһ൱һǧ׸߷ȫһ
ǼʹСţҲһߴ޲ߡ
Ϊƾⱦܽͽȫɱû뵽֮˾ҵı仯
һ޾ǿѪ
ʱվǰ㿴ǽɫӱס¶һ˿΢Цǰһ˫ֱȭغ
лλ񣬽ħ
ĺϹҲʼһ
֮Уһ֮
Щɺǰͬǹĵһ
Щϵһ͢һĴӪȥ
;ʱڳ͢Ӫ֮Ƿһ⣬Щһһһ֮ϡ
ԭ̫б䣬æԼȫĽ䡣
ֻΪ̫൲һ£㱻ϵơ
̫ҲǼڷų֮Ѿܳ⣬֮αʧά֮УԶȥ
ϧ̫Ȼͨ󣬵Ǳ
ֻ֮ϣһֻo
o̫಻ˣޱ飬ֻ۷ų⣬ֱӾ֮С
λoǷʲôȻ̧еһӣһ¡
֮⾵оͷųһɫĵ⣬ֻʵһ˲䣬ʧ
ǵάάĽ֮ѾӴܳԶ̫ϡ
̫һĻûУͱ˺֮̿󣬴ӽ紦άռ䡣
ǰ㿴ǰ֮һɫĶӿռз˳֮Զ


631 ʤ
ڰУѾǴĽ̿ʬ塣
ֻһɨ̫ʬˡ
ǳģһ̫ãλԼ͢ɨһϰ
ڻһҪ죬ǾǽʥϿߡ
Ͼôһ仰ѡ
뵽֮ʩϽٴ䡣
񣬽ؿ·У鱾УʥͥзΪ󣬼ٽ٣Ԫʦаħ˲Ρ
һ֮ڣҲһⷨʮֵޡ
ôǿһ㹴ķһӾͰݵλλoС
Щĳ֣ҲʼųЩo
ЩoҲԹԵһһ˻ȥ
ȵɢȥ̫ʱǰķ
㻹Ǹ˵Щ̫ˡ
֣ҪסϮԼĽɫʱǱͻȻʼ٣üϮȥ
ãʱͷϵľⲢûбֻһ⻪磬ٲһ£õסǽɫı顣
ҲһĻᣬԾ˼˳˽ɵľ룬Ÿͣ½Ų
һüͷϵ亹֮ϸĹ۲ֻ顣
ֻֻ飬ûΪ̫ϵĹâ
ղʱݷֻΪʥڣѾû˱ˣⱦҪƳ㡣
㿴֮󣬰ĵ˵ͷֲⱦ̫ܷ֮Ϯԭ̫ѾԼһ˿뵽ⱦ֮С
̫뽫ⱦ飬Լ⻯ĸ
Һû̫ɹˣĻƾⱦټ̫ķ㲻ɾɣû취
Ҫǣʱ̫ͺλһ˿ϵ¾ʥˣҲܽˡ
Ҫɱ̫࣬ʥҲûа취ֵģϾǵһһ˿еˣҲήһ˿ӵġ
ⱦĵϸ֮㷴һ
;̫ཫһ˿뵽֮Уܶöٷأ
뵽֮һǰеḻ̌˸Ӿ˵ĵ⡣
һǳ۾һͣǱȥ
տʼʱǱ黹⣬ҪǿдЩ׷ɱ㡣
ʱƣⱦٶԽԽȻ֮Уö
΢΢һЦһȥҪסǱ顣
Ǿ֣ϾҪǱʱǱ龹Ȼųһ⻪һԶȥ
е̫꣬ҲԼֻһһ˿л꣬κβǰ㣬Ҫʱ뿪Ժٱ
ⱦٶȿ죬ٶȱⱦ黹졣
ֻֻͨһǱǰ֮־Ƕš
ǱѾǰ浲ŵ㣬Ѿתģ˲òԼͶ֮ڡ
һסⱦ֮󣬴ӻȡķͷΣһס
ֻͷ̾ͻһˣǰ档
˺˼һͣ̾ʹһɫĻ档
ʱ㣬Ҳðչˣӱ¶˻֮С
ӱϵķסѾֺܶǻҲϣʼű顣
Żȼգⱦ鿪ʼųһḷ́ޣƮ޼ʡ
֮лһ˿ȳ
ף̫̾ѾжֻҪԼӰѾ̫
ʱⱦдһ˿
ʦ
ǳϤǸ̫ĸ
ڿɲŻɽ˶ǲǡ
˼ΣûлӦҲЩˣĽ̽е
ʦֻҪҲл֮ҾͰѳܾ͢ϡ
仰ЩĶˣͷһ룬ƾԼͨȫɣûбҪ
Ϊ֪֪̫
뷨֮ɴĿ񣬲ⲻͣӱд
Ǹտʼģ˺ѾɱģǾͿʼͣ͸ֵ䡣
ЩõģʱƣԽԽСù⻬ãҲûһ˿ʡ
˴ʱһνⱦ͵ǰϸĹۿ
Ȼⱦڱ÷ǳ峺һȪˮ
㲢ûеģʼһ
ǧ磬аҳзɨǧаʴͭնǿ˲ߣӹ׻ǰʦӵߣѺɽȥ󣬻ܣ̫Ͼ뷡
ɽ̫Ҵ̣̫ʦħɱа顣
ںǰֻ±룬Ѿһ뱻һռݣҲԳ
Ĳ޾άȵλ֮Уһλoѹ֮һͻ޾λ棬ǰ
ɽĳλʦ꣬Ѿѡ
һеı֮ɨһ¡
ֻôһ£֮дһĲҽС
¶һ˿΢Ц
ҿԼʱ䳤ˣҲѧˣĻ¾ͱϼһŪȥˡ
ֹһȷⱦ֮Ѿû̫꣬Žⱦصķ뻳С
ⱦ˵һĲ䣬֮ħǻԼ⻯Ƕ㼫
˱飬ٴסͨʼصս֮ϡ
ʱսϣҲٴοʼ˼ҵɱ
ڽٴǱ죬ʹԼһľ±õǹ롣
ټϸղŵɴս֮УԿԿԼһĴѾˣԳ͢һ˵ʿ䡣
ǰȥٽսҲ˶ˡ
ҺկǽأҪƽԭ֮ϣѾˡ
Ҳֲ˶೤ʱ䡣
ȻûΪѹյһݡ
Щ͢ʿһˣ̾û˽ս֮ģеĻֱ±ȥ
ֻǰԼױȥ䵱սӣ˭ҪҺ˾һ
ʹҲ赲ԽԽӱЩӱŵǹҺĶսӽսˡ
˴ʱ֪Ҳ赲˰ˣҪٲߣԼҲҪˡ
ʩչһ̾ͲӰ
ȵͽǴŴɱ͸˳͢Ĵսʱ򣬲ŷˡ
ͽƲû⣬ΪһǿʵʵڵĴʤ
Ƿ²нʮˡ
ټϱɱѾ˱һʿģ³͢ĴѾʧ˽ʮ
ڴﵽܵ·Ͽ˵һƬ̹;ѾûжپӰˡ


632 ı
ս֮󣬼©֮㣬ããɥ֮Ȯ
һͳ˧ʮԪ˧˵˵ʮֵǱˡ
ڿɹ˲ЩˣǸϽؾȥҪ
ļʮţС·ɽ£ʮ죬Żص˾ǡ
ǾǸ߸ߵĳ¥֮ӯ
ΪԼҪˣû뵽ܻû
һգ̫඼ѾɥˣĿ죬ǰˣҲķ²Ӫˡ
п֮ǸϽŶȥոߵſھͱ˸סˡ
Ҳ˼سʿЩڣͽлûʲô𣬿иĵǹһͲʲôˡ
ҪǲסǽĳǣһҪʲô£سǵʿɵΡ
ƽͣȡԼƣʿǵ˾
ڿ֮󣬾֪ãæſڣţָ֮Ի˼·ǰ濪·͵˻ʹǰ

ʱ˳»ʵڴ֮ʱ
ϾǰĴսɹϵĽɽҪһʤˣôܹҪǰ˿ĽɽͲˡ
ڴ׵һֱ͵ۿԼĻүү
˳»ʵʵһƪֱ˰ʱҲûһȥ
æĴԱȡһ裬Сĵķ˳»ʵ۵鰸ǰ
үүȱ˳˳ɡ
˳»ʵľګĽӹ豭һ
˵ǰ᲻ʲôѽܾЩƤһֱ
΢΢һ£Ȼ˵
үү赣ģ϶ǰټǼֵܹס㡣
ҲԼжϣΪܹûжϣܹ֣ܹ쵽ġ
˳»ʵ۵˰οһüͷ̾һ̧ͷ˿ԱߵȻε˵ҲǰնȴȺ¡Ļô̥𣿡
˵仰֮˳»ʵ۵ɫӵĲÿˡ
վһԵҲ̾һҲ֪Լ˵ʲô
ʱһС̫Ҵҵ
ү
˳»ʵһ仰ϾͼվϾʲôһӾ̱˱֮ϡ
վԱߵҲͷۻ
̬֮Ϊǿ֪Ϊ˧ǲ뿪ġ
ھȻصǣôֻһܣǾǼʮѾˡ
ã˳»ʵ۱Ͼʮ꣬ǿĳһȻεĶ±˵
ūŽػ
һһǱ͵ײײĽ˴
֮̾͹ڵأͣϿͷһ仰Ҳûˡ
ϱߵ˳»ʵۣѾнеһҲɢˡ
˵˵ɣô£
Ľս飬˳»ʵһһʮ˵һ顣
˳»ʵ֮ڱ֮ϣ
ΪѾԤԼҵĽɽҪ߸ˡ
վԱߵȴôǰĻ۾תһ£ͻȻһ취
үүƴ󣬿²ǣµҲǷǳľ裬ǲ緢گ
˳»ʵ֮Ƿɿת
⵹һʱά־İ취
˵ˣЩԼôԼʵ۵Ļ
Щּ𣿡
ŵػشǰЩȻǵӵԷ硣ϾҪ򵽾ˣҪٲжͻᱻ㳹ѹơ
˳»ʵ۵ǵ˼ʮʵ۵ģֻôһѣеĵ
ֻ˳»ʵ͵شӱվȻ˼͵Ļͷĵ˵ͷ
ţԼӹȻǳϢˡ
Ҳ۾ת
Ҳ˼ղİ취һȫ֮ߡ
ϧʱˣҪڴս֮ǰҲܹѹƻȥ
ڵѾƴ󣬼ʮϾҪ򾩳ǽµͬ㼯Ҳһʱ䡣
ټϸ·;ңԶԶˮⲻ˽ˡ
Ψһܹʱסİ취ھǺ֣ʵ̫ΣˣƾͨǵЩҪֵס㣬²ôʵ
Ȼô룬ȴҰѿеĻ˵ΪոɥʦҪ˵Υ˳»ʵ۵Ļ̾ҪԴ
ΪѾˡ
͢ǱסˣɨѾǶˣôԼҪ뱣סҪµͶ״ˡ
ϱߵ˳»ʵۺ̸Ȼ죬û뵽±ſ͢Ѿ˱˼
˳»ʵۺһеİ취
ɳʹߣǰʡǰ
˳»ʵۿµĵֻ꣬Ǵż͸ҶҪԼ˶ڣ̫ͨ»򵽾ˡ
Ϊ˳»ʵ۶ǷǳӡΪֻҪܹʱֵס㡣
ҪǰôǾͲˡ
˳»ʵ۸ɴּΪϮ棬ʡ
ķ˳»ʵҲǼӹԸֵķͲͣĴ£ܹʵʩĻôܵĳ͢¾ͻһ
˳»ʵҲ˲ЩˣֻҪܹ㵲סʱȫ͢ĴڣôԺЩ˿ʰ
˳»ʵõʥּһһĴӳ֮͢з
ʱҲոյ
żʮ̱ϵģķչȴصһ
ΪԽԽ࣬ʡĲʱ޷άôģӵԶ
ټɽЩһֱڶϰʧû˼Բǳ١
ܹǿάɽڵİѾˣҪڴģݣɽͻˡ
ûа취ֻǽսʿ˻ɽפͬʱߴٺϣϽĳＯݡ
Ϊ֪ѾõʱҪԼȥĻ͢Ǳ׼뱱˳͢ôҪһЩˡ
ںѾҺϾڵʿǶǷǳ֧֣һӵ̾ͿʼＯݣʿԼҵֶѾˡ
֮ĻҲǿƴȥܳĽɽ󶼹ˡ
ŻĳǮҪ¾ǰ¶ȵ³ЩҲܵõ͡
Ϳɲһ㣬ֻҪǽǲʲô¨ӣδܱٻ
ΪЩʿǵ֧֣ʮݾȻ֮ھȫˡ
ӵ±ߵĻ㱨֮ϲǡ
ϲǣǲΪݷˣǵǣЩʿǵʵȻô󣬹ǺһʡЩʿǣȻڶ̶֮ڴôݣҲЩˡ


633 ر
ȻڼɵЩʿǵʵȷʵǻҪǵ֧֡
㽫ԼĵǰѹУŵȵƽЩ˵鷳
뵽֮ǳĳһ
վԱһֱԹɫĽƣʱѾһݵС
๫ҿѽ
ͷһڲ裬Ȼһ¡
Լ뷨Ҫͽ˵һ£ȻĻȵԼɣСȵִµʱ򣬿»ӡ
ˣ㿴Щʿֻ˶̶̵ʱ䣬ͳＯôݣʲô뷨
üԵôοɰ
ⲻЩʿǶԷ֧𣿿ѽ
Цŵ˵ƵĶͷȻ˵
Ҵ۶˵ʵ
Цһ¡
ǻ˽ĹˡЩʿǵΣȱ˽Ļ
ǼɵЩʿ𣿡
ѽǿ֧ǣҲַ֧ǵˣôҲǡ
һ£Ȼε˵ʿĴڼǧһֱҪıûôס
˵ͷȷʵڵλıҲڵ˼ǧδеĴ֣йЩʿĿơ
ڵǷ⽨ﵽʱҪıʷĴ֣ϾͻᱻʷϺˮû
ԼЩˣֻ취ʱĽЩʿѹסȵʱԼ졣
Ժ⽭ɽɲԼִƣǾ˵ˡ
ʱԼĵǣžͿʼһս
һؾȫϣɨƽ
ԼʮɽŴ˺ֱǡ
פغϵҲʼپҪ㣬ȶطԷ
һ֪˲ˣǽʡ
ʱڽʡͺϵı߾֮ϣҲƵƵĶΪıûѵɣˡ
ʼƺƵرϡ
·ոһ룬ͽӵ̽ԭϷĸҲʼмȻϷ㶼ϾһʲôͬˣϣԻݡ
ڽӵ֮߱ҲüͷϸߣЩԭȲͦôˣ
һתĽ
һЩǼԼƴ󣬺ԼһͳǲΣգŰ취ɢ߽Լʵ
ڸô죿ǳȥǼϡ
ڵҹо֮ڣ˼һҹǾƸͳϡ
Ȼͳ͢һսԼϳҲܲ
ںפأȻ˵ߣȴͨҪ뵲סĽӦǿԵġ
ôھӦøɽҲһɿִˡ
˼ȥûǰɽƵĺá
Ͼɽ̵ʵ˵Ƿǳ޴ġ
ȡɽԱɰ̵Щִš
нɽôƾɽľ޴;Щ·ҲܹƾɽĵκֵסЩˡ
οƱǵɵĸ֣ƾͨûеɵķ֮УͿ˵ܹߡ
Щ֮ǳĳһ
Ͼֵµױȥķ˽ơ
ǽڴ֮ɢ˯ţŻڿĺ
Դ⺢ӳ֮󣬽ƾûʱչһֱսɱ
˵ʵƶ⺢ʮֵΣҲʮֵʱܹӵЦò
Ͼڴ֮УʱܱϴսԲѺӴߡ
ʱߵѾ߽
ү÷ȥоʼ
ü˿ߵɫ
ѾҪˣʱԼȥʲô
Ȼв죬ǽҲϽ𴲣Ȼʰͣϴһ£żѾߴҴҵȥоս㡣
ƽ˴ʣȸһ򸣣΢΢һЦһ¡
˿дҪ
ţƱЦԣϽױһ衣
ˣ㿴ű
˵֮ͽе鱨ݵ˽Ƶǰ
ƽӹµϸһüͷҲһ£ܿľƽЦſ˵
ҿ΢ЦӦ˶Բߡ
ʲôҲˡ
˵֮ɫ
ҪľǱ˳͢Ȼһͳ
Щô죿
ԼƣȻü˵ֻǲȡرߣϷЩǲȡƣֻҪֵܹסǵĽǻ¾С
˵ʱ۾˽һ¡
ʱĽƣüͷ˼Ļ
һƱչüͷ¶Цݡ
ȻܵȻ·ȥɽˣ
˹Ȼҵңʲô¶ˡ
ҲЦЦľǳͬ
Ҫǽȷʵ˼ԼĶˣԼصɽ֮󣬾ܹ˽ӽӵԼԣҲܹͽչˣʡ˼֮ࡣ
Ȼô֮ʹ˻ɽ
ãô죬ɽз֣ҲǷˡ
ȷʵɽнأ˵ǹ̾ƾɽڣֵܹס¡
οǱ㣬ֻҪǽƲĴɽӦǲʲô⡣
֮󣬽ƾʹԼѾߣҴҵ뿪˴Ӫ֮ʧԶ
վڴӪСɽ֮ϣֱƵӰȫʧĻص˴Ӫ֮ڡ
ʮ¿Σƶ
ǰǵ·ϣǹ޲ˣս޲ȡ
Ȼ˵мҲһЩС鷳˵Ƿǳ˳ġ
ǾĴӽǵʱһνӵǰ߱
ԭʱٽʡѾͳʮ˾ǸѾͳ͢ļʮһ
Ȼ˵ԮöһЩ鷳ûеʲô
Ϊ֧ԮǸɣҲɲʲôˡ
ֻƾͲԼĶ֣ټԼǰࡣ
ڹֻ˵Ͷ
㵣ĵĲǾǣϷЩǡ
־ôʱ䣬ϷЩӦܹһЩˣ֪ɽͺôˡ
ҲǵģôʱҲԼһţԼصԼﵣġ
˦˦ԼԴԼķ׿Ȼߴٴϡ
ȵͨݣ˾ߵƽԭʱ˫̽ƽԭ֮ϣѾʮεĽӴͽ档
Щ̽˫Ҳ˱˴˵ʵ
һ߾ôʱսʿ˵ռϷġ
ʮѹ˾ǵŸӪկ


634 
Ϊһһᷢһսʱû뵽ھǾȻǾĵġ
üͷɲսѽ
ˣҲʼֹ˸ϽµĴͣǰ
һ£ʮʼͣ˽Ų͵п͡
˴ʱŴǰ˶ǰ棬ִԶۿ
ֻǵţĵģûκε죬ƽˮһķȫӡ
Ǵܳľǣһ
Ϊ̽⾩ǵ׷ʲô飬ɳһһٶ˵ĳǰ̽顣
Ҫ֪ܵÿһսľ
һٶڽӽ֮󣬺ܿľʧ֮УһʱҲûٳƾվʹ˼һ
һɵҲ֪һʲô⣬Ļ
ǽżأһӾʹ˰֮Уۣ֮򾩳ǹ
һķ֮УǺɵģһ֮У֮ϢûκεĴ
һؿǲ֪ôˣղŻ֮ĻսôôһĹ⾩Ǳˡ
Ȼͷԣвûк£ΪΪϾΪǿͨߡ
ֻӻȡľ֮͵ľ׵֮С
Ȼǿľֳ̾һĵ⣬ŵĲھǵϿգʼĺơ
ָеĺָһ£Ǻ̾ǵõָʾһʼѹȥ
źѹ֮еĵԽԽ˸
ֻѹƣ̽е׷ʲô顣
һȫùһӴϵĳǳأûиκεĻӦ
̾˿ҪһЩˣȻĻ治֪⾩֮еʲô˸Ĺ
Ȼڲ֪Ƿʲôǿ龰Ҳƶϳž֮Уһʩչķ
Ϳʼ
һתأתɷûתת׻𾪣תתɽת޵ͷһʮֲΪ֮²ö
ոյ֮꣬е׵磬㿪ʼһ򾩳ȥ
һ׷ȴûӦеЧ
ֻЩһ䵽ǾΧ֮УֻǽЩһ֮󣬱ʧ١
һؿǷ˺ˣȻ׷ûӦЧҲ׼ͣ
Ǽӽָͣŷ
ķͣģе׵ٶȣӵܼ
о͵׵һܲ͸硣
ǵḷ́Щֲסˣ׵粻ͣ£ҲʼҵķĵٶԽԽ졣
ΪֻҪԼڼӰѾܹһ⾩ǵôµʱͻȻ֮ھ֮ڣ߰˵⡣
Щһھ֮ڣͿʼɿߡ
ĲͣζǱҪɢĺȻµĿʼ
˾ÿµǣЩȻʼӡ
֮пǿӣھߵĲľֻҪһӴ̾ͻ˷ɻҡ
һҿԼղŽҪǲܲ˵ԼĴ֮УԼֵµЩҲĲˡ
ǹŴѽ
龰ϽķԼĴ֮УžͿʼ
ҽǰӱӣӱǰӣʮӪ
һ£ʮͿʼǵת׼롣
Ǽʮжô׵ģһ߸ոö׼ʱЩѾ˹
ߵʿһӴͷһĲҽУǵͺݵһҵĿʼֻǼĹֻʣһ߹Ǽܡ
һ£ߵЩʿɼˣӵǰ壬ǰߵʿǸոöΣûеõһֵͿʼ
ڶĺ󷽼龰æǰȥʿĻҲˣϾǺڲͣǰӣǽʿ̾Ҷ
һºߵʿҲάֲסˣŵǹƴǰǰ赲ģǱһһǹĿ
ΪǿӵģźʿԽԽԽԽʼľӣܿĴҳһš
ЩҺ˾ǷһʼڵطĻ࿳ɱ
Ǻḷ́Ȼǻᶨǰţܿм֮УĻ˰׹ǡ
ڵʱǺҲѾ޷ˣֻγһɺɵĸǽҵķ
Ǻͣ½Ųһ֮ϽԼĴ֮УټЩ󽫣ǸϽټԼľɲʼƽԭ֮ɢ
ĴҺľһʱƽ
˴ʱһԼĴ۵޳
ʱԼһǼʮװʿ
ڿЩˣӹˣһľ֣۾͸¶塣
ʱǴˣæ˿ʼˣֱӳ˾һ°
Ĵոյ´Ӫ׼Ϣһҹ˵ʱͻȻ֮ڲԶһĹĵ
оʣһϾͼˣǴ
ͬҲЩöԷ̫ղԼһʱ飬˶ԷСʧ˼ԼոӪկԷͿʼ͹ҪʲôѵǸ
뵽֮㼱æĴ£ڽʿӪоأóս
Լȴһɵ˰֮УִԶơ
ȻɫѾߵ龰ͬ硣
ֻԶ̳̳֮ڷɿһ߽ӽ
׵һˣһ۾ϳˣ˲ˣǽ
ֻһű趯޹ͽڲͣ
ǳ˼ۺ졣
ǰ죬û˶ԷļıʧصĻҲôʹ޶Է
ڲһأԷֱ˿ѽ
ȻǾͱˡ
һӻͳ˿͵ҡҡ
̾ʹſзɳһḷ֮́ħͷ
ԶһָЩħͷǾǼζһ˹ļУӵȥ
㣬ִӻȡ˷ͷκ⣬֮Ҳͬʱ׵˿С
ӽ֮оͳһΧƵĻˣԼһҡͷβ
һضָӣ֪ôˣֻǻ͵ľϮĴȥͬʱвͣ档
һմǸ̾ͻһ档
ֻҲʾֻɵ˵оϿգֻҡҡϾһ׹⡣
׹һ䵽˵֮ϣ̾ͱˣһ


635 
ķսʿסЩϮĴ
ǻûʩԶǺɵĸǽͻȻ֮ҵͬʱڲһ
͵һͷ˫۽ĶǺ
ֻźʱһη˾ޱ䡣
Զĺʼ͵⣬һ߻㼯ʹ㲻ԶɵĳǽԽԽʵ
ֹһһη˷γһĲͣתС
֮Уһ
Ȼ͵һ𣬽žͻһɫľ
צķɵ֮Уһ˲͵еץȥ
ɵɹһͬ࣬צʮֲѺãҲ
ֻһҡβͣȻ͵ľʹ֮󣬴¶ϣֱǺȥ
ûеľҵײ
ɵһӴǺʹ
ǵǺдֵ֮ʱ򣬷ϵɫĹâѾʧϷһɹɺڲͣķš
֮УĸӦȴ͵½˼̨ףʱҪж˶ⷨĿһ
һøæ𣬿ǻˣ˶ϮǰȥԮ⡣
һѧˣǻ˸ͲǺ潻棬ΧͣʥĻ档
ҲȨ֮ƣʮֵӴӷףжȴ쳣
ֻ͵һ٣ż׷˻˵֮ſ˴ڣ͵ľȥ
Ҳǻ˻飬һȳ͵һ׹Եö˶Էɡ
ʱҲûиվţȫĹͨ⡣
Ѿɫմٻ֮£һЩӦ
ֻǿ֮л˻֮󣬱㻺һ߷ȥ
ЩȲˣΪ֮л˵Щ
ˣҲΣ͵һֻһԣһץ
̾»⣬ȥ
סʱǸϵĺɫһ֮ȥ
һ飬Ȼ˵
͸оԼ˼άʼʱƣҪ˯֮С
ֻı仯ȴ쳣ĻԾĺԶĳռеӦ
ﻹ֪ǶԷҪԼ壬ҪöԷɹˣԼҪٲ
Ҳֻƴˡ
ֻֻԼȫѣ͵ҧԼʳָʳָ֮оһֺɫģȴŻƽһѪҺ
㽫ѪҺ͵һףѪҺûɢȥǻһѪƯ˿С
־еѪҺ֮оͻ˷䡣
һܿľ͹ɡ

ڣ޺ƽ٣֤ͨ⣬Ω۶н⣬ӳ֮֮ţأȺգ飬йͬӭʹ飬ɥ־Σ۽ڣ֣̳ͥ
˴䡣
֮꣬һ⣬ܿľ֮ӡ
Ǻɫʱ⾹ȻʼٶȷһȻֹͣ˼ųẠ̊́κβڵĺɫ
㲢û̫⣬нһС
ֻϥ֮УȻٴλ
Žĳ֣ڵǵõ˰һһοʼԾ
ӵٴ䡣
֮⣬֮⣬ǹ⣬֮⣬ʮ⡣
֮ڵĽ⳹׵ıˣֻ͵һţǺɫͱһ˲ų⡣
͸ıƤӵ֮С
ʱһ̫֮У޾Ĺâ֮͸˳ȥ
ҲҲʱֻˣЩֵסȷʵʮֵĸߣֻ͵һĳ㿪һ̣žͼٵһȥ
֮ڣ΢΢һЦԼۣǻ˾ٻڵֱ֮ϡ
ʱǺɵĺǵǰ
һǽɫĹâǻһʼϸţȻȼա
ǺʼŤշ˺Ƿǳġ
㵽ʱ򣬲йͷ鿴Լ
һ̾ʹʧɫ
ԭղ񣬳ԸͷʱѾĴӪ
Ȼ˵еĴƴɱԱ޵еϽǱǱ
ĴӪѾҳһš
⻹ҪģҪеոյİһЩܵϮûƴս˼ںܶѾӳӪԶȥ
ǱɽʮҺԶߣʵĴںɱ
ôĹھͿƽԭ֮һʬ壬ⶼġ
ҪûʲôԮĻĴ¾Ҫȫûˡ
ʬ׺ڿա
ֻ͵ǰһܣһŵĵݣǰеĺײȥ
еĺҲӳ͵ľһˣײ˸š
ǰһײײڿһֱӾʹӺ֮ڴ˹ȥ
һǣײ˺ܶĺϾСһ롣
ʩٽתһȦٴδ϶ֱԴ׹ȥˡ
һǺ˼һûкӲײҡͷβԱߴȥҪ㿪Ϯ
ôףԷһ֮̾չֻͨһ˲׷֮󣬴Ӻߴ˺֮ڡ
һδǺгֵʱѾ÷ǳİۿžҪɢ
ΪʤȯգϾҪʱһ忪ʼٵתһͻһźɫӡ
ʯһһײ˹
ΪȻֻǺĵ̧֣Ҫӻɢ
ǵȵӴ֪Ӽʵ壬ֺһײ̾͸оǴɽϣ嶼ȥ
òͣסΣ־һɹɻȼգʵ̲סˣһſھһѪ˳
ֻɫڽ֮ҲþȫĻһʧڵ֮С
ʧˣǳһ
ûָǾǸֵһĺ̡
Щ̺ܿľһŨǺûгֹһ


636 ƺ
ڹ˲þǷĺˣֻһܾϷ

˅ˣ̴ǺǬУ춼ײޱߴ׻ɻHǻһ𣬾춼ϣɻʨӰջȺͭͷ۽ᣬС죬ħ̾츣أ顣ɽľݣٹȷڡҵ˳С޿ڷɻŮ콵£ӿ𻢲ɡ彫׷ɳʯƸӵСҫ磬ǡԶף޲Χ£ҷߣɣҷɡľٳԡ̫Ԫ
䡣
׷ļ£һʩչoҪ
ǰ񷨲ͬǰа֮٣˼oϵòãԸԸ⽵٣һ¡
һǿʹ
Ĺϵòãһʩչͨ˷ڳ˯֮УǺɱ֮Ҳòǰ
һ֮о͵һĲϼ
ϼ֮Уһɹɵϴ֮пʼӵ˵ϡ
ڵ֮ϣʱĴɱʹء
ڳɽ˵Ƿǳ˳ֻ֮սŰܣԼϵ׶ඪˡ
ʱɽ񣬾űѩޣͳ͢սαɽµĴ˱߽硣
ҪСģŴնأս
ֲԼµĴʧ̫أΪҪһʧصĻ¾û֯ʮľˡ
żε޹
Ҳһس͢ǻ˴Ǯ£񣬶ҲɵԽԽ˧ʮǰԮ
Ϊһսˣû뵽ֻһսͰʮɱǱͷܡ
Ҳ֪Ļ᲻ˣǼӽ߶ǰܹһٻľӣҪʧأϡ
ǾʱͻȻ֮µıͣ㲻ǰ
֮һϿʼӡ
пʼ˵ЩȻûȴ֮һƬǴ˷Ŀռ䶼ճ˰硣
µЩʿѾֹͣ׷еıȶʼˡ
е㣬оѾֹͣ׷һͨеo
ЩεoһӵĴţ̾ʹչЩһں֮С
һǰɢĲͬγһſŹ
Щһ䵽֮֮Ѹٵıը򸽽ʮɵľ붼ᱻ׵֡
ֻôһĹĴȥһҡ
֮һ˲ϼ֮ڣ׵һξۼһεĹϾҪʼˡ
±ĴЩܲˣǺƴɱУǺϵoսǲ˺ܶ˾Ϳʼӵˡ
ʱҲû˼ټ׷ɱˣΨһ뷨ǣԼЩȫĴȥ
е޹ͽ𴸴һ
ȷʵڴ֮ֵµЩʿǰһЩŴʼ򱱳ȥ
ǳ˵ĻЩˡ
ڶһ¡
ֻڵ֮ϣһ˸Ⱥ֮вͣĴ˰֮
ǿеѹЩ˶ûȫˣŴµĶμӿŲ񾩳Ƿȥ
ԷͶŸϽٴ䣬еλoߡ
ǵĺƣĵȥʧ
ʱеѾɫ࣬ղʩչѾȥеķ
֮Ի֮дţǲͨǽŵ»һֱ
ڵҲû׷ɱˣֻһĻͷ𣬷չ߷ɣһ׷ӵľӡ
ǻ˷ɵ˴ǰ˵ϡ
ЩӹľǣվĿԣ̾ͰȻվԡ
ܿ죬ĴĻ㼯ĸֵµЩҲһɫվԣԸ
վڵϹ˽һʱģ۾һڻɨһ¹ԼԵЩ󽫡
ҽӣ͵ذӪ
ЩǵķԸһȻԴűڵذӪկ
ȵҹʱկǰϣ߽оʣ˻Ƥ֮ϡ
±ߵڽվᣬѻȸ
Ϊʧʵ̫ˣǱΪһܹƽǣոտǱϣ˼ɱǱӡ
ϱŲ˵±ߵЩǸӵˣֲǰԣǰĿⶼеʦöѾϡ
ѾǿЩ˼ˣֻ̧ͷһۣȻСԣ˵
ʦ֣ʲôŶ岻á
˶ѾĻ۾ȻޱĶԶѾ˻֡
ѾϽ˵ڽǰУͷ˵ˡ
̾һȻ±ߵ˵
Ĵսʧ٣֪𣿡
û±ߵ˻شһӴ
Ҹǣʧˡ
˵ʱ۾ˡ
Щ˿ɶľʧˣʧ±ʮҪۡ
㳤ĳһȻ˵
Ĵս벻ܣ˶ԷͳȻ֪άֶΣ˴ܣҲΡ
˵仰֮վ˵
еĴʮ£ԾЧȡ
˵֮͵ȵ֮ȥĽ㿴ңҿ㣬ûа취˴ʡ
оʵĹ㳡ϵʱ㵱ȵľſ˵ϣȻԼ׾Լʮ¡
ֵµױΪѣҪ֪ǿǸ𱣻ģдԼ˧ģ
֮£ЩױսսԣŴһһȥ
տʼʱЩױҴʵ˼۾֮ЩŷſֽһһģʵʵڵĴıϡ
ȵʮ֮㱳ѾѪܡ
мױϽǰȻ˺ӡ
Щ󽫼Ҳûʲô˵ģһսףҧſžһžž졣
ʦöѾҲ⣬֪Ѿܲסʮ¾͵͵ĸ̵ױʹ˸ɫ
˶ѾȻоһĻջǣȴûܵʲô˺Ѫûг
ڽ̵ʱڸʿѾ㼯˽ˡ
տʼʱЩĻһָָ㣬˺㳡ѻȸ
еĹ̵ʿ͸˼㡣
Ա߿ţ¶һ˿޵΢Ц
һʿʿǻָˣǰҪʢ


637 
ıݷǳЧϵʱľʿѾȫĻָ
ԼоʣȴһԼͷϵ亹
ʵ̫գֲԼǣԼ⼸ʮľľѾɢˡ
㲢ûзھǻһ鷳ڵء
⾩ǵô£ôᱻ֣ǺҲ̫ԵеֻҪһƵķΧ̾ͻữΪ׹ǡ
뵽ʱ͵վо֮˼Ȧ
ǵ׷ʲô顣
뵽ʱ߳оʣ֮żأһӾԾ˿С
֮У׼ķֱǷͶȥ
Ҫ˵ٶʵ̫ˣûһյĹ˾Ͽգִ¹ơ
ֻһӴĳǳأһһƽԭ֮ϡ
޵ܣڲͣð˳
ͻȻ֮һֻҹݺӾϿջ
±ߵĺͻȻһ˻žһɫĴ˳ȥһӴҹݺϡ
ֻҹݺеĹûУͻ˰׹ǣ֮ȥ
㿴Ҳһĵ
Ҫǲ׷ʲôûȥ
뵽֮ӻȡһֻ顣
öܳʱûʹˣҲΪ㷨ԽԽǿѾôõӵˡ
ûӣǵɱЫλЫӵǮϰõ˱
ûʲô˵еͨȴܹԤ⼪ס
ȡⱦ֮ñԼĶͷϸĸӦ
ⱦͷųһ޵Ĺ⻪ʼ޾صάȡ
ʱԺ֮УܴһƬѾѪɫԤʾŲ
üͷӿǰ߲ˡ
һȴһ̺۳֡
һϾ¶ϲɫ
ת˾ǵϷ
֮ϸĹƹȻһͨͨžǡ
ͨ·Ԥģþе˿ھ֮ɼľȡЩˮԴ
ǲôˣӦòôͨ·ûΣУȻʲôΪ֪
뵽֮Ҳǲҵͨڣϸܿ˿֣ûʲô쳣һ̤ͨ
С򾩳֮ȥ
ȴ֪̤ͨһ˲䣬֮ھ˸Ӧ
ߵһʱͻͻȻ֮ǰߵһĻ档
ЩһһͨľͷֱӾ
͹Ļ棬ܣֻԴˡ
ԴӵõΣͷΣ֮ͳڡ
Ļ棬ܻҪֻ׼ǰһЩˮʯһԶ
Ҳ֪Լ±ˡ
һ¿пʼҪʩչܵ˵̽⡣
̫΢棬ӦΪ񣬼ϣڵΧɣ뷡
һ꣬Ծһ򣬽֮ξͿʼı䵭ûмûںڰ֮С
Լ֮㲢ûƶվһ
Ҳ֪ǲǵķֲټǲͣӿĻĿʼСˣһȫֹͣ
΢΢һЦ֪Լá
ŵģͨһŲȥ
һػ˳㵽ͨľͷҲûʲôٴϮ
̤ͨһ˲䣬̾͸оһˬϢ
ﲢûʲôĺֻֻаҹɫԼͣе
Զǽ֮ϣȻеǹ˸ĵ
ȻкڱľǣǾǵķԱûеġ
׼򣬼˾ǵĳǽ£֮˱ڻǽֻǼ˸˳¥
֮һνż㵽˷ܣ֮ǽ֮ȥ
Ƚ뾩֮󣬷ľǺԭûʲô
Ȼ˵Ѿǽˣھ֮ȴȻǵƹ˸ǹ֮ûоʹҵ
һؽ˾ǣȷĿģǾڡ
ҲֻǸطſ̽õϢ
ڣҲȥΣŵĵλ˽ġ
ǻΣڽ֮Уܿľ˻ʹǽ⡣
ǰƣֻһ岽һڣ䱸ɭϡ
ЩѾʩչ㣬ȫͬ衣
ֻҡڵľʹЩܿľ˻ʼ
Ǵ˵еĽǵ
Ǻģûʲôˡ
Ϳʼ֮ˣܿľҵһƻͨĵط
֮Ҳԭ޼ɵˣһ߿
ԭǻʵҲڹֵһС͵ĵ
ȴ⹬֮Уûзֻʵ۵
Уȴʮɱڲͣɢ
дŵˣɲʲôƲ硣
빬ڹڵһվʱơ
ȻѾҹˣʱڴ֮Ȼ˿費ͣ
ͣйŮ̫ߴžƲˡ
Ƿ̵ʮŸĵˡ
Щ㻹治ʶǵЩ˶Ѿɵĵ
˳»ʵ۵ˡ
ҲЩˣЩɵСʲôͣȻĴ󣬾ȻԼʮ赲סˡ
ԼͨﻤҲҪ˵
˼ʱ򣬴֮һ˳
֣ɽɵ㼸˵һ֮ѹˣȻҲǵ󷨸סˡ
һףĻǶĵʿĺ֮԰˵
ɽһ̫һֱ֮߸󣬲Ҫ˵Ҳˡ
һŮʿʱĶüȻʵ
֣Щ˱Ͼ֮ûеɴܲȫãܲܵסǸ㣿
λҲǳһ£ܿľ˵
Ҳ֪ɴܵͨ󷨣ʦɼ֮Լ¸ޣͬɣǵɵĴܱմȾҲҪ˵ǲصġ
λ˵Ůʿ΢΢ĵ˵ͷǷһЩģ֮µʵ
ֿҪСˣͨҲͻǵĴ󡣡
λĵʿֵؿһλŮʿ
֮Լǰʲô
λŮʿʿĶ۽¶һ˿Цݡ
һƣλʿԡ
һܹ֣µİվһ
˵⻰ʱλŮʿбһӣǰѾʿϡ
һɹŮ㣬ͣʿıһʱЩɫѻꡣ
ʿѵʱͻȻ֮䣬ǸŮʿгһλεذףֱ֮ʿǰȥ


638 ɢ
λʿû뵽ǰλͬϮԼһ飬˸š
һҽУ˵ע⡣
λŮʿγذףֱһͰʿͷ­Ҳ
һ´֮ڵҲӦЩһ߿ʼһ߸ʽҪŮʿ¡
ŮʿҲǹ֪£޷ӳǸɴͲֿˣЩ˵ķԼϡ
žһλ뷢԰׵ϵʿܵλŮʿԣһְֻסļ
ôһλŮʿ㲻̱ڵء
ʱҲΧ˹һѰѱ֪Ůʿʺ
˴ʱǸϵʿųʵ
ӣΪ£
ǸŮʿڵϣĿһ֮¶΢Ц
ѵû𣿳͢Ѿ
ĵʿ仰ǻ࿴һۣϵľͶ˳Ĭ
ֻλϵʿ΢΢Цһ£Ȼ˵
͢ǷѾҺθɣֻҪסλʦֻֻҪ£ǵʹˡ
ڵµŮӲ֪ɷҡҡͷȻ˵
ȻˣôǾûʲô˵ˣҪɱҪиϽְɡ
λϵʿֵĿһۣȻʵ
ѵͲ׷𣿡
λŮʿ۾ûлشһ¿ˮ̵ӡ
ʱ򣬵һһȺ̫ӵ˳»ʵ˴
ڰϸعۿλ겻Ļʵۡ
ֻλʵͷİ׷һƣɢһ˵Ƿϡ
˳»ʵ֮ΧΧŮʿˣϽλʵһ
˳»ʵֻǰ˰֣λŮʿԣɭ۾
ŮʿҲ˳»ʵ۵۾ЩľǸɴı۾
˳»ʵۿһŮʿȻ̧ͷԱߵǸ뷢԰׵ϵʿʵϵô£
Ǳĵʿ̾˿Ȼ˵λ徻ɵɹã֪ΪʲôͻȻ͵Ϯ·ͻȻҵֹֻǽס
˳»ʵ֪ȥϵʿϸĽһ飬̾һɲõͷ
ѵ˵徻Ѿ˹ϵƻԼļƻ
뵽ʱ˳»ʵͻȻתɭ۹⿴ڵϵλŮʿ
λɹã徻ʲô㣿˴ʱѾûбҪˡ
λŮʿֻ۾˳»ʵһ£㲻ٴˣѾƸ۵׼
˳»ʵۼһȻͻȻԵһ̫˵
λɹ͵̷˾ȥ
һ⻰ɫˡ
ǽ̷˾ʲôط˿ɶ
ʱԱ߳һλĸߴʿ
£ɹ÷˴䴦Ҳˣαд£
˵仰ʱѾֳŭݡ
˳»ʵתͷˣЩʿ϶¶ŭݡ
ԼղŵǸе
˳»ʵһ£ȻͻȻЦ棬תͷšλʿһ֣Ȼµ˵
ղֻǺ͸λһЦȻ޵ˣҲ֪ǷǺôô˵飿
˳»ʵ˵仰֮ɫ˵徻ɿѾǷֵˣȻŮȷʵá޵ּ⣬Σʱڳ¥֮ϴһ
˵仰֮˳»ʵһ뿪˴
Ŵ߾ʹ˼ʮʿǲɷ˵ľͽϵǸŮʿһ飬Ȼ˳ȥ
ʮ޵ʿҡҡͷԤ
ȵЩ޹ص˶ȥ֮⼸ʮ޵ʿſʼͷӶ
ڵЩѽûֵôֵ㣿
˭˵أһرΪƾɽɵ󷨣ܹû뵽顣
Ҫ˵ѾֵزȥҲûʲôˣɴǸɢɡ
Ƿɧʱλĵʿ˵ˡ
λҵȷʦ֮ǰ͢ȻЩ˳ģҵҲܰ;ϡ
˵仰±ߵһЩˡ
˲ˣǸղֹ˳»ʵ۵λʿ
ϵҪ;ϣʵ˳»ʵ۶ҵȶеð
˵仰˳һеĲƽȻ۾˿˵
Ȼдȣ˳»ʵҲܹ£Ȼ뽫򷢵̳˾ȥⲻǴЩʿ𣿡
֮ĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ϵʿЩˣ˳»ʵ۸ղȷʵЩ¡
˵Ǹô죿ѵҪ뿪𣿡
µ֮Կ˿û⡣
λʿʱȴ˵Ҫ˵뿪ҲûʲôõģȻĻˣ˭Ķ֡
µλʿ֮󶼾
λϵҲЩˣȷʵЩеĵɴܶѾˣߵҲԼɼ¡
£޷λɴ࿹ġ
˾ɥǣûλɽɵϣҲ˵еҲ޷ˣ£ôǶʧܵһ
λʿϵʿӣ֪ѾЩˣٽ˵
Ǿʹ˻ɽȥɽеĳʱɽеʦ
±ߵ֮󶼾еǵҲûʲôˣǿкսֻȥɽͨϢĺá
Щһ࿴˿ӵĹϵǶ뿪Ƕظ̥
λʿվһڳλ˹֡
λɼң鷢ı仯ҲòȻɽȥʦҾλˡ
˵֮ת֮ȥһҲˣһԹָǡ
һ֮ϣֻʣλϵʿһˡ
һԼҲûʲôˣһҲ뿪˴
ЩҺĸոߵ˻ʹſڣͻȻ֮ڻʹǽĻѡ
ѵӳ£һǿֳΡ
ЩʿǼмؿһۣЩǿڷ˵ҲǴɱǶЩ޳ɵĸ˵ֻСߡ
ϱߵЩҲûе±ߵ˵һ£ļʸǷɻһʮʿȥ
±ߵЩʿֻǸǷų˷ЩļʸͲͣ£Ѿһļʸ
ǵʱ򣬵ڶֵĹ˹ȻϣΪһһ׵ĵס
һڹųЩԼĹâһӾͱ͸
žǽĲҽС
λĵϵʿʱзһĽ
ľ


639 ʩ
ڰľ֣ҲǴһ
һɵĻ⣬Ǿľ
ⶫʲô֡
ȡľȻ󾭹˶صĹմɼʸȻһƵҩҺ֮ʮ졣
֮֮˵ͷѪ˵֮ѪΪīˮһֶصļգ֮پʵԳʱļݣʹûʳС
һƳɹľܶʿв
еķͷ޷ľ
ľҲûȱ㣬Ϊÿһʹö˷ˣҪ˲ĻʹõĴˣ˽
ΪĵƣһֱڻʳĿ⸮֮С
û뵽ڽʱ˳»ʵ۾Ȼ˳
һҲڵĳ͢ѾǷƮ졣
㻢񣬼ѾĩʱٲľԺ¾ûлˡ
ڰ㣬±Щ޵ʿ˲أҪԼٲ֣ǿ¾ȫˡ
֮ģЩ˱һɣ˳»ʵѾ˳Ϧĳ̶ȣȫЩ
ĿǽһµȻҪЩɡ
ڽЩ˾ȳҲЩʾãʶĻͻ¿
뵽֮ӻȡ˿֮һ
ǿ̾ͷų˹ḷ֮́һ顣
ҹɫ֮£ǲûзѾΣķ
±ߵЩ޵ʿȴˣһԼķŲͣľһ߲Զȥ
ʱ±ߵЩǻˣһһιЩڲ¥֮ϲͣʿ
Ǳɨʿ̾Ϳ°ĭ鴤µ˵ϡ
±ߵЩ޵ʿ龰Ҳ׹ھǣһøֵķҪǮһ˳ȥ
˫֮£ЩľصʿǼֲסˣܿľͰϵװһɶȻƴԶȥ
ʱֳΡ
Ϊ׵ĵϵʿһ㣬һȻϾ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ͷһ£Ȼ㹰˹˵ԭʦлʦ֮
˵֮ʩһ
ЩҴĸɵʿǣҲϵʿһʩ
˰֮˵λﲻ˵ĵطǻǸϽǴȥλɹ֮˵١
Ϊ׵ĵϵʿ˵仰ĺˡ
ղڴ֮Уסλɹã˳»ʵܹ˳ֽס
ûж೤ʱ䣬Щ˾ͱ˳»ʵֿˣһǷ̡
ҲǼֵʱ֪ﻹȫ˭֪˳»ʵ۲ŶľҪץסᣬԼʣµ߰˸Ҳûˡ
Ҳˣֻ㹰˹֣㼸ʧҹĻ֮С
ļҲѧ㹰֮׷ŵʿʧˡ
ȵЩ˶Ӱ¶һ˿Ц֮Ⱥʬ֮ԡ
ЩǰɶɣȻڱľˣڷǵӦûڸƮ
ڿŪǵרңȻ֪ЩɵĻҪǱԼԺҲǾ޴
뵽֮ϽĽڵϵ߰˾ʬ弯վһȻǵѪÿһʬĶͷ֮ϻһ䡣
λδ棬龪ַĹɽ֣ɽ·ؼլꡣջظ壬ſſǧͯͻ̫Ͼ
Щ˶ͷϵǸҲʼһĺ⡣
һǰͳһǻӰ
ҲҵϽÿЩһӣһѸٽ٣Щ˲ľͶ˿֮С
Щɵ꣬Ȼе֮УΪЩ˸ո𵴣ûȫָ־
Ҫһʱ̣Щ˾ͻжݵѣƾЩɵĵ̣ͻǿͶ̥߶
ǸʱվͨҲ޷Щ˾еԼĿС
ոհЩʱͻȻһ𣬽żʮֻľ
ʲôˣȻУֻʩչͨԱ߿һ̾Ͷȥ˼ʮɡ
Ϳʼè׽Ϸ㲻ͣܣЩ˲ͣľ
һЩͣˣ⵹ǲأǵľѾˡ
˴ʱָһֱںڰ֮ƮЩһһ˲±ߵЩһǱӡ
ߡߺߡһЦǰһһڵϵЩľ㲻ȫƮ֮ɵǰ
֮ľһɨ֮һӣЩմѪľ̾˵ϣõľյС
ЩòˣҲԸԼһƺıʡõʱǻԼҵⶫ
ӽһʧάռ䣬ά
زŪ򣬲һǰһĽ⣬֮һͼֳ
ͼʾǣλŮʿһ֮С
΢΢һЦάռǰһάļӳ֮£һ˲䵽ǷС
λŮʿͷɢڵεһǡ
Ȼ岻ܶˣôѾԼ֮⡣
Ҳǣڣʮλ޵ʿƤ£дɱ֮£¾ûŻųȥ
ڳֵһ˲䣬۾͸һ˿
ΪλŮʿѾϳݡ
΢΢һЦİ˰֣ʾҪ˵
ǰһֻһ̣ͽλŮʿ̵Լǰҽסϸ
֮λŮʿһ粽»صάռ䣬֮ѸٵٴνάٴγֵʱѾص˸ղ˺ɱĻʳǽ¡
֮һ׼ǵϵʿʧĵطȥ
ȵ˰գ÷۹գԭΧžǵЩѾɢˡ
һɹһ¡
뿪֮ϸ۹ƣܿľͷһʿϢ
ӽǸȥܿһСɽϡ
߰ʿϥǳС
ⶼǱ棬ÿһɫ࣬ڸղű˳»ʵ͵Ϯ¡
ЩһСɽϣһϽվ
лʦղž֮ҵˡ
Ͻȷ»еŮʿ֮Ű˵һС£طϡ
˵仰֮Ͻʵ֪λ׼ô
ЩڳˣÿһǸеĶ˵ÿһ仰ɵ˼
Щ˻࿴˿ƾٳ˵ϵʿػ
ʦ޵£ҵЩʿҲ׼ˣ׼ɽȥɽŲ޵
֮΢΢ҡͷ֮˵ͳ׼ɽ𢣬֮ʣ֪λܷȵɵһ죬ҶȻл


640 
һ˵꣬±ŵļʿ۾һ
˶ѾˣӦܹɨ
ȵ㽫͢ˣôһϣͳһ£ϱǻ
ͶһȻ˵ͥõӴˣҲܷһЩ
Ļֲܹǰһʱָĵˣ˵С׬һʡ
Щ˻࿴˿Ƕѵпǵ⡣
ȻڳЩͬˣϾǹϵɵĴ£ҲϾ;
ǵϵʿΪվ˳
ʦҵûʲô˵ϾǼ£ҵûȥɽеǰһ¡
ô˵ˣЩѾͬˣڻȥ˵ɽеЩˡ
ҲϽıȭֻصӦõģϾǹϵɵĴ£ȥһҲ
ϵʿĻҲ΢΢ĵͷȻ˵ʦҵھ̣֮һʦһ𸴡
ϵʿ˵֮󣬱㹰ʹ˸ɫȻ¾һƣԶȥ
˼龰Ҳף֮Ҳ׷׵뿪
㿴ʧӰϵЦݾҲزסˡ
Щ˻ȥһи˳»ʵͼӴףʱеһʵ
ȵǸʱԼܹеĵɡ
ǸʱЩΪ˽õˣһ᲻֧ԼôԼͳһ¾ͻࡣ
˵ЩԼѹڴɽµЩɵĸǣеȨҲϣǳ
ﰵԸ˵ʱվãǰʩһ
лʦ֮
һԼȳŮʿתϽĻһ
ɹòضĳҪлɹ֮
λɹڴ֮ϴɱλʿʹþΧȣԼʡ鷳˵ɹûԼдġ
λɹһЦȻ˵ⶼҵʦɹİš
˶ԷĻشоƮһλ޶ȴ׵Ӱ
λɹöԼ˵ǼεİĶǲܲ
һ£Ȼ˵Ӫлһλµĵˣ֪ɹǷܹ͡
о¶Цݡ
ƴƴȥɱʿΪһ
ͬʱжԼλʦҲǾޱȡ
Ҳλʦ֮˵еĸλɸҸš
һΪһһ޴ðգû뵽ô죬ͶʿõĻر
лʦΣͻȥʦ棬ʦ嶨Ȼڼ֮ǰȥʦ
˵仰Ҳ㹰ָˡ
㿴ʧӰЦݣڱƽ

ɫо֮ټ·Ľ졣
ЩĴ󽫣Ȼ˵һ·ǹɱսر£ԴǾеĺһ˼ҴǱͷܣʿûȫĻָ
˧λ֮ϣ±ߵĴ󽫣һ޾ɣЩˡ
һ˧Ȼɫ˵ʤǱҳ£ǷϣǺε
±ߵؽ㿴ңҿ㣬ĸԽվ˳
˧ҵȳ־Լ磬ʵǾǺҵһҹҲûƵİ취ŷա
ۿ±ߵԽһۣףһҹİ취Ǻһҹ
ҲԹöԷԽȻսϾ已̥Щϵ飬ûʲô취
ֻǰڰ֣ԽȻվƹ˧±ߵ˵
ȲģҹѾǱӪ˶ԷĴ󣬽ٴξսзкǡ
Ļ±ߵһϲ
ٴδ
̳Ӫھ֮жӡ
±ߵڽĻԱȭһ
ǣ˧֮
Ǳ¡
һӪ֮ھͿʼ˺˻һӶһеĴӸԵӪųȻ˴Ӫһٴ򾩳ѹȥ
һߴһж̾ͱ֪̽̽ű˾֮е˳»ʵǰ
ڵ˳»ʵѾ뷢԰ף۽ʮֵԣһ϶ĴǳĴ
˳»ʵ׵񣬼̽Ѿ˵о˳»ʵ۾Ȼ﷢㶣Щʹˡ
˳»ʵȷʵˣд۾ЩԹ̾ˡ
»ġ
ȵٴλʱ򣬾Ҫ˳϶
뵽۾һתվλϵ˳»ʵ˵
£ҵӦ㡣Ļ֮ʯ١
˳»ʵ̧ͷ˿ǿĹһ˿΢Ц
䣬ֻҵȸƵУ
ն˵
ˣȻٴʿضҵӦóδȣͻϮҲܹһٽơ
˳»ʵҲǾˣĻ˼һ£Ȼҡҡͷ˵
֮󣬽컹ǰضȫİգҵóȻµòʧ绹ȫسǵĺá
֮һ˿ŭȻ˵
ҵȵıȻ࣬ʿ鲼ټҲͨҵصסǳأȫһ֪֮ܽѶˡ
˳»ʵ֮˵ʲôǰһֵ¡
꣬ϵѾ֪ˣǲƸۣѵ㻹ɱ𣿡
˳»ʵıȣҲԲ۾֮ðŭ
ǣ£Ѿûλ̫Ӵͨߡ
˶ڵûʲô취ƲãοҪֵ㣬ܿľͰŭѹȥ
ðɣȻҪôҲͬˣ䰮ϧɹðա
ĵͷ֮˵һ˳»ʵľһȻ˵
£µļģսޣ²ʮͳȥս
˳»ʵ֮üͷ
µЩıϣżεսЩѾֻʣ²ʮˡ
Ҫٲʮǿɾ͵ڰԼ
˳»ʵԥʱæٴ˵
£ѾŴ˾֮⣬ҵҪڻ¼ɣ»ᱻƣ΢
˳»ʵһ£ȻѾʱ̣ʲôɲ¼ɵģ
뵽֮˳»ʵ۴Լ鰸һľͷӣ֮öơ
ȡöԱ̫ʾһС̫Ͻӹö֮͵С
ˣ˳»ʵ۲˵䣬⾩ǵİΣ޾ͽˡ
·ģγһСĽԷûпɳ֮һ³ç£һЩ˴ؾǡ


641 ֵ
֮󣬴Ҵҵ˽Ǳ֮˳ڵУʮ򿪳ţֱľȥ
ΪĲҰܣĴʿӦòߣܹô˻ɱһʵ
ǵǰһֻĴһӶһɱڡ
ʿѵӣʿʢ
֮Щ鷳ˡ
˵ѾҪӽǣΪԷսֻݳء
ûû뵽һս֮󣬾ǳŴ󿪣ɳһ
㿴ﻹЩп⾩֮ڻвҳ
Ȼôǵ˾ͱٻȥˡ
ϾҰս⼸ܱȹǵʱЩ˸Լ鷳ĺá
뵽֮ҲҵµͷŴԽֱ˶Է
һѦƿ˴ػء
űΪ··У֧Ԯ·
Ѿ⣬ֻոҪ˻ؾǵʱֻ̳мһ
һüߵ˻ȥ
ʱҪǸ˻ؾǣ»ûȵǳǽأͻᱻ׷ϡ
ǸʱǿǰѺ󱳾øԷЩˣ±˵ʮʮҲᱻԷҡ
ֻʱп󣬵סԷȻĺ󳷡
뵽֮æ˴ĺŽǣҡ졣
ʮȻѵûаĹѾһơ
ֻǹǰں󣬵ֻסǧװ
ҲʱԽѾɱǰ
ʱԽԵѾĶУǴһĳì
ǲԭͲӲ壬ǻԼĹ죬ƹо֮Լˡ
Щ齨ʱ䲻ûôĹֻӲͷƤǰˡ
ˣһǰһȷѪꡣ
Խ˼ζûгƵ˵Ĵ󣬷Լʧء
ҪʱµʱҲһĺŽԭѦƿѾԴػص࣬ʼ
Ҫ˵Ĵ󣬶ǰķܵģǲԽ
ǵʱ򣬷ؿɾи࣬ﶼǴǶ߲ӡ
һ棬ǿɾЩֵסʼĺ󳷡
ҲǾǵĽѵأҪһĲӣôһ̾ͻɢӡ
ҲҲûа취ֻǵǲһ֧ǰȥԮ
ʱҲʶԼˣȥͻȫΧ£Լֻ֮
뵽֮̾оʼĺ󳷣ߵĲм俿£
ǰߵĳìֺ͹ֳַӣȥ
ڹĽԽԷ󳷣ΪԷѾֲסǴϲµǽ׷ᡣ
ʧǣǰߵЩֺͳǹֲӰ¶ǰһһеĵ֡
Щһ߸߾Ŷƣֵ䵶һֵĸֵͣǰͱȥ
Ȼ˵Խܿľͽǰߵļŵȫɱ⣬ҲʧһЩ
ʧԽ侲֪ԷǱԼĺ󳷡
󷽵ҲǰߵĽ֣֪Ҫ˻ص֮ڡԼ¹ǵʱҪʧ൱
Աߵؽ伸ͽʹ˸ɫ
⼸Ͼˣ˼ǸԴܿľǰ
֮Ǹʽͨ
еʩչ˵귫еʩչԻ䡣
ܿģǰһƬȺħ衣
Ժ˵µĽҲʼ
֪Ҫٲ֣µЩ˾˻زˡ
߶µİ趯ֵ޹ͽ𴸣嵽˴󷽡
֮趯˫ͨҳ
Щڰзĸֹ֣һǳѪԼ˫Ĵ󴸣̱ǻɢ
ؽǼ龰Ҳŵòᡣ
Щ˵ÿһȨ֮󣬴СǽںʩչҲУҪ˫ͽǵӶᱻơ
ڸϽĸշȻ˻ص˴֮УҲ¶ˡ
㣬龰ƿڴ
ЩСʵǵ̫СˣƾǼ˵ķһҲκβ񣬵һʩѪ죬ҲҪ
ȻֻԳ֡
뵽֮ӻȡһ⡣
ֻдʣŵһͻһ
һʾ⣬Լĵ֡
ֻ͵Ĵܵ˰գ֮󣬴ӿи£ֱ
ոձǰĹ֣ĴոȶһЩųô˻ϽߣͻȻ֮۽ǵͼһƬ̹⡣
Ҳǻ붼룬Ͱֵ޹ͽȥ
͸оһľµıʮ
ûǵ̹ٴγǰ
ҲǷݣæִ̧ȥ
֮͸оһɾµİһİ
ƥѾֲס
˴ʱ̧ͷƣֻϿһһٴ¸塣
֪ٴȥˣԼͭͷҲ޷ⷨ࿹תͷֱ֮С
еȴ׼Ҳ㵽͸ͣ³
µıǼֲסԵڵأɴµ̤Ŵأͣ趯е˫ֵһδεĹ
ǽ׷Խ˶Ŵ󴸵ֵķѾǿĿɿڴ
ǼʩչΣ޵ĸˣҲСĽ
ô£ֻ已̥ƾ󴸣Ȼܹвͣµ޼ƿʩ
Ȼ˵ֵҲɵӣսˣܿľʹŴ˵˳ſڣųŴ򿪣ǼûлţС
ʱŻ˫ȫĵ֮һҲص˳ǳ֮ڡ
һǣǳϵǧբ£žǵĳű㱻رա
֮ڳͷ֮뷢Ѿ׷µԽѦ壬ƿˣķɻϮֻεĴ˳һ֮ء
˴ʱݵĽӴսǽˡ
һʧСҪڸտʼʱǼĳǹʧġ
˵ˣһʧı㻹࣬Ϊµļй
ָзô󲿷ֶȻ˻سУϾǳ˵һʧȻǸΪĶࡣ
ʱ㲻òھ֮Ĺеɺ뵽ǰߣʱ׼ǡ


642 
˵˻سе񣬲ûж¾ȨȥǱȥ˳»ʵۡ
⼸Ľĵط
ӽʡʮ
֮̾µĸֱӲ뵽˽֮Уӹ˽ľȨ
˴ʱ˿
ԭղڽ֮ϣ˳»ʵҪȨΪ˳»ʵ۳ɱֻΪ˵õЩӵĿȨ
ĿǴﵽˡ
ϽµĽϢһ
˵ʱڳ㣬Ѿʿʼˡ
ֻСŸֵĹеʼĽӽǵĳǽмʮ͵Ͷʯʼǽ֮Ͷžʯ
ǽҲʾֵǿͣ
Щӽǽʿǣܼ֮£ǵһһš
ȴûһ󳷣ҧһܹĶƴĽӽǽ
ΪǲǰȫһЩΪϵЩ֣ҲäģǶڽĳǽµһСƬҲΪ
Ȼ˵Щ˲ϳǽµʿسʿȴ׼žĹľʯӳ
ЩľʯǺõģһҲǵ
˵ģǴӳ¥֮ϲͣĹ̵Ľ֭
⡰ֵ֭ͦģʵǷˮӲ֮С
ⶫҪǽϣ̾Ƥǣ˿Զ޷ϣҸϸ˵壬ûпصĹŴԤʾѾˡ
վ㿴ҵĹսҲЩǳ֮⣬ʲô취߳ǣ
˫ҵĹսʱ򣬾ǵͻȻˡ
žʹӳ֮ӿı
ڽӵ֮ҲһΪ˳»ʵҪɾǰ͵Ϯ
Ҳҵæͭࡣ
һͭ죬Ѿɱѽѷֵ˫Ҳʼ˽Ӵ
ϽԼµĴѦ壬ǰȥפԷһҪסԷ
ڰѦ֮Ͻʮ˺ʮ֮
Ĵƽԭ֮ϴ˽ʱҲз
ʱһƥ̽ɿĽӽ
ʮĵطͷ֮Сܼǰϥڵء
˧оʮţȥ
һüô£ѵ˵ڷڧĻؼʱ̶Էôֱ
˭
ش˧ǽ񡣡
һҲ߰˷֡
Ѿ֪زסˣԴĽʡȥˡ
һ룬Ҫ¾ǣƾܣڽʡںߵġ
ֻȷһȥ죬ȵԼ˾֮󣬷·ȥʡ١
뵽֮תͷԼԱߵԽ
һ׷һֱ߳ȥٻ
Խ֮󣬼æǱȭ֡ȥһ֮뿪˴ȥ
ԸЩֿ֮˿ɫѾˣʿǻûгս
ӽûа취ٹˣֻ͵Ӫ
˵Խһܿľ׷Ĵ
±ߵ̽дɵ׷Ŵˡ
һæĴԼţͬʱǧľ˴ĺ󷽡
һ׷ֻһˣ
ϾзҪԼĻƾһҲܡ
ôЩӦԼģֻҪԼԷҲ׳ս
뵽֮һ
ʹҲҵԼµĴˣǧԶ
˫ల£ԽŵֻԶԶĸĴ
ӵر񣬸ӵȷԼжȷģ˽ҲͲѸŵ˷ϣԹԵʡȥ
˵ʱľ֮У˴ʱ˳»ʵ۲֪Ѿҹţ뿪˾ǡ
˳»ʵڽӵر֮󣬵һѪ
Ҫ֪µҲǶʮʮǰȥϮ㣬û뵽ԷȻõȨֱ֮ˡ
һֻʮԼʮĶ׳
Щôֵƻ㣿
뵽֮˳»ʵۼæ˾ӣټٹǴԲߡ
ǵȵ˳»ʵ۴˳̫Ļ֮£Ǵʱ򣬲һѪ˳
ԭڽǱ֮վŵģֻϡϡ߰˸Ա
˴ʱ˳»ʵһĩĸо
־ЩģԴӵǻҲͼΣղðޣô䵽أ
Щָˣ˳»ʵԱߵ̫˵
޵ּ⣬þеĻ׹Ҳּ
˵仰֮˳»ʵ۾˱֮ϣ۵ʹ˵ʲôˡ
µ߰˸Աϱ˳»ʵ۲˵ҲһҿĽǴһĳ֮С
˴Űʱһ󼱴ҴҵĽŲ֮һ̫С˴֮֮˫ϥ򵹶ϱߵ˳»ʵ˵
үܹĻ׹ݶѾڵּ
˳»ʵһüʲôܹģ
˳»ʵ۲ûбֳʲôֻķԸǽɡ
˳»ʵ۵ּ⣬߽ˡ
˳»ʵһ̾һ
ЩǶѾСԼЩ׹Ҳó͢ˡ
Ļ⾩֮мٸԼףôֻ˼ˣ
ڻô죿ѵȥȫץˣ
ˣҲãҪǲصúãҲܸһѪ
뵽֮˳»ʵҲͲЩˣǿӱ֮վ±ߵ˵
Ǹλк˵֮ߣ
±˵ЩǶǱֵһǻģűľģ֮ϵġ
־Ĺؿڣǳʲô⣬Щȴûа취ˡ
һվ±ǳĬ
˳»ʵ̾һֻǵ㽫ˡ
Ӣǽʲô˵֮ߣ
Ҫ˵Ӣȷʵ˳»ʵ۵ĸĻҲܹͳʮפھǡ
֮⣬ӢȷʵЩƽӹ
˳»ʵ۵ѯƿԣֻվ¡
˳»ʵһָˣֻһ±ߵ˿ȥ
һˣˣȺ˵
ֻλǰһ˴롣
ϣֻƴֻֿҪȵԷݺľҲò˱ˡ
ӢվԱ߿һۣλһ֣֪˵ʲôˡ
Ϊû˱֪ھ֮зصиԼʱݵ
Ϊ۾ӱǱݹӦȴǷǳĳԣԲò˽Ϸ˵ǡ
ռɽϣ˵ȫضˣھ֮еһǡ


643 ʳ
ĻӢǷǳľеǣ֮д͵ּˡ
⵹ǣ͢ûгԶ۹⣬ǶڻЩݣͱЩĹԱ⹴ȫˡ
ǶЩͻʵۻ֪һ£ΪȷʵǸð취
Ͼڳ͢мƽ֣֡жڻݲ㹻ǵʳꡣ
ǾͲݣܹôʱ䡣
ã޵ĺûˡ
˳»ʵۼ˼Ȼعͷ˵
Ϊ󶼶һо£ȵ㣬޾ͷΪ̫
˳»ʵҲƴˣǲ׼Լ廹õʱ´λļ̳˵ģΪ˼Ķ־òŵԡ
ƽϹ˹֣֮󣬱㰲˻ذڡ
˳»ʵ˵һЩʿĻ˳ˡ
Ϊ˳»ʵۻҪ˵ʲôڻʹһʱԤ˳»ʵټ
ǿյһһֱȵҹ˳»ʵҲûټּ⡣
ֻôżӣҴҵ
ӹ˾Ȩ֮ſʼ˽⾩ǵر
ֻʮڣʣµ˶ڲˣЩļֻѵͱǿеĸ˳ǽ
ڵѾ׵ˡ
ƾʮʮܹסʮľ
Ҹ˸еķͨ
ǾԼҪƴټһ£ҲԷĻΪݲö˻ɽ
뵽֮ϽĴȥ֮ʮϣʮµӣȫ
ҪЩ˼򵥵ѵһ£ȻϾȥǵڻľ
Ͼ˿ڰЩӼҲжʮ
Ͳܰô˶ɱˡ
һƾžǵĳǸǽԼ⼸ʮڻԼʮľҲֵܹ˱һ졣
ľһȥľǱ㿪ʼ
Ͼھǵϰ˵սʮңԶģοЩطİոӵĽ
ƽˣʵһ˹ؼʱǶı˭졣
һǾǲصʵҲû취ˡ
ıɲǺģץ׳ģЩֿ̾ͱˣҲɱ￴
ǾٲԸ⣬ѪܵĸֵҲֻǿŸ޶ӶŮĿ޺£ɥУȥ
ڶ죬ոʱ˽̳ȥһǺѹѹĶͷ
ӣ±ߵ˶ǳͷβִˣΪ̳֮پۼ˶ʮˡ
ĵͷȻԵһ˵׼ʳЩ˱һ٣֮󷢸ѵ£ܹϳسˡ
Ļ¶Ϊѣҧҧ˵
СүĻǳڵľѾˣټʮ˵ĳԺȣҪֲסˡ
һۣȻ˵ҵľƶִ򿪣㹻ǳԼģʲôĵģ
λεĿһ߶µȥ¶ȥˡ
λ֪ƶѾһʳҲûˣתһȦȥҵ˽Ӣ
Ӣ棬Ҳüͷֱûа취ֻԵ˽̳
ָµʿڼ򵥵ѵЩոټ׳ء
ͻȻױӢ
ӢǲôģΪ˾ǸҷԼµʿƵĶܵӦ֣ĻҲڲƭż˳ǡ
˺ôҲǻүүţҪЩӵģ˽Ӣ쵽Լǰ
ӢϽʩһȻ󹤹վһԡ
бۿһۣȻʵ£
Ӣһ£ǰȭ˵ش˧˧ݵĴġ
ֱӰе˲ӵϡ
˱϶Уˣ㻹ǻȥϽٽʱսϺȡ
Ӣ˿ϵǸ˱ǵĿЦӵĴˡ
ӢߣոտʼʱЩŭһ룬ӢȻ˵ǾҷȴʮֵĻԹɫĻҲõүү͡
ôӢȻԼƤվѵʲôβɣ
뵽֮оһɲõԤв
ʱӢҲȥˡ
˧㿴˱ϵʳȻһŲ٣֮ڼѾˣ˧㡣
֮ŵǱһ亹
Ҫûʳʲôżʮ죿
һӾʹλ֮ӢǰһѾץסĲӣѪ۾ʵ
˵Ŀģ
Ӣػֽһ䡣
ֵʳĶˣ
ѾӢĻˡ
ӢЦһ£Ȼ˵ҾͲ֪ˣ´˧ȥʡ
üͷһ£Ȼ˵ô֪ûʳģ
Ӣ˵¿ֻлϲ֪ˣĸֻ֪Щ˶вһţԴҺƭϰˡ
֮ȻŭһӴγ佣ֵӢĲϡ
˵Ҳ˺ô
ӢԼλεıεĵͷǳˡ
űѾ¶εҪͱȥͣˡ
ǷϵĽеı˵֮ĵԼλ
һأѾԽսȫʧȥġ
ΪٶıûʳιЩˣ²ΪԼسǣЩ˷ء
ӢĵģǻҰ֮ɫæǰһĶ˵
˧ƶֺͼֵʳȻûˣЩʳȴûгǣֻҪ˧¶ģصصġ
۾һʲô
ھ֮еʳһǣЩʳվʳ
Ӣ۾ˣ֪Ѿˡ
˧Щ˱ɶǳ͢ĴУǣһȫǲҪһо
תһ£Ҫ˳»ʵ飬˳»ʵһ˼ھеȶҴץˡ
ĽҲԵķЩʳ֮
ɴһݣԼһնࡣ
뵽̧֮ͷð׹⡣
үүȻǷôＯȻҲҷ֮£²ش˼ˡ
˵仰֮վ±ߵӢ˵
űеⶼҳˣߣɱ⡣
ӢһԭԼһˡ
ˣǲκεΥ
ĩ˧֮
˵仰ָϽĲһ䡣
õʳĩͷ
Ӣ˵껰֮󣬱ת뿪˵㽫̨ʧ˽̳


644 мı
͢һ߻׼սһҲûš
ڰʱ򹥳ʧڴ֮з˼Լսķ롣
Ҫ֪ǣǳ͢겻ͣļӹ޽ɣҪƾűǿйǳأǲܵġ
Ҫ빥ƾǣԼ֮⣬Ӧϣܹ˳Ľǡ
ǣھ֮У㲢ûʲôʵ
һת뵽˼ˡ
Щ˲ˣļͽܣǵļͥɶǴܳ͢Ȩ
ҪЩܹӦܹƭһţԼ˳ǡ
뵽֮㼱æԼױļͽ
ؽ伸ٻҵܿľоʡ
˴ʣؽ伸˸ϽĹ򵹸ʩ
һطǳڵվ⼸ͽһһ
ؽǿЩܳˡ
ǰʱʮעԼʦݣԶؽ伸˶ǲӴɫǽôˣʦѵջ
Ȼ룬ؽȴ¶һվȺķԸ
վ΢Ц˵ھѾΧǾǳǸǽҪǵĻҪʧˡ
˵仰ͣ۾ɨһ¼ͽܡ
ؽĻоĥˣʦ⵽ʲô˼
ЩؽΪģһתʦ뷨
ʦҪԼЩϵھеļˣΪƾǳ
Ҳúؽ⡣
ΪʵԽԽ󣬶ܹܳ͢ƵķΧԽԽСֻоһǳˡ
ڣ˶ѾܳѾǵɽĵزĻӦܹͳһ¡
£ȻԼ£Ҳͽܣ˵ʵûʲô͡
ȵ³ִµʱЩ˿̲ʲôĺô
һᣬ㱻ھǽ£ԼļܹΪ򿪳ţҲĹͣȵµʱЩҲܹƾ˹ͷ
뵽֮ؽվǰ˵ʦҵļھ֮лЩǱ뾩ǣͼеĸһ£ʱΪʦ򿪳ţԼʿǵ
Ǵϲؽǻ飬ԼĻ˵ˡ
ãȻģҲסĳˣȵһٲ˹֮͡
õĳŵؽֿˡ
ڼ֮ԼǺʦΪ׽ģǷ͵ʱʦҲָЩˣһǷԼ
һ뵽ԼҪΪߺؽͰеΣն׵˾⡣
ļͽܽӵĳŵҲﷺֹ
˼ȥøҪ³˻ĻЩͽܡ
һǰ㱣֤һȥϵ壬Ϊ򿪳ƽ·
ĵͷʵŽգνǣ
ؽǻ࿴˿¶һ˿Цݡ
ʦ㲻֪ǰʱѾ͸ĺһҵȵļҲЩϵģҪ˵򿪳ŲܣǼǻǿԵġ
ŷġ
һ£ִӻȡһű飬͵ؽС
ţҪʲôҪң÷ӣȻ֪
ؽ˵Ľӹ֮󣬼˾͹ˡ
ȵǼ뿪˴ʣϵЦ̾ʧˡ
⼸еʵΪԼ򿪳ţֻһ֡
㲢ûаϣȫЩ˵ϣΪǼԼ³ȫ˶֪οǾǱ˳»ʵɵԼµġ
Ҫ˵˳»ʵ۶ǵļûмӼɵǲŵġ
ҲΪЩ˵ļ屳ʵ̫˳»ʵûвȡ˵ֶΡ
㲻ܰϣȫϣʱԼһҪʩչͨȫһΣҪһԼ֮ͨ£⾩ǵǲǹ
ڶ糿Ĵðս֮㳲ǵĳǽ֮¡
ȵڴߵĸ̨ϣִ򾩳ǵĳǽۿǵһ
Ϊ֣ھǵĳǽ֮ϣʿ飬
ǰԼǵԼЩȫˣҲ޷ƾǵĴš
üʱԱߵһƥϣĸԽȴһЦ
صģЩ˱Ͽ˶ڣʵҿֻǲݽ档
֮üͷȻɫЩõʵǺεɲҵģԴ󡣡
Խһ֣Ȼ˵˧ǵľж̽ͻȻôˣһǾеĴ󽫣ץ׳ǰ
˵ʱԽһ£Ȼ۾͸һ˿ĳЦ
Ĵһûжپ飬Ϊʱǿļô׳ҰǸϳǳسǣϿӵʵʵһ˾ǴƵʱһӵӣֲûʿԭȵľ񲿶ӡ
һ£ȷʵϾЩͷһ컹ͨ񣬵ڶҪսɱһء
ҪڼƵ£Щ˻ܹǿ֣Ҫһƣ뵽Ĳǵֿܡ
뵽֮ĵǷ˼֡
ʼӵ򾩳ǳȥ
ʿĹǣܿľͱһưˮ
Ϊ֮һļʸҸֹľʯòһͣӡ
Լʿֻһ˲أڵѪ֪¾ܺˣҪԺ˾ͻṦһ񣬸տʼǰ˾Ͱˡ
㲻ûô󳷣ǴţǺţĴսġ
ĺԼһĹЩʿǸӵķӵǰǽ֮¾һҵɱ
㿴һ£֮ԵԽ˵ʱƿشǣȥǰʿһ֮
ԽķԸϾλ˧Ҫʲôˡ
Ͻıȭ֣˧ǰȥｻĩˡ
΢Цļ֮󣬽еݵԽС
תʱԱߵĶѾʹ˸ɫ
Ѿʱ䳤ˣһ˲˼΢ɲŵ˵ͷͬʱַŵ˻С
Ѿ׼Ųŷġ
ֻɱ˴һǰһͨȵӽǽʱѾ䵽˼ʮɸ¡
ڳǽ֮ƴسǵЩʿԼ׳ǣôȻﱼųǽˣѾŵֽŷ
һùǵʿǿץסˣ˺ܿľм˳˳ǽռһСĵط
ڳ¥ڶսһ֪ãҪǲˣ¾ǽҪơ
͵ľ˳¥ӻȡһöơ
ֻĸһöƣȻԼѪ֮ϡ
öƾͱѪɫͬʱһâʱڻʹҲһ⣬ѪɫĹâʼӦ


645 
еͻϽģⶫҲ˳»ʵ۵ѹ׵ı
ǿʵۣԼı۹ɵġ
÷ǳļ򵥣ûѪֹܹǿС
Ҳûȱ㣬Ǿǿʵ۵ĹͷÿһʩչͨٻᱻȾһ֣Լ֮ͷͻ顣
ֻǻʳֶһ㲻ʹá
һؾѾΣ˳»ʵ۾ǲҲûа취ˣŽ
ֻеѪɫĹâ;֮ǽɫ˹һǰδеѹٵԡ
Ȼ˵ƣòûж˽⡣
Ȼʩչͨʹ۰
ֻǴǳһЩֻſƴһ
ѾٵһӾͱ뵽֮ڣͿʼҵͿ
׳Ҳ˾ҵı仯ϿʼƬҲʼצ
Ȼʱ廹ûô󣬵ɢһҲ
ʱҪǽµ㣬Ҳо˳¥ϵǹϡ
ǰɢ޾ѹܹʱ͵նɴȺ࿹⡣
ǺںնɴȺսѾȫĿȥ˵Ѿȥˣʲôѵӹײֱĳˣ
ڵλ棬ͲᷢʥĵطҲʲô顣
ڶļɵ㲻ͣ˽Ų
ʱ򣬳ǽ֮ϵһ⣬ɫĹâԾ˳ǽֱ
ʱͨ۹֮£Ѿʲôһ
ɢϣȴ͵һģһ
ֻƮǰ΢ͣһ£ȻϵĹâӵҫ֮һŵĵһײȥ
Ȼʩչ˷صͨ޴ޱȣȴһҲأֻԱ߿һ㿪һµĹ
еҲ
ڶ֮͵ؾ̧֣ǽ˹ȥ
Ҫ˵Ȼͨ󣬵ǿûкܺõİա
ϻʮֵķǳڱ˹Ҫסƣһʱ겻ɡ
Ĺ˳ȥƣһӾͰĵ˵¡
龰Цһ£ţƾҵĸղŵͷۣҲĳࡣ
鲢Ȼ˵ϣһӣֻҡһԴ֮ܿһηɵ˰֮С
һȸղҪˣٶһЩܿľĽǰ֮ſԼľ޿ڣ͵ľһڻ档
ӿĻ棬ֻһ֮Ϳ
커ػʮԪү껤»ջʱײ㻤뱱϶ɼ̫Ͼ뷡
ǽ׻䡣
ܻģͨʮ仯֮һȻ෽ռҲûռ
ֻܱͨһ£ʩչ˽׻䡣
׻ҲģȻ˵ڵԻʱȲϱܻ䣬ҲǲСӡ
絽ϵĻ棬̾ϵһĽ⣬ܿľͱѹȥ
һԾϿ֮ľ޽žͷϲ˹ȥ
ĹҲʾֻԼƬҳצ֣һУȻסˡ
֮һֻҲ˹ҪץסĽס
óѣֻԱһĹһֻ˹
һ飬һα˳ȥ
һûһſǽһ׷
Լ֣ͽץУ֮һץࡣ
ͻȻŷһĽ⣬ôҲ޷ͻǵĻ֡
ôסˡ
ԭŷĽļӳ֣Ͽʮֵκβ
ʵȴҪġ
ʱƣ͸оѾڵЩѸٵģҪôһҪᱻԭΡ
뵽֮ҲǷĺݣֻһȫĵ֮󣬱ŷһǰδеĽɫ⡣
ɫĹâӰȴγһֵһӾͰָſˡ
ԱһԾġ
˫Ǵϴ򵽵£ӵִϣһֱսҲʤ
Լʿʧ̫ˣҲûȤȥˣǸϽȦ⣬ԼĴӪȥ
ֻǿȥû׷
ܿӪ֮ڣʹһӵͭ죬Щɱµʿͭ
һĴսƽϢˡ
ʱҲһ˳ǽ֮ϵ״ʼսҲָ˵ĴС
ʱлһ˿ϲ
Ҫ֪ǵһĸˣԼȻܺԭȵʦڵĵһִսôʱ䣬ʤ˵ԼڵͨҲȥġ
մմϲʱͻȻ֮оԼһ˿
оһȥӻȡöơ
ֻɢһĺ⣬ͬʱϻһѺۡ
һҪƻˣٴǰζԵУ
뵽֮Ͻסƣͬʱʼٻ֮Ҫ޲öơ
ǽӵľսˣԭٻ˰죬Ӿֻ֮Ʈ˵һ˿
͸ղӿȫĲͬ
ԭŴܳ͢Ʈ죬Ǿ֮̾Ҳʼ˥
ǴܳĻڸǻ֮ļʮλʵۣȻΪһ˿䣬ĵľ͸ӵ
ղűôʹãʱĵĲˡ
̾ڻʹϿյ˽Ҳ޷ֳһ˿ˡ
˰أղŵܾȫûˡ
һײһӣȻû˾񣬵ȻҪǿԼľ񣬿ʼ̵ղŴսʧ
һ̵ӵֽűˡ
ԭǴƣгǽΪ֧ţһսǾȻʧһˡ
д󲿷ֶԭȵĽʿ
Щ׳ʧǲ⵹ǷսḻЩ˷ǳܺЩĵطǸͲǰա


646 ͵
һձ֮ҲԱʧС߰ǧɥǧˡ
Ծļ̵Ĵǣʧܹܵġ
͵ؽڳϵǵļˣܲӦˡ
ӦûжģΪھ֮ڣӦúܶ˵Լ
ΪԼĲƲѳ͢˳»ʵۣӦǺܶ뷨еһ취
Ȼڵҹʱ㻳еһű鿪ʼð˵Ĺâ
㼱æӻȡȻ뷨
ţͺǿűϵһͬʱǾǵĳһҲһ˽ͬ飬˫Ȼűһ
ʦҵĸԸͶֻʦƳ֮󱣻ҺͲƲʧ
ףҪһˣĻЩʱܸı⡣
ؽ䣬ĸףֻҪܹͶ򿪳ţȵƳ֮Ǵһ棬һӷ͡
ĻظؽԵĸ
ʦģѾļʦֵˣǸԵļ嶼Ѿʦհ
һ˿΢Ц
ǿ׼ˣʲôʱ򿪳ţ
ʦ²˳٣䣬ǾڽϾʹϳţʱʦǣӦȡ˾ǡ
ãȻҾϳֻҪǳŴ򿪣Ͳǹܡ
лʦ֧֣ҹŴ֮Ż֮лȦʦˣҵѾĳţʦܷĽǡ
ˡ
ڽ֮ͨǴϲ֮ϽλȻȥҹھǵϳš
˵֮еؽ䣬ڽ˺֮ͨתĸ˵
״ˣѾʦϵˣš
ؽ˵⻰ǳĿǸ̸֮Լ˾㱨
ҲԹҪǵؽóĻҲᱻ͵ȥʿ
ؽĸףѾˣ˸һС٣ԭȵְλ˵ƷȥˣȨȴûԭȵʮ֮һ
֮ûҪҲ˳»ʵۼɵ㣬һӰֵµǼˡ
ټЩÿһд֧֣һӳ߰˸壬󾩳ǿҲȡ
˳»ʵŽ㼸ͽܵĸԼˣȫҪλϵĲҪĲš
ʹ˳»ʵҲģֵµ̽ЩҹӣֻҪһ˿紵ݶ˳»ʵжΣѿ֮С
һؽܹ֮ϢǱУǻǵЩ㣬ȷʵѧһЩ
ټЩȷʵǽߣھ֮лవ֣ʱ׼⡣
ƾЩǰĲãؽŻױ֮ĵǱ˼Уĸȡϵ
ĸһ˵Ҫ֮Զûд̾ʹӦˡ
˭Ҳܿܳ͢ϾҪ군ˣܹʱͶ㣬ҲǴ֮
ټԼĶؽ˺ĹϵԺԼļµĳ֮͢ڣҲ֮ء
Ȼ˭ܶ˳»ʵ۵ģ
ؽĸΪ˸ĹͣϾԼĸܵϵ˼Լĺѣɳ˺ͽԼǵļϵ
ܵĴ̣Ҿһ£Ϊϳš
Բؽ顣
ڵϿҪӽʱؽеǰϾۼٶҶ
ЩÿһףֳУͬʱϻŹһǾѵ±뺷ӡ
Щؽеİ֣׼ʱƾЩ˱ġ
ؽĸԼ׵ĺӣվԼԵĶӣƤ˵
ҰѼһжˣҾǰȺǵĺϢ
˵仰֮еһƿ֮󣬱ȻȻ뿪˹㳡ǰڽ֮ϱĿԡ
ڸ׵ĶؽǿǴƿװŵһǺ׶졣
ĸѾ׼ãܳ£̾ͷԾ
ǲ뱻˳»ʵץȥ֮Ƥ֮ࡣ
ؽĬĬĵ˵ͷ֮תżټұĵĳ˺ţ֮ϳǱȥ
ھ֮УȻ˵ǲľԱЩѲߵ˶Ǹոļ׳ΪЩڳǽ֮ϷأȻûЩѲߵ¡
ΪЩѲߵûʲô飬ؽ˺׵ľǱ뵽ϳǸһ̵ĺԺ֮С
֮ؽǵһžſ̵
һףԺеЩҶǡ
Щһ۾ſڣеĸֵѾˡ
ؽİ˰֣²̫š֮˷ֱǱںŵңʱӦͻ֮¡
ؽڰź֮󣬸ϽűߣûϵĿţĵ
СѾˣ͹ҪʲôĻ硣
ؽĻ˵꣬߾ʹϤ
Ｑ衮򡯣ͨͨڡ
ؽ⻰һȻİŴ򿪣ŷһԭʦز
ԼˣؽشţزӯһӾʹУŴ߹ĽİٸֳУ׵׳
һӵʱ䣬ؽļʦǶջĺԺԺоȻ˽ǧ˵ľҶ
ؽ˵ˣʱҲˣǶżʦܵ˵ͷȻӻȡ˵귫
һʱǼǰȸسŵЩһ󵴻귫ֵ֮µ˴򿪳ţѸʦţȻʣµǼسţֵʦˡ
ļĬĬĵ˵ͷʼԼװ֮Ǳĵ뿪СԺʼＱٵǰ
ȵϳŵʱ򣬷Ϣֻʿ޾ɡ
ؽһϾֹͣ˽ŲΧһɹա
ؽԵؿգͣˣϽʵʦôж
ؽ۾Ķųſڣ˵ҸоЩԾ
Ԫʱں߳˵ˣҲҪж
ؽʦܵĻһ£Ҳֻˡ
һ֣ߵʿ̾Ͱγĸֵ֮󣬾ͷӵؽҲŵ귫˶ǰߡ
ǿҪӽǽʱͻȻ֮һͭ
߾Ļѣľ˷ӿ˹ؽм䡣
ؽǿŷӵˣϲûʲô仯Ϊղ׼ͻϮʱǾ֪ܻᷢ
ʱȺ֮һ죬ˣǵʦ
Ѿû˵緢ǻҰ۾ȴѩ
ʦֵǾˡ


647 
ǰļʦܣ΢΢鴤¶
ǼôĵӣȻҴ
ؽŵ귫۾ǰ̾һ
뵱ͽܵʱ򣬶ЩʦǷǳչ˵ġ
ĸʦһͷȵģչˣʳޡ
ЩʦǶǷǳи飬мӡ
û뵽ھȻ
ؽüͷһ壬һתͰЩ׵һߡ
Ҫ֪ɲֻһˣһӴļ塣
ؽŵ귫վǰȵ
ʶĸϽͶȻʦ˳ǳأһСʯ١
⻰۽ǵ׹ӵʢˡ
ҲٺؽЩ˶ϻˣֻһ֣˷ľ̾ͿʼŹ
Ǽʸһؽ
ؽЩױÿһǼǶס
ټŶƺͱǵĵһû𵽶á
ܵĹؽЩҲûиţֻؽͼʦһҡеĵᦡ
ǵᦵһĲƣʼٵһӡ
龰üͷһ壬о͸ӵķߺˡ
Ƕʱ䣬ı£ֻһЩĹ򣬸ûз
ȵ뿪̾ϵڷ跨
Ծ㣬ڸտʼʱͶ˽䱸
ѾЩˣֻӻٴȡǿű顣
Ŵӱϵһ˿⡣
˿⣬ǳ͢
˿ڰʱ˽ģҪǶԸ㣬ȻûκãҪԸؽ⼸ȴʡ
ֻһ֣ѾʼؽǼ͸оڵķһЩӳ٣ԭ˳ˡ
֮Ѿʼ˸˷ĵ귫Ҳʼİһ
һؽ֪϶ͷˣǻ࿴˿ֱӾͽ귫ڵĻУȻǼҲ԰γЩױһ֣Ȼͷӵ˹
Գؽǣ΢΢һЦȻĶԵױԸ
ظ飬ɱۡ
ЩʿڵķԸ֮Ҳˣһļʸͣ£ǰѿһĳǹ
ؽһߣȴŲͣµļʸž޴ҧǰ塣
òǲŽӽԷĴ
Եһųĳǹ
֮Ҳûк˵ˣؽǻŶƣֵŲ̹ͣĳǹһеĳҪǹС
ķչȴؽİض
ȻǴĶǾױÿһؼףѾкƵĳǹҲеôá
һĹЩױǾʧİˣʣµҲǺܶ඼ˡ
ҪôȥûаĹЩ˾Ҫˡ
뵽ؽҧҧͻȻһȻӻȡһŷ֮͵ľȥ
ŷǵС˴սʱ͸ؽǵġ
ÿһŷ֮жһֻ
ؽȻ䣬ǻмűؽߡ
ⶫٻǷͬСɣؽǰЩ䵱Լѹ׵ıɴұ뷨
ڵΣʱ̣ٲãҪˡ
ؽóⱦ
ֻһ֮У͵ľͻ˻ҽŴҽ֮гһֻצĹ֡
һУһǾѿˡ
ΪŵŨŨѪζЩ˵ǴĲƷǳζʳ
Ҫʱͳȥһ˵ʱؽ˶ֻһȻһָ
ֻ̾˸Ӧ㻯һֱ̣ȥˡ
Էɳ۶һ㶣ܿͷԭлֻء
ȻⱦϵѾˣⱦ鱾һаı
ڷôϡ
ʵҲֻۿҪɵߣͻȻ֮ǸӦʲôȻԱһܣùһͨʿ
ԱߵˣͼʿۿɼٶȥûмĹͱһƤͷ
ֻ֮һžžʿ͵˵ϡ
վԶؽһѵʲôЩɵ
ɱҲûʲô飬ֻҪҶԷͣԼǰ򿪵ĳţʦ˳ǣͷۣҲӲʦͨ
뵽֮ؽһ̾˸Ӧ͵ؾһ˳ȥ
һ¶ЩˣϾ˶已̥ŷԼĹ֣Ҳпԭ
ؽҪľæļʦ˵ʲôˣϿóȻĻԺûˡ
վؽԱߵزЩԸˡ
ʦ֣ҿһѾܽЩ˵ĶˣûбҪҲñɣ
ؽݺݵĵһۣȻ˵㻹ҪҪˣеʱ䳤ˣҪΧ˹ǾͷҲȥ
ز龰ҲЩΣǴӻȡŷֽ͵Ҳ׵˿С
ؽһֱѵġ
˵صĹѽҾͲһŷ䣬ɵãﴧš
Ҳ˲˵ЩˣæļʦҲĻ֡
Щûа취ֻǸԴӻȡ˸ʽķ䡣
еҲؽ䣬ǲһ״͵
еĵʱսϾѾùˣֻǴӻȡѾһЩ
ЩУһ˵ģǳֶѾĻģ˱Ѿһֻӡ
ֻֻһӵУ̾ʹŹǼֱͻ϶ֱվ˹ȥ
ҲǺͶѾһʱģȻ֪ⱦ˻ûűԱߴ˹ȥ
ҲʣûжѾͨҪǶѾʩչ϶»û£һĹ±ߵϣ䲻ƶ
Ȼ˵Ƕһȴûôˣֻ϶µķŽ±߽˹ֻôһм˵
ؽ龰һȻ͵һ֣ʹµЩȱڳ˹ȥ
Զ龰ҪٴεǰΧѾˡ
Ϊʮֻڲͣ·ˣЩʿǶѾµȽŷܹüԮ
һ¾ؽǴΧۿžҪſڡ
Զ龰ЩݣֻԱһ֣̾ʹԶƳ˼ֻţ
ȻǱȳǹҪֵĹ㱻ϣ֮һ֣ⳤ㱻˳ȥ


648 
ţɲСÿһҶҪʮ˲ɣܹ͸ɳǽ
ţ󣬴سǵŲ˳£ɼԽжôӡ
һ£ʮ֧˳
ʵǰţֵһ˲䣬ؽǾѾˡ
ؽֵ֪ز˺Ѿû·ˡ
ǲܲ˾ͱųȥ
Űţһ߳˴
ЩһȥĸʿᱻǽϣϴŵЩ׾ֽһһ
ڶǰļֵܣҲЩצ
ؽǿסȻָڿƮŵЩ֣ţȥ
˵һлǺõģЩʿǣһƮһŵֽŷѾûа취ˡ
ôһĹ򣬵ͷһѾƮǵϿգŴ֮и¡
ǸָŰţľһӾͱָˣҽжûзѸٵĻһãˤ˵ϡ
ʿһ⻹ʲô򣬸Ͻɡ
ˣЩΧڰţԱߵʿǱһɢ
Զ۾ðˣǶƮŵĹ֣ȷʵûʲô취ˡ
ҲǴܳˣĵ̫ҪǴܳʢʱ̣Щֻһھǣ̾ͻᱻǵѹ촷ۡ
˵ؽµʿôһЩģǴŵļˣѾֻʣһٳͷˡ
Ѿӽ˳ţֻҪǴ򿪳ţǵˡ
ؽǵ˳ſڲŷ֣鲢ô򵥡
Ǻĳ⣬һǧբ
ƽƽʱڣǧբһǲģý̽ڰ֮С
ھڷսǧբȻ
ؽֱš
Ǿİ취Ҳ޷ǧբ
ʱѾ¾£ڶǰһŵĹ֡
Ѿңھ£ʿֻǱһ뷨Ҫӳʿһս
˳ſڲŷ֣ؽǾȻǧբסˡ
춼ԼȻǾͲˡ
뵽һ֣Щ뷢
ؽҲǺǵģȻ˵һʱĽǣǺܿѹڼĹһ̾֯µļҶöһʱǽڣֵŷļʸ
ؽҲ֪ⲻǳ֮ƣòһٻѾҰ˵Щ֡
ЩһγЩ֣øȡʱ䡣
һָӿɲˣЩֽѾʳ̫ѪʳѾЩ鲻ܲˡ
ЩȻİһ巢ͣɢĺ⣬Ʈ䲻
˼Ǽֱţؽһһҧһ취
Ǿʩչһţûȫյͨ
ͨڵλҲ־ͽ򡱡
ֻؽʿǰγһʡЩķ
ӽڵվ˫ֿʼᷨӡҲʼз䡣
߾λҾϰʮţ¹غϻԶ̫Ͼ⡣
ŷ꣬ؽ忪ʼļҲʼʵ˴һȦ
ֻ͵۾֮ųһĹâ
ⲢĽ⣬һɭİĺ⡣
ʵ˵ʵֻһЩĻĹ֣ǽʥ彫
ؽڵ֮ϷųİɭĹâΪһλڤؽ˯Ĺ
һ¸ոʱǲֱӾôķġ
ֻʦ㣬ȻͨؽλĹϵ
ؽϰͨʱЩ̣ȻǹͨԼϣʱ䲻̫ʱ̫ĻͻԪ
ֻؽ䣬ǺݺݵĵԶһۣзһĳޡ
ں޲̾ͳǰȥ˺ƬȻѪ̡
⵹ؽԼ뷨ѾİԲԾıȾ
ؽ֪ĵ׵һ̾ͽ뷨ѹȥ
תȥֱǧբ
ǧբſڣץסǧբĵһֻ̧һĺ¡ǧբȻ̧
ԶѾĿɿڴ
Ҫ˵ؽ˽ⳬʦܣؽȻЩСһʱҲû˵ʲôѽ
ʹ֣Ҳǽ
㶵ʱһؽһһǧբ߸ߵ
ЩʦܼǷӵǰǧբȻҪ򿪳š
ȫǼˣʹģµʿǷӵǰҪסؽǱסŲʧ
ˡ
õϢʱֻŽЩһ򾡣ʹ˸ɻҪٴ
û뵽Ȼؽǳ˳ȥ
֪ͼдؽǼȫˣǳ˼ңҲڳſڰڿƣƾؽǵ˸岻ġ
ʱĳţ¡¡ıһ졣
ʾʹ˳ȥȻеĻ˼Ȧ
ԶˣǴϲǾʹ߶ֱˡ
ʱڳڵҲƴȫˣʹĴǰͺ̣ܿؽǴļҶ˲أʣµʮ˲ò˵ؽԣΪػ˷Ĺ
ؽļʦܣҲƴĻӶԼеĵ귫ֵһǱߵĹ
ٶȣĴûſڣؽǾҪһˡ
ʱվڳſڵʣԶ㣬غʦ
Զзﵽ󼰵ĵزɵľʵ
Ͼ֪Щˣҵ˦˴ʩչֻͨһ˳ſڡ
ӶеıֻǱųһ⣬ǺĳžȻһ͸ʮ顣
ٽĳһֻŵŶʿڷӿؽѾǱɫ࣬ѾʼϾҪ̧ǧբˡ
龰æǰһ̧̾סǧբ
˽Ӱ࣬ؽһеǹйˣȻͲ̱˵ϡ
ڿɹ˲ùģؽֻ֣ԶЩӵʿһӡ
ȻһɻвӵԶЩʿȥ
ЩѾеʿǣͻĻûˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôɵģֻһ˲Щʿǻ˻ҽ
ѾҪӽŶԶϾʹһ飬ȻʶſǱסˡ


649 ѳ
ѾûʲôȨ뷨ΨһͷǸϽȫ
ǵѾˡ
жôϬֻһɨȺ֮ҵ
һһ״бڶֱԶ
ڸûа˼ҪȺ֮гء
ôһСС
ոյתʱѾϣҽжûüͱ˻̿
ЩǼͳ˧Ѿ̾ûս˼±ɢӡ
龰Ǵϲֻһ֣Щʿӵĳ˳š
ŴǣڵʿѾȫҳһš
ڴ֮㼱æµĴԽȥոţԼҲһСֱʹ
ȵĴ˻ʹſڵʱȴѾǳŴ󿪣ߵĹŮ̫಻ʱıŰܳ
Щ˲ûĩյıˣһЦ춼ֵˡ
ǰĶֵƣ°뱲Ȼٻ
ЩҲãһĻҲܹӭ㡣
Ҫ֪ѾѻʹеĶԼˣЩ˴С࣬Ǹѽ
ѽЩС͵Ȼҵǰô޼ɵ
뵽һ֣ߵЩʿ̷ӵǰֱӾͰ⼸Ů̫ˣȻǵеİˡ
ļױǰȥЩ£һ֮㿴ҲǾʹ˻ʹ
֮̾µױʼĴѲ飬һҪҳ˳»ʵۡ
ֱɫĻʹѾǷһ飬Ҳûҵλܳ˳»ʵۡ
һЩצˣڽǴϽȥѵ˳»ʵˡ
̾ʶãҪ˳»ʵӵ˾ǣȻķƣôȫԴΪ壬Լԡ
뵽㼱æٴδվţ̰ҰѲ飬һҪҳ˳»ʵۡ
µЩҲ֪أڽӵ֮ǿʼǻʳ֮ڰҰѲ顣
֮лڰɲһС̣ɲһʱܹ쵽ģҲܹΪ¾ʲôҲˡ
ڰź֮̾ʹԼĴǣȻ󰲸ա
ʱͻȻһױǰؽĸǰ
֮󣬼æ˸Ͽ콫뵽֮ڡ
һױؽһ˽˽Ǳ
ؽһϵ㣬æǰһڵϿͷ˵΢꣬꣬꣡
ǿڳ꣬оͷһϲ⣬ܿͰѹȥ
ԼֻǸոյõ˾ܣѾԼжд̣ʱԼɲܹͿ
뵽֮ɫһһģ鰸վ±ߵˣǵ
ұǴܳĹʦʲô겻꣡Ҫô˵ɱ顣
±ߵʲôˣڹٳ֮ϴһӵģһ⻰˼
Ͻߵͷ
Ǳְ˵˻ʦ˼£ˡ
ôʶȤǻһ±飬Ȼƹ鰸ףǰԽ
ˣһҾܹƾǣĹͲС
˵ʱһ£Լ£Ҫ˵սĴ󽫲٣Ҫ˵һǳأ󲿷ֶǿŽƵЩ֡
ԼѾ˽ƺܴȨּ鲼Լ
Ȼ˵ԼҪƣΪԼĶºܣԼûгɾǰҪһЩƺ⡣
΢΢һЦļ򣬶˵ҳǣ鲻˽⣬ɣӽ쿪ʼͳܾ񡣡
һ⻰ĻֻͨһǰͷأȻ˵
΢ڴ˵ΪֻдӽԺˡ
ЦЦһ˺α˵һ˹ǫˡ
˵ʱתվһԵؽ˵㸸׷
ؽ伱æǰԼĸס
վ֮һ£Ȼ㱨ҾҪ£ǿӪеĴ󽫲ϣдһ飬Ҳ÷¡
˵ͷֱǸϽƻ鰸ϱֳһдʥּĽˢˢдһ顣
д֮ûٴףؽ֡
ؽ龰Ͻǰߵ֮ϣԡ
һֽ̧дõݵؽǰȻ»ӵĻ֡
ؽϽӹ֮Сĵ˸׵ԣվԲ
ˣǵͰˡ
ƣҡ
ΪҪµʱǰһ㱧ȭ֡
ھǻܳ׹ݣ֪Щôá
һüЩ˿Ǵ֧ܳߣʲôʱ򶼲֧Լ
ȻôԼֻǷˡ
Щ˵ļҶҳˣõȫڿ⣬ھá
˵ʱЩͷ۵Ķͷ
˵ЩԼǵļҾ𣿡
˵ʱЩԥ
±ߵӣһתҪʲôˡ
ɲԼˣȻᵣȴǰºӡ󣬽ɻڴﲻڻ¡
Ҳ˵˹֣Ŷؽ뿪˻ʹ
ʹߵʱؽԼĸס
ϵô£Ϊʲô㲻ڻʹ֮ڷԣ
ԼԸӣЩɸ֡
ҲǣȻ˵֮ɻڴǱϾԼӵġ
ĻԼҲὫ͵ǸСʿѧ
֪ʲôԭȵʱʦͽĹϵȻ׽ʲô
˵ʱ۾˿ԼСӡ
۾֮ŵԼ⣬ؽ䶼һ
ǵƾܣܿľܺɨǸʱǻڻ£ôǵͲʦˣӡ̫׽ˣЩͬǹ㣬пʱ䳤Ļ񣬵ʱǰ̾ˡ
˵ʱ̾˿
ʵ˵ĵ˵ǶԴܳиģҲϣܹ췴ɹ
ķչɲԼֻΪ˼壬Ϊ˺Ͷˡ
뵽ʱֶؽ˵ȥ֪ͨǼʦܣǵĸ׵ҵĸһۡ
˵仰ʱ㲻ؽ䣬תԼĽȥ
ؽ俴Ÿ׵ĽԶȥ¶һ˿ļЦ
⸸׻Լ뿪еʱǸʲô֪Сƨ
ؽܿľЦݣվڻʹ۾գҲ֪ʲô


650 
ڻʹ֮Уһڰپǣһȴĵȴ±˸Ϣ
˳»ʵһ첻ҵһûаġ
ڵʱϢǰ
㹥ƾǵĵϣ˿мʮ˴ҴҵĴһլ֮г֮󣬳˳ţֱȥ
Ϣ֮Ͼףһ˳»ʵһˡ
ΧնɴȺʱ򣬸տʼʱʧ˳»ʵ۾ӵ˻սʱѡ
ԵնɴȺȻǰѰƣɼǻ֮һʲô֪Ķ
뵽֮ЩҪ˵ԼӦǰ꣬һ򾡡
ǻ֮ǱصĶȴЩɵ
˼ȥһվзų˼ᶨĹâ
Ǹǻǻ㲻ԼҲܷ˳»ʵۼңȥĻһʱըʱпܰԼ½ը÷ǡ
뵽֮վ˭Ҳûиߣĵ뿪˻ʹɵ֮У׼ֱͶȥ
Խӽ꣬еĲԽΪǿҡ
һӰͣл㣬ôҲ޷ɢ
Ҫ֪Ѿﵽ˵ɵļ£ĸӦϵ
иУԽ¾ʾ
뵽㲻ɵð·겻Զһɽ֮ϡ
վ㿴ԶģӴļʮޣһЩ
ΪɢеĲֻǹĹʩչͨ⼸ʮ꿴ȥ
һҪŵľս
ԭ⼸ʮ꿴ƽƽûʲôʵǰǶλá
⼸ʮ֮ϣ̾żѾҪ̵
Ƕǳ֮һʱȫڻ֮ϣЩγһɱ
Ȼûм󣬵ǹǴɢɷ֮࣬͸оͷۡ
ֲõնɴȺͨҲҵ
ܳĿʵ۹Ȼһʱ˽ܣȻʵ۵壬ơ
Ѿ˻ʳĩգǰĻʵһ̵ķ
վɽЩԥҪҪһꣿ
㻹¶ǰ֮һ̽ҪԭǽһԼĻʶԼͨȻǲ£ԼҪ⣬ʱʱ
ȻɴԼðգΪɨϰ
뵽֮¶һǻƮȥ
㲻֪ӽʱڻһ˸Ӧ
˲ǲӰ˳»ʵۡ
ڵ˳»ʵ۷ǳǱֻżʮˣһ֮С
ʵ˳»ʵ㹥ǵʱԤ⾩ǿزסˣû뵽Ľչô죬ʳǾȻڼ֮ھ͹ˡ
˳»ʵۻûаϣòǱӵ֮С
֮еʵۿڿഫ˳»ʵҲڸʱ򣬲ŴеõϢ
ΪⱲԼԶܶãû뵽컯ŪˣⱲӾȻڶνѡ
αѣһαһգһεĻʱ㣬̫࣬Լ
һԼ㵽ʱȴЩ已̥ûһͨ
˳»ʵԹ̾ʱͻȻ֮һʶ͸оһǿϢڽӽꡣ
˳»ʵ۸Ͻվʯмһ̨֮ϣһͭ
֮ͭУǳԵ¶ݡ
ʱոΣϾҪꡣ
˳»ʵۿˣһȻĿ־ӿ뵽ϡ
ɿ־ܿľͱѹȥΪһϲִĵð˳
磬˳»ʵһ㣬Ȼ޻֮
ʲôطǴܳʵ۵ޣԼĵ̡
ȻͶԼҪｫɱˣֲû̡ܹ
뵽˳»ʵԽԽ˷ܣֻҧʳָ֮֮ͭڡ
֮ͭУͿʼһģʼһ߾£
֮Уֵɽɫɵ硣
ʱոյĽıԵͻȻ֮͸оԼα˰֮С
Ȼ͸оεʼһ߾£֮УֶǽɫĹâ
ЩâҪͨ˿ǳƯҲᵱʥ֡ȴ޾ɱ
Լ֮ڵķѽȻ취
ȻķѾתһӴ֮Ƿ̾ͻɢ
һȻˣԼǻʳˡ
ǳ⣬˵ɣȴֲǣΪܹ޵֮ʹá
ȴܹѹ޵֮˵ķұضʹá
Ӧҽϰյ۶ɡ
ΪļģۼӴޱȣͨ޵֮ˣһ޵ķܹƥеġ
ҪԿҲֻͬȼˡ
뵽֮⣬һתͰ˼ϵķ
дʣȻǸһ
ʱڼϳһ֮ۡڵĽƣĶﶺء
ͻȻ֮䱾ЦЦݣ¶һ˿ʹࡣ
Žƾ͸оһ޵ƣ뿪壬ֱԶƮȥ
ʲôˣǿǰ̵ʥĸһֱ͸Կ
ˣⲻԵģˡ
֪֮оǴŭ
Ҫ֪һԼһʵ˵ΪҪĶ
һȻķȻҶԼϵ
뵽ƱźǰһȻһֻ˳Զȥһץ
˵ƣ⺢ӵĸף˵Ȼľ׽
ҪƽʱƾŽƵݣҲκεķ
һȴһƵķոһӴ̾ͱɢ
ķһ
ʲô¶һ˿ǡ
ǹû˽Ƶ赲ֻ֮һ˲䣬ʧ˼ϳǣٴγֵʱѾ˾ĻϿա
ոһǻϿ̾Ϳʼһķڣžһǿڻм֣ȻһҰ޵
֮һͷ֣ȻǿҪٵһʾ
ǴܳˣСʾҪ
ʱڻ֮еɲܡ
ԭոʩչ귨ܵĽͻһ
ϵЩɫ磬Ƶ׵磬һѰѸֵڲͣи塣
ҲѾ˵ɣͲһܿɵľ磬ޱȣҪһͱЩгɵࡣ
ʹҲܣϾǧеʹɲһܹܵġ
ҲоҪٻǰʱЩϵ磬ͻȻռʧ١


651 
㷢֮Ͼ֪Ѿ١
ʱвûκεϲҲһŭ
Ҫ֪Ļ㼯ɣҪۼɲôףһһ㡣
һضԷȻԼƵֵزβ
黹Ҫġ
ΪԼڵһЩģӻȡһ⡣
֮ҧʳָⶥ˵һ¡
ͿȻ׵˿С
һ֮У㿪ʼų̹⣬һĿռģڳǰʱѾһҡͷβɫ
һȻʹ˻Ͽõϣɵ֮С
һգѾٵϾͷټܵһһӾ˵ϡ
֮ɫľ˻壬Ȼϵɫʼı仯һͱһŽ⣬ͨƵϵ
ڻɽɫ֮͵ǰһ壬޾Ͼײ˻Ͽõ֮ϡ
Ҫ˵϶˵ǳﲻóȥȴ
ֻһžžʼ͵м
ʱ֮е˳»ʵۼؽҧģһ֪
ڿ˵ԼֻǱȣû֮ġǴ۵ԼɢѾǳ
ɲһʱܹγɵģһ˷ģĻ£ģ˽졣
ҲãȻѾԼǽԼƴҲҪۼɢʱҪһΧˡ
˳»ʵҪƽ£ѹ䣬ôҪʳˡ
ʧȥıӣԸΧˣֻ޶
뵽֮˳»ʵֱӾͽԼһָ֮ǰľӾ˹ȥ
ͭҲ֣ڽӴ˳»ʵָ֮Ͼͽָ˰֮УһָͻһѪ⣬뵽֮ͭС
Ҳ췭ظı仯
ֻ֮УһϼԶ뵽֮ڡ
ЩϼԵģǴܳˣڱ˳»ʵȫ£ۼ֮ڡ
֮󣬲Щ»ع飬ôܳɾˡ
ΪЩǴܳһˣЩҲûˣôû˻ǵܳ͢ˡ
Щϼһ㶼֮󣬲Żֳǵá
ЩҪǰԼǰ٣Щ˵ṩߡ
ЩþĻᣬҲ½ɽ
ҪЩȫ˳»ʵùˣôĴܳɾˣһᶼûˡ
ڵ˳»ʵȴЩֻһͷǽɱ
Щ˸һͶ뵽֮УǼʮ޶Էų˽⣬֮󣬱һɵСʼм㼯
ЩС㼯һ͵ľײһ𣬽ŷų˴⣬ⰵȥ֮мһҡͷβľ
Ե÷ǳֻ۾һɨԳƵ˼ʮɡ
⵹ͨ󣬶ǹƣɲƵոճ͵Сܹġ
һλ߶λߵĸӡ
СֻԵһϾƽǷһ
һĺ󱲣ǰս
ܳСȻҷԼҲһϿվС
ƵСҲʾֻ¶ϼٵ
֮ײһ𣬽žһӿʳǺҲ𶯡
ײһ𣬾ʹ˼ҵײĵǣ֮£ҲʼȻĶ
֮ڰ֮пʼĲ˺һ֮ϾһĻɫĹâЩâϵѪ
վ棬Щâ±оһ
Ԫۣҫ΢˼sߵǹ㺺岽ɣѭܶȣ
֣Щץȥ
һСܵĸӦ鳲һС
ЩֻתһȦ»һС
龰һ
Ҫ֪ЩǾۼ̫ѣʧһЩԼĺԼԼµ˵һ޴ʧ
֮е˳»ʵҲһпǸżû취
ɲܹͨµ¾ۼ
Ͽеÿʧһ֣ʧеˡ
ʱȴһοʼΪŲܹȵֳʤ
ĻʹԼʤˣʧҲС׳н󷨴ƣԼһЩʧ
ո˼͸о⼸ʮ꿪ʼǰģԶһ
һü̫ܳҲȻûӣҲƽȻԼǰʩչ⡰ˮ¡ͨ
ͨûгɾ͵ɵʱȻãΪЩ˸޷άռ䣬Դᡣ
ʲôˣǳɾ˵ɵļµǰֻſɵľ磬Զ󷨣޷һ谭
ˣֻʩչͨǰһ
ֻһľ룬Ϳǧɽˮһ˲ʹ⾵ˮµľ磬뵽˻м䡣
֮Ŀһɨ㷢̫ʵ۵֮һع˳»ʵӦþͲ
뵽һЦٴοһͽ뵽ع֮С
ڴܳеߣӦûʲôܹ谭Լˡ
һزˣոտ뵽͸оܿʼϵķһ˲䶼סˣ᲻һ˿
㲢ľֻüû뵽꾹Ȼб
ʱڻӿһŻ棬沢ûκε¶ȣֻǻӰֻһ˲ʹĽŵ״֮С
ʱ͸оһ˴ӽŵӿԼ֮ڣȹ˲û˺Լ壬ֻԼ꿪ʼٵġ
ЩˣͨĻ棬ֱ١
ԭϾҪɾ磬ʱȻ裬Խָ
ʱڴܳĻ֮У̫ʵ۲ܹ֮ڵ
һĵˣܹ˴
㲻һϾҪɾɣʱȻֻ谭ҲǶĿ顣


652 Ԫ
ͻĻֲûоţ侲ط˵µȻǿжɽ١
ȻڲǶɽٵĺõطѾƵزҲֲˡ
ֻ㣬ϥڵϣһָ죬һָأпʼ˵Ԫ
ⲿѾ˲ʮ飬˵ܹıˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôԭһοʼⲿʱ͸оĿİеĵطҪһܹ
иУ谭ˡ
֮ԻᷢΪⲿӦ̫Ϊǿ
ڵλǰҪɾɣ֣Ҫƾ豾ͨԼ
˵ǳļѣ˵ʮһ
ڷ֮ǶλǱԪֶܽ
˾ͳλɵʿ롣
ҲҪԵģ֮ͥҲйϵ׺Լġ
ڵһͱԪϵãôȻû˵˼һһ㹦ɽ١
ڵһɺ˼ұԪûʲôϵ˼Ҳһۣ󻹵ԼʵʵƾԼı¶ɽ١
һϣҪǿˣǵλλһҲ˵ǵλʥܹȥһ롣
Ϊλʥ˵Ӧ
Ȼ˵ѡ˵ԪǿĿİͰͣȻǣλ棬еλ
޾άȺʱ֮У߸㿪ʼ֮λո۾Ĵʥ
ֻǸһѱ˵ɣȻǻ࿴˿ɫЩࡣ
ԭǵļ֮Уɽٻһʱ䣬ǷʲôѵǸλҪ
һ뵽ǿɲҵǸԷų⣬Ȼ֮һ䣬Ȼһ㣬ͿγȣֱڵĿռ䡣
ʱЩˣǻĴӣµľѾȫĻٻѾյ˴롣
ҪȥЩֻ𽫵ܽķһһǸʱͻ³Ϊ已̥
⻹ģٲֹȵֻԽ˶ţôͻᱻȫ𣬵ǸʱͶ̥תҲǲܵˡ
ڵҲЩˣԽԽտʼʱĿİģһѾľľȻˡ
еʱ֮ͻȻһϣ֮УмĿϡ
һоеı仯о¶һϲ⡣
λıԪǷǳģȻԼ˵ȫ£ͨ
֮Уһɵķ䣬һλ棬̾ͳһĹҪ赲¡
ķ֮УһȻˣλ
ֲһػɣλûзҪԼλǶĶӸˡ
ֻҪԼˣô͵λϵͻԽԽ룬ǸʱλǿҲò뿪»ĵϼҡ
ʱ֮Щ翣ȴǿޱȣֻһͺλɵĹ࿹⡣
⻹㣬ʱֽ֮һĮϣϸոһ֣еԼԪµķ䣬Ȼһݷ
Ĺһ֣Ҳʼüֻ޾Ĺ򻯳һϼǹ֮жš
ʱҲ˷ӦǻΣһӿ뵽ǽٵ֮С
ļ룬ǿֻһ˲䣬ͽɵĹѹ
λ˵ӦǺ͵λͬģֵʱȷʵ̫ˣȲΪλʱ䡣
Ϊλ޽ɣΪγ֧ΪŸ˵λֵĻᡣ
ԼƣλҲ֪鲻Υˣǿʼɢȥ
˴ʱУĮϲſʼɢҲʧλ֮Уֻʣ±Ԫɵķ䡣
ʱǵ͵ķı仯ǷŹâڿʼȫһҲʧһκɫҺ塣
Һ忴ʵʣֺޣ֮£Ȼ㶥Ŷ롣
ʱѾоھ٣ɺɫҺóľǡ
ֻоŽһܿľӿĻ
ܿģ˵ĸֻһ
ûеˮҲûе޴ı
ǹȻǻӶԽ˻֣ӿ֫
ǻҲ˳ЩĵȻķȻֻȫķٻ١
˴ʱоȫķǵһ˿Ѿɾ͵ɵҲʼı
ˣоޱȵĺڣʱԼ׷ʲô񾭣Ҫط
֪ͰˣܰԼôͲǸ˳»ʵܹꡣ
ٺѾûʲôˣֻſֻӿķδͷ­ӿ
ʱҲоԼѾ˼㣬ȥҲҪˡ
ҧҧб֮£ʱɾʬɡ
һҧ뽫ǣǵȵзʱ򣬲ŷԼĶˣѾ֮ˡ
ʩȫľˣֻĸԼһʧ
ֻܿӿ뵽ͷ­һҲȫû˽ȥ
˼룬Ҳȫ˺ڰԼԵƽ֮С
ʱڵǹʼˣֻ͵ؽֻĶӿȥ
˴ʱʼķֻֽ
ֻܿ㱻ǹշֽ⣬ֻһ⡣
˼»ˣֻоԼǳӤһͻȻ⡣
ѹ͸оԼ˼־֮У翵˽ܵϵ
ڵķҲʼĻع飬ⵤ֮ڣǷҲʼķʱ䡣
ʱ仹ûֹͣտʼֻڵķˣҲʼı仯
ڵʣԼľҲʼ仯ˡ
Щ仯㷢˼Ҳʼת䡣
ԭȵʱȻ˼뵭ĮǻΪԼһ˵ġ
оԼЩ룬Ǿͺǿǵеһ


653 
һ۾
ǰȻڵͨ
ͨǰûκܣֻǿһ۾ͰĹȥԼδ
֮⣬ǰһĺЩǲͣ߾
΢΢һЦһֻ֣еһ£ĶһɲͬѰָϱķ
һ֣ͿʼܷٵӣЩһɨ̾ͻΪ˻ҽ
֮վ۾͸տ˻
˳»ʵż߶
Ҳ֣ԼղʩչĶûаôˡ
ɫƽǰһͿĿռʱ䣬һ˲䵽һ֮ڡ
˳»ʵǽתȦأͻȻ֮ǰһͳĴ㡣
ֻֻһ£Ͼôˣҧ˼ͭǰ
ҧԼͷ͵ľͭһѪ
ͭǸһʼ˸ĹâЩâܿľ֮ӣάռӣѾԽ˿ռ֮ıݣάռ䡣
˳»ʵ֪һģҪİ취Ȼܽˣֻеˡ
վԶ㲢ûжֻ֣΢ЦĿ˳»ʵ۷
Щ֮еĹ⻪ǳļɵǺǻһͲ֮ڡ
΢΢һЦ֣Щ⻪ץһѣȻŵǰϸĹ۲졣
̾һҡҡͷվĿɿڴ˳»ʵ˵
£ⶫȷʵҪǻһ˱ճ̾ǻ壬ϧʩչֻ已̥
֮ô̾ΪҲ⻪
˳»ʵȻϲͣķȴûгԿ
ҲʱˣҪǵڵʱ򣬾ƾͨҪ
ҡҡͷٺ˳»ʵ۳ѿ֮ܡ
£Ѿõˣ΢ȥȵ۰ɡ
˳»ʵֵ֪زԼûлĻˣѾ׼ǲ֪ôģ˵仰֮ͻҲվס̱ڵء
ҡҡͷȻԹżΨһ
жӢۺܣʱ̬ٳ
˳»ʵ۶Լ֪֮Ҳûʱ䣬͸һʹ졣
ֻһԼıǰѷɽʶֱ˳»ʵ۵Ķͷ
˳»ʵ۾ôĿѷɽǰ˺ڰ
˳»ʵ۵ĻϵǸӦʲôʼȥ
ΪѾ꣬Իص֮Уϱʱ
Ļ꿪ʼӸʵ۵֮зӵȻ㼯еľ֮ڡ
֮ҡͷβر֮еС֮׼Զȥ
Ȼ֮Уڵͨߵһп
֪ˡ
ЯҪǸһĽϣôƾϵˣԳΪһķ
ֲз̵Ļᡣ
͵һֻһ˲뿪ңٴγֵʱѾ֮˽档
˽ȫⱼۣͻȻ֮ǰһĻζȻһǿޱȵƳ֣ס·
æͣȻǰۿ
ֻǰվһƽˣȴɢһɾ˵ƣеƲڲͣķ
һȻͲܲ˵ײȥ
ֻЦһ£Ȼֶһץ
ڵ˽ôһץ̾ͣ˰֮УȻ忪ʼٵСһͱһСϸߡ
ʱǽԼҵ˽Ҳ׷˹
ѾһΧҵ
ޱĿ˿һ£ȻһڵС
ûļӳ֣е˽͵һǰС߰˱
һξеСϸߣȻһֻŽָ˽Ĩһ¡
˽һӱô
ѾĨȥ˽еԣֻҪ㽫͸κһˣô˴ţܹΪһİ
С龰۾Ҳһ˵ǰͣҡͷβԵô
ҡҡͷȻеѾʧȥԵǰһס
еСϽһ壬Ϊһ塣
֮СܵʲôȾһԵ÷ǳʹֻ֮࣬вͣķ
һƽѾʮǰܳ˽Ҫࡣ
ĵͷҪγɵ˽ʵĺʵһƾѹ¡
ʹԼˣƾҲЩոճķܹġ
Ҫʩͻص֮ڵʱеҲ˱仯
ǰ֮гһɫĹâɫĹâܿľʵһߣȻͶ뵽ǰ˽֮ڡ
ʱǽɫ˽ɫĹâһ壬̾ͷ˹ı仯ڵĽȫս֮⾹ȻγɫĹ⻪
˺һɫĹ⻪»㼯֮ϣγһɡǡ
˴ʱѾѹڵĽµ֡
ڵ㿴˽ޱȣͷ֮ɡµס֮ϻһɫϢƮ
ʱ֪ʲôʲôˡ
ԼԵеĻƾϵԼɢϣ£ԼɾҲСӦ
뵽̧֮ͷ˿֮ǲڵʲô
̾һ˿²ģӦǵµĽ
ǽҲһߴ١
ϿĳɾɣȫʴȻȫƿƬء
Ϊ˰ģŽĶ˴ǣȫѹķΪʵֻۣǵС
֪ľԼûа취ֹȻôԼ͵üӿжˣȻĻˣԼҲܡ
̧֣˽һ㣬Ķͷ֮̾һ⡣
֮˽ǻһǽ˵ͷȻһβͣԶ۶ȥһʧǰ
ȵ˽ˣٴתͷŽµЩܳĻꡣ
ЩѾǰͣðŴܳˡ
ΪСĽһ껹ãʱԼĶֶ̧ŻŦ͵һ¡
̫ʵ۵ޣôһ㣬̾ȥžһɽѣȫĻ˻ҽ


654 Э
˳»ʵ۵ܹȵ˯þˡ
֮İõס˻ʹڡźĶǹŮ̫࣬ڵȫһʵģ
ּƷܣҲľͳС
ǣֲƴƴĶ뵱ʵۣʵ۵ܹȻһܹ͵ġ
ڽļ죬簲ޣ˰Ͳ
ִָֻλʱɢɢ״̬
еӦúܿͻ
Ȼڼ֮±ߵС̫
ӣߵ˵һȺʿҪӡ
ڵ֮ϣ±ŮǱݵĸ裬Ա߻мòĹŮͣĸϸֵĹʵ
С̫֮һӾʹ֮˹
ʱʹģӦòͨĵʿ
һԼߵЩŸɵĸǣֻˣӦûԼϢ
ƿԵļòĹŮվһԵ˵
Ҹ¡
Щ˲ҵܿľ߰˸СŮǰŸֵֻվţЩŮ
ȵȵһдϣŴż̫࣬Ҵҵĳ˻ʹ˹⡣
⣬ͿԽʮʿ﹧š
еһʿһ۾ϳˣˣλá
߼Ⱥ˵ԣԽϽǰһȭ֡
˧⼸λɳҵ£˵Ҫ˧ҽϲð쵽˴˧Ҫ
˰֣Խļ
ĺܺá
˵仰֮Խ˼λʿǰ
Ǽλʿǰֱ㶵ĿûκεĶ
һİĵʿ۷ų⣬Ķ㡣
λϵʿ֮Уֻһͨͨˡ
֮ϲû
ڷһ֮λϵʿԾ͸оԾˣҪ֪ڵѾռ˾Լüʡ˵֮ʵġ
ϵӦֱô£λ½ķ˾Ȼһͨ˶硣
ҲλϵʿĿֻ̽Цվλϵʿʩ
ʱλԾˣǰһ򸣡
ղʦһɺá
ʩҵϽǰһȻ˵
лӵĹһеǰ
λӿ˿Աߵλ뷢ӰϵʿҡҡͷȻ΢ЦŶ˵
ʦҵȼȻ˴˴ҵȾʹ촰˵
˵ʱλǸĿ˿㣬˵ĶǴŸŸɵġ
ĬĬĵ˵ͷȻ΢΢һЦ˵
ﲻ˵ĵطǵ̸
˵仰֮һơ
ţȴż̫ʹ֮ȥ
˻࿴˿æһ˻ʹ
תתһƫ
ƫ֮̾ڵ׼ΣƷ
ȻЩʿ
Щʿ԰תͷмΡ
ڵµЩʿЩü
ɹõʾ£ǶĬĬı۾㡣
֮󣬶±ߵλʿ˹֣Ȼ˵
λȻǴ˸ǰôʲôǾ˵ɡ
±ߵ֮˵ͷǾͰĿ⼯еӵϡ
ʱѾˣúϵӳͷ̨
εĿЦһ£վ룬һ򸣡
Ͻ֮վһ¡
վ˵ǰھǵ飬ҵѾ֪ˣڵĸλʦ壬ҵȾʦǬ
¶һ˿Цݡ
ЩɶͶԼһôµĴ¼ͿԶˡ
Ҳô״ӦԼӦʲô
ȻӼûлػֻǽ˵ҵȿ˳УҽµãмСϣʦӦ
лԡ
ʦҲ֪Ϊδܳ˥ܣ֮ģ֮ǰѾͶ˷ǳľԼˣҪǾôãôŸһ˴
һü˿±ߵЩˣҪء
ΪܹϽƽ֮󣬽õĽɽԼĶӣԼҲԼһЩЭҪġ
ͷ˼һ£Ȼվ±ߵ˵
ȻôҾһǿһ¡
һ򸣣Ȼ˵ʦԡ
Ǽܹͳһ£ôڹ֮ұ㽫˷ֳʮ֮һǣЩԶֱֹҵ𡣡
±ߵ֮۾ˡ
ĻôЩ˵ԴԴϵˣ֮ڸλǰУҲɵ׳
ɱȷͥһǿˡ
Ҫ֪ǷͥȻܵõǿˣҲֻһλǰдǡ
ʣµЩˣҲֲܹɵʧ˵׶ɳòûжٺô
ȴһˣ˵ǿԺͻҹͬµˡ
ɾܵõԴԴϵĲ䣬ڵʱҲԭ׽⣬Сˡ
ǻ࿴˿϶¶˾ϲ֮ɫ
㿴±Щ˵ɫ¶һ˿Ц
취ýʧʮ֮һˣЩ˻಻ʧ
ǴһǶҲǽʮɣεİԼս֮ϡ
ȵԼִ֮Ƴ͢һֵ࣬Թ췴
ôЩҲòЩɵ֧֣ЩΪԼ棬ЩΪжд̣֮졣
±ߵЩʿǣȻ۾зų˾ϲҲûˣ˵Ǹտʼһֱ㿴λϵʿ
ֻǻһ񣬱Ŀġ
һ粻
ȨףĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ԼŸ˵кôģȻ˵Լ֮ϣȴõ಻ˣ˵ҲûʲôʧΣѵʱǳ
ǰһֱĬĬɹãλϵʿ΢΢һͷ˼¶΢Цϱߵ˵
ʦԹȻƣҵȾ͹
˵仰֮һ£ȻᶨĽ˵
ǽʡҲ΢ֵ֧ģȻǴЭ飬ôЩ֧־ûʲôˣ΢ɾӴ֮󳷻ض֧֡
仰Ǵϲ
ǽʡ񣬿˵λ֮Ϊ͵ģ»мʮ
ԼֵĻûм°ĹǲܹɵģֻҪСĽԼпһĹ
һпǺˣֻҪû΢ɵ֧֣ݾͻѣټû˵Ĳ䣬ôܿͻᱻԼ


655 ƻؾ
ĸɵʿɹ˵Ҫض֧֣һ£Ҳ׷׵ĳԳŵ
ȻһˣôҵҲضԽϵĸ֧֡
Щ͸ñˣڽϵĸ·ǿ಻ԡ
ǣǣʱǷôǮЩȴڻգٻô˵ã
΢΢һЦ˵ͷȻ˵ô͸ˣȵƽҲܹһʱ䣬ˡ
±ߵЩʿҲǸϽĸͣʵк뷨һµġ
ʱ´ңЩڶûǱˣЩ͵ĵӶɽȥ֧Ԯ·
Щем֣ҲòĶ׷¡
Ҫ̫ƽˣڿ»ɽȥչϣܹɾ͵ɣͬ٣زϡ
ڴЭ֮ЩʿֻǺͿ˼䣬׷׵ĸǡ
ߵʱѾŵˣǣΪɺ㳯͢мˡ
ԴˣȻǸˣ԰ͳ˹ţȻЩ˸ʩչͨʧ
ȵٴλع̸֮ɽĽƴţŶӸϽԼᡣ
˵ɽĽƣԴһζϵʧ֮Բ
ûж೤ʱ䣬ǹµĻص˶ӵڣӵïʢл̺һ˿֪
˽ǰķ·Ż˶С
ֹ˼죬ƾ͵õѾȡ˾ǣʱȫά־ǵΰ
ϢýϵΪʲôͻȻĴǣ
ܳ͢Ѿˣ̺ѾתƵԼӵϡ
ڼ֮󣬽ֽӵĴţŶӱϡ
ţüͷ塣
Ȼ˵Ѿ˴ܳռ˾ʦϷЩȻǴ
ǰһʱЩʮһϣҪԳ󣬴ʮ̵ľնأɽѾǶˡ
ҪĹͷ㾹ȻԼкǣȥôģ
˼ȥԼǲҪĺãǸ㴫ţôظ
ǣϽƾдһţȻԼѾݺԳ֣ٵǰǡ
Ҫ˵λݺȻֻǽƵһѾߣǸڽѾв£ýƵĽ̵һͨҲǲС
ֻһҹȵʱݺѾ˾ǵĻʹ⡣
ɾҲȥˡ
Ȼ˵ǽƵѾߣݲͬסڡ
ûǽҲʹοһѾߡ
֪סĿ㣬ݺҲӲûа취ֻǶ·߽ĵȴ
ֱĸʱһͷʻ
Ա߽ĸһͨ긾ˡ
ˣݺʶģˣǶѾǸʬӡ
ϾжϳŵӦþǶѾݺＱæĴ·ߴܳǳ
ѾС㣬ݺҪм๫
һȻͣŽ¶һԴʦöѾ
ѾܹľȻݺһϲϵͱ
֮ԾϲΪݺ࣬ǰʱǾһˣ
ΪȻݺˣôӽӦҲԶˡ
ʲôѾЩӲ
ݺɲܶѾӻȡһţȻ˻˵
ҷ֮ǰ๫ŵģ˹ţѾСͨһ
Ѿͷһ£Ȼ˵ͷ˵
Ȼһȥɡ
˵仰֮󣬶Ѿͷ˽
žٴοʼжݺֻǸ֮һӽĹš
Ȼһǳͨ裬ûκ
ݺŶѾǼ㡣
ݺǰҲЩ졣
ݺͽƵ˫ַǰӹŴϸһ΢΢һЦ
ȥӣ뿪ɽһеҶѾ׵ЩǺܿͻԹ˲Ͼ
ݺ֮ϽĴӦ֮ʹҴҵȥ

ʮ֮󣬽ǴԼĶԼǧĻӽ˾ǡ
͵õʮﳤͤӭӡ
һطȻһ
ԽƷ˻ʺ죬֮˳»ʵ۵ĳһƺƵĽ˾ǡ
Ƚ˻ʹ֮󣬽ѯǰ
ûˣҲǸŸɵĸ˴ЭͽһһʮĶ˵ˡ
֮һ˿ãҪ֪ǺЩϰ꣬ھȻҪǺƽദýв졣
ΪԼӵĽɽǿ¶һ˿Цݣ˵ͷ
̾˿ĽƵ֣֮˵һִ£ЩһҪѧЭ
Ļоһ˿Ԥ֮ԲĿɫ
ҡҡͷûиʲôͣΪԼɾɣܣʹǽˣҲ͸¶һ˿䡣
Ƽ㲻˵ҲʶȤĲټʻ
һǽر߽پ׼һεĳ
Щµķȴʼ˻ңرǽʡѾýͷö
ԭҲ֪ʲôʱʼЩԭ֧ʿ𣬾Ȼʼһٰʮȴ
ԭԴԴϵݣھȻѷ
ʮֵջΪԼ£ҲֻټЩʿǺȰϣǾݣԼɹѹء
ЩүһضҪģϴӦĺúõģ˼֮һҲû͵ľӪ
ˣֱ׼ɱ䣬˳嵽Щʿļ֮ŷЩʵ֪ʲôʱõϢˡ
Щʿ뿪ûжٹģֻҪʳڣôǾȫܹˣԼҲûʲôʧ
ǺãȵЩϲǵ֣ŷǿտҲʲôҲû¡
һֽű
»жʮӪеֻʹһµģҪһµʱ֮ûҵݣôЩͻɢȥ
ΪԼİҵҲǻȥˣڵڶԼµʿɢʼǿеͨİݡ
ЩǹùˣǲҪĸ˰ҪЩϲǽ⣬ʣµЩʳڡ
ȻҪǽеıʳǼҪǵ·˸صķǴ˷
һǼᶨˣڸ·ķǱ۾ǴߴµĴӽж
ֻʮĹİ˰ľʱĶȹѹء


656 
ʳʱˣǻһǰ
ǾµЩǲ֪ô£һʱ俪ʼ磬Ƶ
Ҫ֪ΪһֵµĴǰ磬ʮּɵġ
ֲð죬Ҫʵǿʱƾ԰ЩĴһ򾡡
ʲôʱƮĹͷҪôɣĴ̾͸ҷˡ
־Ҳ֪Щͷˡ
һһڰвٿصһУĻЩʿҲһʧ
µЩԭȶƴӵĴ󽫣ҲҰ硣
ȻᵽΣյϢȻȡ취
ϣԼĸˡ
λ˴ͬ˵һģСʱͶǳмӡ
ȵ췴λͷһ棬ôԼ˶ĸ
˸һͰҡ
˱ֵЩԺˣô£Ȼõ̸֮
˰ԼɻѹУĬĬĬվ˵
λ֮ϣԼĶͷҪҪ齻ȥ죿
Ҫ©˷ԼΪ˧ҲӲ촦
Ƿͷһ룬ҲûбܰˣҪǲ¸ϿˣԼЩӾͻֱʱʲô㿹⣿
ٴ۾վ˵
Щͷûʲô֣
仰һ𣬺ʲôҿԣΨΨŵŵؿ
Ҳûش˼ֻ˵
ֵսôŴҵҪΪ°ЩҵˣôԵѾսЩֵܣ
仰ЩдȦЩ졣
񿴵һϲٽ˵ҾʱջؾȨЩ֪ж侲侲
оЩצҪ֪¼ŵ죬ֵµЩǸһǵ֧ߡ
Щ֧ҲЩʿĻ
ҲΪǲܺܿľۼ⼸ʮĴʧܹ֮ܿĻָҪԭЩ±ļ˶Щ˵ס
˵˵ˣֻһľ±ߵЩǶһС
Ҫ£ȨǾǺЩԣǻܴӦֲøһϢµ˾ͷˡ
˻һӾòڵĵطǾҲЩСеһԱȻĹҲеȨ
˺ܺõԼĵ뷨ȭֶ˵˧ûʲô˵ҾͽԼе޳һ֣Ȼ󽫾Ȩ˧
񰵰ĸһ£Ȼվߵ˵ԣļο˵ҲΪ˴ҵ棬ģȵЩ֮ͳ졣
̾¶˸мɫЦһ£Ȼ˵ĩһжǴ˧ģһһΪ¡
ãûп㡣񼤶˼ȦȻٴεĶ˵
ϣԼµľ֮ѡǧ񣬰ذҵ˧ȵ֮ϣҴ¾ǾһӵϣзĽȫ¡
֮һտʼΪҪȡߣ£ȨǿǵȲˣҪǿӲЩǽԼĽǰ
뵽ʱ˱ɵѾ亹ʪˡ
ղԼҪǲӦĻ᲻ⰵӿʮʿֱӾͽԼˡ
뵽˲۾Ĵɨһ¡
Ȼ˱øӵı΢ˣվűֱҲʼ´˴
ڽûвȡʲôжȥϽİϵ顣
뿪֮ĬĬһȻ֣ţҵʯǽȻʼѷ죬Ȼһţ߳һȫµˡ
˸ˣΪҰ£ǰʲô㣿
ǸһͷȻҲ˵˻صǸ֮ǽٴһת˿Ϸ
ԭ񲢲ˡ
˵뿪˧ҴææػصԼļС
һȻĨһͷϵ亹Ͽʼս
ղŵ
ҪǸոµʱȫţԼûκεĻɡ
ŵλԽԽߣλ˧Ĳ¼֮ҲԽԽǿѾò׼λ˧ǲ¼ˡ
Ҳ̫գǾǽЩȫ£ôھеĸҲ־ܣΪϵԺٻ
󣬿Ҫȫķֱˡ
뵽ʱһĻ䣬̾ͽ׹˼
ʱͻȻ֮һӰǰ
տʼʱ˻ΪĸѾԴңõ˵
ȥûү¶𣿡
ｫôĻһ
Ϥİоһ̧ͷǰһŵǴ˸ս
ԭվǰĸͲʲôѾߣλѾ뿪еá
λɹøտʼʱһֱĴиֻ֣֮뿪
ôֻˣѵΪԭ
뵽˲ҵϽվɹľһ
ĩ֪ɹü٣ðɹòҪ֡
ɹ΢΢һЦȻתڿ֮ϣ˵ض˵
˵Ͻ˵ɹڴˣĩλ
ɹüսսӣҡҡͷҲͲǿˡ
ղӴ˧ʲôţ
ֵĿɹһۣȻоͻˡ
ɹõǰģĿЩ²͸վĬĬԡ
ɹü˵¶һ˿΢Ц˵ǲ˵Ҳµţڼ֮ڽ۵ʱؾȨ
仰Ƕߴһף͵̧ͷò۹⿴ǰλɹá
Ҳؾȣ㲻һô齨ģ
仰֮˺ʲô¶˺Ȼ֮ɫ
ͷһ£֪ȻɹøԼĸϣôһжڰ֮УԼʶȤĺãȻĻ½ûڡ
ǲ֪ɹʲô˼
ɹվƽ˵ʱֵѾǳʧȥġ
˵ɹùþ˳ģȻһһ˵ҪͶΪ


657 ڧ
ɹõ仰ŵǻֱ
ɹÿӣмƲƲ죬Ȼ˵Ҹ㵱ܣʲô
һȷʵӣɹڣҲʲôһֱҪǷѣЩȥ
ӵȵ³ܷ֮ܲһ·
ɹ۾зųһ⣬εĺܺã˲ûп
ɹüװĳ˼һ֮ε˵ȻˣǾһС
֮ǷһЩǷǧص
ãȻҾһӵİš
ѾӦԼɹԵ÷ǳ⣬˾֮ܵһ֮ɹñƮȻȥ
ȵɹãѾʧŻɣ;ȷЩվסæλ֮ϡ
۾һǻָһ˿Ȼ۾۷ųһ˿⡣
ѽֵ֧ܲ㣬ʵΪ㲻ʶʱ񣬲ģȵ³֮ұһ
֮ϵĸȫжһ±ȡ
˵׼ϵ飬˵ɹ뿪˵ĸϣһת۾һС
һţ̾һΧһɹôӵ͵мı֮ϡ
ɹмλ˿±ߵˣ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ˵ѾĲˣѾӦͶ
±ߵ仰һ
ԭЩ˲ˣµļԱ󽫣ֵÿһм
Ҫ˵Ҳ̫
ʵǣЩײͨʿ񵱳ԼеżȻϿǸӵʵҪ˵Ļʱǵľӷҡ
Щ˿ɲ뷢ΪԼµٻıϣҪǷĶңƽϢҲ¶ˡ
ʱһλĴüͷһ壬ʲô顣
ɹʵһֱڹ۲ЩˣüͷǱʵ
ü
ӶʣϽĳһ˵
ӣһ֮ϵ˫򲻵֮£һʱˣƾǻס
ɹ֮üͷ壬ȷʵ
޹ͽ𴸣һʩչǲǣҲֻǻҪȡҲס
ʱһ鲻˳ԼԳ֣Ҳһܹס
һ˳ȥƾܿľһҾЩ֮гҲǱȱȽǣʱЩ˾ͿƲסˡ
ｫ֮Ǻã
֮зų׹⣬ĩֻǱ˧ƥԸ͵˳͵ˣҲҪ
ɹ֮΢΢һЦ⵹£˵ãҾȥ죬ûдŵ
˵޹ͽ𴸣ȷʵǲŪһֱǱڸǿɲ͵
һɹ¶ŵЦݣǲصģ񴸣ϵʱұʹá
µڽɹŵı飬֪Ѿ˰취Ҳ˵ЩǾͿʼϵʱӦԡ
ԭЩҲûȫˣԷһ
׵԰Լµľţװ磬˶˧
һ˷ڣҲƾЩǿسΧʱֻҪ»ص֮УҪٶҲÿǿǡ
һа׵֮ɹñƮȻȥ
ϾɹÿǺɹЭ飬ͥ
Ϊ˱ɵ棬ȻˣҪټĻϲÿǸɴͶ
˵ڶϣϴѱϣµĴţλ˧¡
һ߾һ죬ЩѾˡ
˴ʱһԼȻƵǰȥˡ
뿪˺ԺһλŮӣ͵͵ʧķ˿
϶ǳݡ
Ůļ֮һֽ
ֻΪ˫ĵϲĺԺ֮УŮӿ˵Ƕóҡ
ȷʵˣԼеİûڡ
ֻһ˴ø
֮վͽ˸һ䣬ո߽䣬мʿǰ
˺£
ֻЦһ£Ȼ˵ȡö񴸣˵Ҫ񴸵ıϰ˿С
Ϊ׵ʿһ⻰һ£Ȼصҵû˵¶ʱȴһȵǰߵˣý¾ȡ񴸲١
⻰һӾͳ
ѵĲҵĻҺ˵ȡ񴸣ȻǷõ¡
˵仰֮ƹʿֱаŵֻ޹ͽȥ
ǰȴЩѣȻ˵Щ򣬵Ƕֻȴûʲô취
еʿϵôһֻվԱ߿֡
ʵˣתЩʿ˵ǻŸʲôϿҽ̧͵Ժȥ
ߴ˼ΣЩʿһ۾Ŷûһ
ʱһĽŲֽһѾߡ
ˣү˴˱ڣص˽ơ
˵仰֮Ѿߴӻȡһöͻ͵ƣ͵ǰ
һɫͱϲ󣬽ùƶżʿ˻ΣȻ˵˰ɣûƭɣ๫ƶˡ
ǼʿһڴˣҲûʲô˵ǾͰķԸ̧͵˺Ժ֮С
ȴ֪ߵ񴸣
˵˵ڴ֮ϣʱ±ߵĴѾվᡣ
ޱмĻƤ֮ϣ֮ɫĿ˿棬Ȼ󿪿˵ǰһҪ
±ߵڽ˵æһȭ֡
ĩȽ˧֮̸
ǵı̬ǳ⣬վַ˧±ߵ˵
һʱս±ߵʿսЩ½ҾеľȨȫ£ѵȻͳ죬ΪΣ
±ߵô˵ɫʼˡ
ΪҶﻰ˵ĺʵҪǵľȨ
ϱ߿Щɫ࣬һûһǰػǸϽ±վŵʹһɫ
˼ǳˣ˸Ͻվ̬


658 ;ĩ·
˿İʾæվϱ߹˵
ԼǣĩԸ⽻Ȩôࡣ
֮οĵ˵ͷؼʱ̻Լ档
±ߵڽ˵Ļǻ࿴˿¶˲м֮ɫ
˴˶ĸ˵Ļ´Լ
ϱ߼±ߵڽȻǲ̬֪ЩǲύȨˣ̾˿֣ʹһɫ
˿ʾ⣬̾ͳˣһֺڣ
һĶϺȣڴ̾ӿĵ֣һʣңͽĴΧʵʵ
վڽһϾˣҪǿӲֶջرȨ
Ҫ˵µĽǣҲһƢģҲˣֱӾʹγ˱
ǵıոյİγʮӵٵǹС
һǿɲҶˡ
Ҫ֪֮ڣڱȽխʩչƾǵĹ򣬻Ĵȥ
ϱߵ񣬼ѾԼƿ֮У΢΢һЦվƹ˧˴á
λǶǳֵܣûбҪɱɱҸλһ֤ȵϣǻӵĽ
±ߵĽ֮һкŽ
ƷԼЩڳнŵġ
ƴôһ仰ܻɸΪ񲯡
ʲôʱѾ;ĩ·ʱпýʱҶŸԵйΪ
±ߵڽһĬûһ˳Ļ
±ڽӾ֪ЩˣȻһȽ£ʱЩˣʱŪûԼһ󵶡
ź̾˿ȻǲԸ⣬Ҳǿ󣬲ֵһķϣҲΪǣֻҪúõĴţȵҲһƽ
˵仰֮ź˻ӵĻ֣˼˽Щȫе֮ȥϼӿء
վԶˣĶûпһôֱ㶵ġ
һ£Ϊ飬ûпԼĶֻǿ˵ｫЩ˴ȥϼӿء
Ļû˵ĶȻվǴһ˿΢Ц
ҲɵӣüͷԶˣȻһһʵ
ʲô˼ѵҪҵλ𣿡
Ϊʱ˲ԼҲ˷֮ģڴ֮˵࣬ҪǷѣԼҲ
ҡҡͷ˵Ҳʵ㲻ʶʱ񡣡
˵仰һ֣ЩΧǵʿ̾˵±ߡ
±ߵĽЩˣǿֿ񣬲֪һﵽҪʲô
˵ĻشѾˣһѾеͶ㣬ĻڸԼһ嵶
Ҳش˵Ļ۾һ£ȻͻȻİγԼıһž߷˧֮Աߵһʿͻӳһ
ǸСӦĻᶼûУͱһΡ
Զ˼龰̴ǵ¡
仰ԶЩСһӵϣٵǹк
ʲôˣһ¹˵С
ֻӶԼеıЩʿһغ϶ŲסʱƣĸѾ˼ʮʬ塣
ôһӿɰЩҪʿˣһŵǹǲҿ
Ҳ򣬰ƶ˺ŸۿҪΧ
˿ǼˣҪˣôֻҪһккʿЩȫΧˡ
˲òԼγǰȥҲɵһǰ壬һߵĿдк
λͬŻʲôѵȥ˾ȱһ𣿡
վᣬЩǣ˵Ļϸһ£
ҪˣЩ˿¶ûĺǵļҾҲûһܹġ
ЩҲվˣ԰γԼıǰȥ
Ҫ˵ЩǵûһĶ֣ЩһӵϣЩæ
ŭǣûгֵıһƮƮıͷӲʵ
ǣֻҪ޹ͽ֣Щ˾Ҳ塣
뵽֮͵һǽһͱ˼롣
˾ʵʱѾһΧȻɿԺɱȥ
˼ﻹ˼ĺǵ
ȡ޹ͽ𴸣Ҳˡ
˵֮͵һȥĽһ뵽޹ͽͨҳ龰ҲľսǶҵ
һȺ˽׷˺Ժ
˵˺Ժ޹ͽ𴸵Ǽ䷿䡣
˴ŴŵļʿѾӰ龰д󾪡
ȥȻмѾӰ
һﻹףǶԼı
ڵѾڿЩˣΨһӳȥȻЩһ򾡣һǧУ֮ޡ
뵽֮һߵԱߵһǽ֮ӷͳ˳Ȼֱߵǡ
Ҫ˵ڽ뷿УѾЩþˣٴγʱвû޹ͽ𴸡
һ˶ˣһѾаŶ޹ͽ𴸣ȻһʲôһߺŽ׷ᡣ
һȺ׷˺Ժ˧ԡ
Ѿɵۣԭ֮Уƥ԰ѾѪ֮С
û񻺹׷ŵЩѾЩ˿ûɵɵǸĵǹֱк
һ飬Ȼеһһ˺ϡ
Ǳʹˣ֪ҪٲƴԼɾҪˡ
ҧӶеıЩսһ
һƴЩΧĽǿЩܲˣȻ˵ûгֵıУѽֻһӳȥԷ͵ֵסֻǼغϾмλĽ¡
ʱʵѾĵĶ˶ߣЩһжʿһǰʱֲˡ
ϽܵʿʹɫЩʿֻҧǰ
Ҫ˵Щʿв˵ĸڹؼʱǿΪģĻҲܰǴ˧
ЩĸĴ£µЩʿҲŷӵϿʼΧ


659 Ļ
Ҳûа취ˣΨһĳ·ƾеıɱΧȻȥȱ
ȻҲ˺ˣԷӵʿǶӾӶеıҿ
Ҫ˵ȷʵȻûгֵ޹ͽ𴸣ѱһǱϵʿǱһ¡
ںߵ˼æٴԼĸＸ䣬ĸæȥ
ʱۿžҪɱɢԼԵЩʿˡ
ļλ龰Ҳòһεűȥս
㻹˵ЩЩʿǿˣЩʿûһϾͱնɱˣЩǻȺ֮УܺϼС
Ҳûгֵıڲ£ûıԴ
ܻΧ£ʿЩʿҲ˵һǳӻһ£òġ
ĹǱסˡ
˿Ҳֲ˶ãΪǼλȻոǿҲֻһغϵ飬Ҫ˶࣬Щ͵ˡ
Ҳʱһ󼱴ٵĽŲžù˼ʮλ֡
Ȼ˵ǵֵԸĹǳһ⿴һۣȿЩֿ֮ɫҲˡ
˼ˣ¶΢Цһ֣Щ־Ͱںüƣ
Ȼо֣ǿԼ
ֻ֪ҪԼЩȺ֮УԷͲԼܹõϢ֮ҲԳһɱ˹ǰ
ֻҪԼЩ־Լв͡
Ҳɱˣ˶￿ǼΧĽҪĿꡣ
Χ˼龰ҲֱżΣЩ¡
ǱĽʵҪ˿ûôס
ҸҪǣȻЩ˵ˣһ߿
˾ǰ취ҪôȥֲɱΧˡ
һҧһţ۾Щ
عЩˣ̸ҷż
ЩȻ˵Щ̣ǿʼż
ɻһļʸһԣʱмʿм¡
ЩһȽϽղȫס񲻵ѡ
Ҳۼֿ죬ۿҪмʱͻȻץסһöʿĲӣȻԼͶʿ
˵һֵϮ
û񻺹ڶֵĹһ˹һûôˣΪղ˿һֺµĹֳɢ
һ£ԵǽһٰʮȵĹΧ
ȻҲеıͣĲŵٶȻϲ˼Ĺٶȣûж೤ʱ
м֪ԼҪٲ취ҪˣһҧǰǾʿʬ߸ߵȻ͵ľЩֳȥ
㻹˵һлǿĿʹá
ôһͳ壬嵽ǰĹֵĶ֮Уӿеʬ壬űҿܿľʮλֵĽ¡
һʿ¿¾Ѿһɢˡ
һ˴ĶĸЩ˶žӵıϡ
Щɷһûܣһ۹˿ȥ
˼۾Ѿͨ죬һۣһţһ֡
ЩܵĹּ˵ʾ⣬һδż
û뵽ĺݣҪ֪ЩҪʧˣƾӿЩ鷳
ݲ룬ķɻȣ˷һ˹һʼʩץһʿԼĶơ
ǾҪȡжʱͻȻ֮һڴϸĳǹһ
֧ǹҲҵæԱһǿĶһ͵Ϯ
ҶƵļƻȴѾˡ
ʱбһɨվһλɹá
˲ˣǰΪɽӡ
ﻹףһжĻݣֲ˺ЩǸĴ󵨣ԭҵ˿ɽ
뷨ոв͸оһľʹ
ԭЩɻѾ䵽ϡ
мԽԽ࣬ĲɻȵٶҲ֮Ѿ͸һ˿
վԶӼ֪ѾûĻˣذ˰֣ʾһˡ
˸æֹסʿ
Źֹͣվǻһѵ̧ͷԶӿȥ
ȡҵ
εĵ˵ͷ
û뵽ֵͦǮģȻԳ֣֪ʲôùɵһ
ӿλԭ߳ƵۣȻѾ;ĩ·ʮȻǿվ¶ЦݣǺڸûʵĹ֮ҳһ
ѱ䣬λʦѾռ˴ƣٷҲûʲôˣͶʦǰԼ䣬ܹ㿴Σ
ɹ¶˲м
Ұڼ֮аɣҿɲܹ䡣
ɹĵ˵ͷͬĻ
ͷ­ֻȡ˿û͡
˵仰֮ͽܵԼĲϣȻŲԶ˵
ڽķϣϣܹչҵĸԼ޶
˿ҲЩ壬ϾԼҲҪǴġ
ˣΪԼϺùһЩæĵͷ
ģӽԺĸҵĸ޶֮
ĵͷȻ˵ˣͷøˡ
˵֮һǿͷ­һӾͱ䣬ͷ­֪ʲôԭڵϹһҹȻ˵Ľ¡
ͷ­Ȼ뿪壬ǲû۾ݺݵĿ˵ӡ
˼龰æĽͷ­˻УȻ˵ҷſģͶ̥˵ĻȻţȻҲú
ǿͷ­˵Ļı۾
վԶɹζĿ˿ˣȻת뿪˺Ժ
˵˼ˣæʰʬȻҴҵǰǰߣʣµЩƺˡ
ǰ߲ŷЩһѾûӰ
΢һ˼֪ЩǸʲôȥˣԭԼղŵӰЩŻˣǲңһ˴ԼƵĵˣӦǻȥټµıȻٽǺԼ̸С
Ҳֻ̾һȻ˿мŻƤΣ˰죬ӱ˼أСȥ
Ǹո£ϱ߿±߿յĴãͻȻоʮֵƮûеһձϣϽվ
ʱЩЦˣԼûǸʵʵĵһԱ󽫣һٻĺá


660 Ȩı
ڵھ֮УҲЩͷö
⵹ǣϷʲô飬ЩµǾȻʼƹˡ
Щ˻㼯һһڽǵɣǻϱ
֪ЩʱѾЩżˡ
Ǹ췴ĿҲΪٻڲ췴ɹһ룬Ǳ߻ûжһʩѹ
ǣҲġ
ΪڵѾȹ˻֣ܿľܹõɣʱǻ˻ʵۣôڹԭĿ๦ҪΪС
ԭ֮ϣЩһɣлЩҡģҪһͥ
ոǸ˼ڤڤоһɸӦ£˲õԤС
ָоֻҪһͥЩĿ๦ͻữΪҽ
ӽԺҲܵõˡ
ָоˣλ֮Уûһʵܹĵõɡ
ʵϵһֻҪǵ˻ʵۣ˼ļ¿֣ôɵԵ
Ҫǲʵۣ±ߵЩҲڣһʱû취
ԼС˼һҹ¶ģʵԼɣǿȷԼĶӵ
㻹ЩԸģΪȻ֪Լܹõɣӻûȷ
Ҫϵʱ䳤ˣԼĶӳˣôȨջԼĶܼܲرģɾͲˡ
ҪĺԼ˳ͻôһվڶһߵġ
ǸʱҪʰ棬¾ֻýȴԼԵΪ׽һˡ
뵽ʱ۾һתϾһȵİ취
ֻҪƺ⣬ӦòڵţԼҲܹƽƽĵõɡ
ڵڶǱ֮ϣЩһιĽ£ͣȰɣǻ
һ㲢ûԭķԣϳĬ˺ð¶˾ġ
ֻ֮վȻ̾һһ䣬һһ˴ǵм䣬зһλŮӡ
ŮӲˣʦöѾ
ѾȻ˵ʱܵľٶڴ֮ͥ£ͷһη
ϵı˸ЩԹʦ֣ôˣȻˡ
㲢û˵ʲôֻǣŶѾΡ
±߹ŵЩǶЩ֪ʲôӡ
»ص֮ϣȻһԵ̫࣬ԼԣѾһλ
ȻʾѾԼԣǶѾ˿ߺ죬ҧ
˴ʱ±ߵЩڽ˼ˡ
±һЩȴЩΪЩһֱǽƸԣصıΪĴҵæµҸһӡ
ʲôϾҪƽˣôһСŮƵλã
ϱߣ±˵ɫֻЦЦȻվ±ߵ˵
ȵ˼ףѶһֻ˵ס
˵仰һο˿±ߵЩ˵ɫȻ˵껰֮һ¶˽֮ɫ
رļͽܣѾǼץˡ
ϾҪ㵱˻ʵۣЩͽǵõ
̾˿ȻǲƲġ
ҲٶˣֱӾͿ˵ȻܹǻҲǵǰ̡
±ߵɫЩã⵽ʲô˼
ˣҾҵĶǻϱȻ£͹
±ߵڴûʲô˵ˣȻ㵱ʵۣĶӵʵҲһģֻҪܹǷͣô鶼¶ˡ
±ߵ˶û˵ˣٴתͷ±߹ŵؽĸס˵
»ʵǻٰ죬ϣм䲻Ҫʲôӡ
Ͻǰ˼Ȼ
΢ȻȫϹᣬѡ
˵֮ͣһ£Ȼĵ̧ͷ˿վԵĶѾȻֵͷҧʵ
ǲ֪Ѿôš
۾һ£Ȼ˵
Ѿʱ䲻ˣҲҪһ֮ӽԺ󣬶ѾҵĶˡ
վԱߵĶѾ仰¶˿ϲ
仰Ѿ˺óʱˣڴ㵽˵ЩԼǲǳֻˡ
±ߵཫ˵仰Ǹ˼
ԽѦЩȻǲ⡣
Ͼʱ򣬾˴󽫣ЩйͣʲôҲӰ첻ǵ档
ѾΪķˣ˵ҲһľϲΪЩǿǸѾˣһ̵ĹϵȻһ㡣
ЩµˣЩоòʹˡ
Ͼ˭ˣֵ׳꣬ȻʵۣµĴȫš
⽫ҪǶѾڵһӣǰЩԣ⽭ɽ鵽˭ͷϻһء
ǶҲǳľ£ΪףִŴһ仰ܽǵľȨ
ûа취ֻǵͷٸԤˡ
վϱߣ±ߵλ䶼ѾĶ±ߵ˵ôˣϽȥŰɣ֮ҾҪСʵ̳졣
ϽĴӦһֻ֮صڡ
ڴϵľܿľС̫ഫ˽ƵĶ
տʼʱƻǳĸˣΪ㾹Ȼֱӽʵ۵λø˺ӡ
ǽϢȴƵͷһưˮ
㾹Ȼڴ֮ϣѾĶˡ
վڽԵݺǷǳŭ
ˣôЩҪ֧ܴôĻҵϾͿŹˣȻ
⻰üͷ壬ȻĿݺ˵Լ죬үҲܽеġ
˵仰֮󣬽޵Ŀ˿±ߵĹŮ̫ࡣ
ݺҲӦ˹ϽĹڵأģĸԼơ
ĽվȻЩˣ֮ͻĹŮ̫࣬޹ֻ֮ʣݺˡ
֪֪ղǾ仰ҪǴ๫ĶҲס㡣
ǷˣүҲ̫صˣǰ٣Ȼñӡ
ƳĬ˰Σ̾˿û˵ʲô
ΪѾôĿġ
Ҫ֪ѾôˣҪ翴ˣͰˣõڣ
öѾΪŮˣӣԼ̨
ϾҪ˵ѾҲǲģЩԽѦ˺ͶѾϵǳĲ
ֶԵˣԼµЩˣȻľͲԸ
ڶѾķˣЩȻȻľͻ£ڶѾԡ
뵽֮󣬽ҲЩѵ㲻Լˣ


661 
ʱúܿ죬һתۼʱ͵ˡ
һ죬㴩һۣȻԼĶ֮ϣĴӵ֮£̳ȥ
Ҫأϵ飬ԼĶѾΪ˻ʵۡ
һ׷ǳϽ̡
һ˽ķǳ٣Ծһľżһָӡ
ȵһ֮ڴ±Ŷӻص˽Ǳ
̧֮ͷϿ˿ֻмΣ̻Իͣ㿴ŻЩȣܿľѹ˼
εԱߣһű΢СһЩΡ
Ϊ׼ġ
㱧Ŷף֮ԣַ˷ƽɫİ֣̾˿ӷ֮ϡ
СӽȻױһ·ˣ֪Լʲô飬صķҵһһ
ҡҡͷ¶һ˿΢ЦȻĶӵֱ֮˵
ʵʵıҶһܻȥˡ
Ҫ˵СͷǳʵĻȻһһСһ֮ϡ
ʵˣҲԱߵϡ
Ǹոã±ߵЩȻ֮򵹣ڵضмСʵꡣ
Сʵ۱һ۾Щ˸Ǳ߿ȥĵ˵ͷ԰ο
һЩȻﵱľż
֮㵱µĳ͢ΪΣʥ
ͿʼˣҲ±ߴϲּ顣
иµԽѦ˽Ƿ
ΪһɵˣҲǷ˸
ҲרŰŵģΪѾ˽ҪȻ̫ǿ
ЩǣΪԼĶӽµĵơ
ļͽˣЩ˸ʱȻûʲôͣǺǳ徲㽫ǽԷ
ǵĺȴЩͬȻܸߣȴûʵȨ
Ҳɵǰ壬ֻǸһǳߵľλǲȨ
Ӧ÷̫ˣǵȴסˡ
±ߵλ󳼻࿴һۣЩ˾ǾѾתˣǹѹƣһ첻Ժû¶һ
һ߸ոշϣ׼˳أ߾а˰Ӽɿ˽Ǳ
ǰĹ֮У˰ӼǾ£κεʱ򶼿ֱǰҹ˯ˣ˰ӼҲֱ빬͢
ǵĳ͢ոսԺܶĹضǰǰģ˰Ӽܹһ·ͨ˽Ǳ
⴫ѶʿǱϵʱѾĻҳܶطѾ˶
˿ŻǾ
ֻ룬ڵأӺȡһͲ߸ߵϹͷȻ˵
˧ʡ˷ңɱ˽ѾĽʡͶı
仰ǿϲ
Ȼ˵Ѿɹõ徲ɴЭ飬ǲ֧ˣҪ˵֮УΨһɵҲ
û뵽ԼǿоȻԼ¸ɵˣ˵֮ϲ
ϽԱߵ̫ʹ˸ɫǸС̫ʾ⣬ϽףСʿǰ˫йǸͲ֮»صԣͲ͵ǰ
ӹͲڷɨһ£ãŴ˷ӡ顣
ȡеһǱ߹صĴ󽫣ʡ飬ϸ˷֮󣬽ʡı
һĽ
㽫ϸĿ꣬Ȼķǰ֮ϣ֮±ߵʵ
ղŵҲˣʲô˵òý˵Ͷ
±ߵнǻ࿴˿ΪŵԽȳڵࡣ
̫ϻʣµĲȷʵҪǷ֣ȻʧС콫ʡ̫ϻʡ
˵ͷ±ߵڽϣܹƽ¡
ҲЩ̾Լոҵʱ±ߵЩһȣÿһսضܴ
أһˣҵҲˣȴûԭȵĽȡ֮ġ
Ҳ֪֮飬Ҳܹǡ
ԭȵʱһֻһССΪԼǰ̱
أѾͣѾԭǹȵʱƴˡ
ȻҲ˳ˮ۵ͬˣּΪ˳ִɽȨ
ֽһּ⣬Ǿɽļµؾǡ
Щԭߵģ˳ǻˡ
ҵЩһĿģǾʵ
Ҫ˵㼸δսǵԭЩϱʧĲˣڶļ¾
ЩǶǴܳӸѡģڿ˵ǽϵͳΪǿһ
ֻҪǵЩ͵ȥ˽ϵӵһ֧۰
ڽǾҪˣҪƽʡĸȻþּҡ
Ǹʱ˵˾д֣ûݣҲùԹԵĻ
ʱͿԸǵϷǰȥǵʵ
Ǹʱ˵ҪĻҲһٻǰҪǵ
ʹҲûеģ챾ǰʡı߾ӡ
ּⲻҵʹž뿪ľǣֱʡȥ
뿪ƵһαһЩ
֮Ҫô죬ΪԼûг֮ǰƾ̫ǿơ
һ߿˱ţͣϷЩǿЩסˡ
ҪЩ˻򲻹Щԭȵʱ㱱ǣЩ˾֯һҲ֪ǲЩǾҷȻʣµЩӶ򲻹
أ㼸ͳһ˱ҲڳˣôӵĴ򲻹ˣЩҲùˣһ취ǾǾ÷
ûж೤ʱϷʹϢϷЩһʳҲ
ȱңʱҲпɳ֮
ǿеѹЩңҲᱻֵæңûйٹ˼ϷˣʱǾͿԼĸƽˡ
ʱڸʲôأڱ󹬵ֵķҡ
ԭԴ㵱ǶѾΪ֮ĺԺͳ׵ҿˡ
ƻЩϾˣľȽƽ͡
Ѿݺȴô룬ΪѾԽƵĳ谮ԶڶѾǱӲǱ۲ۡ
ѾƢӵı꣬ݺƽǿҵķ
һ԰Уݺ˴ݺʮӡ
еǴ򹷻ÿˣѾôһ֣ɰѽƳ׸ˣ֮пʼһĶǵĹ


662 ȥ
˵Ҳּɵġ
ҲзգǾ㱻Ūͷˡ
ҸķգԼܲûȥܱܷ߱ͷĺá
ڼ֮ԴϣݳΪɣ¡
ľ±ߵЩԤϣϾڵ¾ʵǿѾͳһµʱˡ
ָڽʡ˵˴˾Ȼʱ
׼˵˸ԼսԱǵ
ʵʵӢ·սȵĲʱҲܹһٻ
ǰʵô㵱ܴǣҲʡøԼĺº󻼡
ڼ֮󣬼˲죬ͳʮ뿪ǣϱ߶ȥ
һ·£ͬʱʡ˵˴˾ҪѸԼϡ
ʱǽʡ˵ˣڽӵ֮Ǹ˼
Ϊͷģ˼ԥѶϣò⵽£ȥ
ڽļ죬±ߵЩʿȴ󲿷ֶΪеѾͣˡ
ЩʿĴսԴ𵽿ϣʱɥĿܡ
ǾôΪʲôΪԼļ˳Կڱ
öûˣЩôܵˣ
˽֮󣬼æǰѲȥҽʡѲ
Ͷ֮еöɽʡѲ𷢷ŵġ
ھȻöȱʡѲǸʲôԵģѵҪֳ
Ѳ֮󣬽ʡѲԵſӭӡ
λܴ˳ãԭֻǾеһʶˣһȱٹԱűΪʡѲ
Ȼ˵ĹԸʵ԰ûʲôȫһľżʲô͸ʲô
˼֮ſں˼䣬һţȻڻ֮
û±ߵѾ裬˾ȲʵˣΪʲôҵľû͵
˵ʱ͸˱ߣԾ񣬶д͵ģôֱжĥɱ¿
üͷȻ¶һ˿΢Ц֮ο˵ｫˣ͢ôжĥɱ¿ֻΪϾҪ£ЩȱһʱӦϣｫͼա
֮ǳĲ⡣
ھӪ֮ѾûˣôͣҿǸ㣬ҪǰЩ±ߵСƼˣǿʲô¶ɵóġ
¶һ˿壬ܿľȥ֮˵
ｫǽʡһȱǿ˽ڳ͢׼Ｏ£Թ˲Ҳǿġ
⳯͢˭ңЩСǿɲȥĶֻ֪ԼҪˡ
̾˿վȥͻȻתͷ¶ƵĶ˵
ｫȥ̫ϻʻϣݶˣʱȱã
Ҳɵӣһ⻰ϾˣλѲʲô˼Լѽ
ĬڷɿתԼڵҪҪ
ҪȥϣȻⲻ˻ᱻڻңҪǲ£Ǿֻ췴ˡ
Լ֮ѷôѵҪŴȥЩϲƵļ
ȻܹһʱＯݣȴᱻµʿΪжд̣ºܿľͻᱻЩһѹȥ
Ǹʱ򣬱˵Ǽ˵ˣ¾Լסˡ
췴·߲ͨôֻһ·ǾǹԹԵˣȻʧأҲԼɢˣܱסԼҪƴһսһĻҲܹһ
뵽֮˵۾
սΪʲôΪԼٻ󣬲Ҹһݴļҵ
뵽֮һվȻ˵ˣҾ£ھӪ֮Уʵѷ޷̫ϻʻ֧ͣԮһݣҴ̡
֮¶һ˿Цݣܿľͱüͷ̾˿˵ｫʮҪݺȥˣڵĿ⸮֮УǰеʳȫҲǴʳá
ô죿Щżˡ
ǣҵи취֪ɷ񣿡
лԡ
ģĿ⸮Ȼֻ죬£ȵݲʱ򵱵صܲʮŰɣ
֮üͷ壬̾˿Ҳֻˡ
ȻҾֻУµʱϣܹӪ֮С
ｫģǰȥﱸȵΣһݳڴ֮ǰ԰ġ
ĬĬĵ˵ͷ֮Ҳ񣬱ת뿪Ѳš
˵ܲϣ԰͵ſڣֱӰˣ»ص˻֮ڡ
ʱڣѾһλԱ
ܶ˺ǳ𾴣Ѳ֮𣬾Ȼǰȥ
Ǹ˸ϽһȻ˽֮ϡ
ȵ˫Ѿ裬ܻЩˣȻŶ˵
ˣ㿴°ɷο
λ¶ЦݣȻ˵˰нڣĻҲôԹԵ
֮һҲų˲õЦݡ
˽ȴ˵Ҳܵģֻеȵ˵Ĵ̫ϻʻ֮ǲܹġ
صͷ֮˵˷ģֻҪ뿪˽Ҳûа취ˡ
֮ôģΪѾܵټһЩֻҪ˵Ĵ뿪פأ̻Щǡ
ʱ˾ǷڣҲƾЩӼּ죬ȵ͢ΧˣӦϣ˾֮㡣
Ҳ֪ܵİţҲͳĬȥٶ˵ʲôˡ
Уһֹƽ֮С
Դ뿪ѲţټЩͬŽһŽ顣
Ҫ˵ЩȷʵǲԴͶ֮󣬸˵ĲƸ
ÿһ˼жмǧӣҲǧĶ
Ҫ֪Щԭȿɶһͨϰգ֮ȻҲսһֱֻнʡһ̣ԾһֱȽѣȻûжٷ͡
ǳ˸ζȻǲŷˣǿڵӾã˭ȥֵͷѪӡ
˵ܿľͱͨˡ
ΪϴͳˣоȻһ˿ʧ
ȻղѲŵӦܵڶδûһ˿
ڿ±Щͬǵӣһ˿Ҳȫıɢˡ


663 Ȩı
ڴ˲е뷨֮˾ʵʵĴʮ뿪˽ֱȥ
һ·ǵݴûг죬֮󶼵򸽽󲹳䡣
Һһķǳĺãʮһ·ûаܶ
˶Ѿʲô˼һ·ϲûʲôԹԡ
֧ܿ˼ϳǸ
ڵļϳǼһӪڼϳǸӪկӪȥʮ
˵һ͵õϢˣʱҪġ
ԴԼױԼӪڽ뿪˼ϳǣʮ֮ӭˡ
˴ŴԶԶľͿڴ·ĶһվΪ׵һڻɡµˡ
ԭȸսʱҲǼġ
һӾϳ㣬æͣסȻСĻɡǰ
֮ڵأϱȭ֡
Īˣ̫ϻʣꡣ
Ͻķǰ˷ȻЦ˵
ｫһ·Զˣߣڴ֮УǺȼȥ
˵֮˵֣Աߵһ
˱ôһ֣Ǹм棬ȥ¶һԶ
ڼϳУǴϯԼֵµЩǡ
Щ˱ЩڿмӣǷȻʼûж೤ʱ䣬ͺµЩǴһƬ
ڼ˼죬ʦ֮󣬼ʮƺƵؼ£߰оǵǵĿĵءݡ
ǳˮĽͨҪڳƽԭ϶ˣǳ뾩˺ӵĽ㡣
йϱ֮ľáĻչ뽻˾޴á˵Ǵ˺ҪĳУû֮һ
˵ݣͲòᾩ˺ˡ
˵˺ӣͲɵ˵α˺ӡ
˺ӵĹУ쾵㹲360250ڹ֡
ںܶӰӾѧƷУ쾵㿪˺ӵԭΪ˵ѡŮ빬ǽһĻ
ô˺ӾΪʲô쾵һ֮
Ҳһػ־ĵԡҵΪԼţΪ֮꣬ϣΪػʺһǧһۡ
˺ӣǣƾ٣ǿȨȥǿģһ۽硣
ԣ޵ĸֲһĵ
ȻĴǲ˰յĳҡڼͬһʱ˽ִ͹̡
Ӫʱÿ춼гһ񹤵ʬ壻Զ߾ɶͳʰ뵺ĵλãһսʮǧ߰ˣ𣬱ػߣԶžʧ޽˺ӣ°տ಻ԣ֪ɢıڻݡ
Ҳ̫֪¡
˵˺йģҲʫ
Ϊ˺ӣǧͨˮ£۹϶ࡣ
жλ쾵ۣ㻹Ƿǳġ
λųǧһ۵̫õĹλϡ
ص⣬˵פ֮̾ݸĴǿʼսͬʱռеôֻʱ׼ɹ
ôһ֣ϷЩȻѾõϢ
ЩҲʼˣǻϣ߰˸Э飬㡣
£սʱ䣬ĶҲ½½ʮ
õϢ֮󣬼æشµĴǵݸһСɽȻɽۿŶӪ
һ¶΢ЦȻԽԼԵ˵㿴Ĵô
ʵѾѶĴӪ˸ڼ㶯ʣҲЦЦ˵
Ľ㲻ӪҲǹЩȴһһɢɢûоѵӣ°ǵĶ֡
ĵ˵ͷҪ֪µЩмʮ򣬶ǴܳĽ£ʣµľɽİࡣ
Щ˿ǾþɳҾ㾫ѵ˵ǵΪһˡ
ЦЦȻ˵ｫԸԸһͷ
üܿģչȭ֡
£ĩԸΪȷ档
ãǵսѾһµʿҲһʱˮѵͳˮկԷսһ֪֪Ǳʿ
֮ȭ֣һȻʹҴҵ뿪Сɽ±ߵپȥˡ
뿪֮վһѦüǰһĶ˵
£ȻҲһԱþӱϰˮսΪȷ棬»Ҿ
ޱصһۣȻǰ˵
Ѧʲôðһͷ亹æһı죬Ҳ˵ʲôˡ
˵˾Ӫ֮ڣ֮ˮկһս֮ԦսĶȥ
ʱ֮е˧һԱϽ䡣
ԭȵʱǴܳһԱˮ֮ڴֱ֮ܳͶԡ
֮ͶΪҲˡ
ҲΪḻӵָȨҶмӡ
һˣԸ飬䵣ͳ˧
ڴ֮кôֵ԰ĹͻȻһ
˧԰ξֵҪ󡣡
֮һüܿľչ±ߵڽ˵
˵µĴսҵҪһڽ֮ǲǻͣ
˵֮˧֮һ֧Ȼ±߿˿˵
ܳɣһˮսһԶԷĽ
ĩ
һĸߴɫڣ׵Ľǰһȭ֣Žӹתͳ˧ʡ
ֶ֮ܳ±ߵڽ˵ߣҲȥһ
˵֮͵뿪˧˧֮ȥ
ؽæĸ󣬺ܿǾӪſڵĸ̨֮ϣִ֮Ϲ
һȫķ
Ҫ˵ˮװȷʵǺãսʿףԵĳһߡ
Щʿڴ·ȻҡҡλΣǲϰˮս
ʱһߵˮկĴҲ򿪣Ĵֻӵ֮ѿͣξȥ
ξһߵͳˣлЩĵģΪԼµľҲһЩˮϵѵǱȲ˶ԷҲȥ
ǵȵˮһľ˴ء
ЩˮȻľӾ񣬵һڴƽء
ҪǴԼһߵʿվվȣοɱ
ѾµͷҪѾˣֻҧأӶ죬µĴӳȥƾһɵĺ֮ƣԷѹס


664 ݼ
ܳɼξȻǵˮ棬ЩмͷĽϰˮս
ԼµĴ󴬣һţˮȥ
Ǿ˵Ҫ˵һ˵˫սˡ
ʱȣҪ͵սһ߻һߵսһЩõĸ̵̴֮⣬һЩ´Сս
һֻˮսḻĽֻСսɵĽӣԶԷĴ󴬹ҪԼСսٶȿŵ㣬Է
˵Ҳֻһӣڴ̻½սһס
ΪֻҪԼµʿѵսӢ£
ˣԳĴ󴬣ûкˣָԼСսͶĴսԳ塣
һ¿ӿˡ
һߵСսûȿ˼ҵĴ󴬣ͱײ˸䣬Щսϵʿһûлӳȥ˽С
Щ֮ϵĹֻķɻ±
һ£±ߵЩξʿǲˡ
սĸ߶ȣûа취ͶԷⲫֻùסԷĴأȻȥ
ˮ֮ϣɺ½ϲͬټЩȷʵǲϰˮԣȻס˶ԷĴأιɾͷ˾ˡ
ûЩȥϱߵĹ־һŵļʸϾͰˮϡ
һҵɱ
һߵˮ˼ɱǱͷ󴮡
⽭ˮ֮ϣӵȥأ˵˺Щûа취ֻ
ˣЩȻ˵һЩˮԣĳǿҲûǸε԰ȥ
ֵµʿƴȣҲûڡ
ȵ˵ı£Ҵ˽ٻͷʱȥˣѾȫû
˼һĻɵñͷڽߣŽϻʿޡ
Щɶжÿһĸϡ
ЩȫɥڴˣλصȥЩס
ʱվСɽ֮ϵҲɫࡣ
ڸղ㻹öԷһϵ뷨ô뷨ͱ׵ȥˡ
Ҳû뵽ˮǾȻ
֮Уһ߲Էˮԣƾ輺˶ڣټѵҲܹͶԷһ
ǽôֻһĽȻԷȫû
̬ƣԼȥҲǿ˶١
뵽֮ͻȻľѹֲǰĴϷһˮͨҪ߾ĴһȦ
һˮ̫㣬ˮսʿˮսȷʵǲ˼ϷĶ֡
ѵԼҲҪһȦػؽϣ
ܿľͰͷˡ
ԼûǸȥ差ļǡ
ԼļʮȷʵǱ˼ҵˣϣԼôأ
뵽ֻһͷۣԼ̫ѨŴڽ»صоʡ
ոյȣ߾С
üͷһ£ȻϾЦݣ˧֮ת˳˴֮⡣
￴˿бһѪۣ˧֮⣬ᡣ
Ͻǰ˲ȻҲᡣ
֮벻ܣҲʿܴ˴졣
̧ͷͨ죬ϵˮͣ¡
˸æһԼ¼ףȻͷصǱµĴĩñܣ˴ܣ³ͷ
̾˿Ҳ˵˽˴ʣ֮˰Լ֮˧λϡ
λˮսѾˣλʲôƵ֮ߣ
µʻͷʼڤ˼롣
ʱһֱԣվ˳
ؽĸףΨִµ¡
һرøµģԼ繦δλӳӸλһᱻµЩżż¡
ԼҲоԼȱһıʿҲЩ죬ԾʹӦҪھеһ
ЩһֱĬղĻ֮۾ת˼תһǿԵİ취
Ҳĵ˵ͷ
лԡ
£ҾˮսȷʵǲǣҪţѵˮ²Ƕʱܹɵġ
ǳġ
£Ȼ޷ͻƣӲ£ҲöԷڲʱǾܲս֮
Ŷʲôƿ˵
԰ĵͷȻ˵ԷˮȻûݣǵ⼸ʮˮҲɢ
Цһ£Ȼ˵еǹĪȼݣƺĪҲ֪ǶԷݶڻ֮һڳϰҰܣƾǵˮԼս¹ƶԷˮկ
ЦЦȻ˵ùƶԷˮկֻҪǱ°ڽʡİ취һ飬ôϷһҳһࡣ
֮۾һ⵹Ǹ취
ЩĴԼˣҲǳʱˡ
ãˡ
˵֮ɢʣ֮ҴææӪȥ
ӪĺһطܣνʿһЩŮ
ĵЩŮǲû赲˳˳мǸ⡣
û㴳ˣǸﺰӿɻڣ
Ļ䣬߾ʹһ嶣֮졣
žһŮӣϵ϶ǰ
һ£ܿͽԼǣһ
ŮӲˣʶӡ
ǰһףȻŽ˴֮ڡ
˴֮˷ֱѾ衣
豭ĺһڣֻÿڳ㣬ڻʹںȵЩҪࡣ
²ǰ־£
²豭һۣȻû˵ĴӪжˣҲû˵
΢΢һЦȻ˵ʤǱҳ£²عģս
ҡҡͷ˵˳˴˳Ȼ鴫ˮս֮ϣұϷЩ˲Զˣһʱȡʤ
Ǳʲô㣿ѵô˻رȥ𣿡
ҴżʮʦԶ˽ߣôܹ;ϣ
Ǳʲô˼
ʱѾվɹõǰ֮һأһ֮
ŵǸϽλ֮վ㵽ԱߣȻһ򸣣˵
ԣ˶ɷС
ʱֱȻô˵
ӰɣЩϷˮݣڲơ


665 
Ҫһ£Ⲣʲôѵ顣
ǣ͸ŸɴţǼҽϣܿݾͻȱ
ﳤһ
̸Щƽļ£͸ɢȥ
֮̾дһţ֮һֽס
Ȼֽ׷дһֽ̾ҡҡڰǻһɵ˿С
֮һֽ׾ͺõָʾ̾ͷɳʧҹ֮С
ӵһţϿɾٴλ
ǰһʱŸɳص֧֣ЩǿǷһʱ䡣
Щֶ֧ڷ˵Ҳûе̾Ҫֱ˺ܿľǰ
һȴȫͬˡ
ЩϵʿǣھȻʼ忹
Щֲ̣ʲô
ΪµཫԼĻţЩʿǵӵܡ
ҪЩʿǻûô£ЩѾԴˡ
ûа취ЩֻǼӽͨϰյѹΡ
һ½ϿֵԹڡ
Թ𣬺ܶطȻ˱ñѾ׽Щǣӵƣڱˡ
ôһϵľ
ҲǶϽ˽⵽󷽵֮ϾѾʶһеҡ
ҹĸдһۡ
۵ݷǳļᶨǸڲĴӦѹЩ񡱡
֮⣬Ѿհǰ˺ʱˣӦúЩ̯ˡ
ڽӵ֮˼ǰò⡣
ΪҪǱȹ½³
ҪǲôɣŽϼȥǸûжݸǰ֧Ԯˡ
ǸʱȻǱס
ʵò⣬ֻǰԼ˹
ΨһĲʿˡ
ڸտʼҵʱԵʮλ
Щ˶ʿҳǵļǶ֧֣ЩмӣǶײôϡ
ǵڣЩʿǣѾֵˣŰ˹
Ҫ˵Ҳƶ˼ҳƾԼһũӱţҲıˡ
׷Ĵ֮ڣһžͼڱ֮ϣüչ
ֻһתΪʲôգ۾һ£Ȼٴ۾ʱѾ׹⡣
ʱڱϵҲѾˣض֡
ܰ䣬ǰ˵
׸ϽļСǰȻ
԰ڰվȻԵС̫һ
ȵ֮̾ͿڵӦ֪ҳһࡣ
׵˵ͷ΢˵һЩ
ǰΪ£εƾ֣
ѾƸ֮ʱܹ¶ģôΣվǰ
̾һ˵ĺһģһ
Ȼһһݵİ취ֺµľӷ䡣
ܰ䣬ҾеĽ춼ЩҪд˼ƣ֮ء
΢΢ԼĺӣȻЦѵ㲻ôܹס𣿡
Ȼ˵ԸȽǱôһ״ҲЩգһķ֣վŭײ֪𱰡
ǣü޵вƽϢһԼŭ
ڱ۾һ£ԼǰǺлôôأ
ҲǷϣλүɲɥʧģĻһУЩЩʿǣ¾ûд̵˼ˡ
Ͻվϱȭ֣֮˵ҲعڵǣֻҪܹڽס㣬ͻһ
˵ױ۾Լղŵ˼·һ£Ȼ۾˵
ֵΣ֮ʣּӵһǧĶϵĵÿǧĶؽʳʮʯ
ЩھеĽǣҲǳڷ֮ǰԽЩȫ佫ľУʱЩΪԼӵܵİȫҲðʳǴճ
һλôġ
һʯ֮ơ
һ潫Щ˵Ĵ֮УҲһʣЩʿҪǸҲʳЩӵȥǰȥ
ڶЩʿǹԹԵĽʳȵ˾ˣҲЩ˻ŻȥһԼеĽǾͻᴿ࣬ԼĿҲļǿ
뵽֮ĵ˵ͷȻ۾۽¶Цݣվ±ߵ˵ļƲãο
ִӻȡһֻ͵׵ǰ
ҵĽԵκεľӣͰ˵ȥ졣
׿ŵصǰĽɵһðͷ
ǰλԼǰȥЩʿǴ̨
ǵȵ˱֮ЩʿһưոݣΪ˰Щʿ𣬿»ԼȥЩʿһ
ĲӦ̧ͷɭ۾ɵôһս
ҪǲӦȲ˱ھҪ
ֻ˫ֽӹȻε˵΢һΪô¡
ĻָЦݣȻ˵ͷ
ļ죬׹ȻǰļƲԾǰΣΪɣʼĵԱ
ЩԼĽǣǰĶ֮С
ǾޱȣһӵЩ˵ĵ۾һתʲô˼
ѾͬԼۣ
Щǰ֮󣬾ԾΪɣڰߵһӪЩȫȦͷ
ЩɵҲ֪ЩͷˣĹٱô죿ֻĬĬϣԲҪ̫֡
ڰѾӰ֮ԽžͰ׵ļıʼˡ
Щʿڽӵһҧгݡ
Ҫ֪ʳΪģԾôװ׵Ҫǳôʳֱǵ⡣
һͷĵȻķ
һøһ˵Ļᣬͱš
һЩǿɲٷˡ
ֻĬĬİʳ
ԾôһӾ͵õ˼򵣵ʳ
ƾЩʳܹӦһʳá
ΪʳҲʼЩƽ
ǰһյʳԶһ֣ЩСпڷԣ
㣬Ի˰
һǰһʱֵԹڵԣȻĺתЩո˳λ
ڵõӽϴ鱨֮󣬲ͣĸ̾ҪǽôһͣͲˡ


666 ʱ
Ҳͷۡ
ĸסƣôԼһʱ򲻹
ôһֱȥôϱߵЩһսǸʱԼ½ϣɾҪѸĹˡ
ĵǮС£ҪǺγϱݵ飬һ֮Լûа취ͳһ¡
ҲΪĵ顣
ͺԼȥ֮ĶӺﲻТûгһӢ
һͻһֱȥԹǷǳ޴ġ
㷳յʱһױ򵹸
̫ϻʣ
ɡ
˵֮ǸС˳ȥһٴα𣬴߽ˣһ׵Ůӡ
ŮӲˣӪеӡ
ߵľ֮󣬸һ򸣡
С̫ϻʡ
Լ̫ѨȻİڵİ֣Ӳ
֮Աߵһ֮¡
ӣϵǰĿЩ˳ѽ
ĵ˵ͷȻҲ̾˿
û뵽һѶϵھȻӲһء
Ӻܿľɫ·ųЦݡ
ҲùǣȻԵһʱİȴ˴ĻֻҪһ߼ʩѹĽɽ̼ͻ
β֪
ˮ̫ȥ˵ѹˣǲ˼ҴܾѾˡ
ӣβֻ֪ҾʵˮԿʲô취ܹҵΣ֣
ǵЦݸӵĲˡ
£Ҿ֮޷ҲΪˮսǲĶ֣ˮս½սôأ
Ҫ½ϣһ治ѶԷ
⵹󻰣ЩͳսȻ˵һ㣬µĴ󽫶սľӢ
ټһͨ½ϽսԷ¼ͻᱻɢ
Ȼôһоͺðˡ
վ￴ŵӣ֪Ѿı㣬ǰһ΢΢Ĺ˹
ĪƵ֮ߣ
ӵ˵ͷȻϵЦݣ˵΢ɵĵӣ֪̫ϻ˽ѣзţ̫ϻʿƾطסգʱƽɹ
Ӽ֣뵽˵λˡ
Ҫ˵˻Щڵģû뵽ȴʱԼʾã
аʲôɻأҪԼɫɣ
ҲļɵЦЦ˵¾ɷģطҲȻмٵġ
˵仰֮󣬾ʹӻȡһᱡᡣ
˳۹⿴ȥͿⲾ̰ɫʷĺظУⶫҲЩˣӦòǼٵġ
ֽӹⲾᣬ͵ӵϸơ
һɰһ
ԭǳϤǺ͵λ绽ͨһС
ֽľ
ŷഫǭg˰
طô΢ɵķš
ܿľʯָⱦǰ㴩硣
֮ǰֲãҲ磬ҴطҲ֪΢ɵʦǲҲڵǸССĵ۵Ĺ
ӿⱾ飬þõĲʵѵŷʲôɣ
ҡҡͷûʲô΢ɴûбʹùɡ
ԼǣŷȻ΢ɵطĸȴûʩչɹʦǶΪŷƭ˵ġ
ȻӰ͵ʲô
£ǰһεʱ䣬λεʦط͵̫ϻʵǰ
ʵʵˣ΢ɵʦһǵλ洩ԽˣһӦǻûȫȥӦʲôطʱıסǣĻûɺ£θΡ
һط׵ԼǰԼǰӡ󣬵ȵԼó֮Ҳøλá
һ֪黹ͦٵģȻܹͨʱ仯֪Լĳɾ͡
ȻͻȥллӣҸҼˣǱк󱨡
ӵ˵ͷֺ˼ҳǳȥˡ
ȵ֮ڵ¿ʼĥط
ŷ˵ҲǵŵһЩٻĿ磬Ҳٻѩ
õľҪٻѩȻ¶ȼ½ֱӽס
һҪķɾʹˣѾɾ˵ɣҪʩչŷЩв档
֮£ְֻ취һٻոճĴγƾֱӸĻ࣬Ȼ±ѩס
ȴĺܴڸոճĴγ˵ǳĲ㲻򲻵ѵǲġ
ôڶַ̨ٻǶļǰæ
㻹ǱȽڵڶֵģôҪƽ£ҲΪܹٵض磬֮£ЩҲдģǲ˭
ڵڶ죬ڳı̨
̨֮ܣձǵʽ߸ʯ
ۣ֮һʿĴ磬Ȼֱֳ̨¡
ѾĴΧˮй֮ͨô죬ǺԼеһʱǰ衣
⼸ɱѹʿڵķ
ϵ÷̳ڷ̳Ͻ̤
֮ʼĬĬ½̫֮΢֮ӡָʹŮΩԸ飬Ϊ֤ˡ
վĬĬڤ뱱֮͵ſ򱱶ǵķһȻȡԼеķӡ͵һ
Ƿӡôһ̾ͷųһź⣬ҫۣȴڤڤѾϵˣ㵽λ档
һλ
λոյһѣܾ͹һ岨
Ѿ˸Ӧæٴ䡣
ںڤڤ֮ӢƵ޼ʣ뼤ڡ磬Ӻֺ顣
һ֡
꣬λ񳹵׵ѹĿ͸λ÷̳ǰ
ҲоĿͶԼϣȫеķʼ̣޷
㲢ģֻٴ䡣
̫Ԫʦ׻𾫣׳ǡزԨͥ˵顣Ʈ̫ϵ뷼Сѩҽ伱Уоﲻᡣ
Ǵһأ֮ܲͬʱмѾǺ֮ϡ


667 ѩ
һ
紵ķ̨ȻƮȥǺ֮оͿʼ˵ѩ
ڷ̳ϵҲҵ̽ԡ
죬ʼ飬Ի¬򱱺㣬ڵΣ籱ݸ룬鿪ͼǻķִ̫ͯȷɼ飬Ӥ磬ڤЯᣬΪٱأݣԸ롣
һеı䡣
ҪɵķӳԼϣԱԼܹƲꡣ
꣬ϵ͵ľһʣѾ˼ļޡ
ʱҲɨ֮УЩеĵԼ˳˼ʼ͵Ķ޵ͼ˺֮С
ſԽӵĿ񱩣ƮѩҲԽԽ
ܵ¶ȣͿʼۿɼٶȼٵ½
ڲԶôӪ֮УЩʿǻһЩϾ׼Ѿ˶װܹů
ټЩʿǶǱˣԿһ滹Щĵõġ
Щʿǲжຮ䣬ǹڴӪǰָָ㣬ȻǶڽϵشʢĵʱڣѩǳĺ档
棬ĴӪУɾֿˡ
ЩϷʿǣû뵽ڳذѩڶǴı
һ¿ɰЩ˸ˣһ񶼲ҳ
ǼʹҲоһķ϶֮д˽ǻ
оʵ䣬һһϽĳ̧ͷۿ
ֻŨŨĺƲͣѹҪˡ
ЯЩƵ磬ǷмѩͣĴϡ
üͷзϵشôǶʩչͨı
ҲûзϣȻЩǺһЩѹҪƾԼˮǳ롣
ΪԼʿİȫ仹ǸϽ󷽴׼¡
ϷҪＯʮ£ɲһ׵顣
ûиµĹǲ͵Ӫеģôڽɵ취ԼůˣþӪеʿֳһֵɽ֮пȡů
伱ææĲȡԲߵʱͻȻһСææĳоʡ
䱾Щŭ̧ͷһˣʱѹеŭ
ҲˣߵԼĻһֱĸ
Żŵĸʲô
ǸСҲ˲ʧˣԱߣĶߣ˵
˧²ˣϳ˱衣
֮ŵЩס
ղĵȫʱ׶Ҫʲôá
ʩչסʿȻĶɹ
ԭȵʱӪлһЩŵĸˣЩҲڷϱȲ㡣
ǶıĴֻҪгһܹһЩǻкܶķסᱻϵġ
أЩŸɵĸ˶ѾˣĴӪ֮гһҰ·ӵҰ֮⣬ûЩŴɵˡ
Ȼ֪ԵǼ޵ʿڵûʲôãǱһ뷨˽λ뵽Ĵ֮С
ʿҲĹǺŲӾ·ΡΡĽʡ
˧ֵܹк£
æ˸˧Աλȵ֮˵
λߵߵҲˣ֪Ƕкλ˵
ʿ࿴˿һɽʿüȻ˵
̫Ҳ̫Ź֣ҿ涨Ȼиʩչ
ʲô취˶Էͨ𣿡
λɽ⻰Щεģ֪ôش
ı绽ͨ޵Ķʩչɶûгɾ͵СôҺĴԿ
˵ˣҲһæϾӪֻǻЩԺȣЩҪȥƴǿɲҪġ
ɽӿھܾ
ʱǸʿæգ˼ۣĴźţҪԡ
ɽҲ飬æıտڲԡ
һָλˣתͷһĵʿ
ôʲô취
Լµĺ룬Ȼŵ˵
ȷʵˢӣȻܹıʢı˺СֻҪʩչܸͨ̾һӦ
һ⻰һɾϲӿͷ
ɽˮ·һ塣
Ͻվλߣľһ
Ͽʩȵ֮ҾȻѵĹʱȻ͡
ҲϽվһ£Ȼ˵˧˶ЩӪл˴˧ӦڸֵܳʱҵȻʲá
Ȼ塣һ䣬Żһתֵǲ֪ʱз
ǼˣʵҲû취ڽѾ˱裬ĽٶȣڽϵʱĳҪסȵıͻᶳʵʱֱܹ롣
λһ£Ȼ˵˧Ϊ׼ƽȻڽߴһ̨Ȼֵ̽ǰ˶Էķ
˵ţҲķһЩЦ˵ãھʿ̨
ԼױӪȥȡƽȻѻƽã͵ʿǰ
ʿҲϲ־ӹ˼أҲûаѻƽó
˧ʲô˼
ƽеǣһؿҪѽ
˵⻰ʱҲų⣬Ķʿ
ʿһ飬ǿ򶨵İһ䣬ȻȻĻظ˧ֵܶˣôҶھ͸ǡ
˵仰ԱߵλɽʿҲ˸ɫ̾һȥ
ڼ˵ɾˣô뿪ǸϽǰһס֮ľϹⲻǡ
ʿҲ֪þյĵҲΪѵ
һŰ͵ʿС
ʿӹŻƽİе˵࣬оЦ˵˧Ͽ׼ɣһ׼֮󣬵ҵֵܶˡ
˵仰ʿʹλɽʿһ뿪ĴӪȥˡ


668 Ϊ
԰ʿ͵⣬ʧ»ص˴֮С
ҲûзҲŻƽ·
æԼױĶ߶Ｘ䡣
ױ֮ĵͷ֮Сܵĳ˴ʡ
˵ʿҴææĻصԼ֮Уλʿܻʵ
֣ѵа취ı󣬺Ͷλܶ𣿡
λʿʿı¿һҲԼ΢ǿһ㣬ҲǿĶȥ
ⱾҪͶλܿ⣬Ǽֱѻʯ
ʿϽǰһסͣȻⲢûʲôŶʿʹ˸ɫ𿪿ڡ
Сɣ±ѽ
ʿںҲ׹ʲô֮ŵ͵ʵƭ˴˧ƽҪƲ˶ķܹˡ
֣ҸûͶĴܶ
Ҫʲô
ֲ˵ʱ䱾ΪֵܹƽƽĴһ֮꣬һЩӣһ̣ڵΣϷǼֲסˣŴƽֵ֮ܶ˴ŻƽϽ
ʿ֮ҲһľϲѸղŵǳȫ׵˾⡣
ʿҰ·ӳûٷ
ƾ˵ı£ԺȻǲҪٻȴôס
һƽ𣬾ܹص£ЩҲһصȵĶȹһ
ʿʿعζˣЦЦȻ˵ʱ䲻࣬Ͽʰûعζӳȥ
ʿĵͷ˺ҵʰһЩһСڼְ֮ѻƽֳ룬˸ԱһЩ
֮Ǹʿĵӣ⿴˿
üͷһ壬ΪȻûӰȴĸоڰĿͶ
˼ҲǱҡ
ǷӣȻʿ˵˼ӣǿ߲ˡ
ʿһܿľƽ֮¶һ˿Цݡ
ҵʲô£ԭǴˣֲؾţ㿴ʲô
˵ʹӻȡ˼ŷ䡣
ʿ⼸ŷ䣬о¶˾ϲȻʵôݷ
дչġʿ϶̸Ĵ˸ͺŪȥ
ʿҲû׷˵Ȼɴ˷䣬Ҷ˾ܹƽӪˡ
ʿҲģ⼸ŷȡһţݵʿС
Ƕ˸ʩŷ̾ͻ˻̣֮ӿ뵽ǵ֮С
ֻ˻Σǽµؾͺˮһɢ˵ûС
˵£ֻ涼һɫĹâ
Ҳҵ飬׼ķ򣬾߶ȥһʱоڵǹɷϾҪľˣŸҴð
ֳĴѾһСɽ£ĴӪѾ·ˡ
ʿվһȻԵʿ˵ֵܾʹ˱ˡ
˵֮Ҳʿ˵ת뿪
ոյת;ĿһʹͷһֻһѱĿð˳
ʿЩŵתͷʿţȴһ仰Ҳð
ʿƽĽϳ˳Ȼ˵֣㲻Ҫң˭¶˰ء
λʿ仰ʲôЦһ£ѵ˵һ仰
ӦȻ١
˵仰ʿͱ۾
ʿվԣһû˶ñʿ˼ȷʵˣŸǰȥİ
һҵԼҪҵĶ
ⶫԵģǼݷ
ȻѾȥţڻ߰š
ݷȻ˵ڵɵĸ˵ʲôȴı
ֻܷҪǷľҲû취˵ɸһҲˡ
ʿϲԼľ߰ĹרźλʿãΪľЩ
ƽʱλʿϣټݷҪԼһ񱻶Էˣ¾Ҳûлõķˡ
ʱڵϣѾ߰˽λʿ͵۾֮󣬴оһ⡣
ʿõԵأû뵽ʿܹͻϮ
һ飬ͱĿڡ
ǲŵģԼĿڣŵµʿָָȴҲ˵ˣ͵ʿԡ
ʿҲȴԼԸ±۾
λ޵ʿɽ¡

˵λʿ֮̾͵ǧʿʼڳ̨
Ҳ˶ûʱһ׵̨ڳ
̨ãϽԼױǰȥѰʿ
ǣܿһجľһưˮ
˧ˣʿӰ
һ⻰˻ΣҿԱߵױסҪȻһˤһƨն
վúȴһƿ˷Լ±ǻرʵҲǴʸ˼ôû˸һر
˧ӵֵܣûп뿪
ͷ˼˰ΣȻ
ӪȻӴ潫Ӫ˶ȻӲԶץס֮ӭҪ˶Ρ
һ£ӪӪڻӪⶼ³һƬ
ܿλӴ潫Ͱ˵ʬ壬ǰ
俴˵̧࣬ͷ˿Ӵ棬Ȼʵôģ
ش˧˳鿴һ¿֣µڶʿɱ
üƽʱֵܣʲôɱ
ѵΪƽ
ܡ
Щƽͨ˵һʾ޿ǶЩ޵ʿǿƴĶ
˵ϻʲôܣ
üͷ壬۾תתȻȻ̧ͷԱߵӴ濴˿
Ķ𣿡
Ӵ⻰Щҧҧͷ˵˧ֵܵʱֻǵİĲûмʲôˡ
֮´һӴ棬û˵ʲô
µ˵͵ҵļǵİ͵ҵĴ֮ڣɡ
Ӵ䲢ûʻƽ飬һ
Ϊֺ䣬ƨƨߵģʬĶ·ȫȻϸİ͵ĴС


669 
ոյĻص֮УӴѾѶ͹ˡ
˼䣬ͰӴ򷢳ȥˣȵûеˣߵѶǰʼϸķ
ָʾһз˼ŷ䣬ûʲôصĶ
俴ǰķ䣬˧֮ϣ̫Ѩǰ
ͻȻʲôϸİǰķ俴˿ϰһĽ
ȫˣɱĿľ⼸ŷ䡣
⼸ԴӵĴӪûʲôͨһؾȻԼߣҲƾگͨ
뵽֮ͽĸȻŽս顣
ߵѩԽԽ󣬼Ѿ
ȥӦúܿͻᱻסǸʱܹ׵ĶȹϷ˵Ĵ
ǳףƾµЩʿ½Ϻ˼Ҿþɳľ򣬼ֱѰ·
Ҳűȫˣûеõ֮ǰȻԼױ׼սһ鲻Ҳߡ
⼸ŷĹõĻôͿⳤϺһӲ̣ʹȫûҲܹƾŷ䰲Ȼ
뵽֮ЩȡһţҧҧҧԼʳָȻѪͿ֮ϡ
ҲǷһַǳԭʼ÷ԼѪҺ
÷Ҳб׶˵ģϿֻʧһЩѪҺһ󲻹ǽѪҺѪҺ˴Э飬ĵĻѪҺ˵
ķüΣôǿ׳Ҳڶʱ֮ΪĵĿ
ʱҲоԼһĳ鴤ʲôڳ˳䳣սǿ׳Ļ¾Ҫˡ
ӽǰŷųһƹ֮󻯳˻ҽǻƹ͵ľ֮ڷȥ
͸оԼµأʼ
¶˶ţôһţϾ֮С
һϾôȻǿϲ
һʱ䣬ŷļޣǳ⡣
ڷʧ֮СİʣµļŷĲغãΪϡ
ȻѾõ˱ϣ׼һսˡ
ǾʱһͻȻĴ֮С
еĵƻҲͻȻȥ
һʱ֮еĵƹһеĴʼ򳤽ذᡣ
µСǷǳԸִеģΪ캮ضǴǵ£жֱɱ
һ˺ˣ˼ǧľ񲿶ӵսӣк˵̾;¡
⼸ʮҺģڳпơ
ʱѾ˷صоʣĴ֮УӵļʮԱ󽫡
±ߵЩһӡ
ѾɥʧʿΪ޷ȹڿɺˣǵ̫ϻԳֽⳡѩȻסˡ
¿ǽǵĴ鷳ֻҪǶɹôԷЩɢ£Щǻ治ϡ
ĴҲʼ׼
˵ڶһðսȻʮ㳲Žȥ
ȵｭ֮ҲûмǰһϽ̽һ±ĺȡ
֮˵ǽѾס˽һߡ
һˣȻ߶ֳʮ·ʼ򳤽ȥ
ߵ·ϵɢȥŷڳĶ棬ЩѾ˴󣬾͵ǹء
һЩ鷳ˣҪ֪ǣȻԴӽ̤֮ǱϾ½زͬҪǷսһ߿ǴƵġ
֮£ǴƣҲҪӲͷƤϳ塣
ֻǴ߶ǰ棬ϽǰϣܹϿĽսúøĲӴһ½
ΪǰĸԽ
ڽӵľ֮󣬼æµĴǰ
ĸԭԽµľװȫõġ
Щʿÿһ϶ףеĸֵͶҲͨʿҪ̷һЩ
֧ÿһζᱻǰ棬ΪӴȱڣһҲ⡣
ܿģ֧Ӿͽӽ˳ߣʱĹҲʼżˣһļʸһ߷
ԽæµʿƣȻСϣܹٽӽԷ
ǻûеǿߣǰͳһŵĳì֣Щì־Լĳǹγһǹɵǽ
ĹȻûֹͣżһļʸͣĸǰߵĳìԮ
ԽҲûкˣʿ䣬Լĳǹһײ˳ìֵӪ֮С
һ˫˵սͿʼˡ
ԽΪһػһսΪԷԴ÷ǳ룬ҪȱڣʧСˡ
һսȴԼĲ²ˡ
ЩϷʿȻ˵ǰڿͣʿûһеĳǹֻһڣֻܹ߰ì
µЩʿŶƣֻҪǰһײԷĳìͻֶ
տʼʱǷʲô飬ǽһˡ
ΪЩʿĶǵ£캮ض³ս¶Ѿûˡ
ʵԽ֪Щ˼Ѿڽվ˿ҹˣ緹ûгԣټôЩд̵ǲŽйˡ
ԽµļһǻȺһֻһͰǰĳìִǱͷܡ
Ϸĺڶս䣬ֱС
Ȼ˵µЩʿûд£ұ˰ϣǶĲҲûơ
ǿڱ֮ϣ¸Ͳȣ֮£ǿǴھƵġ
ڵǣµЩʿû赲סԷöԷɵľ˰ϡ
Ǵ򶨾ģҪڽ֮Ͻһս
ǰ޷ֵס֮̾˺ӿʼǰһҪµĴ¸ϡ
ʱĺҲϵˣЩļ룬ϷԽĵֵסˡ
Ǻ󷽵䣬ѾڰƵϷôӣǴߴٴǰ
һµĽȥ˵ļǵʿҲʼٵ»
ǳĽ¶һ˿޵΢Ц
Աһź۵ĵĿһ¡
Ǹ˶΢΢ĵһͷһϵЦݸӵĵסˡ
սڳһߵĴȫϰˣЩʤϰôսʼһб
ǿʼˣľ˲ܲ˵ȥ
ҲǳķŭսǰնɱЩܵʿҪٴλͷս
ЩʿѾǱ˵ӣһͷ
ټ˶ڣǾȻҺͶսӶԴ˺ս׵˳Ҳֻε˵һЩߡ
ڶԸĺ󷽿Ѿ޷ƿصľӳ̾һȻҵĽ˵
ˣأȸȥɡ


670 
µЩ߻һĵġ
һʮĽҪǲɢˣΪѾ־
æǰȰ
˧ʤǱҳ£ҿǵĴȻ˲࣬Ǻ󳷼ʮ֮󣬾£ս
۾һõĺ⣬ܿľס
̾һȻ±ߵ˵ʱԱ䣬ǵʿûк£˺ʮսҲǶ֣ҶôǰȻѣ
˵ŻأͻȻ֮ԶһЩǶɫͻ䡣
ΪЩ˿Ǿþսͨжϳдɵͻ
ʱ˿Щˣһ۾䡣
˰֣˵عˣǸϽȥɡ
ЩһҲͲȰˣǸԴȥ
ȵЩ˶ûӰŲתͷֱһ
֮ԼױغԼһ˽
ЩױǶΪԼ˧ܣҪɱȫ
Ϊ˱סԼ˧ڣЩվغ򣬾ͺ˴ȥ
ʱƣĴɱǵĴӪ֮ڡ
֮µʿͼ⴦ӪҺģĵо
ôԣЩɶ̫ϻʵģôЩоߣЩһӵϣЩĵоǴɱ䡣
ʱǼҲ˰ȻһСɽ֮ϣִ¹ơ
ֻԼµĴֳɼʼЩܵĵо׷ȥڴӪ֮ҲмʼΧŴӪѹҡ
ĵͷһؽ̫˳ˣΪһӲսû뵽ԷȻһ
ȵ˰ʱ򣬸·½½Ļص˰ߡ
µЩһЦտΪһεսʵ̫ˣЩÿһֵ¶мķ²
Ĺ涨Щ²ǲᱻŻȥģǻᱻūָµĴԼйʿΪǸء
ҲΪľǲɱģΪЩɶǵĲƲ
һӵѦĻرоĴӪѾ壬㵽Ӫ֮ڰЪ
ȷʵˣָӾӴһ죬ɽ֮ϴ˰ķ磬˵ȷʵЩܲˡ
ϽĴױ˴ӪȻůĴ֮ϴһˮ裬Ȼ֮ټڽս
ôһͳƣϲ⡣
һεĴսʧȻǧˣֱǺִܵһ
ҪǣжڻĴݶǽɻˣЩ㹻Ĵʳðꡣ
Ĳ˵һǳĲ䡣
ΪսߵĲԽԽѣЩݣ㹻֧һս
һʱƽˡ
ڽ˸߲ҵʱ߽˴󽫹ơ
󽫣ԭһͷ¡
Ĵͽ㣬һɵ£ڱ÷ǳĵ͵
Ƹе͵еĵ͵Ȼÿһδսʿ䣬˼գǵȵֹʱȴվĬĬԡ
ȴǳĽȻսȴ
ΪϿ˾̡ܲ
ƾ̣ڵʱȻѹ֮ûѹƣҲᷭ졣
Զܶι䣬Ǵʡ
һڴսʱ򣬰׷˵øĴ󽫣ֻùٵоӪʣҲΪϢ׼
֮ڣ㹰֮˵
˧ԶӪһƫƧ֮⣬˵о˧ױ
һЦݾҲֹסˡ
ӵоĴ˧ҲԼסˣһ¿ˡ
ǻûЦȫϳֿǹָͷһưˮ
˧ǴЩױ֪ǵ˧ӪԾǽӪȴһˡ
һüô£ѵ仹ܷ˲ɣ
Щʿǲ˵ѣϾǵ˧ΪҲǿġ
̫ϻʣѾµĿʸֶϸĿʹЩ˶ڿһʣӦòѡ
һü
ѵҲĸ֣ܹ˲֪սս
Īʱߵһױ
̫ϻʣ

ױϽȥ
ܿӾͿؽʣȵĿ˿ڴڻ۵ڽЦЦ֮㿴һۡ
ӣˡ
Цһ䣬ָϽ˸Լһλ
֮˵ƶǹر´ƵоӴ˽һƽ
ӹˣⳡսֵµʿƴս
ӵ˵ͷȻ˵λʿɳɱȷʵǹͲС
һת˵һ͸ˣȴ֪顣
֮һ㶣ô£ԼĴ֮һͷѵֵµؽµ˵Ĺͣ
뵽֮Ĵ󽫿˿Щ˱㿴һ顣
ǸϽһ࣬Ϲ֡
£ҵȾΥֵǺĵ¡
˵ͷ±֣߰ЩڽŸվذڡ
Щڿɲղڵ˽ˣһͷĬ
ӣ֪˵һˣ
ɹ΢΢һЦȻ˵˲ˣ˧䡣
һüͷһ壬Ͼֳ˲֮ɫ
Ӻγԣ
ѵ㲻һս̫˳ԷһڴӪ֮еݾȻûбٻ٣ȫȫ˱¡
˴ԣĬĵ˵ͷһصĴս̫˳
£һж͸µͶ״
˼Ƭ̡
˵ôһоͶԽ͵ͨˡ
ӵоķ²пп֪ԷڴＸڰվһҹҲûгԷҲûж¡
ľսǳ˹ˡ
ҲǾþɳϽôܷĴ
һ룬䶨ȻǱһָ˵ˣͶ

ϵʱոյݵطһ
˧ʹݵطӵȥ
һǳϤǰһʱڴӪ֮ڸܵɵλˡ
λص־ͽĴʣֹĲ֪˵ʲô
֮һϵеΥ

ǰ֮üͷһ£Ȼ˵ȻͶôĹͣҲܲͣӽй̰Ϊ󽫡


671 񹥳
£ѾĻ䣬볯ã¿׼ж׹
ǸһЩʵ䲢ôðԼΪ
֮Ըղô˵ΪĴ󹦣ԼҪǲͣηڣ
㻹Ǽģģ̾˿
Ҳҵв㣬Ļ˲ôҪɽ֡
ҲûôŹ䣬˻ǷԼԱȽϷġ
㻹ǴСһ٣Ǹְ
ɹȻȡһ£̬ȼҲû˵ʲôˡ
֮Ͳ˻ͷȻʵһĴ󹦣Ҫʲôͣ
˵Цˣҵ˱ӻԵ½ֻͣƽ£µİհҵ
˵ͷ¶һ˿Цݣ仰
㿪ʼϯףƵо
֮ڽ죬Ϳʼ¡
һؿûг赲ˣ;ĳǳ
ҲһӲͷģĹɽص֣˾ȻǾܲͶ֯׳ڶɽسǰڳһҪһսļơ
ⶫɽλ÷ǳҪǰϾһվˣܹﵣӦԵĸ
Ҳûʲô֮ģֱӾʮʼǡ
ΪССĶɽأĴ֮£һձɹơ
һĴʧ˽ǧˣǶɽسǾȻȻȻ
һЩˣʲôԭСسǵ˾Ȼ־ɳǣԼʮס
ҪĲ̽ԭ򣬻ôǳء
ҹ㴫۽ʮԱ󽫻㼯оʣҶ
±ߵЩˣȻ˵һսǾȻһССسס˽ŲʧĲء
˵֮۾±ߵĴ󽫣Ҳʼɭ
±ߵĴ󽫱ʩͨ죬һͷĬԡ
Ĵսÿһǿ¼ʹϾҲʣ¶ˣ˵ʲô취سǣ
±ߵڽ㿴ңҿ㣬ͷ˵ˡ
㿴±ߵˣЩɸ֣ԼҲЩΡ
ЩҪ˵ɳƴɱȻһޱȣǳıߣΪˡ
ʱԣȴվϱ߹˵һƣȻЩ𣬵Ӧܹʿٵسǡ
۾һʱ̻ÿЩѽ
мƿ˵
£Сسֵܹ֮סǵĴǾȻΪǵĵĹϰ־ݳǶء
ѽ˿һٵϡ
ȻвŸɣسǵĻϰգֻҪڴӸҰ֮ռͨգ䵣ǰ棬ôسǵİռµĸףȻҶ֣ʱǴһӿϣ̾ܶ´˳ǡ
ƣҲʼ
ƲߣȻܹ´˳ǣԼɾЩˡ
վɫ粻֪ò⣬ٴεĹ˵
£΢ţԸ칦ǵ¶׼
۾һ£վ±һаĵ˵ͷ
һȻɫ֪Լ뱳ų
Ҳã׳ȥԼףཫԼһЩ
ãȻţôǴӪĵǲ
˵仰֮һ뿪оʣø
ʱ۾ɭתڽ˿Ȼǰȥվ˧֮ԣϱһ֧
ƿڣ
ƿĺҲҵϽǰһ˵ڡ
ǧɢȥ֮ǰҪİա
ƿ⻰оЩõùĻôֵԼͷϣ
ɽҲΥֻǰһӹƣȻҲת˴ʡ
ڽƿ£һ
Ȼ˵ƽƿĹϵǵڹϣѣҪƶĺá
ѧΪսӵͳ죬챾һΪսӣеİҪǸҺ̾͵ش
ѧ£ֻһɺԼԴϣ˵ԼôôùտʼȥץյĲʽȻ˸ùġ
ǲҷǰƣȻĬĬվڶм䡣
ԭȺϺõļ󽫣ڶͶĿ⡣

ڶ峿ʱ㱻ĳ֮ˡ
Ĵ˼·Ȼ˴ʣһױʵô£
ǸױЩ߿˵Ǹ治ǶҲ֪Ķץôİգ˵ҪЩյǵȷ棬ȱ˴ˡ
⻰Щ鴤ѵԼױһ䡣
ҪҽҲǸЩӻҲ˵
˵仰֮ҲԱױŵɫת˴ʡ
Ǵˣһڴˣ˭˵Ҳȥ
Ȼûһߵױ˵λ󽫣ǰսս
ֱӾʹ»ȥ˵ǽԼżȻ纮׳սĴս֣
˵ٵĻػ֮̾͵սģĴӿ˴Ӫʼڶɽس
ʱɽسҲ׼Ķ׳Ÿָվڳͷ֮ϡ
ҿϱ߲ͣĺХӦʿǷǳõģǣЩһЩš
ϣƵĿŶĳͷȻԵĴѧ˵Կʼˡ
ѧƵĵ˵ͷȻ뿪һǰһİ֮
žİձٱǸ˳
ЩŮ׶У̧ż׵ӰǾ֮ɫںʿɽسǿ
ɽسһλɫ۵ʿʿ۾ҪɳѪˡ
ʿˣǶɽسǵ֣ˡ
û뵽㲻Ȼܳ²ߣҪϰյܡ
ǵʱҲܹĴˣǶԵһСУ˵ҾЩ˿ǽһٲʱ̿ʼż
ǴЩǵİѽ
֣˺ݺݵĵһۣȻ˵ضԣ¡
ǸСУ֣Ѷֻεȥˡ
±ߵЩȻǿ޵ǰţȻٶȻȻһһĿ˳ǽ
ʱǽ֮ϣͻȻʼϡϡļֻ
ҲǳͷϵİղԼԵѷż伸֧±ߵһ㾯档
µЩգһмЩҺ֮±ߵİҳһţʼейеܡ


672 Ӳ
ѧĶսӣ˻̸ŵǹǰտʼʱǻŻһ£ǼֹյĺˣҲõʼôЩա
Щ˵壬ͣ˽ŲȻÿ־Ŀ⿴ЩʿǿЩʿЩ
ǾɽǾҲܹΥֻߺȵģЩջͷȥǡ
ĵǹ⼸գ͸˾ȻתȥһλĿǽ
һسسǵЩ׳֣˵ǿ£ǿʼģĴżˡ
һļȻܼ࣬׼ͷȴȻʮǧ
֣˿ҲֻεҡҡͷЩȻѵԼһزסɽ
±ЩϰԽԽĴҲʼıƽϵİЩȻˡ
ҪöĴϳԼЩسǵ˻кãǿʼسˡ
һһ棬±ߵЩտɾˣĹԼľʯͣĴӳЩǽİ˲ء
µİսҲЩˣұǶɽصľǾȻ֣ôҲֻˡ
±ЩûоѵҲʼƴˣͣİӪݼ˳ǽ֮ϣȻ󲻹ϵ̻׵ĺӣǸոռ˵ϱȫӵͷȥ
ǣһޱȲҵĴսͿʼˡ
Щͷϵ׳ǣͣİеĸֵ߳ì±ߴȥÿһ¶һҽд
±ߵЩҲʾȻ˵һȥˣһ油ܹõһбϻȥ
ͬǶɽصİգμŵǿӲѹ£ʼĶɽǣһޱȲҵĴս
һֱսе磬ϵİЩֲסˡ
Ͼسеİջ٣ټ±Щղϳ壬ϱߵҲЩɱצˣȻֽŶûսˡ
ڳͷϵ֣˿Ҳ̾һ֪ɽسǾͻڽ䡣
֮£֣Ҫôսڳͷ֮ϣҪôȥһ£ȻԾ
ûѡǣ˳¥Щϳʿ
ں󷽵ͷʿĵֿԽԽ΢ˣ֪˷һʱˡ
̾̼˹ǵĶ顣
Щļ룬ͷϵʿȷʵǵסˣǿʼӵ³ȥȥ
һͷȫôռˣŰɽسǵĳҲ򿪣ľ˳ųŽ˶ɽء
˴ʱڴ֮ڵõ㣬Ŵױǰ
ӳľǳǽʬ壬ЩʬŸָʹı飬ʾⳡսĲҡ
۾һ£ܿľˣתͷ˵㹥ǹͲСȵؾ֮֮Ͳ١
ʹҡҡͷΪֻ֮ͣ¾İЩգǾΪ
ССҪȻܾæĵͷȻ˵¾ͽˣӪеʿǲ
˵仰ͻȻһ¡
ԭڸղӵʱķͻȻ俴ˣͷ֮һɺ
֮Ȼһĺͣ߻ۣ֮ҲͣطţһԩС
źԵģ񹥳ǣɵծ
㼱æָϽбɨһԼͷԼͷȻҲһ˿˿ĺۼǺܿľͱԼϵķɢ
ˣһ
ҪԼͷҲôĺۼԼⱲӱˡ
ԼľǶԵģЩծ齻ֵµȥԼֻҪܳɹˡ
˺һеԽ̽ǰر
Ѿ壬ǡ
ĵͷȻױԼĺʿʼĽ붫ɽǡ
֮ͱڽ֮ڡ
үλ֮ȣ±ߵڽЦտҲĵͷ
һ񹥳ȷʵЩȱ£ֵµЩǲû˶ɥʧʿǳ⡣
ʱȹǳصĴԽȳ
£ĩڹǳʱ²˶ɽص֣ˣ֪δá
ɫͱԼĴڶɽͣ˼죬ʧ˼ǧҪһ񹥳ǣϷ½ࡣ
Ҵ
һ죬һһ˱ǰ
㿴±վıֱˣɫӵѿˡ
ܾ֮Ϊβ򣿡
Ņ̀ͷ˿㣬¶һ˿м΢Ц
ҳݶ
Ǻǣһ赲ʶʱĴҲǰԡ
˵仰бɨһվ±ߵѦ塣
Ѧ忴ɫ̾ҪʲôǰһԼıֱӾ֣˵ϥǡ
žһҽУ֣˲˵ڵء
ʿæǰһץסһ첲ǿӲĽ֣˿ǹǰ
ʹ֣Ҳƴ
㿴ĲһЩеŭ
һССΪʲô赲
ʳ֮»Ҿ֮£ѣξ֮У
㿴Ź±ߣȻΪʹͣ鴤ӣһ˿֮⡣
뷨ܿľͱѹȥ
ԼҪΪǿŹôԼҪĳǳأôؾҪѧԼɾ͵ùˡ
ǿӲԼĳ±ߵ˵˻Ҵ£ʹ˲أ񼫣ɱƽߡ
ȥȥٴ
һ£ʿͽ֣֮ȥ
֣˶ڼ̵٣Ȼ޾ɫȻͣ㡣
неһøжɾˡ
ļһﱻϳȥ֮һ±ߵн˿Ȼ˵ǵϾһ֮ңֻҪϾڽϾ˸ʱԴΪغɨϷ
˵ʱԼҲЩܡ
λ˭ԸΪȷ棿
ʱԽԽڶ˵ĩţԸΪȷ档
Խ㻹Ƿǳĵġ
ãȻԼӧôҾΪǰȷ棬Уɽ·ˮš
ٴδգȻΪоϾ
֮λ󽫾͸ɢȥȥԼľȥˡ
ԼҲصõĺ棬׼úϢ죬Ȼδ̡
ǻû˯೤ʱ䣬һ
£֣䱻٣ǳеİȡ⣬ڼҹ


673 Э
⻰͵ľʹλվ֮ƿСԺУۣơ
һɰ㾪ĲС
ԭһĵĻСسǵϿղͣ£䵽ÿһҵ֮С
ЩۣһӰ־ʼۡ
⻹˵ã
Ǹոȥ֣ˣҪ˳
Լµܳ佫ս֮Ҫǲֹġ
Լĵ˾ȻҸȼɲܹԸġ
㼱æԼױ
ٴǣҰռ֣˵Լλ֮е⣬úڹѪ֮ӵ֮У̳֮ɹɣһûա
ƾַѹס֣˼ͷ
ױ֮̾ͳȥš
ܿ죬Ĵʹ˷ӿ˶ɽ֮󣬰Ұռ֣˵λ
Щɽصİվͺʿս˼죬˲أ˶Ƿǳʹޡ
һʿǾȻҰҰĽѲ飬ȫǵĵߣ˸ĵֿǲ
ЩʿҲûйЩϰգȻûиֱõɱǣñӳ飬ȴǼҳ㷹
˵ȵ˵ڶϵʱڳһҰϣѾ˸߸ߵĸλ
Щλееǲݲݵľһֽ
ȻǵʽͬöһģǾǹԭȵλɽص֣ˡ
ڽӵ±ߵ˻ر֮ɫҲÿͬʱλ֣ҲЩ
˿ȷʵһӵĺù٣ĻϰҲֿܸ㼸졣
ҿʹˣӰҲû½
֮Ӣۣ֮ܡ
ȻҪӰӶɽĨ
ռЩľƵĵ죬ֵĺڹѪʹ˷֮һͰһͰЩľȥ
˵Ҳ֣ЩڹѪ絽Щľ֮ϣǱƽƽ޳ľƣȻʼ񱻻һ̵졣
֮Щ˺ڹѪľƣֱʿé֮У͸˼ʱȻ̳ɹɣٴûա
һЩ֮УгȻɫͨ棬һ˿˿ĺɫĹâð
ȵһж֮֮йֻѾҪ۶ɵ֣˵Ѿʼɢȥ
㵽˲һ˯һȾ
ǵȵڶù緹Ժ֮УһɨϾͰŵһ
ԭٴ۹ۿسǵʱȴÿÿ֮Ȼеۣ֮۵֮컹Ҫ졣
ȥȵʱ֣˵ͻᱻ۶ɣܹһٵ
һЩˣЩվȻڤ粻飬λָѽ
δٴοʼѳǡ
һٴνǵʿɲԭȵһôˣһҵſڣһž߿ȥҷһ
֮񱩣ΪЩʿҲ鷳챾ӦһģռЩľͷ
Ϊ£ܹϢһ죬ˣٴνѲ顣
ЩʿΪЩϰǸԼ鷳һŻء
ЩϰսҲֿģֻһó޵Ŀ⿴ЩǰѲʿ
ЩʿǶҲ죬ʱͰسһ飬͵ǰ鱨ǣسǲûмκε֣λ
һ°ˡ
ⲻѽ
ûλ֣˵Ϊʲô۵ô죿֮ͣĻ㼯
ʵûа취ˣֱӾµʿҼڵĸ̣ǽеԼǰ
Ҫ˵ڵǮ˱ЩǸӵ
ҲЩջЩܹ䲻ЩȴһˣΪ˻Լʲô¶ܸɵó
ȻЩ˾ոһʣǾͰԭȫ˵ˡ
ԭЩ֣˵λ֮󣬰лԹġ
˱ǲҵֿ֣˵λǻ֣˵ĺá
ЩֻǹڼУңң֣
ıŰЩոӻ֣Ƕ֣µӵǿҡ
ǰյ
еǣļġ
֮£֣˵űۡ
ҪƻҲףֻҪγǰѹ֣˸ո۵꣬̾ͻᱻ촷ۡ
һȴĴγˡ
ΪһСС֣ˣԼɲɵ¶
ôֻһ취ˣǾǺ̸֣УΪػԼһo
֣ͬ⣬ôһжãҪǲͬ⣬Ҳòʩչͨǿнɢ
ֵµΪԼ跨̳
֮ȥۣ˵ҵķΣ֮ڷ̳ǰ̤̽

ӦǬȼ͸ţƼùƳ֣ϳգɫַ׷ף΢пʥһŮɣǧ·;룬٣뱾̳ʥ󽫾巽ƣɽѩɽʥ߸ľ߸߸ɣͯڣָӺ֣
֮֮оĹ١
Щڶɽسһɨİռзɳ˵⣬Щֻһ˲䣬ķ̳ǰۡ
ܿͿЩ۳ɵ֣ˡ
ڶ֣ҲûƢˣڻŵʱƾһصİ赲Լ죬ԼʧС
֮󻹲ȻҪԼԡ
Ǻе֣Ҳģ۾͸⣬㡣
ʹڵ֣˻ûг񣬲ƾԼӳ֣ǿеسΪһոճɾ͵o
ʹҲһЩoͨһͼԣĹ򻤳֡
Щÿһһλǿo
֣ڸոѵʶҲЩѵ˵еʥǰа黤ӡ
ڷ̳ǰ㣬Ҳûи֣˿ףֱӾ˵֣ˣǳԶܷͶ
˵ʱһֻѾץסľ⡣
ֻҪ֣˵һ֣̾׷֣˴ɷĩ
Ȼ޷֣ʧҲʱ䣬Ὣֵ֣鼮ȫٻ֮ѹľó
ʹǰո֣Ҳ޷ֻأ³
֣֮󣬷ͨ͸һ˿֮
ϾŵʱѾΪԾұЧѾˣҲΪԼһˡ
ֻ֣Ƭ̣΢΢ĵ˵ͷȻ˵ʥӵ棬ԭȲʶʱͻʥӣˡʥҳôӽԺԸӰգ֮


674 ٳ
֣˸ո˵仰֮оһ£֣֮С
֣˱ЩƮ꣬һͻȻգۼ֮ͻ㼯ϡ
廯һźɫ̫ǰ
ԭղ˵ԱиУԽ˽͡
ܹٵĳɾo
ĽͣҲǶӽ֮ҪΥŵԣЩ̾ͻɢ壬Ŀ޻ΪС
ʱ֣˳ɾ壬Ҳӵ֮ͨ
ֻһ˲ˣԼڱǿеĺһˡ
ʱҲЩЦڻŵʱΪĵ˾ұЧû뵽֮󷴶һ
վڷ̳ǰҲõĴţҲǰ֣ѷǵС
ǴЦ
֮񣬽ؿ·У鱾УʥͥзΪ󣬼ٽ٣Ԫʦаħ˲Ρ
䡣
ֻһǱѾ۵֣˵㲻ķɢȥÿÿİռС
ȥ̳֮»ص˴֮ڣԼ̫ࡣ
ּ⣬֣ΪɽسڶɽΪ佨
Եּ̫Щ⣬ǰʱ֣Ǻ֮ǣôˣȻҪȥ
Ϊ̫࣬ӵĻǼʹҲҪȫȥִС
˺ܿģɽصİնѾ֪
ЩгɼЩ޵İǣƽϢһЩԼŭ
ŵĶɽأҲʼƽһЩ
÷֣ͣҲͶұ
ڵϣĶɽصİձε֣ˡ
У֣˸߰գķͣѾΪ˶ɽصĳ򣬱Ӷɽصİճðγ
ڵڶϵʱεİգ㽫Ϣˡ
տʼʱ˻ţϾ֣˿УôܻɸΪ񲯣
εԽԽĳ֤£֣ε飬Ҳͱɽسǵ϶ˡ
˱ЩŵĶɽأͿʼۿɼٶƽϢȥˡ
ȵżʮ³ʱ򣬶ɽѾԭЩͶسûʲôȫĹ鸽ͳ֮ˡ

˵ʱϾѾҳһš
ǰߴܣϾڵЩȨҲ֪㼴Ϣ
ЩԭȻһ˿ϣΪֵܹסɵȨȫûˡ
Ϊ˱סԼЩ˿ʼͣתϾڵĲƲͬʱԼ˴ϾתƵȥ
ЩȨˣԿϣǿǳ˳ǡ
ܰͳȥ⻹Բֵ̫ˣһĽ
ǼʹϾڵķҲһʳļ۸񷴶ʼǡ
ȻԼεּҪЩƽּۣڸƨֽ硣
ϾڵİԹص
ǶҲȷʵûʲô취ҪںƽʱȻܹǿЩȨǽۣͬʱĵطݽϾǡ
ЩطϵĹԱҲѧˣԵǱǴӦȴһʳҲû˵Ͼǡ
ΪЩٵѾˣǱסˣ֮£ȻҪΪԼԺĸ롣
ǴǣܹϾǵֵס㣬㱻˻رǾͶĳӡ
ϾǱƣǾͻһʱ
Ҳ֪һ㣬ΪԼĸҲƴˡ
ĸıʿףϾǵķʹ
ͬʱԼڿ򿪣ݺȥá
׿ɲôѶϣڵηʹͷһ죬ͰеıȫļһͬʱʼһһҵЩȨ̸
ôĿЩȨԼļҶȫͬʱһá
ЩȨʵǲԸģϾЩҶıϣ׵ǿӲ̬ȣҲֻˡ
ˣܿеС˱㱻ҵװһ£Ȼһѵ͵Ӫȥˡ
ҲЩƣھȷʵǲ˽⣬ЩȨôˣΪЭˣǱİõĿʼϾǵķ
һµˣȻʮȫŵϾǵĳǽ֮ϣȻȵķֲ
Ҫ֪Ͼǣʮܳ
ôĳϣʮȫ˳ǽôصĺҲûж١
ԴȴûʶմմϲΪֻҪϾǸǽıҲ
ȴû뵽ϾǵڲȫһҩͰ
ǰһʱǿȸȨѱȨȻǾһǰѼҶҲƽ޼ۣȫǺЩȨʿǶŸˡ
ǿ£ЩȻǲ˵ʲôѾ˷ƮʱЩȨȻǸ⡣
ĴûеϾЩͶţѩƬһɵİϡ
ϲּģҪ֪ҪƾŴϾǣǿǱȵ컹ѡ
ʹǿйϾôԼ⼸ʮҲʣ¶ˡ
ЩӦԼȻһ¡
Щ˵ţҪģԼͷļ˻ظ
ǣֻҪܹιϾ´󹦣ʱٻ
ôһƽƽţȴʮ۱
ЩȨڽӵ֮ǴϲǾͿʼ磬׼ڱҪʱ򿪳ţǰһ󹦡
ʵҲЩȨαҲʼĥ
Ȼ˵ԲͶҲڱҪʱӳϾǣȻĵ̶ɽ
ˣһȫ֧׷Ͼǣһ氲Լĸߵ·ߡ
ȷԽĴϾ£ϾոӵĽˡ
ֱӾͰϾΧгǳأȫøԽԼֻϾڷأȻһս
־ɳǣôȷʵǺãΪϾǳǸǽټݳԣƴһսĻֲûε˻ر
ʵʵǣԽոյϾǵĽ£յš
Ȩһ飬ҪԽֻҪһ칥ǣֻҪԽɫĴ죬򿪳ӭǡ
飬ԽɲţֻϾסȻ㼸ʮƺƵĿϾ¡
ʹ㼸ʮҲ޷ϾΧסֻǼҪҪŵһЩأ󲿷еϾǵıš


675 
֮һ޹ľ۽
ͿʼŹϾǵˡ
۳ǣҲЩͷۣʹ鷳ҲĴ
ԱϾǵļЩҪϳǽֻǸϾǵؾһЩǣƣܰеıȨеԼϡ
Ϊı棬ɳԼĺԽ
Ҳ㲻˹ͣʵԴӷ֮󣬾ûԭȵĽȡ֮ģҲֻԽǸҴƴ
ԼҲԽĴ֮ӦֻҪʲôΣܹʩչͨǰԮ
֮ӪͿʼڣʮ㳲Ͼǵĸȥ
һߵĶǽϵҲˡ
Ͻһ沿ϳǽأһϾе棬ϳͷʿ
ϳͷȥ˴ԼںΪݣԱʱ֮衣
ֱţⶼʲôʱˣ̰
ֲԵ־ֻεİ·ŵһˡ
ôһĹ±ߵѾ׼˸ֹеϾӿ
俴±ߺѹѹһƬˣ۾Щˣ嶼ҲЩ
־ǼᶨģȻһԴĹǣȻҧʿ׼ء
ϾһĴҲʼȼڴľġ֭
ⶫʲôӦö֪Ͳˡ
Ҫصһ£ֽ֭ϣܵĴˣЩ͹ľʯеĻҪҡ
УһȻĻᣬľʯоǵܵʹҲ
һ֭ϣôɾеˡ
ƤܴĲλͻĻŧȻʼãûһֱӵȫ˵ȫöܵʹ࣬޷
󲿷ֶ˵ʿᰧԼͬ齫ԼԼʹࡣ
һ߲ûʿտʼݹ̣ǸֵĹеƵ˳ǽ֮¡
Ще˵ľͶʯ
ЩͶʯִŷʽ
ͶżʮصľʯҪͶŵľ룬ҪͶʯԶһض
Ҳһθ湥ϾǵһҪ
ʣµЩݣҲûԭʿǰȥǡ
Ҳñĵλ漸ǧǵľ
´ӣƶʻҲΪݳ䱸зܣʳץߣû豸
㳱ˮһĹڳ¥ϵҲʾһߴߴţʿǲͣĻػһ뾡취ĲĹе
ϾͶҲװһЩͶʯЩͶʯӸ£±ߵĹеѹƷǳ
һЩͶʯȴôܹԼãĶżپߵľͶʯ
ЩͶʯͶʯͶʯһ˶Ͷʯȫλѹơ
˵һ߲òʿѪѪֿŶĳˮһĽ
һгǽĻµЩʿ׳ˡ
ǽ˫֣Ҳûƽ
һߣǸոյĿʼڵȨǾͿʼܵļԼżҶˡ
ЩΪԼٻѾ˲ǵˡ
ҪЩȨÿһҶϰٵļҶһȻ˼ǧˡ
⼸ǧ˶װҴƴġ
ΪЩͷĲˣԵĵܵｫ
˱ǵεｫλȨأʵԸûиκεȨֻҸˡ
ҲûȨÿĸиƽ
ӹúúõģҪô쳤ؾá
ͻȻŴʹˣڣĵطŷϾҲزסˡ
ΪԼȻܹ޾Ļ֣˲е˼
һҲΪͷȨȻϽġ
ΪݣϾǵˣû뵽Ͷ
˵żǧľҶǽһƶʱ򣬴һΪλĵܵΪس㾡ȫء
ǵſڵʱһ£ļǧҶͷӵϣسǵЩʿһҿɱ
Ҫ˵سŵһǧרŰŵģǶǴоѡľ
֮ôΪͻȻĹƳţЩҲֵܵһ󣬺ǰԮ
ЩȷʵװҴƴļҶʱȻһ
ôһʱ䣬ͷϵ׾͵õһȻ֮ͨԴһǧԮ
ǵſڵʱ򣬷ֳſڵһǧؾѾɱĲˣѾʼ׼ˡ
Ͼǳǽʵ̫ߣҳ̫û׼ǧբ
׵ľ˳ţȻ󽫶ųŵЩʯͷȫῪѾʼʿ˨ˡ
Ҳʱ״ϵˡ
һҲˣֱӾԼʿʼҪӶԷ򿪳ŵٶȡ
ͬʱǰȥǽ֮ٴټҪǰԮ
ǵʱǰŵķزԵ©ͳˡ
װʮƽİǽ֮ϣϿÿһǽܹ㹻ַء
ϾʮܳôľϰҪٵܸؾ͵һʱ
ȻһƴҪӶԷĿٶȣȻʱ䲻Ԯûһ߾Ѿ򿪵ĳš
ϾΪԽϾǵĳͻȻˣһϲȻбһ
ô£ѵԷ뽫ԼĴڿȥȻͳ֮ȫΧɱ
Խԥʱ򣬶򿪵ĳһЩǷǳǱȴûֱͣԽˡ
ԽΪԷҪͻԼĹǳлЩ̾ԷӢ¡
òɳԼױǰȥֵסˣʡԼ͡
ǣ֮еսûз
ױͳܿľͲ»صԽǰ֮һŵݵԽǰ
Խһ£ȻӹţϸһȻϲ⡣
ԭǵ㣬ͶϾеЩĻš
ԭͺ磬ЩƴĴ򿪳š
һԽҲˣæЩеԼǰ
ûԽʼʻͷǸ˾ͷԽǰ
˸ϽĽǣĻ׵Ԯ͵ˡ
Խ˵ͷȻԼױ󽫽˹ǧǰȥԮš
ֻ֮ȥǧˣҲһ̽
ȻĻţԽûȫЩˡ
ǧˣֻҪǽ˳ǣס˳ţԷʲôҲܹһʱ̣ʱĴһӵϣԷöԷ͵ʴס


676 Գĳ
ǧļ룬ŵľһη˱仯
Ѿ޷άֶԳŵĽˣֻǲͣĺˣͬʱĵȴԮ
ԽһҲ˳ѾԼƣԷûʲôһǴˣָ̾Լʼһ˶
󷽵Ҳ˳ŵı仯æǰȥ
һ̽
̫ϻʣԵĵܵ˳ţԽѾ˳ţɴǰȥԮ
¶ЦݣЩϾеȨȻûʧ
̾ԼԱߵѦ塣
̴ǰȥԮƳ֮ǽ֮Ϸ𷴹ܹ֮ǰ¸š
֮Ҳȡ˽ѵ
һιǵʱ򣬾˳»ʵ۸ˣһҪˣֲãٳʲô۶ӡ
Ѧ̵֮ȻٵŶȥ
ڰźöǵ֮ɿ֪ͨļֹͣϼӷأӳʲô
ѦĴڳſڵףȷʵǵֵסˣǽزȥˣֻǴŲбܽ˳ڡ
ѦԽ˻֮󣬼򵥵һ£ȻͿʼֹˡ
ڳǽ֮ϵر̫࣬˳ǽ񣬾ͽѦ
չ񣬾Խɡ
˵Ͼǵ·ϤǵС£ΪԻżǧЩȨļҶأЩ˾õ򵼡
ڸЩȨȻսˡ
ǸղŵƴҲǸѼϼܣԮˣΪԼ룬ȻٺЩͷһ
ѦԽֿ֮̾ʹ˳ջǽ֮Ϸ͹
ǳǽϵʿѾ֪˳űƵϢѾû˼ֿˡ
ѦĴһϳͷЩ˾ͷ׷˱ڵ
ЩͶˣѦȻϾɱһ˽Щ˼һս˱
Ҫ˵лЩӲȻ󲿷˶±ͶˣǻЩŸ翹
ЩˣѦͲòԴˡ
ЩȻ˵ƴս֮ģѾһϣѦֻǵֵ˼£ܿľ˱
ѦһߵԮȴԽԽ࣬˺Щֿ˾ͱ׶˳ûˣȵϵʱϾǵгŶѾѦơ
Ȼ˵űˣϾǵսûн
ȻʿڳںԽλս
ΪӵԣҲԼ־˷С
⵹ǶôӢ£֮ôҲȲѡ
ΪڳһƣԾѾ׼Լ־ɱȥˡ
ԵȻЩãϳɱȥ֮ΪյģԵµĴƿ
ƿԱڳʿȽϾ֮⣬Ѿûʲôˡ
ֻһ棬Ե־ͱǱһƿҪӽˡ
ʵûа취ˣֻ¹˳ţص֮С
Ǹոջصżٳһεʱ򣬲õϢͽ
󶼶Ѿȫʧȥϡ
Ȼ˵ȽôҲǿĵ
ȵĹͷԼǸֳˡ
ǼԼе־ټڵ̫࣬Ȼ󼯽˽һʼͳе׻ϡ
㼯һһֻˡ
ƾҪڵôȥǲʵġ
Ժһ£ǴͻΧֻҪǳϾǾͺˡ
ʱͻΧҪһͷģԸȽȻǲʺϵλãҲ͵ʲˡ
Ҫ˵ͻΧĸãԿȻҪţΪֻҪǴŵķܹ£Ȼ󵽸֮мֲûܺڽϾһս
ȴ׸ˡ
£ȻҲ֪ǵĵ̣ԶķһǳܣͶ
˵ô죿ܲɣ
г˵һǴӱ湥ǵıţ뵽ǻӱͻΧ
⻰Щŭһ룬Ҳ˵Ķԡ
˵ҲеǾʹӱ̽ͻΧһ£ҪǳɹȻǺãҪǲٴطߡ
ԾͰѾȨס
Ҳûеʱ䣬Եһ£Ŵ򱱳Ŷȥ
㻹˵һػ׸ˡ
ڵıѾûжˣֻһǧػųţЩܽӳȥ
ǴľЩ˿ɵֵס˺ܿľͱǸɱɢˡ
׺Գ˳ţֻʣ¡
Щŭôˣڲܣʲô
ʲôԺ룬ڻǸϽ뿪Ͼĺá
׵ѣǻˡ
ããϿߣϿߡ
˵仰֮Ծ͵ȴϾ߶ȥ
Ǹո˼أͻȻ֮ǰ̳𣬽ž
Ȼ̳֮оһ졣
ֻɫĴмһ֡
Դˡ
һԺ׿ȫˡ
ǿɲҴӲĴֻȥҪ³һߡ
һشĶǲһ߰
˺ܿǱ㱻׷ˣЩǾͽĲΧڵм䡣
׻ǻڼӲ֮̾סЩΧһԲεΣֵ˷
Ҳάֲ˶೤ʱ䣬ΪĲͣĳ棬ǿûоȷ֮ֻƾʿѪֵ֮ĳ档
ʱѾΪˣǿʼǷܹסԼ
Ҫ˵ȷʵǺݣֻ۾һתһ취ӽͿʼж
ԵǰȻ󽹼˵Σıˡ
ԻΪʲô취ˣǽ˵䣬ʲô߸Ͻ˵
ܿ˿ȻСĶ˵˼Щ鷳·
ԲǱ߿˿״
ʱԵ۽ͻȻһ͸еزһľʹ
Եͷ˿ֻһѸֵѾ嵽ؿڣȴ׵С
ãһ£Ȼ۾֮¶ʡ
ΪΪʲô
ʻ˵£㱻֮Ҳһͷ΢һ·
֮¶Ȼžһεı۾


677 
ɱԣԱԵ׾Щˡ
Ϊ׵һֱ̫ӾͰеĸֱֵ׵Ĳӡ
⺮ݵһţֻ΢һ㿪һ
ͳ˼ٵĹ֡
ž뷢
ЩԱױǣɹļʸȻ˵ƴĻֵ򣬵ܹסܿľͱ˴⬡
Щױնݳ֮ײһ
ЩʿǣҲм䷢顣
ЩڿԱɱ֮ҲʼˣеıЩ
һ¿ɱΧҵ©ӣֻһڴǰͱ忪һӡ
ʱ뵲סЩĻԼǰԴ͵ǰҲ˶á
ˣ׻ӶԼױӣ֮ź͵ǰȥ
ƾɲľͷǰ忪ĿӸº£ˡ
վԶһֱۿŶεüû뵽һɲбܽȻԡ
ҪٴȥԼȻܰȫˣԼµ⼸ҲʧС
ִһͣҲֻǴȥݻ
ŴӪԮʱƾŹֵҲܰЩ˺
һ߽һʱǲõвˡ
ô͸ÿôͶˡ
Ȼ˵ԼѾȡԵԴԼϾǵʱ򣬿Ǹһ˷ǳ鷳ҪǲܲɱԼԼû˵ȥ
ˣһԵͷ­һԼɽӣ۾ǵתӿʼת
֮¶һ˿΢Ц
Լױһ߸ߵİ죬֮ҲûɱˣԼ߳˴֮󣬱Դһ
ڵȺԮأͻȻױҴҵܵǰ
£˰죬Ӵ֮߳˼ˡ
һ۾ˣִԶơ
ȻһʿһںĶ߻żױһİ죬һ
һƾˣ֪ӲˣԴŰԼͶˡ
Щ˻Ǻʶʱ
սҲܵģһһҪѧרţҪɣԼɱݣǿɾ鷳ˡ
ԱԼױʹ˸ɫ
Щ˺úòһ飬ʲôеĶ֮쵽ǰ
ױķԸҵ֮ʮ˴Ҵææܵǰ
ױʱҪ
ҲΪ˱ס漸˵ĻǾôײӭǵӦþĹˡ
ߵ˹֮ڣȻһļʸûųĳһ
ѾԼˣԼǱסˡ
֮ôģüСѲЩСҪǲܲ˸ԼԼͻᱻͼ档
ȵǰʮʱǸױǰһǺ˲ǰĻź򡣡
⻰ϽͣסŲȻ󺰵ҵ̫ϻ뽵ģλүͨһ
ǸʿûаĻһ£ǴŶʮǰŵΧм䡣
֮ǾͿʼ
׾ѾԤϵˣһߵʱǴδ
ʹǸʿҲûзɣǵķȫңǵͷҲһ顣
ʹЩ˻ģҪǰѹ·
ҪһȨ裬Ҳӵġ
ĻʹǱסҲüߡ
ײһСӳΪʲô¶ܸɵóֻһ£󷽷İ·⿪Щʿǰһ顣
ǸױҲûΪףǴһ˴˴˴һ̨֮ǰ
͵飬ֻ̨ǽ䱸ɭϣʿڼףԵɱڡ
׿Щоһ⡣
ôҲǵ˧ˣʿĻܹġ
ǰЩСϷĴ֮УÿһٶӦǰٷ򳤼ġ
⼸ǧˣȴǫ̈̄ϵλױ
ڶԼͶľôӢΪƾ⼸ǧˣʹȫûˣҲܹڼ֮ڻָԪ
˼ʱͻȻ̨֮ϴһۺ
ɡ
ŴӸ̨ϾһױȻ˳˸̨
۽ǵ⣬мһλ۵ˡ
ҵϽ˫ϥڵأȻںꡣ
꣬꣬ﳼͶ٣ˡ
м㣬һ˾¡
ǷϾǵĴ󶼶ף
ﳼ
۾۽һ˿⣬ܿľռǴһ˿΢Ц
ԣͶ𣿡
꣬ԣ̲˴ʱŶԿﳼ޿̣ѾնףԵ׼ڴˡ
˵֮׾ͰԼһֱԵǸ߸ߵϹͷ
б۸ԼԵ̫࣬һɫ
С̫ϽǰǸ˹֮Сǰ潫򿪡
ͷһйȻһ죬Ŀͷ­
ûԣɷֲͷ­ǲһġ
վԼһԵ̫ķԸ份
̫ӦһϽ˸̨Ӫȥ
εȴʱź۾ѹ±ߵ׸ˡ
֪ǸԼأҲҶʵʵĹ
ܿ죬ߵױ
ɡԸ
һ߾߽һԱ뷢԰׵Ͻ
ԱϽˣͶ˵䡣
˸̨ʾ֮ŸվʱŸ۾һ¸̨ϵ龰
ǿ̨ԵһʿĿЩ졣
۾鵽һ̫ŵİϡ
ϵͷǳϤԡ
û뵽λӺݻԣھȻһͷ͵ǰ
ֻ΢ĸ̾һ£ʰԹԵվһԵԸ
䣬±߹ŵʶ
Ͻ±ϸۿ
ǸŵҲ̧ͷʾһ£Ȼ¶һֺõı顣
ϸĹƣʶϤԵĻ֮һס
ϾʱֻһóĻţλλȨصĴ󽫾Ͳһȼģ˫ҲǼ棬ֻһͷ֮


678 ն
ϳ֮תм㣬ٴαȭ֡
£ʶϾԵĻţֽס
ϱߵ˵ͷȻָָǸ̫౧ŵͷ˵
ͷ׽ģ˵ԵģҲʶԣ㿴һ˵ǲԡ
ղžѾϳͷԣٴοڣҲҶ˵ʲôǰȥͷϸһ¡
֮תͷ˵£ͷԵġ
΢΢ЦЦ˵ͷ֮󣬻ӻվһԡ
ףȻԭеֿ֮һԵͷҲǽҪʲô˵
ɣһһԼǱסˡ
£ﳼֿܹĹﳼѾĸﻹҪʲôʹ͡
΢΢ĵ˵ͷ±߱΢ף۽ǶЦݡ
Ͽ˷ǳͣȴһƬı䡣
ףȻܹ֪֣֮Ҳһ
ҪԼյΨεĻҲǲç֮
Ҫɱ˸ոͶ׼ҪȥԼƽϷǳĲ
ֻʱţȵ̫ƽʱٳ١
뵽֮Ǽģվƹ鰸׵ԣ԰
׼Ǵһǰ̣ӽԺʱҵԵһĻţȵԺйٷͲ١
Ļϲ⡣
Ȼûиֹ٣ֻԼԵһĻţȨơ
ʲôˣǴγ̫ϻʣδܳһʱµִߡ
£˵ǽˮ¥̨ȵ£ʱпܱίΡ
ɱԼһСǿˡ
̹ڵأۺᣬͣĸͷ
£ﳼֵ¾ȻܹĹҵ£ﳼûʲô˵ģӽԺϹᣬѡ
ĵ˵ͷȻ»ص鰸϶±ߵʵ
ϾѾƣϵô
Ǵãڳ֮ǰѹեǻۣΪԼ¡
׸û뵽ѾɱģΪڿ
վ۾ͣתҲʼ˼
һ¶һ˿Ц֮ϱȭ˵
£ǽΪʵӴһѾףôӦǲʲôֿˡ
˵ͷϲûʲôı顣
͵ۿһۣ֪ⷬ⣬ǸϽĽ˵
Ȼǲòģô鷳ľļˡ
վԱߣ˵ϲףоһɵ
ɲҰֳ
°ҲǺõģվʵ
ļȻʧ٣»Щټ˿ڶ࣬ҪһΧˣҪʱǳӴ󡣡
׿Լ鷳оһջ
֪ΪʲôԼԸȴΪȻ
ʲôʸվڵµߵң㻹ǿųʮ˽ĵλҺǰ˭Ҳ˵˭
ϱ߻أɲʱײ䣬΢΢Цһ£ȻװƵض˵
ϽҲڽͳʮˣЩӵĹɣ±˭˽⡣
ϱߵתһ£ʱڽ赲ԼʱҲмʮЩɲһ˳ģǽϵĸ·һġ
Щɶǵľ
ôЩ׵˼
ߺߣ㹰˹ֽ˵ֻҪǱ´󿪷֮ţЩ²ʿСİ٣֮Ϊǰ棬ʱЩ֮Ȼǳͨ裬ŷ
ȴЩΪȻ
ǰЩ²ǰ棬ҲֻܶһЩڻңѵЩĹ彫Ǿܹ±ɣ
ҲɫٽԼĻһԶ˳
ڽĻ̻̣˸ֵµЩȨѾ·ˡ
ЩʿǣڽҲǱˣǰȥĻЩسǵĽ죬һЩӵ˶ԴΪڿͶ
֮ԻΪЩʿǰȥǣԱ籾ӣҲЩȨǰµһ˵
ЩΪȻ׵ǸսϵƱ仯Щ뵱Ȼˡ
㲢ûзףǱֵķǳͲͣĵͷ
Լ鰸˵˼Ӫûʲôִˣô㵣βξ顣
֮ôҲԭ
һԭǣǱʿڽϵηǳ˽⣬ȥԼµЩϴȥгɹĿܡʱԼ£ҲܼһЩҪ谭
ڶԭǣıĳɹˣһ´󹦣ʱĹͿҪЩƴƴĴ󽫡
Ǹʱ׾ԼĳϱˣҪʱԼɱֵµЩҲΪ顣
Բ֪뷨ΪǸأ˼Ĳ
ͰװԼľС
ϾʱӪկһֱȵ֮Ͼǲƽ˴ʱڽһ㣬Ͼִ֡
ҡڵڽĴӵ֮½Ͼǡ
˳Ͼǵһֱǰ
Ѿǽ䱸ɭϣߵĹŮ̫඼ѾǰĹ㳡ϣ͵λǰء
ҲЩ־˲þЩ
ı֮ϣԾľһ˿µơ
ҲʱͻȻ֮յ֮нһ˿֮һ硣
ڴϵ˲ûиоȴĸоԼ֮ϷǱιĵطͺǵƬһ
Ѿǿ˹
ҲԼǡ֡١
Ҫ˵⡰֡ҲǾһЩ˽ġ
ն޵֮˹дﵽ£б޳գʲôһǬ
ʱ¿飬֮е֮Ĺ򻯳ɡ֡
⡰֡һ죬һ˲ܱ鲼ȫ磬޵߾ǶʲôطҲᱻ֡
ڵѾԵ˳ն֮ڷֽ١
Ҫ޵ߣҲĿ顣
ȲȻȹ˾ͻɵľһ


679 ɷ
ʱڴϵѾվվˡ
ΣյĽ٣Ҳѹˣ֪ҪԼٲ취°ĽվԼļɳ
Ҳ˲õ˵¶ˣֻһѾͰԼϵ۸ȥˡ
±ߵ󳼽ӵӶѾЩɵˡ
̫ϻǷʲôȻڴ֮ͥ·
ҲʱоͷһȻ;һӰ֮ڣҪ˳žι塣
ʱ͵¡
žڱ֮Ͽ񴥶ԺеǷصķ䡣
Ϳʼ͵ֻһĹͳ˺ʹһĸ¡
ʱеЩǣѾŵƨкѾһܳ˴⡣
ʱڴе㷨صͨѾһʩչֻҡͱˣ͵ľ
ֻһһٵţûһ̵ĹѾǧɸ¡
ԭղٷֵʱ򣬾Ѿ취áԪȹη֡
˰ľģ֮еλԪȻûиκεķ
ôһĹڵķѾӵˣġضš룬Ҫ
Σʱֻ̣ʩչԼΪǿͨҪֿͨ֡
㣬ȫʩչء
㻹̫ˣȻͣΧԵǷֲûֹͣĳ󣬷Ҳøӵǿ
Ǿ
ʵ벻ףһֱԼλһΪʲôˣ
̾˿һֻʼٵάȻʼͶ޾γȣϵķ
ո뿪λ棬ͷλһϡ
Ӱȴ꣬Ҳ޷ά
ҪεĿλ档
ͬʱҲԼΪʲôٻԪҲϸĹ
ٱԹЩҲûʲôˡ
ңеһ˽ɽ׵һߣ񳹵׵ĳȥ
ȫţķصͨȻ˳ԭȵĹڲͣʩչ
ֻգۼĹѾɸ¡
ʱͨǴﵽ˼ޡ
ʱȴоȻ˿־ͺ£ǰδеĻ֮С
⵹û˶ĸоڵĸоӵˡ
Ƿֹι壬Сһͣи塣
һʹͣĴԺ֮С
ҪǷѾͨضš뵽ŹϣҲʼ
һУѾû˺µĸоֻôĵʹ࣬ԼϾҪ֮С
Щ󳼶ԶԶģбѾ㣬ھȻʼһĽ֮ɢҪɢ޾֮С
Ψһһõˣüͷͽ
ΪǵĽ֮УԼɢ֮١
üܿüͷչ¶һ˿޵Цݡ
̫ϻͨ󣬼һ֮ѹ硣
ЩɣҲò֮£ĴγЭ飬Ӵγ
Ȼ˵Ҳõγ˵ԴԴ֧֣Щʿ˵Ҳһ
ɽٲɣôЩ˵Ҳһ¡
ȻԵԵʣЩɲܹγ
ǻ˵ˣû㣬Щɣֿվ۷壬γ˵ֻΪǵĿܡ
еô̶̵ĹѾøӵۿֻҪһٴιιȫʧˡ
ʱԺеǷصķ䣬Ѿ͸翵¶˳
֮ϻһĽɫĹââꡣ
µ֣оصϵͻȻý
һĹͻȻǰܶڵ˵ѾϹûʲô
ʱʲô
أ׼ҲҲǱضȱϢУȻһһ١һһʩ֮졣
ⷨصͨԭֻԼĳļԼСģС
һ뷨Ƿصķ˸ӦֻͻȻıð֮ǷϵĽͻһҺ壬ʼꡣ
ҺĽ룬оصӵ͸ˡ
ľͿʼԼﵱʼģת
ʱѾֻʣһƵ壬ҲʼµıѾǰֳ򣬿ʼһһ塣
ʱڵǷ֣Ȼʼ´Ѿ֮ڵĹ򣬱Ӱϵһ𣬽Ĺ̶֮ڡ
ʱѾ壬Ҳʼ
ʱΧľȴԭȲͬ
ԭȣʩչصʱһɹܼͣԶԶһ֪һλͨ
ȻûмСǼѾȫĲˣ̫ߴǻΪһͨء
±һֱעһеãȴЩá
ԭͨԼķѾͬʱпһɵĮ
Į۹⣬һļƤ
⵹۹ʲôøо۾֮оԵƽƽֵ֮ŵС
оôأͺһ࿴ڵϡֻȥɨһۣκε
ʱе忪ʼֻǼĹվǲƵĴ֮С
ڵ˼һη˱仯
ڵһζȹٵʱоԼ˼ıõĮκε඼һЩ롣
һ㿴ܻ£󳼣ֻоһľƽͺһʯͷһ
һϾͷһ˿ı仯һɹɵע뵽֮ڡ
ԶҲԷı仯ԭȵʱǺǸһ硣
»ص֮У˿Եôԡ硣


680 δ
˴ʱЩŸǰȥѯ
ʱվѾɷĴ֮ϣ¿˿Щ󳼡
ûʲô飬һЩϵ⣬Ѿˣǲصġ
λĻһ
ĹؼʱҪʲô⣬ôܻṦһ񣬵ʱƽϿɾˡ
ˣûʲô¶ˣǻȥ԰پӣ֮֮¡
ЩĻԹֱȭȻ֮󣬱뿪ˡ
ȵЩȫ˳ȥ֮ϵϢٴη˱仯˾һοʼú
һֱźǸС̫࣬ڸͲҿԡ
Ҳûˣһ䣬תȥ˺󹬡
һƧӣ֮˶˳ȥֻʣһϥڴϣڤ˼롣
ԭ𿴶ȹ˷֣оǾֺܿͻᵽ
ԼϵʱѾˣӦóʱƽ£ΪԼĶһȵĽɽ
ӽļ죬һֱں󹬣ĶҲûȥ
ǰԼոնȹ֣Щ𵴵ķƽȥ
ȵ֮һһƫټλ󽫿ʼô¡
Ҫ˵ѾϷΪĳУҿ˵ϷĲ֡
ȻϷмǻ˵ˣվĵطǱȽƫƧģƸʮֹ㷺
ļʮΧҲ޷֯ʲôֿˡ
Ҳֻʱ䣬ͳһµĲ
֮ôҲϴ䣬ֻҪʱڷʲôңҲǾܹŹΣյʱ
µҲһ㣬Ϊ֪Լʱ䲻ˣɲ̯ܰԼĶӡ
ڱ֮ϣ˿±һĬĴǣüͷ塣
ЩһսսҪ˵սϣȴһ⺺
ҲãʡЩԼ֮ʲôе˼
뵽֮΢¶һ˿΢Цתͷڿ±ߵʱüͷһ¡
ԭվ±һֻĬĹƾȻվ˳
£Ϸʧ˼ʮʹܹļѵҲûж೤ʱ䣬΢ΪӦ÷ֱ·ԹӦúܿľܴǵĲȻƽϷ
ֻ֮ǵ˵ͷ˻֣»صڡ
֮Ավŵʵ䣬ղŹƵĻˣʲô˵ģ
üͷ֮վϹ֡
֮ϱԴ˼£ϱضƽ
һͷ˼һ£֮±߷Ըʹôͷֱ·
˵±߿˿һֻ±ߵ˵
Խ
Խ㺰֣վȭ֡
Ϊ·ͳ˧ʮȡ
Խ֮Ͻ˵ĩ֮ضϹᣬѡ
ĬĬĵһͷȻŷԸȥ¹ش󣬿һ޷ΣɵԣʲôǶ˹ͬ顣
֮Ͻ㹰֣ǽˡ
ԽķԸûиоʲôһģϾһ·ȷʵǶıɵԼԣҲԼӡ
ȴûпȻһۣ۹֮дӡ
ԭղһԸӾת˼Ȧ
ԽĸһҲһˣӦø㹻ΣھȻԼɵԽԡ
˵Ǹξ˹ͬ¡ʵԼԽѽ
⵽Ϊʲôء
һʱ벻ףȻ˼ͰԼıְ齻ľˡ
һ֧˿±ߵȻ˵

ĩڡ
Ϊ·ͳ˧ͳʮֱϷϱ߾Ϊֹ
ĩ
ԸѵµĴ󽫶ЩԺˡ
ɲĵϵֻڵ̫Ƶˡ
»ǿˣ㾹ȻûЩˣͳ˧±ߵЩ벻ס
ֻ֮ǲΪҪһȵԼ֮ҲץȡһЩȨһЩ֧š
һƵҲᱻЩ󽫸ѹס
һȻȴ󽫵֧֣ǳеʵƫĵϵҲûȫʧ⣬⽫ԼĶҪִƴȨҲǱȽ׵ġ
ֿ˿վ±ߵĹơ
ƺڣ
ĩڡ
Ϊ·ͳ˧ʮϾ£غ
꣬ķԸϲ¶Цݡ
Լᣬ˺óʱˣܹͳһˡ
ǰȥӹȻĻϲ˵һԣȴûп㣬۹øӵɭ
Ʋ̣Щıԣ˵ʵԽЩҪǿࡣ
ھȴƣΪ̫ˣ㲻˾ܲ
ǰʱ仹࣬ȻǶûжٹ˼ɣۿԼҪˣȵԼˣֲýƻ涷ˡ
ȻôɴҪˡ
ƺôҲһЩͣһֱаؼԼ治ΪһʱĻɾɱ
Ҫһɣơ
һ·ͳ˧һ̽
ҪǹƾܲҲ㵱ʱˣʮ֮󣬽ȥְ
һҲǱסƾЩʹͣҲܵһ̡
ھȻûԼ˼ʮһôûл·ˡ
ƽϷȻǲ䣬֮ġ
ǸʱϾȫ֣֮ĴʼΧˣܿľܽȫؼ
Լ˼Сıֻɣһ̰Ҫ
һǣ֮˰̣ô͸ˣһ˧¹һЩûзĵطȻ۽ȻҲĲ
ôһҲûл·ˡ
վ±һֱûп˵ףʱ۾һ˿⣬бۿ˿վǴ΢ЦɷĹơ
ֻ۾תһ£Ȼ¶΢Ц֮ǰһڵأϱߵ˵
꣬΢ϷϷĵǳϤ΢¶׼΢ƽ£ҲΪ³
֮ؿһۣ۾ֱתһѾԼ˼
ҲãһӵƵԣҲǶһ飬ҪһܹԼ˴󹦣ʱ֮͢ҲԸλá


681 ƻϲϱ仯
á
ϴЦݣڱ˿׵һԶӧǳ⡣
Ȼˣ͵Ƶľеβξ
лꡣ
˵֮˻˰ڣٴεͷ
ƶְҲûзϡ
׵ĵλ̫ΣܹôĸԼ£ҲΪЩͣԼܹµĳ֮͢Щ֮ء
ֿʼż·ж·ߣԼá
Ҫ֪ôȥʮЩҪݿǺȥˡ
˶ҪǰĲá
ãڵֿѾˡ
Ҫǵԣ˺û
Ϊ˵ֿýʱ䣬ƴĵѹʳ
Ͼǿ⸮֮УǶѻɽ
ټ䣬ְаѴʳڵʳ֧һս
ΪҲپ͵ߵȴ󷽵ʳˡ
֮·֮󣬸Դܹʹµݣʼ·϶ȥ
ֻ֮ǴµݣϾݲãֻȴ̣֮֮ѼݣѸٵ͵С
ʵڹܿЩ
ֻҪЩһз⣬һ̾ܶǵá
Ҳ֪ЩûпǴװͿ˶ְţǲûκεķԡ
Ҫ˵·Ϊɵģ·;ԶԽһߡ
ΪųЩռ˴ĴֻܹϾͷ˴Ȼһ·ֱ
·Ĺ·;ЩҲࡣ
·ȴΪģȻϷһ·ȴҪɽԽ롣
㷨ҪɴﵽԼĿģûаʱɲ˵ġ
⻹Ҫһ·ϵֿôǵֿǿҵĻҲܹǰʮҪǵֿǿҵĻǿһرˡ
żʮ뿪Ͼһһƽ֮УԭȵսҲԶȥ
ҪϷල·ܻصȥгס
ѽһּϳԺȲٻ󣬾ͻһЩе뷨
Ȼ˵Ѿȹֻ֣Ҫڶȹ׽٣ܹɾɡ
˵һˣûгɣڻһ˿
Ȼ˵ԼѹƵĺܺãǼܲס±ߵ˿ʼҪͽ㡣
ֻǸոʮ죬±ߵĹԱʼ㾴׽ϵŮ
տʼʱ㻹ϴʾܾģϾΪԼϾҪˣûбҪմȾ˼
ʱƣ±߽ŮԽԽãһλаĽƻҪƯһЩ
ټį㲻ľͷԼ˼еλŮеԼԣ̷Լӡ
Ҫ˵ŮӳȷʵɫĻҲܰס
ôУһֱ˽µʱ䡣
һְ˰ļ˳
ʲô
ԭ·ΪңԶҲߵΪԽһ߳¶ˡ
һ·Խǳ˳ģΪҪ;棬ֻҪڴϴžˡ
˲ɵԽͷ˾裬ʼ˲õϰߡ
ԭԽϲƣڴӪ֮УĴڣһֱѹԼȺá
һԵͳȻûԼˣһ·ҹҹơ
տʼʱȰ䣬Խ˭£εǽ˳ȥ
ҲˣɴͲˣ˸۶ԽƵʱ򣬱ͨﵩִ֣ôûгʲô
ҲԽùһ֮ûȣ·ڴͷϴһ硣
ΪԼͳĴǿ׳һС磬ȥ˯һڶû¶ˡ
ǣڵڶ糿ױԽ𴲣ҵԽĲշûϢ
ʵûа취ˣ׳ŵӽԽĲշȥһŵǵ˸ƨն
ԭڵñ죬Ѿյòʡˡ
СϽȥҴľҽһҲŵòᣬͳ󽫳飬ҪǳСҽɵ
λҽһߵĸԽΣһԼĸָϽȥ֪ͨξ
ȵʱӳǸҽԽĴǰֱתȦš
˼ˣҽԽĲ޲ߡ
ϽԽĴǰĶͷһԼҲŵòᡣ
ڿô죿ûȫǰǰ
а취ֻǴʱͣסȻǿй˸һСسǣ֮ʼس֮ҽ
ЩҽľҽأĹԽûκεĺתǲӵĳ
ɲٵˣǸæɰ˰ӼϾ㴫Ϣ
ڽӵ౨֮Ҳòᡣ
ԽԼԵʱûëѽսҲСĽôһεɾȻĲ
Ȼ̯ӻȥʰ
תתԼµĴ󽫣ĸܹԽ
ȥֻѦܹδˡ
Ͻдһ飬֮С̫ǰȥ
ϾҪݵС̫еĽͷͣסˡ
ӷɿתţ۾гһ졣
ջ֮ϣ۾ʼһ˼
ڵʱ򣬱ڸаЪѦ壬ͻȻӵС̫Ĵ˵̫ϻ̽
Ѧ岻ҵæĴһ·ȻС̫
ǽƫֱֻ֮һ˶Ȼûһź
㿴߽Ѧ壬¶һ˿Ц֮վѦļ
ˣ޺õȡ
ʱѦŸи񣬿׼䣬ûеڣͻȻ̧֣վѦԱߵС̫һơ
һĳðһ˿ŽĻ档
С̫໹ûüһڻ֮л˻ҽ
Ѧ龰ŵɫͨһڵأĿͷ
ϽǰȻ˵
غ¡
˵֮ѦĶֹˣ˵һ󻰡
Ѧ֮ҲʼԭµĲ԰׵Ҳʼ˺Ρ
㱧ȭ֮󣬼ᶨ˵·ģˡ
֮Ƿģִ鰸ùһʥּС
ⶫţʱ֮衣
Ѧ弱æ˫ѹʥּ֮󣬸ϽıԼĻС
Ѧĵ뿪˻ʹǴûһ
ڶ죬ƫӼ֮󣬵ԽزѾ޷ٵͳ˧
Ϊ˴ܹѸƽòԸִ֡
µҲʵûа취Ͼ֡
ǼʹҲҪԳѽֵµЩɳһܹԽλá
±ߵЩ˾ͿʼȰɡ
һһͲЩǵ
ͽϾصְøѦ壬֮װأżٸױ˿촬׷ԽĴȥˡ


682 ½
㾭İ棬֮С
һӪһϢ͵ǰ
㿴ŹԼǰǸСϵĺԽԽء
ԭʱ䣬Խ뿪
ȭͷ̲סҪѸԼϢСڵأסˣһȻޱӪȥ
ȵӪмһʣξѾȺʱˡ
һ߹ǰһڵء
΢ߵ̫ϻʣ꣬ꡣ
վﲢûڳվɫʵ
Խʲôʱڵģ
үʱ򡣡
ʲô𣿡
֮ϽĴͲȡһ֮˫ϵǰ
ԱߵһС̫Ͻǰȥӹ֮˫ǰ
ӹһȦЩˡ
ԭһۣ㽻µİš
ԽȻ˵սʮ־ӣĺլȴһͿ
ʮֵĳңҲЩ裬֮⣬С檡
谮ģǸոΪһӵ
ʱԽԼλ̫̫ᱻ۸ϣԼСһţȻ·ּңǰȥԼӡ
̾˿ȻôΥ񷨣ǶĹҳҪ㻹ǲܾܾġ
ּ⣬ԽľλճӼ̳УԽۣҷ⿪СӷΪ
˵仰ԵС̫࣬Ͻһ֣̾͹˷һСӣС̫ˢˢ㣬Ͱʥּд͡
дʥּ֮С̫˫ǰڵأʥּչĿ
һ£ûʲôŵ˵ͷԱһ̫Ͻǰıӡʥּ֮ϡ
һ֮Ĵ½˴ʣ˿Խݡ
ٴڸһϺõĹײģ֮ϸĽԽУȻ˳ͻϾ
ȵԱ󽫵ĺ֮йʼٴ
ãʱĻھӪ֮򣬴ûʲôֻʿЩܴ졣
Ͼߵһϣ˧ȻˣʲôʱǶԾӪʿһδĴܡ
ԵС¹
ָӴ˳ϣ˳ͷߡ
Ѿú˴רǰ
㻹Ϊᷢһδˮսأͷʱŷûˮפ
ʵҲŰһֻˮڳ֮Ͻһս
ڲԭȻ෽Ŭˮûг͡
Ҳûеˮǰˡ
ʹҲڰ߲ľҪ赲Ĵ
ľҲѾļҵˡ
ĵǻһЩļʿǶʮ֮ⰲӪ
֮Բǵںսʱ󵹸꣬󲻵ﲻæԼĴˡ
ھ͵սϣִ򰶱߹ƣѾľդ
֮ȴû׼ٵͶʯֻļʮ߾
ˡ
ȻЩԼսҲһЩΣգˮսУʱҪĻҪͶʯͶľʯݻս
ֻ΢΢һЦȻԵ˼䣬Ͻ󣬲һսϾͿʼͣĻɫĲ졣
Щɲģܵս
žʮҴ󴬣ԽսǰһſȻս֮ϾмʮͶʯ򰶱Ͷʯ
ߵʿ龰Ҳʼ
һܹģҲֻǼʮ߾ˡ
Щ£һ飬Ŵġ
˵Զټ³ʪЩ󱣴Ĳá
ϣԭȺõʱҪࡣ
ЩڵǰĴ󴬴ϵʱѾǿ֮ĩܴˡ
һߵͶʯû鷳ʮֵȥһߵЩҲѾʧǰߵЩդҲƻ˲ˡ
龰ٴλսַСսЩСÿһϱ߶صļʮϰʿ
Ͷʯ͹ڻ£ЩСϵʿܿľڰռһ̡
ʱӪķһ̨̨վһλ۵꽫
˲ˣǴء
ԭǴܳصܱ
ڴܳҵʱ򣬸
ȻռأطĲȷʵǲһЩȻռ츮֮ǵطȴһƬҡ
⵹ҲǣֵûˣЩոãټԼߵˣزûʲôչ㡣
ǰһʱΪ֧ԮЩϱࡣ
ڳϣĳЩ鵽¡
ʮУмǧأЩһ·ϸָ·鿴ˮģ˲ٵĹ͡
üͷŲͣǰĲӣЩջ
תͷԼԵһŽ׵˵϶ڵõĵطˣ챾ЩӸҸϻˮȥ
⻰ӾͶһ£Ȼ԰׵Ŀ˿վء
ļᶨԼҪǲȥصֻܷεһһŲ˸̨
ȵ±ߣεĵԼµǧ
ȱǧѾƴ޵ĽˣҲ˵صһơ
˴ֻӴ˹һ߶ѾռһƬطľӷ棬ϣܹ͡
ոսӽͻȻ֮ڴڵһڹ⣬Щڹ֮з
ЩԵģÿٻĹ
ѾóʱûжˣһҪ̲½ҪǲЩ֣ʿ˲ء
ٻ˼ǧĹһĺں
ȷһֱںӣǲ붯õģǿԼͻȻ
û뵽ؾȻôһʱ赲סŲò
ЩȻ˵̫֮סˣǱϾͨĹﲻͬǿÿһЩµġ
Ȼһ̫յĻʹ̣ȻҧгݵЩ۶Ʈ˹ȥ
Ǳһֵ߳ǸˣͻȻǰһצеһ硣
ֵܹģ
Ҳ룬̾ͲתͷԼױ˴ӡ
һܣ̾ñЩϡĶӵĻ
ЩʿһͷĶˣǴʲôһתͷҲЩ棬ϣܹϽ


683 뽵
ڸ̨֮ϣԼȻûк͵棬Ϳʼˣҧгݡ
Ǹ׵ˣں޲ǧС
Ҫ˵Щݹϵ
ҵһĸ硣
ƽʱԼǰǿ̸Լ˵ǣУ¾ޡ
һʱһ涼ûоˡ
˲Ҫ㵹ǸҰһӰѽôֵǧܶӡ
ӣһߵĴӵĵֵסˣֻʮӵʱ䣬ǰߵĴͿʼӡ
һرҲסˣҪڸ̨Ͽ֣û೤ʱͻᱻ˰͵ǰ
Ͻ˸̨֮Լױȥ
һﻹЩǵģܵ·ϾԼױԼĴˣ·Ҳͨʿģ
ôӵȺôһ죬㻹淢ֲˣҪҵء
һ˳׷ȵӳȥһٶɫѾ¿ʼʱŲòͣ½Ų£б
ôһ飬ǲ޳
ľܹ£Ҳֻаǧˡ
֮ǽʮ±ܹ£Ŀֻһǧˡ
ɽĻᶼûˡ
ؿһ£ڰǰֻ·һǻسɶȥʱÿռ任ȡʱ䣬Ҳһڳɶһս
һڸϵ죬ƾǵĵҪҲֵܹסĽ
룬취ûа취ס㡣
ʲôˣһ·ս޲ˣս޲ʤ
ƾССĵ̣ȫ۵
һ£ȻǴ򲻹ôɴͶˡ
㻹Щ֮ģԼȫ֮齵ΪԼҲɱԼֲûԼһ֮
뵽֮ص˼ҲʼһλԾҪܹסٻ󣬱һҲûʲô
ԽԼ뷨ԽȷѾ¶ġ
֮ǿӱֱ졣
ʱŵةȻѾſӭˡ
زûǵ˵ͷʹŽǣ֮̾ڡ
ȻһĪ
ǰʱؿǶмӣôһ
ʵ֪ʵȻвˡ
ȻغŴѡġ
ǰʱͶضг⣬Ϊ˵طȶıƢͰȻʮ˰ˡ
ѾͶˣȻٸȻɫΪûҪˡ
ȻûȻɫǿȻȴòڡ
ʱڴ֮ϣ±Ѿվ߰Ա󽫡
Щǿûȥʱ緢ˡ
Щһͷɥб
Ȼʣ֪Ǵ˰̡
ڱ֮ϣ±ߵĴ󽫿˿һ۾ͿǸŽ׵ˡ
һ̲УܵһףȻԼ׷ӳ
ĺҲ͵Ϊֹˡ
ѽǮ£Ƴȥзʬ
һ£±̾ͳ˼δ󺺣֮סǮߡ
ǮҲˣҪǱϳȥһ
õķһ
֮һŭҪһӣֲһܰ㵲ڰأֻͶˣǸã֪˭Ĵϡ
ؿһۣ»Ӷӡ
Щ󺺼صʾ⣬Ҳٶԣͳ˴á
һ߾һױһľصǰ
ؿľϵͷһۣǳһ
֮һ֣ױ¡
Σ±ߵʵ
Ҿܣʲô취
ôҲһһ뷨
ķӦȴͷһưˮµѹ
±ߵЩһͷ͵ؿˣûһ˸̧ͷһۡ
ˣЩѾûսģʵʵͶĺãĻֲãԼͻһЩ󽫸㡣
һȻɫƽĶ±ߵ˵
ڣоǿʤҾԵֿ˱Ų齵ĺãΪΣ
µڽ仰һ̧ͷ۾зų˾ϲ
ةȻȴü
û뵽ǿӲأڹϾȻŵֿǿУͶ
Ҳá
һеЩʿǣͲΪսʧƸˡ
˿Ȼϳʾͬ
ãһҲͿ̿
ûĵ˿ȻһۣǵС˼ǿ
ԼϾҪͶˣЩԼҲûҪˣܰɡ
ΪأǷǳеĴǶôѲ
Ǿһµʱһױ˽
²ãоѾ˳¡
һüû뵽ô죬ԼոսǻûϢأԷ׷Ѿˡ
Ҳã糬ͶĽԼˣҲʡЩĵ
ص
ȻΪʹߣűԼţǰγӪ֮У̫ϻʱ³ԸͶ
ǿȻ֮Ͼһ¡
ô󽫣ôѡԼͷˣ
ȥ˾ͽҪǶԷŭˣԼɱˣҲԼͷ
ȻľҪƴ¡
Ǹոյһ̧ͷͿзųĺ⡣
һ¿ȻˣصʱԼһ˲ٰӣһѾҪͶˣûҪԼίˣԼǰоӪУǸԼСЬѽ
ûа취Ϊ˲Ĺͷ˺ƤҪԼֻǴˡ
˵Ĵ֮еȷĴѧڽӵȻĽ֮Ǵһ
Ϊ»һսû뵽Լ߸ոյԷĽѾ͹ˡ
ʱѿȻԼӪУ֮ɿߵ㴫š
ڽӵ֮ϲ⣬û뵽һػô˳
ֻڵ½ʱһԷȻֱͶˡ
æֻżǧױӱޣڰʱѾϵѧĴ֮С
ѧȻԳӪӭ㣬֮󣬾оʡ
ȵ֮ѧŰѿȻǷݽݵǰ
ȲĴ򿪡
ݽ֮˵ĻǺҪǱԼֿأ;֪ķϣһ·Ըȫ֮
ݽ˺óһʱ䣬ûκεı飬üͷ
زûеɽˮĵزֻǺԼһսЩС죬ôϾͶˣл᲻թ


684 ƽ
˶Էթ뷨֮󣬾Щ岻ˡ
ڴ֮ת˼Ȧ۾¶ļһȻ
ڵڶ糿ڴ֮ټڽ
ڽ֮һ
ʹߡ
һ£ܿĿȻͱ˴֮С
ȻʣϹƣֻϱһϵˡ
֪⾹ȻǴγ̫ϻˣǲҵ˫ϥ򵹡
ﳼȻߵ£ꡣ
˵ͷ̧̧֮
ػɡ
ȻŸսսվ֮վףʻ
㶶˶еǷݽȻʵͶǸˣթ
ȻеĻɣԼҲһһ£ҲԹ㡣
ϽĽ͵£һδսҷʧʿѾûսģ齵¡
˵ͷ֮˵ȻˣȥǰҴӪ֮ͶʱҶȻٻ󡣡
˵仰ֿ֮˿±ߵǸȻ֮Ц˵
أһҪЩص˲ţ㾡ܰġ
Ȼһ裬ðΪԼ¡
ȻȻڵģɵĳŵ֮ϲ
ʶУΪвܵģ¾ֻԼˡ
̫ϻô˵ȻԺҪԼ
ǿȻǶһҪһӶû˵ķֺûһԶ׳ȥˡ
΢Ц۾΢΢ıţǶԿȻķУʮֵܡ
Ȼ磬ſȻһٷŴȥ
һؿȻ»صеʱѾǱֺ
ûаչȽйȻԼ˽լ֮У֮ټھеţһĳŵ˵һ顣
һЩȫˣǲͷϵĸӣֻҪǼٻô˭̷
ڵڶ峿ȻйӪеĹ
ȻԼǰӪǰȥͶЩ岻
Ȼӣ֪һЩˡ
ʮֵرϿһĴ󽫣ʵʮֵ
췴ʱҪǿȻ֪ңͲƾΪ
˿ȻϹ֣Ȼ˵ڵоƴҵȾǿܹסĽҲ˲Ϳ̿ʱ򣬰Ҳ췴ʹͶͿܹ̿һٻ󣬺ֶΪ
̾˿ӿȻĿѾһѾͶˡ
Ҳ֪һȥԷӪУʲôĳŵһﾹȻһٰʮȵĴת䡣
صУͶǿԵģðȥԷӪУȴʵǲԸ⡣
üͷһ£Ȼ˵ӴǰγӪУ㿴Σ
򲻿ɣǴȡ̫ϻʵʱССҪ󣬴ܴӦ̫ϻʣǿĽܣԺҲòʧ
̾˿ʵǲðմȥˣֻȫ̽Ҫ
ڵڶ糿ʱرۣ˰£֮ӡţǵͽ߳ǡ
һֱĴӪǰ
ʱڴӪڵ㣬Ѿõ
ҲûʧԴڴӪſڡ
ʱѾ󳼹߾ӡŵˡ
龰Ͻ߼ǰȽȻĵļº͵˵
α˶񣿡
ظϽǫػصʴȣ׼СͶذĸҵȾôݣҲԱµĶһ
ؾͰԼӡϵǰ֮˵صĹƾӡţպá
ЦŽӡϹ֮󣬺ֽԵ̫࣬žͲηһӪ֮ȥ
Ƕоʣм䣬ذԼԱߵһ֮ϣ´󽫣Լ䶼վ±ߡ
˵һЩ滰԰ЩͶˡǴϯ
žƺȣЩ˵Ҳĵ˫ҲʼǢ
֪֮УһƾȻȵ̫бҲǺȵ㰲ڴӪ֮Ϣ
ڶ糿ѹ֮󣬷ԼɵĵطȻʡ
ڴϣڲԶһ֮ϣĿ
һ¿ɰŻˣæķ´һǰڵأͷ졣
һ°ҲˣѾŵɫǸϽİ
غ£ֻӪ֮ûзݵӪʣҵίһ¡
ؽӵʿѾж棬ʵػص
´ҶɽӴ֮ξǱµǰ䡣
ЦЦ֮ĵļ򣬾ʹǰ߿ʼ͡
ð緹֮ŻǶȥ
һ·ϣضԣĴǳĲ
ǸȺеĿȻȴʱǺǰĲһˡ
ԭʱڽֵ֮άģѾԭصʿˣǻµľ
һÿȻЩƮƮȻ˼һӾ侲
̫ϻʹȻĻʱǣֻΪʱ䡣
һϵĹ򣬾Ѿǵȫˡ
Ǿ뷴ڡѣҲˣΪЩʿѾԶ°ˡ
Ϣ˼֮󣬴ʮԼʮ񣬿ʼƺƵɶȥ
һ·أ;ĳǳض
Ƿǳ˳ֻʮĹ˳ɶ
ӭѾµЩˣȷѧ
ɶصģȻԭŽա
ǰİԼĴѧɳȥռ˳ɶǡ
ҲΪԼİȫ룬ɺԼǵʱ򣬰·ϴܳһ̿
ԼȻǲ´ɱҲֵòɢԼ
ȻȻѾ˳ɶǣ;İУһЩĴŭĿӡ
ص˻ǲ١
ֻԼҲѾͶˣЩ˵ŭ޴йֻ·ϸɫ
ǻЩģȻɫϲãҲûںš
ȻаЪֻڸһլӣʱľ
Ϣ˼֮Ϳʼصĵط
ЩҪذ㻻Լĸ
ƣֻҪٹʮĹȫƿصʵʱܹȫƽط
ǣʮ֮˾š
ϾҪƽصʱԶһ⼱࣬ƽ


685 ǻ
⼱ǳ˼
Ҳǳļ򵥣˵Ѿռ˺ݣҪйĽʿ
ƽʱҲ㲻ʲôǹƶһ棬ռһ鲻Сĵطʱ
۲ԹƵģȫ彫ʿ塣
йͷһǹơ
׵ǣϣҪ㽫ݷָء
ⲻɵ˵꺺ͬŵ¡
͵꺫ҪΪʱǶôơ
Ǹʱĺſ棬µʿռܱĽһ롣
ڹƵıҲռܱ֮ܿһ
ôһȻҺа壬ԼԵѾá
ͶԤϡ
ֻЦһ£ͽӵһԣˡ
˵ʱںݵĹƣۣҲڰĵȴ
ôһȾǰ£Ǳ߸ûʲô´Щüˡ
֮Уӵ֮һӦǱףɱ֡
һӦǿеķԼ֮㡣
ڳ˵㾹Ȼвˡ
ԽƽƾԽľս
һҲƸˣΪ֪ѾԼ˻ɡ
Լûзģȵƽ֮ҲԼ
˻һԼһҪǳ֮ҲһҪǲɴǰ
ʵ̲סˣæԼıʿס
ûпڵıʿλɵԵס
һԴӸ˹֮󣬾ͶԹǸͽмӡ
ټǽݣ˹ƺܿľͶ˻ɡ
ټȷʵЩͣһ·ϸǳıߣսࡣ
ڵѾΪ˹Ƶĸıʿ
һعҪһľס
һ۵İ취Ҳ׳ġ
һʱ֮״Ҵҵ
˧ôк·Ը
ƽ׽еԼԣȻ˵
Ǳ߻ûлţ㿴л᲻ʲô鷳
ڹƵ뷨֮Уܲս;սõİ취˫Э
һ£Ȼ΢΢һЦ˵˧صģҿѾβˣȻЭġ
Ƶ˵ͷҲжϡ
һ·ȡϡ
Լһ·Լȥƹһ·չǳ˳
ȥһ·ȴ˴鷳տʼʱǴԽȵȥʱԽѾȥ
Ϣֿ㣬ʩѡ
֮£Ϊ˳ƽһʱİԼӦòٳʲô۶ӡ
ȴ֪ʱ㴫ϾϢٲΰ롣
ڵõϢ㻹֣ʵѾȫĿʱͳʮؾ
ǽô죿ܾôѽ
׵ͷüͷ˺óһʱ䣬̧ͷ۾зų׹⡣
˧֮£ǲֱϮϾʱ㻭Ρ
ɣϾѦأģҪ˵ǰկԽһЩҪ˵طЩ͡
ҪûǷ۵ʱҲģȻۣľѣڶȻѾϾصĺͰһǹȥ޷ϾᱻϾסʱԮǾ֮
˧㻹֪ɣѦϾѾֲ˼ˡ
Ŷô¶Щƶ
̽ӻرѦϾС檣ÿڸ֣Ͼǵķˡ
֮üͷ壬֮ڴȥ
л᲻թǰʱѦʮֽСĵģô©
˧һʱһʱҲ
ߵƵԣĽ˵ԭȵʱǶµ󽫣һֱƤӵ£һҪ˵ûеԼС˼ûš
Ƶ˵ͷ
Ļǿɾ̫ˡ
ϾԼȻռպ֮أǵ̺ţʱܴӼԼ
ܺ㻭εĻôͰȫˡ
㲻ϾԼɨϵĺʱ
ȵĻôԼı£Ҳʲôȥ
뵽֮󣬹۾Ҳʼ
ǡ
۾ڶʼŹˣû뵽ԼȻϾôĽӽ
ֻҪԼҲܹϱ㿹⡣
뷨ʵ̫ջˣǻȣȶʼĲ
վһԵ׿ŹƵӣ۾һĲм
εĺܺãƸûпһﻹű˼
ãͰ˵İ죬֮ҾʮֱϾ
׵˵ͷȻʲôʵ˧ô˭أ
һҲЩֹˡ
ݣĸϳҪԼϾʱ˿ɳ֮Լûطȥ
ȥԼµЩǰһߵģЩŲǡ
Լ濴ţЩԼҶʲôҪԼûԣ˭֪Щһ᲻ǵľͶϡ
ȥһΰ۹⿴Աߵס
һԭϾǵʱ򣬿ǺƴƴĴһɱԼԣǿ
ͶԼһߡ
ӣҲһͶˡ
ôԼܹݣΪԼԮģҲֻռūˡ
뵽֮󣬹ЦЦļ˵ӪεҲ㣬ҲǷǳ˽⣬ݵ¾ͽˡ
֮¶˾ϲȻϻ̳Ͽֵһء
˧׵֪֮˧ģֻҪһڣȻݲʧ
ĵ˵ͷ
ֻҪܹСĽӦǺûʲô⣬ʱԼòϾҲܹںݸ֡
׿ѾĹƣתһȦ
Ȼ˵˧еǣԲ˳µһԱ󽫣ҪϾº˵
һ£ȷʵ
֮ҸΣ
۽¶һ˿Ц֮ĵߵ˹ƵԣĶ˵
˧ԳԽʱµĴ󽫣ҲӵĶԴ˧ġ
һ۾
ȷʵһ⣬Լǰһѵ񫣬ܹµЩʿǵЩôȻȫȫΪԼ¡
õľǣµЩȻԼķͣôҲǸԼͶ״ʱҲݲˡ
ãô졣
Ƽڴ˼Ȼعͷ˵
ھȥţ֮ںݳǽ죬Խλ


686 ı
ڶ죬ݳչƮĺݳǰ￴֡
ǹƼ죬Խӡ
ƴһ֪ۣȻųڣ˵Ļ֮£һ̨
Ҫ˵׼Ļֻ̨ùЩۡ
Ҳû취ʱȣֻһ̨ˡ
ϵ̨ȥ֮󣬷㵻棬ʶ˼ģʾԼѾλԽλ
֮󣬹»ص˺ݳǼªй֮У֮ǴȺ
׾ȻƷΪة࣬Ҳһ֮֮ˡ
ͳҲǸзͣһٵӡ
֮󣬹ͳʮ򣬿ʼϾ
һߵϢʵͨϾѦĶ
ѦԴǷǳӣ̴¾ҪϾĳǳؿʼҰ
ͬʱѦҲʼѾµȥϢ
ƵĽȴǳ˳ֻǴ¾ͿʼͶˣһ·ǽչǳѸ٣ֻʮĹͿ쵽Ͼˡ
ڵĹѾЩƮƮȻˣΪԼ֮ض
Ҳʾһ´ȱ֮ӣЩͶԭģԭȵĹԱزûеԼˡ
ȵϾµʱµѾ͵ʮ
Щ˶һ·ϹЮ׳
ڱĻһ¶ôʿ»
ڽϣ֮硣
ֻҪһܹõĸ
˵ȵϾ£µݲû٣ǰˡ
һعֻҪǹϾǣ˳Ƶţռݽϣʱš
ȵϾµʱ򣬹ϢûϢڵڶͿʼˡ
ڹԼʿϾеѦ壬ʱʿĥǵֵסԼĴ
ʵݺݵһơ
ڵһ칥УȻʧ˽ϾȻȻ
ʱƲѹȻʼ˼ʱԼսս
һ˼ùųһ亹
Ӻһ·Ͼô룬ʮأԼȻûлԼĸ
ҪһأԼίߣôԼ·ɾҪˡ
뵽֮󣬹ǸæİԼʮױȻд飬ȥӹء
ЩױҲ֪¹ش󣬲ҵſֱϷȥˡ
ǳһЩүûʲôе˼ϽɳԼˣԼҲܷġ
Ĺ򣬹ƿʼϾǸҪռϰգΪǵڻҡ
㹥ƶɽصʱõһУһԱ֮ʩ
ʿ죬ռİҲֻм
֪еѦѾ׼ѾЩȫǨϾˡ
ûʲô취ˣֻٹһһԣ̽Ͼǵ
ˣƿʼ˶Ͼǽ̽ƵĹ
̽Ͼǵ㣬ȻΪͻƿڹϾǡ
̫ˣϾôùƵ
оǧĲͣɣѾûʲôˡ
ֻҪڲ⣬ݳԣǱһĹҲʲôˡ
˹һεĹ޹
ôھֻһ취ˣǽϾŵסֱݺľ
취Թ˵ҲһС
ΪѾݵʱؾĻﵽϾҲһµĹ
ټˮ·ôֻҪ£ܵϾ
ڶ˸סˣҪܿĻƵоǲˡ
ˣΪ˹ϾǣֻɨƽΧȻҰȫֵδܻؾ
ֻϵʱ䳤ˣϾûʳ벻ͶС
취
֮󣬹ǽһɢϾǸ֮
ǾĿԼڽϵĵ̣ܹһǣЩǳΪ֧ĻӦܹסһʱ䡣
ڹԼһ·ϣ޲ˣս޲ʤǳ
Ӧú׵ľչһƬ̡
һĹȴǳĲ˳
ЩسԼݸȫĺǰһˣȫء
ƵЩʿչ˺ܶˣսЩ½ټЩٵΪ˱ʵûȫĹԣǾȻһسǶûй¡
ڵõϢֱ֮֡
⻹ùƷյģùƷյɳЩôʱ䣬Ȼûһŵġ
ù˲õԤС
ҪҲ֪ô£һѾܳʱûиˡ
ھеݣҲֻάְµʱˡ
˴ʱѾоԼһ޴ı֮С
˧֮УЩ飬ǰ˼룬ȫȫĹһ飬ͻȻ֮ðһ亹
ԼֻЩ֮İ㣬Ҳڽܹһ󸻹
ô£ԼȻԵĵƣЩˡ
ɲԼƽ뷨
ЩԼ˼һ飬״ʲôطˡ
ǸףͣԼ߹ƻԼЩΡ
һҲ̫˾ˡ
ı᲻뵽Լ췴һʱƣҲܳɹǸԸôȫȫͶԼ
뵽Ҳʼ
ΡΡ⺰һ

һУ߾ͽһװĴ󺺡
ױҲݡ
ЩԹĹһֱԣüδս֮УܹΪġ
Ск·Ը
̴ǧԭ·غݣ滻غݡ
֮ǰһӹת뿪ˡ
ϣܸϵü뵽
ϣԽʧԽ
ǧһ·ϣһسǾͱˡ
ɵҲ֪鲻ˣԴ˳ǽ£ֻڳſڹһͷ­
ͷ­ʶµױеһԱ
ǰһʱױʮһͬ˳ȥû뵽ɥڴˡ
Ѿʱ䲻ˣǶĿȾҲһЩ
ֻ΢һ˼֪һ·ʮسǶˡ
Ǳһ·Щعȫƭˡ
ҪӾǣ룬ƾǧҪǰسǣЩѡ
ΪڸղŹۿ¥ʱڳǽ֮Ѿռʿ
Щʿɺ͸ץ׳һһʮֵʢװҲǳľһǾþɳľ
ҪԼǧǰȥǣ¾ǰЩȫҲǰسǡ
ûа취ֻܴӪȥ
Ӫ֮еĹһӵĻرѾŵɫ
ΪѾˡ


687 
Լ޾ȱٲ취¾ͻϾ֮ء
ҲǸۣڴ֮һҹǿһ֮ơ
ϻغûа취ˣϾҲǳļ̣һʱҲ
ȻѾ־֮ض
ڵϣƾսʿǱĳһ֮󣬾ʹżʮ򱱶ȥ
ϾϵѦ壬ڽӵϢ֮󣬲š
Ҫʲôѵɹȥ
Ѧһ뷨Ҳ֮ȥˡ
ϽĴױ˳ǽ֮ϣִ֮Զ
ֻԶһĺӰޱ޼ʣ򱱷ȥ
Ѧü
ԼĲӦˣҪɹȥԭȥһ
վڹƵϣ⵹һð취
ϱرƼûлصģڱӦ÷иʱɹ׵ľܴһЩأȻ󲹳Լá
ʱбҲܹʹЭǲܸһҲܹꡣ
Ѧ龰֪ԥˡ
Ѧһ淢ϾصЩʿ̼ԮϾ
һ棬ϾصЩʿҲϵһܹ
ЩѦľѦﵡ
ѦŹƵɽˮʱɳѦһϮһټ
ڿȲǸʱˡ
ϾŵĴ󿪣ѦˣƺƵĳ˳š
ѦҲɳ̽ˣ߶ȫٵһ߸ȥ
Ѧȴ֪ڲԶһСɽ֮ϣżʮױԶԶϾǵơ
ͻȻԶ̳һ·뿪ϾԼһˡ
龰¶˾ϲ
Լŵ·Ҫˡ
ȫϣٲֵľκһҲǱһ뷨
ҪǵоȫԼҲܹôʱϾֿɵá
ϾԼͲöɹȥˡ
Ϊ˵ĺǶɹʵƴѽ
Ҫ֪ⳤǷǳĿأӦǲˡ
Լ⼸ʮҪȥȹôƾĴֻǷϹˡ
ʱֻҪһϮԼֲþβˣǱסҲҪʧ롣
ƽĶǴ̳¶ܿľҪӽԼİΧȦˡ
ʱֶʼðˣͺʱͻȻ˷ӦԼһ
ԤûзĴ󽫺Щ³çֱӾͽСɽɽ
˴ʱǳĳһȻһױ˻֡
ױϽȥţһСɽϾһ쿪ʼͣҡڡ
ҡɽм䣬ͻȻǺɱ֮졣
žĹԼľʯӰɽϹ
һֱڶǰߵѦһ龰ϾԼ˶Էˡ
ѦҲˣֻƴǰ
ΪСɽҪǰӱӣӱǰӣת򣬿ǲ׵ġ
һԵǰȥҲƾǵĺܹɱһѪ·
ɽϿѦİţҲǰĵ˵ͷ
ѦȻµĺӦ
ģҲӲԼˡ
ŹԱһױ˻֣ױӵʾϽٴȥš
һСɽ֮һɫĴ졣
ҡɽϣͻȻ¹иʲݺŵľɫ塣
Щ滹˹ͣȼܵĴ
Щһ¹ţܱߵЩɿݵӲݣҲʼܵһ
ʱƴһ͹Ѧ壬һϾ¶˾
û뵽ƾȻԼежˣҪԼСɽѽ
ѦоʱͻȻ֮Զһ㺮ǡ
âѸײڶ֮ƣѦԡ
ѦŸǹƴսأͻȻԼԱ߶һˣоһеĸǹ䲻Աȥ
ҲҵԱһ㣬ȻϽ˵ػţƶǰ㡣
Ѧ⻰Űеĸǹһ£ȻϸĹơ
վǰԭһŵ۵á
˲ˣŵˡӡ
ԭ֮󣬾һֱϾУǳ͵͵
͵ѦѾˣôһ˵Ĵڡ
һѦǰȥ׷ƣտʼʱӲ
ڷʱͻȻ֮һ
ѾɾɣһʲôҪҪ
ҲҵϽĳ֮Ҵҵܶš
һʣ֪ѦѾǰȥ׷ȥˡ
ڽӵϢ֮ǹɲӵǿˡ
ҵϽǽ֮ϣִԶ
ӵķ֮ڣֻԶɵһƬһɱֱ֮͸
ⶨȻǹƲɱ֮ŨңӦѦѾС
Ҫ֪Ѧ㰲Ͼش󽫣Ҫ£Ͼıˡ
ʱ¹ֻҪһƣϾķأɳ̲ϵĳǱһ̮
ɹȫʧˣҲѦܵκεˡ
ɹòҵ廯һ⣬ֱɱ֮ȥ
Ҳʱɽ֮ѾһƬĻ𺣣ѦҲ˲ʡ
ˣżæѦԡ
Ѧڷֻ֮оһӿͷ
֪һԼǱסˡ
ǽţѦ͸оһɵıִͷӿ𣬽Ǹոɢˡ
Ȼܹӵİ֮±סµļӿûа취ȥ
ǱЩԼսսѣڶҪɥˡ
ӼǷˣҲЩջˣⶼʲôʱ㻹롣
ǰһֱӾͰѦһѦĲӣҪȥ
ʱͻȻ֮ɽİɽ˼ʮֻ
һ龰ҲЩ
ЩȻ˵ûзļӳ֣ǾƾĴ͸һԼ壬ԼҲɥ
Ӳҵżأ֮зȥ
ڰ֮У۽һƲͼǸովĵطѾʮֻ֡
ҪԼһ̾ͻᱻЩɸӡ
ҲЩˣԴӳɽûյ顣
ӾԷһӦĻЩӸСˡ
ֻӴӻȡһСС֮ȥ
ֻڰͣһ£žͷųһ⡣
Щʶһʼɽ¹Ƶʿӡ
Ǳеʿ̾ͻ˵ϡ
Ҫ֪ڿǰѦµЩҧƴء
һ£̾͸˶ԷԿɳ֮һĲҽУųڵЩʿܿľͱɱ
ڰеѦ龰Ҳ¶ЦݣֻҪǴȱڣԼɽЩӦܹ롣


688 һ
˵Щ̫ˡ
ǶŹʵͻȻ֮еĹâȫˣȻҡҡλεɹ׹ȥ
ɹòҵǰһӹ
Ϳϵйâȫɢһͨ˿ΪһѾήͲΪһ
ɹֱ顣
ķ˵ı֮
û뵽ھȻ˵ôûмĹûа취ָˡ
˵ˣղָʾʹͨˣͲġ
뵽ʱɹôԶƣֻһǿڵˡ
ڵķǳ졣
һɫĹâ˰졣
â֮ȴûԴԴϵĲ䣬Ǳʲôǿмһ
ɲǺ飬Ȼڿն𣬼޿ƣʱƣܿľͻûк֮Ȼɢ
Ǹʱ˵˿ⲻѪ֮֡
ҲΪԷڣ޿ƣԼķˡ
ԼûˣƾԷˣԼķĵķǳʱԼҲ
뵽֮ɹҲٹɽЩʿˣѦԶȥ
վɽϵĹƿԶȥĵˣһ
ղǵʩҲǿƾǶֻССļĹ򣬾ɱʿ
ĿԼƾԼĹ򣬸͵סԷ
ƽŸϽٴֵµЩ˰ɽĳڸסʡúòסЩˡ
ЩˣղɹôһôҲǴһСȱڡ
ˣܶʿӵĴӿɽꡣ
ȵٴεɽסʱѾӳȥ˼ǧˡ
ЩˣƲûм׷ڵĿǰɽȫ
ˣٴҡ죬ϱߵĹԼľʯһȥ
ⳡսһֱڶ죬ʱŽ
˴ʱһԼԼʧ٣ɽеĽѾȫû
ˣˣҲ򳤽оˣҲϢϾǰΧȥ
˵ʱϾУһˡ
ڵʱѦŲбܽӻϾǣЩϾеĸף֪鲻ˡ
رЩǰȨ
Щ˱ΪͶˣܹȻؼٻ󣬿ûж೤ʱ䣬Ȼ顣
˵Ͷһˣ˼Ҳǡ
û취ˣֻƴĺһ·ߵˡ
ȻѾ¶ģôǿɵһôסϾˣЩլлһ˰죬û취ǰԼļҶٴι׳ɡ
һǵļҶ״սʱ򣬿ʧС
ЩеǮϾƽִ֮Ӹĵ軧мѡһˣǿİǵļͥˡ
Щ˸ոսѵֻһӡ
Ҳ˲Щˣǵ˵Ѽܹõϵжȫ㼯һܹżĽǧˡ
ԴԼļѦĸϡ
ʱѦһ·Ԯһ߰Ͼܹϵʿϵǽ֮ϡ
֮⣬Ѧ׼ּҪϾежһָӣʱ׼ϳȥسǡ
ʱŵˡ
Ѧ屾ǲӼЩ˵ģΪæýų죬ûЩг
һ룬ҪسǣҪЩ˵İڴ֮ϽӼ
ûпɳҶæأͼ͵İѰǧ˵ľȨѦ塣
Ѧ忴еļöҲЩĿɿڴʲôʱЩĻˣ
ȻĿѾﵽˣѦҲû˵˼׻Ͱ˳ȥžɳԼȥӹǰǧˡ
˵ȵƵĶʮϾµʱϾͷѾˡ
Ͽųǽϵķһü
ǶϾǵжٷǳģ˵Ѧʧ˼ϾͷӦûʲôʿˡ
ǿڵϾǡ
ֻͷƮսס
ϱߵЩʿһףһǾеľ
ʵ֪Щ׵ʿϾЩȨǹ׳ġ
ЩȻЩȨеģҲûʲô£ǵװȷʵǺãʿҲһȡ
һ°ѹƸŪסˡ
üͷ̾˿û뵽Ѧ廹ĽȻûаϾȫʿȥ
ԼϾǵؾ࣬Ҫƾ˹ϾǣҲǲʵġ
ʱҲվԼһ
ҪôȥԮˣԼҲ߲ˡ
ûа취ֻǷ˼Ͼǣٴδ򳤽ȥ
ϵʱ򣬲ŷĶɴѾûжˡ
ƾǰ⼸ʮҪʮ˵ȥǿ²һܹ쵽ġ
ûа취ֻһ߰Ӫկһǰȥ£ֻ
Ҫ˵Ϸȷʵ۴
˹ֻĹ򣬾ͼٶ󴬡
Ҳһʱܹɹȥ
˹Ҳ̾ϴʼɳ
ҲΪɣǳĺã֮ͷ
ټûʲôˣֻǵʱ򣬹ƾѾ˵˶԰
ӣֻҪǵҹӦܹȫˡ
ɳȥ̽ҲûʲôõϢùһЩԼͻȻϮһֲԮ
ǾЦݸոյʱԶмƥٵһ߱
һüһоһ
ԭͷĲˣһױ
Щ˿Ǳɳȥ䵱̽ģôҴҵĻѵǷʲô
뵽֮󣬹ҲɵˣǴ߶ӭױȥˡ
ƥսܿľͷ
ǸױҲû񣬶ֱӵľͶԹƺ
սһˣдٶȣֻҪһʱˡ
ҡ
һûоԼ
ڰڹǰľֻ·ˡ
һ·£ûйӵʮһȻԴо
һ취ǲЩûйӵʿ˶Լ˴Ͽ쵽ȥ
˼ȥ̸·Ųϰʮ
ЩûйӵʮĵˣҪǰЩ˷ôԼǵ˱ƾĲбݣҲ޾ȱҲܿı
ʹʮˣڳϰһս
ܹһĻҲܹǩԼȫԼ
֮󣬹̴ûйӵģʮ뿪ߣʼƽ̹֮
һ͸ոյкãڳľͷеİ׷֡


689 
սһرԡ
ԱȱĴһȦװʮֵĻϱߵʿװҲΪ
رڴͷһ˴죬ƵĴϣһġ֡
ԭ㵽ˡ
ԴӽӵѦ֮󣬾ûе飬̾»ص֮ٴʼսһ·˳¡
ĻʱǹҪɹıϳҵʱ
սܿľͷ˳ˮ档
ʱ֮ϣԶѾѾüͷ塣
ȷʵһۡ
սǰԼǿн
ҺԼͶķӦ˰ţĻֲûϾԼϳһ췭ظ
ԼȻŴԮµ˰ϣǣҪԼʮԴ̲½ҲЩ鷳
ڰϵĹҲĹ˼ɣҲ˿
ʱǲᷢսˣԼбİ취
ֳǰЩԹΪأǵ֡
Ҫڰô޷ɵĵǰ
ʣµʮ׼˶
ܵĻ׷֮ڽϵĴ֮ķչ
Ҳ˶Է˼֪ҪԺԼĽϿҲһƬơ
Ҳ˼ʿˣ̾ʹȥǿе½
һ£ĽӾͿʼȹһʼ
սʼŷ򰶱߳ȥˡ
·ϹƵؾҲϽҪƾĹЩ½սȥ
ǵĹЧЩ롣
ȻƸղѾͣȴЩæǿû˵ߡ
˹ƾ蹭ֵЩЩսûʲôв
ҪЩ֮װǿͶʯ
ֻһĴʯͷԼ׳ĹͰЩ˸ͷܡ
⵹ЩУЩ˵Ѿɢˡ
ڵǸ˶֪ЩˣټԭȾıǵľҲЩ顣
ҲʱͻȻ֮Щ赲ľ֮Уһ˺ɫĴ쿪ʼҡ
˴ҡĴ֮˼˺죬ںӦ˴졣
ʿһͿʼҲΧʼ򰶵Ĵ
ԶûԶĹҲֽű
Ӧѽ
뵽֮󣬹۾ʼƯŸԵЩǡ
ЩǲҲ㰲ŵӦֻҪԼһע⣬Щ˾ͻᷴˡ
뵽֮󣬹۾ðɱ
ЩҲоǵֲذԼ佣ϡ
ҲǵС
֪ҪЩ˻ȥƾǵĶ˼ԼԼղŵı֣ʮϾɢˡ
˹һҧһţ͵ԼԵױͳʹõɫ
ǹѾʮˣһһѾȻġ
˹һָļױͻȻĸٵǹŹƵ߰λ󽫿ȥ
ЩҲűأֲ֮ҲǸٵǹʼ
ϧжæеֻһЩĵҲûر˺ܿľͱЩױǸնɱˡ
ڽЩȫɱ֮󣬹ųһȻϽİԼļױȻ󷢲ǴЩǰȥƿؾӡ
ƽʱȻ˵ѣʱƲĶҡ
ȴͬˡ
ΪһļʮѾʼ½֮󣬿ʼһ߿
ΣĹͷƾȻڧԼЩͳ󽫸ɱ˸ɾ
ȻʱڻǽǸôĽأ
֮£ҲûӲǽһʼȻԼױͳЩ˷档
һͳ󽫣û뵽ɽˮʱ򣬶ԷȻҷ
һ飬Ȼùǽڽںˡ
Ҳǳ򣬹ƴʣʼ߳ˡ
ڹƴȵĴȫ˺εסȵҹƵʱѾûټ
Դ˲ģΪԼĵϣԷôһʱѵһ
㲢û׷ǼʮΪΧסʼͣĹ
ֻǹһֱһĵĻʮҪʱȫҲǲʵġ
ǻͻڹǸոյĽӹ֧ӵָȨ
֧ӵͳҲǸոձƸɱˣ±ߵĸͳҲǲԸ
ֻ֧Եĵֿһ£ͿʼͶ
мĹȻ˵ƴĵֿɳԼոļױսӣͶƲûбֹ
ɳȥױҲʼȺ֮УͶĶ顣
мĹԵԽԽ٣ҾǸԼߵЩʿҲһ۹˸֪Լˡ
Ϊ˱Ƶ֪֮ΪùӵԶһЩǿӲָеĲӣֵһһĳ
Ǳ˳һһûж೤ʱû󺣵ĿХ֮С
ȵɫŰʱ򣬹ͱѹǰ
㿴ǰˣȻ۾¶âˣ̾˿
֮ҲûȤ˵ʲôˣ˻֣±ߵʿ̾Ͱ˳ȥ֮ʹһҽС
žһʿŴ˵ͷǰ
һ£֮һ֣ʿϽͷ棬ͷôþͲĵˡ
ոմ꣬ЩԵͳ˴ڡ
£ո̽Ѿ˽ʮ
ʵ˵ͷЩ죬ܵѽ
ʹܵٿ죬ҲӲԼµ޵
ѧʲôطˡ
£ѧĴѾֻʮˣϵʱӦܹ档
˵ͷͷ˼һ£Ȼȥ
Ϣȫ׷Źƣùˡ
üҪ˵ʲôϾֱ죬ʵʵȥȥˡ
ʱߵױֽͨϾѦ
֣оðһŭ
뿪Ͼʱ򣬸ѦϾһ˿һˡ
̰ðʹʧ
ϾЩȨǻЩģԼױȫ׳ԼҪϾˡ
оͺŭ
롣
һĽܿʹѦĶС
Ѧ峤̾һ֮˿ףɢ˷١
֮ÿһʹغﳼѦ壬̫ϻʡ
ôһһоʡ
֮ڵأ֮ͷأͲ̧㡣


690 ;ĩ·
ϱߣ˺ܾã˵
֪
ĩѾ֪̫ϻʵΣ̫ϻʳԾͣԶġ
˵ͷȻ±ߵױ˵
ϳȥʮ
±ߵѦһ⻰һЩ
Ȼ̫ϻѾԼʮԼǱסˡ
ױʱûз˳ױһ·⡣
Ȼʹһžž
ֹһѦڼױĲ£ٴνʣ֮ڵأĬ
㿴һۣȻٴʵɼסεĽѵ𣿡
ΪѾǡ
⣬֮˵㲻ڴ֮ˣϾأһؿɲҪ˿ɳ֮
֮˽Ѧȥơ
ٽûмˣԻװŴʼҹ
ʱĹҲûţ֪ߵһ׷ᣬָʾڰʱôһڷ֮󣬾ҹ
뷨ֻӵԽԽԶӵĺǣ׷Լ
ĺãʵȴ
ȵߵҹʱͻȻɱߵ̽ɳ۶
²ãǰ߶ʮ﷢Ĵһ߼۶
оһʲôʲô
ж𣿡
ڣ޷оֻѹѹǵء
жǺˮǿװ򶨵ؽ̽ȥ֮һ¡
ĴӦûҹԼһ׷ǰߵӦǰźõķ
ôЩˣӦһֻƫʦûжˡ
Լʱֹͣǰø׷ʱ䡣
Ȼôĵ
˹ƽž±ߵ˴Թͼǰ
֧Уܿڰʱ֧֮ײһ
ȵһ򣬹Ʋ֪ǰֻͲʲôɱĶʮ
Ϊڻ谵ĵƹ֮£ҲĴһ˧죬ϱһġ֡
˵ˣµѧŴˡ
뵽֮󣬹ҡ
Ϊ֪ƾԼո£ľӣھĲȵ֮£Ǹûа취ѧʮ֮࿹ġ
ʹҲ׼ͶΪ֪һͶˣȴԼľзʬ
ڽ֮£ֻǽȫ£γһԲεķ͡
˼ԲǾһʱһʱܸɸĻôԼҲֵõġ
ڶеѧԷֹͣ˽ҲûƹƵľεס
ȵ̫ʱ׷ĶʮǺѧһ
֮ǽʮĴ߰ĲоһСɽͷϡ
ɽ֮ϣʿһӪʣ֪ԼĩѾˡ
ֵµЩСȻҲ֪鲻ˣһ۹˸ͷĹơ
ҲпʼͣĴġ
Щʿʲô˼һ
Լͷȥ±ߵ͡
˹ƸϽ˻Լױм䣬ִ֮¾ֵЩոսӹ¾ӵԭȵױǣ£͡
յʱ±ΧǵĴͻȻһĺžɽѿ֮ͣһɡǳǰ
ÿԷ˭Ϳɡǣƾ֪ǰˡ
ڶɳһƥʼٵһ߿
ǰһ֮صʱƥͣµĽŲ֮ϱߵʿʼһߺС
̫ϻùǰ
֮һ£֮Ҳױǰƶ
˫ôһ֮أסƥ
ϵ㣬ŶĹơ
ֻڵƣѾûڴӪ̩֮ɽǰɫȡ
ǿбϻѪǰҹһսҲһЩ鷳
ƣҶ㲻Ϊ󽫣Ϊʲôѡ
ƿŶ㣬۾жɱġ
ΪҲӦˣԼһ·ô˳һж㰲ŵġ
Ϊ⽭ϱϿԼҷǳΣգʵĹذ˵̩ɽ
ԼôڣҲֻһƬС֮ڣȵĴһԼ֮
ʵģһв㰲źõ𣿡
ԷĻЩҲٺ˵ʲôˣһһ˵ʲôǵĻʷϵԼ۵ġ
Ҳ˵ʲô˻صС
ڴ֮սȻĴʼ£ߡ
ǹҲǴױ˻ɽϣ֮ء
µĴ¹ϣɽϹ˼Σûȡýչ
㲢ûеģΪѾԼеˣֻҪԼʲôԷǷɲȥġ
ڹ֮ҲûмǿĴƣɸԷԿɳ֮
֪ȻԷɽѹɽȴȱˮԴ
ͷһʱҲûиоʲôڵڶûˮԴ֮£ǾǻЩʳҲֲȥ
Ȼͷһսңµ˻û뵽ʲôȵ㲻ɽˣƻŸоڸ
ԵҲоĲԡ
ҲЩˣԼȻΪܹõķأѡûˮԴɽͷ
ڱɽϣûˮԴĲ䡣
ûа취֮£ֻʿɱսսѪʡ
ǰڼ֮Уսж٣Щսôܻôʿļʣ
ЩʿΪһѪܻڧ
ƾȻѹˡ
ΪԼھڻҩͰϣֻҪһǾͻԭĴ𣬰˧ըɡ
ô˫Ĵʱ䡣
ɽ֮ϹƵʿѾûվˡ
Աߵʳῴһۡ
ΪûˮԴ֮£һڸ˵ͺСӹǵĺһ
ʱɽµ㣬Ҳ֪ɽϵ
ʱɽĻӦúܿľܰѹ¡
һ֮󣬻̾һԼԵѧɽ
ѧڽӵ֮̾ͳȥţһĴͿʼСɽϰ档
Ȼ˵ѧһ·СĽȴûκεĵֿ
һ·ϣǲͣ£Ѿûеֿʿ
ɽƵĴ⡣
Ȼнǧʿεıǵ˧
ЩһѾЩҡҡλˣ촽϶ǸѣȴȻվ
ѧױǰߣǰЩˣۿҲЩˮ
ΪЩױУҲһԼϤӰ
ֻһЩӱ£ó͢ãԲűɵ¡
Ǹʱǵ࣬˽ǵĹϵǳĺá
رǵ껹ͬһϵǺ¡
ȴѾ˱һĵزβ˸еᡣ


691 Ȩ
ʱ򣬴ʵÿˣƴ˳
ѧλѾûԭǾµװ磬Ǳޱȡ
˾͸ʮ׻࿴ţȻԡ
˺һǹȿˡ
û뵽¼档
Ǻαأ
վɫ˵Һ˵ʵɣһжĹơҪ߹ƻô췴
ѧ̾˿ҡҡͷ
ز㻹жΣûˡ
˵仰ѧҲͷеִȻһ֣ʿͿʼӵǰ
ƵױʱҲʼǰۼȻųУҪֵӵĵо
ǹ֪ڵֻֿͽĻ˻֣Щױ˵һԡ
ʿͲ뵽ƺױм䣬Ƿָ
֮ЩʿͿʼԹƵױнеЩȻ˵Щ֮ģǿΧʿҲһµı
ƱҲ˸ʵ֮ѧĴ£ɽ˴⡣
˴˴ѧҲҴֵµױƿˣȻʿڣΧ̫档
һᣬ߾ʹϢѧڻػ
ʱѧŸһף֮Сĸ̫˱ʡ
ʱе㣬ţһ鿴
ѧ֮󣬸ϽĹڵأɽꡣ
е飬ȻЦԱߵ̫ཫѧ
֮˵˵ѹǸˣ
ر£֪޷ֿѾ־ܡ
˵ͷȻٴα۾˼һ£̾һ˵
Ҳˣ֮ȥ˰ɡ
˵֮ͼǱ飬ĵؿ
ѧվＸҪſڣǿ㶼һ߿һ£ֻε˳˴ʡ
ȵѧ뿪֮۾뿪鱾˴ʿڡ
ʱѾûЦݣǱɭޱȡ
е飬뿪˧ڴ֮˼Ȧ
Ƿȴ˧ϵıʣԼ½дˡѧ֡
ʱһ̫һ̣˴ʡ
ү׼Ŀ
ǰȥԱ߸̫Ͻϵĺ첼ÿ
бһȻǹƵͷ­
һ
Ͻ˧ǰдһţȻԵ̫
͸ݵס
̫ţϽ˳ȥ
ſƮƮģʵغżʮ
ںףնݳƵļҾһԾЧȡ
ʼһ֮󣬼ʮƺƵϾȥ
ϾʱѦѾڴ߹ӭˡ
һԱĸǷǳĲֻǿһ۾ʹѦ߹
Ѧ岢ûκεĲǸϽվ֮СĸһϾǡ
ȻصϾʱ㷢ɽʱٻĴȻµ޽
һЩ֮ĵ˵ͷʹ
ΰװȴǳļ򵥣ʱޣûнװΡ
̶̵ʱڽ޽Ҳǲˡ
㲻źۼضվѦ˵ͷǶĽ͡
ѦȻҲɫǰһȫķˡ
ǰߵ˱֮ϣ֮£±ߵϽ
һ£Ȼ˵
һֱ·֮ɨϣ˹ʹùһ񡣡
ʵʽ˵ôϾ
Ѿƽڶ·Ҳǽչ˳˺ݣֻʣ¸⡣
ǸĸѾľսĵףҪ׵ͶԱȫҸ
ôҲֻʣ·ûоȫˡ
վ±ߵѧʱҲڶڵϱȭ
£Ȼѳ΢ٴ£ȻɨϷ
΢΢ЦЦ̧֣һ¹±ߵѧȻ±ߵ˵
һѧͿ๦ߣϾϢһ£һϷķ£ǰøЩ˰ɣҲиĻᡣ
һ˵꣬±ߵ󳼣ĿվѦ塣
ѦѾߵͨ죬ͷͲ̧
ѧҲתͷ˿Ѧ壬Ȼҡҡͷվصڡ
֮ı飬ΪǸôգû˷Ĵ
һҪϣ·һԮŪùƴһƬ̶Ǹʱ鷳ˡ
Ѧ彫Ҳǿڶսѵ֮ϡ
ȻԼûбҪȨˣĻѦԺûٺЩ˲ˡ
Ѧ塣
ѦĺϽĳڵء
ĩڡ
һʮ£Ӧòٳʲô˰ɡ
ѦĵͷͲ̧ͷ۾
ĩһСĽٷͷ
ĵ˵ͷ֮֮˻Աߵ̫ࡣ
̫˫ƹ鰸ףŵѦǰ
ѦϽ̧˫й˻֮Сٴιݡ
֮ɫ鰸ǰվ±ߵ˵
մȫʤ»س䡣
±ߵλĵѾȥˣҲһЦݵĹάϱߵ㣬һʱ˵ǰ޹˺ߵĴۡ
ϷǳЩƨʵȻһƬı䡣
һѾȹ٣ϾҪ޵˵Ѿòˡ
ҹڴ֮ϰʢ磬ʼ䣬Ҳǿһҹҹöǳ졣
ڶ㻹ûʱѦѾʼǰˡ
Ѧһط˴òһ½Ļᣬ÷ǳĻҲ˯žأ⣬С
ҲôĻԣֻε̫๬Ůķ´֮ƫӼѦ塣
֮䣬ʹѦˡ
Ѧ뿪֮̾⣬ѧнӹ˱Ȩ֮󣬱ƺƵȻȥ
һ·֮ϣѧ֮ǰµĻѦչǳ˳
ֻ˰µʱ䣬Ǿ͹˰ϵı߽ϡ
ָʾͣ˽Ų
ʹҲѱ߽һͷİŵòᣬǲʹǰѦӪУ˹ƷԼʳ;
ѦΪҲЦŽЩ֮󣬰οʹ߼䡣
λʹŷĵ뿪
ǰȻûȫķ֮̾ɳһӴʹţŰϵĸֱ򱱽γΪ
Ǻ󻰣Ҳᡣ
˵ѦȻѾƽϷǲζսͽˡ
ΪϷȺɽ֮УȻڻЩ˲̣ܽʱĳɽϮٸʳֵѦЩͷ


692 ƽ
Щ壬ǰ԰ΪѦҲԳˣֻдһۣ
Ͼ㣬Ҳǹ˺óʱŽӵ۵ġ
ڵ㣬ɲº󻼸Լڽӵ۵ĵͷһʥּҪѦɣһҪЩ֪͢ϣӴ֮ʵʵΪ͢Ч
Ѧڽӵʥּ֮Ҳҵ̾ڵټʮ
Щ˴󲿷ֶǵصļҶҲһЩǿ׳Ի
ȻЩΪǰʮͿʼϷɽзӵȥ
ɽеȻ˵ǳս˵ʵǵˮƽǷǳ͵ġ
ûףеıҲ廨ţһѾոˣ⻹ǰġ
ûк֮ǰȻƽ˵·ǳټӦɽеɽԽƽء
ֻҪûģΧˣͨĵطԱǵۣûа취
һȴһˣǲҪʮ򵱵ɵҪԼʮװ
ֻǸտʼ˼̣ǾͶһƬʬ壬󲻵ò˻صɽ֮УʼѦλս
Щû壬Ѧտʼûа취
ϮĴ࣬ѦҲʼˡ
Ҳʼ£ɽе壬һ㷴ľš
Щɽебϵɽ£Щɽϵ׳Ҳʼʧȥ˺ڲ
Ȼǳɽ֮УܹҵһЩԵģϾǳԶ֮ƣϾΰֽεʣǻúɽµĺ彻
ûʳΣǾǳԵٱȵٺãʱƣǵҲɿ½
ʱƣǵսҲʼȥ
κһ֮УһЩߡ
Щ֮УȻҲ⡣
Ѧ֮£ļһЩ򵼣ȻЩ˵Ĵ£ѦĴֳʮɣʼɽɨ
һ򵼣Щɽе׳ǲûԭӶݣܿľͱѦץסβͣȻ˳ȻҵǵټҴ˼ʤ̡
Щ˲òһɽֵĸתơ
ɽ֮ԽʳﲻԽңóҰޱ鲼ǵӵˡ
Ҳ֪ȥµȴǵľ塣
ǲòɳʹǰѦӪУҪѦ̸С
Ѧ屾ΪҪͶģǳ˵ؽӼʹߡ
ʹһڣѦ˸
ԭɽϵЩǿʵ̫ơ
ǾȻҪѦ˱ҽɽе彻ǹӴ֮ÿǽһʳڰİա
ΪرֻǱ͢
Ѧûк̸еȤˣֱӾͽЩ˸ϳӪ
֮Ѧ̾ˣҪЩһɫǷЩҪĻ롣
һѦȴûԭ˳
ԭǰ˫ͻʱеʦûв뵽С
һѦȫˣЩʦΪѾıԵų
ѦһԵѾЩʿˣǸַʤĹƳ档
֮⻹СھӪ֮ǻʱ׼˶ɡ
һֵѦĴĻ̻̣Ҳʼˡ
Ѧ岻òʱ˳ɽ֣֮󣬿ʼٴдţǰʿǰ
㱾ΪѦǳ˳Щ壬û뵽ԷˢӣȻȷ漸ʮסˡ
ǰȥԮС£ȻԳ֣Ͱһеиɹá
ɹȻҲЩʦǷ
Ÿɴ˸Ŷ֮󣬸ɱɳһЩСΪȫǰ置Щʦ֡
ЩɵĵӪ֮Ѧİ֮·ֳ˼ʮɣʿǾ½ɽ֡
ЩɵľӢӣЩʦЩˡ
ǵķһЩЩȻǱ仨ˮܿҲѹȥ
˴ʱЩ֪Ѿƾûκΰ취ٺͳ͢ԿˣΪܹȥֻǽȫЭ
˵ٴɳʹȷӪʱһǵ̬ȷǳĶǳֻҪܹȫ壬ǶԷ
һЩʹģЩʹ֮⣬˴Ľ鱦Լϡ䡣
Щ֮⣬ǻһλŮӡ
λŮһֱǴɴʹˣѦ֪һλϡŮ
ŮһʥŮһֱɽǰ¶档
һΪ壬λʥŮҲǱԼ뷨ѦӪУԼ׸Ѧ塣
ƾԼɫѦԣȻԼܹصĴ
ܵĻƾѦڴγ͢еԼһЩõĺô
ŮӣǰѦȻܹԼ̬λȨأλ󽫾ѾЩԾɫˡ
Ѧı䣬ҲںƲ
ڵѦλʥŮ
һ˳ˡ
ЩĸǷ߳ɽ
ѦҲε񣬿ʼŴ·Ͼ
һ·磬üˡ
µʱѦأһ·ûи±ߵһ
ʱȻ緢·һЩʤ㣬ҪԵʥŮ۹һ
ȵѦ»صϾǣǰʱȻһȦ
ڴ֮ϣŹ±ߵѦĵͷ
⵹ǣһѦͣǶѦڻ·ϣɽˮʾ⡣
˵ʲô
˵ѦѾû˸տʼԼսʱȫĳˡ
Ѿƿ£±ߴִƱȨЩļɵ㣬Ƿǳõһ
±ߵЩǶѦôԼûʲôòĵˡ
뵽֮㲻뵽Ͼеѧ
ѧھȻʼЩ޼ɵİ
Ҳֲ
ǲ·ͳ˧УڻŵҲֻһˡ
ıѾԽùڰ·ϾͲˡ
ˣѧΪѾ󽫵ͷһݶˡ
ȻʱȻǹһǶЩ󽫣Щۣĵǳ⡣
Щ඼ĸмʱǱ㲻㱧Թ
Щ˲ͣĽԣĶѧҲʼǳķС
һؼѦĹ˳ʶȤȻѧİ衣
ѧϾйټΧ˹ƵʱҲǳ˴Ҳûа취ûɵ£Ͷгͷ
Ͼ⣬ȻǰĴ󽫿ۣҾ⵱ѱɫ
ڵϾڴ֮ϣΪѦйĽʿ칦
ڴ֮ϣǶѦͣѦȳԼµͷһԱ󽫡
±ߵѧѦЩӣоЩˡ
˵ô˳һµĻʲôʸҵǰţ


693 ؼ
ڱ֮ϣ±ߵǿһ
Ը⿴ġ
Ҳ±ߵЩһһŶ֮󣬶Լв
á
ʼϾ˼죬ְϷ֮󣬾Ϳʼؾǡ
һһ·˳һЩĳ;棬»ص˾ǡ
ĴҪӽǵʱ򣬽ƴŶԼٹԵʮﳤͤӼݡ
ԶԶľͿƺͶվ·ߣ΢Ц֡
Ͻ߶ս飬Ƶԣ֮
ʱѾŶӹڵء
ǰһϽĽƷֿ֮ŻЩ׾Ķӣ϶ǳ谮Цݡ
ǰһһӾͰѶӱ˻У֮ס
ǱĺӸˣСͣŶӡ
ɲô㣬ȻǴǰȥϼ˼¡
ֱ۸ˣŷ
վԱ߿ԸӵĻϵЦݸӵֹסˡ
㱧Ŷӣ׼кҽǣͻȻ֮ʲôҿ˿Ȼʽơ
Ѿôû
֣üͷ壬ϺǷһƣܿģ»ָ˲õЦݡ
ûʲôѾӸոҾڹϢˡ
Ѿˣ¶˾ϲ
кŮôû
ЩߣɫƽĻش
ĸƽһк˵ûΪұµ飬
֮ĬĬĵ˵ͷǲЩ֮󣬾죬˵Ĵӵ֮򾩳Ƕȥ
һ˵ʹ֮˽Ǳ
㻹ԭøԼĶӣԱһ
һؿûλˣֻվ
ǰԸһڱԱ߸һλǽ첻֪ôˣһ㡣
±ߵ䰴Ķվ֮һϱ߹򵹣ߵ֮֮ꡣ
ƽɡ
±ߵλŸվվԡ
ڲ֮ϣЦЦ֮˵
һǳ˳ƽϷң̫ƽȹͲС
±ߵλǾƵģϱߵݡ
ȲҾӹⶼǱ˳ᢣðգŴ󹦸ɡ
ҲЦݣ˵ͷ֮˵
Ȼ˵Ȼй͵ġ
˵֮Լ̫ʹһɫ
̫Ͻһʥּ֮󣬵
ǳļ򵥣һԼĹͣͬʱ˳һ±ߵЩ󽫡
֮ǸЩ󽫵ķˡ
Ĵ󽫰չ˵˵ٽһܹ⹫ˡ
һطǳģֻǸںĻϣּٻ⻧
±ߵλ󽫶ķͲûκεĲ
ΪһҺüζҪû㣬Щ󽫿˹ֲͣãöԴ
Ϊɣɢˡ
ʵ±ߵĴ͵һ仰ˡ
Դһ뿪սѾóʱûм޶ˣһغò׻ؾȻǹƼ
ɢ֮ڽƵ֮£󹬶ȥ
һ·˲û˵
һֱǬ幬ԼԵ̫ഫּ
öѾǬ幬
Ǹ̫һֱң֪еתȥּ
ʱƸϽǰһס̫࣬Ȼͷ˵
£Ѿʱ䷸˹棬Ұ乬
֮ɫʵ
ʲô
ޱ˵Ŀ𳤣Ŵεĳײ
һüĿ˽һۡ
ԭǰǺ˵ʱ򣬴áȹٷǷơ
һô˵ȷԼڹеĵλ
ĵ˽һ֮󣬱㲻ٿԼԵ̫˵
ּ⣬ѾٵǬ幬
̫һزƣǡ⡱뿪˱
ȵ̫뿪֮ŶվԼԵĽ˵
һĸĸ£Ҫ֮
˵仰֮۾ʼȻ˵
ѾһĺӣҪңѾûЩԣչҵʳӣûжģǸˣ˳ݺ顣
ҲŭҪ㼸䣬վԱߵݺϽƵӡ
ƺǷӦƵģ˿ȻǱһӻǿѹȥһ˵
£һҿǲܣ¿ˡ
¶ЦݣԽƷȻ˵
֪ܸģĪɣӽԺҪమ¶ˡ
˵⵱ڣһĽŲ֮ͿһصŮӣһӤҴҵĽ˴
ŮӲˣǶѾ
ǶѾ˴Ǻݺݵĵ˽ƣһ֮Ͼͷ˱ݣȦҲʼᡣ
֮ҴҵԣһӾͿϣ֮еԽðԽࡣ
֪һˣæڶѾģǶİο
ʱ򣬶ѾеĺӺǱˣ˺Ŀ
ѾʱŷӦϽĺ˵һȻ󽹼ĿԼеӤ
ҲͷǺ˵СϲҲЦݡ
Ѿû£ŷµģȻ̧ͷ˼Ŀһ¡
ӴӳûأҪҲһ
˵⻰Ѿͽеĺ˵ݡ
æĽӹӣƿúЩòˣԱոհĺӣһο
һЩæˣҲ֪ô죬ðվԵĶѾ
Ѿʱ϶ЦݣиղǱ˵
ûǰ㣬ЦŶȥοӡ
ǸСҲӦĻټϿĸһֱվԣҲ˿գź۾ǰˡ
һֱԵʱʱҲǰһҪһĵܵܡ
̫СʹǵŽżҲӤӣ˼ת
Ķ㲢ûֹǰӵ˵ͣӤյǰ
Ÿ˵¶Цݣ֮һָֻ˴Ӥӡ
ǸӤһؾȻûпͷתתֻ۾һ߿˿֮ǵĵһ¶Цݡ
㿴ӸӵĻϲˣԼӻǷǳԵֵġ
ϣԶమķִ֣ͬｭɽ
վĽƺͶѾϣȴûЦݡ
ֻһ۾ͲǰȥŹˡ
ԭʱ㲻ڵʱѾͬˮˣǽ̫ռϷ磬ǿеĽѾ乬
ǽ֪ԶѾںͽѾˡ


694 Ԥ
죬ڹдϯһظԼЩϳǶӵİο
µƽĶ»ָƽ
һЩ廹Щ֮⣬Ĵγһһƽ
ĴڣЩ屻εѹסͲһ̧ͷ
ֻǰǱԼʵ֮Ÿٴ̧ͷ
ھǵĻʹ֮УеĹ˴һ¡
һµУѵõ֮
ƺͶѾ˺ǴĬǰ˱ֵþһԽûһ
Ҳֻ㿴ĵط˲Žмҵ
ʵǵĶǿһһֻ۱һֻֻۣҪ˲ֵù֣ҲͲֹ͵ڻʹ֮еĿϷˡ
ʱúܿ죬ܿľٽˡ
ʱҲĽеȨ¸˽ơ
ȫµ۶ڽƿ֮󣬲Ż͵ǰ
ǽƺôҲǵɵĸˣĪĶҲиС
֪㽫Ҫõɡ
ӹߵĳɾͣҲɵļˡ
Ϊ֮ô죬ΪиУ֪ѽ٣ǰİš
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô뷨֮󣬽оȻһ˿ɡ
ؿڵһʯͷҪῪһ
Ѿһֻ̤ɵľ磬Ƿǳеġ
Ƹո뷨һ߾˸Ӧ
ֻ΢΢ЦЦҡҡͷ׵һߡ
Ϊ֪ޱͬ񣬴ٸԷɡ
˵ƺ˵ĽϣҲкܴһĽϡ
ԭȽᡣ
Ȼ뷨ôԼӦøѾ·ˡ
һƶȨѾӿ¾Ͳùˡ
ǰѶѾĴ򷢳ȥһ֮أҲԼĶ򰲣һЩҵ
ûǰʱѾԼͶѾĶΪ򰲡
ƵĶӽǴ˼Ǵ
ѾĶӽ򰲣Ǵϣƽƽȹһ
ȻѾ֣˽ߣ㻹ûиӷ
ҲЩò⣬֪ԼĶӷ⵽ʲôطĺá
˵ҪǷ⵽ԭشôڽ͢ͳοǴĲ
˵ҪǷֵ߽ЩʺĵطȥԼ᲻á
¶ˡ
æٹԼԵС̫࣬ķıź
ˢˢģдһʥּ
ʥּĴ˼ǷΪӴԺϮ档
֮Ҫ򰲷⵽ȥΪ֪ǿһƬ츮֮
ֻҪǷصõܹ֮ԭƱ仯
ҲԼҵһ֣ȵһ֧˥ܣԭȵʱһҰļҡ
ʱֲԼ˽ɽҪƷˣһ֧Ҳܹ¶¡
ʥּڶѾеĽҲõϢ
ƵʱģͰеӵˡ
ڽƵУγĽɽɶġ
ںö˶˵ıһȥȻ˵ƫԶ֮أȲԭķ
ǲôڵͼϿǶһطѽôûˣһۡ
ּ⣬Ҳûа취ˡ
ڸոսϵʱƾԼͨѹһͷĻڵһֻ־ܰѹˡ
ټ䶼һִֻģЩܹԼΪ㻹ϱء
ҪԼȨֻҪһʾ⣬ֵµЩǾͶԶԶ뿪ּſڶˡ
˵Щϵ˵ԼɹȥˣҲλȨأǶľηԼʥĸ
˲òѹŭŵȵѣµʱٸѾɫơ
ʵƲ֪͵ѾеģʥּԼĽӡһöССӡ¡
ССӡ㵱ܹʱڵǸʦ͸ġ
㷨ԽĸǿöӡѾûʲôˣȻǰԣСĵİ档
öӡ£ͬѾͨ
οöӡ㻹Щֽš
ֻҪѾһ֧ĺֻ޷ѣͿƾԼѪǿеļöӡ¡
ʱܴӾ֮ٻǹȿѡ
Ҳ㺦Լ֮ͨ޷ʩչŰѹһ˿ӡӡ֮ڡ
ǹɾ֮һoҪࡣ
ֻҪöӡڣôһ֧ܹĸ
һߣ㲻׼ʲôˣϾҪ˵Ƶķˡ
˵ģ˵ö죬ֻеɵУһɵķ
ܿ촺ھ͵ˣչأһٹҪ빬ףء
һҲĴϣ˽Ǳ
һǱϵλ˱仯
ԭȵʱΪ˽ϣֻڱһԡ
ǽ첻֪ô£㾹Ȼ֮ϣϵĻʵֻԱһСһŵΣĸױǶš
ڶѾĶ򰲣ֻһѽΣЩᡣ
ǹء
Ҫ˵Ѿǵϲˡ
ҲǿϼأԲܴǰĹأöѾҲڽǵϽܰٹٵĳء
ٹ꣬ߵ֮վԡ
ҲʱϽϿյŵĽ׼λһһ˵ϡ
ʱ͵һܣҲǣһӾŵ۹
ʱܸоõ
µɣԼɽҰЩ˵ˣ˵Ϲġ
ֻҪһܰЩǼ˼Ĺ񣬷
ɣһʱ䶯ҡǵĸҲܹǵѹȥֻҪ㲻ı뷨Ǽ궼ָ
ܵǿ֮е㣬һʱ侹Ȼ
ãһԵĽƿĲͷæһȻ͵ľüͷȥ
һüͷһ˲䣬͵塣
һ飬Ŵõǿ֮˹
ȻµƨɵµΡ
޵֮˳Ϊ˻ʣȻ
ղűϺΪ˴ţʵȴһ԰ʴꡣ
Ҫȥͻʱ˵þ
æĴվ
ܿľεķԼղŵĶ̫ͻأõµЩЩܲˡ
εЦЦ֮׼˵׻һΡ
ʱͻȻ֮֮ܲһ绮ա


695 ׽٣ϣ
һըס
ǺԽԽͣպ˺ҹ
һ¾վ±ߵЩû󳼣ҲЩͷˡ
ʱԱߵĽƺʲô̧ͷ˿֮һܵü˵ʲôˡ
ֻжѾоղԣҲʲôˣվŶԡ
֮һִֻϣĵ
Щͷһʲôʣҵ󡣡
⵹ǣѾΪԼͨԱӻ㣬֪
ȴһ
Ǿˣϵ
ҲΪʲôɺС˵֮УܽٵĺĻٱȥԭ
ѾҲԼ󣬶١
ôܹŮ˵ŮΪԼֵ޾׽١
ĻǽҵĶ׽٣ɾɣҲǲðл
ֻЦЦƿ˶Ѿ֮󣬶±ߵ˵
λ䲻ػţֻһЩСС٣һûз
˵֮ɫͱ
̾һתŽ˵
ӽִ֮ƴγĽɽ𢣬ֱӳˡ
վһ򸣣ĵ˵ͷȴһƬƽ
㿴ĽƣҲЩ
ͽʱǶôŨ⣬ôڵ˽ɽмһ¿ǽ
ھ뷴Ҳûʲôˣ̾˿ǰһƻе
ӣһûʵۣҪʧ
ҲоǰϾҪʧƵģСץסĸ첲ôҲɿˡ
ʱߵԽԽ죬һ磬Ѿͨڵյͨ
֪ԼٵˣĻҲס׽٣ʱ򲻹Լ±ߵЩԼԼ޶ҲҪꡣ
ǿ꣬ĸ첲Ὺ֮Ŀһ½ƺͶѾתȥ
ʱĽƺҲָһЩ飬Զȥ۽ǲһᡣ
Ϊ֪һȥǳɰܣ˶
վԱߵĶѾŽȻ˿ҲЩջ
Ҳ˲ýƣֻǺݺݵĵһۣ㱧򰲴Ҵҵ׷˳ȥ
ƻеʱҲʼҪƵĻ׷ȥ
ǽȴͻȻԼĻУô޷뿪
˺ĿСֲͣĴŽơ
ǼʹҲûЭô֮ᣬԶȥ㣬ıصȴһ̵ĵ
ʱ䣬ҲӦæһӵſڶȥ
ǸոյſڣȴֶѾĴһεǽʹ޺
ԭҲ֪ʲôʱεķӡκ˶޷
ֻվſڣվڹ㳡ϵ㣬ʪ·
ʱеҲԽԽ꣬һѾҪӽ塣
ȴվûʩչκεͨ
ΪڤڤһָоϲͣµȻܹһ˲佫ȫĻ𣬵Ҳ̺һûмĵϡ
һϣ
ʱеЩ׵磬Ҳ㹻
ͻȻһһ绮գյͨ
粢ûֹһֱ㳡еȥ
ӽʱͻȻ֮ϱŷһǰδеƣƲͣ
ԭڸղѾʼʩչΪǿͨء
һʱ㾳ĲͣѾͨ͸ˡ
ԭȵʱʩչͨ̾ͷŴ󣬱úǾһ
ʵֻǷصͨá
ڵʩչͨЧأԼΪһ塣
岢ûκεı仯ȴͣ
еǵ磬ʱҲѾͷ
ͻȻ񱻶סһʱѾֹͣ羹Ȼ˼ͣ˿С
ֻһ˲顣
ͻϰͷϡ
ֻôһͰ´촷ۣס
ʱ㣬ֻоڵЩ磬ͣƻԼľ
㲻ĿʼԼķҪ⡣
ǵȵķһӴ̾ͱͬˡ
һо;òá
ҪһֱȥôȵԼķľʱôͻ˳µĴݻ塣
̾˿͵һԼӡ
̾ͷųһ⣬⺮һ˲ֱʼеƴȥ
ԭвţҹǰѱ
ԴӸ֮󣬾ͷһȵı
ܹҷޱȣܹǧ֮ȡ˵
ܹ֮ôɵɣѱû
˵ؼʱ̣Ҳȥˣ񽣵ֵ١
ʱеڶ£ǰѱײһ
ֻһΪҫ۵Ĺâ֣ǰѱͻһ⣬ʧ֮䡣
ʱֻĿһƣžһѪ˳
ԭѱѾű׽Ҳˡ
Ѿһ磬ʱһͷϡ
һӵĿ񱩣һӾͰ˽ڣžӿ֮ڣһδɢһֵķ
ʱѾûǶվˣֻϥڹ㳡֮ϡ
֪ҪԼٲ취Ļʱ򣬾Լ֮ʱ
ڵѾЩˣû뵽־Ȼǰķֺͻٱ
˵ֻǵɵ㣬ǳɾɵλˣҲֵסٵĹ
յʱеһ
ôһӣͱ˷ĩʱҲ֮С
ʱȻʧȥ壬ȴоԼһǰδеɡ
Щڵʱ֮У
ʱֻһ˲͸оʱԼγȵĲͬ
ԭȵʱȻҲͨ꣬γľ
ʱ㣬оľάʱʲôͬ
ڵȴһǰδеĸо
γȲͣļһǰδеĹҲ˳
ԭԼڵɵʱȻܹάռ䣬ҲŪһЩ
ֻƾԼǿеʹá
һָоֻҪһЩĹȥδͶԼǰܹԤȥδһЩ顣
ЩԵʱǵĵҲ
ǿҲѹ
ǰδе֪Ҫٲ취Ҳסˡ
㻹һУǾٻ޾ռеĹǰ


696 ׽٣£
ֻһ˲ԥͿʼάеĹ
ʱھеĹͬǰһԼľ
ｲ컨׹ͻȻ֮͸оһ磬ɨ壬ȻĴһս
Ҫ֪Ѿʮˣֻһܳɾͷ֮
£ȻܴսɼǶôĹ졣
˹òֹ֮ͣǣάȣʼ۲ȥδ
ֻɫԽԽ࣬˺Ȼࡣ
Ŀʼſά֮άȥ
޾Ľ֮Уڻʹ㳡ϣѾ׽ٴ˷ĩѾ˳
˴ʱظеһϲ⡣
ϲ⣬ܿľͲıɢˡ
ԭʱѾ˹֮Уǿǰȥ
̾һҪ֪ȻʮҪ࿹⣬Ҳ׶༪١
ҲһδԵܹɹ׽٣ʱɾɣƿǸҲܹ˳ƿһɾͷ֮
һϵ޾άеɢ޾Ļš
Ҳʼٴεάʱľͷ
мųά֮С
һڰάȣ⼸һҫĿռ䶼˹ȡ
ʱſʼҵĶʲô
ִµʱһǿɨάȡ
⼸žֹͣˣִǴһ¡
⼸˸ԷųɫĹââڿռ֮Ϊһ壬֮ͿʼٵĽά
ֻһ˲Ĺ˹ľ֮â뵽֮С
ʱĹҲ˱仯
ָֻʾһ˲䣬ͻ˽ɫͬʱ͵͡
žһɢ˳ֻһ˲ҫ硣
Щ֮⣬һЩϸ΢ı仯ǾǹҲľ
Ƿʮࡣ
ԭǼλѾʩչͨùʱӵ˷ӵ
Ҳ˫Э
Ȼе̵ļλùɾͷӣѾǳΣˣƾŹķ޷࿹⡣
еԭǼλѾоˣڶʩչ׽٣һηˡ
̺ǳǿ󣬻Ĺӳ֣һֵܹġ
ŲòʩչͨǿеĽλ̧һء
ҲֻʱģȵʱһҲصʵĵλ
Թ˵ҲһδĽֻҪܹסƾһʱɾͷʱĸӦҲܹܿٴ½׷֮
ǹʱɾͷ֮ͨ̾ͱ޽硣
ֻ΢΢һЦ忪ʼ黯žʧ˾֮С
ʱڹ㳡ϵѾΣʱ̣ԭǵĵѾ֮ϡ
ҪڻǷͨڼӳֻ֣ôһͽ
Ҳʱλոճɾ͵ĹĶ档
ǿĿһۣǰĹ
ͻһ⣬˹֮С
ʱôһ֣̾ͱѹȥʱѾӹ˹塣
̺ŵףʱԵͣһ¡
ܿģʹµһ磬ء
ڽٴ˹ͷ
һȴûжҡĹһ˿һ
ֻϷų⣬Щڵһеֺ޷塣
ֻǽɵķܵĹâĲһ£㻯ɵޡ
ʱһʼϸϸ߹塣
Ҫ˵ǰҲΣһоǰ췭ظĲͬ
ΪʱоԼ޵طŴֻһ㽫ȫɨһ顣
ܹʱĳӣܹʱĳ֮вŪȥδ
ҪǣںѾԽ޾γȵϣ䵽˵λ档
λǰĹȥδһ˲ȫ۲쵽ˡ
ƽпռ֮Уʱ㣬еڵĺ͸ĸ޶һ
еѾǷϲ
еķһΪ˸ĸ
֮ܶͬһ˲ͻȻĸоʲôһ̧ͷȻ¶
Щһ΢Ц֮ʼʧȥĺδʷ֮С
׼ٽЩ޾δȥԼȫ£һʱ׽ٴγˡ
׽ٱһοֻ࣬ôһ£Ͱٴδһ󲨶
Ҫȡ޾ΪȥδλԼļƻ׽һţǹһ
ڸλ㣬Ҳһ¶˱ɫ
ӹ˹㣬ȴûκεһ˿Ĳ
ֻ˫ĿٷŴ޾ʱյʼ뵽Լ֮ڡ
ֻôһڵĹͷγһƬơ
׽ʱҲѾ£֮ϡ
ֻôһֵܹ鱦ƾͱɢˡ
ŵߵ׽ٱѸײڶ֮ٴ¡
һûйʩչͨˣɴǵķ֮֮ϡ
ֻǷ֮ҲâڶȻƿһӡ
ȻɫѪҺǸһΡ
һѪҺֻһ˲䣬뿪˷ӵ˴֮ϡ
ǴϱðĽ⣬֮г˽ɫ
Щֻͣһ£Ϊһ壬֮㽫֮
ʱڰ˵һ¡
һصǰߴԵĲͬ
һصķ֮ϣûнκεĲ
ǾʱоԼǰԼλ㣬еһ֮ӿ
ķ֮ϵĹâЩ֮һմȾҲʼһαð
ʱƣϵĹâȫĵȥֻ޾ĺڰԼ֮
ʱоڵķ֮Ҳ޾ķҲʼʧ
Щ֮ĥķ֮
֮һĥ֮Ҳʼϡķֻ֮еӰ֮Ҳûټ
ʱǵھŵҲˡ
һӰûԭء
ҲģʱһӾͱˡ
һѪ
֮ķ֮㿪ʼһĹѣҲ޷ӻꡣ
ʱ겻ò˷֮֮С


697 
ԭ񣬾˼׽ٵϴѾͨ͸ޱȡ
ͬʱԪ֮ϣһԭûеĹڲͣ
Ҳʱǵھŵ̺Ƿ֮ϿʼӵԪ֮ڡ
ʱָоһǰδеʹԪ֮ӿ˳
ʹͲǳܹģǧлҪʹ
ڵҲòʹĺС
ĺУͰԭһοʼƮɢ
һĽһȥ
ۿԭ֮ͱľֻһ֮
Ҳʱ׵֮Ǻľˡ
ͬʱ֮зһɹɵˡ
ԭȲٿһӾͱ˸ˡ
޵ˣо֮Ƿһ֪ı仯
Щ޵ʿڸо̺һ˵ĸҡ
Щһֱվ˵޵ʿоһĻš
ʱһϿգ˵Ĳϼ
žһĽ⣬ǻһƮƮĴ֮¡
¶֮еǵ⣬Щϼһգ¸һĹʼ֮Ͼۼ
ֻգۼĹ»ָԭȵģ
ʱ㣬ȴǰȫĲͬˣϤ˸оڵԭԾˡ
˺һ۾ĮĿ⿴˿·Ĺ
֮۾ƿڰ֮б׵ģѾЩѵķ֮
Ƿ֮еһ½ӹ壬ǿЦһ£˵ͷ
㲢û¶κεĸмɫǶǷ֮ĵһ¡
ֻôһ£ޱȵ꣬ʱȫıˡ
Ǿ˽ӹܵķ֮ʱҲʼųĹ
ֻһ˲䣬ȥǰȻǾ֮
һԼţžʹַ֮ɳһԪ
һصԭǰֳǹǲһˡ
ԭȵʱǹȻ˵Ǵ֮ڱ˳Ҳһ֣ռ֮ʱԽԽѾһЩԼ˼
ΪԭȾһҪѵķ
ڵȻ˵Ҵûбѹ˼ѾɱȻǲģ˳Щ˥ʱֱꡣ
ڷֳ˿Ԫ½ӹ˹
һоԼ͹ȫϵһ𣬲ĺǣ㶼˲Ľӹž
ǰʱǿǲһ
ǿֳһ˿ӹ˹ʵȫɱһʽԭѾһָӵ翵ľ硣
־֮£ֿͲֿȫûʲôǼʹǸλҲͬΪһ塣
Ȼ˵±ƿˣȷʵһЩ˺ֻһͷʧλ棬»صľ֮ȥˡ
ֻһ˵վ֮У±ߵı֮п˿мȻŽƺĶ
ڵſڵĶѾĶƽῴе㡣
ڵһвûκεĲž̧ͷա
֮Уһͣٻ㡣
ҲûκεĳɣһͿʼٵ֮зȥ
գ֮䣬һϼ½סֻ֮һ˲䣬ʧλ档
ȵٴγֵʱǰֳһƬ޵Ŀռ䡣
Ƭռǳ֣ȲǴάȸߵȼάȣҲǴάռ䡣
Ҫ˵Ǵάά֮Ŀռ䣬зȫĲͬ
ռ֮㣬оռһɽܵϵͬʱͨռ䣬Կһһ
ʱо֮УһǰδеԼøС
ָоܿľͱѹĵףΪоռôĿտ͹¼š
һ⡣
ֻֻۣ۾зųһĽ⣬ƿλϣֱһС֮С
Сĺɽ֮ϣһһЩڻ
ڻ֮мһģˣڸ±ߵھ
ڻϵиӦƵģ۹ϣ̾ͷ˱仯
оǰδеΣҪٵϡ
ڻϵϺУ̾жҪƮڻԶ
ǻûκεĶͱһֵĹ֣ǰ֮УʧĿռά֮ڡ
ʱռеʣ¶һ˿΢ЦţǴڻһ֡
ǱǽϵıڻʱͻȻķųĹââǳĽ⣬߲ʵɫ
Щ߲ʵĹâڻϳǽڣȻ֮УȻգۼͷλ֮ڡ
㿴ǰõĻ棬ЦЦ֮һռ֮ھһɹɵĹڻ֮ϡ
Ǳڻֹļӳ֮¿ʼ
ûж೤ʱ䣬ڻͿʼ͵£žʵֻǼĹͻΪʵ
ڻϵЩеĻ˽׵ʿڴӱڻ֮Ϸǰڵء
ŮʱҲʼƮƮģʼɵĵ
ֻǻ˻֣Щʿ»⣬Щĸոγɵ칬
ʱǿʼγɵ칬ȥܿľյŦ
һΰıڷĹâ
һҶⱦشϣдĸ֡徻
㿴ĸ֣ü֮һ䣬ȻҶϵԱ㷢ı仯
ԭȡ徻ˡ
һˣ߽˿յı֮УмλȻ˹ȥ֮ǻƽ͵ȵڱ֮ϡ
ڱ֮ϵһ˲䣬涼ʼ
޾λ֮УoҲʼȫѡ
һѹ͸оԶλһռ䣬ٻǡ
Щ˲ɣһ⣬⴦ռ֮С
һλ֮ǸֹâճأĹڲͣײĿռ䶼ʼ
ڱ֮ϵԣһкǲƵģ㶵￴ЩoǸͨ
ԭЩoֻռ䣬Ͼ͸о˷ʲô£һϲ
ΪǶȹ˽ѣԴµʥˡ
ΪƵɣҲо⴦ռѾˣռ˺ǳΪЩ˵ͳ졣
ЩƵôܹ̣
Ҫ֪ԭȵʱ򣬾֮еʴҲǰģοһոճɾʥС
Щ˲ŸͨĿռҪһɫơ


698 
ʥƣüȻһֶֻռһ¡
ֻһ£칬ͷ˾ҵı仯Ĺ򣬴֮£ʼЩʥϵ
ЩʥǸоͷˣǸϽռԼϵĹâͬʱԼķҲ
ǾҪӻصԵγ֮С
Ǵ֮ӿĹȴǽ˵ء
ҸҪǣά֮һͿԽάȽ䵽ǰ
Լǰʱ򣬾͸оһɴԵˡ
ʱһ
ԭǰһžᡣ
žѾƽƽ棬ûκεԶ
ռ䣬㼸˵ˡ
ƾԼռգоǰžʥޱȡ
Լռ֮ʱҲоҪһͷ
Լǳ׽ûκεΣգһ
̽Ե֣ǸᣬȻԹԵС
ֵһ˲䣬ˣᵽʲô
ԭԵģǡ񡱡
ԭһֱƿأڲ֪ô£Ȼ۵ģԼǰ
һüܿľչˣڿɲⶫǰ˭ģȻԼУǾԼķ
֣հһ£̾һ֮£֮ڡ
Ƿһ£һ޵־
Цһ£Ȼ񣬽ſ˿Щʥ
־÷ٴοʼģϿա
֮һĹֻһ˲䣬ɨա
žһ޵Ĺ֮в֮һʥ֮ڡ
ЩڵأҪ뿪ʥҲоͷˡ
ǸоԼѾЩˣҪo֮
Щoǻ࿴˿̾˿
ָоǰҲйǷҪǵ֮ٻһ˿꣬ڷϡ
ڷ챦Ǹûκεֿ
ֻǷſԼĿơ
ȻǷſƵһ˲䣬ǵͷɳ塣
ɳ겢ûͶȥǸоһ˿ʹžһ˿걻˳
Щ鳲һȥ
Ƿͷų˵Ĺ
ֳ˸oԼλ
֮˹âµ䣬صС
㱧ŷ񣬿˿±ߵЩo꣬һ֡
ЩѾo֮꣬ڱ»ع鱾λ
Щoʵˣһ·֮һ
֮Щ˶ڱ֮ϣƺء
ˮһһ˿
ôƴΪʲôΪһ̡
ʵԼԸɾʥͬ٣زϡ
ոշһЩʱ֮Уһǿ־ͻȻ֡
־һ֣̾͸Ӧλãһ˲ƾڵĿռ䡣
ЩڳĸoҲ־ǳϤ
һ¶˾ȵı飬Ƕ־о˼
־ոյһռ䣬ĿռͿʼ
ųĹҪռ䣬ȡռĿȨ
oǳǿֻǼĹ򣬾Ѿ˴Ĺ
ϵ㣬ͻĹҲֵЩĪ
ܿľˣʲôˣȻҪȡԼĿռ䣬ôҪۡ
ֻ㣬ӻһͣͳǱ⡣
ɾˣʥȼҲࡣ
ټռ伸˵㿪ٵģܹʩչΪǿ
ֻⴵĿžͰ˳ȥ
Ǳһ뿪ֱ㻯һһ£ͷɳ˱ֱе־
еʥڷֻһһɢ֮ϡ
һž˳
ϵ㣬ʱʶѾ鲼Ŀռ䣬Ȼ˵ûۿǶзһȴǶۻ
ɵ־ƣǰһͬСɡ
Ҫ㣬оŨŨΣгǰ
ҧҧü֮±ߵʥȥ
ЩoǱ㿴Щ䣬ΪҪȥս
ֻǿȺеλŮɡ
ţ֣Ůɻоһ
еһŮɷһȵĽҪְסǽ⡣
ǽȴкֱӵľͷɳĻУȥ
һӣһѽɫļǰ
ԭѼԵģǽԼ
ŽԼ֮󣬿Уǻڲͣʴռʥ־
΢΢һЦͽԼ˳ȥ
ǰѼģͷ֮Уžͻ
ĲƣŷŹ֮£ǹ־ȥ
־ڷĽ𽻼ҲЩùͷֻԱ߶ȥ
Լ־ôڽԼĹΧ֮ڡ
־뿪Ŀռ䣬ĻͶ㲻𽻼һ
־Ŀռ䣬ΪľǶȡֳɵ칬
ʱҪ뿪ռ䣬ԺľҲûлȾָűˡ
־Ӳҧųһ⡣
һ뿪־ͻһɫľӡ
⾵ӷųһİ׹⣬еĽԼȥ
⾵Բɱ˶ĽԼֻ赲һ£žͻһǳɢĿռ֮ڡ
Ǹ־ѾĽԼʼҵҪͷԼͨ𽻼ڰա
Ǳ𽺼ס
ڴеһЦҪ÷־ȫɱ
ʱ޾ʱά֮УһӴޱȣϸС˫㣬ͣ
ǳìܣȴСְʵޡ
㲻ͣһ־λ棬֮С
һдá
ֻһ˲־˭ˣǺ档
λڵ˼ɲκεΥһУǽԼǹ־µصС
Ǹո־ҲֳΡ
ֻۣͷᣬˣǰ칬֮ϵۡ
λԭһֱǱʱյһɾɣȡλ֮λ
ôʥȻԭһΪȻޱߵ¡
λȴһѵ㻹ܰѱø
ΪһߵλòϾҪɾ֮ʱ򣬳Ŀռжȡλ档
ɹˣҲò䣬λǰ𣬾ܹƾĿռ䣬һγɾϵۡ


699 Ĩɱδ
ϧǺãǻһ÷סʥ
ܹͨʥķͷλ˿ͷ
Ǻֹ͹Ҫڻ֮ˡ
֮Ŀռ֮ڳһͨͨ쳣ֻһ¾Ͱͨڣʧǰ
λˣȻǳģ׹һʯͷһ
ϵ۵Ǻͯ
һر£ûնݳҲԼ鷳
˼ǰ󣬹أʱ޾λ֮ڣһâ
âֻգۼĿռ֮ڡ
ֻͷڣȣ飬һһ
ߵЩ콫ûֹһͷ­˫ֺʮλ
λУҡڵ߽
ڱ֮ڣʥоȻ˵ĿԴ󣬾Ȼϵǰʧ
λУЩ˻ʶ
ˣǷ̵Ĺ
λ֮Уɾ֮ġ
ԨԴڱ֮λȻһִ칬λвߣŸ˹
һ¿кϷˡ
һλϵۣһµҪϱߵһλôá
Ҫ֪ϵۺ񱳺վź棬ʵ̬ȻͲЩϣ˵ʴҲǸ˾
ǹȴһվλĴ
еһλȴԻģҪǸҶλֽţ±λﲻŹ
λɵִ칬ܹ֣Ҳֵûͷλʥǰ档
׼վ￴Ϸʱ
λߵ˴֮ϣûʥݣֻĵ˵ͷ
Ҳվλ˵ͷ
ϴ΢Ц˫ֺʮ˵
Ѷղ
ҲһЦ
Ҷˣαؿס
˵仰֮󣬾˱֮ϣ֮ɫٴα
ʱ֮ͻȻһɻɫ塣
ֱһӾӿֱ֮Ĵ͹ڡ
Ѿɾֻ֮Ǳûʲô
ǹȴͬˡ
ֻǻɫ壬ոһӿ뵽֮ڣǹͿʼ͵֮ļҲʼ˽ɫ
ʱҲʶʲô˶˵֮һָһָء
ϵ£ΨҶ𡣡
ո˵仰һͣɶ
ͬʱ֮ϣų޾Ĺâ
Щâֻһ˲䣬Ͱ칬ȫ
±ߵʥڶѾɵˣû뵽ȻһλǵǰҪһɾ˷֮
ССһ˵ȴĺǡ
һܹɾͽɣӴ֮ͬ٣ͬԡ
޹նɷ𡣡
˵仰֮λҲתȥ뿪֮һ뿪ͥ
ڱ֮ϵ㣬ͨ͹ϵѾоһڲͣĿԽʱͿռ뵽Լ֮ڡ
ֻҪһܹȫĽùķ
Ȼиˣȴԡ
Ȼ˵飬ǼλĴûʲôܡ
ǰЩʥȴ֪ѽ
ֻҪܹܲƾҷԴεƿͥ
Ҳûк֮ǡ
ǾſƼĽ˼ԽԽţҲⲻҪ͵λһĩʱڡ
Ȼʱ仹кܶ࣬ȴܲ˼ɲԼҲϵһΪɥ֮Ȯ
̧֣תԼķͬʱͨѾ֪ȥĹеȫеָ֮ϡ
±ߵʥۼôǿҲ֪Ҫʲô
þһ㡣
֮вûзҵĲī֭ˮһܿľͱϡ͸ɾ
㲢ûзȻڹľȫҪԼС
ԭҪƾһ֮ıĹӽ֮ҲѧԵ
Ȼ˵ôİ˵ǴʧǶĳɾɵ˵ȴǴ󸣱
ˣһֱλ۲ļλޣһĻǶ¶Цݡ
ݵԭҲܳ
ǹģǻģȻǲԳ֣ǵͽͽڶࡣ
⼸λ޽ɻ࿴˿֮󶼱۾ֻһ˲䣬ǵʹĿռʱ䵽˸ʱյͽͽϡ
ϵЩʥҲӵ⼸λд
Щʥһ֮󣬾¶ϲɫ֮һϥ
ֻһɹɵĹ֡
Щһɢ֮УΪһ壬֮Ļһ㡣
ʥйԼĺϳɣֻֻ˸һ£ͿԽʱպͿռ䡣
˳ͨһӾʹ뵽֮С
õļӳķܹ뵽һ޵ֳʵĿռ֮ڡ
Ȼֻǿһۣȴ񿴵޾δ
Щδɡ
ָĻС
ֻǿһ۾;ͷͣͬʱоԼҲҪڻ޾Ĺȥδ֮С
Һ㻹Щѣ֪ԼҪٲ֣¾Ҫ뵽֮ˡ
ҧأ֣δĿеһĨȥ
֮ڣһ־ȻĶ
ɶûֹ㣬ǽķ뵽֮ϣǿƼδĨɱȥ
ͿʼǿƼδģʧˡ
һ֮оԼԽĻҵæҪ˳ⷽռ䡣
Ȼ˵Ѿɾⷽϵۡ
֮Ȼϡ
Ҳ˲ˣֻܿԼڻ
Ȼ˵Ǹ㣬ڻԼ˵Ǵ𺦡
ǲ֪Ϊʲôȴоһǰδеã»صĸ׵Ļ֮һ
øѹԣķ
һ˼ϾҪٵʱһɹЮס˼룬Ȼ˺һӽƳĿռ䡣
ȵٴ۾ʱ򣬷Ѿ»ص֮ϣǱ֮ϡ
ϵʥվ±ߣó羴۹⿴㡣
ǸտʼʱֻڷǿĻôǾǴĵϿλϵۡ
Ҫֻ֪ǸոյõϿɳΪϵۣʱȻΪܣķȴǳϡ
ƾ΢֮ȻҪ۸ʷҪǻɹˡ
ƾһλʥ˵ǵĴˣҲǷ޾
ֻҪ壬Щ˼ʹ˷ҲԶ޷ġ


700 
ƣְ̧˰ڡ
λʥ鱾λ
һԸ±ߵλʥվ֮󣬻˵Ľ⣬뿪
ʱĵϿյĻͻᷢ˸һĹâ
Щâʧ֮ϳһЩǰûгֹǳ
ЩǳһʼŹһ˸ǵ⡣
Щ޵ʿΪеġ
ֱӸϵЩâһ뵽磬˸ص
̺ķҲʼ
ĳ֣ڱģڱࡣ
رһλɾ͵ɵʿǸӵС
ֻǰһţֻҪǰ缸ܿżһ˼ľ硣
Щ֮⣬һطıҲʼҵ
ǿһɽ
ɽȻγɵģǰͻȻ˵±ѹż֡
ɽҲʼ±ңҪῪɽ
Ҳʱһֻɫƴ֮˽ֱӵľѹǸɽ֮ϡ
ѾʼζĸɽֻƵѹһƽ
ֻڸɽƽ֮󣬲û̵ĳȥָףеĴָϻһ£žһɫѪҺָ뵽ɽ֮ϡ
ѪҺ룬ʼ͵ıһһ߻£
Щܹγһɱ֮ͣĥŴɽ֮ʮ
ڷһУ֮ϣȻܹۻ
ղֻɫƣҲ㶯ͨѾ뿪쳯ȥĹ֣ѹ˴ɽ֮µɧ
Ҫ֪ɽѹŵЩǸŸΪǳɾ͵ɵĴܡ
ķǳ»ص֮У㣬ڴγ͢ǴĲ
ų֣ѹסɽЩոһ˿ܵĸλܣ±ѹȥ
ô죬ҲǸԼƹˡ
֮۾ٿ顣
ôһΣͥ͹ȥˣʮĹ
һͻȻ̫׽
£˷ܵظλ˶гͻ
üõִͥǶڵؽȴûʲôõİ취
Ͼܵظݻⷽ羭ݻγɵġ
ƾͥڵʵҪѹܵظҲǾ֮͡
㲢뽫ʵ𣬱ϾǴ£ǵѾ뵽˷档
ҪǾôˣЩϧ
ٴζ
һǰ
ԭһǿнĿռ䣬޸ʷδ
Ȼ˵˾޴˺ҪаصһͳҪڻ֮С
ΪɽѣڳʱҲմȾ
ʱصģ뵽֮䣬һЩͨʥ޷쵽顣
Ȼ˵޷Ǽλһ޵Ľ֮ǳǼλܣڵҲվϵˡ
ǹ֮ͨ
ֻһ˲ĵؽ硣
һոɵɽɽһλΪڽڷ𷨡
ͻȻֹͣ˽΢ЦԱŵͷӡ
ĻԵˡ
ͷֻһȻ֪ôģͻȻ˷˼
һȻͳĬ
ͷӳӣ̾һ
նʹͣθƴǣ
ͷ̾һվ˷ǰ
֮ϥзԸ
δ֮񣬲ɷӡ
ˣɷӡ
磬ߣδɷӡ
⼸Եķ꣬иУžͽһƹ⣬뵽ͷӵ֮ڡ
ͷҲ˱仯ԺҲ˹֣ɾ֮
֮⻹һ޵Ĺϡ
֮ϣԸҲò̾
գдƹ
Ǹոճɾͷӣȴ¶˳֮ɫ
±ߵһ龰ҲͷԵİѡ
Ҫ֪ڵλλĴԸزֱĩҲûгɾͷӡ
ΪĺԸ̫ѾΧԼʹǿ󣬳ɾʮ֮ҲܿһΪ©
ͷԵģ͵λزǺơ
µȴûһ԰οϾѲƶЩȻûһ죬ɾ֮ǰ·ûжϾȻлɾͷӡ
ϾڿǷոյλЩľȻǻڶ࣬Ȼû˿ǵ֮λ
мķٴοס
뿪ʦ塣
˵֮һ̾һͨͨһ͵λ档
֮һ뿪ոճ͵ɽһ䣬ûһ˿˿ůĵط
һһ˴ϵĹͿʼƬռ䡣
ķ򣬺λɭķȫģЩɭķӦÿʼų
ǣ벻ǣЩɭķһӴ壬̾Ͱ
ԭ֮ڣһǰδеĹ򣬿ʼߵ
ɹ򣬰Щɭķ֮ڵķͷΪһ塣
ܹλеķѹλеĲ
ԶסܵظĽ
ظ֮ڣԵظйͷȫһӡ
ƾͷֻǿһɽ¡
Ŵ֮ʼųŸɭķ
ЩҲûеֿʼ˳Ź֮ȥ
󣬶Ȼɽ£γһƬСС
һôĶܵظĸ·ȻǷˡ
ǵȵҪʱȴǹֱӾͽеķȫա
һ£Щ˿ɽµλɲܹģһ˲˻صԼϳ֮У˵ˡ
ͷȻѹסĵظչͥƹܡ
ظ֮ڻǶһȨˡ
λظ֮߸ϵ㲢ûзԣµҲû˵ˡ
Ͼڵʥһ֮ޱߵĿ֣ܵظȥƹ˾飿
λظ֮ѡʵѾ˴㡣
֪˻ǲɵõģⲻҪعظ
Ǹʱ򣬲ʹмѡһظ֮
һĻʹǼԼ˥ܣⲻ
ƾظ֮ҲԼĻһӵĵط


701 Ȩı
ոѹܵظ칬е͸оһӵϡ
ԼȨһ졣
һֻҪԸ⣬һۿͥ˼䣬ظ
˴ʱⷽĻͻϵۡ
ʱǿĿ磬ֻҪǲǼλԿôܹһԶ֮¡
ƽ㣬й鿴˼Լ׾ˡ
Ҫ֪عѶ칬һ죬˼һꡣ
ָͥдʮ죬˼Ѿʮˡ
ǴγͷһλʵۣĶӦѾǳˡ
һϵ汦汦̾ͷųһ⻪ֱ䵽˼䡣
ǰͳ˴γʹ龰΢Ŀǰȥ
һҪǾ°Ͷˡ
ĶҪִ£ûôס
ϾվһѾɾ͵ɵĸס
ολĸ˼Щ棬Ȼ⽨ﵽƽȣзԵĵز
û뵽ȻѾִ£Ȩˡ
ԭտʼʱĸ׵֮£ĳɳ
ʱƣĸ׽ȨȻԽԽǿҪı㴴µɷ
ǣɲһ̫ܹģϾϱ߻һλСʵء
ƽʱ򣬽̫Ȼܽ壬ʩ¡
ָıɷҡ飬ɾͲɽһ˵ˡ
ЩĴǣڽƵо׵ıɡ
Щźս¹ͣڳ֮͢йԣһϵʼλ̨̫
ûк֮ǵĻҲܹЩѹȥ
ɻͻڻʹڻһλ̫ء
Ϊ̫ĶѾľ͸㣬ֵµЩϵҲǳĺá
ĳ͢ϵڹ
ѾҲûй㵱ҪɢȨԸ
ź´ǵùϵȻܺͽƶ˸
ʵǾöѾЩˣǾԶѾĶϾҪɣԾͷ壬ҪѾźǰ
ڽҲõָ򰲵ĵ̴ˡ
ֻѾĶ򰲣ϽĹȥ
ǾڶѾЩԥҪŶ뿪ǵʱû뵽һֱû˹עȴű
ɷǳļ򵥣ǾǵܵͻС뿪ǣЩ᲻á
ıַǳ⣬Ϊʾ֮ࡣ
Ҳ֪Լڻʹ֮Ψһˣڼ޵ôģҲЩԥ
±㲻֮
ʱƣĳˣϵľҲԽԽǿ
ĸ׽վǰЩѹ
ѹʱȫĲͬ
˵ʵֻǲݸȻսǿȡ£ϵǹʲûиı䣬ԾʱȻ֪ǿܵУȴûĵµǹη塣
ʱ򣬽ʱʱоЩġ
ӦǼӿˣ󹬰ꡣ
ƿ˽ʮȨƶȨѾЩ԰ˡ
һֱĶԼ˵ԼһжΪԼĶҲΪµİա
ǣ飬СӶȨҲԽԽǿˣҲܹĸվǰָֻˡ
ˣȻĸ׹мӣǰȴѾϢѾ֧
Ҫ˵ѾЩȻһֱںͽ˵ʵһֱ·ġ
ټľ֪ԼĶǻ뿪ǰǴǴǵ⣬ǲͽ˺ġ
һأڽӵֽ֮󣬶ѾҲǶ˼
ȻΪ츮֮ôҲȲϾǡ
Ȼ󣬵ҲȲӡ
ԼܹĸӵĹϵ̵ԼĶ򰲵֮λô͸ˡ
ôģҲôġ
ǶѾĿʼԭȵŴ󽫣дţϣЩ˰ʼ֧
ڶѾƿȨǳǿģһ˺ʱĸ˶ܾˣͶӾ̵

һεĴ󳯻ϣΪ׵Ĺ٣ѦΪ׵佫ԼؽΪ׵ͽܣһƽԣϣƳ
ʲôˣǻ˽֣ټʮִ£˼ͨ͸ء
һˣһǱ˴Ļô󽫣ôȨ߹٣ôܹƹ
ʱĽƲûǿĴѹЩ󳼣֮˼˰죬ͻȻּ
պ󣬻ʵҳ
ԭֻڶ̶̵ʱڱˣһĶ룬ĻЩĸǲһŽġ
ΪʱƣЩλȨأ֮ΪѾ˸ֵĸҡ
ôڣǶȻһϵ
ܰȫ£һģҲֻԼǰǱϵıӣСʵˡ
ӣǰ˹ϾΨһĹѪ
ȨͶ֮䣬ĸӵռϷ磬ʵۡ
ں󹬵õƾȻõϢ֮󣬶ѾĿɿڴ
û뵽Ůǿ˾Ȼǳ͢󳼣һƣˣѵ
ûУȶѾӾ֮лع
ʹĵһʥּ
˻ʵۣگԻ޵򰲣ѳɣԣ̾ͷ̫򰲣ؿּ̫ͷ
ڽӵʥּ֮󣬶Ѿ¶˿Ц
̫СľǸСһˣԭ򰲣Ͳʲôֵ֮飬ΪҪ̫ƺԼĸס
ִƴȨѾҪһֱвԼλĵܵˣ˰Ĵ򷢳ȥ
ûаȻܹǰͷĻһ򰲻ظ
ʵ⵽ʴȣ֪ԼĸײûǳɾɣҪǸ֪ԼԼĵܵܣ¾Լĳ˻ʵҲ㲻׵ĳͷ
Ѿûа취֮£ֻǴ뿪˾ǣǰ
ĿͶ˼ʱѾȵִ˳͢
µЩǣڣҲɱɱıᣬѾûһܹвȨˡ
ü
û뵽Сʱôɿɰڳ֮ĺ
Ҳãֻһϸĵ
еĽƿȥ
һĿʹ͸˹ȥδʱ䳤ӵĲԶ
ӵ̾˿ͰĿ˻ٹע˼ˡ


702 ֣
֪֮䣬ֹͥ˶ʮ죬˼Ѿ˶ʮ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôǽƳɾ͵ɵ壬ȻʼĿ
ɲ
Ҫ֪һɾ͵ɣûɱֵ֮Ļܻһǧꡣ
ǽҲһٶ꣬ڵ˵ֻһӡ
ǾĽƣ徹Ȼˣ˾ͲòѰζˡ
ƶԼҲһȴûκεıԹÿȻǳ͹ҩ
ڳҩ֮ͻ΢Ц飬ǰԸҩ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô֮ԽԽˣ󶼲Χ벽
֮Ҳԣ˵ĸ֮˸ңŲȥԼĸס
ԣƷǳķŭһβ˹أһ̤˽Ǳ
󳼵棬ǴʹЩ
Ҫ֪ƺôҲִʮһµǶͷŲӣκεķκһ˿۾
ֻڱ֮ϵĸ֮¿´ʣЩ󳼰ŪǷǡ
Ȧ֮һ˿֮ɫȻı죬һЩӨ̺Уʱ
ʱ򣬽ͻȻתףһһǰ۾˵
ԼΪԵľһҪȥҪܱ˵ʲôԶ㱳
ʱǶ
΢΢ЦţָӰɣȻ˵
һ˽ˣҲһˣҲȥظһһ㸸ǲСˡ
˵ûǳˡ
Ǻǣҿһ
˵仰֮󣬽ҡҡЩվȣϽӱ֮վסĸס
ǽȴѶһΰص˱֮ϡ
úõĻʵۣ²Ҫܡ
˵֮󣬽Ʊ뿪˽Ǳ
֮󣬴γ̫Ƽݺ顣
Ϊʵ۵ĸ׵ȥʹ
ҪԼڵҹĸ׵ǰΪ顣
Ҫ󳼶ÿ빬̫ǰס
ЩǵļҾҪ˵ˣֱӱȫеҪ̫ǰǶǰ顣
Ϊ˺µһλ󳼵ĸףֻˣЩһͱˣΪǶ̫ĲֱӾͽҹ
λҲû˺ãֱȥ˺ȥһλ󳼻ûߵأ͸ˡ
һ󳼺ǵļҾǿˣʱɲһĻλʵ۵ùͷס
ʱǶսսźֱʮ֮󣬽Ϊһ
˵ƵĻǣ뿪֮󣬵뿪˻ʹֻǰһƬããģҲ֪ȥʲôط
ͻȻ֮ǰţȻͿӿ
һ£Ҫ֪ǰĽ⣬ǿǳϤģǷŵķ⡣
ôЩǻ쵽һˣ
˼ʱЩһڵأʩ
֮ǵĽǳ˽Ƶǰԭһϴų֮ɫ
λ˽ƣҲǸϽ֮˵
ƶɮ۾֮ǰӭĸλ
һü
λ˵ﻰȻһЩΪﵱĸ֮ơ
ǺЦЦȻ˵ĸѵû˵һ˵õȮ𣿡
˻ƺʲô˵
û뵽ǸԩҾȻ컯
ڽ޵ıԹ͵û
Ĵ֮£ǽľ
⾻֮оͿʼ߲ʵĹââĵһͨͨһõĵط
֮һ
֮ͨھͳһоԦŵĳ
ֻգۼͣ˽ƺǰ
ĸ۾ˣĸϳȥᡣ
Ҳӳͷݡ
Ҳһ֮ڿնݣ뿪˵棬߲ʵĹ⻷֮С
ȵƴţһλָʱ򣬷ǰһ֮е½ء
½صƲƣֵ裬صķ裬ͬʱɢһɫĹâ
ûֹͣһǰۣܿľһƶĴ½ϡ
ոյͣȣƾͿǰʥȺʱ
ЩʥÿһպգһѹѹŽƶЩ
ҪǣƾԼǰЩʥǸͲͬһֵ
ܴЩʥпЩ˱ϹпһĲм
ЩʥܹӭԼԼжôҪǿڱǸ˵ӡ
Ҳû
ΪԼҲоЩʥϲ̨棬˼Ҳġ
ʱԶĹ֮ڣһĽ
ţƸоԼܵʲôǣȻ򰡽ķƮȥ
ЩʥҲڽǸط
һǾһ̻Ի͵Ĵ֮ǰ
۾һִмһҶϱд
ʱһ̴ӴҴҵĴӵڳƣϽĹһȻ˵
۾⡣
Ƶ˵ͷ֮󣬾̴ӽⱦ֮ڡ
Ƚ̧ͷϹƣмŵģɷ㡣
ַ֣ʱͷʱֵĲͬ
ڵͺ棬֮еľһһܹӰת
ʱϱߵ㿪ˡ
⡣
ƲҵϽĹڴ֮ϡ
޵ķޣ⵽أƹŮɡ
Ļոһ䣬˸ӦžһЯһ֮뵽˽Ƶ֮ڡ
ƸоԼ걻֮壬Ȼʵ˺ȻУһ
Ե̴ӣŽǰء
Ȼ˵Լɷ˵˵ǿ֮ʥһ۹⾼
֪ﲻ˵ĵط˾̴뿪˱
ֹ˼ʮ˼ޣعظ
Щˡ
ԭ򰲣ڳΪ֮ڶѾĻˮƽޣʮֵ簮ʧȥ˹
򰲸Ͳѧϰؼֻٻľ˥ܣ䡣
ĹϵѾܵظһޡ
֮£Ȼûλá
ǽʮֵŭεǰԣ㴫ּ⣬ӽ֮ܵظִתִƹС
ܵظλټλ۸оҲܵظܹת
ѾޣȻ˵ŬȻھʮʱҲչ
ıӣѾһǰ˳
ǶѾĵýƷǳŭ˾ͻûа취ֻǽѾǨͥ¹֮Ͼס
йɣֽһѭ
ѭǺơ
ֻǲ֪磬ǷϣʥԶĴȥ
ȫ꣩

==========================================================================================
վС˵Уȫ-Уȫ-У޴TXTС˵أhttp://www.freexiaoshuo.com/
==========================================================================================